bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
On Sene Sonra Macar ve Leh Mültecileri (1848-1851): İhtida ve İltica’nın İki Nesli?
Authors: KİRİŞÇİOĞLU İlkay
Published: October 2022

Avrupa’yı kasıp kavuran 1848 Devrimleri arasında en uzun ömürlü olan Macar özgürlük talebi, Çarlık Rusyası ve Habsburg müşterek orduları tarafından 1849 senesinin Ağustos ayında şiddetle bastırıldı. Bunun neticesinde binlerce Macar, Leh ve İtalyan mülteci kendilerine sığınma hakkı tanıyan Osmanlı’ya sökün ettiler. Sürgün dönemi devrimciler arasındaki fikir ayrılıklarını derinleştiren bir katalizör oldu. Zira Leh General Józef Bem takipçileriyle birlikte ihtida ettiğini ilan edince Kossuth tarafından şiddetle eleştirilmişti. İlgili literatüre bakıldığı zaman, sayıca daha az olsalar da akademik ilginin çoğunlukla Kossuth grubu üzerinde toplandığı görülür. 1851’e kadar peyderpey serbest bırakılan bu üst kadronun Türkiye’yi terk etmesi, literatürdeki hakim kanıya göre, Osmanlı tarihinde bir dönemin sonunu işaret ediyordu. Bu düşünceye karşılık, T.C. Cumhurbaşkanlığı Devlet Arşivleri Başkanlığı (BOA) sayesinde elde edilen kimi bulgulara göre 1851’de kapandığı varsayılan mülteci meselesi yaklaşık on sene sonra başka görünümlerde varlığını devam ettirmişti. Bu çalışmanın amacı, var olan yerleşik kanının aksine, 1849 Macar ve Leh mülteciler meselesinin 1848’de başlayıp 1851’de kapanmış bir tarihsel sayfa olmayıp Osmanlı bürokrasisini bir süre daha meşgul eden uzun vadeli yansımaları olduğunu ortaya koymaktır. Bunun için odaklanması gereken daha ziyade ana akımın dışında kalan mülteciler ve mühtedilerdir.
Bıçağın Ucu: Devrim, Darbe ve Toplumsal Cinsiyet Sorunsalı Üzerine Bir İrdeleme
Authors: DURĞUN Serpil , DUMAN Sabit
Published: October 2022

Cumhuriyet Dönemi Türk Edebiyatının en önemli isimlerinden biri olan Attila İlhan’ın 1973 yılında yayımlanan Bıçağın Ucu adlı romanı, 1909-1960 yılları Türkiye’sinin anlatıldığı yedi kitaplık Aynanın İçindekiler serisinin ilk romanıdır. İlhan, Bıçağın Ucu adlı romanında, 1960 yılının Ocak -Mayıs aylarını kapsayan bir dönemde Türkiye’nin içinde bulunduğu siyasi ve sosyal durumları Türkiye’deki aydın kesimin bakış açısından serimlemiştir. Söz konusu romanda 27 Mayıs 1960 askeri darbe dönemindeki zamanın ruhu, romanın başkarakterleri olan Suat ve Halim üzerinden açımlanmıştır. Genel anlamda araştırmacılar Bıçağın Ucu adlı romanı 27 Mayısı konu edinen bir roman bağlamında ele almışlardır. Ancak, romanın 27 Mayıs yanlısı mı yoksa karşıtı mı olduğu konusunda net bir değerlendirme yapmamışlardır. Ayrıca, İlhan’ın romanları üzerine yapılan çalışmalarda onun devrim, darbe ve toplumsal cinsiyet konularına yönelik görüşleri araştırmacılar tarafından bir değerlendirmeye tabi tutulmadan çoğu kez olduğu gibi aktarılmış ya da bu konulara kısaca değinilmiştir. Bu kapsamda makale, Attila İlhan’ın Bıçağın Ucu adlı romanında geçen “devrim”, “darbe” ve “toplumsal cinsiyet” konularının kendi döneminin koşulları göz önünde bulundurularak eleştirel bir şekilde çözümlenmesi amacıyla kaleme alınmıştır.
Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Melalui Pelatihan Pembuatan Pupuk Kandang dari Limbah Peternakan di Kelurahan Anggoeya Kecamatan Poasia Kota Kendari
Authors: Asminaya Nur Santy , Fitrianingsih Fitrianingsih , Prasanjaya Putu Nara Kusuma , Libriani Restu , Nurhayu Nurhayu
Published: October 2022

