bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Tutor activity in the system of education
Authors: Rylov A. N. , Solovova N. V.
Published: January 2023

The purpose of the article is determined by the increasing importance and necessity of tutor activity in the context of digital transformation in education system, also in the educational process of students with disabilities. The article provides a retrospective analysis of tutor activity overseas and in national education system. Authors consider different approaches to the definition of the tutors concept and the content of tutor activity at various historical stages, changing of the tutors role in the conditions of institutional and social changes in society, methodological aspects at organization of different types of education. The article highlighted the main problems of professional training of tutors and prospects for the development of tutor activity
PRC: history of regional inequality
Authors: Makeeva S. B.
Published: January 2023

The purpose of the article is to review the historical trends in the regional inequality of the PRC in the period before and after the start of the policy of reforms and opening up (1978). The history of China is characterized by regional inequality of provinces, autonomous regions and cities of central subordination of the main regions of the PRC: Eastern, Northeastern, Central and Western. Chinese researchers Wang Feng, Wang Yunhui, Gan Chunhui, Liang Longbin, Xiao Jincheng, Zhan Zhang conduct a comprehensive analysis of the causes and evolution of regional inequality before and after the start of the reform and opening policy. The consistent implementation of regional spatial transformation strategies has had a particular impact on regional inequality in China. After the founding of the PRC in 1949, industrialization was officially launched. There was a strengthening of the Eastern and North-Eastern regions, while the Central and Western parts of China lagged behind. In the mid 1960-ies taking into account the preparations for war, Mao Zedong proposed to carry out a three-line construction, which involved the placement of the main production facilities of the PRC in Central and Western China. Since the beginning of the reform and opening up policy, Chinas economic development has entered a stage of rapid growth. However, the economic growth of the territory of the PRC was extremely uneven, and the rates of economic growth in different regions varied significantly. Analysis of regional inequality indicators from 1978 to 2000 shows that 1990 marked a turning point in the evolution of regional inequality. It was not until 2003 that disproportionality in the PRC showed a downward trend.
System of formation of project culture among the future state
and municipal administration managers
Authors: Dyatlova E. N.
Published: January 2023

The global challenges that the Russian society is facing nowadays, including the ones caused by external sanction pressure, necessitate the state and municipal administration managers to solve a number of problems, aimed at grading the named challenges; as project-making if often the key tool for solving these kind of problems, it underlies the importance of project culture building among the future state and municipal administration managers. In the article the structure of the project culture building system for the state and municipal administration managers is compared with the structure of the pedagogical system, where the latter is analyzed using the systematic pedagogical approach to single out the target, the contents, the tools and the framework components. The framework of the project culture building system for the state and municipal administration managers includes the following steps: introduction, formation, resulting. Within each of these steps the necessary courses and their contents were created. Project culture building for the state and municipal administration managers requires proactive educational methods. Systems approach, individual and activity approach, cultural approach were highlighted as key methodological basis for project culture building for the state and municipal administration managers. The work addresses the interdisciplinary and transdisciplinary approaches and studies their role in building project culture for the state and municipal administration managers. Interdisciplinary cohesion (academic and mentally intermediate cohesion) facilitated succession and consistency in studies, due to which the knowledge in one subject could be implemented in a different sphere. Transdisciplinary approach enables the educators to build long cohesion links addressing various subjects and practical aspects, which promotes project culture building for the state and municipal administration managers
Evaluating the Effects of Agomelatine on Polysomnography Parameters in Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea.
Authors: Dastan Farzaneh , Gholizadeh Niari Behnaz , Adimi Naghan Parisa , Barati Saghar , Eskandari Raha
Published: January 2023

Purpose: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a common serious sleep disorder. Melatonin-based drugs such as agomelatine may have beneficial effects on patients with sleep disorders. This study aimed to evaluate agomelatine effects on polysomnography parameters in patients with OSA. Methods: In this randomized, parallel, and single-blind study, seventy patients 18 years of age or older with obstructive sleep apnea who were referred to the sleep clinic were evaluated. The patients were randomly assigned into agomelatine and control groups. Patients in the agomelatine group received 50 mg agomelatine, one hour before sleep, for three consecutive nights prior to the polysomnography test, while the patients in the control group did not receive agomelatine. Sleep test parameters were compared between the two groups. Results: Three parameters in the agomelatine versus control group showed significant differences. They were the median and interquartile range of the total sleep time, 397 [326.5-437.4] vs. 287.5 [184-393.1; p, 0.004] minuets, sleep efficiency percentage, 75.6 [71-87.4] vs. 65.1 [50.8-80.1; p, 0.005] and the wakening percentage, 7.5 [12.01-27.6] vs. 8.8[18.3-49; p, 0.004] agomelatine vs. control group. Other polysomnography parameters revealed no significant differences between the two groups. Conclusions: Agomelatine administration in patients with OSA may improve total sleep time, sleep efficiency percentage and the percentage of patients’ awakening.
Assessment Paddy Rice Ecosystem Services on Awareness and Satisfaction Level of Local People In Hongthai, Vietnam
Authors: Tran Thi Nhung , Trinh Phuong Ngoc , Phung Thanh Thao
Published: January 2023

