bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Syntax Splitting = Relevance + Independence: New Postulates for Nonmonotonic Reasoning From Conditional Belief Bases
Authors: Kern-Isberner Gabriele , Beierle Christoph , Brewka Gerhard
Published: August 2020

Syntax splitting, first introduced by Parikh in 1999, is a natural and desirable property of KR systems. Syntax splitting combines two aspects: it requires that the outcome of a certain epistemic operation should only depend on relevant parts of the underlying knowledge base, where relevance is given a syntactic interpretation (relevance). It also requires that strengthening antecedents by irrelevant information should have no influence on the obtained conclusions (independence). In the context of belief revision the study of syntax splitting already proved useful and led to numerous new insights. In this paper we analyse syntax splitting in a different setting, namely nonmonotonic reasoning based on conditional knowledge bases. More precisely, we analyse inductive inference operators which, like system P, system Z, or the more recent c-inference, generate an inference relation from a conditional knowledge base. We axiomatize the two aforementioned aspects of syntax splitting, relevance and independence, as properties of such inductive inference operators. Our main results show that system P and system Z, whilst satisfying relevance, fail to satisfy independence. C-inference, in contrast, turns out to satisfy both relevance and independence and thus fully complies with syntax splitting.
Signature-Based Abduction for Expressive Description Logics
Authors: Koopmann Patrick , Del-Pinto Warren , Tourret Sophie , Schmidt Renate A.
Published: August 2020

Signature-based abduction aims at building hypotheses over a specified set of names, the signature, that explain an observation relative to some background knowledge. This type of abduction is useful for tasks such as diagnosis, where the vocab-
ulary used for observed symptoms differs from the vocabulary expected to explain those symptoms. We present the first complete method solving signature-based abduction for observations expressed in the expressive description logic ALC,
which can include TBox and ABox axioms. The method is guaranteed to compute a finite and complete set of hypotheses, and is evaluated on a set of realistic knowledge bases.
An ExpTime Upper Bound for ALC with Integers
Authors: Labai Nadia , Ortiz Magdalena , Šimkus Mantas
Published: August 2020

Concrete domains, especially those that allow to compare features with numeric values, have long been recognized as a very desirable extension of description logics (DLs), and significant efforts have been invested into adding them to usual DLs while keeping the complexity of reasoning in check. For expressive DLs and in the presence of general TBoxes, for standard reasoning tasks like consistency, the most general decidability results are for the so-called ω-admissible domains, which are required to be dense. Supporting non-dense domains for features that range over integers or natural numbers remained largely open, despite often being singled out as a highly desirable extension. The decidability of some extensions of ALC with non-dense domains has been shown, but existing results rely on powerful machinery that does not allow to infer any elementary bounds on the complexity of the problem. In this paper, we study an extension of ALC with a rich integer domain that allows for comparisons (between features, and between features and constants coded in unary), and prove that consistency can be solved using automata-theoretic techniques in single exponential time, and thus has no higher worst-case complexity than standard ALC. Our upper bounds apply to some extensions of DLs with concrete domains known from the literature, support general TBoxes, and allow for comparing values along paths of ordinary (not necessarily functional) roles.
A First-Order Logic of Limited Belief Based on Possible Worlds
Authors: Lakemeyer Gerhard , Levesque Hector J.
Published: August 2020

In a recent paper Lakemeyer and Levesque proposed a first-order logic of limited belief to characterize the beliefs of a knowledge base (\KB). Among other things, they show that their model of belief is expressive, eventually complete, and tractable. This means, roughly, that a \KB\ may consist of arbitrary first-order sentences, that any sentence which is logically entailed by the \KB\ is eventually believed, given enough reasoning effort, and that reasoning is tractable under reasonable assumptions. One downside of the proposal is that epistemic states are defined in terms of sets of clauses, possibly containing variables, giving the logic a distinct syntactic flavour compared to the more traditional possible-world semantics found in the literature on epistemic logic. In this paper we show that the same properties as above can be obtained by defining epistemic states as sets of three-valued possible worlds. This way we are able to shed new light on those properties by recasting them using the more familiar notion of truth over possible worlds.
Argument, I Choose You! Preferences and Ranking Semantics in Abstract Argumentation
Authors: Mailly Jean-Guy , Rossit Julien
Published: August 2020

Preference-based argumentation and ranking semantics are two important research topics in the computational argumentation literature. Surprisingly, no study investigates to what extent preferences over arguments and ranking semantics can interact. This paper fills the gap between the relative priorities that one can express and the evaluation of arguments individual acceptability. More precisely, we propose a natural principle that should be satisfied by a ranking semantics for Preference-based Argumentation Frameworks. We show that although existing semantics do not satisfy this desirable principle, they can be used to define new ranking semantics that exhibit the expected behavior. Finally, we discuss an application of these semantics to the modeling of human reasoning.
Independence and D-separation in Abstract Argumentation
Authors: Rienstra Tjitze , Thimm Matthias , Kersting Kristian , Shao Xiaoting
Published: August 2020

We investigate the notion of independence in abstract argumentation, i.e., the question of whether the evaluation of one set of arguments is independent of the evaluation of another set of arguments, given that we already know the status of a third set of arguments. We provide a semantic definition of this notion and develop a method to discover independencies based on transforming an argumentation framework into a DAG on which we then apply the well-known d-separation criterion. We also introduce the SCC Markov property for argumentation semantics, which generalises the Markov property from the classical acyclic case and guarantees the soundness of our approach.
DatalogMTL over the Integer Timeline
Authors: Wałęga Przemysław A. , Cuenca Grau Bernardo , Kaminski Mark , V. Kostylev Egor
Published: August 2020

