bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Kroppens sprog
Authors: Winther Helle
Published: April 2024

Denne artikel giver indsigt i, hvorfor og hvordan kroppen har betydning for kommunikation og lederskab i pædagogisk praksis. Igennem artiklen udfoldes et kalejdoskop af teoretiske begreber og praksisnære fortællinger. En bevægelsespsykologisk tilgang til kommunikation og lederskab kan åbne for en øget opmærksomhed på det følelsesmættede sprog, herunder vigtigheden af, at den professionelle kan bevare en kropsligt forankret ro. Her kan opmærksomheden på pædagogisk takt og professionspersonlig ledelseskompetence være med til at give børn og unge en oplevelse af at blive mødt. Fortællingerne favner betydningsfulde øjeblikke og sætter især fokus på sammenhængen mellem sårbarhed, mod og åbenhjertet lederskab. Formålet er at åbne for undren, genkendelse og refleksion.
Legens bevægelser i skolen
Authors: Skovbjerg Helle Marie , Sand Anne-Lene , Jensen Jens-Ole
Published: April 2024

På baggrund af forskeres og pædagogers design for leg og længerevarende observationer af børns leg i skolen bidrager denne artikel til en ny måde at forstå børns leg i skolen på. I artiklen fungerer begreberne legeorden og legepraksis som linse for børns forbindelser, forhandlinger og invitationer i leg som praktiseres verbalt og kropsligt. Hermed giver artiklens analyser indblik i legens bevægelige og improvisatoriske kvaliteter. Ifølge artiklens forfattere kan leg få bedre betingelser for at udfolde sig, hvis skolen giver børnekroppene plads til at bevæge sig og mulighed for at udfolde sig i improvisatoriske spor, og at de fagprofessionelle kan indgå i de spor på relevante måder for legen.
Views from the other side
Authors: Bolin Niklas , Nord Lars
Published: April 2024

The study explores the perspectives of political parties regarding news media coverage in election campaigns. By analyzing official post-election analyses produced by Swedish political parties from 2010 to 2022, the study offers a novel approach to the study of political party views of news media. The findings largely support the arguments proposed by mediatization literature, highlighting the significance of media in party communication. Parties display eagerness to attract positive media attention while expressing regret over inadequate or negative publicity. More surprisingly, there is a lack of references to media bias in the reports, suggesting that the hostile media effect is not a major concern among Swedish parties. Despite criticisms related to irrelevant reporting and perceived negative coverage, party perceptions towards the media remains predominantly neutral. The study contributes to the understanding of the complex relationship between political parties and news media in the context of election campaigns.
Status prawnoﬁnansowy Biura Bezpieczeństwa Narodowego
Authors: Duda-Hyz Michalina
Published: April 2024

Celem artykułu była analiza statusu prawnego i finansowego Biura Bezpieczeństwa Narodowego, czyli urzędu realizującego zadania wynikające z konstytucyjnie określonej roli Prezydenta RP jako najwyższego zwierzchnika sił zbrojnych oraz strażnika suwerenności i bezpieczeństwa państwa. Przedstawiono również i prze­analizowano genezę BBN, a także jego status prawny i finansowy. Realizacja celów badawczych pozwoliła na sformułowanie wniosku, że brak wyodrębnienia finan­sowego Biura stwarza poważne problemy w prowadzeniu gospodarki finansowej, a także skłoniła do sformułowania propozycji modyfikacji statusu finansowego instytucji.
Homelessness, Poverty and Transgender Persons: Qualitative Evidence from the Garima Greh of Rajasthan under the SMILE Scheme, India
Authors: Sharda Swati , Marisport A.
Published: April 2024

Sexual and gender minorities in India have been victims of homelessness and poverty post­independence. Studies have shown that these factors have often found the transgender persons in a state of marginalization and also become subjects of Crime. The Indian government post the Transgender Persons’ (Protec­tion of Rights) Act, 2019 has established shelter homes for providing skill and livelihood opportunities to the transgender persons for a short term. This study delves into the working model of the Garima Greh of Rajasthan. The transgender persons find these shelter homes safe, learning space and a second innings to their lives. Such establishments have helped the community members to come out of homelessness and acquire skills for leading a better life ahead. Despite of becoming a success from the inception year itself, it has been studied that these homes are struggling due to lack of regular financial and administrative support by the government.
Fabrykowanie i fałszowanie badań naukowych – wyzwanie dla ustawodawcy czy nieistotny problem?
Authors: Skarbek Oskar
Published: April 2024

Artykuł porusza problem fabrykowania i fałszowania badań naukowych w kon­tekście roli, jaką ustawodawca może odegrać w zwalczaniu tego zjawiska. Prawodawca może ustanowić jednostki organizacyjne przeznaczone do walki z nierzetelnością w nauce wyposażone przykładowo w kompetencje do prowadzenia postępowań wyjaśniających czy rekomendowania kar. Naukowiec dopuszczający się takich prze­winień może spotkać się nie tylko z odpowiedzialnością dyscyplinarną, ale rów­nież cywilną, administracyjną czy karną. W artykule przedstawiono wyniki badań ankietowych, w których zapytano 70 polskich nauczycieli akademickich o ich opinię w sprawie roli ustawodawcy w przeciwdziałaniu fabrykacjom i fałszerstwom w nauce. Wyniki ankiety pokazują m.in., że respondenci w większości popierają odpowiedzialność dyscyplinarną za tego rodzaju przewinienia (81%), a także uważają, że ustawodawca powinien zwalczać to zjawisko miękkimi środkami, np. promu­jąc kodeksy etyki naukowej (70%). Połowa ankietowanych chce penalizacji takich zachowań. Zdaniem niemal połowy respondentów polski ustawodawca nie przeciw­działa skutecznie tego rodzaju przewinieniom.
BMP signaling maintains auricular chondrocyte identity and prevents microtia development by inhibiting protein kinase A
Authors: Yang Ruichen , Chu Hongshang , Yue Hua , Mishina Yuji , Zhang Zhenlin , Liu Huijuan , Li Baojie
Published: April 2024

