bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Tempo máximo de fonação /a/, tempo máximo de fonação previsto e tipo respiratório de mulheres adultas sem afecções laríngeas
Authors: Cielo Carla Aparecida , Gonçalves Bruna Franciele da Trindade , Lima Joziane Padilha de Moraes , Christmann Mara Keli
Published: May 2015

OBJETIVO:verificar a diferença entre o tempo máximo de fonação /a/ e tempo máximo de fonação previsto em relação ao tipo respiratório, e correlacionar os tempos máximos em mulheres adultas com capacidade vital dentro da normalidade e sem afecções laríngeas.MÉTODOS:pesquisa transversal analítica, quantitativa e retrospectiva, em banco de dados, de 51 sujeitos do sexo feminino, com diagnóstico otorrinolaringológico de ausência de afecção laríngea, com idades entre 18 e 44 anos (média 27,64). Utilizaram-se os dados: maior valor de tempo máximo de fonação de /a/, tempo máximo de fonação previsto, capacidade vital e tipo respiratório. O valor do tempo máximo previsto para mulheres foi calculado multiplicando-se a capacidade vital por 0,0051, e o valor encontrado foi determinante para a classificação do tempo de /a/ em normal, abaixo ou acima do previsto.RESULTADOS:houve diferença significante entre tempo de fonação previsto e os tipos respiratórios superior (17,44s) e misto (15,17s). Não houve diferença significante do tempo máximo de fonação /a/ nos diferentes tipos respiratórios, nem correlação entre tempo de fonação /a/ e tempo previsto.CONCLUSÃO:não houve correlação entre tempo de /a/ e tempo de fonação previsto e este último foi significantemente maior no tipo respiratório superior do que no misto na população estudada.
Disfonias orgânicas por neoplasias: análise de diagramas de desvio fonatório
Authors: Oliveira Iára Bittante de , Fernandez Eliane dos Santos , Gargantini Elaine Pavan
Published: May 2015

OBJETIVO:comparar dados acústicos obtidos por meio de diagrama de desvio fonatório de vozes de pacientes disfônicos submetidos a laringectomias parciais com vozes de sujeitos de mesma faixa etária, porém sem queixa vocal.MÉTODOS:foram estudadas as vozes de 28 sujeitos sendo 14 sujeitos laringectomizados parciais e 14 sujeitos sem queixa vocal, compondo um grupo controle. Ambos os grupos do sexo masculino com mesma faixa etária e nível de escolaridade.RESULTADOS:as vozes dos laringectomizados parciais 100% distribuíram-se fora do quadrante de normalidade, sendo que 64,3% se localizaram no quadrante superior direito, 100% apresentaram desvios horizontais e 85,7% tiveram desvio vertical de ruído. Do grupo controle 28,5% distribuíram-se dentro do quadrante de normalidade, 71,5% localizaram-se no quadrante inferior direito, 57,2% apresentaram desvio horizontal de irregularidade - em shimmere 7,2% em jitter. Apenas 7,2% apresentou desvio vertical de ruído no grupo controle. Houve significância estatística em relação aos parâmetros de jitter, shimmer e GNE (glottal to noise excitation) e entre a distribuição das vozes nos quadrantes direito superior e inferior do diagrama, na presença de vozes alteradas.CONCLUSÃO:o diagrama permitiu analisar e discriminar vozes alteradas daquelas com disfonia após laringectomia parcial diferenciando-as por meio de seus parâmetros, distribuição, localização e tipo de voz sendo considerado um recurso útil para análise vocal.
Desenvolvimento da linguagem em crianças com implante coclear: terá o gênero alguma influência?
Authors: Ramos Daniela , Jorge João Xavier , Teixeira António , Ribeiro Carlos , Paiva António
Published: May 2015

OBJECTIVO:avaliar a influencia do gênero no desenvolvimento da linguagem de crianças com surdez severa a profunda neurossensorial, após implante coclear.MÉTODOS:foram estudadas 30 crianças, 12 do gênero feminino e 18 do masculino, entre os 8 anos e 1 mês e os 10 anos com surdez severa a profunda neurossensorial bilateral congênita com implante coclear. Avaliaram-se as estruturas linguísticas semântica, morfossintaxe e fonologia. Utilizou-se o instrumento de avaliação: Grelha de Observação da Linguagem - nível escolar.RESULTADOS:a idade auditiva média foi de 72 meses no gênero feminino e 72.7 meses no masculino. As pontuações obtidas nos três níveis linguisticos foram estatisticamente semelhantes, quando comparados os gêneros. Nas provas de cada estrutura linguística também não se verificaram diferenças estatisticamente significantes.CONCLUSÕES:o gênero não influenciou o desenvolvimento da linguagem oral nas crianças utilizadoras de implante coclear, nas três estruturas linguísticas estudadas.
Potencial evocado auditivo de tronco encefálico por condução óssea: uma revisão integrativa
Authors: Curado Nathália Raphaela Pessôa Vaz , Muniz Lilian Ferreira , Silveira Ana Karollina da , Silva Adriana Ribeiro de Almeida e , Griz Silvana Maria Sobral
Published: May 2015

