bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cuerpos de la era digital: Historias del Silicon Valley de Herminia Gil Guerrero
Authors: Alonso Gallo Laura P.
Published: December 2022

Las protagonistas de los relatos de H. Gil Guerrero (Historias de Silicon Valley, 2019) representan el arquetipo contemporáneo de individuo útil y dócil, asexuado y aparentemente liberado de la diferencia de género, que se explota a sí mismo infatigablemente al servicio de las grandes empresas de tecnología digital. Este artículo analiza las circunstancias que llevan a una generación joven a la depresión, el agotamiento y la alienación a causa de la transformación que ha desencadenado la era digital. El sistema de relaciones personales no funciona a través de una comunicación fluida y recíproca, sino a través de imágenes (redes sociales) y de intercambios breves de frases (chats). En tal contexto de aislamiento, estas jóvenes muestran una relación mínima y precaria con la comida, la cual genera tanto adicción a los fármacos como trastornos alimentarios compulsivos.
Didáctica de la traducción jurídica a partir de recursos en línea
Authors: Juste Nati , Molés-Cases Teresa
Published: December 2022

En esta contribución presentamos una experiencia docente basada en la traducción especializada (inglés-español), más concretamente en la traducción de géneros jurídicos. La novedad de esta propuesta consiste en el uso de recursos abiertos en línea en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje. Es decir, herramientas que, de manera autónoma y flexible, permitan al estudiante llevar a cabo tareas de pre-traducción tales como el análisis del género textual y su macroestructura, reflexiones sobre aspectos traductológicos y terminológicos, la búsqueda de textos paralelos o la consulta enciclopédica, entre otras. Dado que en general los estudiantes no son usuarios de este tipo de recursos y de entrada su uso les resulta complejo, nuestro objetivo es, por un lado, dar a conocer y utilizar de forma exploratoria una serie de herramientas en línea que contribuyan a la reflexión sobre el proceso traductor y al fomento de la competencia traductora. Por otro lado, pretendemos que resulte un instrumento útil para la didáctica de la traducción jurídica basada en el análisis de géneros y de sus convenciones, extrapolable a otras asignaturas y especialidades.
Análisis de errores lingüísticos en localización web para la exportación del juguete en España
Authors: Aguayo Arrabal Natividad , Ramírez Delgado Cristina de las Montañas
Published: December 2022

La presente investigación se centra en la evaluación de la calidad lingüística en la localización de un corpus ad hoc paralelo español-inglés compuesto por sitios web corporativos de pymes exportadoras de la AEFJ (Asociación Española de Fabricantes de Juguetes). Para ello, se realiza el análisis contrastivo de textos originales (ES) y sus traducciones en las versiones localizadas (EN), enfocado en la adaptación de la dimensión lingüística de la sección “Productos”. Desde un enfoque comunicativo, se establece un sistema de evaluación según los criterios de clasificación de errores propios de textos multimodales. La metodología propuesta es de tipo descriptivo con un enfoque mixto, orientado a combinar el rigor del registro cuantitativo con el análisis cualitativo para explicar la realidad compleja objeto de estudio. Tras el diagnóstico de debilidades y fortalezas, los resultados evidencian el potencial impacto de la incidencia de errores en la calidad y recepción de la localización y sus implicaciones para la exportación.
Introducción
Authors: Vargas-Sierra Chelo , Sánchez Fajardo José Antonio , González-Pastor Diana
Published: December 2022

Sin resumen
A Novel Approach to Analysis of Road Accidents Using the Trend Analysis and IPTA Method: A Case Study of Kosovo
Authors: Mazrekaj Ramadan , Đurin Bojan , Shala Ahmet , Lajqi Shpetim , Alamatian Ebrahim
Published: December 2022

Road accidents in Kosovo cause more than 100 deaths each year and about EUR 40 million in property damage. The paper presents an accident prediction model that relates accident frequency to various contributory factors and is developed using trend analysis and the Innovative Polygon Trend Analysis method. In addition, the study investigates road traffic accidents using a novel methodology to compare the different modes and other parameters. The presented research also discusses the road safety in Kosovo, which is a Republic with relatively low economic growth based on GDP per capita, a young population, an increase in the number of vehicles per capita, and an increase in the number of road accidents, but a decline in the number of deaths from road accidents in recent years.
Black Ice Prediction Model for Road Pavement Using Weather Forecast Data and GIS Database
Authors: Phan Tam Minh , Jang Min-Seok , Park Dae-Wook
Published: December 2022

Black ice is a thin coating of ice on the road surface, which strongly reduces friction at the tire-road surface, resulting in dangerous driving when it happens. An appropriate diagnostic of black ice could prevent traffic accidents as well as provide timely notice to drivers. Therefore, this study aims at developing a black ice prediction model to diagnose the probability of black ice formation. Several combinations that can form road ice have been considered, including freezing rain, hoar frost, freezing of wet roads. In addition, black ice risky index (BRI) has been computed to reflect the probability of black ice formation. To acquire a fast prediction and high accuracy, the existing Geographical Information System (GIS) database and meteorological data have been utilized. GIS database includes road geometry and location of automatic weather stations, while the meteoritical data consists of air temperature, wind speed, humidity, cloud cover. The model has been developed based on the Python programming language. A 5-km road condition was observed from 1 December to 31 December 2021 to determine the model accuracy. Based on the results from the prediction model, black ice formation has been verified when the BRI is higher than 0.8. The model may be useful to develop black ice diagnostic program.
Numerical Study of Road Embankment Type Action on Shear Stress Around Skewed Bridge Abutment
Authors: Asadi Mahdi , Kilanehei Fouad , Mahjoob Amir
Published: December 2022

