bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Longe dos grandes centros urbanos: o expurgo do não-eu e o uso da pretensa credibilidade do jornalismo em blogs, microblogs e redes sociais digitais
Authors: Sena Patricia Rakel de Castro , Sena Rômulo Magnus de Castro , Sousa Ricardo Barbosa Fernandes de , Rocha Heitor Costa Lima da
Published: February 2022

Este artigo apresenta uma análise crítica de discurso sobre as matérias que se pretendem jornalísticas, porque pretendem a credibilidade de carregar em suas publicações o estatuto da verdade, em plataformas digitais e online e que midiatizam regiões interiorana do Brasil, mas especificamente no sertão Potiguar. Este estudo busca categorizar os discursos e analisá-los levando em consideração uma característica recorrente nas eleições político-partidárias: o “expurgo do não-eu”, o que se distingue de mim ideologicamente nas práticas sociais políticas, feito não só por candidatos políticos quanto pelos jornalistas ou donos dos meios de comunicação/perfis em plataformas digitais online.
Indústria siderúrgica brasileira nas ideias de Monteiro lobato e Pandiá Calógeras
Authors: Pereira Cristiano
Published: February 2022

Monteiro Lobato (1882-1948), após voltar dos Estados Unidos em 1931, resolveu engajar-se na área industrial, no ramo da siderurgia. Para conseguir simpatias da opinião pública brasileira, veicula, no jornal "O Estado de S. Paulo", seis artigos nos quais conclama aos leitores a necessidade ingente de promover a siderurgia nacional. Entretanto, algumas de suas proposições sobre indústria siderúrgica não eram originais, e sim desenvolvimento de ideias anteriormente expressas por Pandiá Calógeras (1870-1934); o escritor brasileiro desenvolveu a proposição de que o incremento econômico que seria obtido por uma inovadora indústria siderúrgica geraria, necessariamente, um "derivativo cultural" no Brasil.
Mary Montagu e a inoculação da varíola na Inglaterra no século XVIII
Authors: Soares Marina Juliana de Oliveira
Published: February 2022

Quando pesquisamos o tema da inoculação na Inglaterra, encontramos menção a mais nomes masculinos do que à mulher com papel de destaque na disseminação desse procedimento. Trata-se de Mary Wortley Montagu (1689–1762), escritora e defensora desse método que ela conheceu no Império Otomano. Diante do pouco destaque concedido a ela, a proposta deste artigo é apresentar a figura de Montagu, a sua história pessoal com a varíola, sua defesa do procedimento de inoculação na Inglaterra e a forte oposição sofrida por ela. Dentre os opositores, figuravam membros da Royal Society e do College of Physicians, que contribuíam certamente para alimentar a repulsa de Montagu em relação à categoria médica.
A new species of Pristimantis Jiménez de la Espada, 1870 (Anura: Strabomantidae) from the “Brejos de Altitude” in Northeast Brazil
Authors: ROBERTO IGOR JOVENTINO , LOEBMANN DANIEL , LYRA MARIANA L. , HADDAD CÉLIOF.B , ÁVILA ROBSON WALDEMAR
Published: February 2022

Pristimantis is the most diverse Neotropical genus of terrestrial vertebrates and is distributed from Central America to Argentina. The last few years have seen the description of several new species of the genus, suggesting that its diversity is still underestimated. After decades of uncertainties about the taxonomic status of populations of Pristimantis from the “Brejos de Altitude” of the state of Ceará, Northeast Brazil, we finally found morphological, acoustic and molecular evidence confirming their distinctiveness from other Atlantic Forest species. The new species is characterized by the following: shagreen dorsal skin with small-scattered tubercles, absence of dorsolateral fold, presence of tarsal fold, advertisement call composed of 1–8 pulsed notes, (2–5 pulses per note), and dominant frequency located in the second energy band, ranging from 3617–4220 Hz. Phylogenetic analysis placed the new species in the Pristimantis conspicillatus species group and the sister lineage of the Atlantic Forest clade comprising P. ramagii, P. paulodutrai and the P. vinhai species complex.
Morphological and molecular characterization of Geocenamus persici n. sp. (Nematoda: Merliniinae) from China
Authors: ZHANG CHENYING , MUNAWAR MARIA , CASTILLO PABLO , HAN SHAOJIE , ZHENG JINGWU
Published: February 2022

A new stunt nematode species, Geocenamus persici n. sp. was recovered from the rhizosphere of peach (Prunus persica) in Zhejiang Province, China. This species is characterized by a dome-shaped labial region with six bulging sectors. The lip region is slightly offset from the rest of the body with five annuli; cuticle with over 30 longitudinal striae; stylet slender, 19 to 21 μm long; excretory pore at the anterior region of the basal pharyngeal bulb; tail cylindrical, 55 to 79 μm long with striated terminus. Males are common. Morphologically, the species is close to G. brevicaudatus, G. chengi, G. conicaudatus, G. quadrifer, G. rugosus, and G. tartuensis. Phylogenetic relationships of the new species placed G. persici n. sp. with other species of subfamily Merliniinae. However, it has a sister relationship with G. chengi. Since the new species is found in the peach plantations, our study will lay a foundation to initiate investigations on the occurrence of stunt nematodes in peach growing areas and will aid the researchers to determine whether this group of nematodes cause peach plantation diseases.
Eucharistic Fast in the Catholic East and West—With Special Emphasis on the Current Legislation of the Hungarian Greek Catholic Church
Authors: Szaplonczay Mate
Published: February 2022

