bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
POTENSI DESA SUNGAI RUTAS DALAM PENGEMBANGAN WISATA MINAT KHUSUS KERAJINAN ANYAMAN PURUN BERBASIS LAHAN BASAH
Authors: Rohmah Faizatur , Nisa Khairun , Pitri Rina Muhayah Noor
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT. Wetlands such as rivers, beaches, lakes, and swamps are alternative tours that can enjoy their beauty. In addition to wetland areas with beautiful scenery, Sungai Rutas Village has purun handicrafts and Datu Muning's tomb for religious tourism. This study aims to identify superior products of purun handicrafts and analyze the potential of Sungai Rutas Village to development of purun handicrafts. The observation method used 4A observations (attraction, accessibility, amenity, and ancillary service) and in-depth interviews with 30 respondents. Location determination and respondents based on purposive sampling. Based on the results of the study, it found that Sungai Rutas Village has the attraction of the creative economy industry in the form of purun handicraft products. The superior products produced are bags, mats, and hats. Sungai Rutas Village has elements of potential attractions (has a choice of tourist activities), accessibility that is easy to reach (road conditions are very good and wide), amenities are still not fulfilled (homestay is not available) and terms of Ancillary services also less supportive (no tourist information center is available). However, overall, the four elements of 4A are sufficient to support the development of purun handicrafts as a potential for wetland-based special interest tourism in Sungai Rutas Village.Keywords: Wetlands; Purun handicrafts; Special interest tourism; Sungai rutas village ABSTRAK. Lahan basah seperti sungai, pantai, danau dan rawa merupakan alternatif wisata yang dapat dinikmati keindahannya. Selain kawasan lahan basah dengan pemandangan indah Desa Sungai Rutas memiliki kerajinan anyaman purun dan makam Datu Muning sebagai wisata religi. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengidentifikasi produk unggulan kerajinan anyaman purun dan menganalisis potensi Desa Sungai Rutas dalam pengembangan kerajinan anyaman purun. Metode pengamatan menggunakan observasi 4A (attraction, accessibility, amenity dan ancillary service) dan wawancara mendalam dengan 30 responden. Penentuan lokasi dan responden berdasarkan purposive sampling. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ditemukan bahwa Desa Sungai Rutas memiliki daya tarik industri ekonomi kreatif berupa produk kerajinan anyaman purun. Adapun produk unggulan yang dihasilkan berupa anyaman tas, tikar dan topi purun. Desa Sungai Rutas memiliki elemen atraksi yang potensial (memiliki pilihan aktivitas wisata), elemen aksesibilitas yang mudah dicapai (kondisi jalan sangat baik dan lebar), amenitas masih kurang terpenuhi (tidak tersedia homestay) dan dari segi elemen Ancillary juga kurang mendukung (tidak tersedia pusat informasi wisata). Namun secara keseluruhan empat elemen 4A cukup mendukung pengembangan kerajinan anyaman purun sebagai potensi wisata minat khusus berbasis lahan basah di Desa Sungai Rutas.Kata kunci: Lahan Basah; Kerajinan purun; Wisata minat khusus; Desa Sungai Rutas
ANALISIS NEKROMASSA BERDASARKAN INDEKS VEGETASI DI KAWASAN HUTAN DENGAN TUJUAN KHUSUS UNIVERSITAS LAMBUNG MANGKURAT
Authors: Ariansyah Muhammad Indra , Jauhari Ahmad , Syam'ani Syam'ani
Published: November 2024

This study aims to calculate the correlation of the potential of restless necromass with vegetation index and estimate restless necromass with greenness index using Landsat 9 imagery in the KHDTK area. The data used in this study is in the form of primary data and secondary data. The primary data used are remote sensing data in the form of the latest Landsat 9 imagery and field observation data. Field conservation data is the bottom carbon (litter necromass) which includes total weight, wet weight, and dry weight in each sampling plot. While secondary data are obtained based on literature studies. Then perform correlation analysis, regression analysis, and accuracy tests. The results of this study showed that based on 35 samples, research data was taken around 28 samples to be a reference in modeling. The results of a single regression correlation between the vegetation index value and the dry weight of the necromass were obtained a correlation value of 0.60 and an RMSE value of 12.56 obtained from the average dry weight of the necromass of 28 samples whose average number of necromass dry weight was 106.59. This means that this modeling value has a slight error difference, so that this correlation modeling can be used as a reference to measure and map the magnitude of the distribution of restless necromass.Penelitian ini bertujuan menghitung korelasi potensi nekromassa seresah dengan indeks vegetasi dan Mengestimasi nekromassa seresah dengan indeks kehijauan menggunakan citra Landsat 9 pada areal KHDTK. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini berupa data primer dan data sekunder. Data primer yang digunakan yaitu data pengindraan jauh berupa Citra Landsat 9 terbaru dan data hasil observasi lapangan. Data obeservasi lapangan yaitu yaitu karbon bawah (nekromassa seresah) yang meliputi berat total, berat basah, dan berat kering dalam setiap plot sampling. Sedangkan data sekunder diperoleh berdasarkan studi kepustakaan. Kemudian malakukan analisis korelasi, analisis regresi, dan uji akurasi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa Berdasarkan 35 jumlah sampel data penelitian diambil sekitar 28 sampel untuk menjadi acuan dalam pemodelan. Adapun hasil korelasi regresi tunggal antara nilai indeks vegetasi dengan berat kering nekromassa seresah yaitu mendapatkan nilai korelasi sebesar 0,60 dan nilai RMSE sebesar 12,56 yang didapatkan dari  rata rata Berat Kering nekromassa yang berjumlah 28 sampel yang jumlah rata rata Berat Kering Nekromassa sebesar 106,59. Artinya nilai pemodelan ini memiliki selisih kesalahan yang sedikit, sehingga pemodelan korelasi ini dapat dijadikan acuan untuk mengukur dan memetakan besar sebaran nekromassa seresah.
The Lorentzian Problem on 2-Dimensional de Sitter Space
Authors:   Ailamazyan Program Systems Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Petukhov V. S. ,   Ailamazyan Program Systems Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Sachkov Yu. L.
Published: November 2024

