bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PROGRESSION OF X-RAY ASTRONOMY AND ITS SIGNIFICANCE IN UNDERSTANDING NEUTRON STAR SOFT X-RAY TRANSIENT
Authors: Mahato Rabindra , Lianlunthang T D Peter , Baruah Monmoyuri
Published: June 2024

Soft X-ray transients are one of the many varieties of Low Mass X-ray Binaries (LMXB), which typically radiate in a latent state with very low luminosity but on rare occasions outgo sporadic outbursts with a 100-1000 times increase in its luminosity. Out of 166 LMXB, 30 have so far been classified as Neutron Star Soft X-ray Transients (NSSXT) with spatial distribution│l│= ±10 deg and │b│ < 20 deg. In this paper, we attempt to summarise the role of High-resolution X-ray Spectroscopy(HRXS) and models conceived in evaluating various activities exhibited by NSSXTs during X-ray emission, particularly the process of X-ray emission during outburst and quiescence states and thereby how our understanding of the Physical and Chemical structure of NS comprising NSSXTs has evolved. The Choice of NSSXT is significant because in SXT X-ray emission during quiescence in principle is because of the mechanism without inflow of matter into the primary star.
THREATINING THE SACRED INSTITUTION OF MARRIAGE- CRIMINALIZATION OF MARITAL RAPE IN INDIA AND ITS SOCIETAL IMPLICATIONS
Authors: Sharma Ashtha , Singh Parmjeet
Published: June 2024

Rape, to be more specific marital rape is not a novice in the class; it has great history which is parallel to the existence of humans in the society. Its criminalization will hit the institution of marriage, the so called institution which forms the base of the superstructure of family. Hinduism even call marriage a sacred union of the male and the female granting it the status of a sacrament rather than a mere contractual relationship. However in today’s progressing system, this sacred union is under the threat of being destructed by the fatal blows in the form of criminal law amendments. The art of criminalizing any act no doubt acts as a bliss for a section or a class but it does have a curse for others. One such example being the recent debate on the issue of criminalization of marital rape in India, which no doubt will benefit the female sect of the society but which will lead to great distress in the society but giving fatal blows to the essential institutions of the marriage as well as the institution of family. The argument might seem bit male dominant, but this is the sad and the harsh outcome. India being called “Mother Of Democracy” in the world, has had innumerable provisions which are women centric and women centered. No doubt the criminalization of marital rape will add more to this list but at the same time will cause billions of loss to it by shaking the underpinnings of the Indian society. The future course however seems blurry considering the recent judicial pronouncements and existing legal provisions on the same. The study is here to unfold the entire concept of marital rape( as to what it actually is?), classification of it, expected impact on the society and what is judiciary’s take on the same.
'RTE (2009) VS SCHOOL DROP-OUT: A CASE STUDY UNDER RISHRA CIRCLE, HOOGHLY DISTRICT, WEST BENGAL’
Authors: Bhowmik Dr. Gautam
Published: June 2024

The Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education Act, 2009 was passed on August 4, 2009, in an attempt to truly implement India's Fundamental Right to Free and Compulsory Education. This Act came into effect on April 1, 2010. After a decade of the enactment of this RTE Act, school drop out of school drop-out is not fertile for the development of our country. It is also not desirable for the implementation of the NEP 2020. India has made some significant commitments in constitution towards ensuring the basic rights of the children through Right to Education (RTE) Act 2009; there is a serious doubt about its performance. Though, considerable achievements are noticed through the flagship program of SSA and Mid-Day meal scheme, but after a decade, the ASER Report (2021) shows that a significant portion of the student remained out of school. This paper tries to find out the prevalence of school dropout among the children of 6-14 years in the studied schools along with its associated factors.
Persepsi Siswa Tentang Motivasi Kerja Guru di SMK N 3 Padang
Authors: Febriansyah  , Ermita
Published: June 2024

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mendapatkan informasi mengenai motivasi kerja guru di SMK Negeri 3 Padang yang dilihat dari tanggung jawab, disiplin, semangat kerja, ketekunan, dan pengembangan diri. Jenis penelitian ini deskriptif kuantitatif yang populasinya adalah seluruh siswa kelas 10, 11, dan 12 SMK Negeri 3 Padang sebanyak 1309 orang. Sampel penelitiannya berjumlah 114 orang yang ditarik menggunakan teknik Stratified Proportional Random Sampling. Instrumen pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner model Skala Likert yang telah diuji validitas dan reliabilitasnya. Teknik analisis datanya menggunakan analisis statistik deskriptif. Hasil analisis data menggambarkan bahwa 1) tanggung jawab guru dalam bekerja memperoleh skor rata-rata 3,9 termasuk kategori tinggi, 2) disiplin guru dalam bekerja memperoleh skor rata-rata 4,0 termasuk kategori tinggi, 3) semangat kerja guru dalam bekerja memperoleh skor rata-rata 4,1 termasuk kategori tinggi, 4) ketekunan guru dalam bekerja memperoleh skor rata-rata 4,1 termasuk kategori tinggi, 5) Pengembangan diri guru dalam bekerja memperoleh skor rata-rata 3,0 termasuk kategori cukup tinggi. Dari hasil ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa persepsi siswa tentang motivasi kerja guru di SMK Negeri 3 Padang sudah tinggi dengan skor rata-rata 3,8.
Penerapan Literasi Sains Untuk Meningkatkan Kualitas Pembelajaan IPA di Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Gumala Dewi Sri Putri , Ari Suriani  , Sahrun Nisa
Published: June 2024

Mengembangkan literasi sains terhadap anak sekolah Dasar dapat dicapai melalui pembelajaran IPA  yang efektif. Literasi sains mengacu pada kemampuan individu untuk memanfaatkan ilmu pengetahuan ilmiah, merumuskan pertanyaan ilmiah, dan menganalisis data untuk memahami fonomena alam. Pelaksanaan literasi sains di sekolah dasar dapat diwujudkan melalui aktivitas observasi, eksperimen, dan penalaran ilmiah. Penellitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari bagaimana sains diterapkan dalam aktivitas mengajar dan belajar di SD. Metode yang digunakan ialah tinjauan pustaka/studi literature dengan cara menggabungkan beberapa informasi dari berbagai sumber. Pendekatan yang digunakan ialah kualitatif, untuk mengolah dan mengumpulkan data, menghasilkan pemahaman yang lebih komprehensif dan mendalam tentang penerapan literasi sains pada pembelajaran IPA di sekkolah dasar
Penerapan Sistem Demokrasi untuk Menjaga Persatuan dan Konstitusi Serta Penegakan Hukumnya
Authors: Mutmainnah Wardatul , Maulia Siti Tiara
Published: June 2024

