bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Psychologie clinique du vieillissement
Authors: Engasser Ophélie , Quaderi André
Published: June 2024

L’approche non médicamenteuse présentée propose des exemples pratiques d’interventions axées sur l’environnement du malade souffrant de maladie d’Alzheimer ou de maladies apparentées. Le principe de cette approche repose sur la promotion d’un environnement de qualité, favorable à l’atténuation des troubles psycho-comportementaux. Une méthodologie détaillée de mise en place d’un projet est proposée.
Le traumatisme psychique chez l’enfant
Authors: Da Costa Marine , Lauriat Éléonore
Published: June 2024

L’identité du sujet s’enracine dans le lien inextricable entre corps et psychisme. La survenue du traumatisme chez l’enfant vient ébranler ce nouage. Exposé, directement ou non, à des perceptions sensorielles effractant le pare-excitation, le corps devient lieu d’inscription et d’expression du traumatisme. À partir de la lecture psychomotrice des différents niveaux structurels du corps et leurs répercussions sur le développement de l’enfant, nous pourrons envisager comment le recours aux médiations corporelles permet d’engager un travail d’appropriation corporel soutenant les processus de symbolisation mis à mal par le trauma.
Le traumatisme psychique chez l’enfant
Authors: Laroche-Joubert Mathilde
Published: June 2024

Lorsque la famille ou un de ses membres est confronté à un événement traumatique, l’ensemble de l’organisation des liens est impacté. Différentes modalités défensives se mettent en place pour protéger, réparer l’enveloppe familiale et permettre une relance des capacités de transformation. L’intervention thérapeutique s’avère nécessaire lorsque la famille ne parvient pas à retrouver son rôle d’espace potentiel.
Integrative medicinal approaches towards Alzheimer's disease model animals–A new hope
Authors: Hossain Shahdat , Rahman Mohammad Azizur , Joy Shoriful Islam , Baraik Anuradha , Nazib Shadman
Published: June 2024

Alzheimer's disease (AD), a neurodegenerative disease (ND), has been plaguing healthcare and health policy agencies due to its ever-soaring impact globally. It is timely to develop appropriate measures to combat global AD burden. Due to structural and functional similarity, rodent models offer the best alternative to study AD pathogenesis and therapeutics. In this special issue, the present article reviews the state-of-the-art findings on AD model animals from the alternative and integrative medicinal point of view. Our integrative therapeutic agents include fungi (Ganoderma lucidum), turmeric (Curcuma longa), Indian black berry (black plum, jamun) (Syzygium cumini), and madecassoside (derived from Centella asiatica). Their bio-components, especially flavonoids, polyphenols, and tri-terpenoids, resist oxidative stress, amyloid beta fibrillation, and pro-inflammatory cytokine levels; improve anti-oxidative prowess; and improve learning-related memory and anxiety-like behavior in AD model animals. Most of the findings described here are outcomes of our own studies. However, our claims have been substantiated with evidence from some other studies in the relevant field. As a whole, integrative medicinal approaches towards AD pathogenesis using these natural products seem promising in AD protection.
The Use of New Media by Young People in Kosovo
Authors: Tovërlani Nexhat , Muhaxheri Bekim
Published: June 2024

The great technological changes that have occurred during the end of the last century and the 21st century have also changed the way of obtaining and distributing information. Great technological progress has given a new dimension to communication and media in general. Today, in the time of new media, Marshall McLuhan’s theory that “the medium is the message” is also changing. This maxim is turning into “the user is the message” and “the user’s information becomes the content of the digital medium” [1]. The Internet and the media have involved almost all of society, especially young people. In the schools of Kosovo, the subject of media education that would help young people to use the new media correctly is still not taught. Therefore, this paper aims to show what the young people of Kosovo use the new media for the most. The research was carried out at the national level with 780 students (respondents) aged 15–18 years in 13 gymnasiums of 7 regions of Kosovo, selected through cluster-sample group analysis, developed in 1950 by Socal, Sneath, and others [2]. From this research, it can be seen that 12.8 percent of the students are all the time accessing these internet media and that more than half of the respondents (52.8 percent) access the internet more than ten times during the day. The new media offer incomparable possibilities compared to the old ones. But, at the same time, the experts in this field also raise the alarm about the violation of privacy, hijacking of the mind, killing of intellectual humility, misinformation, etc.
Natural Language Processing Approach to Evaluate Real-Time Flexibility of Ideas to Support Collaborative Creative Process
Authors: Ul Haq Ijaz , Pifarré Manoli , Fraca Estibaliz
Published: June 2024

Natural Language Processing (NLP) has emerged as a valuable approach to assist in solving complex challenges in educational settings. This study explores NLP techniques, particularly sentence embedding models, to evaluate the flexibility dimension of divergent thinking during an open-ended collaborative creative (cocreative) process. The methodology involved a case study in which 25 secondary education students participated. The students worked in five collaborative groups to solve a real-life challenge through a cocreative process. During this study, we focus on evaluating flexibility, defined as the shift from one semantic category to another, grounded in the semantic similarity of ideas. Initially, we measured semantic similarity with eight-sentence embedding models and experts. We also conducted a correlation analysis of the experts and sentence embedding models to choose one highly correlated model. Subsequently, we evaluated the flexibility of ideas in creative techniques using experts and the high-correlated sentence embedding model. The results disclose that among the eight applied sentence embedding models to evaluate the semantic similarity of open-ended ideas, the Universal Sentence Encoder Transformer (USE-T) is highly correlated with experts. Moreover, USE-T strongly aligns with experts’ evaluation to evaluate flexibility. These results will be valuable for designing and providing immediate feedback during cocreation, enabling AI-driven support to foster innovative solutions to real-world challenges.
Digital Competence of Secondary School Teachers in Hanoi, Vietnam: A Study Based on the DigCompEdu Model
Authors: Pham Ngoc Son , Nguyen Thi Hoang Yen , Vu Thi Quynh
Published: June 2024

