bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Updated Analysis of NEJ009: Gefitinib-Alone Versus Gefitinib Plus Chemotherapy for Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer With Mutated EGFR
Authors: Miyauchi Eisaku , Morita Satoshi , Nakamura Atsushi , Hosomi Yukio , Watanabe Kana , Ikeda Satoshi , Seike Masahiro , Fujita Yuka , Minato Koichi , Ko Ryo , Harada Toshiyuki , Hagiwara Koichi , Kobayashi Kunihiko , Nukiwa Toshihiro , Inoue Akira ,   for the North-East Japan Study Group
Published: August 2022

Clinical trials frequently include multiple end points that mature at different times. The initial report, typically based on the primary end point, may be published when key planned coprimary or secondary analyses are not yet available. Clinical Trial Updates provide an opportunity to disseminate additional results from studies, published in JCO or elsewhere, for which the primary end point has already been reported.

In a randomized, open-label, phase III NEJ009 study, gefitinib plus chemotherapy significantly improved progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) compared with gefitinib-alone in patients with untreated non–small-cell lung cancer harboring mutations in epidermal growth factor receptor. Herein, we report the updated survival outcome and long-term tolerability. Patients were randomly assigned to gefitinib (gefitinib 250 mg orally, once daily) and gefitinib combined with carboplatin plus pemetrexed (GCP in a 3-week cycle for six cycles followed by concurrent gefitinib and pemetrexed maintenance) groups. At the data cutoff (May 22, 2020), GCP demonstrated significantly better PFS2 (hazard ratio, 0.77; 95% CI, 0.62 to 0.97; P = .027) than gefitinib. However, the updated median OS was 38.5 months (95% CI, 31.1 to 47.1) and 49.0 months (95% CI, 41.8 to 56.7) in the gefitinib and GCP groups, respectively (hazard ratio, 0.82; 95% CI, 0.64 to 1.06; P = .127). The OS in both groups was similar for the overall patient population. No severe adverse events occurred since the first report. This updated analysis revealed that the GCP regimen improved PFS and PFS2 with an acceptable safety profile compared with gefitinib-alone. GCP is more efficient than gefitinib monotherapy as a first-line treatment for non–small-cell lung cancer with epidermal growth factor receptor mutations.
Retrolaminar Continuous Nerve Block Catheter for Multiple Rib Fractures: A Case Report
Authors: Seol Alice , Tsui Ban C. H.
Published: August 2022

Rib fractures carry high morbidity and mortality due to pain-related complications, such as hypoventilation, atelectasis, and pneumonia. Ultrasound-guided regional anesthesia is a common treatment for pain associated with rib fractures. But, due to a variety of reasons, ultrasound images can be ambiguous or unhelpful. In these instances, it is advantageous to have a tactile or landmark-based approach to treating rib fracture pain. We present a case of a continuous retrolaminar nerve block catheter placed without ultrasound guidance in a 67-year-old man with oxygen-dependent chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and a prior intrathecal pump, who presents with multiple unilateral rib fractures.
The Ritual Fusion
Authors: Rezaei Afsane
Published: August 2022

This article explores domestic religious practices of Iranian Muslim women in Los Angeles. In the diasporic context, Iranian women’s voluntary engagement in vernacular Islamic practices is often associated with an unreflexive pursuit of religion and lack of agency or with complicity with the Islamic Republic’s conservative brand of Shiism. To examine the complexities of such practices in the United States, this research relies on the ethnography of a monthly domestic gathering in LA that offers a hybrid blend of multiple devotional and social genres. The article demonstrates that the event’s performative and affective characteristics cater to a range of individual framings of the shared ritual and allow for complex and multilayered modes of engaging with the practice of faith. Further, it argues that vernacular Islamic practices in the diaspora are not always tied to individuals’ expression of religious conviction and pursuit of piety. By depicting the material and sensory aspects of the space, the article suggests that such rituals can serve as sites for engaging in a mode of diasporic nostalgia that does not commonly have a place in Iranian communities’ nostalgic narratives of the homeland.
Politics of Location in Persepolis
Authors: Hamidi Yalda N.
Published: August 2022

This article offers a transnational feminist reading of Marjane Satrapi’s graphic novel Persepolis based on the genealogy of politics of location. Articulated by Adrienne Rich in 1984 and criticized and evolved by Karen Caplan, the concept of politics of location provides a framework for rereading the graphic novel that highlights intersectional aspects of identities that appeared in the text. Through this lens this article looks at how Satrapi ties her personal story to the story of other Iranian women and at the nuances of the identities she represents to her Western readers. Notably, the article examines the politics of writing trauma, gender, and race into the text and analyzes the picture of other Iranian women through the mirror of Satrapi’s graphic novel. It argues that in writing Persepolis, Satrapi has made an undeniable contribution to challenging the dominant narratives of nationhood and female citizenship by documenting the trauma of the Iranian Left in the history of the nation. However, because of her specific color-blind politics of race and antireligious politics of gender, her work overlooks some groups of Iranian women’s existence and experiences. Thus this article argues against reading and teaching Persepolis as representative of Iranian women or a universal version of Third World feminism.
Analysis of "Green" Economy Trends Using Sustainable Development Reports
Authors: Kazakova Nataliya , Astvacaturova K.
Published: August 2022

