bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Highland deer mice support increased thermogenesis in response to chronic cold hypoxia by shifting uptake of circulating fatty acids from muscles to brown adipose tissue
Authors: Lyons Sulayman A. , McClelland Grant B.
Published: March 2024

During maximal cold challenge (cold-induced V̇O2,max) in hypoxia, highland deer mice (Peromyscus maniculatus) show higher rates of circulatory fatty acid delivery compared with lowland deer mice. Fatty acid delivery also increases with acclimation to cold hypoxia (CH) and probably plays a major role in supporting the high rates of thermogenesis observed in highland deer mice. However, it is unknown which tissues take up these fatty acids and their relative contribution to thermogenesis. The goal of this study was to determine the uptake of circulating fatty acids into 24 different tissues during hypoxic cold-induced V̇O2,max, by using [1-14C]2-bromopalmitic acid. To uncover evolved and environment-induced changes in fatty acid uptake, we compared lab-born and -raised highland and lowland deer mice, acclimated to either thermoneutral (30°C, 21 kPa O2) or CH (5°C, 12 kPa O2) conditions. During hypoxic cold-induced V̇O2,max, CH-acclimated highlanders decreased muscle fatty acid uptake and increased uptake into brown adipose tissue (BAT) relative to thermoneutral highlanders, a response that was absent in lowlanders. CH acclimation was also associated with increased activities of enzymes citrate synthase and β-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase in the BAT of highlanders, and higher levels of fatty acid translocase CD36 (FAT/CD36) in both populations. This is the first study to show that cold-induced fatty acid uptake is distributed across a wide range of tissues. Highland deer mice show plasticity in this fatty acid distribution in response to chronic cold hypoxia, and combined with higher rates of tissue delivery, this contributes to their survival in the cold high alpine environment.
Effect of propolis on the mechanophysical properties of addition silicon dental impression material
Authors: Abdulaali Noor Falah , Abass Shorouq Majid
Published: March 2024

Background Dental impressions should be disinfected to stop the transmission of germs among dental workers since they provide a risk of diseases. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of two disinfectants (16 mg/ml propolis and 5.25% sodium hypochlorite) on the detail reproduction, linear dimensional change, compatibility with gypsum products, wettability, and surface roughness of addition silicon material. Methods Ninety specimens were created using Addition silicon impression material, and they were then divided into three groups at random. Ten specimens from each test group were used in each test. Utilizing apparatus made in accordance with ISO 4823:2015, detail reproduction, linear dimensional change, and compatibility with gypsum products are assessed. A digital Profilometer was uutilized to evaluate surface roughness, and a Goniometer was utilized to evaluate wettability by taking the contact angle. Before testing, the specimens were immersed for 10 minutes each in two disinfection solutions: 16 mg/ml propolis and 5.25% NaOCL. The control group received no disinfection. One-way ANOVA tests and the Kruskal-Wallis test, which was statistically significant at a level of p 0.05, were used to examine the data. Results Comparing the linear dimensional change, surface roughness, and wettability of Addition silicon specimens immersed in 16 mg/ml propolis, 5.25% NaOCL, or the control group demonstrated statistically significant differences (p< 0.05), while details reproduction and compatibility with gypsum revealed statistically no significant differences (p > 0.05). Conclusion Within the parameters of this study, the addition silicon can be immersed in 16 mg/ml propolis for 10 min. to disinfect it without compromising its dimensional accuracy, detail reproduction, compatibility with gypsum products, surface roughness, or wettability.
Development of a Health Impact Assessment Implementation Model: Enhancing Intersectoral Approaches in Tackling Health Inequalities- A Mixed Methods Study Protocol
Authors: O'Mullane Monica , Kenny Tara , Nash Kirsty , McHugh Sheena M. , Kavanagh Paul , Smith Katherine
Published: March 2024

Public health research presents compelling evidence that health is socially determined. To address structural inequalities and inequities in health, public policies require intersectoral development and implementation. Health Impact Assessment (HIA) is an established approach for analysing potentially detrimental health impacts of policies, programmes, and projects, as well as potentially positive impacts and opportunities. National public health policy, Healthy Ireland (2013–2025), endorses an intersectoral whole-of-system approach to ensure that health is a central part of all relevant policy areas. HIA is endorsed in this policy as one way to drive this agenda. Synergising with this policy commitment for HIA, the all-island Institute of Public Health Ireland produced revised HIA guidance in 2021. Two HIAs will be carried out as part of this project, including one at a local policy level, addressing the Cork City Development Plan (2022–2028), and the second HIA at a national policy level, addressing the Irish Government’s Climate Action Plan (2024). The updated HIA guidance will be used in the conduct of these HIAs. This research project involves a co-creation of a Health Impact Assessment Implementation Model by employing an action research approach with implementation science frameworks to the conduct of the two HIAs. Therefore, the process of doing the HIAs will form the basis for the research study. In order to enhance meaningful community involvement in HIA in Ireland, the project will co-create a Community Engagement Toolkit for HIA. This Model will strengthen researcher, policy actor, practitioner, community, and voluntary sector capacity to collaboratively develop and implement intersectoral and equitable policy responses to major population health issues.
Machine learning guided prediction of the yield strength and hardness of multi-principal element alloys
Authors: Taufique Mohammad Fuad Nur , Mamun Osman , Roy Ankit , Khakurel Hrishabh , Balasubramanian Ganesh , Ouyang Gaoyuan , Cui Jun , Johnson Duane D. , Devanathan Ram
Published: March 2024