For every catholic adult, careful preparation is necessary before receiving the Holy Eucharist. The Eucharistic fast plays an important role in the preparation for the reception of the Holy Eucharist. After introducing the nature of this fast, the current discipline of the Roman Catholic Church regarding the Eucharistic fast will be demonstrated, with a historic review of the relevant changes during the 20th century. At the second part, we summarize the current regulations regarding Eucharistic fast in the Eastern Catholic sui iuris Churches; then, we get an insight into the issues of the ongoing codification process of the Hungarian Greek Catholic Church concerning the Eucharistic fast. Besides, we summarize the conditions for a possible later extension of the duration of the Eucharistic fast.
Changing Trends in Drug Overdose Mortality in Kentucky: An Examination of Race and Ethnicity, Age, and Contributing Drugs, 2016-2020
Authors: Slavova Svetla , Freeman Patricia R. , Rock Peter , Brancato Candace , Hargrove Sarah , Liford Madison , Quesinberry Dana , Walsh Sharon L.
Published: February 2022

Objectives:

Increased drug overdose mortality among non-Hispanic Black people in the United States in the past 5 years highlights the need for better tailored programs and services. We evaluated (1) changes in drug overdose mortality for various racial and ethnic groups and (2) drug involvement to inform drug overdose prevention efforts in Kentucky.

Methods:

We used Kentucky death certificates and postmortem toxicology reports from 2016-2020 (provisional data) to estimate changes in age-adjusted drug overdose death rates per 100 000 standard population.

Results:

The age-adjusted drug overdose death rate per 100 000 standard population among non-Hispanic Black residents doubled from 2016 (21.2) to 2020 (46.0), reaching the rate among non-Hispanic White residents in 2020 (48.7; P = .48). From 2016 to 2020, about 80% of these drug overdose deaths involved opioids; heroin involvement declined about 20 percentage points; fentanyl involvement increased about 30 percentage points. The number of psychostimulant-involved drug overdose deaths increased 513% among non-Hispanic Black residents and 191% among non-Hispanic White residents. Cocaine-involved drug overdose deaths increased among non-Hispanic Black residents but declined among non-Hispanic White residents. Drug overdose death rates were significantly lower among Hispanic residents than among non-Hispanic White residents.

Conclusions:

Increased opioid-involved overdose deaths among non-Hispanic Black residents in Kentucky in combination with rapidly expanding concomitant psychostimulant involvement require increased understanding of the social, cultural, and illicit market circumstances driving these rapid trend changes. Our findings underscore the urgent need to expand treatment and harm reduction services to non-Hispanic Black residents with substance use disorder.
Disruption impact of citronella and menthol insecticides on adults behavior and hemocytes morphology in the red palm weevil Rhynchophorus ferrugineus “Oliver” (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)
Authors: Al Dawsari Mona Mohammed , Alam Pravej
Published: February 2022

This study was conducted to evaluate some terpenes effect on the behavior and immune function of hemocytes in adults of the red palm weevil Rhynchophorus ferrugineus. Six individual different terpenes these are: (±)-menthol, B-citronellol, ( + )-3-carene, (R)- ( + )- limonene, citronella oil and orange terpenes. The results revealed significant differences between the terpenes used on the olfactory response on this insect, in that half of the compounds were very attractive while the other half were repellant to them. This behavior study results with olfactometer citronella oil exhibited an 80% attraction response rate for both sexes, while menthol exhibited a 60% attraction response rate for females and 100% for males. By contrast, menthol had a more significant effect on adults than citronella, lethal concentration at 50 scale (LC50) values of 1.03, 0.89, and 0.9 mg, and LC95 values of 5.09, 2.01, and 1.59 mg, after 24, 48 and 72 h, respectively. For citronella oil, the LC50 values were 2.09, 1.76, and 1.70 mg after 24, 48, and 72 h, and the LC95 values were 5.5, 3.7, and 1.5 mg after 24, 48 and 72h, were noted. In the present study, the effects of citronella and methanol insecticides were observed on six types of hemocytes namely prohemocytes, granulocytes, plasmatocytes, oenocytes, coagulocytes and spherulocytes. Both citronella oil and menthol had a histopathological effect on the hemocytes of the adult red palm weevil, specifically, on the cell membrane, cytoplasm, and nucleus. The findings also revealed that the vacuoles in some hemocytes, specifically, the prohemocytes, plasmatocytes, and granulocytes were more sensitive than those in other hemocytes, which remained unaffected by the treatment.

