bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The effects of analgesics and local anesthetics on gene transcription mediated by NFATc2 and Sp1 in pancreatic carcinoma
Authors: Malsy Manuela , Graf Bernhard , Bundscherer Anika
Published: September 2019

Background Pancreatic adenocarcinoma is one of the most lethal cancers worldwide with very poor long-term survival. The treatment of choice next to chemotherapy or radiation treatment is surgical removal of the tumor. However, medication, surgery, and perioperative immunosuppression induce the constitutive activation of important signaling pathways and change the regulation of transcription factors, which may facilitate tumor progression and metastasis. Recent research has identified the transcription factors NFATc2 and Sp1 as key regulators in the carcinogenesis of pancreatic carcinoma. It is still unclear to what extent the transcription factors NFATc2 and Sp1 are influenced by analgesics given via peridural anesthetics or lidocaine infusions administered in perioperative settings or as postoperative pain therapy.Aims To conduct an in vitro analysis of the impact of clinically achievable dosages of ketamine, s-ketamine, metamizole, and paracetamol as well as of sufentanil, ropicavaine, and lidocaine on pancreatic carcinoma cells in dependency of NFATc2 and Sp1.Methods Analgesic stimulation and its effects on the expression of NFATc2 and Sp1 were investigated with immunoblot. Cell proliferation was measured with the ELISA BrdU assay.Results In PaTu8988t pancreatic carcinoma cells, 48h stimulation with ketamine and s-ketamine significantly inhibited proliferation and contemporaneously decreased endogen expression of NFATc2 in the nucleus. The addition of metamizole and lidocaine to PaTu8988t cells reduced proliferation after 48h.Conclusions New treatment concepts target the efficient modulation of specific signaling and transcription pathways. The extent to which drugs influence these mechanisms in vulnerable phases of pancreatic carcinoma cells needs to be investigated in future studies. The basis of novel therapeutic approaches to any disease is detailed knowledge of the carcinogenesis and profound molecular and biological understanding of the mechanisms.
Knowledge, Attitude, and Perceived Barriers Regarding Colorectal Cancer Screening Practices and Risk Factors among Medical Students
Authors: Althobaiti Asma , Jr Hoda
Published: September 2019

Background Colorectal cancer is a major health problem. It is the third most diagnosed common tumor and the fourth leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Early screening has been shown to decrease the incidence of CRC cancer and decrease mortality. In Saudi Arabia (SA), there is no national policy for CRC screening despite the growing incidence of the disease.This study investigated the knowledge of risk factors for colorectal cancer (CRC), recommendations for screening, and attitudes and barriers towards screening among medical students.Methods Data was collected using a self-administered questionnaire completed by 581 medical students from two Saudi schools. Frequencies and mean scores of knowledge and attitude were determined. The likelihood of students having adequate knowledge of CRC risk factors and screening modalities was estimated using multivariate logistic regression analysis.Results Knowledge of the risk factors for CRC, screening modalities, and attitude towards screening were low in over half of the surveyed medical students. Higher level of medical education and a positive attitude towards CRC screening were independent predictors of higher knowledge levels. Lack of awareness about CRC and screening modalities among patients, and shortage of specialized healthcare providers were barriers independently associated with low knowledge levels.Conclusions Saudi medical students have limited knowledge of and a poor attitude towards CRC screening. These results contribute to our understanding of missed teaching opportunities in Saudi medical schools and suggest intervening at the medical school, clinical practice, and population levesl to increase CRC screening practices.
Single-Stage Repair of Contaminated Hernias Using a Novel Antibiotic-Impregnated Biologic Porcine Submucosa Tissue Matrix
Authors: Minor Samuel Fulton , Brown Carl J , Rooney Paul S , Hodde Jason P , Julien Lisa , Scott Tracy M , Karimuddin Ahmer A , Raval Manoj J , Phang Terry P
Published: September 2019

BackgroundSingle-stage repair of incisional hernias in contaminated fields has a high rate of surgical site infection (30-42%) when biologic grafts are used for repair. In an attempt to decrease this risk, a novel graft incorporating gentamicin into a biologic extracellular matrix derived from porcine small intestine submucosa was developed. MethodsThis prospective, multicenter, single-arm study was designed to determine the incidence of surgical site infection following implantation of the device into surgical fields characterized as CDC Class II, III, or IV. ResultsTwenty-four patients were enrolled, with 42% contaminated and 25% dirty surgical fields. After 12 months, 5 patients experienced 6 surgical site infections (21%) with infection involving the graft in 2 patients (8%). No grafts were explanted. ConclusionsThe incorporation of gentamicin into a porcine-derived biologic graft is associated with a lower than expected rate of device infection for patients undergoing single-stage repair of ventral hernia in contaminated settings. Trial RegistrationThe study was registered March 27, 2015 at www.clinicaltrials.gov as NCT02401334.
Alcohol Use Disorder and Associated Factors Among Jimma University Undergraduate Students
Authors: Alemu Daniel , Tesfaye Elias , Soboka Matiwos , Tesfaye Yonas , Ahmed Gutema
Published: September 2019

