bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
When Somerset Invaded Ayrshire: A Story of Scottish Cheese, 1790–1890
Authors: Atkins Peter J.
Published: November 2022

There are certain commodities that are part of the taken-for-granted background of Scottishness. Cheese is one of them. Dunlop, in particular, has been around since the eighteenth century but, despite its iconic status, its biography has yet to be fully explored. This paper is a preliminary probe, suggesting that Dunlop and its main rival, Scottish Cheddar, were locked in a struggle for pride of place in the national palate. The story is a complex one of knowledge transfer of cheesemaking techniques from Somerset in South-West England coupled with innovation and popularisation by Scottish cheesemakers. One comparative measure of value and quality referred to is price, as derived from newspapers such as the Caledonian Mercury. This shows that traditional Dunlop was less valued than Cheddar in the Scottish market. Lesser demand, lower price, and lower esteem all then contributed to a rethink about the Dunlop system of cheesemaking. From the 1850s onwards Dunlop was increasingly made using elements of the Cheddar recipe and techniques, and by 1890 the two cheeses were indistinguishable in taste and texture. Overall, the paper reassesses a number of actors and events that between them transformed Scottish cheese in the period 1790 to 1890.
Investigating the effect of Grammatical Competence Strategies in teaching writing skills
Authors: Mahdi Khlood Safaa , Ismail Najwa Yassin
Published: November 2022

This study aims to implement grammatical competence strategies (inductive, inductive, and interactive) in developing students' writing in grammar and their attitudes towards English as a foreign language. To achieve the purpose of the study, the researchers applied the tools to target a sample of second intermediate-grade female students at Maysaloon Girls School in two groups, Experimental and control were used in this study. The experimental group was taught the inductive, deductive, and interactive strategies, and the control group studied the traditional way method. While at a time when new trends in language teaching encourage the use of interactive methods of stimulation and maintaining student interest, and the constant tendency to retain a teacher-centred approach to teaching English grammar is counterproductive. The most effective methods currently available are monotonous by heart. Learning needs no longer dominate the main part of the lesson. The interactive strategy is multi-skilled and learner-centred and designed to teach a specific grammatical concept will also be introduced. To answer the main research question of whether inductive, deductive, and interactive methods are so, the researchers used a more effective introductory method of teaching grammar instead of the traditional method, so grammatical competence plays a significant role in students’ language. When students have Grammatical Competence, they will be able to develop their writing comprehension.
KARAKTERISTIK SENSORI DAN KOMPOSISI PROKSIMAT SAOS KERANG POKEA (Batissa violacea var celebensis von Martens 1897) DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN SARI NANAS (Ananas comosus)
Authors: Kartini Kartini , Asnani Asnani , Suwarjoyowirayatno Suwarjoyowirayatno
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT          The aims of this study was to determine the sensory and chemical characteristics of pokea clam sauce using pineapple extract with different concentrations. This study used a complete randomized design (CRD) with four treatments, based on the use of pokea shellfish and pineapple extract at concentrations of: 40%: 60% (P1), 50%: 50% (P2), 60%: 40%. (P3), 70%: 30% (P4). The results of the sensory test, showed that the use of different material concentrations has no significant effect on the hedonic sensory value of appearance, taste, aroma, and texture, but on the descriptive sensory value of appearance and taste has a significant effect. The pokea clam sauce with the highest descriptive sensory rating was in the P1, with the specifications of the sauce produced having an appearance with a dark brown color, no impurities, an added aroma of spices, a rather pleasant taste with sufficient salty taste, and a less thick but homogeneous texture. The proximat value of pokea clam sauce with protein, water, ash, carbohydrates, and pH were 1.26%, 71.43%, 10.85% , 4.74% and 18.39%, 3.48 respectively.Keywords: Batissa violacea, clam sauce, pokea clams, pineappleABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik sensori dan proksimat saos kerang pokea mengunakan sari nanas dengan konsentrasi berbeda. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkakap (RAL) dengan empat perlakuan yaitu dengan penggunaan daging kerang pokea dan sari nanas pada konsentrasi berturut-turut: 40%:60%  (P1), 50%:50% (P2), 60%:40% (P3), 70%:30% (P4). Berdasarkan  hasil uji sensori, menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan konsentrasi bahan yang berbeda  berpengaruh tidak nyata terhadap nilai sensori hedonik kenampakan, rasa, aroma, dan tekstur, namun pada nilai sensori deskriptif kenampakan dan rasa berpengaruh nyata. Saos dengan penilaian sensori deskriptif tertinggi yaitu pada sampel P1, dengan spesifikasi saos yang dihasilkan memiliki kenampakan dengan warna coklat tua, tidak ada kotoran, terdapat aroma tambahan rempah, rasa agak enak dengan rasa asin yang cukup, dan tekstur yang kurang kental namun homogen. Nilai proksimat protein, air, abu, lemak, karbohidrat dan pH dengan nilai 1,26%,  71,43%, 10,85%,  4,74%, 18,39% dan 3,48.Kata kunci: batissa violacea, kerang pokea, nanas, saos kerang
Analisis Organoleptik Ikan Layang (Decapterus sp.) Pindang Dengan Asam Alami
Authors: Juliana Juliana , Ibrahim Mohamad Nuh , Huli La Ode
Published: November 2022

