bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Tumor de colon como hallazgo incidental en un paciente con endocarditis por Streptococcus gallolyticus: experiencia desde la práctica clínica
Authors: Charry-Borrero David , Camacho-Osorio Julián , Coronado-Sarmiento Juan , Gómez-Ayala Jaime , Pérez-Pinzón Fernando , Roa Maldonado Santiago , Leon Machicado Mateo , Alcaraz Cañizares Paula Marcela , Caro Becerra Andrea Carolina , Vanegas Angie , Bacca Gomez Juliana , Tuta-Quintero Eduardo
Published: June 2022

El Streptococcus gallolyticus del colon. La fisiopatología que explica este fenómeno implica el aumento local de niveles de lactato puede presentarse como el germen causal de la endocarditis infecciosa en pacientes con lesiones premalignas y malignas, colágeno, fibrinógeno y fibronectina secundario a la hiperactividad metabólica tumoral que genera un ambiente adecuado para el crecimiento y adhesión bacteriana a la pared intestinal y posterior translocación al torrente sanguíneo. Simultáneamente, se establece la presencia de infecciones secundarias por la formación de biofilms, tanto a nivel colorrectal como en válvulas cardíacas. El objetivo del manuscrito es un mapeo en la literatura médica disponible sobre la correlación entre la endocarditis por Streptococcus gallolyticus y las lesiones premalignas y malignas de colon. Simultáneamente, exponer la experiencia clínica de un hombre de 82 años con diagnóstico de endocarditis por Streptococcus gallolyticus y el hallazgo incidental de pólipos adenomatosos del colon.
Creencias y actitudes de resistencia a la vacunación contra la COVID-19 en comunidades indígenas de la provincia Cotopaxi
Authors: Hernández Bandera Neyda de las Mercedes , Herrera Lazo Zaihrys Del Carmen , Jami Carrera Jeanneth Elizabeth , Labrada González Elsy
Published: June 2022

La respuesta a la vacunación no es solo un problema sanitario y su caracterización epidemiológica no puede responder únicamente a una perspectiva exclusivamente biomédica sino también de alcances sociales, educativos y económicos de profundo arraigo cultural. El objetivo de este estudio fue conocer las actitudes y creencias en cuatro comunidades indígenas de la provincia Cotopaxi, con respecto al proceso de vacunación. Se estratificaron resultados de los muestreados a fin de explorar si las comunidades indígenas con mayor nivel educativo o mayor asistencia a las charlas educativas sobre vacunación diferían de otras en cuanto a sus actitudes y creencias erróneas sobre este proceso. La comunidad Zq1 mostró ser la de menor nivel educativo, menor porcentaje de asistencia a las charlas educativas y presentó el mayor por ciento de aceptación de la vacunación (75.0%). La mediana de la tasa de creencias erróneas fue mayor para creencias como “Las vacunas no son seguras” (Aq3, Cq4: 9,4 ± 1,1, Gq2: 9,3 ± 1,2, Zq1: 8,8 ± 1,3) y “Las vacunas tienen un propósito oculto” (Aq3: 8,6 ± 1,5, Cq4: 8,7 ± 1,4, Gq2: 9,0 ± 1,3, Zq1: 8,4 ± 1,8).
فتنة الجلالية في مكة المكرمة (شعبان1041-محرم 1042ه/ مارس1632-أغسطس1632م)
Authors: Ibrahim Alamro Amro
Published: June 2022

تأتي هذه الدراسة لتسلط الضوء على إحدى الوقائع المهمة في تاريخ مكة المكرمة خصوصاً، والحجاز عموماً؛ ففي سنة (1041هـ/1632م) قدم إلى مكة المكرمة مجموعة من العساكر الجلالية، قادمين من بلاد اليمن في طريقهم إلى مصر؛ بسبب اضطراب الأوضاع السياسية والاقتصادية آنذاك، وبعد وصولهم إلى قرب مكة المكرمة طلبوا من أميرها زيد بن محسن السماح لهم بالدخول إليها، إلا أنه رفض ذلك خوفاً منهم، فنسقت العساكر الجلالية مع الشريف نامي بن عبد المطلب فدخلوها عنوةً بعد معركة غير متكافئة مع الذين حاولوا التصدي والمواجهة لهم، وسيطروا على مكة المكرمة، وانتخبوا الشريف نامي بن عبد المطلب أميراً عليها بمشاركة الشريف إدريس بن عبد العزيز، ثم تمدَّدوا بعد ذلك باتجاه مدينة جدة فسيطروا عليها، وانسحب الشريف زيد بن محسن واتجه إلى المدينة المنورة، وبدأ من هناك بمراسلة حكَّام مصر العثمانية لمساعدته في مواجهة خطر هؤلاء العساكر الجلالية، وتخليص البلد الحرام وبلاد الحجاز من قبضتهم، فاستجابت حكومة مصر العثمانية لطلبه وجهَّزت حملة عسكرية للتوجه إلى الحجاز والقضاء عليهم، وإعادة الحكم للشريف محسن مرة أخرى، واستطاعت هذه الحملة القضاء عليهم.

