bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Interplay between the DNA Damage Response (DDR) Network and the Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase (MAPK) Signaling Pathway in Multiple Myeloma
Authors: Malamos Panagiotis , Papanikolaou Christina , Gavriatopoulou Maria , Dimopoulos Meletios A. , Terpos Evangelos , Souliotis Vassilis L.
Published: May 2024

The DNA Damage Response (DDR) network and the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway are crucial mechanisms for the survival of all living beings. An accumulating body of evidence suggests that there is a crosstalk between these two systems, thus favoring the appropriate functioning of multi-cellular organisms. On the other hand, aberrations within these mechanisms are thought to play a vital role in the onset and progression of several diseases, including cancer, as well as in the emergence of drug resistance. Here, we provide an overview of the current knowledge regarding alterations in the DDR machinery and the MAPK signaling pathway, as well as abnormalities in the DDR-MAPK functional crosstalk in multiple myeloma, the second most common hematologic malignancy. We also present the latest advances in the development of anti-myeloma drugs targeting crucial DDR- and MAPK-associated molecular components. These data could potentially be exploited to discover new therapeutic targets and effective biomarkers, as well as for the design of novel clinical trials. Interestingly, they might provide a new approach to increase the efficacy of anti-myeloma therapy by combining drugs targeting the DDR network and the MAPK signaling pathway.
Trace Metals in Phytoplankton: Requirements, Function, and Composition in Harmful Algal Blooms
Authors: Manic Dolly , Redil Richard , Rodriguez Irene
Published: May 2024

In a constantly changing environment brought about by the climate crisis and escalated anthropogenic perturbations driven by the growing population, harmful algal bloom dynamics and their impacts are expected to shift, necessitating adaptive management strategies and comprehensive research efforts. Similar to primary productivity, HABs have been thought to be driven primarily by major nutrients such as N, P, and Si. However, recent investigations on the role and importance of micronutrients as limiting factors in aquatic environments have been highlighted. This paper provides a review of metal and phytoplankton interactions, with a specific emphasis on pertinent information on the influence of trace nutrients on growth, toxin production, and other underlying mechanisms related to the dynamics of HABs. Low to near-depleted levels of essential nutrients including Fe, Cu, Zn, Se, Mn, Co, and Mo, negatively impact cell growth and proliferation of various marine and freshwater HAB species. However, evidence shows that at elevated levels, these trace elements along with other non-essential ones, could still cause toxic effects to certain HAB species manifested by decreased photosynthetic activities, oxidative stress, ultrastructure damage, and cyst formation. Interestingly, while elevated levels of these metals mostly result in increased toxin production, Co (i.e., yessotoxins, gymnodimine, and palytoxins) and Mn (i.e., isodomoic acid, okadaic and diol esters) enrichments revealed otherwise. In addition to toxin production, releasing dissolved organic matter (DOM) including dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and humic substances was observed as an adaptation strategy, since these organic compounds have been proven to chelate metals in the water column, thereby reducing metal-induced toxicity. Whilst current research center on free metal toxicity of specific essential elements such as in Cu and Zn, a comprehensive account of how trace metals contribute to the growth, toxin production, and other metabolic processes under conditions reflective of in-situ scenarios of HAB-prone areas, would yield new perspectives on the roles of trace metals in HABs. With the growing demands of the global population for food security and sustainability, substantial pressure is exerted on the agriculture and aquaculture sector, highlighting the need for effective communication of information regarding the interactions of macro- and micronutrients with HABs to improve existing policies and practices.
Energy Consumption Analysis and Characterization of the Residential Sector in the US Towards Sustainable Development
Authors: Bawaneh Khaled , Das Samir , Rasheduzzaman Md
Published: May 2024

In 2023, residential and commercial sectors together consumed approximately 27.6% of total U.S. energy, equivalent to about 20.6 quadrillion Btu. Factoring in the electrical system energy losses, the residential sector represented approximately 19.7% of total U.S. energy consumption during that time. There were approximately 144 million housing units in the United States in 2023, which is increasing yearly. In this study, information on energy usage in the United States (U.S.) residential sector has been analyzed and then represented as energy intensities to establish benchmark data and to compare energy consumption of varying sizes and locations. First, public sources were identified, and data from these previously published sources were aggregated to determine the energy use of the residential sector within the US. Next, as part of this study, the energy data for seven houses/apartments from five different United States climate zones were collected firsthand. That data was analyzed, and the energy intensity of each home was calculated and then compared with the energy intensities of the other homes in the same states using RECS data. The energy intensity for each facility was calculated based on the actual energy bills. Finally, the study evaluated the carbon footprint associated with residential energy consumption in all 50 states to reinforce the importance of sustainable development initiatives.
Advancements and Innovations in Antenna Design for Transmission Lines
Authors: Marasigan Eugene Andrei , Peria Rodmar , Arboleda Edwin
Published: May 2024

