bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Impacto y satisfacción de un programa de reeducación en alimentación en una consulta de enfermería de trastornos de la conducta alimenticia
Authors: Prieto Ortega José
Published: May 2024

Los trastornos de la conducta alimentaria son una realidad en la sociedad actual. Se hace necesario abordar con nuevas líneas de actuación esta situación con el propósito de frenar o recuperar los casos ya diagnosticados. La Enfermería Especialista de Salud Mental es una herramienta fundamental en la lucha contra esta enfermedad. Este estudio pretende estudiar la validez del programa de reeducación alimentaria puesto en marcha desde la consulta de enfermería. Material y Método: El material utilizado para realizar este estudio ha sido por una parte la cuantificación de las respuestas aportadas por las pacientes a dos encuestas, una previa a la actividad de reeducación y otra posterior a la misma, y por otra la observación cualitativa. Usando un estudio cuasiexperimental, con una intervención de reeducación alimentaria a mujeres con diagnóstico de TCA. Resultados: Han sido muy satisfactorios como demuestran altos porcentajes de aceptación de la actividad por parte de las pacientes como herramienta útil en su educación en salud alimentaria. Conclusión: Estas actividades pueden incluirse dentro de este tipo de consulta por demostrarse ser válidas en la educación para la salud en el ámbito de la gestión de los recursos alimentarios en pacientes con trastorno de la conducta alimentaria.
Classification of some epidemics through microscopic images by using deep learning. Comparison
Authors: Brito Laura , Rodríguez Roberto
Published: May 2024

In this study, we utilized a convolutional neural network (CNN) trained on microscopic images encompassing the SARS-CoV-2 virus, the protozoan parasite “plasmodium falciparum” (causing of malaria in humans), the bacterium “vibrio cholerae” (which produces the cholera disease) and non-infected samples (healthy persons) to effectively classify and predict epidemics. The findings showed promising results in both classification and prediction tasks. We quantitatively compared the obtained results by using CNN with those attained employing the support vector machine. Notably, the accuracy in prediction reached 97.5% when using convolutional neural network algorithms.
On Jordan algebras that are factors of Matsuo algebras
Authors: Gorshkov Ilya , Mamontov Andrey , Staroletov Alexey
Published: May 2024

We describe all finite connected 3-transposition groups whose Matsuo algebras have nontrivial factors that are Jordan algebras. As a corollary, we show that if $\mathbb{F}$ is a field of characteristic 0, then there exist
infinitely many primitive axial algebras of Jordan type $\frac{1}{2}$ over $\mathbb{F}$ that are not factors of Matsuo algebras. As an example, we prove this for an exceptional Jordan algebra over~$\mathbb{F}$.
Active parallel compensation using a power supply with a tunable inductive filter
Authors: Cieplinski Łukasz , Gulczynski Adam
Published: May 2024

Increasing numbers of devices of various types are now connected to power lines. Their nonlinear nature harms the operation of the lines, as the line voltage is distorted from a sine wave, which causes disturbances in the operation of other loads. This study proposes a method of active parallel compensation that can be realised using a power supply. The proposed device is a dual-function system: it supplies the load connected to its DC link, and operates as a parallel active filter. This kind of device, with a relatively low value of the rated output power, could be implemented in electrical systems to provide distributed compensation. The second novel aspect of this work is the use of a tunable inductive filter, which is included at the input of the power electronics controlled current source and forms a main part of the power supply. The use of this tunable inductive filter increases the frequency response of the current source, while at the same time, in the quasi-steady state of power supply operation, the pulse modulation component of the input current source remains at a minimum level. This paper discusses the structure of an electrical system with the proposed power supply and the rules of operation for the system, and presents test results based on both a simulation and a laboratory model of the system.
Influence of electromagnetic transient physical models considering characterization characteristics on capacitive voltage transformers
Authors: Geng Jie , Yang Haiyong , Li Yi , Zhang Xiao , Wangb Yihang
Published: May 2024

The equivalent circuit of traditional capacitive voltage transformers often faces the problem of complex data calculation and difficulty in grasping the internal nonlinear characteristics of transformers when constructing broadband models, resulting in poor power accuracy and stability. Therefore, with the help of electromagnetic transient physical models, the admittance sub model and nonlinear model are established by considering the frequency and saturation characteristics of the transformer. Based on the characteristics of capacitive voltage transformers, the model is processed in parallel to obtain a broadband coupling transformer model. The results showed that the error between the simulated current peak amplitude and voltage results of the model and the measured values was less than 2% and 1%, respectively. In the fault results, the harmonic error of the load voltage of the improved transformer was relatively small, far less than the error result of 2.73% of the traditional transformer. The proposed transformer model can better characterize its characteristics and has good transient response ability, providing reference tools and value for the operation and state detection of power systems.
Multistrain probiotics fail to modulate the asthmatic phenotype, respiratory microbiota, and immune responses in cats
Authors: Remaks Julia D. , Vientos-Plotts Aida I. , Rindt Hansjorg , McAdams Zachary , Ericsson Aaron C. , Reinero Carol R.
Published: May 2024

OBJECTIVE

To determine if multistrain probiotics administered to asthmatic cats treated with anti-inflammatory glucocorticoids would attenuate the asthmatic phenotype and beneficially alter respiratory, blood, and oropharyngeal (OP) microbial communities and immune parameters versus placebo.

ANIMALS

13 client-owned asthmatic cats.

