bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
LA DES-DIFERENCIACIÓN COMO CONSECUENCIA DE LA DIFERENCIACIÓN POR FUNCIONES DE LA SOCIEDAD EN LA TEORÍA DE LUHMANN
Authors: Torres Nafarrate Javier Leonardo
Published: April 2019

Se sabe que la teoría de la sociedad moderna de Luhmann es teoría del orden social diferenciado por funciones. Decir modernidad es decir órdenes sociales de comunicación plenamente separados: que el sistema de la política se atrae cada vez más por la política; que el derecho, cada vez más por el derecho; que el arte, por el arte; que la ciencia, por la ciencia. Sin embargo, este orden social es muy improbable, dado que requiere de una cantidad enorme de presupuestos, los cuales están siempre amenazados. Por esta improbabilidad de base, este orden social diferenciado siempre va seguido (en algunas regiones) de procesos de des-diferenciación. Las “periferias de la modernidad” se caracterizan fundamentalmente por mantener ámbitos esenciales de comunicación no-diferenciados.
Psychoeducational intervention improves Chinese mothers' parenting and symptoms of their autistic children
Authors: Zu Yan-Fei , Xu Guangxing , Du Ya-Song , Xi Juzhe , Chen Ya-Ting , Li Yong-Hui
Published: April 2019

In China, mothers of children with autism spectrum disorder struggle with parenting, often becoming depressed. This can harm the well-being and sociocognitive development of their children. We determined whether a psychoeducational group intervention increases the frequency of mothers'
positive speech patterns and alleviates their depression, and, in turn, whether these changes improve the behavior of their children. Mothers (8 from Shanghai, 8 from Taiwan) participated in a 12-week intervention of a weekly counseling session. At the end, analysis of transcripts of the mothers'
speech showed that the frequency of positive emotional words increased and negative emotional words decreased, and their scores on the Beck Depression Inventory and Beck Anxiety Inventory decreased significantly. Children also showed a significant reduction in scores on the Childhood Autism
Rating Scale. These results demonstrate that counseling via a semistructured group intervention can improve mothers' parenting and coping skills, and help to alleviate their children's autism symptoms.
Cloud web-technology for contest procedures organization for quality of educational resources estimation
Authors: Kirgizova Elena Viktorovna , Narchuganov Kirill Nikolaevich , Pak Nikolay Insebovich , Khegai Lyudmila Borisovna
Published: April 2019

Problem and goal. The article represents the description, model and result of the development of application software available on the Internet to automate the organization of competitive procedures. The relevance of the creation of automated systems for assessing the quality of educational resources is due to the need to ensure the availability and efficiency of evaluation and competitive procedures in educational institutions. Methodology. The study is aimed at the design and development of a cloud portal-designer, which allows to automate competitive activities in educational institutions. In contrast to the existing similar developments, the created system represents the applied software for creation and carrying out competitive actions in educational institutions. Results. The work is of practical value for educational institutions of all levels and individual communities in need of automated systems of competitive evaluation of educational resources. Conclusion. For the first time, a projective cloud environment for automating the assessment of the quality of educational resources that have an object form (digital educational resource, teacher activity, information system, information environment, lesson, etc.) is proposed, and for which it is possible to build a criterion model of quality.
Western Europe through the Eyes of Students of Kazakhstan Universities: Countries’ Images and Driving Force for their Formation
Authors: Yessimova Aigul’ Begenovna , Panarin Sergei Alekseevich
Published: April 2019

The image of a country, and especially how the country is viewed from beyond its borders, is becoming an increasingly important resource capable of exerting positive or negative influence in various fields, including international relations. In the USSR, Western Europe was endowed with a dual image of cultural treasury and the territory dominated by classes and forces hostile to the socialist camp. After the collapse of the USSR, Western Europe began to be perceived as a capitalist model to be coped, and it is from those years that the contemporary ideas of the youth in Kazakhstan about its image have being originated. In order to probe them, a pilot sociological survey was conducted in two Kazakhstani universities, one of which is located in the north-east of the country, in the city of Ust’-Kamenogorsk, the second is in the south, in Shymkent. The results obtained allow us to assert with confidence that students do not have a holistic image of Western Europe; their views are dominated by images of individual European countries, and these images differ greatly in the degree of completeness. The most developed images are those of France and Germany, but even they represent no more than a set of widespread stereotypes about the economic, political, cultural characteristics of both countries. It is also striking that the images of Western European countries, which emerge from the students’ answers, are generally deprived of any meaningful and easily recognizable embodiment, i.e. they are very rarely identified with historically, politically and culturally significant personalities. According to the authors, this feature indicates that students view Western Europe most and foremost as a place where their various consumer needs can be satisfied.
A New Cold War? Causes and Future of the Emerging US-China Rivalry
Authors: Suisheng Zhao , Guo Dan
Published: April 2019

