bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
1H NMR-Based Metabolomics Profile of Green and Red Amaranthus Grown in Open Field versus Greenhouse Cultivation System
Authors: Nemadodzi Lufuno Ethel , Managa Gudani Millicent
Published: December 2023

Traditionally, indigenous African leafy vegetables such as Amaranthus, blackjack, jute mallow, cleome monophyla, and spider plants have been conventionally and organically grown as weeds in open fields. However, the lack of land space due to the increase in population has resulted in unconventional, modern, and advanced agricultural farming. The introduction of a greenhouse has recently become the second most popular growing system alongside shade net and glasshouse to increase productivity and meet consumers’ demand. Several studies on Amaranthus species have solely focused on physiological parameters and nutritional composition, leaving a huge gap on their metabolomic profile of the leaves which is crucial to comprehend when growing Amaranthus species in different cropping systems. Therefore, the study aimed to determine the influence of different cropping systems on the release of metabolites of two commonly consumed Amaranthus species in South Africa. H1 -Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) tool was used to profile the untargeted metabolites of green (Amaranthus graecizans L.) and red (Amaranthus cruentus L.) species. A total of 12 metabolites—trehalose, betaine, glutamine, choline, sucrose, caprate, adenosine, asparagine, carnitine, caffeine, aspartate, and alanine—were detected in green amaranth grown in open fields. Except for caffeine, aspartate, and caprate, which were found in the green amaranth grown in open fields, all the other metabolites were detected in the greenhouse grown once. Interestingly, allantoin, which serves as an allelochemical, was the sole distinct metabolite detected in greenhouse cultivated green amaranth. On the contrary, seven similar metabolites were quantified in red amaranth grown in both open fields and greenhouses, apart from caffeine, which was only detected in greenhouse-cultivated red amaranth.
Role of the Bacterial Amyloid-like Hfq in Fluoroquinolone Fluxes
Authors: Turbant Florian , Esnouf Emeline , Rosaz Francois , Wien Frank , Węgrzyn Grzegorz , Chauvet Hugo , Arluison Véronique
Published: December 2023

Due to their two-cell membranes, Gram-negative bacteria are particularly resistant to antibiotics. Recent investigations aimed at exploring new target proteins involved in Gram-negative bacteria adaptation helped to identify environmental changes encountered during infection. One of the most promising approaches in finding novel targets for antibacterial drugs consists of blocking noncoding RNA-based regulation using the protein cofactor, Hfq. Although Hfq is important in many bacterial pathogens, its involvement in antibiotics response is still unclear. Indeed, Hfq may mediate drug resistance by regulating the major efflux system in Escherichia coli, but it could also play a role in the influx of antibiotics. Here, using an imaging approach, we addressed this problem quantitatively at the single-cell level. More precisely, we analyzed how Hfq affects the dynamic influx and efflux of ciprofloxacin, an antibiotic from the group of fluoroquinolones that is used to treat bacterial infections. Our results indicated that the absence of either whole Hfq or its C-terminal domain resulted in a more effective accumulation of ciprofloxacin, irrespective of the presence of the functional AcrAB-TolC efflux pump. However, overproduction of the MicF small regulatory RNA, which reduces the efficiency of expression of the ompF gene (coding for a porin involved in antibiotics influx) in a Hfq-dependent manner, resulted in impaired accumulation of ciprofloxacin. These results led us to propose potential mechanisms of action of Hfq in the regulation of fluoroquinolone fluxes across the E. coli envelope.
Genetic Engineering of Agrobacterium Increases Curdlan Production through Increased Expression of the crdASC Genes
Authors: McIntosh Matthew
Published: December 2023

Curdlan is a water-insoluble polymer that has structure and gelling properties that are useful in a wide variety of applications such as in medicine, cosmetics, packaging and the food and building industries. The capacity to produce curdlan has been detected in certain soil-dwelling bacteria of various phyla, although the role of curdlan in their survival remains unclear. One of the major limitations of the extensive use of curdlan in industry is the high cost of production during fermentation, partly because production involves specific nutritional requirements such as nitrogen limitation. Engineering of the industrially relevant curdlan-producing strain Agrobacterium sp. ATTC31749 is a promising approach that could decrease the cost of production. Here, during investigations on curdlan production, it was found that curdlan was deposited as a capsule. Curiously, only a part of the bacterial population produced a curdlan capsule. This heterogeneous distribution appeared to be due to the activity of Pcrd, the native promoter responsible for the expression of the crdASC biosynthetic gene cluster. To improve curdlan production, Pcrd was replaced by a promoter (PphaP) from another Alphaproteobacterium, Rhodobacter sphaeroides. Compared to Pcrd, PphaP was stronger and only mildly affected by nitrogen levels. Consequently, PphaP dramatically boosted crdASC gene expression and curdlan production. Importantly, the genetic modification overrode the strict nitrogen depletion regulation that presents a hindrance for maximal curdlan production and from nitrogen rich, complex media, demonstrating excellent commercial potential for achieving high yields using cheap substrates under relaxed fermentation conditions.
Insights into the Cell Division of Neospora caninum
Authors: Tomasina Ramiro , González Fabiana C. , Echeverría Soledad , Cabrera Andrés , Robello Carlos
Published: December 2023

