bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Spontaneous and Induced Oscillations in Confined Epithelia
Authors: Parmar Toshi , Dow Liam P. , Pruitt Beth L. , Marchetti M. Cristina
Published: August 2024

The feedback between mechanical and chemical signals plays a key role in controlling many bisological processes and collective cell behavior. Here we focus on the emergence of spatiotemporal density waves in a one-dimensional “cell train.” Combining a minimal theoretical model with observations in anin vitroexperimental system of MDCK epithelial cells confined to a linear pattern, we examine the spontaneous oscillations driven by the feedback between myosin activation and mechanical deformations and their effect on the response of the tissue to externally applied deformations. We show that the nature and frequency of spontaneous oscillations is controlled by the size of the cell train, with a transition from size-dependent standing waves to intrinsic spontaneous waves at the natural frequency of the tissue. The response to external boundary perturbations exhibit a resonance at this natural frequency, providing a possible venue for inferring the mechanochemical couplings that control the tissue behavior from rheological experiments.
Convergence of orphan quality control pathways at a ubiquitin chain-elongating ligase
Authors: Roas Sara Carrillo , Yagita Yuichi , Murphy Paul , Kurzbauer Robert , Clausen Tim , Zavodszky Eszter , Hegde Ramanujan S.
Published: August 2024

Unassembled and partially assembled subunits of multi-protein complexes have emerged as major quality control clients, particularly under conditions of imbalanced gene expression such as stress, aging, and aneuploidy. The factors and mechanisms that eliminate such orphan subunits to maintain protein homeostasis are incompletely defined. Here, we show that the UBR4-KCMF1 ubiquitin ligase complex is required for efficient degradation of multiple unrelated orphan subunits from the chaperonin, proteasome cap, proteasome core, and a protein targeting complex. Epistasis analysis in cells and reconstitution studiesin vitroshow that the UBR4-KCMF1 complex acts downstream of a priming ubiquitin ligase that first mono-ubiquitinates orphans. UBR4 recognizes both the orphan and its mono-ubiquitin and builds a K48-linked poly-ubiquitin degradation signal. The discovery of a convergence point for multiple quality control pathways may explain why aneuploid cells are especially sensitive to loss of UBR4 or KCMF1 and identifies a potential vulnerability across many cancers.
Exact relations between the conductivities and their connection to the chemical composition of QCD matter
Authors: Fotakis Jan A. , Lohr Jakob E. , Greiner Carsten
Published: August 2024

We present exact relations between the diffusion coefficients or conductivities, κqq′/T=σqq′, of strongly interacting matter. We show that once the diagonal entries are known in two different charge representations, the off-diagonal coefficients are functions of the diagonal entries once isospin symmetry applies. As an important example, we infer the conductivities on the basis of available calculations from lattice quantum chromodynamics and argue that these computations suffer under the approximations made to achieve them. Further, we argue that the representation of the conductivities with respect to the conserved quark flavors may deliver more insight into the chemical composition of strongly interacting matter.

Published by the American Physical Society
2024
Phase space of electron- and muon-neutrino and antineutrino scattering off nuclei
Authors: Martini M. , Ericson M. , Chanfray G.
Published: August 2024

We discuss the electron and muon neutrino and antineutrino double-differential cross sections on carbon in the quasielastic as well as in the multinucleon and one pion production channels. By projecting them in the transferred momentum—transferred energy plane and in the neutrino energy—lepton scattering angle plane, as well as by performing simple considerations on the position of the quasielastic and Delta peaks and on their broadening, we explain the surprising dominance of the muon neutrino and antineutrino cross sections over the electron ones in particular kinematical conditions.

Published by the American Physical Society
2024
Locally scale invariant Chern-Simons actions in
3+1
dimensions and their emergence from (
4+2
)-dimensional
2T
physics
Authors: Bars Itzhak , Singh Sophia D.
Published: August 2024

The traditional Chern-Simons (CS) terms in 3+1 dimensions that modify general relativity (GR), quantum chromodynamics (QCD), and quantum electrodynamics (QED), typically lack scale invariance. However, a locally scale invariant and geodesically complete framework for the Standard Model (SM) coupled to GR was previously constructed by employing a tailored form of local scale (Weyl) symmetry. This refined SM+GR model closely resembles the conventional SM in subatomic realms where gravitational effects are negligible. Nevertheless, it offers an intriguing prediction: the emergence of new physics beyond the traditional SM and GR near spacetime singularities, characterized by intense gravity and substantial deviations in the Higgs field. In this study, we expand upon the enhanced SM+GR by incorporating Weyl invariant CS terms for gravity, QCD, and QED in 3+1 dimensions, thereby integrating CS contributions within the locally scale-invariant and geodesically complete paradigm. Additionally, we establish a holographic correspondence between the new CS terms in 3+1 dimensions and novel (4+2)-dimensional CS-type actions within 2T physics. We demonstrate that the Weyl transformation in 3+1 dimensions arises from 4+2 general coordinate transformations, which unify the hidden extra 1+1 large (not curled up) dimensions with the evident 3+1 dimensions. By leveraging the newfound local conformal symmetry, the augmented and geodesically complete SM+GR+CS introduces innovative tools and perspectives for exploring classical field theory aspects of black hole and cosmological singularities in 3+1 dimensions, while the (4+2)-dimensional connection unveils deeper facets of spacetime.

