bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
POSTWAR SOLDIERS
Authors: Echternkamp Jörg
Published: April 2024

Contemporary historians have transformed our understanding of the German military in World War II, debunking the “clean Wehrmacht” myth that held most soldiers innocent of wartime atrocities. Considerably less attention has been paid to those soldiers at the end of hostilities. In Postwar Soldiers, Jörg Echternkamp analyzes three themes in the early history of West Germany: interpretations of the war during its conclusion and the occupation period; military veteran communities’ self-perceptions; and the public rehabilitation of the image of the German soldier. As Echternkamp shows, public controversies around these topics helped to drive the social processes that legitimized the democratic postwar order.
SUSTAINING INDIGENOUS SONGS
Authors: Curran Georgia
Published: April 2024

As an ethnography of Central Australian singing traditions and ceremonial contexts, this book asks questions about the vitality of the cultural knowledge and practices highly valued by Warlpiri people and fundamental to their cultural heritage. Set against a discussion of the contemporary vitality of Aboriginal musical traditions in Australia and embedded in the historical background of this region, the book lays out the features of Warlpiri songs and ceremonies, and centers on a focal case study of the Warlpiri Kurdiji ceremony to illustrate the modes in which core cultural themes are being passed on through song to future generations.
MIXED HARVEST
Authors: Swigart Rob
Published: April 2024

In unforgettable stories of the human journey, a combination of compelling storytelling and well-researched archaeology underscore an excavation into the deep past of human development and its consequences. Through a first encounter between a Neanderthal woman and the Modern Human to the emergence and destruction of the world’s first cities, Mixed Harvest tells the tale of the Neolithic Revolution, also called the (First) Agricultural Revolution, the most significant event since modern humans emerged. Rob Swigart’s latest work humanizes the rapid transition to agriculture and pastoralism with a grounding in the archaeological record.
SPACE, PLACE AND IDENTITY
Authors: Köhler Florian
Published: April 2024

Known as highly mobile cattle nomads, the Wodaabe in Niger are today increasingly engaged in a transformation process towards a more diversified livelihood based primarily on agro-pastoralism and urban work migration. This book examines recent transformations in spatial patterns, notably in the context of urban migration and in processes of sedentarization in rural proto-villages. The book analyses the consequences that the recent change entails for social group formation and collective identification, and how this impacts integration into wider society amid the structures of the modern nation state.
A DRAMATIC REINVENTION
Authors: Anderson Stewart
Published: April 2024

Following World War II, Germany was faced not only with the practical tasks of reconstruction and denazification, but also with the longer-term mission of morally “re-civilizing” its citizens—a goal that persisted through the nation’s 1949 split. One of the most important mediums for effecting reeducation was television, whose strengths were particularly evident in the thousands of television plays that were broadcast in both Germanys in the 1950s and 1960s. This book shows how TV dramas transcended state boundaries and—notwithstanding the ideological differences between East and West—addressed shared issues and themes, helping to ease viewers into confronting uncomfortable moral topics.
ON THE NERVOUS EDGE OF AN IMPOSSIBLE PARADISE
Authors: Little Kenneth
Published: April 2024

There are beastly forces in Belize. Forces that are actively involved in making paradise impossible. On the Nervous Edge of an Impossible Paradise is a collection of seven stories about local lives in the fictional village of Wallaceville. They turn rogue in the face of runaway forces that take the form and figure of a Belize beast-time, which can appear as a comic mishap, social ruin, tragic excess, or wild guesses. Inciting the affective politics of life in the region, this fable of emergence evokes the unnerving uncertainties of life in the tourist state of Belize.
RESETTLERS AND SURVIVORS
Authors: Fisher Gaëlle
Published: April 2024

Located on the border of present-day Romania and Ukraine, the historical region of Bukovina was the site of widespread displacement and violence as it passed from Romanian to Soviet hands and back again during World War II. This study focuses on two groups of “Bukovinians”—ethnic Germans and German-speaking Jews—as they navigated dramatically changed political and social circumstances in and after 1945. Through comparisons of the narratives and self-conceptions of these groups, Resettlers and Survivors gives a nuanced account of how they dealt with the difficult legacies of World War II, while exploring Bukovina’s significance for them as both a geographical location and a “place of memory.”
Effect of late spring frosts on the growth and development of garden strawberry
Authors: Zaika A. S. , Antipenko M. I. , Blednykh O. V.
Published: April 2024

The paper presents the results of research for 2022–2023, as well as the analysis of the eﬀect of prolonged negative late spring temperatures on garden strawberry on May 8-12, 2023. The research was aimed at evaluating garden strawberry varieties for a complex of economically valuable characteristics after exposure to prolonged late spring frosts on May 8–12, 2023. Objects of study included 14 garden strawberry varieties of foreign selection: NF 421, ‘Festivalnaya romashka’, ‘Florida Festival’, ‘Verona’, ‘Dely’, ‘Joli’, ‘Senga Sengana’ (k), ‘Sweetheart’, ‘Syria’, ‘Cabot’, ‘Elianni’, ‘Malvina’ and 2 varieties selected by the Institute: ‘Zvezdochka’ (k), ‘Zhanna’. The plants were planted on May 6, 2022, the survival rate accounted for 100%. The research was conducted in the Research Institute of Horticulture and Medicinal Plants “Zhigulyovskie sady” (Samara, Russia) on the collection variety plot in accordance with the generally accepted program and methodology of varietal study of fruit, berry and nut crops. The analysis of weather conditions for 2022–2023 was performed using the data of the Volga Department for Hydrometeorology and Environmental Monitoring (UGMS), with additional data obtained from the temperature and humidity control system located on the test plot in Malaya Tsarevshchina, Krasnoyarsky District, Samara Oblast. The varieties ‘Verona’, ‘Zvezdochka’ (k), ‘Cabot’, ‘Sweetheart’, ‘Festivalnaya Romashka’, and ‘Malvina’ demonstrated the highest resistance to late spring frosts according to the complex of characteristics. The main part of the varieties had 28-33% damage to ﬂowers and buds. The highest damage ﬁgure was revealed in the variety of the average maturity period NF 421 and the early variety ‘Zvezdochka’ (k). The late variety ‘Malvina’ did not suﬀer from frost.

