bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Implementation of Presumption of Innocent in E-Tilang (Electronic Fine for Traffic Rules Violation)in Padang Panjang District Court
Authors: Fansuri Arif , Danil Elwi , Elvandari Siska
Published: October 2019

The objectives of this present research are: 1) to Know the Implementation of Presumption of Innocent in Law Enforcement towards Traffic Rules Violation before Using Electroning Fine System; 2) to Know the Implementation of Presumption of Innocent in Law Enforcement towards Traffic Rules Violation by Using Electroning Fine System. The approach method used in this research is sociological judicial method. The research results show that: 1. Law enforcement towards traffic rules violation before the prevailing of E-Tilang (Eletronic Fine for Traffic Rules Violation) which refers to Decree of Supreme Court on Traffic Rules prioritizes more on giving protection and guaranteeing the presumption of innocent for traffic rules violators. The regulation and the practice of such law enforcement provide easiness and protection for the traffic rules violators. 2. Law enforcement towards traffic rules violation by using E-Tilang (Eletronic Fine for Traffic Rules Violation) which refers to Decree of Supreme Court on Traffic Rules is weak or not able to accommodate the presumption of innocent as a form of protection to the traffic rules violators. This is caused by the law enforcement by using E-Tilang (Eletronic Fine for Traffic Rules Violation) referring to Decree of Supreme Court on Traffic Rules does not provide space for the traffic rules violators as Justitiabelen because the session for traffic rules violation cannot be conducted. For the betterment of law enforcement in the future, it is better to have review and revision towards Decree of Supreme Court on Traffic Rules.
Pharm D Program Accreditation, the Most Important Step towards Promotion of Pharmacy Education
Authors: Eslami Kaveh
Published: October 2019

This article is an Editoral and does not include an Abstract.
MODERN DIRECTIONS FOR PREVENTION OF DESTRUCTIVE INFLUENCE OF TEACHER PROFESSIONAL DEFORMATION
Authors: V. Stukalova Olga , O. Malaschenko Valery , A. Cornilov Gennadii , V. Sychenkova Anna , B. Kozlova Elena , I. Prokopyev Alexey
Published: October 2019

Purpose: The purpose of the article is to substantiate the modern directions to overcome the influence of the professional deformation of General education teachers. Methodology: The article describes the results of experimental work in the framework of the project aimed at the study of modern approaches to assessing the quality of education and its relationship with the overall educational results. Example of the training course module for teachers’ additional professional education, the purpose of which is the development of modern directions to prevent professional deformation. Result: The possibilities for supporting the positive psycho-emotional state of the teacher, teaching the practices to overcome subjectivity in making evaluation decisions - the interiorization of the teacher deontological code are revealed. Applications: This research can be used for universities, teachers, and students. Novelty/Originality: In this research, the model of the Modern Directions for Prevention of Destructive Influence of Teacher Professional Deformation is presented in a comprehensive and complete manner.
Characteristics of the Sternal Fractures and Associated Injuries: A Three-year Clinical Experience Sternal Fractures and Associated Injuries
Authors: KADİOGLU Emine , YALCİNKAYA Serhat
Published: October 2019

Background Although they constitute a small portion of thoracic trauma, sternal fractures require attention as they may be indicators of major cardiac injuries. The aim of this study is to review the diagnosis, treatment, and outcome of such patients administered to our emergency department. Material and Methods The archive files of the patients administered to the emergency department due to thoracic trauma and diagnosed to have sternal fractures between January 2015 and December 2017 were reviewed for age, gender, type of trauma, type of injury, associated injuries, and clinical outcome. Results There were 27 male, and 6 female patients. The mean age was 48.9 ± 16.50 years (20-79). The most frequent cause was vehicle accident. The sternal fracture was isolated in 13, and associated with other injuries in 20 patients. Eight of the isolated fracture patients and all of the latter were hospitalized. Six of the patients underwent tube thoracostomy, one bilateral. When the length of hospital stay is compared between the two groups, sternal fracture with associated injury patients stayed in the hospital for significantly longer periods.   Conclusion Although isolated sternal fracture is benign in nature and may be treated with basic measures, when associated with other injuries, it becomes more complicated to treat, and the length of hospital stay increases significantly.
A Female Surgeon in The 17th Century: Kupeli Saliha Hatun and an Evaluation of Consent Forms Related to Her Surgeries
Authors: DEMİRSOY Nilufer , SAYLİGİL Omur , TOPAL Mehmet , ÖZDEN Hilmi
Published: October 2019

Objective: As in many
places in the world, surgical practices in the Ottoman
Empire as well were performed not by physicians but surgeons. Even it seems
that medicine and surgery have been dominated by males from their appearance,
the literature shows that the appearances of female physicians and surgeons
date back to old times. In this Study, Based on the knowledge achieved on
Saliha Hatun, lived in the 17th century
and known with the name Kupeli, and on documents available in Uskudar Shari'a
Court Records, consent notes of surgical interventions were evaluated in this
study.

Methods: The consent
documents of Saliha Hatun from Uskudar Shari'a Court Records were examined.The
transcriptions of selected consent documents of Saliha Hatun were translated
into Turkish and assorted. The documents were separately evaluated.

Results: Saliha Hatun was
hazık in surgery and had a superior position among her peers. The consent forms
we examined for the purpose of this study show that there was a female surgeon
practicing in the 17th century, and she was performing surgeries and signing
consent forms with her patients. The majority of patients visited her for the
treatment of hernia.

