bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Implementasi Nilai-Nilai Islam dalam Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini: Membangun Karakter Islami dan Kemandirian Melalui Metode Pendidikan Terpadu
Authors: Mariana
Published: January 2024

Early childhood education is a golden age for the formation of children's character and personality. Islamic education plays an important role in shaping Islamic character and independence in early childhood. The implementation of Muslim values in early childhood education can be done through integrated education methods. Integrated education methods are education methods that integrate various aspects of child development, both cognitive, affective, and psychomotor. This method has several advantages, including: More effective in developing children's potential in a holistic manner, More interesting and enjoyable for children, More relevant to the needs and development of children. The formation of Islamic character and independence in early childhood can be done through integrated education methods by integrating Islamic values into various learning activities. Some examples of learning activities that can be done include: Worship activities: Teach children about the procedures for worship, such as prayer, ablution, and fasting, Habit-forming activities: Habituate children to do good things, such as honesty, discipline, and helping others, Storytelling activities: Tell Islamic stories that can instill Islamic values in children, Play activities: Using games that can develop children's Islamic character and independence. The implementation of Muslim values in early childhood education through integrated education methods can be a solution to form Islamic character and independence in early childhood.
ANALISIS PENGARUH HUKUM PERLINDUNGAN KONSUMEN TERHADAP TANGGUNGJAWAB KELALAIAN DAN KESALAHAN PRODUSEN
Authors: Panjaitan Nurasiah , Sihotang Hasbi Febriansyah
Published: January 2024

The aim of this research is to analyze the impact of consumer protection laws on producer negligence and errors. Consumer protection is an important aspect of law which aims to protect consumer rights and ensure that producers are responsible for the products they produce. Analysis of legal documents, case studies, and literature reviews will be the research methods used to gain an in-depth understanding of legal provisions related to producer responsibility and consumer protection. The focus of this research is the applicable law from a consumer protection perspective and how this law impacts the manufacturer's obligations in the event of product negligence or defects. Research shows that consumer protection laws have a significant impact on manufacturers' liability for product negligence and defects. This legal provision protects consumers from unsafe or defective products and provides a legal basis for consumers to request compensation if losses are caused by manufacturer negligence or defects. This study also identified several challenges in the implementation of consumer protection laws, including obstacles in law enforcement and protection of consumer rights. Therefore, this research provides recommendations for improving or strengthening the consumer protection legal framework to increase its effectiveness in dealing with responsibilities. manufacturer negligence and malpractice.
PENGARUH PENGELOLAAN DANA ZAKAT PRODUKTIF TERHADAP PENDAPATAN USAHA MIKRO MASYARAKAT PADA LEMBAGA INISIATIF ZAKAT INDONESIA (IZI) SUMATERA UTARA
Authors: Ridwan Rahmad
Published: January 2024

The productive zakat is zakat given to the poor in the form of business capital or another used for productive business which will improve the standard of living in the hopes of a mustahik will be muzakki if it can Use the property for his business. The purpose of this study is to analyze the influence of productive Zakat fund management against community micro-business revenues. The research approach used is a descriptive-quantitative research method. Research initiated by collecting quantitative data, which is tangible figures are then compiled systematically and processed with SPSS Statistics Version 20.0 program. The result of T test for the management of Productive Zakat Fund (X) on Community micro-business income (Y) shows the value of Sig 0.000 and T count indicates the value 18.189 means that the value of Sig is smaller than the probability value 0.05 (0.000 < 0.05) and T count Greater From T table (18.189 > 2.100), then the conclusion that can be taken is H0 in reject and Ha received. This means that the management of productive zakat funds is partially significant impact on the income of Microbusiness Mustahik at IZI Institute of North Sumatera Province.
IMPLEMENTASI METODE PEMBELAJARAN EFEKTIF DI SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Purnama Randi
Published: January 2024

Basic education has a strong influence on the generation of children, because the child's brain at this time is very active in recording everything that is seen, listened to and in its motion. Therefore basic education is a great place to cultivate the seeds of a child's positive character. Remembering to cultivate a child's character takes a short, consistent, and involved all academic and parental civitas. The role of teachers and parents is very influential in growing and developing the child's potential and character. Through learning in the school a child develops all aspects of it, therefore an educator must be able to create an effective learning method to achieve the desired goal. Choosing and establishing the right and effective learning methods in elementary schools is an alternative to motivating students to be able to apply their knowledge and experience and achieve their goals. Some effective learning methods for elementary school according to al-Ghazali and Ibn Khaldun such as, see the level of the power of the children, the material delivery is gradually, the importance of habituation, and the presentation of concrete illustrations or called Demonstration. Demonstrations in the application of learning require media demonstrations or experiments. Then to support the success in carrying out the method of learning a teacher must have the personality traits and characteristics of true educators, according to al-Ghazali, teachers who can be endowed teaching assignments are teachers who are besides intelligent and perfect wits, also his good teacher and his physical strength.
KEPASTIAN HUKUM PEMBAGIAN HARTA BERSAMA AKIBAT HILANGNYA SALAH SATU PASANGAN DALAM PERKAWINAN (Studi Komparatif Berdasarkan Hukum Perdata dan Kompilasi Hukum Islam)
Authors: Hamdani Hamdani
Published: January 2024

