bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Exciton coupling chirality in helicene-porphyrin conjugates
Authors: Dhbaibi Kais , Matozzo Paola , Abella Laura , Jean Marion , Vanthuyne Nicolas , Autschbach Jochen , Favereau Ludovic , Crassous Jeanne
Published: September 2021

Helicenes decorated with porphyrines display strong exciton coupling circular dichroism signature in the Soret band and far-red CPL.
Effect of the pulling, crystal and crucible rotation rate on the thermal stress and the melt–crystal interface in the Czochralski growth of germanium crystals
Authors: Saadatirad Mahboobeh , Tavakoli Mohammad Hossein , Khodamoradi Hossein , Masharian Seyedeh Razieh
Published: September 2021

The effect of the pulling rate on the melt–crystal interface shape and melt streamline is investigated.
Screening of transition metal doped copper clusters for CO2 activation
Authors: Szalay Máté , Buzsáki Dániel , Barabás Júlia , Faragó Endre , Janssens Ewald , Nyulászi László , Höltzl Tibor
Published: September 2021

Activation of CO2 is the first step towards its reduction to more useful chemicals.
Optical pressure and temperature sensing properties of Nd3+:YTaO4
Authors: Zhou Pengyu , Zhang Qingli , Dou Xiuming , Wang Jian , Sun Baoquan , Shen Yuhua , Liu Bao , Han Dandan
Published: September 2021

Pressure- and temperature-dependent luminescence measurements indicate that two emission lines from the 3F3/2(R2,1) → 4I9/2(Z5) transitions of M′-phase Nd3+:YTaO4 have promising sensing properties in the near-infrared spectral range.
Current advances in bio-fabricated quantum dots emphasising the study of mechanisms to diversify their catalytic and biomedical applications
Authors: Mahle Reddhy , Kumbhakar Partha , Nayar Divya , Narayanan Tharangattu N. , Kumar Sadasivuni Kishor , Tiwary Chandra Sekhar , Banerjee Rintu
Published: September 2021

Recent progress in the bio-mediated preparation of quantum dots as a greener and efficacious approach towards their surface functionalization in light of their varied applications is summarised.
Quantitative calculation of a confocal synchrotron radiation micro-X-ray fluorescence imaging technique and application on individual fluid inclusion
Authors: Lin Xiao-Sheng , Zhang Li-Li , Xu Jiu-Hua , He Yan , Zheng Yi , Yan Shuai , Liang Dong-Xu , Li Ai-Guo
Published: September 2021

Elemental distribution representations at varying depths by the confocal μ-SRXRF imaging technique are effectively compensated for after quantitative calculation.
Correction: Gold plasmonic enhanced luminescence of silica encapsulated semiconductor hetero-nanoplatelets
Authors: Garcia Emilio , Arnold Christophe , Hermier Jean-Pierre , D’Amico Michele
Published: September 2021

Correction for ‘Gold plasmonic enhanced luminescence of silica encapsulated semiconductor hetero-nanoplatelets’ by Emilio Garcia et al., Nanoscale Adv., 2021, 3, 4572–4578, DOI: 10.1039/D1NA00273B.
Construction of MoO2@MoS2heterostructuresin situon carbon cloth for the hydrogen evolution reaction
Authors: Tian Jingyang , Yang Chundi , Liu Zhirui , Li Funan , He Xiao , Chen Wei , Xia Nan Nan , Lin Chong
Published: September 2021

MoO2@MoS2heterostructuresin situgrown on carbon cloth were developed for efficient hydrogen evolution reaction.
Electrode effects on the observability of destructive quantum interference in single-molecule junctions
Authors: Sengul Ozlem , Valli Angelo , Stadler Robert
Published: September 2021

Understanding the effects of different electrodes on destructive quantum interference to guide the interpretation of transport measurements.
Integration of zirconium-based metal–organic framework with CdS for enhanced photocatalytic conversion of CO2 to CO
Authors: Wang Hai-Ning , Zou Yan-Hong , Fu Yao-Mei , Meng Xing , Xue Li , Sun Hong-Xu , Su Zhong-Min
Published: September 2021

A family of heterojunction photocatalysts based on CdS and UiO-66-NH2 have been designed and applied for the photocatalytic reduction of CO2, which exhibit excellent photocatalytic reduction performances and a high selectivity towards CO.
One-way rotation of a chemically anchored single molecule-rotor
Authors: Eisenhut Frank , Kühne Tim , Monsalve Jorge , Srivastava Saurabh , Ryndyk Dmitry A. , Cuniberti Gianaurelio , Aiboudi Oumaima , Lissel Franziska , Zobač Vladimír , Robles Roberto , Lorente Nicolás , Joachim Christian , Moresco Francesca
Published: September 2021

Superimposed STM images of the six stable rotation stations of a DMBI-P molecule during a step by step clockwise rotation induced by voltage pulses (V = 0.5 V, I = 0.5 nA, t = 10 s).
Double-network shape memory organohydrogel prepared by one-pot polymerization
Authors: Liu Ya , Wang Li , Lu Hongsheng , Huang Zhiyu
Published: September 2021

