bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
TRANSPLANTASI KARANG HIAS UNTUK MENDUKUNG WISATA SELAM DI NAGARI SUNGAI PINANG, KABUPATEN PESISIR SELATAN
Authors: . Suparno , Munzir Abdullah , Suryani Karmila
Published: May 2019

Wisata selam merupakan salah tujuan wisata bahari di perairan Nagari Sungai Pinang, Kecamatan Koto XI Tarusan, Kabupaten Pesisir Selatan, Provinsi Sumatera Barat. Semenjak ada peristiwa pemutihan karang (Coral Bleaching) mulai  pertengahan tahun 2016, kondisi terumbu kawasan di perairan ini mengalami kerusakan dan belum mengalami pemulihan yang berarti. Untuk merehabilitasi kawasan perairan  dan menjadikan daerah obyek wisata penyelaman yang baru diperlukan usaha transplantasi karang hias. Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini bermitra dengan Mitra Kelompok Andespin Deep West Sumatra dan Mitra Kelompok Sumatran Sea Turtle di Nagari Sungai Pinang. Tujuan dari pengabdian masyarakat ini adalah melakukan rehabilitasi terumbu karang dengan metode  tranplantasi karang hias untuk wisata selam. Hasil dari kegiatan pengabdian pada masyarakat ini adalah kelangsungan hidup  karang Acropora millepora selama pengamatan 3 bulan adalah 100 %, karang Acropora millepora tubuh dengan baik dengan pertumbuhan mutlak sebesar 1,7 cm/3 bulan atau 0,56 cm/ bulan, dan transplantasi karang sudah menjadi alternatif tujuan wisata diving di perairan Nagari Sungai Pinang.Kata kunci: Transplantasi, karang, hias, Sungai Pinang
PELATIHAN PENGADAAN BARANG/JASA DI DESA MELALUI SWAKELOLA
Authors: Harianto Syawal , Prihatin Nanang , Fajri Fajri , Amin Haris Al , Herwinsyah Reynold
Published: May 2019

Pelatihan pengadaan barang/jasa di desa melalui swakelola ini diperuntukan bagi Tim pelaksana kegiatan (TPK) untuk Gampong Mesjid Punteuet, Desa Kuala, Desa Jambo Timu, dan Desa Alue Lim Kecamatam Blang Mangat. Tujuan dari penyelenggraan kegiatan Penerapan Ipteks anatara lain, Pertama Memberikan pengetahuan kepada para Tim Pelaksanan Kegiatan (TPK) agar dalam harga perkiraan sendiri sesuai dengan peraturan. Kedua memberikan pemahaman tentang pengadaan barang/jasa di desa dengan metode swakelola. Ketiga menjelaskan cara pengadministrasia dokumen pengadaan barang/jasa. Keempat memberikan pemahaman cara pengawasan dan kontrak dalam pelaksanaa pengadaan barang/jasa di desa melalui swakelola. Dengan adanya pelatihan ini diharapkan Tim Pelaksana Kegiatan tidak salah dalam proses pengadaan barang/jasa melalui swakelola baik dari segi proses, pelaksanaan, pengawasan, administrasi, dan pertanggungjawaban. Pelatihan diikuti 8 orang peserta, adapun khalayak sasaran peserta terdiri dari Ketua TPK dan angota TPK dari empat desa binaan. Adapun pelaksanaan kegiatan pelatihan ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode ceramah, tutorial, contoh kasus, dan diskusi. Hasil dari pelaksanaan kegiatan dievaluasi melalui posttest. Dari 8 peserta memiliki nilai rerata 90. Semua peserta antusias mengikuti acara hingga selesai dan merasakan manfaat pelatihan untuk meningkatakan akuntabilitas dan transparansi pengunaan dana desa. Peserta pelatihan juga menilai bahwa pelatihan ini penting dan sangat diperlukan bagi perangkat desa. Peserta pelatihan berharap pelatihan serupa dapat dilaksanakan kembali dengan peserta (audience) yang lebih banyak/luas, dan dengan topik lainnya.Kata Kunci: Pengadaan Barang/Jasa, Swakelola ,Tim Pelaksana teknis.
PELATIHAN DASAR BAHASA DAERAH UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KEDEKATAN EMOSIONAL ANTAR LINTAS BUDAYA
Authors: Wibowo Guntur Arie , Chairuddin Chairuddin
Published: May 2019

