bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ut musica pictura: Góngora y la retórica sonoro-visual en unas anotaciones inéditas de Angulo y Pulgar al Polifemo
Ut musica pictura: Góngora and the Sound-Visual Rhetoric in unpublished Anotations of Angulo y Pulgar to the Polifemo
Authors: Borrego Francisco Javier Escobar
Published: March 2020

On the margins of the Góngora polemic, Martín de Angulo y Pulgar proceeded to reclaim the poetic image of Góngora in the third decade of the seventeenth century, while preparing an edition of his poetry. For this, he used Jean de Courbes’ engraved portrait of Góngora and, as editor, included another one by himself. To complete this strategy of (self-)promotion, Angulo paid special attention to the ties between Góngora’s verses and the fine arts, above all in his poetic painting of the Polifemo and his use of the chiaroscuro, and the stylization of forms, with El Greco always in the background.
Tensions about Technology, Monstrous Doubling, and Magical Illusion in The Prestige
Authors: Humann Heather Duerre
Published: March 2020

Christopher Nolan’s film The Prestige traces the rivalry between two stage magicians (Borden and Angier) and, in telling their stories, also demonstrates the versatility of the figure of the doppelgänger. Specifically, the film calls attention to how the double can operate as a cultural vehicle to bring to the forefront the concerns of a given era. In the case of Borden, the film offers an update on the twin formula and raises questions about self and identity. The case of Angier and the existence of his duplicates showcases the degree to which humans are evolving with technology and highlights the many cultural anxieties that technological change brings about.
A Corpus-Based Study on the Use of Reporting Verbs in Applied Linguistics Articles
Authors: Un-udom Suwitchan , Un-udom Nathaya
Published: March 2020

Reporting verbs is one of the most important issues in writing academic paper because they are used to express the process and reliability of claims to support authors’ writing. Therefore, the current study aimed at investigating (1) the most frequently used category of reporting verbs in applied linguistic articles and (2) how the category used in the citation process is used. 52 articles from three applied linguistic journals were analyzed using Antconc software’s concordance function. This study focused on reporting verbs used in the literature review section since it consists of more reporting verbs than other sections in articles. The reporting verbs in the articles were analyzed into a concordance line and then were classified into Hyland’s Framework of reporting verbs (2002). The results of the study showed that the uses of reporting verbs were classified into research acts, which was the most frequent use of reporting verbs, discourse acts, and cognition acts respectively. The study also presented the frequently used of reporting verbs in different subcategories of the research, discourse, and cognition acts. Additionally, reporting verbs were examined to investigate the verb forms and voices used in applied linguistic articles. The use of reporting verbs according to Hyland’s (2002) framework, verb forms, and voices are also discussed.
Impact of Irregular Tooth Pitch of Circular Saw Blades on Power for Wood Cross-Cutting
Authors: Krilek Jozef , Ťavodová Miroslava , Kováč Ján , Tichý Branislav
Published: March 2020

The article deals with the influence of irregular tooth pitch on energy consumption of cross-cutting wood. In this article, the effect was assessed of feeding velocity and parameters of saw blade on the cutting power Pc of spruce (Picea Abies), pine (Pinus Sylvestris) and beech (Fagus Silvatica) wood during sawing with a guided circular saw. For the research, two types of circular saw blades were used, one of them having irregular tooth pitch. The circular saw blades had sintered carbide inserts with a diameter of D = 350 mm and the same number of teeth. The feed velocities were vf = 4, 8,12 m∙min-1 and revolutions n = 3000 min-1. The results showed that the circular saw blades with irregular tooth pitch have higher energy consumption than the circular saw blades with regular tooth pitch. The highest cutting power Pc was shown in the case of beech. It was also shown that energy consumption is increasing linearly with increasing feed velocity.
Synthesis of Bio-Oilphenol-Formaldehyde Resins under Alkali Conditions
Authors: Özbay Günay , Cekic Caglar , Ahmad Muhammad Syarhabil , Kokten Erkan Sami
Published: March 2020

In the present study, bio-oil produced from vacuum pyrolysis of woody biomass has been investigated as a source of chemical feedstock. Bio-based resins were produced using the bio- oil with phenol substitutions ranging from 10 to 30 wt%. The conventional GC/MS analysis was carried out for the evaluation of the chemical composition of bio-oil. TGA, DSC and FT-IR analyses were used in order to characterize the bio-oil-phenol-formaldehyde (BPF) resins. The bonding quality of wood samples bonded with the BPF resins was investigated under different pre-treatment conditions. The highest shear strength was observed for the control samples bonded with the laboratory PF resin. As the amount of bio-oil was increased up to 30 wt%, the shear strength of the samples decreased from 12.08 to 11.76 N/mm2. The bonding performance was not negatively affected by the combination of bio-oil under dry conditions. According to TS EN 12765 standard, the relevant performance requirements for bonded samples under dry conditions must be at least 10 N/mm2. Relating to the standard, all samples bonded with BPF resins obtained the requirements for durability class C1. Under wet conditions, the bonding performance was negatively affected by the addition of bio-oil. However, the BPF resins fulfilled the durability requirements for C1, C2, and C3 specified in EN 12765 (2002).
School Furniture Ergonomics in Prevention of Pupils’ Poor Sitting Posture
Authors: Alibegović Aldina , Mačak Hadžiomerović Amra , Pašalić Adisa , Domljan Danijela
Published: March 2020

