bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Percepções locais sobre transformações ambientais na região do Oiapoque: reflexões a partir da experiência de formação de pesquisadores indígenas
Authors: Scaramuzzi Igor Alexandre Badolato , Lewkowicz Rita Becker , Mazurek Rosélis Remor de Souza , Benvegnú Vinícius Cosmos
Published: August 2023

Resumo Este artigo discute a experiência de um curso de formação e pesquisa sobre conhecimentos indígenas associados aos ciclos ambientais sazonais e às percepções locais sobre alterações desses padrões, observadas nos últimos anos nas Terras Indígenas do Oiapoque, estado do Amapá, na Amazônia oriental. Ele se propõe a descrever e analisar as explicações indígenas para as transformações ambientais observadas, em diálogo com saberes científicos não indígenas que associam tais fenômenos a processos de mudanças climáticas em curso na escala global. A partir da atuação dos autores como pesquisadores, professores e orientadores dos pesquisadores indígenas nas atividades do curso, foi feito um exercício etnográfico com reflexões sobre a pesquisa, o processo de formação e alguns de seus resultados. Buscou-se promover o diálogo com outras pesquisas antropológicas que também abordam o tema das mudanças climáticas e os saberes tradicionais, assinalando algumas contribuições dos pesquisadores indígenas do Oiapoque nesse debate.
FATORES ASSOCIADOS À AUTOAVALIAÇÃO DA SAÚDE NEGATIVA DE MULHERES DE MEIA-IDADE
Authors: Barroso Bárbara Maria Antunes , Reiners Annelita Almeida Oliveira , Falcão Vitória Regina Almeida Lobo , Azevedo Rosemeiry Capriata de Souza , Agulho Daniela Luzia Zagoto , Mazza Tiago Rebouças , Lima Ana Carolina Myssen de Souza
Published: August 2023

RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar os fatores associados à autoavaliação da saúde negativa de mulheres de meia-idade atendidas em um ambulatório de climatério. Metodo: Estudo transversal, analítico, desenvolvido com 116 mulheres atendidas no período entre março de 2015 e março de 2020 no ambulatório de climatério de um hospital universitário de Cuiabá-MT. Os dados foram coletados, por meio de entrevista por telefone, no período de outubro de 2020 a janeiro de 2021, utilizando-se questionário contendo perguntas sobre dados sociodemográficos, de saúde e psicossociais. A autoavaliação da saúde foi verificada perguntando como elas avaliavam sua saúde. A medida de associação utilizada foi a razão de prevalência e intervalos de confiança de 95% (IC 95%). Na análise multivariada utilizou-se a regressão múltipla de Poisson. Resultados: A maioria das mulheres de meia-idade deste estudo (54,3%) apresenta autoavaliação da saúde negativa. O fator que apresentou associação ao desfecho foi sintomas da menopausa (p< 0,001), identificado na categoria de sintomas severos da menopausa RP= 2,95 (IC 95% 1,4- 6,3). Conclusão: A maior prevalência de autoavaliação da saúde negativa das mulheres deste estudo, provavelmente, tem relação com a fase da vida em que estão vivenciando. Os sintomas da menopausa têm associação com a percepção de saúde das mulheres pelos seus desconfortos e consequente impacto em suas vidas.
Vacinação contra covid-19 em pessoas idosas: informações veiculadas pela mídia jornalística
Authors: Vasconcelos Emília Carolina Félix Rosas de , Silva Kelaine Pereira Aprigio , Bezerra Milena Silva , Inácio Izabelly Ohana de Morais , Silva Mirella Maria Costa e , Silva Susanne Pinheiro Costa e
Published: August 2023

Resumo Objetivo Avaliar o conteúdo midiático produzido acerca da vacinação contra a covid-19 direcionada à pessoa idosa no Brasil. Método Trata-se de uma pesquisa documental a partir da análise de 19 matérias veiculadas pelos jornais Estadão, Folha de S. Paulo, O Globo e GAÚCHAZH, publicadas entre dezembro de 2020 e setembro de 2021. Os dados foram submetidos ao Resultados O corpus originou cinco classes temáticas. Nestas, verifica-se a difusão das informações sobre a vacinação contra a covid-19 para idosos como uma medida necessária à saúde dessa população, o que justifica a intensa veiculação de notícias acerca da campanha vacinal. As matérias evidenciaram a organização das políticas de imunização, bem como os benefícios da mesma para o referido público, sobretudo àqueles que se encontravam institucionalizados. Além disso, a vacina emergiu como protagonista na luta para conter a disseminação do coronavírus, aumentando a proteção dos residentes das instituições de longa permanência para idosos e, inegavelmente, diminuindo a mortalidade dos mais velhos. Conclusão Os achados salientam a indispensabilidade de fomentar políticas para promoção da saúde pelos meios de comunicação mais diversos, permitindo o acesso a informações em saúde por todos os públicos e reforçando a urgência de práticas coletivas de cuidado ofertadas às pessoas idosas, incluindo àquelas residentes em instituições.
Associations between anxiety and functional disability in older adults: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Costa Patrício de Almeida , Barbosa Maria Paula Ramalho , Buriti Eduarda Layane da Silva , Andrade Lidiane Lima de , Carvalho Mariana Albernaz Pinheiro de , Nogueira Matheus Figueiredo
Published: August 2023

