bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Destins de l’homosexualité dans le mouvement psychanalytique
Authors: Drescher Jack , Sebag Clémence
Published: April 2017

Aujourd’hui, l’Academy of Psychoanalysis and Dynamic Psychiatry 2 est ouverte aux membres gays et lesbiens. Pourtant, quand elle fut fondée en 1956 la position du mouvement psychanalytique sur l’homosexualité était pour le moins hostile. Longtemps, ce fut la théorie élaborée par Freud au début de sa carrière – assimilant homosexualité à immaturité – qui prima. Celle-ci céda le pas à des théories néofreudiennes qui pathologisaient l’attirance pour une personne de même sexe – ainsi que les comportements qui y affèrent. Suite à la décision, en 1973, par l’American Psychiatric Association 3 de retirer l’homosexualité du dsm, l’homosexualité commença – et continue – à être plus communément considérée comme une variante normale de la sexualité humaine. L’histoire des prises de position successives de la psychanalyse sur l’homosexualité n’a fait que renforcer l’idée qu’on ne peut séparer les théories psychanalytiques du contexte politique, culturel, et personnel dans lequel elles ont été formulées. Lorsque l’on retrace l’évolution des mentalités, l’on se rend compte du niveau d’influence qu’on pu et que peuvent avoir les analystes, autant pour faciliter que pour freiner la tolérance et la reconnaissance.
Le désir inconscient et le codicille du sujet freudien
Authors: D’Icarahy Marlise Eugénie
Published: April 2017

Cet article examine certaines articulations freudiennes et lacaniennes sur le fantasme et le désir, afin de répondre à la question proposée, à savoir : existe-t-il un élément constant dans le désir humain, bien que sa caractéristique la plus visible soit d’être métonymique ?
Les paradoxes de la jouissance et la fin de l’analyse
Authors: Ferreira Nadiá Paulo , Ducerisier François
Published: April 2017

Le texte est construit autour de la question suivante : comment un analyste devrait-il se positionner face à la demande et comment devrait-il diriger le traitement ?
Psychanalyse, xénophobie : quelques réflexions
Authors: Bernardo Fuks Betty
Published: April 2017

Cet article explique largement l’antisémitisme, l’anti-féminisme et l’homophobie, à la lumière de la théorie psychanalytique, en tenant compte du contexte historique et politique dans lequel elle est née et s’est développée. Nous insistons sur le fait que la psychanalyse est devenue une pratique qui s’oppose aux préjugés, produisant ainsi des effets libérateurs sur la culture. Ce qui n’empêche pas quelques institutions psychanalytiques et quelques psychanalystes de développer des idéologies xénophobes.
Freud, le féminisme et la diversité : des transformations dans la représentation du corps de la femme à l’irréductible de l’altérité sexuelle
Authors: Fontenele Laéria , Ducerisier François
Published: April 2017

On soutient que Freud, en rejetant les oppositions normatives et hiérarchiques entre le normal et le pathologique, le psychique et le somatique, l’organique et le physique, la réalité et le fantasme, le masculin et le féminin, l’homosexualité et l’hétéro-sexualité, est celui qui a ouvert la voie sur laquelle il a été possible de bâtir un terrain épistémologique, éthique et politique, apte à ancrer la diversité sexuelle humaine comme valeur de vérité.
Effect of Topical Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs on Pupillary Size During Uncomplicated Cataract Surgery
Authors: Rodríguez-García Alejandro , Hernández-Camarena Julio C. , López-Jaime Gilberto R. , Nava-García José A.
Published: April 2017

PURPOSE:

To compare the effectiveness of three different topical nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in inhibiting surgically induced miosis during uncomplicated cataract phacoemulsification.

METHODS:

Prospective, randomized, double-masked comparative study of patients aged 40 years or older with grades II to III cataracts (Lens Opacities Classification System) and no other comorbidities. Participants were randomized into four groups: 0.1% nepafenac, 0.03% flurbiprofen, 0.4% ketorolac, or lubricant (control group). Medications were applied three times, starting 90 minutes before surgery at 30-minute intervals. Phacoemulsification was performed by the same surgeon using the stop-and-chop technique. Pupillary area and vertical and horizontal pupil diameters were measured at five surgical stages and analyzed with a computerized image system. Multiple comparison tests were performed to analyze intergroup differences. A
P
value of less than .05 was considered statistically significant.

RESULTS:

A total of 88 eyes were included in the study (22 eyes per group). Maximum pupillary area at the end of surgery was observed in the nepafenac group (62.72 ± 9.75 mm
2
) versus the ketorolac, flurbiprofen, and control groups (
P
= .003,
P
=.001, and
P
< .001, respectively). The percentage of pupillary area loss at the end of surgery was 7.50% with nepafenac, 9.84% with flurbiprofen, 10.09% with ketorolac, and 13.83% with control. A trend to larger pupillary area and diameters was found in the nepafenac, flurbiprofen, and ketorolac groups compared with the control group, with better performance in maintaining larger pupil diameters and area in the nepafenac group at all surgical stages.

CONCLUSIONS:

All NSAIDs were effective in maintaining intraoperative mydriasis during uncomplicated cataract phacoemulsification compared to the control group.

