bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Comparative Study of Tubeless versus Standard Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy (PCNL) – A Randomized Controlled Study
Authors: Nawaz Ali , Kaku Singh Akoijam , Khumukcham Somarendra
Published: August 2022

Introduction: The tubeless percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) procedure is defined as non-placement of double-J stent at the end of procedure. There are numerous advantages of placement of nephrostomy tube as in standard PCNL like adequate renal drainage, tamponade effect for bleeding and relook PCNL. Aim: This study aims to determine the effectiveness, safety, and morbidity of tubeless PCNL by comparing it to the standard PCNL technique. Methodology: It was a randomized controlled study conducted over a period of two years from (October 2019 to November 2021). All the patients aged 18-65 years of age with stone size of 1- 2.5cm who underwent PCNL in our department were included. The patients were allocated into two groups Group A (Tubeless PCNL) and group B (Standard PCNL). The randomization was done by block randomization method with sealed envelope system. Results: The mean age in Group A was 37.94±12.7 years and group B 39.38±11.91 years. The mean stone size in (Group A20.56±2.87mm, Group B- 21.54±2.63) and both were comparable. The mean operative time in (Group A was 47.68 min±5.27, Group B 49.72min±5.18) with insignificant result. The mean drop in haemoglobin was (Group A- 0.70gm% and Group B- 0.79 gm %) and requirement of blood transfusion was in (Group A- 5(10%) & Group B- 8(16%) patients. The mean analgesia requirement (inj. Tramadol (mg) was 113 mg ±29.68 in Group A and 172 mg ±31.87 in Group B) with significant p value <0.0001. The mean hospital stay was (Group A-3.42±0.72 & Group B-4.2±0.49 days) and the comparison shows significant result p value <0.0001. The stone clearance was more than 90% in both the groups with insignificant result, P value 0.7281. Conclusion: Tubeless PCNL is an effective alternative procedure with the potential advantages of decreased postoperative pain, analgesia requirement, and hospital stay.
Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic among Undergraduate Dental Students: A Qualitative Study
Authors: VS Kumar , V Karuveettil , SK Yeturu , NA Krishnan , UK Arjunraj , SS Menon , V Radhakrishnan
Published: August 2022

Introduction: During COVID-19 pandemic, students were introduced to a novel learning platform moving away from in-person lecture classes and pedagogies. Medical courses in general and dentistry in specific has its chunk of curriculum devoted to development of clinical and laboratory skills, patient interaction and management of a wide spectrum of oral and general diseases which affect the human body. Many Universities have shifted to online mode of delivery of lectures from traditional college activities during COVID-19 lockdown Objective: This study was conducted to assess the psychological and social, educational and physical health impact of COVID-19 on dental undergraduate students through a qualitative method. Methods: Qualitative phenomenological approach was undertaken. Focus group discussions and in-depth interview were conducted according to different grades of their study during undergraduate course. Results: Psychologically, the students were anxious of prolonging their undergraduate course and also of the conduct of exams. The students were initially thrilled to be with their close family members; but gradually boredom loomed large. Those who used to regularly take part in sports, games and other physical activities could not continue with those as restrictions were enforced. Conclusion: The students were mostly anxious due to lack of training in clinical dentistry, conduct of exams and course duration. Students were mostly glad to be with their family members during lock down. The physical activity among students have come down drastically.
Covid -19 Pandemisi öncesi ve Pandemi Döneminde Endometrium Kanseri Vakalarının Karşılaştırılması Bir Eğitim Araştırma Hastanesi Örneği
Authors: KÖSE Osman , ÜNAL Orhan , KÖSE Elif , GÖK Koray , BOSTANCI Mehmet Sühha , ÖZDEN Selçuk
Published: August 2022

Amaç: Bu araştırmanın amacı bir milyonu aşkın nüfusa hizmet veren jinekolojik onkoloji cerrahisinin yapıldığı üçüncü basamak hastanesine ait pandemi öncesi ve pandemi sürecindeki endometrium kanseri vakalarının incelenmesidir.

Gereç ve Yöntem: Bu araştırma ülkemizde başlayan Covid-19 pandemisinden önceki altı ay ile pandemi dönemindeki ilk altı ay süresinde endometrium kanseri vakalarının retrospektif olarak incelendiği kesitsel tipte tanımlayıcı bir araştırmadır. Bu araştırmada yaş, VKİ, komorbidite, Ca-125 tümör belirteci, tümör çapı, invazyonu, çevre organ ve yapılara tutulumu, pelvik-paraaortik lenf nodu metastazı, uzak organ metastazı ve evreleri incelenmiştir.

Bulgular:

Pandemi öncesi dönemde 18, pandemi döneminde 21 endometrium kanseri vakası opere edilmiştir. Pandemi öncesi ve sonrası incelenen vakalar arasında yaş, VKİ ortalamaları arasında bir fark saptanmamıştır. Aynı dönemlerdeki vakalarda komorbidite, tümörün çapı, invazyonu, serviks ve seroza tutulumu, pelvik ve paraaortik lenf nodu tutulumu, uzak metastaz durumları ve evrelerinde bir farklılık saptanmamıştır.