Background Multi-Principal Element Alloys (MPEAs) have better properties, such as yield strength, hardness, and corrosion resistance compared to conventional alloys. Compositional optimization is a challenging task to obtain desired properties of MPEAs and machine learning is a potential tool to rapidly accelerate the search and design of new materials. Methods We have implemented different machine learning models to predict the yield strength and Vickers hardness of MPEAs at room temperature and quantify the uncertainty of the predictions. Results Our results suggest that valence electron concentration (VEC) is the key feature dominating the yield strength and hardness of MPEAs. Our predicted yield strength and hardness values for the experimental validation set show < 15 % error for most cases with respect to the experimental values. Conclusions Our machine learning model can serve as a useful tool to screen half a trillion MPEAs and down select promising compositions for useful applications.
Re-evaluating the factor structure of the Tolerance of Ambiguity of Medical Students And Doctors (TAMSAD) scale in newly qualified doctors
Authors: Hancock Jason , Ukoumunne Obioha C , Mattick Karen , Gale Thomas , Burford Bryan
Published: March 2024

Background Ambiguity and uncertainty are inherent within the practice of medicine. While theory suggests the construct may be multidimensional, scales such as the Tolerance of Ambiguity of Medical Students And Doctors (TAMSAD) act unidimensionally, at least in a local population. Therefore, the dimensionality of the Tolerance of Ambiguity (ToA) construct remains unclear. This study aims to explore the dimensionality of ToA in early postgraduate doctors using the TAMSAD scale in a UK national sample and consider the implications of this dimensionality for theory and practice. Methods We used data from 428 respondents in a national research project examining the experiences of newly qualified doctors in the UK (2020). We undertook an exploratory factor analysis (extracting one-factor to six-factor solutions) of the 29-item TAMSAD scale and compared findings to an existing integrative model of uncertainty tolerance. Results The analysis suggested that the ToA construct is multidimensional. The three-factor model and five-factor model provided clinically interpretable factors and had different merits. It appears that having an affinity for complexity is not simply the opposite of experiencing discomfort from uncertainty, and that a professional’s epistemological beliefs about the nature of medicine may influence their ToA. Conclusions These findings support an extension to a key integrative model of uncertainty tolerance, and support development of interventions to increase ToA in doctors. For example, through encouraging increased reflection on an individual’s own epistemological beliefs about medicine and the role of doctors. The potential impact of such interventions can be evaluated using scales such as the TAMSAD.
The impact of accreditation on continuous quality improvement process in undergraduate medical education programs: A scoping review
Authors: Arja Sateesh B , White Bobbie Ann , Fayyaz Jabeen , Thompson Anne
Published: March 2024

Background Accreditation in medical education has existed for more than 100 years, yet the impact of accreditation remains inconclusive. Some studies have shown the effects of accreditation on student outcomes and educational processes at medical schools. However, evidence showing the impact of accreditation on continuous quality improvement of undergraduate medical education programs is still in its infancy. This scoping review explores the impact of accreditation on continuous quality improvement (CQI). Methods This scoping review followed the methodology of the Preferred Reporting Items of Systematic Reviews and the Meta-Analysis extension for scoping reviews (PRISMA-ScR) checklist outlined by Arksey and O'Malley (2005). Databases, including PubMed, Medline, ERIC, CINHAL, and Google Scholar, were searched to find articles from 2000 to 2022 related to the accreditation of undergraduate medical education programs and continuous quality improvement. Results A total of 35 full-text articles were reviewed, and ten articles met our inclusion criteria. The quality assurance approach is based on meeting the standards of accreditation. The quality improvement approach is based on striving for excellence. Literature suggests a requirement to move from student outcomes to CQI measures. CQI requires everyone in the organization to take responsibility and accountability, considering quality as the result of every single step or process and leaders supporting improvements in data collection and data analysis for quality improvement. Conclusions The literature on accreditation and CQI are limited in number. More research studies are required to enhance undergraduate medical education accreditation practices' value to medical students, educators, academic leaders, programs, and the public. It was recommended that medical schools embrace the culture and vision perpetuated by the CQI process.
Assessing COVID-19 vaccine roll-out in Uganda: a case study of uptake and associated factors among health care workers and older people
Authors: Bahemuka Ubaldo Mushabe , Abaasa Andrew , Asaba Robert , Ssemwanga Edward , Muwanga Moses , Nsereko Christopher , Nsubuga Denis , Sande Slivesteri , Wajja Anne , Seeley Janet , Elliott Alison , Ruzagira Eugene
Published: March 2024