This paper considers the Lorentzian optimal control problem on two-dimensional de Sitter space. Normal and abnormal optimal trajectories are studied using the Pontryagin maximum principle. Attainable sets, spheres and distance in the Lorentzian metric are computed. Killing vector fields and isometries are described.
Contribución al estudio de conectivos en un espacio de funciones de distribución
Authors:   , Sánchez Soler Mónica
Published: November 2024

La memoria se dedica al estudio detallado de operaciones en el espacio defunciones de distribución de probabilidad A+, se proponen estas operaciones como conectivos para una lógica con valoraciones probabilísticas y se desarrolla un estudio de la aritmética básica de las relaciones entre dichos conectivos. Se introducen las ternas de De Morgan en A+ axiomatizando y estudiando previamente los conceptos de negación fuerte de A+ y de cofunción triangular. Sedan caracterizaciones de ternas de De -Morgan en A+ y se resuelve la generalización de la ecuación funcional de Frank en este contexto. Se estudian ciertas operaciones de A+ obtenidas a partir de medias cuasi-aritméticas del intervalo unidad y se analiza en qué condiciones conservan las propiedades usuales de dichos conectivos (idempotencia, bisimetría ...). En la última parte de la memoria se introducen y estudian las funciones de agregación en A+, concepto que engloba parte de los conectivos anteriormente estudiados y permite obtener nuevos tipos de operaciones binarias de A+. Por último, se estudia cuándo una media cuasi-aritmética puntual de A+ es una función de agregación, estudio que nos lleva a la resolución de un sistema de ecuaciones funcionales que fue considerado por primera vez por De Rham en 1956 y estudiado por muchos autores en diversos campos.
Adaptive change of the resolution parameter in the approach based on partially averaged Navier-Stokes equations
Authors: Kuchugov Pavel Alexandrovich
Published: November 2024

In this paper, the use of an approach based on partially averaged Navier-Stokes equations is demonstrated using the example of the decay of homogeneous isotropic turbulence. The k-ⲉ model is used as the basic turbulence model. The value of the fk parameter, responsible for separating the scales of the turbulent flow, changes over time both according to a given law and based on the current characteristics of the flow. To take into account the non-commutativity of the averaging operator with spatial and temporal derivatives due to the variable fk a model based on the principle of conservation of total energy is used.
Changes in Vegetation Distribution around the King Sejong Station in Antarctica: A Comprehensive Analysis of Time-Lapse Electrical Resistivity Data, Meteorological Data, and Vegetation Data
Authors: Kim Kwansoo , Lee Eungsang , Ju Hyeontae , Lee Joohan , Kim Won-Ki
Published: November 2024

The impact of buildings around the King Sejong Station (KSS), South Korea’s first scientific station in Antarctica, has locally altered snowfall accumulation and vegetation distribution. Areas with high snowfall accumulation exhibited sparse vegetation, whereas areas with low snowfall showed distinct vegetation. This study conducted a comprehensive analysis using various data sources to understand the causes of changes in vegetation distribution. Meteorological data, including air temperature, soil temperature, soil moisture, and wind, were analyzed to determine the impact of station buildings on snow cover changes. The changes in vegetation distribution were more clearly visible through results of measured Normalized Difference Vegetation Index. Additionally, time-lapse electrical resistivity data were collected throughout 2020 to analyze variations in the subsurface electrical resistivity distribution. Electrical resistivity surveys utilized both dipole–dipole and Wenner arrays to gather data, with subsurface electrical resistivity information obtained through inversion process. The active layer, which is characterized by low electrical resistivity and is conducive to vegetation growth, is distributed in the upper layers and changes over time, only in vegetated area. In contrast, the development of the active layer was not observed in nonvegetated area. In conclusion, the time-lapse electrical resistivity data effectively reveal the temporal changes in the distribution of the active layer in the study area. When the electrical resistivity data were interpreted in conjunction with meteorological data, it provided a good understanding of the causes of changes in the distribution of vegetation around the KSS.
Evaluating work placement supervisors’ ratings of Master’s in research psychology students at an open and distance e-learning institution in South Africa
Authors: Gordon Errolyn L.
Published: November 2024