The loss of a husband and wife certainly has legal consequences that must be sought for certainty in terms of marital status, the sharing of shared assets, or the distribution of inheritance. There is a significant debate between the Civil Code and the Compilation of Islamic Law related to how long it takes to determine the loss of a person and the distribution of shared property if the missing person is a husband or wife.This research is a descriptive analysis that leads to normative legal research, with a research approach to legal systematics. Data collection tool is obtained from secondary data, namely by means of literature study (library research). The data obtained were then analyzed using qualitative analysis. Based on the results of the study found that the determination of the legal status of missing persons based on the Civil Code in Article 467 of the Civil Code determines that someone who has left his residence within a period of 5 (five) years, or has passed 5 (five) years since the last clear clarity news about the condition of the person without authorizing to represent civil affairs and interests with the person to the Court to be summoned to appear before the court to ascertain their existence and fate and whereas according to Government Regulation Number 9 of 1975 Article 19 point (b) it is stated "one of the parties left another party for 2 years in a row without permission of another party without a valid reason or because of anything else beyond its ability. That the distribution of joint property due to the loss of one of the partners in the marriage in article 470 Burgelijk Wetboek (Civil Code), but with special conditions, namely if it has passed a period of 10 years and this is used as a basis for concluding that there is no appointment of someone to take care of their interests instead is a characteristic of the absence. The legal status of a missing person (mafqud) is considered dead. That the Determination of the Court Number: 0102 / Pdt.P / 2014 / PA.Btl has been in accordance with the theory of legal certainty namely orientation certainty, meaning that the law must be clear so that the public and judges can be guided by it.
KONSEP PENDIDIKAN DALAM PERSPEKTIF AL QURAN (KONSEP PENDIDIKAN PEMIKIRAN IBNU SINA)
Authors: Sirait Nilna Mayang Kencana
Published: January 2024

In the study of Islamic educational philosophy, education is an effort to develop the potential of the services and spiritual learners cognitively, affectively and psychomotorly to make and form human beings who are knowledgeable and technological and make people who believe and fear. Studying the meaning and nature of education in the study of Islamic educational philosophy is actually very relevant to the study of the interpretation of the Qur'an itself. Because the terminology contained in the philosophical study of the essence of education, the purpose of education, educators, learners, methods and curriculum and the process of education all depart from the word of Allah contained in the Qur'an. Ibn Sina's thoughts on education in a structured and comprehensivemanner that discuss the purpose of education, curriculum, learning methods and teachers or educators are the main factors of determinants in education, all of which are in line with the concept of education.
KELUARGA BERENCANA DITINJAU DARI HUKUM ISLAM
Authors: Aprilla Azura , Enjela Sekar Putri , Wahyudi Muhammad
Published: January 2024

The Indonesia and Demographic Health Survey (IDHS) in 2017 reported a gap between urban and rural contraceptive use in Gorontalo Province, Indonesia. This urban-rural inequality calls for an exploration of its drivers. Hence, this study aims at reviewing the literature to analyze the level of use of contraception for married women in rural and urban areas by examining several factors, such as education, knowledge, age, occupation, information provision, and source of service.The results shows that despite a higher knowledge of contraception in urban married women than their rural counterpart, modern contraceptive use is higher in mral areas than in urban areas. Moreover, provision of information plays a larger role in contraceptive use compared to other aspects. Furthermore, the low contraceptive use among urban women is due to the limited services, where there is a mismatch between the needs and the availability of contraception.
PENERAPAN MEDIA KARTU KATA BERGAMBAR UNTUK MENINGKATKAN SKILL MEMBACA ANAK USIA DINI DI RA ALWASLIYAH BANGUN 17 KECAMATAN GUNUNG MALELA KABUPATEN SIMALUNGUN
Authors: Yusniarti Yusniarti , Miranti Rizka Adha , Wahyudi Muhammad
Published: January 2024

The purpose of this study was to analyze the application of picture word card media to improve early childhood reading skills in Ra Alwasliyah Bangun 17, Gunung Malela District, Simalungun Regency. Learning media is an important aspect that supports the learning process for early childhood in order to develop all aspects of development for educational preparation at the next level. Very many learning media have been applied and developed in early childhood education, therefore this study aims to describe early childhood learning media. This type of research is qualitative research. The process of data collection in this type of research is: observation and interview. The results of this study explain that so many learning media can be applied by educators according to certain aspects such as aspects of vocabulary development, cognitive, speaking, creativity, numeracy, language, social emotional, physical motor and reading. One of the learning media that plays an active role in developing early childhood reading skills is picture word card media. Thus, the application of picture word card media in Ra Alwasliyah Bangun 17 can be done well.
RADIO DAN TAPE RECORDER SEBAGAI MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN
Authors: Herfandi Muhammad , Wahyudi Muhammad
Published: January 2024

