bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Robust single-cell Hi-C clustering by convolution- and random-walk–based imputation
Authors: Zhou Jingtian , Ma Jianzhu , Chen Yusi , Cheng Chuankai , Bao Bokan , Peng Jian , Sejnowski Terrence J. , Dixon Jesse R. , Ecker Joseph R.
Published: June 2019

Three-dimensional genome structure plays a pivotal role in gene regulation and cellular function. Single-cell analysis of genome architecture has been achieved using imaging and chromatin conformation capture methods such as Hi-C. To study variation in chromosome structure between different cell types, computational approaches are needed that can utilize sparse and heterogeneous single-cell Hi-C data. However, few methods exist that are able to accurately and efficiently cluster such data into constituent cell types. Here, we describe scHiCluster, a single-cell clustering algorithm for Hi-C contact matrices that is based on imputations using linear convolution and random walk. Using both simulated and real single-cell Hi-C data as benchmarks, scHiCluster significantly improves clustering accuracy when applied to low coverage datasets compared with existing methods. After imputation by scHiCluster, topologically associating domain (TAD)-like structures (TLSs) can be identified within single cells, and their consensus boundaries were enriched at the TAD boundaries observed in bulk cell Hi-C samples. In summary, scHiCluster facilitates visualization and comparison of single-cell 3D genomes.
Dynamic secretome of bone marrow-derived stromal cells reveals a cardioprotective biochemical cocktail
Authors: Kshitiz  , Ellison David D. , Suhail Yasir , Afzal Junaid , Woo Laura , Kilic Onur , Spees Jeffrey , Levchenko Andre
Published: June 2019

Significance

Intercellular communication between cells in tissues is frequently mediated by secreted factors, with rates of secretion frequently varying over time. Stem cells can be recruited and contribute to the reparative process in diverse tissues. How this versatile cytoprotective effect is achieved is not well understood. Here we describe a simple-to-use platform to estimate the dynamics of cellular paracrine signaling in response to a wide range of physiologically relevant perturbations. When injured cardiomyocytes were presented with a cocktail matching the dynamics and dosage of stromal cell-derived secreted factors, we found an improved survival response, suggesting that secretory dynamics can be a key component of therapeutic recombinant cocktails for tissue repair.
Myosin IIA suppresses glioblastoma development in a mechanically sensitive manner
Authors: Picariello Hannah S. , Kenchappa Rajappa S. , Rai Vandana , Crish James F. , Dovas Athanassios , Pogoda Katarzyna , McMahon Mariah , Bell Emily S. , Chandrasekharan Unnikrishnan , Luu Amanda , West Rita , Lammerding Jan , Canoll Peter , Odde David J. , Janmey Paul A. , Egelhoff Thomas , Rosenfeld Steven S.
Published: June 2019

Significance

Glioblastoma, the most common and lethal of primary brain tumors, can diffusely infiltrate brain. Because the components of the cytoskeleton that drive tumor invasion are nonredundant, they have been attractive targets for blocking glioblastoma dispersion. However, we find that while targeting one of these—the molecular motor myosin IIA—effectively blocks glioblastoma invasion, it enhances tumor proliferation and lethality. In this study, we have found that myosin IIA functions as a tumor suppressor by reducing signaling of two oncogenes—ERK1/2 and NF-κB—in a manner regulated by the mechanics of the tumor and surrounding brain. Our results also argue that effective treatment of glioblastoma will require inhibiting targets that drive both invasion and proliferation.
Scaling trajectories of cities
Authors: Keuschnigg Marc
Published: June 2019

Urban scaling research finds that agglomeration effects—the higher-than-expected outputs of larger cities—follow robust “superlinear” scaling relations in cross-sectional data. But the paradigm has predictive ambitions involving the dynamic scaling of individual cities over many time points and expects parallel superlinear growth trajectories as cities’ populations grow. This prediction has not yet been rigorously tested. I use geocoded microdata to approximate the city-size effect on per capita wage in 73 Swedish labor market areas for 1990–2012. The data support a superlinear scaling regime for all Swedish agglomerations. Echoing the rich-get-richer process on the system level, however, trajectories of superlinear growth are highly robust only for cities assuming dominant positions in the urban hierarchy.
PUCHI regulates very long chain fatty acid biosynthesis during lateral root and callus formation
Authors: Trinh Duy-Chi , Lavenus Julien , Goh Tatsuaki , Boutté Yohann , Drogue Quentin , Vaissayre Virginie , Tellier Frédérique , Lucas Mikaël , Voß Ute , Gantet Pascal , Faure Jean-Denis , Dussert Stéphane , Fukaki Hidehiro , Bennett Malcolm J. , Laplaze Laurent , Guyomarc’h Soazig
Published: June 2019

