bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Performance of Waste Insulating Mineral Oil-Based Biodiesel in a Direct-Injection CI Engine
Authors: A. Sivakumar  , R. Sathiyamoorthi  , V. Jayaseelan  , R. Ashok Gandhi  , Sudhakar K.
Published: January 2022

Mineral oil has been used as an insulating fluid in the power industry. However, surplus waste oil poses serious environmental threats because of disposal concerns. Waste to biofuel is an excellent way to deal with waste material from various sources. In this study, the trans-esterification method was utilised to convert the waste-insulating mineral oil into a quality bio-fuel. Waste-insulating transformer oil was converted to biodiesel, and it was tested according to ASTM standards. Four different blends of waste-insulating biodiesel with diesel in 25 per cent (WIOBD25), 50 per cent (WIOBD50), 75 per cent (WIOBD75), and 100 per cent fractions (WIOBD100), were used for performance testing in a direct injection compression ignition (DICI) engine. The combustion parameters such as BSFC, EGT, and BTE were evaluated with varying crank angles and constant engine speed. The waste-insulating biodiesel performance results are then compared with diesel fuel. BSFC increased as the biofuel mixture in diesel was raised, and the brake thermal efficiency (BTE) was significantly reduced compared to diesel for all WIOBD diesel mixtures. Due to the combustion process, a high pressure and heat release rate (HRR) were noticed inside the cylinder with the waste-insulating oil-derived biodiesel samples. WIOBD biodiesel blends produced lower levels of hydrocarbon, carbon monoxide, and smoke emissions than diesel fuel, but greater levels of nitrogen oxides (NOx) were produced than diesel fuel. In addition to lower emissions combined with improved engine performance, the WIOBD25 fuel blend has been found to be experimentally optimal for practical application. As a result, the test findings indicated that WIOBD biodiesel might be used as a substitute for conventional diesel fuel.
Challenge of Teaching Genetics at Early Stage
Authors: Willey Edwards , Wang Fuzhou
Published: January 2022

As a part of early science education, biogenetics is one of the critical components. Usually, the course is taught at the middle school at the earliest (Committee on the Science of Children Birth to Age 8, 2015). There may be specific difficulties for adolescent students who are first exposed to genetics knowledge, from cognition to knowledge reserve. In addition, understanding its basic concepts may require the lecturer to adopt certain methods and skills (Hirsh et al., 2020). Due to the abstract nature of genetics, this is more challenging for students of this age.
Approach for Multi-Label Text Data Class Verification and Adjustment Based on Self-Organizing Map and Latent Semantic Analysis
Authors: Stefanovič Pavel , Kurasova Olga
Published: January 2022

In this paper, a new approach has been proposed for multi-label text data class verification and adjustment. The approach helps to make semi-automated revisions of class assignments to improve the quality of the data. The data quality significantly influences the accuracy of the created models, for example, in classification tasks. It can also be useful for other data analysis tasks. The proposed approach is based on the combination of the usage of the text similarity measure and two methods: latent semantic analysis and self-organizing map. First, the text data must be pre-processed by selecting various filters to clean the data from unnecessary and irrelevant information. Latent semantic analysis has been selected to reduce the vectors dimensionality of the obtained vectors that correspond to each text from the analysed data. The cosine similarity distance has been used to determine which of the multi-label text data class should be changed or adjusted. The self-organizing map has been selected as the key method to detect similarity between text data and make decisions for a new class assignment. The experimental investigation has been performed using the newly collected multi-label text data. Financial news data in the Lithuanian language have been collected from four public websites and classified by experts into ten classes manually. Various parameters of the methods have been analysed, and the influence on the final results has been estimated. The final results are validated by experts. The research proved that the proposed approach could be helpful to verify and adjust multi-label text data classes. 82% of the correct assignments are obtained when the data dimensionality is reduced to 40 using the latent semantic analysis, and the self-organizing map size is reduced from 40 to 5 by step 5.
Modern Technologies and Transformation of Social Work Profession and Education: Insights of Teachers of the Lithuanian and Japanese Higher Education Institutions
Authors: Žalimienė Laimutė , Charenkova Juratė , Šumskienė Eglė , Petružytė Donata , Seniutis Miroslavas , Gevorgianienė Violeta , Yamaguchi Mai
Published: January 2022

This article explores the attitudes of Japanese and Lithuanian social work program teachers towards the challenges posed by modern technologies that may transform social work profession and studies. Study data revealed that scientists from both countries admit that “taming” technologies and optimally “cooperating” with them is the main challenge of social work practice and studies. On the one hand, belief that technological development will provide more opportunities to fulfil the mission of social work was prevalent among the study participants, on the other hand, they had expressed concern that eventually the use of technology will change the essence of social work as a profession of human relations or will create modified forms of social exclusion. Additionally, a niche for the new role of the social worker was identified: to help the world “occupied” by technology remain “social”. Attitudes of research participants from both Lithuania and Japan can be linked to traditional concept of sociality and vision of social work as profession that belongs exclusively to area of human relations. B. Latour’s asocial sociality concept can be applied for broader look into this situation. This concept states that efforts to trace the contribution of actors of an inhuman nature to what belongs in the human world may be more successful when one ceases to view the world exclusively through human eyes and tries to reveal the inner perspectives of phenomena of a mixed nature.
Viremia in Equine Herpes Virus-1 infection and a possible link to Transient Protective Immunity
Authors: Awan AR , Tulp OL , Field HJ
Published: January 2022

