bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Reality of Spreading the Culture of Entrepreneurship That Stimulates Development, The Viewpoint of Students of the Jordanian University of Science and Technology
Authors: Hammouri Khaled , Al Bataineh Erwah
Published: April 2024

The study population consisted of (570) male and female students from of the Jordanian University of Science and Technology. The study sample was chosen by simple random method, and it consisted of (230) male and female students The analytical descriptive approach was applied, also a tool has prepared to measure of the reality of spreading the culture of entrepreneurship that stimulates development. The study's results indicated the following: - The reality of spreading the culture of entrepreneurship that stimulates development, of students of the Jordanian University of Science students was rated high. - There were no statistically significant differences at (α=≤0.05) attributed to effect of sex on the culture of entrepreneurship that stimulates development, of students of the Jordanian University of Science students’ overall degree. - There were statistically significant differences at (α≤0.05) attributed to effect of achievement on the culture of entrepreneurship that stimulates development, of students of the Jordanian University of Science students’ overall degree, and differences were in favor of high achievers. - There were statistically significant differences at (α=0.05) between College of Engineering students, from a hand, and between College of Science and Arts and information technology students from another, where differences were in favor of College of Engineering students.

تهدف هذه الدراسة إلى واقع نشر ثقافة ريادة الأعمال المحفزة للتنمية المستدامة من وجهة نظر طلبة جامعة العلوم والتكنولوجية الاردنية، تكون مجتمع الدراسة من طلبة جامعة العلوم والتكنولوجيا الأردنية المسجلين في مساق ريادة الأعمال والابتكار والبالغ عددهم (570) طالبا وطالبة، فيما تكونت العينة من (230) طالبا وطالبة تم اختيارهم بالطريقة العشوائية، تم اعداد أداة لقياس واقع نشر ثقافة ريادة الأعمال المحفزة للتنمية المستدامة من قبل الباحثَين، وقد أشارت نتائج هذه الدراسة إلى ما يلي: - أن واقع نشر ثقافة ريادة الأعمال المحفزة للتنمية المستدامة من وجهة نظر طلبة جامعة العلوم والتكنولوجية الأردنية كانت بدرجة مرتفعة، في جميع المجالات والدرجة الكلية. - وجود فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية عند مستوى (α ≥ 0.05) تعزى لأثر التحصيل الدراسي وجاءت الفروق لصالح الطلبة المتفوقين تحصيليا. - عدم وجود فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية عند مستوى (α ≥ 0.05) تعزى لأثر الجنس. - وجود فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية عند مستوى (α ≥ 0.05) تعزى للكلية بين كلية الهندسة من جهة وكل من كلية العلوم والآداب وكلية تكنولوجيا المعلومات من جهة أخرى وجاءت الفروق لصالح كلية الهندسة.
Physical fitness elements that contribute to general muscular balance among basic stage female students at the International Professional Academy and Schools in Jordan
Authors: Alhaddad Najlaa , Ahmad Samira Orabi , El-Moghrabi Arabi
Published: April 2024

The aim of the research was to identify the relationship between physical fitness elements and overall muscular balance, as well as their contributions among female students in the basic stage of proficiency academies and international schools in Jordan. The descriptive method was used on a sample of (139) female students aged (9-12) years, from proficiency academies and international schools in Jordan. A set of tests was applied to select physical fitness elements to determine their relationship with overall muscular balance, and their contribution among the basic stage female students (fourth, fifth and sixth grades). The following statistical tests were used: (arithmetic mean, standard deviation, percentage, Pearson correlation coefficient, regression analysis). The research concluded that physical fitness elements play an important role in providing overall muscle balance among female students in the basic education stage, which contributed to achieving balance with high percentages among the basic stage female students. Based on these results, the researchers recommend directing the attention of workers in the basic education stage to consider the physical fitness elements that have been identified, and achieved results in the process of overall muscular balance within the physical education curricula for the basic stage students. It is also necessary to conduct research on the same physical fitness elements for different age groups of female students the significant, as well as conducting research on male students and finding differences between them.

هدف البحث التعرف إلى علاقة عناصر اللياقة البدنية بالتوازن العضلي العام وأيضا نسبة المساهمة به لدى طالبات المرحلة الأساسية في أكاديمية ومدارس الاحتراف الدولية في الاردن، وقد استخدم المنهج الوصفي على عينة قوامها (139) طالبة من طالبات أكاديمية ومدارس الاحتراف الدولية في الاردن اعمارهن من (9- 12) سنة، طبقت مجموعه من الاختبارات لعناصر اللياقة البدنية المختارة لمعرفة علاقتها بالتوازن العضلي العام، و نسب مساهمتها به لدى طلبات المرحلة الاساسية (رابع - خامس - سادس)، وتم استخدام المعالجات الاحصائية التالية: (المتوسط الحسابي - الانحراف المعياري - النسبة المئوية - معامل ارتباط بيرسون - تحليل الانحدار)، و توصلت نتائج البحث إلى: أن عناصر اللياقة البدنية لها دور هام في اكساب التوازن العضلي العام عند طالبات مرحلة التعليم الاساسي، وساهمت عناصر اللياقة البدنية في تحقيق التوازن بنسب مرتفعة لطالبات المرحلة الاساسية، وفي ضوء هذه النتائج يوصي الباحثون: توجيه نظر العاملين في مرحلة التعليم الأساسي لمراعاة عناصر اللياقة البدنية التي تم التوصل اليها وحققت نتائج في عملية التوازن العضلي العام ضمن مناهج التربية البدنية لطلبة مرحلة التعليم الاساسي، وضرورة القيام بأبحاث لنفس عناصر اللياقة البدنية لمراحل عمرية مختلفة للطالبات خلال تعليمهن المدرسي، وكذلك القيام بالأبحاث على الطلاب الذكور وايجاد الفروق المعنوية بين الجنسين.
Mass Media and Suicide amongst Nigerian youths
Authors: Ate Andrew A. , Egielewa Peter E. , Akpor Ewomazino D. , Olley Wilfred Oritsesan , Federick Edike Kparoboh , Otebe Fidelis
Published: April 2024

