bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fuel particles in consequences of the accident at the ChNPP
Authors:   Science and Technology Center “Amplituda” Ltd., Ermilov A. P.
Published: June 2021

As a result of the nuclear explosion at the fourth block of the Chornobyl NPP (ChNPP), the radioactive cloud containing an aerodispersed system with aerosols formed at the explosion appeared in air above the ChNPP territory. The accident occurred at the end of the reactor company before the assumed reloading of the active zone. Thus, the cloud composition included the products of fission and activation of uranium that were accumulated in the reactor fuel during the company. On that night, the east wind carried the radioactive cloud to the west, by leaving the aerosol fallouts on Earth’s surface as a radioactive trace. The results of the own studies (1986–1990) of aerosol fallouts on the west trace formed at once after the explosion at the ChNPP are presented. On this basis, the characteristics [physico-chemical forms, radionuclidic composition, activity median aerodynamic diameters (AMADs), etc.] of the aerodispersed system created at once after the explosion of the active zone of the reactor are reconstructed. In the frame of the respiratory model given in ICRP Publication 66, the contributions caused by the inhalation of fuel particles (microscopic particles which are fragments of exploded fuel elements and have conserved mainly their radionuclidic characteristics) to the doses of irradiation of parts of respiratory organs and gastrointestinal tract (GIT) are evaluated. It is shown that the cause for a mass cough in the summers of 1986 and 1987 on territories underwent the action of emergency fallouts was the inhalation of radionuclides of ruthenium in the form of RuO4 that was formed in “hot” particles contacting with air and then evaporated from them. The “hot” particles are compact inclusions formed by fission products. They consist mainly of atoms close to noble metals (molybdenum, ruthenium, rhodium, etc.) formed during a regular operating period in fuel tablets and released from the latter at the explosion of the active zone. The reasons for the disagreement between the clinic consequences and the ascribed values of the dose for the sufferers who were present in premises of the NPP at the emergency time and then died from acute radiation sickness in three-four weeks after the accident are explained.
Tantangan dalam Kegiatan Literasi Media di Indonesia
Authors: Guntarto Bobi
Published: June 2021

Perkembangan media dan teknologi komunikasi yang cepat menuntut khalayak untuk memiliki sejumlah pengetahuan dan keterampilan yang disebut dengan literasi media, agar dapat menggunakan media tersebut dengan benar. Untuk maksud tersebut, di berbagai wilayah di Indonesia cukup banyak dijumpai kegiatan Pendidikan Literasi Media yang diselenggarakan dengan format, materi, dan tujuan kegiatan yang sangat beragam. Penelitian ini berusaha mencari tahu bagaimana menjelaskan keterkaitan antara keragaman rumusan tujuan dalam kegiatan Pendidikan Literasi Media, dengan unsur-unsur penting dalam kecakapan literasi media. Pendekatan yang digunakan adalah kualitatif dengan sifat deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kebanyakan kegiatan Pendidikan Literasi Media di Indonesia belum memiliki konsistensi yang nyata antara tujuan yang ingin dicapai, dengan unsur-unsur penting dalam kecakapan literasi media. Artinya, pemahaman dan kajian konseptual mengenai literasi media masih belum cukup mendalam dilakukan oleh para penggiat. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat mendorong penelitian lanjutan berupa elaborasi teori dan konsep literasi media agar dapat diterjemahkan menjadi kurikulum Pendidikan Literasi Media. Penelitian ini juga diharapkan dapat mempertajam rumusan tujuan kegiatan, bentuk kegiatan, dan materi yang disampaikan dalam sebuah kegiatan Pendidikan Literasi Media.

Kata kunci: Literasi media, model kegiatan Pendidikan Literasi Media, literasi media di Indonesia.
Analisis Penyebab Terjadinya Digital Addiction pada Remaja Ditinjau dari Teori Media Entertainment
Authors: Noer Mochammad Kresna
Published: June 2021

Salah satu motivasi seseorang dalam mengkonsumsi media hiburan menurut Teori Media Entertainment oleh Peter Vorderer adalah untuk escapism, atau melarikan diri dari permasalahan dan kepenatan rutinitas sehari-hari. Sebagai contoh, ketika seseorang sedang jenuh maka tidak jarang ditemukan individu tersebut mengalihkan pikiran untuk mengurangi tingkat stress dengan bermain game, menonton televisi atau mendengarkan musik. Menurut teori tersebut, ekspektasi seseorang dalam mengkonsumsi hiburan adalah untuk mendapatkan pengalaman enjoyment. Motivasi escapism mengharapkan enjoyment experiences tidak hanya terjadi ketika pada saat bermain video games namun juga setelah memainkannya. Penelitian ini tidak hanya melihat bagaimana pengaruh motivasi escapism dalam mengkonsumsi hiburan namun juga ingin mengetahui bagaimana pengalaman seseorang sesaat setelah mengkonsumsi media hiburan tersebut. Pengujian tersebut didasarkan pada asumsi pengalaman seseorang pada saat mengkonsumsi media berbeda sesaat setelah berhenti mengkonsumsinya salah satunya adalah perasaan menyesal tidak memanfaatkan waktu dengan baik, lelah, semakin jenuh dan lain sebagainya.

