bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Acoustic Emission Experimental Research of the Damage Characteristics of Raw Coal under Different Loading and Unloading Rates
Authors: Zhang Minbo , Cui Li , Hu Wenjun , Du Jinlei , Zhang Zhen , Wang Cuiling
Published: July 2020

In this study, triaxial load failure experiments of coal samples under different strain rates and different confining pressure unloading rates were carried out using an RTX-1000 rock triaxial apparatus, and the acoustic emission characteristic parameters of a Micro-II acoustic emission imaging acquisition instrument were used to study the acoustic emission characteristics and damage deformation law of coals under different conditions. Damage models were constructed on the basis of the characteristic parameters to analyze the damage law of coal samples. Experimental results show that the acoustic emission (AE) counts and AE energy of the coal samples decrease, but the peak AE counts and peak AE energy increase with the increase in strain rates. The cumulative AE counts decrease from 9902 times to 6899 times, the peak counts increase from 209 times to 431 times, the cumulative AE energy decreases from 6986 aJ to 3786 aJ, and the peak AE energy increases from 129 aJ to 312 aJ. The overall level of the AE count rates and the AE energy of the coal samples decrease, but the peak AE counts and peak AE energy increase with the increase in unloading rates. The cumulative AE counts decrease from 18,689 times to 16,842 times, the peak AE count rates increase from 245 times/s to 535 times/s, the cumulative AE energy decreases from 9846 aJ to 7430 aJ, and the peak energy increases from 257 aJ to 587 aJ. The damage models are constructed on the basis of AE counts, and the comparative experimental and theoretical curves are analyzed to obtain a higher fitness close to 1. The damage threshold increases from 0.30 to 0.50 and from 0.34 to 0.55, and the damage amount increases from 0.50 to 0.60 and from 0.34 to 0.62 with the increase in strain rates and unloading rates. The research results have practical significance for revealing the mechanism of disaster occurrence in actual engineering excavation and proposing engineering measures to prevent coal rock damage and disaster occurrence.
[Retracted] Elucidation of Genotypic Variability, Character Association, and Genetic Diversity for Stem Anatomy of Twelve Tossa Jute (Corchorus olitorius L.) Genotypes
Authors: Mukul Md. Mia
Published: July 2020

Background and Aims. Anatomy of twelve tossa jute genotypes were performed for the variability, heritability, and genetic advance based on yield attributing six anatomical traits. Materials and Methods. The experiments were carried out in field and laboratory including 12 tossa jute genotypes followed by RCB design in JAES, Manikganj, and Bangladesh Jute Research Institute, Dhaka, Bangladesh, during 2019‐2020. Hypothesis. The tested genotypes were expected to perform better than controls in respect of anatomical characters contributing to fiber yield in tossa jute plants. Results. Five genotypes, i.e., Acc. 1318, Acc. 1306, JRO S1, O‐412‐9‐4, and O‐0512‐6‐2 providing good results for the total fiber bundle area, trapezoid number, bark diameter, area of trapezoid, and bark thickness per transverse section in the anatomy of jute plants depicting the more variability (P > 0.01) as well as the possibility of tossa jute varietal development. These morphological and anatomical traits showing highly significant association ( ∗∗) with one another and coupled with high genetic and phenotypic variance components; high heritability; high and moderate genetic advance and higher divergence in clustering (D2), and PCA would be used as criteria for selection and improvement for fiber yield of tossa jute. Conclusions. The high variation and divergence for anatomical characters may be considered an effective selection method of genotypes for higher fiber yield comparing with controls. The genotypes, i.e., Acc. 1318, Acc. 1306, JRO (segregate), O‐412‐9‐4, and O‐0512‐6‐2 with good anatomical traits related to fiber yield could be used as parents in breeding program as well as direct variety development.
Maren Pills Improve Constipation via Regulating AQP3 and NF‐κB Signaling Pathway in Slow Transit Constipation In Vitro and In Vivo
Authors: Zhan Yu , Tang Xuegui , Xu Hong , Tang Shiyu
Published: July 2020

Background. Maren pills have been used to treat constipation. Aquaporin 3 (AQP3) plays a vital role in regulating water transfer in the colon. It has been reported that the downregulation of AQP3 can regulate liquid water metabolism and intestinal permeability in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) rats’ colon via NF‐κB pathway. In this study, we investigated whether the laxative effect of Maren pills is associated with the regulation of AQP3 and NF‐κB signaling pathway in the colon. Methods. The compound diphenoxylate suspension‐induced STC rats received Maren pills intragastrically for 1 consecutive week to evaluate the laxative effect of Maren pills involving the regulation of AQP3 and NF‐κB signaling pathway. Moreover, human intestinal epithelial cells (HT‐29) were treated with drug serum to obtain in vitro data. Results. Our results revealed that treatment with Maren pills increased the stool number, moisture content of feces, and intestinal transit rate in a dose‐dependent manner. Maren pills significantly increased the AQP3, fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR), and protein kinase A (PKA) proteins in the colon of rats and in HT‐29 cells. Mechanistically, Maren pills obviously inhibited the activation of NF‐κB pathway in the colon of rats and in HT‐29 cells. Conclusion. These results suggest that the laxative effect of Maren pills is associated with the increased expression of AQP3 by downregulating NF‐κB signal pathway.
Exploiting the Therapeutic Interaction of WNT Pathway Activation and Asparaginase for Colorectal Cancer Therapy
Authors: Hinze Laura , Labrosse Roxane , Degar James , Han Teng , Schatoff Emma M. , Schreek Sabine , Karim Salmaan , McGuckin Connor , Sacher Joshua R. , Wagner Florence , Stanulla Martin , Yuan Chen , Sicinska Ewa , Giannakis Marios , Ng Kimmie , Dow Lukas E. , Gutierrez Alejandro
Published: July 2020