Physical and psychological disorders in school-age children, as a consequence of prolonged sitting in class, denote one of the alarming issues of the today’s civilization. Scientific and professional literature pays great attention to the causes and phenomena of postural disorders caused by prolonged sitting, such as musculoskeletal disorders and back pain (MSD/BP). This phenomenon in children is increasingly correlated with school furniture design. School furniture, especially the chair and desk, are one of the most important factors to achieve the right body posture of pupils during school education. Despite this, not much attention is paid to the ergonomic requirements in furniture design, which are a prerequisite for good health, motivation improvement and learning of students. The objective of this paper is to show the impact of unmatched school furniture on the development of health problems and poor pupils’ posture through a review of scientific literature and previous studies concerning the issue. The results include a comparison of ten papers published in the period from 2004 to 2017 in Finland, Greece, Croatia, Slovenia, Nigeria, Brazil, Iran, Belgium, United Kingdom and India. Various databases have been used, including Pub Med, Google Scholar, Medline, Hrčak, Dabar, Science Direct and Science Citation Index. By reviewing the previous research of the selected authors dealing with sitting posture in school, an insight was gained into the effect of inadequate body postures on pupils’ health that could be used as guidance for new school furniture design.
Response of chamomile Matricaria recutita to low and moderate soil cadmium pollution
Authors: Narkevičiūtė Vilgailė , Žaltauskaitė Jūratė
Published: March 2020

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of soil cadmium (Cd) pollution to the growth and quality of medicinal herbs plant chamomile (Matricaria recutita L.) and their extracts. The plants were grown in soils contaminated with Cd (3, 6, 12 mgCd/kg) for four weeks. The morphological, physiological, biochemical parameters and the content of Cd in chamomile tissues and infusions were determined. The results of this study showed that soil contamination with Cd had no adverse effect to the aboveground biomass of chamomile, but slightly reduced root biomass. Cd treatment significantly reduced the number of flowers and their dry weight. Cd soil pollution had no significant adverse effect on the content of photosynthetic pigments, though induced lipid peroxidation and an increase in MDA content was recorded. Cadmium concentrations in the plant tissues and extracts increased along with Cd concentration in the soil. It was found that Cd concentrations in chamomile flowers and infusions were above the maximum allowable Cd levels in medicinal plants and drinking water. This study demonstrated that the use of chamomile products may pose a risk to human health even if chamomiles are growing at environmentally relevant Cd soil concentration.
Electro-biosystems with mosses on the green roofs
Authors: Rusyn Iryna , Hamkalo Кhrystyna
Published: March 2020

The article presents the research of bioelectricity generation by electro-biosystems with mosses in containers with a soil substrate and a graphite-Zn-steel system of electrodes on green roofs during the autumn-winter-spring period. It is revealed that the optimum conditions for the functioning of electro-biosystems is the temperature above +10°С with simultaneous regular humidification of the soil. In these conditions, an average current of 19.50 mA was recorded. Electro-biosystems react by lowering in the level of produced bioelectric potential and current strength at temperature drops below 10°C, and in particular at frosts, and also, in the long absence of atmospheric precipitation. Electro-biosystems with mosses to varying degrees survived the winter period: in a significant part of them, connections between the electrodes was damaged due to the effect of frozen water or/and freezing of plants. The most optimal configuration of the electrode system for generating bioelectricity, which functions at the initial level after winter time, is established. Thermo-insulated electro-biosystems with mosses under the conditions of regular humidification have prospects of their use on green roofs of buildings after general increase of the generated bioelectric potential and current strength.
Noninvasive Follicular Tumor With Papillary-like Nuclear Features: A Practice Changer in Thyroid Pathology
Authors: LiVolsi Virginia A. , Baloch Zubair
Published: March 2020

Context.—

This article presents a review of noninvasive follicular thyroid neoplasm with papillary-like nuclear features (NIFTP), including its separation from follicular variant of papillary carcinoma of the thyroid, its evolution, and current definition and pathologic characteristics.

Objectives.—

To emphasize the understanding of the concept of NIFTP as a neoplasm based on molecular analyses, its critical histopathologic features, the microscopic findings that exclude the diagnosis, and the importance of complete sectioning of the tumor to exclude neoplasms that should be diagnosed as carcinomas. Important distinctions are discussed including difficulties with literature that shows NIFTP with metastases, inadequacy of sectioning of the tumor, and lack of descriptive histology of the surrounding thyroid and possible other lesions.

Data Sources.—

Review of articles in the English literature on NIFTP, as well as comparative papers showing differences and distinctions between this entity and papillary carcinomas.

Conclusions.—

This article concludes that with the current state of knowledge on NIFTP with studies from all over the world, this entity is a low-risk neoplasm that, when diagnosed using appropriate criteria, should not be associated with metastatic or recurrent disease, at least on intermediate length of follow-up. This review includes discussion of multifocal NIFTP, as well as the recently defined micro-NIFTP (1 cm or less), and describes features of the tumor that remain to be studied and correlated with outcome: oncocytic variants of NIFTP, percentage of allowable solid areas of growth in the lesions, and definitions of true neoplastic papillae and hyperplastic ones and how these should influence the diagnosis of NIFTP.
Low-dimensional bounded cohomology and extensions of groups
Authors: Heuer Nicolaus
Published: March 2020