METHODS

A randomized, blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trial of asthmatic cats receiving anti-inflammatory glucocorticoids with oral multistrain probiotics or placebo assessed owner-perceived improvement and airway eosinophilia at baseline and after 2 weeks of treatment. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), blood, OP, and rectal microbial communities were compared using 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing. Real-time PCR for transcription factors, activation markers and cytokines, and IgA ELISAs were evaluated. Statistical analyses used 2-way repeated-measures ANOVA or permutational ANOVA (significance, P < .05).

RESULTS

After treatment, there were no significant differences in owner-perceived clinical signs or mean ± SEM BALF eosinophils between groups. There was a significant decrease in rectal α-diversity but not in α- or β-diversity in BALF, blood, or OP between groups or over time. There were no significant differences in CD25, FoxP3, GATA, Helios, IL-4, IL-5, IL-10, IL-13, IL-17, IFN-γ mRNA, or serum or BALF IgA between groups or over time.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE

In asthmatic cats, oral multistrain probiotics failed to improve owner-perceived signs, reduce airway eosinophilia, modify microbial community composition, or alter assessed immune responses versus placebo or over time. Longer treatment, different probiotic composition or delivery (eg, aerosolized), or larger number of cats would represent the next stages of study.
Constrictive physiology is not present in all dogs with idiopathic chylothorax
Authors: Adams Taylor E. , Marvel Sarah J. , Monnet Eric
Published: May 2024

OBJECTIVE

To determine whether subtotal pericardectomy affects recurrence and long-term outcomes in dogs with idiopathic chylothorax (IC).

ANIMALS

12 client-owned dogs diagnosed with IC between July 26, 2016, and March 23, 2023.

METHODS

The diagnosis of constrictive physiology (CP) was established with cardiac catheterization and defined as elevated and equal diastolic pressures in all 4 cardiac chambers. Dogs were then entered into the constrictive physiology (CP) group or non-CP (NCP) group. All dogs received at least a thoracic duct ligation (TDL). The dogs in the CP group had a subtotal pericardectomy performed in addition to TDL. Repeated surgical interventions, recurrence, long-term outcomes, and survival times were recorded.

RESULTS

8 dogs were entered into the CP group and underwent TDL and subtotal pericardectomy. Four dogs were entered in the NCP group and underwent only a TDL. Four dogs in the CP group and 1 in the NCP group required multiple surgeries for recurrent chylothorax. The 1-, 2-, and 3-year disease-free rates were, respectively, 100%, 100%, and 50% for the NCP group and 87.5%, 72.9%, and 72.9% for the CP group (P = .935). The 1-, 2-, and 3-year survival rates were, respectively, 100%, 100%, and 100% for the NCP group and 87.5%, 72.9%, and 72.9% for the CP group (P = .317).

CLINICAL RELEVANCE

Constrictive physiology should be evaluated by cardiac catheterization before surgical treatment of IC in dogs. If CP is not diagnosed, subtotal pericardectomy may not be required.
Spherocytosis as an indicator of fragmentation injury in dogs with splenic torsion
Authors: Beeston Dave , Szladovits Balazs , Cortellini Stefano
Published: May 2024

OBJECTIVE

To describe the presentation, diagnosis, and treatment of 4 cases of splenic torsion with associated spherocytosis.

ANIMALS

4 client-owned dogs with spherocytosis and splenic torsion.

CLINICAL PRESENTATION

Each dog presented with nonspecific clinical signs, and 3 out of 4 dogs were anemic on presentation.

RESULTS

The diagnosis of splenic torsion was made with abdominal ultrasound or CT and confirmed during exploratory laparotomy. Spherocytosis was described as occasional (patient 1), rare (patient 2), and low number (patients 3 and 4). Two dogs survived to hospital discharge, and 2 dogs died following cardiorespiratory arrest.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE

Spherocytosis has not previously been reported in cases of splenic torsion, and identification of spherocytes on blood film evaluation warrants further investigation. The cause of spherocytosis in splenic torsion remains unknown but may be associated with microangiopathic fragmentation injury.
Technological challenges in manufacturing of vacuum gauge thermionic cathode using thick-film technology
Authors: Jasińska Laura , Dzbik Krzysztof , Nowak Damian , Stojek Krzysztof , Chudzyńska Aleksandra , Politański Kamil , Malecha Karol
Published: May 2024

This paper focuses on the development of a technological challenges of manufacturing the planar ceramic vacuum sensor based on the principles of hot-cathode ionization in the Bayard-Alpert configuration. The goal is to simplify the technological process by utilizing planar platinum structures with gold electrical paths instead of 3-dimensional structures. Various methods were tested, including the use of carbon-based SVM (Sacrifice Volume Materials) materials, but without success. Wet-etching using potassium hydroxide on Al2O3 substrates showed promise results. The findings highlight the challenges and progress made in developing the thermo-emittercomponent of the vacuum sensor.
The predictive validity of the Morse Fall Scale in hospitalized patients in the Czech Republic
Authors: Zeleníková Renáta , Jarošová Darja
Published: May 2024

Aim. The main aim of the study was to test the Morse Fall Scale (MFS) in the Czech population of hospitalized patients and to determine the predictive validity of the scale by assessing its specificity, sensitivity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and cut-off points.

Material and methods. The study was a prospective follow-up study. Ten acute and long-term care units in two selected hospitals participated in the study. The sample consisted of 4383 patients. To assess the patients’ risk of falls, the MFS was chosen. The patients were assessed on admission.

