bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Interaksi Sosial Anak-anak di Sanggar Bhineka Pencegahan, Pemberantasan, Penyalahgunaan dan Peredaraan Gelap Narkoba (P4GN) Kab. Sukoharjo
Authors: Riska Nabillaahadyah  , Endah Fajri Arianti
Published: January 2025

Sanggar Bhineka P4GN Sukoharjo, a community that focuses on developing children's knowledge, character and social skills. The volunteers at Sanggar Bhineka are students/internship students from various universities in Solo Raya and have the same goal. Data collection was carried out using a qualitative approach, namely participant observation and more in-depth interviews with children. The results of the research show that the activities carried out in the studio, such as fun games, learning and creative activities, still do not contribute significantly to improving the communication skills of some children. These findings emphasize the importance of an educational environment that supports social interaction for the development of children's character, so that children can express themselves and improve their communication skills.
Peran Komunikasi Efektif di SMPN 12 Bandung dengan Masyarakat dalam Mendukung Pembelajaran Siswa
Authors: Mazaya Faudya Nur Aufa  , Wini Anisa Apriliani  , Khansa Aulia Syahidah  , Nelly Kristin Sibarani
Published: January 2025

Effective communication between schools and the community is an essential element in supporting student learning success. This study aims to describe the role of effective communication between SMPN 12 Bandung and the community in facilitating student learning. A descriptive qualitative approach was employed, with data collected through interviews and observations. Data analysis followed three main stages: data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing/verification. The study's subject was the vice principal in charge of public relations. The findings indicate that communication between SMPN 12 Bandung and the community is well-established, enabling the school to implement various programs and activities to support student learning. These findings underscore the importance of effective communication as a means to strengthen collaboration between schools and the community. Good communication not only ensures the successful implementation of educational programs but also fosters a conducive learning environment and encourages active student participation in learning. Thus, effective communication serves as a key pillar in building collaboration among schools, the community, and students to achieve educational goals.
Eksplorasi Pengalaman Mahasiswa Magang Dalam Mengelola Proposal dan LPJ di Biro Kesejahteraan Rakyat Kantor Gubernur Sumatera Utara
Authors: Dinda Wulandari  , Ilda Safitri  , Intan Camelia  , Septi Fatma Khairan  , Syairal Fahmy Dalimunthe
Published: January 2025

This study aims to explore the experience of interns in managing proposals and accountability reports (LPJ) at the Welfare Bureau of the North Sumatra Governor's Office. The method used in this study is qualitative research with a case study approach. The result of this research is the process of managing the incoming proposal file and accountability sheet by following the rules that apply to the Administration Sub-Division, People's Welfare Bureau of the North Sumatra Governor's Office. The management of proposals and accountability reports starts from the input process, printing the disposition sheet, to numbering the files, all carried out based on the directions given.
Penguatan Sikap Bela Negara Melalui Kegiatan Study Tour Museum Pahlawan
Authors: Eka Nor Shoviana  , Siti Mundiro  , Indah Luthfiana  , Muhammad Nofan Zulfahmi
Published: January 2025

This study aims to analyze the role of study tour activities to the Heroes Museum in strengthening students' national defense attitudes. In the digital era, many young generations lack awareness of national values ​​and the history of the nation's struggle. This is indicated by the low appreciation of the services of the heroes. The Heroes Museum as a historical education space has strategic potential in instilling patriotic values ​​through direct experience. Using the literature study method, this study collected data from books and scientific articles. The results show that experience-based activities, such as museum visits, are effective in increasing students' understanding of history, heroic values, and nationalism. In addition, museum visits can build students' character, such as a sense of responsibility, discipline, and love for the country. This study concludes that a study tour to the Heroes Museum not only enriches students' historical insights, but also instills moral values ​​and builds national identity in depth.
Isu Sosial dan Etika dalam Pemanfaatan ICT
Authors: Sonang Matua Siregar  , Muhammad Irwan Padli Nasution
Published: January 2025

Increasingly, every facet of society throughout the globe is concentrating on the advancement of information technology, often known as ICT (Information and Communication Technologies). We anticipate that human resource practices will evolve in tandem with information and communication technology. In this age of globalization, proficiency with ICT (Information and Communication Technology) is crucial. The ability to access, process, and display information via computers, whether it be an intranet, an international network, or the internet, is essential for many organizations and has grown in importance over the years. Since information and communication technology (ICT) has far-reaching societal effects, it naturally gives rise to ethical questions in many domains. This essay aims to help readers comprehend the role of education in reducing the detrimental effects of immoral use of information and communication technologies. Writing think about is the approach used. With more and more people becoming smarter in data and communication innovations, it's crucial that morality becomes a central tenet of how these technologies are used, and that the general public understands this.
Integrasi Pendidikan Karakter dalam Kurikulum Berbasis Nilai Afektif dan Psikomotorik : Tantangan dan Peluang
Authors: Achmad Rasyid Ridha  , Muhammad Alfan Bahij  , Azhar Nurachman  , Rizka Setiawan
Published: January 2025

