bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Disclosing proteins in the leaves of cork oak plants associated with the immune response to Phytophthora cinnamomi inoculation in the roots: A long-term proteomics approach
Authors: Coelho Ana Cristina , Pires Rosa , Schütz Gabriela , Santa Cátia , Manadas Bruno , Pinto Patrícia
Published: January 2021

The pathological interaction between oak trees and Phytophthora cinnamomi has implications in the cork oak decline observed over the last decades in the Iberian Peninsula. During host colonization, the phytopathogen secretes effector molecules like elicitins to increase disease effectiveness. The objective of this study was to unravel the proteome changes associated with the cork oak immune response triggered by P. cinnamomi inoculation in a long-term assay, through SWATH-MS quantitative proteomics performed in the oak leaves. Using the Arabidopis proteome database as a reference, 424 proteins were confidently quantified in cork oak leaves, of which 80 proteins showed a p-value below 0.05 or a fold-change greater than 2 or less than 0.5 in their levels between inoculated and control samples being considered as altered. The inoculation of cork oak roots with P. cinnamomi increased the levels of proteins associated with protein-DNA complex assembly, lipid oxidation, response to endoplasmic reticulum stress, and pyridine-containing compound metabolic process in the leaves. In opposition, several proteins associated with cellular metabolic compound salvage and monosaccharide catabolic process had significantly decreased abundances. The most significant abundance variations were observed for the Ribulose 1,5-Bisphosphate Carboxylase small subunit (RBCS1A), Heat Shock protein 90–1 (Hsp90-1), Lipoxygenase 2 (LOX2) and Histone superfamily protein H3.3 (A8MRLO/At4G40030) revealing a pertinent role for these proteins in the host-pathogen interaction mechanism. This work represents the first SWATH-MS analysis performed in cork oak plants inoculated with P. cinnamomi and highlights host proteins that have a relevant action in the homeostatic states that emerge from the interaction between the oomycete and the host in the long term and in a distal organ.
Seroprevalence of brucellosis in small ruminants and related risk behaviours among humans in different husbandry systems in Mali
Authors: Traoré Souleymane , Yapi Richard B. , Coulibaly Kadiatou , Mathew Coletha , Fokou Gilbert , Kazwala Rudovick R. , Bonfoh Bassirou , Alambedji Rianatou Bada
Published: January 2021

Mali has a high pastoral potential with diverse coexisting production systems ranging from traditional (nomadic, transhumant, sedentary) to commercial (fattening and dairy production) production systems. Each of those systems is characterised by close interactions between animals and humans, increasing the potential risk of transmission of zoonotic diseases. The nature of contact network suggests that the risks may vary according to species, production systems and behaviors. However, the study of the link between small ruminants and zoonotic diseases has received limited attention in Mali. The objective of this study was to assess brucellosis seroprevalence and determine how the husbandry systems and human behaviour expose animal and human to infection risk. A cross-sectional study using cluster sampling was conducted in three regions in Mali. Blood was collected from 860 small ruminants. The sera obtained were analysed using both Rose Bengal and cELISA tests. In addition, 119 farmers were interviewed using a structured questionnaire in order to identify the characteristics of farms as well as the risk behaviors of respondents. Husbandry systems were dominated by agro-pastoral systems followed by pastoral systems. The commercial farms (peri-urban and urban) represent a small proportion. Small ruminant individual seroprevalence was 4.1% [2.8–5.6% (95% CI)]. Herd seroprevalence was estimated at 25.2% [17.7–33.9% (95% CI)]. Peri-urban farming system was more affected with seroprevalence of 38.1% [18.1–61.5 (95% CI)], followed by pastoral farming system (24.3% [11.7–41.2 (95% CI)]). Identified risk behaviors of brucellosis transmission to animals were: exchange of reproductive males (30.2%); improper disposal of placentas in the farms (31.1%); and keeping aborted females in the herd (69.7%). For humans, risk factors were: close and prolonged contact with animals (51.2%); consumption of unpasteurized dairy products (26.9%); and assisting female animals during delivery without any protection (40.3%). This study observed a high seroprevalence of brucellosis in small ruminants and also identified risky practices that allow cross transmission between the two populations. This calls for control strategy using a multi-sectoral and multidimensional approach.
MinION Nanopore-based detection of Clavibacter nebraskensis, the corn Goss’s wilt pathogen, and bacteriomic profiling of necrotic lesions of naturally-infected leaf samples
Authors: Xu Renlin , Adam Lorne , Chapados Julie , Soliman Atta , Daayf Fouad , Tambong James T.
Published: January 2021