The article presents a study of the trends of the "green" economy based on the analysis of reports on the sustainable development of the largest Russian companies in the mining and metallurgical industry. Comparative analysis of data on different methods of rating companies on criteria was conducted. Our research showed a high degree of consistency of the results according to different methods, and also revealed the problems of complex disclosure in the reporting of significant aspects of ESG information necessary for making managerial decisions, including responsible investment.
Una “memoria emocional” del terrorismo de ETA. Representación de las víctimas en La línea invisible y Patria. Representation of the victims in La línea invisible and Patria
Authors: Jiménez Ramos María , Castrillo Pablo , Labiano Juangarcia Roncesvalles
Published: August 2022

El cese definitivo de la violencia que la organización terrorista ETA anunció en 2011 dio paso a un debate político y cultural acerca de qué versión de la historia quedaría fijada en la memoria colectiva. Esta confrontación de narrativas políticas se ha conocido como “batalla del relato”. Los productos culturales, incluidas las series de ficción, juegan un papel activo en dicha batalla en tanto que contribuyen a la formación de la memoria colectiva a partir de una disposición emocional compartida. Este artículo analiza cómo dos de las principales producciones audiovisuales que abordan la historia de ETA, Patria (HBO, 2020) y La línea invisible (Movistar+, 2020), realizan su particular aportación a la “memoria emocional” del terrorismo utilizando la narrativa de la centralidad de la víctima, que pone el foco del relato en quienes han padecido las consecuencias directas del terrorismo.
El terrorismo en la música vasca: de los cantautores al rock radical y sus herederos
Authors: Mota Zurdo David
Published: August 2022

En este artículo se analiza la impronta del terrorismo en la música vasca desde la década de 1980 a la del 2000, prestando especial atención a la imagen del “conflicto vasco”, a ETA y a los militantes de esta organización terrorista. Posteriormente, se examina qué tipo de contenido se ha mantenido en las canciones de este estilo musical, haciendo hincapié en las víctimas y las temáticas que se han impulsado desde el final de ETA.
Terrorismo, guerra de ideas y videojuegos: teoría y práctica
Authors: Moreno Cantano Antonio César
Published: August 2022

En la era digital, los videojuegos se han transformado en una herramienta propagandística de primera magnitud, empleándose con fines políticos por parte de agentes estatales y diferentes organismos, incluyendo grupos extremistas. De igual manera, algunos títulos han vertebrado sus narrativas con un propósito educativo y concienciador, denunciando la sinrazón y la violencia de diferentes agrupaciones terroristas. En el presente artículo presentaremos un marco teórico general sobre cómo se ha utilizado el videojuego en la guerra virtual del terrorismo, ya sea a favor de este o combatiéndolo, mediante creaciones ex profeso o a través de modificaciones de famosos juegos bélicos. Seguidamente, incluiremos un estudio de caso referido a España, analizando la representación en este medio videolúdico de la problemática de ETA o de los atentados yihadistas del 11-M. Como resultado preliminar, queremos destacar la importancia de este formato interactivo en la actualidad, ya sea desde un punto de vista propagandístico, educativo o informativo.
Whistleblowing and Group Affiliation: The Role of Group Cohesion and the Locus of the Wrongdoer in Reporting Decisions
Authors: Bergemann Patrick , Aven Brandy
Published: August 2022

Conventional accounts describe whistleblowing as prosocial behavior, where whistleblowers are largely driven by a desire to help or improve their organization. Yet individuals are not only members of their organization; they also belong to internal social groups that affect behavior and influence decision making. In this paper, we focus on these intraorganizational dynamics and theorize two ways in which group affiliations are likely to affect whistleblowing. When an individual observes wrongdoing committed by a person affiliated with the same group, higher group cohesion decreases the likelihood of blowing the whistle because of potential whistleblowers’ greater loyalties toward group members and a desire to protect the reputation of the group. When an individual observes wrongdoing committed by a person not affiliated with the same group, higher group cohesion increases the likelihood of blowing the whistle, as potential whistleblowers feel they have the support of fellow group members, lessening fears of retaliation. Using unique data on actual and hypothetical whistleblowing among U.S. federal employees in 24 departments and agencies coupled with a vignette experiment, we find support for our arguments. By showing how group affiliations inform whistleblowing decisions, we reveal how variation in social structure leads to heterogeneity in responses to wrongdoing. Together, these results reveal tradeoffs in the detection of misconduct and help explain why wrongdoing in organizations may be so difficult to eradicate.
Metacarpophalangeal Joint Arthroplasty in Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis: A Case Series
Authors: Paul Aaron , Srnec Jason , Rizzo Marco
Published: August 2022

Introduction: Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is an inflammatory arthritis of childhood that can lead to pain and dysfunction of the hands. In severe progressive cases, in which medical treatment does not result in symptom improvement, limited options are available. Metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joint arthroplasty remains a standard surgical treatment for inflammatory arthritis of the MCPmetacarpophalangeal joints in adults; however, no reports exist about its use in children or for JIA. Case Presentation:We present two cases of MCP joint arthroplasty in patients with severe progressive JIA. The first patient presented at 21 years old with increasing pain and limited use of her right hand and underwent MCP arthroplasty using a pyrocarbon implant. The second patient presented at 14 years old with severe pain, contractures, subluxations, and the inability to use her right hand, subsequently undergoing MCP replacement with a silicone-based implant. The joint replacements resulted in pain relief and improvement of hand function for both patients, though the pyrocarbon implants had poor radiographic outcomes at 7 years follow- up, while the silicone implants had limited functional improvement. Conclusions: MCPMetacarpophalangeal joint replacement may be considered in patients with severe inflammatory arthritis to relieve pain and/or to extend functional use of the fingers and hands. In these cases, silicone arthroplasty radiographically fared better than pyrocarbon.
Management of Patella Fractures Non-amenable to Tension Band Wiring: Series of Nine Cases with Review of Literature
Authors: Kulkarni Shrihari L , Mannual Sunil , Daragad Manjunath , Patil Naveenkumar , Shetty Deekshith
Published: August 2022

