bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effects of Preharvest Gibberellic Acid Applications on Fruit Quality of ‘0900 Ziraat’ Sweet Cherry
Authors: Canli Fatih A. , Orhan Hikmet
Published: August 2023

The objective of this study was to determine the effects of gibberellic acid (GA3) applications on fruit quality of ‘0900 Ziraat’ sweet cherry (Prunus avium), a low cropping and a large-fruited variety. ‘0900 Ziraat’ trees were sprayed with 0, 15, 20, and 25 ppm GA3, when the fruit were at their straw-yellow color stage. Fruit quality was evaluated at harvest in terms of size, firmness, pedicel length, and soluble solids content (SSC) to determine the optimum application. Fruit treated with GA3 were significantly larger and firmer than the controls. There were no differences in fruit firmness within the different levels of GA3 treatment; however, fruit treated with 20 and 25 ppm GA3 were significantly larger than the fruit treated with 15 ppm GA3. Trees treated with the optimum concentration of GA3 (25 ppm) in two different locations yielded fruit with 13.4% and 14.1% greater weight and 38% and 25% higher firmness. GA3 treatments did not affect pedicel length. The effect of GA3 application on SSC was complex; there was a significant interaction between GA3 and location. Being firmer than the controls, the GA3-treated fruit could be harvested at a later date than the controls.
Estimation of Release Properties of Slow-release Fertilizer Materials
Authors: Medina L. Carolina , Sartain Jerry B. , Obreza Thomas A.
Published: August 2023

Slow-release fertilizers marketed to the public usually include a claim that nutrient release will last for a specific time period (e.g., 6, 9, or 12 months). However, no official laboratory method exists that can verify these claims. A long-term (180 days) incubation method has been developed that produces constants for an exponential model that characterizes nutrient release as a function of time. In addition, a relatively short-term (74 h) extraction method has been developed to assess nutrient release under accelerated laboratory conditions. Through regression techniques, release constants established for individual slow-release nutrient sources by the incubation method are used in conjunction with the laboratory extraction data to verify the release claims of slow-release fertilizers. Nutrient release for selected single materials has been predicted with greater than 90% accuracy in previous studies. Nutrient release from mixtures of slow-release products has been more variable. It is typical for water-soluble and slow-release fertilizers to be mixed in commercial products. Ultimately, it is intended that these methodologies will be accepted as an official method to verify nutrient release claims placed on slow-release fertilizers.
Plant Population, Transplant Size, and Variety Effect on Transplanted Short-day Onion Production
Authors: Boyhan George E. , Torrance Reid L. , Cook Jeff , Riner Cliff , Hill C. Randell
Published: August 2023

Onions (Allium cepa) produced in southeastern Georgia's Vidalia-growing region are primarily grown from on-farm–produced bareroot transplants, which are usually sown the end of September. These transplants are pulled midwinter (November–January) and are reset to their final spacing. This study was to evaluate transplant size and spacing effects on yield and quality of onions. Large transplants (260–280 g per 20 plants) generally produced the highest yield. Medium transplant size in the range of 130 to 150 g per 20 plants produced satisfactory yield while maintaining low numbers of seedstems (flowering) and doubled bulbs, which are undesirable characteristics. Smaller transplant size (40–60 g per 20 plants) have reduced yields and lower numbers of seedstems and double bulbs. Increasing plant population from 31,680 to 110,880 plants/acre can increase yield. In addition, plant populations of 110,880 plants/acre can increase yields compared with 63,360 plants/acre (industry standard), but only when environmental conditions favor low seedstem numbers. Seedstems can be high because of specific varieties, high plant population, or more importantly, in years with environmental conditions that are conducive to their formation. ‘Sweet Vidalia’ was the only variety that had consistently reduced quality and high numbers of seedstems. ‘Sweet Vidalia’ has a propensity for high seedstem numbers, which may have influenced results with this variety. A complete fertilization program that included 133 or 183 lb/acre nitrogen did not affect onion yield, regardless of variety or population density.
Reduced End-of-production Fertilization Rate Increased Postproduction Shelf Life of Containerized Vegetative Annuals
Authors: Beach Shannon E. , Starman Terri W. , Eixmann Kristen L. , Pemberton H. Brent , Heinz Kevin M.
Published: August 2023

Twenty-one cultivars of vegetative annuals were treated with 0%, 50%, or 100% of the production fertilization rate of 300 mg·L−1 N starting 2 weeks before and continuing until harvest. At harvest, plant width, flower number, and quality rating were measured. The plants were then placed in a simulated interior environment where flower number was counted and quality rating was assigned to each plant weekly for 3 weeks. Overall, 14% of the cultivars maintained a marketable quality (i.e., quality rating of ≥3.0 of 5) for 3 weeks, 43% for 2 weeks, 38% for 1 week, and one cultivar did not maintain quality during the postharvest evaluation. Reduced end-of-production fertilization rate (EPFR) resulted in higher quality ratings for at least one additional week of simulated shelf life for three cultivars, including ‘Dreamtime Copper’ bracteantha (Bracteantha bracteata), ‘Vanilla Sachet’ nemesia (Nemesia ×hybrida), and ‘Bridal Showers’ sutera (Sutera hybrida). ‘Comet White’ and ‘Sunlight’ argyranthemum (Argyranthemum frutescens) retained flowers an additional 2 weeks and ‘Caritas Lavender’ angelonia (Angelonia angustifolia), ‘Dreamtime Copper’ bracteantha, ‘Liricashowers Deep Blue Imp.’ and ‘Starlette Trailing Purple’ calibrachoa (Calibrachoa hybrid), ‘Vanilla Sachet’ nemesia, ‘Cascadias Pink’ petunia (Petunia ×hybrida), and ‘Bridal Showers’ sutera retained flowers an additional 1 week when treated with 0% compared with 50% or 100% EPFR. Four cultivars had decreased plant width at harvest with 0% EPFR. These results indicate that reducing fertilization 2 weeks before harvest can prolong shelf life of some vegetative annuals. Differences in the length of shelf life and responses to reduced EPFR occurred among cultivars of all the affected species. Reduced EPFR did not increase the shelf life of two species, including diascia (Diascia ×hybrida) and lantana (Lantana camara).
Predicting Risk of European Corn Borer Infestation in Sweet Corn Based on Harvest Date
Authors: Spangler Steve M. , Calvin Dennis D. , Russo Joe , Schlegel Jay
Published: August 2023