O objetivo deste estudo foi de realizar uma revisão de forma integrativa sobre os procedimentos utilizados nos critérios de aquisição do exame de Potenciais Evocados Auditivos de Tronco Encefálico por condução óssea com fins ao auxílio no diagnóstico de problemas auditivos. Foi realizada uma busca nas seguintes bases de dados: Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (Lilacs), Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (Medline) e Scientific Eletronic Library Online (SciELO). Utilizaram-se as seguintes palavras-chave: Potencial Evocado Auditivo, Eletrofisiologia e Condução Óssea, encontrados por meio de Descritores em Ciências da Saúde (DeCS). Os resultados apresentados são referentes aos 35 estudos selecionados. A maioria dos estudos optou pelo uso do estímulo clique, com transdutores por condução aérea os fones supra-aurais, como o TDH-39, para o estímulo por condução óssea, o vibrador Radioear B-71, com pressão de 425+/-25g. Observou-se que a mastoide foi à região onde mais se posicionou mais o vibrador ósseo. A maioria dos estudos refere usar polaridade alternada, com taxa de apresentação diversificada, sendo 57,7/s a mais utilizada e filtro de 30-3000 Hz, com uma janela de 15 ms de duração. Para taxa do estímulo a maioria dos estudos utilizou de 2048, e um total de estímulos de 2 registros. O Potencial Evocado Auditivo de Tronco Encefálico é um exame que vem sendo pesquisado há muitos anos e muito se tem descrito na literatura sobre seus aspectos de aquisição e analise, além de destacar a importância da sua utilização na população neonatal.
Acessibilidade à atenção fonoaudiológica em serviço de média complexidade
Authors: Lima Angela Siqueira , Feliciano Katia Virginia de Oliveira , Kovacs Maria Helena
Published: May 2015

OBJETIVO:avaliar a acessibilidade ao fonoaudiólogo em serviço de média complexidade do Recife.MÉTODOS:estudo avaliativo com triangulação de fontes de informação, realizado de fevereiro a outubro/2011. Participaram 38 menores de dez anos de idade, o fonoaudiólogo e dois funcionários do Serviço de Arquivo Médico (SAME). Utilizaram-se três questionários (acompanhantes das crianças, profissional e funcionários) elaborados com base no referencial de Donabedian. As crianças foram comparadas segundo cadastramento em Unidade de Saúde da Família, usando qui-quadrado e teste exato de Fisher.RESULTADOS:o profissional atendia três vezes por semana, durante um turno. O SAME entre janeiro e outubro/2011 ofereceu 17 vagas à população do distrito, ocorrendo sistemático rechaço de demanda, conforme profissional e funcionários. Das crianças, 73,7% eram meninos, 73,7% com 5-9 anos, sendo 94,7% diagnosticadas na policlínica. Para primeira consulta, 89,5% vieram encaminhadas por médico; 76,3% com agendamento no SAME, 63,9% chegaram de madrugada para aprazar (mediana do tempo de espera foi de 4h30min); 83,3% marcaram na primeira tentativa, 22,2% encontraram dificuldade e 76,3% esperaram até 15 dias pelo atendimento. Observou-se tendência de maior dificuldade na marcação das cadastradas (p=0,069), provocando mais insatisfação. O fonoaudiólogo aprazava retorno. Para 68,4% acessibilidade geográfica foi satisfatória, existindo maior insatisfação quando cadastradas.CONCLUSÕES:apesar das limitações na oferta de consulta, agendamento e coordenação das ações, a maioria das crianças não encontrou dificuldade para ser atendida por fonoaudiólogo. A disparidade entre condições organizacionais e ausência de maiores obstáculos à entrada sugere que este comportamento não representa o padrão da acessibilidade organizacional no serviço avaliado.
A eficácia da intervenção terapêutica fonoaudiológica nos distúrbios do espectro do autismo
Authors: Tamanaha Ana Carina , Chiari Brasilia M , Perissinoto Jacy
Published: May 2015

OBJETIVO:avaliar a eficácia da intervenção terapêutica fonoaudiológica para crianças com Distúrbios do Espectro do Autismo.MÉTODOS:a amostra foi composta por 11 crianças. Essas crianças foram divididas aleatoriamente em dois grupos: Seis estavam recebendo intervenção direta e indireta (GT) e cinco apenas atendimento exclusivamente indireto (GO). Foram utilizadas as seguintes partes do teste ASIEP-2: Autism Behavior Checklist, Avaliação de Interação e Amostra do Comportamento Vocal em três ocasiões: no início, seis meses depois, e após 12 meses.RESULTADOS:observou-se maior evolução do GT no Autism Behavior Checklist, Avaliação Interação e na Amostra de comportamento vocal. Tanto as mães quanto a fonoaudióloga perceberam mudanças comportamentais.CONCLUSÕES:a tendência de melhor desempenho das crianças atendidas na intervenção direta e indireta mostrou que esta associação foi fundamental.
Impacto da intubação orotraqueal na deglutição do indivíduo pós-acidente vascular encefálico após cirurgia cardíaca
Authors: Almeida Tatiana Magalhães de , Cola Paula Cristina , Magnoni Daniel , França João Ítalo Dias , Germini Michele FCA , Silva Roberta Gonçalves da
Published: May 2015