Equine herpes virus (EHV-1) causes respiratory infections in equine, and results in abortion, paresis, neonatal death, and retinopathy and the virus may become latent following initial infection. Virus entry is via the respiratory route, and the virus replicates in the host in ciliated and non-ciliated epithelial cells of the respiratory tract and in Type 1 and Type 2 pneumocytes in the lung parenchyma. After viral replication in the respiratory system, the virus can become disseminated to other parts of body via viraemic cells. The virus also can cross the placenta which leads to abortion of live or dead fetuses without premonitory signs. Infected horses show transient immunity after natural or experimental infection and immune responses to EHV-1, but the immunoprotective status begins to decline after a few months of active infection. Due to the transient immune response, recovered horses are not immunoprotected and thus are prone to subsequent re-infection. Immunity is not long lived after experimental or natural infection, and as a result the development of an effective vaccine has remained a challenge. In this study viraemic cells were studied in a murine EHV-1 infection model. Mice were infected intranasally and viraemic cells were studied on days three and five which occurs during the peak of the infection. The results of this study may help to identify the nature of viraemic cells and their role in the transient immune response to infection. Buffy coat cells and lungs were removed and stained with a fluorescent antibody test for EHV-1 antigen, and lung specimens were subjected to transmission electron microscopy. Both techniques confirmed the presence of viraemic cells in lung tissues. These viraemic cells were further stained for EHV-1 antigen, and for CD4 or CD8 biomarkers and results are discussed re: pathogenesis of EHV-1 infection, identification of viraemic cells in a murine model and possible link of viraemia to transient immune responses in EHV-1 infection, which demonstrate the validity of this murine model for the investigation of the cytopathologic mechanism and sequelae of EHV manifestation in this model.
Establishment and Operation of Private Land Credit Institutions in Penza Province in the Late 1860s – mid 1880s
Authors: Kisteneva Natalia A.
Published: January 2022

Introduction. The abolition of public credit institutions in the first half of the 19th century meant that following after the peasant reform, private landowners were forced to rely entirely on their ability to conduct economic activities, they desperately needed the money demanded for the capitalist modernization of their estates. It was important under such circumstances the appearance in the mid-1860s of private land banks that have granted land collateral loans. Materials and Methods. The study of the claimed problem required the involvement of a number of historical and economic methods: historical, statistical and quantitative. At the same time, the question of the amount of debt owed to private land banks was examined on the basis of a comprehensive analysis of statistical data on land credit published by a committee of congresses of representatives of Russian land credit institutions. Results. The article analyzes the main indicators of the activity of the joint-stock land banks in the first two decades of their operation, considers the characteristics of the establishment and development of the private land credit system, the volume of loans issued, the size of the mortgaged land, the amount of the loans are shown by their regional characteristics. Discussion and Conclusions. Set up in mid-nineteenth century the system of equity land credit, which focuses on the granting of land mortgages by private landowners, has played an important role in the processes of land ownership mobilization and the development of capitalism in the agricultural sector. Private credit institutions were one of the most important components of the land credit system, and the activities of these institutions in the territory of the governorate in question resulted in: that almost a quarter of all privately owned land had been deposited in them.
Housing Issue and Attempts to Solve it During the “Khrushchev Thaw”: a View From the Province (on the Example of the Mordovian ASSR)
Authors: Ivliev Sergey A.
Published: January 2022

Introduction. The relevance of the work is due to the demand for Soviet experience in implementing large-scale state projects, in particular in the field of housing construction, at the present stage of Russian modernization. Methods. The factual material available in the work is drawn from the funds of the Central State Archive of the Republic of Mordovia, as well as from published sources. During the research, the following methods were used: comparative-historical, problem-chronological, historical-cultural, historical reconstruction. Results. The dynamics of all types of housing construction in the republic during the study period received the maximum turnover. Discussion. One of the reasons for significant success in the field of housing construction in the republic was the reform of the country’s economic system. Sovnarkhoz turned out to be more flexible and adapted to the conditions of planned administering as management structures, which in particular manifested itself in the field of housing construction. Other reasons for success were a kind of “revolution” in the development of housing construction methods, when, along with the state, the “people’s construction” and the cooperative method began to be widely used, as well as the industrial basis of construction, albeit not always consistently implemented. At the same time, the speed of construction generated a lot of problems in hastily constructed standard small cars, which became the reverse side of Khrushchev’s housing policy. Conclusion. The housing policy pursued by the Khrushchev leadership was one of the indisputable social conquests of the time under study, when a significant part of people from barracks and communal apartments moved to separate apartments intended for settlement by one family. However, when solving this most important problem, the authorities placed special emphasis not so much on the development of new construction technologies, as on managerial reorganization, leading ultimately to a simple increase in the workforce and organizations involved in the construction of residential facilities.
Eventos y prácticas de literacidad en torno a la formación literaria en educación básica en México
Authors: Galindo Ruíz de Chávez María De los Ángeles , Castro Magaña Jazmín Rocío
Published: January 2022

