bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Bioinsecticide potential of Curcuma zedoaria rhizome essential oil
Authors: De Oliveira Herika Line Marko , Bortolucci Wanessa de Campos , Silva Eloísa Schneider , Campos Caio Franco de Araújo Almeida , Gonçalves José Eduardo , Piau Júnior Ranulfo , Linde Giani Andréa , Gazim Zilda Cristiani
Published: August 2019

In this study  the potential bioinseticide of the essential oil (OE) extracted from the rhizomes of the species Curcuma zedoaria (Zingiberaceae) was evaluated. The rhizomes were collected during dormancy (winter) and budding (summer). The EO was obtained by hydrodistillation (2h) and identified by GC/MS. In addition, a multivariate exploratory analysis was done to determine the analysis of the major compounds (PCA). The EO yield in dormancy was 0.61± 0.07 (%) and in budding 0.55 ± 0.08 (%). The bioassays on Aedes aegypti larvae and pupae were done by immersion test at different EO concentrations which ranged from 500.00 to 0.003 mg mL-1 (v/v). The results on the larvae and pupae indicated LC99.9 of (0.01 and 1.38 mg mL-1) for EO in dormancy, and (0.08 and 2.63 mg mL-1) for EO during budding, respectively. The action mechanism of EOs in both periods was determined by autobiographic method evaluating the inhibitory potential on the acetylcholinesterase enzyme, indicating greater inhibition of the EO enzyme during dormancy (0.039 mg mL-1) when compared to the EO during budding (0.156 mg mL-1). The projection representation of the EO chemical classes in both evaluated periods indicated that oxygenated sesquiterpenes are the major compound class (46.99% in dormancy) and (43.59% in budding). The projection of major chemical compounds of EOs presented three compounds with greater mass flow distancing: epicurzerenone (18.20% and 12.10%); 1.8 cineole (15.76% and 12.10%) and β-elemene (4.43 and 0.01%) that are found in greater amounts in the dormancy EO when compared to budding, respectively. These results corroborate with the greater potential on Ae. aegypti larvae and pupae found for the dormancy EO. The results are promising because they show in which vegetative cycle phase C. zedoaria EO presents greater bioinsecticide potential.
Yacon production at different planting seasons and growing environments
Authors: Natal da Silva Diego Mathias , De Oliveira Fábio Luiz , Quaresma Mateus Augusto Lima , Erlacher Wellington Abeldt , Mendes Tiago Pacheco
Published: August 2019

Yacon is a functional food with great potential for horticultural exploitation and its cultivation demands the generation of agronomic information. To address these needs, this study was performed to evaluate the production of yacon planted in different planting seasons under two growing conditions in Brazil. The experiments were conducted in two different locations, one in the mountain region (tropical microclimate at altitude with milder temperatures) and the other in the lowland region (warm tropical microclimate with higher temperatures). At both sites, yacon was planted in four seasons: autumn (April), winter (July), spring (September) and summer (December). At harvest, the tuberous roots were evaluated for leaf area index and the variables of vegetative development and productivity of plants (for total and standard commercial roots). It was concluded that yacon cultivation in mountain conditions (tropical climate with milder temperature) promotes the development and production of yacon. Additionally, planting in the autumn for both growing conditions (mountain or lowland) promotes the development and production of yacon, including increased production of roots of better commercial grade, allowing greater economic profitability. These results indicate that temperature has an influence on the growth and yield of the tuberous roots of yacon, and milder temperatures were more favourable.
Adaptability and stability of cowpea genotypes via REML/BLUP and GGE BIPLOT
Authors: Abreu Hadassa Kathyuci Antunes de , Ceccon Gessi , Correa Agenor Martinho , Fachinelli Ricardo , Yamamoto Euriann Lopes Marques , Teodoro Paulo Eduardo
Published: August 2019

Several methodologies have been proposed in order to measure the influence that genotype-by-environment interaction exerts on the various characters of interest. The mixed models using REML/BLUP and GGE Biplot have been mentioned as advantageous to identify superior genotypes. The use of environmental information can be useful to find the factors that are in the real difference between the genotypes. The objective of this study was to compare statistical methodologies for the adaptability and stability analysis of cowpea genotypes in value for cultivation and use testings. The experiments were carried out from March to July 2016 and 2017, in the municipalities of Dourados and Aquidauana.  A randomized complete block design was used, with 14 genotypes and four replicates, 12 advanced lines and two commercial cultivars. After detecting significant genotype-by-environment interaction, the adaptability and phenotypic stability of cowpea genotypes were analyzed by the GGE Biplot and REML/BLUP. Both methodologies were concordant in the identification of the best cowpea genotypes for the State of Mato Grosso do Sul. The genotypes 6 (Pingo-de-ouro 1-5-4), 10 (Pingo-de-ouro 1-5-10) and 8 (Pingo-de-ouro 1-5-7) are the most suitable to be grown in the State, because they have gathered high grain yield, adaptability and stability.
Physical and chemical properties of an oxisol after maize cropping on rotation with leguminous plants
Authors: Rosa Danielle Medina , Nóbrega Lúcia Helena Pereira , Mauli Márcia Maria , Lima Gislaine Piccolo de , Spiassi Ariane , Meneguetti Adriana Maria
Published: August 2019