Penerapan sistem demokrasi memiliki peran penting dalam menjaga persatuan, memelihara konstitusi, dan mengintegrasikan pendidikan politik dalam masyarakat. Artikel ini mengeksplorasi bagaimana demokrasi dapat menjadi alat efektif untuk memperkuat persatuan dan kepatuhan terhadap konstitusi suatu negara. Dengan menganalisis berbagai studi kasus dan teori politik, kami menyoroti mekanisme partisipasi publik dalam pengambilan keputusan, yang memberikan landasan bagi rasa memiliki dan tanggung jawab kolektif warga negara. Pemilihan umum yang bebas dan adil, kebebasan berpendapat, serta perlindungan hak asasi manusia adalah elemen penting dalam memperkuat stabilitas politik dan sosial, sambil memperluas cakupan pendidikan politik di masyarakat. Penegakan hukum yang konsisten dan adil adalah pilar penting dalam mencegah penyalahgunaan kekuasaan dan korupsi, sementara pendidikan hukum memberikan pemahaman yang lebih baik tentang konstitusi dan aturan hukum. Dengan menggabungkan pendidikan sebagai bagian integral dari proses demokratis, artikel ini menyoroti pentingnya komitmen terhadap prinsip-prinsip demokrasi dan kinerja institusi hukum yang independen untuk mencapai keberhasilan dalam mewujudkan persatuan nasional, keutuhan konstitusi, dan penegakan hukum yang efektif.
Partisipasi Perempuan dalam Politik
Authors: Adriani Selvia , Maulia Siti Tiara
Published: June 2024

Partisipasi politik perempuan merupakan elemen penting dalam mencapai representasi yang inklusif dan merata dalam pengambilan keputusan politik. Namun, tingkat partisipasi politik perempuan di Indonesia masih rendah, dipengaruhi oleh budaya patriarki dan pandangan tradisional yang merendahkan peran perempuan dalam politik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi partisipasi politik perempuan dan mengeksplorasi upaya-upaya pendidikan politik yang dapat meningkatkan keterlibatan mereka dalam proses politik. Melalui literature study dan analisis teoritis, temuan menunjukkan bahwa pendidikan politik bagi perempuan menjadi kunci dalam memperkuat partisipasi politik mereka dengan meningkatkan pengetahuan, keterampilan, dan rasa percaya diri. Dukungan dari berbagai organisasi juga diperlukan untuk memberikan pelatihan dan jaringan yang mendukung perempuan dalam memasuki dunia politik. Dengan pendekatan komprehensif yang melibatkan pendidikan politik dan dukungan organisasi, diharapkan partisipasi politik perempuan dapat ditingkatkan, menciptakan lingkungan politik yang lebih inklusif dan representatif bagi semua elemen masyarakat.
Türkiye'de Sigorta Şirketlerinin Finansal Performansı: Sigortacılık Sektörü Finansal Oran Analizi
Authors: Ayyıldız Nazif
Published: June 2024

Bu çalışmada, Türkiye sigortacılık sektörünün 2020-2023 dönemindeki finansal performansının değerlendirilmesi amacıyla bir finansal oran analizi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Analizde, sektördeki genel eğilimlerin belirlemesi için likidite ve aktif kalitesi, sermaye yeterliliği, karlılık, faaliyet ve tahsil kabiliyeti başlıkları altında önemli finansal göstergeleri incelenmiştir. Analiz sonucunda finansal oranlardaki değişimler incelenerek genel sektörel eğilimler belirlenmiştir. Sigorta sektöründeki şirketlere; hasar yönetimi, poliçe yapısı, likit varlık, nakit pozisyonu, hasar/prim oranları konularında yapılan tespitler ışığında gelecek dönem stratejilerinin şekillendirilmesi amacıyla birtakım öneriler yapılmıştır.
The Relationship Between HRM Practices and Organizational Commitment in NGOs in Turkey
Authors: Alhasan Yaman , Seyhan Mehmet
Published: June 2024

To boost the productivity of their staff organization, the purpose is to encourage employee commitment. This commitment is greatly determined by how satisfied employees, with their jobs. Highlighted Research the importance of HRPM and its impact on employee loyalty within organizations. Nonetheless, previous studies in governmental organizations (NGOs) in Turkey have commonly missed a deep understanding of how HRM practices affect employee loyalty. This research aims to create a model that explores the roles of organizational support and job satisfaction in the link between HR practices and employee dedication in NGOs in Turkey. The main goal is to examine how HR practices shape employee loyalty and whether this connection is influenced by employees’ perceptions of support and job satisfaction. A study involving 360 staff members working at NGOs in Turkey revealed a significant correlation between HR practices perceived organizational support and employee dedication. Moreover, it was observed that perceived organizational support played a mediating role between HR practices and employee commitment while no mediating role was identified for job satisfaction in the relationship, between HR practices and employee commitment.
ความเครียดจากการทำงานและภาวะสุขภาพจิตของพนักงานขับรถโดยสารประจำทางในองค์การขนส่งมวลชนกรุงเทพ
Authors:   , ต่างวิวัฒน์ ชยุตม์
Published: June 2024

