bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An improved solution for total least squares collocation in the EIV-model with random effects
Authors: Wang Wei , Luo Tao , Lv Zhipeng , Miao Xuece , Qi Zhijun
Published: January 2024

The total least squares (TLS) method within the Errors-In-Variables (EIV) model has been comprehensively investigated in measurement and its relevant fields. However, when prior information is considered, existing solutions in the EIV model with random effects (EIV-REM) have many shortcomings, which limit the application of this approach. We have developed the total least squares collocation (TLSC) solution based on general adjustment, where prior information is added to the functional model in the form of pseudo-observations. The accuracy of the estimated parameters is evaluated, and our TLSC solution is converted into a recursive form. The proposed methodology is applied to a 3D datum transformation and an autoregression model. The results for the datum transformation show that our proposed TLSC solution provides more precise estimates than the traditional least squares (LS) and TLS methods. The results for the autoregression model show that TLSC yields similar performance to the batch solution of TLS, but has advantages in terms of computational complexity.
Gay’s the Word
Authors: Brooke Stephen
Published: January 2024

In April 1984, Customs and Excise raided the gay and lesbian bookshop Gay’s the Word. In the raid hundreds of books were seized, on the allegation that they were obscene. This set off an important public and legal battle around gay and lesbian rights. Gay’s the Word rallied public support to oppose Customs and Excise and insist that works dealing with gay and lesbian subjects were not obscene. Against this, Customs and Excise relied upon arguments that make clear the tight boundaries around gay and lesbian culture. This chapter is an exploration of gay and lesbian rights and the policing of sexuality.
Activatable 19F MRI probe for detection of α-amylase activity
Authors: Konishi Yuki , Otera Yuya , Minoshima Masafumi , Kikuchi Kazuya
Published: January 2024

α-Amylase is an endo-type glycoside hydrolase and has drawn attention as a biomarker of various diseases. However, current detection methods rely on colorimetric and fluorometric approaches, which limits imaging in deep tissues. In this research, we developed an activatable probe, Tfb-G6-Gd, for detecting α-amylase using 19F MRI. In the presence of α-amylase, the 19F MRI signal of Tfb-G6-Gd increased by attenuation of paramagnetic relaxation enhancement effect. This probe showed a switching ability depending on α-amylase activity with high specificity.
Determination of Whole Molecular of Thermostable Direct Hemolysins in Milk Powder by HPLC-ESI-TOF
Authors: Li Hong-na , Wang Tao , Kang Zhao-di , Yang Yan-ge , Li Tao , Yuan Fei
Published: January 2024

Although Vibrio parahaemolyticus (V. parahaemolyticus) is a pathogen frequently found in seafood, there is a possibility of its presence in other foods, such as dairy products. The main virulence factors of V. parahaemolyticus are thermostable direct hemolysins (TDHs) which are lethal toxins, so it is necessary to establish qualitative and quantitative methods for determining TDHs. HPLC-ESI-TOF was employed to establish a method for identifying TDHs. The identification and quantification ions of TDHs were confirmed by HPLC-ESI-TOF. The method was developed for detecting TDHs in milk powder using HPLC-ESI-TOF in this paper, and limits of detection (were between 0.20 and 0.40 mg/kg, limits of quantitation were between 0.5 and 1.0 mg/kg and recoveries of all TDHs were between from 78% to 94% with relative standard deviation lower than 10%. This research will provide a reference for developing methods of HPLC-MS/MS to detect TDHs in food samples, which can provide a tool for the government to monitor TDHs contamination in foods.
Real-world Effectiveness and Safety of Risankizumab in Patients with Moderate to Severe Multirefractory Crohn’s Disease: A Belgian Multicentric Cohort Study
Authors: Alsoud Dahham , Sabino João , Franchimont Denis , Cremer Anneline , Busschaert Julie , D’Heygere François , Bossuyt Peter , Vijverman Anne , Vermeire Séverine , Ferrante Marc
Published: January 2024

Background

As real-world data on risankizumab in patients with moderate to severe Crohn’s disease (CD) are scarce, we evaluated its effectiveness and safety in multirefractory Belgian patients.

Methods

Data from consecutive adult CD patients who started risankizumab before April 2023 were retrospectively collected at 6 Belgian centers. Clinical remission and response were defined using the 2-component patient-reported outcome. Endoscopic response was defined as a decrease in baseline Simple Endoscopic Score with ≥50%. Both effectiveness end points were evaluated at week 24 and/or 52, while surgery-free survival and safety were assessed throughout follow-up.

Results

A total of 69 patients (56.5% female, median age 37.2 years, 85.5% exposed to ≥4 different advanced therapies and 98.6% to ustekinumab, 14 with an ostomy) were included. At week 24, 61.8% (34 of 55) and 18.2% (10 of 55) of patients without an ostomy achieved steroid-free clinical response and remission, respectively. At week 52, these numbers were 58.2% (32 of 55) and 27.3% (15 of 55), respectively. Endoscopic data were available in 32 patients, of whom 50.0% (16 of 32) reached endoscopic response within the first 52 weeks. Results in patients with an ostomy were similar (steroid-free clinical response and remission, 42.9% and 14.3%, respectively). During a median follow-up of 68.3 weeks, 18.8% (13 of 69) of patients discontinued risankizumab, and 20.3% (14 of 69) of patients underwent CD-related intestinal resections. The estimated surgery-free survival at week 52 was 75.2%. No new safety issues were observed.