Nowadays, technology poses significant challenges to education. Teaching tasks are closely linked to technology. Teachers use technology as a vital tool in teaching. Technology is constantly changing, requiring teachers to be continuously assessed for their digital competence to identify their strengths and weaknesses, thereby finding solutions to enhance their digital skills and meet the high learning demands of students. This study focuses on analyzing the digital competence of teachers currently teaching at secondary schools in Hanoi, Vietnam, using the DigComEdu model to measure teachers’ digital competence. The research sample consists of 445 teachers, indicating that the majority of teachers have digital competence at the B2 level, with the “Assessment” area of digital competence being the lowest. Interestingly, teachers under the age of 25 exhibit the lowest level of digital competence. The results gathered and analyzed concerning teachers’ digital competence, along with the conclusions drawn from this study, aim to develop teachers’ digital competence.
Le journaliste de sport : un acteur de société en mutation
Authors: Wille Fabien , Schoch Lucie
Published: June 2024

Les grands événements sportifs font bien souvent l’objet d’une couverture médiatique massive. Ils sont également témoins de transformations, qu’elles soient d’ordre technologique ou sociétal, susceptibles de bousculer l’exercice de la profession de journaliste de sport dont la pratique se situe à la convergence d’enjeux et de contraintes perpétuellement renouvelés. Ce dossier explore le rôle des journalistes de sport en tant qu’acteurs de société en mutation, qui se trouvent à la confluence des normes sportives, sociétales et professionnelles. En adoptant une perspective plurielle, tant dans les méthodologies employées que dans les concepts et les cadres de pensée mobilisés, ce dossier également met en lumière l'hétérogénéité et l'interdisciplinarité inhérentes aux approches en Sciences de l'Information et de la Communication.
De l’avant-garde à l’art contemporain : extension ou dissolution de l’autonomie de l’art ?
Authors: Heimendinger Nicolas
Published: June 2024

À partir de la fin des années 1960, les débats autour du postmodernisme et de la fin des avant-gardes ont donné une actualité nouvelle à l’idée d’autonomie de l’art, qui a fait l’objet de discussions nourries et parfois confuses. Le présent article s’efforce de distinguer plusieurs phénomènes souvent amalgamés dans ces querelles : les avant-gardes, les esthétiques puristes et le processus d’autonomisation sociale de l’art, s’ils sont historiquement et logiquement liés, ne doivent pas être assimilés. Ce cadrage conceptuel ouvre vers une analyse renouvelée de la fin des avant-gardes, nourrie des résultats d’une enquête empirique récente. Selon l’hypothèse proposée, l’épuisement de la dynamique avant-gardiste tient à l’affaiblissement de l’opposition autrefois structurante, au sein du champ de l’art moderne, entre un pôle autonome, matrice des avant-gardes, et un pôle hétéronome, bastion d’un art de convention, à la suite de la conversion des appuis institutionnels du second aux valeurs du premier.
Comparison of ultrasound-guided erector spinae plane block with ultrasound-guided pericapsular nerve group block for paediatric hip surgery: A randomised, double-blinded study
Authors: Mostafa Tarek A. H. , Omara Amany F. , Khalil Naglaa K.
Published: June 2024

Background and Aims:

Postoperative pain after hip surgeries in children could be classified as severe, requiring combined intra- and postoperative opioid analgesia with regional blocks. This study was carried out to investigate ultrasound-guided pericapsular nerve group (PENG) block versus ultrasound-guided erector spinae plane (ESP) block for pain management after paediatric hip surgery. The primary objective was to assess the time of the first request for morphine rescue analgesia.

Methods:

In this randomised study, 56 children scheduled for elective unilateral hip surgery were distributed randomly to ESP and PENG groups. Intraoperative haemodynamics, fentanyl consumption, postoperative pain measurement, morphine consumption, time of first rescue analgesia, adverse effects and parents’ satisfaction score were studied. The primary outcome was the time of the first request for morphine rescue analgesia. The Chi-square test, Student’s t-test and the Mann–Whitney U test were used, where applicable, to compare the groups.

Results:

The time to first rescue analgesia was significantly longer in Group ESP than in Group PENG (P < 0.001), with significantly higher postoperative morphine consumption in Group PENG than in Group ESP (P = 0.04). The pain scores of Group ESP were lower than those of Group PENG at 2 and 4 h postoperatively (P = 0.006 and P < 0.001, respectively). At 8 h postoperatively, the score was significantly higher in Group ESP than in Group PENG (P = 0.005). Other outcomes were comparable between both groups (P > 0.05).