การวิจัยครั้งนี้เป็นการวิจัยเชิงพรรณนาภาคตัดขวาง มีวัตถุประสงค์เพื่อศึกษาปัญหาความเครียดจากการทำงานและภาวะสุขภาพจิตของพนักงานขับรถโดยสารประจำทางในองค์การ กลุ่มตัวอย่างเป็นพนักงานขับรถโดยสารประจำทาง จำนวน 329 คน คัดเลือกโดยการสุ่มแบบหลายขั้นตอน เก็บข้อมูลในเดือนกุมภาพันธ์ถึงเดือนเมษายน พ.ศ.2566 โดยการใช้แบบประเมินความเครียดจากการทำงาน (Thai JCQ-45) และแบบประเมินภาวะสุขภาพจิต (Thai GHQ-12) วิเคราะห์ข้อมูลด้วยสถิติเชิงพรรณนา การวิเคราะห์ระหว่างสองตัวแปรและวิเคราะห์การถดถอยพหุคูณแบบโลจิสติก ผลการศึกษาพบว่ากลุ่มตัวอย่าง มีความเครียดจากการทำงานสูง ร้อยละ 30.4 และมีความเสี่ยงในการมีปัญหาสุขภาพจิต ร้อยละ 19.5 ปัจจัยที่มีความสัมพันธ์ไปในทิศทางเดียวกันกับความเครียดจากการทำงาน ได้แก่ เพศหญิง (aOR= 2.37, 95%CI: 1.17-4.80) การทำอาชีพเสริม (aOR= 4.04, 95%CI: 1.03-15.80) ผู้ที่มีการเรียกร้องจากงานด้านกายภาพสูง (aOR= 7.49, 95%CI: 3.98-14.10) ปัจจัยที่มีความสัมพันธ์ไปในทิศทางตรงกันข้ามกับความเครียดจากการทำงาน ได้แก่ การออกกำลังกาย (aOR= 0.35, 95%CI: 0.12-0.98)  ความมั่นคงของงานสูง (aOR= 0.27, 95%CI: 0.08-0.97)  และการสนับสนุนทั้งสังคมสูง (aOR= 0.09, 95%CI: 0.03-0.32) ปัจจัยที่มีความสัมพันธ์ไปในทิศทางเดียวกันกับความเสี่ยงในการมีปัญหาสุขภาพจิต ได้แก่ ชั่วโมงการทำงาน (aOR= 2.08, 95%CI: 1.06-4.07 ) อันตรายในงานสูง (aOR=, 95%CI: 1.90-7.66) และผู้ที่มีความเครียดจากการทำงานสูงมีความเสี่ยงในการมีปัญหาสุขภาพจิตเป็น 1.77 เท่า (95%CI: 1.01-3.11) ดังนั้นหน่วยงานควรส่งเสริมมาตรการในการป้องกันความเครียดจากการทำงานและปัญหาสุขภาพจิต
คุณลักษณะการสื่อสารของนวัตกรที่มีประสิทธิผลในเครือข่ายสังเคราะห์นวัตกรรม
Authors:   , แตงอ่อน พิเชษฐ์
Published: June 2024

การวิจัยนี้มีวัตถุประสงค์เพื่อค้นหาคุณลักษณะการสื่อสารของนวัตกรที่มีประสิทธิผลในเครือข่ายสังเคราะห์นวัตกรรมของประเทศไทย เป็นการวิจัยเพื่อการสำรวจหรือการวิจัยเชิงบุกเบิกด้วยระเบียบวิธีวิจัยเชิงคุณภาพ กลุ่มตัวอย่างเป็นนวัตกรที่มีประสิทธิผล (มีผลงานอย่างต่อเนื่อง) จำนวน 20 ท่าน คัดเลือกแบบหลายขั้นตอนร่วมกับการคัดเลือกแบบเจาะจงจากฐานข้อมูลสิทธิบัตรของกรมทรัพย์สินทางปัญญา ใช้การสัมภาษณ์เจาะลึกเป็นเครื่องมือหลักในการวิจัย วิเคราะห์ข้อมูลที่ได้จากการสัมภาษณ์ด้วยการวิเคราะห์แก่นสาระ ผลการวิจัยแบ่งออกได้เป็น 2 ส่วน คือ

1. โครงสร้างเครือข่ายและความสัมพันธ์: เครือข่ายสังเคราะห์นวัตกรรมที่นวัตกรที่มีประสิทธิผลสังกัด ประกอบด้วยสมาชิกความเชี่ยวชาญหลากหลาย (สหวิทยาการ/สหวิชาชีพ) แต่มีทัศนคติและวิธีคิดสอดคล้องกัน จึงทำงานร่วมกันได้อย่างมีประสิทธิภาพ สมาชิกในเครือข่ายฯ ได้รับมอบหมายบทบาทแตกต่างกันตามศักยภาพ และมีความสัมพันธ์กันบนพื้นฐานการทำงานเป็นหลัก โดยเครือข่ายฯ มีผู้นำ (มักได้แก่ตัวนวัตกรที่มีประสิทธิผล) รวมถึงผู้จัดการที่มีทักษะการสื่อสาร มีภาวะผู้นำสูง รอบรู้หลายเรื่องที่เกี่ยวข้อง ตัดสินใจในแต่ละขั้นตอนได้เร็ว รวมถึงมีทักษะการบริหารจัดการที่สามารถควบคุมปัจจัยในการทำงานที่ยากภายใต้ข้อจำกัดด้านทรัพยากรและเวลาได้ นอกจากนี้ นวัตกรในเครือข่ายฯ จะทำงานได้อย่างมีประสิทธิภาพมากขึ้นหากสามารถ 1) เชื่อมโยงกับสมาชิก/หน่วยงานที่มีต้นทุนทางสังคมสูง ได้แก่ สมาชิก/หน่วยงานที่มีชื่อเสียง เป็นที่ยอมรับระดับสูง และ/หรือมีเครือข่ายด้านแหล่งทุนที่พร้อมและเอื้อต่อการทำงาน และ 2) ดำเนินงานภายใต้องค์กรที่มีระบบงานสนับสนุนซึ่งเอื้อต่อกระบวนการสังเคราะห์นวัตกรรม หรือเอื้อต่อการพัฒนาเครือข่ายสังเคราะห์นวัตกรรมให้เป็นหน่วยงานใหม่ที่มีข้อจำกัดในการทำงานน้อยลง