Infestation of sweet corn (Zea mays) at harvest by european corn borer (Ostrinia nubilalis) was examined in 16 hybrid/harvest date combinations from 1994 through 1996 in central Pennsylvania. Two general periods of sweet corn ear infestation levels were observed. Infestations, expressed as proportion of ears infested, were 0.11 (11%) or lower in 10 of 11 plots harvested from 21 July to 23 Aug., whereas they were noticeably higher (30%–88%) in September and early October. Infestations expressed as larvae per ear showed the same temporal pattern. A nonlinear (sigmoidal) relationship was found between degree-days from 1 Jan. and proportion of ears infested. The higher infestations were caused by the second-generation larvae of the bivoltine ecotype. Based on these relationships, a risk-prediction system is proposed that anticipates, at planting, harvest infestation by using predicted harvest dates of sweet corn, european corn borer life stages, and infestation levels. Examples are presented for multiple plantings and hybrids for a specific site and a landscape (Pennsylvania). The risk prediction system we propose will allow growers to anticipate the risk of ear infestations at planting time, thus providing predictions that would help with management decisions.
Weed Control in Christmas Trees with Flumioxazin and Other Residual Herbicides Applied Alone or in Tank Mixtures
Authors: Richardson Robert J. , Zandstra Bernard H.
Published: August 2023

Four studies were conducted from 2001 to 2004 in Michigan to determine Christmas tree tolerance and weed control with flumioxazin and other herbicide treatments. In Study 1, fraser fir (Abies fraseri) leader length was greater with fall-applied flumioxazin (0.38 lb/acre) than with halosulfuron (0.21 lb/acre), isoxaben (1 lb/acre), oxyfluorfen (1 lb/acre), simazine (2 lb/acre), or sulfentrazone (0.5 lb/acre). Flumioxazin applied in the fall provided preemergent control of common ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia), field violet (Viola arvensis), and hoary alyssum (Berteroa incana) 79% to 98% the following summer. Preemergence weed control with the other herbicides was more variable. In Study 2, fraser fir treated in the spring with oxyfluorfen had the shortest leader length (terminal stem growth of the current growing season) at 4.3 inches. Trees treated in the spring with flumioxazin, isoxaben, simazine, and sulfentrazone had leader lengths of 6.7 to 8.7 inches. Flumioxazin applied preemergence in the spring controlled common ragweed 80%, but controlled field violet, hoary alyssum, and white campion (Silene alba) only 43% to 64%. In Study 3, fall-applied flumioxazin alone did not injure colorado blue spruce (Picea pungens). However, mixtures of flumioxazin plus pendimethalin (3 lb/acre) caused 5% and 6% tree injury at 6 months after treatment (MAT) and sulfentrazone plus pendimethalin caused 9% and 23% injury at 6 MAT in 2003 and 2004, and 52% injury at 9 MAT in 2004. There was no significant injury to the trees treated with isoxaben plus pendimethalin, oxyfluorfen plus pendimethalin, or simazine plus pendimethalin in 2003 and 2004. Leader length was reduced by sulfentrazone plus pendimethalin compared with flumioxazin plus pendimethalin and oxyfluorfen plus pendimethalin. Flumioxazin plus pendimethalin provided 84% to 88% preemergence control of annual grasses, common catsear (Hypochoeris radicata), horseweed (Conyza canadensis), and virginia pepperweed (Lepidium virginicum). In Study 4, spring-applied mixtures of flumioxazin plus pendimethalin resulted in minor (2%–10%) visual injury to colorado blue spruce, although leader length at the end of the season did not differ significantly from the control. In summary, flumioxazin controlled several weed species with acceptable selectivity in colorado blue spruce and fraser fir Christmas trees.
Production Costs of Organic Vegetable Farms: Two Case Studies from Pennsylvania
Authors: Conner David , Rangarajan Anusuya
Published: August 2023

