bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Is the Association Between Cognitive Decline and Mortality Modified by High Blood Pressure Among the Oldest Old?
Authors: Duan Jun , Sam Napoleon Bellua , Liang Gui-Ling , Wang Shi-Jia , Chen Han-Jie , Liu Yan
Published: September 2021

BackgroundFew studies have systematically explored the association between cognitive decline and mortality among the oldest old (above 80 years old) and also have limited evidence of the potential effect modifiers between them. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the association between cognitive decline, stratified by detailed levels, and mortality as well as the potential effect modifiers between them.MethodsThis study included 14,891 oldest old (mean age: 90.3±7.5 years) and 10,904 oldest old deaths with 34,486 person-years were observed. Cognitive decline was continuous and stratified into ten categories. Potential effect modifiers were identified as age, sex, blood pressure (BP) and high BP related diseases, including hypertension and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality. Cox proportional hazards model was used to evaluate the relationship between them after adjusting for demographic characteristics, socioeconomic status, lifestyle factors, leisure activities and health conditions.ResultsIn the ten categories, compared to those with maintained high normal cognitive function, participants who have declined to severe cognitive impairment from a high normal cognitive function, low normal cognitive function and mild cognitive impairment have 55%, 56% and 63% mortality risks respectively. Cognitive function declined to mild cognitive impairment from a high normal cognitive function and low normal cognitive function with mortality risks 25% and 17% respectively. The multivariable-adjusted model indicated that the oldest old with decreasing one more point in MMSE score per year, had around 4% higher risk of mortality. There was a significant association of interaction of cognitive decline-mortality and sex (P=0.013) as well as hypertension (P=0.004) but with no significant association among age (P=0.277), high BP (P=0.082), and CVD mortality (P=0.058).ConclusionsOur findings suggest that cognitive decline is associated with an elevated risk of all-cause mortality among the oldest old, even at a low level of cognitive decline. Low BP, non-hypertension and non-CVD mortality may be potentially beneficial in the cognitive decline-mortality association.
Teratogenic Potential of Solenstemma Argel Extract in Wistar Albino Rats
Authors: Mustafa Nazik M.E. , Osman Nafisa A. , Satti Shahenaz , A.Gameel Ahmed , El-hadiyah Tarig M.
Published: September 2021

Background: The majority of people in Africa receive their basic healthcare through herbal treatments. Herbal medicine may negatively impact fetal development irreparably. Methods: This study examined teratogenic potential of Solenstemma argel extract in pregnant rats. pregnant rats were treated with Solenstemma argel from 7th to 16th day of gestation. Dosage used was 500g/kg, intraperitoneal.Results: Solenstemma argel extract treated group showed fetal abnormalities appeared as body clots, limbs abnormalities and Resorption of fetuses that appears in 25% of the fetuses (P-value = 0.01) which is significantly differ from control group. furthermore, Histopathological findings of liver sections from fetuses of Solenstemma argel - treated mothers showed loose liver texture and hepatocyte hemorrhage.Conclusions: In this study we explore the teratogenic potential of S. argel extract during the organogenesis period in pregnant rats.
SARS-CoV-2 sero-prevalence in the workforces of three large workplaces in South Wales: a sero-epidemiological study
Authors: Puchades Alice , Daniel Rhian , Geen John , Peden Jo , Lewis Heather , Nnoaham Kelechi
Published: September 2021

BackgroundSero-prevalence studies quantify the proportion of a population that has antibodies against SARS-CoV-2, and can be used to identify the extent of the COVID-19 pandemic at a population level. The aim of the study was to assess the sero-prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in the workforce at three workplaces. Methods993 participants were recruited from three workplaces in South Wales: a food factory, a non-food factory and a call centre. Participants completed a questionnaire and received lateral flow point-of-care SARS-CoV-2 antibody tests. The data were analysed using multivariable logistic regression, both using complete records only and following multiple imputation. ResultsThe sero-prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies ranged from 4% (n=17/402) in the non-food factory to 10% (n=28/281) in the food factory (OR 2.93; 95% CI 1.26 to 6.81). After taking account of confounding factors evidence of a difference remained (cOR comparing food factory to call centre (2.93; 95% CI 1.26 to 6.81) and non-food factory (3.99; 95% CI 1.97 to 8.08) respectively). The SARS-CoV-2 antibody prevalence also varied between roles within workplaces. People working in office based roles had a 2.23 times greater conditional odds (95% CI 1.02 to 4.87) of being positive for SARS-CoV-2 antibodies than those working on the factory floor.ConclusionThe sero-prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies varied by workplace and work role. Whilst it is not possible to state whether these differences are due to COVID-19 transmission within the workplaces, it highlights the importance of considering COVID-19 transmission in a range of workplaces and work roles.
Empirical Analysis of BRICS Countries Pathway Toward Low-Carbon Environment
Authors: Cai Li , Sampene Agyemang Kwasi , Agyeman Fredrick Oteng , Ayisi Lincoln Abraham , Brenya Robert
Published: September 2021