2. พฤติกรรมการสื่อสาร: สมาชิกเครือข่ายสังเคราะห์นวัตกรรมที่นวัตกรที่มีประสิทธิผลสังกัด มักเปิดกว้างทางความคิดแต่ยังปรากฏการคิดตามกลุ่ม (groupthink) บ้าง มักทำงานร่วมกันเป็นกลุ่มย่อยแบบไม่เป็นทางการ เพราะคล่องตัวและแก้ไขปัญหาได้ทันท่วงที มีพฤติกรรมการแลกเปลี่ยนข้อมูล/การถ่ายทอดความรู้แบบทุกทิศทางและเกิดขึ้นตลอดเวลา โดยการแสดงความคิดเห็นที่เป็นที่ยอมรับต้องมีหลักฐานทางวิชาการสนับสนุน ในกรณีของการทำงานเป็นกลุ่มใหญ่เพื่อตัดสินใจหรือแก้ไขปัญหาร่วมกัน สมาชิกเครือข่ายฯ จะโต้แย้งแสดงเหตุผลเพื่อลดให้เหลือเฉพาะตัวเลือกที่สำคัญแล้วให้ผู้นำเครือข่ายตัดสินใจอีกครั้ง นอกจากนี้ แนวทางสำคัญของการสื่อสารภายในเครือข่ายฯ ได้แก่ 1) การเปิดกว้างให้สมาชิกสื่อสารได้ทุกเรื่อง 2) ผู้นำ/ผู้จัดการควรสร้างกระบวนการทำงานและการสื่อสารที่ถูกต้อง ชัดเจน รวดเร็ว 3) สมาชิกควรมีทักษะในการสื่อสารให้เข้าใจง่าย และทราบว่าต้องสื่อสารเรื่องใด กับใคร อย่างไร และ 4) มีการจัดการความรู้ (เช่น จัดทำคู่มือ รายงาน แนวปฏิบัติที่ดี ฯลฯ) เพื่อลดขั้นตอนในสิ่งที่ต้องสื่อสารกันบ่อยครั้ง
Enhancement of a decellularized tracheal scaffold for tracheal tissue engineering
Authors:   , Sompunga Pensuda
Published: June 2024

Development of tracheal substitutions currently lacks a standard protocol due to the complexity of trachea structure and function. Tissue-based treatments using patient's cells grown on an extracellular matrix (ECM) from donor tissue are promising approach in tissue engineering. The aim of this study was to develop canine dECM-based tissue engineered tracheal constructs, which serve as tissue model to develop decellularization process and cell carriers. Canine tracheas were performed vacuum-assisted decellularization (VAD) to create dual cell carrier systems, which are a decellularized tracheal scaffold (dTracheal scaffold) and a dECM hydrogel. The results from histology and biochemistry assay found that dTracheal scaffolds were effectively decellularized, resulting in a significantly low level of DNA content and Major histocompatibility complex class II. However, decellularization process preserved ECM components. Scanning electron micrographs revealed a fibrous structure of ECM network. The cytotoxicity testing demonstrated the biocompatibility with epithelial cells. Moreover, hMSCs encapsulated in ECM-rich hydrogel for 3 days showed excellent viability. Furthermore, the effects of fibroblasts on epithelial tissue formation in vitro were evaluated by a co-culture system between epithelial cells and fibroblasts, cultured on the luminal surface of the dTracheal scaffold. The H&E staining demonstrated a ciliated epithelial formation on the mucosa layer after co-culture for 21 days, while an epithelial cell monoculture group could observe the epithelial cell infiltration in the submucosa layer. The tri-culture system between epithelial cells, fibroblasts, and human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) exhibited a ciliated epithelial formation on the mucosa layer similar to co-culture construct. Moreover, hMSCs encapsulated in dECM hydrogel demonstrated a chondrogenic differentiation to cartilage-like tissue, which confirms by Alcian blue staining of sGAG and detection of collagen type II. The tri-culture construct found the expression of proteins associated with epithelium tissue formation, such as epithelial tight junctions, ciliation, and mucin production, as assessed by immunostaining. Furthermore, proteomics analysis identified the increase of proteins such as alpha-tubulin, beta-tubulin, vimentin, collagen type VI, and tenascin-C in the tri-culture construct. This study highlights an insightful information of structure and biochemistry of the decellularized trachea scaffold and the hydrogel, an influence of fibroblasts on epithelial layer formation and chondrogenic differentiation of hMSCs. Furthermore, this study provides a proof-of-concept for creating a well-structured trachea that can effectively function. Additionally, it contributes to the formation of knowledge and sets the stage for the future development of tracheal substitutes.
CRISPR-Cas12a-based detection and differentiation of Mycobacterium spp.
Authors:   , Compiro Peeraphan
Published: June 2024

Mycobacterium species cause several vital human diseases, including tuberculosis (TB) and non-tuberculous mycobacterial (NTM) infections. TB is a chronic infectious disease caused by the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC). Additionally, non-tuberculous mycobacteria infections are caused by major NTM species, including Mycobacterium abscessus, Mycobacterium avium, Mycobacterium fortuitum, Mycobacterium kansasii, Mycobacterium gordonae, and Mycobacterium intracelulare, are medically necessary. Both groups of infections can lead to outbreaks in immunocompromised individuals and AIDS patients. It is crucial to differentiate between these two groups of mycobacterial infections, as they require distinct treatment approaches. However, initial diagnosis poses limitations in terms of time and diagnostic tools. Therefore, accurate and rapid diagnosis is essential for effective treatment and controlling the spread of diseases. This research, the CRISPR-Cas12a technique was applied to develop a detection and classification method for mycobacteria at the species level. The testing results showed that the combination of the RPA technique with CRISPR-Cas12a for mycobacterial detection at the species level achieved a Limit of Detection (LOD) of 1 and 10 copies/µl, providing results consistent with standard detection methods for cultured samples. In summary, the CRISPR-Cas12a technique for the detection Mycobacterium spp. proved to be an efficient screening method, utilizing simple tools and delivering rapid results within one hour.
Finite Element Analysis of Bicycle Crank Arm on the Mechanical Aspect
Authors: Rosli M.U. , Zulkifli S.
Published: June 2024