The Goss’s bacterial wilt pathogen,Clavibacter nebraskensis, of corn is a candidate A1 quarantine organism; and its recent re-emergence and spread in the USA and Canada is a potential biothreat to the crop. We developed and tested an amplicon-based Nanopore detection system forC.nebraskensis(Cn), targeting a purine permease gene. The sensitivity (1 pg) of this system in mock bacterial communities (MBCs) spiked with serially diluted DNA ofC.nebraskensisNCPPB 2581Tis comparable to that of real-time PCR. Average Nanopore reads increased exponentially from 125 (1pg) to about 6000 reads (1000 pg) after a 3-hr run-time, with 99.0% of the reads accurately assigned toC.nebraskensis. Three run-times were used to process control MBCs, Cn-spiked MBCs, diseased and healthy leaf samples. The mean Nanopore reads doubled as the run-time is increased from 3 to 6 hrs while from 6 to 12 hrs, a 20% increment was recorded in all treatments. Cn-spiked MBCs and diseased corn leaf samples averaged read counts of 5,100, 11,000 and 14,000 for the respective run-times, with 99.8% of the reads taxonomically identified asC.nebraskensis. The control MBCs and healthy leaf samples had 47 and 14 Nanopore reads, respectively. 16S rRNA bacteriomic profiles showed thatSphingomonas(22.7%) andClavibacter(21.2%) were dominant in diseased samples whilePseudomonashad only 3.5% relative abundance. In non-symptomatic leaf samples, however,Pseudomonas(20.0%) was dominant withClavibacterat 0.08% relative abundance. This discrepancy inPseudomonasabundance in the samples was corroborated by qPCR using EvaGreen chemistry. Our work outlines a new useful tool for diagnosis of the Goss’s bacterial wilt disease; and provides the first insight onPseudomonascommunity dynamics in necrotic leaf lesions.
Does agricultural cooperative membership impact technical efficiency of maize production in Nigeria: An analysis correcting for biases from observed and unobserved attributes
Authors: Olagunju Kehinde Oluseyi , Ogunniyi Adebayo Isaiah , Oyetunde-Usman Zainab , Omotayo Abiodun Olusola , Awotide Bola Amoke
Published: January 2021

The formation of agricultural cooperatives has been widely promoted as an agricultural development policy initiative to help smallholder farmers cope with multiple production and marketing challenges. Using a nationally representative survey dataset of smallholder maize producers from rural Nigeria, this study assesses the impact of agricultural cooperative membership on technical efficiency (TE). We based our estimation approach on the combination of a newly developed sample selection stochastic production frontier model with propensity score matching to control for possible selectivity biases from both observables and unobservables. We estimate stochastic meta-frontiers to examine TE differences between cooperative members and non-members. Our results reveal that TE levels of members are consistently higher than that of non-members. This calls for continued policy incentives targeted at encouraging farmers to form as well as participate in agricultural cooperatives.
Perceptions, symptoms, and practices of electronic cigarette users: Descriptive analysis and validation of Arabic short form vaping consequences questionnaire
Authors: Karasneh Reema , Al-Azzam Sayer , Nusair Mohammad , Hawamdeh Sahar
Published: January 2021

Background

E-cigarette (EC) use is increasing worldwide. Understanding the practices and perceptions of e-cigarette users and profiling the symptoms they experience is essential for regulating the use of such products. This study aims to investigate the practices and perceptions of e-cigarette users in Jordan and examine the symptoms (e.g. respiratory) they associate with e-cigarette use.

Methods

A cross-sectional online survey was conducted to assess EC use and tobacco smoking behaviors and the corresponding health symptoms among EC users in Jordan. EC use expectancies were also assessed using the Short Form Vaping Consequences Questionnaire, which was first translated into Arabic and tested for validity and reliability.

Results

Out of the 400 EC users surveyed, 95.5% were male, 76.2% used nicotine-containing juice, and 56.8% were concurrent tobacco smokers. Further, the participants had a mean age of 28.9 years (±10.2). Among dual EC/cigarette users, 88.6% reported that they tried to quit cigarette smoking, with e-cigarette use being the most commonly tried method of smoking cessation. The smoking-related symptoms reported by regular cigarette smokers mainly included sputum production (77.5%). The participants reported that using e-cigarettes instead of tobacco cigarettes had led to improvements in their sputum production (60.8%), breathing (59%), and general wellbeing (52%). Pleasant taste, enjoyable taste sensation, and flavor were significantly stronger (P-value < 0.05) among e-cigarette users compared to dual users. Dual EC/cigarette users reported stronger perceptions in the negative consequences scale, particularly with regards to the hazardous effects of smoking on health (P-value < 0.05).

Conclusion

Dual daily use of e-cigarettes and regular cigarettes is a common practice among EC users. We recommend that further research is conducted on dual EC/cigarette use and the potential health risks this may have (e.g. higher nicotine intake as compared to the single use of either products).
Surgical site peptidylarginine deaminase 4 (PAD4), a biomarker of NETosis, correlates with insulin resistance in total joint arthroplasty patients: A preliminary report
Authors: Martins Vitor F. , Dobson Christopher R. , Begur Maedha , Parekh Jesal , Ball Scott T. , Gonzalez Francis , Hughes-Austin Jan M. , Schenk Simon
Published: January 2021

