bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of shrub encroachment on their sub-canopy soil and vegetation properties
Authors: Erfanzadeh Reza , Yazdani Moslem , Arani Asghar Saleh Mosleh
Published: December 2020

Shrub encroachment (SE) has been occurring and studied worldwide over
the last century. What remains to be investigated is how soil and
vegetation characteristics vary under canopy of different species of
shrubs for restoration goals. Thus, this study aimed to compare the
effect of three shrub species (Amygdalus scoparia, Ebenus stellata, and
Daphne mezereum) on soil and vegetation characteristics under their
canopies in semiarid rangelands in Iran for restoration purposes of
degraded areas. Fifteen sites were randomly selected in such three shrub
species which were found close to each other in each site. Soil and
vegetation characteristics were measured under the three shrubs,
comparing with outside the shrub canopies (control). One-way ANOVA and
non-metric dimensional scaling were used to clarify the differences of
the effects of different shrub species on sub-canopy soil and plants.
The results indicated that the effect of different species of shrubs on
soil properties was not equal, more pronounced by A. scoparia.
Similarly, the highest value of herbaceous Shannon-Wiener diversity
index was recorded under A. scoparia (2.07) as compared with D. mezerum
(1.76), E. stellata (1.41). The highest and lowest values of Menhinick
richness index were observed under A. scoparia (3.43) and E. stellata
(1.46), respectively. Compared with two other shrubs, a taller canopy in
A. scoparia (3.50m vs. 2.60m and 1.83m) probably led to greater litter
input by the shrub. Different effects of different species of shrubs on
sub-canopy soil and vegetation should be considered in the restoration
projects of degraded semiarid rangelands.
Rimozione dei contaminanti ambientali mediante applicazione di processi ultrasonici ed adsorbimento su carboni attivi: una tecnologia innovativa
Authors: Amendola Roberta
Published: December 2020

La rimozione di contaminanti ambientali dal nostro sistema idrico
continua ad essere prioritaria, in quanto tali sostanze hanno impatti
negativi sull’ambiente e sulla salute umana. Tra le tecniche più diffuse
per la rimozione di materia organica presente nelle acque reflue, vi
sono i processi di ossidazione avanzata, ed in particolare
l’adsorbimento mediante carbone attivo granulare.  Studi recenti hanno
scoperto come l’utilizzo di processi ad ultrasuoni (US) migliori
l’adsorbimento per molti contaminanti ambientali. Nel presente lavoro
vengono descritte le indagini condotte per esaminare e valutare
l’efficacia del processo di adsorbimento del fenolo, scelto come
indicatore di materia organica, mediante carbone attivo granulare (GAC),
in assenza e in presenza di ultrasuoni. I risultati ottenuti dimostrano
come l’utilizzo combinato di carbone attivo granulare e di ultrasuoni
migliori l’adsorbimento del fenolo, in quanto garantisce un tasso di
adsorbimento più elevato e una maggiore rimozione della sostanza
organica. Ulteriori sviluppi scientifici, inoltre, danno conferma di
come l’impiego di irradiazioni ultrasoniche combinate con l’azione del
carbone attivo granulare, e con diverse tecnologie, migliori
drasticamente la rimozione di contaminanti ambientali dalle acque
reflue, garantendone la depurazione e il riutilizzo.
One-sided (b,c)-inverses in rings
Authors: Ke Yuanyuan , Visnjic Jelena , Chen Jianlong
Published: December 2020

In this paper we introduce left and right annihilator (b,c)-inverses and we
investigate some of theirs properties. Furthermore, here we study some
properties of left and right (b,c)-inverses.
Generalized Simpson type inequalities involving Riemann-Liouville fractional integrals and their applications
Authors: Luo Chunyan , Du Tingsong
Published: December 2020

We establish a Simpson type identity and several Simpson type inequalities
for Riemann-Liouville fractional integrals. As applications, we apply the
obtained results to special means of real numbers, an error estimate for
Simpson type quadrature formula, and q-digamma function, respectively.
The Pb-cone metric spaces over Banach algebra with applications
Authors: Fernandez Jerolina , Malviya Neeraj , Dolicanin-Dekic Diana , Pucic Dzenis
Published: December 2020