This study highlights the integration of character education through affective and psychomotor values within a curriculum. The integration aims to develop not only intellectual skills but also moral and ethical behaviors among students. Key challenges include inadequate teacher training and limited resources for evaluation. On the other hand, government support and technological advances present significant opportunities. The research employed a qualitative descriptive method, focusing on elementary and secondary schools in Indonesia. Findings suggest that collaboration between schools, families, and governments is essential. Furthermore, the use of digital tools can significantly enhance character education. Implications of the study point towards adaptive curricula and enhanced teacher training programs to overcome the challenges of integration.
Social Entrepreneurship: Bridging Service Gaps and Addressing Inequality
Authors: R. Chandini  , Ruben Shah  , Uma Shankar  , GV Radhakrishnan  , Aarti Sharma
Published: January 2025

Social entrepreneurship has emerged as a transformative force aimed at addressing societal issues while generating sustainable social and environmental impact. This study explores the role of social entrepreneurship in bridging service gaps and combating inequality, focusing on innovative business models and strategies employed by social entrepreneurs to solve critical challenges. The paper investigates how social enterprises are disrupting traditional business approaches by prioritizing social value over profit maximization, particularly in underserved communities. Key themes include the identification of gaps in public services, the role of cross-sector collaboration, and the scalability of social enterprises in addressing issues such as poverty, education, healthcare, and environmental sustainability.Through an examination of successful case studies, this paper highlights the ways in which social entrepreneurship is leveraging creativity, community-driven solutions, and resource optimization to tackle systemic inequality. The paper also addresses the challenges faced by social enterprises, including funding barriers, scaling constraints, and the difficulty in measuring social impact effectively. Furthermore, the paper discusses policy frameworks and institutional support needed to foster the growth of social entrepreneurship globally. By examining the intersection of business and social change, this paper underscores the potential of social enterprises to create lasting change and contribute to the realization of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).Ultimately, this research illustrates that social entrepreneurship is not only a viable model for addressing inequality but also a critical mechanism for social innovation, offering scalable solutions to some of the world’s most pressing challenges.
Enhanced Action Recognition through Deep Spatiotemporal Learning Using 3D CNN and GRU
Authors: Neha Bansal  , Atul Bansal  , Manish Gupta
Published: January 2025

The issues revolve around efficiently analyzing large video data streams while minimizing computer complexity and performing processing in real-time. On the other hand, it becomes more difficult to quickly react to unusual actions because of this. Also, smart homes, security systems, assisted living facilities, and health monitoring might all benefit from the ability to recognize events from video sequences. The techniques used to analyse data are still under constant scrutiny, even if sensing technology has advanced, especially with respect to 3D video. By combining 3D Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) with gated recurrent units (GRU), we have created a new method for learning spatiotemporal features in movies. We found that 3D convolutional neural networks (CNNs) acquire spatiotemporal information better than 2D CNNs using the UCF50 dataset. Using smaller 3x3x3 convolution kernels in a uniform design also improves performance. Furthermore, we found that 3D CNN with GRU integrated yields better accuracy than 3D CNN alone. The results show that GRU outperforms LSTM in terms of accuracy (89.89%) and calculation time (less than LSTM) when compared.
Analisis Kendala Dalam Pengambilan Keputusan Di UMKM Warung Ema
Authors: Farras Luthfiyyah Zahra  , Syalma Dahlia Effendi  , Nurul Ma’rifah  , Fany Laelasari  , Ujang Suherman
Published: January 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi kendala dalam pengambilan keputusan pada UMKM Warung Ema di Karawang serta mengevaluasi strategi yang diterapkan untuk mengatasinya. Dengan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif melalui studi kasus, data diperoleh dari wawancara mendalam kepada pemilik Warung Ema, Ibu Ani, serta literatur terkait sebagai data sekunder. Hasil penelitian mengungkapkan kendala-kendala seperti dalam pengelolaan tenaga kerja, pengelolaan modal dan keuangan, pengelolaan bahan baku, strategi pemasaran, dan kendala yang lainnya. Kendala utama dalam pengambilan keputusan di Warung Ema yang teridentifikasi meliputi keterbatasan tenaga kerja, akses modal, pemasaran yang masih tradisional, serta lokasi usaha yang kurang strategis. Strategi yang dilakukan mencakup optimalisasi tenaga kerja keluarga untuk efisiensi, pemilihan pemasok bahan baku berdasarkan kualitas dan harga yang kompetitif, serta pemasaran berbasis "word of mouth." Kendati demikian, keterbatasan teknologi menjadi hambatan signifikan, terutama dalam memperluas pasar melalui digitalisasi. Lokasi yang sering berpindah akibat kebijakan pemerintah juga memengaruhi stabilitas usaha. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa strategi berbasis keluarga dan adaptasi lokal dapat mendukung keberlangsungan UMKM dalam situasi sulit. Namun, untuk mendorong keberlanjutan jangka panjang, penerapan teknologi digital, akses pendanaan yang lebih kompetitif, serta pelatihan pengelolaan usaha diperlukan. Implikasi penelitian ini memberikan wawasan bagi pelaku UMKM dalam mengelola kendala pengambilan keputusan serta mengoptimalkan peluang digitalisasi. Hasil penelitian ini juga menjadi referensi bagi studi lanjutan terkait inovasi strategi adaptasi di sektor UMKM untuk mendukung pertumbuhan ekonomi lokal.
PENGARUH ECO-EFFICIENCY DAN CARBON EMISSION DISCLOSURE TERHADAP NILAI PERUSAHAAN PADA PERUSAHAAN YANG TERDAFTAR DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA
Authors: Nur Hikmah  , Mulyati Akib
Published: January 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji dampak eco-efficiency dan pengungkapan emisi karbon terhadap valuasi perusahaan yang tercatat di Bursa Efek Indonesia. Dalam menghadapi persaingan perusahaan yang semakin ketat, perusahaan tidak hanya harus mengoptimalkan pendapatan tetapi juga mempertimbangkan dampak lingkungan dari kegiatan mereka. Gagasan efisiensi lingkungan dan transparansi emisi karbon diantisipasi untuk meningkatkan evaluasi yang menguntungkan investor. Strategi studi yang digunakan adalah pendekatan kuantitatif dengan menggunakan analisis regresi data panel, yang melibatkan 17 perusahaan di dalam industri pertambangan dari tahun 2021 hingga 2023. Temuan tersebut menunjukkan bahwa efisiensi lingkungan dan pengungkapan emisi karbon tidak secara signifikan mempengaruhi nilai perusahaan. Temuan ini mengindikasikan bahwa meskipun perusahaan melakukan praktik ramah lingkungan, skeptisisme investor terhadap kredibilitas pengungkapan dapat mengurangi dampak positifnya. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat menjadi referensi bagi perusahaan dalam meningkatkan komunikasi mengenai komitmen lingkungan dan bagi investor dalam mempertimbangkan faktor lingkungan dalam pengambilan keputusan investasi.
L’evoluzione normativa e le problematiche giuridiche della ‘questione balneare’
Authors: Cutolo Alessandra
Published: January 2025