Introduction We conducted a survey to investigate the uptake of COVID-19 vaccination among healthcare workers (HCWs) and older persons (≥ 50 years) in Uganda, groups at particular risk of infection and severe disease outcomes respectively. Methods The survey was conducted between May and August 2021, during the early phase of COVID-19 vaccine roll-out. All HCWs at Entebbe and Kisubi hospitals, Wakiso district (urban/peri-urban) and Villa Maria hospital, Kalungu district (rural), and non-healthcare worker (non-HCW) individuals enrolled in an ongoing older persons’ cohort study in Wakiso district, completed an interviewer-administered questionnaire on socio-demographics, pre-existing medical conditions, attitudes regarding COVID-19 vaccines, and vaccination uptake. Logistic regression was performed to investigate factors associated with uptake. Findings A total of 746 individuals, 597 HCWs and 149 non-HCW older persons, participated. Majority were aged ≤50 years (71.6%), female (63.1%), and had secondary school/other higher-level education (77.8%). COVID-19 uptake was 63.7%, overall; 95.2%, Entebbe Hospital; 75.4%, Kisubi Hospital; 49.5%, Villa Maria Hospital; and 20.8%, non-HCW. Among HCWs, health facility [Entebbe hospital (aOR 18.9, 95% CI 8.9-40.2), Kisubi hospital (aOR 5.2, 95% CI 3.0-9.0) all compared with Villa Maria], age >50 years (aOR 3.1, 95% CI 1.2-8.4) and positive attitude towards COVID-19 vaccines (aOR 5.0, 95% CI 2.1-11.8) were associated with high uptake, while female sex (aOR 0.5, 95% CI 0.3-0.9) was associated with low uptake. Among non-HCW older persons, absence of chronic infectious disease (aOR 4.3, 95% CI 1.1-16.3) good attitude towards COVID-19 vaccines (aOR 29.2, 95% CI 4.1-208.8) were associated with high uptake, while advanced age 70-79 years (aOR 0.1, 95% CI 0.01-0.97) was associated with low uptake. Conclusion COVID-19 vaccine uptake was lowest among rural-based HCWs and non-HCW older persons. Vaccination campaigns during a pandemic need to foster positive attitudes towards vaccines and employ strategies specifically designed to improve vaccine uptake among disadvantaged populations.
Context, language, and technology in data literacy
Authors: Schenck Kelsey E. , Duschl Richard A.
Published: March 2024

Integrating data literacy into K-12 education in an increasingly data-driven society is imperative. Data literacy is conceptualized as an interdisciplinary competence that extends beyond traditional statistical understanding, encompassing skills in accessing, analyzing, interpreting, and effectively communicating insights derived from data. The paper argues for a paradigm shift in educational approaches, advocating for incorporating contextual, inquiry-based methodologies over the traditional formalisms-first approach. This shift is essential for enhancing students' ability to apply data literacy skills in real-world contexts. The limitations of a formalisms-first pedagogical approach are discussed, highlighting its potential to restrict students' practical application of theoretical knowledge. In contrast, the article advocates for inquiry-driven educational strategies like project-based and problem-based learning to foster deeper engagement and understanding of data literacy. These strategies may be more effective in connecting theoretical concepts with students' lived experiences and real-world applications. Additionally, the paper argues that data literacy should be framed as language. Designers of data literacy learning progressions should draw on examples from mathematics and science domains and research to build students' understanding of the transformation processes from data to evidence and subsequently to models and explanations. Further, the article explores the integration of technology in data literacy education. It underscores the role of digital tools and platforms in facilitating interactive, hands-on experiences with complex data sets, enriching the learning process, and preparing students for the challenges of the digital era. In conclusion, the article calls for a comprehensive, interdisciplinary approach to data literacy education underpinned by technology-enhanced learning environments. This approach is essential for developing both the technical skills for data manipulation and a critical mindset for data evaluation and interpretation, thereby cultivating a responsible, data-literate citizenry capable of informed decision-making in a data-rich world.
Visibilizar las destrezas de pensamiento en educación primaria: desarrollo psicométrico de un instrumento de evaluación
Authors: Manassero-Mas María-Antonia , Vázquez-Alonso Ángel
Published: March 2024

INTRODUCCIÓN. Las competencias del siglo XXI incluyen siempre el pensamiento crítico (PC) y proyectan una demanda creciente de innovación educativa, porque el PC no es un contenido usual en la educación escolar. La carencia de instrumentos de evaluación de PC para primaria dificulta su visibilidad y educación, y justifica el objetivo de este estudio: validar un instrumento de evaluación del PC libre de cultura para educación primaria y establecer sus propiedades psicométricas. MÉTODO. Las prescripciones habituales para desarrollos empíricos de test son seguidas en un proceso con dos formas del test aplicadas a dos muestras de estudiantes de sexto grado de educación primaria y refinamientos estadísticos entre ambas. Se aplican métodos correlacionales de análisis factorial exploratorio y confirmatorio para determinar la fiabilidad y validez de la prueba, construida con cinco destrezas teóricas apropiadas para la educación primaria: predicción, comparación, clasificación, resolución de problemas y razonamiento lógico. RESULTADOS. Los resultados describen los estadísticos de ítems y destrezas, y confirman una estructura empírica de un instrumento final de 29 ítems y cuatro factores empíricos (predicción-confirmación, clasificación ampliada, resolución de problemas y nuevo razonamiento). La parsimoniosa interpretación de los factores junto con los parámetros apropiados de bondad del ajuste (GFI .962) y de la fiabilidad de los factores y la prueba final (.966) apoyan la validez psicométrica de la prueba para evaluar el pensamiento en educación primaria. DISCUSIÓN. Las propiedades psicométricas de validez, bondad de ajuste y fiabilidad del instrumento prueban su utilidad para la visibilidad, la evaluación y la investigación del pensamiento en primaria. Además, el carácter unidimensional de los cuatro factores empíricos justifica las aplicaciones independientes de cada uno de ellos. Finalmente, algunas limitaciones psicométricas sugieren potenciales líneas prospectivas de futuros desarrollos y aplicaciones para continuar mejorando la calidad del instrumento.
Desarrollo profesional docente a través de un proyecto participativo. Una investigación colaborativa
Authors: Blasco-Serrano Ana Cristina , Coma-Roselló Teresa , Royo López Isabel , San Miguel Lafuente Itziar
Published: March 2024