We study DatalogMTL—an extension of Datalog with metric temporal operators—under integer semantics, where the temporal domain of both interpretations and temporal operators consists of integer time points only. This is in contrast to the standard semantics, which is defined over the rational timeline. DatalogMTL under integer semantics is an interesting KR language: on the one hand, one can often assume the integer timeline in applications; on the other hand, it captures prominent temporal extensions of Datalog such as Datalog1S. We show that the choice of integer semantics leads to more favourable computational properties. We first show that reasoning over integers is at most as hard as reasoning over rationals for DatalogMTL and its natural fragments. Then, we investigate fragments of DatalogMTL where adopting the integer semantics makes reasoning easier. In particular, we show that complexity drops from P-hard to NC1-complete for the propositional fragment (where all object variables are grounded), and from TC0-hard to ACC0 for the linear fragment where the past diamond operator is the only metric operator allowed in rule bodies. Thus, reasoning in such fragments is both tractable and highly parallelisable, which suggests their appropriateness for data-intensive applications.
Argumentation as a Framework for Interactive Explanations for Recommendations
Authors: Rago Antonio , Cocarascu Oana , Bechlivanidis Christos , Toni Francesca
Published: August 2020

As AI systems become ever more intertwined in our personal lives, the way in which they explain themselves to and interact with humans is an increasingly critical research area. The explanation of recommendations is thus a pivotal functionality in a user’s experience of a recommender system (RS), providing the possibility of enhancing many of its desirable features in addition to its effectiveness (accuracy wrt users’ preferences). For an RS that we prove empirically is effective, we show how argumentative abstractions underpinning recommendations can provide the structural scaffolding for (different types of) interactive explanations (IEs), i.e. explanations supporting interactions with users. We prove formally that these IEs empower feedback mechanisms that guarantee that recommendations will improve with time, hence rendering the RS scrutable. Finally, we prove experimentally that the various forms of IE (tabular, textual and conversational) induce trust in the recommendations and provide a high degree of transparency in the RS’s functionality.
Ontology-guided Semantic Composition for Zero-shot Learning
Authors: Chen Jiaoyan , Lécué Freddy , Geng Yuxia , Pan Jeff Z. , Chen Huajun
Published: August 2020

Zero-shot learning (ZSL) is a popular research problem that aims at predicting for those classes that have never appeared in the training stage by utilizing the inter-class relationship with some side information. In this study, we propose to model the compositional and expressive semantics of class labels by an OWL (Web Ontology Language) ontology, and further develop a new ZSL framework with ontology embedding. The effectiveness has been verified by some primary experiments on animal image classification and visual question answering.
Perspectiva sobre las etapas del desarrollo industrial y del deporte
Authors: Vargas Olarte Carlos Eduardo
Published: August 2020

El artículo presenta una síntesis de la correspondencia de las etapas del desarrollo industrial y del deporte conservando el paralelo de los dos hechos, o su inherencia mutua durante cada una de las etapas que han conducido a la cuarta revolución industrial, Industria 4.0, y en consecuencia al desarrollo del Deporte 4.0. Metodológicamente, el autor se apoya en la hermenéutica Interpretativo-comprensiva bajo el soporte de la teoría de los Sistemas Sociales. Como principal conclusión se menciona que, en la medida que avanzan y se desarrollan -en correspondencia histórica- las etapas de desarrollo de la Industria, como hecho socioeconómico, sociopolítico y socio-tecnológico, consecuencialmente en el deporte surgen nuevas prácticas, técnicas corporales, formas de organización, comprensión del rendimiento y nuevas perspectivas teóricas adecuadas al espíritu de los tiempos, su diferenciación y complejidad. El deporte no está exento de estar influenciado por esta realidad y sus contextos. Estudiarla e investigarla remite a recurrir a soportes teórico-científicos para observar, interpretar, comprender, investigar, orientar tanto su enseñanza como la gestión diferenciada en el Siglo XXI (Modelos de Deporte).
Dessins de mineurs migrants isolés en situation d’évaluation: une échappée iconique en terre soupçonneuse
Authors: Paté Noémie
Published: August 2020