Kurangnya kemampuan dan pengetahuan tentang bahasa daerah setempat bagi mahasiswa yang berasal dari luar Aceh menjadi alasan kuat bagi kami untuk menyelenggarakan kegiatan pelatihan bahasa daerah ini, mengingat Langsa memiliki magnet yakni kampus Universitas Samudra yang kini menjadi idola mahasiswa di wilayah Sumatra dan sekitarnya. Kurangnya kemampuan berbahasa daerah bagi mahasiswa tersebut akan sangat berpengaruh secara signifikan dalam kedekatan emosional dengan mahasiswa maupun masyarakat Aceh setempat. Hal itu akan menyebabkan terjadinya jarak dalam proses bersosialisasi dan berkomunikasi. Tujuan dalam kegiatan pelatihan ini adalah untuk memperpendek “jarak” dengan meningkatkan kemampuan komunikasi bahasa daerah bagi mahasiswa luar domisili Aceh sehingga diharapkan akan tercipta sikap saling menghormati dan menghargai dari mahasiswa luar domisili Aceh karena bahasa daerah merupakan bahasa leluhur dan memudahkan bagi pembauran dan komunikasi dengan masyarakat setempat. Kegiatan ini merupakan pelatihan, maka metode yang digunakan adalah ceramah, tanya jawab, diskusi, simulasi. Kegiatan pelatihan bahasa daerah bagi mahasiswa luar domisili Aceh ini akan dilaksanakan dengan jadwal 2 kali pertemuan. Setelah pertemuan pertama akan dilaksanakan praktik/simulasi untuk mengetahui seberapa besar keberhasilan pelatihan tersebut. Adapun jumlah peserta yang direncanakan sejumlah 15 mahasiswa. Beberapa materi yang disiapkan meliputi salam, berhubungan dengan nomor (angka, waktu, hari), informasi budaya dan lokalitas, arah dan lokasi, kritik dan saran, ucapan (terimakasih dan permohonan maaf). Pertimbangan terkait materi karena pelatihan ini merupakan pelatihan tingkat dasar yang kemungkinan sehari-sehari dapat digunakan untuk berkomunikasi.Kata Kunci : Bahasa Aceh, Kedekatan Emosional, Lokalitas.
STONE VATS (KALAMBAS) AS ONE OF MEGALITHIC REMAINS IN THE LORE VALLEY, CENTRAL SULAWESI
Authors: Umar Dwi Yani Yuniawati
Published: May 2019

The province of Central Sulawesi, particulariy Lore Valley that is part of Poso Regency, is rich in cultural remains from the period when the megalithic tradition flourished. The remains include among others kalamba (stone vats), megalithic statues, stone mortars, pitted stones, engraved stones, and clay jars.The Lore Valley area consists of Bada, Besoa, and Napu smaller valleys. Here, there are scatter of very specific cultural items rarely found in other parts of Indonesia, which are locally known as kalamba (stone vats). Stone vats are usually functioned as burial containers. Excavations reveals that stone vats were communal and secondary burials. C-14 dating shows that one of the sites at Besoa Valley, Entovera Site, has been inhabited since 2170 BP. This makes Entovera Site one of the oldest megalithic sites in Indonesia. Outside Central Sulawesi, megalithic burials resemble to kalamba are found in Sarawak, North around Lake Toba (North Sumatra), Donggo, (West Nusa Tenggara), Mekong Valley (Laos), and Assam (to the northwest of Cachar Mountains in India).
TINJAUAN KEMBALI KEBERADAAN "KANAL" DI KOTA MAJAPAHIT
Authors: Riyanto Sugeng
Published: May 2019

Many researchers believe that the capital city of Majapahit was eguipped with intersected canals. This network of canals varies in its width, between 40 — 80m, and its depth was between 6 — 9 m. There are at least five canals strecthing in north - south direction and seven canal in east - west direction. The canals were cleariy described in many reports and publications as if their existence have been proved. In fact, the vestiges of this network of “canals” have never been examined thoroughly. Therefore, the lucid visual description of this “canal network” is actually untested yet. In oder to give more factual picture on the canals network, in 2007 the National Research Centre and Development of Archaeology conducted a field survey to trace back the actual condition of the canal. This article reports the result
TINGGALAN ARKEOLOGI DI KAMPUNG ARAB
Authors: Masyhudi Masyhudi
Published: May 2019

The Arabs are anation that has long been known to be succeeded in influencing other nations. It is, among others, proven by the wide-spread of Islam through a variety of ways, i.e. politic, tasawwuf, trade, or marriage, although later trade is considered as the most dominant step that allegedly committed by Arabs.Geographically, Semarang and Surakarta are two cities located differently, Semarang is located on the north coast of Java, while Surakarta is located in the mainland. Both have a long history in the development of Islam in Java. In Semarang as well as Surakarta, could be found the Arabs community. This paper tries to discuss from where and when the Arabs came to both cities as well as their first purpose at their arrival.
INDONESIAN AND PACIFIC ISLAND PALAEOECOLOGY GAUGING THE IMPACT OF PREHISTORIC SETTLEMENT
Authors: Griffin Joshua
Published: May 2019

Anthropogenic optimal foraging models have provided a theoretical foundation for evaluating fluctuations in human resource use, thereby providing archaeology with a platform to present various theories on prehistoric island resource exploitation and habitat alteration. This paper cross-examines three major elements of remains found in island assemblages: those being avifauna, marine fauna, and palaeobotanical remains (from Henderson Island, American Samoa and Hawaii, and eastern Indonesia respectively). In doing so, the sequence of prehistoric resource depression or extinction should be readily identified through this anthropogenic behaviour. However, the Polynesian faunal assemblages shed more light on anthropogenic impact than the palaeobotanical record from Indonesia. Nevertheless, as a comparative study, this information provides a framework for present-day management and the potential restoration of these island ecosystems.
KEANEKARAGAMAN JENIS TUMBUHAN MASA LAMPAU DI SITUS PEMUTERAN, KABUPATEN BULELENG, PROVINSI BALI (Kajian berdasarkan analisis palinology)
Authors: Vita Vita
Published: May 2019