INTRODUCCIÓN. La evolución hacia un modelo de escuela transformadora requiere que el profesorado se convierta en un facilitador para crear escenarios participativos que empoderen a la comunidad educativa. Esta investigación tiene como finalidad poner de relieve los cambios en la cultura y en la práctica educativa del profesorado a través de un proceso comunitario de reflexión y participación, a lo largo de tres años, en el marco de un proyecto europeo de innovación social, desarrollado en un centro de educación infantil y primaria. MÉTODO. Se trata de una investigación evaluativa, de tipo colaborativo, desde una perspectiva cualitativa. Sus objetivos son conocer cómo afecta al profesorado la participación de la comunidad educativa en el proyecto europeo de transformación educativa y social NEMESIS e indagar en cómo influye dicho proyecto en su práctica educativa docente y en su desarrollo profesional. Han participado en el estudio 2 investigadoras de la universidad, 35 docentes del centro educativo, 3 familiares y 16 niños y niñas. Los instrumentos y estrategias de recogida de información han sido la observación participante, revisión documental, entrevistas y grupos de discusión. RESULTADOS Y DISCUSIÓN. Los resultados muestran que la implicación en el proyecto por parte del profesorado ha supuesto cambios en su metodología y en su cultura docente hacia una mayor participación del alumnado y de la comunidad educativa, favoreciendo su desarrollo profesional y la reconstrucción de su identidad docente. Se muestra un camino posible para continuar promoviendo una escuela para que fomente la justicia social desde la experiencia de reflexión compartida.
La competencia “aprender a aprender” en Ciencias de la Salud. Un estudio cualitativo
Authors: Gargallo López Bernardo , García-García Fran J. , López-Francés Inmaculada , Sarrià Chust Benjamín , Benavent Garcés Amparo , Cebrià i Iranzo Maria Àngels
Published: March 2024

INTRODUCCIÓN. “Aprender a aprender” (LTL) es una competencia clave propuesta por la Comisión Europea para los sistemas educativos de los países miembros (CE, 2005, 2018). Hasta la fecha, los académicos aún no han llegado a un acuerdo sobre aprender a aprender, de cara a establecer el modelo teórico requerido para incorporar esta competencia en los planes de estudio. Nuestro equipo de investigación se planteó como objetivo diseñar y validar un modelo integral para usarlo como referencia de cara a la intervención educativa. Este modelo consta de cinco dimensiones: cognitiva, metacognitiva, afectivo-motivacional, social-relacional y ética, y 20 subdimensiones. Las tres primeras dimensiones provienen de las teorías del aprendizaje estratégico y autorregulado, la cuarta del enfoque sociocognitivo y la quinta es un aporte original de nuestro equipo. Varios grupos de estudiantes, docentes, profesionales y empresarios de Ciencias de la Salud fueron consultados para validar este modelo. MÉTODO. Para realizar la validación se utilizaron métodos cualitativos mediante el desarrollo de cuatro grupos focales (n=20). A los participantes se les hizo una pregunta general sobre LTL y se grabaron sus aportaciones. Posteriormente estas grabaciones fueron transcritas y procesadas con Atlas ti.8 para comparar los contenidos codificados con el modelo teórico. Se analizó la presencia y relevancia de las dimensiones y subdimensiones del modelo inicial considerando frecuencia de comentarios, conexiones e interrelación. RESULTADOS. Los resultados confirmaron el modelo inicial: los participantes dieron relevancia a todas las dimensiones y a casi todas las subdimensiones. DISCUSIÓN. Una futura línea de investigación sería diseñar un instrumento de evaluación estandarizado para estudiantes universitarios basado en este modelo teórico. A partir de los datos se discuten las limitaciones del trabajo y las implicaciones para la práctica.
Does Addiction Cause Addictive Behavior?
Authors: Krieger Arthur
Published: March 2024

Abstract: Is addiction a behavioral pattern, or the underlying cause of a behavioral pattern? Both views are found in prominent accounts of addiction, but theorists generally do not notice that they are taking a controversial position, let alone justify it. A third possibility is that addiction consists in both addictive behavior and its causes, though this view is less obviously present in the literature. I argue that two important considerations favor the "cause view" over the "behavior" and "hybrid" views. The first is that we want to be able to explain addictive behavior with reference to addiction. The second is that addiction seems to persist long after addictive behavior has ceased. Only the cause view can easily accommodate both data points.
"All This World at Once": Epic and Totality
Authors: Bartolovich Crystal
Published: March 2024

