bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
High‐Efficiency Dual‐Mode Polychromatic Emission of Rare‐Earth‐Based Double Perovskite with Low Phonon Energy toward High‐Level Anti‐Counterfeiting and Information Encryption
Authors: Zhu Yaxian , Pan Gencai , Zhao Jun , Liu Kunlun , Xue Wenfeng , Wang Yaqiong , You Wenwu , Gao Huiping , Xu Wen , Mao Yanli
Published: November 2022

The development of rare‐earth‐doped luminescent materials with single component, multicolor, and multimode still remains a challenge. Here, rare‐earth‐based double perovskite single crystals (Cs2NaYbCl6 DPSCs) are fabricated with low phonon energy of 134 cm−1, which offers great potential to serve as highly efficient luminescent host materials. Subsequently, Er3+, Tm3+, and Ho3+ are successfully incorporated into Cs2NaYbCl6 host to form Cs2NaLnxYb1−xCl6 (Ln = Er, Tm, and Ho) DPSCs, realizing efficient dual‐mode polychromatic emission. Under 980 nm laser excitation, Cs2NaLnxYb1−xCl6 DPSCs show high upconversion (UC) efficiencies of 12.9%, 7.2%, and 3.1% for Cs2NaEr0.3Yb0.7Cl6, Cs2NaTm0.02Yb0.98Cl6, and Cs2NaHo0.3Yb0.7Cl6, respectively. Meanwhile, Cs2NaErxYb1−xCl6 DPSCs exhibit the adjustable size (0.5–10 mm) and tunable UC or down‐shifting emission colors from yellow, green to red upon 980, 1540, or 380 nm excitation. Moreover, the DPSCs demonstrate weak concentration and thermal quenching effect, and excellent resistance against oxygen, heat and humidity. Finally, the anti‐counterfeiting and information encryption applications based on multicolor emitting DPSCs are designed and realized.
Recent Advances in Material Engineering and Applications for Passive Daytime Radiative Cooling
Authors: Wu Silong , Cao Yongjian , Li Yaqi , Sun Wei
Published: November 2022

Passive daytime radiative cooling (PDRC) is a game‐changing strategy for cooling, aiming to alleviate the major problems such as global warming. It is featured with zero energy consumption and zero environmental pollution, bringing about revolutionary change compared with conventional cooling systems. The key challenge in the exciting arena of PDRC research lies in the material design and engineering, aiming to meet the requirement for the optical characteristics on the two very different ranges of wavelength. To possess the optimal cooling performance, materials constructed for daytime radiative cooling are required to show extremely low absorptivity for wavelengths of solar irradiation (0.3–2.5 µm) to minimize the thermal load, while having high emissivity within the atmospheric transmission window (8–13 µm) for emitting heat out directly to the outer space. The current review takes a specific perspective of material science and engineering to summarize the most recent advances in PDRC. The fundamental principles for daytime radiative cooling and material design are summarized, and recent works on PDRC material engineering and correlated applications are highlighted. Technical details and prospects for each type of PDRC materials are discussed. The future challenges and opportunities of PDRC materials are also proposed.
Scheduling practices for pregnant emergency medicine residents
Authors: MacVane Casey Z. , Puissant Madeleine , Fix Megan , Strout Tania D. , Bonney Caitlin , Welsh Laura , Mittelman Andrew , Ricker Jana , Agarwal Isha
Published: November 2022

Background

Night shift work is associated with adverse pathophysiologic effects on maternal and fetal well‐being. Although emergency medicine (EM) residents work frequent night shifts, there is no existing guidance for residency program directors (PDs) regarding scheduling pregnant residents. Our study assessed scheduling practices for pregnant EM residents, differences based on program and PD characteristics, barriers and attitudes toward implementing a formal scheduling policy, and PDs' awareness of literature describing adverse effects of night shifts on maternal–fetal outcomes.

Methods

We conducted an anonymous, web‐based survey of U.S. EM residencies (N = 276). Quantitative data were summarized; chi‐square analysis and logistic regression were used to assess relationships between program and PD characteristics and schedule accommodations. Qualitative description was used to analyze an open‐ended question, organizing findings into major and minor themes.

Results

Of the 167 completed surveys (response rate 61%), 67% of programs reported no formal policy for scheduling pregnant residents but made adjustments on an individual basis including block changes (85%), decreased (46%) or no night shifts (34%), and working shifts earlier in pregnancy to cover later shifts (20%). Barriers to adjustments included staffing constraints (60%), equity concerns (45%), or impact on wellness (41%) among all residents and privacy (28%). PDs endorsed scheduling adjustments as important (mean 8.1, 0–10 scale) and reported guidance from graduate medical education governance would be useful (60%). Larger program size, but not PD gender or proportion of female residents, was associated with an increased likelihood of scheduling modifications. Twenty‐five percent of PDs reported little knowledge of literature regarding night shift work and pregnancy. Qualitative themes supported quantitative findings.

