bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Emerging Ideology of Commercial State in Thailand
Authors:   ISEAS – Yusof Ishak Institute, Montesano Michael J.
Published: February 2022

In the 2017 Constitution of Kingdom of Thailand there was a call to create a National Strategy of the country’s development. The 20-year National Strategy was adopted in October 2018 by the National Council for Peace and Order. A major part of this strategy deals with the problem of Thai provinces’ separatist movements and increasing Bangkok’s political and social control. To achieve these goals, a new ideology of “commercial nation” was created that contrasts with the more traditional “community democracy” approach. While the ideology of commercial state may be a useful vehicle for urbanising Thai provinces in the future, conquering separatist trends and articulating new priorities for the Thai population, it is still pure ideology and it cannot be applied practically in the form in which it was formulated. However, the “commercial state” ideology may be an instructive example of new techniques for social unifying people in developing countries.
Rice, Culture and Ideology
Authors:   Ateneo de Manila University, Aguilar Filomeno V.
Published: February 2022

Rice played different roles throughout Filipino history. A magical item in ancient times up to Middle Ages, rice transformed to a consumer product whose consumption reflects the stratification of the Filipino society. From a central cultural element in the Philippines islands rice was gradually downgraded to a side cultural detail due to its commodisation, urbanisation, industrialisation and the Green Revolution. However, in our times rice started to play a new role of cultural artefact referring to invented traditions having little in common with ancient culture of the islanders. Besides, it became a tangible sign of ideological movement against the Green Revolution.
From Social Mood to Collective Events: Measuring the Path by Sociometers
Authors:   X-Center, Casti John L.
Published: February 2022

How a population/group feels about its future, its so-called “social mood”, and how that mood biases collective events of all types is the focus of this article. Through a variety of “sociometers” running from fashion styles to financial markets behaviour, the paper argues that the social mood dramatically influences the types of events we can expect to see on all time scales. The financial market price movement serve as possibly the best sociometer for measuring the social mood on all time scales. Additionally, I present arguments showing that there is virtually no feedback from events to mood; that is, the social mood is endogeneous to the population and is not determined by any sort of “outside forces”. I hypothesize that it may be mainly determined by “internal ideology” of a group that may be unobvious to its members. Finally, the paper concludes with a research program for turning the hypotheses advanced here into a full-fledged scientific theory of collective human behaviour.
A Quest for Identity: The Case of Religious Populism in Pakistan
Authors:   ,   European Center for Populism Studies (ECPS), Yilmaz Ihsan , Saleem Raja M. Ali
Published: February 2022

Since its founding, both civil and military Pakistani governments have used religious populism to consolidate support and legitimize their actions. This has paved the way for religious populism to become a part of the nation’s cultural imagination and identity. During the country’s “infant” or “fragile” democratic phase, religious populism was repeatedly used to consolidate support. Religious parties and groups hold great political sway in the county. Through the use of religious populism, these factions have been allowed to nurture their own “people” who are partisan towards “others.” The weak level of governance, political turmoil, and distrust in institutional capabilities has pushed the public into the arms of religious populists.
Agronomic Strategies for Vegetative Propagation of Pterocarpus Mildbraedii
Authors: N A Okoli , A Z Obasi , E Offorji
Published: February 2022

Pterocarpus mildbraedii is faced with the problem of extinction caused mainly by deforestation and urbanization. This study was carried out to determine ways to enhance root development and domestication of Pterocarpus mildbraedii in southeastern Nigeria. The first experiment was done to determine the effect of nursery media and stem cutting length on sprouting and growth of Pterocarpus mildbraedii. Treatments consisted of three nursery media; (Standard nursery media, top soil and sawdust) and four stem cutting lengths; (5, 10, 15 and 20 cm). The experiment was a 3 x 4 factorial arrangement laid out in Complete Randomized Design. In the second experiment, treatments consisted of five (5) hours of priming (0, 12, 24, 36 and 48 hours) in coconut water arranged in Complete Randomized Design. Results from the first experiment showed that nursery media did not significantly (P ≤ 0.05) affect sprouting and growth of Pterocarpus mildbraedii seedlings. However, stem cutting length significantly affected sprouting and growth of the shoots. Stem cuttings of 15 and 20 cm length sprouted earliest and had vigorous growth than cuttings of 5 and 10 cm lengths. However, shoots wilted one month after sprouting. Results from second experiment showed that stem cutting primed in coconut water for 24 hours significantly produced highest no of roots (12.00), longest root (9 cm) and had highest fresh biomass (11.55 g) while control had no roots and least fresh biomass (3.02 g). The results showed the possibility of vegetative propagation of Pterocarpus mildbraedii and domestication in southeastern Nigeria.
GESTÃO PÚBLICA DE ENERGIA E REDUÇÃO DA POBREZA: UMA ANÁLISE DO USO SUSTENTÁVEL DE FONTES ALTERNATIVAS NO NORDESTE DO PARÁ
Authors: Borges Fabricio Quadros , Amaral Luana
Published: February 2022