Examining contemporary developments and cutting-edge approaches in the field, this literature review explores how antenna design for transmission lines is changing. Review findings are compiled from a variety of academic sources, including pertinent technical reports published as recently as 2018, conference papers, journal articles, and reports. A variety of antenna topologies suited for transmission lines are evaluated in this paper, including microstrip, slot, and patch antennas, with a focus on theoretical frameworks and practical implementations. This overview clarifies the complex relationship between antenna design and transmission line characteristics by looking at important factors like impedance matching, bandwidth, and radiation pattern management. Notable developments in materials, fabrication methods, and numerical simulations are also examined and their effects on antenna performance explained. Through a comprehensive analysis of the literature, this review offers valuable insights into the state-of-the-art antenna design practices for transmission lines, facilitating informed decision-making and inspiring future research endeavors in this field.
DPEP Inhibits Cancer Cell Glucose Uptake, Glycolysis and Survival by Upregulating Tumor Suppressor TXNIP
Authors: Zhou Qing , Nguyen Trang Thi Thu , Mun Jeong-Yeon , Siegelin Markus D , Greene Lloyd A
Published: May 2024

We have designed cell penetrating peptides that target the leucine zipper transcription factors ATF5, CE-BPB and CEBPD and that promote apoptotic death of a wide range of cancer cell types, but not normal cells, in vitro and in vivo. While such peptides have the potential for clinical application, their mechanisms of action are not fully understood. Here, we show that one such peptide, Dpep, compromises glucose uptake and glycolysis in a cell-context-dependent manner (in about 2/3 of cancer lines assessed). These actions are dependent on induction of tumor suppressor TXNIP (thioredoxin interacting protein) mRNA and protein. Knockdown studies show that TXNIP significantly contributes to apoptotic death in those cancer cells in which it is induced by Dpep. The metabolic actions of Dpep on glycolysis led us to explore combinations of Dpep with clinically approved drugs metformin and atovaquone that inhibit oxidative phosphorylation and that are in trials for cancer treatment. Dpep showed additive to synergistic activities in all lines tested. In summary, we find that Dpep induces TXNIP in a cell-context-dependent manner that in turn sup-presses glucose uptake and glycolysis and contributes to apoptotic death of a range of cancer cells.
Sustainability-by-Constraints: the COVID-19 Crisis
Authors: Ronen Boaz , Coman Alexander , Leshno Moshe , Pliskin Joseph S. , Pass Shimeon
Published: May 2024

Healthcare crises occur occasionally are very disruptive and resource consuming. The Covid-19 pandemic provided an example of inefficient wasteful resource management that would be unsustainable in the long term. This paper presents a framework for sustainable crisis management that will be applicable for future crises. The methodology is also applicable to other pandemics, wars, multi-casualty natural disasters, industrial disasters, etc. Attention focuses on rapid crisis resolution such as lockdowns. Despite unprecedented investments in healthcare, lack of capacity and timeliness are still problems affecting every country, even the wealthier ones. During the Covid19 pandemic, some healthcare systems around the world have collapsed. For example, Brazil, Spain, Italy, and more. This is due to the lack of a clear methodology for handling such crises. This paper presents a resource-based methodology to cope with healthcare crises considering three scenarios: “Peace”, “War” and “Tsunami”. The paper outlines a methodology for identifying the system bottlenecks for coping with the crisis in each scenario by using established simple tools. These tools assure significant resource frugality that will enhance sustainability. The paper also analyses where the system constraint should be and prescribes how to prepare for such scenarios. A large medical center case study demonstrates our approach. During “peace” times, evolutionary strategies should be used exclusively. During “war” times, a hybrid – evolutionary/disruptive (revolutionary) strategy. During the “Tsunami” scenario, one should rely only on the disruptive (revolutionary) strategy. This methodology can be extended to other scenarios and other lines of research.
Development of a Whole-Cell System Based on Genetically Modified Protoplasts to Detect Nickel Ions in Food Matrices
Authors: De Caroli Monica , Perrotta Carla , Rampino Patrizia
Published: May 2024

Heavy metals are dangerous contaminants constituting a threat to human health because they persist in soils and are easily transferred into the food chain, causing damages to human health. Among heavy metals, nickel appears to be one of the most dangerous responsible for different disorders. Public health protection requires nickel detection in environment and food chains; a simple, rapid and sensitive method to detect nickel contamination is represented by biosensors. In this paper we report the setup of a whole-cell based system, in which protoplasts, obtained from Nicotiana tabacum leaves, were used as transducers to detect the presence of heavy metal ions and, in particular, nickel ions. Protoplasts were genetically modified with a plasmid containing the GFP reporter gene under the promoter region of a sunflower small HSP gene control. By this device the presence of heavy metal ions was detected. Thus, the possibility to use this whole-cell system as a novel tool to detect the presence of nickel ions in food matrices was assessed.
Salivary Transcriptome and Mitochondrial Analysis of ASD Children Compared to Healthy Controls
Authors: Cannon Mark , Toma Ryan , Ganeshan Sri , Varela Emmery de Jesus Alvarez , Vuyisich Momo , Banavar Guru
Published: May 2024