Colorectal cancer is driven by mutations that activate canonical WNT/β-catenin signaling, but inhibiting WNT has significant on-target toxicity, and there are no approved therapies targeting dominant oncogenic drivers. We recently found that activating a β-catenin–independent branch of WNT signaling that inhibits GSK3-dependent protein degradation induces asparaginase sensitivity in drug-resistant leukemias. To test predictions from our model, we turned to colorectal cancer because these cancers can have WNT-activating mutations that function either upstream (i.e., R-spondin fusions) or downstream (APC or β-catenin mutations) of GSK3, thus allowing WNT/β-catenin and WNT-induced asparaginase sensitivity to be unlinked genetically. We found that asparaginase had little efficacy in APC or β-catenin–mutant colorectal cancer, but was profoundly toxic in the setting of R-spondin fusions. Pharmacologic GSK3α inhibition was sufficient for asparaginase sensitization in APC or β-catenin–mutant colorectal cancer, but not in normal intestinal progenitors. Our findings demonstrate that WNT-induced therapeutic vulnerabilities can be exploited for colorectal cancer therapy.

Significance:

Solid tumors are thought to be asparaginase-resistant via de novo asparagine synthesis. In leukemia, GSK3α-dependent protein degradation, a catabolic amino acid source, mediates asparaginase resistance. We found that asparaginase is profoundly toxic to colorectal cancers with WNT-activating mutations that inhibit GSK3. Aberrant WNT activation can provide a therapeutic vulnerability in colorectal cancer.

See related commentary by Davidsen and Sullivan, p. 1632.

This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 1611
The Implication of Organelle Cross Talk in AKI
Authors: Inagi Reiko
Published: July 2020

Organelle stress, such as mitochondrial or endoplasmic reticulum damage, plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of acute kidney injury (AKI). Further, persistent organelle stress, which causes metabolic abnormality followed by inflammation and fibrosis, is an important mediator of AKI-to-CKD transition. Organelle stress closely links to the derangement of organelle cross talk. Organelles intricately interact with each other under the physiological conditions to maintain their function each other and subsequent cell fate. Organelle stress and their cross talk are now a focus of intensive researches in the field of AKI as they are in the field of CKD.
Prenatal Methamphetamine Exposure and Adverse Neonatal Outcomes: A Nationwide Cohort Study
Authors: Gabrhelík Roman , Skurtveit Svetlana , Nechanská Blanka , Handal Marte , Mahic Milada , Mravčík Viktor
Published: July 2020

Background: There is limited knowledge on the adverse outcomes in newborns after maternal methamphetamine (MA) use during pregnancy. Objectives: To compare neonatal outcomes in newborns exposed to MA with the newborns of opioid-exposed mothers and of mothers from the general population (GP). Method: A cohort study using nationwide registries in Czechia (2000–2014). Women hospitalized with a main diagnosis of MA use disorder during pregnancy (n = 258) and their newborns were defined as MA-exposed. The comparison groups consisted of women (n = 199) diagnosed with opioid use disorder during pregnancy, defined as opioid-exposed, and women (n = 1,511,310) with no substance use disorder diagnosis (GP). The neonatal outcomes studied were growth parameters, gestational age, preterm birth, and Apgar score. To explore the associations between MA exposure and neonatal outcomes, regression coefficients (b) and odds ratios from multivariable linear and binary logistic regression were estimated. Results: MA-exposed women had similar socio-economic characteristics to opioid-exposed, both of which were worse than in the GP. After adjustment, MA exposure was associated with a more favourable birthweight when compared to the opioid-exposed (adjusted mean differences [aMD] b = 122.3 g, 95% CI: 26.0–218.5) and length (aMD b = 0.6 cm, 0.0–1.1). Unadjusted results from the comparison with the GP showed that the MA group had poorer neonatal outcomes, especially in the growth parameters. Adjustment for background characteristics had a profound effect on the comparison with the GP. After adjustment, MA exposure was associated only with a slightly reduced birthweight (aMD b = −63.0 g, −123.0 to −3.1) and birth length (aMD b = −0.3 cm, −0.6 to 0.0). Conclusions: Although the observed negative outcomes were large in the MA-exposed newborns, the adjustment had a profound effect on the comparison with the GP, indicating the large influence of lifestyle and socio-economic factors in these high-risk pregnancies. MA-exposed newborns had better neonatal outcomes compared to opioids-exposed.
Role of a Rare Variant in APC Gene Promoter 1B Region in Classic Familial Adenomatous Polyposis
Authors: Yang Mengyuan , Zhu Lila , Zhu Lizhen , Xu Dong , Yuan Ying
Published: July 2020