Conclusions

In this real-world cohort of multirefractory CD patients, risankizumab was effective in inducing both clinical remission and endoscopic response. Risankizumab was well tolerated with no safety issues.
Impact of age on pneumococcal colonization of the nasopharynx and oral cavity: an ecological perspective
Authors: Miellet Willem R , Mariman Rob , van Veldhuizen Janieke , Badoux Paul , Wijmenga-Monsuur Alienke J , Litt David , Bosch Thijs , Miller Elizabeth , Fry Norman K , van Houten Marianne A , Rots Nynke Y , Sanders Elisabeth A M , Trzciński Krzysztof
Published: January 2024

Pneumococcal carriage studies have suggested that pneumococcal colonization in adults is largely limited to the oral cavity and oropharynx. In this study, we used total abundance-based β-diversity (dissimilarity) and β-diversity components to characterize age-related differences in pneumococcal serotype composition of respiratory samples. quantitative PCR (qPCR) was applied to detect pneumococcal serotypes in nasopharyngeal samples collected from 946 toddlers and 602 adults, saliva samples collected from a subset of 653 toddlers, and saliva and oropharyngeal samples collected from a subset of 318 adults. Bacterial culture rates from nasopharyngeal samples were used to characterize age-related differences in rates of colonizing bacteria.

Dissimilarity in pneumococcal serotype composition was low among saliva and nasopharyngeal samples from children. In contrast, respiratory samples from adults exhibited high serotype dissimilarity, which predominantly consisted of abundance gradients and was associated with reduced nasopharyngeal colonization. Age-related serotype dissimilarity was high among nasopharyngeal samples and relatively low for saliva samples.

Reduced nasopharyngeal colonization by pneumococcal serotypes coincided with significantly reduced Moraxella catarrhalis and Haemophilus influenzae and increased Staphylococcus aureus nasopharyngeal colonization rates among adults.

Findings from this study suggest that within-host environmental conditions, utilized in the upper airways by pneumococcus and other bacteria, undergo age-related changes. It may result in a host-driven ecological succession of bacterial species colonizing the nasopharynx and lead to competitive exclusion of pneumococcus from the nasopharynx but not from the oral habitat. This explains the poor performance of nasopharyngeal samples for pneumococcal carriage among adults and indicates that in adults saliva more accurately represents the epidemiology of pneumococcal carriage than nasopharyngeal samples.
Contradictions and tensions in the way the USMCA regulates energy
Authors: Garcia Sanchez Guillermo J
Published: January 2024

The international regulation of energy is complex, involving various legal frameworks such as economic agreements, environmental conventions, and dispute resolution mechanisms. These instruments often overlap and may not align, creating challenges for addressing energy-related issues. The United States–Mexico–Canada Agreement (USMCA) exemplifies these complexities. It addresses entitlements to natural resources, protection of energy-related transactions, cross-border energy policies, and environmental externalities. However, the USMCA does not fully resolve conflicts among differing policy goals within the energy sector. This article examines how the USMCA navigates issues related to resource entitlements, energy transactions, policy clashes, and environmental concerns. It argues that the absence of a unified energy policy leaves disputes to be balanced by resolution bodies, such as arbitration panels. The article scrutinizes each aspect of the USMCA’s approach and discusses potential mechanisms for resolving policy conflicts. The USMCA’s treatment of energy-related matters underscores the intricate interplay between international economic law and the energy sector, with implications for regional competitiveness and sustainability.
An encoding of abstract dialectical frameworks into higher-order logic
Authors: Martina Antoine , Steen Alexander
Published: January 2024

An approach for encoding abstract dialectical frameworks and their semantics into classical higher-order logic is presented. Important properties and semantic relationships are formally encoded and proven using the proof assistant Isabelle/HOL. This approach allows for the computer-assisted analysis of abstract dialectical frameworks using automated and interactive reasoning tools within a uniform logic environment. Exemplary applications include the formal analysis and verification of meta-theoretical properties, and the generation of interpretations and extensions under specific semantic constraints.
Punctuated evolution of bill morphology in the largest family of songbirds (Thraupidae)
Authors: Vinciguerra Nicholas T , McCullough Jenna M , Burns Kevin J
Published: January 2024

We assessed correlations between speciation rate and bill morphology in an ecologically diverse and continental-scale songbird radiation, the tanagers (Thraupidae). Our analyses showed that bill size, shape, and their evolutionary rates are not correlated with speciation rate. However, we did find evidence that each axis of variation in bill morphology diversifies at speciation events interspersed with periods of gradual evolution, consistent with a punctuated equilibrium model of character change. To determine correlations, we incorporated a time-calibrated molecular phylogeny and high-resolution three-dimensional surface scans of bill structure from museum study skins. Overall, our findings suggest that bill size and shape diversify in association with the speciation process, but not through any effect on the rate of speciation. Previous studies have shown other traits, such as song, ecological niche, and plumage do influence speciation and, ultimately, species richness in tanagers.
A mechanistic biomarker investigation of fialuridine hepatotoxicity using the chimeric TK-NOG Hu-liver mouse model and in vitro micropatterned hepatocyte cocultures
Authors: Aslamkhan Amy G , Michna Laura , Podtelezhnikov Alexei , Vlasakova Katerina , Suemizu Hiroshi , Ohnishi Yasuyuki , Liu Liping , Lane Pamela , Xu Qiuwei , Kuhls Matthew C , Wang Zhibin , Pacchione Stephen , Erdos Zoltan , Tracy Rodger William , Koeplinger Kenneth , Muniappa Nagaraja , Valentine John , Galijatovic-Idrizbegovic Alema , Glaab Warren E , Sistare Frank D , Lebron Jose
Published: January 2024