This research investigates the extent to which Nigerian youths consider and commit suicide. The main objectives of this paper were to determine the extent young Nigerians consider or attempt suicide, ascertain how the mass media in Nigeria is used to accelerate or treat suicide and the evaluate whether interpersonal communication reduce suicidal inclinations in young people in Nigeria. A questionnaire was sent to different higher institutions, churches, and mosques in Edo State between 01 July and 31 December 2021 to elicit responses from adolescents aged 15 to 24, and 375 respondents completed the questionnaire, which was utilized for the study. According to the Interpersonal Theory of Suicide (ITS) and the Cultivation Theory, more female Nigerian youths contemplated and attempted suicide than their male counterparts, and the consumption of an overdose of unprescribed drugs was the most common method of committing suicide among Nigerian youths. Regarding the interpersonal communication feature of suicide bias, this study discovered that the percentage of Nigerian teenagers who spoke to someone about their suicidal thoughts is rather low, at 6%. The study also found that young people who use social media and online material had a 1 in 5 likelihood of trying suicide, but those who read newspapers, watch TV or listen to the radio have a 1 in 20 chance The survey also concluded that girls are four times more likely than men to suffer from any of the reasons for suicide and that general life stress, academic stress, loneliness, and relationship issues were the most prevalent causes of suicide among teens. According to the study, Nigerian youngsters who consume Internet-generated material are four times more likely to consider suicide than those who use conventional media such as newspapers, television, and radio.

يبحث هذا البحث في مدى تفكير الشباب النيجيري في الانتحار وانتحاره. تم إرسال استبيان إلى مختلف المؤسسات العليا والكنائس والمساجد في ولاية إيدو في الفترة ما بين 01 يوليو و31 ديسمبر 2021 للحصول على ردود من المراهقين الذين تتراوح أعمارهم بين 15 و24 عامًا، وأكمل 375 مشاركًا الاستبيان، والذي تم استخدامه للدراسة. وفقًا لنظرية الانتحار بين الأشخاص (ITS) ونظرية الثقافة، فكّرت الشابات النيجيريات وحاولن الانتحار أكثر من نظرائهن الذكور، وكان استهلاك جرعة زائدة من المخدرات غير الموصوفة هو الطريقة الأكثر شيوعًا للانتحار بين الشباب النيجيري.وخلص الاستطلاع أيضًا إلى أن الفتيات أكثر عرضة أربع مرات من الرجال للمعاناة من أي من أسباب الانتحار، وأن ضغوط الحياة العامة، والضغط الأكاديمي، والشعور بالوحدة، وقضايا العلاقات كانت الأسباب الأكثر شيوعًا للانتحار بين المراهقين. ووفقا للدراسة، فإن الشباب النيجيريين الذين يستهلكون المواد التي يتم إنتاجها عبر الإنترنت هم أكثر عرضة للتفكير في الانتحار بأربعة أضعاف مقارنة بأولئك الذين يستخدمون وسائل الإعلام التقليدية مثل الصحف والتلفزيون والإذاعة.
An Exploration of Cognitive Benefits of EFL Learning in a Monolingual Jordanian Context
Authors: Al-khresheh Mohammad , Karmi Sali
Published: April 2024

Objective: This study examined the cognitive benefits of English language learning in Jordan’s predominantly monolingual context, an area that remains largely unexplored. Methodology: A methodically crafted, literature-based survey was administered to a representative sample of 365 Jordanians, selected through random sampling, utilizing a quantitative research design. Findings: The analysis underlined several pronounced cognitive benefits of English language mastery. Key enhancements spanned domains such as attentional control, memory retention, overall health, and creative thinking. Furthermore, the linguistic journey often translated into socio-cultural advantages, facilitating richer intercultural exchanges, fostering deeper friendships, and broadening global perspectives. Interestingly, urban residency and higher educational attainment emerged as influential variables, amplifying these benefits. Recommendations: This study provides essential insights for educators and policymakers to enhance these advantages in monolingual societies.

الهدف: في المجتمعات أحادية اللغة مثل الأردن، لم تحظى الآثار المعرفية المترتبة على تعلم اللغة الأجنبية باهتمام كبير من قبل الباحثين. لذلك هدفت هذه الدراسة إلى تحديد وتوضيح الفوائد المعرفية لتعلم اللغة الإنجليزية كلغة أجنبية في هذا السياق. المنهج: تم توزيع استبيان مبني من الدراسات السابقة على عينة تمثيلية من 365 أردنيًا، تم اختيارهم من خلال العينة العشوائية، باستخدام المنهج الكمي. النتائج: أظهر التحليل الإحصائي عدة فوائد معرفية واضحة مرتبطة بإتقان اللغة الإنجليزية. تضمنت الفوائد المعرفية عدة مجالات رئيسية مثل التحكم في الانتباه، وتقوية الذاكرة، والصحة العامة، والتفكير الإبداعي. علاوة على ذلك، غالبًا ما تُترجم الرحلة اللغوية إلى مزايا اجتماعية وثقافية، مما يسهل في إثراء التبادل الثقافي، وتعزيز الصداقات، وتوسيع التباين في وجهات النظر. كما بينت نتائج الدراسة أن الإقامة في المدينة والحصول على مستوى تعليمي أعلى يؤثر إيجابياً على تعزيز الفوائد المعرفية. التوصيات: تقدم هذه الدراسة رؤى أساسية للمعلمين وصانعي السياسات لتعزيز هذه الفوائد المعرفية في المجتمعات أحادية اللغة.
Palestinian sports fans' rooting practices and preferences: A case study of the 2022 FIFA World Cup in Qatar
Authors: Jabali Oqab , Saeedi Munther
Published: April 2024

