bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pengembangan Kecerdasan Buatan Whatsapp Chatbot untuk Mahasiswa
Authors: Suryana Ruly , Aryanto Mukhlis , Kurniawan Rizki , Satmata Kyash Sabda Gusti Prabu , Yulianti Yulianti , Saifudin Aries
Published: September 2022

A chatbot is an artificial intelligence-based computer program that can carry out conversations via audio or text. This study intends to identify and analyze the types of artificial intelligence in the form of chatbots and their possible use as chatbot-based communication media. Currently, the practice in most is that branch employees need to consult with the central employees or search through official websites for work-related information. However, the process of obtaining the required information can take some time ranging from minutes to hours and is sometimes inconsistent as questions are answered by different employee members. There are WhatsApp chat groups for branch employees to interact with central employees, but group chats can be overwhelmed by questions due to the large number of members causing important messages to be ignored. In an effort to overcome this challenge, we developed a WhatsApp chatbot to overcome this problem by offering a centralized platform of communication for central employees and branch employees to share information via WhatsApp messages. Communication in the form of personalized messages between chatbots and users thus solving the overwhelming messaging problem that group chats pose. The Agile Kanban methodology was used to develop a system that promotes the use of Kanban boards to visualize development stages. A questionnaire is distributed to branch employees, head office employees and managers to test the system and collect opinions and suggestions from target users to assess whether the system is meeting its objectives. The biggest benefit of the Kanban methodology is the ability to continuously improve work. It can be used in any work environment and is great in situations where work arrives unexpectedly.
Pengujian Black Box pada Aplikasi Daftar Peserta Vaksinasi COVID-19 Berbasis Situs Web dengan Metode Equivalence Partitions
Authors: Syahputra Muhammad Arvy , Maulana Nanda Risky , Fajri Rahmad Danil , Zaki Teuku Raja Muhammad , Yulianti Yulianti
Published: September 2022

Making an application has many stages and processes, after the application has been formed it is necessary to have a series of tests on the application to ensure that whether the application can run well or not. If an application does not go through the testing stage, it will be difficult to know how the quality of the application is and it will not be known whether there are obstacles or not when the user uses it. In the COVID-19 Vaccination Participant List application, if this problem occurs, the admin will find it difficult to enter participant data and also Health Facilities and this may result in incorrect data input. To solve this problem, the author will test using the black box testing method. Black box testing or better known to many people through the term functional testing and is a software testing method used to test software where the tester does not know or does not know the internal structure of the application code or program. In a series of tests that are applied to the program the tester knows what the program must do, but the tester does not have knowledge of how the program fulfills the commands that have been given. From the data from the website testing, the COVID-19 Vaccination Participant List Website is ready to be recommended and run for the sake of recording COVID-19 vaccination participants in Indonesia.
Penerapan Black Box Boundary Value Analysis pada Sistem Penjualan Makanan Berbasis Website
Authors: Suciati Putri Esa , Anggoro Argo Tri , Keliwawa Hayartudin , Hakim Alifia Fatwa , Saifudin Aries
Published: September 2022

In this web-based food sales application, if there is an error when the customer registers there will be misunderstandings for sellers that can be detrimental. Losses for sellers when the application occurs problems, then online food sales will be disrupted which can reduce product sales and income. In this study to reduce the level of error with website-based sales applications, it is necessary to test or analyze the performance of the application so as not to cause further errors that can be detrimental to the seller and buyer. From several surveys and suggestions finally testing or analyzing food sales applications based on this website applies the Black Box method with one way, namely Boundary Value Analysis. Boundary Value Analysis itself is a technique or way of analyzing that works to test or analyze the amount of value entered in an application that has a battery value.
Penerapan Chatbot Auto Reply pada Telegram terhadap Pengembangan Bisnis Penjualan Sepatu Menggunakan Artificial Intelligence Markup Language
Authors: Fransisco Fransisco , Akbar Faris , Kurniasari Sischa , Hibban Muhammad Ibnu , Desyani Teti , Nirmala Endar
Published: September 2022

The imbalance in the number of workers and customer demand is a problem that must be faced by business actors today. With a chatbot, it can help business people handle thousands of chats from customers who want to ask about sales products. Chatbots can also save on operational costs and provide 24/7 active service. Indirectly this can provide customer connection to the store. Therefore, this study will discuss the Application of the Auto Reply Chatbot on Telegram to the Development of a Shoe Sales Business Using Artificial Intelligence Markup Language. This system involves a shoe sales information system website as a medium to provide services to customers related to sales information. And a chatbot that implements an AIML (Artificial Intelligence Markup Language) system as a virtual assistant that connects customers and information from the database. Where this chatbot will respond to conversations submitted by customers, besides that it can also retrieve data in the form of information in sales data. The system which is designed using the Javascript, PHP, Python, PDO, and MySQL programming languages as the database.System testing will show that the sales information system website is functioning properly in managing (Create, Read, Update, Delete) customer data, stock of goods, goods sold and other data, while the Chatbot test shows that the program can respond via the Telegram application, starting from messages asking for stock, item prices or requesting information from the database.
Pengujian Aplikasi Sistem Informasi Absensi Karyawan PT Prakarsa Mitra Andalan Menggunakan Metode Black Box
Authors: Mulyati Sri , Kusyadi Irpan , Akbar Sulthon Aulia Azis , Saputra Alex , Hidayat Henriansyah
Published: September 2022