Penelitian menggambarkan pengaruh asam jeruk nipis, asam belimbing wuluh, dan asam jawa terhadap nilai organoleptik. Metode Rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) terdiri dari empat perlakuan, tanpa tambahan asam (P0) asam jeruk nipis (P1), asam belimbing wuluh (P2), dan asam jawa (P3) dengan 3 kali ulangan. Data yang di peroleh menggunakan analisis ragam (ANOVA). Hasil penelitian menunjukan nilai Kenampakan tertinggi P1: 7,57, nilai terendah P3: 7,43. Nilai Bau tertinggi P1: 7,91, nilai terendah P3: 7,63. Nilai Rasa tertinggi P3: 8,03 nilai terendah P2: 7,86. Nilai terkstur tertinggi P1: 7,71, nilai terendah, P3: 7,36.
Uji Proksimat,Senyawa FitokimiaDanKandungan Aktivitas Antioksidan Teripang Keling (Holothuria atra)Segar, KukusDanKering DariPerairan Desa Batu Jaya Kecamatan Laonti KabupatenKonawe Selatan
Authors: Lolopayung Windriani Citra Lestari , Haslianti Haslianti , Huli La Ode
Published: November 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui nilai proksimat, nilai fitokimia dan nilai aktivitas antioksidan teripang keling (Holothuria atra) segar, kukus dan kering. Parameter yang diuji yaitu proksimat (kadar air, protein, lemak, abu dan karbohidrat), senyawa fitokimia (alkaloid, flavonoid, tanin, steroid, triterpenoid dan saponin) dan aktivitas antioksidan.Rancangan penelitian yang digunakan adalah rancangan statistik biasa dengan nilai rata-rata standar deviasi yang terdiri 3 perlakuan dan 3 kali ulangan sehingga ada 9 unit percobaan.Hasil penelitian ini diperoleh dengan nilai proksimat tertinggi kadar air pada perlakuan teripang segar dengan nilai 85,3%. Kadar abu dan kadar karbohidrat tertinggi terdapat pada perlakuan teripang kukus dengan nilai 19,28% dan 4,61%. Kadar protein dan kadar lemak tertinggi terdapat pada perlakuan teripang kering dengan nilai 78,12% dan 0,80%. Uji senyawa fitokimia teripang keling (Holothuria atra) mengandung senyawa steroid, triterpenoid dan saponin. Aktivitas antioksidan teripang pada IC50 berkisar 4616,35 ppm3785,92 ppm, nilai IC50 terendah terdapat pada perlakuan teripang segar dengan nilai 3785,92 ppm kategori lemah
Kajian Organoleptik dan Kadar Air Ikan Terbang (Hirundichtys oxycephalus) Asin Yang Dipasarkan Di Kecamatan Batauga
Authors: Ibrahim Mohamad Nuh , Erfiana Erfiana , Suwarjoyowirayatno Suwarjoyowirayatno
Published: November 2022

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui nilai organoleptik dan nilai kadar air ikan terbang asin yang dipasarkan di Kecamatan Batauga Kabupaten Buton Selatan. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) yang terdiri tiga perlakuan yaitu (A1) Desa Lampanairi, (A2) Desa Bola, (A3) Desa Majapahit. Masing-masing perlakuan dengan 3 kali ulangan sehingga diperoleh 9 unit percobaan. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan sidik ragam (Analysis of Varian), apabila perlakuan berpengaruh nyata terhadap parameter uji, maka dilanjutkan dengan uji Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT) pada taraf kepercayaan 95% (α=0,05). Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa nilai rupa tertinggi terdapat pada A1; 7,3, bau, A3 ; 7,8, dan tekstur A2 ; 7,9. Nilai kadar air terendah terdapat pada perlakuan A2 dengan nilai 36,5%. Dari DMRT menunjukan bahwa perlakuan berpengaruh  nyata terhadap nilai rupa, bau dan kadar air. Tetapi nilai tekstur berpengaruh tidak nyata
KOMPOSISI PROKSIMAT RUMPUT LAUT HIJAU ASAL PANTAI TELUK SEPANG KOTA BENGKULU
Authors: Herliany Nurlaila Ervina
Published: November 2022

Green seaweesd has a high abundance in Indonesia, including on Teluk Sepang Beach, Bengkulu City. However, until now, there is no information about the composition of the green seaweeds from Teluk Sepang Beach, Bengkulu City. This research was held to determine proximate composition of dry green seaweeds from Teluk Sepang Beach, Bengkulu City. This research was conducted from November 2021-April 2022. Green seaweeds was taken from Teluk Sepang Beach. Sample preparation and moisture content were carried out at the Fisheries Laboratory, and for other proximate analyzes (ash content, protein content, fat content, carbohydrate content, and crude fiber) were carried out at the Animal Husbandry Laboratory. The methode of moisture content, ash content, fat content, protein content, and crude fiber refer to the AOAC (2016), while the carbohydrate content based on by difference which refers to FAO (2002). From 6 species of green seaweeds, the largest composition is carbohydrates (27.44±2.80%-50.49±3.27%) and ash (12.23±0.44%-41.22±0.06%) which plays an important role in the intake of nutrients for humans and the food industry. The protein content (0.50±0.03%-4.81±0.17%) and crude fat (0.40±0.00%-2.40±0.30%) is relatively low, so green seaweeds is good for health. Crude fiber (1.37±0.00%-6.26±0.10%.) is relatively low, but not different from several existing studies.Keywords:green seaweeds, proximate composition, Teluk Sepang Beach
KARAKTERISTIK FISIK SURIMI IKAN NILA (Oreochromis sp. ) BERDASARKAN PERBEDAAN PROSES PENCUCIAN MENGGUNAKAN NaHCO3 DAN NaCl
Authors: Nadia Laode Muhamad Hazairin , Elvira Illian , Huli La Ode , Nafilawati Wa Ode , Rejeki Sri , Effendy Waode Nilda Arifiana
Published: November 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik fisik surimi ikan nila (Oreochromis sp.) dengan perbedaan proses pencucian menggunakan NaHCO3 dan NaCl. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kuantitatif dengan model Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) satu faktor perlakuan yaitu pencucian lumatan daging ikan nila yang terdiri dari   4 taraf perlakuan dan masing - masing dilakukan 3 kali pengulangan, perlakuannya yaitu perlakuan A (kontrol atau tanpa NaHCO3 dan NaCl),perlakuan B (NaHCO30,4% dan NaCl 0,3%), perlakuan C (NaHCO30,5% dan NaCl 0,3%) dan perlakuanD (NaHCO30,6% dan NaCl 0,3%). Parameter fisik yang diuji yaitu rendemen, derajat putih, Water Holding Capacity (WHC), uji lipat (folding test) dan uji gigit (teeth cutting test). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pencucian dengan NaHCO3dan NaCl berpengaruh nyata terhadap nilai parameter fisik (kekuatan gel, derajat putih, WHC, uji lipat dan uji gigit) surimi ikan nila (p<0,05). Hasil rendemen tertinggi surimi ikan nila pada perlakuanD sebesar (34,98%), sedangkan terendah pada perlakuan A (33,13%). Hasil pengukuran dari parameter fisik menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan D sebagai perlakuan terbaik dengankekuatan gel 690,24 g.cm, derajat putih 66,94%, WHC 68,46%, uji lipat 4,89 dan uji gigit 8,75. Kata Kunci: ikan nila, karakteristik fisik, NaCl, NaHCO3, surimi
ANALISIS KANDUNGAN LOGAM BERAT TIMBAL, KADMIUM DAN MERKURI PADA MINYAK IKAN YANG DIPASARKAN DI WILAYAH SULAWESI TENGGARA
Authors: Huli La Ode , Nadia Laode Muhamad Hazairin , Effendy Waode Nilda Arifiana , Sarifin Abdul
Published: November 2022