Bounded cohomology of groups was first studied by Gromov in 1982 in his seminal paper M. Gromov, Volume and bounded cohomology, Inst. Hautes Études Sci. Publ. Math. (1982), no. 56, 5–99. Since then it has sparked much research in Geometric Group Theory. However, it is notoriously hard to explicitly compute bounded cohomology, even for most basic “non-positively curved” groups. On the other hand, there is a well-known interpretation of ordinary group cohomology in dimension $2$ and $3$ in terms of group extensions. The aim of this paper is to make this interpretation available for bounded group cohomology. This will involve quasihomomorphisms as defined and studied by K. Fujiwara and M. Kapovich, On quasihomomorphisms with noncommutative targets, Geom. Funct. Anal. 26 (2016), no. 2, 478–519.
The weak Lefschetz property for quotients by quadratic monomials
Authors: Migliore Juan , Nagel Uwe , Schenck Hal
Published: March 2020

Michałek and Miró-Roig, in J. Combin. Theory Ser. A 143 (2016), 66–87, give a beautiful geometric characterization of Artinian quotients by ideals generated by quadratic or cubic monomials, such that the multiplication map by a general linear form fails to be injective in the first nontrivial degree. Their work was motivated by conjectures of Ilardi and Mezzetti, Miró-Roig and Ottaviani, connecting the failure to Laplace equations and classical results of Togliatti on osculating planes. We study quotients by quadratic monomial ideals, explaining failure of the Weak Lefschetz Property for some cases not covered by Michałek and Miró-Roig.
Comunicación y evaluación del conocimiento académico: tecnocracia y mercado
Authors: Martín Valdunciel M. Engracia
Published: March 2020

La evaluación en general y la de sistemas educativos, en particular, es una práctica que se ha ido globalizando desde fines del siglo pasado. Institucionalmente se presenta como un mecanismo inevitable de modernización e internacionalización de la educación o de la investigación de acuerdo a estándares de ámbito europeo o mundial.
En este trabajo se mantiene la tesis de que la evaluación académica constituye un dispositivo para disciplinar instituciones y sujetos. Para abordar el tema contextualizaremos, en primer lugar, la expansión de la cultura de la auditoría porque creemos que la perspectiva histórica, económica y política enmarca el acontecimiento a escala global y le da sentido como dispositivo de poder. En segundo lugar, analizaremos el mecanismo a través de algunas instancias y discursos clave que lo sostienen. Por último, expondremos las limitaciones de algunos cuestionamientos al sistema evaluador.
La utopía frente al Gran Hotel Abismo: reflexiones en torno a la Biografía coral de la Escuela de Frankfurt de Stuart Jeffries
Authors: Hernández Sánchez Gustavo
Published: March 2020

El siguiente texto es un apunte crítico en torno a la lectura de la obra de Stuart Jeffries, Gran Hotel Abismo. Biografía coral de la Escuela de Frankfurt. En él se destaca el innegable valor divulgativo y afán polémico del periodista británico para acercar al gran público una cuestión tan compleja como es la introducción de los autores que conforman la Escuela de Frankfurt (desde Th. Adorno y M. Horkheimer, a W. Benjamin, E. Fromm, H. Marcuse o J. Habermas, entre otros). Nos sirve asimismo para reflexionar en torno al contexto histórico que atravesaron todos ellos, especialmente en el intervalo que va de la Gran Guerra al final de la Segunda Guerra Mundial y que ha sido definido por algunos historiadores como “Era de las catástrofes” o “Guerra Civil Europea”. También para hacer una valoración en torno al papel del pensamiento crítico y de la propia izquierda después del “fin de las utopías”, como uno de los elementos centrales que preconizó esta escuela de pensamiento.
Lo que la historia global es y lo que debiera ser
Authors: Seoane Juan
Published: March 2020

La globalización, como fenómeno histórico vinculado a la fase expansiva de la última gran revolución tecnológica, ha tenido, como otras globalizaciones históricas, un extraordinario impacto, no sólo en los ámbitos económico, social o político sino también en lo que a la epistemología de la Historia se refiere. La historia global es la adaptación de la Historia, como disciplina académica, al marco creado por la globalización. Como en otros períodos de globalización anteriores, los desequilibrios y dificultades acumulados durante las fases expansivas están dando paso a procesos desglobalizadores. ¿Qué enfoque debería proponer la disciplina histórica ante los últimos acontecimientos? ¿Es la historia global una herramienta útil? Seguiremos las propuestas y trabajos de varios autores en un intento de dar respuesta a estas preguntas y, también, en un intento de comprender mejor el encaje de la historia global en un momento de retroceso de la globalización.
Enseñanzas de “El Testigo”: Pensar la enseñanza de la historia desde las fotografías de Jesús Abad Colorado
Authors: Rodríguez Ávila Sandra Patricia
Published: March 2020

En este artículo se realiza un acercamiento al trabajo del reportero gráfico Jesús Abad Colorado, en particular a las posibilidades que se abren para la enseñanza del pasado reciente con su exposición El Testigo. Memorias del conflicto armado colombiano en el lente y la voz de Jesús Abad Colorado. Inicialmente se presenta una caracterización de la exposición con un análisis de su recepción en distintos medios periodísticos y en el mismo balance de la experiencia adquirida a través de las visitas realizadas en el marco de actividades pedagógicas o como espectadora de la muestra fotográfica. Posteriormente, se presenta la manera como sus efectos en la opinión pública contribuyen a formular propuestas para la enseñanza del pasado reciente, en particular en el contexto actual en el cual ha empezado a funcionar una Comisión Asesora para la enseñanza de la historia de Colombia definida por el Decreto 1660 de 2019, en cumplimiento de Ley 1874 de 2017 que se propuso restablecer la enseñanza obligatoria de la Historia de Colombia como una disciplina integrada en los lineamientos curriculares de las ciencias sociales en la educación básica y media de 2017 que se propuso restablecer la enseñanza obligatoria de la Historia de Colombia como una disciplina integrada en los lineamientos curriculares de las ciencias sociales en la educación básica y media
Editorial: Conocimiento y poder cincuenta años después
Authors: Editorial Consejo
Published: March 2020