This paper investigates the effect of different geometries of approach embankments and guides banks on the flow pattern and bed shear stress values in the skewed bridges in the compound channel using three-dimensional numerical modelling. First, the numerical model was evaluated based on the results of existing laboratory studies. After ensuring its proper performance, the elliptical guide bank and the three types of abutments: vertical-wall, spill-through, and wing-wall, at different skew angles are examined. Investigation of the values of maximum velocity and bed shear stress at the flow-conducting embankment and the flow-splitting embankment showed that in the flow-conducting embankment, the best performance is assigned to the elliptical guide bank. In contrast, the performance of various abutments is different for the flow-splitting embankment depending on the skew angle of the bridge. Then, different patterns based on streamlines for the geometry plan of the guide bank were proposed and studied. The results show that the most suitable pattern for the guide bank reduces the maximum flow velocity by up to 15% and reduces the maximum bed shear stress by up to 80% around the flow-splitting embankments.
Política externa como ação afirmativa: projeto e ação do governo Lula na África (2003-2006)
Authors: Gala Irene Vida
Published: December 2022

Ano de 2005. Temia-se que a recém-(re) inaugurada política do Brasil para a África não resistiria a uma mudança de governo. Lula completou dois mandatos e seu nome ficou associado a uma inédita prioridade conferida ao continente africano. Tratava-se, em sua origem, de uma “volta à África”. Passados cerca de quinze anos, a África vive um “boom” diplomático com a abertura de 320 novas embaixadas em seu território entre 2010 e 2016. No plano bilateral, segundo o FMI, o Brasil perdeu, de 2006 a 2018, sete posições no comércio com a África Subsaariana, enquanto Turquia e Indonésia ganharam, respectivamente, 7 e 8 posições. Mingua a política africana do Brasil assim como perdem momentum as políticas públicas de promoção da igualdade racial e sofrem evidentes ataques as pautas identitárias da população brasileira afrodescendente. Neste livro, pela primeira vez na literatura sobre a PEB, a autora aponta a vinculação entre as relações Brasil – África e a promoção da igualdade racial no Brasil, propondo a acadêmicos, a militantes do Movimento Negro e a lideranças políticas comprometidas com a luta contra o racismo no Brasil um debate informado em benefício de avanços conceituais no estudo, na formulação e execução da Política Externa do Brasil para a África.
Un ecosistema llamado universidad
Authors: Salgado-Guerrero Juan Pablo
Published: December 2022

Este libro está dedicado a la universidad como protagonista de cambios. El texto lleva a comprender la universidad como ámbito de la relación indivisible de organización-sistema, en donde el todo es más que la suma de las partes, y el producto es el conocimiento como fin, medio y fundamento para el desarrollo de la persona (sentido crítico) y la respuesta al entorno (razón instrumental). A lo largo del texto se va construyendo la imagen de la universidad-ecosistema productora de novedad, donde la única certeza es la incertidumbre y que, además está en permanente crecimiento espiral, que transforma su entorno apuntado a la construcción de la ciudadanía responsable y la persona libre; la espiral del conocimiento sin control de casualidad. Un ecosistema, como el de la universidad propuesta, se encuentra en permanente construcción y deconstrucción, es el comenzar que es crear permanentemente con el presente y el pasado que está ya asumido en el presente. Redescubrir la frescura natural de un ecosistema inmerso en la universidad, y la vivencia pura de comunidad, nos llevará de la mano a quienes presumimos de catedráticos, al origen más puro del conocimiento humano que tienen saber de vida, a la pureza refrescante de lo inédito y el valor auténtico de lo ingenuo, para que en ese instante seamos nosotros, comunidad en la que se autoorganiza y construye proyectos de vida, cultura y destino.
Thermal Analysis of a Uniaxial Carbon Fabric Reinforced Silicone Resin
Authors: Atli Ismail , Evcin Atilla
Published: December 2022

This study, which focuses on carbon fibre (CF) reinforced silicone matrix composites (CFRS-C), an alternative to conventional polymer matrix composites, aims to understand their thermal properties better. Silicone elastomer’s high elastic deformation capability is the primary factor in the choice of silicone matrix. The aforementioned materials are particularly appealing in the design of deployable systems used in the aircraft sector due to their folding capability. Better adhesion of silicone elastomer and plain weave carbon fibre fabric was succeeded by modifying the surface of the fabrics inside 20 wt.% nitric acid solution. Thermal Gravimetry (TG) and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) were used to examine the materials’ thermal properties in this study’s scope. Thermal tests showed that composite materials exhibited thermal resistance up to 368◦C. The silicone components utilized in the study can form carbon fibre-reinforced composites that exhibit thermal stability up to the specified temperature. The use of carbon fibre enhanced the thermal stability of silicone elastomers. Additionally, a change in the number of layers impacts the composite’s thermal stability.
Investigating the Relationship between the Day of Embryo Freezing and Pregnancy Rates
Authors: Petrova Nadya , Hristova Elena , Hristova Marina , Todorov Plamen
Published: December 2022