Background: The rising sea level, the lasting variations on the surface ocean current, vulnerable ecosystems, hydrological cycle, extreme weather conditions, and the like are subjects emanating from the rising emission in the atmosphere. Global climate change has emerged as humanity's greatest challenge, affecting both the earth's natural security and the long-term growth of human society. Yet, the reckless pursuit of economic gains put social and ecological environmental safety at a severe demerit. This practice has brought grave consequences to humanity in environmental pollution, climate change, health hazards depletion, etc. Protecting the environment and fostering long-term growth while reducing carbon emissions has become a global concern. The BRICS countries (Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa) are participating in the fight against climate change through LCE promotion. In this study, we use content analysis to discusses some of the policies, plans, programs outlined by the various governments in the BRICS that can help them reach to help them accomplish LCE. Results: The study discussion indicates that Brazil has adopted the (National Energy Plans 2030 and 2050), Russia (Energy strategy 2035 for Russia), India actions and plans also include (Apex Committee for Implementation of Paris Agreement of India, China (Pollution Control, Energy Conservation, and Carbon Reduction and South Africa (Economic Reconstruction and Recovery Plan). The result from the study also indicates that currently Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa are rated "Insufficient," "Critically Insufficient," "Compactible" "incompatible," and "Highly Insufficient" respectively in their commitment to Nationally Determined Contributions (NDC) to the Paris Agreement. Conclusion: The paper recommends that BRICS countries reach LCE through; expansion in low-carbon investments and financing, focus on taxation extends beyond energy, investment in low-carbon cities, adapting to a circular economy and low-carbon technology, a revisitation of the electricity markets, and the promotion of climate-friendly international trade among the BRICS countries.
Construction of a Risk Score Prognosis Model for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Based on Pyroptosis Related Genes
Authors: Li Xin-yu , Su Li-xin , Wen Ming-zhe , You Jian-xiong , Yang xi-tao
Published: September 2021

Background: In this study, a prognostic model based on pyroptosis-related genes was established to predict overall survival (OS) in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).Methods: The gene expression data and clinical information of HCC patients were acquired from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Using bioinformatics analysis, this predictive signature was constructed and validated. The performance of predictive signature was assessed by the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and the area under the ROC curve (AUC). Results: A total of 3 pyroptosis-related genes (BAK1, GSDME, and NOD2) were used to construct a survival prognostic model, and experimental validation performed using an experimental cohort. The prognosis model exhibited good performance based on the AUC (AUC: 0.826 at 1 years, 0.796 at 3 years, 0.867 at 5 years). The calibration plots showed excellent calibration.Conclusion: In this study, a novel prognostic model based on three pyroptosis-related genes is constructed and used to predict the prognosis of HCC patients. The model can accurately and conveniently predict the 1- 3-and 5-year OS of HCC patients.
MiR-323a-3p acts as a tumor suppressor by suppressing FMR1 and predicts better esophageal squamous cell carcinoma outcome
Authors: Men Yu , Zhai Yirui , Wu Lihong , Liu Lipin , Zhang Wenjue , Jiang Wei , Bi Nan , Song Yongmei , Hui Zhouguang , Wang Luhua
Published: September 2021

Background: Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) has unfavorable outcomes with the highest incidence seen in China. Accordingly, exploring effective molecular biomarkers is of great value. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are posttranscriptional regulators of gene expression and modulate numerous biological processes in tumors. Our study aimed to identify prognostic miRNAs and investigate their role in ESCC.Methods: Prognosis-related plasma miRNAs were detected by miRNA microarray and qRT-PCR. Functional assays and molecular mechanism studies were used to investigate the role of miRNA in ESCC. Results: Over-expression of miR-323a-3p was associated with a favorable prognosis. MiR-323a-3p negatively regulated proliferation, migration, and invasion. Through biological predictions, the fragile X mental retardation 1 (FMR1) was found to be a potential target of miR-323a-3p. Further investigation revealed that miR-323a-3p directly targeted and suppressed FMR1. MiR-323a-3p and FMR1 mRNA, as well as miR-323a-3p and the FMR1-encoded protein FMRP, showed negative correlations. Luciferase activity of FMR1-3′-UTR, but not mutant counterparts, was decreased by mimic compared with that of the control. The compromised cell proliferation, migration, and invasion induced by transfection with miR-323a-3p mimic were rescued by transfection with a FMR1 expression plasmid. Tumors induced by miR-323a-3p overexpressed ESCC cells grew significantly slower in vivo and resulted in smaller tumor masses. Metastatic lung colonization was also inhibited by miR-323a-3p overexpression.Conclusions: MiR-323a-3p was significantly associated with survival and acted as a tumor suppressor by inhibiting proliferation, migration, and invasion via the regulation of FMR1. MiR-323a-3p is a promising biomarker and may be a potential therapeutic target.
Identification of LINC01503 as Biomarker Regulated by CTBP1 with Prognostic and Diagnostic Role in Epithelial Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Wang Yanchun , Wei Zheng , Zhang Junping , Wang Xuemei , Li Xiaohua
Published: September 2021

Background: Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is a disease with high morbidity and mortality worldwide, which is seriously harmful to female health. LncRNA has an important relationship with the occurrence and development of tumors. Hence, the investigation of the underlying mechanism between LncRNA and EOC is of great importance.Results: In this study, we found that LINC01503 was highly expressed in EOC with a poor prognosis based on microarray datasets GSE119056 and GSE135886 obtained from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, and this result was verified by RT-qPCR. The database lncBase Predicted v.2 and starBase v2.0 were used to predict the targeted relationship of lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA, then the ceRNA network was established by Cytoscape software. Following, the expression and overall survival (OS) analysis of key lncRNAs were analyzed by GEPIA and Kaplan-Meier plotter database. Gene Ontology (GO) functional enrichment analysis was performed by DAVID database and enriched two cancer related biological processes (BP) that response to endoplasmic reticulum stress and IRE1-mediated unfolded protein. Moreover, we verified that LINC01503 was an oncogene regulated by C-terminal binding protein 1 (CTBP1) to promote cell proliferation, migration and inhibited cell apoptosis in ovarian cancer. Conclusion: In conclusion, these results identified LINC01503 as a potential gene for EOC diagnosis and prognosis.
Racial/Ethnic Differences Among Tumor Infiltrating Lymphocytes in Breast Cancer Tumors
Authors: Bansil Surbhi , Silva Anthony , Taniguchi Alana , Wiedmer Christina , Fernandez Mayumi , Pagano Ian , Vierkoetter Koah , Killeen Jeffrey , Fukui Jami
Published: September 2021

PurposeTumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) have emerged as a predictor of cancer treatment response and patient outcomes, including for breast cancer. Current studies investigating racial/ethnic differences in TILs and immune profiles in breast cancer offer varying results. Our study hopes to address the paucity of data in breast cancer tumor microenvironment from different racial/ethnic groups not well represented in the literature.MethodsWe reviewed 183 cases of women diagnosed with early stage breast cancer who received neoadjuvant treatment at two large health systems in Hawaii between 2008 and 2020. We evaluated clinical and demographic information including: age at diagnosis, race/ethnicity, tumor stage, tumor subtype according to ER, PR, and HER2 receptor status and compared them with obtaining a pathologic complete response (pCR) and amount of stromal TILs (sTILs).ResultsWe found a significantly greater amount of sTILs in Asians (37.7%, p=0.01) and Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander (NHPI) (37.2%, p=0.02) patients compared to White patients on multivariate analysis. We found no significant differences in pCR among the different racial/ethnic groups.ConclusionsRacial/ethnic differences in the amount of sTILs in breast cancer tumors suggest that higher sTIL percentages alone do not predict for pCR. Increases in sTILs in Asian and NHPI patients suggest differences in immune cell profiles in the breast tumor microenvironment. This may in part contribute to known outcome disparities in these populations.
Community Water Supply Project in Ikuru Town, Andoni, Rivers State: Performance and Challenges
Authors: Nwajuaku Ijeoma Immaculata , Ezetoha Njideka Ophelia , Ezeokoye N.G.
Published: September 2021

The paper aims at evaluating the performances and challenges of a community water supply project in Ikulu town. At the outset of 2021, as the decade of action to deliver the sustainable development goals (SDG) by 2030 gets underway, Ikuru Town is not on track to achieve Goals 6 (clean water and sanitation). Assessment of the Ikuru water supply project involved two ways. visitation to the treatment plant to observe the condition of the facility and use of the unstructured interview. Water samples were collected after treatment from the user point. Sampling was repeated three times on three different days. Physicochemical and microbial qualities of water samples were analyzed, using the standard for examination of water and wastewater by APHA. Results showed that total coliform bacteria were present in the water sample. Iron concentration was above the WHO limit. The concentration of manganese was above the recommended level and Iron bacteria were also present after treatment. In conclusion, the water is not potable and palatable due to its objectionable taste and orange brown colour. Therefore, there is needs for drastic treatment of Ikulu community water project at the point source using shock chlorination as a recommended method to improve its performance level. Moreover, supportive intervention is required from governmental institutions to overcome the challenges of this water project for sustainability.
ɤ-TiAl alloy: Tensile creep deformation behaviour and creep life at 832 °C
Authors: Saha Mainak
Published: September 2021

Creep deformation in single phase ɤ-TiAl alloy manufactured using different processing techniques has been an extensively studied topic since the late 1970s. The present work revisits the original work on understanding the tensile creep deformation behaviour of wrought single-phase ɤ-TiAl alloy by Hayes and Martin [1] and is aimed to develop an understanding of steady state creep. Besides, it is also aimed to investigate the creep life for stress levels of 69.4 and 103.4 MPa at 832 ⁰C using Monkman-Grant [2] approach.
What Drives Energy Efficiency in Africa? Insights from 12 Selected Countries Using Incremental Decomposition Analysis
Authors: Alemzero David , Huaping Sun
Published: September 2021

This paper examines why Africa, and Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) in particular, has some of the worse energy efficiency indicators in the world. It examines the relationship between total primary energy supply (TPES), final energy consumption, and transmission and distribution (T&D) losses on the continent. We apply the Sun-Shaley incremental decomposition method of logarithmic mean divisia index (LMDI to twelve (12) African countries using data from 2000 to 2016 to decompose TPES into the effects of changes in final energy consumption (FEC), population change (POP), carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, and economic activity measured by gross domestic product (GDP), and their impact on energy efficiency. The method provides a precise decomposition analysis and incremental results that can be added to study the long-run impacts without any information missing in between. The findings show that the study countries have worsening energy efficiency indicators with energy intensity (EI) as high as 55%, coupled with an inefficient transformation of primary energy supply to final consumption, culminating in significant systems losses. It was further discovered that countries that have more significant proportions of renewables sources in their energy mix have lower transmission and distribution losses. This study serves as a guide to the policy discourse regarding the energy efficiency situation in Africa.
Volatile Constituents of Floral Scents from Encyclia cordigera (Kunth) Dressler and E. randii (Barb. Rodr.) Porto & Brade (Orchidaceae)
Authors: de Vasconcelos Franciléia , Andrade Eloisa Helena , Teixeira Luiz Otávio , Maia José Guilherme
Published: September 2021