The lowest degree of fruit deformation was observed in the varieties ‘Sweetheart’, ‘Zvezdochka’ (k), and ‘Malvina’. The greatest degree of freezing after exposure to low temperatures on May 8-12 was observed in the varieties ‘Dely’, ‘Joli’, ‘Florida Festival’ and ‘Elianni’. The best adaptive capacity according to the results of overall plant condition for the period 2022-2023 was shown by the varieties ‘Verona’, ‘Zvezdochka’ (k), ‘Senga Sengana’ (k), ‘Cabot’, ‘Sweetheart’, ‘Syria’. The highest average berry weight was recorded in NF 421 (19.5 g/bush). The highest productivity was observed in later ripening varieties – ‘Malvina’ (261.4 g/bush) and ‘Cabot’ (241.0 g/ bush), as well as in the control variety ‘Seng Sengana’ (k) (197.1 g/bush). The lowest indicators were reported in ‘Dely’ (50.1 g/bush) and ‘Florida Festival’ (29.0 g/bush). The genotype was revealed to inﬂuence the resistance to low late spring temperatures and recovery ability of plants after late spring frosts.
Evaluation of black currant dessert varieties and their progeny for anthracnose resistance
Authors: Sazonov F. F. , Nebroy K. J. , Sazonova I. D.
Published: April 2024

The paper presents the results of evaluation of varieties and elite forms of black currant with dessert ﬂavor of berries for resistance to anthracnose. Selection in hybrid and inbred progeny of anthracnose-resistant forms with fruits of dessert ﬂavor was carried out. The research was carried out at the collection and selection breeding plots of the Kokino base station, Federal Horticultural Center for Breeding, Agrotechnology and Nursery (Bryansk region). The object of the research involved 20 varieties from the genetic collection of black currants and 5 elite forms, with high-ﬂavored fruits (>4.5 points). Hybrid and inbred stock was obtained from hybridization, open and self-pollination in 2015-2016. Evaluation of black currant resistance to anthracnose was carried out in 2018 and subsequent seasons by visual estimation in ﬁeld conditions on a ﬁve-point scale, according to the generally accepted methodology for variety investigation. It has been established that years with a high value of the hydrothermal coeﬃcient (HTC>1.4) сcontribute to the greatest spread of anthracnose on blackcurrant plants. The research has identiﬁed the varieties with high ﬂavor of fruits as well as ﬁeld resistance to anthracnose (‘Dar Smolyaninovoy’, ‘Zelenaya Dymka’, ‘Malenkiy Prinz’, ‘Mriya-5’, ‘Podarok Veteranam’). The best combinations of crosses were identiﬁed to further select dessert forms with high resistance to the pathogen (Chelyabinskaya×-Dar Smolyaninovoy, 10-141-2 ×Partizanka Bryanskaya, 5-4-2/08×Mriya-3, etc.). The highest ﬂavor scores were given to anthracnose resistant selected forms #9-101-01 (Tiben×Selechenskaya 2), 4-57-01, 4-197-05 (Myth×Litvinovskaya), 5-57-03 (Strelets×Mriya), 5-37-03 (Debryansk×Dar Smolyaninovoy), 4-18-01, 4-18-02 (10-141-2×Partizanka Bryanskaya), 1-3-02 (Mriya-5 open pollination) and others.
The philosophy of canon law I. Philosophy as the cognition of law
Authors: Задорнов Александр
Published: April 2024

Философия права — раздел философии и правовой науки, изучающий основания права, а также его связи с другими нормативными системами — в том числе этикой и практической теологией. В последнем случае философия права выступает в качестве юриспруденции, взаимодействующей с правовыми аспектами экклезиологии в виде канонического права. В настоящей статье, открывающей цикл учебно-методических публикаций по философии канонического права, рассматриваются философия как способ вопрошания о сущем и применение философской рефлексии к выяснению правовых начал.

Philosophy of law is a section of philosophy and legal science that studies the foundations of law, as well as its relationship to other normative systems - including ethics and practical theology. In the latter case, philosophy of law acts as jurisprudence interacting with the legal aspects of ecclesiology in the form of canon law. This article, which opens a series of teaching publications on the philosophy of canon law, examines philosophy as a way of questioning the essence and the application of philosophical reflection to the elucidation of legal principles.
State requirements for sports facilities in educational institutions of higher theological education
Authors: Лескин Пётр Андреевич
Published: April 2024

Статья посвящена анализу основных документов, связанных с требованиями к объектам спорта в образовательных организациях высшего образования. В статье обозначены федеральные законы и иные нормативные документы, которые устанавливают требования к проведению занятий по физической культуре и спорту в высших учебных заведениях. Дальше разбираются основные требования к помещениям для проведения спортивных занятий, среди которых рассматривается территория, сопутствующие помещения и требования к ним, требования к объёмным характеристикам спортивного зала, используемые покрытия и расположение спортивного инвентаря.