The effects of citronella and menthol on RPW immunity were demonstrated in this study, and this information may be applied to their usage in integrated pest control at sub-lethal dosages.
Racial Equity by Design: Forming Transformative Agency to Address the Racialization of School Discipline
Authors: Ko Dosun , Bal Aydin , Artiles Alfredo J.
Published: February 2022

Racial disproportionality in school discipline is an enduring systemic problem whose patterns change from one context to another. In order to develop systemic solutions that are responsive to local contexts, school stakeholders’ collective, agentic actions toward systemic changes are essential. Utilizing a participatory systemic design process led by an urban high school community, this case study examines how Learning Lab, an inclusive problem-solving process, fostered urban school stakeholders’ transformative agency. Through structured decision-making and collaborative design activity, Learning Lab participants analyzed systemic contradictions in the school discipline system and developed a culturally responsive behavioral support system to address racial disproportionality in discipline outcomes.
How Many Braille Readers? Policy, Politics, and Perception
Authors: Sheffield Rebecca M. , D’Andrea Frances M. , Morash Valerie , Chatfield Sarah
Published: February 2022

Introduction

This study involved a systematic literature review to document the sources behind publications and citations that comprise knowledge about rates of braille usage/literacy among people with visual impairments in the United States.

Methods

Predefined search criteria were used to extract publications that potentially mentioned claims about braille literacy and usage rates, dating back as far as the early 20th century. Systematic analyses narrowed the set of publications to a collection of 95 articles and manuscripts that made specific statements about the prevalence of braille readership.

Results

The analysis revealed that even in peer-reviewed publications, many claims about braille literacy are made without citations to dependable sources. All identified citations used as the basis for braille literacy rates since the 1970s can be traced back to two primary sources: a National Library Service report from 1979 and the American Printing House for the Blind (APH) Federal Quota data (which should not be used as a source for braille literacy rates).

Discussion

This research explains the source of the often-cited “10%” statistic. The findings also challenge the field to question the bases for statements about braille literacy rates, including asking, “What do we mean by braille literacy?”

Implications for Practitioners

There is no current source of data that succinctly measures braille literacy rates in the United States, and there are no data that explain whether braille literacy rates are rising or declining. Making effective, data-based decisions requires asking the right questions and being informed readers of research in the field of visual impairment.
High 18F-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose uptake in adult-type rhabdomyoma of the larynx
Authors: Hung Kuo-Wei , Chen Hsiao-Yun , Wang Jia Joanna , Cheng Hsueh-Chien , Wu Ming-Syuan , Chan Leong-Perng
Published: February 2022

Rhabdomyomas are rare benign mesenchymal tumors of the skeletal muscles and uncommon in the head and neck region. Laryngeal rhabdomyomas are much rarer. We present the case of a 32-year-old woman who was admitted to our hospital for shortness of breath due to pneumothorax. As otolaryngologists, we were consulted for a soft tissue tumor over the left side of the larynx that was accidentally found on the chest computed tomography (CT). The patient underwent laryngomicrosurgery for tumor biopsy, and histological examination revealed a laryngeal rhabdomyoma. After the operation, magnetic resonance imaging of the neck was performed and the tumor was suspected as rhabdomyosarcoma. Positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) showed an 18F-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (FDG)-avid soft tissue mass on the left side of the larynx. After complete tumor removal via transoral laser microsurgery, no recurrence was reported for 5 years.
Secondary Teachers’ Remote Instructional Practices in Mathematics for Students With Disabilities
Authors: Enders Olivia G. , Kostewicz Douglas
Published: February 2022

Increasing numbers of students with disabilities (SWD) receive remote or online instruction in secondary mathematics. Unprecedented shifts in teaching modalities during the COVID-19 pandemic highlighted the need for effective remote instruction. The present study surveyed 31 general and special education teachers to identify features of remote instruction in secondary mathematics for SWD and understand the changes between Spring and Fall of 2020. Teachers reported increases in the variety of presentation and practice methods and the use of synchronous methods of feedback. Assessment and methods of providing feedback on assessments remained stable over time. Shifts represented alignment with existing frameworks for best practices in online learning and provided opportunities for the incorporation of evidence-based practices (EBPs) into secondary mathematics instruction. Barriers, such as progress monitoring and providing intensive instruction, remain prevalent and critical areas for continued investigation.
Influence of Role Stressors and Job Insecurity on Turnover Intentions in Start-ups: Mediating Role of Job Stress
Authors: Rangrez Shaifa Nazir , Amin Faseeh , Dixit Sweta
Published: February 2022

Start-up organizations are informal and loosely structured, and they operate in a highly volatile environment that has a high attrition rate. This makes the employees of start-ups susceptible to stress, which may lead to turnover intentions. Industrial reports show that start-up organizations have a higher turnover ratio in comparison to that in other sectors. The purpose of this article is to explore the antecedents of job stress in Indian start-ups and to examine their relationship with job stress. Furthermore, the mediating role of job stress in the relationship between turnover intentions and the antecedents of job stress itself is also examined. Using snowball sampling, 1,000 employees of five start-up companies in India are targeted to record 473 responses. Post data cleaning, only 412 functional responses are used for the study. The analysis in the study is carried out using structural equation modelling. The results reveal that three role stressors and job insecurity positively influence job stress, which eventually leads to turnover intentions. The mediation analysis also reveals that job stress partially mediates the relationship between turnover intentions and job stressors that include job insecurity. The findings of this article will be useful for human resource (HR) managers in start-up organizations. The suggestions presented in this article will help HR managers to find ways to keep the employees free of stress, bringing down the rate of turnover intentions in the process.

