bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
High-resolution Elemental Abundance Measurements of Cool JWST Planet Hosts Using AutoSpecFit: An Application to the Sub-Neptune K2-18b’s Host M Dwarf
Authors: Hejazi Neda , Crossfield Ian J. M. , Souto Diogo , Brande Jonathan , Nordlander Thomas , Marfil Emilio , Cunha Katia , Coria David R. , Maas Zachary G. , Polanski Alex S. , Hinkel Natalie R. , Hand Joseph E.
Published: September 2024

We present an in-depth, high-resolution spectroscopic analysis of the M dwarf K2-18, which hosts a sub-Neptune exoplanet in its habitable zone. We show our technique to accurately normalize the observed spectrum, which is crucial for a proper spectral fitting. We also introduce a new automatic, line-by-line, model-fitting code, AutoSpecFit, which performs an iterative χ
2 minimization process to measure individual elemental abundances of cool dwarfs. We apply this code to the star K2-18, and measure the abundance of 10 elements: C, O, Na, Mg, Al, K, Ca, Sc, Ti, and Fe. We find these abundances to be moderately supersolar, except for Fe, with a slightly subsolar abundance. The accuracy of the inferred abundances is limited by the systematic errors due to uncertain stellar parameters. We also derive the abundance ratios associated with several planet-building elements such as Al/Mg, Ca/Mg, Fe/Mg, and (a solar-like) C/O = 0.568 ± 0.026, which can be used to constrain the chemical composition and the formation location of the exoplanet. On the other hand, the planet K2-18 b has attracted considerable interest, given the JWST measurements of its atmospheric composition. Early JWST studies reveal an unusual chemistry for the atmosphere of this planet, which is unlikely to be driven by formation in a disk of unusual composition. The comparison between the chemical abundances of K2-18 b from future JWST analyses and those of the host star can provide fundamental insights into the formation of this planetary system.
Different Influence of Gas Accretion on the Evolution of Star-forming and Non-star-forming Galaxies
Authors: Bao Min , Zhao Wenlong , Yuan Qirong
Published: September 2024

Using integral field spectroscopic data from the Mapping Nearby Galaxies at Apache Point Observatory survey, we investigate the spatially resolved properties and empirical relations of a star-forming galaxy and a non-star-forming galaxy hosting counterrotating stellar disks (CRDs). The DESI g, r, z color images reveal no evidence of merger remnants in either galaxy, suggesting that gas accretion fuels the formation of CRDs. Based on the visible counterrotation in the stellar velocity field, we can fit a spatial boundary to distinguish the inner and outer regions dominated by two stellar disks in each galaxy. In the inner region of the star-forming CRDs, stars are corotating with ionized gas, and the stellar population is younger. Comparison of the star-forming main-sequence relations between the inner and outer regions reveals enhanced star formation in the inner region. Given the abundant preexisting gas in the star-forming galaxy, collisions between preexisting and external gas efficiently consume angular momentum, triggering star formation in the inner region. Conversely, in the outer region of the non-star-forming CRDs, stars are corotating with ionized gas, and the stellar population is younger. Comparison of the stellar mass–metallicity relations between the inner and outer regions indicates enriched gas-phase metallicity in the outer region. Considering the less abundant preexisting gas in the non-star-forming galaxy, external gas could preserve angular momentum, fueling star formation in the outer region. Overall, gas accretion exhibits different influences on the evolution of star-forming and non-star-forming galaxies.
Quantifying the High Early Solar Cosmic-Ray Flux with Cosmogenic Neon Isotopes in Refractory Minerals
Authors: Yang Xin , Ciesla Fred J. , Heck Philipp R.
Published: September 2024

An enhancement in the activity of the early young Sun resulting in a high charged particle flux has been invoked to explain excesses in spallation-induced nuclides in primitive planetary materials. Astronomical observations of energetic outbursts of young stellar objects (YSOs) also support the idea of an active young Sun. However, the early solar cosmic-ray (SCR) flux has not been well constrained. Here we use measured concentrations of SCR-produced nuclides that formed and are preserved in meteoritical hibonite and spinel, some of the solar system’s oldest solids, and physical models for dust transport in the early protoplanetary disk to determine the magnitude of the early SCR flux. We focus our attention on cosmogenic neon, which cannot have been inherited from precursors and can only be produced in situ in solids. Our modeled effective exposure time to SCRs for these solids is very short, on the order of years. This indicates that the young Sun’s SCR flux recorded in refractory mineral hibonite was up to ∼7 orders of magnitude higher than the contemporary level. Our flux estimate is consistent with the >105× enhanced flux inferred from astronomical observations of greatly enhanced flare activities of YSOs.
A survey of tube spiders (Araneae, Anyphaenidae) from Jinggangshan National Nature Reserve, Jiangxi Province, China
Authors: Wang Zhongjing , Tang Ziying , Yao Yanbin , Huang Shihui , Liu Keke
Published: September 2024

Although there have been many recent taxonomic revisions and large-scale faunistic surveys focusing on spiders from Jiangxi Province, many taxa still remain unknown, such as the Anyphaenidae spiders. Therefore, none of the anyphaenid species has been recorded from this Province.