Published by the American Physical Society
2024
Facile dual-shot measurement of Schmidt number in type-0 and type-2 downconversion
Authors: Bhat Vikas S. , Bajar Kiran , Chatterjee Rounak , Mujumdar Sushil
Published: August 2024

High-dimensional entangled states have now been identified as excellent candidates towards the enhancement of the bandwidth of quantum systems. A variety of methods exist that aim to certify and set the bounds to entanglement. However, rapid and accurate approaches for precise quantification of the dimensions remain a challenge. Here, we report a facile, rapid and robust approach that quantifies a wide range of the spatial dimensions of high-dimensional entangled states using an interferometric technique using only two images. Our process works for a class of pure two-photon states, regardless of its separability and provides a fast and easy way to accurately measure the spatial Schmidt number which is a quantitative measure of dimensionality of entanglement. We apply our method to two-photon states generated by spontaneous parametric down-conversion (SPDC) and show that our results are in excellent agreement with numerical estimates. Since such estimates only exist for collinear phase matching in SPDC crystals, we also derive a noncollinear phase-matching condition applicable for type-2 crystals. In these nonlinear crystals, the commonly applied assumption of degenerate daughter photons no longer holds, leading to deviations from earlier theoretical predictions. Our interferometric technique provides excellent results for both type-0 and type-2 collinear phase-matching conditions, endorsing its wide applicability in quantum photonics.

Published by the American Physical Society
2024
Chaos-assisted turbulence in spinor Bose-Einstein condensates
Authors: Kim Jongmin , Jung Jongheum , Lee Junghoon , Hong Deokhwa , Shin Y.
Published: August 2024

We present a turbulence-sustaining mechanism in a spinor Bose-Einstein condensate, which is based on the chaotic nature of internal spin dynamics. Magnetic driving induces a complete chaotic evolution of the local spin state, thereby continuously randomizing the spin texture of the condensate to maintain the turbulent state. We experimentally demonstrate the onset of turbulence in the driven condensate as the driving frequency changes and show that it is consistent with the regular-to-chaotic transition of the local spin dynamics. This chaos-assisted turbulence establishes the spin-driven spinor condensate as an intriguing platform for exploring quantum chaos and related superfluid turbulence phenomena.

Published by the American Physical Society
2024
Entanglement Dynamics in Monitored Systems and the Role of Quantum Jumps
Authors: Le Gal Youenn , Turkeshi Xhek , Schirò Marco
Published: August 2024

Monitored quantum many-body systems display a rich pattern of entanglement dynamics, which is unique to this nonunitary setting. This work studies the effect of quantum jumps on the entanglement dynamics beyond the no-click limit corresponding to a deterministic non-Hermitian evolution. To this aim, we introduce a new tool that looks at the statistics of entanglement-entropy gain and loss after and in between quantum jumps. This insight allows us to build a simple stochastic model of a random walk with partial resetting, which reproduces the entanglement dynamics, and to dissect the mutual role of jumps and non-Hermitian evolution on the entanglement scaling. We apply these ideas to the study of measurement-induced transitions in monitored fermions. We demonstrate that significant deviations from the no-click limit arise whenever quantum jumps strongly renormalize the non-Hermitian dynamics, as in the case of models with U(1) symmetry at weak monitoring. On the other hand, we show that the weak-monitoring phase of the Ising chain leads to a robust subvolume logarithmic phase due to weakly renormalized non-Hermitian dynamics.