Conclusion:

ESP and PENG could be both effective for intraoperative and postoperative analgesia in paediatric hip surgeries, but the ESP block prolonged the time of first rescue analgesia more than the PENG block.
Atypical presentation of molluscum contagiosum infection in a human immunodeficiency virus-positive patient
Authors: Sema-Ramashala Agnes Ramadimetja , Francis Ooko
Published: June 2024

Molluscum contagiosum (MC) is a skin infection caused by a virus of the poxvirus family. The infection is usually innocuous and inconsequential, occasionally resolving spontaneously. It is rarely associated with such severe physical and psychological morbidity. The clinical lesions are usually painless papules or nodules with central umbilication. Painful anogenital tumors exhibiting a cerebriform surface have rarely been reported. MC infection in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients may present with generalized papules and papulonodules, and sometimes, progression to tumorous lesions. Early detection and effective treatment of the infection in HIV patients will go a long way in preventing progression to tumors, which are known to be resistant to treatment. The tumors responded well to X-ray external beam radiotherapy.
“Purple-Xed” by a baffling bleed – A clinical care conundrum
Authors: Iyengar Maithreyi Govind , Umesh Soumya , Idiculla Jyothi
Published: June 2024

Human retro-viral disease and the myriad opportunistic infections associated with it continue to pose a diagnostic challenge to clinicians. Disseminated Kaposi sarcoma (KS) and KS-associated immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS) are entities that can be associated with adverse clinical outcomes unless recognized early by the treating physician. We present the case of a 36-year-old homosexual HIV-positive male who presented with unusual symptoms of KS and KS IRIS with lower gastrointestinal bleeding and respiratory distress devoid of any cutaneous manifestations.
A case report of genital Crohn’s disease with a brief review of Indian cases reported
Authors: Kura Mahendra M. , Malpani Sakshi Santosh , Kane Isha Kiran
Published: June 2024

Crohn’s disease (CD) is a type of inflammatory bowel disease, which presents with extraintestinal manifestations in some cases, skin being one of the organs involved. Vulvar and perianal involvement leads to significant morbidity and has an adverse effect on the quality of life. We report a case of genital CD affecting the vulva, perianal region, and oral cavity, due to its rarity and diagnostic difficulty.
Basal cell carcinoma at an eccentric location: A rare case report
Authors: Mitra Debdeep , Bhatnagar Anuj , Mutreja Deepti , Singh Abhishek , Sanoj P. K. , Kothari Rohit
Published: June 2024

Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common form of skin cancer, which presents with local invasion, has low metastasizing potential and a cure rate of 100% after surgical excision. BCC commonly involves sun-exposed areas with approximately 80%–85% of BCC located on the head or neck, 15% on the trunk, and <2% in unusual areas such as the abdomen, genitals, perianal skin, lateral edge of the foot, axilla, superior or inferior lip.
Multiple sexually transmitted infections as a presenting feature of human immunodeficiency virus/AIDS
Authors: Talati Avani , Marfatia Yogesh S. , Mahajan Rashmi Samir
Published: June 2024

A 45-year-old married male presented with nonhealing, painless ulcers with purulent discharge over genitals for 3 months. He had molluscum contagiosum over genitalia and forehead. A tissue smear suggested a diagnosis of donovanosis. Biopsy suggested diagnosis of molluscum contagiosum and serology was positive for human immunodeficiency virus 1 and herpes simplex 2. The patient was started on acyclovir and doxycycline. Antiretroviral therapy was initiated. The patient responded slowly over a period of 8 weeks. Immunocompromised patients having nonhealing genital ulcers must be subjected to tissue smear to pick up the diagnosis of granuloma inguinale.
Effect of apical foraminal enlargement on postoperative pain and inflammatory markers in asymtomatic single-rooted mandibular teeth with apical periodontitis - An in vivo randomized controlled trial
Authors: Gandhe Pooja , Aravelli Swathi , Penigalapati Sivaram , Kasam Swetha , Ramachandruni Nimeshika , Alam Sindhura
Published: June 2024

Aim of the Study:

This study aims to assess the effect of apical foraminal enlargement on inflammatory markers and pain in patients with asymptomatic single-rooted mandibular teeth with apical periodontitis.

Materials and Methods:

The study included 60 patients based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Before beginning root canal treatment (RCT), a blood sample was obtained from the antecubital fossa to evaluate the inflammatory markers, C-reactive protein (CRP), and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR). Access opening was done and initial irrigation was done. Working length (WL) was determined with an electronic apex locator and verified with a radiograph. In the control group, the determined WL was maintained, while in the experimental group, the WL was set till the apical foramen. Biomechanical preparation was done in both groups till F2 or F3 based on the initial apical file, followed by final irrigation and obturation based on the master apical file size. Patients were given a Visual Analog Scale to record pain sensations at 24, 48, and 72 h postoperative. After 72 h, patients were recalled for follow-up appointments, and blood was taken from the antecubital fossa again to evaluate inflammatory markers.

Statistical Analysis:

The resultant findings for the reduction in inflammatory markers before and after RCT with or without foraminal enlargement were statistically analyzed using the Student’s t-test. The pain was statistically examined with one-way “analysis of variance” and Tukey’s post hoc test for inter-group comparison of pain. The level of significance was set at P < 0.05. The statistical analysis was performed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) Version 23 for Windows (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). As pain in the control groups is zero before and after RCT, statistical analysis is not required as the overall pain score is zero.

Results:

The P values of the CRP and ESR of the control group were 0.02 and 0.03, respectively, which indicates it is significant whereas the P values of the ESR and CRP of the experimental group were 0.0002 and 0.0008 which indicates it is highly significant. Results indicate that the experimental group is more effective compared to the control group in reducing inflammatory markers. Pain in the control group after RCT was zero at the end of 24, 48, and 72 h. In the experimental group, where RCT was done with apical foraminal enlargement, mild pain was present at the end of 24 h which gradually decreased at the end of 48 h and no pain was reported at the end of 72 h.

Conclusion:

Reduction in inflammatory markers was more effective in RCT with apical enlargement than without apical enlargement. RCT with apical enlargement caused mild pain in the patients immediately after treatment which gradually decreased over time.
Comparative evaluation of push-out bond strength and mode of failure of three different obturating materials: An in vitro study
Authors: Jaganath Bharath Makonahalli , Rudranaik Sandeep , Krishnegowda Sahadev Chickmagarvalli , Nirmala K. B. , Nagashetty Yoganatha Hanasoge
Published: June 2024

Aim:

This research aimed to assess the push-out bond strength (PBS) to dentin of three distinct obturation materials inside the root canal and identify the failure mechanism.

