bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Molecular docking study of the main phytochemicals of some medicinal plants used against COVID-19 by the rural population of Al-Haouz region, Morocco
Authors: Ghanimi Ridwane , Ouhammou Ahmed , El Atki Yassine , Cherkaoui Mohamed
Published: August 2022

Context: The infection by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a global health emergency. The management of this crisis requires the discovery of new drugs able to cure or reduce the severity of SARS-CoV-2. Aims: To explore the medicinal plants consumed by the rural population of Al-Haouz region against the emergence of the COVID-19, and to assess in silico the main phytochemicals present in the essential oils and the extracts of these medicinal plants, as potential inhibitors of the COVID-19 main protease (Mpro). Methods: The survey was conducted through a semi-structured questionnaire among 85 respondents aged 30 years and above, in the Al-Haouz region, Morocco. AutoDock Vina, was used to assess the binding affinity of the phytochemicals to the Mpro. Results: Eleven wild medicinal species were cited; 10 belonging to the Lamiaceae family and one to the Compositae family. Thymus saturejoides Coss., Artemisia herba-alba Asso.and Mentha suaveolens Ehrh. were respectively the three most cited species during the survey. The rosmarinic acid (-7.7 kcal/mol), hesperetin (-7.2 kcal/mol), gallocatechin (-7.2 kcal/mol) and cyasterone (-7.2 kcal/mol) have shown the higher inhibitory potential against covid-19 Mpro respectively. Conclusions: In addition to their different recognized biological activities, the medicinal plants used in the Al-Haouz region have shown good inhibitory potential against SARAS-CoV-2 Mpro. Furthermore, the phytochemicals that exhibited the highest inhibitory potentials in this virtual study require further investigation in vitro and in vivo.
Visualization of mucosa by gastroscopy evaluation using pre-preparation procedure with simethicone
Authors: Ortega-Moya Silvia P. , Martínez-Cabrera Ileana , Telles Guzmán Marita , Miyashiro Eduardo Iyo , Reyes Moreno José
Published: August 2022

Context: A solution of simethicone administrated orally before the scan endoscopy procedure is recommended as a good means to reduce the bubbles interference. Aims: To evaluate the reliability, reproducibility and effectiveness of simethicone pre-treatment before endoscopic exploration of patients not diagnosed with malignant digestive pathologies. Methods: The study was organized in two stages. Time zero was a retrospective reanalysis of data from 58 randomized patients (age 15-90 years) who had been evaluated by endoscopy without simethicone (Control group), and 66 patients (Simethicone group) who were recruited and received 62 mL of a simethicone pre-preparation drink, 30 min before examination. The second stage, using procedure with simethicone, was continued and after 6 months at the beginning, 88 subjects were randomized. Stability in the results was demonstrated with simethicone. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS v.21. Results: Analysis of comorbidities were represented with the highest prevalence being high blood pressure, diabetes mellitus, long-term depression, obesity and hypothyroidism. Results demonstrated similarity among endoscopist and between analysts within the same group (examination time, images resolved and with the best quality, by mucosal areas). However, these variables were different between groups, such that valuation quality was improved with simethicone, even 6 months after the initial evaluation. Conclusions: Use of simethicone as a pre-preparation drink 30 min before the endoscopy evaluation improves the quality of images and reduces the time of operation.
Studies on antidiabetic herbal formulations available in the herbal stores of Karachi, Pakistan
Authors: Shah Erum
Published: August 2022

Context: Diabetes mellitus is a condition, which is characterized by persistent hyperglycemia, abnormal functioning of insulin and difficulty in the metabolism of carbohydrates, fats and proteins. Antidiabetic medicines of herbal origin are widely consumed in Pakistan. Therefore, there was a need to generate data on antidiabetic herbal formulations manufactured and marketed in Pakistan. Aims: To develop a list of Pakistani manufactured antidiabetic herbal products and the most common herbal ingredients found in them. Methods: Antidiabetic herbal formulations were collected from the renowned herbal stores of Karachi, Pakistan, and their ingredients were checked. The most common herbal ingredients found in them were determined, and the possible constituents responsible for the antidiabetic action of these herbs were discovered. Results: A total of 15 herbal antidiabetic products were collected from the herbal stores. The most common herbs found in them include Syzygium cumini, Gymnemma sylvestre, Aloe vera, Nigella sativa, Acacia nilotica, Commiphora myrrha, Portulaca oleracea, Punica granatum, Rhus coriaria, Coriandrum sativum, Trigonella foenum-graecum, Bambusa bambos, Holarrhena antidysenterica, Swertia changii, Curcuma longa and Rumex vesicarius. The constituents responsible for antidiabetic activity include alkaloids, polysaccharides, glycosides, secoiridoid, phenolic acids, flavonoids, terpenoids, saponins and volatile oil. Conclusions: The herbs incorporated in these formulations have proven antidiabetic effects; therefore, these formulations can produce significant results in the management of diabetes. More research on each of these formulations is needed to confirm the potency of all these herbal products.
Effect of sikkam (Bischofia javanica Blume) ethanolic extract on the quality and quantity of hyperglycemic rat sperm
Authors: Ilyas Syafruddin , Hutahaean Salomo , Sinaga Rahmat S.H. , Situmorang Putri C.
Published: August 2022

