bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Role of place image in support for tourism development: The mediating role of multi‐dimensional impacts
Authors: Tosun Cevat , Dedeoğlu Bekir Bora , Çalışkan Caner , Karakuş Yusuf
Published: August 2020

This study examines the relationship between place image, perception of tourism impacts, and support for tourism within the framework of multi‐dimensionalities of both place image and tourism impacts. With Urgup, Turkey, serving as the destination context, the study population comprises of 336 survey responses from local households. Variance‐based partial least squares‐structural equation modeling was used to analyze data with the mediating role of resident perception of tourism positive impact dimensions associated with place image as a major tool for destination development. In light of the study's findings, while entertainment services and social environment as sub‐dimensions of the place image were found to positively affect all dimensions of tourism's positive impacts, the results also illustrated that the dimension of community service positively and significantly affected the perceptions of economic and socio‐cultural impacts. Moreover, the positively perceived economic, environmental, and socio‐cultural effects of tourism positively affected the social support for tourism development. Accordingly, destination management organizations (DMOs) are advised to adopt strategies to ensure that the relationship between the place‐image perceptions of residents and their support for tourism in the light of a possible mediator effect of tourism positive impacts are taken into account during destination development plan. The paper closes by arguing that the local people's positive place‐image perception about and support for tourism development in their residential area may not be sustained unless further supportive measures are taken by local and central governments.
Social Anhedonia is Associated with Low Social Network Diversity in Trauma‐Exposed Adults
Authors: Olson Elizabeth A. , Pizzagalli Diego A. , Rosso Isabelle M.
Published: August 2020

Social anhedonia has been proposed to contribute to social isolation in several psychiatric disorders, but it has not been examined in relation to deficits in social connection that also characterize posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). A growing body of evidence emphasizes the health importance of structural features of social networks, including their size and complexity. The current study examined the association between social anhedonia and social network features in a sample of trauma‐exposed participants with and without PTSD as well as in non–trauma‐exposed controls. Participants (N = 101; n = 37 healthy controls, n = 23 trauma‐exposed without PTSD; n = 41 lifetime PTSD) completed self‐report measures of social anhedonia (Revised Social Anhedonia Scale) and structural social network features, including social network size, diversity, and the number of embedded networks (Social Network Index). Relative to healthy controls, participants with PTSD reported significantly lower social network sizes and fewer embedded networks. In the combined trauma‐exposed sample, higher ratings of social anhedonia were associated with lower social network diversity, r(62) = −.43, p < .001, an effect that remained statistically significant after controlling for PTSD and depression symptom severity. These results suggest that elevated social anhedonia in trauma‐exposed individuals may contribute to disruptions in social network structure consistent with social isolation.
Analysis of accelerated 4D flow MRI in the murine aorta by radial acquisition and compressed sensing reconstruction
Authors: Braig Moritz , Menza Marius , Leupold Jochen , LeVan Pierre , Feng Li , Ko Cheng‐Wen , von zur Mühlen Constantin , Krafft Axel J. , Hennig Juergen , von Elverfeldt Dominik
Published: August 2020

Preclinical 4D flow MRI remains challenging and is restricted for parallel imaging acceleration due to the limited number of available receive channels. A radial acquisition with combined parallel imaging and temporal compressed sensing reconstruction was implemented to achieve accelerated preclinical 4D flow MRI. In order to increase the accuracy of the measured velocities, a quantitative evaluation of different temporal regularization weights for the compressed sensing reconstruction based on velocity instead of magnitude data is performed. A 3D radial retrospectively triggered phase contrast sequence with a combined parallel imaging and compressed sensing reconstruction with temporal regularization was developed. It was validated in a phantom and in vivo (C57BL/6 J mice), against an established fully sampled Cartesian sequence. Different undersampling factors (USFs [12, 15, 20, 30, 60]) were evaluated, and the effect of undersampling was analyzed in detail for magnitude and velocity data. Temporal regularization weights λ were evaluated for different USFs. Acceleration factors of up to 20 compared with full Nyquist sampling were achieved. The peak flow differences compared with the Cartesian measurement were the following: USF 12, 3.38%; USF 15, 4.68%; USF 20, 0.95%. The combination of 3D radial center‐out trajectories and compressed sensing reconstruction is robust against motion and flow artifacts and can significantly reduce measurement time to 30 min at a resolution of 180 μm3. Concisely, radial acquisition with combined compressed sensing and parallel imaging proved to be an excellent method for analyzing complex flow patterns in mice.
Challenges and boundaries in implementing social return on investment: An inquiry into its situational appropriateness
Authors: Nielsen Janni Grouleff , Lueg Rainer , Van Liempd Dennis
Published: August 2020

Nonprofit organizations (NPOs) and social enterprises are increasingly under pressure to justify their use of resources and report their impact on society. Frameworks that monetize social value such as social return on investment (SROI) have emerged as a response. The existing literature highlights many benefits and technical challenges of SROI, but largely ignores strategic and organizational learning aspects. This paper explores the use of SROI in an NPO conducting cultural heritage preservation. By analyzing the challenges managers face in agreeing on a reliable (“correct”) computation of SROI and in assessing the validity and relevance (“appropriateness”) of SROI, we seek to understand the challenges and boundaries of SROI. Challenges with a reliable computation of SROI are identifying stakeholders, the choice of proxies, the time horizons, and deadweight factors. Challenges with an appropriate SROI calculation are comparability, subjectivity, legitimacy, and resource utility. We argue that SROI calculations might not be reliable or appropriate in organizations with fuzzy purposes, broad value creation goals, broad target groups, very individual or subjective proxies, strongly lagged outcomes, complex or unobservable causality, and with lack of legitimacy among stakeholders. Organizations should not trustingly adopt SROI without being aware of these limitations.
Mechanical and thermal properties of microchannel insulating foams comprising a multifunctional epoxy/polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane nanocomposite
Authors: Schmid Eric D. , Veluswamy N. Krishnan P. , Salem David R.
Published: August 2020