This paper examines the dataset of work placement supervisors’ feedback from 2014 to 2017 on the skillset of Master in Research Psychology students during their first and second placement periods. A total of 47 placement feedback reports were analysed. The analysis included frequency counts and qualitative content analysis using Microsoft (MS) Excel software. The study reveals that placement supervisors place significant value on soft skills, notably a willingness to learn, and frequently rate students favourably on interpersonal skills. The results highlight the importance of viewing placement supervisors as co-educational partners. By evaluating supervisors' ratings of research psychology students on work placement holds significant value in improving educational programs, enhancing student outcomes, aligning with employer expectations, and contributing to the broader understanding of work-integrated learning in research psychology. For students, it entails identifying areas of strength and areas for improvement in their performance. For the university program, this feedback can inform teaching and learning approaches by providing insights into the specific skills, competencies, and knowledge that students need to develop during their program. It can also help tailor feedback and support by understanding supervisors' feedback, leading to more effective guidance and constructive feedback for students. For the placement organisations, the research can contribute to supervisor training and development, ensuring they have the necessary skills to guide and evaluate students, while also improving work placement design and coordination to align with program learning outcomes and provide meaningful experiences for students.
Different trend of muscle wasting extracted from computed tomography in patients with severe acute pancreatitis
Authors: Wang Shengqi , Wang Meiping , Jiang Li
Published: November 2024

Purpose: The trend of muscle wasting in patients with acute severe and moderately severe pancreatitis (AP) remains unclear. This retrospective study aimed to investigate the trend of skeletal muscle area (SMA) changes and its impact on patients with severe and moderately severe AP.
Methods: Patients diagnosed with AP who had repeated CT scans after intensive care unit (ICU) admission were included. The patients were categorized into moderately severe AP or severe AP groups. The generalized additive mixed model (GAMM) was used to analyze the SMA trajectories.
Results: A total of 126 patients were included. The patients in the severe AP group had rapid muscle wasting during the first 3 weeks following ICU admission and the SMA in the severe AP group decreased by 0.5 cm2 (95% CI: -0.8 to -0.3) every day in the GAMM model, compared to the moderately severe AP group. A larger change in the SMA during the first 10 days after admission was significantly associated with prolonged length of hospital stay (LOS) (β = -0.205, P= 0.036).
Conclusions: Patients with severe AP experienced more muscle wasting during the first 3 weeks after ICU admission. A larger reduction in the SMA was associated with prolonged LOS.
Advances in knowledge: Different patterns of muscle wasting were present in the moderately severe and severe AP patients, which might be associated with LOS.
Revolutionizing Radiotherapy: Gold Nanoparticles with Polyphenol Coating as Novel Enhancers in Breast Cancer Cells – An In Vitro Study
Authors: Tarantino Simona , Bianco Annalisa , Cascione Mariafrancesca , Carlà Alessandra , Fiamà Lia , Corato Riccardo Di , Giotta Livia , Pellegrino Paolo , Caricato Anna Paola , Rinaldi Rosaria , De Matteis Valeria
Published: November 2024

Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women, with over 1 million new cases and around 400,000 deaths annually worldwide. This makes it a significant and costly global health challenge. Standard treatments like chemotherapy and radiotherapy, often used after mastectomy, show varying effectiveness based on the cancer subtype. Combining these treatments can improve outcomes, though radiotherapy faces limitations such as radiation resistance and low selectivity for malignant cells. Nanotechnologies, especially metallic nanoparticles (NPs), hold promise for enhancing radiotherapy. Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) are particularly notable due to their high atomic number, which enhances radiation damage through the photoelectric effect. Studies shown that AuNPs can act as effective radiosensitizers, improving tumor damage during radiotherapy increasing the local radiation dose delivered. Traditional AuNPs synthesis methods involve harmful chemicals and extreme conditions, posing health risks. Green synthesis methods using plant extracts offer a safer and more environmentally friendly alternative. This study investigates the synthesis of AuNPs using Laurus Nobilis leaf extract and their potential as radiosensitizers in breast carcinoma cell lines (MCF-7). These cells were exposed to varying doses of X-ray irradiation, and the study assessed cell viability, morphological changes and DNA damage. The results showed that green-synthesized AuNPs significantly enhanced the therapeutic effects of radiotherapy at lower radiation doses, indicating their potential as a valuable addition to breast cancer treatment.
Moringa Bio-Priming with Zn Spray Improved Nutrients Rich Biofortified Chickpea Grains and Drought Tolerance at Reproductive Stages under Arid Environment
Authors: Nawaz Hamid , Yousaf Malik Muhammad , Hussain Nazim , Ihsan Muhammad Zahid , Alwahibi Mona S , Elshikh Mohamed S , Iqbal Rashid
Published: November 2024

