bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Linear lichen planus in children - case report
Authors: Horowitz Marcia Raquel , Vidal Marcela de Lima , Resende Manuela Oliveira , Teixeira Márcia Almeida Galvão , Cavalcanti Silvana Maria de Morais , Alencar Eliane Ruth Barbosa de
Published: January 2014

Lichen planus is an uncommon disease in children, and only 2 to 3% of affected patients are under twenty years of age. This dermatosis may appear in several clinical forms, which vary according to the morphology and distribution of lesions. In less than 0.2% of all lichen planus cases, the lesions are distributed along the lines of Blaschko, and is a variant called linear lichen planus. This is a case report of a patient aged two years and eight months, who presented keratotic violaceous papules, affecting the abdomen, buttocks and right thigh, distributed along the lines of Blaschko. Histopathological examination confirmed a diagnosis of linear lichen planus.
Inguinal ulcerated sebaceous carcinoma: an unusual presentation
Authors: Lucares David Oschilewski , Bernardes Filho Fred , Vega Hernando , Kac Bernard Kawa , Pereira Maria Rita , Nery José Augusto da Costa
Published: January 2014

Sebaceous carcinoma is a rare and aggressive skin tumor. It can be located in any area of the body, the most commonly involved area being the periorbital region. It does not entail a typical clinical presentation, which explains the often late diagnosis. The aim of this report is to outline the rarity of the disease and its atypical clinical description, since to this day, inguinal ulcers with clinical manifestation have not been reported. We present and discuss a case of sebaceous carcinoma with an unusual clinical presentation, in an elderly male patient. The precise approach to genital ulcers, as shown in this case, is a diagnostic challenge that requires a great deal of effort on the part of the clinician.
Analysis of mutations in the PIK3CA and FGFR3 genes in verrucous epidermal nevus
Authors: Miranda Ludmilla Queirós , Fracaroli Tainá Scalfoni , Fonseca João Carlos Macedo , Fontenelle Elisa , Curvo Raphael Pedro Machado , Porto Luís Cristóvão , Souto Roberto
Published: January 2014

Verrucous epidermal nevi are congenital hamartomas composed of keratinocytes and may occur alone or in association with developmental abnormalities. A close relationship between variations in the PIK3CA and FGFR3 genes and the appearance of nevi has been recently reported. Based on that, we performed molecular assays for the identification of E542K, E545G/K and H1047R mutations in the PIK3CA gene and of the R248C mutation in the FGFR3 gene. Interestingly, during the amplification process, we did not observe the PCR product of exon 9 of the PIK3CA gene, a region comprising amino acids 542-545. This strongly suggests the occurrence of a microdeletion of that region and indicates a possible allelic variant, which has not yet being described in the literature.
Classic Kaposi's sarcoma treated with elastic stockings and outpatient follow-up of a 90-year-old patient
Authors: Trevisan Flavia , Cunha Paulo Rowilson , Pinto Clovis Antonio Lopes , Alves Celia Antonia Xavier de Moraes
Published: January 2014

Kaposi's sarcoma is a multifactorial angioproliferative disorder. The herpes virus 8 human contributes to its pathogenesis, but it is uncertain whether these lesions are only reactive hyperplasia to the virus or neoplasia. Four clinical types are described: classic, endemic, iatrogenic and HIV-associated. Classic Kaposi's sarcoma has no standard staging or treatment protocols. Some studies have shown the use of compression stockings in the treatment of lymphedema associated with Kaposi's sarcoma. We report the case of a 90 year-old patient with classic Kaposi's sarcoma treated with compression stockings who showed a satisfactory response.
Implantation of autologous fat globules in localized scleroderma and idiopathic lipoatrophy - report of five patients
Authors: Zanelato Tiago Pina , Marquesini Giovana , Colpas Paula Tavares , Magalhães Renata Ferreira , Moraes Aparecida Machado de
Published: January 2014

A large number of diseases may cause Atrophic skin disorders are caused by a large number of diseases, some of them idiopathic and others inflammatory, in which there is loss of volume of body segments. Localized scleroderma is a rare inflammatory dermatosis, manifested by atrophic skin and subcutaneous tissue alterations. Lipoatrophy may be genetically inherited or acquired as a result of panniculitis, HIV infections or aging. Many treatments have been proposed. Results vary in the acute inflammatory phase and are scarce when sclerosis and atrophy have already been established. This article describes four cases of localized facial scleroderma and one of facial idiopathic lipoatrophy treated with implantation of autologous fat globules extracted from the infragluteal groove, without utilization of cannula aspiration, with lasting results.
Clinical and surgical therapeutic approach in Erithema Elevatum Diutinum - case report
Authors: Zacaron Luciana Helena , Gonçalves Júlia Costa de Faria , Curty Vanessa Maria Amoreira , D'Acri Antonio Macedo , Lima Ricardo Barbosa , Martins Carlos José
Published: January 2014

Erythema elevatum diutinum is a rare chronic cutaneous vasculitis which usually affects adults. It is characterized by symmetrical and persistent papules, plaques, and nodules. These lesions are usually located on the extensor surfaces of the extremities. We report a case of erythema elevatum diutinum in which the association of dapsone and surgical excision promoted complete remission of skin lesions, providing a new approach to the treatments described in the literature.
Diffuse neurofibroma - an uncommon cause of alopecia
Authors: Macias Vasco Coelho , Rafael Margarida , Fernandes Cândida , Rosa Joaninha Costa
Published: January 2014