Elastic cartilage constitutes a major component of the external ear, which functions to guide sound to the middle and inner ears. Defects in auricle development cause congenital microtia, which affects hearing and appearance in patients. Mutations in several genes have been implicated in microtia development, yet, the pathogenesis of this disorder remains incompletely understood. Here, we show that
Prrx1
genetically marks auricular chondrocytes in adult mice. Interestingly, BMP-Smad1/5/9 signaling in chondrocytes is increasingly activated from the proximal to distal segments of the ear, which is associated with a decrease in chondrocyte regenerative activity. Ablation of
Bmpr1a
in auricular chondrocytes led to chondrocyte atrophy and microtia development at the distal part. Transcriptome analysis revealed that
Bmpr1a
deficiency caused a switch from the chondrogenic program to the osteogenic program, accompanied by enhanced protein kinase A activation, likely through increased expression of
Adcy5/8
. Inhibition of PKA blocked chondrocyte-to-osteoblast transformation and microtia development. Moreover, analysis of single-cell RNA-seq of human microtia samples uncovered enriched gene expression in the PKA pathway and chondrocyte-to-osteoblast transformation process. These findings suggest that auricle cartilage is actively maintained by BMP signaling, which maintains chondrocyte identity by suppressing osteogenic differentiation.
A parametrized two-domain thermodynamic model explains diverse mutational effects on protein allostery
Authors: Liu Zhuang , Gillis Thomas , Raman Srivatsan , Cui Qiang
Published: April 2024

New experimental findings continue to challenge our understanding of protein allostery. Recent deep mutational scanning study showed that allosteric hotspots in the tetracycline repressor (TetR) and its homologous transcriptional factors are broadly distributed rather than spanning well-defined structural pathways as often assumed. Moreover, hotspot mutation-induced allostery loss was rescued by distributed additional mutations in a degenerate fashion. Here, we develop a two-domain thermodynamic model for TetR, which readily rationalizes these intriguing observations. The model accurately captures the in vivo activities of various mutants with changes in physically transparent parameters, allowing the data-based quantification of mutational effects using statistical inference. Our analysis reveals the intrinsic connection of intra- and inter-domain properties for allosteric regulation and illustrate epistatic interactions that are consistent with structural features of the protein. The insights gained from this study into the nature of two-domain allostery are expected to have broader implications for other multidomain allosteric proteins.
Associative plasticity of granule cell inputs to cerebellar Purkinje cells
Authors: Conti Rossella , Auger Céline
Published: April 2024

Granule cells of the cerebellum make up to 175,000 excitatory synapses on a single Purkinje cell, encoding the wide variety of information from the mossy fibre inputs into the cerebellar cortex. The granule cell axon is made of an ascending portion and a long parallel fibre extending at right angles, an architecture suggesting that synapses formed by the two segments of the axon could encode different information. There are controversial indications that ascending axon (AA) and parallel fibre (PF) synapse properties and modalities of plasticity are different. We tested the hypothesis that AA and PF synapses encode different information, and that the association of these distinct inputs to Purkinje cells might be relevant to the circuit and trigger plasticity, similar to the coincident activation of PF and climbing fibre inputs. Here, by recording synaptic currents in Purkinje cells from either proximal or distal granule cells (mostly AA and PF synapses, respectively), we describe a new form of associative plasticity between these two distinct granule cell inputs. We show for the first time that synchronous AA and PF repetitive train stimulation, with inhibition intact, triggers long-term potentiation (LTP) at AA synapses specifically. Furthermore, the timing of the presentation of the two inputs controls the outcome of plasticity and induction requires NMDAR and mGluR1 activation. The long length of the PFs allows us to preferentially activate the two inputs independently, and despite a lack of morphological reconstruction of the connections, these observations reinforce the suggestion that AA and PF synapses have different coding capabilities and plasticity that is associative, enabling effective association of information transmitted via granule cells.
Focal adhesion-derived liquid-liquid phase separations regulate mRNA translation
Authors: Kumar Abhishek , Tanaka Keiichiro , Schwartz Martin A
Published: April 2024

Liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) has emerged as a major organizing principle in cells. Recent work showed that multiple components of integrin-mediated focal adhesions including p130Cas can form LLPS, which govern adhesion dynamics and related cell behaviors. In this study, we found that the focal adhesion protein p130Cas drives formation of structures with the characteristics of LLPS that bud from focal adhesions into the cytoplasm. Condensing concentrated cytoplasm around p130Cas-coated beads allowed their isolation, which were enriched in a subset of focal adhesion proteins, mRNAs and RNA binding proteins, including those implicated in inhibiting mRNA translation. Plating cells on very high concentrations of fibronectin to induce large focal adhesions inhibited message translation which required p130Cas and correlated with droplet formation. Photo-induction of p130Cas condensates using the Cry2 system also reduced translation. These results identify a novel regulatory mechanism in which high adhesion limits message translation via induction of p130Cas-dependent cytoplasmic LLPS. This mechanism may contribute to the quiescent state of very strongly adhesive myofibroblasts and senescent cells.
Algoritmo de manejo hospitalario para la intoxicación aguda por Paraquat® en población pediátrica, serie de casos
Authors: Padilla-Guzmán Alejandro , Prado Olga L. , Ballesteros David , Rivera Viviana , Bravo Yessica , Murillo Luisa , Narváez Sandra , Forero Jessica M.
Published: April 2024