Crop rotation has been a daily management to ensure viability of no-tillage system; however, it is few accepted and practiced by farmers. Thus, this study aims to establish a crop rotation scheme in soil quality. Consequently, cover crops of dwarf mucuna, pigeon pea dwarf, sun hemp and maize were cropped in 2010 under no-tillage system. Soil properties were determined prior their beginning, after the management of cover crops and maize harvest. Results were submitted to ANOVA and averages were compared. The macroporosity and total porosity answered to the adopted management with some variation. So, cover crops need much time to express their potential, mainly related to the physical characteristics of the studied soil. Chemical properties are susceptible to this management since higher changes were observed after management with cover crops. This crop rotation in a long term may allow the maintenance of soil quality because it avoids losses of nutrients and carbon.
Effects of phosphate, carbonate, and silicate anions on CO2 emission in a typical oxisol from cerrado region
Authors: Borges Camila Silva , Ribeiro Bruno Teixeira , Costa Enio Tarso de Souza , Curi Nilton , Wendling Beno
Published: August 2019

The effects of agricultural practices on greenhouse gases emissions (e.g. CO2) at the soil-atmosphere interface have been highlighted worldwide. The use of ground limestone has been considered as the main responsible for CO2 emission from soils. However, liming is need as conditioner of acidic soils and the CO2 emission can be compensated due to carbon sequestration by plants. This study simulated under laboratory conditions the effects of two common agricultural practices in Brazil (P-fertilization and liming) on soil CO2 emission. Columns made of PVC tubes containing 1 kg of a typical Dystrophic Red Latosol from Cerrado region were incubated with CaCO3 (simulating liming), CaSiO3 (simulating slag), and different doses of KH2PO4 (simulating P-fertilization). The soil columns were moistened to reach the field capacity (0.30 cm3 cm-3) and, during 36 days, CO2 emissions at the soil surface were measured using a portable Licor LI-8100 analyzer coupled to a dynamic chamber. The results showed that CO2 emission was influenced by phosphate, carbonate, and silicate anions. When using CaSiO3, accumulated CO2 emission (36-day period) was 20% lower if compared to the use of CaCO3. The same amount of phosphate and liming (Ca-carbonate or Ca-silicate) added to the soil provided the same amount of CO2 emission. At the same P dose, as Si increased the CO2 emission increased. The highest CO2 emission was observed when the soil was amended with the highest phosphate and silicate doses. Based on this experiment, we could oppose the claim that the use of limestone is a major villain for CO2 emission. Also, we have shown that other practices, such as fertilization using P + CaSiO3, contributed to a higher CO2 emission. Indeed, it is important to emphasize that the best practices of soil fertility management will undoubtedly contribute to the growth of crops and carbon sequestration.
Screening and optimization of arsenic degrading bacteria and their potential role in heavy metal bioremediation
Authors: Iqtedar Mehwish , Aftab Farah , Asim Rabab , Abdullah Roheena , Kaleem Afshan , Saleem Faiza , Aehtisham Ayesha
Published: August 2019

Industrialization has added extremely toxic metalloid arsenic into the environment which at high concentration severely threatens the biota. Naturally, some microbes possess the ability to bio-accumulate metals and also to transform arsenite (As III) a toxic form to a non-toxic arsenate As V. The present study aimed to isolate arsenic resistant bacterias from the arsenic contaminated soil and water. Among eleven bacterial isolates, three FAs 1, 4 and 9 exhibited tolerance against sodium arsenite at 100mM concentration by achieving growth of 7.48×109,1.57×109 and 2.23×109 C.F.U./ml, respectively. Optimization at different conditions such as temperature, pH and arsenic concentration revealed high arsenic tolerance from isolate FAs 4 (5.33×108) at 37°C and FAs 1 (4.43×108 C.F.U./ml) at pH 7. Arsenic resistance at optimum conditions for the bacterial strains FAs 1, FAs 4 and FAs 9 showed maximum growth at 80mM concentration of arsenite. These bacterial isolates did not show redox ability to oxidize arsenite As III to arsenate As V. However bacterial isolates FAs 1, FAs 4 and FAs 9 were able to accumulate arsenic 39.16, 148 and 125 µg/L on the 4th, 3rd and 5th day of incubation, respectively. The isolates FAs 1, FAs 4 and FAs 9 were identified as Gram negative non endospore forming rods. In future, these novel isolates possess a great potential in biotechnology field, as bioremediation of arsenic contaminated soil and water can be done by employing arsenic accumulating bacteria which is an eco-friendly and cost effective method.
The chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane assay as a model for the study of angiogenesis
Authors: Do Prado Angélida Daiane Lemos , Bailão Elisa Flávia Luiz Cardoso , Nabout João Carlos , Rabachini Tatiana , Melo Reis Paulo Roberto de , Gonçalves Pablo José , Almeida Luciane Madureira
Published: August 2019

