bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Contrasting source contributions of Arctic black carbon to atmospheric concentrations, deposition flux, and atmospheric and snow radiative effects
Authors: Matsui Hitoshi , Mori Tatsuhiro , Ohata Sho , Moteki Nobuhiro , Oshima Naga , Goto-Azuma Kumiko , Koike Makoto , Kondo Yutaka
Published: January 2022

Abstract. Black carbon (BC) particles in the Arctic contribute to rapid warming of the Arctic by heating the atmosphere and snow and ice surfaces. Understanding the source contributions to Arctic BC is therefore important, but they are not well understood, especially those for atmospheric and snow radiative effects. Here we estimate simultaneously the source contributions of Arctic BC to near-surface and vertically integrated atmospheric BC mass concentrations (MBC_SRF and MBC_COL), BC deposition flux (MBC_DEP), and BC radiative effects at the top of the atmosphere and snow surface (REBC_TOA and REBC_SNOW), and show that the source contributions to these five variables are highly different. In our estimates, Siberia makes the largest contribution to MBC_SRF, MBC_DEP, and REBC_SNOW in the Arctic (defined as > 70° N), accounting for 70 %, 53 %, and 43 %, respectively. In contrast, Asia’s contributions to MBC_COL and REBC_TOA are largest, accounting for 38 % and 45 %, respectively. In addition, the contributions of biomass burning sources are larger (24−34 %) to MBC_DEP, REBC_TOA, and REBC_SNOW, which are highest from late spring to summer, and smaller (4.2−14 %) to MBC_SRF and MBC_COL, whose concentrations are highest from winter to spring. These differences in source contributions to these five variables are due to seasonal variations in BC emission, transport, and removal processes and solar radiation, as well as to differences in radiative effect efficiency (radiative effect per unit BC mass) among sources. Radiative effect efficiency varies by a factor of up to 4 among sources (1465−5439 W g–1) depending on lifetimes, mixing states, and heights of BC and seasonal variations of emissions and solar radiation. As a result, source contributions to radiative effects and mass concentrations (i.e., REBC_TOA and MBC_COL, respectively) are substantially different. The results of this study demonstrate the importance of considering differences in the source contributions of Arctic BC among mass concentrations, deposition, and atmospheric and snow radiative effects for accurate understanding of Arctic BC and its climate impacts.
Joint Occurrence of Heatwaves and Ozone Pollution and Increased Health Risks in Beijing, China: Roles of Synoptic Weather Pattern and Urbanization
Authors: Zong Lian , Yang Yuanjian , Xia Haiyun , Gao Meng , Sun Zhaobin , Zheng Zuofang , Li Xianxiang , Ning Guicai , Li Yubin , Lolli Simone
Published: January 2022

Abstract. Heatwaves (HWs) paired with higher ozone (O3) concentration at surface level pose a serious threat to human health. Their combined modulation of synoptic patterns and urbanization remains unclear. By using five years of summertime temperature and O3 concentrations observation in Beijing, this study explored potential drivers of compound HWs and O3 pollution events. Three unfavourable synoptic weather patterns were identified to dominate the compound HWs and O3 pollution events. The weather patterns contributing to enhance those conditions are characterized by sinking air motion, low boundary layer height, and hot temperatures. Under the synergistic stress of HWs and O3 pollution, the public mortality risk increased by approximately 12.59 % (95 % confidence interval: 4.66 %, 21.42 %). Relative to rural areas, urbanization caused higher risks for HWs, but lower risks for O3 over urban areas. In general, unfavourable synoptic patterns and urbanization can enhance the compound risk of events in Beijing by 45.46 % and 8.08 %, respectively. Our findings provide robust evidence and implications for forecasting compound heatwaves and O3 pollution event and its health risks in Beijing or in other urban areas all over the word having high concentrations of O3 and high-density populations.
Measurement report: Vehicle-based multi-lidar observational study of the effect of meteorological elements on the three-dimensional distribution of particles in the western Guangdong–Hong Kong–Macao Greater Bay Area
Authors: Xu Xinqi , Xie Jielan , Li Yuman , Miao Shengjie , Fan Shaojia
Published: January 2022

Abstract. The distribution of meteorological elements has always
been an important factor in determining the horizontal and vertical
distribution of particles in the atmosphere. To study the effect of
meteorological elements on the three-dimensional distribution structure of
particles, mobile vehicle lidar and fixed-location observations were
collected in the western Guangdong–Hong Kong–Macao Greater Bay Area of
China during September and October in 2019 and 2020. Vertical aerosol
extinction coefficient, depolarization ratio, and wind and temperature
profiles were measured using a micro pulse lidar, a Raman scattering lidar,
and a Doppler wind profile lidar installed on a mobile monitoring vehicle.
The mechanism of how wind and temperature in the boundary layer affects the
horizontal and vertical distribution of particles was analysed. The results
show that particles were mostly distributed in downstream areas on days with
moderate wind speed in the boundary layer, whereas they were distributed
homogeneously on days with weaker wind. There are three typical types of
vertical distribution of particles in the western Guangdong–Hong
Kong–Macao Greater Bay Area (GBA): surface single layer, elevated single
layer, and double layer. Analysis of wind profiles and Hybrid Single-Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory Model (HYSPLIT) backward trajectory reveals different sources of particles for the three types.
Particles concentrating near the temperature inversion and multiple
inversions could cause more than one peak in the extinction coefficient
profile. There were two mechanisms affecting the distribution of particulate
matter in the upper and lower boundary layers. Based on this observational
study, a general model of meteorological elements affecting the vertical
distribution of urban particulate matter is proposed.
Effects of oligomerization and decomposition on the nanoparticle growth: a model study
Authors: Heitto Arto , Lehtinen Kari , Petäjä Tuukka , Lopez-Hilfiker Felipe , Thornton Joel A. , Kulmala Markku , Yli-Juuti Taina
Published: January 2022

