bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Current state and productivity of age-old experimental plantations of prof. V.D. Ogievsky in the northeastern part of Ukraine
Authors: Zhezhkun M. , Demianenko L.V.
Published: September 2021

This research is aimed at determining the health condition and productivity of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) stands created during 1906–1908 on the initiative of Prof. V. D. Ogievsky. The scheme of silvicultural experiments included: determining the influence of different widths and directions of clear felling on the natural regeneration, testing of pine plantations of pure and mixed composition and the choice of methods for their creation. In terms of health condition, 103–105-year-old artificial pine stands are weakened and their health condition is slightly worse compared to the aged pines of natural origin. The productivity of age-old linden-pine plantations is higher than of pure pine plantations, and the stock of stem wood in plantations created by seed sowing and marketability is higher compared to the plantations created by planting seedlings.
Genetic diversity of Betula nana in Sweden and conservation implications for protection of relict Polish populations
Authors: Dąbrowska Grażyna B. , Dąbrowski Henryk P. , Szyp-Borowska Iwona
Published: September 2021

The natural range of the dwarf birch (Betula nana L.) includes the boreal, subarctic and arctic regions of Europe, Asia and North America, where it is relatively common. In Poland, it is a relict species occurring in fragmented populations. Using the random amplification of polymorphic DNA (RAPD) technique, we investigated the genetic diversity of the four Swedish populations representing a part of the continuous range of dwarf birch. With the knowledge of the level of genetic diversity of a population from a continuous distribution, we can assess the genetic status of polish populations and answer the question if habitat fragmentation and a decrease in population size lead to a loss in genetic diversity. Knowledge of genetic diversity is important for species conservation, especially to predict their ability to respond to environmental pressures. We found that the populations Abisko, Malbo, Gällivare and Storlien, which are located at the edge of the natural range of B. nana and occupy different habitats, are genetically diverse to varying degrees. The northern populations from Abisko and Gällivare showed a lower level of genetic polymorphism than the population from Malbo, the southernmost site of dwarf birch in Sweden. The data presented indicate higher genetic diversity existed within populations, whereas genetic differentiation between populations was lower. The high level of genetic differentiation within B. nana populations that were analysed in the present study may be explained by a limited capacity for dispersal among populations via both pollen and seeds.

We found that the level of genetic diversity in one of the Polish populations of B. nana is comparable to that in areas in Scandinavia where populations are large and continuous. Based on these studies, we conclude that the “Linje” population has sufficient genetic resources.
Accumulation of heavy metals in soil and litter of roadside plantations in Western Polissia of Ukraine
Authors: Maksimtsev Serhii , Dudarets Serhii , Yukhnovskyi Vasyl
Published: September 2021

The article presents the results of a study on the influence of roadside forest belts of different species composition on the accumulation of heavy metals in soil and litter along roads of international and national importance in the conditions of Western Polissia of Ukraine. Mobile forms of Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn in soil and forest litter samples were determined in ammonium acetate extract buffer by atomic absorption spectrometry. The analysis of the content of heavy metals, their comparison with the maximum allowable concentrations depending on the composition of plantations and the category of the highway have been done. It is confirmed that roadside forest belts perform important functions in the accumulation of heavy metals in soil and forest litter. It is confirmed that roadside forest belts perform important functions in the accumulation of heavy metals in soil and forest litter. Among all the pollutants studied, the concentration of cadmium was the lowest and that of zinc the highest (especially in forest litter). Lead and copper in this indicator occupied an intermediate position. Despite the different species composition of plantations, the coefficient of concentration of heavy metals in the soil did not exceed the maximum allowable concentrations and was on average in the range of 0.10–0.20 of these indicators. The greatest effect of delaying the migration of heavy metals was observed in forest litter. Therefore, in order to effectively use the biological barrier along the roads, it is necessary to create linear protective belts of deciduous species with Acer platanoides, Betula pendula, Carpinus betulus and Tilia cordata, which give a rich annual litterfall.
Planktonic communities in a small post-peat reservoir (Ustka Forest District, Poland)
Authors: Rychert Krzysztof , Wielgat-Rychert Magdalena , Matviikiv Anna , Kryvoshei Yana , Parfeniuk Anastasiia
Published: September 2021

The aim of this study was to evaluate the present state of a small (area of 0.2 ha), shallow (mean depth of 2 m) and approximately 30-year-old post-peat reservoir located in Bruskowskie Bagno, a Baltic raised mire in northern Poland. The study was conducted during all seasons of the year (August 2019–July 2020). The reservoir was characterised by a yellow to brown water colour, low pH (5.4) and quite low conductivity (40.4 μS cm-1), which are the main features of dystrophic water bodies. Similar to natural, dystrophic lakes and ponds, the phytoplankton was mainly composed of mixotrophic species like Dinobryon sp. and Gonyostomum semen. The only numerous non-flagellate group within the phytoplankton was desmids, which indicated that the water was influenced by the mire. The reservoir was characterised by a high abundance of ciliates (annual mean of 55.6 cells ml-1) and a very high abundance of rotifers (annual mean of 3.72 ind. ml-1). Among ciliates, the most important were prostomatids, accounting for 53% of the mean annual ciliate abundance. The results of our study indicate that artificial, approximately 30-year-old, post-peat reservoir resembled a natural dystrophic water body.
Improvement of the quality in hydroponically grown fresh aromatic herbs by inducing mild salinity stress is species-specific
Authors: Aktsoglou Danai-Christina , Kasampalis Dimitrios S. , Sarrou Eirini , Tsouvaltzis Pavlos , Chatzopoulou Paschalina , Martens Stefan , Siomos Anastasios S.
Published: September 2021

