bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fostering Well-Being in Resettled Communities: Cultivating Cultural Resilience and Sustainable Development in Resettlement Caused by Ghazi Barotha Hydropower Project, Pakistan
Authors: Abid Saira , Shi Guoqing , Hussain Abid , Rauf Abdul
Published: November 2023

The construction of hydropower projects is increasingly prevalent worldwide, particularly in the context of climate change mitigation. Community displacement resulting from the construction of these projects raises significant questions about the post-resettlement welfare and satisfaction of the individuals subjected to project-associated relocation and resettlement processes. Accordingly, the purpose of this research is to investigate the influence of physical resources, locational characteristics, the resettlement area, health facilities, housing facilities, communication, and the socio-cultural environment on the satisfaction of resettled people, along with two mediators: sustainable development and cultural resilience in the resettlement of the project-affected communities of the Barotha Hydropower Project (GBHP) in Pakistan. In this cross-sectional study, data are collected from 223 resettlers from three villages (Barotha, Eassa, and Feroze). The researchers examined sustainable development and cultural resilience as mediating factors that play a role in resettlers’ satisfaction. The physical resource results indicate that, in the GBHPP, resettled people are unsatisfied, while other variables such as locational characteristics, resettlement area, health facilities, housing facilities, communication, and socio-cultural environment play a significant role in resettlement satisfaction. The role of both mediators, sustainable development and cultural resilience, strengthen the relationship between the predictors and criteria in terms of their value and their contribution to the resettlers’ satisfaction. Through the analysis of these variables, this study offers a comprehensive understanding of these factors, which contribute to the satisfaction of resettlers. Additionally, the study seeks to provide insights that can inform the development of strategies that foster the creation of resilient and prosperous resettlement communities. The research conclusions will also aid in developing policies and community initiatives that support the happiness and wellbeing of resettled communities.
Are They Aligned? An Analysis of Social Media-Based Nurse Well-Being Concerns and Well-Being Programs
Authors: Milicia Arianna P. , Handley Jessica L. , Boxley Christian L. , Busog Deanna-Nicole C. , Krevat Seth , Apathy Nate , Marchalik Daniel , Ratwani Raj M. , Franklin Ella S.
Published: November 2023

Background

Nurse burnout and distress pose patient safety risks due to impaired nurse attention, increased likelihood of medical error, and increased nurse turnover leading to a reduction in the number of nurses available to deliver care. Some healthcare facilities have launched well-being programs in response to increasing rates of burnout. Many of these programs are based on survey data which may be incomplete, resulting in programs that are not as comprehensive as they should be. We sought to identify nurse concerns related to burnout and well-being through analysis of social media data. We aligned these concerns with well-being program leader perceptions of factors contributing to burnout and well-being program initiatives.

Methods

We conducted a qualitative study composed of two parts: social media analysis and semistructured interviews with well-being leaders. The social media analysis focused on 120 nurse comments on Reddit that were retrieved based on a keyword search using the terms “burnout,” “stress,” and “wellbeing.” The interviews were conducted with nine well-being leaders from seven different healthcare systems. Well-being program leaders were asked about factors contributing to burnout and lack of well-being, initiatives to address these factors, and metrics used to evaluate their programs. The social media comments and interview data were reviewed by two experts to identify topics, themes, and subthemes grounded in wellness models.

Results

Of the 120 social media comments analyzed, the most frequent topic was Lack of Meaningful Recognition, Compensation, and Influence (n=46 of 120, 38.3%), followed by Work Environment (n=43, 35.8%) and Uninformed or Misinformed Public (n=31, 25.8%). Several themes emerged and the most prevalent was Constrained Professional Agency with the most prevalent subtheme of health system or macrosystem policies or regulations that limit nurses’ ability to respond effectively to patient care needs. Of the seven healthcare systems interviewed, the most common topics that emerged from asking about the factors contributing to the lack of nurse well-being were the Work Environment (n=6 of 7, 85.7%), followed by Lack of Meaningful Recognition, Compensation, and Influence (n=4, 57.1%), and Inadequate or Inaccessible Well-Being Resources (n=3, 42.9%). Several novel initiatives were identified, and most healthcare systems relied on surveys as their key metric.

Conclusions

The social media analysis revealed nurse concerns that may not be identified as factors contributing to lack of well-being by well-being program leaders. There is an opportunity to optimize our understanding of nurse concerns around well-being through social media, and an opportunity to better align nurse concerns with the focus of well-being programs.
Analisis Cluster Kualitas Pemuda di Indonesia pada Tahun 2022 dengan Agglomerative Hierarchical dan K-Means
Authors: Novaldi Jeremia , Wijayanto Arie Wahyu
Published: November 2023

Pemuda adalah generasi yang akan memegang masa depan Indonesia. Menurut BPS, seperempat penduduk Indonesia merupakan pemuda. Dengan demikian, pemerintah memerlukan gambaran mengenai kualitas pemuda saat ini untuk merumuskan kebijakan yang tepat untuk tiap daerah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengelompokan provinsi-provinsi di Indonesia menurut data kepemudaan dengan menggunakan metode hierarki aglomeratif dan K-Means. Berdasarkan nilai indeks validitas internal dan stabilitas, hierarki aglomeratif (Ward’s method) dengan jumlah cluster 2 dipilih sebagai metode pengelompokan terbaik. Metode ini menghasilkan 2 cluster yang masing-masing terdiri dari 11 dan 23 provinsi. Secara umum, Cluster 1 berisi provinsi-provinsi dengan kualitas pemuda yang lebih baik, di mana nilai rata-rata RLS pemuda, persentase pemuda dengan akses internet, persentase pemuda dengan jaminan kesehatan yang lebih tinggi dari Cluster 2 meskipun memiliki TPT yang lebih tinggi. Sebaliknya, Cluster 2 memiliki nilai yang lebih tinggi pada indikator Angka Kesakitan Pemuda, persentase pemuda dengan usia kawin pertama 16 – 18 tahun, dan persentase pemudi yang melahirkan bayi dengan BBLR
The Atheist Writings of Diagoras of Melos. New Approaches to the Authenticity of “Phrygioi Logoi” and “Apopyrgizontes Logoi”
Authors: Meert Alexander
Published: November 2023