Results. The reliability of the Morse Fall Scale measured by Cronbach’s alpha was 0.484. Using a cut-off point of 35, the sensitivity was 61.1% and the specificity was 53%. The positive predictive value was 10.5% and the negative predictive value was 90.6%.

Conclusions. Results of the study revealed only moderate predictive accuracy of the Morse Fall Scale.
Spirituality as an influential holistic factor in life satisfaction in older adults: descriptive research
Authors: Kaučič Boris Miha , Nedeljko Mihael , Filej Bojana
Published: May 2024

Aim. Life satisfaction is an important driver of life and an important factor in the personal stability of a person. With the research, we wanted to find which of the holistic factors is most related to life satisfaction in old age.

Material and methods. The research is based on the quantitative method of research, the method of description, compilation and causal non-experimental method. We used the survey technique. A total number of 656 older adults between the age of 65 and 98 participated in the survey. We obtained the data using various standardised measuring instruments. In order to determine the strength of the connection between holistic factors and life satisfaction in older adults, we used advanced statistical methods for the analysis of causal effects and conditional associations (propensity score methods).

Results. We found that the most important factor for life satisfaction in older adults is the spiritual factor (R²=0.37) and the self-esteem index (R²=0.488) within it. The spiritual factor is followed by a psychological factor (R²=0.21), social factor (R²=0.19) and finally the physical factor (R²=0.05).

Conclusions. Spirituality directs the lives of older adults and helps them to overcome various life problems. Since spirituality is a multidimensional concept, this research is an important starting point for further research in this field.
Duty of Civilians Security Agencies that Suffer Losses Due to Civil Corruption
Authors: Ginting Asepte Gaulle , Danil Elwi , Marlina  , Sukarja Detania
Published: May 2024

Objective: The media at the time focused on corruption practices in Indonesia's BUMN sector. Weak supervisory functions by the BUMN Supervisory Body have led to inefficient oversight of the Directorate, which is one of the sources of corruption in the BUMN sector. Therefore, in the event that a loss results from corruption, the BUMN's supervisory bodies are required to assume criminal accountability.
 
Theoretical Framework: However, there are flaws and barriers in the application of criminal law that make it necessary to restructure the system of criminal responsibility against the supervisory bodies of the BUMN in order to impose criminal liability on them.
 
Method: A court decision that brings criminal accusations against Indonesian firms provided the data for this study. After identification under consideration and court ruling, a legal technique is used to assess the data and identify a solution to the issue.
 
Results and Conclusion: According to the study's findings, a supervisory body's failure to keep an eye on directors who engage in corrupt behavior is considered a "hole of omission," or a gap that puts the crime of inaction or passive acts in jeopardy.
 
Implication of the Research: This research will have an impact on law enforcement related to criminal acts of corruption against State-Owned Enterprises (BUMN).
 
Originality/Value: It is possible to create a just legal system where justice is the fundamental component of the law and the execution of the law itself by imposing criminal liability on supervisory authorities that fail to perform their oversight obligations against the Directorate in the management of BUMN.
Diagnosis with Guinea Pig (Cavia Porcellus), Aymara X-Rays and Treatment in Times Of COVID-19
Authors: Apaza-Ticona Jorge , Arocutipa Vicente Alanoca , Cutipa-Añamuro Guillermo , Calderón-Torres Alfredo , Chambilla-Laquiticona Adolfo , Maquera-Maquera Yuselino
Published: May 2024

Objective: The objective is to identify the use and practice of diagnosis with Cuy (Cavia Porcellus), Aymara X-rays and treatment in Covid-19 times as a natural method different from the diagnostic and medication procedures of modern scientific biomedicine in this context.   Theoretical framework: Traditional Aymara medicine is a current medical system practiced by peasant health agents, who still have a particular profile, where leadership, sensitivity, vocation, especially of service, stand out. It is still a system that responds to the health needs of the population. In the last two years, Aymara medicine resisted the Covid-19 pandemic with its own local resources, highlighting herbal medicine, the use of mineral and animal by-products in the diagnosis and treatment of post-Covid-19 patients.   Method: This is an interpretative qualitative case study with ethnographic design through which the perceptions and practices of health restoration of doctors and Aymara patients affected by Covid-19 are analyzed. The research was conducted in the Aymara peasant communities of the provinces of Chucuito, El Collao and Puno in the districts of Acora, Chucuito and Pichacani, in the department of Puno (Peru) during the period 2021-2022.   Results: The results show that ancestral Aymara medicine is an integral medical system that responds to a set of knowledge and know-how for the treatment of various physiological and cultural diseases. The guinea pig is important in traditional medicine, it is used as an "X-Ray" and has efficacy in the diagnosis, treatment, follow-up and prognosis of diseases caused by Covid-19 in the Aymara communities.
COVID-19 Pandemic and Impacts on the Environment in Brazil
Authors: Dutra Aline Soares de Santana , Passos Christian Ricardo Silva , Gomes Filho Teodoro Antunes , Nascimento Wanessa da Costa , Meller Guilherme Semprebom , Marques Francisco Roldineli Varela , Sousa Júnior Francisco Souto de , Gurgel Genilson Pereira , Lucena Raimundo de Oliveira , Santos Paulo Henrique Soles dos
Published: May 2024

Objective: The objective of this research was to analyze the impacts of the Covid-19 pandemic on the environment in Brazil
 
Methodology: The research was conducted through an integrative review, using searches on Google Scholar and Scielo with specific keywords. Inclusion criteria were applied to select complete, free Brazilian scientific articles published between 2020 and 2023, excluding other types of studies. Data analysis involved two stages: reading abstracts and titles, followed by the complete reading of selected articles, resulting in a sample of four articles for analysis.
 