Published by the American Physical Society
2024
New insights into the magnetism and magnetic structure of LuCrO3 perovskite
Authors: Muñoz Angel , Gainza Javier , Zhou Jian-Shi , Martinez José Luis , Céspedes Eva , Fernández-Díaz Maria Teresa , Alonso José Antonio
Published: August 2024

A polycrystalline sample LuCrO3 has been characterized by neutron powder diffraction (NPD) and magnetization measurements. Its crystal structure has been Rietveld refined from NPD data in space group Pnma; this perovskite contains strongly tilted CrO6 octahedra with extremely bent Cr—O—Cr superexchange angles of ∼142°. The NPD data show that below Néel temperature (T
N ≃ 131 K), the magnetic structure can be defined as an A-type antiferromagnetic arrangement of Cr3+ magnetic moments, aligned along the b axis, with a canting along the c axis. A noticeable magnetostrictive effect is observed in the unit-cell parameters and volume upon cooling down across T
N. The AC magnetic susceptibility indicates the onset of magnetic ordering below 112.6 K; the magnetization isotherms below T
N show a nonlinear behaviour that is associated with the described canting of the Cr3+ magnetic moments. From the Curie–Weiss law, the effective moment of the Cr3+ sublattice is found to be μeff = 3.55 μB (calculated 3.7 μB) while the ΘCW parameter yields a value of −155 K, indicating antiferromagnetic interactions. There is a conspicuous increase of T
N upon the application of external pressure, which must be due to shortening of the Cr—O bond length under compression that increases the orbital overlap integral.
The impact of in-feed advertising design features on purchase intention
Authors: Shao Jingbo , Ma Chang , Wang Xinyue
Published: August 2024

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the impact of design features in in-feed advertising on its effectiveness. Previous research on various forms of advertising has demonstrated that design features can influence advertising effectiveness. However, given the distinct presentation mode and content of in-feed advertising compared to traditional forms, it is crucial to examine whether the effects of design features differ for this type of advertising. Through two studies, we examined how five specific design features affect consumers' purchase intention within the context of in-feed advertising. The mediating role of perceived value and the moderating role of product involvement are also proved.

Design/methodology/approach

Using the methods of online survey and online experiment, the author conducted two empirical studies. In study 2, the authors adopted the orthogonal array design to simplify experimental grouping.

Findings

The findings demonstrate that akin to conventional Internet advertising, the informational content, credibility and entertainment value of in-feed advertising exert a positive influence on its efficacy. Notably, the interactive nature of in-feed advertising significantly enhances users' inclination toward making purchases. Conversely, any form of interference can detrimentally impact its utility.

Research limitations/implications

The study demonstrates five design characteristics that may impact the effectiveness of in-feed advertising, expanding the relevant theories about in-feed advertising. At the same time, this study contributes to the understanding of consumer responses to advertising. However, the two studies in this paper are conducted within the framework of WeChat, a popular Chinese social media platform, with the participants consisting exclusively of Chinese users.

Practical implications

Considering the rapid development of in-feed advertising in terms of quantity, content and form, the author believes that the results of this paper can help advertisers in their design thinking. The moderating effect of product involvement can be applied to optimize personalized advertising delivery schemes.

Originality/value

This paper focuses on a practical problem, that is, how to improve the effectiveness of in-feed advertising by modifying advertising design features.
Comparative analysis and optimization design of dual-side-permanent-magnet Halbach array vernier machine for high torque density
Authors: Cheng He , Lin Fandi , Wu Jing , Zhang Tong
Published: August 2024

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to introduce and analyze a dual-side-permanent-magnet Halbach array vernier (DSPMHV) machine and to propose methods for achieving high torque density.

Design/methodology/approach

Flux harmonics and torque characteristics are analyzed by using finite element analysis. First, a suitable pole-slot combination is selected by comparison. Second, field modulation processes of DSPMHV machine are analyzed to identify the reason for high torque density. And it is compared with dual-side-PM (DSPM) machine to analyze flux harmonic and verify the flux concentrating effect of the Halbach array.

Findings

The permanent magnet (PM) field of the DSPM machine is approximately equal to the superposition of stator-PM field and rotor-PM field, which is the reason for high torque density. And the Halbach array can reduce flux leakage and increase the amplitude of main flux harmonics, then further improves torque. Improvement of torque can be achieved by choosing right pole-slot combination, adopting DSPM machine structure, reducing flux leakage and adopting field modulation principle.

Originality/value

The DSPMHV machine with split-tooth is proposed in this paper by combining the Halbach array with DSPM structure. This paper analyzes the bidirectional field modulation process, the reason for high torque density of the DSPM machine is obtained. Comparison with the DSPM machine verifies the flux concentrating effect of Halbach array. To alleviate the magnetic saturation in part of stator teeth, this paper proposes an improved DSPMHV machine with shaped auxiliary magnet.
Variety of entrepreneurial skills measured in the entrepreneurship education literature
Authors: Steira Iselin Mauseth , Wigger Karin , Rasmussen Einar
Published: August 2024

Purpose

Having a varied set of skills is essential for becoming and succeeding in entrepreneurship, and developing students’ entrepreneurial skills is a key objective of entrepreneurship education programs at universities worldwide. Moreover, measuring the learning outcomes of education is essential for designing effective training. This review provides a framework of the variety of skills measured in the entrepreneurship education literature.

