bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The current situation and issues with English language activities in primary schools in Japan after six years of implementation
Authors: Masaru Takiguchi , Junko Machida
Published: April 2021

English education in public primary schools in Japan started in 2011 not as a subject but as an area of foreign language activities in Japan. However, the preparation was poor and homeroom teachers without proper training were required to teach English. Since then, the issue has become highly controversial in Japan. To clarify the actual situation, we conducted surveys three times between 2012 and 2017 and found many problems. Nevertheless, English will become a compulsory subject from April, 2020, but before we see any major improvements by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT), more careful study on the problems is an urgent need and therefore, we would like to utilize the results of our research. This paper attempts to study the changing situation and to point out the necessary conditions for possible reforms by comparing and analyzing the results of the latter two surveys.
Using materials by module in teaching Maths-teaching Methodology module for maths students at Lao teacher training colleges
Authors: Tran Trung , Sophida Done
Published: April 2021

Among popular teaching approaches, teaching by module is attracting educationers. In education, the module approach is linked to the teaching technology ideology, which is a modern way of structuring or organizing the compilation of teaching content so that the training program becomes more flexible and adapted to the diverse learning organization. On the basis of research on the training program for Maths students at Lao teacher training colleges and theoretical research on modules; teaching modules; teaching materials by modules, from the materials; subject entitled Maths Teaching Methodology is designed. The article mentions the use of this material in teaching Maths Teaching Methodology module for Maths students at Lao teacher training colleges.
Using blended learning model in improving self-study competence in Physics subject of high school students
Authors: Nguyen Ngoc Thi Lan , Le Hien Thi Thu , Nguyen Nhi Thi , Dang Tuan Minh
Published: April 2021

The paper presents results from research on improving self-study competence of students in Blended Learning model in teaching Physics in high school. The research results are conducted through the design of E-learning system for Physics teaching, propose measures to improve the ability of self-studying Physics for general students according to the blended learning model. Experiment was carried out with 255 high school students in Quang Tri province. The article shows that the blended learning model is perfectly suitable for improving self-study competence for students, contributing to improving the quality of teaching Physics.
Higher Education Quality Assurance and Accreditation Implementation in Several Countries across the World and Lessons Learned for Vietnam
Authors: Nguyen Cuong Huu , Marshall Stephen J , Evers Collin W
Published: April 2021

Quality assurance and accreditation in higher education has been implemented in many countries across the world with the main purposes of quality control, quality improvement and accountability. This paper aims to synthesize and analyze quality assurance and accreditation policies and practices in Australia, the U.S. and several other countries in Europe and Asia to propose recommendations for Vietnam. Employing the method of document analysis, the study reviewed scholarly papers and scientific reports discussing the implementation of quality assurance and accreditation in many higher education systems across the world. The results showed that quality assurance and accreditation activities were diverse ranging from institutional accreditation to program accreditation, from voluntary to compulsory accreditation, and from fitness-for-purpose approaches to standard-based approaches. These findings were used to compare and contrast the emerging quality assurance and accreditation system of Vietnam and make recommendations for its future development.
English-Majored Students’ Research Engagement: Research Areas, Limitations and Implications
Authors: Pham Cuong Huy
Published: April 2021

This study draws on the data set of 73 research reports written by senior students specializing in English language to identify the common research areas pursued by these students. It also aims to explore the issues emerging from the process of writing research reports through in-depth analysis of ten of the projects. The findings show that most of the students opted for research topics in English language teaching, diverting rather significantly from their minors in Business English and Translation and Interpreting. Prominent issues arising from writing the research reports include the rigor of the problem statement, the diversity and relevance of references, limited critical analysis and students’ linguistic resources. The study offers preliminary insights into students’ research engagement, choices of research areas and limitations in writing research reports, which enables lecturers to develop strategies for research supervision. It also provides implications in terms of teacher-student research partnership as well as curriculum and syllabus design that integrate research-related components.
Outcome Assessment of General Education 21st Century Competency Skills: Close the Loop Efforts in the United States
Authors: Pham Nhung Thi Tuyet
Published: April 2021

Over the past several years, various stakeholders have continued to express concerns about the quality of U.S. higher education. Under the accountability and transparency pressures, institutions must provide evidence of student learning, especially the value of general education programs upon graduation. Therefore, a case study at a U.S. comprehensive university was conducted to assess five general education competency skills (written, oral, quantitative literacy, critical thinking and information literacy). To facilitate “close the loop” conversations with faculty and committees, in addition to descriptive analysis, the university disaggregated the assessment data in a non-traditional way by examining the relationship of student factors (race, year and college) and student learning. The researcher used ANCOVA and ANOVA to identify significant differences. Results indicated year and race were related to student outcomes, except for critical thinking skills. The researcher provided suggestions for use of the study’s findings to close the loop in the general education program.
Fluxograma utilizado para dor torácica em 523 pacientes admitidos na emergência do Hospital Unimed Recife III
Authors: Miranda Vitor Nunes de , Pontes Ricardo , Dantas Weidson Francisco Gonçalves , Libânia Izabel Albuquerque , Valença Marcelo Moraes , Cruz Fernando
Published: April 2021