[
J Refract Surg
. 2017;33(4):236–242.]
Effects of Short-term Preoperative Topical Ketorolac on Pupil Diameter in Eyes Undergoing Femtosecond Laser–Assisted Capsulotomy
Authors: Diakonis Vasilios F. , Kontadakis Georgios A. , Anagnostopoulos Apostolos G. , Yesilirmak Nilufer , Waren Daniel P. , Cabot Florence , Yoo Sonia H. , Donaldson Kendall E.
Published: April 2017

PURPOSE:

To assess pupil diameter before and after femtosecond laser–assisted capsulotomy in patients who were pretreated with a short-term topical nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) (ketorolac) versus those without pretreatment.

METHODS:

This prospective, randomized, observational case series included consecutive patients scheduled to undergo cataract extraction using the Catalys femtosecond laser platform (Abbott Medical Optics, Inc., Santa Ana, CA) to perform only capsulotomies. The same protocol for preoperative medical mydriasis was used for all patients, whereas pupil diameter was assessed using a surgical ruler immediately before and 3 minutes after femtosecond laser–assisted capsulotomy. The patients were divided into two groups: one received short-term topical ketorolac preoperatively and the other did not receive NSAID pretreatment (control).

RESULTS:

A total of 42 eyes of 42 patients (1 eye per patient) were included in the study. Mean pupillary miosis was 0.79 ± 1.08 and 1.57 ± 1.19 mm for the ketorolac and control groups, respectively. There was a statistically significant decrease in pupil diameter for both groups individually (
P
< .05). There was also a statistically significant difference between the two groups (
P
< .05) with the induced miosis in the eyes that did not receive topical NSAIDs prior to cataract extraction being twofold greater when compared with the miosis of the eyes that received ketorolac pretreatment.

CONCLUSIONS:

Short-term topical use of ketorolac prior to femtosecond laser–assisted cataract surgery seems to induce significantly less pupillary miosis in comparison to eyes that did not receive NSAID pretreatment. NSAID use is advised prior to femtosecond laser–assisted cataract surgery to minimize pupil miosis–related surgical difficulties or complications during cataract extraction.

[
J Refract Surg.
2017;33(4):230–234.]
Preliminary Evidence of Successful Near Vision Enhancement With a New Technique: PrEsbyopic Allogenic Refractive Lenticule (PEARL) Corneal Inlay Using a SMILE Lenticule
Authors: Jacob Soosan , Kumar Dhivya Ashok , Agarwal Amar , Agarwal Athiya , Aravind Ramalingam , Saijimol A. I.
Published: April 2017

PURPOSE:

To describe a new technique (PrEsbyopic Allogenic Refractive Lenticule [PEARL] inlay) using an allogenic corneal inlay prepared from a small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) lenticule.

METHODS:

A SMILE lenticule of specified thickness (mean: 61.5 ± 3.32
µ
m) was trephined at the center to 1-mm diameter and implanted in the cornea on the coaxially sighted light reflex under a femtosecond laser–created cap of 120
µ
m in the nondominant eye of presbyopic patients.

RESULTS:

Four emmetropic presbyopic patients underwent PEARL inlay implantation in the nondominant eye. In the operated eye, uncorrected near visual acuity at 33 cm improved from J8 to J2 in one and from J5, J6, and J7, respectively, to J2 in three operated eyes with improvement between three and five lines in all eyes. Uncorrected intermediate visual acuity ranged between J3 and J5 at 67 cm and uncorrected distance visual acuity remained 20/20 in the operated eye and binocularly. The patients were comfortable and reported independence from glasses for near, intermediate, and distance for all of their routine visual tasks for the 6-month follow-up period. There were no complaints of dysphotopsia or troublesome night glare/halos. All lenticules remained well centered during the follow-up and no lenticule-induced complications were seen. All patients reported satisfaction with the surgical procedure. Topography showed a central area of prolateness corresponding to the PEARL inlay. The inlay was not visible on naked eye examination.

CONCLUSIONS:

This preliminary study demonstrates the safety and efficacy of a PEARL corneal inlay for presbyopic correction. Further studies are recommended to determine long-term outcomes.

[
J Refract Surg.
2017;33(4):224–229.]
Intraoperative Optical Coherence Tomography Vault Measurement in Posterior Chamber Phakic Intraocular Lens Implantation
Authors: Tan Tien-En , Liu Yu-Chi , Jayasinghe Lasitha Saroj , Mehta Jodhbir S.
Published: April 2017

PURPOSE:

To describe the use of intraoperative optical coherence tomography (OCT) vault measurement in 5 cases of posterior chamber phakic intraocular lens (IOL) implantation.

METHODS:

This case series included 5 eyes in 3 consecutive patients undergoing phakic IOL implantation. RTVue OCT (Optovue, Inc., Fremont, CA) was used to obtain intraoperative vault measurements after pupil constriction. Visante OCT (Carl Zeiss Meditec, Jena, Germany) was used to obtain postoperative vault measurements.

RESULTS:

Intraoperative vault measurements ranged from 228 to 1,060
µ
m. There were no postoperative complications. Postoperative OCT vault measurements ranged from 230 to 670
µ
m.

CONCLUSIONS:

Intraoperative OCT can be a useful tool in phakic IOL implantation to provide real-time intraoperative vault measurements. This may help to confirm appropriate phakic IOL sizing and guide decision-making at the time of surgery.