Lateral root organogenesis plays an essential role in elaborating plant root system architecture. In
Arabidopsis
, the AP2 family transcription factor PUCHI controls cell proliferation in lateral root primordia. To identify potential targets of PUCHI, we analyzed a time course transcriptomic dataset of lateral root formation. We report that multiple genes coding for very long chain fatty acid (VLCFA) biosynthesis enzymes are induced during lateral root development in a PUCHI-dependent manner. Significantly, several mutants perturbed in VLCFA biosynthesis show similar lateral root developmental defects as
puchi-1
. Moreover,
puchi-1
roots display the same disorganized callus formation phenotype as VLCFA biosynthesis-deficient mutants when grown on auxin-rich callus-inducing medium. Lipidomic profiling of
puchi-1
roots revealed reduced VLCFA content compared with WT. We conclude that PUCHI-regulated VLCFA biosynthesis is part of a pathway controlling cell proliferation during lateral root and callus formation.
Tethering guides fusion-competent
trans
-SNARE assembly
Authors: Song Hongki , Wickner William
Published: June 2019

Significance

R-SNARE (soluble
N
-ethylmaleimide–sensitive factor receptor) and the set of 3Q-SNAREs, anchored in separate membranes, can associate in
trans
in a coiled-coil tetramer. Proteoliposomes bearing only these SNAREs form abundant
trans
-complexes but fuse very poorly, while membrane association through even a synthetic tether allows rapid and functional SNARE complex assembly without catalysis by Munc18 or Munc13 family proteins. Tethering guides
trans
-SNARE associations to active conformations instead of the inactive
trans
-SNARE complexes which form in the absence of tethers.
La traduction des discours politiques classiques de l’histoire du temps présent
Authors: Gagnon Chantal , Lehoux-Jobin Etienne
Published: June 2019

En contexte canadien, les discours politiques du premier ministre du pays sont généralement présentés dans les deux langues officielles depuis au moins la seconde moitié du vingtième siècle. Pour étudier les discours politiques classiques de l’histoire canadienne du temps présent, il faut donc nécessairement prendre en compte le phénomène de la traduction. Dans cette contribution, le discours politique classique est défini comme une allocution politique d’importance. Pour arriver à la constitution d’un canon de discours politiques représentatifs, l’article avance l’importance d’étudier cinq acteurs susceptibles de répertorier et d’évaluer les allocutions politiques, soit les institutions politiques, les maisons d’édition, les établissements d’enseignement, les médias traditionnels et les médias sociaux. Pour qu’une allocution devienne un classique, elle doit avoir été remarquée et reprise par plusieurs de ces acteurs. Enfin, en analysant la façon dont deux déclarations politiques célèbres ont été reprises dans différents médias, l’article met en évidence le caractère inéluctablement mouvant des traductions de classiques politiques : il semblerait que la retraduction soit de rigueur lorsque journalistes et auteurs québécois citent des déclarations politiques canadiennes-anglaises.
Second language pragmatics development through different instructional techniques
Authors: Zaferanieh Elaheh , Tavakoli Mansoor , Eslami Rasekh Abbass
Published: June 2019

This study investigated the effectiveness of three types of instruction on learning the speech act of criticizing by 100 Iranian learners of English. For 10 weeks, the consciousness raising group (N = 27), input enhancement group (N = 23), and ZPD (Zone of Proximal Development)-sensitive group (N = 25) participated in the study. The three treatment groups were compared with a control group (N = 25) on pre-tests, immediate and delayed posttests performance of discourse completion test and role-play test. The results revealed that treatment groups significantly improved and outperformed the control group. They maintained their improvement in the delayed posttest. In addition, the results showed the superiority of ZPD-sensitive instruction in relation to two other methods, and better performance of consciousness raising instruction than input-enhancement method. Finally, by interviewing the participants, the researchers could understand the opinions of learners about the instructions they received. The findings and implications are discussed.
Images of Cortés in sixteenth-century translations of Francisco López de Gómara’s Historia de la conquista de México (1552)
Authors: Ríos Castaño Victoria
Published: June 2019

This study provides an overview of five sixteenth-century translations of Francisco López de Gómara’s Historia de la conquista de México (1552), namely, Agostino di Cravaliz’s and Lucio Mauro’s into Italian, Thomas Nicholls’s into English, and Martin Fumée’s and Guillaume Le Breton’s into French. The article is organized into two main sections. The first one casts some light upon the socio-historical context in which the translations were written by analysing several paratexts (e.g., acknowledgements and introductions). The second section focuses on the manner in which passages regarding Cortés’s origins and death were rendered, discussing translators’ techniques, skopos, and target audiences.
Spatial and temporal diversity of marine fauna of Boubyan Island of Kuwait
Authors: Alsaffar Adel H. , Chen Weizhong
Published: June 2019

Boubyan Island is essentially undeveloped and the largest island in the northwest of the Arabian Gulf. Small otter trawls were used to sample 12 stations circling Boubyan Island each month, except November, from February 2004 through February 2005. All trawl catches, with the exception of large Skates and Rays, were returned to the laboratory for identification and processing. The total number of individuals captured by all 431 five-minute trawl tows was 81659. Species caught included 31 Crustaceans, 7 Mollusks, 5 Echinoderms, 1 Tunicate, 90 fishes, and 1 Sea Snake. The monthly total occurred species ranged from 27 to 78 and was high in the summer months (June to August) and low in the winter (December to February). Species richness and Shannon’s diversity showed a similar seasonal change pattern with a range of 3.41–7.93 and 0.80–2.58, respectively. The seasonal changes of the number of species, abundance, species richness and diversity were probably caused by the migration and reproductive circle of the organisms. However, the variations for all these indices among different stations were relatively small and suggested a similar environmental conditions for the areas around Boubyan Island.
Valuation of ecosystem services of coastal wetlands in Qinhuangdao, China
Authors: Bai Xiang , Hao Yingjun , Zhao Zhongbao , Liu Xiaodan , Li Keguo
Published: June 2019