The demand for increased performance both in the professional and amateur sectors and the inclusion of the bicycle in the city as a clean, silent, inexpensive, and healthy personal transport, is responsible for the technological growth of the industry. This study aims to analyze the effect of the design parameters on the bicycle crank arm and to find the best design value within the range for minimal defects. The strength of the structure design is significant to ensure the performance of the bicycle crank arms. To solve this problem, several design structures and parameters were studied. The selected parameters in this study are crank arm length, width, thickness, number of cranks spider, and rib design. Von-misses stress, strain, and displacement are selected as dependent variables. Aluminium Alloy 6061-T6 is the selected material in this study. The external load of 1000 N force was applied in the y-direction. The length analysis results show that 160 mm length, 30 mm width, and 10 mm thickness with five crank spiders and pocket design arm have the lowest stress, strain, and displacement. By bringing a new alternative to the crank's arm structure, the cost of the manufacture will be reduced. At the same time, it can help precisely improve the rigidity of producing complex 3D shapes.
Cost-Effective Fabrication of Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) Microfluidics for Point-of-Care Application
Authors: Adilah Ayoib  , Noor Amalina Aini Abdul Karim  , Uda Hashim  , Shahidah Arina Shamsuddin  , Siti Fatimah Abd Rahman  , Mohamad Faris Mohamad Fathil  , Nor Azizah Parmin
Published: June 2024

Microfluidics fabrication pertains to the construction of small-scale devices and systems that manipulate and control small volumes of fluids. This process involves precise engineering and manufacturing procedures aimed at designing and producing these devices, which find applications in healthcare, environmental monitoring, and chemical analysis. The present study showcases an inexpensive approach to fabricate microfluidics channels using PDMS biopolymer and soft lithography technique to achieve laminar fluid flow. Initially, a robust and adhesive mold was created by fabricating a master template using several layers of SU-8 5 and SU-8 2015 negative photoresists. Subsequently, PDMS microfluidics channels were replicated and sealed onto a glass substrate through plasma bonding treatment. High-power microscopy images and profilometer analyses demonstrated successful fabrication with minimal deviation from the initial designs and the fabricated devices (less than 0.07 mm, less than 0.6°). Both the SU-8 master template and PDMS replicate displayed average microchannel height values and surface roughness of 100 μm and 0.26 μm or lower, respectively. Additionally, the fluid test confirmed laminar flow without any leakage post plasma oxidation, indicating the completion of an efficient and cost-effective fabrication process.
Optical Properties of Gallium Nitride Heterostructures Grown on Quartz Using Pulse Laser Deposition Method
Authors: Abeer R. Abbas  , Makram A. Fakhri  , Motahher A. Qaeed  , Subash C. B. Gopinath
Published: June 2024

An optical analysis was conducted on a Gallium nitride (GaN) thin film grown on a quartz substrate using the physical vapor deposition technique (PVD), specifically, pulsed laser deposition (PLD). The film was grown using different laser wavelengths (1064, 532, and 355) nm from a Q-switch neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Nd: YAG) laser, all performed under a vacuum pressure of 10-2 m bar. The absorption coefficient of the GaN thin film was determined by performing UV-Vis diffused spectroscopy at room temperature and measuring wavelengths ranging from 200 to 1000 nm. The absorption peak occurs at 227 nm when the wavelength is 1064 nm, at 217 nm when the wavelength is 532 nm, and at 222 nm when the wavelength is 355 nm. The optical energy gap is a crucial statistic for analyzing the properties of thin films and assessing their potential as gas sensors. The value of the direct energy gap (Eg) for the prepared films was established by analyzing the graph that shows the relationship between (α h) and the energy gap (ev) values at different wavelengths. The energy values were determined to be 3.36 eV, 3.62 eV, and 3.7 eV for 1064, 532, and 355 nm wavelengths, respectively.
Banana Stem Waste as a Sustainable Modifier for Microstructure Modification of Protonic Ceramic Fuel Cell Cathode
Authors: Ismariza Ismail  , Muhammad Mahyiddin Ramli  , Norizah Abd Karim  , Abdullah Abdul Samat
Published: June 2024

This study investigates the feasibility of utilizing banana stem waste (BSW) as a pore former to modify the microstructure of the PCFC composite cathode. The microstructure of the La0.6Sr0.4Co0.2Fe0.8O3-α-Ba(Ce0.6Zr0.4)0.9Y0.1O3-δ (LSCF-BCZY64) composite cathode was modified by varying the amounts of the incorporated banana stem waste. The samples underwent sintering at 1000 ˚C, and their microstructural and physical properties were analyzed using X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and densimeter. The results indicate that the incorporation of BSW enhances the porosity of the cathode without significantly affecting its crystalline structure. As the amount of BSW increased from 10 to 40 wt.%, the porosity level increased from 7.0% to 32.7%, and the density of the samples decreased from 1.3 to 0.9 g/cm3, thereby supporting the results of the porosity analysis. Increased cathode porosity can enhance reactant accessibility to active sites, potentially resulting in improved cell performance and durability. Moreover, the utilization of BSW as a sustainable and cost-effective pore former aligns with the growing emphasis on environmentally friendly materials in energy applications.
Photoluminescence Measurement of Triplet Sensitizer-Emitter Solution Using a Customized 3D-Printed Sample Holder
Authors: Kelvin Voon Yan Jie  , Safizan Shaari  , Mohd Fairus Ahmad  , Nor Farhani Zakaria  , Norhayati Sabani
Published: June 2024