Results and data analysis: The COVID-19 pandemic represented an unprecedented event in contemporary history, causing profound impacts on human life. Through an analysis of available studies, it was possible to investigate the effects of this crisis on the environment. Initially, an opportunity was observed for a deep reflection on the complex interaction between these domains, evidenced by the significant temporary reduction in air and noise pollution and pressure on natural ecosystems, resulting from the slowdown in human activities. However, it is crucial to recognize the transitory nature of these benefits and the pressing need for a holistic and forward-looking approach to formulating policies and practices that promote environmental sustainability, contemplating not only the temporary reduction of human activity but also a reshaping fundamental aspect of society and the economy from an ecological and sustainable perspective. Furthermore, the importance of addressing the disproportionate impacts on vulnerable communities is highlighted, especially in the global and local context, as evidenced by the challenges faced by family farming in Brazil during the pandemic period.
 
Conclusion: It is concluded that environmental awareness and the adoption of sustainable practices emerge as crucial elements to face the challenges posed by the pandemic, requiring a review of consumption habits, investment in renewable energy and sustainable infrastructure, and promotion of environmental education.
Investigating the Use of Companion Animal Donor Tissue Banks
Authors: Mitchell Kaitlin , Carver L.F.
Published: May 2024

Research and education continue to be highly reliant on the use of animal cadavers and tissues. However, due to the damaging impact on animal life, contribution to animal suffering, and lack of translatability of laboratory animal research to humans, alternatives must be investigated. An ethically sourced alternative is the use of non-human animal donor tissue banks, which  involves the donation of companion animal cadavers and tissues. A scoping review of current research on the opinions pertaining to companion animal donor tissue banks was conducted using the Queen’s University Omni database. 62 articles were screened and three met the scoping review inclusion criteria. Collectively, these publications displayed positive attitudes among pet owners and veterinarian students towards companion animal cadaver and tissue donation. A common concern raised amongst participants of the studies was the inability to bury or cremate their pets if they were to donate them to tissue banks for research. In conclusion, this scoping review examined trends in the opinions of participants from several studies regarding the use of non-human animal donor tissue banks. Overall, companion animal tissue banks offer an ethical alternative to laboratory animal use and a more reliable model for translatability to humans. The gaps in knowledge outlined in this scoping review direct future research involving the collection of professional perspectives, including veterinarians and researchers.
Developing a Visual Novel about Landmines: A One Health Approach
Authors: Jongkind Julian , Anwar Nashmia
Published: May 2024

Landmines pose a serious threat to humans, the environment, and non-human animals. They are a wicked problem, and no perfect solution exists due to how they can damage the environment, put human and non-human animal lives at risk, and how recurring war increases the number of landmines globally. Landmines impact communities across the world, and there are two major pathways for dealing with landmines: Demining and education. While the value of demining cannot be overstated, the action done here focuses on the education side, and bringing awareness of landmines to youth, who are one of the most vulnerable groups. We made a visual novel using Ren’Py software and published it on online platforms Steam and Itch.io to help it reach a global audience, though it was written with youth in mind. Our project aims to open public discourse around landmines and facilitate an appreciation for the effects they have beyond just their impact on humans, focusing on equality between the pillars of One Health.
Lost Pets Sold to Research Laboratories: Addressing Pound Seizure Through an Educational Social Media Page ‘FetchFreedom’
Authors: Mitchell Kaitlin , Isabel Farkouh  , Keripe Daniel
Published: May 2024

Pound seizure is a wicked problem involving the sale of companion animals from shelters to educational or research facilities for experimentation. Because these companion animals are an inexpensive alternative to laboratory-bred animals, the issue remains widespread. Ontario is the only province in Canada where pound seizure is still mandated, and this is likely due to a lack of awareness among the general population. Pound seizure, however, is a wicked problem with significant impacts on humans, non-human animals, and the environment, including dangerous research outcomes, physiological and psychological pain and suffering, and environmental pollution. To address this issue, we have initiated an action involving the use of an educational Instagram page called FetchFreedom and a supporting social media campaign. Collectively, this action is intended to bring awareness to the issue and encourage others to take a stand against pound seizure.
„Zaske: ‚Öffnungsklausel für regelhafte Regionalplanung‛“
Authors:   Monitor Versorgungsforschung, Stegmaier Peter
Published: May 2024

In seinem Report beschreibt MVF-Chrefredakteur Peter Stegmaier die Gemeinsamkeiten des Innovationsfondsprojekts „ProReVers” und der „Versorgungsbedarfsanalyse Brandenburg“. Beide haben durchaus Bahnbrechendes vor.
A Double-Edged Sword? The Role of Digital Technologies in Marriage and Divorce Among Syrian Refugees in Northern Jordan
Authors: Al Akash Ruba , De Regt Marina , Al Masri Siham
Published: May 2024

