bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Baryonic Effects on Lagrangian Clustering and Angular Momentum Reconstruction
Authors: Sheng Ming-Jie , Yu Hao-Ran , Li Sijia , Liao Shihong , Du Min , Wang Yunchong , Wang Peng , Xu Kun , Genel Shy , Irodotou Dimitrios
Published: February 2023

Recent studies illustrate the correlation between the angular momenta of cosmic structures and their Lagrangian properties. However, only baryons are observable and it is unclear whether they reliably trace the cosmic angular momenta. We study the Lagrangian mass distribution, spin correlation, and predictability of dark matter, gas, and stellar components of galaxy–halo systems using IllustrisTNG, and show that the primordial segregations between components are typically small. Their protoshapes are also similar in terms of the statistics of moment of inertia tensors. Under the common gravitational potential they are expected to exert the same tidal torque and the strong spin correlations are not destroyed by the nonlinear evolution and complicated baryonic effects, as confirmed by the high-resolution hydrodynamic simulations. We further show that their late-time angular momenta traced by total gas, stars, or the central galaxies, can be reliably reconstructed by the initial perturbations. These results suggest that baryonic angular momenta can potentially be used in reconstructing the parameters and models related to the initial perturbations.
Caring for Autistic Children Based on the Development of a Family Stress Coping Model
Authors: Asari Hasyim , Ana Suri , Yumni Hilmi
Published: February 2023

BACKGROUND: The limitations of social interaction, communication, cognitive abilities, behavior patterns, and activities in autistic children are sources of stress for parents. Parents’ negative stress assessment of autistic children causes maladaptive coping and has an impact on inappropriate caring behavior.
AIM: Caring of autistic children based on the development of family stress coping models
METHODS: This research was observational research by utilizing a cross-sectional approach. Participants of parents of autistic children at the Surabaya Autism Therapy Center. The determination of the amount using the rule of thumb formula in SEM is determined by 7 x 15 parameters of 105. Data collection uses a multi-stage random technique. Test the model reliability using the Structural Equation model - Partial Least Square (SEM - PLS), the structure using R Square, and evaluate using Q-square.
RESULT: A significant influence occurred toward stress assessment against stress coping and stress coping against parental behavior in caring for children with autism.
CONCLUSION: Parents’ positive assessment of stressors and energy adequacy and good health will make parents able to control themselves and make themselves an important psychological resource in developing adaptive coping. The development of adaptive coping for parents can increase togetherness among family members, maintain and reduce physiological and psychological reactions to stressors, and manage family support and professional staff to obtain comfort, attention, or assistance in improving behavior in caring for autistic children.
Statin Use and the Risk of All-cause Mortality
Authors: Bae Jae Hyun
Published: February 2023

Statins are the cornerstone in primary and secondary prevention of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Most benefits of statin treatment mainly come from lowering low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels. However, statins have pleiotropic effects on vascular dysfunction, inflammation, and immunomodulation beyond cholesterol-lowering, suggesting a positive impact on various health outcomes. All-cause mortality is a commonly chosen outcome in randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of statins. Nevertheless, the effect of statin treatment on the risk of all-cause mortality remains uncertain since it has usually been evaluated as a secondary outcome or a component of the primary composite outcome. A recent meta-analysis of RCTs also failed to draw a clear conclusion on this issue. Further studies investigating all-cause mortality as a primary endpoint are needed to determine the effect of statins on all-cause mortality from the perspective of evidence-based medicine.
Interpretation of Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate
Authors: Kim Da Woon , Rhee Harin
Published: February 2023

Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) plays an important role in the clinical evaluation of renal function, classification, prognosis prediction, and drug dosing in patients with acute or chronic kidney disease . Estimated GFR (eGFR) is calculated based on endogenous filtration markers, such as creatinine and cystatin C. These are useful markers, but it is necessary to understand the clinical settings in which eGFR, calculated using creatinine or cystatin C, may be less accurate. Several equations, including the Cockcroft and Gault, modification of diet in renal disease, and chronic kidney disease-epidemiology collaboration (CKD-EPI) equations, are used to calculate eGFR. The latter is most common because it has high accuracy and can predict prognosis. Recently, a new race-omitting CKD-EPI equation has been developed but further studies are required to determine whether it can be applied in clinical practice and research. Furthermore, careful use of eGFR is needed in acute kidney injury, kidney transplantation, and dialysis patients. Drug dosing must be guided by accurate GFR assessment. In addition to medical care, GFR assessment is also important for public health and research. Therefore, further studies are needed to reevaluate and develop the equations for accurate eGFR calculations.
Miniature glass-metal coaxial waveguide reactors for microwave-assisted liquid heating
Authors: Sharma Gaurav , Kouzaev Guennadi A.
Published: February 2023

Microwave (MW) irradiation is recognized as an effective tool in industries related to pharmaceuticals, chemistry, nanoparticle synthesis, food, etc. In the hardware field, some research efforts are concentrated on creating miniature reactors using low-cost technologies aimed at on-demand chemistry or parallel synthesis of many drugs.