Technological developments that gave birth to many quality software products. Quality software is software that has gone through testing. In software testing there are several things that must be tested, namely the software must be in accordance with what the user wants or needs, the software must work well when used so that there are no errors, the software must have a good response time when run. Software must be a cost and time efficiency solution. In software testing, one of the methods used is by using the blackbox method. The blackbox method has its own technique, one of which is the equivalence partitioning technique. The equivalence partitioning technique is a technique of dividing several parts or partitions to check each part or partition by testing the software.
Implementasi Black Box Testing pada Aplikasi Sistem Kasir dengan Menggunakan Teknik Equivalence Partitions
Authors: Huda Muhammad Nurul , Burhan Muhammad , Satibi Ahmad , Pradita Helmy Agus , Saifudin Aries , Kusyadi Irpan
Published: September 2022

Testing an application serves to check whether an application / program is running with what is desired or whether there are still errors / errors that need to be corrected so that the program created into a quality program. Software testing method consists of two types, namely Blackbox testing and Whitebox Testing where many are used in the time of the testers to check the program is appropriate or not with what they want. Testing this time the software that will be tested using the Blackbox testing method, this time testing only has the purpose to check the program being tested whether it is in accordance with the benefits that the manufacturer wants to the program without the tester having to know what program code is used in the application. Testing the Blackbox method is really a variety of one is Equivalence Partitions. which is utilized by us in the testing process this time. This technique is a trial in which the tester inputs data on all pages in the cashier application process, each page in the form of input will be tested and classified based on its function whether it is valid or not. What is desired in this test is the creation of the quality of the software produced in accordance with the benefits expected by the creator, and can also provide benefits to buyers who will use it.
Pengujian Perangkat Lunak untuk Penulisan Hasil Belajar pada Pelajar SMK pada Pelaksanaan Kurikulum 2013
Authors: Saifudin Aries , Desyani Teti , Amsyah Antomy , Jalil Abdul , Luthtiansyah Luthtiansyah , Ardiansyah M. Virzy
Published: September 2022

This review meant to portray execution of learning results report composing of professional understudies on Educational plan 2013 utilizing the web-based report composing programming. This examination was elucidating exploratory review, which was essential for the exploration improvement by utilizing Sharma's model. Information gathered by perception and poll. Members in this review included 9 both public and private professional school in Exceptional Locale, including the VPs of educational plan, study hall educators, and data innovation experts from school members. The outcomes look that 56% of respondents expressed that the created programming has great quality and the leftover 44% of source person expressed that the product created has mid-range quality. A few respondents ideas for enhancements to the product, to be specific (1) the requirement for synchronization of the framework with the freshest unofficial laws (2) improvement of the culmination of data inside the framework; (3) the requirement for participation with the branch of instruction / other related organizations; (4) impediment the power of the understudies. In view of these ideas have been led further developing the framework with the goal that the product was prepared for using to help professional instructors in Indonesia to set up the learning results writes about Education plan  program 2013.
Rancang Bangun Sistem Informasi Rumah Kos Berbasis Web dengan Metode Terapan
Authors: Basir Ali , Saifudin Aries
Published: September 2022

In the Jakarta area, there are countless boarding house businesses. For newcomers who are having difficulty finding information about boarding houses, it will be very useful in determining the desired boarding house both from the difference in price, location, available facilities, and room availability. By using technology and information in a business in addition to getting convenience in managing the business that is run and can be used to develop the business that is run so that it will be better and will not be eroded by technological developments today. By using an information system with an easy access method that is run through a website or cellphone for managing boarding houses or viewing rented houses in the Jakarta area. With the PHP programming language and using the Mysql database, it is hoped that it will make it easier for those who want to access this information. So that you no longer have to use the survey method to the desired place or rent.
Mycotic tubercular abdominal aortic aneurysm: A case report
Authors: Mirza Rida Tariq , Haseeb Shahan , Mushtaq Fahad , Malik Yashfeen , Ehsan Omer
Published: September 2022