Abstract Objective to estimate the prevalence of anxiety in older adults and its association with different levels of functional disability in a small town in the state of Paraiba, Brazil. Method a cross-sectional analytical study was carried out of 233 randomly-selected older users of the Family Health Strategy program. Data were collected using the World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule 2.0 and the Geriatric Anxiety Inventory. Results were analyzed using descriptive and bivariate statistics adopting a significance level of p < 0.05. Results Overall, 48.1% of the participants had some degree of selfreported anxiety, with significantly higher levels among women (mean rank = 128.11; p = 0.002). An association was also found between severe anxiety level and severe disability level (p < 0.001). Conclusion the high prevalence of different degrees of geriatric anxiety and its association with severe functional disability indicates the coexistence of psychoemotional and motor alterations. These findings suggest the need to break the chain of underdiagnosis and strengthen the implementation of specialized interventions in the field of gerontology and geriatrics.
Description and phylogenetic position of a new species of Rhyacoglanis (Siluriformes: Pseudopimelodidae) from the Jamanxim River basin
Authors: Crispim-Rodrigues Jefferson Luan , Silva Gabriel de Souza da Costa e , Shibatta Oscar Akio , Kuranaka Mariana , Oliveira Claudio
Published: August 2023

Abstract In this study, a new species of Rhyacoglanis is described from the Jamanxim River basin, Tapajós River basin. The new species differs from congeners based on the combination of the following diagnostic characters: two oblique dark bands formed by an agglomerate of melanophores on the predorsal region; dorsal confluence between the dark subdorsal and subadipose bands in large juveniles and adults; ventral confluence between the dark subadipose and caudal peduncle bands; body without conspicuous dark brown spots; complete dark band on caudal peduncle; body with three dark bands; a thin dark caudal-fin band; pectoral-fin spine with anterior serrae distributed along the entire margin; the posterior tip of the post-cleithral process reaching vertical through the base of the dorsal-fin spine; and hypural 5 free of hypural 3 and 4 and pointed caudal-fin lobes. Additionally, our molecular phylogenetic results using ultraconserved elements (UCEs) corroborate the new species as Rhyacoglanis and sister to an undescribed species of Rhyacoglanis from the Xingu River basin. Moreover, as pointed out in previous studies, we confirm Cruciglanis as a sister group to Pseudopimelodus plus Rhyacoglanis.
TRANSLATION AND/AS SOFT POWER: LATIN AMERICAN LITERATURE IN THE U.S. DURING THE COLD WAR*
Authors: COHN DEBORAH
Published: August 2023

Abstract This essay explores the growth of the field of Latin American literature in translation in the U.S. from the second World War through the 1970s. In particular, I focus on how private actors such as publishers, translators, and philanthropic organizations strategically pushed to translate literature from the region as a mode of book diplomacy, whereby publications are subsidized, translated, and disseminated as means of establishing goodwill with their authors and advocates, and, ultimately, with their Latin American compatriots. I begin by examining publisher Alfred A. Knopf's efforts to translate Latin American literature, while also exploring the translation and cultural diplomacy efforts of Harriet de Onís, Knopf's main translator for Spanish and Portuguese from 1950 through the late 1960s. Subsequently, I discuss two translation subsidy programs from the 1960s and 1970s that were founded by different Rockefeller philanthropies with an eye towards casting the U.S. and the democratic system in a positive light for Latin American writers at a time when revolutionary fervor and anti-Americanism were running high in the region. In each case, Brazilian literature and authors-including, of course, Machado de Assis-play a prominent role. I end with a brief discussion of how the move to translate Machado de Assis into English in the U.S. in the early 1950s fits into this broader panorama-or doesn't.
MEMÓRIAS PÓSTUMAS DE BRÁS CUBAS EM TRADUÇÃO: UM PASSEIO POR TRÊS CAPÍTULOS
Authors: THOMSON-DEVEAUX FLORA
Published: August 2023

Resumo A tradução de qualquer obra literária, muito mais do que uma transposição linguística, acaba revelando muito sobre a construção e o funcionamento do texto. O presente trabalho mergulha nos bastidores do processo de tradução de Memórias póstumas de Brás Cubas para o inglês, a fim de examinar os desafios e os nós apresentados por elementos de três capítulos sorteados.
THE RECORD OF MACHADO DE ASSIS'S WORKS PUBLISHED IN ENGLISH (1950-1960)
Authors: GUIMARÃES HÉLIO DE SEIXAS
Published: August 2023

Abstract This article explores the first translations of novels by Machado de Assis into English, published in the 1950s and 1960s, understanding them as a complex process that, beyond the drive and dedication of translators and editors, involved political and geopolitical issues associated with the relations between the United States and Latin American countries during and after World War II.
Business and Human Rights: a Tense, Mined and Contested Field
Authors: Oliveira Cintia Rodrigues de , Silveira Rafael Alcadipani da
Published: August 2023

Abstract This essay aims to critically analyze the recent field of studies known as Business and Human Rights, which addresses the negative impacts of human rights violations at the corporate level, covering theoretical discussions, principles, guidelines, standards, and regulations. We developed the essay focusing on three key topics: the business activities of transnational corporations negatively impact human rights all around the world; the initiatives created in order to address the impacts of business over human rights are discursive and, therefore, distant from the practices; companies and corporations make various attempts to abstain from their responsibility, even if they make symbolic and material reparations. For this, we illustrate the abstention from corporate responsibility through the human rights violations in the case of João Alberto de Freitas’ murder committed by Carrefour security guards in the parking lot of one of its stores in Porto Alegre, in 2020. Throughout the text, we argue that this field reveals the tensions between business and respect for human rights, understanding that this involves a minefield susceptible to being contested. Our contribution lies in indicating paths for the heavier involvement of researchers from the field of management with the real problems that challenge societies, such as human rights violations at the organizational level.
Negócios e Direitos Humanos: um Terreno Tenso, Minado e Contestado
Authors: Oliveira Cintia Rodrigues de , Silveira Rafael Alcadipani da
Published: August 2023