O objetivo deste estudo é de analisar a contribuição de fontes alternativas, enquanto bases de geração de eletricidade, junto ao processo de redução da pobreza em duas localidades do Nordeste paraense entre 2018 e 2019. Nesta perspectiva, a investigação avaliou projetos de geração de eletricidade a partir das fontes solar e biomassa, de maneira a identificar possíveis impactos socioeconômicos nestas localidades, decorrentes do uso destas fontes. A metodologia baseou-se em 621 entrevistas na região pesquisada e se utilizou de indicadores de representação da qualidade de vida, elaborados por Calvert-Henderson. O estudo constatou que a implantação dos projetos contribuiu para a redução da pobreza nas comunidades pesquisadas e favoreceu, razoavelmente, ao processo de desenvolvimento sustentável nas comunidades analisadas. Constatou-se um aumento do acesso a renda, acompanhado de melhorias na qualidade de vida daquelas populações, apesar das interrupções registradas durante o fornecimento de eletricidade no período analisado.
A TOMADA DE DECISÃO PARA O DESENVOLVIMENTO DE NOVOS PRODUTOS: UM ESTUDO NA INDÚSTRIA DA MODA DE BELO HORIZONTE
Authors: Campos Rita de Cássia Leal , Araújo Uajará Pessoa , Assis Lilian Bambirra de
Published: February 2022

Este artigo teve como objetivo investigar como ocorre a tomada de decisão dos gestores na indústria de moda feminina de Belo Horizonte no processo de planejamento para o desenvolvimento de novos produtos. A pesquisa tem abordagem qualitativa e se classifica como descritiva. Para a coleta de dados, foram realizadas sete entrevistas semiestruturadas com gestoras de empresas da indústria da moda. Para a análise dos dados, utilizou-se a análise de conteúdo, contando com o auxílio do software QDA Miner. Os resultados indicaram que o processo decisório na indústria da moda se dá coletivamente e de modo mais informal, seguindo um modelo processual de tomada de decisão. O planejamento para o desenvolvimento de novas coleções geralmente é realizado pelo proprietário da marca com o apoio de sua equipe. Para tomar decisões, os gestores utilizam pesquisas de mercado e de tendências, mas também se baseiam em suas intuições, habilidades e experiências.
COMPETÊNCIAS E A EMPREGABILIDADE NO CENÁRIO DA FORMAÇÃO PROFISSIONAL DE NÍVEL MÉDIO TÉCNICO: ESTUDO DE CASO NO POLO DE CONFECÇÕES DO AGRESTE PERNAMBUCANO
Authors: Silva Mayara Andresa Pires da , Andrade Jackeline Amantino de , Helal Diogo Henrique
Published: February 2022

Este trabalho se propôs a analisar como se dá a formação por competências e sua relação com o conceito de empregabilidade e relevância social, na formação profissional de nível médio técnico no Brasil, especificamente, no contexto do Polo de Confecções do Agreste Pernambucano. Para isso, foi realizada uma pesquisa qualitativa descritivo-analítica. O método é um estudo de caso, a coleta de dados esteve baseada na realização de entrevistas individuais e pesquisa documental, e a análise de dados foi uma análise temática do conteúdo. Após a apresentação e análise dos dados, percebe-se que as instituições investigadas - SENAI, SENAC, IFPE e a SEE-PE - estruturam seus documentos, currículos e metodologia de ensino na noção das competências e direcionados à construção de um perfil profissional atinente às demandas do mercado de trabalho local, mas a absorção destes jovens ainda encontra dificuldades. Por fim, concluíram-se que embora os processos formativos sejam de caráter nacional, no contexto do Polo eles guardarão algumas especificidades impostas, sobretudo, pelas características socioeconômicas sobre as quais se organizam.
DARK SIDE OF ORGANIZATIONAL LIFE: A BIBLIOMETRIC STUDY ON ORGANIZATIONAL MISBEHAVIOR
Authors: Czarneski Flavia , Oliva Eduardo de Camargo , Bonato Samuel Vinicius
Published: February 2022

O entendimento da conduta (misaviors) cometida nas organizações tem atraído ao longo de décadas muitos debates e pesquisas. O estudo tem como objetivo caracterizar as publicações internacionais que abordaram o tema ‘atalhos antiéticos cometidos nas / pelas organizações’. Esta pesquisa configura-se como um estudo exploratório-descritivo, e para esclarecer que, foi realizada uma busca sistemática na Web of Science de palavras-chave relacionadas ao tema, a seguir foi seguida de análise bibliométrica. Para tanto, foi utilizado o software VOSviewer para análise dos dados e, o software Iramuteq para análise de conteúdo. Foram encontradas 327 publicações e verificado o potencial internacional dos estudos, confirmando que as pesquisas abordadas têm alto grau de impacto e citações envolvendo diversos países e universidades, com destaque para os EUA e a University of Michigan. A pesquisa apresenta alguns dos termos utilizados no tema; periódicos internacionais, universidades e as redes de citações mais influentes. Além disso, o acoplamento de segmentos de texto em 4 classes, chamadas: comportamento antiético, dilemas éticos, pesquisas sobre ética e crimes corporativos. A pesquisa apresenta uma lacuna em relação às pesquisas relacionadas aos fatores que levam os executivos a cometer esse comportamento inadequado.
O engessamento de determinados gêneros discursivos reduz, mas não é capaz de eliminar o sujeito
Authors: Soares Sarah Temponi Soares
Published: February 2022