The market premiums that currently exist for many organic crops are an attractive incentive for conventional growers considering the transition to organic practices. Before making this decision, there is a need to better understand the production costs of these systems. While many factors, such as crop rotation, soil type, and marketing, influence cropping decisions, production costs are vital information for production and pricing decisions. This research evaluated crop budgets from two Pennsylvania organic farms as case studies. A critical component of these budgets was the calculation of costs related to cover cropping, rotations, and compost production or use. These farms were very different in their scale, management, and marketing strategies. The crops selected for study on each farm were also different, based upon economic value to the farm. Beech Grove Farm used horse traction and hired no production labor on about 4 acres of production; budgets for carrot (Daucus carota), onion (Allium cepa), and garlic (Allium sativum) are presented. The other, Spiral Path Farm, used machinery and a hired labor crew extensively on about 60 acres; their production costs for tomato (Solanum lycopersicum), lettuce (Lactuca sativa), and winter squash (Cucurbita moschata) are presented. While costs could not be compared between the farms, costs per acre varied widely among crops on a farm, but less so across years. Neither farm spent a great deal on pest control inputs, relying on soil fertility and other management practices to minimize infestations and grow healthy plants. While these single-crop budgets provided some realistic measures of costs of organic vegetable production, longer-term budgets measuring multiyear rotations would better capture the tradeoffs made by diversified organic farmers.
Controlled-release Fertilizer for Vegetable Production: The California Experience
Authors: Hartz T.K. , Smith R.F.
Published: August 2023

Research on controlled-release fertilizers (CRF) in vegetable production has been conducted in California for several decades, and commercial CRF products have been marketed throughout most of that time. CRF remain niche products used on only a small percentage of vegetable fields. The potential advantage of CRF is maximized in production systems in which in-season nitrogen (N) leaching is significant but beyond the control of the grower, and where there are cultural constraints on in-season fertilizer application. Neither of those conditions is typical of the California industry. Annual rainfall in the major vegetable-producing regions averages less than 400 mm, with the majority of that received during winter months when vegetable production is limited; in-season leaching occurs almost exclusively from irrigation. The alluvial soils favored for vegetable production tend to be relatively fine-textured, with high water holding capacity that reduces N leaching potential. The widespread adoption of drip irrigation allows for efficient irrigation and for multiple applications of less expensive N fertilizers in synchrony with crop demand. Under representative California field conditions it has been difficult to show a horticultural benefit from the use of CRF, and the higher cost of these products has therefore limited their use. Future government regulation for water quality protection may require more efficient N fertilization practices, but significant expansion of CRF use is unlikely even under that scenario.
Engineering Principles Impacting High-tunnel Environments
Authors: Giacomelli Gene A.
Published: August 2023

High tunnels are a special type of greenhouse with primary operational goals of season extension, crop quality improvement, and new crop production opportunities to reach unique markets. From an engineering viewpoint, high tunnels have many of the same design concerns as larger, more complex greenhouses. They capitalize on the greenhouse effect as do all enclosed plant growth structures. However, less automated environmental control systems are required for the desired crop production. Tunnel designs are less complex and less expensive than large high-technology greenhouse ranges, but they must be designed and constructed with the fundamental assurance of structural stability, safety, efficient layout, appropriate environmental control, and effective crop management in mind.
Management of the Soil Environment in High Tunnels
Authors: Montri Adam , Biernbaum J.A.
Published: August 2023

High-tunnel soil, water, and fertility management can be achieved using a wide range of approaches from polyethylene film-mulched, drip-fertigated beds to certified organic management based on maintaining high soil organic matter (SOM) content. Soil management techniques are discussed in relation to the high tunnel structure used and the length of the growing season, site preparation, soil health, SOM, irrigation water quality, and fertility, with a focus on certified organic management.
The Impact of Community Gardens on Numbers of Property Crimes in Urban Houston
Authors: Gorham M.R. , Waliczek T.M. , Snelgrove A. , Zajicek J.M.
Published: August 2023

Research has suggested that city environments with more green space may have lower crime levels. For this pilot study, 11 established community gardens in Houston, TX, were selected and mapped using ArcGIS 9.1 software. The numbers of property crimes reported in the 2005 crime data from the Houston Police Department surrounding the community garden areas at a distance of 1/8 mile were then tallied and mapped for the areas. The numbers of crimes were evaluated alongside demographic data from the 2000 U.S. Census. Statistical comparisons were made between community garden areas and randomly selected city areas that were within a 1-mile area surrounding each garden. Initial results of paired t tests indicated no statistically significant differences between the mean number of crime occurrences in community garden areas and the mean number of crimes in randomly selected areas. Results from a linear regression analysis also indicated that the presence of a community garden was not a predictor of a lower crime rate for a neighborhood. Adjustments were then made by removing randomly selected areas that were demographically least like their respective community gardens. Results from further analysis indicated that there were no crime number differences between the community garden areas and the randomly selected areas. However, interviews conducted with community garden representatives showed that community gardens appeared to have a positive influence on neighborhoods, with residents reporting neighborhood revitalization, perceived immunity from crime, and neighbors emulating gardening practices they saw at the community gardens.
Cowpeat as a Substitute for Peat in Container Substrates for Foliage Plant Propagation
Authors: Li Qiansheng , Chen Jianjun , Caldwell Russell D. , Deng Min
Published: August 2023