Logam berat timbal (Pb), kadmium (Cd) dan merkuri (Hg) merupakan logam yang memiliki toksisitas yang sangat tinggi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kandungan logam berat Pb, Cd, dan Hg pada minyak ikan yang dipasarkan di wilayah Sulawesi Tenggara. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif dengan menggunakan teknik pengambilan sampel (Purposive sampling). Ada 3 sampel minyak ikan yang diperoleh dari tiga pasar berbeda di wilayah Sulawesi tenggara yaitu pasar 1 (M1), pasar 2 (M2), dan pasar 3 (M3) yang akan dianalisa kandungan logam beratnya dengan menggunakan alat Spektrofotometer Serapan Atom (AAS). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kandungan logam berat tertinggi di temukan pada sampel minyak ikan M2 yaitu timbal (Pb) sebesar 0,0012 mg/l dan kadmium (Cd) sebesar 0018 mg/l dan terendah ditemukan pada sampel M1 mengandung timbal dan kadmium (Pb dan Cd) sebesar 0,0011 mg/l sedangkan logam berat merkuri (Hg) baik pada M1, M2 dan M3 tidak ditemukan. Kandungan logam berat pada M1, M2 dan M3 masih berada dibawah ambang batas yang ditetapkan oleh SNI untuk pangan dan BPOM dalam pangan olahan.
Eksplorasi Etnomatematika Alionda Masyarakat Buton Utara
Authors: Hariyani Ode Nining , Kadir Kadir , Anggo Mustamin
Published: November 2022

Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi konsep etnomatematika yang terkandung pada Alionda masyarakat Buton Utara. Teknik pengumpulan data penelitian ini adalah wawancara semi terstuktur. Pemeriksaan keabsahan data dilakukan dengan triangulasi sumber. Sumber data penelitian ini berasal dari masyarakat Buton Utara yang memahami betul tentang Alionda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Alionda adalah Tradisi masyarakat Buton Utara yang berarti merangkaikan tangan. Alionda masyarakat Buton Utara tersebut memuat beberapa konsep  matematika yaitu: (a) Himpunan; (b) Peluang; (c) Lingkaran; (d) relasi. Adegan Alionda yang dimaksud adalah adegan mekoka dan adegan melionda. Konsep matematika yang digunakan dalam Alionda masyarakat Buton Utara tersebut mempunyai kesamaan dengan konsep matematika formal di Sekolah.Kata kunci: Etnomatematika, AliondaAbstract: This study aimed to explore the concept of ethnomathematics in Alionda of North Buton society. The data collection technique of this study was a semi-structured interview. The data validation test was carried out using triangulation of the source. The data source of this study was from North Buton society who fully understood Alionda. The results of the study showed that Alionda is a tradition of North Buton society, which means to join hands. Alionda of North Buton society contains several mathematical concepts, including: (a) Set; (b) Probability; (c) Circle; (d) Relation. The Alionda scenes include the mekoka scene and the melionda scene. The mathematical concept used in Alionda of North Buton society has similarities with the concept of formal mathematics in the School. Keywords: Ethnomathematics, Alionda
Analisis Kesalahan Menyelesaikan Masalah Kontekstual Ditinjau Dari Gender
Authors: Putri Rini , Lambertus Lambertus , Sudia Muhammad
Published: November 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan tentang jenis dan  penyebab kesalahan siswa kelas VIII SMP Negeri 8 Kendari dalam menyelesaikan masalah kontekstual serta pengaruh gender dalam menyelesaikan masalah kontekstual tersebut. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini meliputi: (1) tes yang digunakan untuk mengetahui letak kesalahan siswa dalam menyelesaiakan masalah kontekstual serta adakah pengaruh gender di dalamnya; (2) wawancara yang digunakan untuk mendapatkan data faktor penyebab kesalahan. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian kesalahan menyelesaikan soal kontekstual yang dilakukan oleh siswa kelas VIII SMP Negeri 8 Kendari di antaranya adalah sebagai berikut:(1) subjek laki-laki berkemampuan matematika tinggi melakukan kesalahan membaca (reading errors), kesalahan transformasi (transform errors), kesalahan keterampilan proses (process skill errors), dan kesalahan penulisan jawaban akhir (encoding). (2) subjek laki-laki berkemampuan matematika sedang mengalami kesalahan keterampilan proses (process skil errors) dan kesalahan penentuan jawaban akhir (encoding). (3) subjek laki-laki berkemampuan matematika rendah melakukan kesalahan memahami masalah (comprehension), kesalahan transformasi (transform errors), kesalahan keterampilan proses (process skil errors)  dan kesalahan penulisan jawaban akhir (encoding). Sedangkan Jenis kesalahan yang dilakukan siswa perempuan dalam menyelesaikan masalah kontekstual berdasarkan analisis Newman, sebagai berikut: (1) subjek perempuan berkemampuan matematika tinggi melakukan kesalahan keterampilan proses (process skil errors) dan kesalahan penulisan jawaban akhir (encoding). (2) subjek perempuan berkemampuan matematika sedang melakukan kesalahan penulisan jawaban akhir (encoding). (3) subjek perempuan berkemampuan  matematika rendah melakukan kesalahan memahami masalah (comprehension), kesalahan transformasi masalah (transform errors), kesalahan keterampilan proses (process skill errors) dan kesalahan penulisan jawaban akhir (encoding). Adapun faktor penyebab siswa laki-laki dan perempuan melakukan kesalahan karena: (1) tidak memahami masalah dalam soal, (2) lupa, tidak teliti dan tergesa-gesa.
Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe Student Team Learning untuk Meningkatkan Aktivitas dan Hasil Belajar Matematika Materi Lingkaran Siswa
Authors: Ilmiati Ilmiati
Published: November 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan aktivitas dan hasil belajar  siswa dalam pelajaran Matematika pada siswa kelas VI SD Negeri 8 Watopute  dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran Kooperatif tipe Student Team Learning. Penelitian ini merupakan Penelitian Tindakan Kelas. Subjek penelitian adalah siswa kelas VI SD Negeri 8 Watopute. Objek penelitian adalah keseluruhan proses dan hasil pembelajaran Matematika dengan penerapan model Kooperatif tipe Student Team Learning. Instrumen  yang digunakan adalah lembar observasi. Teknik analisis data dilakukan secara deskriptif kuantitatif. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dalam 2 siklus dengan menerapkan model Kooperatif tipe Student Team Learning. Langkah-langkah pembelajaran yang dilaksanakan yaitu perubahan dalam penyampaian materi pelajaran, siswa menganalisis permasalahan, pembentukan kelompok diskusi dengan mengubah pengelompokan siswa yang didasari dari prestasinya, siswa berpasangan untuk berdiskusi, perwakilan kelompok siswa menyampaikan hasil diskusi di depan kelas. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa aktivitas dan hasil belajar siswa kelas VI SD Negeri 8 Watopute  meningkat setelah digunakannya model Kooperatif tipe Student Team Learning dalam pembelajaran Matematika dengan materi pokok lingkaran. Peningkatan ini terbukti pada peningkatan aktivitas dan hasil belajar siswa dari skor rerata pra tindakan sebesar 60,79 menjadi 68,06 pada siklus I dan meningkat menjadi 76,88 pada siklus II. Siswa yang mencapai kriteria keberhasilan mengalami peningkatan dari 40,63% pada pra tindakan menjadi 65,63% pada siklus I dan meningkat menjadi 93,75% pada siklus II. Hasil observasi juga menunjukkan peningkatan aktifitas siswa dari siklus I ke siklus II, yaitu sebanyak 28,12% siswa kegiatannya meningkat antara lain: siswa aktif dalam pembelajaran, siswa lebih leluasa dalam mencari dan mengumpulkan informasi yang diinginkan, dan siswa juga memiliki lebih banyak kesempatan untuk belajar bersama teman.
Analisis Kemampuan Penalaran Matematis Siswa Kelas VII MTs Negeri 1 Kendari Ditinjau Dari Kecemasan Matematika
Authors: Fatimah M Wa Ode , Kadir Kadir , Salam Mohamad
Published: November 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kemampuan penalaran matematis siswa ditinjau dari kecemasan matematika. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksploratif dengan pendekatan gabungan kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di kelas VII MTs Negeri 1 Kendari pada kelas yang menunjukkan kecemasan dalam belajar matematika dengan subjek sebanyak 20 siswa. Instrumen utama penelitian ini adalah peneliti sendiri. Instrumen bantu penelitian ini ada tiga, yaitu angket kecemasaan matematika, tes kemampuan penalaran matematis, dan pedoman wawancara yang telah memenuhi aspek validitas dan reliabilitas berdasarkan pertimbangan panelis ahli. Setelah siswa diberi angket kecemasan matematika dan tes kemampuan penalaran matematis. Peneliti mengambil dua orang siswa dengan kecemasan tinggi dan rendah untuk dilakukan wawancara berbasis tugas. Analisis data penelitian ini menggunakan dua jenis analisis statistik, yaitu analisis statistik deskriptif kuantitatif dan kualitatif serta analisis statistik inferensial dengan menggunakan uji korelasi pada α = 0,05. Analisis data kualitatif menggunakan model analisis Miles dan Huberman, yaitu: reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Pengujian keabsahan data menggunakan triangulasi waktu dan teknik Hasil analisis data menunjukkan bahwa siswa cukup cemas terhadap matematika dengan rata-rata kecemasan matematika sebesar 85,1, Siswa gelisah ketika belajar dan mengikuti tes matematika sehingga kemampuan penalaran matematis siswa rendah dengan rata-rata sebesar 30,625. Meskipun demikian, tidak ada korelasi yang signifikan antara kecemasan matematika dengan kemampuan penalaran matematis dengan koefisien korelasi sebesar -0,197, nilai sig = 0,405 > 0,05. Kecemasan matematika siswa ditunjukkan melalui rasa mual, berkeringat dingin, jantung berdebar, sakit kepala, dan sulit berkonsentrasi. Siswa mengalami kesulitan membuat generalisasi, melakukan manipulasi matematis, dan menarik kesimpulan. Guru perlu berupaya menurunkan tingkat kecemasan matematis siswa.
Upaya Mengatasi Kesulitan Guru dalam Menyusun Instrumen Tes Berpikir Tingkat Tinggi
Authors: Hartono Hartono , Makkulau Makkulau , Samparadja Hafiludin
Published: November 2022