This paper reports on the development and characterization of novel miniature chemical-resistant glass-metal coaxial reactors based on a modified Liebig condenser. It is composed of two concentric glass tubes, one for the central conductor carrying MW current, and the other for the copper-foiled cylinder surrounding the first pipe. The gap between them is filled with a liquid that is pumped and evacuated by using shielded thin inlet/outlet glass tubes, which are melted and opened into this cylindrical cavity. The reactor's geometry allows for the direct soldering of miniature MW SMA coaxial connectors of 50-Ω impedance.

The developed components are studied analytically, numerically and experimentally. The frequency properties of reactors are measured with a network analyzer. The temperature trends are explored by using a variable high-power MW generator, power meters and temperature sensors.

These reactors demonstrate their relative insensitivity toward variations in the permittivity of filling liquids in the range of $3.75 < \varepsilon < 30$, as shown in simulations and measurements. They demonstrate the increase by two orders in the longitudinal modal penetration depth and a more homogeneous heating along reactors as compared to their hollow coaxial prototypes.

These glass-metal miniature reactors can be used in on-demand continuous-flow accelerated liquid heating, chemistry and pharmacy.
Multiple nontrivial periodic solutions to a second-order partial difference equation
Authors: Long Yuhua , Li Dan
Published: February 2023

In this article, applying variational technique as well as critical point theory, we establish a series of criteria to ensure the existence and multiplicity of nontrivial periodic solutions to a second-order nonlinear partial difference equation. Our results generalize some known results. Moreover, numerical stimulations are presented to illustrate applications of our major findings.
Abundant solitary wave solutions of Gardner's equation using three effective integration techniques
Authors: Akram Ghazala , Arshed Saima , Sadaf Maasoomah , Mariyam Hajra , Aslam Muhammad Nauman , Ahmad Riaz , Khan Ilyas , Alzahrani Jawaher
Published: February 2023

Gardner's equation has been discussed in the article for finding new solitary wave solutions. Three efficient integration techniques, namely, the Kudryashov's R function method, the generalized projective Ricatti method and $ \frac{G'}{G^2} $-expansion method are implemented to obtain new dark soliton, bright soliton, singular soliton, and combo soliton solutions. Moreover, some of the obtained solutions are graphically depicted by using $ 3 $D-surface plots and the corresponding $ 2 $D-contour graphs.
Nanoparticle-based organic polymer retinal prostheses: modeling, solution map and simulation
Authors: Chiaravalli Greta , Lanzani Guglielmo , Sacco Riccardo , Salsa Sandro
Published: February 2023

In this article we investigate a mathematical model for a retinal prosthesis made of organic polymer nanoparticles (NP) in the stationary regime. The model consists of a Drift-Diffusion system to describe free charge transport in the NP bulk; a Poisson-Nernst-Planck system to describe ion electrodiffusion in the solution surrounding the NP; and nonlinear transmission conditions at the NP-solution interface. To solve the model we use an iteration procedure for which we prove the existence and briefly comment the uniqueness of a fixed point under suitable smallness assumptions on model parameters. For system discretization we use a stabilized finite element method to prevent unphysical oscillations in the electric potential, carrier number densities and ion molar densities. Model predictions describe the amount of active chemical molecule accumulating at the neuron surface and highlight electrostatic effects induced by the sole presence of the nanoparticle. These results support the use of mathematical modeling as a virtual laboratory for the optimal design of bio-hybrid systems, whose investigation may be impervious due to experimental limits.
After the "Great Studio Pullback of ’08": Late Indiewood and American Independent Film Theatrical Distribution in the Age of Streaming (2008-2019)
Authors: Tzioumakis Yannis
Published: February 2023

This article surveys the field of American independent film theatrical distribution in the years following the so-called “great studio pullback of ’08” and until the end of the second decade of the 21st Century. Within the space of less than three years (2008–2010), three of the “Big Six” conglomerated Hollywood majors shuttered five of their specialty film divisions, which had been members of a small cadre of companies that dominated the independent film sector from the mid-1990s to that time. The dominance of these companies had relied heavily on their adoption of a filmmaking model that was identified as “indiewood” and entailed the finance, production and distribution of a fairly distinct category of films with particular characteristics. The closure of these companies made it clear that the independent film sector was changing, and the article surveys specifically the field of theatrical distribution from 2008 to 2019 with a view to understanding how this change occurred. In seeking to identify the nature of the impact of the closure of these companies on the domestic theatrical distribution landscape, the article addresses such questions as whether the closure of these studio subsidiaries signalled the end of indiewood; whether a new type of specialty film replaced indiewood as the dominant paradigm in American independent film theatrical distribution; if other companies have taken the place of the shuttered studio specialty film divisions; and how important the theatrical market still is in the age of streaming. In addressing these questions, the article provides a comprehensive account of a sector in transition. It also highlights broader changes in the structure of the American film industry, paying particular attention to a set of companies it identifies as “late indies” and the role they played in transforming an American film industry at the same time as streaming companies have been exerting enormous pressures on the theatrical film market.
Impact of Climate Change on the Insect and Mite Pests of Moroccan Citrus
Authors: Hassan Alahyane , Mouhamed Ouknin , Abdelaziz Mounir , Lhou Majidi
Published: February 2023