This paper explores how young Syrian refugees in Jordan who have grown up using information and new communication technologies are using the internet as a private space where emotions and practices regarding intimate and marital life are expressed. We explore how new technologies and social media are influencing refugees’ perceptions and experiences of marriage and divorce during displacement. Based on in-depth interviews with rural Syrian women from Deraa province living in northern Jordan, our research sheds light on the multi-faceted ways these women embrace emerging technologies. Furthermore, we demonstrate how technology influences gender-specific narratives and practices around marriage and divorce
Perbedaan Keanekaragaman Jenis Semut (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) Pada Dua Tipe Habitat di Taman Wisata Alam Lembah Harau
Authors: Putri Anggun Rafila , Nugraha Fitra arya Dwi , Kardiman Reki , Satria Rijal
Published: May 2024

A total of 11 species belonging to 10 genera, 3 subfamilies with a total of 133 individual litter ants were collected at the Lembah Harau Nature Tourism Park. The results showed that the ecosystem of the Lembah Harau Natural Tourism Park tends to be stable. This is indicated by the index of ant diversity in the natural habitat of 0.98 which is low, while in the disturbed habitat it is 1.83, which is classified as moderate. as well as the dominance index in natural and disturbed habitats, namely 0.56 and 0.18 so that it can be concluded that no species dominates in these two habitats
PEMANFAATAN LIMBAH PLASTIK MENJADI BARANG BERNILAI GUNA UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KREATIVITAS SISWA SEKOLAH DASAR DI KECAMATAN KOTO TANGAH KOTA PADANG
Authors: Ayunis Ayunis , Rustam Dicky , Muhelni Leila
Published: May 2024

Pemanfaatan limbah plastik sebagai bahan untuk menciptakan barang bernilai guna telah menjadi topik penting dalam upaya mengurangi dampak negatif limbah plastik terhadap lingkungan. Namun belum semua sekolah memahami dan melaksanakan kegiatan pemanfaatan limbah plastik untuk menjadi barang bernilai guna. Kegiatan ini adalah ini mengeksplorasi pemanfaatan limbah plastik dapat meningkatkan kreativitas siswa di Sekolah Dasar (SD) di Kota Padang. Tujuan kegiatan ini adalah untuk memberikan pengetahuan dan keterampilan kepada siswa sekolah dasar dalam pemanfaatan limbah plastik menjadi barang yang bernilai guna dan meningkatkan kreativitas siswa. Kegiatan ini dilakukan di sekolah dasar di Kecamatan Koto Tangah kota Padang yaitu SDN 57 Air Dingin. Metode kegiatan meliputi: (1) sosialisasi; (2) pelatihan; (3) evaluasi, dan pendampingan. Pengumpulan data meliputi survei dan observasi terhadap siswa dan guru yang terlibat dalam kegiatan kreatif menggunakan limbah plastik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemanfaatan limbah plastik secara kreatif telah mendorong siswa untuk mengembangkan keterampilan kreatif, pemecahan masalah, dan kepedulian lingkungan. Melalui berbagai kegiatan seperti kerajinan tangan, seni rupa, dan proyek sains, siswa belajar untuk mengubah limbah plastik menjadi produk yang bermanfaat dan menarik. Dengan demikian, integrasi pemanfaatan limbah plastik dalam kurikulum sekolah dasar dapat menjadi strategi efektif untuk meningkatkan kreativitas siswa sambil mengajarkan nilai-nilai lingkungan yang berkelanjutan. Jadi kesimpulannya adalah pemanfaatan limbah plastik menjadi barang bernilai guna memberikan peran penting dalam masa perkembangan anak, khususnya dalam perkembangan sikap dan perilaku siswa dalam pengendalian lingkungan untuk menciptakan green economy.
A DISPUTA POR CENTRALIDADE E OS MOVIMENTOS SOCIAIS POR MORADIA DIGNA NO CENTRO ANTIGO DE SALVADOR/BA
Authors: Canto Felipe , Viveiros Liana
Published: May 2024

O artigo lança luz na práxis de movimentos sociais por moradia digna no Centro Antigo de Salvador (CAS), orientada ao enfrentamento às diversas ações predatórias e violentas que envolvem operações orientadas por interesses mercadológicos e encaminhadas, em regra, pelo Estado. Para tal, foram utilizadas informações colhidas em entrevistas realizadas com algumas das principais lideranças que integram a Articulação de Movimentos e Comunidades do Centro Antigo de Salvador, a fim de compreender como o direito à centralidade é acionado e quais os sentidos presentes nas disputas em defesa e manutenção dos modos de vida dos territórios populares que integram o Centro. Percebe-se que esses agentes destacam objetivamente em suas falas, a importância do território, num caráter simbólico e físico, como imprescindível para a manutenção da própria vida. Por meio de processos de ocupação, resistem e reivindicam direitos que deveriam ser assegurados pelo Estado, por meio de políticas públicas específicas. O conjunto de elementos que dão suporte ao morar no Centro, fruto das lutas em defesa do direito de morar e das tramas das individualidades e sociabilidades nas suas ações cotidianas enquanto coletividade, coexistindo e resistindo especificamente naquele território, conforma a centralidade como valor que retroalimenta os enfrentamentos em defesa do direito à cidade.
PERCEPTION DES MENACES POUR LES COLONIES D’ABEILLES ET FUTUR DE L’APICULTURE LOCALE ENVISAGÉ PAR DES APICULTEURS DANS DIFFÉRENTS PAYS D’EUROPE
Authors: PERICHON Samuel , ADAMCHUK Leonora , BIBER Lejla , BOZIC Janko , CHLEBO Robert , FILIPI Janja , LEIDENBERGER Sonja , MAVROFRIDIS Georgios , OZGOR Erkay , POCOL Cristina , PORPORATO Marco , RODRIGUEZ Maria Shantal , VILAS-BOAS Miguel , ZACEPINS Aleksejs
Published: May 2024

