bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Impact of child labor in stone quarries on his health status in El- Minia city
Authors: EL-Aty Naglaa Saad Abd , EL-Ghany Nazek Ibrahim Abd , Moftah Farag Mohammed , Labeeb Shokria Adly , Mohammed Awatef Abdel-Razak
Published: September 2016

Background: Child labor today represents the largest single cause of child abuse across the global. Most of it takes place in economically less developed countries and much is hidden.Objectives: The aims of this study were to found out the nature and impact of child labor in the stone quarries on his health status and assess the work hazards associated with these concern.Methods Design: A descriptive comparative design was used .Setting: at stone quarries in El-Minia city and two Governmental schools (primary and preparatory).Sample: Study consisted sample of two groups: two hundred working children (studied group) and three hundred school children as control group.Tools: Three tools were developed and utilized. Socio-demographic characteristics, assessment sheet, and Observation check list.Results: It was found that the mean age studied group was 13.0± 1.2, compared to 12.0± 1.2for control group. More than half of studied group of studied group were working for the need to money and to share in family income. About two third of studied group exposed to different types of injuries during work in quarry. There was statistical significant difference between studied and control group groups regarding body mass index physical assessment and bad habits. Also the results of this study explored that most of studied group exposed to all items of work hazards.Conclusion: It can be concluded that almost all working children in stone quarries were facing much health complains and working hazards.Recommendations: Quarries owners should provide all working children with appropriate protective measures and trained them on methods of protecting themselves from work hazards.
KELONGGARAN PEMILIHAN DAN PENEMPATAN LEKSIKON SEBAGAI FITUR KESANTUNAN BERTUTUR MASYARAKAT JAWA PESISIR
Authors: M. Suryadi M
Published: September 2016

Politeness of Java coastal communities have a uniqueness when compared with the politeness of standard Javalanguage. Distinctiveness of its identity can beusedas a coastal community. Characteristic politeness Javanese coastal communities visible in the selection and placement of the lexiconon syntagmatic sequence. Selection of the lexicon is determined more by socio-cultural factors Javanese coastal communities. Placement of the lexicon is determined assuming more speakers than the alternation rules that apply in the standard Java language. The selection and placement of the lexicon in politeness Java coastal communities freed the standard Java language alternation rules.
FILSAFAT ILMU KARL R. POPPER DAN THOMAS S. KUHN SERTA IMPLIKASINYA DALAM PENGAJARAN ILMU
Authors: Subekti Slamet
Published: September 2016

This article discusses about philosophy of science according to Karl R. Popper and Thomas S. Kuhn. There are similarities and differences between their views about how progress and what function of science.Apparently both Popper and Kuhn agree that science does not proceed by induction. However Kuhn disagrees with the view that science progresses by falsifiability through conjectures and refutations, but occurance by paradigm shift. Popper and Kuhn’s disagreement amounted to a distinction between two functions within the practice of science, one of criticism (Popper) and one of puzzle solving (Kuhn).Science education implies the teaching and learning of science interesting and fruitful in one hand, and teachers should be role models to students in the other hand
Lifetime-based memory management for distributed data processing systems
Authors: Lu Lu , Shi Xuanhua , Zhou Yongluan , Zhang Xiong , Jin Hai , Pei Cheng , He Ligang , Geng Yuanzhen
Published: September 2016

In-memory caching of intermediate data and eager combining of data in shuffle buffers have been shown to be very effective in minimizing the re-computation and I/O cost in distributed data processing systems like Spark and Flink. However, it has also been widely reported that these techniques would create a large amount of long-living data objects in the heap, which may quickly saturate the garbage collector, especially when handling a large dataset, and hence would limit the scalability of the system. To eliminate this problem, we propose a lifetime-based memory management framework, which, by automatically analyzing the user-defined functions and data types, obtains the expected lifetime of the data objects, and then allocates and releases memory space accordingly to minimize the garbage collection overhead. In particular, we present Deca, a concrete implementation of our proposal on top of Spark, which transparently decomposes and groups objects with similar lifetimes into byte arrays and releases their space altogether when their lifetimes come to an end. An extensive experimental study using both synthetic and real datasets shows that, in comparing to Spark, Deca is able to 1) reduce the garbage collection time by up to 99.9%, 2) to achieve up to 22.7x speed up in terms of execution time in cases without data spilling and 41.6x speedup in cases with data spilling, and 3) to consume up to 46.6% less memory.
Fast queries over heterogeneous data through engine customization
Authors: Karpathiotakis Manos , Alagiannis Ioannis , Ailamaki Anastasia
Published: September 2016

Industry and academia are continuously becoming more data-driven and data-intensive, relying on the analysis of a wide variety of heterogeneous datasets to gain insights. The different data models and formats pose a significant challenge on performing analysis over a combination of diverse datasets. Serving all queries using a single, general-purpose query engine is slow. On the other hand, using a specialized engine for each heterogeneous dataset increases complexity: queries touching a combination of datasets require an integration layer over the different engines.