The Trump Administration declared China a strategic competitor and a revisionist power. It escalated a trade war to a fullfrontal clash with China. Some experts qualified it as a new Cold War between the US and China. Both countries are undergoing dramatic transformation. Their destinations will determine the course and outcome of the emerging US-China rivalry. This article argues that while engagement is now defined by competitive interests, the profound interdependence continues underpinning the bilateral relationship. Although there is no precedent to guide economic and geostrategic competition between the two largest and deeply intertwined economies and heavily militarized superpowers, the US and China must find some balance of interests with each other and avoid violent confrontation that serves neither’s interest. This level of engagement requires vision and flexibility. With strong economic interdependence, the existence of an international institutional order, limited ideological confrontation, and nuclear second-strike capability, leaders of two countries have no choice but find ways to manage their competition and continue futher engagement with each other. Authors conclude that the stronger China grows, the harder it gets for Washington to force it back down. Driving PRC into a corner is the way to make China even tougher. So it could cause more severe consequences for both countries.
EVALUASI KINERJA PRAKTIKUM TITRASI ASAM BASA DENGAN TEKNIK SELF ASSESMENT MAHASISWA FKIP UNIMAL
Authors: Zakiyah Hayatuz
Published: April 2019

The aim of this study was to determine the ability performance of FKIP Unimal chemical education students by the using of practicum performance appraisal with self assessment techniques as well as knowing the response of students related to practical performance assessment with self assessment techniques. Self assessment is an assessment of self competence. This study was motivated by the fact that the assessment carried out in practicum activities was still centered on the lecturer and only limited to knowledge that had not been assessed by performance and did not involve students as subjects but only objects of assessment. Type of this study is descriptive qualitative. This study was conducted to describe the findings of the use of performance assessment with self assessment techniques in chemical practicum. The study was carried out at the FKIP Unimal chemical education department for students who took 23 basic chemistry labs. The result was obtained from the instrument of performance appraisal sheets and questionnaire sheets for student responses. Data analysis on the ability of practicum performance and student response of self assessment was analyzed by using percentage techniques. Based on the results of the study showed that the ability of student practicum performance by the assessment of self assessment techniques consisted of very high was about 13.04%; high was about 47.83%; and sufficient was about 39.13%. The student responses to the using of performance appraisal with self assessment techniques showed the results that most students agreed and felt happy with the self-assessment. The conclusion of this study was the students were able to assess performance with self assessment techniques and provide a positive response related to the performance assessment with self assessment techniques.
IMPLEMENTASI METODE TUTOR SEBAYA DAPAT MENINGKATKAN AKTIVITAS DAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA PADA PELAJARAN KIMIA MATERI TERMOKMIA DIKELAS XI IPA 1 SMA NEGERI 1 INDRAPURI SEMESTER GANJIL TAHUN PELAJARAN 2018/2019
Authors: Suryati Suryati
Published: April 2019

The aim of this study was to improve the learning outcomes and the student activity in the learning process of Chemistry in SMAN 1 Indrapuri of XI IPA 1 class. The solution to improve the student achievement was by the application of peer tutoring methods. This research was conducted in two cycles of 23 students. The technique of collecting data was conducted by the observation of teachers and collaborators. The KKM value of Chemistry lessons in this school is 65. Based on the results of the Cycle I was obtained around 65.21% passed the KKM with an average value of 61.3. The results of the cycle II showed the learning completeness as much as 100% with an average value of 72.4. This showed that the method of peer tutoring is successful in improving student learning outcomes. The student activity also increases with the presence of peer tutors. This showed that the use of peer tutors can improve student activity and student learning outcomes.
UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN DAUN BENALU KOPI (Loranthus Ferrugineus Roxb.) DENGAN METODE DPPH (1,1 – Difenil -2- Pikrilhidrazil)
Authors: Yulian Muammar , Safrijal Safrijal
Published: April 2019

The study about antioxidant activity test of coffee parasite leaves (Loranthus ferrugineus Roxb.) by 1,1-diphenyl-2-pikrilhidrazyl (DPPH) method has been done. The aim of this study was to determine the content and activity of secondary metabolites, flavonoids and antioxidant, which found in the coffee parasite leaves. Dry powder of parasite coffee leaves (Loranthus ferrugineus Roxb.) as much as 0.5 kg were macerated by 2 L of ethanol solvent at room temperature for 4 x 24 hours, then mixed and filtered. Ethanol filtrate was evaporated at 30-40°C by using a rotary evaporator to obtain the crude extract of coffee parasite leaves. The results of the phytochemical screening showed positively that the extract was containing alkaloid, flavonoids, saponins, tannins and steroid compounds.The results of the antioxidant activity test by using DPPH method was obtained that the amount of antioxidant activity of the samples of ethanol extract had a very strong antioxidant activity against radical DPPH 0.05 mM, with IC50 values was obtained 6.063 ppm. Whereas, for comparison of ascorbic acid was about 3.127 ppm.
Hubungan Kelimpahan Zooplankton Terhadap Hasil Tangkapan Alat Tangkap Togok Di Kelurahan Kampung Nelayan Tanjung Jabung Barat Provinsi Jambi
Authors: Prabowo Tri , Asra Revis , Amelia Jasmine Masyitha
Published: April 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan parameter lingkungan perairan berdasarkan faktor fisik-kimia, keanekaragaman zooplankton, dan hubungan kelimpahan zooplankton pada hasil tangkapan togok. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan 3 kali dengan interval 1 minggu. Berdasarkan nilai DO perhatikan bahwa stasiun 1 dikategorikan sebagai polusi sedang, sedangkan stasiun 2 dan 3 masih dalam kategori polusi rendah. Selama penelitian ada 8 jenis zooplankton yang terdiri dari Brachionusdimidiatus, Brachionus quadratus, Calanus gracilis, Calanus minor, Euterpina acutifron, Oikopleura laboradoriensis, Oithona attenuate, dan Nauplius. Nilai indeks rata-rata zooplankton sebesar 1,12-1,44 menunjukkan bahwa keragaman sedang dengan distribusi individu sedang dan tingkat polusi yang terkontaminasi adalah sedang. Nilai indeks dominansi zooplankton menunjukkan bahwa tidak ada tipe dominan dengan nilai 0,29-0,34. Hasil korelasi Pearson menunjukkan tidak ada hubungan antara kelimpahan zooplankton dari tangkapan togok, dengan nilai 0,882.
Football, corporate ownership, and conflicts of interest: Dark spaces and black boxes
Authors: Faraudello Alessandra , Gelmini Lorenzo
Published: April 2019