Le sophiste et philosophe Diagoras de Mélos (c. 470 – c. 400 av. J.-C.) est souvent considéré comme l’athée par excellence dans l’Antiquité classique. Sa réputation n’est pas seulement fondée sur ses prétendues actions de divulgation des mystères d’Éleusis, mais aussi sur ses écrits athées. Des traditions différentes ont conservé deux titres distincts de sa production littéraire. Le but de cet article est de rechercher à quel degré ces titres conservés correspondent au cadre temporel dans lequel Diagoras a vécu ou bien apparaissent comme étant le produit de traditions littéraires plus tardives.
À la poursuite de jolies filles : les violences sexuelles et le pudor féminin dans les récits de poursuite chez Ovide
Authors: Malisse Héloïse
Published: November 2023

À la lecture de l’ensemble des récits de poursuite sexuelle chez Ovide, de nombreux points communs, voire même des répétitions scénaristiques, se dégagent. Ces points communs sont tous en rapport avec le pudor féminin. Ainsi, ces récits permettent tout d’abord de constater que ce terme largement polysémique désignait également l’intégrité sexuelle des femmes. De plus, si le terme pudor n’est pas utilisé par le poète dans chacun de ses récits de poursuite, on peut percevoir dans ceux-ci plusieurs illustrations des différents sens de ce mot. Ainsi, afin de garder leur intégrité sexuelle intacte, les jeunes femmes des récits qui nous concernent ici fuient le désir masculin, que ce soit en ne s’apprêtant pas, en maudissant leur beauté et/ ou en dédiant leur existence à Diane, la déesse de la virginité par excellence. Cette étude a ainsi pour but de pointer ces ressemblances scénaristiques dans les récits de poursuite sexuelle chez Ovide et d’en dégager certaines hypothèses.
Íleo Biliar, reporte de un caso y revisión de la bibliografía
Authors: Francisco Llerena Freire Luis , Estefanía Benavides Vargas Karen , Moreira Jefferson Steven Rivera , Coello María Eduarda Ubilla , Moreira Laura Leonor Ruilova , Garcia Jimmy Andres Zambrano , Andrade Luis Adrián Muñoz , Astudillo Maria Belen Zhindon
Published: November 2023

El íleo biliar constituye una complicación de la colelitiasis, causada por la impactación de un cálculo a nivel del lumen intestinal, provocando obstrucción intestinal mecánica, presenta una tasa de morbilidad del 50% y mortalidad del 12%-27%, con predominio en mujeres sobre hombres en relación 3.5-3.6:1. Se trata de un paciente masculino de 52 años, con antecedente de derrame cerebral hace 1 año, con clínica de 7 días de evolución de dolor abdominal difuso de moderada intensidad 7-8 en la escala de Eva, localizado en fosa ilíaca derecha, acompañado de vómito, alza térmica e hiporexia. Al examen físico, se evidenció: abdomen blando, depresible, doloroso a la palpación superficial y profunda en flanco y fosa iliaca derecha, ruidos hidroaéreos disminuidos, mcburney +, blumberg + y puño percusión bilateral +. Se realizó exámenes de laboratorio con evidencia de leucocitosis más neutrofilia, Rx de abdomen con distención de asas intestinales y niveles hidroaéreos, ecografía abdominal con signos sugestivos de íleo paralitico y apendicitis aguda.   Por los hallazgos en el examen físico y estudios radiológicos, se decidió realizar una laparotomía exploratoria con evidencia de presencia de 2 litos (6cm) impactados a nivel de la válvula ileocecal causando obstrucción total de la luz intestinal y apéndice cecal eritematosa y se realizó enterotomía y extracción de litos + rafia primaria en 2 planos, apendicetomía convencional, con postoperatorio convencional y sin complicaciones. Conclusión: Se trata de una patología con alta morbilidad y mortalidad, que presenta diferentes manejos quirúrgicos, la evidencia muestra que la enterotomía sola presenta resultados favorables.
Desafios no tratamento da Anorexia Nervosa Grave aos profissionais de saúde: relato de caso e revisão sistemática
Authors: De Oliveira Thalita Alves , Carrilho Mônica Lopes Estevam , Penna Daíze Ferreira , Rossini Tulio Siano , Torres Iasmin Viana , Reis Maressa Campos Oliveira , De Araujo Leisa Barbosa
Published: November 2023