Coastal wetlands in Qinhuangdao play a vital role in the regional ecological environment. The value of the ecosystem services of the coastal wetland was evaluated in terms of provision services, regulation services, culture services and supporting services by particular methods. Results indicated that coastal wetland area in Qinhuangdao was about 39,918.00 hm2 and annual value of ecosystem services in 2015 was around 174.32 × 108 yuan (yuan: Chinese Currency, 6.5 yuan = 1 USD as of 2015) (about $2.68 billion). The value of provision services, regulation services, culture services and supporting services accounted for 12.3%, 3.3%, 55.0% and 29.4% of the total value, respectively. Recreation value of culture services had the highest proportion (54.4%), which indicated that recreation service was the crucial role of the coastal wetland in Qinhuangdao. Coastal wetland ecosystem of Qinhuangdao provides tremendous value through ecological products and purposes every year and conservation should be enhanced. Meanwhile, cultural connotation construction, such as the creation of a locally characteristic culture, should be specially enhanced to fully unearth its recreation value.
X-ray radiography of microjetting from grooved surfaces in tin sample subjected to laser driven shock
Authors: Xin Jianting , He Anmin , Liu Wenbin , Chu GenBai , Yu Minghai , Fan Wei , Wu YuChi , Xi Tao , Shui Min , Zhao Yongqiang , Wang Pei , Gu Yuqiu , He Weihua
Published: June 2019

When a triangular shock wave reflects from the free surface of a solid sample, microjetting may emit from the grooved surface, leading to high velocity approximately micrometer-size fragments. Microjetting is an important issue for material dynamic response under shock loading in both fundamental science and practical applications. In this paper, the dynamic process of microjetting is investigated in the laser-driven shock loading conditions, the experiments were performed at the ShenguangII-U (SGII-U) laser facility. Microjetting from the triangular grooves in the free surface of a tin sample is diagnosed with x-ray radiography, where the 40–200 keV high energy x-ray is created with the picosecond laser beam focused on a Auµ-wire target. The density distribution along the microjetting and cumulated mass can be inferred from the images radiographied by such ultrashot high energy x-ray. The density distribution shows two representative regions including the head region of microjetting with low density and high speed, and the root region with high density and low speed. The microjets from three continuous parallel grooves with 60° angle are significantly different from that of 120° angle, the effect of the groove angle was verified by numerical simulation and experimental results.
Short cavity InGaN-based laser diodes with cavity length below 300 μm
Authors: Zhang Hezhi , Shih Ching-Wen , Martin Denis , Caut Alexander , Carlin Jean-François , Butté Raphaël , Grandjean Nicolas
Published: June 2019

We report on a practical method for developing InGaN-based edge emitting laser diodes of cavity length down to 45 μm. Samples consisting of one uncoated cleaved facet and one etched facet coated with a high-reflectivity (HR) dielectric distributed Bragg reflector (DBR) exhibit lasing in the continuous wave (cw) regime for cavity lengths down to 250 μm and lasing under pulsed injection for lengths as short as 100 μm. For samples having a second HR dielectric DBR, we could demonstrate cw lasing for a cavity length as short as 45 μm with a threshold current below 10 mA being reported for a 75 μm long device. Through a systematic study of the threshold current (I
th) and the slope efficiency (η

s
) as a function of cavity length, it is proposed that the parameters underpinning the evolution of I
th and η

s
with decreasing cavity length and their overall degradation in the short cavity regime are free carrier absorption, Auger processes and the decrease in the recombination losses due to nonuniform carrier distribution across the multiple quantum well active region.
On How the Scalar Propagator Transforms Covariantly in Spinless Quantum Electrodynamics
Authors: Villanueva-Sandoval V M , Concha-Sánchez Y , Gutiérrez-Guerrero L-X , Raya A
Published: June 2019

Gauge covariance properties of the scalar propagator in spinless/scalar quantum electrodynamics (SQED) are explored in the light of the corresponding Landau-Khalatnikov-Fradkin transformation (LKFT). These transformations are non perturbative in nature and describe how each Green function of the gauge theory changes under a variation of the gauge parameter. With a simple strategy, considering the scalar propagator at the tree level in Landau gauge, we derive a non perturbative expression for this propagator in an arbitrary covariant gauge and three as well as four space-time dimensions. Some relevant kinematical limits are discussed. Particularly, we compare our findings in the weak coupling regime with the direct one-loop calculation of the said propagator and observe perfect agreement up to an expected gauge independent term. We further notice that some of the coefficients of the all-order expansion for the propagator are fixed directly from the LKFT, a fact that makes this set of transformations appealing over ordinary perturbative calculations in gauge theories.
Off-shell gluon amplitudes in QCD
Authors: Ahmadiniaz Naser
Published: June 2019