El dicloruro de 1,1’-dimetil-4,4’-bipiridilo (Paraquat®) es un compuesto químico de la familia de las piridinas, utilizado como herbicida no selectivo y desecante. Este compuesto puede causar intoxicación aguda por todas las vías de exposición. En el momento, no hay un antídoto conocido y los tratamientos disponibles, incluidos los pediátricos, se basan en contrarrestar su absorción y propiciar su remoción oportuna.Se describe una serie de casos de 14 pacientes pediátricos, procedentes en su mayoría del departamento del Cauca, con intoxicación aguda por ingestión de paraquat. Los pacientes fueron remitidos y atendidos en un hospital de mediana a alta complejidad en el suroccidente colombiano, con un protocolo institucional para el manejo de la intoxicación aguda por el herbicida.La intoxicación aguda con paraquat por vía oral se asocia con una alta tasa de mortalidad, aún con atención médica oportuna, pues fácilmente se alcanzan concentraciones sistémicas para ser fulminante. Basado en la literatura disponible, el Hospital Universitario San José ha propuesto un protocolo clínico –adecuado para la intoxicación aguda por paraquat en población pediátrica– que incluye manejo estándar temprano, tratamiento inmunosupresor y antioxidante, y técnicas para su remoción sistémica.
Severe adenovirus infection outbreak in Colombia: Experience from a tertiary pediatric hospital in 2022
Authors: Vélez-Tirado Natalia , Castaño-Jaramillo Lina , Restrepo-Gualteros Sonia , Alcalá-Lozano Catalina , Ruge Erika , Puente Carolina , Li-Zeng Diana , Chaparro-Arce Diego , Beltrán-Dimas María Camila , López Juan Francisco , Luengas-Monroy Miguel , Galvis-Trujillo Diego , Gutiérrez-Tobar Iván , Vásquez-Hoyos Pablo , Camacho-Moreno Germán
Published: April 2024

Introduction. During the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, many countries experienced decreased respiratory virus circulation, followed by an out-of-season outbreak. In a pediatric hospital in Colombia, we observed a surge in severe adenovirus infections, leading to concerns about the impact of eased public health restrictions and immune debt in children under five years old.Objective. To describe the clinical characteristics of patients with severe adenovirus infection in a pediatric hospital in Colombia.Materials and methods. We reviewed the data of 227 patients with severe adenovirus infection at the Fundación Hospital Pediátrico La Misericordia.Results. A total of 196 patients were included in this study. The median age was two years, and 62% were male. Adenoviruses were isolated from all patients’ samples. Ninetyseven percent were admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit, 94% required respiratory support, and the in-hospital lethality rate was 11%.Conclusion. In 2022, there was an outbreak of severe adenovirus infections, affecting mainly children under five years of age, with higher-than-usual mortality.
Defenses of whirligig beetles against native and invasive frogs
Authors: Sugiura Shinji , Hayashi Masakazu
Published: April 2024

Many native insects have evolved defenses against native predators. However, their defenses may not protect them from non-native predators due to a limited shared history. The American bullfrog, Aquarana catesbeiana (Anura: Ranidae), which has been intentionally introduced to many countries, is believed to impact native aquatic animals through direct predation. Adults of whirligig beetles (Coleoptera: Gyrinidae), known for swimming and foraging on the water surface of ponds and streams, reportedly possess chemical defenses against aquatic predators, such as fish. Although whirligig beetles potentially encounter both bullfrogs and other frogs in ponds and lakes, the effectiveness of their defenses against frogs has been rarely studied. To assess whether whirligig beetles can defend against native and non-native frogs, we observed the behavioral responses of the native pond frog, Pelophylax nigromaculatus (Anura: Ranidae), and the invasive non-native bullfrog, A. catesbeiana, to native whirligig beetles, Gyrinus japonicus and Dineutus orientalis, in Japan. Adults of whirligig beetles were provided to frogs under laboratory conditions. Forty percent of G. japonicus and D.orientalis were rejected by P. nigromaculatus, while all whirligig beetles were easily consumed by A. catesbeiana. Chemical and other secondary defenses of G. japonicus and D. orientalis were effective for some individuals of P. nigromaculatus but not for any individuals of A. catesbeiana. These results suggest that native whirligig beetles suffer predation by invasive non-native bullfrogs in local ponds and lakes in Japan.
Marine introgressions and Andean uplift have driven diversification in neotropical Monkey tree frogs (Anura, Phyllomedusinae)
Authors: Almeida-Silva Diego , Servino Leonardo Matheus , Pontes-Nogueira Matheus , Sawaya Ricardo J.
Published: April 2024

The species richness in the Neotropics has been linked to environmental heterogeneity and a complex geological history. We evaluated which biogeographic processes were associated with the diversification of Monkey tree frogs, an endemic clade from the Neotropics. We tested two competing hypotheses: the diversification of Phyllomedusinae occurred either in a “south-north” or a “north-south” direction in the Neotropics. We also hypothesized that marine introgressions and Andean uplift had a crucial role in promoting their diversification. We used 13 molecular markers in a Bayesian analysis to infer phylogenetic relationships among 57 species of Phyllomedusinae and to estimate their divergence times. We estimated ancestral ranges based on 12 biogeographic units considering the landscape modifications of the Neotropical region. We found that the Phyllomedusinae hypothetical ancestor range was probably widespread throughout South America, from Western Amazon to Southern Atlantic Forest, at 29.5 Mya. The Phyllomedusines’ ancestor must have initially diverged through vicariance, generally followed by jump-dispersals and sympatric speciation. Dispersal among areas occurred mostly from Western Amazonia towards Northern Andes and the South American diagonal of dry landscapes, a divergent pattern from both "south-north" and "north-south" diversification hypotheses. Our results revealed a complex diversification process of Monkey tree frogs, occurring simultaneously with the orogeny of Northern Andes and the South American marine introgressions in the last 30 million years.
Actitud, juego y flujo: consideraciones interpretativas para problemas actorales
Authors:   , Cerda Esparza Luis Enrique
Published: April 2024