Introdução A dor torácica é responsável por mais de 8 milhões de admissões por ano na emergência em hospitais nos EUA. Ainda não há um consenso sobre a melhor forma de se investigar ou tratar pacientes com dor torácica, além de ser uma área de constante aprimoramento nas diversas modalidades de como intervir naqueles pacientes onde o infarto do miocárdio é a causa da dor torácica. Recomenda-se o estabelecimento de um protocolo clínico e seu fluxograma no cuidado dos pacientes com dor torácica na emergência.Objetivo Apresentam o fluxograma utilizado no Hospital da Unimed III, Unimed Recife, Recife, Brasil, para pacientes admitidos na Unidade de Emergência com dor torácica. Com o objetivo de se avaliar dados relacionados com o uso do Protocolo Clínico de Dor Torácica usado no Hospital da Unimed Recife III, verificou-se, para o período de abril a dezembro de 2020, o número de pacientes que entraram no protocolo, quantos foram diagnosticados como infarto do miocárdio com supra ou sem supra, quantos pacientes conseguiram realizar o cateterismo em até 90 minutos e a letalidade. Uma revisão breve sobre dor torácica também foi realizada.Método Dados sobre número de pacientes que entraram no protocolo de dor torácica foi obtido do prontuário eletrônico do paciente (PEP, Business Intelligence). O período estudado foi de 1º de abril até 31 de dezembro de 2020.Resultados Foram 523 pacientes inseridos no protocolo. Dos 523 pacientes com dor torácica, 40 (7,7%) receberam o diagnóstico de infarto do miocárdio, em 19/40 (47,5%) com supra. Em 88% dos pacientes que foram submetidos a um cateterismo cardíaco o tempo porta-balão foi inferior a 90 minutos, mostrando a importância de um Protocolo Clínico na assistência de pacientes cardiológicos. Não houve morte entre os pacientes com infarto do miocárdio.Conclusão Uma parcela significativa de pacientes com dor torácica por infarto do miocárdio recebeu intervenção diagnóstica e tratamento em intervalo de tempo considerado ideal para reperfusão do tecido miocárdico com isquemia. Não houve morte.
Is borderline personality disorder the cause of chronic headache?
Authors: Martins Hugo André de Lima
Published: April 2021

Patients with chronic headache are challenging for the clinician and often refractory to pharmacological treatment. Personality disorders affect up to 10% of the population, and borderline personality disorder is the most prevalent. It is characterized by a high degree of impulsivity, emotional instability, interpersonal relationship problems, fragile self-esteem, and pain distortion, which may often be the cause but not a consequence of chronic Headache.
Alterações cognitivas em pacientes com HIV-AIDS
Authors: Valença Marcelo Moraes
Published: April 2021

Comentário
Petf Performance Indicator: An Analysis Of Current Tactical Trends In Women's Tennis
Authors: Serfiotis Enrico
Published: April 2021

Many studies have focused on isolated tactical characteristics of tennis and have given less importance to the female game. The goal of this article was to create, based on the existing literature and the observation on the women’s game, the PETF indicator (Pattern success of women 's tennis), which tries to gather the most important tactical needs of the women’s game, and to validate them through questionnaires answered by active players from the WTA circuit and ITF World Tour, seeking to achieve a consensus on the key aspects and analyse their tactical knowledge.
Comparative Study of Conservative Vs Surgical Management of Clavicle Fractures
Authors: Phanswal Vivek
Published: April 2021

Background: Clavicle Fractures is one of the common fractures of upper limb accounting for approximately 40 % of all shoulder fractures. Till recently all clavicle fracture were treated conservatively, but now interest in surgical management is rising. This study was carried out to see if Surgical management outweighs the conservative treatment of Fractures Of Clavicle.
Methods: A total of 40 cases satisfying inclusion and exclusion criteria were included in the study. Alternate patients were allocated to operative and conservation groups. In total 20 patients were operated operatively and 20 patients were treated conservatively. Outcome was analysed in terms of radiological union and functional outcome of the patient. Constant and Murley score was used as a score to evaluate final outcome.
Results: In this study, the 20 patients who were operated upon had an average union time of 7.8 weeks; 1 patient had delayed fracture union by 12 wks. 20 patients in conservative group had normal union of fractures with 1 patient going into non-union. Average union time in the conservative group was 9.4 weeks, which was more than the 7.8 weeks seen in the group treated operatively. Mal-union was present in 7 of the 20 patients treated conservatively, and 5 of these 7 had a visible deformity. Out of these patients with mal-union 1 had poor functional outcome, 3 had good to excellent outcome and 3 had satisfactory functional outcome. 4 of these had restricted movements terminally and 2 had pain on movement.
Conclusions: From our study based on patients of clavicle fractures, it can be concluded that the operative group had significantly higher excellent outcomes as compared to the conservatively- managed group, based on the Constant and Murley score.