This study explores the photoluminescence (PL) measurement of triplet sensitizer-emitter (TSE) solutions using a custom 3D-printed sample holder, within the context of triplet-triplet annihilation based molecular photon upconversion (TTA-UC) systems targeting the Vis-to-UV spectral region. TTA-UC converts low-energy visible photons to higher-energy ultraviolet (UV) photons, holding promise for solar energy harvesting and photonics applications. Two TSE couples, 4CzIPN/TP and 4CzIPN/QP, were investigated, and their upconverted fluorescence spectra showed peaks at 344 nm and 354 nm / 370 nm, respectively, confirming efficient upconversion capabilities. The 3D-printed sample holder facilitated reproducible PL measurements, enabling the calculation of quantum yields (ΦUC). The 4CzIPN/TP and 4CzIPN/QP couples exhibited low quantum yields (0.028% and 0.043%, respectively), suggesting the need for improved deoxygenation methods to enhance the triplet-triplet annihilation process and overall quantum efficiency. Despite modest yields, successful UV upconverted fluorescence observation underscores the feasibility of the Vis-to-UV TTA-UC system. This study provides insights into TTA-UC optimization and demonstrates the utility of the 3D-printed sample holder for affordable and precise PL measurements, paving the way for future advancements in photonics and solar energy applications.
Arthropods-mediated Green Synthesis of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles using Cellar Spider Extract: A Biocompatible Remediation for Environmental Approach
Authors: M. Isa  , M. N. A. Uda  , M. A. R. Irfan  , Uda Hashim  , Subash C. B. Gopinath  , Hafiza Shukor  , M. N. Afnan Uda  , MRM Huzaifah  , Maimunah Mohd Ali  , N. H. Ibrahim  , Muaz Mohd Zaini Makhtar  , Qi Hwa Ng  , M. K. R. Hashim  , Z. A. Arsat  , N. A. Parmin  , Iyana Ahmad Sofri  , Mahfuz Affif Mohd Ruslan  , Tijjani Adam
Published: June 2024

This study presents an eco-friendly approach to synthesizing zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) using extracts from cellar spiders, addressing environmental and health concerns associated with conventional methods. The spider extract efficiently reduced zinc acetate dihydrate, and the synthesized ZnO NPs underwent comprehensive quantitative characterization, including size, shape, morphology, surface chemistry, thermal stability, and optical properties using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), zeta potential measurements, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and UV-vis spectroscopy. The nanoparticles exhibited intended characteristics, and their adsorption capability for methylene blue (MB) was quantitatively assessed using the Freundlich isotherm model and pseudo-second-order kinetic model, providing numerical insights into MB removal efficiency. The study demonstrates the potential of these green-synthesized ZnO NPs for applications in environmental remediation, wastewater treatment, and antibacterial therapies, contributing to both sustainable nanomaterial development and quantitative understanding of their functional properties.
Aluminium Interdigitated Electrode with 5.0 μm Gap for Electrolytic Scooting
Authors: M. N. Afnan Uda  , Uda Hashim  , M. N. A. Uda  , Tijjani Adam  , Asral Bahari Jambekd  , Ismail Saad  , N. A. Parmin  , Shahidah Arina Shamsuddin  , N. A Karim  , G. Yashni  , Nur Hulwani Ibrahim  , N. Parimon  , M. F. H. Rani
Published: June 2024

The goal of the research project is to design, fabricate, and characterize an extremely sensitive biosensor for use in healthcare. Using AutoCAD software, a novel IDE pattern with a 5 μm finger gap was created. Conventional photolithography and regular CMOS technology were used in the fabrication process. A 3D nano profiler, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), high-power microscopy (HPM), and low-power microscopy (LPM) were used to physically characterize the manufactured IDE. Chemical testing was done using several pH buffer solutions, and electrical validation was performed using I-V measurements. The Al IDE was produced, with a tolerance of 0.1 μm between the fabricated IDEs and the design mask. Electrical measurements verified the flawless fabrication of the IDE, and the device's repeatability was validated by the outcomes of comparable IDE samples. For each pH buffer solution, a modest additional volume of 2 μl was used to quantitatively detect slight current fluctuations in the microampere range. Through pH calibration for advanced applications in the realm of chemical sensors using an amperometric method, this research study has verified the chemical behavior of the IDE.
Entre o corpo e a alma: a função das doenças nas experiências visionárias do Além Medieval
Authors: Oliveira Solange Pereira
Published: June 2024

As diversas doenças que surgiram na Idade Média vão além de uma manifestação física que acomete somente a materialidade dos corpos, pois as crenças permitem considerar que, antes de tudo, também é simbolicamente uma doença da alma. As enfermidades no imaginário cristão medieval são caracterizadas pelo binômio corpo-alma, que constitui uma relação dialógica nos discursos clericais, na medida em que a manifestação de uma doença exprime uma questão moral religiosa, seja individual ou coletiva. O presente artigo tem como objetivo analisar a função das doenças nas estruturas dos relatos de Visões do Além Medieval, a partir das experiências de protagonistas viajantes, que são acometidos por um estado patológico, antes da experiência de quase morte que culmina com a partida temporária de suas almas para o Além-Túmulo.
Bernardino de Laredo, médico e místico - a meditação sobre a Paixão de Cristo em Subida del Monte Sión (século XV)
Authors: Souza Armênia Maria de
Published: June 2024

Frei Bernardino de Laredo, membro da Ordem franciscana, médico e boticário de formação, era proveniente de uma família fidalga e, por volta de 1495, iniciou os seus estudos, segundo consta, em Sevilha. Considera-se que foi autor de duas obras médico-farmacológicos que antecederam seu escrito de caráter místico-religioso. A primeira é um manual de medicina e farmacopeia, Metaphora medicine, impressa em 1522, tendo outra edição em 1536, publicada em ambos os momentos por Juan de Varela. A segunda obra é intitulada Modus faciendi cum ordine medicandi. A médicos y boticários muy común y necessario. Já a obra de caráter místico é Subida del Monte Sion. Nesse aspecto, ele foi um dos representantes da corrente mística da história espiritual da Espanha. Propomos neste estudo compreender a importância de se contemplar Jesus crucificado em sua última obra. Abordaremos aqui as principais cenas da Paixão narradas pelo autor, trazendo o debate com o campo médico para examinar questões relativas à morte por crucificação.
Perspectivas e tendências de adaptação do cooperativismo aos desafios do tempo atual: exemplos de gestão no sistema Sicoob Central Norte
Authors: Figueiredo Fernanda Amaral , Barbosa Elizete Gonçalves
Published: June 2024