The organohydrogel PDLH was prepared by one-pot polymerization. Due to stiff organogel domains and the highly elastic DN hydrogel matrix, PDLH shows higher mechanical properties than SN organohydrogel and exhibits excellent shape memory behavior.
Quinolinophenothiazine as an electron rich fragment for high efficiency RGB single-layer phosphorescent organic light-emitting diodes
Authors: Lucas Fabien , Tondelier Denis , Geffroy Bernard , Heiser Thomas , Ibraikulov Olzhas A. , Quinton Cassandre , Brouillac Clément , Leclerc Nicolas , Rault-Berthelot Joëlle , Poriel Cyril
Published: September 2021

We report a high efficiency host material constructed on a quinolinophenothiazine core for RGB single-layer phosphorescent organic light emitting diodes.
Newly designed analogues from SARS-CoV inhibitors mimicking the druggable properties against SARS-CoV-2 and its novel variants
Authors: Ferdous Nadim , Reza Mahjerin Nasrin , Islam Md. Shariful , Hossain Emon Md. Tabassum , Mohiuddin A. K. M. , Hossain Mohammad Uzzal
Published: September 2021

Three designed inhibitors with potential inhibition efficacy against the emerging variants of SARS coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2).
Fabrication optimization and application of 3D hybrid SERS substrates
Authors: Geng Xiaoyuan , Wu Chen , Liu Siying , Han Yu , Song Liang , Zhang Yun
Published: September 2021

The SERS effect of 3D hybrid substrate composed of AuNS and AuNO can be adjusted by changing the size and location of nanoparticles in the substrate, and SERS effect of the optimized substrate was better than that prepared by single nanoparticles.
In situ synthesis of holey g-C3N4 nanosheets decorated by hydroxyapatite nanospheres as efficient visible light photocatalyst
Authors: Chahkandi Mohammad , Zargazi Mahboobeh , Ahmadi Afsaneh , Koushki Ehsan , Ghasedi Arman
Published: September 2021

The interesting g-C3N4 nanosheet morphology has drawn huge attention in photocatalytic applications because of its special features.
Understanding liquid–liquid equilibria in binary mixtures of hydrocarbons with a thermally robust perarylphosphonium-based ionic liquid
Authors: Bandlamudi Santosh R. P. , McGehee Jimmie L. , Mando Albaraa D. , Soltani Mohammad , Turner C. Heath , Davis James H. , West Kevin N. , Rabideau Brooks D.
Published: September 2021

Binary mixtures of hydrocarbons and a thermally robust ionic liquid (IL) incorporating a perarylphosphonium-based cation are investigated experimentally and computationally.
Electrochemical biomass upgrading: degradation of glucose to lactic acid on a copper(ii) electrode
Authors: Ostervold Lars , Perez Bakovic Sergio I. , Hestekin Jamie , Greenlee Lauren F.
Published: September 2021

Biomass upgrading – the conversion of biomass waste into value-added products – provides a possible solution to reduce global dependency on nonrenewable resources.
A new phase transfer nanocatalyst NiFe2O4–PEG for removal of dibenzothiophene by an ultrasound assisted oxidative process: kinetics, thermodynamic study and experimental design
Authors: Vafaee Fahimeh , Jahangiri Mansour , Salavati-Niasari Masoud
Published: September 2021

In this study, NiFe2O4–PEG, an effective nanocatalyst was synthesized via a hydrothermal method using different PEG concentrations and synthesis times.
Recent advances in heterogeneous catalysis for the nonoxidative conversion of methane
Authors: Zhang Tianyu
Published: September 2021

The direct conversion of methane to high-value chemicals is an attractive process that efficiently uses abundant natural/shale gas to provide an energy supply.
Constructing catalyst knowledge networks from catalyst big data in oxidative coupling of methane for designing catalysts
Authors: Takahashi Lauren , Nguyen Thanh Nhat , Nakanowatari Sunao , Fujiwara Aya , Taniike Toshiaki , Takahashi Keisuke
Published: September 2021

Catalyst data created through high-throughput experimentation is transformed into catalyst knowledge networks, leading to a new method of catalyst design where successfully designed catalysts result in high C2yields during the OCM reaction.
Molecular bixbyite-like In12-oxo clusters with tunable functionalization sites for lithography patterning applications
Authors: Yi Xiaofeng , Wang Di , Li Fan , Zhang Jian , Zhang Lei
Published: September 2021

Bixbyite-like In12-oxo clusters with labile coordination sites show tunable solubility, varying film quality and distinct lithography patterning performance.
Phase formation and ionic conduction in Na-doped Sr2MgSi2O7 melilite-type silicate
Authors: Zhang Wenda , Feng Jie , Lu Fengqi , Fernández-Carrión Alberto J. , Fu Hui , Kuang Xiaojun
Published: September 2021

Multiple complementary characterization studies indicate that the Sr2−xNaxMgSi2O7−0.5x compositions formed mixed crystalline Sr2MgSi2O7 and Na-containing glassy phases and the ionic conduction could be contributed by the Na+ ions instead of the O2− ions.
High resolution electrochemical additive manufacturing of microstructured active materials: case study of MoSxas a catalyst for the hydrogen evolution reaction
Authors: Iffelsberger Christian , Pumera Martin
Published: September 2021