The mycotic tuberculous aneurysm of the Abdominal Aorta is an extremely rare disease. An aortic mycotic aneurysm is a life-threatening condition caused by tuberculous infection. Tuberculous aneurysms of the aorta usually present as rapidly growing or ruptured pseudoaneurysms. Most of these aneurysms are of the pseudoaneurysm type. We presented a case of a 61-year-old man who was diagnosed with a tubercular abdominal aortic mycotic aneurysm associated with the posterior invasion of the vertebral body leading to discitis. The patient underwent a mycotic aneurysm repair with grafting. Even with a combination of surgical and medical treatment, a favorable outcome could not be achieved.
Undergraduates’ experiences of the post RN BScN program, Karachi, Pakistan
Authors: Ali Liaquat , Amarsi Yasmeen , Thahrani Ambreen , Ahmad Khalil
Published: September 2022

Introduction: Nursing education has a major responsibility in preparing nurses for clinical practice. In Pakistan, most of the nurses are diploma qualified. Post Registered Nurse Bachelor of Science in Nursing (Post-RN BScN) program plays a substantial role in the transition from diploma to degree. Therefore, it is necessary to explore the experiences of graduates of Post-RN BScN for the successful implementation and quality improvement of the program.

Objectives:  This study explored the strengths and weaknesses of the Post-RN BScN through experiences of the nurses who completed the BSc N program in 2015 in nursing education institutions in Karachi, Pakistan.

Methodology: The qualitative descriptive exploratory study was designed to explore the experiences of the nurses who completed the Post-RN BScN in 2015. Purposive sampling was used for data collection through semi-structured interviews. Data was analyzed through the content analysis method, through which sub-themes and themes emerged.

Results: The study participants from a public sector highlighted the strengths of program, such as integration of theoretical knowledge into clinical practice, having graduate qualified faculty, and having appropriate technological and education resources. Whereas, majority of the participants were concerned about the lack of integration of theoretical knowledge into clinical practice, under qualified faculty with unsatisfactory teaching competencies, inaccessibility to and unavailability of resources.

Conclusion: The study provided recommendations for stakeholders for improvement in the quality of nursing education by addressing major areas such as integration of theory into practice, competencies and shortage of the faculty members, and provision of technological and educational resources.
Artificial Intelligence in Medical Education: A citation-based systematic literature review
Authors: Burney Ikram A , Ahmad Nisar
Published: September 2022

Purpose: This review aims to describe the existing and emerging role of Artificial intelligence (AI) in medical education, as this may help set future directions.

Methodology: Articles on AI in medical education describing integration of AI or machine-learning (ML) in undergraduate medical curricula or structured postgraduate residency programs were extracted from SCOPUS database. The paper followed the guidelines of Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) research methodology. Articles describing AI or ML, but not directly related to teaching and training in structured programs were excluded.

Results: Of the 1020 documents published till October 15, 2020, 218 articles are included in the final analysis. A sharp increase in the number of published articles was observed 2018 onwards. Articles describing surgical skills training, case-based reasoning, physicians' role in the evolving scenario, and the attitudes of medical students towards AI in radiology were cited frequently. Of the 50 top-cited papers, 16 (32%) were ‘commentary’ articles, 13 (26%) review articles, 13 (26%) articles correlated usefulness of ML and AI with human performance, whereas 8 (16%) assessed the perceptions of students toward the integration of AI in medical practice.

Conclusion: AI should be taught in medical curricula to prepare doctors for tomorrow, and at the same time, could be used for teaching, assessment, and providing feedback in various disciplines.
Surgical outcome of pediatric patients with symptomatic tethered cord syndrome at a tertiary care hospital
Authors: Sharif Muhammad Mujahid , Mukhtar Masood , Khan Adil Aziz , Khan Zalan , Abbas Shabana , Abbas Sadaf
Published: September 2022

Introduction: Patients with tethered cord syndrome become symptomatic during the period of their growth spurt. Apart from progressive foot and spinal deformities, patients also develop motor deficits and bladder and bowel dysfunction. Early diagnosis and adequate release of the tethered cord are indispensable to successful management.

Objectives:  To study the trends in the neurological outcome after surgical treatment of cord tethering in pediatric population.

Methodology: Study was carried out from January 2018 to December 2019 at neurosurgery department, Fauji Foundation Hospital Rawalpindi. Thirty-five patients were included in the study who fulfilled the inclusion criteria.

Results: The average age of the patients at the time of the intervention was 11 years. There were 21 females (60.0%) and 14 males (40.0%). The distribution of neurological status improvement tells improvement in back pain in 28 patients (80%), improvement in motor function in 14 patients (40%), and improvement in urinary incontinence in 7 patients (20%).

Conclusion: This study concludes that back ache improves significantly after surgery while urinary incontinence is the least benefited symptom. Untethering along with the rehabilitation also helps majority of the patients with motor deficit. The ratio of symptomatic relief was best for backache and motor function and then improvement in the urinary control.
Restless leg syndrome (RLS) in end stage renal disease
Authors: Siddique Samara , Amin Waqas , Aaraj Sahira , Fatima Tooba , Imran Yasir , Islam Asif
Published: September 2022

Introduction: End stage Renal Disease refers to permanent, irreversible loss of renal functions due to variety of underlying disorders. The condition is quite prevalent in our part of the world. The occurrence of Restless legs syndrome (RLS) in such patients, especially those on hemodialysis, surpasses that in the general population. RLS significantly blemishes their quality of life. The syndrome has subtle and nonspecific symptoms which are commonly neglected in dialysis centers. The study aims to determine the frequency of restless leg syndrome in patients of advanced renal disease.

