bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Asymptotic Behavior of Generalized Eigenvectors of Jacobi Matrices in the Critical (“Double Root”) Case
Authors: Janas J. , Naboko Sergey , Sheronova E.
Published: December 2009

This paper is concerned with asymptotic behavior of generalized eigenvectors of a class of Hermitian Jacobi matrices

J

in the critical case. The last means that the fraction

\frac {q_n} {λ_n}

generated by the diagonal entries

q_n

of

J

and its subdiagonal elements

λ_n

has the limit

±2

. In other words, the limit transfer matrix as

n → ∞

contains a Jordan box (= double root in terms of Birkhoff–Adams theory). This is the situation where the asymptotic Levinson theorem does not work and one has to elaborate more special methods for asymptotic analysis. It should be mentioned that the critical case exactly corresponds to spectral phase transition phenomena, where the spectral structure changes dramatically (from discreet spectrum to pure absolutely continuous one) whenever the parameters in matrix entries cross singular surfaces, see J. Janas and S. Naboko [Spectral properties of selfadjoint Jacobi matrices coming from birth and death processes,
Oper. Theory Adv. Appl.
127 (2001), pp. 387–397]. A Jordan box is the limit transfer matrix for all values of the spectral parameter

λ

simultaneously, it describes the “moment” of spectral phase transition. An application to the case of

λ_n = n^α_(1 + r_n)

,

q_n = −2n^α (1 + p_n)

with small perturbations

r_n, p_n

and

α\in (0, 1]

is studied.
Loss of Medicaid Coverage During the Renewal Process
Authors: Dague Laura , Myerson Rebecca
Published: May 2024

Importance

Medicaid beneficiaries must periodically redemonstrate their eligibility in a process that is called renewal, redetermination, or recertification. The number and characteristics of people who lose Medicaid coverage due to renewal requirements are not known.

Objective

To measure the proportion of people who lose Medicaid coverage at the renewal deadline, overall and by enrollee characteristics, and time until regaining Medicaid coverage among those losing coverage at the deadline.

Design, Setting, and Participants

This cohort study tracked the duration of Medicaid enrollment among Wisconsin Medicaid enrollees with a 12-month renewal deadline. Data were collected for all nonelderly (aged <65 years) new enrollees from January 2016 through January 2018, except those enrolled due to disability or pregnancy. Individuals were followed through January 2020 to provide at least 24 months of data on each enrollment spell. Data were analyzed from August 2023 to February 2024.

Main Outcomes and Measures

The primary outcome was coverage loss during the renewal process, defined as a loss in Medicaid coverage from month 12 to month 13 for people who were still enrolled at the start of month 12. Secondary outcomes included coverage loss prior to the renewal deadline and the duration of the gap in Medicaid coverage among those who lost coverage during the renewal process.

Results

The study sample included 684 245 Medicaid enrollment spells across 586 044 people (51% female and 47% children 18 years or younger). Among enrollees, 20% lost Medicaid coverage at the renewal deadline. Of those who lost coverage, 37% regained Medicaid coverage within 6 months, and an additional 10% regained coverage within 12 months. Children younger than 12 years and people with more Medicaid-covered health care (top quartile of Medicaid-covered health care costs during the first 6 months of enrollment) were less likely than other groups to lose coverage during the renewal process (15% and 6% lost coverage at renewal, respectively) and more likely to regain Medicaid quickly. Personal characteristics such as gender and race and ethnicity remained associated with the risk of losing Medicaid at the renewal deadline after adjustment for baseline household income, enrollment group, and past use of Medicaid services.

Conclusions and Relevance

In this cohort study, the risk of coverage loss during the Medicaid renewal process was associated with age, past use of care, and other personal characteristics. These findings shed light on how renewal requirements shape access to Medicaid.
Federal budget maintains efforts to boost workforce, including peers
Authors: Enos Gary
Published: May 2024

At a time when few big‐ticket spending items in health and human services are receiving any meaningful boosts on Capitol Hill, maintaining level support for some smaller‐scale programs has lifted the spirits of advocates for strengthening the substance use disorder (SUD) treatment workforce.
SAMHSA reinstates CSAP Prevention Fellowship program
Authors: Knopf Alison
Published: May 2024

One of the substance use disorder (SUD) workforce tools to die during the Trump administration was the CSAP (Center for Substance Abuse Prevention) Prevention Fellowship Program, run by the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA).
New York outlines job opportunities in the cannabis industry
Authors: Knopf Alison
Published: May 2024

Last week, the Biden administration announced plans to make marijuana legal. This is a huge change, and will likely increase everything from the stock value of companies to employment opportunities.
A Precursor‐Derived Ultramicroporous Carbon for Printing Iontronic Logic Gates and Super‐Varactors
Authors: Gellrich Christin , Shupletsov Leonid , Galek Przemyslaw , Bahrawy Ahmed , Grothe Julia , Kaskel Stefan
Published: May 2024