Background : Alcohol use among University students is a problem throughout the world. University students are mostly at risk of alcohol use disorders. Alcohol use among students has an association with risky sexual behaviors and mental distress. However; little is known about alcohol use disorders among university students in Ethiopia. Therefore, this study was aimed to assess the prevalence and factors associated with alcohol use disorder among Jimma University undergraduate students. Methods: Institution based cross-sectional study was done among Jimma university students in April 2016. Data were collected from 796 of Jimma University students. Standardized tools, Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test (AUDIT), Oslo 3 items social support scale (OSS-3) and Kessler-6 (K6), were used to assess alcohol use disorders, social support and psychological distress respectively. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regressions were performed to explore factors associated with alcohol use disorders. Result: The overall prevalence of alcohol use disorders (AUD) among Jimma University undergraduate students was 26.5%.The prevalence of AUDs among females and males was 16.4% and 32.6% respectively. There was a positive association between AUDs and having past history of mental illness (AOR 1.98, 95% CI=1.04, 3.75), having past history of suicidal attempt (AOR 3.63, 95%CI=1.18, 11.11), smoking cigarettes (AOR 5.04, 95%CI=2.02, 12.57), having close friend who drinks alcohol (AOR 2.72, 95%CI=1.76, 4.19) and presence of mental distress (AOR 2.81, 95%CI=1.83, 4.32). Conclusion: The findings of this study showed that the prevalence of alcohol use disorders among Jimma University undergraduate students was high. This implies that the university should establish Anti-alcohol clubs to increase students’ awareness on alcohol and related substances and their harmful outcomes. Keywords: Alcohol use disorders, mental distress, undergraduate students, Ethiopia.
Risk factor analysis for predicting kyphosis reoccurrence of thoracolumbar burst fracture patients treated with posterior short-segment fixation
Authors: An Likun , Zhang Tongtong , Sun Xiangyao , Zhang Xinuo , Sun Siyuan , Hai Yong , Lu Shibao
Published: September 2019

Background The thresholds of risk factors of kyphosis recurrence in thoracolumbar burst fracture patients were still controversial. The aim of this multi-center study was to identify these thresholds.Methods 169 patients were included in this study. Upper intervertebral angle (UIVA), lower intervertebral angle (LIVA), Cobb angle (CA), anterior vertebral height ratio (AVH%), regional angle (RA), posterior vertebral height ratio (PVH%), vertebral wedge angle (VWA), anteroposterior ratio (A/P%), Clinical assessment included Load Sharing Classification (LSC) score, Thoracolumbar Injury Classification and Severity (TLICS) score, Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), and Body mass index (BMI) were perioperatively evaluated. Patients were divided into KR group and none KR (NKR) group according to whether the loss of CA correction was less than 5˚ or not. The risk factors of KR before or after implant removal were analyzed, respectively.Results There were significant improvements in postoperative parameters compared with preoperative parameters, such as AVH%, A/P%, VAS, CA, VWA, PVH% ( P < 0.001, respectively), and UIVA ( P = 0.02). Age (AUC = 0.828) and BMI (AUC = 0.846) were good predictors of KR before implant removal. BMI (AUC = 0.871) was a good predictor of KR after implant removal.Conclusions There were significant differences in risk factors of KR at different postoperative follow-up stages: age > 49 years, BMI > 24 were risk factors of KR before implant removal; BMI > 25.17 was a risk factor of KR.
Performance of black ceramic water filters and their implementation in rural Ecuador
Authors: Guerrero-Latorre Laura , Balseca-Enriquez Priscila , Moyota-Tello Carlos , Bravo-Camino Ronald , Davila-Chavez Stephanie , Bonifaz-Arcos Edison , Romero-Carpio Brigette , Chico-Terán Mayra
Published: September 2019

In rural Ecuador, microbial water contamination is associated with child morbidity mainly due to gastroenteritis. Black ceramic water filters (BCWF) are a new household water treatment recently developed to improve microbial removal from the classical model implemented worldwide. This study has assessed BCWF microbial performance at laboratory level by continuous filtering of spiked water with microbial surrogates (Escherichia coli and MS2 bacteriophage) and highly contaminated surface water to evaluate physicochemical pollutants' removal. At field level, baseline studies in Nanegal and Gualea districts have been performed to evaluate water quality and hygiene practices among communities and a six-month BCWF field implementation study in the Santa Marianita community. Results revealed poor drinking water quality in communities studied. Water treatment practices at household level were reported in low percentages. Conversely, results in BCWF filter assays at laboratory level for 600 litres of usage have shown 5.36 logarithms of bacterial removal and 3.83 logarithms for viral removal and significant reductions of physicochemical pollutants considering international standards. BCWF implementation in the Santa Marianita community reveals promising results on microbial water quality in households using this new technology. However, it is important to reinforce correct BCWF maintenance for better performance at field level.
Apresentação
Authors: Lima Clovis Ricardo Montenegro de
Published: September 2019

Apresentação
MULHERES NEGRAS NÃO FORAM FEITAS PARA CARREGAR LIVROS: TENSIONAMENTO E RESPOSTA SOCIAL EM REDE NA FEIRA PAN-AMAZÔNICA DO LIVRO NO PARÁ
Authors: Brito Rosaly de Seixas , Esteves Lorena Cruz , Ventura Jússia Carvalho da Silva
Published: September 2019

Este trabalho analisa a repercussão social do cartaz do “Salão do Livro da Região Sul e Sudeste do Pará”, evento da Feira Pan-Amazônica do Livro de 2018, para compreender como o processo de resposta social (BRAGA, 2006) impôs uma mudança institucional por parte da Secretaria de Cultura do Estado. O país homenageado foi a Colômbia e a peça de divulgação destacava uma mulher negra carregando livros na cabeça, representação das palenqueras. O fato gerou repercussão nas redes sociais e na mídia local e nacional. Os protestos voltaram-se contra a reiteração de uma imagem que inferioriza as mulheres negras, reproduzindo colonialidades de gênero, poder e saber. O corpuscompõe-se de postagens no Facebooke de matérias jornalísticas veiculadas em abril de 2018. Duas técnicas metodológicas foram usadas: a netnografia (RECUERO, 2012; KOZINETS, 2014) e a aplicação de um questionário online, por meio do Facebook e Whatsapp.
Expediente / Editorial Team
Authors: Lima Clovis Ricardo Montenegro de
Published: September 2019