Keywords: Clavicle Fractures, Constant and Murley Score, Operative Clavicle Fracture Management, Clavicle Fracture Functional Outcome.
Peran Filantropi Zakat Dalam Pengentasan Kemiskinan di Indonesia
Authors: Irawan Feri
Published: April 2021

Abstrak: Kemiskinan adalah masalah serius yang dihadapi oleh negara Indonesia, walaupun Banyak upaya telah dilakukan oleh pemerintah namun tingkat kemiskinannya masih sangat tinggi, dalam upaya pengentasan kemiskinan diperlukan sinergi filantropi zakat. Penelitian ini mendiskripsikan bagaimana kontribusi filantropi zakat dalam upaya pengentasan kemiskinan yang ada di Indonesia. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dengan pendekatan kualitatif, dan pengumpulan data meggunakan teknik observasi non partisipasi dan dokumentasi. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa filantropi zakat terhadap keluarga miskin baik yang berupa karitas maupun pemberdayaan, serta penyediaan sumber-sumber produksi mempunyai kontribusi terhadap peningkatan kesejahteraan umat di Indonesia.
PEMIKIRAN TASAWUF SAID AQIL SIROJ
Authors: Salam Nor
Published: April 2021

Kajian terhadap pemikiran Tasawuf Said Aqil Siroj dilatarbelakangi oleh konsep tasawuf yang ditawarkan Siroj yang tidak semata-mata hanya terfokus kepada laku spiritual semata. Di satu sisi, Siroj membenarkan bahwa objek esensial dalam tasawuf adalah persoalan hati manusia (qalb) yang bersifat immaterial, namun demikian, tidak pasif terhadap kenyataan hidup. Bahkan Siroj mengkaitkan konsep tasawuf dengan sikap kebangsaan. Dalam hal ini tasawuf tidak bisa diturunkan derajatnya hanya semata-mata pada perbuatan yang secara lahiriah dinilai sebagai kebajikan seperti bersedekah ataupun kebajikan sosial lainnya.

Kajian ini menunjukkan bahwa kajian tasawuf dalam pemikiran Siroj mampu dijadikan sebagai pendekatan yang mampu melahirkan pemahaman keIslaman yang moderat serta bentuk dakwah yang mengedepankan perkataan yang mulia (qaulan kariman), perkataan yang baik (qaulan ma’rufa), perkataan yang pantas (qaulan maisura), perkataan yang lemah lembut (qaulan layyina), perkataan yang berbekas pada jiwa (qaulan baligha), dan perkataan yang berbobot (qaulan tsaqila), serta tidak semata-mata merujuk secara paten terhadap ayat-ayat jihad yang seringkali hanya dipahami sebagai perang mengangkat senjata, padahal jihad pada masa nabi merupakan satu wujud dan manifestasi yang luas termasuk di dalamnya adalah pembebasan rakyat, penghapusan diskriminasi dan perlindungan terhadap hak-hak rakyat demi terbangunnya sebuah tatanan masyarakat yang beradab.
Perlindungan UU No. 1 Tahun 1974 tentang Perkawinan kepada Calon Pengantin
Authors: Rizal Faisol
Published: April 2021

In marriage, some conventional fiqh literature stipulates that the authority to determine the marriage of the prospective bride is more dominant to the male side than the female party. For example, this is the opinion of Imam Syafi'i who allows the marriage of girls even though the girls are adults without the consent of the girls. In the Indonesian context, marriage must be based on the consent of the two prospective brides, which is one of the administrative requirements so that the marriage can take place.

The methods used in this article is a qualitative approach to the library, where the focus is aimed against any reference about the religion, culture and islamic boarding school. The approach used is qualitative, which is a research procedure that describes the behavior of certain people, events, or places in detail and depth. While this type of research is literature. Namely, research that relies on reading sources, texts, and various information in the form of reading. In a different reference library research is research that is done to solve a problem that is based on a critical study of library materials and related research results presented in new ways.
Penyuluhan Pengaturan Pola Makan dan Gizi Seimbang untuk Siswa Sekolah Sepak Bola di Cilacap Selatan
Authors: Soviana Elida
Published: April 2021

Pola makan yang baik dan gizi seimbang dibutuhkan oleh setiap olahragawan dan atlet untuk menunjang performa pada saat latihan maupun pertandingan. Oleh sebab itu, setiap olahragawan dan atlet harus memiliki pengetahuan yang baik tentang pola makan dan gizi seimbang tersebut. Pengetahuan gizi yang kurang pada anak-anak dan orangtua menyebabkan asupan gizi inadekuat. Asupan gizi yang inadekuat pada atlet dapat menyebabkan performa atlet kurang baik, atlet Siswa Sekolah Sepak Bola (SSB) SPARTAN yang bertempat di Kabupaten Cilacap mengikuti latihan sepak bola 1 minggu selama 4 kali. Pada satu tahun terakhir terdapat 32% siswa yang sakit dan kebugaran fisiknya kurang setelah melakukan latihan. Tujuan kegiatan pengabdian adalah meningkatkan pengetahuan kepada orangtua siswa tentang pola makan dan gizi seimbang. Penyuluhan dilakukan kepada 55 siswa beserta orangtua mereka. Penyuluhan diberikan dengan menggunakan media leafleat dan powerpoint. Sebelum dan setelah penyuluhan para peserta mendapatkan kuesioner. Berdasarkan hasil pengabdian diketahui bahwa terdapat peningkatan pengetahuan dari siswa dan orang tua siswa terhadap pola makan dan gizi seimbang.
Internet Marketing Strategi Untuk Meningkatkan Pemasaran Industri Kopiah Desa Temboro Karas Magetan
Authors: Fauzi Rizal Ula Ananta , Kadi Dian Citaningtyas Ari , Waluyo Wisnu , Zakaria Muhammad Adib , Lestari Endang , Octavia Nadyla , Laksono Novi Tri
Published: April 2021