Conclusions

Most EM residency programs do not have formal scheduling policies for pregnant residents, but most PDs support making adjustments and do so informally. More education and guidance for PDs are needed to promote the development of formal policies.
Nontraditional production additives fail to improve potato yield and economic return
Authors: Thurgood Colton R. , Gonzalez‐Tapia Francisco , Holden Zachary J. , Pavek Mark J.
Published: November 2022

Manufacturers of nontraditional crop additives may claim products will enhance yield and improve economic return, yet many offer only grower testimonials for product validation rather than unbiased, peer‐reviewed research. If the products do not perform as described, they may serve to reduce grower revenue. To investigate these claims in potato (Solanum tuberosum L.), field trials were conducted near Othello, Washington from 2016 to 2019 on 27 nontraditional additive treatments composed of 32 products. Treatments were applied using one or more application techniques: in‐furrow and surface bands, foliar sprays, and chemigations/fertigations (applied through irrigation system) per manufacturer recommendations and in addition to grower standard practices. Conventional nutrients were applied to be nonlimiting to potato growth. Economic return was calculated using a mock processing contract and adjusted for individual product costs that ranged from US$15 to US$889 ha−1. Treatment‐adjusted gross return values ranged from <7.7% to >8.5% the grower standard treatment value, and total yields ranged from 108 to 136 Mg ha−1, but differences from the control were not significant for any treatment. Reclaim, a surfactant, and OneUP and NutriCal, both specialty fertilizers, increased US No. 1 yield, average tuber weight, and tuber specific gravity, respectively. Some of the tested products may provide other benefits like soil health improvement or water use reduction but those parameters were not included in this study. Growers should avoid applying unproven products until they are tested and approved by an unbiased, trustworthy research entity.
Men Working with Men in Intensive Family Services: Reflections on Violence, Trauma Lifeworlds, and Organic Interventions
Authors: Haines Alex , Andary Stuart , Amos Jackie , Louth Jonathon , Mannik Amalie , Jacobs Ruth , Best Paul , Calio Paul , Petrovic Travis , Scott Ryan , Vlahos Alex
Published: November 2022

Intimate partner violence is a major problem in Australia, impacting many families that are on the cusp of disruption and intervention by the child protection system. Using an innovative method of inquiry, the article explores the role of dedicated men's workers in a South Australian non‐government organisation's intensive family service that works towards keeping families safe and together. The dedicated men's worker positions are integrated into a multidisciplinary model that works with fathers who have been a part of situational violence within the family. The men's workers' (and co‐authors') reflections offer insight into systemic barriers, practical therapeutic interventions, engagement work with fathers, how this is approached, and the various outcomes experienced. Blending auto‐ethnography reflections, elements of rapid ethnographic assessment, and the use of rigorous and accelerated data reduction, we demonstrate the need for increased supports for some fathers. These should include therapeutic engagement and working with the underlying trauma of fathers to ensure the whole family is supported and offered opportunity for healing and sustainable preservation. We also consider the more encompassing lifeworlds of the men and the need to drive and support broader sociocultural shifts.
A novel concept for pure hydrogen production and a massive reduction in CO2 emissions from the formaldehyde absorption process
Authors: Parvasi Payam , Jokar Seyyed Mohammad , Basile Angelo
Published: November 2022

The Formox process is a well‐known process for formalin generation, which uses iron‐molybdenum oxide as a catalyst. Typically, the off‐gas from the formaldehyde absorption column in Formox process is burnt in the emission control system (ECS), resulting to produce a huge amount of CO2. This work proposes a modified process to remove formaldehyde and volatile organic compounds from the stack of formaldehyde absorbing tower. Steam reforming reactions in a novel fixed‐bed tubular membrane reactor is used instead of combustion reactions in a conventional fixed‐bed reactor in ECS. The process was modeled to evaluate the role of membrane reactor for CO2 mitigation in Formox process. The collected data from a domestic formalin plant were used for modeling purposes. The model was validated against experimental measurements obtained from other works. A good consistency was observed. The improvement in CO2 emission mitigation, as well as H2 production, was achieved by applying the Pd‐Ag membrane reactor filled with copper‐based catalyst. The CO2 emission rate considerably changed from 6,700 to 575 kg/day. Furthermore, by using the proposed reactor, the emission of formaldehyde and methanol vapors throughout the ECS plant were eliminated. The essential parameters such as reactor pressure, temperature, and membrane thickness on reactor performance were evaluated. By increasing the feed temperature, the carbon dioxide production rate decreases, and pure hydrogen production rate increases. The higher CO2 generation was observed at elevated pressures. The effect of membrane thickness on CO2 emission was negligible.
Emission characteristics of volatile organic compounds from regenerated PET fibers based on the headspace gas chromatograph
Authors: Liu Shanshan , Ke Fuyou , Shi Mingyue , Wang Chaosheng , Chen Ye , Wang Huaping
Published: November 2022

The emission behaviors of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) can be characterized by the key parameters: the initial concentration (m0), partition coefficient (K) and the diffusion coefficient (D). The MHE‐GC method was validated to determine the emission characteristics of VOCs (Benzene, Toluene, Ethylbenzene, P‐xylene, M‐xylene, Styrene, and O‐xylene) in regenerated PET fibers. This work has studied the effects of fiber size, sample weight incubation time and incubation temperature on the detection of these VOCs. It showed finer fiber sample with less sample facilitated the emission of VOCs in fibers above detectable limit. The optimized headspace incubation time, fiber sample weight, and headspace incubation temperature were selected as 60 min, about 0.8 g and 110 °C, respectively. In addition, incubation temperature has a negative effect on the gas/fiber partition coefficient. The fibers with greater fineness showed higher activation energy, which revealed a positive release of VOCs from fibers. The relative standard deviation (RSD/%) of detection was 3%–10%. The present method is reliable and suitable for use in testing of the VOCs content in fiber‐related materials.
Mechanical properties, thermal stability, and thermal degradation kinetics of silicone rubber/ethylene‐vinyl acetate copolymer/magnesium sulfate whisker composites compatibilized by ethylene‐acrylic acid copolymer
Authors: Zia‐ul‐Haq Muhammad , Haq Zaheer Ul , Wu Jian , Peng Zonglin , Zhang Yong
Published: November 2022