Expediente / Editorial Team
A PRODUÇÃO CIENTÍFICA BRASILEIRA NA WEB OF SCIENCE (2017-2019): ENTRE O DISCURSO POLÍTICO E OS ESTUDOS MÉTRICOS DE INFORMAÇÃO
Authors: Bufrem Leilah Santiago , Nascimento Bruna S. do
Published: September 2019

Apresenta as características da produção científica brasileira representada na Web of Science (WOS) como exemplo ilustrativo resultante das relações entre elementos estruturais e conjunturais na dinâmica das políticas científicas adotadas pelo governo em relação à ciência brasileira. Subsidia metodologicamente o estudo relacional do campo científico no Brasil, optando pela utilização da análise de conjuntura em prol da compreensão da diversidade dos elementos empíricos representativos da produção científica brasileira indexada na WOS, entre os anos de 2017 e 2019.  Analisa como as exigências produtivistas das agências de fomento se intensificaram nas últimas décadas e se fazem presentes nas discussões em diferentes campos do saber, argumentando que as rígidas práticas empregadas no campo da Ciência justificam estudos sobre as correlações e interações em prol da compreensão e do respeito ao campo e às instituições nas quais se alicerça. Apresenta como resultados, a partir dos dados empíricos, a formação de cinco grandes clusters entre os quais se destaca a Universidade de São Paulo (USP) como nó central e polo de produção científica nacional. Reconhece que, embora a base de dados escolhida, represente a big science internacionalizada e centralizada na produção oriunda dos Estados Unidos e de países europeus, a representatividade brasileira é relevante, especialmente se consideradas as temáticas de interesse endêmico como as doenças tropicais e que são pesquisadas, predominantemente, pelo Brasil e por países abaixo da linha do equador.
HUMANIDADES DIGITAIS E A SIMBIOSE ENTRE HUMANO E MÁQUINA: ALGUMAS REFLEXÕES COMPARATIVAS ENTRE A INTERPRETAÇÃO E A MINERAÇÃO DE TEXTOS
Authors: Matos José Claudio Morelli , Jacintho Eliana Maria dos Santos Bahia , Alvarez Edgar Bisset
Published: September 2019

Examina a relação entre a leitura e os programas computacionais de mineração de textos, no contexto das Humanidades Digitais (HD). Através da pesquisa bibliográfica e da reunião de fontes textuais relevantes para o argumento, esta relação é descrita sob a forma de uma simbiose entre o ser humano e o computador, nos termos propostos inicialmente por Asimov (2005). Uma concepção da leitura como operação da inteligência é posta em diálogo com o conceito e as aplicações da mineração de textos. Da reflexão sobre a simbiose entre leitura e mineração de textos é obtido, como resultado, um ponto de vista em relação às HD, entendida como um conjunto de estratégias para o crescimento e a adaptação da cultura humana no ambiente digital.
APLICAÇÃO DE SOFTWARE DE MINERAÇÃO DE TEXTO NA REPRESENTAÇÃO DA INFORMAÇÃO DE OBRAS ARTÍSTICO-PICTÓRICAS
Authors: Medeiros Wagner Oliveira de , Pinho Fabio Assis , Correa Renato Fernandes
Published: September 2019

Esta pesquisa discute a aplicação da tecnologia da informação nos processos de representação da informação de obras artístico-pictóricas e teve por objetivo geral apresentar uma relação possível entre os softwares de mineração de textos e a sistematização de termos nas práticas de representação da informação a partir da documentação gerada pela análise de obras artístico-pictóricas pelo viés da Ciência da Informação. Para isso, a pesquisa consistiu de estudo de caso, utilizando o software online Sobek para processar uma amostra da documentação gerada pelas análises de obras artístico-pictóricas de Medeiros (2017), com a realização de três etapas: a) organização textual do conteúdo documental; b) inserção do conteúdo textual organizado no software Sobek e geração do grafo e; c) análise do grafo gerado pelo software Sobek. Os resultados indicaram que a utilização do Sobek demonstra indícios da viabilidade de uso da mineração de texto como auxílio aos processos de representação da informação de obras artístico-pictóricas, não obstante apontaram a necessidade de aprofundamento da questão para realização de futuras propostas metodológicas e de aperfeiçoamento do software a este fim documentário.
O ACESSO AOS DOCUMENTOS COM OU SEM O USO DA TECNOLOGIA DA INFORMAÇÃO
Authors: Lopes Ana Suely , Sousa Jorge Pedro
Published: September 2019

O presente artigo propõe-se a analisar as vantagens do acesso aos documentos digitais e ao mesmo tempo, apontar desafios encontrados ao pesquisar em documentos impressos. Neste intuito, discorre-se brevemente sobre uma experiência vivida ao pesquisar em acervos físicos e digitais em bibliotecas portuguesas. Como fundamentação teórica, busca dar ênfase aos documentos de valor histórico e ressaltar a relevância do uso da tecnologia no acesso à informação. Como resultado, o estudo permitiu constatar que o uso da tecnologia da informação aplicada ao patrimônio documental oferece inúmeros ganhos tanto em relação à redução de tempo quanto aos custos empregados com a reprodução de cópias e da massa documental acumulada. Por fim, pode-se perceber que ainda é insignificante o número de instituições que investem nesses recursos, o que dificulta o acesso a esse patrimônio e consequentemente compromete o papel de responsabilidade social, o de disponibilizar os documentos à sociedade em tempo hábil.
CONVERGENCIAS ESTRATÉGICAS ENTRE LAS HUMANIDADES Y LAS CIENCIAS DE LA INFORMACIÓN. UNA OPORTUNIDAD PARA LA TRANSFORMACIÓN DIGITAL EN CUBA
Authors: Rodríguez Roche Sulema , Hernández Quintana Ania Rosa
Published: September 2019

