bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Respiratory Distress in Postanesthesia Care Unit: First Presentation of Coronavirus Disease 2019 in a 17-Year-Old Girl: A Case Report
Authors: Rahmanzade Ramin , Rahmanzadeh Reza , Hashemian Seyed MohammadReza
Published: May 2020

A 17-year-old healthy girl underwent an uneventful esthetic septorhinoplasty. She was easily extubated and transferred to the postanesthesia care unit (PACU) with oxygen saturation (Spo
2) of 96%. About 30 minutes after arrival in the PACU, she developed dyspnea with Spo
2 of 84% and promptly received oxygen with bilevel positive airway pressure in conjunction with low-dose corticosteroid. The subsequent chest computed tomography (CT) revealed bilateral patchy infiltrates similar to the radiologic findings of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). Finally, a reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) of a pharyngeal specimen confirmed the diagnosis of COVID-19.
On the Trail of the Sibyl’s Mountain
Authors: Griffin Miranda
Published: May 2020

This essay focuses on the recurrent metaphor of a painstaking journey in Bruno Latour’s An Inquiry into Modes of Existence and the ways in which it can be deployed as a reading of the world. I use this metaphor to scrutinize the transmission, in manuscript Chantilly, Musée Condé 653, of Antoine de la Sale’s Le Paradis de la Reine Sibylle, a fifteenth-century account of travel to, and myths associated with, the Monte della Sibilla in the Apennine Mountains of Italy. From a Latourian perspective, Chantilly 653 attests to the agency of a mountainous landscape and the myths that inhabit it, as well as to the ways in which myths solicit representation in material form. In this instance, material form is a medieval manuscript, one that can be read, through a Latourian lens, as a set of category crossings that bring together points in space and time. Those points are not organized as historical periods but rather as modes of understanding the world.
Fugitive Figures
Authors: Franklin-Brown Mary
Published: May 2020

Through a study of early French romances, especially the Conte de Floire et Blancheflor and Alexandre de Paris’s Roman d’Alexandre, this essay offers a new approach to the automaton in medieval literature. Bruno Latour’s plural ontology, which elaborates on the earlier work of Gilbert Simondon and Étienne Souriau, provides a way to break down the division between the human mind and the world (and hence the mind and the machine), offering a rich understanding of the way in which the beings of technology [TEC], fiction [FIC], and religion [REL] act in concert upon us to inspire our desire for technological fictions.
Visualizing Elemental Ontology in theLivre des propriétés des choses
Authors: Sunderland Luke
Published: May 2020

This essay offers an encounter with Bruno Latour’s account of ontological pluralism by way of a close reading of the Livre des propriétés des choses, Jean Corbechon’s fourteenth-century French translation of Bartholomaeus Anglicus’s encyclopedia. Engagement with Latour’s Inquiry into Modes of Existence enables a new reading of medieval encyclopedias that takes seriously Latour’s suggestion that premodern cosmologies retain importance for modern ecological thought while simultaneously challenging his arguments about the rigidity of ontologies based on ideas of nature, substance, and matter. This essay argues that the Livre deploys precisely such an ontology in dynamic and flexible ways. The varying visual programs in Livre manuscripts each configure the encyclopedia’s ontology differently, either making humans privileged observers of nature or positioning them as subject to its laws while adopting varying solutions for communicating ontological contentions to readers.
Efficiency and Effectiveness of Prevention of Violations of Mandatory Requirements in the Field of Education
Authors: Feklin S.
Published: May 2020

In accordance with the Federal Law of December 26, 2008 No. 294-ФЗ “On the Protection of the Rights of Legal Entities and Individual Entrepreneurs in the Implementation of State Control (Supervision) and Municipal Control”, state control (supervision) bodies and municipal control bodies are required to: organize and carry out measures to prevent violations of mandatory requirements, including without interaction with legal entities, individual entrepreneurs; take measures prescribed by law to suppress and (or) eliminate the consequences of identified violations; systematically monitor the fulfillment of mandatory requirements, analyze and predict the status of compliance with mandatory requirements when carrying out activities by legal entities, individual entrepreneurs; annually in the manner established by the Government of the Russian Federation, report on the effectiveness of their activities. At the same time, the legislator did not formulate the definitions of the terms “effective control (supervision)” and “prevention of violations” in the field of education, and the reports on effectiveness and prevention are reduced mainly to quantitative indicators of measures taken, warnings issued, prepared materials, etc. The author of the article, having studied the normative legal acts, having analyzed the practice of carrying out preventive measures in the field of education in the city of Moscow and other subjects of the Russian Federation, presents a scientific look at the institute of the effectiveness and efficiency of prevention in the field of education, gives the results of studies on this issue (using the example of the metropolitan education system).
Things We Do For No Reason™: Treatment of Infection‐Related Fever in Hospitalized Patients
Authors: Vijapura Priyanka , Cowart Jennifer B , Kashiwagi Deanne T , Killebrew Sequoya R , Burton M Caroline
Published: May 2020

Inspired by the ABIM Foundation's Choosing Wisely® campaign, the “Things We Do for No Reason™” (TWDFNR) series reviews practices that have become common parts of hospital care but may provide little value to our patients. Practices reviewed in the TWDFNR series do not represent “black and white” conclusions or clinical practice standards but are meant as a starting place for research and active discussions among hospitalists and patients. We invite you to be part of that discussion.
Improving Hand Hygiene Adherence in Healthcare Workers Before Patient Contact: A Multimodal Intervention in Four Tertiary Care Hospitals in Japan
Authors: Saitoh Akihiko , Sato Kiyomi , Magara Yoko , Osaki Kakuei , Narita Kiyoko , Shioiri Kumiko , Fowler Karen E , Ratz David , Saint Sanjay
Published: May 2020

BACKGROUND

Hand hygiene is key to preventing healthcare‐associated infection and the spread of respiratory viruses like the novel coronavirus that causes COVID‐19. Unfortunately, hand hygiene adherence of healthcare workers (HCWs) in Japan is suboptimal according to previous studies.