Le concessioni demaniali marittime sono al centro di uno dei dibattiti più accesi dell’ultimo ventennio. La difficile configurazione dell’istituto della concessione di beni a livello comunitario, l’incompatibilità del sistema delle proroghe ex lege nazionali e la condotta attendista del legislatore italiano hanno indotto dottrina e giurisprudenza ad affannarsi nel tentativo di porre rimedio all’assenza di un sistema normativo omogeneo. Il contributo sviluppa una breve indagine su questi temi, mettendo in evidenza come l’acuirsi del contrasto giurisprudenziale abbia spinto il legislatore verso una serie di interventi normativi doverosi, anche se non sempre di pacifica attuazione, fino a condurre il Paese nella stagione di riforma in cui si trova oggi e di cui è ancora difficile prevedere l’esito.
The meritocratic degree of the Academic evaluation in Italy. Should artificial intelligence be used in this context?
Authors: Chirumbolo Salvatore
Published: January 2025

The increasing emphasis on publication quantity over quality in academic evaluation has raised concerns about the integrity of meritocratic assessments in Italy. This study explores the impact of Letters to the Editor (LTEs) and Correspondences on reputation indices, such as the h-index, and proposes an algorithm to minimize their disproportionate influence. The proliferation of AI tools, including machine learning and chatbots, has further complicated academic evaluation by enabling rapid manuscript production, potentially inflating publication counts without corresponding research depth. This paper introduces a weighted algorithm that adjusts the h-index by assigning lower weights to LTEs and Correspondences, based on predefined parameters. Using example datasets, the adjusted h-index significantly reduced scores compared to the original, reflecting more accurate merit assessments. Statistical analysis revealed a high correlation between original and adjusted h-indices (Pearson r = 0.98, Spearman r = 0.94), yet highlighted a weak correlation between letter contributions and rank order (r = -0.04). Paired t-tests confirmed significant differences between the two indices (p = 0.0393). The proposed method effectively penalizes superficial publications while preserving the value of full-length research articles. This approach offers a rigorous and mathematically grounded framework for evaluating academic productivity, particularly in high-stakes settings like Italy’s National Scientific Qualification competitions. Furthermore, integrating AI tools into evaluation systems could enhance transparency and fairness, reducing biases and legal disputes related to subjective judgments. Future research should refine these metrics for broader disciplinary applications, ensuring a balanced assessment of academic contributions in the era of artificial intelligence and automated publishing tools.
A Simple Frequency Domain-Based Chipless Radio Frequency Identifier (RFID) System
Authors: Donelli Massimo , Mulloni Viviana , Marchi Giada , Dal Chiele Irene
Published: January 2025

This paper proposes a chip-less RFID tag based on microstrip resonators that works in the microwave frequency bands. The chip-less tag proposed is low-cost, easy to fabricate, and can be read wirelessly at long distances. Two tag prototypes, one with a single and the other with multiple resonators, have been designed, fabricated, and experimentally assessed. In particular, microstrip square resonators slotted in the center and loaded with capacitive structures have been considered. Moreover, to improve the sensibility and the operative range and to avoid alignment problems, the tags have been mounted on the focus of a linear 2D parabolic mirror. The obtained results are quite satisfactory in terms of operative range, sensibility, and accuracy. The preliminary experimental assessment shows that the proposed chip-less configuration can be easily adapted to different application scenarios to improve the passive signal and wireless reading capability.
Muhammad ibn Musa al-Khwarizmi: The Pioneer of Algorithms and His Enduring Legacy in Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Elamin Mustafa Osman I.
Published: January 2025