وقد نتج عن هذه الحادثة التاريخية أن استبيحت مكة المكرمة، وسفكت الدماء، وهُددَّ أمن وسلامة الحجاج والمعتمرين، فضلاً عن انعدام الأمن في البلد الحرام وما حوله عموماً.
A comparative studies on the effect of two types of laser on growth, chemical composition and biochemical genetic markerson Tagetesofficinalisplant
Authors: Sami Ali Metwally  , BedourHelmy Abou-Leila  , NermeenMahdy Taha  , Rashad Mahmoud Shoaib
Published: June 2022

Background: Tagetes plant Calendula officinalis, (Marigold) was grown widely used as annual, perennial and herbaceous ornamentalplant belongs to the family of asteraceae. It is anusually economic plant species utilized in processed forms in modern medicinal industry. Phenolic compounds, carbohydrates, lipids, steroids, tocopherols, terpenoids, vitamin C, carotenoidsare the main constituents of Marigold.Laser rays have attained much attention at different parts of the world for improving growth and quality of plants. In this concern, Laser treatments can modify important components of plant cell and have been reported to affect differentially, the morphology, anatomy, biochemistry and physiology of plant depending on the source and time of laser exposure. Results:The results indicated that plant height (cm), branches number/plant, stem diameter (mm), root length (cm), flowers number, plant fresh and dry weight, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, carotenoids, anthocyanine flowers contents, and electrical conductivity recorded significant increase at 20, 40 min. exposure time of helium-neon and cadmium laser rays. On the contrary, the previously mentioned treatments recorded decrement onanthocyanine stem contents, days from planting to flowering (earlying the flowering), and carbohydrates content. Moreover, the data of SDS PAGE demonstrated, and the effect of laser beam increased proportionally with laser exposure time. Conclusions: From results it could be concluded that, the high exposure time (40 min.) of laser beam can be used to enhancing growth parameters, chemical constituents and exchange gene expiration which enhances a new protein formulation may provide a better alternative of petals.
Representation of Gender Roles in a TV Commercial Series in Turkey: A Critical Discourse Analysis
Authors: YILMAZ Meltem , SARAÇ DURGUN Hatice Sezgi
Published: June 2022

Media has a role in protecting the maintenance of social and cultural status, and it can also be used for change. It is known that media uses stereotypical images emphasizing the priority of women's role concerning home and family via various tools such as television (TV) commercials that have the power to reach many people. The present study aims to offer a critical discourse analysis of the TV commercial series of hurriyetemlak.com by scrutinizing the women's and men's roles reflected in the commercials. First, the study's theoretical framework is outlined in which critical concepts regarding discourse analysis, including Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) and media discourse, are defined, and Fairclough's three-tiered framework to implement CDA is explained. In the second part of the theoretical framework, the issues of gender roles and advertising are scrutinized. Finally, the TV commercial series of hurriyetemlak.com is analyzed critically. The findings indicate that traditional gender role stereotypes are displayed in the commercial series. The significance of being married and responsible for household chores is highlighted for women to be respected in society.
Pelatihan Penulisan Artikel Ilmiah bagi Guru di SMP PGRI 3 Sungai Awan Kiri Kalimantan Barat
Authors: Pratiwi Indra , Aida Nur , Hermanto Sarwendah Ratnawati , Akhdiyatul Akhdiyatul
Published: June 2022

Profesionalisme merupakan salah satu kompetensi yang harus dimiliki seorang guru atau tenaga pendidik. Untuk menjadi professional, seorang guru dituntut untuk dapat selalu memperdalam pemahaman dan mengasah kemampuan terutama dalam menulis dan menerbitkan artikel ilmiah. Hanya saja, kondisi di lapangan khususnya di daerah 3T menunjukkan masih terdapat guru yang belum memiliki pengetahuan dan keahlian dalam menyusun tulisan ilmiah. Kendala tersebut tentunya menghambat karir guru tersebut. Oleh karena itu, kegiatan pelatihan ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pemahaman sekaligus keterampilan para guru di SMP PGRI 3 Sungai Awan Kiri Kabupaten Ketapang tentang cara menulis dan menerbitkan karya tulisan ilmiah. Pelatihan dilaksanakan secara tatap muka bersama dengan 15 peserta melalui metode ceramah, diskusi, dan asistensi. Kegiatan yang telah dilaksanakan ini menunjukkan hasil yang cukup memuaskan. Hal tersebut dibuktikan dengan respon positif para peserta melalui hasil angket kepuasan yang dibagikan pada akhir pelatihan serta adanya satu artikel peserta yang berhasil terbit pada jurnal yang mengindikasikan peningkatan kompetensi menulis para guru tersebut.
VIOLÊNCIA INTRAFAMILIAR CONTRA PESSOA IDOSA
Authors: Tarouco Quincozes Felitti Patrícia , Halinski Cardoso Elizangela , Alves dos Santos Geraldine , Barbosa Rosane , Kampff Cesar Augusto , Halinski Cardoso Elizangela , Fagundes Caroline
Published: June 2022

INTRODUÇÃO: O direito da pessoa idosa permanecer na sua família é importante tendo em vista ser ela a base de sua história, nela que a pessoa idosa sente-se acolhida e amparada. O Estatuto do Idoso estabelece, inclusive, um sistema de proteção integral e absoluta prioridade, na qual compreendem vários direitos dentre eles a “viabilização de formas alternativas de participação, ocupação e convívio da pessoa idosa com as demais gerações”. OBJETIVO: analisar a relação da vítima idosa com o acusado da prática de violência. MÉTODO: o delineamento do estudo é quantitativo e descritivo. Os dados são oriundos dos relatos das vítimas nos históricos dos registros de ocorrências policiais. A coleta foi realizada no dia 4 de janeiro de 2021. Foram analisados 313 registros e 521 violências no período de 4 anos, estando distribuídos da seguinte maneira: 63 registros em 2017, 83 registros em 2018, 97 registros em 2019 e 70 registros em 2020. Nesse estudo levou-se em consideração os dados referentes a pessoas idosas que sofreram violência por parte dos familiares. Os resultados advêm do banco de dados do Observatório da Segurança de Novo Hamburgo. RESULTADOS: a pessoa acusada de violência contra a pessoa idosa costuma ser próxima. Na maioria são os filhos (42%), netos (8,6%), esposo(a)/companheiro(a)/namorado(a) (8,3%), ex-exposo(a)/ex-companheiro(a) (7%) e parentes (8,3%). Também aparecem outras pessoas (17,9%) e registros não informados (7,7%). CONCLUSÃO: Evidencia-se a importância desse estudo para que se possa pensar em políticas públicas mais efetivas que venham amparar essas pessoas idosas em situação de vulnerabilidade.
Comparison between the Claudin-3 and the Ratio of Monocyte to High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol as Markers for Psoriasis in a Sample of Iraqi Patients
Authors: Al-Shamma Ghassan A. , Ahmed Yasser N. , Hassen Abdullah Salih
Published: June 2022