In the last decades, infertility incidence is continuously increasing, reachingto about 10–15% of the couples of reproductive age. As more patients turnto assisted reproductive technologies, there is an ongoing search for the development of new techniques and improvement of the existing ones in the field. Frozen embryo transfer is one of the approaches that are widely used in recent years, because of the advance in the cryopreservation procedures. Still, there is an ongoing debate whether the embryos should be frozen on day 3, 4 or 5, before culture and transfer. The present study is a retrospective analysis of the clinical pregnancy rates in the period of 2018–2021, in “In vitro OB Medical Centre Dimitrov”, depending on which stage the embryo is cryopreserved. Our results point out that there are significantly higher pregnancy rates of day 3 and day 4 frozen embryos, compared to day 5.
Innovative Thoughts on Our Country's Agricultural Education Reform under the Background of Globalization
Authors: Renye Wu
Published: December 2022

Innovative thoughts on our country's agricultural education reform under the background of globalization is studied in the paper. The management system of higher agricultural education must be compatible with the establishment of the socialist market economic system and political, technological, and cultural reforms, and must match the talents needed for local economic and social development. However, in process of realizing agricultural modernization, various countries also show some common characteristics, and must follow some general laws. Therefore, this paper gives the novel suggestions regarding the education.
Exploration and Research on Innovative Strategies of Photojournalism Considering Rich Media Perspectives
Authors: Zhou Kaifa
Published: December 2022

Exploration and research on innovative strategies of photojournalism considering rich media perspectives is studied. The general advantages of professional photojournalists are strong political awareness and overall concept, strong news sensitivity, diverse expression techniques, and the courage to pioneer and innovate. Therefore, we consider the novel perspectives of the different sources to construct the efficient photojournalism considering rich media perspectives.
Work from Home: Scenarios Exhausting or Draining during On-Line Teaching
Authors: Haritha Y. D. , Kumari Chaitanya , Bilquis .
Published: December 2022

Work from home describes work being done remotely, instead of at an office. The acronym “WFH” is used as a nickname for the concept. Many organizations/institutions transitioned their employees from the office to a work from home model during the Corona virus global pandemic. The present study was undertaken to study the “Work from Home: Scenarios exhausting during on-line teaching. Purposive random sampling technique was used to collect sample for this study. A sample comprised of 30 public and 30 private teachers were selected. Location of the study: Madakasira (Anantapuram dist., A.P.) Public teachers scored 90 percent on adjusting to new pedagogical practices whereas private teachers scored 97 percent in this area. Public teachers scored 90 percent on adjusting to new pedagogical practices whereas private teachers scored 97 percent in this area.
Positive Youth Development: Levels of Positivity in Youth Development
Authors: Haritha Y. D. , Bilquis .
Published: December 2022

Positive youth development is a combination of Positive Episodes + Positive Associations + Positive circumstances. Youth development expert Richard Lerner theorizes that young people will thrive if they develop certain behaviours, dubbed the “five Cs,” over the course of childhood and early adolescence: competence, connection, character, confidence, and caring/compassion. According to Lerner, a youth with the five thriving behaviours is on the path to attaining a sixth C: contribution – to self, family, community, and civil society. It is the sixth C that leads to positive adulthood. “Committed— behaviourally, morally, and spiritually—to a better world beyond themselves,” he writes, “they will act to sustain for future generations a society marked by social justice, equity, and democracy and a world wherein all young people may thrive.” Richards Five C’s model Competence: enhancing participants social, academic, cognitive, and vocational competencies, Connection :building and strengthening adolescents’ relationships with other people and institutions, such as school, Confidence: Improving adolescents’ self-esteem, self-concept, self-efficacy, identity and belief in the future, Character: increasing self-control, decreasing engagement in health-compromising (problem) behaviours, developing respect for cultural or societal rules and standards, a sense of right and wrong (mortality) and spirituality, Compassion/Caring: improving youths’ empathy and identification with others. Females reported highest score in caring (89%), connection (92%), character (85%). whereas males reported highest score in competence (78%), contribution (96%), confidence (88%).
Electrical Characterization of Chemically Grown CdS and CdTe Thin Films for Solar Cell Application
Authors: Tsoho Mani , Ahmed A. B. , Musa A. O. , Said Mansur
Published: December 2022

Thin films of Cadmium Sulphide (CdS) and Cadmium Telluride (CdTe) have gained a great deal of interest due to their potential applications in solar cells. Deposition of CdS and CdTe thin films were performed on Soda Lime glass and FTO substrate at 400℃ and 300℃ respectively using spray pyrolysis technique. The Hall Effect property was measured for the deposited CdS and CdTe films. These results shows the resistivity and mobility of CdS films deposited at 400℃ were 1.588×104 Ωcm and 5.619×102 cm2/Vs, respectively, The annealed CdTe thin film had a resistivity value of 1.016×104 Ωcm, while the annealed and etched CdTe thin film had a resistivity value of 4.52×104 Ωcm, The resultant films are observed to be good to make a solar cell with CdS as a window layer and CdTe as absorber layer.
Lipid Peroxidation Status in Embryo Culture Media: The Impact on Fertilization and Embryo Quality during IVF Cycles
Authors: Jamil Malak , Debbarh Hasnae , Kabit Amal , Ennaji Mohamed , Zarqaoui Mohamed , Senhaji Wassym , Louanjli Nourredine , Cadi Rachida
Published: December 2022

Background: The process of preimplantation embryo development in vitro represents a key phase during in vitro fertilization (IVF) cycles. It involves several regulatory signaling pathways as well as an optimized in vitro culture system. The resulting embryo quality helps to determine embryo competence before implantation and pregnancy outcomes. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are known to play a major role in influencing the process of embryo development. Their role can be reflected in the regulation of signaling pathways as second messengers or in the irreversible cell alterations due to oxidative stress following an excess of ROS levels.