This study evaluated the potential for using cowpeat, a composted dairy manure, as a component of container substrates for foliage plant propagation. Using a commercial formulation (20% perlite and 20% vermiculite with 60% Canadian or Florida peat based on volume) as controls, peat was replaced by cowpeat at 10% increments up to 60%, which resulted in a total of 14 substrates. Physical and chemical properties such as air space, bulk density, container capacity, total porosity, pH, carbon-to-nitrogen ratio, and cation exchange capacity of the cowpeat-substituted substrates were largely similar to those of the respective control. However, the electrical conductivity (EC) increased with the increased volume of cowpeat. The 14 substrates were used for rooting single-node cuttings of golden pothos (Epipremnum aureum) and heartleaf philodendron (Philodendron scandens ssp. oxycardium) and three-node cuttings of ‘Florida Spire’ fig (Ficus benjamina) and germinating seeds of sprenger asparagus (Asparagus densiflorus) in a shaded greenhouse. All cuttings rooted in the 14 substrates, and the resultant shoot and root dry weights of golden pothos and ‘Florida Spire’ fig 2 months after rooting did not significantly vary across seven Canadian peat- or Florida peat-based substrates. Shoot dry weights of heartleaf philodendron were also similar across substrates, but the root dry weight produced in the Canadian peat-based control substrate was much greater than that produced in the substrate containing 60% cowpeat. Root dry weight and root length produced in the Florida peat-based control substrate were also significantly greater than those produced in substrates substituted by 60% cowpeat. These results may indicate that cuttings of golden pothos and ‘Florida Spire’ fig are more tolerant of higher EC than those of heartleaf philodendron, as the substrate with 60% cowpeat had EC ≥ 4.16 dS·m−1. Seed germination rates of sprenger asparagus from cowpeat-substituted Canadian peat-based substrates were greater than or comparable to those of the control substrate. Seed germination rates were similar across the seven Florida peat-based substrates. The root-to-shoot ratios of seedlings germinated from both control substrates were significantly greater than those germinated from substrates substituted by cowpeat. This difference could be partially explained by the higher nutrient content in cowpeat-substituted substrates where shoot growth was favored over root growth. Propagation is a critical stage in commercial production of containerized plants. The success in using up to 60% cowpeat in rooting and seed germination substrates may suggest that cowpeat could be an alternative to peat for foliage plant propagation.
Nutrients and Pesticides in Stormwater Runoff and Soil Water in Production Nurseries and Citrus and Avocado Groves in California
Authors: Mangiafico Salvatore S. , Newman Julie , Merhaut Donald J. , Gan Jay , Faber Ben , Wu Laosheng
Published: August 2023

Potential water quality impacts of agricultural production include runoff and leaching losses of nutrients, pesticides, and sediment. Stormwater runoff and soil water samples were collected from citrus (Citrus spp.), avocado (Persea americana), and ornamental nursery sites in Ventura County, CA, across 19 months. Nitrate–nitrite–nitrogen concentrations in runoff ranged from 0.07 to 31.1 mg·L−1, with medians for groves and nurseries of 4.2 and 5.7 mg·L−1, respectively. Constituents in runoff exceeding benchmarks for surface waters included turbidity, chlorpyrifos, and some organochlorine pesticides. When detected, chlorpyrifos concentration was linearly related to sample turbidity (P = 0.0025, r2 = 0.49). This suggests that the retention of waterborne sediments on-site may be an effective method for mitigating runoff of this pesticide. Bifenthrin, permethrin, and diazinon were also detected in runoff, but concentrations did not exceed water quality benchmarks. Nutrient concentrations in soil water were generally similar to nutrient concentrations in stormwater runoff, suggesting that potential groundwater contamination from leaching at citrus, avocado, and nursery sites may be as much of a concern as stormwater from these operations, particularly on sites with sandy or structured soil texture or flat topography. Nitrate–nitrite–nitrogen and orthophosphate concentrations in soil water were linearly related to nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer application rates across sites, respectively (P < 0.0001, r2 = 0.49 and 0.50, respectively), suggesting that proper nutrient management is important in reducing potential groundwater contamination at these operations.
The Effects of Reflective Film on Fruit Color, Quality, Canopy Light Distribution, and Profitability of ‘Mondial Gala’ Apples
Authors: Iglesias Ignasi , Alegre Simó
Published: August 2023

The effects of covering the orchard floor with Extenday™ or Solarmate™ reflective films on fruit color, fruit quality, canopy light distribution, orchard temperature, and profitability of ‘Mondial Gala’ apples (Malus ×domestica) were evaluated over a 3-year period (2000–02) at Lleida (northeastern Spain). Reflective film was laid down 5 weeks before commercial harvest. Photosynthetically active radiation in the lowest part of the tree (1 m aboveground level) increased by 34% and 56%, for Solarmate™ and Extenday™ films, respectively, compared with the control. Fruit color, measured with a portable tristimulus colorimeter, significantly increased on both sides of the fruit (with lower values of L* and hue) when using the film. A higher proportion of red blush over the fruit surface was observed for the fruit in the film treatments. Based on the fruit size and color required to meet European Union grade standards, the use of Extenday™ or Solarmate™ resulted in an increase of 26% and 17%, respectively, when compared with the control, for the number of fruit picked at first harvest. Season clearly affected fruit color development, whereas harvest date, fruit firmness, fruit size, soluble solid concentration, titratable acidity, and maturity were not consistently affected by the use of reflective film. Despite the advance in fruit color, the starch score did not appear to be affected by the use of film. Based on current fruit prices for the study period, both types of film increased orchard profitability compared with the control, but the long-term benefit of this technique will largely depend on fruit prices.
Skyrmion jellyfish in driven chiral magnets
Authors: del Ser Nina , Lohani Vivek
Published: August 2023