La presente investigación busca reflexionar y analizar determinados problemas que obstaculicen el desenvolvimiento creativo de actores y actrices durante el periodo de ensayos de un montaje teatral, articulando factores actitudinales, juego escénico y estados de experiencia óptima como estrategias interpretativas para su resolución. Se indaga en aquellas fuentes que eventualmente puedan producir inseguridad, incertidumbre y desconexión, proponiendo mecanismos lúdicos acordes con la condición de intérprete como sujeto y objeto de la obra artística. Su aplicación está orientada a actores en circunstancias que puedan ser percibidas como desfavorables o poco propicias para el desarrollo creativo. Por consiguiente, se consideran las habilidades propias del profesional de la actuación y aquellos aspectos de su personalidad y de su psiquis que interfieren en la correcta ejecución de tales competencias. Se intenta establecer el estado de flujo o experiencia de goce (Csikszentmihalyi, 1990) como eje, motor y punto de apoyo desde el cual observar las múltiples posibilidades creativas durante el juego escénico. A partir de estos objetivos, se problematiza la idea de que el intérprete deba, en el inicio de su exploración creativa, arriesgarse y auto exigirse a buscar formas o maneras de enfrentar sus operaciones artísticas de tal modo que se escapen de zonas más afines a su personalidad o intereses.
Dosimetría cardiaca y correlación con peor sobrevida en pacientes con cáncer de mama
Authors:   , Montoya Janampa Julio Manuel
Published: April 2024

La radioterapia (RT) es una herramienta fundamental para combatir el cáncer de mama (CM). Para el año 2020 en Chile, la mayoría de los tratamientos de CM incluyeron RT (Sung et al., 2021). Sin embargo, evidencia reciente sugiere que las altas dosis administradas al corazón y sus subestructuras están asociadas a posibles cardiopatías y pueden resultar en un exceso de mortalidad (Díaz-Gavela et al., 2021; Banfill et al., 2021). El objetivo es estudiar la correlación entre la dosis administrada a diferentes subestructuras cardíacas y la supervivencia en el tiempo, e identificar umbrales de dosis predictivos de mortalidad temprana en una cohorte local de pacientes con CM tras la RT.Se empleó un programa open source (Finnegan et al., 2017) para segmentar automáticamente el corazón, sus cavidades, los grandes vasos, sus válvulas, las arterias coronarias y los nodos de conducción en imágenes CT de planificación para 188 pacientes control y 53 pacientes fallecidas, quienes fueron tratadas con RT curativa para CM en la Red de Salud UC-Christus. Se obtuvieron la dosis media y máxima, equivalente en fracciones de 2 Gy (EQD2), y el histograma de dosis-volumen para cada subestructura y regiones cardíacas combinadas. Además, el score de calcio se estimó utilizando un método de umbralizado (Agatston et al., 1990). Se realizaron análisis de supervivencia usando el score de calcio, la información clínica y los parámetros dosimétricos de las regiones cardíacas.El análisis de regresión multivariado mostró que la dosis máxima en la región cardíaca combinada que incluye los ventrículos bilaterales (Gy), el score de calcio (CAC), la etapa del cáncer T (I/II vs III/IV) y la quimioterapia (sí vs no) fueron factores significativos asociados con la supervivencia a través del tiempo en nuestra cohorte, con hazard ratios de 1,02 (95% CI 1,00-1,03; p = 0,0195), 1,05 (95% CI 1,02-1,07; p < 0,001), 4,66 (95% CI 2,51-8,64; p < 0,001) y 2,31 (95% CI 1,08-4,93; p = 0,0309), respectivamente, mientras que la dosis media cardíaca, V5 y V30 no mostraron significancia. Además, se trazaron curvas de supervivencia Kaplan-Meier para un seguimiento de 5 años, demostrando que la cohorte que recibió una EQD2 máxima en la región combinada superior a 30 Gy mostró una supervivencia más baja (log-rank p = 0,0062).La aplicación de esta metodología en pacientes con CM valida a la dosis máxima en los ventrículos bilaterales como importante predictor de muerte prematura. Se obtuvo una EQD2 máxima de 30 Gy como límite de dosis para futuras investigaciones.Palabras clave: Cáncer de mama, Radioterapia, Cardiotoxicidad
Medición y reparto de fuentes de MP2.5 en casas en Santiago durante la pandemia de COVID-19
Authors:   , Sandoval González Marlis Paola
Published: April 2024