A restricted food supply with limited alternatives often leads to essential nutrient deficiency in masses of Africa and Asia. This issue is exceedingly prevalent in pregnant women and infants due to low dietary Zn intake in daily meals. The Zn absorbance in pulses grain may be enhanced through bio-priming with moringa leaf extract (MLE30) under water deficit conditions. To investigate the performance of bio-stimulants with foliar spray of synthetic nutrients, a field trial was carried out at Arid Zone Research Institute, Bahawalpur, Pakistan for two consecutive years (2021–2022, 2022–2023). An approximate decrease of 55–64% in chickpea grain yield was noticed under terminal drought stress applied at pod formation as compared to control however; the application of biopriming with Zn spray mitigated the negative effects on grain yield (only 13% decrease in grain yield). This improvement was supported by the significant increase in dry shoot weight (55%) and root weight (51%), no of nodules per plant (20%), no of grains per plant (15%), harvest index (225%) for the first year, plant height (26%) and no of pods per plant (45%), for the second year. Similarly, the overproduction of antioxidants especially catalase (98%), ascorbic peroxidase (87%), and total phenolic content (104%) under bio-primed with Zn spray treatment helped the plants to withstand the negative effects of terminal drought stress. The mineral contents (Zn, Fe & K) were decreased under terminal drought stress nonetheless; the biopriming with Zn spray prominently improved its bioavailability for obtaining the nutrient-rich biofortified grains production. The economic analysis reported a significantly higher benefit-cost ratio (2.74) for bio-primed with Zn spray treatments as compared to hydro-primed treatments under both terminal drought stress and normal water irrigation conditions. The application of moringa extract as a low-cost and effective biopriming agent along with the addition of Zn spray is recommended for the profitable cultivation of chickpea crops under terminal drought stress, which limits its cultivation and productivity, especially in rain-fed arid areas of world.
MRI-Based Parameters to Assess the Quality and Prognosis of the Closed Reduction in the Developmental Dislocation of the Hip in Toddlers
Authors: Cao Jinchao , Li Yu , Luo Junzhong , Zheng Zhaosu , Wang Xuan , Su Yushan , Han Jiuhui
Published: November 2024

Background: Treatment of developmental dislocation of the hip (DDH) in children aged 9–18 months is challenging because of the unique anatomy and incomplete ossification at this stage. Traditional imaging methods such as X-ray, CT, and ultrasonography have limitations in evaluating reduction quality in this age group. This study uses closed reduction (CR) and Spica cast immobilization to treat DDH in toddlers and leverages the ability of MRI to discern cartilage and soft tissue. Two MRI parameters, axial acetabular femoral head distance (aAFD) and the coronal acetabular cartilage head index (CAHI), were used to assess the quality of femoral head reduction and evaluate prognosis and redislocation risk factors.
Methods: A retrospective review was conducted on patients aged 9–18 months who underwent CR for DDH at our institution from June 2012 to June 2019. Fifty-one patients (58 hips) met the inclusion criteria. Pre- and post-CR pelvic radiographs were used to assess the grade of dislocation, the acetabular index (AI), and avascular necrosis (AVN). MRI, performed within three days post-CR, was used to evaluate hip reduction quality via the aAFD and CAHI. Redislocation risk factors were analyzed with MRI and X-ray data. Contralateral healthy hips served as controls.
Results: A total of 51 patients (3 males, 48 females) with 58 DDH-affected hips (23 left, 21 right, 7 bilateral) underwent CR at a mean age of 13.7±2.6 months, with an average follow-up of 58.37±13.46 months. CR was successful in 50 hips (41 Severin I, 9 Severin II), reflecting an 86.2% success rate. In contrast, 8 hips experienced failure (3 Severin VI, 2 Severin IV, 3 Severin III), which showed significantly lower CAHI values (p<0.01) and larger aAFD values (p<0.05). The mean aAFD was 2.4±0.88 mm in successful cases and 5.12±1.70 mm in failures (p<0.05). Successful cases had a CAHI exceeding 76%, and the postoperative AI significantly decreased in these hips (p=0.016). AVN occurred in 10 hips (17.2%), with a higher incidence in more severe dislocations (P < 0.05), but no significant correlation with demographic factors. The reliability coefficients for aAFD and CAHI demonstrated strong intra- and interrater agreement.
Conclusions: Close reduction and spica casting are effective for treating DDH in toddlers. MRI is a reliable tool for evaluating hip reduction quality, with aAFD enlargement and/or CAHI decrease as risk factors for reduction failure.
Estimation of Effective Momentum Diffusivity and Its Correlation with Neutral Particle Density Based on Toroidal Rotation Profiles in the TCABR Tokamak
Authors: Novaes Douglas Oliveira , Severo José Helder Facundo , Rizzato Felipe Barbedo , Ronchi Gilson , Fernandes Tiago , Ikeda Mayara Yumi , Maia Vinícuis , Albuquerque Fernando , Nascimento Fellype do , Iraburu Juan , de Sá Wanderley Pires , Sgubin Leonardo Gimenes , Levaton Jacques , Canal Gustavo Paganini , Guimarães Zwinglio , Galvão Ricardo Magnus Osório , Tendler Michael
Published: November 2024

An equation for estimating the effective diffusivity \(\chi_\varphi^\mathrm{eff}\) based on the thermal and frictional forces arising from the interactions with neutral particles is provided. These interactions are primarily attributed to charge-exchange processes between ions and neutral particles. Our analysis indicates that the proposed forces are strong candidates to act as sources or sinks of momentum at the plasma edge. Furthermore, although we only have an estimated profile of neutral particles, the results demonstrate a strong dependence of the effective diffusivity on the ion-neutral collision frequency and a comparatively weaker dependence on ion temperature. We showed that the toroidal rotation profile in the TCABR tokamak is well described by the Helander model for toroidal rotation velocity in the Pfirsch–Schlüter regime, which depends on the ion temperature gradient in the presence of the neutral particles. The toroidal rotation profile has been reconstructed by a sum of Bessel functions, derived from the solution of a second-order differential equation for the toroidal velocity. In this initial study on momentum transport in TCABR, our findings indicate that $\chi_\varphi^\mathrm{eff}$ --- which accounts for both the diffusivity and pinch terms in the momentum equation --- increases significantly in the outer plasma region. Additionally, it achieves a reasonable maximum value of approximately \(\chi_\varphi^\mathrm{eff} \approx 20\) m \(^2/\) s near the plasma edge at \(r/a \simeq 0.87\) , in the same radial position of the maximum ion-neutral collision frequency, demonstrating that the applied method successfully captures the general behaviour of this component as reported in other works, and guiding future experimental validation.
Elevated whole blood viscosity is associated with an impaired insulin-stimulated myocardial glucose metabolism
Authors: Succurro Elena , Vizza Patrizia , Cicone Francesco , Rubino Mariangela , Fiorentino Teresa Vanessa , Perticone Maria , Mannino Gaia Chiara , Sciacqua Angela , Guzzi Pietro Hiram , Veltri Pierangelo , Cascini Giuseppe Lucio , Andreozzi Francesco , Sesti Giorgio
Published: November 2024