Editorial: Conocimiento y poder cincuenta años después
Vestígios memorialísticos de Anísio Teixeira: interlocuções com a educação jesuítica no início do século XX
Authors: Matos Sheila Cristina Monteiro , Sousa Carlos Ângelo de Meneses
Published: March 2020

Este trabalho resgata e analisa os vestígios e interlocuções advindos da influência jesuítica do percurso formativo de Anísio Teixeira na Bahia, a partir de uma abordagem qualitativa e de cunho memorialista. A pesquisa priorizou a análise de discursos e de fontes documentais. Estudando a vida pública e os fazimentos de Anísio Teixeira, rememora-se o seu legado na proposta de um modelo educacional sem privilégios, destinada democraticamente para todos, com destaque para o Movimento Escolanovista e a criação de escolas de tempo integral, em Salvador e em Brasília. Observa-se que um dos modelos propostos em sua vida pública, as escolas de tempo integral, inspira-se naquele que Anísio vivenciou durante sua educação básica, em colégios jesuítas baianos, com destaque para o desenvolvimento das faculdades intelectuais, morais, sociais e físicas dos alunos. Sua vivência com pragmatistas e escolanovistas, tanto no Brasil quanto no exterior, cimentou uma concepção, tida como liberal, de uma Educação Integral laica para todos, não focada em filhos da elite, que, tradicionalmente, estavam presentes nos colégios jesuítas. Vale ressaltar que, durante as investigações, observamos um apagamento desse período jesuítico da memória anisiana, estigmatizado, inclusive, como indiferente, porém importante para a elucidação de questões que pairam na roda do pensamento educacional brasileiro.
O protagonismo de Ellen G. White no projeto educacional cristão adventista no Brasil
Authors: Sales Giza Guimarães Pereira , De Castro Rosane Michelli
Published: March 2020

O presente artigo é decorrente de pesquisa histórica, centrada em análise documental e bibliográfica e tem como objetivo demonstrar como Ellen G. White (1827‑1917), escritora norte-americana, exerceu papel preponderante no desenvolvimento e estabelecimento dos princípios da educação adventista do sétimo dia. Pioneira e uma das fundadoras do movimento, iniciado por volta de 1844, com seus conselhos e orientações através de artigos, manuscritos, cartas e livros, estabeleceu as diretrizes filosóficas educacionais do sistema educacional, doutrinárias da instituição como igreja e de saúde da instituição, que visa o bem‑estar de seus seguidores e de tantos quantos possam ser beneficiados. Com isso, aquilo que, no início era apenas um movimento religioso, se consolida em uma instituição confessional de orientação protestante, cuja presença se estende a várias partes do mundo, destacando-se no campo educacional por meio de suas escolas e internatos que atuam desde o ensino básico até o superior, bem como por ampla rede de hospitais e clínicas médicas. Seus escritos sobre educação de crianças e jovens, saúde, temperança e vida cristã constituem a base da filosofia cristã adventista e têm servido como orientações para os fiéis frente às incertezas da vida secular até os dias atuais.
Estilos de aprendizagem e a sala de aula dialógica
Authors: Rodrigues Lucilo Anônio
Published: March 2020

Os estilos de aprendizagem, apesar de consolidados, enfrentam ainda alguns desafios, dentre os quais, a aprendizagem individual em sala de aula. Argumenta-se que, em um espaço tradicional, o docente encontraria dificuldades intransponíveis ao ter que trabalhar com os estilos de cada aluno. A solução nesse caso seria a recorrência aos espaços virtuais que, além de ser mais adequados aos estilos de aprendizagem, também seriam uma resposta aos imensos desafios impostos pela sociedade tecnológica. Essa saída não considera que determinados atributos da sala de aula começam a se fazer presente no exato momento histórico em que os cursos de EAD ultrapassam os presenciais. Sem prejuízo para a educação a distância, este artigo tem por objetivo fazer uma defesa do uso dos estilos de aprendizagem na sala de aula. Considera-se que a abertura para o diálogo realiza a verdadeira vocação da sala de aula ao negociar com o aluno cada estilo pessoal , ao contrário do que parece ocorrer nos ambientes virtuais, nos quais uma agência tecnológica, travestida em tabelas, números e gráficos, determina os estilos individuais . A pesquisa bibliográfica norteouse sobretudo em artigos publicados em língua portuguesa e espanhola. Além da pesquisa, propôs-se também um exemplo de estratégia com o uso de estilos de aprendizagem. Os resultados evidenciaram uma maior flexibilidade dos estilos de aprendizagem, sugerindo que o adensamento do conhecimento pode ser realizado de maneira horizontal e, portanto, mais democrática.
Atuação do Psicólogo no recrutamento e na seleção de pessoas sob a ótica da Análise do Comportamento
Authors: Machado Pedro Guilherme Basso , Porto-Martins Paulo Cesar , Negrelli Taiana Bueno de Melo , Almeida Laynara De
Published: March 2020