La contaminación atmosférica es un tema ampliamente estudiado debido a su relevancia en salud pública. Santiago de Chile es una ciudad sujeta a condiciones desfavorables para su calidad del aire debido a factores naturales y antrópicos. El estudio busca cuantificar la presencia de MP2.5 al interior y exterior de viviendas en Santiago de Chile, bajo un contexto de pandemia por Covid-19, y documentar hábitos de ventilación de sus residentes. Se midió y realizaron encuestas en 32 hogares ubicados en distintos puntos de la ciudad, entre los meses noviembre – diciembre de 2021 y marzo – abril de 2022. La concentración de MP2.5 interior y exterior promedio diaria fue de 15,8 μg/m3 y 17,3 μg/m3 respectivamente. La Ratio I/O tuvo una media de 1,01. Se identificaron cinco conglomerados interiores y cuatro exteriores mediante un análisis espaciotemporal, donde las mayores concentraciones provienen de la generación secundaria de MP2.5. El factor de infiltración promedio por tipo de fuente externa fue 0,37 para Transporte, 0,44 el aporte Nocturno, 0,77 la Generación secundaria y 0,92 la Segunda generación secundaria. El factor de infiltración global (sin repartir el MP2.5) fue 0,82 y la generación interna promedio de MP2.5 fue 13,3% del total medido en interiores. Se presume que la contaminación generada al interior proviene de actividades como cocinar y barrer/aspirar, así como también a la presencia de mascotas al interior. La tasa de intercambio de aire promedio fue 2,38 h -1. Se sugiere a los participantes ventilar los espacios constantemente en la época de calor para aminorar la contaminación proveniente de actividades interiores. Las limitaciones del estudio fueron principalmente el breve tiempo de medición en cada casa, la ubicación de los sensores de medición, la falta de información por parte de Purple Air en cuanto a su algoritmo, la presencia de outliers y la subjetividad de la encuesta realizada.
Respuesta toxicológica de microalgas salinas ante concentraciones residuales de florfenicol y su biodegradabilidad a 14°C: caso de estudio
Authors:   , Andreani Campos Agustín
Published: April 2024

Las enfermedades infecciosas en salmones son una de las principales perdidas de producción en la acuicultura nacional. El Florfenicol (FF) es el principal antimicrobiano utilizado para su mitigación, suministrado mediante alimento medicado en jaulas de fase de agua salada. Esta práctica constituye una fuente de liberación de antibióticos a medios acuáticos naturales, lo que tiene un efecto tóxico y nocivo sobre los ciclos biogeoquímicos y en el microbioma local. Esto promueve la aparición de genes e resistencia al antibiótico en bacterias, los que representan una gran amenaza de la salud pública del futuro. En el presente estudio, se evaluó la respuesta toxicológica del FF sobre el crecimiento y síntesis de pigmentos de microalgas salinas específicas constitutivas del fitoplancton, a saber, Dunaliellia tertiolecta, Tetraselmis striata, Tetraselmis suecica e Isochrysis galbana; y su influencia en decaimiento del fármaco en el medio acuoso, a concentraciones de 250 y 2500 µg/L, representativas del inicio y final de un tratamiento con FF, a 14ºC, temperatura del sur de Chile lugar que concentra la acuicultura nacional. Se determinó que a 250 µg/L ya existe un efecto inhibitorio en el crecimiento de hasta 12% para la especie D. tertiolecta y su síntesis de clorofila decae en un 50%. El efecto contrario se observó para T. suecica e I. galbana, cuyo crecimiento y contenido de pigmentos es estimulado. A 2500 µg/L los efectos inhibitorios observados fueron significativos para D. tertiolecta, T. suecica y T. striata, alcanzando valores de 47.3%, 48.5% y 55.6%, respectivamente. Sin embargo, se observa mayor crecimiento de I. galbana a medida que aumenta la concentración, estimulándose un 39% y 16.7% a 2500 y 250 µg/L, respectivamente. En cuanto a la remoción del fármaco, se determina que, a las condiciones trabajadas, no hay influencia considerable por la respuesta toxicológica de ninguna de las microalgas en la disipación del fármaco. El principal mecanismo de degradación observado corresponde a factores abióticos, removiendo un 40 y 49% en 14 días, para 2500 y 250 µg/L, respectivamente. Se estima que sería por fotodegradación indirecta, sin embargo, existe un vacío en la literatura respecto a la sensibilidad del proceso de fotodegradación FF ante factores como intensidad de luz y componentes del medio.
Medicinal Properties of Cobalt and Copper Nanoparticles Synthesized Using Limonia acidissima Leaf Extract
Authors: Panicker S. , Mathew A. , Dalvi S. , Chattaraj M.
Published: April 2024

Aim: The present investigation was undertaken to synthesize Cobalt and copper nanoparticles (NPs) using Limonia acidissima L. leaf extract and to test their few medicinal properties like antimicrobial antioxidant and anti-diabetic activities.
Methodology: Limonia acidissima plant leaves were collected from the vicinity of the College and the study was completed in 11 months. The hot aqueous leaf extract and soxhlet extract using ethyl acetate as solvent were prepared. Phytochemical analysis of the leaf extract showed the presence of Tannins, Flavonoids, Alkaloids and absence of Phenols. The leaf extract was then used to make Cobalt and copper nanoparticles (NPs) using Cobalt acetate and Copper sulphate respectively. 
Results: The formation of NPs was checked by color change and confirmed with UV–visible spectrophotometry. The typical peaks of Co-NPs were detected in the range of maximum wavelength between 380-520 nm and that for Cu NPs was detected between 260-580 nm. The antimicrobial activity of the synthesized NPs of both metal oxides was then tested against Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria and also against two Candida sps. Cobalt NPs exhibited strong antimicrobial activity against all tested organisms but Copper NPs showed no antimicrobial activity. The both NPs were also tested for antioxidant and anti-diabetic properties. Comparatively the Copper NPs possessed higher antioxidant and anti-diabetic activity than the cobalt nanoparticles.
Conclusion: Thus, this underutilized plant from India can be further exploited for more medicinal properties and bring it into pharmaceutical usage.
Evaluation of Pigeonpea-based Intercropping System for Growth, Productivity, Economics, Available Nutrient and Nutrient Uptake under Alfisols
Authors: Navi Laxman , Rehman H. M. Atheek ur , R Krishnamurthy, , Anand S. R. , S Dayanandanaik , Devika A. R.
Published: April 2024