Kecamatan Poasia merupakan salah satu Kecamatan di Kota Kendari dengan potensi dan karakteristik wilayah sebagai cluster pertanian (tanaman pangan, holtikultura dan perkebunan). Kelurahan Anggoeya sebagai salah satu kelurahan yang terdapat di Kecamatan Poasia dengan luas wilayah 26,59%, sebagian besar penduduknya bermata pencaharian sebagai petani dengan pola integrasi antara tanaman pangan dengan ternak. Rata-rata petani tidak semata-mata menanam tanaman pangan, namun juga memiliki ternak, baik sapi, kambing , maupun unggas. Limbah kotoran ternak yang dihasilkan dari kegiatan peternakan belum termanfaatkan dengan baik sehingga memperburuk sanitasi kebun. Pemberdayaan masyarakat melalui kegiatan Bina Desa tahun 2021 dilakukan guna memberikan pemahaman dan meningkatkan keterampilan masyarakat petani untuk mengolah kotoran ternak menjadi pupuk kandang. Kegiatan ini dilakukan melalui sosialisasi dan penyuluhan, serta pelatihan dan pendampingan. Hasil dari kegiatan ini, masyarakat tani yang ada di Kelurahan Anggoeya telah terampil dalam mengolah kotoran ternak menjadi pupuk kandang. Harapannya pupuk kandang yang dihasilkan dapat digunakan untuk menyuburkan lahan perkebunan, selain itu pendampingan perlu terus dilakukan agar pupuk yang dihasilkan nantinya dapat dikomersialisasikan.
Budidaya Padi Beras Merah Skala Rumah Tangga Berbasis Usaha Pekarangan
Authors: Sadimantara Gusti R. , Muhidin Muhidin , Yusuf Dewi Nurhayati , Erawan Dedi , Sutariati Gusti Ayu Kade , Rakian Tresjia Corina , Nuraida Waode
Published: October 2022

Brown rice (Oryza sativa) is a highly nutritious staple food that contains anthocyanins in addition to carbohydrates, fat, protein, fiber, and minerals. Anthocyanins serve as antioxidants, playing a crucial role in plant and human health. Efforts to improve rice production, particularly upland rice production, are always coupled with efforts to increase production of brown rice. The majority of brown rice is produced from upland rice. There has been no effort to manufacture brown rice before today. Therefore, efforts to expand upland rice production with native cultivars are inextricably linked to efforts to boost upland rice output of red rice. Upland rice is brown rice consumed without going through a grinding process or the process of removing the bran and bran from the endosperm of the rice. Rice is only ground into broken rice so that the husk is still attached to the endosperm and has high nutritional value. Strong body immunity and excellent health levels are needed. One of them is by consuming healthy food that is available locally and has become a daily food menu, it only needs to increase production and processing efforts so that it is always healthy. Upland brown rice can be planted as an intercrop to maximize land use for plantation crops, so it has the potential to be developed in Southeast Sulawesi because there is still a lot of unused land or land that has not been used optimally. Therefore, in the context of providing healthy food and functional food based on upland red rice, which farming families can reach, and close to the location of the farmers' livelihoods, it is necessary to increase brown rice production through the introduction of brown rice cultivation technology as a garden plant and also as a family medicinal plant.
The organization of microtubules and Tau in oligodendrocytes: Tau pathology in damaged oligodendrocytes
Authors: Torii Tomohiro , Miyasaka Tomohiro , Misonou Hiroaki
Published: October 2022

Tau is abundantly expressed in neurons, however previous reports and our recent study showed tau also exist in oligodendrocytes. Also the expression levels of tau are dramatical changed in hypomyelination model rat and in demyelination region of stroke model mice. The review demonstrate microtubule and its binding partner Tau might be necessary for oligodendrocyte function based on previous reports.
Carbon fixation of CO2 via cyclic reactions with borane in gaseous atmosphere leading to formic acid (and metaboric acid); A potential energy surface (PES) study
Authors: Mohammadi Marziyeh , Siadati Seyyed Amir , Ahmadi Sheida , Habibzadeh Sepideh , Poor Heravi Mohammad Reza , Hossaini Zinatossadat , Vessally Esmail
Published: October 2022

Carbon dioxide (CO2), a stable gaseous species, occupies the troposphere layer of the atmosphere. Following it, the environment gets warmer, and the ecosystem changes as a consequence of disrupting the natural order of our life. Due to this, in the present reasearch, the possibility of carbon fixation of CO2 by using borane was investigated. To conduct this, each of the probable reaction channels between borane and CO2 was investigated to find the fate of this species. The results indicate that among all the channels, the least energetic path for the reaction is reactant complex (RC) to TS (A-1) to Int (A-1) to TS (A-D) to formic acid (and further meta boric acid production from the transformation of boric acid). It shows that use of gaseous borane might lead to controlling these dangerous greenhouse gases which are threatening the present form of life on Earth, our beautiful, fragile home.
Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of novel orthosteric-allosteric ligands of the cannabinoid receptor type 2 (CB2R)
Authors: Ferrisi Rebecca , Gado Francesca , Polini Beatrice , Ricardi Caterina , Mohamed Kawthar A. , Stevenson Lesley A. , Ortore Gabriella , Rapposelli Simona , Saccomanni Giuseppe , Pertwee Roger G. , Laprairie Robert B. , Manera Clementina , Chiellini Grazia
Published: October 2022

It is well known that G protein–coupled receptors (GPCRs) assume multiple active states. Orthosteric ligands and/or allosteric modulators can preferentially stabilize specific conformations, giving rise to pathway-biased signaling. One of the most promising strategies to expand the repertoire of signaling-selective GPCR activators consists of dualsteric agents, which are hybrid compounds consisting of orthosteric and allosteric pharmacophoric units. This approach proved to be very promising showing several advantages over monovalent targeting strategies, including an increased affinity or selectivity, a bias in signaling pathway activation, reduced off-target activity and therapeutic resistance. Our study focused on the cannabinoid receptor type 2 (CB2R), considered a clinically promising target for the control of brain damage in neurodegenerative disorders. Indeed, CB2R was found highly expressed in microglial cells, astrocytes, and even in some neuron subpopulations. Here, we describe the design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of two new classes of potential dualsteric (bitopic) CB2R ligands. The new compounds were obtained by connecting, through different linkers, the pharmacophoric portion of the CB2R positive allosteric modulator (PAM), EC21a, with that of the CB2R selective orthosteric agonist LV62, both developed in our laboratories. A preliminary screening enabled us to identify compound JR64a as the most promising of the series. Indeed, functional examination highlighted a signaling ‘bias’ in favor of G protein activation over βarrestin2 recruitment, combined with high affinity for CB2R and the ability to efficiently prevent inflammation in human microglial cells (HMC3) exposed to LPS/TNFα stimulation, thus demonstrating great promise for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.
Individual differences in adults' second language fluency development: Motivation and language use
Authors: Kahng Jimin
Published: October 2022