[
J Refract Surg.
2017;33(4):274–277.]
IL-7Rα Expression Regulates Murine Dendritic Cell Sensitivity to Thymic Stromal Lymphopoietin
Authors: Kummola Laura , Ortutay Zsuzsanna , Chen Xi , Caucheteux Stephane , Hämäläinen Sanna , Aittomäki Saara , Yagi Ryoji , Zhu Jinfang , Pesu Marko , Paul William E. , Junttila Ilkka S.
Published: April 2017

Thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) and IL-7 are related cytokines that mediate growth and differentiation events in the immune system. They signal through IL-7Rα–containing receptors. Target cells of TSLP in Th2 responses include CD4 T cells and dendritic cells (DCs). Although it has been reported that expression of TSLP receptor (TSLPR) on CD4 T cells is required for OVA-induced lung inflammation, DCs have also been shown to be target cells of TSLP. In this study, we show that murine ex vivo splenic DCs are unresponsive to TSLP, as they fail to phosphorylate STAT5, but in vitro overnight culture, especially in presence of IL-4, renders DCs responsive to both TSLP and IL-7. This induced responsiveness is accompanied by dramatic upregulation of IL-7Rα on DCs with little change in expression of TSLPR or of γc. In splenic DCs, the induction of IL-7Rα occurs mainly in CD8− DCs. In vivo, we found that IL-4 has a differential regulatory role on expression of IL-7Rα depending on the cell type; IL-4 decreases IL-7Rα expression on CD4 T cells whereas it upregulates the expression on DCs. Our results indicate that the induction of IL-7Rα expression on DCs is critical for TSLP responsiveness and that IL-4 can upregulate IL-7Rα on DCs.
A Novel miR-24–TCF1 Axis in Modulating Effector T Cell Responses
Authors: Cho Sunglim , Wu Cheng-Jang , Nguyen Duc T. , Lin Ling-Li , Chen Mei-Chi , Khan Aly Azeem , Yang Bi-Huei , Fu Wenxian , Lu Li-Fan
Published: April 2017

miR-23∼27∼24 was recently implicated in restricting Th2 immunity, as well as the differentiation and function of other effector T cell lineages. Interestingly, miR-24, unlike other family members, actually promotes Th1 and Th17 responses. In this article, we show that miR-24 drives the production of IFN-γ and IL-17 in T cells at least in part through targeting TCF1, a transcription factor known for its role in limiting Th1 and Th17 immunity. Surprisingly, whereas TCF1 was previously shown to promote Th2 responses through inducing GATA3, enforced TCF1 expression in miR-24–overexpressing T cells led to further downregulation of IL-4 and GATA3 expression, suggesting miR-24–mediated inhibition of Th2 immunity cannot be attributed to TCF1 repression by miR-24. Together, our data demonstrate a novel miR-24–TCF1 pathway in controlling effector cytokine production by T cells and further suggest miR-24 could function as a key upstream molecule regulating TCF1-mediated immune responses.
First record of eyeless specimens of Gammarus roeselii Gervais 1835 (Amphioda, Gammaridae) in a small stream of the sub-lacustrine Ticino River basin (Lombardy, Northern Italy)
Authors: Paganelli Daniele , Pandolfi Alessandra , Sconfietti Renato
Published: April 2017

In this short communication, we report the unusual presence of blind specimens of the non-native Gammarus roeselii Gervais 1835 (Amphioda, Gammaridae) in the sub-lacustrine Ticino River basin (Po River floodplain, Northern Italy). Considering that G. roeselii is present in almost all small semi-natural tributaries of the Ticino River, it is important to carry out further research on this well-established exotic species to verify its genetic variability.
Reconnaissance sub-bottom acoustic profiling survey at Lac Joannès, Quebec
Authors: Grenier A , Brooks G R
Published: April 2017

As part of a reconnaissance sub-bottom acoustic profiling (SAP) survey, 23 SAP were collected from Lac Joannès, Quebec, on August 22, 2015. Good penetration of the sub-bottom was obtained within the profiled areas. Three depositional facies are present
within the SAP returns that represent lacustrine, glaciolacustrine and mass transport deposits. The profiles collected from Lac Joannès demonstrate the presence of mass movement deposits within this basin. Relatively deep water conditions in some of the profiled areas could represent a
challenge to coring, depending on the coring equipment used.
Reconnaissance sub-bottom acoustic profiling survey at Sesekinika Lake, Ontario
Authors: Brooks G R , Grenier A
Published: April 2017

As part of a reconnaissance sub-bottom acoustic profiling (SAP) survey, 34 profiles were collected at Sesekinika Lake, Ontario, on August 23, 2015. The quality of the returns ranges from good to there being no penetration locally. Three depositional facies are
present within the SAP returns that represent lacustrine, glaciolacustrine and subaqueous mass transport deposits. The profiles collected from Sesekinika Lake demonstrate the presence of mass transport deposits within this basin.
Cassava production as a climate change adaptation strategy in Chilonga Ward, Chiredzi District, Zimbabwe
Authors: Mupakati Tambudzai , Tanyanyiwa Vincent I.
Published: April 2017