Silicone rubber/ethylene‐vinyl acetate copolymer/magnesium sulfate whisker composites containing ethylene‐acrylic acid copolymer (MS/SR/EVM/EAA) as a compatibilizer were successfully prepared. Moreover, the magnesium sulfate whisker surface was modified with 3 wt% of silane coupling agent (KH570), resulting in composites including (unmodified magnesium sulfate whisker) uMS/SR/EVM, (modified magnesium sulfate whisker) mMS/SR/EVM, and mMS/SR/EVM/EAA were compared. The values of thermal decomposition activation energy (Ea) calculated by the two different methods (Kissinger and Friedman methods) show that the composites filled with 5 and 20 phr whiskers have lower values of activation energy (Ea) than the SR/EVM blend. The tensile strength of composites with a 5 phr modified whisker is 14.5 MPa, which is higher than that of the SR/EVM blend and uMS5/SR/EVM composite. The tear strength of the composite with 20 phr mMS is 51.6 kN m−1, much higher than that of the composite with 20 phr uMS and SR/EVM blend. The mechanical properties were also investigated after thermal aging of the composites at 85°C for 48 h. The thermal conductivity of the composites with high filler loading was studied.
Synthesis of dual‐functionalized mixed matrix membrane with amino‐GO‐Bent/PVDF for efficient separation of CO2/CH4 and CO2/N2
Authors: Dong Shaocan , Huang Weiqiu , Li Xufei , Wang Xinya , Yan Baoyou , Zhang Zhen , Zhong Jing
Published: November 2022

Mixed matrix membranes (MMMs), which combine the characteristics of inorganic nanofillers and organic matrices, have received wide attention because of their good permeability and selective performance for separating CO2 from industrial waste gases. In this work, the amino‐GO‐loaded bentonite (amino GO‐Bent) was prepared by loading NH2 on the GO surface with a large number of functional sites. Firstly, by introducing NH2 on the surface of GO and then interacting with bentonite (Bent) organically modified by silane coupling agents through amide bonding. Mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) with an area of 623.7 cm2 and homogeneous texture were prepared using amino‐GO‐Bent as inorganic filler to improve the membrane selectivity for CO2/N2 and CO2/CH4 separation. The results show that the introduction of amino GO‐Bent in MMMs can greatly improve the CO2 permeability and obtain high CO2 permeation performance: 2.67945 × 10−7 cm3 (STP)·cm/s/cm2/cmHg, and the selectivity of CO2/N2 and CO2/CH4 can reach 307.28 and 325.97, respectively. The two selective values were 14 and 18 times higher than those of pure PVDF membranes, and the performance of MMMs far exceeded the Robeson upper limit in 2008, respectively.
Thienopyrimidine‐based agents bearing diphenylurea: Design, synthesis, and evaluation of antiproliferative and antiangiogenic activity
Authors: Mohammadian Esmaeil , Oghabi Bakhshaiesh Tayebeh , Jouyban Abolghasem , Nazeri Elahe , Hasanvand Zaman , Moghimi Setareh , Motahari Rasoul , Firoozpour Loghman , Bijanzadeh Hamidreza , Alizadeh Sani Mahmood , Hosseinzadeh Elaheh , Esmaeili Rezvan , Foroumadi Alireza
Published: November 2022

An important role has been considered for the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR‐2) in the angiogenesis process, so that its inhibition is an important scientific way for cancer treatment. In this work, new thienopyrimidine derivatives were synthesized and evaluated. Compared with sorafenib, the majority of the target compounds had antiproliferative activity against the PC3, HepG2, MCF7, SW480, and HUVEC cell lines, especially 9h with IC50 values of 4.5–15.1 μM, confirming the noticeable cytotoxic effects on the listed cell lines (PC3, HepG2, SW480, and HUVEC). Analyses by flow cytometry on SW480 and HUVEC cells revealed that 9n, 9k, 9h, and 9q led to apoptotic cell death. The result of the chick chorioallantoic membrane assay showed that 9h effectively reduced the number of corresponding blood vessels. Finally, the inhibitory effect on VEGFR‐2 phosphorylation was considered as the outcome of Western blot analysis of compound 9h.
Early Increase of Circulating Transitional B Cells and Autoantibodies to Joint‐Related Proteins in Patients With Metastatic Melanoma Developing Checkpoint Inhibitor–Induced Inflammatory Arthritis
Authors: Gatto Mariele , Bjursten Sara , Jonsson Charlotte A. , Agelii Monica Leu , Jonell Caroline , McGrath Sarah , Lönnblom Erik , Sareila Outi , Holmdahl Rikard , Rudin Anna , Levin Max , Gjertsson Inger
Published: November 2022

Objective

To investigate potential associations between B cell–related immunologic changes and development of inflammatory arthritis (IA) after treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs).

Methods

Patients who developed ICI‐induced IA (ICI‐IA) and patients who did not develop immune‐related adverse events (non‐IRAE) after receiving ICIs to treat metastatic melanoma were consecutively recruited. Blood samples were collected at the time of ICI‐IA occurrence and at different time points during treatment. Peripheral blood B cell subsets during ICI treatment were analyzed by flow cytometry. Rheumatoid factor, anti–citrullinated protein antibodies, and antibodies against joint‐related proteins were measured.

Results

Proportions of CD19+ B cells were higher in patients with ICI‐IA (n = 7) compared to patients with non‐IRAE (n = 15) (median 11.7% [interquartile range (IQR) 9.7–16.2%] versus 8.1% [IQR 5.7–11.0%]; P = 0.03). The proportion and absolute numbers of transitional CD19+CD10+CD24highCD38high B cells were increased in patients with ICI‐IA compared to non‐IRAE patients (median 8.1% [IQR 4.9–12.1%] versus 3.6% [IQR 1.9–4.9%]; median 10.7 cells/μl [IQR 8.9–19.6] versus 4.4 cells/μl [IQR 2.3–6.6]; P < 0.01 for both). In addition, higher levels of transitional B cells were associated with development of ICI‐IA (odds ratio 2.25 [95% confidence interval 1.03–4.9], P = 0.04). Transitional B cells increased before the onset of overt ICI‐IA and decreased between the active and quiescent stages of ICI‐IA (P = 0.02). Autoantibodies to type II collagen epitopes were detected in up to 43% of ICI‐IA patients compared to none of the non‐IRAE patients (P = 0.02).