Autism has been described as a gastrointestinal and neurological condition that is represented by impairments in language and social situations. Recently reported increases in the occurrence of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) have resulted in increased research into the environmental differences between areas with a high occurrence, as in the “Western” diet populations, and a more locally derived diet population, wherein the rate appears to be significantly less. Thirty autistic children (USA) ages 6 to 21, were sampled at three different intervals: prior to any intervention, post-xylitol intervention, and post-probiotic intervention. The sampling consisted of buccal swabs for MITOSWAB testing, and saliva for metatranscriptomics to determine the entire range of microorganisms and the metabolome. In addition, a “Blue Zone” subject component that included 30 Colombian children, ages 6-16, and who were healthy and within normal behavior standards, also had buccal swabbing and salivary sampling performed for comparison along with 30 healthy (no history medications, illnesses, or behavior issues) USA children matched for age and gender. Saliva samples were analyzed metatranscriptomically and artificial intelligence was utilized to discern important differences in the microbiome that included bacteria, archaea, fungi, and viruses, and microbial functions. Significant differences were noted, and seen in the temporal data, demonstrating shifts that may have been precipitated by the interventions, with both the probiotics and the polyols. Particular bacterial strains were significantly more prevalent in the autism subject group including a strain that reduces neurotransmitters by enzymatic degradation. This provided supporting evidence to the hypothesis that the occurrence of autism may also be influenced by low Gamma Amino Butyric Acid (GABA) levels during development. Also, of interest was the un-expected finding that verbal skills dramatically increased in 6 of the 30 ASD subjects following xylitol supplementation.
ToRCH Pathogen-Induced Histopathological Changes in Placental Tissues and Associated Post Obstetric Complications in Pakistani Women
Authors: Naseem Maryum , Khan Sanaullah , Alshaya Dalal Sulaiman , Attia Kotab A , Sultana Nuzhat , Shah Tawaf Ali , Ali Sajid , Rehman Faizur , Adnan Muammad , Noreen Sarwat
Published: May 2024

Abstract: The mortality rate of women during the gestation period or after delivery is very high worldwide. ToRCH pathogens [Toxoplasma gondii (T.gondii), Rubella Virus (RV), Cytomegalovirus (CMV), and Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV)] are transmitted vertically and are associated with mortality and complications both in the mother and the fetus or children. Therefore, this study is designed to investigate the ToRCH pathogen-induced histopathological changes in placental tissues and associated post-obstetric complications in Pakistani women.
Women (N = 68) included in this study were divided into Group A (women with current abortion and bad obstetric history-BOH) and Group B (women with normal delivery and BOH). The venous blood collected was analyzed for ToRCH antibodies through ELISA. A small piece of placenta tissue taken after delivery or abortion was subjected to nucleic acid (NA) detection through PCR using ToRCH pathogen-specific primers. The placental tissue was analyzed for histopathological changes under a microscope. The data obtained were analyzed using percentages and the Chi square test.
Overall ToRCH antibody positivity was 64.70% (44/68). Of these, IgM (Immunoglobulin M) was found in 17.65% (12/68), IgG (Immunoglobulin G) in 45.59% (31/68), and one case (1.47%) was seropositive for both IgM and IgG. The NA was detected in 66.18% (45/68) of the placental tissues of the study population.
The higher prevalence of antibodies for T.gondii and RV (23.53% each) and NA for RV, CMV, and HSV (17.99% each) was observed in the study population. The ToRCH infection (antibodies and NA) with BOH complications was statistically found to be non-significant (p> 0.05). Overall discrepancies in ToRCH antibodies and NA positivity were found in 86.76% (59/68) of cases, especially for RV (26.47%). Chorionic villitis (CV) in placental tissues was observed in 20.59% (14/68), i.e., 13.23% of Group A and 7.35% of Group B. Of the total, four women with T.gondii, six with RV, and three each with CMV and HSV infection were found with CV. The most common BOH complications observed were recurrent spontaneous abortions (RSAs) (47.05%, 32/68), stillbirth (22.05%, 15/68), congenital abnormalities (14.70%, 10/68), etc. It was observed that RSAs were associated with CV (10.29%) in the study population. The BOH complication and CV were found to be statistically non-significant (p> 0.05).
It is concluded that ToRCH pathogens are prevalent in the study population, and CV was the only histopathological change found and associated with BOH complications.
Clinical Usability Evaluation of Attachable Video Laryngoscope in the Simulated Tracheal Intubation Scenario: A Manikin Study
Authors: LEE Won-Jun , LEE Hee-Young , KIM Sun-Ju , LEE Kang-Hyun
Published: May 2024

To assess the usefulness of an attachable video laryngoscope (AVL) by attaching a camera and monitor to a conventional Macintosh laryngoscope (CML). Normal and tongue edema airway scenarios were simulated using a manikin. Twenty physicians performed tracheal intubations using CML, AVL, Pentax AWS® (AWS), and McGrath MAC® (MAC) in each scenario. Ten physicians with more than 10 cases of clinical experience with tracheal intubation using CML were included in the skilled group. Ten physicians with less than 10 cases of clinical experience with tracheal intubation using CML were included in the unskilled groups. The time required to intubate and the success rate were recorded. The degree of difficulty of use and glottic view assessment scored by participants. All 20 participants successfully completed the study. There was no difference in the success rate and time required for tracheal intubation in the normal airway scenarios. For the skilled group, in the tongue edema airway scenario, the AWS had the highest success rate (100%) followed by AVL (60%), MAC (60%), and CML (20%) (p = 0.001). The time required to intubate with the AWS was significantly shorter than with AVL (10.2 vs 22.3 s; p=0.002) or MAC (10.2 vs 23.7 s; p=0.001). There was no significant (p > 0.05) difference between AVL and MAC. The degree of Difficulty of Use for AVL was significantly lower than that for CML (7.8 vs 2.8; p < 0.001). There was no significant (p > 0.05) difference between AVL and other video laryngoscopes. AVL had a higher rate of successful tracheal intubation than CML in the tongue edema scenario. AVL showed a similar success rate and time of tracheal intubation to the MAC. Therefore, AVL may be a possible alternative video laryngoscope device.
Synergistic Theoretical and Experimental Insights into NH₄⁺-Enhanced Vanadium Oxide Cathodes for Aqueous Zinc-Ion Batteries
Authors: Lin He , Xu Jing , Zhang Yu
Published: May 2024