Muhammad ibn Musa al-Khwarizmi, a pivotal figure of the Islamic Golden Age, established foundational principles for modern computation and artificial intelligence (AI). This article examines his transformative contributions to mathematics, particularly his seminal work, The Compendious Book on Calculation by Completion and Balancing, which introduced algebra as a systematic discipline. Al-Khwarizmi’s development of algorithms—structured problem-solving methods—shaped medieval and contemporary computational sciences. His introduction of the Hindu-Arabic numeral system, including the concept of zero, revolutionized arithmetic, enabling advancements in science, engineering, and technology. The article highlights the profound connection between Al-Khwarizmi’s methodologies and modern AI applications, such as machine learning and neural networks, which rely on systematic algorithms. It also explores the intellectual ecosystem of the Abbasid Caliphate’s House of Wisdom in Baghdad, emphasizing its role in fostering innovation and interdisciplinary collaboration. This study challenges Eurocentric narratives, shedding light on the contributions of non-Western civilizations to modern technological paradigms. Keywords: Al-Khwarizmi, Algorithms, Algebra, Artificial Intelligence, Islamic Golden Age.
Out-of-Court Settlement of Customary Land Rights Disputes of the Malamoi Tribe within the Framework of Land Law Reform
Authors: Lestaluhu Rajab , Kurniati Nia , . Gusrizal , Judiasih Sonny Dewi
Published: January 2025

Indonesia faces the challenge of balancing food security and forest preservation while ensuring its legal system serves as both a foundation and driver of effective governance. This study examines customary dispute resolution within the Malamoi tribe, focusing on the resolution of customary land disputes and its implications for land law reform. The research employs a normative juridical approach, utilizing document studies for data collection and normative qualitative analysis. Findings reveal that the Malamoi tribe maintains customary law as a means of resolving disputes, providing a sense of justice and restoring balance in their community through traditional court processes and sanctions. However, these customary decisions lack formal legal recognition, as Sorong City does not have regulations supporting the application of Malamoi customary law. Despite this, customary land release conditions set by tribal chiefs are acknowledged for land ownership registration. Furthermore, the study proposes judicial recognition of customary resolutions within Indonesia’s legal framework to address conflicts between customary and national court decisions, particularly concerning land disputes crucial for community livelihoods. This approach aligns with efforts to reform land law and harmonize customary and formal legal systems.
Do domestic direct investment, foreign direct investment, exports, and government spending matter for Indonesia's economic growth?
Authors: Prastika Bella Nova , Mardhani Martahadi , Miswar
Published: January 2025

This research aims to examine the influence of domestic direct investment (DDI), foreign direct investment (FDI), exports, and government spending on economic growth in Indonesia from 2006 to 2021, both simultaneously and partially. Time series data are used, with multiple linear regression employed for analysis. The findings indicate that DDI and government spending significantly affect economic growth, while FDI also has a significant impact. In contrast, exports have no significant effect on economic growth. These results highlight the importance of domestic investment and government expenditure in driving economic growth in Indonesia.
Midwifery Project Besti Omatin (Balita Bebas Stunting Dengan Olahan Makanan Ikan Patin) Berbahan Pangan Lokal Di Desa Sungai Tabuk Kota
Authors: Agustina Adita Rahma , Kusvitasari Hairiana , Hasanah Siti Noor
Published: January 2025

Permasalahan stunting merupakan salah satu fokus pemerintah di bidang kesehatan. Stunting bukan hanya terkait dengan tinggi badan anak di bawah standar yang ditetapkan. Stunting dan kekurangan gizi lainnya pada 1.000 Hari Pertama Kehidupan (HPK). Faktor resiko stunting, salah satunya terkait status gizi. Tujuan dari kegiatan ini yaitu bagi wanita usia subur (WUS) yang memiliki balita dapat memahami mengenai pengolahan makanan tambahan berbahan pangan lokal yang dikemas secara sehat dan menarik untuk disajikan kepada balita dengan melakukan praktek pembuatan nugget ikan patin untuk menekan angka prevalensi stunting. Kegiatan dilakukan dengan sasaran WUS yang memiliki Balita di RT.02 Desa Sungai Tabuk Kota. Pertama, diadakan penyampaian hasil pengkajian data serta permasalahan yang diangkat. Kedua, dilaksanakan midwifery project pengolahan makanan berbahan pangan lokal ikan patin melalui demo masak pembuatan nugget ikan patin. Hasil dari kegiatan pengabdian ini dihadiri peserta sebanyak 35 orang dan mendapat apresiasi positif dari aparat pemerintah desa maupun dari pihak Puskesmas yang saat pelaksanaan kegiatan ikut berhadir. Peserta juga sangat antusias mengikuti kegiatan dari awal sampai akhir terlihat tanya jawab dari peserta demo masak. Dari hasil penelitian tingkat pengetahuan peserta sesudah diberikan edukasi mengenai stunting dalam kategori baik (86,6%), dalam kategori cukup (13,4%). Hal ini dapat diartikan ada peningkatan  yang signifikan untuk pengetahuan sesudah dilakukan edukasi stunting. Melalui program ini diharapkan dapat meningkatkan pemahaman WUS mengenai perbaikan pola makan, dan mencegah stunting dengan protein hewani, serta pengolahan makanan tambahan yang berbahan pangan lokal.
Design Of A Geographic Information System For Mapping Crime-Prone Areas In The City Of Pinang Web-Based
Authors: Kurniawan Ardi Ari , Aji Agung Prasetyo , Firmanto Tudi , Fadhil Ahmad
Published: January 2025