Background: Increased whole blood viscosity (WBV) was associated with peripheral insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Impaired myocardial glucose metabolism is a risk factor for CVD. Whether an increased WBV is associated with myocardial insulin resistance is still undefined.
Methods: To elucidate this issue, we evaluated the association between WBV and myocardial glucose metabolic rate (MRGlu) in 57 individuals with different glucose tolerance status. Myocardial MRGlu was assessed using dynamic cardiac 18F-FDG PET combined with euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp. WBV was calculated using a validated equation including hematocrit and plasma proteins: WBV = [0.12 x h] + [0.17 x (p-2.07)], where h is the hematocrit (%) and p the plasma proteins (g/dl).
Results: As compared with individuals in the highest myocardial MrGlu tertile, those in the lowest tertile showed an age-adjusted increase in WBV (5.54 ± 0.3 cP vs 6.13 ± 0.4 cP respectively; P=0.001), hematocrit (39.1 ± 3.1% vs 43.2 ± 3.7% respectively; P=0.004), and total proteins (7.06 ± 0.3 g/l vs 7.60 ± 0.3 g/l respectively; P<0.0001). WBV was negatively correlated with myocardial MRGlu (r= -0.416, P=0.001). In a stepwise multivariate regression analysis, including several cardiovascular risk factors, the only variables significantly associated with myocardial MrGlu were WBV (b -0.505; P<0.0001), fasting insulin (b -0.346; P=0.004), fasting plasma glucose (b -0.287; P=0.01), and sex (b 0.280; P=0.003) explaining the 69.6% of its variation.
Conclusions: To the best of our knowledge, the current study was the first to show an association between WBV and myocardial glucose metabolism in individuals with a broad spectrum of glucose tolerance.
Computational Elucidation of Hub Genes and Pathways Correlated with the Development of 5-Fluorouracil Resistance in HCT 116 Colorectal Carcinoma Cell Line
Authors: Tan Chun Hoe , Lim Siew Huah , Sim Kae Shin
Published: November 2024

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most deadly cancer diagnosed in both men and women. 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) treatment frequently causes the CRC cells to become chemoresistance, which has a negative impact on prognosis. Using bioinformatic techniques, this work describes important genes and biological pathways linked to 5-FU resistance in CRC cells. In our studies, a 5-FU-resistant HCT 116 cell line exhibiting elevated TYMS was created and validated using various tests. Bioinformatic studies were conducted to determine which differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were responsible for the establishment of 5-FU resistance in the same cell line. After screening 3949 DEGs from the two public datasets (GSE196900 and GSE153412), 471 overlapping DEGs in 5-FU-resistant HCT 116 cells were chosen. These overlapping DEGs were used to build the PPI network, and a major cluster module containing 21 genes was found. Subsequently, using three topological analysis algorithms, 10 hub genes were identified, which included HLA-DRA, HLA-DRB1, CXCR4, MMP9, CDH1, SMAD3, VIM, SYK, ZEB1, and SELL. Their roles were ascertained by utilizing Gene Ontology keywords and pathway enrichment studies. Our results also demonstrated that the miRNA and TF that had the strongest connection with the hub genes were hsa-mir-26a-5p, hsa-mir-30a-5p, RELA, and NFKB1. Ultimately, 84 FDA-approved drugs that target those hub genes were found to potentially treat 5-FU resistance CRC. Our research's findings increase our understanding of the fundamental factors that contribute to the prevalence of 5-FU resistance CRC, which will ultimately assist in the identification of valuable malignancy biomarkers and targeted treatment approaches based on key regulatory pathways.
Using VIS-NIR hyperspectral imaging and machine learning for non-destructive detection of nutrient contents in sorghum
Authors: Wu Kai , Zhang Zilin , He Xiuhan , Li Gangao , Zheng Decong , Li Zhiwei
Published: November 2024