Introduction: Patella fractures account for about 1% of all musculoskeletal injuries. Modified tension band wiring (TBW) is the most commonly used technique for the management of patella fractures. However, all patella fractures are not-amenable to TBW. In this series, we present nine cases managed with open reduction and internal fixation using non-absorbable braided polyester suture (Ethicon Ethibond Excel 5-0) with circumferential stainless-steel wiring. Case Series: This series included nine patients with fractured patella and managed with open reduction and internal fixation with non-absorbable sutures and circumferential wiring. Patient demographics, fracture type, time to union, functional outcome, and complications were recorded. Patients were followed up for minimum of 6 months (11.6 ± 3.7 months). All fractures went on to unite with average fracture healing time of 13.8 weeks. Mean Lyshom and Bostman score were 83 and 25.6, respectively. Seven patients had excellent to good outcome. One each had fair and poor outcomes. One patient developed superficial infection and knee stiffness. Conclusion: Open reduction and fixation with non-absorbable sutures augmented with circumferential wiring are an efficient method for the management of severely comminuted and multi-fragmentary lower pole patella fractures with minimum complications.
Metaphyseal–diaphyseal Junctional Fractures of the Distal Humerus in Children: Two Case Series
Authors: Niitsuma Gaku , Yagi Toshio , Kubo Kazutoshi , Kawasaki Keikichi , Inagaki Katsunori
Published: August 2022

Introduction: Although there are few descriptions in textbooks and it is stated that the treatment of metaphyseal–diaphyseal junctional (MDJ) fracture is difficult, there is almost no detailed description on its treatment methods and precautions. Case Presentation: We encountered two patients, 9-year-old and 1-year and 11-month-old Japanese boys, with MDJ fractures of the distal humerus, which are very rare in children. Unlike supracondylar fractures of the distal humerus, the fractures were spiral fractures, which made percutaneous pinning very difficult. Open reduction was performed using a bilateral approach with two skin incisions. Both patients recovered completely and had no problems carrying out activities of daily living or playing sports. Conclusions: For patients that are old enough to receive a locking plate, we recommend fixation using a locking plate. In cases of unilateral pinning without cross-pinning, retrograde intramedullary nailing should be considered. MDJ fractures of the distal humerus should be treated as distal humeral shaft fractures, not as subtypes of supracondylar fractures of the humerus.
Surgical Management of Aggressive Knee Tuberculosis with Open Subtotal Synovectomy – A Case Report and Review of Literature
Authors: Mahajan Neetin Pralhad , Pande Kartik Prashant , Dadhaniya Ravi Rameshbhai , Talukder Pritam , Bagimani Pramod K
Published: August 2022

Introduction: Skeletal tuberculosis (TB) accounts for approximately 10–35% of the extra-pulmonary cases, where knee TB accounts for around 8% of extra-pulmonary TB cases after hip and spine. In about one-third of patients with extra-pulmonary TB, pulmonary TB is concomitantly found. The management of knee TB poses an initial diagnostic challenge due to its non-specific symptoms and absence of constitutional symptoms after which depending on the response to AKT – surgical intervention open or arthroscopic could be contemplated. Case Report: We have a 30-year-old female patient diagnosed with the right-sided knee TB on synovial biopsy started on anti-tubercular treatment. After 1 month of conservative middle path regimen, She presented to us with worsening knee pain and swelling over the right knee and difficulty in standing and moving out of bed as well as inability to sleep and night cries affecting significantly her activities of daily living. The patient was managed with open arthrotomy and subtotal synovectomy was done along with thorough debridement resulting in significant reduction in the pain and swelling in the post-operative period with return of range of motion with daily activities. Conclusion: As clear in our case, apart from the conventional chemotherapeutic regimen for TB, surgical management is sometimes indicated in patients with an aggressive joint infection with severe impairment in performing activities of daily living. It also helps to decrease the disease load which provides symptomatic relief to the patient and helps in recovery, thereby improving the quality of life.
A Rare Case of Open 3A VTB2W Periprosthetic Fracture around a Total Hip Arthroplasty
Authors: Selvaratnam Veenesh , Kassam Al-Amin , Hubble Matthew J W
Published: August 2022

Introduction: The incidence of periprosthetic fracture (PPF) around a total hip arthroplasty (THA) continues to increase with the rise of number of THA performed. We present a rare case of a 73-year-old man who sustained an open periprosthetic femur fracture around a THA. Case Report: This gentleman sustained an open PPF around a fully cemented THA after he lost control and fell off his bicycle. After thorough surgical debridement, internal fixation with double plating was performed and the fracture went on to unite with an excellent patient reported outcome score. To the best of our knowledge, this is the only reported open 3A VTB2W PPF THA in the literature. Conclusion: Open PPF around a THA is a rare and uncommon occurrence. Principles of open fracture management should be continued and we recommend urgent surgery to reduce the risk of post-operative infection. Open VTB2W PPF should be fixed with double plating if the bone cement interface is intact and the fracture can be anatomically reduced. Double plating gives additional rotational stability and allows early weight bearing post-operatively.
Intra-articular Osteoid Osteoma Involving the Femoral Neck in Pediatric Population: A Case Report of 2 Cases
Authors: Ratra Rohan , Peshin Chetan
Published: August 2022

