bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Biodistribution of Drug/ADA Complexes: The Impact of Immune Complex Formation on Antibody Distribution
Authors: Opolka-Hoffmann Eugenia , Edelmann Martin R. , Otteneder Michael B. , Hauri Simon , Jordan Gregor , Schrag Peter , Lechmann Martin , Winter Gerhard , Staack Roland F.
Published: March 2024

The clinical use of therapeutic monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) for the treatment of cancer, inflammation, and other indications has been successfully established. A critical aspect of drug-antibody pharmacokinetics is immunogenicity, which triggers an immune response via an anti-drug antibody (ADA) and forms drug/ADA immune complexes (ICs). As a consequence, there may be a reduced efficacy upon neutralization by ADA or an accelerated drug clearance. It is therefore important to understand immunogenicity in biological therapies. A drug-like immunoglobulin G (IgG) was radiolabeled with tritium, and ICs were formed using polyclonal ADA, directed against the complementary-determining region of the drug-IgG, to investigate in vivo biodistribution in rodents. It was demonstrated that 65% of the radioactive IC dose was excreted within the first 24 h, compared with only 6% in the control group who received non-complexed 3H-drug. Autoradiographic imaging at the early time point indicated a deposition of immune complexes in the liver, lung, and spleen indicated by an increased radioactivity signal. A biodistribution study confirmed the results and revealed further insights regarding excretion and plasma profiles. It is assumed that the immune complexes are readily taken up by the reticuloendothelial system. The ICs are degraded proteolytically, and the released radioactively labeled amino acids are redistributed throughout the body. These are mainly renally excreted as indicated by urine measurements or incorporated into protein synthesis. These biodistribution studies using tritium-labeled immune complexes described in this article underline the importance of understanding the immunogenicity induced by therapeutic proteins and the resulting influence on biological behavior.

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Dissecting the dynamic cellular transcriptional atlas of adult teleost testis development throughout the annual reproductive cycle
Authors: Jin Chaofan , Yan Kai , Wang Mengya , Song Weihao , Wang Bo , Men Yu , Niu Jingjing , He Yan , Zhang Quanqi , Qi Jie
Published: March 2024

Teleost testis development during the annual cycle involves dramatic changes in cellular compositions and molecular events. In this study, the testicular cells derived from adult black rockfish at distinct stages – regressed, regenerating and differentiating – were meticulously dissected via single-cell transcriptome sequencing. A continuous developmental trajectory of spermatogenic cells, from spermatogonia to spermatids, was delineated, elucidating the molecular events involved in spermatogenesis. Subsequently, the dynamic regulation of gene expression associated with spermatogonia proliferation and differentiation was observed across spermatogonia subgroups and developmental stages. A bioenergetic transition from glycolysis to mitochondrial respiration of spermatogonia during the annual developmental cycle was demonstrated, and a deeper level of heterogeneity and molecular characteristics was revealed by re-clustering analysis. Additionally, the developmental trajectory of Sertoli cells was delineated, alongside the divergence of Leydig cells and macrophages. Moreover, the interaction network between testicular micro-environment somatic cells and spermatogenic cells was established. Overall, our study provides detailed information on both germ and somatic cells within teleost testes during the annual reproductive cycle, which lays the foundation for spermatogenesis regulation and germplasm preservation of endangered species.
A proposed equation for calculating the total horizontal distance in projectiles of varying launch and landing levels
Authors: omer hussein
Published: March 2024

Background The projectile draws a path for the flight of the tool, a horizontal distance can be calculated according to the Galileo Galilei Law of Projectiles (GGLP), but only if the two points of the launch and fall of the tool are equal, otherwise we need an equation to be added to the (GGLP) to calculate the real distance that was generated due to the difference between the launch and fall points. There are several equations to calculate this, but they are complex and can be simplified. Methods The proposed equation was tested by exporting samples from three different throwing events (javelin, shotput, disc) data in track and field games, to calculate the horizontal throwing distance. The proposed equation was based on the basics of mathematics and geometry. The equation was tested in terms if the height is zero, the proposed equation is suitable even for projectiles with equal levels, and the credibility of the proposed equation with the previous equation was tested statistically. Results It was found that there were no differences between the two equations (p>0.05). and due to the relative ease of access of the proposed equation to very similar results, researcher suggests applying the proposed equation. Conclusions The proposed equation contained the height factor in the previous equation, and when tested by several criteria, the proposed equation has proven its credibility, statistically and graphically. The ranges of theoretical achievement calculated by the proposed equation are often closer to the real achievements.
Analgésicos organizacionales: Una herramienta de gestión del management funcionalista
Authors: Higuita Lopez Daimer
Published: March 2024

Objetivo: Este artículo de investigación construye una analogía entre el dolor físico y su manejo con analgésicos y el dolor-malestar de trabajadores y su tratamiento con analgésicos organizacionales. Con esta analogía se devela que los trabajadores vivencian dolores y malestares causados por condiciones laborales asociadas al management funcionalista y que quienes están al frente de estas organizaciones no buscan solucionar las causas del dolor sino paliarlo. Metodología: Para lograr esto, la investigación examina algunas prácticas que se han instalado en el entorno empresarial y se constituyen en auténticos analgésicos organizacionales. Analgésicos porque su propósito es atenuar el dolor. El trabajo sobre el terreno implicó tres etapas: exploración mediante 102 encuestas, focalización a través de 16 entrevistas y profundización mediante un grupo foco con siete participantes. Resultados principales: La investigación arrojó cuatro tipos de analgésicos: el sentido de autorresponsabilidad, la producción de expectativas, los mensajes e ideas disuasivas y el mundo material. El análisis permite ver cómo operan esos analgésicos organizacionales y los efectos en la acción y subjetividad de los trabajadores. Conclusiones: la investigación pone en evidencia que en lugar de solucionar algunos problemas generadores de malestar —sufrimiento o dolor psíquico en el trabajo—, algunos directivos eligen administrar analgésicos para paliar ese malestar.
Gestión del conocimiento y pymes: un análisis bibliométrico de tendencias
Authors: Guendulay León Karen Alejandra , Jiménez Velasco Gabriela , Acevedo Martínez Jorge Antonio Silvestre , Cruz Cabrera Blasa Celerina
Published: March 2024