A escrita de determinados gêneros discursivos enfrenta uma condição denominada “engessamento”. Essa problemática tem sido apontada, uma vez que as condições de escrita, exigências, normas e imposições que esta sofre produzem certa cristalização do gênero, exigindo por parte de quem escreve inserir sua produção nos moldes, formas e formas pré-estabelecidos. A consequência dessa condição de escrita “controlada” seria a perda identitária do sujeito. Este artigo busca, a partir da análise de corpus dos dois gêneros considerados “engessados”, defender as seguintes teses: a) O engessamento de determinados gêneros discursivos reduz, mas não é capaz de eliminar o sujeito. b) “Quanto melhor dominamos os gêneros, mais livremente os empregamos.” (Bakhtin, 2003, p. 285)
Desenvolvimento de um Novo Sistema para Gerenciar Requisições e Laudos Periciais em Mato Grosso
Authors: Silva Larissa do Carmo , Lopes Priscila de Souza , Ventura Thiago Meirelles , Gomes Raphael de Souza Rosa , Gonçalves Thaires Alves de Jesus
Published: February 2022

As perícias criminais em Mato Grosso são realizadas pela Perícia Oficial e Identificação Técnica de Mato Grosso (POLITEC-MT). Este órgão possuía quatro diferentes sistemas para gerenciar as requisições e laudos periciais, trazendo dificuldades de uso, expansão, integração de dados e desempenho. Este trabalho relata a análise desse cenário e o desenvolvimento de um novo sistema, que tem como objetivo facilitar os processos internos da POLITEC-MT por meio de um software com boa usabilidade e eficiência.
Business Intelligence com Qlik Sense Aplicado ao Gerenciamento de Projetos em Scrum: um Estudo de Caso
Authors: Valenciano Igor Castilho , Oliveira Joyce Aline , Cunha Vanice , Araújo Giulla
Published: February 2022

O objetivo deste artigo é identificar métricas para mensurar projetos que fazem uso da metodologia SCRUM e implementá-las no Qlik Sense, inferindo equações que as representam. Um sistema do TCE-MT foi utilizado como estudo de caso para a geração de dashboards de acompanhamento das métricas implementadas. Como resultado obteve-se uma prévia do desempenho da equipe em relação ao sistema escolhido, baseado na aplicação das métricas discutidas neste artigo e dados fornecidos pela instituição.
Artesanato com Lixo Eletrônico
Authors: Moraes Joseane S. de , Marinho Max R. , Obana Fernando Y. , Sperotto Lucas K.
Published: February 2022

O lixo eletrônico faz parte da evolução tecnológica que vivemos e pode trazer grandes problemas para o meio ambiente quando descartado de forma indevida. Este trabalho vem com o objetivo de trazer mais uma estratégia para a reciclagem e reutilização de equipamentos eletroeletrônicos descartados funcionais ou não funcionais.
Avanços no design da experiência do usuário de um tradutor entre línguas de sinais
Authors: Cruz-Cortez Josué I. , Sánchez J. Alfredo , Prietch Soraia Silva
Published: February 2022

Este artigo apresenta avanços no design da experiência do usuário para um tradutor entre línguas de sinais. Especificamente, pretendemos apoiar a comunicação entre usuários da LSM (Lengua de Señas Mexicana) e da Libras (Língua Brasileira de Sinais). São apresentados resultados preliminares de uma revisão sistemática da literatura de trabalhos correlatos e observações derivadas durante a aplicação dos estágios iniciais da metodologia Lean UX.
Classificação e visualização de dados de patentes
Authors: Martins Claudia A. , Francisco Rafaela S. , Farias Henrique C.
Published: February 2022

Este artigo descreve uma metodologia para auxiliar o processo de classificação de dados de patentes. Além da aplicação dos algoritmos de classificação e vetorização dos documentos, estão sendo investigadas técnicas de visualização para auxiliar em todas as etapas do processo de classificação.
Effect of Problem-solving Skill Training on Marital Satisfaction: A Randomized Controlled Field Trial
Authors: Baniaghil Asieh Sadat , Abedi Fateme , Faramarzi Mahbobeh , Vakili Mohammadali , Mirabi Parvaneh
Published: February 2022

Background: Parenthood can reduce marital satisfaction (MS). Problem-solving skill (PSS) training enables couples to solve family problems and improve MS. Objectives: We aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of PSS training on MS of primigravida breastfeeding mothers. Methods: The research design of this randomized controlled field trial study was pretest-posttest with a control group done on 68 primigravida breastfeeding mothers who attended healthcare centers affiliated to Babol University of Medical Sciences, Iran. They were allocated to two experimental (34 individual) and control (34 individual) groups using the blocked randomized allocation technique based on pretest scores of MS. The small group program (10 - 11 women) of PSS training was performed for six 80-minute sessions for the experimental group. The control group did not receive the intervention. All participants completed the ENRICH inventory three times, namely before, immediately after, and one month after the intervention by self-report. The level of significance was 0.05. Results: Total MS score in the experimental group increased from 164.24 ± 22.85 before intervention to 181.84 ± 20.5 immediately after, and 184.41 ± 20.36 one month after the intervention significantly. Moreover, except for the score of the idealistic distortion dimension, the mean scores of the other dimensions of the ENRICH increased significantly over time in the experimental group. Conclusions: PSS training can be used as an effective method to improving MS in primigravida breastfeeding mothers. Therefore, this intervention is recommended as an effective program for improving MS.
Establishment of a Rehabilitation Center for Patients with Prostate Cancer
Authors: Ghadian ALireza , Javanbakht Mohammad , Mohammadi Somayeh , Ebrahimi Mehrdad , Ramezani-binabaj Mahdi
Published: February 2022