Non-destructive, rapid, and accurate detection of the nutritional compositions in sorghum is of great significance to the application of sorghum in agricultural production and food industry. In the process of sorghum nutrition detection, it can obtain good effect by extracting the corresponding characteristic wavelengths and selecting the suitable detection model for different nutrients. In this study, the crude protein, tannin, and crude fat contents of sorghum variety samples were taken as the research object. Firstly, the visible near-infrared(Vis-NIR) hyperspectral curves of sorghum were measured by the Starter Kit indoor mobile scanning platform (Starter Kit, Headwall Photonics, USA). Secondly, the nutritional components were determined using chemical methods in order to analyze the differences in nutritional composition among different varieties. Thirdly, the original spectral curves were de-noised by Standard normal variate(SNV), Detrending, and Multiplicative Scatter Correction (MSC) algorithms, and the Competitive adaptive reweighted sampling (CARS) and Bootstrapping soft shrinkage (BOSS) algorithms were used to coarse extract the characteristic variables, then Iteratively retains informative variables (IRIV) was used to judge the importance of the characteristic variables, and the optimal wavelength sets of crude protein, tannin and crude fat were obtained respectively. Finally, Partial least squares(PLS), Back propagation(BP) and Extreme learning machine(ELM) were used to establish the non-destructive detection models of crude protein, tannin and crude fat content respectively. The results showed the following: (1) The optimal variable sets of crude protein, tannin and crude fat contain 41, 38 and 22 wavelength variables, respectively. (2) The CARS-IRIV-PLS model was suitable for detecting crude protein, the prediction set exhibits R2, RMSE and RPD values of 0.6913, 0.7996% and 1.7998. The BOSS-IRIV-PLS model achieved good results in tannin detection, the prediction set exhibits R2, RMSE and RPD values of 0.8760, 0.2169% and 2.8398. The BOSS-IRIV-ELM model achieved the best results in crude fat detection, the prediction set exhibits R2, RMSE and RPD values of 0.6145, 0.3208% and 1.6106. (3) Linear PLS model is suitable for crude protein and tannin detection, and nonlinear ELM model is suitable for crude fat detection. These detection models can be used for the effective estimation of the nutritional compositions in sorghum with Vis-NIR spectral data, and can provide an important basis for the application of food nutrition assessment.
Tyro3 and Gas6 are associated with white matter and myelin integrity in multiple sclerosis
Authors: Rosenstein Igal , Novakova Lenka , Kvartsberg Hlin , Nordin Anna , Rasch Sofia , Rembeza Elzbieta , Sandgren Sofia , Malmeström Clas , Fruhwürth Stefanie , Axelsson Markus , Blennow Kaj , Zetterberg Henrik , Lycke Jan
Published: November 2024

Background
The Gas6/TAM (Tyro3, Axl, and Mer) receptor system has been implicated in demyelination and delayed remyelination in experimental animal models, but data in humans are scarce. We aimed to investigate the role of Gas6/TAM in neurodegenerative processes in multiple sclerosis (MS).
Methods
From a prospective 5-year follow-up study, soluble Gas6/TAM biomarkers were analyzed in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) at baseline in patients with relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS) (n = 40), progressive MS (PMS) (n = 20), and healthy controls (HC) (n = 25). Brain volumes, including myelin content (MyC) and white matter (WM) were measured by synthetic magnetic resonance imaging at baseline, 12 months, and 60-month follow-up. Associations with brain volume changes were investigated in multivariable linear regression models. Gas6/TAM concentrations were also determined at 12 month follow-up in RRMS to assess treatment response.
Results
Baseline concentrations of Tyro3, Axl, and Gas6 were significantly higher in PMS vs. RRMS and HC. Mer was significantly higher in PMS vs. HC. Tyro3 and Gas6 were associated with reduced WM (β = 25.5, 95% confidence interval [CI] [6.11–44.96, p = 0.012; β = 11.4, 95%CI [0.42–22.4], p = 0.042, respectively) and MyC (β = 7.95, 95%CI [1.84–14.07], p = 0.012; β = 4.4, 95%CI [1.04–7.75], p = 0.012 respectively) at 60 months. Patients with evidence of remyelination at last follow-up had significantly lower baseline soluble Tyro3 (p = 0.033) and Gas6 (p = 0.014). Except Mer, Gas6/TAM concentrations did not change with treatment in RRMS.
Discussion
Our data indicate a potential role for the Gas6/TAM receptor system in neurodegenerative processes influencing demyelination and ineffective remyelination.
Generating Reconstructable Collaborative Virtual Environments via Graph Matching for Mixed Reality Remote Collaboration
Authors: Lu Yaguang , Hu Yong , Feng Huiyan , Duan PengShuai , Shen Xukun
Published: November 2024

Generating Reconstructable Collaborative Virtual Environments (RCVEs) addresses the spatial heterogeneity challenge in Mixed Reality (MR) remote collaboration. Existing methods partition remote spaces into discrete areas, aligning them with local spaces. However, disparities in structural and semantic configurations hinder continuous avatar movement. This paper proposes a Graph Matching-based approach to constrain the spatial topological relationships among discrete areas during RCVEs alignment. An Artificial Potential Fields-based avatar mapping method, named APFBAM, is introduced to rapidly capture and redirect avatars in heterogeneous spaces. Experiments using reconstructed virtual scenes from real-world data demonstrate the effectiveness of these methods in MR remote collaboration. The results indicate that users perceive minimal impact on their experience despite spatial structural differences, validating the approach's suitability for enabling flexible and scalable MR remote collaboration.
Improving diffusion-based protein backbone generation with global-geometry-aware latent encoding
Authors: Gong Haipeng , Zhang Yuyang , Liu Yuhang , Ma Zinnia , Li Min , Xu Chunfu
Published: November 2024