Neospora caninum is an apicomplexan protozoan parasite responsible for causing neosporosis in a range of animal species. It results in substantial economic losses in the livestock industry and poses significant health risks to companion and wild animals. Central to its survival and pathogenicity is the process of cell division, which remains poorly understood in this parasite. In this study, we explored the cell division of Neospora caninum using a combination of modern and classic imaging tools, emphasizing its pivotal role in perpetuating the parasite’s life cycle and contributing to its ability to persist within host organisms. We described the intricacies of endodyogeny in Neospora caninum, detailing the dynamics of the cell assembly and the nuclear division by ultrastructure expansion microscopy and regular confocal microscopy. Furthermore, we explored the centrosome dynamics, the centrioles and the apicoplast through the advancement of the cell cycle. Our analysis described with unprecedented detail, the endodyogeny in this parasite. By advancing our understanding of these molecular mechanisms, we aimed to inspire innovative strategies for disease management and control, with the ultimate goal of mitigating the devastating impact of neosporosis on animal health and welfare.
General Properties of Commingled Materials for Mix Designs
Authors: Barsi David , Wilson G. Ward
Published: December 2023

Tailings volumes continue to collectively increase worldwide, leading to larger dams and tailings management facilities. With numerous high-profile dam failures in the past decade, the risks of these management practices are also growing. A potential shift to waste management practices at mineral mines is to commingle waste rock and dewatered tailings. This blended material should have superior physical strength properties provided by the waste rock together with improved chemical stability characteristics associated with the low permeability of the tailings. Ideally, commingled tailings and waste rock can be used to construct various mined earth landforms that are both physically and chemically stable, which will enhance operational performance and ultimately provide for the sustainable decommissioning and closure of the mining facility. To study these materials, the University of Alberta Geotechnical Centre is working with global industry partners to test commingled materials from several mine sites with varying ore and host rock types and climate regimes. The first stage of this study is described here and is focused on the optimum density, saturated hydraulic conductivity, and soil–water characteristic curves of various blend ratios, performed at laboratory scale.
Comparative Study of the Characteristics of Lower Cambrian Marine Shale and Their Gas-Bearing Controlling Factors in the Middle and Lower Yangtze Areas, South China
Authors: Dong Hezheng , Zhou Dongsheng , Deng Ziyan , Huang Xiaowei
Published: December 2023

This study comparatively analyzed the geological, geochemical, reservoir, and gas-bearing characteristics of the lower Cambrian marine shale in the Middle and Lower Yangtze regions. The main factors controlling the gas-bearing properties of the shales were identified, and the favorable and unfavorable conditions for shale gas accumulation are discussed. The results show that the organic carbon contents and thermal evolution degree of the organic matter in the lower Cambrian marine shale in the Lower Yangtze area were higher than those generally found in the Middle Yangtze area. The brittle mineral composition of the Middle Yangtze area was typically low silicon and high calcium, whereas the Lower Yangtze area was characterized by high silicon and low calcium. The development of micropores in the Lower Yangtze area was poorer than in the Middle Yangtze area, with the organic pores being particularly underdeveloped. The adsorption capacity of shale in the Lower Yangtze area was obviously higher than in the Middle Yangtze area. It was considered that the organic carbon content, thermal evolution degree, and molecular structure of kerogen were the main factors that controlled the adsorption properties of the shale. In addition, the Lower Yangtze area suffered a stronger tectonic transformation and frequent magmatic activity, and the preservation conditions were inferior to those in the Middle Yangtze area.
Prediction and Optimisation of Copper Recovery in the Rougher Flotation Circuit
Authors: Amankwaa-Kyeremeh Bismark , McCamley Conor , Zanin Max , Greet Christopher , Ehrig Kathy , Asamoah Richmond K.
Published: December 2023

In this work, the prediction and optimisation of copper flotation has been conducted in the rougher flotation circuit. The copper-recovery prediction involved the application of support vector machine (SVM), Gaussian process regression (GPR), multi-layer perceptron artificial neural network (ANN), linear regression (LR), and random forest (RF) algorithms on 15 rougher flotation variables at the BHP Olympic Dam. The predictive models’ performance was assessed using linear correlation (r), root mean square error (RMSE), mean absolute percentage error (MAPE), and variance accounted for (VAF). A simulated annealing (SA) optimisation algorithm, particle swarm optimisation (PSO) algorithm, surrogate optimisation (SO) algorithm, and genetic algorithm (GA) were investigated, using the GPR predictive function, to determine the optimal operating condition for maximising copper recovery. The predictive function of the best-performing model was extracted and used in optimising the flotation circuit. The results showed that the GPR model developed with the matern 3/2 kernel function makes the most precise copper-recovery prediction as compared to the other investigated predictive models, obtaining r values > 0.96, RMSE values < 0.42, MAPE values < 0.25%, and VAF values > 94%. A hypothetical optimisation solution assessment showed that SA provides the best set of solutions for the maximisation of rougher copper recovery, obtaining a throughput of 638.02 t/h and a total net gain percentage of 14%–15.5% over the other optimisation algorithms with a maximum copper recovery of 94.76%. The operational benefits of implementing these algorithms have been highlighted.
Propylene Production via Oxidative Dehydrogenation of Propane with Carbon Dioxide over Composite MxOy-TiO2 Catalysts
Authors: Florou Alexandra , Bampos Georgios , Natsi Panagiota D. , Kokka Aliki , Panagiotopoulou Paraskevi
Published: December 2023