A etiologia multifatorial da anorexia nervosa demanda por manejo especializado, o que coloca os profissionais da saúde em contato com importantes desafios, e compreende-los pode ser significativo para pensar o tratamento do paciente e cuidado com o profissional. Esta pesquisa teve por objetivo identificar os desafios que os profissionais da saúde enfrentam no cuidado ao paciente com AN grave e relacioná-los com caso clínico. Foi realizada uma revisão sistemática da literatura conduzida nas bases de dados SCOPUS, PUMED, WEB OF SCIENCE, PsycINFO. Foram inseridos, nesta revisão, dez artigos após a aplicação dos critérios de inclusão e exclusão. Os dados foram explorados seguindo a análise temática de Bardin. Nossas descobertas condizem com o que apresentado no caso clínico, e mostra que entre os desafios do cuidado ao paciente com anorexia nervosa estão; construção e manutenção da relação terapêutica e cuidado a saúde mental e emocional dos profissionais. Investir na qualificação profissional e no cuidado à saúde mental dos mesmos poderá auxiliá-los a compreender e gerenciar as particularidades do cuidado ao paciente com anorexia nervosa.
Hernia de Amyand, presentación de un caso y revisión de la bibliografía
Authors: Francisco Llerena Freire Luis , Moreira Jefferson Steven Rivera , León Erick Alexander Jara , Moreira Laura Leonor Ruilova , García Jimmy Andrés Zambrano , Coello María Eduarda Ubilla , Astudillo Maria Belen Zhindon , Franco Erick Hugo Zambrano
Published: November 2023

La hernia inguinal es una de las patologías mas frecuentes para el cirujano general; sin embargo, no siempre la presentación clínica de la enfermedad es la misma, pudiendo tener algunas variables, como se presenta en el siguiente reporte. La hernia de Amyand, es una entidad clínica infrecuente de la hernia inguinal, estimando que su prevalencia es alrededor del 1%. Se trata de un paciente de 56 años de edad, que acude a consulta externa del Hospital Teodoro Maldonado Carbo por presentar hace 2 años tumoración a nivel de región inguinal derecha, la misma que con el tiempo aumentado de tamaño, se acompaña de dolor local de moderada intensidad.   Mediante el examen físico y ecografía de región inguinal, se evidencio una hernia inguinal indirecta Nyhus tipo II cuyo contenido era epiploico y apéndice cecal. Por lo cual se programa cirugía electiva donde se realiza plastia inguinal derecha con técnica de Lichtestein sin apendicetomía. La presente publicación tiene la intensión de informar sobre un caso y revisar estrategias para el tratamiento quirúrgico.
Eventração gravídica traumática em felino: relato de caso
Authors: Pereira Jaqueline Aparecida Sousa , De Souza Bruna Carioca , Nascimento Gabrielle Duarte , Da Cunha Luciane Tavares , Jardim Millena Baeta , Cunha Rafaela de Oliveira , Miranda Yuri Brito , Alves Breno Henrique
Published: November 2023

Hérniações traumáticas abdominais, ocorrem com menor frequência, representando apenas 5% dos casos de trauma contuso. Nos casos onde o conteúdo da hérnia é o útero, denomina-se histerocele, na qual pode haver a presença parcial ou total do órgão, sendo uma ocorrência rara. O felino sem raça definida foi enviado pelo Canil Municipal de Varginha ao Unis Pet, com suspeita de atropelamento, e que possivelmente estaria prenha. No exame radiográfico verificou-se deslocamento do útero para região subcutânea, com a presença de quatro fetos, grande falha da continuação da parede abdominal direita, e luxação da cabeça do fêmur esquerdo. Baseado nos achados clínicos, diagnosticou-se um caso de eventração traumática do útero gravídico para região abdominal, sendo encaminhada para cirurgia de urgência com a finalidade de corrigir a falha muscular e ovariohisterectomia.
Transtorno do Espectro Autista no adulto universitário: manifestações clínicas e impactos do ambiente acadêmico
Authors: Fontinele Ana Ellen dos Santos , De Moura Emanuelle Lima Vale , Cunha Luan Arnon de Melo
Published: November 2023

Nos últimos 50 anos, o transtorno do espectro autista (TEA) passou de um transtorno raro e estritamente definido de início na infância para uma condição vitalícia bem divulgada, defendida e pesquisada, reconhecida como bastante comum e muito heterogênea. O TEA, popularmente conhecido como Autismo é um transtorno de neurodesenvolvimento, de apresentações fenotípicas variáveis, porém marcado por déficits na comunicação e interação social e por padrões restritos e repetitivos de comportamento. O presente estudo tem como objetivo é compreender as repercussões do ambiente acadêmico nas manifestações clínicas e sintomatologia do adulto universitário com Transtorno do Espectro Autista. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, transversal, observacional e retrospectivo de abordagem quantitativa sobre as repercussões do ambiente acadêmico nas manifestações clínicas e sintomatologia do adulto universitário com Transtorno do Espectro Autista em estudantes universitários de um centro universitário particular e de uma universidade pública de Teresina- PI que se autodeclarem diagnosticados com Transtorno do Espectro Autista. Garantir que o estudante com TEA tenha condições igualitárias na sua vivência acadêmica, como qualquer outro estudante, ainda se configura um desafio, devido os suportes oferecidos pelas instituições serem deficitários, tanto na identificação das necessidades educacionais especiais quanto na proposição de estratégias facilitadoras que contribuíssem com o sucesso desses estudantes na universidade.
Interferências medicamentosas mais comuns em exames laboratoriais
Authors: Jacinto Ana Lídia Moreira , Chagas Ayla Kélida Ferreira , Santos José Augusto do Carmo , Duarte Karine Watanabe de Brito
Published: November 2023