O presente artigo teve como objetivo descrever a atuação do Psicólogo frente ao processo de recrutamento e seleção (RS) de pessoas, sob a ótica da análise do comportamento. Trata-se de uma revisão de literatura, descritiva, com análise qualitativa. O Psicólogo, ao atuar no recrutamento e na seleção de pessoas, pode contribuir com seus conhecimentos, tanto para a estruturação do processo quanto para a análise dos candidatos e identificação dos perfis comportamentais e técnicos dos profissionais a serem contratados. Para uma contratação assertiva e um processo de seleção eficaz, são estruturadas etapas que envolvem ações do Psicólogo no RS de candidatos, como a aplicação de testes, dinâmicas de grupo e entrevista. O diferencial do Psicólogo está em contribuir com a organização com seus conhecimentos sobre o comportamento humano, além de trazer um olhar humanizado. A descrição e compreensão sobre a atuação do Psicólogo no RS de pessoas pode contribuir, entre outros aspectos, para a otimização de processos em prol dos trabalhadores e das empresas. Cabe destacar que algumas das limitações do presente estudo foram em relação à escassez de literatura, nas fontes pesquisadas, sobre a psicologia e o RS, ainda mais quando se trata da perspectiva da Análise do Comportamento. Sugere-se, para futuros estudos, o aprofundamento dos eixos temáticos da presente investigação. Entretanto, destaca-se que o objetivo do presente artigo foi atingido, uma vez que se realizou a descrição sobre a atuação do Psicólogo organizacional frente ao recrutamento e à seleção de pessoas sob a ótica da Análise do Comportamento.
Resiliência e a promoção do desenvolvimento saudável na infância, adolescência e adultez: novas discussões dos conceitos psicológicos
Authors: Priolo Filho Sidnei Rinaldo , Rodrigues Marina De Barros
Published: March 2020

A resiliência é um dos construtos que tem chamado a atenção de pesquisadores em Psicologia pela sua associação com consequências positivas para o desenvolvimento. Esse trabalho apresenta uma revisão crítica do conceito de resiliência na área da Psicologia e suas implicações para o Desenvolvimento Humano. A definição atual de resiliência aponta para uma adaptação do indivíduo para situações aversivas, estressantes ou negativas. Essa adaptação pode ser promovida através de características individuais, apoio emocional e apoio social. Novas variáveis, como esperança e otimismo, merecem destaque pelos seus impactos na promoção da resiliência. Fatores de risco e proteção para o desenvolvimento da resiliência são cada vez mais abordados e utilizados como possíveis promotores de um desenvolvimento sadio. A resiliência e seus comportamentos associados devem receber atenção dos profissionais de saúde, em especial pela possibilidade de que venham a compor a rede de proteção de crianças, adolescentes e adultos.
Melhora do desempenho de leitura com o uso de lâminas espectrais: revisão sistemática e meta-análise
Authors: Vilhena Douglas De Araújo , Guimarães Márcia Reis , Guimarães Ricardo Queiroz
Published: March 2020

As lâminas espectrais são importantes ferramentas para minimizar distorções visuoperceptuais durante a leitura, aumentar o conforto visual e a fluência do leitor. Objetivo: Realizar uma revisão sistemática de todos os estudos que verificaram a prevalência da população beneficiada com o uso das lâminas espectrais. Método: Todos os títulos e resumos dos 225 artigos completos, de 1980 a 2017, foram avaliados independentemente por dois autores. Da seleção final, 26 estudos sobre a prevalência do uso de lâminas espectrais foram lidos na íntegra. Resultados: 63% da população em geral informam melhora perceptual da qualidade do texto com o uso das lâminas. A prevalências por meio do uso prolongado da lâmina, por pelo menos dois meses, revela um índice de 30% da população geral. Por fim, sob uso de lâminas, 33% da população melhorou a velocidade de leitura, quantificada via Rate of Reading Test, tendo 18% apresentado ganhos de moderados a robustos.Os grupos clínicos que apresentam maior probabilidade de ganhos na velocidade de leitura com o uso da lâmina espectral são, respectivamente: Síndrome de Tourette, Esclerose Múltipla, Transtorno do Espectro Autista, Dificuldade de Leitura. Conclusão: grande proporção da população apresenta ganhos na qualidade visual com o uso das lâminas espectrais, sendo esses índices maiores nos transtornos com hiperexcitabilidade cortical.
Síndrome de Down: influências na interação mãe-bebê
Authors: Ferreira Tahena Silva , Rodrigues Olga Maria Piazentin Rolim , Campos Bárbara Camila de
Published: March 2020

O nascimento de um bebê com Síndrome de Down (SD) irá exigir um processo de adaptação mais intenso por parte dos pais, especialmente pela mãe, o que pode impactar na maneira com que ela se relaciona com seu bebê. A escassez de estudos que avaliem a interação entre mãe e filho nessa condição apontam para a relevância de estudos que possam contribuir para minimizar os prejuízos desenvolvimentais globais que essa criança pode apresentar e os efeitos negativos em longo prazo para a díade. Objetivou-se descrever, comparar e correlacionar comportamentos interativos e não-interativos infantis e maternos, considerando os grupos de mães e bebês com e sem Síndrome de Down (SD), com base em grandes categorias e suas subcategorias comportamentais. Os resultados evidenciaram que uma interação positiva de um dos integrantes da díade favorece uma resposta positiva do outro integrante. Comportamentos de exploração, auto conforto e passividade diminuíram a probabilidade de interações positivas entre a díade. E a semelhança nos comportamentos dos bebês dos dois grupos sugere um possível ajustamento das mães de bebês com SD frente às demandas de seus filhos. Por fim, reconhece-se a relevância do presente estudo e também suas limitações, indicando a necessidade de continuidade e ampliação de estudos nessa área.
Prevenção do assédio moral no trabalho na visão de servidores público do judiciário
Authors: Monteiro Janine Kieling , Riss Loren Aita , Pooli Adriana Machado , Henrich Patricia , Kasper Machado Isabel Cristina
Published: March 2020