Profitable hydroponic production requires high quality fresh water, which is often not available for agricultural use, while desalinisation of salty water is an expensive and unsustainable technology. In the present study, we assessed the effect of mild salinity stress during the soilless cultivation of fresh peppermint and spearmint in the floating system on biomass yield, produce quality and plant secondary metabolite content. Peppermint and spearmint plants were grown for 25 days on a nutrient solution (NS) supplemented with three different NaCl concentrations (0 mM, 10 mM or 20 mM NaCl). The plant height, root length, fresh and dry weight were recorded and composition was determined on fresh tissue. The composition of essential oil was determined upon hydrodistillation and that of polyphenolic compounds by targeted ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometer (UPLC-MS/MS). Plant growth was not suspended by the addition of NaCl in the NS, except for the plant height at the highest salinity level. In peppermint, the nutritional composition was not affected by the salinity, whereas it was significantly improved in spearmint as confirmed by the nitrate content decrease and the total antioxidant capacity, total soluble phenol, total carotenoid and essential oil content increases. Simultaneously, no effect of the salinity on essential oil or polyphenolic composition in both plants was induced. In conclusion, peppermint and spearmint production is feasible in the floating system even under mild salinity conditions, without negatively affecting either the crop yield or the plant's essential oil or phenolic composition. Indeed, low salinity levels improved the nutritional composition of spearmint plants.
The Impact of Hindlimb Suspension on the Rat Eye: A Molecular and Histological Analysis of the Retina
Authors: Theriot Corey A. , Chevez-Barrios Patricia , Loughlin Thomas , Beheshti Afshin , Mercaldo Nathaniel D. , Zanello Susana B.
Published: September 2021

The Spaceflight Associated Neuro-ocular Syndrome (SANS) is hypothesized to be associated with microgravity-induced fluid shifts. There is a need for an animal model of SANS to investigate its pathophysiology. We used the rat hindlimb suspension (HS) model to examine the relationship between the assumed cephalad fluid shifts, intraocular (IOP) pressure and the molecular responses in the retina to the prolonged change in body posture. Long evans rats were subjected to HS up to 90 days. Animals completing 90-day suspension were further studied for recovery periods up to 90 additional days in normal posture. With respect to baseline, the average IOP increase in HS animals and the rate of change varied by cohort. Transcriptomics evidence supported a response to HS in the rat retina that was affected by age and sex. Several molecular networks suggested stress imposed by HS affected the retinal vasculature, oxidative and inflammation status, pigmented epithelium and glia. The CSNK1A1-TP53 pathway was implicated in the response in all cohorts. Sex-specific genes were involved in cytoprotection and may explain sex-dependent vulnerabilities to certain eye diseases. These results support the hypothesis that changes in the biology of the retina subjected to simulated microgravity involve both the neural and vascular retina.
Field evidence suggests that the Palaeoproterozoic Gowganda Formation in Canada is non-glacial in origin
Authors: Molén Mats O.
Published: September 2021

During more than a century since its original identification, the Gowganda Formation in Ontario (Canada) has gradually been reinterpreted from representing mainly subglacial tillites to secondary gravity flow and glaciomarine deposits. The main pieces of geological evidence advanced in favour of glaciation in recent articles are outsized clasts that have been interpreted as dropstones and patches of diamictites in a single small-sized area at Cobalt which is still interpreted as displaying subglacial basal tillites. The present research considers field evidence in the Gowganda Formation in the light of more recent work on gravity flows linked to tectonics. Detailed studies have demonstrated that the clasts which are interpreted to be dropstones rarely penetrate laminae and are commonly draped by sediments the appearance of which is similar to lonestones in gravity flows. The “subglacial area” at Cobalt displays evidence of tectonics and gravity flows, which can be traced from the underlying bedrock, and then further in the overlying sequence of diamictites and rhythmites. The sum of geological features displays appearances at odds with a primary glaciogenic origin, and there is no unequivocal evidence present of glaciation. The data indicate deposition by non-glaciogenic gravity flows, including cohesive debris flows for the more compact units, probably triggered by tectonic displacements.
Slumping as a record of regional tectonics and palaeoslope changes in the Satpura Basin, central India
Authors: Khan Merajuddin , Khangar Ranjit G. , Raychowdhury Nilasree , Babhare Anand T.
Published: September 2021

Soft-sediment deformation structures play an important role in interpreting regional tectonics and basin evolution during slumping events. The Satpura Basin is interpreted as pull-apart with a monoclinal northerly palaeoslope throughout its evolution. The basin formed as a result of sinistral strike-slip faulting, induced by the ENE–WSW-trending Son-Narmada South fault in the north and the Tapti North fault in the south. We have analysed the slump folds within the basalmost Talchir Formation and related these to regional tectonics and palaeoslope changes in the Satpura Basin. The glaciofluvial strata of the Talchir Formation, exposed in the southern part of the Satpura Basin, record intricacies of folds created during slumping. Several fold styles can be distinguished, within alternations of competent sandstone and incompetent shale layers, some of which indicate buckling. Upright folds, resulting from pure shear, underwent rotation of their axial planes and fold axes during simple shear-dominated progressive deformation when the slump moved downslope. The soft-sediment deformation structures that we have studied show refolding patterns that closely resemble comparable folds known from lithified rocks. These layers with refolded structures are overlain by unde-formed sediments, which proves that they are the product of a single ongoing slumping process, rather than of successive deformation events. Our analysis of their fold axes and axial planes, together with fold vergences and thrust directions within the slumps, suggests a mean slumping direction towards the southwest. Analyses of slump folds and their relationship with regional tectonics have allowed us to reinterpret basin evolution history. The southwesterly trending palaeoslope of the basin suggest that the slope of the basin was not uniform throughout its evolution. At the opening, the oblique slip fault, which trended NE–SW, generated due to movement along the ENE–WSW basin bounding faults, was more active and triggered slumping event within the Talchir deposits in the basin. With progressive overlapping of the basin-bounding faults, the Satpura Basin gradually tilted towards the north.
Caves as geoheritage resource in remote desert areas: a preliminary evaluation of Djara Cave in the Western Desert of Egypt
Authors: Abdel Maksoud Kholoud M. , Baghdadi Mahmoud I. , Ruban Dmitry A.
Published: September 2021