Resumo O objetivo deste ensaio é analisar, criticamente, o recente campo de estudos denominado Negócios e Direitos Humanos ( Business and Human Rights ), que aborda os impactos negativos das violações de direitos humanos no âmbito corporativo, abrigando discussões teóricas, princípios, diretrizes, normativas e regulamentações. Desenvolvemos o ensaio concentrando-nos em três temas centrais: as atividades de negócios das corporações transnacionais impactam negativamente os direitos humanos em todo o mundo; as iniciativas criadas no sentido de abordar o impacto dos negócios sobre os direitos humanos são discursivas e, portanto, distantes das práticas; empresas e corporações utilizam-se de várias tentativas para a abstenção da responsabilidade, ainda que façam reparações simbólicas e materiais. Para isso, ilustramos com a abstenção da responsabilidade corporativa pelas violações de direitos humanos no caso do assassinato de João Alberto de Freitas cometido por seguranças do Carrefour no estacionamento de uma de suas lojas em Porto Alegre, no ano de 2020. Ao longo do texto, argumentamos que este campo revela as tensões entre negócios e respeito aos direitos humanos, entendendo que se trata de um campo minado e passível de ser contestado. Nossa contribuição reside em apontar caminhos para um envolvimento mais potente dos pesquisadores do campo da gestão, com os problemas reais que desafiam as sociedades, como as violações de direitos humanos no âmbito das organizações.
Del subsidio al barrio y del barrio al subsidio: análisis de la demolición de viviendas sociales en Chile
Authors: Fuster-Farfán Xenia
Published: August 2023

Resumen La política de vivienda social en Chile ha traído consigo efectos adversos a los esperados. Entre ellos, la producción masiva de territorios donde se concentra la pobreza. Para hacer frente a esta problemática, los gobiernos han desplegado medidas que buscan subvertir dichos efectos. Esto ha sido considerado un vuelco cualitativo en la política, en contraste con la producción masiva de vivienda. Una de estas medidas reparatorias es la identificación de barrios vulnerables, que han sido objeto de una innovadora intervención urbana y social. Dentro de la categoría de barrios vulnerables surgen los barrios críticos, donde se ha desplegado un excepcional proceso de demolición, desplazamiento y reconstrucción de vivienda social. Conceptualmente, estos mecanismos son explicados por fenómenos como el efecto-barrio y la búsqueda de construir trayectorias residenciales ascendentes. A través de un estudio de caso, primordialmente cualitativo, se describe y analiza este proceso. Los resultados muestran los fundamentos políticos y discursivos de la demolición, la experiencia del desplazamiento y las percepciones en torno a la construcción de un nuevo conjunto de vivienda. Se concluye que se trata de una intervención radical en términos físicos y espaciales, pero no aborda las problemáticas sociales que que estuvieron al origen de la intervención de la intervención.
Planeamiento y crecimiento urbano en la ciudad de San Carlos de Bariloche (2001-2019)
Authors: Guevara Tomás , Wallace Julieta
Published: August 2023

Resumen En las últimas décadas se reformuló el rol de los gobiernos locales: mayores responsabilidades y menores recursos determinaron el recrudecimiento de la competencia interurbana por la captación de inversiones. Este desfasaje es más notorio en ciudades del sur global. Las ciudades intermedias, en especial de perfil turístico, vieron incorporarse porciones acotadas pero relevantes de su territorio a los flujos de inversión global en actividades vinculadas al desarrollo inmobiliario, el turismo y los servicios. En este marco, las tensiones inherentes al proceso de planeamiento urbano se profundizan y quedan en evidencia las limitaciones de los gobiernos locales para regular eficazmente la dinámica urbana y habitacional. El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar la política de planeamiento en San Carlos de Bariloche vis a vis el crecimiento urbano en el período de la poscrisis de 2001. La metodología utilizada es cualitativa, basada en el análisis documental y estadísticas. Se concluye que en el período de estudio tuvo vigencia una política de planeamiento urbano por sectores y excepciones, que tendió a profundizar la fragmentación del territorio. El trabajo realiza una contribución a la comprensión del rol de los gobiernos locales de ciudades intermedias de perfil turístico en la regulación del crecimiento urbano.
Efeitos do treinamento da língua: revisão sistemática com metanálise
Authors: Fonseca Nathalya de Faria , Motta Andréa Rodrigues , Freitas Fernanda Campos de , Nonato Mariana Rezende , Francelino Elton Mendes , Furlan Renata Maria Moreira Moraes
Published: August 2023