Abstract. The rate at which freshly formed secondary
aerosol particles grow is an important factor in determining their climate
impacts. The growth rate of atmospheric nanoparticles may be affected by
particle-phase oligomerization and decomposition of condensing organic
molecules. We used the Model for Oligomerization and Decomposition in
Nanoparticle Growth (MODNAG) to investigate the potential atmospheric
significance of these effects. This was done by conducting multiple
simulations with varying reaction-related parameters (volatilities of the
involved compounds and reaction rates) using both artificial and ambient
measured gas-phase concentrations of organic vapors to define the condensing
vapors. While our study does not aim at providing information on any
specific reaction, our results indicate that particle-phase reactions have
significant potential to affect the nanoparticle growth. In simulations
in which one-third of a volatility basis set bin was allowed to go through
particle-phase reactions, the maximum increase in growth rates was 71 % and the
decrease 26 % compared to the base case in which no particle-phase reactions were
assumed to take place. These results highlight the importance of
investigating and increasing our understanding of particle-phase reactions.
Design and characterization of a semi-open dynamic chamber for measuring biogenic volatile organic compound (BVOC) emissions from plants
Authors: Zeng Jianqiang , Zhang Yanli , Zhang Huina , Song Wei , Wu Zhenfeng , Wang Xinming
Published: January 2022

Abstract. With the accumulation of data about biogenic volatile organic compound
(BVOC) emissions from plants based on branch-scale enclosure measurements
worldwide, it is vital to assure that measurements are conducted using
well-characterized dynamic chambers with good transfer efficiencies and less disturbance on natural growing microenvironments. In this study, a self-made cylindrical semi-open dynamic chamber with a Teflon-coated inner surface was characterized both in the lab with standard BVOC mixtures and in the field with typical broadleaf and coniferous trees. The lab simulation with a
constant flow of standard mixtures and online monitoring of BVOCs by proton
transfer reaction time-of-flight mass spectrometry (PTR-ToF-MS) revealed
lower real-time mixing ratios and shorter equilibrium times than
theoretically predicted due to wall loss in the chamber and that larger flow
rates (shorter residence times) can reduce the adsorptive loss and improve
the transfer efficiencies. However, even when flow rates were raised to secure
residence times of less than 1 min, transfer efficiencies were still below 70 % for heavier BVOCs like α-pinene and β-caryophyllene.
Relative humidity (RH) impacted the adsorptive loss of BVOCs less
significantly when compared to flow rates, with compound-specific patterns
related to the influence of RH on their adsorption behaviour. When the
chamber was applied in the field to a branch of a Mangifera indica tree, the ambient–enclosure temperature differences decreased from 4.5±0.3 to 1.0±0.2 ∘C and the RH differences decreased from
9.8 ± 0.5 % to 1.2±0.1 % as flow rates increased from 3 L min−1 (residence time ∼4.5 min) to 15 L min−1
(residence time ∼0.9 min). At a medium flow rate of 9 L min−1 (residence time ∼1.5 min), field tests with the
dynamic chamber for Mangifera indica and Pinus massoniana branches revealed enclosure temperature increase
within +2 ∘C and CO2 depletion within −50 ppm when
compared to their ambient counterparts. The results suggested that
substantially higher air circulating rates would benefit by reducing
equilibrium time, adsorptive loss, and the ambient–enclosure temperature and RH
differences. However, even under higher air circulating rates and with inert
Teflon-coated inner surfaces, the transfer efficiencies for monoterpene and
sesquiterpene species are not so satisfactory, implying that emission
factors for these species might be underestimated if they are obtained by
dynamic chambers without certified transfer efficiencies and that further
efforts are needed for field measurements to improve accuracies and narrow
the uncertainties of the emission factors.
Air temperature equation derived from sonic temperature and water vapor mixing ratio for turbulent airflow sampled through closed-path eddy-covariance flux systems
Authors: Zhou Xinhua , Gao Tian , Takle Eugene S. , Zhen Xiaojie , Suyker Andrew E. , Awada Tala , Okalebo Jane , Zhu Jiaojun
Published: January 2022