Sonuç: Hastalar benzer kanser evrelerine ve komorbiditelere sahip olup, hastaların tedavi yaklaşımlarında bir değişiklik olmamıştır. Pandemi döneminde kanser hastalarına kesintisiz olarak hizmet verilmiştir.
Work Life Balance dan Kepuasan Kerja: Mediasi Motivasi Intrinsik
Authors: Febrianti Nelva , Ririn Handayani
Published: August 2022

Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada Pegawai Inspektorat Daerah Kabupaten Rokan Hulu dengan tujuan menguji peranan motivasi intrinsik dalam memediasi pengaruh work life balance terhadap kepuasan kerja. Populasi penelitian yang dilakukan peneliti adalah semua pegawai Inspektorat Daerah Kabupaten Rohul. Jumlah populasi dalam penelitian sebanyak 70 orang sekaligus menjadi sampel penelitian (sampel jenuh). Namun karena peneliti juga bagian dari lembaga tersebut, maka dikurangi satu menjadi 69 orang yang akan digunakan sebagai sampel. Hasil analisis membuktikan bahwa pada Inspektorat Daerah Kabupaten Rokan Hulu, Semakin efektif work life balance, maka cenderung dapat meningkatkan kepuasan kerja pegawai; Work life balance berpengaruh positif terhadap motivasi intrinsik; Naik dan turunnya motivasi intrinsik pegawai, berpengaruh terhadap meningkat atau menurunnya kepuasan pegawai tersebut; dan Peningkatan work life balance, diiringi semakin baiknya motivasi intrinsik pegawai serta kepuasan kerjanya.
Perceived Ethics Learning dan Workplace Behavior: Peran Mediasi yang Dirasakan Ethical Culture
Authors: M Sharfan Iqbal  , Adi Rahmat  , Helwen Heri
Published: August 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mencari tahu apakah ethics Learning akan berpengaruh positif terhadap Ethical Cultur, Ethical Culture karyawan akan memiliki hubungan positif dengan workplace behavior, ethics Learning memiliki hubungan positif dengan workplace behavior. Penelitian ini selanjutnya memberikan kontribusi potensial di bidang studi organisasi dan manajemen, secara teoritis, penelitian ini memperluas pemahaman tentang dari perceived ethics Learning terhadap workplace behavior. penelitian ini akan memberikan masukan bagi organisasi dan manajemen yang dapat mendorong/memberikan hal yang positif dengan memanfaatkan sampel dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 100 orang tenaga pekerja di Universitas Lancang Kuning terhadap perceived ethics learning dan workplace behavior: peran mediasi yang dirasakan ethical culture. Pendekatan dalam penelitian ini adalah menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif, yaitu mementingkan adanya variable-variabel sebagai objek dari sebuah penelitian dan variable tersebut harus didefinisikan dalam bentuk oprasionalisasi masing-masing dari variable. Pengujian hipotesis dalam penelitian ini menggunakan SEM-PLS melalui software SmartPLS Versi 2.0 M3. PLS merupakan analisis persamaan struktural (SEM) berbasis varian yang secara simultan dapat melakukan evaluasi terhadap model pengukuran sekaligus model struktural. Salah satu alasan penggunaan analisa SEM dalam suatu penelitian adalah terdapatnya variabel yang tidak dapat diukur secara langsung (unobserved variable) sehingga variabel tersebut diukur menggunakan indikator (Wibowo, 2014).
Entre netuno e clio: primeiras aproximações às cartas do Almirante Henrique Boiteux (Santa Catarina/Século XX)
Authors: Cunha Maria Teresa Santos
Published: August 2022

Henrique Adolfo Boiteux nasceu em Tijucas/Santa Catarina em 1862 e faleceu no Rio de Janeiro em 1945. Atuou na Marinha do Brasil desde 1879 e seguiu carreira naval até reformar-se no posto de Almirante em 1921. Na Marinha, ocupou o cargo de Diretor da Biblioteca, Museu e Arquivo da Marinha, Diretor da Escola Naval. Foi deputado da Assembleia Constituinte e Legislativa Estadual no período de 1891 a 1893. Seu arquivo pessoal encontra-se depositado no Instituto Histórico e Geográfico de Santa Catarina, em Florianópolis e, entre outros documentos, comporta cerca de 200 cartas. As cartas se impõem como espaços de pesquisa muito relevantes. Sua importância para a História configura-se em um modo privilegiado de acesso às histórias de vida desses intelectuais, contribuindo para o fortalecimento dos estudos (auto)biográficos no campo da História Nacional e Regional e da História da Cultura Escrita
Docência e vida em formação: fragmentos de memórias na educação inclusiva
Authors: Soares Maria Eliana , Sales Elielson Ribeiro de , Fraiha-Martins France
Published: August 2022

Esta pesquisa assenta-se na abordagem narrativa e autobiográfica. Evidencia experiências de vida, formação e docência da primeira autora, no contexto de duas décadas de atuação, na Educação Básica, e das aprendizagens na pós-graduação, no âmbito da Educação Inclusiva. Indagamos: de que maneira a autorreflexão docente aproxima teoria e prática, na educação inclusiva? Objetivamos analisar aspectos da (auto)formação docente, que possam contribuir significativamente para a educação inclusiva. Para tanto, teorizamos elementos da experiência pessoal, social e acadêmica, a partir da narrativa (auto)biográfica. Organizamos a discussão analítica e reflexiva, a partir: i) da vivência pessoal; ii) da ótica do trabalho pedagógico; e iii) da constituição da formação acadêmica e docente. Os resultados revelam que, embora coexistam a carência na formação inicial, as más condições pedagógicas e curriculares e os desafios iminentes na educação inclusiva, a formação docente na pós-graduação torna-se uma possibilidade para aprendizagens necessárias às práticas desta modalidade de ensino.
A educação na fronteira entre Brasil e Paraguai: narrativas (auto) biográficas de um fronteiriço
Authors: Da Silva Rodrigo Rocha , Moreira Junior Orlando
Published: August 2022