Fialuridine (FIAU) is a nucleoside-based drug that caused liver failure and deaths in a human clinical trial that were not predicted by nonclinical safety studies. A recent report concluded that a TK-NOG humanized liver (hu-liver) mouse model detected human-specific FIAU liver toxicity, and broader use of that model could improve drug safety testing. We further evaluated this model at similar dose levels to assess FIAU sensitivity and potential mechanistic biomarkers. Although we were unable to reproduce the marked acute liver toxicity with two separate studies (including one with a “sensitized” donor), we identified molecular biomarkers reflecting the early stages of FIAU mitochondrial toxicity, which were not seen with its stereoisomer (FIRU). Dose dependent FIAU-induced changes in hu-liver mice included more pronounced reductions in mitochondrial to nuclear DNA (mtDNA/nucDNA) ratios in human hepatocytes compared to mouse hepatocytes and kidneys of the same animals. FIAU treatment also triggered a p53 transcriptional response and opposing changes in transcripts of nuclear- and mitochondrial-encoded mitochondrial proteins. The time dependent accumulation of FIAU into mtDNA is consistent with the ≥9-week latency of liver toxicity observed for FIAU in the clinic. Similar changes were observed in an in vitro micro-patterned hepatocyte coculture system. In addition, FIAU-dependent mtDNA/nucDNA ratio and transcriptional alterations, especially reductions in mitochondrially encoded transcripts, were seen in livers of non-engrafted TK-NOG and CD-1 mice dosed for a shorter period.

Conclusion: These mechanistic biomarker findings can be leveraged in an in vitro model and in a more routine preclinical model (CD-1 mice) to identify nucleosides with such a FIAU-like mitochondrial toxicity mechanistic liability potential. Further optimization of the TK-NOG hu-liver mouse model is necessary before broader adoption for drug safety testing.
Novel Calcium Phosphate Promotes Interbody Bony Fusion in a Porcine Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion Model
Authors: Östman Maria , Försth Peter , Hedenqvist Patricia , Engqvist Håkan , Marcelino Leticia , Ytrehus Bjørnar , Hulsart-Billström Gry , Pujari-Palmer Michael , Öhman-Mägi Caroline , Höglund Odd , Forterre Franck
Published: January 2024

Study Design.

Experimental porcine anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) model: a proof-of-concept study.

Objective.

The effect of monetite synthetic bone graft (SBG) containing calcium pyrophosphate and β-tricalcium phosphate on cervical spinal fusion in a noninstrumented two-level large animal model.

Summary of Background Data.

ACDF is the gold standard surgical technique for the treatment of degenerative cervical spinal diseases. However, pseudarthrosis associated with increased patient morbidity occurs in ∼2.6% of the surgeries. SBG may enhance bony fusion and subsequently decrease the risk of pseudarthrosis. Recent studies on monetite-based SBGs for use in large cranial defects in humans have shown promising bone healing results, necessitating further investigation of their use in cervical spinal fusion.

Materials and Methods.

Four adult female Danish Göttingen minipigs received partial cervical anterior discectomy and intervertebral defects at an upper and lower level. One defect was filled with SBG, and the other was left empty. Bony fusion was evaluated using computed tomography (CT) at three-month intervals for 12 months. Fifteen months postsurgery, the animals were euthanized for further ex vivo qualitative histopathologic and micro-CT evaluations. Fusion rates were compared using the Fisher exact test at each time point.

Results.

Increased interbody bony fusion rates were observed at SBG levels (4/4) compared with control levels (0/4) evaluated by CT at 6 and 9 months postsurgery (P=0.029). Fusion was observed at all SBG levels 12 months postsurgery and at only one control level. Histopathologic evaluation confirmed high-quality interbody bony fusion at all SBG levels and fusion by spondylosis at one control level.

Conclusion.

This proof-of-concept study provides preliminary evidence of a novel, calcium pyrophosphate-containing, and β-tricalcium phosphate-containing monetite SBG that promotes bony fusion compared with a negative control in a clinically relevant porcine model of ACDF.
Effects of Minimally Invasive Lateral Lumbar Interbody Fusion with Accessory Rod Technique on Rod Fracture in Adult Spinal Deformity Surgery
Authors: Lee Ki Young , Lee Jung-Hee , Kang Kyung-Chung , Jung Cheol Hyun
Published: January 2024

Study Design.

A retrospective study.

Objectives.

To analyze factors associated with rod fracture (RF) in adult spinal deformity (ASD), and to assess whether the accessory rod (AR) technique can reduce RF occurrence in deformity correction in the setting of minimally invasive lateral lumbar interbody fusion (LLIF).

Summary of Background Data.