Chiral magnets can host topological particles known as skyrmions which carry an exactly quantised topological charge Q=-1Q=−1. In the presence of an oscillating magnetic field B_1(t)B1(t), a single skyrmion embedded in a ferromagnetic background will start to move with constant velocity v_{trans}vtrans. The mechanism behind this motion is similar to the one used by a jellyfish when it swims through water. We show that the skyrmion’s motion is a universal phenomenon, arising in any magnetic system with translational modes. By projecting the equation of motion onto the skyrmion’s translational modes and going to quadratic order in B_1(t)B1(t), we obtain an analytical expression for v_{trans}vtrans as a function of the system’s linear response. The linear response and consequently v_{trans}vtrans are influenced by the skyrmion’s internal modes and scattering states, as well as by the ferromagnetic background’s Kittel mode. The direction and speed of v_{trans}vtrans can be controlled by changing the polarisation, frequency and phase of the driving field B_1(t)B1(t). For systems with small Gilbert damping parameter \alphaα, we identify two distinct physical mechanisms used by the skyrmion to move. At low driving frequencies, the skyrmion’s motion is driven by friction, and v_{trans}\sim\alphavtrans∼α, whereas at higher frequencies above the ferromagnetic gap the skyrmion moves by magnon emission, and v_{trans}vtrans becomes independent of \alphaα.
ADENOSQUAMOUS CARCINOMAOF THE LUNG : TWO CASES REPORT
Authors:   Department of Respiratory Diseases , Research and Medical Sciences Laboratory , Faculty of Medecine and Pharmacy of Oujda , Mohammed VI University Hospital , Mohammed first University.Oujda , MOR., Thouil Afaf , Rhazari Meriem ,   Department of Respiratory Diseases , Research and Medical Sciences Laboratory , Faculty of Medecine and Pharmacy of Oujda , Mohammed VI University Hospital , Mohammed first University.Oujda , MOR., Lakhal Mohamed ,   Pulmonology Department, Mohammed VI University Hosppital Oujda, MOR., Kouismi Hatim ,   Pulmonology Department, Mohammed VI University Hosppital Oujda, MOR.
Published: August 2023

Adenosquamous carcinoma (ASC) is an uncommon and aggressive form of non-small cell lung carcinoma, representing an independent prognostic factor indicating poor prognosis. In this report, we present the cases of two patients admitted for the management of Adenosquamous carcinoma, one of whom was diagnosed based on a skin lesion. Both patients were at different stages of the disease at the time of management.
SGLT2: A PERSPECTIVE ON PATHOPHYSIOLOGY AND IMPACT OF SGLT2 INHIBITION ON RENAL FUNCTION
Authors: Hathial Manish , Hathial Chandrakiran , Makwana Jayant , George Anita , Bhat Priyanka , Yadav Bhagyashree , Nandgiri Ganesh
Published: August 2023

In individuals with diabetes, kidney size and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) tend to increase, and elevated GFR is a risk factor for diabetic kidney disease. Hyperfiltration occurs when high glucose levels in the glomerular filtrate causes increased reabsorption of glucose and sodium by the sodium-glucose cotransporters SGLT2 and SGLT1 in the proximal tubule. This hyperfiltration puts additional stress on the filtration barrier and increases the oxygen demand for reabsorption. Tubular growth is associated with a molecular signature that leads to inflammation and fibrosis. SGLT2 inhibitors play a significant role in mitigating hyperfiltration by reducing sodium and glucose reabsorption, normalizing feedback signals, and alleviating the physical stress on the filtration barrier. This tubule-centered model of diabetic kidney physiology explains the positive effects of SGLT2 inhibitors on renal outcomes, as demonstrated in large-scale clinical trials. Although these medications primarily target glucose reabsorption , patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus benefit from reduced blood glucose levels along with various other physiological advantages. Data support their use for modifying risk of kidney disease progression and acute kidney injury, not only in patients with type 2 diabetes at high cardiovascular risk, but also in patients with chronic kidney disease or heart failure irrespective of diabetes status, primary kidney disease, or kidney function.
A CASE OF MYELODYSPLASTIC SYNDROME WITH RARE TRANSLOCATION (2-11) (Q31 P15) SECONDARY TO CHEMOTHERAPY TREATMENT
Authors:   Clinical Hematology Department of the Mohammed V Military Hospital in Rabat, Morocco., Moussa Bouh H. , Mahtat EM. ,   Clinical Hematology Department of the Mohammed V Military Hospital in Rabat, Morocco., Hari O. ,   Clinical Hematology Department of the Mohammed V Military Hospital in Rabat, Morocco., Jennane S. ,   Clinical Hematology Department of the Mohammed V Military Hospital in Rabat, Morocco., Maaroufi H. ,   Clinical Hematology Department of the Mohammed V Military Hospital in Rabat, Morocco., Dogmi K. ,   Clinical Hematology Department of the Mohammed V Military Hospital in Rabat, Morocco.
Published: August 2023

Chromosomal translocations are common genetic alterations in myeloid neoplasia, and certain translocations have been specifically associated with secondary myeloid neoplasms following treatment with Topoisomerase II inhibitors. The most frequently observed translocations involve chromosomes 11q23 (MLL) and 21q22 (Runx1), and they typically occur early after chemotherapy. Here, we present a rare case of secondary myelodysplastic syndrome that occurred 14 years after chemotherapy, which included both alkylating agents and Topoisomerase II inhibitors. The patient presented with a translocation t (211) (q31 p15), which resulted in a rearrangement of the Nup98 gene with the HOXD13 gene. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of this specific translocation in the literature. This case underscores the importance of continued vigilance for the development of secondary myeloid neoplasms in patients who have received chemotherapy and suggests the need for further research to better understand the genetic mechanisms underlying these rare translocations.
LA RUPTURE INTRA-PLEURALE DU KYSTE HYDATIQUE DU POUMON
Authors:   Service de Chirurgie Thoracique Cardiovasculaire et Transplantation dorgane CHU Mustapha Alger, Algerie., Ghebouli K. , Larkem H. ,   Service de Chirurgie Thoracique CHU Constantine, Algerie., Kecir M-A ,   Service de Chirurgie Thoracique CHU Constantine, Algerie., Belbekri M. ,   Service de Chirurgie Thoracique CHU Constantine, Algerie., Hidouche F. ,   Service de Chirurgie Thoracique Cardiovasculaire et Transplantation dorgane CHU Mustapha Alger, Algerie., Bendjabbalah S. ,   Service de Chirurgie Generale A CHU Constantine, Algerie.
Published: August 2023