A educação na fronteira tem sido objeto de debate e pesquisas, nas últimas décadas, principalmente a partir do início do século XX. Nesse contexto, esta pesquisa tem como objeto de estudo a educação escolar na fronteira Brasil-Paraguai, especificamente na Escola Estadual Guimarães Rosa, situada no município de Sete Quedas, MS, com o objetivo de compreender as dificuldades enfrentadas pelos “brasiguaios”, em seus processos de escolarização e decorrentes da pluralidade cultural daquele espaço. Metodologicamente, pretende-se levantar e analisar as concepções teóricas e metodológicas da educação na fronteira, bem como descrever as singularidades e generalidades encontradas nas histórias de vida de fronteiriços, por meio da trajetória escolar narrada (auto)biograficamente pelo pesquisador e por cinco sujeitos. Para tanto, foram realizados questionários de levantamento do perfil dos sujeitos, entrevistas, produção de memorial de formação do pesquisador e análise documental e bibliográfica, tendo como fontes textos que tratam da temática e dados estatísticos oficiais. Como resultado, foi possível identificar a complexidade de fatores que influenciam a educação escolar na fronteira e os desafios existentes nessa realidade escolar.
Análisis morfológico de la afectación microestructural de material biocompuesto reforzado con fibra de fique debido a corte con herramienta convencional, láser y chorro de agua
Authors: Gómez Sergio Andrés , Cordoba Edwin , Cuellar Victor Hugo , Peña Meza Roger
Published: August 2022

Thanks to their properties, the use of composite materials in industrial applications has increased in recent decades, especially those with natural fiber reinforcements due to their lower environmental impact; however, one of the great challenges presented by this type of material is to shape them by cutting as their surface integrity can be compromised. In the present work, morphological analysis is carried out on a composite material with fique fiber, evaluating the superficial affectation by cutting made with a conventional tool, laser, and water jet. The material was made with six layers of fique fiber and polyester resin. The morphological study was carried out through scanning electron microscopy, where high defects were evidenced with the conventional tool, an affectation to the matrix in laser cutting, and a low surface impact using the water jet.
Prototipo funcional para el mejoramiento del proceso productivo en MiPymes de manufactura y su aproximación a la Industria 4.0
Authors: Morris Molina Lloyd Herberth , Chávez Salazar Luis Gabriel , Arias Vargas Juan Luis , Lozano Mosquera Daniel Felipe , Mejía Melo Diego Hernán
Published: August 2022

The OEE is a mathematical calculation that allows measuring and evaluating a productive process of a manufacturing company, this article presents the results of the research project “Design and development of a functional prototype aimed at improving the productive process of Mypimes manufacturing and his foray into the dynamics of Industry 4.0, endorsed by MinCiencias. In this, a bibliographic review is developed around the OEE and Industry 4.0, on the other hand, the results of the survey carried out to manufacturing Mypimes companies in Risaralda are shown, evidencing the lack of measurement of productivity indices in these. Finally, a development of technological innovation is proposed, for the measurement and evaluation of the OEE (Overall Equipment Effectiveness), in the production process, where the behavior of production can be observed in real time, in such a way that it serves to make timely and early decisions.
PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN LEMBAR KERJA SISWA (LKS) TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR SELAMA NEW NORMAL PADA MATA PELAJARAN INFORMATIKA
Authors: Yelfiyani Yelfiyani , Supriadi Supriadi
Published: August 2022

This research is motivated by the results of learning Informatics in class X MAN 2 Agam during the current New Normal where learning outcomes are under the Minimum Completeness Criteria (KKM) that have been determined. Problems found, problem-based learning strategies are needed to help teachers in the delivery of learning materials, namely by asking students to solve a problem related to the subject matter so that students can be active in the learning process. The type of research used is Quasi Experiment. The population in this study were students of class X MAN 2 Agam for the 2020/2021 academic year. Sampling is done by purposive sampling technique, namely taking samples with certain considerations. The population of class X is 114 students. Based on the results of the daily test (initial) the average class X IPA was made the Experiment class, while some students from class X IPS/IPK were used as the control class. The data of this study were obtained by a final test in the form of objective questions as many as 25 items that have been tested. Because the value of tcount > ttable, it means that H0 is rejected and H1 is accepted. Based on the above calculations, it can be concluded that tcount > ttable (0.203 > 1.68) where H0 (No Effect of Using Student Worksheets (LKS) on Learning Outcomes During New Normal In Informatics Subjects in MAN 2 Agam) is rejected, then Ha (There is an Influence of Using Student Worksheets (LKS) on Learning Outcomes During New Normal In Informatics Subjects at MAN 2 Agam) is accepted.
Mercury compounds in the environmental objects of the Baikalsk Pulp and Paper Mill influence zone
Authors: Morshina T.N. ,   Research and Production Association Typhoon, Pobedy Str., 4 Obninsk, Kaluga Region, 249038, Russia, Lukyanova N.N. ,   Research and Production Association Typhoon, Pobedy Str., 4 Obninsk, Kaluga Region, 249038, Russia, Mamchenko T.B. ,   Research and Production Association Typhoon, Pobedy Str., 4 Obninsk, Kaluga Region, 249038, Russia, Kopylova L.P. ,   Research and Production Association Typhoon, Pobedy Str., 4 Obninsk, Kaluga Region, 249038, Russia, Virchenko E.P. ,   Research and Production Association Typhoon, Pobedy Str., 4 Obninsk, Kaluga Region, 249038, Russia
Published: August 2022

