bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Os biblioepigramas do livro Apoforeta de Marcial
Authors: Agnolon Alexandre
Published: November 2020

O objetivo do artigo é apresentar tradução poética inédita de quatorze epigramas pertencentes ao livro Apoforeta, segundo as edições modernas, o décimo quarto livro de epigramas de Marcial. Os poemas que vertemos constituem um ciclo de epigramas todo ele dedicado aos livros com que, ao londo dos banquetes das Saturnais, os convivas poderiam ser presenteados. "Poemas-cartões" que eram, remetiam, de um lado, à função originária do epigrama como "inscrição", e, de outro, conforme a subespécie "enigma", da epigramática helenística, convidavam o destinatário presente a adivinhar o que ganhara, aspecto que se relacionava com o caráter lúdico da festa. Mas também podiam os epigramas do ciclo ser compreendidos como "biblioepigramas", já que, na brevíssima descrição da obra literária, Marcial tanto fazia as vezes de poeta-filólogo, porque ao tecer juízos poéticos e retóricos assumia discurso crítico, como de poeta-bibliófilo, ao remeter o leitor à materialidade do livro. O livro como objeto indica para o leitor de hoje o matiz helenístico com que o poeta, incorporando a tradição precedente, a julgava e para o público antigo cumpria a função precípua e imediata do mimo que, em virtude das belas encadernações, devia agradar os olhos antes de tudo.
11 poemas de Propércio (I, 1-11) traduzidos com o verdadeiro dístico elegíaco de Péricles Eugênio da Silva Ramos
Authors: Oliva Neto João Angelo
Published: November 2020

Para traduzir a Elegia II, 27 de Propércio (1964), Péricles Eugênio da Silva Ramos forjou um rigoroso dístico português formado de alexandrino perfeito e decassílabo heroico, diferentemente do que fizeram seus seguidores diretos e indiretos, inclusive eu, que utilizaram outros tipos de dodecassílabos e decassílabos. Proponho-me agora primeiro a estabelecer as caracterísiticas precisas do dístico de Péricles Eugênio e o poder que tem para reproduzir melhor em português a katálexis, isto é, a supressão de sílabas do pentâmetro datílico em relação ao hexâmetro datílico. Estabelecidas as "leis" deste dístico, após breves considerações sobre o uso do hipérbato e da segunda pessoa em português, proponho como experimento praticar o dístico de Péricles Eugênio nos onze primeiros poemas do livro primeiro de Elegia de Propércio.
Entrevista com Jaa Torrano - Tradução da acribia poética
Authors: Malta André
Published: November 2020

Nos 40 anos (que completa em 2015) como professor de língua e literatura grega na FFLCH-USP, Jaa Torrano (Olímpia/SP, 1949) criou uma forma muito particular de transposição, segundo a qual verter é fonte e fim da atividade de interpretação. Mas quem o conhece sabe: essa opção pela não dissociação entre estudo e versão não o fez corroborar a ideia batida - e ainda difundida entre acadêmicos - de que traduzir é prosaicamente transportar sentidos. Torrano, ao contrário, forjou uma economia poética, porque atento à voz do mito grego - a uma linguagem que tem, como já disse, seu próprio mo(vi)mento - e porque desinteressado de formalismos (ritmos, metros, sons) que por vezes estrangulam o conceito de "poético" entre nós. Os resultados, que podem ser conferidos no tratamento dado seja à épica de Hesíodo (Teogonia/1981), seja às sete peças de Ésquilo (Oresteia/2004; Tragédias/2009) e dezenove de Eurípides (no prelo), revelam um verso solto mas nunca frouxo, preciso e denso, pessoal e reverberante, verque que evidencia, assim, a presença de outras exigências e a necessidade de outros desafios, nas entrelinhas, para além da materialidade do verso.
A tradução da Olímpica I de Píndaro: de José Bonifácio a considerações sobre a performance ritual
Authors: Romero Sérgio Luiz Gusmão Gimenes
Published: November 2020

Neste artigo proponho-me a abordar a poesia de Píndaro considerando, do ponto de vista da execução de seus epinícios performáticos das odes pindáricas, tomadas em sua dimensão poético-ritual. Apresentamos uma tradução da Olímpica I, que é uma das odes de Píndaro mais conhecidas pelo público de língua portuguesa e ocupa posição privilegiada no corpus pindárico, sendo ela, o epinício escolhido desde Alexandria para abrir o livro das Olímpicas; fazendo ainda uma breve referência à tradução para o português da mesma ode por José Bonifácio de Andrade e Silva, o ilustre "patriarca da independência" do Brasil, no século XIX. Nossa proposta consiste em considerar a dimensão performática dos epinícios chamando a atenção para o fato de que uma ode de Píndaro consiste num fragmento de uma obra maior e mais complexa que envolvia ainda, além da letra, a música e a expressão corporal. Parece-nos de fundamental importância que as odes de Píndaro não sejam tomadas como um texto de expressão unicamente verbal, mas que a consciência de sua fragmentação e de sua unidade origial impregne a leitura e a tradução da poética pindárica.
A tradução da comédia grega: As Nuvens
Authors: Caetano Andreza
Published: November 2020

O artigo trata da tradução de comédia e propõe que a tradução crie uma voz teatral e não literária, mostrando as diferenças sintáticas e semânticas que podem surgir quando se considera antes a encenação que a literatura e a leitura. Não há razão para deixar de absorver a natureza da comédia grega e transformá-la naquilo que ela não é. Abordaremos também questões que nos pareceram polêmicas no processo de tradução, como a tradução do humor e o embelezamento que o texto traduzido costuma sofrer, para mostrar a solução por que optamos.
A "seção romana" de Alexandra, de Lícofron (vv. 1226-1282)
Authors: Brunhara Rafael
Published: November 2020

