bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Impact of Mobile Learning on Students’ Attitudes towards Learning in an Educational Technology Course
Authors: Salhab Reham , Daher Wajeeh
Published: July 2023

As technology has explosively and globally revolutionized the teaching and learning processes at educational institutions, enormous and innovative technological developments, along with their tools and applications, have recently invaded the education system. Using mobile learning (m-learning) employs wireless technologies for thinking, communicating, learning, and sharing to disseminate and exchange knowledge. Consequently, assessing the learning attitudes of students toward mobile learning is crucial, as learning attitudes impact their motivation, performance, and beliefs about mobile learning. However, mobile learning seems under-researched and may require additional efforts from researchers, especially in the context of the Middle East. Hence, this study’s contribution is enhancing our knowledge about students’ attitudes towards mobile-based learning. Therefore, the study goal was to investigate m-learning’s effect on the learning attitudes among technology education students. An explanatory sequential mixed approach was utilized to examine the attitudes of 50 students who took an educational technology class. A quasi-experiment was conducted and a phenomenological approach was adopted. Data from the experimental group and the control group were gathered. Focus group discussions with three groups and 25 semi-structured interviews were performed with students who experienced m-learning in their course. ANCOVA was conducted and revealed the impact of m-learning on the attitudes and their components. An inductive and deductive content analysis was conducted. Eleven subthemes stemmed out of three main themes. These subthemes included: personalized learning, visualization of learning motivation, less learning frustration, enhancing participation, learning on familiar devices, and social interaction, which emerged from the data. The researchers recommended that higher education institutions adhere to a set of guiding principles when creating m-learning policies. Additionally, they should customize the m-learning environment with higher levels of interactivity to meet students’ needs and learning styles to improve their attitudes towards m-learning.
Adsorption of Amido Black 10B by Zinc Ferrite and Titanium Dioxide
Authors: Yang Jinlin , Huo Xingnan , Xiao Hanxin , Li Zongyu , Li Hengjun , Ma Shaojian
Published: July 2023

This study focuses on the comprehensive recycling and utilization of zinc ferrite, a by-product of wet zinc refining, for the treatment of azo dye wastewater. It explores the adsorption performance of various materials on Amido Black 10B and analyzes the factors that influence the adsorption process. Zinc ferrite derived from the by-products of wet zinc refining, zinc ferrite synthesized via calcination, and titanium dioxide prepared using the sol–gel method are utilized as adsorbents, specifically targeting Amido Black 10B. By adjusting factors such as calcination temperature, mixing ratio, initial pH, adsorbent dosage, adsorption time, initial concentration, and reaction temperature, the effects on the adsorption of Amido Black 10B are studied. Additionally, the performance of composite materials consisting of different crystalline forms of titanium dioxide and purified zinc ferrite is examined. Furthermore, the adsorption process of Amido Black 10B by purified zinc ferrite/titanium dioxide is analyzed in terms of kinetics and thermodynamics. The results show that titanium dioxide and purified zinc ferrite, prepared at temperatures of 300 °C to 550 °C, achieve over 90% removal efficiency when co-adsorbing Amido Black 10B. The best performance is observed at a ratio of 4:6 for purified zinc ferrite to titanium dioxide, with removal efficiency exceeding 80%. The second-order kinetic model fits the adsorption data well, and higher initial solution concentrations lead to decreased adsorption rates. The adsorption process of purified zinc ferrite/titanium dioxide on Amido Black 10B is spontaneous, exothermic, and reduces system disorder. Higher temperatures negatively impact the adsorption process.
A New Industry 4.0 Approach for Development of Manufacturing Firms Based on DFSS
Authors: Khlil Alhadi , Shi Zhanqun , Umar Abubakar , Ma Botong
Published: July 2023

The adoption of Industry 4.0 is attracting manufacturing companies, but the implementation barriers they expect to face, such as huge investment costs, and lack of skilled workers and infrastructure, make many of them hesitate to go through with implementation. The lack of a standardization approach also adds more difficulties in the implementation of advanced key technologies. Based on the design for the six sigma (DFSS) method, a new decision-making and implementation approach (DM&I) is proposed to address some implementation barriers and provide strategic guidance to implement the Industry 4.0 advanced key technologies. In this study, a systematic literature review was conducted to determine the impact of the implementation barriers for Industry 4.0 adoption. The DM&I approach has been applied in a bearing ring production line as a real case. The proposed method consists of two steps: decision-making, which consists of the define phase in determining the exact system weak point in order to reduce the improvement risk and system operation disturbance; the evaluate phase, which is the determining of the level of use of key technologies; the visualize phase, which is the stage of designing and modeling the proposed system and creating the virtual environment to simulate the system in real-time in order to support the improved decision-making process and avoid the fear of high costs; and then the optimize phase, where the optimal level of use of key technologies is determined. Then, the implementation phase consists of the develop phase, which encompasses the stage of physical system construction and hardware software development, followed by the validate phase and the integrate phase. These phases support infrastructure improvement. However, the proposed approach can be used by manufacturing companies to improve production efficacy and competitiveness.
Co-Hydrothermal Carbonization of Grass and Olive Stone as a Means to Lower Water Input to HTC
Authors: García-Morato Rocío , Román Silvia , Ledesma Beatriz , Coronella Charles
Published: July 2023