In Europe, the honey bee (Apis mellifera) has been confronted by multiple threats often linked to human activities. An online survey was spread between September 2021 and March 2022 among 2,111 beekeepers. The results showed that beekeepers are powerless to deal with threats. They believe that man-made problems can be mitigated or eliminated through authorities. Bee colonies suffer under parasites, predators or declining natural resources. In Southern Europe, it becomes increasingly difficult to keep bees. The situation is in contrast to that described for Northern Europe, especially Iceland, where threats are almost non-existent. This North/South duality is also evident when describe future perspectives in their region. The uncertainty of production can lead to a negative outlook for certain people, especially because selling honey is a motivation, but others have a positive outlook for the future.
The « Grands Moulins Vilgrain » (large Vilgrain mills) in Nancy: anonymization or (re)mobilization of a former industrial geosystem?
Authors: BARBIER Léopold
Published: May 2024

À Nancy (France), se trouvent le long de la Meurthe les Grands Moulins. Il s’agit d’un ancien site industriel minotier, localisé à l’emplacement historique d’un moulin installé là depuis le XIIe/XIIIe siècle. Son nom, Grands Moulins, vient de la société qui a marqué durablement le site, les Grands Moulins Vilgrain. Cette entreprise a façonné le territoire nancéien en édifiant un bâtiment de production de neuf étages, devenu un marqueur paysager fort et créant autour de lui un géosystème industriel. Le site se trouve dans un ancien faubourg industriel en proie à de profondes reconversions depuis trente ans. Parce que son activité ne s’est arrêtée qu’en 2022, ce vaste site positionné au bord de l’eau a été épargné par les actions de renouveau urbain. L’arrêt récent de la production invite à se questionner sur les mobilisations faites de cet héritage industriel : quelle mémoire, quel patrimoine préserver ? Quels intérêts fonciers ? Quel(s) devenir(s) ? Après avoir analysé ce géosystème industriel, nous tenterons de saisir la multitude de ces enjeux.
Siciliano – Illustrations and Comment Fragments (to Hans Zender, to whom the “Dance Suite with a Song about Germany” is dedicated)
Authors: Лахенман Х.Ф.
Published: May 2024

Настоящая публикация представляет собой перевод статьи Хельмута Лахенмана, которая посвящена анализу его собственной пьесы «Siciliano», являющейся одной из частей его «Танцевальной сюиты с песней о Германии» («Tanzsuite mit Deutschlandlied»). Первая публикация: Lachenmann H. Siciliano – Abbildungen und Kommentarfragmente («Tanzsuite mit Deutschlandlied») // Schweizerische Musikzeitung. 1983. Jg. 123. H. 6 (Nov./Dez. 1983). S. 348-356.

This publication presents a translation of Helmut Lachenmann’s article, which concerns the analysis of his own piece Siciliano, which is one of the parts of his Dance Suite with a Song about Germany (Tanzsuite mit Deutschlandlied). First publication: Lachenmann H. Siciliano – Abbildungen und Kommentarfragmente («Tanzsuite mit Deutschlandlied») // Schweizerische Musikzeitung. 1983. Jg. 123. H. 6 (Nov./Dez. 1983). S. 348-356.
Exhaustive local chemical space exploration using a transformer model
Authors: Tibo Alessandro , He Jiazhen , Janet Jon Paul , Nittinger Eva , Engkvist Ola
Published: May 2024

How many near-neighbors does a molecule have? This is a simple, fundamental, but unsolved question in chemistry. It is key for solving many important molecular optimization problems, for example in lead optimization in drug discovery under the similarity principle assumption. Generative models can sample virtual molecules from a vast theoretical chemical space, but so far have lacked explicit knowledge about molecular similarity. This means that a generative model needs to be guided by reinforcement learning or another learning mechanism to be able to sample a relevant similar chemical space. Correspondingly the generative model provide no mechanism for quantifying how completely it can sample a particular region of the chemical space. To overcome these limitations, a novel source-target molecular transformer model is proposed, regularized via a similarity kernel function. It has been trained on, to the best of our knowledge, the largest data set of molecular pairs so far consisting of ≥ billion pairs. The regularization term enforces a direct relationship between the probability of generating a target molecule and its similarity to a given source molecule. The model is able to systematically sample compounds ordered by their probability and accordingly by their similarity. In combination with a deterministic sampling strategy, beam search, it is possible for the first time to comprehensively explore the near-neighborhood around a specific compound. Our results show that the regularization term helps to substantially improve the correlation between the probability of generating a target molecule and its similarity to the source molecule. The trained transformer model is able to exhaustively sample a near-neighborhood around a given drug-like molecule.
CatEmbed: A Machine-Learned Representation Obtained via Categorical Entity Embedding for Predicting Adsorption and Reaction Energies on Bimetallic Alloy Surfaces
Authors: Kirkvold Clara , Collins Brianna , Goodpaster Jason
Published: May 2024