This paper presents a system design that natively supports heterogeneous data formats and also minimizes query execution times. For multi-format support, the design uses an expressive query algebra which enables operations over various data models. For minimal execution times, it uses a code generation mechanism to mimic the system and storage most appropriate to answer a query fast. We validate our design by building Proteus, a query engine which natively supports queries over CSV, JSON, and relational binary data, and which specializes itself to each query, dataset, and workload via code generation. Proteus outperforms state-of-the-art open-source and commercial systems on both synthetic and real-world workloads without being tied to a single data model or format, all while exposing users to a single query interface.
Data-driven visual graph query interface construction and maintenance
Authors: Bhowmick Sourav S. , Choi Byron , Dyreson Curtis
Published: September 2016

Visual query interfaces make it easy for scientists and other nonexpert users to query a data collection. Heretofore, visual query interfaces have been statically-constructed, independent of the data. In this paper we outline a vision of a different kind of interface, one that is built (in part) from the data. In our
data-driven
approach, the visual interface is
dynamically
constructed and maintained. A data-driven approach has many benefits such as reducing the cost in constructing and maintaining an interface, superior support for query formulation, and increased portability of the interface. We focus on graph databases, but our approach is applicable to several other kinds of databases such as JSON and XML.
Exploiting soft and hard correlations in big data query optimization
Authors: Liu Hai , Xiao Dongqing , Didwania Pankaj , Eltabakh Mohamed Y.
Published: September 2016

Big data infrastructures are increasingly supporting datasets that are relatively structured. These datasets are full of correlations among their attributes, which if managed in systematic ways would enable optimization opportunities that otherwise will be missed. Unlike relational databases in which discovering and exploiting the correlations in query optimization have been extensively studied, in big data infrastructures, such important data properties and their utilization have been mostly abandoned. The key reason is that domain experts may know many correlations but with a degree of
uncertainty
(
fuzziness
or
softness
). Since the data is big, it is very challenging to validate such correlations, judge their worthiness, and put strategies for utilizing them in query optimization. Existing techniques for exploiting soft correlations in RDBMSs, e.g., BHUNT, CORDS, and CM, are heavily tailored towards optimizing factors inherent in relational databases, e.g., predicate selectivity and random I/O accesses of secondary indexes, which are issues not applicable to big data infrastructures, e.g., Hadoop.

In this paper, we propose the
EXORD
system to fill in this gap by exploiting the data's correlations in big data query optimization. EXORD supports two types of correlations;
hard
correlations---which are guaranteed to hold for all data records, and soft correlations---which are expected to hold for most, but not all, data records. We introduce a new three-phase approach for (1) Validating and judging the worthiness of soft correlations, (2) Selecting and preparing the soft correlations for deployment by specially handling the violating data records, and (3) Deploying and exploiting the correlations in query optimization. We propose a novel cost-benefit model for adaptively selecting the most beneficial soft correlations w.r.t a given query workload while minimizing the introduced overhead. We show the complexity of this problem (NP-Hard), and propose a heuristic to efficiently solve it in a polynomial time. EXORD can be integrated with various state-of-art big data query optimization techniques, e.g., indexing and partitioning. EXORD prototype is implemented as an extension to the Hive engine on top of Hadoop. The experimental evaluation shows the potential of EXORD in achieving more than 10x speedup while introducing minimal storage overheads.
Index-assisted hierarchical computations in main-memory RDBMS
Authors: Brunel Robert , May Norman , Kemper Alfons
Published: September 2016

We address the problem of expressing and evaluating computations on hierarchies represented as database tables. Engine support for such computations is very limited today, and so they are usually outsourced into stored procedures or client code. Recently, data model and SQL language extensions were proposed to conveniently represent and work with hierarchies. On that basis we introduce a concept of structural grouping to relational algebra, provide concise syntax to express a class of useful computations, and discuss algorithms to evaluate them efficiently by exploiting available indexing schemes. This extends the versatility of RDBMS towards a great many use cases dealing with hierarchical data.
Optimization of conjunctive predicates for main memory column stores
Authors: Kastrati Fisnik , Moerkotte Guido
Published: September 2016

Optimization of queries with conjunctive predicates for main memory databases remains a challenging task. The traditional way of optimizing this class of queries relies on predicate ordering based on selectivities or ranks. However, the optimization of queries with conjunctive predicates is a much more challenging task, requiring a holistic approach in view of (1) an accurate cost model that is aware of CPU architectural characteristics such as branch (mis)prediction, (2) a storage layer, allowing for a streamlined query execution, (3) a common subexpression elimination technique, minimizing column access costs, and (4) an optimization algorithm able to pick the optimal plan even in presence of a small (bounded) estimation error. In this work, we embrace the holistic approach, and show its superiority experimentally.

Current approaches typically base their optimization algorithms on at least one of two assumptions: (1) the predicate selectivities are assumed to be independent, (2) the predicate costs are assumed to be constant. Our approach is not based on these assumptions, as they in general do not hold.
Incremental computation of common windowed holistic aggregates
Authors: Wesley Richard , Xu Fei
Published: September 2016

Windowed aggregates are a SQL 2003 feature for computing aggregates in moving windows. Common examples include cumulative sums, local maxima and moving quantiles. With the advent over the last few years of easy-to-use data analytics tools, these functions are becoming widely used by more and more analysts, but some aggregates (such as local maxima) are much easier to compute than others (such as moving quantiles). Nevertheless, aggregates that are more difficult to compute, like quantile and mode (or "most frequent") provide more appropriate statistical summaries in the common situation when a distribution is not Gaussian and are an essential part of a data analysis toolkit.

Recent work has described highly efficient windowed implementations of the most common aggregate function categories, including
distributive
1
aggregates such as cumulative sums and algebraic aggregates such as moving averages. But little has been published on either the implementation or the performance of the more complex
holistic
windowed aggregates such as moving quantiles.