Objective: This study explores the motivations and justifications driving Palestinian sports fans to watch the 2022 FIFA World Cup and support specific national teams. The objective is to understand the underlying factors that contribute to their engagement with this global sports event. Methods: The study targeted 732 residents of Nablus Governorate with a primary interest in watching football matches on television. A five-point Likert scale was used to assess Palestinian fandom preferences concerning the FIFA World Cup 2022, covering demographic information and reasons motivating Palestinians to watch the World Cup. Results: The study reveals several significant associations between the variables under investigation. Participants argued that the FIFA World Cup serves as a platform to generate interest in the Palestinian cause and showcase the Arab and Islamic cultures to foreign delegations. Additionally, the event contributes to dispelling misconceptions about these cultures on a global scale. Palestinian football supporters use their engagement with the 2022 FIFA World Cup to express not only their passion and love for football but also their national, cultural, and political identities. Conclusion: The findings underscore the multifaceted nature of sports fandom as a means of communication, contributing to a broader understanding of how global sports events intersect with cultural and political dynamics.

الهدف: تسعى هذه الدراسة إلى استكشاف الدوافع والتبريرات التي تدفع عشاق الرياضة الفلسطينيين إلى مشاهدة تصفيات كأس العالم لكرة القدم لعام 2022 ودعم منتخباتهم الوطنية المحددة. وقد حرص الباحثون على فك رموز العوامل الأساسية التي تسهم في مشاهدتهم لهذا الحدث الرياضي العالمي البارز. منهجية البحث: استهدفت الدراسة بشكل خاص 732 شخصا من محافظة نابلس الذين يظهرون اهتمامًا ملحوظًا بمشاهدة مباريات كرة القدم عبر التلفزيون. باستخدام مقياس لايكرت الخماسي، قام الباحثون بتقييم تفضيلات المشجعين الفلسطينيين فيما يتعلق بكأس العالم لكرة القدم لعام 2022. اعتمد الباحثون على الاستبانة والمقبلة كأدوات للبحث والتقصي اخذين بعين الاعتبار مجموعة من العوامل الديموغرافية والأسباب التي تحفز الفلسطينيين على مشاهدة البطولة. النتائج: كشفت الدراسة عن عدة ارتباطات مهمة بين المتغيرات المدروسة. حيث عبر المستطلعة آراؤهم عن أن نهائيات كأس العالم لكرة القدم تعتبر منصة لتوليد اهتمام في قضية الفلسطينيين وعرض الثقافات العربية والإسلامية للوفود الأجنبية. بالإضافة إلى ذلك، يري المشاهدون الفلسطينيون ان هذه البطولة ساهمت في تعديل كثير من المفاهيم المغلوطة حول هذه الثقافات على مستوى عالمي. خلص الباحثون كذلك الى نتيجة مفادها ان مشجعي كرة القدم الفلسطينيين استغلوا مشاهدتهم لبطولة كأس العالم لعام 2022 للتعبير ليس فقط عن شغفهم وحبهم لكرة القدم ولكن أيضًا عن هويتهم الوطنية والثقافية والسياسية. الخلاصة: تسلط النتائج الضوء على الطابع المتعدد الجوانب لحب الرياضة كوسيلة للتواصل، مما يسهم في فهم أعمق لكيفية تداخل الفعاليات الرياضية العالمية مع الديناميات الثقافية والسياسية.
The Approximate Integrals by the Reproducing Kernel Method on the Elliptical Region Eₙ In the Space Rⁿ
Authors: Aslan Hiba , Abbas Hamed
Published: April 2024

In this paper, we applied the reproducing kernel method on elliptical region, we establish the formulas of the reproducing kernel from several degrees and generalized those formulas whatever the dimension of space, we obtained all surfaces, points, and their constants for compensation in the cubature formula, tables are included to show our results and examples to show the approximation solution in this method.
The Realism of Speculative Fiction: Planetary Polyphony and Scale in Kim Stanley Robinson’s The Ministry for the Future
Authors: Patoine Pierre-Louis
Published: April 2024

In “Thinking in SF Mode” (2021), Isabelle Stengers distinguishes between philosophical thought experiments (such as Maxwell’s demon [1867] or Searle’s Chinese room) and the ability of speculative fiction to test hypothesizes in fully developed storyworlds, arguing for the heuristic power of fictional density and immersion. We push this hypothesis further by examining what embodied reading brings to the political and ecological exploration of terraforming (geoengineering) in Kim Stanley Robinson’s Mars Trilogy (1992–1996).
Le 11 Septembre et la réorganisation du renseignement aux États‑Unis : aux sources d’une réforme inachevée
Authors: Ramos Raphaël
Published: April 2024

Les attentats du 11 septembre 2001 ont pris de court l’administration américaine et, ainsi, posé la question de l’efficacité de la communauté du renseignement. Ils ont contraint le pouvoir politique à commanditer plusieurs enquêtes afin d’identifier, puis rectifier les dysfonctionnements du renseignement. Si ces études ont mis en lumière un certain nombre de failles structurelles, elles ont engendré une réforme en demi‑teinte, conclue à la hâte. Les dissensions au sein de l’administration n’ont pas permis d’aboutir à des changements d’ampleur conformes aux préconisations des commissions. Néanmoins, l’ensemble du processus de réforme permet de mettre en évidence la primauté du pouvoir politique dans l’organisation, les activités et les dysfonctionnements du renseignement.
Communiquer le patriotisme par le sport depuis le 11 Septembre : le cas de la mobilisation politique des sportifs africains-américains
Authors: Benedetti Gregory
Published: April 2024