Context: Hyperglycemia causes diabetes mellitus (DM), abnormal metabolism, oxidative stress, and chronic complications such as impotence. Hyperglycemia causes testicular atrophy and stromal cell, seminiferous tubular damage, and spermatogenic cells. Bischofia javanica Blume is a plant that is used for the treatment of various chronic conditions and has traditionally by the people of Indonesia as a diabetes medicine. Aims: To determine the effect of B. javanica extract on the increase in the quality and quantity of sperm of hyperglycemic rats. Methods: The treatment groups consisted of; G0: negative control (-), G1: positive control (DM: alloxan induction + standard feed), G2-G4: DM + 300, 600 and 900 mg/kg BW of B. javanica leaves ethanol extract, respectively, and G5: DM + glibenclamide 0.5 mg/kg BW. Rats were dissected, and then the testes were taken to analyze sperm quantity and quality and immunohistochemistry. Results: There was a significant difference (p<0.05) in testes volume, sperm concentration and sperm motility in hyperglycemic rats. The decrease in caspase 3 expression and apoptosis was accompanied by an increase in the dose of the highest B. javanica ethanol extract, and it was seen that testicular histology in groups G4 (900 mg/kg) and G5 (glibenclamide) could improve testicular histology like in the control group (G0). Conclusions: B. javanica can improve the quality and quantity of hyperglycemic rats’ sperm and also reduce apoptosis via caspase 3 in the histology of testis.
Validation of a UV spectrophotometric method to quantify losartan potassium in tablets from the dissolution test at pH 1.2, 4.5 and 6.8
Authors: Araujo-Fernandez Antonella S. , Uribe-Villarreal José C. , Perez-Chauca Enma , Alva-Plasencia Pedro M. , Caballero-Aquiño Olga E. , Ganoza-Yupanqui Mayar L.
Published: August 2022

Context: The validation of a method is synonymous with the quality of the obtained results. The dissolution test is an analytical technique to evaluate the quality and stability of drugs during their development. Aims: To evaluate whether the UV spectrophotometric method for the quantification of losartan potassium in tablets from the dissolution test at pH 1.2, 4.5 and 6.8 meet with the validation parameters. Methods: The determination and evaluation of validation parameters were carried out under the guidelines of the regulatory entities. Linearity and range, accuracy, precision, specificity, limits of detection and quantification, robustness, stability of the sample solution were evaluated, and the filter test was added. All data obtained were subject to an analysis of variance and t-student analysis with a confidence level of 95% (α = 0.05). Results: The UV spectrophotometric method meets the acceptance criteria for each validation parameter. Likewise, it was identified that the prepared solutions were stable at pH 6.8 for 24 hours; however, they were not stable at pH 1.2 and 4.5. Conclusions: The method meets with the validation criteria and is suitable to be used for quantifying samples obtained from the losartan potassium tablet dissolution test.
The ovulation assessment of regular cyclic rats following subacute oral administration of monosodium glutamate: An in vivo study
Authors: Abdulghani Mahfoudh Almusli Mohammed
Published: August 2022

Context: The possible toxic effects of monosodium glutamate (MSG) on ovarian functions have not been thoroughly evaluated in contrast to testicular functions. Few studies documented that MSG showed histological alterations. Aims: To investigate the subacute effects of oral MSG (2 g/kg) on estrogen level and numbers of ovulated oocytes and histological changes in ovary of Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. Methods: Virgin young adult SD female rats with a regular estrous cycle were randomly assigned to either MSG-treated group or control group, and the duration of treatment was 14-16 days for oral administration MSG or vehicle (distilled water), respectively. Results: Oral MSG treatment with doses of 2 g/kg/day showed significantly (p<0.01) reduced numbers of ovulated oocytes in the oviduct, newly formed corpora lutea, large follicles in histology of ovarian sections and attenuated serum estrogen levels. Conclusions: Subacute oral administration of MSG may negatively influence the ovarian function of young female rats via reduction of ovulated oocytes and the attenuation of estrogen level.
Effects of swimming exercise and RLN2 induction on relaxin levels, MMP-13, TGFβ expression in the pubic cartilage of pregnant rats
Authors: Oktaviani Ika , Wihastuti Titin Andri , Rahardjo Bambang , Wahyuni Endang Sri , Putra Bilqisthi Ari
Published: August 2022

Context: Swimming exercises can be used as an intervention to maintain the stability of the synthesis of the pubic symphysis cartilage. Aims: To evaluate the effects of swimming exercise on relaxin levels, MMP-13, TGFβ expression in pubic cartilage at pregnant rats with induction of RLN2 gene. Methods: Thirty-six female Wistar rats (six in each group) were impregnated with 24 male rats (1:1). Three groups had swimming exercises for 60 min per day, and the other groups were treated as the control group. Two groups were given subcutaneous RLN2 gene. Relaxin plasma was collected from the sinus retro-orbital and performed twice on the eighth day and the 20th of pregnancy. The pubic symphysis of the rats was collected on the 20th day of pregnancy, and the decalcification process was carried out before making histological preparations. Results: There was an increase in the amount of relaxin in the relaxin-induced group after 24 h induction (p=0.000). Relaxin levels of pregnant rats on the 20th day correlated with the expression of MMP-13, p=0.029; R2=0.447. In the treatment group, relaxin levels and MMP-13 expression were lower than the non-treatment group, p=0.005 and p=0.000, respectively. In contrast, there was a higher expression of TGFβ in the treatment group, p=0.000. Conclusions: Relaxin plasma levels have a significant correlation with the expression of MMP-13, and swimming exercise increases the expression of TGFβ and decreases relaxin levels and MMP-13 expression in the pubic cartilage.
Phytochemical composition and antioxidant capacity of the aqueous extracts of Malva sylvestris L. and Malva pseudolavatera Webb & Berthel.
Authors: Sarmiento Tomala Glenda M. , Gutiérrez Gaitén Yamilet I. , Delgado Hernández René , Burbano Gómez Zoraida del C. , Soledispa Cañarte Pilar A. , Jaramillo Sarmiento Nicole D. , Vargas Prias Leonardo A.
Published: August 2022