Caves are rare in northeast Africa and, thus, deserve attention as potential geoheritage objects (geosites). Assessment of Djara Cave and its vicinity (Western Desert, Egypt) has permitted to document unique features, such as the cave itself as a peculiar subsurface landform, speleothems providing data for palaeoenvironmental reconstructions, rock art demonstrating elements of past landscapes, siliceous nodules weathered from Eocene limestones and a network of dry drainage channels indicative of wetter palaeoenvironments. These features are assigned to geomorphological, sedimentological and palaeogeographical types of geoheritage. Djara Cave and its vicinity are proposed as a geosite of national rank; it is vulnerable to anthropogenic stress and needs geoconservation measures and instalment of interpretative signs. This geosite is already popular among tourists, and can be used for further tourism development. More generally, the presence of caves in Egyptian desert areas makes possible the recognition of national speleological heritage that requires special country-level strategies of management.
Burdigalian-Langhian foraminifera of the northwest High Zagros Thrust Belt, southwest Iran
Authors: Roozpeykar Asghar , Moghaddam Iraj Maghfouri , Yaazdi Mehdi , Yousefi Bijan
Published: September 2021

The foraminiferal contents of the lower–middle Miocene succession exposed in three sections in north Nur Abad on the northwestern side of the High Zagros Thrust Belt were studied. Assemblages of larger foraminifera from these sections can be referred to Zone SBZ 25 (and the Miogypsina globulus and Miogypsina intermedia subzones), which correlates with the Burdigalian Stage. For the first time, planktonic foraminifera documented from the Nur Abad area document Lang-hian deposits in the High Zagros, the upper 20 metres of the upper Sayl Cheshmeh section being characterised by the occurrence of planktonic foraminifera such as Globigerina concinna (Reuss), Globigerina diplostoma (Reuss), Globigerinoides obliquus (Bolli), Orbulina bilobata (d’Orbigny) and O.universa (d’Orbigny). This association characterises the Orbulina suturalis Interval Zone.
European inter-comparison studies as a tool for perfecting irradiated food detection methods
Authors: Guzik Grzegorz Piotr , Michalik Jacek
Published: September 2021

In this paper, we present the results of inter-comparison studies on identification of irradiated food carried out by the leading European laboratories from 1991 to 2018. In 1990s, the Federal Institute for Health Protection of Consumers and Veterinary Medicine in Germany played the leading role in the organization of the inter-laboratory tests on this subject. At the beginning of the present century, the Spanish Agency for Food Safety and Nutrition and Food National Spanish Centre took over this role. In total, 47 international tests were carried out in which nearly 500 samples of alimentary products were analysed in 37 laboratories from 14 European countries. The tests were aimed at proving the reliability of analytical methods – thermoluminescence (TL), photostimulated luminescence (PSL), and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy – for identification of specific irradiated food products and to control the analytical skills and experience of participating laboratories. The results made possible a discussion on why some irradiated food samples are more difficult for identification. In general, the tests showed that TL measurements of products such as herbs, nuts, peppers, and raisins, and EPR studies of fish and chicken bones, fresh strawberries, and dried fruits could be used as reliable control methods. The challenge that control laboratories are facing now, is related to the identification of complex food products such as diet supplements or biopharmaceuticals, in which only some additives are irradiated.
MEMONITOR KUALITAS PEMBELAJARAN DI FAKULTAS MATEMATIKA DAN ILMU PENGETAHUAN ALAM UNIVERSITAS UDAYANA
Authors: RAHMAD WIDODO RAHMAD , KENCANA I PUTU EKA NILA , SUCIPTAWATI NI LUH PUTU
Published: September 2021

Controlling the quality of learning is very important and influences the accreditation of study programs at the Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences Udayana University, as a guarantor of the quality of graduates. Apply pricipal component analysis to reduce the number of determinant attributes of learning quality, with the aim of looking at the data structure with fewer variables. The control chart is a multivariate control chart that is used to view the potrait of the quality of learning in the Mathematics and Natural Sciences Faculty, using new variables obtained from principal component analysis. The results obtained from principal component analysis show that the contribution of the learning quality indicators is univen. The potrait of the quality of learning at the Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences obtained from the individual-moving range (I-MR) and the control chart shows the need for corrective actions and monitor regularly to improve the quality of learning.
Disaster management strategies and relation of good governance for the coastal Bangladesh
Authors:   Department of Enviornmental Sciences, Jahangirnagar University, Dhaka, Bangladesh, Barua Prabal , Mitra Abhijit ,   Department of Marine Sciences, University of Calcutta, West Bengal, India, Eslamian Saeid ,   Center of Excellence in Risk Management and Natural Hazards, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran
Published: September 2021