A variety of plant species that exist today reflect the diversity of plant species as well as how pre-existing or in the past, the area along the environmental conditions are not much changed significantly. Plant communities in a region will illustrate the diversity of plant species tolerant to environmental conditions in the area. The power plant tolerance to different environmental factors will lead to different types of plants that live in the area By using HF method and Acetolysis, then the results of the identification of fossil pollen (pollen analysis) that has been done specifically on a sample of soil /sediment from the findings of pottery, as well as the box has been opened at the excavation site Pemuteran, Buleleng Regency, Bali Province randomly, especially in layer B in test pit 4 and 5, the types derived from fossil pollen from plants derived from plants that are useful in the family Compositae, Poaceae, Malvaceae and Papilionaceae. In addition, there is also a pollen that is not available on the site around Pemuteran, such as the family Pinaceae, Fagaceae, Daphnae, Sequoia, Geraniaceae, Cupressus.
LINGKUNGAN VEGETASI SITUS PERCANDIAN PADANG LAWAS DAN TUMBUHAN BALAKA
Authors: Arfian Arfian
Published: May 2019

Based on the results of research on the vegetation around Padang Lawas Temples, Padang Lawas Regency, North Sumatera Province, can be known that Padang Lawas Temple sites are located in vegetation environment of lowland tropical rain forest with a high level diversity of plant families, one of those plant families is Euphorbiaceae with one of its species, Phylanthus emlica. L(Balaka). Phylanthus emlica is a type wild plant that grows open spaces in lowland tropical rain forests. Observing its life characteristic and its habitat, then Balaka plant (Phylanthus emlica) in Padang Lawas Temples’ yards was not planted in purpose planted but grows naturally. Balaka plant (Phylanthus emlica) has different name in every area. In Melayu, this plant is known as malaka. In Minangkabau known as balaka, in Sunda known as malaka and in Java, this plant is known as Kemloko, meanwhile in Madura and Bali this plant is called mlakah ,and karsinta in Flores (NTT)
WADAH DARI TEMPURUNG KELAPA DI DALAM PERAHU PUNJULHARJO
Authors: Lelono Hari
Published: May 2019

Container is one of man’s living tools which has a function where everything hard or soft, fluid or certain seeds will be placed. Based on its function, container uses spesific materials like clay, leaves and fruits which have big and strong seeds. In ancient Punjulharjo ship located in Kabupaten Rembang, Central Java, it was found a container made of coconut shell. In the livinghood of some ancient traditional communities, the containers are still used to spport their daily activities. This fact could reveal the time when it had been by the ancestors.
TRADE DURING PRE-SRIWIJAYA (4th–5th Centuries AD)
Authors: Triwurjani Triwurjani
Published: May 2019

Since early century AD until 5th century AD South Sumatra had been inhabited by communities that were composed in solid social integrations in form of local chiefdoms. Researches concluded that in 4th century AD there were settlements of communities in the East coast of Sumatera. It was believed that these communities had made cantacts with India and Chinese traders, as well as with traders from other countries, Karang Agung Site is one of the sites that had been inhabited by humans during the above period. It is located in South Sumatra in the east coast of Sumatra. There are a number of variables that show the importance of this site, they are: its location which was near water (Musi tributary, moats); the existence of boat stake and various artifacts that were assumed to be trade commodities (stone and glass beads, fine-paste pottery, gold jewelry in forms of earrings and rings) and remains of a boat; its location in international trade route. According to Van Leur, one of the two main trade routes in Asia is the “silk road” that covers China, India and up to Europe. It passed through Central Asia, Turkistan, and the Mediterranean Sea, which had contacts with Indian travelers/traders. This paper is made in an attempt to re-emphasize the existence of the site of Karang Agung, which is based on its natural landscape that was a tidal swamp with very limited sources of fresh water. Despite all that, its inhabitants were very advanced in the field of trade. There must have been some factors that forced this area to become the buffer zone in an international trade route between the open seas and the interior areas.
Etnobotánica de las especies de Solanum, subgénero Bassovia, sección Pachyphylla (Solanaceae) de Misiones, Argentina
Authors: Keller Héctor A. , Prance Ghillean T.
Published: May 2019

Se informa sobre los nombres y la utilidad de tres especies de Solanum L. (Solanaceae) de Misiones, Argentina que pertenecen al subgénero Bassovia, sección Pachyphylla. Dos de ellas, S. corymbiflorum y S. sciadostylis, crecen espontáneamente en la provincia y son ampliamente conocidas y utilizadas por los guaraníes para fines medicinales, mágicos y alimenticios. Solanum betaceumes una especie del centro y nordeste de Argentina que ha sido incorporada como incipiente cultivo en Misiones
The potential of MLC901 (NeuroAiD II™), a traditional Chinese medicine
Authors: Huang Suhua , Lin Mingxia , Pan Xiaowei , Tan Qiwen , Tan Kai-Leng
Published: May 2019

Stroke, also known as cerebral ischemia, is a common neurological disease. The therapeutic potential of MLC901 (NeuroAiD II™) has been reported in clinical trials on traumatic brain injury as well as in animal and cell models. MLC901 reduced the infarction size, ischemia-induced neurological deficits and pro-inflammatory infiltration of phagocyte. It also inhibited the ischemia-induced expression of pro-inflammatory mediators and Prx6, TLR4 signalling, and phosphorylation of NFκB. We found that the beneficial effects of MLC901 are in coherent with studies performed on the individual active ingredient. MLC901 may develop its efficacy through a synergistic effect via nine herbal extracts. MLC901 is a multifaceted traditional Chinese medicine. A cocktail of herbs provides a broader spectrum of targets. This may surpass single-target drug treatment in terms of side effect and therapeutic efficacy. MLC901 leads to various potential research directions on the development or improvement of a feasible, effective and promising herbal formulation for treating stroke patients.
Human responses to nature and culture-based non-clinical interventions: A systematised review
Authors: Fairbrass Alison , Chatterjee Helen , Jones Kate E , Osborn Dan
Published: May 2019