Les attentats terroristes du 11 septembre 2001 ont touché la société américaine dans son ensemble et fragilisé les États-Unis au début du xxie siècle. Face à ces attaques, la volonté d’unifier le pays autour de la notion de patriotisme a contribué à apporter une première réponse, visant à redonner confiance à une nation dont les valeurs avaient été remises en cause par ces attentats. Le monde du sport professionnel a joué un rôle important dans l’élaboration d’une supposée vision patriotique commune exacerbée, flirtant avec le nationalisme. Cet article s’intéresse plus particulièrement au cas de certains sportifs professionnels africains-américains, dont l’attitude a évolué au cours de ces vingt dernières années. Entre le 11 septembre 2001 et l’émergence du mouvement Black Lives Matter, le positionnement de certains sportifs africains-américains a progressivement glissé vers une déconstruction, et peut‑être une réappropriation, du patriotisme. Là où le monde du sport avait été utilisé pour délivrer un message d’unité nationale, sur fond de nationalisme, après les attentats du 11 Septembre, depuis quelques années, certains membres de l’élite sportive africaine-américaine n’ont pas hésité à jouer de leur statut pour réclamer plus de justice raciale, renouant avec une tradition longue de mobilisation politique d’athlètes africains-américains. Parfois perçus comme étant en rupture avec le patriotisme très visible dans les enceintes sportives suite aux attentats du 11 septembre 2001, ces athlètes n’ont pas hésité à remettre en question ce consensus patriotique. Dès lors, ils invitent la société américaine à repenser le patriotisme à travers le prisme des inégalités raciales qui affectent la communauté africaine-américaine.
PENGARUH PERBEDAAN PEMBERIAN TABLET Fe DENGAN JUS JAMBU MERAH TERHADAP PENINGKATAN KADAR HEMOGLOBIN (Hb) PADA REMAJA PUTRI
Authors: Sarni Sarni , Martini Sri , Mahanani Festy
Published: April 2024

Latar Belakang: Anemia merupakan salah satu masalah kesehatan di seluruh dunia terutama negara berkembang yang diperkirakan 30% penduduk dunia menderita anemia. Anemia pada remaja putri saat ini masih cukup tinggi, menurut World Health Organization (WHO, 2015). Satu dari tiga wanita yang tidak hamil pada hampir 500 juta orang wanita mengalami anemia yang disebabkan karena pemasukan zat besi yang tidak mencukupi. Remaja putri sangat rentan kekurangan zat besi karena menstruasi, pertumbuhan yang cepat, dan peningkatan kebutuhan zat besi jaringan (WHO, 2016). Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan metode quasi eksperimen dengan disain penelitian pre post test control group. Populasi dalam penelitian ini sejumlah 247 responden. Sedangkan sampling yang digunakan adalah 30 responden, 15 responden sebagai kelompok eksperimen dan 15 responden sebagai kelompok kontrol. Hasil: Hasil analisis uji Independen t-test didapatkan nilai p (0,000) < ? (0,05) maka terdapat perbedaan pengaruh yang signifikan antara pemberian tablet Fe dengan jus jambu merah terhadap peningkatan kada Hb pada remaja putri. Kesimpulan: Ada perbedaan pengaruh antara pemberian tablet Fe dengan jus jambu merah terhadap peningkatan kada Hb pada remaja putri. Kata Kunci : tablet Fe, jus jambu merah, anemia, remaja putri
Un brèndolo di storia della nostra lingua
Authors: Paoli Matilde
Published: April 2024

Una lettrice ci scrive dagli Stati Uniti per chiederci il significato della locuzione a brendoli che ha trovato in una novella di Pirandello.
TAXONOMIA DE BLOOM E A APRENDIZAGEM COLABORATIVA NO NOVO ENSINO MÉDIO
Authors: Conceição Eleandro de Jesus , Graf Lucimar , Kimura Débora da Paz Maciel , Guedes Robson Arlam dos Reis
Published: April 2024

Integrar a taxonomia de Bloom ao novo Ensino Médio é muito importante, pois além de permitir mudanças no trabalho do professor, os estudantes passam a interagir de forma mais dinâmica por meio de um método de aprendizado diferente, além disso, na aprendizagem colaborativa, o aluno assume o papel de protagonista. Dessa forma, o objetivo do estudo foi demonstrar as contribuições da Taxonomia de Bloom e da aprendizagem colaborativa no Novo Ensino Médio. Usou-se como método, a Revisão integrativa da literatura, baseou-se nas seguintes perguntas norteadoras: qual a importância da taxonomia de Bloom na aprendizagem dos alunos do Novo Ensino Médio? Quais dificuldades enfrentadas pelos professores diante da educação contemporânea? Para a pesquisa foi utilizada a base de dados Google acadêmico, onde encontrou 280 artigos, utilizando os seguintes descritores: Taxonomia de Bloom+ Ensino Médio+ Novas Metodologias+2015+2022, empregando o operador Booleano AND. Como critério de inclusão, considerou-se estudos publicados a partir do ano de 2015, em qualquer idioma. Foram excluídos artigos repetidos, estudos inconclusivos, ou com alto risco de viés. foram selecionados 10 artigos para compor a revisão final, dos dez estudos selecionados,4 foram aproveitados com razões. A chegada do Novo Ensino médio na Educação do século XXI, veio para contribuir com a evolução do Ensino Brasileiro e impedir que o grande número de evasão e repetência ganhe força no contexto da educação atual. Por tanto, com relação a isso, podemos perceber a grande importância para o desenvolvimento cognitivo, pois integra a aquisição do conhecimento e interage com as habilidades e competências trazidas pela Base Nacional Comum Curricular.
DESVENDANDO A ANEMIA HEMOLÍTICA INDUZIDA POR MEDICAMENTOS
Authors: Novais da Conceição Humberto , Pezzetti Sanchez Diogo Marina , Maximino de Sousa Daniel , Beatriz Nunes Paiva do Amaral Ana , Santana e Silva Maciel Lucas , Vitor Brito Oliveira Xavier De Paula Paulo , Sgarbossa Letícia , Cassiano Alice , Luz Capistrano Brito Yolanda , Eler de Lima Beatriz , Azevedo Guerra Yago , Aparecida Carvalho Santos de Castro Vanessa , Teixeira Dutra Filipe , Pego de Andrade Clara , Gonzaga Feitoza Bruno
Published: April 2024