Background: Familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) is most commonly caused by germline variants in the adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) gene. Although definite pathogenic variants could be detected in the majority of individuals with FAP, there are still numerous variant-negative FAP patients. Method: We utilized a 139-gene next-generation sequencing (NGS) panel and multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA) to detect pathogenic variants in FAP patients and found a variant-negative pedigree. Through whole-exome sequencing (WES), we identified a point variant in the noncoding region in the APC gene. Finally, we used Sanger sequencing to analyze its pedigree cosegregation and a dual-luciferase reporter (DLR) assay to assess its function. Results: With the exception of 2 variants of undetermined significance (VUS), WES showed no pathogenic or likely pathogenic variants. After performing MLPA, the pedigree was still variant-negative. Interestingly, through WES, a point variant c.-190G>A located in the promoter 1B region of the APC gene was identified in 3 affected individuals. Moreover, a variant carrier was found during screening of the family with Sanger sequencing. Through the DLR assay, we further confirmed that the variant c.-190G>A caused significant suppression of downstream transcription of APC. Conclusions: The variant (c.-190G>A) in the APC promoter 1B region is able to cause FAP with a classic phenotype, but this kind of variant in the noncoding region could be missed by conventional genetic testing. Thus, utilizing sequencing technologies covering a larger area can help us to further explore the pathogenesis in variant-negative FAP cases.
Long Noncoding RNAs in Atherosclerosis and Vascular Injury
Authors: Pierce Jacob B. , Feinberg Mark W.
Published: July 2020

Despite major advances in the primary and secondary prevention of atherosclerosis and its risk factors, atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease remains a major clinical and financial burden on individuals and health systems worldwide. In addition, neointima formation and proliferation due to mechanical trauma to the vessel wall during percutaneous coronary interventions can lead to vascular restenosis and limit the longevity and effectiveness of coronary revascularization. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have emerged as a novel class of epigenetic regulators with critical roles in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and restenosis following vascular injury. Here, we provide an in-depth review of lncRNAs that regulate the development of atherosclerosis or contribute to the pathogenesis of restenosis following mechanical vascular injury. We describe the diverse array of intracellular mechanisms by which lncRNAs exert their regulatory effects. We highlight the utility and challenges of lncRNAs as biomarkers. Finally, we discuss the immense translational potential of lncRNAs and strategies for targeting them therapeutically using oligonucleotide-based therapeutics and novel gene therapy platforms.
Pharmacological Blockade of Glycoprotein VI Promotes Thrombus Disaggregation in the Absence of Thrombin
Authors: Ahmed Muhammad Usman , Kaneva Valeria , Loyau Stéphane , Nechipurenko Dmitry , Receveur Nicolas , Le Bris Marion , Janus-Bell Emily , Didelot Mélusine , Rauch Antoine , Susen Sophie , Chakfé Nabil , Lanza François , Gardiner Elizabeth E. , Andrews Robert K. , Panteleev Mikhail , Gachet Christian , Jandrot-Perrus Martine , Mangin Pierre H.
Published: July 2020

Objective:

Atherothrombosis occurs upon rupture of an atherosclerotic plaque and leads to the formation of a mural thrombus. Computational fluid dynamics and numerical models indicated that the mechanical stress applied to a thrombus increases dramatically as a thrombus grows, and that strong inter-platelet interactions are essential to maintain its stability. We investigated whether GPVI (glycoprotein VI)-mediated platelet activation helps to maintain thrombus stability by using real-time video-microscopy.

Approach and Results:

We showed that GPVI blockade with 2 distinct Fab fragments promoted efficient disaggregation of human thrombi preformed on collagen or on human atherosclerotic plaque material in the absence of thrombin. ACT017-induced disaggregation was achieved under arterial blood flow conditions, and its effect increased with wall shear rate. GPVI regulated platelet activation within a growing thrombus as evidenced by the loss in thrombus contraction when GPVI was blocked, and the absence of the disaggregating effect of an anti-GPVI agent when the thrombi were fully activated with soluble agonists. The GPVI-dependent thrombus stabilizing effect was further supported by the fact that inhibition of any of the 4 key immunoreceptor tyrosine-based motif signalling molecules, src-kinases, Syk, PI3Kβ, or phospholipase C, resulted in kinetics of thrombus disaggregation similar to ACT017. The absence of ACT017-induced disaggregation of thrombi from 2 afibrinogenemic patients suggests that the role of GPVI requires interaction with fibrinogen. Finally, platelet disaggregation of fibrin-rich thrombi was also promoted by ACT017 in combination with r-tPA (recombinant tissue plasminogen activator).

Conclusions:

This work identifies an unrecognized role for GPVI in maintaining thrombus stability and suggests that targeting GPVI could dissolve platelet aggregates with a poor fibrin content.
Fibrosis and Inflammatory Markers and Long-Term Risk of Peripheral Artery Disease
Authors: Ding Ning , Yang Chao , Ballew Shoshana H. , Kalbaugh Corey A. , McEvoy John W. , Salameh Maya , Aguilar David , Hoogeveen Ron C. , Nambi Vijay , Selvin Elizabeth , Folsom Aaron R. , Heiss Gerardo , Coresh Josef , Ballantyne Christie M. , Matsushita Kunihiro
Published: July 2020

Objective:

Inflammatory markers, such as hs-CRP (high-sensitivity C-reactive protein), have been reported to be related to peripheral artery disease (PAD). Galectin-3, a biomarker of fibrosis, has been linked to vascular remodeling and atherogenesis. However, its prospective association with incident PAD is unknown; as is the influence of inflammation on the association between galectin-3 and PAD.