Objectives: A wide range of non-clinical nature and culture-based interventions for the treatment of health issues have been evaluated in evidence and systematic reviews. However, common outcomes of these interventions have not been identified and neuro-bio-psychosocial mechanisms underlying how these interventions impact health are not well understood. We conducted a systematised review and compare the evidence for human responses to nature and culture-based non-clinical interventions for a range of health issues and assess the proposed mechanisms and conceptual frameworks underlying these interventions.Design: Comprehensive searches were conducted up to May 2018 in six bibliographic databases: Campbell Collaboration, Cochrane Library, Embase, Medline, Scopus and Web of Science. Studies included were evidence reviews or systematic reviews on any nature or culture-based non-clinical intervention to improve the health of individuals. Results: 60 reviews were included (33 of nature, 26 of culture, 1 of both) covering 1480 individual studies and trials. The most commonly investigated health outcomes included: general physical health (14 studies), mental health and wellbeing (9), Alzheimer’s and dementia (7), cancer (7), dietary behavior (5), aging (3) and schizophrenia (3). The most common review types were systematic reviews (32), literature reviews (22) and meta-analyses (7). A range of outcomes were common to both nature and culture-based interventions including physical activity, social interaction, stimulation, relaxation, skills development, and positive impact of the intervention environment. Only two reviews proposed conceptual frameworks and the neuro-bio-psychosocial mechanisms that underpin the health changes were not clarified. Conclusions: Future research should focus on reviewing the evidence gaps for non-clinical nature and culture-based interventions with an emphasis on implementing larger sample sizes, cohort and longitudinal studies, which deploy a wider range of mixed methods, quasi-experimental and Randomised Control Trials. There should also be agreement on terminology and developing conceptual frameworks to better understand the neuro-bio-psychosocial mechanisms underlying interventions.
Tips & Trik Microsoft Office Word untuk Penulisan Ilmiah
Authors: Aribowo Eric Kunto
Published: May 2019

Tutorial berikut ini disampaikan pada Kelas Menulis Ilmiah yang diselenggarakan oleh HMP Pendidikan Bahasa dan Sastra Daerah pada Selasa, 16 April 2019. Cakupan materi antara lain: menambahkan halaman baru; membuat daftar isi, daftar tabel, daftar gambar, daftar pustaka; pengecekan salah ketik (saltik); menerjemahkan dokumen; menambahkan komentar; dan mengaktifkan fungsi track changes.
Critism of STEM Education
Authors: Azra Ḥafṣa Azalea
Published: May 2019

STEM is a curriculum based on the idea of educating students in four specific disciplines — science, technology, engineering and mathematics — in an interdisciplinary and applied approach. Rather than teach the four disciplines as separate and discrete subjects, STEM integrates them into a cohesive learning paradigm based on real-world applications. However, the focus on increasing participation in STEM fields has attracted criticism. First, no one has been able to find any evidence indicating current widespread labor market shortages or hiring difficulties in science and engineering occupations that require bachelor's degrees or higher. Second, most studies report that real wages in many—but not all—science and engineering occupations have been flat or slow-growing, and unemployment as high or higher than in many comparably-skilled occupations. Third, based on the data, science should not be grouped with the other three STEM categories, because, while the other three generally result in high-paying jobs, many sciences, particularly the life sciences, pay below the overall median for recent college graduates. Efforts to remedy the perceived domination of STEM subjects by men of Asian and non-Hispanic European backgrounds has led to intense efforts to diversify the STEM workforce. However, I feel that this practice in higher education, as opposed to a strict meritocracy, causes lower academic standards.
The Role of Multisensory Temporal Covariation in Audiovisual Speech Recognition in Noise
Authors: Venezia Jonathan Henry , Sandlin Robert , Wojno Leon , Tran Anthony Duc , Hickok Gregory , Richards Virginia
Published: May 2019

Static and dynamic visual speech cues contribute to audiovisual (AV) speech recognition in noise. Static cues (e.g., “lipreading”) provide complementary information that enables perceivers to ascertain ambiguous acoustic-phonetic content. The role of dynamic cues is less clear, but one suggestion is that temporal covariation between facial motion trajectories and the speech envelope enables perceivers to recover a more robust representation of the time-varying acoustic signal. Modeling studies show this is computationally feasible, though it has not been confirmed experimentally. We conducted two experiments to determine whether AV speech recognition depends on the magnitude of cross-sensory temporal coherence (AVC). In Experiment 1, sentence-keyword recognition in steady-state noise (SSN) was assessed across a range of signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) for auditory and AV speech. The auditory signal was unprocessed or filtered to remove 3-7 Hz temporal modulations. Filtering severely reduced AVC (magnitude-squared coherence of lip trajectories with cochlear-narrowband speech envelopes), but did not reduce the magnitude of the AV advantage (AV > A; ~ 4 dB). This did not depend on the presence of static cues, manipulated via facial blurring. Experiment 2 assessed AV speech recognition in SSN at a fixed SNR (-10.5 dB) for subsets of Exp. 1 stimuli with naturally high or low AVC. A small effect (~ 5% correct; high-AVC > low-AVC) was observed. A computational model of AV speech intelligibility based on AVC yielded good overall predictions of performance, but over-predicted the differential effects of AVC. These results suggest the role and/or computational characterization of AVC must be re-conceptualized.
Can Probabilistic Cognitive Modeling Explain Adoption Behavior of Smartphone Apps Gathering Private Data?
Authors: Schürmann Tim
Published: May 2019