En este artículo científico se presentan resultados descriptivos sobre los eventos y prácticas de literacidad en los que participan el profesorado y alumnado en el ámbito de la literatura dentro de las asignaturas Español y Lengua Materna Español de educación básica en México. La literacidad literaria busca formar lectores que disfruten, comprendan y aprecien las obras literarias; además, reconoce que la lectura y la escritura de obras literarias se convierte en una práctica donde se socializa y se crea significado de acuerdo con los valores, creencias e identidades de la comunidad donde se experimenta. La investigación fue etnográfica realizada en una escuela primaria pública de Hermosillo, Sonora, México, durante enero y febrero de 2020, en la que participaron 12 docentes y 144 estudiantes. Los datos arrojados por el cuestionario, la entrevista focal y la observación manifiestan: a) una disociación en la política educativa y la práctica en la escuela en torno al fomento y la apreciación literaria, b) los libros de texto Español Lecturas no son utilizados porque las actividades del texto básico Español y Lengua Materna Español, no están vinculadas entre sí, c) se considera que las prácticas sociales del lenguaje son complejas para implementarse en el aula y que están descontextualizadas de los intereses del estudiantado y, d) existe una incongruencia entre las evaluaciones externas de calidad educativa con lo establecido en los planes curriculares que convergen actualmente: 2011 y 2017. En conclusión, existe un contexto tenso porque el profesorado se ve obligado a tomar decisiones entre sus prácticas didácticas, sus creencias docentes y las exigencias de la política educativa; esta tensión impide que el fomento y la enseñanza de la literatura y de la lectoescritura promuevan la construcción de significados, donde el estudiantado construya su propio discurso y donde se haga posible la interdisciplinariedad e intertextualidad.
Evaluación Integrada de pensamiento crítico y conciencia ciudadana como competencias ATC21s en Costa Rica y en Japón
Authors: Mena Araya Aarón Elí
Published: January 2022

El aprendizaje basado en competencias en educación primaria requiere la formación integrada de múltiples competencias. Debido a su complejidad inherente, su evaluación supone retos importantes. Este artículo presenta los resultados de experiencias de formación y evaluación realizadas en escuelas de Costa Rica y de Japón durante el año escolar del 2019, dirigidas a desarrollar competencias ATC21s (Evaluación y Enseñanza de las Competencias del Siglo XXI) relacionadas con conciencia ciudadana, pensamiento crítico y literacidad en TIC. En cada país, un grupo experimental (26 estudiantes en Costa Rica y 27 en Japón) participó en dos unidades de aprendizaje, que incorporaron cortos animados, organizadores gráficos e historietas para abordar problemas comunitarios. Los resultados de ambas unidades fueron evaluados mediante el análisis de historietas y cuestionarios. Los grupos de control (25 estudiantes en Costa Rica y 27 en Japón) participaron solo en los cuestionarios, los cuales se centran en los conceptos de comunidad y participación ciudadana. El análisis de historietas se enfocó en la conciencia ciudadana y en las habilidades de pensamiento crítico de las personas participantes, y el análisis de cuestionarios se centró en nociones vinculadas con comunidad y participación ciudadana. En Costa Rica, el análisis de las historietas mostró incrementos significativos en los puntajes de pensamiento crítico (PPC) y conciencia ciudadana (PCC) entre las dos unidades. En las dos unidades, el estudiantado japonés mostró un mejor desempeño en PPC y PCC que sus pares costarricenses. En ambos países se encontraron correlaciones significativas entre PPC y PCC. En los grupos experimentales y de control de ambos países, el análisis de los cuestionarios no mostró resultados concluyentes. Estos resultados muestran que la narrativa es más adecuada que la descripción y la exposición para que las personas estudiantes expresen actitudes activas y críticas relacionadas con ciudadanía y democracia
Estrategias para la inclusión de estudiantes indígenas en la Universidad Nacional de Salta (UNSa), Argentina
Authors: Rodríguez Nuria Macarena
Published: January 2022

Este artículo analiza las estrategias de inclusión de estudiantes indígenas en la Universidad Nacional de Salta (Salta, Argentina) a partir de una política educativa institucional; a saber, el proyecto de Tutorías con Estudiantes de Pueblos Originarios. El estudio contempla las estrategias de permanencia y retención en dicho proyecto. Se decide abordar esta política educativa porque se le considera una experiencia que contribuye a cuestionar el Modelo Civilizatorio Moderno Colonial y avanzar hacia una inclusión intercultural en las universidades nacionales argentinas. La investigación se realizó desde una lógica cualitativa y consistió en un estudio de caso con enfoque etnográfico. La información que se analiza se obtuvo mediante observaciones participantes y entrevistas orientadas a la narrativa autobiográfica. El trabajo de campo se realizó durante el período comprendido entre los años 2016 y 2019. La investigación realizada permitió identificar tres ejes centrales en las estrategias de inclusión de estudiantes indígenas en la Universidad Nacional de Salta: la reivindicación de la identidad indígena como estrategia de permanencia; los aspectos formativos como estrategia de retención; y los lazos afectivos como estrategias de retención y permanencia. El análisis de estos tres ejes, así como de las expectativas a futuro de quienes conforman los espacios de tutorías permiten reconocer cómo estos últimos posibilitan tejidos de contención que se constituyen en experiencias de inclusión intercultural. Sin embargo, esta característica no puede, todavía, generalizarse a toda la Universidad, ya que no se evidencian, por fuera del Proyecto analizado, esfuerzos por incluir al estudiantado indígena en la UNSa en términos interculturales.
Orientación para el desarrollo de la carrera: Instrumento para la exploración
Authors: Murillo Aguilar Osvaldo
Published: January 2022