Pengabdian Masyarakat merupakan implementasi dari Tridarma perguruan tinggi untuk membantu masyarakat. Pengabdian Masyarakat ini untuk menemukan permasalahan yang dihadapi Iindustri Kopiah Desa Temboro. Indutri Kopiah tersebut dalam hal pemasaran masih kurang evektif, pasalnya mereka hanya memasarkan di lingkungan sekitar kampung tersebut yang notabennya memang sudah banyak masyarakat Temboro kesehariannya menggunakan kopiah . Maka dari itu tujuan Abdi Masyarakat kami ini akan mengenalkan cara pemasaran yang lebih meluas dan tentunya juga hemat biaya yaitu dengan cara penjualan dengan basis media online, Publikasi pada media sosial,dan meelalui media E-commerce. kegiatan pengabdian dibantu oleh para mahasiswa sekaligus sebagai pembelajaran kewirausahaan bagi mahasiswa sebagai pengetahuan berwirausaha. Inovasi yang dilakukan adalah melakukan pengembangan pemasaran melalui media berbasis E-commerce yang bertujuan untuk memperluas segmen pasar dari industri kopiah tersebut. Dari hasil pengabdian diperoleh situs web dan telegram yang dijadikan alamat untuk pemasaran online kopyah temboro sehingga memperluas pangsa pasar usaha Kopyah temboro dimasa new normal.
Pemanfaatan Barang Bekas Sebagai Media Alat Peraga Sederhana Dalam Upaya Meningkatkan Aktivitas dan Hasil Belajar Biologi
Authors: Erwing Erwing , Ahmad Andi Kurniawati
Published: April 2021

Penelitian ini adalah penelitian tindakan kelas ( Classroom Action Research ) penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan aktivitas dan hasil belajar biologi siswa melalui Pemanfaatan Barang Bekas Sebagai Media Alat Peraga Sederhana, dengan pemberian tugas terstruktur, subjek penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas X Mipa3  Man 2 Bone Kabupaten Bone, yang berjumlah 36 orang. penelitian ini dilaksanakan dalam dua siklus, yang terdiri dari empat kali pertemuan. Adapun prosedur setiap siklus berlangsung empat tahap, yaitu: (1) perencanaan, (2) pelaksanaan tindakan, (3) observasi, dan ( refleksi ). teknik pengumpulan yang digunakan pada penelitian ini yaitu tentang hasil belajar yang diambil dengan tes pada akhir setiap siklus, data aktivitas siswa diambil dengan cara menggunakan lembar observasi, pada saat pembelajaran berlangsung. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah teknik analisis data deskriptif kuantitatif. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian pembahasan selama dua siklus maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa aktivitas siswa kelas X MIPA3 MAN 2 Bone Kabupaten Bone, mengalami peningkatan pada setiap pertemuan siklus I dan Siklus II atau berada pada criteria baik. Sedangkan untuk hasil belajar biologi siswa juga mengalami peningkatan dari siklus I dan Siklus II. Hal ini di tunjukkan oleh (1) meningkatnya jumlah siswa yang mencapai KKM dari siklus I ke Siklus II yaitu 15 siswa pada siklus I menjadi 30 siswa pada siklus II. Dengan demikian Pemanfaatan Barang Bekas Sebagai Media Alat Peraga Sederhana dengan pemberian tugas terstruktur  dapat Meningkatkan Aktivitas Dan Hasil  Belajar Biologi Kelas X Mipa3 Man 2 Bone Kabupaten Bone.
Sistem Informasi Lembaga Kursus Private Bahasa Inggris Berbasis Website
Authors: Kurniawan Yogiek Indra , Laksono Riski Agung Putro , Saputri Widiyarti Endang , Putri Puput Muliana , Rakhman Arkham Zahri
Published: April 2021

Bimbingan belajar English Home Soloraya (EHS) adalah sebuah lembaga pembelajaran konsep homeschooling, yakni para pengajar yang mendatangi rumah para murid untuk bimbingan. EHS memiliki beberapa kendala dalam proses bisnisnya, salah satunya dalam bidang administrasi. Sebelumnya, pendataan murid, pengajar, materi masih dilakukan secara manual. Penjadwalan bimbingan yang sering berubah tanpa konfirmasi kepada pengelola EHS juga telah mempersulit untuk merekapitulasi kehadiran murid dan kerja para pengajar. Bukti kehadiran selama ini digunakan sebagai sumber informasi kedua bagi orangtua untuk memantau proses bimbingan anaknya juga bagi pengelola untuk memantau kinerja para pengajar. Tujuan kegiatan ini adalah untuk membangun sistem informasi untuk lembaga kursus private bahasa inggris berbasis website. Metode yang digunakan yaitu wawancara, metode observasi, serta metode pustaka. Pada sistem informasi berbasis website ini terdapat beberapa menu yang dapat memudahkan pengelola (administrator)  untuk mengolah data murid baru, data pengajar, data pre-post test, data kehadiran dan data pembayaran. Website ini dapat membantu pihak EHS untuk selangkah lebih maju dalam penyampaian informasi serta dapat memudahkan mengelola informasi murid dan informasi kegiatan bimbingan agar bisa diakses oleh orangtua murid.
Rancang Bangun Sistem Informasi Pengelolaan Wisata Edukasi Berbasis Website Studi Kasus Kampung Marketer
Authors: Pangestu Adi , Afuan Lasmedi
Published: April 2021