OBJECTIVES

Our objectives were to evaluate hand hygiene adherence among physicians and nurses before touching hospitalized patients and to evaluate changes in hand hygiene adherence after a multimodal intervention was implemented.

DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS

We conducted a pre‐ and postintervention study with HCWs at four tertiary hospitals in Niigata, Japan. Hand hygiene observations were conducted from June to August 2018 (preintervention) and February to March 2019 (postintervention).

INTERVENTION

The multimodal hand hygiene intervention recommended by the World Health Organization was tailored to each hospital and implemented from September 2018 to February 2019.

MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES

We observed hand hygiene adherence before touching patients in each hospital and compared rates before and after intervention. Intervention components were also evaluated.

RESULTS

There were 2,018 patient observations preintervention and 1,630 postintervention. Overall, hand hygiene adherence improved from 453 of 2,018 preintervention observations (22.4%) to 548 of 1,630 postintervention observations (33.6%; P < .001). Rates improved more among nurses (13.9 percentage points) than among doctors (5.7 percentage points). Improvement varied among the hospitals: Hospital B (18.4 percentage points) was highest, followed by Hospitals D (11.4 percentage points), C (11.3 percentage points), and Hospital A (6.5 percentage points).

CONCLUSIONS

A multimodal intervention improved hand hygiene adherence rates in physicians and nurses in Niigata, Japan; however, further improvement is necessary. Given the current suboptimal hand hygiene adherence rates in Japanese hospitals, the spread of COVID‐19 within the hospital setting is a concern.
Aging Population, Retirement, and Risk Taking: Reply
Authors: Levy Haim
Published: May 2020

In theorem 1 given in my paper, “Aging Population, Retirement, and Risk Taking” [Levy H (2016a) Aging population, retirement, and risk taking. Management Sci. 62(5):1415–1430.], there is indeed a technical error. Yet, adding one condition to the theorem (which can be added in two alternate ways) is sufficient to ensure the dominance of stocks over bonds in the very long run. For the commonly employed preferences, the empirical evidence conforms with the claim given in my original theorem 1, asserting that the portfolio with the higher geometric mean (stocks) dominates the other portfolio under consideration (bonds) as the investment horizon increases indefinitely. Thus, as advocated in my paper, stocks dominate bonds for investors with typical preferences who save for retirement.

This paper was accepted by Karl Deither, finance.
A tale of two centuries: The körtti movement and dress in battles over Finnish politics and identities
Authors: Almila Anna-Mari
Published: May 2020

This article interrogates the transforming sartorial styles of the Christian Protestant revivalist körtti movement in Finland in and around two very specific historical moments: Finland’s independence from Russia in 1917, and the amendment of the Marriage Act in 2014 that saw the legalization of same-sex marriage in 2017. The analysis covers crucial periods before and after the independence: late nineteenth and early twentieth century, when Russia sought to tighten its control over autonomous Finland and the Finnish intelligentsia organized to resist such attempts; through the civil war of 1918, to the turbulent right-/left-divided years of the 1920s and 1930s. Then, the liberalization of the körtti movement from the 1960s and 1970s onwards, and the effect of this upon the debates and battles over the equal marriage law before and after the law came into effect is discussed. I show how, through changing histories, changing garments have the capacity to play key roles. By focusing on a particular movement through different times, the article will consider how groups that go by the same name may be fundamentally different from their historical predecessors; how they may yet recognize a similar kind of garment even if they attach different associations to it, and how new garments are sometimes required in order to communicate the new positions of those movements and individuals. In the context of analyses of garments and cultural positions, this underlines the necessity to think of certain ‘times’ as part of a continuum in which changes and continuities in dress play out and influence sociopolitical relations.
Freedom of speech: A recent history of political t-shirts in the United States
Authors: Akou Heather Marie
Published: May 2020

Since their invention in the 1930s, t-shirts have become one of the most common styles of casual clothing in the United States – worn by all ages, genders and social classes. Although ‘graphic’ t-shirts have existed for decades, twenty-first-century technologies have made them much faster and easier to produce. Students protesting the Vietnam War in the 1960s and 1970s wore black armbands and grew their hair long; today, students (and activists of all ages) are more likely to wear political t-shirts. In a time when anyone with modest computer skills can design a graphic and get t-shirts professionally printed and shipped in just two or three days, this medium for self- and group-expression is well-suited to the turbulence of politics. This article explores the recent history of political t-shirts in the United States in two parts. The first focuses on legislation and legal rulings, including a case heard by the US Supreme Court in 2018 regarding whether activists can wear political t-shirts in polling places (a space where any kind of campaign activity is generally forbidden). The second part explores the definition of a ‘political’ t-shirt. This section is grounded in a study of t-shirts that are currently turning up in thrift shops in Bloomington, IN – a small, politically active community in a conservative state that voted for Obama in 2008 and then Trump in 2016.
Manifesto of dress: Political intersections in fashion lecture-performances
Authors: Taylor Madeline , Bulley Kiara , Hickey Anna
Published: May 2020