The paddy fields in Hongthai is considered as one of the most beautiful terraced fields in the Northeast of Vietnam. However, the efficiency of use of paddy rice ecosystem services here is still limited. The study was conducted to assess farmers’ awareness and satisfaction level of the paddy rice ecosystem services in Hongthai by using questionnaire survey. The results show that the paddy rice ecosystem provides many services to the farmers, specifically 12 non-market services, in which the majority of farmers clearly identify regulating services such as groundwater replenishment, flood prevention and soil erosion control. Also, although income from tourism is still low, most farmers in Hongthai are aware of the importance of cultural services such as tourist landscapes and culture. However, for other regulating and supporting services, farmers’ awareness is still limited. The satisfaction level of farmers in Hongthai with the paddy rice ecosystem services is still low (2.7/10). The reason is explained by the limited awareness of the ethnic people and the local government have not yet exploited and used the non-market ecosystem service values ​​to bring benefits. In the future, it is necessary to actively propagate and raise farmers' awareness about paddy rice ecosystem services and valuate non-market ecosystem services to provide a scientific basis for policy makers. The appropriate legal framework and supporting policies need to be developed for the conservation of paddy rice ecosystems through the services it provides.
Determinan Non-Performing Financing pada Bank Pembiayaan Rakyat Syariah di Indonesia
Authors: Surepno Surepno , Azmi Sofi Nur , Subchanifa Dian Pujiatma Vera
Published: January 2023

Purpose: This study aims to empirically test the determinants or factors that affect Non-Performing Finance (NPF) in Islamic Finance Banks (BPRS) in Indonesia. The determinants analyzed are internal and external factors. Internal factors consist of the Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), Financing to Deposits Ratio (FDR), and Operating Costs for Operating Income (BOPO). Meanwhile, external factors are Inflation, Exchange Rate, and Interest Rate (BI Rate). Method: This study uses a quantitative approach. The research data is secondary data obtained from the websites of the Financial Prosecutor Authority (OJK) and Bank Indonesia (BI). The data collection technique is through time series data collection from 2013 to 2020. As for data analysis using multiple linear regression analysis.Results: Based on the results of the study showed that simultaneously internal and external factors had an effect on Non-Performing Finance. While partially that internal factors, namely CAR, FDR and BOPO have a positive and significant effect on the NPF. On external factors, the exchange rate variable partially has a positive and significant effect on the NPF, while the BI Rate has a negative and significant effect on the NPF, but the inflation variable partially has no significant effect on the NPF.Implications: This research can be used as material for consideration by BPRS to be more careful in channeling financing to customers. In addition to paying attention to the internal financial condition of the BPRS, it must also be aware of factors outside the BPRS, such as the exchange rate and the BI rate because they can also have an impact on financing.Novelty: This research builds on previous research by adding different variables in terms of financial performance and macroeconomic factors.
Mengungkap Makna Pendapatan dalam Perspektif Sopir Bus di Masa Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Alfaini Ihda Izzatul , Junjunan Mochammad Ilyas , Nawangsari Ajeng Tita
Published: January 2023

Purpose: This study aims to understand in depth the meaning of income according to the perspective of city transportation bus drivers at the Paciran terminal during the COVID-19 pandemic. In this study, the meaning of income is formed by the environment of the city transport bus drivers.Method: This study uses the approach with the interpretive paradigm of Husserl's transcendental phenomenology. The phenomenological method emphasizes the meaning that arises from each individual's experience and awareness. Results: The results showed that the informants had different meanings of income. Income is interpreted as a form of material used to meet family needs and future savings. Income is a non-material form, namely the income of inner satisfaction by feeling happy because it helps passengers who need transportation, and income is a spiritual form by applying "flexible" fares to passengers who need transportation for humanitarian purposes, It is believed that someone will get more sustenance than what is given to others because sustenance has already been arranged.Implications: This study reveals the meaning of income from the perspective of bus drivers. The approach through different professions but close to the community provides expansion and development of accounting theory from various existing perspectives, including the internalization of local wisdom values in it.Novelty: This study has a novelty in Hurssel's phenomenological approach in the context of the meaning of income from the perspective of bus drivers which has a meaning that is contrary to the concept of accounting theory.
Masa Jabatan CEO, Keragaman Dewan Direktur, dan Pengungkapan CSR: Eksplorasi Studi Kepustakaan
Authors: Cahyono Suham , Sawarjuwono Tjiptohadi , Wendi Wendi
Published: January 2023