Objetivo: el artículo es una revisión sistemática, que partió de un análisis bibliométrico con el propósito de analizar el progreso y la evolución de la producción científica de la gestión del conocimiento (GC) y las pequeñas y medianas empresas (pymes), desde 1999 al 2022. La búsqueda de los documentos se llevó a cabo a través de la base de datos Scopus con un total de 836 artículos. Metodología: elección de la base de datos a utilizar y los criterios de búsqueda. La exploración se realizó en inglés. El análisis de los datos se llevó a cabo a través de dos vertientes: el análisis de desempeño y el mapeo científico. Resultados principales: se identificó un crecimiento en los últimos diez años sobre la productividad de las revistas científicas que abordan a la GC; gran parte de la productividad se generó en países industrializados, Reino Unido fue el principal productor. Lo mismo ocurre con las diez revistas más representativas. Conclusiones: el artículo más citado según al análisis del desempeño no coincide con el mapa de coocurrencias sobre las 20 investigaciones más cocitadas de la GC y las pymes.
Semidefinite Approximations for Bicliques and Bi-Independent Pairs
Authors: Laurent Monique , Polak Sven , Vargas Luis Felipe
Published: March 2024

We investigate some graph parameters dealing with bi-independent pairs (A, B) in a bipartite graph [Formula: see text], that is, pairs (A, B) where [Formula: see text], and [Formula: see text] are independent. These parameters also allow us to study bicliques in general graphs. When maximizing the cardinality [Formula: see text], one finds the stability number [Formula: see text], well-known to be polynomial-time computable. When maximizing the product [Formula: see text], one finds the parameter g(G), shown to be NP-hard by Peeters in 2003, and when maximizing the ratio [Formula: see text], one finds h(G), introduced by Vallentin in 2020 for bounding product-free sets in finite groups. We show that h(G) is an NP-hard parameter and, as a crucial ingredient, that it is NP-complete to decide whether a bipartite graph G has a balanced maximum independent set. These hardness results motivate introducing semidefinite programming (SDP) bounds for g(G), h(G), and [Formula: see text] (the maximum cardinality of a balanced independent set). We show that these bounds can be seen as natural variations of the Lovász ϑ-number, a well-known semidefinite bound on [Formula: see text]. In addition, we formulate closed-form eigenvalue bounds, and we show relationships among them as well as with earlier spectral parameters by Hoffman and Haemers in 2001 and Vallentin in 2020.

Funding: This work was supported by H2020 Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions [Grant 813211 (POEMA)].
malditas invasões curriculares!
Authors: Roseiro Steferson zanoni , Lippaus pires gonçalves Nahun thiaghor , Zanotti guerra frizzera delboni Tania mara
Published: March 2024

O ensaio dialoga sobre imagens curriculares utópicas que, expressas na escola, representam os feitos ideais de condutas, comportamentos almejados para exaustão da vida nos curriculos que insistem no enquadramento. Logo, o objetivo é questionar a lógica quase imperial de veiculação de imagens das práticas curriculares. Para tanto são fabuladas cenas de escola que brincam com a lógica das estabilidades curriculares. Se a escola e a professora se veem, nesse contexto, obrigadas a registrar os currículos em imagens quase midiáticas, interessa-nos produzir imagens no limite do aceitável. Afinal, o que se entende por currículos? Quais sentidos são produzidos a partir dessas invasões imagéticas? Uma escola que prolifera as imagens-perfeitas de sala de aula, de aluno, de professora etc. mais enlutam a vida que realmente a produzem. Na contramão, como produzir imagens para além do governo da vida? É possível afirmar a escola como uma potência do infinito?
Pendampingan Perancangan Eksterior Menara Masjid Baiturrohiem di Perum Wisma Kedung Asem Indah
Authors: Kharismawan Rabbani , Soemardiono Bambang , Mahendra Angger Sukma , Nugroho Setyo , Septanti Dewi , Sumartinah Happy Ratna , Sudarma Erwin , Krisdianto Johanes , Muchlis Nurfahmi , Defiana Ima
Published: March 2024

Menara masjid telah lama digunakan sebagai tanda dan alat untuk menunjukkan keberadaan masjid dalam suatu lingkungan. Selain membantu menyuarakan adzan, menara juga berfungsi sebagai elemen yang meningkatkan keindahan visual sebuah masjid. Walaupun Masjid Baiturrohiem telah mengalami pengembangan besar sejak tahun 2010, namun masih belum memiliki menara yang mencerminkan dengan baik keagungan masjid saat ini. Oleh karena itu, pada tahun 2020, dimulai upaya untuk memulai pembangunan menara yang lebih representatif. Sayangnya, hingga saat ini, tim Takmir dan panitia pembangunan masih belum memiliki dokumen arsitektural yang diperlukan untuk mendukung penyelesaian proyek pembangunan menara ini. Proses ini dimulai dengan melakukan survei lokasi, kemudian dilanjutkan dengan perencanaan dan akhirnya disusul dengan pembuatan gambar kerja yang dibutuhkan. Tujuan dari program pengabdian masyarakat ini adalah untuk memberikan pendampingan perancangan dalam eksterior Menara Masjid Baiturrohiem hingga menghasilkan dokumen rancang yang akan diserahkan ke panitia Pembangunan Menara masjid untuk dijadikan acuan dalam desain eksterior Menara. Dengan demikian, perancangan eksterior menara masjid ini diharapkan akan memberikan kebanggaan warga Perum Wisma Kedung Asem Indah di masa depan.
Pelatihan Pengantar Logika dan Pemrograman Dasar untuk The Skills Indonesia dengan Gamifikasi
Authors: Sarwosri Sarwosri , Rochimah Siti , Yuhana Umi Laili , Oranova Daniel , Akbar Rizky Januar
Published: March 2024