Utterance fluency (UF) in a second language (L2) has been found to be associated with L2 proficiency. Nevertheless, the longitudinal development of UF has been underexamined and its relationship with individual differences such as motivation and L2 use has rarely been investigated simultaneously. The current study investigated L1-Chinese L2-English speakers' changes in UF (speed, pausing, and repair phenomena) before and after 5-month study-abroad and related UF changes to L2 use and motivation. The results showed that participants improved in mean syllable duration and end-clause silent pausing. Individuals' changes in certain UF measures, such as mean syllable duration and mid-clause pause frequency, were positively correlated with daily use of L2. Motivation measures largely did not exhibit significant correlations with UF changes, whereas ideal L2 self and intended effort/commitment demonstrated significant positive relationships with daily L2 use.
The materiality of lines: The kinaesthetics of bodily movement uniting dance and prehistoric cave art
Authors: O'Connor Michael , Cienki Alan
Published: October 2022

We take two seemingly disparate practices as the foci for this work—dance and prehistoric cave art—in order to illuminate commonalities in embodied practices that reveal new theoretical insights. Whereas, dance clearly uses temporal traces of the body to shape space and create meaning, cave drawings have also begun to be explained and interpreted through kinesthetic and embodied metaphorical techniques. A key element that these fields have in common is the role of lines. The study of lines has become its own field of research, largely due to Ingold's foundational work on “linealogy”. Considering the animate nature of lines and the kinesthetic response they have on the body, contemporary artistic practices can find parallels to the nature of ancient rock art if we recognize the similarity these fields share in the formation of and interpretation of meaning through movement and material engagement. Lines are a phenomenon that, when looked at as traces—memories of movement that once took place—become an organizing principle that brings distant fields like rock art and dance together. Thus, this article takes Tilley's suggestion that “a truly phenomenological study of imagery is grounded in the kinaesthetics of bodily movement” and applies it to three different artistic practices. Tilley proposes that an artifact may be ambiguous in its meaning because it relays a variety of information, which is often layered and contradictory. Here we see, in cognitive archeology, the idea that the articulation of ambiguous lines is an attempt to bring like-minded things (in the thoughts of the one drawing or dancing) together. The authors propose that the ambiguity of lines allows for a type of withness between the mind, body, and environment, allowing us to consider the mind as extended. Lastly, the nature of lines as extended mind motivate us to propose the term of “signature” in order to circumvent the dilemma of a static sign in regards to movement.
Convergent cardiorespiratory neurons represent a significant portion of cardiac and respiratory neurons in the vagal ganglia
Authors: Devarajan Asokan , Wang Ke , Shannon Kassandra , Su Yujuan , Verheyden Jamie , Sun Xin , Vaseghi Marmar
Published: October 2022

Significant cardiorespiratory coordination is required to maintain physiological function in health and disease. Sensory neuronal “cross-talk” between the heart and the lungs is required for synchronous regulation of normal cardiopulmonary function and is most likely mediated by the convergence of sensory neural pathways present in the autonomic ganglia. Using neurotracer approaches with appropriate negative control experiments in a mouse model, presence of cardiorespiratory neurons in the vagal (nodose) ganglia are demonstrated. Furthermore, we found that convergent neurons represent nearly 50% of all cardiac neurons and approximately 35% of all respiratory neurons. The current findings demonstrate a pre-existing neuronal substrate linking cardiorespiratory neurotransmission in the vagal ganglia, and a potentially important link for cardiopulmonary cross-sensitization, which may play an important role in the observed manifestations of cardiopulmonary diseases.
Genetically predicted phosphate and cardiovascular disease: A Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Huang Jiniu , Zhang Chenyun , Gong Qinyan , Gao Ying , Xie Xiaojie , Jiang Jun
Published: October 2022

Background

Extensive epidemiological studies have highlighted the correlation between serum phosphate and cardiovascular diseases. The present study aims to determine whether genetically predicted serum phosphate is causally associated with the distinct subtypes of cardiovascular events through the use of Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis.

Methods

Independent and strongly correlated single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) for serum phosphate were extracted from publicly available genome-wide association studies. Summary statistics of cardiovascular diseases were derived from large-scale consortiums, including HERMES and FinnGen biobank. MR-Egger, weighted median, inverse variance weighted, pleiotropy residual sum and outlier (MR-PRESSO) methods and MR using robust adjusted profile score (MR-RAPS) were employed to analyze causality. The sensitivity analyses comprised heterogeneity, horizontal pleiotropy, and leave-one-out approaches; these were used to ensure the stability of the results.