La teoría del desarrollo de la carrera se enfatiza en la comprensión del proceso que realiza la persona para construir su identidad personal y profesional a lo largo de la vida. Sin embargo, en el ejercicio profesional de la Orientación, practicar dicha exploración requiere ahondar en sus experiencias, interacciones y actividades efectuadas, así como en los sentidos otorgados. Según lo anterior, este artículo tiene como finalidad operacionalizar un instrumento de exploración de corte cualitativo, donde se represente el desarrollo de la carrera de las personas, por medio de un apoyo didáctico y visual a través de un gráfico. De este modo, la intención del instrumento será favorecer el diálogo en el proceso de intervención, así como la exploración de elementos tales como: la percepción de las experiencias significativas; los recursos personales y los apoyos con que se cuenta, es decir, contribuirá a plantear la estrategia y a seguir en el proceso de intervención. Cabe resaltar que el instrumento fue desarrollado en Costa Rica y sometido a una validación cualitativa en el año 2021, con ayuda de un panel de personas expertas en Orientación, centradas en determinar sugerencias de mejora; utilidad del instrumento; viabilidad y posibles criterios para la interpretación. Como resultado, el panel experto señaló la viabilidad de la aplicación del instrumento, la facilidad de comprensión que -a partir de una perspectiva holística e integral- arroja información, para construir el perfil de la persona orientada y de esta forma fundamentar el resto del proceso de intervención. En definitiva, se concluye que la aplicación de dicho instrumento de exploración facilitará la acción orientadora, además de ser un aporte significativo en el ejercicio profesional de la Orientación y una herramienta que surge desde la visión de la disciplina en el contexto particular costarricense.
Efecto de Morus alba en el contenido de flavonoides y perfil bromatológico de leche caprina
Authors: García-Valádez Julio César , Carmona-Hernández Oscar , Bulbarela-Sampieri Carmen , López-Del-Castillo-Lozano Micloth , Aguirre-Martínez Ana María , Lozada-García José Armando
Published: January 2022

Introducción. La morera (Morus alba), planta originaria de China, se utiliza como forraje en algunas granjas. Su alto contenido de proteína estimula la producción de leche en el ganado; sin embargo, se desconoce si sus flavonoides pueden ser incorporados en la leche caprina. Objetivo. Evaluar el efecto de una dieta enriquecida con morera, sobre la concentración de flavonoides y parámetros bromatológicos de leche de cabras alpinas estabuladas. Materiales y métodos. El experimento se realizó en el año 2019, con cabras de una granja particular ubicada en Veracruz, México. Se formaron dos grupos (A con el tratamiento y B control) con cinco cabras de raza alpina cada uno, de características similares (alimentación estabulada, tres partos, sin mastitis, ordeño manual matutino y vespertino). El grupo A recibió forraje sin morera antes y después del tratamiento (días 1-10 y 21-31, respectivamente), y una dieta de forraje modificada con morera (días 11-20, tratamiento); el grupo B se alimentó con forraje sin morera los 31 días de experimentación. Además, se analizó el contenido de flavonoides en la morera y cada tres días en muestras de leche, además de los bromatológicos de contenido de proteína, grasa, lactosa, sólidos no grasos y densidad. Resultados. Durante la dieta modificada con morera, la concentración de flavonoides alcanzó un máximo de 53,45 mg mL-1 EQ en el grupo A al día 20, descendió de forma paulatina durante el periodo posterior al tratamiento; además, mantuvo un 20 % más de flavonoides que el grupo control. Se observó también un incremento significativo del contenido de proteína en el grupo A, sin diferencia significativa en los demás parámetros bromatológicos de la leche entre los dos grupos. Conclusión. Las dietas modificadas con morera favorecieron la incorporación de flavonoides y el incremento de proteína en la leche de cabra, sin modificar los demás parámetros bromatológicos.
El Making-of y la investigación artística experimental como recursos didácticos en la formación de cineastas en la Universidad Autónoma de Aguascalientes
Authors: Andrade Zamarripa Armando
Published: January 2022

Este texto expone los resultados de una intervención educativa en la asignatura Realización II: Dirección de Actores de la Licenciatura en Artes Cinematográficas y Audiovisuales de la Universidad Autónoma de Aguascalientes, a través del Making-of como recurso didáctico en un modelo de aprendizaje autónomo y colaborativo basado en la investigación artística experimental desde las necesidades creativas y el tipo de cine que desean filmar sus cineastas en formación. La propuesta reúne los hallazgos de Pat Brereton, quien comprobó que la consulta de “materiales extra” de los DVD permite un aprendizaje del cine fuera del aula, y los preceptos teóricos de Daniel Montero quien argumenta que la formación integral de artistas en las universidades se logra con la práctica experimental de la investigación artística para el desarrollo de epistemologías y metodologías propias. Por tanto, de los materiales extra elegimos al making-of porque revela el secreto técnico-metodológico de los cineastas in praxis.Palabras clave: cine; investigación aplicada; enseñanza audiovisual; formación de cineastas; autoaprendizaje.
Materials research and development needs to enable efficient and electrified buildings
Authors: Cui Shuang , Odukomaiya Adewale , Vidal Judith
Published: January 2022