Era digital saat ini, mendorong setiap orang untuk memahami perkembangan teknologi informasi. Teknologi informasi yang cukup berkembang saat ini adalah Logika dan Pemrograman. Logika dan Pemrograman bisa dipelajari oleh segala jenis usia. Siswa siswi Sekolah Dasar (SD) juga bisa mempelajari logika dan pemrograman ini. The Skills Indonesia merupakan Lembaga Pendidikan yang berfokus pada akselerasi transformasi pendidikan abad-21 di Indonesia memfasilitasi siswa siswa untuk mempelajari Logika dan Pemrograman. Laboratorium Rekayasa Perangkat Lunak bekerja sama dengan Tim Skills Indonesia bermitra untuk mengadakan pelatihan Pengantar Logika dan Pemrograman. Jumlah peserta yang mengikuti pelatihan adalah 35 siswa. Siswa berasal dari kelas 4 s.d kelas 6 sekolah dasar. Pelatihan dilakukan secara daring dengan menggunakan aplikasi Zoom Meeting. Materi pelatihan yang diberikan meliputi logika dasar, penyelesaian masalah menggunakan logika, pemrograman dasar, implementasi logika dan pemrograman dasar dengan permainan Ozaria. Pengabdian ini berhasil dilakukan dan dapat menjadi bentuk kontribusi ITS terhadap perkembangan pendidikan di Indonesia.
Aplikasi Teknologi Tepat Guna (TTG) Mesin Kombinasi Pencacah dan Pencetak Pakan Ternak pada Peternak Binaan Ponpes Fathul Ulum
Authors: Rusdiyana Liza , Suhariyanto Suhariyanto , Winarto Winarto , Subiyanto Hari , Mursid Mahirul , Sanyoto Budi Luwar
Published: March 2024

Pemerintah Kabupaten Jombang untuk terus berupaya mengurangi jumlah kemiskinan di wilayahnya dengan memberdayakan masyarakat di bidang pertanian dan peternakan terpadu. Salah satunya adalah dengan peternakan sapi dan kambing. Hal ini disambut dengan baik oleh masyarakat Jombang. Diantaranya adalah komunitas peternak sapi dan kambing binaan Ponpes Fathul Ulum Diwek Jombang yang sudah tersebar di area Jombang diantaranya di daerah Wonosalam, Bareng, Diwek, dan Ploso. Kebutuhan pakan dan upaya menabung pakan menjadi salah satu satu motivasi utama dari komunitas peternak. Sumber pakan yang melimpah di sekitar mereka menjadi dorongan, seperti jerami, bonggol jagung, pohon jagung, sekam padi dan limbah lainnya yang dapat digunakan sebagai sumber pakan yang bisa disimpan sebagai tabungan pakan disaat musim kemarau tiba. Maka dari itu, diperlukan sebuah inovasi berupa "Mesin Pencacah dan Pencetak Pelet Pakan Ternak". Mesin ini dirancang untuk membantu peternak membuat pelet pakan dalam skala besar sehingga mampu mengelola kebutuhan pakan ternak. Poin penting dari inovasi yang dilakukan dalam kegiatan Abmas kali ini adalah pada aspek keamanan. TTG yang diserahkan telah disertai sensor batas keamanan yang secara otomatis akan mematikan mesin jika ada risiko terjepitnya tangan secara tidak sengaja. Selain itu, pada TTG ini juga menggunakan mekanisme pendorong otomatis yang akan meringankan pekerjaan operator dalam memasukkan bahan baku yang akan diolah. Melalui inovasi ini diharapkan tidak hanya menyediakan solusi bagi para peternak dalam memproduksi pakan ternak secara lebih efisien, lebih berkualitas serta jumlah produksi pakan ternak yang meningkat tetapi juga mengutamakan aspek keamanan dan kemudahan operasional dalam penggunaan TTG ini.
Penggunaan Panel Surya Sebagai Alternatif Sumber Energi pada Penyediaan Air Bersih di Dusun Winong Jatisawit
Authors: Suyatno Suyatno , Indarto Bachtera , Yudoyono Gatut , Prajitno Gontjang , Nasori Nasori , Muntini Melania Suweni , Indrawati Susilo , Mashuri Mashuri , Asrori Muhamad Zainul , Purwaningsih Sriyani
Published: March 2024