Although infrequent, alopecia can be caused by benign cutaneous tumours. Neurofibromas are common benign tumors that originate in the peripheral nerve sheath. Diffuse neurofibroma is a rare variant of neurofibroma that is thought to occur mainly in the head and neck of children and young adults. Histology generally shows an infiltrative tumor, composed of spindle cells in the dermis and subcutaneous tissue. Despite being rare, malignant transformation has been reported. The association between diffuse neurofibromas and neurofibromatosis type 1 still remains to be determined since some authors question the low incidence usually described. We report the case of a 42-year-old man who had a diffuse neurofibroma on the scalp presenting as alopecic plaques.
Birt-Hogg-Dubé syndrome
Authors: Lencastre André , Ponte Pedro , Apetato Margarida , Nunes Luis , Lestre Sara
Published: January 2014

A 45-year-old woman with a history of renal carcinoma was observed for facial, cervical and truncal flesh-colored papules. Relatives had similar skin findings and a brother had repeated episodes of pneumothorax. The computerized tomography scan revealed multiple cysts on both lungs. A skin biopsy revealed a perifollicular fibroma. The clinical diagnosis of Birt-Hogg-Dubé syndrome (BHDS) was corroborated by identification of a novel frameshift c.573delGAinsT (p.G191fsX31) mutation in heterozygosity on exon 6 of the folliculin gene. The presence of multiple and typical benign hair follicle tumors highlights the role of the dermatologist in the diagnosis of this rare genodermatosis that is associated with an increased risk of renal cell cancer and pulmonary cysts, warranting personal and familial follow-up and counseling.
Mosaic epidermolytic ichthyosis - case report
Authors: Mendes Marcela Sena Teixeira , Kouzak Samara Silva , Aquino Thaissa Araújo , Takano Gustavo Henrique Soares , Lima Antonio de Padua
Published: January 2014

Epidermolytic ichthyosis is a rare autosomal dominant disease that manifests at birth with fragile blisters and erosions that evolve into hyperkeratotic lesions associated or not with erythroderma. When the disease is associated with a mutation in cytokeratin 1, it may be related to hyperkeratosis of palms and soles, but this is not usually found when cytokeratin 10 is mutated. The disease can present in a mosaic form, due to post zygotic mutation of the gene involved, constituting an individual formed by two populations of genetically distinct cells - one carrier of the mutation and the other without it. We report a case of mosaic epidermolytic ichthyosis diagnosed in a female patient.
Subcutaneous fat necrosis of the newborn: clinical manifestations in two cases
Authors: Gomes Milena Pires de Campos Luciano , Porro Adriana Maria , Enokihara Milvia Maria Simões da Silva , Floriano Marcos César
Published: January 2014

Subcutaneous fat necrosis of the newborn is an unusual form of panniculitis, with few cases described in medical literature. The disease affects newborns at term or post-term, with normal general health. We describe two cases of newborns affected by the disease. One of them already had lesions since birth. Also, we discuss the use of puncture for diagnostic assistance.
Vulvoperineal Crohn's disease responsive to metronidazole
Authors: Rosmaninho Aristóteles , Sanches Madalena , Salgado Marta , Alves Rosário , Selores Manuela
Published: January 2014

Crohn's disease is a multisystem chronic granulomatous inflammatory disease that primarily affects the gastrointestinal tract. In the majority of the cases, the cutaneous manifestations follow the intestinal disease, but occasionally dermatological lesions are the inaugural event and may constitute the only sign of the disease. Vulvoperineal involvement is rare, may precede bowel symptoms by months to years and may go unrecognized. Due to the paucity of reports of Crohn's disease at this location and in the absence of randomized trials, there are no standard treatments for the cutaneous disease. We describe the case of a 47 year-old woman with vulvoperineal Crohn's disease without digestive involvement, that was successfully managed with metronidazole.
Calciphylaxis: a rare but potentially fatal event of chronic kidney disease. Case report
Authors: Marques Silvio Alencar , Kakuda Aline Cruz , Mendaçolli Thais Jung , Abbade Luciana P. Fernandes , Marques Mariângela Esther Alencar
Published: January 2014

Calciphylaxis or calcific uremic arteriolopathy is a rare cutaneous-systemic disease occurring in patients with advanced chronic kidney disease. The classical clinical picture is that of a necrotic and progressive skin ulcer of reticular pattern, mostly in the lower legs and susceptible to local infection. It is a product of mural calcification and occlusion of cutaneous and sub-cutaneous arteries and arterioles. The authors report the case of a 73-year-old male patient in his late stage of renal disease presenting severe necrotic cutaneous ulcers on lower legs followed by local and systemic infection and death due to sepse after parathyroidectomy.
Epidermodysplasia verruciformis in a young man with HIV since birth - case report
Authors: Meireles Sheila Itamara Ferreira do Couto , Andrade Sônia Maria Fonseca de , Lima Júnior Cristiano Luiz Horta de , Pires Mario Cezar
Published: January 2014

Epidermodysplasia Verruciformis is a genodermatosis characterized by susceptibility to infection by specific HPV types (HPV 3/10 and beta-HPVs). It is considered to be the first model in human carcinogenesis induced by HPV. In this report we present a rare case of Epidermodysplasia Verruciformis associated with vertical transmission of HIV. Although most patients with HIV present infections by HPV virus, the frequency of Epidermodysplasia Verruciformis is no greater in patients with HIV because in EV there is a deficiency of specific cellular immunity to infection by some types of HPV, called HPV-related Epidermodysplasia Verruciformis.
A case of Paraneoplastic Pemphigus associated with Castleman's disease
Authors: Zeng Meihua , Zhang Min , Hu Wenxing , Kong Qingtao , Sang Hong , Xu Xiulian
Published: January 2014