Background: Prostate cancer is one of the leading causes of mortality in Iran and is the third most common cancer in male population. Objectives: The present study aimed to evaluate the necessity and efficacy of establishing a specific rehabilitation center for patients with prostate cancer. Methods: In this basic-applied research, we proposed the establishment of a rehabilitation center to support and decrease the complications of various treatments in patients with prostate cancer. After entering the rehabilitation process, a well-educated nurse and general physician trained in one of the similar European centers supported the patients to help themselves cope with unresolvable symptoms. To evaluate the patients’ satisfaction with the services offered by this rehabilitation center, the patients were asked to fill the Prostate Cancer-Related Quality of Life Questionnaire seven months after the first session. Results: In this study, 133 patients with prostate cancer (71 persons in the control group and 62 persons in the conservative treatment group) underwent the analysis. The participants’ mean age was 62.8 ± 2.31 years in the control group and 63.3 ± 4.54 years in the treatment group (P = 0.613). Moreover, the participants’ mean lifestyle scores were 5.3 ± 2.5 and 5.8 ± 2.8 in the control and treatment groups before the supportive care, respectively (P = 0.460). However, following the intervention, the scores were 5.3 ± 2.1 and 7.6 ± 1.9 in the control and treatment groups, respectively (P = 0.001). The mean lifestyle score was significantly higher after supportive care in the treatment group (P = 0.001). Conclusions: A prostate cancer-specified rehabilitation center providing supportive care by an educated healthcare professional can significantly improve the quality of life of patients with prostate cancer.
Systematic revision of the parasitoid wasp genus Glyptapanteles Ashmead (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Microgastrinae) for Australia results in a ten-fold increase in species
Authors: Fagan-Jeffries Erinn P. , McClelland Alana R. , Bird Andrew J. , Giannotta Madalene M. , Bradford Tessa M. , Austin Andrew D.
Published: February 2022

Despite several decades of active research, there are still substantial gaps in the knowledge of parasitoid wasps in Australia, with many families and genera yet to be revised using modern approaches and only a fraction of the estimated fauna currently described. The genus Glyptapanteles Ashmead, 1904 is a member of the subfamily Microgastrinae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) and all species in the subfamily are lepidopteran parasitoids. The genus previously contained only three species known from Australia: G. deliasa Austin & Dangerfield, 1992, G. drioplanetus Fagan-Jeffries & Austin, 2021 and G. mnesampela Austin, 2000. To undertake a revision of this morphologically-conserved group in Australia, we used a combination of molecular (cytochrome oxidase subunit one (COI) and wingless genes) and minimal morphological data to delimit and describe an additional 31 species: G. austini Fagan-Jeffries & Bird sp. nov. and the following 30 species all authored by Fagan-Jeffries, Bird & Austin: G. albigena sp. nov., G. andamookaensis sp. nov., G. arcanus sp. nov., G. aspersus sp. nov., G. austrinus sp. nov., G. baylessi sp. nov., G. bradfordae sp. nov., G. cooperi sp. nov., G. doreyi sp. nov., G. dowtoni sp. nov., G. eburneus sp. nov., G. erucadesolator sp. nov., G. ferrugineus sp. nov., G. foraminous sp. nov., G. goodwinnoakes sp. nov., G. guzikae sp. nov., G. harveyi sp. nov., G. kingae sp. nov., G. kittelae sp. nov., G. kurandaensis sp. nov., G. lambkinae sp. nov., G. lessardi sp. nov., G. mouldsi sp. nov., G. niveus sp. nov., G. rixi sp. nov., G. rodriguezae sp. nov., G. ruhri sp. nov., G. sanniopolus sp. nov., G. vergrandiacus sp. nov. and G. wrightae sp. nov. We provide a key to species groups and to the species able to be identified on morphological characters alone. Additionally, we provide a brief discussion of the difficulties in describing small, morphologically conserved wasps and the challenges associated with revising the taxonomy of hyperdiverse taxa in the context of the planned mission of Taxonomy Australia to accelerate the documentation of Australia’s biodiversity.
Strength development of plain concrete slabs by the sustainability potential of lead-loaded rice husk (LLRH)
Authors: Saeed Abbas , Shahadha Abdulkareem , Nsaif Abbas
Published: February 2022

The production of environmentally friendly, sustainable plain concrete slabs is an essential requirement in this work. It is interesting to note that the ions of lead of wastewater loaded into rice husks can be used as an additive for plain concrete slabs to improve the flexural strength, as well as the workability of plain concrete slabs (or walls), which are produced by using Lead-loaded rice husk material as an additive substance in protective shields for the establishment of hospital radiology rooms. The results show that flexural strength for plain concrete slabs begins with a relative increase until it reaches breakdown. The results at age of 28 days also show that by increasing the proportion of Lead-loaded rice husk added to plain concrete slabs, the flexural strength gradually increases until it reaches onethird of the value of reference plain concrete slabs at a specific ratio, then decreases sharply until the slabs fail. These results provide a novel approach to managing toxic waste and propose an easy, simple, effective, economical, and environmentally friendly way to get rid of more than one type of waste and reach the concept of zero residue level.
Signa. Revista de la Asociación Española de Semiótica
Authors: Yllera Alicia
Published: February 2022