Angiogenesis is a fundamental physiological process with strong implications in tissue homeostasis. Animal models helping to identify how angiogenesis is regulated are fundamental to answer many biological questions. Chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay is one of the most employed methods to study angiogenesis. In this study we applied a scientometric approach to evaluate the employment of CAM assay in published articles. Temporal trends indicated that CAM assay was the preferred method to investigate angiogenesis over time. The publications had a significant number of citations and the impact factor of journals publishing articles is relevant for the scientific community. A total of 52 different research areas have articles published using this particular technique. Oncology is the research field in which CAM assay was mostly used. Accordingly, tumor-derived cell lines were the most frequent sample tested on CAM. We also identified that 73,6% of articles published used only CAM assay to answer questions concerning angiogenesis. We concluded that although the CAM assay is a classical approach, that does not need so much infrastructure and financial support to be performed, it is a well-accepted technique by the scientific community. In addition, this methodology has gain attention in scientific community because no pain is experienced by the chick and they are minor ethical concerns to employ this method. Moreover, this data can help researchers who are unfamiliar with the CAM assay to identify if this particular method is suitable for their research.
Efficacy of green onion root extract in cosmetics and skin care products
Authors: Chen Li Hsien , Chen I Chia , Chen Pei Yen , Huang Ping Hsin
Published: August 2019

In this study, leftover roots of Sansing green onions grown without toxic chemicals in Sansing Township, Ilan County, Taiwan were used as a raw material of skincare products. The raw material was extracted from the green onion roots by ultrasound in a low-temperature, safe and pollution-free environment. We hope to develop cleansers and other facial care products made of this natural, environmentally friendly, safe and affordable raw material so that people with sensitive skin can also use these products. We also hope that this study can contribute to circular economy and achieve the goal of green innovation by recycling the leftover roots. In terms of anti-oxidation, the DPPH free radical scavenging ability of 2.5 mg/mL green onion root extract was equivalent to 98% of that of 1 mg/mL BHT; the Fe2+ chelating ability was equivalent to 87.0% of that of 0.02 mg/mL EDTA; the superoxide anions scavenging ability of 2.5 mg/mL green onion root extract was equivalent to 84.2% of that of 1 mg/mL BHT and 80.4% of that of 0.05 mg/mL vitamin C. With respect to melanin synthesis inhibition, the green onion root extract's ability to inhibit dopachrome, the intermediate product of melanin, was positively correlated to its concentration, i.e., the higher the concentration of the green onion root extract, the better the inhibition ability. The IC50 of green onion root extract was 1.83 mg/mL, while, for comparison, the IC50 of vitamin C was 0.62 mg/mL. Furthermore, according to the cell survival assay, no obvious cytotoxic effect was found with the increase in the concentration of the green onion root extract. The whitening effect improved after 30 days of test. The improvement rate was 5.6% for 2.5 mg/mL green onion root extract, 3.1% for 1.25 mg/mL extract, and 1.7% for 0.625 mg/mL extract. The moisture retention also improved after 30 days of test. The moisture retention improvement rate was 22.7% for 2.5 mg/mL green onion root extract, 21.6% for 1.25 mg/mL extract, and 15.4% for 0.625 mg/mL extract. Based on the experiments, the green onion root extract obtained from ultrasound not only did not cause skin allergy and irritation but also showed anti-aging, melanin synthesis inhibition, whitening and moisture retention effects. The results showed that the green onion root extract can improve the moisture retention and whitening effect of the mask.
Influência Política nas Decisões do Supremo Tribunal Federal
Authors: Silva Juvêncio Borges , Morato da Silva Pereira Fernanda
Published: August 2019

A presente pesquisa analisa a influência política nas decisões do Supremo Tribunal Federal, particularmente o cumprimento da Constituição Federal e seus ideais principiológicos pela Corte Suprema e sua atuação contramajoritária e representativa. Nesse sentido, questiona a interpretação aberta da Constituição no que se refere “poder” ou “dever” conferido ao órgão. Pretende-se elucidar a separação dos poderes e a crise política instalada no país, de maneira a suscitar a judicilialização e o ativismo judicial, este último como instrumento do judiciário para legislar em favor/contra determinada questão política. Orienta-se pelo método hipotético-dedutivo, lastreado em livros, artigos científicos e publicações em sites institucionais, referenciada pela teoria sistêmica de Niklas Luhmann. Ao cabo, conclui-se que a separação dos poderes, a observância dos códigos que orientam o direito e a política e o equilíbrio de atuação de cada um são indispensáveis para manutenção da República. O modelo ideal não estará em nenhum dos dois extremos, nenhuma ou total influência política. O direito deve ser autônomo à política, pois essa autonomia é essencial para a subsistência do conceito de Estado de direito e para a confiança da sociedade nas instituições judiciais.
Greve e seus sentidos Político e Jurídico
Authors: Rebêlo Felipe Cesar
Published: August 2019

A greve é reconhecida como um instituto em constante evolução, representativo dos direitos sociais. Passa por uma evolução constante, de acordo com as demandas que surgem historicamente. Nesse ponto, se averigua como o instituto jurídico é construído, bem como a forma que sua feição política pode desenvolver. A compreensão da doutrina e da jurisprudência se faz necessária, em consonância as determinações legais, bem como ao espírito social que move multidões, em expressão de uma ação social que necessita ser revisitada considerando cânones mais profundos, e do próprio direito e da constituição do Estado, como forma de legitimação da estrutura institucional em que a sociedade pode se formatar. A forma de concretização das demandas sociais, à luz de uma preocupação que se compactue com a luta de classes no ambiente capitalista, em que o direito é analisado como instrumentalização dessa constante social, merece ponderação na análise contemplada.
Discriminação e Diferenciação de Preços nas Relações de Consumo
Authors: Bergstein Lais , Della Tonia Trautwein José Roberto
Published: August 2019