Results

Our study demonstrated that increased genetically predicted serum phosphate is causally associated with a higher risk of valvular heart disease (VHD) [For VHD including rheumatic fever: odds ratio (OR) = 2.45; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.52–3.94; p = 0.0002; for non-rheumatic VHD: OR = 6.58; 95% CI, 2.50–17.32; p = 0.0001]. However, no causal association was detected between serum phosphate and other common cardiovascular diseases (including coronary heart disease, heart failure, atrial fibrillation, and essential hypertension).

Conclusions

The results indicate strong causality between serum phosphate and valvular heart disease. Serum phosphate-lowering therapy within the physiological range may represent a novel therapeutic method for valvular heart disease.
Evaluation of a tactile breath pacer for sleep problems: A mixed method pilot study
Authors: Vermeylen Sascha , Honinx Elisabeth , Broes Stefanie , Vandenhoudt Hilde , De Witte Nele A. J.
Published: October 2022

Sleep problems, like insomnia, are a prevalent condition associated with major health risks. Prevention and treatment of sleep problems are thus essential to preserve physical and mental health. Previous work supports the effectiveness of breathing guidance for sleep problems and recommends breathing exercises as an effective intervention for insomnia. While new technologies can support breathing guidance, such novel devices should be assessed for effectiveness and usability to facilitate implementation and continued use. The current pilot study investigates the acceptability and usability of a mobile tactile breathing device and explores its potential impact on subjective sleep quality. In this mixed-method pilot study, 39 participants tested the breathing device for one month in naturalistic circumstances. We collected their experiences, subjective sleep quality, and feedback regarding the usability of the device and the accompanying app through a survey in a pre-post design. The results show that the breathing device is an acceptable solution for sleep problems and participants particularly appreciate the standalone function and design. Nevertheless, important points of attention, such as the size of the device, were also identified. Explorative analyses suggest that subjective sleep quality improved after using the device and accompanying app. The current study supports the usability and acceptability of a tactile breath pacer and provides preliminary evidence supporting a positive impact of the technology on the sleep quality of participants. Recommendations for developers of breathing technologies and eHealth are devised based on the findings.
Geological and archaeological heritage in the Mediterranean coasts: Proposal and quantitative assessment of new geosites in SW Sardinia (Italy)
Authors: Fancello D. , Columbu S. , Cruciani G. , Dulcetta L. , Franceschelli M.
Published: October 2022

The south-western Sardinian coast (Italy), in the sector between the small village of Chia (Domus de Maria) and the Piscinnì locality (Teulada), is one of the most interesting of the island, being characterized by a wide geodiversity, a complex history testified by several archaeological sites, rich ecosystems, and beautiful landscapes. This area is already famous as a seaside resort, but its rich geological heritage is totally unrecognized and the educational and touristic potential of its archaeological sites is widely undervalued. In this paper, we propose an itinerary in seven stages, each of which selected considering mainly its geology (geodiversity, scientific relevance of the geological features, and educational potential), and also the additional values as the presence of archaeological sites and/or of ecological diversity and/or touristic attractions. The aim of this work is to propose the study area as a geotrail since it represents a valuable geological (and not only) heritage to be protected, preserved, and valorized in the broadest meaning of the word. The following sites have been selected: Chia tower hill, showing interesting geological features and the Punic-Roman archaeological site of Bithia; Campana and Su Giudeu beaches with their dune system and the adjacent wetlands; Settiballas, near to the Chia-Laguna resort displaying a significant geological contact; Capo Spartivento rias and cliffs; Tuerredda beach and sand dunes; Capo Malfatano, a panoramic promontory made up of 460 million years old metamorphic rocks; and Piscinnì area, where a beautiful beach and a wide Punic/Roman sandstone quarry can be observed. In addition, the most panoramic points are overlooked by Spanish towers built during the 16th to 17th century. The study area is described from geological and archaeological points of view, after a detailed field survey, the petrographic characterization of the main rocks, and an overview of the scientific literature. The quantitative assessment of the geosite values has been also performed, revealing the high potential for scientific, educational, and touristic purposes. The main concerns related to the preservation and valorization of this geosite are also addressed. Finally, a discussion on the geosite assessment methods is proposed to contribute to the scientific literature on the geoheritage. The site-by-site description is reported at the end of the paper to be used as a field guide.
Exploring the circum-global teleconnection—Indian summer monsoon interactions in the interannual and multidecadal timescales
Authors: Dutta Arijeet , Neena J. M.
Published: October 2022