Introduction: Cet article s’inscrit dans une étude doctorale plus large portant sur les mineurs migrants isolés en situation d’évaluation de leur minorité et de leur isolement. Ce travail sociologique apporte des éléments de compréhension concernant le dispositif et les acteurs associatifs, juridiques et administratifs en jeu, mais également les phénomènes d’adaptation et de négociation de ces jeunes migrants en contexte de transit, de jugement et de sanction (qui peut durer de quelques jours à quelques mois). Le principal objectif de cet article est d’interroger la perception qu’ont les mineurs migrants de cette situation en s’appuyant sur un objet d’analyse particulier: le dessin d’enfant. Cette étude s’appuie sur les outils d’analyse de la sociologie visuelle.Méthode: Il s’agit d’une recherche ethnographique, organisée en différentes étapes, entre 2013 et 2016. La première étape –qui dura onze mois– a été réalisée au sein d’un pôle d’évaluation et d’orientation des mineurs isolés étrangers géré par une association française, en région parisienne. Les instruments de recherche adoptés ont été le recueil de récits administratifs, des entretiens ethnographiques semi-directifs et l’observation participante.Résultats: L’étude a permis la récolte d’un corpus de 57 dessins. La grande majorité des dessinateurs sont des jeunes garçons, âgés de 7 à 17 ans. 80% des jeunes migrants mis à l’abri et évalués par le pôle sont originaires d’Afrique de l’Ouest. Ces dessins sont réalisés dans l’attente de l’évaluation et/ou de la décision du Parquet ou du Juge des enfants. La réalisation graphique est laissée entièrement libre, sans thème imposé. On y retrouve les thèmes classiques des dessins d’enfants, mais également des thèmes davantage en lien avec la migration.Discussion ou Conclusion: Les psychologues, pédopsychiatres et historiens ont déjà adopté le dessin d’enfant comme objet d’étude. Mais qu’en est-il des sociologues? En quoi le dessin de l’enfant migrant peut-il nous permettre de connaître l’enfant en partant de lui-même, et de sa propre façon de se représenter –et d’exprimer– son expérience migratoire et son arrivée dans une nouvelle société? Au cœur de cet énième moment de transit qu’est la période d’évaluation, ces jeunes migrants doivent apporter des éléments de «preuve» de leur minorité et de leur isolement, ce qui se traduit par une injonction institutionnelle à se dire, à se rendre visible. Dans ce contexte, ces dessins, nouvelle ressource pour l’enfant comme pour le chercheur, nous parlent de l’enfance et des effets de la migration sur le monde social qui entoure l’enfant. Ils deviennent d’une part une source de données sur l’enfant dessinateur et sur les conséquences qu’a la migration dans la présentation de son soi. Mais ils se font également «objet – porte-voix» de ces enfants, permettant le passage du silence à la mise en mots dans un contexte où le soupçon écrase.
The Effect of Religiosity on Poor Adult Woman’s Meaningfulness of Life
Authors: Muarifah Alif , Muyana Siti , Hidayah Hudzaimah Nur
Published: August 2020

Having a meaningful life is a part of a happy, vigorous, anxiety-free life. Various factors, such as poverty and religiosity, may affect an individual's meaningfulness of life. Grounded from the phenomenon, the present study aims to find out the effect of poor adult women’s religiosity on the meaningfulness of life. The samples of the study were 123 women who were selected using cluster random sampling. The selected samples were women who met the criteria of “poor” according to the National Family Planning Coordination Board of the Republic of Indonesia (BKKBN RI), which is categorized as prosperous family 1. This study used meaningfulness of life scale and religiosity scale authors had developed. The data were analyzed using simple linear regression. The result showed that religiosity significantly affects the meaningfulness of life (F=55.659, p<0.005), meaning that the higher the religiosity, the higher the meaningfulness of life. The result of the study may provide a depiction of the effect of poor adult woman’s religiosity on the meaningfulness of life, which can be used as a reference for the government or community observer on how to make a meaningful life by strengthening the religiosity.
The Effectiveness of Cognitive Restructuring Techniques in Improving Students Learning Motivation
Authors: Astuti Laily Puji , Wangid Muhammad Nur
Published: August 2020

The aim of the research is to determine the effectiveness of cognitive restructuring techniques to increase learning motivation in students of State Islamic Junior High School 6 Bantul. The type of research is experimental research. The research design uses quasi-experiment. The design uses Non-equivalent Control Group Design. The research population was 8th grade students of State Islamic Junior High School 6 Bantul, amounting to 149 students. The sampling technique in the research used purposive sampling. The criteria for determining the sample in the research are students of State Islamic Junior High School 6 Bantul at 8th grade which indicated to have low learning motivation. The data collection method uses a scale of learning motivation that has gone through validation processes. Data analysis using non-parametric statistics with the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test. The results showed that there were differences in the results of the experimental group's learning motivation before (M=72.17) and after (111.67) the treatment was given (p=0.027<0.05). These results can be concluded that cognitive restructuring techniques are effective to increase students learning motivation.
The Lack of Interest to do Counseling among Junior High School Students: Evaluation of Principals, Counselors, Teachers, and Peers Factors
Authors: Purwati Purwati , Japar Muhammad , Putro Hijrah Eko
Published: August 2020

This study departs from the limitations of research on how principals, counselors, teachers, and peers in inhibiting students' intention to do counseling. This study aims to determine how principals, counselors, teachers, and peers influence the lack of interest in student to do counseling. 162 students from six Junior High Schools in the city of Magelang, Indonesia were involved as participants after obtaining permission from the schools. The collected data is then analyzed using correlation and path analysis to see how the relationship and influence of principals, counselors, teachers, and peers on student counseling interests, and to see how the role of peers in mediating the relationship between principals with counselors and teacher with counselors. The school principals, counselors, and teachers become serious obstacles as they being categorized in high, while peers become factors in the medium category. Principals, teachers and peers contribute positively to the lack of interest in consulting to counselors. Principal factors and teachers contribute positively to peers. Peers are mediators in the principal's relationship with the counselor and the teacher's relationship with the counselor.
Forgiveness Viewed from Positive Psychology and Islam
Authors: Warsah Idi
Published: August 2020