Kata Kunci: media interaktif, adiksi digital, teori komunikasi
Perancangan Board Game Kolaboratif. Studi Kasus: Legenda Gunung Tondoyan
Authors: Mahatmi Nadia
Published: June 2021

Collaboration is one of the soft skills needed in the 21st century. One way to advance collaborative skills is to use a board game. It is common today to find board games for learning purposes. The design of this collaborative board game uses qualitative methods, namely literature studies, brainstorming, physical prototypes, software prototypes, and design documentation. With this research, it is hoped that it will help understand how to design a collaborative board game.

Keywords: board game; collaborative; prototype
Analisis Struktur Penceritaan Webtoon Horor Creep Episode 11
Authors: Fatha Basyarayni Mawla , Mansoor Alvanov Zpalanzani
Published: June 2021

Webtoon is a form of graphic narrative that interweaves words and images through panel arrangement like a printed comic. However, webtoon’s vertical orientation is one of the few differing factors that excludes webtoon from the printed comic category. Like other genres in fictional graphic narrative, horror webtoon also adjusts its narrative structure through some of webtoon’s building aspects. This research aims to find out how the horror atmosphere is built in a popular Indonesian horror webtoon titled Creep created by Ino Septian by examining one of the representative episodes.  This analysis is conducted by applying Zpalanzani's triangulation analysis model perfected by adding the structural affect theory of  stories by Brewer and Lichtenstein. The results of this study indicate that some building aspects of webtoon such as the gutter space, the vertical orientation of the canvas, and the arrangement of the text that connects each panel are utilized to build the horror narrative and atmosphere. These three aspects provide the readers with a more emotional experience of the horror itself.

Keywords: horror; webtoon; visual narrative
ҰНДЫ КОНДИТЕР ӨНДІРІСІНДЕ ДӘСТҮРЛІ ЕМЕС ШИКІЗАТТАРДЫ ҚОЛДАНУДЫҢ ТИІМДІЛІГІ
Authors: Әбдібек А.Ә. , Мулдабекова Б.Ж. , Якияева М.А. , Идаятов М.А. , Әбіл А.Ж.
Published: June 2021

Қазіргі таңда тағам өндірісі, соның ішінде кондитерлік өнімдер, инновациялық технологиялардың ең көп таралған объектілері болып табылады. Кондитер өндірісі-тамақ өнеркәсібінің ең тұрақты салаларының бірі. Оларды тағамдық құндылығы жоғары өнімдермен байыту үшін, дәстүрлі емес шикізаттарды пайдаланады. Тамақтану элементтерінің ішінде адам ағзасының өз ақуыздарын синтездеуге қажетті аминқышқылдарының көзі болып табылатын белоктар маңызды рөл атқарады. Ақуыздар-бұл барлық мүшелерді, гормондарды, ас қорыту шырындарын, ферменттерді және т.б. құрайтын пластикалық материал. Диеталық тамақтануда талшықтар да маңызды. Олардың тамақтанудағы рөлі әртүрлі: олар жалған қанықтыру әсерін жасайды, асқазан қабырғасына әсер етеді. Ішектен өткен кезде диеталық талшықтар адсорбциялық қасиеттерді көрсетіп, суды сақтай алатын кесек түзеді, нәтижесінде токсиндердің, ауыр металдардың тұздарының, бактериялардың, вирустардың концентрациясы төмендейді, ішек қабырғасының рецепторлары тітіркенеді, ішек транзиті жеделдейді [1-3]. Мақалада дәстүрлі емес шикізат ретінде: қант қызылша ұнтағы, жасымық ұны алынды. Созылмалы печеньенің жаңа түрі мен жасалу технологиясы құрастырылды. Зерттеу барысында дәстүрлі емес шикізаттардың созылмалы печеньенің органолептикалық көрсеткіштеріне әсер етуі анықталып, сапасы стандарттық талаптарға сай жасымық ұнының 10%-ы қосылған созылмалы печенье нұсқасы таңдалды.
PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND ANTIOXIDANT PROPERTIES OF HUMIC ACIDS OF LOW-MINERALIZED PELOIDS OF THE TUZKOL DEPOSIT
Authors: Кairbekov Zh.К. , Jeldybayeva I.M. , Аbilmazhinova D.Z. , Suimbayeva S.M.
Published: June 2021

As a result of studies it was found that the peloids of the deposit of Tuzkol Lake (Republic of Kazakhstan) are high quality medium-sulfide, weakly alkaline sludge muds. It was found that peloid-derived humic acid contains 49.63 % oxygen, 22.37% carbon, 9.65 % silicon and 6.26% calcium; it also contains Na, Mg, Al, Fe and an insignificant amount of S, Cl, K, F. Electron microscopy and IR spectroscopy analysis of the molecular structure of humic substances of peloids indicated that their macromolecule consists of framework olefinic and aromatic fragments with a substantial proportion of unoxidized aliphatic groups, as well as aromatic structures containing carboxyl groups. The findings of amperometric detection of the antioxidant properties of humic acids suggest that they have antioxidant activity, which will make it possible to use them as a biologically active substance for medicines.
DEVELOPMENT OF THE CONDITIONS FOR STORING THALLIUM AMALGAM
Authors: Mussina А.S. , Baitasheva G.U. , Myrzakhmetova N.О. , Tagabergenova Zh.A. , Gorbulicheva E.P.
Published: June 2021