Approach and Results:

In 9851 Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study participants free of PAD at baseline (1996–1998), we quantified the association of galactin-3 and hs-CRP with incident PAD (hospitalizations with PAD diagnosis [
International Classification of Diseases
-
Ninth Revision
: 440.2–440.4] or leg revascularization [eg,
International Classification of Diseases
-
Ninth Revision
: 38.18]) as well as its severe form, critical limb ischemia (PAD cases with resting pain, ulcer, gangrene, or leg amputation) using Cox models. Over a median follow-up of 17.4 years, there were 316 cases of PAD including 119 critical limb ischemia cases. Log-transformed galectin-3 was associated with incident PAD (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.17 [1.05–1.31] per 1 SD increment) and critical limb ischemia (1.25 [1.05–1.49] per 1 SD increment). The association was slightly attenuated after further adjusting for hs-CRP (1.14 [1.02–1.27] and 1.22 [1.02–1.45], respectively). Log-transformed hs-CRP demonstrated robust associations with PAD and critical limb ischemia even after adjusting for galectin-3 (adjusted hazard ratio per 1 SD increment 1.34 [1.18–1.52] and 1.34 [1.09–1.65], respectively). The addition of galectin-3 and hs-CRP to traditional atherosclerotic predictors (C statistic of the base model 0.843 [0.815–0.871]) improved the risk prediction of PAD (ΔC statistics, 0.011 [0.002–0.020]).

Conclusions:

Galectin-3 and hs-CRP were independently associated with incident PAD in the general population, supporting the involvement of fibrosis and inflammation in the pathophysiology of PAD.
Bilateral Bundle Branch Area Pacing to Achieve Physiological Conduction System Activation
Authors: Lin Jinxuan , Chen Keping , Dai Yan , Sun Qi , Li Yuqiu , Jiang Yong , Zhou Yu’an , Chen Ruohan , Jin Yuanhao , Yan Lirong , Zhou Xiaohong , Cheng Alan , Zhang Xue , Gold Michael R. , Zhang Shu
Published: July 2020

Background:

Left bundle branch pacing (LBBP) is a technique for conduction system pacing, but it often results in right bundle branch block morphology on the ECG. This study was designed to assess simultaneous pacing of the left and right bundle branch areas to achieve more synchronous ventricular activation.

Methods:

In symptomatic bradycardia patients, the distal electrode of a bipolar pacing lead was placed at the left bundle branch area via a transventricular-septal approach. This was used to pace the left bundle branch area, while the ring electrode was used to pace the right bundle branch area. Bilateral bundle branch area pacing (BBBP) was achieved by stimulating the cathode and anode in various pacing configurations. QRS duration, delayed right ventricular activation time, left ventricular activation time, and interventricular conduction delay were measured. Pacing stability and short-term safety were assessed at 3-month follow-up.

Results:

BBBP was successfully performed in 22 of 36 patients. Compared with LBBP, BBBP resulted in greater shortening of QRS duration (109.3±7.1 versus 118.4±5.7 ms,
P
<0.001). LBBP resulted in a paced right bundle branch block configuration, with a delayed right ventricular activation time of 115.0±7.5 ms and interventricular conduction delay of 34.0±8.8 ms. BBBP fully resolved the right bundle branch block morphology in 18 patients. In the remaining 4 patients, BBBP partially corrected the right bundle branch block with delayed right ventricular activation time decreasing from 120.5±4.7 ms during LBBP to 106.1±4.2 ms during BBBP (
P
=0.005).

Conclusions:

LBBP results in a relatively narrow QRS complex but with an interventricular activation delay. BBBP can diminish the delayed right ventricular activation, producing more physiological ventricular activation.

Graphic Abstract:

A
graphic abstract
is available for this article.
TyDi QA: A Benchmark for Information-Seeking Question Answering in Typologically Diverse Languages
Authors: Clark Jonathan H. , Choi Eunsol , Collins Michael , Garrette Dan , Kwiatkowski Tom , Nikolaev Vitaly , Palomaki Jennimaria
Published: July 2020

Confidently making progress on multilingual modeling requires challenging, trustworthy evaluations. We present TyDi QA—a question answering dataset covering 11 typologically diverse languages with 204K question-answer pairs. The languages of TyDi QA are diverse with regard to their typology—the set of linguistic features each language expresses—such that we expect models performing well on this set to generalize across a large number of the world’s languages. We present a quantitative analysis of the data quality and example-level qualitative linguistic analyses of observed language phenomena that would not be found in English-only corpora. To provide a realistic information-seeking task and avoid priming effects, questions are written by people who want to know the answer, but don’t know the answer yet, and the data is collected directly in each language without the use of translation.
Performance Measures to Assess the Success of Contemporary Science Parks
Authors: Dabrowska Justyna , de Faria Adriana Ferreira
Published: July 2020