Design/methodology/approach

We reviewed the entrepreneurship education literature and identified 79 studies that used skill-related measures. We identified, grouped, and operationalized entrepreneurial skills related to the entrepreneurial tasks of sensing, acting, and mobilizing under uncertain conditions.

Findings

We synthesized the current knowledge related to developing various entrepreneurial skills and provided a framework of ten types of entrepreneurship-related skills measured in prior studies of entrepreneurship education initiatives. We showed that entrepreneurship education develops various skills relevant to entrepreneurship and other concepts, indicating the value of entrepreneurship education for increasing students’ general skill level.

Originality/value

Our framework provides a valuable tool for discussing what skills-related training should be included in entrepreneurship education curricula and how the learning outcomes from entrepreneurship education can be measured. Focusing on students’ entrepreneurial skills is closer to entrepreneurial action than intentions or mindsets, and skills are a more realis-tic and inclusive outcome of entrepreneurship education than start-up rates and self-employment. Thus, entrepreneurial skills are a useful concept for clarifying and measuring the specific learning outcomes of entrepreneurship education.
Who wants cryptocurrency? The effects of expectations and conjectures
Authors: Rötheli Tobias
Published: August 2024

Purpose

This study aims to investigate the factors that make people want to hold cryptocurrency. Besides prior experience with holding crypto, this paper considers various expectations and conjectures about the future as key determinants.

Design/methodology/approach

Data for this study come from an online survey in the USA. Econometric analyses help to quantify the relative importance of drivers of demand for cryptocurrency.

Findings

Survey respondents will more likely hold cryptocurrency in the future the more they expect cryptocurrency to replace government money, to increase transparency in monetary affairs and to yield high profits. Importantly, demand is shown to be driven by the anticipation that nonmonetary uses of the Blockchain technology will have a spillover effect on the Bitcoin price. By contrast, subjective expectations of a crypto-induced financial crisis dampen demand. Econometric analyses show that differences in the future demand among people with and without prior holdings of cryptocurrency largely stem from differences in their expectations.

Originality/value

By relating individuals’ expectations to their plans, the present approach offers more insights than the mere attitude surveys already available. This paper’s insights on crypto demand drivers indicate that regulators should be wary about signaling safety of an asset whose fundamental value is still uncertain.
“Oh … that Mommy needs a bit of help as well”: why every school needs a health and wellbeing lead
Authors: Solvason Carla , Lyndon Sandra , Webb Rebecca
Published: August 2024

Purpose

This research explored the impact that the relatively new role of the Health and Wellbeing Lead upon the health and wellbeing of children and their families at this school.

Design/methodology/approach

This case study took place in a primary school (children aged 4–11) in the South-West of England. Data was collected through activities with children, semi-structured interviews with senior staff and parents and a “learning walk”.

Findings

Our data suggested that this role provided compassion, unconditional positive regard and respect for parents, factors that are frequently absent from research into parent partnerships in education. The role presented as invaluable in tackling the many mental and physical challenges that parents faced in rearing their children, and in providing their children with the best possible chance of success.

Research limitations/implications

This is a single Case Study and, as such, may or may not be representative of similar schools. We also question to what extent the findings demonstrated the strength of this role per se, or whether the impact could simply be the result of a uniquely caring and passionate individual.

Practical implications

We concluded that this was a role needed in all schools, recognising the key role that parents play in their child’s wellbeing, and the indirect impact that parent mental health can have upon their child’s success.

Social implications

It is vital that this role is not used as an excuse by the government to further reduce the already denuded Social Services landscape within communities. It is also important that this responsibility does not become yet another burden added to already overstretched teaching staff.

Originality/value

This research presents a fresh perspective on the multiple pressures that parents face and how these can impact upon their child's education.
Shall I use ChatGPT? A study on perceived trust and perceived risk towards ChatGPT usage by teachers at higher education institutions
Authors: Bhaskar Preeti , Misra Pankaj , Chopra Gaurav
Published: August 2024

Purpose

The discussion about using Chat Generative Pre-Trained Transformer (ChatGPT) by teachers is making notable progress on a daily basis. This research examines the teachers' adoption intention to adopt ChatGPT by focusing on perceived trust and perceived risk. The study seeks to elucidate the impact of these two factors on teachers' adoption intentions towards ChatGPT.

Design/methodology/approach

This study was exclusively conducted at private higher educational institutions in Gujarat, India. Data collection was done through a cross-sectional survey design. The proposed conceptual model was examined with the help of structural equation modelling (SEM).