The article is devoted to the analysis of the main documents related to the requirements for sports facilities in educational institutions of higher education. The article outlines federal laws and other regulatory documents that establish requirements for conducting physical culture and sports classes in higher educational institutions. Further, the basic requirements for premises for sports activities are analyzed, among which the territory, related premises and requirements for them, requirements for the volumetric characteristics of the sports hall, the coatings used and the location of sports equipment are considered.
Basic conditions for relations between Local Orthodox Churches: canonical analysis
Authors: Поляков Николай Александрович
Published: April 2024

В настоящее время отношения между Поместными Православными Церквями, вопреки заповеди Спасителя о любви (Мк. 12, 31), складываются зачастую не в соответствии с заповеданным евангельским принципом. Прослеживается конфронтация между различными Поместными Православными Церквями, которая не позволяет им пребывать в евхаристическом и каноническом единстве. Главным образом, это связанно с нарушением некоторыми Поместными Церквями норм канонического права, которые являются доминирующим источником права межцерковного правового регулирования. В данной статье осуществлена попытка экстракции условий отношений между Поместными Православными Церквями, посредством анализа различных канонических норм. Приводятся конкретные условия, благодаря которым Поместные Православные Церкви смогут выстраивать свои межличностные отношения в позитивном ключе.  

At present, relations between the Local Orthodox Churches, contrary to the commandment of the Savior about love (Mark 12:31), often develop not in accordance with the commanded evangelical principle. There is a confrontation between the various Local Orthodox Churches, which does not allow them to be in Eucharistic and canonical unity. This is mainly due to the violation by some Local Churches of the norms of canon law, which are the dominant source of law for interchurch legal regulation. This article attempts to extract the conditions of relations between the Local Orthodox Churches through the analysis of various canonical norms. Specific conditions are given, thanks to which the Local Orthodox Churches will be able to build their interpersonal relations in a positive way.
III National Annual Scientific-Ecclesiastical Conference «Justinian’s Readings»
Authors: Задорнов Александр
Published: April 2024

27–28 ноября 2022 года кафедра церковно-практических дисциплин Московской духовной академии провела III Всероссийскую ежегодную научно-практическую конференцию «Юстиниановские чтения», посвященную вопросам канонического права и литургики.

On 27-28 November 2022, the Department of Church-Practical Disciplines of the Moscow Theological Academy held the III All-Russian Annual Scientific and Practical Conference "Justinian's Readings" devoted to the issues of canon law and liturgics.
Morphological and clinical findings in placentas and newborns with a history of tobacco, alcohol, and other substance abuse during pregnancy
Authors: Mendez-Reyes H.F. , Franco-Olaya M. , Canon-Cubillos O. , Uribe-Lopez J.M. , Delgado-Alvarez M.C. , Velasquez-Portilla M. , Olaya-C M.
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND:

Exposure to toxins during pregnancy is the main modifiable behavior that affects the placenta and, consequently, the fetus. In particular, smoking is a recognized risk factor for negative outcomes. Our study pretended to examine gross and microscopic placental features in women who reported exposure to tobacco, alcohol, or other psychoactive substances.

METHODS:

In this observational case-control study, we collected 706 placentas to assess precise substance exposure histological-interaction features of in the placenta. We examined gross and microscopic placental features, and then recorded maternal and newborn clinical conditions.

RESULTS:

We found that 4.8% of mothers admitted to consumption of some type of (harmful) substance. The most common pre-existing maternal condition was obesity (20.3%); predominant complications included amniotic infection (32.3%), urinary tract infection (14.5%) and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (14.5%). In newborns, we discovered positive associations as respiratory distress syndrome. Macroscopically, exposed mothers had heavier placentas, more true knots, and single umbilical artery; microscopically, they were more likely to exhibit fetal vascular malperfusion (FVM).

CONCLUSIONS:

Until our present study, no research linked umbilical cord defects to toxic substance exposure; our study results do confirm association with adverse outcomes in neonates and alterations in the neuro-cardio-placental circuit through FVM.

IMPLICATIONS:

The results are confirming the importance of this modifiable risk factor and how its presence may potentially affect the course of pregnancy, as well as the health of both mother and child.
A rare case of methemoglobinemia in a preterm newborn with unclear etiology
Authors: Abu Zahra M. , Jaber Dunia Z. , Badran Eman F.
Published: April 2024

Cyanosis is a bluish discoloration of the tissues due to increased levels of deoxygenated hemoglobin in capillaries. It is a common finding in newborn infants that can be caused by different diseases, including pulmonary, cardiac, infectious, and hematological disorders. Methemoglobinemia is a rare cause of cyanosis, in which hemoglobin is oxidized, changing its heme iron configuration from the ferrous (Fe2 +) to the ferric (Fe3 +) state, creating methemoglobin (Met-Hb), a form that does not bind oxygen, leading to decreased oxygen delivery to the tissues and cyanosis. We report a rare case of a preterm newborn, who developed cyanosis and worsening hypoxemia on day ten of life, she was found to have elevated Met-Hb percentage in blood gas analysis that required treatment with intravenous methylene blue. Her symptoms resolved after a period of maintenance treatment with oral methylene blue and ascorbic acid, and the etiology of her disease remains unclear.
Digital Rights and Women's Empowerment in Pakistan: An Analysis of Contemporary Islamic Legal Perspectives in the Age of Social Media
Authors: Akmal Zainab , Usmani Sheikh Adnan Ahmed
Published: April 2024