Polymer matrix composites are well suited for applications in space environments due to their excellent specific strengths and moduli, thermal properties, and tailorability. In efforts to further improve their performance, additives based on functionalized polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes (POSS) have been successfully shown to increase long‐term durability by improving Atomic Oxygen (AO) and UV radiation resistance, as well as enhance both the thermal and mechanical properties of the polymer‐based structure. In the present work, an epoxy‐functionalized POSS has been used as a low‐percentage additive in the epoxy matrix structure of microchannel foams, resulting in improved mechanical properties and thermal stability without significantly increasing the resin viscosity, final bulk density, or thermal conductivity of the final foam structures. These nanocomposite POSS resins are also expected to display increased AO and UV longevity in space applications, allowing these multifunctional materials to not only achieve high‐performance capabilities but also be economically suitable for devices used in space environments.
Engineering Nicotiana tabacum for the de novo biosynthesis of DMNT to regulate orientation behavior of the parasitoid wasps Microplitis mediator
Authors: Liu Danfeng , Li Wei , An Xingkui , Ghasemzadeh Somayyeh , Huang Xinzheng , Chen Jieyin , Kou Junfeng , Sun Peiyao , Zhang Yongjun
Published: August 2020

BACKGROUND

(E)‐4,8‐dimethylnona‐1,3,7‐triene (DMNT), one of the homoterpenes, is thought to contribute to plant indirect defense against insect herbivores. DMNT‐enriched plants have great application potential to regulate insect behavior in the ‘push & pull’ strategy of pest management. However, de novo biosynthesis of DMNT in plants without a homoterpene metabolic pathway in their wild type is still not achieved, and the role of DMNT played in these plants and their interacted insects remains unclear.

RESULTS

Cytochrome P450s and terpene synthases involved in homoterpenes biosynthesis in cotton plants were employed to generate DMNT‐releasing tobacco plants. Single GhTPS14 transgenic Nicotiana tabacum only emitted (E)‐nerolidol, the precursor of DMNT. Transgenic tobaccos expressing single GhCYP82Ls were unable to produce DMNT or TMTT, while DMNT was detected when exogenous (E)‐nerolidol was added. Compared to wild‐type plants, only co‐expression of GhCYP82Ls and GhTPS14 in transgenic tobaccos triggered the constitutive release of single‐component DMNT. Furthermore, DMNT‐emitting transgenic tobacco plants, whether infested with Helicoverpa armigera larvae or not, significantly incited orientation behavior of parasitoid wasps Microplitis mediator.

CONCLUSION

Wild type N. tabacum plants have no DMNT metabolic pathway. DMNT could be de novo biosynthesized via co‐expression of GhCYP82Ls and GhTPS14. What is more, the parasitoid wasp M. mediator could be recruited by DMNT‐releasing transgenic tobaccos, especially by H. armigera‐infested transgenic tobaccos, suggesting the potential roles of engineered N. tabacum in regulating the behavioral preference of M. mediator.
Efficacy ofBacillus megateriumstrain Sneb207 against soybean cyst nematode (Heterodera glycines) in soybean
Authors: Zhou Yuanyuan , Chen Jingsheng , Zhu Xiaofeng , Wang Yuanyuan , Liu Xiaoyu , Fan Haiyan , Duan Yuxi , Chen Lijie
Published: August 2020

BACKGROUND

The soybean cyst nematode (SCN,Heterodera glycines) is the most devastating and yield‐limiting pest in soybean worldwide. With the increasing awareness of environmental protection, biological control becomes more and more urgent. TheBacillus megateriumSneb207 has previously shown the ability to inhibit the movement of SCN, but little is known about its effect on nematode control in agricultural settings. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of Sneb207 against SCN and investigate the ability of Sneb207 to induce systemic resistance toH. glycinesin soybean.

RESULTS

The stability and efficiency of SCN control by Sneb207 was assessed in two field experiments. Compared to non‐treated control, Sneb207 significantly reduced the number of cysts, SCN juveniles, and eggs, while it promoted soybean growth. Furthermore, results of two pot experiments showed that the number of initial infections of second‐stage juveniles were 231.75 and 131.3 after Sneb207 treatment, respectively, lower than control (274.75 and 215.33). Sneb207 reduced the total number of juveniles and females, and lengthened SCN development time. Moreover, through the split‐root system and real‐time quantitative PCR experiments, we found that Sneb207 induced systemic resistance and enhanced the gene expression ofGmACS9b,GmEDS1,GmPAD4,GmSAMT1, andGmNPR1‐1involved in the salicylic acid, jasmonic acid and ethylene pathways at different levels.