The index score of psoriasis severity (PASI) cannot always be of value as a marker in non- plaque psoriasis. Alternative biomarkers have been used for the diagnosis and prognosis of the disease. Among these markers are the transmembrane protein Claudin-3 and the Monocyte to High- density lipoprotein cholesterol Ratio (MHR). Objective: The present work was carried on to evaluate the prognostic and diagnostic ability of the two biomarkers for psoriasis, Claudin-3 and MHR, relate them to the PASI score in psoriatic patients, and find the correlation between the two markers. Subjects and methods: forty patients with psoriasis (25 males and 15 females) of 7.3 ±3.7 years disease duration, and 30 healthy control subjects of 19 males and 11 females were enrolled in the study from March to July 2021. The following tests were done for each patient and control subjects: Complete blood count (CBC) by VCS Technology Hemoglobinometry, Claudin-3 by ELISA technique, and serum lipids by enzymatic spectrophotometric methods. Results: Both markers (Claudin-3 and MHR) showed significantly higher values in the patient’s group than their controls in a manner proportional to the severity of the disease. As diagnostic markers, the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis for both of them gave acceptable sensitivity and specificity. Conclusion: Claudin-3 and MHR can be used alternatively as adjuvant diagnostic and prognostic markers to PASI score for psoriasis. Keywords: Psoriasis, PASI score, Claudin-3, Monocyte-HDLc ratio.
Translation and Validation of Urdu Version of Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory Generic Core Scale for Neoplase Children
Authors: Sajid Manayer , Waqas Shoaib , Tariq Muhammad , Javaid Asifa , Asim Hafiz Muhammad
Published: June 2022

Aim: To Translate and validate the Urdu version the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory Generic Core Scale among neoplase children. Methods: The descriptive cross-cultural linguistic validation study in which PedsQL Generic core scale was conducted by following Bombardier, Beaton and Guillemin’s guidelines for cross cultural adaptation. The study was conducted in different phases i.e. translation and validation. The original English version of PedsQL was translated into Urdu by two individuals, one with an Urdu background and the other from a medical background, during the translation phase (T1, T2) (Forward translation). The T3, T4 Versions were then developed by two independent translators (one with an English background and the other with a medical background). The T1, T2, T3, and T4 versions were compared to the original English version and evaluated by a group of multilingual specialists, resulting in the T5-urdu version. Twenty pediatric rehab professionals were given the T5-urdu version to validate. Results: Chronbach’s alpha value of PedsQL of both child and parent reported after translation were 0.986 and 0.987 respectively and after testing on population were 0.956 and 0.910 respectively. P-values showed significant results which are <0.05 in all domains. The inter domain correlations of child and parent reports after translation and testing on population were >0.70 that interpreted good Pearson correlation. The interclass coeffieneint was ranged from 0.541-0.982. Conclusion: The Urdu version of PedsQL Generic Core Scale of Age 8-12 years both child and parent proxy report is valid for neoplase children. Keywords: Children, Health Related Quality of Life, Neoplase, Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory, Translation, Validation.
Outcomes of Hepatitis E in Pregnancy
Authors: Inam Iram , Hassan Ghias ul , Saeed Saboohi , Sajjad Saadia , Sheikh Saima
Published: June 2022

Introduction: Hepatitis E virus infection is an emerging challenge of the developing world. During pregnancy, hepatitis E Virus results in devastating effects endangering the life of both mother and fetus. Hepatitis E contribute to 19% to 25% of maternal and 7-13% of all neonatal deaths. Purpose of this study is to see the association between hepatitis E virus infection and feto-maternal outcomes in pregnancy. Material & Methods: A prospective study design was used. Study was conducted in a tertiary health care sector for a period of March 2018 to January 2021 with sample size of 60 pregnant women. Study was conducted after getting institutional approval and informed consent was taken from all the study participants. Ethical considerations were followed throughout the study period. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 23.0 and descriptive statistics was used. Results: Out of 60 pregnancies, 19 (30%) suffered with PPH, 14 (23.33%) had history of DIC and 16 (26.66%) cases of hepatic encephalopathy were evident. Preterm SVD was a majority reason seen for ending the pregnancy. Results showed that hepatitis E virus caused multiple fetal morbidities. Conclusion: High mortality rate was evident in hepatitis E virus infection affected pregnancies in this study. There is a need to educate pregnant ladies regarding preventive measures to avoid fulminant consequences. Emphasis should be given to follow hygienic practices during pregnancy and proper antenatal visits are mandatory to educate the women. Keywords: Hepatitis E, Fetus Outcomes, Pregnancy, Maternal.
In Hospital Outcomes of Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting: A Gender Based Comparative Cross Sectional Study
Authors: Hussain Abrar , Iqbal Usman Javed , Bhatti Muhammad Ijaz , Hanif M. Imran , Abdullah Hassan Abbas , Iqbal Namra , Karamat Nazia
Published: June 2022