Conclusion

Development of ICI‐IA is accompanied by an increase in transitional B cells and by production of autoantibodies to joint‐related proteins. Monitoring of B cell–driven abnormalities upon ICI treatment may help earlier recognition of ICI‐IA.

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Aberrant Naive CD4–Positive T Cell Differentiation in Systemic Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis Committed to B Cell Help
Authors: Kuehn Julia , Schleifenbaum Susanne , Hendling Michaela , Siebenhandl Sandra , Krainer Julie , Fuehner Sabrina , Hellige Antje , Park Carolin , Hinze Claas , Wittkowski Helmut , Holzinger Dirk , Thurner Lorenz , Weinhäusel Andreas , Foell Dirk , Kessel Christoph
Published: November 2022

Objective

Systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) features characteristics of autoinflammation and autoimmunity, culminating in chronic arthritis. In this study, we hypothesized that aberrant or incomplete polarization of T helper cells contributes to disease pathology.

Methods

Cells or serum samples were obtained from healthy controls (n = 72) and systemic JIA patients (n = 171). Isolated naive T helper cells were cultured under Th1, Th17, and T follicular helper (Tfh) or T peripheral helper (Tph)—polarizing conditions and were partly cocultured with allogenic memory B cells. Cell samples were then analyzed for surface marker, transcription factor, and cytokine expression, as well as plasmablast generation. Serum samples were subjected to multiplexed bead and self‐antigen arrays and enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assays, and all data were compared to retrospective RNA profiling analyses.

Results

Differentiation of systemic JIA–naive T helper cells toward Th1 cells resulted in low expression levels of interferon‐γ (IFNγ) and eomesodermin, which was associated in part with disease duration. In contrast, developing Th1 cells in patients with systemic JIA were found to produce elevated levels of interleukin‐21 (IL‐21), which negatively correlated with cellular expression of IFNγ and eomesodermin. In both in vitro and ex vivo analyses, IL‐21 together with programmed cell death 1 (PD‐1), inducible T cell costimulator (ICOS), and CXCR5 expression induced naive T helper cells from systemic JIA patients to polarize toward a Tfh/Tph cell phenotype. Retrospective analysis of whole‐blood RNA‐sequencing data demonstrated that Bcl‐6, a master transcription factor in Tfh/Tph cell differentiation, was overexpressed specifically in patients with systemic JIA. Naive T helper cells from systemic JIA patients which were stimulated in vitro promoted B cellular plasmablast generation, and self‐antigen array data indicated that IgG reactivity profiles of patients with systemic JIA differed from those of healthy controls.

Conclusion

In the pathogenesis of systemic JIA, skewing of naive T helper cell differentiation toward a Tfh/Tph cell phenotype may represent an echo of autoimmunity, which may indicate the mechanisms driving progression toward chronic destructive arthritis.

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Inverse motion planning method for overhead crane systems with state constraints
Authors: Chen Qingrong , Yu Siyang , Cheng Wenming , Zhang Mao , Liu Jiahui , Gao Lingchong , Du Run , Yan Wei
Published: November 2022

The trajectory planning problem with state constraints of overhead crane systems is considered in this paper. A new method, that is, an inverse motion planning method, is proposed. On this basis, a new trajectory planner is designed. The payload swing angle trajectory is designed first, and then by substituting it into the dynamic equations, the trolley trajectory is derived. For any transportation tasks, the adjustable parameter of the planner is computed by solving the state constraints such that the system states; that is, the trolley acceleration, trolley speed, and payload swing angle will not exceed their predefined constraints. Several experimental tests are conducted to verify the swing elimination performance of the proposed method.
Nonparametric significance tests for imperfect repair
Authors: Gilardoni Gustavo L. , Colosimo Enrico A. , de Toledo Maria Luíza G. , Freitas Marta A.
Published: November 2022

Given the failure history for independent and identical repairable systems, a nonparametric procedure is presented to test the null hypothesis of minimal repair (MR) against the alternative of imperfect repair. The main idea is that, under non‐harmful (harmful) repair, systems that failed later (earlier) are more reliable than those that have failed (later). This fact allows one, at any moment in time, to rank the systems from more to less reliable and, hence, to define a vector that counts how many times the system ranked failed. When all the systems are time‐truncated at the same time , it is shown that, under the null hypothesis of MR, the vector of counts follows a multinomial distribution with class probabilities for . The test proceeds by computing a chi‐bar squared test statistic similar to the one used to test one‐sided alternatives in the multinomial setup, which allows us to compute ‐values using either asymptotic theory or a straightforward Monte Carlo simulation using the null multinomial distribution. Extension to the case of different truncation times is also discussed. The procedure is applied to two real datasets regarding equipment used in the mining industry.
Full Cell Lithium‐Ion Battery Manufacture by Electrophoretic Deposition
Authors: Bree Gerard , Tong John Low Chee
Published: November 2022