CONCLUSION

Our results demonstrate thatB. megateriumSneb207 inhibits the invasion, the development, and reproduction of SCN by inducing systemic resistance. The overall outcomes of the present study supportB. megateriumSneb207 as a potential biocontrol agent forH. glycines.
A method for sample size calculation via E‐value in the planning of observational studies
Authors: Fang Yixin , He Weili , Hu Xiaofei , Wang Hongwei
Published: August 2020

Confounding adjustment plays a key role in designing observational studies such as cross‐sectional studies, case‐control studies, and cohort studies. In this article, we propose a simple method for sample size calculation in observational research in the presence of confounding. The method is motivated by the notion of E‐value, using some bounding factor to quantify the impact of confounders on the effect size. The method can be applied to calculate the needed sample size in observational research when the outcome variable is binary, continuous, or time‐to‐event. The method can be implemented straightforwardly using existing commercial software such as the PASS software. We demonstrate the performance of the proposed method through numerical examples, simulation studies, and a real application, which show that the proposed method is conservative in providing a slightly bigger sample size than what it needs to achieve a given power.
Wheat ‐Gluten‐Directed Facile Synthesis of AgAuQC: Probing Inner Filter Effects and Electron Transfer for Bilirubin Detection
Authors: Mathew Meegle S. , Philip Anoop , Joseph Kuruvilla
Published: August 2020

This paper presents the development of a facile and cost effective method for the preparation of highly stable red fluorescent wheat gluten stabilized AgAu alloy quantum clusters (AgAuQC@gluten) through galvanic exchange reaction (GER). The as prepared AgAuQC@gluten were characterized by various spectroscopic and microscopic techniques. The QCs exhibited a red fluorescence emission at 690 nm with an appreciable quantum yield of 9.5%.The pH stability and photo stability of QCs were analyzed and was found to display excellent stability in all pH range (1‐12). They also exhibited photostability against UV irradiation for a few hours. Additionally, AgAuQC@gluten were utilized as a fluorescent probe for highly selective sensing of bilirubin. The detection limit was found to be 50 nM. Photoinduced electron transfer (PET) and inner filter effect (IFE) are responsible for the strong quenching of fluorescence of these QCs.Furthermore this method has been validated by applying it for the determination of bilirubin in real blood samples.
Synthesis and Initial In Vivo Evaluations of [11C]WX‐132‐18B, a Microtubule PET Imaging Agent
Authors: Sai Kiran Kumar Solingapuram , Prabhakaran Jaya , Damuka Naresh , Craft Suzanne , Rajagopal Shamyaa A. , Mintz Akiva , Mann John , Kumar Dileep
Published: August 2020

Microtubules play an important role in brain functioning and purported to alter in several neurological disorders including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson disease, malignancies and brain injuries. Creating a molecular imaging probe that binds to microtubules in brain would significantly benefit the diagnosis and stratification of patients based on therapeutic treatments that target neurotubulin pathology. We have previously reported the first‐ and second‐generation microtubule Positron Emission Tomography (PET) ligands, which exhibited blood brain barrier permeability and accumulation in brain. We are continuing the search for new microtubule agents in order to establish the most selective PET agent with optimal attributes for in vivo quantification of the brain microtubules in diseases. Hence, we identified a high‐affinity microtubule agent namely, WX‐MB‐18B (GI50= 1.9 nM, IC50=0.45‐0.99 nM). In addition to the high affinity to microtubules, WX132‐18B has adequate lipophilicity for facile brain entry and also is amenable for 11 C‐radiolabeling. Herein we report the radiochemical synthesis and initial PET evaluation of [11C]WX‐132‐18B in mice to determine its ability for imaging brain microtubules.
Chlorophyll Catalysed Ultrafast Oxidation of Thiols in Water
Authors: Roat Priyanka , Malviya Bhanwar K. , Hada Sonal , Chechani Bhawna , Kumar Mukesh , Yadav Dinesh K. , Kumari Neetu
Published: August 2020

We have developed an efficient and eco‐friendly method of disulfides synthesis in water using surfactant (DODAB). This reaction is catalysed by chlorophyll and fluorescent lamp is used as source of energy. This, one pot, ultra fast reaction, which involve a photo‐induced electron transfer (PET) mechanism, affords a green and efficient strategy for the conversion of commercially available aromatic thiols into diversified disulfides. This rapid synthesis allows the formation of various disulphides in the range of 80–94% yield at room temperature.
Analytical Detection and Electrocatalysis of Paracetamol in Aqueous Media Using Rare‐Earth Double‐Decker Phthalocyaninato Chelates as Electrochemically Active Materials
Authors: Edward Sekhosana Kutloano , Nkhahle Reitumetse , Nyokong Tebello
Published: August 2020

Paracetamol (PA), being an analgesic and antipyretic medicine, can cause fatal hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity when overdosed. It is therefore important to develop electrochemical sensors that can monitor and quantify it in aquatic environments. In this study, rare‐earth sandwich‐type phthalocyaninato chelates based on neodymium (1 a) and samarium (1 b) were employed as electrocatalysts to modify glassy carbon electrodes (GCE) for the first time. It was found that 1 a‐modified GCE (herein referred to as 1 a‐GCE) is less conductive than 1 b‐modified counterpart (1 b‐GCE). A larger rate constant was also obtained for 1 b‐GCE. It was established that a faster oxidation rate efficiency was responsible for lower limit of detection value obtained for 1 b‐GCE as compared to 1 a‐GCE.
Theoretical Insights into Y2C2@C82: Vibrational Frequency Influencing the Thermodynamic Stability
Authors: Zhao Ruisheng , Liu Zhizhong , Yuan Kun , Zhao Xiang
Published: August 2020