Materials and Methods:

The research used 30 undamaged human mandibular premolars. The specimens were randomly assigned to three groups, each employing a different sealer (n = 10). Group 1 used AH Plus sealer, Group 2 used GuttaFlow-2 sealer, and Group 3 used bioceramic sealer (CeraSeal). The obturation procedure was performed utilizing the single-cone method with gutta-percha. The specimens were divided into sections and loaded using a universal testing machine. Following PBS testing, every sample underwent a stereomicroscope examination, and the specific failure mechanism was documented.

Results:

The average PBS was greatest for AH Plus, followed by CeraSeal and Guttaflow-2. Notable disparities existed between the coronal and apical levels.

Conclusion:

AH Plus exhibited superior PBS qualities to root dentin compared to other sealers.
A matrix metalloproteinase-responsive hydrogel system controls angiogenic peptide release for repair of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury
Authors: Liu Qi , Xie Jianye , Zhou Runxue , Deng Jin , Nie Weihong , Sun Shuwei , Wang Haiping , Shi Chunying
Published: June 2024

JOURNAL/nrgr/04.03/01300535-202502000-00028/figure1/v/2024-11-07T113602Z/r/image-tiff

Vascular endothelial growth factor and its mimic peptide KLTWQELYQLKYKGI (QK) are widely used as the most potent angiogenic factors for the treatment of multiple ischemic diseases. However, conventional topical drug delivery often results in a burst release of the drug, leading to transient retention (inefficacy) and undesirable diffusion (toxicity) in vivo. Therefore, a drug delivery system that responds to changes in the microenvironment of tissue regeneration and controls vascular endothelial growth factor release is crucial to improve the treatment of ischemic stroke. Matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) is gradually upregulated after cerebral ischemia. Herein, vascular endothelial growth factor mimic peptide QK was self-assembled with MMP-2-cleaved peptide PLGLAG (TIMP) and customizable peptide amphiphilic (PA) molecules to construct nanofiber hydrogel PA-TIMP-QK. PA-TIMP-QK was found to control the delivery of QK by MMP-2 upregulation after cerebral ischemia/reperfusion and had a similar biological activity with vascular endothelial growth factor in vitro. The results indicated that PA-TIMP-QK promoted neuronal survival, restored local blood circulation, reduced blood-brain barrier permeability, and restored motor function. These findings suggest that the self-assembling nanofiber hydrogel PA-TIMP-QK may provide an intelligent drug delivery system that responds to the microenvironment and promotes regeneration and repair after cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury.
Subretinal fibrosis secondary to neovascular age-related macular degeneration: mechanisms and potential therapeutic targets
Authors: Zhang Jingxiang , Sheng Xia , Ding Quanju , Wang Yujun , Zhao Jiwei , Zhang Jingfa
Published: June 2024

Subretinal fibrosis is the end-stage sequelae of neovascular age-related macular degeneration. It causes local damage to photoreceptors, retinal pigment epithelium, and choroidal vessels, which leads to permanent central vision loss of patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration. The pathogenesis of subretinal fibrosis is complex, and the underlying mechanisms are largely unknown. Therefore, there are no effective treatment options. A thorough understanding of the pathogenesis of subretinal fibrosis and its related mechanisms is important to elucidate its complications and explore potential treatments. The current article reviews several aspects of subretinal fibrosis, including the current understanding on the relationship between neovascular age-related macular degeneration and subretinal fibrosis; multimodal imaging techniques for subretinal fibrosis; animal models for studying subretinal fibrosis; cellular and non-cellular constituents of subretinal fibrosis; pathophysiological mechanisms involved in subretinal fibrosis, such as aging, infiltration of macrophages, different sources of mesenchymal transition to myofibroblast, and activation of complement system and immune cells; and several key molecules and signaling pathways participating in the pathogenesis of subretinal fibrosis, such as vascular endothelial growth factor, connective tissue growth factor, fibroblast growth factor 2, platelet-derived growth factor and platelet-derived growth factor receptor-β, transforming growth factor-β signaling pathway, Wnt signaling pathway, and the axis of heat shock protein 70–Toll-like receptors 2/4–interleukin-10. This review will improve the understanding of the pathogenesis of subretinal fibrosis, allow the discovery of molecular targets, and explore potential treatments for the management of subretinal fibrosis.
Inflammatory bowel disease training assessment of gastroenterology fellows in Saudi Arabia
Authors: AlDhneem Hassan , AlMutairdi Abdulelah , Attamimi Mashary , Mosli Mahmoud , AlAmeel Turki , Al-Bawardy Badr
Published: June 2024

Background:

Recent advancement and complexity in the management of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has made it challenging for gastroenterology (GI) fellows to obtain competency and confidence in managing the complex IBD patient. We aimed to evaluate the confidence and training in IBD among GI fellows in Saudi Arabia.

Methods:

We conducted an electronic, voluntary, and anonymous multicenter survey study of GI fellows in Saudi Arabia, from 1/5/2023 to 1/9/2023. The survey evaluated the fellows’ confidence level in IBD management, methods of training received, and the amount of additional training desired in 20 core IBD domains. GI fellows’ preferred learning method was also evaluated.