Conclusions: The documents of
consent notes, supplied from Court Records, provides evidence of the presence
of a female surgeon named Saliha Hatun in the 17th
century. The consent forms examined for the purpose of this study show that
Saliha Hatun was adept at hernia operations This
evidence also shows that Ottoman females had effective roles and
positions in these eras.
Evaluation of the Knowledge, Attitudes, and Behaviors of Antibiotics Usage at the Parents Living in the Aegean Part of Turkey
Authors: KORKUT Yasemin , EMRE Alime , AYADA Ceylan
Published: October 2019

Objective: Antibiotics are considered to be one of the greatest discoveries of the 20th century.
The widespread and inappropriate use of antibiotics leads to resistance to microorganisms,
increased cost, and at the same time an increase in the incidence of secondary side effects. We
aimed to determine the knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors about the use of antibiotics of the
parents living in the Aegean part of Turkey.Methods: The study was conducted with parents of 252 children who applied to the Kutahya
Family Health Center between May and October 2017. The data were collected by face-to-face
interview using a questionnaire survey prepared by the investigator. Descriptive and categorical
statistics were used for the study. Categorical variables were compared using the Chi-square
test. The level of statistical significance was set at p<0.05.
Results: The mean age of parents was 32.83 ± 7.61 years and most of them were in a low
education and income group. There was negative correlation between education level and use of
correct antibiotics (p<0.01). This sentence given by you is like a interpretation and should be in
a conclusion or discussion. Additionally, the correct level of knowledge of parents living in the
urban area, male gender, and unemployed was determined to be lower.
Conclusions: Rational antibiotic use is an important health issue in our country. We anticipate
regional differences in evaluations of antibiotic use and we believe that, in order to increase the
efficiency of antibiotic use, it is necessary to increase the level of education in the region and to
reprogram health education to the public. Family Doctors should be sensitive to the use of
antibiotics and inform the patient during the interview process. We believe that guidance and
strategy can be developed for the national-international correct use of antibiotics using these
regional data that we have obtained.
ESTUDO DAS ATIVIDADES PRÁTICAS NO ENSINO DE CIÊNCIAS EM UMA ESCOLA DE CRICIÚMA\SC
Authors: Rocha Andreia Josiane Bristot , Martins Miriam da Conceição
Published: October 2019

Esta pesquisa buscou analisar como os professores trabalham o ensino de ciências, no quarto ano do ensino fundamental em uma escola de Criciúma\SC. Teve como objetivos específicos: compreender como os profissionais estão desenvolvendo o ensino de ciências em sala de aula; identificar quais dificuldades os professores têm encontrado nas aulas de ciências; analisar como os professores podem enriquecer suas aulas, mesmo em um ambiente com poucos recursos apontando para alternativas que possam vir a ter significado para todos. Foi utilizada a metodologia de pesquisa exploratória, descritiva e de abordagem qualitativa, o questionário foi aplicado através de pesquisa de campo, que procurou entrevistar duas professoras do 4° ano de uma escola Municipal de Criciúma/SC. A coleta de dados foi feita por meio de um roteiro com perguntas pré-estabelecidas pelo pesquisador, com agendamento prévio para aplicação do questionário, buscando analisar as respostas dos professores sobre como o ensino de ciências tem contribuído na melhoria das práticas docentes. Cada resposta foi analisada e comparada, buscando a reflexão de como é possível apesar das dificuldades apresentadas pelos agentes, proporcionar aulas de qualidade, com subsídios para maior compreensão dos alunos. Concluindo desta forma também que a formação continuada é de extrema importância para o professor.PALAVRAS CHAVE: Professor. Ensino de Ciências. Atividades Práticas.
EJA: IDAS E VINDAS PARA A ESCOLA
Authors: Nascimento Eliane Cabral  Oliveira do , Hanoff Mirozete Iolanda Volpato
Published: October 2019

O presente estudo tem como foco principal identificar que fatores foram decisivos para que os jovens/adultos não frequentassem a escola em período adequado e o que os motivou a reingressarem na escola. E como objetivos específicos: apontar as causas da desistência da escola desses alunos; destacar os motivos do reingresso na escola; verificar a colaboração da EJA nas interações sociais dos seus alunos egressos. A metodologia de pesquisa consistiu em: entrevista semiestruturada com oito alunos de uma escola de Criciúma, SC. A abordagem do problema apresentou-se com uma caraterística qualitativa. Quanto à Natureza, entende-se que a pesquisa é básica e tendo em vista os objetivos realizou-se pesquisa exploratória e descritiva. Por meio da aplicação do questionário com os alunos que frequentam a EJA foi possível identificar que o “trabalho” foram os principais fatores das idas e vindas destes alunos para a escola.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Educação de Jovens e Adultos. Escola. Idas e Vindas
AS PROFESSORAS DAS SÉRIES INICIAIS NA REDE MUNICIPAL DE MARACAJÁ E O ENSINO DA HISTÓRIA E CULTURA INDÍGENA
Authors: Rocha Márcia Sorato , Ostetto Lucy Cristina
Published: October 2019