While obesity and insulin resistance are known risk factors for wound complications after total joint arthroplasty (TJA), the biologic causes remain to be elucidated. Recently, neutrophil extracellular trap formation (NETosis) was identified as a mediator of delayed wound healing in insulin resistant states. Herein, we explored the relationship between obesity, insulin resistance and biomarkers of NET formation in TJA subjects. We enrolled 14 obese (body mass index [BMI]≥30 kg/m2), and 15 lean (BMI<30 kg/m2) subjects undergoing primary knee or hip TJA. On the day of surgery, skeletal muscle proximal to the operated joint and plasma were collected. Protein abundance of NETosis biomarkers, peptidylarginine deaminase 4 (PAD4) and neutrophil elastase (NE) were assessed in skeletal muscle by immunoblotting and metabolic parameters (glucose, insulin, triglycerides, free fatty acids) and cell-free double-stranded DNA (cf-dsDNA) were assessed in plasma and were correlated with obesity and insulin resistance (as measured by the homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance). When comparing lean and obese subjects, there were no significant differences in plasma cf-dsDNA or skeletal muscle NE or PAD4 abundance. In contrast, skeletal muscle PAD4 abundance, but not NE or plasma cf-dsDNA, was positively correlated with insulin resistance. Compared to insulin sensitive subjects, insulin resistant TJA subjects have higher expression of PAD4 at the surgical site and therefore may have higher rates of NET formation, which may lead to delayed surgical site wound healing.
Safety of research bronchoscopy with BAL in stable adult patients with cystic fibrosis
Authors: Aridgides Daniel , Dessaint John , Atkins Graham , Carroll James , Ashare Alix
Published: January 2021

Data on adverse events from research bronchoscopy with bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) is lacking. As research bronchoscopy with BAL is useful for isolation of immune cells and investigation of CF lung microbiome, we sought to investigate the safety of bronchoscopy in adult patients with CF. Between November 2016 and September 2019, we performed research bronchoscopies on CF subjects (32) and control subjects (82). Control subjects were nonsmokers without respiratory disease. CF subjects had mild or moderate obstructive lung disease (FEV1 > 50% predicted) and no evidence of recent CF pulmonary exacerbation. There was no significant difference in the age or sex of each cohort. Neither group experienced life threatening adverse events. The number of adverse events was similar between CF and control subjects. The most common adverse events were sore throat and cough, which occurred at similar frequencies in control and CF subjects. Fever and headache occurred more frequently in CF subjects. However, the majority of fevers were seen in CF subjects with FEV1 values below 65% predicted. We found that CF subjects had similar adverse event profiles following research bronchoscopy compared to healthy subjects. While CF subjects had a higher rate of fevers, this adverse event occurred with greater frequency in CF subjects with lower FEV1. Our data demonstrate that research bronchoscopy with BAL is safe in CF subjects and that safety profile is improved if bronchoscopies are limited to subjects with an FEV1 > 65% predicted.
Malaria and intestinal parasite co-infection and its association with anaemia among people living with HIV in Buea, Southwest Cameroon: A community-based retrospective cohort study
Authors: Mekachie Sandie Sorelle , Sumbele Irene Ule Ngole , Tasah Martin Mih , Kimbi Helen Kuokuo
Published: January 2021

Background

Both malaria and intestinal parasites are endemic in Cameroon, and their co-infection can be of great impact on anaemia among people living with HIV (PLWH). This community-based retrospective cohort study determined the prevalence and association of infections with anaemia in PLWH and HIV-negative individuals in Buea, Cameroon from March to August 2019.

Methods

The study population comprised of 190 PLWH and 216 consenting HIV-negative individuals from the Buea community. Participants were examined clinically, the collected blood sample was used for malaria parasite (MP) detection, HIV diagnosis and haemoglobin (Hb) measurement while stool samples were examined for the detection of intestinal parasites (IPs). Proportions were compared using Pearson’s Chi-square test and association of anaemia with independent variables was evaluated using logistic regression analysis.

Results

Out of the 406 participants, MP, IPs and MP/IP co-infection prevalences were 15.5%, 13.0% and 3.0% respectively. PLWH had a higher prevalence of MP (16.3%, P = 0.17), IPs (23.7%, P ˂ 0.001) and MP/IPs co-infection (3.7%, P = 0.04) when compared with HIV-negative participants. Similarly, PLWH had significantly lower mean haemoglobin value (11.10 ± 1.54 g/dL) than their HIV-negative counterparts (12.45 ± 2.06 g/dL). Also, PLWH co-infected with MP and IPs were observed to have a significantly lower mean haemoglobin value (10.6 ± 1.21 g/dL). PLWH had a significantly (P ˂ 0.001) higher prevalence of mild (56.8%), moderate (18.4%) and severe (1.6%) anaemia when compared with HIV-negative counterparts. The significant risk factors associated with anaemia included being febrile (P = 0.03), MP-infected only (P = 0.001), HIV-infected only (P < 0.001), having dual (P < 0.001) or triple-infections (P = 0.03).