El trabajo aborda la emergencia de las Humanidades Digitales y justifica los principales ejes en que confluye con los valores y prácticas de las Ciencias de la Información. Se presenta el contexto académico y profesional de las Ciencias de la Información en Cuba como escenario para entronizar los principales contenidos que caracterizan la enseñanza y producción de las comunidades de humanistas digitales. Desde el análisis del estado de las relaciones interdisciplinares y de los objetivos y metas de la agenda 2030, especialmente lo relacionado con el acceso pleno a la información, se propone una mirada transversal, adaptada a la realidad nacional, para intervenir en el actual y relativo distanciamiento entre los campos de las Humanidades Digitales y las Ciencias de la Información. Esta investigación concluye la primera etapa de desarrollo del Grupo de investigación académica Humanidades Digitales y Ciencias de la Información (HDCICuba), proyecto institucional de la Facultad de Comunicación de la Universidad de La Habana.
BALBÚRDIA, O TROPEL DOS SERES INFORMES
Authors: Menezes Vinícios Souza de
Published: September 2019

Tem como contexto o Brasil atual, em seus circuitos helênicos e disposições modernas. O Brasil dos fluxos da máquina antropológica ocidental. Entretanto, é também uma escritura a contrapelo, de um Brasil contemporâneo inatual, rodeado por existências virtuais que habitam a orla marginal das falas essenciais. Fora do sentido e da univocidade de um conservadorismo colonial travestido nas roupas do Estado, o inatual é não-oficial (aquele que diz “preferiria não” à ordem), um acidente que irrompe em veredas multivocais nos sulcos escriturais do ofício e, em contingentes toares, aquebrantam as barreiras da língua universal. Este inatual é o ruidoso Brasil dos seres informes e das palavras selvagens, o tropel dos doces bárbaros que avançam através dos grossos portões simbólico-materiais da antiga pólis e seus modernos aparelhos de Estado em busca dos festins da linguagem, dos seus jogos germinantes de alteridade, das suas balbúrdias gramaticais que fertilizam vidas impertinentes ao sentido único. Por esta maneira, este texto é con–temporâneo, ao mesmo tempo, inatual, antigo, moderno e atual. Simultaneamente, carnaval.
A ÉTICA DA INFORMAÇÃO NOS PROGRAMAS DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO EM CIÊNCIA DA INFORMAÇÃO NO BRASIL: UMA ANÁLISE
Authors: Moraes Vinícius Cerva de , Medeiros Jackson da Silva
Published: September 2019

Objetiva verificar como está caracterizada a Ética da Informação nos Programas de Pós-Graduação em Ciência da Informação no Brasil por meio dos projetos de pesquisa, artigos e disciplinas dos Programas citados que possam estar abordando a área. Desenvolve, a fim de atingir estes objetivos, uma pesquisa básica, quantitativa e descritiva, sob a técnica de Análise de Conteúdo. Infere que há uma disparidade significativa com relação ao tópico da ética profissional do bibliotecário entre os indicadores de pesquisa e produção; que o papel da docente Isa Maria Freire nos assuntos que relacionam Ética da Informação com a Web é um destaque, e que Maria Nélida González Gómez, por mais que tenha sido vista sua participação só num projeto de pesquisa, ainda assim contribuiu com a criação de um livro em 2017 sobre Ética da Informação. Conclui que é interessante outro trabalho acadêmico sobre o mesmo assunto, aplicando, por exemplo, uma amostra e, além de coletar artigos, projetos e disciplinas, livros e capítulos de livros. Conclui, ainda, questionando a necessidade de haver uma ”simetria” entre quantidade de projetos e artigos sobre um determinado assunto, bem como destaca a importância da Ética da Informação em função de desafios ético-informacionais propostos por tópicos como plágio e fake news.
COMPETÊNCIA DISCURSIVA: UM CASO ESPECIAL DE COMPETÊNCIA COMUNICATIVA
Authors: Lima Clóvis Ricardo Montenegro de , Günther Helen Fischer , Maia Mariangela Rebelo
Published: September 2019

Neste artigo quer-se delinear o conceito de competência discursiva como um caso especial de competência comunicativa, tanto quanto o Discurso é um caso especial de agir comunicativo. Parte-se da discussão de competência dentro do processo de aprendizagem e do desenvolvimento moral, e dentro dela a competência linguística  e a competência comunicativa. Faz-se o desenvolvimento da noção de competência discursiva como capacidade de argumentar racionalmente, de reconhecer o outro e os seus argumentos e de fazer acordos em torno do melhor argumento. Inclui também a capacidade de universalizar o processo argumentativo. O desenvolvimento da competência discursiva está vinculado ao desenvolvimento moral de indivíduos, grupos sociais e sociedade. Conclui-se que existe sim uma competência discursiva e que esta pode ser desenvolvida, não apenas como habilidade técnica, mas também como desenvolvimento moral.
REVISÃO SISTEMÁTICA DA LITERATURA: CONCEITUAÇÃO, PRODUÇÃO E PUBLICAÇÃO
Authors: Galvão Maria Cristiane Barbosa , Ricarte Ivan Luiz Marques
Published: September 2019

Realizar uma revisão sistemática de literatura vai além da atividade usual de fazer uma revisão de literatura como parte de um trabalho de pesquisa acadêmica. A revisão sistemática é uma modalidade de pesquisa, que segue protocolos específicos e busca dar alguma logicidade a um grande corpus documental. Este artigo apresenta os aspectos essenciais no desenvolvimento de revisões sistemáticas da literatura. Após a conceituação e apresentação dos diferentes tipos de revisão sistemática, são abordadas as etapas de sua produção, desde a delimitação da questão de pesquisa, a seleção das bases de dados, a elaboração da estratégia de busca, a seleção dos documentos e a sistematização dos resultados. Por fim, são abordados aspectos relacionados à divulgação e publicação de revisões sistemáticas de literatura. A compreensão desses aspectos é essencial não apenas para autores desse tipo de pesquisa, mas também para revisores e editores de periódicos de todas as áreas do conhecimento.
Preface
Authors: Lima Clovis Ricardo Montenegro de
Published: September 2019