Context: Malva spp. have been widely used in the world as traditional remedies. In Ecuadorian markers Malva sylvestris and Malva pseudolavatera are the species most commercialized. However, the scientific information about M. pseudolavatera is little. Aims: To determine the chemical composition and antioxidant capacity of the aqueous extracts of the leaves of both species. Methods: Aqueous extracts were partitioned with butanol and the fractions obtained were analyzed by GC/MS. Total extracts were evaluated as antioxidants using FRAP, DPPH and ABTS assays. Results: Differences in the chemical composition were found between the extracts. Both extracts showed the presence of polysaccharides, phenolic acids and fatty acids, but in M. sylvestris were identified polyols, which there was not observed in M. pseudolavatera. The aqueous extracts showed free radical scavenging and ferric reducing power capacities in vitro assays, being M. sylvestris the most promissory antioxidant, possibly due to the presence of polyols in the extract. In the present research were reported 39 phytochemical compounds by first time for the specie M. pseudolavatera. Conclusions: Aqueous extracts of the leaves of M. sylvestris and M. pseudolavatera showed antioxidant capacity associated with the presence of phenolic acids, polysaccharides and flavonoids in the extracts.
Chemical composition, in vitro assessment of antioxidant properties and cytotoxicity activity of ethanolic and aqueous extracts of Ajuga orientalis L. (Lamiaceae)
Authors: Oran Sawsan A. , Althaher Arwa R.
Published: August 2022

Context: Ajuga orientalis L. (Lamiaceae) is an aromatic herb used in traditional medicine in Jordan and neighboring countries. Aims: To evaluate the cytotoxic potential of ethanolic and aqueous extracts from the aerial parts of A. orientalis against three cell lines MCF-7, Caco-2, and HDFa. In addition to assessing the total phenolic and flavonoid contents, antioxidant activity. Further to analyze the phytochemical constituents. Methods: The phytochemical analysis was performed using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. The total phenolic (TPC) and flavonoid (TFC) contents were assessed using colorimetric methods. The antioxidant properties of both extracts were assessed using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity and reducing power ability. Cytotoxicity was investigated using methyl thiazol tetrazolium (MTT) assay. Results: The most abundant compounds in the extract were 9-octadecenoic acid, methyl ester, (E)- (27.2%), hexadecanoic acid, methyl ester (12.8%), and methyl stearate (9.6%). The ethanolic extract demonstrated higher TPC and TFC than the aqueous extract. Also, the ethanolic extract showed higher antioxidant activity than aqueous extract using DPPH and the reducing power ability. Furthermore, the aqueous extract of A. orientalis has a potent cytotoxic effect against the Caco-2 cell line (IC50 = 2.059 ± 0.10 μg/mL). In contrast, the ethanolic extract demonstrated a cytotoxic effect against the MCF-7 cell line (IC50 = 59.32 ± 0.04 μg/mL). Both extracts did not exhibit a toxic effect against normal dermal fibroblast cell line (HDFa). Compared to non-cancerous cells, the ethanolic extract of A. orientalis demonstrated high selectivity against MCF-7 cells and limited selectivity against Caco-2 cells. In comparison, the aqueous extract was highly selective against both cancerous cells. Conclusions: A. orientalis demonstrated antioxidant properties and significant antiproliferative potential against breast and colon cancer. Therefore, additional investigations are needed to study the mechanism of the cytotoxicity for this plant.
Acute oral toxicological evaluation in Wistar rats of interruptin-rich extract from Cyclosorus terminans and its in vitro antidiabetic potential
Authors: Songtrai Sujinda , Dejyong Kwanchanok , Kaewsuwan Sireewan
Published: August 2022

Context: Interruptins A and B derivatives from edible fern Cyclosorus terminans have been reported properties including anti-bacterial, anti-cancer, anti-oxidation, anti-inflammatory, and antidiabetic activities. Unfortunately, studies on its safety are still scarce. Aims: To evaluate the acute oral toxicity of interruptin-rich extract (IRE) from C. terminans in Wistar rats and examine the antidiabetic potential of IRE in vitro. Methods: IRE was evaluated cytotoxicity by MTT assay and potency of glucose consumption in hepatocyte and skeletal muscle cells. IRE was evaluated for acute toxicity in Wistar rats by following OECD 420 guidelines. Wistar rats were single oral administrated of 2000 mg/kg IRE and further observed for 14 days. LCMS was assessed for verifying IRE absorption into the bloodstream. Hematological, biochemical parameters and microscopic examination of heart, liver and kidney were evaluated. Results: IRE demonstrated no cytotoxicity toward hepatocytes and skeletal muscle cells and facilitated glucose consumption into cells. In the acute toxicity study, on day 14, after a single oral administration of 2000 mg/kg IRE, no mortality and behavioral alterations. There was no change in metabolic parameters. Histopathology of heart, liver and kidney showed normal architecture. Conclusions: Thus, LD50 of IRE was considered superior to 2000 mg/kg. Hence the extract can be utilized safely and could provide a capability for diabetic control.
E-cigarette smoking: Awareness, use, and perceptions of Vietnamese personnel
Authors: Nguyen Thoai Dang , Tran Hien Thi Bich , Nguyen Hieu Thi Thanh , Ha Dat Thanh
Published: August 2022

