bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Compuestos de yeso con adición de fibras textiles de algodón recicladas = Gypsum compounds with the addition of post-consumer textile fibres of cotton
Authors: Castillo-Rodríguez Anabel Patricia , Santander-Peralta Luz Alejandra , García-Navarro Justo
Published: July 2023

La sostenibilidad en el sector de la construcción es clave en la reducción del consumo de recursos como materiales y energía, es fundamental adoptar acciones más eficientes en procesos de construcción como la reutilización de residuos. Por ello el presente trabajo analiza la incorporación de residuos textiles posconsumo de algodón en las propiedades físico-mecánicas de compuestos de yeso. Se realizó un trabajo experimental en donde se ensayaron probetas de yeso de 4x4x16 cm adicionadas con fibras posconsumo de algodón en diferentes formatos, y longitudes (20 y 35mm), adiciones de 0,5% y fibras de 35mm de longitud incrementaron la resistencia a flexión y compresión en un 5,9% y 11% respectivamente, y la absorción de agua por capilaridad descendió un 26% con el 1% de adición. Finalmente se observó que las fibras reducen el desprendimiento de fragmentos de yeso al momento de alcanzar la carga de rotura, mejorando la tenacidad de los compuestos.AbstractSustainability in the construction sector is key in reducing the consumption of resources such as materials and energy, it is essential to adopt more efficient actions in construction processes such as the reuse of waste. For this reason, the present work analyses the incorporation of post-consumer cotton textile waste in the physical-mechanical properties of gypsum composites. An experimental work was carried out where gypsum specimens of 4x4x16 cm were tested with post-consumer cotton fibres in different formats and lengths (20 and 35mm), additions of 0.5% and fibres of 35mm in length increased the flexural and compressive strength by 5.9% and 11% respectively, and the capillary water absorption decreased by 26% with 1% of addition. Finally, it was observed that the fibres reduce the detachment of gypsum fragments at breaking load, improving the toughness of the composites.
Evaluación de la capacidad de resistencia al fuego de una estructura de hormigón armado tras un terremoto = Post-earthquake fire capacity assesment of a reinforced concrete frame
Authors: Haouach Ismail , Lamri Belkacem , Kada Abdelhak
Published: July 2023

Un terremoto es uno de los peligros más desastrosos que puede sufrir un edificio. Puede ir seguido de incendios, cuyos efectos pueden ser mayores que los del propio seísmo en las zonas urbanas. Las normas de construcción actuales no tienen en cuenta esta doble acción, que actúa de forma secuencial y descuida la probabilidad de que se produzcan incendios después de un terremoto. Los edificios no están suficientemente diseñados para este tipo de acciones que pueden conducir al colapso. El objetivo de este artículo es presentar una evaluación de la capacidad de resistencia al fuego tras un terremoto (PEF) de un armazón de hormigón armado que se ha seleccionado de un edificio, diseñado de acuerdo con los códigos de diseño de edificios de Argelia. Se realiza un análisis sísmico no lineal del armazón para evaluar su capacidad portante frente al efecto del terremoto. El armazón dañado se someterá a altas temperaturas debidas al fuego y se analizará numéricamente mediante el software ANSYS APDL, incluyendo las no linealidades geométricas y de materiales. Los resultados muestran que cuando una estructura, previamente dañada por la acción sísmica, se expone a un incendio posterior al terremoto, su vulnerabilidad se ve influida en comparación con la de la estructura expuesta únicamente al fuego. Se discute el modo de colapso global o local de la estructura sometida a un incendio post-terremoto o a un incendio solo.AbstractEarthquake is one of the most disastrous hazards that a building can suffer. It can be followed by fires, the effects of which may be greater than those of the earthquake itself in urban areas. The current building standards do not take this double action into account, which acts in a sequential manner and neglects the probability of fires occurring after an earthquake. Buildings are not sufficiently designed for such actions which can lead to collapse. The aim of this article is to present an assessment of the post-earthquake fire (PEF) capacity of a reinforced concrete frame that has been selected from a building, designed according to Algerian building design codes. A non-linear seismic analysis of the frame is carried out in order to assess its bearing capacity against the effect of the earthquake. The damaged frame will be subjected to high temperatures due to fire and numerically analysed using ANSYS APDL software including material and geometric nonlinearities. The results show that when a structure, previously damaged by seismic action, is exposed to a post-earthquake fire, its vulnerability is influenced compared to that of the structure exposed to fire alone. The mode of global or local collapse of the structure subjected to post-earthquake fire or to fire alone is discussed.
Evaluasi Difusi Teknologi Lubang Resapan Biopori di Musim Penghujan untuk Reduksi Genangan Air Hujan dan Sampah Organik
Authors:   Universitas Islam Indonesia, Firdaus Feris
Published: July 2023