Conclusion

Malaria and intestinal parasites remain public health concerns among PLWH and anaemia as a serious haematological abnormality gets exacerbated even with the viral load suppression. Hence, routine medical check-ups among PLWH are recommended.
The effect of evocalcet on vagus nerve activity of the gastrointestinal tract in miniature pigs
Authors: Tokunaga Shin , Kawata Takehisa
Published: January 2021

Evocalcet is a novel calcimimetic agent with fewer gastrointestinal (GI) adverse effects compared to cinacalcet. Although it is thought that cinacalcet induces GI side effects through the direct stimulation of the calcium receptor (CaR) expressed in the GI tract, the differences in the direct stimulatory effects of these two drugs on the GI tract have not been reported. In this study, we analyzed the difference in the GI effects of these two calcimimetic agents using miniature pigs by detecting vagus nerve stimulation after oral administration of the agents. Although cinacalcet induced vomiting in miniature pigs, evocalcet never induced emetic symptoms. A significant increase in the vagus nerve action potentials was observed after the administration of cinacalcet. Although the increase of that after the administration of evocalcet was mild and not significant in comparison to that in the vehicle group, it was not significantly different from the vagus nerve action potentials after cinacalcet treatment.
Social media exposure, risk perception, preventive behaviors and attitudes during the COVID-19 epidemic in La Paz, Bolivia: A cross sectional study
Authors: Zeballos Rivas Diana Reyna , Lopez Jaldin Marinalda Lidia , Nina Canaviri Blanca , Portugal Escalante Luisa Fabiola , Alanes Fernández Angela M. C. , Aguilar Ticona Juan Pablo
Published: January 2021

Social media has an important role in diffusion of information, during COVID-19 pandemic it could help to promote preventive behaviors, however its role and the pathway is still unclear.

Objective

To investigate the association among social media exposure, risk perception, preventive behaviors, and attitudes toward the COVID-19 epidemic in Bolivia.

Methods

We launched an online survey in La Paz and El Alto, Bolivia, during April and May 2020. The questionnaire examined: Socio-demographic factors, Social media use, Risk Perception, Preventive behaviors, attitudes and the willingness to use a vaccine if it were available in the context of the COVID-19 epidemic. A logistic regression was used to evaluate factors associated with risk perception and a structural equation model (SEM) was performed to explore the pathway of the relationship among social media exposure, risk perception and preventive behaviors and attitudes.

Results

Among 886 participants, the most were young adults, between 18–25 years old (73.4%) and 577 (65.1%) were female. During the the week before the survey 387 (43.7%) reported be exposure to social media Covid-19 information almost always or always. Moreover 304 (34.3%) were categorized as with a high risk perception. The multivariable analyses show that being female (aOR = 1.5, CI 95% 1.1–2.1) and having high exposure to Covid-19 information on social media (aOR = 2.5, CI 95% 1.3–5.3) were associated with a higher risk perception for Covid-19. Furthermore, SEM results indicated that risk perception is associated with the adoption of preventive behaviors and attitudes (β = 0.605, p < 0.001) including the acceptance of a vaccine if one were available (β = 0.388, p < 0.001).

Conclusion

Social media exposure to COVID-19 information influences the adoption of preventive attitudes and behaviors through shaping risk perception. Understanding the role of social media during the pandemic could help policymakers and communicators to develop better communication strategies that enable the population to adopt appropriate attitudes and behaviors.
Early prognostic performance of miR155-5p monitoring for the risk of rejection: Logistic regression with a population pharmacokinetic approach in adult kidney transplant patients
Authors: Quintairos Luis , Colom Helena , Millán Olga , Fortuna Virginia , Espinosa Cristina , Guirado Lluis , Budde Klemens , Sommerer Claudia , Lizana Ana , López-Púa Yolanda , Brunet Mercè
Published: January 2021

Previous results from our group and others have shown that urinary pellet expression of miR155-5p and urinary CXCL-10 production could play a key role in the prognosis and diagnosis of acute rejection (AR) in kidney transplantation patients. Here, a logistic regression model was developed using NONMEM to quantify the relationships of miR155-5p urinary expression, CXCL-10 urinary concentration and tacrolimus and mycophenolic acid (MPA) exposure with the probability of AR in adult kidney transplant patients during the early post-transplant period. Owing to the contribution of therapeutic drug monitoring to achieving target exposure, neither tacrolimus nor MPA cumulative exposure was identified as a predictor of AR in the studied population. Even though CXCL-10 urinary concentration showed a trend, its effect on AR was not significant. In contrast, urinary miR155-5p expression was prognostic of clinical outcome. Monitoring miR155-5p urinary pellet expression together with immunosuppressive drug exposure could be very useful during routine clinical practice to identify patients with a potential high risk of rejection at the early stages of the post-transplant period. This early risk assessment would allow for the optimization of treatment and improved prevention of AR.
Isomorphic decisional biases across perceptual tasks
Authors: Treviño Mario , Castiello Santiago , Arias-Carrión Oscar , De la Torre-Valdovinos Braniff , Coss y León Ricardo Medina
Published: January 2021

Humans adjust their behavioral strategies to maximize rewards. However, in the laboratory, human decisional biases exist and persist in two alternative tasks, even when this behavior leads to a loss in utilities. Such biases constitute the tendency to choose one action over others and emerge from a combination of external and internal factors that are specific for each individual. Here, we explored the idea that internally-mediated decisional biases should stably occur and, hence, be reflected across multiple behavioral tasks. Our experimental results confirm this notion and illustrate how participants exhibited similar choice biases across days and tasks. Moreover, we show how side-choice behavior in a two alternative choice task served to identify participants, suggesting that individual traits could underlie these choice biases. The tasks and analytic tools developed for this study should become instrumental in exploring the interaction between internal and external factors that contribute to decisional biases. They could also serve to detect psychopathologies that involve aberrant levels of choice variability.
How maternity waiting home use influences attendance of antenatal and postnatal care
Authors: Buser Julie M. , Munro-Kramer Michelle L. , Veliz Philip T. , Zhang Xingyu , Lockhart Nancy , Biemba Godfrey , Ngoma Thandiwe , Scott Nancy , Lori Jody R.
Published: January 2021