A "seção romana" do poema Alexandra de Lícofron é uma passagem de 56 versos em que a profetiza prevê um futuro grandioso para os descendentes e, ao contrário, um funesto porvir aos próprios aqueus. A passagem tão conveniente à prespectiva da Eneida, que há quem creia tratar-se de interpolação, entre outros motivos pelo fato de ser a primeira intersecção entre o mito de Eneias e o de Rômulo e Remo. A tradução dos trímetros jâmbicos foi feita em dodecassílabos acentuados na sexta sílaba, mantendo-se anacolutos, hipérbatos, cavalgamentos, que produzem a já notória estranheza da sintaxe do poema. Procuro manter por compensação as recorrências sonoras e a logopeia.
A verdade é doce: estudo e tradução de "As Graças ou Hierão", Idílio 16 de Teócrito de Siracusa
Authors: Nogueira Érico
Published: November 2020

Antes de apresentar tradução em versos hexatônicos do Idílio 16 de Teócrito de Siracusa, "As Graças ou Hierão", analiso neste artigo como num poema idílico se efetiva o encômio a Hierão de Siracusa, de quem Teócrito buscava proteção. As Graças, que personificam a poesia de Teócrito, queixam-se, na metade inicial do poema, da humilhação que sofreram por não obter protetor. Indignado, o poeta investe contra os insensíveis mirando a atenção de Hierão, que estava na iminência de guerrear contra os cartagineses. O verso hexatônico refaz os seis ictos do hexâmetro datílico antigo, sem a rigidez de outras importantes tentativas de refazer o hexâmetro em português, como as de Carlos Alberto Nunes.
À guisa de introdução: tendências recentes na tradução de poesia grega e latina no Brasil
Authors: Oliva Neto João Angelo
Published: November 2020

Cadernos de Literatura em Tradução neste número 15 acolhe praticamente apenas versões de poemas gregos e latinos antigos, que não tinham, todavia, deixado de comparecer em números anteriores. Aqui, os tradutores foram convidados a expor, com a detença que lhes aprouvesse, os critérios por que nortearam a tradução, fossem princípios, fossem apenas balizas práticas, ambos igualmente eficientes à tarefa, como bem sabem os que se metem nesse ofício.
"Eros ferido": teoria e tradução do Idílio XIX de Teócrito de Siracusa
Authors: Costa Daniel Padilha Pacheco da
Published: November 2020

No artigo, realizamos uma tradução em verso do idílio XIX do poeta helenístico Teócrito de Siracusa. Discutimos não apenas o sentido do poema, mas também o seu lugar no interior da sua obra e as traduções que recebeu em Portugal e em português. Mais curto idílio de Teócrito, a anedota sobre a infância de Eros narrada no poema é representativa do privilégio dado pela poesia helenística a poemas breves. Por fim, explicitamos os critérios que nortearam a tradução, entendida não como uma somatória de elementos linguísticos, mas como uma totalidade coerente com o modelo.
"Proêmio: Héracles", de Luciano de Samósata
Authors: Robbio Matías Sebastían Fernandez
Published: November 2020

Apresento no artigo primeiro breve explicação do que vêm a ser as prolaliái, de Luciano de Samósata, pequenos proêmios introdutóriosde obras hoje desconhecidas. Em segundo lugar, apresento minha tradução em português do proêmio intitulado Héracles, antecedida de exposição dos critérios fundamentais. A matéria do texto é o valor da palavra, a força da retórica - aqui materializada pelo vigor oratório, já não corporal, de Héracles - no contexto da Segunda Sofística. A força oratória de Héracles vem figurada na notável ênfase se uma pintura do deus, presente no texto.
Effects of n-3 Fatty Acid Supplements in Elderly Patients After Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Kalstad Are Annesønn , Myhre Peder Langeland , Laake Kristian , Tveit Sjur Hansen , Schmidt Erik Berg , Smith Paal , Nilsen Dennis Winston Trygve , Tveit Arnljot , Fagerland Morten Wang , Solheim Svein , Seljeflot Ingebjørg , Arnesen Harald ,   On behalf of the OMEMI Investigators
Published: November 2020

Background:

High intake of marine n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) has been associated with reduced risk of cardiovascular events; however, this has not been confirmed in patients with a recent acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Elderly patients are at particularly increased cardiovascular risk after myocardial infarction, but few trials address this group specifically. Omega-3 fatty acids hold the potential to reduce cardiovascular events with limited adverse effects in this vulnerable group. The hypothesis was that daily addition of 1.8g n-3 PUFA to standard of care secondary prophylaxis in elderly patients who have survived an AMI would reduce the risk of subsequent cardiovascular events during 2 years follow-up.

Methods:

The OMEMI trial (Omega-3 Fatty acids in Elderly with Myocardial Infarction) is an investigator-initiated, multicenter, randomized clinical trial adding 1.8 g n-3 PUFA (930 mg eicosapentaenoic acid and 660 mg docosohexaenoic acid) versus placebo (corn oil) daily to standard of care in patients aged 70 to 82 years with recent (2–8 weeks) AMI. The primary endpoint was a composite of nonfatal AMI, unscheduled revascularization, stroke, all-cause death, heart failure hospitalization after 2 years. The secondary outcome was new atrial fibrillation. The safety outcome was major bleeding. Serum fatty acids were measured as biomarkers of adherence.