Anyphaenidae spiders were collected from Jinggangshan National Nature Reserve, Jiangxi Province, China, during the past ten years. A new tube spider species, Anyphaena leidashi Yao & Liu, sp. nov. is diagnosed, described and illustrated. Moreover, three species including A. mogan Song & Chen, 1987, A. wuyi Zhang, Zhu & Song, 2005 and Rathalos xiushanensis (Song & Zhu, 1991) are recorded from Jiangxi Province for the first time. Distributions records are given for all investigated species.
Two new species of Dendrostoma (Erythrogloeaceae, Diaporthales) associated with Castanea mollissima canker disease in China
Authors: Jiang Ning , Qi Xiaojie , Qi Baoxin , Cai Fang , Xue Han , Li Yong
Published: September 2024

The genus Dendrostoma is known to inhabit tree barks associated with branch canker diseases in China and several countries of Europe. Previous studies indicated that species of Dendrostoma prefer inhabiting fagaceous hosts, especially species of Castanea. In the present study, we obtained four isolates from cankered branches of Chinese chestnut (C. mollissima) in Rizhao City, Shandong Province, China. Morphological comparisons and phylogenetical analyses of a combined ITS-tef1-rpb2 sequence matrix were conducted, which revealed two new species named Dendrostoma rizhaoensesp. nov. and D. tianiisp. nov. The new taxa are compared with other Dendrostoma species and comprehensive descriptions and illustrations are provided herein.
New species of Diaporthe (Diaporthaceae, Diaporthales) from Bauhinia variegata in China
Authors: Zhu Yaquan , Ma Lei , Xue Han , Li Yong , Jiang Ning
Published: September 2024

Diaporthe species are known as endophytes, saprobes and pathogens infecting a wide range of plants and resulting in important crop diseases. In the present study, four strains of Diaporthe were obtained from diseased leaves of Bauhinia variegata in Guangdong Province, China. Phylogenetic analyses were conducted to identify these strains using five gene regions: internal transcribed spacer (ITS), calmodulin (cal), histone H3 (his3), translation elongation factor 1-α (tef1) and β-tubulin (tub2). The results combined with morphology revealed two new species of Diaporthe named D. bauhiniicola in D. arecae species complex and D. guangzhouensis in D. sojae species complex.
Le précurseur
Authors: Schlanger Judith
Published: September 2024

Le précurseur est défini par sa fonction par rapport à ce qui est à venir, et posé comme relatif à un autre terme qui n’est pas encore là, il est l’initiateur ou l’avant-coureur d’une réalité future qui se réalisera pleinement, mais pas en lui. C’est une notion moderne liée à une perception moderne de la durée historique et de l’intelligibilité historique. Elle appartient à une histoire culturelle du changement, comme la notion de chef-d’œuvre, soulignant en même temps, quand la distance est grande, les risques et les contingences de la « reprise ». Se joue ainsi une relation à trois termes, entre le précurseur, ce qui constitue sa reprise, et éventuellement l’instance qui attribue la relation entre les distants. Breton revendiquant une liste variable de précurseurs, ou Borgès relevant de très nombreux auteurs qu’il perçoit comme précurseurs de Kafka, fournissent des exemples de la richesse et de la profondeur d’un tel paysage culturel.
Perceptions and Lived Experiences of Nurses After Completion of a Perinatal Nurse Residency Program
Authors: Zinke Cassandra R.
Published: September 2024

Background

This study was designed to explore the perceptions and lived experiences of new graduate or new-to-specialty labor and delivery nurses. These nurses had completed a perinatal nurse residency program at a high-risk metropolitan medical center in the Pacific Northwest region of the United States.

Method

Eight nurses were interviewed for this study with qualitative individual interviews. Qualitative content analysis was used.

Results

Three main themes emerged: assimilating a specialized knowledge base and skill sets, navigating challenging circumstances, and coping with the transition to independence.

Conclusion

Nurse residency programs can ease the transition to practice in the labor and delivery specialty. Revisions to future perinatal residency programs should include enhanced preceptor education, prolonged night shift orientation, assessment of nurse learning style and needs, and increased consistency of debriefing after traumatic events.

[
J Contin Educ Nurs.
2024;55(11):543–548.]
Asymptotic behavior of a viscous incompressible fluid flow in a fractal network of branching tubes
Authors: El Jarroudi Haifa , El Jarroudi Mustapha
Published: September 2024

We considered a viscous incompressible fluid flow in a varying bounded domain consisting of branching thin cylindrical tubes whose axes are line segments that form a network of pre-fractal curves constituting an approximation of the Sierpinski gasket. We supposed that the fluid flow is driven by volumic forces and governed by Stokes equations with boundary conditions for the velocity and the pressure on the wall of the tubes and inner continuity conditions for the normal velocity on the interfaces between the junction zones and the rest of the pipes. We constructed local perturbations, related to boundary layers in the junction zones, from solutions of Leray problems in semi-infinite cylinders representing the rescaled junctions. Using $ \Gamma $-convergence methods, we studied the asymptotic behavior of the fluid as the radius of the tubes tends to zero and the sequence of the pre-fractal curves converges in the Hausdorff metric to the Sierpinski gasket. Based on the constructed local perturbations, we derived, according to a critical parameter related to a typical Reynolds number of the flow in the junction zones, three effective flow models in the Sierpinski gasket, consisting of a singular Brinkman flow, a singular Darcy flow, and a flow with constant velocity.
Exponential synchronization of neural networks with mixed delays under impulsive control
Authors: Zhao Wanshun , Li Kelin , Shi Yanchao
Published: September 2024