O assédio moral (AM) no trabalho é um fenômeno em expansão, devido às práticas associadas aos modos de gestão atuais. Destacam-se também os prejuízos na saúde das vítimas de AM, justificando a importância de combatê-lo. Investigou-se, na visão dos servidores público do judiciário, o que pode auxiliar na prevenção do assédio moral no trabalho. Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo com delineamento exploratório. Foram participantes da pesquisa 15 servidores de uma Instituição do Poder Judiciário na Região Sul do Brasil. A coleta de dados foi realizada por meio de entrevistas. Os dados foram analisados a partir da análise de conteúdo, classificando as intervenções voltadas para a prevenção do AM em três níveis: nível 1 para indivíduos envolvidos diretamente; nível 2 para grupos de trabalho; nível 3 com foco na organização e gestão do trabalho. Os resultados indicaram a necessidade de intervenções abrangentes voltadas para o fortalecimento da comunicação, apoio e cooperação no trabalho, criação de canais de escuta e de apoio psicológico, treinamento/desenvolvimento de gestores e intervenções direcionadas para uma cultura mais democrática e não violenta na organização pública estudada. Estes achados foram discutidos à luz da abordagem da Psicodinâmica do Trabalho, a qual destaca que o espaço para diálogo, o reconhecimento e a cooperação são elementos essenciais para a construção de um coletivo de trabalho e para a saúde mental. Conclui-se que, diante da multidimensionalidade do AM no trabalho, são necessárias diversificadas intervenções em prol da sua prevenção e promoção de um contexto de trabalho mais saudável.
Perfil psicofarmacológico da população masculina atendida na Clínica Escola de uma IES do Paraná
Authors: Teixeira de Souza Valéria , Staub Prochnau Inara , Sausen Tiago Rafael
Published: March 2020

Introdução: Transtornos mentais são alterações, temporárias ou duradouras, que interferem de forma significativa na vida de muitas pessoas. Uma das formas de tratamento é através do uso de psicofármacos, substâncias que podem atuar diretamente em neurotransmissores, diminuindo o desconforto/sofrimento do paciente. Objetivos: Investigar os psicofármacos utilizados no tratamento de psicopatologias de homens adultos atendidos na Clínica Escola da IES.  Materiais e Método: Pesquisa documental (triagens e prontuários) do biênio 2016/2017 e análise comparativa. Resultados: Foram atendidos 29 homens, com idade média de 34 anos e as classes de psicofármacos citadas foram antidepressivos, antipsicóticos e ansiolíticos. Onze indivíduos administravam antidepressivos e doze não utilizava medicação. Discussão: As subclasses de antidepressivos encontradas foram: inibidores seletivos da recaptura da serotonina (fluoxetina, sertralina, citalopram, escitalopram), inibidores seletivos da recaptura de serotonina (venlafaxina, trazodona) e bloqueadores da recaptação da dopamina e noradrenalina (bupropiona), administrados para o transtorno de ansiedade. Citalopram, fluoxetina e bupropriona eram utilizadas no transtorno de pânico em conjunto com diazepam. Em apenas três casos haviam antidepressivos (venlafaxina e sertralina) administrados no transtorno depressivo. Os antipsicóticos (haloperidol e risperidona) estavam sendo administrados para casos de ansiedade e nervosismo. Conclusão: Foi possível ampliar a compreensão acerca do mecanismo de ação dos psicofármacos, característica importante na atuação do Psicólogo, visto que possibilitou visão mais completa do paciente e seu sofrimento.
Integrating prediction errors at two time scales permits rapid recalibration of speech sound categories
Authors: Olasagasti Itsaso , Giraud Anne-Lise
Published: March 2020

Speech perception presumably arises from internal models of how specific sensory features are associated with speech sounds. These features change constantly (e.g. different speakers, articulation modes etc.), and listeners need to recalibrate their internal models by appropriately weighing new versus old evidence. Models of speech recalibration classically ignore this volatility. The effect of volatility in tasks where sensory cues were associated with arbitrary experimenter-defined categories were well described by models that continuously adapt the learning rate while keeping a single representation of the category. Using neurocomputational modelling we show that recalibration of natural speech sound categories is better described by representing the latter at different time scales. We illustrate our proposal by modeling fast recalibration of speech sounds after experiencing the McGurk effect. We propose that working representations of speech categories are driven both by their current environment and their long-term memory representations.
Tuberculosis-associated IFN-I induces Siglec-1 on tunneling nanotubes and favors HIV-1 spread in macrophages
Authors: Dupont Maeva , Souriant Shanti , Balboa Luciana , Vu Manh Thien-Phong , Pingris Karine , Rousset Stella , Cougoule Céline , Rombouts Yoann , Poincloux Renaud , Ben Neji Myriam , Allers Carolina , Kaushal Deepak , Kuroda Marcelo J , Benet Susana , Martinez-Picado Javier , Izquierdo-Useros Nuria , Sasiain Maria del Carmen , Maridonneau-Parini Isabelle , Neyrolles Olivier , Vérollet Christel , Lugo-Villarino Geanncarlo
Published: March 2020