Teknologi lubang resapan biopori dihadirkan dalam rangka menjadi solusi praktis bagi persoalan yang terus berulang setiap tahun yang dialami masyarakat dusun Krandon Wedomartani Ngemplak Sleman D.I. Yogyakarta, yakni genangan air hujan di halaman rumah masyarakat dan ruas-ruas jalan saat musim hujan dan kelangkaan air sumur saat musim kemarau. Metode pelaksanaan dibagi beberapa tahapan kegiatan dan langkah-langkah untuk mengatasi permasalahan mitra yakni metode perancangan, sosialisasi, pembuatan, serta evaluasi performa teknologi lubang resapan biopori yang dikerjakan dengan pendekatan partisipatori yaitu pelaksana kegiatan dan masyarakat bersama-sama aktif dalam kegiatan. Lubang tutup pipa resapan biopori didesain berbeda, yang pertama berbentuk bulat diameter 0,5 cm dan yang kedua didesain memanjang dengan lebar 0,5 cm dan panjang 2 cm. Berdasarkan hasil pengamatan, diketahui bahwa model lubang bulat diameter 0,5 cm pada tutup pipa lubang biopori tampak tidak efektif dalam menyerap air hujan ke dalam tanah disebabkan terbentuk gelembung air berisi udara yang menutupi lubang penutup pipa sehingga air yang mengalir menuju lubang tertolak masuk dan terhempas ke samping. Adapun hasil pengamatan model lubang bulat memanjang yakni lebar 0,5 cm dan panjangnya 2 cm menunjukkan performa serapan airnya sangat efektif dan tidak terbentuk gelembung air berisi udara sehingga air dapat langsung masuk ke lubang resapan tanpa hambatan.
Pelatihan Pemasaran Digital dan Pengelolaan Desa Wisata Berbasis Masyarakat di Kawasan Sapuangin, Klaten, Jawa Tengah
Authors:   Universitas Islam Indonesia, Nur Maghfiroh Meilinda Fitriani , Indrawati Sri ,   Universitas Islam Indonesia, Janari Dian ,   Universitas Islam Indonesia, Ridwan Andi Purnomo Muhammad ,   Universitas Islam Indonesia
Published: July 2023

Kawasan Sapuangin merupakan salah satu jalur pendakian Gunung Merapi dengan sejumlah potensi menjadi desa wisata. Namun demikian, pengembangan desa wisata membutuhkan dukungan dan partisipasi masyarakat didalamnya. Sehingga dibutuhkan sebuah program pendampingan untuk memberikan edukasi terhadap masyakat Kawasan Sapuangin terkait desa wisata. Pelatihan dilakukan dengan empat tahap utama, yaitu: sosialisasi, penyuluhan teknis, pelatihan pemasaran digital serta pembuatan paket wisata. Proses evaluasi dan monitoring setelah pelatihan dilakukan setiap bulan untuk memastikan sarana pemasaran siap untuk digunakan.Sebagai bagian dari diversifikasi ekonomi pedesaan, diharapkan dengan pengembangan desa wisata dan pelatihan pemasaran digital dapat digunakan sebagai fondasi dan batu loncatan bagi pihak mayarakat di Kawasan Sapuangin untuk mengembangkan desa wisata yang lebih baik dan berkelanjutan.
On the Additive and Subtractive Representation of Even Numbers from Primes
Authors: Shehu Ali , Uka Jetmira
Published: July 2023

We demonstrate a new quantitative method to the sieve of Eratosthenes, which is an alternative to the sieve of Legendre. In this method, every element of a given set is sifted out once only, and therefore, this method is free of the Mobius function and of the parity barrier. Using this method, we prove that every sufficiently large even number is the sum of two primes, and that every even number is the difference of two primes in infinitely many ways.
Groundwater Investigation through Electrical Resistivity Tomography in the Galhareri District, Galgadud Region, Somalia: Insights into Hydrogeological Properties
Authors: Hussein Mahad Abdullahi , Ali Mohammed Yusuf , Hussein Hassan Ali
Published: July 2023

Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT) was conducted to delineate groundwater potential zones in villages located in the Galhareri district of the Galgaduud region, central Somalia. A total of four ERT profiles were examined using the gradient configuration, chosen for its practical advantages over other configurations. The study revealed that all profiles were situated within similar geological environments, characterized by comparable rock types. However, notable disparities were observed in lithological variations, particularly in the texture of rocks encountered at different locations and in the thicknesses of the encountered geo-electric layers. The two-dimensional inversion results derived from the electrical resistivity data unveiled the presence of four geo-electrical layers. The first layer was interpreted as sand dunes. The second layer exhibited relatively higher resistivity values, indicating the presence of compact limestone and sandstone. The resistivity of the third layer suggested the existence of a lower resistivity layer, interpreted as weathered limestone, while the fourth layer demonstrated very low apparent resistivity, interpreted as sandy clay with sandstone. The ERT models constructed for the survey area effectively delineated the aquifer zone, represented by layer 3, which likely consists of weathered limestone, sandy clay, and sandstone. The resistivity values obtained for the aquifer zone, specifically at depths ranging from 200 to 300 m, were relatively low, suggesting that the groundwater quality is brackish in nature
Substitution of Coxsackievirus A16 VP1 BC and EF Loop Altered the Protective Immune Responses in Chimera Enterovirus A71
Authors: Tan Xiu Hui , Chong Wei Lim , Lee Vannajan Sanghiran , Abdullah Syahril , Jasni Kartini , Suarni Saiful Qushairi , Perera David , Sam Jamal I-Ching , Chan Yoke Fun
Published: July 2023

Hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) is a childhood disease caused by enterovirus A71 (EV-A71) and coxsackievirus A16 (CV-A16). We hypothesize that capsid loops are important epitopes for EV-A71 and CV-A16. Seven chimeric EV-A71 (ChiE71) involving VP1 BC, DE, EF, GH and HI loops, VP2 EF loop, and VP3 GH loop were substituted with corresponding CV-A16 loops. VP3 GH loop is the most conserved (91.3%) while VP1 BC loop has only 45.5% similarity. Only ChiE71-1-BC, ChiE71-1-EF, ChiE71-1-GH and ChiE71-3-GH were viable. EV-A71 and CV-A16 antiserum neutralized ChiE71-1-BC and ChiE71-1-EF. Mice immunized with inactivated ChiE71 elicited high IgG, IFN-γ, IL-2, IL-4 and IL-10. Neonatal mice receiving passive transfer of WT EV-A71, ChiE71-1-EF and ChiE71-1-BC immune sera had 100%, 80.0% and no survival, respectively, against lethal challenges with EV-A71, suggesting that the substituted CV-A16 loops disrupted EV-A71 immunogenicity. Passive transfer of CV-A16, ChiE71-1-EF and ChiE71-1-BC immune sera provided 40.0%, 20.0% and 42.9% survival, respectively, against CV-A16. One-day-old neonatal mice actively immunized with WT EV-A71, ChiE71-1-BC, ChiE71-1-EF and CV-A16 achieved 62.5%, 60.0%, 57.1% and no survival respectively, after the EV-A71 challenge. Active immunization using CV-A16 provided full protection while WT EV-A71, ChiE71-1-BC, ChiE71-1-EF immunization showed partial cross-protection in CV-A16 lethal challenge with survival rates of 50.0%, 20.0%, and 40%, respectively. Taken together, the EV-A71 VP1 BC loop is essential in immunogenicity of EV-A71 and substitution with CV-A16 VP1 BC loop was insufficient to confer protection against CV-A16. The EF loop maintains the cross-protective immune responses. Disruption of a capsid loop could affect virus immunogenicity, and future vaccine design should include conservation of the enterovirus capsid loops.
Quorum Sensing: Unravelling the Intricacies of Microbial Communication for Biofilm Formation, Biogeochemical Cycling, and Biotechnological Applications
Authors: Israel Edamkue , Ramganesh Selvarajan , Abia Akebe Luther King , Chikere Chioma Blaise
Published: July 2023

Quorum sensing (QS), a well-established phenomenon in microorganisms, involves the communication between cells through chemical signals, which is dependent on cell density. Extensive research has been conducted on this microbial ability, encompassing the early stages of understanding QS to the latest advancements in the identification and characterization of its mechanisms. This minireview comprehensively examines the role of QS in various aspects, including biofilm formation, virulence in pathogenic bacteria such as Helicobacter pylori and Pseudomonas sp., as well as its influence on biogeochemical cycling in deep-sea environments. Furthermore, future progress in the field will be achieved by combining state-of-the-art methods for observing QS in the deep sea with a deeper understanding of the underlying processes, which will facilitate the engineering of microorganisms for improved degradation of persistent environmental pollutants and other biotechnological applications.
Analysis and Implementation of a Frequency Synthesis Based on Dual Phase-Locked Loops in Cs Beam Clock
Authors: Guo Guangkun , Li Chao , Hou Dong , Liu Ke , Sun Fuyu , Zhang Shougang
Published: July 2023

The frequency synthesizer is a critical component in Cs beam clock technology. In this paper, we present a demonstration of a direct microwave frequency-synthesis chain for a cesium-beam atomic clock, which utilizes frequency multiplication and a dual-phase-locked loop mode. A detailed analysis of the frequency-synthesis chain is conducted, and a mathematical model is established. The phase settling time and system stability are simulated, measured, and verified. The experimental results for the phase settling time align with the simulation outcomes. The phase settling time can be adjusted within the range of 644.5 µs to 1.5 ms, and the absolute phase noise values are -63.7 dBc/Hz, -75.7 dBc/Hz, -107.1 dBc/Hz, and -122.5 dBc/Hz at 1 Hz, 10 Hz, 1 kHz, and 10 kHz offset frequencies, respectively. Additionally, the Ramsey fringes are detected, and the Allan deviations of the 10 MHz output from the cesium-beam atomic clock are measured to be 2.99×10−12 at 1s and 8.02×10−14 at 10,000 s.
Changes in the Quality of Municipal Wastewater as a Consequence of Discharging Food Waste from Restaurants
Authors: Rodziewicz Joanna , Pesta Jarosław , Janczukowicz Wojciech , Mielcarek Artur
Published: July 2023

The use of food waste disposers in gastronomical facilities influence the municipal wastewater composition. Ground food waste poses problems in the operation of the sewerage network and generates high electric energy consumption in wastewater treatment plants (WWTP). The study aimed to determine, for five towns with a PE of 4,000 to 220,000, the volumes of catering waste discharged to the WWTPs. The towns differed in the number of inhabitants, beds in hotel and catering places. The calculations were made based on data received from the operators of WWTP. The pollutant concentrations in 2019, were compared with data from the "pandemic" year - 2020. The loads of catering waste entering the sewerage system in 2019 ranged from 32.7 to 1062 tons. In town with the largest tourist base, the BOD value in 2020 accounted for 62.3% of 2019 value. In the largest town, the annual energy consumption for food waste treatment could be up to 2,539,770 kWh. If the waste was fermented, it could be obtained up to 1,376,650 m3 of methane. There is a strong need for implementing a collection system for food waste from catering facilities and its fermentation to produce methane, which can be used for energy purposes.
Forecasting costs and risk of corn and soybean crops through Monte Carlo simulation
Authors: Amorim Fernando , Guimarães Camila , Marcomin Gilson , Batalha Mário Otávio , Afonso Paulo
Published: July 2023