This paper provides the first in-depth study of how to efficiently implement the three most common holistic windowed aggregates (count distinct, mode and quantile) by reusing the aggregate state between consecutive frames. Our measurements show that these incremental algorithms generally achieve improvements of about 10x over naïve implementations, and that they can effectively detect when to reset the internal state during extreme frame variation.
Dopamine Activation Preserves Visual Motion Perception Despite Noise Interference of Human V5/MT
Authors: Yousif Nada , Fu Richard Z. , Abou-El-Ela Bourquin Bilal , Bhrugubanda Vamsee , Schultz Simon R. , Seemungal Barry M.
Published: September 2016

When processing sensory signals, the brain must account for noise, both noise in the stimulus and that arising from within its own neuronal circuitry. Dopamine receptor activation is known to enhance both visual cortical signal-to-noise-ratio (SNR) and visual perceptual performance; however, it is unknown whether these two dopamine-mediated phenomena are linked. To assess this, we used single-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) applied to visual cortical area V5/MT to reduce the SNR focally and thus disrupt visual motion discrimination performance to visual targets located in the same retinotopic space. The hypothesis that dopamine receptor activation enhances perceptual performance by improving cortical SNR predicts that dopamine activation should antagonize TMS disruption of visual perception. We assessed this hypothesis via a double-blinded, placebo-controlled study with the dopamine receptor agonists cabergoline (a D2 agonist) and pergolide (a D1/D2 agonist) administered in separate sessions (separated by 2 weeks) in 12 healthy volunteers in a William's balance-order design. TMS degraded visual motion perception when the evoked phosphene and the visual stimulus overlapped in time and space in the placebo and cabergoline conditions, but not in the pergolide condition. This suggests that dopamine D1 or combined D1 and D2 receptor activation enhances cortical SNR to boost perceptual performance. That local visual cortical excitability was unchanged across drug conditions suggests the involvement of long-range intracortical interactions in this D1 effect. Because increased internal noise (and thus lower SNR) can impair visual perceptual learning, improving visual cortical SNR via D1/D2 agonist therapy may be useful in boosting rehabilitation programs involving visual perceptual training.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTIn this study, we address the issue of whether dopamine activation improves visual perception despite increasing sensory noise in the visual cortex. We show specifically that dopamine D1 (or combined D1/D2) receptor activation enhances the cortical signal-to-noise-ratio to boost perceptual performance. Together with the previously reported effects of dopamine upon brain plasticity and learning (Wolf et al., 2003; Hansen and Manahan-Vaughan, 2014), our results suggest that combining rehabilitation with dopamine agonists could enhance both the saliency of the training signal and the long-term effects on brain plasticity to boost rehabilitation regimens for brain injury.
The Unveiling, An Introduction
Authors: Margulies Ivone , Rich B. Ruby
Published: September 2016

FQ's Editor-in-Chief and guest issue editor Ivone Margulies introduce FQ's dossier on the work of Belgian filmmaker Chantal Akerman, who died unexpectedly in 2015.
A Neon Sign, A Soup Tureen: The Jeanne Dielman Universe
Authors: Mulvey Laura
Published: September 2016

This essay begins by placing Jeanne Dielman, 23, quai du Commerce, 1080 Bruxelles in the context of its theatrical release in 1976, considering, first of all, its screening at the Edinburgh Film Festival and then the importance of the film both in its own right and within feminist experimental filmmaking at the time. To analyze a film that has, over the last forty years, been the subject of extremely illuminating critical writing, the essay focuses on its relation to the domestic melodrama, with particular attention to the topography of Jeanne's apartment, its mise-en-scene, the film's use of language, and its undercurrent of humor.
Chantal Akerman, between the Mother and the World
Authors: Araujo Mateus , Cohen Mark
Published: September 2016

This article addresses the ever-present theme of mother-daughter relations that pervades the films of Chantal Akerman. It haunts all of Akerman's work, a fact she has never tried to hide and which she admitted directly to the author of this article in a discussion at the Pompidou Center on June 7, 2011: “The only subject of my films is my mother.” Araujo examines three dominant motifs as they relate to the larger theme of the mother in a selection of Akerman's films that span her life's work: playacting, the mother and the world, and the mother and the night.
The Long Take, Mastery
Authors: Béghin Cyril , Cohen Mark
Published: September 2016

One dimension of the long take in Chantal Akerman's films is rarely cited for its own sake: that the long take records “real time,” that it inscribes and sublimates the banality of an everyday action by respecting its duration, that it bears witness to a waiting become infinite, one open to various historical dimensions, that it portrays faces and bodies in the fragile persistence of an emotion. All of this is accurate, but is of somewhat secondary importance next to the primary relation the image establishes; whether she is filming people or things, alienating interiors or deserted landscapes, Akerman uses duration to summon the viewer to an aesthetic relation. This article discusses the following Akerman films in light of the filmmaker's use of the long take: Portrait d'une jeune fille de la fin des années 60 à Bruxelles (1994), Toute une nuit (1982), Un divan à New York (1996), Nuit et jour (1991), La Captive (2000), News from Home (1977), Là-bas (2006), La folie Almayer (2011), No Home Movie (2015), Je tu il elle (1974), L'Homme à la valise (2004), Le Déménagement (1992), D'Est (1993), and Les rendez-vous d'Anna (1978).
What Is at Stake: Gender, Race, Media, or How to Brexit Hollywood
Authors: Rich B. Ruby
Published: September 2016

FQ Editor-in-Chief's quarterly roundup of the issue, her roadmap for navigating the ideas, authors, films, TV shows, and interviews featured within the issue, and a nod to FQ's coming attractions.
A Thousand Suns: Traversing the Archive and Transforming Documentary in Mati Diop's Mille Soleils
Authors: Williams James S.
Published: September 2016