Introduction:Intra-pleural rupture of the hydatid cyst of the lung is a rare but serious complication. Our study aims to determine the particularities of this complication, the contributing factors and to expose the therapeutic methods used as well as their results. Material and Methods:Between January 2015 and December 2020, 594 patients were admitted for surgical management of pulmonary hydatidosis. 52 of them had a ruptured hydatid cyst in the pleura.The different variables studied were age, sex, clinical symptoms, radiological and biological data and the type of surgery performed. Results:They are 34 men and 18 women with an average age of 22 years (4-49 years). Symptoms were mainly represented by cough, chest pain and dyspnea. Surgical treatment was essentially conservative requiring prior decortication (92.30%). parenchymal resection by segmentectomy or lobectomy was performed in only 6 cases. Our results in terms of morbidity were satisfaying. Conclusion:Intra-pleural rupture of the hydatid cyst of the lung is a rare complication seen in young males with a large peripheral cyst. Surgical treatment must be instituted quickly once the diagnosis is established in order to avoid progression to complications, in particular secondary pleural contamination.
Design, Synthesis, and Molecular Docking Studies of New Quinoline-Thiazole Hybrids, Potential Leads in the Development of Novel Antileukemic Agents
Authors: Facchinetti Victor , Gomes Claudia Regina , Aboud Karoline , Fiorot Rodolfo , de Carvalho Guilherme , Paier Carlos Roberto , do Ó Pessoa Caudia , Gomes Anne Caroline , de Souza Marcus Vinícius , Vasconcelos Thatyana
Published: August 2023

This work describes the multigram-scale synthesis of the building-block N1 -(7-chloroquinolin4-yl)ethane-1,2-diamine via sonochemistry and its use in the synthesis of seven new quinoline-thiazole hybrids endowed with interesting anticancer activity. Target compounds were planned based on the drugs chloroquine and primaquine and the desired thiazoles were obtained through the Hantzsch thiazole synthesis, without the use of catalysts, by reacting key intermediate 1-(2-((7-chloroquinolin-4-yl)amino)ethyl)thiourea, obtained in two-steps from N1-(7-chloroquinolin-4-yl)ethane-1,2-diamine, with different 2-bromoacetophenones. The novel molecules were assessed against four different leukemia cell lines (HL60, K562, KASUMI-1, and KG-1) plus normal fibroblasts (L929), using the 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazol)-2,5-diphenyl2H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, and showed, overall, a high cytotoxic profile, but with interesting selectivity index, especially against K562 cells (1.89 to 5.50), when compared to standard doxorubicin (3.51). Docking studies suggest that all tested derivatives are able to interact with BCR-ABL1 tyrosine kinase enzyme, and, therefore, these molecules may be promising leads against chronic myeloid leukemia.
Crambe Orientalis Bitkisinin Hidrotermal Yöntemle NaF/Al2O3 Katalizörü Varlığında Sıvılaştırılması, Katalizör Oranının Sıvı Ürün İçeriğine Etkisi
Authors: GENEL Salih , DURAK Halil
Published: August 2023

Hidrotermal sıvılaştırma, yüksek basınç ve sıcaklık altında biyokütlenin sulu ortamda sıvılaştırılması işlemidir. Bu işlem, biyokütlenin enerji ve malzeme dönüşümü için çevre dostu bir yöntem olarak kabul edilmektedir. HTL işlemi için uygun katalizörlerin seçimi oldukça önemlidir. Katalizörler, HTL işlemi verimliliğini artırarak daha yüksek kaliteli ürünler elde etmeyi ve aynı zamanda enerji tüketimini azaltarak çevre dostu bir süreç sağlamayı mümkün kılar. Yapılan çalışmada Crambe orientalis bitkisinin hidrotermal sıvılaştırılmasında katalizör olarak NaF/Al2O3 kullanılmıştır. Alüminaya yüklenen NaF miktarına göre 3 farklı katalizör sentezlenmiştir. Reaksiyon sıcaklığı 325 oC bekleme süresi 30 dakika olarak belirlenmiştir. Katalizörlerin ağırlıkça miktarlarının sıvı ürün elementel içeriği üzerindeki etkisi incelenmiştir. En yüksek enerji değeri, NaF-2 katalizörü varlığında ağırlıkça %25’lik oranda elde edilmiştir.
Comparison of Bayesian and frequentist quantile regressions in studying the trend of discharge changes in several hydrometric stations of the Gorganroud basin in Iran
Authors: Ghorbani Khalil , Salarijazi Meysam , Bararkhanpour Sedigheh , Ghaleh Laleh Rezaei
Published: August 2023

