bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluación objetiva de la conducción del sonido por vía ósea con potenciales evocados auditivos
Authors: Hernández Cordero María del Carmen , Pérez Abalo María Cecilia
Published: January 2021

La evaluación objetiva de la conducción del sonido por vía ósea en el niño ha sido un tema poco reportado en la literatura. La interpretación de su resultado determinando la diferencia con la vía aérea, hace posible obtener la brecha aéreo-ósea, variable importante para realizar el diagnóstico diferencial de las pérdidas auditivas. La caracterización de los umbrales óseos utilizando como método los Potenciales Evocados Auditivos de Tallo Cerebral, ya sea con el estímulo a click ó los tonos breves, ha sido un tópico con poca difusión en la audiología clínica, debido a que la respuesta que se obtiene presenta cambios en la morfología y es difícil de reconocer, requiriéndose gran experticidad para identifi carla en intensidades cercanas al umbral. Los Potenciales Evocados Auditivos de Estado Estable, constituyen una alternativa apropiada para la evaluación de la vía ósea, debido a utiliza como estímulo los tonos modulados; los cuales no se afectan al pasar por el transductor óseo y a que la respuesta se detecta en forma automática, lo que reduce el sesgo que introduce el evaluador al identificar visualmente el umbral electrofisiológico
ABORDAJE DIAGNÓSTICO PARA ASPIRACIÓN DE CUERPO EXTRAÑO EN PEDIATRÍA
Authors: Olivas M. Oscar , Hernández S. Raúl
Published: January 2021

La aspiración de cuerpo extraño en niños es una causa frecuente de consulta en el departamento de urgencias pediátricas y puede ser un evento potencialmente mortal. Se presenta principalmente durante los primeros 4 años de vida y es mas frecuente en el género masculino. Clínicamente es posible encontrar en un 50% de los casos la triada clínica de tos, sibilancias localizadas y disminución de ruidos respiratorios. El diagnóstico se basa en una historia clínica adecuada en la cual se busca intencionadamente el antecedente de un evento de asfixia. La radiografía de tórax es una herramienta importante para el diagnóstico aunque es posible encontrarla normal del 12 al 25% de los casos. Diversos estudios reportan la utilidad de la broncoscopia flexible en la extracción de cuerpos extraños, sin embargo la broncoscopia rígida continua siendo el estándar de oro para el manejo de la aspiración de cuerpo extraño.
NUEVAS GUIAS PARA DIAGNÓSTICO DE FIBROSIS QUÍSTICA
Authors: Farrell Philip M , White Terry B , Ren Clement L , Hempstead Sarah E
Published: January 2021

En algunos casos el diagnóstico de fibrosis quística (FQ) aún constituye un desafío. Con el tiempo la genética de esta enfermedad se ha ido aclarando y por otro lado se cuenta con tamizaje neonatal, lo que ha provocado reconsiderar los criterios para el diagnóstico. Esta guía es el fruto del trabajo de 32 expertos, quienes revisaron la literatura relevante con el fin de lograr definiciones estandarizadas, pautas de consenso, criterios para el diagnóstico y terminología con respecto a esta enfermedad. Una vez establecido alguno de estos aspectos realizaron votaciones, siendo confirmados si se obtenían más del 80% de votos afirmativos. El comité de consenso completo votó y aprobó 27 de 28 declaraciones, 7 de las cuales necesitaron revisiones y una segunda ronda de votación. En esta revisión se muestran las principales conclusiones, invitando al lector a revisar el artículo en su totalidad
FUNCIÓN PULMONAR EN PACIENTES CON DISTROFIA MUSCULAR DE DUCHENNE
Authors: Morales M Maureen , Pavón T Dolores
Published: January 2021

La Distrofia Muscular de Duchenne (DMD) es una enfermedad neuromuscular (ENM) con compromiso respiratorio progresivo, por lo que la evaluación precoz de la función pulmonar es importante tanto para prevenir complicaciones, definir la progresión de la enfermedad y decidir la implementación de intervenciones terapéuticas. En esta revisión se mencionan las siguientes pruebas de función de pulmonar: espirometría, volúmenes pulmonares, presiones máximas en boca, peak flow de tos, ventilación voluntaria máxima y oscilometría de impulso.
E D I TO R I A L
Authors: Perillán José
Published: January 2021

N/A
CARACTERÍSTICAS Y SEGUMIENTO DE 38 CASOS DE BRONQUIOLITIS OBLITERANTE POST-INFECCIOSA EN BOGOTÁ-COLOMBIA
Authors: Ucrós R Santiago , Quiroga D Sandra Patricia , Martínez D Margarita , Méndez G Andrea del Pilar
Published: January 2021

La bronquiolitis obliterante post-infecciosa (BOPI) es una enfermedad bronquial obstructiva crónica, que se desarrolla luego de una infección respiratoria viral, adquirida antes de los 2 años de vida. En Bogotá, Colombia nuestro grupo hizo en al año 2017 la descripción y seguimiento de 21 casos de esta patología. La presente publicación tiene como objetivo describir la evolución de 38 niños con BOPI que viven en la ciudad de Bogotá a 2640 m sobre el nivel del mar, con un segumiento de 6.5 años en promedio. Se calcula que la prevalencia de la enfermedad en el grupo poblacional de donde se refieren estos casos, es de al menos 1 caso por 10.526 menores de 15 años. Se destacan la mayor frecuencia de oxigeno dependencia e hipertensión pulmonar en este grupo de niños que viven a gran altura.
ECMO PEDIÁTRICO. UNA PUESTA AL DÍA
Authors: Monreal E Victor , Zuleta M Yuri , Reyes S Ema , Palominos L Evelyn
Published: January 2021