This article explores the aesthetic and political implications of the 2013 experimental short Mille Soleils (A Thousand Suns) by the Franco-Senegalese director Mati Diop. Placing it within the specific context of Djibril Diop Mambety's legendary 1973 feature, Touki Bouki, which it references directly, the article reveals how Diop (Mambety's niece) crafts an urgent, sensuous, and highly original form of documentary fiction that draws on, and extends, the historical impurity of African documentary. By plugging into the rich intertextual imaginary of cinema and engaging poetically with notions of found footage and the everyday (including that of Touki-Bouki's main actor, Magaye Niang, still living in Dakar forty years later), Mille Soleils, as Williams argues, produces an inclusive wide frame open simultaneously to the personal and historical, social and political. In the process, it both projects a new vision of documentary form and reconceives the very nature of the archive in African cinema.
Screenings
Authors: Smith Paul Julian
Published: September 2016

FQ Columnist Paul Julian Smith discusses a new cinematic phenomenon that has emerged in Mexico in the last five years: the transgender documentary. Three features have appeared so far, all by first-time directors: Morir de pie (To Die Standing Up, Jacaranda Correa, 2011), Quebranto (Disrupted, Roberto Fiesco, 2013), and Made in Bangkok (Flavio Florencio, 2015). The films are self-proclaimed stories of love, even as they testify intermittently to disruption or affliction (quebranto, from quebrar or “to break” as cited in one title). This article examines the three commonalities of these films: they address their protagonists’ activity either in the performing arts or in politics; their geographical reach extends beyond the borders of the Mexican state; and their transnational narratives break out of the barriers of subjectivity to embrace an analysis of intersubjectivity.
Early detection of diabetic neuropathy by investigating CNFL and IENFD in thy1-YFP mice
Authors: Leckelt Janine , Guimarães Pedro , Kott Annett , Ruggeri Alfredo , Stachs Oliver , Baltrusch Simone
Published: September 2016

Small fiber neuropathy is one of the most common and painful long-term complications of diabetes mellitus. Examination of the sub-basal corneal nerve plexus is a promising surrogate marker of diabetic neuropathy. To investigate the efficacy, reliability and reproducibility of in vivo corneal confocal microscopy (IVCCM), we used thy1-YFP mice, which express yellow fluorescence protein (YFP) in nerve fibers. 4 weeks after multiple low-dose injections of streptozotocin, thy1-YFP mice showed manifest diabetes. Subsequent application of insulin-releasing pellets for 8 weeks resulted in a significant reduction of blood glucose concentration and HbA1c, a significant increase in body weight and no further increase in advanced glycation end products (AGEs). IVCCM, carried out regularly over 12 weeks and analyzed both manually and automatically, revealed a significant loss of corneal nerve fiber length (CNFL) during diabetes manifestation and significant recovery after insulin therapy. Ex vivo analyses of CNFL by YFP-based microscopy confirmed the IVCCM results (with high sensitivity between manual and automated approaches) but demonstrated that the changes were restricted to the central cornea. Peripheral areas, not accessible by IVCCM in mice, remained virtually unaffected. Because parallel assessment of intraepidermal nerve fiber density revealed no changes, we conclude that IVCCM robustly captures early signs of diabetic neuropathy.
Prótesis de Superficie de cadera en presencia de osteosíntesis femoral proximal. Presentación de un caso
Authors: Valdez Sebastián E. , Ghioldi Juan Pablo , Arregui Mariano
Published: September 2016

Describimos un caso de reemplazo de superficie de cadera en un paciente con artrosis posterior a necrosis ósea avascular y material de osteosíntesis femoral proximal de difícil extracción. Con las prótesis de superficie se logran buenos resultados si la indicación y la técnica quirúrgica son las correctas. En este caso, facilitó mucho la artroplastia, con un muy buen resultado funcional; se evita una cirugía con mayor morbilidad y una tasa más alta de complicaciones y revisiones, como ocurre con los reemplazos de cadera convencionales tras el retiro de la osteosíntesis proximal de fémur. Los cirujanos de cadera atendemos a estos pacientes con frecuencia; estamos seguros de que este tipo de cirugías debe incluirse en nuestro arsenal terapéutico. A pesar de las desventajas de esta artroplastia (fricción metal/metal, curva de aprendizaje, fracturas del cuello femoral), consideramos que, en estos casos, dichas complicaciones están compensadas por la simplicidad del procedimiento.
Condromatosis sinovial extraarticular de pie. Reporte de un caso y revisión de la bibliografía.
Authors: Corinaldesi Emilio Carlos
Published: September 2016

La condromatosis sinovial es una lesión poco frecuente caracterizada por la metaplasia cartilaginosa de la membrana sinovial de pequeñas y grandes articulaciones. Se suelen observar múltiples nódulos cartilaginosos y un grado variable de destrucción articular. Las manifestaciones clínicas son variables y dependen de la localización y el estadio de la enfermedad. Nuestra paciente concurrió con una tumoración en la planta del pie a nivel de la raíz del segundo y tercer dedo, de meses de evolución. Luego de los estudios por imágenes correspondientes y evidenciar la extensión dorsal de la lesión, se decidió realizar la resección en bloque a través de doble abordaje; el análisis anatomopatológico informó condromatosis sinovial. La ausencia de extensión intrarticular fue constatada en la cirugía. Este caso representa una manifestación poco frecuente de la patología no solo por su localización, sino también por su ubicación extrarticular. Según nuestra búsqueda bibliográfica, no se han publicado reportes de casos con condromatosis sinovial extrarticular avanzada (grado 3) en el antepié y creemos que debería ser considerada dentro de las lesiones tumorales de aspecto cartilaginoso en esta localización.
Patient Navigators and Parent Use of Quality Data: A Randomized Trial
Authors: Goff Sarah L. , Mazor Kathleen M. , Pekow Penelope S. , White Katharine O. , Priya Aruna , Lagu Tara , Guhn-Knight Haley , Murphy Lorna , Youssef Budway Yara , Lindenauer Peter K.
Published: September 2016