It is demonstrate that following the principle of additive manufacturing, in high-resolution electrochemical additive manufacturing, MoSxstructures can be constructed by electrochemically driven, localized and layered deposition of material.
A progressive journey into 2D-chalcogenide/carbide/nitride-based broadband photodetectors: recent developments and future perspectives
Authors: Maity Sukhendu , Sarkar Krishnendu , Kumar Praveen
Published: September 2021

Application of 2D-materials for broadband photodetection has been reviewed, covering synthesis, exfoliation, assembly, device configurations, heterojunction with other 3D/2D materials, along with flexible substrates and self-powered operation.
Digoxin exerts anticancer activity on human nonsmall cell lung cancer cells by blocking PI3K/Akt pathway
Authors: Wang Yingying , Hou Yongqiang , Hou Lanjiao , Wang Wei , Li Ke , Zhang Zhe , Du Bo , Kong Dexin
Published: September 2021

Lung cancer remains the leading cause of cancer mortality because of its metastatic potential and high malignancy. The discovery of new applications for old drugs is a shortcut for cancer therapy. We recently investigated the antitumor effect of digoxin, a well-established drug for treating heart failure, against nonsmall cell lung cancer A549 and H1299 cells. Digoxin inhibited the proliferation and colony-forming ability of the two cell lines and arrested the cell cycle at the G0/G1 phase in A549 cells and the G2/M phase in H1299 cells. Mitochondria-mediated apoptosis was induced in A549 cells but not in H1299 cells after treatment with digoxin. Moreover, digoxin inhibited the migration, invasion, adhesion and epithelial–mesenchymal transition of A549 and H1299 cells. Autophagy was induced in both cell lines after treatment with digoxin, with an increase in autophagosome foci. In addition, digoxin inhibited the phosphorylation of Akt, mTOR and p70S6K, signaling molecules of the PI3K/Akt pathway that are known to be involved in tumor cell survival, proliferation, metastasis and autophagy. Our findings suggest that digoxin has the potential to be used for therapy for human nonsmall cell lung cancer, but further evidence is required.
A sticky situation: regulation and function of protein palmitoylation with a spotlight on the axon and axon initial segment
Authors: Petropavlovskiy Andrey A. , Kogut Jordan A. , Leekha Arshia , Townsend Charlotte A. , Sanders Shaun S.
Published: September 2021

In neurons, the axon and axon initial segment (AIS) are critical structures for action potential initiation and propagation. Their formation and function rely on tight compartmentalisation, a process where specific proteins are trafficked to and retained at distinct subcellular locations. One mechanism which regulates protein trafficking and association with lipid membranes is the modification of protein cysteine residues with the 16-carbon palmitic acid, known as S-acylation or palmitoylation. Palmitoylation, akin to phosphorylation, is reversible, with palmitate cycling being mediated by substrate-specific enzymes. Palmitoylation is well-known to be highly prevalent among neuronal proteins and is well studied in the context of the synapse. Comparatively, how palmitoylation regulates trafficking and clustering of axonal and AIS proteins remains less understood. This review provides an overview of the current understanding of the biochemical regulation of palmitoylation, its involvement in various neurological diseases, and the most up-to-date perspective on axonal palmitoylation. Through a palmitoylation analysis of the AIS proteome, we also report that an overwhelming proportion of AIS proteins are likely palmitoylated. Overall, our review and analysis confirm a central role for palmitoylation in the formation and function of the axon and AIS and provide a resource for further exploration of palmitoylation-dependent protein targeting to and function at the AIS.
Clinical Considerations for Routine Auditory and Vestibular Monitoring in Patients With Cystic Fibrosis
Authors: Garinis Angela C. , Poling Gayla L. , Rubenstein Ronald C. , Konrad-Martin Dawn , Hullar Timothy E. , Baguley David M. , Burrows Holly L. , Chisholm Jennifer A. , Custer Amy , Hawe Laura Dreisbach , Hunter Lisa L. , Marras Theodore K. , Ortiz Candice E. , Petersen Lucretia , Steyger Peter S. , Winthrop Kevin , Zettner Erika M. , Clark Khaya , Hungerford Michelle , Vachhani Jay J. , Brewer Carmen C.
Published: September 2021

Purpose

Specific classes of antibiotics, such as aminoglycosides, have well-established adverse events producing permanent hearing loss, tinnitus, and balance and/or vestibular problems (i.e., ototoxicity). Although these antibiotics are frequently used to treat
pseudomonas
and other bacterial infections in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF), there are no formalized recommendations describing approaches to implementation of guideline adherent ototoxicity monitoring as part of CF clinical care.

Method

This consensus statement was developed by the International Ototoxicity Management Working Group (IOMG) Ad Hoc Committee on Aminoglycoside Antibiotics to address the clinical need for ototoxicity management in CF patients treated with known ototoxic medications. These clinical protocol considerations were created using consensus opinion from a community of international experts and available evidence specific to patients with CF, as well as published national and international guidelines on ototoxicity monitoring.