One drawback of biomass hydrothermal treatment (HTC) is the need of a water supply, which is especially important in the case of lignocellulosic biomass. This study has investigated the synergy resulting from co-HTC of two residual biomass materials that significantly differ in their physico-chemical compositions: (a) olive stone, OS, a hard and high-quality biomass, with low N content, whose potential to give a high heating value briquette by HTC has been proven, and (b) fresh grass pruning, GP, as it is gathered from gardens, with a high water content, moderate N fraction, and low calorific value. The work specifically focuses on the water saving that can be attained when the liquid product produced by one of them (grass, with 80% of moisture) can supply part of the water needed by the other (olive stone) when both are subjected to HTC simultaneously. It was found that, when instead of water, an additional amount of fresh GP is added (in particular 40 out of 110 g of water was provided by 54 g of GP), and a more basic processing water is obtained (pH of co-HTC increased by 40%, in relation of single OS processes). This in turn did not have a remarkable effect on OS final SY at any of the two temperatures studied (200 and 220 °C), not on the C densification. Other features such as N content of resulting OS hydrochars showed a rise in the case of hybrid processes, from 0.2% to 3.3%. Other features that were affected on OS HTC products because of the presence of the GP in co-HTC were the HC surface structure, hydrophobicity, and the presence of surface functionalities and their thermal stability towards pyrolysis; processing water also showed changes on mineral content when both biomasses there blended. Proving that a biomass like OS can be hydrothermally treated by a hybrid process involving less water, without being detrimental in terms of final SY and energy densification, can open a field of research aimed to make HTC processes more efficient in terms of hydric balance.
Biopsychosocial Factors of Adolescent Health Risk Behaviours during the COVID-19 Pandemic—Insights from an Empirical Study
Authors: Dimitrova Elitsa , Alexandrova-Karamanova Anna
Published: July 2023

The paper focuses on the association between Bulgarian adolescents’ health risk behaviours (cigarette smoking, vaping, alcohol use and drunkenness) and biopsychosocial factors at individual and interpersonal levels, using data from the pre-pandemic and the pandemic periods, i.e. Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) study (2018) and the study of adolescent health and well-being in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic (2022/2023). Logistic regression models reveal a positive association with age in both periods, decreasing gender difference in smoking, presistant effect of family structure, strengthened effect of the material status of the family and a differenciating effect of ethnicity at the end of the pandemic. Family support is positively asociated with substance (mis)use in both periods. At the end of the pandemic generalized anxiety is positively associated with substance (mis)use, loneliness has a negative association with drunkenness, and limited social interaction and vaping are in a positive relationship. The experience of COVID-19 infection in the family is associated with higher risk of smoking, while treatment in hospital for COVID-19 of the adolescent or a family member is associated with a higher risk of vaping and drunkenness. Interactions with COVID-19 experience and psychosocial variables reveal a divergence in health risk behaviours, including also engagement in substance (mis)use. Effective interventions, targeting the identified risk factors and risk groups, are needed for promotion of healthy lifestyles among adolescents.
Cost–Benefit Analysis in High-Speed Railway Projects: Appraisal of Methodological Approaches and an Initial Social Equity Evaluation, A Case Study
Authors: Venezia Elisabetta
Published: July 2023

The international literature around the impacts of long-distance rail transport such as high-speed railways (HSR) reveals that social equity impacts have rarely been fully examined or taken into consideration in appraisal. Several methodological and contextual policy factors may have contributed to expanding this gap. As a result, the HSR’s potential to act as a transport and land use development policy tool to reduce accessibility inequalities and promote social inclusion remains unexplored in most cases. The present article aims to shed light on current methodological appraisal approaches in order to examine social equity issues around HSR projects, in terms of social sustainability. Further, the research methodology uses an in-depth investigation around one strategic railway project selected in Italy, a country that is investing in HSR. The paper is organized as follows: firstly, there is an introduction that refers to the specific case study. Soon after the paper illustrates the peculiar elements of the cost–benefit analysis of the HSR link Bari–Naples and considers the scientific literature on the issue. Then the novelty of equity considerations is presented in methodological terms and as a result of a concrete consultation process. Finally conclusions close the paper.
Molecular Characterization of Staphylococcus aureus Complex Isolated from Free-Ranging Long-Tailed Macaques at Kosumpee Forest Park, Maha Sarakham, Thailand
Authors: Pumipuntu Natapol , Tanee Tawatchai , Thamsenanupap Penkhae , Kyes Pensri , Karaket Apichat , Kyes Randall C.
Published: July 2023