Electrophoretic deposition (EPD) is a proven coating operation at an industrial scale. Initially designed for the automotive industry, it has expanded to other applications, notably ceramic coatings for surface protection, and has found promising application in the battery industry. Whilst fundamental half‐cell studies of EPD electrodes are numerous, their practical performance at full‐cell level is largely unknown. This study reports full‐cell lithium‐ion batteries in which anode and cathode are manufactured by EPD, using an exemplary Li4Ti5O12/LiFePO4 (LTO/LFP) chemistry. Investigations compatible with industry scalability were carried out including a) formulation of colloidal electrolytes for large area electrode manufacture, b) optimisation of EPD parameters providing high coating thickness and mass loading, c) comparison with slurry cast electrodes, d) scaling investigations to prototype large area pouch cells, and e) ease of manufacture with porous current collectors for high power applications. It was found that the practical performance of EPD electrodes outperformed slurry casting in various categories including lower resistances, more extractable capacity, higher power capability and stable cycling robustness.
Real‐time in‐situ electrochemical monitoring of Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms grown on air–liquid interface and its antibiotic susceptibility using a novel dual‐chamber microfluidic device
Authors: Zhang Ye , Gholizadeh Hanieh , Young Paul , Traini Daniela , Li Ming , Ong Hui Xin , Cheng Shaokoon
Published: November 2022

Biofilms are communities of bacterial cells encased in a self‐produced polymeric matrix that exhibit high tolerance toward environmental stress. Despite the plethora of research on biofilms, most P. aeruginosa biofilm models are cultured on a solid–liquid interface, and the longitudinal growth characteristics of P. aeruginosa biofilm are unclear. This study demonstrates the real‐time and noninvasive monitoring of biofilm growth using a novel dual‐chamber microfluidic device integrated with electrochemical detection capabilities to monitor pyocyanin (PYO). The growth of P. aeruginosa biofilms on the air–liquid interface (ALI) was monitored over 48 h, and its antibiotic susceptibility to 6 h exposure of 50, 400, and 1600 µg/ml of ciprofloxacin solutions was analyzed. The biofilm was treated directly on its surface and indirectly from the substratum by delivering the CIP solution to the top or bottom chamber of the microfluidic device. Results showed that P. aeruginosa biofilm developed on ALI produces PYO continuously, with the PYO production rate varying longitudinally and peak production observed between 24 and 30 h. In addition, this current study shows that the amount of PYO produced by the ALI biofilm is proportional to its viable cell numbers, which has not been previously demonstrated. Biofilm treated with ciprofloxacin solution above 400 µg/ml showed significant PYO reduction, with biofilms being killed more effectively when treatment was applied to their surfaces. The electrochemical measurement results have been verified with colony‐forming unit count results, and the strong correlation between the PYO electrical signal and the viable cell number highlights the usefulness of this approach for fast and low‐cost ALI biofilm study and antimicrobial tests.
Degradation pathways and impurity profiling of the anticancer drug apalutamide by HPLC and LC–MS/MS and separation of impurities using Design of Experiments
Authors: Lakka Narasimha Swamy , Kuppan Chandrasekar , Vadagam Niroja , Reddamoni Sapthagiri Yadav , Muthusamy Chandru
Published: November 2022

Apalutamide, an androgen receptor inhibitor, is used to treat prostate cancer. A stability‐indicating high‐performance liquid chromatography method was developed for the estimation of assay and organic impurities of apalutamide in drug substance and in tablet dosages using Design of Experiments. The chromatographic separation was achieved within 30 min using Atlantis dC18, 100 × 4.6 mm, 3.0 μm and the binary gradient program (10 mm KH2PO4, pH 3.5; acetonitrile). The detection wavelength, flow rate, column temperature and injection volume used were 270 nm, 1.0 ml/min, 45°C and 10 μl, respectively. The interaction of independent variables (pH, column temperature and flow rate) and their influences on HPLC parameters were studied using a central composite design, and then the peak separation and elution behaviors between apalutamide and its seven impurities were determined. The method validation was performed for linearity, detection limit, quantitation limit, accuracy, precision and robustness as per the International Conference on Harmonization. A high‐quality recovery with good precision (91.7–106.0%) and correlations (r2 > 0.997) within a linear range of 0.12–2.24 μg/ml (0.05–0.3%, w/w) were achieved consistently for assay and organic impurities of apalutamide. The stability‐indicating characteristics of the proposed method were assessed through forced degradation and mass balance studies. An effort was made to figure out the chemical structures of newly formed degradation products (DP1–DP5) using LC–MS/MS.
The delivery of nanoparticles improves the pharmacokinetic properties of celecoxib to open a therapeutic window for oral administration of insoluble drugs
Authors: Qin Zhenmiao , Lv Geng , Wang Tong , Li Hailong , Zhao Beicheng , Chen Meili , Gang Hou , Tan Yinfeng , Jia Huanhuan
Published: November 2022