Encyclia cordigera is native from Central America tropical region, and Encyclia randii occurs at Brazilian Amazon environment domains. Floral concentrates from both Encyclia species were extracted, analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, and identified compounds belong to terpenoids, phenylpropanoids, and fatty acid derivatives classes. Primary constituents of the E. cordigera floral scent were β-ionol (45.4%), terpinen-4-ol (12.4%), benzyl benzoate (5.6%), and indole (5.0%). (2E,6Z)-Farnesol (24.9%), heptanal (11.8%), (E)-nerolidol (9.4%), nonanal (6.4%), p-vinyl-guaiacol (6.0%), and phenylethyl benzoate (5.3%) have predominated in the floral scent of E. randii. From the olfactory standpoint, E. cordigera scent was previously characterized as a blend of ionone-floral and aromatic-floral notes. Very likely, E. randii scent presents the woody fragrance due to sesquiterpenes (2E,6Z)-farnesol and (E)-nerolidol and the fruity note from the aldehydes heptanal and nonanal. Floral perfume plays a fundamental role in attracting pollinating insects, whose symbiosis contributes to the appearance of chemical variations in orchid species.
Afectación del rol maternal debido a la pandemia
Authors: Vásquez-Munive Mirith , Romero-Cárdenas Ángela
Published: September 2021

La capacidad de una mujer de forjar prácticas de crianza a la altura de las necesidades del hijo, se conoce como construcción del rol maternal, el cual se desarrolla dentro de un contexto que marca las necesidades de adaptación a ese rol. Actualmente la pandemia y la existencia o carencia de apoyo familiar, son las condiciones que más afectan este rol. Se presenta un estudio comparativo, utilizando muestreo tipo bola de nieve, donde se aplicó la escala adopción del rol maternal propuesta por Mercer a 23 madres con hijos menores de seis meses, 13 de ellas con apoyo familiar y 10 carentes de él. Se identificaron las características estadísticamente significativas y se llamó a las entrevistadas, para que fueran ellas las que determinaran cuales de esas características se afectaron por la pandemia. En este estudio se llegó a la conclusión que la pandemia ha afectado el rol maternal principalmente en el microsistema en ambos grupos, las madres que tienen apoyo familiar tienen mayor adopción del rol mientras las madres sin apoyo tienen menor nivel de construcción del rol y su apoyo es el uso de la tecnología. Ambos grupos sienten lejano el apoyo del sector salud.
Radiological Risks Assessment Due to Natural Radioactivity in
Mediterranean Sea Fishes
Authors: Caridi F. , Belmusto G.
Published: September 2021

Background and Objectives:

A comprehensive study was carried out for the determination
of natural radioactivity in Mediterranean sea fishes and the evaluation of radiological
health risks due to their ingestion. All analyzed samples came from the Calabria region, southern
Italy, and, in particular, from the district of Reggio Calabria.

Method:

A total of seventy representative samples, five for each investigated species (Sardina
Pilchardus, Mugil Cephalus, Scomber Scombrus, Sparus Aurata, Dicentrarchus Labrax, Tonnus
Thynnus, Thunnus Alalunga, Xiphaias Gladius, Pagellus Erythrinnus, Engraulis Encrasicholus,
Belone Belone, Solea Solea, Merluccius Merluccius, Mullus Surmuletus) were analyzed
through HPGe gamma spectrometry. The evaluation of dose levels and lifetime cancer
risks for adult members of the population due to the fishes ingestion was also performed.

Results:

The specific activity of 40K was investigated and its mean value was found to be: (157
± 17) for Sardina Pilchardus, (138 ± 14) for Mugil Cephalus, (118 ± 13) for Scomber
Scombrus, (128 ± 14) for Sparus Aurata, (146 ± 17) for Dicentrarchus Labrax, (93 ± 11) for
Tonnus Thynnus, (137 ± 15) for Thunnus Alalunga, (98 ± 10) for Xiphaias Gladius, (105 ± 12)
for Pagellus Erythrinnus, (132 ± 14) for Engraulis Encrasicholus, (113 ± 12) for Belone Belone,
(34 ± 5) for Solea Solea, (76 ± 9) for Merluccius Merluccius and (96 ± 11) for Mullus
Surmuletus, respectively.

Conclusions:

The committed effective dose and the lifetime cancer risks for adult members of
the population due to the consumption of the investigated samples are lower than the average
world value, the maximum acceptable level and the allowed range, respectively. It can then be
concluded that the Mediterranean sea fishes consumed in the study area pose no significant
health risks to the population from a radiological point of view.
Cross-sectional Study on Effects of Ondansetron and Meperidine in the Prevention of Postoperative Shivering after Spinal Anesthesia
Authors: Vahabi Sepideh , Beiranvand Siavash , Karimi Arash , Jafari-Takab Bagher
Published: September 2021

Purpose:

Post-anesthesia shivering is one of the most common problems after surgery and may lead to multiple complications such as hypoxemia, lactate acidosis and catecholamine release. The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of intravenous meperidine and ondansetron on postoperative shivering in patients having an elective cesarean section under spinal anesthesia.

Design:

Cross-sectional study

Methods:

In this cross-sectional study, 105 patients with the age of 18-45 years and ASA class I-II undergoing elective cesarean section were randomly assigned into three groups. Group O was administered 8mg ondansetron, group M patients were given 0.4mg/kg meperidine and group P was placebo that was administered with 2cc of saline intravenously after the delivery. The incidence and intensity of shivering and postoperative nausea was monitored and recorded by the trained nurse. The data obtained was analyzed using SPSS v18.