Context: Electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) are considerably popular, particularly among young adults. Their effects have elicited strong interest in cigarette control and community health, but evidence on the knowledge, usage, and perceptions of e-cigarettes among the Vietnamese population remains limited. Aims: To evaluate e-cigarette awareness, use, and perceptions among Vietnamese personnel. Methods: A cross-sectional study through an online survey was administered to 368 participants in March 2022. The questionnaire comprised sections on socio-demographic characteristics and awareness, use, sources of information, and perceptions of e-cigarettes. Results: Most of the participants were male (87.8%), married (65.2%), and living in urban areas (77.2%). Their average age was 34.6 ± 16.1 years. 56.8% had never smoked, 23.9% were smokers, and 19.3% used to smoke. There was low awareness of e-cigarettes with 26.1%, whereas 8.2% were using e-cigarettes. Most respondents (86.5%) accessed the Internet for e-cigarette information, followed by television or radio (54.2%). Although over half of the respondents who heard about e-cigarettes expressed positive attitudes toward the cost and safety of e-cigarettes compared with traditional equivalents, they remained uncertain concerning their effectiveness in advancing smoking cessation. Statistically significant differences (p<0.05) in e-cigarette awareness and use were found between the respondents depending on gender, marital status, residence, and education. Conclusions: Our findings could guide the development of public health plans and national policies on e-cigarette control. Future studies should determine the permanent effects of e-cigarettes on community health and society.
Activation of microvesicle peripheral blood mononuclear cells by mesenchymal stem cells secretome co-cultivated with osteosarcoma stem cell
Authors: Prawiragara Fachrizal Arfani , Ferdiansyah Ferdiansyah , Edward Mouli , Utomo Dwikora Novembri , Basuki Mohammad Hardian , Nugraha Alexander Patera , Rantam Fedik Abdul
Published: August 2022

Context: Microvesicle is a cell micro molecule that may play a role in the process of osteosarcoma stem cell apoptosis. Aims: To investigate the activity of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) through the secretion of interleukin-2 (IL-2), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-10 (IL-10), C-X-C Motif Chemokine Ligand 13 (CXCL13) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-3 (TIMP-3) on co-cultivation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) sensitized by mesenchymal stem cell secretome (MSCS) co-cultivated with osteosarcoma stem cells (OS-SCs). Methods: This study was true experimental with a post-test only control group design. This was in vitro study PBMSCs sensitized by MSCS as then samples were divided into 4 treatment groups, respectively: Zero-day treatment (P0) PBMCs were co-cultivated with OS-SCs for 0 hours; First treatment (P1) PBMCs were co-cultivated with OS-SCs for 1 hour; Second treatment (P2) PBMCs were co-cultivated with OS-SCs for 2 days; Third treatment (P3) PBMCs were co-cultivated with OS-SCs for 4 days. The examination method used in this study was flow cytometry and indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The data were statistically analyzed with analysis of variance (ANOVA) with a p≤0.05 considered a significant difference. Results: There was a tendency for a significant increase in extravesicular secretion in the secretion of IL-2, IL-6, IL-10, CXCL13, TIMP3, in the microvesicle PBMCs when sensitized by MSCs secretome co-cultivated with OS-SCs environment co-cultivated after the fourth day with significantly different between groups (p≤0.05). Conclusions: PBMSCs’ microvesicle such as IL-2, IL-6, IL-10, CXCL13, TIMP3 was significantly sensitized by MSCS and co-cultivated with OS-SCs after the fourth day of in vitro.
Technology surveillance in veterinary vaccine adjuvants (2015-2022): University-industry interaction
Authors: Domínguez-Odio Aníbal , Pérez Oliver , Batista-Duharte Alexander , Cala-Delgado Daniel Leonardo
Published: August 2022