Desde que, en noviembre de 1986, fui elegida Presidenta de la Asociación Española de Semiótica, en su 11 Congreso celebrado en la Universidad de Oviedo, había proyectado la creación de una revista de la Asociación. Además de la publicación de las actas de los Coloquios, celebrados cada dos años, la Asociación contaría así con un órgano de expresión anual. Las dificultades financieras impidieron, durante un tiempo, que el proyecto se concretase. Sólo en 1992, gracias a la ayuda de la Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (UNED, Madrid), pudo aparecer la revista. Desde esta fecha se han publicado siete volúmenes. El ritmo de publicación es de un volumen por año. El director se renueva cada cuatro años y forman parte de su comité de redacción tanto el Presidente como el Secretario de la Asociación. Mi sucesor en la dirección de la revista es José Romera Castillo y el secretario actual, Mario García-Page. La UNED es responsable de su publicación, distribución y suscripción (c/ Bravo Murillo, 38, 28015 MADRID). La revista consta, en general, de tres partes que comprenden, respectivamente, los artículos, el estado presente de los estudios sobre un tema dado y las reseñas de obras.
La Asociación Andaluza de Semiótica
Authors: Vázquez Medel Manuel Ángel
Published: February 2022

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El humor, la ironía y el cómico: códigos transgresores de lenguajes e ideologías
Authors: Hernández González María Belén
Published: February 2022

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After a Decade: What remains of a kindergarten developmental arts education project?
Authors: Nevanen Saila , Juvonen Antti , Ruismäki Heikki
Published: February 2022

This article focuses on the long-term impacts and effects of developmental work that began as an arts education project in Helsinki in 2000. Ten years later, five kindergarten leaders were interviewed to gather information about the impacts of the project. The aim was to determine the long-term effects of the project and examine in which ways the impact could still be seen in the daily work in kindergartens. We also explored the reasons and prerequisites for the impacts still showing, and tried to discover which obstacles prevent the ongoing impact of the developmental work.The interviews showed that the sustainability of the impacts was connected to the organizational changes and the longevity of the personnel in the kindergarten. The developmental work could be better taken advantage of when the kindergarten leaders felt the tasks developed in the project were important and offered them new ideas in their pedagogical leadership. A long-lasting developmental project was seen as part of the process of updating education, which confirmed the participants’ consciousness about being a teacher and the nature of the educational practices as well as a reflective manner of working. Participating also increased general developmental skills and interest in other developmental themes.
Solution-Focused Therapy and Subject-Scientific Research into the Personal Conduct of Everyday Living
Authors: Suorsa Teemu
Published: February 2022

Subject-scientific and solution-focused approaches share several critical concerns with regard to mainstream psychological concepts and therapeutic practices. Also, the alternatives presented have certain obvious similarities, such as 1) respecting subjective experience and everyday practices, 2) accentuating cooperation and 3) articulating possibilities. The articulation of the societal mediatedness of human experience and action has not, however, been an important theme in solution-focused therapy (even though the political dimension of carrying out therapy in a different way has been discussed). Whereas it is justifiable to leave the societal mediation unarticulated in conversations with some clients, it is clear from a subject-scientific perspective that it is necessary for a therapist to seek to comprehend the societal both in her own action and experiences as well as in those of the client. In this article I describe a way of getting a subject-scientific hold of the societal in the everyday living of clients through typical solution-focused practices. I begin by outlining a subject-scientific approach to personality and psychological research. Subject-scientific research is articulated in a way that accentuates the concept of fabric of grounds as a central figure in the architecture of research into subjective experience (see Suorsa, 2011a; Suorsa, Rantanen, Mäenpää & Soini, 2013). This articulation is then conjoined – as a guiding principle – with a description of solution-focused practice. Finally, I will indicate ways of utilizing the knowledge that is being created in solution-focused subject-scientific case study research.
How Contradictions in Professional Practices Become Contradictions in Research Practices
Authors: Munck Crisstina
Published: February 2022

Within child and childhood research, contextual approaches are foregrounded, thus emphasizing children as active agents who take part in the social world and who thereby challenge and reproduce everyday social practices. However, child researchers seem to differ when it comes to understanding and exploring the social engagement of children and adults as either separated or interwoven. When understanding the engagement of children and adults as two separate things, adults are positioned as potentially disturbing the children, who are in turn doing what they themselves choose to. Accordingly, adults are to distance themselves from adult perceptions of children. From the position of an adult researcher, this would suggest a position of ‘least adult’. As an alternative, this article proposes that adults and children are involved in a common social practice and that, in consequence, their arrangements are interwoven and interdependent. The researcher is also involved in this common social practice and thereby becomes entangled in conflicts within this practice. Finally, this article calls for further investigations into how conflicts in professional practice also become conflicts in research practice.
Ruqaiya Hasan, in Memoriam: A Manual and a Manifesto
Authors: Kellogg David
Published: February 2022