Keberadaan air bersih seringkali ditentukan oleh topografi dan letak geografis. Sebagai daerah yang berada diarea perbukitan, dusun Winong yang berada di Kabupaten Karanganyar Jawa Tengah memiliki kendala dalam penyediaan air bersih. Lokasi yang berada di perbukitan, membuat aliran air permukaan dari sumber mata air membutuhkan usaha yang cukup besar. Saat ini, masyarakat mengalirkan air dari sumber mata air dengan menggunakan pipa yang berjarak 5 km dari desa. Penggunaan pipa tersebut berpotensi rusak oleh binatang serta banjir ketika musim hujan. Selain itu, ada beberapa warga yang membuat sumur pompa dengan kedalaman 100 m sehingga diperlukan pompa air bertenaga listrik dengan daya besar. Hal ini menambah beban warga dengan iuran listrik setiap bulan untuk pompa air. Jarak sumber air dan ketergantungan akan listrik PLN, menyebabkan pasokan air sering tidak tersedia, khususnya ketika musim penghujan. Pada musim penghujan, air yang dari pipa biasanya keruh bahkan mati karena pipa sering terbawa banjir. Di musim penghujan, listrik PLN sering mengalami pemadaman. Pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini bertujuan membuat sistem pembangkit listrik berbasis energi matahari melalui panel surya. Listrik yang dihasilkan digunakan untuk menggerakkan pompa air. Sistem ini beroperasi secara hibrid menggunakan inverter hibrid antara tenaga matahari, baterai dan listrik PLN. Jumlah daya yang dihasilkan oleh sistem ini adalah 4.050 Wp yang berasal dari 30 lembar panel surya berdaya 135 Wp. Sementara baterai yang digunakan adalah 2 buah baterai dengan tegangan 12 V/100 Ah. Melalui program ini, diharapkan kebutuhan air bersih dapat tercukupi tanpa adanya ketergantungan lagi dengan listrik PLN, sehingga kebutuhan dasar melalui air bersih dapat terpenuhi sehingga kualitas hidup di daerah tersebut menjadi lebih baik.
Pemberdayaan Ekonomi Masyarakat Pantai Payangan dengan Pengembangan Produk Sirup dari Buah Perepat (Sonneratia alba)
Authors: Akhsan Maulana Yudha , Khoirunnissa Aulia , Ardianti Nanda Melani , Yahya Ahmad Daily , Salsabila Nida Ayu , Pratiwi Widya Septaningtyas , Bestari Cherobina Bida Ayu , Akbar Muhammad Faqihuddin , Kurniawan Muhammad Rizky , Andikasari Emi , Palupi Bekti
Published: March 2024

Kabupaten Jember termasuk daerah pesisir selatan Pulau Jawa yang memiliki potensi hasil laut yang belum dimanfaatkan secara optimal seperti hutan mangrove. Daerah di Jember yang membudidayakan hutan mangrove salah satunya Pantai Payangan yang terletak di Desa Sumberejo, Kecamatan Ambulu. Jenis mangrove di Pantai Payangan beragam termasuk jenis perepat (Sonneratia alba). Mangrove jenis perepat memiliki banyak manfaat seperti pada buahnya yang sering disebut buah bogem oleh masyarakat sekitar. Permasalahan masyarakat Desa Sumberejo yaitu belum teroptimalkannya pemanfaatan buah perepat dan hanya dibuang karena dinilai tidak layak jual. Dengan melimpahnya jumlah buah bogem di Desa Sumberejo, hal ini dapat berpotensi sebagai sumber ekonomi masyarakat setempat. Hal ini mendasari tim Promahadesa untuk melaksanakan sosialisasi, pelatihan dan pemasaran mengenai pengolahan buah perepat menjadi sirup “Si Bogem” yang kaya vitamin dan antioksidan. Sosialisasi dan pelatihan yang telah dilakukan menunjukkan bahwa masyarakat Desa Sumberejo mampu mengolah buah perepat menjadi sirup. Sirup “Si Bogem” diharapkan dapat meningkatkan ekonomi masyarakat sekitar.
Pelatihan Basic Life Support (BLS) pada Siswa SMA Negeri 1 Probolinggo
Authors: Alief Siswanto Putri , Indriani Ratri Dwi , Syulthoni Zain Budi , Indriastuti Endah
Published: March 2024

Kejadian Henti Jantung Mendadak (HJM) semakin sering terjadi seiring dengan peningkatan prevalensi Penyakit Jantung Koroner (PJK) di Indonesia. Tersedianya penolong (bystander) dapat menaikkan angka keselamatan korban terutama pada kasus yang terjadi di luar rumah sakit. Terbatasnya sumber daya dalam memberikan pelatihan mengakibatkan masih sedikitnya jumlah penolong terlatih di masyarakat. Strategi yang dapat dilakukan yaitu dengan melibatkan siswa sekolah sehingga diharapkan mereka dapat melatih orang tua atau saudara di rumah serta teman sebaya sehingga di waktu yang bersamaan semakin banyak orang teredukasi. Tim Teknologi Kedokteran berkolaborasi dengan Tim Kedokteran ITS menyelenggarakan kegiatan PkM berupa Pelatihan Basic Life Support (BLS) yang diikuti oleh 30 siswa dan guru SMA Negeri 1 Probolinggo pada 6 Oktober 2023. Kegiatan diawali dengan pemberian materi lalu dilanjutkan dengan praktik BLS pada manekin. Peningkatan pengetahuan dan keterampilan secara signifikan didapatkan setelah pelatihan BLS. Semakin banyaknya jumlah penolong terlatih diharapkan dapat meningkatkan keluaran HJM.
Nutrition essential for wound healing
Authors: Palmer Sarah Jane
Published: March 2024

Sarah Jane Palmer describes the powerful impact diet can have on the capability of a wound to heal itself. A wide range of nutrients can improve healing, yet malnutrition in everyday diet, regardless of a person's weight, can significantly delay or prevent healing. This article explores wound types, such as chronic wounds and burns, and discusses immunonutrition.
II. DÜNYA SAVAŞI DÖNEMİ JACQMAR PROPAGANDA DESENLERİNİN GÜNÜMÜZ MODASINA UYARLANMASI
Authors: GEYİK DEĞERLİ Nursen
Published: March 2024

ÖZ: İkinci Dünya Savaşı'nın etkisiyle, sınırlı hale gelen malzemeler ve kaynaklar, modanın dönüşümüne yol açmıştır. Sınırlı renk seçenekleri olan daha pratik ve fonksiyonel giysiler üretilmiştir. İngiliz moda firması Jacqmar’ın tasarımları, savaş şartlarındaki kısıtlamalarla moda trendlerinin ve giyimin nasıl değiştiğini gösteren dikkat çekici örneklerdendir.