La oxigenación de membrana extracorpórea (ECMO) es una técnica indicada para falla cardiológica y/o pulmonar catastrófica de etiología recuperable, cada vez más disponible, lo que hace necesario que los prestadores de cuidados intensivos estén actualizados en esta técnica. Este artículo repasa conceptos, criterios de inclusión, manejo de anticoagulación, uso de drogas vasoactivas, apoyo ventilatorio, exámenes paraclínicos y destete de la asistencia.El tener una referencia actualizada, fácil y concreta facilita el estudio e implementación de ECMO en centros que van a disponer del mismo o que ya la están desarrollando. Los autores hicieron una revisión exhaustiva de la literatura publicada y de la normativa internacional disponible de la Organización del soporte de vida extracorpóreo (ELSO por su sigla en inglés Extracorporeal Life Support Organization).
BRONQUIECTASIAS NO FIBROSIS QUÍSTICA. DESDE LA INFANCIA A LA ADULTEZ. ENFOQUE DIAGNOSTICO Y TERAPÉUTICO
Authors: Reyes C Felipe
Published: January 2021

La bronquiectasia es una enfermedad pulmonar supurativa con características fenotípicas heterogéneas. Se define como la dilatación anormal de los bronquios, perdiendo la relación existente entre tamaño bronquial y arteria que acompaña. Según su forma, pueden ser clasificadas en cilíndricas, varicosas, saculares o quísticas y según su etiología presentarse de forma difusa o localizada. El diagnóstico de bronquiectasias se sospecha generalmente en pacientes con tos crónica, broncorrea mucosa, mucupurulenta e infecciones respiratorias recurrentes. La etiología es variada, pudiendo clasificarse en bronquiectasias fibrosis quística, aquellas que se encuentran en el contexto de la mutación del gen regulador transmembrana de fibrosis quística (CFTR) y no fibrosis quística, de etiologías diversas, siendo post infecciosas la gran mayoría. No se conoce con certeza su relación con la infancia, es sabido que infecciones respiratorias severas pueden predisponer en un sujeto susceptible, a la llamada teoría del “circulo vicioso” y el desarrollo de estas. La bronquitis bacteriana persistente en niños se ha descrito como una causa probable del desarrollo de bronquiectasias no fibrosis quística en adultos. El tratamiento se basa en el manejo de los síntomas y la prevención de las exacerbaciones. La evidencia es escasa y la mayoría de las terapias se han investigado en las bronquiectasias tipo fibrosis quística. En este trabajo se explicará el enfrentamiento diagnóstico y terapéutico de los adultos portadores de bronquiectasias no fibrosis quística.
EVALUACIÓN Y MANEJO DE DIFICULTADES DE SUCCIÓN-DEGLUCIÓN EN RECIÉN NACIDOS Y LACTANTES SIN COMPROMISO NEUROMUSCULAR
Authors: Morales F Rodrigo E
Published: January 2021

Las dificultades de succión, deglución y alimentación han sido ampliamente estudiadas en población pediátrica portadora de alguna condición congénita o adquirida. La severidad y variedad de signos y síntomas, orientan a la evaluación y tratamiento con relativa baja complejidad, si se cuenta con los especialistas y equipamiento necesario. Se transforma en un desafío mayor el enfrentamiento de alteraciones de deglución y alimentación en recién nacidos y lactantes que no presentan condiciones neurológicas, genéticas o metabólicas. Las dificultades se relacionan con fallas en la seguridad, eficiencia y la conducta del niño al alimentarse. En este artículo se revisa el desarrollo de la alimentación, su relación con el tracto aéreo digestivo y el impacto en la adquisición del habla.También se detallan criterios de evaluación e intervención, con énfasis en el manejo de equipos multidisciplinarios e incorporación activa de la familia.
MONITORIZACIÓN CARDIO RESPIRATORIA DOMICILIARIA EN LACTANTES
Authors: Arandia Viviana , De Amesti Felipe , Lotissier Christopher , Segall Dafne , Bertrand Pablo
Published: January 2021

La monitorización cardio-respiratoria en domicilio se inició hace más de 40 años con el objetivo de prevenir la muerte súbita del lactante. Aun cuando se ha demostrado que la monitorización no cumple este objetivo, se ha mantenido su prescripción en diversas situaciones clínicas y con criterios muy diversos. Consensos acerca del tema no han llegado a definir con precisión el tipo de monitorización ni el tiempo requerido para distintas enfermedades. Dentro de las enfermedades que todavía consideran la indicación de monitorización cardio-respiratoria en domicilio se encuentran: apnea persistente del prematuro, BRUE (episodio breve resuelto inexplicado) de alto riesgo, enfermedades neurológicas o metabólicas con compromiso del centro respiratorio, tos convulsiva, reflujo gastroesofágico patológico y pacientes dependientes de tecnología (cánula nasal de alto flujo (CNAF), ventilación no invasiva (VNI), ventilación mecánica invasiva (VMI) a traqueostomía, y otros). Se presenta una revisión sobre el desarrollo de la monitorización cardio-respiratoria en domicilio, resaltando la verdadera utilidad que tendría esta tecnología con una propuesta general, que debe evaluarse caso a caso y siempre teniendo en cuenta las condiciones que deben cumplirse para realizar una monitorización adecuada y útil.
UNA APROXIMACIÓN A LA INVESTIGACION CUALITATIVA
Authors: Conejero S Jennifer C
Published: January 2021