One of the learning media that can be used is radio and tape recorder. Radio is an auditory learning medium that can only be enjoyed through hearing aids. The effect of the actuality of radio can be served more quickly than television The problem discussed in this study is what is the essence of radio learning media and audio tape recorders? What is the history of radio and audio tape recorder In 1951, the public education service at the ministry of education and teaching, organized a radio broadcast program for public education. The target of radio education is mainly demobilized students, who after the end of the war of independence experienced many problems both returning to school and adjusting to society. Broadcasts are broadcast from self-service transmitters in Jakarta with an effective transmission radius of 10 km. Broadcast content is taken from high school study materials and actual materials from the communityhas some advantages and disadvantages. One of the advantages of radio that we can see clearly is that it is relatively cheap, but it has a drawback that often becomes an obstacle for teachers in using radio as a learning medium, which is very tied to broadcast schedules. While one of the advantages of Audio TapeRecorder is that it has a dual function, because it can present the results of the recording
Dampak Kepatuhan Syariah terhadap Kinerja Keuangan Bank Syariah: Studi Kasus pada Struktur Pengawasan dan Manajemen Risiko
Authors: Selamat Sunardi
Published: January 2024

Shariah compliance is important for Islamic banks because it is one of the factors that determines their financial performance. This study aims to analyze the impact of shariah compliance on the financial performance of Islamic banks, with a case study on the supervisory structure and risk management. This study uses a case study method with three Islamic banks in Indonesia as the object of study. The data used in this study is secondary data obtained from the annual reports of these Islamic banks. The results of the study show that shariah compliance has a positive impact on the financial performance of Islamic banks. This impact can be seen from several aspects, including: Profitability: Islamic banks with high shariah compliance have better profitability than those with low shariah compliance, Liquidity: Islamic banks with high shariah compliance have better liquidity than those with low shariah compliance, Risk: Islamic banks with high shariah compliance have lower risk than those with low shariah compliance. Shariah compliance also has a positive impact on the supervisory structure and risk management of Islamic banks. This impact can be seen from several things, including: Supervisory structure: Shariah compliance can enhance the role of the Shari'ah Supervisory Board (SSB) in overseeing the business activities of Islamic banks, Risk management: Shariah compliance can enhance the role of the risk unit in managing risks related to shariah compliance. Based on the results of this study, it can be concluded that shariah compliance is an important factor that determines the financial performance of Islamic banks. Strong supervisory and risk management structures can help Islamic banks to improve shariah compliance and, ultimately, improve their financial performance.
PERANAN PERBANKAN DALAM MENINGKATKAN PEREKONOMIAN INDONESIA
Authors: Mahrani Windy
Published: January 2024

Indonesia as a developing country, has the aim of creating a just and prosperous society materially and spiritually. With the established strategy, Indonesia seeks to implement various steps to strengthen its economy and secure equitable development throughout the archipelago. BUMN is one of the main drivers of the national economy. As part of a state-owned company, the banking sector does not only carry out operational activities to gain profits, but also to support the government's efforts to advance the country's economy. This is clearly confirmed in Article 4 of Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 7 of 1992 concerning Banking which states that the aim of Indonesian banking is to support national development in order to increase equality, economic growth and national stability for the welfare of the general public.
PEMAHAMAN MAHASISWA TERHADAP ETIKA BISNIS SYARIAH DALAM KONTEKS KURIKULUM PROGRAM STUDY BANK SYARIAH
Authors: Amanda Trisyanti
Published: January 2024

This study can provide benefits, especially for students' understanding of Islamic business ethics in various curriculum frameworks of the Islamic Bank Study Program. By using a qualitative approach and using several research methods, among others, interviewing students and analyzing the content of curriculum materials to understand the extent to which the principles of Islamic business ethics are reflected in their perceptions and attitudes. Results show that students' understanding of Islamic business ethics is influenced by various factors, including teaching methods, financial literacy and practical experience. This variability in the level of understanding can give rise to a wide variety of challenges in effectively carrying out the values of Islamic business ethics. In the context of the curriculum, this research can provide valuable input to improve the learning process, especially in this area of Islamic business ethics. Simple applications of this research include, among others, the development of more effective learning strategies and the emphasis on positive experiences that can enhance the understanding and application of Islamic business ethics principles in the real world. Not only can this study contribute to the understanding of how the curriculum can be improved by reflecting the values of Islamic business itself to students, but this study can also provide different and in-depth perspectives on the various challenges and needs of Islamic business ethics.
IMPLEMENTASI MANAJEMEN WAKTU DALAM PENGELOLAAN PENDIDIKAN UNTUK MENCAPAI TUJUAN PENYELENGGARA PENDIDIKAN ISLAM YANG PROFESIONAL
Authors: Fauzi Muhammad
Published: January 2024