Methods: In this study, we investigated the association between morphological embryo quality (fertilization, cleavage quality, and fragmentation levels) and lipid peroxidation levels (Malondialdehyde) in embryo culture media. After intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI), a total of 103 oocytes were evaluated on day 1 and day 3 of their development, and their corresponding culture media were analyzed by estimating MDA levels using thiobarbituric acid.

Results: The results showed no significant association between MDA levels in culture media and fertilization rate (p=0.3), sperm quality (p=0.99; p= 0.17; p=0.46; p=0.30; p=0.65; p=0.44; p=0.09; p=0.15; p=0.56), embryo fragmentation levels (p=0.79; p=0.40), AMH levels (p=0.31; p=0.36) and female age (p=0.60; p=0.34). However, we revealed a significant association between cleavage quality and MDA levels in the embryo environment (p=0.03).

Conclusion: We conclude that oxidative stress in IVF culture media might be mainly associated with delayed embryonic development.
Effect of Mulberry Irrigated with Treated Sewage Water on Silkworms and Cocoon Production
Authors: Kumar M. Arun , Chandrashekhar S. , Seenappa C. , Ramya V. S.
Published: December 2022

Aim: The experiment was aimed at evaluating the effect of mulberry irrigated with treated sewage water on silkworms and cocoon production.

Study Design: The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with six treatments and four replications.

Place and Duration of Study:  The study was conducted during Rabi 2019 in pre-established irrigated V-1 mulberry garden at Department of Sericulture, University of Agricultural Sciences, Gandhi Krishi Vigyana Kendra, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India.

Methodology: A field experiment was conducted in a V1 mulberry garden established under paired row system to study the influence of raw and treated sewage water irrigation on growth of mulberry and subsequent effect on silkworm (PM × CSR2) growth and cocoon parameters. The raw and treated sewage water was collected from GKVK sewage treatment plant and irrigated to mulberry garden. Silkworms fed with mulberry leaves raised on recommended dose of NPK kg/ha/year + FYM along with raw and treated sewage water irrigation showed positive influence on late age silkworms.

Results: Observations recorded on silkworm growth and cocoon parameters revealed that significant higher fifth instar larval weight (32.02 g/10 larvae), ERR (99.0 %), single cocoon weight (1.706 g), pupal weight (1.385 g), shell weight (0.321 g), shell ratio (18.65%) and shorter fifth instar larval duration (181.91 hrs). Similarly, reeling parameters of cocoons showed significantly longer filament length (853.00 m) and higher filament weight (0.28 g) in silkworms fed with mulberry leaves from the plots irrigated with raw sewage water.
Antifungal Activity of Curcuma longa and Azadirachta indica Extracts on Dematiaceous Fungi Isolated from Environmental Samples at Uli Community, Anambra State Nigeria
Authors: Ogbonna Onyekachi Joy , Umedum Chinelo Ursula
Published: December 2022

Aim: This research is aimed at evaluating the antifungal activity of Curcuma longa, and Azadirachta indica extracts on dematiaceous fungi isolated from environmental samples at Uli community, Anambra State, Nigeria.

Methods:  Soil, rotten wood, and water samples were randomly collected from three communities at Uli, Ihiala LGA. Also, leaf of neem and rhizoids of turmeric were purchased from an agro-based farm. The samples were analyzed for the presence of dematiaceous fungi using pour plating technique. The isolates were identified based on their morphology and slide culture technique. The plant samples were dried at room temperature, and extraction was done using a Soxhlet extractor and ethanol. The phytochemical composition of the extracts was evaluated qualitatively and quantitatively using spectrophotometer. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) were determined using a broth medium and sabourod dextrose agar.

Results: A total number of 10 dematiaceous fungi were isolated from the three communities. The phytochemical analysis of the plants extracts revealed the presence of flavonoids, tannins, cardiac glycosides, saponins, alkaloids, and steroids. The MIC and MFC of the turmeric extract were recorded as 0.50 mg/mL and 12.5 mg/mL, respectively.

Conclusion: The study has shown that Curcuma longa ethanolic extract is more potent in tackling subcutaneous mycoses.
Towards Migrating from Monolithic-Based Web Application to Micro Service: A Case Study of ezScrum Product Backlog
Authors: Kurniawan Dedy
Published: December 2022

The software ezScrum is a legacy web application that has been developed and maintained for more than ten years. With web technology constantly evolving, the ezScrum development team has found it increasingly difficult to keep up and many older technologies are still used. A consequence is the slowdown of release. Examining the issues, we have found the main cause to be the coupling of ezScrum modules since ezScrum is a monolith. Thus, effort has been taken to convert ezScrum into a set of microservices so that coupling is reduced. This thesis reports our work on extracting the product backlog from ezScrum. As demonstrated, the extracted product backlog microservice operates as an independent web application that collaborates with other extracted microservices from ezScrum including account management.
Response of Lowland Rice as Affected by Seedling Age and Time of Weed Control in Sudan Savana of Nigeria
Authors: Abdulkadir S. U. , Mohamed A. M. L. , Auwalu B. M. , Waiya A. M. , Mahmoud B. A. , Aliyu A. M.
Published: December 2022