It has been established that lNH2SO4 solution and distilled water can be used as a protective medium for a long-term storage (30-40 days) of thallium amalgam of eutectic composition (8.6 mas.%), without sliming of its surface and an insignificant change of its concentration. An inverse dependence between the decomposition reaction rate and the ratio of the solution volume per unit of the contact surface (V:S), which corresponds to the height of the liquid layer (h) above the amalgam, is observed. At h ~ 2.5 cm and higher, the reaction rate becomes stabilized. The value of metal loss during its storage for 10-15 days does not exceed 0.5-1.0 mas.% of the initial thallium content in the amalgam. It has been shown that the rate of dissolution of thallium from amalgam is rather low, and in sulfuric acid solution it is only slightly higher than that in water with all S:V ratios. A similar picture is observed upon thallium amalgam decomposition in the same media in an open vessel; the difference consists only in a higher K value (Table 4). Thus, with S:V = 1:2.5, in an open vessel K in lNH2SO4 makes up 10,5.1011 mol/cm2.sec, and in H2O – 7.3.1011 mol/cm2.sec, whereas in a closed vessel K in lNH2SO4 makes up 1,9.1011 mol/cm2. sec, and in H2O – 1.5.1011 mol/cm2.sec. For 40 days of thallium amalgam (8.54 mas.%) storage in 1NH2SO4 the loss of thallium has been 1.3 mas.%, and in the distilled water - 1 mas.%. The quantity of the dissolved metal increases in proportion to the experiment duration, which is characteristic for a zero-order reaction, and this dependence is observed for all S:V ratios from 1:1 to 1:7. Besides, a possibility to use some saturated hydrocarbons, wherein no sliming of thallium amalgam occurs, as a protective wash liquid has been shown.
PHYTONCIDES IN THE COMPOSITION OF COMMON BIRD CHERRY
Authors: Naguman P.N. , Zhorabek A.A. , Amanzholova A.S. , Kulakov I.V. , Rakhimbaeva A.N.
Published: June 2021

Everyone knows that forest air is very good for health, and one of the most important reasons for this is the presence of phytoncides in it, which kill or suppress pathogens and have a healing effect. Also, phytoncides are one of the factors of the natural immunity of plants (plants sterilize themselves with the products of their vital activity). Their large number is allocated by plants. One of them is the common bird cherry. Cherry-a representative of the genus of plums of the Rosaceae family. The view includes low trees and shrubs. Cheremukha-forest orderly. Its flowers and leaves are rich in phytoncides, thanks to which they exude an alluring aroma. However, when they break down, they release prussic acid, which is dangerous for all living things. This gave them the opportunity to attract and destroy pests. Phytoncides are volatile biologically active substances formed by plants that kill or inhibit the growth and development of bacteria, microscopic fungi, and protozoa. In addition to all of the above, bird cherry has exceptional properties. The strong, somewhat intoxicating scent of flowers and leaves cleanses the air of germs. Antimicrobial properties of phytoncides have led to a large number of studies on their use in medicine, veterinary medicine, plant protection, storage of fruit and vegetable products, in the food industry and other areas of practice. Almost all parts of the plant have bactericidal, fungicidal and insecticidal properties. In folk medicine, bird cherry has long been used as an astringent, fixing, anti-inflammatory and anti-scurvy agent. Bird cherry produces the most powerful phytoncides containing prussic acid. Protozoa die under the influence of bird cherry phytoncides in 5 minutes. On the basis of numerous studies, the time of death of protozoa after noncontact exposure to phytoncidal plants has been established. Especially a lot of phytoncides are released by young leaves in spring and summer, in autumn phytoncides are released much less. The presence of tannins and essential oil in the fruit has an anti-inflammatory effect, which is used to treat inflammatory processes in the gastrointestinal tract and dysentery. The infusion of cherry fruits has a destructive effect on microorganisms. Preparations of the fruits of the common cherry have an antiseptic effect. They are used in dental practice in the treatment of inflammatory processes of the oral mucosa, paradontosis, toothache and hypovitaminosis.
DEVELOPMENT OF EFFECTIVE CATALYSTS FOR PROCESSING C3-C4 HYDROCARBONS
Authors: Rasulov S.R. , Mustafayeva G.R.
Published: June 2021

The aim of the article is to study the effect of preparation and activation methods of a modified zeolite-containing catalyst on the activity and stability of catalytic properties displayed by it during the conversion of C3-C4 hydrocarbons. During the experiment, the industrial cracking catalyst OMNIKAT, which is a zeolite in the sodium form, was used as the initial one. Zinc, gallium, and REE (rare earth elements) were sequentially applied to decationized samples of this catalyst by ion exchange, impregnation, and dry mechanical mixing, and the effect of these methods on the catalytic properties of the zeolite-containing catalyst was observed. As a result of a comparative analysis of the regularities of aromatization of C3-C4 hydrocarbons, it was found that the mechanical mixing method is the most preferable, since it provides the best process performance. In order to improve the activity and stability of the catalysts, thermocouple and thermal activations were carried out during the preparation process. Further, differences were revealed for the thermocouple and thermal activation of the modified catalyst and their effect on the activity and selectivity of the zinc-galliumzeolite-containing catalyst with respect to ArH (aromatic hydrocarbons) in the process of conversion of C3-C4 hydrocarbons. The choice of these particular operations was dictated by the fact that preliminary thermal and thermal vapor treatment of the catalyst practically does not require significant capital expenditures, i.e., economically most acceptable. Regularities of reaction-regeneration cycles were established. Thus, the optimal technological parameters for the regeneration of catalytic compositions are: temperature - 600°C, atmospheric pressure, oxidizer - air feed rate - 2 h-1, which lead to the restoration of the activity and selectivity of the spent catalyst to the fresh level. Studies of the of oxidative regeneration process a zinc-gallium-zeolite-containing catalyst have shown that while maintaining a clearly regulated regeneration regime, the activity of the latter is restored. The main task of the research was the development of effective catalysts for the conversion of C3- C4 hydrocarbons. Therefore, in the first place, we compared the conversion rates and selectivity for ArH. The proposed catalyst is characterized by good operational properties (high activity and long service life), providing 59.2% by weight of the target product yield at 98.8% conversion of C3-C4 hydrocarbons.
SELECTION OF THE MASHING MODE IN THE PREPARATION OF BEER WORT BY USING THE WHEAT MALT
Authors: Tyan A. , Bayazitova M.M.
Published: June 2021