This article argues for the consideration of the lecture-performance as a genre that offers rich possibilities for critical fashion discourse, one that is uniquely suited to the material, embodied nature of clothing.The article recounts a lecture-performance by Australian-based design group The Stitchery Collective, which explored moments in history that demonstrate fashion’s capacity to resist, rebel and turn the political into the fabulous. From Amelia Bloomer’s bloomers to the sans-culottes of revolutionary France, fashion has acted as a tool and medium for great social protest and momentum for change. In contemporary fashion, local designers in Australia embed counter-fashion ideology into their business practices to offer a counteraction to the more negative effects of capital-F Fashion. The lecture-performance aimed to reframe personal consumption choices in the now, via the political fashion of the past, as politically motivated and most of all, capable of contributing to real change. The Stitchery proposed that in fashion, the personal is political and the political is personal, both throughout history and in the present day. The creative work combined public lecture, historical dress up, contemporary fashion showcase and call to action in an engaging lecture-performance format.
Ecuador and the ebb and flow of migration: A retrospective reading1
Authors: Handelsman Michael
Published: May 2020

The theme of migration is not new for Ecuadorians. In the visual arts and literature, artists have traditionally found the theme of migration to be useful when interpreting the personal and existential experiences of individuals living outside of Ecuador. Initially, the topic was not understood as a collective phenomenon capable of putting at risk an elusive national identity. Over time, however, the personal drama became a collective tragedy, which defines and conditions in no small measure the cultural, psychological and geographic boundaries of a pluri-national Ecuador struggling to re-signify the new cartographies that place and displace a nation in constant migratory movement, both internally and externally. This complex social, migratory and cartographic process of becoming is found in works of literature and the visual arts, which often oscillate between testimonial representations and representational testimonies. My analysis focuses on five works and highlights some of the identity transformations that Ecuador, a country located at the centre of the world, continues experiencing while seemingly adrift, yet fully engaged in re-inventing its multiple moving borders.
From the frontier to the border
Authors: Coughlin Richard W.
Published: May 2020

Review of: Empire of Borders: The Expansion of the U.S. Border Around the World, Todd Miller (2019)

London: Verso

ISBN 978-1-78478-511-6, h/bk, $22.49

 

The End of the Myth: From the Frontier to the Border Wall in the Mind of America, Greg Grandin (2019)

New York: Metropolitan Books

ISBN 978-1-25017-982-1, h/bk, $30.00
Cuerpo y afectividad en los Estudios acerca de la estructura de la conciencia de Husserl
Authors: Quijano Antonio Zirión
Published: May 2020

O trabalho consiste no relatório, acabado de elaborar, de uma leitura da seção dedicada à vida afetiva e avaliativa dos Estudos sobre a estrutura da consciência (Studien zur Struktur des Bewusstseins), de Husserl (próxima publicação dentro da coleção Husserliana), orientada pelo tema do corpo e da corporalidade. Trata-‑se de encontrar, nesses escritos que constituem a primeira abordagem fenomenológica de Husserl à consciência emocional após alusões e abordagens subdesenvolvidas às investigações lógicas, as primeiras descobertas do lugar do corpo nos diferentes níveis da Vida afetiva.
Phenomenology of vertigo and dizziness
Authors: Guardiola Joan González
Published: May 2020

O que surge de uma descrição fenomenológica das experiências de tontura e vertigem para uma teoria fenomenológica geral da constituição do mundo? O que surge dessa contribuição para o projeto geral de uma fenomenologia da dor? Neste artigo, tentamos responder a ambas as perguntas, mostrando as suas ligações íntimas. Para isto, será necessário fazer uma descrição fenomenológica de ambos os fenómenos que permita mostrar as possíveis limitações de respetiva determinação clínica, recentemente estabelecidas por autores como Bisdorff, Von Brevern, Lempert e Newman-‑Toker. Através de sucessivas descrições fenomenológicas da experiência de vertigem e tontura, tentaremos mostrar a importância do eixo da verticalidade na teoria fenomenológica da constituição do mundo, bem como a sua relação com o eixo da horizontalidade.
From pure reason to human spirit. Fichte’s philosophical exploration of a new semantic field
Authors: Garcia Luis Fellipe
Published: May 2020

Este artigo argumenta que Fichte, nas primeiras formulações de seu projeto filosófico, apreende a tarefa da filosofia não tanto como uma Crítica da Razão, mas antes como um Autoconhecimento do Espírito, trazendo assim a noção de Espírito para o centro da discussão filosófica. Exploramos o que Fichte entende por Espírito e argumentamos que essa noção, ainda que ela não seja usada de modo consistente ao longo de sua obra, cobre um espaço conceitual fundamental do projeto filosófico fichtiano. O argumento será estruturado como uma exploração de cada uma das dimensões desse espaço, a saber: (i) o Espírito como auto-‑relação; (ii) o Espírito como imaginação produtiva; e (iii) o Espírito como o resultado do processo de aprendizado fundado nos impulsos humanos.
Pompeu Fabra: sistematicitat i pervivència
Authors: Cabré Castellví Maria Teresa
Published: May 2020

Aquest estudi prova de donar una visió personal estructurada sobre Pompeu Fabra, un personatge universal que va fer que la llengua catalana fora una llengua de cultura apta per a tots els usos, una llengua moderna i codificada que permetia vertebrar la identitat nacional. S’hi parteix d’una idea doble: d’una banda, de la suposició que si Fabra va poder fer l’obra que va fer en un període de temps relativament breu, és perquè posseïa unes qualitats naturals singulars que li ho van permetre; i, d’una altra, defensem que l’obra que Fabra va construir durant el primer terç del segle passat es va fonamentar en uns principis que encara avui són plenament actuals i, a més a més, s’han utilitzat com a base per a la recent actualització de la normativa.
Fabra i l’autoritat lingüística al País Valencià: la Secció Filològica de l’Institut d’Estudis Valencians (1937-1939)
Authors: Ferrando Antoni
Published: May 2020