We present a case of PNP associated with Castleman's Disease. We have also reviewed the literature and described the characteristics of the two associated diseases. Gene clonal rearrangement was done to help diagnosis. We used, in addition, stereotactic radiosurgery which, as far as we know, has never before been employed to treat PNP associated with Castleman's Disease. This produced a good response, suggesting that it might be a good alternative treatment for PNP associated with Castleman's Disease when it is too difficult to operate.
Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in mycosis fungoides
Authors: Atalla Angelo , Hallack Neto Abrahão Elias , Siqueira Denise Bittencourt , Toledo Gabriela Cumani
Published: January 2014

Mycosis Fungoides is typically an indolent disease in early stages. However, approximately 30% of patients have advanced staged disease at presentation and 20% will develop it at some time. These patients have a poorer prognosis with a median survival of 2-4 years. The only curative option for mycosis fungoides may be hematopoietic allogeneic stem cell transplantation. We report the case of a patient with mycosis fungoides in an advanced stage (IIB), refractory to treatment options. She underwent allogeneic hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). The patient remains in complete remission nineteen months after allo-HSCT. Allogeneic transplantation can alter the natural history of mycosis fungoides and should be considered in patients who have refractory disease or short-lived responses with standard therapies.
Granuloma faciale: a rare disease from a dermoscopy perspective
Authors: Teixeira Danilo Augusto , Estrozi Bruna , Ianhez Mayra
Published: January 2014

The granuloma faciale is a rare and benign skin disease of unknown etiology, characterized by chronic leukocitoclastic vasculitis. It is characterized by skin lesions predominantly facial whose course is chronic and slowly progressive. The diagnosis is based on clinical features, histopathology and, more recently, in dermoscopy. We describe the case of a male patient, 40 years old, with a sarcoid lesion on the malar site, whose histopathological examination revealed a mixed inflammatory infiltrate with presence of Grenz zone. Dermoscopy revealed a pink background with white striations. The definitive diagnosis is made by histopathologic evaluation, and dermatoscopy can be helpful. It is known to be resistant to therapy, oral medications, intralesional and surgical procedures are options.
Acral pseudolymphomatous angiokeratoma: case report and literature review
Authors: Lessa Priscila Pacheco , Jorge Juliana Chaib Ferreira , Ferreira Flávia Regina , Lira Marcia Lanzoni de Alvarenga , Mandelbaum Samuel Henrique
Published: January 2014

The authors describe a case of a female patient with Acral Pseudolymphomatous Angiokeratoma of Children, known as APACHE. It is a rare benign cutaneous disease, of unknown etiology, characterized by multiple, asymptomatic erythematous-violaceous papules and nodules, usually located unilaterally with acral distribution. Today, this denomination is questionable, since there are published reports of this disease in adults and in different locations. Clinically, it is similar to an angiokeratoma, whereas hystologically, it corresponds to a distinct type of pseudolymphoma. The immunohistochemical study is required to distinguish APACHE from cutaneous lymphoma.
Cutaneous metastasis of colon adenocarcinoma: case report and review of the literature
Authors: Nesseris Ioannis , Tsamakis Charalambos , Gregoriou Stamatis , Ditsos Ilias , Christofidou Eleftheria , Rigopoulos Dimitris
Published: January 2014

Skin metastases from colorectal carcinoma are rare and signal advanced disease. We present a case of an 80-year-old male with a large skin metastatic focus in the lower abdomen, a year after resection of a colonic adenocarcinoma. The patient had already finished receiving his first cycle of chemotherapy shortly before the discovery of the abdominal nodules and at the same period a chest X-ray, revealed shadows at the base of the right lung.
Pyoderma gangrenosum with renal and splenic impairment - case report
Authors: Carvalho Luciana Rabelo de , Zanuncio Virgínia Vinha , Gontijo Bernardo
Published: January 2014

Pyoderma gangrenosum is an uncommon and recurrent neutrophilic dermatosis of unknown cause. The lesions usually start as tender sterile papulopustules or erythematous nodules that undergo necrosis followed by ulceration. The lower limbs are most commonly affected and around half of the cases are associated with systemic disorders. Although rare, cases of pyoderma gangrenosum with extramucocutaneous sterile neutrophilic infiltrate have been reported, with the lungs being the most commonly affected organ. We report a case of pyoderma gangrenosum with splenic and renal impairment. Pyoderma gangrenosum should be considered a multisystemic disease with classic cutaneous manifestations and potential involvement of internal organs.
Exacerbation of recalcitrant cutaneous sarcoidosis with adalimumab - a paradoxical effect? A case report
Authors: Santos Guida , Sousa Lourdes Emerenciano , João Alexandre Miguel Bruno Lopes
Published: January 2014

The paradoxical adverse effects of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) antagonists have been described frequently as a result of the widespread use of these drugs. Among the TNF-alpha blocking agents, few reports exist relating the use of adalimumab in cutaneous sarcoidosis, although all of them show good results. More recently, sarcoidosis onsets have been reported with various TNF-alpha inhibitors. The current case is, to our knowledge, the first to describe the exacerbation of cutaneous lesions of sarcoidosis treated with adalimumab.
Bazex Syndrome
Authors: Rodrigues Júnior Ismael Alves , Gresta Letícia Trivellato , Cruz Rafaela Carolina , Carvalho Giselly Gomes , Moreira Melissa Heringer Chamon Barros Quintão
Published: January 2014