This study sought to pilot a range of long-term adaptation measures in the agriculture sector because of climate change shocks. Past droughts in Zimbabwe have had devastating environmental and socio-economic impacts in rural areas where livelihoods mainly depend on agriculture. Over the past few years, many parts of Zimbabwe have been experiencing extreme events. The study sought to address the following objectives to describe smallholder farmers’ knowledge of climate change variability and change in Chilonga Ward and to explore the potential of cassava production as a climate change adaptation strategy in Chiredzi. An assessment of the impact of cassava production on rural livelihoods as a climate change adaptation strategy was also done. Focus group discussions, in-depth interviews, desk research and observation were the tools used to collect data. The results show that cassava has an extensive root system that can penetrate poor soils which may not support crops like maize. Zimbabwe has to increase cassava production as its tubers can be value added to produce a range of products that include livestock feed and porridge.
Internal Medicine Residents' Ambulatory Management of Core Geriatric Conditions
Authors: Callahan Kathryn E. , Wilson Lindsay A. , Pavon Juliessa M. , Lovato James F. , Atkinson Hal H. , Busby-Whitehead Jan , Dalton Thomas , Heflin Mitchell T. , Iverson Patricia , Lawlor Janice S. , Marsden Justin , Moran William P. , Roberts Ellen , Williamson Jeff D.
Published: April 2017

Background

Adults aged 65 years and older account for more than 33% of annual visits to internal medicine (IM) generalists and specialists. Geriatrics experiences are not standardized for IM residents. Data are lacking on IM residents' continuity experiences with older adults and competencies relevant to their care.

Objective

To explore patient demographics and the prevalence of common geriatric conditions in IM residents' continuity clinics.

Methods

We collected data on age and sex for all IM residents' active clinic patients during 2011–2012. Academic site continuity panels for 351 IM residents were drawn from 4 academic medical center sites. Common geriatric conditions, defined by Assessing Care of Vulnerable Elders measures and the American Geriatrics Society IM geriatrics competencies, were identified through International Classification of Disease, ninth edition, coded electronic problem lists for residents' patients aged 65 years and older and cross-checked by audit of 20% of patients' charts across 1 year.

Results

Patient panels for 351 IM residents (of a possible 411, 85%) were reviewed. Older adults made up 21% of patients in IM residents' panels (range, 14%–28%); patients ≥ 75 (8%) or 85 (2%) years old were relatively rare. Concordance between electronic problem lists and chart audit was poor for most core geriatric conditions. On chart audit, active management of core geriatric conditions was variable: for example, memory loss (10%–25%), falls/gait abnormality (26%–42%), and osteoporosis (11%–35%).

Conclusions

The IM residents' exposure to core geriatric conditions and management of older adults was variable across 4 academic medical center sites and often lower than anticipated in community practice.
Balance disturbance of aquatic microbial microcosm as a method to evaluate the contamination by toxic substances
Authors: Ribeiro Izabel Adelina
Published: April 2017

Toxicity tests are useful to assess relative toxicities of chemicals in the aquatic environment. Although, they have the advantages of standardized protocols, the test organisms are isolated from the context of the natural conditions. This experimental research challenges the development of an aquatic microbial microcosm with an ecological structure, to evaluate the effects of contamination by toxic substances in the aquatic environment. Two morphological groups were observed in typical ecological succession, according to the modification of the medium. The laboratorial set-up consisted of keeping an organic substrate of 350 mg L-1 of BOD, placed in glass containers maintained in continuous aeration. Growth of filamentous bacteria was observed after 24h, followed by significant exponential growth of free swimming ciliates protozoa, reaching its maximum rate on the 4th day. Disturbances were caused by the introduction of copper sulphate and insecticide dichlorvos. Complete inhibitory effect of growth was observed to ciliates at concentrations of 12.28 mg L-1 Cu and 500 mg L-1 DDVP-20. Easy to be assembled, the method suggested information about theoretical aspects of self-organization. To greater precision, we mention the study of ecological interactions, opened system development, biodiversity molecular approach and application of ecological models.
Cytotoxic effects caused by N,N-diethyl-meta-toluamide and radiation in Perna perna mussels
Authors: Martini Gisela de Assis , Rogero Sizue Ota , Rogero José Roberto
Published: April 2017

The aim of this study was to evaluate the biological effects of ionizing radiation in combination with DEET on marine aquatic biota. It was studied the exposure of irradiated and non-irradiated marine mussels to different concentrations of DEET. It was compared the recoverability of mussels which were exposed to DEET after suffering another stressful action by the ionizing radiation. The cytotoxicity by the neutral red retention time assay was used to verify the DEET effect on the lysosomal membrane of Perna perna mussels hemocytes in non-irradiated and irradiated organisms. The organisms were irradiated at 3, 11 and 107 Gy doses of 60Co gamma rays and exposed to 0.1; 1.0 and 20.0 Î¼g L-1 DEET. The results were obtained 24, 48 and 72h after irradiation. It was observed statistic significance at concentrations of 1.0 and 20.0 Î¼g L-1 in non-irradiated mussels for all exposure times. In mussels irradiated with 3 Gy and 11 Gy it was observed that the retention time was not significantly different from trials in which the organisms were not irradiated. The 107 Gy dose caused some adverse effects to organisms showing a significant reduction in the number of cells compared with the other doses. The present study showed cytotoxic effect of DEET to Perna perna mussels at concentrations above 0.1 Î¼g L-1 a value very close to the concentrations identified in the environment suggesting attention to this concentration range.
Diurnal and day-to-day characteristics of ambient particle mass size
distributions from HR-ToF-AMS measurements at an urban site and
a suburban site in Hong Kong
Authors: Lee Berto P. , Wang Hao , Chan Chak K.
Published: April 2017