OBJETIVO:associar o grau de disfagia orofaríngea e o tempo de intubação orotraqueal no indivíduo pós-acidente vascular encefálico após cirurgia cardíaca.MÉTODOS:estudo clínico transversal descritivo, retrospectivo, realizado por meio da coleta de dados de protocolos e registros de prontuário, durante seis meses, em Hospital Público de Referência em Cardiologia. Foram analisados 25 protocolos e prontuários de indivíduos submetidos à cirurgia cardíaca, que evoluíram com acidente vascular encefálico e foram assistidos pela equipe de Fonoaudiologia. Os indivíduos foram divididos em dois grupos. O Grupo I (GI) constou de 10 indivíduos com intubação orotraqueal menor que 24 horas e o Grupo II (GII) de 15 indivíduos com intubação orotraqueal maior que 24 horas. Realizada avaliação clínica da deglutição e analisada a associação entre a classificação clínica do grau de comprometimento para disfagia e o tempo de intubação orotraqueal.RESULTADOS:verificou-se que no GI 40% apresentaram disfagia leve, 30% moderada e 20% grave. No GII 13,3% apresentaram disfagia leve, 33,3% moderada e 53,33% grave. Verificou-se associação linear significante entre o grau de disfagia e o tempo de IOT (p= 0,031), indicando que o número de indivíduos com disfagia moderada e grave foi maior no grupo com mais tempo de intubaçao.CONCLUSÕES:constatou-se que o tempo de intubação orotraqueal maior que 24 horas aumentou o grau da disfagia orofaríngea nesta população.
Uso de substâncias psicoativas, alterações vocais e qualidade de vida em usuários de drogas lícitas e ilícitas
Authors: Moreira Taís de Campos , Gadenz Camila , Figueiró Luciana Rizzieri , Capobianco Dirce Maria , Cunha Karini , Ferigolo Maristela , Barros Helena M.T , Cassol Mauriceia
Published: May 2015

OBJETIVOS:investigar a qualidade de vida e voz, além das principais alterações perceptivo-auditivas e as medidas acústicas jitter, shimmer e Glottal Noise Excitation em usuários de substâncias psicoativas lícitas e/ou ilícitas que buscaram um centro de tratamento para dependência química.MÉTODOS:estudo transversal. Os participantes responderam aos questionários de Mensuração de Qualidade de Vida em Voze World Health Organization Quality of Life Instrument-Bref. Além disso foi realizado, um registro vocal da vogal /a/ e de uma contagem de números de 1 a 20. Os registros vocais foram avaliados por meio da escala GRBAS-I (G - grau global da disfonia, R - rugosidade, B - soprosidade, A - astenia, S - tensão) e a análise acústica (jitter, shimmer, Glottal noise excitation) pelo software VoxMetria.RESULTADOS:avaliaram-se 29 protocolos e registros de voz; na amostra, 19 (65,5%) eram homens; a idade média da amostra foi de 37,8 anos. Os escores de ambos os questionários não apresentaram diferenças entre os usuários de drogas lícitas e os de drogas ilícitas. Na análise perceptiva por meio da GRBAS-I, eles mostraram predominância de alterações discretas e moderadas nos itens grau geral da disfonia, rugosidade e instabilidade para usuárias de drogas ilícitas. A medida acústica jitter e o shimmerestavam alterados para homens e mulheres, e o desvio padrão da frequência fundamental também estava alterado.CONCLUSÃO:alterações de qualidade de vida e voz foram identificadas em ambos os usuários. A maioria dos usuários apresentou alterações nas medidas de jittere shimmer.Usuários de drogas ilícitas apresentaram mais alterações de Glottal Noise Excitation e desvio padrão da frequência fundamental.
Fatores associados à prática do binge drinking entre estudantes da área da saúde
Authors: Cardoso Fernanda Mourão , Barbosa Henrique Andrade , Costa Fernanda Marques da , Vieira Maria Aparecida , Caldeira Antônio Prates
Published: May 2015

OBJETIVO:identificar a prevalência do consumo de álcool e a de fatores associados ao binge drinking entre acadêmicos da saúde de uma instituição de ensino superior.MÉTODOS:trata-se de uma pesquisa transversal e analítica, cujo instrumento de coleta foibaseadono Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test. A associação entre o binge drinking e demais variáveis foi investigada pela análise bivariada e Regressão Logística.RESULTADOS:a prevalência de uso de álcool foi de 135 estudantes (74,9%) e do binge drinking foi de 44 (15,3%). O binge drinking foi associado ao sexo masculino e ao tipo de religião. Quanto aos prejuízos para a vida acadêmica, o beber problemático esteve associado às faltas escolares, ao baixo desempenho em avaliações, ao envolvimento em brigas ou eventos fora da lei.CONCLUSÃO:houve alta prevalência de consumo de álcool e prejuízos relativos ao desempenho acadêmico estiveram associados ao binge drinking.
A Atualização dos Primeiros Métodos de Alfabetização em Propostas Contemporâneas
Authors: Trindade Iole Maria Faviero , Mello Darlize Teixeira de , Silva Thaise da
Published: May 2015

Este trabalho contextualiza a trajetória dos discursos na área da alfabetização, por meio do exame de seus primeiros métodos com soletração e sem soletração, de ordens discursivas, como a analítica e a sintética, e de propostas de alfabetização veiculadas por políticas públicas, como a do Programa Nacional do Livro Didático e a Provinha Brasil, no que concerne à implementação e avaliação da alfabetização, a partir da implantação do ensino fundamental de nove anos nas escolas brasileiras, desde o ano de 2006. Tal contextualização objetiva localizar a atualização dos primeiros métodos de ensino da leitura e da escrita e suas ordens discursivas em propostas de alfabetização contemporâneas.
The (un)receptive experiences of female rape victims who seek healthcare services
Authors: Barros Luciana de Amorim , Albuquerque Maria Cicera dos Santos de , Gomes Nadirlene Pereira , Riscado Jorge Luís de Souza , Araújo Bárbara Régia Oliveira de , Magalhães Júlia Renata Fernandes de
Published: May 2015