BACKGROUND:

Consumers rarely use publicly reported health care quality data. Despite known barriers to use, few studies have explored the effectiveness of strategies to overcome barriers in vulnerable populations.

METHODS:

This randomized controlled trial tested the impact of a patient navigator intervention to increase consumer use of publicly reported quality data. Patients attending an urban prenatal clinic serving a vulnerable population enrolled between May 2013 and January 2015. The intervention consisted of 2 in-person sessions in which women learned about quality performance and viewed scores for local practices on the Massachusetts Health Quality Partners Web site. Women in both the intervention and control arms received a pamphlet about health care quality. Primary study outcomes were mean clinical quality and patient experience scores of the practices women selected (range 1–4 stars).

RESULTS:

Nearly all (726/746; 97.3%) women completed the study, 59.7% were Hispanic, and 65.1% had a high school education or less. In both unadjusted and adjusted models, women in the intervention group chose practices with modestly higher mean clinical quality (3.2 vs 3.0 stars; P = .001) and patient experience (3.0 vs 2.9 stars; P = .05) scores. When asked to rate what factors mattered the most in their decision, few cited quality scores.

CONCLUSIONS:

An intervention to reduce barriers to using publicly reported health care quality data had a modest effect on patient choice. These findings suggest that factors other than performance on common publicly reported quality metrics have a stronger influence on which pediatric practices women choose.
РІВЕНЬ ПРОДУКТІВ ПЕРЕКИСНОГО ОКИСНЕННЯ ЛІПІДІВ У КРОВІ ЩУРІВ ЗА УМОВ ОКСИДАЦІЙНОГО СТРЕСУ ТА ЗА ДІЇ ЛІПОСОМАЛЬНОГО ПРЕПАРАТУ «БУТАСЕЛМЕВІТ»
Authors: Martyshuk T. V. , Gutyj B. V. , Vishchur O. I.
Published: September 2016

The article presents the results of investigation of the impact of stress on oxidative intensity of lipid per oxidation. It was proved that intramuscular injection of 50% solution of tetrachloromethane at a dose of 0.25 mL per 100 g of rat body causes the activation of free radical lipid oxidation with excessive accumulation of intermediate and final products of lipid peroxidation. Our results indicate that the development of oxidative stress leads to the significant acceleration of the formation and accumulation of lipid hydroperoxides and malondialdehyde (MDA) in plasma of rats. We registered the highest level of lipid hydroperoxides in rat blood plasma under oxidative stress on the second day of the experiment; it was 0.843 un/mL, whereas this index was 0.245 un/mL in the control group. We also revealed that the content of malondialdehyde was the highest in the experimental group on the fifth day of the experiment; it was almost 2 times higher than in control group.

We could recommend to apply the liposomal drug "Butaselmevit" which contains butafosfan, selenium, methionine, milk thistle, and vitamins for the inhibition of lipid peroxidation under the development of oxidative stress. It was proved that the parenteral injection of liposomal drug "Butaselmevit" to the rats for the development of oxidative stress leads to a reduction of peroxidation products level in their plasma. We revealed that the level of intermediate and final products of lipid peroxidation in the blood of rats that were used liposomal drug reached normal physiological values on the 14 day of the experiment. Our results suggested that the new liposomal drug "Butaselmevit" has definite antioxidant properties
WHAT IS COENONYMPHA TIANSHANICA CHOU, YUAN & ZHANG, 2001 (NYMPHALIDAE: SATYRINAE)?
Authors: Yakovlev R. V.
Published: September 2016

The article establishes a new synonym: Coenonympha tianshanica Chou, Yuan & Zhang, 2001 = Erebia haberhaueri circe Churkin, 2005 syn. nov., new combinations and the status Erebia haberhaueri tianshanica (Chou, Yuan & Zhang, 2001) comb. nov. & stat. nov. The species E. haberhaueri Staudinger, 1881 is reported for the fauna of China for the first time.
CHECK LIST OF NOCTUID MOTH (LEPIDOPTERA: NOCTUIDAE AND EREBIDAE EXCLUDING LYMANTRIINAE AND ARCTIINAE) FROM THE SAUR MOUNTAINS (EAST KAZAKHSTAN AND NORTH-EAST CHINA)
Authors: Volynkin A. V. , Titov S. V. , Černila M.
Published: September 2016

The paper contains data on the fauna of the Lepidoptera families Erebidae (excluding subfamilies Lymantriinae and Arctiinae) and Noctuidae of the Saur Mountains (East Kazakhstan). The check list includes 217 species. The map of collecting localities is presented.
A SURVEY OF EAST PALAEARCTIC GNAPHOSIDAE (ARANEAE). 7. REVIEW OF THE PARASYRISCA VINOSA-GROUP
Authors: Marusik Y. M. , Fomichev A. A.
Published: September 2016