Abstract. Air temperature (T) plays a fundamental role in many
aspects of the flux exchanges between the atmosphere and ecosystems.
Additionally, knowing where (in relation to other essential measurements)
and at what frequency T must be measured is critical to accurately describing
such exchanges. In closed-path eddy-covariance (CPEC) flux systems, T can be
computed from the sonic temperature (Ts) and water vapor mixing ratio
that are measured by the fast-response sensors of a three-dimensional sonic
anemometer and infrared CO2–H2O analyzer, respectively. T is then
computed by use of either T=Ts1+0.51q-1, where q is
specific humidity, or T=Ts1+0.32e/P-1, where e is water
vapor pressure and P is atmospheric pressure. Converting q and e/P into the same
water vapor mixing ratio analytically reveals the difference between these
two equations. This difference in a CPEC system could reach ±0.18 K,
bringing an uncertainty into the accuracy of T from both equations and
raising the question of which equation is better. To clarify the uncertainty
and to answer this question, the derivation of T equations in terms of
Ts and H2O-related variables is thoroughly studied. The two
equations above were developed with approximations; therefore, neither of
their accuracies was evaluated, nor was the question answered. Based on
first principles, this study derives the T equation in terms of Ts and
the water vapor molar mixing ratio (χH2O) without any assumption and
approximation. Thus, this equation inherently lacks error, and the accuracy
in T from this equation (equation-computed T) depends solely on the
measurement accuracies of Ts and χH2O. Based on current
specifications for Ts and χH2O in the CPEC300 series, and
given their maximized measurement uncertainties, the accuracy in
equation-computed T is specified within ±1.01 K. This
accuracy uncertainty is propagated mainly (±1.00 K) from the
uncertainty in Ts measurements and a little (±0.02 K) from the
uncertainty in χH2O measurements. An improvement in measurement
technologies, particularly for Ts, would be a key to narrowing this
accuracy range. Under normal sensor and weather conditions, the specified
accuracy range is overestimated, and actual accuracy is better.
Equation-computed T has a frequency response equivalent to high-frequency
Ts and is insensitive to solar contamination during measurements.
Synchronized at a temporal scale of the measurement frequency and matched at a
spatial scale of measurement volume with all aerodynamic and thermodynamic
variables, this T has advanced merits in boundary-layer meteorology and
applied meteorology.
Long-term behavior and stability of calibration models for NO and NO2 low cost sensors
Authors: Kim Horim , Müller Michael , Henne Stephan , Hüglin Christoph
Published: January 2022

Abstract. Low-cost sensors are considered as exhibiting great potential to complement classical air quality measurements in existing monitoring networks. However, the use of low-cost sensors poses some challenges. In this study, the behavior and performance of electrochemical sensors for NO and NO2 were determined over a longer operating period in a real-world deployment. After careful calibration of the sensors, based on co-location with reference instruments at a rural traffic site during six months and by using robust linear regression and random forest regression, the coefficient of determination of both types of sensors were high (R2 > 0.9) and the root mean square error (RMSE) of NO and NO2 sensors were about 6.8 ppb and 3.5 ppb, respectively, for 10-minute mean concentrations. The RMSE of the NO2 sensors, however, more than doubled, when the sensors were deployed without re-calibration for a one-year period at other site types (including urban background locations), where the range and the variability of air pollutant concentrations differed from the calibration site. This indicates a significant effect of the re-location of the sensors on the quality of their data. During deployment, we found that the NO2 sensors are capable of distinguishing general pollution levels, but they proved unsuitable for accurate measurements, mainly due to significant biases. In order to investigate the long-term stability of the original calibration, the sensors were re-installed at the calibration site after deployment. Surprisingly, the coefficient of determination and the RMSE of the NO sensor remained almost unchanged after more than one year of operation. In contrast, the performance of the NO2 sensors clearly deteriorated as indicated by a higher RMSE (about 7.5 ppb, 10-minute mean concentrations) and a lower coefficient of determination (R2 = 0.59).
Soil carbon loss in warmed subarctic grasslands is rapid and restricted to topsoil
Authors: Verbrigghe Niel , Leblans Niki I. W. , Sigurdsson Bjarni D. , Vicca Sara , Fang Chao , Fuchslueger Lucia , Soong Jennifer L. , Weedon James T. , Poeplau Christopher , Ariza-Carricondo Cristina , Bahn Michael , Guenet Bertrand , Gundersen Per , Gunnarsdóttir Gunnhildur E. G. , Kätterer Thomas , Liu Zhanfeng , Maljanen Marja , Marañón-Jiménez Sara , Meeran Kathiravan , Oddsdóttir Edda S. , Ostonen Ivika , Peñuelas Josep , Richter Andreas , Sardans Jordi , Sigurðsson Páll , Torn Margaret S. , Van Bodegom Peter M. , Verbruggen Erik , Walker Tom W. N. , Wallander Håkan , Janssens Ivan A.
Published: January 2022