Machine-learning models for predicting adsorption energies on metallic surfaces often relies on basic elemental properties, electronic, and geometric descriptors. Here, we apply categorical entity embedding, a featurization method inspired by natural language processing techniques, to predict adsorption energies on bimetallic alloy surfaces using categorical descriptors. Using this method, we develop a machine-learned representation from categorical descriptors (e.g., surface composition, adsorbate type, and site type) of the slab/adsorbate complex. By combining this representation with numerical features (e.g., slab metal stoichiometric ratios), we create the CatEmbed representation. Remarkably, decision tree models trained using CatEmbed, which includes no explicit geometric information, achieve a Mean Absolute Error (MAE) of 0.12 eV. Additionally, we extended this technique to predict reaction energies on bimetallic surfaces, creating the CatEmbed-React representation, which achieves an MAE of 0.08 eV. These findings highlight the effectiveness of categorical entity embedding for predicting adsorption and reaction energies on bimetallic alloy surfaces.
Elementary Exciton Processes of InP/ZnS Quantum Dots Under Applied Pressure
Authors: Eguchi Daichi , Kagayama Tomoko , Shimizu Katsuya , Tamai Naoto
Published: May 2024

In colloidal quantum dots (QDs), excitons are confined within nanoscale dimensions, and the relaxation of hot electrons occurs through Auger cooling. The behavior of hot electrons is evident under ambient pressure. Nanocrystal characteristics, including their size, are key to determining hot electron behavior because they serve as the stage. Applying pressure to materials can effectively modify this stage by providing a means to reversibly control interatomic distances. Unlike the behavior in ambient conditions, the pressure-dependent behavior remains unclear. In this study, InP/ZnS QDs were synthesized, and their pressure-dependent ultrafast carrier dynamics were analyzed using fs-transient absorption spectroscopy. The hot electron relaxation remained nearly constant with pressure up to 3 GPa, suggesting constant interaction between electrons and holes. However, above this threshold, the hot electron relaxation was accelerated by trapping from higher excited states. This study contributes to establishing a fundamental understanding of the pressure-dependent behavior of hot electrons in QDs.
Water-Vapor Responsive and Erasable Metallo-Peptide Nanofibers
Authors: Dey Avishek , Ulijn Rein V , Chen Xi , Naranjo Elma , Saha Ranajit , Zhang Sheng , Nair Maya Narayanan , Li Tai-De
Published: May 2024

Short peptides are versatile molecules for the construction of supramolecular materials. Most reported peptide materials are hydrophobic, stiff, and show limited response to environmental conditions in the solid-state. Herein, we describe a design strategy for minimalistic supramolecular metallo-peptide nanofibers that, depending on their sequence, change stiffness, or reversibly assemble in the solid-state, in response to changes in relative humidity (RH). We tested a series of histidine (H) containing dipeptides with varying hydrophobicity, XH, where X is G, A, L, Y (glycine, alanine, leucine, and tyrosine). The one-dimensional fiber formation is supported by metal coordination and dynamic H-bonds. Solvent conditions were identified where GH/Zn and AH/Zn formed gels that upon air-drying gave rise to nanofibers. Upon exposure of the nanofiber networks to increasing RH, a reduction in stiffness was observed with GH/Zn fibers reversibly (dis-)assembled at 60-70 % RH driven by a rebalancing of H-bonding interactions between peptides and water. When these metallo-peptide nanofibers were deposited on the surface of polyimide films and exposed to varying RH, peptide/water-vapor interactions in the solid-state mechanically transferred to the polymer film, leading to the rapid and reversible folding-unfolding of the films, thus demonstrating RH-responsive actuation.
Ru(II)–Pd(II) dinuclear complexes of di(pyridin-2-yl)amino-substituted 1,10-phenanthrolines: synthesis, characterization and application for catalysis
Authors: Ionova Violetta A. , Dmitrieva Alena V. , Abel Anton S. , Sergeev Aleksandr D. , Evko Grigory S. , Yakushev Alexei A. , Gontcharenko Victoria E. , Nefedov Sergei E. , Roznyatovsky Vitaly A. , Cheprakov Andrey V. , Averin Alexei D. , Magdesieva Tatiana V. , Beletskaya Irina P.
Published: May 2024

Dinuclear complexes bearing Ru(II) photoactive center are of interest for the development of efficient dual catalysts for many photocatalyzed reactions. Ditopic polypyrine ligands – bis(pyridine-2-yl)amino-1,10-phenanthrolines – containing additional coordination site (bis(pyridine-2-yl)amine, dpa) at positions 3, 4 or 5 of 1,10-phenanthroline core (Phen-3NPy2, Phen-4NPy2 and Phen-5NPy2) were synthesized. They were used as bridging ligands to obtain dinuclear complexes of composition [(bpy)2Ru(Phen-NPy2)PdCl2](PF6)2 (Ru(Phen-NPy2)Pd) via stepvise comlexing in good yields. Ru(II) is coordinated to 1,10-phenanthroline in these complexes, while Pd(II) is bound to dpa chelating moiety, which was established by NMR spectroscopy and X-ray single crystal analysis. The influence of the position of dpa in phenanthroline ring on the structural, optical and electrochemical properties of Ru(Phen-NPy2)Pd complexes was studied. The complexes possess photoluminescence in argon-saturated MeCN solution with maxima in the range of 615–625 nm, emission quantum yields range from 0.11 to 0.15 for Ru(Phen-NPy2) complexes and from 0.018 to 0.026 for dinucear Ru(Phen-NPy2)Pd complexes. All the complexes have high extinction coefficients in the range of 370–470 nm, efficiently absorb visible light and can be used as photocatalysts. The Ru2+/3+ potential in Ru(Phen-NPy2)Pd complexes showed no significant dependence on dpa position, while Pd2+/0 reduction potential was quite lower for Ru(Phen-3NPy2)Pd and Ru(Phen-NPy2)Pd, than for Ru(Phen-NPy2)Pd (–0.57V and –0.72V vs Ag/AgCl, KCl(sat), respectively). The behaviour of the complexes was studied in Сu-free Sonogashira coupling under blue LED (12 W) irradiation. The reaction proceeds three times faster when Ru(Phen-4NPy2)Pd and Ru(Phen-3NPy2)Pd are used as catalysts precursors than in the case of mixed catalytic system Ru(bpy)3(PF6)2/(RNPy2)PdCl2.
Transfer learning of hyperparameters for fast construction of anisotropic GPR models: design and application to the machine‐learned force field FFLUX
Authors: Isamura Bienfait , Popelier Paul
Published: May 2024