Este artigo objetiva refletir sobre como acontece à abordagem da Lei 11.645/08 sobre o ensino da história e da cultura indígena na rede municipal de ensino de Maracajá, a partir da análise das práticas das professoras nos anos iniciais. Dentre os objetivos específicos deste trabalho, buscou-se constatar qual o conhecimento que as professoras possuem sobre a Lei, além de verificar se há formação de professores sobre o tema e refletir sobre as dificuldades e os desafios que estas professoras encontram para trabalhar esta temática na escola. Para tanto aplicamos um questionário com cinco professoras das três escolas municipais. Ao escrever nosso referencial, nos apoiamos em Alves (2015); Borges (2010); Freitas (2010); Funari e Piñón (2011); Proposta Curricular Nacional (1997, 1998 e 2001); Silva e Porto (2012); Zucchi (2012). Após a análise de dados concluímos que os objetivos foram alcançados, pois analisamos como acontece o ensino desta temática, além de constatar se as professoras recebem formação nesta área, quais os conhecimentos que possuem sobre a Lei 11645/08, quais as dificuldades e os desafios que encontram para levar o ensino desta temática para as escolas. Porém, os resultados não foram satisfatórios ao perceber que a maioria das professoras possuem conhecimentos estereotipados sobre este assunto e conhecem a Lei superficialmente.PALAVRAS CHAVE: Ensino indígena. Lei 11645/08. Diversidade cultural. Prática das professoras.
IDENTIFICAÇÃO E MEDIAÇÃO NA DIFICULDADE DE APRENDIZAGEM: ANÁLISE DA PRÁTICA PEDAGÓGICA DE UMA PROFESSORA DO TERCEIRO ANO DO ENSINO FUNDAMENTAL
Authors: Passos Stefanie Zapelini dos , Silveira Zélia Medeiros
Published: October 2019

A presente pesquisa objetiva analisar como se dá o processo de identificação e mediação da pedagoga em relação às dificuldades de aprendizagem presentes em sala de aula. O trabalho apresenta os resultados de uma pesquisa bibliográfica na qual, foram utilizadas referências especializadas no assunto. Além do estudo bibliográfico o artigo apresenta um estudo de caso sobre a prática pedagógica de uma professora do terceiro ano do ensino fundamental I, de uma escola municipal de Içara/SC. Foi realizada uma entrevista semiestruturada com a referida professora, análise dos cadernos dos alunos, do PPP da escola e do plano de ensino, além de observação de sistemática da sala de aula. A análise dos dados coletados em campo revelou uma prática pedagógica comprometida com a aprendizagem dos alunos, mas carente de embasamento teórico, o que prejudica a identificação e a mediação nas dificuldades de aprendizagem, bem como na utilização de metodologias diferenciadas. Essa situação aponta a necessidade de melhorar o investimento no professor, por meio de programa de formação continuada.PALAVRAS CHAVE: Aprendizagem. Dificuldade de aprendizagem. Mediação.
POTENCIALIDADES DA APRENDIZAGEM OBSERVACIONAL PARA O ENSINO INCLUSIVO EM EDUCAÇÃO FÍSICA
Authors: Iaochite Roberto Tadeu , Alves da Costa Filho Roraima , Matias Fernandes Mayra , Palla-Kane Ana
Published: October 2019

Compreender como futuros professores filtram, selecionam e utilizam a informação da aprendizagem para avaliar a própria capacidade, é importante para se promover estratégias formativas mais apropriadas. Este estudo investigou a autoeficácia docente de licenciandos em educação física para a inclusão de alunos com deficiência em aulas regulares na escola, a fonte da experiência vicária, e possíveis associações com a progressão no curso, número de disciplinas e percepção de preparação e de contribuição do curso para o ensino inclusivo. Participaram 188 licenciandos em educação física, que responderam a uma escala de autoeficácia para inclusão e de fontes de autoeficácia do professor. A autoeficácia para inclusão se mostrou associada à percepção de preparação para ensinar de maneira inclusiva, enquanto a experiência vicária, apesar de relacionar-se com a autoeficácia, não se associou à nenhuma das variáveis estudadas. Considera-se que o desenvolvimento de estratégias para ensinar educação física de forma inclusiva deveria ocorrer ao longo da formação professores. De outro lado, entendeu-se que a experiência vicária tem um potencial educativo e formativo ainda pouco explorado, principalmente em se tratando do ensino de maneira a promover a inclusão de alunos.
MÉTODO REPETITIVO PARA DISLÉXICOS: COMO DIAGNOSTICAR E DESENVOLVER HABILIDADES DE LEITURA EM DISLÉXICOS
Authors: Silva André Pontes
Published: October 2019

Considerada um distúrbio de aprendizagem, a dislexia tem sido pesquisada nas áreas da saúde e educação. Os objetivos do artigo são: evidenciar as principais manifestações de bloqueio da linguagem do disléxico, e apresentar um método para desenvolver habilidades de leitura em disléxicos. Uma revisão de literatura permitiu investigar as formas de intervenção educacional para dislexia, previamente divulgadas. Os resultados e discussão foram capazes de propor uma nova estratégia de intervenção educacional multissensorial na educação básica, capaz de desenvolver habilidades de leitura em disléxicos. Ao final, o levantamento e a discussão sobre o Método Repetitivo para Disléxicos (MRD), como ideia central desta pesquisa, parece atender as necessidades encontradas na literatura, no entanto, até a elaboração do presente estudo, a proposta não foi utilizada na vivência prática.
FEATURES OF DISTRIBUTION HLA-ALLELES AND HAPLOTYPES IN KALMYKS
Authors: Loginova M. A. , Kutyavina S. S. , Smirnova D. N. , Cheranev V. V. , Paramonov I. V.
Published: October 2019