A liquid precursor for 3D printing ultramicroporous carbons (pore width <0.7 nm) to create a novel in‐plane capacitive‐analog of semiconductor‐based diodes (CAPodes) is presented. This proof‐of‐concept integrates functional EDLCs into microstructured iontronic devices. The working principle is based on selective ion‐sieving, controlling the size of the electrolyte ions, and the nanoporous sieving carbon's pore size. By blocking bulky electrolyte ions from entering the sub‐nanometer pores, a unidirectional charging characteristic with controllable ion flux is achieved, leading to diodic U‐I characteristics with a high rectification ratio. The liquid precursor approach enables successful printing of miniaturized in‐plane CAPodes. A combination of inkjet and extrusion printing techniques with suitable inks is explored to fabricate electrode materials with engineered porosity. Deliberate fine‐tuning of the ultramicroporous carbon's porosity and surface area is achieved using a customized carbon precursor and CO2 etching techniques. Electrochemical evaluation of the printed CAPodes demonstrates successful miniaturization compared with macroscopic film assembly. 3D manufacturing and miniaturization allow for the integration of CAPodes into logic gate circuits (OR, AND). For the first time, these switchable devices are used as variable capacitors in a high‐pass filter application, adjusting the cut‐off frequency of applied alternating voltage analogous to an I‐MOS varactor.
Flexible Ultrasonic‐Induced Wireless Energy Conversion Technology in Implantable Biomedicine
Authors: Qin Xingchen , Zhang Zhiyuan , Zheng Shaodi , Huang Yuepeng , Cai Jiancheng , Chen Chaoqian , Xu Zisheng , E Shiju
Published: May 2024

Numerous associated challenges arise with the advancement and continuous improvement of implantable medical devices, such as the frequent requirement for battery replacement. The flexible ultrasonic‐induced wireless energy conversion (UWEC) technology has garnered significant interest due to its superior energy transmission efficiency, safety, and biocompatibility compared to traditional electromagnetic wireless energy conversion technology. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the recent advancements in two types of flexible UWEC technologies, triboelectric nanogenerators, and piezoelectret nanogenerators, with a focus on their applications in implantable medical treatments. First, the energy conversion principles and general materials of flexible UWEC are presented. Then, the research and application of flexible UWEC devices are introduced in detail based on their medical functions. At the end of this review, perspectives and opportunities are discussed.
NIR‐II Ratiometric Fluorescent Nanoplatform for Real‐Time Monitoring and Evaluating Cancer Sonodynamic Therapy Efficacy
Authors: Yang Kaiqiong , Tang Huaiding , Zhang Yiping , Wu Ying , Su Lichao , Zhang Xuan , Du Wei , Zhang Jieping , Wang Guoyu , Liu Daojia , Chen Ling , Chen Junqiang , Song Jibin
Published: May 2024

Real‐time monitoring the therapeutic process of sonodynamic therapy (SDT) is essential to optimize the treatment course in time and eventually improve the efficacy. The generation of singlet oxygen (1O2) is a quintessential characteristic of SDT, which permits non‐invasive monitoring of SDT by real‐time imaging of 1O2 inside the tumor. Nonetheless, the majority of probes are unable to measure 1O2 in real time because of its short half‐life and strong oxidative capacity. Here, the study constructs a ratiometric nanoplatform (DTPI) utilizing two fluorescent probes and the sonosensitizer TiO2. The poisonous 1O2 generated by DTPI following ultrasonic (US) radiation efficiently destroys tumor cells. The structural disruption of fluorescent dye IR‐1061 by 1O2 leads to a reduction in the DTPI fluorescence signal at 1100 nm, while US radiation has no impact on the fluorescence signal at 1550 nm. Thus, DTPI provides a precise and consistent reflection of the treatment efficacy at the tumor site, leveraging the ratiometric fluorescence signal and variations in oxygen content throughout the treatment process. This ratiometric‐fluorescence‐based reflection strategy establishes an effective and dependable platform for the real‐time monitoring and assessment of the cancer therapeutic effect through ratiometric probes.
Mesoporous Palladium Catalyst for Efficient Electrochemical Semi‐Hydrogenation of Alkynes
Authors: Jia Fengrui , Sun Lizhi , Yang Feng , Xiao Jie , Yao Huiqin , Liu Ben
Published: May 2024

Developing robust electrocatalysts for efficient semi‐hydrogenation of alkynes to markedly important alkenes is highly desirable in both research and industry areas. In this work, it is reported that robust palladium mesoporous nanospheres (Pd MSs) with electron‐rich active sites perform perfectly as cathode electrocatalyst for electrochemical semi‐hydrogenation of alkynes in water. In comparison to its counterparts, Pd MSs hold remarkable conversion (97%), superior selectivity (98%), good operation stability in selective semi‐hydrogenation of p‐aminophenylene. High performance is assigned to electron‐rich Pd sites within mesopores that not only favor the formation of active H* but also accelerate the desorption of p‐aminostyrene. Meanwhile, Pd MSs are also highly efficient in selective semi‐hydrogenation of various terminal alkynes with different substituents. It is thus expected that robust Pd MSs can be demonstrated as an alternative catalyst design paradigm for other electrochemical hydrogenation reactions.
Erasable and Field Programmable DNA Circuits Based on Configurable Logic Blocks
Authors: Liu Yizhou , Zhai Yuxuan , Hu Hao , Liao Yuheng , Liu Huan , Liu Xiao , He Jiachen , Wang Limei , Wang Hongxun , Li Longjie , Zhou Xiaoyu , Xiao Xianjin
Published: May 2024

