bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
FPGA Implementation of Vending Machine
Authors: S M Suba
Published: August 2023

This paper aims to create a coin processing system-based vending machine that can handle input coin values and dispense or return change as required, utilizing a single-state machine designed with the Mealy state machine model. To implement this design VHDL is used, which is a hardware description language capable of producing efficient and reliable system development. Xilinx VIVADO 2017.4 software tool is used to simulate and test the system, allowing for efficient debugging of FPGA designs. The system is deployed on a Nexys 4 DDR FPGA Board development board, enabling practical and robust implementation. This particular design offers great versatility, making it suitable for a wide range of applications, such as vending machines, parking meters, and other automated systems that require coin processing. The Mealy state machine model proves to be an efficient and reliable approach to coin processing, and the use of VHDL and FPGA board ensures a practical and effective implementation of the design.
Global Contributions on Nanotechnology of Regulatory Aspects of Drugs
Authors: Meena Sai Grandhi , Yetukuri Koushik
Published: August 2023

Background and Objective: The food, pharmaceutical, and agricultural industries can contribute to, develop, and benefit from the use of nanotechnology, which is a major advanced technology. The manufacture of healthier, safer, and high-quality functional foods that are perishable or semi-perishable could be led qualitatively and quantitatively by nonmaterial. Nanotechnology has become one of the most significant frontline areas in many traditional study areas of science and technology. Methods: It contains several international regulations that have helped spread awareness of the value of nanotechnology in pharmaceuticals. The article on pharmaceuticals and food was framed following the regulatory authorities of each country's criteria. Results: Nanotechnology's uses in emerging nations' products, including medicine, and other goods. Conclusion: The potential for nanotechnology to advance food research across a wide range of disciplines is considerable. These nanomaterial devices have numerous uses in the food industry, including food processing, preservation, and packaging. Different nanomaterials have been used for a variety of biomedical applications, including drug delivery systems, optical imaging, and bioimaging, depending on the physical and chemical properties of their surfaces. For the benefit of all people, it justifies paying attention to the incredibly promising topic of nanotechnology.
SIMULTANEOUS COMPENSATION OF SECOND AND THIRD ORDER DISPERSION IN CPA LASER SYSTEMS
Authors: Leshchenko V.P. , Vasyliev A.V. , Galaydych K.V. , Povrozin A.I. , Sotnikov G.V.
Published: August 2023

This paper presents a theoretical study aimed at solving the problem of compensation for second and third order dispersion in CPA laser systems. We study the propagation of light pulses generated by a Ti-Sapphire master oscillator along the path of a stretcher-amplifiers-compressor. The wave equation and dispersion balance equations are
used to analyze various Ti-Sapphire amplifier configurations. The research results include the values of the deviation of the compressor length and the angle of incidence of the light pulse on the input diffraction grating of the compressor. Different versions of amplifiers differ in the number of passes of a light pulse through Ti-Sapphire crystals and in the geometric profile of the crystals. The results obtained are presented in the Table. This research is essential for the development of more efficient CPA laser systems.
SCHEMES FOR ACCELERATION A PART OF ELECTRONS OF DRIVE ELECTRON BUNCHES IN THE DIELECTRIC WAKEFIELD STRUCTURE
Authors: Linnik A.F. , Krivonosov G.A. , Omelayenko O.L. , Sotnikov G.V.
Published: August 2023

The paper presents several schemes for obtaining the main (witness) bunches from a long sequence of electron bunches, as well as from a part of a single electron bunch in the dielectric wakefield structure. The selected part of the electron bunches passes into the accelerating phase of the wake field due to the difference in the geometric path length between the separated electrons and the excited wakefield.
A Line is an Edge, is a Colour, is a Shadow: Towards a Posthuman Account of Painting
Authors: Harbridge Maegan
Published: August 2023

A line is simultaneously a colour, a texture, and a tone: It is the abutting edge of positive and negative; the touching point of autonomous bodies. Following posthumanist scholars such as Sylvia Wynter, Karen Barad, and Cary Wolfe this essay employs a series of aesthetic insights on form, gathered in an abstract painter’s studio, and applies them towards a methodology of care/full looking. Care/full looking traces the contingency of formal relationships so that a more robust ethico-onto-epistemology emerges: One that displays the entanglement of matter as it materializes and intra-acts with other bodies.
Book Review: Film, Environment, Comedy: Eco-Comedies on the Big Screen
Authors: Townsend Karim
Published: August 2023

Outlining the stereotypical characterizations of environmentalists in her influential Bad Environmentalism: Irony and Irreverence in the Ecological Age(2018), Nicole Seymour observes that whereas mainstream environmentalism and its media representations frequently evince sensibilities such as sanctimony and self-righteousness, a multitude of recent media objects, including films, appear to eschew such sensibilities, instead responding to environmental discourses through absurdity and irony, as well as “irreverence, ambivalence, camp, frivolity, indecorum, awkwardness, sardonicism, perversity, playfulness, and glee” (2018, 14). While Seymour’s important study of this irreverent turn engages with ecocinema specifically in one chapter, Robin L. Murray and Joseph K.Heumann’s latest collaboration, Film, Environment, Comedy: Eco-Comedies on the Big Screen, seeks to develop Seymour’s approach here, foregrounding the ironic and irreverent in a more sustained focus on eco-comedy films and offering a “strong companion for Seymour’s broad-based study” (2022, 4).
Jumpfrog
Authors: Reda Sheri
Published: August 2023