A new species of ground spider, Parasyrisca golyakovi sp. n. is described based on female from the Altai Mountains. A previously unknown female of P. ulykpani Ovtsharenko, Platnick & Marusik, 1995 is described for the first time.
NEW DATA ON EASTERN LIMITS OF RANGES OF EGIRA ANATOLICA (M. HERING, 1933) AND EGIRA CONSPICILLARIS (LINNAEUS, 1758) (LEPIDOPTERA: NOCTUIDAE)
Authors: Volynkin A. V. , Titov S. V.
Published: September 2016

The paper contains new data on the easternmost limits of distribution of the noctuid species Egira anatolica (M. Hering, 1933) and Egira conspicillaris (Linnaeus, 1758). E. anatolica was found in eastern and northeastern Kazakhstan for the first time. Known eastern borders of the range of another Egira species, E. conspicillaris (Linnaeus, 1758) are corrected, in addition, the species is reported for Transcaucasia (Georgia) for the first time. The map of collecting localities of E. anatolica is presented, adults and male and female genitalia are illustrated.
ИЗУЧЕНИЕ ВЛИЯНИЯ ВИТАМИНОВ НА МОРФОГЕНЕЗ РАСТЕНИЙ-РЕГЕНЕРАНТОВ КАРТОФЕЛЯ IN VITRO В ЦЕЛЯХ ИНТЕНСИФИКАЦИИ ПРОИЗВОДСТВА ЭЛИТНОГО ПОСАДОЧНОГО МАТЕРИАЛА
Authors: Miakisheva E. P. , Tavartkiladze O. K. , Durnikin D. A.
Published: September 2016

The paper identifies the need to use the techniques of modern biotechnology in primary seed potatoes in the Russian Federation. At present time, the playback of potatoes does not meet current phytosanitary requirements, there is a low yield of potatoes in the whole country, and the region for a long period of time. Harvest potatoes annually produced in Russia is much lower than the world's, and does not meet the genetic capabilities used varieties. Modern methods of biotechnology have undeniable advantages and make it possible to carry out year-round operation for the production of elite planting material of potato. Effective implementation of such activities is provided by careful selection of plant cultivation conditions in vitro, selecting specifically for each class of nutrient media and the individual components of the environment, providing maximum parameters of plant growth and productivity in the future. During the studies the authors studied the effect of vitamin nutrient medium component of the recipe Murashige and Skoog medium, containing in its composition, thiamine, pyridoxine and niacin. These substances are involved in the co-enzymes and biochemical reactions mngih plants. The effect of vitamin complex on the performance of the above-ground parts of the plant (plant height and number of internodes), as well as indicators of root formation (number and length of roots) for plants regenerated total of four potato varieties: Adretta, Red Scarlett, Lubava and Kuznechanka. In the course of the study demonstrated a positive effect of vitamin component indicators of plant morphogenesis. For each class chosen his optimal ratio growth medium.

 
ВПЛИВ НОРМИ ВИСІВУ НАСІННЯ, СТРОКУ СІВБИ ТА РЕЖИМУ МІНЕРАЛЬНОГО ЖИВЛЕННЯ НА ПРОДУКТИВНІСТЬ ПШЕНИЦІ ЯРОЇ В ПІВНІЧНОМУ СТЕПУ УКРАЇНИ
Authors: Gyrka A. D. , Kulyk I. O.
Published: September 2016

We investigated the effect of seeding rate and nutrition regime on the growth and development of spring wheat plants on different seeding dates. By monitoring the growth and development of spring wheat we determined that increasing of stand density of crops up to 6 million/ha contributed to better growth, but the worst development of plants. Due to higher moisturizing, the effect of fertilizers on biometric indicators of spring wheat was stronger, than the seeding of culture in the first period. The root system and aboveground part of plants on the background of N40P20K20 was more developed than in control variants. It is established that the seeding rate of 5.0 million/ha is optimal for sowing in the first period with fertilizing by N40P20K20 the seeding rate up to 6 million/ha was optimal for the second period – with increasing seeding rate to 6 million pcs./ha. These options provide the yield of spring wheat in the Northern Steppe at 2.04 and 1.97 t/ha, respectively. The use of fertilizers has ensured the increase in all seeding rate at 0,41-0,45 t/ha at the first period and 0,44-0,52 t/ha at the second seeding time compared with the control yields

 
СТИМУЛЯЦИЯ УЛЬТРАЗВУКОМ НАКОПЛЕНИЯ БИОМАССЫ МОЛОЧНОКИСЛЫХ И ПРОПИОНОВОКИСЛЫХ БАКТЕРИЙ ПРИ ГЛУБИННОМ КУЛЬТИВИРОВАНИИ
Authors: Durnikin D. A. , Silantyeva M. M. , Ereshchenko O. V.
Published: September 2016

Lactic and propionic bacteria are actively used as feed and food biopreservatives. The industrial production of these bacteria is carried out using known standard biotechnological approaches and equipment. However, the modern requirements to the volumes of their production require the development of new technologies providing the more intensive growth of bacterial biomass. One of the possible ways to do it is the use of nonspecific stimulators of chemical or physical origin. The stimulating effect of ultrasound on live systems attracts attention of many researchers. Depending on the sonication parameters and conditions, the impact of ultrasound on cell cultures can either stimulate or suppress their life processes. The possibility of the ultrasound stimulation of the biomass accumulation process has been studied for submerged bacterial cultures of Lactococcus lactis VPKM B-2092, Lactobacillus plantarum VPKM B-4173, and Propionibacterium acidipropionici VPKM B-2092. The inoculum with cell contentration of 1 · 108 mL-1 was sonicated at 880 kHz and energy density varied within 0.1-0.7 W/cm3 using a specially designed cuvette, through which the cell suspension was introduced into a fermenter at a rate of 10 mL/s that provided the total sonication time equal to 100-120 seconds. As a signal source, a standard therapeutical ultrasound apparatus UZT-1.01F equipped with a sweep generator was used.