OBJECTIVE To know the structure and functioning of healthcare services from the perspective of women who have suffered rape. METHOD A qualitative study conducted with 11 women who experienced rape, monitored in a maternity in the state of Alagoas, Brazil. Data were systematically based on content analysis. RESULTS It allowed for understanding the path taken by women in search of support from health services, as well as the limitations and capabilities of these services. CONCLUSION The assistance received in healthcare services leans towards a revictimization process of women who already carry trauma from the rape. It is necessary to reflect about care practices aimed at sexually victimized women.
Arterial hypertension and associated factors in patients submitted to myocardial revascularization
Authors: Colósimo Flávia Cortez , Sousa Alexandre Gonçalves de , Silva Gilmara Silveira da , Piotto Raquel Ferrari , Pierin Angela Maria Geraldo
Published: May 2015

OBJECTIVE To identify the prevalence of arterial hypertension and associated factors in patients submitted to myocardial revascularization. METHOD Cross-sectional study using the database of a hospital in São Paulo (SP, Brazil) containing 3010 patients with coronary artery disease submitted to myocardial revascularization. A multiple logistic regression was performed to identify variables independently associated with hypertension (statistical significance: p<0.05). RESULTS Prevalence of hypertension was 82.8%. After the variables were adjusted, the associated factors were as follows: age, odds ratio (OR): OR=1.01; 95% confidence interval (CI): CI:1.00-1.02; female gender: (OR=1.77;CI:1.39-2.25); brown-skin race: (OR=1.53;CI:1.07-2.19); obesity: (OR=1.53;CI:1.13-2.06); diabetes: (OR=1.90;CI:1.52-2.39); dyslipidemia: (OR=1.51;CI:1.23-1.85); and creatinine>1.3: (OR=1.37;CI:1.09-1.72). CONCLUSION A high prevalence of arterial hypertension and association with both non-modifiable and modifiable factors was observed.
Usage of Calendula officinalis in the prevention and treatment of radiodermatitis: a randomized double-blind controlled clinical trial
Authors: Schneider Franciane , Danski Mitzy Tannia Reichembach , Vayego Stela Adami
Published: May 2015

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the efficacy of Calendula officinalis in relation to Essential Fatty Acids for the prevention and treatment of radiodermatitis. METHOD This is a randomized double-blind controlled clinical trial with 51 patients with head and neck cancer in radiotherapy treatment divided into two groups: control (27) and experimental (24). RESULTS There is statistically significant evidence (p-value = 0.0120) that the proportion of radiodermatitis grade 2 in Essential Fatty Acids group is higher than Calendula group. Through the Kaplan-Meier survival curve we observed that Essential Fatty Acids group has always remained below the Calendula group survival curve, due to the lower risk of developing radiodermatitis grade 1, which makes the usage of Calendula more effective, with statistical significance (p-value = 0.00402). CONCLUSION Calendula showed better therapeutic response than the Essential Fatty Acids in the prevention and treatment of radiodermatitis. Brazilian Registry of Clinical Trials: RBR-237v4b.
Development of the short version of the informal caregiver burden assessment questionnaire
Authors: Martins Teresa , Peixoto Maria José , Araújo Fátima , Rodrigues Marta , Pires Fátima
Published: May 2015

OBJETIVE to create a reduced version of the QASCI, which is structurally equivalent to the long one and meets the criteria of reliability and validity. METHOD Through secondary data from previous studies, the participants were divided into two samples, one for the development of reduced version and the second for study of the factorial validity. Participants responded to QASCI, the SF 36, the ADHS and demographic questions. RESULTS A reduced version of 14 items showed adequate psychometric properties of validity and internal consistency, adapted to a heptadimensional structure that assesses positive and negative aspects of care. CONCLUSION Confirmatory factor analysis revealed a good fit with the advocated theoretical model.
Prevalence of Burnout syndrome in health professionals of an onco-hematological pediatric hospital
Authors: Zanatta Aline Bedin , Lucca Sergio Roberto de
Published: May 2015

OBJECTIVE To identify the prevalence of Burnout Syndrome in medical professionals, nurses and nursing technicians working in an Onco-Hematological Pediatric Hospital in São Paulo. METHOD An exploratory, descriptive study with cross-sectional design and quantitative approach, with a sample of 188 health professionals. Data were collected using two self-report instruments: the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI-HSS) which is a biosocial data form, and a non-participant observation guide. RESULTS High depersonalization for nurses (29.8%), low job performance for physicians (27.8%), and of nursing technicians (25.5%). High scores were identified in at least two domains of Burnout in 19.2% of nurses, 16.8% of nursing technicians, and 16.6% of doctors. CONCLUSION Health professionals are highly vulnerable to each of the dimensions of Burnout syndrome - namely emotional exhaustion, alienation, and low job performance/satisfaction- in the hospital work.
Lithium nephropathy: a case report
Authors: Pereira-Silva Raphael Reis , Esperancini-Tebar Débora
Published: May 2015

Although widely used in the management of bipolar disorder, lithium may cause adverse kidney effects. The importance of the present study is to report the case of a 59-year-old woman who was under regular treatment with lithium for bipolar disorder and whose imaging studies demonstrated the presence of multiple renal microcysts, suggesting lithium nephropathy as main diagnostic hypothesis.
Efeitos diferenciados de práticas pedagógicas no aprendizado das habilidades de leitura
Authors: Oliveira Lúcia Helena Gazólis de , Bonamino Alicia
Published: May 2015