Predominant perspectives in privacy behavior research describe human decision making as boundedly rational, cognitively biased, and driven by heuristics. This description stands in contrast to Bayesian decision theory, which de-scribes decision making as mathematically rational utility maximization. Recently, research has proposed rational process modeling as a way of considering justified criticisms of Bayesian models with regards to psychological plausibil-ity. In rational process modeling, locally irrational behavior emerges from an approximation of Bayesian inference focused on the attribution of cognitive resources. In two online surveys, we have applied a rational process model to predict the choice behavior of 103 and 113 participants. They saw 3 (study 1) and 2 (study 2) app store offerings of fictional smartphone apps related to travel or messaging and decided whether to use them. Stated preferences for features of these apps were gathered and sampled from until triggering a probabilistic stopping rule. Then, they were integrated via Bayes’ rule and used to predict service adop-tion. Depending on the number of samples, the model would show behavior ranging from extreme probability matching to near-deterministic utility maximization. We compared the model prediction of observed participant behavior to three alternative models by using Bayes Fac-tors: a deterministic Bayesian model, the take-the-best heuristic, and a probabilistic variant of said heuristic. We found that the data give the most support to the proposed rational process model, although all models tended to over-estimate service adoption. We connect our results to previ-ous work in cognitive science and online privacy research and outline approaches derived from the model to encour-age privacy-preserving user behavior through interventions.
The relationship between sentence comprehension and lexical-semantic retuning
Authors: Gilbert Rebecca Anne , Davis Matthew H. , Gaskell M. Gareth , Rodd Jennifer M
Published: May 2019

A single encounter with an ambiguous word (e.g. bark, ball) in the context of a less-frequent meaning (e.g. “Sally worried about how crowded the ball would be.”) can shift the later interpretation of the word toward the same subordinate meaning. This lexical-semantic retuning functions to improve future comprehension of ambiguous words. The present paper investigates the relationship between this form of learning and the specific processes that occur during sentence comprehension. One possibility is that lexical-semantic retuning occurs immediately upon hearing the ambiguous word, during initial meaning activation and selection, so priming should be strongest when the disambiguating context is provided before the ambiguous word (prior disambiguation). Alternatively, priming may relate to the degree of reinterpretation needed, which would predict maximal learning when the word is initially misunderstood because the critical context is given after the word (subsequent disambiguation, e.g. “Sally worried that the ball would be too crowded.”). In four experiments, adults listened to prior and subsequent disambiguation sentences, and were later tested on their interpretations of primed and unprimed ambiguous words. The results showed that lexical-semantic retuning can occur for both sentence types. Importantly, however, the emergence of priming for subsequent disambiguation sentences was sensitive to the prime conditions: when the task could potentially be performed without needing to re-analyse the ambiguity, then no significant priming was observed. This is consistent with the ‘good enough’ view of language processing which states that representations can remain as (im)precise as mandated by the situation, and that lexical-semantic retuning operates on the output of good-enough interpretation. More generally, our findings suggest that lexical-semantic retuning is driven by participants’ final interpretation of the word meanings during the prime encounter, regardless of initial meaning activation or misinterpretation.
Slow Lies: Response Delays Promote Perceptions of Insincerity
Authors: Ziano Ignazio , Wang Deming
Published: May 2019

Evaluating other people’s sincerity is a ubiquitous and important part of social interactions. Fourteen experiments (total N = 7565; ten preregistered; eleven in the main paper, three in the SOM; with U.S. American and British members of the public, and French students) show that response speed is an important cue on which people base their sincerity inferences. Specifically, people systematically judged slower (vs. faster) responses as less sincere for a range of scenarios from trivial daily conversations to high stakes situations such as police interrogations. Our findings suggest that this is because slower responses are perceived to be the result of the responder suppressing automatic, truthful thoughts, and fabricating a novel answer. People also seem to have a rich lay theory of response speed, which takes into account a variety of situational factors. For instance, the effect of response delay on perceived sincerity is smaller if the response is socially undesirable, or if it can be attributed to mental effort. Finally, we showed that explicit instructions to ignore response speed can reduce the effect of response speed on judgments on sincerity. Our findings not only help ascertain the role of response speed in interpersonal inference making processes, but also carry important practical implication. In particular, the present study highlights the potential effects that may be observed in judicial settings, since the response speed of innocent suspects may mislead people to judge them as insincere and hence guilty.
Klimaets plass i norsk historie : En forskningshistorisk oversikt
Authors: Pedersen Einar S.
Published: May 2019