Preface
PROCESSO DEMOCRÁTICO: RECONHECIMENTO DO OUTRO COMO FORMA DE ACESSO À JUSTIÇA
Authors: Callegari José Antonio
Published: September 2019

Analisando o processo judicial, identificamos uma relação entre falantes que permite uma abordagem sociológica desse instrumento jurídico. A partir de uma visão instrumental do processo, percebemos uma interação entre pessoas regidas por determinada gramática jurídica. Nesse sentido, autor, réu e juiz praticam atos de fala na jurisdição, formando uma comunidade particular num espaço público institucionalizado. Ao exercer o seu papel como falantes, interagindo entre si, cada um deles postula um tipo de reconhecimento em práticas intersubjetivas com o outro da relação. Ao se reconhecerem como sujeitos de direitos eles legitimam o processo como instrumento discursivo, dialético e dialógico de acesso à justiça, estabelecendo entre eles uma pedagogia de reconhecimento.
AÇÃO COLETIVA POLÍTICA E LUTA POR RECONHECIMENTO: A ATUAÇÃO DA ASSOCIAÇÃO BRASILEIRA DE FAMÍLIAS HOMOTRANSAFETIVAS (ABRAFH) NA DEFESA DE OUTRAS MODALIDADES DE FAMÍLIAS
Authors: Serejo Elias Santos , Cal Danila , Lage Leandro Rodrigues
Published: September 2019

A Associação Brasileira de Famílias Homotransafetivas (Abrafh) é uma entidade que luta pelo reconhecimento das populações cujo núcleo é formado por sujeitos LGBTQIA+. A instituição busca representar os anseios e expectativas dessas famílias em diferentes âmbitos sociais, assim como combater os desrespeitos e preconceitos advindos de um sistema heterossexista. Este trabalho busca compreender como a Abrafh mobiliza as dimensões do afeto e da solidariedade na luta política. Para isso, entrevistamos quatro representantes do primeiro conselho diretor. Por meio de uma análise qualitativa de conteúdo discursivo, pudemos compreender que a Abrafh, segundo os diretores, surge para acolher, defender e representar as famílias homoafetivas no sentido de tornar estes cidadãos emancipados e com direitos reconhecidos. Conclui-se que a instituição atua principalmente a partir da possibilidade de responder satisfatoriamente à necessidade que os sujeitos têm de desenvolverem conexões baseadas na confiança afetiva na continuidade da dedicação mútua.
The Surveillance Outbreak Response Management and Analysis System (SORMAS): Digital Health Global Goods Maturity Assessment (Preprint)
Authors: Tom-Aba Daniel , Silenou Bernard Chawo , Doerrbecker Juliane , Fourie Carl , Leitner Carl , Wahnschaffe Martin , Strysewske Maté , Arinze Chinedu Chukwujekwu , Krause Gerard
Published: September 2019

BACKGROUND

Digital health is a dynamic field that has been generating a large number of tools; many of these tools do not have the level of maturity required to function in a sustainable model. It is in this context that the concept of global goods maturity is gaining importance. Digital Square developed a global good maturity model (GGMM) for digital health tools, which engages the digital health community to identify areas of investment for global goods. The Surveillance Outbreak Response Management and Analysis System (SORMAS) is an open-source mobile and web application software that we developed to enable health workers to notify health departments about new cases of epidemic-prone diseases, detect outbreaks, and simultaneously manage outbreak response.

OBJECTIVE

The objective of this study was to evaluate the maturity of SORMAS using Digital Square’s GGMM and to describe the applicability of the GGMM on the use case of SORMAS and identify opportunities for system improvements.

METHODS

We evaluated SORMAS using the GGMM version 1.0 indicators to measure its development. SORMAS was scored based on all the GGMM indicator scores. We described how we used the GGMM to guide the development of SORMAS during the study period. GGMM contains 15 subindicators grouped into the following core indicators: (1) global utility, (2) community support, and (3) software maturity.

RESULTS

The assessment of SORMAS through the GGMM from November 2017 to October 2019 resulted in full completion of all subscores (10/30, (33%) in 2017; 21/30, (70%) in 2018; and 30/30, (100%) in 2019). SORMAS reached the full score of the GGMM for digital health software tools by accomplishing all 10 points for each of the 3 indicators on global utility, community support, and software maturity.

CONCLUSIONS

To our knowledge, SORMAS is the first electronic health tool for disease surveillance, and also the first outbreak response management tool, that has achieved a 100% score. Although some conceptual changes would allow for further improvements to the system, the GGMM already has a robust supportive effect on developing software toward global goods maturity.
An Interactive Web-Based Lethal Means Safety Decision Aid for Suicidal Adults (Lock to Live): Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial (Preprint)
Authors: Betz Marian E , Knoepke Christopher E , Simpson Scott , Siry Bonnie J , Clement Ashley , Saunders Tamara , Johnson Rachel , Azrael Deborah , Boudreaux Edwin D , Omeragic Faris , Adams Leah M , Almond Sydney , Juarez-Colunga Elizabeth , Matlock Daniel D
Published: September 2019

BACKGROUND

Counseling to reduce access to lethal means such as firearms and medications is recommended for suicidal adults but does not routinely occur. We developed the Web-based Lock to Live (L2L) decision aid to help suicidal adults and their families choose options for safer home storage.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to test the feasibility and acceptability of L2L among suicidal adults in emergency departments (EDs).