Abstract: This article argues for the continued relevance of dialectical totality in a world structured by capitalist property relations that require destructive human mastery of the Earth and each other. Anti- Aeneid epic form insists on an openness to history. I argue that this form in Paradise Lost and Omeros demonstrates the partiality of individual perspectives and models a collectivist aspiration to totality that can inform liberatory struggle. The metaphor of such collectivist aspiration in art must, however, be supplemented with organized revolutionary activity based on the cognitive mapping that literary forms can help open readers to but not guarantee.
Trifling with Catastrophe in King Lear
Authors: Hollis Gavin
Published: March 2024

Abstract: King Lear 's characters call upon spherical objects both big and small to make sense of and give order to their world. Yet the play insists repeatedly that this reflex is limited, and even catastrophic. King Lear dramatizes the vanishing of all forms of protective shells, delivering us in act IV, scene vi to a Dover Cliff that is neither Dover nor Cliff. But at Dover Cliff, King Lear posits a different relationship to the spheres. Thinking through Peter Sloterdijk's "Spherology," Isabelle Stengers's "Cosmopolitical Proposal," and Edgar's stage trick or "trif[ling]," we might see King Lear situating an alternative way of living in catastrophic times—not imposed from above but felt from below, where one might bear "free and patient thoughts" if only for a trifling amount of time.
A quantitative genetic model of background selection in humans
Authors: Buffalo Vince , Kern Andrew D.
Published: March 2024

Across the human genome, there are large-scale fluctuations in genetic diversity caused by the indirect effects of selection. This “linked selection signal” reflects the impact of selection according to the physical placement of functional regions and recombination rates along chromosomes. Previous work has shown that purifying selection acting against the steady influx of new deleterious mutations at functional portions of the genome shapes patterns of genomic variation. To date, statistical efforts to estimate purifying selection parameters from linked selection models have relied on classic Background Selection theory, which is only applicable when new mutations are so deleterious that they cannot fix in the population. Here, we develop a statistical method based on a quantitative genetics view of linked selection, that models how polygenic additive fitness variance distributed along the genome increases the rate of stochastic allele frequency change. By jointly predicting the equilibrium fitness variance and substitution rate due to both strong and weakly deleterious mutations, we estimate the distribution of fitness effects (DFE) and mutation rate across three geographically distinct human samples. While our model can accommodate weaker selection, we find evidence of strong selection operating similarly across all human samples. Although our quantitative genetic model of linked selection fits better than previous models, substitution rates of the most constrained sites disagree with observed divergence levels. We find that a model incorporating selective interference better predicts observed divergence in conserved regions, but overall our results suggest uncertainty remains about the processes generating fitness variation in humans.
Childhood experiences and sleep problems: A cross-sectional study on the indirect relationship mediated by stress, resilience and anxiety
Authors: Ashour Rola , Halstead Elizabeth J. , Mangar Stephen , Lin Vanessa Khoo Qi , Azhari Atiqah , Carollo Alessandro , Esposito Gianluca , Threadgold Laura , Dimitriou Dagmara
Published: March 2024

Background

Childhood experiences either adverse (ACE) or benevolent (BCE) can indirectly impact sleep quality in adult life, which in turn are modulated by the interplay of a variety of factors such as depression, anxiety, resilience and mental health problems.

Methods

A cross-sectional observational study was conducted across the UK and the Middle Eastern countries during the COVID-pandemic on 405 participants. An online survey used a combination of questionnaires to assess ACE and BCEs. The following tools were then used to assess the contribution of resilience, stress, depression and anxiety respectively: Brief Resilience Scale (BRS), Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10), Patient Health Questionnaire-2 (PHQ-2) and General Anxiety Disorder-2 (GAD-2) scale on childhood experiences. The extent of sleep disturbances experienced over a period of seven days was assessed using the PROMIS Sleep Disturbance Short-Form Tool. A serial-parallel mediation model was used to evaluate the impact of the mediators on childhood experiences and sleep quality.

Results

Over 50% of the cohort were from Middle Eastern countries. Four or more BCEs were experienced by 94.3% of the cohort. In contrast, 67.9% of participants experienced at least one ACE before the age of 18 years, with moderate levels of stress, mild depression and anxiety were reported in 3.7%, 13% and 20% of participants respectively. Whilst 25.4% of participants reported having had four or more ACEs, with higher reports in the middle easter countries (32%). ACEs were found to correlate with sleep disturbance whilst BCEs showed an inverse correlation. The relationship between ACE and sleep disturbances was shown to be mediated by stress, and anxiety, but not by resilience or depression. Resilience and stress, and resilience and anxiety serially mediated the interaction between ACE and sleep disturbance. With regards to BCE, an inverse association with sleep disturbance was recorded with similar mediators of stress and anxiety observed.

Conclusion

This study confirms the negative effects of ACEs, and the positive effects of BCEs on sleep in adulthood which are both mediated predominantly by psychological resilience, anxiety and stress. Strategies aimed at improving psychological resilience as well as addressing stress and anxiety may help improve sleep quality.
The association between zinc and prostate cancer development: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Shahrokhi Nejad Shahrzad , Golzari Zahra , Zangiabadian Moein , Salehi Amniyeh Khozani Amir Abbas , Ebrahimi Rasoul , Nejadghaderi Seyed Aria , Aletaha Azadeh
Published: March 2024

Background

Prostate cancer is affecting males globally, with several complications. Zinc can play roles in cancers. We aimed to clarify the association between zinc levels or intake with prostate cancer development.