While tuberculosis (TB) is a risk factor in HIV-1-infected individuals, the mechanisms by which Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) worsens HIV-1 pathogenesis remain scarce. We showed that HIV-1 infection is exacerbated in macrophages exposed to TB-associated microenvironments due to tunneling nanotube (TNT) formation. To identify molecular factors associated with TNT function, we performed a transcriptomic analysis in these macrophages, and revealed the up-regulation of Siglec-1 receptor. Siglec-1 expression depends on Mtb-induced production of type I interferon (IFN-I). In co-infected non-human primates, Siglec-1 is highly expressed by alveolar macrophages, whose abundance correlates with pathology and activation of IFN-I/STAT1 pathway. Siglec-1 localizes mainly on microtubule-containing TNT that are long and carry HIV-1 cargo. Siglec-1 depletion decreases TNT length, diminishes HIV-1 capture and cell-to-cell transfer, and abrogates the exacerbation of HIV-1 infection induced by Mtb. Altogether, we uncover a deleterious role for Siglec-1 in TB-HIV-1 co-infection and open new avenues to understand TNT biology.
Theoretical relation between axon initial segment geometry and excitability
Authors: Goethals Sarah , Brette Romain
Published: March 2020

In most vertebrate neurons, action potentials are triggered at the distal end of the axon initial segment (AIS). Both position and length of the AIS vary across and within neuron types, with activity, development and pathology. What is the impact of AIS geometry on excitability? Direct empirical assessment has proven difficult because of the many potential confounding factors. Here, we carried a principled theoretical analysis to answer this question. We provide a simple formula relating AIS geometry and sodium conductance density to the somatic voltage threshold. A distal shift of the AIS normally produces a (modest) increase in excitability, but we explain how this pattern can reverse if a hyperpolarizing current is present at the AIS, due to resistive coupling with the soma. This work provides a theoretical tool to assess the significance of structural AIS plasticity for electrical function.
Developing Neuraxial and Regional Pain Procedural Skills Through Innovative 3-Dimensional Printing Technology
Authors: Headman Zachary C. , Matson Marcus C. , Schneider Robert P. , Potter James L. , Loguda-Summers Debra L. , Bhatia Shalini , Kondrashova Tatyana
Published: March 2020

Context

Various forms of simulation-based training, including training models, increase training opportunities and help assess performance of a task. However, commercial training models for lumbar puncture and epidural procedures are costly.

Objective

To assess medical students’ and residents’ perception of 3-dimensional (3D)-printed lumbar, cervical, and pelvic models for mastering joint injection techniques and to determine the utility of ultrasonography-guided needle procedure training.

Methods

Osteopathic medical students and residents used in-house 3D-printed gel joint models during an injection ultrasonography laboratory for mastering lumbar epidural, caudal epidural, sacroiliac, and facet joint injection techniques. After the laboratory, they answered a 17-item survey about their perception of the importance of the models in medical education and future practice. The survey also evaluated comfort levels with performing joint injections after using the models, overall satisfaction with the models, and likelihood of using models in the future.

Results

Thirty-six medical students and residents participated. Both students and residents agreed that 3D-printed models were easy to use, aided understanding of corresponding procedures, and increased comfort with performing joint injections (all P<.001). Most participants (35 [97.2%]) believed that the models were reasonable alternatives to commercial models. Over half felt capable of successfully performing cervical or pelvic (22 [61.1%]) and lumbar epidural (23 [63.9%]) injections. The majority of participants (34 [94.4%]) would like to use the models in the future for personal training purposes. Overall, 100% believed that the 3D-printed models were a useful tool for injection training.

Conclusions

Results suggest that 3D-printed models provided realistic training experience for injection procedures and seemed to allow participants to quickly master new injection techniques. These models offer a visual representation of human anatomy and could be a cost-saving alternative to commercial trainers.
A Study of the Effect of Corneal Collagen Crosslinking in Pediatric Patients with Keratoconus
Authors: Bhatt Rupal , Prajapati Kamini , Bhagat Purvi , Patel Rachna
Published: March 2020

Collagen cross linking (CXL) is a proved treatment for patients with progressing keratoconus and has been shown to delay or even stop the progression of corneal ectasia, thus reducing the need of keratoplasty. CXL has been utilized for over 20 years in adult patients and based on the evidence of its efficacy and safety; this treatment has been recently introduced in the management of pediatric keratoconus as well. Pediatric keratoconus differs in many ways from adult keratoconus and hence needs to be managed differently. In our study we have tried to evaluate the efficacy and safety of CXL in pediatric patients.
An Interesting Case of Acquired Brown Syndrome - Superior Oblique Myocysticercosis
Authors: Dhar Sanjay Kumar , Miskin Angad , Raji K. , Sharma Vijay K.
Published: March 2020

Purpose:

To report a case of acquired Brown syndrome due to myocysticercosis of superior oblique muscle.

Case Report:

A 10-year-old male child presented with headache, right ocular pain, proptosis and diplopia. On evaluation patient was found to have limitation of elevation in adduction in right eye. Imaging showed myocysticercosis of right superior oblique muscle. Patient was treated with Tab Albendazole for 04 weeks. Patient responded to the treatment well and all the symptoms resolved along with restriction of elevation in adduction.