METHODS

At 4 EDs, we enrolled participants (English-speaking, community-dwelling, suicidal adults) in a pilot randomized controlled trial. Participants were randomized in a 13:7 ratio to L2L or control (website with general suicide prevention information) groups and received a 1-week follow-up telephone call.

RESULTS

Baseline characteristics were similar between the intervention (n=33) and control (n=16) groups. At baseline, many participants reported having access to firearms (33/49, 67%), medications (46/49, 94%), or both (29/49, 59%). Participants viewed L2L for a median of 6 min (IQR 4-10 min). L2L also had very high acceptability; almost all participants reported that they would recommend it to someone in the same situation, that the options felt realistic, and that L2L was respectful of values about firearms. In an exploratory analysis of this pilot trial, more participants in the L2L group reported reduced firearm access at follow-up, although the differences were not statistically significant.

CONCLUSIONS

The L2L decision aid appears feasible and acceptable for use among adults with suicide risk and may be a useful adjunct to lethal means counseling and other suicide prevention interventions. Future large-scale studies are needed to determine the effect on home access to lethal means.

CLINICALTRIAL

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03478501; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03478501
Effect of a Mobile Phone–Based Glucose-Monitoring and Feedback System for Type 2 Diabetes Management in Multiple Primary Care Clinic Settings: Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial (Preprint)
Authors: Yang Yeoree , Lee Eun Young , Kim Hun-Sung , Lee Seung-Hwan , Yoon Kun-Ho , Cho Jae-Hyoung
Published: September 2019

BACKGROUND

Recent evidence of the effectiveness of mobile phone–based diabetes management systems is generally based on studies conducted in tertiary hospitals or professional diabetes clinics.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to evaluate the clinical efficacy and applicability of a mobile phone–based glucose-monitoring and feedback system for the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in multiple primary care clinic settings.

METHODS

In this multicenter, cluster-randomized controlled, open trial, 13 primary care clinics in Seoul and other large cities in South Korea were voluntarily recruited. Overall, 150 (9 clinics) and 97 (4 clinics) participants with T2DM were assigned to the intervention and control groups, respectively (2:1 allocation). Every month, participants in both groups attended face-to-face physicians’ consultation for the management of diabetes in the clinic. For the intervention group, participants were required to upload their daily self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) results using the mobile phone app in addition to outpatient care for 3 months. The results were automatically transmitted to the main server. Physicians had to check their patients’ SMBG results through an administrator’s website and send a short feedback message at least once a week. At baseline and 3 months, both groups had anthropometry and blood tests, including hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), and responded to questionnaires about treatment satisfaction and compliance.

RESULTS

At 3 months, participants in the intervention group showed significantly more improvement in HbA1c (adjusted mean difference to control −0.30%, 95% CI −0.50 to −0.11; P=.003) and fasting plasma glucose (−17.29 mg/dL, 95% CI −29.33 to −5.26; P=.005) than those in the control group. In addition, there was significantly more reduction in blood pressure, and the score regarding treatment satisfaction and motivation for medication adherence increased more in the intervention group than in the control group. In the subgroup analyses, the effect on glycemic control was more significant among younger patients and higher baseline HbA1c levels.

CONCLUSIONS

The mobile phone–based glucose-monitoring and feedback system was effective in glycemic control when applied in primary care clinic settings. This system could be utilized effectively with diverse institutions and patients.

CLINICALTRIAL

Clinical Research Information Service (CRIS) https://tinyurl.com/tgqawbz
From a Digital Bottle: A Message to Ourselves in 2039 (Preprint)
Authors: Jadad Alejandro R , Jadad Garcia Tamen M
Published: September 2019

UNSTRUCTURED

We are fully aware that we could have wasted our time writing this message, as nobody might read it. Even those who read it might ignore it, and those who read and care about it might be unable to do anything. It may simply be too late. Nevertheless, this message describes the hopes we had back in 1999, imagining how the incredible digital tools whose birth we were witnessing, could change the world for the better. In 2019, when we wrote these words, we were saddened to realize that most of what we had imagined and proposed in the past 20 years could have been written the day before, without losing an iota of relevance. Whoever or whatever you might be, dear reader—a human, a sentient machine, or a hybrid—we would like you to understand that, rather than an attempt to predict the future, which probably continues to be an impossible endeavor, this message was meant to act as an invitation, regardless of when or where it is found, to engage in a conversation that has already transcended time and space, even if the issues it contains have become irrelevant.
Contesting the Digital World Order
Authors: Devine Andrew
Published: September 2019

This article aims to understand China’s national role conceptions and strategy within the context of the World Internet Conference (WIC). The Chinese government uses this conference to promote its model of internet governance known as cyber sovereignty. The foreign policy behaviour of China (role performance) as well as role prescriptions from the US are also analysed. A novel approach based on frame analysis is taken to uncover China’s national role conceptions. The related frames in this article are then categorized into national roles. China performs four national roles as part of its strategy to reshape international internet governance norms: developer, global village member, global leader, and law-abiding citizen. This article concludes that the national roles in the WIC are aimed at developing and emerging countries in order to increase China’s power and win gradual support for the cyber sovereignty model.
EFFECTS OF VISCOELASTIC PROPERTIES AND HYDRATION KINETIC ON DRUG RELEASE FROM THE TABLET OF DICLOFENAC SODIUM BASED ON POLY (SODIUM ACRYLATE)-GRAFTED-GELLAN MATRIX
Authors: Nandi Gouranga
Published: September 2019