Results:

All three groups (n=35) had no significant difference in terms of age, weight and time of spinal anesthesia. Postoperative shivering was reported in 4 patients (11.4%) in group A and 3 patients (8.6%) in group B and in 14 patients (40%) in group C. The incidence of postoperative shivering was significantly less in groups A and B as compared to the placebo, p=0.03. The intensity of shivering was greater in group C as compared to groups A and B, p=0.01. The incidence and intensity of postoperative nausea was significantly less in group A, p=0.03, p<0.001, respectively, while no difference was reported in groups B and C, p<0.05.

Conclusion:

8mg ondansetron and 0.4 mg/kg of meperidine are equally effective in managing postoperative shivering; however, ondansetron has an additional effect of reducing the incidence of postoperative nausea among patients undergoing caesarean section with spinal anesthesia.
Guías de mejores prácticas para la gestión en organizaciones de productores de leche
Authors: Rendón Ocampo Claudia Patricia , Santacruz Castro Adriana Marcela , Buitrago Albarado Claudia Patricia , Lesmes Chavur Angélica Rocío , Navarrete Fernández Andrea
Published: September 2021

Este manual contiene buena parte de los aprendizajes adquiridos por las organizaciones vinculadas al proyecto, conseguidos durante el proceso de acompañamiento a las juntas directivas y que pueden aplicarse, en la medida de lo necesario, a otras organizaciones. Su diseño se divide por guías de mejores prácticas que facilitan la lectura, teniendo en cuenta que en cada una encontrará: gobernanza: el camino para orientar el funcionamiento de las organizaciones; planeación por impacto: el paso a paso para el logro de los objetivos de la organización; calidad de la leche: garantizar su producción en la finca; calidad de la leche: producción por parte de las organizaciones; y formalización del proceso de entrega de la leche. Además, cada una de las guías pone a disposición de las organizaciones una serie de formatos anexos para garantizar la continuidad en las prácticas y facilitar el mantenimiento de las actividades identificadas que aseguren la calidad de la leche.
Translation Strategies of Chinese and English Trope Sentence
Authors: Chunying Li
Published: September 2021

Metaphor is to use a familiar and concrete thing to explain another strange and abstract thing. These two things must be essentially different but have similarities. Trope is an important rhetorical device and expression means in both Chinese and English. How to translate Chinese and English trope sentences properly and accurately is a question that scholars have been discussing. Four commonly used translation strategies: literal translation, free translation, interpretative translation and supplementary translation are introduced in this paper, aiming to provide a reference and guideline to the scholars who are interested in this field.
Understanding the “Micro” in Political Micro-Targeting: An Analysis of Facebook Digital Advertising in the 2019 Federal Canadian Election
Authors: Bennett Colin J. , Gordon Jesse
Published: September 2021

Background: There is vigorous international debate on the effects of political micro-targeting on campaigning practices and the integrity of democracy. It arguably encourages a more fragmented and transactional politics where localized promises go unchallenged.

Analysis: If political micro-targeting requires a precisely segmented audience, a specific location, and a focused policy message, then how much political micro-targeting actually occurs in Canadian elections? This article analyzes a sample of Facebook ads on two critical dates during the 2019 federal elections.

Conclusions and implications: Only a small minority of ads met these criteria for political micro-targeting. The findings suggest the need for a more nuanced understanding of the practice and greater transparency.
Metaphorical Argumentation
Authors: Romero Esther , Soria Belén
Published: September 2021

It is a fact that novel metaphorical utterances appear in natural language argumentation. It seems, moreover, that these put forward metaphorical propositions that can have different roles (data, warrants or claims) in argument structure. There can even be good argumentation which is indispensably metaphorical. However, not all metaphor theories provide an explanation of metaphorical meaning compatible with these claims. In this article, we explain the three main views on metaphorical meaning and show, analysing some examples, their consequences for metaphorical argumentation. Our analysis shows that only the cognitive view can explain that there are arguments which can only be generated using novel metaphors.
Act or Object
Authors: Butterworth John
Published: September 2021

Many standard definitions of ‘argument’ that recognise an ambiguity between its active and objective senses seek to subsume these in various ways into a single, composite whole. This, it is argued, glosses over the distinction instead of exploiting its elucidatory potential. Whilst optimistic about the prospects of theory integration, the paper recommends a methodology of differentiation as a first necessary step towards any such goal. It starts by assuming that ‘argument’ refers —simultaneously and independently— to two different things, making space between them for a theory of argument based on the then necessary externality of the relation between them.
EKSISTENSI HUKUM JINAYAT DALAM MASYARAKAT NUSANTARA
Authors: Yusuf Muhammad
Published: September 2021