In this contribution we discuss off-shell gluon amplitudes from worldline formalism perspective. We use the Bern-Kosower master formula and two IBP methods to extract the form factor of the off-shell three-and four-gluon vertices. For the four-gluon case we also discus its representation in

N
=
4

= 4 SYM.
A worldline approach to colored particles
Authors: Bastianelli Fiorenzo , Bonezzi Roberto , Corradini Olindo , Latini Emanuele , Ould-Lahoucine Khaled Hassan
Published: June 2019

Relativistic particle actions are a useful tool to describe quantum field theory effective actions using a string-inspired first-quantized approach. Here we describe how to employ suitable particle actions in the computation of the scalar contribution to the one-loop gluon effective action. We use the well-known method of introducing auxiliary variables that create the color degrees of freedom. In a path integral they implement automatically the path ordering needed to ensure gauge invariance. It is known that the color degrees of freedom introduced this way form a reducible representation of the gauge group. We describe a method of projecting onto the fundamental representation (or any other chosen irrep, if desired) of the gauge group. Previously, we have discussed the case of anticommuting auxiliary variables. Choosing them to be in the fundamental representation allows to obtain, without any extra effort, also the situation in which the color is given by any antisymmetric tensor product of the fundamental. Here, we describe the novel case of bosonic auxiliary variables. They can be used equivalently for creating the color charges in the fundamental representation. In addition one gets, as a byproduct, the cases where the particle can have the color sitting in any symmetric tensor product of the fundamental. This is obtained by tuning to a different value a Chern Simons coupling, present in the model, which controls how the projection is achieved.
Interaction of femtosecond laser radiation with titanium in a liquid hydrocarbon medium
Authors: Ivashchenko A V , Kochuev D A , Khorkov K S , Prokoshev V G , Tarasova M A
Published: June 2019

A method for the synthesis of microspheres coated with titanium carbide is described. The processes occurring in the region of the action of laser radiation are considered. The formation of microspheres was carried out by the action of femtosecond laser radiation on the surface of titanium located in the reaction medium - the ultimate hydrocarbon. The hydrocarbon source was the medium in which the treatment was carried out. The obtained microspheres have an average size of 1-3 μm and can be used in applications of additive engineering, powder metallurgy as the main raw material, or as an alloying additive.
Investigation of the elemental composition of samples after exposure to θ-pinches in the vicinity of periodic discharges in a flow of liquid
Authors: Nesterovich A V
Published: June 2019

The article presents the results of laser mass-spectrometric analysis of surface of the samples, exposed to long-term treatment with high current discharges in the fluid flow (water with admixtures of different composition). It has been found, that the elemental composition of the surface of the metal, in particular, oxygen-free copper, can vary considerably (up to 35 at.%) compared to the original composition (99.8 at.%) to a depth of up to 10 μm. Change of the isotopic composition (isotope concentration of 65 amu may amount to 38.1% while the normal rate is equal to 30.6%) has been indicated. Composition of water (distilled water, tap water, saline water) does not affect the results. The concentration of elements, such as Cl, may exceed the original concentration by 3,000 times. At a depth of 10 μm, the composition is similar to the original one (before the exposure).
On solutions of the Dirac equation in a strong disappearing at infinity electrostatic field
Authors: Krylov K S , Mur V D
Published: June 2019

It is shown that the one-particle radial Dirac equation with a spherically symmetric narrow rectangular well remains valid also in the supercritical region. Positron resonances in scattering arising at low supercriticality are in no way related to the process of spontaneous production of electron-positron pairs from vacuum.
Formation of nanoscale structures in thin films deposited by reactive magnetron sputtering of binary metal targets in Ar+O2+N2 gas mixture
Authors: Bernt D , Ponomarenko V , Leshchev S , Pisarev A
Published: June 2019

Bi-metal targets of ZnSn and SiAl were sputtered in A+O2+N2 gas mixtures at various N2/O2 ratios, and the deposited films were investigated by AFM and XPS. No nitrogen was detected in the films even at the highest nitrogen partial pressure in the gas, and the films were oxides. The concentration of the doping metal component in the deposited film increases with the increase of nitrogen partial pressure in the working gas. These experimental observations were supported by numerical calculations of the sputter-deposition process using a SRIM/SIMTRA+RSD software. It was shown that added nitrogen promotes sputtering of doping metal components of the targets, and the concentration of oxygen remains high enough to substitute the less active nitrogen in the growing film. The films consisted of nanograins with the average diameter, which decreased from 18 nm to 3 nm with increase of nitrogen content in the working gas. This effect was explained by the mechanism of abnormal grain growth: the film consisted of grains of oxides of two metals with different concentrations. The doping metal forms very fine nanograins of oxides, which suppress the growth of oxides of the main metal. With increase of nitrogen in the working gas mixture, the sputtering rate of doping metals from the cathodes and their respective concentration in the growing films increases, so the average diameter of oxide grains forming the coating decreases.
Hydrodynamic model of plasma evolution under heating by high-energy ion flux
Authors: Gus’kov S Yu , Korneev Ph A , Solyanikova M S
Published: June 2019