Investigation of the effects of viscoelasticity and hydration kinetic on the drug release behavior from the poly (sodium acrylate)-grafted-gellan matrix (PSAc-g-GG) was the main objective of this study. At first, poly (acrylic acid)-grafted-gellan was treated with 0.05M NaOH to obtain poly (sodium acrylate)-grafted-gellan followed by its purification and subsequent lyophilicity study and viscoelastic study on PSAc-g-GG with different degree of grafting. The study revealed that the degree of grafting greatly affects the viscoelastic and rheologic characteristics of the copolymer, which further affect the drug release profile from the polymeric matrix. The  copolymer with highest grafting (626.3%) exhibited much higher starting % strain (17.79%), stress (53.7 Pa) for structural breakdown at Gꞌ = Gꞌꞌ (214.4 Pa), higher storage modulus (G’), much greater values of complex viscosity (11.5 Pa.s) and cross-over point (Gꞌ = Gꞌꞌ =271.65 Pa) compared to that of the batch of copolymer with lower grafting. The water uptake index (%WE) was found to be directly proportional to the percentage grafting (%G), whereas the batches with higher grafting  revealed lower initial swelling rate representing its inversely proportional relation to %grafting in case of 0.1N HCl acid. Equilibrium swelling and hydration were also found to be proportional to % grafting.  The similar effect was observed in phosphate buffer solution (pH 6.8) with an exception that the degree of the swelling parameters obtained from phosphate buffer was very much greater compared to that found in 0.1N HCl. PSAc-g-GG exhibited extended drug release over a period of 10 hours with the drug release mechanism based on Case-1 Fickian diffusion or square root of time kinetic. The study also exhibited the usefulness of viscoelastic and swelling study in order to identify the effects of the degree of grafting on the drug release.
Evaluation of Antiulcerogenic Activity of Clerodendron Infortunatum Extract on Albino Rat Gastric Ulceration
Authors: Kumar Arun , Shukla Rahul , Chaudhary Anurag
Published: September 2019

Clerodendron infortunatum Linn. (Verbenaceae) is an important and widely used medicinal plant, reported to contain active bitter substance like clerodin, has been widely used as tonic and anthelmintic agent in the country sides of North India. Though, variously used in Ayurveda, Unani system of medicine and Homeopathy in case of ailments like diarrhoea, skin disorders, venereal and scrofulous complaints, wounds, post-natal complications, as vermifuge, laxative and cholagogue, for the removal of ascarids in anus, as external applications on tumours, etc.,
Background: The present study reports the antiulcer properties of 50% ethanolic extract of Clerodendron infortunatum Linn. (Verbenaceae) leaves have assessed in different acute and chronic gastric ulcer models in rats.
Methods: EECI (100, 200 and 400 mg/kg body weight) was administered orally, twice daily for 5 days for prevention from ethanol (EtOH), Cold-restraint stress (CRS), Pylorus-ligation (PL) and 10 days for prevention of acetic acid induced ulcers.
Results: The EECI showed significant gastric ulcer protective effect in doses of 400 mg/kg, when given twice daily for 5 days against gastric ulcers induced by ethanol (EtOH), cold restraint stress (CRS) and pyloric ligation (PL). EECI showed dose dependent decrease in ulcer index (UI) against ulcers induced by: (i) Ethanol (control UI: 29.52±2.4 mm2/rat, EECI decrease 21.12±2.3 – 5.3±1.0 (ii) Cold restraint stress (CRS) (control UI: 32.13±2.1, EECI decrease 24.02±2.2 – 4.7±1.1 (iii) pylorus ligation (control UI: 29.25±2.4 mm2/rat, EECI decrease 22.32±2.7 – 5.3±1.0, EECI 400 mg/kg significantly healed ulcers induced by 50% acetic acid after 5 (control UI: 32.30 ± 2.9, EECI decrease 26.27±1.9 – 8.56±0.98 and after 10 days treatment (control UI: 29.02 ± 2.6, healing 21.28±2.1 – 5.78±1.2. EECI prevents the oxidative damage of gastric mucosa by blocking lipid peroxidation and by significant decrease in superoxide dismutase, and increase in catalase activity.
Conclusions: Our results show that Clerodendron infortunatum Linn. (Verbenaceae)  possess significant gastro-protective activity which might be due to gastric defence factors and clerodin might be the main constituents responsible for this activity.
Isolation and Characterization of Azadirachta indica Gum: A Novel Controlled Release Polymer
Authors: Santosh Kumar Rada , Kusuma Latha B. , Tirumalesh D.
Published: September 2019

Oral Drug Delivery is considered as the holy grail of drug delivery due to its convenience which resulted in high patient compliance of all the drug delivery systems that have been explored, oral drug delivery is the most preferred option for systemic delivery of drug via various pharmaceutical products of different dosage forms. The advantage of administering a single dose of drug which is released over an extended period of time, instead of administering numerous doses, is now a day’s area of interest for formulation scientists in the pharmaceutical industry. For this reason, the conventional dosage forms of drugs are rapidly being replaced by the new and the novel drug delivery systems. Amongst these, the controlled release dosage forms have gradually gained medical acceptance and became extremely popular in modern therapeutics. In order to control the release of drug from its dosage form, an effective controlled release polymer is essential. Though, there are several controlled release polymers available in the market, there is continuous need to develop controlled polymers which are safe and inexpensive. The aim of the work was to isolate and characterize the Azadirachta indica gum as novel controlled release polymer.
Keywords: Isolation, Controlled release, Azadirachta indica
FORMULATION, CHARACTERIZATION AND IN-VITRO EVALUATION OF FAST DISSOLVING ORAL FILMS OF CETIRIZINE HCL
Authors: Phalguna Yadagiri , Pasupulati Haritha , Rudra Sandhya
Published: September 2019