An experiment was conducted to the evaluation of pigeonpea-based intercropping system for growth, productivity, economics, available nutrient and nutrient uptake under alfisols of Karnataka during Kharif, 2020 at ‘K’ Block, Zonal Agricultural Research Station, University of Agricultural Sciences, Gandhi Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Bengaluru. The experiment had 15 treatments which were replicated thrice in Randomised Complete Block Design. Treatments consisted of sole crops pigeonpea and different intercrops mixed along with of intercrops (field bean, vegetable soybean and chia) in different row proportions of (1:2, 1:3 and 1:4).The study aimed to assess the growth, yield and economics of pigeonpea comprising planting geometry and different intercrops. The results indicated that the combined effect of paired-row pigeonpea with field bean at 120/60 cm × 30 cm (1:2) spacing recorded the highest seed yield (1770 kg/ha) and stalk yield (4026 kg/ha). Among planting geometry and intercropping systems, higher gross returns, net returns and B:C ratio (Rs. 2,60,591 ha-1, Rs. 2,19,030 ha-1 and 6.27 respectively) was recorded in T7 (paired row pigeonpea with vegetable soybean at 120/60 cm). Among planting geometry and intercropping system highest total nutrient uptake of pigeonpea was recorded in T6 (Paired row - 120/60 cm × 30 cm pigeonpea + field bean (1:2), 76.65, 12.20 and 98.36 kg/ha NPK respectively) compared to rest of intercropping treatments. In available nutrients, among planting geometry and intercropping systems highest total available nitrogen and phosphorous was recorded in T14: Sole vegetable soybean (318.62 and 107.20 kg/ha N & P respectively) and higher total available potassium was recorded in T13: Sole field bean (321.40 kg/ha K respectively), compared to other treatments. The study concludes that the paired row pigeonpea with vegetable soybean at 120/60 cm x 30 cm yield and economics of the intercropping systems.
Enhancing Organizational Capacity: A Holistic Examination of Evolution, Methods and Challenges
Authors: S. Manju Prem , G. Jayalekshmi , M. Mohanraj , M. A. Sneha , Mathew Riza
Published: April 2024

This comprehensive review explores the evolution, importance, methods, challenges, and recommendations for capacity building across various sectors, with a focus on rural development and agricultural stakeholders. Beginning with a historical overview from the 1960s to the present, the study highlights shifts in focus and methodologies, emphasizing the critical role of capacity building in promoting effectiveness and efficiency. It examines the significance of capacity building for farmers and rural extension staff, emphasizing the need to equip them with skills and resources to enhance productivity and livelihoods. The review also discusses management skills, levels of capacity building, conceptual frameworks, approaches, core issues, and methods in capacity development. Also, it addresses the difficulties inherent in capacity building efforts and presents recommendations for building conceptual frameworks. Summarily, this study underscores the multifaceted and dynamic nature of capacity building and its pivotal role in promoting resilience, sustainability, and societal development.
Assessing the Environmental and Health Implications of Waste Disposal: A Case Study of Africa's Largest Dumping Site
Authors: Omokaro Godspower Oke , Michael Ikioukenigha , Evgenievich Pinaev Vladimir
Published: April 2024

This study investigates the environmental and health repercussions of generated and distributed waste stemming from dumpsites scattered across various Sub-Saharan Africa countries. Through a comprehensive examination of data gleaned from scholarly databases, published reports, to analyze the characteristics and impacts of dumpsites on the environment and public health; key findings illuminate the profound challenges posed by these dumpsites. Notably, large dumpsites such as Olusosun in Nigeria, Dandora in Kenya, and Agbogbloshie in Ghana emerge as focal points due to their staggering size and heightened risk profiles and the significant risk to nearby communities. The analysis underscores pervasive issues including air and water contamination, soil degradation, and the propagation of diseases within nearby communities. There are indications of progress and improvements being made in some dumpsites, and initiatives such as waste-to-energy projects, recycling programs, and community-driven interventions are emerging to address these challenges and mitigate the adverse effects of dumpsites on surrounding environments and human health. Considering these findings, recommendations are put forth for bolstering waste management strategies, advocating for meticulous site selection, promoting waste segregation practices, and fostering community engagement. These measures are essential to mitigate the adverse effects of dumpsites, safeguard environmental integrity, and uphold public health standards across the African continent.
The Relationship between Employee Roles and Service Quality
Authors: Joshua Acman,Kent , Apa,Bryan . , Jean Ivory S. Salas,Bridget , Taripe. Elmer A.
Published: April 2024

The purpose of this study is to investigate the correlation between employees` roles and service quality. Descriptive method design and stratified random sampling techniques were used to select 15 restaurant establishments into three categories, which are snack bar/café, canteen/cafeteria style, and catering cuisine restaurants in Bislig City during the school year 2022-2023. Two questionnaires were used to collect data through the face-to-face survey. Mean, standard deviation, and Pearson product-moment correlation analysis were also used to analyze the data collected. Results revealed that the canteen/café restaurant had the highest mean in job satisfaction in terms of employee benefits, while empathy had the highest mean in service quality. Employee benefits represent job satisfaction/recreation leaves, health protection benefits, and flexible working hours, while quality represents reliability, responsiveness, assurance, empathy, Empathy  and tangibles. The results proved that the relationship between employment benefits and service quality among restaurant staff indicates a moderately positive correlation.
Evaluasi Tender Berdasarkan Dokumen Kontrak
Authors: Winata Sam Wahyudi , Hermawan Surya
Published: April 2024