The Northern hemispheric circum global teleconnection (CGT) pattern is thought to be maintained by two main forcings—viz-diabatic heating associated with the Indian summer monsoon (ISM) and barotropic instability generation over the jet exit region over the North Atlantic. The CGT and ISM impacts one another through the circulation responses over West central Asia (WCA). In this study we revisit the CGT-ISM interactions focusing on the WCA region and try to understand whether the downstream impact of CGT on ISM dominates over the ISM feedback on CGT. Analysis indicates that the Atlantic forced CGT responses play a lead role in modulating the ISM in the interannual timescale, by modulating the upper-level anticyclones over WCA and in turn affecting the ISM easterly vertical wind shear. Atlantic multi-decadal oscillation (AMO) is a major driver of ISM variability in the multi-decadal time scale and the AMO is associated with an arching wave-train of teleconnection across Eurasia. Our analysis indicates significant modulation of WCA anomalies by the AMO in the multi-decadal time scale, implying that the Atlantic-CGT-WCA-ISM pathway of teleconnection has a low frequency counterpart. We further demonstrate that the observed out of phase relationship between AMO and ISM in the recent decades, may be attributed to the relatively stronger high latitude warming over the north Atlantic during the recent AMO warm phase. The equivalent barotropic responses to the extra-tropical north Atlantic sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies alter the entire downstream teleconnection pattern producing cyclonic anomalies over WCA and in turn weakening the ISM.
Combining hydro-acoustic sources and bathymetric differences to track the vent evolution of the Mayotte eruption, Mozambique Channel
Authors: Saurel Jean-Marie , Retailleau Lise , Deplus Christine , Loubrieu Benoît , Pierre Delphine , Frangieh Michel , Khelifi Nassim , Bonnet Robin , Ferrazzini Valérie , Bazin Sara , Guyavarch Pierre , Moulin Maryline , REVOSIMA Seismology group  , REVOSIMA Bathymetry group
Published: October 2022

The majority of Earth volcanism takes place in the deep ocean. Deep-sea volcanoes are particularly complicated to study due to their remoteness. Very different methods can be used and their combination can lead to crucial information about submarine volcanoes behavior. In Mayotte, Comoros archipelago, efforts have been made to study and monitor the deep volcanic activity (∼3000 m) currently occurring east of Mayotte through various methods and campaigns on land and at sea. In October 2020, a line of 10 Ocean Bottom Seismometers was deployed during 10 days, leading to a hand-picked catalog of more than a thousand of hydro-acoustic signals, which have been associated with reactions between hot lava and deep cold ocean waters. During the same period, repeated swath bathymetry surveys were performed over an active lava flow field. We compare the time evolution of the hydro-acoustic events locations and bathymetry differences observed between each survey. While bathymetric information gives absolute location of new lava flows, hydro-acoustic events give detailed relative time variations leading to short-term spatial evolution. Bathymetric information thus provides snapshots of the eruptive area evolution at specific times, when hydro-acoustic signals show its continuous evolution. By combining both complementary analyses we are able to clearly define the detailed evolution of the lava flows pattern in the short time period of 10 days. Applied to the data already acquired on Mayotte since 2019, this method could allow us to estimate more precisely the volcano effusion rate and its evolution, giving further insights on the feeding system.
Quantification of urinary total luteinizing hormone immunoreactivity may improve the prediction of ovulation time
Authors: Demir And , Hero Matti , Holopainen Elina , Juul Anders
Published: October 2022

Objectives

Most of the currently available ovulation prediction kits provide a relatively rough estimation of ovulation time with a short fertility window. This is due to their focus on the maximum probability of conception occurring one day before ovulation, with no follow-up after LH surge until ovulation nor during the subsequent days thereafter. Earlier studies have shown that urine of reproductive age women contains at least 3 different molecular forms of luteinizing hormone (LH); 1) intact LH, 2) LH beta-subunit (LHβ) and a 3) small molecular weight fragment of LHβ, LHβ core fragment (LHβcf). The proportion of these LH forms in urine varies remarkably during the menstrual cycle, particularly in relation to the mid-cycle LH surge. In this exploratory study, we studied the potential implications of determining the periovulatory course of total LH immunoreactivity in urine (U-LH-ir) and intact LH immunoreactivity in serum (S-LH-ir) in the evaluation of the fertility window from a broader aspect with emphasis on the post-surge segment.

Methods

We determined total U-LH-ir in addition to intact S-LH-ir, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), progesterone, and estradiol in 32 consecutive samples collected daily from 10 women at reproductive age. Inference to the non-intact U-LH-ir levels was made by calculating the proportion of total U-LH-ir to intact S-LH-ir.

Results

Total U-LH-ir increased along with LH surge and remained at statistically significantly higher levels than those in serum for 5 consecutive days after the surge in S-LH-ir. S-LH-ir returned to follicular phase levels immediately on the following day after the LH surge, whereas the same took 7 days for total U-LH-ir.

Conclusions

The current exploratory study provides preliminary evidence of the fact that U-LH-ir derived from degradation products of LH remains detectable at peak levels from the LH surge until ovulation and further during the early postovulatory period of fecundability. Thus, non-intact (or total) U-LH-ir appears to be a promising marker in the evaluation of the post-surge segment of the fertility window. Future studies are needed to unravel if this method can improve the prediction of ovulation time and higher rates of fecundability in both natural and assisted conception.
A novel reliability prediction with input transients for an LLC converter
Authors: Darla Ramesh B. , Annamalai Chitra
Published: October 2022

Utility applications demand highly reliable power converters to match market quality needs. The classical reliability prediction methods do not account for the sudden transients involved with the power converter. This work envisages a new reliability prediction procedure for LLC converter which accounts for the input transients’ impact on the failure rate. Experiments are conducted to collect the actual stress values at input transient and fault conditions, which aids to predict the failure rate with more accuracy. The reliability prediction has been performed using the collected experimental data from the component level to the system level at different mission profiles with transient operating conditions. The impact of various faults and transients on the converter failure rate prediction has been clearly projected from the quantitative analysis presented in this paper. To have a clear picture, the effect of reliability with respect to other stress factors like temperature stress, environmental stress, electrical voltage, current, and power stress on failure rates are also compiled and tabulated. Failure rate and Mean Time Between Failures (MTBF) have been calculated for an LLC converter using the experimental data. The proposed reliability model can be used in the design phase to have an optimal design, planning, and operation of a power electronic converter in the field. This enables to reach out power converters with better reliability profile to cater the industrial needs for real time applications. From the results, it is evident that the reliability prediction is more realistic when the input transients are considered using the experimental data.
Examining green three-echelon supply chain structures link with product track scheme: Implications for green technologies
Authors: Wang Min
Published: October 2022