Conflicts are unavoidable in human life. Thus, for human beings, the attitude of forgiveness is of importance to be well-embedded and sustainably constructed. Resting upon the aforesaid premises, the present study conducted a library research to reveal how forgiveness is viewed from the perspectives of positive psychology and Islam. 102 scientific works reviewed, 58 works were finally selected to be scrutinized in depth. This study revealed that the discourses in the field of positive psychology imply that forgiveness attitude is of importance to be embedded in human beings and continuously constructed by virtue of its positive natural impacts on mental health, good relationships, physical health, and positive well-being. Furthermore, as informed by Islamic teachings, the attitude of forgiveness is also suggested to be well and continuously embedded. As the best Islamic role model for the end-time people, the Prophet Muhammad PBUH already exemplified that humans are indeed to always be forgiving and even to pray for others for the sake of good things that Allah SWT will bestow to. It is worth noting that both positive psychology and Islam encourage humans to be forgiving individuals.
Intervalo e volume de treinamento de força em indivíduos que utilizam ou não esteroides anabólicos
Authors: Miranda Alexandre de Paula Gehren , Fernandes Felipe Moreira de Paiva Ferreira , Oliveira Cristiano Queiroz de , Senna Gilmar Weber
Published: August 2020

O objetivo do estudo foi verificar e correlacionar as variáveis metodológicas de tempo de intervalo e o volume do treinamento de força em indivíduos que utilizam ou não esteroides anabólicos. Participaram deste estudo 66 homens saudáveis (28,63 ± 8,17 anos; 77,26 ± 7,35 kg; 176,35 ± 1,45 cm) e treinados por pelo menos dois anos (avançados) com frequência mínima de 3 vezes por semana. Os participantes foram, após as respostas divididos, em usuários (n = 30) e não usuários de esteroides (n = 36). Um questionário com 17 perguntas foi utilizado para verificar o comportamento de prescrição das variáveis metodológicas de indivíduos que utilizam ou não esteroides anabólicos. Todas as questões desenvolvidas estavam totalmente ligadas ao TF, dados de identificação, antropométricos, e sobre o uso de esteroides para que compreendamos se há uma diferenciação no programa de treinamento (estritamente nos componentes de volume e intervalo) de praticantes que utilizam ou não essas substâncias.  O questionário foi distribuído para os participantes do estudo, através de e-mail e mensagens de WhatsApp. Os principais achados do presente estudo foram as diferenças significativas entre o número de exercícios (componente do volume) para todas musculaturas analisadas (volume dos peitorais [p = 0,021]; costas [p = 0,044] e quadríceps [p = 0,024]) entre as distintas populações. Em adição, nosso estudo também verificou que para os usuários de esteroides anabólicos o tempo de intervalo entre as séries foi maior do que o dos participantes que não utilizaram estes recursos (p = 0,032). Os resultados indicam que tanto o volume de treinamento quanto o tempo de intervalo entre as séries são mais elevados na população que utiliza esteroides anabólicos.
Intervenção em educação e saúde sobre obesidade infantojuvenil em uma unidade escolar de Belém do Pará
Authors: Da Silva Moraes Richard Franco , Guedes Raquel Eloi , Rocha Nathalia Lais Lima , Diniz Bianca Abdelnor Hanna Piqueira , Ferreira Gabriela Freitas da Silva , Oliveira Gabriella Sousa de , Holodniak Ana Catarina da Paz , Emoto Karen Lury Abe , Silva Gabriela Ladeia da , Peixoto Osvaldo da Silva
Published: August 2020

Objetivo: Promover intervenção contra a obesidade por meio de palestra sobre educação em saúde para estudantes em uma escola de um município do Pará e avaliar o estado nutricional dos estudantes. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo clínico, quantitativo e longitudinal com uma amostra de 100 alunos de 11 a 16 anos. Resultados: Das 100 crianças, 17% estão com sobrepeso/obesidade, 55% estão eutróficas e 28% estão abaixo do normal para idade. Após a ampla análise de dados foi montado uma estratégia para palestra que abordasse todos os problemas evidenciados, foi elaborado um folder explicativo que nos auxiliou durante a explanação e as crianças se mostraram bastante interessadas e participativas sendo que grande parte delas se demonstraram motivados a mudarem algumas condutas do cotidiano. Conclusão: Observou-se discreta prevalência de sobrepeso e obesidade dos estudantes. A intervenção foi satisfatória abrangendo o máximo de participantes possível que se demonstraram interessadas e aprenderam sobre a temática, o que se infere que as informações sobre obesidade infanto-juvenil deveriam sempre ser abordadas nas escolas.
Aplicação do lúdico para o ensino de saúde na educação médica da cidade de Parnaíba, Piauí: relato de experiência
Authors: Costa Tom Ravelly Mesquita , Neto João Dutra de Araujo , Torres Amanda Azevedo , Cruz Victor Trindade da , Correia Rafael Santos , Mass Daniela Winckler , Silva Pedro Henrique dos Santos , Santos Andréia Ferreira dos , Paula Wanessa Cândida de , Santos Karina Rodrigues dos
Published: August 2020