Resumo Este artigo discute a associação entre práticas pedagógicas declaradas pelos professores e o aprendizado de diferentes habilidades de leitura. Foram pesquisados aproximadamente 17 mil alunos e 600 professores do 2º e do 3º anos do ensino fundamental, utilizando-se Modelos Lineares Hierárquicos. A investigação mostrou efeitos diferenciados das práticas conforme o ano escolar e a habilidade em questão: no 2º ano, o estilo de alfabetizar enfatizando sílabas e palavras descontextualizadas apresentou correlação negativa com o aprendizado do código de leitura e de localizar informações, enquanto a leitura silenciosa e em voz alta apresentou correlação positiva com o aprendizado dessas habilidades; no 3º ano, a ênfase em cópia, ditado e caligrafia teve correlação negativa com o aprendizado de todas as habilidades investigadas e a leitura realizada pelo professor foi a prática que mais agregou conhecimento aos alunos entre todas as habilidades.
O IDEB como política de regulação do Estado e legitimação da qualidade: em busca de significados
Authors: Chirinéa Andréia Melanda , Brandão Carlos da Fonseca
Published: May 2015

Resumo Este trabalho procura discutir a qualidade da educação básica, legitimada pela avaliação externa e divulgada pelo Índice de Desenvolvimento da Educação Básica (IDEB). Esse índice combina o desempenho dos alunos na avaliação e o fluxo escolar, culminando no estabelecimento de um parâmetro objetivo (nota), que pretende refletir a qualidade educacional brasileira. As argumentações partem da premissa de que estes dois elementos são incipientes para determinar a qualidade educacional do país, na medida em que não se levam em conta os demais fatores que incidem sobre a qualidade, quais sejam: nível socioeconômico e cultural dos alunos; formação docente; valorização do magistério; condições materiais e imateriais de trabalho; gestão escolar; infraestrutura da escola, e insumos, entre outros. A reflexão que conduz ao debate sobre a insuficiência de elementos para estabelecer a qualidade da educação percorre os caminhos da avaliação externa no Brasil, da racionalidade técnica da gestão escolar referenciada primordialmente pelo IDEB e sua governabilidade, para atingir as metas determinadas pelo índice. Procura-se, com este ensaio, contribuir para o debate atual sobre o IDEB enquanto propositor e mobilizador de políticas nas escolas públicas brasileiras.
Towards actual brazilian traffic load models for short span highway bridges
Authors: Rossigali C. E. , Pfeil M. S. , Battista R. C. , Sagrilo L. V.
Published: May 2015

New live load models for highway bridge design in Brazil are under development by assembling real traffic database, traffic simulations, analytical-numerical modeling of the dynamic interaction between vehicle and structure and statistical extrapolations. This paper presents and discusses the results obtained in the first stages of this work which includes the comparison between the static effects due to the actual traffic of heavy vehicles and those generated by the live load model given in the current national code NBR 7188. It is demonstrated that this live load model is not appropriate to represent the actual traffic effects and may be, in some cases, non-conservative. The present work deals with short span bridges for two lanes single carriageway under free flow traffic scenarios. The representative static effects in these bridges due to the actual traffic of heavy vehicles are obtained by extrapolating its probability density functions to a certain return period. To this purpose, a traffic database was constructed by gathering data from several weighing stations in Brazilian highways which was then applied to perform traffic simulations through a specially developed computational tool.
Study of global stability of tall buildings with prestressed slabs
Authors: Feitosa L. A. , Alves E. C.
Published: May 2015

The use of prestressed concrete flat slabs in buildings has been increasing in recent years in the Brazilian market. Since the implementation of tall and slender buildings a trend in civil engineering and architecture fields, arises from the use of prestressed slabs a difficulty in ensuring the overall stability of a building without beams. In order to evaluate the efficiency of the main bracing systems used in this type of building, namely pillars in formed "U" in elevator shafts and stairs, and pillars in which the lengths are significantly larger than their widths, was elaborated a computational models of fictional buildings, which were processed and analyzed using the software CAD/TQS. From the variation of parameters such as: geometry of the pillars, thick slabs, characteristic strength of the concrete, reduceofthe coefficient of inertia for consideration of non-linearities of the physical elements, stiffness of the connections between slabs and pillars, among others, to analyze the influence of these variables on the overall stability of the building from the facing of instability parameter Gama Z, under Brazilian standard NBR 6118, in addition to performing the processing of building using the P-Delta iterative calculation method for the same purpose.
Electrochemical methods for biomedical investigations
Authors: Shumyantseva V.V. , Bulko T.V. , Suprun E.V. , Kuzikov A.V. , Agafonova L.E. , Archakov A.I.
Published: May 2015