Purpose: This study reviews various literatures and obtains an overview of the relationship between a CEO's Tenure and Boards Diversity and the quality of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) disclosures.Method: The research method used in this study is a qualitative method, namely library research, by utilizing information sources derived from reputable online journals such as Scopus and Google Scholar as well as additional information obtained from articles, books, laws, and other documents relevant to the topic study.Results: The results of studies from various sources show that the quality of CSR disclosure is strongly influenced by the tenure of the CEO and also the diversity of the board of directors. Short CEO tenure tends to increase the quality of CSR disclosure. This is because the tenure is short, the CEO will try to optimize his tenure in order to increase the credibility and ability of the CEO to lead a company. On the other hand, a working tenure that is too long can reduce the quality of CSR report disclosure. The diversity of management also has strong implications for improving the quality of CSR report disclosure. The diversity of administrators can motivate the emergence of creative and innovative ideas to disclose better CSR reports.Implications: This research can be used as material for consideration for companies in making decisions in determining the tenure of the CEO and the diversity of the board.Novelty: This study is the first study attempt by doing research qualitative with considering many previous studies to make some conclusions and contribute to extant literature related to the corporate mechanism by doing library research.
Sexual Harassment of Women Faculties in the Korean Higher Education: Frequency, Perpetrators, and Consequences
Authors:   Global Studeis Education Association, Byoun Su Youn
Published: January 2023

Sexual harassment of women faculties in the Korean higher education has been scarcely researched. However, their experiences of sexual harassment are important in that they become an important criterion for judging the spread of a culture of gender equality in universities. The Sexual Experience Questionnaire (SEQ)(Fitzgerald et al. 1995) was conducted on 506 female faculty from 56 four-year universities. About 35% of the respondents experienced sexual harassment at least once in three stages of their career development. Among the eight perpetrator categories, male supervisors, male student seniors and juniors, and male fellow faculties were found to be the most frequent perpetrator groups. Binary logistic regression analysis showed that the majors and positions of female faculties had a significant influence on their experiences of sexual harassment. Lastly, the experience of sexual harassment after appointment until now had a statistically significant negative effect on job satisfaction of female faculties.
미국 초등교사의 그림책 선정에 대한 연구: 학생 다양성을 중심으로
Authors:   Global Studeis Education Association, Jo Soowon
Published: January 2023

Korean society has become considerably multicultural where people with various races, ethnicities, religions, languages, and cultural backgrounds compose its population. Picture books have been considered as an effective tool for multicultural education. Therefore, it is crucial to closely examine the factors of student diversity in school teachers’ text selection process. This study analyzed the cases of the United States, in which a multicultural society has been formed over a relatively longer period of time than in Korea in terms of languages, culture, social and economic backgrounds. This study aimed to clarify the factors and values that teachers in the lower grades of elementary school in the U.S. consider important as having priority, thus has more influence in selecting books, and how various backgrounds of students are reflected in teachers’ text selection process. The data was collected by interviewing 13 lower-grade American elementary school teachers and was qualitatively analyzed. The findings the research derive implications for the role and direction of teachers in using picture books for multicultural education in Korea. Based on the implications, this research contributes to the effective selection and use of picture book of multicultural education in Korea and contributes to the establishment of the foundation for the development of teacher education as well.
Partial Bayes Estimation of Two Parameter Gamma Distribution Under Non-Informative Prior
Authors: Banerjee Proloy , Seal Babulal
Published: January 2023

In Bayesian analysis, empirical and hierarchical methods are two main approaches for the estimation of the parameter(s) involved in the prior distribution of one parameter. But in the multi-parameter model, e.g., Gamma(α, p), where both the parameters are unknown, idea of the ‘Partial Bayes (PB) Estimation’ is introduced. When we do no have proper belief regarding the joint parameters of the distribution of the variable and when we are estimating one parameter in presence of others, such method may be used. Partial Bayes estimation of the scale parameter p is done by putting the estimate of the another parameter α obtained by some other classical method in case of two parameter Gamma distribution. Using non-informative prior and computing the risk, it is found that the Partial Bayes estimator has less risk than the Bayes estimator. For this, simulation studies for some choices of shape parameter values have been done. In case of the shape parameter, posterior mean and posterior variance are evaluated through simulations to obtain the risk values for estimator of α with known scale parameter. Finally after fifitting this distribution, two real datasets are illustrated to see the performance of the Partial Bayes estimator.
Cumulative Residual Extropy for Pareto Distribution in the Presence of Outliers: Bayesian and Non-Bayesian Methods
Authors: Hassan Amal , Elsherpieny Elsayed , Mohamed Rokaya
Published: January 2023

The extropy is considered to be a complementary dual of the well-known Shannon’s entropy and has wide applications in many fields. This article discusses estimating the extropy and cumulative residual extropy of the Pareto distribution using the maximum likelihood and Bayesian methods. We obtain the maximum likelihood of extropies measures in presence of outliers. These estimators are specialized to homogenous case. The Bayesian estimators of both extropy measures are derived based on symmetric and asymmetric loss functions. The Markov chain Monte Carlo methods are used to accomplish some complex calculations. The precision of the Bayesian and the maximum likelihood estimates for extropy estimates are examined through simulations. Regarding results of simulation study, we conclude that the performances of both estimation methods improve with sample sizes. Also, Bayesian estimates of the extropy and cumulative residual extropy under linear exponential loss function are superior to the other Bayesian estimates under the other loss functions in most of cases. The performance for the extropy and cumulative residual extropy estimates increase with number of outliers in almost cases. Generally, there is a great agreement between the theoretical and empirical results. Further performance comparison is conducted by the experiments with real data.
Generalizing the properties of Finite Iterative Method for the Computation of the Covariance Matrix Implied by a Recursive Path Model
Authors: Ebnou Abdem Seyid Abdellahi , M'barek Iaousse , El Hadri Zouhair
Published: January 2023