Kampung marketer merupakan sebuah Organisasi Pendidikan Teknologi Informasi Digital Marketing, yang terletak di desa Tunjungmuli, Kecamatan Karangmoncol, Kabupaten Purbalingga. Kampung Marketer memiliki beberapa program kegiatan terkait pembelajaran Digital Marketing, salah satunya adalah program wisata edukasi. Permasalahan yang muncul pada pengelolaan program wisata edukasi adalah pengumpulan data pendaftar dan kurangnya informasi online mengenai wisata edukasi. Sebagai solusi dari permasalahan tersebut, pada penelitian ini mengembangkan Sistem Informasi Pengelolaan Wisata Edukasi Kampung Marketer. Sistem Informasi Pengelolaan Wisata Edukasi Kampung Marketer adalah sistem berbasis web yang digunakan untuk melakukan pengelolaan terhadap Program Wisata Edukasi Kampung Marketer. Adapun pengelolaan program diantaranya adalah pendaftaran, pembayaran, informasi, materi, dan evaluasi. Sistem Informasi Pengelolaan Wisata Edukasi ini dibuat dengan menggunakan metode Waterfall menggunakan Bahasa pemrograman PHP, database MySQL. Sistem ini dibentuk dengan tujuan untuk mengelola dan menyimpan data peserta secara terkomputerisasi. Sehingga semakin memudahkan pihak pengelola dan manajemen Kampung Marketer dalam mengelola wisata edukasi dengan efektif dan efisien.
Menentukan Kerangka Kerja Arsitektur Enterprise yang tepat dalam Perancangan Arsitektur Skala Besar
Authors: Prasetyo Hanung Nindito , Tridalestari Ferra Arik
Published: April 2021

Penerapan arsitektur enterprise bertujuan menciptakan adanya keselarasan antara entitas bisnis dan teknologi informasi dalam sebuah perusahaan. Implementasi arsitektur enterprise sangat ditentukan bagaimana perusahaan membuat perencanaan dan membuat rancangan arsitektur enterprise tersebut. Masih banyak perusahaan yang mengalami kesulitan dalam memilih dan merancang arsitektur enterprise. Tahapan dalam pengembangan model arsitektur enterprise sangatlah penting dan akan berlanjut pada tahapan berikutnya yaitu rencana implementasi. Namun untuk membangun sebuah arsitektur enterprise dibutuhkan kedalaman pemahaman khususnya bagaimana menempatkan peran dan posisi arsitektur enterprise dalam praktik manajemen organisasi. Terkadang arsitektur enterprise yang dibangun gagal untuk diimplementasikan dalam arti tidak sesuai harapan pada awal perencanaan perusahaan atau organisasi. Pertanyaannya adalah bagaimana merancang arsitektur yang tepat?. Oleh karena itu, makalah ini mengusulkan cara pemilihan Kerangka kerja yang tepat terkait visi, misi tujuan dan keunikan organisasi sehingga arsitektur enterprise yang dihasilkan memudahkan organisasi dalam menentukan langkah serta strategi dalam perjalanan serta aktivitasnya mencapai tujuan bisnisnya.
Asymmetric Macroeconomic Shocks and Asset Price Behaviors in Selected African Countries
Authors: Olanrewaju Saliu Mojeed , Oladipo Ogunleye Edward
Published: April 2021

This study examines the relationship between Asset prices (Stock and Real estate prices) and Macroeconomic variables in four selected African countries. The study employs the Westerlund Error Correction Based Panel Cointegration test and Eight-variable Structural Vector Autoregressive model to examine the relationship between asset prices and macroeconomic variables. Findings from the study confirm that no long-run relationship exists between both Asset prices and macroeconomic variables. The study equally reveals that portfolio diversification benefits of both stock and real estate markets are more pronounced in the period of a boom than the recession period in Africa. The results also show that GDP growth rate shock exerts a significant impact on both asset prices during expansion and recession periods. The study reveals that foreign interest rates and World oil price shocks are better predictors of both stock and real estate prices during the crisis period than in the expansion period.
Board Capitals, R&D and Leverage Strategies on Financial Performance
Authors: Yeh Li-Jen , Kuo Hsien-Chang
Published: April 2021

Exactly how corporate boards influence their firms’ performance remains a puzzle. We construct a mediational model to observe the paths that board capitals affect firm’s key strategies (as R&D and leverage). Furthermore, we can estimate the direct and mediational influent level of board capitals on financial performance. For confirming those hypotheses in our study, the financial data of listed companies in Taiwan and Mainland China are collected. This study confirms that the education level and seniority of firm’s directors significantly influence the R&D intensity and financial leverage of corporates, furthermore affect firm performance. This mediational effects from R&D intensity and debt ratio are estimated about 22.31%~35.65% in Taiwan, and 25.46%~39.47% in Mainland China. We also find that the higher education level and the less seniority of the Boards lead to the more R&D intensity and the less debt ratio, then the better financial performance.
Okay:The Roadand The Good Guys' Adulthood Code
Authors: Hermansson Joakim
Published: April 2021

As the man and his eleven-year-old son walk through a post-apocalyptic wasteland in The Road, the dying father has to learn anew what it is to be adult in order to be able to pass that knowledge on to his son. In the novel, screenplay, and film alike the word “okay” is used in the dialogue in dramaturgical rhythms to emphasize thematically relevant instances. In this article, the hero's journey is applied as a structure together with a set of markers of adulthood to compare the rhetoric progression of adulthood in, above all, the screenplay and novel. The article concludes that the versions of The Road employ different rhetorical strategies to form distinct and complementing arguments about what it is to be adult.
Empirical Analysis of the Relationship Between the Development of China's Tourism Industry and Economic Growth Based on VAR Model
Authors: Zhang Lianfeng , Danko Yuriy , Wang Jianmin , Chen Zhuanqing
Published: April 2021