Instrumentation failure is the most common reason for revision surgery in ASD. Several RF reduction methods have been introduced. However, there are insufficient studies on postoperative RF after deformity correction using minimally invasive LLIF.

Materials and Methods.

This study included 239 patients (average age 71.4 y and a minimum 2-year follow-up) with ASD who underwent long-segment fusion from T10 to sacrum with sacropelvic fixation. Patients were classified into the non-RF group and the RF group. After logistic regression analysis of the risk factors for RF, subgroup analyses were performed: pedicle subtraction osteotomy (PSO) with two-rod (P2 group) versus PSO with two-rod and AR (P4 group), and LLIF with two-rod (L2 group) versus LLIF with two-rod and AR (L4 group).

Results.

RF occurred in 50 patients (21%) at an average of 25 months. RF occurred more frequently in patients who underwent PSO than in those who underwent LLIF (P=0.002), and the use of the AR technique was significantly higher in the non-RF group (P<0.05).

Following logistic regression analysis, preoperative PI-LL mismatch, PSO, and the AR technique were associated with RF. In subgroup analyses, RF incidence was 65% (24/37 cases) of the P2 group, 8% (4/51 cases) of the P4 group, and 21% (22/105 cases) of the L2 group. In the L4 group, there was no RF.

Conclusion.

Minimally invasive multilevel LLIF with the AR technique is capable of as much LL correction as conventional PSO and appears to be an effective method for reducing RF.
Perioperative pain management for appendicectomy
Authors: Freys Jacob C. , Bigalke Stephan M. , Mertes Moritz , Lobo Dileep N. , Pogatzki-Zahn Esther M. , Freys Stephan M. ,   The PROSPECT Working Group of the European Society of Regional Anaesthesia and Pain Therapy (ESRA)‡
Published: January 2024

BACKGROUND

Despite being a commonly performed surgical procedure, pain management for appendicectomy is often neglected because of insufficient evidence on the most effective treatment options.

OBJECTIVE

To provide evidence-based recommendations by assessing the available literature for optimal pain management after appendicectomy.

DESIGN AND DATA SOURCES

This systematic review-based guideline was conducted according to the PROSPECT methodology. Relevant randomised controlled trials, systematic reviews and meta-analyses in the English language from January 1999 to October 2022 were retrieved from MEDLINE, Embase and Cochrane Databases using PRISMA search protocols.

ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA

We included studies on adults and children. If articles reported combined data from different surgeries, they had to include specific information about appendicectomies. Studies needed to measure pain intensity using a visual analogue scale (VAS) or a numerical rating scale (NRS). Studies that did not report the precise appendicectomy technique were excluded.

RESULTS

Out of 1388 studies, 94 met the inclusion criteria. Based on evidence and consensus, the PROSPECT members agreed that basic analgesics [paracetamol and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)] should be administered perioperatively for open and laparoscopic appendicectomies. A laparoscopic approach is preferred because of lower pain scores. Additional recommendations for laparoscopic appendicectomies include a three-port laparoscopic approach and the instillation of intraperitoneal local anaesthetic. For open appendicectomy, a preoperative unilateral transverse abdominis plane (TAP) block is recommended. If not possible, preincisional infiltration with local anaesthetics is an alternative. Opioids should only be used as rescue analgesia. Limited evidence exists for TAP block in laparoscopic appendicectomy, analgesic adjuvants for TAP block, continuous wound infiltration after open appendicectomy and preoperative ketamine and dexamethasone. Recommendations apply to children and adults.

CONCLUSION

This review identified an optimal analgesic regimen for open and laparoscopic appendicectomy. Further randomised controlled trials should evaluate the use of regional analgesia and wound infiltrations with adequate baseline analgesia, especially during the recommended conventional three-port approach.

REGISTRATION

The protocol for this study was registered with the PROSPERO database (Registration No. CRD42023387994).
Differential Mortality Among Heart Failure Patients Across Different COVID-19 Surges in New York City
Authors: Mathai Sheetal Vasundara , Apple Samuel J. , Xu Xiaobao , Pang Li , Flatow Elie , Friedman Ari , Rios Saul , Benites Moya Cesar Joel , Alhuarrat Majd Al Deen , Parker Matthew , Sokol Seth I. , Faillace Robert T.
Published: January 2024

Learning from the healthcare system's response to the COVID-19 pandemic is essential to better prepare for potential future crises. We sought to assess mortality rates for patients admitted for acute decompensated heart failure (HF) and to analyze which factors demonstrated a statistically significant correlation with this primary endpoint. We performed a retrospective analysis of patients hospitalized with a primary diagnosis of acute decompensated HF within the New York City Health and Hospitals 11-hospital system across the different COVID surge periods. Mortality information was collected in 4,405 participants (mean [SD] age 70.54 [14.44] years, 1885 [42.87%] female).The highest mortality existed in the first surge (9.02%), then improved to near prepandemic levels (3.65%) in the second (3.91%) and third surges (5.94%, p < 0.0001). In-hospital mortality inversely correlated with receipt of a COVID-19 vaccination, but had no correlation with left ventricular ejection fraction or the number of vaccination doses. Mortality for acute decompensated HF patients improved after the first surge, suggesting that hospitals adequately adapted to provide quality care. As future infectious outbreaks may occur, emergency preparedness must ensure that adequate focus and resources remain for other clinical entities, such as HF, to ensure optimal care is delivered across all areas of illness.
Eliminating Hands-Off Handoffs: Improvement in Perioperative Handoff Communication With a Multidisciplinary Tool Initiative
Authors: Ebertz David P. , Steinhagen Emily , Alvarado Christine E. , Bingmer Katherine , Asher Daniel , Berardinelli Amy , Ammori John
Published: January 2024

Introduction:

Handoffs between the operating room (OR) and post-anesthesia care unit (PACU) require a high volume and quality of information to be transferred. This study aimed to improve perioperative communication with a handoff tool.