Findings

The outcome of the study confirms the significant contribution of perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, perceived trust, perceived intelligence, perceived anthropomorphism and social influence to teachers' intention to adopt ChatGPT. The findings of the study show that perceived risk exerts a negative moderating effect between perceived usefulness and adoption intention as well as between perceived trust and adoption intention.

Research limitations/implications

This study fills the knowledge gap about teachers’ adoption of ChatGPT at private higher education institutions, thus contributing to the existing literature. Specifically, the distinctive role of key variables like perceived risk and perceived trust helps increase the existing body of knowledge.

Practical implications

Several practical implications are presented on the basis of the conclusions from the outcome of the study that would help increase teachers’ adoption intention of ChatGPT in higher education institutions. These implications include recommendations to promote the integration of ChatGPT in educational set-ups to help teachers leverage its potential benefits into their teaching practices.

Originality/value

This research study goes deeper into the subject than previous research, which mainly focused on the possible advantages and downsides of ChatGPT applications in the field of education. It makes a substantial contribution to our understanding of ChatGPT adoption among teachers for educational purposes by investigating through the lens of perceived risk and perceived trust. The study offers fresh understandings that were previously ignored and brings new perspectives to the body of literature.
Enhancing team effectiveness through collective leadership among nurses in Malaysian healthcare sector
Authors: Wan Mustapa Wan Nurulasiah , Azizan Farah Lina , Wei Chern Ang , Wae-esor Emeela
Published: August 2024

Purpose

In modern healthcare environments, collective leadership within nursing teams serves as a fundamental pillar for providing high-quality patient care. The purpose of this study is to identify the factors to improve the collective leadership among the healthcare practitioners.

Design/methodology/approach

Using data collected through an online survey of 417 registered nurses in 12 general hospital in Malaysia, the study uses partial least squares structural equation modeling to test the proposed hypotheses.

Findings

The result indicate that the collective leadership is directly driven by team shared vision, team commitment and team collaboration. Finding also shows that team shared vision, team commitment and team collaboration has a positive and significant impact on collective leadership. Finally, this study also revealed that, the team collaboration is the most significance factor that affecting the collective leadership among nurses.

Originality/value

This work contributes to a better understanding on collective leadership, ultimately improving team effectiveness and patient care outcomes.
After-sales service and brand reputation: a case of kitchen appliance industry
Authors: Nasir Mohd , Rajkumari Yaisna , Adil Mohd
Published: August 2024

Purpose

To build long-term relationships and gain a competitive edge, marketers need to provide customers with unique and distinct experiences that they cannot find in other companies. According to the literature, after-sales service helps to achieve these goals. By modeling the linkages between after-sales service, service quality, customer attitude and purchase intention, this study aims to understand how customers perceive after-sales service in decision-making in kitchen appliance industry.

Design/methodology/approach

Through purposive sampling, 324 respondents, primarily female, answered a structured questionnaire about their perception of after-sales service for kitchen appliance products. Previously well-established, validated scale measures from the extant literature were used. The responses were gathered using a seven-point Likert scale.

Findings

According to the findings, after-sales service quality is vital in kitchen appliance buying decisions. Accordingly, the higher the quality of service perceived by the customer, the more favorable the brand's attitude and purchase intention will be. Additionally, brand reputation was found to be an essential moderator between customer attitude and purchase intention, suggesting that the reputation of the kitchen appliance brand plays a positive and significant role in consumers’ purchase intentions.

Originality/value

It is well known that after-sales service plays a crucial role in current business scenarios, but empirical research on kitchen appliances has been scarce. This study aims to fill a void in the existing literature by investigating the relationships between after-sales service, after-sales service quality, customer attitude and purchase intention in the domain of kitchen appliances.
The level of burnout and cognitive stress in managers when teleworking: the impact of psychosocial safety climate and the mediating role of demand-control-support
Authors: Omorede Adesuwa , Berglund Rachael Tripney
Published: August 2024

Purpose

The current research investigates the managers' perception of teleworking and attempts to understand how the psychosocial safety climate and psychosocial job characteristics affect their levels of burnout and cognitive stress levels while teleworking.

Design/methodology/approach

This study used a survey, collecting data via questionnaires from five distinct organizations. N = 161 responses from managers were analyzed using the confirmatory factor analysis and regression analysis.

Findings

The findings show that managers who telework do not experience numerous psychosocial stressors. This means that they experience less burnout and cognitive stress. However, results also show that managers benefit from working in an environment with a high psychosocial safety climate.

Practical implications

Our study highlights the need to address managers' working conditions and well-being in telework, given their unique challenges, by fostering a supportive psychosocial climate and providing resources to mitigate stress and burnout.