Y2C2@C82series (as well as Y2@C84series) and the parent C82cages were investigated by density functional theory in conjunction with statistical thermodynamic analyses. C2(39717)‐C82is the most stable isomer of pristine C82cages, and Y2@D2d(51591)‐C84is the most low‐lying isomer of Y2C84series. At the temperature range of fullerene formation, C2(39712)‐C82, Cs(39713)‐C82, and C3v(39717)‐C82are the three most abundant C82isomers, and Y2C2@Cs(39715)‐C82, Y2C2@C3v(39717)‐C82, and Y2C2@C2v(39718)‐C82are the three only abundant Y2C84isomers. However, mole fraction of Y2@D2d(51591)‐C84turns to be very low at the high temperature range. Further statistical thermodynamic analyses revealed that vibrational frequencies are the underlying reason for high abundances of Y2C2@Cs(39715)‐C82, Y2C2@C3v(39717)‐C82, and Y2C2@C2v(39718)‐C82and low abundance of Y2@D2d(51591)‐C82at high temperature range. The statistical thermodynamic analysis approach to separately consider energy, rotation and vibration partition functions can be used to investigate other endohedral metallofullerenes.
Effect of Corncob Derived Biochar on Microbial Electroremediation of Dye Wastewater and Bioenergy Generation
Authors: Sonu Kumar , Sogani Monika , Syed Zainab , Dongre Aman , Sharma Gopesh
Published: August 2020

This paper describes the potential of waste biomass derived biochar for improvement in the dye wastewater treatment in a microbial fuel cell (MFC). The complete MFC, an energy generating unit, was made with the waste products in order to demonstrate that low cost alternatives are available to replicate the positive results. Waste corncob derived biochar produced after acid modification has been evaluated as a supplement in an MFC for treatment of real dye wastewater (RDW). The two doses of sulfuric acid modified corncob biochar (SA‐MCB), (0.5 g and 1 g) and a blank (without any dose) were assessed for the effect on MFC performance. The maximum power density (49.92 W/m2), current density (0.28 A/m2), COD removal efficiency (88.39%), decolorization efficiency (81.6%) and TDS reduction (84.4%) were obtained with 0.5 g biochar dose. The Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis revealed the structural changes occurring on the SA‐MCB after use in the MFC. The SEM analysis revealed the better biofilm formation due to SA‐MCB deposition. Power density with 0.5 g of SA‐MCB dose improved to more than 24 times in comparison to the system without any such dose. The UV spectrophotometer analysis confirmed the azo bond deformation during treatment. The overall results suggest that the use of SA‐MCB biochar as anode material and as a supplement in the MFC system may provide an effective anode‐biofilm in MFCs for wastewater treatment.
Experimental Investigation with DFT Analysis Towards a Promising Recyclable Photocatalyst from g‐C3N4/ZnS Nanocomposite
Authors: Mukherjee Biswanath
Published: August 2020

In‐situ synthesis of highly crystalline graphitic carbon nitride (g‐C3N4)/ZnS nanosphere via solution route is reported. The g‐C3N4/ZnS nanocomposite exhibited reproducible photocatalytic activity with more than 95 % degradation of Rhodamine B (RhB) under UV illumination with apparent rate constant of 0.0168 min−1, compared to pristine ZnS nanosphere which produced only 80 % degradation of RhB under the same condition. Density functional theory calculation indicated the existence of large built‐in potential (ca. 6.8 eV) at the interface of g‐C3N4/ZnS composite heterostructure that promotes effective charge transfer from ZnS to g‐C3N4 layer. The Bader charge analysis dictated a net charge transfer of
from ZnS to g‐C3N4 layer. The DFT prediction along with photoluminescent spectroscopy confirmed that improvement in photocatalytic performance of as‐prepared g‐C3N4/ZnS nanocomposite over pristine components can be ascribed to the reduction in carrier recombination followed by effective separation and transportation of charges at g‐C3N4/ZnS interface.
Introduction
Authors: van Gageldonk Maarten , Munteán László , Shobeiri Ali
Published: August 2020

The above epigraph to Marquez’s autobiography,Living to Tell the Tale,highlights the difference between the actual past and the past kept alive in memory. It is not so much that we remember what happened in the past per se, but by way of remembering and sharing our memories, we create a narrative of that past. The stories that we tell of our lives (as well as the ones that we choose not to tell) are the building blocks of the identities we fashion of ourselves as well as of our communities. It is in this sense that the memories we recount are constitutive of what Marquez calls life. By foregrounding the role of remembering in the construction of identity, the epigraph encapsulates one of the fundamental precepts of memory studies, namely that memory is more than a mere recollection of what actually happened in the past. Rather, it is a “fluid and flexible affair,” as Bond et al. (2018, 1) assert, a performative practice mediated through various modes of recounting such as places, rituals, as well as a variety of textual, visual, and other sensory media (Bal et al. 1999; Erll and Rigney 2009; Plate and Smelik 2013). Animation is one of these media. Whether made in pencil, paint, clay, paper, or sand, through the use of pin-screen or the landscape, with puppets or created by computer, what different forms of animation share is “the capacity for plasticity,” as Dobson et al. (2019, 8) recently observed. It is this plasticity, combined with the freedom animation offers to escape from the indexical qualities inherent to film, that makes it a particularly productive mnemonic medium. This book sets out to explore this dimension of animation.
Überblick
Authors: Wulf Carmen , Haberstroh Susanne , Petersen Maren
Published: August 2020