The relationship between tourism development and economic growth has been a hot topic in the field of tourism economy in recent years, and whether there is a long-term equilibrium relationship between tourism development variables and economic variables (usually GDP) is also a hot topic. By identifying the long-term equilibrium relationship between two variables, we can find the quantitative variation law (generally effect) of one variable with the other. Based on the vector autoregression of the time series data of China's tourism development from 2000 to 2019, it is found that there is a long-term equilibrium relationship between China's tourism foreign exchange income and domestic tourism gross income and their respective GDP, and the long-term effect is 99% respectively. Through the establishment of the VAR model for the development of China's tourism industry and economic growth, in the long run, they have a balanced relationship of mutual promotion, so as to further guide the development of China's tourism.
English Language Teaching, Vol. 14, No. 4, April 2021
Authors: Yu Gavin
Published: April 2021

English Language Teaching, Vol. 14, No. 4, April 2021
Cidadania infantil: questões contemporâneas e implicações para a participação da criança
Authors: Brostolin Marta Regina
Published: April 2021

Este texto se propõe a tecer algumas reflexões sobre a cidadania infantil na sociedade contemporânea a partir do construto teórico da Sociologia da Infância que compreende a criança como ator social, ser do presente, participativo e produtor de culturas e a infância como categoria geracional sócio-historicamente construída. A reflexão sustenta-se na constituição da criança cidadã. Parte dos caminhos percorridos entre a ideia da incapacidade e incompetência da criança numa visão perspectivada na modernidade, revisa o conceito de cidadania perpassando pela discussão proposta por Roger Hart (1992) denominada Escada de Participação Infantil,  para chegar ao estatuto de cidadania participativa que concebe a criança como sujeito social, implicando não só no reconhecimento formal de seus direitos, mas também nas condições do seu exercício de participação. A atualidade da temática volta-se para o imperativo da cidadania da infância, seu protagonismo e o potencial emancipador das experiências de participação das crianças nas pesquisas, nas escolas e nos espaços públicos frente aos desafios impostos pela sociedade contemporânea.
A criança como sujeito de direitos no pensamento de Boaventura de Sousa Santos: diálogos com a sociologia da infância e implicações para a pesquisa em educação
Authors: Girão Fernanda Michelle Pereira , Brandão Ana Carolina Perrusi
Published: April 2021

O artigo reflete sobre alguns pilares do pensamento de Boaventura de Sousa Santos tecendo conexões com os Estudos da Criança, sobretudo, no que se refere à Sociologia da Infância em sua vertente crítica. Dessa forma, retomamos conceitos elaborados pelo autor, tais como, a crítica à ciência moderna e a sociologia das emergências, dialogando principalmente com o quadro teórico proposto por Sarmento (2004; 2018). No artigo discutimos ainda a concepção de criança como sujeito de direitos e suas implicações para a pesquisa com foco na educação da primeira infância. Por fim, considerando a natureza argumentativa da cadeia de conceitos desenvolvida por Boaventura, que dá espaço ao contraditório e ao enfrentamento da hegemonia de discursos já formulados sobre a infância, sugerimos alguns alinhamentos entre a necessidade de repensar esse segmento geracional e a efetivação das condições para a sua emancipação social. Nessa direção, propomos a superação da visão universalista não apenas em relação à criança, como já tem sido indicado pela Sociologia da Infância crítica, mas também em relação à escola, dando visibilidade a experiências alternativas nesse espaço. Concluímos que o olhar descentralizado sobre a infância em diferentes contextos institucionais, incluindo ambientes escolares com outras formas de organização do tempo e do espaço, com outras lógicas na implementação de seus projetos políticos pedagógicos, pode nos oferecer novos subsídios para a construção de uma Pedagogia da Infância que, no Brasil, constitui um campo de pesquisa emergente.
Há vida na escola e escola na vida: algumas provocações a partir do projeto de lei “Escola Sem Partido”
Authors: Vieiras Rosinei Ronconi , Tristão Martha , Sepulcri Bruna Neitzel
Published: April 2021

O artigo em questão tem como objetivo principal problematizar e analisar a relação de congruência permanente entre escolasociedades, visando potencializar um processo de aprendizagem que seja/esteja voltado para a produção de outras relações, valorizando a pluralidade de experiências e conhecimentos existentes e constantes entre esses espaços. Nessas discussões, pensadores como Morin (1991), Santos (2010), Alves (2008) e Maturana (2009) correspondem a alguns dos intercessores teóricos com os quais procuramos nos envolver. Tendo como enfoque a proposta de lei denominada “Escola sem Partido”, que visa retroceder e “robotizar” o processo educacional e seus sujeitos, discute-se a relação da racionalidade hegemônica moderna, com sua perspectiva dualista e fragmentária de entendimento da realidade, com essa proposta de lei, cuja lógica comporta e implica a possibilidade de neutralidade da escola em relação ao que se passa na sociedade. Além disso, o artigo aborda, também, a necessidade urgente de um questionamento permanente da ideia dicotômica e reducionista com que é tratada a relação da escola com a sociedade, propondo, assim, a recusa a qualquer proposta/projeto ou mesmo modelo que submeta ou limite a liberdade do pensamento no ambiente escolar.
Coping with Stress and Sense of Efficacy, as well as Satisfaction with Life in Young Athletes - a Pilot Study
Authors: Basiaga-Pasternak Joanna , Cichosz-Dziadura Aneta
Published: April 2021