The CO2-assisted oxidative dehydrogenation of propane (ODP) was investigated over titania based composite metal oxides, 10% MxOy-TiO2 (M: Zr, Ce, Ca, Cr, Ga). It was found that the surface basicity of composite metal oxides was significantly higher than that of bare TiO2 and varied in a manner which depended strongly on the nature of the MxOy modifier. The addition of metal oxides on the TiO2 surface resulted in a significant improvement of catalytic performance induced by a synergetic interaction between MxOy and TiO2 support. Propane conversion and propylene yield were strongly influenced by the nature of the metal oxide additive and were found to be superior for the Cr2O3-TiO2 and Ga2O3-TiO2 catalysts characterized by moderate basicity. The reducibility of the latter catalysts was significantly increased, contributing to the improved catalytic performance. This was also the case for the surface acidity of Ga2O3-TiO2 which was found to be higher compared with Cr2O3-TiO2 and TiO2. A general trend was observed whereby catalytic performance increased significantly with decreasing the primary crystallite size of TiO2. DRIFTS studies conducted under reaction conditions showed that the adsorption/activation of CO2 was favored on the surface of composite metal oxides. This may be induced by the improved surface basicity observed with the MxOy addition on the TiO2 surface. The Ga2O3 containing sample exhibited sufficient stability for about 30 h on stream, indicating that it is suitable for the production of propylene through ODP with CO2 reaction.
A Nanoporous Polymer Modified with Hexafluoroisopropanol to Detect Dimethyl Methylphosphonate
Authors: Wang Xuming , Li Xin , Wu Qiang , Yuan Yubin , Liu Weihua , Han Chuanyu , Wang Xiaoli
Published: December 2023

The increasing threat of nerve agents has prompted the need for gas sensors with fast response, high sensitivity, and good stability. In this work, the hexafluoroisopropanol functional group was modified on a porous aromatic framework material, which served as a sensitive material for detecting dimethyl methylphosphonate. A nerve agent sensor was made by coating sensitive materials on a surface acoustic wave device. Lots of pores in sensitive materials effectively increase the specific surface area and provide channels for diffusion of gas molecules. The introduction of hexafluoroisopropanols enables the sensor to specifically adsorb dimethyl methylphosphonate and improves the selectivity of the sensor. As a result, the developed gas sensor was able to detect dimethyl methylphosphonate at 0.8 ppm with response/recovery times of 29.8/43.8 s, and the detection limit of the gas sensor is about 0.11 ppm. The effects of temperature and humidity on the sensor were studied. The results show that the baseline of the sensor has a linear relationship with temperature and humidity, and the temperature and humidity have a significant effect on the response of the sensor. Furthermore, a device for real-time detection of nerve agent is reported. This work provides a new strategy for developing a gas sensor for detecting nerve agents.
Photocatalysis Based on Metal Halide Perovskites for Organic Chemical Transformations
Authors: Jagadeeswararao Metikoti , Galian Raquel E. , Pérez-Prieto Julia
Published: December 2023

Heterogeneous photocatalysts incorporating metal halide perovskites (MHPs) have garnered significant attention due to their remarkable attributes: strong visible-light absorption, tuneable band energy levels, rapid charge transfer, and defect tolerance. Additionally, the promising optical and electronic properties of MHP nanocrystals can be harnessed for photocatalytic applications through controlled crystal structure engineering, involving composition tuning via metal ion and halide ion variations, dimensional tuning, and surface chemistry modifications. Combination of perovskites with other materials can improve the photoinduced charge separation and charge transfer, building heterostructures with different band alignments, such as type-II, Z-scheme, and Schottky heterojunctions, which can fine-tune redox potentials of the perovskite for photocatalytic organic reactions. This review delves into the activation of organic molecules through charge and energy transfer mechanisms. The review further investigates the impact of crystal engineering on photocatalytic activity, spanning a diverse array of organic transformations, such as C–X bond formation (X = C, N, and O), [2 + 2] and [4 + 2] cycloadditions, substrate isomerization, and asymmetric catalysis. This study provides insights to propel the advancement of metal halide perovskite-based photocatalysts, thereby fostering innovation in organic chemical transformations.
Virtual Reality and Simulation Videos as Effective Training Tools for Creating Safe and Inclusive Environments for Transgender People
Authors: García-Acosta Jesús Manuel , Castro-Molina Francisco Javier , Delgado Naira , Díez-Fernández Olga , Rodríguez-Novo Natalia , de Castro-Peraza María Elisa , Lorenzo-Rocha Nieves Doria , Torres-Jorge Jesús Miguel , Fernández-Martínez Alfredo David , Castellano-Fuenmayor María Andreína
Published: December 2023

Background: University education is undergoing a paradigm shift towards active methodologies, such as virtual reality and training videos, which have proven to be valuable resources, especially in the health sciences. The scarcity of existing research on the topic prompted us to conduct this study, which seeks to measure the knowledge gained from the aforementioned tools by users, their level of satisfaction with them, and their perceived utility. Methods: This is a quasi-experimental intervention study analysing the impact of virtual objects as learning resources for undergraduate nursing students. Results: Fifty-four participants completed the training, yielding highly significant differences between their mean scores, with a high statistical power and a large effect size. A total of 85.46% of participants confirmed that the virtual resources helped them considerably to empathise with the experiences of trans people in healthcare settings. Students were comfortable using the virtual resources, very satisfied with the methodology employed, and would recommend the training received. Conclusions: University teaching must adapt to meet the current legislations and changing health needs of society, and teaching staff must be prepared to implement new active teaching methodologies that make learning a more dynamic process. Considering these results, our study serves as a guide for other nursing educators who seek to promote inclusive healthcare regarding gender diversity. This study is not registered.
The Sink-Source Relationship in Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) Is Modulated by DNA Methylation
Authors: Wang Yudan , Zhang Huimin , Gu Jiawen , Chen Chen , Liu Jiexia , Zhang Zhiping , Hua Bing , Miao Minmin
Published: December 2023