The analytical solution is found for thermodynamic state of plasma created when the half-space is heating by high-energy ion flow. The dependence of free path length of heating ions on plasma temperature is taken into account. Besides, an analysis of characteristic parameters of shock wave and efficiency of energy transfer to shock wave from heating ion flow is given.
Study of collective effects in the FCC-ee collider
Authors: Zobov M , Belli E , Castorina G , Migliorati M , Persichelli S , Rumolo G , Spataro B
Published: June 2019

The Future Circular Collider (FCC) study aims at designing different options of a post- LHC collider. The high luminosity electron-positron collider FCC-ee based on the crab waist concept is considered as an intermediate step on the way towards FCC-hh, a 100 TeV hadron collider using the same tunnel of about 100 km. Due to a high intensity of circulating beams the impact of collective effects on FCC-ee performance has to be carefully analyzed. In this paper we evaluate beam coupling impedance of the FCC-ee vacuum chamber, estimate thresholds and rise times of eventual single- and multibunch beam instabilities and discuss possible measures to mitigate them.
Improving the efficiency of suppression of electron conductivity in the vacuum accelerator neutron tubes with coaxial diode system
Authors: Vovchenko E D , Kozlowskii K I , Lisovskii M I , Rashchikov V I , Shikanov A E , Shatokhin V L
Published: June 2019

Discussed two options for increasing the magnetic isolation efficiency of the electron component in a vacuum neutron tube with coaxial geometry for the acceleration of deuterons. Computer analysis of the previously developed diode systems with magnetic insulation has shown that the suppression ratio does not exceed 50%. The proposed new options of suppression systems used the current ring and diaphragm, located near the edge of the cylindrical anode. Computer analysis showed that for these acceleration geometries the suppression factor could exceed 97%.
Control and diagnostic systems for specialized synchrotron radiation source of 4th generation SSRS-4
Authors: Kulevoy T , Liakin D , Tishchenko A , Blagov A , Senin R , Sitnikov A , Gaponov Yu , Gogin A , Orlov A , Kuibeda R , Barabin S , Saratovskikh M , Fedin P , KhabibuLlina E , Ziiatdinova A , Andrianov S , Lukashin A , Sergeeva D , Ponomarenko A , Lebedeva L , Stepanova V , Perelomova I , Marchenkov N , Funtov K , Vinogradov V , Naplekova E , Dmitriev A , Scheidt K-B , Plouviez E , Ewald F , Götz A , Roche B , Revol J-L , Chaize J-M , Cardot S
Published: June 2019

The general layout for Specialized Synchrotron Radiation Source 4th generation SSRS 4 is under development by leading of National Research Center “Kurchatov institute”. In the framework of a collaborative project with European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF) supported by the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation, the applied research on determination of the configuration and key technical parameters for the control and beam diagnostic systems for 4th generation Specialized Synchrotron Radiation Source – SSRS- 4 is going on. The preliminary view of the proposed control and diagnostic system is presented and discussed. SSRS-4 inherits the experience of the scientific community including a great ESRF expertise in control system development (as founder of TANGO), robust diagnostics and long operational experience on ESRF’s accelerator.
Applied calculations of accelerator characteristics for sterilization installation with local radiation shielding
Authors: Rozanov N E
Published: June 2019

The calculations of electron beam characteristics in the accelerator of sterilization installation with the local radiation shielding in relation to the use of a magnetron with a larger pulse power are made. It is shown that a simple method on the basis of “moving” of cathode- heating unit toward the anode plane of the injector may be used for increasing of current and power of accelerated beam.
Candidate Selection for Fungi Growing Media in Dye Waste Degradation
Authors: Herawati Netti , Muharram  , Hasri
Published: June 2019

Exploration of microorganisms such as bacteria and fungi this decade increases significantly to studied and developed because it is potentiality. However, fungi have more potential than bacteria because fungi produce ligninolytic extracellular enzymes such as lignin peroxidase, manganese peroxidase and laccase which play an important role in the degradation process of organic compounds such as dyestuff waste. This study will examine the potential of Pleurotuscystidiosus fungi in degrading textile dyes direct congo red (DCR) using different growing media. The stages include the ratio of fungi to growing media and the concentration of dyes that can be degraded at variations in dye concentrations of 150 mg−1 ppm, 200 mg L−1, 250 mg L−1, and 300 mg L−1. The results showed a ratio of 3% (b/b) in rice husk media with a degraded DCR concentration of 269 mg L−1 and 9% (b/b) in sawdust media with a degraded DCR concentration of 298 mg L−1. The result shows that sawdust media is better in degrading DCR with degradation efficiency of 94%.
Dynamic Model of Sustainable Tourism Case Study Mampie Lampoko Reserve Indonesia
Authors: Dirawan Gufran Darma , Andayani Dyah Darma , Syamsuddin Darussalam
Published: June 2019