Abstract. Global warming may lead to carbon transfers from soils to the atmosphere, yet this positive feedback to the cli- mate system remains highly uncertain, especially in subsoils (Ilyina and Friedlingstein, 2016; Shi et al., 2018). Using natural geothermal soil warming gradients of up to +6.4 °C in subarctic grasslands (Sigurdsson et al., 2016), we show that soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks decline strongly and linearly with warming (−2.8 ton ha−1 °C−1). Comparison of SOC stock changes following medium-term (5 and 10 years) and long-term (> 50 years) warming revealed that all SOC loss occurred within the first five years of warming, after which continued warming no longer reduced SOC stocks. This rapid equilibration of SOC observed in Andosol suggests a critical role for ecosystem adaptations to warming and could imply short-lived soil carbon-climate feedbacks. Our data further revealed that the soil C loss occurred in all aggregate size fractions, and that SOC losses only occurred in topsoil (0–10 cm). SOC stocks in subsoil (10–30 cm), where plant roots were absent, remained unaltered, even after > 50 years of warming. The observed depth-dependent warming responses indicate that explicit vertical resolution is a prerequisite for global models to accurately project future SOC stocks for this soil type and should be investigated for soils with other mineralogies.
Water vapor in cold and clean atmosphere: a 3-year data set in the boundary layer of Dome C, East Antarctic Plateau
Authors: Genthon Christophe , Veron Dana E. , Vignon Etienne , Madeleine Jean-Baptiste , Piard Luc
Published: January 2022

Abstract. The air at the surface of the high Antarctic Plateau is very cold, dry and clean. In such conditions the atmospheric moisture can significantly deviate from thermodynamic equilibrium conditions, and supersaturation with respect to ice can occur. Most conventional humidity sensors for meteorological applications cannot report supersaturation in this environment. A simple approach for measuring supersaturation using conventional instruments, one being operated in a heated airflow, is presented. Since 2018, this instrumental setup was deployed at 3 levels in the lower ~40 m above the surface at Dome C on the high Antarctic Plateau. The 3-year 2018–2020 record (Genthon et al. 2021) is presented and analyzed for features such as the frequency of supersaturation with respect to ice, diurnal and seasonal variability, and vertical distribution. As supercooled liquid water droplets are frequently observed in clouds at the temperatures met on the high Antarctic Plateau, the distribution of relative humidity with respect to liquid water at Dome C is also discussed. It is suggested that, while not strictly mimicking the conditions of the high troposphere, the surface atmosphere on the Antarctic Plateau is a convenient natural laboratory to test parametrizations of cold microphysics predominantly developed to handle the genesis of high tropospheric clouds. Data are distributed on the PANGAEA data repository at https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.939425 (Genthon et al., 2021).
Comparing seasonal streamflow forecast systems for management of a fresh water reservoir in the Netherlands
Authors: Hurkmans Ruud T. W. L. , van den Hurk Bart , Schmeits Maurice J. , Wetterhall Fredrik , Pechlivanidis Ilias G.
Published: January 2022

Abstract. For efficient management of the Dutch surface water reservoir Lake IJssel, (sub)seasonal forecasts of the water volumes going in and out of the reservoir are potentially of great interest. Here, streamflow forecasts were analyzed for the river Rhine at Lobith, which is partly routed through the river IJssel, the main influx into the reservoir. We analyzed multiple seasonal forecast data sets derived from EFAS, E-HYPE and HTESSEL, which differ in their underlying hydrological formulation, but are all forced with similar input from the ECMWF SEAS5 meteorological forecasts. We post-processed the streamflow forecasts using quantile matching (QM) and analyzed several forecast quality metrics. Forecast performance was assessed based on the available reforecast period, as well as on individual summer seasons. QM increased forecast skill for nearly all metrics evaluated. Particularly HTESSEL, a land surface scheme that is not optimized for hydrology, needed the largest correction. Averaged over the reforecast period, forecasts were skillful for the longest lead times in spring and early summer. For this period, E-HYPE showed the highest skill; Later in summer, however, skill deteriorated after 1–2 months. When investigating specific years with either low or high flow conditions, forecast skill increased with the extremity of the event. Although raw forecasts for both E-HYPE and EFAS were more skilful than HTESSEL, bias correction based on QM can significantly reduce the difference. In operational mode, the three forecast systems show comparable skill. In general, dry conditions can be forecasted with high success rates up to three months ahead, which is very promising for successful use of Rhine streamflow forecasts in downstream reservoir management.
On the circulation, water mass distribution, and nutrient concentrations of the western Chukchi Sea
Authors: Clement Kinney Jaclyn , Assmann Karen M. , Maslowski Wieslaw , Björk Göran , Jakobsson Martin , Jutterström Sara , Lee Younjoo J. , Osinski Robert , Semiletov Igor , Ulfsbo Adam , Wåhlström Irene , Anderson Leif G.
Published: January 2022