...
Sentient Conversations
Authors: sun prOphecy
Published: August 2023

We live in a world of reckoning. In history, in politics, in culture, oppressive paradigms are being overturned and new perspectives are unfolding. One significant site(s) of reckoning are the modern, imperial, and colonial constructions of the environment that have served to silence and limit the voice of the non-human world, and our collective understanding of it. In the spirit of this moment, I begin this conversation with a powerful reconsideration:everything is sentient—soil, plants, algae, fungi, trees, birds, worms, rocks, and more. Sophisticated and rootbound, trees cooperate with their kin and communicate their needs. Remembering past events, perceiving and mounting defenses from impending droughts and fire seasons, trees have inseparable bonds with others (Simard 2021). Similarly, lichen are mutually arranged in complex relations to help one another survive and thrive, and provide complex nutrients to the ground and tree lined canopies of Douglas fir, cedars, and spruce (Wohlleben 2016). Michael Hathaway and Willoughby Arévalo articulate how mycorrhizal networks communicate, make decisions, and learn ways to move, coordinate, and tell other fungi about lurking dangers and other events (2023). Sentient and formidable, mycelium feed one another through branched structures and tubes, releasing and responding to chemical signals using amino acids (Hathaway and Arévalo2023).
Pop Up Book Development to Improve Story Ability of Children 5-6 Years Old
Authors: Munawwarah Hidayatul , Rosmala Dewi  , Asih Menanti
Published: August 2023

Abstract: The development of storytelling skills in early childhood is important to note because it is a basic skill for the next level of education. This study aims to produce pop up book media that are valid and can improve early childhood storytelling skills. This research method uses 4D model development research with the stages of define, design, develop, disseminate. Expert judgment is used in the development of pop up books to be continued trials for early childhood to get various responses as input for improvement. Research results for pop up book media products that have been assessed as valid by experts and effective for use in learning to improve storytelling abilities in young children early with the criteria for classifying children's storytelling abilities, children who are categorized as having the ability to tell as many as 12 with details of 2 children are in the developing category according to expectations, and 10 children are in the very developing category. well, it can be said that the child has increased the ability to tell stories.
Malay Islam and Nusantara Islam (Tracking 13 Centuries Of Islam And Malay Synergy For Strengthening Indonesian Indonesia)
Authors: Hayatul Islami  , Ris’an Rusli  , Amilda Sani
Published: August 2023

Malay Islam has become an important part of the development of Islam in Indonesia. Various changes in the face of Islam in Indonesia are caused by various interactions from one region to another. This article attempts to trace Malay Islam to build an Indonesian spirit with various other Islamic traditions. This study uses literature studies to analyze genealogically various synergies and relationships between Malay Islam in the local context and Islam in the archipelago nationally. Obtaining data is taken from literature sources that have been published or not yet published, articles, journals, research reports and relevant writings. Data analysis is used with data sorting and data verification stages. This article concludes that the integration of Islam, Malay and the Archipelago has actually built a strong synergy in building a place where both are present, namely the archipelago. On the one hand, the process of Islamization of the archipelago gave confidence and strength to build brotherhood between nations in this archipelago, from Sabang to Meruke.
Efforts of Council Teacher in Reduce Peer Friends' Bad Prejudice at Madrasah Aliyah Laboratory StudentsiIn State Islamic University of North Sumatera
Authors: Khairuddin Tambusai
Published: August 2023

Abstract: The research aims to find out: (1) The condition of peer prejudice towards Madrasah Aliyah Laboratory (MAL)students at State Islamic University (UIN) North Sumatra and (2) The efforts of counseling teachers in reducing prejudice against MAL students at UIN North Sumatra. The method used in this study is a qualitative method, research data collection is carried out by utilizing observation, interviews, and document review. The steps taken in analyzing the data are by compiling data, connecting data, reducing, presenting data then concluding. Through this research it was found that: (1) The occurrence of prejudice among peer students at MAL UIN-SU Medan was due to errors in reading incorrectly, responding incorrectly, hearing incorrectly, misunderstood, misunderstood, and misunderstood. The conclusions that arise from these mistakes will lead to unfavorable prejudices about something or someone. Among students also there is such a thing. Errors in various matters, as stated above, will create prejudice against his friends, even though this does not actually happen. (2) The efforts of the counseling teacher in reducing the occurrence of prejudice among MAL students at UIN North Sumatra. As for the forms of prejudice that occur among MAL students at UIN North Sumatra Medan, in the observations of researchers, there are several kinds. There are in the form of judging wrongly, staying away or not wanting to approach, bullying, physical harm and slander. All of these forms of prejudice will have a negative impact on students, and (3) The efforts made by the counseling teacher MAL UIN North Sumatra Medan teacher in reducing the occurrence of prejudice among their friends are by carrying out various activities aimed at reducing bad prejudice. At least two approaches have been taken. First by giving an example to each student that prejudice should not occur and showing the various negative consequences it causes. Second, by providing services that has been required in the counseling teacher.
Study Of Maternal Death In Urban And Rural Based On Pregnancy Planning In East Sumba Regency 2014-2018
Authors: Ngundju Awang Mariana , Maria Kristin Diyan , A.A. Woda Wilhelmina
Published: August 2023