Originality/value

Previous studies have thoroughly examined the dynamics of telework employees, including the challenges they face and the strategies their immediate supervisors employ to foster a positive remote work environment. Such research has illuminated various stressors that these individuals may confront while teleworking. Despite this, scant attention has been paid to the experiences of managers themselves when they operate from home. The concept of psychosocial safety climate becomes crucial when considering managers grappling with high job demands, low control, and insufficient support from their own superiors and peers. This gap has prompted the present study to explore the unique experiences of managers in a teleworking context, particularly concerning cognitive stress and burnout.
Prospective person memory and own-race bias of missing person appeals
Authors: Hunt Daniel , Mojtahedi Dara
Published: August 2024

Purpose

This study aims to examine own-race bias (ORB) in prospective person memory (PPM) and explore whether the effects of ORB were moderated by two factors that are salient to real-world missing person appeals (MPAs): the number of appeals an individual encounters and the frequency in which these appeals are encountered.

Design/methodology/approach

A mixed experimental design was used whereby 269 Caucasian participants studied MPAs (4 or 8 appeals) for various frequencies (once or three times), which featured both white and non-white missing individuals. Participants then completed a PPM sorting task that required them to identify missing individuals as a secondary objective.

Findings

ORB was not observed for prospective person memory performance, although participants did demonstrate a greater conservative bias for appeals involving different ethnicities. The main effect of number and frequency of appeals on PPM was significant, however, these variables did not moderate ORB.

Research limitations/implications

The current study has limitations that should be taken into consideration. There was an underrepresentation of non-white ethnicities within the sample which limits the ability to determine if ORB effects vary across ethnicities. Additionally, experimental simulations of missing person identifications still lack ecological validity and thus future innovative methods are required to study missing person identifications more realistically.

Originality/value

This study demonstrates that PPM performance may not be influenced by ORB effects overall as found within previous generic memory tasks, although the influence of the number and frequency of appeals presented continues to demonstrate the need to improve MPAs to maximise public facial recognition and identification of missing persons.
Intensive care unit nursing workload estimation in smart hospitals
Authors: Nolio Santa Cruz René , Vaz Sampaio Hugo , Becker Westphall Carlos , Dutra de Camargo Maximiliano , Couto Carvalho Barra Daniela
Published: August 2024

Purpose

The objectives of the proposed model are: aiding nursing staff in documentation tasks, which can be onerous and stressful; and helping management by offering an estimate of the nursing workload, which can be considered for administrative purposes, such as staff scheduling.

Design/methodology/approach

An exploratory-descriptive study was conducted in order to identify, investigate, and describe the problem of documenting nursing activities and workload estimation in an intensive care unit. Technological solutions were explored, and models were proposed to address these issues.

Findings

Cross-dataset experiments were performed, and the model was able to offer an adequate estimate of the nursing workload. The results suggest that continuous retraining is essential for maintaining high accuracy. While the proposed model was considered in the context of an adult ICU, it can be adapted to other contexts, such as elderly care.

Research limitations/implications

While the proposed solution seems promising, further research is required, such as deploying this system in an ICU and facing challenges in the areas of computer security, medical ethics, and patient data privacy. More patients’ variables could also be collected to improve the workload estimates.

Originality/value

Nursing workload assessment is critical to improve the cost-benefit ratio in health care, offer high-quality patient care, and reduce unnecessary expenses, and this process is usually manual. An automated device can automatically document the amount of time spent in patient care activities in a more transparent, efficient, and accurate manner, freeing staff for more urgent activities and keeping management better informed about day-to-day nursing operations.
Strategies and practices for organizational learning in integrated care
Authors: Lørum Rachel Margrethe , Smith Frida
Published: August 2024

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to identify important strategies and practices supporting inter-organizational learning (IOL) in integrated care. The two research questions ask how organizational network architectures can help involved organizations overcome the barriers of IOL in integrated care (RQ1) and what design recommendations can strengthen the processes of IOL in integrated care (RQ2).

Design/methodology/approach

This study applies a qualitative design to analyze an improvement initiative in a regional, integrated care service for elderly patients with multiple illnesses in Norway. An inductive thematic analysis for the triangulating of qualitative data from different sources was applied. Patterns within the data were organized into themes, categories and subcategories. No software was applied.

Findings

The identified characteristics of the organizational network architectures supporting IOL in integrated care in the case under study were: equality of the involved parties, shared goals, recognition of expertise and the abilities to coordinate, design IOL processes and make joint decisions (RQ1). The categories of practices supporting the process of IOL were: insight into complex realities, contradictions, iteration, motivation and prototypes (RQ2).