Araştırma, II. Dünya Savaşı döneminde Britanya’da özellikle “Sivil Giyim” ve savaş kısıtlamaları ile kadın modasındaki değişimlerden etkilenen moda markalarından biri olan Jacqmar ve dönemi yansıtan tasarımlarına ait bilgilerle sınırlandırılmıştır. Geniş literatür taraması ile, Jacqmar markasının döneme ait propaganda kadın eşarp tasarımları araştırılmıştır. Sosyoekonomik sıkıntıların olduğu savaş dönemindeki propaganda giysilerinin ve aksesuarlarının, halk arasında vatanseverlik duygusunu desteklemeyi amaçlayarak, savaşın kazanılacağına olan inancı güçlendirmek için tercih edildiği görülmüştür. Jacqmar'ın ürettiği kaliteli ve markalı tekstil ürünlerinin varlığı, savaş döneminde modanın da dahil olduğu, Londra'da yaşanan toplumsal dönüşümün ispatı olması açısından önemlidir. Bu nedenle, estetik ve tasarım odaklı düşünme ürünü olan tematik Jacqmar eşarplarından, giysiler üzerinde günümüze uygun tasarım örneklendirmeleri yapılarak sunulmuştur.

II. Dünya Savaşı dönemi propaganda tekstillerinin, savaş karşıtı veya vatansever mesajlar taşıyan ilginç desenler ve baskılarla süslendiği gözlemlenmiştir. Çalışmada, moda endüstrisinin zorlu koşullara nasıl uyum sağlayabildiği ve sivil halkın hem fiziksel hem psikolojik ihtiyaçlarını karşılamak için nasıl çözümler ürettiği bulgularına ulaşılmıştır.

Olağanüstü koşulların yaşandığı dönemlerde, elde var olan kısıtlı malzemelerle oluşturulan sembolik ve dikkat çekici kıyafetler ve aksesuarların, aynı zamanda toplumsal dönüşümün kanıtı olarak, kişilerin kendi stillerini yaratmaları ve düşüncelerini özgürce ifade etmeleri için araç olarak kullanıldığı sonucuna varılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler: II. Dünya Savaşı, giysi, tasarım, desen, Jacqmar.
Prognostic factors for overall survival of conventional osteosarcoma of the appendicular skeleton
Authors: Mthethwa Phakamani G. , Marais Leonard C. , Aldous Collen M.
Published: March 2024

Aims

The aim of this study is to determine the predictors of overall survival (OS) and predictive factors of poor prognosis of conventional high-grade osteosarcoma of the limbs in a single-centre in South Africa.

Methods

We performed a retrospective cross-sectional analysis to identify the prognostic factors that predict the OS of patients with histologically confirmed high-grade conventional osteosarcoma of the limbs over ten years. We employed the Cox proportional regression model and the Kaplan-Meier method for statistical analysis.

Results

This study comprised 77 patients at a three-year minimum follow-up. The predictors of poor OS were: the median age of ≤ 19 years (hazard ratio (HR) 0.96; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.92 to 0.99; p = 0.021); median duration of symptoms ≥ five months (HR 0.91; 95% CI 0.83 to 0.99; p < 0.037); metastasis at diagnosis (i.e. Enneking stage III) (HR 3.33; 95% CI 1.81 to 6.00; p < 0.001); increased alkaline phosphatase (HR 3.28; 95% CI 1.33 to 8.11; p < 0.010); palliative treatment (HR 7.27; 95% CI 2.69 to 19.70); p < 0.001); and amputation (HR 3.71; 95% CI 1.12 to 12.25; p < 0.032). In contrast, definitive surgery (HR 0.11; 95% CI 0.03 to 0.38; p < 0.001) and curative treatment (HR 0.18; 95% CI 0.10 to 0.33; p < 0.001) were a protective factor. The Kaplan-Meier median survival time was 24 months, with OS of 57.1% at the three years. The projected five-year event-free survival was 10.3% and OS of 29.8% (HR 0.76; 95% CI 0.52 to 1.12; p = 0.128).

Conclusion

In this series of high-grade conventional osteosarcoma of the appendicular skeleton from South Africa, 58.4% (n = 45) had detectable metastases at presentation; hence, an impoverished OS of five years was 29.8%. Large-scale future research is needed to validate our results.

Cite this article: Bone Jt Open 2024;5(3):210–217.
The Increase of HDL-C Levels using Ethanol Extract of Vernonia amygdalina Leaves in Wistar Rats Models of Metabolic Syndrome
Authors: Pakha Dyonisa Nasirochmi , Nurwati Ida , Sunggoro Agus Jati , Muthmainah Muthmainah , Handayani Selfi
Published: March 2024

Introduction: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a cluster of metabolic factors, including low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels. Vernonia amygdalina (VA) leaves have been documented for their anti-cholesterol properties. The purpose of this study to evaluate ethanol extract of VA leaves in rising HDL-C levels in the MetS model.

Methods: An experimental study using pre-and post-test design was conducted using 30 male Wistar rats divided into five groups randomly. KN group served as the control group. KP group was the MetS model without ethanol extract administration. Meanwhile, P1, P2, and P3 were MetS models and were administered ethanol extract of VA leaves administration (50mg/kg, 100mg/kg, and 150 mg/kg) for 28 days. The data were analysed using paired t-test and one-way ANOVA (α=0,05).

Results: This study discovered that administering the extract in P1, P2, and P3 significantly improved HDL levels. Furthermore, increasing the dose resulted in significantly greater HDL levels. VA leaves contain phytochemicals that have impacts on cholesterol levels in the blood. Flavonoids and tannin inhibit ester cholesterol formation. Terpenoid and flavonoid hinder HMG-CoA. Saponin contributes to free cholesterol transporter, reducing oxidative stress and increasing LDL receptors. Lastly, vitamin C raises catabolism levels and clearance LDL.