One of the information systems that can help map an area is a Geographic Information System (GIS). GIS helps researchers, managers, and decision makers in solving problems, one of which can be implemented in mapping crime-prone areas. Crimes that often occur in the jurisdiction of the Kota Pinang Police Station are persecution and beatings, bullying, theft, fraud and so on. Because there is no GIS that can map existing crime-prone locations, so that people are still looking for criminal location information through the nearest police station and the police are still recording criminal cases manually. So a geographic information system was built that can map crime-prone locations in the Kota Pinang Police Station using the Rapid Application Development (RAD) method. The main feature of this geographic information system is to display the number of crime points based on the year and the location of crime-prone areas. The test results obtained, recorded 58 types of crime at 12 crime-prone points in the Kota Pinang area in 2024. With this web-based Geographic Information System, the police can easily record crime-prone areas, as well as the general public who want to know the crime-prone areas by simply looking at the data contained in this system.
O‘ZBEKISTON RESPUBLIKASIDA NOISLOMIY DINIY TASHKILOTLAR VA ULARNING FAOLIYATINI MUVOFIQLASHTIRISH MUAMMOLARI
Authors: Ibodullayeva Gulhayo
Published: January 2025

From the first years of independence, as well as changes in all spheres of social life, positive processes began to be observed in the attitude towards religion. freedom was guaranteed by law. This article discusses the history of the implementation of the project.
Consumer Preferences and Industry Practices in Biodegradable Packaging and Sustainable Environment
Authors: Ratković Nada , Venkateswaran P.S. , Paramasivan P. , Rajest S. Suman , Regin R.
Published: January 2025

Biodegradable packaging is gaining traction as a sustainable alternative. This study examines consumer perceptions of biodegradable packaging and their influence on product choices and satisfaction. A survey was conducted to measure perceived quality, value, consumer preferences, industry practices, and customer satisfaction. Correlation analysis revealed positive relationships between all constructs, suggesting that consumers who perceive higher quality and value in biodegradable packaging are also more likely to prefer it, be aware of industry practices related to it, and experience higher satisfaction with products using it. Regression analyses confirmed that perceived quality has a significant positive impact on choosing products with biodegradable packaging, and perceived value has a significant positive effect on consumer preference for it. However, only perceived quality directly influences customer satisfaction in this model. These findings suggest that both perceived quality and value are important for influencing consumer behavior toward biodegradable packaging. Firms can leverage these insights by focusing on enhancing packaging quality, clearly communicating its environmental benefits and product protection aspects, and educating consumers about its advantages. Further research is recommended to explore the potentially indirect role of perceived value and the influence of pricing strategies on consumer choices.
guerra
Authors: Neira Hernán
Published: January 2025

Es necesario volver a examinar el concepto de guerra y su evolución en la historia de la filosofía; la variación de su concepto en relación con distintos contextos tienen mucho que enseñar. Ello no se debe sólo por razones paleontológicas y etnohistóricas, sino la medida en que se vincula con redes de circulación del dinero y en que muchas confrontaciones bélicas contemporáneas son conducidas por grupos no estatales cuya capacidad militar se incrementa en la misma medida en que dejan de ser conducidas por los Estados o al menos dejan de ser conducidas por ellos directamente. La falta de comprensión de estas nuevas guerras y lo poco que el concepto de derecho de guerra contemporáneo puede decir de ellas tiene que ver con cierto atavismo filosófico que las vincula principal o exclusivamente a confrontaciones entre Estados. El concepto marxista de lucha de clases (Klassenkrieg), propuesto por Marx y Lenin como detonante de algunos conflictos interestatales pone el acento en una teoría de las clases sociales que de la guerra, aunque su discusión debe incorporarse a definición del concepto de guerra. Que hoy se esté en una situación de Tercera Guerra Mundial de carácter híbrido y permanente es mucho más aceptable si se admite que actualmente sólo en una minoría de casos sean los Estados sus principales conductores directos, los cuales más bien reaccionan ante guerras, pero ya no siempre las conducen. Una capacidad destructiva que hasta la Segunda Guerra Mundial era casi exclusiva de sujetos estatales se ha distribuido y multiplicado hoy entre múltiples categorías de sujetos bélicos, con lógicas autónomas, apoyados de forma medianamente encubierta o abierta por potencias estatales; el concepto filosófico de guerra debe hacerse cargo de los diferentes sujetos bélicos, como ya esbozó Carl Schmitt en La teoría del partisano (Schmitt, 2022).
Comparison of Stapled Hemorrhoidopexy With Traditional Excisional Surgery For Hemorrhoidal Disease: An Updated Systematic Review
Authors: Atep Lutpia Pahlepi  , Ibrahim Risyad Pradana  , Rostikawaty Azizah
Published: January 2025