Family Planning (Keluarga Berencana/KB) is closely related to reducing Maternal Mortality Rate (MMR). MMR is maternal death during pregnancy, childbirth and the puerperium. Reproductive behavior is a contributor to MMR in this case the 4Ts: too many pregnancies, too close distance, too young, and too old. The 2012 Demographic and Population Survey showed that around 32.5 percent of MMR occurred as a result of giving birth too old and too young, and around 34 percent due to too many pregnancies (more than 3 children). East Sumba Regency MMR in the last 5 years is quite high, number 1 or 2 is the highest in NTT Province after TTS. To determine the characteristics of maternal mortality in 2014 – 2018, pregnancy planning for mothers who died in East Sumba Regency and the relationship between maternal mortality and pregnancy planning in East Sumba Regency in 2014 – 2018. The type of research used is Analytical Descriptive Research with Cross-sectional Method. The population and sample are total maternal mortality from 2014 - 2018 which is 50 in urban and rural areas. Methods of collecting data using interviews using questionnaires to husbands/families of deceased mothers, Village Midwives and Coordinator Midwives regarding complete identity, age, education, occupation, parity, spacing of Acceptor card ownership, information obtained from the Midwife is detailed and systematic before choosing contraception. Most mothers have planned pregnancy but there is a tendency to follow the wishes of the client. Maternal mortality is not related to planning for pregnancy, but pregnant women who do not plan pregnancy well are at greater risk of death than mothers who plan to become pregnant conclusions and implications for nursing practice
Analysis of Learning Difficulties About Introduction to Accounting And Finance of Worksheet Material Learning
Authors: Martodiryo Suratno , Rizky M. , Hadi Rizali
Published: August 2023

The results of the analysis test can be used as a means to know the students' learning difficulties and as a guide to know how to overcome such difficulties. The purpose of this study is to identify and know the causes of learning difficulties on accounting worksheet materials. In analyzing the data presented the difficulty of learning accounting work sheet material based on the cognitive domain. The results showed that students had difficulty working on the worksheet on the dimensions of remembering i.e : "Writing corporate identity and period of worksheet", Categorization and account coding", and on the dimensions of understanding i.e : "Write the code of the newly opened account", and on the dimensions of applying i.e : "Lacking careful when posting post balance and adjusting journal",   "Preparation of balance sheet after adjusted", and on analyzing dimensions: "Specifying real account and nominal account", and on evaluating dimensions i.e : "Determine the profit/loss company," and on the dimensions of creating difficulties caused by difficulties in other dimensions, while the way to overcome learning difficulties accounting worksheet material learning is to continue to practice in working worksheet and often ask to friends and teachers if there is a not understood.
Implementation Of Multicultural Islamic Religious Education Learning In Sd Taman Harapan And Sd Bina Budi Mulia Malang City
Authors: Syamsul Bahri  , Djunaidi Ghony  , Hasan Busri
Published: August 2023

Islamic Religious Education (PAI), which is carried out in a rigid, monotonous, dogmatic, doctrinal, and theological-normative manner, tends to produce outputs that are insensitive to pluralism and can even lead to intolerance and radicalism. This study aims to analyze the values of multicultural Islamic religious education, which are used as guidelines in planning, implementing, and evaluating at SD Taman Harapan and SD Bina Budi Mulia, Malang City. This study uses a type of qualitative research with a phenomenological approach. Data collection techniques were carried out through participant observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation. data analysis technique called Cresswell spiral analysis. The results of the study show that the application of Islamic Religious Education (PAI) learning at SD Taman Harapan and SD Bina Budi Mulia is called Multicultural PAI. Because it starts from the internalization of school policies, namely the vision, mission, goals, and school activities and programs, as planning, to implementation and evaluation, based on multicultural values. The multicultural values that guide the application of PAI learning are: 1) the value of togetherness; 2) the value of tolerance; 3) the value of mutual respect or appreciation; 4) the value of sharing and helping each other; 5) the value of non-discrimination; 6) the value of equivalence; 7) the value of forgiveness; 8) the value of peace; 9) democratic values; 10) the value of caring; 11) the value of cooperation; and 12) religious values. Multicultural value integration practices are additive and contributive. The formalistic approach, informal internalization approach, socio-cultural approach, and individual approach are other approaches
Implementing Multicultural Education Through Relationships with School Social Capital to Promote Social Harmony
Authors: Ginting Elisa Br , Agus Basuki  , Eva Imania Eliasa  , Johannes Sohirimon Lumbanbatu
Published: August 2023

Artikel ini merupakan hasil kerja lapangan yang dilakukan di sejumlah pesantren di wilayah Medan. Tujuan utamanya adalah untuk rumusan awal masalah, yakni untuk mengeksplorasi proses pendidikan antar budaya dan menemukan mekanisme harmonisasi di sekolah. Yang kedua dibahas tentang berbagai kebijakan yang telah diterapkan untuk menciptakan iklim yang mendorong praktik harmonisasi. Proses harmonisasi ini sangat penting untuk mengembangkan iklim sekolah dan lingkungan belajar yang toleran, damai, dan saling menghargai. Ide kedua yang ingin ditelaah oleh penulis dalam esai ini adalah rencana sekolah dalam mengimplementasikan pendidikan multikultural dengan menggunakan modal sosialnya sendiri. Data yang diperoleh dengan menggunakan metode kualitatif dan metodologi studi kasus menunjukkan bahwa sekolah memiliki kewajiban dan harapan berupa visi dan misi yang dapat meningkatkan persatuan menuju sekolah multikultural. Para peneliti sampai pada kesimpulan bahwa sekolah lebih dari sekadar tempat transfer informasi antara guru dan murid di bawah arahan kurikulum. Sekolah juga tempat di masyarakat. Pendidikan sehari-hari termasuk pendidikan antar budaya. Modal sosial yang digunakan adalah modal sosial yang dikemukakan oleh James Coleman, yang dimiliki oleh masing-masing komunitas. Di sini, kita melihat bahwa untuk melestarikan komunitasnya, warga sekolah perlu memiliki sumber daya. Dalam hal ini, keharmonisan dalam interaksi sosial sekolah
Islamic Boarding School Leaders' Policy Analysis in Raising The Standard of Islamic Education in Jambi Province
Authors: Khairani Miftahul , Maisah  , Kasful Anwar Us
Published: August 2023