Results

The IOMG advocates four clinical recommendations for implementing routine and guideline adherent ototoxicity management in patients with CF. These are (a) including questions about hearing, tinnitus, and balance/vestibular problems as part of the routine CF case history for all patients; (b) utilizing timely point-of-care measures; (c) establishing a baseline and conducting posttreatment evaluations for each course of intravenous ototoxic drug treatment; and (d) repeating annual hearing and vestibular evaluations for all patients with a history of ototoxic antibiotic exposure.

Conclusion

Increased efforts for implementation of an ototoxicity management program in the CF care team model will improve identification of ototoxicity signs and symptoms, allow for timely therapeutic follow-up, and provide the clinician and patient an opportunity to make an informed decision about potential treatment modifications to minimize adverse events.

Supplemental Material

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.16624366
The Contribution of Age, Working Memory Capacity, and Inhibitory Control on Speech Recognition in Noise in Young and Older Adult Listeners
Authors: Stenbäck Victoria , Marsja Erik , Hällgren Mathias , Lyxell Björn , Larsby Birgitta
Published: September 2021

Purpose

The study aimed to investigate the relationship between speech recognition in noise, age, hearing ability, self-rated listening effort, inhibitory control (measured with the Swedish Hayling task), and working memory capacity (WMC; measured with the Reading Span test). Two different speech materials were used: the Hagerman test with low semantic context and Hearing in Noise Test sentences with high semantic context, masked with either energetic or informational maskers.

Method

A mixed design was used. Twenty-four young normally hearing (
M
age
= 25.6 years) and 24 older, for their age, normally hearing individuals (
M
age
= 60.6 years) participated in the study. Speech recognition in noise in both speech materials and self-rated effort in all four background maskers were correlated with inhibitory control and WMC. A linear mixed-effects model was set up to assess differences between the two different speech materials, the four different maskers used in the study, and if age and hearing ability affected performance in the speech materials or the various background noises.

Results

Results showed that high WMC was related to lower scores of self-rated listening effort for informational maskers, as well as better performance in speech recognition in noise when informational maskers were used. The linear mixed-effects model revealed differences in performance between the low-context and the high-context speech materials, and the various maskers used. Lastly, inhibitory control had some impact on performance in the low-context speech material when masked with an informational masker.

Conclusion

Different background noises, especially informational maskers, affect speech recognition and self-rated listening effort differently depending on age, hearing ability, and individual variation in WMC and inhibitory control.
Improved Q‐learning algorithm for solving permutation flow shop scheduling problems
Authors: He Zimiao , Wang Kunlan , Li Hanxiao , Song Hong , Lin Zhongjie , Gao Kaizhou , Sadollah Ali
Published: September 2021

Generally, scheduling problems refer to allocation of available shared resources and the sorting of production tasks, in order to satisfy the specified performance target within a certain time. The fundamental scheduling problem is that all jobs need to be processed on the same route, which is called flow shop scheduling problems (FSSP). The goal of FSSP, proven as an NP‐hard problem, is to find a job sequence that minimizes the makespan. In this paper, an improved Q‐learning algorithm is proposed for solving the FSSP. Firstly, a problem model based on the basic Q‐learning algorithm is constructed. The makespan is used as the feedback signal, and the process of environmental state change is defined as the process of job selection. Q‐learning gives the expected utility of taking a given action in a given state. Afterwards, combined with the NEH heuristic, the algorithm efficiency is enhanced by changing the job inserting mode. In order to validate the proposed method, several simulation experiments are carried out on a set of test problems having different scales. The obtained optimization results of the proposed algorithm are compared to the standard Q‐learning algorithm and a hybrid algorithm. The discussion and analysis show that the proposed algorithm performs better than the others in solving the permutation FSSP. As a future direction, in order to shorten the running time, further improvements will be studied to increase the performance of the proposed algorithm and make it applicable and efficient for solving multi‐objective optimization problems.
Timing argument take on the Milky Way and Andromeda past encounter
Authors: Benisty David
Published: September 2021

The two-body problem of the M 31 and Milky Way (MW) galaxies with a cosmological constant background is studied, with an emphasis on the possibility that they experienced a past encounter (PE). Past encounters are possible only for a nonzero transverse velocity, and their viability is subject to observations of the imprints of such near collisions. By implementing the timing argument (TA) for two isolated point bodies, it is shown that if M 31 and the MW had experienced a PE, then the predicted mass of the Local Group (LG) would be twice larger. This predicted mass is too large and implies that the MW and M 31 galaxies would have collided at ∼8 Gys. Therefore, the TA analysis shows that a PE is not possible for the LG system.
Structural style of the Languedoc Pyrenean thrust belt in relation with the inherited Mesozoic structures and with the rifting of the Gulf of Lion margin, southern France
Authors: Hemelsdaël Romain , Séranne Michel , Husson Eglantine , Ballas Grégory
Published: September 2021