An experiment was conducted at the Research and Training Farm of Federal College of Horticulture Gombe State (10020’N and 10030’E) during the 2021 rainy season in the Sudan Savanah agro-ecological zone of Nigeria. The aim of the research is to evaluate the effect of seedling age and time of application of post-emergence herbicide on the growth and yield of lowland rice (Faro 44). The experiment consisted of two factors, namely:- seedling age ( 3, 4, and 5-week-old seedlings)  and time of weed control by post-emergence herbicide at  2, 3, and 4 weeks after transplanting. Farmer's practice hoes weeding, 7 weeks after transplanting as check and controls i.e. no weeding). These treatments were factorial combined (3 x 5) to give 15 treatment combinations of treatment and replicated thrice. The seedling was allocated to the main plot while weed control was to the sub-plot. Data gathered on weed, growth, yield, and yield attributes were subjected to analysis of variance, and mean differences were separated using Student Newman keuls (SNK ) at p< 0.05. The result revealed significant differences due to seedling age and time of weeding in most characters measured. Generally, the 3-week-old seedling (3WOS) performed better but at par with 4WOS, while earlier application of herbicides at 2 weeks after transplanting (WAT) gave excellent weed control. The highest yield of paddy rice 8849.4 and 9517.2 kg/ha, was obtained from 2WOS and herbicide application at 2WAT. It can be concluded that 3-4WOS seedlings of Faro 44 variety of rice and early application of herbicide at 2wat can be suggested to the rice farmers in the study area.
Financial Markets’ Reaction to COVID-19 Pandemic: Panel Data Analysis for SAARC Countries
Authors: Hossin Md. Shakhaowat
Published: December 2022

This article looks at the financial markets’ reaction to COVID-19 pandemic by using Panel Data Analysis method for SAARC countries over the period January 27, 2020 to June 30, 2020. By employing the Hausman test and random effect model this study finds that stock market has negative reaction to the daily growth in number of COVID-19 confirmed case and deaths. And this reaction is very strong for COVID-19 confirmed case compared to the growth in death. Again, the daily growth in number of recovered corona patient, and the recovery rate have positive association with stock market but weakly. Correlation matrix among variables finds that the daily growth in COVID-19 confirmed cases in SAARC country has strong negative correlation with stock market returns. Overall, this investigation implies that stock markets’ reaction depends on severity of the outbreak and stages of COVID-19 spread.
A study on architectural activities and works of Hiromichi Matsui
Authors: Masudome Makiko , Park Kwanghyun , Shibata Akihiro , Ajisaka Toru
Published: December 2022

This paper outlines the career and architectural activities of Hiromichi Matsui and clarifies the characteristics of his architectural works. We classified his career into three distinct periods: Tokyo, Milan, and Kagoshima periods. In Tokyo, he was in charge of interior design at Isamu Kenmochi Design Associates. Matsui cultivated the philosophy proposed by Kenmochi that emphasizes the sense of scale based on full‐scale drawing. In Milan, he worked as a partner architect at Gregotti Associati and introduced Italian architectural culture to Japan. In Kagoshima, he was involved in educational and social activities, which included a role as a professor at Kagoshima University, etc. He designed three architectural works that, while reminiscent of his works at Gregotti Associati, also considered the regional features of Kagoshima .
Two‐Dimensional Mg2Si Nanosheet‐Enabled Sustained Hydrogen Generation for Improved Repair and Regeneration of Deeply Burned Skin
Authors: Zhu Yanxia , Jiang Qi , Jin Zhaokui , Chen Danyang , Xu Qingqing , Chen Jinchun , Zeng Yue , Chen Shengqiang , He Qianjun
Published: December 2022

Molecular hydrogen holds a high potential for wound healing owing to its anti‐inflammatory effect and high biosafety, but commonly used hydrogen administration routes hardly achieve the sustained supply of high‐dosage hydrogen, limiting hydrogen therapy efficacy. Here, two‐dimensional Mg2Si nanosheet (MSN) is exploited as a super‐persistent hydrogen‐releasing nanomaterial with high biocompatibility, and the incorporation of MSN into the chitosan/hyaluronic acid hydrogel (MSN@CS/HA) is developed as a dressing to repair deeply burned skin. The MSN@CS/HA hydrogel dressing can continuously generate hydrogen molecules for about 1 week in the physiological conditions in support of local, long‐term, and plentiful hydrogen supply and remarkably promotes the healing and regeneration of deep second‐degree and third‐degree burn wounds without visible scar and toxic side effect. Mechanistically, a sustained supply of hydrogen molecules induces anti‐inflammatory M2 macrophage polarization in time by enhancing CCL2 (chemokine C‐C motif ligand 2) expression to promote angiogenesis and reduce fibrosis and also enhances the proliferation and migration capability of skin cells directly and indirectly by locally scavenging overexpressed reactive oxygen species, synergistically favoring wound repair. The proposed synthesis method, therapeutic strategy, and mechanisms will open a window for synthesizing a variety of MSene nanomaterials and developing their various proangiogenesis applications besides wound healing.
A unique coincidence of a 17q12 deletion and duplication in a Czech family led to a refined genotype–phenotype correlation
Authors: Zunova Hana , Stolfa Miroslav , Kunikova Tereza , Novotna Drahuse , Valkovicova Radka , Štěrbová Katalin , Vlckova Marketa
Published: December 2022

Chromosomal band 17q12 is a gene‐rich region flanked by segmental duplications, making the region prone to deletions and duplications via the non‐allelic homologous recombination mechanism. While deletions cause a well‐described disorder with a specific phenotype called renal cysts and diabetes mellitus, the phenotype caused by reciprocal duplications is less specific, primarily because of variable expressivity, and incomplete penetrance. We present an unusual family with four children carrying the 17q12 microduplication inherited from their clinically healthy mother, who was a carrier of both the duplication and, interestingly, also of an atypical deletion of the 17q12 region. The duplication was inherited from her diabetic father and the deletion from her diabetic mother who also suffered from a renal disorder. Clinical manifestations in the family were variable, but all children showed some degree of a neurodevelopmental disorder, such as epilepsy, intellectual disability, delayed speech development, or attention deficit disorder. The simultaneous occurrence of a deletion and duplication in the same chromosomal region in one family is very rare, and to our knowledge, individuals carrying both a deletion and a duplication of this region have never been described.
Copper‐Catalyzed Cross‐Coupling Reaction of α‐Halo‐N‐Tosylhydrazones with H‐Phosphoryl Compounds to Afford Alkenylphosphoryl Compounds
Authors: Shen Ruwei , Yin Kaixin , Fan Yishuai
Published: December 2022