Tourism development model in Polewali Mandar Regency is an interesting model to study to be able to analyze the ability of Mampie Lampoko nature reserve to be developed as one of the national tourism destinations with its distinctive features. The research method used is survey and power simulation dynamic model of ecotourism system in order to be part of the development of local government policies in planning strategy of the nature reserve area. Data were collected using survey and questionnaire methods by taking public perception data. The results showed that the ability of tourist areas to be developed using the concept of ecotourism. The tourism area also produces a minimum impact on pollution and can increase community income and the management of the necessary facilities to minimize the impact that will be fulfilled in the tourism sector.
Electric Control Equipment Based on Arduino Relay
Authors: Tjandi Yunus , Kasim Syarifuddin
Published: June 2019

Many accidents caused by the use of control systems which is not in accordance with the standards, both in the home and in the building. This study aims to create an Arduino Relay based control device (according to the application design and electrical installation design), which can control and secure electrical devices (TV, rice cooker, reservoir, lamp, and electric safety). The system control is contained in a building/house, to avoid the danger of short circuit and fire, as well as saving on the use of electrical energy. Research shows that the control equipment has functioned properly, so it can secure and control all the electrical devices contained in a building/house, either from close range or remotely using a smartphone.
Adsorption Study for Removal of Acid Orange Dye using Modified Nano Chitosan
Authors: Hasri  , Pratiwi Diana E. , Putri Suriati E. , Alimin
Published: June 2019

So far the application of chitosan as an adsorbent still uses microscale chitosan adsorbent. The microscale chitosan has not adsorbed waste maximally either to the weight of the adsorbent usage or the target adsorption capacity. Nanoscale adsorbent size has not been widely used, especially as an adsorbent of dyes waste. Therefore, through micro-size reconstruction into nano chitosan will provide maximum opportunities in its utilization. This study reconstructs the size of chitosan into nanochitosan and binds crosslinking with phosphate. Synthesis using ionic gelation method. The crosslinked results were characterized using FTIR, PSA and SEM-EDX instruments, followed by parameter optimization including pH optimization, interaction time, adsorption capacity and application. The amount of absorbed dye concentration was analyzed using UV-Vis spectrophotometer. The measurement results showed that the physical reconstruction of chitosan was successfully carried out with a wavelength range of 246nm-260nm as an indication of nanochitosan adsorbent at pH 7-9 using 5% nanochitosan. It was concluded that the nanochitosan from the synthesis could be reused for 2 times, with desorption percentage of 86%.
Technopreneurship and Ecopreneurship on Yellow Pumpkin (Cucurbita maxima) to Produce An Industrial Based Product of Delicious Josua Pizza with A High Economic Value
Authors: Saludung Jokebet , Hamid Sundari , Paramezwary Amelda
Published: June 2019

This research is a research and development that aims to develop technopreneurship and ecopreneurship of yellow pumpkin (cucurbita maxima) based on factory product. Yellow pumpkin (cucurbita maxima) very abundant on the season in Makassar, the price is very low and thrown away into the trash that damage ecosystems because usefull unknown by the public. The public only know to use with traditional for vegetable and decoction. Therefore need to developing with technopreneurship and ecopreneurship based on factory product through research to be made high valuable economic product. The results of research have to socialized to be productive and improve people’s lives. Experimental research was conducted in laboratory will be developed in the field to application on the second research in 2019. Beginning from the first research (2018) to product models prototype of yellow pumpkin (cucurbita maxima) are delicious pizza brand Josua. Using organoleptic test with indicator are color, flavor, exture, aroma, to test of hedonic and hedonic quality. Using checklist instrument with 25 trained panelist. Datum were analyzed by descriptive with SPSS Program. The result of product is qualified and can be marketed with a high price and high valuable economic product based on factory product.
Analysis of enzymatic hydrolysis process of protein by experimental design method
Authors: Chung T-W , Wang M-Y
Published: June 2019

In this study, the defatted press cake of peanut was used as raw material to extract the protein and the extract solution was further hydrolyzed by using an enzyme mixture of alcalase and flavourzyme. Most of the peanut protein were hydrolyzed to be smaller molecules after enzymatic hydrolysis. The response surface methodology was applied to analyze the parameters and the interaction between parameters of the enzymatic hydrolysis process for the protein extraction. On the basis of the experimental results, the maximum responses were obtained as the degree of hydrolysis of 32.2% and percentage of peptides (MW < 5 kDa) of 14.6%.
Lead collection after automatic components removal from printed circuit boards as a “novel” process for noble metals recovery from WEEE
Authors: Bonelli Maria Grazia , Ferrini Mauro , Manni Andrea
Published: June 2019

In recent years, the recovery of noble metals from WEEE (Waste Electrical and Electronics Equipment) has received great attention in the academic and industrial community since it highly contributes to decrease the cost of the recycling and/or disposing of the short life cycle of electronic devices. Noble metals are mainly present in Printed Circuit Boards (PCBs) which are normally sold in bulk to specialized companies or sent to “recycling sites” where they may be open burned creating a great environmental concern. An alternate route is to further subject the PCB to a manual or automatic dismantling of the integrated circuits and chips. After a study conducted on more than 20.000 kg of WEEE, it has been shown that easily removable parts will account for 13,01% of the PCB w/w (0,75% of the whole sample) but will contain 89,50% of gold (2109 ppm). Since the removed parts are low in weight but highly enriched, lead collection could become a viable process for noble metal recovery. The main components of the above parts are the Silicon wafers. Since no bibliographic information is available on this kind of “gold matrix” the aim of the present study has been to assess the best quantity of the flux primary components (litharge, sodium bicarbonate, anhydrous borax) to enhance gold recovery. Results greater than 90% have been assessed.
Self-organized criticality of high temperature events
Authors: Liu Zuhan
Published: June 2019