AbstrakPergulatan tentang  supremasi  hukum Islam dalam masyarakat nusantara dimulai pada masa penjajahan Belanda, ketika Belanda mulai mengusik hukum masyarakat demi memperkuat cengkeramannya untuk menguasai bumi nusantara ini. Awalnya ilmuan hukum Belanda masih jernih dalam melihat kebenaran bahwa hukum Islam dalam masyarakat muslim nusantara lebih tinggi kedudukannya dari pada hukum adat sehingga lahir teori receptie in complexu, namun hal ini tidak berlaku lama karena ilmuan hukum Belanda lainnya merubah teori ini dengan teori receptie yang menempatkan hukum Islam lebih rendah dari hukum adat. Hal ini dilakukan untuk kepentingan politik kekuasaan Belanda. Setelah Indonesia merdeka, ilmuan hukum Indonesia mulai meluruskan kembali kedudukan hukum Islam dan menempatkannya pada kedudukan yang sebenarnya, sehingga  muncul  teori receptie exit yang dipelopori oleh Hazairin, teori receptio a contrario oleh Sayuti Thalib dan teori eksistensi oleh ichtijanto. Ketiga teori ini mempunyai tujuan yang sama yaitu berusaha menempatkan kedudukan hukum Islam yang diakui eksistensinya di Indonesia. Namun tidak sepenuhnya teori-teori tersebut berlaku di Indonesia karena hukum jinayat (pidana Islam) tidak pernah mendapat pengakuan sebagai hukum yang dapat dilaksanakan di Indonesia, melainkan tetap masih menggunakan Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Pidana (KUHP) peninggalan Belanda. Sehingga dalam penelitian ini ingin melihat sejauh mana eksistensi hukum Islam di Indonesia dan mengapa hukum jinayat sukar sekali dilaksanakan di Indonesia yang mayoritas penduduknya adalah umat Islam. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dan penelitian kepustakaan (library research). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa eksistensi hukum Islam di Indonesia hanya dalam bidang perdata, sementara dalam bidang pidana masih menggunakan KUHP peninggalan Belanda, kemudian kendala pelaksanaan hukum jinayat lebih kepada budaya masyarakat yang belum sepenuhnya sesuai dengan Islam dan kendala politik. Kata Kunci: Eksistensi, Hukum Jinayat dan masyarakat
PEMIKIRAN TAFSIR AL-MUNIR FI AL-AQIDAH WA AL-SYARI’AH AL-MANHAJ KARYA DR.WAHBAH AL-ZUHAYLI
Authors: Sulfanwandi Sulfanwandi
Published: September 2021

Abstrak   Al-Quran merupakan petunjuk dan pedoman bagi umat manusia yang di dalamnya terdapat beberapa aspek seperti aspek balaghah, ma’ani, dan sastra Arab lainnya. Oleh karena itu, perlu adanya tafsir yang berperan sebagai penjelas terhadap makna ayat-ayat Alquran. Di dalam khazanah tafsir sudah banyak mufassir yang menafsirkan Alquran dari lintas klasik hingga kontemporer. Para mufassir menelaah ayat-ayat Alquran dengan corak-corak beragam dan ciri khas masing-masing. Dalam hal ini penulis melihat adanya keunikan dari Wahbah al-Zuhayli dalam menafsirkan Alquran dan beliau merupakan ulama kontemporer yang mengaitkan tafsir dan syariah. Maka dapat dilihat bagaimana cara beliau dalam menafsirkan Alquran serta apa kelebihan dan kekurangan dari kitab tafsir tersebut.   Kata Kunci : Pemikiran Wahbah Al-Zuhayli, Tafsir Al-Munir.
EFEKTIVITAS KINERJA SATPOL PP DAN WH DALAM PENERTIBAN PNS MENURUT PERGUB ACEH NOMOR 139 TAHUN 2016 (Studi Kasus di Kabupaten Aceh Besar)
Authors: Maulina Safira , Khairani Khairani , Rispalman Rispalman
Published: September 2021

Abstrak Kajian ini untuk menjawab permasalahan efektivitas kinerja Satuan Polisi Pamong Praja dan Wilayatul Hisbah dalam penertiban pegawai negeri sipil menurut peraturan gubernur Aceh nomor 139 tahun 2016 tentang kedudukan, susunan organisasi, tugas, fungsi dan tata kerja satuan Pamong Praja dan Wilayatul Hisbah Aceh. Idealnya, Satpol PP dan WH wajib melaksanaan tugas dan wewenangnya dalam penertiban PNS yang lalai pada saat jam dinas dan para PNS wajib menaati peraturan yang telah ditetapkan dalam kode etik PNS dan apabila tidak dilaksanakan akan dikenakan hukuman disipilin baik itu hukuman disiplin tingkat ringan, sedang ataupun berat sesuai dengan pelanggaran. Rumusan masalahnya ialah pertama, Bagaimana Kinerja Satpol PP dan WH dalam penertiban PNS di Aceh besar. Kedua, Bagaimana strategi yang dijalankan oleh satpol PP dan WH dalam penertiban PNS di Aceh besar sudah dilaksanakan secara efektiv. Ketiga, Bagaimana tinjauan hukum Islam terhadap pelaksanaan penertiban PNS. Penelitian ini dilakukan menggunakan pendekatan hukum normatif empiris menggunakan jenis penelitian lapangan (Field Research) dan kepustakaan (Library Research) yakni mengkaji hukum yang tertulis juga fakta di lapangan dengan menggunakan pola deskriptif analitik untuk mendeskripsikan atau memberi gambaran terhadap objek yang diteliti melalui data atau sampel yang telah terkumpul dengan membuat kesimpulan. Dari hasil penelitian didapati bahwa dalam peraturan gubernur Aceh nomor 139 tahun 2016 telah mengatur penertiban terhadap PNS yang keluar tanpa izin pada saat jam dinas dan hukum setiap pelanggar telah diatur dalam kode etik PNS sendiri. Satpol PP dan WH tidak sepenuh nya efektif melaksanakan tugas karena masih banyak pegawai yang berada diluar begitupun dengan strategi untuk mengatasi hambatan yang dilakukan juga tidak efektif. Kata Kunci : Satpol PP dan WH, Penertiban PNS, Pergub Aceh nomor 139 Tahun 2016
PIDANA MATI BAGI KORUPTOR DANA BENCANA NON ALAM (Studi Terhadap Konsekuensi Kepres No. 12 Tahun 2020)
Authors: Bustamam Amrullah
Published: September 2021