The examination of the convergence between digital rights and women's empowerment is conducted within the socio-legal framework in Pakistan, with particular emphasis on the influence of contemporary Islamic legal perspectives amidst increased social media engagement. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the evolving dynamics of women's participation in the digital space and the attendant impact on empowerment in Pakistan. The analysis discussed the origins and expansion of digital landscape and the influence of social media on people's lives. The qualitative study focused on Islamic teachings and the implications for rules in the digital world. In addition, data was collected through interviews with several women of different ages and backgrounds. Social media and digital platforms offered access to information, education, and opportunities for skills development. The results showed that women used digital platforms for entrepreneurship and economic empowerment. This supported economic independence and ethical business practices, in line with Islamic principles to seize opportunities. In the face of challenges and opportunities, the ethical dimensions were considered from an Islamic perspective. Emphasizing values such as justice, privacy, dignity, and the pursuit of knowledge could guide efforts to promote digital rights for women's empowerment in line with Islamic principles.
Contemporary Islamic Law in Indonesia: the Fulfillment of Child Custody Rights in Divorce Cases Caused by Early Marriage
Authors: Idris Ahmad Rusyaid , Khusaini Muhammad , Al-Mansyuri Syaiful Anwar
Published: April 2024

A marriage license in Indonesia is only allowed to be granted to a man and woman from age 19 and above. The aim is to prevent early marriages which are very vulnerable to divorce due to the psychological immaturity of the couple. For example, Kotagajah Timur was observed to have a common case of divorce among underage people that married due to pregnancy outside of marriage. Therefore, this descriptive-analytical field study was conducted based on a phenomenological method. Moreover, data were collected using observation, interviews, and documentation. The results showed that divorcees from early marriages were unable to fulfill the provisions of Child Custody Rights. This was observed from the fact that the couple did not provide the required child protection after the divorce in addition to the non-fulfillment of other rights such as Nasab, Nafkah, Care (Hadhanah), and Child Education Patterns. Furthermore, the mother is required by the law to have full custody while the father provides living expenses. This requirement is observed to have been ignored because the mother is underage and lacks the maturity to perform the necessary obligations such as caring for and educating the children. Therefore, the children are discovered to be under the care of the parents of the mother.
Reviving the Essence of Jihad in the Contemporary Era: Advocating Struggle and Solidarity for Palestine Through Boycott of Pro-Israel Products
Authors: Samudra Fawes , Zaman Akhmad Roja Badrus , Mukti Digdo Aji
Published: April 2024

The humanitarian plight of the Palestinian people is stirring global sympathy, resulting in various forms of support. Among these actions is the pro-Israel boycott movement, endorsed by Muslim scholars and intellectuals through the issuance of fatwas. Therefore, this research analyzes the conceptualization of boycotting pro-Israel products within the framework of Islamic Jihad. The literature discussing the concept of boycotts in Islam and the product movement for humanity is explored using library research methodology. The results show that contemporary Jihad includes military, political, economic, and boycott efforts. In addition, the movement is developed as a manifestation of Jihad against injustice and human rights violations according to individual capacities and circumstances. This research positions boycotts as a novel facet of Jihad in the modern era, contributing to the multifaceted nature beyond traditional warfare paradigms.
Contemporary Islamic Politics in Tunisia: The Journey of Islamic Democracy Post-Arab Spring
Authors: Ash Shiddieqy Ahmad , Simamora Padlan Padil , Madina Dinda Difia
Published: April 2024

This study aimed to examine contemporary Islamic politics in Tunisia, specifically the democratic system Post-Arab Spring. The political struggle of Muslim countries triggered the Arab Spring movement, with Tunisia pioneering a Jasmine Revolution from 2010-2011 to obtain global attention. Furthermore, the investigation constitutes a literature review to analyze contemporary Islamic politics in Tunisia, specifically Post-Arab Spring. The influence of Islamic politics is an important issue, specifically in strengthening demands for democracy by analyzing the struggle in Tunisia. Therefore, this study provides the main focus of state democracy, which is a phenomenon of historical studies and political struggles. The analysis process is carried out in four stages, namely source finding, criticism, interpretation, and writing. The results show that there is a harmonious coexistence between Islam and democracy in Tunisia compared to other countries in the Middle East. The principles of democracy are evident in the organization of elections, freedom of speech, religious tolerance, and recognition of gender equality.
Legal Policy for Women Workers in Indonesia: A Review of Contemporary Islamic Law
Authors: Hakimi Abdul Rahim , Widyasari S Citra , Mukarramah Mukarramah , Sari Rahma Pramudya Nawang
Published: April 2024

The Indonesian government issued Regulation in Lieu of Law (Perppu) Number 2 Year 2022 on Job Creation by amending several contents of the regulation. After the issuance of the regulation, attention has been focused on the regulation of the protection of women in law. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the effect of Government Regulation on Job Creation regarding the welfare of women workers in the review of contemporary Islamic law through siyāsah dusturiyāh. The analysis was conducted through library study, using data sources acquired from the literature pertaining to the Government Regulation in Lieu of Law on Job Creation. The results showed that in contemporary Islamic legal study, the concept of siyāsah dusturiyāh emphasized policy formation to achieve benefits measured through Maqasid Shari'ah. According to Perppu, every citizen was able to secure employment and receive fair as well as dignified compensation and treatment in labor relations, including the protection of women workers. However, several aspects did not work in accordance with the objectives and had a negative impact on women workers. These included the threat of low wages, the expansion of the outsourcing system, and the obligation of prolonged leave, which no longer persisted. In this context, Perpu was not consistent with the purpose of the benefit of women workers.
The Comparative study of Python Libraries for Natural Language Processing (NLP)
Authors: Dr.  Dhara Ashish Darji  , Dr. Sachinkumar Anandpal Goswami
Published: April 2024