Abtract: The argument ofthis research is that in realizing the quality of Islamic education requires policies of Islamic boarding school leaders who have perspective and are quality-oriented. The research method used is qualitative with a multicase study design. Data collection techniques use: observation, interviews, and documentation. Research findings that: 1) The development of Islamic boarding schools in Jambi Province has increased rapidly afterthe Covid-19 pandemic; 2) Policy stages; Planning, organizing, implementing, controlling, and evaluating have not been optimally carried out in pesantren: Al-Hidayah Sarolangun, Al-Baqiyatush Shalihat Tanjung Jabung Barat, and Al-Kinanah  3)  Thestrategy of implementing policies is strongly supported by strong leadership, effective communication, and participation in formulating and implementing  related policies  are still constrained in infrastructure, human resources, and supported by governance  in improving quality; 4) The development of Islamic boarding schools in an effort to improve the quality of Islamic Education is still constrained by the commitment of  the leadership in financing  pesantren; 5) Out put Islamic boarding schools are  enough to contribute to the people of Jambi Province but are still not optimal to be empowered.
Indonesia's Role In Conflict Resolution In Afghanistan Through Soft Power
Authors: Fajar  , Rachman Arif , Halkis Mhd.
Published: August 2023

This research focuses on Indonesia's role in resolving the conflict in Afghanistan through soft power, specifically through cultural and religious equality approaches. The study highlights that the conflict in Afghanistan has had a negative impact on the country's development and stability. Indonesia's special attitude towards foreign policy activities involving Muslim countries is influenced by its large Muslim population and ties with other Muslim countries. The study utilizes qualitative methods, specifically a descriptive-analytic approach, to analyze the subject matter. The research subjects range from books, documents, regulations, meeting minutes, diaries, and historical artifacts. The findings indicate that Indonesia's soft power approach through cultural diversity and tolerance, as well as religious similarity, have contributed to its role as a mediator in the Afghan conflict. The research highlights the Indonesian government's efforts as well as the involvement of Afghan people in Indonesia and moderate Islamic organizations such as the Nahdlatul Ulama and Muhammadiyah. Overall, this study sheds light on Indonesia's significant role in resolving the conflict in Afghanistan through soft power approaches.
Geochemical Analysis of Hot Springs in Massepe, Tellu Limpoe Sidenreng Rappang Regency, South Sulawesi Province, Indonesia
Authors: Arifin M. Fauzi , Fachri Hendra , Azikin Busthan
Published: August 2023

Location of the study is administratively located in the District Tellu Limpoe, Sidenreng Rappang Regency in South Sulawesi Province. Geographically located at coordinate 119°47'00" – 119°49'00" east longitude and 04°00'00"– 04°02’00" latitude. This study aims to determine the geological conditions and geochemical, it is hot spring types, and subsurface temperature of the geothermal Massepe area Sidenreng Rappang district of South Sulawesi Province. Methods of research are conducted in the form of data collection methods and methods of geological and geochemical laboratory analysis. The geomorphology of the study area consists of one unit, the unit is flat. The type of developing river is the river periodically with stadia geomorphology including adults. The stratigraphy of the study area is divided into two units of rocks, it is rock units of ignimbrite from Pare – Pare Volcanics Formation of Pliocene age and rock units of basalt from Soppeng Volcanics Formation of Early Miocene – Middle Miocene. The structure that developed in the research area is a joint and strike–slip fault, it is a Massepestrike–slip fault. Geothermal manifestations in the study area consist of 3 stations hotspring. The percentage values of ion content of HCO3-, Cl-, and SO42- in hot water samples were analyzed, indicating that the hot springs area of research, including the chloride water type. Estimation of subsurface temperature by using the geothermometer Na - K in the research area at station 1 – 3 is 162°C - 168°C, using the geothermometer Na - K - Mg are known, that the hot springs in the area of research included in partially equilibrated.
THE EFFECT OF FOREIGN DEBT, FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT, AND INFLATION ON ECONOMIC GROWTH IN 7 ASEAN COUNTRIES FOR THE PERIOD 2012-2020
Authors: Yuliana Shella , Aida Neli , Ratih Taher Arivina , Suparta I Wayan
Published: August 2023

This study intends to conduct empirical testing related to the effect of foreign debt, foreign direct investment, and inflation on economic growth in 7 ASEAN Countries during the period 2012-2020. The research method uses a quantitative approach with populations using Indonesia, Thailand, the Philippines, Myanmar, Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia. The data analysis technique uses panel data regression with skunder research data type. The results showed that partially foreign debt had a negative and significant effect on economic growth. Meanwhile, foreign direct investment has a positive and significant effect on economic growth. Meanwhile, inflation also has a positive and significant effect on economic growth. However, simultaneously, foreign debt, foreign direct investment, and inflation affected economic growth in 7 ASEAN countries during the 2012-2020 period.
ANALYSIS OF INFORMATION ON THE INFLUENCE OF VACCINE ON THE LEVEL OF PARTICIPATION OF COVID-19 VACCINATION IN VARIOUS PUSKESMAS IN NTT PROVINCE
Authors: Sidarta Sagita  , Maria Agnes E. Djeha  , I Made Artawan
Published: August 2023