Acrokeratosis Paraneoplastica or Bazex syndrome is a dermatologic manifestation usually associated with the diagnosis of squamous cell carcinoma of the upper aerodigestive tract. We report a case with exuberant clinical manifestations, exemplifying the typical cutaneous lesions in this rare syndrome, in a patient with squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus.
Sacroiliitis after use of oral isotretinoin - association with acne fulminans or adverse effect?
Authors: Geller Ariane Silva Bastos , Alagia Roberta Ferreira Nazareth
Published: January 2014

Acne fulminans is a rare and severe form of acne that may evolve from acne vulgaris, especially in male adolescents, or occur as an adverse effect of oral isotretinoin. Arthritis is a serious clinical manifestation when the musculoskeletal system is compromised by AF and has been reported as a rare adverse effect of isotretinoin. Involvement of the sacroiliac joints occurs in 21% of acne fulminans cases. We present the case of a 18-year-old male patient in whom acne fulminans evolved from acne vulgaris grade IV and after inflammation resolution started treatment with oral isotretinoin. Within a 30-day period of retinoid treatment he presented with back pain followed by rapid, progressive inability to deambulate.
Primary systemic amyloidosis, acquired cutis laxa and cutaneous mucinosis in a patient with multiple myeloma
Authors: Lavorato Fernanda Guedes , Alves Maria de Fátima Guimarães Scotelaro , Maceira Juan Manuel Piñeiro , Unterstell Natasha , Serpa Laura Araújo , Azulay-Abulafia Luna
Published: January 2014

A 57-year-old woman presented with periorbital ecchymoses, laxity in skin folds, polyneuropathy and bilateral carpal tunnel syndrome. A skin biopsy of the axillary lesion demonstrated fragmentation of elastic fibers, but with a negative von Kossa stain, consistent with cutis laxa. The diagnosis of primary systemic amyloidosis was made by the presence of amyloid material in the eyelid using histopathological techniques, besides this, the patient was also diagnosed with purpura, polyneuropathy, bilateral carpal tunnel syndrome and monoclonal gammopathy. She was diagnosed as suffering from multiple myeloma based on the finding of 40% plasma cells in the bone marrow, component M in the urine and anemia. The patient developed blisters with a clear content, confirmed as mucinosis by the histopathological exam. The final diagnoses were: primary systemic amyloidosis, acquired cutis laxa and mucinosis, all related to multiple myeloma.
Pyoderma gangrenosum in a newborn - case report
Authors: Carneiro Francisca Regina Oliveira , Santos Maria Amélia Lopes dos , Sousa Brena Andrade de , Nascimento Carla do Socorro Silva do , Amin Gabriela Athayde , Moutinho Ana Thais Machado
Published: January 2014

Pyoderma gangrenosum is a rare, inflammatory, chronic and recurrent disease of unknown etiology, characterized by noninfectious, necrotizing and painful cutaneous ulcers. Usually it affects adults aged between 25 and 54 years old and rarely children (less than 4%), in which it mainly affects the head, face, buttocks, genital and perianal region. The disease presents a quick response to systemic corticosteroids. We report a case of a newborn with hemorrhagic and necrotic ulcers, distributed in the abdomen, buttocks and genital region with rapid and effective response to oral prednisone.
Pyoderma gangrenosum: skin grafting and hyperbaric oxygen as adjuvants in the treatment of a deep and extensive ulcer
Authors: Araújo Fernanda Mendes , Kondo Rogério Nabor , Minelli Lorivaldo
Published: January 2014

Pyoderma gangrenosum is a rare dermatosis of unknown etiology and variable clinical presentation. The disease is challenging for the medical staff, from the frequent diagnostic difficulties to the lack of scientific evidence with a good level to support the management of extensive and refractory cases. Our patient is a 50 year-old man with an extensive and deep ulcer on the left leg, which exemplifies the therapeutic difficulties inherent to the disease and who, fortunately, has progressed with excellent result after association of hyperbaric oxygen therapy and skin grafting to the immunosuppression therapy initially proposed.
Porokeratosis of Mibelli - literature review and a case report
Authors: Ferreira Flávia Regina , Santos Leopoldo Duailibe Nogueira , Tagliarini Fernando Augusto Nogueira Mendes , Lira Marcia Lanzoni de Alvarenga
Published: January 2014

Porokeratosis is a disorder of epidermal keratinization characterized by annular plaques with an atrophic center and hyperkeratotic edges, and includes a heterogeneous group of disorders that are mostly inherited in an autosomal dominant form. This report describes a 5 year-old female patient, with porokeratosis of Mibelli confirmed histopathologically. The rarity of this disorder, its clinical exuberance and the destructive character of the lesions, as well as the facial and mucosal involvements, unusual in this form of porokeratosis, and also its onset in early childhood motivated this report.
Use of the bilobed flap in the pubic region after tumoral lesion excision
Authors: Sampaio Felipe Maurício Soeiro , Miller Marcela Duarte Benez , Gualberto Gustavo Vieira , Galhardo Maria Clara Gutierrez , Valle Antonio Carlos Francesconi do , Souza Paulo Roberto Cotrim de
Published: January 2014