Recent breakthroughs in diffusion-based generative models have prompted de novo protein design, notably in generating diverse and realistic structures. Nevertheless, while existing models either excel at unconditional generation or employ residue-wise conditioning for topological control, explorations on a holistic, top-down approach to control the overall topological arrangements is still limited. In response, we introduce TopoDiff, a diffusion-based framework augmented by a structure encoder and a latent sampler. Our model can unsupervisedly learn a compact latent representation of protein global geometry, while simultaneously integrating a diffusion module to leverage this information for controlled structure generation. In benchmark against existing models, TopoDiff demonstrates comparable performance on established metrics and exhibits an improved coverage over the fold modes of natural proteins. Moreover, our method enables versatile control at the global-geometry level for structural generation, under the assistance of which we derived a number of novel folds of mainly-beta proteins with comprehensive experimental validation.
Using a Dynamic Spatial Difference-in-Differences estimator to evaluate the effect of High speed rail and tourist transit service on Tourism Demand
Authors: Liu Tzu-Ming
Published: November 2024

This study uses the Dynamic Spatial Difference-in-Differences model (Dynamic SDID) to analyze the impact of the Taiwan High-Speed Rail (THSR) on Taiwan's tourism demand. To control for spillover effects, the model incorporates the Taiwan Tourist Shuttle service (TSHU) as an alternative transportation option, the interactive effects between TSHU and THSR, and the spatial autocorrelation between TSHU and THSR. The analysis results indicate that controlling for spillover effects is crucial for analyzing the impact of the High-Speed Rail and tourist transit service on Tourism Demand, and the Dynamic SDID is a better analytical model for this purpose. The THSR has a significant positive impact on tourism demand, while its spatial autocorrelation effect is significantly negative. This suggests that the increase in tourist traffic brought about by THSR mainly comes from existing tourists in the surrounding areas rather than generating new tourism demand. The TSHU, on the other hand, has a negative but insignificant impact on tourism demand, but its interaction with THSR has a significant positive effect, indicating that the two services complement each other. Therefore, to enhance Taiwan's tourism demand, the focus should still be on improving the attractiveness of tourist destinations rather than solely relying on the construction of the High-Speed Rail. Additionally, while the TSHU does not contribute significantly to the development of specific individual tourist destinations, it does facilitate regional tourism development. Therefore, selecting TSHU routes based on actual market conditions can promote the growth of the tourism industry.
Multilingual Competency and Academic Performance: A Machine Learning-Based Analysis of the 2022/2023 Somaliland National Primary Exam Data
Authors: Ali Jibril Abdikadir , Abdi Mustafe Khadar , Ali Tawakal Abdi , Muse Abdisalan Hassan , Omar Mukhtar Abdi , Cumar Mukhtaar Axmed
Published: November 2024

This study assesses the influence of language proficiency on academic performance in primary education within Somaliland, utilizing data from the 2022/2023 National Primary Exams. Employing a dataset of 20,638 students and applying ten machine learning regression models, the research investigates the impact of Somali, Arabic, and English language skills on overall academic outcomes. The findings reveal that proficiency in these languages significantly contributes to overall performance, with English showing the strongest positive association, followed by Arabic and Somali. Additionally, the study highlights minimal gender disparities in academic performance, aligning with previous research from the region. However, the urban-rural divide in educational outcomes remains substantial, with urban students outperforming their rural counterparts. Machine learning models, particularly Polynomial Regression, outperformed traditional methods in predicting student success, showcasing the utility of advanced analytics in educational research. These findings offer critical insights for policymakers aiming to improve language education, reduce regional disparities, and promote equitable access to quality education across Somaliland.
LiDAR SLAM method in outdoor environment based on global descriptor loop detection
Authors: Huang Chao , Ren Weiwei , Ran Dong , Zhang Yi
Published: November 2024

In outdoor environments, the odometer based on lidar sensors has accumulated errors, which may lead to map drift and map construction failure. This paper proposes a SLAM method based on global descriptor loop detection. This method uses stable triangle (STD) descriptors for loop closure detection to reduce cumulative errors. At the same time, this paper also proposes a candidate loopback frame search algorithm based on inverse document frequency (IDF) to ensure that high query efficiency can be maintained when the number of descriptors increases. In addition, the iterative closest point method (ICP) weighted by multi-scale residual terms is used to obtain the pose transformation between matching loop closure frames, thereby effectively improving the accuracy and speed of loop closure detection. To verify the performance of the proposed algorithm, we conducted experiments on the public dataset KITTI. Experimental results show that compared with existing algorithms such as LeGO-LOAM and Scan-Context, the algorithm proposed in this article has better performance in outdoor scenes and can improve the accuracy of pose estimation and mapping accuracy.
Sarcomatous Transformation of IDH-mutant Astrocytoma Matching to Methylation Class Oligosarcoma Following Embolization, a Case Report
Authors: Landvater Ryan , Tripathy Arushi , Nieblas-Bedolla Edwin , Shao Lina , Conway Kyle , Al-Holou Wajd , Ferris Sean
Published: November 2024