The aim of the article is to establish the structure of partial cone b-metric
spaces over Banach algebras. Topological and structural properties are
investigated of the new spaces. We also define generalized Lipschitz
mappings and give their application in fixed point theory. The results
presented in this paper substantially extend and strengthen the results of
the literature. Few examples are provided to support our conclusions and as
an application we establish the existence and uniqueness of a solution to a
class of system of nonlinear integral equations.
Methodological insights from a psychosocial autopsy study of adult suicide
Authors: Digryte Laura , Zemaitiene Nida , Baniene Irina , Sap Valija , Juskiene Alicja , Liaugaudaite Vilma
Published: December 2020

Conducting a psychosocial autopsy after a suicide is a well-known method in the world for a deeper understanding of suicide, but it still raises a lot of debates over how this method could be applied better to avoid questionable reliability of the research. This study represents methodological insights from a psychosocial autopsy study of adult suicide. 145 people, who lost a close relative or friend due to a suicide, participated in the study. The results revealed that it is particularly important to complete a pilot study and a test of the protocol in a specific sample. Insights to organize face to face meetings due to the sensitivity of the experience, the ability to observe and respond to the risk of suicide of respondents, and to require researchers with practical experience in suicide prevention and psychological assistance is emphasized. This study is an attempt to give methodological insights for future research of suicide and facilitate significant progress in our understanding of suicide.
Implementation of Diabetes Technologies in Primary Care: Challenges and Rewards
Authors: Johnson Eric L. , Kayne David M.
Published: December 2020

This article focuses on the challenges to and rewards of using technology in diabetes care. The authors provide everyday, practical information regarding the integration of technology, including insulin pumps, continuous glucose monitoring devices, and other diabetes consumer technologies, into busy primary care practices. Cases are presented to highlight these tips.
Leveraging Technology to Improve Diabetes Care in Pregnancy
Authors: Crimmins Sarah D. , Ginn-Meadow Angela , Jessel Rebecca H. , Rosen Julie A.
Published: December 2020

Pregnant women with diabetes are at higher risk of adverse outcomes. Prevention of such outcomes depends on strict glycemic control, which is difficult to achieve and maintain. A variety of technologies exist to aid in diabetes management for nonpregnant patients. However, adapting such tools to meet the demands of pregnancy presents multiple challenges. This article reviews the key attributes digital technologies must offer to best support diabetes management during pregnancy, as well as some digital tools developed specifically to meet this need. Despite the opportunities digital health tools present to improve the care of people with diabetes, in the absence of robust data and large research studies, the ability to apply such technologies to diabetes in pregnancy will remain imperfect.
Presence of Liver Steatosis Is Associated With Greater Diabetes Remission After Gastric Bypass Surgery
Authors: Vangoitsenhoven Roman , Wilson Rickesha L. , Cherla Deepa V. , Tu Chao , Kashyap Sangeeta R. , Cummings David E. , Schauer Philip R. , Aminian Ali
Published: December 2020

OBJECTIVE

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is characterized by insulin resistance (IR) and β-cell dysfunction. Ectopic fat accumulation in liver and muscle causes IR. Since bariatric and metabolic surgery significantly improves fatty liver disease, we hypothesized that coexistence of liver steatosis (i.e., when hepatic IR contributes in T2DM) would be associated with greater diabetes improvement after surgery.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

A total of 519 patients with T2DM who underwent Roux-en-Y gastric bypass and simultaneous liver biopsy and had a minimum 5-year follow-up were analyzed to assess the independent association between biopsy-proven liver steatosis and postoperative long-term diabetes remission (glycated hemoglobin <6.5% [48 mmol/mol] off medications).

RESULTS

Of the 407 patients with biopsy-proven liver steatosis, long-term diabetes remission was achieved in 211 (52%) patients compared with remission in 44 out of 112 (39%) patients without steatosis (P = 0.027). In multivariable analysis, presence of liver steatosis was an independent predictor of long-term diabetes remission (odds ratio 1.96 [95% CI 1.04–3.72]; P = 0.038). Hepatocyte ballooning, lobular inflammation, or fibrosis at baseline did not predict diabetes remission.