Davant la dificultat d’acceptar al País Valencià l’autoritat lingüística de l’IEC i la codificació de la llengua catalana, Fabra reconegué en almenys tres declaracions (1918, 1930 i 1937), que corresponia als escriptors valencians la tasca de depurar i de redreçar la llengua i admeté que la constitució d’un centre d’estudis filològics al País Valencià hi podria ajudar. No es pronuncià sobre les Normes de Castelló, però s’interessà per la seua aplicació i, com a president de l’IEC, mantingué una bona relació amb l’Institut d’Estudis Valencians (1937-1939), creat per Francesc Bosch i Morata a imitació de l’IEC. La creació de l’Institut d’Estudis Valencians (= IEV) fou una aspiració constant del valencianisme polític i cultural a partir dels anys 10 del segle XX, motivada en bona part per l’absència d’una representació valenciana a la Secció Filològica de l’IEC fins al 1961. L’IEV es dotà també d’una Secció Filològica, el secretari, i factòtum de la qual, fou Carles Salvador, alhora secretari de l’IEV. Salvador elaborà un pla lexicogràfic, del qual només es va poder acomplir en la pràctica l’inèdit Vocabulari Castellà-Valencià a ell encarregat. L’IEV és un precedent de l’AVL, però amb diferències notables.
Teoria fraseològica en la Gramàtica catalana (1956) de Pompeu Fabra
Authors: Ginebra Jordi
Published: May 2020

En aquest treball, per mitjà de l’anàlisi de Gramàtica catalana (1956), es fa una contribució a l’estudi de l’obra de Pompeu Fabra, a l’estudi de la història de la lingüística catalana i a l’estudi de la història de la fraseologia. La descripció de les unitats fraseològiques que ofereix la Gramàtica s’emmarca, d’una banda, en l’àmbit de la composició i, de l’altra, es presenta conceptualment i terminològicament seguint la tradició gramatical. Cal destacar que l’obra conté un material fraseològic ric, amb mostres de gairebé totes les estructures formals que poden presentar les locucions en català, i que Fabra, amb les explicacions relatives al que anomena «conjunts sintetitzats», mostra haver copsat el pinyol conceptual de les unitats pluriverbals lexicalitzades.
Del català que ara es parla a la implantació del català normatiu al País Valencià
Authors: Montoya Abat Brauli
Published: May 2020

En el segle XIX es planteja la realització d’una normativa de la llengua catalana després de tres segles de desmemòria progressiva de la norma lingüística. Però el procés de normativització es concreta en dues línies divergents, l’acadèmica o literària i la del català que ara es parla. Paradoxalment, aquesta última és la que acabarà imposant-se gràcies a les propostes d’un gramàtic únic, Pompeu Fabra, que, des de la redacció d’una revista barcelonina que propugnava inicialment que cada regió catalanoparlant seguira el seu camí, L’Avenç, aconsegueix confegir una norma adaptable a totes les regions. En aquesta línia, s’entenen les seues reiterades visites als pròcers valencianistes a fi que acceptaren una normativa unitària, objectiu que podem considerar reeixit amb la signatura de les conegudes Normes de Castelló (1932).
Les tres fases de l’assumpció nord-occidental de l’estàndard (i viceversa)
Authors: Turull Rubinat Albert
Published: May 2020

En aquest article duem a terme un estat de la qüestió de les relacions entre el català estàndard i la varietat nord-occidental de la llengua, tot fent un repàs crític de les múltiples aportacions que hom hi ha fet d’ençà de 1985 (data d’un conegut manifest de professors de filologia catalana de Lleida). En aquest recorregut de més de 30 anys detectem l’existència de tres fases successives (reivindicació, estudi, normalització), cadascuna de les quals ocupa aproximadament una dècada, i concloem que, un cop superades formulacions com les d’un subestàndard propi o les de diversos paraestàndards, la clau es troba en la doble assumpció, recíproca, del català nord-occidental i d’un català estàndard —únic, compartit, composicional i pluricèntric— en què l’opció del polimorfisme té un paper important.
The different hormonal system during exercise stress coping in horses
Authors: Ferlazzo Adriana , Cravana Cristina , Fazio Esterina , Medica Pietro
Published: May 2020