The optimization of the sink-source relationship is of great importance for crop yield regulation. Cucumber is a typical raffinose family oligosaccharide (RFO)-transporting crop. DNA methylation is a common epigenetic modification in plants, but its role in sink-source regulation has not been demonstrated in RFO-translocating species. Here, whole-genome bisulfite sequencing (WGBS-seq) was conducted to compare the nonfruiting-node leaves (NFNLs) and leaves of fruit setting (FNLs) at the 12th node by removing all female flowers in other nodes of the two treatments. We found considerable differentially methylated genes enriched in photosynthesis and carbohydrate metabolic processes. Comparative transcriptome analysis between FNLs and NFNLs indicated that many differentially expressed genes (DEGs) with differentially methylated regions were involved in auxin, ethylene and brassinolide metabolism; sucrose metabolism; and RFO synthesis pathways related to sink-source regulation. Moreover, DNA methylation levels of six sink-source-related genes in the pathways mentioned above decreased in leaves after 5-aza-dC-2′-deoxycytidine (5-Aza-dC, a DNA methyltransferase inhibitor) treatment on FNLs, and stachyose synthase (CsSTS) gene expression, enzyme activity and stachyose content in RFO synthesis pathway were upregulated, thereby increasing fruit length and dry weight. Taken together, our findings proposed an up-to-date inference for the potential role of DNA methylation in the sink-source relationship, which will provide important references for further exploring the molecular mechanism of DNA methylation in improving the yield of RFO transport plants.
Research Status and Development Trend of Cylindrical Gas Film Seals for Aeroengines
Authors: Jiang Haitao , Yu Shurong , Wang Shengshun , Ding Xuexing , Jiang Andi
Published: December 2023

High-performance aeroengine design is an important component of modern industry, and advanced sealing technology is a key technology to meet the engine fuel consumption rate, thrust-to-weight ratio, pollutant emission, durability, and lifetime. Reducing the internal airflow leakage of the engine through a sealing technology can improve the performance and efficiency of the engine. In this paper, the typical sealing technology for an aeroengine is introduced in more detail, including the structural characteristics and use limitations of the labyrinth seal, brush seal, honeycomb seal, gas film face seal, and cylindrical gas film seal. It focuses on the development history, typical structure type, working principle, basic technology research method, steady-state performance, dynamic characteristics, multi-physical field coupling, structural deformation, experimental testing, processing technology. Finally, it summarizes the problems and future development trends of the current application of the cylindrical gas film seal in aeroengines, and points out that the seal performance test and evaluation based on advanced composite sensor technology and the innovative design of the seal based on new material, a new principle, and a new structure will be the new research direction.
Influence of Cold Plasma Processing on the Stability of Phenolic Compounds of Araça-Boi (Eugenia stipitata) Juice
Authors: Porto Elaine C. , Maia Dayanne L. H. , Rodrigues Sueli , Fernandes Fabiano A. N. , Campelo Pedro H.
Published: December 2023

Knowledge of the chemical changes caused during plasma treatment is essential to enhance food quality. In this work, the influence of two cold plasma technologies, dielectric barrier discharge plasma and glow discharge plasma, on the phenolic profile of araça-boi (Eugenia stipitata) juice was investigated and assessed by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry. Eight phenolic compounds were identified in araça-boi, with cinnamic acid being the major phenolic compound of the fruit juice, followed by protocatechuic acid. The effects of excitation frequency and plasma flow rate were evaluated because these are the main operating conditions that can be set for plasma treatments. The phenolic profile slightly changed due to the reaction of the phenolics with the reactive plasma species produced during the treatment, with the highest increase in phenolic content observed in the dielectric barrier discharge plasma operating at 1000 Hz. Both plasma systems increased the bioavailability of phenolic compounds in the juice, which could be increased by up to 201% using the dielectric barrier discharge plasma. Plasma application increased the concentration of cinnamic, hydrocinnamic, benzoic, and p-coumaric acids. Overall, plasma treatment improved the bioavailability of the phenolic compounds and resulted in slight changes to the phenolic profile of araça-boi juice. Thus, the technology showed a positive effect on araça-boi juice. This work advanced our further understanding of the changes induced by cold plasma treatment on phenolic compounds and characterization of araça-boi (Eugenia stipatata).
Neuroanatomical Correlates of Anxiety Disorders and Their Implications in Manifestations of Cognitive and Behavioral Symptoms
Authors: Jeanne Mathilde , Carson Fraser , Toledo Felippe
Published: December 2023

Developing an anxiety disorder can be the source of further cognitive, behavioral, and emotional struggles, impacting the quality of life of people experiencing such disorders and leading to a burden on health systems. Increased knowledge of the neurobiological events leading to the development of such disorders can be crucial for diagnostic procedures, as well as the selection and adaptation of therapeutic and preventive measures. Despite recent advances in this field, research is still at the initial steps when it comes to understanding the specific neurofunctional processes guiding these changes in the brains of people with an anxiety disorder. This narrative review gathered knowledge from previous studies, with the aim of evaluating the neuroanatomical changes observed in individuals experiencing social or generalized anxiety disorder (SAD, GAD), to further link these anxiety-related structural modifications with brain function abnormalities and the expression of symptoms in individuals experiencing anxiety disorders. In addition, contradictory results are discussed, leading to suggestions for future studies.
Access to DTP-Based Combination Vaccines in Asia–Pacific Countries between 2019 and 2022
Authors: Ma Jiyan , Sun Yinuo , Cui Yuxuan , Dong Jingya , Huang Yangmu
Published: December 2023