Abstract. Substantial amounts of nutrients and carbon enter the Arctic Ocean from the Pacific Ocean through the Bering Strait, distributed over three main pathways. Water with low salinities and nutrient concentrations takes an eastern route along the Alaskan coast, as Alaskan Coastal Water. A central pathway exhibits intermediate salinity and nutrient concentrations, while the most nutrient-rich water enters the Bering Strait on its western side. Towards the Arctic Ocean, the flow of these water masses is subject to strong topographic steering within the Chukchi Sea with volume transport modulated by the wind field. In this contribution, we use data from several sections crossing Herald Canyon collected in 2008 and 2014 together with numerical modelling to investigate the circulation and transport in the western part of the Chukchi Sea. We find that a substantial fraction of water from the Chukchi Sea enters the East Siberian Sea south of Wrangel Island and circulates in an anticyclonic direction around the island. This water then contributes to the high-nutrient waters of Herald Canyon. The bottom of the canyon has the highest nutrient concentrations, likely as a result of addition from the degradation of organic matter at the sediment surface in the East Siberian Sea. The flux of nutrients (nitrate, phosphate, and silicate) and dissolved inorganic carbon in Bering Summer Water and Winter Water is computed by combining hydrographic and nutrient observations with geostrophic transport referenced to lowered acoustic Doppler current profiler (LADCP) and surface drift data. Even if there are some general similarities between the years, there are differences in both the temperature–salinity and nutrient characteristics. To assess these differences, and also to get a wider temporal and spatial view, numerical modelling results are applied. According to model results, high-frequency variability dominates the flow in Herald Canyon. This leads us to conclude that this region needs to be monitored over a longer time frame to deduce the temporal variability and potential trends.
Contribution of winter upwelling in the Gulf of Finland to lake-effect snow in Estonia
Authors: Suursaar Ülo , Meitern Helve
Published: January 2022

The aim of the study was to analyse the sequence of winter (“warm”) upwelling and lake-effect snow (LES) events that deposited up to 50 cm of snow along the North Estonian coast in January–February 2021. Based on weather and aerological data, four episodes of LES were documented. Heavy, localized lake-effect enhanced precipitation occurred along a 30–50 km wide coastal strip bordering the Gulf of Finland when a cold air mass from the north advected over the warmer, unfrozen sea surface. A temperature difference of up to 20°C was revealed between the air mass temperatures measured at the 850 hPa level and at the sea surface. The LES events, in turn, were preceded by upwelling in the southern Gulf of Finland, which was generated by persisting easterly winds. Even when occasionally interrupted by a wind change, the upwelled water still kept sea surface temperature (SST) in the southern half of the Gulf higher, as documented by the water temperature records from the coastal stations of Estonia, SST and salinity imagery retrieved from the SatBaltyk system, and sea ice distribution charts. Differently from summer (cold) upwelling, winter upwelling brought up warmer (2–4°C) water from the sub-surface layers replacing the already cooled down (0–1°C) surface water. Thus, winter upwelling enhanced LES in two ways. Firstly, by not letting the Gulf freeze over, and therefore by providing a fetch. And secondly, by increasing the SST (and therefore also the 850 hPa level – surface temperature difference) by up to 4°C.
Statistical behaviours of earthquake occurrences in the Central Anatolian Region of Turkey: region-time-magnitude analyses
Authors: Öztürk Serkan
Published: January 2022

The main objective of this work is to make detailed region-time-magnitude analyses by describing the statistical behaviours of earthquakes in the Central Anatolian Region of Turkey. In this scope, several seismic and tectonic parameters such as Mcomp, b-value, Dc-value, Z-value, recurrence times and annual probabilities were evaluated. For the analyses, a homogeneous catalogue including 10,146 earthquakes with 1.0 ≤ Md ≤ 5.7 between 30 July 1975 and 29 December 2018 was used and spatio-temporal changes of earthquake behaviours were mapped for the beginning of 2019. Earthquake magnitudes varied from 1.9 to 3.0 on average, and hence Mcomp was considered to be 2.6. The b-value was calculated as 1.26 ± 0.07, and this relatively large value indicates that small-magnitude events are dominant. The Dc-value was computed as 1.31 ± 0.03. This small value means that distances between epicentres approach the diameter of the cluster, and seismic activity is more clustered at smaller scales or in larger regions. The spatio-temporal analyses of recurrence times suggest that the Central Anatolian Region has an intermediate/long-term earthquake hazard in comparison to occurrences of strong earthquakes in the short term. Several anomaly regions of a small b-value and a large Z-value were found in and around the Tuzgölü Fault Zone, Central Anatolian Fault Zone, Salanda fault and Niğde fault at the beginning of 2019. Thus, a combination of the regions with a lower b-value, a higher Z-value and also moderate recurrence times may give significant clues for the future possible earthquakes, and detected regions may be thought to be the most likely areas for strong/large events in the Central Anatolian Region.
Writing ‘Amye Duddley’: seeking clues in books, bones and stones
Authors: Padmore Catherine
Published: January 2022

This paper explores some of the processes of literary detection involved in creating a fictional account of an historical figure, including seeking archival clues, examining existing fictional portrayals and locating my own position from which to write about the story.
Essaying the Self: ethnicity, identity and the fictocritical essay
Authors: Raine Danuta
Published: January 2022