RESUMO Objetivo Avaliar a eficácia de exercícios mioterápicos no aumento da pressão e da força lingual. Buscou-se, de forma secundária, analisar quais os tipos de exercícios utilizados, os parâmetros de treinamento e os resultados funcionais obtidos. Estratégia de pesquisa Revisão sistemática da literatura guiada conforme as diretrizes do protocolo Prisma. Critérios de seleção Foram incluídos ensaios clínicos que avaliaram efeitos do treinamento muscular da língua, sem limite quanto ao idioma ou ano de publicação. Análise dos dados Incluiu as etapas de eliminação de artigos duplicados; leitura de resumos e exclusão de estudos que não contemplaram os critérios de elegibilidade; leitura na íntegra dos artigos selecionados com extração de informações importantes, reunidas em tabela; e metanálise, realizada por meio do método do inverso da variância. A avaliação da qualidade metodológica dos estudos foi realizada pela ferramenta do Joanna Briggs Institute. A qualidade da evidência foi avaliada pelo Sistema Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation. Resultados A metanálise indicou aumento significativo da pressão máxima anterior e posterior como efeito do treinamento. O exercício mais utilizado foi pressão de língua contra o palato, mas os parâmetros de treinamento variaram entre estudos, não sendo possível afirmar que exercícios isolados promovem melhora funcional. A qualidade da evidência foi considerada baixa. Conclusão Os exercícios mioterápicos promovem o aumento da pressão anterior e posterior da língua de indivíduos adultos, porém a qualidade dessa evidência é baixa. Há variabilidade quanto aos tipos de exercícios utilizados e parâmetros de treinamento. Não é possível afirmar que os exercícios promovem melhora funcional.
Risk of dysphonia and voice quality in performing arts students
Authors: Ferrari Eloisa Pinheiro , Simões-Zenari Marcia , Master Suely , Nemr Katia
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT Purpose To analyse the relationship between the risk of dysphonia and vocal quality in undergraduate performing arts students. Methods Observational cross-sectional study with 38 undergraduate students in Performing Arts. We applied screening protocols for general and specific risk of dysphonia for actors and made recordings of sustained emission of the vowel /a/, spontaneous speech and reading a text, used for perceptual analysis performed by three evaluators using the GRBASI scale. After intra and inter-rater reliability tests it was obtained final classification of the general degree of vocal deviation parameter for each participant. Comparisons were made considering groups that had or did not have other profession/activity with the use of voice, and the groups were formed from the general grade. Results Most students were at high risk for dysphonia. All had vocal alteration, with a predominance of mild degree. Students who had another profession/activity with voice use scored higher in the specific protocol for actors, and in the sum of this protocol with the general screening protocol. There was no relationship between the degree of vocal alteration and the risk of dysphonia. Students who did not yet work professionally had more moderate or severe vocal alterations, and those who did work professionally had a higher frequency of mild vocal alterations. Conclusion Most students were at high risk for dysphonia. All had vocal alteration, with a predominance of mild alteration. There was no relationship between the risk of dysphonia and the degree of vocal alteration.
Risco de disfonia e qualidade vocal em estudantes de artes cênicas
Authors: Ferrari Eloisa Pinheiro , Simões-Zenari Marcia , Master Suely , Nemr Katia
Published: August 2023

RESUMO Objetivo Analisar a relação entre o risco de disfonia e a qualidade vocal em estudantes de graduação em Artes Cênicas. Método Estudo transversal observacional com 38 estudantes de graduação em Artes Cênicas. Foram aplicados protocolos de rastreio de risco de disfonia geral e específico para atores, e realizadas gravações da emissão sustentada da vogal /a/, fala espontânea e leitura de texto, usadas para análise perceptivo-auditiva, efetuada por três avaliadores, com o uso da escala GRBASI. Após testes de confiabilidade intra e interavaliadores chegou-se à classificação final do grau geral do desvio vocal para cada participante. Foram feitas comparações entre grupos que tinham ou não outra profissão/atividade com o uso da voz e os grupos formados a partir do grau geral. Resultados A maioria dos estudantes apresentou alto risco para disfonia. Todos apresentaram alteração vocal, com predominância de grau leve. Os estudantes que tinham outra profissão/atividade com uso da voz obtiveram maior pontuação no protocolo específico para atores, bem como na soma desse protocolo com o de rastreio geral. Não houve relação entre o grau de alteração vocal e o risco de disfonia. Os estudantes que ainda não atuavam profissionalmente apresentaram mais alterações vocais de grau moderado ou severo, e os que atuavam profissionalmente apresentaram com maior frequência alteração vocal de grau leve. Conclusão A maior parte dos estudantes apresentou alto risco para disfonia. Todos apresentaram alteração vocal, com predomínio de grau leve. Não houve relação entre o risco de disfonia e o grau de alteração vocal.
Residências em saúde em hospital universitário: cenário potente de formação para a prática colaborativa interprofissional
Authors: Blanco Vanessa Moreno , Leonello Valéria Marli , Souza Camila Mendes da Silva , Vasconcelos Raíssa Ottes , Agreli Heloíse Fernandes
Published: August 2023

Resumo Este estudo tem por objetivo compreender a experiência de residentes sobre a Prática Colaborativa Interprofissional (PCI) em um hospital universitário (HU) do estado de São Paulo. É uma pesquisa qualitativa realizada por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas com base na Técnica do Incidente Crítico, com 14 residentes de programas de residência uni e multiprofissionais, analisadas pela análise temática de Bardin. O HU mostrou-se potente para efetivação da PCI por proporcionar interações entre profissionais de diferentes áreas e níveis de formação. A qualidade das interações entre trabalhadores, residentes, usuários e família foi determinante para o desenvolvimento da PCI. Foram identificadas barreiras como ausência de estruturação organizacional, sobrecarga dos profissionais, fragilidade na oferta de Educação Permanente relacionada à educação interprofissional e predomínio do modelo biomédico de Atenção à Saúde. As ações colaborativas mediadas pela comunicação informal constituem o dispositivo mais utilizado para os atendimentos compartilhados.
Cuidado fragmentado: resposta da Rede de Cuidados à Pessoa com Deficiência para crianças com Síndrome Congênita do Zika Vírus
Authors: Pereira Carolina Melim Diogo , Mota Paulo Henrique dos Santos , Bousquat Aylene
Published: August 2023