Although the science park (SP) concept is more than 50 years old, it has been continuously evolving and changing and new doubts, questions and needs have come to light. In order to understand and talk about the future of SPs, it seems necessary to understand their actual level of success. It is not a straightforward task as SPs are multi-owner organisations and definition of success will vary from one SP to another. Moreover, SPs have developed new roles and activities that are not easy to measure. Thereby, the aim of this paper is to fill in the gaps that exist in the literature on measuring the extent of success of contemporary SPs as individual organisations providing support for the benefit of its community. The paper proposes to measure SP success by means of a performance measurement system (pms). It offers a theory grounded tool to assess the effectiveness of SP actions and activities including knowledge-based activity. Additionally, the paper provides some strong evidence that SPs show characteristics in common with knowledge intensive organisations (kios) and therefore play an important role in orchestrating innovation ecosystems.
Two new species of Artocarpus (Moraceae) from Thailand and Vietnam

Authors: GARDNER ELLIOT M. , CHAVEERACH ARUNRAT , SUDMOON RUNGLAWAN , ZEREGA NYREE J.C.
Published: July 2020

Recent taxonomic work on Artoarpus has revealed two undescribed species from Thailand and Vietnam. Artocarpus rubrosoccatus, endemic to peninsular Thailand, resembles A. lacucha but is distinguished by its deep red clavate staminate inflorescences. Artocarpus montanus is found in the montane regions of southern and central Vietnam, and perhaps also in Thailand. This species resembles the vegetative parts of A. lowii and A. excelsus, but A. montanus differs in its longer syncarp processes and its geographic distribution. The vast majority of Artocarpus species are found in tropical lowlands, and A. montanus, along with A. excelsus, represent the only known members of the genus that are restricted to montane habitats. The provisional conservation assessment of both new species is Near Threatened, because although their known areas of occupancy are restricted, both occur in protected areas.
Cymbidium codonanthum (Orchidaceae; Epidendroideae; Cymbidiinae), a new species from China: evidence from morphological and molecular analyses

Authors: JIANG YUTING , MA LIANG , LIN RUQIANG , XIONG YUANFANG , JIANG SHUZHEN , LIU BIN , LIU ZHONG-JIAN , CHEN SHIPIN
Published: July 2020

A new orchid species, Cymbidium codonanthum, from Yunnan Province, China, is described and illustrated based on morphological and molecular analyses. A detailed comparison between the newly discovered orchid and other members of Cymbidium was performed. The new plant what is similar to C. cochleare, but it is characterized by several morphological features that distinguish it from the latter as well as all other known species of Cymbidium. A molecular study based on nuclear ribosomal ITS and plastid matK and rbcL DNA sequence data indicates that C. codonanthum is genetically distinct from other species and a member of Cymbidium section Cyperochis.
Subfossil chironomids (Diptera, Chironomidae) of lakes in the Tatra Mountains: an illustrated guide
Authors: CHAMUTIOVÁ TÍMEA , HAMERLÍK LADISLAV , BITUŠÍK PETER
Published: July 2020

Here we present a summary of subfossil chironomids (Diptera: Chironomidae) found in the surface sediments of 52 Tatra Mts. lakes (Slovakia, Poland). Head capsules of 73 morphotypes of 5 subfamilies are described and illustrated. In addition to the previously documented subfossils by Brooks et al. (2007), we present 15 new morphotypes: Diamesa Tatra-type A, Diamesa Tatra-type B, Pseudodiamesa branickii-type, Pseudodiamesa nivosa-type, Pseudokiefferiella parva, Brillia bifida-type, Cricotopus (Paratrichocladius) skirwithensis-type, Cricotopus (Cricotopus) tremulus-type, Cricotopus/Orthocladius I, Eukiefferiella brevicalcar-type, Eukiefferiella claripennis-type B, Orthocladius (Orthocladius) dentifer-type, O. (Mesorthocladius) frigidus, Orthocladius (Euorthocladius) sp. and Tanytarsini indet. Most of these types have possibly broad distribution patterns in Europe. We believe that due to specific features of each region, this paper will serve as a helpful manual for limnologists and paleolimnologists working not only in the Tatra Mts. but also in the whole Carpathian region.
Insights into the Urogymnid whiprays (Chondrichthyes: Batoidea) in the Persian Gulf and the Gulf of Oman, with an amendment of their diagnostic characteristics and dispersal range
Authors: GOLZARIANPOUR KIAVASH , MALEK MASOUMEH , GOLESTANINASAB MEHDI , SARAFRAZI ALIMORAD , KOCHMANN JUDITH , KLIMPEL SVEN
Published: July 2020

Correct identification of elasmobranch species is crucial for taxonomic and parasitological research. Although molecular barcoding may be the fastest choice to determine the identity of a given species, robust and fast species level identification in the field using morphological characters is essential. During this study, 389 specimens representing seven stingray species (Brevitrygon walga, Himantura leoparda, H. uarnak, Maculabatis randalli, M. arabica, M. gerrardi and Pateobatis fai) were examined from the Persian Gulf and the Gulf of Oman. A 1044 bp fragment of the NADH2 gene was generated for 50 specimens with representatives of all species. To verify the initial morphological identification and to compare intra- and interspecific differences a Neighbor-Joining analysis was conducted using uncorrected p-distances, whereas the Bayesian Inference was used to examine the relationships among taxa. Two species (M. arabica and M. gerrardi) are documented from the Persian Gulf for the first time. The molecular results provide the first known evidence of the sympatric distribution of M. randalli and M. arabica in the north and northwestern Indian Ocean. The results of the Bayesian Inference support the recent divergence of both species. Based on morphological comparisons and molecular support we suggest that the descriptions of M. randalli and M. arabica have been carried out on heterogeneous type series which has led to inconsistency between molecular identification and diagnostic morphological characteristics. Detailed morphological examination revealed that there is a relation between the type and number of denticles on the mid-dorsal surface of the disc and the color pattern of the tail. To address this taxonomic conflict all type materials should be re-examined. The Bayesian Inference tree showed that all specimens from the Persian Gulf and the Gulf of Oman morphologically resembling B. walga were found to group well outside those of the Indian species (B. imbricata) with an average p-distance of 0.097. The low nucleotide differences among the urogymnid taxa (P. fai and H. leoparda) from the Persian Gulf and the Gulf of Oman and their conspecific specimens in the Indo-West Pacific region revealed that philopatric behaviors may cause considerable gene flow among populations.
Analysis of Oral Carcinogenesis Factors Based on Non Negative Matrix Evolutionary Spectrum Clustering Decomposition
Authors: Linna Du , Enwei Liu , Jiaxia Wang , Yifeng Cui
Published: July 2020