The E-trending Pyrenean orogen results from the inversion of the mid-Cretaceous rift structures responding to an overall N-S extension, as suggested by the balanced and restored cross-sections oriented normal to the orogen. However, oblique convergence/divergence that involve strain partitioning and arcuate segments of the orogen prevent simple tectonic restorations. The Languedoc region (southern France) provides a case study of a complex polyphase deformation involving a range of reactivated structures and cross-cutting relationships, acquired in response to varying tectonic stresses with different orientations. We analyze and correlate the onshore-offshore structures of the Languedoc region, based on reassessment of existing and newly acquired subsurface data. New results in the poorly documented coastal area point to the existence of unrecognized major structures that improves onshore-offshore correlations. Our results show: (i) the part played by the Mesozoic (Early Jurassic, then mid-Cretaceous) extensional phases in the development and the localization of Pyrenean-related contractional structures; (ii) the control of inherited crustal structure on the later Oligocene rifting of the Gulf of Lion. This restoration of the Pyrenean shortening and Oligocene rifting, constructed along sections (approximately perpendicular to each other) indicates minimum shortening of 28 km and extension of 14 km, respectively, in the Languedoc foreland. Integration of the Pyrenean structural framework of Languedoc reveals a wide, NE-trending transfer zone linking the eastern Pyrénées to Provence.
Efficient Control of a Three Phase Grid Connected PV System
Authors: Bahri Hicham , Bahri Mohamed , Aboulfatah Mohamed , Guisser M’hammed , Mohammed El malah , Adekanle Oluwaseun Simon
Published: September 2021

This paper presents a new control strategy of a photovoltaic system, which consists of a photovoltaic generator PVG coupled to a three phase load and three phase grid by a three phase voltage source inverter VSI without DC-DC converter. The controller is designed by using Backstepping method based on d-q transformation of a new model of the global system. The main goals of this control strategy are to achieve the maximum power point MPPT with very good precision and the unity power factor in level of the grid power flow. Mathematical analysis demonstrate the asymptotic stability of the controlled system and simulation results proved that the controller has achieved all the objectives with high dynamic performance in presence of atmospheric condition changes. Moreover, the proposed controller shows a very good robustness under system disturbance, which presents the most important advantage of this controller compared to the other control strategies. Furthermore, this controller can operate with a high efficiency with any kind of the load.
Virtual and Augmented Reality in school context: A literature review
Authors: Brij Yassine , Belhadaoui Hicham
Published: September 2021

Virtual and Augmented reality has established itself in many sectors including education. The virtual is progressively entering the classrooms. MOOCs (Massive Open Online Course), those online interactive lessons available for all, are useful tools to complete the traditional school system. There are also more and more e-learning platforms that propose online lessons and follow-up for any student. Immersive contents appear as playful alternatives to traditional lectures. But, the integration of VR/AR equipment in classrooms raises questions. What is the place of augmented and virtual reality in education and teaching? In order to be able to answer this important question, our article takes place as the result of a literature review on the field of virtual and augmented reality in education. Our objective, first of all, to deepen our knowledge domain in order to provide the necessary answers to « the question », and, secondly, to identify principles that can guide the design of educational artefacts in virtual and augmented reality. The methodology of the literature review is based on the EPPI method (Evidence for Policy and Practice Information and Co-ordinating). Results will be presented by themes such as motivation, immersion, collaboration, and design.
Disparity estimation using Graph cuts for road applications
Authors: El Ansari Mohamed , El Jaafari Ilyas , Koutti Lahcen
Published: September 2021

This paper proposes a new edge based stereo matching approach for road applications. The new approach consists in matching the edge points extracted from the input stereo images using temporal constraints. At the current frame, we propose to estimate a disparity range for each image line based on the disparity map of its preceding one. The stereo images are divided into multiple parts according to the estimated disparity ranges. The optimal solution of each part is independently approximated via the state-of-the-art energy minimization approach Graph cuts. The disparity search space at each image part is very small compared to the global one, which improves the results and reduces the execution time. Furthermore, as a similarity criterion between corresponding edge points, we propose a new cost function based on the intensity, the gradient magnitude and gradient orientation. The proposed method has been tested on virtual stereo images, and it has been compared to a recently proposed method and the results are satisfactory.
Real time monitoring of water Quality using IoT and Deep learning
Authors: Senhaji Saloua , Hamlich Mohamed , Ouazzani Jamil Mohammed
Published: September 2021

Access to safe drinking water is one of the most pressing issues facing many developing countries. Water must meet Environmental Protection Agency (E.P.A.) requirements. The normal method of measuring physico-chemical parameters is to take samples manually and send them to the laboratory to check the water quality. In this paper, we proposed a new intelligent design of a real-time water quality monitoring system using Deep Learning technology. This system is composed of several sensors that allow us to measure water parameters (physico-chemical parameters), bacteriological parameters and organoleptic parameters) and to detect the presence of certain substances (undesirable substances, toxic substances) and of a single-board/mobile computer module, Internet and other accessories. Water parameters are automatically detected by the single-board computer. Raspberry Pi3 model B. The single board computer receives the data from the sensors and this data is sent to the web server using the Internet module. It is able to detect the water quality situation worldwide. The data will be analysed in real time. The application of deep learning to these areas has been an important research topic. The Long-Short Term Memory (LSTM) network has been shown to be well suited for processing and predicting large events with long intervals and delays in the time series. LSTM networks have the ability to retain long-term memory.
Performance comparison of communication protocol algorithms in WSN based agriculture: PlanTech case study
Authors: Kaissari Soufiane , El Abkari Safae , Jilbab Abdelilah , Bourouhou Abdennaser
Published: September 2021