A spectre is haunting linguistics and education: the prematurely buried legacy of Basil Bernstein, Michael Halliday, Ruqaiya Hasan and Karl Marx. On the one hand, this spectre seems to demand that we treat both language and learning as natural wholes, instead of reducing them to natural sciences like phonetics or neuroscience and social sciences like discourse analysis and curriculum studies and then trying to hook them up again through interdisciplinary links. On the other, this spectre requires us to work in a world where knowledge is already profoundly fragmented, where choosing to learn one fragment rather than another does make a difference in the health and welfare of the teacher and especially of the learner. Let this paper serve as a manifesto defending the maligned work of Halliday and Hasan, and also as a manual to demonstrate how their analytical approach exposes the fragmentation of knowledge and shows how it can be overcome.
Association of Serum Lactate Dehydrogenase and Qualitative C-Reactive Protein with the Severity of COVID-19 Disease
Authors: Thakur Barnali , Bora Keshab , Chakraborty Manidip
Published: February 2022

Introduction: After December 2019, the word “COVID” became the nightmare to the civilisation. As per the nomenclature laid by World Health Organisation (WHO), the disease is called Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) and the causative virus is Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Corona Virus-2 (SARSCoV-2). By August 11th 2021, the virus caused around 43 lac deaths with an infection burden of approximately 20.3 crore worldwide. Many studies are published from most of the corners of the world regarding clinical features, laboratory parameters and radiological features of the disease to identify the infection at an early stage. Serum Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH) and C-Reactive Protein (CRP) are among the most commonly studied parameters in COVID-19, though in India, a smaller number of studies were done in this regard. As the disease itself is new to the medical fraternity, maximum studies were done with small sample size which requires more studies to confirm the findings. Aim: To find out the association of on-admission serum LDH and qualitative CRP with the severity of the disease. Materials and Methods: The present study was a retrospective observational study conducted for three months from May to July 2021. A 114 Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) positive COVID-19 patients were included as per the inclusion-exclusion criteria of which 57 were from Intensive Care Unit (ICU), considered as ‘severe’ patients and 57 from ward, taken as ‘non severe’ patients. Required blood parameters including LDH and CRP values were obtained from Laboratory Information System (LIS) and clinical data was obtained from hospital database. The values were analysed using statistical software. Results: Present study showed significant difference in values of LDH among ICU and ward patients (p=0.0001), also significant difference of CRP positive percentage between these two groups (p=0.0003) was observed. Conclusion: Present study concluded that on-admission LDH and CRP can be used as a marker of severity in COVID-19 disease.
Comparative Evaluation of Apical Debris Extrusion during Root Canal Preparation using Three Different Rotary File Systems: A Study Protocol
Authors: Rajnekar Rutuja , Mankar Nikhil
Published: February 2022

Background: Apical extrusion of debris leads to postoperative inflammation and endodontic failure.

Objectives: To comparatively evaluate debris extrusion by using Trunatomy rotary files, 2 shape, ProTaper next rotary files.

Methodology: Sixty Extracted single rooted human premolar teeth will be included in the study. After access opening, canal patency will be established by 15 K-file till the apical foramen followed by determination of working length by visual method. Now the samples will be divided into 3 groups: Group1: Trunatomy, Group 2: 2 shape file, Group 3: ProTaper Next files. Following this the manufacturer's instructions will be followed for the instrumentation. During instrumentation, extruded debris and irrigants will be collected into the preweighed test tubes. Following this, these tubes will be stored in an incubator at the temperature of 70°C for next 5 days. To evaluate the resultant weight of extruded debris, these test tubes will be weighed.

Expected Results: Trunatomy rotary file system is expected to produce less debris than 2 shape, ProTaper Next file system.

Conclusion: This study would be helpful for clinicians to choose better and efficient file system for instrumentation which produce comparatively less debris extrusion further reducing the chances of endodontic flareup.
Microorganisms and Carrier Molecules used in Biofertilizer Formulations
Authors: Kaur Rajinder , Chaturvedi Subhi , Rani Nitu , Kaur Sukhminderjit
Published: February 2022

Rhizobacteria with plant growth promoting potential are used widely for agricultural use. They have been used as supplements to chemical fertilizers. Cyanobacteria, nitrogen fixing bacteria, phosphate mineralizing bacteria, and potassium solubilizing microorganisms have been used as biofertilizers for different crops. The survival of these rhizobacteria in soil is affected by number of abiotic as well as biotic factors that limits the growth of rhizobacteria. To enhance the survival rate of rhizobacteria in soil and to enhance their viability and efficiency, the bacteria is mixed with carrier material or additive to increase their activity. Carrier molecule enhances the adhesion of bacteria to the plant roots. The processing of bacteria with carrier molecule ensures easy handling and processing or agricultural use. Addition of additive molecule to the bacterial culture provides excellent survival rate and slow cell release at different soil pH. Different additive molecules used as carrier molecules are discussed in this article.
Nanoplatform Self‐Assembly from Small Molecules of Porphyrin Derivatives for NIR‐II Fluorescence Imaging Guided Photothermal‐Immunotherapy
Authors: Cao Yanbing , Wei De , Yang Lixia , Luo Zijin , Yu Peiwen , Li Hao , Zhang Cao , Liu Xiaolong , Wu Fengshou , Wu Ming , Zeng Yongyi
Published: February 2022