Natural Language Processing (NLP) has seen significant advancements in recent years, driven largely by the availability of powerful Python libraries. This comparative study aims to analyze and compare the performance, language support, community support and ease of use of many popular Python libraries for NLP like NLTK (Natural Language Toolkit), spaCy, TextBlob, Flair, Jina, Gensim etc. The study evaluates these libraries across various NLP tasks such as tokenization, part-of-speech tagging, named entity recognition, sentiment analysis, and text summarization. Additionally, the paper discusses the strengths and weaknesses of each library, providing insights into their suitability for different NLP applications. Through detailed experimentation and analysis, this study aims to guide researchers and practitioners in selecting the most appropriate library for their NLP projects.
Breast Cancer and Lesion Detection using Machine Learning : A Review
Authors: Apurva P. Hadke  , Dr. (Ms.) T. U. Pathan
Published: April 2024

Breast Breast cancer poses a significant global health concern, with approximately 2.2 million new cases and 700,000 deaths reported in 2020. Traditional diagnostic approaches which predominantly depend on expert judgement, have been associated with substantial variability in accuracy. To bridge this gap ML models are used to improve diagnostic out of which the present research investigates the potential of specific machine learning algorithms—D cancer remains one of the most common cancers among women globally, necessitating early detection to improve prognosis and survival rates. Recent advancements in machine learning (ML) have shown promise in enhancing the accuracy and efficiency of breast cancer and lesion detection. This review paper discusses the current methodologies, challenges, and future directions of ML applications in the detection and diagnosis of breast cancer. We analyze various ML algorithms used for analyzing mammograms, ultrasound, and MRI data, evaluating their effectiveness and applicability in clinical settings.
Theoretical Approaches to Process Validation in Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Process
Authors: Richa Shukla  , Dr. Nimita Manocha  , Dr. Gurmeet Singh Chhabra
Published: April 2024

Under the more general statutory CGMP provisions of section 501(a)(2)(B) of the Federal Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act, validation of manufacturing processes is deemed a legal part of current good manufacturing practice for active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs). Validation of manufacturing processes is required by the Current Good Manufacturing Practice (CGMP) regulations for finished pharmaceuticals (21 CFR 211.100 and 211.110). A medication should be created that is suitable for its intended purpose, according to the fundamental tenet of quality assurance. Procedure Validation is the collection and estimation of data that proves a process can reliably produce high-quality goods, starting with process design and continuing through commercial production. Three stages of validation are suggested by the 2011 USFDA process validation guideline - Process design, Process qualification, Continued Process qualification. An introduction and broad review of process validation in the pharmaceutical manufacturing process, specifically in the tablet manufacturing process, are provided in this article. Process validation ensures that a process will consistently create a product that meets its predefined quality features and qualities. It is a crucial step in the design, prototyping, and manufacturing processes. Since quality is always a necessary precondition for any product, pharmaceuticals must be produced to the greatest standards of quality. Furthermore, end-product testing does not ensure the product's quality on its own; rather, quality assurance methods need to be applied to incorporate the product's quality throughout the whole process, rather than only testing it at the conclusion.
Osteoartritte Eklem İçi Hyaluronik Asit Enjeksiyonlarının Güvenliği: Sistematik Bir Gözden Geçirme ve Klinik Kullanımlarının Değerlendirmesi
Authors: Seçkin Umut Doğu , Germiyan Özgün Selim , Uyanıkgil Yiğit
Published: April 2024

Osteoartrit (OA), dünya genelinde yetişkinlerde yaygın olarak görülen kronik bir eklem hastalığıdır ve ağrı, hareket kısıtlılığı ve yaşam kalitesinde düşüşle karakterize edilir. OA'nın patofizyolojisi, eklem kıkırdağının aşınması ve altındaki kemikteki değişikliklerle ilgilidir, bu da eklem fonksiyonunun bozulmasına ve ağrıya yol açar. Günümüzde OA tedavisinde, semptomatik rahatlama sağlamak ve eklem fonksiyonunu iyileştirmek için çeşitli yöntemler kullanılmaktadır. Bunlar arasında farmakolojik olmayan yaklaşımlar, analjezikler, non steroidal anti-inflamatuar ilaçlar (NSAİİ) ve eklem içi enjeksiyonlar bulunur. Eklem içi hyaluronik asit (HA) enjeksiyonları, özellikle ilaç tedavisine yanıt vermeyen veya cerrahi müdahale için uygun olmayan OA hastalarında popüler bir tedavi seçeneğidir. HA enjeksiyonlarının etkinliği ve güvenliği üzerine yapılan çalışmalar çeşitli sonuçlar ortaya koymuştur. Bazı klinik çalışmalar, HA enjeksiyonlarının OA semptomlarını hafifletmede etkili olduğunu ve eklem fonksiyonunu iyileştirdiğini göstermektedir. Bu çalışmalar, HA'nın eklemlerdeki ağrıyı azalttığını ve hareket kabiliyetini artırdığını belirtmektedir. Eklem içi HA enjeksiyonlarının klinik kullanımı, hastanın genel sağlık durumu, OA'nın şiddeti ve diğer tedavi yöntemlerine yanıtı gibi faktörlere bağlı olarak değişkenlik gösterir. Bu bağlamda, eklem içi HA enjeksiyonlarının OA tedavisindeki rolünü değerlendiren sistematik bir gözden geçirme, mevcut bilimsel kanıtları, tedavinin etkinliğini ve güvenliğini objektif bir şekilde değerlendirmeye olanak tanır. Ayrıca, bu gözden geçirme, farklı hasta grupları üzerindeki etkileri ve potansiyel riskleri kapsamlı bir şekilde inceleyerek, klinik karar verme sürecine önemli katkılar sağlayabilir. Bu nedenle, eklem içi HA enjeksiyonlarının OA tedavisindeki yeri, halen önemli bir araştırma ve tartışma konusudur. Bu derleme makalede sodyum hyaluronat bazlı jellerin tanımlamaları ve gözden geçirilmesi, güvenlik süreçleri ve klinik kullanımlarının değerlendirilmesi ele alınmıştır.
¿Campo de concentración o colonización?
Authors: De Jesus Oliveira Marcos
Published: April 2024