Based on the threatening climatic situation confronting the world and the fact that Norway’s geographical position makes the country vulnerable to climate change, this article addresses the paradox that climate has only interested Norwegian istorians to a negligible extent. In a historiographical analysis, a review is made of Norwegian historical research over the last 100 years to establish what place climatic effect and climate change has had on Norwegian historical development. The seeming lack of interest for the subject is contrasted with the opposite international situation and the situation in other relevant subject areas. Characteristically, the degree to which Norwegian historians have been engaged in interdisciplinary cooperation has been small. The starting point has been the firm belief that more knowledge about climate and climate change can contribute significantly to a better understanding of historical development in Norway. It is also argued that,  because of this, historians have lost an opportunity to extend the possibilities of coping with the climatic challenges facing society.
Pengembangan Virtual Laboratory pada topik kultur jaringan tumbuhan untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa
Authors: Hartini Hartini , Narulita Erlia , Iqbal Mochammad
Published: May 2019

Penggunaan Virtual Laboratory dapat membantu siswa dalam memahami konsep yang bersifat abstrak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan media Virtual Laboratory pada topik kultur jaringan tumbuhan. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian pengembangan (Research and Development). Subjek penelitian ini yaitu siswa kelas XII MIA SMA Negeri 3 Jember (N=39). Model pengembangan yang digunakan adalah model 4D (define, design, develop, disseminate). Hasil penelitian menunjukan tingkat kelayakan Virtual Laboratory yang telah dikembangkan sebesar 84,72% pada aspekateri; 80,73% pada aspek pengembangan bahan ajar; dan 79,73% pada aspek media. Dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan bahwa media Virtual Laboratory yang dikembangkan layak untuk diterapkan dalam pembelajaran serta dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa pada topik kultur jaringan tumbuhan.
Kombinasi pendekatan saintifik dan lingkungan serta pengaruhnya terhadap hasil belajar IPA siswa SD
Authors: Rahmawati Magdalena Chori , Dewi Naomi Dias Laksita
Published: May 2019

Pendekatan saintifik maupun pemanfaatan sumber belajar berbasis lingkungan merupakan dua bentuk pembelajaran yang mampu memberikan dampak positif terhadap proses pembelajaran. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh penerapan pendekatan saintifik dan pendekatan lingkungan terhadap hasil belajar siswa SD Tarakanita Gading Serpong kelas V pada tema “peristiwa dalam kehidupan”. Penelitian quasi eksperimen ini menggunakan nonequivalent control group design. Sampel penelitian ini adalah 31 siswa kelas VB sebagai kelas kontrol dan 32 siswa kelas VC sebagai kelas eksperimen. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan yaitu uji Mann-Whitney. Berdasarkan hasil uji Mann-Whitney menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antara kelas kontrol dan kelas eksperimen dengan nilai p < 0,05. Oleh karena itu, penerapan pendekatan saintifik yang dikombinasikan dengan pendekatan lingkungan dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar IPA siswa secara signifikan.
Pengintegrasian penilaian formatif dalam pembelajaran IPA berbasis saintifik terhadap pemahaman konsep peserta didik
Authors: Sari Intan Puspita , Mustikasari Vita Ria , Pratiwi Novida
Published: May 2019

Tercapainya tujuan pembelajaran IPA dapat diketahui dengan melakukan penilaian yang merupakan salah satu prinsip pengembangan kurikulum 2013. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pengintegrasian penilaian formatif dalam pembelajaran IPA berbasis pendekatan saintifik terhadap pemahaman konsep peserta didik. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di SMPN 3 Trenggalek kelas VIII tahun pelajaran 2017/2018 mata pelajaran Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah quasy-experimental dengan desain penelitian posttest control group design. Hasil analisis data uji-t two tailed dengan =0,05, nilai p < 0,05, yang menyatakan bahwa terdapat perbedaan pemahaman konsep yang signifikan pada kelas kontrol dan kelas eksperimen. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian disimpulkan bahwa pengintegrasian penilaian formatif formal dan informal dalam pembelajaran IPA berbasis pendekatan saintifik memberikan pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap peningkatan pemahaman konsep peserta didik.
Measurement memo I: Updated practices in psychological measurement for sexual scientists
Authors: Sakaluk John K. , Fisher Alexandra N.
Published: May 2019

The validity of psychological measurement is a crucial auxiliary theory underlying many sexual science studies. Although many sexuality researchers are familiar with certain elements of psychological measurement, the field of psychological measurement is a developing and evolving literature, with concepts, applications, and techniques that do not always trickle down quickly into interdisciplinary fields like sexual science. The purpose of this Measurement Memo, therefore, is to connect sexual scientists to measurement-related issues, explanations, and resources that they may not otherwise encounter in their scholarly reading. Our review focuses on those carrying out psychological measurement using theories and methods of latent variable modeling, and we identify and summarize key ideas and references that serve as good launching points for sexual scientists to begin to improve their psychological measurement practices, for beginners and seasoned users alike.
Determination of individual linear and angular characteristics of the position of upper central incisors in Ukrainian young men and women with orthognathic bite
Authors: Dmitriev M.O. , Gunas I.V. , Gnenna V.O. , Smolko N.M.
Published: May 2019