The Asia–Pacific countries are highly diverse in health and economic conditions that may impact vaccine access and uptake. Our study aimed to characterize patterns of health access to DTP-based combination vaccines in 10 countries from 2019 to 2022 using the IQVIA-MIDAS database. The availability, affordability, and accessibility were compared across countries by national health and economic performance indicators using Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient. Our findings showed that the three aspects of access to DTP-based vaccines varied substantially in the Asia–Pacific region, with higher levels in countries with better health and economic performance. Affected by the COVID-19 pandemic, vaccine accessibility fluctuates significantly in lower-income countries, with DTP coverage rates falling by more than 14% in the Philippines and Indonesia between 2019 and 2021. For availability and affordability, Singapore and Malaysia from high-income groups were largely affected, which may be related to health expenditure as a percentage of gross domestic product (Coefficient = 0.39, p = 0.03). Our study indicates that greater attention needs to be paid to national health expenditure and routine immunization services to improve vaccine disparities and increase the robustness and resilience of the vaccine supply chain during public health emergencies.
Influência de Bioestimulantes sobre a qualidade fisiológica de sementes de dois híbridos de milho
Authors: Gomes do Nascimento Felipe , Anjos Danilo Nogueira dos
Published: December 2023

Na cultura do milho (Zea mays L.), os bioestimulantes ainda apresentam resultados incoerentes. Dessa forma, objetivou-se com esse trabalho, avaliar sua influência sobre a qualidade fisiológica de sementes de dois híbridos de milho. O experimento foi realizado no IFMT campus Confresa-MT, sob o delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado (DIC), no esquema fatorial 2 x 4, sendo dois híbridos (B2856 VYHR e B2701 PWU) por dois bioestimulantes (ACADIAN® e BIOZYME®,) e a mistura (ACADIAN® + BIOZYME®), além da testemunha, sendo oito tratamentos com quatro repetições. Os parâmetros avaliados foram: emergência (E), índice de velocidade de emergência (IVE), tamanho de raiz (TMR), tamanho de parte aérea (TMPA), massa fresca de raiz (MFR), massa fresca de parte aérea (MFPA), massa seca de raiz (MSR) e massa seca de parte aérea (MSPA). Os bioestimulantes não influenciaram na qualidade fisiológica de semente dos dois híbridos de milho. O híbrido B2701 PWU foi superior ao B2856 VYHR nos parâmetros E, IVE, TMPA, MFR, MFPA e MSPA.
Evaluating Forest Ecosystem Services in the Greater Khingan Mountains Area Using Remote Sensing
Authors: Gao Ting , Gao Zhihai , Sun Bin , Liu Hao , Wu Zhitao
Published: December 2023

Evaluating forest ecosystem services (
FES
) is crucial for comprehensively recognizing forest value and for formulating targeted forest management plans. However, hurdles persist in traditional
FES
evaluations that are based on conventional data (e.g., statistical yearbooks and survey data), such as a coarse evaluation scale and difficulty in formulating refined and spatially continuous evaluation results. Forest canopy cover, canopy height, and forest aboveground biomass (
AGB
) are the core fundamental inputs of a robust
FES
evaluation. Their accuracy and degree of refinement will influence the final evaluation results obtained. To overcome the above issues, this study first explored accurate estimation methods for all 3 parameters above and then evaluated
FES
multidimensionally, by using these results combined with other remote sensing products and applying various principles and algorithms. Our results show that a high estimation accuracy (>80%) of the 3 key parameters is achievable for coniferous to broad-leaved forest stands and that
FES
evaluation results are obtainable with a high resolution and spatial continuity. The service functions, such as nutrient retention, carbon sequestration and oxygen release, and product supply are stronger while others relatively are weaker. It is worth noting that carbon storage by the
AGB
carbon pool surpasses that of other carbon pools. Finally, the potential of
FES
varies according to forest type. Compared with broad-leaved forest, coniferous forest has a greater capacity for product supply, windbreak, and sand fixation services. This study offers a methodological reference for the formulation of policies related to the paid use of
FES
.
Exploration on the Possible Bump-on-Tail Instability in VASIMR
Authors: Jing Dong , Chang Lei , Yang Xin , Xia Ying , Zhang Jin-Heng , Zhou Hai-Shan , Luo Guang-Nan
Published: December 2023

The bump-on-tail (BOT) instability is generally caused by a beam of energetic particles existing in relatively cold background plasma. The employment of second-stage wave-driven module in the variable specific impulse magnetoplasma rocket (VASIMR) yields the production of energetic ions, which could drive the BOT instability. The present work explores this possibility for the first time via numerical simulations based on the experimental data on the VASIMR, i.e., referring to VX-50. It is found that the BOT instability does exist even in the plume region away from antenna. The results indicate that velocity space diffusion provides a stabilizing effect on the nonlinear evolution of waves, while dissipation in the bulk plasma essentially impedes it. To show the practical values implied by these computations, the influences of this BOT instability on the power coupling and thrust are investigated particularly. These findings are valuable for VASIMR, as well as other plasma thrusters that yield energetic particles inside relatively cold background plasma, to suppress BOT instability and thus increase the power coupling efficiency and thrust performance.
Quantitative Mapping of Transient Thermodynamic States in Ultrafast Laser Nanostructuring of Quartz
Authors: Nguyen H. D. , Tsaturyan A. , Joao S. Sao , Dwivedi R. , Melkonyan A. , D’Amico C. , Kachan E. , Colombier J. P. , Kermouche G. , Stoian R.
Published: December 2023