Este ensayo tiene como objetivo presentar dos paradigmas importantes que informan parte del debate contemporáneo sobre los derechos humanos, a saber, el paradigma del campo de concentración —en el que se encuentran pensadores como Hannah Arendt, Giorgio Agamben, Judith Butler y, en menor medida, Michel Foucault— y el paradigma de la colonización —al que están vinculados Aimé Césaire, Frantz Fanon, Walter Mignolo y Achille Mbembe—. Para alcanzar el objetivo, comenzaremos con una breve presentación de la versión hegemónica del discurso de los derechos humanos y sus principales suposiciones. Se toma el pensamiento del politólogo Norberto Bobbio como modelo de esta perspectiva predominante. Luego, se exponen algunas de las ideas principales del paradigma del campo de concentración, sin perder de vista las diferencias entre los pensadores del grupo, y se las confronta con reflexiones de los pensadores que se atrevieron a sacar la colonización del lugar del “simple” evento histórico para elevarla a un estado teórico-metodológico con consecuencias por repensar las relaciones entre modernidad y derecho. Finalmente, se sugiere la necesidad de un diálogo interepistémico entre ambos paradigmas como una manera de ampliar las gramáticas de la dignidad en un mundo cada vez más marcado por la falta de respeto a los derechos humanos.
ВИМІРЮВАННЯ ФІНАНСОВОЇ СТАБІЛЬНОСТІ: ПОШУК ЗАСОБІВ РЕАГУВАННЯ НА ВИКЛИКИ ТА ЗАГРОЗИ
Authors: Парфентьєва Олена
Published: April 2024

Транспортно-логістична галузь належить до важливих секторів національної економіки, що у тому числі відображається у вартості капіталу, залученого у діяльність галузевих компаній. Частка власного капіталу компаній транспортно-логістичного сектору економіки становить понад десяту частину вартості власного капіталу залученого в економіку в цілому. За даними переставленого ретроспективного аналізу, який дозволяє діагностувати загальні тенденції та логіку структурного розподілу сукупностей значень показників, а також додаткової інформації Державної служби статистики України можна розрахувати вимірники центральної тенденції структури капіталу компаній транспортно-логістичного сектору економіки та побудувати модель формування структури капіталу та фінансової стабільності.
Fleeting Public Place and Lasting Communities
Authors: Rawhani Carmel
Published: April 2024

South Africa’s history of purposefully segregated public space as a stage on which the anti-cohesion ideals of various colonial governments played out is well known. What is less known is the rich history of public space resistance which accompanies this, particularly that of the People’s Parks. These collectively driven public places which emerged as pop-ups in public space captured the imagination of communities seeking to activate new norms departing from state-enforced segregation. Reading current public space through the lens of the People’s Parks thus presents an opportunity to uncover and better understand the existence and impact of fleeting places in public space, with lasting impacts in terms of building engaging communities. Drawing on immersive participant observation in Johannesburg’s Killarney Park, this paper focuses on a community of local residents and their dogs. Brought together first by their pets but later by strong in-group social bonds, this group demonstrates the potential for communities to grow from and in public space entirely organically, not reliant on infrastructure or physical planning and design interventions. Instead, an often invisible and seemingly intangible place is created with very real dimensions for those who co-create it once a day in coming together. This paper explores the space that is Killarney Park, and the place that is the dog walkers’ circle, in an effort to better understand these dynamics and suggest possibilities for further research on public space in Africa.
Fostering Functional Public Open Space within Low-income, Post-Apartheid Environments
Authors: Arnold Anees
Published: April 2024

Public open space is fundamental to the lives of residents within low-income post-apartheid settlements. With the prioritisation of the provision of housing post-apartheid, limited consideration has been given to the public realm and the functioning of public open space. It is essential that we regard the public realm as an integral component to the lives of the people who inhabit these environments. Because of the living conditions, large portions of people's lives are conducted outside of this prioritised private realm. It is evident that public spaces within these environments become neglected due to a lack of ownership and management. The intention of this paper is to find principles of enhancing public life through encouraging shared open spaces. Delft South, a post-apartheid suburb on the periphery of Cape Town, is a representation of how the legacy of apartheid persists within the landscape. Using the case of Delft South, this paper highlights the attitude towards the provision and upkeep of public open space by the state whilst foregrounding its importance to the lives and livelihoods of residents. Qualitative research analysis is conducted within the area to elicit how the current open space network is used and to grasp the consequences of a lack of public open space provision. The use of the public open space network by school children plays a significant role in the public life of the area. Using this analysis and further theoretical unpacking, this paper seeks to elicit principles of fostering functional open space within post-apartheid South Africa.
Shaping the Public Space Discourse with the Global South
Authors: Bravo Luisa
Published: April 2024