Public knowledge about COVID-19 and vaccines can support the success of programs to deal with this disease. The scope of providing vaccine information in Indonesia is not maximized because it is still new and some people refuse to be vaccinated for reasons of worry about the safety and effectiveness of vaccines, they express distrust of vaccines and question the halalness of vaccines . To find out Information Analysis About the Effect of Vaccines on the Participation Rate of Covid-19 Vaccination at Various Health Centers in NTT Province . Obtain research knowledge regarding the influence of Information Analysis on the Effect of Vaccines on the Participation Rate of Covid-19 Vaccination at Various Health Centers in the Province of NTT. This research is also useful for helping research subjects increase their knowledge and insight into knowledge by participating in the COVID-19 vaccination at various NTT Provincial Health Centers .
AVALIADOR INGÊNUO E CRÍTICO: um estudo sobre perfis de avaliadores de revistas científicas na área de turismo
Authors: Costa Moabe
Published: August 2023

Objetivou-se refletir sobre contribuições dos avaliadores de revistas científicas para o desenvolvimento da pesquisa em uma área multidisciplinar. Nossa metodologia segue a hermenêutica dialética transformacional. Construímos uma ação interpretativa que prioriza analogias e contradições contidas no nosso objeto: processos avaliativos de dois artigos submetidos a duas revistas brasileiras que têm posicionamentos semelhantes no sistema de classificação da CAPES. Contribuímos com reflexões sobre características do artigo científico na área do turismo e sobre o perfil do avaliador. O avaliador ingênuo não consegue se desprender de suas escolhas teóricas-metodológicas e foca seu parecer na busca do erro dos autores, geralmente, apontando para aspectos complementares ao texto científico. Consideramos que o avaliador de revistas científicas contribui com o desenvolvimento da pesquisa, quando, de forma crítica, compreende as inúmeras possibilidades de construções teóricas-metodológicas da disciplina e dialoga com os autores a partir das dimensões técnicas e semióticas contidas no texto submetido. Assim, identifica suas potencialidades e aplicabilidades, e, caso seja pertinente, oferece caminhos para sua publicação.
Kesedaran Terhadap Sumber Tenaga Boleh Diperbaharui dalam kalangan Remaja di Malaysia
Authors: Ramli Farah Fazida , M.Yasin Ruhizan
Published: August 2023

Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengukur kesedaran terhadap sumber tenaga boleh diperbaharui dalam kalangan remaja di Malaysia. Tahap kesedaran ini merangkumi elemen pengetahuan, sikap dan tingkah laku pelajar terhadap tenaga boleh diperbaharui. Sorotan kajian lepas mendapati penyelidikan dalam kesedaran berkaitan sumber tenaga boleh diperbaharui dalam kalangan remaja belum diteroka sepenuhnya di Malaysia. Justeru, kajian ini telah melibatkan seramai 384 orang responden yang terdiri daripada remaja berusia 10 hingga 19 tahun di beberapa buah negeri di Malaysia menggunakan persampelan rawak mudah. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan kaedah soal selidik menggunakan medium Google Forms dan juga serahan borang soal selidik. Pautan Google Forms yang lengkap dengan kesemua bahagian soal selidik diberikan kepada responden melalui aplikasi Telegram dan WhatsApp. Analisis data secara statistik deskriptif menggunakan perisian SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences) digunakan dalam kajian ini. Dapatan menunjukkan tahap kesedaran terhadap sumber tenaga boleh diperbaharui di kalangan responden adalah sangat baik. Ini jelas menunjukkan remaja telah didedahkan sedari awal persekolahan berkaitan sumber tenaga. Ini sejajar dengan hasrat kerajaan untuk memperluaskan penggunaan sumber tenaga boleh diperbaharui terutama penggunaan tenaga solar menjelang tahun 2040. Sebagai cadangan, reka bentuk kajian kualitatif boleh diaplikasikan bagi menyelidik isu ini pada masa hadapan. Kajian juga boleh dilaksanakan untuk melihat perbezaan tahap pengetahuan dan sikap terhadap sumber tenaga boleh diperbaharui dalam kalangan remaja Malaysia untuk mendapatkan maklum balas yang lebih tepat dan komprehensif.
Pengaruh Produksi, Harga Internasional, dan Nilai Tukar Rupiah Terhadap Ekspor Kakao di Indonesia Periode Tahun 2012-2021
Authors: Utami Niza , Nurlaila Nurlaila , Armayani Reni Ria
Published: August 2023

Indonesia is a developing country with an abundance of natural resources. This abundant natural resource wealth is a distinct advantage for Indonesia, this natural wealth produces a variety of commodities that can become a source of state revenue by trading them. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of cocoa production, international cocoa prices, and the rupiah exchange rate on the value of cocoa exports in Indonesia. The data used in this research is secondary data. Data sources were obtained from various institutions such as the Central Statistics Agency, Bank Indonesia, World Bank, Ministry of Agriculture, International Cocoa Organization and other sources related to this research. This research is explanatory research in nature. In this research, a quantitative approach was used. The data analysis technique uses multiple linear regression tests. The results of the study, namely, cocoa production has no significant effect on the value of cocoa exports in Indonesia. International prices have a significant effect on the value of cocoa exports in Indonesia. The rupiah exchange rate has a significant effect on the value of cocoa exports in Indonesia.