Die Einheit von Forschung und Lehre – dieser Grundgedanke des Humboldt’schen Bildungsideals liegt meist zugrunde, wenn von Forschendem Lernen gesprochen wird. Doch nicht nur Forschendes Lernen, sondern auch Forschungsbasiertes, Forschungsorientiertes oder Forschungsnahes Lernen sind heutzutage in aller Munde, wie die Vielzahl von Publikationen in den letzten Jahren zeigt. Ist mit dem Forschenden Lernen für die universitäre Lehre ein Allheilmittel gegen die „Verschulung des Studiums in der von Bologna gebeutelten Hochschullandschaft“ (Ukley & Gröben, 2018, S. IX) gefunden worden? Alle, die sich tiefer mit dem didaktischen Format des Forschenden Lernens auseinandersetzen, wissen: So einfach ist es nicht.
Herausforderungen für Lehrende beim Forschenden Lernen
Authors: Beyerlin Simone , Gotzen Susanne , Linnartz Dagmar
Published: August 2020

Welche Herausforderungen stellen sich Lehrenden bei der Gestaltung von Forschendem Lernen? Und welche Schlüsse lassen sich daraus für die hochschuldidaktische (Beratungs-)Arbeit ziehen? Diesen Fragen geht der folgende Beitrag anhand einer qualitativen Studie an der Technischen Hochschule Köln nach.
Curriculare Verankerung des Forschungsnahen Lernens
Authors: Huber Ludwig
Published: August 2020

Forschendes Lernen zeichnet sich durch eine Vielfalt unterschiedlicher Formen und Ausgestaltungen aus. Für eine nachhaltige und langfristige Verankerung solcher Ansätze stellt sich die Frage, welche Möglichkeiten sich innerhalb der Curricula der Studiengänge dafür bieten. Der Beitrag stellt verschiedene Formen der Verankerung vor und diskutiert ihre Eignung.
Die Themenklasse Bild Wissen Gestaltung
Authors: Schulz Katrina , Wegener Franziska
Published: August 2020

Der Beitrag beleuchtet die Konzeption und Durchführung der studentischen Themenklasse Bild Wissen Gestaltung im Umfeld des gleichnamigen Exzellenzclusters der Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin (HU). Die Themenklasse ist ein seit fünf Jahren durchgeführtes HU-spezifisches Format Forschenden Lernens, das Studierenden im Rahmen des Deutschlandstipendiums ein Jahr finanzielle Unterstützung bietet und ihnen gleichzeitig gestattet, erste Erfahrungen in einem interdisziplinären Forschungsumfeld zu sammeln und Kontakte zu etablierten Wissenschaftlerinnen und Wissenschaftler zu knüpfen. Sie wird ermöglicht durch die Unterstützung der Schering Stiftung und ist eine von zwei Themenklassen an der HU.
Das Projekt Studierendenfachtagung „Integration und Sport“
Authors: Albert Katrin , Nobis Tina
Published: August 2020

Forschendes Lernen spielt in hochschuldidaktischen Diskussionen der Sportwissenschaft von einigen Ausnahmen abgesehen (z. B. Blotzheim, Kamper & Schneider, 2008; Gruber, 2007; Hempel, 2012; Neuber, 2017; Ukley & Gröben, 2018) zwar bislang keine zentrale Rolle. Dennoch dürfte es in der sportwissenschaftlichen Lehrpraxis eine Reihe an Veranstaltungen geben, die dem Forschenden Lernen zugeordnet werden können.
Spectra of elliptic potentials and supersymmetric gauge theories
Authors: He Wei
Published: August 2020

Abstract

We study a relation between asymptotic spectra of the quantum mechanics problem with a four components elliptic function potential, the Darboux-Treibich-Verdier (DTV) potential, and the Omega background deformed N=2 supersymmetric SU(2) QCD models with four massive flavors in the Nekrasov-Shatashvili limit. The weak coupling spectral solution of the DTV potential is related to the instanton partition function of supersymmetric QCD with surface operator. There are two strong coupling spectral solutions of the DTV potential, they are related to the strong coupling expansions of gauge theory prepotential at the magnetic and dyonic points in the moduli space. A set of duality transformations relate the two strong coupling expansions for spectral solution, and for gauge theory prepotential.
On Some Numerical Integration Formulas on the d-Dimensional Simplex
Authors: Di Tommaso Filomena , Zerroudi Benaissa
Published: August 2020

In this paper, we consider the problem of the approximation of the integral of a function f over a d-dimensional simplex S of $$\mathbb {R}^{d}$$

R

d

by some quadrature formulas which use only the functional and derivative values of f on the boundary of the simplex S or function data at the vertices of S, at points on its facets and at its center of gravity. The quadrature formulas are computed by integrating over S a polynomial approximant of f which uses functional and derivative values at the vertices of S.
Atomic Operators in Vector Lattices
Authors: Chill Ralph , Pliev Marat
Published: August 2020

In this paper, we introduce a new class of operators on vector lattices. We say that a linear or nonlinear operator T from a vector lattice E to a vector lattice F is atomic if there exists a Boolean homomorphism $$\Phi $$
Φ
from the Boolean algebra $${\mathfrak {B}}(E)$$

B
(
E
)

of all order projections on E to $${\mathfrak {B}}(F)$$

B
(
F
)

such that $$T\pi =\Phi (\pi )T$$

T
π
=
Φ
(
π
)
T

for every order projection $$\pi \in {\mathfrak {B}}(E)$$

π
∈
B
(
E
)