The Staphylococcus (S.) aureus complex, including methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) and methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA), and S. argenteus are bacterial pathogens that are responsible for both human and animal infection. However, insights into the molecular characteristics of MRSA, MSSA, and S. argenteus carriages in wildlife, especially in long-tailed macaques, rarely have been reported in Thailand. The objective of this study was to assess molecular characterization of MRSA, MSSA, and S. argenteus strains isolated from free-ranging long-tailed macaques (Macaca fascicularis) at Kosumpee Forest Park, Maha Sarakham, Thailand. A total of 21 secondary bacterial isolates (including 14 MRSA, 5 MSSA, and 2 S. argenteus) obtained from the buccal mucosa of 17 macaques were analysed by a Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to identify several virulence genes, including pvl, tst, hla, hlb clfA, spa (x-region), spa (IgG biding region), and coa. The most prevalent virulence genes were clfA, coa, and the spa IgG biding region which presented in all isolates. These data indicated that MRSA, MSSA, and S. argenteus isolates from the wild macaques at Kosumpee Forest Park possess a unique molecular profile, harbouring high numbers of virulence genes. These findings suggest that wild macaques may potentially serve as carriers for distribution of virulent staphylococcal bacteria in the study area.
Comparison of Axillary versus Rectal Temperature Timing in Canine and Feline Patients
Authors: Beyer Olivia , Lueck Ashlynn , Brundage Cord
Published: July 2023

Research on alternatives to rectal thermometry in canine and feline patients has focused on equipment and measurement location but not procedure duration. In a crossover clinical scenario, we evaluated the time prior to (Pre-TempT) and after (Post-TempT) rectal and axillary thermometry in a diverse demographic of canine (n = 114) and feline (n = 72) patients. Equipment duration was controlled to determine a presumptive total time (TTime) associated with each thermometry method. Pre-TempT and TTime were significantly shorter in axillary thermometry trials for both canine and feline pets (p < 0.001). There was no difference in Post-TempT between thermometry methods in canine patients (p = 0.887); however, the Post-TempT was longer in felines after axillary thermometry (p = 0.004). Reductions in Pre-TempT and TTime were not significant in Scottish Fold breed cats. Within the feline rectal trials, the TTime of domestic-long-haired breeds was significantly longer than that of domestic-short-haired breeds (p = 0.019). No other tested parameter (i.e., size, body shape, age, weight, breed, coat type, or procedure order) played a significant role in these results. Axillary thermometry was faster than rectal thermometry in both canine and feline pets, primarily due to the time associated with animal approach and restraint (Pre-TempT). These results have implications for optimizing clinic workflow, appointment durations, and patient handling time.
Paths to personality transformation of a prisoner of war towards resocialization under conditions of a special military operation
Authors: Yakovleva Margarita , Zorina Elena
Published: July 2023

Introduction. The article considers the directions of prisoner of war personality transformation for resocialization, necessary under conditions of a special military operation. In the historical context, these problems are relevant during any military operations, which is confirmed by the materials of the Great Patriotic War: the resocialization of foreign prisoners of war was accompanied by these persons’ worldview and political attitudes formation affected the public opinion of other citizens. Due to the importance for the prisoner of war’s personality and taking into account modern realities, it is advisable to use this positive experience in the resocialization of Ukrainian prisoners of war in the conditions of the ongoing special military operation. The purpose of the article is to outline the directions of the prisoner of war personality transformation in the field of resocialization, necessary for the formation of a positive worldview in the conditions of a special military operation. Methodology, methods and techniques. Scientific tools of the research include a set of general and private scientific methods applied comprehensively: dialectical method, historical, comparative-legal, deductive and inductive, analysis, other methods of scientific knowledge. Results. The article substantiates the need to improve the paths to transformation of the prisoner of war personality towards resocialization in the conditions of a special military operation by means of 1) creating new psychological methods of influencing the prisoner of war personality, allowing to form a positive worldview, to rethink the necessity of participation in a special military operation; 2) introducing a new position of the Presidential Commissioner for Human Rights on Military Issues with a set of powers related to the resocialization of prisoners of war; 3) recruiting military psychologists with skills for applying these techniques in the department of the Deputy Presidential Commissioner for Human Rights on Military Issues; 4) improving penal enforcement legislation in the area of preventing deviant behavior of prisoners of war, taking into account the individual characteristics of the prisoner of war personality. Scientific novelty of the article is to form the author’s vision of specific directions of transformation of the prisoner of war personality towards resocialization. Practical significance. The proposed directions of personality transformation of the prisoner of war towards resocialization will allow to form a positive worldview and to return the person to peaceful life.
Treatment results of children and adolescents with relapsed AML who were initially treated according to the AML-MM-2006 protocol
Authors: Kalinina I. I. , Venyov D. A. , Goronkova O. V. , Baydildina D. D. , Voronin K. A. , Maschan M. A. , Maschan A. A.
Published: July 2023

Introduction. Relapse of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) develops in children who received intensive chemotherapy and achieved the first complete remission (CR1). Only intensive anti-relapse chemotherapy followed by allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) may lead to cure.

Aim — to present the results of treatment of children with AML who relapsed after completion of treatment or while on therapy according to the AML-MM-2006 protocol.

Materials and methods. The study included children with AML who relapsed after completion of treatment of the first-line therapy according to the AML-MM-2006 protocol. During the follow-up period (median — 4.6 years), 68 relapses were registered among 187 patients who reached CR1 (early — 36, late — 26; with a change of phenotype to ALL-6). The cumulative probability of relapse was 40 %. Four (6 %) patients with relapsed AML initially belonged to the group of standard, 33 (54 %) — of intermediate risk of relapse of AML and 25 (40 %) — to the group of high risk. Eleven (18 %) were patients with “CBF-leukemia”, 19 (31 %) — with rearrangements of the 11q23 (KMT2A gene). Fludarabine, high doses of cytarabine and idarubicin in 33 (80 %) or mitoxantrone in 8 (20 %) patients were used to induce the second complete remission (CR2) in 41 patients (66 %).