This study explores the enhancement of aqueous zinc-ion batteries (AZIBs) using ammonium-enhanced vanadium oxide cathodes. Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations reveal that NH₄⁺ incorporation into V₆O₁₆ lattices significantly facilitates Zn²⁺ ion diffusion by reducing electrostatic interactions, acting as a structural lubricant. Subsequent experimental validation using (NH₄)₂V₆O₁₆ cathodes synthesized via a hydrothermal method corroborates the DFT findings, demonstrating remarkable electrochemical stability with a capacity retention of 90% after 2000 cycles at 5 A g⁻¹. These results underscore the potential of NH₄⁺ in improving the performance and longevity of AZIBs, providing a pathway for sustainable energy storage solutions.
IndustNerf: Accurate 3D Industrial Digital Twin based on Integrating Neural Radiance Fields using Unsupervised Learning
Authors: Zhou Hui , Xu Juangui , Lin Hongbin , Nie Zhenguo , Zheng Li
Published: May 2024

Digital twin technology is revolutionizing traditional manufacturing paradigms. In modern manufacturing systems, digital twin technology is fraught with challenges due to the scarcity of labeled data. Specifically, existing supervised machine learning algorithms, with their reliance on voluminous training data, find their applicability constrained in real-world production settings. This paper introduces an unsupervised 3D reconstruction approach tailored for industrial applications, aimed at bridging the data void in creating digital twin models. Our proposed model, by ingesting high-resolution 2D images, autonomously reconstructs precise 3D digital twin models without the need for manual annotations or prior knowledge. Through comparisons with multiple baseline models, we demonstrate the superiority of our method in terms of accuracy, speed, and generalization capabilities. This research not only offers an efficient approach to industrial 3D reconstruction but also paves the way for the widespread adoption of digital twin technology in manufacturing.
Respiratory Symptoms Among Adolescens in Poland: A Study on Cigarette Smokers, E-Cigarette Users, and Dual Users
Authors: Kurdyś-Bykowska Paulina , Kośmider Leon , Konwant Dawid , Stencel-Gabriel Krystyna
Published: May 2024

In recent years, the prevalence of tobacco and electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) use among adolescents has raised significant public health concerns worldwide. This study aims to investigate respiratory symptoms among Polish adolescents. We conducted an online survey among Polish school students from all provinces, collecting data over two months in Spring 2021. Students voluntarily complete the anonymous survey, answering questions about respiratory symptoms, smoking habits (both traditional and electronic cigarettes), and demographic information. Analysis focused on four subgroups: non-tobacco users, traditional cigarette smokers, e-cigarette users, and dual users, totaling 10,388 pupils aged 12-18 years, predominantly attending secondary technical and comprehensive schools. A total of 10388 pupils participated in the study, 55.6 % (5778) of whom were girls and 44.4 % (4610) boys. Adolescents, who admitted using both e-cigarettes and traditional cigarettes experienced more frequent episodes of cough during the day (39.70%) and at night (18.40%) compared to their peers in other groups. Chest discomfort, including pain and pressure, was also reported more often by adolescents, who used e-cigarettes and traditional cigarettes concurrently (27.60%) compared to their peers in other groups. Chest pressure was experienced less commonly by non-smoking adolescents (14.40%) than by smokers (18.90%). Higher severity of cough during the day and at night was observed in the group of adolescents using traditional cigarettes and e-cigarettes concurrently compared to the other groups. The adolescents in the dual user group experienced more severe dyspnoea and wheezing compared to the other groups included in the comparison. The results of this study confirm the correlation between the occurrence of respiratory symptoms in adolescents who smoke cigarettes, use e-cigarettes and in dual users. The respiratory symptoms occur most frequently and are the most severe in the group of adolescents who use e-cigarettes and traditional cigarettes
Endothelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition in Cardiovascular Pathophysiology
Authors: Singh Aman , Bhatt Kriti S , Nguyen Hien C. , Frisbee Jefferson C. , Singh Krishna K.
Published: May 2024

Under different pathophysiological conditions endothelial cells lose endothelial phenotype and gain mesenchymal cell-like phenotype via a process known as endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndMT). At the molecular level, endothelial cells lose the expression of endothelial cell-specific markers such as CD31/platelet-endothelial cell adhesion molecule, von Willebrand factor, and vascular-endothelial cadherin and gain the expression of mesenchymal cell markers such as α-smooth muscle actin, N-cadherin, vimentin, fibroblast specific protein-1 and collagens. EndMT is induced by numerous different pathways triggered and modulated by multiple different and often redundant mechanisms in a context-dependent manner depending on the pathophysiological status of the cell. EndMT plays an essential role in embryonic development, particularly in atrioventricular valve development, however, EndMT is also implicated in pathogenesis of several genetically determined and acquired diseases including malignant, cardiovascular, inflammatory, and fibrotic disorders. Among cardiovascular diseases aberrant EndMT is reported in atherosclerosis, pulmonary hypertension, valvular disease, fibroelastosis and cardiac fibrosis. Accordingly, understanding the mechanisms behind cause and/or effect of EndMT to eventually target EndMT appears to be a promising strategy to treat aberrant EndMT-associated diseases. However, this approach is limited by a lack of precise functional and molecular pathways, causes and/or effects, and lack of robust animal model and human data about EndMT in different diseases. Here, we review different mechanisms in EndMT and the role of EndMT in various cardiovascular diseases.
Voice as a Biomarker of Pediatric Health: A Scoping Review
Authors: Rogers Hannah Paige , Hseu Anne , Kim Jung , Silberholz Elizabeth , Jo Stacy , Dorste Anna , Jenkins Kathy
Published: May 2024