In recent years, the literature on football and accounting has focused on some opaque spaces in the ownership of football clubs, as well as in the definition of collaboration and commercial partnership mechanisms that, even in the case of larger clubs, are at times misrepresented in financial reports (Chadwick et al., 2018; Sudgen et al., 2017; Holzen et al., 2019).
Our paper describes the case of Italy and its main relevance lies in that spectrum of analysis; in effect, the strictly familial nature of Italian capitalism clearly emerges in the case of football, as well.
The clubs are controlled by influential entrepreneurial families (often operating in the entertainment industry) who through football consolidate their image.
Put in these terms, the risks of conflicts of interest and opacity in commercial formulas, already highlighted by the best and recent literature, are reflected in a system of economic and meta/non-economic returns in which the object “football” becomes an instrument of social recognition and financial growth via indirect mechanisms.
Desde fuera. Una filosofía para Europa
Authors: Vendramín Bruno
Published: April 2019

Desde fuera. Una filosofía para Europa, publicado originalmente en Italia en el año
2016 y traducido en abril de 2018 al castellano,tiene por objetivo pensar a Europa en
el marco de la grave crisis que la asola. los flujos migratorios y el terrorismo islámico
(acontecimientos provenientes del exterior), sumado a la recesión económica y la separación
interna de algunos países (el proceso de Brexit es el caso paradigmático),
han producido que grupos humanos se encuentren bajo la miseria, el hambre y las
guerras: o se mantienen con vida o mueren.Considerando estos hechos, según Esposito,
estamos ante una crisis de carácter biopolítico, por el inescindible vínculo que
existe entre política, vida y muerte. Ante el carácter y magnitud de tal crisis, las explicaciones
de la economía, la sociología o la politología no alcanzan. Pareciera que la
reflexión filosófica puede abrir pasajes inéditos y creadores —en particular, él piensa
en la biopolítica— que ayuden a identificar la tarea europea en el mundo global: “El
destino de nuestro continente, de manera similar al del resto del mundo, se juega en
el margen incierto que, en la implicación directa entre la política y la vida biológica,
separa una biopolítica afirmativa de una crisis tanatopolítica de dimensiones desconocidas.”
Epiphenomenalism, causation and explanation
Authors: Prelevic Dusko
Published: April 2019

Epiphenomenalism is a view that mental events are caused by physical events
yet they themselves do not play any causal role in the physical world. This
view is worth considering for those philosophers who do not accept
physicalism for some reason or another. However, a common objection to this
view, which can be found in Richard Taylor?s work, is that it leads to an
unacceptable consequence that existing mental events are not important in
explaining or understanding our behaviour, given that it predicts that
nothing would change even if corresponding mental events had not occurred.
In this paper, a response to this objection is provided. It is argued that
the objection above at best relies upon the assumption that all explanations
have to be causal, which is rather implausible in the context of present
debates in the philosophy of science that make room for noncausal
explanations. Furthermore, by using an interpretation of the Aristotelian
view of the nature of geometrical objects as analogy, a model of how
noncausal (and nonphysical) phenomenal consciousness could be explanatorily
powerful is provided, which renders epiphenomenalism intelligible.
Long-Acting Neurotensin Synergizes With Liraglutide to Reverse Obesity Through a Melanocortin-Dependent Pathway
Authors: Ratner Cecilia , He Zhenyan , Grunddal Kaare V. , Skov Louise J. , Hartmann Bolette , Zhang Fa , Feuchtinger Annette , Bjerregaard Anette , Christoffersen Christina , Tschöp Matthias H. , Finan Brian , DiMarchi Richard D. , Leinninger Gina M. , Williams Kevin W. , Clemmensen Christoffer , Holst Birgitte
Published: April 2019

Neurotensin (NT), a gut hormone and neuropeptide, increases in circulation after bariatric surgery in rodents and humans and inhibits food intake in mice. However, its potential to treat obesity and the subsequent metabolic dysfunctions have been difficult to assess owing to its short half-life in vivo. Here, we demonstrate that a long-acting, pegylated analog of the NT peptide (P-NT) reduces food intake, body weight, and adiposity in diet-induced obese mice when administered once daily for 6 days. Strikingly, when P-NT was combined with the glucagon-like peptide 1 mimetic liraglutide, the two peptides synergized to reduce food intake and body weight relative to each monotherapy, without inducing a taste aversion. Further, P-NT and liraglutide coadministration improved glycemia and reduced steatohepatitis. Finally, we show that the melanocortin pathway is central for P-NT–induced anorexia and necessary for the full synergistic effect of P-NT and liraglutide combination therapy. Overall, our data suggest that P-NT and liraglutide combination therapy could be an enhanced treatment for obesity with improved tolerability compared with liraglutide monotherapy.
Hepatocyte-Specific Ablation or Whole-Body Inhibition of Xanthine Oxidoreductase in Mice Corrects Obesity-Induced Systemic Hyperuricemia Without Improving Metabolic Abnormalities
Authors: Harmon Daniel B. , Mandler W. Kyle , Sipula Ian J. , Dedousis Nikolaos , Lewis Sara E. , Eckels Jeremy T. , Du Jianhai , Wang Yekai , Huckestein Brydie R. , Pagano Patrick J. , Cifuentes-Pagano Eugenia , Homanics Gregg E. , Van’t Erve Thomas J. , Stefanovic-Racic Maja , Jurczak Michael J. , O’Doherty Robert M. , Kelley Eric E.
Published: April 2019