Abstract. Mass concentration based particle size distributions measured by a high-resolution aerosol mass spectrometer were systematically analyzed to assess long and short-term temporal characteristics of ambient particle size distributions sampled at a typical urban environment close to emission sources and a suburban coastal site representing a regional and local pollution receptor location in Hong Kong. Measured distributions were bimodal and deconvoluted into submodes which were analyzed for day-to-day variations and diurnal variations. Traffic and cooking emissions at the urban site contributed substantially to particle mass in both modes, while notable decreases in mass median diameters were limited to the morning rush hour. Inorganic particle components displayed varying diurnal behavior, including nocturnal nitrate formation and daytime photochemical formation evident in both modes. Suburban particle size distributions exhibited notable seasonal disparities with differing influence of local formation, particularly in spring and summer, and transport which dominated in the fall season leading to notably higher sulfate and organic accumulation mode particle concentrations. Variations in particle mixing state were evaluated by comparison of inter-species mass median diameter trends at both measurement sites. Internal mixing was prevalent in the accumulation mode in spring at the urban site, while greater frequency of time periods with external mixing of particle populations comprising different fractions of organic constituents was observed in summer. At the suburban site, sulfate and nitrate in the accumulation mode more frequently exhibited differing particle size distributions in all seasons signifying a greater extent of external mixing. At the urban site, periods of greater submicron inorganic mass concentrations were more likely to be caused by increases in both Aitken and accumulation mode particle mass in summer, while at the suburban receptor location organic and nitrate Aitken mode particle mass contributed more regularly to higher total submicron species mass concentrations in most seasons (spring, summer and winter).
Cross-calibration of S-NPP VIIRS moderate-resolution reflective solar bands against MODIS Aqua over dark water scenes
Authors: Sayer Andrew M. , Hsu N. Christina , Bettenhausen Corey , Holz Robert E. , Lee Jaehwa , Quinn Greg , Veglio Paolo
Published: April 2017

Abstract. The Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) is being used to continue the record of Earth Science observations and data products produced routinely from National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) measurements. However, the absolute calibration of VIIRS's reflected solar bands is thought to be biased, leading to offsets in derived data products such as aerosol optical depth (AOD) as compared to when similar algorithms are applied to different sensors. This study presents a cross-calibration of these VIIRS bands against MODIS Aqua over dark water scenes, finding corrections to the NASA VIIRS Level 1 (version 2) reflectances between approximately +1 and −7 % (dependent on band) are needed to bring the two into alignment (after accounting for expected differences resulting from different band spectral response functions), and indications of relative trending of up to  ∼  0.35 % per year in some bands. The derived calibration gain corrections are also applied to the VIIRS reflectance and then used in an AOD retrieval, and they are shown to decrease the bias and total error in AOD across the mid-visible spectral region compared to the standard VIIRS NASA reflectance calibration. The resulting AOD bias characteristics are similar to those of NASA MODIS AOD data products, which is encouraging in terms of multi-sensor data continuity.
Parallel functional and stoichiometric trait shifts in South-American and African forest communities with elevation
Authors: Bauters Marijn , Verbeeck Hans , Demol Miro , Bruneel Stijn , Taveirne Cys , Van der Heyden Dries , Cizungu Landry , Boeckx Pascal
Published: April 2017

Abstract. Elevational gradients are an empirical tool to assess long-term forest responses to environmental change. We studied whether functional composition of tropical forest along elevational gradients in South America and in Africa showed similar shifts. We assessed community-weighted functional canopy traits and indicative δ15N shifts along two new altitudinal transects in the tropical forest biome of both South-America and Africa. We found that the functional forest composition response along both transects was parallel, with a species shift towards more nitrogen conservative species at higher elevations. Moreover, canopy and topsoil δ15N signals decreased with increasing altitude, suggesting a more conservative N cycle at higher elevations. This cross-continental study provides two empirical indications that both South-American and African tropical forest show a parallel response along altitude, driven by nitrogen availability along the altitudinal gradients, inducing a parallel shift in the functional forest composition. This highlights the importance of nutrient availability for tropical forest in a changing world. More standardized research, and more research on other elevational gradients is needed to confirm our observations.
Low frequency variability in North Sea and Baltic Sea identified through simulations with the 3-d coupled physical-biogeochemical model ECOSMO
Authors: Daewel Ute , Schrum Corinna
Published: April 2017

Abstract. Here we present results from a long-term model simulation of the 3d coupled ecosystem model ECOSMO II for a North and Baltic Sea setup. The model allows both multi-decadal hindcast simulation of the marine system and specific process studies under controlled environmental conditions. Model results have been analysed with respect to long-term multi decadal variability in both physical and biological parameters with the help of empirical orthogonal function (EOF) analysis. The analysis of a 61-year (1948–2008) long hind cast reveals a quasi-decadal variation on salinity, temperature and current fields in the North Sea in addition to singular events of major changes during restricted time frames. These changes in hydrodynamic variables where found to be associated to changes in ecosystem productivity that are temporally aligned with the timing of reported regime shifts in the areas. Our results clearly indicate that for analysing ecosystem productivity spatially explicit methods are indispensable. Especially in the North Sea a correlation analysis between atmospheric forcing and primary production (PP) reveals significant correlations for NAO and wind forcing for the central part of the region, while AMO and air temperature are correlated to long-term changes in the southern North Sea frontal areas. Since correlations cannot serve to identify causal relationship we performed scenario model runs with perturbing the temporal variability in forcing condition emphasizing specifically the role of solar radiation, wind and eutrophication. The results revealed that, although all parameters are relevant for the magnitude of PP in the North Sea and Baltic Sea, the dominant impact on long-term variability and major shifts in ecosystem productivity was introduced by modulations of the wind fields.
A new phase in the production of quality-controlled sea level data
Authors: Quartly Graham D. , Legeais Jean-François , Ablain Michaël , Zawadzki Lionel , Fernandes M. Joana , Rudenko Sergei , Carrère Loren , García Pablo Nilo , Cipollini Paolo , Andersen Ole Baltazar , Poisson Jean-Christophe , Mbajon Njiche Sabrina , Cazenave Anny , Benveniste Jérôme
Published: April 2017