Introduction: An osteoid osteoma is a benign bone tumor. It is quite common and has become a known entity to most orthopedists and radiologists since it was first reported by Jaffe in 1935. Considering its incidence, it is at third position in the list of most common benign tumors, with prevalence up to 11% among the benign tumors and 3% among primary bone tumors. Case Report: Case 1 - A 15-year-old male presented with symptoms of left hip pain for 1 year. Radiographs were repeated by us at 1 year which revealed cortical thickening and sclerosis surrounding the central lucent nidus in the posterolateral aspect of femoral neck. The patient underwent en bloc resection of the lesion. Case 2 - A 13-year-old male presented with symptoms of left hip pain for 1⅟2 years. Radiographs revealed an irregular lucent area surrounded by sclerosis in inferior aspect of femoral neck. By gradual removal of overlying reactive bone, the underlying nidus was exposed. Excision with curettage and burr was applied to the nidus, with bone chips used to fill the cortical defect. Results: Both the patients were followed for a period of 1 year from surgery as chances of recurrence of osteoid osteoma is within that period. In both the cases, Harris hip score improved from poor status pre-operatively to a score between 80 and 89 (good result) at 1 month, and >90 (excellent result) on further follow-ups. By 1 year, the lesion had healed and femoral neck size, neck shaft angle, and joint widening were also reduced to normal. Discussion and Conclusion: Intra-articular osteoid osteomas behave differently than extra-articular tumors. The radiological and clinical features are different from extra-articular lesions. Computed tomography (CT)-guided radiofrequency (RF) ablation is a safe, effective, simple method to treat osteoid osteoma. Open excision can be performed in the absence of CT-guided RF ablation.
Associative-memory deficit as a function of age and stimuli serial position
Authors: Guez Jonathan , Saar-Ashkenazy Rotem , Poznanski Yael
Published: August 2022

Studies have shown associative-memory decline in aging. While the literature is inconclusive regarding the source of the deficit, some researchers argue that it is caused by impaired encoding and maintenance processes in working-memory (WM). Successful retrieval of a stimulus depends on its sequential presentation in the learning list: stimuli at the beginning or the end of the learning list benefit from higher retrieval probability. These effects are known as “primacy” and “recency” effects, respectively. In the case of the primacy-effect, stimuli at early list positions benefit from extensive rehearsal that results in enhanced consolidation and trace in long-term memory (LTM). In the case of the recency-effect, target stimuli at later serial positions are still maintained in WM and can therefore be effortlessly retrieved. Considering these effects could shed light on the involvement of WM in associative-binding. Both behavioral and neuroimaging researchers have studied associative-decline in aging. However, no work has explicitly tested age differences in memory for items versus associations as a function of stimuli serial position (SSP). In the current study, 22 younger and 22 older adults were recruited to participate in a study aimed to test the separate and joint effects of both SSP and aging on memory-recognition of items and associations. In the task used, retrieval was manipulated for SSP (beginning/middle/end of the list) and item/associations recognition modes. We hypothesized that greater associative-decline will be observed in older adults, specifically for recently presented material. The results showed that both groups presented a significant associative-deficit at the recency positions; this decrease was additive and did not correspond to the expected interaction effect. Further analysis showed that the source of associative-memory decline for stimuli at recency position in older adults resulted from an increase in false-alarm (FA) rates. These results support the involvement of WM-binding impairment in aging.
Willingness to participate in, support or carry out scientific studies for benefit assessment of available medical interventions: A stakeholder survey
Authors: Stadelmaier Julia , Meerpohl Joerg J. , Toews Ingrid
Published: August 2022

Background

Post-entry studies are a key element in managed entry agreements and aim at generating evidence about the additional benefit of new medical interventions before reimbursement decisions are made. This study evaluates the willingness of different stakeholder groups to engage post-entry in studies for benefit assessment and to assess differences in their willingness by study type, i.e. randomised controlled trial or observational study.

Methods

We conducted a cross-sectional, web-based survey with a self-administrated questionnaire in German language. We disseminated invitations to patients, patient representatives, healthcare providers, trialists & scientists and representatives of the medical private sector, using a snowball system, public contact details of German associations and organisations, and social media. We analysed quantitative data descriptively and qualitative data inductively.

Results

Data of 154 respondents were available for analysis. The majority (>85%) was willing to engage in the studies in general, and regarding different study types. Scientists reported a higher willingness to conduct and support RCTs (p = 0.01) as compared to observational studies. Representatives of the private sector were mainly willing to support, but not to carry out post-entry studies. Stakeholders frequently mentioned that potential personal benefit and altruistic motives were relevant for their decision to engage in studies. Practical inconveniences, poor integration into daily life, high demand for time and personnel, and lack of resources were commonly mentioned barriers.