Taking into account the importance of determining the teleroentgenographic indicators of the spatial position of central incisors, arises a scientific and clinical interest in conducting such studies. The purpose of the study is to develop mathematical models of individual characteristics of the position of upper central incisors in young men and women of Ukraine with orthognathic bite by studying the cephalometric indices and conducting direct stepwise regression analysis. With the help of Veraviewepocs 3D device, Morita (Japan) 38 young men (aged 17 to 21 years) and 55 young women (aged 16 to 20 years) with occlusion close to orthognathic bite and balanced faces received side teleroentgenograms. Cephalometric analysis was performed using OnyxCeph³™ software. Cephalometric points and measurements were performed according to the recommendations of A.M. Schwarz, J. McNamara, W.B. Downs, R.A. Holdway, P.F. Schmuth, C.C. Steiner and C.H. Tweed. In the licensed statistical package “Statistica 6.0”, using the direct stepwise regression analysis, the following teleroentgenographic characteristics of the position of the upper central incisors were performed: distance 1u_APog, distance 1u_Avert, distance 1u_NA, angle Max1_NA, angle Max1_SN and angle Max1_SpP. In young men and women with occlusion close to orthognathic bite and balanced face, reliable regression models of individual teleroentgenographic characteristics of the position of upper central incisors with a determination coefficient of greater than 0.50 have been developed, depending on the peculiarities of the metric characteristics of the craniofacial complex: in young men of 6 possible models, have been constructed 5 with coefficients of determination R2 from 0.672 to 0.928, and for young women – all 6 possible models with determination coefficient R2 from 0.508 to 0.663. In the analysis of models with a determination coefficient higher than 0.50, it was found that in young men most often the regression equations include - the angle AB_NPOG (12.0%); distance COND_GN, inclination angle I, MAX maxillary length, Se_N distance, Nap angle, NBa-PtGn angle, SND angle and Wits indicator (by 8.0%). In young women most often models include – the angle AB_NPOG and the Wits indicator (by 15.4%); angle N_POG (11.5%); the angle Gl’SnPog’ and the distance LPALAT (by 7.7%).
Organometric parameters of the remaining kidney after removal of the contralateral in immature rats
Authors: Monastyrskyi V.M.
Published: May 2019

The processes of compensatory hypertrophy of the kidney to the period of puberty are insufficiently studied. Changes in renal parameters after contralateral removal are of scientific interest. The purpose of the study was to establish and compare changes in organometric parameters of the kidney that remained after nephrectomy in non-sexually adult male rats and in sexually mature male rats. Experimental study was performed on 84 non-adult white male rats weighing 53-71 grams, which were kept on a standard vivarium diet. All animals were divided into two groups (42 in each): the first - control, the second - the experimental group. In the control group, the abdominal cavity was opened under ketamine anesthesia, after wich the abdominal wall was sutured in layers. All animals of the experimental group performed surgical intervention - nephrectomy of the left kidney. Animals were withdrawn from the trial by intra-pleural administration of thiopental-sodium 50 mg/kg after 7, 14, 21, 30, 90 days after nephrectomy. Macroscopic evaluation and description of the kidneys of animals was performed after their removal. The statistical analysis of the obtained results was carried out using the “STATISTICA 5.5” program, using parametric and non-parametric methods for evaluating the obtained results. It was found that in the immature rats, the weight of animals in the experimental group (after nephrectomy) was statistically significantly lower in all terms of the observation compared to the control group, and the weight of the kidney of animals in the experimental group, on the contrary, was statistically significantly higher in all terms of observation. The length, width, thickness, volume of kidneys of animals of the experimental group, as well as the magnitude of increment of these parameters with each term of observation are determined. The greatest increase in organometric parameters of the kidney was observed after 30 days of the postoperative period (p<0.05). Subsequently, on the 60th and 90th day, the magnitude of the increase in organometric parameters of the kidney significantly decreased. The index of hypertrophy of the kidney remained unpaired by nephrectomy, which varied from 52.24% to 63.21%. The highest rates of hypertrophy were observed between the 21st and 30th days.
Pathological changes on basis of ischemia with associated virus infection in mice brain
Authors: Turchyna N.S. , Savosko S.I. , Ribalko S.L. , Starosila D.B. , Kolisnik D.I.
Published: May 2019

The global literature constantly receives new data showing the infectious pathogens as factors for development of atherosclerosis and acute cerebrovascular pathology, and the data showing the predictors of pathology of the heart-vessels as markers of inflammation. The results of research about the connection between the infectious agents and atherosclerosis are ambiguous, and the attempts to prove such connection have encouraged the experiments where the infectious agents with atherogenesis are modeled in animals. The connection of this data with ischemic lesion of brain is not properly explored, but certain experimental research show progressive degeneration in brain hemorrhage in mice with herpes virus 1 (HSV1) due to the post-stroke immunosuppression and reactivation of the infectious agent. The aim of this work is to explore experimentally the possible connection between the herpetic infection and the ischemic lesion to the cortex of mice. To achieve this goal we formed 5 groups of experimental animals (mice) for investigation into the possibility of connection between herpes infection and ischemiazaition of brain: 1st group (n=52) - with cholesterol diet; 2nd group (n=23) - with HSV1; 3d group (n=30) - with unilateral occlusion of the common carotid artery; 4th group (n=10) - with HSV1 and occlusion of the common carotid artery; 5th group (n=6) - with cholesterol diet, HSV1, occlusion of the common carotid artery. The microscopic slides evaluated changes morphometrically in the density of the neurons of the neocortex in the ocular of parietal temporal fields of the brain and the hippocampus. The results were processed statistically with Origin Lab 8.0. A probable increase in structural changes was identified in group 5 (with three pathological factors respectively) of the combined model compared to models without association and/or with several pathological signs from the groups 1-4 (1, 2, 3, 4). Comparison of the results between the 1-4th and 5th groups showed a significant increase in the relative number of neurons with cytopathological signs (hemochromatosis, deformation of the perikaryon, karyopyknosis), which may testify in favor of a sufficiently rapid lesion of the pyramidal neocortex neurons influenced by two or more pathological signs. The reduction in the density of pyramidal neurons in the temporal and/or temporal cortex in the combined model with ischemiazaition and viral association in was had greater probability compared to the models formed with only one risk factor. The revealed increase in the degree of neocortex induction during brain cerebral ischemia in mice with herpes infection is an evidence of possible connection between the two.
PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN ZAT ADITIF TERHADAP KONSUMSI BAHAN BAKAR PADA MOTOR BAKAR BENSIN SUZUKI 4-TAK DOHC (16 HP)
Authors: Putra Ismet Eka , Ilham Vikky
Published: May 2019