This research utilized Bayesian and quantile regression techniques to analyze trends in discharge levels across various seasons for three stations in the Gorganroud basin of northern Iran. The study spanned a period of 50 years (1966–2016). Results indicate a decrease in high discharge rates during springtime for the Arazkouseh and Galikesh stations, with a steep slope of −0.31 m3/s per year for Arazkouseh and −0.19 and −0.17 for Galikesh. Furthermore, Tamar station experienced an increase in very high discharge during summer, with a slope of 0.12 m3/s per year. However, low discharge rates remained relatively unchanged. Arazkouseh station showed a higher rate of decreasing discharge levels and this trend was most prominent during spring. Additionally, the Bayesian quantile regression model proved to be more accurate and reliable than the frequency-oriented quantile regression model. These findings suggest that quantile regression models are a valuable tool for predicting and managing extremely high and low discharge changes, ultimately reducing the risk of flood and drought damage.
Current Update on New Delhi Metallo-β-lactamase (NDM) Variants: New
Challenges in the Journey of Evolution
Authors: Farooq Samiya , Khan Asad U.
Published: August 2023

New Delhi Metallo-β-lactamase is an enzyme produced by gram-negative bacteria
which has become one of the global concerns for physicians to treating the infection. These Metallo-
β-lactamase are capable of catalyzing the hydrolysis of almost all β-lactam antibiotics, endangering
infection treatment. Substitution of single or multiple amino acids results in new NDM
variants. Forty NDM variants have been identified in different bacterial strains across the globe. In
this review, we focused on the structural insight of all NDM variants including the type of amino
acid residues and their position of substitution, country of origin, and type of bacteria carrying these
resistant markers. We also discussed the carbapenemase activity and stability of enzymes that
helps to design potent inhibitors to combat drug-resistant infections.
Assessment of the In Vivo Reprotoxicity of Isotretinoin in Sprague-Dawley
Male Rat
Authors: Khalil Ahmad , Daradkeh Mai , Alrabie Amneh , Abo Siam Hasan
Published: August 2023

Background:

Isotretinoin (ISO) belongs to a family of drugs called retinoids. It is the most effective drug prescribed by dermatologists for the treatment of the inflammatory disease, acne vulgaris. A significant barrier to the use of ISO has worries regarding its adverse effect profile. Despite the well-recognized reproductive toxicity and teratogenicity in females, there is no warning related to the use by male patients in the medication prospectus. Current data on the effects on human male fertility is contradictory and inconclusive.

Objectives:

This study was undertaken to investigate the potential effects of ISO oral doses in the Sprague–Dawley male rat germ cells using the sperm morphology assay. Also, the serum levels of the follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), and testosterone were measured.

Methods:

The rat groups were given varying ISO doses via gastric gavage for seven consecutive days. The epididymis sperm specimens were microscopically examined for the following reproductive toxicity parameters: sperm concentration, examined viability, motility, and morphology. The serum FSH, LH, and testosterone levels were measured by using the corresponding enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit. The data were analyzed statistically by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by the Tukey test at P ≤ 0.05 significance level.

Results:

The results indicated that the drug did not significantly increase the sex hormone levels but notably affected both the sperm quantity and quality.

Conclusion:

These observations suggest that ISO was reprotoxic, and future therapies should be further reassessed.
Mitochondria-targeted Uncouplers Decrease Inflammatory Reactions in
Endothelial Cells by Enhancing Methylation of the ICAM1 Gene Promoter
Authors: Zinovkina Liudmila A. , Makievskaya Ciara I. , Galkin Ivan I. , Zinovkin Roman A.
Published: August 2023

Introduction:

The study aimed to investigate the effects of low concentrations of mitochondrial uncouplers in endothelial cells on the CpG dinucleotide methylation of the ICAM1 gene promoter. The excessive inflammatory response in the endothelium is responsible for the development of many cardiovascular diseases. Mitochondria are important regulators of endothelial cell functions. Mild uncoupling of oxidative phosphorylation and respiration in endothelial mitochondria exerts a long lasting anti-inflammatory effect. However, the detailed mechanism of the anti-inflammatory activity of mitochondrial uncouplers remains unclear.We hypothesized that mild mitochondrial uncoupling leads to epigenetic changes in genomic DNA contributing to the anti-inflammatory response.

Methods:

We studied the long-term effects of mitochondria-targeted compounds with the uncoupler’s activities: the antioxidant plastoquinonyl-decyl-triphenylphosphonium (SkQ1), dodecyl-triphenylphosphonium (C12TPP), and 2,4-dinitrophenol (DNP). The mRNA expression of the intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM1), a marker of inflammatory activation of endothelial cells, was measured by RT-qPCR. Cytosine methylation in the CpG sites of the ICAM1 gene promoter was estimated by bisulfite sequencing of individual clones.

Results:

It was found that downregulation of ICAM1 expression caused by DNP and C12TPP was accompanied by an increase in the methylation of CpG sites in the ICAM1 gene promoter. None of the compounds affected intracellular or intramitochondrial ATP levels.

Conclusion:

Low concentrations of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation uncouplers are able to increase methylation of ICAM1 gene promoter, which corresponds to the observed decrease in the levels of mRNA levels of this gene. Thus, the change in methylation of the ICAM1 gene promoter may underlie the mechanism of decreased ICAM1 expression caused by mild mitochondrial depolarization. Mitochondrial uncouplers may be exploited as possible therapeutic candidates to treat excessive inflammation in endothelium, by changing the methylation status of genomic DNA.
Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms of MTHFR (rs1051266) and
SLC19A1 (rs1801133) Associated to Genomic Ancestry in Cuban
Healthy Population
Authors: Martínez Goitybell , Zuñiga Yaima , Bybjerg Jonas , Mors Ole , Marcheco Beatriz
Published: August 2023

Background:

Several single nucleotide polymorphisms on methotrexate pathway
have been implicated with hyperhomocysteinemia, susceptibility to autoimmune diseases
and the therapy effectiveness of methotrexate

Objective:

The present study estimates the ethnogeographic prevalence of rs1801133
(c.665C>T) in methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase and rs1051266 (c.80A>G) in solute carrier
family

Methods:

Genomic data was collected from a dense genome-wide genotyping array analysis
of a large sample of individuals from all provinces of Cuba, with a final sample of 946 individuals
for rs1801133 and 948 individuals for rs1051266.