Conclusion:

Ocular myocysticercosis should be kept in mind in cases of restrictive squints of recent onset, although it may have varied presentations in pediatric population. Systemic workup along with the imaging is required to establish the diagnosis. Treatment is with Tab Albendazole 15mg/kg body weight under initial cover of oral steroids.
Production of Malt-based Sugar Syrup from Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Malted Sorghum and Millet Grains
Authors: Felix Okpalanma Emeka
Published: March 2020

The suitability of sorghum and millet grains in the production of malt-based syrups was determined. The grains were steeped for 50 h, germinated for 5 days at room temperature and were kilned for 48h to produce the malts. Mashing was carried out by three-stage decoction method and the resulting wort further hydrolysed with glucoamylase enzyme to yield malt syrups. Proximate analysis results showed that the crude protein contents in sorghum (11.3%) and millet (10.8%) malts were significantly (p < 0.05) higher than in sorghum (10.36) and millet (8.58%) grains. Cereal grains (sorghum, millet) were higher in fat (6.83, 7.30%), ash (2.41 and 3.16%), fibre (3.31 and 2.63%), moisture (9.93 and 9.95%) and total carbohydrate (71.63 and 53.35%) contents when compared with the malts. Results for malting characteristics of the grains showed that sorghum had significantly (p < 0.05) higher germinative energy (82.53%), germinative capacity (90.50%) diastatic power (32°L) and lower malting loss (13.50%) than millet grains: 76.6%, 85.67%, 27°L and 18.47% respectively. Mashing temperature and pH optima results for amylase activity were 60-70°C in sorghum, 40-450C in millet and pH 6-7 in sorghum and millet respectively. Results obtained on the analysis of the malt syrup samples (sorghum and millet) were (%): Moisture (12.35, 13.46), ash (0.02, 0.04), pH (4.5, 5.0), total solids (82.20, 80.1), Dextrose equivalent (85, 81) and reducing sugar (70.30, 65.45) respectively. Viscosity, colour and taste of the end products were physically checked. Sorghum grain exhibited better potential for syrup production.
Antibacterial Potential of Ethanolic and Aqueous Extracts of Carica papaya Leaves
Authors: Airaodion Augustine I. , Ekenjoku John A. , Akaninyene Ime U. , Megwas Anthony U.
Published: March 2020

Background: The search for newer sources of antibiotics is a global challenge pre-occupying research institutions, pharmaceutical companies and academia, since many infectious agents are becoming resistant to synthetic drugs.

Aim: This present study sought to investigate the antibacterial potential of ethanolic and aqueous extracts of Carica papaya leaves.

Materials and Methods: Fresh and healthy leaves of C. papaya were harvested, air dried and milled into powder. The powder was extracted using ethanol and water as solvents. The antibacterial activities of both extracts were determined by diffusion method. Nutrient agar medium was prepared using standard method. Pure cultures of Coliform bacillus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Streptococcus viridans, Salmonella typhi and Escherichia coli were obtained from the Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Parasitology, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria. The extracts were serially diluted to obtain 1.0%, 0.5%, 0.25% and 0.125% solutions in sterile test tubes. Sterilized 9 mm filter paper disc soaked in the diluted extracts were placed on the plate and incubated for 24 hours at room temperature. The plates were examined for clear zones of inhibition. Presence of zones of inhibition indicated activity.

Results: the results showed that both ethanolic and aqueous extracts of C. papaya leaves exhibit antibacterial activities against C. bacillus, S. epidemidis, S. viridans and E. coli and also inhibited their growth. The effect of the ethanolic extract was greater than that of the aqueous extract. However, this activity was not observed with S. typhi.

Conclusion: The result of the present study showed that C. papaya leaves might effectively inhibit the growth of C. bacillus, S. epidemidis, S. viridans and E. coli but not that of S. typhi. However, the ethanolic extract is more potent than the aqueous extract.
Knowledge and Compliance with Standard Precautions amongst Healthcare Workers in Selected Hospitals in Rivers State, Nigeria
Authors: Ogbonda P. N. , Douglas K. , Moore B. M.
Published: March 2020

Background: Standard precautions (SPs) in the hospital are very important in the reduction of health care workers’ exposure to occupational health hazards but most hospitals are used to reactive rather than proactive safety practices. The effect of reactive safety practices is overwhelming to health care workers, hospitals and the society. Thus, this study assessed health care workers’ knowledge and compliance with standard precautions.

Materials and Methods: Descriptive cross-sectional design and proportionate stratified random sampling method was adopted and a sample size of 391was selected using Taro-Yamane formula. The study relied on a structured questionnaire to elicit information from respondents and a reliability of 0.87 was obtained. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used with the aid of statistical package for social science (SPSS) software version 21.

Results: Healthcare workers’ (HCWs) have fair knowledge of SPs and poor compliance with SPs. Also, there is significant association between HCWs’ knowledge of SPs and gender, marital status, years of experience and job category in the hospitals (p < 0.05). Consequently, there is significant association between compliance with SPs and gender, years of experience and job categories in the hospitals (p < 0.05).

Conclusion: There is great need for strong advocacy on knowledge of SPs and compliance with SPs in the hospitals to curb increasing occupational health hazards. The Nigeria government and hospital managements should develop an all-encompassing integrated SPs policies, strategies and procedures consistent with global best practices.
Effect of Salinity on the Growth Characteristics of Solanum aethiopicum L. (Solanaceae)
Authors: Mensah S. I. , Ekeke C. , Udom M.
Published: March 2020

Salinity affects various morphological and anatomical characters of plants thereby reducing the yield of the plant in the long run. Solanum aethiopicum L. is an economic plant that is versatile for human use ranging from food to traditional medicine. Experiment was conducted to assay the impact of saline irrigation on some growth parameters (plant height, leaf area, fresh weight, dry weight and size of stomatal complex). Results of the experiment showed that for most parameters studied that the values obtained for the treatments are reduced compared to the control, thereby establishing that saline water harmed S. aethiopicum L. There is no significant difference in the plant from week 5 (i.e. 2 weeks after application of saline water) but at week 6 and 7 (i.e. 3 and 4 weeks after application of saline water respectively), there was significant difference in the parameters. Therefore it is advised that S. aethiopicum L. be grown on soils with low or no content of salinity to maintain optimum growth and development of the plant.