In this paper, the exponential synchronization problem of a class of neural networks with mixed delays under impulsive control is studied. Combining the impulsive comparison principle and the concept of an average impulsive interval, two impulsive differential inequalities with mixed delays are discussed, and the sufficient conditions for the existence of exponential decay are obtained. Based on two different impulsive control strategies, and then by means of the Lyapunov function, the inequality technique, and these two new inequalities, a set of sufficient conditions are derived to ensure the synchronization of the drive and response systems. In order to prove the effectiveness of the proposed control scheme, two numerical examples are given to prove its practicability and effectiveness.
Experimental Investigation on the Strengths of Cement Bricks Using Fly Ash and Rice Husk Wastes
Authors: Krishna P. UmaSai , Reddy K. Ramana , Devi L. Indumathi , RadhaKrishna V. , Kumar D. Pavan
Published: September 2024

Bricks have been a crucial component of building and construction for thousands of years. Burnt Clay brick production is a complex process that requires significant energy and resources, despite its consistent workability and accessibility. Recycling materials are being utilized in various projects to reduce the carbon footprint and organic clay used in the brick industry. This chapter provides a comprehensive review of recent brick studies, categorizing them based on materials and production techniques used to create innovative bricks, aiming to understand the modern context of sustainable and innovative bricks over the past few decades. The bricks are being strengthened using industry waste material flash and Agricultural waste Rice husk as cement replacements to achieve strength and environmental sustainability. The strength properties of cement bricks are assessed by comparing their performance with fly-ash and rice husk in different proportions. Future research should focus on improving mineral admixture reactivity in cement bricks at a reasonable cost.
Sustainable Building Construction Practices for Transforming Waste Into Wealth Through Vernacular Architecture
Authors: Gunasekaran K. , Boopathi Sampath , Suresh S. , Suresh P. , Gokulakannan S.
Published: September 2024

This chapter focuses on innovative sustainable building techniques that utilize local architecture to transform waste into valuable resources. This approach effectively addresses environmental concerns by integrating traditional wisdom with modern waste management techniques. Utilize recycled materials like salvaged wood and reused metal in building plans, incorporating architectural styles from the surrounding area. It discusses the advantages of utilizing local materials and sustainable building techniques to reduce waste and energy consumption. Real-life examples demonstrate the effectiveness of these methods in strengthening the economy and promoting a healthier environment. The chapter provides a comprehensive plan for architects and builders to integrate eco-friendliness with tradition, transforming waste into wealth and preserving local building heritage while preserving its richness.
Wearable Antenna Using Fabric Substrate for Biomedical Application
Authors: Rai Jeetendra , Rai Divya , Kumar Niraj , Pal Om
Published: September 2024

This research made a flexible C band antenna. The denim substrate has a dielectric constant of 1.7 and is used for the antenna design. The design of the wearable textile antenna was also illustrated. A brief explanation on this proposed layout is that a line feed technology is incorporated to enable the design, then a discussion of integrated hybrid wearable textile antennas being designed and developed. After this, the antenna might work fine. The impedance band width from 3.89 GHz to 10.08 GHz was calculated as approximately in the range of 88.61%. Proposed antenna with partial ground, hexagonal slot and circular patch.
Compact Square Slotted Mounted on Dual Semicircle Flexible Antenna for Telemedicine Application
Authors: Jaiswal Shiv Kumar , Singh Vinod Kumar , Saluja Aman Singh , Thakur Jitendra Singh
Published: September 2024

The antennas design is compact where may be of interest for telemedicine apps so . On the positive side, bio monitors have been designed alongside compatible wearable devices to enable continuous patient monitoring and data transmission that is crucial during telemedicine practices. The wide band and high gain efficiency ensure robust performance in even the harshest environments, making telemedicine solutions more effective overall. CST software was used to simulate the antenna (primarily return loss, input impedance and gain). Simulation results show that the antenna has a wide (95.73%) bandwidth with good impedance matching across frequency range of 2.32-6.58 GHz. These characteristics, wide bandwidth, and easy miniaturization promise a compact antenna for suitable applications in leading towards flexible and less cumbersome communication systems.
Harnessing Artificial Intelligence in Internal Auditing
Authors: Manuel Akhil , Arumugam Senthil Kumar
Published: September 2024

Given the influence of artificial intelligence (AI) on various sectors of the economy, its impact on the internal auditing sector is causing increased attention from the academic and professional communities. This book chapter investigates how AI is revolutionizing internal audit and its implications for the future of internal audit. By examining numerous literature sources and developments from various perspectives, this book chapter conducted a comprehensive analysis of how AI is applied in various processes of internal auditing. In the current data-reliant business society, AI's capacity to handle vast datasets and perform complex analyses plays an important role. The use of AI in internal auditing enhances efficiency, increases accuracy, and improves risk management. However, in the process, audit procedures fundamentally change. This book chapter concludes that while AI will significantly change the internal auditing process, it will not replace human auditors. AI will alter auditing jobs by requiring auditors to learn additional technology.
Reshaping Cybersecurity Practices by Optimizing Web Application Penetration Testing
Authors: Hussain Khalid , Sheikh Md Amin Ullah , Naing Thiha , Hussain Manzoor , Amin Noor Ul
Published: September 2024