Abstract. Sea level is an Essential Climate Variable (ECV) that has a direct effect on many people through inundations of coastal areas, and it is also a clear indicator of climate changes due to external forcing factors and internal climate variability. Regional patterns of sea level change inform us on ocean circulation variations in response to natural climate modes such as El Niño and the Pacific Decadal Oscillation, and anthropogenic forcing. Comparing numerical climate models to a consistent set of observations enables us to assess the performance of these models and help us to understand and predict these phenomena, and thereby alleviate some of the environmental conditions associated with them. All such studies rely on the existence of long-term consistent high accuracy datasets of sea level. The Climate Change Initiative (CCI) of the European Space Agency was established in 2010 to provide improved time series of some ECVs, including sea level, with the purpose of providing such data openly to all to enable the widest possible utilisation of such data. Now in its second phase, the Sea Level CCI project merges data from 9 different altimeter missions in a clear and well-documented manner, selecting the most appropriate satellite orbits and geophyiscal corrections in order to reduce the error budget. This paper summarises the corrections required, the provenance of corrections and the evaluation of options that have been adopted for the recently released v2.0 dataset (DOI:10.5270/esa-sea_level_cci-1993_2015-v_2.0-201612). This information enables scientists and other users to clearly understand which corrections have been applied and their effects on the sea level dataset. However, the overall result of these changes is that the rate of rise of global mean sea level still equates to ~3.2 mm yr−1 during 1992-2015.
Validation of digital elevation models (DEMs) and comparison of geomorphic metrics on the southern Central Andean Plateau
Authors: Purinton Benjamin , Bookhagen Bodo
Published: April 2017

Abstract. In this study, we validate and compare elevation accuracy and geomorphic metrics of satellite-derived digital elevation models (DEMs) on the southern Central Andean Plateau. The plateau has an average elevation of 3.7 km and is characterized by diverse topography and relief, lack of vegetation, and clear skies that create ideal conditions for remote sensing. At 30 m resolution, SRTM-C, ASTER GDEM2, stacked ASTER L1A stereopair DEM, ALOS World 3D, and TanDEM-X have been analyzed. The higher-resolution datasets include 12 m TanDEM-X, 10 m single-CoSSC TerraSAR-X/TanDEM-X DEMs, and 5 m ALOS World 3D. These DEMs are state of the art for optical (ASTER and ALOS) and radar (SRTM-C and TanDEM-X) spaceborne sensors. We assessed vertical accuracy by comparing standard deviations of the DEM elevation versus 307 509 differential GPS measurements across 4000 m of elevation. For the 30 m DEMs, the ASTER datasets had the highest vertical standard deviation at > 6.5 m, whereas the SRTM-C, ALOS World 3D, and TanDEM-X were all < 3.5 m. Higher-resolution DEMs generally had lower uncertainty, with both the 12 m TanDEM-X and 5 m ALOS World 3D having < 2 m vertical standard deviation. Analysis of vertical uncertainty with respect to terrain elevation, slope, and aspect revealed the low uncertainty across these attributes for SRTM-C (30 m), TanDEM-X (12–30 m), and ALOS World 3D (5–30 m). Single-CoSSC TerraSAR-X/TanDEM-X 10 m DEMs and the 30 m ASTER GDEM2 displayed slight aspect biases, which were removed in their stacked counterparts (TanDEM-X and ASTER Stack). Based on low vertical standard deviations and visual inspection alongside optical satellite data, we selected the 30 m SRTM-C, 12–30 m TanDEM-X, 10 m single-CoSSC TerraSAR-X/TanDEM-X, and 5 m ALOS World 3D for geomorphic metric comparison in a 66 km2 catchment with a distinct river knickpoint. Consistent m∕n values were found using chi plot channel profile analysis, regardless of DEM type and spatial resolution. Slope, curvature, and drainage area were calculated and plotting schemes were used to assess basin-wide differences in the hillslope-to-valley transition related to the knickpoint. While slope and hillslope length measurements vary little between datasets, curvature displays higher magnitude measurements with fining resolution. This is especially true for the optical 5 m ALOS World 3D DEM, which demonstrated high-frequency noise in 2–8 pixel steps through a Fourier frequency analysis. The improvements in accurate space-radar DEMs (e.g., TanDEM-X) for geomorphometry are promising, but airborne or terrestrial data are still necessary for meter-scale analysis.
The COSMO-CLM 4.8 regional climate model coupled to regional ocean, land surface and global earth system models using OASIS3-MCT: description and performance
Authors: Will Andreas , Akhtar Naveed , Brauch Jennifer , Breil Marcus , Davin Edouard , Ho-Hagemann Ha T. M. , Maisonnave Eric , Thürkow Markus , Weiher Stefan
Published: April 2017