Methods

We searched PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), and Web of Science until May 1, 2023. We included case-controls and cross-sectionals that measured zinc level and/or intake in patients with prostate cancer or cohorts that evaluated the association between zinc and prostate cancer development. Studies that did not have a healthy control group were excluded. Joanna Briggs Institute was used for quality assessment. Publication bias was evaluated using Egger’s and Begg’s tests and funnel plot.

Results

Overall, 52 studies (n = 44 case controls, n = 4 cohorts, and n = 4 cross sectionals) with a total number of 163909 participants were included. Serum (standardized mean difference (SMD): -1.11; 95% confidence interval (CI): -1.67, -0.56), hair (SMD: -1.31; 95% CI: -2.19, -0.44), and prostatic fluid or tissue zinc levels (SMD: -3.70; 95% CI: -4.90, -2.49) were significantly lower in prostate cancer patients. There were no significant differences in nail zinc level and zinc intake between those with prostate cancer and healthy controls. There was no publication bias except for serum and hair zinc levels based on Begg’s and Egger’s tests, respectively. The mean risk of bias scores were 4.61 in case-controls, eight in cohorts, and seven in cross-sectionals.

Conclusions

Overall, high zinc levels might have a protective role in prostate cancer, which can be used as a therapeutic or preventive intervention. Future large-scale studies are needed to confirm the association.
Incentive mechanism of multiple green innovation behaviors of equipment manufacturing enterprises: A managers, green coordination groups and employees perspective
Authors: Li Baohong , Yin Shi , Zhang Baosheng
Published: March 2024

Employees play a pivotal role in the implementing of green development strategies and the attainment of dual-carbon objectives within manufacturing enterprises. Effective motivation of employees, fostering consensus on environmental protection, increased engagement in environmental initiatives, and the cultivation of employee cohesion are all vital for fostering green development within these enterprises. This paper seeks to elucidate the roles of general managers, green coordination groups (GCG), and employees in actualizing green behaviors. Furthermore, it advocates for a double incentive model to be employed in the implementing of green strategies within manufacturing enterprises. The research reveals that multiple factors, including incentive intensity, green capability, effort cost, risk aversion, and green variance, significantly influence the formulation of incentive contracts for green behaviors. The motivation level of the general manager directly impacts the efforts of the GCG, the organization’s green climate, the manager’s individual efforts, and indirectly influences the motivation and efforts of employees towards green behaviors. Notably, the influence of the organization’s green climate on employees surpasses than on the manager, underscoring the imperative for collaboration efforts between the general manager and GCG to instill green behaviors among employees. Hence, it is imperative for the general manager and GCG to collaborate not only on critical aspects of green strategy implementation but also in fostering green behaviors among employees. This collaboration will facilitate the development of a multi-layer incentive mechanism aimed at promoting and facilitating the adoption of green behaviors among employees, thus contributing to the advancement of theory regarding employees’ green behaviors and offering practical guidance for effectively realizing dual-carbon targets and achieving high-quality development within enterprises.
Engajamento do consumidor com destinos turísticos: adaptação e validação de uma escala
Authors: Frio Ricardo Saraiva , Pereira Lucimari Acosta , Limberger Pablo Flores , Bernd Maite Choti
Published: March 2024

A relação dos consumidores com as marcas passa por novas perspectivas, a partir do maior uso de mídias sociais. A relação entre clientes e empresas, com base na lógica de serviço dominante, torna-se recíproca, interativa e colaborativa. O engajamento do consumidor representa essa relação do consumidor com marcas. Identifica-se, na literatura, vários modelos para mensuração de engajamento do consumidor, todavia, esses modelos não consideram o papel do engajamento negativo. Com isso, o objetivo do presente estudo é contribuir com a validade externa de uma escala de engajamento do consumidor, adaptando-a ao contexto de destinos turísticos. O modelo de mensuração é composto por quatro constructos de primeira ordem (engajamento de conteúdo, cocriação de valor, advocacia e engajamento negativo). Após a realização da tradução reversa e validade de conteúdo, os dados foram aplicados a uma amostra final de 239 turistas que deveriam responder o seu engajamento com o último destino que visitaram pela primeira vez. Após a verificação das cargas fatoriais, confiabilidade dos dados e relação com outros constructos, identificou-se a validade de constructo (validade discriminante, convergente e validade nomológica). Os resultados indicam a necessidade de adequação do modelo para verificação do engajamento com destinos turísticos e representa o primeiro estudo que adapta e replica a escala proposta. Além dessas contribuições acadêmicas, o estudo apresenta um modelo para gestores verificarem o engajamento dos turistas com destinos. A principal limitação de pesquisa decorre da aplicação da escala, sem comparação com outros modelos, sugerindo-se que novos estudos ampliem o debate sobre dimensionalidade do constructo, a partir da comparação de modelos distintos.
Engajamento de consumidores com programas de fidelidade de companhias aéreas no Brasil: percepções em relação às milhas, importância e dificuldades na gestão das milhas
Authors: Gavinho Carolina de Paula Nunes , Mayer Verônica Feder ,  Santos Glauber Eduardo de Oliveira
Published: March 2024