CONCLUSIONS

This study, for the first time, suggests that in patients with T2DM who are considering bariatric and metabolic surgery, coexistence of liver steatosis is associated with better long-term glycemic outcomes. Furthermore, our data suggest that there are distinct variants of T2DM in which metabolic responses to surgical weight loss are different. A subgroup of patients whose T2DM is characterized by the presence of hepatic steatosis (presumably associated with worse IR) experience better postoperative metabolic outcomes.
Actions and practice architectures for realising sustainable development by restructuring school organisations
Authors: Forssten Seiser Anette , Blossing Ulf
Published: December 2020

Sustainability is increasingly being understood as vital for school improvement. The objective of this study is to expand our knowledge of practice architectures that enable and constrain the realisation of sustainable development by restructuring school organisations to facilitate professional learning. In this follow-up study, we return to one of the three municipalities that were involved in an earlier project from 2009 to 2011. The theory of practice architectures is used as an analytic tool to identify and analyse actions that have an impact on the municipality’s efforts to realise sustainable school improvement. The results reveal dissimilarities between the investigated municipality’s school organisation and the preschool organisation. In the case of the school organisation, the dominating practice architectures disrupt the realisation of sustainable development, while in the case of the preschool organisation they are continuous and foster the same. One disruptive practice architecture in the school organisation is the idea of the autonomous principal, which disturbs the progression of a distributed leadership. In the preschool organisation, the superintendents are crucial for facilitating participation in professional learning.
Pengembangan Tes Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis untuk Kelas V SD
Authors: Pratama Dewa Gede Widhya Surya , Suranata Kadek , Arini Ni Wayan
Published: December 2020

Pada pelaksanaan pembelajaran di kelas guru tidak menekankan pada aspek berpikir kritis dalam proses pembelajaran, ini dikarenakan kurangnya pengetahuan guru mengenai kemampuan berpikir kritis. Rendahnya kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa, maka perlu dikembangkan tes yang standar untuk menilai kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa kelas V. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui proses pengembangan dan untuk mengetahui kualitas tes berpikir kritis yang dikembangkan untuk semester genap kelas V SD ditinjau dari validitas isi dan reliabilitas butir tes. Populasi penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas V SD. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian pengembangan menggunakan model 4D Thiagarajan. Pengumpulan data dilakukan menggunakan metode pencatatan dokumen, observasi, dan lembar validasi ahli. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah instrumen tes kemampuan berpikir kritis. Metode analisis data yang digunakan adalah uji validitas isi dan uji reliabilitas instrument tes. Hasil uji validitas isi yang didapatkan sebesar 0,937, yang berada pada katagori sangat tinggi yaitu pada rentangan 0,80-1.00. Sedangkan hasil uji reliabilitas istrumen tes dioeroleh sebesar 0,92 dan berada pada katagori sangat tinggi yaitu berada pada rentangan 0,80-1,00. Hal ini berarti, tes kemampuan berpikir kritis yang dikembangkan dapat digunakan sebagai tes standar dalam  mengukur kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa kelas V pada tema delapan, sub-tema tiga.
Calcium as a Plant Nutrient
Authors:   Division of Agronomy, ICAR–Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi (110 012), India, Prasad Rajendra , Shivay Yashbir Singh
Published: December 2020

Calcium (Ca) is an essential plant nutrient responsible for the integrity of cells and plant structure, yet it is generally neglected, because it is available in plenty in most cultivated soils. It is therefore not applied as a fertilizer to crops except in groundnut. In acid soils, where it is limiting, it is applied in large amounts as a soil amendment as lime. In sodic soil, where excess of Na creates problems in crop production Ca is applied as gypsum, another soil amendment. When applied in large amounts as lime or gypsum, Ca nutrition is already taken care of and thus there is no need of annual application as a fertilizer. Nevertheless its importance as a plant nutrient cannot be ignored.
La política educativa de las instituciones educativas públicas de educación media como propuesta para la mejora continua en la educación
Authors: Flores Cuevas Francisco , Vásquez Martínez Claudio Rafael , Pelayo Landázuri María Piedad
Published: December 2020

El propósito del presente trabajo fue determinar cuál ha sido el impacto en cuanto a la implementación de una metodología con enfoque constructivista para promover el desarrollo de competencias ciudadanas en estudiantes del grado undécimo en el departamento del Quindío (Colombia).  Para ello, se llevó a cabo un estudio con enfoque cuantitativo de alcance exploratorio, descriptivo y con un diseño cuasi experimental con delineación transversal. En concreto, participaron 83 instituciones educativas públicas de educación media del departamento del Quindío. Asimismo, se seleccionaron dos grupos (uno piloto y otro de control) del grado undécimo durante el periodo 2018-2. En el grupo piloto se desarrolló la metodología basada en enfoques de enseñanza constructivistas (p. ej., el aprendizaje significativo y el colaborativo-cooperativo).