O presente trabalho distingue a diferenciação de preços da discriminação dos consumidores. A partir dessa distinção, são abordadas as possibilidades e as vedações legais de diferenciação de preços ao consumidor pelo mesmo item no Brasil. Na primeira parte apresentam-se as inovações legislativas relativas à diferenciação de preços ao consumidor conforme a modalidade de pagamento a ser adotada. A seguir, analisam-se algumas práticas comercias de diferenciação de preços vedadas pela lei. A partir da análise de dispositivos da Constituição da República, do Código de Defesa do Consumidor e da legislação vigente demonstra-se a necessidade e a relevância de se atentar à vedação de discriminação dos consumidores.
Especialização funcional do Direito Comercial
Authors: Lipp Pinto Basto Lupi André
Published: August 2019

O trabalho tem por objeto a análise de estruturas argumentativas empregadas em matérias de Direito Empresarial mas construídas a partir de repertórios de outras áreas do Direito. O problema a ser analisado é avaliar o uso de tais recursos em face da função social da dogmática jurídica comercialista. Como marcos teóricos, o trabalho vale-se de insumos da teoria dos sistemas e da tópica jurídica.  A metodologia consiste em explanação das premissas teóricas da análise, a exposição de exemplos da jurisprudência e as conclusões acerca da referida problemática, que apontam para certa restrição ao emprego do gênero de argumentos analisado.
Normative community pressure in brand community: a study of young entrepreneurs community of mandiri bank
Authors: Lindiawati Lindiawati , Usman Indrianawati , Astuti Sri Wahyuni
Published: August 2019

Brand community has been extensively built and developed by either the companies or the customers voluntarily. These two gorups with different perspective hold different purposes. For the companies, brand community is considered an effective marketing strategy which is expected to achieve customer brand engagement. Anyhow, often companies focus more on the purposes of the brand community, but do not be quite aware of the policies, rules, or traditions firstly created as norms in order to lead the way the community members perceive and act. Often norms become pressures for the brand community members causing them reluctant to engage with he community. Referring to the theory of relationship marketing, this study develops a model of normative community pressure that is affected by both brand community identification and inter-member relationship quality, that are previously affected by brand relationship quality. The empirical analysis derives primary data of young entrepreneurship community created by one of the big five banks in Indonesia quantitatively analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling (Warp-PLS). The result helps explain the antecedents causing normative community pressure of the brand community. The implication of this study is that communitfy setter should regularly identify and analyze rules or practices within the community that might be potential barrier for the members in building engagement with the community.
Usage of e Journals in University of North Bengal under INFLIBNET (2012 2018) analysis with INFISTATS
Authors: Esh Manash
Published: August 2019

INFLIBNET under its e-Shodhsindhu consortium scheme has introduced the users of University of North Bengal with the e-Journal facility. The e-journal facility provided under INFLIBNET has brought another opportunity for university libraries to serve their users with high-quality content. This change needs to be further evaluated to identify the actual usage picture. The paper identifies the trend in the use of e-journal facilities during 2012-2018 with the help of INFISTATS (usage statistics portal for e-Resource). This has determined the period of optimal use of e-journal, which shows the popularity of e-Journals in the university. It identifies the year in which the maximum and minimum use of e-Journals is found, and J-STOR & Science Direct has the maximum use percentage (55 percent). The study also found that seven e-Journals had the highest percentage of use (91 percent) indicating the extensive use of e-journal facilities by the user community of the University of North Bengal.
Social Tags Versus LCSH Descriptors a Comparative Metadata Analysis in the Field of Economics
Authors: Samanta Kalyan Sundar , Rath Durga Sankar
Published: August 2019

The concept of ‘social tagging’ has gained popularity nowadays due to the emergence of web 2.0 technologies. Those technologies led to the practice of associating metadata with digital resources among users through collaboratively or socially for self-information retrieval. Many researchers have opined that social tags can enhance the use of library collections. The present study was predominantly carried out to compare social tags collected from the LibraryThing website with Library of Congress Subject Heading (LCSH) descriptors collected from the Library of Congress Online Catalogue applied for thousand book titles in the field of Economics. The study also aimed to know whether social tags can be applied in the library database or not. The findings elucidate that users mostly use descriptors (47.39 %) as tags than expert’s usage of tags (12.77 %) as descriptors. Spearman’s correlation suggests that 75 per cent chance where tags and descriptors can be used simultaneously in overlapping terms. The Jaccard similarity coefficient identifies that users and experts use different terminologies to annotate the books. Users and experts use at least one common keyword for major book titles (908). Users mostly sought title based keywords but experts use mostly subject-based terminologies. The study further clarifies that social tags may be incorporated into the library databases but cannot replace LCSHs. The accessibility and usage of documents especially in the field of economics may be enhanced once the notion of social tags is incorporated with the library OPAC.
Scientometric Visualisation of the Documentary Array on Semipalatinsk Nuclear Test Site
Authors: Rykova Valentina V , Busygina Tatiana Vladimirovna
Published: August 2019