Context: The new generation of immunoenhancers will have to offer solutions to each clinical and technological limitation that currently exists. This innovative context requires periodic technological surveillance by the veterinary biopharmaceutical industry to anticipate technological changes and predict future competitive advantages. Aims: To evaluate the current status, scientific trends, and technological projections in the use of veterinary immunological adjuvants for productive and companion species in the period 2015 and 2021. Methods: The bibliometric analysis included scientific articles on adjuvants in veterinary medicine published in English in 2015–2021 and indexed on the Scopus and Web of Science platforms. All relevant records retrieved between 2015 and 2022 were grouped using the EndNote bibliographic manager, while the analysis of the relational metric indicator was performed and viewed by VOSviewer®. Instead, data on the main commercial veterinary vaccine adjuvants in 2022 were collected from the official websites of 20 veterinary vaccine manufacturers with experience in the market. Results: The academy dedicated 68.2% of its production to disseminating articles with original experimental results with 73.6% being novel notifications about adjuvants of natural, microbial and nanotechnological origin. Industrial production mainly used monoadjuvation (86.9%), inorganic salts adjuvants (48.1%), particularly aluminum hydroxide (43.0%), and classical technology (89.2%) to produce their commercial formulations. Ruminants, swines, and poultry dominated both sectors, with ruminants being the main protagonist. Conclusions: The new scientific knowledge will not have a significant impact on the veterinary pharmaceutical industry in the short term and the hegemonic continuity of traditional adjuvants, in particular aluminum hydroxide, is expected.
Development and validation of ultraviolet spectrophotometric methods for lamivudine and zidovudine quantification in dissolution test
Authors: Perez-Chauca Enma , Alva-Plasencia Pedro M. , Gomes Ferraz Humberto
Published: August 2022

Context: In the development of a good analytical method, the selection of appropriate conditions for quantifying drugs is essential. The method validation should be determined before conducting the dissolution test. Aims: To develop and validate two analytical methods by UV spectrophotometry to quantify lamivudine and zidovudine in dissolution test. Methods: The dissolution conditions were 900 mL of dissolution medium (pH 1.2, pH 4.5, and pH 6.8), using paddles, at 75 rpm, and sampling time points of 5, 10, 15, 20, and 30 minutes. The analytical methods were developed by scanning analytical solutions in the UV region. The proposed methods were validated in accordance with the ICH guideline and the United States Pharmacopoeia. Results: Lamivudine showed wavelengths at 280 nm, 273 nm, and 270 nm in buffers at pH 1.2, pH 4.5, and pH 6.8, respectively; while zidovudine showed a wavelength at 266 nm in all three buffers. Regression analysis confirmed linearity (r2>0.998). Placebos and diluents showed no analytical interference. LOD and LOQ were lower than the linearity range. Recovery percentages were within 95% to 105%. RSD values were below 2% and 7% for repeatability and intermediate precision, respectively. No changes introduced modified the method response. The analytical solutions were stable until 24 hours. The results showed that Whatman No 41, No 42, and PVDF 0.45 µm filters can be used. Conclusions: The proposed analytical methods demonstrated linearity, specificity, accuracy, and precision. In addition, LOD and LOQ, robustness, stability of the analytical solution, and filter test showed satisfactory results.
THE EFFECT OF COVID 19 ON MORINGA FARMERS UNDER THE VILLAGE SAVINGS AND LOANS ASSOCIATIONS IN NORTH-WESTERN GHANA
Authors: PIENAAH CORNELIUS K. A. , SEIDU ABDUL-AZIZ JERIKU , ISSAHAKU ABDUL-RAHAMAN
Published: August 2022

This paper explored the current structure and dynamics of the village savings and loans associations operations by women and its socio-economic impact during the peak of Covid-19 on sanitation. The study adopted a mixed method design of qualitative and quantitative approach. Women groups who have operated, managed, and sustained for over the period of five (5) years were selected for the study. In all, 48 women between the ages of 18-60 years participated in the study. The study revealed that absenteeism, irregular share-buying, and nonpayment of loans behaviors are factors that were found to negatively affect the structure, dynamics, and sustainability of village savings and loans in 2021 due to Covid 19.  The study also identified inadequate medical care, reduction in household incomes and nutrition gaps as key adverse effects of covid-19 on the women farmers. Some trades like Pito brewing, ‘‘Kosee’,’ Shea butter and food vending businesses are either collapsed or almost folding up due to covid-19. Communities relapsed into open defecation due to collapse of household toilets because of Covid-19 related poverty. The study concludes that rural women had challenges in contributing to the village savings and loans schemes or pay back their loans thereby threatening the solvency of the groups due to the COVID crisis. The study recommends that women farmers must be given training in financial literacy and bookkeeping. Both local and international organizations must collaborate to overcome the effects of post Covid-19 on poverty and sanitation.
Efecto de la Deshidratación sobre el perfil Fitoquímico de Blueberries (Vaccinium corymbosum)
Authors:   Programa de Ingeniería Química en Alimentos, Facultad de Química de la Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro. Querétaro, Querétaro, México., Herrera Jr. Raúl , Vázquez Barrios María Estela ,   Departamento de Investigación y Posgrado de Alimentos, Facultad de Química de la Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro. Querétaro, Querétaro, México.
Published: August 2022

Los blueberries son frutos que contienen compuestos fenólicos, flavonoides y antocianinas. Su consumo presenta diversos beneficios para la salud humana, destacando su poder antioxidante; sin embargo, estos compuestos son fotosensibles y termosensibles de ahí la importancia de conservarlos usando diversos tratamientos. Uno de los procesos de conservación de estos frutos es la deshidratación, generalmente con calor, pero este proceso convencional degrada estos compuestos por lo que es deseable la evaluación de nuevas técnicas de deshidratación que disminuyan su degradación.
The effect of climate change on agricultural production in Bulgaria
Authors: Stoyanova Natally
Published: August 2022