A sensitive and reliable LC–MS/MS method is established and validated to determine the concentration of celecoxib, in the serum of cynomolgus monkey, using celecoxib‐D7 as an internal standard. The pharmacokinetic process was investigated after giving Celebrex, celecoxib nanoparticles (CXB‐NPs) and hyaluronic acid celecoxib nanoparticles (HA‐CXB‐NPs) by intragastric (i.g.) administration. Chromatographic separation was performed with a C18 column (2.1 × 100 mm, 2.6 μm) at 40°C with a mobile phase of 2‰ HCOOH in water and acetonitrile. The mass spectral acquisition was then performed in the multiple reaction monitoring mode, with negative ESI ion at m/z 380.0 → 316.0 and m/z 387.1 → 323.1 for celecoxib and celecoxib‐D7, respectively. Good linearity was observed over the concentration range from 3 to 2,000 ng/ml (R2 = 0.9954). The intra‐ and inter‐day precision and accuracy, matrix effect and extraction recovery, as well as stability, all met the determination requirements of biological samples. The pharmacokinetic parameters of Celebrex, CXB‐NPs and HA‐CXB‐NPs were determined as: area under the curve, 1,855.98 ± 346.59, 1,908.00 ± 1,130.24 and 2,164.48 ± 657.47 h·ng/ml; peak concentration, 261.08 ± 113.26, 261.12 ± 94.67 and 263.34 ± 151.78 μg/L; time to peak concentration, 2.00 ± 1.22, 4.00 ± 0.00 and 3.60 ± 0.89 h; half‐life, 4.39 ± 1.26, 2.33 ± 0.94 and 4.92 ± 3.13 h; relative bioavailability, 102.80 ± 49.62 and 116.63 ± 25.55%. The validated method was successfully applied to the pharmacokinetic study of celecoxib in cynomolgus monkey, after i.g. administration. The preparation of the nanoparticles of celecoxib and the modification of hyaluronic acid on the surface of nanoparticles could improve the bioavailability and prolong the circulation of celecoxib in vivo, which could lay the foundation for further development of celecoxib nanoparticles.
The determinants of green entrepreneurship: The perspectives of leadership, culture, and creativity
Authors: Chen Yu‐Shan , Lin Yi‐Hsiung , Lai Yi‐Ju
Published: November 2022

This study investigates the determinants of green entrepreneurship from the perspectives of leadership, culture, and creativity. We prove that environmental leadership of top managers positively influences green entrepreneurship directly, and it also positively affects green entrepreneurship indirectly via green creativity. Furthermore, environmental organizational culture cannot directly influence green entrepreneurship, but it can indirectly affect green entrepreneurship through green creativity positively. In addition, we verify that green creativity plays a partial mediator role on the relationship between environmental leadership of top managers and green entrepreneurship, as well as a full mediator role on the relationship between environmental organizational culture and green entrepreneurship. Moreover, we demonstrate that both of proactiveness and risk‐taking propensity of top managers moderate the positive relationship between green creativity and green entrepreneurship. The results suggest enterprises to improve environmental leadership of top managers, environmental organizational culture, and green creativity to improve green entrepreneurship. Additionally, firms must develop top managers' proactiveness and risk‐taking propensity to increase the extent of the positive relationship between green creativity and green entrepreneurship.
Cancer associated fibroblast derived gene signature determines cancer subtypes and prognostic model construction in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas
Authors: Wu Sangqing , Huang Cheng , Su Liangping , Wong Ping‐Pui , Huang Yongsheng , Chen Renhui , Lin Peiliang , Ye Yuchu , Song Pang , Han Ping , Huang Xiaoming
Published: November 2022

Background

Head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC) are the most common type of head and neck cancer with an unimproved prognosis over the past decades. Although the role of cancer‐associated‐fibroblast (CAF) has been demonstrated in HNSCC, the correlation between CAF‐derived gene expression and patient prognosis remains unknown.

Methods

A total of 528 patients from TCGA database and 270 patients from GSE65858 database were contained in this study. After extracting 66 CAF‐related gene expression data from TCGA database, consensus clustering was performed to identify different HNSCC subtypes. Limma package was used to distinguish the differentially expression genes (DEGs) between these subtypes, followed by Lasso regression analysis to construct a prognostic model. The model was validated by performing Kaplan‐Meier survival, ROC and risk curve, univariate and multivariate COX regression analysis. GO, KEGG, GSEA, ESTIMATE and ssGSEA analyses was performed to explort the potential mechanism leading to different prognosis.

Results

Based on the 66 CAF‐related gene expression pattern we stratitied HNSCC patients into two previously unreported subtypes with different clinical outcomes. A prognostic model composed of 15 DEGs was constructed and validated. In addition, bioinformatics analysis showed that the prognostic risk of HNSCC patients was also negatively correlated to immune infiltration, implying the role of tumor immune escape in HNSCC prognosis and treatment option.

Conclusions

The study develops a reliable prognostic prediction tool and provides a theoretical treatment guidance for HNSCC patients.
Crisis communications plans can help to prevent legal trouble for colleges, universities
Authors: McCarthy Claudine
Published: November 2022

Behind every legal issue facing your institution are communications issues that need to be addressed. The way you choose to address these issues will influence how they're perceived by others, whether such issues might become entangled in the legal process, and the potential reputational damage to your department and institution. That's according to James F. Haggerty, J.D., Crisis Communications Consultant and President and CEO of PRCG/Haggerty LLC, a strategic communications firm, and the author of Chief Crisis Officer: Structure and Leadership for Effective Communications Response and In the Court of Public Opinion: Winning Strategies for Litigation Communications. He spoke at Stetson University's National Conference on Law and Higher Education.
Design, Synthesis, α‐Amylase/α‐Glucosidase Inhibition Assay, Induced Fit Docking Study of New Hybrid Compounds Containing 4H‐Pyrano[2,3‐d]pyrimidine, 1H‐1,2,3‐Triazole and D‐Glucose Components
Authors: Toan Vu Ngoc , Thanh Nguyen Dinh , Huyen Le Thi , Hanh Nguyen Thi , Hai Do Son , Anh Hoang Huu , Giang Nguyen Thi Kim , Van Hoang Thi Kim
Published: November 2022