DNA is commonly employed as a substrate for the building of artificial logic networks due to its excellent biocompatibility and programmability. Till now, DNA logic circuits are rapidly evolving to accomplish advanced operations. Nonetheless, nowadays, most DNA circuits remain to be disposable and lack of field programmability and thereby limits their practicability. Herein, inspired by the Configurable Logic Block (CLB), the CLB‐based erasable field‐programmable DNA circuit that uses clip strands as its operation‐controlling signals is presented. It enables users to realize diverse functions with limited hardware. CLB‐based basic logic gates (OR and AND) are first constructed and demonstrated their erasability and field programmability. Furthermore, by adding the appropriate operation‐controlling strands, multiple rounds of programming are achieved among five different logic operations on a two‐layer circuit. Subsequently, a circuit is successfully built to implement two fundamental binary calculators: half‐adder and half‐subtractor, proving that the design can imitate silicon‐based binary circuits. Finally, a comprehensive CLB‐based circuit is built that enables multiple rounds of switch among seven different logic operations including half‐adding and half‐subtracting. Overall, the CLB‐based erasable field‐programmable circuit immensely enhances their practicability. It is believed that design can be widely used in DNA logic networks due to its efficiency and convenience.
Ethnoprimatology reveals new extended distribution of critically endangered banded langur Presbytis femoralis (Martin, 1838) in Pahang, Malaysia: Insights from indigenous traditional knowledge and molecular analysis
Authors: Haris Hidayah , Othman Nursyuhada , Kaviarasu Munian , Najmuddin Muhammad Faudzir , Abdullah‐Fauzi Nurfatiha Akmal Fawwazah , Ramli Farah Farhana , Sariyati Nur Hartini , Ilham‐Norhakim Mohd Lokman , Md‐Zain Badrul Munir , Abdul‐Latiff Muhammad Abu Bakar
Published: May 2024

The banded langur (Presbytis femoralis) is a critically endangered primate, which within Malaysia has not been known to extend significantly outside the state of Johor. Traditionally, distribution studies on this highly threatened primate have relied on conventional methods such as DNA identification, live counting, and camera trapping. However, ethnoprimatology offers an alternative approach to data collection, involving the active participation of indigenous and local communities possessing valuable knowledge and experience with local primate species. This study employed an integrated approach incorporating ethnoprimatology by utilizing pooled local expert opinion, local surveys, interviews, and fecal DNA analysis, resulting in a novel distribution range for the banded langur. The combination of expert opinions revealed this species' most optimistic distribution scenario across Johor and Pahang, inhabiting various ecosystems, including lowland forests, peat swamps, and human‐modified landscapes. Further interviews and surveys conducted within the Orang Asli community in Tasik Chini and Tasek Bera have provided additional support for the revised distribution, documenting occurrences of banded langur utilization in indigenous practices, such as food consumption, cultural beliefs, medicinal applications, and craftsmanship. Phylogenetic analysis demonstrated genetic differentiation between populations in Johor and Pahang, with the populations in the southern part of Peninsular Malaysia likely serving as ancestral sources for other populations. Consequently, this study not only elucidated the updated distribution of banded langur through DNA records and direct observations but also established the efficacy of ethnoprimatology as a precursory tool for uncovering the present distribution patterns of other primate species in Malaysia.
β‐Phenethylamine Synthesis: N‐Pyridinium Aziridines as Latent Dual Electrophiles
Authors: Samanta Samya , Biswas Promita , O'Bannon Braeden C. , Powers David C.
Published: May 2024

β‐Phenethylamines are widely represented in biologically and pharmacologically active organic small molecules. Here, we introduce N‐pyridinium aziridines as latent dual electrophiles for the synthesis of β‐phenethylamines. Bromide‐promoted ring opening generates β‐halopyridinium amines. Selective Ni‐catalyzed C−C cross‐coupling between organozinc nucleophiles and the benzylic C−Br electrophile affords a diverse family of β‐functionalized phenethylaminopyridinium salts, and coupling is stereoconvergent in the presence of chiral ligands. Subsequent Ni‐catalyzed reductive N−N bond activation within the β‐functionalized phenethylaminopyridinium salts furnishes the products of formal olefin carboamination. Other reductive N−N cleavage reactions are demonstrated to provide access to free primary amines, alkylated amines, heterocycles, and products derived from N‐centered radical chemistry. The developed reaction sequence can be implemented in the context of complex molecules and natural product derivatives. Together, the described results provide a general and modular synthesis of β‐phenethylamines and significantly expand the utility of N‐pyridinium aziridines as linchpins in chemical synthesis.
Probing Particle‐Carbon/Binder Degradation Behavior in Fatigued Layered Cathode Materials through Machine Learning Aided Diffraction Tomography
Authors: Hua Weibo , Chen Jinniu , Ferreira Sanchez Dario , Schwarz Björn , Yang Yang , Senyshyn Anatoliy , Wu Zhenguo , Shen Chong‐Heng , Knapp Michael , Ehrenberg Helmut , Indris Sylvio , Guo Xiaodong , Ouyang Xiaoping
Published: May 2024

Understanding how reaction heterogeneity impacts cathode materials during Li‐ion battery (LIB) electrochemical cycling is pivotal for unraveling their electrochemical performance. Yet, experimentally verifying these reactions has proven to be a challenge. To address this, we employed scanning μ‐XRD computed tomography to scrutinize Ni‐rich layered LiNi0.6Co0.2Mn0.2O2 (NCM622) and Li‐rich layered Li[Li0.2Ni0.2Mn0.6]O2 (LLNMO). By harnessing machine learning (ML) techniques, we scrutinized an extensive dataset of μ‐XRD patterns, about 100,000 patterns per slice, to unveil the spatial distribution of crystalline structure and microstrain. Our experimental findings unequivocally reveal the distinct behavior of these materials. NCM622 exhibits structural degradation and lattice strain intricately linked to the size of secondary particles. Smaller particles and the surface of larger particles in contact with the carbon/binder matrix experience intensified structural fatigue after long‐term cycling. Conversely, both the surface and bulk of LLNMO particles endure severe strain‐induced structural degradation during high‐voltage cycling, resulting in significant voltage decay and capacity fade. This work holds the potential to fine‐tune the microstructure of advanced layered materials and manipulate composite electrode construction in order to enhance the performance of LIBs and beyond.
Metal Ions Trigger the Gelation of Cysteine‐Containing Peptide‐Appended Coordination Cages
Authors: Li Meng , Zhu Huangtianzhi , Adorinni Simone , Xue Weichao , Heard Andrew , Garcia Ana M. , Kralj Slavko , Nitschke Jonathan R. , Marchesan Silvia
Published: May 2024