Suatu proyek yang berskala besar umumnya pasti melalui proses tender atau lelang yang didalamnya terdapat fase – fase yang diakhiri oleh persetujuan dokumen kontrak sebelum dimulainya suatu proyek. Latar belakang dari penelitian ini adalah dalam proses penyusunan dokumen sering ditemui berbagai macam permasalahan yang pada akhirnya berdampak secara langsung pada saat pelaksanaan yang dapat merugikan berbagai pihak. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah studi literatur, pengamatan dan kuesioner. Kuesioner tersebut dibagikan kepada responden sebanya 40 orang dengan menggunakan metode skala likert yang akan dicari Relative Index dengan skala 0.2 (sangat tidak setuju) sampai dengan 1 (sangat setuju). Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mencari penyebab masalah utama yang berkaitan pada proses penyusunan dan pemeriksaan dokumen kontrak dalam tiga faktor permasalahan, agar dapat ditemukan solusi atau saran sebagai dasar pertimbangan dalam perencanaan dokumen kontrak pada saat proses lelang. Dari hasil penelitian menggambarkan bahwa faktor permasalahan dapat dibagi menjadi tiga, yaitu umum, teknis, dan komunikasi. Faktor dominan paling sering terjadi adalah masalah pada gambar perencanaan yang kurang jelas (0.784), ditambah durasi lelang yang cukup singkat untuk memahami dan membuat penawaran (0.768). Selain hal tersebut, spesifikasi atau rencana kerja syarat yang tidak jelas dan komunikasi antar berbagai pihak yang kurang bagus juga menjadi masalah – masalah utama pada dokumen kontrak (0.768 & 0.768). Masalah – masalah tersebut seharusnya dapat diatasi dengan meningkatkan ketepatan dan kesiapan dari perencanaan dan juga perlu untuk dibuatkan landasan apabila terjadi ketidaksesuaian kontrak.
PROTOTYPE DETEKSI DINI KEBOCORAN GAS DENGAN METODE FUZZY LOGIC BERBASIS ESP32-S dan BYLNK
Authors: Fahreza Mochamad Aditya Rizky , Mahendra Sri Aji Eka , Gumilang Yandhika Surya Akbar
Published: April 2024

Deteksi dini kebocoran gas merupakan hal yang penting untuk mencegah kecelakaan terutama kebakaran akibat kebocoran gas. Dalam penelitian ini, kami mengusulkan sistem deteksi dini kebocoran gas menggunakan sensor gas dan sensor suhu dengan metode logika fuzzy Mamdani berbasis mikrokontroler ESP32-S. Sensor gas digunakan untuk mendeteksi keberadaan gas di lingkungan sekitar, sementara sensor suhu digunakan untuk mengukur suhu lingkungan. Metode logika fuzzy Mamdani digunakan untuk mengambil keputusan berdasarkan input dari kedua sensor tersebut. Mikrokontroler ESP32-S digunakan sebagai platform untuk implementasi karena kemampuannya mengolah data sensor dan melakukan komunikasi nirkabel. Sistem ini dihgubungkan dengan aplikasi Bylnk agar dapat dipantau melalui internet. Dari pengujian yang sudah dilakukan terdapat error 0,055% pada output fuzzy Kipas DC. Dari pengujian tersebut nilai error dibawah 1% masih dinyatakan valid dalam pemrograman Fuzzy Logic-nya. Pengujian sistem menunjukkan bahwa sistem ini mampu memberikan respons yang cepat dan akurat dalam mendeteksi kebocoran gas. Dengan demikian, sistem deteksi dini kebocoran gas ini memiliki potensi untuk memberikan manfaat yang signifikan dalam meningkatkan keselamatan dan keamanan di berbagai lingkungan.
SIMULASI KONTROL KELEMBABAN DENGAN KONTROLER PID PADA KUMBUNG JAMUR DI URBAN FARMING ALAM SARI PETRA
Authors: Kufa Sih Kawuryan Yulianes , Lim Resmana , Santoso Petrus , Putro Iwan Handoyo
Published: April 2024

Urban farming adalah kegiatan bercocok tanam atau beternak secara mandiri di wilayah perkotaan dengan memanfaatkan lahan yang terbatas atau kosong. Urban Farming Alam Sari Petra di pusat kota Surabaya bertujuan untuk mendidik pendidik dan peserta didik tentang pertanian perkotaan dan tanaman organik. Salah satu kegiatan yang dilakukan adalah budidaya jamur tiram. Namun, pengoperasian manual sistem penyiram di kumbung jamur menyebabkan kelembaban yang tidak terkontrol dan pertumbuhan jamur yang tidak optimal. Untuk mengatasi hal ini, diimplementasikan sebuah sistem pengatur kelembaban menggunakan kontroler PID. Permasalahan penelitian ini difokuskan pada bagaimana mempertahankan kelembaban pada tingkat tertentu selama masa inkubasi dan masa panen di kumbung jamur. Pengujian yang dilakukan adalah tuning pid, pengujian kontrol tanpa gangguan, pengujian kontrol dengan gangguan dan pengujian kontrol dengan target kelembaban berbeda. Tahapan pengujian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi kinerja dari sistem. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa penggunaan kontroler PID dalam mengontrol kelembaban hingga berhasil mencapai tingkat kelembaban yang stabil dan sesuai dengan set point yang diminta.
In the shadow of the Lammermuirs
Authors: Saunders Ben , López-Dóriga Inés , Treasure Ed , Seager Smith Rachael , Shaffrey Ruth , Swales Christopher , Valdez-Tullett Andrew
Published: April 2024