Understanding material structural reaction to light is of utmost importance to advance processing resolution in ultrafast laser volume structuring into the nanoscale. Selective thermodynamic pathways are required to quench energy transport in the most rapid manner and to confine the process to nanometer lengths, bypassing optical resolution. Quantifying material dynamics under confinement, with in situ access to transient local temperature and density parameters, thus becomes key in understanding the process. We report in situ reconstruction of thermodynamic states over the entire matter relaxation path in bulk
α
-quartz irradiated by ultrafast nondiffractive laser beams using time-resolved qualitative and quantitative optical phase microscopy. Thermooptic dynamics indicate rapid spatially confined crystalline-to-amorphous transition to a hot dense fused silica form. Densification exceeds 20% and the matrix temperature rises to more than 2,000 K in the first nanosecond. This structural state relaxes in hundreds of nanoseconds. The dispersion and time design of the optical beam to picosecond durations increases the spatial confinement and triggers an extreme nanostructuring process based on nanocavitation that occurs within the amorphizing material, where the low-viscosity phase lowers the mechanical requirements for the process. Processing feature scales of less than a tenth of the optical wavelength are obtained in the volume. This allows for structural and morphological nanoscale material features under 3D confinement that can engineer optical materials.
ПУБЛІЧНЕ УПРАВЛІННЯ В ПІСЛЯКРИЗОВИЙ ПЕРІОД: ЗМІЦНЕННЯ ІНСТИТУЦІЙ ТА ПОТЕНЦІАЛУ
Authors: Колісніченко Наталя
Published: December 2023

Стаття розкриває концептуальне підґрунтя публічного управління в посткризові часи через зміцнення його інституцій та потенціалу. Досліджено трактування термінів «криза», «антикризове управління», «посткризове управління». Розглядаються дві посткризові концепції: посткризовий дискурс, який прагне пояснити та виправдати минулі дії; посткризовий дискурс оновлення, де фокус зосереджений на подоланні обмежень, спричинених кризою, та дослідженні нових можливостей. Прослідковується розвиток посткризових теорій від проактивного управління кризою до цілісних підходів. Розглядаються деякі моделі управління кризою. Порівнюється кризове управління та управління проблемами як тісно пов’язані між собою та аналізуються аспекти управління проблемами, та кроки управління кризами. Розкриваються ключові аспекти кризового менеджменту щодо питань зміцнення інституцій та потенціалу публічного управління.
ПСИХОЛОГІЧНІ ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ПРИЙНЯТТЯ УПРАВЛІНСЬКИХ РІШЕНЬ У СФЕРІ НАЦІОНАЛЬНОЇ БЕЗПЕКИ
Authors: Костенюк Наталя
Published: December 2023

Проаналізовано психологічні особливості прийняття управлінських рішень у сфері національної безпеки. Визначено, що процес прийняття управлінських рішень складається із наступних складових: аналіз проблемної ситуації, яка потребує вирішення; постановка цілі, які необхідно досягнути; альтернативні варіанти вирішення ситуації; обґрунтований вибір однієї із альтернатив. Також проаналізовано, що при прийнятті управлінських рішень у сфері національної безпеки у публічних службовців активізуються такі особистісні компоненти, як: самосвідомість, самоконтроль, високий рівень професійної мотивації, відкритість до нового професійного досвіду та нові адаптивні можливості, достатній рівень саморегуляції, готовність брати відповідальність за прийняті управлінські рішення.
Визначено, що до основних недоліків інформаційного забезпечення прийняття управлінських рішень у сфері національної безпеки є затримка у надходженні інформації; інформаційні перешкоди; недостатня розповсюдженість джерел; недостовірність даних; політичний вплив на інформацію.
З’ясовано, що до ключових аспектів, які характеризують складність прийняття управлінських рішень у сфері національної безпеки відносяться багатофакторність; неоднорідність загроз;  глобальний контекст; соціальні наслідки; інформаційна складність.
Проаналізовані основні об'єктивні фактори, які впливають на процес прийняття управлінських рішень у сфері національної безпеки, тобто закони та нормативи, які регулюють діяльність публічних органів у сфері національної безпеки, можуть суттєво впливати на можливість та обсяги дій службовців; доступ до точної та актуальної інформації є критичним у прийнятті рішень у сфері національної безпеки; фізичне та соціальне середовище, включаючи комунікаційну інфраструктуру та можливість співпраці з іншими органами та країнами, може впливати на реалізацію рішень.
Визначено, що на психологічному рівні процеси прийняття рішення у сфері національної безпеки носять характер суб’єктивних дій та певної психологічної активності. Подальша активність зумовлена виділенням суб’єктом можливих альтернатив відповідно до зовнішніх чинників. Етап реалізації прийнятого рішення передбачає складну і розгалужену активність суб’єкта. На етапі контролю й аналізу результатів і наслідків прийняття рішення реалізується рефлексивна активність суб’єкта та задіється компенсаторна активність як результат активної взаємодії суб’єкта і середовища. На кожному етапі процес прийняття управлінського рішення регулюється системою групової діяльності.
ІНФОРМАЦІЙНІ СИСТЕМИ ТА ТЕХНОЛОГІЇ В ПУБЛІЧНОМУ УПРАВЛІННІ
Authors: Попов Микола , Комаровський Іван , Яценко Володимир
Published: December 2023