In this study, the click chemistry between N‐propargyl derivatives of substituted 4H‐pyrano[2,3‐d]pyrimidines and tetra‐O‐acetyl‐α‐d‐glucopyranosyl azide carried out under catalytic conditions using catalyst CuI@Montmorillonite and additive N,N‐diisopropylethylamine (DIPEA). The yields of obtained hybrid compounds having 4H‐pyrano[2,3‐d]pyrimidine connected to 1H‐1,2,3‐triazole rings were about 85–94 %. All these synthesized hybrid compounds were examined for in vitro α‐amylase (with IC50 values in the range of 103.63±1.13 μM to 295.45±1.11 μM) and α‐glucosidase (with IC50 values in the range of 45.63±1.14 μM to 184.52±1.15) inhibitory activity. Amongst this series, ethyl ester 8m showed the best inhibitory activity against α‐amylase with IC50 of 103.63±1.13 μM, while ethyl ester 8t exhibited the highest activity against α‐glucosidase with IC50 of 45.63±1.14 μM. The kinetics of the inhibition of compound 8t showed the competitive α‐glucosidase inhibitor property of this compound. Furthermore, the most potent compounds had any cytotoxicity against human normal cells. Induced fit docking and molecular dynamics simulation calculations indicated that the inhibition potential compounds 8m and 8t had the active interactions with the residues in receptors of corresponding tested enzymes. The calculated binding free energy from MM‐GBSA approach showed that the major energy components contributed to the active binding of these studied inhibitors, including Coulomb, lipophilic and van der Waals energy. Further, 300 ns MD simulation showed that studied ligand‐protein complexes were stable and indicated the structural observations into mode of binding in these complexes.
Six New Constituents from the Fruit of Hypericum patulum and Their Anti‐Inflammatory Activity
Authors: Xue Jing‐Yi , Jiang Wei , Li Li , Lu Ding‐Yan , Ma Xue , Lu Yuan , Liu Ting , Huang Yong , Wang Yong‐Lin , Li Yong‐Jun
Published: November 2022

Four new xanthone glucosides, 3‐hydroxy‐2‐methoxyxanthone‐4‐O‐β‐D‐glucopyranoside (1), 4,8‐dihydroxy‐2‐methoxyxanthone‐3‐O‐β‐D‐glucopyranoside (2), 2‐methoxyxanthone‐5‐O‐β‐D‐glucopyranoside (3), 4‐hydroxy‐2‐methoxyxanthone‐3‐O‐β‐D‐glucopyranoside (4), a new phenolic acid, 4,4′‐dihydroxy‐3,3′‐imino‐di‐benzoic acid monomethyl ester (5), and a new isoquinoline, methyl 6‐hydroxy‐1‐oxo‐1,2,3,4‐tetrahydroisoquinoline‐4‐carboxylate (6) were isolated from the fruit of Hypericum patulum. The structural elucidation of the isolated compounds was primarily based on HR‐ESI‐MS, UV, IR, 1D and 2D NMR. All compounds were evaluated for their inhibitory effect against LPS‐induced NO production in RAW 264.7 cells. Compound 2, 3 exhibited moderate inhibitory activity against NO production.
Duodenal diverticula perforation caused by an impacted bezoar successfully treated by endoscopic drainage and lithotripsy: A case report and literature review
Authors: Tadokoro Takeshi , Oishi Koichi , Namba Yosuke , Bekki Tomoaki , Okimoto Sho , Mukai Shoichiro , Saito Yasufumi , Fujisaki Seiji , Takahashi Mamoru , Mouri Teruo , Nishida Toshihiro , Fukuda Toshikatsu
Published: November 2022

Duodenal diverticula perforation due to an impacted bezoar is a rare disease. Surgical treatment is associated with high rates of complications and mortality; therefore, treatment strategies must be carefully decided. Endoscopic treatment offers significant benefits to patients over surgery.
SLE‐associated myelitis successfully treated by rituximab
Authors: Khabbazi Alireza , Ghadakchi Leyla , Yazdani Yalda , Habibzade Elham , Mehrtabar Saba , Khalaji Amirreza
Published: November 2022

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease. Transverse myelitis (TM) is one of the rare neurological manifestations of SLE. Here, we present a case of SLE in which TM precede other symptoms and successfully treated by Rituximab.
Cyst of rete ovarii: A case report
Authors: Jha Kritika , Aryal Roshan , Khaniya Bishal , Maskey Suvana , Ojha Neebha
Published: November 2022

Rete ovarii giving rise to cysts, and benign and malignant tumors is a rare entity. Radiological and histopathological examinations can be used to make the diagnosis of rete cyst and differentiate it from cystic tumor of ovarian origin, with surgery being the treatment of choice.
Retained tracheostomy stay suture with migration into the glottic airway: A case report
Authors: Johns J. Dixon , Habib Andy M. , Dixit Ronak B.
Published: November 2022

The stay‐suture technique (SST) helps ensure safe replacement of the tracheostomy tube after accidental decannulation. We describe a patient found to have a retained stay suture in the glottis 2 weeks post‐decannulation. It is important to appreciate the possible complications associated with SST, including airway compromise, infection, and laryngospasm.
Elevated troponin level and nonspecific ST‐segment and T‐wave changes in a suspected acute pancreatitis patient, post‐SARS‐Cov‐2 infection: A case report
Authors: Pourfridoni Mohammad , Khan Moien A. B. , Khalil‐Khan Alam , Mohammad Bagheri Rafsanjani Afshin , Askarpour Hedyeh
Published: November 2022

The case report describes a post‐COVID‐19 patient with severe right upper quadrant (RUQ) pain, moderate epigastric pain, high troponin levels, and nonspecific ST‐segment and T‐wave changes on electrocardiogram (ECG).
Simultaneous Organic Matter and Nitrogen Removal from Piggery Slaughterhouse Wastewater Using Bioaugmented Gaslift Membrane Bioreactor
Authors: Toan Nguyen Duc , Tuyen Nguyen Van , Hai Pham Bang , Ha Nguyen Thi Hoang , Anh Do Tien , Dung Bach Quang
Published: November 2022