Introdução: A anemia é caracterizada pela redução da massa eritrocitária, medida pela concentração de hemoglobina (Hb). Suas etiologias são multifatoriais, incluindo deficiências nutricionais, perdas sanguíneas e doenças crônicas. Entre as causas raras e graves, destacam-se as anemias induzidas por fármacos, ocorrendo por interações medicamentosas que desencadeiam a destruição das hemácias. Métodos: Realizou-se uma revisão bibliográfica nas principais bases de dados, resultando na seleção de 20 artigos que abordavam anemia hemolítica induzida por medicamentos. Os critérios de inclusão foram artigos publicados entre 2016 e 2024, disponíveis na íntegra e em inglês, espanhol ou português. Resultados e Discussão: Os antibióticos, especialmente penicilinas e cefalosporinas, são os principais responsáveis pela anemia hemolítica induzida por medicamentos. Mecanismos envolvendo interações medicamentosas levam à destruição imunológica das hemácias. Os sintomas são inespecíficos e variados, incluindo fraqueza, taquicardia e icterícia. O diagnóstico requer a suspeita clínica e exames laboratoriais, como o teste antiglobulina direto. Conclusão: O manejo da anemia hemolítica induzida por medicamentos envolve a suspensão do fármaco causador, podendo ser necessária a administração de glicocorticoides em casos graves. Terapias de segunda linha, como esplenectomia ou imunossupressores, são consideradas em situações de resistência ao tratamento inicial. A colaboração interdisciplinar é essencial para um manejo eficaz e individualizado.
Caracterização dos atributos morfológicos, físicos e químicos de Neossolos Quartzarênicos do distrito de Chibuto-Moçambique
Authors: Comissal Hortêncio Pedro , Hlavanguane Agostinho Cardoso , Mutatiua Keven Joaquim
Published: April 2024

Para monitorar a qualidade do solo devido a exploração antrópica, informações gerais baseadas em unidades e classes de solos, são insuficientes para tomar decisões sobre adubações, fertilizações, correções e contaminação ambiental localmente. Em Moçambique, distrito de Chibuto, praticam se a agropecuária e recentemente a mineração de zircónio, titânio e ferro de areias pesadas cujos impactos devem ser monitorados a partir de indicadores de base como o solo. Com o objectivo de caracterizar os atributos morfológicos, físicos e químicos dos solos para fornecer informações para gestão sustentável e monitoramento ambiental, foram abertos quatro perfis de solo, em 2019, colectadas amostras indeformadas e deformadas dos horizontes. Quanto a morfologia do solo foram estudadas a cor, estrutura, consistência seca, húmida e molhada. Determinou se a granulometria (argila, silte e areia) pelo método do densímetro, densidade do solo (Dg) pelo método da proveta, densidade da partícula (Dp) pelo método do balão volumétrico, argila dispersa em água (ADA). A areia foi fraccionada em muito grossa, grossa, média, fina e muito fina. Foram calculados o grau de floculação (GF), relação silte/argila (S/A) e porosidade. Os atributos químicos foram pH (H2O e KCl), CEes, CTC, CTCef, P-disponível, Corg e matéria orgânica do solo. Os solos são profundos sem contacto litológico, vermelhos, soltos e friáveis, abundam minerais máficos atraídos pelo imã, textura arenosa, erodíveis e baixa porosidade. Os solos são ácidos, com cargas negativas, baixa CEes, extremamente pobres em nutrientes, distróficos, média CTC dominada por alumínio trocável, muito baixo teor de fósforo, óptimo teor de carbono orgânico e matéria orgânica. Os solos classificam se como Neossolo Quartzarênicos Órtico típico, cuja produtividade está dependente da calagem, gessagem e incremento de matéria orgânica do solo.
Strengthening AI via ToM and MC dimensions
Authors: Bamicha Victoria , Drigas Athanasios
Published: April 2024

Theory of Mind (ToM) highlights the social-cognitive ability of the individual to communicate and interact effectively with the members of each social group. Essentially, it is the cornerstone of social knowledge that allows the recognition and understanding of the thoughts, intentions, and feelings of all involved, promoting social interaction and engagement. Metacognition (MC) is a higher mental ability of the biological mind and is characterized by the observation, control, evaluation, differentiation, and readjustment of the cognitive mechanism, aiming at its optimal performance and maintaining the homeostasis of mental, social, and emotional becoming of an organism. The rapid development of technology in recent decades has promoted the development of Artificial Intelligence (AI) intertwined with the need to integrate ToM and MC capabilities, enriching human communication. This paper investigates how the above-described human cognitive functions are involved in the conception and development of an artificial agent and their influence on human society. The conclusions suggest the importance of being able to read beliefs, emotions, and other factors, but also introspection by an intelligent system for social benefit, including the necessary ethical constraints.
Recursos de memoria, las series fotográficas Arqueología de la ausencia de Lucila Quieto y Río-Montevideo de Rosângela Rennó
Authors: Lepra Valeria
Published: April 2024