Keywords: Production, Internasional Prices, Rupiah Exchange Rate
PERSPEKTIF HUKUM PERSAINGAN USAHA PADA SEPEDA MOTOR (MATIC) PERJANJIAN HARGA DI ANTARA ENTERPREAUNERS
Authors: Novian Desri , Arman M La Ode
Published: August 2023

Situasi yang paling umum menunjukkan bahwa hanya ada beberapa pengusaha yang memiliki pengaruh besar pada suatu industri yang berdampak pada kecenderungan pasar yang dominan. Fenomena ini akan menciptakan situasi para pengusaha untuk melakukan kesepakatan penentuan harga yang sama di bawah kerja sama untuk mengambil keuntungan yang lebih besar dari kegiatan bisnis. Dalam hal situasi keluar adalah kesepakatan yang menentukan harga barang tertentu di pasar atau wilayah tertentu. Penelitian ini merupakan deskriptif analitis yang mengarah pada pendekatan yuridis normatif. Data dalam penelitian ini merupakan sumber data sekunder, yang terdiri dari bahan hukum primer, sekunder dan tersier. Fenomena perjanjian penetapan harga adalah perjanjian yang dilarang yang diterbitkan dalam Pasal 5 dan Pasal 11 UU No. 5 Tahun 1999. Perspektif hukum perdata, perjanjian itu dinyatakan tidak sah, karena bertentangan dengan ketentuan Pasal 1320 KUHP Perdata, yang dimaksudkan untuk dianggap sebagai perjanjian pertukaran yang disepakati. Kesepakatan dibuat untuk menentukan harga skuter matic 110-125 cc antara PT Yamaha Indonesia Motor dengan PT Astra Honda Motor, berawal dari adanya komunikasi antara kedua perusahaan manajemen melalui email resmi perusahaan. Dalam percakapan melalui email tersebut, Bapak Yukata Terada selaku Presiden Direktur Kojima meminta kepada kelompok manajemen pemasaran untuk mengikuti pola kenaikan harga mulai Januari 2014 sebagai janji kepada Bapak Inuma selaku Presiden Direktur Honda.Dampak dari perjanjian tersebut menentukan harga skuter matic tipe 110-125 cc buatan PT.  yang menyebabkan banyak kerugian bagi konsumen.
PENERAPAN RESTORATIF JUSTICE TERHADAP ANAK SEBAGAI PELAKU TINDAK PIDANA PENYALAHGUNAAN NARKOTIKA DITINJAU DARI UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 35 TAHUN 2014 TENTANG PERLINDUNGAN ANAK
Authors: Surya Didik , Marzuki Marzuki , Miroharjo Didik
Published: August 2023

Penyalahgunaan narkotika oleh anak saat ini menjadi perhatian banyak orang dan terus menerus dibicarakan dan dipublikasikan. Permasalahan dalam ini adalah bagaimana pengaturan hukum bagi anak yang  berkonflik dengan hukum menurut Undang-Undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2012 Tentang Sistem Peradilan Pidana Anak, bagaimana perlindungan hukum terhadap anak sebagai pelaku tindak pidana narkotika, bagaimana hambatan kepolisian dalam penegakan hukum terhadap anak sebagai pelaku tindak pidana penyalahgunaan narkotika. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dipahami bahwa Hambatan kepolisian dalam penegakan hukum terhadap anak sebagai pelaku tindak pidana penyalahgunaan narkotika adalah kurangnya kesadaran masyarakat awam tentang peran mereka dalam upaya pencegahan dan pemberantasan penyalahgunaan narkotika oleh anak.
RESTORATIVE JUSTICE DALAM PROSES PENYIDIKAN TERHADAP ANAK SEBAGAI PELAKU TINDAK PIDANA PERSETUBUHAN
Authors: Nasution Fahrul Rozi , Mustamam Mustamam , Mukidi Mukidi
Published: August 2023

Sistem peradilan anak mempunyai kekhususan, dimana terhadap anak sebagai suatu kajian hukum yang khusus, membutuhkan aparat-aparat yang secara khusus diberi wewenang untuk menyelenggarakan proses peradilan pidana terhadap anak yang berhadapan dengan hukum. Rumusan masalah ini adalah  bagaimana  pengaturan hukum restorative justice dalam proses penyidikan terhadap anak sebagai pelaku tindak pidana, bagaimana penerapan prinsip restorative justice dalam proses penyidikan terhadap anak sebagai pelaku tindak pidana persetubuhan, bagaimana hambatan  penyidik menerapkan prinsip restorative justice terhadap anak sebagai pelaku tindak pidana persetubuhan pidana persetubuhan Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengaturan hukum restoratif justice terhadap anak sebagai pelaku tindak pidana kekerasan diatur dalam Undang-Undang No. 11 Tahun 2012 tentang Sistem Peradilan Pidana Anak. Hakim tidak memberikan restorative justice dengan melaksanakan diversi terhadap anak yang melakukan tindak pidana kekerasan terlihat dalam putusan hakim dimana hakim hanya mengacu pada pasal-pasal pelaksanaan diversi dalam UU Nomor 11 Tahun 2012, PERMA Nomor 4 Tahun 2014 dan KUHP.  Penerapan restorative justice  terhadap tindak pidana kekerasan yang mengakibatkan korban meninggal yang dilakukan oleh anak mendapatkan hambatan dalam penerapannya sepertimasih sangat terbatasnya baik sarana fisik bangunan tempat pelaksanaan restorative justice.
PERBUATAN MELAWAN HUKUM AKIBAT MEMBANGUN RUMAH DI ATAS TANAH WAKAF
Authors: Ammar Dikko
Published: August 2023