In this paper, we generalize the properties of the correlation matrix implied bya recursive path model using the Finite Iterative Method into the covariance case wherevariables are no more supposed to be standardized. We demonstrate that the implied co-variance matrix computed using the Finite Iterative Method is affine with respect to themodel parameters. Moreover, many other properties derive from this affinity and will be usedto simplify the computation of the first as well as the second derivatives of the UnweightedLeast Square Function used as an objective function in the estimation of the model param-eters. Illustrated and numerical examples are given to show the advantage of the proposedproperties as an alternative to the classical approximation used to compute the aforemen-tioned derivatives.
On derivations in group algebras and other algebraic structures
Authors: Arutyunov Andronick A.
Published: January 2023

The work is devoted to a survey of known results related to the study of derivationsin group algebras, bimodules and other algebraic structures, as well as to various generalizationsand variations of this problem. A review of results on derivations in L_1 (G) algebras, invon Neumann algebras, and in Banach bimodules is given. Algebraic problems are discussed,in particular, derivations in groups, (σ,τ)-derivations, and the Fox calculus. A review ofsome results related to the application to pseudodifferential operators and the constructionof the symbolic calculus is also given. In conclusion, some results related to the description ofderivations as characters on the groupoid of the adjoint action are described. Some applicationsare also described: to coding theory, the theory of ends of metric spaces, and rough geometry.
Solution of a second-order algebro-differential equation in a Banach space
Authors: Uskov Vladimir I.
Published: January 2023

This article is devoted to the study of the algebro-differential equation
Ad^2u/dt^2=Bdu/dt+Cu(t)+f(t),
where A, B, C are closed linear operators acting from a Banach space E_1 into a Banach space E_2 whose domains are everywhere dense in E_1. A is a Fredholm operator with zero index (hereinafter, Fredholm), the function f(t) takes values in E_2; t∈[0; T]. The kernel of the operator A is assumed to be one-dimensional. For solvability of the equation with respect to the derivative, the method of cascade splitting is applied, consisting in the stepwise splitting of the equation and conditions to the corresponding equations and conditions in subspaces of lower dimensions. One-step and two-step splitting are considered, theorems on the solvability of the equation are obtained. The theorems are used to obtain the existence conditions for a solution to the Cauchy problem. In order to illustrate the results obtained, a homogeneous Cauchy problem with given operator coefficients in the space R^2 is solved. For this, it is considered the second-order differential equation in the finite-dimensional space C^m
d^2u/dt^2=Hdu/dt+Ku(t).
The characteristic equation M(λ):=det(λ^2I-λH-K)-0 is studied. For the polynomial M(λ) in the cases m=2, m=3, the Maclaurin formulas are obtained. General solution of the equation is defined in the case of the unit algebraic multiplicity of the characteristic equation.
Аналіз засобів управління потоками в масштабованих комп’ютерних системах
Authors: Корочкін О. , Русанова O. , Крутько O.
Published: January 2023

Об’єктом аналізу є засоби сучасних мов і бібліотек паралельного програмування, орієнтовані на створення і управління потоками. Особливістю роботи є орієнтація на масштабовані системи, де кількість процесорів і відповідно потоків можезмінюватися. Метою роботи є вибір засобів, яки дозволять обирати для масштабованих систем оптимальні засоби динамічного створення та управління потоками. В роботі проаналізовано засоби різних рівнів мов Java, C#, Python, бібліотек WinAPI, MPI, OpenMP. Показано, що для рішення завдання організації взаємодії потоків оптимальним є застосування монітора подібних засобів. Вони забезпечують ефективне рішення обох основних завдань паралельного програмування (комунікації і синхронізації) для масштабованих систем.
Бібл. 5, табл. 1.
Математична модель перетворювача трифазної напруги у постійну з тризонним регулюванням напруги
Authors: Михайленко В. , Міхненко Г. , Троценко Є. , Святненко В. , Чуняк Ю. , Петрученко O. , Бачинський В.
Published: January 2023

У статті проведено аналіз електромагнітних процесів в електричних колах з напівпровідниковими комутаторами. Створено математичну модель напівпровідникового перетворювача з тризонним регулюванням вихідної напруги дляаналізу електромагнітних процесів у напівпровідникових перетворювачах з широтно-імпульсним регулюванням. Наведено графіки, що відображають електромагнітні процеси у електричних колах. Математична модель напівпровідникового перетворювача також використовується для дослідження перехідних процесів у напівпровідникових перетворювачах з активно-індуктивним навантаженням. Розвинуто метод багатопараметричних функцій, які входять до алгоритмічних рівнянь аналізу усталених і перехідних процесів у розгалужених електричних колах з напівпровідниковими комутаторами і реактивними елементами, в напрямку урахування особливостей використання фазних і лінійних напруг мережі електроживлення. Розроблено нову математичну модель усталених і перехідних процесів у електричних колах напівпровідникових перетворювачів модуляційного типу з багатоканальнимзонним використанням фазних напруг трифазної мережі живлення без урахування втрат електроенергії у комутаторах для швидкої оцінки впливу параметрів навантаження на характеристики регульованих синусоїдних і постійних напруг.Результати цієї роботи можна використати для розвитку методу багатопараметричних модулюючих функцій для спрощення аналізу перехідних процесів у електричних колах без врахуванням втрат у ключових елементах.