Las obras que se tratan en este texto operan como motivación para revisar un conjunto de temas-problema de interés para el arte contemporáneo y que vendrían a ejemplificarlos. Se trata de las series fotográficas Río-Montevideo (2011) de Rosângela Rennó y Arqueología de la ausencia (1999-2001) de Lucila Quieto. Para ambos casos cuestiones vinculadas a las nociones de “archivo” y “memoria”; “intertextualidad”, “sinécdoque” y “elipsis”; e “intermedialidad”, permiten abordar aspectos teóricos y materiales de las obras y se configuran como vías de acceso. El abordaje se presenta como una operación de bricolage, que pone en juego diferentes tradiciones y modelos interpretativos al apoyarse en aportes de Andrea Giunta, Jacques Derrida y Florencia Garramuño; Elizabeth Jelin y Nelly Richard; Julia Kristeva y Roland Barthes; Claudia Kozak e Irina Rajewsky.
Lectura Conjunta como Promotora de la Adquisición del Lenguaje Infantil
Authors: Ferreira Velasco Ervin , Suárez-Brito Paloma , Valdés González Tania , Alva Canto Elda Alicia
Published: April 2024

El objetivo de la presente investigación fue analizar la influencia de la producción verbal de los cuidadores sobre la producción léxica de infantes (30 a 48 meses) mediante una actividad de lectura conjunta. Método: participaron 249 diadas (cuidador-infante) y se utilizaron las unidades de análisis type (número de palabras diferentes producidas sin repetirse) y token (número total de palabras producidas). Se observaron correlaciones estadísticamente significativas en todas las categorías gramaticales producidas por las diadas, así como el efecto de la producción verbal del cuidador sobre la del infante. Los resultados resaltan la importancia e influencia de los cuidadores sobre la producción verbal infantil, siendo la producción verbal de los adultos un predictor significativo del desarrollo de lenguaje de infantes entre tres y cuatro años cuando interactúan en contextos de lectura conjunta.
A phenomenological study of resident and faculty experiences with learner engagement in the normalization of workplace-based assessment
Authors: Mc Donald Melissa , Muir Fiona
Published: April 2024

Background: Workplace-based assessments (WPBA) have become integral to learner-centred medical education. As previous research has linked learner engagement to WPBA implementation, this study explores residents’ and faculty members’ experiences with learner engagement in the normalisation of WPBA practice.
Methods: Transcendental phenomenology was used as the qualitative approach, focusing on the participants’ lived experiences. A semi-structured interview guide was used to interview five faculty members and five residents who had conducted WPBA. The interviews were transcribed and analysed using phenomenological data analysis.
Results: Three themes were identified between learner engagement and WPBA conduct: (a) work environment, (b) roles and relationships, and (c) mutually beneficial teaching and learning. WPBA learner engagement occurred when participants interacted with each other and with the clinical setting to facilitate teaching and learning. Both participant groups reported a desire to participate in WPBA, but time constraints at times hindered participation. The residents indicated that WPBA improved their knowledge and admitted to experiencing negative emotions during the assessment. Overall, participants recognised the reciprocal benefits of WPBA participation for their professional development.
Conclusion: The findings of the study suggest that learner engagement influences the use of WPBA. Consequently, it may be beneficial to consider the role of learner engagement to normalise WPBA application for teaching and learning in the clinical context.
Thriving Together: a novel workshop to improve cohesion and class culture in medical school cohorts
Authors: Herod Tyler , Henderson Brett , Donovan Matthew , Sahiti Qëndresa , Ford Zachary , McDermott Emma
Published: April 2024

Implication Statement
Thriving Together, a workshop for first year medical students, addresses crucial aspects of class culture early into medical school. Through small group discussions, this student-led event creates a safe space for open dialogue and self-reflection. Participants gain valuable insights into classmates’ perspectives and how to foster communication, empathy, and improved class cultures. These lessons are likely to transfer into future practice through enhanced conflict-resolution and relationship-building skills, contributing to higher-quality patient care. Because Thriving Together can readily be adopted elsewhere, we encourage other medical schools to conduct similar workshops to help in addressing an otherwise neglected aspect of medical education.
Exploring the mechanical strength, antimicrobial performance, and bioactivity of 3D-printed silicon nitride-PEEK composites in cervical spinal cages
Authors: Basgul Cemile , DeSantis Paul , Derr Tabitha , J. Hickok Noreen , M. Bock Ryan , M. Kurtz Steven
Published: April 2024

 In this study, our goal was to assess the suitability of a polyether-ether-ketone (PEEK) and silicon nitride (Si3N4) polymer composite for antimicrobial three-dimensional (3D)-printed cervical cages. Generic cage designs (PEEK and 15 vol.% Si3N4-PEEK) were 3D-printed, including solid and porous cage designs. Cages were tested in static compression, compression shear, and torsion per ASTM F2077. For antibacterial testing, virgin and composite filament samples were inoculated with Staphylococcus epidermidis and Escherichia coli. In vitro cell testing was conducted using MC3T3-E1 mouse preosteoblasts, where cell proliferation, cumulative mineralization, and osteogenic activity were measured. The 3D-printed PEEK and Si3N4-PEEK cages exhibited adequate mechanical strength for all designs, exceeding 14.7 kN in compression and 6.9 kN in compression shear. Si3N4-PEEK exhibited significantly lower bacterial adhesion levels, with a 93.9% reduction (1.21 log), and enhanced cell proliferation when compared to PEEK. Si3N4-PEEK would allow for custom fabrication of 3D-printed spinal implants that reduce the risk of infection compared to unfilled PEEK or metallic alloys.
 