Питання цифрової трансформації системи публічного управління пропонується розглядати в контексті побудови відповідної моделі, обов’язковою складовою якої повинна бути інформаційна складова. Відповідно до існуючих підходів до представлення системи публічного управління, процес формування інформаційного середовища пропонується розглядати відповідно до концепції «реінжинірингу бізнес-процесів». Доведено, що основою інформаційного середовища системи публічного управління має бути база даних, яка включає модуль аналітичної обробки інформації. Ефективність обміну даними пропонується забезпечити на основі практики «контролінгу» та модульності самої інформаційної системи.
РІВЕНЬ ВОЛОДІННЯ ПРАЦІВНИКАМИ ОРГАНІВ ПУБЛІЧНОЇ ВЛАДИ НЕОБХІДНИМИ ЗНАННЯМИ, ВМІННЯМИ І НАВИЧКАМИ
Authors: Красников Євген
Published: December 2023

Виклики сьогодення вимагають формування високопрофесійного інституту публічної служби в Україні, забезпечення умов його ефективного функціонування завдяки кваліфікованому персоналу, здатному на високому рівні проводити політику держави, вчасно реагувати на трансформаційні виклики. Саме тому дедалі більшої актуальності набуває дослідження проблематики оцінки рівня володіння працівниками органів публічної влади необхідними знаннями, вміннями і навичками для ефективного функціонування органів влади та якісного надання публічних послуг.
У статті проведений аналіз рівня володіння працівниками органів публічної влади Північно-Східного регіону України необхідними знаннями, вміннями і навичками, їх здатність ефективно виконувати поставлені перед ними завдання, а також надавати якісні публічні послуги. За допомогою даного дослідження виявлено кращі і гірші  професійні характеристики, якими володіють службовці органів місцевої влади.
У статті автором залежно від профілюючих видів діяльності співробітників органів публічної влади всі знання, вміння і навички, що пропонувалися респондентам для розгляду, було розподіллено на кілька груп за ступенем їхньої важливості для виконання конкретних видів робіт, що в свою чергу дозволило виділити основні професійні прогалини для тієї чи іншої категорії службовців органів публічної влади.
Автором визначено найбільш розповсюджені професійні недоліки службовців органів місцевої влади та запропоновано шляхи,  які сприятимуть досягненню більш ефективних результатів у зазначену напрямку.
Guidelines for the diagnosis and management of idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura
Authors: Melikyan A. L. , Pustovaya E. I. , Tsvetaeva N. V. , Egorova E. K. , Danishyan K. I. , Galstyan G. M.
Published: December 2023

Introduction. Primary immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is an autoimmune disease caused by the production of antibodies to the membrane structures of platelets and their precursors — megakaryocytes, which causes not only increased destruction of platelets, but also inadequate thrombocytopoiesis, characterized by isolated thrombocytopenia below 100.0×109/L and the presence/absence of hemorrhagic syndrome of varying severity.Aim: to present modern recommendations for the diagnosis and treatment of ITPBasic information. The recommendations are based on the experience of Russian and international experts, the leadership of the international working group on the study of primary immune thrombocytopenia, and recommendations of the European and American Societies of Hematology using new data on the development and course of ITP. Approaches to the treatment of the disease using new drugs from the group of thrombopoietin receptor agonists are present
SINTOMAS DE DEPRESSÃO E APOIO SOCIAL DE PESSOAS COM INSUFICIÊNCIA CARDÍACA: UMA REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA
Authors: Vieira Ana Luísa , De Farias Pontes Cecília Alexandrina , Barbosa de Lima Riane , Ferreira de Araújo Renata , De Carvalho Viana Lia Raquel , Rosa Ribeiro da Silva Cleane , De Abreu Freitas Sthephanie , de Freitas Macedo Costa Kátia Neyla
Published: December 2023

Objetivo: avaliar na literatura evidências acerca dos sintomas de depressão e do apoio social em pessoas com insuficiência cardíaca. Método: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa de literatura, realizada nas bases de dados MEDLINE, PyscINFO e Scopus, com os descritores “Heart Failure”, “Depression e “Social Support” indexados na plataforma Descritores em Ciências de Saúde. Foram selecionados artigos originais e na íntegra, publicados entre 2011 a 2020, em português, inglês e espanhol. Resultados: Compuseram o estudo 10 artigos, que qualificaram o apoio familiar como principal tipo de apoio social. Como fatores que influenciaram a incidência dos sintomas de depressão encontrou-se principalmente o baixo apoio social (70%), a idade (40%) e a classificação da New York Heart Association, em classes de maior gravidade (30%). Conclusão: Observou-se que a maioria dos artigos apresentou correlações entre o baixo nível de apoio social e o aparecimento de sintomas de depressão em pacientes com insuficiência cardíaca.
CONHECIMENTO DOS PROFISSIONAIS DE SAÚDE SOBRE COMUNICAÇÃO DE MÁS NOTÍCIAS EM UM PRONTO SOCORRO
Authors: Cardoso Bruna da Silva , Garcia Isadora Emílio , Dos Santos Daffiny Cardoso , Félix Eduarda Maia , Rodrigues Larissa Pinheiro , Da Silva Marcelo Moreira , Cardoso Ângela Maria Rosas , Pereira Moisés Wesley de Macedo
Published: December 2023