In the review, authors discussed recently published experimental data concerning highly sensitive electrochemical methods and technologies for biomedical investigations in the postgenomic era. Developments in electrochemical biosensors systems for the analysis of various bio objects are also considered: cytochrome P450s, cardiac markers, bacterial cells, the analysis of proteins based on electro oxidized amino acids as a tool for analysis of conformational events. The electroanalysis of catalytic activity of cytochromes P450 allowed developing system for screening of potential substrates, inhibitors or modulators of catalytic functions of this class of hemoproteins. The highly sensitive quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) immunosensor has been developed for analysis of bio affinity interactions of antibodies with troponin I in plasma. The QCM technique allowed real-time monitoring of the kinetic differences in specific interactions and nonspecific sorption, without multiple labeling procedures and separation steps. The affinity binding process was characterized by the association (ka) and the dissociation (kd) kinetic constants and the equilibrium association (K) constant, calculated using experimental data. Based on the electroactivity of bacterial cells, the electrochemical system for determination of sensitivity of the microbial cells to antibiotics cefepime, ampicillin, amikacin, and erythromycin was proposed. It was shown that the minimally detectable cell number corresponds to 106 CFU per electrode. The electrochemical method allows estimating the degree of E.coli JM109 cells resistance to antibiotics within 2-5 h. Electrosynthesis of polymeric analogs of antibodies for myoglobin (molecularly imprinted polymer, MIP) on the surface of graphite screen-printed electrodes as sensor elements with o- phenylenediamine as the functional monomer was developed. Molecularly imprinted polymers demonstrate selective complementary binding of a template protein molecule (myoglobin) by the "key - lock" principle.
Optical surface plasmon resonance biosensors in molecular fishing
Authors: Ivanov A.S. , Medvedev A.E.
Published: May 2015

An optical biosensor employing surface plasmon resonance is a highly efficient instrument applicable for direct real time registration of molecular interactions without additional use of any labels or coupled processes. As an independent approach it is especially effective in analysis of various ligand receptor interactions. SPR-biosensors are used for validation of studies on intermolecular interactions in complex biological systems (affinity profiling of various groups of proteins, etc.). Recently, potential application of the SPR-biosensor for molecular fishing (direct affinity binding of target molecules from complex biological mixtures on the optical biosensor surface followed by their elution for identification by LC-MS/MS) has been demonstrated. Using SPR-biosensors in such studies it is possible to solve the following tasks: (a) SPR-based selection of immobilization conditions required for the most effective affinity separation of a particular biological sample; (b) SPR-based molecular fishing for subsequent protein identification by mass spectrometry; (c) SPR-based validation of the interaction of identified proteins with immobilized ligand. This review considers practical application of the SPR technology in the context of recent studies performed in the Institute of Biomedical Chemistry on molecular fishing of real biological objects.
Work Safety Climate, Safety Behaviors, and Occupational Injuries of Youth Farmworkers in North Carolina
Authors: Kearney Gregory D. , Rodriguez Guadalupe , Quandt Sara A. , Arcury Justin T. , Arcury Thomas A.
Published: May 2015

Objectives. The aims of this project were to describe the work safety climate and the association between occupational safety behaviors and injuries among hired youth farmworkers in North Carolina (n = 87).

Methods. We conducted personal interviews among a cross-sectional sample of youth farmworkers aged 10 to 17 years.

Results. The majority of youths reported that work safety practices were very important to management, yet 38% stated that supervisors were only interested in “doing the job quickly and cheaply.” Few youths reported appropriate work safety behavior, and 14% experienced an injury within the past 12 months. In bivariate analysis, perceptions of work safety climate were significantly associated with pesticide exposure risk factors for rewearing wet shoes (P = .01), wet clothes (P = .01), and shorts (P = .03).

Conclusions. Youth farmworkers perceived their work safety climate as being poor. Although additional research is needed to support these findings, these results strengthen the need to increase employer awareness to improve the safety climate for protecting youth farmworkers from harmful exposures and injuries.
Suicide Risk in Nursing Homes and Assisted Living Facilities: 2003–2011
Authors: Mezuk Briana , Lohman Matthew , Leslie Marc , Powell Virginia
Published: May 2015

Objectives. We investigated the epidemiology of suicide among adults aged 50 years and older in nursing homes and assisted living facilities and whether anticipating transitioning into long-term care (LTC) is a risk factor for suicide.

Methods. Data come from the Virginia Violent Death Reporting System (2003–2011). We matched locations of suicides (n = 3453) against publicly available resource registries of nursing homes (n = 285) and assisted living facilities (n = 548). We examined individual and organizational correlates of suicide by logistic regression. We identified decedents anticipating entry into LTC through qualitative text analysis.

Results. Incidence of suicide was 14.16 per 100 000 in nursing homes and 15.66 in the community. Better performance on Nursing Home Compare quality metrics was associated with higher odds of suicide in nursing homes (odds ratio [OR] = 1.95; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.21, 3.14). Larger facility size was associated with higher suicide risk in assisted living facilities (OR = 1.01; 95% CI = 1.00, 1.01). Text narratives identified 38 decedents anticipating transitioning into LTC and 16 whose loved one recently transitioned or resided in LTC.

Conclusions. LTC may be an important point of engagement in suicide prevention.
Convenience Sampling of Children Presenting to Hospital-Based Outpatient Clinics to Estimate Childhood Obesity Levels in Local Surroundings
Authors: Gilliland Jason , Clark Andrew F. , Kobrzynski Marta , Filler Guido
Published: May 2015

Childhood obesity is a critical public health matter associated with numerous pediatric comorbidities. Local-level data are required to monitor obesity and to help administer prevention efforts when and where they are most needed. We hypothesized that samples of children visiting hospital clinics could provide representative local population estimates of childhood obesity using data from 2007 to 2013. Such data might provide more accurate, timely, and cost-effective obesity estimates than national surveys. Results revealed that our hospital-based sample could not serve as a population surrogate. Further research is needed to confirm this finding.
Progression and Treatment of Bilateral Knee Bone Marrow Edema Syndrome
Authors: Miranian Daniel , Lanham Nathan , Stensby J. Derek , Diduch David
Published: May 2015

Case:

We report the case of a patient with bilateral multicompartmental bone marrow edema syndrome of the knee, which responded favorably to subchondral core decompression after failing to respond to nonoperative treatment.