Abstract. The content of mercury compounds in the industrial wastes of the Baikalsk Pulp and Paper Mill, in soils on the territories of sludge storage sites, in the bottom sediments of Lake Baikal as well as small rivers flowing into the lake has been studied. There observed an increased content of total mercury and methylmercury in the sludge lignin waste.
Sea fog increases the total mercury level in the terrestrial ecosystem (on the example of the tiger Panthera tigris altaica Temminck, 1844)
Authors: Poddubnaya N.Ya. ,   Cherepovets State University, Lunacharsky Str., 5, Cherepovets, 162600, Russia, Salkina G.P. ,   FSBI United Directorate Lazovsky State Nature Reserve and the National Park Call of the Tiger, Tsentralnaya Str., 56, S. Lazo, Lazovsky district, Primorsky Krai, 692980, Russia, Oleynikov .Yu. ,   Russia Institute of Water and Ecological Problems, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Dikopoltsev Str., 56, Khabarovsk, 680000, Russia, Belyaev .N. ,   CTD LLC, Stroitely Ave., 28A, Cherepovets, Vologda Region, 162611, Russia, Petrov T.A. ,   Joint Directorate of the State Natural Biosphere Reserve Kedrovaya Pad and the National Park Land of the Leopard,  pr. 100-letiya Vladivostoka 127, Vladivostok, 690068, Russia, Syritsa M.V. ,   Joint Directorate of the State Natural Biosphere Reserve Kedrovaya Pad and the National Park Land of the Leopard,  pr. 100-letiya Vladivostoka 127, Vladivostok, 690068, Russia, Storozhuk V.B. ,   Joint Directorate of the State Natural Biosphere Reserve Kedrovaya Pad and the National Park Land of the Leopard,  pr. 100-letiya Vladivostoka 127, Vladivostok, 690068, Russia
Published: August 2022

Abstract. This study discusses one of the aspects of the mercury problem, which is the relationship between aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems. We indicate that the mercury concentration in the Amur tiger fur (Panthera tigris altaica) is higher in the coastal area than in the inland area because the coastal areas are exposed to the impact of marine atmospheric fog, a potential source of monomethylmercury. The total mercury concentration from the Khasansky District varied from 0.16 to 0.45 mg/kg, on average 0.22 0.04 mg/kg, in tiger fur, from 0.07 to 1.01 mg/kg, on average 0.64 0.05 mg/kg, in leopard fur (P. pardus orientalis) and from 0.055 to 1.233 mg/kg, on average 0.336 0.056 mg/kg, in Himalayan bear fur (Ursus thibetanus). The total mercury concentration in the fur of the last predators from the inland areas is unknown. Further research is needed.
Participation of water deer (Hydropotes inermis argyropus) in mercury transport in the ecosystem of Southern Primorye
Authors: Poddubnaya N.Ya. ,   Cherepovets State University, Lunacharsky Str., 5, Cherepovets, 162600, Russia, Sedash G.A. ,   Joint Directorate of the State Natural Biosphere Reserve Kedrovaya Pad and the National Park Land of the Leopard,  pr. 100-letiya Vladivostoka 127, Vladivostok, 690068, Russia, Petrov T.A. ,   Joint Directorate of the State Natural Biosphere Reserve Kedrovaya Pad and the National Park Land of the Leopard,  pr. 100-letiya Vladivostoka 127, Vladivostok, 690068, Russia, Ulianova M.A. ,   Cherepovets State University, Lunacharsky Str., 5, Cherepovets, 162600, Russia
Published: August 2022

Abstract. We present the first opportunity to study mercury in the fur of a water deer that recently entered Russia.13 samples from 7 animals (fur was taken from the back and belly) were collected similarly to the World Health Organization recommendations for humans. The mean concentration of total mercury in the fur of water deer was 0.01 0.003 mg/kg, which roughly coincides with the mercury in the fur of other herbivorous animals. For a more accurate assessment, it is necessary to obtain data for other deers in the study region.
Mercury concentrations in the surface bottom sediments and cores of the East Siberian and Laptev seas and the adjacent area of the Arctic Ocean
Authors: Ivanov M.V. ,   V.I. Ilichev Pacific Oceanological Institute Far Eastern Branch Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Baltiiskaya 43, Vladivostok, 690041 Russia, Aksentov K.I. ,   V.I. Ilichev Pacific Oceanological Institute Far Eastern Branch Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Baltiiskaya 43, Vladivostok, 690041 Russia, Astakhov A.S. ,   V.I. Ilichev Pacific Oceanological Institute Far Eastern Branch Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Baltiiskaya 43, Vladivostok, 690041 Russia
Published: August 2022