Objetivo: Esse estudo teve como objetivo identificar o processo de comunicação de más notícias pelos profissionais de saúde que atuam em uma unidade de Pronto Socorro de um hospital de atenção secundária a rede de saúde do Distrito Federal, visando reconhecer as estratégias e a utilização do Protocolo SPIKES.  Método: Estudo observacional, descritivo com abordagem qualitativa e exploratória, realizada com 24 profissionais de saúde (enfermeiros, técnicos de enfermagem, fisioterapeutas e médicos) lotados no Pronto Socorro. A coleta de dados foi realizada por meio de entrevista em profundidade com roteiro semiestruturado, cuja análise ocorreu com utilização do software Iramuteq® e da Análise de Conteúdo de Bardin, categorias temáticas. Resultado: Evidenciou-se que no âmbito do Pronto Socorro os profissionais desconhecem o Protocolo SPIKES e não utilizam nenhum protocolo para informar más notícias aos pacientes e familiares. Conclusão: Os profissionais necessitam de capacitação profissional, pois relatam possuir dificuldades para lidarem com tais situações.
Harnessing the power of seaweed: unveiling the potential of marine algae in drug discovery
Authors: Pereira Leonel , Valado Ana
Published: December 2023

Seaweeds, also known as marine algae, have gained attention as a promising source of bioactive compounds with potential applications in drug discovery. This review explores the emerging field of seaweed-based drug discovery and highlights the diverse range of bioactive compounds found in seaweeds, including polysaccharides, phlorotannins, pigments, and peptides. These compounds exhibit various pharmacological activities such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antiviral, and anticancer effects. Seaweeds have demonstrated particular promise in the areas of cancer research, with certain species showing potent antitumor properties. Additionally, their anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and neuroprotective potential has captured scientific interest in the treatment of chronic diseases and neurodegenerative disorders. However, challenges related to compound identification, extraction methods, scalability of seaweed cultivation, and understanding the mechanisms of action still need to be addressed. As researchers employ advanced technologies and dive deeper into the chemical composition of seaweeds, the untapped potential of these marine organisms in drug discovery awaits further exploration and holds significant promise for future therapeutic advancements.
Deep Learning for Enhanced Marine Vision: Object Detection in Underwater Environments
Authors: Dakhil Radhwan Adnan , Khayeat Ali Retha Hasoon
Published: December 2023

This study leverages the Semantic Segmentation of Underwater Imagery (SUIM) dataset, encompassing over 1,500 meticulously annotated images that delineate eight distinct object categories. These categories encompass a diverse array, ranging from vertebrate fish and invertebrate reefs to aquatic vegetation, wreckage, human divers, robots, and the seafloor. The use of this dataset involves a methodical synthesis of data through extensive oceanic expeditions and collaborative experiments, featuring both human participants and robots. The research extends its scope to evaluating cutting-edge semantic segmentation techniques, employing established metrics to gauge their performance comprehensively. Additionally, we introduce a fully convolutional encoder-decoder model designed with a dual purpose: delivering competitive performance and computational efficiency. Notably, this model boasts a remarkable accuracy of 88%, underscoring its proficiency in underwater image segmentation. Furthermore, this model's integration within the autonomy pipeline of visually-guided underwater robots presents its tangible applicability. Its rapid end-to-end inference capability addresses the exigencies of real-time decision-making, vital for autonomous systems. This study elucidates the model's practical benefits across diverse applications like visual serving, saliency prediction, and intricate scene comprehension. Crucially, the utilization of the Enhanced Super-Resolution Generative Adversarial Network (ESRGAN) elevates image quality, enriching the foundation upon which our model's success rests. This research establishes a solid groundwork for future exploration in underwater robot vision by presenting the model and the benchmark dataset.
La psychiatrie publique : entre sacrifice et initiation
Authors: Leray Gilles
Published: December 2023

Certains séjours prolongés en hôpital psychiatrique ne s’expliquent pas par la psychopathologie particulière des patients. Pour le comprendre, il faut analyser les conditions dans lesquelles ils ont été exclus de leur milieu de vie. Ce processus s’apparente à à une démarche sacrificielle, où la violence mimétique est à la fois agie et niée. La victime émissaire ne peut alors se représenter le mécanisme dont elle est l’objet et auquel pourtant elle participe activement. S’appuyant sur les analyses de R. Girard, l’auteur donne quelques exemples de ces mécanismes impitoyables, auxquels seule une pratique initiatique peut s’opposer.
Intransigencia y tolerancia religiosa en el primer liberalismo español
Authors: La Parra López Emilio
Published: December 2023

Ce texte examine l’ampleur que le principe d’intolérance religieuse eut parmi les premiers libéraux espagnols, en partant du constat que l’intolérance était un élément essentiel de la culture politique espagnole du début du xix e  siècle, cadre chronologique de référence. Au contraire des réalistes ou « serviles », les libéraux ne concevaient pas l’intolérance comme un principe inamovible, intrinsèque au catholicisme, mais comme une prescription du pouvoir civil qui pouvait être altérée par ce pouvoir lui-même, s’il l’estimait opportun. Nous exposons ainsi les raisons pour lesquelles le débat sur la tolérance n’a pas été envisagé à ce moment-là. Nous proposons une interprétation de l’article 12 de la Constitution de 1812 qui montre comment, au cours des débats parlementaires, les libéraux nuancèrent la notion d’intolérance des cultes contenu dans l’article constitutionnel.