In recent years, according to the sharp increase in the number of breweries and high competition on the consumer market, it is very important to extend the raw material base of the industry and the range of produced beer from the recommended raw materials. One of the ways to expand the raw material base of breweries is developing recommendations for the use of new zoned varieties of barley, in particular as well as the use of special malts, wheat malt, the development of new recipes and technologies for beer producing. As it is known, barley, wheat, rye, and malt produced from these cereal crops are processed to a greater extent at present. Along with traditional types of cereals, such cereals as amaranth, buckwheat, triticale, sorghum, oats, etc. are used. Among the listed alternative crops, wheat should be noted as the most promising type of cereal raw materials. Wheat (Triticum) is an herbaceous annual plant of the cereal family. Hard wheat (T. durum) and soft wheat (T. aestivum) are the most important. Both species are holo-grain, i.e., the grain is covered with fruiting and seed shells, fused and consisting of several layers of cells, and do not have flower (chaff) shells. At present time, high-yielding winter and spring wheat (T.aestivum) is mainly cultivated. This species has loose floury grains and rather low protein content. It should be noted that unmalted wheat is rarely used in brewing. This is because that the use of this cereal as unmalted material leads to significant deviations in the technological process, in particular, the filtration of wort and beer slows down, reduces the colloidal stability of the final product. At the same time, as a raw material for malt, wheat has some advantages over barley. The article deals with the effect of different amounts of wheat malt on the mashing process, the percentage of mashing and mashing modes of barley and wheat malt are selected experimentally.
SYNTHESIS OF CARBON NANOFIBERS BASED ON HUMIC ACID AND POLYACRYONITRILE BY ELECTROSPINNING METHOD
Authors: Yermagambet B.T. , Kazankapova M.K. , Nauryzbayeva A.T. , Kassenova Zh.M.
Published: June 2021

The article describes a method for obtaining carbon nanofibers (CNFs) based on humic acid from oxidized coal of the Maikuben basin and polycarlonitrile (PAN) by electrospinning in laboratory conditions. The value of the interelectrode voltage was 20-25 kV. The elemental composition was determined and the surface morphology of the studied sample was studied, the type of modification of the carbon fiber was revealed. As a result of energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), the chemical composition of the initial CNF (C-48.73%) and the diameter of carbon fibers, which ranged from 148.6 nm to 1.36 μm, were found. The processes of oxidation and carbonization of the obtained samples were also carried out. The elemental composition of carbon after oxidation and carbonization was 87.75 and 89.16%, respectively, the diameter of the fibers was 117.5 nm -1.03 microns. The results of Raman scattering of light (RS) of carbonized CNF showed the degree of graphitization - 23.97%, the ratio I (D) / I (G) = 0.7, I (G) / I (D) = 1.4. The resistance of this material was 27 ohms. On the basis of SEM patterns of CNFs based on humic acid and PAN, it was found that the structure of the sample after oxidation and carbonization retains the original fibrous structure. It was also found that the diameter of nanofibers decreases from 1 μm to 117.5 nm, which may be associated with the release of volatile and heterogeneous components of the original product and the formation of a more structural thin porous filament.
GEOMECHANICAL MODELING OF STRUCTURES OIL AND GAS FIELDS
Authors: Zhantayev Zh. Sh. , Zholtayev G. Zh. , Iskakov B. , Gaipova А.
Published: June 2021

The presence of areas of accumulation of hydrocarbons in the sedimentary strata is genetically related both to the conditions of sedimentation and to secondary changes in the properties of the geological environment, caused along with other and geodynamic processes. At the same time, it is the stress-strain state that is the key characteristic of the environment, the analysis of which makes it possible to predict the influence of geodynamic factors that cause deformation processes in the sedimentary stratum, on the formation of zones of decompaction and increased fracturing, areas of increased filtration-capacity properties of reservoir rocks, the direction of natural migration of hydrocarbons. Using the example of 3D seismic data obtained at the Akshabulak area, the possibility of integrating geomechanical modeling and additional express analysis of seismic data in solving problems related to determining the probable places of accumulations and directions of natural migration of hydrocarbons is shown.
ASSESSMENT OF LAND RESOURCE POTENTIAL AND SOLID WASTE RECYCLING METHODS
Authors: Kaliyeva N.А. , Akbassova А.D. , Mehmet Ali Ozler , Sainova G.A.
Published: June 2021

This paper analyzes the environmental load exerted by the solid waste landfills of Turkistan and Kentau cities and the villages of the Sauran district of the Turkistan region. The data of morphological analysis of MSW composition stored in the territories of these landfills are presented. This paper aims to present the possibility of reducing the amount of some waste types deposited at landfills on the basis of their direct use as secondary raw materials for various purposes. The possibility of using solid waste components in greenhouses and other facilities construction has been shown by recycling plastic and glass bottles, as well as other industrial waste. On the basis of experimental data, it was concluded that with widespread introduction of waste recycling, by saving materials, it will make it possible to reduce the cost of economic facilities construction and to minimize the harmful impact of waste on environment.
IMPROVING THE METHODS OF MILLING GAUGE ON HIGHWAYS
Authors: Kozbagarov R.A. , Kamzanov N.C. , Akhmetova Sh.D. , Zhusupov K.A. , Dainova Zh.Kh.
Published: June 2021