Results. Out of 53 patients who received chemotherapy as a second induction therapy, CR2 was achieved in 30 patients (57 %) (in 9 — with early, in 21 — with late relapse) after chemotherapy courses; 2 patients died within 30 days of the start of CT; 21 patients were refractory to chemotherapy. HSCT after relapse was performed in 51 patients, mainly from a haploidentical donor. Twenty-five patients underwent HSCT in CR2, 26 — in the status of “active disease”. Among patients transplanted into CR2, the probability of relapse was 20 %, and the overall survival rate was 80 %. Among patients transplanted outside of CR2, the probability of achieving CR2 was 77 %, the probability of relapse was 50 % and overall survival (OS) 58 %. The probability of OS in the group as a whole reached 52 %. The most significant prognostic factors of an unfavorable outcome were early relapse, refractory course of relapse, M7 variant of AML, complex karyotype and rearrangements of the ETV6 gene, combined (“bone marrow + CNS damage + non-hematopoietic tissue”) relapse and relapse after HSCT performed in CR1.

Conclusion. About 50 % of patients with relapses of AML can be cured with the help of high-dose chemotherapy and allo-HSCT.
Storage of pathogen-reduced platelets
Authors: Rozhkov E. V. , Kozhemiako O. V. , Rozhkova N. S. , Kurmanova O. V. , Davidovich M. A. , Pokhabov D. S. , Madzaev S. R.
Published: July 2023

Introduction. To improve the infectious safety of blood products, methods of pathogen inactivation in the donor container are used. Two technologies for pathogen inactivation in platelet concentrates have been approved in Russia: Intercept (amotosalen and ultraviolet A) and Mirasol (ribofl avin and ultraviolet).

Aim — to study the quality parameters of stored pathogen-reduced platelet concentrates.

Materials and methods. The platelet concentrate obtained by automatic plateletpheresis and resuspended in plasma was subjected to pathogen inactivation (PI), and samples were taken for research on the first day of storage before and after PI, as well as on the third and fifth days of storage. The volume of the dose and the number of cells were determined in 60 samples: 30 each, which underwent PI using the Intercept and Mirasol methods. The study of the pH level was performed in 46 platelet concentrates treated with Intercept and 38 containers treated with Mirasol. The characteristics of donors were also taken into account: gender, age, height, weight, and number of donations. The results were evaluated by descriptive statistics and analysis at a significance level of p < 0.05.

Results. In the compared groups, there were no differences in the gender of donors, their donor experience, and anthropometric and hematological parameters. The number of platelets within 3 days in both groups did not differ both from the initial one and between the groups. On day 5, the number of Intercept platelets remained unchanged, and the number of Mirasol platelets significantly decreased both compared with the baseline (425.2 ± 31.0 × 109  vs. 519.6 ± 31.2 × 109, respectively, p < 0.001) and relative to Intercept platelets (425.2 ± 31.0 × 109 vs. 501.9 ± 32.8 × 109, respectively, p < 0.001). During the storage of platelet concentrates, the internal environment of the containers changed to the acidic side, and on day 5, the pH of Mirasol platelets was significantly more acidic than in the comparison group (6.51 ± 0.15 vs. 6.93 ± 0.15, respectively, р < 0.05).

Conclusion. It was found that on day 5 of storage of Mirasol-platelets, the number of cells and pH significantly decreased compared to Intersept-platelets.
Haemovigilance in the United Kingdom
Authors: Pokhabov D. S. , Shestakov E. A. , Matveev S. A. , Shalygin L. D. , Zhiburt E. B.
Published: July 2023

Introduction. Haemovigilance is the set of surveillance procedures covering the entire blood transfusion chain, from the donation and processing of blood and its components, through to their provision and transfusion to patients, including patient follow-up. The United Kingdom (UK) haemovigilance system has been developing for 25 years and is one of the world's leading hemovigilance systems.

Aim — to review the analysis of adverse events in the UK blood service in 2021.

Methods. Analysis of the British haemovigilance system report for 2021.

Results. Blood transfusion remains safe in the UK, with a risk of death from a blood transfusion of 0.92 per 100,000 components issued. Transfusion delays and pulmonary complications (mostly circulatory overload) were responsible for 77.1 % (27 out of 35) of blood transfusion-related deaths in 2021. Errors (including near miss cases) still make up the majority of reports. In 2021, 2569 out of 3161 (81.3 %) of all reports were associated with errors. Prerequisites for reactions still make up a significant proportion: 1155/3161 (36.5 %) incidents. Understaffing, lack of proper training, poor supervision and poor safety culture have been identified as contributing factors to numerous incidents. They need to be addressed urgently to reduce the risk to patient safety. Ensuring the safety of process-based transfusions through a multi-pronged approach, proper training, appropriate resources, user-centric design, and learning by doing are essential. Reassignment warnings in laboratory health information systems continue to contribute to error reporting. Trends in abnormal transfusion reactions such as febrile, allergic, hypotensive and hemolytic reactions are similar to previous years. All personnel involved in blood transfusion should be competent and confident in recognizing and appropriately treating transfusion reactions in recipients.