Methodology: A Cross Sectional Study conducted at Department of Medicine, Mayo Hospital Lahore from Dec 2018 to June 2019 (6 months). Patients of 20-80 years of age and of both genders, diagnosed as ESRD for ≥3 months were enrolled and evaluated for RLS. The condition was diagnosed as per International RLS Study Group (IRLSSG) criteria. The demographic data (age, gender, BMI and duration of symptoms) was recorded. History of smoking, alcohol use and chronicity of disease was also noted. Mean and percentages were calculated. Chi-Square test was applied. p-value of ≤0.05 was taken as significant.

Results: Total of 75 patients were enrolled. Males were 54 (72.0%) while 21 (28.0%) were females. Mean age was 47.3±13.1(22-73) years. RLS was observed in 29 (38.7%) cases. Age, gender, duration of illness, smoking and alcohol consumption had no significant association with RLS (p values 0.642, 0.669, 0.208, 0.245, 0.565, 0.745) respectively.

Conclusion: Restless legs syndrome is frequently encountered condition in ESRD patients.
A Review on Alzheimer’s disease and mesenchymal stem cell therapy
Authors: Ullah Aman , Abbasi Saad Hanif , Badshah Ismail , Latif Komal , Mateen Abdul , Aslam Adnan , Rehman Nafees Ur , Anwar Mansoor , Bhutta Ahmed Hussain , Khan Muhammad Imran
Published: September 2022

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurological ailment that manifests as difficulties in completing everyday activities, disorientation, and memory loss. Several innovative drug therapies have failed in clinical trials because they cannot stop or encourage the regeneration of injured brain cells. Furthermore, many medications only give symptomatic alleviation. As a result, a better knowledge of stem cell therapy's process might lead to new and effective treatments for this severe disease. Recent preclinical evidence suggests that stem cells can be used to treat or model AD. The mechanisms of stem cell based therapies for AD include stem cell mediated neuroprotection and trophic actions, antiamyloidogenesis, beneficial immune modulation, and the replacement of the lost neurons. This study examined the present status of many Mesenchymal stem cell-based therapeutics in AD pathogenesis. Furthermore, we have emphasized current clinical research that may be useful in treating Alzheimer's disease.
Frequency of asthenopia symptoms among tailors of Rawalpindi: A cross-sectional survey
Authors: Zafar Abdullah , Ahmad Sohail , Ali Khizar Nabeel , Khalid Bilal , Ayyub Fareeha
Published: September 2022

Introduction: Textile experts perform extensive close labor in small, densely packed workstations, exposing themselves to a variety of ocular and vision-related issues.

Objectives:  To find the frequency of asthenopic symptoms among tailors and to associate their asthenopia with their working environment profile which includes many factors such as lighting conditions, position blubs, working hours, working days, and taking breaks during work.

Methodology: This cross-sectional study was conducted over five months from October 2018 to February 2019 and it included 325 sewing professionals of garments (tailors) from the tailoring market of Rawalpindi. Study subjects were interviewed through a structured questionnaire that included demographic, working profiles, and symptoms of asthenopia. Data were analyzed by using SPSS version 21. The Chi-square test was used to check the association of dependent and independent variables.

Results: A total of 325 subjects were included in this study. In the current study total of 48% of the asthenopia is present in tailors. Almost every patient presented with more than one complaint. The most frequent asthenopic symptoms were headache 54.5% followed by watering of the eyes 44.6% and blurriness of vision 44.3%. A significant association was found between asthenopia and lighting conditions with a p-value of 0.01. The working days and spectacle-wearing were also significantly associated with asthenopia.

Conclusion: This study showed a relatively high frequency of asthenopia among subjects and it is strongly associated with the lighting conditions and working hours of the subjects.
International Graduate Students’ Mental Health Diagnoses, Challenges, and Support
Authors: Clarke Kathleen
Published: September 2022

Although there is a growing body of research that suggests the mental health of graduate students differs from that of their undergraduate counterparts, studies examining international students at the graduate level are scarce. This study therefore compares mental health diagnoses, challenges and stressors experienced, and use of mental health support, of international and non-international students who identified as being graduate/professional students. Data from the 2019 Canadian National College Health Assessment were used to compare the international graduate students (n = 1,876) to their non-international peers (n = 4,809). Significant differences were found on prevalence of conditions, certain specific challenges that are experienced, and help-seeking behaviours. Overall, international and non-international students may experience similar challenges, but international students are less likely to seek support. The findings suggest a need for graduate advisors and student affairs professionals to recognize the unique experiences of international graduate students particularly with their help-seeking behaviours.
The Effect of Communication Language Anxiety and Prior Learning Experience on Speaking Challenges and Strategies
Authors: Halali Ahlam , Ismail Lilliati , Abd Samad Arshad , Mohamed Razali Abu Bakar , Noordin Nooreen
Published: September 2022