Machines for milling asphalt concrete surfaces appeared on the highways of the Republic of Kazakhstan about ten years ago. Before that, the replacement of the old asphalt pavement took place under the deafening crack of jackhammers. Road cutters made it possible to replace this outdated technology with profiling of asphalt concrete surface. This type of work consists in removing the asphalt coating layer by cold milling. Typical characteristics of the road milling cutter: working speed of 5-7 m /min, sufficient power, traction and stability to ensure accurate maintenance of the working depth from 3.5 mm to 5 cm; automatic leveling system using a leveling beam or string; automatic control of the milling depth using guide slides; the ability to maintain a given transverse slope; auxiliary equipment for the selection of crushed material (asphalt granulate) at a given processing speed; the width of the working area of the milling strip is 2-4 m. Profiling of old asphalt pavement is an automatically controlled process of cold milling it to restore a given transverse and longitudinal profile, remove bumps, potholes, wear zones, as well as other coating defects, and as a result, obtain a surface that allows for the immediate start of movement or the laying of a fresh coating. Modern road cutters allow you to plan the old coating, texture its surface, giving it the lost coupling and noise protection properties, remove the old coating layer by layer (with an accuracy of up to mm) or immediately to the full depth, carefully open the places of laying underground pipelines and communication lines, release the old coating manholes and even level concrete floors in industrial premises. In this paper, this problem is supposed to be solved by presenting the road cutter as an automated road transport and technological manipulator operating in generalized technological coordinates for the repair of road surfaces with variable track age and due to the transition from elastic (power) to rigid (coordinate) closure of the technological scheme for milling track gauges.
CAUSES AND ANALYSIS OF WATER ENCROACHMENT OF SOME OFFSHORE FIELDS PRODUCTS OF AZERBAIJAN
Authors: Sudaba Novruzova , Elmira Gadashova , Ahmed Fariz
Published: June 2021

The results of researches of the water encroachment of some offshore fields (Neft Dashlary, Guneshli, Pirallahi, Darwin Banka, Apsheron Banka, Western Apsheron, etc.) of the Republic of Azerbaijan, most of which are at a late stage of development, have been presented. These fields are represented by weakly cemented and loose reservoirs of heterogeneous structure, in which there is an uneven fluid flow. Water breakthrough occurs through high-permeability layers, and layers with low permeability are involved in development to a less extent. Subsequent attempts to involve them in the development process cause an irrational increase in the volume of injected water, which leads to product encroachment. The type of reservoir, characterized by the presence of fracture zones, contributing to the flow of water from the aquifers to the producing wells, as well as improving their hydrodynamic connection with the injection wells, also contributes to the growth of the rate of watering. The geological and technological reasons for the water encroachment have been determined. The heterogeneity of the above mentioned deposits has been proven. It is indicated that an additional reason for the early water encroachment of production wells is the violation of the annulus tightness. Maintaining high rates of oil production is achieved by bringing in new production wells, while most of the watered wells are retired from operation without having exhausted their potential. It is proposed to carry out the measures that will ensure isolation of the most washed out zones and depleted areas of the main productive layer of the field. Methods of selective water isolation and flow diversion technologies should be carried out, first of all, in wells with an increased density of current reserves in order to obtain additional oil production and increase the oil recovery factor, as well as in wells with a high fluid flow rate.
MODIFICATION OF COATINGS BASED ON Al2O3 WITH CONCENTRATED ENERGY FLOWS
Authors: Rakhadilov B.K. , Buitkenov D.B. , Kowalewski P. , Stepanova O.A. , Kakimzhanov D.
Published: June 2021

This paper presents the study results of structural-phase composition and mechano-tribological properties of Al2O3 coatings after exposure of concentrated energy flows. Revealed that the treated coatings are generally characterized by high microhardness compared to the initial coating. Determined that after treatment with detonation and air-plasma action is observed an increase in the intensity of α-Al2O3 reflexes. Established that the increasing hardness of detonation coatings is associated with an increasing density of the material and the recovery of the α-phase Al2O3 in the composition of the protective layer under the influence of thermal activation of the surface. Determined that after treatment with detonation and plasma exposure is observed an increase in the intensity of reflexes α-Al2O3. Established that the treatment with detonation and air-plasma action leads to a decrease in the friction coefficient. The obtained data indicate that the tribological characteristics of coating based on aluminium oxide can be improved by exposure to concentrated energy flows. Established that coatings treated with plasma action showed high tribological properties.
Precautionary Principle in the Court Settlement of Civil Environmental Cases
Authors: Aminudin Cecep , Fakhriah Efa Laela , Nurlinda Ida , Ikhwansyah Isis
Published: June 2021