Conducted high-resolution HLA-typing loci HLA-A, -B, -C, -DRB1 and -DQB1 by massively parallel sequencing of 150 potential donors of hematopoietic stem cells from the Republic of Kalmykia. In the studied population, four new alleles identified that not previously registered by the International Committee on the Nomenclature of Factors of the HLA-system of WHO. During the HLA-typing identified: 29 alleles at the HLA-A locus, 44 - at the HLA-B locus, 26 - at the HLA-C locus, 15 - at the DQB1 locus, 37 - at the HLA-DRB1 locus. The following alleles have a frequency of more than 10%: HLA-A*02:01 (11,7%), HLA-A*01:01 (11%), HLA-B*51:01 (10,3%), HLA-B*58:01 (10,3%), HLA-C*06:02 (17,7%), HLA-C*03:04 (10,3%), HLA-C*03:02 (10%), HLA-DQB1*03:01 (26,7%), HLA-DQB1*02:02 (10%), HLA-DRB1*07:01 (11,7%). The most common HLA-A-B-C-DQB1-DRB1 haplotype is A*02:05-B*50:01-C*06:02-DQB1*02:02-DRB1*07:01 (3,7%). Deviations from the Hardy - Weinberg equilibrium not identified.
POSSIBILITIES OF CYTOLOGICAL DIAGNOSTICS OF LACTATED BREAST ADENOMA. CLINICAL REPORT
Authors: Saribekyan E. K. , Zikirjakhodzaev A. D. , Slavnova E. N. , Bruslinskaya A. B. , Surkova V. S. , Ortabaeva D. R. , Petrov A. N.
Published: October 2019

We describe a case of lactating adenoma in pregnant woman, 32 week of gestation. Typical features of disease presented in this article was revealed by clinical and microscopic methods and it make possible to diagnose the process before operation. The diagnosis was confirmed by histological investigation of surgical material.
APPLICATION OF SCANNING ELECTRONIC MICROSCOPY FOR THE PURPOSE OF STUDYING CANDIDA ALBICANS BIOFILM ON THE SURFACE OF BASIC PLASTICS OF REMOVABLE ORTHOPEDIC DESIGNS
Authors: Chesnokova M. G. , Chesnokov V. A. , Mironov A. Yu.
Published: October 2019

The most common pathology in the clinic of orthopedic dentistry is the presence of partial adentia in patients, manifested in the form of defects of dentition of various localization and length. Removable orthopedic structures in the oral cavity are a potential place for adhesion and colonization of microorganisms. The aim of the research was to study Candida albicans biofilms on the surface of base plastics of removable orthopedic structures using scanning electron microscopy. 175 cultures of C. albicans were isolated and identified from the oral mucosa of patients at various stages of orthopedic rehabilitation. When studying the surface of samples of plastics of hot and cold type polymerization and Candida biofilms using a JEOL JCM 5700 scanning electron microscope (JEOL, Japan), features of biofilm formation were established. An assessment of the nature of the manifestation of the hemagglutinating activity of clinical strains of Candida fungi in the hemagglutination test with human erythrocytes I (O), II (A) of the human and guinea pig blood groups was carried out. The total number of hemagglutinating strains was 37.14%, with the prevalence of the proportion of manna-resistant (MRHA) cultures - 23.43% of cases. Micrographs of the C. albicans yeast-like biofilm biofilm were obtained on the surface of hot and cold-type plastics in incubation dynamics. Scanning electron microscopy revealed the most pronounced changes in the surface of hot plastics of polymerization compared to cold plastics with long incubation of C. albicans, which characterize the loosening of plastics and the appearance of cracks on the surface, and the cracking of a yeast-like fungus biofilm was noted.
RETROSPECTIVE SEROLOGICAL DIAGNOSTICS OF SPOTTED FEVER GROUP RIKKETSIOSES IN HIGH RISK AREAS OF RICKETTSIA CONORII SUBSP. CASPIA INFECTION
Authors: Chekanova T. A. , Netalieva S. Zh. , Shpynov S. N. , Babaeva M. A. , Kostarnoy A. V.
Published: October 2019

723 blood sera from 537 patients of Regional Infectious Clinical Hospital, Astrakhan were obtained during high activity period of Rhipicephalus ticks (May-September 2015) and retrospectively studied for IgG/IgM to antigen of spotted fever group (SFG) Rickettsia. IgG and/or IgM to Rickettsia conorii were detected in 145 sera from 130 patients, and antibodies to R. sibirica (group-specific) were detected in 143 sera from 145. Antibodies to R. conorii were detected for 71,4% patients with Astrakhan spotted fever (ASF), for 28,4% patients with acute respiratory viral infection, for 19,1% patients with infection of unspecified etiology and for 40% patients having symptoms of a adenovirus infection. Acute rickettsiosis, provably ASF, is serologically validated for 71 patients. Dynamic of IgM/IgG to R. conorii in sera of patients having different preliminary diagnoses is discussed. IgM to R. conorii in sera of patients having adenovirus infection symptoms were detected at a later time as compared with others. For regions of high risk of R. conorii subsp. caspia infection the differentiation of diagnostic and anamnestic specific antibodies is very important. The absence of serological and molecular biological markers in third of patients with ASF symptoms is necessary to study. Preparations and algorithms for diagnosis of SFG rickettsioses are needed to improve.
METHODICAL ASPECTS OF ANTIMICROBIAL SUSCEPTIBILITY TESTING OF SALMONELLA (REVIEW OF LITERATURE)
Authors: Egorova S. A. , Kaftyreva L. A.
Published: October 2019