…Because of the close relationship between identity formation and the process of constructing a familiar essay (Hazlitt 1963a: 163), the fictocritical essay became significant in exploring the biographical material surrounding my ethnic heritage. Rosalia Baena writes that life writing possesses ‘value as acomplex dynamic of cultural production, where aesthetic concerns and the choice and manipulation of form serve as signifying aspects to experiences and subjectivities’ (Baena 2007: vii). In fictocriticism, the beauty of life writing blends with the cultural discourses surrounding the subject I. There is freedom for me to move, to breathe and reflect upon the layers of my self mapping…
‘Do you mind if I invent you?’: ethical questions in the writing of creative non-fiction
Authors: Carlin David
Published: January 2022

‘In autobiography’, writes Nancy Miller (2002: 210), ‘the acts - performed and witnessed - that might seem to beg not to be revealed are the very ones that produce writing. ’Secret knowledge’, she continues, ‘becomes public shame …As you tell the secrets of others, and violate family codes, you separate yourself from their power over you, even as you return to them in memory’(Miller 2002: 210). By definition the memoir project I have been writing has been carved from shame, as it were, since it seeks to talk about what was held taboo, a family secret. And even if all involved can agree in principle it is a good thing for the story to be told, nevertheless shame itself may cling on doggedly.
Up the highway to campus Optus
Authors: Messer Jane
Published: January 2022

What happens to a person when they work in the environment of pervasive risk and change that characterises the new capitalist enterprise? These transnational, globalised, and networked enterprises are a defining element in what is variously termed by social scientists and others from the humanities as ‘high modernity’ and the ‘late modern age’ (Giddens), the ‘informational age’ (Castells), and the ‘global age’ and ‘new capitalist age’ (Sennett). Many of us work in such organisations, and for this reason it has been my interest to ask, how might a writer of narrative engage with the contemporary impacts of risk and change on individuals?
Supervision in an alternative paradigm
Authors: Daniela Büchler Michael Biggs,
Published: January 2022

In this paper we express our framing of supervision as preparation and training for

professional practice as a researcher, rather than the culmination of tertiary education.

Instead of discussing the supervisory activity, performance and best practice, we focus on

the uniqueness of practice as a researcher in the creative arts as being constituted by an

emerging and novel research paradigm. We develop the theoretical framework of Guba

and Lincoln, contrasting their use of the term ‘paradigm’ with that of Kuhn. We identify

research in the creative arts as being a so-called ‘alternative paradigm’ but having its own

unique characteristics. However, we claim that these characteristics are not discretionary

but related to generic characteristics of research. By developing Guba and Lincoln’s

model, we argue that the characteristics of research in the creative arts cannot simply be

translated or inferred from the characteristics of research in cognate disciplines, but must

be derived from the worldview and values of the arts community. This involves

identifying both generic and discipline-specific characteristics. We claim that the

discipline-specific characteristics reflect the values that are found in professional practice,

and the generic characteristics reflect the values that are found in academic research

across disciplines.

As a result of establishing criteria for the evaluation of activities as research in a novel

paradigm such as the creative arts, we present a critical framework for thesis production

that facilitates the inclusion of the researcher’s own creative work in the doctoral study. A

number of issues arising from the experience of the authors as supervisors and examiners

are discussed. Finally, a template for a seven-chapter thesis in the creative arts is

proposed, which addresses common problems such as weaknesses in the single-case

study approach and researcher bias in participant-observation studies.
Collaborating with the enemy
Authors: Enza Gandolfo Megan Evans,
Published: January 2022

Practice-led research is by its very nature multi-disciplinary. This means that often

both the student and the supervisor find themselves, from the very beginning of the

project, working across a range of familiar and unfamiliar fields. The postgraduate

students we have supervised in the visual arts and creative writing have engaged with

ideas ranging from racism to erotica, from blindness to cannibalism; they have

situated themselves in literary studies, in cultural studies, in feminist and art theory.

The best of these projects produce innovative and challenging artworks/creative texts.

The exegesis is often a hybrid and ‘messy text’ with multiple voices and perspectives.

As a writer and an artist with experience working in a range of collaborative creative

arts projects, and more recently as supervisors of PhDs and MAs in visual art and

creative writing, we have found that some of the elements of, and processes used in,

successful collaboration also enhance supervision of practice-led postgraduate

research supervision. While higher degree research belongs to, and must always be

the work of, the individual student, like any good collaboration it cannot be achieved

without significant and engaged dialogue, and a joint commitment by student and

supervisor to the project.

In this article, we draw on our extensive experience as collaborators both in

university research projects and in other contexts, on cultural-historical theories that

place emphasis on the social sources of knowledge development, and on postgraduate

supervision scholarship. We will distinguish the different elements of successful

collaboration in a creative context and the way in which these elements can be

applied to the supervision of practice-led postgraduate research projects in the visual

arts and creative writing.
To know or not to know: the uses of transference in PhD supervision
Authors: Hecq Dominique
Published: January 2022

Drawing on my personal experience of supervision, this paper demonstrates how

crucial an analysis of transference may be to the outcome of PhD projects in the

discipline of writing in particular.

Taken in its specificity, the term ‘transference’ applies strictly to analytic treatment.