Objective: The objective of this study was to compare the in hospital outcome of coronary artery bypass grafting in male versus female. Methodology: The cross sectional comparative study was conducted in a tertiary care setting. Using non probability sampling a calculated sample of 100 patients (50 males and 50 females) undergoing CABG were enrolled. After getting their informed consent, preoperative, intraoperative and postoperative variables were entered in the predesigned performa and the patients were observed for the difference in mortality and morbidity in both groups during hospital stay. Results: In this study 50 male and 50 females were enrolled with mean age of 54.21±8.03 years. Pulmonary complications were the most common (14%) following postoperative wound infection (12%), atrial fibrillation (10%), low cardiac output syndrome (5%), renal failure (4%), neurologic complications (4%), postoperative MI (4%) and stroke (1%). No complication other than postoperative wound infection was found statistically significant. Conclusion: Through this study we found no significant difference in in-hospital outcome. Only post-operative infection was significantly higher in female cases than male. Hence, the perception regarding in hospital outcome doesn’t relate to gender in current study. Keywords: Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting, In-hospital outcomes, Wound infection
Elevation of AST/ALT Ratio in Association with Severity of Esophageal Varices in Patients with Hepatic Cirrhosis
Authors: Khan Imran , Ahmad Mukhtar , Khan Fahad Aman , Kashif Muhammad , Malik Tashia , Anser Aniqa , Khan Tufail
Published: June 2022

Objective: To determine the elevation of AST/ALT ratio in association with severity of esophageal varices in patients with hepatic cirrhosis. Study Design: Cross sectional survey Place and Duration of Study: Medical Unit II, Jinnah Hospital Lahore from November 2018 to April 2019 Methodology: One hundred and ten subjects were enrolled. The complete history, physical examination and appropriate investigations were done like liver functions test to see the ratio of AST/ALT and upper GI Endoscopy to confirm the presence or absence of esophageal varices. Results: The mean age of the patients was 45.6±5.2 years with 77.27% males and 22.73% females. Paquet grading system showed that esophageal varices were presented in 20.9% grade II. Within the 65 cases of esophageal varices 30 patients of liver cirrhosis were having a 27% high risk of esophageal varices. ALT and AST were significantly higher in high risk esophageal varices. Conclusion: The elevated level of ALT and AST are significantly associated with the severity of esophageal varices in hepatic cirrhosispatients. Key words: Elevation, AST/ALT ratio, Association, Esophageal varices, Hepatic cirrhosis
A review on consequences of climate change in Pakistan
Authors: Aiman Shah  , Rabia Naveed  , Iqra Khalid  , Aisha Khan
Published: June 2022

PAKISTAN is the seventh-most vulnerable country to climate change according to German watch, a think tank advocating for measures to combat climate change. People from across the country often discuss the unbearable heat everyone has been experiencing — an everyday topic in every household and workplace. Not only that, it is also a hot global debate. We often hear our politicians talking about Pakistan’s vulnerability to climate crises, but how much the government and its subjects act upon it, is more contestable than questionable. Besides war in different parts of the world, climate change is the biggest concern that we all have, not only for the security of this generation but also for the survival of the next. Some of the repercussions that we are already seeing are frequent heat waves, floods, melting glaciers, drought and famine. This research paper is qualitative in nature which described the current situation and consequnces which climate change is bringing in Pakistan. The Paper also discusses the way forward to be adopted.
WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT TO FULFILL THE BASIC NEEDS OF THE COMMUNITY
Authors: Indrati Rini
Published: June 2022

Water resources are the basic needs of society that must be met by the State. The fulfillment of water resources carried out by the central government and local governments have not been fulfilled optimally. The problem is why the state is given the authority to manage water resources, how does the government fulfill water resources as the basic needs of the community, and whether the water resources in the community have been met. The normative legal research method is used in analyzing secondary data. The government has made efforts to manage the need for water resources, but it has not been fulfilled in its entirety, so strategic steps are needed to overcome it.
¿Es la Alianza del Pacífico una estrategia de integración comercial efectiva para posicionarse en América Latina y consolidarse frente al Asia-Pacífico? una visión desde el Perú
Authors: Heller Ledgard Vanessa , Pérez Aponte María Cecilia , Roo Superlano Elba
Published: June 2022

El artículo analiza el impacto que en las agroexportaciones peruanas han tenido los acuerdos comerciales suscritos por el Perú con Canadá, Chile, China, Corea, Estados Unidos, Japón, México, Singapur y Tailandia. Se ha seleccionado este sector por ser representativo de sus exportaciones no tradicionales. En los últimos años, esta actividad ha experimentado un importante desarrollo de su competitividad y se ha convertido en un sector con amplio potencial para posicionarse frente al Asia Pacífico e insertarse en cadenas regionales y globales de valor. Basado en métodos de evaluación económica ex-post de los acuerdos de libre comercio, se realiza una descripción del comportamiento y composición de estas agroexportaciones para identificar si su desempeño en mercados de Asia Pacífico se corresponde con un aprovechamiento de disposiciones claves sobre acceso a mercados, reglas de origen, medidas sanitarias y fitosanitarias, obstáculos técnicos al comercio de los acuerdos comerciales y los protocolos sanitarios de exportación. Esto permite proyectar las oportunidades que brindan las disposiciones de Alianza del Pacífico.
Élite y revuelta popular en Chile: interpretaciones de la desigualdad
Authors: Garrido Claudia
Published: June 2022