Conclusion: There are increases in HDL levels in the MetS model group receiving ethanol extract VA leaves. 
Validation of the emergency surgery score (ESS) in a UK patient population and comparison with NELA scoring: a retrospective multicentre cohort study
Authors: Clinch D , Dorken-Gallastegi A , Argandykov D , Gebran A , Proano Zamudio JA , Wong CS , Clinch N , Haddow L , Simpson K , Imbert E , Skipworth RJE , Moug SJ , Kaafarani HMA , Damaskos D
Published: March 2024

Introduction

Accurate risk scoring in emergency general surgery (EGS) is vital for consent and resource allocation. The emergency surgery score (ESS) has been validated as a reliable preoperative predictor of postoperative outcomes in EGS but has been studied only in the US population. Our primary aim was to perform an external validation study of the ESS in a UK population. Our secondary aim was to compare the accuracy of ESS and National Emergency Laparotomy Audit (NELA) scores.

Methods

We conducted an observational cohort study of adult patients undergoing emergency laparotomy over three years in two UK centres. ESS was calculated retrospectively. NELA scores and all other variables were obtained from the prospectively collected Emergency Laparotomy and Laparoscopic Scottish Audit (ELLSA) database. The primary and secondary outcomes were 30-day mortality and postoperative intensive care unit (ICU) admission, respectively.

Results

A total of 609 patients were included. Median age was 65 years, 52.7% were female, the overall mortality was 9.9% and 23.8% were admitted to ICU. Both ESS and NELA were equally accurate in predicting 30-day mortality (c-statistic=0.78 (95% confidence interval (CI), 0.71–0.85) for ESS and c-statistic=0.83 (95% CI, 0.77–0.88) for NELA, p=0.196) and predicting postoperative ICU admission (c-statistic=0.76 (95% CI, 0.71–0.81) for ESS and 0.80 (95% CI, 0.76–0.85) for NELA, p=0.092).

Conclusions

In the UK population, ESS and NELA both predict 30-day mortality and ICU admission with no statistically significant difference but with higher c-statistics for NELA score. Both scores have certain advantages, with ESS being validated for a wider range of outcomes.
Corona de Aragón como escenario y fuente de disposición de monarquías compuestas
Authors: Arrieta Alberdi Jon
Published: March 2024

La composición plural y coordinada de la Corona de Aragón se explica por su trayectoria histórica. Se inició en la península ibérica por medio de una uniónmatrimonial (1150) y se amplió por tierras conquistadas a los musulmanes que pasaron a formar reinos nuevos, no subordinados a los fundacionales. Al nopoder incrementar sus dominios en la península, se tuvo que expandir por el Mediterráneo, pero añadiendo tres reinos (Sicilia, Cerdeña y Nápoles, entre1283 y 1442) dotados de sus normas, instituciones, lenguas y culturas. Ello contribuyó a perfeccionar su estructuración en términos de igualdad principalentre sus miembros, ordenada por un Consejo Supremo bien organizado que consiguió mantener esa disposición desde 1494 hasta 1707. La Guerra deSucesión Española afectó plenamente a la ubicación de los reinos de la Corona de Aragón, que pasaron a integrarse en la de Castilla. Se describe esa transición de monarquía compuesta basada en la igualdad principal a aquella en la que prima la subordinación accesoria, dominante en Castilla. Se detalla el papel de diversos protagonistas en esa transición, especialmente el del propio Consejo de Aragón.
Seeing Race in Post-Racial America: Spectatorship and Visibility of the Racial Experience in Branden Jacobs-Jenkins’ An Octoroon (2014)
Authors: Jeon Bomi
Published: March 2024

Abstract: This article examines the theatrical representation of race and its political implications in Branden Jacobs-Jenkins’ An Octoroon (2014), a modern reworking of Dion Boucicault’s play The Octoroon (1859). It offers a critical analysis of An Octoroon that compels readers to recognize that race, although a product of historical construction, holds significant real-world implications. The discussion of the play begins with its prologue, the importance of which has not been addressed sufficiently by critics. After delving into Jacobs-Jenkins’ diagnosis of colorblind American society through his alter-ego character, BJJ, the essay examines how Boucicault’s original play presents an ambiguous gaze that creates a masking practice often overlapping with colorblind subjects who refuse to address the existing racial inequality and prejudice that Jacobs-Jenkins critiques. Despite The Octoroon ’s sympathetic treatment of the mixed-race heroine’s suffering body, Boucicault’s stage version gradually endorses a white hegemony that defines race as an invisible essence while separating the white audience from the racialized spectacle. The final section revisits An Octoroon and argues that the adaptation’s use of the oppositional gaze and the materiality of a photograph as a reflective visual medium challenges the easy separation between the spectacle of race and the perspectives of white viewers.
Written in Haste: Practical Letters and Everyday Criticism in the Fifteenth Century
Authors: Wakelin Daniel
Published: March 2024

Abstract: The phrase written in haste is a conventional ending of English letters in the fifteenth century. The formula does reflect the speed of practical uses of literacy. It also, however, is a critical term by which people evaluate their letters against aspirations to write better. The aspiration might concern style, but in haste and the related closing phrase no more also concern the content, extent and frequency of letters. Such phrases engage in a process of criticism which both invites literary critics now to read practical texts slowly and expands the criteria that such criticism might use.
Precisely Knowing Not: Emily Dickinson and Generative Negation
Authors: Ring Camila
Published: March 2024

Abstract: Even recent Emily Dickinson scholarship has tended to receive Dickinson's poems according to a mid-twentieth-century intellectual milieu, whereby affirmations of absurdity and meaninglessness are judged to be the most authentic posture. This essay argues that such readings present an anachronistic projection onto Dickinson's work. Aided by an alternative philosophical and theological archive grounded in her time, we should read the poetic features of Dickinsonian unknowing—distance, darkness, and inscrutability—not in terms of divine absence but as counterintuitive modes of divine presencing.
Vernon Lee: Art Lover
Authors: Greeniaus Elizabeth
Published: March 2024