Kemampuan berpikir tingkat tinggi meliputi ranah menganalisis,mengevaluasi, danmengkreasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui upaya mengatasi kesulitan guru menyusun instrument tes berpikir tingkat tinggi dan solusi yang ditempuh untuk mengatasi kesulitan guru menyusun instrumen tes berpikir tingkat tinggi. Jenis penelitianadalah penelitiankualitatif.Subjekpenilitian yaitu Guru SMP Negeri1 Soropia. Hasil wawancara pada Subjek 1 dan 2, masih mengalami kesulitan dalam menyusun instrumen tes HOTS disebabkan kurangnya pemahamanmengenai karakteristik soalHOTS. Penyebab kesulitan guru menyusun soal HOTS adalah belum memahami perbedaan LOTS dan HOTS sehingga penyusunan soal UTS atau UAS terdapat beberapa soal yang masih termasuk kategori soal LOTS. Disebabkan kurangnya media diskusimengenai karakteristik soal HOTS seperti membacamodul-modul HOTS. Solusi guru untuk mengatasi kesulitanmenyusun instrumen tes berpikir tingkat tinggi adalah menganalisis KD soal-soal HOTS, menyusun kisi-kisi soal, merumuskan Stimulus yang Menarik dan Kontekstual, menulis butir pertanyaan sesuai dengan kisi-kisi soal, Membuat pedoman penskoran.
Analisis Keterampilan Metakognisi Siswa dalam Memecahkan Masalah Matematika Ditinjau dari Perbedaan Gender Siswa Kelas VIII SMP Negeri 1 Pomalaa
Authors: Rahasmi Dian , Adam Pasrun , Awaluddin Awaluddin
Published: November 2022

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis keterampilan metakognisi siswa dalam memecahkan masalah matematika oleh subjek laki-laki dan perempuan. Jenis penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode deskriptif. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dilakukan melalui kegiatan penyelesaian masalah sistem persamaan linear dua variabel oleh subjek penelitian secara tertulis, think aloud dan wawancara. Data yang diperoleh selanjutnya ditriangulasi melalui pemberian masalah baru yang setara untuk diselesaikan pada saat waktu yang berbeda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa, 1) Siswa laki-laki melibatkan proses metakognisi dalam memecahkan masalah matematika cukup lengkap. Pada setiap tahapan pemecahan masalah, hanya ada satu tahap subjek tidak melibatkan aktivitas metakognisinya yaitu tahap monitoring. Hal ini mengindikasikan bahwa subjek laki-laki cukup baik dalam menyadari dan mengatur berpikirnya selama proses pemecahan masalah. 2) Siswa perempuan melibatkan aktivitas metakognisi lebih banyak dan lengkap dalam memecahkan masalah matematika . Pada setiap tahapan pemecahan masalah matematika subjek perempuan melibatkan aktivitas metakognisinya secara lengkap yaitu planning, monitoring dan reflektion. Hal ini mengindikasikan bahwa kemampuan subjek perempuan memiliki kemampuan yang sangat baik dalam menyadari dan menngatur berpikirnya selama proses memecahkan masalah matematika.
Modul Matematika Pecahan Berbasis Makanan Tradisional Untuk Mengembangkan Hots Siswa Kelas VII SMP
Authors: Ainun Handayanir Sri , Kadir Kadir , Salam Mohamad
Published: November 2022

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menghasilkan modul matematika yang valid, praktis dan efektif untuk mengembangkan HOTS siswa. Jenis penelitian ini adalah pengembangan. Model pengembangan yang digunakan adalah modifikasi model Plomp terdiri dari tahap investigasi awal (preliminary research), desain (design), realisasi/ konstruksi (realization/ construction) dan penilaian (assessment). Subjek penelitian ini adalah 3 orang dosen Pendidikan Matematika Pascasarjana Universitas Halu Oleo, 2 orang guru matematika dan 36 orang siswa kelas VII SMP Negeri 1 Toari. Objek penelitian ini adalah pengembangan HOTS melalui pengembangan modul matematika berbasis makanan tradisional. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan yaitu angket validasi modul, angket uji keterbacaan modul, angket respon siswa dan angket respon guru. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa modul yang dikembangkan memenuhi kriteria valid, praktis dan efektif untuk mengembangkan HOTS siswa.
Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran React Terhadap Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Matematis Ditinjau dari Self Regulated Learning Siswa
Authors: Noerjuniaty Noerjuniaty , Busnawir Busnawir , Misu La
Published: November 2022

Rendahnya pemahaman pemecahan masalah matematis siswa masih menjadi kendala utama karena kurangnya aktivitas siswa dalam pembelajaran sehingga menarik untuk dikaji.Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk melihat perbedaan pengaruh model pembelajaran REACT dan model pembelajaran generatif terhadap kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis ditinjau dari self regulated learning siswa. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian quasi eksperimen dengan desain posttest only control desain. Sampel penelitian ini adalah  siswa kelas VIII1 dansiswa kelas VIII2 SMP Negeri 19 Kendari tahun ajaran 2021/2022yang diambil secarasimple random sampling. Penentuan kelas eksperimen I dan kelas eksperimen II dilakukan secara random sampling. Untuk perbedaan pengaruh pemecahan masalah matematis siswa kedua kelas digunakan uji independent sample t – test. Hasil uji independent sample t – test menunjukkan bahwa kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis siswa SMP Negeri 19 Kendari masih tergolong cukup antara siswa yang diajar dengan model pembelajaran REACT dan model pembelajaran generatif. Namun untuk kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis siswa yang diajar dengan kedua model tersebut tidak terdapat perbedaan pengaruh yang signifikan. Kemudian untuk kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis siswa yang diajar dengan model pembelajaran REACT dan generatif ditinjau dari kategori self regulated learning siswa, pada kategori tinggi, tidak terdapat perbedaan pengaruh dan pada kategori rendah terdapat perbedaan pengaruh yang signifikan. Selain itu diperoleh bahwa terdapat perbedaan pengaruh yang signifikan untuk kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis siswa yang diajar dengan pembelajaran REACT yang memiliki self regulated tinggi dan rendah, dan siswa yang diajar dengan pembelajaran generatif yang memiliki self regulated learning tinggi dan rendah. Dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan bahwa secara signifikan kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis siswa yang diajar dengan pembelajaran generatif lebih tinggi dari siswa yang diajar dengan pembelajaran REACT
How Criminal Governance Undermines Elections
Authors: Trudeau Jessie
Published: November 2022