Combinatorial photothermal and immunotherapy have demonstrated great potential to remove primary tumors, suppress metastases, and prevent tumor recurrence. However, this strategy still confronts patients with many limitations, such as complex components, sophisticated construction, and inadequate therapeutic efficacy. In this work, small molecules of porphyrin derivatives (PPor) which can self‐assemble into monodispersed nanoparticles without supplement of any other ingredients or surfactants are developed. The formed PPor nanoparticles (PPor NPs) exhibit highly photothermal conversion efficiency of 70% and NIR‐II luminous abilities originate from the strong intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) effect of D‐A structure under 808 nm laser irradiation, thus achieving NIR‐II fluorescence imaging guided photothermal therapy (PTT) against primary tumors with a high cure rate. More importantly, tumor‐associated antigens (TAAs), together with damage‐associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) released from PTT‐treated cancer cells, are proved to elicit immune responses to some degree. After combination with programmed cell death‐1 (PD‐1) antibodies, a robust systematic antitumor immunity is generated to restrain both primary and abscopal tumors growth, prolong survival, and prevent pulmonary metastasis on an aggressive 4T1 murine breast tumor model. Thus, this study provides a promising therapeutic paradigm with porphyrin derivatives nano‐assembly as phototheranostic agents for the treatment of aggressive tumors with high efficiency.
Tungsten Nanoparticles Accelerate Polysulfides Conversion: A Viable Route toward Stable Room‐Temperature Sodium–Sulfur Batteries
Authors: Liu Yuping , Ma Shuangying , Rosebrock Marina , Rusch Pascal , Barnscheidt Yvo , Wu Chuanqiang , Nan Pengfei , Bettels Frederik , Lin Zhihua , Li Taoran , Ge Binghui , Bigall Nadja C. , Pfnür Herbert , Ding Fei , Zhang Chaofeng , Zhang Lin
Published: February 2022

Room‐temperature sodium–sulfur (RT Na–S) batteries are arousing great interest in recent years. Their practical applications, however, are hindered by several intrinsic problems, such as the sluggish kinetic, shuttle effect, and the incomplete conversion of sodium polysulfides (NaPSs). Here a sulfur host material that is based on tungsten nanoparticles embedded in nitrogen‐doped graphene is reported. The incorporation of tungsten nanoparticles significantly accelerates the polysulfides conversion (especially the reduction of Na2S4 to Na2S, which contributes to 75% of the full capacity) and completely suppresses the shuttle effect, en route to a fully reversible reaction of NaPSs. With a host weight ratio of only 9.1% (about 3–6 times lower than that in recent reports), the cathode shows unprecedented electrochemical performances even at high sulfur mass loadings. The experimental findings, which are corroborated by the first‐principles calculations, highlight the so far unexplored role of tungsten nanoparticles in sulfur hosts, thus pointing to a viable route toward stable Na–S batteries at room temperatures.
The effects of aging services and the supplemental nutrition assistance program on food insecurity among older Georgians: 2018–2020
Authors: Lee Jung Sun , Bhargava Vibha , Smith Travis A. , Walker Temitope Aiyejorun
Published: February 2022

Using administrative data from Georgia covering January 2018–August 2020, we estimated the effect of services provided through the Older Americans Act (OAA) and the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) on food insecurity among older Georgians. Our sample included those who received services prior to and during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic. For the entire sample period, we found home‐delivered meals and other OAA services reduced food insecurity by 3% and 4%, respectively. During COVID‐19, the effect of SNAP on reducing food insecurity significantly increased from 2.1% to 4.7%, while the loss of “traditional” congregate meals services increased food insecurity by 7%.
Interactions between water and organic molecules or inorganic salts on surfaces
Authors: Zhang Chi , Xu Wei
Published: February 2022

Water, as a ubiquitous and relatively inert medium, plays a vital role in nature. The interactions between water and organic molecules or inorganic salts are of fundamental interest in understanding hydration processes in chemistry. The combination of scanning probe microscopy and theoretical calculations provides a versatile tool to directly visualize and further rationalize such interactions as well as influences of water on organic molecules and inorganic salts. In this review, we provide a brief overview of the recent exciting progress in revealing the interactions between water and organic molecules as well as inorganic salts (including ions) on surfaces. Herein, we describe first steps of hydration of organic molecules followed by a microsolvation process on surfaces. Subsequently, water‐induced tautomerization and chiral separation of small biomolecules on surfaces are discussed for understanding the roles of water in driving biological self‐assembly processes. Moreover, water is also able to assist structural transformation globally by selectively interrupting the relatively weak hydrogen bonds within nanostructures. Based on the water‐incorporated molecular nanostructures, dissolution of sodium halides on wet surfaces is achievable using confined water, while hydrates of halide ions desorb from the surface. More interestingly, ion hydrates are also demonstrated to be artificially accessible, which enables atomic‐scale investigation into local ion hydration and transport at interfaces. This review provides new insights into the role of water in the hydration‐related molecular and ionic systems, with implications for hydration and solvent effects down to the single‐molecule level.
Foot morphology influences the change in arch index between standing and walking conditions
Authors: Kramer Patricia Ann , Lautzenheiser Steven G.
Published: February 2022