Because of the complexity of modern buildings—with many interconnected materials, components, and systems—fully electrifying buildings will require targeted R&D and efficient coordination across those material, component, and system levels. Because buildings that consume the smallest amount of energy are easier to electrify, energy efficiency is a crucial step toward fully electrified buildings. Materials advances will play an important role in both reducing the energy intensity of buildings and electrifying their remaining energy use. Materials are currently being explored, discovered, synthesized, evaluated, optimized, and implemented across many building components, including solid-state lighting; dynamic windows and opaque envelopes; cold climate heat pumps; thermal energy storage; heating, ventilating, and air conditioning (HVAC); refrigeration; non-vapor compression HVAC; and more. In this article, we review the current state-of-the-art of materials for various buildings end uses and discuss R&D challenges and opportunities for both efficiency and electrification.

Graphical abstract
Persistence of The Tarekat Naqsabandiyah in Local Politics of Indonesia Post New Order
Authors: Handoko Tito , Mulkan Abdul Munir , Hidayati Mega , Azhar Muhammad
Published: January 2022

In the Indonesian context, tarekat is seen as a social movement with a broad impact. Its existence and activity need to be paid attention to by the State, society, and other political infrastructure. Many experts have carried out the discourse on tarekat with various points of view. This study focuses on the socio-political sphere of tarekat and its movements in local Indonesian politics after the Soeharto Era using a qualitative approach with interpretive data analysis involving the informants who understand the tarekat activity in Rokan Hulu in depth. The emergence of spiritual organs with various ideological variants, visions, and missions indicates the strengthening of civil supremacy in Indonesia. As part of a religious civil society organization, the Naqsyabandiyah order can grow and exert a strong influence on the dynamics of Indonesian local democracy, especially in Rokan Hulu - Riau. The existence of this movement strengthens Bruinessen's argument about the tarekat as a "storehouse of sounds," whose symbolization of motion is described by the gesture and commands of the teacher. After the New Order, there was a shift in the political orientation of this group; the nature of taqlid to master teachers was only for religious matters, while on political issues, there was a shift in direction that was more directed at the individual interests of the congregation. Even so, the Naqsyabandiyah Rokan Hulu tarekat could still maintain its existence and political power.
Nyayasutra against the Pasupata Conception of God
Authors: Pajor Sándor
Published: January 2022

In this paper, I present some possible interpretations of the Nyaya theistic argument, mostly following the analysis of C. Bulcke, highlighting his original interpretation. Other interpretations, which follow the explanations in the Nyayabhasya and the Nyayavarttika, are also presented, as well as an anthropocentric reading introduced by D. H. H. Ingalls, and a sixth possible interpretation suggested by Ferenc Ruzsa. Of course, there are other scholarly accounts of the theistic sutras of the Nyayasutra, but they fall outside the scope of this paper. Before I progress to an analysis of these interpretations, I briefly discuss the development of early Nyaya literature so that we can have a better understanding of this system and the legitimacy of numerous interpretations of the very same sutras.
Pasupata Yoga and the Art of Dying
Authors: Jonker Arinde
Published: January 2022

This paper researches the relation between yoga and death in the early Saiva tradition of the Pasupatas, based on three Pasupata sources: the Pasupatasutra, the Ratnatika and the Skandapurana. The paper presents an analysis and interpretation of textual passages that treat the last moment of the life of a Pasupata ascetic in order to find out whether or not his death can be interpreted as a form of ‘self-induced yogic death’. Following the analysis of the primary sources, it will become clear that yoga and death stood in a much closer relation than one might expect.
Religion and Modernity in the Himalaya, edited by Megan Adamson Sijapati and Jessica Vantine Birkenholtz
Authors: Pennington Brian K.
Published: January 2022

Religion and Modernity in the Himalaya, edited by Megan Adamson Sijapati and Jessica Vantine Birkenholtz. Abingdon: Routledge, 2016. 191 pp. £104 (hb). ISBN 978-0-415-72339-8.
La formation du Mahavastu et la mise en place des conceptions relatives à la carrière du bodhisattva, by Vincent Tournier
Authors: McGovern Nathan
Published: January 2022

La formation du Mahavastu et la mise en place des conceptions relatives à la carrière du bodhisattva, by Vincent Tournier. Paris: École française d’Extrême-Orient, 2017. xxiv + 631 pp. €45 (pb). ISBN 978-2-85539-133-5.
Devising a method for measuring the motion parameters of industrial equipment in the quarry using adaptive parameters of a video sequence
Authors: Podchashynskyi Yurii , Luhovykh Oksana , Tsyporenko Vitaliy , Tsyporenko Valentyn
Published: January 2022