Objetivo: Demonstrar pelo relato de experiência de um grupo de acadêmicos do terceiro período do curso deMedicina da Universidade Federal do Delta do Parnaíba (UFDPar), Parnaíba-PI, a importância do lúdico noprocesso de ensino-aprendizagem, assim como, identificar de que forma tais metodologias de aprendizagematravessam a formação dos discentes do curso. Relato de Experiência: As estratégias escolhidas para aelaboração das atividades foram o teatro de fantoches e duas paródias musicais, descritos, desde a definiçãodo método lúdico, a elaboração de um roteiro de apresentação e a confecção de materiais, até a sua execução para os demais alunos. Desse modo, o material e conteúdo produzido foi apresentado na respectiva aula do módulo de parasitologia e microbiologia. A divisão decorreu em dois momentos, iniciou-se com a peça teatral, evidenciando a importância da prevenção e promoção da saúde. A segunda etapa constava das paródias, que de forma interativa, repassava informações. Considerações Finais: Por intermédio da aula, foi possível utilizar metodologias lúdicas para o ensino médico. Dessa forma, conclui-se com uma reflexão acerca da relevância do lúdico, tornando-se primordial a estimulação da comunicação entre os âmbitos da cognição humana, criatividade e a importância da interação com o objeto de estudo.
Implementação de uma liga acadêmica de sistematização de enfermagem na região Norte
Authors: Martins Jaqueline Dantas Neres , Oliveira Beatriz Duarte de , Braga Stephany Siqueira , Ambé Ana Alice Matias , Sena Carmem Lúcia Pacheco de , Silva Roseli Reis da , Araripe Flávia Maia , Sardinha Daniele Melo , Ferreira Milena Farah Damous Castanho , Souza Marcelo Williams Oliveira de
Published: August 2020

Objetivo: Relatar a experiência de acadêmicos do Curso de Graduação em Enfermagem na implementação da Liga Acadêmica de Sistematização da Assistência de Enfermagem (LASAE) na cidade de Belém do Pará. Relato de experiência: Sobre a trajetória de implementação da LASAE, a mesma foi fundada no dia 09 de janeiro de 2019, por um grupo de 06 acadêmicos do curso de Graduação em Enfermagem, com o objetivo de discutir temáticas relacionadas à Sistematização da Assistência de Enfermagem (SAE), Processo de Enfermagem (PE), teorias de enfermagem, bem como aprimorar conhecimentos relacionados à padronização e nomenclaturas de diagnósticos e intervenções em enfermagem. As atividades realizadas promoveram contribuição na formação de estudantes de enfermagem e desenvolvimento de habilidades e qualidades fundamentais na prática profissional, assim como na valorização da SAE e PE, como ferramentas de trabalho e imprescindíveis para a cientificidade profissional. Considerações finais: A implementação da liga acadêmica proporcionou a ampliação do conhecimento relacionado a SAE e PE, além de ter contribuído na diminuição das deficiências e lacunas não esclarecidas na universidade. Foi demonstrado também, boa recepção das atividades promovidas pela LASAE.
Perfil epidemiológico e medidas profiláticas para a influenza na comunidade acadêmica da Universidade de Passo Fundo
Authors: Da Silva Arthur Nery , Omairi Gabriela Coppetti , Ferreira Jaine Mendes , Löf Lucas Mallmann , Costa Márcio Machado , Zanella Ricardo
Published: August 2020

Objetivo: O presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o perfil epidemiológico e medidas profiláticas para a influenza na comunidade acadêmica da Universidade de Passo Fundo (UPF). Métodos: Realizou-se um estudo epidemiológico utilizando dados de 458 indivíduos, sendo eles acadêmicos, funcionários e professores da UPF, por meio de um questionário virtual na plataforma Google Forms®, no ano de 2018. As respostas foram analisadas pelo programa estatístico SPSS/Windows, utilizando o teste estatístico chi-quadrado (p<0,05). Resultados: Entre os entrevistados, 51,8% identificaram sinais de gripe, sendo que 63,4% foram vacinados. Não se encontrou associação entre tabagismo, doenças crônicas, número de vezes que os entrevistados lavavam as mãos ou uso de álcool gel com a ocorrência de sinais de gripe. Entretanto, o uso de transporte público e o tempo de deslocamento até a universidade foram associados com o aparecimento de sinais clínicos de gripe. Conclusão: Não observamos redução na percepção de sinais clínicos de gripe entre os vacinados, evidenciando a importância do estudo das cepas vacinais para o hemisfério sul e a presença de diferentes agentes respiratórios causando doença. Nosso estudo é importante para o desenvolvimento de políticas públicas sanitárias em ambientes estudantis.
Sífilis congênita: caracterização epidemiológica no estado do Piauí, Brasil
Authors: Nunes Ivete Rodrigues , Ribeiro Maria Dalila Rodrigues , Macêdo Kécya Patricia Costa , Vaz Jéssica Larissa Sousa , Costa Soliane Cristina Rodrigues , Silva Matheus Costa , Leal Bianca de Sousa , Lima Verde Roseane Mara Cardoso , Oliveira Evaldo Hipólito de
Published: August 2020

Objetivo: Estabelecer o predomínio da sífilis congênita (SC) caracterizando o perfil epidemiológico e fatores associados à transmissão no Piauí. Métodos: Pesquisa descritiva epidemiológica, realizada através do Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação - SINAN para estudar o perfil epidemiológico da SC no Piauí de 2013 a 2017. As informações foram coletadas no mês de julho de 2018, entre 2013 a 2017. Foram coletados no SINAN (N = 1624). Resultados: Observou-se que a maior ocorrência de casos aconteceu a partir de 2015 (201,36%). Em 2013 o percentual de sífilis congênita foi de 3,17 por nascidos vivos, onde houve um aumento substancial para 8,63 casos 2015 e 9,28 casos em 2016. Conclusão: A pesquisa mostra que ainda há muitos casos da doença no estado do Piauí, com isso o estudo visou contribuir para uma reflexão acerca de maiores conhecimentos sobre a sífilis congênita evidenciando-se a necessidade da presença de mais estudos nesse sentido. Todavia, é com assertividade que este trabalho irá facilitar futuras propostas que visem conhecer e estabelecer o predomínio da SC de forma que caracterize o perfil epidemiológico e fatores associados à transmissão no Piauí.
Tracing Molecular Properties Throughout Evolution: A Chemoinformatic Approach.
Authors: Otero Marcelo , Sarno Silvina , Acebedo Sofía , Ramirez Javier Alberto
Published: August 2020