Web application penetration testing is known as pretesting. It is a critical process for identifying and addressing security vulnerabilities in web applications. Statistics show that 88% of organizations worldwide experienced phishing attempts in 2019. The most significant security violation was predictable resource location attacks were 34%, SQL attacks at 20%, and code injection attacks at 10%, together generating 64% of total web application attack activity. Also, 75% of IT leaders lack confidence in their web application security. The study of the literature review emphasizes the lack of security issues in web applications and some proposals about penetration testing procedures. The method sections talk about detailed procedures from scratch for doing web app pen tests. In the discussion section, the authors talk about some suggestions that organizations can follow to make their websites more secure and unauthorized access. In conclusion, conducting web application penetration testing in the proper way can play a crucial role in securing web applications.
Ethics and Transparency in Secure Web Model Generation
Authors: Sindiramutty Siva Raja , Prabagaran Krishna Raj V. , Jhanjhi Noor Zaman , Murugesan Raja Kumar , Malik Nazir Ahmed , Hussain Manzoor
Published: September 2024

The chapter discusses how ethics and transparency relate to creating secure web models for AI. AI plays a role in secure web development, and the authors consider ethics and transparency as two critical aspects of this subject, which influences users, stakeholders, or society. The examination begins with AI principles, which include fairness, accountability, and privacy requirements. They then get into the problems with secure web models. In this chapter, they break down bias and fairness concerns at the source and find ways to resolve them in web models. This relates to trust and accountability, where transparency and explainability are highlighted. They also provide case studies showing the effectiveness of transparent and explainable AI in increasing user engagement. They also delve into decision-making frameworks to help navigate the ethical dilemmas in AI web development. It then represents the conversation on the atmospherics of empowerment tools, such as monitoring and evaluation guidelines for mobilisation implementation practice and governance. To sum up, the authors underline the ethical and transparent views for us to do AI-driven web development. Therefore, they urge all stakeholders to make ethics and transparency the cornerstones of responsible webs.
Strategic Integration of Machine Learning for Fraud Detection in E-Commerce Transactions
Authors: Vijayalakshmi P. , Subashini K. , Selvalakshmi B. , Sudhakar G. , Anbalagan Anand , Bharathiraja N. , Kaur Gaganpreet
Published: September 2024

The rise in internet users has led to an increase in online payments, but this also comes with a surge in online fraud. To combat this, e-commerce firms must adopt device intelligence for fraud detection. Machine learning (ML) is crucial for analyzing large datasets to identify suspicious patterns. This study explores the effective application of ML in detecting fraudulent activities, focusing on various approaches, challenges, and recommendations. It starts with an overview of the prevalence and impact of e-commerce fraud, highlighting the need for robust detection systems. Key ML techniques, including supervised, unsupervised, and semi-supervised learning, are analyzed for their strengths and weaknesses. It emphasizes the importance of continuous monitoring and model adaptation to evolving fraud tactics, advocating for dynamic updates and feedback loops to enhance detection systems. By integrating ML algorithms effectively, e-commerce businesses can improve security, safeguard revenues, and build trust with consumers and partners.
Opportunities, Challenges, and Future Directions of Strategic Innovations of AI and ML for E-Commerce Data Security
Authors: Saba Djamel , Hadidi Abdelkader
Published: September 2024

In today's digital landscape, E-commerce has become a dominant force in global commerce. As E-commerce platforms collect vast amounts of sensitive customer information, safeguarding this data against cyber threats is paramount. Integrating machine learning (ML) and artificial intelligence (AI) technology has become a viable strategy for improving e-commerce data security in recent years. This paper presents the opportunities, challenges, and future directions associated with the strategic application of AI and ML in bolstering E-commerce data security. The future directions of strategic innovations in AI and ML for E-commerce data security are multifaceted. One key area of focus involves the development of AI-driven adaptive security systems capable of autonomously adapting to emerging threats. Finally, while significant opportunities exist to leverage these technologies for threat detection and mitigation, overcoming associated challenges and pursuing innovative approaches will be essential for safeguarding the integrity and confidentiality of E-commerce transactions.
Advances in Data Processing, Machine Learning, and Data Security
Authors: Manjunathan N. , Aravindaraj K. , Anitha J. , Ramya Bharathi V. K. , Sathya V. , Senthil R. , Siva Subramanian R.
Published: September 2024

This study examines how data processing, sophisticated machine learning (ML), and data security are crucial to data-driven decision-making. It covers accurate data collecting, cleaning, and pre-processing methods, which are the foundation for trustworthy ML models. Exploratory data analysis and feature engineering provide difficult dataset insights. Data quality depends on how missing data and outliers are handled. Predictive modelling uses ML approaches such supervised, unsupervised, semi-supervised, ensemble, and deep learning. Reducing dimensionality and selecting features improve model efficiency and interpretation. The model creation, training, and assessment methods ensure performance quality. The study also emphasises data security, ML ethics, privacy, and justice. New technologies in eCommerce data security are revolutionising protection methods, and AI-based solutions are moving cybersecurity towards transparency and confidentiality. However, future study will examine ethical problems and explainability to improve data-driven applications.
Financial Behaviours, Literacy, and Well-Being Among Youth in India
Authors: Chufal Himanshu Singh , Singh Ravindra , Danai Lakshita , Singh Ajay Kumar
Published: September 2024