Plant organisms are phenological indicators of weather and climate and are often used as a non-instrumental tool for its analysis. The reactions of crops, their growth and development are a direct result of environmental conditions. Solar radiation, air temperature and precipitation are the main factors that determine their productivity. In search of the environment-plant connection, the science of agricultural meteorology emerged. This publication systematizes some of the main challenges facing agriculture and the main measures for adapting the sector to modern climatic conditions. Climate change and fluctuations lead to changes in the conditions of growth and development of agricultural crops. This has a direct bearing on the way the world produces, distributes and consumes food. Climate is directly related to the way and prospects for global production needed to sustain the human population. The population of people in the world is expected to reach to 10 billion by 2050. This poses a huge challenge to the global community on how to feed an additional 2.3 billion people through environmentally friendly methods and climate change.
LkSG
Authors: Rothermel Martin
Published: August 2022

Die aktuelle Kommentierung zum LkSG ist eine wertvolle Arbeitshilfe für alle, die sich mit der Analyse und Umsetzung des neuen Gesetzes befassen. Sie zeigt den Weg durch die Regelungen anhand aller Tatbestandsmerkmale und enthält nützliche Informationen zu Interpretation und Subsumption.

Das Buch analysiert den Gesetzestext unter Verweis auf bereits gängige, vorhandene Begriffe sowie interpretationsbedürftige neue Bestimmungen. Dabei befasst es sich mit Herkunft, Änderungen, Gesetzes- sowie Änderungsbegründung und Gesetzestext. So werden Herleitung und Interpretation der subsumptionsfähigen Tatbestandsmerkmale, deren Bedeutung, Unterscheidbarkeit und Stringenz zueinander herausgearbeitet und in die bekannten Compliance-Standards eingewoben.
Wir sollten reden!
Authors: Hübler Michael
Published: August 2022

Wie wir Meinungsverschiedenheiten aushalten und Konflikte meistern

Unsere Gesellschaft ist polarisiert, zerstritten – oder sogar gespalten. Streitgespräche und Debatten über die Corona-Maßnahmen, kulturelle Veränderungen oder auch den Klimawandel werden erbittert und mit wenig Toleranz geführt. Der raue Ton im Internet verschärft die allgemeine Gereiztheit.

Warum sind wir so überempfindlich geworden und haben ständig das Gefühl, uns positionieren oder abgrenzen zu müssen? Wie kommen wir einander wieder näher? Die Antwort ist eigentlich einfach: zuhören, aushalten, verstehen, reden. Doch die Voraussetzung dafür ist, die eigenen Werte und Erwartungen zu kennen, sich im Klaren darüber zu sein, was einen ärgert und warum.

Wir sollten reden! beschäftigt sich mit der persönlichen Konfliktfähigkeit und den eigenen Prägungen. Es zeigt, wie wir mit Aggressionen und Vorurteilen umgehen können, in Konflikten neue Zugänge finden und welche Rahmenbedingungen konfliktlösungsförderlich sind. Mithilfe von Reflexionsfragen lassen sich die Lösungsansätze auf individuelle Situationen übertragen. Ziel ist es, bei Auseinandersetzungen die Ruhe zu bewahren, Andersdenkenden offen und ehrlich zu begegnen und vor allem wieder respektvoll zu streiten.
Joint Stiffness Leads to the Diagnosis of a Rare Disease
Authors: Ghazizadeh Esslami Golnaz , Movahedi Nasim , Mehdizadeh Mehrzad , Ziaee Vahid
Published: August 2022

Introduction: A 6-year-old boy was referred to our hospital because of the stiffness of both knees, which had commenced two years ago and gradually progressed to both hips, ankles, elbows, fingers, and toes. He occasionally had arthralgia with no complaint of joint swelling. He had a long face, a prominent forehead and chin, and a short neck. There was a limitation in the range of motion in all appendicular joints with stiffness and deformity. Case Presentation: Skeletal survey images revealed central beaking and a bullet shape appearance in the cervical and lumbar vertebra, tapering of iliac wings, deformity of the femoral head, and short sacral length. A +3 glycosaminoglycan (GAG) excretion was detected in the urine test, but genetic analysis revealed Mucolipidosis type III. Conclusions: The diagnosis of metabolic diseases should be considered whenever there is joint stiffness without any evidence of inflammation. Mucopolysaccharidoses and Mucolipidoses are progressive storage disorders with many clinical and radiological characteristics.
Biomarker of Urinary Malondialdehyde and Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha with Pain Progress in a Patient with Low Back Pain
Authors: Seydi Hosein , Hassanpourezatti Majid
Published: August 2022