Abstract: Victorian art critic and historian Vernon Lee is best known for her theory of empathy, which attributes art viewers' consciously held aesthetic preferences to unconsciously felt physiological responses to visual stimuli. Scholars have been especially interested in the ways empathy anticipates modernist and New Critical emphases on objectivity and empiricism, often treating empathy as the culmination of Lee's career. This article turns to lesser-known texts by Lee to show that she went on to have serious misgivings not only about her own physiological theory of aesthetics but about other critics' pursuits of objectivity and empiricism as well.
Wordsworth, Shelley, and Hardy: The Inheritance of Loss
Authors: Callaghan Madeleine
Published: March 2024

Abstract: This article calls for a revaluation of Thomas Hardy's Poems of 1912–13 , viewing them as in dialogue with William Wordsworth's Lucy poems and Percy Bysshe Shelley's Jane poems. Though Poems of 1912–13 has been favored with a great deal of criticism that aims to come to terms with its manifold influences, the Romantic influence upon Hardy's collection has been overlooked. This article considers how Hardy brings Wordsworth and Shelley's sequences into conversation with his elegies to argue that Hardy reimagines both poets' sequences to create his poetry of mourning.
The Path Taken and the Promising Road: Libraries in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA)
Authors: Mostafa Amal Wagih H. , Metwally Abdallah H.
Published: March 2024

Abstract: This paper discusses current directions, challenges, and future insights in libraries and librarianship in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region based on the authors’ research, knowledge, and experience. The authors gathered information from printed and electronic materials indexed in Arabic databases, talks and workshops at Arabic regional conferences, and expert comments. The collected data were analyzed using the content analysis method. They were categorized using an adaptation of the classification employed by the American Library Association’s Center for the Future of Libraries to make them easier to comprehend and examine library trends in depth. ALA’s acronym for its classification is STEEPED, which stands for Society, Technology, Education, Environment, Politics, Economics, Demographics, which due to the nature of the data collected was changed to STEEC (Society, Technology, Education, Economics, and Cultural Heritage). The findings enable librarians all over the world to gain more knowledge of the libraries in this region, especially given the paucity of research published in English.
Public Libraries: Current and Future Trends with Reflections over Seventy Years
Authors: Roy Loriene , Simons Rea N
Published: March 2024

Abstract: Over the past seventy years, public libraries have adapted in several ways to reflect the challenges and opportunities presented to this diverse group of information organizations. This article examines key trends throughout this ongoing development of public libraries in North America, including the diversity of types of public libraries, the conceptualization and differentiation of patron groups, the evolving focus of public library services, the significance of architectural design, the impact of national assistance through standards and federal agency support, and an increasing focus on education and continuing education through connecting with professional organizations and nurturing social connections. Our review of each trend allows us to make some recommendations on how these topics may be addressed as the field currently faces a critical moment of change—both with the recent COVID-19 pandemic and with the many important conversations happening about the role and impact of public libraries in the middle part of the twenty-first century. The article concludes with four example scenarios of how public libraries might develop in the near future, which we encourage librarians to use as tools for reflection within their own organizations and for developing conversations across the field.
A Statistical Essay on Diversity in the Library Professions Compared to Other Occupations in the United States
Authors: Buchel Olha , Coleman Anita S.
Published: March 2024

Abstract: Exploratory analysis is a major benefit of data science and a promising way to investigate diversity. Using data from the U.S. Census Bureau and the Bureau of Labor Statistics, occupational segmentation by racial groups was examined in order to discover the full story behind the lack of diversity often reported in library occupations. The story of diversity is more complex than simple racial ratios for library occupations alone can reveal. This paper combines aspects of data analytics with complexity science to understand the library professions in the context of other occupations in the United States, specifically where they stand in terms of racial and ethnic diversity and statistical variances. Complexity profiles uncover diversity relationships and associations among the occupations. The findings show that librarians and library assistants belong to large groups of other occupations that have similar racial ratios; they do not stand out as outliers in terms of their ratios of races. Data used and additional interactive information visualizations are available on GitHub.
Les Enjeux de la chair corallienne chez Khal Torabully
Authors: Obeegadoo Nikhita
Published: March 2024

Abstract: Cet article explore la problématique de la fusion entre corail et chair chez le poète mauricien Khal Torabully. Torabully développe l'imaginaire de la chair corallienne dans le contexte de sa conceptualisation de la coolitude, notion qui s'abreuve des expériences douloureuses de l'engagisme pour nourrir la renaissance de l'homme métis des îles. Alors que plusieurs chercheurs se penchent sur le choix de l'élément corallien chez Torabully, mon étude se concentre sur l'interrogation suivante: si le corail est en lui-même un symbole puissant, quel est l'effet de la fusion entre chair humaine et espèce corallienne? Mon essai avance que la "chair corail" (re)conceptualise un traumatisme qui est collectif et inter-espèce plutôt qu'individuel et anthropocentrique. Il soutient aussi que cet imaginaire, qui insiste sur le fait que nos mortalités et nos vulnérabilités sont indissociables les unes des autres, nous amène à reformuler nos relations avec les animaux et l'écosystème.
Brassages linguistiques et représentations post-migratoires en espace urbain: Les Romans (autobio)graphiques de Kei Lam
Authors: Vitali Ilaria
Published: March 2024