Although Bangladesh’s immense steps in preparing the disaster management policies following the values of good governance issue, the quantity to which these policies have productively been executing at the local level remnants mostly unknown. The objectives of this investigation were dual: firstly, to inspect the roles and efficiency of the local-level governance and disaster management organization, and lastly, to recognize the obstacles to the execution of national the policies and Disaster-Risk-Reduction guidelines at the local community level. The authors applied qualitative research and case Study approach, using techniques from the Participatory Rural Appraisal toolbox to collect data from local community members as well as government and NGO officials. From the finding of the study, it was revealed that interactive disaster governance, decentralization of disaster management, and compliance by local-level institutions with good governance principles and national policy guidelines can be extremely effective in reducing disaster-loss and damages. According to coastal community members, the local governments have generally failed to uphold good governance principles, and triangulated data confirm that the region at large suffers from rampant corruption, political favoritism, lack of transparency and accountability and minimal inclusion of local inhabitants in decision-making – all of which have severely impeded the successful implementation of national disaster-management policies. This study contributes to these research gaps, with identification of further research agenda in these areas. The paper deals with International Sendai Framework that called for enhancement of local level community resilience to disasters. Thus, it contributes to numerous policy and practice areas relating to good disaster governance. The study identified the specific manifestations of these failures in coastal communities in Bangladesh. These results underscore the vital need to address the wide gap between national DRR goals and the on-the-ground realities of policy implementation to successfully enhance the country’s resilience to climate change-induced disasters.
Abdominal Aortic Aneurysmatic Sac Shrinking is the New Paradigm after Endovascular Treatment
Authors: Espinosa Gaudencio , Saad Pedro , di Luccio Giovanni , Duarte Vaz Pedro , Baptista Luiz , Magliano Carlos
Published: September 2021

Objectives: Aneurysmal Sac (SAC) absorption after endovascular treatment (EVAR) of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms (AAA) is related to a better prognosis but its long-term mandatory and predictive factors remain unclear. Our study aims to assess the impact of its total resorption on patient survival, as well as the factors that favor resorption. Methods: We followed a187 patients who underwent EVAR with a fully thrombosed SAC for 22 years in the postoperative control of Angio-CT. We established the significance of the factors for SAC resorption by logistic regression models, evaluating comorbidities, diameter, sex and age of the patient. We also compared the impact of absorption sac absorption with survival. Results: Diameter and age were significant for the resorption of the SAC together or even independently (p-value <0.001), the diameter (OR-0.29) showed a greater influence than age (OR= -0.063). The comorbidities studied and the sex of the patients was not statistically significant. Patients who had significant absorption (≥ 10 mm) had a survival rate of 12.72 ± 0.96 years, those with moderate absorption (5 mm to 9 mm) had of 8.34 ± 1.62 years and those without significant resorption or growth had 3.27 ± 0.48 years (p-value <0.001). Among patients with absorption of ≥ 5 mm in the first year, we found greater chances of total absorption (OR=4.72 p-value <0.001). Conclusion: Total sac resorption proved to be an important prognostic factor for patient survival after EVAR. The age of the patient and mainly the initial diameter of the sac were the factors significantly associated with the resorption of the sac.
Strategic Evaluation Plan and Improvement of Cement Plants (Iraqi Kurdistan Region - as a Case Study)
Authors: QaraMohammed Hewa N. , Al-Zwainy Faiq M. S.
Published: September 2021

The cement plants in the Kurdistan Regional Government of Iraq (KRG) have made a considerable contribution to the economy of the region and almost dominated the cement market in the entire region and middle and south of Iraq. The cement plants as a part of KRG’s industrial sector needs to consider strategic planning, through this research the condition and quality of the cement plants in KRG have been evaluated, using Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats analysis (SWOT Analysis) technique as a strategic planning tool to demonstrate weakness points and strong points in the cement production process and to review opportunities to turn weaknesses into strengths while identifying the challenges facing this process and suggesting strategies to develop the cement plants. The main aim of the current study is to strategically evaluate, plan, and improve cement plants in KRG through the application (SWOT Analysis Technique). To achieve the study objectives, the methodology consists of a literature survey and field survey; including Interviews, field visits, data collection, presentation, analysis, and discussion of the results. In this study the reality of cement production in Iraq and Kurdistan region of Iraq has been demonstrated, the research sample was Gasin Cement Company (GCC) located in Sulaimaniya Governorate, SWOT analysis has been conducted to study the reality in the plant, some strong points, weakness points, opportunities, and threats have been founded. As a strong point; the quality of cement in GCC is high then as a weakness point Absence supervision on contractor’s work, after that as an opportunity Iraqi government has prevented the import of cement since 2016, finally as a threat the fluctuation of oil price does have dangerous effects on the cement market.
A System Dynamics Analysis of Value Creation in Project Context
Authors: Farzad Pargar  , Jaakko Kujala
Published: September 2021

The focus of this paper is on analyzing the value creation dynamics in the project implementation phase. By value creation, we mean the activities, processes, and strategies that the project team uses to increase benefits and/or reduce costs in the project. By synthesizing the literature on project management and system dynamics, we developed a simulation model with various structures underlying project dynamics. We considered four structures that influence project realized value: project team features, project characteristics, project controls and value creation processes, and project remedial actions due to ripple effects. The resulting model can systematically examine the interplay of value creation processes: work progression, rework, redesign and innovation, and rescheduling. We used the model to explain how the project team’s capability, motivation, and speed of making the best- for- project decisions ensure that the value creation goals are met. We simulate various scenarios that show the significance of the processes and their influencing structures on the realized value. The results present how endogenous and exogenous drivers of system behavior unfold over time and provide a richer understanding of the effect of various model structures such as project complexity and uncertainty on value creation.
Theoretical and Empirical Analysis of Growth, Poverty and Inequality in Emerging and Transition Economies
Authors: ALTUNÖZ Utku
Published: September 2021