For all three cultures, the ultrasound stimulation resulted in a significant increase in the optical density of culture broth comparing to the control and the corresponding increase of the cell concentration. The optimum sonication energy density for the Lactococcus lactis VPKM B-2092, Lactobacillus plantarum VPKM B-4173, and Propionibacterium acidipropionici VPKM B-2092 was equal to 0.5, 0.3-0.5 и 0.3 W/cm3, respectively. Comparing to the control, the cell count of these strains in the culture broth increased in 28.6, 9, and 16.7 times, respectively.

Thus, the ultrasound stimulation of inoculum provides a significant increase in the biomass of cells producing lactic and propionic acid that, in turn, increases the economic efficiency of their industrial use. Since the mechanisms of such stimulating action of ultrasound are well-studied, and the exploitation of ultrasound generators is simple and cheap, the further development of the ultrasound stimulation approach seems to be very promising for the industrial microbiology.

 
Organic-Inorganic Hybrid Encapsulation for P3HT Field-Effect Transistors
Authors: Kawashima Noriyuki , Nomoto Kazumasa , Wada Masaru , Kasahara Jiro
Published: September 2016

We investigated the effect of encapsulation on poly(3-hexylthiophe) (P3HT) bottom-gate field-effect transistors (BG-FETs) with a high on/off current ratio achieved by thermal annealing in N2 atmosphere. The intensity of the oxygen-related absorption peak in the Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectra of the P3HT films showed a correlation to the on/off current ratio of the FETs. In order to eliminate this oxygen-doping effect, we evaluated three types of encapsulation film: polymer insulator, SiNx, and polymer-SiNx hybrid insulator. We found that the polymer-SiNx hybrid insulator film can suppress both damage caused by the formation of the encapsulation layer and the doping caused by exposure to air. To investigate the effect of encapsulation, we calculated the time dependence of the unintentional dopant density of the P3HT film.
Stability in OTFT Gas Sensors
Authors: Lee Josephine B. , Heeney Martin , Tierney Steve , McCulloch Iain , Murphy Amanda , Liu Jinsong , Fréchet Jean M.J. , Subramanian Vivek
Published: September 2016

Organic thin film transistor (OTFT) gas sensors fabricated with an array of different active materials are monitored for shifts in performance characteristics during continuous operation over many days in both inert and ambient environments. We analyze the different patterns of degradation behavior observed in different materials and discuss approaches to decoupling a device's sensor response from its stress response.
Large Magnetoresistance at Room Temperature in Organic Semiconductor Sandwich Devices
Authors: Veeraraghavan Govindarajan , Mermer Omer , Francis Thomas Lee , Sheng Yugang , Nguyen Tho Duc , Wohlgenannt Markus
Published: September 2016

We describe a recently discovered magnetoresistance (MR) effect in semiconducting polymer and small molecule sandwich devices. The MR effect reaches up to 10% in a magnetic field of 10mT at room temperature. This MR effect is therefore amongst the largest of any bulk material. We characterize this effect and discuss its dependence on voltage, film thickness, temperature, electrode materials and (unintentional) impurity concentration in three different organic semiconductors. We found that the MR effect is only weakly temperature dependent and does not depend on sign and direction of the applied magnetic field. To the best of our knowledge, the discovered MR effect is not adequately described by any of the mechanisms known to date.
Light-emitting Polymerizable Liquid Crystals: Micron Scale Photolithographic Patterning and Green Electroluminescence.
Authors: Aldred Matthew P. , Contoret Adam E. A. , Devine Peter E. , Farrar Simon R. , Hudson Robert , Kelly Stephen M. , Koch Gene C. , O'Neill Mary , Tsoi Wing C. , Woon Kai L. , Vlachos Panos
Published: September 2016

We report the synthesis of photoreactive and light-emitting liquid crystals which can be patterned photolithographically to form polymer networks for use in organic light-emitting diodes. The resolution capability of the photopatterning is investigated using a phase mask of period one micron to spatially modulate the irradiance of ultraviolet light incident to the monomer thin film. A surface relief grating of the same period and depth 85 nm is formed on exposure and washing. An OLED incorporating a novel green light-emitting liquid-crystal has a luminous efficiency of 4.3 lm W-1 at 100 cd m-2 and gives a luminance of 990 cd m-2 at an operating voltage of 10 V.
A Rapid Evaluation Method to Assess Organic Film Uniformity in Roll-to-Roll Manufactured OLEDs.
Authors: Rogojevic Svetlana , Faircloth Tami , Otero Maria M. , Grande James C. , Tait Robert W. , Shiang Joseph , Duggal Anil R.
Published: September 2016