The review discusses the hormonal changes during exercise stress. The exercise generally produces a rise of adrenaline (A), noradrenaline (NA), adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), cortisol, glucagon, growth hormone, arginine vasopressine, etc., and a drop of insulin. The hormonal events during reestablishment of homeostasis due to exercise stress can be divided into a catabolic phase, with decreased tolerance of effort, and reversible biochemical, hormonal and immunological changes, and an anabolic phase, with a higher adaptive capacity, and enhanced performance. The two main hormonal axes activated in the catabolic phase are sympathetic–adrenal–medullary system and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, while in the anabolic phase, growth hormone-insulin-like factor I axis, and gonadal axes. The hormonal responses during exercise and recovery can be regarded as regulatory and integrated endocrine responses. The increase of catecholamines and ACTH is dependent on the intensity of exercise; a marked increase in plasma A occurs during exercises with high emotional content. The response of cortisol is correlated with the duration of exercise, while the effect of exercise duration on β-endorphin changes is highly dependent on the type of exercise performed. Cortisol and β-endorphin changes usually occur in phase, but not during exercises with high emotional content. Glucocorticoids and iodothyronines are involved in meeting immediate energy demands, and a model of functional interactions between HPA axis and hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis during exercise stress is proposed. A modulation of coping responses to different energy demanding physical activities required for sport activities could be hypothesized. This review supports the proposed regulation of hypophysiotropic TRHergic neurons as metabolic integrators during exercise stress. Many hormonal systems (ghrelin, leptin, glucose, insulin, and cortisol) are activated to control substrate mobilizations and utilization. The cardiovascular homeostasis, the fluid and electrolyte balance during exercise are highly dependent on vasoactive hormones (antidiuretic hormone, atrial natriuretic peptide, renin–angiotensin–aldosterone, and prostaglandins) control.
Wind Profile Estimation during Flight Path Reconstruction
Authors: Khadeeja T.K. Nusrath , Singh Jatinder
Published: May 2020

Accuracy of flow angles measurements becomes crucial as the aircraft approaches higher angle of attack. Flight path reconstruction (FPR) is an excellent tool for air data calibration. An important element of air data calibration is the estimation of wind velocities. The objective of this paper is to evaluate different approaches of wind estimation within the framework of FPR. Flight test data of a high performance aircraft is subjected to FPR and the estimated wind velocities and flow angle trajectories are presented and discussed to demonstrate the impact of wind estimation on aircraft flow angles. Results clearly show that accuracy of reconstructed flow angles improves when time varying wind models are used. The proposed analytical wind model is found to be as effective as augmented parameters in Extended Kalman filter and computationally less intensive.
An Approach to Emulate and Validate the Effects of Single Event Upsets using the PREDICT FUTRE Hardware Integrated Framework
Authors: P. Balasubramanian , Moorthi S.
Published: May 2020

Due to the advances in electronics design automation industry, worldwide, the integrated approach to model and emulate the single event effects due to cosmic radiation, in particular single event upsets or single event transients is gaining momentum. As of now, no integrated methodology to inject the fault in parallel to functional test vectors or to estimate the effects of radiation for a selected function in system on chip at design phase exists. In this paper, a framework, PRogrammable single Event effects Demonstrator for dIgital Chip Technologies (PREDICT) failure assessment for radiation effects is developed using a hardware platform and aided by genetic algorithms addressing all the above challenges. A case study is carried out to evaluate the frameworks capability to emulate the effects of radiation using the co-processor as design under test (DUT) function. Using the ML605 and Virtex-6 evaluation board for single and three particle simulations with the layered atmospheric conditions, the proposed framework consumes approximately 100 min and 300 min, respectively; it consumes 600 min for 3 particle random atmospheric conditions, using the 64 GB RAM, 64-bit operating system with 3.1 GHz processor based workstation. The framework output transforms the 4 MeVcm2/mg linear energy transfer to a single event transient pulse width of 2 μs with 105 amplification factor for visualisation, which matches well with the existing experimental results data. Using the framework, the effects of radiation for the co-processing module are estimated during the design phase and the success rate of the DUT is found to be 48 per cent.
Performance Apparel: Challenges & Innovations
Authors: Carp Belinda
Published: May 2020

Companies operating in the performance apparel sector tend to react quickly and innovatively to the challenges which they face. Innovation is the industry's response to a range of current challenges.
 Some of the current challenges include creating a more sustainable supply
chain; reducing water pollution; applying the principles of a circular economy; traceability in the apparel supply chain; and streamlining logistics across geographical regions.
“Europa in de Tropen”, The Colonial Tourism and Urban Culture in Bandung
Authors: Nurwulandari Rahmia , Kurniawan Kemas Ridwan
Published: May 2020

Bandung experienced a rapid urban development after 1918, when the city was prepared to be the new Dutch East Indies’ capital city, replacing Batavia. In the era of economic liberalization, Bandung also became one of the tourist destinations that has promoted by the businessmen. This paper is a study on how mass tourism as the new urban culture in the beginning of 20th century had a contribution to urban planning in Bandung. The timeline was after the establishment of train as a modern transportation in Bandung (1884) until the end of the Dutch Colonialism in Dutch East Indies (1942). Through the Georg Simmel's theory of sociology and the city, I tried to analyze the the tourism activity and its relations to the 20th century urban architecture in Bandung, West Java. I use the method that was introduced by Iain Borden and friends in The Unknown City to understand tourism and urban history of Bandung through the spatial practice, city representation and experiences.
Accessibility of Elderly Citizens to Basic Facilities In Akure Metropolis in Nigeria
Authors: Adetunji Musilimu Adeyinka
Published: May 2020

This study examined the accessibility of elderly citizens to some basic services in Akure metropolis. This was carried out with a view to determine the patterns of distribution and accessibility of these services in the city. Primary and secondary data were employed for this study. Geographical Positioning System was used to capture the coordinates of important locations and of some basic facilities such as Public Tertiary Hospital, Primary Health care centre and banks in the city. Nearest Neighbour Analysis was used to calculate the mean distance travel to some basic services from 13 major localities in Akure metropolis. Descriptive and inferential statistics were employed to analyse the data. Finding reveals that some basic facilities are not evenly distributed across different localities in Akure. The mean distance travel to Public Tertiary Hospital is 3.36kms. The pattern of distribution of Public Tertiary Hospital is dispersed rather than random. More than 60% of the elderly rely on public transport services for their trip to access some basic facilities in the city. Traffic delay was ranked highest (66%) among the problems militating against the effective utilisation of urban facilities in Akure metropolis. The study recommends that more basic facilities should be provided in localities where such services are lacking. This would reduce long distance trip to these facilities in the city. The study concludes that better transport services should be made available at reasonable transport fares in order to promote accessibility of the elderly and other segments of the population to urban facilities in Akure and similar other cities in Nigeria.
Pengaruh variasi pemberian Snack bar ubi jalar kedelai hitam terhadap Kadar Superoksida Dismutase (SOD) darah
Authors: Ayustaningwarno Fitriyono , Sabuluntika Novita
Published: May 2020