We report a series of coordination cages that incorporate peptide chains at their vertices, prepared through subcomponent self‐assembly. Three distinct heterochiral tripeptide subcomponents were incorporated, each exhibiting an L−D−L stereoconfiguration. Through this approach, we prepared and characterized three tetrahedral metal‐peptide cages that incorporate thiol and methylthio groups. The gelation of these cages was probed through the binding of additional metal ions, with the metal‐peptide cages acting as junctions, owing to the presence of sulfur atoms on the peripheral peptides. Gels were obtained with cages bearing cysteine at the C‐terminus. Our strategy for developing functional metal‐coordinated supramolecular gels with a modular design may result in the development of materials useful for chemical separations or drug delivery.
Axial Coordinated Manganese(III) Porphyrin/Tetraazaporphyrin – 4‐(10‐phenylanthracen‐9‐yl)Pyridine Dyads: Self‐Assembly, Structure and Spectral Properties in Ground and Excited States
Authors: Ovchenkova Ekaterina N. , Tsaturyan Arshak A. , Bichan Nataliya G. , Gruzdev Matvey S. , Kudryakova Nadezhda O. , Knyazev Pavel A. , Gostev Fedor E. , Nadtochenko Victor A. , Lomova Tatyana N.
Published: May 2024

Self‐assembly of new donor‐acceptor systems based on (5,10,15,20‐tetraphenylporphinato)manganese(III)/(5,10,15,20‐tetra‐4‐tert‐butylphenylporphinato)manganese(III)/(octakis(4‐tert‐butylphenyl)tetraazaporphinato)manganese(III) acetate ((AcO)MnTPP/(AcO)MnTBPP/(AcO)MnTAP) and 4‐(10‐phenylanthracen‐9‐yl)pyridine (PyAn) was studied using fluorescence spectroscopy and mass spectrometry. It was found that the coordination complexes of 1 : 1 composition (dyads) are formed in toluene. The spectral properties, the chemical structures and redox behavior of the dyads were described using 1H NMR, IR, ESR spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetry, respectively. The dynamic processes and the characteristics in the excited state of the dyads were obtained using the femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy method. Density functional theory (DFT), time‐dependent DFT methods were used to elucidate the dyad electronic structures and to establish the differences in their frontier molecular orbitals. The analysis of the lambda parameter and the distance of hole‐pair interaction was indicated more favorable charge transfer between the macrocycle and the axial PyAn fragment in (AcO)(PyAn)MnTAP. The calculated values of the zero‐field splitting parameters D and E/D, together with the g tensors of the lowest spin‐orbit state for (AcO)MnTPP and (AcO)(PyAn)MnTPP were obtained using the combination of DFT and Multireference Perturbation Theory (CASSCF/NEVPT2) simulations. The data obtained develop the fundamental basis in the field of photovoltaics and show the prospects for the study of molecular systems of this class.
Stabilizing Bifurcated Hydrogen Bond in 8‐Aminoquinoline Appended Peptides
Authors: Shekhar Shashank , Meena Rachana , Lal Jhajan , Yadav Mukul , Kant Ruchir , Reddy Damodara N.
Published: May 2024

The hydrogen bonding interaction between an amide N−H and the amide N of the preceding residue is prevalent in proline‐containing proteins and peptides. However, the N−H⋅⋅⋅N hydrogen bonding interaction is rare in non‐prolyl natural peptides due to restricted dihedral angles. Herein, we stabilize this type of interaction in 8‐aminoquinoline appended non‐prolyl peptides through bifurcated N⋅⋅⋅H⋅⋅⋅N hydrogen bond. The 8‐aminoquinoline‐incorporated model peptides 2 a–i were designed, synthesized, and the crystal structures of 2 a–c and 2 i were solved. Analysis of crystal data reveals that the amide N−H of aminoquinoline is involved in bifurcated hydrogen bonding interaction with the nitrogen of the preceding amino acid residue and the nitrogen in quinoline. Analysis of crystal packing, Hirshfeld surface and fingerprint plots confirms that the intermolecular O⋅⋅⋅H contacts significantly contribute to stabilizing bifurcated N⋅⋅⋅H⋅⋅⋅N hydrogen bonding interaction. Furthermore, NMR experiments and CD spectroscopy were conducted to examine the preferred conformation in solution, and the data corroborate with the crystal structure conformation.
Synthesis of ɑ‐Aryl‐oxindoles via Grignard Reaction with Isatin in the Presence of Diphenyl Phosphite
Authors: Zhang Xinxin X. , Wang Pengkai K. , Zhang Songlin L.
Published: May 2024

A protocol has been developed for the synthesis of α‐aryl‐oxindoles from isatin and Grignard reagents in the presence of diphenyl phosphite for the first time. This reaction was conveniently carried out under mild conditions in a one‐pot fashion with moderate to excellent yields.
Template Assisted Synthesis of Linear [5]Catenane by Post‐Functionalization of Templated [2]Catenane and Using Click Reaction
Authors: Podh Mana Bhanjan , Ratha Radhakrishna , Purohit Chandra Shekhar
Published: May 2024