Results:

In total, 1027 patients were randomized. Follow-up data were available for 1014 patients who were included in the intention-to-treat analysis. Mean±SD age was 75±3.6 years, 294 (29%) were female, and mean triglycerides were 111.4±61.9 mg/dL. The primary endpoint occurred in 108 (21.4%) patients on n-3 PUFA versus 102 (20.0%) on placebo (hazard ratio, 1.08 [95% CI, 0.82–1.41];
P
=0.60). The secondary endpoint occurred in 28 (7.2%) patients on n-3 PUFA versus 15 (4.0%) on placebo (1.84 [0.98–3.45];
P
=0.06). Median changes in eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid were +87% and +16% for n-3 PUFA versus −13% and −8% for placebo. Major bleeding occurred in 54 (10.7%) and 56 (11.0%) in the n-3 PUFA and placebo groups, respectively (
P
=0.87). Similar results were found in per-protocol analysis (n=893).

Conclusions:

We could not detect reduction in clinical events in our elderly patients with recent AMI who were treated with 1.8 g n-3 PUFAs daily for 2 years.

Registration:

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
; Unique identifier: NCT01841944.
Plasminogen Deficiency and Amiloride Mitigate Angiotensin II–Induced Hypertension in Type 1 Diabetic Mice Suggesting Effects Through the Epithelial Sodium Channel
Authors: Andersen Henrik , Hansen Maria Høj , Buhl Kristian B. , Stæhr Mette , Friis Ulla G. , Enggaard Camilla , Supramaniyam Shanya , Lund Ida K. , Svenningsen Per , Hansen Pernille B. L. , Jensen Boye L.
Published: November 2020

Background

Diabetic nephropathy is a common diabetes mellitus complication associated with hypertension, proteinuria, and excretion of urinary plasmin that activates the epithelial sodium channel, ENaC,
in vitro
. Here we hypothesized that the deletion of plasminogen and amiloride treatment protect against hypertension in diabetes mellitus.

Methods and Results

Male plasminogen knockout (plasminogen‐deficient [Plg
−/−
]) and wild‐type mice were rendered diabetic with streptozotocin. Arterial blood pressure was recorded continuously by indwelling catheters before and during 10 days of angiotensin II infusion (ANGII; 30–60 ng/kg per minute). The effect of amiloride infusion (2 mg/kg per day, 4 days) was tested in wild‐type, diabetic ANGII‐treated mice. Streptozotocin increased plasma and urine glucose concentrations and 24‐hour urine albumin and plasminogen excretion. Diabetic Plg
−/−
mice displayed larger baseline albuminuria and absence of urine plasminogen. Baseline mean arterial blood pressure did not differ between groups. Although ANGII elevated blood pressure in wild‐type, diabetic wild‐type, and Plg
−/−
control mice, ANGII did not change blood pressure in diabetic Plg
−/−
mice. Compared with ANGII infusion alone, wild‐type ANGII‐infused diabetic mice showed blood pressure reduction upon amiloride treatment. There was no difference in plasma renin, ANGII, aldosterone, tissue prorenin receptor, renal inflammation, and fibrosis between groups. Urine from wild‐type mice evoked larger amiloride‐sensitive current than urine from Plg
−/−
mice with or without diabetes mellitus. Full‐length γ‐ENaC and α‐ENaC subunit abundances were not changed in kidney homogenates, but the 70 kDa γ‐ENaC cleavage product was increased in diabetic versus nondiabetic mice.

Conclusions

Plasmin promotes hypertension in diabetes mellitus with albuminuria likely through the epithelial sodium channel.
Social facilitation in short-tailed fruit bats, Carollia perspicillata (Linnaeus)
Authors: Wright Genevieve Spanjer , Wilkinson Gerald S. , Moss Cynthia F.
Published: November 2020

Group-living animals can potentially enhance their foraging performance and efficiency by obtaining information from others. Using PIT-tag data to study foraging behaviour in individual bats, we tested short-tailed fruit bats, Carollia perspicillata (Linnaeus), for evidence of local enhancement or social facilitation. To discriminate between these phenomena, we manipulated the presence of conspecifics while individuals searched for food. We quantified the time to find food and the order and sex of bats accessing the food, and any consistent associations between bats. Presence of conspecifics decreased the time needed to find food. We found no evidence that pairs of individuals consistently fed together; however, bats of the same sex tended to feed closer in time with one another. The same individuals consistently accessed the food first, and males found food more quickly than females. Our results provide evidence of social facilitation, with bats finding food more quickly in a group than alone.
Babylonian and Indian Wisdoms in Islamicate Culture
Authors: Langermann Y. Tzvi
Published: November 2020

The interaction of Islamicate civilization with those civilizations that preceded it or were contemporaneous with it has focused for the most part on Hellenistic civilization, and the huge body of scientific and philosophical literature which was translated and absorbed in the first centuries after the appearance of Islam. This paper aims to present two small but much needed correctives to this understanding. In the first section I argue that the “Greek” astronomy that was translated into Arabic ought more correctly to be described as Greco-Babylonian astronomy. In the second I turn to India: not only was a great deal of Indian knowledge absorbed at the time of the great translation movement, we must recall that the exchanges with India carried on well beyond the early Abbasids. I illustrate these points with some new materials in the fields of medicine, philosophy, and alchemy.
Autobiographische Ungarnbilder aus dem Exil im Vergleich
Authors: Tüskés Gábor
Published: November 2020