Background: Hemorrhoid patients encounter prolonged postoperative discomfort following conventional hemorrhoid surgery, resulting in delays in resuming work and daily routines. Stapled hemorrhoidopexy emerges as a novel approach, potentially enhancing pain management and recovery. This study aims to systematically review the comparison of stapled hemorrhoidopexy and conventional open hemorrhoidectomy in literatures of the last 5 years. Methods: The systematic review followed PRISMA 2020 standards and examined full-text English literature published between 2019 and 2024. This review excluded editorials, review papers from the same journal, and submissions without a DOI. Literature was sourced from online platforms such as PubMed, SagePub, SpringerLink, and Google Scholar. Result: A total of  1,099   articles were retrieved from online databases (PubMed, SagePub, SpringerLink and Google Scholar). After three rounds of screening, four articles directly relevant to the systematic review were selected for full-text reading and analysis. Conclusion: Stapled hemorrhoidopexy exhibited superior short-term outcomes compared to traditional hemorrhoidectomy. However, the traditional method had a lower recurrence rate compared to stapled hemorrhoidopexy.
Identification of Factors Associated with Self-awareness among Diabetic Patients Attending AlZaher Primary Health Care Center in Makkah AlMukarramah City 2024
Authors: Alawi Hani , Khogeer Hatim , Azab Yaser , Aljumayi Sultan , Alzahrani Abdullah , Fatani Idris , Boshnag Mohammed , Mutair Wail , Hasan Malak , Almalki Abdullah , mutair Nader , Maher Ahmed , Alotaibi Majdi Saad , Almasoudi Khalid , Alotaian Nawaf , Alotaibi Khalid Saad , Alshihri Faez , Albeshri Hasan , Alawi Abdulmalik
Published: January 2025

Background: The prevalence of diabetes is rising worldwide, especially in poorer nations. It is anticipated to emerge as the sixth main cause of mortality globally by 2030. The factors linked to self-awareness in diabetes patients are still debated.Aim: To identify factors associated with self-awareness among diabetic patients attending Al-Zaher primary health care center (PHCC), Makkah Almukaramah City, Saudi Arabia 2024Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed using a randomized sample of diabetes patients visiting Al-Zaher Primary Health Care Center in Makkah AlMukarramah city. The used questionnaire included demographic information and data on the patient's beliefs and attitudes toward diabetes mellitus (DM). The statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS. A P-value below 0.05 was deemed significant.Results: The study included 523 patients with T2DM in different genders, age categories from 20 to 70 years and education levels. The majority of respondents were married (79.3%). 53.5% of respondents were fully informed of their health conditions, however 52% were not confident in managing their diabetes. 60% of patients stated that regular diabetic follow-up every one to two months would assist in maintaining their health. 50.7% of respondents said there is a significant likelihood of getting diabetic issues in the future. While 50.9% of respondents felt that diabetes may be remedied with medicine, 47% of them thought that those with diabetes would have a shorter lifespan compared to those without the condition. 48% of patients selected meals optimal for their health, whereas 51.6% engaged in exercise at least three times weekly to enhance blood glucose regulation. Nonetheless, 51.1% of them sometimes missed doses of diabetic medicine. The average total score of patients' self-awareness about diabetes mellitus was 6.8±3.9, with a median of 8 (range 1-13).Conclusion: The study found inadequate self- awareness among diabetic patients. Male gender, younger age and high education level are the significant factors associated with high self-awareness toward DM. The study highlights the need for educational programs to improve self-awareness and empower patients, especially females, older individuals, and those with lower education levels, in Saudi Arabia.
Vitamin K epoxide reductase complex subunit 1 gene promoter polymorphism - a potential genetic basis for survival from thromboembolism in COVID-19
Authors:   Sarajevo Medical School, University Sarajevo School of Science and Technology, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Causevic Mirsada , Sahbaz Amina ,   Sarajevo Medical School, University Sarajevo School of Science and Technology, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Galijasevic Nedim ,   Sarajevo Medical School, University Sarajevo School of Science and Technology, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Sikalo Lamija ,   Sarajevo Medical School, University Sarajevo School of Science and Technology, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Jankovic Slobodan ,   Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia, Begic Edin ,   Sarajevo Medical School, University Sarajevo School of Science and Technology, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina,   Department of Cardiology, General Hospital “Prim.dr.Abdulah Nakas”, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
Published: January 2025