Polymers with all mechanically interlocked rings, such as linear [n]catenanes, have great potential as functional materials due to possible higher degrees of freedom that may contribute to their flexibility but remain elusive. All the synthetic methods used to prepare such a polymer yield mixtures of products. In the absence of higher molecular weight linear [n]catenanes, emphasis on synthesizing low molecular weight oligomers is being pursued. Here, we have described the synthesis of a linear [5]catenane by post‐functionalizing a Co(III) templated [2]catenane having a pyridine‐diamide unit free for further metal ion coordination. Two molecules were synthesized with suitable threading groups: one, two terminal azide groups, and two, with two terminal alkyne groups to form two [3]pseudorotaxane utilizing Co(III) coordination. These units were then joined, forming a macrocycle, using click reaction, giving the desired metalated linear [5]catenane in 40 % yield. Removal of metal ions leads to linear [5]catenane. In addition, the formation of linear [3] and [2]catenane are also observed. All synthesized structures have been isolated by column chromatographic technique and characterized by 1H‐NMR, 13C‐NMR, and mass spectroscopy.
Adaptive containment fault‐tolerant control for saturated nonlinear multiagent systems with multiple faults and periodic disturbances
Authors: Tang Li , Wang Huanqing , Niu Ben , Zhao Xudong
Published: May 2024

This paper addresses the problem of adaptive containment fault‐tolerant control for nonlinear multiagent systems with periodic disturbances. Different from most existing fault‐tolerant control schemes, the form of multiple faults is explicitly considered in this paper, including actuator faults and sensor faults. By combining the Fourier series expansion with neural networks, the unknown nonlinear dynamics subject to time‐dependent periodic disturbances are approximated. Then, the “complexity of explosion” issue that exists in traditional backstepping‐based results is avoided by introducing a first‐order sliding‐mode differentiator. It is proved that the developed containment control policies can ensure that all signals of the close‐loop systems are uniformly ultimately bounded, and all followers can converge to a convex area formed by multiple leaders. Simulation results verify the validity of the proposed scheme.
Visual social attention in SYNGAP1‐related intellectual disability
Authors: Wright Damien , Kenny Aisling , Eley Sarah , McKechanie Andrew G. , Stanfield Andrew C.
Published: May 2024

SYNGAP1‐ID is a neurodevelopmental disorder caused by a mutation of the SYNGAP1 gene. Characterized by moderate to severe developmental delay, it is associated with several physical and behavioral issues as well as additional diagnoses, including autism. However, it is not known whether social cognitive differences seen in SYNGAP1‐ID are similar to those previously identified in idiopathic or other forms of autism. This study therefore investigated visual social attention in SYNGAP1‐ID. Eye movements were recorded across three passive viewing tasks (face scanning, pop‐out, and social preference) of differing social complexity in 24 individuals with SYNGAP1‐ID and 12 typically developing controls. We found that SYNGAP1‐ID participants looked at faces less than the controls, and when they did look at faces, they had less time looking at and fewer fixations to the eyes. For the pop‐out task, where social and nonsocial objects (Phone, car, face, bird, and face‐noise) were presented in an array, those with SYNGAP1‐ID spent significantly less time looking at the phone stimulus as well as fewer fixations to the face compared with the typically developing controls. When looking at two naturalistic scenes side by side, one social in nature (e.g., with children present) and the other not, there were no differences between the SYNGAP1‐ID group and typically developing controls on any of the examined eye tracking measures. This study provides novel findings on the social attention of those with SYNGAP1‐ID and helps to provide further evidence for using eye tracking as an objective measure of the social phenotype in this population in future clinical trials.
Modeling tropical tuna shifts: An inflated power logit regression approach
Authors: Queiroz Francisco F. , Ferrari Silvia L. P.
Published: May 2024

We introduce a new class of zero‐or‐one inflated power logit (IPL) regression models, which serve as a versatile tool for analyzing bounded continuous data with observations at a boundary. These models are applied to explore the effects of climate changes on the distribution of tropical tuna within the North Atlantic Ocean. Our findings suggest that our modeling approach is adequate and capable of handling the outliers in the data. It exhibited superior performance compared to rival models in both diagnostic analysis and regarding the inference robustness. We offer a user‐friendly method for fitting IPL regression models in practical applications.
Linking stakeholders need and sustainable business performance: Unleashing the power of shared value creation for competitive advantage—Study on selected banks in Ethiopia
Authors: Waktola Bekan Serbessa , Singh Manjit , Singh Sandeep
Published: May 2024

Integrating social and environmental considerations into business strategies has become imperative for companies seeking competitive advantage in today's dynamic and complex business environment. This study explored the effect of Shared Value Creation Practices on Competitive Advantage within banks. The study focused on how banks can achieve competitive advantage by creating shared value that addresses business goals and social needs. Data were collected from 463 customers of selected commercial banks in Ethiopia. The self‐administrative questionnaire was given to the customers selected by convenience sampling method. The study used the Structural Equation Model to test relationship between variables. The Study findings reveal that Shared Value Creation Practices significantly enhance banks' competitive advantage. The study suggests that banks can strategically leverage Shared Value Creation practices to gain a sustained advantage in a competitive market. Banks should continuously innovate and adapt strategies to address evolving stakeholders' needs. The banks should consider shared value creation integral to their strategic planning.
Using LanM Enzymes to Modify Glucagon‐Like Peptides 1 and 2 in E.coli
Authors: Larsen Camilla K. , Lindquist Peter , Rosenkilde Mette , Madsen Alice R. , Haselmann Kim , Glendorf Tine , Olesen Kjeld , Kodal Anne Louise B. , Tørring Thomas
Published: May 2024