Background: Snack bar from sweet potatoes and black soybeans is low GI, fat and calorie snack which haveantioxidant content, such as β-carotene, anthocyanin, isoflavone, and antioxidant activity, so can be an alternativesnack for patients with DM type 2. Antioxidants intake can prevent the oxidative stress that lead micro- and macrovascularcomplications in DM type 2. Antioxidant intake may preserve endogen antioxidant capacity, which is can bedetermined by analyzing SOD concentration.Objective: analyze effect variety of Snack bar from sweet potatoes and black soybeans consume to SOD concentration.Methods: experimental post-pretest research used 3 varieties of sweet potato’s color (red, yellow, and purple)interventions. SOD concentration was analyzed by colorimetric. Statistic data was analyzed by dependent t-test andOne Way Anova.Results: No different between groups interventions Snack bar from purple, yellow or red sweet potatoes (p=0,122).Group with snack bar from purple sweet potatoes intervention has lowest SOD decreasing percentage among otherintervention groups.Conclusion: Consume snack bar form purple sweet potatoes and black soybeans can preserve SOD concentrationbetter than consume snack bar form yellow or red sweet potatoes and black soybeans
Pengaruh pemberian yoghurt sinbiotik tanpa lemak ditambah tepung gembili terhadap kadar kolesterol ldl tikus hiperkolesterolemia
Authors: Towil Afida Soucha , Pramono Adriyan
Published: May 2020

Background: Yoghurt is probiotics a fermented milk product, produced by lactic acid bacteria and has being proved tolower cholesterol. The addition lesser yam of inulin could be the hypocholesterolemic effect.Objective:The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of non-fat yoghurt synbiotic added with of lesser yam flouradministration towards LDL cholesterol level in hypercholesterolemic rats.Methods: True experimental study with pre-post test was conducted to 24 male Wistar ratshypercholesterolemiainducedwhich grouped using simple random sampling. Samples was divided into 4 groups by simple random sampling:control, P1 (consumed 2 ml dose), P2 (consumed 3 ml dose), and P3 (consumed 4 ml dose), each group were containedof 6 rats. Non-fat yoghurt synbiotic added with oflesser yam were administered for 14 days intervention. LDLcholesterol level were determined using CHOD-PAP methods. All datas collected were analyzed using paired t-test andOne Way ANOVA followed by LSD test at 95% confidence level.Results: LDL cholesterol level was decreased significantly after 14 days intervention (P1=16.63% (p=0.033);P2=20.72% (p=0.034); P3=20.51% (p=0.013)). P2 was the highest decreasing of LDL cholesterol compared to P3,with the provision of non-fat yoghurt synbiotic added with of lesser yam flour for about 3 ml.Conclusion: Non-fat yoghurt synbiotic added with of lesser yam flour was significant lowering LDL cholesterol level inhypercholesterolemic rats.
Pengaruh intervensi pendidikan gizi terhadap peningkatan pengetahuan gizi, perubahan asupan zat gizi dan indeks massa tubuh remaja kelebihan berat badan
Authors: Nurmasyita Nurmasyita , Widjanarko Bagoes , Margawati Ani
Published: May 2020

Background: Adolescence overweight due to excessive intake and physical inactivity. This situation will continue until adulthood and cause degenerative diseases.  The prevalence of overweight adolescents  in senior high school Pontianak is 16,8% (higher than prevalence of obese adolescents in Indonesia).Objective: Analyze impact of nutrition education intervention to increase nutritional knowledge, change nutrient intake and Body Mass Index (BMI) among adolescent overweight in Pontianak high school.Methods: Quasi-experimental study design with control group pre-post test design. Nutrition education intervention to treatment group was gave once a week for 3 months and control group was gave only one for 3 months study. The subject are 73 overweight high school students, taken by purposive sampling and divided into 2 groups: 36 treatment group and 37 control group. Statistical analysis using paired t-test, Wilcoxon test, Independent t-test, Mann-Whitney Test and covariance.Results: This result shows that nutrition education intervention increase nutrition knowledge score (9.58±11.82) and fiber intake (1.05±5.29 g) in treatment group; reduce energy sufficiency rate in treatment and control group (12.42±16.77% and 10.18±0.54%); reduce protein adequacy rate (7.61±12.05%%), carbohydrate intake (3.78±6.71%) and reduce fat intake (3.11±3.96%) in treatment group; reduce BMI in treatment and control group (0.58±0.67 kg/m2 and 0.12±0.34 kg/m2).Conclusion: Nutrition education in overweight adolescent can decrease BMI among them through increase their nutrition knowledge. Nutrition knowledge of overweight adolescent decrease energy adequacy level, protein adequacy level, carbohydrate intake percentage, fat intake percentage, and increase fiber intake.
Pengaruh pemberian ekstrak jamur merang (volvariella volvacea) terhadap kadar kolesterol total, enzim lppla2 dan mda darah
Authors: Damayanty Amelia Eka , Suromo Lisyani B. , Kisdjamiatun RA
Published: May 2020