Penguasaan tanah tanpa hak merupakan suatu penguasaan tanah yang dilakukan oleh seseorang atau badan hukum untuk menikmati atau menggunakan tanah tersebut yang bukan tanah miliknya tanpa alas hak dan juga secara melawan hukum. Praktek wakaf yang terjadi dalam kehidupan masyarakat belum sepenuhnya berjalan tertib dan efisien sehingga dalam berbagai kasus harta benda wakaf tidak terpelihara sebagaimana mestinya, terlantar, beralih ke tangan pihak ketiga atau ke tangan ahli waris dengan cara melawan hukum. Keadaan demikian, hanya karena kelalaian atau ketidakmampuan nazhir dalam mengelola dan mengembangkan harta benda wakaf. Hal itu juga karena sikap masyarakat yang kurang peduli atau memahami status harta benda wakaf yang seharusnya dilindungi demi kesejahteraan umum sesuai dengan tujuan, fungsi, dan peruntukan wakaf. Akibat hukum pemakaian hak atas tanah oleh pihak yang tidak berhak di atas tanah wakaf, maka perbuatan tersebut adalah perbuatan melawan hukum.
PENYELESAIAN SENGKETA PINJAM PAKAI ATAS TANAH ULAYAT ANTARA SULTAN DELI DENGAN PT. KERETA API INDONESIA (PERSERO)
Authors: Rahmadani Gema
Published: August 2023

Penundaan Kewajiban Pembayaran Utang (PKPU) adalah suatu masa yang diberikan oleh Hakim Pengadilan Niaga kepada debitur dan kreditur untuk menegosiasikan cara-cara pembayaran utang debitur, baik sebagian maupun seluruhnya termasuk apabila perlu merestrukturisasi utang tersebut. Penundaan Kewajiban Pembayaran Utang (PKPU) dalam praktik dapat memberi manfaat yang maksimal untuk menghindari perusahaan dari keadaan pailit. PKPU sangat bermanfaat, karena perdamaian yang dilakukan melalui PKPU akan mengikat kreditur lain di luar PKPU, sehingga debitur dapat melanjutkan restrukturisasi usahanya, tanpa takut dilakukan tagihan-tagihan kreditur-kreditur yang berada di luar PKPU. Kreditur juga terjamin melalui PKPU, karena apabila terjadi pelanggaran terhadap perjanjian perdamaian tersebut, maka kreditur dapat mengajukan permohonan pembatalan perjanjian perdamaian kepada Pengadilan Niaga dan debitur akan otomatis dinyatakan pailit.
KEPASTIAN HUKUM PENGHENTIAN PENYIDIKAN OLEH PELAKU TINDAK PIDANA PEMBUNUHAN YANG DIDASARI PADA TINDAKAN PEMBELAAN TERPAKSA YANG MELAMPAUI BATAS (NOODWEER EXCEES)
Authors: Ali Tengku Mabar
Published: August 2023

Pengaturan mengenai pembelaan terpaksa yang melampaui batas di dalam KUHP yang lama dengan KUHP yang Baru terdapat perbedaan yang begitu siginifikan. Apabila dalam KUHP yang lama pembalaan terpaksa yang melampaui batas kategorikan sebagai alasan pembenar, sebaliknya dalam KUHP Baru dikategorikan sebagai alasan pemaaf. Hal ini dapat dilihat secara jelas dalam Paragraf 2 tentang Alasan Pemaaf dalam KUHP Baru. Penerapan hukum pembelaan terpaksa (noodweer excess) dalam proses peradilan pidana saat sekarang ini belum menunjukkan kepastian hukum dan keadilan. Penerapan hukum pembelaan terpaksa yang melampaui batas (noodweer exces) yang lebih berkeadilan dan berkepastian hukum dalam sistem hukum pidana di Indonesia, yaitu dengan dikategorikan sebagai alasan pemaaf, bukanlah sebagai alasan pembenar, yang berimplikasi pada hapusnya kesalahan, bukan menghapuskan sifat perbuatan melawan hukum pada suatu perbuatan pidana. Oleh karenanya, tidak dapat dilakukan penghentian penyidikan, tetapi harus dibuktikan melalui proses pembuktian di muka persidangan, yang menjadi wewenang hakim untuk menilai dan memutus apakah unsur pembelaan terpaksa melampaui batas pada perbuatan terdakwa dipenuhi atau tidak. Penghentian penyidikan terhadap tersangka yang diduga melakukan tindak pidana pembunuhan yang didasari pada keadaan pembelaan terpaksa yang melampaui batas (noodweer excess) oleh penyidikan tidaklah memiliki dasar hukum yang kuat dalam undang-undang hukum pidana, melainkan didasari pada tindakan diskresi, sehingga belum memiliki kepastian hukum. Bahkan dapat dikatakan telah bertentangan dengan ketentuan hukum pidana yang berlaku (positif), baik KUHP sebagai hukum pidana matriil maupun KUHAP sebagai hukum pidana formil.
The Relationship Between Knowledge and Work Productivity in the Hospital Office Section
Authors: Uly Nilawati , Ishak Ishak , Azari Nurul , Zamli Zamli
Published: August 2023