Bu çalışmada büyüme, eşitsizlik ve yoksulluk arasındaki ilişki güncel ekonomi politika tartışmaları paralelinde gözden geçirilmektedir. Bu tartışmalar, pazar güdümlü büyümenin yoksulluğu ortadan kaldırmak ve eşitsizliği azaltmak için yeterli olup olmadığına veya belirli politikaların gerekli olup olmadığına, yani öngörülemeyen büyümenin yetersiz olabileceğine odaklanmaktadır. Çalışma ayrıca, gelir eşitsizliğinin rolüne vurgu yaparak, gelişmekte olan ve geçiş ülkelerinde ekonomik büyümenin yoksulluk azalmasına dönüşmesine ilişkin tartışmalara değinmektedir. Elde edilen sonuçlar, son 10 yılda meydana gelen ekonomik büyümenin, 2000-2016 yılları arasında, insani gelişme değişkeninde, özellikle beklenen yaşam süresinde bir artışla hesaplanan yoksullukta bir azalmaya katkıda bulunmadığına işaret etmektedir. Hatta siyasi çoğulculuk ve demokrasi için vekalet ve hesap verebilirlik gibi değişkenler daha da kötüleşmiştir. Bununla birlikte, U şeklindeki Kuznets eğrisi gözlemlenememiştir. Çünkü eşitsizlikte azalma, uzun bir büyüme döneminden sonra gerçekleşmektedir. Sonuçlar, yetişkin okuryazarlığı ve kamu harcamaları daha düşük olan ülkelerin daha yüksek gelir eşitsizliği olduğu fikrini desteklemektedir
Türkiye’ye Gelen Suriyeli Mültecilerin Enflasyona Etkisi: ARDL Sınır Testi Yaklaşımı
Authors: AKSOY Nagihan , İVRENDİ Mehmet
Published: September 2021

2011 yılının Nisan ayında Suriye’den Türkiye’ye başlayan göç akını kısa sürede Türkiye’yi dünyanın en fazla mülteci barındıran ülkesi haline getirmiştir. Son dönemlerde sayıları 3.5 milyonu aşan Suriyeli mültecilerin Türkiye üzerinde toplumsal, siyasal ve ekonomik açıdan birçok etkisi olmaktadır. Özellikle son dönemlerde Türkiye’de artan enflasyon oranları, Suriyeli mültecilerin ekonomi üzerindeki olumsuz etkilerinden bir tanesi enflasyonda ki yükseliş mi sorusunu akıllara getirmektedir. Bu doğrultuda yapılan çalışmanın, uluslararası göçün Türkiye ‘de enflasyon üzerine etkisine dair yapılmış benzer nitelikte ampirik uygulamanın olmaması nedeniyle, literatüre katkı sağlaması beklenmektedir. Çalışmada, 2012:01- 2019:06 dönemi için aylık verilerle, ARDL sınır testi kullanılarak, Türkiye’de, Suriyeli mülteci nüfusunun enflasyon üzerindeki etkisi irdelenmiştir. Çalışmada bağımlı değişken olarak enflasyon oranı, açıklayıcı değişken olarak da Türkiye’de yaşayan Suriyeli nüfusu kullanılmış olup ayrıca işsizlik oranı, kredi faizi, dünya petrol fiyatı kontrol değişken olarak modele dâhil edilmiştir. Yapılan analiz sonucunda, Suriye nüfusunun Türkiye’ de belirgin şekilde enflasyonu artırıcı etkisi olduğu saptanmıştır.
Avrupa Birliği’nde Katma Değer Vergisi Uyumlaştırması
Authors: YEGEN Baki
Published: September 2021

Ekonomik bütünleşme amacıyla kurulan Avrupa Birliği’nde vergisel anlamda ihtiyaç duyulan işbirliği, bütünleşme sürecinin önemli bir kısmını oluşturmaktadır. Bu nedenle üye ülkelerin vergi sistemlerinin yakınlaştırılmalarına dolayısıyla da uyumlaştırma çalışmalarına ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır. Uyumlaştırma çalışmaları dâhilinde çoğunlukla Avrupa Birliği Konseyi tarafından yayınlanan direktifler kullanılmaktadır. Vergisel anlamda bütünleşmenin sağlanmasına yönelik yapılan uyumlaştırma çalışmalarında diğer vergi türlerine kıyasla Katma Değer Vergisi’nin ön planda tutulduğu yayınlanan direktiflerden anlaşılmaktadır. Katma Değer Vergisi ile ilgili uyumlaştırma çalışmaları kapsamında geçmişten günümüze çok sayıda direktif yayınlanmış olup, çalışmada söz konusu direktifler içerisinden ortak katma değer vergisi sistemi üzerinde belirleyici olan direktifler incelenmiştir. Çalışmada incelenen direktiflerde belirlenen kurallar göz önünde bulundurularak üye ülkelerde katma değer vergisi kapsamında uygulanmakta olan indirilmiş oranlar, süper indirilmiş oranlar, standart oranlar ve yaklaştırma oranları karşılaştırılmıştır. Karşılaştırma sonucunda Avrupa Birliği’nde katma değer vergisinin uyumlaştırılmasında önemli aşama kaydedilmiş olmasına karşın oran konusunda hâlen önemli farklılıkların mevcut olduğu anlaşılmıştır.
Türkiye’nin Dış Ticaretinde J Eğrisi Hipotezinin Analizi
Authors: GÜNEŞ Hakan
Published: September 2021