The article presents the analysis of a documentary array on Semipalatinsk nuclear test site using analytical services of the Web of Science database. It identifies the authors, organisations, countries, leading in the publications number at the research field. Shows the journals in which articles on the studied problem are published most frequently. Enumerates scientific meetings where the problems of Semipalatinsk test site were discussed and identifies the most cited publications. Using CiteSpace software, the paper reveals and visualises research fronts and its intellectual bases by means clustering and cluster automated labelling of Semipalatinsk test site papers co-citation network. Document co-citation network and research clusters are revealed using CiteSpace software. It shows, that studies are related to research of medical and biological (genetic changes, diseases as a result of ionizing radiation) effects of nuclear tests and its effects on the environmental situation (degree of contamination of the territory); the effectiveness of various dosimetry methods to determine the degree of radiation exposure on living organisms and objects of inanimate nature. The work represents scientometric visualisation of the documentary array showing research trends on Semipalatinsk nuclear test site.
Status and Impact of Social Media and Networking Sites on Students of College of Medicine Nursing and Health Sciences
Authors: Naqvi Tanveer Haider
Published: August 2019

The present study investigated the status and impact of social media and networking sites on College of Medicine Nursing and Health Sciences’ students of Fiji National University, Fiji. Likert scale was used in the questionnaire. The collected data from 516 (86.00 per cent) usable questionnaires was tabulated and analysed using statistical tools and techniques. The findings showed that the majority of students participated in and satisfied with high usage of Facebook, YouTube, and Instagram accessed through laptops and PCs on daily and weekly basis. The students made their profiles visible only for the well-known people and comforted with notorious postings. The positive impacts as communication with family and friends, participation in networking activities, and involvement in social activities, as well as negative impacts as discontinuation to the sites for misusing their information, distraction from research/assignments/careers activities, continue if the account is hacked, no review of privacy settings for controlling notorious postings, and consume too much time were identified as the utmost effects of social media and SNSs. This study provides opportunity to higher management to review the social software for the benefit of Fiji National University and to carry out future related studies especially in Fiji.
Effect of Critical Thinking on Cognitive Enhancement
Authors: Kaur Gurpreet , Awasthy Soumi , Syed Usama Ghayas
Published: August 2019

Cognitive abilities refer to brain based skills that are required to carry out any task ranging from the simplest to the most complex. Since these skills play a significant role in our day to day activities, efforts are being made by researchers for their further enhancement. The objective of the present study was to investigate if these abilities can be enhanced through a training module on critical thinking. Critical thinking involves something more than cognitive skills. Critical thinking is not static but a constantly evolving process and even more crucial in a military environment. This study consists of certain activities which are designed in such a manner that the solution of it can be generated through critical thinking. These activities were administered on 36 participants (20 male, 16 female). Each Participant’s baseline cognitive performance was assessed after which training was given to them in the form of different critical thinking activities followed by post assessment of cognitive abilities. Paired sample t - test was used which showed that There was a significant difference in the cognitive performance post critical thinking activities.
Physico Chemical and Microbial Analysis of Different Sources of Water collected from Indora, Himachal Pradesh, India
Authors: Bhardwaj Shivali , Giri Arup
Published: August 2019

Life could not be imagining without the presence of water on this earth. An ecosystem is very dependent on the quality of water. Regular water quality monitoring is very essential of a region. In the study area, no study has been yet done on the quality of drinking water and productivity level of Beas river near Arni University, Himachal Pradesh, India. The main aim of this study was to determine the water quality of three different sources of water like hand pump water, tap water, and Beas river water. For this, we have collected total twenty-six samples in the month of May 2018 and analysed for pH, TDS, EC, DO, alkalinity, phenolphthalein alkalinity, total hardness, calcium hardness, chloride, sulfate, phosphate, nitrate, carbonate, bicarbonate, E. coli, and productivity level by standard methods. The entire analysed parameters showed the lower level than the permissible guideline of the WHO except for the presence of E. coli and higher level of alkalinity. The productivity level of Beas river was indicating that trophic index belonged to the ultra-oligotrophic. From the findings, it might be concluded that hand pump water, tap water, and Beas river water was drinkable except the presence of E. coli and higher level of alkalinity in tap water and river water. However, in the case of the productivity level of Beas river was indicating the very low accumulation of dissolved nutrient salts, and a lower rate of algae growth as the productivity level belonged to the ultra-oligotrophic. Further extensive study on the water minerals and heavy metals level in all the water sources are required in this study area.
Interaction of Radiofrequency Radiation with Biological Systems A Comprehensive Update on Recent Challenges
Authors: Verma Saurabh , Gupta Asheesh , Kumar Bhuvnesh
Published: August 2019

Rapid advancement of radiofrequency (RF)-driven technologies has greatly affected our everyday lives. Increasing evidence led by in-vitro, in-vivo studies, epidemiological and clinical trials indicates that RF interacts considerably well with biological systems in various ways depending on different exposure parameters and properties of biological materials. Besides their innumerable benefits in different sectors of commercial and military fields, they can induce alterations in many physiological functions of the body, which may culminate into adverse human health consequences. The present article explicitly addresses the RF-based technologies and their applications, fundamentals of RF energy interaction with biological systems, exposure parameters, and dosimetry studies along with thermal and non-thermal effects on different vital organs at molecular and cellular levels. Further, this article outlines the limitations of RF-induced biological effect studies, status of risk assessment, safety levels and its future perspectives.
Macro micronutrients and Antioxidant Potentials of Plants and Fungal based Food from Tawang Area Arunachal Pradesh India
Authors: Rajendran Chellaiah , Praveena M , . Mallesha , Rashmi V , Anilakumar K R
Published: August 2019