Climate change has greatly affected citrus production and pests. They affect agriculture by expanding the geographical range of insect and mite pests, and by modifying the lifecycle inducing an increase in the number of generations and survival during the wintering period. These changes in climatic parameters altered interspecific and intraspecific interactions between plants and pests and increased the risk of invasive species and reduced efficacy of biological control, especially those used by natural enemies, causing serious risks as well as crop damages. To mitigate the negative effects of climate change in plant agriculture, management strategies must be taken to deal with the new status of agricultural pests.
The Impact of Climate Change on Insect Pests Damaging Crops
Authors: AMIRI Nassima , Khebiza Mohammed Yacoubi , Messouli Mohammed
Published: February 2023

Climate change affects the physiology of insects by accelerating their metabolism, growth, and reproduction, which increases their density, and ultimately leads to the consumption and infestation of crops damaged, this action, contributes to economic losses, especially in countries where agriculture plays an important role in their economic sector. This chapter aims to identify how the climatic parameters, in particular the rise in temperature that promotes the development of its insect pests, also causes the action of expanding their distribution, and further reduces biological control, especially natural enemies. And also this chapter shows how insects interact with crops to cause agricultural infestations and damage. The control of agricultural pests can only be established through in-depth studies on the impact of climate change on the interaction between agricultural pests and crops and the contribution of strategies that incorporate the environment and physical resources, and social and financial benefits for farmers. Moreover, the application of adaptation practices, such as improved pest management, monitoring of climate and pest populations, and development of integrated models for predicting climate change, agriculture, and pests, are also considered relevant and effective solutions for the pest control.
Honey Bees as Environmental Biomonitors and Effects of Climate Change on Their Population
Authors: Biswal Debraj
Published: February 2023

Honey bees (Apis sp.) have gained research attention lately because of their role in pollination, food production, and biodiversity conservation. Additionally, they can serve as excellent environmental biomonitors because they can concentrate pollutants in their products like honey and beeswax. Interestingly, honey bee colonies are resilient to stressors while the individuals are sensitive to them. Consequently, the negative impacts of stressors on their population tends to go unnoticed. However, research shows their population is declining rapidly. Pollution, intensification of agriculture, habitat loss, fragmented landscapes, reduction of floral heterogeneity, and climate change have been reasoned as the major factors for this observation. Their ectothermic nature makes them sensitive to climatic conditions which may have long-term effects on the environment. However, this field has been poorly investigated. Further research endeavours can provide sufficient information to plan conservation strategies for honey bee populations and ensure future food security.
Considering the Transformation of Urban and Rural Areas From an Administrative Perspective
Authors: Jeeva Zaakirah Iqbal , Cilliers Elizelle Juanee , Gumbo Trynos
Published: February 2023

The formation of settlements has changed over the past century and so has its categorization. Previously, it was easy to categorize and differentiate rural areas from urban areas based on the morphology, economic activities, and the population concentration. However, upon deeper analysis, there is no standard method of classifying urban or rural. Research reveals settlements have merged to form larger regions. This chapter explores the transformation settlements from settlements to regions from a theoretical perspective. Furthermore, the study reviews settlement categorization in South Africa (1990-2020). The study found that the integration of rural and urban areas to municipal entities in South Africa has been riddled with challenges. As a result, many municipalities are dysfunctional. The chapter provides insight into the delimitation process and provides lessons for other countries.
Transformation of Economies Along the Development Path
Authors: Varghese Thanikal Joseph , Eliz Joseph Deepak Eapen
Published: February 2023

The topic of interest from the social point of view is that the process that surrounds the transformation economy plays a vital role when it comes to rural to urban. The impact comes from the process that tends to generate large-scale changes by a shift from primarily agriculture towards industrial and service-oriented activities. This work is related to the issue of rural-urban dynamics during development since the process of structural transformation implies contracting and expanding sectors, which, in turn, implies that the workforce must be reallocated and possibly retrained. The capacity of institutions in these developing economies to cope with these demands is thus a fundamental factor that determines how smooth or disruptive this process will be. Interesting to note are the pattern of education attainment levels of the workforce, the occupation distribution of the workforce, the wage levels of workers, and their consumption levels. The consumption pattern is another indicator of structural transformation.
Exploring the Emerging Evolution Trends of Urban Agriculture
Authors: Akiner Muhammed Ernur , Akiner Ilknur , Akiner Nurdan
Published: February 2023