In this article, the author examines three autobiographical texts. These represent three different languages, three subgenres and two writers. The leading question is which patterns, motives and figures of thought determine the image of a country for the examined writer, and which of these become symbols of the fatherland in hindsight. The author’s main goal is therefore not to test the texts’ factual truth. Instead, three variants of emotional fictionalisation of patriotism are compared. By doing so, the author seeks to answer the question how factual truth is used, how autofiction and fictionality are created, and by which means and for what goal these images of the abandoned fatherland have become fictionalised. This question is treated in the context of the Habsburg dynasty’s imperial ambitions and of national resistance to it.
Körpererfahrung und Geisteraustreibung
Authors: Faßhauer Vera
Published: November 2020

Wearing the features of the artist’s own contorted face, Messerschmidt’s grimacing Head Pieces have been mystifying their viewers for centuries. Most interpreters have regarded them from a purely artistic point of view and tended to certify the sculptor’s serious mental issues. This article takes an interdisciplinary and intermedial approach to Messerschmidt’s busts by paralleling them with the diary records of the physician Senckenberg, which likewise mirror the author’s meticulous self-observation and are consequently perceived with similar irritation. It is shown that the frequent pathologization of both Messerschmidt’s and Senckenberg’s work derives not least from the decidedly non-academic nature of their self-studies, which they felt were impeded by the temptations of daemons jealous of their insight into arcane knowledge. Rather than passing verdicts on the authors’ mental health or the validity of their religious and professional convictions, their motivations are to be considered according to their own early modern world view.
“TeVtonICos Mars tVrbat Vb[I]qVe Dynastas.”
Authors: Hanstein Michael
Published: November 2020

The following study examines 20 chronograms addressing the Thirty Years’ War (Dreißigjaehriger Krieg, 1618–1648). Most of them were written in Latin by one of three authors, Samuel Gloner, Elias Kolb and Timotheus Polus, who aspired higher employment at Strasbourg University. References to the Thirty Years’ War ranged from general references (e.g. the biblical “vale of tears”) to the mentioning of specific places or historic figures such as King Gustaf Adolf ii of Sweden. Chronograms as part of an epithalamium expressed best wishes for bride and groom. Chronograms as part of an epicedium referred to Christian religion or neostoic philosophy.
Fallende Körper
Authors: Urban Felix
Published: November 2020

It is part of the standard repertoire of Eulenspiegel research to point out that the jest novel Ein kurtzweilig Lesen von Dil Ulenspiegel (1510/15) places a highly contradictory protagonist of heterogenous motivations at the centre of its plot, which oscillates between vita and episode sequence. Rarely, however, have the instruments of structuralist narratology been used systematically to investigate how this heterogeneity and contradiction comes about and what strategies the text uses to connect the individual episodes. Using the example of the recurring element of ‘falling bodies’, this article analyzes the eventfulness, the production of coherence and the function of certain action patterns in the individual episodes. One central hypothesis of this article is that by means of recurrence and variation falling bodies establish a literary paradigm in the novel keeping a central theme of the text present: the dissociation of a superior protagonist who eludes the demands of the community on his body.
Animal Release and the Sacrificial Ethos in Inner Asia
Authors: Swancutt Katherine
Published: November 2020

Animal release is often understood as the practice of freeing an animal from human consumption or the burden of labour. Typically associated with various Buddhist or Daoist cosmologies in which liberating an animal is a merit-making act, animal release tends to be conceptualised in altruistic terms. Yet the diverse forms that sacrifice and animal release take across Inner Asia suggest that the focus of analysis sometimes shifts from a concern with freeing animals to protecting the human imperative to live. Introducing new ethnography on the ethical underpinnings of sacrifice among Buryats in northeast Mongolia and the Nuosu of southwest China, I propose that animal release can be an act of restrained violence that evokes the mythopoetic contours of human–animal relations, animal sentience and human self-preservation. Offering case studies on scapegoats, deferred sacrifice, and contingent forms of slaughter, I show how Buryats and Nuosu manage the ethical tensions posed by sacrifice.
The Melodious Hoofbeat
Authors: Hutchins K.G.
Published: November 2020

This paper examines cases in which traditional musicians in Mongolia bring the perspectives of rural non-human animals into urban music institutions, troubling the colonial nature–culture and urban–rural divisions around which they were designed. In Mongolia, music has played a central role in the socialist modernisation projects of the twentieth century, as well as the protests that led to the country’s transition to parliamentary democracy in 1990. These projects involved the formation of urban-based national conservatories and orchestras designed around a western model that attempts to separate nature from culture. How, then, do multispecies relationships play out in a post-socialist context, where capitalist and socialist modernities have each left their mark? In this paper I argue that Mongolian musicians incorporate non-human animals into musical heritage institutions in ways that both depend on and resist the interplay between socialist and capitalist colonial projects.
The Care Work of Balance
Authors: Oehler Alex
Published: November 2020

This paper explores the relationship between herding and hunting practices in the mountainous environment of Indigenous Soyots of Okinskii Raion (Oka), Buryatia. It traces an animistic approach to the concept of balance among sentient entities, including landscapes, identifying it as an underlying ethic governing the relationships of domestic and non-domestic animals with humans. Drawing on this ethic of care, the paper identifies practices directed at achieving balance as a form of resistance to assertions of outright control over living beings. The author begins by problematising the concept of care, pointing to basic ontological differences identified in anthropological literature, before addressing how care and balance are related. Here care is understood as a matter of attentiveness: a skill that links herding and hunting practices. The paper then delves into three concrete areas of care: the care of creating life in living and calving spaces; the care of holding life together through material implements and invocation of intangible protective forces; and, finally, care for species diversity in local yak and hybrid breeding practices.
Artefact Transfers
Authors: Lang Maria-Katharina , Tsetsentsolmon Baatarnaran
Published: November 2020