Certain variety of plants such as vegetables, spices and seaweed are abundantly being grown in high altitude cold desert region of Tawang in Arunachal Pradesh, India. Therefore, five different vegetables, spices and seaweed were taken from that particular cold region viz., finger millet, nori seaweed, pepper corn, bean and mushroom have been selected based on the higher consumption of people of Northeast (NE) India for the proximate analysis, mineral, antioxidant and vitamin contents. So far, there is no nutritional composition studies have been carried out with available vegetables, spices and seaweeds growing in NE. For this reason, this study was undertaken to determine the macro and micro nutrients and antioxidant potential of these plant foods. Different analyzed varieties were significantly different for proximate composition and mineral content, and each variety showed significant differences. Common bean showed higher percentage of protein with 35.09% and fat percentage of the finger millet is higher (9.2%) as compared to other varieties from other regions (1-1.5%). Higher crude fibre was assessed in mushroom with 47.77% followed with pepper corn (38.42%), bean with 30.987%, and finger millet (5.14%).Calcium was higher in finger millet with 225 mg per 100g whereas iron content was higher in mushroom with 652 mg followed with beans (543 mg), pepper corn (408 mg per 100g). Higher amount of polyphenols observed in finger millet with 8.716 µg (GAE)/mg and highest total flavonoids in pepper corn with 48.196 µg (RU)/ml. Likewise, highest FRAP in finger millet noticed with 72.0 µg of FeSO4 equivalent /mg and reducing power (ascorbic acid equivalent /mg) in mushroom (244.0) and pepper corn (242.0). All samples had higher metal chelating activity between 86.657- 83.383 IC50 µg. Similarly, higher amount of vit B6 was noted in pepper corn with 197.0 mg while lowest in seaweed with 1.76 mg/100gm.
Simultaneous Sachharification and Fermentation of Rice Residues and its Comparative Analysis for Bioethanol Production
Authors: Sinha G , Tiwari S , Jadhav S K
Published: August 2019

Energy consumption has inflated steadily over the last century because the world population has fully grown and additional countries became industrialised. Bioethanol is an alcohol produced by fermentation of plant biomass, containing carbohydrate and its production depends upon feedstock availability, variability, and sustainability. The selection of feedstock and its pretreatment is an important part of bioethanol production process. In present work, the exploration of the potential of agro-waste rice residues such as, rice bran and rice husk was done, because it contains sufficient amount of carbohydrate which can be ferment into bioethanol. The aim of the research was also to investigate how different pretreatment methods with moderate conditions differ in hydrolysis and fermentation efficiencies. Pretreatment plays an important role in the hydrolysis of cellulose and lignocellulose. It was found that biological pretreatment was a most effective method in terms of production of bioethanol and it enhances the production as well as fermentation efficiency.
Graceful Degradation An Airborne Surveillance Radar Perspective
Authors: Ramachandran Rajesh , Sharma Reena , Varughese Suma
Published: August 2019

Active electronically scanned antenna (AESA)-based radars imbibe the desirable feature of ‘graceful degradation’. Such radars use miniaturised transmit-receive (TR) modules and a failure of few modules does not lead to failure of the mission. For example, in AESA-based ground MTI radar, failure of a few modules does not affect the array performance. In such a case, the static ground clutter is centred on zero frequency does not have a motion dependent Doppler spread. However, in airborne AESA radars, the ground clutter has an angle dependent Doppler frequency due to the platform motion and clutter leaking in through antenna side-lobes. Hence, the antenna side lobe levels dictate the side lobe clutter against which target detection is to be performed. The detection performance is governed by the signal to interference plus noise ratio (SINR). For Airborne surveillance radar the effect of random and systematic failures of TR modules and their effect on SINR is characterised. It is shown that single channel processing does not effectively provide the graceful degradation feature as the SINR loss due to failures is significant. However, the effect of systematic failure on SINR loss is less as compared to random failures. An effective scheme for feeding the array is also proposed.
Energy Conservation Method Combining Anti spray Rail and Wedge Flap for High speed Displacement Hulls
Authors: Joseph Lijo , Rakesh N Naga Venkata , Subramanian V Anantha
Published: August 2019