The study aims to inquire about the relationship between green three-echelon supply chain systems and product line design with the emergence of green technologies. In this study, a unique social welfare vector is presented for use in gauging the sustainability of product line design, and a sustainable product line design technique is provided for upstream suppliers to adjust the product categories they offer. This social welfare vector is a representation of a supply chain with one supplier, many producers, and one retailer. The provider may determine whether a product line design is a Pareto optimum with the use of the social welfare vector and a multi-criteria model built on the principles of data envelopment analysis (DEA). The study findings came up with an alternate solution approach for upstream suppliers to achieve Pareto optimum product line design in huge data set scenarios. This study also recommends multiple implications for manufacturers and retailers farther down the supply chain, who may use this information to increase the channel’s sustainability through green energy technologies in product line systems.
Relationship between irregular diet and risk of esophageal cancer: A meta-analysis
Authors: Guan Jiayun , Pan Xixin , Ruan Shenghang , He Xiaopeng , Xu Yuhao , Rong Xiaoxiang , Ou Yanhua
Published: October 2022

Background: Associations between irregular diet and the risk of esophageal cancer remain unclear. The current meta-analysis was performed to determine whether the presence of irregular diet increases the risk of esophageal cancer.

Methods: The data from PubMed, Cochrane Libraries, and Embase up to 23 January 2022 were included in our analysis to identify studies that investigated associations between irregular diet and the risk of esophageal cancer. Summary relative risk (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using a random-effects model.

Results: Five cohort studies and one case-control study investigating associations between irregular diet and the risk of esophageal cancer were included. None of the articles demonstrated publication bias. The summary RR was 4.181 (95% CI 2.196–7.960, I2 = 66.1%, p = 0.011). In the subgroup analysis, we found significant heterogeneity in the Non-disease-causing group, nurse group and Asian group. The above three that produce heterogeneity may be the source of heterogeneity in the results of this study.

Conclusion: The current meta-analysis indicates that irregular diet increase the risk of esophageal cancer.

Trial registration: (https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/), (PROSPERO, CRD42022306407)
Analysis of ancient and modern horse genomes reveals the critical impact of lncRNA-mediated epigenetic regulation on horse domestication
Authors: Xu Baoyan , Yang Guixian , Jiao Baowei , Zhu Hao
Published: October 2022

Background: The domestication of horses has played critical roles in human civilizations. The excavation of ancient horse DNA provides crucial data for studying horse domestication. Studies of horse domestication can shed light on the general mechanisms of animal domestication.

Objective: We wish to explore the gene transcription regulation by long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) that influence horse domestication.

Methods: First, we assembled the ancient DNA sequences of multiple horses at different times and the genomes of horses, donkeys, and Przewalski horses. Second, we extracted sequences of lncRNA genes shared in ancient horses and sequences of lncRNA genes and the promoter regions of domestication-critical genes shared in modern horses, modern donkeys, and Przewalski horses to form two sample groups. Third, we used the LongTarget program to predict potential regulatory interactions between these lncRNAs and these domestication-critical genes and analyzed the differences between the regulation in ancient/modern horses and between horses/donkeys/Przewalski horses. Fourth, we performed functional enrichment analyses of genes that exhibit differences in epigenetic regulation.

Results: First, genes associated with neural crest development and domestication syndrome are important targets of lncRNAs. Second, compared with undomesticated Przewalski horses, more lncRNAs participate in the epigenetic regulation in modern horses and donkeys, suggesting that domestication is linked to more epigenetic regulatory changes. Third, lncRNAs’ potential target genes in modern horses are mainly involved in two functional areas: 1) the nervous system, behavior, and cognition, and 2) muscle, body size, cardiac function, and metabolism.

Conclusion: Domestication is linked to substantial epigenetic regulatory changes. Genes associated with neural crest development and domestication syndrome underwent noticeable lncRNA-mediated epigenetic regulation changes during horse domestication.
PSG7 indicates that age at diagnosis is associated with papillary thyroid carcinoma: A study based on the cancer genome atlas data
Authors: Tian Tianjie , Zhang Zixiong , Chen Ting
Published: October 2022