Resumo O objetivo da pesquisa foi analisar a organização e estrutura que a Rede de Cuidados à Pessoa com Deficiência (RCPD) oferece às crianças com Síndrome Congênita do Zika Vírus (SCZV) na Região de Saúde de Salvador (BA). Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa que cotejou Itinerários Terapêuticos, das crianças com SCZV com a percepção, de gestores e profissionais da RCPD, sobre o funcionamento da rede. Ainda que existam concordâncias entre entrevistados, há problemas evidenciados somente pelas cuidadoras. Não existem mecanismos de regulação assistencial definidos entre os serviços da RCPD, levando as cuidadoras a navegarem pelo sistema de forma desgovernada em busca de assistência. A fragmentação do cuidado revelada impede o cuidado continuado e coordenado entre os diferentes serviços de saúde, resultando em intervenções pontuais. A SCZV coloca a proposta de RCPD em xeque, uma vez que há pouca congruência entre as trajetórias percorridas e a política nacional instituída.
Interactive Effects of Selenium, Zinc, and Iron on the Uptake of Selenium in Mycelia of the Culinary-Medicinal Winter Mushroom Flammulina velutipes (Agaricomycetes)
Authors: Ramezannejad Rezvan , Pourianfar Hamid R. , Rezaeian Sharareh
Published: August 2023

The present study for the first time addressed whether the simultaneous presence of selenium, zinc and iron may have effects on the selenium uptake in the mycelia of the winter mushroom (also known as enoki), Flammulina velutipes. Response surface methodology was used to optimize concentrations of selenium, zinc and iron in the range of 0 to 120 mg L-1. The findings showed that application of selenium, zinc and iron (singly, in pairs, or triads) significantly enhanced the selenium accumulation in the mycelia. The highest amount of the selenium accumulation was observed when selenium (60 mg L-1) and zinc (120 mg L-1) were applied into submerged culture media, concurrently, leading to an 85-fold and 88-fold increase in the selenium content of the mycelia compared to that of the mycelia treated with selenium only and untreated mycelia, respectively. In addition, accumulation of selenium into the mycelia had no deteriorative effects on the mycelial biomass. The findings presented in this study may have implications for daily nutrition and industrial bioproduction of mushroom mycelia enriched with selenium.
Anticancer Activity of the Bioactive Extract of the Morel Mushroom (Morchella elata, Ascomycetes) from Kashmir Himalaya (India) and Identification of Major Bioactive Compounds
Authors: Ramya Haridas , Ravikumar Korattuvalappil S. , Ajith Thekkuttparambil A. , Fathimathu Zuhara , Janardhanan Kainoor Krishnankutty
Published: August 2023

Morel mushrooms, Morchella species are highly nutritional, excellently edible and medicinal. Anticancer activity of M. elata, growing in forests of Kashmir Himalaya was studied. Ethyl acetate extract of fruiting bodies of M. elata (MEAE) was evaluated for cytotoxicity by MTT assay using Daltons lymphoma ascites (DLA), human colon cancer (HCT-116) and normal cell lines. Anti-carcinogenic and antiangiogenic activities of MEAE were tested using mouse models. Proapoptotic activity was detected by double staining of acridine orange-ethidium bromide assay. MEAE was partially purified by column chromatography and the bioactive compounds were identified by LC-MS analysis. The bioactive extract of M. elata showed significant cytotoxicic activity against DLA (P < 0.05), HCT-116 cell lines (P < 0.05) and did not possess appreciable adverse effect on the viability of normal cells. At a concentration of 100 μg/mL, 60% cell death was observed in HCT-116 cell line while 80% cell death was found in DLA cell line. The extract also possessed profound anticarcinogenic, antiangiogenic and proapoptotic activities. LC-MS analysis showed celastrol (RT 9.504, C29H38O4, MW 450.27), convallatoxin (RT 9.60, C29H42O10, MW 550.27), cucurbitacin A (RT 11.97, C32H46O9, MW 574.71) and madecassic acid (RT 14.35, C30H48O6, MW 504.70) as the major bioactive components. Current experimental studies indicated that bioactive extract of M. elata possessed significant anticancer activity. Being an excellently edible mushroom, the potential therapeutic use of M. elata and its bioactive extract in complementary therapy of cancer is envisaged.
Representation of three-dimensional unsaturated flow in heterogeneous soil through tractable Gaussian random fields
Authors: Ricketts Evan John , Cleall Peter John , Jefferson Anthony , Kerfriden Pierre , Lyons Paul
Published: August 2023