The method and structural scheme of an information-measuring system for determining the parameters of objects' movements (technological equipment in the quarry for extracting block natural stone) have been proposed. A distinctive feature of time video sequences containing images of measured objects is their adaptation and adjustment in accordance with the intensity of movement and accuracy requirements for measurement results. Structural and software-algorithmic methods were also applied for improving the accuracy of measurements of motion parameters, namely: complexation of two measuring channels and exponential smoothing of digital references. One of the measuring channels is based on a digital video camera, the second is based on an accelerometer mounted on an object and two integrators. Exponential smoothing makes it possible to take into consideration the previous countdowns of movement parameters with weight coefficients. That ensures accounting for the existing patterns of movement of the object and reducing the errors when measuring the parameters of movement by (1.4...1.6) times.
The resulting solutions have been implemented in the form of an information and measurement system. The technological process of extracting blocks of natural stone in the quarry was experimentally investigated using a diamond-rope installation. Based on the contactless measurement of motion parameters, it is possible to ensure control over this process and improve the quality of blocks made of natural stone.
Based on the experimental study of measurement errors, recommendations were given for the selection of adaptive parameters of a video sequence, namely the size of images and the value of the inter-frame interval. In addition, methods for the software-algorithmic processing of measuring information were selected, specifically exponential smoothing and averaging the coordinates of the contour of an object, measured in 30 adjacent lines of the image
Kidney`s functional state assessment when using different regimens of intraoperative fluid therapy
Authors: Morozova Yanina , Pavlov Aleksandr
Published: January 2022

The aim of the research. To study the kidneys functional state when using different regimens of intraoperative fluid therapy in high cardiac risk patients during abdominal surgery.

Materials and methods. 142 patients who underwent abdominal surgical interventions mainly for oncoproctological diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, aged over 50 years old and with a history of stable coronary heart disease were divided into four groups depending on the way of intraoperative fluid therapy, which was performed according to two regimens: restrictive (R) and liberal (L). R1 (n=36) with rate of intraoperative fluid therapy 3–5 ml/ kg/ h, R2 (n=35) patients received 5–8 ml/kg/h during surgery, L1 (n=35) with intraoperative fluid rate of 8–11 ml/kg/h and L2 (n=36) – more than 11 ml/kg/h intraoperatively. The study of the functional state of the kidneys included the determination of such indicators as urea, creatinine, diuresis, the degree of AKI according to KDIGO in two stages of the study – before surgery and 18–24 hours after.

Results. The greatest tendency to develop acute kidney injury was observed in R1 subgroup with a restrictive intraoperative fluid therapy regimen, and the smallest in L1 subgroup with a relatively liberal regimen. The R2 and L2 subgroups took an intermediate place in the number of renal complications. A high tendency to develop renal dysfunction in patients of R1 subgroup was associated with circulatory hypokinesia and a moderate decrease of renal perfusion.

Conclusions. The study found that restriction of infusion in R1 subgroup contributed to the development of renal dysfunction in almost half of the patients. First of all it was associated with a decrease of GFR in conditions of circulatory hypokinesia, which is larger in R1 subgroup and amounted to about 35 %. The safest regimens of intraoperative fluid therapy in relation to renal function in the perioperative period were relatively liberal (subgroup L1) and relatively restrictive (subgroup R2), which provided the least number of complications in patients
Pediatric surgical sepsis: diagnostics and intensive therapy
Authors: Satvaldieva Elmira , Ashurova Gulchehra , Fayziev Otabek , Djalilov Abdumalik
Published: January 2022

The aim: Optimization of diagnostics and schemes of pathogenetic intensive therapy of surgical sepsis in children based on clinical and laboratory criteria and bacteriological monitoring.
Materials and methods: The research period is 2018-2020. The object of the study (n=73) – children with surgical pathology (widespread peritonitis, bacterial destruction of the lungs, post-traumatic brain hematomas, abdominal trauma, etc.). Research methods: microbiological monitoring to determine the sensitivity of the microorganism to antibiotics was carried out before and at the stages of treatment (sputum, urine, wound, bronchoalveolar lavage, tracheal aspirate, blood, contents from drainages, wound surface). Determination of the sensitivity of the isolated strains to antibiotics was carried out by the disk-diffusion method. To determine predictors of sepsis in surgical patients, clinical (mean arterial pressure (mAP), heart rate (HR), respiratory rate (RR), SpO2, etc. and laboratory parameters on days 1–2 (up to 48 hours) of sepsis identification, days 4 and 8 of intensive therapy. Procalcitonin was determined by immunofluorescence on a Triage® MeterPro analyzer (Biosite Diagnostics, USA). Blood gases and electrolytes were analyzed using a Stat Profile CCX analyzer (Nova Biomedical, USA).
Results: studies have shown the effectiveness of complex intensive care in 86.3 % of cases. Mortality was found in 13.7 % of cases. Patients with severe surgical pathology died: widespread peritonitis, severe TBI + coma with irreversible neurological disorders, urosepsis against the background of chronic renal failure, after repeated surgical interventions, due to the development of refractory septic shock (SS).
Conclusions. Early diagnosis of sepsis, rational early ABT under the control of microbiological monitoring, non-aggressive infusion therapy with early prescription of vasopressors (SS) with constant monitoring of the child's main life support organs contribute to an improvement in sepsis outcomes and a decrease in mortality
Study of the efficiency of using biogenic metals for feeding calves
Authors: Shkromada Oksana , Fotina Tatiana , Petrov Roman
Published: January 2022

Breeding young cattle is important, especially during the transition period from dairy feeding to concentrated dry feed. The paper presents the results of the use of biogenic metal nicotinates for weaning calves to improve metabolism in animals.

The aim of research. To investigate the effect of biogenic metal nicotinates: Zn, Cu, Fe, Co, Mn on the biochemical parameters of blood in calves after weaning.