Background: Consumption of high-fat diet (HFD) is increasing blood total cholesterol, LpPLA2 enzyme and MDA level which is a cause of atherosclerosis that should be controlled by antioxidants. Paddy straw mushroom (Volvariella v.) extract has an antioxidant compounds. This research proves the effect of Volvariella v. extract on blood total cholesterol (TC), LpPLA2 enzyme and MDA level, and proves correlation between TC with LpPLA2 enzyme and MDA level.Methods: A randomized post test only control group design to twenty four of 8-10 weeks old  male Rattus novergicus Wistar strain with 180-200 gram were divided into four group; K1 with standard diet, K2 with HFD, each X1 and X2 with HFD+Volvariella v. extract 500 mg/kg.bwt/day and 1000 mg/kg.bwt/day. All treatments for 56 days. TC levels assesed by enzymatic colorimetric test method, LpPLA2 enzyme with ELISA method and MDA with TBARs method. Data were analyzed by one way Anova, LSD post hoc and Pearson’s correlation.Results: TC mean of K1 (91,28±1,55 mg/dL), K2 (181,96±4,19 mg/dL), X1 (122,94±2,75 mg/dL) and X2 (105,86±2,25 mg/dL); p=0,001. Enzyme LpPLA2 mean of K1 (2,65±3,19 ng/mL), K2 (1,29±1,35 ng/mL), X1 (3,92±2,18 ng/mL),  X2 (2,05±3,29 ng/mL); p=0,385 and blood MDA mean of K1 (1,17±0,12 nmol/mL), K2 (5,75±0,21 nmol/mL), X1 (2,96±0,91 nmol/mL) and X2 (1,77±0,92 nmol/mL); p=0,001. Correlation between TC and LpPLA2 enzyme was shown by X1 group (p=0,042; r = - 0,827).Conclusion:Volvariella v. extract decreased blood total cholesterol and MDA level significantly, did not significant to LpPLA2 enzyme. There wss a correlation between TC and LpPLA2 enzyme but was not to TC and blood MDA.
Sacubitril/valsartan increases postprandial gastrin and cholecystokinin in plasma
Authors: Andersen Ulrik Ø , Terzic Dijana , Wewer Albrechtsen Nicolai Jacob , Dall Mark Peter , Plomgaard Peter , Rehfeld Jens F , Gustafsson Finn , Goetze Jens P
Published: May 2020

Aims

Neprilysin degrades natriuretic peptides in circulation and is also suggested to degrade the gut hormones gastrin and cholecystokinin. Neprilysin inhibition has become a therapeutic strategy and thus a regimen in need of further testing in terms of other hormonal axes besides natriuretic peptides. The aim of this study was to examine whether acute inhibition of neprilysin affects meal-induced responses in gastrin and cholecystokinin concentrations in healthy individuals.

Methods and results

Nine healthy young men were included in an open-labelled, randomized cross-over clinical trial. The participants received a standardized meal (25 g fat, 26 g protein, 42 g carbohydrate) on two separate days with or without a one-time dosage of sacubitril ((194 mg)/valsartan (206 mg)). Blood pressure, heart rate and blood samples were measured and collected during the experiment. Statistical differences between groups were assessed using area under the curve together with an ANOVA with a Bonferroni post hoc test. Sacubitril/valsartan increased the postprandial plasma concentrations of both gastrin and cholecystokinin (80% (AUC0-270 min, P = 0.004) and 60% (AUC0-270 min, P = 0.003), respectively) compared with the control meal. No significant hemodynamic effects were noted (blood pressure, AUC0-270 min, P = 0.86, heart rate, AUC0-270 min, P = 0.96).

Conclusion

Our study demonstrates that sacubitril/valsartan increases the postprandial plasma concentrations of gastrin and cholecystokinin in healthy individuals. The results thus suggest that neprilysin-mediated degradation of gastrin and cholecystokinin is physiologically relevant and may have a role in heart failure patients treated with sacubitril/valsartan.
MODY2 in Asia: analysis of GCK mutations and clinical characteristics
Authors: Zhou Yuan , Wang ShengNan , Wu Jing , Dong JianJun , Liao Lin
Published: May 2020

Aims

Heterozygous inactivating mutations in the GCK gene cause the familial, mild fasting hyperglycaemia named MODY2. Many patients with MODY2 in Asia have delayed timely treatment because they did not receive the correct diagnosis. This study aims to analyze the clinical characteristics and GCK mutations in Asian MODY2.

Methods

We have collected 110 Asian patients with MODY2 from the PubMed, Embase, Medline, Web of Science, CNKI, and Wanfang with the following search terms: ‘maturity-onset diabetes of the young’ OR ‘MODY’ OR ‘maturity-onset diabetes of the young type 2’ OR ‘MODY2’ OR ‘GCK-DM’ OR ‘GCK-MODY’. Both mutations of GCK and clinical characteristics of MODY2 were analyzed.

Results

There were 96 different mutations that occurred in coding regions and non-coding regions. Exon 5 and 7 were the most common location in coding regions and missense was the primary mutation type. The proportion of probands younger than 25 was 81.8%, and 81.4% of the probands had family history of hyperglycaemia. Ninety percent and 93% of Asian MODY2 probands exhibited mild elevation in FPG (5.4–8.3 mmol/L) and HbA1c (5.6–7.6%), respectively.