In Brazil, the production of corn and soybeans has been growing significantly in recent years. Considering that the strategies for investing in the production of these crops are conditioned by production costs and risk, the objective of this article is to propose a simulation model that indicates the trend of production costs for these commodities, considering the dispersion and correlation of selected key variable prices and corn and soybean production costs practiced between the years of 2018 and 2022. Fifty specialized companies in the state of Sao Paulo, Brazil, provided data for this study, and Monte Carlo simulations showed that the total cost of corn production/ha is between USD 600.00 and USD 1150.00, with a level of certainty of 84.7%, and soybeans are in the range of USD 260.00 to USD 420.00, with a level of certainty of 86.4%. The model evidenced a trend of decreasing production costs for the crops for the 2023/24 and 2024/25 harvests, as the input with the greatest impact (fertilizer) is showing a downward trend. On the other hand, costs related to labor, soybean seed, and fungicides are showing an upward trend, while dolomitic limestone corrective remains stable.
Design of Semantic Understanding System for Optical Staff Symbols
Authors: Lou Fengbin , Lu Yaling , Wang Guangyu
Published: July 2023

Symbolic semantic understanding of staff images is an important part in music information retrieval. Due to the complex composition of staff symbols and the strong semantic correlation between symbol spaces, it is difficult to understand the pitch and duration of each note during performances. In this paper, we design a semantic understanding system for optical staff symbols. The system uses the YOLOv5 to implement optical staff’s low-level semantic understanding stage, which understands the pitch and duration in natural scales and other symbols that affect the pitch and duration. The proposed note encoding reconstruction algorithm is used to implement high-level semantic understanding stage. Such algorithm understands the logical, spatial, and temporal relationships between natural scales and other symbols based on music theory, and outputs digital codes for the pitch and duration of main notes during performances. The model is trained with a self-constructed SUSN dataset. Experimental results of YOLOv5 show that the precision is 0.989 and the recall is 0.972. For the system, the error rate is 0.031 and the omission rate is 0.021. The paper concludes by analysing the causes of semantic understanding errors and offers recommendations for further research. The results of this paper provide a method for multimodal music artificial intelligence applications such as notation recognition through listening, intelligent score flipping and automatic performance.
Design of Semantic Understanding System for Optical Staff Symbols
Authors: Lou Fengbin , Lu Yaling , Wang Guangyu
Published: July 2023

Symbolic semantic understanding of staff images is an important part in music information retrieval. Due to the complex composition of staff symbols and the strong semantic correlation between symbol spaces, it is difficult to understand the pitch and duration of each note during performances. In this paper, we design a semantic understanding system for optical staff symbols. The system uses the YOLOv5 to implement optical staff’s low-level semantic understanding stage, which understands the pitch and duration in natural scales and other symbols that affect the pitch and duration. The proposed note encoding reconstruction algorithm is used to implement high-level semantic understanding stage. Such algorithm understands the logical, spatial, and temporal relationships between natural scales and other symbols based on music theory, and outputs digital codes for the pitch and duration of main notes during performances. The model is trained with a self-constructed SUSN dataset. Experimental results of YOLOv5 show that the precision is 0.989 and the recall is 0.972. For the system, the error rate is 0.031 and the omission rate is 0.021. The paper concludes by analysing the causes of semantic understanding errors and offers recommendations for further research. The results of this paper provide a method for multimodal music artificial intelligence applications such as notation recognition through listening, intelligent score flipping and automatic performance.
Risk Factors for Elevated D-Dimer Levels in Patients with Gastrointestinal Tumors Treated with Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection
Authors: Komatsuda Shougo , Kodashima Shinya , Ikusaka Ken , Aoki Naoaki , Shimizu Yuki , Oda Minoru , Harada Fumito , Honda Taku , Komazaki Shingo , Sakurai Miyoko , Yanagisawa Daisuke , Maruyama Kyohei , Aoyagi Hitoshi , Isono Akari , Miura Ryo , Abe Koichiro , Arizumi Toshihiko , Asaoka Yoshinari , Yamamoto Takatsugu , Tanaka Atsushi
Published: July 2023

Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) is almost always performed with a sedative because of the longer procedure times involved. The risk of post-ESD deep vein thrombosis (DVT) has been reported as relatively high, and D-dimer levels are sometimes elevated after ESD. This retrospective study evaluated factors affecting changes in D-dimer levels from before to after ESD to identify causes of elevated D-dimer levels after ESD. This retrospective analysis included 117 patients with gastrointestinal tumors resected using ESD. After excluding 8 patients with pre-ESD levels of D-dimer >1.5 μg/mL, factors correlating with changes in D-dimer from before to after ESD were analyzed using logistic regression analysis in 109 patients. Sedation was accomplished primarily using midazolam, but because the sedative effect of midazolam shows marked inter-individual variability, a “corrected midazolam dose” was determined by dividing the total midazolam dose by the initial dose to correct for inter-individual differences in the sedative effect of midazolam. This value was used as one potential explanatory variable in subgroup analysis of the 103 patients who received midazolam. In subgroup analysis using the corrected midazolam dose as an explanatory variable, only corrected midazolam dose correlated with a change in D-dimer ≥ 1.0 μg/mL in multivariate analysis (odds ratio [OR]=1.5, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.43–0.95; P=0.030). Corrected midazolam dose correlated with increases in post-ESD D-dimer levels. This potential relationship indicates that patients undergoing ESD and requiring extended sedation may be at increased risk of DVT.
Waste-to-Hydrogen: A Sustainable Solution for Energy Generation and Waste Management in Nepal
Authors: Yadav Amarjeet , Tripathi Vivek Mani , Ali Samim , Yadav Adhishree , Raghuvanshi Vikas , Khan Shazeb , Chandra Dr. Vishal , Yadav Pramod
Published: July 2023