ABSTRAK             Pidana Mati merupakan hukuman Pokok dalam Pasal 10 KUHP, dan juga termuat dalam Pasal 2 ayat 2 UU No. 31 Tahun 1999 tentang Pemberatasan Korupsi. Pro dan Kontra kemungkinan para koruptor dana Pandemic Covid -19 di pidana Mati menjadi isu yang hangat diakhir tahun 2020, pasca penetapan Menteri Sosial sebagai tersangka kasus korupsi dana bantuan sosial. Studi ini lebih mengarah pada apakah koruptor dana bantuan masa pandemic Covid -19 ini dapat di hukum mati jika  di hubungkan dengan konsekuensi dari dikeluarkannya Kepres No. 12 Tahun 2020 yang menetapkan Covid -19 sebagai bencana Non-alam. Hasil studi ini adalah Konsekuensi logis dari  penetapan wabah Covid-19 ini sebagai bencana non –alam sesuai Kepres No. 12/2020 adalah  sangatlah mustahil pidana mati dapat dijatuhkan kepada pelaku Koruptor mengingat bahwa dalam penjelasan Pasal 2 ayat 2 UU No. 31 Tahun 1999 mengharuskannya bencana alam sebagai syarat frasa “keadaan tertentu” agar dapat di jatuhi pidana mati bagi koruptor. Kata Kunci : Pidana Mati, Bencana Non-Alam
PENELANTARAN RUMAH TANGGA SEBAGAI BENTUK KEKERASAN DALAM RUMAH TANGGA YANG MENJADI ALASAN PERCERAIAN DI MASA PANDEMI COVID-19 (Studi Kasus Pengadilan Agama Siak)
Authors: Bakhtiar Yusnanik
Published: September 2021

ABSTRACTDivorce can occur in every household that is experiencing problems. Many factors cause divorce, among which the most dominant is disputes and quarrels continuously, leaving one party, economic factors. At the time of the Corona Pandemic, of course, it will affect the divorce rate at the Siak Religious Court. The effect of this corona pandemic can cause the divorce rate to increase or vice versa to decrease. This type of research is an empirical research using juridical empirical research with a sociological juridical approach. This research is located at the Siak Religious Court. From the results of the research conducted by the author, data on the divorce rate entered into the Siak Religious Court in 2019 were 581 cases consisting of 175 divorce cases and 406 divorce cases. Meanwhile, in 2020 to October there is a tendency of decreasing divorce cases by 459 cases, consisting of 131 cases of divorce and 328 cases of divorce. So it can be concluded that the corona pandemic has no impact on divorce cases in the Siak Religious Court. The cause of divorce was motivated by the continuous disputes and quarrels as much as 78.50%, leaving one party 16.20% and economic factors as much as 3.55%. Regarding divorce itself is regulated in Law No. 1 of 1974 concerning Marriage, Government Regulation No. 9 of 1975 concerning the Implementation of Law No.1 of 1974 concerning Marriage, and Inpres No. 1 of 1991 concerning Compilation of Islamic Law. Keywords: Divorce, Household Abandonment, Economy, Pandemic, Corona
Cournot-Nash Equilibrium and Perfect Competition in the Solow-Uzawa Growth Model
Authors: Zhang Wei-Bin
Published: September 2021

The purpose of this study is to contribute to economic growth theory by introducing Cournot competition into the Solow-Uzawa neoclassical growth model with Zhang’s concept of disposable income and utility function. The Solow-Uzawa two-sector growth model deals with economic growth with two sectors with all the markets perfectly competitive. The final goods sector in this study is the same as that in the Solow model with perfect competition. The consumer goods sector is composed of two firms and characterized by Cournot competition. All the input factors are traded in perfectly competitive markets. The duopoly’s product is solely consumed by consumers. Perfectly competitive firms earn zero profit, while duopolists earn positive profits. This study assumes that the population shares the profits equally. First, we built the dynamic model. Afterward, we found a computational procedure to describe the time-dependent path of the economy and conducted comparative dynamic analyses of some parameters. Finally, we compared the economic performances of the model with Cournot competition and the perfectly competitive model.
Los consumidores y la co-creación de valor: el caso de una comunidad de marca virtual
Authors: Otero-Gómez María Cristina , Giraldo-Pérez Wilson
Published: September 2021

Este artículo tiene como objetivo analizar la cocreación de valor a partir de los comentarios online generados por el consumidor y su influencia en las intenciones de recompra de una marca. Se trata de un estudio de caso aplicado a una comunidad de marca de vehículos en Colombia ubicada en la red social Facebook. El estudio se fundamenta en la creación y circulación de comentarios positivos por parte del consumidor en relación con su marca, abordando principalmente los conceptos defensa, evangelismo y promoción. Para la realización de este estudio se utilizó un enfoque cuantitativo en el que se procesaron los datos procedentes de 140 encuestas virtuales, sirviéndose del software SmartPLS 3.0 para realizar el análisis factorial y así determinar la validez y confiablidad del instrumento. Posteriormente se usó el modelo de ecuaciones estructurales para corroborar las hipótesis. Los datos revelan que las variables que presentan influencia en las intenciones de recompra son, en su orden: promoción de marca y evangelismo de marca. Por el contrario, la defensa de la marca carece de influencia en el comportamiento posconsumo. Esto sugiere que los consumidores, como miembros de una comunidad, son más proclives a realizar acciones de evangelización y promoción que favorecen la marca, como, por ejemplo: brindar información a otros clientes sobre los aspectos positivos de esta, recomendarla a nuevos consumidores, promover la generación de opiniones positivas tanto online como offline y otros comportamientos que evidencien un elevado nivel de apoyo. De este modo, la promoción requiere de un amplio conocimiento y experiencia con la marca, lo que conlleva a repetir su compra y a adoptar de forma temprana los nuevos lanzamientos para la diversificación de la marca.
A GESTÃO DO CONHECIMENTO NO SETOR DE SEGUROS: O CICLO DE WIIG APLICADO AO PROCESSO COMERCIAL DE UMA CORRETORA DE SEGUROS
Authors: Teixeira Amanda Carolina , Tenório Nelson , Sartori Rejane , Dantas Waldirene de Cássia
Published: September 2021