JEL Code: M
Are U.S. Presidents Becoming Less Rhetorically Complex? Evaluating the Integrative Complexity of Joe Biden and Donald Trump in Historical Context
Authors: Conway Lucian G. , Zubrod Alivia
Published: February 2022

Are U.S. political leaders becoming simpler in their rhetoric? To evaluate, we place the two most recent Presidents’ integrative complexity against a historical context for three different types of comparable materials. Results reveal that both Biden and Trump are simple when compared to the typical President. Further, segmented regression analyses reveal Biden's and Trump's low complexity is partially the continuation of an ongoing historical decline in complexity among Presidents. Importantly, this complexity decline is occurring for both Republicans and Democrats.
C-reactive protein and white blood cell count are adverse prognostic markers for patients with advanced cancer on parenteral nutrition in a palliative care unit setting: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Kieler Markus , Kössler Paul , Milovic Matija , Meyer Elias , Križanová Kristína , Kum Lea , Friedrich Alexander , Masel Eva , Bauer Raimund , Unseld Matthias
Published: February 2022

Background:

Parenteral nutrition is controversial in patients with advanced cancer. Nevertheless, this treatment is common practice near the end of life.

Aim:

We aimed to identify factors which were associated with the outcome of patients on parenteral nutrition at an academic tertiary palliative care unit.

Design:

In this retrospective cohort study patients were assigned to two groups according to parenteral nutrition treatment. Inferential statistics were used to assess whether the dynamics of laboratory variables over 2 weeks of parenteral nutrition were associated with survival.

Setting/Participants:

Patients admitted to the Department of Palliative Medicine at the Medical University of Vienna between 2016 and 2018 were included in this study.

Results:

Of 443 patients, 113 patients received parenteral nutrition. Patients had a lower body mass index, lower levels of bilirubin, γ-glutamyltransferase, alkaline phosphatase, and were of younger age compared to patients which did not receive parenteral nutrition. No difference in survival as measured from admission to death was found when comparing the two groups. Levels for γ-glutamyltransferase, alkaline phosphatase, and C-reactive protein significantly increased during 2 weeks of parenteral nutrition. Among patients with parenteral nutrition, an increase in C-reactive protein or white blood cell count levels was associated with lower survival.

Conclusion:

Patients who responded with an increase of C-reactive protein or white blood cell count during 2 weeks after reinitiation or start of parenteral nutrition had a worse survival. Our findings might support clinicians and patients in their decision to forgo parenteral nutrition in a palliative care setting.
Attention Modulates the Ensemble Coding of Facial Expressions
Authors: Ying Haojiang
Published: February 2022

Ensemble coding and attention are two mechanisms utilized by our visual system to overcome the limitation of visual processing when confronted with the overwhelming visual information. Recent evidence in ensemble coding of size suggests that the attended items contributed more to the averaging. On the other hand, some new evidence also indicates that reduced attention jeopardies the perceptual averaging of stimuli. What is the relationship between attention and ensemble coding? To answer this question, in the current study, we tested whether an exogenous attentional cue would influence the reported mean emotion of a crowd. We showed participants a group of four faces with different emotions. Participants’ attention was guided to the happiest or saddest face (attention conditions), or not to any specific face (baseline condition). The results supported the notion that the attention alters the ensemble perception of the facial expression by elevating the weight of that face in the ensemble representation. This opens the question for the neural mechanisms of ensemble coding and its connection to visual attention.
Decade of Research in Review at the Auburn University Stormwater Research Facility
Authors: Schussler Jaime C. , Perez Michael A. , Donald Wesley N. , Whitman J. Blake , Zech Wesley C. , Fang Xing , Fagan Barry
Published: February 2022

Sediment remains one of the most commonly occurring pollutants affecting the U.S.’s water bodies, as identified by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) ( 1). Construction activities largely accelerate soil erosion and subsequent sediment deposition. The National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System Construction General Permit requires construction operators to implement erosion and sediment control (E&SC) plans to minimize downstream implications from sediment-laden discharge. However, E&SC practices are often designed from “rules of thumb” and lack scientific, performance-based evidence in their design and implementation. The Auburn University Stormwater Research Facility (AU-SRF), previously the Auburn University Erosion and Sediment Control Testing Facility (AU-ESCTF), is an outdoor research center dedicated to evaluating E&SC practices and products commonly used on highway construction projects. Large-scale test apparatuses and methods at AU-SRF are designed to mimic construction site conditions, including rainfall, flow rates, topography, and soil characteristics, to evaluate existing and novel E&SC practices. Since its inception in 2008, AU-SRF has provided small-, medium-, and large-scale testing evaluations for numerous Departments of Transportation and product manufacturers. Findings from controlled testing have continued to inform the selection, design, implementation, and maintenance of E&SC practices used on construction sites and protect downstream waters and infrastructure. In the first decade, AU-SRF has directed 13 research projects and produced more than 30 peer-reviewed publications and 100 professional presentations. As AU-SRF grows into its second decade and efforts reach outside of the southeastern region, the mission to advance knowledge through E&SC research and development, product evaluation, and training remains constant. This review synthesizes the research produced from large-scale testing at AU-SRF to date and presents ongoing projects.
Willingness to Pay for Advanced Safety Features in Vehicles: An Adaptive Choice-Based Conjoint Analysis Approach
Authors: Nickkar Amirreza , Lee Young-Jae
Published: February 2022