Las metodologías de investigación cualitativas pueden ser de gran aporte en ciencias de la salud. El conocer las distintas aproximaciones, características de la selección de la muestra y formas de análisis de datos, facilita la elección de las herramientas a utilizar. Este artículo tiene como objetivo entregar las características principales en estas áreas.
TRATAMIENTO DE LA INFECCIÓN POR SARS-COV-2 EN PEDIATRÍA
Authors: Perillán T José , Zenteno A Daniel , Espinoza O María Luisa
Published: January 2021

En diciembre del 2019 emergió un nuevo virus denominado SARS-CoV-2 en China. En marzo de 2020 la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) declaró que el mundo estaba sufriendo una pandemia. Con un gran brote de casos graves y fallecidos se ha producido una urgencia en la comunidad médica por buscar tratamientos efectivos para evitar la progresión de la enfermedad y disminuir su letalidad. En esta revisión se analizan las opciones terapéuticas disponibles para la enfermedad en base a las recomendaciones de la OMS, de sociedades científicas y a la aún escasa evidencia científica disponible para el tratamiento del CoVID-19.
INTERPRETACIÓN DE PATRONES RADIOLÓGICOS SUGERENTES DE COVID-19 EN PEDIATRÍA
Authors: Prado A Francisco , Oviedo C Valeria , Valdebenito P Carlos , Espinoza G Aníbal , Renedo de la Hoz Susana
Published: January 2021

La pandemia CoVID-19 ha impactado en una proporción e intensidad menor a los pacientes menores de 15 años. El rol de los diferentes estudios por imágenes del compromiso pulmonar ha sido extensamente abordado, desde los primeros casos de neumonías graves y síndrome de distrés respiratorio en adultos. En niños existen menos reportes de la utilidad de la radiología convencional, ecografía y tomografía axial computarizada. Sin embargo, los patrones más característicos observados en adultos se repiten en los niños. De ellos, el vidrio esmerilado, el patrón en empedrado y la consolidación con halo circundante son los más característicos. Aun cuando ninguno de ellos permite confirmación diagnóstica, su correcta interpretación ayuda en los flujos de decisiones. La tomografía axial computarizada es más certera para la definición de tipo y extensión del compromiso parenquimatoso pulmonar. El rol en los estadios tempranos en el servicio de urgencia de la ecografía es más claro en adultos que en niños, donde existe buena correlación con la tomografía de tórax. Este artículo aborda los diferentes patrones radiológicos, su representación fisiopatológica y diagnósticos diferenciales, con el objeto de apoyar a los pediatras en su interpretación, como también reconocer el rol de las técnicas de imágenes diagnósticas más frecuentemente utilizadas en niños con infección respiratoria aguda baja.
CONSENSO CHILENO PARA LA ATENCIÓN INTEGRAL DE NIÑOS Y ADULTOS CON FIBROSIS QUÍSTICA
Authors: Boza C Maria Lina , Joel Melo T.  , Salesa Barja Y.  , Ethel Codner D.  , Patricio Gomolan G.  , Rubén Hernández M.  , Luis Astorga F.  , Hortensia Barrientos I.  , Rodrigo Bozzo H.  , Mauricio Calderón R.  , Jeanette Cáceres V.  , Eduardo Chávez C.  , Ilse Contreras E.  , María Teresita Henríquez Y.  , Oscar Fielbaum C.  , Leticia Jakubson S.  , Beatriz Jara H.  , Pablo Jorquera P.  , Ricardo Kogan A.  , Viviana Lezana S.  , Rodolfo Meyer P.  , Francisco Moraga M.  , Gustavo Moscoso G.  , María de los Ángeles Orellana F.  , Homero Puppo G.  , Ana Isabella Quintanilla A.  , Gabriela Repetto L.  , Lisset Slaibe C.  , Julio Soto B.  , Adriana Vega M.  , Carolina Wong L.
Published: January 2021

La Fibrosis Quística (FQ) es la enfermedad hereditaria de pronóstico reservado más frecuente en raza blanca. Desde el año 2003, Chile inicia un Programa Nacional de Fibrosis Quística, de carácter integral, dirigido por la Unidad de Salud Respiratoria del Ministerio de Salud. Hasta la fecha, los principales resultados del Programa registran una significativa mayor sobrevida (promedio 27 años) y una significativa reducción en la edad de diagnóstico de los pacientes ingresados desde 2006 en adelante. El acceso a la canasta GES (Garantías Explícitas en Salud), la implementación del tamizaje neonatal en algunas regiones del país, la organización y la constitución de equipos entrenados en FQ de diversas especialidades, ha contribuido a mejorar los resultados. Si bien las principales manifestaciones son del aparato respiratorio y digestivo, el carácter multisistémico de la FQ obliga a conocer los distintos aspectos involucrados en su manejo, a fin de optimizar los resultados del tratamiento y los recursos invertidos, tanto en el sector público como privado. Este documento es una revisión y actualización sobre los principales aspectos del diagnóstico, seguimiento y tratamiento de las manifestaciones respiratorias y no respiratorias de la FQ.
EVOLUCIÓN DEL ESTADO NUTRICIONAL Y DE LA FUNCIÓN PULMONAR EN UNA COHORTE DE PACIENTES CON FIBROSIS QUÍSTICA SEGUIDOS EN UN CENTRO DE ATENCIÓN INTEGRAL
Authors: Vásquez S. Catalina , Jurado H. Jenny , Rincón B. Leidy , Lung M. Nenna , Ovalle R. Amador
Published: January 2021