Os programas de milhagem, também chamados de programas de passageiros frequentes ou programas de fidelidade de companhias aéreas, foram concebidos com o objetivo de atrair e manter os clientes do setor de transporte aéreo através de um sistema de recompensas baseado em milhas ou pontos. Nas últimas décadas, esses programas expandiram-se e tornaram-se um mercado vasto, complexo e lucrativo. Apenas no Brasil, há mais de 185 milhões de clientes participando de programas de fidelidade de companhias aéreas. Buscando ampliar o conhecimento disponível sobre o comportamento dos clientes de programas de milhagem, foi realizada uma pesquisa junto a 414 consumidores desse mercado no Brasil. Uma combinação de abordagens metodológicas foi usada no estudo. Primeiramente, com o método qualitativo de associação livre foram examinadas percepções e significados atribuídos pelos consumidores às milhas aéreas. Os resultados indicam que pessoas percebem milhas majoritariamente como prêmios e, em menor grau, como um tipo de moeda. Na etapa quantitativa, buscou-se explicar determinantes do engajamento comportamental de consumidores com as milhas aéreas. O modelo de equações estruturais suportou o modelo de hipóteses proposto, indicando que o engajamento de consumidores é determinado pela importância atribuída às milhas e pelas dificuldades inerentes à gestão desse ativo.
Genre Features of G.D. Grebenshchikov Journalism (based on Minutes of Silence correspondence)
Authors: Lebedeva Evgenia , Chernyshova Tatiana
Published: March 2024

The article is devoted to the identification of genre-forming features of G.D. Grebenshchikov's journalistic creativity on the material of his work Minutes of Silence. The genre analysis of the text based on the description of its themes, composition and style allows one to assume that the genre nature of the writer’s journalistic work can be defined as multi-genre, with a clear inclination to the genres of fiction. Thus, the themes identified in the process of analysis (war, parting and loneliness) are relevant to the historical period of the creation of the work and, in general, to the journalism of the early twentieth century, but the theme of love (devotion, fidelity) as one of the key themes of Russian literature, is traditionally revealed through the genres of the story, novella, novel. In terms of composition, G.D. Grebenshchikov's text is closest to the genres of portrait sketch and reportage, but the author present in the text is interested not so much in the external background of the event, as in the dynamics of internal states and experience of the characters. In non-fiction works of the writer there is a peculiar author's style, which allows one to actualize the author's understanding of the observed event through a variety of stylistic means.
STUDY OF THE PROCESS OF EXTRACTION OF ISOSALIPURPOSIDE FROM THE FLOWERS OF HELICHRYSUM MARACANDICUM (HELICHRYSUM MARACANDICUM POPOV EX KIRP.)
Authors: Karieva Yokut Saidkarimovna , Sadikova Ranokhon Karimovna , Karimov Otabek Ulugbek Ugli , Nuridullaeva Kamola Negmatilloevna
Published: March 2024

The purpose of this research is to study the process of extraction of isosalipurposide, and on the basis of the data obtained, the development of an optimal technology for obtaining a dry extract from the flowers of Helichrysum maracandicum (Helichrysum maracandicum Popov ex Kirp.).

In the studies, the circulation extraction method, which is widely used in local pharmaceutical enterprises, was used. Based on the characteristics of the technology for obtaining a dry extract, a four-factor experimental plan based on a 5x5 Greek-Latin square was used to study the extraction process of the target BAS. Four quantitative factors were chosen as variables: the degree of grinding of the raw material (factor A), the concentration of ethyl alcohol (factor B), the hydromodulus (factor C) and the soaking time of the raw material (factor D). The output parameter was the percentage of the sum of flavonoids in terms of isosalipurposide in the resulting product.

The results of dispersion analysis showed that the most complete yield of isosalipurposide was observed with the following indicators of variable factors: raw material grinding – 5–7 mm, extractant – 50% ethyl alcohol, hydromodulus 1 : 5, raw material soaking time – 9 hours. The expediency of using a short-term (10 min) ultrasonic treatment, which allows to increase the yield of the target BAS by 1.12 times, has been proved. The developed technology for obtaining a dry extract has been tested in industrial conditions. The resulting extract of Helichrysum maracandicum flowers in terms of quality met the requirements of pharmacopoeial articles: "Extracts" (SP XIV, GPM.1.4.1.21), "Extracts" (European Pharmacopoeia, 9th edition).