Advanced safety features in vehicles are emerging features that car manufacturers design and produce to improve the safety of driving a vehicle. In recent years, car manufacturers increasingly have provided different safety features as options to their customers. Understanding consumers’ interests and priorities relating to these features in vehicles has motivated researchers to conduct market analysis studies. This study aims to analyze the willingness to pay (WTP) for the advanced safety features in vehicles by adults resident in the U.S.A. Implementing adaptive choice-based conjoint analysis (ACBC), which is a special market analysis technique, and using comprehensible and realistic attributes in the survey are the main innovations of this study. The results of this study show that surround monitoring and collision avoidance systems are the most important attributes for respondents in their next vehicle. After that, the vehicle’s connectivity system was the third most important factor. Respondents distinctly preferred a vehicle with fully automated crash avoidance features. Moreover, the vehicle with safety features having the highest utilities may capture almost 61% of the market.
The body at the receiving end of political power. An interview with Bagryana Popov
Authors: Römhild Juliane
Published: February 2022

The text of this interview is based on a conversation between Bagryana Popov and Juliane Römhild on 1 September 2021. In this interview, Bagryana discusses two works which unite her research into political trauma and site-specific performance in the context of political repression under the communist regime in Bulgaria. For her choreography He is not here and the performance event Traces (2011) Bagryana returned to Sofia, the city of her birth, to explore her own family history and her grandfather’s incarceration as a political prisoner. He is not here is a meditation on the body at the receiving end of political power developed in collaboration with dancer Simon Ellis. Traces takes the audience first to the courthouse in Sofia, where Bagryana’s grandfather was trialled, and then to her family’s flat where Bagryana’s daughter reads from the diaries of her grandmother. Both works were a part of Bagryana’s PhD project at Melbourne University.
The ultimate think tank: The rise of the Santa Fe Institute libertarian
Authors: Baker Erik
Published: February 2022

Why do corporations and wealthy philanthropists fund the human sciences? Examining the history of the Santa Fe Institute (SFI), a private research institute founded in the early 1980s, this article shows that funders can find as much value in the social worlds of the sciences they sponsor as in their ideas. SFI became increasingly dependent on funding from corporations and libertarian business leaders in the 1990s and 2000s. At the same time, its intellectual work came to focus on the underlying principles of adaptation, innovation, and decentralized coordination supposedly at work in ‘complex systems’ from biological ecosystems to markets and firms. This research cast the ideas of the libertarian economist Friedrich Hayek into a new scientific idiom. SFI also became a space where figures in business, media, academia, and politics could come to learn to see the world in a particular way—to acquire the subjectivity of what I call ‘the Santa Fe Institute libertarian’. At SFI, visitors did not simply learn the principles of neo-Hayekian complex system science. They came to see themselves as agents of social evolution, providing the spark that the free-market system needed to produce new technologies and new solutions to social problems without top-down political direction. For the Institute's corporate and libertarian financiers, SFI was not just a space where intellectuals described the world in favored ideological terms, but a space where elite actors became committed to the project of making a new political-economic order.
Synthesis and characterization of nitrogen-rich polybenzoxazines for energetic applications
Authors: Abdous Slimane , Derradji Mehdi , Mehelli Oussama , Belgacemi Raouf , Soudjrari Sarah , Ramdani Noureddine , Khiari Karim , Kadi Mohamed El Amine , Liu Wenbin
Published: February 2022

In a vision to develop new synthetic routes for the preparation of energetic materials, two new energetic benzoxazine monomers were synthesized via a two-step Mannich reaction process involving the incorporation of nitrogen–nitrogen bonds and explosophore groups (NO2) into the monomer backbone. The molecular structures of the synthesized monomers were confirmed by 1H NMR, Fourier transform infrared and elemental analysis techniques. The curing behavior and the degradation phenomena were evaluated by differential scanning calorimetry-thermogravimetric analysis analyses. The two monomers showed two distinct exothermic peaks related to the polymerization and degradation phases. The energetic performances were evaluated by determining the heat of combustion and formation using a bomb calorimeter, in an oxygen atmosphere. The results indicated that the 2,4 dinitrophenylhydrazine–based benzoxazine has better energetic properties than the phenylsemicarbazide-based benzoxazine, and the two developed polymers showed comparable performances with nitrocellulose and glycid azide polymer. Overall, this study has demonstrated that the ease of synthesis of the benzoxazine resins via Mannich reaction can be further extended to the energetic field and further research is undergoing to fully unravel the potential of these exceptional materials.
Sustainable metal droplet formation via open-source, cost-effective, and modifiable droplet generator
Authors: Korkut Volkan , Yavuz Hakan
Published: February 2022