Libyan students’ academic speaking challenges associated with language anxiety and lack of English prior learning experience could impede Libyan students’ communication abilities in international academic setting. Students need to develop certain learning strategies for academic speaking in response to these factors. Therefore, explanatory mixed-mode research design, the researcher conducted an online questionnaire with 223 respondents, followed by interviews with 15 informants and a focused group discussion. Field notes and member checks were also carried out for triangulation and validation. SPSS, NVivo, and AMOS analyses carried out were correlational procedures and structural equation modelling (SEM) using bootstrapping resampling analyses to investigate the relationships between variables, determine the validity of study models, and test the research hypotheses. It was found that academic speaking strategies are influenced by language challenges when communication language anxiety and prior learning experience mediate the effects of speaking challenges and the implementation of strategies meant to overcome them.
Environmental Vulnerability in Developing World: A Sociological Appraisal
Authors: Sheykhi Mohammad Taghi
Published: September 2022

Vulnerability of environment is very likely in most developing countries. Many people join the cities due to various reasons. Droughts in rural areas, rise of literacy and education, modern skills learnt by young generations in rural areas, higher expectations of the ruralites and many more, push these people to cities where they are unexpected, creates problems and damages as far as the environment is concerned. To accommodate the people, many green spaces are vanished to build accommodations. Similarly, to make earnings, work places must be built, and for that many natural environments must be substituted by built environments. In the meantime, a lot of more transportation occupies the streets. Besides that, cities become polluted areas, and the whole life is damaged. Such a situation physically and spritually affect the people in urban areas. However, managing different classes of people in a metropolitan is really hard to do. In this way, a sort of class gap is created and observed within the urbanites of the developing world.
A New Automobile Global Manufacturing System: Utilizing a Dual Methodology
Authors: Amasaka Kakuro
Published: September 2022

In this study, by predicting the form of next generation automobile manufacturing, the author hereby establishes a “New Automobile Global Manufacturing System” (NAGMS) utilizing new total linkage a “Dual Methodology” surpassing JIT. Specifically, NAGMS contains a hardware system with five core elements “TDS, TPS, TMS, TIS & TJS”, and a software system with two core elements “Customer Science Principle (CSP) and Strategic Stratified Task Team Model (SSTTM)”. Actually, to realize global manufacturing, the author, therefore, develops a high linkage model “Advanced TDS, TPS, TMS, TIS & TJS”. The validity of NAGMS is then verified at Toyota and others.
A PERSONAL REFLECTION ON COVID-19 ONLINE TEACHING, LEARNING, AND ASSESSMENT WITH SUGGESTIONS FOR RESEARCH
Authors: du Plessis André
Published: September 2022

COVID-19 had a severe impact on teaching and learning in schools and tertiary education institutions. Human Rights Watch (Impact of Covid-19 on Children’s Education in Africa, 2022) posits that due to the closure of many schools in African countries, a significant majority of learners were excluded from continuing their education as learning and teaching halted. The pandemic has also had its effect on the higher education sector within the South African context, however, data about non-attendance and drop-out seems not to be freely available as revealed by searching online. Nonetheless, it is reasonable to assume that there were drop-outs and non-attendance by students, however, not to the same extent as within schools as universities embarked on contingency plans to minimize dropouts. Nelson Mandela University in Gqeberha South Africa where the author of this editorial resides, implemented contingency plans within weeks of the COVID pandemic outbreak to offer students ICT devices on loan, e.g. by debiting it against their student accounts while Wi-Fi data access was secured through collaboration with internet providers. It appears that the university sector was able to be more proactive than schools, which can probably be attributed to the fact that the majority of universities have their own ICT infrastructures. In addition, many modules incorporated the use of ICT in various ways, including the use of learning management systems such as Moodle or similar. This resulted in many universities being better prepared to embrace the opportunity to extend online teaching, learning, and assessment in various forms during the COVID-19 pandemic.
THE JIGSAW TECHNIQUE IN LOWER SECONDARY PHYSICS EDUCATION: STUDENTS’ ACHIEVEMENT, METACOGNITION AND MOTIVATION
Authors: Blajvaz Branislava K. , Bogdanović Ivana Z. , Jovanović Tamara S. , Stanisavljević Jelena D. , Pavkov-Hrvojević Milica V.
Published: September 2022