How does criminal governance affect elections? Existing accounts explore various types of politician-criminal group relationships, but have largely overlooked the reasons why criminal groups might be appealing candidate partners. This paper considers why criminal groups might be effective brokers, arguing that criminal groups deliver votes through two mechanisms: (1) corralling mobilizes residents to the polls and (2) gatekeeping prevents rival candidates from accessing voters. I use a natural experiment that leverages exogenous variation in voter assignment and a novel dataset on criminal governance to test my theory in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. I show that corralling increases turnout and influences vote choice, and gatekeeping restricts the candidate pool. Together, these mechanisms decrease electoral competitiveness. I illustrate the logic underpinning these brokerage relationships using in-person interviews and anonymous voter complaints. These findings bring together the literatures on clientelism and criminal governance to show why politicians might be motivated to hire criminals.
EFFICIENCY OF SYMBIOSIS OF HOP ALFALFA WITH NEW RHIZOBIA STRAINS
Authors: Stepanova Galina
Published: November 2022

New strains of Sinorhizobium meliloti were isolated from nodules of wild hop alfalfa growing in different districts of the Moscow region. Strain LX1 was isolated from the nodules of wild hop alfalfa, on the basis of which the Mira variety was created. Strain LX6 was isolated from alfalfa living in conditions of very low fertility and moisture deficiency at the Ivankovo reservoir dam. Strains LX2 and LX5 — on the railway embankment, LX3 and LX4 — on a relatively fertile area of the meadow. In the field experiment, LX1 strains provided the highest efficiency of symbiosis with the hop-shaped alfalfa variety. The increase in productivity for dry matter reached 81%, for seeds 87%. The LX6 strain increased seed yield by 86%. The best results for the selection number VIK 32-28 were obtained by inoculation with strains LX4 and LX6. Productivity for dry matter increased by 26 and 21%, for seeds — by 112 and 150%. In the vegetation experiment, an accelerated method of selecting highly effective macro- and micro symbionts in non-sterile conditions was optimized. On the 35th day after the emergence of seedlings, the herbage capacity was visually determined. The most powerful were the plant-microbial systems "variety of the Mira + strains LX3, LX6, LX2 and LX1". The height of elongated shoots was 11.8 ± 1.5 … 15.3 ± 1.6 cm, bushiness of 3.7 ± 0.5 … 4.0 ± 0.6 stems, symbiosis efficiency of 18–102%. Positive correlations were revealed between productivity and plant height (r = 0.42 ± 0.40), bushiness (r = 0.57 ± 0.36), number of nodules (r = 0.62 ± 0.35).
Optimal Design for Thermodynamic System with OpenModelica and MATLAB/Simulink
Authors: Yoshida Kazuki , Ono Hitoi , Okazaki Hirotaka
Published: November 2022

The complicated thermodynamic system includes nonlinear characteristics and is expressed by high order differential algebraic equations. Therefore, it is difficult to carry out numerical analysis such as optimization. To deal with this problem, we verify an integrated design support environment incorporating OpenModelica for a centrifugal chiller as an example. In this paper, it is shown that the parameters of the model and the control logic can be adjusted by the coupled simulation of the chiller model written in the Modelica language and the control logic on MATLAB/Simulink. We also simplify the centrifugal chiller model by approximating the nonlinear characteristics with a smooth polynomial, and by reducing the order of the differential algebraic equation by the Pantelides method. Then, a case study of a startup profile optimization is shown.
Differences in beta-lactam and penicillin allergy: Beyond the West and focusing on Asia-Pacific
Authors: Mak Hugo W.F. , Yeung Maegan H.Y. , Wong Jane C.Y. , Chiang Valerie , Li Philip H.
Published: November 2022

Beta-lactam (BL) antibiotic “allergy” labels are common, but often overdiagnosed. Although much research has been focused on the BL allergy and the delabelling process in the West, studies from other parts of the world remain sparse. This review outlines the contrasting global epidemiology, shifting clinical practices and disparities of BL allergy in the Asia-Pacific region compared with the West. Innovative strategies to overcome barriers in BL allergy workup are discussed and potential directions for future research and service development are also proposed.
Role of resilience in selection of R factors for an RC building
Authors: Prasanth S. , Ghosh Goutam
Published: November 2022