Results:

A total of 65 GI fellows responded to the survey. In the entire cohort, >50% of fellows reported low confidence in 7 out of 20 IBD management domains, which included 71% in managing j-pouch disorders, 67% in managing the elderly/frail patient with IBD, 60% in managing extraintestinal manifestations, 57% in recommending preventative health services, and 54% in counseling patients on small molecules. Receiving >4 IBD didactic sessions per year was significantly associated with high confidence in managing j-pouch disorders (44.4% vs 13.3%,P= 0.05) and managing the elderly/frail patient with IBD (86.7% vs 50.0%,P= 0.03). Doing an external rotation to expand IBD knowledge was associated with high confidence in managing the elderly/frail patient with IBD (100% vs 26.7%,P= 0.01).

Conclusion:

Many GI fellows lacked confidence and training in key domains of IBD management. Enhancing IBD exposure with didactics and external rotations improved fellows’ confidence in specific domains.
Skin adhesive as an adjunct in primary total joint arthroplasty of the lower limb: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Vial Izziddine Ahmad Ali , Boutros Ihab
Published: June 2024

Background:

Surgical site infection (SSI) after lower-limb total joint arthroplasty is a complication that is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Numerous risk factors are known to be linked to SSI.

Patients and Methods:

The wound surveillance data of 408 patients who underwent either a hip or knee arthroplasty between March 1, 2016, and October 31, 2018, inclusive, were retrospectively reviewed at our institution, a big tertiary teaching hospital at Salford Royal Hospital (Manchester, United Kingdom). The patients had undergone a primary elective lower-limb arthroplasty. These patients were selected from the Sunrise electronic patient records. Inclusion criteria were more than 18 years of age.

Results:

Four hundred and eight patients were included in the study. The rate of SSI was 8.3% (34 patients). Body mass index (P = 0.00948) and use of skin adhesive (P = 0.0016) were associated with SSI. There were also some notable absences such as diabetes mellitus, use of immunosuppressive medication, wound leakage <48 h, and hypertension.

Conclusion:

The incidence of SSI was found to be very high compared to the incidence reported in the literature. The high statistical significance shows that the use of skin adhesive in wound closure considerably reduces SSI, and therefore, its use should be recommended.
Surgical management for the intra-abdominal infection secondary to perforation of digestive tract
Authors: Liu Qinjie , Wang Pengfei , Lu Dong , Tao Qingsong
Published: June 2024

Abdominal infection caused by digestive tract perforation is a common cause of emergency surgery. In most cases, resection of the diseased intestinal segment is required. After resection, whether to perform a one-stage anastomosis or a stomy is the key to perplexing clinicians. With the continuous improvement of surgical technology and the increasing demand of patients to improve their quality of life, one-stage resection and anastomosis have become the most ideal surgical method. However, due to the concern about postoperative anastomotic leakage, the clinical practice of postoperative stoma rate is still high. This article reviews the surgical treatment of abdominal infection caused by gastrointestinal perforation in recent years, and discusses various preventive measures for anastomotic leakage after primary anastomosis, so as to improve the rate of primary anastomosis, which is of great significance for improving the quality of life of patients and reducing the medical burden.
Role of HIF-1α in the Responses of Tumors to Radiotherapy and Chemotherapy
Authors: Song Chang W , Kim Hyunkyung , Kim Mi-Sook , Park Heon J , Paek Sun-Ha , Terezakis Stephanie , Cho L Chinsoo
Published: June 2024

Tumor microenvironment is intrinsically hypoxic with abundant hypoxia-inducible factors-1α (HIF-1α), a primary regulator of the cellular response to hypoxia and various stresses imposed on the tumor cells. HIF-1α increases radioresistance and chemoresistance by reducing DNA damage, increasing repair of DNA damage, enhancing glycolysis that increases antioxidant capacity of tumors cells, and promoting angiogenesis. In addition, HIF-1α markedly enhances drug efflux, leading to multidrug resistance. Radiotherapy and certain chemotherapy drugs evoke profound anti-tumor immunity by inducing immunologic cell death that release tumor-associated antigens together with numerous pro-immunological factors, leading to priming of cytotoxic CD8+ T cells and enhancing the cytotoxicity of macrophages and natural killer cells. Radiotherapy and chemotherapy of tumors significantly increase HIF-1α activity in tumor cells. Unfortunately, HIF-1α effectively promotes various immune suppressive pathways including secretion of immune suppressive cytokines, activation of myeloid-derived suppressor cells, activation of regulatory T cells, inhibition of T cells priming and activity, and upregulation of immune checkpoints. Consequently, the anti-tumor immunity elevated by radiotherapy and chemotherapy is counterbalanced or masked by the potent immune suppression promoted by HIF-1α. Effective inhibition of HIF-1α may significantly increase the efficacy of radiotherapy and chemotherapy by increasing radiosensitivity and chemosensitivity of tumor cells and also by upregulating anti-tumor immunity.
Editor's Note
Authors: Ossom Batsa George
Published: June 2024

Editorial
Akan and Hebrew Proverbs on Poverty: Metaphoric Conceptualisation
Authors: Owiredu Charles
Published: June 2024

This paper examines the metaphorical structure of poverty in Akan (a West African language) and Hebrew (a Semitic language) within the framework of the Conceptual Metaphor Theory. The study explores how poverty is expressed in the Biblical Book of Proverbs and compares the conceptualization of poverty by the Akan people in their proverbs to those in Hebrew. The aim is to establish whether the two languages manifest cross-linguistic or cross-conceptual similarities concerning understanding poverty. The data reveal similarities between Akan and Hebrew concerning the metaphoric conceptualization of poverty.
Gender-Based Violence and Its Effect on Mental Health
Authors: Hussain-Abubakar Sherifat
Published: June 2024