In this study, a metal droplet generator developed with an open-source concept is presented. The continuous droplet generation process was achieved without inert gas assistance. Owing to this desktop device, which is proposed as an alternative to high-cost metal printing devices, users can achieve stable droplets continuously at low costs. Taking into account the pressure balance inside the melting region, the necessary amount of a metal wire feed was first revealed. The droplets generated which are in good agreement with the theoretical calculations were then ejected via mechanically restricted vibrational impacts. The reproducibility of the system was also tested. The droplet formation stages were classified, and the stable parameter groups were revealed in accordance with the measurements. Moreover, the wire type material feeding issue in metal droplet generators, which were insufficiently studied so far, has also been examined. A dynamic feeder mechanism was introduced in detail. In conclusion, Ball Grid Array deposition and functional circuit printing have been successfully achieved. This study on a continuous metal droplet formation is also important for future studies because the structure of the device is easily accessible and modifiable.
Thermal investigation of peristaltic pumping of modified hybrid nanofluid (Al2O3−TiO2−Cu)/H2O) through a complex wavy convergent channel with electro-magneto-hydrodynamic phenomenon
Authors: Javid Khurram , Bilal Muhammad , Ali Nasir , Khan Sami Ullah
Published: February 2022

This research analytically investigates the mathematical study of unsteady peristaltic motion of a modified hybrid nanofluid (containing dissimilar nanoparticles) in a convergent channel. This flow of modified hybrid nanofluids is controlled by the combined effects of magnetic and electric devices. In the current analysis, hybrid fluid with three distinct nano particles (titania oxide, alumina oxide and copper metallic nanoparticles) are considered to observe the performance of hybrid nanofluids along with water as a base fluid. The flow analysis is carried out under creeping phenomena and long wavelength approximations. Additionally, this mathematical invention is intended to examine the transport phenomena of biological fluids through the large to the small intestine. The Debye-Hückel theory (i.e. wall zeta potential ≤ 25 mV) is also used to remove the non-linearity of the Poisson-Boltzmann equation, which is assumed to become a simplified model of an electrolyte solution. The close-formed solutions are obtained for a system of non-dimensional boundary value problem. The effects of the physical parameters on the rheological phenomena are depicted graphically using Mathematica 11 software. Applications of the mathematical model include transport of complex biological fluids and control the transportation of fluids by using electro-kinetic modulate devices. Additionally, this study is productive to design a complex peristaltic pump which is used to control the motion of bio-fluids.
A Time-Varying Analysis between Financial Development and Carbon Emissions: Evidence from the MINT countries
Authors: Sunday Adebayo Tomiwa , Saint Akadiri Seyi , Haouas Ilham , Rjoub Husam
Published: February 2022

Since the global economic crisis, researchers and policymakers have paid close attention to the carbon emissions and financial development interrelationship, and some researchers believe that financial development can aid in abating the emissions of carbon. Thus, the objective of this study is to analysis the impacts of financial development of the MINT countries (Mexico, Indonesia, Nigeria and Turkey) on their CO2 emissions year on year via historical data covering the period 1969–2019. The full-sample bootstrap non-Granger causality test outcomes for Mexico and Turkey reveal that there is a one-way causal association from financial development to CO2 emissions. Short and long-run instability is shown through a range of parameter constancy tests utilized to investigate the stability of the estimated vector autoregressive models. This implies that the full-sample causality tests are inadequate, necessitating the use of a time-varying (bootstrap) rolling-window technique to address parameter non-constancy and prevent pre-test distortion; therefore, this research uses rolling-window bootstrap estimation. Empirical results from the rolling-window bootstrap estimation show that the nexus between financial development and carbon emissions is date-stamped. These outcomes indicate that significant feedback causal associations exist between financial development and CO2 emissions in sub-sampled periods in the MINT nations. In addition, we observe emission-decreasing and emission-increasing effects of financial development in the sampled countries across period. One of the study policy recommendations is that policymakers in these nations through monetary authority should mop-up financial resources from institutions showing emission-increasing tendencies to institutions and/or sectors with emission-reducing tendencies.
Twenty-year trends in all-cause mortality of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus in Mexico: Results from a nationwide health registry
Authors: Mendoza-Pinto Claudia , Etchegaray-Morales Ivet , Garcia-Carrasco Mario , Munguía-Realpozo Pamela , Méndez-Martínez Socorro , Osorio-Peña Angel David , Montiel-Jarquín Álvaro José
Published: February 2022

Objective

Regional variations in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) mortality may be due to different spectra of local environmental factors. The aim of this study was to assess mortality trends in adults with SLE using a nationwide health registry.

Methods

Data came from the Dynamic Cubes of the General Direction of Health Information for 1998–2017 for mortality. In patients aged ≥15 years, SLE as the principal cause of death was defined according to ICD-10 code M32 and was classified by sex and age. Joinpoint trend analyses of annual age-standardized mortality rates (ASMR) for SLE patients and non-SLE people were made.