The paper explores the flows of artefacts between public and private settings in alternative political and social relations in Mongolia. It investigates sacred places such as Buddhist temples and monasteries as well as museums (which were former temples) and examines movements of objects such as Buddhist figures, sacred books and ethnographic objects. The ‘artefact transfers’ not only relate to massive movements such as the displacement of sacred objects or deities (burkhan), their transformation into museum objects and the concealing of items underground, but the phrase also implies changes in perception, value and attitudes towards artefacts. Material culture also needed to be fitted into another order due to the process of ‘modernisation’ and societal transformation in Mongolia. Objects that suddenly appeared ambivalent had to be dealt with in order to conform to new or changing ideologies. Following the ‘biographies’ and ‘efficacy’ of artefacts, the authors argue that, through various cultural and economic exchanges in translocal networks, changes of perception and value activate artefact transfers.
Pentecostalism in Mongolia
Authors: Austin Denise A. , Davaadar Togtokh-Ulzii
Published: November 2020

Pentecostal missionaries arrived in Mongolia as early as 1910 but the socialist government expelled all missionaries in 1924. By the time socialism collapsed in 1990, there were no more than 20 Christians in the whole nation. However, estimates suggest that there are now around 100,000 adherents, most of whom are Pentecostal. While some scholars have analysed the history of Christianity in Mongolia, little research has explored this significant subset. Mongolia Assemblies of God (MAOG—Монголын Бурханы Чуулган) was one of the first and fastest growing Christian denominations. It currently comprises around 2000 adherents, as well as over 200 graduates from its ministry training college. Using MAOG as a case study, this research argues that the rise of Pentecostalism in Mongolia is owing to its ‘ends of the earth’ mission; cultural protest movement; lure of modernity; imagined community; empowerment through transnational mobility; theology of divine ‘calling’; and contribution toward civil society.
Mongol Familiarisation with European Medical Practices in the Nineteenth–Twentieth Centuries
Authors: Norov Batsaikhan , Batsaikhan Binderiya , Usukhbayar Batchimeg
Published: November 2020

It was primarily Russian activities in Mongolia between 1860 and 1921, reflecting its geopolitical interests, that introduced European medical practices to the Mongols. Competing alongside other European powers, the Russian Government capitalised on conditions within Mongolia to increase Mongolia’s dependency on Russia. Thus, the Russian government’s motives for medical intervention, like that of other European groups, were mainly political, economic and cultural. In the context of Buddhist dogmatism and the expansive territorial distances between the Mongols (a term this paper uses to encompass all people of Mongol ethnicity in northern and central Asia), the reluctance of Russian doctors to disseminate European medical knowledge prevented its spread into Mongolia. Medical intervention was primarily a method of colonisation justified through healthcare support. Ultimately the familiarisation of European medicine in Mongolia was the first crucial step towards the amalgamation of traditional Mongolian and European medical practices after the Mongolian People’s Revolution.
The Urban/Rural Divide in the Early Modern Period
Authors: Arlen Jesse Siragan
Published: November 2020

The major developments of the early modern period had an uneven impact on urban and rural dwellers, leading to divergences in worldview and mentality between the two demographics. This article reflects upon these differences through a microhistorical study of an episode in Joseph Emin’s Life and Adventures, where Emin, an eighteenth-century “port Armenian” encounters Armenian villagers in the Ottoman town of Jinis. My reading of this episode provides a focus for broader reflections on the growing divergences between the viewpoints of a port Armenian like Emin, who was connected to the developments taking place in the early modern world, and that of rural dwellers like the local villagers and priest of Jinis, who were largely disconnected from the same developments.
Familiar Yet Foreign: Armenians in the New Zealand Imagination before the Armenian Genocide
Authors: Jokic Vukan , Armoudian Maria
Published: November 2020

This study of New Zealand newspapers explores the portrayals of Armenia and Armenians from relatively frequent media coverage dating from 1842 and leading up to the beginning of the 1915 Genocide. In this article, we analyze a sample of more than 35,000 archived news articles and discover recurring tropes about Armenians in both local and national publications. This article breaks new ground in the field of Armenian studies by shedding light on these narratives present in New Zealand. Furthermore, this article serves as an aide-mémoire of a special relationship between New Zealanders and Armenians, which has been lost in the reframing of history.
Two new species of Cantharis Linnaeus, 1758 from Baltic amber
Authors: FANTI FABRIZIO , PANKOWSKI MAXIMILIAN G.
Published: November 2020

Two new species of soldier beetles (Coleoptera, Cantharidae) from the Priabonian deposits in Yantarny, Russia (Baltic amber) are described. Cantharis crisantha sp. nov. is characterized by its relatively small body size, laterally rounded prothorax, and simple claws with a small basal tooth. Of particular interest, this specimen has its aedeagus extruded—a feature described for the first time in a representative of the genus Cantharis found in amber, and something rarely seen in all known fossil species of the Cantharidae family. The second described species, Cantharis raeorum sp. nov., is characterized by a pronotum with straight sides and a transverse and concave part near the posterior margin. The species are compared with earlier reported fossil Cantharis.
Parasadoletus exsertus, a new genus and species of Heterogastridae from Australia (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Lygaeoidea)
Authors: MALIPATIL M. B.
Published: November 2020