Introduction: In research on styles of coping with stress conducted among athletes has demonstrated various variables determining these styles, e.g. age [1], gender [2], and styles of thinking [3]. Factors responsible for effective coping with difficult situations are sought, and consequently, greater satisfaction with life. In the presented report, it was recognised that one of the variables related to effective coping and thus, with life satisfaction, is self-efficacy. Aim of research: In this work, it was decided to establish relationships between styles of coping with stress by athletes, their sense of self-efficacy and overall satisfaction with life, as well as the type of difficult situations experienced by them. Group and method: The study comprised 40 participants, 14 women and 26 men practicing sports, 1st-year students of the Faculty of Physical Education and Sports. The mean age was 20.43±1.22 years. Of the subjects, 25 people practiced individual disciplines, while 15 team sports. The questionnaire “Perception of difficult situations by adolescents in sport”, the Generalised Self-Efficacy Scale, the Satisfaction with Life Scale and the Coping In Stressful Situations Questionnaire were used. Results: The results showed a relationship between life satisfaction and the task-oriented style of coping with stress (positive correlation) as well as the emotional style of coping with stress, engaging in substitute activities, and stressful situations - except those related to academic stress (negative correlation); self-efficacy and the task-oriented (positive correlation) and emotional style of coping with stress (negative correlation) and sense of self-efficacy and satisfaction with life (positive correlation). Conclusion: There is a relationship between the styles of coping with stress and the level of satisfaction with life as well as the level of self-efficacy among individuals practicing sports.
A investigação sobre as tendências socioculturais e de consumo como uma nova perspectiva metodológica para a profissão publicitária
Authors: López Vilar María , Hellín Ortuño Pedro A.
Published: April 2021

Desde a década de 1980, o interesse investigativo e os avanços no campo das tendências socioculturais e de consumo vêm crescendo em nível internacional. Mas, até o momento, não existe nem uma metodologia nem um corpo de técnicas de investigação estabelecidas para tal atividade. É por essa razão que defendemos o estabelecimento e o consenso de uma metodologia juntamente com um conjunto de técnicas investigativas bem estruturadas para o desenvolvimento de pesquisas de tendências. Este artigo apresenta a análise de conteúdo e, posteriormente, um estudo comparativo dos métodos e técnicas utilizados até hoje pelos principais observatórios de tendências brasileiras e espanholas. É também um estudo dos setores de consumo na qual tal atividade é desenvolvida e das disciplinas que a servem. Estudo que estamos começando a estender a EE. UU, Reino Unido, França, Itália e Japão.
A Case Study on Goal Orientations for Teaching
Authors: Yıldızlı Hülya
Published: April 2021

The present research aimed to explore actions, views, and emotions in relation to teachers’ goal orientations and the reflection of goal orientations on their teaching practices. The study also aimed to compare whether there were differences among teachers’ practices based on their goal orientations. A case study design was adopted and 10 teachers who taught in different schools and school levels participated in the study. Those 10 teachers were grouped into two goal orientations; those with Learning-Mastery-Goal-Orientations (L-M-GO) and those with Learning-Mastery-Performance-Goal-Orientations (L-M-P-GO). A questionnaire and semi-structured interviews were held with teachers and the collected data were analysed using qualitative techniques. The results suggested while all teachers -regardless of their goal orientations- defined themselves as individuals who made efforts to learn, those with L-M-P-GO orientations experienced negative emotions and ideas in their learning journeys. Moreover, all teachers reported that there were certain cases where they avoided work. There were differences between teachers’ classroom practices and ideas based on their goal orientations.
Comparative Analysis of Electrospun Uniaxial and Coaxial Nanofibers Properties
Authors: Kızıldağ Nuray
Published: April 2021

Coaxial electrospinning, which is a modified electrospinning technique involving an arrangement of multiple solution feed systems, enable the production of multilayered nanofibers. In this study, multilayered nanofibers of polyamide 6 (core) / polycaprolactone (shell) containing silver nanoparticles in the core were produced by coaxial electrospinning method. UV-Visible spectra showed that the size of nanoparticles were about 10 nm and the content of nanoparticles were observed to be proportional to the precursor content added to the solvent. The obtained multilayered nanofibers were characterized in terms of morphology, chemical structure, and silver release properties. The multilayered nanofiber structure was confirmed by the selective dissolution and removal of shell layer. The increase in the PCL content of the multilayered nanofibers with the increase in the flow rate of the shell solution was confirmed by FTIR. The silver release profiles of the nanofibers were observed to be dependent on the nanofiber configuration, and silver content. Shell thickness was also an important parameter affecting the silver release properties for multilayered nanofibers.
Three km Track Time Trial Performance Changes after HIIT in Competitive Cross-Country Skiers
Authors: Winegarden Anneke , Lebrun Constance , Passfield Louis , Doyle-Baker Patricia
Published: April 2021