Os testes laboratoriais desempenham um papel crucial na avaliação do estado de saúde dos meus, fornecendo informações essenciais para diagnóstico e tratamento. Laboratórios de análises clínicas aderem a rigorosas normas de qualidade para garantir a precisão dos resultados, que auxiliam os profissionais de saúde a escolher a terapia adequada e monitorar a saúde dos pacientes. Os medicamentos desempenham um papel significativo no tratamento de diversas doenças, mas sua prescrição requer uma avaliação criteriosa. Fatores como interações medicamentosas, efeitos adversos e condições médicas preexistentes precisam ser considerados para garantir o benefício clínico. Entretanto, os medicamentos também podem afetar os resultados dos exames laboratoriais, e muitos laboratórios não coletam informações detalhadas sobre a terapia do paciente, o que pode levar a variações nos resultados. Portanto, é crucial que os profissionais de saúde estejam cientes das interações medicamentosas nos resultados laboratoriais e adotem a melhor abordagem terapêutica. A qualidade e a precisão dos resultados são fundamentais, e o controle de qualidade em todas as fases dos exames é essencial para evitar erros que possam prejudicar os pacientes. É importante monitorar o impacto desses medicamentos na vida dos pacientes, incluindo relatórios detalhados de sua segurança para regulamentação. Por fim, os medicamentos podem interferir em todas as fases dos exames laboratoriais, especialmente na fase pré-analítica, onde erros frequentes podem ocorrer devido à falta de orientação adequada.
O atendimento de pessoas com transtornos mentais dentro da atenção básica de saúde no Brasil: uma análise bibliográfica
Authors: Costa Camila Santos , De Araujo Rebeca Arruda Torquato , Okamoto Amanda , De Lemos Daniella Rocha Moura , Alonso Simone Granado
Published: November 2023

Objetivo: conhecer as formas de atendimento a pessoas com transtornos mentais na atenção básica de saúde no Brasil. Método: Revisão bibliográfica narrativa, exploratória e descritiva, com uma abordagem qualitativa, utilizando das bases de dados MEDLINE, LILACS e BDENF, a partir da BVS, no período de agosto a setembro de 2019, sendo selecionado um total de 14 estudos. Resultados: Através dos estudos, foi observado que não há um padrão de atendimento para esse público e cada lugar se adapta melhor aos seus costumes ao fornecer um atendimento ideal, que varia de atividades que utilizam do autocuidado e socialização, ao fornecimento de consultas e encaminhamento aos serviços especializados. Conclusão: apesar da necessidade de melhorias no atendimento atual, ele hoje se apresenta mais evoluído e humanizado, ampliando sua capacidade de atendimento e caminhando para uma visão cada vez mais holística do indivíduo que busca o atendimento de Saúde Mental dentro da Atenção Básica de Saúde.
Úraco Patente em lactente: um relato de caso
Authors: Sampaio Gustavo Silva , Frossard Geliane Cararo , Manhabusque Kátia Valéria
Published: November 2023

O úraco patente é uma condição rara onde essa estrutura tubular originada do alantóide não se oblitera completamente, comunicando o umbigo e a bexiga, geralmente não havendo repercussão clínica nos pacientes. O trabalho relata o caso de um lactente de 1 mês e 24 dias que apresentou granuloma e saída de secreção purulenta em cicatriz umbilical. Após realização de ultrassonografia de abdome, foi evidenciada a presença de úraco patente. Realizado tratamento conservador após melhora espontânea do quadro.
Impactos da Endometriose em paciente com útero didelfo associada à puberdade precoce: relato de caso
Authors: Bueno Bianca Silva Espírito Santo , Carneiro Camila Fonseca , De Carvalho Luana Izabela Azevedo , Pereira Hilka Flávia Barra Espírito Santo Alves , De Oliveira Israel Santos , Da Silva Ellen Louisy Frazão
Published: November 2023

A endometriose é caracterizada pela presença de tecido endometrial fora da cavidade uterina, representando cerca de 10% de mulheres em menacme. Nesse sentido, este relato de caso objetiva descrever o diagnóstico de endometriose em uma escolar com a anormalidade mulleriana. Relato de caso: Paciente KPDS, sexo feminino, apresentou, aos 8 anos, menarca associada a metrorragia, dor abdominal e lombar pré-menstrual de forte intensidade, relatando recorrentes idas ao pronto-atendimento para administração de analgésicos e escopolamina endovenosos com melhora parcial. Paciente apresenta fluxo menstrual de 7 dias com presença de coágulos e uso de 20 absorventes por dia, associado a absenteísmo escolar de 2 dias. Paciente manteve quadro de metrorragia por 2 anos. Foi realizada ultrassonografia pélvica, que mostrou imagem sugestiva de endometrioma. Realizou ainda a ressonância nuclear magnética, que mostrou útero didelfo, hematometra em cavidade endocervical esquerda, cisto unilocular em ovário direito com maior eixo 4,3 cm e hidrossalpinge de tuba uterina esquerda. No mesmo ano, foi indicado uma videohisteroscopia diagnóstica, não sendo bem-sucedida devido à bifurcação uterina. O procedimento foi convertido em laparotomia exploratória onde foi drenado hematometra em hemiútero esquerdo e descolamento de aderências tubárias esquerdas. No pós-operatório, paciente evoluiu com remissão da dismenorreia. Em dezembro de 2022, evoluiu com polimenorreia, encurtamentos dos ciclos menstruais e aumento do fluxo menstrual, sendo prescrito anticoncepcional oral para melhora do quadro clínico. Discussão: Dismenorreia e dor pélvica refratárias ao uso de AINES levantam suspeição de endometriose, sendo os exames complementares de imagem indicados e, posteriormente, a laparoscopia é considerada, visando à excisão de focos de tecidos extra-uterinos. A presença de anormalidades congênitas do sistema reprodutor é rara em pacientes com endometriose, porém é um fator predisponente de dismenorreia. A paciente em questão necessitou de intervenção cirúrgica com o objetivo de visualizar aderências e corrigi-las.  A faixa etária pediátrica, por ser um raro achado, merece exames de imagem para detecção de comorbidades e conduta intervencionista em razão do prejuízo da qualidade de vida relacionado à dor pélvica intensa. Conclusão: A endometriose é um achado raro na faixa etária pediátrica, devendo ser tratada com intervenção cirúrgica se refratária à medicação. Deve-se, ainda, suspeitar de más formações genitais e fornecer orientações gerais sobre possíveis recorrências no decorrer do período reprodutivo.
Terapia de redução de comportamentos suicidas: abordagens terapêuticas que visam reduzir comportamentos suicidas e melhorar a resiliência dos pacientes - revisão sistemática
Authors: Motta Marco Antônio de Bem
Published: November 2023