Urban agriculture is where people raise plants and animals in or near cities to provide the fresh food they need and earn money. It also involves producing and distributing the required inputs and processing and selling the final products. Urban agriculture's potential is highlighted by its contribution to the built environment and sustainable development. Urban agriculture already exists because of the characteristics of urban life and terrain, but it is deeply ingrained in urban culture. In the light of this scenario and from the point of the fourth industrial revolution, a systematic literature review was carried out by taking into account the transformation and transformative effects of urban agricultural practices in and around the city, agricultural activities, urban area use, social and economic dimensions, ecological contributions, and sustainability. Qualitative data analysis was also conducted to ascertain the connections between the investigated areas.
Enhancing Social Resilience in Urban Communities
Authors: Kamuzhanje Joseph
Published: February 2023

Urbanization is growing in both developed and developing countries. The proportion of the world's urban population is expected to increase to 57% by 2050 from 47% in 2000. More than 90% of future population growth will be in the large cities in the developing countries. In the developing world, Africa has experienced the highest urban growth during the last two decades at 3.5% per year, and this rate is expected to hold into 2050. Projections indicate that between 2010 and 2025, some African cities will account for up to 85% of the population. In 2010, the share of the African urban population was 36% and is projected to increase to 50% and 60% by 2030 and 2050, respectively. Due to this growth in urban population, urbanisation, urban poverty, and food and nutrition insecurity have begun to dominate the development discourse again after years of focusing on rural development. Urban agriculture is becoming a viable solution to the challenges that communities are facing.
Exploring the Role of Sustainability in Peri-Urban Communities Using Innovative Urban Strategies
Authors: Govender Viloshin , Cloete Magdalena Catharina
Published: February 2023

This research explores methodologies that could provide innovative urban strategies in developing sustainable urban communities in the case study of Giba Gorge precinct, eThekwini, KZN. The research is set within a peri-urban context where formal and informal development meets, placing these diverse communities in a precarious connectedness. The theoretical lens combines the concepts of sustainability, urban resilience, and the “right to the city.” A mixed-methods approach is applied, with various techniques, drawn from various disciplines, to effectively deal with space and its users. The analysis indicates how these communities are developing sustainable systems and working in synergy. These approaches can be defined as both resilient and as expressions of finding their right to the city. The findings indicate urban research and design strategies that would ensure an urban ecosystem suitable to the cultural, social, and economic needs of the communities of Giba within the macro context of eThekwini.
Reimaging, Rethinking, and Reinvigorating Planning Practices for Resilient Urban and Rural Development in Zimbabwe
Authors: Kamuzhanje Joseph
Published: February 2023

Scholarly thought is that planning should be an opportunity for the interface of systems and methodologies that lead to consensus building in addressing the needs of communities. This is because planning is ‘a process which involves decisions on alternative ways of using available resources, to achieve particular goals at some time in the future.' Development is 'the carrying out of building, engineering, mining or other operations in, on, over or under land.' These definitions miss the planner, who is supposed to champion the development planning processes. In Zimbabwe and other developing countries, the discussion on the efficacy of planning has shifted from the technical to the professional. With the advances made in technology, the increasing civic awareness among both rural and urban communities, planning standards are going down. In urban areas, there is increasing urban sprawl, traffic congestion, environmental degradation, and general disorder. All these issues have led to the need to (re)look at the issue of professional planning practice.
A Study on the Orthography and Grammatical Errors of Tertiary-Level Students
Authors: Padmanabhan Jayakumar , Rajest S. Suman , Veronica J. Josephin
Published: February 2023

Writing is one of the most important skills in language abilities. It is a primary basis for judging one's learning and intellect. Writing skills equip us with communication and thinking skills. Writing is very important in communication. More importantly, in writing, the learners of English should have error-free sentences in their orthographic and grammatical areas. Because if there is incorrect grammar, the sentences will be unclear and meaningless. The proper syntactic structure of the paper shows a huge difference in one's speaking and writing, and it also indicates sound knowledge of the speaker. A combination of diverse features of English is required for effective communication. The study aims to explore the writing skills of tertiary-level students and to find out the difficulties in writing, especially the orthographic and grammatical errors.
The Revolution in Integrating Virtual Reality in E-Learning
Authors: M. Raja , G. G. Lakshmi Priya
Published: February 2023