Materials and methods. The study was carried out during 2021 in the conditions of LLC "Agrofirma Lan", Sumy region, Sumy district, Kindrativka, Ukraine for breeding young cattle. The calves of the experimental group were given compound feed and a premix of nicotinates of biogenic metals: Zn, Cu, Fe, Co, Mn, manufactured by PPronos Agro" (1 g per 1 kg of feed). In the control group, combined feed and a premix with metal sulfates were used for 30 days.

Results. An increase in the level of total protein in the body of calves of the experimental groups was established by 16.12 % in comparison with the control (p≤0.05). Also, in experimental animals, the activity of the enzymes alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase was higher than the physiological norm, which shows an insignificant effect of nicotinates of biogenic metals on internal organs and systems. In the experimental group of calves, the level of magnesium was probably higher by 52.38 % and potassium – by 14.94 % compared to the control group (p≤0.05). It was found that the animals of the experimental groups probably had more zinc by 34.96 %; copper – by 35.72 %; iron – by 92.29 %; manganese – by 41.13 %; selenium – by 3.22 % and cobalt – by 98.33 % compared to the control (p≤0.05).

Conclusions. The positive effect of the use of biogenic metal nicotinates on the metabolism of calves at weaning has been proven. It was found that the level of total protein in the body of calves of the experimental groups was probably higher by 16.12 %, magnesium - by 52.38 %; potassium - by 14.94 %. When determining the content of inorganic substances, it was found that the animals of the experimental groups probably had more zinc by 34.96 %; copper – by 35.72 %; iron – by 92.29 %; manganese – by 41.13 %; selenium – by 3.22 % and cobalt – by 98.33 % compared to the control (p≤0.05)
Specific Features of Linguistic Coding of Elements of a Godonym Space
Authors: Ilyin Dmitriy , Sidorova Elena
Published: January 2022

The article analyses linguistic constituency of the godonym space of three cities in the Volgograd region – Volgograd, Kamyshin and Petrov Val. The godonym space is a set of geographic names officially assigned to linear topo objects located within settlements. Having taken into account the definitions of the term "linguistic code" in linguistics, the authors offer their interpretation of the phenomenon under study. The research revealed the most important features of the linguistic code: consistency, structural unity, relevant-to-users information, as well as conventionality and symbolism, which convey positive assessments. The linguistic codes that understate intracity linear topo objects nominations are distinguished and specified as memorial, locative, topographic, anthropogenic, symbolic, naturalistic, relatively-abstract, orderly types. Both the general features of motivations in the code actualization for naming linear topographic objects, and the specific set of odonyms that nominates locations in the godonym space of every of the three cities have been established. It was noted that, being the largest, Volgograd godonym space demonstrates variety of linguistic codes, whereas Kamyshin and Petrov Val codes are specified by memorial, local, topographis, anthropogenic and symbolic types. The article offers for observation the historically defined set of geographical names of linear topographic objects in the three cities of the Volgograd region, which reflects multiple ethnic contacts of it, and renaming of road names due to the local authorities "interference" in the godonym space.
Tag Questions in English Spoken Discourse: Corpus-Based Linguistic and Pragmatic Analysis
Authors: Kochetova Larisa , Ilyinova Elena , Klepikova Tatiana
Published: January 2022

Based on an integrative methodology that combines quantitative and qualitative methods of linguistic research, the authors consider grammatical forms, syntactic types and pragmatic functions of the tag question in British spoken discourse. The research material included samples of dialogues with tag questions taken from British contemporary fiction and the Spoken BNC2014. Drawing on the theory of linguistic metarepresentation and using corpus analysis tools the authors presented the model under study in structural-syntactic and functional-pragmatic perspectives and obtained reliable data on discourse realization of tag question models, specified their standard and common usage polarity status, distinguished bi- and monopolarity variations. An analysis of the tag question types that are distinguished as the combinations of the predicative and auxiliary parts shows that the most frequent type of tag question is the one formed with an affirmative predicative part and a negative tag. The corpus-based approach allowed obtaining quantitative data on frequencies of tag questions in British spoken discourse, retrieving the repertoire of tag questions with their grammatical representation. It is shown that in the corpus under study the most frequent form of the tag question is the form isn't it?. The least frequent forms of tag questions are the ones formed with the have verb, as well as the modal verbs will, may, can, which supports the thesis that tag questions are losing ground in British spoken discourse. Discourse-pragmatic analysis of utterance contexts with tag questions highlighted its discourse value in the British tradition of conversation, as they perform the following communicative functions: informational; etiquette; interpersonal-relation-corrective (focus-positive or focus-negative).
“Estágio de pós-graduação” em Serviço Social no sociojurídico: aproximações preliminares
Authors: Tejadas Silvia , Silva Maria Liduína de Oliveira e , Teixeira Rodrigo José
Published: January 2022

Resumo: O artigo tem por objetivo analisar a forma de trabalho precarizado que se escamoteia por “estágio de pós-graduação” na área Sociojurídica. Situa-se o debate no bojo da contrarreforma administrativa, desencadeada após o golpe de 2016, e dos influxos da precarização hoje. Argumenta-se a partir da análise de alguns editais de contratação, denunciando suas armadilhas e riscos para a formação, o trabalho e a garantia de direitos. Conclui-se apontando algumas possibilidades de resistência.
Depoimento Especial e a subordinação de direitos ao sistema penal: uma tríplice violação
Authors: Panza Juliana Christofoli
Published: January 2022