The age of the patients at diagnosis (age at diagnosis) is a self-contained element of danger for the prognosis of patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), which has been well recognized and continuously adopted by the international cancer staging system. However, few studies have investigated its intrinsic mechanisms. In this study, we aim to comprehensively reveal the age-related pathogenesis of PTC and identify potential prognostic biomarkers. We divided the samples into two groups, young and elderly, to filter differentially expressed genes in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), with an age of 55 years serving as a cutoff. Moreover, we combined univariate, LASSO, and multivariate Cox regression analyses to construct age-related signatures for predicting progression-free survival. Additionally, functional enrichment analysis, immune infiltration analysis, differential expression analysis, clinicopathological correlation analysis, and drug sensitivity analysis were performed in different risk subgroups and expression subgroups. We screened 88 upregulated genes and 58 downregulated genes. Both the LASSO regression model that is validated in TCGA and the model of six age-related prognostic genes (IGF2BP1, GPRC6A, IL37, CRCT1, SEMG1, and PSG7) can be used to evaluate the progression-free survival of PTC patients. The GO, KEGG, and GSEA analyses revealed that each key gene was closely associated with PTC development. Furthermore, CD8+ T cells decreased significantly, while regulatory T cells increased dramatically in the high-risk and PSG7 high expression groups. PSG7 was remarkably correlated with clinicopathological parameters (pathologic stage, T stage, and N stage) of PTC patients, and PSG7 expression was elevated in tumor samples from both TCGA and the Gene Expression Omnibus and was strongly associated with progressive stage and poor prognosis. Our results provide an innovative understanding of the age-related molecular mechanisms of PTC development. PSG7 was identified to exert a critical role in PTC progression and may serve as a promising strategy for predicting the prognosis of PTC.
Parents' intention toward early marriage of their adolescent girls in eastern Ethiopia: A community-based cross-sectional study from a social norms perspective
Authors: Abdurahman Dureti , Assefa Nega , Berhane Yemane
Published: October 2022

Background

Strong social norms around early marriage put pressure on parents to marry off their adolescent girls at an early age. Early marriage is widely practiced in many parts of Ethiopia. However, early marriage studies rarely address the role of social norms. This study aims to examine the role of social norms on parents' intention to marry off adolescent girls early in Eastern Ethiopia.

Method

A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted from September to November 2019. A multistage sampling procedure was applied to select the study participants. Factors related to parents' intention for early marriage were assessed through the lens of the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB). Adjusted Prevalence Ratio (PR) was calculated using a log-binomial model to identify factors associated with intention toward early marriage.

Results

A total of 859 mothers and 859 fathers of unmarried girls were included in the study. The prevalence of intention to marry off their daughter early among mothers was 39.70% (95% CI = 36.4–43.0%) and 43.54% (95%CI = 40.2–47.1%) among fathers of adolescent girls [chi2(1) = 41.8; P < 0.001]. The intention for an early marriage was higher among mothers and fathers with favorable attitude towards early marriage, in those who believe that most people in their reference group conform to early marriage norms (empirical expectation), in those who believe that most people in their reference group expect them to conform to early marriage norms (normative expectation) and among fathers who did not know the legal age of marriage for adolescent girls and those who did not know the health consequences of early marriage. The prevalence of intention toward early marriage was lower among mothers (APR = 0.49; 95% CI: 0.36–0.65) and fathers (APR = 0.62; 95% CI: 0.49–0.78) in urban areas; and among mothers (APR = 0.41; 95% CI: 0.27–0.62) and fathers (APR = 0.50; 95% CI: 0.38–0.67) with higher educational level.

Conclusion

The social norms that promote intention for early marriage are still high among parents, especially among those living in rural areas and uneducated. Hence, interventions that aim to reduce early marriage need to address locally relevant social norms.
Reducing farnesyl diphosphate synthase levels activates Vγ9Vδ2 T cells and improves tumor suppression in murine xenograft cancer models
Authors: Liou Mei-Ling , Lahusen Tyler , Li Haishan , Xiao Lingzhi , Pauza C. David
Published: October 2022

Human Vγ9Vδ2 T cells are attractive candidates for cancer immunotherapy due to their potent capacity for tumor recognition and cytolysis of many tumor cell types. However, efforts to deploy clinical strategies for Vγ9Vδ2 T cell cancer therapy are hampered by insufficient potency. We are pursuing an alternate strategy of modifying tumors to increase the capacity for Vγ9Vδ2 T cell activation, as a means for strengthening the anti-tumor response by resident or ex vivo manufactured Vγ9Vδ2 T cells. Vγ9Vδ2 T cells are activatedin vitroby non-peptidic antigens including isopentenyl pyrophosphate (IPP), a substrate of farnesyl diphosphate synthase (FDPS) in the pathway for biosynthesis of isoprenoids. In an effort to improvein vivopotency of Vγ9Vδ2 T cells, we reduced FDPS expression in tumor cells using a lentivirus vector encoding a short-hairpin RNA that targets FDPS mRNA (LV-shFDPS). Prostate (PC3) or hepatocellular carcinoma (Huh-7) cells transduced with LV-shFDPS induced Vγ9Vδ2 T cell stimulationin vitro, resulting in increased cytokine expression and tumor cell cytotoxicity. Immune deficient mice implanted with LV-shFDPS transduced tumor cells showed dramatic responses to intraperitoneal injection of Vγ9Vδ2 T cells with strong suppression of tumor growth.In vivopotency was increased by transducing tumor cells with a vector expressing both shFDPS and human IL-2. Tumor suppression by Vγ9Vδ2 T cells was dose-dependent with greater effects observed in mice injected with 100% LV-shFDPS transduced cells compared to mice injected with a mixture of 50% LV-shFDPS transduced cells and 50% control (no vector) tumor cells. Delivery of LV-shFDPS by intratumoral injection was insufficient to knockdown FDPS in the majority of tumor cells, resulting in insignificant tumor suppression by Vγ9Vδ2 T cells. Thus, Vγ9Vδ2 T cells efficiently targeted and suppressed tumors expressing shFDPS in mouse xenotransplant models. This proof-of-concept study demonstrates the potential for suppression of genetically modified tumors by human Vγ9Vδ2 T cells and indicates that co-expression of cytokines may boost the anti-tumor effect.
Immunotherapies catering to the unmet medical need of cold colorectal cancer
Authors: Yuan Jun , Li Jiarui , Gao Ce , Jiang Chun , Xiang Ze , Wu Jian
Published: October 2022