Quais práticas de gestão possibilitam a sustentabilidade das cooperativas de crédito no Brasil? Dessa problemática, delineou-se o objetivo geral apresentar a consolidação dos instrumentos administrativos de gestão que viabilizem o crescimento deste ramo cooperativo no mercado. A pesquisa é classificada como qualitativa, quanto aos objetivos como descritiva e exploratória, os procedimentos técnicos utilizados foram pesquisa de campo, documental e bibliográfica. As coletas de dados utilizadas foram questionários, análise bibliográfica e documental. Participaram da pesquisa 06 (seis) gestores das singulares do Sicoob Central Norte. Os autores base foram Lima (2009), Gama e Silva (2010), Meinen e Port (2012, 2014), Oliveira (2015) e Schmidt et al (2020). Com base na percepção dos participantes da pesquisa são utilizadas várias ferramentas de gestão disponíveis no mercado, do próprio sistema SICOOB e instrumentos de gestão internos das cooperativas singulares. Todavia, percebe-se a necessidade de melhorias no processo de acompanhamento e avaliação dos indicadores do planejamento estratégico.
Evolução e classificação da qualidade das práticas de governança e gestão: um estudo nas cooperativas do estado de Santa Catarina (Brasil)
Authors: Cardoso João Vanio Mendonça , Camilo Silvio Parodi Oliveira
Published: June 2024

Contexto: A governança corporativa surgiu da necessidade de proteger os acionistas dos abusos da diretoria executiva das empresas, da inércia dos conselhos de administração e das falhas das auditorias. As cooperativas vêm aderindo às práticas de boa governança, buscando, com isso, melhorar o desempenho e a sustentabilidade. Objetivo: este estudo objetiva analisar como se apresenta a evolução da qualidade das práticas de governança e gestão das cooperativas do estado de Santa Catarina, e classificá-las segundo o nível de governança e gestão. Método: com o intuito de alcançar o objetivo da pesquisa, adotou-se uma pesquisa com abordagem quantitativa e de caráter descritiva. O procedimento adotado foi a pesquisa de levantamento, com dados obtidos na base de dados do SESCOOP-SC das cooperativas que participam do PDGC. Resultados: os resultados apontam para uma correlação na evolução entre a governança e a gestão. Também demonstram que a maioria das cooperativas 66,95% estão classificadas nos clusters avançado e em consolidação quanto à qualidade da governança e da gestão.
ANALISIS HUBUNGAN PENILAIAN INFRASTRUKTUR DESA BERDASARKAN INDEKS DESA MEMBANGUN (IDM) DESA METODE SINTAX CONTRAST HELMERT DI KABUPATEN WONOGIRI
Authors: Iwan ristanto Iwan Ristanto , Handiana Devi Rida , Azhar Firdausi Annisa
Published: June 2024

Wonogiri Regency, there are 299 villages with village status that receive Village Fund (DD) allocations from the Central Government. Based on the Village Development Index (IDM), the average status of villages in Wonogiri Regency is as underdeveloped villages and developing villages. One of the reservoirs of poverty in Wonogiri Regency is in Kismantoro District and Tirtomoyo District. Limited human resources, in this case the Activity Implementation Team (TPK) in the field of village development, are an obstacle constraint in village development in Tirtomoyo District, Wonogiri Regency. This research aims to provide a public test in an assessment of the implementation of village infrastructure development in Tirtomoyo sub-district based on the status of the Village Development Index (IDM). The assessment analysis uses the Helmert contrast syntax statistical method with two types of variables, namely the independent variable (IDM status) and the dependent variable. dependent variable (making RAB and making concrete quality). In carrying out activities to make RAB and concrete quality mixtures, pre-test and post-test assessments are carried out. The results of the assessment using the Helmert Pos Hoc contrast test with the help of SPSS software show that H0 is rejected, meaning; The IDM status of independent villages is influential there is a difference compared to the IDM of developed villages, and is developing in the implementation of activities for making RAB and quality concrete mixes. Whereas H0 is accepted meaning; IDM status in developed villages has no effect/there is no difference compared to IDM in developing villages in terms of the ability to make RAB and concrete mix quality.
KARAKTERISTIK PASIEN PREEKLAMPSIA DI RUMAH SAKIT UMUM DAERAH SOEDIRAN MANGUN SOEMARSO WONOGIRI JAWA TENGAH
Authors: Weningtyas Vyanda Sri , Adnan Muhammad Luthfi , Pramaningtyas Miranti Dewi , Wahyana Eka Budi
Published: June 2024

Preeclampsia is a condition of increased blood pressure accompanied by proteinuria during pregnancy. Preeclampsia is one of the causes of maternal and fetal death. Efforts to reduce the incidence of preeclampsia are one of the efforts to reduce maternal mortality, one of which is by knowing the characteristics of preeclampsia patients to plan to overcome the risk of preeclampsia in the future. This study aims to determine the characteristics of preeclampsia patients at Wonogiri Regional Hospital dr. Soediran Mangun Soemarso, Wonogiri, Central Java. This research was conducted in a retrospective cross-sectional manner on the medical records of preeclampsia patients in Wonogiri Regional Hospital dr. Soediran Mangun Soemarso, Wonogiri, Central Java during 2019-2022. Sampling was carried out using a purposive sampling method among pregnant women who gave birth in the hospital from November 2021 – Januari 2022. A total of 106 medical record data from pregnant women were obtained in this study. The average age of pregnant women in this study was 31.37 ± 6.72 years with the majority aged 20 – 35 years with a history of giving birth more than twice. The majority of preeclampsia patients at Wonogiri Regional Hospital were severe preeclampsia patients (53.8%). A total of 59 pregnant women gave birth using the vaginal delivery method and 47 pregnant women gave birth using the cesarean method.   Maternal age and pregnancy history are factors related to the risk of preeclampsia which can influence the mother's delivery method. Further research is needed on risk factors for preeclampsia in a wider population so as to improve the health of mothers and babies during pregnancy
ANALISIS PROGRAM PEMBERDAYAAN EKONOMI MASYARAKAT MELALUI KEGIATAN KULIAH KERJA NYATA TEMATIK (KKNT) DI KABUPATEN WONOGIRI
Authors: Diansari Brillian Nur , Alia Akhmad Khabib , Setiyani Rahmawati
Published: June 2024