Selective modification of peptides is often exploited to improve pharmaceutically relevant properties of bioactive peptides like stability, circulation time, and potency. In Nature, natural products belonging to the class of ribosomally synthesized and post‐translationally modified peptides (RiPPs) are known to install a number of highly attractive modifications with high selectivity. These modifications are installed by enzymes guided to the peptide by corresponding leader peptides that are removed as the last step of biosynthesis. Here, we exploit leader peptides and their matching enzymes to investigate the installation of D‐Ala post‐translationally in a critical position in the hormones, glucagon‐like peptides (GLP) 1 and 2. We also offer insight into how precursor peptide design can modulate the modification pattern achieved.
Eutectogels as Promising Materials in Biocatalysis
Authors: Kumar Krishan , Calderón Marcelo , Beloqui Ana , Picchio Matias L.
Published: May 2024

The entrapment of deep eutectic solvents (DES) and eutectic systems into porous scaffolds renders a new class of soft and nonvolatile materials called eutectogels that have recently stepped into the spotlight in different areas ranging from electronics to drug delivery. Recent progress in the use of DES in biocatalysis, where they have been demonstrated to improve substrate supply, conversion, and enzyme stability, has opened an unparalleled opportunity to exploit the merits of eutectogels for immobilizing biological catalysts. The resulting functional materials could outperform traditional hydrogels and ionic liquid gels, offering fresh perspectives to broaden the application scope of many enzymes. In this perspective, we go into the potential of eutectogels as innovative scaffolds that support biocatalytic reactions and discuss different applications where these systems could show plain benefits compared to traditional materials. Future directions for this newly developed technology are highlighted.
Carbohydrate‐Functionalized Anthracene Carboximides as Multivalent Ligands and Bio‐Imaging Agents
Authors: George Anne , Jayaraman Narayanaswamy
Published: May 2024

Anthracene carboximides (ACIs) conjugated with gluco‐, galacto‐ and mannopyranosides are synthesized, by glycosylation of N‐hydroxyethylanthracene carboximide acceptor with glycosyl donors. Glycoconjugation of anthracene carboximide increases the aq. solubility by more than 3‐fold. The glycoconjugates display red‐shifted absorption and emission, as compared to anthracene. Large Stokes shift (λabs/λem=445/525 nm) and high fluorescence quantum yields (Φ) of 0.86 and 0.5 occur in THF and water, respectively. The ACI‐glycosides undergo facile photodimerization in aqueous solutions, leading to the formation of the head‐to‐tail dimer, as a mixture of syn and anti‐isomers. Solution phase and solid‐state characterizations by dynamic light scattering (DLS), microscopic imaging by atomic force (AFM) and transmission electron (TEM) microscopies reveal self‐assembled vesicle structures of ACI glycosides. These self‐assembled structures act as multivalent glycoclusters for ligand‐specific lectin binding, as evidenced by the binding of Man‐ACI to Con A, by fluorescence and turbidity assays. The conjugates do not show cellular cytotoxicity (IC50) till concentrations of 50 μM with HeLa and HepG2 cell lines and are cell‐permeable, showing strong fluorescence inside the cells. These properties enable the glycoconjugates to be used in cell imaging. The non‐selective cellular uptake of the glycoconjugates suggests a passive diffusion through the membrane.
Poly(2‐Oxazoline) Amphiphilicity Tunes the Excited‐State Proton Transfer of Pyrenol‐Based Polyphotoacids
Authors: Chettri Avinash , Kaberov Leonid I. , Klosterhalfen Niklas , Perera Sandunika , Jamshied Mohammed , Schacher Felix H. , Dietzek‐Ivanšić Benjamin
Published: May 2024

The ability of light to change the properties of light‐responsive polymers opens avenues for targeted release of cargo with a high degree of spatial and temporal control. Recently, we established photoacid polymers as light‐switchable macromolecular amphiphiles. In these systems, light‐induced excited‐state proton transfer (ESPT) causes changes in amphilicity. However, as the intermolecular process itself critically depends on the local environment of the photoacid unit within the polymer, the overall amphiphilicity directly influences ESPT. Thus, understanding the impact of the local environment on the photophysics of photoacidic side chains is key to material design. In this contribution we address both thermodynamic and kinetic aspects of ESPT in oxazoline‐based amphiphilic polymers with pyrenol‐based photoacid side chains. We will compare the effect of polymer design, i. e. statistical and block arrangements, i. e. in poly[(2‐ethyl‐2‐oxazoline)‐co‐(1‐(6/8‐hydroxyperene)sulphonylaziridine)] and poly(2‐ethyl‐2‐oxazoline)‐block‐poly[(2‐ethyl‐2‐oxazoline)‐co‐(2‐(3‐(6‐hydroxypyrene)sulphonamide)propyl‐2‐oxazoline), on the intermolecular proton transfer reaction by combining steady‐state and time‐resolved absorption and emission spectroscopy. ESPT appears more prominent in the statistical copolymer compared to a block copolymer with overall similar pyrenol loading. We hypothesize that the difference is due to different local chain arrangements adopted by the polymers in the two cases.
Learning to cluster person via graph convolution networks for video‐based person re‐identification
Authors: Li Wei , Feng Tao , Du Guodong , Liang Sixin , Bian Ang
Published: May 2024