As a common malignant tumor of gastrointestinal tract, the incidence of colorectal cancer (CRC) has gradually increased in recent years. In western developed countries, it has even become the second largest malignant tumor next to lung cancer. Immunotherapy is a hot topic in the field of cancer therapy, including immune checkpoint blockade (ICB), adoptive cell therapy (ACT), cancer vaccines and cytokines, aiming to improve the ability of the immune system to recognize, target and eliminate cancer cells. However, cold CRC, which accounts for a high proportion of CRC, is not so reactive to it. The development of immunotherapy to prevent cancer cells from forming “immune escape” pathways to the immune system in cold CRC, has been under increasing study attention. There is proof that an organic combination of radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and several immunotherapies can considerably boost the immune system’s capacity to eradicate tumor cells. In this review, we summarized the role of immunotherapy in colorectal cancer. In addition, we propose a breakthrough and strategy to improve the role of immunotherapy in cold CRC based on its characteristics.
Possible role of gut microbes and host’s immune response in gut–lung homeostasis
Authors: Rastogi Sonakshi , Mohanty Sneha , Sharma Sapna , Tripathi Prabhanshu
Published: October 2022

The vast diversity of microbial communities reside in various locations of the human body, and they are collectively named as the ‘Human Microbiota.’ The majority of those microbes are found in the gastrointestinal and respiratory tracts. The microorganisms present in the gastrointestinal and the respiratory tracts are called the gut microbiota and the airway microbiota, respectively. These microbial communities are known to affect both the metabolic functions and the immune responses of the host. Among multiple factors determining the composition of gut microbiota, diet has played a pivotal role. The gut microbes possess enzymatic machinery for assimilating dietary fibers and releasing different metabolites, primarily short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). The SCFAs modulate the immune responses of not only the gut but other distal mucosal sites as well, such as the lungs. Dysbiosis in normal gut flora is one of the factors involved in the development of asthma and other respiratory disorders. Of note, several human and murine studies have indicated significant cross-talk between gut microbiota and lung immunity, known as the gut–lung axis. Here, in this review, we summarize the recent state of the field concerning the effect of dietary metabolites, particularly SCFAs, on the “gut–lung axis” as well as discuss its impact on lung health. Moreover, we have highlighted the role of the “gut–lung axis” in SARS-CoV-2 mediated inflammation. Also, to analyze the global research progress on the gut–lung axis and to identify the knowledge gap in this field, we have also utilized the bibliographic tools Dimension database and VOS viewer analysis software. Through network mapping and visualization analysis, we can predict the present research trend and the possibility to explore new directions.
Comparison of blood and lymph node cells after intramuscular injection with HIV envelope immunogens
Authors: Day Suzanne , Kaur Charandeep , Cheeseman Hannah M. , de Groot Emily , McFarlane Leon R. , Tanaka Maniola , Coelho Sofia , Cole Tom , Lemm Nana-Marie , Lim Adrian , Sanders Rogier W. , Asquith Becca , Shattock Robin J. , Pollock Katrina M.
Published: October 2022

Background

Harnessing CD4+ T cell help in the lymph nodes through rational antigen design could enhance formation of broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs) during experimental HIV immunization. This process has remained hidden due to difficulty with direct study, with clinical studies instead focusing on responses in the blood as a proxy for the secondary lymphoid tissue.

Methods

To address this, lymph node cells (LNC) were collected using ultrasound guided fine needle aspiration of axillary lymph nodes from 11 HIV negative participants in an experimental HIV immunogen study (European AIDS Vaccine Initiative EAVI2020_01 study, NCT04046978). Cells from lymph node and blood (PBMC), were collected after intramuscular injection with HIV Env Mosaic immunogens based on HIV Envelope glycoprotein and combined with a liposomal toll-like receptor-4 adjuvant; monophosphoryl lipid A. Simultaneously sampled cells from both blood and lymph node in the same donors were compared for phenotype, function, and antigen-specificity.

Results

Unsupervised cluster analysis revealed tissue-specific differences in abundance, distribution, and functional response of LNC compared with PBMC. Monocytes were virtually absent from LNC, which were significantly enriched for CD4+ T cells compared with CD8+ T cells. T follicular helper cells with germinal center features were enriched in LNC, which contained specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cell subsets including CD4+ T cells that responded after a single injection with HIV Env Mosaic immunogens combined with adjuvant. Tissue-specific differences in response to an MHC-II dependent superantigen, staphylococcal enterotoxin B, indicated divergence in antigen presentation function between blood and lymph node.

Conclusions

LNC are phenotypically and functionally distinct from PBMC, suggesting that whole blood is only a limited proxy of the T cell lymphatic response to immunization. HIV-specific CD4+ T cells in the lymph node are rapidly inducible upon experimental injection with HIV immunogens. Monitoring evolution of CD4+ T cell memory in LNC with repeated experimental HIV immunization could indicate the strategies most likely to be successful in inducing HIV-specific bNAbs.