En el marco de la investigación sobre desigualdades territoriales en la vida cotidiana del departamento de Trabajo Social de la Universidad Alberto Hurtado, la comunicación reflexiona, a partir del análisis de entrevistas cualitativas y notas de prensa, sobre los efectos de una noción minimalista de Estado en la persistencia de la desigualdad, en la desarticulación del conflicto social y en el enmascaramiento discursivo por parte de la élite económica y política, de condiciones estructurales que despolitizan las relaciones sociales. Nuestra tesis es que la revuelta popular de 2019, en tanto emergencia de discursos opositores, desmonta la ficción meritocrática y reivindica la democracia concebida como participación y goce de derechos sociales. Ello exige la refundación de un pacto social en igualdad y dignidad, develando la conflictividad en torno a la interpretación de la desigualdad: normalizada desde la política gubernamental, por un lado, y constatada como déficit democrático y atropello a la dignidad, desde la ciudadanía. Abordamos la dimensión más política de este escenario para contribuir al estudio de las desigualdades, en tanto Objetivo de Desarrollo Sostenible (ODS), suscrito por Chile ante las Naciones Unidas.
La instalación de la crisis ambiental global en el discurso de la seguridad nacional de Estados Unidos. Desde la Guerra Fría hasta la segunda década del Siglo XXI
Authors: Estenssoro Fernando , Vásquez Juan Pablo , Carrasco Alejandro
Published: June 2022

Este artículo es el resultado de una investigación sobre la presencia e instalación del tema de la crisis ambiental global en el discurso institucional relativo a la seguridad nacional de Estados Unidos y demuestra cómo, desde muy temprano, se entendió el tema de la degradación ambiental como una amenaza a la seguridad de la superpotencia. El estudio abarcó un periodo que va desde la Guerra Fría hasta la segunda década del siglo XXI. Se basó en una aproximación histórica que revisó fuentes (documentos oficiales, artículos, libros y estudios especializados de la época, prensa) provenientes del establishment político, instituciones de la seguridad y defensa, comunidad de inteligencia, así como de sectores de la academia y Think Tanks especializados. El relato temporal diacrónico se organizó en cuatro acápites que cubren la Guerra Fría, la inmediata pos Guerra Fría y la primera y segunda década del siglo XXI.

El presente artículo es parte de los resultados del Proyecto Fondecyt N°1190481, América Latina en la geopolítica ambiental pos-guerra fría de los Estados Unidos. Antecedentes históricos y proyecciones (1989-2017).
Naturaleza, actores y características del conflicto armado colombiano: una mirada desde el derecho internacional humanitario
Authors: Trejos Rosero Luis Fernando
Published: June 2022

Este estudio tiene como objetivo central demostrar que en Colombia se desarrolla un conflicto armado interno (no internacional), por lo cual su regulación jurídica debe ser a través del Derecho Internacional Humanitario. Se presenta una breve reseña sobre la historia, objetivos y eje de despliegue estratégico de los actores armados irregulares (FARC-EP, ELN, Grupos Paramilitares “AUC”). Al final se enuncian y analizan las características más relevantes del conflicto armado colombiano, teniendo siempre como base la definición que sobre este tipo de conflictos elaboró el Comité Internacional de la Cruz Roja.
La participación de las comunidades eclesiales de base (CEBs) en la regeneración del tejido social popular brasileño durante la dictadura militar 1964-1985.
Authors: Bustamante Olguín Fabián Gaspar
Published: June 2022

En el presente artículo se aportan algunos apuntes históricos generales para comprender el papel desempeñado por la Iglesia Católica brasileña, por medio de las Comunidades Eclesiales de Base (CEBs), que posibilitaron sus espacios religiosos para reconstituir el tejido social popular ante la violencia institucionalizada practicada por los gobiernos militares, entre los años 1964 a 1985. Una de las hipótesis que plantea el autor, es que las CEBs fueron parte de los nuevos movimientos sociales que ayudaron a la vuelta de la democracia, a través de la formación de valores democráticos que contribuyeron a la corrosión de las prácticas autoritarias del régimen militar.
Neopopulismo en Venezuela ¿mito o realidad?
Authors: Sánchez Dayanna
Published: June 2022

La historia política latinoamericana del siglo XX y XXI se ha caracterizado por la emergencia de propuestas políticas con tendencias nacionalistas y populares que apelan a la relación Estado-gobierno–masas para legitimar la erosión del establishment partidista y el rechazo a modelos económicos. Este fenómeno se ha definido como populismo, término que ha sido ampliamente debatido desde Irigoyen en Argentina hasta Chávez en Venezuela debido a sus rasgos coincidentes y sus tendencias ideológicas divergentes. Por lo anterior y con el ánimo de contribuir a las diversas disertaciones entre autores como Laclau, Touraine, Ellner, Roberts, entre otros, este artículo pretende presentar variables históricas y conceptuales que conlleven a concluir si el chavismo es un gobierno neopopulista o populista.
Género y migración: trayectorias investigativas en Iberoamérica
Authors: Tapia Ladino Marcela
Published: June 2022

El estudio de las mujeres migrantes en los movimientos de población y la constatación de su aumento en las últimas décadas han motivado la búsqueda de cuerpos teóricos que expliquen la ausencia de las migrantes en las investigaciones primero y las particularidades del fenómeno después. Por tanto la inclusión del género en el estudio de las migraciones y más tarde el establecimiento y consolidación de un campo de estudios bastante prolijo en la producción iberoamericana, ha supuesto una serie de críticas, tensiones y aportes que se pretenden consignar sucintamente en este trabajo. Hoy se acepta que el enfoque de género en los estudios migratorios ha permitido corregir las generalizaciones que se han hecho sobre los sujetos migrantes y reconocer el género como un principio básico que subyace en la movilidad humana.
Ejes articuladores del discurso internacional del Presidente del Estado Plurinacional de Bolivia, Evo Morales Ayma
Authors: Trejos Rosero Luis Fernando
Published: June 2022