Methods:

Perioperative staff at a quaternary care center was surveyed regarding perception of handoff quality, and OR to PACU handoffs were observed for structured criteria. A 25-item tool was implemented, and handoffs were similarly observed. Staff was then again surveyed. A multidisciplinary team led this initiative as a collaboration.

Results:

After implementation, nursing reported improved perception of time spent (2.63–3.68, p = .02) and amount of information discussed (2.85–3.73, p = .05). Anesthesia also reported improved personal communication (3.69–4.43, p = .004), effectiveness of handoffs (3.43–3.82, p = .02), and amount of information discussed (4.26–4.76, p = .05). After implementation, observed patient information discussed during handoffs increased for both surgical and anesthesia team members. The frequency of complete and near-complete handoffs increased (40%–74%, p < .001).

Conclusions:

A structured handoff tool increased the amount of essential information reported during handoffs between the OR and PACU and increased team members' perception of handoffs.
Evaluation of the prevention effect of high-quality nursing quality control in disinfection supply center on nosocomial infection
Authors: Yu Ping , Yang Rong , Cen Changfei
Published: January 2024

To explore the application effect of high-quality nursing quality control in disinfection supply center. The control group consisted of 1850 medical devices managed using the conventional quality control mode from January 2021 to December 2021, while the observation group consisted of 1900 medical devices managed using the high-quality nursing quality control mode from January 2022 to December 2022. The qualified rates of equipment cleaning, sterilization, and packaging were analyzed in both the observation and control groups. The occurrence of nosocomial infections in 2021 and 2022 were compared, and the changes in the Beck-Srivaatava stress scale index (BSSI) and Symptom Checklist-90 scores of the staff before and after implementing the high-quality nursing quality control mode were analyzed. The qualified rate of equipment cleaning, sterilization, and packaging in the observation group were 99.08%, 99.73%, and 99.78%, respectively, which were significantly higher than those in the control group (P < .05). The incidence of nosocomial infections in interventional and surgical cases in 2022 was 0.79%, which was significantly lower than that in 2021 (P < .05). The BSSI score of female staff was (68.76 ± 7.81) points, which was higher than that of male staff (P < .05). After the implementation of the high-quality nursing quality control mode, the BSSI score of the staff was (47.76 ± 9.12) points, which was significantly lower than that before implementation (P < .05). After the implementation of the high-quality nursing quality control mode, the staff’s Symptom Checklist-90 scores for somatization, compulsion, interpersonal sensitivity, depression, hostility, and paranoia were (1.28 ± 0.29), (1.53 ± 0.24), (1.50 ± 0.21), (1.46 ± 0.32), (1.44 ± 0.26), and (1.38 ± 0.30) points, respectively, showing a decrease compared to before implementation (P < .05). The high-quality nursing quality control mode has great application value in the disinfection supply center. It can effectively improve the qualified rates of equipment cleaning, sterilization, and packaging, prevent nosocomial infections and improve the working pressure and psychological health of staff.
A de novo variant in ZBTB18 gene caused autosomal dominant non-syndromic intellectual disability 22 syndrome: A case report and literature review
Authors: Yang Fan , Ding Yu , Wang Yirou , Zhang Qingwen , Li Hao , Yu Tingting , Chang Guoying , Wang Xiumin
Published: January 2024

Rationale:

Autosomal dominant non-syndromic intellectual disability 22 is a rare genetic disorder caused by the ZBTB18 gene. This disorder affects various parts of the body, leading to intellectual disability. It is noteworthy that only 31 cases of this disorder have been reported thus far. As the symptom severity may differ, doctors may face challenges in diagnosing it accurately. It is crucial to be familiar with this disorder’s symptoms to receive proper diagnosis and essential medical care.

Patient concerns:

There is a case report of a 6-year-old boy who had an unexplained thyroid abnormality, global developmental delay, and an abnormal signal of white matter in brain MRI. However, he did not have growth retardation, microcephaly, corpus callosum hypoplasia, epilepsy, or dysmorphic facial features. Clinical whole exome sequencing revealed a de novo pathogenic variant in the ZBTB18 gene (c.1207delC, p. Arg403Alafs*60), which is a previously unreported site. This variant causes the premature termination of peptide chain synthesis, leading to incomplete polypeptide chains.

Diagnoses:

Autosomal dominant non-syndromic intellectual and disability 22 syndrome and thyroid dysfunction.

Interventions:

Rehabilitation training.

Outcomes:

The individual is experiencing difficulty with their motor skills, appearing clumsier while running. He struggles with expressing themselves and forming complete sentences, relying mostly on gestures and pointing.