To explore the risk factors of Oral Submucosal fibrous carcinogenesis and provide theoretical basis for selfprevention and clinical treatment. First of all, an evolutionary non negative matrix factorization framework based on clustering quality is proposed for dynamic oral carcinogenesis
detection. Then, the equivalence among evolutionary spectral clustering, ENMF and density optimization of evolutionary modules is proved theoretically. At the same time, based on this equivalence, a new semi-supervised ENMF algorithm is proposed by adding a priori information to ENMF without
increasing the time complexity. Using this algorithm, 42 patients with Oral Submucosal Fibrosis and 40 non-cancerous patients with oral submucosal fibrosis were analyzed by single factor and multi-factor analysis to study the quantitative relationship between Oral Submucosal Fibrosis and 14
related factors. The results suggested that age, betel nut chewing duration, smoking duration and leukoplakia or lichen planus were the four factors which were introduced into the cluster quality analysis. Age, betel nut chewing duration, smoking duration and complications of leukoplakia or
lichen planus are risk factors for Oral Submucosal fibrous carcinogenesis.
Evaluation of Real-Time Three-Dimensional Echocardiography in Right Ventricular Function and Hemodynamics in Patients with Idiopathic Pulmonary Hypertension
Authors: Li Yedan , Wang. Hao , Wu Weichun , Jiang Yong
Published: July 2020

Objective: Oriented with the assessment on real-time echocardiography based upon three dimensions (RT-3DE) in estimating right ventricular function and hemodynamics in the patients undergoing idiopathic pulmonary hypertension. Methods: Sixty patients living with idiopathic
pulmonary hypertension admitted to our hospital from September 2018 to June 2019 were enrolled. Another 20 healthy examiners were selected as healthy controls. According to pulmonary systolic blood pressure, 60 patients were divided into 20 mild patients, 20 moderate ones as well as 20 severe
ones. RT-3DE was used to measure right heart structure related parameters in all subjects, including left ventricular transverse diameter (LVTD), right ventricular transverse diameter (RVTD), right ventricular global end diastolic volume (EDV), right ventricular ejection fraction (RVEF). End-systolic
volume (ESV), stroke volume (SV), as well as hemodynamic parameters, including pulmonary systolic pressure (SPAP), right heart output (RCO), pulmonary diastolic blood pressure (DPAP), pulmonary arterial pressure (MPAP). The differences in right heart structure parameters and hemodynamic parameters
betwixt the PH Group and the healthy control Group were compared. In addition, conventional two-dimensional echocardiography (2DE) and RT-3DE were used to compare the images of the patients who had serious pulmonary hypertension and those of the Control Group to analyze the tricuspid annulus
systolic displacement (TAPSE), the Tei index, and the tricuspid annulus systolic peak velocity (S’) value. The Result is that SPAP, DPAP, and MPAP achieved higher level in the PH Group compared to those in the Healthy Group, and P < 0005, the difference took on statistical
significance. Those data of SPAP, DPAP and MPAP in the moderate and severe PH Group were higher than those in the mild PH Group, and P < 0005, the difference was of statistical significance. The RCO of the patients from the PH Group as well as the Healthy Group got under comparison,
and P < 0005. They presented statistics-based dramatic difference. In addition, RCO showed a gradual decline in the patients who came down with mild, moderate, and serious PH, and the results were statistically significant. In addition, the comparison between RT-3DE and conventional
echocardiography shows that RT-3DE has higher accuracy and diagnostic value.
Predictive Fuzzy Neural Network Based Effect of Heat Shock Protein on Prognosis of Tumor Cells
Authors: Wang Lu , Li. Yang
Published: July 2020

In this study, a mouse model of pancreatic carcinoma in situ and a subcutaneous model were used to simulate the actual situation of pancreatic carcinoma after operation, Mice inoculated with Mycobacterium tuberculosis heat shock protein 65 (mHSP65) pancreatic cancer tissue-derived
lysate (TDL) and pancreatic cancer cellderived lysate (TCL) respectively to prepare pancreatic cancer vaccine, and combined with low dose cyclophosphamide (CCY) to observe its anti-pancreatic cancer effect in tumor-bearing mice. The experiments showed that survival time of tumor-bearing mice
can be prolong by the combination of mHSP65-TCL and CY, decrease the tumor-producing rate, inhibit tumor growth and induce long-term immune memory, but the combination of mHSP65-TCL and CY could not show this effect. We further validated the antitumor effect and mechanism of mHSP65-TTL combined
with CY in vivo.
Diagnosis of Neuropathy of Cervical Posterior Longitudinal Ligament by Medical Imaging Technology
Authors: Yang Cheng , Wang Liguo , Wang Guijiang , Paolo Bortolotti
Published: July 2020