Evolution of metabolism is a longstanding yet unresolved question, and several hypotheses were proposed to address this complex process from a Darwinian point of view. Modern statistical bioinformatic approaches targeted to the comparative analysis of genomes are being used to detect signatures of natural selection at the gene and population level, as an attempt to understand the origin of primordial metabolism and its expansion. These studies, however, are still mainly centered on genes and the proteins they encode, somehow neglecting the small organic chemicals that support life processes. In this work, we selected steroids as an ancient family of metabolites widely distributed in all eukaryotes and applied unsupervised machine learning techniques to reveal the traits that natural selection has imprinted on molecular properties throughout the evolutionary process. Our results clearly show that sterols, the primal steroids that first appeared, have more conserved properties and that, from then on, more complex compounds with increasingly diverse properties have emerged, suggesting that chemical diversification parallels the expansion of biological complexity. In a wider context, these findings highlight the worth of chemoinformatic approaches to a better understanding the evolution of metabolism.
Google arama hacmi verileri ile Türkiye’de hastalık farkındalık günlerinin etkinliğinin değerlendirilmesi
Authors: BAYIN DONAR Gamze
Published: August 2020

Amaç: Bu çalışma kapsamında, Türkiye’de toplumun belirli hastalık ve sağlıkla ilgili farkındalık tarihlerinde, o hastalıklarla ilgili olarak internetten bilgi arama davranışlarında farklılık olup olmadığını tespit etmek amaçlanmıştır. Yöntem: Dünya Sağlık Örgütü (DSÖ) ve Birleşmiş Milletler (BM) gibi uluslararası kuruluşlar tarafından desteklenen uluslararası farkındalık günlerine/aylarına sahip 20 farklı hastalık seçilmiş ve bu hastalıklara ilişkin Google tarafından geliştirilen Google Trends verileri ile 2008 ve 2018 yılları arasındaki Türkiye’nin çevrimiçi arama hacmi verileri kullanılarak retrospektif bir araştırma gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bulgular: Çevrimiçi arama hacimlerinin yıllara göre değişimlerine bakıldığında, “otizm” kelimesinin son 10 yılda %372 artış ile en yüksek artış hızına sahip olan hastalık kavramı olduğu saptanmıştır. Araştırma kapsamında seçilen sağlık ve hastalık ile ilgili kavramların Google arama hacimlerinin aylara göre fark analizi sonuçları değerlendirildiğinde, 20 kavramdan dokuzunda istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. AIDS, kanser, otizm, diyabet, meme kanseri, down sendromu, obezite, akciğer kanseri ve KOAH; araştırma kapsamında anlamlı bulunan kavramlardır. Bu hastalıkların Google arama hacimleri farkındalık günlerinin olduğu aylarda diğer aylara göre artış göstermiştir. Sonuç: Bu bulgular, farkındalık etkinliklerinin çevrimiçi arama sonuçlarını ve dolayısıyla da halkın farkındalığını etkileyebileceğini göstermiştir. Dolayısıyla hastalık veya sağlık farkındalık etkinliklerinin artırılarak halkın bilinçlendirilmesi ve dolayısıyla olumlu sağlık davranışlarının artırılması önerilmektedir.
Effects of microwave and ultrasound on the extraction of pectin and its chemical characterisation of banana (Musa sapientum L.) peels
Authors: Phaiphan A. , Churat S. , Dougta T. , Wichalin P. , Khanchai W. , Penjumras P.
Published: August 2020

Pectin is a polysaccharide that is widely used as a food additive in food industries. Banana
peels that are discarded by vendors after processing bananas for food products contain a
high level of pectin. The pectin can be extracted from the plant cell walls whereas the
conventional method for extraction would normally take some time to get a high yield.
This research was conducted to explore the effects of microwave-assisted extraction
(MAE) and ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) on the extraction of pectin and its
chemical characteristics found in banana peels. For MAE, the effects of microwave power
and extraction time on the yield and quality of extracted pectin was studied. It was found
that the pectin yield and chemical characteristics increased with the increase of microwave
power and extraction time. The percentage yield ranged from 20.93% to 22.91% for
microwave power of 300 W for 5-15 mins. The moisture, ash, degree of esterification,
methoxyl, and galacturonic content of extracted pectin by MAE had 8.98%, 5.40%,
75.50%, 12.00%, and 57.80%, respectively. For UAE, the effects of temperature and
sonication time on the pectin yield and quality of the extracted pectin were also studied.
The pectin yields ranged from 1.81% to 3.49% and the moisture, ash, degree of
esterification, methoxyl, and galacturonic content of extracted pectin by UAE had 8.00%,
3.39%, 88.83%, 14.50%, and 90.07%, respectively. Although the use of MAE promoted a
high pectin yield it had a lower purity level when compared to UAE. Besides, the
chemical characteristics of the extracted pectin by UAE is more comparable with
commercial citrus pectin than the pectin extracted by MAE.
How a lifecourse approach can promote long-term health and wellbeing outcomes for Māori
Authors: Theodore Reremoana , Ratima Mihi , Edwards Will , Sporle Andrew , Te Morenga Lisa , Kiro Cynthia , Ruakere Hond
Published: August 2020