. We show that the set of all atomic operators defined on a vector lattice E with the principal projection property and taking values in a Dedekind complete vector lattice F is a band in the vector lattice of all regular orthogonally additive operators from E to F. We give the formula for the order projection onto this band, and we obtain an analytic representation for atomic operators between spaces of measurable functions. Finally, we consider the procedure of the extension of an atomic map from a lateral ideal to the whole space.
Verletzung der A. profunda femoris mit transfusionspflichtiger Blutung durch sekundäre Dislokation des Trochanter minor nach Osteosynthese einer pertrochantären Femurfraktur
Authors: Hertig D. , Thalmann R. , Rufer B.
Published: August 2020

Ein 95-jähriger Patient erlitt eine transfusionspflichtige Blutung nach Osteosynthese einer pertrochantären Femurfraktur mittels proximalem Femurnagel. Das bei der Erstmobilisation sekundär dislozierte Fragment des Trochanter minor perforierte einen Seitenast der A. profunda femoris. Die Blutung konnte mittels Embolisation gestillt werden, und der Patient wurde wenige Tage später mit stabilem Hämoglobinwert entlassen. Wiederholt sinkende Hämoglobinwerte trotz mehrmaliger Bluttransfusion weisen auf eine aktive Blutung hin. Die genaue Identifikation der Blutungsquelle nach Osteosynthese proximaler Femurfrakturen ist entscheidend für die korrekte Therapie.
Emergence of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Austria
Authors: Kreidl Peter , Schmid Daniela , Maritschnik Sabine , Richter Lukas , Borena Wegene , Genger Jakob-Wendelin , Popa Alexandra , Penz Thomas , Bock Christoph , Bergthaler Andreas , Allerberger Franz
Published: August 2020

This is a report on the first identified cases of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Austria. The first documented case was a person who stayed in Kühtai, Tyrol, from 24 to 26 January 2020, and had been infected by a Chinese instructor in Starnberg (Germany) between 20 and 22 January. This counts as a German case since her diagnosis was eventually made in Munich (Germany) on 28 January. On 25 February, two cases imported from Italy were diagnosed in Innsbruck but again no secondary cases were identified in Austria. The first three infections of Austrian inhabitants were detected on 27 February in Vienna. The two resulting clusters finally included 6 (source of initial infection unknown) and 61 cases. Most likely, Italy was the source of the latter cluster. On 12 March the first fatal case of COVID-19 in Austria was reported, a 69-year-old Viennese who died in a Vienna hospital after returning from a cruise ship tour in Italy. On 6 March three autochthonously acquired cases were reported in the Tyrol, all related to the ski resort Ischgl. Of the first 14 Islandic COVID-19 cases infected in Ischgl, 11 had already returned to Iceland on 29 February. We consider that the incriminated barkeeper, who tested PCR positive on 7 March, was neither the primary case nor a superspreader. In our opinion, undetected transmission of SARS-CoV‑2 had been ongoing in Ischgl prior to the first laboratory confirmed cases. Our data also underline that the introduction of SARS-CoV‑2 into Austria was not one single event.
Characteristic Curves of the Lennard-Jones Fluid
Authors: Stephan Simon , Deiters Ulrich K.
Published: August 2020

Equations of state based on intermolecular potentials are often developed about the Lennard-Jones (LJ) potential. Many of such EOS have been proposed in the past. In this work, 20 LJ EOS were examined regarding their performance on Brown’s characteristic curves and characteristic state points. Brown’s characteristic curves are directly related to the virial coefficients at specific state points, which can be computed exactly from the intermolecular potential. Therefore, also the second and third virial coefficient of the LJ fluid were investigated. This approach allows a comparison of available LJ EOS at extreme conditions. Physically based, empirical, and semi-theoretical LJ EOS were examined. Most investigated LJ EOS exhibit some unphysical artifacts.
The biomechanical evaluation of magnetic forces to drive osteogenesis in newborn’s with cleft lip and palate
Authors: Nalabothu Prasad , Verna Carlalberta , Steineck Markus , Mueller Andreas Albert , Dalstra Michel
Published: August 2020

This study examined the potential for dental magnets to act as a driving force for osteogenesis in the palate of newborns with a unilateral cleft lip and palate. In the first part of the study dental magnets were arranged in a set up mimicking a distraction device and the curves of the magnetic attraction force versus gap distance curves generated, with and without the presence of palatal rugae tissue in between both sides of the distraction device. The attraction forces ranged from 1 to 12 N depending on the gap distance and the presence of soft tissue in the gap. In the second part of the study these forces were used as input for a 3D finite element model of the palate of a newborn affected by unilateral cleft lip and palate. In the analysis of load transfer, it was found that the strains generated by a magnetically induced distraction exceed 1,500 µstrain suggesting that bone locally is submitted to mild overload leading to bone apposition.
Street-connectedness and education in Kenya: Experiences of formal schooling as rationale for inclusive pedagogies of practice
Authors: Corcoran Su Lyn , Awimbo Lillian Aoko , Mugwanga Kelvin , Aluoch Irene Atieno
Published: August 2020

This article contributes to the literature on street-connectedness and inclusive education, presenting original research findings from two Kenyan studies. Both studies aim to understand street-connected young people’s experiences of education. The first focused on transitioning from the street into education or training, to explore the challenges of making that transition. The second focused on young people who had lived on the street for extended periods of time and were still there at the time of data generation. Both studies generated significant insight into (a) education as motivating initial migrations to the street, (b) the role of fear, embarrassment, and shame in preventing young people from going (back) into formal education, and (c) how acceptance and support are key to overcoming feelings of not belonging and other challenges when transitioning from the street into school. The article provides empirical evidence that should be considered when planning inclusive education provision for street-connected young people globally.
Antinomism in Twentieth-Century Russian Philosophy: The Case of Pavel Florensky
Authors: Moore Harry James
Published: August 2020