As highlighted in the International Year of the Nurse and the Midwife, access to quality nursing and midwifery care is essential to promote maternal-newborn health and improve survival. One intervention aimed at improving maternal-newborn health and reducing underutilization of pregnancy services is the construction of maternity waiting homes (MWHs). The purpose of this study was to assess whether there was a significant change in antenatal care (ANC) and postnatal care (PNC) attendance, family planning use, and vaccination rates before and after implementation of the Core MWH Model in rural Zambia. A quasi-experimental controlled before-and-after design was used to evaluate the impact of the Core MWH Model by assessing associations between ANC and PNC attendance, family planning use, and vaccination rates for mothers who gave birth to a child in the past 13 months. Twenty health care facilities received the Core MWH Model and 20 were identified as comparison facilities. Before-and-after community surveys were carried out. Multivariable logistic regression were used to assess the association between Core MWH Model use and ANC and PNC attendance. The total sample includes 4711 mothers. Mothers who used the Core MWH Model had better ANC and PNC attendance, family planning use, and vaccination rates than mothers who did not use a MWH. All mothers appeared to fare better across these outcomes at endline. We found an association between Core MWH Model use and better ANC and PNC attendance, family planning use, and newborn vaccination outcomes. Maternity waiting homes may serve as a catalyst to improve use of facility services for vulnerable mothers.
Mérés és értékelés a számvitelben (Measurement and evaluation in the accounting)
Authors: Kovács Dániel Máté
Published: January 2021

A cikk kiindulópontja az a tény, hogy a számvitel, azon belül is a pénzügyi beszámolás alapvető feladata döntésekhez hasznosítható információk nyújtása a vállalkozásokkal kapcsolatba kerülő érintettek számára. A gazdasági jelenségek leképezése, számviteli transzformációja során létrejövő adatok információként való hasznosításának feltétele, hogy a pénzügyi kimutatások felhasználói tisztában legyenek a leképezés mögöttes feltételezéseivel. A cikk első része a mérés általános definíciójából kiindulva mutatja be a számviteli mérés és értékelés fogalmát, ezek összefüggését, alapvető jellemzőit. Ezt követően a pénzügyi beszámolásban jelenleg érvényesülő értékelési keretrendszert vázolja fel a nemzetközi (IFRS), illetve a magyar szabályozásból kiindulva. A cikk harmadik része a szabályozás mögött meghúzódó elméleti összefüggéseket vizsgálja, kitérve a számviteli mérés és a pénzügyi teljesítmény (jövedelem) kapcsolatára, valamint bemutatja és értékeli a számviteli méréssel kapcsolatos főbb kritikákat. ____ One of the central problems of accounting theory and accounting regulation is accounting valuation, accounting as a value assignment aspect of the representation of economic phenomena. The first part of the article, setting out from the general concept of measurement, introduces the concepts of measurement and valuation as applied in accounting, describing their interconnections and basic characteristics. Following this, based on the international (IFRS) and Hungarian regulations, the paper sketches the current valuation framework used in financial reporting. The third part of the article analyses the theoretical background of the effective regulation, while also covering the connection of accounting measurement and financial performance (income), and finally it presents and evaluates the main elements of criticism concerning measurement in accounting.
Educação ambiental dialógico-problematizadora: uma análise do processo de empowerment de alunos jovens e adultos da casa-escola da pesca
Authors: Silva Lucicleia Pereira , Saito Carlos Hiroo
Published: January 2021

Neste artigo apresentamos uma análise sobre o processo de empowerment promovido com alunos jovens e adultos da Casa-Escola da Pesca por meio de ações de educação ambiental desenvolvidas em parceria com o Ecomuseu da Amazônia a partir de conflitos socioambientais relacionados à pesca artesanal. Realizamos entrevista com a Coordenadora Pedagógica da escola versando sobre alguns indicadores individuais e coletivos de empowerment construídos pelos alunos. Foi avaliado o desempenho dos mesmos durante exposição de trabalhos orientados pela equipe na III Mostra de Saberes, Fazeres e Sabores do Pescado. Os resultados alcançados indicaram a ocorrência de empowerment relacionados a conscientização e criticidade manifestada pelos participantes.
arguição de descumprimento de preceito fundamental (ADPF) 708/DF e o questionamento da gestão governamental relativamente ao Fundo Nacional sobre mudança do clima (Fundo Clima):
Authors: Dos Santos Moura Vanessa , De Freitas José Vicente
Published: January 2021