In recent years, the precautionary principle has begun to enter legal decision-making in Indonesian civil courts. This introduction is in line with environmental cases that often involve much scientific evidence. This article aims to describe theoretical elaboration and, to a certain extent, legal developments in the application of the precautionary principle in the settlement of civil environmental cases in Indonesia. The precautionary principle provides a framework for environmental decision-making in the event of scientific uncertainty. The theoretical elaboration shows a wide dimension of influence of the precautionary principle on the system of liability and proof. In comparison, the court cases also show the application of the precautionary principle in the liability system and proof despite still in its weak version.
Wide-aperture back-scattering detector (BSD) for the High-Resolution Fourier Diffractometer (HRFD) at the IBR-2 reactor
Authors: Kruglov V.V. , Balagurov A.M. , Belova M.O. , Bobrikov I.A. , Bogdzel A.A. , Bodnarchuk V.I. , Bulavina V.V. , Daulbaev O. , Drozdov V.A. , Zhuravlev V.V. , Kirilov A.S. , Kulikov S.A. , Kurilkin A.K. , Milkov V.M. , Murashkevich S.M. , Podlesnyy M.M. , Prikhodko V.I. , Churakov A.V. , Shvetsov V.V.
Published: June 2021

The high-resolution Fourier diffractometer (HRFD) operates at the IBR-2 pulsed reactor, on which the correlation method of data registering has been implemented using a fast Fourier chopper and specialized electronics. A wide-aperture ring back-scattering detector for HRFD has been developed. The detector consists of six [Formula: see text]-scintillation rings, each one of which is divided into 12 sections. Main parameters of this detector: covered solid angle [Formula: see text]; [Formula: see text] sr; average absorption efficiency [Formula: see text], geometric contribution to resolution [Formula: see text]. The concept of a detector and its data acquisition system are presented.
Expert System to Diagnose Computer Hardware Damage Using Artificial Neural Networks
Authors: Arifin Muhammad Miftakhul , Utomo Yudo Bismo
Published: June 2021

Kerusakan hardware komputer terkadang menjadi masalah besar ketika user yang awam tidak mengetahui letak kerusakan hardware komputer mereka, maka dibutuhkan sistem yang mampu bekerja otomatis untuk memberikan solusi kerusakan hardware komputer. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merancang sebuah sistem yang dapat digunakan untuk menangani kerusakan hardware komputer. Pengguna aplikasi ini seolah-olah berhadapan langsung dengan pakar dibidang hardware khususnya komputer. Perencanaan sistem dilakukan dengan membuat knowledge base menggunakan aturan if-then sebagai representasi pengetahuan. Sistem dibuat dengan meenggunakan metode backpropagation dan menggunakan android studio sebagai IDE untuk mendesain interface sekaligus untuk membuat aplikasi sistem pakar ini. Hasil penelitian ini mengungkapka kerusakan hardware yang terjadi pada sebuah komputer serta solusi dari kerusakan tersebut. Pengujian aplikasi juga dilakukan untuk mengetahui akurasi dan fleksibilitas sistem. Hasil dari keseluruhan pengujian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa program sudah cukup baik walaupun jenis kerusakan yang dihasilkan belum lengkap karena pada sistem ini mendeteksi 6 jenis hardware komputer secara umum, serta tingkat keakurasian dari aplikasi sistem pakar ini sebesar 80%, serta tingkat efisiensi sistem pakar sebesar 77,7 % dari pakar dan 82,03 % dari user.
Synthesis reactions of neutron-rich isotopes of light elements
Authors: Penionzhkevich Yu.E.
Published: June 2021

One of the most complicated problems of experimental nuclear physics is the synthesis of exotic nuclei near the boundaries of stability. These nuclei, as a rule, are 10 or more neutrons away from stable nuclei, have a short lifetime (less than 1 ms) and low binding energy. All this determines special requirements to the choice of reactions for the synthesis of such nuclei and the method of their transportation and registration. Mainly, for the synthesis of exotic nuclei, reactions of fragmentation of the bombarding heavy ion, direct reactions of the types (p, d) , (d, p) , (d, n) , ( d , 3 He), etc., as well as reactions of fission and deep inelastic transfer are used.
Prof. Dr. Doğan Taner’s Role in The Foundation Years of Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine and His Perspective on the Medical Education
Authors: Fırat Ayşegül
Published: June 2021

Prof. Dr. Doğan Taner’s Role in The Foundation Years of Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine and His Perspective on the Medical Education
Niche Sport Sponsorship: Providing the Target Market Sponsors Want?
Authors: Greenhalgh Greg , Martin Tiesha , Smith Allison
Published: June 2021

Abstract: Professional niche sports are tremendously reliant on the resources received via corporate sponsorship as they are unlikely to attract substantial revenue via media contracts, ticket sales, or merchandise sales, especially when compared to mainstream sports. Furthermore, niche sports are vying for the same corporate support as their more established mainstream counterparts. However, niche sports have been found to have the ability to provide sponsors with a more specific demographic of fans compared to mainstream sports. If that demographic aligns with a corporation’s target market, the value of this relationship could increase substantially. Yet, the findings of the current study revealed nearly 60% of the 67 sponsors of two different niche sport teams indicated their target market included all of the categories provided for sex, ethnicity, education, and income, even though results also indicated the two teams were attracting statistically significant different fan bases: from a demographic perspective.
ОБЛІК БІБЛІОТЕЧНИХ ФОНДІВ
Authors: Качмар Оксана , Герчанівська Світлана , Сливінська Оксана
Published: June 2021