El instrumento utilizado fue la entrevista estructurada, que consistió en una serie de preguntas sistemáticas, además de cuestionarios que se aplicaron en tres rubros: uno dirigido a los rectores, otro a los coordinadores de área de Sociales y el último a los docentes orientadores. Los resultados demuestran que existen deficiencias en la apropiación de las metodologías constructivistas y los modelos pedagógicos empleados en las instituciones objeto de estudio. Asimismo, la apropiación de metodologías constructivistas no ha sido adecuada en el desarrollo de competencias ciudadanas en los estudiantes de grado undécimo, lo cual se v e reflejado en un puntaje bajo de rendimiento escolar y de compromiso en sus actividades académicas debido a los conflictos, intolerancia y desigualdad que se viven en la comunidad educativa.
Parallel Combining Different Approaches to Multi-pattern Matching for Fpga-based Security Systems
Authors:   Pukhov Institute for Modelling in Energy Engineering, Ukraine, Hilgurt Sergii
Published: December 2020

The multi-pattern matching is a fundamental technique found in applications like a network intrusion detection system, anti-virus, anti-worms and other signature- based information security tools. Due to rising traffic rates, increasing number and sophistication of attacks and the collapse of Moore’s law, traditional software solutions can no longer keep up. Therefore, hardware approaches are frequently being used by developers to accelerate pattern matching. Reconfigurable FPGA-based devices, providing the flexibility of software and the near-ASIC performance, have become increasingly popular for this purpose. Hence, increasing the efficiency of reconfigurable information security tools is a scientific issue now. Many different approaches to constructing hardware matching circuits on FPGAs are known. The most widely used of them are based on discrete comparators, hash-functions and finite automata. Each approach possesses its own pros and cons. None of them still became the leading one. In this paper, a method to combine several different approaches to enforce their advantages has been developed. An analytical technique to quickly advance estimate the resource costs of each matching scheme without need to compile FPGA project has been proposed. It allows to apply optimization procedures to near-optimally split the set of pattern between different approaches in acceptable time.
Uso de cáscara de cacao (Theobroma cacao) para la remocion de cromo en solución acuosa
Authors: Pérez Antolinez Leidy Lorena , Paz Astudillo Isabel Cristina , Sandoval Aldana Angélica Piedad , Peñaloza Atuesta Giann Carlos
Published: December 2020

Cáscara de cacao fue empleada como bioadsorbente natural para remover cromo6+ en soluciones acuosas con concentraciones equivalentes a las generadas en procesos de curtiembre. Un análisis por FTIR del material antes y después del proceso de adsorción ratifica la presencia de grupos funcionales (lignina, celulosa, hemicelulosa), que favorecen la adsorción de los iones metálicos del cromo. El efecto de la temperatura y el diámetro de partícula sobre el porcentaje de metal adsorbido fue estudiado. La concentración del metal en la solución fue detectada por adsorción atómica. Obteniendo una adsorción máxima de 24.7% a temperatura de 28ºC y 0.8mm diámetro de partícula. La Isoterma de Sips fue el modelo que mejor ajustó los datos de equilibrio. Los datos cinéticos fueron ajustados, encontrándose un mayor coeficiente de correlación para el modelo de pseudo segundo orden. La biomasa contaminada con cromo fue encapsulada mediante la técnica estabilización/solidificación para su disposición final.
O bioma pampa nos anos iniciais: uma investigação com professores e nos livros didáticos do PNLD
Authors: Pinto Luiza Frigo , Baccin Bruna Ambros , Pessano Edward Frederico Castro
Published: December 2020