Waste-to-Hydrogen (Wahh) is a process of converting waste into hydrogen gas through various methods such as thermal conversion, biological conversion, and chemical conversion. This process not only helps in managing waste but also provides a clean source of energy as hydrogen is a renewable energy source that produces zero greenhouse gas emissions during combustion. Wahh has the potential to provide a sustainable solution for energy generation and waste management in the current scenario of globally increasing energy demands. This study aims to examine the properties and energy efficiencies of various renewable fuels including fuelwood, biogas, biomethane, and biohydrogen with a specific focus on differentiating the characteristics of biohydrogen. The paper explores the emerging concepts of waste-to-hydrogen microgrids, biohydrogen refineries, biohydrogen prosumer networks, and a biohydrogen circular economy, as well as Public-Private-People Partnerships (4Ps) and the hydrogen-centric renewable energy revolution, which are taking shape in industrialized countries. The study presents a comprehensive feasibility analysis of these concepts in the context of Nepal. The results of this research will provide valuable insights into the potential for adopting these innovative technologies in Nepal and will contribute to the development of a sustainable and efficient energy system.
Effectiveness of Agronomic Biofortification Strategy in Fighting against Hidden Hunger
Authors: Teklu Demeke , Gashu Dawd , Joy Edward J.M. , Amede Tilahun , Broadley Martin R
Published: July 2023

Micronutrient deficiencies (MNDs), also known as hidden hunger, affects more than a quarter of the global population. Agronomic biofortification helps to increase concentration of a target mineral in food crops and improve human mineral dietary intake. It is a means of providing nutrient dense foods to a larger population especially among rural resource poor settings, providing that they have access to mineral fertilizers. However, the feasibility of agronomic biofortification in combating hidden hunger depends on several factors besides fertilizer access, including crop type, genotype, climate, soils, and soil mineral interactions. Consideration of its effectiveness to increasing human mineral intakes to daily requirements and improvement to human health and the cost effectiveness the program is also important. In this paper we reviewed available literature regarding the potential effectiveness and challenges of agronomic biofortification to improve crop micronutrient concentrations and reduce hidden hunger.
INFLUENCE OF GRAPHENE OXIDE ON THE TEXTURE AND CHEMISTRY OF N, S-DOPED HIGHLY POROUS CARBON AND IMPLICATIONS FOR ELECTROCATALYTIC AND ENERGY STORAGE APPLICATION POTENTIAL
Authors: Andrade Samantha K. Samaniego , Lakshmi Shiva Shankar , Bakos István , Klébert Szilvia , Robert Kun , Mohai Miklós , Nagy Balázs , László Krisztina
Published: July 2023

High surface area carbon was obtained from -carrageenan – urea cryogels doped with 1.25 – 5 wt% graphene oxide (GO). Incorporation of GO resulted in multifaceted modification in the textural and chemical properties of the carbon cryogel. The thermal decomposition of GO facilitated the formation of micropores resulted in a substantial increase in the apparent surface area (up to 1780 m2/g). The annealing at 1000 °C removed part of the heteroatoms but left behind a high number of defects. While the volatile thermal degradation products of GO affected the porous texture and the surface chemistry in a complex way, its reduced residue resulted in a gradually increasing electrical conductivity. The influence of GO was studied in oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and in Li-ion storage application. GO affected the electron transfer mechanism in the ORR tests and challenged the stability of the electrodes. Even if the electrode has been stabilized under oxygen-free conditions, later may undergo destabilization processes during the ORR. The 5 wt% GO doped sample was the most sensitive under oxidative conditions, but finally it exhibited the highest capacitance. In the Li-ion battery tests the coulombic efficiency of all the samples was consistently above 98 %, indicating the great potential of such carbons for efficient Li-ion insertion and reinsertion during the charge – discharge process, thereby providing a promising alternative for graphite-based anodes. The cell from the 1.25% sample showed an initial discharge capacity of 313 mAh/g, 95.1 % capacity retention and 99.3 % coulombic efficiency after 50 charge – discharge cycles.
Epidemiology of Covid-19
Authors: Ludwig Serge Aho Glele
Published: July 2023

We provide a summary of various epidemiological parameters related to COVID-19 such as incubation period, serial interval and other parameters. Understanding these parameters is important for developing prevention strategies. SARS-CoV-2 can be transmitted by droplets and close contact, but there is evidence of airborne transmission. Aerosol-generating procedures have been identified as one of the specific risk factors for healthcare workers. Super-spreading events refer to situations where a small number of individuals cause the majority of infections. The basic reproductive number (R0) and the spread parameter (k) are used to characterise the transmissibility of the disease. Estimated values for R0 range from 2 to 3 and the estimated value for k is 0.1.The duration of infectiousness depends on viral load and shedding. Viral load varies according to factors such as clinical spectrum, type of variant and vaccination status. The relationship between viral load and infectivity is not fully understood.With regard to the frequency of symptoms and signs of COVID-19, fever, cough, fatigue and dyspnoea are common. The prevalence of olfactory and gustatory dysfunction (OGD) varies between studies and countries. Age and comorbidities are factors associated with olfactory dysfunction.Estimates of the proportion of asymptomatic patients range from 6% to 96%. Asymptomatic transmission is considered likely and is important for control measures.We reviewed the quantitative semiology of COVID-19 is reported on sensitivity, specificity and likelihood ratios of signs.Finally, we also review risk factors for COVID-19 (including health care workers), co-infections, and epidemiology of variants..
Holothurian Wall Hydrolysates Ameliorate Cyclophosphamide-Induced Immunocompromised Mice via Regulating Immune Response and Improving Gut Microbiota
Authors: Yan Chen , Qu Huiru , Li Xinli , Feng Bin
Published: July 2023