The human voice has the potential to serve as a valuable biomarker for the early detection, diagnosis, and monitoring of pediatric conditions. This scoping review synthesizes the current knowledge on the application of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in analyzing pediatric voice as a biomarker for health. The included studies featured voice recordings from pediatric populations aged 0-17 years, utilized feature extraction methods, and analyzed pathological biomarkers using AI models. Data from 62 studies were extracted, encompassing study and participant characteristics, recording sources, feature extraction methods, and AI models. The review showed a global representation of pediatric voice studies, with a focus on developmental, respiratory, speech, and language conditions. The most frequently studied conditions were Autism Spectrum Disorder, intellectual disabilities, asphyxia, and asthma. Mel-Frequency Cepstral Coefficients were the most utilized feature extraction method, while Support Vector Machines were the predominant AI model. The analysis of pediatric voice using AI demonstrates promise as a non-invasive, cost-effective biomarker for a broad spectrum of pediatric conditions. However, further research and development are crucial to enhance the accuracy and applicability of these tools in clinical settings.
Osteogenic and Protective Effects of Erucic Acid and Erucic Acid-Induced Exosomes against Fine Dust
Authors: Kim Hyunjung , Kim Boyong
Published: May 2024

Fine dust causes various disorders, including cardiovascular, neurological, renal, reproductive, motor, systemic, respiratory, and cancerous diseases. Therefore, it is necessary to study functional materials to prevent these problems. In this study we used various methods, including quantitative PCR, flow cytometry, ELISA, and Alizarin O staining, to study the beneficial effects of erucic acid against fine dust. Erucic acid and erucic acid-induced exosomes (EIE) strongly suppress the attenuation of osteocytic differentiation and inflammation induced by fine dust. Erucic acid effectively suppresses inflammation in fibroblasts exposed to fine dust. Notably, despite exposure to fine dust, EIE promoted osteocytic differentiation in adipose-derived stem cells (ASC) and osteogenesis in macrophages, in addition to phagocytosis. Dramatic upregulation of RunX2 and BMP7 by EIE indicates that it is a strong activator of osteocytic differentiation in ASC and protects them from the effects of fine dust. Moreover, EIE induces immune activity and acts as an osteogenic trigger for macrophages. Therefore, this study suggests the potential use of erucic acid and erucic acid-induced exosomes (EIE) as biomaterials to prevent environment-borne diseases.
Preclinical Studies of Bioinert, Osteoinducing Alloys TNT (Ti21Nb6Ta) and ВТ-6 (Ti-6Al-4V) (In Vivo)
Authors: Kalzhanov Arman , Bekarisov Olzhas , Ospanov Kuanysh , Batpen Arman , Rimashevskiy Denis , Plotnikov Sergei , Saginova Dina , Ogay Vyacheslav , Azamatov Bagdat , Maratuly Baurzhan
Published: May 2024

The integration of modern technologies like intramedullary fixators and advanced biometallic alloys has revolutionized traumatology and orthopedics. While these innovations have improved treatment, the exploration of new materials for implants persists. Tantalum and niobium, both non-toxic with similar properties, are preferred for titanium-based biomedical alloys due to their exceptional biocompatibility and corrosion resistance. Acting as stabilizers in titanium alloys, they form passive oxide layers resisting corrosion and remain compatible with biological systems. The novel Ti21Nb6Ta (TNT) alloy promises enhanced osteosynthesis outcomes. Our in vivo research on experimental animals evaluated the biocompatibility and osteoinduction of TNT compared to Ti-6Al-4V (BT-6) alloy (control group). The study comprised three experiments across different animal species, assessing acute toxicity, irritant effects, and long-term biocompatibility and osteoinduction through simulated osteosynthesis. Results indicated that aqueous extracts from both alloys were non-toxic and non-irritating. Furthermore, both demonstrated high biocompatibility and active osteoinduction potential after three months of implantation.
A utilização de TDICs para o ensino das nomenclaturas de substâncias Químicas Inorgânicas nos Cursos Técnicos Integrados ao Ensino Médio do Instituto Federal de Santa Catarina
Authors: Oliveira Luciana Santos de , Pasqualli Roberta Pasqualli
Published: May 2024

Essa pesquisa abrange as áreas de educação e de ciências enquanto campo necessário à contextualização da utilização de TDICs no processo ensino-aprendizagem. Neste sentido, tem como objetivo investigar a utilização de TDICs para o ensino das nomenclaturas de substâncias Químicas Inorgânicas nos Cursos Técnicos Integrados ao Ensino Médio do Instituto Federal de Santa Catarina. Trata-se de uma pesquisa básica, qualitativa e descritiva com procedimentos bibliográficos, documentais e de estudo de caso com 19 professores de Química que atuam no Ensino Técnico Integrado ao Ensino Médio do IFSC. A coleta de dados empíricos se deu por meio de questionário estruturado, em ferramenta Google Forms, aplicado, virtualmente, no mês de setembro de 2022. Para a análise dos dados foi utilizada a técnica de análise de conteúdo. Como resultados, considera-se que, apesar das dificuldades oriundas do ensino do conteúdo, os professores acreditam que a inserção de TDICs pode contribuir com a formação dos estudantes. Destaca-se a necessidade de romper com algumas resistências ainda presentes e, como fundamental, a formação continuada.
Factors Contributing to Eudemonic Wellbeing in Scholars of Samkhya Philosophy and Yoga in India: A Cross Sectional study
Authors:   Patanjali Research Foundation, Haridwar 249405, Uttarakhand, India, Telles Shirley , Sharma , Sachin Kumar , Vishwakarma Babita , Prasoon Kumari ,   Patanjali Research Foundation, Haridwar 249405, Uttarakhand, India
Published: May 2024