Systemic hyperuricemia (HyUA) in obesity/type 2 diabetes facilitated by elevated activity of xanthine oxidoreductase (XOR), which is the sole source of uric acid (UA) in mammals, has been proposed to contribute to the pathogenesis of insulin resistance/dyslipidemia in obesity. Here, the effects of hepatocyte-specific ablation of Xdh, the gene encoding XOR (HXO), and whole-body pharmacologic inhibition of XOR (febuxostat) on obesity-induced insulin resistance/dyslipidemia were assessed. Deletion of hepatocyte Xdh substantially lowered liver and plasma UA concentration. When exposed to an obesogenic diet, HXO and control floxed (FLX) mice became equally obese, but systemic HyUA was absent in HXO mice. Despite this, obese HXO mice became as insulin resistant and dyslipidemic as obese FLX mice. Similarly, febuxostat dramatically lowered plasma and tissue UA and XOR activity in obese wild-type mice without altering obesity-associated insulin resistance/dyslipidemia. These data demonstrate that hepatocyte XOR activity is a critical determinant of systemic UA homeostasis, that deletion of hepatocyte Xdh is sufficient to prevent systemic HyUA of obesity, and that neither prevention nor correction of HyUA improves insulin resistance/dyslipidemia in obesity. Thus, systemic HyUA, although clearly a biomarker of the metabolic abnormalities of obesity, does not appear to be causative.
Sympathetic Denervation of the Common Hepatic Artery Lessens Glucose Intolerance in the Fat- and Fructose-Fed Dog
Authors: Kraft Guillaume , Vrba Anthony , Scott Melanie , Allen Eric , Edgerton Dale S. , Williams Phil E. , Vafai Scott B. , Azamian Bobak R. , Cherrington Alan D.
Published: April 2019

This study assessed the effectiveness of surgical sympathetic denervation of the common hepatic artery (CHADN) in improving glucose tolerance. CHADN eliminated norepinephrine content in the liver and partially decreased it in the pancreas and the upper gut. We assessed oral glucose tolerance at baseline and after 4 weeks of high-fat high-fructose (HFHF) feeding. Dogs were then randomized to sham surgery (SHAM) (n = 9) or CHADN surgery (n = 11) and retested 2.5 or 3.5 weeks later while still on the HFHF diet. CHADN improved glucose tolerance by ∼60% in part because of enhanced insulin secretion, as indicated by an increase in the insulinogenic index. In a subset of dogs (SHAM, n = 5; CHADN, n = 6), a hyperinsulinemic-hyperglycemic clamp was used to assess whether CHADN could improve hepatic glucose metabolism independent of a change in insulin release. CHADN reduced the diet-induced defect in net hepatic glucose balance by 37%. In another subset of dogs (SHAM, n = 4; CHADN, n = 5) the HFHF diet was continued for 3 months postsurgery and the improvement in glucose tolerance caused by CHADN continued. In conclusion, CHADN has the potential to enhance postprandial glucose clearance in states of diet-induced glucose intolerance.
Yours, Mine, and Ours: A Qualitative Analysis of the Impact of Type 1 Diabetes Management in Older Adult Married Couples
Authors: Litchman Michelle L. , Wawrzynski Sarah E. , Allen Nancy A. , Tracy Eunjin L. , Kelly Caitlin S. , Helgeson Vicki S. , Berg Cynthia A.
Published: April 2019

Objective.

The purpose of this study was to understand perceptions of diabetes management responsibilities and the impact of diabetes on day-to-day activities in older adulthood for individuals with type 1 diabetes and their spouses.

Design and methods.

This qualitative content analysis used a constant-compare approach to analyze individual interviews conducted with older adults and their spouses. People with type 1 diabetes (PWD) and their spouses were interviewed regarding how they coped or dealt with diabetes, what activities they carried out or avoided because of diabetes, and how they appraised diabetes as an individual or shared problem.

Results.

Participants (n = 52) included 26 older adults with diabetes (mean age 69 years, SD 2.56 years; 38.5% female) and their spouses (mean age 68 years, SD 5.11 years; 61.5% female). Half of the PWD (50%) and the majority of spouses (76.9%) appraised diabetes as a shared issue. Five themes emerged from the interview data: 1) Perceptions pf PWD of spouse involvement in diabetes care, 2) PWD underestimated the impact of diabetes on their spouse’s daily lives, 3) gendered nature of spouses supporting diabetes management, 4) evolution of diabetes and the relationship across developmental time, and 5) differences in diabetes management among couples.

Conclusion.