Results

We identified 11 449 SLE deaths and 9,989,874 non-SLE deaths. The SLE ASMR increased more than the non-SLE ASMR, with a 98.2% cumulative increase in the ratio of SLE to non-SLE deaths. Whereas the non-SLE ASMR remained relatively stable throughout the study period (overall and by sex), the SLE ASMR significantly increased between 1998 and 2009, non-significantly decreased between 2009 and 2013 and non-significantly increased thereafter. Both women and men had a large cumulative increase in the SLE ASMR/non-SLE ASMR ratio (73.9 and 191.3%, respectively). The Southeast region had the largest cumulative increases in the ratio of SLE to non-SLE ASMR (108.8%). Of the 11,449 deaths, 445 (3.8%) were in geographical areas where ≥40% of the population is indigenous.

Conclusion

SLE mortality rates have increased since 1998 and remain high compared with non-SLE mortality: significant sex and regional disparities persist.
Can Preschoolers Learn Computational Thinking and Coding Skills with ScratchJr? A Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Stamatios Papadakis
Published: February 2022

Computational Thinking (CT) and the understanding of how programs are being executed is internationally acknowledging as a necessity for today's students and citizens of tomorrow. Despite the multifaceted nature of CT, the introduction of CT and associate concepts such as coding is regarded as developmental acceptable for preschool and kindergarten children. For a decade, there has been a focus on educational reform in the form of educational apps. For young children, an influx of mobile apps offering various interfaces and styles promote themselves as having educational value to introduce children aged 5–7 to essential CT, coding, and problem-solving skills. On the contrary, little is known about the educational value of these apps. The fast pace at which developers produce these apps and the breadth of the available apps have gone beyond what it is reasonable for researchers and experts in the domain to evaluate. This article presents a literature review on how the ScratchJr app affects young children's CT, coding, and general literacy skills. The literature review includes 18 studies. The main conclusion is that although ScratchJr is not a panacea, it seems to be a helpful app that positively affects children's CT and coding skills.
Gastric Carcinoma with Lymphoid Stroma: A Combination of Mismatch Repair Deficient Medullary Type and Epstein–Barr Virus-associated Gastric Carcinomas
Authors: Uner Meral , Isık Aynur , Oztop Sıdıka , Karabulut Erdem , Demirkol-Canlı Secil , Akyol Aytekin
Published: February 2022

Gastric carcinomas consist of a heterogeneous group of neoplasms with broad cytological and architectural variations. Gastric carcinomas with lymphoid stroma show poor correlation between their histomorphology and biological behavior. This contrast causes a need for more detailed analysis and molecular exploration of lymphoid stroma-rich gastric carcinomas with medullary like features and lack of glandular differentiation. In this study, we performed a detailed retrospective analysis of 53 gastric carcinomas among 654 gastric tumors from surgical resection specimens, all of which had no prominent glandular differentiation. Morphological and clinical data were compared with immunohistochemistry (MLH1, PMS2, MSH2 and MSH6 for mismatch repair mechanism deficiency; CD2, CD8 and CD163 for immune infiltration; and PD-1, PD-L1, LMP-1, ERBB2 and ki-67) besides EBER in situ hybridization and molecular studies (PCR based microsatellite instability and BRAF V600E mutation analysis). Morphological, immunohistochemical and molecular findings lead us to classify lymphoid stroma–rich advanced gastric carcinomas (n = 40/53) into two distinct entities originating from two different pathogenetic pathway: one is gastric carcinomas revealing predominantly medullary type morphology with defective DNA mismatch repair mechanism (n = 30/53) and the other is EBV associated carcinomas (n = 10/53). In addition, we suggest that biomarker based classification algorithms besides morphological evaluation are necessary to identify these two entities. Distinguishing these entities is crucial to apply different treatment strategies, including alternative treatments such as immunotherapy.
Morphological and Molecular Characteristics in Low Grade Fetal Adenocarcinoma of the Lung: Two Case Reports and Literature Review
Authors: Yanagawa Naoki , Uesugi Noriyuki , Nishiya Masao , Sugimoto Ryo , Osakabe Mitsumasa , Saitoh Hajime , Maemondo Makoto , Sugai Tamotsu
Published: February 2022

Background: Low-grade fetal adenocarcinoma of the lung is a rare pulmonary tumor resembling fetal lung histologically. Due to its rarity, there is limited information regarding the pathogenesis and biological characteristics of low-grade fetal adenocarcinoma of the lung. Here, we describe two cases of low-grade fetal adenocarcinoma of the lung treated at our hospital and summarize cases of low-grade fetal adenocarcinoma of the lung reported in the literature. Case presentation: We examined two cases (one woman and one man; 30 and 67 years old, respectively). Histologically, tumor tissues from both cases had a complex glandular component with clear cuboidal and columnar cells that resembled the histological features of fetal lung. In some areas, squamous morules were prominent. Immunohistochemically, nuclear/cytoplasmic expression of β-catenin was detected in both cases. Mutation analysis revealed a CTNNB1 mutation in both cases and a DICER1 mutation in 1 case. No mutations in EGFR, BRAF, KRAS, or PIK3CA were found. Conclusions: Low-grade fetal adenocarcinoma of the lung showed a high frequency of CTNNB1 mutations and low frequencies of EGFR, KRAS, BRAF, and PIK3CA mutations in our examined cases and in previous studies. This rare tumor has unique clinicopathological characteristics with specific genetic aberrations involving the Wnt pathway. These results provide a molecular basis for development of new therapies to treat these tumors.
Learning to inhabit the liquid liminal world of work: An auto-ethnographic visual study of work-life boundary transitions
Authors: Izak Michal , Shortt Harriet , Case Peter
Published: February 2022