The virtual reality (VR) concept has been in existence for more than half-a-century. This technology's growth has been predominant recently because of the availability of plenty of technological solutions that support VR content. Coronavirus (COVID-19), a virus outbreak, has taken the whole world to an unexpected critical phase where social distancing is an inevitable part of life. Notably, the education sector faces a huge challenge, and VR technology has become the need of the hour during this pandemic as most learning takes place in virtual mode. VR equipment and software applications were highly priced at one point. Still, the present scenario is entirely different, with plenty of hardware and software resources available at affordable pricing. This study aims to identify the benefits, needs, and opportunities open for virtual reality-enabled e-learning and offer a generic methodological framework for efficiently implementing VR in e-learning. Analysis of this study indicates that VR technologies have rebooted their presence in the education.
Implementing E-Learning Applications and Their Global Advantages in Education
Authors: Kem Deepak
Published: February 2023

This paper aims to understand e-learning, and to classify its advantages as well impacts on individuals and also their global development. While understanding e-learning and its importance, the primary objectives of this paper will also be to measure the market growth of the e-learning industry, analyze the essence of e-learning courses, and identify the global advantage gained by e-learning. The present paper is a review paper dependent on data, literature, and information provided by various sources such as online journals and articles. It is a proven fact that e-learning has facilitated the development of educational practices in the global world by developing and providing learning opportunities to all. Keeping this in mind, the present attempt presents an analysis and discussion with a strong focus on e-learning and its global advantages, especially during the forced situations of the COVID-19 pandemic. Addressing the advantage of e-learning, this article evaluates the manner in which learners can interact with their peers worldwide through group discussions and private chats.
An Empirical Study of Managing Education During the Pandemic Situation
Authors: Dhiman Viney , Bharti Anupama
Published: February 2023

Education is an important part of society, and Coronavirus radically influenced the educational system. Foundations have started the use of electronic modes in the educational system; also, comparative abilities can be gotten to through different stages. ToThis paper presents a concentration on acknowledgment of online education toas an answer to the Coronavirus pandemic, especially at Panjab College, Chandigarh (India). The present chapter overviewed several secondary and primary sources. For this purpose, total of 50 respondents interacted with mobile phones: 20 undergraduate students, 20 post-graduate students, also ten each PhD scholars from different streams of Punjab University, Chandigarhto. They were asked their view as university convened online classes from the last week of March 2020 tountil the 15th May 2020. In addition to the ten faculty members of Panjab University, there were also others interviewed online toin order to find their perception of the current system's efficacy in responding toto the pandemic.
Romanian Preschool Teachers' Perceptions About Early Childhood Online Education
Authors: Rad Dana , Lile Raul , Costin Alina , Vancu Gabriela , Torkos Henriette , Demeter Edgar , Rad Gavril
Published: February 2023

COVID-19 replaced face-to-face instruction with online learning. This study examines preschool teachers' online ECE attitudes. 375 preschool teachers took an online course on quality and inclusive early childhood education. 195 out of 375 preschoolers completed this study's online questionnaire about internet learning. The authors coded responses to find pros, cons, and mixed viewpoints. Romanian preschool instructors see the challenge of online learning in Zoom kindergarten, the requirement of online teaching instead of not retaining contact with kids and families, and tightening the connection with parents as advantages of early childhood online education. Romanian preschool teachers have mixed opinions about Zoom kindergarten's pros and cons, including that online classes can be used as integrated online educational sequences but never replace traditional kindergarten.
An Empirical Study of Distraction in Work-Life Balance of Teachers During COVID-19 Turmoil Circumstances
Authors: Barot Himanshu , Patel Sunil H.
Published: February 2023

COVID-19 was a crucial time to survive and created unprecedented challenges for every industry globally. This unexpected event distracted the work-life balance to where many are physically and mentally tired. Being pushed to quickly adapt to the new work environment and online teaching pedagogy was a challenge for the entire education system. Many studies have been conducted on the impact of COVID-19 in work-life balance of teachers, but the authors observed not a single study has revealed the strength of association between gender, employability, post lecture energy, and domestic responsibilities. This study aimed to measure the strength of this association using chi-square and Cramer's v analysis as well as impact of the pandemic on teaching faculty and subsequent implications of policy. The major outcomes of the study are that personal and professional life was imbalanced with affected mental health, which leads to less productivity.
Determination of the Most Suitable Leadership Type in the Hotel Industry Using Best-Worst Method
Authors: Arman Kevser , Organ Arzu
Published: February 2023

The new age requires awareness of different types of leadership. Every enterprise may need a different type of leadership for their various purposes. Determining the most suitable leadership type for a specific industry is a quite complex issue so it can be considered a decision problem. This chapter aims to determine most suitable leadership type for hotel industry using best worst method (BWM) which is one of the multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) tools. The results have revealed that transformational leadership is the most suitable leadership in hotel industry, followed by visionary leadership and authentic leadership. It is recommended that hotel managers should adopt these three leadership types to motivate followers, create positive culture, and maximize productivity in the hotel industry. This chapter is believed to fill the literature gap since limited studies have integrated MCDM methods with this area. Moreover, the findings of the study have revealed useful insights for hotel managers.
Charismatic Leadership in Hospitality and Tourism
Authors: Aytaş Gonca , Ergen Fatma Doğanay , Aytekin Engin
Published: February 2023