This study examines the notion of antinomy, or unavoidable contradiction, in the work of Pavel Florensky (1882–1937). Many Russian philosophers of the Silver Age shared a common conviction which is yet to receive sufficient attention in critical literature, either in Russia or abroad. This is namely a philosophical and theological dependence on unavoidable contradiction, paradox, or antinomy. The history of antinomy and its Russian reception is introduced here before a new framework for understanding Russian antinomism is defended. This is namely the anticipation of ‘vertical’ antinomies in ‘horizontal’ antinomies. Here, by ‘horizontal’ we suppose an unavoidable contradiction of reason or philosophical reflection, and by ‘vertical’ an unavoidable contradiction of revelation, faith, or a self-contradictory dogma. The study aims to demonstrate that Florensky fails to provide a satisfactory anticipation of vertical antinomies.
Using Response Times and Response Accuracy to Measure Fluency Within Cognitive Diagnosis Models
Authors: Wang Shiyu , Chen Yinghan
Published: August 2020

The recent “Every Student Succeed Act" encourages schools to use an innovative assessment to provide feedback about students’ mastery level of grade-level content standards. Mastery of a skill requires the ability to complete the task with not only accuracy but also fluency. This paper offers a new sight on using both response times and response accuracy to measure fluency with cognitive diagnosis model framework. Defining fluency as the highest level of a categorical latent attribute, a polytomous response accuracy model and two forms of response time models are proposed to infer fluency jointly. A Bayesian estimation approach is developed to calibrate the newly proposed models. These models were applied to analyze data collected from a spatial rotation test. Results demonstrate that compared with the traditional CDM that using response accuracy only, the proposed joint models were able to reveal more information regarding test takers’ spatial skills. A set of simulation studies were conducted to evaluate the accuracy of model estimation algorithm and illustrate the various degrees of model complexities.
Numerical Analysis of Slag Transfer in the IronArc Process
Authors: Svantesson Jonas L. , Ersson Mikael , Imris Matej , Jönsson Pär G.
Published: August 2020

The IronArc process is a novel approach to ironmaking which aims to reduce the associated

$${\hbox {CO}}_{2}$$

CO
2

emissions. By superheating gas using electricity in a plasma generator (PG) the heat required for the process can be supplied without burning of coke. Reduction of hematite and magnetite ores is facilitated by additions of hydrocarbons from liquid natural gas (LNG). The melting and reduction of ore will produce a molten slag containing 90 pct wüstite, which will be corrosive to most refractory materials. A freeze-lining can prevent refractory wear by separating the molten slag from the refractory. This approach is evaluated in CFD simulations by studying the liquid flow and solidification of the slag using the enthalpy–porosity model in two different slag transfer designs. It was found that a fast moving slag causes a high near-wall turbulence, which prevents solidification in the affected areas. The RSM turbulence model was verified against published experimental research on solidification in flows. It was found to accurately predict the freeze-lining thickness when a steady state was reached, but with lacking accuracy for predicting the time required for formation of said freeze-lining. The results were similar when the

$$k{-}\omega $$

k
-
ω

SST model was used. A design with a slower flow causes more solidified material on the walls and can protect all areas of the refractory wall from the corrosive slag. A parameter study was done on the effect of viscosity, mushy zone parameter, heat conductivity and mass flow on the amount of solidified material, thickness of solidified material, heat flux, and wall shear stress. In the current geometry, freeze-linings completely protect the refractory for mass flow rates of up to 3

$${\text {kg}} \, {\text {s}}^{-1},$$

kg

s

-
1

,

and are stable for the expected viscosity (0.05 to 0.3 Pa), heat conductivity (2

$${\text {W}}\, {\text {m}}^{-1}\,{\text {K}}^{-1}),$$

W

m

-
1

K

-
1

)
,

and used mushy zone parameter (10,000).
Identifying Blood Transcriptome Biomarkers of Alzheimer’s Disease Using Transgenic Mice
Authors: Ochi Shinichiro , Iga Jun-ichi , Funahashi Yu , Yoshino Yuta , Yamazaki Kiyohiro , Kumon Hiroshi , Mori Hiroaki , Ozaki Yuki , Mori Takaaki , Ueno Shu-ichi
Published: August 2020

The testing of pathological biomarkers of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), such as amyloid beta and tau, is time-consuming, expensive, and invasive. Here, we used 3xTg-AD mice to identify and validate putative novel blood transcriptome biomarkers of AD that can potentially be identified in the blood of patients. mRNA was extracted from the blood and hippocampus of 3xTg-AD and control mice at different ages and used for microarray analysis. Network and functional analyses revealed that the differentially expressed genes between AD and control mice modulated the immune and neuroinflammation systems. Five novel gene transcripts (Cdkn2a, Apobec3, Magi2, Parp3, and Cass4) showed significant increases with age, and their expression in the blood was collated with that in the hippocampus only in AD mice. We further assessed previously identified candidate biomarker genes. The expression of Trem1 and Trem2 in both the blood and brain was significantly increased with age. Decreased Tomm40 and increased Pink1 mRNA levels were observed in the mouse blood. The changes in the expression of Snca and Apoe mRNA in the mouse blood and brain were similar to those found in human AD blood. Our results demonstrated that the immune and neuroinflammatory system is involved in the pathophysiologies of aging and AD and that the blood transcriptome might be useful as a biomarker of AD.
Thallium-201 Imaging in Intact Olfactory Sensory Neurons with Reduced Pre-Synaptic Inhibition In Vivo
Authors: Shiga Hideaki , Wakabayashi Hiroshi , Washiyama Kohshin , Noguchi Tomohiro , Hiromasa Tomo , Miyazono Sadaharu , Kumai Masami , Ogawa Kazuma , Taki Junichi , Kinuya Seigo , Miwa Takaki
Published: August 2020