This article explores a conceptually modified notion of liminality in order to make better sense of contemporary ‘flexible’ working life. Previous conceptualizations of liminality rely on the assumed existence of socially sustained boundaries and the possibility of boundary spanning. Under conditions of liquid modernity, however, boundaries or thresholds have been destabilized to the point of collapse. Nonetheless, individuals still feel the need to establish and maintain intersubjective boundaries to preserve their own sense of well-being. To understand the new predicament faced by employees, we reconceptualise liminality for liquid times – through the notion of liquid liminality – and, simultaneously, problematize dominant conceptions of work-life balance. The implications that liquid liminality carries for the notion of flexible knowledge work are discussed. Our auto-ethnographic visual study of an academic returning from maternity leave uses a socio-material lens to exemplify the struggles of the contemporary flexible knowledge worker. It also demonstrates how the constant transition between workplace and home life is freighted with anxiety and exhaustion. We also outline opportunities for establishing new learning habits that follow from our theoretical framing and empirical analysis.
Cross-cultural measurement invariance of the fear of COVID-19 scale in three Portuguese-speaking countries
Authors: Giolo Suely Ruiz , Giordani Rubia Carla Formighieri , Zanoni da Silva Milene , Dias Paulo César Azevedo , Estavela Arune , Ismael Mabuie Janete
Published: February 2022

This study evaluated the measurement invariance of the Portuguese version of the Fear of COVID-19 Scale (FCV-19S) across three countries: Brazil (South America), Mozambique (East Africa), and Portugal (Southwest Europe). A total of 8694 participants were recruited through convenience sampling (7430 Brazilians, 387 Mozambicans, and 877 Portuguese adults). The unidimensional structure of the FCV-19S fitted well with each country’s data. Multigroup confirmatory factor analysis showed that the FCV-19S was partially invariant across countries and fully invariant across gender and age groups, thus providing a solid basis for cross-group comparisons. Structural invariance tests revealed different levels of fear across countries and genders but not across age groups.
Imprisonment and Citizenship in Senegal, 1917–1946: The Case of the Originaires
Authors: Konaté Dior
Published: February 2022

This paper examines the incarceration of the Originaires in colonial Senegal to illuminate how imprisonment had shaped or altered their French citizenship rights in prisons. Among the prison population in colonial Senegal were some Originaires, the residents of the Four Communes who were granted French citizenship rights as early as 1833, a status that remained ambiguous until 1916 when a new law made them full-pledged French citizens. But the colonial government restrictions on access to full French citizenship rights in the Four Communes compelled the Originaires to mobilize to defend those rights. Their struggle found a breeding ground in the colonial prisons where some Originaire prisoners made two types of claims: to equality with European prisoners based on notions of birthright citizenship and cultural claims to being a different category of prisoners that deserved differential treatment compared to “natives.” By building their requests for equal admission to the European regime around the violation of their citizenship rights, this study will demonstrate that Originaire prisoners made arguments that tied their claims-making specifically to race and status without losing sight of the cultural differences between themselves and “native” prisoners, all in the context of a racially segregated prison world.
Investigation of the influence of the tumbling angle on a tumbling self-piercing riveting process
Authors: Wituschek Simon , Lechner Michael
Published: February 2022

To achieve the climate objectives, various measures are taken to increase the efficiency of raw materials and energies used. A sector with a large proportion of the global consumption of resources is the mobility sector. To increase the efficiency in this field, large efforts are made to reduce the weight of moving masses. One approach is the use of multi-material systems, which utilises different materials and their specific properties depending on the local requirements. Multi-material systems consist often of materials which differ in strength and density, for example, high-strength steels, aluminium alloys or polymers. Additionally, such a system can utilise different geometries of the components to be joined, characterised for example by varying sheet thicknesses. A central challenge of producing these systems is the joining of the individual components. This requires robust joining processes capable of covering the entire spectrum of possible variants and is feasible for different physical properties of the materials. Since conventional joining processes are rather rigid and have difficulty reacting to changing process and disturbance variables, new joining processes are necessary. With the objective of being able to react versatile to varying parameters, a process combination consisting of a semi-tubular self-piercing riveting process and orbital forming process with adjustable tumbling kinematic is introduced. Due to the process combination of tumbling and self-piercing riveting, mutual influences of the two process components are analysed in regard to material flow and process forces. Further, the investigations show the influence of a varying tumbling angle on the joining process itself and how the characteristic properties undercut, rivet head end position and residual sheet thickness of the joint are affected. The material used for the joining partners is an aluminium alloy EN AW-6014 typical for multi-material systems in the automotive industry and the rivets are from type Rivset C produced by the Böllhoff company.