Discussion and conclusion

Stakeholders clearly reported to be willing to engage in post-entry studies for benefit assessment. Self-reported willingness to participate in and support for studies seems higher than practical recruitment rates. The survey might be subject to survey error and self-enhancement of participants. Inquiring about the willingness of hypothetical studies might have caused participants to report higher willingness. Motives for and against participation may be possible starting points for approaches to overcome recruitment difficulties and facilitate successful study conduct.
Combination of PI-RADS score and mRNA urine test—A novel scoring system for improved detection of prostate cancer
Authors: Katzendorn Olga , von Klot Christoph A. J. , Mahjoub Samy , Faraj Tabrizi Pouriya , Harke Nina N. , Tezval Hossein , Hellms Susanne , Hennenlotter Jörg , Baig Mirza S. , Stenzl Arnulf , Seith Ferdinand , Lafos Marcel , Kuczyk Markus A. , Rausch Steffen , Peters Inga
Published: August 2022

Available tests to detect clinically significant prostate cancer frequently lead to overdiagnosis and overtreatment. Our study assessed the feasibility of combining a urinary biomarker-based risk score (SelectMDx®) and multiparametric MRI outcomes in order to identify patients with prostate cancer on prostate biopsy with increased accuracy and reliability. Samples of 74 men with suspicion of prostate cancer and available multiparametric MRI were analysed in a prospective cross-sectional study design. First-voided urine for determination of HOXC6 and DLX1 mRNA levels was collected after digital rectal examination and prior to MRI/ultrasound fusion-guided prostate biopsy. All multiparametric MRI images were centrally reviewed by two experienced radiologists blinded for urine test results and biopsy outcome. The PI-RADS v2 was used. SelectMDx® score, PI-RADS and Gleason Sore were obtained. Associations between Gleason Score, PI-RADS scores and SelectMDx® were assessed using ANOVA and t-test. Sensitivity and specificity were assessed and evaluated as area-under-the-curve of the receiver operating characteristic. Upon biopsy, 59.5% of patients were diagnosed with prostate cancer, whereby 40.6% had high-grade prostate cancer (GS ≥ 7a). SelectMDx® scores were significantly higher for patients with positive biopsy findings (49.07 ± 25.99% vs. 22.00 ± 26.43%; p < 0.001). SelectMDx® scores increased with higher PI-RADS scores. Combining SelectMDx®, history of prior biopsy with benign histology and PI-RADS scores into a novel scoring system led to significant prostate cancer detection rates with tiered detection rate of 39%, 58%, 81% and 100% for Gleason grade group II, III, IV, and V, respectively. The area-under-the-curve for our novel sum score in receiver operating characteristic analysis was 0.84. The synergistic combination of two non-invasive tests into a sum score with increased sensitivity may help avoiding unnecessary biopsies for initial prostate cancer diagnosis. For confirmation, further prospective studies with larger sample sizes and univariate and multivariate regression analyses and decision curve analyses are required.
Modelling the microelimination of chronic hepatitis C in the canton of Bern, Switzerland: Reaching the Swiss Hepatitis Strategy goals despite the impact of the COVID 19 pandemic
Authors: Schorr Olivier , Blach Sarah , Thurnheer Christine , Ruis Christian , Dufour Jean-Francois
Published: August 2022

Aims of the study

Since 2014, the Swiss Hepatitis Strategy (SHS) has targeted the elimination of Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) in Switzerland. The epidemiology of HCV is diverse across Swiss cantons, therefore cantonal-level screening and treatment strategies should be developed. This study aimed to identify scenarios to achieve HCV elimination in the canton of Bern by 2030.

Methods

A preexisting Markov disease burden model was populated with data for Bern, and used to forecast the current and future prevalence of HCV, annual liver-related deaths (LRDs), and incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma and decompensated cirrhosis until 2030. Scenarios were developed to assess the current standard of care and potential long-term impact of the COVID-19 crisis on the HCV infected population. Additionally, potential scenarios for achieving the WHO 2030 targets and the SHS 2025 and 2030 targets (reduction of new cases of HCV, HCV-related mortality and viremic HCV cases) were identified.

Results

In 2019, there were an estimated 4,600 (95% UI: 3,330–4,940) viremic infections in the canton of Bern and 57% (n = 2,600) of viremic cases were diagnosed. This modelling forecasted a 10% increase in LRDs (28 in 2020 to 31 in 2030) with the current standard of care and a 50% increase in LRDs in a scenario assuming long-term delays. To achieve the WHO and SHS targets, the canton of Bern needs to increase the annual number of patients diagnosed (from 90 in 2019 to 250 per year in 2022–2024 [WHO], or 500 per year in 2022–2025 [SHS]) and treated (from 130 in 2019 to 340 per year in 2022–2024 [WHO] or 670 per year in 2022–2025 [SHS]).

Conclusions

The SHS goals and the WHO targets for HCV elimination can be achieved in the Swiss canton of Bern by 2030; however, not at the current pace of screening, linkage to care and treatment.
Efficacy of triple dose albendazole treatment for soil-transmitted helminth infections
Authors: Tee Mian Zi , Lee Soo Ching , Er Yi Xian , Yap Nan Jiun , Ngui Romano , Easton Alice V. , Siow Vinnie Wei Yin , Ng Kee Seong , Boey Christopher Chiong Meng , Chua Kek Heng , Cadwell Ken , Loke P’ng , Lim Yvonne Ai Lian
Published: August 2022