The study is mainly focused on determining whether the managers possess a charismatic leadership style, and meanwhile, the relations of charismatic leadership with organizational performance, psychological commitment, emotional commitment, job satisfaction, corporate reputation, and work-home arrangements are examined. In this context, in this study, first of all, the concept of charismatic leadership is explained followed by a discussion of charismatic leadership in the tourism industry and hospitality businesses.
Transformational Leadership in the Hospitality and Tourism Industry
Authors: Aksoy Seza , Çakır Onur
Published: February 2023

This study aims to examine the transformational leadership in the context of the hospitality and tourism industry. In the first part of the study, the emergence of transformational leadership, its definition, and the importance of transformational leadership in tourism and hospitality literature is discussed. In the second part, the most commonly used transformational leadership models and the sub-factors and dimensions of these models is analyzed. In the third part of the chapter, the characteristics of managers who adopt the transformational leadership style is examined. Finally, the studies conducted in the field of hospitality and tourism that were published in peer-reviewed journals in the last decade (from 2012-2022) were systematically reviewed. Transformational leadership style is found to be one of the most suitable leadership styles for both the organization, the employees, and the leaders themselves in the hospitality and tourism industry.
Transforming the Hospitality and Tourism Industry
Authors: Sarna Shilpi , Tyagi Akansha
Published: February 2023

Today's hospitality and tourism industry is fast becoming a technology-enabled service industry powered by the online, mobile, cloud, IoT, AI, robotics, automation, and blockchain tools and applications. Digital technology is making its way into every aspect of the industry in its operations, services, communications, revenue management, distribution, and marketing. The previous studies of hospitality leadership during the crisis have focused on the significance of leadership resilience in corporate leadership narratives. Therefore, this chapter explores the nature of such challenges and opportunities by worldwide leaders and addresses them by using various strategies with the use of technology, especially in the pre- and post-pandemic era. Additionally, this chapter also contributes to a country-wise comparison to analyze the factors that collectively play a vital role in industry activation and revitalization.
Knowledge-Oriented Leadership for Tourist Guidance Professions
Authors: Zorlu Özcan , Avan Ali , Aytekin Engin , Baytok Ahmet
Published: February 2023

Combining the dimensions of knowledge-oriented leadership and tourist guidance, this chapter unequivocally renders that tourist guides could be treated as KOLs, provided that they are conscious of the value of knowledge and interpretation. A conceptual analysis was made in order to highlight a thorough comprehension of knowledge-oriented tourist guidance. Accordingly, knowledge-oriented leadership and its relationship with tourist guidance, the profession of tourist guidance and the relevance of the knowledge provided in tourist guidance, and knowledge-based leadership responsibilities of tourist guides were emphasized. This study advances the body of knowledge by demonstrating the necessity of knowledge-based tourist guidance. The researchers asserted that this chapter could benefit leaders in the hospitality and tourism industries as well as the tourist guides who stress the value of knowledge for professional development, employing it as a leadership tool while delivering tours.
Perceived Challenges of Self-Leadership in Outdoor Recreation Activities
Authors: Bingol Serhat
Published: February 2023

Leadership in outdoor recreation activities was mainly described with the outdoor leadership approach. However, outdoor leadership deals with group management. Therefore, it is essential to reveal the perceived challenges in outdoor recreation activities with the self-leadership approach since self-leadership strategies influence performance positively. These strategies, behavior-focused, natural reward, and constructive thought pattern strategies, motivate individuals for productive behaviors. Even though these strategies improve individuals, they still confront some challenges in leading themselves. In this context, this study aims to reveal the perceived challenges of self-leadership in camping and rock-climbing activities to help the success of participants. Since the research was planned as qualitative research to understand participants rather than explain them, the RSLQ factors were adapted as interview questions to reveal perceived challenges. Results showed that participants cope with 26 perceived challenges before, during, and after camping and rock-climbing activities.
The Role of Human Centricity in the Transition From Industry 4.0 to Industry 5.0
Authors: Castagnoli Rebecca , Cugno Monica , Maroncelli Silvia , Cugno Anna
Published: February 2023

In 2021 the European Commission presented the report “Industry 5.0: Towards Sustainable, Human-Centric and Resilient European Industry.” However, there is no clarity in the literature on the concept of human-centricity, and there is a lack of clear definitions, and intercurrent relationships are not identified. The chapter aims to assess, critique, and synthesize literature on the topic to enable a firm foundation for advancing knowledge and facilitating theory development. The study answers three research questions: RQ1) What are the concepts that identify the human-centric approach in firms' management? RQ2) What are the main definitions of the concepts and their gaps, overlaps, similarities, or contrasts? RQ3) What are the intervening relationships between the concepts and definitions that guide the implementation of human-centric Industry 4.0 or 5.0? The chapter implements an integrative literature review and contributes to the literature through the creation of a conceptual framework, useful for the promotion and application of a human-centric approach in Industry 4.0 and 5.0.
A Review on Diversity, Equality, and Inclusion Approach in Companies
Authors: Avci Ayla
Published: February 2023