Conclusion. Haemovigilance is an important tool for improving the efficiency and safety of blood transfusion.
A Skeletonian Synopsis of Class Attention
Authors: - Nusrat Sharmin
Published: July 2023

Using a qualitative content analysis approach, this study reviewed 45 published studies, research on student’s Class attention since 2008, primarily focusing on reasons for students’ attention and inattention. This paper answers how student’s attention can hamper, reasons behind students less attention in class, why student cannot sustain attention, how long student can hold attention and so on.
The primary focus of this study is to accumulate the researchers’ thoughts, findings, experimental results in one frame so that any pedagogical stakeholders can easily get a unified understanding from this study. Another purpose of the study is to pile up the specific reasons for students’ attentiveness and inattentiveness in class room.
The first chapter discuss the concept of attention from multivariate dimension. The methodology chapter includes the procedure about how the study is conducted. In findings chapter author listed out all the possible diversified related information in two sections; firstly, the reasons of factors affecting student attention and secondly, what the researchers recommends in different study. In discussion chapter author designed all the findings in a well manner and showed the final reasons and solutions. Author there represents uncontrollable and controllable factors with solutions.
Resilience Across Different Length of Service in the Assam Civil Service Officers
Authors: - Ankita Bora , - Dimpy Mahanta
Published: July 2023

Every human being strives to land into the job of their dreams, and for many of those aspirants, civil service is that dream job. However, over the years, there has been a fundamental transformation in the public services, which has exposed civil service officers to new demands and obligations of the changing time. It is seen that between the government and the public, the civil service employees act as a connecting link. The civil services recruit a large number of candidates each year. In relation to the job, they have a lot of hopes, feelings, and expectations before getting into the job. But the harsh realities of the job makes the civil service officers undergo a lot of stress. Here comes the role of resilience, the capacity to bounce back in adverse circumstances. Human beings have varied capacity to deal with stressful situation thus different levels of resilience. Similarly the Assam Civil Service officers develop resilience over the period of service. The purpose of the present study is to study resilience in the civil service officers of Assam serving at different hierarchies based on the length of the service. A sample of 210 participants was taken for the study. Resilience was measured using a psychometric tool. The results highlighted that Resilience varied across hierarchy such that overall Resilience is significant at 1 % level with the mean score (112.92) of Senior Group I being the highest followed by the mean score of Senior Group II (111.89) followed by mean score of 107.38 of the Junior Group which is the lowest. The difference in the dimension of Perseverance is significant at 1% level as the mean score (27.73) of Junior grade is less than the other two groups. The dimension of Compassion is significant at 1 % level as compassion is less in the Junior Grade as compared to Senior Grade I and Senior Grade II. Finally, few intervention techniques have been suggested along with implications to enable further research.
Environmental Balance in Upanishadic Thought
Authors: - Bandana Das
Published: July 2023

The human being is the central being, as human being is regarded as a unique creation of the creator. The behavior of human being towards his surrounding natural elements, his attitude, feelings towards them, nature’s impact on human life etc. are certain points to be analysis in our present study. This human behavior, attitude, feelings etc. become a reason to make balance or imbalance the environment.
The oldest literary monument the Veda deals mainly with sacred knowledge. Upanişads are not only the last part of the Vedic literature but concerned with such knowledge through which one can be liberated from ignorance and enable to realize the ultimate truth of life. Through the entire thought of Upanişads which are revolved around the concept of highest reality, it is necessarily connected with various things around us. Since Upanişads are based on the Vedas, the Vedic people were fully associated with the nature. This nature played on important role in the Upanişads also.
The Upanişadic seers also observed that nature has its own power to control itself. So, we should not destroy its originality. Five gross elements regulate the external world in the same rhythm also regulate the internal world of human body. All organs of human body are inter-related with each other. After all, our good health and peaceful mind depend upon suitable environment (natural and social). So, we should maintain a good relation with other social person and should well aware about our natural environment. The Upanişadic seers were aware about these matters and advised how to maintain the balance of the external world and internal world of human body and how to behave with other persons. To live in happily and peacefully life we should follow their advice in our day to day life.
A Sociological Study of Causes and Remedies of Poverty in India
Authors: - Mrs. Savita
Published: July 2023

India is a country with great economic potential, yet its citizens continue to struggle with poverty and inequality. Despite the country's impressive economic growth in recent years, poverty and inequality remain pervasive and deeply ingrained issues that affect millions of people. The root causes of poverty in India are complex, but they are also solvable. This blog post aims to explore some of the underlying factors that contribute to poverty in India and suggest ways to break the cycle of poverty. By addressing these root causes head-on, we can work towards creating a more equitable and prosperous India for all. From education and healthcare to infrastructure and governance.
DEVELOPING A PROGRAM TO SUPPORT THE DEVELOPMENT OF CORE QUALITIES FOR PRIMARY SCHOOL STUDENTS IN VIETNAM
Authors: Hanh Phuong Tran Thi , Thi Viet Nga Nguyen
Published: July 2023