Gamified inoculation reduces susceptibility to misinformation from political ingroups
Authors: Traberg Cecilie Steenbuch , Roozenbeek Jon , van der Linden Sander
Published: April 2024

Psychological inoculation interventions, which seek to pre-emptively build resistance against unwanted persuasion attempts, have shown promise in reducing susceptibility to misinformation. However, as many people receive news from popular, mainstream ingroup sources (e.g., a left-wing person consuming left-wing media) which may host misleading or false content, and as ingroup sources may be more persuasive, the impact of source effects on inoculation interventions demands attention. In this experiment, we find that although news consumers are more susceptible to (non-political) misinformation from political ingroup publishers pre-intervention, gamified inoculation successfully improves veracity discernment and reduces susceptibility to misinformation from both political ingroup and outgroup publishers.
Strategic Competition and Crisis Wargame: Integrating a Dynamic Reputation Model to Enhance the Strategic Competition and Crisis Wargame for the Center for Army Analysis
Authors: Bell Mary , Braun Luke , Lake Thomas , Lieberman Chaney , Mulisa Ruganzu , Schreck William , McClary Matthew , Morales Ricardo
Published: April 2024

The Center for Army Analysis (CAA) developed the Strategic Competition and Crisis (SC2) Wargame to address shortcomings in the U.S. Army’s strategic planning during competition and crisis. This capstone enhanced the SC2 Wargame over the course of two years. Last year, the capstone developed a dynamic, perspective-based reputation model designed for integration into SC2. This year, the capstone integrated the model to produce a more efficient, objective-focused wargame that optimizes strategic learning for senior military leaders. Building off the work from the previous year, this capstone combined tools from the Systems Decision Process with the theoretical framework within the Defense and Strategic Studies Department to create and implement an improved product. Analysis of the original framework of the game uncovered three improvement areas that address each component of gameplay: strategy-focused player guidebooks, a realistic negotiations-pairing process, and real-time feedback through a Player Dashboard.
Emerging roles of type 1 innate lymphoid cells in tumour pathogenesis and cancer immunotherapy
Authors: Verner James Michael , Arbuthnott Harry Frederick , Ramachandran Raghavskandhan , Bharadwaj Manini , Chaudhury Natasha , Jou Eric
Published: April 2024

Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are the most recently discovered class of innate immune cells found to have prominent roles in various human immune-related pathologies such as infection and autoimmune diseases. However, their role in cancer was largely unclear until recently, where several emerging studies over the past few years unanimously demonstrate ILCs to be critical players in tumour immunity. Being the innate counterpart of T cells, ILCs are potent cytokine producers through which they orchestrate the overall immune response upstream of adaptive immunity thereby modulating T cell function. Out of the major ILC subsets, ILC1s have gained significant traction as potential immunotherapeutic candidates due to their central involvement with the anti-tumour type 1 immune response. ILC1s are potent producers of the well-established anti-tumour cytokine interferon γ (IFNγ), and exert direct cytotoxicity against cancer cells in response to the cytokine interleukin-15 (IL-15). However, in advanced diseases, ILC1s are found to demonstrate an exhausted phenotype in the tumour microenvironment (TME) with impaired effector functions, characterised by decreased responsiveness to cytokines and reduced IFNγ production. Tumour cells produce immunomodulatory cytokines such as transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) and IL-23, and through these suppress ILC1 anti-tumour actfivities and converts ILC1s to pro-tumoural ILC3s respectively, resulting in disease progression. This review provides a comprehensive overview of ILC1s in tumour immunity, and discusses the exciting prospects of harnessing ILC1s for cancer immunotherapy, either alone or in combination with cytokine-based treatment. The exciting prospects of targeting the upstream innate immune system through ILC1s may surmount the limitations associated with adaptive immune T cell-based strategies used in the clinic currently, and overcome cancer immunotherapeutic resistance.
Minocycline in the eradication of Helicobacter pylori infection: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Zhou Kai , Li Cai-Ling , Zhang Hua , Suo Bao-Jun , Zhang Yu-Xin , Ren Xin-Lu , Wang Yu-Xin , Mi Chang-Min , Ma Ling-Ling , Zhou Li-Ya , Tian Xue-Li , Song Zhi-Qiang
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND

Difficulty in obtaining tetracycline, increased adverse reactions, and relatively complicated medication methods have limited the clinical application of the classic bismuth quadruple therapy. Therefore, the search for new alternative drugs has become one of the research hotspots. In recent years, minocycline, as a semisynthetic tetracycline, has demonstrated good potential for eradicating Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori ) infection, but the systematic evaluation of its role remains lacking.

AIM

To explore the efficacy, safety, and compliance of minocycline in eradicating H. pylori infection.

METHODS

We comprehensively retrieved the electronic databases of PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, SinoMed, and Wanfang database as of October 30, 2023, and finally included 22 research reports on H. pylori eradication with minocycline-containing regimens as per the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The eradication rates of H. pylori were calculated using a fixed or a random effect model, and the heterogeneity and publication bias of the studies were measured.

RESULTS

The single-arm meta-analysis revealed that the minocycline-containing regimens achieved good overall H. pylori eradication rates, reaching 82.3% [95% confidence interval (CI): 79.7%-85.1%] in the intention-to-treat analysis and 90.0% (95%CI: 87.7%-92.4%) in the per-protocol analysis. The overall safety and compliance of the minocycline-containing regimens were good, demonstrating an overall incidence of adverse reactions of 36.5% (95%CI: 31.5%-42.2%). Further by traditional meta-analysis, the results showed that the minocycline-containing regimens were not statistically different from other commonly used eradication regimens in eradication rate and incidence of adverse effects. Most of the adverse reactions were mild to moderate and well-tolerated, and dizziness was relatively prominent in the minocycline-containing regimens (16%).