Parasadoletus exsertus gen. and sp. nov. (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Lygaeoidea: Heterogastridae) is described from Mount Glorious, southeastern Queensland, Australia, based on specimens collected associated with a rainforest tree Argyrodendron actinophyllum (F. M. Bailey) Edlin (Malvaceae). The new genus is compared and its relationship with other known genera of the family Heterogastridae elucidated, also comments on host plant associations within this family are provided.
New shelf and bathyal Philippine leptochitons (Mollusca: Polyplacophora: Lepidopleurida)
Authors: SIRENKO BORIS I.
Published: November 2020

Seventeen chiton species of the genus Leptochiton are reported from Philippine waters. Of these, nine are reported from the Philippines for the first time, including three species new to science: Leptochiton costatoacus n. sp., L. longigranum n. sp. and L. spiniferus n. sp. The majority of the Philippine leptochitons live mainly in the bathyal zone or deeper.
A new endemic species of Hemidactylus (Squamata: Gekkonidae) from São Nicolau Island, Cabo Verde
Authors: VASCONCELOS RAQUEL , KÖHLER GUNTHER , GENIEZ PHILIPPE , CROCHET PIERRE-ANDRÉ
Published: November 2020

A new species of gecko of the genus Hemidactylus (Squamata: Gekkonidae) is described from São Nicolau Island, Cabo Verde Archipelago, and the Sal and Boavista island populations of Hemidactylus boavistensis (i.e., Hemidactylus boavistensis boavistensis comb. nov. and Hemidactylus boavistensis chevalieri comb. nov.) are recognized as subspecies. Hemidactylus nicolauensis sp. nov. is genetically distinct from H. bouvieri, to which it has previously been referred, and from all other closely related endemic Hemidactylus from Cabo Verde Islands in mitochondrial (12S & cyt b) and nuclear (RAG2, MC1R) markers. It is characterized morphologically by its distinct colouration and a diagnostically different arrangement of digital lamellae. With the description of this new species, São Nicolau is now known to harbour three single-island endemic gecko species, and the documented reptile diversity in Cabo Verde is raised to 23 endemic species. As a result of our taxonomic changes, existing conservation regulations should be updated and the conservation status of these taxa should be re-evaluated.
Fossil decapods from the Upper Quaternary in Shinjima Island in Kagoshima, Kyushu, Japan, and description of a new species of ghost shrimp (Axiidea, Eucalliacidae)
Authors: ANDO YUSUKE , KAWANO SHIGENORI , MURAMIYA YUSUKE , NIIYAMA SOTA , KAMEYAMA SOHIKO , SHIMOYAMA SHOICHI
Published: November 2020

Five species of decapod crustaceans, including Calliax nishiki sp. nov. (Axiidea, Eucalliacidae) and Carcinoplax longimana (de Haan), are described from the upper part of the Moeshima Silt Bed (latest Pleistocene to Holocene: ca 13,000 to 8,000 cal BP). Ten decapods, including Laticallichirus grandis (Karasawa & Goda) and Ebalia tuberculosa (A. Milne-Edwards) are described from the Moeshima Shell Bed (Holocene: ca 8,000 to 2,000 cal BP). Calliax nishiki is abundant and Carcinoplax longimana is common in the decapod assemblage of Moeshima Silt Bed. The new species of Calliax seems to have dispersed around the deep marine setting with a reducing environment. The decapod assemblage of the Moeshima Shell Bed is characterized by a predominance of L. grandis. The present record suggests that L. grandis is abundant under sandy and gravelly bottoms mixed with shells of the lower sublittoral to subtidal zones during the Quaternary.
Two new species of Balacha (Insecta: Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Cicadellinae) from Brazil with comments on their phylogenetic position and biogeography
Authors: QUINTAS VICTOR , TAKIYA DANIELA M. , CAVICHIOLI RODNEY R. , MEJDALANI GABRIEL
Published: November 2020

The sharpshooter genus Balacha Melichar, 1926 has seven recognized species and is distributed in southern South America (Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay, and Uruguay). Here, two new Brazilian species of this genus are described and illustrated, one (B. ancora sp. nov.) from Serra do Caraça and Serra do Cipó (Minas Gerais State) and another (B. nigroflava sp. nov.) from Ponta Grossa (Paraná State) and Passo Fundo (Rio Grande do Sul State). Based on 67 morphological characters, we carried out a parsimony analysis to estimate the phylogenetic position of the two new species. Using implied weighting in TNT, a single topology within Balacha was obtained with k values that varied from 1.599 to 7.412. In this topology, the two new taxa appeared within the clade of black Balacha species. A biogeographical analysis (S-DIVA) suggested that the ancestral area of distribution of Balacha was the Atlantic Forest domain. Balacha species were so far known to have only Eryngium (Apiaceae) species as host plants. Here we report a new host plant for the genus: B. ancora sp. nov. specimens were collected on Actinocephalus polyanthus (Eriocaulaceae). Balacha similis and B. rubripennis are newly recorded from Argentina and specimens of the latter have a very distinct color pattern from the typical Brazilian specimens. Finally, a key to species and maps showing the known distribution of the genus are given (several state records of species are also provided).
Eimeria spp. (Apicomplexa: Eimeriidae) in Didelphis aurita Wied-Neuwied, 1826 (Didelphimorphia: Didelphidae) and description of a new species infecting this opossum
Authors: BEZERRA-SANTOS MARCOS ANTÔNIO , NOGUEIRA BÁRBARA CRISTINA FÉLIX , RAMOS RAFAEL ANTONIO NASCIMENTO , DUSZYNSKI DONALD W. , ARAÚJO JACKSON VICTOR DE , CAMPOS ARTUR KANADANI
Published: November 2020