The mesenchymal transformations of infiltrating gliomas are uncommon and prognostically relevant events. This is particularly true of IDH-mutant astrocytomas and oligodendrogliomas, in which mesenchymal transformation is exceedingly rare. Oligosarcoma is a newly recognized methylation class (MC) that represents transformed 1p/19q co-deleted oligodendrogliomas, but recent studies indicate it may be non-specific. Herein we report the diffuse sarcomatous transformation of a multifocal recurrent astrocytoma from a precursor IDH-mutant astrocytoma, CNS WHO grade 3, in a young patient following embolization therapy and matching to MC oligosarcoma. The sarcomatous recurrence and original tumor showed identical 17q breakpoints with loss of heterozygosity of TP53. Both lack the defining 1p/19q co-deletion or copy-neutral heterozygosity of an oligodendroglioma and oligosarcoma. The findings in this case report both contribute to the apparent heterogeneity of the novel MC oligosarcoma and describe a second reported mesenchymal transformation of an IDH-mutant astrocytoma.
Identification of crucial genes through WGCNA in the progression of clear cell renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Li Ge , wang Jie-qiong , Liu Qin-wen , Kong Xiang-jun , Yang Bo
Published: November 2024

Background
Due to the limited clinical treatment options for clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC), this study aimed to explore the molecular mechanisms underlying ccRCC and identify potential therapeutic targets.
Methods
A series of bioinformatics techniques were utilized. Differentially expressed genes were identified from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) dataset. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) was employed to isolate relevant gene modules. Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression was applied to determine potential target genes, which were subsequently validated in the The Cancer Genome Atlas Program (TCGA) dataset. Multivariate Cox proportional hazards model analysis was conducted. Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analyses were performed on intersection genes. The relationship between genes and immune cells was explored. Dual verification using GEO and TCGA data was carried out to screen genes.
Results
WGCNA was utilized to identify relevant gene modules. This led to the discovery of 236 differentially expressed genes, 193 candidate hub intersection genes, and 12 potential target genes. The AIF1L gene showed statistical differences, with higher expression in some samples. Enrichment analysis revealed these genes' implications in renal tumors. Twelve ccRCC-related genes were identified, having diagnostic value and correlations with immune cells. Through dual verification, five genes were screened out and AIF1L in ccRCC had unique characteristics. Clinical correlation analysis suggested it might act as a suppressor gene. Differences in the tumor microenvironment were observed between AIF1L high- and low-expression groups.
Conclusion
This study on ccRCC presented notable findings. The combination of data from different datasets offered a comprehensive understanding of ccRCC-related genes. AIF1L showed promise. this finding provides a foundation and direction for future research on ccRCC's molecular mechanisms and potential therapeutic strategies.
A Correction Method Based on Experiment Cutting Process for Grinder Profile of Screw Rotor Compressor
Authors: Tran Quyet Van , Hoang Thuan Minh
Published: November 2024

The accuracy of the grinding wheel (GW) body is known as a critical factor impacting the rotor profile error of the screw compressor. However, GW profile errors typically arise during the lathe process as a result of the comprehensive errors in the machining tools. Therefore, this research proposes a correction method for enhancing the profile accuracy of the GW body based on the normal deviation of the manufactured GW body compared to design profiles. The mathematical model is established for generating the GW according to the design rotor profile of the screw compressor. The CMM machine measures the actual profile of the GW body after manufacturing it using a lathe process. The closed-loop method reduces the manufactured profile error of the GW body based on the profile error of the actual profile compared with the design profiles of the GW body. In the experiment result, the maximum normal deviation of the GW body was significantly reduced by about 82.56%. The interface software is constructed based on the proposed method and C# language to be easily applied in the industrial setting.
Serotransferrin enhances transferrin receptor-mediated brain uptake of antibodies
Authors: Morrison Jamie I. , Metzendorf Nicole G. , Liu Jielu , Hultqvist Greta
Published: November 2024

The propensity of antibody-based therapies to systemically enter the brain interstitium and ameliorate pathology associated with numerous neurological maladies is precluded by the presence of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Through distinct mechanisms, the BBB has evolved to regulate transport of essential ions, minerals, certain peptides and cells between the blood and the brain, but very restrictive otherwise. Hijacking receptor-mediated transport pathways of the BBB has proved fruitful in developing “Trojan Horse” therapeutic approaches to deliver antibody-based therapies to the brain milieu. The transferrin receptor (TfR)-mediated transcytosis pathway (RMT) is one such example where large recombinant molecules have been designed to bind to the TfR, which in turn activates the RMT pathway, resulting in delivery across the BBB into the brain milieu. Based on these findings, we here investigated whether the addition of serotransferrin could trigger the endogenous TfR-mediated RMT pathway and hence be used to enhance the uptake of TfR binding antibodies. By using an in vitro model of a mouse BBB we could test whether co-administration of mouse serotransferrin with mouse and human-based monoclonal antibodies enhanced brain uptake. In all cases tested, no matter if the monoclonal antibodies were designed to bind the TfR in a monovalent, partially monovalent/bivalent or entirely bivalent fashion, with high or low affinity or avidity, the addition of mouse serotransferrin significantly improved transport across the artificial BBB. This was also true for TfR binding antibodies that on their own passes the BBB poorly. These results were subsequently confirmed using a human in vitro BBB model, along with human serotransferrin and human TfR-binding antibody. To corroborate the in vitro results further, we conducted an in vivo brain uptake study in wildtype mice, intravenously co-administering a monoclonal TfR-binding antibody in the presence or absence of mouse serotransferrin. In a similar outcome to the in vitro studies, we observed a significant almost two fold increase in brain uptake of two different TfR binding antibodies when it was co-administered with mouse serotransferrin. These findings show for the first time that serotransferrin supplementation can significantly improve the ability of TfR-binding antibodies to traverse the BBB, which provides a realistic therapeutic opportunity for improving the delivery of therapeutic antibodies to the brain.