The objective of the research to analyze the relationship between knowledge and work productivity in office staff at the Sawerigading Regional General Hospital (RSUD) in Palopo City in 2022. This research design uses a quantitative method using a cross-sectional approach, namely a research method that places more emphasis on the time of observation of independent and dependent variable data only once at a time. This research was conducted in the office room of the Sawerigading Regional General Hospital Palopo City. The result of the research showed that there is a significant relationship between knowledge and work productivity in the office staff of the Sawerigading Regional General Hospital (RSUD) Palopo City in 2022. The statistical test results using the chi square test were obtained (p value < .05) = .012, so H0 was rejected.
©2023 by the Authors. This Article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Authors: James Sunday
Published: August 2023

Many secret signs and symbols area associated with the Yoruba as we have it amongst many tribes in Nigeria. Some of these signs and symbols have deep meanings and have connotations amongst the tribe. They form the everyday language of the people and a thorough understanding of them is key in their relationship with one another as a people. The objective of this study is to express the cultural connotations of selected symbols in relation to the Yoruba people of Nigeria. The study hinges on the theories of Mimesis, Structural Formalism and Semiotics. This was validated through ethnographic study of symbols such as art, architecture, clothing, body marks and decorations among others to discover deep and hidden information about cultural beliefs and assumptions among the people under study. Pertinent literatures were reviewed, interviews were conducted, information was sourced from the internet and personal experience was explored. The study points out to the fact that a lot of deep and secret meanings are attached to the selected signs and symbols. The paper concludes that meanings expressed are generally accepted by a host of the Yoruba people; however, there could be slight differences in belief system from one locality to another. The paper had contributed to the pool of knowledge by bringing unknown and hidden meanings of selected signs and symbols of the Yoruba people to limelight. The paper recommends that signs and symbols commonly used in communication among the Yoruba people of Nigeria should incorporated into the curricula of schools; especially Yoruba as a subject and taught to preserve the tradition from extinction. It is also recommended that folklores, mythology and oral tradition be encouraged among younger generation so as to preserve cultural values.
Analysis of Methods used to Create Digital Signals Fingerprints
Authors: Alqadi Ziad , Khrisat Mohammad Sleman
Published: August 2023

Digital signals are used in many vital applications, and since the volume of this data is very large, it is necessary to represent this data with a set of values and in a small size in order to increase the speed of processing the digital signal, because the applications that use this data need a high execution speed. In this paper research a detailed study of kmeans clustering and wavelet packet tree decomposition will be introduced, Using these methods to process any type of digital signals will lead to represent the digital data by a set of small number of values, this set will be used as a fingerprint to identify the digital data. Kmeans clustering method and wavelet tree decomposition will be used to create a fingerprints for speech signals, color images and gray images, the obtained results will be analyzed to give the user a bets way to create a fingerprint for any type of digital data, which is required to build any computer system, which use the digital data as an input.
Information security based on sub-system keys generator by utilizing polynomials method and logic gate
Authors: Jabbar Khalid Kadhim , Hailal Hussain A. , Naser Aysar Thamer
Published: August 2023

Information security is the biggest and most complex problem at present because of its great impact on modern software in all fields. Therefore, many researchers are working to develop modern methods of protecting data from modification or theft or even accessing it in one way or another. As dealing with data is a very sensitive matter in terms of sending this data from one party to another through the Internet or social media. The protection of that data requires the use of algorithms to encrypt or conceal the data with the proposed and used algorithms, and these algorithms work based on the proposed key exchange principle, so many of these algorithms need a key generator to work with other than the key is public or private for encryption or decryption the blade. Our proposed developed a key generation sub-system, as this system consists of two parts, the first part aimed to generate the first key (the first 64-bit subkey), while the second part (the second subsystem) will generate the second key (the second subkey is 64-bit). As the two sub-systems work to generate keys in different ways, the first system uses the principle of electronic gates to generate the keys randomly, while the second system uses binary text and LFSR. The idea in these sub-systems is that they work together in encrypting and decrypting data, requiring that the sender and receiver have the keys to complete the process. The results obtained from the two subsystems show the power in protecting data from reading or decoding its code, as the message consists of only a part of the key and the second part is at the receiver, and this gives stronger immunity in this encrypted data.
On permutation topological groups with their basic properties
Authors: Musawi Abu Firas Muhammad Jawad Al , Suleiman Enoch
Published: August 2023

In this research, one of the non-classical sets, the permutation set, is utilized to analyze a new class of topological groups induced by β-sets, it is named permutation topological groups, and investigates some of its basic features. In addition, several results are applied to our permutation topological group class.
A4-graph for the twisted group 3D4 (3)
Authors: Hamid Salwa Mohammed , Aubad Ali Abd
Published: August 2023

Assume that G is a finite group and X = tG where t is non-identity element with t3 = 1. The simple graph with node set being X such that a, b ∈ X, are adjacent if ab-1 is an involution element, is called the A4-graph, and designated by A4(G, X). In this article, the construction of A4(G, X) is analyzed for G is the twisted group of Lie type 3D4(3).
Triple vertex of cycle graph for polyalphabetic encryption scheme
Authors: Kadhim Manal Hatif , Ajeena Ruma Kareem K.
Published: August 2023

A new version of the polyalphabetic encryption scheme (PES) has been proposed based on the triple vertex cycle graph (TVCG). In the current study, a new definition for TVCG is given. The PES has been modified based on the TVCG. The security in comparison with the previous symmetric encryption schemes is increased. The ciphertext of the plaintext, in the proposed PES, is sent to the receiver entity as the TVCG. Based on cycle graph Cn, the TVCG is created depending on the encrypted letters of the plaintext bits and the rules of a secret key. In the current study, a study case of the proposed TVCG-PES is presented as a new experimental result. Then, the security issues of the TVCG-PES are determined. The TVCGPES is considered as a new insight for more secure communications.