La fibrosis quística es una enfermedad hereditaria, multisistémica, cuyo manejo continuo requiere de equipos multidisciplinarios de salud. El objetivo de este trabajo es describir la evolución nutricional y de la función pulmonar en una cohorte de pacientes en el centro de atención integral de la fibrosis quística (FQ), del Hospital Infantil Universitario San José de Bogotá (HIUSJB), entre 2010 y 2013. Estudio descriptivo, en una cohorte de pacientes, en seguimiento durante cuatro años. Las variables cuantitativas fueron descritas mediante medianas y rangos intercuartílicos y las cualitativas con frecuencias absolutas y porcentajes. De los 63 pacientes del grupo inicial, 47 (74.6%), completaron el tiempo de seguimiento. El rango de edad fue de 3 a 30 años. La mediana del IMC (índice de masa corporal) se incrementó así: 17.9 (RIQ:12.5-25.6) en el 2010, 18.6 (RIQ:12.9-24.8) en el 2011, 18.9 ( RIQ(13.6-26.5) en el 2012 y 19.0 (RIQ:13.5-25.8) en el 2013, con menores valores en los hombres. El volumen espiratorio forzado en el primer segundo (VEF1) al ingreso fue clasificado como severo (VEF1<40%) en el 7.1%, moderado (VEF1 40-69%) en el 35.7%, leve (VEF1 70-79%) en el 7.1% y como normal (VEF1>80%) en el 50%. Se concluye que durante los 4 años de seguimiento en el programa de FQ del HIUSJ, ocurre una mejoría del IMC en todo el grupo y un deterioro de la función pulmonar. Se resalta la importancia de constituir más centros de referencia para mejorar los desenlaces clínicos e implementar un registro Nacional para hacer seguimiemto a través del tiempo.
China’s STI Operations: Monitoring Foreign Science and Technology Through Open Sources
Authors:   Center for Security and Emerging Technology, Hannas William , Chang Huey-Meei
Published: January 2021

Open source intelligence (OSINT) and science and technology intelligence (STI) are realized differently in the United States and China, China putting greater value on both. In the United States’ understanding, OSINT “enables” classified reporting, while in China it is the intelligence of first resort. This contrast extends to STI which has a lower priority in the U.S. system, whereas China and its top leaders personally lavish great attention on STI and rely on it for national decisions. Establishing a “National S&T Analysis Center” within the U.S. government could help to address these challenges.
System Re-engineering: A New Policy Framework for the American R&D System in a Changed World
Authors:   Center for Security and Emerging Technology, Flagg Melissa , Harris Paul
Published: January 2021

The United States must adopt a new approach to R&D policy to optimize the diversity of the current system, manage the risks of system dispersion and deliver the benefits of R&D to society. This policy brief provides a new framework for understanding the U.S. R&D ecosystem and recommendations for repositioning the role of the federal government in R&D.
Relevance of Integrity, Morality, and Ethics in the Contemporary World
Authors: Raheja Shivani
Published: January 2021

Integrity is apparently a matter of choice between what is right and what is easy. It manifests itself in everything one does- thoughts, behaviour and actions. It is more related to one’s everyday behaviour, both covert or overt and decision making. The word integrity is considered to have been originated from the French word ‘integrite or integre’, Latin integritas or integras, English integer or integrate, which conceptually means being intact and indicates wholesomeness and completeness of inner self and most importantly uprightness. Morality has its origin from Latin word ‘Mos’, which means customs. The term Ethics has been derived from the Greek word ‘Ethos’ meaning character. Integrity is more than a concept and certainly far beyond being a mere cliché. Integrity is more than morality and ethics, for these two are acclaimed externally and adhere to societal expectations of one’s conduct. Integrity, on the other hand is intrinsic in nature and is an internal state of being, an enduring personal commitment to honour moral and ethical values for moral reflection. Together, they are like a beacon that sails us through the tough turbulent currents of moral and ethical dilemmas, guiding us through states of internal and external conflicts by illuminating the path of honesty, truth, justice, and compassion.
Language Shift and Ethnic Identity: Focus on Malaysian Sindhis
Authors: David Maya Khemlani , Channa Liaquat A. , Manan Syed Abdul , Dumanig Francisco
Published: January 2021

This paper focusses on the minority community of the Malaysian Sindhis to show that ethnic and cultural identities can be constructed through means other practices than solely by the heritage languages. The study draws on an open-ended question directed to 79 lady members of the Sindhi community in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. The respondents were women aged 50-70 and a friend of a friend helped in obtaining further respondents. This age group was selected as they often met for kitty parties, gambling sessions, and lunch parties. Their one-word responses were recorded and returned to the facilitator helping in data collection. The question was “What do you mean when you say you are a Sindhi?”. Based on the data, we contend that the term ethnicity denotes a subjective sense of community, meaning a shared identity which results in a sense of group solidarity. Identity is rooted in actual cultural practices and experiences.
Experimental Study on Performance of Sugarcane Bioethanol blend on VCR Engine
Authors: Kulkarni Srikar G , Navindgi M. C.
Published: January 2021

Biofuels are a wide ranged of fuels which are in some way derives  from biomass. Biofuels are gaining increased public and scientific attention, driven by  factored such as oil price spikes, the need for increased energies securities and concern over greenhouse gas emissions from fossil fuels. Biofuels have become particularly appealing to developing countries because of their potentially to stimulate economics development in rural area and eradicate poverty through the recreates of employment opportunities and increased incomes in agricultural sectors
Dark Energy and Cosmological Model
Authors: Deshmukh Radhika
Published: January 2021