Program development has become the concern of many experts in the field of education. Up to now, the construction of teaching programs for students, especially support programs in general education, is gradually becoming popular. Research results have shown that building a program to support the development of core qualities of primary school students has certain meanings; help students develop comprehensively, meet educational goals; contribute to improving the quality and effectiveness of education in primary schools. Based on the survey results, the study proposes a process for developing program content to support the development of core qualities for primary school students and illustrative examples for this process. This article's suggestions indicate research directions on building support programs for teaching and educational activities in Vietnamese high schools
Bias in Polarization CLEAN Imaging
Authors: Himes Morgan , Jagannathan Preshanth
Published: July 2023

Various deconvolution algorithms, such as Hogbom CLEAN, have been developed to construct radio images of the sky. The algorithms used for synthesis imaging in CASA are sub-optimal for polarimetric imaging of sources with nonzero rotation measures. This method focuses on linear polarization in Stokes Q and U and the bias introduced in cleaning linearly polarized sources. We propose a hybrid method of cleaning based on QU fitting to reduce this bias. This method acquires a fit for a source's spectral index, polarization angle, Stokes I amplitude, polarized fraction, and rotation measure from a dirty image and uses these parameters to form a model that is fed into CASA for cleaning. Preliminary results show that this method cleans faster than the existing CASA task but introduces some degeneracies that need to be resolved prior to polarimetric imaging.
Time-dependent non-homogeneous stochastic epidemic model of SIR type
Authors: Besalú Mireia , Binotto Giulia
Published: July 2023

To better describe the spread of a disease, we extend a discrete time stochastic SIR-type epidemic model of Tuckwell and Williams. We assume the dependence on time of the number of daily encounters and include a parameter to represent a possible quarantine of the infectious individuals. We provide an analytic description of this Markovian model and investigate its dynamics. Both a diffusion approximation and the basic reproduction number are derived. Through several simulations, we show how the evolution of a disease is affected by the distribution of the number of daily encounters and its dependence on time. Finally, we show how the appropriate choice of this parameter allows a suitable application of our model to two real diseases.
Nomogram based on clinical characteristics for predicting overall survival in gastric cancer patients with preoperative anemia
Authors: Long Yan , Zhou Xiao-Lu , Zhang Cheng-Long , Wang Ya-Nan , Pan Wen-Sheng
Published: July 2023

Obstructive jaundice (OJ) is a common problem in daily clinical practice. However, completely understanding the pathophysiological changes in OJ remains a challenge for planning current and future management. The effects of OJ are widespread, affecting the biliary tree, hepatic cells, liver function, and causing systemic complications. The lack of bile in the intestine, destruction of the intestinal mucosal barrier, and increased absorption of endotoxins can lead to endotoxemia, production of proinflammatory cytokines, and induce systemic inflammatory response syndrome, ultimately leading to multiple organ dysfunction syndrome. Proper management of OJ includes adequate water supply and electrolyte replacement, nutritional support, preventive antibiotics, pain relief, and itching relief. The surgical treatment of OJ depends on the cause, location, and severity of the obstruction. Biliary drainage, surgery, and endoscopic intervention are potential treatment options depending on the patient's condition. In addition to modern medical treatments, Traditional Chinese medicine may offer therapeutic benefits for OJ. A comprehensive search was conducted on PubMed for relevant articles published up to August 1970. This review discusses in detail the pathophysiological changes associated with OJ and presents effective strategies for managing the condition.
La demanda d’habitatge. Quo vadis?
Authors: Módenes Juan A.
Published: July 2023

Un dels temes més importants de debat polític i social a Catalunya i Espanya dels últims anys ha estat el mal funcionament del mercat de l’habitatge. Proposem diverses explicacions d’origen demogràfic per a aquest fet. Primer, hi ha un problema creixent de desajust entre la demanda demogràfica d’habitatges i la nova oferta disponible. Segons les nostres estimacions, en el període expansiu 2014-2020 l’estoc de llars catalanes es va incrementar en 222.000 unitats fins als 3,1 milions, mentre que només es van finalitzar 50.000 habitatges. El 2019, el dèficit de nou habitatge, mesurat com la diferència entre saldo net de llars i habitatges finalitzats, va ser de 35 mil. Segon, la demanda demogràfica ja no és estable sinó cíclica i incerta. El 2013 es van afegir unes 9 mil llars a l’estoc, el 2019 45 mil. Disparitats similars estan succeint al conjunt d’Espanya.
En aquest Perspectives Demogràfiques, mostrem com ha canviat la distribució dels components demogràfics de la demanda cap a un pes més gran dels factors menys estables com ara la immigració, que va explicar el 93% del creixement net de llars el 2019, i l’evolució de l’estructura de les llars, que explicava més de 10 mil llars addicionals anuals en els primers anys 2000. A continuació, analitzem l’existència d’una desconnexió entre l’oferta i la demanda d’habitatges, associada fonamentalment a la immigració. Per últim, suggerim que un dels principals desafiaments de la demografia aplicada és ser útil per al disseny de noves polítiques d’habitatge, que tinguin en compte l’impacte cíclic de les conjuntures, la no-linealitat de les tendències i la incertesa.
Housing demand: Quo vadis?
Authors: Módenes Juan A.
Published: July 2023