Some biologically active compounds isolated from sea cucumbers stimulate the body’s immune response through activating immune cells. Immune function is closed related to the integrity intestinal barrier and balanced gut microbiota. However, it is unknown whether daily administration of holothurian wall hydrolysates (HWH) ameliorated intestinal dysbiosis and barrier injury induced by immunodeficiency. This study aimed to investigate the immunomodulatory effect and the underlying mechanism of HWH in cyclophosphamide (CTX)-induced immunocompromised mice. BALB/c mice received CTX (80 mg/kg, intraperitoneally) once a day for 3 days to induce immunodeficiency, and then oral administration of HWH (80 or 240 mg/kg), levamisole hydrochloride (LH, 40 mg/kg, positive control) respectively once a day for 7 days. We utilized 16S rRNA sequencing for microbial composition alterations, histopathological analysis for splenic and colonic morphology, Western blotting for expressions of tight junction proteins (TJs), and quantitative real-time (qRT-PCR) for measurements of pro-inflammatory cytokines. HWH attenuated the immune organ damage induced by CTX, increased the secretions of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1β and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and promoted the recovery of goblet cells and the productions of TJs (claudin-1, occludin, and ZO-1) in the colon of the immunocompromised mice. Moreover, HWH promoted the growth of beneficial microorganisms such as Lactobacillus, Lachnospiraceae, Christensenellaceae, and Bifidobacterium, while suppressed the populations of Ruminococcus, Staphylococcus, and Streptococcus. These results demonstrate that HWH elicits intestinal mucosal immunity, repairs the damage to intestinal mucosal integrity, and normalizes the imbalanced intestinal microbial profiles in immunocompromised mice. It may be helpful to identify the biological activities of HWH, and supports the potential as new prebiotics, immunomodulatory agents, and medical additive for intestinal repair.
Relevance of Sustainable Knowledge and Environmental, Social and Economic Attitudes on the Sustainable Behaviour of Engineering Students: An Analysis Based on Attitudes Towards Teachers
Authors: Colón-Flores Nirda de Jesús , Vargas-Martínez Maira Rafaela , Tavarez De Henríquez Joselina Caridad , Domínguez-Valerio Cándida María
Published: July 2023

Education for Sustainable Development (ESD) is crucial in higher education, providing students with the knowledge, skills, and values necessary for a sustainable future. ESD seeks a holistic understanding of sustainability and promotes critical thinking and innovative approaches. Specifically, ESD is very important to address in engineering careers, as engineers will need to establish sustainable solutions in the future. For this reason, the integration of sustainability into university curricula has been studied for some time. In this way, this research analyses the perceptions (attitudes towards teachers; knowledge about sustainable development; environmental, economic and social attitudes; sustainable behaviours) that engineering students in the Dominican Republic have towards sustainable development. 626 questionnaires completed by engineering students were obtained. Subsequently, the data was analysed in SPSS and PLS-SEM. The results showed that attitudes towards teachers have an impact on engineering students' knowledge of sustainable development. In turn, the results also showed that knowledge about sustainable development influences both attitudes (economic, social and environmental) and sustainable behaviours of engineering students. Contrary to other research, this study suggested that economic attitudes are not identified as an antecedent of sustainable behaviours among engineering students. From these results, implications and future lines of research are generated.
The Influence of the Sous Vide Heating Time on Selected Characteristics of Pork Quality
Authors: Rezler Ryszard , Krzywdzińska-Bartkowiak Mirosława , Piątek Michał
Published: July 2023

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of sous-vide and pressure-cooker heating of pork muscles (Longissimus lumborum) on the physicochemical and technological characteristics of pork. The study included an analysis of the basic composition, colour, texture, nutritional value (vitamin B1 content), and rheological properties of meat heated at 60°C for 6-18h and, for comparison, in an autoclave at 121.1°C. The heating conditions affected the weight loss, colour, thiamine content, texture, and rheological properties of the meat. As the heating time increased, the texture determinants of firmness and chewiness decreased, which resulted in softer meat. The differences in the rheological properties of the sous-vide- and autoclave-heated meat resulted from different organ-isation of the spatial matrix of proteins and changes in the structure of muscle fibres caused by the high temperature.
Распространение вариантов вируса SARS-COV-2, вызывающих интерес (VOI) и субвариантов Omicron, находящихся под наблюдением (VUM), на основе количества их геномов, депонированных в базу данных GISAID за неделю с 8.07.2023 г. по 14.07.2023 г.
Authors: Дмитриева Людмила , Краснов Ярослав , Чумачкова Елена , Осина Наталья , Зимирова Анастасия , Иванова Александра , Карнаухов Игорь , Караваева Татьяна , Щербакова Светлана , Кутырев Владимир
Published: July 2023

В обзоре представлена информация по циркулирующим в настоящее время вариантам вируса SARS-COV-2 вызывающих интерес (VOI) и субвариантов Omicron, находящихся под наблюдением (VUM), геномные последовательности которых размещены в международной базе данных GISAID за неделю с 8.07.2023 г. по 14.07.2023 г.
Анализ динамики эпидемического процесса COVID-19 в мире за неделю с 08.07.2023 г. по 14.07.2023 г.
Authors: Зимирова Анастасия , Поспелов Михаил , Иванова Александра , Дмитриева Людмила , Чумачкова Елена , Карнаухов Игорь , Щербакова Светлана , Кутырев Владимир
Published: July 2023