Reconstruction of surgical defects in the pubic region is a challenge to any surgeon. Our goal was to demonstrate the use of the bilobed flap to reconstruct the pubic region skin after the excision of a recurrent HPV lesion, resistant to conventional treatments. In spite of its classical use in nasal reconstructions, the bilobed flap has applications in extranasal defects, with excellent functional and aesthetic results.
Characterization techniques of packing material colonization in gas biofiltration processes
Authors: Andres Yves , Dumont Eric , Gerente Claire
Published: January 2014

Biological air treatment is largely used for the decontamination of large air streams with low pollutant concentrations. As a result of microbial metabolism, the pollutants are degraded into carbon dioxide and water or converted into cell biomass. Three main research domains have emerged within the field of biofiltration: filter bed development, process optimization, and microbiological studies (community, nutrients, …). The objective of this paper is to focus on the microbial activities in air biofiltration processes. The nutrient contribution and the packing material effects are described. Special attention is paid to the description of techniques for the characterization and identification of the microbial population.
The spatial structure of bacterial communities is influenced by historical environmental conditions
Authors: Andersson Martin G. I. , Berga Mercè , Lindström Eva S. , Langenheder Silke
Published: January 2014

The spatial structure of ecological communities, including that of bacteria, is often influenced by species sorting by contemporary environmental conditions. Moreover, historical processes, i.e., ecological and evolutionary events that have occurred at some point in the past, such as dispersal limitation, drift, priority effects, or selection by past environmental conditions, can be important, but are generally investigated much less. Here, we conducted a field study using 16 rock pools, where we specifically compared the importance of past vs. contemporary environmental conditions for bacterial community structure by correlating present differences in bacterial community composition among pools to environmental conditions measured on the same day, as well as to those measured 2, 4, 6, and 8 d earlier. The results prove that selection by past environmental conditions exists, since we were able to show that bacterial communities are, to a greater extent, an imprint of past compared to contemporary environmental conditions. We suggest that this is the result of a combination of different mechanisms, including priority effects that cause rapid adaptation to new environmental conditions of taxa that have been initially selected by past environmental conditions, and slower rates of turnover in community composition compared to environmental conditions.
Predicting population‐level risk effects of predation from the responses of individuals
Authors: MacLeod Colin D. , MacLeod Ross , Learmonth Jennifer A. , Cresswell Will , Pierce Graham J.
Published: January 2014

Fear of predation produces large effects on prey population dynamics through indirect risk effects that can cause even greater impacts than direct predation mortality. As yet, there is no general theoretical framework for predicting when and how these population risk effects will arise in specific prey populations, meaning that there is often little consideration given to the key role predator risk effects can play in understanding conservation and wildlife management challenges. Here, we propose that population predator risk effects can be predicted through an extension of individual risk trade‐off theory and show for the first time that this is the case in a wild vertebrate system. Specifically, we demonstrate that the timing (in specific months of the year), occurrence (at low food availability), cause (reduction in individual energy reserves), and type (starvation mortality) of a population‐level predator risk effect can be successfully predicted from individual responses using a widely applicable theoretical framework (individual‐based risk trade‐off theory). Our results suggest that individual‐based risk trade‐off frameworks could allow a wide range of population‐level predator risk effects to be predicted from existing ecological theory, which would enable risk effects to be more routinely integrated into consideration of population processes and in applied situations such as conservation.
Clinical Outcomes of Using Lasers for Peri‐Implantitis Surface Detoxification: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Mailoa James , Lin Guo‐Hao , Chan Hsun‐Liang , MacEachern Mark , Wang Hom‐Lay
Published: January 2014

The aim of this systematic review is to compare the clinical outcomes of lasers with other commonly applied detoxification methods for treating peri‐implantitis. An electronic search of four databases and a hand search of peer‐reviewed journals for relevant articles were conducted. Comparative human clinical trials and case series with ≥6 months of follow‐up in ≥10 patients with peri‐implantitis treated with lasers were included. Additionally, animal studies applying lasers for treating peri‐implantitis were also included. The included studies had to report probing depth (PD) reduction after the therapy.

Results: Seven human prospective clinical trials and two animal studies were included. In four and three human studies, lasers were accompanied with surgical and non‐surgical treatments, respectively. The meta‐analyses showed an overall weighted mean difference of 0.00 mm (95% confidence interval = −0.18 to 0.19 mm) PD reduction between the laser and conventional treatment groups (P = 0.98) for non‐surgical intervention. In animal studies, laser‐treated rough‐surface implants had a higher percentage of bone‐to‐implant contact than smooth‐surface implants. In a short‐term follow‐up, lasers resulted in similar PD reduction when compared with conventional implant surface decontamination methods.
Health care economics in Serbia: Current problems and changes
Authors: Stosic Sanja , Karanovic Nevena
Published: January 2014

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Endurance and resistance training in rehabilitation of patients with multiple sclerosis
Authors: Nedeljkovic Una , Dubljanin-Raspopovic Emilija , Ilic Nela , Dackovic Jelena , Dujmovic Irena
Published: January 2014

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Investor Horizon and CEO Horizon Incentives
Authors: Cadman Brian , Sunder Jayanthi
Published: January 2014

We examine the relation between shareholder investment horizon and chief executive officer (CEO) horizon incentives derived from compensation contracts. We find that influential incumbent shareholders provide managers with short-horizon incentives to maximize current firm value when these shareholders plan to sell their stock. Specifically, we use the initial public offering (IPO) setting in which venture capitalists (VCs) represent short-horizon, controlling investors with strong selling incentives after the IPO. We predict and find that VCs' short-term incentives influence CEO's annual horizon incentives following the IPO. At the same time, institutional monitoring limits the influence of VCs on annual, short-horizon incentives. To preempt this disciplining by market participants, VCs grant equity prior to the IPO that correspond with their short-horizons and result in shorter portfolio horizon incentives for the CEO after the IPO. We also document a positive relation between long-run abnormal stock returns and horizon incentives, consistent with horizon incentives influencing management actions.