Comportamentos suicidas representam um grave problema de saúde pública, e intervenções terapêuticas eficazes têm sido evidenciadas como fundamentais para fortalecer a resiliência e reduzir tais comportamentos. Neste estudo, teve-se como objetivo compreender a influência das abordagens terapêuticas na redução de comportamentos suicidas e no fortalecimento da resiliência dos pacientes que estão em risco de comportamento suicida. Para isso, foi realizada uma revisão sistemática de literatura, com a seleção de fontes disponíveis nas bases de dados Scielo, Medline e Lilacs. A partir da análise qualitativa dos resultados, concluiu-se que a identificação precoce da ideação suicida, a aplicação de estratégias de coping adaptativas, a promoção da resiliência individual e comunitária, a redução do estigma associado ao suicídio e o envolvimento de familiares são fatores cruciais nessas abordagens terapêuticas. Além disso, a formação adequada dos profissionais da saúde e a interdisciplinaridade nas intervenções são enfatizadas como aspectos fundamentais para o sucesso dos programas de prevenção do suicídio e fortalecimento emocional dos pacientes em risco
Trombose de artéria mesentérica superior após trauma: um relato de caso
Authors: Teixeira Henrique Waldraff , De Carvalho Fabio Henrique , Cavassin Guilherme Pasquini , Sobottka Wagner Herbert , Sabino Edilson Araujo , Barbosa Rafaella Monteiro , Favero Lucas Aurélio Fonseca , Pereira Heloisa Costa
Published: November 2023

A trombose da artéria mesentérica superior é uma condição grave. Tem início insidioso, progressão rápida e consequências graves. O pronto reconhecimento e tratamento são de extrema importância. Objetivou-se relatar um caso de um paciente do sexo masculino, 36 anos, que após um trauma por colisão de auto versus anteparo, foi observada a presença de uma trombose de artéria mesentérica superior. Dessa forma, o trauma contuso é um fator de risco que deve ser levado em consideração na trombose. O ponto essencial no diagnóstico precoce depende de uma forte suspeita clínica. A angiotomografia é o exame padrão. A anticoagulação imediata deve ser realizada, e em seguida o tratamento cirúrgico ou minimamente invasivo.
Estudo epidemiológico do rastreamento e diagnóstico do Câncer do Colo do Útero no estado do Piauí
Authors: De Andrade Júnior Alvimar Oliveira , Eigenheer Arthur de Vasconcelos , Portelada Vicente Alves da Silva , Luz Marcos Rocha
Published: November 2023

O câncer cervical é o quarto câncer mais comum e a quarta principal causa de morte por câncer entre mulheres em todo o mundo, com 604.127 novos casos e 341.831 mortes anualmente. O câncer do colo do útero (CCU) é um importante problema de saúde pública. O presente estudo tem como objetivo conhecer e identificar o perfil epidemiológico das pacientes que realizaram o exame de citologia para rastreamento do câncer de colo de útero no estado do Piauí no ano de 2019. O Ministério da Saúde aconselha que o exame citopatológico seja realizado sobretudo em mulheres de 25 a 65 anos, devido a isso é verificado uma baixa incidência e mortalidade pelo CCU fora desta faixa etária. É de suma importância que o diagnóstico seja realizado na fase inicial da doença para que de tal modo possa ser estabelecido o tratamento induzindo a paciente a cura. Pode-se concluir que o programa de rastreamento câncer de colo uterino do Piauí apresentou uma maior cobertura com o passar dos anos o que destaca a oferta adequada de exames. Somado a isso é de extrema necessidade que ocorra uma maior qualificação dos profissionais da atenção primária à saúde, responsáveis pelo rastreamento da neoplasia - incluindo a coleta do exame -, bem como dos profissionais dos laboratórios, encarregados da leitura das lâminas com intuito de garantir uma melhor qualidade nas amostras coletadas.
Morus alba L. Leaves-Based Silver Nanoparticles for Aging-Related Infectious Diseases
Authors: Baran Mehmet Fırat , Meşe Ahmet , Eftekhari Aziz
Published: November 2023

Objectives: One of the most common types of aging-related diseases is infection for which ample medications are available, and most antibacterial agents are ineffective as drug resistance spreads globally. Design: An original study. Setting(s): Batman University, Batman, Turkiye. Outcome measures: The presence of silver nanoparticles was analyzed with their maximum wavelength absorbance. Morphological appearances and distributions of synthesized nanoparticles were evaluated using transmissive electron microscope (TEM) and atomic power microscopy, respectively. The crystal patterns and sizes of nanoparticles were determined using an X-ray diffraction (XRD) instrument, and the crystal nanosizes were calculated by the DebyeScherrer equation. Minimum inhibition concentrations (MICs) were used for identifying an antibacterial effect on Gram-positive and Gram-negative strains of the bacteria Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213 and Escherichia coli ATCC 25922. Results: The Malatya Orduzu region provided the leaves of the Morus alba L. plant used in this study. The resulting extract was used to create silver nanoparticles. The outcomes of several microscopic and spectroscopic analyses were used to evaluate the properties of silver nanoparticles. Conclusions: Morus alba L. leaves were used to create silver nanoparticles (Ma-AgNPs), which had a size distribution below 100 nm and a maximum absorbance of 457.92 nm. Ma-AgNP’s antibacterial activity was used for pathogen gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria.
Development and validation of an assessment sheet for all-ceramic crown preparations: A methodological study
Authors: Mhanni Ahmed , Elsawaay Seham , Qutieshat Abubaker
Published: November 2023