Wessex Archaeology completed archaeological investigations on the Onshore Transmission Works for the Neart na Gaoithe Offshore Wind Farm between 2015 and 2021. These included geophysical survey, evaluation trenching, targeted strip, map and sample excavations, and watching briefs on the cable route and associated infrastructure between the landfall at Thorntonloch and the grid connection at Crystal Rig II Wind Farm, both in East Lothian. The investigations found that few archaeological features were present within the section of the cable route within the coastal plain between Thorntonloch and Innerwick, and within the upland area approaching Crystal Rig (excluding the medieval township of Boonslie). Features relating to a wide range of periods, dominated by the prehistoric, were found within the transitional zone to the south-west of Innerwick between the Lammermuir foothills and the coastal plain. These included an Early Neolithic pit cluster and possible trackway, pits dated to the Late Neolithic and Early Bronze Age, and a Late Bronze Age/Early Iron Age pit alignment. Within the immediate area of the pit alignment there was also evidence for later Iron Age and early medieval occupation. The cable route was designed to avoid the extant remains of Boonslie, an upland medieval township around the headwaters of the Boonslie Burn, but some previously undetected earthworks were uncovered and investigated, as well as the earliest dated feature found in the works: a pit containing burnt material dating to the Mesolithic. The excavations also uncovered evidence for the deliberate landscaping of agricultural fields during the post-medieval and modern period to give a greater area of cultivatable terrain.
Expertise and self‐regulation processes in a professional task
Authors: Huet Nathalie , Mariné Claudette
Published: December 2008

This study investigated self‐regulation processes in a professional task, a beverage service task, using the model of self‐regulated study. The main purpose was to explore how self‐regulatory activity changes both with professional experience and with memory task demands. In a simulated beverage service task, 22 beginner waiters and 22 experienced waiters were asked to request the drink ordered by each customer until they were sure they knew the entire order. Then, they had to execute an immediate recall of the customer‐beverage pairs and a delayed recall. Results showed that globally beginners did not modify their self‐regulation processes as a function of task demands. By contrast to beginners, experienced waiters increased their self‐regulatory activity when they had to face with a more demanding task. Besides, experts showed higher recall performance than beginners under all conditions. In the conclusion, results from this more naturalistic task were compared to those obtained in experimental studies and discussed. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Fault‐tolerant model predictive control within the hybrid systems framework: Application to sewer networks
Authors: Ocampo‐Martinez Carlos , Puig Vicenç
Published: December 2008

In this paper, model predictive control (MPC) problem with fault‐tolerance capabilities is formulated within the hybrid systems framework. In particular, the mixed logical dynamic form to represent hybrid systems is considered. Using this approach, a hybrid model of the system to be controlled is obtained, which includes inherent hybrid phenomena and possible modes caused by faults occurrence. This allows to adapt the system model on‐line by taking into account the fault information provided by a fault diagnosis and isolation module. In this way, the controller can cope with the considered faults. Additionally, different implementation schemes and fault‐tolerance evaluation procedures for hybrid MPC (HMPC) considering fault‐tolerance capabilities are proposed and discussed. Finally and in order to exemplify the implementation of the proposed approach, it is applied to include actuator fault tolerance in the design of a HMPC controller for a portion of the sewer network of Barcelona. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Set‐points reconfiguration in networked multi‐area electrical power systems
Authors: Casavola Alessandro , Famularo Domenico , Franzè Giuseppe , Garone Emanuele
Published: December 2008

In this paper we present a supervisory strategy for load/frequency control problems in networked multi‐area electrical power systems. The proposed strategy exploits a recently developed constrained control methodology named Parameter Governor, which is based on predictive control ideas and combines in a unique framework the actions of Reference and Offset Governors. The supervisor reconfigures the nominal frequency set‐points and adds offsets to the input terminals of the generation units of each area in order to avoid operative constraint violations when unexpected load changes and/or failures occur. Such a reconfiguration capability is achieved by exploiting the inherent physical redundancy of the power grid and allows, if effective, the enhancement of the overall fault tolerance. The effectiveness of the proposed approach is demonstrated on a two‐area power system subject to coordination constraints on maximum frequency deviations, exchanged and generated powers. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Sensing of Damage Mechanisms in Fiber‐Reinforced Composites under Cyclic Loading using Carbon Nanotubes
Authors: Gao Limin , Thostenson Erik T. , Zhang Zuoguang , Chou Tsu‐Wei
Published: December 2008

The expanded use of advanced fiber‐reinforced composites in structural applications has brought attention to the need to monitor the health of these structures. It has been established that adding carbon nanotubes to fiber‐reinforced composites is a promising way to detect the formation of microscale damage. Because carbon nanotubes are three orders of magnitude smaller than traditional advanced fibers, it is possible for nanotubes to form an electrically conductive network in the polymer matrix surrounding the fibers. In this work, multi‐walled carbon nanotubes are dispersed into epoxy and infused into a glass‐fiber preform to form a network of in situ sensors. The resistance of the cross‐ply composite is measured in real‐time during incremental cyclic tensile loading tests to evaluate the damage evolution and failure mechanisms in the composite. Edge replication is conducted to evaluate the crack density after each cycle, and optical microscopy is utilized to study the crack mode and growth. The evolution of damage can be clearly identified through the damaged resistance parameter. Through analyzing the damaged resistance response curves with measurements of transverse crack density and strain, the transition between different failure modes can be identified. It is demonstrated that the integration of an electrically conducting network of carbon nanotubes in a glass fiber composite adds unique damage‐sensing functionality that can be utilized to track the nature and extent of microstructural damage in fiber composites.