In Malaysia, soil-transmitted helminth (STH) infections still persist among indigenous communities. In the past, local studies have focused mostly on epidemiologic aspects of STH infections with a scarcity of information on the efficacy of deworming treatment. The present study consisted of 2 phases: a cross-sectional phase on current epidemiological status and risk factors of STH infections and a longitudinal study over 6 weeks on triple dose albendazole efficacy against STH infections. A total of 253 participants were recruited at baseline and a pre-tested questionnaire was administered to obtain information on socio-demographics, environmental and behavioural risk factors. Stool samples were evaluated using a modified Kato-Katz technique. Cure rate (CR) and egg reduction rate (ERR) were assessed at 3 weeks following a 3-day course of 400mg albendazole treatment and infection status were observed again at 6 weeks. Baseline positivity of trichuriasis, ascariasis and hookworm infections were 56.1%, 11.9% and 20.2%, respectively. Multivariate analysis showed age below 18 years old (P = 0.004), without latrine in house (P = 0.042) and indiscriminate defecation (P = 0.032) were associated with STH infections. In the longitudinal study (N = 89), CR for trichuriasis was 64.6%, while CR of 100% was observed for both ascariasis and hookworm. ERR was above 90% for all three STH species. A rapid increased of Trichuris trichiura egg output was observed at 6 weeks. In conclusion, STH infections are highly prevalent among indigenous communities. Children and teenagers, poor sanitation and hygiene behaviour were determinants for STH infections. Triple dose albendazole is found to be efficacious against Ascaris lumbricoides and hookworm infections but has moderate curative effect with high ERR against T. trichiura. Although triple dose albendazole regimen has logistic challenges and may not be a routine option, consideration of this treatment regime may still be necessary in selective communities to reduce high intensity of T. trichiura infection.
Time to recovery from severe acute malnutrition and its predictors among children aged 6–59 months at Asosa general hospital, Northwest Ethiopia. A retrospective follow up study
Authors: Bizuneh Fassikaw Kebede , Tolossa Tadesse , Bekonjo Nemera Eticha , Wakuma Bizuneh
Published: August 2022

Background

Severe Acute Malnutrition (SAM) has become a major public health challenge in developing countries including Ethiopia, especially among the underprivileged population. Ethiopia is among the developing countries with the highest burden of acute malnutrition among under-five children. Though, plenty of studies were done on the magnitude of acute malnutrition among under-five children in Ethiopia, there is a limited evidence on time to recovery from SAM and its predictors among children aged 6–59 months in Ethiopia, particularly in the study area.

Objectives

The study was aimed to assess the time to recovery from SAM and its predictors among children aged 6–59 months at Asosa general hospital (AGH), Benishangul Gumuz, Ethiopia.

Methods

A Five years retrospective follow-up study design was employed among 454 children admitted with SAM in AGH from January 2015 to December 2019. The data were extracted from the patient medical records using checklist. The data were coded and entered into Epi-Data 3.1; then exported to STATA/SE-14 for analysis. Proportional Cox regression was performed to identify predictors of recovery time. A proportional hazard assumption was checked. Variables with AHR at 95% CI and P-value less than 0.05 in the multivariable Cox proportional regression was considered as significant predictors of recovery time.

Findings

Among the 454 included records of children with SAM, 65.4% (95%CI: 50.1, 69.2) of them were recovered at the end of the follow-up with a median recovery time of 15 IQR(11–18)days. The incidence rate of recovery was 5.28 per 100 child days’ observations. Being HIV Negative (AHR = 2.19: 95% CI 1.28, 3.73), Marasmic (AHR = 1.69: 95% CI 1.18, 2.42), and marasmic-kwashiorkor child (AHR = 1.60: 95% CI (1.09, 2.37) independently predicted recovery time.

Conclusions

Though the time to recovery from severe acute malnutrition was in the acceptable range, the proportion of recovery was found to be low in the study area compared to sphere standard. The prognosis of children with severe acute malnutrition was determined by the HIV status of the child and the type of malnutrition experienced. Further strengthening of malnutrition therapeutic centers and routine checkup of the nutritional status of HIV positive children should be emphasized to reduce child mortality and morbidity from under-nutrition.
(Un)Curating COVID: Lessons from Corona in the City
Authors: Schavemaker Margriet , Schoutens Esmee , Stol Rowan
Published: August 2022

Shortly after the first lockdown in response to the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020, the Amsterdam Museum launched the online exhibition Corona in the City. The multimedia platform, which invites inhabitants of the city of Amsterdam to contribute their own stories, aims to collect the pandemic as it is experienced. The authors look back on the trajectory of the platform during its first year and observe how, through a combination of curating and ‘uncurating’ the content, the museum demonstrates a broader change in its policy towards collecting and storytelling. We reflect on ways in which the platform has and will change according to how the pandemic unfolds, and propose that it can serve as a pilot for more democratic, co-created institutions in the future.
Existence of ground state solutions for critical fractional Choquard equations involving periodic magnetic field
Authors: Jin Zhen-Feng , Sun Hong-Rui , Zhang Jianjun
Published: August 2022

In this paper, we consider the following critical fractional magnetic Choquard equation:

ε

2
s

(

−
Δ

)

A
∕
ε

s

u
+
V

(

x

)

u

=

ε

α
−
N

∫

R

N

∣
u

(

y

)

∣

2

s
,
α

∗

∣
x
−
y

∣

α

d
y

∣
u

∣

2

s
,
α

∗

−
2

u

+

ε

α
−
N

∫

R

N

F

(

y
,
∣
u

(

y

)

∣

2

)