Dry extract of Helichrysum maracandicum is recommended for use as a substance for the production of medicines and dietary supplements.
Binge eating disorder: epidemiological, clinical, pathophysiological, and treatment aspects
Authors: Starostina E. G. , Ananyan M. V.
Published: March 2024

Binge eating disorder (BED) is the most prevalent type of eating disorders encountered in endocrinological practice, with 5 to 66% of obesity patients seeking for losing weight, 10 to 25% of patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus, and above 70% of Type 2 patients with morbid obesity having BED. BED can seriously challenge the treatment for Type 2 diabetes and obesity, but remains underdiagnosed and undertreated in most cases. The review discussed diagnostic criteria of BED and their evolution during the last three decades, as well as neurochemical, genetic, and psychological components of its pathophysiology and potential role of BED as a new risk factor for Type 2 diabetes. We have also analyzed medical treatments available for an endocrinologist, including potential use of agonists of glucagone-like peptide 1 receptors.
Wonder
Authors: Álvarez Muñoz José Santiago , Pereira Domínguez Carmen
Published: March 2024

August Pullman, conocido como “Auggie”, es un niño de 10 años que ha nacido con una rara deformidad facial, por ello ha pasado por numerosas cirugías para poder respirar, ver, oler y mejorar su aspecto. Durante toda su infancia ha sido educado por su madre en el hogar. Sin embargo, sus padres han considerado que ha llegado el momento de inscribirlo en el centro educativo para iniciar el quinto curso de Educación Primaria. Son muchas las inseguridades y miedos surgidos no sólo desde sus progenitores y hermana, sino también desde el propio protagonista, quien acude los primeros días escolares vestido de astronauta para no mostrar su cara. No obstante, Auggie será centro de miradas de sus compañeros y objeto de continuas burlas y ataques. Posteriormente, gracias a la buena labor del equipo docente, a la sensibilidad y empatía del alumnado y al continuo cuidado familiar logran que Auggie supere sus inseguridades y se muestre a los demás tal cual es, un ser maravilloso que siente y vive la escuela como un entorno feliz.
Aplicação da simulação a eventos discretos no balanceamento de linha de montagem em uma empresa do setor automotivo
Authors: Maciel Lucio Flore , Silva Aneirson Francisco da , Rodríguez Elias Carlos Aguirre , Marins Fernando Augusto Silva
Published: March 2024

O objetivo geral da pesquisa foi desenvolver um modelo de simulação a eventos discretos para ser aplicado ao balanceamento de uma linha de montagem de componentes numa empresa do setor automotivo, buscando aumentar a produtividade da linha e utilizando menores quantidades de insumos. Na situação estudada há muitos elementos com comportamento estocástico, que podem influenciar na produtividade da linha, além da diversidade de insumos que abastecem a montagem, o que torna o balanceamento da linha uma tarefa complexa e favorece o uso da Simulação como procedimento de solução. Na modelagem conceitual do problema estudado adotou-se o método IDEF-SIM e para a simulação foi utilizado o software ProModel®. Como resultados tem-se um modelo conceitual e implementado para uma linha de montagem que possibilitou informações interessantes sobre o problema, tais como: juntar funções de dois postos de trabalhos, eliminar excesso de movimentação e eliminar gargalos.
Qualidade em serviços de previdência complementar
Authors: Fernandes Bruno , Panek Luciano
Published: March 2024

O modelo de lacunas proposto por Parasuraman, Zeithaml e Berry afirma que é possível medir a qualidade de um serviço por meio da diferença entre a expectativa e a percepção dos usuários considerando os seus cinco fatores latentes básicos. Nesse sentido esse trabalho busca avaliar, com o emprego da escala SERVQUAL, a qualidade dos serviços oferecidos por uma Entidade Fechada de Previdência Complementar (EFPC) do oeste do Paraná. Os dados foram coletados por meio de um levantamento (survey), seguindo o modelo da escala SERVQUAL de três colunas, contendo o nível mínimo esperado, o nível ideal desejado e a percepção da qualidade do serviço. O processamento dos dados foi realizado com auxílio do software JASP, empregando-se as análises fatoriais exploratória e confirmatória na avaliação da escala e análise exploratória na apuração da qualidade percebida dos serviços. Foi observado que a qualidade percebida da entidade estudada está na zona de tolerância e que seus participantes observam os fatores que compõem a escala SERVQUAL de forma agrupada, discriminando dos demais o fator Tangibilidade. Pode-se concluir que a SERVQUAL é um instrumento válido e adequado para medir qualidade de serviço nesse contexto.
The rule of law “on the ground”. The Polish courts’ perspective
Authors: Podolska Anna , Śniadach Olga , Warylewska-Kamuś Krystyna
Published: March 2024

The aim of this article is to demonstrate how often and in what ways the concept of the rule of law is utilised by the Polish courts. The authors examined the case law of the Constitutional Tribunal, the Supreme Court, but above all, of the common courts, published after 1997 (the year in which the Constitution of the Republic of Poland entered into force) with regard to how often judges invoke the concept of the rule of law and how they explain it. The main idea was to capture certain tendencies, in an attempt to take a wider view rather than analyse individual rulings. It is a look “from above” adapted to determine if and how often courts refer to the concept of the rule of law and what changed in this regard after 2015, when the systematic and consistent destruction of the judicial system began. Analysis of the judicial decisions of the common courts, whose actions are especially important for the individual, are the focal point. It is in these courts that majority of cases are settled, as they are the closest to the citizen. Of course, the common courts do not act in isolation and so the judicial activity of the Constitutional Tribunal and the Supreme Court was also examined. However, rulings of those entities are frequently subject to in-depth analysis, so the focus was placed only on examining regularities in their invoking the concept of the rule of law. Since the Constitutional Tribunal and – to a certain degree – the Supreme Court have been captured by the ruling political group, entailing that the authorities have destroyed judicial independence, it is worthwhile to concentrate on the common courts, as they could possibly be representing the last bastions of an independent justice system.