Introduction. The coronavirus induced disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by the severe acute respiratory coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which was identified in patients in China in 2019, was pronounced a pandemic in March 2020. It resulted in more than 7 million deaths worldwide. As hypercoagulation emerged as its key pathological hallmark, the objective of this study was to investigate if a polymorphism within the VKORC1 gene, which plays a role in the vitamin K-dependent blood coagulation pathway, contributed to the survival from thrombosis in individuals who developed some form of it during their COVID-19.
Methods. This was an observational, case-control study. Characterization of the VKORC1 -1639G>A (rs9923231) polymorphism-associated genotypes was carried out in cases (N=16), volunteers who developed some form of thromboembolism during COVID-19, but who survived from it, and controls (N=32), volunteers who did not develop any form of thromboembolism during COVID-19, by using polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism method, followed by Sanger sequencing of the VKORC1 gene promoter-specific, polymerase chain reaction-amplified products.
Results. Our preliminary data indicate that the variant or A allele, which is associated with intermediate or low blood coagulability, is more frequently present within the VKORC1 gene of individuals who developed some form of thromboembolism during their COVID-19, but who survived from it, than the wild-type or G allele, which is associated with standard or high blood coagulability.
Conclusion. These results warrant further studies into the role of the VKORC1 promoter-associated polymorphism in the COVID-19-associated coagulopathy, as the specific VKORC1 genotypes could become genetic biomarkers for prediction of a thrombotic state during COVID-19, and possibly, other thrombosis-associated diseases and disorders.
Keywords: COVID-19, Hypercoagulability, Thrombosis, Venous thromboembolism, Vitamin K epoxide reductase
Correlation Between MRI Findings, ODI, and VAS Score in Lumbar Disc Herniation
Authors:   Clinic for Radiology, Clinical University Centre of Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Hasanovic-Vuckovic Suada , Milisic Lejla ,   Clinic for Radiology, Clinical University Centre of Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Dervisevic Lejla ,   Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Hasanbegovic Ilvana ,   Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Ajanovic Zurifa ,   Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Skopljak-Beganovic Amra ,   Clinic for Nuclear Medicine, Clinical University Centre of Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Sarac-Hadzihalilovic Aida
Published: January 2025

Introduction. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the preferred method for diagnosing the causes of lumboischialgia, as it offers the highest sensitivity and specificity compared to other imaging techniques. In clinical practice, there is often a notable discrepancy between patients’ clinical symptoms and the radiological findings. While there are various clinical tests for lumboischialgia, the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) and the Visual Analogue Score (VAS) are the most commonly used and reliable. This article aims to explore the correlation between patients’ subjective pain experiences and their level of disability due to lumboischialgia and disc herniation as detected by MRI.
Methods. In this prospective clinical study, a total of 100 patients of both genders, aged 18 to 65 years, were included. These patients were referred for magnetic resonance imaging of the lumbar spine due to complaints of lumboischialgia. MRI of the lumbar spine was performed, and the extent of degenerative changes was evaluated. Participants completed a questionnaire regarding their subjective pain experience and functional status, and the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) and Visual Analogue Score (VAS) were calculated.
Results. The statistical analysis revealed a significant correlation between the severity of disc herniation (classification) and the intensity of spinal pain (p = 0.010), as well as with the disability index (p = 0.003).
Conclusion. A statistically significant relationship was confirmed between the levels of pain and disability and the degree of intervertebral disc herniation observed on MRI images of the lumbar spine.
Keywords: lumbal disk herniation, lumboischialgia, pain.
"Assessing the Impact of Lifestyle, Anthropometric, and Cardiac Autonomic Parameters on Gestational Diabetes Mellitus classified through DIPSI criteria"
Authors: Siddiqui Dr. Sana , Manik Dr. Khaleel Ahmed
Published: January 2025

Introduction - Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a prevalent condition that poses significant risks to both maternal and fetal health. This study aims to assess the impact of lifestyle factors (diet), anthropometric parameters (BMI, weight, height), and cardiac autonomic function, measured through heart rate variability (HRV), on the development of GDM in pregnant women. Methods - A cross-sectional study of pregnant women in their first or second trimester was conducted, with lifestyle, anthropometric, and HRV data collected, alongside GDM screening through oral glucose challenge tests by DIPSI criteria.Results - The results reveal significant correlations between higher BMI, non-vegetarian dietary patterns, and reduced HRV with increased GDM risk.Additionally, women with lower HRV metrics (e.g., SDNN, LF/HF ratio) showed a higher likelihood of developing GDM. Conclusion -The findings highlight the critical role of lifestyle interventions and HRV monitoring in reducing GDM risk and improving maternal health outcomes.Study underscores the importance of integrating cardiac autonomicassessments in antenatal care and promoting lifestyle modifications to mitigate the risk of GDM, providing actionable insights for public health strategies.
Regulating AI in Legal Practice: Challenges and Opportunities
Authors: Zahra Yatama
Published: January 2025

The integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in legal practice is transforming the legal profession by enhancing efficiency and accessibility while presenting significant ethical and regulatory challenges. AI applications such as predictive analytics, automated document drafting, and AI-driven legal research hold immense potential to reduce administrative burdens, streamline case management, and improve access to justice. However, issues such as algorithmic bias, lack of transparency, and data privacy concerns raise critical questions about fairness and accountability in AI-driven decision-making. This study aims to analyze the dual landscape of challenges and opportunities associated with AI adoption in legal practice, emphasizing the need for balanced regulatory frameworks. A systematic review of existing literature was conducted to identify the obstacles and benefits of AI integration. Key challenges include algorithmic biases, inadequate legal frameworks, and the digital divide among legal professionals, while opportunities range from cost reduction to improved dispute resolution processes. The findings contribute to ongoing discussions on AI governance by proposing actionable strategies such as fairness audits, explainable AI practices, and targeted training programs for legal professionals.
Implementation of PDCA and Seven Tools to Handle Obstacles in the KCl Screw Material Machine at PT Petrokimia Gresik
Authors: Burhanuddin Muhammad , Jufriyanto Moh. , Rizqi Akhmad Wasiur
Published: January 2025