Salmonella is one of the leading food-borne infection pathogen: annually in the Russian Federation about 50 thousand cases of salmonellosis are registered. Antimicrobial therapy is necessary in the case of severe infection in children under 6 years and persons over 50 years, in patients with severe accompanying disease, as well as in the case of generalization of the infection. Beta-lactam antibiotics, quinolones and azithromycin are included in the list of drugs recommended for antimicrobial therapy of salmonellosis, including typhoid fever. The effectiveness of therapy largely depends on the appropriate antimicrobial susceptibility testing: the choice of testing method, indicator antibiotics and result interpretation. Salmonella belong to the Enterobacteriacae family and are characterized by common mechanisms of resistance to quinolones and beta-lactams, but antimicrobial susceptibility testing of Salmonella to these groups of antibiotics has a number of features. The article presents current data on the susceptibility of Salmonella, including S. Typhi, to antibiotics and leading clinically significant resistance mechanisms. The methodical aspects of Salmonella antimicrobial susceptibility testing of the drugs used for the treatment of salmonellosis (quinolones, beta-lactams and azithromycin) are described in detail. Interpretation of Salmonella testing results according the modern international and Russian recommendations are presented. The authors propose the algorithms for Salmonella antimicrobial susceptibility testing of quinolones, cephalosporins and carbapenems, as well as criteria for result interpretation, allowing the detection of clinically significant mechanisms of resistance to beta-lactams (production of beta-lactamases of different molecular classes) and quinolones (chromosomal mutations and acquired resistance genes).
La Banca privada, la legislación bancaria y la centralización bancaria entre 1870 y 1923 en Colombia.
Authors: Lesmes Pedro José
Published: October 2019

El objetivo de este artículo es mostrar el proceso legal de la banca privada, el cual se originó en Colombia durante el periodo del Radicalismo Liberal (1863-1886). El ascenso de la Regeneración en 1886, su avance sobre el país el Centralismo  presidencialista, de corte católico y autoritario, afectaría los intereses de los banqueros, comerciantes y productores que utilizaban los beneficios de la banca libre.  La metodología empleada es de carácter cualitativa y busca realizar el análisis de las regulaciones, problemas y dificultades que se presentaron en Colombia entre 1870 y 1923. Se destacó que ante las dificultades para organizar el sistema bancario en Colombia fue necesario establecer con mayor severidad controles a los Bancos Privados, por ejemplo, la  Misión Kemmerer en 1922, con la cual se planteó la necesidad de centralizar el sistema financiero del país, dando de esta manera origen al Banco de la República, con funciones de Banco Central y regulando los bancos privados por medio de la Superintendencia Bancaria.
URGENSI LITERASI DIGITAL DALAM MENANGKAL HOAX INFORMASI KESEHATAN DI ERA DIGITAL
Authors: Fitriarti Etik Anjar
Published: October 2019

Many as the number of the community of being exposed to hoax various kinds of health information in this digital era. This clearly need the consciousness of the community itself and requires support to overcome this phenomenon because it can to be harmful and made anxious the doers the public related to false news or hoax in social media. A support for to overcome problems related to this can be conducted one of them is by digital literacy. Even though the community is therefore skillful in digital or social media but also need to be given digital education related to the use of the information that spread in the digital era so that into society who is wise and critical in using social media.
KOMUNIKASI PENYADARAN DALAM PEMBERDAYAAN IBU RUMAH TANGGA MELALUI DANA CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY
Authors: Syafari Muhammad Riduansyah
Published: October 2019

The activity of awareness communication in empowering housewives through the budget of corporate social responsibility in Maburai village, Tabalong regency, is quite unique. The research method used is qualitative approach with descriptive type using primary and secondary data sources. Data collection techniques used are observation, interviews and documentation. The results of the study shows that awareness communication conducted by the pattern of direct visits to small medium enterprises (SMEs) which have been successful from scratch then continued with the dialogical discussion of post-visit is quite effective. The pattern is able to create entrepreneurial awareness and motivation for housewives in Marburai village to have desire to make change in the family's economic conditions and make it as an alternative source of business in the future.
MODAL SOSIAL DALAM STRATEGI KOMUNIKASI POLITIK
Authors: Siswanto Siswanto
Published: October 2019

Since the 1998 reformation until the 2014 election, politics in our country was characterized by massive transactional practices. It had been regarding to money politics practiced very obvious in every political event in choosing either in the executives or the representative’s level. However, the more interesting thing, with the rampant practice of transactional culture in the legislative election, is that there were the only few of people who dared to against such issue. This research employs a qualitative research paradigm with using a case study approach in which researcher had found that a political modality of Aziz Kahar Muzakkar is examined in a very strong social capital. Communication strategies which were person campaign strategies, adhesive strategies, structural strategies, cultural strategies as well as the strategy of collaboration between religion and development massages and propaganda techniques. This research also reveals a dominant model of political communication messages was propaganda. The conclusion is that the number of legislative members having a limited budget could be elected in the current transactional politics era. The key for this is to strengthen and maintain social capital in the community, and the communication strategy is in accordance with the political modality owned during the election campaign.
The Lumbosacral Takeoff Angle Can Be Used to Predict the Postoperative Lumbar Cobb Angle Following Selective Thoracic Fusion in Patients with Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis
Authors: Bachmann Keith R. , Lu Edwin , Novicoff Wendy M. , Newton Peter O. , Abel Mark F. ,   on behalf of the Harms Study Group
Published: October 2019

Background:

Selective fusion of double curves in patients with scoliosis is considered to spare fusion levels. In 2011, we studied the lumbosacral takeoff angle, defined as the angle between the center-sacral vertical line and a line through the centra of S1, L5, and L4. The lumbosacral takeoff angle was shown to moderately correlate with the lumbar Cobb angle, and a predictive equation was developed to predict the lumbar Cobb angle after selective fusions. The purposes of the present study were to validate that equation in a separate cohort and to assess differences in outcomes following selective and nonselective fusion.