One of the major issues of political and social discussion in Catalonia and Spain in recent years has been the malfunctioning of the housing market. I suggest that there are several explanations of demographic origin for this. First, there is a growing mismatch between the demographic demand for housing and the new supply available. I estimate that in the period 2014-2020 the Catalan household stock increased by 222 thousand units to 3.1 million, while only 50 thousand dwellings were completed. In 2019, the deficit of new housing, measured as the difference between net household growth and completed dwellings, was 35 thousand. Second, demographic demand is no longer stable but cyclical and uncertain. In 2013 some 9 thousand households were added to the stock and, in 2019, 45 thousand. Similar mismatches are happening in Spain as a whole.
In this issue of Perspectives Demogràfiques, I show how the distribution of the demographic components of demand has changed, tending to a greater weight of less stable factors like immigration, which accounted for 93% of net household growth in 2019, or the evolution of household structure, which explained more than 10 thousand additional households per year in the early 2000s. Next, I draw attention to the housing supply-demand mismatch mainly associated with changes in immigration. Finally, I suggest that one of the main challenges of applied demography is how to contribute towards new housing policies that consider the cyclical impact of conjunctures, non-linearity of trends, and uncertainty.
La demanda de vivienda. ¿Quo vadis?
Authors: Módenes Juan A.
Published: July 2023

Uno de los mayores temas de debate político y social en Catalunya y España de los últimos años ha sido el mal funcionamiento del mercado de la vivienda. Proponemos varias explicaciones de origen demográfico para esta cuestión. Primero, existe un problema creciente de desajuste entre la demanda demográfica de viviendas y la nueva oferta disponible. Según nuestras estimaciones, en el periodo expansivo 2014-2020 el stock de hogares catalanes se incrementó en 222 mil unidades hasta los 3,1 millones, mientras que solo se finalizaron 50 mil viviendas. En 2019, el déficit de nueva vivienda, medido como la diferencia entre saldo neto de hogares y viviendas finalizadas, fue de 35 mil. Segundo, la demanda demográfica ya no es estable sino cíclica e incierta. En 2013 se añadieron unos 9 mil hogares al stock, en 2019 45 mil. Desajustes similares están sucediendo en el conjunto de España.
En este Perspectives Demogràfiques, mostramos cómo ha cambiado la distribución de los componentes demográficos de la demanda hacia un mayor peso de los factores menos estables como la inmigración, que explicó el 93% del crecimiento neto de hogares en 2019, y la evolución de la estructura de los hogares, que explicaba más de 10 mil hogares adicionales anuales en los primeros años 2000. A continuación, analizamos la existencia de una desconexión entre la oferta y la demanda de viviendas, asociada fundamentalmente a la inmigración. Por último, sugerimos que uno de los principales desafíos de la demografía aplicada es ser útil para el diseño de nuevas políticas de vivienda, que tengan en cuenta el impacto cíclico de las coyunturas, la no linealidad de las tendencias y la incertidumbre.
Unexpected discovery of a near cryptic Dasypoda species in southern Spain (Hymenoptera: Melittidae)
Authors: Ghisbain Guillaume , Michez Denis , Rosa Paolo , Ferreira Sónia , Wood Thomas J.
Published: July 2023

A new species of pantaloon bee, Dasypoda (Heterodasypoda) radchenkoi Ghisbain & Wood sp. nov., is described from both males and females collected in the limestone mountains of south-western Spain. COI barcodes show an important differentiation from D. morotei Quilis, 1928 of approximately 9.6% but the morphological divergence between the two species is extremely low. Dasypoda radchenkoi sp. nov. is the fifth species of Heterodasypoda found in Iberia, further confirming the peninsula as the center of diversity for the subgenus.
Sessiz istifa ne kadar sessiz
Authors: ÇİMEN Arife İclal , YILMAZ Tuncay
Published: July 2023

Sessiz istifa işverenlerin çalışanlardan istedikleri sınır tanımayan beklentileri ve yoğun çalışma kültürüne tepki olarak doğmuştur, Çalışanların bir tepki olarak iş davranışlarında değişiklik göstermesine neden olan “Quiet Quitting” yani “Sessiz İstifa” kavramı ilk defa 2009 yılında Mark Boldger tarafından ortaya atılmış; 2022 yılında bir TikTok videosuyla popülerliği artmıştır. Sessiz istifayla ilgili sınırlı sayıdaki çalışmaların imkân sağladığı ölçüde kavram detaylı bir şekilde açıklanmaya çalışılmıştır. Sessiz istifa kavramı, işten ayrılmaktan ziyade çalışanların işyerindeki tutum ve davranışlarında köklü birtakım değişikliklere yönelmesidir. Çalışanların işyerlerinde sergiledikleri davranışlar ve yaşadıkları sorunlar, örgüt kültürünü ve organizasyonu doğrudan etkilemektedir. Sessiz istifa kavramıyla ilgili yapılan tanımlardan yola çıkarak bu eğilimin altında yatan temel neden, çalışanların iş yaşamından beklenti ve isteklerini yönetime duyurmak adına, davranışlarında gösterdikleri farklılıklar olarak açıklanabilir. Bu çalışmada, sessiz istifaya neden olan unsurlar, bireylerin bu durumu hangi davranışlarla ortaya koyduğu ve bunları önlemek için neler yapılacağı gibi konular detaylı bir şekilde ele alınmıştır. Çalışan beklentilerini ölçmek ve buna ilişkin uygulamalar geliştirmek, güvenli ve destekleyici bir çalışma ortamı yaratmak sessiz istifayı önlemek için akla ilk gelen çözümlerdir.
Examining cloud vertical structure and radiative effects from satellite retrievals and evaluation of CMIP6 scenarios
Authors: Luo Hao , Quaas Johannes , Han Yong
Published: July 2023