Older adults with type 1 diabetes and their spouses have different perspectives regarding diabetes support and responsibility and may not always realize what support is being provided or needed to optimize effective diabetes management. Advancing age with or without diabetes complications may necessitate that spouses provide diabetes support. Diabetes management training for spouses would likely be helpful.
Health Data Linkage for Public Interest Research in the UK: Key Obstacles and Solutions
Authors: Mourby Miranda Jane , Doidge James , Jones Kerina H , Gilbert Ruth , Aidinlis Stergios , Smith Hannah , Bell Jessica , Dutey-Magni Peter , Kaye Jane
Published: April 2019

IntroductionAnalysis of linked health data can generate important, even life-saving, insights into population health. Yet obstacles both legal and organisational in nature can impede this work.

ApproachWe focus on three UK infrastructures set up to link and share data for research: the Administrative Data Research Network, NHS Digital, and the Secure Anonymised Information Linkage Databank. Bringing an interdisciplinary perspective, we identify key issues underpinning their challenges and successes in linking health data for research.

ResultsWe identify examples of uncertainty surrounding legal powers to share and link data, and around data protection obligations, as well as systemic delays and historic public backlash. These issues require updated official guidance on the relevant law, approaches to linkage which are planned for impact and ongoing utility, greater transparency between data providers and researchers, and engagement with the patient population which is both high-profile and carefully considered.

ConclusionsHealth data linkage for research presents varied challenges, to which there can be no single solution. Our recommendations would require action from a number of data providers and regulators to be meaningfully advanced. This illustrates the scale and complexity of the challenge of health data linkage, in the UK and beyond: a challenge which our case studies suggest no single organisation can combat alone. Planned programmes of linkage are critical because they allow time for organisations to address these challenges without adversely affecting the feasibility of individual research projects.
Using Canadian administrative health data to measure the health of caregivers of children with and without health problems: A demonstration of feasibility.
Authors: Brehaut Jamie C , Guèvremont Anne , Arim Rubab G , Garner Rochelle E , Miller Anton R , McGrail Kimberlyn M , Brownell Marni , Lach Lucyna M. , Rosenbaum Peter L. , Kohen Dafna E
Published: April 2019

IntroductionCaregivers of children with health problems experience poorer health than the caregivers of healthy children. To date, population-based studies on this issue have primarily used survey data.

ObjectivesWe demonstrate that administrative health data may be used to study these issues, and explore how non-categorical indicators of child health in administrative data can enable population-level study of caregiver health.

MethodsDyads from Population Data British Columbia (BC) databases, encompassing nearly all mothers in BC with children aged 6-10 years in 2006, were grouped using a non-categorical definition based on diagnoses and service use. Regression models examined whether four maternal health outcomes varied according to indicators of child health.

Results162,847 mother-child dyads were grouped according to the following indicators: Child High Service Use (18%) vs. Not (82%), Diagnosis of Major and/or Chronic Condition (12%) vs. Not (88%), and Both High Service Use and Diagnosis (5%) vs. Neither (75%). For all maternal health and service use outcomes (number of physician visits, chronic condition, mood or anxiety disorder, hospitalization), differences were demonstrated by child health indicators.

ConclusionsMothers of children with health problems had poorer health themselves, as indicated by administrative data groupings. This work not only demonstrates the research potential of using routinely collected health administrative data to study caregiver and child health, but also the importance of addressing maternal health when treating children with health problems.

KeywordsPopulation data, linked data, case-mix, children with special health care needs
La importancia de las finanzas en el Nuevo Aeropuerto Internacional de la Ciudad de México / The importance of the finances on the New Mexico City’s International Airport
Authors: Velázquez Martínez María de los Ángeles , Rivero Hernández Melesio , Moreno Sánchez Enrique
Published: April 2019

El Nuevo Aeropuerto Internacional de la Ciudad de México (NAICM) empezó su construcción en el mes de septiembre de 2015 con una participación aproximada de 750 inversionistas nacionales e internacionales y con un presupuesto inicial de 169 000 millones de pesos, razón por la cual en la presente investigación se ha procurado conocer la manera en que se han usado las finanzas en la construcción del NAICM, así como el reporte de los estados financieros desde el inicio de la obra hasta el segundo trimestre de 2018, y su impacto en las finanzas públicas del país. Para tal fin, se ha diseñado una investigación de tipo descriptivo-documental, en la cual se utilizó el método deductivo para tratar los datos disponibles en distintas páginas web y en documentos especializados; además, se cotejaron y analizaron cifras cuantitativas disponibles para examinar las finanzas del NAIM, ahora ubicado en el municipio de Texcoco, Estado de México, entidad financiera con legislación estatal distinta a la de la Ciudad de México. Mediante la discusión y el análisis de resultados de los informes obtenidos de diversas fuentes, se puede indicar que de los presupuestos ejercidos entre los años 2015 y 2018, los recursos adicionales invertidos de fuentes externas representan más de 50 % del total del egreso realizado, siendo la principal fuente de financiamiento la emisión de bonos verdes y la fibra E (Fideicomiso de Inversión en Energía e Infraestructura), lo que no afecta el presupuesto de egresos de la Federación. Por otra parte, en lo concerniente a la obra, hasta el segundo trimestre de 2018 los importes por cubrir comprometidos representan aproximadamente 74.99 %, lo que refleja un avance de 25.01 %. Por último, como futuras líneas de investigación se plantean dos rutas: la primera, relacionada con la asignación de recursos en los contratos de grandes proyectos, y la segunda —que resulta complementaria— se refiere al estudio puntual de su gestión financiera. De esta manera, se puede intentar cumplir con los principios de transparencia y acceso a la información pública, lo cual serviría para combatir la corrupción, pues brindaría a la sociedad expectativas claras y razonables del manejo de los recursos públicos invertidos en la administración de obras.
Comparação entre avaliações de linguagem na infância e sua relação com risco psíquico
Authors: Nazario Camila Gomes , Rechia Inae Costa , Fattore Isabela De Moraes , Nunes Sabrina Felin , Souza Ana Paula Ramos de
Published: April 2019