A adoção da Gestão do Conhecimento (GC) é uma estratégia para organizações que querem ser competitivas. Já os processos da GC auxiliam na compreensão de como o conhecimento flui nas organizações. Em corretoras de seguros, o processo comercial concentra a maior parte do conhecimento organizacional. Nesse sentido, este estudo objetiva identificar a existência de um ciclo de GC no processo comercial e analisar as atividades comerciais presentes em cada processo do ciclo. Para tanto, realizou-se um estudo de caso em uma corretora de seguros localizada em Maringá-PR. Trata-se de uma pesquisa exploratória de análise descritiva, que se utilizou de observação, questionários e entrevista. Os resultados mostram a relação entre as atividades do processo comercial e os processos do Ciclo de GC de Wiig (1993): construir, conservar, distribuir e aplicar. Na construção do conhecimento, as experiências pessoais e o aprendizado com a prática são característicos da formação do corretor de seguros. Como não há a formalização desse conhecimento da atividade comercial em manuais de procedimentos, a fase de conservação praticamente não ocorre na memória da organização. Na distribuição, o compartilhamento do conhecimento é realizado espontaneamente, com base em não conformidades e lições aprendidas, sem a codificação desses aprendizados. Por fim, na etapa de aplicação do conhecimento, recorre-se à memória individual ou coletiva para aplicar o conhecimento durante as atividades de trabalho e nas negociações com os clientes. Desse modo, evidencia-se a necessidade reter e disseminar o conhecimento tácito ali presente, a fim garantir maior eficiência operacional e retorno financeiro à organização.
Gestão empresarial: um estudo sobre o microempreendedor individual do setor de comércio do município de São Mateus-ES
Authors: Andrade Vivian Hannah Mota de , Silva José Geraldo Ferreira da
Published: September 2021

O comércio é um dos setores que mais contribui à economia do município de São Mateus e uma grande quantidade de micro e pequenas empresas é notada, destacando-se o Microempreendedor Individual (MEI). Diante disto, esta investigação tem o propósito de contribuir com informações que possam auxiliar a gestão empresarial dos MEIs do setor de comércio em São Mateus; traçando o perfil desses sujeitos jurídicos, identificando suas principais necessidades gerenciais e sua percepção acerca das instituições de apoio presentes no município; e possibilitar soluções para o enfrentamento das necessidades identificadas. Para isso, foi realizada uma pesquisa de campo no município, entre os meses de julho e agosto do ano de 2019, aplicando-se questionários a um grupo de 92 MEIs comerciantes. Percebeu-se que os MEIs necessitam de auxílio na abertura do negócio para que se mantenham sustentáveis e tenham menos dificuldades na condução e gestão do negócio. Diante disso, recomenda-se ao Governo e às instituições de apoio ao empreendedorismo que trabalhem para alcançar esse público, sugere-se ainda que os MEIs busquem adquirir conhecimento para aprimorar seus negócios.
Resignificando la historia de la Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira. AJUTP : Memorias que no se jubilan
Authors: Correa Ramírez Jhon Jaime , Gil Pérez Anderson Paul , Agudelo Castañeda Natalia
Published: September 2021

El presente texto parte de la necesidad de construir una historia de la Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira que sea más incluyente. Los pocos recuentos históricos que se han hecho de la Universidad hasta ahora tienden a privilegiar una memoria oficial o fundacional –especialmente la de los primeros rectores que orientaron esta institución educativa–, que sin negar su importancia, han dejado por fuera las experiencias de vida y las trayectorias históricas de un gran número de personas que en su condición de docentes y empleados de la UTP también han aportado a la construcción y fortalecimiento del principal centro académico de educación superior del Departamento de Risaralda y de la ciudad de Pereira. Para el efecto, se parte de la premisa de que la Universidad es una construcción colectiva, que, si la asumimos desde la teoría del campo educativo propuesta por Pierre Bourdieu, es decir, como un escenario de múltiples disputas sociales, esta historia se nos presenta como un proceso complejo, ...
Modern european professional experience of the translator of romano-germanic languages
Authors: Kuzmenko Tetiana , Fakhurdinova Maryna , Perova Svitlana , Stativka Olena , Pashchuk Yuriy
Published: September 2021

The purpose of the research is to describe and analyse the advantages of the author’s training and methodological complex to the discipline “Translation models of Romano-Germanic languages”, which is designed to support linguistic self-educational activities of young professionals, translators. The training complex is an open multifunctional system of learning and exchanging experience, which contains didactic, methodological, informational and reference materials. Translation strategies consider general pedagogical, ergonomic and specific principles of work. The range of methods (theoretical, empirical, statistical) aims to achieve the purpose of the research and systematize the results. Empirical methods of testing, observation, as well as a pedagogical experiment conducted with students were used to test the effectiveness of the project. The statistical method was used to evaluate the results of the experiment. The result of the project is to provide conditions for gaining translation experience in terms of individual study. In the modern context, the adaptive algorithm for constructing an own individual trajectory of self-education of a young teacher in a harmonious combination of his individuality and educational needs is actualized.