When I presented The Journal of Public Space at Habitat III, the United Nations Conference on Housing and Sustainable Urban Development, in Quito (2016), during an event at the Urban Library, I made it very clear that the partnership that City Space Architecture had established with UN-Habitat inspired our mission to give voice to unheard countries in order to include them in the discourse on public space. At the beginning of 2022 The Journal of Public Space launched a call for papers inviting scholars, designers, planners, city practitioners, historians and writers to offer critical and innovative contributions to understanding meanings and practices in plural and diverse African spaces, contexts, climates, regional and local scales, and histories. The issue was intended to contribute to the establishment of the Centre on African Public Spaces (CAPS), a project initiated by the City of Johannesburg (South Africa) in collaboration with other African cities, universities and community advocacy groups. As a Pan-African urban lab for public space, CAPS was designed to be a home and resource to a community of urban practitioners and thinkers, students, scholars and civil society activists dedicated to connect, exchange experiences, advance knowledge, share resources, grow expertise and mobilize on a wide range of relevant local, regional and global issues. In response to the call for papers we received 70 submissions. We shortlisted 27 papers for this issue and we invited African scholars to serve as peer reviewers and to support the production of quality contents. The peer review process involved more than 60 African scholars and two African guest editors, for more than one year.
A solidão docente na Educação Básica on-line
Authors: Demartini Susana Seidel , Amaral-Rosa Marcelo , Cerutti Elisabete
Published: April 2024

O foco deste artigo recai sobre as percepções de professores da Educação Básica a respeito da solidão docente nas aulas on-line do modelo remoto emergencial, que ocorreu durante a pandemia da COVID-19. O objetivo foi compreender a solidão docente nas aulas on-line, com vista a identificar os principais desafios e possíveis superações encontrados pelos professores. Para isso, a pesquisa teve abordagem qualitativa com a aplicação de um questionário aberto. Os participantes foram seis professores da Educação Básica, anos iniciais, finais e nível médio, da rede pública e privada. A análise foi realizada por meio da Análise Textual Discursiva. Os resultados emergiram em três categorias finais, por meio das quais foi possível compreender as dificuldades enfrentadas pelos docentes durante as aulas on-line, suas estratégias para superá-las e os sentimentos envolvidos nesse processo.
Portlandcementek kötési idejének meghatározása féldiabatikus kalorimetriás módszerrel
Authors: Baranyi Attila , Kopecskó Katalin , Csetényi László
Published: April 2024

A cement kötési ideje (kötés kezdete és kötés vége) meghatározásának legelterjedtebb vizsgálati módszerei a különböző penetrációs eljárások, ezek közül az egyik legfontosabb a Vicat-módszer, amelyet jelenleg is a cement szabványos (EN 196-3) kötési idejének a meghatározására alkalmaznak. Léteznek azonban alternatív módszerek, amelyek segítségével a cement kötési folyamata nyomon követhető, és kiküszöbölhetők a Vicat-módszer jellegéből fakadó problémák, mint a szakaszos mérés, a szabványos folyósságú cementpéptől eltérő összetételű cementpépek, ill. a habarcsok és betonok vizsgálhatósága. Az egyik ilyen módszer a féladiabatikus kalorimetria (semi adiabatic calorimetry, SAC), amely megfelelő körülmények között a penetráción alapuló vizsgálatok alternatívája lehet. Jelen tanulmányunkban a DunaDráva Cement Kft. által készített CEM I 42,5 N típusú, Vácon és Beremenden gyártott cementek kötési idejének féladiabatikus kalorimetriával történő meghatározását vizsgáltuk négy különböző (0,25 - 0,31) víz/ cement tényező (v/c) mellett. A mérések során megállapítást nyert, hogy az adott típusú cementek kötési idejének és a hőfejlődés maximális sebességének eléréséig eltelt idő aránya, azonos v/c mellett közel állandó, amely lehetővé teszi a portlandcementek kötési idejének egyszerű és olcsó rutinméréseinek kivitelezését.
Megújuló energia előállítására és időszakos tárolására alkalmas mobil platform vizsgálata
Authors: Rátkai Márton
Published: April 2024

Korunk egyik legnagyobb problémája a folyamatosan növekvő energiaigény és annak kielégítése. Az emberiség ezt az energiát elsősorban fosszilis tüzelőanyagok elégetésével nyerte, és nyeri ma is. Az energiaárak növekedése, a környezetszennyezés és az éghajlatváltozás problémája azonban egyre inkább elősegíti az alternatív megoldások térnyerését. A hidrogén és a biogáz például jóval kisebb környezeti terhelést okoznak, mint a hagyományos energiahordozók. Más alternatív megoldásokkal, például napenergiával ötvözve ezeket a környezeti terhelés tovább mérsékelhető, és kezelhetővé válhatnak a megújuló forrásoknál gyakori problémák, az energiatermelés és -felhasználás időbeli különbözősége, az energiatárolás is. Munkám célja egy olyan energiatermelő és -tároló berendezés lehetőségének vizsgálata volt, amely napelemek segítségével hidrogént állít elő. Ezt tárolás után biogázzal keverve vagy önmagában felhasználva villamos energia állítható elő egy mobil, konténerizált kialakítás keretében. Ezáltal képesek vagyunk a napenergiát tárolni, és tetszőleges időpontban felhasználni. Öt változattal foglalkoztam, melynek során a különböző megvalósítási lehetőségek energetikai vizsgálatát és összehasonlítását, illetve az ehhez kapcsolódó gazdasági számításokat végeztem el. A legjobbnak a nagyméretű, gázkeverékes változat bizonyult. A villamos teljesítményre vonatkozó fajlagos költsége ennek volt a legalacsonyabb, a tárolható energiára vonatkozó pedig a második legalacsonyabb. A megtérülési időt is figyelembe véve, amely ennél volt a legrövidebb, az egyetlen, jelenlegi körülmények között gazdaságosan megvalósítható változatnak bizonyult. Egyetlen jelentősebb hátránya, hogy csak ott használható, ahol elegendő, külső forrásból biztosítható biogáz áll rendelkezésre.
Dilution Effect on the Investigation of Soil Organic Matter Quality in UV-VIS Spectra
Authors: Sebők András , Boros Norbert , Dálnoki Anna Boglárka , Gulyás Miklós , Lehoczky Éva , Tury Rita , Takács Anita
Published: April 2024