Didelphis aurita Wied-Neuwied, 1826 is a marsupial well adapted to anthropogenic activity and commonly found in urban areas of Brazil. Among the gastrointestinal parasites found in this opossum, protozoa of the genus Eimeria are frequently detected. This study investigated the biodiversity of Eimeria species infecting D. aurita in Southeastern Brazil, and provides morphological data on a newly discovered species of Eimeria. From January to June 2019, 43 D. aurita were captured, and their fecal samples were collected and evaluated by salt flotation; positive samples were allowed to sporulate in 2.5% potassium dichromate (K2Cr2O7), and detailed morphological measurements were performed to determine the species present. Thirty-two of forty-three (74.4%) opossums were infected with from one to five Eimeria spp. Four of the eimerians were described and named previously by others: Eimeria auritanensis, Eimeria caluromydis, Eimeria gambai, and Eimeria philanderi. Additionally, sporulated oocysts of a species new to science were detected. Oocysts of this new Eimeria species are spheroidal to subspheroidal, 21.7 × 20.7 (20-23 × 19-23), length/width (L/W) ratio 1.05, with a highly refractile polar granule, but lacking a micropyle and oocyst residuum. Sporocysts are ovoidal, 10.6 × 8.0 (9-12 × 7-9), L/W ratio 1.3, with a small, Stieda body and a sporocyst residuum of diffuse granules. Of the infected opossums, 5/32 (16%) were infected with only one Eimeria sp., 6/32 (19%) with two, 15/32 (47%) with three, 5/32 (16%) with four and 1/32 (3%) with five Eimerians.
A Comparative Study of Pathological Nanomineral Aggregates with Distinct Morphology in Human Aortic Atherosclerotic Plaques
Authors: Li Yuan , Wang Changqiu , Lu Anhuai , Li Kang , Cheng Xiao , Yang Chongqing , Li Yanzhang , Li Yan , Ding Hongrui
Published: November 2020

Calcification exists in atherosclerotic plaques in the form of nanomineral aggregates and is closely related to the development of atherosclerosis. Spheroidal and massive calcification are two major types of calcification found in atherosclerotic tissue. However, the exact difference
between these two types of calcification is still not clear. Samples composed entirely of spheroidal calcifications and massive calcifications were isolated from aortic atherosclerotic plaques and tested using both bulk and microscopic analysis techniques. Scanning electron microscopy and
transmission electron microscopy showed that spheroidal calcifications had a core–shell structure. Massive calcifications were composed of randomly arranged nanocrystals. Synchrotron radiation X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy and selected area electron diffraction showed amorphous
calcium phosphate, whitlockite and carbonate hydroxyapatite all existing in spheroidal calcification, while massive calcification only consisted of carbonate hydroxyapatite. We conclude that amorphous calcium phosphate may act as a precursor phase of spheroidal calcifications that eventually
transforms into a crystalline phase, while whitlockite in lesions could aggravate the progression of atherosclerosis.
Mineral Characteristics of Low-Rank Coal and the Effects on the Micro- and Nanoscale Pore-Fractures: A Case Study from the Zhundong Coalfield, Northwest China
Authors: Zhou Sandong , Liu Dameng , Cai Yidong , Wang Yingjin , Yan Detian
Published: November 2020

The mineral characteristics (occurrence, type, and content) of low-rank coal and their influence on coalbed methane (CBM) reservoirs are investigated at the micro- and nanoscales. Six coal samples of three representative coalmines were used to demonstrate the uniform tectonization from
the Zhundong coalfield, NW China. Based on optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopyenergy dispersive spectrum (SEM-EDS) analysis, the mineral composition and occurrence characteristics were discussed. The micro- and nanoscale reservoir characteristics in low-rank coal (pore size
distribution and adsorption capability) were studied by diverse methods, including lowtemperature N2 adsorption/desorption, mercury intrusion porosimetry and CH4 isotherm adsorption analysis. The coal reservoir nuclear magnetic T2 spectra of porosity
and movable fluid were obtained by combining low-field nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analysis, which has an advantage of determining pore fluid technology. The mineral content is highly variable (4˜16 vol.%) in the Xi Heishan prospecting area of the Qitai region. Kaolinite, goyazite,
ankerite and anorthosite were microscopically observed to be filling in coal pores and microfractures, and the minerals are given priority to silicate minerals. There is a greater content of mesopores (100–1000 nm) and transition pores (10–100 nm), and they are well connected.
The micropores (0–10 nm) are dominated by parallel plate, closed or wedge-shaped pores. Furthermore, the microfractures are mainly observed for types B (width ≥ 5 μm and length≤ 10 mm) and D (width<5 μm and length<300 μm). The results show that microfractures B and
C (width< 5 μm and length ≥ 300 μm) are better connected, but the orientation and connectivity of type D are worse. The Langmuir volume and mesopore content decreased with increasing mineral content, which shows that the low-rank coal minerals filled some adsorption space; the
reduced CBM adsorption capacity and cellular pore and intergranular pore filled with minerals affect the mesopore content. Therefore, mineral characterization significantly influences methane adsorption capacity and pore structure.
Experimental Investigation of the Matrix Pore Size Distribution and Inner Surface Fractal Dimension of Different-Structure High Rank Coals
Authors: Wang Rui , Li Guoqing , Liu Shanshan
Published: November 2020