Lessons:

The clinical presentations of mental retardation, autosomal dominant, type 22 (MRD22) are complicated and varied. Although early diagnosis can be made according to typical clinical symptoms, whole exome sequencing is necessary for diagnosing MRD22, as our study indicates.
The impact of preoperative interview and prospective nursing on perioperative psychological stress and postoperative complications in patients undergoing TACE intervention for hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Gao Leilei , Chen Wei , Qin Shuaixin , Yang Xi
Published: January 2024

TACE has become one of the main methods for the treatment of liver cancer. The study aimed to investigate the effects of preoperative interview and prospective nursing in patients with hepatic carcinoma undergoing transcatheter chemoembolization (TACE). Eighty-six patients with hepatocellular carcinoma who underwent TACE intervention treatment at our hospital between 2020 and 2023 were selected and randomly assigned to 2 groups using computerized randomization. The control group (n = 43) received routine nursing care, while the study group (n = 43) received preoperative interviews in combination with prospective nursing during the procedure. The patients’ heart rate, mean arterial pressure, and blood pressure variations were recorded, along with their mood changes after intervention. The postoperative pain and satisfaction levels were compared between the 2 groups of patients, and the incidence of postoperative complications was observed. The heart rate, systolic blood pressure, and diastolic blood pressure of the 2 groups of patients were compared 1 day before the operation (P > .05). Compared to 1 day before the operation, there was no significant change for the study group at 10 minutes after entering the room. However, the control group showed an increase. Both groups showed an increase in heart rate, systolic blood pressure, and diastolic blood pressure after the operation, with the study group having lower values than the control group (P < .05). The levels of tension, fatigue, anxiety, energy, anger, depression, self-esteem, and POMS index were compared between the 2 groups before intervention (P > .05). After intervention, there were significant differences between the 2 groups(P < .05). Immediately after the operation, the NRS scores of the 2 groups of patients were compared (P > .05). Compared to the control group, the study group showed a decrease in NRS scores at 12, 24, and 48 hours after the operation (P < .05). The nursing satisfaction rate of the study group patients was 97.67% (42/43), which was higher than the nursing satisfaction rate of the control group of 76.74% (33/43) (P < .05). Compared to routine nursing, preoperative visits and prospective nursing interventions can effectively alleviate patients’ psychological stress reactions, relieve pain, reduce the incidence of complications, and improve patients’ satisfaction with nursing care.
Exploring the potential mechanism and molecular targets of Taohong Siwu Decoction against deep vein thrombosis based on network pharmacology and analysis docking
Authors: Fan Wei , Liu Jinhui , Liu Qingyan
Published: January 2024

This study aims to investigate the mechanism of Taohong Siwu Decoction (THSWD) against deep vein thrombosis (DVT) using network pharmacology and molecular docking technology. We used the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology database and reviewed literature to identify the main chemical components of THSWD. To find targets for DVT, we consulted GeneCards, Therapeutic Target Database, and PharmGKB databases. We used Cytoscape 3.8.2 software to construct herb-disease-gene-target networks. Additionally, we integrated drug targets and disease targets on the STRING platform to create a protein–protein interaction network. Then, we conducted Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes and gene ontology analysis. Finally, We employed the molecular docking method to validate our findings. We identified 56 potential targets associated with DVT and found 61 effective components. beta-sitosterol, quercetin, and kaempferol were the most prominent among these components. Our analysis of the protein–protein interaction network revealed that IL6, L1B, and AKT1 had the highest degree of association. Gene ontology analysis showed that THSWD treatment for DVT may involve response to inorganic substances, negative regulation of cell differentiation, plasma membrane protein complex, positive regulation of phosphorylation, and signaling receptor regulator activity. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analysis indicated that lipid and atherosclerosis, pathways in cancer, as well as the PI3K-Akt pathway are the main signal pathways involved. Molecular docking results demonstrated strong binding affinity between beta-sitosterol, quercetin, kaempferol, and AKT1 proteins as well as IL1B and IL6 proteins. The main targets for THSWD treatment of DVT may include AKT1, IL1B, and IL6. Beta-sitosterol, quercetin, and kaempferol may be the active ingredients responsible for producing this effect. These compounds may slow down the progression of DVT by regulating the inflammatory response through the PI3K/Akt pathway.
X-ray, digital tomographic fusion, CT, and MRI in early ischemic necrosis of the femoral head
Authors: Ge Hong , Wang Zhuhai , Zhang Jiangang
Published: January 2024

To investigate the imaging performance of radiography, digital tomographic fusion (DTS), computed tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the diagnosis of early avascular necrosis of the femoral head (ANFH). A total of 220 patients with ANFH who visited our hospital from January 2020 to January 2022 were included in the study. X-ray, DTS, CT, and MRI examinations of both hips were performed for all patients. The trabecular structure, bone density changes, femoral head morphology, and joint space changes were observed using the aforementioned imaging modalities. The staging was performed according to the Association Research Circulation Osseous (ARCO) criteria. The diagnostic detection rate of each imaging modality, and the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of each examination for diagnosing early ANFH were calculated and compared. Patients were diagnosed with stage I (n = 65), stage II (n = 85), stage III (n = 32), and stage IV (n = 38) ANFH. For MRI, the detection rate (97.7%), sensitivity (94.7%), specificity (88.6%), positive predictive value (95.9%), and negative predictive value (92.5%), for diagnosing early ANFH, were significantly higher than those of other imaging methods (P < .05). MRI is the most accurate and sensitive imaging method for diagnosing early ANFH and has important clinical applications.
Interventional treatment of giant tracheal lymphoma under rigid bronchoscopy: A case report and literature review
Authors: Zhang Longju , Yang Jiao , Wang Ju , Wu Jiahao , Shen Sulu , Deng Chuwei
Published: January 2024

Introduction:

Lymphoma can appear in all parts of the body and present with different symptoms. However, bronchial lymphoma is rare and can be misdiagnosed as airway malignancy or lung disease.