Wireless sensor networks (WSN) have become increasingly important in agriculture in recent years because they provide critical tools for better decision-making (knowledge -collection- storage- analysis-dissemination of data). These technologies provide resources for making informed decisions and implementing control measures on time. They are also essential tools for understanding the effects of climate change on agriculture, such as shrinking arable land and providing solutions to mitigate the negative consequences of these phenomena. In this paper, we propose a model based on WSN for the supervision of agricultural data. We investigate the impact of deterministic, random, and selective CH routing protocols on the network’s lifetime, residual energy, and exchanged information quantity. The deterministic CH protocol showed significant results in terms of the number of functional nodes and the energy consumption in the network. Thus, the selective CH protocol outperformed both protocols regarding the quantity of exchanged data in the network.
The Implementation of Kruskal’s Algorithm for Minimum Spanning Tree in a Graph
Authors: Paryati  , Salahddine Krit
Published: September 2021

Kruskal’s Algorithm is an algorithm used to find the minimum spanning tree in graphical connectivity that provides the option to continue processing the least-weighted margins. In the Kruskal algorithm, ordering the weight of the ribs makes it easy to find the shortest path. This algorithm is independent in nature which will facilitate and improve path creation. Based on the results of the application system trials that have been carried out in testing and comparisons between the Kruskal algorithm and the Dijkstra algorithm, the following conclusions can be drawn: that a strength that is the existence of weight sorting will facilitate the search for the shortest path. And considering the characteristics of Kruskal’s independent algorithm, it will facilitate and improve the formation of the path. The weakness of the Kruskal algorithm is that if the number of nodes is very large, it will be slower than Dijkstra’s algorithm because it has to sort thousands of vertices first, then form a path.
Augmenting integrity and scalability in mobile payment applications using blockchain
Authors: David Shibin , Kathrine Jaspher W , Martin Sagayam K , Salahddine Krit
Published: September 2021

The transactional information from the mobile wallets is offloaded from the mobile device to the mobile transaction server. The transaction involves various communication standards, confidential transaction information to ensure flawless transaction of data. There exist several encryption techniques to preserve confidentiality, hashing schemes to prove the integrity, signature schemes to prove the identity in the mobile transaction using mobile wallet applications. Even though mobile wallet possesses secure algorithms, the transactions are facing security issues such as double spending, lack of dispute redressal issue, lack of forward secrecy, lack of anonymity in the transaction and security. Therefore, Blockchain based Mobile transaction Scheme is proposed to solve the security issues including integrity, double spending and improve scalability. This paper presents a strategy which implements blockchain framework by using irreversible keys for mobile wallet applications. The proposed scheme proves to be secure against the security attacks and enhances integrity and scalability compared to the existing schemes.
Using machine learning to examine preservice teachers’ perceptions of their digital competence
Authors: Benaoui Ahmed , Kassimi My Abdellah
Published: September 2021

This research paper’s aim was to investigate both the pre-service teachers’ perceptions of their digital competence and if gender, type of the bachelor’s degree and age made the opinions different or not. To do so, the clustering analysis method was employed to analyze the areas and items of the digital competence questionnaires used as a data collection technique. The study group included 291 participants who are now teacher-trainees in Draa-Tafilalte Regional Teacher-Training Center in Errachidia and Ouarzazate in the south-east of Morocco. In so doing, a number of results attained and basically confirmed that the level of the teacher-trainees’ digital competence was low or weak and that the three parameters (the type of the bachelor’s degree, gender and age) played a significant role in shaping different opinions on their digital competence. This paper ended with some major implications that were drawn from the findings of this study in our bid to highlight some needs of the pre-service teachers that should be met in their training courses and related activities to develop their digital competence in teaching and learning process.
Methodological approach in management and quality sciences
Authors: Dźwigoł Henryk
Published: September 2021

The article presents methodological approach in management and quality sciences. Quantitative research aims to test hypothesised relationships between variables. Three areas can be identified for assessing the methodological rigour of this type of research: (1) theories relating to phenomena; (2) measures of concepts explaining the phenomena; (3) the reality analysed. it was found that the idiographic approach predominates in the group of theoreticians and represents 59.6 % (239 indications). The nomothetic approach, on the other hand, is used less frequently, accounting for 40.4 % of the responses (162 indications).
The importance of digitalization in the education process
Authors: Ciarko Marta , Paluch-Dybek Agnieszka
Published: September 2021