Abstract. We developed a coupled regional climate system model based on the CCLM regional climate model. Within this model system, using OASIS3-MCT as a coupler, CCLM can be coupled to two land surface models (the Community Land Model (CLM) and VEG3D), the NEMO-MED12 regional ocean model for the Mediterranean Sea, two ocean models for the North and Baltic seas (NEMO-NORDIC and TRIMNP+CICE) and the MPI-ESM Earth system model.We first present the different model components and the unified OASIS3-MCT interface which handles all couplings in a consistent way, minimising the model source code modifications and defining the physical and numerical aspects of the couplings. We also address specific coupling issues like the handling of different domains, multiple usage of the MCT library and exchange of 3-D fields.We analyse and compare the computational performance of the different couplings based on real-case simulations over Europe. The usage of the LUCIA tool implemented in OASIS3-MCT enables the quantification of the contributions of the coupled components to the overall coupling cost. These individual contributions are (1) cost of the model(s) coupled, (2) direct cost of coupling including horizontal interpolation and communication between the components, (3) load imbalance, (4) cost of different usage of processors by CCLM in coupled and stand-alone mode and (5) residual cost including i.a. CCLM additional computations.Finally a procedure for finding an optimum processor configuration for each of the couplings was developed considering the time to solution, computing cost and parallel efficiency of the simulation. The optimum configurations are presented for sequential, concurrent and mixed (sequential+concurrent) coupling layouts. The procedure applied can be regarded as independent of the specific coupling layout and coupling details.We found that the direct cost of coupling, i.e. communications and horizontal interpolation, in OASIS3-MCT remains below 7 % of the CCLM stand-alone cost for all couplings investigated. This is in particular true for the exchange of 450 2-D fields between CCLM and MPI-ESM. We identified remaining limitations in the coupling strategies and discuss possible future improvements of the computational efficiency.
A fire model with distinct crop, pasture, and non-agricultural
burning: Use of new data and a model-fitting algorithm for
FINALv1
Authors: Rabin Sam S. , Malyshev Sergey L. , Magi Brian I. , Shevliakova Elena , Pacala Stephen W.
Published: April 2017

Abstract. This study describes and evaluates the Fire Including Natural & Agricultural Lands model (FINAL) which, for the first time, explicitly simulates cropland and pasture management fires separately from non-agricultural fires. The non-agricultural fire module uses empirical relationships to simulate burned area in a quasi-mechanistic framework, similar to past fire modeling efforts, but with a novel optimization method that improves the fidelity of simulated fire patterns to new observational estimates of non-agricultural burning. The agricultural fire components are forced with estimates of cropland and pasture fire seasonality and frequency derived from observational land-cover and satellite fire datasets. FINAL accurately simulates the amount, distribution, and seasonal timing of burned cropland and pasture over 2001–2009 (global totals: 0.434 × 106 and 2.02 × 106 km2 yr−1 modeled, 0.454 × 106 and 2.04 × 106 km2 yr−1 observed), but carbon emissions for cropland and pasture fire are overestimated (global totals: 0.297 PgC yr−1 and 0.712 PgC yr−1 modeled, 0.194 PgC yr−1 and 0.538 PgC yr−1 observed). The non-agricultural fire module underestimates global burned area (1.66 × 106 km2 yr−1 modeled, 2.44 × 106 km2 yr−1 observed) and carbon emissions (1.33 PgC yr−1 modeled, 1.84 PgC yr−1 observed). The spatial pattern of total burned area and carbon emissions is generally well reproduced across much of sub-Saharan Africa, Brazil, central Asia, and Australia, whereas the boreal zone suffers from underestimates. FINAL represents an important step in the development of global fire models, and offers a strategy for fire models to consider human-driven fire regimes on cultivated lands. At the regional scale, simulations would benefit from refinements in the parameterizations and improved optimization datasets.
Exploring the Association of Cyber Recruitment with Organizational Attraction and Moderating Role of Job- Type
Authors: Hafeez Muhammad , Ashraf Samra , Kousar Nabila , Rusool Muhammad Mohsin
Published: April 2017

The aim of this study was to explore the effectiveness of Cyber Recruitment and its impact on organizational attraction. This study additionally plans to examine whether Time saving mediates and Job-Type moderates the relationship between cyber recruitment and organizational attraction. A sample consist of 382 respondents (fresh graduate job seekers and white & blue collar job seekers) was selected by utilizing Stratified Random Sampling. Data was collected through structured questionnaire which was developed by following five point likert scale. Data was analyzed by using macro process tool for Regression analysis through SPSS. It was concluded that E- Recruitment has positive impact on organizational attraction. Furthermore, results also conclude that time saving mediates and Job- Type moderates the relationship between cyber recruitment and organizational attraction. It pertains that the relationship between cyber recruitment and organizational attraction varies among different job categories. So, this study provides useful information for organizations to adopt cyber recruitment system to attract potential job seekers.Key Words: Recruitment, Cyber Recruitment, Time saving, Job- Type, Organizational Attraction.
The Impact of Human Resources Auditing on the Application of Governance in the Banking Sector in Jordan
Authors: Al-Hameed Naila Medhat , Al Sarayreh Aktham Abdulmjid , Al-Tarawneh Samar S.
Published: April 2017