Бібл. 4, іл. 3.
Архітектурна концепція моніторингової системи на основі нейронного модуля ІоТ аналітики даних
Authors: Клименко I. , Гайдай А. , Нікольський C. , Ткаченко В.
Published: January 2023

Об’єктом дослідження є процеси збирання та аналізу даних в інтелектуальних системах, які обумовлюють проблему підвищення ефективності обробки даних в режимі реального часу. Предметом дослідження є інтелектуальні системи IoT, розроблені на основі технологій граничних обчислень і засоби для підвищення ефективності функціонування систем IoT з використанням нейронних мереж та машинного навчання. Метою роботи є розроблення архітектурної концепції програмно-апаратних засобів з використанням модуля інтелектуальної ІоТ аналітики даних на границіобчислень. Запропонована архітектурна концепція моніторингової системи сну людини, за рахунок використання навченої нейронної мережі для ІоТ аналітики даних дозволяє подолати обмеження ефективності обробки даних, та безпеки персональної інформації, а комбінація недорогого апаратного устаткування та доступної носимої електроніки спрямовані на зниження вартості доступність системи для широкого кола користувачів.

Бібл. 9, іл. 9.
Church Split in the Republic of North Macedonia: The Foreign Policy Dimension
Authors: Ponomareva A.
Published: January 2023

The unexpected reconciliation of the Serbian Orthodox Church with the Macedonian ‘schismatics’, which took place in May 2022, determines the relevance of the retrospective analysis given in the article of this church conflict that has lasted more than half a century in the Republic of North Macedonia. Using the historical-genetic method, the underlying reason is revealed and the dynamics of the conflict that unfolded between the Serbian Orthodox Church and the Macedonian Orthodox Church – Archdiocese of Ohrid – is traced. With the use of the realistic approach to international relations and the hypothesis of maintaining a close connection between the church and state in the Balkans, the author identifies the key parties to the conflict, which, in addition to Serbia and the Republic of North Macedonia, include Bulgaria, Greece, the Patriarchate of Constantinople, and describes the evolution of the strategies chosen by these parties to conduct. At the same time, the focus of the study is not the theological dimension of the subject in question, but its foreign policy implications. The history of the church schism is considered in the broader context of the political elites of the Republic of North Macedonia finding the solution to the task of integration into Euro-Atlantic structures, the possibilities of using the church factor in the reaching of geostrategic goals are shown. It is stated that the reasons that pushed the hierarchs of the Serbian Orthodox Church to reach agreements with the Macedonian ‘schismatics’ lie in the dimension of foreign policy, and the discussion of the status of the Ohrid Archdiocese was one of the elements of the struggle for influence in the Balkans, both regional and non-regional players. By its decision to support the autocephaly of the Macedonian Orthodox Church – Archdiocese of Ohrid, the Serbian Orthodox Church has demonstrated the recognition of a specific Slavic-Macedonian national identity, which is questioned in the official historical narratives of Greece and Bulgaria, and, at least on the Balkan track, the papist aspirations of the Patriarchate of Constantinople were limited. Ultimately, the pragmatic position of the Serbian Orthodox Church did not allow the Macedonian Orthodox Church – Archdiocese of Ohrid to be turned into an instrument for realizing the interests of the Phanar supported by Western countries and took away the conflict potential from the topic that could contribute to the political demarcation of Serbia and the Republic of North Macedonia. Nevertheless, in the prognostic part of the conclusion, a high probability of ‘church wars’ resuming is stated, but with a new, not united by Orthodoxy, list of participants, namely containing representatives of the Albanian and Macedonian communities.
Human Capital: Discussing One More Time
Authors: Rashkovskii E.
Published: January 2023