Abstract. The mercury content in the bottom sediments of the East Siberian, Laptev, Chukchi seas and the adjacent part of the Arctic Ocean was studied. The dependence of its contents on the granulometric composition of sediments and redox conditions of bottom waters is established, which generally manifests itself as the bathymetric zonality of the distribution.
TREM2 Gene Compound Heterozygosity in Neurodegenerative Disorders
Authors: Berdyński Mariusz , Ludwiczak Jan , Barczak Anna , Barcikowska-Kotowicz Maria , Kuźma-Kozakiewicz Magdalena , Dunin-Horkawicz Stanisław , Żekanowski Cezary , Borzemska Beata
Published: August 2022

Background: Homozygous variants of the TREM2 and TYROBP genes have been shown to be causative for multiple bone cysts and neurodegeneration leading to progressive dementia (NHD, Nasu-Hakola disease). Objective: To determine if biallelic variants of these genes and/or oligogenic inheritance could be responsible for a wider spectrum of neurodegenerative conditions. Methods: We analyzed 52 genes associated with neurodegenerative disorders using targeted next generation sequencing in a selected group of 29 patients (n = 14 Alzheimer’s disease, n = 8 frontotemporal dementia, n = 7 amyotrophic lateral sclerosis) carrying diverse already determined rare variants in exon 2 of TREM2. Molecular modeling was used to get an insight into the potential effects of the mutation. Results: We identified a novel mutation c.401_406delinsTCTAT; p.(Asp134Valfs*55) in exon 3 of TREM2 in an Alzheimer’s disease patient also carrying the p.Arg62His TREM2 variant. Molecular modeling revealed that the identified mutation prevents anchoring of the TREM2 protein in the membrane, leaving the core of the Ig-like domain intact. Conclusion: Our results expand the spectrum of neurodegenerative diseases, where the carriers of biallelic mutations in TREM2 have been described for Alzheimer’s disease, and highlight the impact of variant burden in other genes on phenotypic heterogeneity.
Acceptability and Preliminary Effectiveness of a Remote Dementia Educational Training Among Primary Care Providers and Health Navigators
Authors: Perales-Puchalt Jaime , Townley Ryan , Niedens Michelle , Vidoni Eric D. , Greiner K. Allen , Zufer Tahira , Schwasinger-Schmidt Tiffany , McGee Jerrihlyn L. , Arreaza Hector , Burns Jeffrey M.
Published: August 2022

Background: Optimal care can improve lives of families with dementia but remains under-implemented. Most healthcare professional training is in person, time-intensive, and does not focus on key aspects such as early detection, and cultural competency. Objective: We explored the acceptability and preliminary effectiveness of a training, The Dementia Update Course, which addressed these issues. We hypothesized that the training would lead to increased levels of perceived dementia care competency among key healthcare workers, namely primary care providers (PCPs) and health navigators (HNs). Methods: We conducted pre-post training assessments among 22 PCPs and 32 HNs. The 6.5-h training was remote, and included didactic lectures, case discussion techniques, and materials on dementia detection and care. Outcomes included two 5-point Likert scales on acceptability, eleven on perceived dementia care competency, and the three subscales of the General Practitioners Confidence and Attitude Scale for Dementia. We used paired samples t-tests to assess the mean differences in all preliminary effectiveness outcomes. Results: The training included 28.6% of PCPs and 15.6% of HNs that self-identified as non-White or Latino and 45.5% of PCPs and 21.9% of HNs who served in rural areas. PCPs (84.2%) and HNs (91.7%) reported a high likelihood to recommend the training and high satisfaction. Most preliminary effectiveness outcomes analyzed among PCPs (11/14) and all among HNs (8/8) experienced an improvement from pre- to post-training (p < 0.05). Conclusion: A relatively brief, remote, and inclusive dementia training was associated with high levels of acceptability and improvements in perceived dementia care competency among PCPs and HNs.
Amyloid Pathology in the Central Auditory Pathway of 5XFAD Mice Appears First in Auditory Cortex
Authors: Weible Aldis P. , Wehr Michael
Published: August 2022

Background: Effective treatment of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) will hinge on early detection. This has led to the search for early biomarkers that use non-invasive testing. One possible early biomarker is auditory temporal processing deficits, which reflect central auditory pathway dysfunction and precede cognitive and memory declines in AD. Gap detection is a measure of auditory temporal processing, is impaired in human AD, and is also impaired in the 5XFAD mouse model of AD. Gap detection deficits appear as early as postnatal day 60 in 5XFAD mice, months before cognitive deficits or cell death, supporting gap detection as an early biomarker. However, it remains unclear how gap detection deficits relate to the progression of amyloid pathology in the auditory system. Objective: To determine the progression of amyloid pathology throughout the central auditory system and across age in 5XFAD mice. Methods: We quantified intracellular and extracellular antibody labelling of Aβ42 in 6 regions of the central auditory system from p14 to p150. Results: Pathology appeared first in primary auditory cortex (A1) as intracellular accumulation of Aβ42 in layer 5 pyramidal neurons by age p21. Extracellular plaques appeared later, by age p90, in A1, medial geniculate body, and inferior colliculus. Auditory brainstem structures showed minimal amyloid pathology. We also observed pathology in the caudal pontine reticular nucleus, a brainstem structure that is outside of the central auditory pathway but which is involved in the acoustic startle reflex. Conclusion: These results suggest that Aβ42 accumulation, but not plaques, may impair gap detection.
Sleep Disturbances, Cognitive Status, and Biomarkers of Dementia
Authors: Zawar Ifrah , Mattos Meghan K. , Manning Carol , Quigg Mark
Published: August 2022