Introduction: This study aims to determine the urine concentrations of malondialdehyde (MDA), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) biomarkers with pain intensity in a patient with low back pain (LBP) compared to healthy controls. Also, the correlation between these biomarkers and clinical findings of pain intensity was determined during 25 weeks to find a molecular diagnostic factor of disease progression. Case Presentation: Participants in this case study are students at Shahed University, Iran. A 22‑year‑old man patient with a three-month history of progressive LBH and gait instability and an age, sex, and body mass index (BMI) matched healthy man was enrolled for 25 weeks. Spinal MRI (Siemens 1.5 T) revealed disc degeneration and displacement. LBP symptoms were diagnosed by a neurologist using ICD-9 diagnostic codes. Other diseases that affect the urine levels of MDA and TNF-α in the patient, such as allergic or infectious diseases, have been ruled out. After collecting demographic information, the facial pain scale (FPS) and numerical rating scale (NRS) for pain and 24-hour urine samples of a healthy person and a patient were collected weekly for 25 weeks. Samples were analyzed for MDA and TNF-α. Conclusions: During the experiment, urinary MDA levels were significantly elevated while TNF-α levels were not changed in LBP patients compared to control individuals (P ≤ 0.001). Furthermore, the assessment of LBP by the FPS and NRS pain scores was only correlated with urinary MDA levels, and urinary TNF-α levels did not change during the experiment. Pearson correlation analysis revealed a positive correlation between pain scores during 25 weeks and urine concentrations of MDA (r = 0.60, P-value < 0.001). According to the present study, chronic LBP patients had higher levels of MDA in their urine than those who did not have chronic LBP. There was a significant positive association between urine MDA level and pain intensity progression.
Interleukin-4, Interleukin-1beta, and Creatine Kinase Changes to the DeLorme and Oxford Resistance Training Techniques
Authors: Mardani Asad , Abednatanzi Hossein , Gholami Mandana , Ghazalian Farshad , Azizbeigi Kamal
Published: August 2022

Background: Exercise intensity sequence of resistance training (RT) has a key role in the physiological response and adaptations. Objectives: The aim of the present study was to compare the effect of DeLorme and Oxford resistance training techniques on the concentration of interleukin-4 (IL-4), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1beta) and creatine kinase (CK) enzyme in overweight men. Methods: Thirty overweight young men (25 ≤ BMI < 30) voluntarily participated in the present study and were randomly assigned to the DeLorme (Del; n = 10), Oxford (OXF; n = 10) resistance training techniques and control (Con; n = 10). Del performed 4-5 sets at intensity of 50% of one-maximum repetition (1RM) for warm up, the second set with 85% of 1RM, the third set at 90% of 1 RM, and the fourth set at 95 of 1RM, and finally the fifth set at 100 1RM of exercise, while the OXF performed mentioned protocol exactly reverse order for eight weeks. RT was done three day/week in nonconsecutive for eight week. Blood sampling was gathered before RT, and repeated 72 hour after the last session of RT, and the levels of CK activity as well as the concentration of IL-4 and IL-1beta concentration were measured in the plasma. Results: The results showed that there was no significant difference between the Del and OXF in biochemical variables (P > 0.05). Also, in the IL-4, IL-1beta and CK, there were no improvement was found in the Del and OXF compared to the control (P > 0.05). Conclusions: Finally, it can be said that none of the Delorme and Oxford resistance training technique are preferred in improving systemic inflammatory factors, and the sequence of resistance training intensity is more or less and vice versa has no effect on improving systemic inflammatory factors.
Perspectiva dos trabalhadores da Estratégia de Saúde da Família na promoção da saúde ao idoso rural
Authors: Pinto Andressa Hoffmann , Lange Celmira , Santos Fernanda dos , Heidmann Ivonete Teresinha Schülter Buss , Lemões Marcos Aurélio Matos , Zillmer Juliana Graciela Vestena
Published: August 2022

Objetivo: desvelar a perspectiva de promoção da saúde dos trabalhadores de Estratégia de Saúde da Família em relação aos idosos rurais. Método: qualitativo, tipo ação participante, com 25 profissionais da saúde, elencados por conveniência em um município da região sul do Brasil. O período de coleta ocorreu de agosto a dezembro de 2019. Análise dos dados por meio dos Círculos de Cultura de Paulo Freire. Foram realizados cinco círculos de cultura, com duração média de uma hora, todos gravados e fotografados. Resultados:  a partir dos dados obtidos após a realização da dinâmica com os participantes, emergiram cinco temas: Adoção de hábitos saudáveis; A família como promotora de saúde; Prevenção de doenças; Atividade Coletiva; e O trabalhador como promotor de saúde. Conclusão: a promoção da saúde na perspectiva dos trabalhadores da estratégia tem suas bases no pilar de mudança comportamental de estilo e qualidade de vida individual.
From Script to Screen: What Role for Intellectual Property in IP Movie
Authors: Han Tianying
Published: August 2022

Aiming at the low recognition rate of traditional editing software in IP movies, this paper proposes the application of editing software based on speech recognition technology in IP movies. On the premise of making clear the style of IP movie editing, the IP movie voice signal is preprocessed based on speech recognition technology, and then the IP movie voice signal is recognized to realize the application of editing software in IP movies. The experimental results show that after preprocessing based on speech recognition technology, the recognition rate of editing software in IP movies is significantly higher than that of the control group, which can solve the problem of low recognition rate of traditional editing software in IP movies.
Power distribution and energy storage regulation for Pharmaceutical Companies
Authors: Wang Xuan , Lei Tian
Published: August 2022

Pharmaceutical companies are in charge of making medical drugs more available to patients. They have a big responsibility and many tasks in hand and can't be neglectful any further. To meet the requirement, they need to assure a reliable power supply. There is an idea of distributing power supply lines between the pharmaceutical companies. This idea will help the companies in a big way and can also increase production. In addition to that, it will boost the quality of drugs and help them in obtaining a good profit. Pharmaceutical companies need to have a reliable power supply. In this case, using distribution boxes can be really useful for them. Distribution lines are installed in the drug-making plants of pharmaceutical companies and are connected to electrical window outlets. This will help the pharmaceutical companies in a big way and also help increase production. Dthemistribution boxes can be used in different ways such as they can be used as an extension or they can also be used as a backup unit for other units. Additionally, these boxes are easy to install and maintain, and therefore the company is not required to spend too much money on it.
Evaluation of Improvement in urban health through digital innovation
Authors: Xinran Shao
Published: August 2022