Patient: An older adult woman with tracheal lymphoma experienced severe breathing difficulties, and chest computed tomography indicated severe narrowing of the airway. She did not respond to repeated antibiotic treatment, and she was eventually diagnosed with lymphoma based on pathology after surgical removal of the tumor.

Diagnosis:

The patient received a diagnosis of thoracic tracheal stenosis due to intratracheal inflammatory granulomatous lesions or a tumor.

Interventions:

Treatment involved the use of a high-frequency electrotome, freezing, and argon plasma coagulation.

Outcomes:

The patient reported improvements in dyspnea, cough, and other symptoms after the operation. The pathological results confirmed follicular lymphoma. Reexamination by fiberbronchoscopy indicated that the degree of stenosis in the middle and upper tracheal segments was significantly reduced following interventional therapy.

Conclusion:

Endoscopic interventional therapy can be an effective treatment for tracheal lymphoma.
Oral manifestations associated with neutropenia in Syrian patients diagnosed with hematological malignancies and undergoing chemotherapy: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Al Beesh Fatima AlZahraa , Martini Nafiza , Suleiman Siham , Aljoujou Abeer
Published: January 2024

Neutropenia can be caused by a variety of congenital and acquired factors, with Chemotherapy-induced myelosuppression being the most common cause. Neutropenia significantly affects oral health, leading to the manifestation of oral lesions such as ulcers, fungal and viral infections, and mucositis. This study aims to investigate oral lesions in patients with hematological malignancies who developed neutropenia after chemotherapy. This cross-sectional study included 50 patients with hematological malignancies. The participants were divided into 2 groups: the first group consisted of 25 patients with hematological malignancies who developed chemotherapy-induced neutropenia and the second group consisted of 25 patients with hematological malignancies who did not develop chemotherapy-induced neutropenia. Patients were assigned to one of the groups based on the absolute neutrophil count (ANC). Full oral clinical examination was performed to determine the presence of oral lesions. In the Chemotherapy-Induced Neutropenia group, the most common lesion was ulceration, observed in 12 patients (48%). Fungal infections were the second most common, present in 5 patients (20%), followed by viral infections in 4 patients (15%), and mucositis, which occurred in a single patient (4%). A statistically significant association was found between neutropenia and the presence of oral ulcers (P value = .015). In contrast, in the Chemotherapy group, oral changes were less frequent. Fungal infections were the most common, occurring in 4 patients (15%), followed by oral mucositis in 3 patients (12%). Ulceration and viral infections were the least common, each observed in 1 patient (4%). The frequency of various forms of oral ulcers increases with the severity of neutropenia. However, there was no significant increase in other oral lesions in patients with neutropenia.
Nasal spindle cell tumor: A case report and literature review
Authors: Feng Yu , Yu Yunbei , Meng Kai , Li Maocai , Jia Guotao , Du Yongya , Liu Siyu , Gong Lili , Li Lianqing
Published: January 2024

Background:

Spindle cell tumors are rare and can occur in any organ or tissue. Due to their rarity the clinicopathological features and diagnostic protocols have not been adequately studied. However, it has become necessary to develop differential diagnosis of spindle cell tumors. Here, we report a case of a nasal spindle cell tumor diagnosed at our hospital in attempt to contribute to this gap in literature.

Key points from the case:

A male in his 30s was admitted to our hospital with nasal obstruction that had persisted for several years. Electronic fibrolaryngoscopy revealed a smooth neoplasm within the nasal cavity.

Main lessons to be learned from this case report:

The results of this case emphasize that spindle cell tumors have large morphological variations, and it is difficult to determine the origin of tumor cells using hematoxylin and eosin staining alone. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the immunohistochemistry and combine it with clinical symptoms to diagnose the disease.
Effects of cervical stabilization with visual feedback on craniovertebral angle and proprioception for the subjects with forward head posture
Authors: Goo Bon Wook , Oh Jin Hee , Kim Ju Sang , Lee Mi Young
Published: January 2024

Background:

This study aimed to identify the effect of cervical stabilization exercise with visual feedback on the craniovertebral angle and proprioception in subjects with forward head posture.

Methods:

Thirty healthy adults were recruited in the study. Participants were randomly assigned to the stabilization exercise with visual feedback (SE-VF) group (N = 15) or stabilization exercise group (N = 15). The SE-VF group performed cervical stabilization exercise while sitting on a chair without a backrest and checking their side profile in real-time via a monitor 3-m away. The stabilization exercise group performed the same cervical stabilization exercise as the SE-VF group but without visual feedback. Craniovertebral angle (CVA) was measured to quantify forward head posture, and the proprioception of the subjects was evaluated.