The level of motorized vehicle use is increasing every year and will lead to high fuel consumption. Then a vehicle that has good performance and minimum fuel consumption is needed. The government introduced a new fuel, pertalite, which has better fuel quality than premium. Additive substances are ingredients that are added to motorized fuel which are useful for increasing engine performance ranging from durability, acceleration to engine power. The purpose of this test is to find out how much fuel is used when testing braking, how much fueling has been mixed with additives when braking loads occur, analyzing the reduction of fuel mixed with additives and without additives mixed. So that the resulting fuel composition without using additives reaches max torque 5,488  Joules,  power  2010.4 Watts,   and   mass   flow   rate   0,000082   kg / s   with   fuel consumption 0,4 l /hr, from substanceless testing additives and  using  the  most  maximal  additives  with  a  time  of  120 seconds, 7000  rpm and a  load of 2  kg, a  comparison of the reduced use of fuel is 0.06 l / h. The fuel composition using additives  reaches max torque 5.488 Joules, power 2010.4 Watts,  and mass  flow rate 0.000071 kg / s   with   fuelconsumption 0.36 l / hr. Testing with additives as a mixture of fuels  in  certain  compositions  can  improve  engine  efficiency which has a low mass flow rate, but is proportional to the torque and power produced. Based on the testing and analysis that has been done, the best mixture composition for pertalite is 1: 1.
ANALISA KEKUATAN AGREGAT KlAS A MATERIAL KABUPATEN SOLOK
Authors: Masril Masril
Published: May 2019

In order to realize the goal of development between an area to another region through land transportation, it is very important in the construction of road facilities. In civil construction science, material that can be used as material greatly determines the quality and quantity of the construction.Base construction or foundation layer is very besides as a foundation layer also to bear the burden of vehicles or traffic that passes through the construction of the road, so that material is needed quality.For the implementation of planning for pavement thickness of pavement construction layers, it is necessary to consider all the factors that can affect road construction such as road function, age of plan, traffic, carrying capacity of land, regional factors, surface index (IP), equivalent numbers, average daily traffic, Pavement Thickness Index and Relative strength Coefficient.In making road construction, the material used determines the quality of the road, so in the implementation of road construction it is necessary to carry out laboratory testing, which in the labor test discussed is coarse aggregates originating from Solok Sumatra B arat district, which will later be used for Base Class A on the road. The implementation of the Tests that the authors carried out was the calculation of the aggregate class A class proportion, Aggregate Specific Gravity, Compaction Test of the Base Class A aggregate mixture, Laboratory CBR Testing, and CBR Plan determination.The test results obtained can be a recommendation whether or not the aggregate can be used. Laboratory test results were obtained from the results of the testing of aggregate Class A material derived from solok. Testing the aggregate proportion of base A meets the requirements because it enters the filter 2 "to filter 200, Testing the aggregate density obtained density 2,685, Testing for aggregate compaction obtained Weight Content = 2.763% and Optimum moisture content = 5.75%. From the value of the above test results it can be concluded that the coarse aggregates originating from Solok can be used for Base Class A on Road construction work.
STUDI EKSPERIMEN SUPLAI GENERATOR OXYHYDROGEN MENGGUNAKAN KATALIS KOH
Authors: Prasetya Hendrik Elvian Gayuh , Pratilastiarso Joke , Amalia Rif'ah , F Mardatillah Intan
Published: May 2019

Oxyhydrogen  is  the  most  promising  gas  which  significantly  can  reduce  the  fuel consumption  and  the  number  of  emissions  that  produced,  by  adding  the  gas  into combustion  chamber.  To  utilize  decreasing  emissions,  this  paper  study  about  added oxyhydrogens  gas  on  combustion  process  (hybrid)  in  motor  fuel.  This  paper  focuses  on evaluating  the performance  (power, mass  flow, and efficiency)  of oxyhydrogen generator with  12V source  voltage,  while  for  the  generator  installation  circuit  is  done  in  parallel which  is  expected  to  produce  maximum  oxhydrogen  gas  content.  The  type  of  electrolyte used as a generator solution is a base  𝐾𝑂𝐻  concentrate (1, 3, 5, 7, 9 gram / Li ter), basic solution  𝐾𝑂𝐻  is  chosen  because  it  has a tendenc to produce a  lot of hydrogen gas.  The methods are design the generator, string the generator and the measuring instrument up, and also the performance testing. As the result, the higher consentrate of the catalyst, the higher the power needed, the higher  mass flow produced, and the higher efficiency that obtained by using parallel electrode aligntment.