Islamic education requires effective time management to achieve the goals of professional educational administration. This research aims to investigate the implementation of time management within the context of Islamic education to enhance professionalism in educational administration. The research methodology combines literature review with qualitative analysis. This study highlights the importance of effective time scheduling in curriculum planning, teaching, and extracurricular activities within Islamic educational institutions. The proper implementation of time management enables educators to optimize the use of time in teaching, cater to students' needs, and facilitate their spiritual and intellectual growth. Research findings indicate that good time management significantly contributes to the professionalism of educators and the quality of Islamic education. Effective time management helps create a structured learning environment, motivates students, and enhances teaching efficiency. The research findings emphasize that good time management plays a crucial role in developing educator professionalism and in achieving sustainable goals in Islamic education. Effective time management allows educators to build a structured learning environment, support comprehensive student growth, and improve teaching efficiency. This research provides a profound insight into how the implementation of effective time management can be a key aspect in achieving high-quality and professional Islamic educational objectives.
MODEL DAN STRATEGI PEMBELAJARAN QUANTUM TEACHING & LEARNING
Authors: Nasution Khusnul Khotimah
Published: January 2024

This research presents an exploration of the Quantum Teaching & Learning model and its associated strategies. Quantum Teaching & Learning is an innovative approach to education that blends various pedagogical methods, technology integration, and learner-centric practices. This study delves into the key components and principles of the model, emphasizing its adaptability to diverse educational settings and subjects. The research also investigates the effectiveness of Quantum Teaching & Learning in enhancing student engagement, critical thinking, and overall learning outcomes. Additionally, it discusses the challenges and opportunities for implementing this model in contemporary educational contexts.
Ethnographic Essay of the Japanese Turkologist Okubo Koji as a Historical Source about the Life of the Turkic-Tatar Community in Harbin
Authors: Usmanova Larisa
Published: January 2024

The article tells about the ethnographic essay “On the Life of the Turkic People in Harbin”, written and published in 1924 in the Japanese magazine “Tōyō” （東洋） by the Japanese Turkologist Okubo Koji (大 久保 幸 次), who later became the founder of Islamic and Turkic academic research in Japan. This essay is considered to be among the first essays in Japanese Turkology regarding the Turkic peoples of Russia. It provides valuable information about various aspects of the lifestyle of the Turkic-Tatar emigrant community in Harbin during the period from the beginning of the construction of the Chinese Eastern Railway until 1924. It illustrates Okubo as a mediator in the Tatar-Japanese (Turkic-Japanese) relations in the prewar period and allows us to draw conclusions about Okubo’s views on the Turkic-Tatar people and their national movements. The essay consists of seven parts: 1) Turkic-Tatars as a nation, 2) the gradual advancement of the Turkic peoples to the East and their appearance in Manchuria, 3) national organs of the Turkic-Tatar community, 4) racial stereotypes, 5) Turkic language, 6) religion of Turkic-Tatars, 7) daily life of the Turkic-Tatar community in Harbin. This essay highlights the important, yet underestimated and little-known role of Okubo in supporting Turkic-Tatar emigrants in the Far East. It is alleged that this essay prepared the Japanese reader to accept the Turkic-Tatar people as a possible political ally in the future.
On the Question of Prince Abdulkerim Effendi’s Becoming the Emperor of Turkestan with Japan’s Support
Authors: Dündar A. Merthan
Published: January 2024

Japan, whose modernization began in 1868 with the Meiji Restoration taking the West as a model, became powerful enough to change the previous balances in Asia in a short time through its achievements in the economic and military fields. This fact inevitably gave way to conflicts first with China and then with Tsarist Russia. Japan was victorious in both wars and began to pursue new land gains on the mainland through the direction of nationalist groups that were influential in the military and civil bureaucracy and gathered around the idea of ‘Greater Asianism’. Japan expanded her field of influence through direct occupations and founding puppet states and attempted to infiltrate the Turkic world. Japan supported the 1933 uprising in East Turkestan with the intention of making Sultan Abdulhamid’s grandson Prince Abdulkerim Effendi, the Emperor and Caliph of Turkestan, if the uprising were successful. This article investigates the new documents found in the Japanese archives and sheds light on the attitudes of the Turkish Republic and the Soviet Union towards this development.
Modernization in Japanese Fashion and the Influence of Fashion Magazines in 1930s Japan: Focusing on the Case of Fashion
Authors: Savas Akiko
Published: January 2024

In the 1930s when contemporaneousness was rapidly being realized all over the world, Japanese fashion experienced a dramatic change under the strong influence of Western fashion culture. This paper examines the modernization/Westernization of Japanese fashion and the role that fashion magazines had played in it. By analyzing the articles in Fashion, the first monthly fashion magazine in Japan, this study delineates what modern Japanese fashion aspired to and the issues it had to address. In the 1930s, a transition period from kimonos to the Western clothes, Japanese women had conflicted feelings about wearing Western clothes, thus Fashion encouraged them through articles which suggested easy ways to adopt Western clothes while publicizing the ideal body image as suitable for Western clothes. In addition, by considering the influences of fashion magazines on Japanese women in the context of a novel by Jun’ichirō Tanizaki, The Makioka Sisters, this study also examines the paradoxical effects of the new body image imposed on Japanese women, that the author depicted through the female character of this novel.
New materials about the secret supervision of A. I. Turgenev (reports of gendarmes and agents from the archive of the III Section)
Authors: Bochkarev Mikhail Mikhailovich
Published: January 2024