A single bioaugmentation reactor and a side‐stream gaslift membrane bioreactor combined with bioaugmentation are conducted to treat real wastewater from a centralized piggery slaughterhouse in Vietnam. The bioaugmented reactor is inoculated with heterotrophic microorganisms (Bacillus sp.) isolated from piggery slaughterhouse wastewater. The results of a single bioaugmentation experiment show high removal efficiency of chemical oxygen demand (COD) (84.8%–97.5%) and total nitrogen (TN) (69.9%–87.2%) at loading rates of 1.28–3.89 and 0.14–0.37 kg m−3 d−1, respectively. The combined system demonstrates a significantly higher TN removal efficiency (89.0%–96.1%) (p < 0.001), more stable flux (36.0–38.4 L m−2 h−1), and transmembrane pressure (0.95–1.05 bar), and better capacity of separation of solid–liquid phases compared to the single bioaugmentation. High COD and TN removal efficiency is possibly due to assimilation and simultaneous nitrification and denitrification processes. The results of this study also indicate the feasibility and propitious efficiency of the bioaugmented gaslift membrane bioreactor for piggery slaughterhouse wastewater treatment.
Effect of Futibatinib on Cardiac Repolarization: Results of a Randomized, Controlled, Double‐Blind, QT/QTc, Phase 1 Study in Healthy Subjects
Authors: Yamamiya Ikuo , Lester Robert , Sonnichsen Daryl , Mina Mark , He Yaohua , Benhadji Karim A.
Published: November 2022

Futibatinib, a fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) 1–4 inhibitor, is being investigated for FGFR‐aberrant tumors. A 4‐period, crossover, phase 1 thorough QT/QTc study compared effects on Fridericia heart rate–corrected QT (QTcF) interval of single doses of futibatinib 20 and 80 mg (therapeutic and supratherapeutic doses, respectively), placebo, and moxifloxacin (positive control) in healthy subjects. The study objective was to assess the time‐matched difference in change from baseline in QTcF (ddQTcF) between futibatinib and placebo. In addition, changes from baseline in QTcF and other electrocardiogram (ECG) parameters, pharmacokinetics, ECG morphology, and safety were assessed. Forty‐eight subjects were randomized. ddQTcF upper limits of 2‐sided 90%CIs remained <10 milliseconds (clinical threshold) for both futibatinib doses at all time points (range, 2.0–4.5 milliseconds). Assay sensitivity was demonstrated by lower limits of 2‐sided 97.5%CIs of the dQTcF difference between moxifloxacin and placebo of >5 milliseconds. Futibatinib exposure increased in a dose‐dependent manner, and no significant relationship was detected between plasma futibatinib concentration and ddQTcF. There were no significant effects on heart rate, other ECG parameters, or ECG morphology. No serious adverse events occurred. Futibatinib did not prolong QTcF or affect other cardiac measures at therapeutic or supratherapeutic doses.
DLPM: A dynamic location protection mechanism supporting continuous queries
Authors: Zhu Linghe , Hong Haibo , Xie Mande , Yu Jun
Published: November 2022

Currently, the protection of users' location privacy, particularly for moveable users, is a major concern for both academia and business. In order to receive required services, a moveable user needs to constantly disclose his/her location information with an untrusted third party in his/her locations, which raises security and privacy issues. To settle the above problems, in this work, we creatively integrate local differential privacy (LDP) with conditional random field (CRF) to facilitate continuous location sharing among moveable users. Firstly, we advance a novel approach of employing CRF to represent users' mobility. After that, we establish a system to provide continuous location sharing by combining the ‐location set and ‐LDP. Finally, we evaluate the system performance on actual data sets. The experimental results indicate that our technique outperforms the planar isotropic mechanism (PIM) and AGENT.
Clinical Decision Support for Precision Dosing: Opportunities for Enhanced Equity and Inclusion in Health Care
Authors: Hughes Jasmine H. , Woo Kara H. , Keizer Ron J. , Goswami Srijib
Published: November 2022

Precision dosing aims to tailor doses to individual patients with the goal of improving treatment efficacy and avoiding toxicity. Clinical decision support software (CDSS) plays a crucial role in mediating this process, translating knowledge derived from clinical trials and real‐world data (RWD) into actionable insights for clinicians to use at the point of care. However, not all patient populations are proportionally represented in clinical trials and other data sources that inform CDSS tools, limiting the applicability of these tools for underrepresented populations. Here, we review some of the limitations of existing CDSS tools and discuss methods for overcoming these gaps. We discuss considerations for study design and modeling to create more inclusive CDSS, particularly with an eye toward better incorporation of biological indicators in place of race, ethnicity, or sex. We also review inclusive practices for collection of these demographic data, during both study design and in software user interface design. Because of the role CDSS plays in both recording routine clinical care data and disseminating knowledge derived from data, CDSS presents a promising opportunity to continuously improve precision dosing algorithms using RWD to better reflect the diversity of patient populations.
Phase‐shifted full‐bridge converter based on an adjustable current auxiliary circuit with full load range ZVS and small duty cycle loss
Authors: Gao Yahu , Tang Yu , Kan Jiarong , Shi Zhe , Liu Hongjing , Niu Jincai , Tian Donghao
Published: November 2022

In this paper, a phase‐shifted full‐bridge converter based on an adjustable current auxiliary circuit is proposed. The converter's switches achieve ZVS with the help of the parallel current provided by the auxiliary circuit. The conduction loss of the parallel current is reduced since the magnitude of the current can be adjusted by the variable inductor. Since there is no additional series inductor, the duty cycle loss of the proposed converter is minimal. Moreover, the oscillating voltage on the secondary side decays quickly, indicating that the energy involved in the oscillation is small, which is beneficial to reduce the loss of the RCD. The experimental platform is built. On this basis, theoretical analysis and experimental verification are carried out in this paper.