O presente estudo versa sobre o tema das mudanças climáticas e sobre a temática das litigâncias climáticas no Supremo Tribunal Federal. O objetivo geral consiste em apresentar um panorama, à luz da Educação Ambiental Crítica, da audiência pública convocada pelo Ministro Luís Roberto Barroso nos autos da ADPF 708/DF – ação ajuizada pelos partidos políticos PSB, PSOL, PT e REDE em face da União e em que questionaram a gestão governamental relativamente ao Fundo Nacional Sobre Mudança do Clima. A audiência pública em sede de controle de constitucionalidade concentrado revelou-se um importante instrumento democrático, mas sua estrutura é incompatível com a epistemologia da Educação Ambiental Crítica pois não propicia a emancipação dos sujeitos.
Mulheres, clima e agenda 2030
Authors: Hidalgo Munhoz Rachel Aline , Ruiz Goulart Ana Lúcia , Santana dos Santos Rita Silvana
Published: January 2021

este artigo apresenta a interpretação de fotografias como fonte de pesquisa para dialogar com mulheres em suas realidades, compondo tais linguagens com atenta escuta de suas histórias de vida, antes e depois do ato fotográfico. Junto à pesquisa e argumentação, com base nos princípios para territorialização da Agenda 2030, concluiu-se que as identidades reveladas por uma câmera, e pela subjetividade das autoras, produziu singularidades entre duas mulheres agricultoras na Ilha do leonídio, em rio grande-rs, que também são produzidas em outras localidades, frente aos impactos ambientais.
Contar histórias de dunas na escola: o litoral e as mudanças ambientais
Authors: Gaspar de Freitas Joana
Published: January 2021

Na Faculdade de Letras da Universidade de Lisboa, uma equipa interdisciplinar está a desenvolver um projeto europeu sobre dunas costeiras. Estes ambientes vistos geralmente como simples “montes de areias” são ecossistemas importantíssimos na dinâmica litoral e têm muitas histórias para contar. Com o objetivo de contribuir para a disseminação da ciência e fomentar a educação ambiental, foi proposto aos professores de uma turma do ensino básico a realização de um trabalho conjunto, para abordar o tema das dunas e desenvolver conteúdos que permitam a sua divulgação nas escolas. O que se apresenta neste artigo é justificação dessa proposta e os materiais que vão ser trabalhados. Espera-se que a experiência, depois de testada, possa ser replicada com outras turmas e grupos etários.

At the School of Arts and Humanities of the University of Lisbon (Portugal), an interdisciplinary team is developing a European project on coastal sand dunes. These environments usually seen as simple “piles of sand” are very important coastal ecosystems and have many stories to tell. In order to foster science dissemination and environmental education, it was proposed to the teachers of a high school class to work together with researchers to develop content that allows the diffusion of dunes literacy at schools. This article presents the justification of this proposal and the materials that will be worked. This experience, once tested, is expected to be replicated with other classes and age groups.
Fault Tolerant Traffic Control System Based on Multiobjective Optimization
Authors: Cieślewicz Dobrosław
Published: January 2021

The mathematical model is a simplified representation of certain phenomena, which takes into account only the essential features. Nowadays, congested road infrastructures are becoming a growing problem, especially in larger urban centres. This problem can be somewhat reduced by using advanced control algorithms. This article attempts to control the traffic flow on a macroscopic scale. For this purpose, a discrete, nonlinear mathematical model was adopted. Using the MATLAB programming environment, a control system for a small communication network was developed and optimised. Then, assuming a sample scenario, simulation studies were conducted for this network.
Uncertainty of Measurement in the Linear Regression Method Part 2. Uncertainty Bands of the Regression Straight-Line for the Correlated Data of Y Variable
Authors: Warsza Zygmunt , Puchalski Jacek
Published: January 2021

This is the continuation of authors’ works on the description of the accuracy of various straight-line cases determined from the results of linear regression measurements. In the first work, the essence, criteria and dependencies of the regression method were examined, as well as simulated examples of determining simple uncertainty bands fitted to measured points with uncorrelated ordinates. The GUM Guide was referred to and the B type uncertainty not discussed yet in the literature about the application of the regression method in measurements was taken into account. This work discusses determining the equation of a simple regression and its uncertainty bands from measuring points with ordinates with autocorrelation. This is illustrated by examples with precisely known abscissa and ordinates with different correlation variants, and absolute and relative uncertainty types A and B. Proposed is the extended method for assessing the accuracy of simple regression takes into account both the correlation of the Y variable data and the impact of type B uncertainty in routine measurements.
Temperature Course of the Lead-Free Soldering Profile and the Study of the Influence of Ambient Temperature in its Individual Phases
Authors: Witkowski Piotr
Published: January 2021

The paper discusses the concept of soldering profile and its phases and examines the influence of ambient temperature on its workability. The author carried out an experiment on two identical PCBs at different room temperatures, observing the temperature waveforms for individual soldering phases.
Nerds, Goths, Geeks, and Freaks
Authors: McCall Guadalupe García
Published: January 2021