The acceleration of globalization in the world as a result of the development of technology and transportation means in the process from the development of the industrial revolution to the present day has also led to an increase in international labor migration. Although labor migration is among the most criticized issues, it is actually an important criterion in providing the workforce to meet the change needs of companies in the process called the new normal after the COVİD-19 pandemic. Undoubtedly, different ideas and talents coming from the workforce from different countries come to the fore in the success of multinational companies that have increased in recent years. Under the title of diversity, equality, and inclusiveness practice, senior managers in companies should adopt the corporate culture that gathers employees of different races, languages, colors, religions, and beliefs under one roof and pay attention to ensuring equal rights.
Digital Identity Powered Health Ecosystems
Authors: Vasiliu-Feltes Ingrid
Published: February 2023

The United Nations (UN) and World Bank ID4D initiatives aim to provide everyone on the planet with a legal identity by 2030. They are centered around emerging technologies such as blockchain, artificial intelligence, biometrics, and cryptography, and how they can benefit the underprivileged. However, all stakeholders that can influence the creation of a global digital identity ecosystem will have to collaborate closely in order to be successful. Governments, not-for-profit institutions, lawmakers, policymakers, private sector, and academia should all play a vital role. While the fintech industry has been a leader in driving adoption of digital identity, the healthcare and life sciences industries are widely regarded as equally important, as they have a crucial impact on the global economy and global public health. For long term sustainability, meaningful impact and optimal value creation, we must focus on building global health ecosystems where traditional industry boundaries will become irrelevant, and we transition towards a human-centric personalized medicine model.
A Context-Aware System to Support Personalized Clinical Pathways Using OWL and SWRL
Authors: Christopoulou Stella C.
Published: February 2023

The healthcare sector is crucial for the health and well-being of citizens, and many research efforts are being carried out which aim to support people's health and ultimately improve their quality of life. As a result, there is a growing need for technology-based solutions to support people in providing health services. In this chapter, research is presented which aims to develop a conceptual framework that supports personalized healthcare for pervasive computing that allows monitoring the health and wellbeing of patients anytime and anywhere. Thus, the author proposes virtual health mentor (vhMentor), an ontological and a rule-based model for the representation of knowledge and the exportation of the required interpretations. In case vhMentor detects a health problem, it will send a notification to the patient with instructions, while alternatively caregivers will be notified to investigate the problem and provide help. The system is expected to offer assisted living to long-term patients, improve their quality of life, and to reduce health costs and the caregivers' overwork.
Design and Performance Evaluation of a Low-Cost Domestic Level Filter to Treat Kitchen Wastewater
Authors: Paranagama P. G. K. , Chaminda G. T. , Rupasinghe C. P.
Published: February 2023

The aspects of water security mainly govern by the availability and the quality of the water. As foreseen, use of portable fresh water for landscape irrigation can be a problem in the future. This research study was carried out with objectives of characterizing the raw kitchen wastewater (KWW), designing a domestic level filter for treating KWW and evaluating the removal efficiency of newly designed filter for reuse purpose. Four combinations of treatment systems were used namely in an order, sand and gravel layer, sand and bricks, sand and bricks with a coco peat layer and sand, bricks, coco peat and activated charcoal units for filtering. Raw kitchen wastewater samples were collected three times per day and made a composite sample by mixing equal proportion of each. Water quality parameters were measured before and after treatment of the KWW and compared with the Central Environmental Authority, Sri Lanka (CEA) standards. The average pH, Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) and oil content in raw KWW was significantly higher than CEA standards. Based on results, raw KWW cannot be reuse for irrigation and it requires adequate treatment prior irrigation. The quality of filtrate from treatment system four resulted with the mean values of pH, electrical conductivity, temperature, total dissolved solids, COD and oil content and respectively quantitative figures were 7.2 ,0.65 mS cm-1, 29.5°C, 230.1 mg L-1, 365 mg L-1 and 2.8 g L-1 .The combination of sand, bricks, coco peat and activated charcoal filter filtrated effluent was within the CEA standards, which can be reuse for irrigation.
Testing the Validity of the Triple Deficit Hypothesis in the Presence of Trade Liberalization: Evidence from Sri Lanka
Authors: Jayasiriwardana O. , Perera S. , Perera A.
Published: February 2023