The application of digital innovation in urban areas is becoming increasingly prevalent. Digital innovation provides the opportunity for health improvements as a result of greater exposure to health information and knowledge through social media, apps and other mediums. For this reason, it is important to evaluate whether or not digital innovation in urban areas has led to better health outcomes. Studies have found that ,it may be linked to reduced obesity rates because there are applications that promote healthy food choices and exercise routines. However, there is not enough data on the long-term effects of these innovations so far. Although there may be some benefits of increased accessibility to health information through digital means, without proper assessment and evaluation, more problems can arise as a result of unbalanced interventions.
Cellulose-Based Hydrogels: Patent Analysis
Authors: Fatimi Ahmed
Published: August 2022

Background: Among biopolymers, cellulose and its derivatives are the most commonly used for hydrogel formulations. The innovation and improvement of cellulose-based hydrogels concerned the raw materials, synthesis and methods of preparation, formulations and fabrication processes, as well as applications.

Objectives: This study, in the form of patent analysis, presents the state by introducing what has been innovated and patented concerning cellulose-based hydrogels.

Methods: Three databases have been used in this study: the Patentscope, the Espacenet, and the Lens patent data set. A detailed analysis has been provided regarding publication dates, patent families, jurisdictions, inventors, applicants, owners, and patent classifications.

Results: A total of 8053 patent documents related to cellulose-based hydrogels have been published between 1965 and 2021. The United States leads the patent race in this sector, and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology is one of the top academic applicants.

Conclusion: Based on patent classifications, most patent documents are related to medicinal preparations characterized by special physical forms. More specifically, the classification concerns materials for prostheses or coating prostheses, including cellulose derivatives characterized by their function or physical properties, such as macromolecular gels, hydrogels, or hydrocolloids.
"He Will Wipe Every Tear from Their Eyes"
Authors: Ward Katie
Published: August 2022

This paper argues that the Catholic Church must support and participate in Indigenous-led truth and healing efforts for the ways that the Church perpetrated abuses and trauma through Native American boarding schools. The paper begins by examining the Church’s historical role in boarding schools and the ways that Native American Catholic schools today differ from their historical predecessors. The paper then discusses the lack of apology from the institutional Church for Native American boarding schools in the United States and various movements in the Church and Church teachings that support a commitment to truth and healing. Using the example of Red Cloud Indian School, the paper concludes with a vision of what the Church’s support of boarding school truth and healing could look like and why that is essential for the Church’s mission.
Revives My Soul Again
Authors: Immel Eric
Published: August 2022

The work of Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. remains deeply influential in justice discourse. In this paper, the author employs classic wisdom of the discernment of spirits to explore whether King’s words can be determined as influenced by the Holy Spirit. While the impact of King’s writing and speeches are not in doubt, the question of divine influence is important to consider as issues of racial and economic justice persist today. Focusing specifically on three of King’s works (“The Letter from Birmingham Jail,” “I Have a Dream,” and “I Have Been to the Mountaintop”), the author argues that these works align with markers of the Holy Spirit at work, and as such, King’s words remain vital to the pursuit of justice today on the social and spiritual levels.
The Contemplative Bridge
Authors: Beaudette Jessica A.
Published: August 2022

In a time of climate upheaval and rapid biodiversity loss, theoretical collaborations between religion and science may already be too late. The time of ecological transition is upon us. Scientists recognize that to make measurable impacts, approaches to the practice of science require new vision. Today, conservation ecologists are beginning to integrate contemplative principles into scientific practices and policies, such as mindfulness, empathy, and deep listening. Research suggests that contemplative approaches can improve scientific processes, enrich cross-cultural dialogue, and facilitate measuring environmental outcomes. Contemplative encounters can also obscure normative boundaries between scientific discovery and theological inquiry, evoking questions about Divine Nature beyond name and form. Drawing on conservation research and theological scholarship, this paper presents contemplation as a constructive bridge between religion and science, one that holds great promise for meaningful collaboration.
Disentangling Codependency from Empathy
Authors: Bliss Barrie
Published: August 2022

By retrieving Edith Stein’s thought, this paper seeks to propose a spirituality of personhood conducive to healing the psychological root of codependency. In using the broad word codependency, this paper relies upon Charles L. Whitfield’s definition, which understands it as “a disease of lost selfhood.” This paper is working within the intersections of philosophical phenomenology, psychology, and spirituality, and Stein herself is thoroughly immersed in these disciplines. I will begin by delineating what psychologists have labeled codependency as a relational behavior scheme (rather than a diagnosed mental health disorder) and its pervasiveness within those who identify themselves as religious or spiritual using both a clinical and a phenomenological method. Next, by using Edith Stein’s philosophical phenomenological insights regarding the essence of empathy, this paper seeks to disentangle the Gordian knot of empathy and codependency (which I believe to be the core connection between a codependent psyche and those who hold religious and spiritual values). Finally, from Stein’s later works, I will propose a theological trinitarian anthropology that can help heal the lost sense of selfhood that is at the root of codependent ways of relating.