J eğrisi hipotezi, döviz kuru müdahalesiyle birlikte dış ticaret dengesinin kısa dönemde kötüleşeceğini, uzun dönemde ise iyileşeceğini ifade etmektedir. Hipoteze göre, kısa dönemde döviz kurundaki fiyat değişmelerine tepki hemen gerçekleşmeyeceğinden dış ticaret bilançosu bozulacaktır. Ancak uzun dönemde fiyat uyarlamalarından dolayı dış ticaret dengesi iyileşecektir. Uzun dönemde dış ticaret dengesinin iyileşmesinin nedeni, Marshall-Lerner koşuluna dayanmaktadır. İhracat ve ithalat fiyat esnekliğinin toplamının 1’den büyük olmasını ifade eden Marshall-Lerner koşulu, J eğrisinin temelini oluşturmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, Türkiye’de J eğrisi hipotezinin geçerli olup olmadığı incelenmiştir. Ocak 2010-Eylül 2019 dönemi için aylık zaman serisini içeren verilerle, kısa ve uzun dönem nedensellik, eşbütünleşme ve ilişkinin sapmasız katsayılarını gösteren FMOLS testleri yapılmıştır. Yapılan analiz sonucunda, kısa dönemde reel efektif döviz kuru ihracatın bir nedeni değildir. Bu yüzden Türkiye’de J eğrisi hipotezinin geçerli olmadığı kanıtına ulaşılmıştır. Ancak kısa dönemde reel efektif döviz kuru ithalatın bir nedenidir. Uzun dönemde ise reel döviz kuru ile ihracat ve ithalat arasında nedensel bir ilişki mevcuttur. Değişkenler 1.farkta durağan olduğu için Johansen eşbütünleşme testi yapılmış ve reel efektif döviz kuruyla ihracat ve ithalat arasında uzun dönemli bir ilişki tespit edilmiştir. Yapılan FMOLS tahmincisine göre, reel efektif döviz kurundaki 1 birimlik artışın ihracatı 0,33 birim ve ithalatı da 0,439 birim arttırmaktadır. Bu durum uzun dönemde Türkiye’de dış ticaret açıklarının devam edeceğine işaret etmektedir.
Eksik Bir Retorik: Kriz Zamanlarında Sosyal Haklar
Authors: ÇANKAYA Hürol
Published: September 2021

Eşitsizliğin izlerini daha belirgin hale getiren ekonomik krizler, insan hakları ihlallerini derinleştirmektedir. Ekonomi politikalarının insan hakları temelli oluşturulmaması, özellikle sosyal hakların hayata geçirilmesini zorlaştırmaktadır. Etkisiz kalan sosyal haklar, anayasalarda ve uluslararası sözleşmelerde sadece kılavuz olarak görülmektedir. Devletlerin mali kaynaklarının yeterliliği ölçütü de devreye girince sosyal hakların korunmasında yargının rolü sınırlı kalmaktadır. Kriz zamanlarında ise bir ülkedeki insan hakları ve sosyal adalet manzarası daha net ortaya çıkmaktadır. Ekonomik kriz, devletler tarafından sorumluluklarının bir kısmından kurtulmanın imkânı olarak görülmekte ve normalde dar biçimde yorumlanan hakların içerikleri daha da daraltılmaktadır. Ayrıca sosyal haklar ekonomik gerekçelerle istisna hali kıskacına alındığında, insan haklarının ihlal zemini daha da genişlemektedir.

Ekonomik krizlerden ağırlıklı olarak sosyal hakların etkilendiği yönündeki görüş yaygın bir bakış açısını yansıtmaktadır. Kişisel ve siyasi haklar ise krizlerin bilançosuna yansıtılmamaktadır. Elbette klasik hakların kriz zamanlarındaki hukuki hasarını tespit etmek kolay değildir. Ancak krizlerin klasik hakların üzerindeki etkilerini görmemek de hatalı yaklaşım olacaktır. İnsan haklarının bütünlüğü ilkesi çerçevesinde, kriz zamanlarında insan hakları manzarasına geniş bir perspektiften bakılması gerekmektedir. Krizlerin insan hakları boyutu bilinmesine rağmen ulusal ya da uluslararası hiçbir teşhiste ya da tedavide sosyal haklar kendilerine yer bulamamaktadırlar. Görünmezliğe bürünen sosyal haklar, kriz dönemlerinde alınan ve insan haklarının aleyhine olan önlemlerin büyük kısmını içlerinde barındırmaktadırlar. Kriz, özellikle istisna hali ile birleştiğinde ise arka plana atılan haklar hususunda hukuk daha agresif bir role bürünmektedir. Tüm ekonomik krizlerin aslında hakların krizi olduğu hususu bir kez daha ortaya çıkmaktadır.
Entrevista al crítico de cine, profesor e investigador universitario
Authors: Blanco Desiderio , Eslava-Calvo Jorge
Published: September 2021

No presenta resumen
Lima y su modernidad olvidada
Authors: Protzel-de-Amat Javier
Published: September 2021