The copper‐catalyzed reaction of α‐halo‐N‐tosylhydrazones with H‐phosphoryl compounds is reported to afford alkenylphosphoryl compounds in modest to good yields. The reaction may take place via a copper‐promoted Bamford‐Stevens‐type reaction of an α‐phosphorylated diazo intermediate. The diazo intermediate is trapped by an excess H‐phosphoryl compound to give α, N‐bisphosphoryl hydrazone in the absence of a copper catalyst.
Histological and magnetic resonance imaging assessment of Liqoseal in a spinal in vivo pig model
Authors: Slot Emma M. H. , Bergmann Wilhelmina , Kinaci Ahmet , de Boer Bart , Moayeri Nizar , Redegeld Saskia , van Thoor Sander , van Doormaal Tristan P. C.
Published: December 2022

Background

Liqoseal (Polyganics, B.V.) is a dural sealant patch for preventing postoperative cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leakage. It has been extensively tested preclinically and CE (Conformité Européenne) approved for human use after a first cranial in‐human study. However, the safety of Liqoseal for spinal application is still unknown. The aim of this study was to assess the safety of spinal Liqoseal application compared with cranial application using histology and magnetic resonance imaging characteristics.

Methods

Eight female Dutch Landrace pigs underwent laminectomy, durotomy with standard suturing and Liqoseal application. Three control animals underwent the same procedure without sealant application. The histological characteristics and imaging characteristics of animals with similar survival times were compared to data from a previous cranial porcine model.

Results

Similar foreign body reactions were observed in spinal and cranial dura. The foreign body reaction consisted of neutrophils and reactive fibroblasts in the first 3 days, changing to a chronic granulomatous inflammatory reaction with an increasing number of macrophages and lymphocytes and the formation of a fibroblast layer on the dura by day 7. Mean Liqoseal plus dura thickness reached a maximum of 1.2 mm (range 0.7–2.0 mm) at day 7.

Conclusion

The spinal dural histological reaction to Liqoseal during the first 7 days was similar to the cranial dural reaction. Liqoseal did not swell significantly in both application areas over time. Given the current lack of a safe and effective dural sealant for spinal application, we propose that an in‐human safety study of Liqoseal is the logical next step.
Patient‐derived xenograft model in colorectal cancer basic and translational research
Authors: Liu Xiaofeng , Xin Zechang , Wang Kun
Published: December 2022

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most popular malignancies globally, with 930 000 deaths in 2020. The evaluation of CRC‐related pathogenesis and the discovery of potential therapeutic targets will be meaningful and helpful for improving CRC treatment. With huge efforts made in past decades, the systematic treatment regimens have been applied to improve the prognosis of CRC patients. However, the sensitivity of CRC to chemotherapy and targeted therapy is different from person to person, which is an important cause of treatment failure. The emergence of patient‐derived xenograft (PDX) models shows great potential to alleviate the straits. PDX models possess similar genetic and pathological characteristics as the features of primary tumors. Moreover, PDX has the ability to mimic the tumor microenvironment of the original tumor. Thus, the PDX model is an important tool to screen precise drugs for individualized treatment, seek predictive biomarkers for prognosis supervision, and evaluate the unknown mechanism in basic research. This paper reviews the recent advances in constructed methods and applications of the CRC PDX model, aiming to provide new knowledge for CRC basic research and therapeutics.
Mechanistic Insight into Peptidyl‐Cysteine Oxidation by the Copper‐Dependent Formylglycine‐Generating Enzyme
Authors: Wu Yao , Zhao Cong , Su Yanzhuang , Shaik Sason , Lai Wenzhen
Published: December 2022

The copper‐dependent formylglycine‐generating enzyme (FGE) catalyzes the oxygen‐dependent oxidation of specific peptidyl‐cysteine residues to formylglycine. Our QM/MM calculations provide a very likely mechanism for this transformation. The reaction starts with dioxygen binding to the tris‐thiolate CuI center to form a triplet CuII‐superoxide complex. The rate‐determining hydrogen atom abstraction involves a triplet‐singlet crossing to form a CuII−OOH species that couples with the substrate radical, leading to a CuI‐alkylperoxo intermediate. This is accompanied by proton transfer from the hydroperoxide to the S atom of the substrate via a nearby water molecule. The subsequent O−O bond cleavage is coupled with the C−S bond breaking that generates the formylglycine and a CuII‐oxyl complex. Moreover, our results suggest that the aldehyde oxygen of the final product originates from O2, which will be useful for future experimental work.
Highly Twisted Conformation Thiopyrylium Photosensitizers for In Vivo Near Infrared‐II Imaging and Rapid Inactivation of Coronavirus
Authors: Liu Yishen , Gu Meijia , Ding Qihang , Zhang Zhiyun , Gong Wanxia , Yuan Yuncong , Miao Xiaofei , Ma Huili , Hong Xuechuan , Hu Wenbo , Xiao Yuling
Published: December 2022