The representation of the spatial variability of soil properties is required to model non-uniform hydrological flow processes such as fingering and preferential moisture migration, which are prominent in both unsaturated and hydrophobic soils. This paper presents a new method for simulating three-dimensional hydrological flow processes in soil masses in which random fields of soil properties are conveniently generated through the numerical solution of a set of partial differential equations that have the same structure as those used for computing moisture transport. The method uses the Whittle–Matérn autocorrelation function to generate the required correlated Gaussian random field. A new method for representing statistical boundary effects on the degree of moisture infiltration is also presented. The statistical model component is integrated into a finite-element code for moisture transport and applied to the simulation of moisture infiltration and flow within an in situ layer of sandy loam. The transport properties and associated statistical measures employed to generate the random field are those reported in the experimental study. The results from the numerical simulations show that the model represents fingered flow behaviour with good accuracy, with the numerical and experimental infiltration fronts having similar characteristics and infiltration rates.
In vitro screening of crude urease extract from native Australian plants and weeds for bio-cementation of sands
Authors: Rahman Md Mizanur , Ahenkorah Isaac , Karim Md Rajibul , Beecham Simon
Published: August 2023

Urease enzymes from plants are directly utilised in enzyme-induced calcite precipitation (EICP) to catalyse calcium carbonate (CaCO3) precipitation between soil particles to improve their strength and stiffness. EICP does not require microbial culture and may be applicable for finer soils with their smaller size. However, most studies on EICP utilise purified urease enzymes, which are often rare, expensive and limited to food-grade beans or seeds, making the technique less cost-effective. To find alternative and cheaper sources, crude urease extracts from diverse plant species, particularly weeds and Australian native plants, were obtained, identified and characterised using a series of in vitro experiments. All selected plant species contain a considerable amount of urease enzyme, exhibiting different urease activity and calcium carbonate precipitation. EICP treatment by different crude extracts showed different levels of hydraulic conductivity, unconfined compressive strength (UCS), wind and raindrop erosion resistance. However, the crude extract from an Australian weed, matured paddy melon seeds (M-PMS), had the highest specific activity of 8997 U/mg and was further used for EICP treatment of six different soil types. The UCS of treated soils was influenced by the soil types. For similar calcium carbonate content, the strength and stiffness of the EICP-treated specimens were significantly influenced by the confining stress and degree of saturation in undrained triaxial conditions. Also, the mass loss, strength and average calcium carbonate decreased with increasing cycles of wetting–drying, freezing–thawing and elevated temperature. When compared with purified urease enzyme, M-PMS produced comparable strength and durability resistance in the treated samples.
Anhyld þinre heortan eare: Mind as Body in the Sermons of Ælfric
Authors: Ponirakis Eleni
Published: August 2023

By using a metaphor of the mind as body, with eyes, and ears, a throat and voice, Ælfric explains the complexities of an Augustinian understanding of the mind in comparatively simple terms, to lead: ‘those who dwell in cities and towns and villages’ (Cassian 1997: 375) to an understanding of Christ. In Ælfric’s Dominica in Quinquagesima (1997: 260), the mind is endowed with the potential for sight and has a voice: swa hwa swa oncnæwð þa blindnysse his modes Clipige he mid inweardre heortan (he who is aware of his mind’s blindness let him shout out with inward heart). We see here the complexity of this mental structure. Ælfric’s references to the inner mind or heart go beyond a bodily personification and refer to layers of consciousness, where one part of the mind has an awareness that another part does not. This layered mind, conveyed through the metaphor of mind as body, is also to be found in the Alfredian translations and the Old English translation of the Benedictine Rule. This paper will argue that Ælfric employs the image of mind as body to facilitate the teaching of those outside the cloister to understand and therefore control their minds that they may learn to pray employing the essential elements of the monastic way of prayer. In doing this, Ælfric would seem to be offering the hope of achieving, at some level, a mystic union with Christ in a vision of God’s light to those who live beyond the cloister walls.
Roundtable on Advancing multisectoral and life-course approaches in mental health research
Authors:   Academy of Science of South Africa
Published: August 2023

The Academy of Science of South Africa (ASSAf) and the UK Academy of Medical Sciences (AMS) jointly hosted a workshop in November 2022 on Advancing multisectoral and life-course approaches in mental health research and have produced a proceedings report capturing the deliberations and recommendations. The outcomes of the workshop were discussed at the ASSAf/AMS roundtable as part of the SA Mental Health Conference. The need for multisectoral and interdisciplinary approaches to research aimed at improving the mental health and wellbeing of citizens in Africa was highlighted. The Roundtable session provided an important opportunity to network and discuss the research that would best achieve this. The purpose of the Roundtable was to share the findings of the ASSAf/AMS proceedings report (November 2022), to deliberate on the key findings of this report as they pertain to the current state of mental health research in South Africa, to identify challenges, and to determine key stakeholders needed to address these challenges. It also aimed to encourage debate with delegates on practical ways to translate available research findings into action which improve the lives of citizens across the region.
«Между виртуальным и физическим»: контуры цифрового активизма экологических некоммерческих организаций России
Authors: Ермолаева Полина , Башева Ольга , Ермолаева Юлия
Published: August 2023