To investigate the nanopore characteristics of different-structure high-rank coal matrices, four samples were collected from the Zhaozhuang Mine, a typical mine highly prone to coal and gas outbursts in Shanxi Province, China, and the nanopore size distribution was measured using a
lowtemperature nitrogen adsorption method for these four samples. Based on the nitrogen adsorption isotherms, the inner surface fractal dimensions of micropores, meso- and macropores, and full-scale matrix pores were estimated using a Frenkel–Halsey–Hill (FFH) fractal model, and
the relationships between the fractal dimensions and pore parameters were discussed. The inner surface of the high-rank coal matrix is heterogeneous. The inner surface fractal dimensions of micropores (D1) and full-scale matrix pores (DT) can be arranged
in a descending sequence for the differentstructure coals: mylonitized coal > granulated coal > cataclastic coal > intact coal, while the inner surface fractal dimensions of meso- and macropores (D2) are in an ascending sequence. With the increasing deformation degree
of coals, some macropores and mesopores are transformed into smaller pores, such as micropores; the total pore volume (PV) and total specific surface area (SSA) increase; the SSA percentage and PV percentage of meso- and micropores increase; and those of macropores decrease. The average pore
width (APW) is positively correlated with D2 and negatively correlated with D1 and DT. The tectonic deformation enhances the irregularity of micropores and the heterogeneity of the whole coal matrix pores and decreases the inner surface
roughness of meso- and macropores.
Characterization of Nanostructure Evolution in Coal Molecules of Different Ranks
Authors: Meng Junqing , Zhong Ruquan , Niu Jiaxing , Li Shichao , Nie Baisheng
Published: November 2020

Four coals samples at different ranks were analyzed by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and solid-state13C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). The calculated coal molecular model was constructed according to the experimental data. The mode of evolution of four coal molecules with different metamorphic degrees was explored. The results indicate that the nanostructures of these four coal molecules mainly consist of aromatic structures, aliphatic structures and oxygen-containing functional groups. The coal metamorphic degree is the most important factor affecting the evolution of the coal molecular nanostructure. By increasing the coal rank, the aromatic carbon content and aromatic system increase, while the aliphatic carbon content and aliphatic system decrease, and the species and content of oxygen containing functional groups are also reduced. During the evolution of the molecular microcrystalline structure, the degree of vertical order of the aromatic structural unit, the flatness of the aromatic structural unit (La), the average crystallite stacking height (Lc), and the average number of crystallites in a stack (n) increase, while the interlayer distance between aromatic sheets (d002) decreases; the short-range ordering of the coal structure is mainly caused by changes in the orientational arrangement from intramolecular aromatic layers to intermolecular aromatic layers when low-rank coal molecules evolve to high rank coal molecules. The structural evolution mechanism of coal molecules of different ranks has been revealed through the analysis of the mode of evolution of the molecular structure the coal. This study enables us to better understand the nanostructure evolution mechanism of coal molecules at different ranks.
Nanopore Structure of Different Rank Coals and Its Quantitative Characterization
Authors: Li Xiangchun , Li Zhongbei , Zhang Fan , Zhang Qi , Nie Baisheng , Meng Yangyang
Published: November 2020

Based on gas adsorption theory, high-pressure mercury intrusion (HPMI), low-temperature liquid nitrogen gas adsorption (LT-N2GA), CO2 adsorption, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and small-angle X-ray scattering
(SAXS) techniques were used to analyze the pore structures of six coal samples with different metamorphisms in terms of pore volume, specific surface area (SSA), pore size distribution (PSD) and pore shape. Combined with the gas adsorption constant a, the influence and mechanism of the pore
structure of different coal ranks on gas adsorption capacity were analyzed. The results show that there are obvious differences in the pore structure of coals with different ranks, which leads to different adsorption capacities. To a large extent, the pore shapes observed by SEM are consistent
with the LT-N2GA isotherm analysis. The pore morphology of coal samples with different ranks is very different, indicating the heterogeneity among the coal surfaces. Adsorption analysis revealed that mesopore size distributions are multimodal and that the pore volume is mainly composed
of mesopores of 2–15 nm. The adsorption capacity of the coal body micropores depends on the 0.6–0.9 nm and 1.5–2.0 nm aperture sections. The influence of coal rank on gas desorption and diffusion is mainly related to the difference in pore structure. The medium metamorphic
coal sample spectra show that the number of peaks in the high-wavenumber segment is small and that it is greater in the high metamorphic coal. The absorption intensity of the C–H stretching vibration peak of naphthenic or aliphatic hydrocarbons varies significantly among the coal samples.
Over a small range of angles, as the scattering angle increases, the scattering intensity of each coal sample gradually decreases, and as the degree of metamorphism increases, the scattering intensity gradually increases. That is, the degree of metamorphism of coal samples is directly proportional
to the scattering intensity. The influence of coal rank on gas adsorption capacity is mainly related to the difference in pore structure. The gas adsorption capacity shows an asymmetric U-shaped relationship with coal rank. For higher rank coals (Vdaf < 15%), the gas adsorption
consistently decreases significantly with increasing Vdaf. In the middle and low rank coal stages (Vdaf > 15%), it increases slowly with the increase of Vdaf. We believe that the results of this study will provide a theoretical basis
and practical reference value for effectively evaluating coal-rock gas storage capacity, revealing the law of CBM enrichment and the development and utilization of CBM resources.