El presente trabajo, tiene como objetivo central evidenciar cuáles han sido los ejes temáticos que han articulado el discurso internacional del presidente Evo Morales Ayma, y cómo éstos perfilan la inserción internacional del Estado plurinacional de Bolivia. Para el desarrollo del trabajo primero se describe el contexto socio-político boliviano (2000-2006), y cómo éste se encuadra dentro de “la nueva izquierda latinoamericana”; posteriormente, se analizan tres discursos pronunciados por el presidente Morales ante la Organización de las Naciones Unidas (ONU), con el fin de encontrar elementos o rasgos comunes en su discurso internacional. El primer discurso fue pronunciado ante la Asamblea General de dicho organismo el día 19 de septiembre de 2006 (su primera intervención ante dicho organismo). El segundo, el 24 de septiembre de 2007 (Convocatoria para discutir sobre el cambio climático). El tercero y último fue pronunciado el día 17 de diciembre de 2009, en la XV Cumbre del Cambio Climático en Copenhague .
La democratización del narcotráfico
Authors: González Jorge
Published: June 2022

Este artículo describe las nuevas estrategias comerciales que los cárteles mexicanos están implementado para posicionarse en los negocios criminales dentro de los Estados Unidos y en distintos países de América Latina. Presenta una caracterización de los pactos que el narcotráfico está realizando con los grupos locales otorgando una mayor participación en los beneficios de la empresa. Se trata de un análisis regional del narcotráfico que permite ubicar el debate actual sobre la legalización de las drogas.
Instituciones y desarrollo económico: teoría, políticas e historia
Authors: Chang Ha-Joon
Published: June 2022

Este artículo busca avanzar en nuestro entendimiento del institucionalismo económico, examinando críticamente el actual discurso dominante sobre la relación entre instituciones y desarrollo económico. Primero, sostendré que el discurso sufre de un conjunto de problemas teóricos su rechazo a la línea de causalidad desde desarrollo a instituciones, su incapacidad de ver la imposibilidad del libre mercado, y su creencia de que el mercado más libre y con más fuerte protección a los derechos de propiedad privada es el mejor camino para el desarrollo económico. Segundo, propongo que la supuesta evidencia que muestra la superioridad de las instituciones liberales depende demasiado de estudios econométricos transversales, que sufren de conceptos defectuosos, medidas erróneas y muestras heterogéneas. Finalmente, sostengo que el discurso actualmente dominante sobre instituciones y desarrollo tiene un pobre entendimiento del cambio institucional mismo, lo que lo lleva usualmente a tener un optimismo indebido o unas posiciones pesimistas sobre la viabilidad de reformas institucionales.
El examen de la política exterior autonomista de Hugo Chávez (2004-2013): una propuesta de análisis
Authors: Figueroa Sepúlveda Margarita
Published: June 2022

El presente artículo analiza y examina la autonomía internacional desarrollada por la política exterior de Hugo Chávez con el objetivo de conocer el tipo de autonomía internacional que adquirió la política exterior de Venezuela durante su segunda etapa (2004- 2013), a través de una propuesta de marco de análisis para evaluar y tipificar una política exterior autonomista. De esta forma, se demuestra que la política exterior venezolana durante su segunda etapa de radicalización, logró solo una autonomía relativa y limitada en la arena internacional, debido a la ineficacia de las estrategias de política exterior empleadas y la poca sostenibilidad del proyecto político sustentado en los precios y ganancias del petróleo.
Aymaras ante el clivaje regionalista en Chile: etnicidad, recursos y autonomía polisémica
Authors: González Jaime A.
Published: June 2022

El clivaje de activación regionalista en Chile desde el 2010 ha sido polisémico entre los aymaras, pero con demandas ascendentes en favor de autonomía, mayores recursos y en favor de un claro reconocimiento étnico y cultural con influencia del empoderamiento indígena en Perú y Bolivia. Desde las entrevistas se aprecia una menor pretensión de territorio político ya que controlan los municipios del altiplano, aunque demandan autonomía y autodeterminación en genérico. Entonces, en coherencia con su tradición pactista, piden recursos y reconocimiento, más que cuestionar la estructura estatal. Se sostiene que los discursos subalternos demandan una mayor horizontalidad sobre el modo de construir país, tanto en el terreno político, económico y étnico. Desde la etnografía del habla se demuestra la estructuración polisémica de una demanda en las fronteras donde lo étnico es supranacional, lo que hace menos nítida la idea de regionalización.
La región de Coquimbo como actor internacional: aspiraciones y nudos críticos
Authors: Zaffiri Suzarte Francesca
Published: June 2022

El siguiente estudio de caso analiza la gestión de la Unidad Regional de Asuntos Internacionales de la IV Región de Coquimbo, Chile, territorio que ha contado con un activo despliegue de instrumentos de cooperación descentralizada, evidenciando una profundización en los actores y vías de acción en el sistema internacional. A partir de un análisis teórico conceptual para entender el protagonismo subnacional en el exterior, se indagará sobre los factores institucionales así como los actores que gestionan la inserción internacional a nivel regional. Debido a la débil autonomía de los gobiernos no centrales y la centralización de las competencias administrativas relativas a política exterior, se reflexiona sobre los nudos críticos que entorpecen las funciones de la URAI para dar cumplimiento al lineamiento de internacionalización del gobierno regional actual (2014-2018).
School principal roles during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Utama Gede Ari , Agung Anak Agung Gede , Candiasa I Made , Sunu Gusti Ketut Arya
Published: June 2022