Ubiquitous digitization is a domain of the community that seems to be increasingly visible in the education process. It can bring many benefits not only to students but also to other entities. Knowledge is one of the most important values. It is largely the basis of the modern economy – Knowledge Based Economy (GOW). The education process is one of the most important factors influencing the civilization level of the society, and teaching is a process consisting primarily of activities that lead mainly to the organization and direct management of the learning process, aimed at creating conditions conducive to learning, and is related to the teacher's personality and work. Both the literature on the subject and observations of the education market clearly indicate that the issues related to digitization and its importance in the education process should be considered in the context of teacher's work at school. The article focuses on the teaching process in the context of organizing a teacher's workshop at school, and to a lesser extent on teacher's qualifications and professional competences. Moreover, attention was focused on issues related to the problems of equipping schools with high technology teaching aids.
Quality of education and socio-economic growth: The methods of Ishikawa, Deming and Pareto as tools for establishing cause-effect relationships
Authors: Artyukhov Artem , Lyeonov Sergii , Vasylieva Tetyana , Polcyn Jan
Published: September 2021

The article is devoted to selecting the methods of finding the cause-effect relationships in simulating the system “quality education” and to determining the factors influencing the quality of education in the socioeconomic development of both the university and education stakeholders. The rationale for selecting the tools for studying cause-and-effect relationships in modelling the system is formulated. It is shown that for the system “quality of education” it is possible to use analysis tools that were previously inherent only in technical systems. An integrated approach to assessment using the Pareto method, Ishikawa method, cycle and Deming principles is proposed. Each stage of studying cause-and-effect relationships is considered; the relationship between the stages and the tools used is shown. The consistent application of these tools for the “quality of education” system has not yet been implemented, which determines the novelty of this work. As a result of implementing such a complex algorithm, the system approaches the external quality assessment in its optimal state with a clearly expressed optimization criterion and methods of achieving it.
Benefits of the on-line healthcare services
Authors: Vovk Viktoriia , Kister Agnieszka
Published: September 2021

A business model is a key tool for companies and their employees to achieve market success. It can be used by healthcare providers, though this is not a common practice. While the number of publications about business models is growing, there is no universal description of a model which can be used by hospitals. The purpose of this article is to present a new business model on the healthcare market, launching of which will be accompanied by an adjustment of the value linkage and aims to generate a sustainable competitive advantage. This proposal for a business model is based on the analysis of business models available in the literature for healthcare providers and of business models for service companies. The business model proposed serves as a main key to achieving market success by entities and their employees. The healthcare providers delivering medical services through digital technologies improve communication between doctors and patients, employees of the healthcare services and stakeholders. These technologies increase patients’ quality of life and have a special meaning to increase their overall health. The digital business model provides increased values to the patients which manifests itself in service reliability information and customer focus.
TiO2-supported Au144 nanoclusters for enhanced sonocatalytic performance
Authors: Kawamura Kouhei , Ikeda Atsuya , Inui Ayaka , Yamamoto Ken , Kawasaki Hideya
Published: September 2021

The production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as hydroxyl radicals, by ultrasonic activation of semiconductor nanoparticles (NPs), including TiO2, has excellent potential for use in sonodynamic therapy and for the sonocatalytic degradation of pollutants. However, TiO2 NPs have limitations including low yields of generated ROS that result from fast electron–hole recombination. In this study, we first investigated the sonocatalytic activity of TiO2-supported Au nanoclusters (NCs) (Au NCs/TiO2) by monitoring the production of hydroxyl radicals (•OH) under ultrasonication conditions. The deposition of Au144 NCs on TiO2 NPs was found to enhance sonocatalytic activity for •OH production by approximately a factor of 2. Electron–hole recombination in ultrasonically excited TiO2 NPs is suppressed by Au144 NCs acting as an electron trap; this charge separation resulted in enhanced •OH production. In contrast, the deposition of Au25 NCs on TiO2 NPs resulted in lower sonocatalytic activity due to less charge separation, which highlights the effectiveness of combining Au144 NCs with TiO2 NPs for enhancing sonocatalytic activity. The sonocatalytic action that forms electron–hole pairs on the Au144/TiO2 catalyst is due to both heat and sonoluminescence from the implosive collapse of cavitation bubbles. Consequently, the ultrasonically excited Au144 (3 wt. %)/TiO2 catalyst exhibited higher catalytic activity for the production of •OH because of less light shadowing effect, in contrast to the lower catalytic activity when irradiated with only external light.
Reduction of g-factor due to Rashba effect in graphene
Authors: Shrestha Amit , Higuchi Katsuhiko , Yoshida Shunsuke , Higuchi Masahiko
Published: September 2021

Graphene is a highly promising material in the field of spin electronics. Recent experiments on electron spin resonance have observed a reduction in the g-factor of graphene. In our previous paper [J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. 88, 094707 (2019)], we demonstrated that one of sources for this reduction is the diamagnetic property of graphene. However, the diamagnetic property by itself does not fully account for the magnitude of the reduction observed in the experiments. In this paper, we focus on the Rashba effect, which is caused by the work function existing near the surface of graphene. The Rashba effect tilts the spin magnetic moment to the in-plane direction of the graphene sheet, potentially reducing the g-factor. We evaluate this reduction using a simple model system incorporating the Rashba and spin Zeeman effects. We then demonstrate that the resultant g-factor is in close agreement with that observed in the prior experiments, indicating that the Rashba effect is able to account for the remaining reduction in the g-factor of graphene.
On application of stochastic differential equations for simulation of nonlinear wave–particle resonant interactions
Authors: Lukin A. S. , Artemyev A. V. , Petrukovich A. A.
Published: September 2021