В обзоре представлен анализ эпидемиологической ситуации в странах мира по COVID-19 за неделю с 08.07.2023 г. по 14.07.2023 г.
Sentiment Analysis Before Presidential Election 2024 Using Naïve Bayes Classifier Based On Public Opinion In Twitter
Authors: Prasetyo Heri , Fitrani Arif Senja
Published: July 2023

This study aims to determine the performance of the Naïve Bayes Classifier algorithm and sentiment analysis tested on a dataset obtained from Twitter social media scrapping with the topic of 2024 presidential candidates. Three candidates frequently discussed in public spaces were used as keyword parameters in data mining: #anis, #ganjar, and #pilpres2024, resulting in 3021 tweets extracted from 12/1/2022 to 31/1/2023, which were successfully converted to ".csv" format documents. Public opinions extracted from the dataset were then pre-processed using the Python programming language, resulting in 2157 cleaned tweets. The data that passed the pre-processing stage was then labeled as positive or negative sentiment. Sentiment analysis was performed using the Naïve Bayes Classifier algorithm with three testing experiments using different training and testing data compositions in each experiment. The results of the study showed that the best Naïve Bayes model was obtained in the first experiment with a 10% testing data and 90% training data composition, resulting in 71% accuracy, 93% precision, 66% recall, and an f-measure score of 77%. The conclusion of the study is that the electability of the 2024 presidential candidates shapes public opinion and generates public sentiment in the form of positive and negative tweets. Positive tweets had a higher percentage of 71.5% (1543), while negative sentiment tweets accounted for 28.5% (614). Further research is expected to produce different information by using different classification algorithms and larger data sets.
Effect Of Drying Tempeature And Various Blanching Methods On The Quality Of Cassava Leaf Flour (Manihot esculenta C)
Authors: Rahma Selma Amelia , Saidi Ida Agustini
Published: July 2023

This research was conducted because of the high protein content in cassava leaves which causes cassava leaves to be easily damaged, therefore turning cassava leaves into flour will extend the shelf life of cassava leaves. The method used in this study was a randomized block design (RBD) using 2 factors with 9 treatments repeated 3 times, so that 27 experimental units were obtained. This research uses ANOVA analysis which is then further tested with a 5% level of Honest Significant Difference (BNJ). The results showed that cassava leaf flour had a significant interaction on water content and protein content, while the antioxidant activity had no significant effect. The results showed that the lowest value for the parameter of water content was 6.05%, the highest value for the parameter for protein content was 27.10%, the highest value for the antioxidant parameter was 79.59%.
Halal Industry: A literature Bibliometric Review on Halal Studies
Authors: Darmawati Darmawati , Hardiana Dian , Mainata Dedy , Nuryadin Muhammad Birusman
Published: July 2023

The halal industry has become the fastest-growing global business and has reached 1.8 billion consumers globally with an estimated value of USD 2.1 trillion and has become the main focus for developing halal recognition processes or regulatory agencies in making the halal industry growth. This study aims to find out the most influential writers and what issues are most explored in the halal industry, the pattern of halal industry research, which countries and their relationship with publications can be used as benchmarks for further research, present findings from the most written articles, and provide direction for further research on the theme of the Halal Industry. This study quantitatively analyzes the literature on the halal industry, represented by 141 English articles from the Scopus database from 2009 to 2022. By using a bibliometric approach plus content analysis. This study found that Malaysia was the most relevant country: The University of Technology MARA is the most relevant institution, International Journal of Supply Chain Management, the Journal of Islamic Marketing, Malaysian Journal of Consumer and Family Economics, and Pertanika Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities. There are three main clusters of research: (1) Halal Business, (2) Halal Industry and Tourism, and (3) Halal Marketing and Certification.
MERCADO SECUNDARIO DE DEUDA BANCARIA DISTRESSED: DOCUMENTACIÓN Y CAUTELAS
Authors: Marco Asencio José
Published: July 2023

El presente artículo trata de explicar desde una visión práctica el funcionamiento de un proceso de venta de deuda bancaria con descuento, analizando las circunstancias que pueden impedir su cierre y los diferentes pasos a dar a tal fin, así como la documentación contractual que es necesario suscribir. Todo ello en el contexto de operaciones entre partes sofisticadas que deciden someterse a los marcos contractuales de la Loan Market Association.
REFLEXIONES SOBRE LA LEGITIMACIÓN PASIVA DE LA SOCIEDAD BENEFICIARIA EN UNA ESCISIÓN PARCIAL PARA SER DEMANDADA A RAÍZ DE LA SENTENCIA DEL TS DE SEPTIEMBRE DE 2022
Authors: Soler Samper Carlos
Published: July 2023

Las escisiones constituyen una modalidad de las operaciones denominadas “modificaciones estructurales” recogidas en la Ley 3/2009, de 3 de abril, sobre modificaciones estructurales de las sociedades mercantiles (en adelante “LME”). A pesar de su concreta regulación, siguen apareciendo ciertas dudas prácticas. En el presente artículos analizaremos un pronunciamiento del Tribunal Supremo donde la problemática radicaba en la legitimación pasiva de una sociedad beneficiaria de una escisión parcial para ser demandada en un proceso sobre nulidad de un contrato incluido en la unidad económica traspasada.
Gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase and indirect bilirubin may participate in systemic inflammation of patients with psoriatic arthritis
Authors: Wang Xu , Mao Yan , Ji Shang , Hu Huanrong , Li Qian , Liu Lichao , Shi Shaomin , Liu Yaling
Published: July 2023