Unsupervised person re‐identification based on video sequences can be applied to surveillance systems and is attracting much more attention. It aims to spot specific person in other scenes captured by different cameras. This work explores an innovative strategy, namely, learning to cluster unlabeled person in the videos through graph convolutional networks. In this article, we find that the possibility of inter‐frame linkage can be inferred from context. Therefore, a pose‐guided topology linkage clustering framework is proposed. Our framework consists of three modules: (i) a pose‐guided representation module; (ii) a pose‐guided embedding module; (iii) a link prediction module. First, the representation coding alone is performed at the level of relational induction bias, embedding the implicit pose structure information in image features. Then, based on the consideration of the topology relationship between adjacent and cross‐frame, graph convolutional network is introduced to infer the likelihood of linkage between frame nodes. Experiments show that the proposed method demonstrates excellent scalability in addition to being an effective response to person clustering in case of changes, and does not need the number of clusters as a prior.
A compact, low‐loss, and wide passband ratio substrate integrated waveguide triplexer based on complementary split ring resonators for multiband applications
Authors: Xuan Loi Dai , Le Ha Vu , Chi Hieu Ta , Duy Manh Luong
Published: May 2024

In this paper, a design of a substrate‐integrated waveguide (SIW) triplexer with improved low‐loss performance, passband ratio, and compactness based on the complementary split ring resonator (CSRR) structure is presented. The proposed triplexer operates at three passbands of 6, 8, and 10 GHz that correspond to the passband ratios of 1.33 and 1.67. By appropriately designing square CSRRs on the surface of the SIW structure, the low‐loss and compact resonator filters below the cut‐off frequency of the SIW at each operation frequency can be realized. The wide passband ratio is obtainable by adjusting the dimensions of the T‐junction. The measured results show the minimum insertion losses of 1.5, 1.4, and 1.9 dB at 6, 8, and 10 GHz, respectively. In addition, the minimum measured return losses are −9.33, −11.3, and −12.4 dB at the corresponding three passbands. The measured isolation between output ports is better than −17 dB in the frequency range from 5 to 11 GHz. The measured results agree well with simulations which are conducted by the CST Microwave Studio simulator. The proposed triplexer is designed on a cost‐effective RO4003C substrate with a compact size of 35 
 25 mm2
Grandmother–grandchild physiological synchrony in Chinese three‐generation families: Links with child emotion regulation
Authors: Tang Yingying , Perry Nicole B. , He Ting , Wu Dazhou , Zhou Nan , Lin Xiuyun
Published: May 2024

The current study examined the characteristics of physiological synchrony between grandmothers and grandchildren in Chinese three‐generation families, and the associations between physiological synchrony and child emotion regulation. The participants included 92 children (age 8–10‐year old) and their grandmothers. Respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) was collected from both grandmothers and their grandchildren throughout a collaborative drawing task and a conflict discussion task. Child emotion regulation was measured using the Children's Emotional Management Scale. We found no evidence for an overall pattern of concordant or discordant synchrony within dyads. Instead, there was great variability in patterns of synchrony across dyads. During the collaborative drawing task, concordance in grandmother's RSA and grandchildren's subsequent RSA was linked with better emotion regulation. During the conflict discussion, concordance in grandmother's RSA and grandchildren's simultaneous RSA was linked with poorer emotion regulation. These results suggest that grandmother–grandchild synchrony in different directions, time lags, and contexts has different influences on children's emotion regulation. The findings of this study highlight the importance of contextual physiological co‐regulation between Chinese children and their grandmothers for children's social‐emotional development.
Regeneration of Black Powders of Waste Lithium Iron Phosphate Battery Produced by Large‐Scale Industrialization
Authors: Jiang Xin , Zhang Huan , Li Ruiqi , Jin Yachao , Song Li , Zhang Mingdao
Published: May 2024

Because the waste battery materials in the industry usually come from a rough shredding process, the most available waste battery materials consist of both cathode and anode materials. However, the separate recycling of waste cathode and anode materials requires a significant investment of time and manpower. Investigation on the rational disposal of mixed cathode/anode materials is in great need for the large‐scale recycling of spent lithium‐ion batteries. Taking the mixed materials of waste LiFePO4 cathode and graphite anode as the research object, this article puts forward a simple solid‐state method to effectively solve the problems in waste LiFePO4 materials such as structural defects, lithium site loss, and poor conductivity. By optimizing the concentration of the reducing agent and lithium supplement agent, the optimal regeneration condition for material is obtained. Ultimately, the obtained LiFePO4 material achieves efficient electrochemical performances. The first‐round capacity reaches 132 mAh g−1, accounting 84.6% of the new material (0.05 C). After 100 cycles in 1 C, the capacity remains at 99%, exhibiting good cycling stability. The total cost of the regenerated LiFePO4 material has been calculated to be only 41.2% of the new material cost. This work provides new ideas for the regeneration of waste LiFePO4 material by large‐scale industrialization.
Fluviomorphic trajectories for dryland ephemeral stream channels following extreme flash floods
Authors: Lotsari Eliisa , House P. Kyle , Alho Petteri , Baker Victor R.
Published: May 2024