Data Availability: All data are publicly available from the sources indicated in the paper.
The Impact of Mandatory IFRS Adoption on IPOs in Global Capital Markets
Authors: Hong Hyun A. , Hung Mingyi , Lobo Gerald J.
Published: January 2014

This study examines the impact of mandatory IFRS adoption on IPO underpricing and the relative amount of IPO capital raised in foreign markets. Using a difference-in-differences design, we find a decrease in IPO underpricing and an increase in the relative proceeds from foreign markets following mandatory IFRS adoption. We also find that mandatory IFRS adoption has a greater impact on IPO underpricing and relative foreign proceeds for firms in countries with a larger number of accounting changes, and this relation is more pronounced among firms in countries with stronger implementation credibility. In addition, we find that the decrease in underpricing associated with mandatory IFRS adoption holds for both domestic IPOs and global IPOs, and this effect is more pronounced for global IPOs than for domestic IPOs. Overall, our study contributes to the literature by documenting the impact of changes in financial accounting standards on IPO underpricing and capital market globalization.
Evaluating Proposed Remedies for Credit Rating Agency Failures
Authors: Jollineau S. Jane , Tanlu Lloyd J. , Winn Amanda
Published: January 2014

Regulators and the financial press have criticized credit rating agencies (CRAs) for exacerbating the financial crisis by providing overly optimistic debt ratings. Allegedly, CRAs departed from their quantitative models in order to please security issuers with higher credit ratings. In response, the Dodd-Frank Act of 2010 required the Securities and Exchange Commission to conduct a study on alternative models for compensating CRAs. We conduct an experiment exploring how the credit ratings of M.B.A. students, who assume the role of credit rating analysts, are affected by two proposals for reform: (1) changing who pays the CRAs, and (2) requiring analysts to justify departures from a quantitative model. We find that credit ratings are highest when the borrower pays CRAs for ratings and a justification requirement is not in place. Implementing either proposed reform independently reduces credit ratings, but credit ratings are not further reduced when both reforms are implemented together.

Data Availability: Data are available from the authors upon request.
LECT2 Functions as a Hepatokine That Links Obesity to Skeletal Muscle Insulin Resistance
Authors: Lan Fei , Misu Hirofumi , Chikamoto Keita , Takayama Hiroaki , Kikuchi Akihiro , Mohri Kensuke , Takata Noboru , Hayashi Hiroto , Matsuzawa-Nagata Naoto , Takeshita Yumie , Noda Hiroyo , Matsumoto Yukako , Ota Tsuguhito , Nagano Toru , Nakagen Masatoshi , Miyamoto Ken-ichi , Takatsuki Kanako , Seo Toru , Iwayama Kaito , Tokuyama Kunpei , Matsugo Seiichi , Tang Hong , Saito Yoshiro , Yamagoe Satoshi , Kaneko Shuichi , Takamura Toshinari
Published: January 2014

Recent articles have reported an association between fatty liver disease and systemic insulin resistance in humans, but the causal relationship remains unclear. The liver may contribute to muscle insulin resistance by releasing secretory proteins called hepatokines. Here we demonstrate that leukocyte cell–derived chemotaxin 2 (LECT2), an energy-sensing hepatokine, is a link between obesity and skeletal muscle insulin resistance. Circulating LECT2 positively correlated with the severity of both obesity and insulin resistance in humans. LECT2 expression was negatively regulated by starvation-sensing kinase adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase in H4IIEC hepatocytes. Genetic deletion of LECT2 in mice increased insulin sensitivity in the skeletal muscle. Treatment with recombinant LECT2 protein impaired insulin signaling via phosphorylation of Jun NH2-terminal kinase in C2C12 myocytes. These results demonstrate the involvement of LECT2 in glucose metabolism and suggest that LECT2 may be a therapeutic target for obesity-associated insulin resistance.
A Humanized Mouse Model of Autoimmune Insulitis
Authors: Viehmann Milam Ashley A. , Maher Stephen E. , Gibson Joanna A. , Lebastchi Jasmin , Wen Li , Ruddle Nancy H. , Herold Kevan C. , Bothwell Alfred L.M.
Published: January 2014

Many mechanisms of and treatments for type 1 diabetes studied in the NOD mouse model have not been replicated in human disease models. Thus, the field of diabetes research remains hindered by the lack of an in vivo system in which to study the development and onset of autoimmune diabetes. To this end, we characterized a system using human CD4+ T cells pulsed with autoantigen-derived peptides. Six weeks after injection of as few as 0.5 × 106 antigen-pulsed cells into the NOD-Scid Il2rg−/− mouse expressing the human HLA-DR4 transgene, infiltration of mouse islets by human T cells was seen. Although islet infiltration occurred with both healthy and diabetic donor antigen-pulsed CD4+ T cells, diabetic donor injections yielded significantly greater levels of insulitis. Additionally, significantly reduced insulin staining was observed in mice injected with CD4+ T-cell lines from diabetic donors. Increased levels of demethylated β-cell–derived DNA in the bloodstream accompanied this loss of insulin staining. Together, these data show that injection of small numbers of autoantigen-reactive CD4+ T cells can cause a targeted, destructive infiltration of pancreatic β-cells. This model may be valuable for understanding mechanisms of induction of human diabetes.
Evaluation of blood cardiac troponin I concentrations obtained with a cage-side analyzer to differentiate cats with cardiac and noncardiac causes of dyspnea
Authors: Wells Scott M. , Shofer Frances S. , Walters Patricia C. , Stamoulis Mark E. , Cole Steven G. , Sleeper Meg M.
Published: January 2014