The patients were evaluated by the International Orthopaedic Association evaluation method and graded and correlated by medical imaging technology. The results showed that 41% of the patients had unstable gait and sensory loss of lower limbs or muscle weakness in the analysis of clinical
manifestations. In the analysis of therapeutic effect by using medical imaging technology, it was found that the patients’ scores increased significantly after operation, which was significantly different from those before operation (P < 0.01). There was a significant correlation
between preoperative scores and imaging changes, but no significant correlation between other indicators after surgery. Therefore, through the study, it is found that the application of medical imaging technology in the observation and treatment of ossification of the posterior longitudinal
ligament of cervical spine can play a very positive and accurate role in the analysis of the patient’s condition, and provide an experimental basis for the selection of treatment methods for ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament of cervical spine and the application direction
of medical imaging technology.
Effects of Different Rehabilitation Training Methods Under Color Doppler Flow Imaging on Functional Ankle Instability
Authors: Sun Yan
Published: July 2020

The research aimed to evaluate the therapeutic effect of functional ankle instability (FAI) and to monitor the rehabilitation effect of neuromuscular training based on color doppler ultrasound. In this research, 70 patients with FAI who were admitted to XYZ hospital on January 30, 2018,
solstice and July 30, 2019 were selected and divided into experimental group (EG) and control group (CG) randomly. In the EG, 35 patients underwent routine muscle strength training combined with neuromuscular training. In the CG, 35 patients received routine muscle strength training. Color
doppler flow imaging (CDFI) was used to make imaging diagnosis of ankle joint condition before and after rehabilitation training in the two groups, and the Cumberland ankle instability tool (CAIT), American Orthopaedic Foot and ankle Societ (AOFAS), t-type agility test and Sargent longitudinal
jump test were performed in the two groups before and after training. Multivariate Logistic regression model (LRM) was adopted to analyze the relation between ankle instability score and age, height, weight, total leg length, course of disease and training years. It was concluded that CAIT
score, AOFAS score, and Sargent longitudinal jump test results of the EG were greatly higher than those of the CG after training, with statistically significant differences (SSD) (P < 0.05). After rehabilitation training, the test results of t-type agility in the EG were significantly
lower than those in the CG, with SSD (P < 0.05). CAIT score, AOFAS score and Sargeant longitudinal jump test results in the two groups after rehabilitation training were greatly higher than those before training, with SSD (P < 0.05), and t-type agility test results were
greatly lower than those in the CG, with SSD (P < 0.05). The CAIT score of the patients were negatively related to age and course of disease (P < 0.05), indicating that the two rehabilitation training methods could effectively improve the recovery of ankle instability score,
agility variability ability, lower limb eruption and flexibility of the patients, and the neuromuscular training methods were more effective. Age and course of the disease are the risk factors that affect the rehabilitation effect of patients. In the early stage of functional ankle joint instability,
medical treatment should be timely to avoid greater injury.
Application of Elasticity Imaging Techniques Based on Ultrasound in Breast Tumor Activity, Blood Supply, and Benign and Malignant Tumor Diagnosis
Authors: Fan Huaiyu , Ma Junshan , Garcia Carol
Published: July 2020

Objective: The purpose of the study is to discuss the application of ultrasound elasticity imaging techniques in the diagnosis of breast tumor activity, blood supply, benign and malignant tumor diagnosis, and help better diagnosing. Methods: 94 lesions of 84 femalebreast
lesions patients were evaluated by conventional ultrasound and static ultrasound elasticity imaging techniques, including 29 malignant lesions and 65 benign lesions. The ultrasonic image was processed by image denoising algorithm. 5-point scale criteria were used to evaluate the elasticity
of each lesion, and measure the strain rate (SR) and the mean value of strain color histogram of each lesion. The receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was used to analyze the diagnostic sensitivity, specificity, and area under the curve (Az) of various indicators, and evaluate
the diagnostic value of conventional ultrasound, static ultrasound elastic imaging, and the combination of the two. Results: the highest Az value of 0.941 was obtained by combining the three static ultrasound elasticity imaging techniques, namely, scoring method, SR method, and
strain color histogram method with conventional ultrasound. It was higher than that (0.891) based on conventional ultrasound breast image report and data system (BI-RADS). Moreover, the diagnosis sensitivity was significantly improved, and the specificity was basically unchanged. Conclusion:
the combination of static ultrasound elasticity imaging techniques and conventional ultrasound can reduce the number of benign breast lesions and avoid the omission of malignant lesions requiring biopsy. Static ultrasound elasticity imaging techniques are helpful to distinguish the breast
lesions. It can be used as a supplement to conventional ultrasound and improve the diagnostic efficiency of ultrasound.
Exploration of the Effects of Family Therapy on the Rehabilitation of Unipolar Depression Patients Under Computed Tomography Scan Information Technology
Authors: Mei Rui , Fan Fang , Lv Lu , Wang Fang , Liu Xiaobo , Liu Lianzhong
Published: July 2020