Background. Dental students learn and practice clinical procedures in clinical skills laboratories. These practices are graded by qualified staff to evaluate the effectiveness of their learning. Valid evaluation requires accuracy and reliability. Although a well-developed checklist for pre-clinical skill evaluation exists in theory, it is challenging to implement in practice. This study was undertaken to develop and evaluate the reliability of an assessment sheet for all-ceramic crown preparations. Methods. The study consisted of two phases: the development stage and the judgment-quantification stage. Two examiners evaluated all-ceramic crown preparations made by second-year dental students using the developed assessment sheet to test criterion validity. The final grade was determined based on the number of errors identified using the assessment sheet. The relationship between the negative points and the final grades awarded was determined using Spearman’s correlation. The study calculated the intra- and inter-examiner agreement for two rounds of evaluation, conducted one month apart, using Cohen’s unweighted Kappa test. The study employed the Item-Content Validity Index (I-CVI) to evaluate the content validity for each item and the Scale-Content Validity Index (S-CVI) to assess the content validity of the overall scale used in all-ceramic crown preparation procedures. Results. The assessment sheet developed for all-ceramic crown preparations was reliable, with strong content validity and a significant negative correlation between grades assigned and the number of errors observed. The assessment sheet defined up to three levels of performance for each item, providing a consistent and objective approach to evaluation. The linear regression graph successfully determined the maximum number of acceptable errors and established the minimum passing grade. The inter- and intra-examiner agreement for the two assessment rounds was found to be fair to moderate. Conclusion. The study showed that the developed assessment sheet for all-ceramic crown preparations is reliable and can provide a consistent and objective approach to evaluation. It can benefit both students and instructors. Further research is recommended to evaluate the impact of the developed assessment sheet on students’ learning outcomes.
In vitro apical extrusion of debris and instrumentation time following root canal instrumentation with Reciproc and Reciproc Blue instruments and a novel stainless steel rotary system (Gentlefile) versus manual instrumentation
Authors: Nouroloyouni Ahmad , Shahi Shahriar , Salem Milani Amin , Noorolouny Sara , Farhang Robab , Yousefi Azar Aysan
Published: November 2023

Background. This study compared apical extrusion of debris and instrumentation time following root canal instrumentation with Reciproc, Reciproc Blue, and Gentlefile (GF) rotary instruments versus the manual step-back technique. Methods. This in vitro study was conducted on 80 extracted mandibular premolars with mature apices and a root curvature of<10º. The teeth were randomly assigned to 4 groups (n=20), standardized regarding working length, and placed in pre-weighed vials. The root canals were instrumented with Reciproc, Reciproc Blue, and GF systems and the manual step-back technique in the four groups. The vials containing the collected debris were then dried and weighed. The instrumentation time was also recorded for each group. Data were analyzed with one-way ANOVA and post hoc Games-Howell test (α=0.05). Results. Minimum apical debris extrusion was noted in Reciproc, followed by Reciproc Blue, GF, and manual technique (P<0.05). Pairwise comparisons showed significantly lower apical extrusion of debris in the Reciproc compared with GF (P=0.015) and manual instrumentation (P=0.011) groups. The Reciproc system also had the shortest instrumentation time, followed by Reciproc Blue, GF, and manual instrumentation (P<0.05). Pairwise comparisons showed significant differences between all the systems (P<0.05) except between Reciproc and Reciproc Blue (P>0.05) in this respect. Conclusion. Although all systems caused apical extrusion of debris, manual instrumentation caused maximum extrusion of debris. In contrast, the Reciproc system was superior to others regarding minimal apical extrusion of debris and the shortest instrumentation time.
Effect of 20-ppm ozone and 1% chlorhexidine gels on plaque index and Streptococcus mutans counts in the dental plaque in 6–12-year-old children: A randomized, double-blind clinical trial
Authors: Adhami Ziya Ebrahim , Erfanparast Leila , Molaei Zahra , Sadeghi Javid , Yazdanparas Azam
Published: November 2023

Background. One of the methods to control dental caries is to use ozone. Since it is difficult for children to use mouthwashes, the present study aimed to evaluate 20-ppm zone and 1% chlorhexidine (CHX) gels’ effects on the plaque index and Streptococcus mutans counts in 6–12-year-old children. Methods. In the present double-blind clinical trial, 165 children, 6–12 years of age, referring to the Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Tabriz Faculty of Dentistry, were selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria and randomly assigned to three groups: ozone gel, CHX gel, and control. The subjects were instructed to place an adequate amount of the gels on all the surfaces of their teeth with one clean finger. The patients and evaluators were blinded to the study groups. The plaque index and S. mutans counts in plaque samples were determined before intervention and three weeks after intervention on the buccal surface of the most posterior maxillary tooth (left or right). S. mutans counts were determined by culture. STATA software version 14 was used for statistical analyses using Wilcoxon, Kruskal-Wallis, and post hoc Dum tests. Statistical significance was defined at P<0.05. Results. The 20-ppm ozone and 1% CHX gels significantly decreased dental plaque compared to the control group (P<0.05), and their effects were similar (P>0.05). These gels significantly decreased the colonies and bacterial counts of S. mutans (P<0.05). Conclusion. The performance of 20-ppm ozone gel in decreasing the dental plaque and S. mutans counts was similar to 1% CHX gel.
Investigating the effect of Er,Cr:YSGG laser agitation of sodium hypochlorite on the removal of mature biofilm in the complex root canal systems using atomic force microscopy
Authors: Ibrahim Ghufran Ismail , Jawad Hussein Ali
Published: November 2023