Conclusion:

This case demonstrates that subchondral core decompression can be effective for the treatment of bone marrow edema syndrome.
Posterior Tibial Artery Perforator-Based Fascial Flap for Skin Necrosis and Exposed Extensor Tendon After Revision Total Ankle Replacement
Authors: Toyoshima Yoichi , Maeda Toshio , Oh Koei , Namiki Osamu , Kumamoto Hisao , Inagaki Katsunori
Published: May 2015

Case:

Delayed wound-healing of anterior ankle incisions can be problematic for patients who have undergone total ankle replacement. We describe the case of a patient in whom a posterior tibial artery perforator-based fascial flap was effectively used to cover skin necrosis and to repair the extensor retinaculum in a wound following revision total ankle replacement.

Conclusion:

When a tendon is exposed in the ankle, a skin flap is generally required. The creation of a perforator-based fascial flap is a useful technique for covering a wound with an exposed tendon and is an alternative to a musculocutaneous flap.
Length-Preserving Intramedullary Femoral Fixation for Traumatic Leg Amputation
Authors: Bauer Jennifer M. , Callan Alexandra K. , Jahangir A. Alex
Published: May 2015

Case:

We present the case of a twenty-one-year-old woman with a traumatic left leg amputation, substantial proximal skin degloving, and an ipsilateral femoral fracture treated with revision amputation distal to the fracture site and retrograde femoral nailing through the amputation site.

Conclusion:

A short retrograde femoral nail is a surgical option to fix a femoral shaft fracture proximal to a traumatic amputation in order to preserve limb length for effective prosthetic fit and ambulation.
Role of Silicate and Aluminate Ions in the Reaction of Sodium Hydroxide with Reservoir Minerals
Authors: Thornton S. D. , Lorenz P. B.
Published: May 2015

A chemical model 1s presented for extrapolating laboratory data on mineral-alkali reactions to reservoir time scales. Minerals 1n sandstone and ions in caustic solution were identified which control consumption of sodium hydroxide during alkaline flooding. This work may help operators to predict when significant dissolution of the formation will occur and where precipitates will deposit.

The dissolution of eight silicate minerals in caustic solution at 24° and 70° C was determined. The minerals studied were quartz, two feldspars (microcline and albite), two micas (muscovite and blotite), and three clays (kaolinite, montmorillonite, and chlorite). The concentrations of the ions: sodium, silicate, aluminate, and hydroxide were measured periodically during bottle tests.

Balanced chemical reactions are written for quartz, kaolinite, and phillipsite, and the corresponding equilibrium quotients are defined. A kinetic model is presented which includes rate constants, solid-liquid ratios, and equilibrium quotients to account for the effect of solution composition. The model was tested 1n detail for kaolinite at 24° and 70° C. The equilibrium quotient for kaolinite was found to be three times higher at 70° C than at 24° C. Dissolution rate data were fitted successfully with the kinetic model.

Kaolinite was observed to cause a supersaturated condition with respect to sodium aluminosilicate minerals when the hydroxide-ion concentration was above 0.07 mol/dm3 at 70° C.

The resulting onset of precipitation was characterized by a short induction time predicted by the model. Sodium and hydroxide 1ons were consumed at equal rates from solutions containing silicate and aluminate 1ons. In the presence of excess sodium hydroxide, within 2 months, each kilogram of kaolinite removed 5 equivalents of sodium hydroxide.

The reaction of Kern River reservoir sand with sodium hydroxide was studied to test the model. Consumption of sodium hydroxide occurred as predicted. However, caustic consumption was delayed in a slim tube packed with 99% quartz and 1% kaolinite, probably because of reduced nucleation of new minerals.
Designing and Selecting Demulsifiers for Optimum Field Performance Based on Production Fluid Characteristics
Authors: Berger P. D. , Hsu C. , Arendell J. P.
Published: May 2015

A method for characterizing and predicting the performance of emulsion breakers has been developed which involves the relationship between the preferred alkane carbon number (PACN) of the demulsifier to the equivalent alkane carbon number (EACN) of the crude oil and the salinity of the emulsified aqueous phase. This procedure can be used both to chose the proper emulsifier for field use and to develop effective new compounds by determining the effect of changes in molecular architecture and interfacial properties on performance. Parameters which have been studied include chemical type, molecular weight, degree of branching, partition coefficient between the water and oil phases, interfacial tension reduction and interfacial viscosity changes. The importance of each of these properties to performance will be discussed.
Promoting Data Reuse and Collaboration at an Academic Medical Center
Authors: Read Kevin , Athens Jessica , Lamb Ian , Nicholson Joey , Chin Sushan , Xu Junchuan , Rambo Neil , Surkis Alisa
Published: May 2015