The high temperature events are frequently occurred due to global climate change, which is harmful to human existence, social and economic development, water resources and ecologic environment. The goal is to improve the ability of coping extreme weather events for the whole society and promote the sustainable development of national economy. Based on the self-organized critical and previous research, this paper explored the frequency-intensity distribution of temperature change satisfied Gutenberg-Richter power-law relation. Then, a numerical sandpile model with decay coefficient is constructed to reveal inherent dynamic mechanism of high temperature events based on the idea of sand model. The study on occurring mechanism, temporal evolution and inherent dynamic behavior of high temperature events, which could provide the scientific basis and important reference for effective establishing all kinds of emergency plan such as extreme weather disaster prevention, mitigation and relief.
Characterization the geotechnical properties of a Malaysian granitic residual soil grade V
Authors: Saffari P , Nie W , Noor M J Md , Zhang X , Liang Q
Published: June 2019

Residual soils are produced from weathering of rocks and commonly found in tropical humid areas. The geotechnical properties of residual soils are a function of the parent rock, the degree of weathering, and climate which vary from region to region. A thorough quantification of the geotechnical characteristics of residual soils is required for a safe and economic structure design. This study attempts to summarize a series of important geotechnical properties of a Malaysian granitic residual soil grade V which determine the suitability and ability of the soil for construction including particles size distribution, specific gravity, plastic index, soil water characteristic curve, and shear strength. The findings were compared with geotechnical properties of other residual soils which were reported previously. The results showed weathering grade and the percentage of fine particles are the two important factors in controlling the geotechnical properties of residual soils.
The concrete footing-soil foundation seismic interaction, strain energy and stress mechanism
Authors: Namdar A
Published: June 2019

The seismic stress-strain soil foundation response needs to evaluate with high quality in geotechnical earthquake engineering design. The stress and strain are controllable in soil foundation design. In the present study, the simulated near-fault ground motion has been applied on the model and the seismic resistance of concrete footing to produce shape and magnitude of seismic stress investigated. The main objective of this study is to understand, the concept of strain energy density dissipation mechanism in geotechnical earthquake engineering. The strain energy has been discussed based on results of numerical analysis and those have been reported in the literature. The results have been found that the strain energy density dissipation mechanism meaningfully effects on concrete foundation stress mechanism production and it leads to produce seismic differential settlement mechanism for concrete footing.
Mathematical model of fuel heat ignition considering space - time nonlocality
Authors: Eremin A V , Kudinov V A , Kudinov I V , Zhukov V V , Trubitsyn K V
Published: June 2019

Using the formula of the Fourier law, which takes into account the relaxation of the heat flux and the temperature gradient, a mathematical model of thermal ignition for systems with an exothermic internal source of heat was developed, taking into account the space-time nonlocality of the heat exchange process. Studies of boundary conditions of the first and third kind showed that taking into account the local nonequilibrium leads to an increase in the delay time of thermal ignition, irrespective of the conditions of heat exchange with the environment. It is shown that if the relaxation properties of materials are taken into account, the boundary conditions (of the first, second, or third kind) cannot be taken instantly, but only in a certain range of initial time. Consequently, the amount of heat supplied to the system has a certain limit, depending on its relaxation properties. Therefore, it is possible to conclude that there is also a limit on the value of heat transfer coefficients, which cannot be exceeded under any conditions of heat exchange with the environment.
Construction and variants of the modernization of the condensing hot water boiler
Authors: Gubarev A V , Lozovoj N M
Published: June 2019

In this article are considered the main problems facing mankind, which are related with production, transformation and use of energy and fuel resources. For purposes of fuel saving and improve environmental safety of the heat supply systems of various consumers the use of decentralized heat supply systems with the installation of a condensing hot water boilers in heat source, is proposed. The substantiation of application of these heat supply systems is made. There are considered appointment, relevance of use, design features and principle of action of the fuel-saving condensing hot water boiler, developed by the employees of the Belgorod State Technological University named after V.G. Shukhov, proposed for installation as a heat generator in the heat sources of autonomous heating systems. There are considered the variants of construction of various units of the proposed boiler and the conditions of use of a particular design variant. Also, the advantages and disadvantages of various versions of the boiler design and its main components were critically evaluated, the comparison was made and the advantages of these or other design variants in front of others for different conditions were indicated.
Research of dynamic characteristics of signals for calculation of technical and economic indicators and increase in power efficiency of the equipment of thermal power plant
Authors: Sultanov M M , Boldyrev I A , Gorban Yu A
Published: June 2019