Samkhya philosophy and Yoga both aim at ultimate liberation, along with implicit rather than explicit devotion to the Divine (Isvara), making both self-transcendence and gratitude relevant for these philosophies. The relative contribution of gratitude and self-transcendence to eudemonic wellbeing was evaluated in one hundred and forty seven scholars of these philosophies. The scholar participants’ daily activities included Yoga, community service, self-study, lectures, non-deity specific devotional sessions and yajna or fire-offerings. Analysis was based on multiple regression analysis and Coefficient of Determination (R2) with alpha = 0.05. Both self-transcendence (16.2 percent) and gratitude (10.5 percent) predicted eudemonic wellbeing in scholars of these philosophies.
Effects of ephedrine and phenylephrine on the Analgesia Nociception Index (ANI) and Nociception Level (NOL)
Authors: Kuroki Masahiro , Onodera Yu , Okada Masayuki , Nakane Masaki
Published: May 2024

Purpose: Nociceptive monitor values is thought to be influenced by vasopressors; however, no study has investigated this in detail. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effect of vasopressors on nociceptive monitors using Analgesia Nociception Index (ANI) and Nociception Level (NOL).
Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted between February and April, 2023. Data were obtained during anesthesia induction only to exclude surgical invasion. Blood pressure, heart rate, ANI, and NOL were measured 5 min after ephedrine or phenylephrine administration during hypotension. Low ANI and high NOL values indicate severe pain. Statistical analyses were performed on the values before and after vasopressor administration for each parameter.
Results: Twelve patients (male, 10; female, 2) with a mean age of 71.3 ± 6.7 years were included. ANI and NOL, before versus after ephedrine administration were 76.3 ± 11.8 versus 33.6 ± 8.1 (p < 0.001) and 2.1 ± 1.5 versus 27.6 ± 10.5 (p < 0.001), respectively. ANI and NOL, before versus after phenylephrine administration were 75.7 ± 9.2 versus 53.0 ± 15.3 (p = 0.010) and 4.0 ± 3.5 versus 21.5 ± 4.3 (p < 0.001), respectively. The mean time beyond the pain threshold (ANI < 50 and NOL > 25) for ephedrine and phenylephrine was 58.0 s and 21.0 s for ANI, and 29.3 s and 1.0 s for NOL, respectively.
Conclusion: The use of vasopressors, albeit a short time, significantly altered the nociceptive monitor values, and in some cases, exceeded the values considered to be the threshold for pain.
Measurable Residual Disease (MRD) dynamics in Multiple Myeloma and the influence of Clonal Diversity Analyzed by Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Martínez-López Joaquin , Lopez-Muñoz Nieves , Chari Ajai , Dorado Sara , Barrio Santiago , Arora Shagun , Kumar Anupama , Chung Alfred , Martin Thomas , Wolf Jeffrey
Published: May 2024

Minimal Residual Disease (MRD) assessment is a known surrogate marker for survival in multiple myeloma (MM). Here, we present a single institution’s experience assessing MRD by NGS of Ig genes and the long-term impact of depth of response as well as clonal diversity on the clinical outcome of a large population of MM patients; 482 MM patients at the University of California, San Francisco (UCSF) diagnosed from 2008 to 2020 were analyzed retrospectively. MRD assessment was performed by NGS. PFS curves were plotted by the Kaplan-Meier method. In the newly diagnosed group, 119 of 304, achieved MRD negativity at the level of 10− 6 at least once. These patients had a prolonged PFS versus patients who were persistently MRD positive at different levels (p > 0.0001). In the relapsed disease group, 64 of 178 achieved MRD negativity at 10− 6 and PFS was prolonged versus patients who remained MRD positive (p = 0.03). Three categories of MRD dynamics were defined by artificial intelligence: (A) patients with ≥ 3 consistently MRD negative samples, (B) patients with continuously declining but detectable clones, (C) patients with either increasing or a stable number of clones. Groups A and B had a more prolonged PFS than group C (p < 10− 7). Patients who were MRD positive and had not yet relapsed had a higher clonal diversity than those patients who were MRD positive and had relapsed. MRD dynamics can accurately predict disease evolution and drive clinical decision-making. Clonal Diversity could complement MRD assessment in the prediction of outcomes in MM.
Conodont stratigraphy and biodiversity of the Middle Devonian Kačàk Episode in the Pic de Bissous (Montagne Noire, S-France)
Authors: Narkiewicz Katarzyna , Narkiewicz Marek
Published: May 2024