Despite significant effort, a majority of heavy‐atom‐free photosensitizers have short excitation wavelengths, thereby hampering their biomedical applications. Here, we present a facile approach for developing efficient near‐infrared (NIR) heavy‐atom‐free photosensitizers. Based on a series of thiopyrylium‐based NIR‐II (1000–1700 nm) dyads, we found that the star dyad HD with a sterically bulky and electron‐rich moiety exhibited configuration torsion and significantly enhanced intersystem crossing (ISC) compared to the parent dyad. The electron excitation characteristics of HD changed from local excitation (LE) to charge transfer (CT)‐domain, contributing to a ≈6‐fold reduction in energy gap (ΔEST), a ≈10‐fold accelerated ISC process, and a ≈31.49‐fold elevated reactive oxygen species (ROS) quantum yield. The optimized SP@HD‐PEG2K lung‐targeting dots enabled real‐time NIR‐II lung imaging, which precisely guided rapid pulmonary coronavirus inactivation.
Long‐Range Cationic Disordering Induces two Distinct Degradation Pathways in Co‐Free Ni‐Rich Layered Cathodes
Authors: Hua Weibo , Zhang Jilu , Wang Suning , Cheng Yi , Li Hang , Tseng Jochi , Wu Zhonghua , Shen Chong‐Heng , Dolotko Oleksandr , Liu Hao , Hung Sung‐Fu , Tang Wei , Li Mingtao , Knapp Michael , Ehrenberg Helmut , Indris Sylvio , Guo Xiaodong
Published: December 2022

Ni‐rich layered oxides are one of the most attractive cathode materials in high‐energy‐density lithium‐ion batteries, their degradation mechanisms are still not completely elucidated. Herein, we report a strong dependence of degradation pathways on the long‐range cationic disordering of Co‐free Ni‐rich Li1−m(Ni0.94Al0.06)1+mO2 (NA). Interestingly, a disordered layered phase with lattice mismatch can be easily formed in the near‐surface region of NA particles with very low cation disorder (NA‐LCD, m≤0.06) over electrochemical cycling, while the layered structure is basically maintained in the core of particles forming a “core–shell” structure. Such surface reconstruction triggers a rapid capacity decay during the first 100 cycles between 2.7 and 4.3 V at 1 C or 3 C. On the contrary, the local lattice distortions are gradually accumulated throughout the whole NA particles with higher degrees of cation disorder (NA‐HCD, 0.06≤m≤0.15) that lead to a slow capacity decay upon cycling.
Cooperative Catalysis of Polysulfides in Lithium‐Sulfur Batteries through Adsorption Competition by Tuning Cationic Geometric Configuration of Dual‐active Sites in Spinel Oxides
Authors: Li Hongtai , Shi Pei , Wang Lei , Yan Tianran , Guo Tong , Xia Xiao , Chen Chi , Mao Jing , Sun Dan , Zhang Liang
Published: December 2022

Fundamentally understanding the structure–property relationship is critical to design advanced electrocatalysts for lithium‐sulfur (Li−S) batteries, which remains a formidable challenge. Herein, by manipulating the regulable cations in spinel oxides, their geometrical‐site‐dependent catalytic activity for sulfur redox is investigated. Experimental and theoretical analyses validate that the modulation essence of cooperative catalysis of lithium polysulfides (LiPSs) is dominated by LiPSs adsorption competition between Co3+tetrahedral (Td) and Mn3+octahedral (Oh) sites on Mn3+Oh−O−Co3+Tdbackbones. Specifically, high‐spin Co3+Tdwith stronger Co−S covalency anchors LiPSs persistently, while electron delocalized Mn3+Ohwith adsorptive orbital (dz2) functions better in catalyzing specialized LiPSs conversion. This work inaugurates a universal strategy for sculpting geometrical configuration to achieve charge, spin, and orbital topological regulation in electrocatalysts for Li−S batteries.
Transition‐Metal‐Free Difunctionalization of Sulfur Nucleophiles**
Authors: Mondal Shobhan , Di Tommaso Ester Maria , Olofsson Berit
Published: December 2022

Efficient protocols for accessing iodo‐substituted diaryl and aryl(vinyl) sulfides have been developed using iodonium salts as reactive electrophilic arylation and vinylation reagents. The reactions take place under transition‐metal‐free conditions, employing odorless and convenient sulfur reagents. A wide variety of functional groups are tolerated in theS‐diarylation, enabling the regioselective late‐stage application of several heterocycles and drug molecules under mild reaction conditions. A novelS‐difunctionalization pathway was discovered using vinyliodonium salts, which proceeds under additive‐free reaction conditions and grants excellent stereoselectivity in the synthesis of aryl(vinyl) sulfides. A one‐pot strategy combining transition‐metal‐free diarylation and subsequent reduction provided facile access to electron‐rich thioanilines and a direct synthesis of a potential drug candidate derivative. The retained iodo group allows a wide array of further synthetic transformations. Mechanistic insights were elucidated by isolating the key intermediate, and the relevant energy profile was substantiated by DFT calculations.
Benzotrithiophene‐based Covalent Organic Framework Photocatalysts with Controlled Conjugation of Building Blocks for Charge Stabilization
Authors: Jeon Jong‐Pil , Kim Yu Jin , Joo Se Hun , Noh Hyuk‐Jun , Kwak Sang Kyu , Baek Jong‐Beom
Published: December 2022