This chapter explores the correlation between financial literacy, financial well-being and financial concerns in India. Thereupon, it assesses the impact of family income on financial well-being of financial literacy among young. A total of 232 (116 males and 116 females) are chosen in the age group of 18 to 25 years. The survey method is used to evaluate the financial literacy, stock market knowledge, financial decision-making capacity, well-being, and exposure to cryptocurrency among the participants. Significant positive correlation between financial literacy and financial well-being are reported. The research also found a negative correlation between financial literacy and financial concerns. A positive correlation is found between family income and financial well-being. It noticed a significant connection between financial literacy and crypto exposure. It also finds a positive correlation between financial literacy and well-being. It is very crucial to promote financial literacy among youths.
Analyzing the Difference Between Metaverse and Video Conference by Input Process and Output Models of Teamwork
Authors: Reddy M. Siva Swetha , Nijhawan Ginni , Adnan K. , Khan Muhammed Anaz , Lakshmi Prasanna
Published: September 2024

The metaverse includes social virtual reality (VR) platforms, where users may join virtual worlds, wear VR goggles to fully immerse themselves, and engage in avatar-based interactions with other users. The non-verbal cues sent in a digital discussion take on a new level. Concerning the potential of social VR platforms and the metaverse for online cooperation, this begs the issue. Several studies have looked at the effects of different forms of communication on collaboration, including telephone and videoconferencing. Arguments for the relative importance of various communication channels in every given encounter are the goal of theories of media choice. Nevertheless, studies that include, compare, and categorise the metaverse remain lacking. A total of 24 participants were split into four groups and asked to work together to complete two tasks: one requiring creative thinking and the other requiring decision-making. This study investigates the feasibility of using the metaverse in place of traditional videoconferencing.
Enhancing Remote Workspaces
Authors: Yamijala Suryanarayana Murthy , Nimbrain Nitu , Bansal Rohit
Published: September 2024

Virtual reality (VR) is revolutionizing the way we perceive and interact within remote work environments. This chapter delves into the multifaceted role of VR in enhancing virtual workspaces, focusing on its impact on collaboration, productivity, and employee engagement. By creating immersive and interactive virtual environments, VR facilitates more effective communication and teamwork among geographically dispersed teams. The chapter explores various applications of VR in remote work, including virtual meetings, training simulations, and collaborative project spaces. Additionally, it examines the challenges and limitations associated with integrating VR into daily work routines. Through a comprehensive review of recent studies and practical examples, this chapter provides valuable insights into how VR can be harnessed to create more dynamic and efficient virtual work environments.
Structural Model to Evaluate the Remote Work in the Software Industry
Authors: Narayanamma K. Laxmi , Nagpal Amandeep , Ahmed S. , Rambabu Gottipati Venkata , Rao S. Govinda
Published: September 2024

In recent times, remote work has gained popularity as an acceptable substitute for working in a physical office, especially for IT professionals in software development companies. However, remote working presents significant challenges. Individual competencies and an enabling work environment, which includes a dependable internet connection, are essential. This research aims to analyse the influence of remote work on Scrum software development. The questionnaire survey mostly used pre-existing and tested measures. A total of 316 replies were received from those practising scrum. The data were analysed by SmartPLS version 3.0 and PLS-SEM study, which included conducting tests on both the inner and outer models. The structural model demonstrated a satisfactory fit, as shown by the standardised root mean square residual (SRMR) value of 0.073 and the normed fit index (NFI) value of 0.714.
Strategic Intelligence and Visionary Leadership
Authors: Tsvasman Leon
Published: September 2024

This chapter explores the intersection of strategic intelligence and visionary leadership in the context of digital transformation and AI. It emphasizes a potentiality-oriented approach to foster creativity, innovation, and continuous learning, essential for organizational agility and resilience. By integrating systemic and cybernetic principles, it shows how strategic intelligence helps organizations anticipate and adapt to changes, ensuring competitive advantage and ethical alignment. The chapter examines AI's role as enabling infrastructure, enhancing decision-making and ethical considerations. Through research and case studies, it highlights AI and systemic thinking's transformative impact on business models, driving radical innovation and sustainable growth. Recommendations for practitioners on implementing these methodologies for long-term success are provided, making this chapter a guide for leaders, strategists, and technologists navigating modern business complexities.
The Impact of Culture on Career Management
Authors: Garbin Leonardo , Leandro Alexandra , Gomes Daniel , Ribeiro Neuza
Published: September 2024

The main purpose of this chapter is to analyze how culture impacts the individual career management, especially considering the effects of culture on the individual in terms of career adaptability variables. Thus, it is intended to understand how culture dimensions impact career management. To achieve such goals and uncover the relationships described above, a survey was conducted for Portuguese and Brazilian people. The survey had the participation of a total of 311 respondents. The results confirm the positive relationship between the variables as expected: individualism, masculinity, power distance, and long-term orientation are positively correlated to career management, while uncertainty avoidance and indulgence are negatively correlated to career management. This research also contributes to shed light on the relation between culture and career, being important for the understanding of how organizations can promote workplaces tailored to everyone by understanding each worker's cultural background, as well as better strategize their career development.
Abordagens contemporâneas e tendências temáticas em estudos interpretativos e críticos em administração pública
Authors: Caliman Douglas Roriz , Ohayon Pierre , Zuccolotto Robson
Published: September 2024