The polarisable machine-learned force field FFLUX requires pre-trained anisotropic Gaussian process regression (GPR) models of atomic energies and multipole moments to propagate unbiased molecular dynamics simulations. The outcome of FFLUX simulations is highly dependent on the predictive accuracy of the underlying models whose training entails determining the optimal set of model hyperparameters. Unfortunately, traditional direct learning (DL) procedures do not scale well on this task, especially when the hyperparameter search is initiated from a (set of) random guess solution(s). Additionally, the complexity of the hyperparameter space (HS) increases with the number of geometrical input features, at least for anisotropic kernels, making the optimization of hyperparameters even more challenging. In this study, we propose a transfer learning (TL) protocol that accelerates the training process of anisotropic GPR models by facilitating access to promising regions of the HS. The protocol is based on a seeding-relaxation mechanism in which an excellent guess solution is identified by rapidly building one or several small source models over a subset of the target training set before readjusting the previous guess over the entire set. We demonstrate the performance of this protocol by building and assessing the performance of DL and TL models of atomic energies and charges in various conformations of benzene, ethanol, formic acid dimer and the drug fomepizole. Our experiments suggest that TL models can be built one order of magnitude faster while preserving the quality of their DL analogs. Most importantly, when deployed in FFLUX simulations, TL models compete or even outperform their DL analogs when it comes to performing FFLUX geometry optimization and computing harmonic vibrational modes.
Smart City Rail Transit Operation and Management Information Construction Strategy
Authors: Sun Jing
Published: May 2024

Rail transit is considered one of the safest and most efficient modes of transportation. Ticketing, vehicle dispatching, and passenger flow control during rail transit operations in China have been improving over the years. Smart city construction and intelligent management models has also been increasingly emphasized with the rapid development of information and internet technology. Therefore, it is essential to conduct relevant research and discussions to improve the overall efficiency and quality of urban rail transit operation and management. This article provides an overview of smart city rail transit operation and management informatization, the principles of construction, and the functions of smart city rail transit operation and management informatization. Additionally, it discusses the strategies for the construction of smart city rail transit operation and management information and its development prospects.
Влияние нековалентных взаимодействий на прочность связывания ламивудина с дисульфидом молибдена в многослойной и однослойной гибридных структурах
Authors: Головешкин А.С. , Ушаков И.Е. , Таказова Р.У. , Лененко Н.Д. , Голубь А.С.
Published: May 2024

Методом монослоевого диспергирования было получено слоистое соединение дисульфида молибдена с катионными молекулами лекарственного средства ламивудин (Lam). Строение соединения установлено в результате моделирования порошковой дифрактограммы методом сверхъячейки и последующей квантово-химической оптимизации структурной модели методом функционала электронной плотности. С помощью топологического анализа расчетного распределения электронной плотности в рамках теории “Атомы в молекулах” (AIM) выявлены связывающие межатомные взаимодействия между Lam и монослоями MoS2 и оценены их энергии. Показано, что доминирующую роль в связывании играют водородные связи NH…S между Lam и сульфидным слоем, именно они определяют положение молекул в межслоевом пространстве MoS2. С использованием расчетной модели расслоенного соединения установлены особенности связывания Lam с поверхностью монослойных частиц MoS2.
ИЗУЧЕНИЕ ПРОЦЕССОВ СТРУКТУРООБРАЗОВАНИЯ ПОЛИАКРИЛОНИТРИЛА В РАМКАХ МЕЗОМАСШТАБНОГО МОДЕЛИРОВАНИЯ
Authors: Комаров П.В. , Малышев М.Д. , Бабуркин П.О.
Published: May 2024

Поиск способов управления структурой волокон прекурсоров на основе полиакрилонитрила является ключом к модификации свойств углеродных волокон. В публикации обсуждаются результаты мезомасштабного моделирования процессов структурообразования в смеси полиакрилонитрила, диметилсульфоксида и воды (хороший и плохой растворители для полимера). Выбор состава системы был сделан на основе представлений о составе волокон прекурсоров на поздних стадиях формирования в условиях коагуляционной ванны. Все расчеты выполнены с использованием динамической теории функционала плотности. Разработанная модель позволяет учитывать влияние изменения состава системы, влияния наполнителя в виде углеродных нанотрубок, температуры и сдвигового потока. Полученные результаты показывают, что посредством варьирования количества воды в системе (что определяется составом коагуляционной ванны) и введения углеродного наполнителя можно значительно изменять структуру полимера.
History of the biological factor and its place in forensic medicine
Authors: Gritskevich Olga , Kadochnikov Dmitriy
Published: May 2024

The article presents historical aspects on the development of ideas about infectious agents and methods of transmission of infectious diseases. It is shown that in forensic medicine the issues of the biological factor remain poorly studied.