Background: Limited research surrounding sex differences in fatigue and performance after high intensity interval training (HIIT) exists in the field setting. While lab-based protocols provide a controlled environment, physiological mechanisms of fatigue and performance response in competitive athletes are best measured by time-trial (TT). Few studies, however, have investigated fatigue in TT performance while controlling for the menstrual cycle (MC). Objective: The study investigated the influence of sex and MC phase on 3km track TT performance after a HIIT session in Competitive Cross Country (XC) skiers. Methods: A quasi-experimental design was employed and athletes over the age of 16 years (30F, 9M), were recruited from across Canada and completed 3 days of testing/training: a 3km track TT on Day 1 and Day 3; and a HIIT session (4-8x, 800m) on Day 2. MC phase was verified by ovulation testing and salivary hormone samples; athletes were classified as either “Low Hormone” or “High Hormone” for analysis. Results: An overall improvement in performance from pre- to post-HIIT TTs occurred (p<0.01). No significant differences in TT performance after HIIT were observed between sexes (p=0.16) or MC phase (p=0.26). Conclusion: These results indicate that competitive XC skiers will likely experience an improvement in TT performance after a bout of HIIT. Coaches and athletes should plan their workouts prior to testing accordingly to maximize TT performance. These results also suggest that no special adjustments need to be considered for differences in performance after HIIT between sexes and MC phase, although further studies with a greater sample size and repeated testing are warranted.
From “Unbelievable Stupidity” to “Secret Clues for Staying Healthy”: CAM Landscape and Boundary-Work in Estonian and Finnish Mainstream Media in April 2020
Authors:   Estonian Literary Museum, Tartu, Estonia, Hiiemäe Reet , Utriainen Terhi ,   University of Turku, Finland
Published: April 2021

Based on a one-month (April 2020) comparative observation of media content in three Estonian and three Finnish mainstream media sources (two daily newspapers and one weekly women’s magazine) along with some examples from an earlier period, the authors analysed the representation of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) in the media. The analysis showed that the media from the two countries presented CAM both in its various mainstream and more fringe forms, and that pejorative as well as complimentary and attracting undertones were present. The authors conclude that CAM topics were present in the selection of sources as methods for wellbeing and healing but also as entertaining, exoticising, warning, and mystical-metaphorical allusions along with different levels of boundary-work, especially science. The authors also noted interesting differences between the chosen media both within one country and between the two countries in terms of how much CAM was present as well as in which ways it was treated. In the Estonian material, the scale of tones was broader: the texts presented highly sensational, exoticising and othering angles towards approaches that were considered extreme and dangerous but mainly entertainment-oriented, and they positively described healing and wellbeing practices, sometimes with a mystic touch. The Finnish media was more low-key in its representations and tone: the mentions were shorter and less frequent. Although the Finnish material had more positive representations, this does not suggest that CAM is more tolerated in Finland – the Finnish media presented less extreme forms of CAM, which gave less ground for journalistic opposition.
SAR Image Change Detection Based on Multi-scale Feature Extraction
Authors: Yuan Xiaoqian , Chen Chao , Tian Shan , Zhong Jiandan
Published: April 2021

In order to improve the contrast of the difference image and reduce the interference of the speckle noise in the synthetic aperture radar (SAR) image, this paper proposes a SAR image change detection algorithm based on multi-scale feature extraction. In this paper, a kernel matrix with weights is used to extract features of two original images, and then the logarithmic ratio method is used to obtain the difference images of two images, and the change area of the images are extracted. Then, the different sizes of kernel matrix are used to extract the abstract features of different scales of the difference image. This operation can make the difference image have a higher contrast. Finally, the cumulative weighted average is obtained to obtain the final difference image, which can further suppress the speckle noise in the image.
Colour Preferences of Elastic Ligatures among Orthodontic Patients
Authors: Aljabaa Aljazi H , AlMoammar Khalid , Al-Kharboush Ghada , Al-Dayel Rana M , Alsaloom Nouf S , Albarakati Sahar
Published: April 2021

Introduction: Elastic modules are an integral part of fixed appliances. The availability of different colours is important to patients and their compliance during treatment. Knowledge about the most popular colours is important to orthodontists when ordering their materials. Aim: This study aimed to determine the elastic ligature colour preferences of patients undergoing fixed orthodontic treatment and the influences of age and gender on these preferences. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was done on a total of 319 patients (88 males and 231 females) aged 18-36 years of age participated in this study. The patients’ elastic ligature colour preferences were recoded using a colour guide and a self-administered questionnaire. The questionnaire contained questions about the patients’ preferences regarding coloured or transparent ligatures, light or dark shades, and changing the ligatures for specific occasions. The data were analysed using SPSS version 25. The descriptive statistics were calculated, and a Pearson’s chi-squared analysis was performed to determine the influence of age and gender effects on colour preferences (p-value <0.05). Results: Most of the participants were excited about changing their elastic ligatures colours (44.5%), and they liked to change the colours at each visit (45.5%). Most participants did not like having multicoloured elastic ligatures in their mouths (77.4%) or changing the elastic colours before certain occasions (49.8%). There was no statistically significant difference in the elastic ligature colour preferences between the genders (p-value=0.0552), but there were statistically significant differences among the age groups (p-value <0.001). Conclusion: Most of the patients undergoing orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances preferred less noticeable elastic ligature colours. A significant difference was found between age groups: younger patients preferred coloured elastics, while older patients preferred less noticeable and transparent elastics. No difference was found between the colour preferences among both the gender.