Objetivo da pesquisa: promover uma revisão bibliográfica sistemática e debater sobre abordagens contemporâneas e tendências temáticas no campo da administração pública.Enquadramento teórico: Revisões sistemáticas como métodos de pesquisa no campo da administração pública oferecem um progresso da prática de pesquisa, assim como, fornecem recomendações relevantes ao desenvolvimento de pesquisa no campo. As revisões mais recentes interessam sobre o rigor metodológico, a integridade da lógica metodológica ou de análise de dados e as avaliações em dimensões específicas de contextos contemporâneos.Metodologia: a investigação foi realizada por intermédio de uma pesquisa bibliográfica sistemática em três bases de dados: Web of Science, Scopus e Scielo, entre os anos de 2017 e 2021.Resultados: observou-se que o campo está em um processo de evolução, utilizam-se de pequena variedade de metodologias de pesquisa, especialmente, os estudos de caso simples ou múltiplos. A rede de publicações apresentou-se com grande variação de temas. Verificou-se a existência de uma escrita criativa e uma preocupação com a validação metodológica e da análise de dados.Originalidade: Pesquisas qualitativas crítica e interpretativa ainda são incipientes no campo de estudo e se apresentam como uma alternativa aos estudos mainstream.Contribuições teóricas e práticas: O campo da administração pública deve-se alternar o uso de metodologias de pesquisa para enriquecer a interação entre pesquisadores, profissionais e o fenômeno estudado. Do ponto de vista teórico, a contribuição do estudo está em compreender os limites e as possibilidades das abordagens discutidas/debatidas atualmente no campo de pesquisa, evidenciando futuros temos de pesquisa. Promove aos gestores públicos, uma visão temporal e temática de estudos da área pública.
Análise longitudinal (2012-2021) da diversidade na alta administração das empresas de capital aberto do Brasil
Authors: Ventura Marcus Guilherme Cruz , Matos Eduardo Bona Safe de , Nasu Vitor Hideo
Published: September 2024

Objetivo: analisar as características dos membros da alta administração de empresas listadas na B3 (Brasil, Bolsa, Balcão) e suas modificações ao longo do período de 2012 a 2021 sob uma perspectiva da diversidade.Método: Utilizando-se os Formulários de Referência disponíveis no site da B3 de 2012 a 2021, obteve-se uma amostra de 555 entidades de capital aberto, representando 3.831 observações de empresa-ano e 58.679 observações de indivíduo-empresa-ano. Com base nisso, foram mapeadas as variáveis de diversidade da pesquisa: gênero, idade, formação e nível de titulação, que foram analisadas por meio de estatísticas descritivas, testes qui-quadrado, testes de médias e análise de correspondência múltipla.Originalidade/Relevância: O foco exclusivo nas características de diversidade, o período de análise, o tamanho amostral e a análise ano a ano são diferenciais em relação à literatura prévia e elementos cruciais para a obtenção de novas e sólidas evidências acerca do comportamento da diversidade ao longo do tempo. A pesquisa torna-se ainda mais relevante ao encontrar resultados diferentes de estudos anteriores, particularmente no que tange ao gênero e titulação acadêmica.Resultados: Houve modificações significativas na composição e no perfil dos membros da alta administração das companhias abertas analisadas, sugerindo aumento das métricas de diversidade. Especificamente, houve aumento da participação feminina, da idade média e de membros com pós-graduação. Ademais, houve maior pluralidade de formação acadêmica dos membros da alta administração.Contribuições teóricas/metodológicas/práticas: Contribui-se a uma discussão social ao analisar aspectos distintos da diversidade de forma a demonstrar a importância de um pensamento mais diverso nas organizações em um país emergente. As novas evidências levam a conclusões distintas das de estudos prévios. Em geral, o trabalho mostra que a diversidade está aumentando no alto escalão, mas muitos aspectos ainda merecem atenção e séria consideração para que aconteçam efetivos avanços da diversidade nas organizações.
Attachment traumatology and dyadic completion: Toddler trauma, ten years post-treatment
Authors: Riordan Joseph
Published: September 2024