O presente trabalho trata-se de uma pesquisa realizada com professores dos anos iniciais do ensino fundamental, que investigou a abordagem do bioma Pampa em suas aulas. A metodologia deste estudo foi de cunho qualitativo, realizado em três escolas públicas estaduais do RS. Os dados foram coletados a partir de um questionário semiestruturado, e para a análise utilizou-se a Análise de Conteúdo e a Técnica de Nuvens de Palavras. Posteriormente, realizou-se um estudo sobre a abordagem do bioma Pampa nos livros didáticos, indicados no PNLD 2016 dos anos iniciais. Quanto à análise dos questionários, os resultados inferem que os professores realizam uma abordagem simplificada e pouco contextualizada sobre o bioma Pampa em suas aulas. As justificativas apresentadas nas respostas remetem ao fato desta temática não estar contemplada no plano de estudos das escolas. Com relação à análise realizada nos livros didáticos do PNLD 2016, observou-se a existência de várias coleções disponíveis para a escolha dos professores, porém apenas cinco coleções apresentaram a contextualização da temática bioma Pampa. Destaca-se ainda, a utilização de diferentes recursos metodológicos por parte dos professores, objetivando a melhoria dos processos de ensino. Neste sentido, acredita-se que discussões voltadas aos conteúdos relacionados ao bioma Pampa podem contribuir de maneira significativa para que os estudantes aprendam, ainda nos anos iniciais, a importância desses ecossistemas e desenvolvam atitudes voltadas para a preservação e manutenção da biodiversidade do Pampa.
Selective changes in expression of integrin α-subunits in the intestinal epithelial Caco-2 cells under conditions of hypoxia and microcirculation
Authors: Maltseva DV , Poloznikov AA , Artyushenko VG
Published: December 2020

Intestinal epithelial cells are constantly exposed to physiologically hypoxic environment. The further reduction of tissue oxygen delivery may result in the intestinal epithelial cells function impairment, being a sign of active inflammation. The cultivation conditions are important when performing in vitro studies, since those may affect the cells’ properties. The study was aimed to assess the integrin receptor expression in the human colon adenocarcinoma Caco-2 cell line when simulating both hypoxic condition using the cobalt chloride and microcirculation. Transcriptome analysis revealed the significantly increased expression of the integrin receptors ITGA2 and ITGA5 α2- and α5-subunit genes under hypoxic conditions, as well as the reduction of ITGA5 during incubation in the microfluidic chip. The expression of β-subunits did not change. Analysis of microRNA transcriptomes revealed the decreased expression of hsa-miR-766-3p and hsa-miR-23b-5p microRNA. One of the validated targets for both microRNAs is mRNA of gene ITGA5. It has been shown that microcirculation makes it possible to bring the intestinal epithelial cells cultivation conditions closer to physiological conditions. The possible biological significance of the detected integrin expression profile alterations and the role of microcirculation have been discussed.
Women's participation in the terrorist network in the view of gender
Authors: Siregar Husnatul Hamidiyyah , Nurfadhila Ulfah , Wargadinata Wildana
Published: December 2020

This study focus on gender Islamic regarding women's involvement in terrorism networks in Indonesia. The approach of Islamic studies becomes a paradigm or point of view in understanding gender issues, especially terrorism in Indonesia. This study has some objectives. There are how the approach of gender in Islam is, how Islam and Terrorism, and how Islamic studies and women's participation in terrorism networks is. The design of this study uses a literature review. The results of this study indicate that humans (women and men) can perform their functions as khalÃ®fah, such as piety and not gender. The existence of Islam with the values of justice and equality greatly benefits to the oppressed and marginalized, especially women.
DETERMINING IMPACT OF SOLUTIONS WITH DIFFERENT CONCENTRATION OF CHEMICALS ON GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT OF MICROMYCETES SAPROLEGNIACEAE IN VITRO
Authors: Barinova Victoria , Bakhareva Anna Aleksandrovna , Batalova Ralina Rasimovna
Published: December 2020

In connection with the prohibition of organic dyes (violet K, methylene green, etc.) in fish farming, the article focuses on searching the approach to solving the problem of treating culti-vated aquaculture objects affected by saprolegnium micromycetes by using chemicals that do not have a negative effect on the host organism. There have been presented the experiment results of determining the influence of chemicals solutions (hydrogen peroxide, hydroperite, boric acid, sodium chloride) and the medicinal preparation Monclavit-1 on the culture of micro-mycetes Saprolegniaceae isolated from the incubated caviar. There has been shown the effectiveness of boric acid concentrations from 0.1% to 2.0%; of Monklavit-1 – 0.005-0.03%; of hydrogen peroxide –