The hydrodynamic mechanism and parametric influences of the wedge flap and the anti-spray rail in combination is investigates. A methodology with specific guidelines for incorporating these appendages with significant drag reduction is provided. Small crafts designs frequently require interventional changes to realise the desired guaranteed speed with their installed engine power. The appendages namely, the wedge, flap and anti-spray rails are used as retrofit measures or adapted in new hull forms, in isolation or in combination, to improve the drag and bring down the power requirement. A judicious combination of different appendages can result in significantly reduced drag and therefore power saving. The methodology combines the results of numerical and experimental investigations. The systematic study identifies the parameters for control namely, wedge flap size in terms of the chord length, its orientation vide the angle of the wedge flap, and the anti-spray rail location with respect to the water surface. The choice of the size of the wedge flap is a constrained problem since excessive wedge flap can cause problems related to length and hydrodynamic loading. This study establishes a solution by combination of a minimum integrated wedge flap with properly located anti-spray rail to reduce the drag. The study shows favourable influences due to local pressure and numerical results using a RANSE solver show good comparison with experimental test results. The methodology is a new approach towards drag reduction in new designs as well as drag control by retrofit.
Standoff Detection and Identification of Explosives and Hazardous Chemicals in Simulated Real Field Scenario using Time Gated Raman Spectroscopy
Authors: Gulati Kamal Kumar , Gulia Sanjay , Gambhir Tanvi , Kumar Nitesh , Gambhir Vijayeta , Reedy Martha Narsi
Published: August 2019

The detection of hazardous chemicals, explosives, improvised explosive materials, energetic materials and their associated compounds for security screening, forensic applications and detection of unexploded ordnance is an active area of research. The results based on comprehensive experimental study and performance of time gated Raman spectroscopy (TGRS) for stand-off detection of explosives and hazardous chemicals under realistic scenario are presented. Representative results drawn from the experimental study for detection of explosives and hazardous chemicals in simulated real field scenario are given.
Optimal Operating Depth Search for Active Towed Array Sonar using Simulated Annealing
Authors: An Sangkyum , Lee Keunhwa , Seong Woojae
Published: August 2019

In an active towed array sonar, it is important to find the optimal operation depth. Generally, the optimal depth can be chosen via numerical simulations for all sonar depths and this imposes great burdens of time and cost.In this paper, an efficient approach is proposed to find the optimal depth using the optimisation technique. First, the sonar performance function is newly defined as a measure of how well the active sonar might perform. This function depends on the properties of the ocean environment and the positions of sonar and underwater target. Then, the simulated annealing to find an optimal solution for maximising sonar performance is used. The optimised depth agrees well with the depth obtained from direct searching for all depths of source and receiver combinations, but its computational time is largely reduced.
On the supremal version of the Alt–Caffarelli minimization problem
Authors: Crasta Graziano , Fragalà Ilaria
Published: August 2019

This is a companion paper to our recent work
[Bernoulli free boundary problem for the infinity Laplacian, preprint 2018, https://arxiv.org/abs/1804.08573].
Here we consider its variational side, which corresponds to the supremal version of the Alt–Caffarelli minimization problem.
Sharp conditions of global existence for nonlinear Schrödinger equation with a harmonic potential
Authors: Zhang Mingyou , Ahmed Md Salik
Published: August 2019

The Cauchy problem of nonlinear Schrödinger equation with a harmonic potential for describing the attractive Bose-Einstein condensate under the magnetic trap is considered. We give some sufficient conditions of global existence and finite time blow up of solutions by introducing a family of potential wells. Some different sharp conditions for global existence, and some invariant sets of solutions are also obtained here.
Quantum singularity theory via cosection localization
Authors: Kiem Young-Hoon , Li Jun
Published: August 2019

We generalize the cosection localized Gysin map to intersection homology and
Borel–Moore homology, which provides us with a purely topological construction of the
Fan–Jarvis–Ruan–Witten invariants and some GLSM invariants.
Beilinson–Flach elements, Stark units and 𝑝-adic iterated integrals
Authors: Rivero Óscar , Rotger Victor
Published: August 2019

We study weight one specializations of the Euler system of Beilinson–Flach elements introduced by Kings, Loeffler and Zerbes, with a view towards a conjecture of Darmon, Lauder and Rotger relating logarithms of units in suitable number fields to special values of the Hida–Rankin p-adic L-function. We show that the latter conjecture follows from expected properties of Beilinson–Flach elements and prove the analogue of the main theorem of Castella and Hsieh about generalized Kato classes.
Refinement of the Chowla–Erdős method and linear independence of certain Lambert series
Authors: Duverney Daniel , Tachiya Yohei
Published: August 2019

In this paper, we refine the method
of Chowla and Erdős on the irrationality of Lambert series and study a
necessary condition for the
infinite series

∑

θ
⁢

(
n
)

/

q
n

{\sum\theta(n)/q^{n}}

to be a rational number, where q
is an integer with

|
q
|

>
1

{|q|>1}

and θ is an arithmetic function with
suitable divisibility and growth conditions. As applications of our main
theorem, we give linear independence results for various kinds of Lambert
series.
Semigroups of pathological sets
Authors: Chatyrko Vitalij A.
Published: August 2019

In this article, we demonstrate how the Vitali and Bernstein constructions together with a simple theory on semigroups and ideals of sets can be used for producing different semigroups of sets without the Baire property and/or non-measurable in the Lebesgue sense.
On equidistant lines of given line configurations
Authors: Kuwata Takayasu , Maehara Hiroshi , Martini Horst
Published: August 2019