The article presents an analytical report concerning the latest session of a regular ongoing inter-institute scientific seminar ‘Modern Development Problems’ of IMEMO’s Center of Development and Modernization Studies (CDMS), this one was dedicated to general theoretical questions in modernization and development and took place on December 14, 2021. The seminar was held by CDMS’s principal researcher, Dr. Sci. (Hist.). Eugene B. RASHKOVSKY. Principal presentation called ‘Human Capital’s Role in Factor System of Economic Growth in Developed and Developing Countries’ was given by the head of International Economic Relations Department of IAAS of MSU, Prof., Dr. Sci. (Econ.), Corresponding Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences Vitaly A. MELYANTSEV. Those participating in the workshop – staff members of IMEMO along with Russia’s leading scientific and educational institutions like Institute of Oriental Studies, Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, MGIMO and others – have discussed a relevant and overlooked in our times problem of human capital as a basis in postmodern development. During the seminar not only the importance of econometric approach to this problem was proved, but also a necessity of its introduction in a broader context of contemporary socio-humanistic knowledge. Furthermore, problems such as state and social support, preserving and increasing human capital were recognized as a priority in modern growth on national level, as well as regional and global ones. Human capital is acknowledged as one of essential factors ensuring both continuity and perspectives of every complex development processes. Erosion and/or loss of continuity and upcoming possibilities of human capital could threaten our world with severe socioeconomic, moral and cultural consequences. The review was prepared by Eugene B. Rashkovsky, Dr. Sci. (Hist.), Principal Researcher, Group of Theoretical Problems of Modernization, Center of Development and Modernization Studies (eug.rashkov@gmail.com).
Dynamic Characteristics of New Mechanical Rotary Steerable Tool in Directional Drilling
Authors: Jialin Tian , Lei Tang , Xuehua Hu , Haolin Song
Published: January 2023

The characteristics of a drill string system have an essential influence on the performance of directional drilling. The appropriate control method of a drill string is important to drilling efficiency and downhole operation safety. Therefore, based on a new mechanical rotary steerable tool (RST), this paper aims to analyze the Dynamic Characteristics of RST in Directional Drilling. First, considering the thrust force generated by the RST and bottom hole assembly (BHA), the governing vibration equations of a drill string system are established. Furthermore, connected with fields drilling parameters, including the effects of a new RST on a drill bit and wellbore, as the boundary and initial conditions, the dynamic characteristics of a drill string system are compared and studied in directional and straight drilling. The results show that the axial vibration of the drill string increases extremely in directional drilling process, while the weight on bit (WOB) and inclination force change in small range. Moreover, the torque and azimuth force tend to be stable soon, even its initial fluctuations are significantly. Also, the new RST can effectively enhance the steering capacity, increase the drilling efficiency, and improve drill bit force performance. The research results can provide reference for developing directional drilling technologies, including related tool design and optimization.
A Comprehensive Evaluation Model of Electric Bus Interior Acoustic Comfort and Its Application
Authors: Zhang Enlai , Chen Xianyi , Li Shiyi , Wang Qiqi , Zhuo Jianming
Published: January 2023

In this paper, 64 noise samples from eight electric buses are acquired and their corresponding acoustic comfort ranks (ACRs) are obtained by subjective evaluation tests with the method of rank score comparison (RSC). To overcome a current problem that the overall sound quality of an electric bus cannot be measured by single noise sample, a comprehensive evaluation model for interior acoustic comfort is established using fuzzy comprehensive evaluation and analytic hierarchy process (FCE-AHP). The model is based on a three-level evaluation index system with two conditions of air conditioning on and off, two observation positions of driver and rear seat, and two constant speeds of 30 km/h and 50 km/h. AHP is used to calculate the weight coefficient of each evaluation index. In addition, the ACRs of 64 noise samples are brought into the established model to gain overall sound quality order of eight electric buses. As a result, based on the subjective evaluation tests and calculation results, the application of the established comprehensive acoustic comfort model is ultimately realized.
Natural Frequency Analysis and Optimization Design of Rectangular Thin Plates With Nonlinear Variable-Thickness
Authors: Xie Quanmin , Xu Fengxiang , Zou Zhen , Niu Xiaoqiang , Dong Zhuang
Published: January 2023

Variable-thickness thin plate structures have been widely employed in many engineering applications, such as the automotive industry, aviation industry and civil structures. In this paper, natural frequency and optimization design of nonlinear variable-thickness rectangular thin plates are performed. For this purpose, theoretical solutions of dimensionless natural frequency of the bidirectional linear variable-thickness thin plates are conducted on the three classical boundaries to verify the correctness of a conducted numerical model. Then the natural frequencies of variable thickness plates with different forms including bidirectional and unidirectional nonlinear were compared. Additionally, the difference in vibration characteristics between the thin plate of variable thickness and the corresponding thin plate of equal mass are compared and analyzed, and the results show that when the middle part of the thin plate is thick, the natural frequency increases by a greater percentage. Finally, a new bidirectional stepped variable-thickness plate is proposed to improve the natural frequency of variable-thickness thin plates. Inspired by the stepped idea, the square and circle division methods are employed to improve the natural frequency of variable thickness thin plates, as the optimal design is carried out. The results show that the nonlinear variable thickness after performing an optimal design could significantly improve the natural frequency of thin plates. The finding provides useful insight into the structural design of variable thickness plates for free vibration.
Wood Burial May Be a Leading Candidate for Carbon Sequestration
Authors: Xu Kai
Published: January 2023