В статье на материалах полуструктурированных экспертных интервью с представителями российских экологических некоммерческих организаций (экоНКО) производится всесторонний анализ их цифрового активизма. В центре внимания исследовательские вопросы, связанные с цифровыми инструментами и механизмами вовлечения пользователей в цифровой активизм, а также новые возможности и ограничения, который он открывает для экоНКО. Использование подхода Цифровой инвайронментальной гуманитаристики позволило рассмотреть особенности экологических практик активистов в онлайн- и офлайн-­пространствах в их концептуальном единстве, а также осмыслить имеющиеся технические, организационные и прочие цифровые барьеры при (ре)транслировании экологических практик активистов из онлайн- в офлайн-­пространство и обратно. Анализ показал тренд на цифровизацию деятельности экоНКО, при том что четкого разделения исключительно на офлайн и онлайн практики нет, поскольку они дополняют друг друга. Для активистов, руководителей организаций, координаторов проектов не всегда понятно, что такое «цифровой активизм» из-за отсутствия рефлексии об инструментах своей работы. Практически все организации для продвижения своей деятельности используют сайты и социальные сети, мобильные приложения, интерактивные карты общего пользования на основе алгоритмов больших данных. Механизмы вовлечения населения в цифровой активизм довольно разнообразны: от рекламы в социальных сетях, в дружественных онлайн-­сообществах до совместного подписания цифровых петиций. Возможности цифровых форм экологического участия неоднозначны. С одной стороны, происходит изменение парадигмы взаимодействия акторов, при которой они становятся не только потребителями информации, но и ее производителями, соответственно, происходит расширение каналов влияния гражданского общества на процессы принятия решений. С другой стороны, цифровые практики отчуждают пользователей от реальных протестных действий; при этом такая форма участия доступна не всем гражданам, что порождает новые формы цифрового неравенства и социальные дистанции.
Типология активистских объединений здоровья в социальных медиа
Authors: Юдина Дарья
Published: August 2023

Изучение онлайн-­активизма в сфере здоровья нуждается в новых теоретических моделях в силу изменившейся под воздействием цифровизации публичной среды. Благодаря особенностям цифровой коммуникации в социальных медиа, масштабировались и стали более устойчивыми формы объединения граждан, которые ранее проявляли себя на локальном уровне и / или носили эпизодический характер. Одновременно «традиционные» организации, которые представляют интересы разных социальных групп в отношении здоровья, доступа к медицинской помощи и т. д., также заняли свое место в цифровом публичном пространстве. Цель нашего теоретического анализа состояла в создании типологии активистских объединений здоровья, присутствующих в социальных медиа, которая дает возможность их сравнивать между собой и анализировать как акторов публичного пространства. Для ее построения мы использовали ключевые элементы теории социальных движений: условия для коллективного действия, идентичность, типы социальных связей (сильные и слабые) и эмоции. Основываясь на этих переменных, мы описали четыре основных типа онлайн-­сообществ здоровья в зависимости от того, что является их главным объединяющим фактором: формальная структура, экспертиза, политически заряженные эмоции или конкретные люди, нуждающиеся в медицинской помощи. Взяв за основу модель множественных публичных сфер, предложенную Элизабет Бриз, мы разделили эти онлайн-­объединения относительно того, каким потенциальным влиянием они обладают на институциальную среду и социальную группу, интересы которой представляют. Измерения, вдоль которых мы расположили каждый тип активистских онлайн-­сообществ, включили в себя потенциал влияния (политический / гражданский) и наличие / отсутствие оффлайнового представительства в публичной сфере. Последняя дихотомия позволяет учитывать, могут ли активистские объединения напрямую, от своего имени, взаимодействовать с формальными институтами государства. Разработанная типология активистских онлайн-­объединений здоровья повышает качество эмпирических исследований цифрового активизма, а также позволяет включить такие формы социальных движений в нормативный анализ.
Perrotta Hypersexuality Questionnaire (PeHy-Q): Development, regulation and validation of a new psychometric instrument for the diagnosis of hypersexuality
Authors: Giulio Perrotta
Published: August 2023

Introduction: The clinically relevant condition of hypersexuality is to date nebulous in its definition, and although it is understood as a psychological and behavioural alteration as a result of which sexually motivated stimuli are inappropriately sought and often experienced in a way that is not entirely satisfactory, it is unclear whether it is an obsessive disorder or is a trait of a more complex personality disorder or a consequence arising from a medical condition, whether primary or secondary. Methods: Using the Perrotta Hypersexuality Global Spectrum of Gradation (PH-GSS) as a model, the clinical and control population was selected to validate a new psychometric test, then compared with the Sexual Addiction Screening Test (SAST-R, v. 2.0). Results: Statistical analysis showed that the new psychometric test has a well-defined and stable construct (R = 0.975; p = 0.000), the variables are well represented (R = 0.999; p = 0.000) and it is positively correlated with the other constructs already validated (R = 0.951; p = 0.000). Conclusions: Perrotta Hypersexuality Questionnaire (PeHy-Q) is a valid, efficient, and effective psychometric tool to diagnose the clinically relevant condition of hypersexuality to improve the structural and functional framing of the patient and the appropriate therapy to pursue.
Free-floating Mouse Brain Immunohistochemistry v1
Authors: Breiter Jonathan
Published: August 2023

This protocol enables immunohistochemical staining of murine tissue with superior penetration of the tissue by the reagents due to the free-floating approach.
Standard cell-based assays for cytokine release and cellular proliferation of murine CAR T cells. v1
Authors: B Shabaneh Tamer
Published: August 2023