Methods:

Patients with Lenke 1B, 1C, 3B, or 3C curve patterns undergoing fusion (both selective and nonselective) with pedicle screw constructs and a minimum of 2 years of follow-up were included. Selective fusion was defined as a lowest level of fixation cephalad to or at the apex of the lumbar curve. To validate the previously derived equation, we used this data set and analysis of variance to check for differences between the actual and calculated postoperative lumbar Cobb angles. Pearson correlation, multiple linear regression, and t tests were used to explore relationships and differences between the selective and nonselective fusion groups.

Results:

The mean calculated postoperative lumbar Cobb angle (and standard deviation) (22.35° ± 3.82°) was not significantly different from the actual postoperative lumbar Cobb angle (21.08° ± 7.75°), with an average model error of −1.268° (95% confidence interval, −2.649° to 0.112°). The preoperative lumbar Cobb angle was larger in patients with deformities that were chosen for nonselective fusion (50.2° versus 38.9°; p < 0.001). Performing selective fusion resulted in a 3.5° correction of the lumbosacral takeoff angle (p < 0.001), whereas nonselective fusion resulted in a 9.3° correction (p < 0.001).

Conclusions:

The lumbosacral takeoff angle can be used to predict the residual lumbar Cobb angle and may be used by surgeons to aid in the decision between selective and nonselective fusion. The change in the lumbosacral takeoff angle following selective fusion is small. Improvement in the lumbosacral takeoff angle and coronal balance is greater in association with nonselective fusion.

Level of Evidence:

Therapeutic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Intraoperative Sensing Technology to Achieve Balance in Primary Total Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Ghirardelli Stefano , Bala Abiram , Peretti Giuseppe , Antonini Guido , Indelli Pier F.
Published: October 2019

» Instability following total knee arthroplasty has been reported as a major cause for early or delayed total knee arthroplasty revision.

» Balancing the knee remains an inexact art with no standardized protocol to optimize soft-tissue tension.

» The sensing technology reviewed in this article allows surgeons to intraoperatively analyze several parameters, including tibiofemoral rotational alignment, quantitative pressure at peak contact points in the medial and lateral compartments during both total knee arthroplasty trialing and final implant positioning, evaluation of the kinematics of the prosthetic knee, and, finally, correcting soft-tissue imbalance in real time.

» This technology has the potential for improved outcomes, reduction in constrained implant utilization, increased patient satisfaction, and lower revision rates.
Baculogypsina Sulaimanensis N. Sp. (calcarinidae) from the Priabonian of Sulaiman Range, Pakistan: a Possible Ancestor For the Recent Baculogypsina Sphaerulata
Authors: Özcan Ercan , Hohenegger Johann , Yücel Ali Osman , Kayğılı Sibel , Ali Nowrad , Hanif Muhammad
Published: October 2019

Priabonian ‘Pellatispira-beds’ of the Drazinda Formation in Sulaiman Range, Pakistan, contain rare calcarinids displaying similar morphological traits known from Pliocene–Recent Baculogypsina (Sacco, 1893). These specimens possess a biconvex-lenticular test with 5–8 spines characterized by anastomosing canals. The small, poorly observed protoconch is followed by a series of low trochospiral chambers, which are followed by a cyclical arrangement of chambers, producing lateral chamberlets on both test sides. The lateral sides of the test are pierced by piles of almost uniform size. Spines arise from the initial spiral part and enlarge with growth. The shape, number, and size of lateral chambers are characteristic of the genus Baculogypsina, which extends the range of this genus into the late Eocene. We have assigned these previously undescribed specimens as Baculogypsina sulaimanensis n. sp. Occurring sporadically, the new taxon is associated with Heterostegina indusensis, Silvestriella tetraedra, Pellatispira madaraszi, Assilina ex. gr. alpina, and reticulate Nummulites.
Contribuciones en la modelación de energía renovable en sistemas de potencia
Authors: Rivera-Rodríguez Sergio Raúl , Dorado-Rojas Sergio Andrés
Published: October 2019

En este artículo se realiza un análisis de la literatura científica producida en materia de modelación y simulación de sistemas de potencia con penetración de energía renovable. Por medio de una revisión documental de los trabajos publicados por el investigador en cuestión, se sintetizaron los aspectos más innovadores de tales estudios y las herramientas utilizadas, con el fin de aportar una valiosa contribución a la búsqueda de soluciones óptimas de los problemas operacionales y de planeación que se presentan en los sistemas eléctricos gracias a la creciente penetración de fuentes de energía renovable. 
Dicha revisión se abordó a través de la agrupación del material científico de acuerdo con las siguientes subtemáticas: energía renovable en Latinoamérica y Colombia; modelación de incertidumbre de sistemas solares, eólicos, pequeñas centrales hidroeléctricas y vehículos eléctricos y optimización heurística aplicada a sistemas de potencia con penetración de energía renovable.
A partir de ello se exponen tanto la aplicabilidad como los beneficios del desarrollo de formulaciones matemáticas, por lo general complejas, que permiten garantizar robustez, estabilidad, eficiencia, flexibilidad y rentabilidad de dichos sistemas.
Como resultado de la aplicación de la modelación de incertidumbre propuesta en redes similares a las identificadas, se obtuvo la compilación simplificada de un bagaje invaluable de conocimientos particularmente útiles para evaluar la integración de las tecnologías de las energías renovables en cualquier sector económico.
Experimental implantoplasty outcomes correlate with fibroblast growth in vitro
Authors: Maal Mehrnaz Beheshti , Ellingsen Stig Aanerød , Reseland Janne Elin , Verket Anders
Published: October 2019