Gender-Based Violence (GBV) is an age-long universal problem that affects individuals’ mental health regardless of their gender, ethnicity, or faith. However, the female gender is the most affected by this ailment due to the societal power structure that favours the male gender. Women and girls experience at home and in public arenas varied forms of GBV that cause them physical, psychological, sexual, and economic harm. Consequentially, their mental health becomes impaired. This study explores how Islamic principles can be a panacea to GBV and its associated mental health effects by examining the Nigerian Hausa, Nupe and Yoruba ethnic groups which have a reasonable percentage of Muslims. Taking into consideration the causes of GBV and its consequences, the study emphasizes the necessity for religious guidance to avert all forms of abuse and maintain mental serenity.
Evaluating the Health and Environmental Consequences of Sulphur-Related Diesel Emissions
Authors: Kwao-Boateng Emmanuela , Ankudey Emmanuel Godwin , Darkwah Lawrence , Owusu Danquah Kwabena , Boateng Kontoh Derrick
Published: June 2024

Sulphur content is one of the most important fuel parameters affecting exhaust emissions from vehicles. Sulphur is a direct pollutant that can combine with other atmospheric elements to form compounds that contribute to global warming; hence minimising its quantity in fuels is essential. Standards have been set globally to regulate the sulphur content of diesel fuels. This research undertakes a comparative analysis of the sulphur content in fuel samples, randomly collected from five different fuel station brands. The sulphur content of diesel was analysed with sulphur analyser Hitachi LAB X-5000 following the ASTM D 4294-16 test method which is deemed simple. In the Kumasi Metropolis, the mean sulphur concentration in diesel was considerably elevated (ranging from 60 – 258 parts per million (ppm)) in comparison to the global standard of 50 ppm. From the analysis, the sulphur levels were in the order: Brand A< Brand C < Brand D < Brand E < Brand B. An assessment of the impact of sulphur emissions (from cradle to gate) on health, the ecosystem, and climate change was done using SimaPro software (v9.4.0.2). The results revealed the detrimental effects of the emissions, particularly when using fuels sourced from Brand B. Therefore, it is essential to enforce measures that ensure the imported and consumed diesel in the metropolis aligns with the stipulated regulations. This will mitigate potential health risks and environmental damage that may ensue from escalated sulphur emissions. Random checks on diesel quality at retail outlets are recommended to ensure compliance with set regulations.
Isolation and Characterization of Pasteurella spps from Pneumonic Cases of Livestock in Three Regional States of Ethiopia: Evidence of Differences between Field and Vaccine Biotypes
Authors: Hadush Birhanu , Baraki Adehanom , Abera Dessie , Dawo Bari Fufa , Mohamed Mussa , Maru Yohannes , Afera Berihun , Ameni Gobena , Awol Nesibu , Gugsa Getachew , Kalayou Shewit , Taddele Menghistu Habtamu
Published: June 2024

Pneumonic pasteurellosis is the leading cause of recurrent morbidity and mortality in ruminant livestock in Ethiopia. Its control is mainly done using an annual vaccination with a monovalent whole broth culture of Pasteurella (P.) multocida. However, the multiplicity of the serotypes circulating in the field and the lack of cross-protective immunity hinder the effectiveness of the vaccination program warranting the development of a vaccine with better efficacy. To this effect, the identification, and characterization of the strains from different regions of the country is necessary. In this paper, Pasteurella organisms collected from camels, cattle, goats, and sheep with respiratory signs suggestive of pasteurellosis in the Afar, Tigray, and Benishangul Gumuz regional states were isolated, and characterized. From clinically pneumonic cases, 793 nasal swabs (286 goats, 276 sheep, 168 camels, and 63 cattle) were collected aseptically and cultured on Blood Agar. Bacteria pathogens were identified at the species level by biochemical tests. Culture positivity was 29.3% (243/793). The isolation frequencies of B. trehalosi, M. haemolytica, and P.multocida were 47.7% (116/243), 43.2% (105/243), and 9.1% (22/243), respectively. A higher isolation rate was observed in sheep (37.4%), and the lowest in cattle (6.2%). Mixed infection with B. trehalosi and M. haemolytica was observed in sheep, goats, and camels. Despite the higher frequencies of isolation of B. trehalosi and M. haemolytica from all host species, the vaccine currently being used in Ethiopia consists of only P. multocida biotypes A for sheep and goats and biotype B for cattle. Moreover, camels are not considered in the pasteurellosis vaccination program in the country. Therefore, the result of the study suggests the need to include B. trehalosi and M. haemolytica in the vaccine preparation as well as underlines the relevance of considering camels in the vaccination program.
Analisis Kejadian dan Biaya Kecelakaan Lalu Lintas (Studi Kasus Kota Jambi)
Authors: Imam Budy Prastiyo
Published: June 2024

One prominent transportation issue is traffic safety due to the high occurrence of accidents. Accidents can result from various factors such as driver errors, poor road conditions, unfit vehicles, and environmental factors. Polresta Jambi recorded that from 2019 to 2021, there were 200 accidents with 18 accident fatalities. Jambi City, as the economic hub of Sumatra Island, experiences heavy traffic due to its dense population. Traffic accidents are a primary concern in road operational management as they threaten the safety of road users. Traffic accidents have financial implications and can lead to loss of life. The consequences extend to poverty levels due to medical expenses and reduced productivity. This research aims to analyze the occurrence and costs incurred as a result of traffic accidents. The analysis methods used include descriptive analysis and gross output (human capital). The analysis results indicate that the highest number of accidents occurred on the Lingkar Timur 1-2 in 2019, totaling 19 accidents and 4 fatalities, with a total accident cost of IDR 5,541,137,534.
ПОБЕДА „АУТСАЈДЕРА“ И ШОКИРАНОСТ „ШАМПИОНА“: ФЕНОМЕН СВРГАВАЊА ДОМИНАНТНЕ ВРСТЕ КРОЗ ЕВОЛУЦИЈУ У РАНОЈ НАУЧНОФАНТАСТИЧНОЈ ПРОЗИ Х. Џ. ВЕЛСА
Authors:   Универзитет у Београду, Филолошки факултет, Петровић Горан
Published: June 2024