Abstract. Clouds exhibit a wide range of vertical morphologies that
are regulated by distinct atmospheric dynamics and thermodynamics and are
related to a diversity of microphysical properties and radiative effects. In
this study, the new CERES-CloudSat-CALIPSO-MODIS (CCCM) RelD1 dataset is
used to investigate the morphology and spatial distribution of different
cloud vertical structure (CVS) types during 2007–2010. The combined active
and passive satellites provide a more precise CVS than those only based on passive
imagers or microwave radiometers. We group the clouds into 12 CVS classes
based on how they are located or overlapping in three standard atmospheric
layers with pressure thresholds of 440 and 680 hPa. For each of the 12 CVS
types, the global average cloud radiative effects (CREs) at the top of the
atmosphere, within the atmosphere and at the surface, as well as the cloud
heating rate (CHR) profiles are examined. The observations are subsequently
used to evaluate the variations in total, high-, middle- and low-level cloud
fractions in CMIP6 models. The “historical” experiment during 1850–2014 and
two scenarios (ssp245 and ssp585) during 2015–2100 are analyzed. The
observational results show a substantial difference in the spatial pattern
among different CVS types, with the greatest contrast between high and low
clouds. Single-layer cloud fraction is almost 4 times larger on average
than multi-layer cloud fraction, with significant geographic differences associated
with clearly distinguishable regimes, showing that overlapping clouds are
regionally confined. The global average CREs reveal that four types of CVSs
warm the planet, while eight of them cool it. The longwave component drives
the net CHR profile, and the CHR profiles of multi-layer clouds are more
curved and intricate than those of single-layer clouds, resulting in complex
thermal stratifications. According to the long-term analysis from CMIP6, the
projected total cloud fraction decreases faster over land than over the
ocean. The high clouds over the ocean increase significantly, but other
types of clouds over land and the ocean continue to decrease, helping to offset
the decrease in oceanic total cloud fraction. Moreover, it is concluded that
the spatial pattern of CVS types may not be significantly altered by climate
change, and only the cloud fraction is influenced. Our findings suggest that
long-term observed CVS should be emphasized in the future to better
understand CVS responses to anthropogenic forcing and climate change.
Stability assessment of organic sulfur and organosulfate compounds in filter samples for quantification by Fourier- transform infrared spectroscopy
Authors: Anunciado Marife B. , De Boskey Miranda , Haines Laura , Lindskog Katarina , Dombek Tracy , Takahama Satoshi , Dillner Ann M.
Published: July 2023

Abstract. Organic sulfur and sulfate compounds, which are tracers for sources and
atmospheric processes, are not currently measured in national monitoring
networks such as the Interagency Monitoring of Protected Visual Environments
(IMPROVE). The goal of this paper is to begin to assess the stability of
organic sulfur and sulfate-containing compounds on polytetrafluoroethylene
(PTFE) filters and the suitability of Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR)
spectroscopy to measure these compounds. Stability assessment is needed
because PTFE samples collected by IMPROVE are typically stored 6–9 months
prior to analysis. For this study, two organosulfur compounds,
methanesulfonic acid (MSA) and hydroxymethanesulfonate ion (HMS), and two
organosulfate compounds, methyl sulfate (MS) and 2-methyltetrol sulfate
(2-MTS), are collected individually on PTFE filters. Gravimetric mass
measurements are used to assess mass stability over time. FT-IR spectra are
evaluated to assess the capability of measuring the compound from PTFE
filters by assessing the compound stability or chemical changes over time.
Ion chromatography (IC) and inductively coupled plasma optical emission
spectroscopy (ICP-OES) are used as additional tools to assess stability or
chemical changes over time. MS has the highest potential to be measured by
FT-IR in IMPROVE samples. For MS, a simple organosulfate, the mass changes
are within measurement uncertainty and FT-IR spectra indicate no
compositional change over a 4-month period, suggesting that MS can be measured
using FT-IR. IC and ICP-OES support the conclusion that MS is stable on the
filter. However, for 2-MTS, the other organosulfate measured in this study,
spectral changes after a month on the filter suggest that it decomposes into
other organosulfates or an inorganic sulfate. MSA in IMPROVE samples can be
measured, but only as a lower bound, due to volatility off the filter as
indicated by FT-IR and gravimetry. FT-IR and IC both show that MSA does not
chemically change over the course of the study. Measurements by all
methods indicate that HMS is unstable on the PTFE filter, and IC and FT-IR indicate
that it likely converts to inorganic sulfate. Future work includes the
evaluation of these compounds in an ambient aerosol sample matrix to
determine any differences in stability, identifying interference that could
limit quantification, and developing calibrations to measure the compounds or
functional groups in ambient samples.