It has long been known in historical literature that the III Section conducted secret supervision of the statesman and public figure of the first half of the XIX century, historian, archaeographer and writer Alexander Ivanovich Turgenev (1784-1845), but researchers rarely turned to the surveillance materials themselves. The purpose of the article is to familiarize readers in more detail with the gendarmerie documents, highlighting the characteristic features of the supervision of A. I. Turgenev in Moscow and Simbirsk. This will allow us to raise questions again about the effectiveness of the supervision of the III Section for cultural figures of Pushkin's time and about the overall value of the reports. In the process of research, it is established how much information from the papers of the III Section correlates with real facts from the life of A. I. Turgenev, which is important for studying the biography of the historian and writer. The article uses a comparative method: the reliability of information from the documents of the III Section is checked by comparing them with information from the correspondence of A. I. Turgenev and his friends and from the formulary list of our hero. In addition, in order to better visualize the specifics of the content of supervision materials, the data are systematized, similar plots are grouped. As a result of the study, we come to the conclusion that A. I. Turgenev knew about the supervision of the III Section for himself. The supervision was not effective, did not lead to the adoption of specific measures against our hero, because there were no legitimate grounds for that. When reviewing the gendarmerie materials, the opinion of the different qualifications of the informants of the III Section, which has developed in historiography, is convincingly confirmed: high gendarmerie officials in their reports admit that Turgenev's speeches and actions were monitored by domestic servants. In general, the analyzed documents expand our understanding of the daily life of A. I. Turgenev in Moscow and Simbirsk, however, caution is required when working with them: the information contained in them is not always confirmed by other sources (this applies to a number of dates of the arrival / departure of our hero, his relationship with his brother and future plans for life).
Ricordo di Franco Gnoli. Premessa
Authors: Fargnoli Iole
Published: January 2024

Introduzione agli atti della Giornata tenutasi in data 17 marzo 2023 all'Università degli Studi di Milano in ricordo di Franco Gnoli, a un anno e mezzo dalla scomparsa del Maestro.
Magneto-acoustic coupling: Physics, materials, and devices
Authors: Chen Chong , Ma Ming-Yuan , Pan Feng , Song Cheng ,   Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials (MOE), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
Published: January 2024

Acoustic wave in solid has two modes of propagation: the bulk acoustic wave (BAW), which propagates inside solid in the form of longitudinal or transverse wave, and the surface acoustic wave (SAW), which is generated on the surface of solid and propagates along the surface. In acoustic radio frequency (RF) technologies acoustic waves are used to intercept and process RF signals, which are typified by the rapidly developing RF filter technology. Acoustic filter has the advantages of small size, low cost, steady performance and simple fabrication, and is widely used in mobile communication and other fields. Due to the mature fabrication process and well-defined resonance frequency of acoustic device, acoustic wave has become an extremely intriguing way to manipulate magnetism and spin current, with the goal of pursuing miniaturized, ultra-fast, and energy-efficient spintronic device applications. The integration of magnetic materials into acoustic RF device also provides a new way of thinking about the methods of acoustic device modulation and performance enhancement. This review first summarizes various physical mechanisms of magneto-acoustic coupling, and then based on these mechanisms, a variety of magnetic and spin phenomena such as acoustically controlled magnetization dynamics, magnetization switching, magnetic domain wall and magnetic skyrmions generation and motion, and spin current generation are systematically introduced. In addition, the research progress of magnetic control of acoustic wave, the inverse process of acoustic control of magnetism, is discussed, including the magnetic modulation of acoustic wave parameters and nonreciprocal propagation of acoustic waves, as well as new magneto-acoustic devices developed based on this, such as SAW-based magnetic field sensors, magneto-electric antennas, and tunable filters. Finally, the possible research objectives and applications of magneto-acoustic coupling in the future are prospected. In summary, the field of magneto-acoustic coupling is still in a stage of rapid development, and a series of groundbreaking breakthroughs has been made in the last decades, and the major advances are summarized in this field. The field of magneto-acoustic coupling is expected to make further significant breakthroughs, and we hope that this review will further promote the researches of physical phenomena of the coupling between magnetism and acoustic wave, spin and lattice, and potential device applications as well.
Differential susceptibility of male and female germ cells to glucocorticoid-mediated signaling
Authors: Cincotta Steven A , Richardson Nainoa , Foecke Mariko H , Laird Diana J
Published: January 2024