Conclusions

In most Asian patients, MODY2 occurred due to GCK mutation in coding regions, and exon 5 and 7 were the most common locations. FPG, HbA1c, and familial diabetes were important reference indicators for diagnosing MODY2. Altogether, the study indicates that for the young onset of diabetes with mild elevated blood glucose and HbA1c and family history of hyperglycaemia, molecular genetic testing is suggested in order to differentiate MODY2 from other types of diabetes earlier.
Biallelic CYP24A1 variants presenting during pregnancy: clinical and biochemical phenotypes
Authors: Griffin Tomás P , Joyce Caroline M , Alkanderi Sumaya , Blake Liam M , O’Keeffe Derek T , Bogdanet Delia , Islam Md Nahidul , Dennedy Michael C , Gillan John E , Morrison John J , O’Brien Timothy , Sayer John A , Bell Marcia , O’Shea Paula M
Published: May 2020

Introduction

Inactivating mutations in CYP24A1, encoding vitamin D-24-hydroxylase, can lead to an accumulation of active vitamin D metabolites and consequent hypercalcaemia. Patient (infantile and adult) presentation is varied and includes mild-severe hypercalcaemia, hypercalciuria, nephrocalcinosis and nephrolithiasis. This study aimed to characterize the clinical and biochemical phenotypes of a family with two CYP24A1 missense variants.

Methods

The proband and seven family members underwent detailed clinical and biochemical evaluation. Laboratory measurements included serum calcium, intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH), vitamin D metabolites and urine calcium and creatinine.

Results

The proband presented during the second trimester of a planned pregnancy with flu-like symptoms. Laboratory tests showed elevated adjusted calcium of 3.27 (upper reference limit (URL: 2.30) mmol/L), suppressed iPTH (<6 ng/L), elevated 25(OH)D (264 (URL: 55) nmol/L) and elevated 1,25(OH)D (293 (URL: <280) pmol/L). Ionized calcium was 1.55 (URL: 1.28) mmol/L. Sanger sequencing revealed two heterozygous missense variants in the CYP24A1: p.(Arg439Cys), R439C and p.(Trp275Arg), W275R. The proband’s brother and sister had the same genotype. The brother had intermittent hypercalcaemia and hypervitaminosis D. Only the sister had a history of nephrolithiasis. The proband’s daughter and two nephews were heterozygous for the R439C variant. The proband and her brother frequently had elevated 25(OH)D:24,25(OH)2D ratios (>50) during follow-up.

Conclusions

W275R is a new pathogenic CYP24A1 mutation in compound heterozygotic form with R439C in this family.
Advocacy and Collaborative Health Care for Justice-Involved Youth
Authors: Owen Mikah C. , Wallace Stephenie B. ,   COMMITTEE ON ADOLESCENCE, Alderman Elizabeth M. , Chung Richard , Grubb Laura K. , Lee Janet , Powers Makia E. , Rahmandar Maria H. , Upadhya Krishna K.
Published: May 2020

Children and adolescents who become involved with the justice system often do so with complex medical, mental health, developmental, social, and legal needs. Most have been exposed to childhood trauma or adversity, which both contribute to their involvement with the justice system and negatively impact their health and well-being. Whether youth are held in confinement or in their home communities, pediatricians play a critical role in promoting the health and well-being of justice-involved youth. Having a working knowledge of the juvenile justice system and common issues facing justice-involved youth may help pediatricians enhance their clinical care and advocacy efforts. This policy statement is a revision of the 2011 policy “Health Care for Youth in the Juvenile Justice System.” It provides an overview of the juvenile justice system, describes racial bias and overrepresentation of youth of color in the justice system, reviews the health and mental health status of justice-involved youth, and identifies advocacy opportunities for juvenile justice reform.
Dinámica de nitrógeno del suelo en agroecosistemas bajo el efecto de abonos verdes
Authors: Sosa Rodrigues Breno Augusto , Sanchez de Prager Marina , García Yuly , Espinoza Marden , Rodriguez Jesus , Sosa Glauco
Published: May 2020

Los abonos verdes (AV) son frecuentemente utilizados en agroecosistemas para mejorar y/o restaurar la fertilidad del suelo.  El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar la dinámica de nitrógeno (N) y carbono (C) del suelo en sistemas de maíz y soya bajo el efecto de AV residuales.  En un Vertisol Typic Haplustert ubicado en el Valle del Cauca-Colombia se estableció la asociación Mucuna pruriens var. utilis – maíz (Zea mays), la cual 90 días después de la siembra fue incorporada al suelo como AV o se dispuso sobre la superficie del suelo como acolchado orgánico (AO).  Posteriormente fueron sembrados los cultivos maíz-soya en forma intercalada para formar 11 tratamientos bajo el diseño de bloques completos al azar con arreglo factorial 32 +2 y tres repeticiones.  Las parcelas principales fueron AV, AO y barbecho (B).  Las subparcelas correspondieron a la fertilización con compost, fertilizante de síntesis química industrial y cero fertilizaciones (testigo).  En forma paralela fueron sembrados como referentes los monocultivos de maíz y soya manejados de forma tradicional.  En las etapas de floración y llenado de grano de los cultivos se midieron como variables en suelo: N total, amonio, nitrato, N-inorgánico total, carbono orgánico; y en tejido vegetal de maíz y soya: carbono y N.  Los resultados mostraron que, la aplicación de materiales orgánicos de alta calidad, AV/AO, estimularon la mineralización del C y la dinámica de las diferentes fracciones de N en el suelo, sin cambios significativos en el contenido de estos elementos en el tejido vegetal del cultivo de maíz y soya.