However, both Freud and Lacan have, in their own ways, pointed to its wider

implications for understanding human interactions in the field of pedagogy. Freud’s

definition of transference as a ‘displacement from one idea to another’ led Lacan to

reconceptualise it in terms of the three registers of the Symbolic, the Imaginary and

the Real with reference to the role of ‘the subject supposed to know’ (Freud 1900:

562; Lacan 1977 (1964): 232). Further, over the last twenty years, writing teachers

have vigorously discussed the implications of both Freudian and Lacanian models.

This paper is in two parts. First, focusing on the Lacanian model, it demonstrates how

an analysis of transference between candidate and supervisor may be instrumental to

the success of PhD candidatures in writing. Second, it offers three supervision case studies

where transference was particularly problematic in order to identify factors

that are critical to the positive outcome of the supervisory relationship, and hence the

successful completion of doctorates.
Bend and stretch: pedagogical callisthenics in creative practice honours
Authors: Susan Carson Helen Yeates,
Published: January 2022

The supervision of research higher degree (RHD) candidates in creative practice-led

programs poses challenges for both candidates and supervisors. Changes in

international postgraduate training agendas have complicated this ever-shifting

terrain. This paper investigates the honours research training year. This fourth year is

made up of a project and coursework and is a traditional entry point for doctoral

study. At Creative Industries, honours acts as a precursor and model for supervisory

practice in postgraduate creative arts in an interdisciplinary faculty. The findings

indicate that best practice may involve ‘bending and stretching’ existing pedagogical

approaches for an increasingly interdisciplinary and mobile research environment.

This discussion considers the supervision of candidates enrolled in Queensland

University of Technology Faculty of Creative Industries honours courses that

encompass a range of disciplines including creative writing, fashion, animation and

performance studies. We present results of an analysis of the work of honours

students who are creative practitioners (many of whom will, or have, moved into the

RHD environment). This examination was undertaken in order to develop an

understanding of the dynamics of creative practice at this level, particularly in light of

the growing emphasis on early research training in Australian universities. Specific

pedagogical strategies mooted include establishing a common research vocabulary,

an increasing focus on research design, and a linking of theory and practice.
Szenzoros információfeldolgozás, mozgás, nyelvi képesség. A Frostig-elven alapuló nevelési terápia elmélete és gyakorlata.
Authors: Mészáros Andrea , Mohai Katalin
Published: January 2022

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Syndromic Surveillance Data for Accidental Fall Injury
Authors: Brannen Donald E , Howell Melissa , Steveley Ashley , Webb Jeff , Owsley Deidre
Published: January 2022

Background:Fall injuries (FI) are a priority for public health planning. Syndromic surveillance (SS) is used to detect outbreaks, environmental exposures, and bioterrorism in real time. Since information is gathered on patients, the utility of using this system for FI should be evaluated.
Methods:Strategies to integrate FI medical and SS data were compared using a cohort versus case control (CC) study design.
Results:The CC study was accurate 77.7% (57.7-91.3) of the time versus 100% for a cohort design. The CC study design found FI increased for older age groups, female gender, November, and December months. Dates with any freezing temperature had a higher case fatality rate. Repeat acute care visits increased the risk of FI diagnosis by over 6% and trended upward with each visit (R=.333, p<.001).
Conclusions:The CC diagnostic quality of FI were better for age and gender than for area. The CC study found the indicators of increased risk of FI including: Freezing temperature, repeat acute care visits, older age groups, female gender, November, and December months. A gradient of increasing odds of FI with the number of acute care visits provides proof that community fall prevention programs should focus on those most likely to fall. A CC design of SS data can quickly identify indicators of FI with a lower accuracy but with less cost than a full cohort study, thus providing a method to focus local public health interventions.
Evaluating multi-purpose syndromic surveillance systems – a complex problem
Authors: Morbey Roger , Smith Gillian , Oliver Isabel , Edeghere Obaghe , Lake Iain , Pebody Richard , Todkill Dan , McCarthy Noel , Elliot Alex
Published: January 2022

Surveillance systems need to be evaluated to understand what the system can or cannot detect. The measures commonly used to quantify detection capabilities are sensitivity, positive predictive value and timeliness. However, the practical application of these measures to multi-purpose syndromic surveillance services is complex. Specifically, it is very difficult to link definitive lists of what the service is intended to detect and what was detected.
First, we discuss issues arising from a multi-purpose system, which is designed to detect a wide range of health threats, and where individual indicators, e.g. ‘fever’, are also multi-purpose. Secondly, we discuss different methods of defining what can be detected, including historical events and simulations. Finally, we consider the additional complexity of evaluating a service which incorporates human decision-making alongside an automated detection algorithm. Understanding the complexities involved in evaluating multi-purpose systems helps design appropriate methods to describe their detection capabilities.
Monitoring Older Adult Blood Pressure Trends at Home as a Proxy for Brain Health
Authors: Cassarino Nicole , Bergstrom Blake , Johannes Christine , Gualtieri Lisa
Published: January 2022