No description supplied
Sport means 'family and church': sport in New Zealand Pasifika communities
Authors: Gordon Barrie , Sauni P , Tuagalu C
Published: August 2020

This study was conducted to gain a better understanding of the role that sport plays in New Zealand Pasifika communities. Eight focus groups and six key individuals were interviewed using a Talanoa approach. Spirituality, family and friends, the developing of life skills, fitness and health, and the release of aggression were all seen as important outcomes from participation in sport. Sport was conceptualised in a variety of ways by those interviewed. These differing conceptualisations of sport, many of which differed markedly from the traditional viewpoint, have ramifications for those working and researching in this area. While participants' experiences of sport were predominately positive, sport was also seen in a negative light by others. The negativity of some towards sport also suggests the need to consider reframing, reducing, or possibly replacing sport with alternatives when looking to promote physical activity. © 2013 Australian Council for Health, Physical Education and Recreation.
Mapping of priority areas for environmental recovery of Rio Pomba city, Minas Gerais
Authors: Oliveira Jaqueline Aparecida de , Silva Jeniffer Barroso da , Ribeiro Kleber Mariano , Ferreira Flávia Monteiro Coelho , Silva Roselir Ribeiro da
Published: August 2020

The present paper aimed to map the priority areas for environmental recovery of Rio Pomba city, Minas Gerais, as part of the creation of a strategic plan for environmental actions. In order to carry out the proposed approaches, the information layers (IL) geology, climate, land use, pedology and geomorphology of study area were mapped individually and transformed, by multicriteria analysis, in a single database using the geographic information system (GIS), resulting in the mapping of natural vulnerability to soil loss. The results showed that areas vulnerable to erosion processes, and priority to environmental restoration actions, were concentrated in declivity regions of study area, while regions classified as stable accumulated in permanent preservation areas (PPA) marginal to water resources. These results diverged from the field observations and the addition of an IL that demarcates the PPAs in multicriteria analysis was proposed as alternative. The new results were satisfactory, closer to the field inspections and this new methodology can be used in management of environmental restoration actions of city, in which should begin with the marginal PPAs and in the northern region.
Accounting for indirect protection in the benefit–risk ratio estimation of rotavirus vaccination in children under the age of 5 years, France, 2018
Authors: Escolano Sylvie , Mueller Judith E , Tubert-Bitter Pascale
Published: August 2020

Background

Rotavirus is a major cause of severe gastroenteritis in children worldwide. The disease burden has been substantially reduced in countries where rotavirus vaccines are used. Given the risk of vaccine-induced intussusception, the benefit–risk balance of rotavirus vaccination has been assessed in several countries, however mostly without considering indirect protection effects.

Aim

We performed a benefit–risk analysis of rotavirus vaccination accounting for indirect protection in France among the 2018 population of children under the age of 5 years.

Methods

To incorporate indirect protection effects in the benefit formula, we adopted a pseudo-vaccine approach involving mathematical approximation and used a simulation design to provide uncertainty intervals. We derived background incidence distributions from quasi-exhaustive health claim data. We examined different coverage levels and assumptions regarding the waning effects and intussusception case fatality rate.

Results

With the current vaccination coverage of < 10%, the indirect effectiveness was estimated at 6.4% (+/− 0.4). For each hospitalisation for intussusception, 277.0 (95% uncertainty interval: (165.0–462.1)) hospitalisations for rotavirus gastroenteritis were prevented. Should 90% of infants be vaccinated, indirect effectiveness would reach 57.9% (+/− 3.7) and the benefit–risk ratio would be 192.4 (95% uncertainty interval: 116.4–321.3). At a coverage level of 50%, indirect protection accounted for 27% of the prevented rotavirus gastroenteritis cases. The balance remained in favour of the vaccine even in a scenario with a high assumption for intussusception case fatality.

Conclusions

These findings contribute to a better assessment of the rotavirus vaccine benefit–risk balance.
Mobility Patterns of Top Israeli Researchers
Authors: Halevi Gali
Published: August 2020

Israel is a small country with only a handful of universities and research institutions. However, it is well known for its advanced research in various disciplines such as information technology, medicine, biochemistry, physics and more. Israeli scientists collaborate with colleagues around the world and many spend significant time abroad. This study sought to discover in which countries the most prolific Israeli scientists spent time. In addition, it examined which countries were the most popular destinations for various disciplinary collaborations.
ATTITUDE OF SENIOR SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS TOWARDS AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES AND TRAININGS IN OGBOMOSO NORTH LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF OYO STATE
Authors: J.O. Akintonde , O.A. Akinboye , A.O. Tiamiyu , O.S. Akintaro , S.A. Gbadamosi , B.S. Bamidele , A.A. Alabi
Published: August 2020