Today the space of our universe is filled with invisible stuff matter which expanding under the action of gravity which was dark matter. In 1990’s astronomical observation and theoretical calculation was leading astrophysicists to believe that not only the dark matter but also there is vacuum empty space filled in universe that is dark energy. It is suggested that the apparently disparate cosmological phenomenon attributed to so called “dark matter” and dark energy arise from quantum level of space -time itself. This creation of space time results in metric expansion. A recent modification of Einstein’s theory of general relativity by Chadwick, Hodgkinson and McDonald incorporate space time expansion. Recent evidence predicts that apparent amount of dark matter increases with age of universe. In addition proposal leads to the same result for the small but non-vanishing cosmological constant, related to dark energy.
Using Marketing Analytics to Understand Consumer Lifestyle for Hair Salons in Delhi and Kolkata
Authors: Bhattacharjee Sandeep , Raheja Shivani
Published: January 2021

The world is undergoing change and change seems to take place everywhere. Even, the less talked industries are gaining momentum including the hair salon industry. In this research paper, we have tried to investigate the usage of hair salon among consumers in two major cities namely Delhi and Kolkata. This research primarily focuses on a mixed sample of both students and working population. A primary investigation was also conducted to identify different facts which helped in designing of the introduction part along with literature review. Later data analysis was conducted on data collected from 114 samples through online questionnaire involving both structured and unstructured questions. Statistical methods of descriptive analysis, discrimination analysis and cross tabulation (with Cramer V calculation for association test) were used to test the strength of association between prime factors based on gender. The results of this research can be useful for researchers, academicians and others in this field who can learn and benefit to a great extent.
NARRATIVES OF STRENGTH, PERSEVERANCE AND RESILIENCE IN TRADITIONAL MARRIAGES (FOCUS ON SINDHI WOMEN)
Authors: David Maya Khemlani , Mirchandani Shobha , Von Stumm Maria
Published: January 2021

Resilience is the ability and knowledge of a person on what he/she can do when he/ she falls and learns how to get up. The aim of this paper is to understand the experiences and perceptions of diaspora Sindhi Hindu women in arranged marriages and how they dealt with the many challenges they faced in their martial homes whether in India or in Malaysia. Strength based theory (Saleeby, 2013) and Agency Favouring framework (Williams, 2000) are used to demonstrate their strengths and agency. The data is obtained from the written narratives of 5 women who married Sindhi men. Writing Is a powerful weapon for reminiscing and describing lived experiences of life in arranged marriages. The writing had to be analyzed for the themes that emerged after the initial codes were generated.
Archive Management Analysis in Secondary School
Authors: Suharti Suharti , Akib Haedar , Jamaluddin Jamaluddin , Thukiman Kassim
Published: January 2021

Archiving is all activities relating to the management of archives, both official and private archive. This study aims to determine the implementation of records management at secondary school. In this study, there are five indicators, namely, receipt of the archive, archival storage, maintenance and security of the archive, as well as depreciation of the archive, and destruction of records. The research method applied in this study is descriptive qualitative. Data collection techniques used are observation, interview, and documentation. Five informants participated in this study. Analysis of the data used is an interactive model and the techniques in analyzing data are by performing data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. To ensure the validity of the data, an extension of observation was carried out for triangulation of data sources, holding member checks, and increasing diligence in conducting the study. The results of this study indicate that the implementation of records management in secondary school is still very simple and not in accordance with the development of existing archival science. Judging from the lack of facilities and infrastructure management records that are needed and the absence of an archive management system used to organize the archive. Thus, to find back an archive still takes a long time and sometimes even have to do records archiving. So, in this case, the management of the archive is considered less than the maximum and ineffective
The Analysis of Forecasting Demand Method of Linear Exponential Smoothing
Authors: Kusuma Nita , Roestam Muhammad , Pasca Lilia
Published: January 2021

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of forecasting demand for Batik Fendy using MAPE techniques. The type of this research is a quantitative descriptive study, using secondary data from the sales of the company Batik Fendy in the period November 2018 - Onkoter 2019. There are 5 stages in data analysis, namely 1) tabulating sales data and production data of Fendy batik, 2) evaluating sales forecasting methods conducted by the Batik Fendy company with the MAPE technique, 3) projecting alpha and beta values ​​as the basis for forecasting linear exponential smoothing , 4) forecasting requests for Batik Fendy with the Linear Exponential Smoothing method , and 5) evaluating the forecasting method with the MAPE technique. The results of this study are the MAPE value of demand forecasts made by the Batik Fendy company is 17.5%; This figure shows the highest percentage of error in the variant of the Sarimbit Long Sleeve Batik, then with the sales data this variant is forecasted by using the Linear Exponential Smoothing method and obtained a MAPE of 9.21%. So it can be concluded that the use of the Linear Exponential Smoothing method in predicting sales of the Sarimbit Arm Long variant Batik is more accurate.
The Effect of Private Visiting and Promotion Strategy on Tourist Interest Visiting in Bali City
Authors: Ardani Wayan , Khan Ashfaq Hossain , Noviyanti Iis , Khan Mohammad Farhan Zeb
Published: January 2021

This study aims to determine the effect of tour guides and promotional strategies on the interest of tourists visiting Bali. The method used is explanatory research with analysis techniques using statistical analysis with regression testing, correlation, determination and hypothesis testing. The results of this study that the guide has a significant effect on tourist interest by 43.2%, hypothesis testing is obtained t count> t table or (8,452> 1.986). Promotion strategy has a significant effect on tourist interest by 43.9%, hypothesis testing is obtained t count> t table or (8,576> 1,986). Tour guides and promotion strategies simultaneously have a significant effect on tourist interest with the regression equation Y = 9.311 + 0.372X1 + 0.406X2. The contribution of the effect was 53.7%, the hypothesis test obtained F count> F table or (53.950> 2,700).
Ozonioterapia no tratamento de canais radiculares
Authors: Reinaldo Araújo Souza José , Witchmichen Krukoski Daniel
Published: January 2021