Objetivo: Comparar os resultados das avaliações de linguagem obtidas por protocolos centrados nas habilidades das crianças com os resultados de uma análise enunciativa em casos de atraso de linguagem, relacionando-os ao psiquismo. Método: Estudo de caso longitudinal, qualitativo, com três crianças de 24 meses. Elas foram avaliadas em suas habilidades linguísticas por meio dos protocolos DENVER II e BAYLEY III. A avaliação enunciativa foi realizada por meio da análise dos vídeos das interações entre as mães e os bebês a partir dos quais foram identificados os mecanismos e estratégias enunciativas. O risco psíquico foi avaliado por meio dos Indicadores Clínicos de Referência ao Desenvolvimento Infantil (IRDI) e Sinais PREAUT e comparado aos resultados do MCHAT. Resultados: As avaliações de linguagem demonstraram que o teste Bayley III é mais sensível ao atraso no domínio gramatical do que o Denver II. As análises enunciativas demonstraram a limitação nos mecanismos enunciativos no caso de risco psíquico mais grave, mas também as potencialidades linguísticas das crianças. Conclusão: A comparação permitiu identificar a diferença entre testes padronizados e a avaliação enunciativa, pois a limitação em mecanismos enunciativos e em alguns itens relacionados ao endereçamento da fala ao outro no teste Bayley III permitiu identificar as limitações de linguagem relacionadas com as alterações na intersubjetividade.
Relações interpessoais de adolescentes com baixa visão
Authors: Alencar Isabela Barros Gonçalves , Gasparetto Maria Elisabete Rodrigues Freire
Published: April 2019

A deficiência visual pode acarretar restrições na vida do adolescente em relação aos aspectos educacionais, pessoais, sociais e laborativos. O impacto da deficiência visual varia muito e depende do grau da perda, da atitude dos pais, da dinâmica familiar e da comunidade escolar. A vivência grupal proporciona aprendizagens diversas, tanto no sentido da vivência pessoal, como na interpessoal. Assim, o presente estudo teve como objetivo averiguar a percepção de adolescentes com baixa visão a respeito das relações interpessoais no ambiente familiar e escolar. Participaram da pesquisa, 04 adolescentes com baixa visão, sendo eles 02 do sexo feminino e 02 do sexo masculino, que se situam na faixa etária entre 12 e 18 anos. Como instrumento para coleta de dados, foi utilizado a entrevista semiestruturada aplicada individualmente a cada escolar. Os depoimentos falaram das relações interpessoais na escola e na família e das dificuldades dos adolescentes em vivenciar tais relações, de se sentirem parte de um grupo.
Os sentidos do fracasso escolar no discurso de professores
Authors: Piccirilli Manoela De Souza Silva , Freire Regina Maria Ayres de Camargo
Published: April 2019

Introdução: O fracasso escolar tem sido repetidamente abordado em pesquisas de diversas naturezas que buscam diferentes razões para sua ocorrência. Objetivo: Este artigo não pretende elaborar mais uma suposição do que venha a ser o fracasso escolar, mas analisar os sentidos deste no discurso de professores de educação básica. Método: Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo realizado sob a ótica da teoria-metodológica da Análise de Discurso de linha francesa a partir de Michel Pêcheux. A coleta de dados se deu em um espaço de discussão entre professores de educação básica e pesquisadores. Os dados discursivos foram gravados e, posteriormente, transcritos de forma ortográfica regular. Fragmentos do corpus foram extraídos para análise. Resultados: Identificou-se no discurso dos professores uma busca pela homogeneidade em detrimento das particularidades do aluno; encontrou-se um processo de produção de sentidos pautados em ideais escolares dominados por uma política educacional capitalista que, ao colocar os alunos como iguais e não refletir sobre suas singularidades, contribui para o fracasso escolar. Conclusão: Pode-se considerar, portanto, que os sentidos de fracasso escolar no discurso desses professores surgem como efeito de uma lógica educacional regulada por um discurso capitalista que, na tentativa de controlar o saber da criança, deixa escapar o que é interpretado como fracasso escolar.Palavras-chave: Aprendizagem. Educação. Linguagem.
Implementação de um Programa de Educação Ambiental para prevenção e controle da poluição sonora em uma escola de ensino fundamental da cidade de São Paulo
Authors: Martins Fernanda Cristina Reis Merli , Momensohn Santos Teresa Maria , Palladino Ruth Ramalho Ruivo
Published: April 2019