Las formas de la memoria colectiva son de variable consistencia y nitidez. Para mucho(a)s esta dura actualmente apenas un poco más de lo que permanecen los acontecimientos en las páginas de los diarios o en las pantallas de teléfonos y televisores. Aunque se trata de un fenómeno mundial, quiero referirme particularmente aquí a Lima, más que al Perú. La inmensidad de la ciudad, su anomia, su heterogeneidad e intensa movilidad han recortado la vieja conciencia de pertenencia a barrios o distritos longevos, cimentada por la tradición local. Y a escala de su conjunto, la metrópolis dista en mucho de contar con una memoria histórica mínimamente unitaria que permita a sus ciudadanos reconocer su identidad en ella, salvo por acontecimientos extraordinarios.
¿Cine posmoderno? La problemática de los géneros en tres películas de Bong Joon-ho
Authors: Gutiérrez Sha Sha
Published: September 2021

El surcoreano Bong Joon-ho es mundialmente reconocido por su galardonada Parásitos, película que aborda la diferencia y el conflicto de clase. Esta mirada crítica a la sociedad también se encuentra presente en otras tres películas de su filmografía, las cuales se analizarán en el presente artículo: Crónica de un asesino en serie (2003), El huésped (2006) y Okja (2017).
Videografía de BTS: contenido integrado, universos narrativos y agnosticismo de género
Authors: Bertocchi Antonella , Bertocchi Brunella
Published: September 2021

Con una propuesta en la que intervienen manifestaciones culturales de distintos ámbitos, un tratamiento audiovisual arriesgado y la construcción de su propio universo, BTS ha logrado establecerse no solo como uno de los más grandes referentes del k-pop, sino también como una de las expresiones artísticas más interesantes que hayamos visto crecer en los últimos años. Todo ello le otorga identidad a la banda y justifica de alguna manera su éxito comercial y su impacto en la sociedad.
Diagnosis of Ia–Ic stages of serous high-grade ovarian cancerby the lipid profile of blood serum
Authors: Iurova Mariia V. , Frankevich Vladimir E. , Pavlovich Stanislav V. , Chagovets Vitali V. , Starodubtseva Nataliya L. , Khabas Grigory N. , Ashrafyan Lev A. , Sukhikh Gennady T.
Published: September 2021

Background. Ovarian cancer is the first fatal malignancy of the female reproductive system. Early detection is associated with better outcomes, but is significantly difficult because of asymptomatic or low-symptomatic course.
Aim. To study the possibility of detecting of OC in early stages (IaIc) by the lipid profile of blood serum obtained using high-performance liquid chromatography with mass spectrometric (MS) detection.
Materials and methods. An observational "case-control" study was conducted in period November 2019 July 2020 in the Kulakov National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology. 41 patients were included: group 1 (main) 28 patients with histologically verified high grade serous ovarian cancer of IIV FIGO stage, group 2 (control) 13 conditionally healthy women. Venous blood samples were collected immediately before the operation. Extracts of serum lipids were obtained in accordance with the modified Folch method. The composition of the samples was analyzed by electrospray ionization MS. Using the method of discriminant analysis and orthogonal projections to latent structures (OPLS-DA) were building OPLS-models based on profile of significant lipids. The comparison based on the non-parametric MannWhitney test.
Results. The presence of 128 lipids in blood serum samples makes a major contribution to the OPLS-models, that are different for patients with IIV OC stage and controls. The OPLS-model parameters are: R2=0.87 and Q2=0.80, the area under the ROC curve reached 1, sensitivity and specificity of the model 100%. The second OPLS-model was developed to assign patients to 13 blood serum samples of the control group or to 5 blood samples of patients with I-II stages of OC: 108 lipids made the main contribution to this model (R2=0.97, Q2=0.86). The third OPLS-model was constructed to distinguish patients with earlier (IaIa stages; n=5) and advanced (IIaIVa; n=23) stages: R2=0.96 and Q2=1.00, AUC=0.99. Diglycerides, triglycerides, phosphatidylcholines, ethanolamines, sphingomyelins, ceramides, phosphatidylserines, phosphoinositols and prostaglandins significantly differ in the blood serum samples of patients with IaIc stages of OC and patients with IIIV stages and controls, that indicates the diagnostic value.
Conclusion. It is possible to distinguish a healthy person from patient with IaIc or IIIV stages of OC. Serum oncolipids profile obtained by high-performance liquid chromatography with MS detection can be used as markers of early stages of OC, that are associated with better prognosis.
State of the problem of early diagnosis and treatment of benign ovarian tumors in postmenopausal patients (literature review)
Authors: Podzolkova Nataliia M. , Kuznetsov Roman E. , Glazkova Olga L. , Sozaeva Larisa G. , Tumgoeva Luiza B.
Published: September 2021

As life expectancy increases, older people require strict individualization of management and treatment, taking into account all age and pathophysiological characteristics of a particular patient, a more attentive approach to the features of clinical manifestations of diseases, the presence of comorbid pathology. Timely diagnosis and comprehensive treatment of postmenopausal patients with benign ovarian tumors is a debatable issue, since none of the existing diagnostic methods of research in practice provides sensitivity and specificity equal to or at least approaching 100% of the indicator. The progressive aging of the population raises the question of whether it is necessary to operate on menopausal patients with benign ovarian tumors of small size (up to 5 cm), given the low percentage of malignancy of these formations and the high risk of deterioration in the patients quality of life after surgical interventions.
ENSINO DA FÍSICA EM MOÇAMBIQUE: DESAFIOS DAS TICS E PRÁTICAS DE ENSINO CENTRADO NO ALUNO
Authors: Gonçalves Fortes António , Aurélio Fernando Beirão Hermen , Amane Santos
Published: September 2021