Although several carbon sequestration methods have been proposed according to theories from various disciplines, it is not known which method is the best. This study evaluated and summarized the advantage and disadvantages of several major carbon sequestration methods, including carbon capture and sequestration, ocean alkalinization, algal cultivation, and wood burial, based on the first principles, namely, sequestration scale and time, elemental stoichiometry, and energy use efficiency. This study suggested that, at present, wood burial may be a leading candidate for carbon sequestration because it can be implemented immediately on a large scale, is cost-effective and efficient, has a long sequestration time, has low technical requirements, and has a relatively low impact on agriculture. This study also discussed the implementation of wood burial from the perspective of nutrient requirements. To achieve carbon neutrality by 2050, the present study proposed a 25-year project starting in 2025 with an average sequestration rate of 3 Pg C per year, which includes burying 1.5 Pg of dead wood carbon and the creation of 9.7 × 106 ha woodland.
Application of RRAP Reliability Optimization as Test of Nature Inspired Algorithms
Authors: Pieprzycki Adam , Filipowicz Bogusław
Published: January 2023

This paper considers the application of two selected algorithms (Cuckoo Search CS, Firefly Algorithm FA) to determine and maximize the reliability of a two complex system known from the literature. This system operates with resource constraints. In addition, several classical methods for determining the reliability of systems have been applied. Although the CS algorithm is known for its effectiveness as it uses the Lévy flight, for the presented optimization tasks the FA firefly algorithm in the considered parameter range proved to be more effective. The presented results broaden the existing discussion on the application of nature-inspired algorithms for solving RRAP (Reliability Redundancy Allocation Problem) problems. From this point of view, two described test scenarios can be considered as a suitable tool for validating other algorithms in RRAP problems. Not only the values of the criterion functions can be compared, but also other introduced parameters and statistical analyse of variance (ANOVA) with post-hoc RIR Tuckey test was discussed.
Utilizing Homer Power Optimization Software For A Techno-Economic Feasibility, Study of a Sustainable Grid-Connected Design for Urban Electricity in, Khartoum
Authors: Elhassan Zeinab Abdallah
Published: January 2023

Keywords: Utilizing; HOMER; techno-economic; sustainable; urban (List three to ten pertinent keywords specific to the article yet reasonably common within the subject discipline.)
The First Nucleic Acids Strands may Have Grown on Peptides via Primeval Reverse Translation
Authors: Tozzi Arturo , Mazzeo Marco
Published: January 2023

The central dogma of molecular biology dictates that, with only a few exceptions, information proceeds from DNA to protein through an RNA intermediate. Examining the enigmatic steps from prebiotic to biological chemistry, we take another road suggesting that primordial peptides acted as template for the self-assembly of the first nucleic acids polymers. Arguing in favour of a sort of archaic “reverse translation” from proteins to RNA, our basic premise is a Hadean Hearth where key biomolecules such as amino acids, polypeptides, purines, pyrimidines, nucleosides and nucleotides were available under different prebiotically plausible conditions, including meteorites delivery, shallow ponds and hydrothermal vents scenarios. Supporting a protein-first scenario alternative to the RNA world hypothesis, we propose the primeval occurrence of short peptides termed “selective amino acid- and nucleotide-matching oligopeptides” (henceforward SANMAOs) that noncovalently bind at the same time the polymerized amino acids and the single nucleotides dispersed in the prebiotic milieu. We describe the chemical features of this hypothetical oligopeptide, its biological plausibility and its virtues from an evolutionary perspective. We provide a theoretical example of SANMAO’s selective pairing between amino acids and nucleosides, simulating a poly-Glycine peptide that acts as a template to build a purinic chain corresponding to the glycine’s extant triplet codon GGG. Further, we discuss how SANMAO might have endorsed the formation of low-fidelity RNA’s polymerized strains, well before the appearance of the accurate genetic material’s transmission ensured by the current translation apparatus.
Explainable, Interpretable & Trustworthy AI for Intelligent Digital Twin: Case Study on Remaining Useful Life
Authors: Kobayashi Kazuma , Almutairi Bader , Sakib Md Nazmus , Chakraborty Souvik , Alam Syed Bahauddin
Published: January 2023

Machine learning (ML) and Artificial Intelligence (AI) are increasingly used in energy and engineering systems, but these models must be fair, unbiased, and explainable. In other words, it is crucial to have confidence in AI's trustworthiness. Machine learning techniques, like neural networks, have helped predict important parameters and improve model performance. But for these AI techniques to be useful for making decisions, they need to be audited, accounted for, and easy to understand. The use of Explainable AI (XAI) and interpretable machine learning (IML) is crucial for the accurate prediction of prognostics, such as remaining useful life (RUL) in a digital twin system to make it intelligent while ensuring that the AI model is transparent in its decision-making processes and that the predictions it generates can be understood and trusted by users. By using AI that is explainable, interpretable, and trustworthy, intelligent digital twin systems can make more accurate predictions of RUL, leading to better maintenance and repair planning and, ultimately, improved system performance. The objective of this paper is to understand the idea of XAI and interpretable ML (IML) and justify the important role of ML/AI in the Digital Twin framework and components, which requires XAI to understand the prediction better. This paper explains the importance of XAI and IML in both local and global aspects to ensure the use of trustworthy ML/AI applications for RUL prediction. This paper used the RUL prediction for the XAI and IML studies and leveraged the integrated python toolbox for interpretable machine learning (PiML)
Comparison of Culture Media for in-vitro Expansion of Oral Epithelial Keratinocytes: Implications for Testing E-liquid Flavors
Authors: Cuadra Giancarlo , Shamim Abrar , Shah Raivat , Morgan Joey , Palazzolo Dominic
Published: January 2023