While physiologic stress has long been known to impair mammalian reproductive capacity through hormonal dysregulation, mounting evidence now suggests that stress experienced prior to or during gestation may also negatively impact the health of future offspring. Rodent models of gestational physiologic stress can induce neurologic and behavioral changes that persist for up to three generations, suggesting that stress signals can induce lasting epigenetic changes in the germline. Treatment with glucocorticoid stress hormones is sufficient to recapitulate the transgenerational changes seen in physiologic stress models. These hormones are known to bind and activate the glucocorticoid receptor (GR), a ligand-inducible transcription factor, thus implicating GR-mediated signaling as a potential contributor to the transgenerational inheritance of stress-induced phenotypes. Here, we demonstrate dynamic spatiotemporal regulation of GR expression in the mouse germline, showing expression in the fetal oocyte as well as the perinatal and adult spermatogonia. Functionally, we find that fetal oocytes are intrinsically buffered against changes in GR signaling, as neither genetic deletion of GR nor GR agonism with dexamethasone altered the transcriptional landscape or the progression of fetal oocytes through meiosis. In contrast, our studies revealed that the male germline is susceptible to glucocorticoid-mediated signaling, specifically by regulating RNA splicing within the spermatogonia, although this does not abrogate fertility. Together, our work suggests a sexually dimorphic function for GR in the germline, and represents an important step towards understanding the mechanisms by which stress can modulate the transmission of genetic information through the germline.
Antigenic strain diversity predicts different biogeographic patterns of maintenance and decline of anti-malarial drug resistance
Authors: He Qixin , Chaillet John K. , Labbé Frédéric
Published: January 2024

The establishment and spread of anti-malarial drug resistance vary drastically across different biogeographic regions. Though most infections occur in Sub-Saharan Africa, resistant strains often emerge in low-transmission regions. Existing models on resistance evolution lack consensus on the relationship between transmission intensity and drug resistance, possibly due to overlooking the feedback between antigenic diversity, host immunity, and selection for resistance. To address this, we developed a novel compartmental model that tracks sensitive and resistant parasite strains, as well as the host dynamics of generalized and antigen-specific immunity. Our results show a negative correlation between parasite prevalence and resistance frequency, regardless of resistance cost or efficacy. Validation using chloroquine-resistant marker data supports this trend. Post discontinuation of drugs, resistance remains high in low-diversity, low-transmission regions, while it steadily decreases in high-diversity, high-transmission regions. Our study underscores the critical role of malaria strain diversity in the biogeographic patterns of resistance evolution.
A novel incomplete hesitant fuzzy information supplement and clustering method for large-scale group decision-making
Authors: Wang Jingdong , Wang Wenhui , Meng Fanqi , Wang Peifang , Wang Xuesong , Wei Shuang , Liu Tong , Yang Shuaisong
Published: January 2024

Clustering is an effective means to reduce the scaling of large-scale group decision-making (LSGDM). However, there are many problems with clustering methods, such as incomplete or ambiguous information usually provided by different decision makers. Traditional clustering methods may not be able to handle these situations effectively, resulting in incomplete decision-making information. Calculating the clustering centers may become very complex and time-consuming. Inappropriate distance weights may also lead to incorrect cluster assignments, and these problems will seriously affect the clustering results. This research provides a novel incomplete hesitant fuzzy information supplement and clustering approach for large-scale group decision-making in order to address the aforementioned difficulties. First, the approach takes into account the trust degradation and the inhibition of relationships of distrust in the process of trust propagation, and then it builds a global and local network of trust. A novel supplemental formula is provided that takes into account the decision-preference maker’s as well as the trust-neighbor’s information, allowing the decision-neighbor maker’s recommendation to be realized. Therefore, an improved distance function can be proposed to calculate the weights by combining the relative standard deviation theory and selecting the selected clustering centers by using the density peaks in order to optimize the selection of clustering centers and reduce the complexity and scaling of the decision. Finally, an example is presented to demonstrate how the proposed method can be applied. The consistency index and comparison experiments are used to evaluate if the suggested approach is effective and reliable.
Reversal of cholestatic liver disease by the inhibition of sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 2 signaling
Authors: Cao Huiling , Chen Lin , Zeng Ziyang , Wu Xianfeng , Lei Yuhao , Jia Wen , Yue Guang , Yi Bin , Li Yu-jie , Shi Yuan
Published: January 2024

Aims

The objective of this study is to examine the impact of inhibiting Sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 2 (S1PR2) on liver inflammation, fibrogenesis, and changes of gut microbiome in the context of cholestasis-induced conditions.

Methods

The cholestatic liver injury model was developed by common bile duct ligation (CBDL). Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly allocated to three groups, sham operation, CBDL group and JTE-013 treated CBDL group. Biochemical and histological assessments were conducted to investigate the influence of S1PR2 on the modulation of fibrogenic factors and inflammatory infiltration. We conducted an analysis of the fecal microbiome by using 16S rRNA sequencing. Serum bile acid composition was evaluated through the utilization of liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry techniques.