Nerds, Goths, Geeks, and Freaks: Outsiders in Chicanx/Latinx Young Adult Literature signals a much-needed approach to the study of Latinx young adult literature. This edited volume addresses themes of outsiders in Chicanx/Latinx children’s and young adult literature. The collection insists that to understand Latinx youth identities, it is necessary to shed light on outsiders within an already marginalized ethnic group: nerds, goths, geeks, freaks, and others who might not fit within Latinx popular cultural paradigms such as the chola and cholo, identities that are ever-present in films, television, and the Internet. In Nerds, Goths, Geeks, and Freaks, the through-line of being an outsider intersects with discussions of race, ethnicity, gender, and sexuality. The volume addresses the following questions. What constitutes “outsider” identities? In what ways are these “outsider” identities shaped by mainstream myths around Latinx young people, particularly with the common stereotype of the struggling, underachieving inner city Latinx teen? How do these young adults reclaim what it means to be an “outsider,” “weirdo,” “nerd,” or “goth,” and how can the reclamation of these marginalized identities expand much-needed conversations around authenticity and narrow understandings of what constitutes Latinx identity? How does Chicanx/Latinx children’s and YA literature represent, challenge, question, or expand discussions surrounding identities that have been deemed outsiders/outliers?
Four Ways to (Re)consider Facilitating Discussions on Race and Social Justice
Authors: Swindall Lindsey R.
Published: January 2021

The year 2020 has offered an important opportunity to continue the important work of building anti-racist institutions.  Community discussion is often challenging but is a vital part of building new institutions that are grounded in love and nonviolence.  Drawing on years of experience facilitating discussions, this article offers suggestions for building trust, dealing with the consequences of the “poisoned well,” creating a pedagogy of listening, and understanding mistakes.  Fostering authentic exchanges through dialogue is not easy work but it is essential to, in the words of John Lewis, “redeem the soul of America.”
When Women Lost the Vote: A Revolutionary Story, 1776 – 1807
Authors: Levin Carol Simon
Published: January 2021

When Women Lost the Vote: A Revolutionary Story, 1776 – 1807, reviewed by Carol Simon Levin
Misadventures in Archaeology: The Life and Career of Charles Conrad Abbott
Authors: Means Bernard K.
Published: January 2021

Misadventures in Archaeology: The Life and Career of Charles Conrad Abbott reviewed by Dr. Bernard K. Means
“Doing Their Bit”: The USO in New Jersey During World War II
Authors: Chappine Patricia
Published: January 2021

The participation of NJ women during World War II encompassed a wide array of new challenges and responsibilities. Not only were women moving into newly opened employment opportunities, but they also joined military branches, worked for the defense industry, and even played professional baseball. However, paid positions were only part of the story. Volunteerism was a significant, even integral part of the war effort, both on the home front and abroad. For women who volunteered as hostesses, the USO upheld feminine ideals of emotional labor and caregiving, emphasizing the activities that prepared young women to be wives and mothers.  The ideological safety of USO work during WWII has served as a barrier to comprehensive academic consideration of their contributions on a national, regional, and local level. Demographic variations of USO clubs have yet to be analyzed comprehensively on a state-by-state basis. Research on NJ’s USO groups forms a unique narrative of women’s volunteerism and civic engagement, which upheld social constructs of femininity while impacting the war effort, especially the morale of the military, significantly.
Contemporary challenges of agricultural law: among globalisation, regionalisation and locality (introductory considerations)
Authors: Budzinowski Roman
Published: January 2021

The purpose of the reflection is to outline certain topical problems and to provide a framework for discussion. The conclusion that can be subsequently drawn is that among other things, the world (global) challenges facing agriculture and food economy must always be taken into account. In meeting today’s challenges, one cannot ignore the process of globalisation, but reference to locality ought to be made at the same time. The teaching of agricultural law should not only be of local nature, but should also address issues relevant to EU law (regional aspect) or see it in a wider international perspective (global aspect). The research must not be limited to the domestic law of a given country, but must also take into account international agricultural law and EU agricultural law (if viewed from the Polish perspective) as well as the interdependencies and tensions between the phenomena of globalisation, regionalisation and the locality. The same is true of the traditional relationship between agriculture and production, and of new relationships, such as agriculture and the market, agriculture and food, agriculture and the environment, and agriculture and rural areas. Each of them is interesting from a cognitive point of view and, what is more, is important in the practice of lawmaking and its application. It is also obvious that the implementation of contemporary challenges of agricultural law requires undertaking and conducting a comparative research. In order to facilitate such research, international cooperation should be widely developed.
„Agrar- und Umweltrecht”
Authors: Sokołowski Łukasz Mikołaj
Published: January 2021

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„Revista de Derecho Agrario y Alimentario”
Authors: Różański Krzysztof
Published: January 2021

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SPRAWOZDANIA I INFORMACJE. Jubileusz Profesor Teresy Kurowskiej połączony z wręczeniem księgi pamiątkowej „Współczesne problemy prawa rolnego i cywilnego”
Authors: Łobos-Kotowska Dorota
Published: January 2021

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Wpływ rozporządzenia UE nr 2017/2393 na prawną organizację rynku mleka i przetworów mlecznych
Authors: Lipińska Izabela
Published: January 2021