Physics teaching should facilitate students to acquire knowledge, increase metacognitive awareness and motivation for learning physics. The implementation of cooperative learning could be useful for improving teaching. The aim of this research was to examine the effect of cooperative learning (specifically the jigsaw technique) on students’ achievement in physics, metacognitive awareness, and motivation. An experiment with parallel groups (experimental and control) was carried out with 92 seventh-grade students (in lower secondary education). Jigsaw technique was implemented in the experimental group, while the control group was taught using teacher-directed teaching method. Students’ physics achievement, metacognitive awareness and motivation were measured using knowledge tests and questionnaires (before and after the experiment). Statistical analysis included calculations of Cronbach's Alpha coefficient, performance of the Shapiro-Wilk test, Mann-Whitney U test and the Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test. The research results showed that the implementation of jigsaw technique in physics classes significantly improved students’ physics achievement, metacognitive awareness, and motivation. Therefore, it can be suggested that this technique is beneficial in lower secondary physics education, and it can be recommended to implement the jigsaw technique in everyday school practice.
Keywords: cooperative learning, metacognitive awareness, parallel group design, physics education
COMPARING PRE-SERVICE PRIMARY SCHOOL TEACHERS’ AND LOWER-SECONDARY LEARNERS’ UNDERSTANDING THE PARTICULATE NATURE OF MATTER
Authors: Hejnová Eva
Published: September 2022

Cross-age studies have suggested that although children’s notions of scientific phenomena change moderately with increasing age, certain misconceptions persist from preschool to a higher educational level. The purpose of this study was to diagnose the prevalence of selected misconceptions about the particulate nature of matter among pre-service primary school teachers and to compare the findings with the results of lower-secondary learners. The participants in the study were 197 pre-service primary school teachers and 170 ninth graders. The multiple-choice diagnostic test was developed to collect data. In the analysis of the test results, the paired difference test and Pearson’s chi-square independence test for the contingency table were used. Frequency analysis was performed for individual questions in the test and percentages were calculated. The results obtained with primary school teacher trainees demonstrate the existence of a number of misconceptions similar to those observed with ninth graders; some misconceptions were observed to even be present significantly more frequently among pre-service primary school teachers. This study confirmed that age maturity and mere knowledge of scientific concepts such as atoms, molecules, etc. do not have to be sufficient to allow students to better understand the particulate nature of matter.
Keywords: lower-secondary learners, misconceptions, multiple-choice diagnostic test, particulate nature of matter, pre-service primary school teachers
USING A MACHINE LEARNING APPROACH TO EXPLORE NON-COGNITIVE FACTORS AFFECTING READING, MATHEMATICS, AND SCIENCE LITERACY IN CHINA AND THE UNITED STATES
Authors: Ye Lu , Yuan Yuqing
Published: September 2022

Non-cognitive factors are considered critical aspects in shaping students' academic achievement. This study aims to analyze and explore the mechanisms of the influence of non-cognitive factors on 15-year-old students' abilities in China and the United States. Based on the Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) 2018 education dataset, the Classification and Regression Tree (CART) model identifies and explains the factors. The study finds that there are 11 most influential common features in China and 9 in the United States. The two countries have 5 common features, the meta-cognition assess credibility, summarizing text ability, PISA test difficulty perception, science learning time, and school lessons numbers per week. Family economic status also impacts personal ability. Regarding subject characteristics, attitude towards failure is the determinant of reading and mathematics. Cooperation and competition among students help to improve mathematics and science. Furthermore, the comparison between the two countries concludes that self-awareness, family economic status, and school learning environment are critical to personal ability. The study concludes that it is necessary to foster a sense of healthy competition among students at the school level and provide more attention to students with low family socioeconomic status to improve their abilities.
Keywords: machine learning approach; non-cognitive factors; PISA 2018; personal ability
THE TYPES OF PEER SCAFFOLDING IN SCIENTIFIC EXPERIMENTAL ACTIVITIES
Authors: Kim Seong-un
Published: September 2022

This study studied the types of peer scaffolding presented in scientific experimental activities. The study included 14 university students. For the experimental activity of ‘determining temperature changes using the meridian altitude of the sun,' information regarding experimental behaviors, thinking aloud, discourse, and retrospective interview data were collected and analyzed. A model was derived and utilized for experimental activities to analyze peer scaffolding, wherein students internally structured their experiences with the experimental activities. The results indicated that students utilized seven means of peer scaffolding: ‘demonstrating’, ‘assisting’, ‘monitoring’, ‘posing’, ‘questioning’, ‘explaining’, and ‘suggesting’. Three types of peer scaffolding emerged: task completion-, model elaboration-, and learning support-oriented scaffolding. Each type differed in purpose, main mean, and major explanation details. Additionally, this study has observed the level of the model for the experimental activities and the time that had been provided to understand the experimental procedure influenced the three peer scaffolding types. These outcomes indicate that providing ample time to students independently structure the experimental procedure and supporting other students during experimental activities are essential. Moreover, providing assistance to students in focusing on observable phenomena by reducing the cognitive load required to process the experimental procedure is crucial.
Keywords: peer scaffolding, scientific experimental activities, students’ interaction, qualitative case study
EFFECTS OF INQUIRY-BASED CHEMISTRY EXPERIMENTATION ON STUDENTS’ ATTITUDES TOWARDS THE TEACHING AND LEARNING OF CHEMISTRY
Authors: Nicol Christian Bob , Gakuba Emmanuel , Habinshuti Gonzague
Published: September 2022