Sri Lanka is a classic twin deficits economy characterised by fiscal dominance - high deficits and public debt. This has manifested in a high degree of macroeconomic volatility, evidenced by its frequent balance-of-payments crises and instability. This study assesses the validity of the triple deficit hypothesis in Sri Lanka in the presence of trade liberalisation by investigating the causal association between fiscal deficit, current account deficit, and financial account deficit with a four-variate ARDL framework with Granger causality test for the period 1970-2020. The empirical findings imply that the triple deficit has widened with trade liberalisation. The output of the ARDL bound cointegrating test suggests that there is a long-run relationship between the selected variables, whilst the Granger causality test demonstrates that bidirectional causal associations exist between financial account deficit and fiscal deficit and one-way causal relationships run from fiscal deficit to current account deficit and from financial account deficit to current account deficit.
El protagonismo de la imagen en la prensa.
Authors: Minervini Mariana , Pedrazzini Ana
Published: February 2023

En las últimas décadas se fue gestando a escala mundial una cultura eminentemente visual, impulsada por la expansión y consolidación del medio televisivo y más recientemente por Internet. Esta situación impuso verdaderos desafíos a la prensa escrita, la cual se vio condicionada por la presencia de una sociedad inundada por imágenes y con un público con renovados hábitos lectores -caracterizado por una lectura veloz y fragmentada.
Las transformaciones más radicales se pueden vislumbrar en la década del 80 donde las tecnologías tuvieron un fuerte impacto en la prensa gráfica lo cual permitió la incorporación de la informatización y por ende, el empleo de nuevos recursos visuales. Ante la inminente supremacía de la imagen, los medios gráficos se valieron de herramientas ya establecidas en la prensa, las fotografías, y generaron nuevas: las infografías.
A partir de este contexto, nos interesó profundizar y analizar la importancia que tiene la imagen en la prensa escrita en una cultura determinada. Para ello llevamos adelante una investigación para una tesis de grado denominada: “Realización de un suplemento para la mujer pensado para La Voz del Interior que utilice como herramientas principales la fotografía y la infografía”. Es decir, que este suplemento estaría enmarcado en el principal diario de la ciudad de Córdoba, Argentina y se haría un trabajo profundo de empleo de imágenes.
Con el fin de realizar un producto acorde al contexto de producción, indagamos acerca del papel que debía tener la imagen dentro del suplemento para la mujer. Para ello, encuestamos a 225 mujeres de esta ciudad intentando determinar sobretodo, cuál es la importancia que le dan a la imagen periodística e indagar acerca del conocimiento que tienen de uno de los recursos periodísticos de nuestro interés: la infografía. Este último interrogante se debió a que este es un recurso que actualmente alcanzó una notable presencia en las páginas de los diarios, adaptándose a las exigencias de la sociedad de hoy.
Atypical Presentation of Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitor-Induced Diarrhea in Older Adults with Cognitive Decline: An Aspect not to be Underestimated
Authors: Pagliuca Raffaele , Papa Mario Virgilio , Ilaria Pagliuca Mena , Papa Virginia Federica , Varricchio Gina
Published: February 2023

The rivastigmine patch is the only existing transdermal delivery system used for the treatment of Alzheimer disease. Among the most common adverse events derived from its use are gastrointestinal events, particularly diarrhea. We report a clinical case of an 81-year-old patient admitted to our hospital under long-standing treatment with rivastigmine transdermal patch who presented with atypical watery diarrhea. Anamnesis showed that the patient presented with a likely infectious gastroenteric event, the diarrheal symptoms of which persisted upon resolution of the event and resolved only upon temporary discontinuation of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors. Failure to rapidly identify the causes of profuse diarrhea in older adults can have lethal consequences. When these symptoms occur, quickly recognizing the causes and providing proper management can be lifesaving.
Night Time Gadget Use and Quality of Sleep among Health Science Students in Bangalore, India
Authors: Lis Thomas P. , Gurung R. , Mahalakshmi M.
Published: February 2023

INTRODUCTION: Electronic gadgets have become a necessity for modern life, and unstructured use of these devices can result in sleep disturbances among youth in the digital era. This study correlated patterns of nighttime electronic gadget use and quality of sleep among health science students.METHODS: Cross-sectional research study was conducted among 243 health science students of selected colleges in Bangalore. The subjects comprised students from pharmacy 79 (32.6%), physiotherapy 79 (32.6%) and nursing 84 (34.7%). A self-administered questionnaire was used to collect demographic information on nighttime electronic gadget use. Sleep quality was assessed using Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). RESULTS: Watching movies (43.6%), communicating (36.1%) and academic use (20.3%) were the most reported purposes of nighttime gadget use among the students. 22.8 % of the participants were using the gadgets for 2-4 hours and 7.5 % of the students used them for more than 5 hours at night. Linear regression analysis revealed that the habit of checking one’s phone at night and staying up late at night had an impact on the daytime activity of students. Subjective sleep quality, sleep latency, sleep duration and sleep efficiency were significantly affected by nighttime gadget use.CONCLUSION: Unrestricted gadget use during nighttime can result in sleep-deprived individuals who may not be able to perform as efficiently. Effective measures should be initiated to structure the use of technologies.