Community economic empowerment is one of the crucial aspects in efforts to improve the welfare and development of a region. Economic empowerment programs, such as Community Service Program, are an effective means of realizing this goal. This research aims to evaluate the effectiveness and impact of the community economic empowerment program through Community Service Program activities in the Wonogiri area. This research is qualitative field research with a phenomenological approach with data collection techniques in the form of observation, interviews and documentation. The data obtained is then processed and analyzed through data reduction, data presentation, and verification or drawing conclusions. The results of Community Service Program activities, although still faced with various challenges, are that the Community Service Program can be implemented smoothly. The conclusion in this research is that there needs to be a strong commitment from universities, local governments, community institutions and village communities themselves. With good cooperation and the right strategy, optimizing Community Service Program can realize inclusive and sustainable development in the village.
STRATEGI GURU MENGATASI PERILAKU DISRUPTIF SISWA DALAM PEMBELAJARAN DI SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Khotimah Nur
Published: June 2024

This research is motivated by the number of students who do disruptive activities duringin the classroom. The purpose of this study is to describe in detaildetail teachers' strategies regarding disruptive behavior in elementary school students. The method in this research is a single phenomenology or case study. The place of research was conducted at SD NegeriWidoro, Wonogiri Regency with 36 students as participant.The data collection techniques used in the research were observation and interviews. Instruments for data collection use observation and interview sheets which have been validated by experts. The data analysis techniques used include data reduction, data display, and data verification. The results showed that the contributing factors were the lack of motivation from the teacher, the teacher being negative towards students, inconsistent parenting patterns, lack of parental care for children, overprotective parents, and poor teaching quality. The teacher's strategy in overcoming disruptive behavior uses three approaches, namely behavioristic, cognitive, and humanistic.Students' preferences in dealing with disruptive behavior lie in the problem of learning styles that must be adapted to the way teachers teach their students.
PEMANFAATAN MEDIA WORDWALL UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR PESERTA DIDIK PADA MATA PELAJARAN BAHASA INDONESIA
Authors: Anindyawati Galuh Dwi
Published: June 2024

In the junior high school level,  Indonesian language subjects, students consider text and literature-based learning to have a high level of saturation. Especially when in an environment students have low literacy. In reality, language and literature learning is a subject that requires concentration and astuteness in understanding the meaning of texts, both fiction and non-fiction. This research aims to analyze the influence of Wordwall learning media in improving Indonesian language learning outcomes for students in class VIII A of SMP Negeri 1 Slogohimo. The subjects of this research were 24 students in class VIII A of SMP Negeri 1 Slogohimo. The research method uses a quantitative and qualitative approach (mixed method). The type of research is classroom action research with research stages consisting of planning, implementing actions, observing and reflecting. Research instruments with tests, observations and questionnaires. Research data obtained from the pretest and posttest is in the form of a percentage of each respondent's total score and the average. The research results show that there is an increase in learning outcomes with the application of Wordwall media
Histological study of ovary of indian major carp Labeo rohita (ham), in pond condition
Authors: Verma Anjali , Singh S.K.
Published: June 2024

The scientific management for obtaining high yield of fish production eventually calls for the adequate and indepth study of breeding mechanism. Month wise variations with reference to histomorphological changes in oocytes of a fresh water fish, Labeo rohita (Ham.) have been described. The different stages of oocytes development were examined microscopically. Five stages of oocytes development of Labeo rohita under study were identified. The matured ova were found in the month of May, June and July in the ovary of this fish.. KEYWORDS :Histology, Ovary, Labeo rohita (Ham.)
Anti- Leishmanial activity of a traditional Indian herbal plant agave Vivipara
Authors: S.N.pandey S.N.pandey , Keshri Dilip Kumar
Published: June 2024

Infection due to protozoa of the Genus Leishmania are a major world wide health problem with high endemicity in developing countries. Visceral leishmaniasis commonly called Kala azar which is caused by an intracellular parasite Leishmania donovani. This disease may be fatal when left untreated . In the present study, In vitro anti- leishmanial activitiy of Ethyl acetate , Methanolic , Benzene, and Chloroform extracts of Agave vivipara have been evaluated . Among those extracts Ethyl acetate of Agave vivipara shows effective antileishmanial activity against promastigote form of leishmanial donovani. Saponins present in Agave vivipara which may be responsible for inhibition the growth of parasites. It was found that IC 50 = 300 ?g /ml( 50% inhibition at 300 ?g /ml) and IC90 =400 ?g /ml ( complete inhibition at 400 ?g /ml). . KEYWORDS :Visceral leishmaniasis, Agave vivipara ,Leishmania donovani,
Improving the Speaking Ability with the Discussion Method in Social Sciences Subjects
Authors: Listiana Selvia
Published: June 2024

This research goal is to know whether students speaking ability could be improved through  On social science of Grade VI students of SD Negeri Angkasa I by using the discussion method. This type of research is classroom action research (CAR). The subjects in this study were students of class VI SDN Angkasa I, amounting to 23 students. The object of his research was students' speaking ability using the discussion method. The research design used is Kemmis and Mc. Taggart. This research was conducted in two cycles. Each action consists of three meetings. In each cycle there are four stages, namely planning, action, observation, and reflection. Data collection techniques in this study through verbal tests and observations. The data analysis technique used in this research is descriptive qualitative. The results showed that the discussion method can improve speaking skills in fifth grade students of SD Negeri Angkasa I. This can be seen in increasing students' speaking abilities. In the pre-cycle average value obtained was 69.34 (with the initial condition of only 6 students whose grades exceeded the KKM) the increase in the average value of the first cycle was 74.13 and an increase in completeness with an average of 80.17 in the cycle II.
Two Steps Forward?
Authors: Michková Karolina
Published: June 2024

On May 25 2024 the Advocate General Nicholas Emiliou delivered his opinion in the Case C-406/22 CV v Ministerstvo vnitra České republiky, Odbor azylové a migrační politiky on several issues regarding the application of the safe country of origin (SCO) concept. The case could have significant impact on SCO policies of several EU Member States and the rights of refugees as it addresses the possibility of designating countries as safe with territorial exceptions as well as a more active approach to judicial review of SCO designations. If adopted by the CJEU, the AG’s suggestions could serve to enhance refugee protection, though the adoption of the Pact on Migration and Asylum might possibly counteract this.