Овај рад се бави свргавањем доминантних и успоном недоминантних врста у борби за опстанак као репетитивним феноменом кроз еволуцију у раној научнофанта- стичној прози Х. Џ. Велса. Рад проучава пет Велсових раних књижевноуметничких дела – четири приче („Једна визија прошлости“, „Прича из каменог доба“, „Морски разбојници“, „Царство мрава“) и један роман (Рат светова) – и пружа хронолошки приказ предметног феномена, приказ који се састоји из три дела: од пада мезозојских рептила и успона си- сара, преко пада крупних месождерних сисара и успона човека, до пада људске врсте и успона неких других неантропоидних врста. Рад се темељи на идеји да је Велс свој рани фикционални опус темељио на дарвинистичком, ателеолошком и неантропоцентричном еволуционизму, а не на ономе ламаркистичком, телеолошком и антропоцентричном. Ау- тор рада такође борбу доминантних и недоминантних врста за опстанак у природи по- сматра у аналогији са надметањем „шампиона“ и „аутсајдера“ у спорту.
ХРОНОТОП, ПРОСТОР КУЛТУРЕ И(ЛИ) СВЕТИ ПРОСТОР: РАЗУМЕВАЊЕ ВИЗАНТИЈЕ У ВИЗАНТИЈСКОМ ЦИКЛУСУ ИВАНА В. ЛАЛИЋА
Authors:   Универзитет у Београду, Филолошки факултет, Бабић Тамара
Published: June 2024

У раду се испитује како се идеја Византије обликује у песмама Ивана В. Лалића из збирке О делима љубави или Византија. Лалићева Византија се ситуира у три различи- та просторно-временска теоријска концепта, чиме се проблем напоредо испитује из три угла. Полази се од најопштијег, Бахтиновог термина, хронотопа, при чему се испитује у којој мери га песнички концепт Византије у поменутој збирци изневерава. Пажња се за- тим посвећује оним слојевима културе и традиције који творе идеју о Византији као про- стору културе. У завршном одељку дискутује се о могућностима разумевања Византије као светог простора у песништву Ивана В. Лалића. Циљ рада јесте да допринесе ближем разумевању Лалићевог византинизма и понуди нове оквире за његово будуће тумачење.
РАДМИЛА ПЕТРОВИЋ У САВРЕМЕНОЈ СРПСКОЈ ПОЕЗИЈИ И КУЛТУРИ
Authors:   Универзитет у Нишу, Филозофски факултет, Младеновић Јелена
Published: June 2024

Појава збирке Моја мама зна шта се дешава у градовима (2020) Радмиле Петро- вић издвојила се као посебан догађај у српској поезији, али и у српској култури савреме- ног доба. У овом раду бавићемо се пре свега новом концепцијом песничког субјекта, суб- верзивном естетиком и поетиком заснованом на активирању проблема рода и културно условљених модела понашања. Ангажовани дискурс Радмиле Петровић који демитологи- зује патријархалне концепте додатно је проговорио о двоструко маргинализованој групи жена, сексуално и социјално-географски, те се кроз ову књигу о неприпадању и до краја нереализованој идентификацији, отворило више кључних проблемских подручја унутар доминантне културе, родних образаца, али и савремене поезије. Циљ рада је да укажемо на неколико феномена. Најпре на велику популарност ауторке и њене књиге упркос по- дељеним реакцијама, потом на њену рецепцију у књижевној критици, као и на основне поетичке и естетске карактеристике у односу на доминантне праксе и моделе у савреме- ној српској поезији. На крају, осврнућемо се на њену улогу у културној стварности нашег доба и поднебља, као и на однос према патријархалном вредносном поретку.
РЕЦЕПЦИЈА АНДРИЋЕВОГ ДЕЛА У СТВАРАЛАШТВУ БОРИВОЈА ЈЕВТИЋА
Authors:   Универзитет у Нишу, Филозофски факултет, Ћирковић Бојанић Мирјана
Published: June 2024

У односу на експлицитније аналогије између дела Ива Андрића и Боривоја Јев- тића, присутних у погледу њиховог историјског периода, регионалног простора, књижев- ноисторијског раздобља, па и делом политичког деловања у „Младој Босниˮ, овај рад се усмерава ка теми која је у исти мах важна у стваралачком, нарочито књиженокритич- ком домену Јевтићевог стваралаштва, и опседантна у укупном деловању Боривоја Јевти- ћа – писца, новинара, уредника, режисера, културног ангажованог посленика. Тумачећи Јевтићеву грађу о Андрићевом делу – белешке, записе, огледе, не заобилазећи наведене контексте Јевтићевог посезања за Андрићем и његовим делом, можемо боље разумети Јевтићев књижевнокритички метод. Истраживање показује да се схема Јевтићевих крат- ких осврта кроз друштвенополитички и књижевноисторијски контекст „јављањаˮ писца, кратак преглед његовог књижевног развоја, сажет преглед рецепције његовог ствара- лаштва, експликацију његових типичних и специфичних поетичких црта, усмерење ка најзначајнијем делу и експлицитно вредновање естетске вредности датог дела и укупног стваралаштва, као и указивање на допринос поднебљу на којем се као писац обликовао и коме се као стваралац обраћа, у белешкама о Андрићу додатно усложњава (постаје ком- плетнија), али и мења у смеру структуралистичко-наратолошког правца.
„КУЛТУРНА ПИСМА” ЧЕДОМИЉА МИЈАТОВИЋА И ВЛАДАНА ЂОРЂЕВИЋА: ОД ПУТНИЧКЕ ЕПИСТОЛОГРАФИЈЕ КА ПУТОПИСНОJ РЕПОРТАЖИ
Authors:   Универзитет у Приштини са привременим седиштем у Косовској Митровици, Филозофски факултет, Костадиновић Александар
Published: June 2024