Results

In the BDL rat model, the study findings revealed a significant increase in serum levels of conjugated bile acids, accompanied by an overexpression of S1PR2. Treatment with the specific inhibitor of S1PR2, known as JTE-013, resulted in a range of specific effects on the BDL rats. These effects included the improvement of liver function, reduction of liver inflammation, inhibition of hepatocyte apoptosis, and suppression of NETosis. These effects are likely mediated through the TCA/S1PR2/NOX2/NLRP3 pathway. Furthermore, the administration of JTE-013 resulted in an augmentation of the diversity of the bacterial community’s diversity, facilitating the proliferation of advantageous species while concurrently inhibiting the prevalence of detrimental bacteria.

Conclusions

The results of our study suggest that the administration of JTE-013 may have a beneficial effect in alleviating cholestatic liver disease and restoring the balance of intestinal flora.
Effects of restoration years on soil nitrogen and phosphorus in inland salt marshes
Authors: Zhao Dandan , Wan Daiji , Yang Jian , Liu Jiping , Yong Zhicheng , Ma Chongya
Published: January 2024

Inland salt marsh wetlands have very important ecological functions in semi-arid areas. However, degradation and soil desertification have impacted these areas, making it necessary to study the impact of wetland restoration years on the soil quality of salt marsh wetland. We used remote sensing methods, field surveys, and inquiries to examine the seasonal profile effects of two-, four-, and six-year restoration periods on total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP) and the ratio of nitrogen to phosphorus (N:P) in P. australis and S. triqueter wetland natural states. Our results showed that soil TN in P. australis wetland in restored conditions was higher than that in natural conditions. The average soil TP of the S. triqueter wetlands at 0–10 cm, 10–20 cm, 20–30 cm, and 30–40 cm layers was 0.36 g/kg, 0.31 g/kg, 0.21 g/kg, and 0.17 g/kg s in September, respectively. The soil TP of the S. triqueter wetland increased slightly over the entire growing season. The restoration years had a great influence on the soil TP of the S. triqueter wetland from May to July. The soil TN in the P. australis wetland was almost restored to its natural condition in each layer during the six-year restoration period. The soil TP of the S. triqueter wetland was higher in the restored two-year period and showed a decreasing trend with an increased soil depth. Our conclusions can significantly guide the restoration of inland salt marsh wetlands.
A novel non-invasive nociceptive monitoring approach fit for intracerebral surgery: a retrospective analysis
Authors: Ruemmler Robert , Moravenova Veselina , Al-Butmeh Sandy , Fukui-Dunkel Kimiko , Griemert Eva-Verena , Ziebart Alexander
Published: January 2024

Background

Measuring depth of anesthesia during intracerebral surgery is an important task to guarantee patient safety, especially while the patient is fixated in a Mayfield-clamp. Processed electro-encephalography measurements have been established to monitor deep sedation. However, visualizing nociception has not been possible until recently and has not been evaluated for the neurosurgical setting. In this single-center, retrospective observational analysis, we routinely collected the nociceptive data via a nociception level monitor (NOL®) of 40 patients undergoing intracerebral tumor resection and aimed to determine if this monitoring technique is feasible and delivers relevant values to potentially base therapeutic decisions on.

Methods

Forty patients (age 56 ± 18 years) received total intravenous anesthesia and were non-invasively connected to the NOL® via a finger clip as well as a bispectral-index monitoring (BIS®) to confirm deep sedation. The measured nociception levels were retrospectively evaluated at specific time points of nociceptive stress (intubation, Mayfield-positioning, incision, extubation) and compared to standard vital signs.

Results

Nociceptive measurements were successfully performed in 35 patients. The largest increase in nociceptive stimulation occurred during intubation (NOL® 40 ± 16) followed by Mayfield positioning (NOL® 39 ± 16) and incision (NOL® 26 ± 12). Correlation with BIS measurements confirmed a sufficiently deep sedation during all analyzed time points (BIS 45 ± 13). Overall, patients showed an intraoperative NOL® score of 10 or less in 56% of total intervention time.

Conclusions

Nociceptive monitoring using the NOL® system during intracerebral surgery is feasible and might yield helpful information to support therapeutic decisions. This could help to reduce hyperanalgesia, facilitating shorter emergence periods and less postoperative complications. Prospective clinical studies are needed to further examine the potential benefits of this monitoring approach in a neurosurgical context.

Trial registration

German trial registry, registration number DRKS00029120.
XYA-2: a marine-derived compound targeting apoptosis and multiple signaling pathways in pancreatic cancer
Authors: Guan Xiaoqing , Li Yun , Guan Xiaodan , Fan Linfei , Ying Jieer
Published: January 2024

Background

Pancreatic cancer is a highly aggressive and fatal disease with limited treatment options and poor prognosis for patients. This study aimed to investigate the impact of XYA-2 {N-(3,7-dimethyl-2,6-octadienyl)-2-aza-2-deoxychaetoviridin A}, a nitrogenated azaphilon previously reported from a deep-sea-derived fungus on the progression of pancreatic cancer cells.