School principal leadership has a vital role in school performance. The COVID-19 pandemic brings new challenges for the school principal leadership in developing countries. Thus, this study aimed to identify those new challenges. Specifically, this article explains the role of School Principal Leadership in facing those challenges in maintaining teachers' and students' performances, building parents' support, and applying government regulations. This study was conducted by following a systematic literature review approach. There were four steps conducted in this study: designing the review, conducting the review, analyzing, and writing the review. The researchers collected the data from the articles published in international journals indexed by Scopus. Then, the collected data were analyzed qualitatively using an interactive data analysis model. This study found that school principal leadership faces new challenges in maintaining the teachers' motivation to teach and students' motivation to study through online learning. Besides, the school principals also have to educate the parents to monitor their children's learning. At the same time, the school principals also need to ensure that the schools follow the government regulation on preventing the spread of COVID-19. The detailed findings and suggestions for further research are presented in this article.
role of Apelin, Adipsin and C-reactive protein in patients with chronic kidney disease
Authors: Altai Salma Zher Abdulla , Bakr Basheer Anwer , AL-Mahdawi Zaid Mohammed Mubarak
Published: June 2022

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a growing global health problem. The adipose tissue may directly affect the kidney through its activity as an endocrine gland through the secretion of adipokines. This study was a cross sectional which conducted in Kirkuk city for the period from June 2020 to September 2021.study population age ranged from (30 – 90) years old. The total of 80 subjects was separated to two groups as following: Kidney failure group: 65 patients and control group: 15 patients. The results referred to the increased levels of Apelin, Adipsin and C reactive protein (CRP) in CKD with highly significant differences (P≤0.01) when compared with control group, also a positive correlation was found between Adipsin and Apelin in the second stage (r = 0.742) , the third stage (r = 0.573) and in the fifth stage (r = 0.552).
novel concept specific deep learning for disease treatment prediction on patient trajectory data model
Authors: Kumar K. Arun , Vasundra S.
Published: June 2022

Prediction of diseases by researchers in healthcare industries and the different machine learning algorithms involved play an important role in disease prediction. Similarly, the prediction of patient trajectory data and its analysis also plays a vital role. A novel deep learning approach named Deep Concept Specific learning has been proposed for analyzing unstructured patient trajectory data. The proposed model is structured as a generic model suitable for any patient's medical disease. To evaluate the proposed model performance, the disease related to diabetes has been employed. It implies for autoencoder model, which has been optimized with hyper parameter tuning. It effectively transforms high dimensional features into low dimensional feature space to extract concept-specific features. It is implemented on the Further, all the parameters employed in the sparse features are manipulated. They are considered a loss and encoder function to compute the optimal features for effectively predicting the results. The encoder function maps the data points containing optimal features into latent representations based on disease characteristics. It is done from the patients' perspectives by the ReLu activation function based on generated feature characteristics.
Investigation of various medical wastes and its impact on environmental pollution
Authors: Yadava Anil Kumar , Talreja Sarika Chhabra , Ashwini Kumar , Rao Chitluri Narasimha , Sakhare D. T. , Rana Nisha
Published: June 2022

Medical waste is not given enough attention in India, which is one of the fastest economically developing countries in the world. The handling and disposal of sanitary ware by municipal employees, the public, and the great health of the environment creates risks. The amount and composition of medical waste will serve as a basis for a successful management plan if adequate and accurate information is available. Only 41 percent of medical waste disposal workers are properly trained, and only 38.9 percent of medical waste is properly divided. Medical waste made up of plastic products accounts for about 35 percent of the total. This is a sustainable resource recovery and recycling opportunity. More than enough infectious waste remains to prevent a storage catastrophe. Compliance with medical waste environmentally sustainable management in all countries is essential. There is currently no national law in place to govern medical waste management in India, but its 13 regional governments have adopted terms related to the management of medical waste for both health and environmental protection. Spanish regional law studies have yielded positive results in this article. Some differences in criteria were discovered in our study of sorting, collection, storage, transport, treatment, and removal procedures.
Effect of chewing Azadirachta indica (neem) and Ocimum sanctum (tulsi) leaves on salivary acidogenicity
Authors: Jain Arvind , Jain Deepika , Jain Sohil , Jaiswal Sumit , Goyal Ravi Kumar
Published: June 2022

Background: Ocimum sanctum (tulsi) and Azadirachta indica (neem) leaves has been suggested as an antibacterial mouthwash for youngsters.  Despite the fact that these herbal plants are having anti-cariogenic property, there are no research on their ability to reverse the cariogenic impacts of other diets.Aim: The purpose of this study was to see if chewing of O. sanctum and A. indica leaves following a cariogenic stimulus caused salivary pH reversal.Methods and Materials: Participants were randomly assigned to one of two groups: Category A  using A. indica plant leaves or Category B using O. sanctum leaves. Salivary samples were obtained at 5 minute, 30 minute, and 60 minute intervals after chewing out the herb leaves and completely expectorating to assess the salivary pH. A digital pH metre (HI 2211 pH/ORP Meter, Rhode Island, USA) was used to measure salivary pH, which was adjusted with standard sample solution of pH 4.0 and 7.0.Results: The salivary pH of both category A and category B children fell significantly after eating chocolate at 5 and 30 minutes and gradually restored to initial level after about 60 minutes.
Evaluation of salivary alkaline phosphatase levels in tobacco users to determine its role as a biomarker in oral potentially malignant disorders
Authors: Jain Arvind , Jain Deepika , Jain Sohil , Jaiswal Sumit , Goyal Ravi Kumar
Published: June 2022