Главни предмет нашег проучавања су чланци Чедомиља Мијатовића („Писмо из Лондона”) и Владана Ђорђевића („Једна ноћ у Атинама”), публиковани у последњем годишту часописа Отаџбина (1892). Према замисли уредништва Отаџбине, очекивало се да „културна писма” буду стални прилози сарадника који бораве у иностранству, као „периодични извештаји о главнијим и значајнијим цртама” духовног/културног покрета код разних европских народа. Са становишта историјске поетике путописа, посебно су занимљиви трансформациони процеси на морфолошком плану, тј. преобликовање мо- дела путничког писма у онај тип путописне репортаже која ће у српској књижевности остварити доминацију тек у периоду између два светска рата. С обзиром на то да је реч о непроученим, па и незапаженим текстовима двојице значајних српских писаца XIX века, остварени аналитички увиди омогућили би прецизирање и кориговање формираних књижевноисторијских судова, као и ближе одређење идеолошке тачке гледишта са које се моделује слика страног света у њиховој путописној прози
POJAM BORHESOVSKA PRIČA (POVODOM 80 GODINA MAŠTARIJA)
Authors:   Univerzitet u Nišu, Filozofski fakultet, Milutinović Dejan
Published: June 2024

U ovom radu1 izdvajaju se prepoznatljiva svojstva borhesovske priče. Posredstvom stu- dije slučaja analiziraju se poetička svojstva Borhesovih priča na nivou povesti, pripovesti i teksta. Nivo povesti sagledan je na osnovu strukturne zastupljenosti aktanata narativne sintakse i podeljen u četiri tipa: akterske (težište na akteru), detektivske (težište na događajima), hronotopske i minus povesti (težište na nekom nefabularnom elementu). Pojam ogledala navodi se kao dominantni princip strukturne organizacije akterskih povesti, dok su priče detektivskih povesti ostvarene na organizacionom načelu lavirinta. Borhesove priče hronotopskih povesti predstavljaju „putopise” metafizičkim i oniričkim predelima. Minus povesti potcrtavaju činjenicu da su sve priče u pove- snom smislu izrazito difuzne jer obuhvataju različite tipove povesti. Na nivou pripovedanja kao ka- rakteristična svojstva izdvajaju se enciklopedijski diskurs i komentar, dok tekstualni nivo upućuje na palemsističku organizaciju. U zaključku se navodi da je ono što predstavlja distiktivna svojstva borhesovske priče prevashodno vezano za dekompovanje tradicionalnih (realističkih) povesnih i pripovednih modela posredstvom istoriografskog (enciklopedijskog) diskursa radi upućivanja na metafizičke/transcedentne domene – univerzalna pitanja o sopstvu (identitetu, sudbini), vremenu (prolaznosti) i gnoseologiji.
ФИЛОСОФИЈА ЉУБАВИ У ШАНСОНИ
Authors:   Универзитет у Нишу, Филозофски факултет, Вучељ Нермин
Published: June 2024

У овом раду се аналитички разматрају максиме о љубави које се могу извести из шансоне, на основу чега се нуди известан преглед поимања природе љубавног осећања у класицима популарне француске музике. Кроз петнаест тематски репрезетативних, а овде анализираних, музичких нумера систематизује се шансоњерска ауторефлексија о љубави као таквој. Овим истраживањем се настоје образложити поставке да шансона представља сусрет поезије и философије, као спој лепоте и мудрости, и да музичка снага и стиховна дубина чине популарну француску песму мудром и поучном – што значи философском, и лепом и заводљивом – што је њена естетска раван. Истраживање се ослања на стручне ра- дове и студије у којима се популарна француска песма аналитички рашчлањује на мисао, осећање и певање, као саставне чиниоце њене метафизичке драматургије, захваљујући којој се класична шансона може уврстити у књижевно-философско стваралаштво.
THE RELATIONSHIP OF LUDOVIK PASKVALIĆ TOWARD LITERARY CONTEMPORARIES IN KOTOR IN THE 16 TH CENTURY
Authors:   University of Belgrade, Faculty of Philology, Ferri Ane
Published: June 2024

The topic of this paper explores the relationship between Ludovik Paskvalić (1500 - 1551), the poet from the Bay of Kotor and his literary contemporaries: Kamil Drago, Đorđe and Marjan Bizanti, Ivan Bon Boliris and the brothers Buća. Previous scientific studies have not been analyzing these friendships from a literary aspect, making this topic relevant and under-re- searched. A comprehensive insight into the mutual influences of literary creators who marked the cultural climate of Kotor during the 16 th century indicates the importance of social ties, literary role models and mutual inspiration, illuminating the dynamic and inspiring atmosphere that shaped the literature of that period. Also, the chronicling style of writing that is recognizable by the poet Paskvalić, left significant testimonies about the life and work of his contemporaries. The intention of this paper is to complete the existing knowledge about this critical aspect of Paskvalić’s life and creativity with the help of comparative, research and literary-historical meth- ods, i.e. to provide a deeper understanding of the relationship between the circle of Renaissance writers from Kotor, which Paskvalić preserved from oblivion in with his verses.