Background: Understanding in vitro expansion of OKF6/TERT-2 oral epithelial cells is important for studying molecular biology of disease and pathology affecting the oral cavity. The media used for any cell culture is paramount in terms of efficient output. Therefore, this study aims to compare two different media for OKF6/TERT-2 cultures: Keratinocyte Serum-Free Medium (KSFM) and a composite medium comprised of DMEM/F-12 mixed with KSFM (referred to as DFK). For application purposes, this investigation also compares the toxicological effects of flavored electronic cigarette liquids (E-liquids) on OKF6/TERT-2 cultures grown in both media. Methods: Cells were grown in KSFM and DFK media and cellular growth, morphology, gene expression of mucins and tight junctions, as well as wound-healing were determined. Additionally, cellular viability and cytotoxicity were indexed after E-liquid exposures. Results: While overall cellular morphologies remained unaltered, cells grown in DFK reached confluency faster. Except for claudin-1, there is no appreciable difference in expression of the other genes tested. Additionally, cultures in DFK appear more sensitive to E-liquids ± flavors. Conclusions: DFK is an alternative medium for cultivation of OKF6/TERT-2 cells to study molecular biology of disease and pathology, such as their responses to E-liquids ± flavors.
Riverine Particulate Material Enhances the Growth and Sustains the Viability of the Marine Diatom Thalassiosira Weissflogii
Authors: Grimm Christian , Feurtet-Mazel Agnes , Pokrovsky Oleg , Oelkers Erci
Published: January 2023

Riverine particulates dominate the transport of vital nutrients like Si, Fe or P to the ocean mar-gins, where they may increase primary production by acting as slow release fertilizer. Further-more, the supply of particulate surface area to the ocean is considered to be a major control or-ganic carbon burial. Taken together, these observations suggest a close link between the supply of riverine particulate material and the organic carbon cycle. To explore this link, we conducted microcosm experiments to measure the growth of the marine diatom Thalassiosira weissflogii in the presence and absence of different types and concentrations of riverine particulate material. Results demonstrate a strong positive effect of riverine particulate material on diatom growth with increased total diatom concentrations and slowed post-exponential death rates with in-creasing particulate concentration. Moreover, SEM and optical microscope investigations con-firm that riverine particulates facilitates organic carbon burial through their role in the aggrega-tion and sedimentation of phytoplankton. The supply of riverine particulate material has been shown to be markedly climate sensitive with their fluxes increasing dramatically with increas-ing global temperature and runoff. This pronounced climate sensitivity implies that riverine particulates contribute substantially in regulating atmospheric CO2 concentrations through their role in the organic carbon cycle.
Recycling and Reuse of Building Materials in a Historical Landscape. Viminacium Natural Brick (Serbia)
Authors: Nikolić Emilija , Delić-Nikolić Ivana , Jovičić Mladen , Miličić Ljiljana , Mijatović Nevenka
Published: January 2023

During the MoDeCo2000 scientific and research project on mortars used in the territory of the Roman Danube Limes in Serbia, the biggest challenge was the quest for the provenance of used raw materials. The area where the largest city in the province of Moesia Superior developed, with millennial continuity of land use and settlement, was selected as a case study for deeper research. The material and immaterial values of Roman Viminacium have survived in the later life of the landscape, through the preserved building remains and artifacts, secondary use of building materials, but also toponyms, customs, and stories. Recycling of materials is commonly recognised in the modern age as the industrial processing of existing products in order to obtain raw materials and later prepare new products, representing one of the basic elements of sustainability. However, people throughout history have always used what they had at hand and the building remains were reused, but also recycled for new constructions. In this study we follow the presence of the specific material we call natural brick in the historical Viminacium landscape, focusing on Roman construction and specifically its potential use in lime mortars, connecting humanistic and natural sciences.
Mathematical Model of COVID-19 with Quarantine and Vaccination
Authors: HUkmah Hukmah , Nisardi Muhammad Rifki , Sulma Sulma , M Suriani
Published: January 2023

Abstract
We present a mathematical model of COVID-19 disease by modifying the SEIR model. The model considers two additional compartments, quarantine (Q) and vaccination (V) which aim to control the spread of COVID-19. Based on the model, we obtained a disease-free equilibrium point and an endemic equilibrium point. The basic reproduction numbers were calculated using the next-generation matrix method. In this model, we analyzed the stability conditions that must be satisfied by the defining parameters. We perform data on the spread of COVID-19 in Indonesia for estimation to provide the parameter value in the model. Based on the result, there is an influence of changes in several parameter values on the number of individuals infected with COVID-19.