Background: Previous studies have suggested that systemic metabolic abnormalities are closely related to Psoriatic arthritis (PsA). Gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) and indirect bilirubin (IBIL), two essential active substances in hepatic metabolism that have been demonstrated as an oxidative and anti-oxidative factor respectively, have been proved to be involved in oxidative stress damage and inflammation in several human diseases. However, their role in PsA remains unclear.
Methods: In this retrospective comparative cohort study, a case group of 68 PsA patients and a control group of 73 healthy volunteers from the Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University were enrolled. Serum GGT, IBIL, GGT/IBIL ratio and C-reactive protein (CRP), a well applied bio-marker of systemic inflammatory in PsA, were compared between the two groups. Furthermore, the relationship of GGT, IBIL and GGT/IBIL with CRP were explored in PsA patients. Finally, the patients were divided into high inflammation group and low inflammation group according to the median value of CRP. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were used for the association of systemic inflammation level with GGT, IBIL and GGT/IBIL.
Results: Compared with healthy controls, PsA patients exhibited significantly higher serum GGT, GGT/IBIL, and CRP levels and lower IBIL levels. Serum GGT and GGT/IBIL were positively correlated with CRP, whereas IBIL were negatively correlated with CRP. Binary logistic regression analysis revealed that serum GGT was a risk factor for high CRP in PsA, whereas IBIL was a protective factor. Furthermore, GGT/IBIL was a better indicator of high CRP condition in PsA patients than either GGT or IBIL alone, as determined by the receiver operating characteristic curves.
Conclusion: GGT and IBIL may participate in the pathogenesis of PsA. Additionally, GGT, IBIL and the balance of the two may reflect systemic inflammation mediated by oxidative stress events related to metabolic abnormalities to a certain extent.
Quantitative Analysis of 92 Sub-Elite Marathon Training Plans
Authors: Knopp Melanie , Appelhans Daniel , Schönfelder Martin , Seiler Stephen , Wackerhage Henning
Published: July 2023

A typical training plan is a mix of many training sessions with different intensities and durations to achieve a specific goal, like running a marathon in a certain time. Scientific publications provide little specific information to aid in writing a comprehensive training plan. This review aims to systematically and quantitatively analyse published subjective sub-elite marathon training plans and to synthesize the resultant recommendations for comparison with relevant research and as a starting point for hypothesis testing. We retrieved 92 marathon training plans and linked their running training sessions to five intensity zones. Subsequently, each training plan was grouped based on the total running volume in peak week into high (> 90 km/week), middle (65–90 km/week), and low (< 65 km/week) training volume plan categories. In the final eight weeks before a race, recommended weekly running volume averaged 105 km, 58 km, and 44 km for high, middle, and low distance marathon training plans. The intensity distribution of these plans followed a pyramidal training structure with 15-67-10-5-3%, 14-63-18-2-3%, and 10-68-17-3-2% in zones 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5, for high, middle, and low volume training plans, respectively. By quantitatively analysing 92 recommended marathon training plans, we can specify typical recommendations for marathon training plans and inform the discussion between sports scientists and coach practitioners. Whilst this approach has obvious limitations such as no evidence for the effectiveness of the training plans investigated, it is arguably a useful strategy to narrow the gap between science and practice.
Genomic complexity and complex chromosomal rearrangements in genetic diagnosis: example from two emblematic cases on chromosome 7
Authors: Villa Nicoletta , Redaelli Serena , Farina Stefania , Conconi Donatella , Sala Elena , Crosti Francesca , Mariani Silvana , Colombo Carla Maria , Dalprà Leda , Lavitrano Marialuisa , Bentivegna Angela , Roversi Gaia
Published: July 2023

Background.
Complex chromosomal rearrangements are rare events compatible with survival, consisting in imbalance and/or position effect, which contribute to a range of clinical pictures. The investigation and diagnosis of these cases is often difficult and knowing the methodology followed in similar cases can be very useful for others. The interpretation of the results does not always lead to the mechanism’s identification and can potentially create critical communication problems for a possible recurrence. Here, we investigated two carriers of complex abnormality of chromosome 7 with a severe clinical picture.
Case presentation.
The first case was a 2-year-old girl with a pathological phenotype. Conventional cytogenetics evidenced a duplication of part of the short arm of chromosome 7. By array-CGH analysis we found a complex situation with three discontinuous trisomy regions (7p22.1p21.3, 7p21.3, 7p21.3p15.3). The second case was a newborn investigated for hypo development and dysmorphism. His karyotype showed a structurally altered chromosome 7. The maternal karyotype evidenced a structurally rearranged chromosome 7: the long arm region (7q11.23q22) was inserted in the short arm, at 7p15.3. The array-CGH analysis on the child identified an even more complex picture with a trisomic region at 7q11.23q22 and a tetrasomic region of 4.5 Mb, between the 7q21.3 and the q22.1. The maternal array-CGH evidenced a trisomic portion corresponding to the tetrasomic region of the boy.
Conclusions.
Our work demonstrated, once again, that the support of both techniques is necessary to correctly interpret complex rearrangements. Finally, searching the literature and with bioinformatic tools, we found that segmental duplications, short interspersed elements (SINE) and long interspersed elements (LINE), may be responsible for these complex rearrangements.