The purpose of this study was to investigate and measure the impact of Human Resources Auditing on the Application of Governance in the Banking Sector in Jordan, where the study population consisted of (26) banks operating in Jordan.The study consisted of (250) people working at banks headquarters, and in auditing and human resources directorates, holding managers, chief section and employee positions.Researcher suggested an action plan to carry out human auditing activities in accordance with auditing criteria and international governance principles and with Jordanian business environment as an attempt to clarify and highlight the mechanism of human resources auditing work and raise the awareness of this concept as well as to urge the start of its application effectively and basically within current auditing practices.Results showed that human resources auditing has an effect on governance application in Jordanian banking sector, along with clear positive relationship and a healthy indicator among requirements of human resources auditing and governance applications including the inclusion of human resources auditing as a principle requirement in the application of governance in Jordanian Banking Sector as well as to be contained Central Bank of Jordan laws and legislationsKeywords: Human Resources Auditing, Application of Governance, Banking Sector in Jordan.
No Ruins. No Ghosts.
Authors: Manning Paul
Published: April 2017

This article explores anxieties about the unhauntability of the landscapes of New World, expressed in the aphorism “No Ruins. No Ghosts.” I argue first that ruins have material agency and produce destabilizing affects affording the imagination of haunting anthropomorphic figures to animate the landscape. For settler colonials in both North America and Australia, the absence of homely haunted “picturesque” ruins in the “sublime wilderness” of the New World becomes a diagnostic predicament of both folkloric and literary narratives, speaking to a broader colonial anxiety of “unsettlement.” In the final sections I explore how Americans fashioned new kinds of ruin and new forms of haunting, including imagined sublime ruins of vast age that predate European settlement. In these imagined ruins I see the genesis of an aesthetics of haunting materially inspired by New World landscapes: the aesthetics of the American weird tale.
English Witches and SS Academics: Evaluating Sources for the English Witch Trials in Himmler's Hexenkartothek
Authors: Badger William , Purkiss Diane
Published: April 2017

Prior to WWII, Heinrich Himmler organized a team of SS researchers to collate records of historical witchcraft trials that had taken place in lands of the expanding Reich. The ideological pretext for this undertaking was the collection of evidence demonstrating an anti-German crusade by the Church. While this was a figment of historical imagination, the SS pursued it doggedly against the backdrop of the Holocaust. Whereas trials that had taken place on historically German lands were often sourced from primary documents to which the researchers had access within Reich libraries, trials further afield were less rigorously sourced. Little was done to differentiate between primary and secondary or even tertiary sources. One SS source for English witch trials was a text by a German-Jewish literary scholar about witchcraft in Renaissance drama. Such critical indifference on the part of the SS is thought by some to render the archive of little interest, but examining the ideological underpinnings of Nazi reception of these materials can help situate these researchers among the turbulent social and political structures of the Third Reich and its uneven privileging of the intellectual fringe. This also constitutes the first critical/biographical analysis in any language of the sources for the English trial cards in the catalog.
DETERMINACIÓN DE MODELOS DE SECADO EN CAPA DELGADA PARA LA LEVADURA CERVECERA (Saccharomyces cerevisiae)
Authors: Mendieta Rolando , Haerinejad Masoud , Picado Apolinar
Published: April 2017

Modelos matemáticos del secado en capa delgada para la levadura cervecera (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) fueron estudiados y verificados con datos experimentales. Doce (12) diferentes modelos matemáticos de secado fueron comparados de acuerdo a tres parámetros estadísticos, i.e., coeficiente de correlación, error de la raíz cuadrada de la media y chi (χ²) cuadrado. La cinética de secado en capa delgada de la levadura cervecera fue experimentalmente estudiada en un secador de túnel de laboratorio y la modelación matemática, usando los modelos de secado en capa delgada presente en la literatura, fue realizada. Los experimentos se realizaron a una temperatura de secado de 40, 50 y 60 ºC y a una velocidad de aire de 1.2 m/s. Las curvas de secado obtenidas de los datos experimentales fueron ajustadas a los modelos de secado en capa delgada. Los resultados muestran que el modelo de Page es el modelo más apropiado para predecir el comportamiento de secado en capa delgada de la levadura cervecera.
DINÂMICA DA ÁGUA EM CAMBISSOLO HÚMICO SOB CULTIVO DO LINHO NO PLANALTO CATARINENSE
Authors: Carducci Carla Eloize , Bosco Leosane Cristina , Kohn Letícia Salvi , Barbosa Jânio Dos Santos , Benevenute Pedro Antônio Namorato , Regazolli Gustavo Henrique Mozzer
Published: April 2017

Os solos, de acordo com suas variações pedogenéticas, e associado a interface climática, apresentam comportamento diferenciado quanto à dinâmica da água no solo. O trabalho teve por objetivo distinguir ambientes mais favoráveis ao desenvolvimento de diferentes variedades de linho quanto ao potencial físico-hídrico do solo. O experimento foi implantado em um Cambissolo Húmico, em Curitibanos, SC. Foram utilizados linho com sementes cor marrom e amarelo-dourada semeados em agosto de 2014 e 2015. Foram determinados os atributos físicos e hídricos do solo como granulometria, densidade do solo, capacidade de campo, ponto de murcha permanente, capacidade de água disponível, monitorado da umidade e armazenamento da água no solo e balanço hídrico da cultura em 2014 e 2015. Foi determinado também o conteúdo de carbono orgânico total. Nos dois anos de monitoramento das condições físico-hídricas do Cambissolo para o cultivo do linho ficou evidente o bom fornecimento de água para a planta, com pequenas variações no armazenamento de água no solo decorrente das alterações meteorológicas. Os períodos de menor conteúdo de água coincidiram com a primeira fase vegetativa do linho. No ano de 2015 o conteúdo de água no solo permaneceu acima da capacidade de água disponível com balanço hídrico registrando excessos de água no solo.