Background: While sleep disturbances appear to be risk factors in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) progression, information such as the prevalence across dementia severity and the influence on the trajectory of cognitive decline is unclear. Objective: We evaluate the hypotheses that the prevalence of insomnia differs by cognitive impairment, that sleep disturbances track with AD biomarkers, and that longitudinal changes in sleep disorders affect cognition. Methods: We used the National Alzheimer’s Coordinating Center Database to determine the prevalence of clinician-identified insomnia and nighttime behaviors in normal, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and demented individuals. We evaluated mean Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) scores, hippocampal volumes (HV), and CSF phosphorylated tau:amyloid-β ratios at first visit using analysis of variance with age as a covariate. In longitudinal evaluations, we assessed changes in MoCA scores and HV in insomnia and nighttime behaviors between the first and last visits. Results: Prevalence of insomnia was 14%, 16%, and 11% for normal, MCI, and dementia groups. Prevalence of nighttime behaviors was 14%, 21%, and 29% respectively. Insomnia patients had higher MoCA scores, larger HV, and lower pTauBeta than individuals without insomnia, indicating less neurodegeneration. In contrast, nighttime behaviors were associated with worse cognition, smaller HV, and higher pTauBeta. Similar findings were seen between longitudinal associations of sleep disorders and cognition and HV. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that insomnia is unreliably recognized in patients with cognitive impairment. Nighttime behaviors may better indicate the presence of sleep disturbances and have diagnostic specificity in AD over insomnia.
Very cold neutrons in condensed matter research
Authors: Mezei Ferenc
Published: August 2022

In high resolution neutron scattering experimental work the use of significantly longer incoming neutron wavelengths compared to the currently widely used cold neutron range can be of significant advantage. Such advantages are to obtain higher data rates at equal resolution conditions, for example in small angle neutron scattering, and to obtain far better resolution, e.g., in neutron spin echo and time-of-flight spectroscopy or both.
Transdisciplinary approach to archaeological investigations in a Semantic Web perspective
Authors: Lombardo Vincenzo , Karatas Tugce , Gulmini Monica , Guidorzi Laura , Angelici Debora
Published: August 2022

In recent years, the transdisciplinarity of archaeological studies has greatly increased because of the mature interactions between archaeologists and scientists from different disciplines (called “archaeometers”). A number of diverse scientific disciplines collaborate to get an objective account of the archaeological records. A large amount of digital data support the whole process, and there is a great value in keeping the coherence of information and knowledge, as contributed by each intervening discipline. During the years, a number of representation models have been developed to account for the recording of the archaeological process in data bases. Lately, some semantic models, compliant with the CRMarchaeo reference model, have been developed to account for linking the institutional forms with the formal knowledge concerning the archaeological excavations and the related findings. On the contrary, the archaeometric processes have not been addressed yet in the Semantic Web community and only an upper reference model, called CRMsci, accounts for the representation of the scientific investigations in general. This paper presents a modular computational ontology for the interlinked representation of all the facts related to the archaeological and archaeometric analyses and interpretations, also connected to the recording catalogues. The computational ontology is compliant with CIDOC-CRM reference models CRMarchaeo and CRMsci and introduces a number of novel classes and properties to merge the two worlds in a joint representation. The ontology is in use in “Beyond Archaeology”, a methodological project for the establishing of a transdisciplinary approach to archaeology and archaeometry, interlinked through a semantic model of processes and objects.
Моделювання течії в надзвуковій компресорній решітці
Authors: Maiboroda Roman
Published: August 2022

The design of modern aircraft engines cannot be imagined without numerical simulation methods. The advantages of numerical simulation at the first stages of creating engines are obvious: the ability to explore different geometric models in a fairly short time, while the accuracy of calculations reaches 5 ... 15%. An integral part of the numerical experiment is conducting test problems, because of which it is necessary to identify the necessary topology of the computational grid and the turbulent viscosity model. The current study conducts a test problem of flow simulation in a supersonic compressor cascade-based on the STFF rotor to select the topology of the computational grid and the turbulent viscosity model for closing the system of Navier-Stokes equations. In this work, four variants of the computational grid and four models of turbulent viscosity were studied. The time step was automatically changed. The maximum time over time was 0.00005…0.001 s. Control points were set in front of the grating and behind it, where the value of the Mach number was displayed. When calculating, the value of the Mach number in front of the grating was selected by changing the value of the velocity at the input. The calculation was terminated when the values of the Mach numbers at the input and output of the cascade were reached, as well as constant values of the residuals, which did not change during subsequent iterations. 4 variants of the structured type computational grid were built. Grid No. 3 was chosen for further calculations since it provides sufficient similarity with the test results, and it also has a smaller size, which makes it possible to speed up the calculation. Next, calculations are performed for different types of turbulence models. The turbulence models SST, SST GTT, k-ω and RNG k-ε were considered. For all turbulence models, the boundary layer height was chosen based on the condition Y+ < 1. An analysis of the calculation results showed that the smallest error was obtained in calculations with the SST GTT turbulence model. This paper presents a comparison of the density distribution in the cross-section of the cascade with a schlieren photograph obtained from a field experiment. A qualitative analysis of the obtained results shows that the flow patterns around the STFF-based compressor grate are of a similar nature, in particular, in the interblade channel and edge wakes behind the cascade. Thus, for further research to study the flow in the fan, the topology of the Mesh3 computational grid and the turbulent viscosity model SST GTT were chosen.
Вплив інжекції повітря у вхідні стійки турбовального двигуна
Authors: Kolkov Oleksandr , Duliepov Andrii , Hlobin Yevhenii , Dovhaliuk Denys , Balalaieva Kateryna
Published: August 2022