This study applies the Plan-Do-Check-Act (PDCA) method and the Seven Tools of Quality Control to address jamming issues in the screw machine handling KCl at PT Petrokimia Gresik. Frequent jams caused by wires and cement slurry led to downtime and production losses. PDCA was chosen for its systematic approach to problem-solving. In the Plan phase, check sheets and Pareto analysis identified wires (75%) and cement slurry (25%) as primary causes. The Do phase implemented modifications, including installing a handhole for cleaning and a drain to remove coarse materials. The Check phase showed zero jams and downtime in December 2023, a significant improvement from previous monthly downtime of up to 2 hours. The Act phase standardized these changes into operating procedures and included operator training to enhance raw material supervision. Results showed improved operational efficiency by an average of 1.5 hours monthly and eliminated downtime. This highlights the value of structured methodologies and teamwork between maintenance and operations. Future recommendations include using PDCA and Seven Tools as standard approaches for problem-solving across various machines and processes at PT Petrokimia Gresik.
Comparing Algorithms in Sentiment Analysis on DUKCAPIL App Reviews on Playstore Using Ensemble Learning Methods
Authors: Putrayasa Putu , Utami Ema , Marco Robert
Published: January 2025

The development of information and communication technology has significantly influenced public services, particularly through the adoption of mobile applications like DUKCAPIL, which simplifies access to population administration services. This study aims to analyze sentiment regarding the application by employing ensemble learning techniques and the SMOTE method to address data imbalance. The Extra Trees algorithm is compared against nine other algorithms, including Random Forest, Gradient Boosting, and LSTM. Extra Trees achieves the highest accuracy of 95.29% and outperforms in precision, recall, and F1-score. Deep learning models showed improved accuracy from 76.34% in the initial epoch to 91.56% in the final epoch. XGBoost and Random Forest also demonstrated strong performances, with accuracies of 90.55% and 92.66%, respectively. The results underline the superiority of Extra Trees in terms of stability and accuracy while highlighting the potential of deep learning for model enhancement. These findings provide valuable insights for the development of mobile application-based public services.
Functional Outcomes of Proximal Humerus Fractures with PHILOS in a Tertiary Care Setup
Authors: Naveed Hussain Khatana  , Hafeez ur Rehman  , Shahjahan Siyal  , Usman Mehmood  , Saad Iqbal  , Abdul Rafay
Published: January 2025

Background: Proximal humerus fractures are favorably classified according to AO classification and NEERS classification. Proximal humeral internal locking system (PHILOS) is representative of locking plates. In spite of being superior to conventional plates PHILOS is associated with complications. Objective: To determine the functional outcomes of proximal humerus fractures treated by PHILOS (Prximal Humerus Interlocking Osteo-synthesis system). Material and Methods: Overall 94 patients were included and operated using PHILOS by deltoid splitting approach. Patients were discharged on 3rd postoperative day. Skin staples were removed at 15th day. Arm was kept in polysling for 3 weeks. After 3 weeks pendulum exercises and range of motion exercises were started. Functional outcomes were assessed by Constant shoulder score at 6 weeks and 3 months. Descriptive statistics were calculated. Stratification was done and post-stratification chi square test was applied considering p-value ≤0.05 as significant. Results: Total 68.1% patients were male and 31.9% were female. The mean constant murley’s shoulder score after 6 weeks and 3 months was 57.10±7.02 and 87.54±9.64. as per Neer classification 9.6% had part-II, 81.9% had part-III and 8.55 had part-IV fracture. The functional outcome assessed by constant shoulder score status showed 59.6% had moderate and 40.4% had poor after 6 weeks and after 3 months 74.5% had excellent, 18.1% had good and 7.4% had moderate outcome. Conclusion: In our study, 74.5% patients had excellent, 18.1% had good and 7.4% had moderate functional outcome at end of follow-up after 3 months.
Fat Embolism Syndrome in a Pediatric Trauma Pa6ent: A Rare but Life- Threatening Complica6on of Long Bone Fracture
Authors:   Service de réanimation, Hôpital d’Enfant de Rabat, Université Mohamed V Souissi, Rabat, Maroc, Ed-dafali Larbi , Outhmane Maalbi , Chaar Ayoub , Mosadik Ahlam , Bentalha Aziza , Elkoraichi Alae , Ech-cherif Kettani Selma
Published: January 2025

Fat embolism syndrome (FES) is a set of systemic manifestations generally occurring following trauma to a long bone. In children there is little data in the literature because it is a less common pathology than in adults. It is a syndrome which poses a diagnostic problem and whose management is only symptomatic, and where prevention plays the most important role. It is a serious complication which can jeopardize the functional or vital prognosis. Our work is an observation of a 15-year-old girl who presented with FES following a femur trauma whose stabilization was delayed. The aim of this work is to show the benefit of knowing how to make this diagnosis in children when faced with suggestive signs, especially in context of trauma.