O propósito do trabalho foi demonstrar o uso de ozonioterapia como método para a sanitização e melhoria dos tecidos durante o tratamento endodontico. Métodos: A metodologia adotada foi a pesquisa bibliográfica de artigos científico do período de 2000 a 2019, aprofundando no assunto do uso do ozônio no tratamento odontológico. Revisão Bibliográfica: O uso de compostos irrigantes para o tratamento de canal dispõe de substâncias importantes para combater os micro-organismos, priorizando a sanitização do ambiente que será tratado, buscando minimizar os efeitos significativos dos danos á polpa dental, motivo pelo qual ocorrem dores devido a inflamação instaurada que, se não tratada a tempo, pode acarretar complicações sistêmicas ao paciente. Por isso, o presente estudo recupera o estudo da ozonioterapia que foi interrompido por algumas décadas devido a falta de material que resistisse à oxidação elevada do ozônio. A adição de outras substâncias coadjuvantes ao tratamento com ozônio deve ser aplicada pelo profissional conhecedor das limitações da aplicabilidade em cáries profundas, sendo que tratamentos desse tipo são indicados apenas em cáries superficiais, ou combinado com as substâncias irrigadoras que auxiliam na sanitização, principalmente durante o procedimento de tratamento dos canais. Alguns estudos com uso da água ionizada ou gás de ozônio não foram promissores devido a limitações técnicas que prejudicaram a análise dos resultados. Conclusão: Conclui-se que a ozonioterapia, nos protocolos apresentados, na maioria dos estudos apresentou efeitos promissores em reduzir a presença de micro-organismos. Havendo eficiência do ozônio no controle de micro-organismos, tornando-o apto a ser utilizado no tratamento odontológico dos canais radiculares.
Qualidade Pós-Operatória em Procedimento de Bichectomia Associada a Ozonioterapia
Authors: Onofre Libório Kátia , Resende Dosea Raquel
Published: January 2021

RESUMO

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar evidências para apoiar ou refutar as práticas integrativas com o uso da ozonioterapia complementar nos procedimentos cirúrgicos de bichectomia, promovendo maior efetividade, segurança e qualidade pós-operatória além da redução da quantidade de medicamentos convencionais necessários para esse procedimento e elevar o nível de satisfação do paciente. Método: Ensaio clínico com 40 pacientes divididos em dois grupos (n = 20), no qual o Grupo 1 recebeu o protocolo complementar com ozonioterapia e medicamentos convencionais (analgésico e/ou, anti-inflamatórios), e o Grupo 2 recebeu terapia convencional (analgésico, anti-inflamatórios e antibiótico profilático). Para coleta de dados foram aplicados questionários, categorizando aspectos referentes à dor, infecção, gordura de bichat e satisfação e foram analisadas estatisticamente as variáveis qualitativas e quantitativas. Resultados e Discussão: A ozonioterapia complementar evidenciou que nenhum paciente apresentou latejamento ou pressão intra-local, não havendo necessidade de usar anti-inflamatório por mais de três dias nem houve rompimento de sutura; portanto, o risco de reinfecção foi descartado. Utilizando a quantidade máxima de comprimidos de 0 a 15 unidades, observou-se resposta mais satisfatória quando comparado ao grupo 2, sem ozonioterapia, o qual apresentou variação de 45 a 186 unidades de comprimidos. A satisfação foi 100% em ambos os grupos e somando o percentual de indicação para terceiros, 90% referiram-se realizar a indicação. O presente estudo demonstrou elevados benefícios na qualidade de vida e na manutenção pós-operatória do procedimento de bichectomia associada a ozonioterapia. Conclusão: Este estudo clínico corrobora com a evidência de que a ozonioterapia complementar é um modelo de prática integrativa, que promove maior efetividade com redução do tempo de exposição do paciente ao pós-operatório com queixas clínicas, maior segurança terapêutica com a redução da quantidade de medicamentos convencionais utilizados no procedimento cirúrgico de bichectomia, priorizando assim a qualidade de vida e o nível de satisfação dos pacientes.
COVID-19 in Indigenous Communities: The Lived Experiences of Extension Educators
Authors: Hartmann Katherine
Published: January 2021

Cooperative Extension is present in nearly 100% of counties in the United States, but can only be found in a small percentage of Indigenous communities. Much of this inequitable access to educational and agricultural resources can be attributed to the lasting cultural, social, economic, and political effects of settler colonialism in the Land Grant System and the U.S. in general. The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted these inequities, as well as lack of access to traditional foodways, healthcare, and other basic services. Extension educators already working in Indigenous communities were uniquely situated to respond to the crisis and assist the communities they serve in meeting the new challenges. This study explores the lived experiences of some of these educators through qualitative interviews and advocates for their continued and expanded support. For the Land Grant System to live up to its professed mission of access and inclusion, it must provide equitable access to Extension services in Indigenous communities, and the COVID-19 pandemic proved how vital Extension programs are to their development and survival.