Students' attitude towards a subject is a key indicator of academic performance, therefore its enhancement is imperative for academic success. A sample of 328 grade eleven students was selected using cluster random sampling. Two different study groups; the experimental and control groups, were composed and exposed to the guided inquiry and demonstration methods of teaching chemistry experiments respectively. The Non-equivalent control group research design was employed with instruction lasting six weeks. Data on pre-test and post-test attitudes were collected using a 25-item attitude towards teaching and learning chemistry through experiment survey. Comparisons of mean attitude scores were made between the experimental and control groups, and between the pre-test and post-test for each group. The Mann-Whitney U test analyses indicated a higher mean attitude score for the control group. However, the difference in the mean scores was not statistically significant. The Wilcoxon Signed-Rank test analyses indicated statistically significant differences between the pre-test and post-test attitude mean scores for both independent groups. These outcomes show that both methods of teaching chemistry through experiments enhance students' attitudes to essentially the same extent. These findings imply that Liberian teachers can enhance students' attitudes through demonstrations.
Keywords: chemistry experiments, demonstration, guided inquiry, non-equivalent control group, students’ attitude
THE EFFECTS OF SCIENCE TEACHERS' PEDAGOGICAL CONTENT KNOWLEDGE ON STUDENTS' ATTITUDES TOWARD SCIENCE AND THEIR ACHIEVEMENT
Authors: Usak Muhammet , Uygun Harun , Duran Muharrem
Published: September 2022

Pedagogical content knowledge (PCK) is one of the most important research topics in science teacher education. The purpose of this study was to investigate the PCK of science teachers with different teaching experiences and examine the effects of teachers' PCK on students' achievement and attitudes toward science. A mixed methods research design was used for the study. Participants were science teachers and their students from two middle schools. Interviews, observation forms, achievement tests, and attitude scales were used as instruments for data collection. Data were collected and analyzed using content analysis, descriptive and inferential statistics. The findings obtained from the quantitative and qualitative data showed some significant differences between teachers' PCKs according to their teaching experience. The results also showed that the PCK of a teacher with the least experience was lower than that of the other two experienced science teachers. The results indicated that experienced teachers who developed PCKs did not significantly impact student achievement and attitudes. Educational implications and recommendations for further studies are also provided.
Keywords: attitudes toward science, pedagogical content knowledge, science achievement, science teachers, teaching experience
THE EFFECT OF STUDENTS’ ATTITUDE TOWARDS SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, ENGINEERING, AND MATHEMATICS ON 21ST CENTURY LEARNING SKILLS: A STRUCTURAL EQUATION MODEL
Authors: Xu Shao-Rui , Zhou Shao-Na
Published: September 2022

It is crucial to educate students on the basis of science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) education to develop 21st century learning skills. However, there is little research on the contribution of the attitude towards STEM specific discipline to 21st century learning skills. This study aimed to examine the extent to which students’ attitude towards science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) contributes to 21st century learning skills. Data were collected from 779 students from three primary schools and two secondary schools with the S-STEM questionnaire. Quantitative data were analyzed with structural equation modelling. The results revealed that (a) students’ science attitude, and engineering and technology attitude had positive effects on 21st century learning skills, and (b) students’ science attitude and mathematics attitude positively affected 21st century learning skills indirectly through the mediating role of technology and engineering attitude, and (c) the school year partially played a moderating role. The finding highlights the importance of valuing STEM attitude across disciplines. In particular, students’ engineering and technology attitude is more conducive to improving students’ 21st century learning skills. It also suggests the need to pay attention to the changing effect of STEM attitude on 21st century learning skills driven by the school year.
Keywords: 21st century learning skills, mediating role, STEM attitude, structural equation modelling
ASSESSMENT OF KNOWLEDGE INTEGRATION IN STUDENT LEARNING OF BUOYANT FORCE
Authors: Zou Yi , Jin Lizhen , Li Yanbing , Hu Tao
Published: September 2022