Background:  Saliva, a widely obtainable oral fluid, has gained acceptability as a screening medium in numerous health disorders in recent years. It has the capacity to discern initial epithelial alterations in tobacco abusers and people with OPMD since it is in direct contact with the lesion. Although few reports have been conducted on the use of  concentration of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) enzyme  in serum as well as saliva of OSCC patients as a biomarker, more research is needed in OPMD.Aims and Objectives: The study's major goals were to measure S-ALP levels in smokers, nonsmokers, and people with OPMD. and to compare S ALP levels in smokers, nonsmokers, and people with OPMD.Materials and Methods: The 84 participants in the study ranged in age from 18 to 75 years old, and they were divided into four groups:Category One – People who don't smoke or chew tobacco and don't have any lesions on intraoral inspection (n = 24).
Knowledge & attitude of parents towards pediatric dental treatment for their child in COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Joshi Suyash , Ninawe Nupur , Kalaskar Ritesh , Bahadure Rakesh , Bahetwar Surendrakumar
Published: June 2022

Aim: -  The aim of this study was to evaluate the Knowledge & Attitude of parents towards Pediatric dental treatment for their child in view of covid-19 pandemic in India. Setting and design: A Cross sectional study. Materials and methods: A online cross-sectional study containing a structured self-administered questionnaire was designed in English language consisting of total 16 close ended multiple choice questions that were divided based on the demographic data, knowledge and attitude of participating parents. Results: A structured questionnaire was sent to 247 parents of age group between 20-50 years. An observed result was compare accordingly with gender and age group. When we looked for knowledge based questions it was observed that young parents were found to be more aware regarding children affecting more covid-19 pandemic than compared to older age parents and this difference is highly significant (p=<0.005). 61.3% female and 43.9% male parents preferred dental treatment for their child and variation in the responses were found when asked regarding hospital based dental treatment with (p= 0.024 & 0.032) respectively. Conclusion: - Most of the parents kept themselves updated about information regarding covid-19 vaccination, protocols and preventive measure for their children.
Relevance of Sri Aurobindo’s philosophy of education to national education policy 2020
Authors: Zaki Saman
Published: June 2022

The National Education Policy (NEP) 2020 aims to turn India into a ‘vibrant knowledge-driven society’ by designing a ‘India-Centric’ education ecosystem capable of disseminating high-quality education to all in a sustainable way. In this pursuit, it is necessary to review the educational philosophy of great Indian philosophers. The paper presents the relevance of Sri Aurobindo’s educational philosophy to NEP 2020.   In this vein, Prime Minister, Narendra Modi informed to Indian people about Aurobindo’s vision of national education on which NEP 2020 is founded during his monthly radio broadcast on Mann ki Baat , on 29th November 2020. From this perspective the present paper explored, examined, and explicated the Aurobindo’s educational philosophy regarding NEP 2020 themes.
Efficacy and Safety of Albumin-bound Paclitaxel Versus Solvent-based Paclitaxel in Breast Cancer: A Meta-analysis
Authors: Zhu Fengchang , Liu Chengyin , Zhang Huaji , Bai Liping
Published: June 2022

Objective:

A meta-analysis was performed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of albumin-bound paclitaxel (Nab-PTX) versus solvent-based paclitaxel (Sb-PTX) for breast cancer.

Methods:

In this systematic review and network meta-analysis, we searched databases including PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane-Library, for randomized controlled trials on the safety and efficacy of Nab-PTX and Sb-PTX for breast cancer. Pathologic complete response (pCR), objective response rate (ORR), and adverse events (AEs) were collated and analyzed using the meta-package in the R language.

Results:

A total of 13 studies (comprising 4252 patients) met the inclusion criteria, in which 9 studies adopted neoadjuvant chemotherapy and 4 adopted d conventional chemotherapy for breast cancer. Trails with neoadjuvant chemotherapy revealed that Nab-PTX resulted in a significantly higher pCR (0.280 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.218-0.341]) and a higher ORR (0.822 [95% CI: 0.719-0.924]) versus Sb-PTX (0.163 [95% CI: 0.098-0.227], 0.770 [95% CI: 0.681-0.859]). In conventional chemotherapy, Sb-PTX and Nab-PTX showed a similar ORR (0.343 [95% CI: 0.204-0.483] vs. 0.438 [95% CI: 0.317-0.559] [odds ratio=1.53, 95% CI: 0.88-2.67]. In terms of AEs, the incidence of all grade-peripheral sensory neuropathy (PSN) and grade≥3 PSN for Sb-PTX was 0.392 (95% CI: 0.243-0.541) and 0.020 (95% CI: 0.009-0.031), and for Nab-PTX was 0.591 (95% CI: 0.452-0.729) and 0.087 (95% CI: 0.046-0.031).

Conclusion:

Neoadjuvant chemotherapy using Nab-PTX significantly enhanced the pCR and ORR of breast cancer patients, while conventional chemotherapy showed no significant pCR and ORR benefits. Given the significantly increased incidence of PSN, neoadjuvant chemotherapy using Nab-PTX requires caution in its clinical application.
Conceptual Study of Yuvanpidika W. S. R. ToAcne Vulgaris: A Review
Authors: Rohilla Dr.Prayasha , Sevatkar Dr.Balkrishan
Published: June 2022

Ayurvedais the science of life which described the Hitaand Ahitatowards Ayu.If man doesn’t follow the rules described in Ayurveda, it leads to imbalance of Doshaultimately this produces different disorders. Yuvanpidikais one of Kshudrarogas which mainlyaffects the skin of face. According to Ayurvedatext it occurs due to imbalance of Kapha,Vata, and Rakta. Acne is as chronic inflammatory condition of the pilosebaceous follicles on face and sometimes on chest and upper back also mostly affect almost 85%of teenagers.