Resumo: Por meio de uma pesquisa bibliográfica, este artigo introduz o debate sobre o Depoimento Especial e desvela três diferentes violações de direitos presentes em sua execução. A partir disso, firmam-se as bases necessárias para dissipar as cortinas de fumaça que envolvem o assunto, em prol da compreensão sobre a sua real serventia, revelando que, ao contrário da forma como é apresentada, a Lei n. 13.431/2017 não está centrada nos direitos das crianças e dos adolescentes.
A Conexão entre a Crise Política e Econômica na Argentina e o Fracasso das Políticas de Corte Neoliberal na América
Authors: PEREIRA JOSÉ MATIAS
Published: January 2022

RESUMO Neste artigo buscamos evidenciar que a crise que afeta a Argentina não é apenas econômica, visto que o seu agravamento transformou-a em uma crise política. A crise está submetendo as instituições argentinas a um processo de enfraquecimento acelerado e levando ao descrédito os seus dirigentes políticos. Isso está provocando efeitos negativos na eficácia e na legitimidade do sistema político. Ao final, concluímos que o desfecho drástico da crise argentina representa a confirmação do fracasso das políticas de corte neoliberal na América Latina, que não se mostraram capazes de gerar um modelo consistente de desenvolvimento sustentável nos países da região.
O Composto de Marketing no Contexto Estratégico da Internet
Authors: TOLEDO GERALDO LUCIANO , NAKAGAWA MARCELO HIROSHI , YAMASHITA SANDRA SAYURI
Published: January 2022

RESUMO Nos últimos anos, a Internet tem-se consolidado como um fenômeno que, definitivamente, não pode ser ignorado; ao contrário, é imperativo que seu potencial estratégico seja considerado pelas empresas, principalmente em relação a como ela deve ser abordada e integrada ao processo de marketing. No entanto, muitas empresas, por não estarem adequadamente preparadas, adotam soluções tecnologicamente avançadas, porém estrategicamente estéreis, acarretando perda de eficiência nos processos gerenciais e ineficácia na consecução dos objetivos. Este texto tem por objetivo analisar o conceito de Composto de Marketing sob a óptica de sua importância para o estabelecimento da estratégia de marketing, e avaliar as implicações aportadas pela Internet, um fenômeno comercialmente recente, ao processo gerencial de marketing. Isto envolve uma discussão sobre as decisões relativas às variáveis controláveis de marketing, tendo em vista o surgimento da Internet como ferramenta de negócios e meio de comunicação. Os autores concluem que, embora muitas abordagens interessantes estejam sendo desenvolvidas em relação à estratégia de marketing, há, ainda, muitas questões a serem respondidas, principalmente devido às constantes mudanças tecnológicas e transformações nos processos de negócios em curso.
PREVALÊNCIA DA CISTICERCOSE EM CARCAÇAS DE BOVINOS ABATIDOS EM MATADOUROS-FRIGORÍFICOS DO ESTADO DO RIO DE JANEIRO, SUBMETIDOS AO CONTROLE DO SERVIÇO DE INSPEÇÃO FEDERAL (SIF-RJ), NO PERÍODO DE 1997 A 2003
Authors: Pereira M.A.V. da C. , Schwanz V.S. , Barbosa C.G.
Published: January 2022

RESUMO A Cisticercose é uma doença parasitária, considerada zoonose, provocada pela presença das formas larvárias intermediárias das Taenia saginata Goeze, 1782 (= Cysticercus bovis) e Taenia solium Lineu, 1758 (= Cysticercus cellulosae), nos tecidos bovinos, suínos ou do homem. A Organização Mundial da Saúde estima que cerca de 50.000.000 de pessoas possuem Cisticercose, e que 50.000 morrem a cada ano. O homem é o único hospedeiro definitivo da forma adulta tanto da T. saginata quanto da T.solium, as adquirindo pela ingestão das carnes suína ou bovina, mal cozidas, água e alimentos contaminados. O bovino e o suíno são os hospedeiros intermediários que adquirem a Cisticercose ingerindo os ovos provenientes das fezes humanas infectadas, que contaminam pastos, verduras, legumes e principalmente a água. A ocorrência desta manifestação clínica está diretamente relacionada com a precariedade das condições sanitárias e o baixo nível sócio-econômico-cultural da população. Sob o ponto de vista da saúde pública, o serviço de inspeção sanitária de carnes, é uma condição fundamental para a proteção da população frente ao complexo teníase-cisticercose e uma importante fonte de monitoramento da incidência de cisticercose em animais. O impacto da ocorrência da cisticercose está relacionado a perdas econômicas associadas à produção de alimentos, sendo esta perda da ordem de U$ 420.000.000,00 anuais na América do Sul (OPAS, 1994). No Brasil, apesar do conhecimento de vários estados com elevada freqüência da doença, não houve até o momento um estudo detalhado da zoonose em toda federação. Em bovinos, a cisticercose é a zoonose parasitária mais freqüentemente diagnosticada em matadouros frigoríficos, sendo a principal causa de condenações, seqüestros e aproveitamentos condicionais de carcaças. Este trabalho tem como objetivo determinar a prevalência da cisticercose em carcaças de bovinos abatidos em matadouros-frigoríficos, sob inspeção federal, no estado do Rio de Janeiro, no período de 1999 a 2003.