In the seismic design of a reinforced concrete building, selecting appropriate response reduction factor (R) is vital for the building’s seismic response. Indian Standard (IS) 1893-2016 provides R values of 3 and 5 for ordinary moment resisting frames and special moment resisting frames, respectively. As R factors are used to incorporate the building’s non-linearity, R factor selection should be based on the building’s performance in terms of resilience. Since IS does not provide any clause on the background for selecting R factors for the design aspects, the study emphasizes the appropriate selection of R factors with respect to a building’s functionality, performance level, and resilience. In this study, a high-rise building was designed with various R factors (R = 3, 4, 5, and 6). To estimate the building’s functionality, five different recovery paths (RP-1 to RP-5), which match the real scenario, were used. The response of the building in each case was observed at two design levels, Design Basic Earthquake (DBE) level and MCE level. Variations in ductility demand, performance level, and resilience for each building case at each design level were observed. The R factor was used to obtain lateral design force at the DBE level by reducing the actual base shear placed on the structure. The reduction in the lateral design force with maximum R yielded high ductility demand and high loss of resilience. The result shows that the considered building can be designed with a maximum R of 6 since its resilience is almost 50%; hence, recovery is possible at a high cost. The performance level of the building at R = 6 lies at CP-C for the MCE design level. Considering the building’s resilience and performance level aspects, the maximum R factor was found to be 6. This helps the stakeholder and designer in the selection of R, based on the requirements of building functionality, performance level, and resilience.
Fabrication of gentamicin loaded Col-I/HA multilayers modified titanium coatings for prevention of implant infection
Authors: Ma Le , Zong Jiajia , Xun Xiaowei , Hu Xiaoming , Chen Zejing , Zhang Quanchao , Peng Mengxia , Song Botao , Ao Haiyong
Published: November 2022

In this study, gentamicin loaded collagen I/hyaluronic acid multilayers modified titanium coating (TC-AA(C/H)6-G) was fabricated via a layer-by-layer (LBL) covalent immobilization method. The drug releasing properties of collagen I/Hyaluronic acid (Col-I/HA) multilayers and the effect of loaded gentamicin on the antibacterial properties and cytocompatibility of modified TC were investigated. The gentamicin release assay indicated that the Col-I/HA multilayers modified TC exhibited agreeable drug-loading amount (537.22 ± 29.66 µg of gentamicin) and controlled-release performance (240 h of sustained release time). TC-AA(C/H)6-G revealed satisfactory antibacterial activity and inhibited the colonization and biofilm formation of S. aureus. Fortunately, the functions of hMSCs on TC-AA(C/H)6-G did not affected by the loaded gentamicin, and TC-AA(C/H)6-G could improve the adhesion, proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of cells, as well as TC-AA(C/H)6. In vivo animal study indicated that TC-AA(C/H)6-G could effectively control intramedullary cavity infection caused by S. aureus and prevent bone destruction.
Atrial cardiomyopathy markers predict ischemic cerebrovascular events independent of atrial fibrillation in patients with acute myocardial infarction
Authors: Li Zhitong , Wang Xin , Liu Quanbo , Li Chenglin , Gao Jinghan , Yang Yiheng , Wang Binhao , Hidru Tesfaldet H. , Liu Fei , Yang Xiaolei , Xia Yunlong
Published: November 2022

Background

Contemporary data on atrial cardiomyopathy (ACM) markers and ischemic cerebrovascular events (ICVE) in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is lacking. We aimed to examine whether ACM markers predict ICVE among AMI patients.

Materials and methods

A total of 4,206 AMI cases diagnosed in clinical examinations between January 2016 and June 2021 were assessed for markers of ACM including B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP), P-wave terminal force in ECG lead V1 (PTFV1), and left atrium diameter (LAD). Left atrial enlargement (LAE) and abnormal PTFV1 were defined by previously published cut-off points. The primary outcome was incident ICVE composed of ischemic stroke (IS) and transient ischemic attack (TIA). Receiver operating curve analyses were used to compare the predictive performance of the CHA2DS2-VASc score combined with ACM markers to the CHA2DS2-VASc score alone.

Results

During a median follow-up of 44.0 months, 229 (5.44%) ICVE occurred. Of these, 156 individuals developed IS and the remaining 73 cases were diagnosed with TIAs. The ICVE group showed larger PTFV1 and increased LAD as well as elevated BNP levels at baseline. In the multivariate analysis, we found significant associations with ICVE for PTFV1 (HR per 1,000 μV*ms, 1.143; 95% CI, 1.093–1.196), LAD (HR per millimeter, 1.148; 95% CI, 1.107–1.190), but not BNP after adjusting for known ICVE risk factors and interim atrial fibrillation (AF). The addition of abnormal PTFV1 and LAE improved the predictive accuracy of the CHA2DS2-VASc score with C-statistic increasing from 0.708 to 0.761 (p < 0.001).

Conclusion

Atrial cardiomyopathy markers including PTFV1 and LAD were associated with incident ICVE independent of well-established risk factors and AF occurrence. The addition of ACM markers with CHA2DS2-VASc score may well discriminate individuals at high risk of ICVE in AMI patients.
Maternal and infant outcomes in women with and without gestational diabetes mellitus in the COVID-19 era in China: Lessons learned
Authors: Zheng Wei , Wang Jia , Zhang Kexin , Liu Cheng , Zhang Li , Liang Xin , Zhang Lirui , Ma Yuru , Yang Ruihua , Yuan Xianxian , Li Guanghui
Published: November 2022

Aims

The global COVID-19 pandemic has required a drastic transformation of prenatal care services. Whether the reformulation of the antenatal care systems affects maternal and infant outcomes remains unknown. Particularly, women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) are among those who bear the greatest brunt. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the impact of COVID-19 lockdown during late pregnancy on maternal and infant outcomes in women stratified by the GDM status in China.

Study design

The participants were women who experienced the COVID-19 lockdown during late pregnancy (3185 in the 2020 cohort) or not (2540 in the 2019 cohort) that were derived from the Beijing Birth Cohort Study. Maternal metabolic indicators, neonatal outcomes, and infant anthropometrics at 12 months of age were compared between the two cohorts, stratified by the GDM status.