The article is devoted to questions of effective management of the power equipment of a thermal power plant in the conditions of quickly changing operating modes of power systems. The results of a research of dynamic characteristics of the signals used for calculation of technical and economic indicators of the generating sources are given. The analysis is carried out and an assessment of a possibility of increase in efficiency of updating of the current values of technical and economic indicators on the example of package boilers of block and not block thermal power plants is given. The practical recommendations of use of a new approach of measurement of dynamic characteristics of signals for calculation of efficiency of the boiler and change of parameters of operation of the power equipment are formulated.
Problems of energy supply of the main consumers of distribu-tive networks of Iraq
Authors: Averbukh M A , Zhilin E V , Abdulwahhab M W
Published: June 2019

The main purpose in this paper to study the main features of the distribution network for Iraq, which showed that the distribution network is physically and morally obsolete. Analyzing of electrical distribution networks is considered of highest priority at the present time in Iraq. This paper presents efficient practical methods for calculating the main parameters of the distribution network based on scientific and practical fundamentals. In this work the analysis is based on the advanced RasterWin3 software as a tool for the calculation of a basic parameters for distribution network performing the required analysis. RasterWin3 software is practical and efficient analysis software used by many electrical companies worldwide. The distribution network calculation was implemented (11/33) kV. The calculation results showed that the voltage deviation exceeds the maximum permissible value and is 12% in normal mode and 40% in emergency mode. Power losses in the branches of the power system of Iraq reach 20% of the consumed electricity. This is justified by the low quality of electricity and overload of the power supply system.
Evaluation of energy-saving effect during the installing process of automated heating stations in educational institutions
Authors: Bychikhin S A , Svirin M V , Trubaev P A
Published: June 2019

The aim of the work is to assess the energy-saving effect after the installation of automated individual heat points that carry out weather regulation of the heating load. The analysis was carried out for 18 educational institutions of the Belgorod region, in which energy service contracts were implemented in 2016. The data of the actual monthly consumption of heat energy during the basic heating season before the implementation of energy-saving measures and data of daily accounting of heat consumption during the two heating seasons after the installation of automated individual heat points were used. The average unit savings for all institutions was 14 per cent. It is established that the greatest value of economy, 20-30%, provides decrease in temperature in buildings to optimum level. Elimination of “overflows” in the autumn-spring period allows to save 5-10% of thermal energy. The decrease in temperature on non-working days is characterized by a small amount of savings, not more than 3%, or its absence.
Using DEA models to measure the efficiency of energy saving projects
Authors: Derevyanov M Yu , Pleshivtseva Yu E , Kordyukova L S , Rapoport A V
Published: June 2019

The paper discusses the approach for multi-criteria estimation of the efficiency of energy saving projects by the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) method. The measurement of efficiency of considered projects and the identification of sources of their inefficiency is a very important condition to put the projects into practice in industrial competitive environment. The term “energy saving project” refers to a project resulting in certain output improvements with respect to energy consumption of the technological process by spending certain inputs. Thus, the energy saving project can be treated as a production unit or Decision Making Unit (DMU). The estimation of the efficiency of energy-saving projects by DEA is illustrated here via example of an industrial enterprise for the production of cellular autoclaved aerated concrete. The nine typical inputs/outputs are used and the twelve DEA models are developed that characterize the technological, environmental, economic and comprehensive estimators of the efficiency of energy saving projects. The developed approach for multi-criteria estimation of the efficiency of energy saving projects by the DEA method has the potential of widespread use in practice for making effective management decisions on the formation of investment programs for industrial enterprises.
Creation of a new energy-efficient design of the dustexhaust system
Authors: Kireev V M , Goltsov A B , Seminenko A S , Ovsyannikov Y G
Published: June 2019

Aspiration systems of processing enterprises (local exhaust ventilation) consume a lot of electricity. The article discusses the new energy-efficient design of the aspiration system when using inclined overload gutters. Energy efficiency is the use of the principle of partial recirculation of aspirated air and the Coanda effect when it is fed directly into the transshipment chute. The article discusses in detail the new effective unit for supplying recirculated air to the reloading chute. The use of the proposed design will reduce more than twice the energy consumption of aspiration systems and the energy intensity of general ventilation systems that supply air to the room. The article provides theoretical information on the operation of systems, the results of the experiment.
Application of thermohydraulic dispatcher for existing and new district heating systems
Authors: Romanov D O , Yavorovsky Y V , Smirnov V V
Published: June 2019

Electricity consumption represents high share of operational costs in district heating (DH) systems. Recent attempts of decreasing these costs have led to appearing the idea of systems with distributed variable speed pumps (DVSP). One of the parts of such systems is thermohydraulic dispatcher (THD). This article is concerned with application of THD for DH systems. Existing DH systems with low available hydraulic head are suitable for installing THD instead of booster pumps. Electricity consumption and cost of equipment for several schemes of heat substation are estimated. Application for low temperature district heating (LTDH) systems is considered. Further ideas of development DVSP systems are proposed. Schemes of cascade systems based on THD and hydraulic profiles are presented. In result, cascade systems can reach highest possible electricity saving effect due to eliminating of throttle valves at heat source, heat substations and heat consumers.