0.5-0.7%; of hydroperite - from 1.5% to 2%. The maximum fungistatic effect on the growth and development of saprolegnium micromycetes is provided by the chemicals: sodium chloride (4.0% and 4.5% for 5 minutes) and 0.4% solution of hydrogen peroxide with an exposure of 3 minutes. The obtained data suggest that using the above substances, taking into account the effective concentrations and exposures in fish farming, will reduce infection with saprolegnium micromycetes of aquaculture objects at different stages of development (from caviar to producers).
PROBLEMS OF CONTROL OF MIDWATER TRAWL COMPLEXES USING EQUATIONS OF ELECTRIC AND MECHANICAL DRIVES OF TRAWL WINCHES
Authors: Nedostup Aleksandr , Razhev Alexey Olegovich , Makarov Vyacheslav Valerievich
Published: December 2020

The paper touches upon the problems of transition to advanced digital, intelligent man-ufacturing technologies, robotic systems, new materials and design methods, the creation of systems for processing large amounts of data, machine learning and artificial intelligence. Automation of fishing process requires an interdisciplinary approach using modern information technologies. The possibility of using artificial intelligence technologies for solving the problems of predictive modeling of the behavior of a trawl system while fishing on a self-learning neural network has been proved. The equations of electric and mechanical drives of trawl winches for controlling the shape-changing design of a midwater trawl are given. The question of improving the control characteristics of a midwater trawl system by introducing a control architecture adapted for the trawl system taking into account the industrial requirements and by developing a mathematical model of the trawl system, in-cluding an accurate model of hydrodynamic forces on the trawl flaps is considered.
López Obrador o la izquierda que no es
Authors: Centeno Ramón I.
Published: December 2020

Por primera vez, la democracia mexicana tiene en el poder a un presidente que define a su gobierno como “posneoliberal”. Al respecto, en este artículo explico que México está frente a la paradoja de un giro a la izquierda tan drástico como impotente. De lejos, el gobierno de Andrés Manuel López Obrador es el más poderoso que ha tenido la joven democracia mexicana; sin embargo, está muy lejos de desmontar al neoliberalismo. Aquí propongo que estamos frente a un progresismo fallido, por lo que concluyo que es un sinsentido conceptualizar como “de izquierda” a este gobierno.
Fagleg forysta eða stjórnun í erli dagsins: Hlutverk og staða aðstoðarskólastjóra í grunnskólum Reykjavíkur
Authors: Sigurðardóttir Dóra Margrét , Ragnarsdóttir Guðrún
Published: December 2020

Niðurstöður rannsókna á erlendum vettvangi sýna að hlutverk aðstoðarskólastjóra í stjórnun og forystu skóla verður umfangsmeira eftir því sem kröfur um árangur nemenda aukast og skólastarf verður flóknara. Einnig sýna rannsóknir að hlutverk aðstoðarskólastjóra í grunnskólum getur verið mjög margþætt og brotakennt. Greinin fjallar um reynslu aðstoðarskólastjóra af hlutverki sínu og stöðu þegar kemur að stjórnun og forystu, og er byggð á viðtölum við átta aðstoðarskólastjóra sem valdir voru af handahófi úr hópi aðstoðarskólastjóra í grunnskólum Reykjavíkur. Helstu niðurstöður rannsóknarinnar eru þær að aðstoðarskólastjórar í Reykjavík sjá sjálfa sig sem stjórnendur skóla fremur en faglega leiðtoga, enda fer mestur tími þeirra í daglega stjórnun skólans, svo sem að leysa úr forföllum starfsfólks og koma að úrlausnum ýmissa mála er snúa að nemendum og starfsfólki. Aðstoðarskólastjórarnir vildu gjarnan geta sinnt faglegri forystu í meiri mæli en þeir gera, en þeir upplifa að í erli dagsins gefist þeim fá tækifæri til slíkrar forystu. Niðurstöðurnar vekja upp áleitnar spurningar um starfsumhverfi aðstoðarskólastjóra, stöðu þeirra og óskýrt hlutverk.
The Contribution of Fermentation Technology to the Value Added of Certification Cocoa in the Subak Abian Amerta Nadi Tuwed Village Melaya District Jembrana Regency
Authors: Intarini Luh Putu , Budiasa I Wayan , Sudarma I Made
Published: December 2020

The development of cocoa as an export commodity has become an important issue in the global trade sector, where cocoa is one of the export commodities.  The implementation of a sustainable certification program with fermentation processing is very important, this is because consumers' demands are increasingly critical, especially in the aspects of quality, health and product safety to how the product can be socially beneficial and not cause negative impacts on the environment.