Introdução: O ruído tem feito parte do cotidiano dos grandes centros urbanos e pode causar efeitos negativos sobre a população em geral. Estudos têm evidenciado esses efeitos que começam a ser muito significativos, em especial na vida das crianças em fase escolar. Esses efeitos têm modificado não só a audição dessas crianças, mas a aprendizagem em geral. Objetivo: Implementar um programa de educação ambiental, visando o controle da poluição sonora em um ambiente escolar Método: Trata-se de um estudo exploratório e descritivo realizado por meio de uma pesquisa de intervenção. Casuística: 11 classes de 25 alunos cada, da 4a série do EF. Procedimentos: aplicação com as crianças, de 5 atividades interativas educativas. Resultados: As atividades educativas desenvolvidas permitiram que as crianças percebessem o excesso de ruídos que circulam no ambiente, a necessidade de controlá-los e os meios para fazê-lo. Tais ações educativas apontaram a importância de se proteger deste tipo de poluição, obtendo, por consequência, saúde auditiva. Discussão: Há grande necessidade de implementação deste assunto no ambiente escolar, pois vários estudos reconhecem o problema, mas ainda existem poucas propostas de solução. Seria mais efetiva uma inclusão destes métodos no currículo escolar, e uma orientação para profissionais que atuam nesses ambientes. Conclusão: O Programa Educativo aplicado, visando o esclarecimento acerca das consequências danosas da poluição sonora, bem como a elaboração de soluções possíveis e eficazes, foi efetivo. Sugere-se a criação de outros programas e a sua implementação no cotidiano escolar, ligado a uma política de eficácia na aprendizagem e uma maior concientização popular do problema exposto.
Estudo da correlação entre índice de inteligibilidade de fala Speech Intelligibility Index (SII) e índice percentual de reconhecimento de fala
Authors: Nigri Loretta Fabianne , Iório Maria Cecília Martinelli
Published: April 2019

Introdução: A audição é um dos sentidos mais nobres, uma vez que sua principal função está ligada à aquisição e ao desenvolvimento da linguagem oral, essencial para a comunicação nas relações interpessoais e para o contato com o meio ambiente. O impacto de uma privação sensorial auditiva interfere na habilidade de interpretar sons de fala. Objetivo: Verificar se há correlação entre os valores do Speech Intelligibility Index (SII) e do Índice Percentual de Reconhecimento de fala (IPRF). Método: Foram avaliados os dados obtidos nos prontuários de 55 idosos de ambos os sexos com perda auditiva neurossensorial adquirida bilateral de grau moderado a severo, usuários de próteses auditivas acompanhados no serviço de saúde auditiva do Hospital São Paulo. Foram analisados os valores de SII obtidos na verificação dos AASI por meio do equipamento Verifit®Audioscan e os valores de IPRF para estímulos monossilábicos. Após a coleta dos dados os resultados foram submetidos à análise estatística. Resultados: As perdas auditivas foram classificadas quanto ao grau. Os idosos foram caracterizados segundo a idade e gênero e os valores de SII e IPRF foram analisados por orelha (direita e esquerda). O IPRF médio foi de 72,56% na OD e de 73,85% na OE e o SII de 58,44% na OD e 59,73% na OE. Foram determinadas equações para classificação da perda auditiva conforme grupos e equações para determinação de valores de SII e IPRF, conforme cada orelha. Conclusão: Houve correlação fraca entre os valores de SII e o IPRF obtido com estímulos monossilábicos nos idosos com perda auditiva de grau moderado a severo.
Comparação de habilidades cognitivas de crianças a termo e pré-termo
Authors: Tenório Laís Galvão Moura , Pedruzzi Cristiane Monteiro , Santos Alexsandra Silva , Santos Antonio Roque de Lima dos
Published: April 2019

Introdução: A cognição é um conjunto de habilidades mentais essenciais para se adquirir conhecimento. É durante os três primeiros anos de vida que ocorrem os grandes avanços no desenvolvimento cognitivo. Este desenvolvimento está diretamente ligado aos aspectos nutricionais, socioeconômicos, nível educacional da família e à dinâmica familiar. Crianças pré-termo têm risco para alteração no processo do desenvolvimento cognitivo. Objetivo: Verificar o desempenho cognitivo em 20 crianças pré-termo. Método: É um estudo observacional e transversal. A amostra foi composta por 20 crianças nascidas a termo e 20 nascidas pré-termo. Os responsáveis pelas crianças responderam a um questionário contendo informações referentes à história clínica do participante e dados socieconômicos. Foi aplicada a subparte da escala Bayley III referente às habilidades cognitivas. A análise dos dados foi realizada pelo teste estatístico de Mann-Whitney, apresentados em dados quantitativos de médias, desvio padrão e alfa (p-valor). Resultados: Ao analisar as pontuações das habilidades cognitivas dos grupos observou-se que 16 crianças (80%) encontravam-se com pontuações abaixo da média, 1 (5%) na média e 3 (15%) acima da média esperada para a idade. O grupo pré-termo obteve 13 crianças (65%) com pontuações abaixo da média, 1 (5%) na média e 6 (30%) acima da média, notando-se que o grupo pré-termo apresentou melhores resultados. Não houve diferença significativa entre as médias dos dois grupos do presente estudo em relação a nenhuma das variáveis. Conclusão: Não houve diferença estatística no desempenho cognitivo entre os grupos nesta faixa etária. Deve-se considerar que os desempenhos dos participantes poderão mudar em outra faixa etária.
Caracterização do frênulo e dos aspectos da língua de indivíduos com esclerose sistêmica
Authors: Silva Valéria Ferreira da , Almeida Leylane Fonseca , César Carla Patrícia Hernandez Alves Ribeiro , Baldrighi Sílvia Elaine Zuim de Moraes
Published: April 2019