Pic de Bissous belongs to classic sections of the latest Eifelian Kačàk Episode (KE) interval, uniquely developed in hemipelagic carbonate facies. The present conodont study is based on dense sampling of the section, yielding rich and diverse assemblages dominated by Polygnathus. The position of the lower and upper KE boundaries is here documented within the late Eifelian kockelianus Zone and at the base of the lowermost Givetian hemiansatus Zone, respectively. Both boundaries are marked by an increase of P1 elements diversity, the phenomenon reported also from other palaeogeographic setting, and accompanied by an appearance of several new taxa. This suggests a global two-step conodont biodiversity rise around the KE interval, presumably caused by the eustatic If and earliest Givetian sealevel rise, respectively. These events were accompanied by increased juvenile conodont mortality probably due to some local/regional adverse conditions of either abiotic or biotic nature.
An Analytical Case Study of the Oil Well Blowout at Baghjan Oil Field, Assam: a Human and Environmental Perspective
Authors: Dutta Ujjal , Kalita Shivangi
Published: May 2024

The study analyses the oil well blowout that took place at the Baghjan oil field in Assam, India, on 27th May 2020. This incident led to a significant fire on 9th June that lasted more than five months. The tragedy degraded the environment and inflicted substantial problems on the area's inhabitants. The present study employs the analytical case study approach and various data sources to unfold the disaster and its causes, impact, and response. It also examines the local inhabitants and environmental impact and tries to analyze the event comprehensively. The incident resulted from technical malfunctions and human errors, leading to the relocation of the adjacent settlement to refugee camps amidst the global epidemic. However, it is essential to mention that many households received adequate compensation for their damages. The incident has resulted in the contamination of the air, noise, soil, and water, causing significant damage to the fragile ecosystem and its rare species. The research employs the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index to quantify changes in vegetation cover resulting from the blowout, thus showing the extensive damage to the affected region. The incident shed light on legal and regulatory deficiencies alongside a lack of accountability and transparency within the Oil India Limited sector. Despite the numerous proposals for environmental restoration, it appears challenging to revert to the previous state swiftly. The present study reflects the collective and collaborative action to protect and preserve the environment.
Adsorptive Removal of Organic dyes by Hydrothermally Synthesized Binary Rare Earth Oxide Pr6O11: Isotherms, Optimization, Kinetic and Thermodynamic Studies.
Authors: Nayak Lipika , soren Siba , Das Nigamananda , PARHI PURNENDU
Published: May 2024

This study explored the potential of rare earth oxide, praseodymium oxide (Pr6O11) as an adsorbent for removing Erichrome Black T (EBT) dye from aqueous solution. Pr6O11 with a surface area (24.07 m²/g), was synthesized using hydrothermal method and characterized using various analytical techniques (XRD, SEM, TEM, BET, XPS). The influence of initial dye concentration, temperature, adsorbent dose, and pH on adsorption capacity, kinetics, and isotherms was investigated. Optimal conditions were: 60 mg/L initial dye, 0.03g adsorbent, 90 min contact time, and pH around 7–8. The heterogeneous adsorption of dyes by the prepared catalyst was best described by Freundlich adsorption isotherm model which favours multilayer adsorption of EBT dye onto Pr6O11 surface. Kinetic study confirms the progress of adsorption via pseudo-second-order kinetics. Different thermodynamic considerations such as ΔG⁰, ΔH⁰, ΔS⁰ calculated during the experiment suggested a favourable, spontaneous, and exothermic physisorption process (30–50°C). The material exhibited reusability with minimal capacity loss after each cycle.
Laparoscopic repair of parastomal hernia following radical cystectomy and ileal conduit: A Single-Center Experience
Authors: Fu Xiaojian , Hua Rong , Li Minglei , Chen Hao , Yao Qiyuan
Published: May 2024

Purpose: Parastomal hernia (PH) is a frequent complication following radical cystectomy and ileal conduit (IC). The purpose of this study was to summarize the clinical experience and technical characteristics of laparoscopic repair of PH following IC.
Methods: We retrospectively evaluated all patients who underwent laparoscopic treatment of PH following IC at Huashan Hospital, Fudan University from May 2013 to December 2022.
Results:Thirty-five patients were included in the study. Median follow up was 32 months. Three patients presented with a recurrence (8.6%), with a median time to recurrence of 14 months. Out of the 35 patients, Thirty-two underwent totally laparoscopic repair using the Sugarbaker technique, Three patients required open surgery to repair the intestinal injury after laparoscopic exploration. One patient died 9 months post-surgery due to COVID-19. During the follow-up period, two patients developed a peristomal abscess, and one patient experienced partial intestinal obstruction 10 days after surgery.
Conclusion: Surgical management of PH following IC is challenging. The laparoscopic Sugarbaker technique for repairing PHfollowing IC has low complication and recurrence rate.
Gender-specific effects of exposure to maternal prenatal smoking on gross motor skills and movement behaviors in 3-5 year-old children: findings from the 2012 National Youth Fitness Survey
Authors: Zhou Andrew , Qiu Zhengyuan , Zhang Chiyuan Amy
Published: May 2024