Results:

For rs1801133, T allele and TT genotype were more prevalent in Mayabeque, the
province with the highest European (p<0.0001) and the lowest African ancestry proportion
(p<0.0001). Whereas, T allele and TT genotype frequency were low in Guantánamo (23.7%
and 1.8%), the province with the highest African ancestry proportion (p<0.0001) and the
lowest European ancestry proportion (p<0.0001). For rs1051266, the higher frequency of G
allele was observed in Villa Clara, Las Tunas, Holguín and Granma and this group was associated
with AG and GG genotypes (p=0.0045). This seems to be related to high Native
American ancestry proportion in Las Tunas (p<0.0001), Holguín (p<0.0001) and Granma
(p<0.0001); with the low African ancestry proportion in Villa Clara (p<0.0001) and with a
Native American ancestry-enriched pattern observed for these provinces (p=0.0005).

Conclusion:

These results provide evidence that ancestry contribution impacts in the ethnogeographic
prevalence of rs1801133 (c.665C>T) and rs1051266 (c.80A>G) polymorphisms
in healthy Cuban individuals.
Chemical, Microbiological, and Sensorial Properties of Bio-ayran Prepared using various Cultures
Authors: Hassan Amina Mahmoud , Shalabi Ola Mohamed , Ismail Magdy Mohamed , El-Menawy Reham Kamal
Published: August 2023

Background:

Ayran is drinkable yoghurt that is prepared by mixing water, salt, and yoghurt,
or by adding water to milk and inoculation with yoghurt culture and adding salt after fermentation.

Objective:

This study investigates the effect of using classic, probiotic, EPS-producing and EPS-producing + probiotic (BB12) cultures on the chemical, microbiological and sensorial characteristics of
drinkable dairy product ayran.

Methods:

Four treatments of ayran were made using classic yogurt culture (T1), ABT-5 culture (T2),
exopolysaccharide (EPS) producing culture (YO-Flex Mild 1.0) (T3), and EPS-producing culture +
Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis BB12 (mixture culture) (T4).

Results:

Sample T2 had the lowest acidity values during the fermentation period. While sample T2 had
the highest pH values, the total solids, fat, and total protein contents of the ayran treatments were unaffected by culture type. Mineral contents slightly decreased in samples T3 and T4. In comparison to
other treatments, sample 4 had higher counts of S. thermophilus, L. delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus, and
Bifidobacterium. The recommended level of probiotic bacteria (107
cfu g
−1
) was exceeded for all treatments, particularly T4, and remained above (107
cfu g
−1
) until the end of storage. Moreover, Ayran,
made with mixture culture (T4), received the highest sensory evaluation scores.

Conclusion:

Mixture culture (EPS-producing culture + BB12) is a good starter to make bioayran containing high counts of probiotics.
Movie Recommendations
Authors: Behera Anukampa , Rani Panigrahi Chhabi , Mishra Abhishek , Pati Bibudhendu , Mitra Sumit
Published: August 2023

Recently, most retail-based and e-commerce companies have been using
recommender systems aggressively. It retains a customer's interest by giving exclusive
offers on personalized preferences. The primary purpose of a recommender system is to
get at an increase in sales by providing an enriched experience to the customer. With
the emergence of many video streaming services like Netflix, Hotstar, and amazon
prime video, the dependency on movie recommendation systems has increased. It
facilitates the users in faster search and easier access for shows matching their tastes
and helps them choose what they are looking for without getting lost in the flood of
available options. The user most often gets surprised by seeing an offer that they
possibly would never have searched. The system is based on information retrieved and
processed user preferences, ratings, likings, disliking, etc., to use this understanding to
recommend the products. In this chapter, we have discussed the various popular
algorithm used for the movie recommendation, along with an insight into the extensive
use of models based on machine learning especially deep learning. The performance of
different movie recommendation systems with a comparative analysis is also given to
encourage further research in this area.
Sentiment Analysis for Movie Reviews
Authors: Maram Balajee , Merugula Suneetha , Kumar Balan Santhosh
Published: August 2023

The viewpoint, together with a feeling examination, helps in distinguishing
the perspective and characterizing the survey as good, nonpartisan, or negative. The
angle-based conclusion investigation incorporates pre-processing of surveys, extremity
figuring, and distinguishing the perspective and execution assessment. Primary assets
of constant assessment, Twitter, messages, and other interpersonal organizations have
captivated the significant interests of the exploration business and network. Wistful
analysis (supposition mining) of brief, casual writings via web-based media sums up
feelings as good, unbiased, or negative expressions of the sentiment holder. We will
utilize a viewpoint-based estimation examination by using profound learning
calculations. This methodology receives language preparation procedures, rules, and
dictionaries to address a few opinion examination difficulties and produce summed
results. By utilizing deep learning, we can yield more exactness than Artificial
Intelligence (AI) calculations.