Ephemeral alluvial streams pose globally significant flood hazards to human habitation in drylands, but sparse data for these regions limit understanding of the character and impacts of extreme flooding. In this study, we document decadal changes in dryland ephemeral channel patterns at two sites in the lower Colorado River Basin (southwestern United States) that were ravaged by extraordinary flash floods in the 1970s: Bronco Creek, Arizona (1971), and Eldorado Canyon, Nevada (1974). We refer to these two floods as ‘fluviomorphic erasure events’, because they produced blank slates for the channels that were gradually moulded by more frequent but much smaller flood events. We studied georectified aerial photos that span ~60 years at each site to show that both study sites recovered to their pre‐flood condition after ~25 years. We employ channel network metrics: stream‐link area (SLA), geometric braiding index and junction‐node density. Each metric decreased during the short‐duration extreme flood erasure events. Subsequently, a fluviomorphic trajectory at a decadal tempo returned the channels to pre‐flood values. The SLA decreased at rates of 3.6%–4.1% per year in the decade following the floods. The extreme flood events decreased the pre‐flood geometric braiding index at the two sites by 56%–68%, and it took 15–24 years for this index to recover to pre‐flood values. In contrast, it took 30–35 years for the channels to recover to a uniform pre‐flood channel form, as indicated by the spatial distribution of bars and junction nodes. Our results document baseline examples of ephemeral stream channel evolution trajectories, as future climatic change will likely accelerate increases in the magnitudes and frequencies of extreme floods and geomorphic erasure events.
Mechanism of rainfall‐induced toppling in loess collapses
Authors: Hou Tian‐shun , Jiang Xiao‐dong , Chen Ye
Published: May 2024

To study the formation mechanism of rainfall‐induced soil erosion, collapse and landslides in the Loess Plateau based on the unsaturated soil seepage theory and the effective stress principle, the failure process of collapse with cracks under heavy and long‐term rainfall was investigated using the finite element method. The results showed that under the action of heavy rain, surface run‐off quickly gathered in cracks to form a dominant flow, resulting in a rapid increase in the water level and hydrostatic pressure in the cracks. The strength of the soil at the tip of the crack decreased rapidly under the softening effect of the water, and tensile failure occurred. The crack accelerated downward to the foot of the slope, causing the steep slope to collapse. Long‐term rainfall acts directly on the soil near the crack, resulting in faster saturation than the soil inside the slope body. When the rainfall time exceeded a certain value, the soil near the crack reached a saturated state, and the soil strength was minimized. Simultaneously, the seepage force generated when rainwater inside the collapsed body seeps from its outer edge increases the overturning moment of the collapsed body. Under the continuous action of rainfall, the cracks gradually extended to the foot of the slope, causing the collapsed body to fail. These research results provide a theoretical basis for the prevention and control of land degradation and collapse disasters on the Loess Plateau.
A comprehensive review on nutritional interventions and nutritive elements: Strengthening immunity for effective defense mechanism during pandemic
Authors: Prasad Sonal , Pandey Vinay Kumar , Singh Kunal , Shams Rafeeya , Singh Rahul , Goksen Gulden
Published: May 2024

The pandemic has brought attention to the importance of a healthy immune system in preventing infectious diseases. In this in‐depth review, the process by which nutritional interventions and fundamental nutrients affect immune function has been discussed with the goal of enhancing the body's natural defenses against viral infections. We explored the complex interplay between diet and immunology, highlighting the essential nutrients, vitamins, minerals, and bioactive substances that are crucial for enhancing immune response. We also investigated the effect of dietary patterns and supplementation methods on immune function. We assessed the effectiveness and potential mechanisms of action of various nutritional therapies in modifying immune responses through a thorough examination of scientific literature. Additionally, we go through the significance of individualized nutrition and highlight possible factors to consider for vulnerable groups, such as the elderly and people with chronic conditions. This review attempts to provide a thorough understanding of the role of diet in boosting immunity by synthesizing available research. It also offers insights into practical methods for enhancing the immune function during the current epidemic and in the future.
Associations between low‐ and high‐fat dairy intake and recurrence risk in people with stage I–III colorectal cancer differ by sex and primary tumour location
Authors: van Lanen Anne‐Sophie , Kok Dieuwertje E. , Wesselink Evertine , Derksen Jeroen W. G. , May Anne M. , Smit Karel C. , Koopman Miriam , de Wilt Johannes , Kampman Ellen , van Duijnhoven Fränzel J. B. ,   the COLON and PLCRC studies
Published: May 2024

We previously demonstrated that intake of low‐fat dairy, but not high‐fat dairy, was associated with a decreased colorectal cancer (CRC) recurrence risk. These risks, however, may differ by sex, primary tumour location, and disease stage. Combining data from two similar prospective cohort studies of people with stage I–III CRC enabled these subgroup analyses. Participants completed a food frequency questionnaire at diagnosis (n = 2283). We examined associations between low‐ and high‐fat dairy intake and recurrence risk using multivariable Cox proportional hazard models, stratified by sex, and primary tumour location (colon and rectum), and disease stage (I/II and III). Upper quartiles were compared to lower quartiles of intake, and recurrence was defined as a locoregional recurrence and/or metastasis. During a median follow‐up of 5.0 years, 331 recurrences were detected. A higher intake of low‐fat dairy was associated with a reduced risk of recurrence (hazard ratio [HR]: 0.60, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.43–0.83), which seemed more pronounced in men (HR: 0.51, 95% CI: 0.34–0.77) than in women (HR: 0.84, 95% CI: 0.47–1.49). A higher intake of high‐fat dairy was associated with an increased risk of recurrence in participants with colon cancer (HR: 1.60, 95% CI: 1.03–2.50), but not rectal cancer (HR: 0.88, 95% CI: 0.54–1.45). No differences in associations were observed between strata of disease stage. Concluding, our findings imply that dietary advice regarding low‐fat dairy intake may be especially important for men with CRC, and that dietary advice regarding high‐fat dairy intake may be specifically important in people with colon cancer.