Human foot morphology has been of interest to anatomists, clinicians, and paleontologists for a century due to its importance in bipedal walking. Foot shape changes as forces move through it from the body to the substrate. Although the arch of the foot has been extensively evaluated, the role of foot morphology in the change of the arch height in walking is less explored. To remedy this lacuna, the Arch Indices (AIs) of the left and right feet of 77 people were calculated in double and single stance standing and walking (dynamic) conditions. The feet were categorized into clinical foot types (cavus, normal, planus). The change in static AI between double and single stance was used to predict dynamic AI and the difference between predicted and observed dynamic AI was examined. As expected, AIs increased (i.e., arch height decreased) with increasing load on the foot for the entire sample and each foot type (p’s > .001), but the ability of change in static AIs to predict dynamic AI varied among foot types, implicating the possibility of variability in foot mechanics among foot types. While planus feet change stiffness during walking, presumably due to muscular action, cavus feet are more variable in their response to load. Static and dynamic AIs are effective in reflecting the changes in foot stiffness that occur in walking and future work should examine the role of extrinsic muscle activation in this stiffness change.
Granular activated carbon adsorption of perfluoroalkyl acids from ground and surface water
Authors: Kempisty David M. , Arevalo Elisa , Spinelli Allison M. , Edeback Viking , Dickenson Eric R. V. , Husted Courtney , Higgins Christopher P. , Summers R. Scott , Knappe Detlef R. U.
Published: February 2022

Adsorption of perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs) by granular activated carbon (GAC) was evaluated in bench‐, pilot‐, and full‐scale studies to determine effects of PFAA characteristics and background organic matter on carbon use rates. Rapid small‐scale column tests (RSSCTs) were conducted according to the proportional diffusivity (PD) design to assess their suitability to predict full‐ or pilot‐scale GAC performance. PFAA removal from groundwater (GW) and coagulated surface water (SW) was studied with two sub‐bituminous coal‐based GACs. In batch tests conducted with pulverized GAC, the GACs performed similarly in GW, but the GAC with the larger mesopore volume was more effective for PFAA removal from SW. In column tests, carbon use rates decreased with increasing PFAA chain length and were lower for GW (total organic carbon [TOC] = 0.7 mg/L) than for SW (TOC = 2.0–2.7 mg/L). The volume of SW that could be treated to 10% or 50% PFAA breakthrough was about 50–60% of the volume of GW that could be treated when comparing pilot‐scale data for SW with full‐scale data for GW. Consistent differences in PFAA adsorption capacity were not observed for empty bed contact times of 13 and 26 min in full‐scale adsorbers treating GW. The PD‐RSSCT simulating PFAA removal from GW consistently overpredicted full‐scale adsorption capacity, on average by ~70%. Using a carbon use rate of <25 mgGAC/Lwater treated) as a criterion for the feasibility of GAC treatment, full‐ and pilot‐scale GAC adsorber data suggest that GAC is a viable treatment option (carbon use rate < 25 mgGAC/Lwater treated) for perfluoroalkylcarboxylic acids with six or more carbon atoms in SW and five or more carbon atoms in GW. For perfluoroalkyl sulfonic acids, GAC treatment is viable for compounds containing four or more carbons based on results obtained with both SW and GW.
Teaching joint attention skills to pairs of children with autism
Authors: Shillingsburg M. Alice , Frampton Sarah E. , Walters Dianna S. , Gayman Cassondra M.
Published: February 2022

The purpose of the current study was to integrate recommendations from the joint attention literature into a set of procedures suited for a clinical setting serving children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder. In baseline, the two pairs of children did not engage in any form of joint attention with one another during the target play context (i.e., a treasure hunt). A treatment package consisting of script fading, graduated guidance, and echoic prompting was used to teach one child per pair to engage in an initiation of joint attention (IJA) and the other child to engage in a response to joint attention (RJA). Results suggest the intervention was effective as children in all pairs independently engaged in IJA and RJA. During a role reversal probe (i.e., without direct teaching), all participants demonstrated responses taught to their peer. Finally, some increases in responding were observed during generalization activities.
Limits of the adiabaticity assumption and conditions for improving laser focusing of atomic matter wave
Authors: Lee Chang Jae
Published: February 2022

The adiabaticity assumption (AA) and the resulting concept of optical potential in the context of atom focusing with lasers were examined numerically for various experimentally controllable laser parameters. The Schrödinger equations for the atomic center‐of‐mass dynamics in a laser field were calculated using with or without the AA, and the results were compared. The validity of the AA was tested over a wide range of the Rabi frequency to detuning ratios and the optical potential depths. From the analysis, several specific guidelines were provided on choosing laser parameters that sustain the validity of the AA and improve atom focusing outcomes.
Development of a simultaneous analysis method of azodicarbonamide, semicarbazide, and hydrazine in flour products using HPLC
Authors: Choi Kyeong‐Yun , Lim Hyun‐Hee , Shin Ho‐Sang
Published: February 2022

Azodicarbonamide (ADC) has been used as a flour bleaching agent or dough conditioner. A high‐performance liquid chromatography method was developed for simple and simultaneous analysis of ADC, semicarbazide (SEM), and hydrazine (HZ) using 4‐ethylbenzaldehyde (4‐EBA). Samples were extracted with methanol at neutral pH, and the extracts were concentrated at pH 1.0 and derivatized with 4‐EBA at pH 3. It was identified that ADC was decomposed to SEM, which was continually decomposed to HZ in an aqueous solution. This method was applied to the analysis of wheat flour products, and the results showed that SEM was detected up to a concentration of 0.42 mg/kg, but HZ was not detected in wheat flour products. The developed method enabled simple, less time‐consuming, and simultaneous analysis, and can be utilized to effectively evaluate ADC, SEM, and HZ concentrations in wheat flour products.