The aim of this article was to answer the question whether and to what extent the amendments to the legal organisation of the milk and milk products market introduced as of 1 January 2018 contribute to improving the lives of milk producers and the development of the market. This refers to certain legal solutions adopted by the EU legislator which aim to strengthen the role of agricultural producers and their organisations in the agri-food supply chain. The amendments to Regulation 1308/2013 have not changed the organisational framework of the market, but addressed basically two issues – the obligation to conclude raw milk delivery contracts and contractual negotiations in this sector. The legal solutions adopted by the legislator are very positive. Written contracts, which are mandatory in many Member States, define and guarantee the producers’ rights and clearly indicate the obligations associated with the production process. In turn, entrusting the role of a negotiator of contract terms to producers’ representatives should be seen as recognition of their significant role in shaping the market in a manner adequate to its needs.
NFDI-Neuro: building a community for neuroscience research data management in Germany
Authors: Wachtler Thomas , Bauer Pavol , Denker Michael , Grün Sonja , Hanke Michael , Klein Jan , Oeltze-Jafra Steffen , Ritter Petra , Rotter Stefan , Scherberger Hansjörg , Stein Alexandra , Witte Otto W.
Published: January 2021

Increasing complexity and volume of research data pose increasing challenges for scientists to manage their data efficiently. At the same time, availability and reuse of research data are becoming more and more important in modern science. The German government has established an initiative to develop research data management (RDM) and to increase accessibility and reusability of research data at the national level, the Nationale Forschungsdateninfrastruktur (NFDI). The NFDI Neuroscience (NFDI-Neuro) consortium aims to represent the neuroscience community in this initiative. Here, we review the needs and challenges in RDM faced by researchers as well as existing and emerging solutions and benefits, and how the NFDI in general and NFDI-Neuro specifically can support a process for making these solutions better available to researchers. To ensure development of sustainable research data management practices, both technical solutions and engagement of the scientific community are essential. NFDI-Neuro is therefore focusing on community building just as much as on improving the accessibility of technical solutions.
Wege zu mehr Zufriedenheit im Flächentarif: Empirische Befunde für die Metall- und Elektro-Industrie
Authors: Schneider Helena
Published: January 2021

As the German collective bargaining coverage continues to decline, calls for governmental measures to stop this development become stronger. However, social partners’ possibilities to strengthen the collective bargaining system themselves are often ignored. To identify possible actions for employer organisations and trade unions, this paper investigates the satisfaction of covered firms with their sector-level agreement in the German metal and electrical industry. The aim is to gain information on factors influencing the satisfaction of covered firms. Based on this information, the social partners can stabilise or even raise the satisfaction of firms covered by the sector-level agreement and thus support the whole system.
Using Polyphosphoric Acid and Sulfur to Improve Storage Stability, Aging, and Rheological Properties of High-Density Polyethylene–Modified Asphalt Binder
Authors: Zarroodi Roozbeh , Naderi Koorosh , Goodarzi Mehdi Moazami , Nazari Hossein , Nejad Fereidoon Moghadas
Published: January 2021

One method for reducing the rutting failure of asphalt pavements is to modify the asphalt binder with polyethylene. However, the instability and phase separation between components has always been a major problem in achieving a homogeneous asphalt binder–polyethylene combination. To improve storage stability, one solution is to use crosslinking agents. In this study, the base asphalt binder was modified by using 3 and 7 % high-density polyethylene (HDPE). Subsequently, 1.5 % polyphosphoric acid (PPA) and 0.5 % sulfur were combined with polymer-modified asphalt binder to improve the stability between asphalt binder and polyethylene as well as reduce phase separation. First, the aging component of the prepared asphalt binder samples was evaluated using the attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectrometer analysis. Then, the storage stability of asphalt binder samples was investigated by the frequency sweep test. The rutting resistance of asphalt binder samples was determined using the multiple stress creep recovery test, and finally, the fatigue performance of the rolling thin-film oven–aged asphalt binder samples was evaluated using the linear amplitude sweep test. The results revealed that, unlike the sulfur additive that did not have any beneficial effect on the HDPE-asphalt binder, the PPA increased the resistance of rutting, fatigue cracking, aging, and storage stability for the HDPE-asphalt binder.
Critical Evaluation of Dynamic Shear Rheometer (DSR)-Based Methods to Measure Asphalt Binder Diffusion
Authors: Ravichandran Mukesh , Castorena Cassie
Published: January 2021

Past studies have proposed various dynamic shear rheometer (DSR)-based procedures to measure diffusion between reclaimed and virgin binders but have noted experimental challenges. Therefore, this study sought to critically evaluate the ability to reliably quantify the rate of diffusion between two binders using the DSR. In these experiments, reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) and virgin binder wafers were conditioned in contact. Oscillatory loading was applied to monitor the time-dependent response of the wafer system and infer blending. Experiments in which samples were conditioned within the DSR and external to the DSR were tried. When samples were conditioned within the DSR at hot-mix asphalt production temperatures, poor stress waveform quality precluded the application of oscillatory loading in the DSR using sufficiently low strain amplitudes to prevent mechanical mixing. The use of relatively large, 50-mm-diameter samples did not alleviate the data quality limitations. When samples were conditioned outside of the DSR, mechanical mixing was induced when the samples were transferred from the conditioning chamber to the DSR, which compromised measurements. In the absence of mechanical mixing, time-dependent blending between binder specimens conditioned in contact in the DSR at 120°C was not observed, which suggests diffusion was minimal. Based on the aforementioned observations, the diffusion rate between RAP and virgin binders could not be quantified using the DSR experiments evaluated in this study. Based on the lack of observed diffusion in the absence of mechanical mixing, it is hypothesized that understanding mechanical mixing is critical to inferring blending in RAP mixtures and thus merits further research.