Orientation: Research to elucidate trauma as a contagion in attachment traumatology began in 2014 with the construct of dyadic completion as a therapeutic goal for a traumatised toddler. Further research revealed secure phylogenetic attachment (SPA) as the antithesis of trauma, Attachment Focussed-Somatic Experiencing (AF-SE) as an efficacious treatment for dyadic trauma and interpersonal neurosynchronistic phylogenesis (INP) as a construct to explain how phylogenetic attachment dynamics are transposed neurosynchronistically in dyads throughout communities. These phenomena offer insight into community mental health.Research purpose: The purpose of the study was to elucidate neurosynchronistic constructs in attachment traumatology to examine treatment outcomes longitudinally.Motivation for the study: Assessed psychometrically, Little Bill (LB) was reviewed to examine his mental health and phylogenetic attachment dynamics ten years post-treatment.Research approach and/or design and method: A longitudinal single-case design was followed using psychometric assessments and clinical interviews with three family members.Main findings: Outcomes support dyadic completion as an effective treatment confirmed by long-term efficacy.Implications for practice: Dyadic completion in AF-SE is an effective treatment for dyadic trauma.Contribution and/or value-add: Dyadic completion resolves dyadic trauma phylogenetically. Trauma and SPA may now be considered as interpersonal, neurosynchronistic and phylogenetic phenomena impacting attachment and community mental health.
Antibiotics-induced pulmonary embolism: A disproportionality analysis in Food and Drug Administration database of Adverse Event Reporting System using data mining algorithms
Authors: Adusumilli Pramod Kumar , Begum Foujia , Sangnure Ankita Ashok , George Jeesa
Published: September 2024

Background:

Antibiotics are among the most commonly prescribed drugs. Unnecessary use of antibiotics is particularly concerning because antibiotics may be associated with a number of adverse drug events.

Aim:

The study was designed to detect the association between pulmonary embolism and antibiotics by disproportionality analysis in the Food and Drug Administration database of Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) using data mining algorithms (DMAs).

Materials and Methods:

A retrospective case/noncase disproportionality analysis was performed in the FAERS database. This study was based on adverse events (AEs) reported to FAERS from 2004 Q1 to 2022 Q3. Reporting odds ratio (ROR), proportional reporting ratio (PRR), and information component (IC) were applied to measure the disproportionality in reporting. A positive signal of increased AE risk was defined as ROR >1, Chi-square >4, PRR R2 with the number of cases >3, and IC >0.

Results:

Total AEs in the FAERS database from 2004 Q1 to 2022 Q3 were found to be 26,555,430. Among which 80,809 reports of pulmonary embolism were considered. The same were selected for further analysis which showed that 11 antibiotics were reported for pulmonary embolism. The number of reports for minocycline, chloramphenicol, and moxifloxacin was found to be 113, 14, and 179. A significant potential signal was noted for minocycline (ROR – 2.87, Chi-square – 135.95, IC – 1.22), chloramphenicol (ROR – 3.35, Chi-square – 22.80, IC – 0.77), and moxifloxacin (ROR – 2.08, Chi-square – 99.37, IC – 0.83).

Conclusion:

This study found a statistically significant increased risk of reporting pulmonary embolism with minocycline, chloramphenicol, and moxifloxacin, although a causal relation cannot be definitively established.
Условия ограниченности снизу для общего скалярного потенциала, зависящего от двух скалярных полей и бозона Хиггса
Authors: Song Yisheng , Qi Liqun
Published: September 2024

Наиболее общий скалярный потенциал, зависящий от двух вещественных скалярных полей и бозона Хиггса, является однородным полиномом четвертой степени от трех переменных, который определяет трехмерный симметричный тензор 4-го порядка. Ограниченность такого скалярного потенциала снизу означает положительную (полу)определенность соответствующего тензора. В связи с этим представлены аналитические необходимые и достаточные условия положительной (полу)определенности такого специального тензора. С помощью этого результата получены необходимые и достаточные условия ограниченности снизу для общего скалярного потенциала, зависящего от двух вещественных скалярных полей и бозона Хиггса.
Квазиграммианная петлевая динамика многокомпонентного полудискретного уравнения коротких импульсов
Authors: Inam Afifa , ul Hassan Mahmood
Published: September 2024

Полудискретное уравнение коротких импульсов вводится через предложенную для него пару Лакса. C помощью матриц Лакса размера $2^M\times 2^M$ получено многокомпонентное полудискретное уравнение коротких импульсов. Далее применяется стандартное бинарное преобразование Дарбу, для построения которого из частных собственных векторов обобщенной пары Лакса не только в прямом, но и в сопряженном пространстве строятся матрицы Дарбу. Путем многократного применения этого преобразования найдены явные выражения через квазиграммианы для нетривиальных петлевых решений первого и второго порядков многокомпонентного полудискретного уравнения коротких импульсов. Также показано, что эти решения сводятся к элементарным петлевым решениям при редукции спектральных параметров.
Нелокальные симметрии двух двухкомпонентных уравнений типа уравнения Камассы-Холма
Authors: Li Ziqi , Tian Kai
Published: September 2024

Для двухкомпонентного уравнения Камассы-Холма, а также для двухкомпонетного обобщения модифицированного уравнения Камассы-Холма с помощью функциональных градиентов спектральных параметров построены инфинитезимальные симметрии, квадратично зависящие от собственных функций линейных спектральных задач. При соответствующем выборе псевдопотенциалов эти нелокальные инфинитезимальные симметрии продолжаются на расширенные системы, а затем интегрируются в явном виде и порождают преобразования симметрии в конечном виде для расширенных систем. В качестве применения этих конечных преобразований симметрии получены некоторые виды нетривиальных решений и преобразования Беклунда для обоих уравнений.
Нелинейная динамика двухосного ферромагнетика на полуоси
Authors: Kiselev Vladimir Valer'evich
Published: September 2024