У статті досліджено систему обліку бібліотечних фондів у сучасних умовах. Узагальнено об’єкти і одиниці обліку бібліотечних фондів за трьома групами згідно чинного законодавства: видання, аудіовізуальні документи, електронні видання. Визначено вимоги, які висуваються до обліку бібліотечного фонду. В системі облікового механізму бібліотечних фондів виділено три види обліку: бібліотечний, бухгалтерський і статистичний. Доведено, що бібліотечний облік фонду ведеться з метою встановлення кількості документів у підрозділах та по бібліотеці в цілому, він показує порядок надходження документів та їхнє вибуття, забезпечує контроль за зберіганням, наявністю та рухом документів, сприяє оптимальному формуванню і використанню бібліотечного фонду. Бухгалтерський облік фонду ведеться сумарно і здійснюється шляхом реєстрації надходження та вибуття документів бібліотечного фонду на підставі первинних документів, що надаються до бухгалтерії. Статистичний облік встановлює точні дані про розмір, склад та рух бібліотечного фонду для складання статистичної звітності. Усі ці види обліку взаємопов’язані та доповнюють один одного.
КОРПОРАТИВНА РЕСТРУКТУРИЗАЦІЯ ПІДПРИЄМСТВ ЯК ІНСТРУМЕНТ КОРПОРАТИВНОГО УПРАВЛІННЯ
Authors: Хромушина Людмила
Published: June 2021

У статті розглянуто теоретичні та методологічні аспекти корпоративної реструктуризації підприємств як інструменту корпоративного управління. Проведено огляд основних нормативних актів, які регламентують процес реструктуризації вітчизняних підприємств. Наведено сучасні ключові підходи до поняття реструктуризації, визначено її мету, систематизовано причини та мотиви здійснення корпоративної реструктуризації у формі реорганізації підприємств. Розглянуто особливості та мотивацію здійснення реорганізації підприємств у напрямі укрупнення. З’ясовано поточний стан ринку угод злиття та поглинання (M&A) в Україні. Визначено особливості та мотивацію здійснення реорганізації у напрямі подрібнення підприємств. Наведена характеристика перетворення підприємств як різновиду реорганізації.
ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ЗАСТОСУВАННЯ МОДЕЛІ УПРАВЛІННЯ ЗА СЛАБКИМИ СИГНАЛАМИ
Authors: Милько Інна
Published: June 2021

Стаття присвячена визначенню особливостей застосування моделі управління за слабкими сигналами. Визначено сутність концепції управління за слабкими сигналами, актуальність її застосування у сучасних динамічно змінних умовах. Пояснено застосування матриці оцінки рівня нестабільності зовнішнього середовища при виборі виду стратегічного управління. Запропоновано методики для моніторингу зовнішнього середовища підприємства та орієнтовні цільові параметри оцінки слабких сигналів зміни умов зовнішнього і внутрішнього середовищ підприємства за окремими сферами прояву. Виділено два варіанти відповіді на зовнішні сигнали: реакція, що базується на регулярному плануванні та ситуаційна реакція на надзвичайні зміни. Описано етапи формування інформаційно-аналітичної системи на підприємстві.
Entornos virtuales de aprendizaje adoptados en la universidad ante el COVID-19
Authors:   Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Delgado Sánchez Ulises , Martínez Flores Fernanda Gabriela ,   Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos
Published: June 2021

La educación en tiempos de crisis se ha presentado por diversas causas, entre las cuales destaca la sanitaria. Actualmente, el mundo vive una pandemia por coronavirus que ha llevado a las instituciones educativas a suspender las clases presenciales en la mayor parte del mundo. En este contexto, nuestro objetivo fue identificar los entornos virtuales de aprendizaje (EVA) a los que han recurrido profesores y alumnos de educación superior ante esta situación, revelando las correlaciones entre estos y las prácticas educativas. Participaron 425 estudiantes de diversas universidades, se les aplicó el Cuestionario de Prácticas Educativas Virtuales por COVID-19; encontrándose principalmente que los docentes recurrieron al uso de plataformas virtuales institucionales, así como la mensajería móvil instantánea y medios asíncronos de comunicación personal complementarios. Se encontró que el apoyo de los EVA institucionales está correlacionado con la retroalimentación a los alumnos, por lo que pueden considerarse EVA eficaces. Estos resultados permiten reconocer que han sobresalido algunos EVA formales y otros informales o de uso personal, que en menor medida también han dado soporte a las tareas educativas.
An Investigation on the Translation of Asâs al-Iqtibâs fi'l-Mantık, which was translated into Arabic by Mullā Ḫüsrev by the Order of Mehmed II the Conqueror
Authors: Özpilavcı Ferruh
Published: June 2021

The Islamic world in the 13th century is a very scientifically productive period, when great logicians and great works emerged in terms of logic. Undoubtedly, one of the leading figures of this century in the field of philosophy and logic is the great mathematician, logician and philosopher Nasīr al-Dīn al-Tūsī (d. 1274). Al-Tūsī, who has produced many valuable works, has written his work named Asâs al-Iqtibâs fi'l-Mantık. (The Basis of Acquisition). It has been modeled on the famous encyclopedic philosophical work of Ibn Sīnā-Avicenna (d. 1037), the first nine books of Kitâb al-Şifā (The Cure) on logic. The work has been among the masterpieces of the history of Islamic logic with its competent expression and original contributions, encompassing all matters up to its age. Ottoman Sultan Mehmed II The Conqueror (r. 1451-1481), who carried out important activities in the scientific and cultural field as well as his achievements in the political field, ordered this important work of logic written in Persian to be translated into Arabic from Shaykh al-Islam Mullā Ḫüsrev (d. 1480) in order to have a more common and useful functionality. In addition, Mullā Ḫüsrev, who was also a great jurist and logician, successfully completed this important task and presented his translation to the Sultan. Many copies of this translation have survived, the translator himself wrote two of which. In this article, the work named Esâsu’l İktibâs fi'l-Mantık and its translation in question have been examined and evaluated.
Getting Used To Sins: Looking At the Conditions of Customer Problems in the Context of Habit and Sin
Authors: Çevik İsmail
Published: June 2021