O currículo de Física em Moçambique encontra-se dividido em unidades didáticas que preconizam atividades letivas na sala de aula, em laboratórios e atividades complementares em diversos ambientes, com vista a motivar os alunos e tornar a aprendizagem mais prática. Assim sendo, o artigo objetiva apresentar os desafios do uso das tecnologias de informação e comunicação (TICs) e do ensino de Física centrado no aluno em Moçambique. Trata-se de uma pesquisa descritiva, do tipo estudo de caso, embasada pelo método bibliográfico e questionário, com formulário online, aplicado a 54 professores de Física, de diferentes níveis de ensino. Constatou-se que diversas instituições de ensino em Moçambique não têm laboratórios de ensino; durante a formação dos professores não se fornecem subsídios necessários para o uso das TICs; e a aprendizagem voltada ao aluno tem vantagens cognitivas, afetivas e psicomotoras. Conclui-se que com o uso das TICs e práticas de ensino de Física centrado no aluno, pode-se desenvolver laboratórios virtuais para fazer face a demanda de aulas experimentais e torna a aprendizagem mais fácil, dinâmica e contextualizada. Porém, a fraca expansão das TICs nas zonas rurais é um dos fatores que limita o seu uso no ensino em Moçambique.
INTERESSE, EXPERIÊNCIA, AUTOEFICÁCIA, AUTORREGULAÇÃO E CARGA COGNITIVA: IMPLICAÇÕES PARA A APRENDIZAGEM SIGNIFICATIVA DA FÍSICA
Authors: Antonio Moreira Marco
Published: September 2021

Este texto é a versão artigo de uma apresentação feita, em diapositivos, em dois congressos de Ensino de Física. Sua proposta é a de chamar atenção de professores (as) sobre a relevância de determinadas variáveis afetivas e cognitivas no processo ensino-aprendizagem da Física, na Educação Básica e Superior, independente de estratégias instrucionais. São destacadas variáveis como interesse, autoeficácia e carga cognitiva, entre outras.
The i̇nfluence of water on the change i̇n engi̇ne oi̇l quali̇ty i̇ndi̇cators
Authors: Korneev S. V. , Pashukevich S. V.
Published: September 2021

Introduction. One of the main types of deposits in an internal combustion engine is an emulsion or sludge formed by water, decomposition of fuel residues and solid residues. The sludge usually settles on the colder surfaces of the engine, such as the bottom of the crankcase pan, valve chambers and upper boards. The main problem is that this type of deposits can be collected by the engine oil and transferred to areas such as the oil pump, intake valve or oil channels, where the sludge can interfere with the flow of oil and cause a failure of the lubrication mode. In addition to the disruption in the operation of the above-mentioned systems, the engine oil quality indicators are also undergoing changes for the worse.Materials and methods. To monitor the condition of the engine oil, it is necessary to determine the characteristics of its performance, such as: kinematic viscosity at 40 oC and at 100 oC, acid number, base number and determine the number of elements – indicators of additives and wear products contained in the engine oil. The viscosity was determined using a Stabinger SVM 3000 viscometer. It measures the dynamic viscosity and density of oils and fuels in accordance with ASTM D7042 and automatically calculates the kinematic viscosity, viscosity index and outputs the measurement results. The acid and base numbers were determined using an automatic titrator TitroLine alpha plus, and the presence of indicator elements in engine oil using an inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometer of the iCAP 7000 series, designed for analysis and determination of the number of indicator elements in liquid and solid samples.Results. The dynamics of changes in the performance characteristics of the Gazpromneft Diesel Ultra 10W-40 engine oil with an extended replacement interval, which is applicable for equipment operating in severe conditions, depending on the water content in the samples of this lubricant, was analyzed.Conclusion. The consequences that may occur due to water entering the engine oil are indicated.
Аggregated methodology for determining human resources needs of the road transport sector in the region with specialized education
Authors: Yakunin N. N. , Frolov O. U. , Yakunina N. V. , Kotov V. V.
Published: September 2021

Introduction. The existing methodology of personnel training determines the requirements for the competencies of future specialists, but the methods for determining the number of trained specialists are based either on the readiness of educational institutions for the quality management of the educational process, or are limited to the level of a motor transport enterprise, and do not take into account the regional needs of the labor market. The system of personnel training for the regional road transport complex is unbalanced in relation to the needs of this complex. This is due to the urgency of developing an enlarged methodology for determining the needs of the region’s motor transport complex (ATCR) in specialists with specialized education.Materials and methods. The paper uses the method of questioning economic entities engaged in road transport activities not only as the main focus, but also as an auxiliary one. The survey is aimed at determining the share of employees of motor transport enterprises and departments of various industries, taking into account the level of specialized education. The provisions of the theory of technical operation of cars and methods of mathematical statistics are used in the work.Results. The main result of the work is an enlarged methodology for determining the needs of the motor transport complex for specialists with specialized education, which differs from the known ones in that it takes into account the quantitative characteristics of personnel, taking into account the level of education in the economic entities of the region of various organizational and legal forms. These results represent the scientific novelty of the study. The structural characteristics of the personnel are determined, the corresponding algorithm is developed. The comparative values of labor productivity of specialists with specialized motor transport education are given.Discussion and conclusions. The methodological tools for determining the needs of the regional motor transport complex in specialists with specialized education have been developed, which allows overcoming the existing imbalance between the system of personnel training for the regional motor transport complex and the needs of this complex. The application of the results of the work will increase the validity of the state task for the training of specialists in the motor transport profile in the regions, increase the efficiency of using budget funds and public funds for educational activities.