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of family therapy on brain computed tomography (CT) information in unipolar depression patients. In this study, 35 cases of unipolar depression patients who visited xxx hospital from March 2017 to August 2019 but received no systematic
treatment were taken as the study subjects. CT scan was used to detect and compare the CT values of left frontal lobe, right frontal lobe, left temporal lobe and right temporal lobe of patients with depression before and three months after family treatment. Patients’ levels of depression
and anxiety before and after treatment were determined by Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD) and Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA). The cognitive function of patients before and after treatment was evaluated by Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE). The physical and social function, and mental health
of them were assessed by health status questionnaire (SF-36). The correlation between CT values of each lobe and clinical characteristics of patients was analyzed by multivariate linear regression model. The results showed that the CT values and SF-36 scores of the left and right frontal lobe
after treatment were significantly higher than that before treatment (P < 0.05), while the HAMD MMSE scores were significantly lower than those before treatment (P < 0.05). The linear-regression analysis results showed that CT values of the left frontal lobe were negatively
correlated with the patient’s age and disease course (P < 0.05), and CT values of the right frontal lobe were negatively correlated with the patient’s age (P < 0.05), and CT values of the left temporal lobe were negatively correlated with the patient’s
disease course (P < 0.05). It indicates that the pathogenesis of depression is related to the function of brain structure. However, the social ability of unipolar depression patients and their emotional depression and psychological state can be effectively improved by family therapy,
which also has a significant effect on the recovery of the disease.
Analysis of the Value of Laparoscopy Combined with Right Thoracic Small Incision Ivor-Lewis in the Treatment of Cardia Cancer Under X-ray Biomedical Imaging
Authors: Guo Bin , Li Yong , Li Fei , He Ming , Oannidis Yannis
Published: July 2020

In order to explore the accuracy of image segmentation algorithm in the biological image segmentation of cardia cancer patients with X-ray barium meal imaging and the effect of laparoscopy combined with right thoracic small incision Ivor Lewis on the prognosis of patients with cardia
cancer, 185 patients diagnosed with cardiac cancer in xxx hospital from June 2015 to December 2018 were taken as research objects. Based on X-ray barium meal images, the efficiency of manual segmentation and the proposed watershed based minimum error threshold algorithm for image segmentation
was compared. Based on the segmentation results, 185 patients with cardiac cancer were divided into the control group (n = 105) and the test group (n = 80), and the control group received traditional Ivor Lewis surgery, while the test group received laparoscopic Ivor Lewis surgery
combined with a small incision in the right chest. Postoperative comparison was made between the two groups of patients on the 3rd day after the operation in the number of lymph node dissection, the incidence of postoperative complications, and the pain score 24 h after the operation. The
results showed that the minimum error threshold algorithm based on watershed presented in this study was significantly more accurate than manual segmentation in the segmentation of X-ray barium meal images of cardiac cancer patients. The intraoperative blood loss, postoperative out-of-bed
activity time and hospitalization time of the experimental group were significantly lower than that of the control group, and the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). The complication rates of postoperative chest drainage volume, postoperative 24 h pain score, postoperative
pulmonary infection, bleeding and anastomotic fistula in the 2 d test group were all lower than those in the control group, and the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05), which indicated that the watershed based minimum error threshold algorithm proposed in this study
can effectively achieve the segmentation of X-ray barium meal images of patients with cardiac cancer, while the laparoscopy combined with the right thoracic small incision Ivor Lewis can effectively improve the quality of life of patients.
Adoption of Computerized Tomography Quantitative Imaging Data in the Evaluation of Severe Acute Pancreatitis by Pleural Effusion
Authors: Wang Jun , Wang Dongmei , Qiu Mei , Lou Jing , Fang Rong , Wang Qian , Shi Rong , Fei Xuejie , Ou Yangyang , Wang Qing , Wang Wenqing , Jiang Chunlei , Zhu Binghua
Published: July 2020

In order to study the pleural effusion (PE) in Severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) in patients with the clinical value of diagnosis, in this study, 78 patients with SAP who were included in Shandong Jinan Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from January 31, 2017 to December
30, 2019 were selected as the experimental group (EG) and 78 patients with mild acute pancreatitis (MAP) as the control group (CG). The PE was diagnosed by computerized tomography (CT) imaging technology, and the patients with PE in the two groups were divided into small group, medium group
and large group according to the volume of PE. The concurrent symptoms of SAP were recorded, and the relation between the occurrence of PE and the complications of SAP was analyzed by a multivariate Logistic regression model (LRM). It was concluded that the concurrent rate of PE in the EG
was greatly higher than that in the CG, and the number of cases in the medium and multiple groups was also greatly higher than that in the CG (P < 0.05). There were statistically significant differences (SSD) in acute renal failure, hypovolemic shock and pancreatic pseudocyst in
the PE small amount group, medium amount group and large amount group (P < 0.05). The complications of SAP in patients with acute renal failure, hypovolemic shock and pancreatic pseudocyst were positively correlated with age and PE (P < 0.05), which showed that CT could
present the PE more directly, which was beneficial to the diagnosis of SAP. In addition, the increased amount of PE indicated the aggravation of SAP and the occurrence of concurrent symptoms, which is helpful for early assessment of patients’ condition and prediction of poor prognosis
as an independent indicator to evaluate the early stage of SAP.