The aerodynamic wakes behind the struts cause uneven flow at the compressor inlet. An irregularity at the compressor inlet of a turboshaft engine causes unstable operation of the compressor, which can deteriorate the engine economy and a decrease its efficiency. The current work evaluates the effect of injection of an additional mass of air into the inlet struts of a TV3-117 turboshaft engine on the velocity non-uniformity at the compressor inlet. The solution of the task was carried out by the method of mathematical modeling using the free version of the Ansys Workbench Student software environment. When solving the problem, several modules were involved: Geometry (creation of geometry), Mesh (generation of the computational mesh), CFX (selection of boundary and initial conditions, calculation and visualization of the calculation). The blade rim of the input racks of a TV3-117 turboshaft engine was chosen as the object of study in this work. Analysis of the results obtained shows that by using the injection of additional air mass, it is possible to reduce the unevenness of the speed at the compressor inlet. When injected with a mass flow rate of 2.2...2.8% of the main mass flow rate at inlet speeds of 100...160 m/s, the speed unevenness at the compressor inlet decreases from 10...12% to 3...4%. Thus, the velocity field in front of the compressor will be nearly uniform, which will positively affect its performance. An analysis of the visualizations of the velocity fields shows that when additional air mass is injected, the aerodynamic wake changes qualitatively and decreases significantly, the speed in the wake at a distance of 10 mm differs from the speed in the flow core by 3%, in contrast to the case without boundary layer control, where the speed in the wake it differs in speed in the core of the flow by 10...12%. To control the boundary layer in the blades of the input racks, it will not be necessary to supply additional air because air that is already supplied to heat the input racks can be used for this. The design of the inlet leg blade with control of the near-boundary layer will be quite complicated, but it is possible to implement the developed inlet leg blade design for controlling the boundary layer in the trailing edge using modern 3D printers.
A review of vaporization models as design criterion for bipropellant thrust chambers
Authors: Gontijo Maurício Sá
Published: August 2022

In the beginning of liquid propellant rocket engine development, the thrust chamber sizes were obtained, mainly, empirically. With the technological advancements over the years, several approaches have been developed in order to optimize its sizes and predict more accurately the performance. Besides the clear contribution in predicting efficiencies, the use of accurate vaporization models to optimize combustion chambers decreases losses and the number of required tests. To increase efficiencies, the chamber must be optimized. In case the chamber is too small, incomplete combustion is achieved and combustion instability may occur. In case the chamber is too large, losses due to weight and heat transfer increase and the vehicle becomes larger (leading to more drag losses). Additionally, the number of tests is reduced since models were experimentally validated and less experimental iterations are required in order to obtain the optimized design. Although there are many models, all of them reach similar conclusions, such as an increase in chamber pressure, a decrease in injected droplet size and velocity, and others, lead to a decrease in the required chamber size. Nowadays, with the advancements in computing budget, more complex and accurate models have be developed. Some of these models account for chemical reactions, turbulence effects, droplet collisions and interactions, two- and three-dimensional modeling, and others. Also, the use of CFD codes provides relevant contributions to the analytical and numerical models, especially in validating them, and, additionally, decreases the amount of required experimental tests. The main propulsive parameter that rules this phenomenon is the characteristic length, which accounts the required chamber size for the propellants to be injected, atomized, vaporized, mixed and combusted. Most of the available models neglect the atomization, mixing and combustion of the propellant, since those phenomena occur much faster compared with the vaporization. This work provides a review of those vaporization models, focusing on the main used models worldwide. Such review is of great importance in order to supply enough information and comparison between models, making possible for the researcher/engineer to choose the model that better fit its necessities, requirements and limitations.
Вплив шунтування високотемпературних тензорозісторів на точність виміру статичних деформацій елементів ГТД
Authors: Husyev Yuriy , Hol'tsov Anatoliy , Kryhin Serhiy
Published: August 2022