Two standard cell-based assay to assess the function of murine CAR T cells, which we regularly performed at the end of the process of generating those CAR T cells (see "Retroviral transduction of primary murine CD8 T cells").
Evolution of Professional Competencies of a Web Developer
Authors:   Synergy University, Digital Economy Department, Moscow, 129090, Russian Federation, Ratanova O. V. , Rebus N. А. ,   Synergy University, Digital Economy Department, Moscow, 129090, Russian Federation, Vlasenko O. F. ,   SimbirSoft LLC, Ulyanovsk, 432071, Ulyanovsk region, Russian Federation, Lyublinskaya N. N. ,   Synergy University, Digital Economy Department, Moscow, 129090, Russian Federation, Filimonova E. V. ,   Synergy University, Digital Economy Department, Moscow, 129090, Russian Federation, Chanturiya G. T. ,   Synergy University, Digital Economy Department, Moscow, 129090, Russian Federation, Batishchev A. V. ,   Synergy University, Digital Economy Department, Moscow, 129090, Russian Federation
Published: August 2023

The relevance of the article lies in the fact that the activity under consideration — web development as a whole is a popular programming industry. Many companies transfer their business processes to the Internet, and provide users with access to their data, solutions and services. In this regard, there is a shortage of IT specialists of this qualification — web developers. And if we take into account the rather rapid change of technologies, which concerns both programming paradigms and just the release of new versions of software, such as server, programming languages, programming system, frameworks, then methods of professional development of web developers become especially relevant. The purpose of the study is to determine the most effective way to develop a web developer in the company. This includes determining the needs of the company and the skill level of the developer and reducing the difference between these indicators. The task is to determine the method of optimal assessment of the level of qualification, offer points of measurement of this level, and analyze the effectiveness of advanced training. The article raises the problems of effective professional development of employees of web development companies. The way of development of a ready-made specialist is considered, depending on the skill level of the developer, the level of project requirements and updating of the main software. Methods used: empirical research, classification methods. The methods of evaluation and training of employees were analyzed using the example of companies leading web development. The result of the research is a model of web developer competencies, recommendations for assessing the levels of knowledge and skills of employees, recommendations on the level of implementation of new technologies.
Weight Variability and Its Potential Impact on Long-term Weight Change
Authors:   , Stemko Christian John , Lowe Michael R
Published: August 2023

Weight variability (WV) is the term used to describe the small yet consistent variations in weight that occurs over the course of weeks to months in humans. While WV occurs to some degree in all people, the reason behind why some experience higher WV than others remains unknown. This paper serves as a comprehensive review of the current literature on WV, with the main aim of the paper being to determine whether the level of WV that individuals across a wide range of populations experience can have predictive power regarding their long-term weight change, as well as to hypothesize potential factors and reasons as to why some people experience higher WV than others.
Anal Botulinium toxin injection for chronic anal fissure: Efficacy and safety analysis in a retrospective cohort of 224 patients
Authors: DİBEKOĞLU Cengiz
Published: August 2023

Backgorund and Aims: The aim of this retrospective study is to evaluate the relationship between the number of injection sites and healing outcomes in 224 patients with chronic anal fissure who underwent anal Botulinum toxin treatment. Materials and Methods: The medical records of 224 patients who received anal Botulinum toxin treatment for chronic anal fissure were retrospectively analyzed. Patients were categorized into three groups based on the number of injection sites: Group A (two injection sites, n = 34), Group B (three injection sites, n = 109), and Group C (four injection sites, n = 81). Each injection contains 20 IU of Botulinum toxin. Healing outcomes, pain reduction, wound healing, and symptom resolution were evaluated. A comprehensive analysis of patient records and clinical data was performed. Demographic information, treatment details, healing outcomes, and adverse events were assessed. Results: Cox regression analysis revealed a significant association between the number of injection sites and healing outcomes. At all three post-operative time points, patients treated at multiple sites (Group C) reported higher recovery levels compared to patients treated at two sites (Group A). Conclusion: This study demonstrated a significant relationship between the number of injection sites treated with anal Botulinum toxin and healing outcomes in patients with chronic anal fissures. These findings highlight the importance of considering the number of injection sites. The study contributes to the understanding of anal Botulinum toxin treatment for chronic anal fissure, emphasizing its potential to improve patient care and overall quality of life.
The interactive effects of extrinsic and intrinsic motivations on service recovery performance: the mediating role of self-efficacy
Authors:   Faculty of Hospitality and Tourism Management, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China, Zhu Yanni , Wang Yixuan ,   Faculty of Hospitality and Tourism Management, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China, Feng Qiaoyan ,   Faculty of Hospitality and Tourism Management, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China, Lin Huiying ,   Aperture, Capella Sydney, 24 Loftus Street, NSW 2000, Australia, Tang Juan ,   Faculty of Hospitality and Tourism Management, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
Published: August 2023

In recent decades, interest has grown in understanding the mechanisms of service recovery performance (SRP) in the hospitality industry. This study introduces an interactive perspective incorporating both extrinsic and intrinsic factors, investigating the roles of inclusive leadership and job autonomy on employee self-efficacy, with self-efficacy mediating their relationships with SRP. Surface acting is proposed as a negative moderator. A sample of 83 supervisors and 350 frontline employees from 8 Chinese hotels completed questionnaires. Data analysis was conducted using PLS-SEM in Smart PLS 4 and regression analysis in SPSS 25. Results show that inclusive leadership and job autonomy contribute to strong self-efficacy and enhanced SRP. Surface acting moderates the relationship between inclusive leadership and self-efficacy but not between job autonomy and self-efficacy. This cross-sectional survey offers practical implications for hospitality managers, providing guidance on fostering environments that promote self-efficacy and enhance SRP. Limitations include reliance on self-reported measures and a cross-sectional design. Future research could explore other moderators and mediators, different industries, and use longitudinal or experimental designs to establish causality.