A Esclerose Sistêmica é uma doença autoimune sistêmica, progressiva, de etiologia desconhecida e relativamente rara. Caracteriza-se pela excessiva deposição de colágeno no tecido conjuntivo, pelo espessamento da pele, comprometimento de órgãos nobres internos e do sistema estomatognático. Objetivo: Caracterizar o frênulo e os aspectos da língua de indivíduos com esclerose sistêmica. Método: Trata-se de um estudo exploratório clínico, observacional, do tipo relato de casos. Foi realizada avaliação clínica do frênulo e dos aspectos da língua com um grupo de estudo composto por onze sujeitos, de ambos os sexos, oriundos do serviço de Reumatologia do Hospital Universitário em parceria com o grupo de estudo em motricidade orofacial, ambos da Universidade Federal de Sergipe, e de um grupo controle pareado em número, idade e sexo, sem doenças reumáticas, selecionados por conveniência. O período de coleta dos dados foi de três meses (de setembro a dezembro de 2017). Resultados: A amostra do grupo de estudo revelou alterações clínicas na espessura, no tamanho e na coloração do frênulo, como também nos aspectos da língua de indivíduos com esclerose sistêmica, tais como hipertonia, alteração do formato da ponta da língua quando em elevação, telangiectasia entre outros de menor ocorrência. Conclusão: As características alteradas do frênulo e da língua dos sujeitos com essa afecção evidenciam o comprometimento do sistema estomatognático e a importância da atuação fonoaudiológica na Reumatologia.
Risk-based approach in “personnel-machinery-production environment” system at the facilities running tower cranes
Authors: Yegelskaya E. V. , Korotkiy A. A. , Panfilova E. A. , Kinzhibalov A. A.
Published: April 2019

Introduction. The paper discusses the applicability of a riskbased approach in the “personnel-machinery-production environment” system at the facilities running tower cranes through the introduction of IT-technologies that provide open communication of the staff, management team of the operating organizations, and the National Supervisory Authority, to reduce the accident rate.  

Materials and Methods. An example of a hazardous production facility running tower cranes is given. Materials on the analysis of operational status of tower cranes within the framework of the current legislation in the field of industrial safety are used. The necessity for innovations and transformations, one of whose methods is the risk-based approach allowing for the implementation of all required levels of control, is identified.

Research Results. The stages of introduction of the riskoriented approach for tower crane operators implemented through IT-technologies using Web-applications on safety management under the tower crane operation based on the hazard analysis and risk assessment in gamut, algorithmically associated with the electronic block key of its local security system, are determined.

Discussion and Conclusions. The application of a risk-based approach in the “personnel-machinery-production environment” system at the facilities running tower cranes through the introduction of IT-technologies will ensure the proper operation of all departments and each participant of the operation, as well as provide Supervisory bodies with an opportunity to access information on the operation for the implementation of control and supervision functions remotely.
Deep convolution neural network model in problem of crack segmentation on asphalt images
Authors: Sobol B. V. , Soloviev A. N. , Vasiliev P. V. , Podkolzina L. A.
Published: April 2019

Introduction.Early defect illumination (cracks, chips, etc.) in the high traffic load sections enables to reduce the risk under emergency conditions. Various photographic and video monitoring techniques are used in the pavement managing system. Manual evaluation and analysis of the data obtained may take unacceptably long time. Thus, it is necessary to improve the conditional assessment schemes of the monitor objects through the autovision.

Materials and Methods.The authors have proposed a model of a deep convolution neural network for identifying defects on the road pavement images. The model is implemented as an optimized version of the most popular, at this time, fully convolution neural networks (FCNN). The teaching selection design and a two-stage network learning process considering the specifics of the problem being solved are shown. Keras and TensorFlow frameworks were used for the software implementation of the proposed architecture.

Research Results.The application of the proposed architecture is effective even under the conditions of a limited amount of the source data. Fine precision is observed. The model can be used in various segmentation tasks. According to the metrics, FCNN shows the following defect identification results: IoU - 0.3488, Dice - 0.7381.

Discussion and Conclusions.The results can be used in the monitoring, modeling and forecasting process of the road pavement wear.
Arithmetic coder optimization for compressing images obtained through remote probing of water bodies
Authors: Arzumanyan R. V.
Published: April 2019

Introduction.The fast program algorithm of arithmetic coding proposed in the paper is for the compression of digital images. It is shown how the complexity of the arithmetic coder algorithm depends on the complexity measures (the input size is not considered). In the course of work, the most computationally complex parts of the arithmetic coder algorithm are determined. Performance optimization of their software implementation is carried out. Codecs with the new algorithm compress photo and video records obtained through the remote probing of water bodies without frame-to-frame difference.

Materials and Methods.In the presented paper, a selection of satellite images of the Azov Sea area was used. At this, the software algorithm of the arithmetic coder was optimized; a theoretical study was conducted; and a computational experiment was performed.

Research Results.The performance of the software implementation of the arithmetic coder is increased by the example of the VP9 video codec. Numerous launches of reference and modified codecs were made to measure the runtime. Comparison of the average time of their execution showed that the modified codec performance is 5.21% higher. The overall performance improvement for arithmetic decoding was 7.33%.

Discussion and Conclusions.Increase in the speed of the latest digital photo and video image compression algorithms allows them to be used on mobile computing platforms, also as part of the onboard electronics of unmanned aerial vehicles. The theoretical results of this work extend tools of the average-case complexity analysis of the algorithm. They can be used in case where the number of algorithm steps depends not only on the input size, but also on non-measurable criteria (for example, on the common RAM access scheme from parallel processors).