Background

Implantoplasty is an option in peri-implantitis treatment, but little is known about the effect on the soft tissue. The aim of the study was to characterize surface roughness following experimental implantoplasty and to examine its effect on human fibroblast growth and the secretion of selected proteins.Methods

Titanium grade IV coins were mechanically treated with six different rotating bur sequences; diamond burs or carbide burs alone, or followed by either Arkansas stone bur or silicone burs. Machined and rough-surface sandblasted, acid-etched (SLA) coins were used as control. The surface topography was characterized by scanning electron microscope and profilometer. Human gingival fibroblasts from two donors were cultured on the coins to quantify the effect on cell morphology, growth and protein secretion by confocal microscopy and multiplex immunoassay.Results

All surface roughness parameters were lower for the surfaces treated with experimental implantoplasty than for the SLA surface, and the sequence of carbide burs followed by silicone burs rendered the least rough surface of the test groups. The implantoplasty procedures changed the elemental composition of the titanium surface. High surface roughness showed a weak to moderate negative correlation to fibroblast growth, but induced a higher secretion of VEGF, IL-6 and MCP-3 to the cell medium compared to the least rough surfaces of the test groups. At day 30 fibronectin levels were higher in the SLA group.Conclusions

The surface roughness following implantoplasty demonstrated a weak to moderate negative correlation with the growth of fibroblasts. The addition of Arkansas stone and silicon burs to the experimental implantoplasty bur protocol rendered an initial increase in fibroblast growth. Implantoplasty altered the elemental composition of the titanium surface, and had an effect on the fibroblast cytokine secretion and fibronectin levels.
Staffing rural hospitals through Umthombo Youth Development Foundation (UYDF) in South Africa: Challenges and Opportunities
Authors: Zihindula Ganzamungu , MacGregor Richard Gavin , Ross Andrew John
Published: October 2019

Despite the governments ‘healthcare for all’ focus since the country’s first democratic election in 1994, many rural district hospitals in South Africa have struggled to find and retain adequate staffing levels in order to be able to deliver on the District hospital package of services. Many of these hospitals have relied on non-profit organisations and other privately owned institutions to assist them in improving their staffing levels and service delivery. Umthombo Youth Development Foundation (UYDF), a NPO’s started in 1999 at one rural hospital in the Province KwaZulu-Natal, provides funding to youth from rural areas to study a health science degrees with the understanding that they will return to serve at their rural-based hospitals. This review describes the role that UYDF has played in assisting rural-based hospitals with recruiting and retaining staff, the relationship between UYDF and hospitals, the ‘UYDF’ model, as well as the challenges and opportunities presented through the partnership between UYDF and rural district hospitals. It aims to inform and contribute to health policy initiatives that can help rural-based hospitals to recruit, attract and retain staff. Using a case study research design, existing data was used to present a detailed descriptive analysis of the UYDF health education and employment model. The results from this research paper suggest that the model provides a solution which can address the problem of hospital staffing, and that if challenges are managed, other rural-based hospitals in the country could benefit from the model.
Feeding practices of children aged 0 to 24 months with clefts attending a specialized hospital in Uganda
Authors: Nabatanzi Maureen , Seruwagi Gloria Kimuli , Tushemerirwe Florence Basiimwa , Lubogo David
Published: October 2019

Background: Appropriate feeding practices are vital for child nutrition. Despite a low incidence of 0.73 in 1000, Ugandan children with oral clefts face feeding difficulties that affect their feeding practices, nutrition status and health.Objective: To determine the feeding practices, techniques and maternal feeding knowledge among children with oral clefts attending Comprehensive Rehabilitative Services of Uganda (CoRSU) HospitalMethods: This survey was part of a cross-sectional study on feeding practices, mothers’ experiences and support. We consecutively sampled 32 mothers of children with oral clefts aged 0 to 24 months attending CoRSU hospital between April and May, 2018. A structured questionnaire collected data on feeding practices, techniques and maternal feeding knowledge. Descriptive statistics were analyzed using SPSS software.Results: Most children (56%) had cleft lip and palate. Early initiation of breastfeeding was 44% and exclusive breastfeeding was 35%. None continued breastfeeding beyond 12 months. Timely introduction of complementary foods was 75%. 58% met the minimum dietary diversity score, 83% met the minimum meal frequency and 33% received a minimum acceptable diet. 75% of the mothers used bottles, cups and spoons in feeding their children. Majority preferred the specialized soft bottle (50%). 28% of the mothers were knowledgeable on the World Health Organization recommended feeding practices. Conclusions: This cleft group had suboptimal feeding practices since none of the children breastfed beyond 12 months and only one third received an acceptable diet. Varied feeding techniques were employed to improve feeding; majority preferred the specialized soft bottle. Most mothers had inadequate knowledge on feeding. There is need to improve the feeding guidance given to mothers of children with oral clefts. Our findings can guide the design of appropriate feeding interventions for this group.
SCFA producing bacteria shape the subtype of ADHD in children
Authors: Fan Chaonan , Li Shijie , Wang Rui , Fan Xiuqin , Liang Aiming , Qi Kemin
Published: October 2019