Methods

The inhibitory effects of XYA-2 on cell proliferation, clonogenic potential, cell cycle progression, apoptosis, migration, and invasion were assessed using various assays. The CCK-8 assay, clone formation assay, flow cytometry assay, wound healing assay, and transwell assay were employed to evaluate cell proliferation, clonogenic potential, cell cycle progression, apoptosis, migration, and invasion, respectively. Moreover, we employed RNA-seq and bioinformatics analyses to uncover the underlying mechanism by which XYA-2 influences pancreatic cancer cells. The revealed mechanism was subsequently validated through qRT-PCR.

Results

Our results demonstrated that XYA-2 dose-dependently inhibited the proliferation of pancreatic cancer cells and induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Additionally, XYA-2 exerted a significant inhibitory effect on the invasion and migration of cancer cells. Moreover, XYA-2 was found to regulate the expression of genes involved in multiple cancer-related pathways based on our RNA-seq and bioinformatics analysis.

Conclusion

These findings highlight the potential of XYA-2 as a promising therapeutic option for the treatment of pancreatic cancer.
Assessment of Clinicopathological Profile and Receptor Status of Breast Cancer Patients at a Tertiary Care Centre in Uttarakhand, India: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Chauhan Dinesh Singh , Jain Navneet , Dobhal Dhananjay , Jain Ankit
Published: January 2024

Introduction: Breast carcinoma has become a major public health problem among both urban and rural populations in India. The management of breast carcinoma depends on hormone receptor status and the pathological properties of the tissue, which serve as important prognostic markers. Aim: The aim of this study was to analyse the clinicopathological parameters and receptor status in breast cancer patients in the Garhwal Region of Uttarakhand. Materials and Methods: This prospective cohort study involved 51 patients who underwent modified radical mastectomy for breast carcinoma at the Department of General Surgery, Government Doon Medical College, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India. The study was conducted over a period of two years and seven months, from May 2018 to December 2020. Various parameters such as age, side and quadrant of breast involvement, TNM stage, histological grade, receptor status, molecular subtypes, and axillary lymph node status were evaluated. The data was tabulated using Microsoft Excel 2007. The distribution of various receptors in tumour specimens was compared with clinicopathological variables and expressed as percentages. Results: The mean age of the study participants was 52.54±13.24 years, with a male to female ratio of 2:98. In this study, the majority of females (62.74%) belonged to the age group of 40 to 60 years. Left breast carcinoma showed a slightly higher prevalence (52.94%) than right breast carcinoma (47.05%), and the upper outer quadrant was the most commonly involved (50.98%). Infiltrating ductal carcinoma, not otherwise specified, was the most common histological type observed in all patients. The majority of patients (84.31%) had tumour sizes less than 5 cm. Grade-II tumours were the most frequent grade, observed in 34 cases (66.66%). Among the tumour stages, T2 stage accounted for the highest frequency (67%), followed by T3. The authors found that the highest frequency of tumours belonged to N0 stage (29.41%), followed by N1, N2, and N3, respectively. The corresponding rates of luminal A, luminal B, triple-negative, and Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2 (HER-2)/neu enriched subtypes were 5 (14.7%), 3 (8.82%), 11 (32.5%), and 3 (8.82%), respectively. The cases negative for Oestrogen Receptor (ER) and Progesterone Receptor (PR) were found to have high-grade disease on histological evaluation. Conclusion: The higher percentage of Grade-II and III tumours observed in this study highlights the need to increase health awareness in this area in order to decrease morbidity and mortality. The study recommends that Immunohistochemistry (IHC) classification serves as an important prognostic factor in breast cancer patients.
Primary Cardiac Tumours: A Series of Four Cases
Authors: Samly Mega , Ravindran Bejoy , Priyadharshini Radha
Published: January 2024

Primary cardiac tumours are uncommon, and approximately 90% of them, in both children and adults, are benign. Primary tumours are less prevalent than secondary malignancies that spread to the heart. The subtle and non specific nature of the clinical signs could cause a delay in diagnosis, as well as surgical treatment. Although epidemiology and multimodality imaging approaches are helpful, the definitive diagnosis often necessitates histologic evaluation, and histological characterisation continues to be the gold standard in diagnostics. Herein the authors described four (two males and two females) cases of intriguing primary cardiac tumours. All the cases were diagnosed to have a cardiac mass/clot by Echocardiography (Echo), and the cases underwent tumour excision. Histopathological analysis revealed three benign cases diagnosed as atrial myomas, and one malignant case diagnosed as high-grade spindle cell sarcoma, specifically rhabdomyosarcoma. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was required for the definitive diagnosis of the malignant patient. All the patients were followed-up for a period of one year. All benign cases were symptom- free, while the patient who had rhabdomyosarcoma expired. The aim of the present case series was to highlight the importance of histopathological examination, as well as the prognosis of cardiac tumours.