The study assesses the attitude of senior secondary school students towards agriculture as a profession in some selected secondary schools in Ogbomoso North Local Government Area of Oyo State. One hundred respondents were randomly selected from five senior secondary schools purposively selected due to their questionnaire. The data obtained were analyzed with the aid of frequency count, percentages and cumulative percentage while correlation analysis was used to test the hypothesis. The findings reveal the personal characteristic of the respondents sampled as well as their level of interest in agriculture as a profession. The statistical analysis performed on the respondents’ attitude towards agriculture as a profession revealed that there was significant relationship to the respondents’ gender, educational level father and mother’s occupation respectively while age and religion were statistically insignificant.
Evaluation of Governance and Management of Information Technology Services Using Cobit 2019 and ITIL 4
Authors: Nachrowi Erika , Yani Nurhadryani  , Heru Sukoco
Published: August 2020

The implementation of E-government evaluation is already a necessity to know the level of process of governance and management of service and provide improvement suggestions for quality improvement. Evaluation of the governance and management of services at the Directorate Institutional, Directorate General of Higher Education using the COBIT 2019, by measuring the capability process level based on the design factor which recommends improvement priorities in the 11 domain COBIT 2019 and the level of user satisfaction of service applications using the E-govqual model. IT capability level assessment results have 3 levels 0 processes or no existing approaches, 6 levels 1 processes or incomplete approaches, 1 level 2 process or initial approach fulfils the intent of the practice area and 1 Process level 3 or achievement of objectives is much more organized. Service Satisfaction rate measurement get 3 criteria in Quadrant A or priority improvement, 13 criteria in quadrant B or maintained, 12 criteria in quadrant C or less priority and 3 criteria in Quadrant D or less expected. Repair recommendations are compiled based on the SWOT model, referring to COBIT 2019 and ITIL 4. The results of the recommendation include increased competency of human resources and integrate services with PDDIKTI.
Agronomic Performance and Nutritive Value of Mucuna Legume (Stilozobium Deeringianum (Bort) Merr.) as Influenced by Cutting Dates in Peruvian Central Coast
Authors: Escudero D. , Echevarria M. G. , Malpartida Y E. D.
Published: August 2020

The agronomic performance and nutritive value of Mucuna legume (Stilozobium deeringianum (Bort) Merr.) in five stages were evaluated under climatic conditions of Peruvian central coast to estimate optimum stage of use. Five cutting ages were: 21, 42, 63, 84 and 105 days. Crop growing, forage yield, chemical composition, vitro dry matter digestibility and net energy for lactation of Mucuna were evaluated. The optimum cutting age was 84 days with 25633.3 kg. Ha-1 of fresh matter and 6422.6 kg-1 ha-1 of dry matter. In this age crude protein, neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber and in vitro dry matter digestibility contents were 14.94%, 44.80%, 33.15% and 66.12 %. Net energy for lactation was 1.43 Mcal.kg-1. These results show that Mucuna was well adapted to Peruvian Central Coast with high forage yield and nutritive value.
Potential Development of Tourism Village in Hendrosari Village, Menganti District, Gresik City
Authors: Bagus Setiawan Heri Cahyo , Kurniawan Aries , Ramdhani Muhammad Ghufran , Ragillia Ragillia
Published: August 2020

The PKM program that is a partner is Hendrosari Village, Menganti District, Gresik City. Villages that have the potential to be developed into tourist villages. The vast land and other economic potentials seem to have been built by this village. However, this potential is not yet optimal in practice. Because through this PKM program we focus on renewing, and some training related to maximizing the potential of villages that become tourist villages.

Based on observations and results of field interviews, there are two issues considered by partners namely; 1) not yet optimal knowledge of village communities who are members of the Village Economic Business Group (KUEMDes) related to the potential that exists in the village as a tourist village; 2) Movement of community economic activities in the form of economic business is still in the arrangement of (traditional) home management yet not oriented to agro-industry and siwalan agro-tourism which actually has great potential as an agro-industrial and agro-tourism village.

In this PKM program we try to provide alternatives and solutions that provide modern and agro-based business support by providing seminars and workshops related to agro-based business management, change management (change from traditional culture to modern culture in the management of business management. It is expected that the existing potential can be optimized in increasing the economic efforts of the community through agro-tourism based KUEMDes and the use of technology that produces potential resources that can become a source of income for rural communities.

This activity was created successfully in the form of creating successful collaborative programs until the end of the PKM, building a family atmosphere between the different and solving problems related to shared problems so that they can be used together to find solutions and find out how to increase the economic benefits of this village if used moderately based on agro-industry and siwalan agro-tourism, of course the hope is to achieve the expected benefits, namely increased knowledge, increased productivity and competitiveness, independence and welfare of the community through the utilization of the potential of villages as lontar tourism villages.

Keywords:development, village potential, tourism village
Shalat dan Kesehatan Jasmani
Authors: Rofiqoh Aqidatur
Published: August 2020

This article is an analytical descriptive study to explore information about the benefits of prayer on physical health.Â  The results of the study show that prayer is not only a spiritual dimension which is often referred to as mi rÄj al-mu' min.Â  However, prayer is also of beneficial value for the physical health of the doer.Â  These benefits, among others, are obtained through prayer movements, starting with Takbirah al-IhrÃ¢m, followed by bowing, i'tidal, prostration, and sitting, then ending with a greeting.Â  These findings suggest that prayer is not merely an obligation, as a form of worship to Allah.Â  More than that, prayer is a necessity.Â  Thus, leaving prayer does not only mean abandoning one's obligations but also means not fulfilling one's needs.