Covalent organic frameworks have recently shown high potential for photocatalytic hydrogen production. However, their structure‐property‐activity relationship has not been sufficiently explored to identify a research direction for structural design. Herein, we report the design and synthesis of four benzotrithiophene (BTT)‐based covalent organic frameworks (COFs) with different conjugations of building units, and their photocatalytic activity for hydrogen production. All four BTT‐COFs had slipped parallel stacking patterns with high crystallinity and specific surface areas. The change in the degree of conjugation was found to rationally tune the rate of photocatalytic hydrogen evolution. Based on the experimental and calculation results, the tunable photocatalytic performance could be mainly attributed to the electron affinity and charge trapping of the electron accepting units. This study provides important insights for designing covalent organic frameworks for efficient photocatalysts.
Probing into complexation and separation of chiral‐at‐uranium complex to chiral sulphur enantiomers R/S‐ethiproles
Authors: Ma Ming‐jie , Xiao Chun‐mei , Xiao Xi‐lin , Liao Li‐fu , Nie Chang‐ming
Published: December 2022

Chiral pesticides R/S‐ethiproles(R/S‐EPLs) have different biotoxicity. Due to the difficulty in the separation of chiral sulphur enantiomers, it is of great significance to study the selective recognition and separation of chiral sulphur enantiomers R/S‐ethiproles. Based on DFT method, we theoretically designed a novel asymmetrical ligand of 4‐amino‐6‐(9‐[5‐hydroxy‐1H‐indol‐6‐yl]‐4,7‐dimethoxy‐1,10‐phenanthrolin‐2‐yl)‐1H‐indol‐5‐ol (AHPIL). Then we further constructed the chiral‐at‐uranium complex, namely, Uranyl‐AHPIL, to recognize and separate the enantiomers R/S‐EPLs. Various analyses, including electrostatic potential (ESP), molecular geometric structures, Mayer bond order (MBO), electron density difference diagram (EDDM), independent gradient model based on Hirschfield partition (IGMH), quantum theory of atoms in molecules (QTAIM), molecular orbitals, the extended transition state‐natural orbitals for chemical valence (ETS‐NOCV), hard–soft acid–base (HSAB), relaxed force constants (RFCs) and binding free energy, furthermore unravelled the selective complexation and chiral separation ability of Uranyl‐AHPIL receptor to R/S‐EPLs guests. The results all indicated that the novel ligand could coordinate with uranyl to form a stable chiral‐at‐uranium complex, which more inclined selectively to bind with R/S‐EPLs through thiyl oxygen O22, and its complexation ability to S‐EPL was much greater than to R‐EPL. In solvents water, acetone, dichloromethane, benzene, cyclohexane and in gas phase, the separation factors of Uranyl‐AHPIL towards R/S‐EPL were in range of 189–633, and the enantioselectivity coefficients were all above 99%. These results provide a theoretical guidance for the complexation and separation of chiral pesticides and at the same time offer a new reference for the design of actinide complexes.
Enhancement of water and salt penetration resistance into mortar cement composited with vulcanized natural rubber compound
Authors: Jitkarune Inchalita , Manantapong Phattarasuda , Tangboriboon Nuchnapa
Published: December 2022

Vulcanized natural rubber compound plays an important role to be used as a reinforcement phase for mortar‐cement‐paste matrix. Natural rubber is an organic binder to increase good adhesion for the flexible‐film formation and waterproof membrane within the mortar matrix. Adding sulfur as a curing agent into natural rubber latex can increase chemical bridge bonding within the mortar cement paste matrix. Embedding vulcanized natural rubber 30 wt% (PMC‐30) with a sulfur curing system was employed to increase physical, chemical, thermal, and mechanical properties due to interconnective bonding. PMC‐30 possessed low water absorption of less than 10%. After 28 days of curing, they possessed a high thermal shock resistance, a low percentage of salt solution absorption, and no thermal deterioration. The mortar composite embedded with the vulcanized natural rubber compound 30 wt% (PMC‐30) was an alternative mortar composite formula suitable for use in the seawater, beaches, and salt contact areas due to the lowest percentage of salt solution absorption (1.94%), low water absorption (3.17% ± 0.74), good thermal shock resistance, and the highest flexural strength (6.72 ± 0.39 MPa). Therefore, adding the vulcanized natural rubber compound in mortar cement is a good way to improve the flexural strength and water resistance of mortar cement.
Influence of aviation hydraulic oil swelling on the mechanical properties of HNBR/EPDM vulcanizates reinforced by carbon black
Authors: Jiang Xingwang , Wang Chuan , Liu Susu , Wang Huiyu , Yu Jianghong , Liu Guangyong
Published: December 2022

The study on swelling behaviors of rubber products in liquid media is of great value for life prediction and practical application guidance. In this work, changes in the mechanical properties of hydrogenated nitrile rubber/ethylene propylene diene monomer (HNBR/EPDM) blends caused by swelling in aviation hydraulic oil YH‐15 were studied. Effects of two kinds of carbon black, N220, and N990, on the tensile properties of HNBR/EPDM blends at both unswollen and swollen states were investigated. The results turned out that N220 exhibited better reinforcing effects than N990 on HNBR/EPDM blends. The tensile properties of unfilled and filled HNBR/EPDM blends decreased rapidly at first and then tended to stabilize with the extension of swelling time in YH‐15, while the modulus at 100% declined firstly and then increased. After swelling for 72 h, the tensile strength of HNBR/EPDM blends filled with N220 decreased by more than 35%, and by comparison, it decreased by about 20% for the N990‐filled HNBR/EPDM blends. The cross‐sections of the tensile samples after swelling changed greatly compared with the unswollen samples. In addition, the effect of swelling on the hardness of the HNBR/EPDM blends was not obvious.