The development of gas turbine engines (GTE), for various purposes, is inextricably linked with an increase in their main characteristics. Simultaneously, the parameters of the working fluid increase, in particular, the temperature of the gas flow and the intensity of loads on structural elements with an increasing frequency of rotation of the rotors. The strength reliability of highly heated GTE elements is a factor that determines the life of the engine as a whole. The most common cases of damage to GTE elements are caused by static stresses, and mainly relate to the blade apparatus, compressor and gas turbine housings, combustion chambers and rotor elements operating in the temperature range of 200–750 °C. Errors in measuring static deformations of parts are usually associated with insufficient compensation for the temperature increment of resistance by the sensitive element (SE) of the strain gauge and with the occurrence of shunt currents between the SE and the body of the part through a binder insulator. The change in the electrical resistance of the strain gauge SE is perceived by the measuring system as an imaginary deformation. The measurement error due to shunting increases significantly with an increase in the temperature of the part under study, since this significantly reduces the specific electrical resistance of the binder insulator. A strain gauge sensor with two sensitive elements is considered in this work. The lower CE of the strain gauge sensor is located in the insulator-connector directly in the vicinity of the body of the part and perceives its main deformation. The upper Euro is located above the lower. The main axes of the elements are rotated relative to each other by 90 ° C and plays the role of temperature-compensating element and at the same time registers the transverse deformation of the part. An electrical model of the potential distribution in a strain gauge is presented. To determine the magnitude of shunt currents, Kirchhoff's rule was applied to a linear electric circuit, and finite-difference differential equations for the sum of currents in all nodes of the electric model were recorded. Finite-difference differential equations are transformed into a matrix one, the solution of which allows to obtain leakage currents in all nodes of the electric model of the strain gauge. The total leakage currents in the lower and upper SE strain gauge for different cases, as well as the relative errors of deformation measurement due to shunting, are obtained.
Розробка датчика диференційного тиску для авіакосмічного застосування. Метрологічне забезпечення і вибір первинного перетворювача
Authors: Buryachenko Anna
Published: August 2022

The main requirements for the differential pressure sensor developed by JSC "Element" by SE "DB" Yuzhnoye" order are given. It is shown that the most important criteria when choosing a primary transducer were the requirements, firstly, to control the pressure of chemically aggressive medium – rocket fuel, and secondly, to perform measurements of relatively low differential pressure under operating overpressure (linear) pressure. The upper limit of changes in linear pressure is an order of magnitude higher than the limit of the measured differential, and it is necessary to minimize the additional error due to the effect of operating overpressure. Information search data are given, because of which the primary transducers that best meet the specified requirements are selected, namely, Keller PD-10L series sensors. A sensor developed and manufactured on the basis of the selected primary transducer is briefly described. The main attention is paid to the description of metrological support of transducer development and testing and the results of experimental studies of its characteristics in terms of long-term stability and the effect of operating overpressure on the output signal when changing the controlled differential pressure in the measurement range. The given information concerns the creation of a specialized stand for the study of this effect, equipped with an imported meter that provides control of differential pressure from zero to 16 bar under the influence of operating overpressure 150…166 bar with an error of not more than ± 0,1 %. It is explained that the need to create a stand at the enterprise is due to the lack of such equipment and measuring equipment in the Ukrainian centers of metrology and standardization. Based on the results of the analysis of requirements for the application of the developed sensor performed together with the customer, a rational way of presenting the transformation function was selected, which minimizes the measurement error in the most responsible conditions.
Морфологія і топографія карбідної фази при легуванні сплава ЖС3ДК-ВІ гафнієм і танталом
Authors: Tykhomyrova Tetiana , Gordienko Olena , Bekhter Ruslan , Podobnyj Oleksandr
Published: August 2022

This study describes the results of studying the effect of modification/micro alloying with hafnium and alloying with tantalum on the morphology and distribution of the carbide phase in the ZhS3DK-VI alloy microstructure. The carbide phase is an integral structural component of the microstructure of nickel heat-resistant alloys, has a tremendous impact on the strength characteristics of the material. In this regard, the shape, size, and distribution of particles of this phase in the microstructure are of great importance. The formation of the morphology of carbide particles largely depends on the technological factors of casting such as temperature of the ceramic mold, crystallization rate, melt temperature, etc. The higher the temperature parameters and the lower the crystallization rate during casting, the coarser the morphology and topography of carbide particles formed during solidification and, accordingly, the lower the strength characteristics of the material. However, technological parameters also affect the geometry of the casting and it is not always possible to change the technology; so the only possibility is the use of modification or alloying of the alloy upon receipt of the work piece. Such carbide-forming elements as hafnium and tantalum, due to their chemical activity, react with carbon at the stage of crystallization and form thermally stable primary MC-type carbides. The use of hafnium in nickel alloys is limited to a concentration of 0.1 % since at a higher concentration, this element and nickel form a eutectic phase, the melting temperature of which is much lower than the homogenization temperature of the alloys. It is studied the possibility of doping the ZhS3DK-VI alloy with tantalum to form a favorable morphology of the carbide phase. The dispersed carbide particles are taken in the microstructure of the ZhS3DK-VI alloy after experimental work. The chemical composition of the particles is dominated by tantalum, and there is some hafnium.
Korean Wave in Europe: Focusing on Its Policies and the Current Situation
Authors:   United European Research Society, YOON Sung-Won
Published: August 2022

In recent years, the Korean Wave (or 'hallyu') has been sweeping the entire world including Europe. Since the early 2010s, the number of hallyu fans in Europe is rapidly increasing. Such global attention and popularity of the Korean Wave is based on the hallyu policies the Korean government has implemented for several decades. Since the policy was initially implemented under the Kim Young-Sam government, it has been evolved during the succeeding governments― Kim Dae-Jung, Roh Moo-Hyun, Lee Myung-Bak, Park Geun-Hye and Moon Jae-In governments―by restructuring culture-related institutions and implementing the promotion strategies of K-Culture. The export of hallyu contents to Europe has achieved remarkable growth especially in the sector of K-Pop and film for the past couple of years. Europeans' perception of Korean contemporary culture and hallyu is generally very positive as well. It is important for both parties to discuss and take any necessary institutional steps to the existing EU-Korea Protocol on Cultural Cooperation in order to facilitate bilateral cultural cooperation further.