∣
x
−
y

∣

α

d
y

f

(

x
,
∣
u

∣

2

)

u

in

R

N

,

\begin{array}{rcl}{\varepsilon }^{2s}{\left(-\Delta )}_{A/\varepsilon }^{s}u+V\left(x)u& =& {\varepsilon }^{\alpha -N}\left(\mathop{\displaystyle \int }\limits_{{{\mathbb{R}}}^{N}}\frac{| u(y){| }^{{2}_{s,\alpha }^{\ast }}}{| x-y\hspace{-0.25em}{| }^{\alpha }}{\rm{d}}y\right)| u\hspace{-0.25em}{| }^{{2}_{s,\alpha }^{\ast }-2}u\\ & & +{\varepsilon }^{\alpha -N}\left(\mathop{\displaystyle \int }\limits_{{{\mathbb{R}}}^{N}}\frac{F(y,| u(y){| }^{2})}{| x-y\hspace{-0.25em}{| }^{\alpha }}{\rm{d}}y\right)\hspace{0.08em}f\left(x,| u\hspace{-0.25em}{| }^{2})u\hspace{1em}{\rm{in}}\hspace{0.33em}{{\mathbb{R}}}^{N},\end{array}

where

ε
>
0

\varepsilon \gt 0

,

s
∈

(

0
,
1

)

s\in \left(0,1)

,

α
∈

(

0
,
N

)

\alpha \in \left(0,N)

,

N
>
max

{

2
μ
+
4
s
,
2
s
+
α
∕
2

}

N\gt {\rm{\max }}\left\{2\mu +4s,2s+\alpha /2\right\}

,

2

s
,
α

∗

=

2
N
−
α

N
−
2
s

{2}_{s,\alpha }^{\ast }=\frac{2N-\alpha }{N-2s}

is the upper critical exponent in the sense of Hardy-Littlewood-Sobolev inequality,

(

−
Δ

)

A

s

{\left(-\Delta )}_{A}^{s}

stands for the fractional Laplacian with periodic magnetic field

A

A

of

C

0
,
μ

{C}^{0,\mu }

-class with

μ
∈

(

0
,
1

]

\mu \in (0,1]

and

V

V

is a continuous potential and allows to be sign-changing. Under some mild assumptions imposed on

V

V

and

f

f

, we establish the existence of at least one ground state solution.
Mechanical properties of sustainable reactive powder concrete made with low cement content and high amount of fly ash and silica fume
Authors: Nasr Mohammed Salah , Hasan Zaid Ali , Jaaz Hussein Abad Gazi , Abed Mohammed Kareem , Falah Mayadah W. , Hashim Tameem Mohammed
Published: August 2022

Reactive powder concrete (RPC) is one of the distinctive kinds of concrete whose benefits are high mechanical performance and durability. It contains a high content of cement, which means a high amount of carbon dioxide emitted during manufacturing. Scientists have tended to search for a way to reduce environmental damage, and one solution is to partially replace cement with mineral admixtures, waste from other industries, or by-products. There are restricted studies involving the use of high content of compounding mineral admixtures in the making of RPC. Therefore, this research aims to produce sustainable RPC with a low cement content (50%). The main objective of this research is to study the impact of substituting cement with 50% of silica fume (SF) + fly ash (FA) on the mechanical characteristics of RPC. Three mixtures containing various percentages of SF + FA were poured, in addition to the reference mixture. Flowability, flexural and compressive strengths, ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV), and density were examined. The results showed that a sustainable RPC can be produced by substituting the cement with 10% SF and 40% FA with an improvement in workability and compressive strength and an insignificant reduction in other properties.
Evaluation and integral analysis of ADS and CMT failures during AP1000 SBLOCA with ASYST VER 3 simulation code
Authors: Osman Omer Elsiddig , Badawi Alya A. , Elshahat Ayah
Published: August 2022

This research focuses on verifying the importance of the ADS and the CMT, by using the ASYST code. We evaluated the role of these two components by postulating the failure of the ADS as a single failure approach and the failure of the CMT with ADS failure as multiple failures approach during hypothetical SBLOCA conditions. These accidents acted as confounding factors distorting the AP1000 PSS. We investigated the reactor and safety system behavior during the SBLOCA. We evaluated the importance and effectiveness of two components in reducing and mitigating the consequences of the accident. We checked the effectiveness of these components by comparing the importunity-related issues with and without these components during the accidents. We found that the ADS decreased the pressure, allowing natural circulation to quench the reactor core during the LOCA. During the failure of ADS, the vapor bubbles formed in the reactor vessel covering the fuel rods increased their temperature. The CMT borated water feeding quenched the actinides decay heat. The non-existence of the CMT resulted in decreasing the RCS. ASYST was compared to NOTRUMP to validate it capability to analyze thermal phenomena during accidents. It was found that in the AP1000, the ADS and CMT were considered as the overall importunity of the others PSS.
Synthesis, crystal structure, and properties of three lead(II) complexes based on the 1,10-phenanthroline ligand
Authors: Li De-Jun , Tang Shi-Li , Ma Feng-Jie , Zhang Lu-Lin , Cheng Yuan-Zheng , Zhang Li-Ping
Published: August 2022