The equidistant set of a collectionFof lines in 3-space is the set of those points whose distances to the lines inFare all equal. We present many examples and results related to the lines possibly contained in the equidistant set ofF. In particular, we determine the possible numbers of lines in the equidistant set of a collection ofnlines for everyn>0{n>0}. For example, ifn=3{n=3}, then the possible number of such lines is either 4 or 2 or 1 or 0. In a natural way, our results are connected with properties of special types of (ruled) surfaces. For example, we obtain also results on the number of lines in the intersection of quadratic surfaces.
On Kuratowski partitions in the Marczewski and Laver structures and Ellentuck topology
Authors: Frankiewicz Ryszard , Jureczko Joanna , Węglorz Bogdan
Published: August 2019

In this paper, we study the question of the existence of Kuratowski partitions in tree structures and Ellentuck topology.
On the examples of Marczewski and Laver structures and the structure of Ellentuck topology, we show that non-small sets of these structures do not admit Kuratowski partitions.
Families of symmetric Cantor sets from the category and measure viewpoints
Authors: Balcerzak Marek , Filipczak Tomasz , Nowakowski Piotr
Published: August 2019

We consider the family

𝒞
⁢
𝒮

{\mathcal{CS}}

of symmetric Cantor subsets of

[
0
,
1
]

{[0,1]}

.
Each set in

𝒞
⁢
𝒮

{\mathcal{CS}}

is uniquely determined by a sequence

a
=

(

a
n

)

{a=(a_{n})}

belonging to the Polish space

X
:
=

(
0
,
1
)

ℕ

{X\mathrel{\mathop{:}}=(0,1)^{\mathbb{N}}}

equipped with probability product measure μ.
This yields a one-to-one correspondence between sets in

𝒞
⁢
𝒮

{\mathcal{CS}}

and sequences in X.
If

𝒜
⊂

𝒞
⁢
𝒮

{\mathcal{A}\subset\mathcal{CS}}

, the corresponding subset of X is denoted by

𝒜
∗

{\mathcal{A}^{\ast}}

.
We study the subfamilies

ℋ
0

{\mathcal{H}_{0}}

,

𝒮
⁢
𝒫

{\mathcal{SP}}

and

ℳ

{\mathcal{M}}

of

𝒞
⁢
𝒮

{\mathcal{CS}}

, consisting (respectively) of sets with Haudsdorff dimension 0, and of strongly porous and microscopic sets.
We have

ℳ
⊂

ℋ
0

⊂

𝒮
⁢
𝒫

{\mathcal{M}\subset\mathcal{H}_{0}\subset\mathcal{SP}}

, and these inclusions are proper.
We prove that the sets

ℳ
∗

{\mathcal{M}^{\ast}}

,

ℋ
0
∗

{\mathcal{H}_{0}^{\ast}}

,

𝒮
⁢

𝒫
∗

{\mathcal{SP}^{\ast}}

are residual in X, and

μ
⁢

(

ℋ
0
∗

)

=
0

{\mu(\mathcal{H}_{0}^{\ast})=0}

,

μ
⁢

(

𝒮
⁢

𝒫
∗

)

=
1

{\mu(\mathcal{SP}^{\ast})=1}

.
Where is the Line? an Examination of the History of Tuberculosis Quarantine and the Due Process Issues that Arise
Authors: Frost Matthew
Published: August 2019

An examination of the due process issues that arise from quarantine in the United States, taking a look specifically at tuberculosis quarantine.
Some improved bounds on two energy-like invariants of some derived graphs
Authors: Cui Shu-Yu , Tian Gui-Xian
Published: August 2019

Given a simple graph G, its Laplacian-energy-like invariant LEL(G) and incidence energy IE(G) are the sum of square root of its all Laplacian eigenvalues and signless Laplacian eigenvalues, respectively. This paper obtains some improved bounds on LEL and IE of the 𝓡-graph and 𝓠-graph for a regular graph. Theoretical analysis indicates that these results improve some known results. In addition, some new lower bounds on LEL and IE of the line graph of a semiregular graph are also given.
S-shaped connected component of radial positive solutions for a prescribed mean curvature problem in an annular domain
Authors: Xu Man , Ma Ruyun
Published: August 2019

In this paper, we show the existence of an S-shaped connected component in the set of radial positive solutions of boundary value problem

$$\begin{array}{}
\displaystyle \left\{\,\begin{array}{}
-\text{ div}\big(\phi_N(\nabla y)\big)=\lambda a(|x|)f(y)\, \, \, \, \, \text{in}\, \, \mathcal{A},\\\frac{\partial y}{\partial \nu}=0\, \, \, \,\, \text{ on }\, \, {\it\Gamma}_1,\qquad y=0\, \, \, \, \text{ on}\, \, {\it\Gamma}_2,\\
\end{array}
\right.
\end{array} $$

where R2 ∈ (0, ∞) and R1 ∈ (0, R2) is a given constant, 𝓐 = {x ∈ ℝN : R1 < ∣x∣ < R2}, Γ1 = {x ∈ ℝN : ∣x∣ = R1}, Γ2 = {x ∈ ℝN : ∣x∣ = R2},
$\begin{array}{}
\phi_N(s)=\frac{s}{\sqrt{1-|s|^2}},
\end{array} $ s ∈ ℝN, λ is a positive parameter, a ∈ C[R1, R2], f ∈ C[0, ∞),
$\begin{array}{}
\frac{\partial y}{\partial \nu}
\end{array} $ denotes the outward normal derivative of y and ∣⋅∣ denotes the Euclidean norm in ℝN. The proof of main result is based upon bifurcation techniques.