Background: Smoking during pregnancy has been associated with various health and behavioral problems in offspring throughout their lifespan. In addition, studies have shown that these health and behavioral problems following maternal prenatal smoking exposure (MPSE) are likely gender-dependent, i.e. the outcomes are divergent between male and female offspring. However, studies on whether MPSE affects gross motor skills in 3-5 year-old children in a gender-specific manner are lacking. The first aim of this project is to examine the effects of MPSE on gross motor skills in 3-5 year-old boys and girls. The second aim is to identify factors that are associated with gross motor skills in children with MPSE.
Methods: The data used in this project are from the 2012 National Youth Fitness Survey (NNYFS) conducted by the Centers for Disease and Prevention National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS). Out of the 368 children aged 3-5 surveyed by NCHS, 329 had locomotor skills standard score (LSSS), object control skills standard score (OCSSS), and gross motor quotient (GMQ) along with demographic data, body measurement data early childhood questionnaire data movement behavior questionnaire data and were selected for this study.
Results: Boys with MPSE had significantly lower LSSS, OCSSS, and GMQ compared to those without MPSE, while no significant differences in LSSS, OCSSSS, and GMQ for girls were detected, indicating a gender-specific effect of MPSE on GMQ in 3-5 year-old children. MPSE was associated with low ratio of family income to poverty (RFIP) in girls but not in boys, suggesting a gender-specific inverse relationship of MPSE with parity. MPSE was associated with having no physical activity outside of school for the past 7 days in boys but not in girls, watching TV for >2 hours in the past 30 days and having 2 or fewer days with physical activity at least 60 min in the past 7 days in girls but not in boys, suggest that MPSE is associated with movement behaviors that confer less physical activity in boys and more sedentary state in girls.
Conclusion: MPSE negatively impacts gross motor skills in 3-5 year-old boys.
Blossoming of the Pleistocene volcanism in the Ecuadorian Andes: a review based on new and recent geochronological data
Authors: Santamaria Santiago David , Bablon Mathilde , Quidelleur Xavier , Samaniego Pablo , Pennec Jean-Luc Le , Hidalgo Silvana , Liorzou Céline
Published: May 2024

The Ecuadorian arc is composed of an unusually high number of volcanoes organized as along-arc alignments and across-arc clusters, over a relatively small area. Although several geochronological studies were carried out in the past three decades, the eruptive history of the central zone of the arc remained poorly documented, preventing the analyses of volcanism initiation of the whole arc. In this study, we present new K-Ar ages obtained from this central area, referred as the Quito segment. These results were then included in an updated comprehensive geochronological database including about 250 ages, allowing us to describe, at the arc scale, the spatial and temporal development of Quaternary volcanic activity in Ecuador. About eighty Quaternary volcanoes are identified in the Ecuadorian Andes, amounting to 45 volcanic complexes with radiometric ages and/or identified as active or potentially active. The volcanic arc developed in three stages marked by increases in the total number of active volcanoes. During the oldest Plio-Early Pleistocene stage, the documented volcanic activity was mostly concentrated in the Eastern Cordillera of the Quito segment, with minor effusive eruptions in the southern Back-Arc. Since ~ 1.4 Ma, the activity spread to the surroundings of the Quito segment and new edifices also appeared in the Western Cordillera and the Inter-Andean Valley. Towards the end of this intermediate stage (i.e., ~ 800 ka), volcanism occurred in isolated areas to the north and south of the Inter-Andean Valley. Finally, the late and current stage was characterized by a remarkable increase in volcanic activity since ~ 600 ka. Approximately 50 volcanoes were active during this stage. The spatial distribution of the Ecuadorian arc volcanism seems to be guided by deep mechanisms and old crustal tectonic structures from the Western Cordillera, whereas the neotectonics seem to influence the development of stratovolcanoes. In addition, we note that the spatial and temporal evolution of volcanism highlights the influence of the Carnegie Ridge and the thermal regime anomaly of the young Nazca crust on the increase of volcanic activity in Ecuador.
Chitooligosaccharide Inhabits Migration of Pancreatic Cancer Cells by Regulating Epithelial– Mesenchymal Transition
Authors: Liu Xu , Liu Han , Ding Siyuan , Lyu Weiyan , Lu Shengyan
Published: May 2024

Background
Studies have confirmed that chito-oligosaccharide (COS) has antitumour effect, but research on its effect on pancreatic cancer (PC) remains limited and unclear. This study aimed to explore effects of COS on PC cells.
Method
We used different concentrations of COS to treat PC cells and conducted Cell Counting Kit-8, wound-healing, and transwell assays to evaluate the proliferation, invasion, and migration ability of PC cells, respectively. Western blotting was conducted to assess the expression levels of epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) related markers.
Result
The proliferation, invasion, and migration ability of PC cells (PANC-1 and MIAPaCa-2) gradually decreased in a manner dependent on COS concentration. COS at 10 mg/mL exerted the strongest inhibitory effect on the two PC cell lines. At 10 mg/mL, the proliferative activity was 60.61% ± 5.25% and 64.02% ± 4.96%, respectively; the invasive ability was (18.67 ± 4.416) and (31.33 ± 3.162), respectively; and the cell-migration ability was 26.83% ± 0.442% and 17.66% ± 0.647%, respectively. The expression levels of N-cadherin and vimentin were significantly downregulated in PANC-1 cells (0.198 ± 0.047 and 0.225 ± 0.038, respectively) and MIAPaCa-2 cells (0.214 ± 0.094 and 0.214 ± 0.094, respectively) at 10 mg/mL, respectively. Conversely, E-cadherin was upregulated (0.460 ± 0.037 and 0.491 ± 0.047, respectively). Compared with control group, the differences were statistically significant.
Conclusion
The upregulation of E-cadherin and the downregulation of vimentin and N-cadherin suggested that the specific mechanism of COS in PC may be related to EMT. This study provided a new direction for PC treatment.