The predominant goal of this work is to formulate and evaluate Cetirizine HCl ODF’s the usage of Sodium starch glycolate (SSG) as superdisintegrant, Sodium alginate as polymer and Glycerol as plasticizer. Films were prepared by way of Solvent casting method and evaluated for thickness, folding endurance, percentage elongation, floor pH and disintegration time. The consequences indicate that method prepared with 17.5% combo of polymer and plasticizer was determined to be optimized. The three special formulations F1, F2 and F3 of CTZ motion pictures were organized via solvent casting technique the usage of sodium alginate as polymer, SSG as disintegrant and glycerol as plasticizer. Menthol was once used as cooling agent along with aspartame as sweetener and citric acid as a style overlaying agent. The formulation (F3) with presence of superdisintegrant and combo of polymer, plasticizer confirmed first-rate results.
Keywords: Cetirizine HCl, Oral thin film, superdisintegrant, polymer, plasticizer
ANTIDIABETIC AND ANTIDYSLIPIDEMIC PROPERTIES OF GOA-111, A MIXTURE OF GYMNEMA SYLVESTRAE, OCIMUM SANCTUM AND AZADIRACHTA INDICA EXTRACT IN THE RATIO OF 1:1:1 STUDIED IN HIGH FAT DIET FED- LOW DOSE STREPTOZOTOCIN INDUCED EXPERIMENTAL TYPE 2 DIABETES IN RAT
Authors: Sathyanarayan Sangeetha , Pillai K. Sadasivan
Published: September 2019

Diabetes mellitus emerges from multiple biochemical and cellular impairments, including decreased insulin secretion from the pancreatic β-cells and impaired insulin action in peripheral tissues. The present study was systematically carried out to evaluate antidiabetic and  antidyslipidemic properties of GOA-111,a herbal extract containing a mixture of Gymnema sylvestrae, Ocimum sanctum leaves and seed kernel of Azadirachta indica  in the ratio of 1:1:1 in ameliorating both the primary and secondary complications of type 2 diabetes mellitus in high fat diet fed low dose streptozotocin induced diabetic rats
Experimental type 2 diabetes was induced with a low dose streptozotocin in rats  fed on a high fat diet. Diabetic rats were treated with three different doses GOA 111  (150,300 and 450 mg/Kg b.wt/rat/day)   for 30 days. The toxicological parameters such as AST, ALT and ALP were assayed. Biochemical parameters such as fasting blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin, insulin, insulin resistance and lipid profile were measured.
Oral treatment with GOA 111 significantly decreased the elevated levels of fasting glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin, AST, ALT and ALP. The insulin level was improved in insulin resistant diabetic rats.  GOA 111 also normalized the lipid profile.
Though the  results showed a dose dependent impact on the parameters, a dose of  300mg/Kg B/W/rat/day GOA 111 exerts maximum potential anti-hyperglycemic and antidyslipidemic effects in HFD/STZ-induced type 2 diabetic rats.
Key words: GOA 111; High fat diet; Streptozotocin; antidiabetic; antidyslipidemic
Formulation and evaluation of sustained release matrix tablet of captopril
Authors: PAWAR SIMRAN SHIVDAS , Malpure Prashant S. , Surana Santosh S , Bhadane Jayashri S
Published: September 2019

The objective of the present study was to study the effect of polymers on sustained release of Captopril from tablets. Compatibility was studied by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and DSC. The tablets were prepared by direct compression technique using Xanthan gum and Ethyl Cellulose. The prepared matrix tablets were evaluated for their physicochemical parameters such as weight variation, hardness, friability, content uniformity and in-vitro dissolution. Pre and post compression parameters were evaluated and all the parameters were found within the limit. The drug release data were subjected to different models in order to evaluate release kinetics and mechanism of drug release. Formulation F4 was selected as best formulation. The dissolution of formulation F4 can be Shows Non-fickian drug release mechanism.
A BENIGN SYNTHESIS OF 2-AMINO-3-CYANO-4H-BENZOPYRANS VIA DOMINO REACTION
Authors: SILAMBARASAN SEKAR SILAMBU , Abdul Nasser A. Jamal
Published: September 2019

A green and operationally simple approach domino reaction has been developed for the synthesis of 2-amino-3-cyano- 4H-chromene derivatives from aromatic aldehydes, resorcinol and malononitrile in aqueous medium. This work represents the first example of catalyst free and organic solvents free multi-component reactions for the synthesis of pharmaceutically important chromene derivatives. The structures of the synthesized compounds were confirmed by 1H NMR, 13C NMR, IR, Mass and single crystal XRD.
 Keywords: Benzopyrans, malononitrile, Michael addition reaction, domino reaction, water mediated synthesis.
AN IN VITRO STUDY OF SYZYGIUM CUMINI SEED EXTRACT ON GLUCOSE UPTAKE ACTIVITY IN L-6 CELL LINES
Authors: Sivaprakasam Maneemegalai , M Narmatha
Published: September 2019

Diabetes mellitus is the most common endocrine disorder. The plant Syzygium cumini has been used in traditional medicine for the treatment of diabetes. The present study investigated the effect of ethanol extract of S. cumini seeds on uptake of glucose by L-6 rat skeletal muscle cells. S. cumini seeds were extracted with varying solvents and quantitative phytochemical analysis was carried out, ethanol extract of seeds exhibited higher content of tested phytochemicals. The effect of different concentrations (300µg/ml – 1000µg/ml) of ethanol extract of seeds were studied on glucose uptake activity of L-6 rat skeletal muscle cells. It was observed that with the increase in concentration, the glucose uptake activity was also increased. The results of the study supports and demonstrates the antidiabetic potential of ethanol seed extracts of Syzygium cumini utilizing in vitro model.
KEY WORDS: Diabetes mellitus, Syzygium cumini, phytochemicals, glucose uptake, L-6 cells