Objective—To determine whether measurement of blood cardiac troponin I (cTnI) concentrations with a cage-side analyzer could be used to differentiate cardiac from noncardiac causes of dyspnea in cats.

Design—Prospective, multicenter study.

Animals—44 client-owned cats with dyspnea and 37 healthy staff-owned cats.

Procedures—Affected cats were examined because of dyspnea; treatment was administered in accordance with the attending clinician's discretion. Cats were judged to have a cardiac or noncardiac cause of dyspnea on the basis of results of physical examination, thoracic radiography, and echocardiography. Blood cTnI concentrations were determined with a cage-side analyzer on samples collected within 12 hours after admission of affected cats. Concentrations for healthy cats were obtained for comparison.

Results—5 enrolled cats were excluded from the study because of concurrent cardiac and respiratory disease. Of the remaining 39 cats with dyspnea, 25 had a cardiac cause and 14 had a noncardiac cause. The 25 cats with a cardiac cause of dyspnea had a significantly higher blood cTnI concentration than did the 37 healthy cats or the 14 cats with a noncardiac cause of dyspnea.

Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Measurement of cTnI concentrations with a cage-side assay in emergency settings may be useful for differentiating cardiac from noncardiac causes of dyspnea in cats.
Evaluation of application of a carpal brace as a treatment for carpal ligament instability in dogs: 14 cases (2008–2011)
Authors: Tomlinson Julia E. , Manfredi Jane M.
Published: January 2014

Objective—To determine whether carpal brace application is a viable treatment for dogs with unilateral carpal ligament instability.

Design—Retrospective case series.

Animals—14 client-owned athletic dogs.

Procedures—Medical records were reviewed to identify dogs treated with a brace for unilateral carpal valgus or varus instability between August 2008 and August 2011. Treatment included passive motion and isometric strengthening exercises during brace application.

Results—Of the 14 dogs, 11 were considered to have returned to normal function; 11 of 12 dogs returned to agility competition. Carpal measurements before treatment indicated the affected limb had significantly greater valgus measurements (median, 30°; range, 30° to 35°), significantly greater varus measurements (median, 15°; range, 15° to 25°), and significantly less flexion (median, 37.5°; range, 30° to 45°), compared with results for the contralateral carpus. Long-term monitoring revealed no differences in measurements between affected and contralateral limbs. Valgus measurements of the affected carpus at brace removal (median, 15°; range, 15° to 20°) and at the end of long-term monitoring (median, 15°; range, 15° to 20°) were significantly lower than measurements before treatment (median, 30°; range, 30° to 35°). Dogs had significantly lower lameness scores (assessed on a scale of 0 to 5) at brace removal (median, 0; range, 0) and at the end of monitoring (median, 0; range, 0 to 2), compared with scores before treatment (median, 3; range, 1 to 3).

Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Application of a carpal brace resulted in improved stability and resolution or reduction in lameness in dogs with carpal ligament instability.
Presumed solitary intraocular or conjunctival lymphoma in dogs and cats: 9 cases (1985–2013)
Authors: Wiggans K. Tomo , Skorupski Katherine A. , Reilly Christopher M. , Frazier Sara A. , Dubielzig Richard R. , Maggs David J.
Published: January 2014

Objective—To determine prevalence, reason for evaluation, treatment, and outcome for dogs and cats with presumed solitary ocular lymphoma (PSOL).

Design—Retrospective case series.

Animals—7 dogs and 2 cats with PSOL.

Procedures—Medical records were reviewed. Progression-free survival time (PFST) and overall survival time (OST) were determined.

Results—Animals with intraocular (4 dogs and 1 cat) or conjunctival (3 dogs and 1 cat) lymphoma represented 0.1% and 0.08% of patients with lymphoma evaluated at the hospital during the study period, respectively. Animals with intraocular lymphoma represented 0.19% of all patients with uveitis; animals with conjunctival lymphoma represented 0.16% of all patients with conjunctivitis. Tumors included B-cell (2 intraocular and 1 conjunctival), non–B-cell, non–T-cell (1 intraocular), and T-cell (3 conjunctival) neoplasms; immunophenotype of 2 uveal lymphomas was not determined. Treatments included enucleation (4 intraocular) and chemotherapy (3 intraocular and 2 conjunctival). All dogs with intraocular lymphoma developed neurologic signs. Lymph node metastasis was detected in 2 patients with conjunctival lymphoma. Median PFST and OST were 178 days for all animals with PSOL, dogs with PSOL, and animals with intraocular lymphoma. Median PFST and OST for animals with conjunctival lymphoma were 221 and 549 days, respectively.

Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Results indicated PSOL was uncommon, but should be considered a differential diagnosis for animals with uveitis or conjunctivitis. Performance of MRI and cytologic analysis of CSF and regional lymph node aspirate samples may be beneficial for such patients. Prognosis seemed to be better for animals with conjunctival lymphoma than it was for those with intraocular lymphoma.
Laboratory preparedness in EU/EEA countries for detection of novel avian influenza A(H7N9) virus, May 2013
Authors: Broberg E , Pereyaslov D , Struelens M , Palm D , Meijer A , Ellis J , Zambon M , McCauley J , Daniels R
Published: January 2014

Following human infections with novel avian influenza A(H7N9) viruses in China, the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control, the World Health Organization (WHO) Regional Office for Europe and the European Reference Laboratory Network for Human Influenza (ERLI-Net) rapidly posted relevant information, including real-time RT-PCR protocols. An influenza RNA sequence-based computational assessment of detection capabilities for this virus was conducted in 32 national influenza reference laboratories in 29 countries, mostly WHO National Influenza Centres participating in the WHO Global Influenza Surveillance and Response System (GISRS). Twenty-seven countries considered their generic influenza A virus detection assay to be appropriate for the novel A(H7N9) viruses. Twenty-two countries reported having containment facilities suitable for its isolation and propagation. Laboratories in 27 countries had applied specific H7 real-time RT-PCR assays and 20 countries had N9 assays in place. Positive control virus RNA was provided by the WHO Collaborating Centre in London to 34 laboratories in 22 countries to allow evaluation of their assays. Performance of the generic influenza A virus detection and H7 and N9 subtyping assays was good in 24 laboratories in 19 countries. The survey showed that ERLI-Net laboratories had rapidly developed and verified good capability to detect the novel A(H7N9) influenza viruses.
Internet-based syndromic monitoring of acute respiratory illness in the general population of Germany, weeks 35/2011 to 34/2012
Authors: Bayer C , Remschmidt C , an der Heiden M , Tolksdorf K , Herzhoff M , Kaersten S , Buda S , Haas W , Buchholz U
Published: January 2014

Binary file ES_Abstracts_Final_ECDC.txt matches
Research in the Hard Sciences, and in Very Hard “Softer” Domains
Authors: Phillips D. C.
Published: January 2014

The author of this commentary argues that physical scientists are attempting to advance knowledge in the so-called hard sciences, whereas education researchers are laboring to increase knowledge and understanding in an “extremely hard” but softer domain. Drawing on the work of Popper and Dewey, this commentary highlights the relative similarities between hard sciences and education research in their rhetorical nature, while acknowledging the divergent paths of these two fields of inquiry with regard to prediction and generalizability. The author suggests that given the highly contextualized nature of educational processes, embedded in shifting complex social settings, and the relevance of all variables, very little education research is able to pursue predictive power.
The Similarities Between Research in Education and Research in the Hard Sciences
Authors: Wieman Carl E.
Published: January 2014

In this commentary, the author argues that there is a considerable degree of similarity between research in the hard sciences and education and that this provides a useful lens for thinking about what constitutes “rigorous” and “scientific” education research. He suggests that the fundamental property of hard science research is its predictive power, a property that can equally be applied to large- and small-scale and quantitative and qualitative research in education. Although variables may differ and methods of collection may not be the same, researchers do their best to measure and/or control those variables that matter, and design experiments and subsequent tests to ensure that those that can neither be measured nor fully controlled are unlikely to change the results in significant ways. He concludes that although fields like physics or chemistry are mature sciences, the “cutting-edge” work in these fields is often “messy,” as researchers struggle to determine which variables are important. He suggests that education research often resembles the patterns seen in cutting-edge research in the “hard” sciences, as researchers are struggling to identify variables that are important to the problem.
Transmission Measurements as Tool to Study Phase Transitions of Liquid Mixtures
Authors: Laupheimer Michaela , Stubenrauch Cosima
Published: January 2014

We present a quantitative method to determine the phase transition temperatures between one-phase and two-phase regions of multi-component liquid mixtures via temperature-dependent transmission measurements with an UV/Vis spectrometer. The method is based on the fact that multi-phase samples are turbid, while one-phase samples are transparent. We describe the method in detail and discuss the choice of the experimental parameters (wavelength, sample layer thickness), a suitable temperature program as well as the data analysis. We prove the validity of our method by measuring the phase diagrams of two model systems, namely a liquid and a gelled microemulsion. The results are in good agreement with those obtained with the conventional visual method used for phase studies.
Synthesis and Surface Active Properties of Dimeric Gemini Sulfonate Surfactants
Authors: Zhao Jinzhou , Zhou Ming , Wang Xu , Yang Yan
Published: January 2014

Dimeric Gemini sulfonate surfactants 1,2-di-(2-oxoypropyl sulfonate-3-alkylether- propoxy) ethane were prepared by the reaction of ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether with long-chain alcohols, followed by sulfonation with 1,3-propane sultone. Ethylene glycol ether was synthesized by the reaction of epichlorohydrin with ethylene glycol. The chemical structures of the prepared compounds were confirmed by FTIR, 1H NMR and elementary analysis. With the increasing length of the carbon chain, the values of their CMC initially decreased. The longer alkyl chain is, the higher melting point is. The Krafft point of Gemini sulfonate surfactants was below 0°C and they had good water solubility. These compounds were superior in surface active properties to general sulfonate surfactants SDS. The efficiency of adsorption at the water/air interface (pC20) of these surfactants was very high. Their foaming properties and wetting ability toward a felt chip, and lime-soap dispersing ability were investigated.