Keywords: Indigenous communities; COVID-19; settler colonialism; Cooperative Extension
3D radiative heating of tropical upper tropospheric cloud systems derived from synergistic A-Train observations and machine learning
Authors: Stubenrauch Claudia J. , Caria Giacomo , Protopapadaki Sofia E. , Hemmer Friederike
Published: January 2021

Abstract. Upper tropospheric (UT) cloud systems constructed from Atmospheric
Infrared Sounder (AIRS) cloud data provide a horizontal emissivity
structure, allowing the convective core to be linked to anvil properties. By using
machine learning techniques, we composed a horizontally complete picture of
the radiative heating rates deduced from CALIPSO lidar and CloudSat radar
measurements, which are only available along narrow nadir tracks. To train
the artificial neural networks, we combined the simultaneous AIRS, CALIPSO
and CloudSat data with ERA-Interim meteorological reanalysis data in the
tropics over a period of 4 years.
The resulting non-linear regression models estimate the radiative heating
rates as a function of about 40 cloud, atmospheric and surface properties,
with a column-integrated mean absolute error (MAE) of 0.8 K d−1 (0.5 K d−1) for cloudy scenes and 0.4 K d−1 (0.3 K d−1) for clear sky in the longwave
(shortwave) spectral domain. Developing separate models for (i) high opaque
clouds, (ii) cirrus, (iii) mid- and low-level clouds and (iv) clear sky,
independently over ocean and over land, leads to a small improvement, when
considering the profiles. These models were applied to the whole AIRS cloud
dataset, combined with ERA-Interim, to build 3D radiative heating rate
fields. Over the deep tropics, UT clouds have a net radiative heating effect
of about 0.3 K d−1 throughout the troposphere from 250 hPa downward. This radiative heating enhances the column-integrated latent heating by about 22±3 %. While in warmer regions the net radiative heating
profile is nearly completely driven by deep convective cloud systems, it is
also influenced by low-level clouds in the cooler regions. The heating rates
of the convective systems in both regions also differ: in the warm regions
the net radiative heating by the thicker cirrus anvils is vertically more
extended, and their surrounding thin cirrus heat the entire troposphere by
about 0.5 K d−1. The 15-year time series reveal a slight increase of the
vertical heating in the upper and middle troposphere by convective systems
with tropical surface temperature warming, which can be linked to deeper
systems. In addition, the layer near the tropopause is slightly more heated
by increased thin cirrus during periods of surface warming. While the
relative coverage of convective systems is relatively stable with surface
warming, their depth increases, measured by a decrease of their near-top
temperature of -3.4±0.2 K K−1. Finally, the data reveal a connection of the mesoscale convective system (MCS) heating in the upper and middle troposphere and the (low-level) cloud cooling in the lower atmosphere in the cool regions, with a correlation coefficient equal to 0.72, which consolidates the hypothesis of an energetic connection between the convective regions and the subsidence regions.
Reviews and syntheses: Trends in primary production in the Bay of Bengal – is it at a tipping
point?
Authors: Löscher Carolin R.
Published: January 2021

Abstract. Ocean primary production is the basis of the marine food web, sustaining life in the ocean via photosynthesis, and removing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. Recently, a small but significant decrease of global marine primary production has been reported based on ocean color data, which was mostly ascribed to decreases in primary production in the northern Indian Ocean, particularly in the Bay of Bengal. Available reports on primary production from the Bay of Bengal (BoB) are limited, and due their spatial and temporal variability difficult to interpret. Primary production in the BoB has historically been described to be driven by diatom and chlorophyte clades, while only more recent datasets also show an abundance of smaller, visually difficult to detect cyanobacterial primary producers. The different character of the available datasets, i.e. direct counts, metagenomic and biogeochemical data, and satellite-based ocean color observations, make it difficult to derive a consistent pattern. However, making use of the most highly resolved dataset based on satellite imaging a shift in community composition of primary producers is visible in the BoB over the last two decades. This shift is driven by a decrease in chlorophyte abundance, and a coinciding increase in cyanobacterial abundance, despite stable concentrations of total chlorophyll. A similar but somewhat weaker trend is visible in the Arabian Sea, where satellite imaging points towards decreasing abundances of chlorophytes in the North and increasing abundances of cyanobacteria in the eastern parts. Statistical analysis indicated a correlation of this community change in the BoB to decreasing nitrate concentrations, which may provide an explanation for both, the decrease of eukaryotic nitrate-dependent primary producers and the increase of small unicellular cyanobacteria related to Prochlorococcus, which have a comparably higher affinity to nitrate. Changes in community composition of primary producers and an overall decrease of system productivity would strongly impact oxygen concentrations of the BoB's low oxygen intermediate waters. Assuming decreasing nitrate concentrations and concurrent decreasing biomass production, export and respiration, oxygen concentrations within the oxygen minimum zone would not be expected to further decrease, an effect which would be enhanced by stronger stratification as a result of future warming. Therefore, given a decrease in primary production, the BoB may not be at a tipping point for becoming anoxic, unless external nutrient inputs increase.
The response of annual minimum temperature on the eastern central Tibetan Plateau to large volcanic eruptions over the period 1380–2014 CE
Authors: Wang Yajun , Shao Xuemei , Zhang Yong , Li Mingqi
Published: January 2021