Abstract: Cet article étudie l'œuvre de la bédéiste d'origine chinoise Kei Lam. Née à Hong Kong en 1985 et arrivée en France à l'âge de six ans, l'artiste a grandi à Bagnolet, dans la cité de La Noue. Sa première bande dessinée, Banana Girl (2017), raconte le parcours d'intégration d'une enfant d'immigrés chinois. Dans son deuxième opus, Les Saveurs du béton (2021), la bédéiste pour-suit son récit, mettant en lumière la question sociale de la banlieue parisienne. Bien qu'il soit possible de lire les deux ouvrages séparément, ils sont étroitement liés, et l'œuvre de Lam gagne en profondeur lorsqu'elle est lue dans son ensemble. Après une réflexion sur les modalités de la narration autobiographique, l'article se focalise sur les représentations des enjeux de la post-migration, analysées à l'aide d'outils critiques sémiotiques, sociologiques et sociolinguistiques.
Causal Power and Perfection: Descartes's Second a Posteriori Argument for the Existence of God
Authors: Murray Samuel
Published: March 2024

Abstract: The third Meditation is typically understood to contain two a posteriori arguments for the existence of God. The author focuses on the second argument, where Descartes proves the existence of God partly in virtue of proving that Descartes cannot be the cause of himself. To establish this, Descartes argues that if he were the cause of himself, then he would endow himself with any conceivable perfection. The justification for this claim is that bringing about a substance is more difficult than creating an attribute, so anything that can do the former can do the latter. While current explanations of this justification are either implausible or inadequate, the author argues that this principle derives support from a scholastic distinction between being-as-such and determinate being. With this distinction in view, we can make sense of Descartes's argument without appealing to ambiguous or inadequate notions.
“Moving Through and Beyond ”: Asian American Theatre and Performance Studies
Authors: Lee Josephine
Published: March 2024

Abstract: For decades, Theatre Journal has deeply engaged with different aspects of Asian American theatre and performance. This essay surveys a range of Theatre Journal articles published from the 1990s in order to map out this distinctive area of theatre and performance studies. Key articles by James Moy, Karen Shimakawa, and Daphne Lei grapple with the legacy of racial stereotypes and the aesthetics and reception of contemporary Asian American performance. Essays by Angela Pao, Celine Parreñas Shimizu, Sean Metzger, and Ju Yon Kim emphasize the racialized bodies of actors and the history of yellowface and brownface acting, while Christopher Eng, Christine Mok, Megan Shea, and Dan Bacalzo emphasize the intersectional and transnational dimensions of Asian American expression. These and other scholars of Asian American theatre and performance continue to engage with new aspects of immigrant and refugee performance as well as gender and sexuality in Asian American theatre. At a time of changing demographics and cultural visibility, this essay helps us see how scholars have addressed the enormous diversity of Asian American experiences and perspectives as well as common preoccupations about visibility and representation, the persistence of orientalist typecasting, and the dynamic and complicated nature of Asian American identity.
A Set of Questions for a Field in Motion: Susan Leigh Foster’s “Choreographies of Protest” and Dance Studies in Theatre Journal
Authors: Bory Alison , Nereson Ariel
Published: March 2024

Abstract: In her landmark essay “Choreographies of Protest,” Susan Leigh Foster articulated the central concerns of the (at the time) developing field of dance studies. Foster’s following analysis, embedded in her argument about the compositional elements of social action, advanced core dance studies methodologies. On the occasion of the 75th anniversary of Theatre Journal , this essay revisits “Choreographies of Protest,” published in the October 2003 issue, and considers its significance to the fields of theatre, performance, and dance studies. Foster’s famous guiding questions that appeared in this essay, and which foregrounded real-world actions of the body, served to define the methodological approach and possibility of dance studies as a field, both concretizing the queries that previous scholarship had addressed and proposing what might be examined in years to come. In so doing, these seemingly straightforward queries, and the answers they elicit, begin to argue for dance studies as an essential discipline to the humanities, a way of understanding both human experience and human relations.
Passing Theatre
Authors: Worthen W. B.
Published: March 2024

Abstract: As a technology, theatre both absorbs and represents the technologies it deploys, and so is defined by the multiple temporalities of its instruments. The signifying embodiments, signifying materialities, and signifying narratives constitutive of theatre as rhetoric and practice articulate, depend on, and are altered by the changing emergence of a conceptual “human” (or the dispersion of a conceptual “posthuman”) inseparable from the technological inscription of its definition and representation. So, too, consensually licensing terms like “the discipline” and “the field” share with their object—particularly with that slippery congeries, the formal study of drama, theatre, and performance—a vivifying multiplicity and mobility, as well as a notable temporal instability. Like theatre, like any technology, the condition of theory, of critique, and of scholarship is a consistent struggle with passing into pastness as the inseparable trailing edge of innovation. On the occasion of the 75th volume of Theatre Journal, this brief essay reflects on the intertwined fortunes of theatre and the fashioning of the “disciplines” of its formal study, their passing implication in mutually-sustaining technologies of cultural representation.
Seeking Critical Frameworks for Global Majority Theatre
Authors: Gonzalez Anita
Published: March 2024

Abstract: The essay advocates for expanding theater studies publications to more effectively engage with global majority epistemologies as core methodologies for analyzing theatrical phenomena. Academic theatre classes often incorporate performance studies paradigms, but most theater programs remain centered around practice-based exercises for acting, directing, designing, and producing Eurocentric theater. Global majority ways of telling stories are either not taught to students or are integrated into curricula in carefully measured doses as alternative approaches to art-making. This essay encourages twenty-first century scholars to more astutely respond to cultural productions based upon vernacular and indigenous ways of theatrical storytelling, arguing that a significant step would be to incorporate more indigenous languages, and perhaps have the journal publish in multiple languages (with translation) to expand the readership. However, even foregrounding text-based performance may be limiting. Many of the aesthetics that underly arts production in global majority cultures are constituted outside of text-based paradigms; they use symbol, myth, sound, gesture, dance language, and music as poetic containers for delivering their messages. They also build from local epistemologies connected to spirituality, religion, or alternative beliefs about the rationale and intention of performance. This essay calls for more time and space devoted to critical analysis of theatre created and performed outside of standard theatre venues, as well as a more nuanced discussion of complex ecosystems that support artistic innovation.