CONCLUSION

The minocycline-containing regimens demonstrated good efficacy, safety, and compliance in H. pylori eradication. Minocycline has good potential to replace tetracycline for eradicating H. pylori infection.
Perancangan Ulang Desain Kursi Roda Untuk Penderita Stroke Dengan Menggunakan Metode Kano
Authors: Ratna Agil  , Hari Purnomo
Published: April 2024

Data di Indonesia memperlihatkan bahwa penyakit stroke menjadi salah satu faktor kematian terbanyak ketiga dengan angka kematian sebanyak 138.268 jiwa atau 9,7% dari total kematian. Stroke merupakan kelainan pada fungsional tubuh yang terjadi secara mendadak disebabkan oleh adanya gangguan vaskular dalam kekurangan oksigen terhadap otak yang berlangsung lebih dari satu hari, sehingga dengan itu hal ini mengakibatkan adanya kerusakan sistem pada jaringan otak. Kursi roda merupakan alat bantu yang kerap banyak digunakan oleh penderita stroke dalam melakukan aktivitas kegiatan sehari-harinya. Akan tetapi kursi roda pada umumnya belum efektif dalam memenuhi mobilitas yang dibutuhkan penderita stroke. Penulis melakukan penelitian dalam membuat perancangan ulang terhadap perbaikan kursi roda yang dapat disesuaikan dengan kebutuhan penderita stroke. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode kano untuk mengetahui urgensi masing-masing atribut berdasarkan voice of customer yang telah diperoleh sebelumnya. Hasil penelitian diperoleh bahwa atribut kebutuhan kursi roda yang dibutuhkan penderita stroke diantaranya yaitu adanya sistem multifungsi pada kursi roda, memiliki double rem, kursi roda yang dapat dilipat, massa kursi roda yang ringan, bantalan yang nyaman, kerangka yang kuat dan alas ban yang kasar. Sehingga ketujuh atribut tersebut dapat dijadikan landasan perancangan ulang kursi roda bagi penderita stroke.
A CONSTRUÇÃO, O ÁPICE E A DECADÊNCIA DE UMA COALIZÃO DE DEFESADA SAÚDE
Authors: CRUZ Sylvio Augusto de Mattos
Published: April 2024

Este trabalho tem por objetivo compreender como o Movimento Sanitário viabilizou a criação de uma coalizão de defesa para a universalização do acesso à saúde pública. Com este intuito, propomo-nos a analisar as articulações por ele realizadas no compartilhamento de crenças e na realização de um processo de aprendizado contínuo com diferentes atores, em torno da questão da saúde. O processo de aprendizagem política viabilizou a ampliação do número de conexões com variados atores em um processo de intensa negociação de recursos. Ao longo dessas negociações, o Movimento Sanitário foi elaborando alternativas para a formulação de uma nova política pública de saúde. Mesmo diante da permanência do regime autoritário e das características perversas que constituíam o sistema de saúde; o Movimento Sanitário se articulou e possibilitou a abertura de uma janela de oportunidade para a criação de um sistema de acesso universal à saúde. Somente a partir da Constituição de 1988 é que a saúde foi reconhecida como um direito social, ficando a cargo do Estado assegurar o amplo acesso a todos os brasileiros. Até então o Sistema Nacional de Saúde se caracterizava por ser insuficiente no atendimento da população, mal distribuído, com atuação descoordenada, ineficiente quanto à utilização dos recursos, autoritário, fortemente centralizado, corrupto e injusto. Tal alcance se configurou numa das maiores conquistas do Movimento Sanitário. Assim, tal arcabouço teórico vai nos possibilitar a compreensão da capacidade que o Movimento Sanitário teve na construção de uma coalizão de atores que compartilhavam um sistema de crenças sobre a necessidade de democratizar o acesso à saúde.
Green Engineering with Nanofluids: Elevating Energy Efficiency and Sustainability
Authors: Lingenthiran Samylingam  , Navid Aslfattahi  , Chee Kuang Kok  , Kumaran Kadirgama  , Norazlianie Sazali  , Michal Schmirler  , Devarajan Ramasamy  , Wan Sharuzi Wan Harun  , Mahendran Samykano  , A.S. Veerendra  , Semin
Published: April 2024

Colloidal suspensions of nanoparticles in a base fluid, known as nanofluids, have gained attention as a promising green technology with a lot of promise to address issues with sustainability and energy efficiency in a variety of industries. The main features and uses of nanofluids as a sustainable solution are summarized in this paper. Due to their high thermal conductivity and high surface area to volume ratio, nanoparticles give off exceptional thermal and heat transmission capabilities. They are a desirable option for boosting the effectiveness of heat exchange systems, such as refrigeration, air conditioning, and cooling in electronic equipment, due to their improved qualities. Higher heat transfer rates and lower energy consumption can be achieved by using nanofluids as coolants or heat transfer fluids, which lowers greenhouse gas emissions and energy expenditures. Nanofluids have also found use in the realm of renewable energy, where they can improve the performance of geothermal and solar thermal collectors. The capture and conversion of renewable energy sources can be greatly enhanced by using nanofluids as working fluids in these systems, helping to create a greener and more sustainable energy landscape. Additionally, environmental cleanup and pollution management could benefit from the use of nanofluids. They are appropriate for uses including wastewater treatment, oil spill cleanup, and air purification because of their special features that allow for effective heat transfer and pollutant absorption. Furthermore, nanofluids can significantly contribute to lowering the amount of water and energy used in industrial operations, thus advancing sustainability objectives. The numerous uses of nanofluids as a green technology are highlighted in this paper, with an emphasis on their potential to improve energy efficiency, lessen environmental impact, and contribute to a more sustainable future. As this area of study and development develops, nanofluids will be in a position to play a crucial part in resolving the urgent problems of our day.
Something out of nothing
Authors: Pils Holger , Jeschke Lisa
Published: April 2024

Written from within Lyrik Kabinett, Munich, holding the second-largest poetry library in Europe, this essay provides a practice-based perspective on how the concept of ›literature as social practice‹ can find
articulation in an institutional setting. Starting with a brief overview of poetry libraries internationally, the contribution subsequently focuses in on the artist’s book and poetry holdings at Lyrik Kabinett,
our user and audience engagement, and on the way we initiate contemporary poetic responses to poetic histories. The concept of social practice is thereby also given a diachronic perspective, yet one that is attentive
to the significance of decanonisation as much as of canonisation.