A talajok szervesanyag tartalma számos területen jelenik meg, mint tényező. Ismerete segíti a pontosabb modellek kidolgozását, a hatékonyabb előrejelzések, becslések alkalmazását. Míg a szervesanyag mennyisége jól jellemezhető, addig komoly kihívást jelent a talaj szervesanyag-minőségének meghatározása. Erre vonatkozóan (főleg a szervesanyag-kivonatok spektrális elemzésén alapuló) számos módszert fejlesztettek ki, például az E4/6[465/665 nm] vagy az E2/3[250/365 nm] arányt. A kivonatok ultraibolya és látható fény (UV-VIS) spektrumai (200-900 nm) exponenciális görbéket alkotnak, amelyekből a kiválasztott pontokon mért adatokból levezetett arány a szerves anyag molekulaméret-eloszlásáról (a huminsavak és a fulvosavak aránya) ad információt. A hagyományos E4/6értékek általában jó információt adnak a szerves anyagok minőségi eloszlásáról. Ha a minták valamilyen zavaró tényezőt tartalmaznak, a két pont arányán alapuló hagyományos megközelítések számos problémát rejthetnek magukban. A bemutatott EFA (Exponenciális illesztés módszere) azonban sokkal megbízhatóbb és megismételhetőbb eredményeket ad, több száz pont illesztésével. Az EFA kevésbé érzékeny a minták hígítási különbségeire, amelyek esetében megbízhatóbbnak (vagy legalább ugyanolyan jónak) bizonyult, mint a hagyományos módszer. Ezért használata javíthatja a szervesanyag-minőség meghatározásának pontosságát és megismételhetőségét.
Analysis of Phosphate Adsorption Based on Acid-base Processes
Authors: Dálnoki Anna Boglárka , Sebők András , Boros Norbert , Gulyás Miklós , Tury Rita , Takács Anita , Rétháti Gabriella , Czinkota Imre , Issa Ibrahim
Published: April 2024

Jelen tanulmányban egy egyszerű módszert dolgoztunk ki a felületi ioncsere-folyamatok vizsgálatára -ahol a talajrészecskék felületéről a megkötött foszfátionok által távozó hidrogén-és hidroxidionok mennyiségét tudtuk mérni. Ezt a fajta vizsgálatot a szakirodalomban pH-változással követték -ami sokkal kevésbé pontos eredményeket ad -mint a felületi ionmérleg számítása. A talajmintákat KH2PO4oldattal rázattuk három ismétlésben 0 -4 -8 -12 -16 -20 -24 -32 -40 -48 -56 -64 -72 -88 és 100 mg/l P-tartalommal. Két óra rázást követően a mintákat centrifugáltuk és a P-tartalmat fotometriás módszerrel határoztuk meg. Az egyensúlyi oldatokfoszforkoncentrációját a talajfoszfor adszorpciós izotermájának meghatározására használtuk. Az elválasztott egyensúlyi oldatokból és az adszorpcióhoz használt eredeti oldatokból a hidrogénion-tartalmat a laboratóriumunkban tervezett nagy érzékenységű potenciometriás titrátorral -0,01 M NaOH oldat hozzáadásával határoztuk meg. A kis mennyiségű híg oldatokra kapott -más módszerekkel nehezen értékelhető titrálási görbéket egy saját fejlesztésű számítógépes programmal értékeltük ki a görbe inflexiós pontjainak -azaz az ekvivalenciapontoknak a meghatározására. Az oldatból hiányzó hidrogénionok mennyiségét a megkötött foszfor mennyiségének függvényében ábrázoltuk. Az adatok azt mutatják -hogy a talajhoz adott KH2PO4-oldat hidrogénion-tartalmának az egyensúlyi állapot után mért változása a megkötött foszfátionok mólszámának háromszorosával egyenlő. Az illesztett egyenes meredeksége 0,35, a korrelációs együttható pedig 0,95 volt. Ez azt jelenti -hogy minden egyes mólnyi megkötött foszfáthoz három mólnyi OH-ion deszorpciós folyamata vagy három mólnyi megkötött H+-ionnak megfelelő mennyiség társul. Formálisan ez a mólarány kifejezi a töltés nélküli foszforsavmolekulák kötődését a talajfelszínen. Méréseink alapján az adott körülmények között a különböző hidrogén-foszfátionok megkötésére többféle kötődési mechanizmus feltételezhető. Az eredmények azt mutatják -hogy egyes kémiai reakciók kizárhatók -bár mások megállapíthatók. A foszfátformák adszorpciója során a talajfelszínen csak ioncsere-reakciók játszódnak le -amelyek nem járnak felületi töltésváltozással -és a különböző hidrogén-foszfát anionok hidroxidionokra cserélődnek.