Long-term simulations of energetic electron fluxes in many space plasma systems require accounting for two groups of processes with well separated time-scales: a microphysics of electron resonant scattering by electromagnetic waves and a macrophysics of electron adiabatic heating/transport by mesoscale plasma flows. Examples of such systems are Earth's radiation belts and Earth's bow shock, where ion-scale plasma injections and cross-shock electric fields determine a general electron energization, whereas electron scattering by waves relaxes anisotropy of electron distributions and produces small populations of high-energy electrons. The application of stochastic differential equations is a promising approach for including effects of resonant wave–particle interaction into codes tracing electrons in models of large-scale electromagnetic fields. This study proposes and verifies such equations for the system with non-diffusive wave–particle interactions, i.e., the system with nonlinear effects of phase trapping and bunching. We consider electron resonances with intense electrostatic whistler-mode waves often observed in the Earth's radiation belts. We demonstrate that nonlinear resonant effects can be described by stochastic differential equations with the non-Gaussian probability distribution of random variations of electron energies.
Determination of kinetic properties in unimolecular dissociation of complex systems from graph theory based analysis of an ensemble of reactive trajectories
Authors: Perez-Mellor Ariel F. , Spezia Riccardo
Published: September 2021

In this paper, we report how graph theory can be used to analyze an ensemble of independent molecular trajectories, which can react during the simulation time-length, and obtain structural and kinetic information. This method is totally general and here is applied to the prototypical case of gas phase fragmentation of protonated cyclo-di-glycine. This methodology allows us to analyze the whole set of trajectories in an automatic computer-based way without the need of visual inspection but by getting all the needed information. In particular, we not only determine the appearance of different products and intermediates but also characterize the corresponding kinetics. The use of colored graph and canonical labeling allows for the correct characterization of the chemical species involved. In the present case, the simulations consist of an ensemble of unimolecular fragmentation trajectories at constant energy such that from the rate constants at different energies, the threshold energy can also be obtained for both global and specific pathways. This approach allows for the characterization of ion–molecule complexes, likely through a roaming mechanism, by properly taking into account the elusive nature of such species. Finally, it is possible to directly obtain the theoretical mass spectrum of the fragmenting species if the reacting system is an ion as in the specific example.
Intruding gravity currents and re-circulation in a rotating frame: Laboratory experiments
Authors: Negretti M. Eletta , Tucciarone Francesco L. , Wirth Achim
Published: September 2021

We present experimental results of rotating downslope gravity currents performed at the Coriolis Platform in Grenoble, France. A novel experimental design to produce the downslope gravity flow has been employed using an axisymmetric configuration and a uniform flow injection that enabled the study of the long-term evolution of surface baroclinic vortices and of the gravity current, monitoring at the same time the evolution of the global circulation and the vorticity produced in the central deep area. The structure of the current, its relevant scales, and the characteristics of the generated surface vortices fairly agree with previous results in the literature in smaller scale installations. Discrepancies are attributable to the influence of both topographic Rossby waves and viscous effects that are much reduced in the Coriolis platform. Rotating intrusive gravity currents in a two-layer stratified ambient behave very differently from dense currents following the bottom slope. Substantial differences appear for the induced global circulation, which depend on the nature of the intrusion, with a strong influence of the rotation rate. In particular, intruding gravity currents give rise to a strong turbulent environment at intermediate and bottom depths in the central area, with submesoscale vortices (i.e., with a typical size smaller than the Rossby deformation radius) and a large variety of scales. In contrast, when the dense current follows the bottom slope, no significant vorticity production in the bottom and intermediate layers is reported. This clearly suggests that bottom boundary layers detaching from the boundary and propagating toward the ambient interior as in intrusive currents give an important contribution to the turbulence dynamics.
Atomic layer deposition of TiN/Ru gate in InP MOSFETs
Authors: Tseng Hsin-Ying , Fang Yihao , Mitchell William James , Taylor Aidan Arthur , Rodwell Mark J. W.
Published: September 2021

InP channel planar and vertical MOSFETs utilizing atomic layer deposition of a TiN/Ru gate are fabricated. The performance of the TiN/Ru gate is compared to a Ru-only gate based on the C–V characteristics of MOS (metal–oxide–semiconductor) capacitors and peak transconductance (gm) and subthreshold swing (SS) in planar MOSFETs. Compared to devices with the conventional Ni/Au gate metal, these have a 70 mV/dec SS [Tseng et al., in Device Research Conference (IEEE, 2019), pp. 183–184.] and a long gate length; TiN/Ru gate devices exhibit an average 68 mV/dec SS, a record low value of InP, suggesting a high quality, low-damage high-k/InP interface. A record high peak gm of 0.75 mS/μm at VDS = 0.6 V on an InP channel is achieved in a planar gate length (Lg)= 80 nm device. A vertical MOSFET shows a reasonably conformal Ru coverage of the vertical fin and a high 0.42 mS/μm peak gm for a Lg = 50 nm device. The results of planar and vertical MOSFETs show that TiN/Ru gate metallization via atomic layer deposition is promising for non-planar III–V MOS devices.