Background. Endodontic infections caused by remaining biofilm following disinfection with chemical fluids encourage secondary bacterial infection; hence, employing laser pulses to activate the fluids is advised to improve microbial biofilm clearance. This study investigated the performance of Er,Cr:YSGG laser in photon-induced photoacoustic streaming (PIPS) agitation of 5.25% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) to enhance the removal of mature Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis) biofilms in complex root canal systems. Methods. The mesial roots of the lower first and second molars were separated and inoculated with E. faecalis bacteria for 30 days. The roots were irrigated with 5.25% NaOCl, some of them were agitated with passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI), and the other roots were agitated by Er,Cr:YSGG laser using PIPS at 60 µs/pulse, 5 Hz, and 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1, and 1.25 W. An atomic force microscope (AFM) was used as a new method to obtain the results in the isthmus area; the results that have been obtained from each group were compared with each other. ANOVA was utilized to compare the means of the test groups. Results. Based on the AFM and SEM analyses, laser agitation and passive ultrasonic activation groups have shown higher antimicrobial efficacy than the conventional syringe irrigation group (P<0.05). Conclusion. Based on the findings of this investigation, the agitation of 5.25% NaOCl solution by Er,Cr:YSGG laser in PIPS at (60 µs/pulse, 5 Hz, 1.25 W) offers better mature bacterial biofilm removal in the mesial root of lower human molars than the same irrigant with syringe irrigation and passive ultrasonic activation technique.
Fluoridated orthodontic adhesives: Implications of release and recharge and their impact on shear bond strength in demineralized tooth surfaces
Authors: Yaseen Mohammed Sabah , Agha Neam F , Jasim Raya
Published: November 2023

Background. This study measured fluoride release from a light-cured orthodontic adhesive resin (Vega type) at three time intervals (one day, one week, and one month), investigated the rechargeability of the resin, and assessed its impact on shear bond strength in demineralized tooth surfaces. Methods. This study used 30 recently extracted upper premolar teeth to explore the effects of fluoride release over specific time intervals. The teeth underwent demineralization and were categorized into groups based on time intervals: one day, one week, and one month. Subgroups within each interval underwent fluoride recharging through fluoride varnish application. Fluoride release and shear bond strength were assessed after etching with phosphoric acid gel, applying the orthodontic adhesive, and curing. The samples were stored in deionized water. Fluoride quantification used a selective electrode, while shear bond strength assessment employed a universal testing machine. Finally, statistical analysis of the data was performed using SPSS 22. Results. The study found that after one month, the adhesive had the highest fluoride release and shear bond strength mean values. There were significant differences in fluoride release and shear bond strength between the various groups studied. Conclusion. The application of fluoride varnish around the orthodontic bracket resulted in a positive effect on the shear bond strength of the bracket.
Effect of minocycline in COVID-19 patients: A randomized clinical trial
Authors: Esmaeilzadeh Danial , Shariati Rad Mohammad , Esmaeilzadeh Mehrdad , Razavi Bibi Marjan , Mohamadpoor Amirhooshang , Hosseinzadeh Hossein
Published: November 2023

Introduction: Minocycline a semi-synthetic tetracycline is a potential therapeutic option for COVID-19 because of its anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects. Moreover, its antioxidant, antiviral, and antiapoptotic effects have been proven. In this study, the efficacy of minocycline in the therapy of COVID-19 patients has been evaluated. Methods: A randomized double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial was performed in Mashhad, Iran. 40 outpatients were randomized to either the treatment with the minocycline group or the placebo group, in a 1:1 ratio with 20 patients in each group. The Iranian National COVID-19 Therapy Regimen at the time was used in both groups and patients in the treatment group also received oral minocycline 100 mg twice day for 14 days. Patients in both groups were followed on days 3, 7, and 14 after initiating therapy for clinical symptom improvement, improvement of lymphocytes, leukocytes, C-reactive protein (CRP) and SpO2. Results: A total of 40 patients with similar demographic and disease characteristics were enrolled. Results showed that the time interval until clinical symptoms improvement was significantly reduced in the minocycline group (6.85±0.79, day) compared to the placebo (10.95±1.18, day) group (P=0.006). Moreover, the time interval until leukocytes reaching normal limits was significantly reduced in the minocycline group (3.95±0.59, day) compared to the placebo (6.72±1.25, day) group (P=0.046). Conclusion: In this randomized double-blind placebo-controlled study, minocycline (100 mg, BID for 14 days) reduced the duration of clinical symptoms improvement as well as the duration of white blood cell (WBC) normalizing in outpatients of COVID-19 disease.
Analysis of the educational needs for English in pharmacy: The perspectives of Pharmacy School lecturers and students
Authors: Mahmoodi Hamid , Fathalipour Mohammad , Sheybani-Arani Mohammad Hosein , Piroozan Afsoon
Published: November 2023