In this study, we determined whether the 201Tl (thallium-201)-based olfactory imaging is affected if olfactory sensory neurons received reduced pre-synaptic inhibition signals from dopaminergic interneurons in the olfactory bulb in vivo. The thallium-201 migration rate to the olfactory bulb and the number of action potentials of olfactory sensory neurons were assessed 3 h following left side nasal administration of rotenone, a mitochondrial respiratory chain complex I inhibitor that decreases the number of dopaminergic interneurons without damaging the olfactory sensory neurons in the olfactory bulb, in mice (6–7 animals per group). The migration rate of thallium-201 to the olfactory bulb was significantly increased following intranasal administration of thallium-201 and rotenone (10 μg rotenone, p = 0.0012; 20 μg rotenone, p = 0.0012), compared with that in control mice. The number of action potentials was significantly reduced in the olfactory sensory neurons in the rotenone treated side of 20 μg rotenone-treated mice, compared with that in control mice (p = 0.0029). The migration rate of thallium-201 to the olfactory bulb assessed with SPECT-CT was significantly increased in rats 24 h after the left intranasal administration of thallium-201 and 100 μg rotenone, compared with that in control rats (p = 0.008, 5 rats per group). Our results suggest that thallium-201 migration to the olfactory bulb is increased in intact olfactory sensory neurons with reduced pre-synaptic inhibition from dopaminergic interneurons in olfactory bulb glomeruli.
Variable Exponent Sobolev Spaces and Regularity of Domains
Authors: Górka Przemysław , Karak Nijjwal , Pons Daniel J.
Published: August 2020

We study the embeddings of variable exponent Sobolev and Hölder function spaces over Euclidean domains, providing necessary and/or sufficient conditions on the regularity of the exponent and/or the domain in various contexts. Concerning the exponent, the relevant condition is log-Hölder continuity; concerning the domain, the relevant condition is the measure density condition.
The Relationship between a Western Amazonian Society and Domesticated Sedges (Cyperus spp.)
Authors: Kujawska Monika , Zamudio Fernando , Albán-Castillo Joaquina , Sosnowska Joanna
Published: August 2020

The article discusses the relationships between the Ashaninka people from Peruvian Amazonia and the domesticated sedges (Cyperusspp.) cultivated in almost every Ashaninka home garden, and mostly exchanged within family circles. An over-differentiation phenomenon is observed, in which four species ofCyperuscorrespond to 86 folk species. The names of folk species are formed by secondary lexemes, composed of a semantically active constituent and a generic suffix (i)benki. The names contain mnemonic cues to differentiate otherwise morphologically similar plants, and their meanings correspond to Ashaninka ontological categories, thus revealing many levels of connectivity between them and non-humans. The wide scope of specific uses (approx. 60 registered) assigned toCyperusspp. is only partly supported by phytochemicals and ergot alkaloids in the fungus-infested sedges. The key to understanding theibenki’s (Cyperus) agency lies in local cosmologies, in which domesticated sedges are viewed as plant-persons and kin. The Ashaninka are engaged in producing the bodies of their kin, theibenki. Simultaneously,ibenkiare powerful allies in restoring harmonious social relations and protecting people against the intentional actions of other humans and non-humans.
Seasonal variations in pancreatic surgery outcome A retrospective time-trend analysis of 2748 Whipple procedures
Authors: Marchegiani Giovanni , Andrianello Stefano , Nessi Chiara , Giuliani Tommaso , Malleo Giuseppe , Paiella Salvatore , Salvia Roberto , Bassi Claudio
Published: August 2020

Background

Observing cyclic patterns in surgical outcome is a common experience. We aimed to measure this phenomenon and to hypothesize possible causes using the experience of a high-volume pancreatic surgery department.

Methods

Outcomes of 2748 patients who underwent a Whipple procedure at a single high-volume center from January 2000 to December 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. Three different hypotheses were tested: the effect of climate changes, the “July effect” and the effect of vacations.

Results

Clavien-Dindo ≥ 3 morbidity was similar during warm vs. cold months (22.5% vs. 19.8%, p = 0.104) and at the beginning of activity of new trainees vs. the rest of the year (23.5 vs. 22.5%, p = 0.757). Patients operated when a high percentage of staff is on vacation showed an increased Clavien-Dindo ≥ 3 morbidity (22.3 vs. 18.5%, p = 0.022), but similar mortality (2.3 vs. 1.8%, p = 0.553). The surgical waiting list was also significantly longer during these periods (37 vs. 27 days, p = 0.037). Being operated in such a period of the year was an independent predictor of severe morbidity (OR 1.271, CI 95% 1.086–1.638, p = 0.031).

Conclusion

Being operated when more staff is on vacation significantly affects severe morbidity rate. Future healthcare system policies should prevent the relative shortage of resources during these periods.