There is little data on population-based identification of the gut microbiota with ADHD subtypes in children, yet whether the degree ADHD is characterized by short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) remains unclear. We enrolled 59 ADHD children including 21 inattentive subtypes (ADHD-I), 20 combined subtypes (ADHD-C), 18 hyperactive-Impulsive subtypes (ADHD-H) and 23 healthy controls. The microbiota was characterized by 16S rRNA gene sequencing, and SCFA concentrations were determined by gas chromatographic analysis. Compared to the controls, we observed a decrease of 14 genera belonging to Ruminococcaceae, Lachnospiraceae, Verrucomicrobiaceae and Rikenellaceae family in ADHD-I, while Megamonas, Coprococcus_2 and Paraprevotella were significantly increased in ADHD-C. In addition, a lower abundance of Faecalibacterium, and a higher proportion of Marvinbryantia, Intestinimonas, Prevotella_9 and Eggerthella were detected in the ADHD-H. Analysis of fecal SCFAs showed that elevated levels of acetate and propionate were in ADHD subtypes. Furthermore, most of the bacterium associated with SCFAs overlapped with the differential bacterium in ADHD subtypes. Conclusion: Our data support the clinical distinction among different ADHD subtypes in children may also be reflected in alterations of specific gut microbiota, most of which are SCFA producing bacteria.
Yield of Cucumbers in Multiple-harvest Trials with Dissimilar Genotypes in Border Rows
Authors: Wehner Todd C. , Miller Conrad H.
Published: October 2019

Cultigens frequently are tested for eventual monoculture production conditions in trials with different cultigens in adjacent rows. We determined the effect of using different cultigens of pickling and fresh-market cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) in bordered (three-row) and unordered (l-row) plots. Cultigens contrasted in characteristics important in competitive effects: plant architecture (tall vs. dwarf), anthracnose resistance (susceptible vs. resistant), and sex expression (monoecious vs. gynoecious). In all four test years, there was no significant interaction of border with center row in unordered vs. bordered plots, with three exceptions: there was a significant reduction in yield of M 21 in 1982 when bordered by `Calypso' (a large-vined genotype), and a reduction in yield of `Southern Belle' in 1984 when bordered by `Calypso' or SMR 58. In most cases, there was an increase in yield if the border genotype had short vines. We concluded that. in most cases, trials can be run using unordered plots without significant effect or yield.
Growth and Transplantability of Magnolia grandiflora Following Root Pruning at Several Growth Stages
Authors: Gilman Edward F. , Kane Michael E.
Published: October 2019

Roots of field-grown southern magnolia (Magnolia grandiflora L.) were pruned once during dormancy, following the first shoot growth flush or after the second growth flush or twice at the following times: during dormancy and following first growth flush, during dormancy and following second growth flush, following first and second growth flush before transplanting in the winter. By the end of the growing season, root pruning at all stages of growth reduced leaf number, tree height, trunk caliper, and total tree leaf area and weight compared with unpruned controls. Total root weight was less for trees pruned during dormancy or following the first growth flush. Root pruning increased the proportion of fine roots (0- to 5-mm-diameter class) to coarse roots (> 5- to 10-mm-diameter class). Shoot: root dry weight ratios at transplanting were not affected by root pruning. Root-pruned trees grew at a faster rate following transplanting than unpruned trees. Despite these initial differences. trees in all treatments were the same size 1 year after transplanting.
Drought or Mechanical Stress Affects Broccoli Transplant Growth and Establishment but Not Yield
Authors: Latimer Joyce G.
Published: October 2019

Broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. Group Italica cv. Green Duke) seedlings were subjected to brushing with a piece of cardboard (40 strokes/min, 1 min twice daily), wind (7 m·s-1 for 5 min twice daily) or drought (visible wilt for 2 hours daily) treatments. Plant response to treatment was affected by seasonal or environmental conditions. All conditioning treatments reduced leaf dry weight and area, stem dry weight and length, and the total shoot and root dry weights in an experiment conducted in Sept. 1986 (Fall 1986). However, in experiments conducted the following year, broccoli transplants treated in March (Spring 1987) showed little response to the treatments, while transplants treated in August (Fall 1987) showed only a moderate response. In Fall 1986 and 1987, brushing improved field establishment as measured by the rate of shoot dry weight gain over the period of field establishment. Yield of the primary head of broccoli transplants treated in either Spring or Fall 1987 was not affected by the conditioning treatments. Brushing may provide an effective alternative to drought or plant growth retardants in conditioning broccoli transplants prior to field planting.
Flowering of Apple Trees in the Second Year Is Increased by Firstyear P Fertilization
Authors: Neilsen G.H. , Hogue E.J. , Parchomchuk P.
Published: October 2019

Application of high rates of P in the year of planting increased the number of flower clusters and fruit set the subsequent year on newly planted `Macspur McIntosh', `Summerland Red McIntosh', `Jonagold', and `Jonamac' apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) on dwarfing rootstock (M.26 and M.9) in three separate experiments. The effect occurred whether P was applied at rates of 36 or 48 g P/tree as granular monoammonium phosphate (11 N-23.6 P-0K) uniformly mixed with 100 or 180 liter of soil in the planting hole or at rates of 17.5 and 35 g P applied as soluble ammonium polyphosphate (10N-14.6P-0K) with the irrigation water. A leaf P concentration range between 0.20% and 0.36% was associated with the acceleration of fruiting.