Results:

There was a significant interaction between group and time in CVA and proprioception (P < .05). Additionally, there was no significant difference pre-intervention between the groups (P > .05); however, there was a significant difference post-intervention (P < .05) in CVA and proprioception.

Conclusion:

The findings of this study showed that the cervical stabilization exercise with visual feedback was effective for the proprioception of subjects. Moreover, the results suggest that visual feedback is effective in cervical stabilization exercise.
Pain relief effect of angiopuncture therapy on patients with postoperative pain: A clinical trial
Authors: Han Rong , Feng Wenxian , Guo Chunxia , Ding Zhiwei , Hu Jinlian
Published: January 2024

Background:

The objective of this study is to study the pain relief effects of angiopuncture therapy in patients with postoperative pain.

Methods:

Forty-one patients were randomly selected based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Doppler imaging was performed to locate the cutaneous perforator. Angiopuncture was performed on the first postoperative day. A Numerical Rating Scale was used to evaluate the degree of pain before and after angiopuncture. Utilizing the paired t test or Wilcoxon signed rank test, all pre- and post-data were examined, and further subgroup analysis based on time was performed.

Results:

Variance analysis revealed a significant difference before and after angiopuncture (P < .05). The results of the subgroup analysis showed the pain-relieving effect of angiopuncture for postoperative pain patients at the time points of 6 hours, 12 hours, 24 hours, 48 hours, and 72 hours was apparent (P < .05).

Conclusion:

The angiopuncture therapy approach may assist in pain relief in patients with postoperative pain.
Immunological studies on acupuncture and moxibustion treatment of rheumatoid arthritis: A review
Authors: Sun Ran , Wu Linna , Sun Yiming
Published: January 2024

From the 4 perspectives of T lymphocytes, various cytokines, adenosine and “neuro-endocrine-immune” network, the researches related to the immune mechanism of acupuncture and moxibustion in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in recent years were summarized, and different acupuncture and moxibustion treatments were analyzed. The method has a regulatory effect on the mechanism of RA, in order to provide a reference and basis for acupuncture research on the immune mechanism of RA, and promote the further development of research in this field.
Efficacy of magnetic therapy for osteoporotic patients: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled studies
Authors: Jiang Feng , Xie Xianping , Pang Xianlun , Zheng Li
Published: January 2024

Background:

Magnetic therapy may have some potential in treating osteoporosis, and this meta-analysis aims to study the efficacy of magnetic therapy for osteoporotic patients.

Methods:

We have searched several databases including PubMed, EMbase, Web of Science, EBSCO and Cochrane library databases, and selected the randomized controlled trials comparing the efficacy of magnetic therapy for osteoporotic patients. This meta-analysis was conducted using the random-effect or fixed-effect model based on the heterogeneity.

Results:

Five randomized controlled trials were included in this meta-analysis. Compared with sham procedure in osteoporotic patients, magnetic therapy was associated with significantly increased bone mineral density (standard mean difference [SMD] = 2.39; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.27–4.51; P = .03), decreased pain scores (mean difference [MD] = −0.86; 95% CI = −1.04 to −0.67; P < .00001), and calcium (MD = −0.61; 95% CI = −0.92 to −0.29; P = .0002), but revealed no influence on phosphate (MD = 0.07; 95% CI = −0.30 to 0.44; P = .71), osteocalcin (SMD = 0.65; 95% CI = −2.87 to 4.17; P = .72), or ALP (SMD = −0.43; 95% CI = −0.92 to 0.07; P = .09).

Conclusions:

Magnetic therapy may be effective for the treatment of osteoporotic patients.
A case report of integrating Chinese and Western medicine: A new era in the treatment of stiff person syndrome
Authors: Lu Xiaohui , Hong Du , Wu Wenshuo , Zhang Liping , Qiu Changlin
Published: January 2024

Rationale:

At present, there are limitations to the treatment of stiff person syndrome (SPS). Current treatments are still ineffective or financially burdensome for some patients, so it is imperative to explore more appropriate treatments for patients. This is a case report of a SPS with a more significant effect of combined Chinese and Western medicine, which may provide new treatment ideas for other patients.

Patient concerns:

This patient presented with episodes of stiffness and pain in the lower back and lower extremities. His electromyography shows continued activation of normal motor units in the paraspinal and abdominal muscles. However, relevant laboratory tests including glutamic acid decarboxylase antibody and Amphiphysin antibody were negative. After a period of treatment including clonazepam, baclofen, prednisone and intravenous immunoglobulin, this patient experiences a shortened maintenance period of medication, accompanied by symptoms such as emotional anxiety and cognitive decline, which severely affects his life.

Diagnoses:

This patient was diagnosed with SPS.

Interventions:

In May 2022 the patient decided to combine Chinese medicine for simultaneous treatment.

Outcomes:

During the period of simultaneous treatment with Chinese and Western medicine, the patient experienced remission of clinical symptoms, reduction of concomitant symptoms and improved quality of life.

conclusion:

A combination of Western and Chinese medicine was effective in relieving this patient pain and stiffness and reducing the patient anxiety. Combined Chinese and Western medicine treatment may be able to bring better results to more patients with stiff person syndrome.