Even when older adults monitor hypertension at home, it is difficult to understand trends and share them with their providers. MyHealthNetwork is a dashboard designed for patients and providers to monitor blood pressure readings to detect hypertension and ultimately warning signs of changes in brain health. A multidisciplinary group in a Digital Health course at Tufts University School of Medicine used Design Thinking to formulate a digital solution to promote brain health among older adults in the United States (US). Older adults (aged 65 and over) are a growing population in the US, with many having one or more chronic health conditions including hypertension. Nearly half of all American adults ages 50-64 worry about memory loss as they age and almost all (90%) wish to maintain independence and age in their homes. Given the well-studied association between hypertension and dementia, we designed a solution that would ultimately promote brain health among older adults by allowing them to measure and record their blood pressure readings at home on a regular basis. Going through each step in the Design Thinking process, we devised MyHealthNetwork, an application which connects to a smart blood pressure cuff and stores users’ blood pressure readings in a digital dashboard which will alert users if readings are outside of the normal range. The dashboard also has a physician view where users’ data can be reviewed by the physician and allow for shared treatment decisions. The authors developed a novel algorithm to visually display the blood pressure categories in the dashboard in a way straightforward enough that users with low health literacy could track and understand their blood pressure over time. Additional features of the dashboard include educational content about brain health and hypertension, a digital navigator to support users with application use and technical questions. Phase 1 in the development of our application includes a pilot study involving recruitment of Primary Care Providers with patients who are at risk of dementia to collect and monitor BP data with our prototype. Subsequent phases of development involve partnerships to provide primary users with a rewards program to promote continued use, additional connections to secondary users such as family members and expansion to capture other health metrics.
Evidências da integração produtiva entre Brasil e Argentina no contexto do MERCOSUL (1993-2019)
Authors: De Almeida Cavalcante Thiago Peixoto , Milan Marcelo , Morrone Henrique
Published: January 2022

As iniciativas de integração regional proporcionam a oportunidade de integrar as estruturas produtivas dos países envolvidos, buscando a exploração de economias de escala e atividades de maior valor agregado. Este artigo tem como objetivo mensurar o avanço da integração produtiva entre Brasil e Argentina, no sentido de averiguar se este fenômeno foi favorecido pela formação do Mercosul. A metodologia utilizada baseia-se em indicadores de participação do comércio intraindustrial e da incidência do intercâmbio de bens intermediários. Os resultados revelam crescimento limitado e movimentos instáveis dos indicadores de integração produtiva. As evidências sugerem que a contribuição de uma integração regional na promoção da integração produtiva será maior à medida que mais eficientes e sustentadas forem as políticas voltadas para esse objetivo.
Descubrimiento y modelado: la macroeconomía de las economías abiertas y otros casos
Authors: De Pablo Juan Carlos
Published: January 2022

La literatura especializada asocia la macroeconomía de corto plazo de economías abiertas con Robert Alexander Mundell y Rudiger Wilhelm Dornbusch. Sin embargo, ¿fueron ellos los primeros que se ocuparon de la cuestión? Si no lo fueron, ¿cuál fue su aporte? En este artículo se responden estas preguntas, al mismo tiempo que se abordan otros casos dentro del análisis económico.
Evaluación de las reformas que impulsan el empleo formal
Authors: Arias Karla , Torres-Olmedo Jeaneth , Carrillo-Maldonado Paul Alexander
Published: January 2022

El objetivo del presente documento es determinar el efecto de las políticas implementadas entre 2007 y 2018 para incentivar el empleo formal en el Ecuador. Para aquello, se utiliza un modelo de proyecciones locales con los datos administrativos de empleo registrado. Los resultados muestran que el empleo formal aumenta un 4% en el mediano plazo, debido a las reformas laborales. Además, se evidencia que el comportamiento agregado está guiado por el efecto en las empresas grandes. Estos resultados positivos se evidencian después del año de implementación, sugiriendo un grado de rigidez al momento de impulsar el empleo formal.
PERAN NILAI PERBANKAN DALAM MEMEDIASI PENGARUH NON PERFORMING LOAN DAN NET INTEREST MARGIN TERHADAP RETURN SAHAM PERBANKAN GO PUBLIC
Authors: Astohar Astohar , Pratiwi Sinta Ratna
Published: January 2022

Hasil penelitian terdahulu menunjukkan terjadi gap pengaruh antara non performing loan (NPL) dan net interest margin (NIM) terhadap return saham. Selain itu juga ada rekomendasi untuk membuat model penelitian factor – factor yang mempengaruhi return saham perbankan yang go public secara bertingkat (Struktural). Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah sebanyak 43 perbankan go public. Besar sampel yang digunakan sebanyak 35 bank dengan metode pengambilan sampel menggunakan purposive sampling, sehingga jumlah observasi sebanyak 210 observasi. Alat analisis yang digunakan adalah menggunakan persamaan regresi linier berganda dan sobel test (uji mediasi). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ­non performing loan (NPL) terbukti mempunyai pengaruh negative dan signifikan terhadap price book to value (PBV) dan return saham. Net interest margin (NIM) terbukti mempunyai pengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap Price book to value (PBV) dan return saham. Price to book value mampu memediasi pengaruh net interest margin (NIM) terhadap return saham perbankan yang go public di Indonesia akan tetapi tidak mampu memediasi pada variable non performing loan (NPL)