Background: Science is constantly advancing, and educational content must be updated accordingly to meet students’ academic needs. This study aimed to assess the educational needs of both students and instructors for English in pharmacy. Methods: This qualitative study included a sample of 65 junior pharmacy students and a total of 11 pharmacy lecturers at Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences during the academic year 2020-2021. The students were selected using purposive sampling methods while the lecturers were selected through consensus sampling. Based on previous studies analyzing the educational needs of ESP and through verbal communication with students, an interview protocol was developed. Data were collected through structured interviews with the participants, and the findings were presented using descriptive statistics. Results: The lecturers believed that reading comprehension is the most crucial skill, followed by writing, speaking, and listening, respectively. However, students mentioned that the need for speaking skills is almost as important as the need for other skills. They expressed their enthusiasm for communicating verbally in specific contexts, such as scientific conferences, highlighted the need for learning pharmacy terminology, academic writing skills, prescription abbreviations, and medical terminology, respectively. The participants in our course anticipate that it will be co-facilitated by TEFL specialists and pharmacists." Conclusion: Both language instructors and pharmacists should take immediate action to advance Pharmacy ESP. Reading comprehension is a crucial skill for this course. Writing skills can be improved through educational workshops. The prerequisite and general English syllabi should be enriched with a focus on speaking skills or extracurricular courses should be devoted to developing students’ competencies. In this manner, the listening skills will be improved as well.
Bacteria in digestive tract of Simuliidae (Insecta: Diptera) larvae from the Brazilian Amazon
Authors: Alencar Yamile Benaion , Jansen Tatiana Da Costa , Hamada Neusa
Published: November 2023

Simuliidae are known to be vectors of tropical diseases, as well as the transmission of viruses, bacteria and protozoa. The objective of the study was to isolate and identify bacteria from the digestive tract of larvae from breeding sites in several municipalities in the Amazon, especially in the States of Amazonas and Rondônia. Larvae were collected using tweezers and stored in sterile tubes under refrigeration. In the laboratory, a total of 210 larvae were dissected under aseptic conditions and then bacterial isolation, multiplication and characterization were carried out. Specific identification was based on the 16S ribosomal DNA method, complemented with biochemical tests (BBL Crystal, BBL and Bactray System, Laborclin). A total of 58 bacterial isolates were obtained and the representative genera in the larvae of 7 Simuliidae species analyzed were Bacillus, Staphylococcus, Haphinia, Chromobacterium and Escherichia. Knowledge about the bacterial diversity of insects can contribute both to a better understanding of host-microorganism relationships and to the search for bacterial species for use in biological control programs for insect vectors of diseases or agricultural pests.
Evaluación de la eficacia de distintas soluciones fungicidas para el control de enfermedades foliares del cultivo de Maíz
Authors: Guamán-Sarango Víctor Manuel , Estrada-Miguez Jheferson Estalin , Nieto-Cañarte Carlos Alberto , Sinchi-Rivas Carmen Alexandra , Bosquez-Mestanza Angelita Leonor
Published: November 2023

Para evaluar el impacto de diversas soluciones fungicidas en el rendimiento y las características agronómicas del cultivo de maíz, se implementó un experimento con un diseño de bloques completamente al azar (DBCA) con cuatro tratamientos y cuatro repeticiones. El primer tratamiento involucró la aplicación de los fungicidas Lictus, Renaste y Abacus, mientras que el segundo consistió en Bravo y Pamona. El tercero utilizó Kempro y TopGun, y el cuarto fue un grupo de control sin tratamiento fungicida. Se realizó un análisis de varianza en los datos recopilados y se llevaron a cabo comparaciones de medias entre tratamientos mediante la prueba de Tukey (P≤ 0.05). Los resultados revelaron diferencias estadísticamente significativas en la mayoría de las variables estudiadas. En lo que respecta a las características agronómicas, se observó una uniformidad en los promedios del diámetro del tallo, pero se destacó una clara superioridad del primer tratamiento en la altura de las plantas. Este patrón se repitió en los parámetros productivos, incluyendo la longitud y el diámetro de las mazorcas, el peso de 100 semillas y el rendimiento del grano (t ha-1), a excepción del número de hileras de mazorcas, en el cual no se identificaron diferencias estadísticas significativas. Además, se registró una baja incidencia de enfermedades foliares en todos los tratamientos, y no se identificaron daños visibles relacionados con estas enfermedades, ni siquiera en el grupo de control.
Investigação da presença de ovos de Aedes sp. (Diptera: Culicidae) com uso da armadilha ovitrampa na área interna da Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São Paulo, SP, Brasil
Authors: Cordeiro José Ubirantan , Oliveira-Christe Rafael , Medeiros-Sousa Antônio Ralph , Ceretti-Junior Walter , Marrelli Mauro Toledo
Published: November 2023

O Aedes aegypti é o principal vetor dos vírus causadores da Dengue, Chikungunya, Zika e Febre Amarela urbana no Brasil, tendo uma ampla distribuição em países de clima quente e úmido. No Brasil, o Aedes albopictus é considerado vetor potencial desses arbovírus. O objetivo deste trabalho foi realizar o monitoramento da frequência de espécies de Aedes sp. no Campus da Faculdade de Saúde Pública (USP) com base na instalação de armadilhas ovitrampas em diferentes pontos. O trabalho de campo foi realizado mensalmente de fevereiro a setembro de 2019. Foi observada variação de abundância de ovos de acordo com o período do ano e associação com pluviosidade. É indicada a continuidade dos programas do monitoramento afim de prevenir o estabelecimento de transmissão de doenças como transmitidas pelos mosquitos do gênero Aedes, tais como Dengue e Chikungunyia.