Three new lead(II) complexes containing the 1,10-phenanthroline ligand, [Pb(phen)2(3,5-DNB)2] (1), [Pb(phen)2(3,5-DNB)(NO3)]2·H2O (2), and [Pb(phen)(HCOO)(NO3)(H2O)]
n
(3) (phen = 1,10-phenanthroline, 3,5-DNB = 3,5-dinitrobenzoate anion) have been synthesized and characterized by elemental analyses, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermogravimetric analyses (TGA), and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The complexes 1 and 2 are monomeric species, whereas complex 3 is a one-dimensional polymer. In the three complexes, the ligand phen creates a number of π···π stacking interactions and hydrogen bonds, which play an important role in extending complexes 1–3 to supramolecular architectures. The Pb(II) ion of complexes 1 and 2 shows hemidirected geometry with noncovalent Pb···O/C tetrel bonds formed which further stabilize the supramolecular structures.
Desaparición forzada y estigmatización comunitaria: movilización y solidaridad alrededor del caso Ayotzinapa (2014–2019)
Authors: Argüello Cabrera Libertad
Published: August 2022

Este artículo analiza procesos de movilización social y otras respuestas comunitarias ocurridas entre 2014 y 2019 frente a la desaparición de los cuarenta y tres normalistas de Ayotzinapa en Atoyac de Álvarez (Guerrero), un municipio marcado por desapariciones forzadas durante los años setenta y lugar de origen de cuatro normalistas desaparecidos. El artículo se apoya en la literatura sobre reestructuraciones comunitarias producto de violencias extremas y las consecuencias de la desaparición sobre las subjetividades. Desde esta perspectiva, adopto un enfoque microsociológico e histórico para analizar la solidaridad comunitaria alrededor de familiares de los cuatro normalistas de este municipio desaparecidos en 2014. Argumento que las desapariciones pasadas conllevan efectos comunitarios transgeneracionales como la estigmatización del parentesco y configuran criterios de filiación que condicionan la capacidad de movilización frente a nuevas desapariciones. El estudio aporta nuevos elementos a este campo de estudio en un país que actualmente tiene aproximadamente cien mil personas desaparecidas.
Adat Court in Indonesia’s Judiciary System: A Socio-Legal Inquiry
Authors: Wiratraman Herlambang P.
Published: August 2022

This article addresses the question of how the constitution drafters considered the existence of a plural legal system in Indonesia, especially the adat judicial system. There are several sociological arguments for constitutional pluralism, empirical and normative claims, and the necessity of formalizing adat court. Constitutional pluralism identifies the phenomenon of a plurality of constitutional sources and claims of final authority which create a context for potential constitutional conflicts that are not hierarchically regulated. Hence, this article argues that ‘constitutionalizing’ does not mean ‘formalization’, or even ‘structuring the adat court under the state formal judicial system’. This should be critically assessed not merely on recognition, but also on protection, especially to exercise fundamental values of social significance. It considers the concepts of ‘self-recognition based adat court’ and ‘regional recognition based adat court’ as important in defending universal values to respect and protect the rights of the people, including their traditional systems. By doing so, this article aims to contribute to the studies on the importance of the plural legal system in plural societies like Indonesia.
Correlating Sense Components in Memes and Demotivators About Mass Self-Isolation: Types of Semantic Relations
Authors:   Pyatigorsk State University, Latu Maxim
Published: August 2022

The article is devoted to the study of semantic components correlation in the content of Russian memes and demotivators about mass self-isolation during the COVID-19 pandemic. The sampling consisted of 1,500 Russian memes and demotivators. The application of a network approach to the analysis of the sense structure of verbal-visual polycode texts has enabled the author to identify the cases of specific semantic components correlation, and describe the types of their semantic relations, including localization, identity, attribution, temporal correlation, opposition, cause-and-effect, subject, object and instrument. The research highlights the fact that the correlation of semantic components by means of a certain type of semantic relations can reflect both objective information, certain trends and patterns observed in society, and subjective ideas about mass self-isolation. The examples of comic effect emergence are described. The cases when the correlation between semantic components is expressed verbally (both semantic components are represented in the verbal part of the polycode text), non-verbally (both semantic components are represented in the iconic part of the polycode text), synsemantically (one of the correlating semantic components is expressed verbally, and the other is depicted iconically) are analyzed. It has been noted that representation form mainly depends on the specificity of the correlated semantic components in the polycode text, and the author's individual preferences. Explicitly and implicitly expressed links between certain semantic components in the analyzed polycode texts devoted to mass self-isolation are considered. The correlation of certain semantic components of polycode texts reveals the peculiarities of perception and understanding of various aspects of this phenomenon.
Network Discourse on British Prime Minister Boris Johnson: Positive vs Negative Sentiments on Twitter
Authors:   Kuban State University, Katermina Veronika , Gnedash Anna ,   Kuban State University
Published: August 2022

The article solves the problem of identifying markers of positive or negative sentiment in the network discourse that is formed in social networks in relation to a particular politician. The theoretical and methodological foundations of the study were the basics of network linguistics, the network approach, Big Data. To conduct an empirical study using the method of continuous sampling for the keyword "Boris Johnson", data from the social network Twitter was uploaded from May 15 to July 15, 2021 through the Twitter API service. The received dataset amounted to 1 million 900 thousand messages which were divided into a dataset of messages with a positive sentiment and a dataset of messages with a negative sentiment. In each dataset, frequently used fragments are identified and subjected to linguistic discursive analysis. As a result of their analysis, markers of the positive and negative sentiment of the online discourse that is emerging in the Internet space in relation to British Prime Minister Boris Johnson have been identified. They reflect public opinion, the level of trust in a politician, the pole of evaluation of his activities. Considering such markers when developing strategies for working with public opinion will allow changes in the image and reputational potential of public figures and organizations both online and offline.