Results

Participants who experienced COVID-19 lockdown in late pregnancy showed lower gestational weight gain than those in the control cohort. Nevertheless, they displayed a worse metabolic profile. COVID-19 lockdown during pregnancy was associated with higher glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) (β= 0.11, 95% CI = 0.05–0.16, q-value = 0.002) and lower high density lipoprotein cholesterol level (HDL-C) level (β=–0.09, 95% CI = –0.14 to –0.04, q-value = 0.004) in women with GDM, adjusted for potential confounders. In normoglycemic women, COVID-19 lockdown in late pregnancy was associated with higher fasting glucose level (β= 0.10, 95% CI = 0.08–0.12, q-value <0.0001), lower HDL-C level (β=–0.07, 95% CI = –0.08 to –0.04, q-value <0.0001), and increased risk of pregnancy-induced hypertension (adjusted OR=1.80, 95%CI=1.30–2.50, q-value=0.001). The fasting glucose level decreased less from early to late pregnancy in women who experienced COVID-19 lockdown than in the controls, regardless of the GDM status. The HDL-C has risen less with COVID-19 lockdown in the normoglycemic subgroup. In contrast, no significant differences regarding neonatal outcomes or infant weight were found between the two cohorts.

Conclusion

Experiencing the COVID-19 lockdown in pregnancy was associated with worse maternal metabolic status but similar neonatal outcomes and infant weight.
The hydraulic fracturing design technology and application of geological-engineering integration for tight gas in jinqiu gas field
Authors: Zeng Ji , Li Wenzhe , Fang Hongming , Huang Xin , Wang Tao , Zhang Dandan , Yuan Shuhang
Published: November 2022

Tight sandstone gas reservoir of Shaximiao formation in Jinqiu Gas field has the advantages of wide distribution and abundant resources. Due to its low porosity, low permeability and strong spatial heterogeneity, this reservoir puts forward high requirements for sweet spot identification, cluster design and hydraulic fracture morphology prediction. Since the conventional stimulation methods can not meet the requirement of economy, the geological-engineering integration model is established. This optimization model of multiple subjects could layout the relationship among engineering characteristics, hydraulic fracture shape and well productivity. Based on the simulation results, key controlling factors are identified and optimized. And the customized stimulation strategies are recommended for different reservoir quality and different channel sand. Through application of these methods, the average test well productivity in the target field increased from 50,500 cubic meter per day to 434,300 cubic meter per day, and it lay a solid foundation for the efficient development of tight gas in central Sichuan Basin.
Green production information transparency and online purchase behavior: Evidence from green agricultural products in China
Authors: Fu Shaoling , Liu Xiaodan , Lamrabet Abdesslam , Liu Hua , Huang Yatao
Published: November 2022

The “lemon effect,” which is the result of information asymmetry and barriers to trust, poses serious challenges to the sustainable development of green agricultural products. Therefore, enhancing consumers’ trust is critical to maintain sustainable purchasing behavior. Information transparency has been widely attention as a marketing tool, and previous research related to agricultural products has focused on the visible information. Based on signaling theory, this study takes an invisible information perspective and empirically investigates how production information transparency of green agricultural products affects consumer trust and online purchasing behavior. The results of structural equation modeling analysis show that production technology information transparency and production means information transparency have different effects on the dimensions of consumer trust (in competence and benevolence). Moreover, trust in competence has a significant positive impact on trust in benevolence; they both have significant impacts on consumers’ online green purchase behavior. The results of this study contribute to signaling theory and the product transparency literature, and offer significant implications to practitioners of the green agricultural sectors.
Genome-wide and molecular characterization of the DNA replication helicase 2 (DNA2) gene family in rice under drought and salt stress
Authors: Saleem Bilal , Farooq Umer , Rehman Obaid Ur , Aqeel Muhammad , Farooq Muhammad Shahbaz , Naeem Muhammad Kashif , Inam Safeena , Ajmal Wajya , Rahim Amna Abdul , Chen Ming , Kalsoom Rabia , Uzair Muhammad , Fiaz Sajid , Attia Kotb , Alafari Hayat Ali , Khan Muhammad Ramzan , Yu Guoping
Published: November 2022

Rice plants experience various biotic (such as insect and pest attack) and abiotic (such as drought, salt, heat, and cold etc.) stresses during the growing season, resulting in DNA damage and the subsequent losses in rice production. DNA Replication Helicase/Nuclease2 (DNA2) is known to be involved in DNA replication and repair. In animals and yeast DNA2 are well characterized because it has the abilities of both helicase and nuclease, it plays a crucial role in DNA replication in the nucleus and mitochondrial genomes. However; they are not fully examined in plants due to less focused on plants damage repair. To fill this research gap, the current study focused on the genome-wide identification and characterization of OsDNA2 genes, along with analyses of their transcriptional expression, duplication, and phylogeny in rice. Overall, 17 OsDNA2 members were reported to be found on eight different chromosomes (2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 9, 10, and 11). Among these chromosomes (Chr), Chr4 contained a maximum of six OsDNA2 genes. Based on phylogenetic analysis, the OsDNA2 gene members were clustered into three different groups. Furthermore, the conserved domains, gene structures, and cis-regulatory elements were systematically investigated. Gene duplication analysis revealed that OsDNA2_2 had an evolutionary relationship with OsDNA2_14, OsDNA2_5 with OsDNA2_6, and OsDNA2_1 with OsDNA2_8. Moreover, results showed that the conserved domain (AAA_11 superfamily) were present in the OsDNA2 genes, which belongs to the DEAD-like helicase superfamily. In addition, to understand the post-transcriptional modification of OsDNA2 genes, miRNAs were predicted, where 653 miRNAs were reported to target 17 OsDNA2 genes. The results indicated that at the maximum, OsDNA2_1 and OsDNA2_4 were targeted by 74 miRNAs each, and OsDNA2_9 was less targeted (20 miRNAs). The three-dimensional (3D) structures of 17 OsDNA2 proteins were also predicted. Expression of OsDNA2 members was also carried out under drought and salt stresses, and conclusively their induction indicated the possible involvement of OsDNA2 in DNA repair under stress when compared with the control. Further studies are recommended to confirm where this study will offer valuable basic data on the functioning of DNA2 genes in rice and other crop plants.