Abstract. Volcanic eruptions have a significant impact on global
temperature; their consequences are of particular interest in regions that
are especially sensitive to climate change, like the Tibetan Plateau. In
this study, we develop a temperature-sensitive tree-ring-width standard
chronology covering the period 1348–2014 CE using Qilian juniper (Sabina przewalskii (Kom.))
samples collected from the Animaqin Mountains on the Tibetan Plateau. We
reconstruct the annual (prior August to current July) mean minimum
temperature (Tmin) since 1380 CE and show that our reconstruction
explains 58 % of the variance during the 1960–2014 calibration period. Our
results demonstrate that in 77.8 % of cases in which a volcanic eruption
with a Volcanic Explosivity Index of 5 or greater occurs, temperature
decreases in the year of or the year following the eruption. The results of
the superposed epoch analysis also indicate that there is a high probability
that the Tmin decreases for 2 years after a large volcanic eruption,
especially when such eruptions occur in the Northern Hemisphere.
The unidentified volcanic eruption of 1809: why it remains a
climatic cold case
Authors: Timmreck Claudia , Toohey Matthew , Zanchettin Davide , Brönnimann Stefan , Lundstadt Elin , Wilson Rob
Published: January 2021

Abstract. The 1809 eruption is one of the most recent unidentified volcanic eruptions with a global climate impact. Even though the eruption ranks as the 3rd largest since 1500 with an eruption magnitude estimated to be two times that of the 1991 eruption of Pinatubo, not much is known of it from historic sources. Based on a compilation of instrumental and reconstructed temperature time series, we show here that tropical temperatures show a significant drop in response to the ~1809 eruption, similar to that produced by the Mt. Tambora eruption in 1815, while the response of Northern Hemisphere (NH) boreal summer temperature is spatially heterogeneous. We test the sensitivity of the climate response simulated by the MPI Earth system model to a range of volcanic forcing estimates constructed using estimated volcanic stratospheric sulfur injections (VSSI) and uncertainties from ice core records. Three of the forcing reconstructions represent a tropical eruption with approximately symmetric hemispheric aerosol spread but different forcing magnitudes, while a fourth reﬂects a hemispherically asymmetric scenario without volcanic forcing in the NH extratropics. Observed and reconstructed post-volcanic surface NH summer temperature anomalies lie within the range of all the scenario simulations. Therefore, assuming the model climate sensitivity is correct, the VSSI estimate is accurate within the uncertainty bounds. Comparison of observed and simulated tropical temperature anomalies suggests that the most likely VSSI for the 1809 eruption would be somewhere between 12–19 Tg of sulfur. Model results show that NH large-scale climate modes are sensitive to both volcanic forcing strength and its spatial structure. While spatial correlations between the N-TREND NH temperature reconstruction and the model simulations are weak in terms of the ensemble mean model results, individual model simulations show good correlation over North America and Europe, suggesting the spatial heterogeneity of the 1810 cooling could be due to internal climate variability.
Data on the elemental composition (mobile fractions and total
content) of soils in catena at the SE Valdai Hills, Russia
Authors: Enchilik Polina , Semenkov Ivan , Kasimov Nikolay
Published: January 2021

Abstract. This study presents a dataset on seasonal soils sampling from September 2016 to May 2018 in the southern part of the Central Forest Reserve (SE Valdai Hills) within a catena with Endocalcaric Albic Glossic Stagnic Profondic Retisols (Cutanic, Loamic) and Albic Gleyic Histic Retisols (Cutanic, Loamic) under coniferous-deciduous forest (Tília cordáta, Pícea ábies, Ácer platanoídes) on loess-like loams underlain by carbonate moraine deposits. 152 soil samples were taken to define total concentration of 67 chemical elements (ChEs), content of three mobile fractions (exchangeable, bound within organo-mineral complexes, bound with Fe and Mn hydroxides) of 69 ChEs and content of residual fraction, including macro elements (Al, Ca, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Na, P, Ti, S, Si), heavy metals (Ba, Co, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, Rb, Sr, Th, U, V, Zn), trace elements (Ag, As, B, Be, Bi, Br, Cd, Cs, Ge, Hf, Li, Mo, Nb, Pd, Sb, Sc, Se, Sn, Ta, Te, Tl,W, Zr) and rare earth elements (Ce, Er, Eu, Gd, La, Lu, Nd, Pr, Sm, Tb, Tm, Dy, Ho, Y, Yb). We measured pH-value, total organic carbon content (TOC), seven particle-size classes (
Technical note: Evaporating water is different from bulk soil water in δ2H and δ18O
Authors: Wang Hongxiu , Jin Jingjing , Si Bingcheng , Ma Xiaojun , Wen Mingyi
Published: January 2021

Abstract. Soil evaporation is a key process in the water cycle and can be conveniently quantified with δ2H and δ18O in bulk surface soil water (BW). However, recent research shows that larger soil pore water evaporates first and differs from small pore water in δ2H and δ18O, which disqualifies quantification of evaporation from BW δ2H and δ18O. We hypothesize that BW has different isotopic compositions than evaporating water (EW). Therefore, our objectives are to test the hypothesis, and to evaluate if the difference alters the calculated evaporative water loss. We measured isotopic composition in soil water in two continuous evaporation periods in a summer maize field. Period Ⅰ had a duration of 32 days following a precipitation event and Period Ⅱ lasted 24 days following an irrigation event with a 2H-enriched water. BW was obtained by cryogenically extracting water from samples of 0–5 cm soil taken every three days; EW was derived from condensation water collected every two days on plastic film placed on soil surface. Results showed that when newly added water was heavier than pre-event BW, δ2H of BW in Period Ⅱ decreased with the increase of evaporation time, indicating evaporation of heavy water; when newly added water was lighter than pre-event BW, δ2H and δ18O of BW in Period Ⅰ and δ18O of BW in Period Ⅱ increased with increasing evaporation time, suggesting evaporation of light water. Moreover, relative to BW, EW had significantly smaller δ2H and δ18O in Period Ⅰ and significantly smaller δ18O in Period Ⅱ (p  0.05). Our results have important implication for quantifying evaporation process with water stable isotopes.