There are experiences and accumulations that people have, consciously or unconsciously, throughout their life. These achievements are generally defined by names such as habit, moderation, temperament, and angel. While behaviors that are liked and praised by other members of the society are accepted, behaviors that are not approved are considered bad. Our habits are indispensable elements of daily life. Since they emerge without thinking and planning rather than being conscious, it makes life easier, practical and fluid. Although it is positive to make moral behavior and virtues a habit, when considered in the context of religious thought and worship life, over time, consciousness / consciousness disappears and can become actions taken without thought. When awareness and consciousness are disabled, religious thought and lifestyle show signs of degeneration. The way of life shaped by habit causes some behaviors that are seen as minor sins in the flow of daily life to be perceived as if there is no religious drawback in practice. Instead of shaping their lives in the light of the Qur'an and circumcision, people develop a unique perception of religion that begins to believe as they live. Verses and hadiths are understood beyond their real meaning with interpretations and compelling interpretations, where weak fatwas are accepted as sources. This situation leads the Muslim community to points that can produce dire consequences in terms of belief. In this study, habits-specific evaluations and determinations will be presented regarding these issues.
Production of Rosuvastatin Calcium Nanoparticles Using Gas Antisolvent Technique
Authors: Najafi Mohammad , Esfandiari Nadia , Honarvar Bizhan , Arab Aboosadi Zahra
Published: June 2021

The activity of pharmaceutical substances crucially depends on the bioavailability of the substances. The bioavailability of drugs in body and their rate of dissolution in the biological fluids are increased if the particle size is decreased. In the present paper, the Gas Anti-Solvent (GAS) method was used to lower the size of rosuvastatin particles. The effects of temperature (313–338 K), pressure (105–180 bar) and initial solute concentration (20–60 mg/ml) were evaluated by Response Surface Methodology (RSM). The optimum initial solute concentration, temperature and pressure were found to be 20 mg/ml, 313 K and 180 bar, respectively which resulted in the minimum particle size. Furthermore, the particles were characterized by Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS), Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD). The analyses showed that the rosuvastatin particles (60.3 nm) precipitated by GAS process become significantly smaller than the initial particles (45.8 µm).
Officers as Creditors during the Ingrian War (1609–1617)
Authors: Björklund Jaakko
Published: June 2021

This chapter illustrates how the officers of the Swedish army largely financed the Ingrian War (1609–1617), in which the Swedes conquered the provinces of Ingria and Kexholm from Russia. As half a century of almost uninterrupted warfare had emptied the treasuries of the Swedish Realm, and as it was simultaneously fighting another war against the Danes, the Ingrian War became almost a private enterprise of the high officers of the army. The article shows that, without the officers, their capital and connections, and their willingness to finance the warfare, the Ingrian War would have ended in catastrophe, instead of becoming one of the founding stones of Sweden’s Age of Greatness.
Aversión al riesgo de las empresas familiares: implicaciones de precaución
Authors: Chacha-Armas Héctor , Pincay-Vinces Nedcy , Vizcaino-Villavicencio Viviana
Published: June 2021

El presente trabajo tiene el objetivo de explorar los limitantes de la aversión al riesgo en las empresas familiares. De igual manera, se sugiere cómo se puede lograr un equilibrio entre la asunción de riesgos y su aversión, con relación a los objetivos no económicos típicos de las familias de dirección. El método utilizado es cualitativo de orden teórico fundamentado, pues, se expone una de las realidades problemáticas que enfrentan las empresas pequeñas o familiares con relación a la inyección de capital, vinculación de terceros y oportunidades de crecimiento desperdiciadas. El resultado implicante reveló que, los gerentes de empresas familiares (lideres) exhiben aversión al riesgo, lo cual, denota como factor de peligro y supervivencia a largo plazo de la organización. Sin embargo, se sugiere equilibrar la toma de riesgos mediante la inclusión de conocimiento externo y capital.
O papel da escola na saúde bucal de crianças em idade escolar: Estudo Piloto
Authors: Santos Thais Dias dos , Sousa Luisa Catarina Porfírio de , Oliveira Leila Chevitarese de , Vidal Katiana
Published: June 2021

Objetivo: Avaliar o papel da escola na educação em saúde bucal de crianças em idade escolar, abrangendo toda a equipe pedagógica. Métodos: A pesquisa exploratória se deu através da aplicação de questionários direcionados para a equipe educacional da escola, a fim de obter os dados no formato de entrevista. Os dados foram transportados para o Google formulários, seguido da geração de uma planilha e gráficos fornecidos pelo próprio software. Resultados: Foi avaliado um total de 11 voluntários pertencentes a equipe escolar. As porcentagens encontradas foram altas no que diz respeito ao tema: atuação da escola como parceira dos pais na instrução de higiene bucal, somada aos resultados otimistas quanto ao conhecimento prévio e autocuidado dos entrevistados. Conclusão: Foi possível perceber que a escola desempenha um papel importante na educação em saúde bucal, e que atua como uma importante ferramenta de políticas públicas para o controle e combate às doenças cárie e periodontal, tornando-se indispensável, em especial no grupo de polarização.