In order to enable low cost roll-to-roll or sheet-processing of organic light-emitting diode (OLED) devices, completely new deposition methods for both polymer and smallmolecule layers are being developed in place of the classic semiconductor manufacturing methods. In evaluating the utility of such methods, it is advantageous to have a robust and fast method to measure the thickness uniformity of the deposited organic layers. Non-uniformities at all spatial length scales from sub-mm to several cm can occur and so need to be understood as a function of the relevant parameters for each deposition method. Here we demonstrate a simple and fast method to quantify non-uniformities in thin films over arbitrarily large length scales. Our method utilizes the color of light reflected from the coated substrate and its variation with polymer layer thickness. This concept of color change is well known, and is due to constructive interference of light of particular wavelengths related to polymer layer thickness and optical constants. In our modification, a digital camera is used to capture images of the coated substrates, and hue is extracted from the image data files. We show that hue can be linearly correlated with polymer thickness. We demonstrate this for polymer based OLEDs using poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) and a light-emitting polymer (LEP) deposited on transparent substrate. The correlations were successfully used for 40-140nm PEDOT:PSS layers and 20-110nm LEP layers over length scales greater than 1 inch. The method sensitivity is estimated to be better than 5 nm. We show examples of non-uniformity analysis and how it relates to OLED performance.
Substituted Indolo[3,2-b]Carbazoles: A New Class of Stable, High Mobility Organic Semiconductors for Thin Film Transistors
Authors: Li Yuning , Wu Yiliang , Ong Beng
Published: September 2016

Properly functionalized indolo[3,2-b]carbazoles represent a new class of stable, high-mobility organic semiconductors for organic thin-film transistor applications. Both 5,11-disubstituted and peripherally substituted indolo[3,2-b]carbazoles with proper substituents self-organized into highly crystalline terrace-layered structures under suitable processing conditions. Organic TFTs using channel semiconductors of this nature exhibited excellent field-effect transistor properties, with mobility to 0.14 cm2 V-1 s-1 and current on/off ratio to 107. By virtue of their relatively low HOMO levels and large band gaps, this class of semiconductors also displayed excellent environmental stability under ambient conditions, an appealing characteristic for organic TFT applications.
Structural Characterization of a Functionalized Organic Semiconductor
Authors: Stickle Melissa , Kortan Refik , Rivillon Sandrine , Bao Zhenan , Katz Howard , Chabal Yves
Published: September 2016

We report the structure of 5,5′-bis(4-hydroxyhexylphenyl)-2,2′-bithiophene (HO6PTTP60H) powder and sublimated films studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Infrared absorption spectroscopy (IRAS). From XRD, herringbone packing is observed for the HO6PTTP60H powder. Different layer spacing is found for the powder (33.1Å) and the sublimated film (26.5Å). This slight difference indicates that the HO6PTTP60H molecule is tilted in the film. IRAS results confirm the presence of the HO6PTTP6OH molecule on the surface and its good stability over a few days.
Effective Dopant Analysis for the High Performance Poly(3-Hexylthiophene) Field-Effect Transistors
Authors: Kawamura Shinichi , Yoshida Manabu , Hoshino Satoshi , Kamata Toshihide
Published: September 2016

The relationship between impurity species included in regioregular poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) and the field effect transistors (FETs) property was investigated. P3HT synthesized by the Rieke method contained only Zn, Ni and Br (free halogen) as impurities. Several kinds of P3HT with different purities by using purification techniques were prepared, and those P3HT-FETs properties were estimated. As a result, it is revealed that the free halogen is effective dopant to increase the FET mobility, and the removal of the catalyst metal (Zn and Ni) is also effective to decrease off-current.
Organic Field Effect Transistors Based on Multilayer Films via Molecular Layer Epitaxy.
Authors: Ofir Yuval , Schwartsglass Offer , Shappir Joseph , Yitzchaik Shlomo
Published: September 2016

A Self-Assembly oriented technique from the vapor-phase, Molecular Layer Epitaxy (MLE), was utilized for the buildup of organic multilayers as the active channel in organic field effect transistors (OFET). Carrier gas-assisted chemical vapor deposition (CVD) of 1,4,5,8-naphthalene-tetracarboxylic-dianhydride (NTCDA) and an aliphatic spacer are used in a pulsed mode for the covalent attachment of a single monolayer at a time resulting in an ordered dense multilayer film. The MLE approach uses a template layer to promote coupling between the substrate and the precursors deposited from the vapor phase. Interlayer epitaxy is governed by self-limiting vapor-phase condensation reactions while intra-layer ordering is achieved via horizontal π-stacking. Resulting multilayers were characterized by means of contact angle, variable angle spectroscopic ellipsometry (VASE), AFM, absorbance in the UV-vis.-NIR and FTIR. Multilayer structures are also built on a silicon substrate with predefined gold electrodes, using a self assembled template layer on the electrodes and on the thin gate oxide, thus allowing for the buildup of a multilayer structure covering both the electrodes and the channel area while enhancing the nature of the contact between the multilayer and the source and drain electrodes. Resulting OFET devices show n-type conductivity with a mobility of 0.031 cm2 V-1 s-1 for a 6nm thickness MLE film, thus justifying the utilization of the technique in OFETs research and applications.
The Effect of Oxygen Exposure on Pentacene Thin Film Electronic Structure
Authors: Vollmer A. , Jurchescu O. D. , Arfaoui I. , Salzmann I. , Palstra T. T. M. , Rudolf P. , Niemax J. , Pflaum J. , Rabe J. P. , Koch N.
Published: September 2016

We use ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy to investigate the effect of oxygen and air exposure on the electronic structure of pentacene thin films. It is found that O2 and water do not react noticeably with pentacene, whereas singlet oxygen/ozone readily oxidize the organic compound. Also, we obtain no evidence for considerable p-type doping of pentacene by O2 at low pressure. However, oxygen exposure lowers the hole injection barrier at the interface between Au and pentacene by 0.25 eV, presumably due to a modification of the Au surface.