С помощью спектрального преобразования на торе решена начально-краевая задача для квазиодномерных возбуждений в полуограниченном ферромагнетике при учете обменного взаимодействия, орторомбической анизотропии и магнитостатических полей. Учитывались смешанные краевые условия, предельными случаями которых служат свободные и полностью закрепленные спины на краю образца. Предсказаны и проанализированы новые типы солитонов (движущиеся доменные стенки и прецессирующие бризеры), ядра которых сильно деформируются вблизи границы образца. На больших расстояниях от поверхности образца они принимают форму типичных солитонов неограниченной среды. Проанализированы особенности отражения солитонов от границы образца в зависимости от степени закрепления поверхностных спинов. Получены новые законы сохранения, которые гарантируют выполнение солитонами верных краевых условий при их отражении от поверхности образца.
Variation and Distribution of the Sulawesi Giant Rat (Paruromys dominator) Based on Morphological Approaches
Authors: Dwijayanti Endah , Suryobroto Bambang , Widayati Kanthi Arum , Achmadi Anang Setiawan
Published: September 2024

Correlations between natural geographic boundaries and variations in organisms' morphology have been well-documented in Sulawesi Island, which has a unique geological history and hundreds of endemic species. One of the widely distributed species of small mammals is Sulawesi giant rat (Paruromys dominator). Considering the geographic condition of Sulawesi, this species is a suitable model for studying geographic influences on morphological change. Moreover, there are no comprehensive studies on this species. Previous studies cannot fully explain the variability due to the lack of representative samples. Here, we measure 19 skull characteristics for 131 adult complete-skull specimens from six distribution areas in Sulawesi. We investigate the variation in skull characteristics using agglomeration nesting (AGNES) for cluster analysis and the standardized major axis (SMA) for allometry analysis. Our results show that P. dominator can be categorized into two groups, but distribution areas, elevation, or sex do not influence those. P. dominator in group 1 had a larger skull size than group 2. The two groups can be distinguished from four characteristics: breadth of mesopterygoid fossa (BMF), breadth of first upper molar (BM1), length of the auditory bulla (LB), and breadth of incisive foramina (BIF). The BMF and BM1 are related to mastication, and the LB and BIF are related to communication. We propose that the skull variation of this species is not correlated with geographical barriers but more clearly correlated with their feeding habits, mating behavior, and ability to escape predation. These findings were useful for future studies on the taxonomic status of P. dominator.
Antagonistic Effects of Bacterial Rhizosphere of Oil Palm in Biocontrol of Basal Stem Rot Disease (Ganoderma boninense Pat.)
Authors: Widiantini Fitri , Nugraha Gema Takbir , Yulia Endah , Nasahi Ceppy
Published: September 2024

Basal stem rot disease caused by Ganoderma boninense is a major problem for oil palm cultivation. The research was conducted to obtain biocontrol agents from rhizosphere of oil palm to control the disease as part of sustainable pest management in oil palm plantation. Rhizosphere bacteria were isolated from rhizospheres of healthy oil palm trees. Isolation of bacteria was done using serial dilution method. The isolated bacteria were then tested for its antifungal activity against G. boninense in vitro using dual culture assay. The ability of the bacteria to produce antifungal compound was also determined by culturing the bacteria on ISP2 liquid media. Once the bacterial cells were removed, the crude metabolites were then tested against G. boninense using agar well diffusion and toothpick colonization. The result showed that several isolates demonstrated strong antifungal activity against G. boninense. Some isolates were also able to degrade chitin and to solubilize phosphate. Furthermore, the crude metabolites produced by the rhizosphere bacteria demonstrated the ability to inhibit the growth of G. boninense in the agar diffusion method. Colonization of the G. boninense on toothpick following soaking in the crude metabolites was also inhibited. The isolated rhizosphere bacteria (BARK7 and BARK15 in which identified as Burkholderia sp.) showed promising ability to be developed as biocontrol agent for basal stem rot disease of oil palm.
LC-HRMS-Based Metabolomics for Profiling the Metabolites in Different Plant Parts of Centella asiatica
Authors: Rafi Mohamad , Madya Muhammad Miftahul , Karomah Alfi Hudatul , Septaningsih Dewi Anggraini , Ridwan Taopik , Rohaeti Eti , Aisyah Siti , Idroes Rinaldi
Published: September 2024

Centella asiatica, or pegagan in Indonesia, is a perennial plant used in Indonesian traditional medicine (jamu) and functional food with many biological activities. Those biological activities come from the bioactive metabolites present in C. asiatica. Differences in metabolite pathways in each part of the plant affect the accumulation of metabolites contained, thus impacting its biological activity. Therefore, this study aims to identify and evaluate differences in the distribution of metabolites in each part of C. asiatica, namely leaves, stems, stolons, and roots. Each plant part was extracted using methanol and sonicated for 30 minutes. The metabolites in the samples were separated and detected using UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap HRMS. Differences in the distribution of metabolites in each part of the plant were evaluated using chemometrics analysis. UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap HRMS analysis could positively identify 37 metabolites, most of which belong to the phenylpropanoid, triterpenoid, triterpenoid saponin, and flavonoid groups. Principal component analysis was able to clearly distinguish each part of the plant using the peak intensity of the overall chromatogram and the peak area of the identified metabolites. The different biosynthetic pathways of metabolites in plants could cause a difference in the distribution of metabolites in each plant.