Students’ problem-solving ability depends on their understanding of related scientific concepts. Therefore, the modeling and assessment of students’ understanding of specific scientific concepts is important to promote students’ problem-solving ability, as it can find students’ understanding difficulties and explore breakthrough strategies accordingly. Inspired by the theory of knowledge integration and combined with the situational characteristics of science education in China, this study established a conceptual framework about buoyant force, which was applied to model students’ different understandings of it. And based on the established framework, an assessment of buoyant force was designed and tested among 622 Chinese lower-secondary school students. Through the analysis of the test data and the interview outcomes, it was found that students’ understanding of buoyant force could be divided into three levels of knowledge integration including novice, intermediate, and expert. Furthermore, the results demonstrate that an emphasis on the nature of buoyant force can be an effective strategy to help students achieve a deeper conceptual understanding of buoyant force, leading to a more integrated knowledge structure.
Keywords: assessment of knowledge integration, buoyant force, central idea, conceptual framework, scientific concept understanding
Survey on Household Solid Waste Management in Gbado-Lite city (Nord-Ubangi) in the Democratic Republic of the Congo
Authors: Ngbolua Koto-te-Nyiwa , Ruphin Djolu Djoza  , Gina Wediani Ngbaisi  , Colette Masengo Ashande  , Clarisse Falanga Mawi  , Monizi Mawunu  , Clément Inkoto Liyongo  , Jeff Iteku Bekomo
Published: September 2022

Household solid waste management is a crucial issue for environmental and human health. The purpose of this study was to conduct a survey on household solid waste management in Gbado-Lite (Nord-Ubangi) in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). A household solid waste survey was conducted in 5 neighborhoods of the city of Gbado-Lite in northern DRC from July to August. Data collection was made possible by stratified probability sampling and direct observations. The results of this study revealed that the main informants (75%) were women and 68% of the respondents were in the 18-35 age group. The main socio-cultural groups in the study area are the Ngbadi (55%) and Ngbaka (16%). In addition, 74% of respondents have secondary education and their main sources of income are commerce (25%), the civil service (20%) and the household (13%). Also, the main solid household wastes identified were organic materials (44%) and packaging (25%); the majority (56%) of respondents did not have garbage cans and used plastic buckets without lids as their main garbage can (75%). Almost all (98%) of the waste does not undergo primary separation. The main waste disposal methods used by households are: landfill (43.87%), abandonment on public land (30.62%) and incineration (18.36%). Finally, the main harms of waste reported are: typhoid fever (29%), malaria (25%) and mosquito proliferation (24%). It is therefore desirable that a public sanitation service be set up in Gbado-Lite to enable households to manage their solid waste properly and thus protect the urban environment and human health.
The Effect of Work Motivation and Quality of Work Life on Organizational Commitment and Performance of Employees at the Department of Industry and Trade in Bali Province
Authors: Anggitaning Kadek Yustisi Ari , I Ketut Setia Sapta  , Nengah Sudja
Published: September 2022

This study aims to determine the effect of Work Motivation and Quality Of Work Life (QWL) on Organizational Commitment and Employee Performance at the Bali Province Industry and Trade Office. This research was conducted at the Department of Industry and Trade of the Province of Bali with the number of samples used as many as 80 people using the saturated sampling method or total sampling. Collecting data using a questionnaire. All data obtained from the distribution of questionnaires are suitable for use, then analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) based on variants known as Partial Least Square (PLS) analysis. The results show that (1) Work Motivation has a significant and positive effect on Employee Performance, (2) Quality of Work Life (QWL) has a positive and significant effect on Employee Performance, (3) Work Motivation has a positive and significant effect on Organizational Commitment, (4) Quality of Work Life (QWL) has a positive and significant effect on Organizational Commitment, (5) Organizational Commitment has a positive and significant effect on Employee Performance.
On Security Issues in Modern Russia
Authors: Kozhevnikov Vladimir Valentinovich
Published: September 2022

The scientific article discusses the concept and content of the security of the territory of the state, its varieties, as well as the importance of security for both the state and the individual and society. The author substantiates the need to single out such a variety of national security as food security.
RELATION BEETWEEN WORK MOTIVATION AND NURSE JOB SATISFACTION IN THE INPATIENT ROOM OF LEVEL II 03.05.01 DUSTIRA HOSPITAL, CIMAHI CITY 2019
Authors: Oyoh Oyoh , Rohayani Lilis , Pragholapati Andtia
Published: September 2022

Job satisfaction as an individual's general attitude towards his work. There are two factors that can affect job satisfaction, one of which is motivation because staff job satisfaction is based on motivational factors. Motivation is articulated by encouraging internationals with the help of yourself. Standard data for PMKP

03.05.01 Second Class Hospital in Cimahi City in 2018, employee satisfaction per semester in January-June 2018 obtained 84% (target of ≥90%). This study aims to determine the employment relationship with job satisfaction in the inpatient ward 03.05.01 Hospital II in Cimahi City in 2019.

The research design is an analytical survey using cross-sectional. The number of samples was 49 respondents using purposive sampling techniques with inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data collection was done using the Likert scale questionnaire method. Data analysis was carried out through two stages, namely univariate to see the frequency distribution and bivariate to see the relationship (Chi-Square).

The results of the study showed that 26 respondents (53.1%) had high work motivation and as many as 27 respondents (55.1%) or greater than respondents who were satisfied to work. The test results prove that there is a significant relationship between work motivation and job satisfaction (p value = 0.001