Originality/value

This study offers much-needed insight into a successful approach for IOL in integrated care. The results offer strategies to be considered when building organizational networks for the improvement of integrated care and relevant practices useful when designing IOL processes in such care services. We believe such knowledge has important implications for policymakers, frontline personnel, education, research and leaders.
Entrepreneurial thinking: rational vs intuitive
Authors: Krueger Norris , Mestwerdt Sönke , Kickul Jill
Published: August 2024

Purpose

Intentions are central to entrepreneurial thinking and thus entrepreneurial action yet we have not explored the different pathways of how intent evolves. How does an easily assessed measure of cognitive style influence how entrepreneurs develop their intentions?

Design/methodology/approach

We examine how cognitive style interacts with entrepreneurial intentions testing the model separately with subjects scoring as Intuitives or Analytics on cognitive style, plus nationality and gender as covariates with entrepreneurial intensity as a prospective moderator, using 528 university students from Norway, Russia and Finland.

Findings

Cognitive style does moderate the intentions model. For intuitives, country influenced social norms and entrepreneurial intensity proved a moderator. For analytics, neither perceived desirability, country, nor entrepreneurial intensity were significant.

Research limitations/implications

We will replicate these findings in different samples, especially non-WEIRD settings. It will also be useful to test alternate measures of cognitive style and other likely moderators.

Practical implications

We offer diagnostics for educators and ecosystem actors given that our findings suggest intriguing differences in the entrepreneurial mindset.

Social implications

Understanding multiple pathways exist to entrepreneurial intent and thus action helps policymakers and entrepreneurial champions better able to help nurture entrepreneurs and thus entrepreneurship in their communities.

Originality/value

Cognitive style has dramatic effects on the specification of the formal intentions model arguing for multiple pathways to entrepreneurial intent. For example, two entrepreneurs might arrive at the same intention but through very different processes because they differ in cognitive style.
Negative consumer–brand relationships in services: does gender matter?
Authors: Chinelato Flavia Braga , Gonçalves Filho Cid , Gois Arquimedes Martins
Published: August 2024

Purpose

Studies on the negative aspects of consumer–brand relationships have received increasing attention in academia, but most research on this phenomenon is not focused on services. On the other hand, the literature consistently demonstrates evidence that gender affects consumer behavior. In this context, this study aims to unprecedentedly identify the antecedents of brand hate and the effects of consumer gender across different service sectors.

Design/methodology/approach

This research compares the results of two studies with service companies. The first was accomplished with 307 consumers of mobile phone operators, and the second study was performed on 450 higher education students. The data were analyzed using structural equation modeling.

Findings

In both studies, females showed greater importance for ideological incompatibility than males. This suggests that females are more sensitive to moral issues and ethical behavior than males. As for males, negative experience is the most relevant antecedent of brand hate in both samples. However, when age is checked, the results indicate that younger males develop more brand hate than older males. This does not happen with females.

Originality/value

This study demonstrates gender differences and compares two samples applied in different service sectors: low-technological and high-touch consumer interactions. The results show that the antecedents of brand hate for males and females in the service sector differ. This study also points out that older males present a different behavior when compared to younger males, which does not happen with females.
Investigation of complex single-walled intersecting structures fabricated by wire-arc directed energy deposition
Authors: Silmbroth Mathias , Enzinger Norbert , Senck Sascha , Radlmayr Karl , Klein Thomas
Published: August 2024

Purpose

This study aims to investigate an intersecting single-walled structure fabricated using wire-arc directed energy deposition (waDED). Because of the highly complex geometrical features of this structure, characterisation is used to identify potential weak points and provide a benchmark for future complex components.

Design/methodology/approach

A structural component with a process-specific design is built using additive manufacturing of an Al-Mg alloy and analysed using micro-computed tomography. Scans are carried out at different resolutions and subsequently compared to microsections. The chemical composition and hardness are also examined. These investigations provide an enhanced understanding of defects and overall quality of the manufactured parts.

Findings

The results show that very high-quality parts can be achieved using ER5183 alloy, even in intersecting areas. Defects in these regions are primarily caused by converging and diverging waDED paths and discontinuous waDED operations.

Originality/value

In addition to demonstrating the feasibility of complex structures using waDED, this study provides an overview of problem areas and potential improvements in waDED manufacturing.
Walking the talk? An exploratory study on the contributions of municipalities to the social entrepreneurship ecosystem in the Netherlands
Authors: Muftugil-Yalcin Seda , Verver Michiel , Theeuwes Nina Floor
Published: August 2024

Purpose

This paper aims to investigate how municipalities contribute to the ecosystem for social entrepreneurs, focusing on the four largest municipalities in the Netherlands, also known as the G4 municipalities (Amsterdam, Rotterdam, Utrecht and The Hague). Building on the ecosystem model of Spigel (2017), the findings focus on the cultural, social and material contributions of the municipalities to the ecosystem and how these contributions are perceived by the founders of social enterprises.