A need was identified by the Department of Population Health (DPH) for an academic medical center to facilitate research using large, externally funded datasets. Barriers identified included difficulty in accessing and working with the datasets, and a lack of knowledge about institutional licenses. A need to facilitate sharing and reuse of datasets generated by researchers at the institution (internal datasets) was also recognized. The library partnered with a researcher in the DPH to create a catalog of external datasets, which provided detailed metadata and access instructions. The catalog listed researchers at the medical center and the main campus with expertise in using these external datasets in order to facilitate research and cross-campus collaboration. Data description standards were reviewed to create a set of metadata to facilitate access to both externally generated datasets, as well as the internally generated datasets that would constitute the next phase of development of the catalog. Interviews with a range of investigators at the institution identified DPH researchers as most interested in data sharing, therefore targeted outreach to this group was undertaken. Initial outreach resulted in additional external datasets being described, new local experts volunteering, proposals for additional functionality, and interest from researchers in inclusion of their internal datasets in the catalog. Despite limited outreach, the catalog has had ~250 unique page views in the three months since it went live. The establishment of the catalog also led to partnerships with the medical centerâ€™s data management core and the main university library. The Data Catalog in its present state serves a direct user need from the Department of Population Health to describe large, externally funded datasets. The library will use this initial strong community of users to expand the catalog and include internally generated research datasets. Future expansion plans will include working with DataCore and the main university library.
Harmonizing the Metadata Among Diverse Climate Change Datasets
Authors: Vellino AndrÃ©
Published: May 2015

One of the critical problems in the curation of research data is the harmonization of its internal metadata schemata. The value of harmonizing such data is well illustrated by the Berkeley Earth project, which successfully integrated into one metadata schema the raw climate datasets from a wide variety geographical sources and time periods (250 years). Doing this enabled climate scientists to calculate a more accurate estimate of the recent changes in Earthâ€™s average land surface temperatures and to ascertain the extent to which climate change is anthropogenic. This paper surveys some of the approaches that have been taken to the integration of data schemata in general and examines some of the specific metadata features of the source surface temperature datasets that were harmonized by Berkeley Earth. The conclusion drawn from this analysis is that the original source data and the Berkeley Earth common format provides a promising training set on which to apply machine learning methods for replicating the human data integration process. This paper describes research in progress on a domain-independent approach to the metadata harmonization problem that could be applied to other fields of study and be incorporated into a data portal to enhance the discoverability and reuse of data from a broad range of data sources.
The effect of the Ti (IV)-citrate complex on staphylococcus aureus growth and biofilm formation
Authors: Gritsenko Viktor , Ajsuvakova Olga , Tinkov Alexey , Bezryadin Sergey , Gatiatulina Evgenia , Ivanova Valentina , Chevela Vladimir , Nikonorov Alexandr
Published: May 2015

The primary objective of this study was to investigate the influence of the
Ti (IV)-citrate complex on growth dynamics and biofilm formation of S.
aureus. Speciation analysis was performed in order to estimate the structure
of the Ti complex existing in citrate solutions at near-physiological pH. It
is estimated that the fully deprotonated tris(citrate)titanate ion
[Ti(C6H4O7)3]8- predominates in solution at pH 6.46-7.44, and that this is
most probably the biologically active form of Ti(IV)-citrate. In in vitro
experiments, increasing concentrations of citric acid solutions (0.05, 0.005,
0.0005 M), served as positive controls, while the effects of respective
concentrations of Ti(IV)-citrate were examined. The obtained results indicate
that citrate decreased S. aureus 48 growth at all studied concentrations,
whereas S. aureus 44 growth was decreased only by high concentrations of
citrate (0.05M). Incubation of S. aureus culture with Ti(IV)-citrate
significantly potentiated citrate-induced effects. Ti(IV)-citrate
significantly altered specific bacterial growth rate in a similar manner. The
most significant growth reduction was observed at the initial period of
bacterial growth. At the same time, the opposite effect was detected in
investigations of the effect of citrate and Ti(IV)-citrate on S. aureus
biofilm formation. Citric acid suppressed S. aureus biofilm formation,
whereas Ti(IV)-citrate displayed a significant stimulatory effect. Our
findings suggest that Ti(IV)-citrate possesses a more pronounced biological
effect than citrate. The proposed mechanism of this action is activation of
complex transport into the cell and induction of oxidative stress. However,
the exact mechanism of Ti(IV)-citrate biological action on bacterial cultures
remains unknown.
Palynomorphological study of Dianthus petraeus waldst. et kit. (Caryophyllaceae)
Authors: Macukanovic-Jocic Marina , Jaric Snezana , Mladenovic Mica
Published: May 2015

The pollen morphology of Dianthus petraeus (Caryophyllaceae), which is
endemic to the Balkans, has been examined by both light and scanning electron
microscopy in order to provide taxonomically valuable characters that might
be used in the classification of the Caryophyllaceae, as well as to
contribute to the pollen atlas of Serbian apiflora. The pollen grains of D.
petraeus are radially symmetrical, apolar, spheroidal and medium-sized. The
mean of the pollen diameter is 45.5?1.4 ?m. The sculpturing pattern of exine
is microechinate-microperforate, and the tectum is covered with minute echini
averaging 0.8?0.1 ?m in length, more or less evenly distributed between the
perforations. The microechini average number per sample area of 5 ?m x 5 ?m
is 3.2?0.6. In view of the number, position and type of the apertures, the
grains are polypantoporate, with about 13 operculate pores, averaging 6.4?0.7
?m in diameter. Each operculum is covered with 4-6 conical spinules, which
are longer than those on the exine surface. The mean interporal distance is
13.3?1.3 ?m. The obtained palynological results provide information that
contribute towards a better understanding of the taxonomic status of D.
petraeus.