Design/methodology/approach

Focusing only on G4 municipalities, 39 semi structured interviews were carried, 15 of which were conducted with civil servants from G4 municipalities and the rest with social enterprises operating in G4 municipalities.

Findings

The results indicate that the G4 municipalities mainly contribute by helping build a positive image of social entrepreneurship and by facilitating the network of social entrepreneurs. However, municipalities often fail to substantiate their commitment by way of material resources such as financial inducements, resource provision or policies.

Originality/value

In the analysis, Spigel’s ecosystem model is adopted and by adopting this lens, the authors believe that the contribution of this exploratory study lies in analysing the relation of municipalities with social enterprises in a more comprehensive way. A consideration of the cultural, social and material aspects of municipality support, along with the discrepancies between these kinds of support, allows a critical analysis of the role municipalities play in social entrepreneurship in the Netherlands.
Assessing Lean Six Sigma and quality performance improvement in Italian public healthcare organizations: a validated scale
Authors: Rosa Angelo , Capolupo Nicola , Romeo Emilia , McDermott Olivia , Antony Jiju , Sony Michael , Bhat Shreeranga
Published: August 2024

Purpose

This study aims to fully assess the readiness for Lean Six Sigma (LSS) and Quality Performance Improvement (QPI) in an Italian Public Healthcare ecosystem.

Design/methodology/approach

Drawing from previously established survey development and adaptation protocols, a replication study was carried out; Lean, Six Sigma and QPI were extracted and validated through confirmatory factor analysis in an Italian Public Healthcare setting, with a sample of health professionals from the Campania region.

Findings

This study reports the adaptation of an existing scale for measuring LSS and QPI in an Italian public healthcare organisation. This analysis extracts six conceptual domains and constitutes an original adaptation of an existing scale to assess the readiness to adopt Lean, Six Sigma and Quality Performance in Italian Public Health Organizations. The constructs show strong levels of internal consistency, as demonstrated by each item factor loading and each subscale reliability.

Practical implications

Managers, policymakers and academics can employ the proposed tool to assess the public healthcare ecosystem’s capability to implement LSS initiatives and strategies to improve quality performance.

Originality/value

This is one of the first studies to assess cross-regional organisational readiness for LSS and QPI in an Italian Public Healthcare environment at this scope and level.
Impact of new antifungal medications on onychomycosis prescriptions and costs in Japan: A nationwide claims database study
Authors: Miyachi Hideaki , Sato Daisuke , Sakamaki Kentaro , Togawa Yaei , Yoshimura Kensuke
Published: August 2024

Onychomycosis, a fungal nail infection, is a common dermatological condition in Japan, with a prevalence of approximately 5%–10%. Despite the introduction of new antifungal medications and updated treatment guidelines published in 2019, data on real‐world prescription trends and the associated medical costs are limited. This study aimed to investigate the prescription patterns and medical costs of topical and oral antifungal medications for onychomycosis in Japan from fiscal years 2014 to 2021 using the National Database of Health Insurance Claims and Specific Health Checkups of Japan Open Data. We analyzed the annual prescription volumes and medical costs of four antifungal medications: efinaconazole, luliconazole, fosravuconazole, and terbinafine. The prescription volume of efinaconazole, a topical medication launched in 2014, rapidly increased and dominated the market share. Fosravuconazole, an oral medication introduced in 2018, showed an increasing trend, coinciding with a decline in efinaconazole prescriptions. Terbinafine, a well‐established oral medication, experienced a substantial decrease in prescription volume. The sex‐ and age‐adjusted prescription volume per 100 000 population was higher among older adults, particularly for efinaconazole. The total medical costs for onychomycosis treatment more than doubled in fiscal year 2015 compared with that for 2014, mainly driven by efinaconazole prescriptions, and exceeded 30 billion Japanese yen in fiscal years 2019–2021. The costs slightly decreased in fiscal years 2020 and 2021, possibly due to the introduction of fosravuconazole. The predominance of topical prescriptions, especially in older adults, raises concerns regarding adherence to the Japanese guidelines that recommend oral antifungals as the first‐line treatment for onychomycosis. The substantial increase in medical costs also highlights the economic burden of onychomycosis and the need for cost‐effective treatment strategies. This study provides valuable insights into the real‐world prescription trends and medical costs of onychomycosis treatment in Japan, suggesting an opportunity to assess potential gaps between guideline recommendations and clinical practice.