The study was conducted on sustainable certification cocoa farmers in Jembrana Regency.  Determination of respondents carried out intentionally (purposive sampling) as many as 40 respondents did cocoa fermentation and as many as 30 respondents who did not ferment cocoa taken by survey methods.  Data analysis techniques using different test analysis and value added analysis using the Hayami method. 

The results showed that the income of cocoa farmers experienced a significant increase in the fermentation and non-fermentation processing.  The fermentation production process with an output of 118 kg gets a profit of Rp. 8.911,- with a percentage or level of profit of 39,27 percent of the output value of Rp. 20.911, so from the calculation of profit margins in the cocoa fermentation process the net profit received by farmers is Rp.  8.065,- per production process.  Based on the analysis of farmer's income and analysis of added value of cocoa fermentation shows that there is an increase in farmer's income and there is added value obtained by farmers who carry out cocoa fermentation, it provides benefits for cocoa farmers in Jembrana District in addition to increasing income, cocoa added value, and can maintain quality  cocoa. It is expected that farmers who participate in certification will conduct fermentation processing to maintain the quality of cocoa beans and increase income, it is necessary to support from local and provincial governments as well as other parties as a steakholder providing technical guidance to cocoa farmers.
The Strategy of Budget Disbursement Optimization in The Agency of Public Works and Spatial Planning of Bogor Regency
Authors: Rizkia Tatu , Hakim Dedi Budiman , Falatehan A Faroby
Published: December 2020

The research is conducted according to budget realization report of Public Works and Spatial Planning Office (DPUPR) of Bogor Regency. DPUPR of Bogor Regency is one of Local Government Working Unit (SKPD) that get the lowest percentage of budget realization among others SKPD around Bogor Regency. This research aimed to find out the main cause of lack of direct expense disburesement and to formulate the strategy to optimize the disbursement of direct expense at DPUPR of Bogor Regency. By using likert scale analysis, it can be determined the main cause of lack of direct expense disburesement at DPUPR of Bogor Regency.The result indicate the main cause of lack of direct expense disburesement at DPUPR of Bogor Regency is that the good and service provider (partner) submit the disbursement at once in the end of year. Based on AHP(Analitycal Hierarchy Process) method, the strategy choosen to optimize the disbursement of direct expense at DPUPR of Bogor Regency is that making strict regulation for the good and service provider (partner) in order to good administration (Regency Regulation/Regent Regulation).
Sucessão em empresa familiar, gestão do conhecimento e processo de aprendizagem
Authors: Giongo Vitor Germano Bortolini , Moraes Jhony Pereira
Published: December 2020

Este estudo tem por objetivo realizar uma análise bibliométrica sobre a produção científica brasileira acerca da sucessão em empresas familiares, gestão do conhecimento e processo de aprendizagem. As empresas familiares constituem quase 90% do quadro de empresas brasileiras, correspondendo a 65% do PIB brasileiro e cerca de 75% de geração de emprego no território nacional. Também, quase 70% das empresas de cunho familiar permanecem na primeira geração – ou seja, o proprietário idealizador -  e pouco mais de 5% chegam até a terceira geração da família. Para a pesquisa foram analisados 1226 artigos na base de dados Scientific Periodicals Eletronic Library (SPELL). Em síntese, percebemos que apesar de existir literatura a respeito de sucessão familiar, muitas vezes o processo de sucessão das empresas familiares não é planejado e é abrupto. Entendemos, também, que existe uma deficiência de estudo quando se trata de interrelações entre gestão do conhecimento, aprendizagens e sucessão familiar.
Caracterização do perfil discente e impactos na educação do ensino superior frente ao período de pandemia do COVID-19
Authors: Tavolara Gabriela , Bonin Sara Massotti , Patrucco Luis Gustavo
Published: December 2020

O surgimento do vírus COVID-19 tornou-se muito rapidamente uma pandemia e a educação também sofreu incontáveis impactos como, por exemplo, a suspensão das aulas. Muitas instituições de ensino superior optaram pela substituição das aulas presenciais pelas virtuais, exigindo adaptações tanto de docentes, como de discentes. O objetivo desse estudo é caracterizar o atual perfil discente do curso superior de tecnologia em hotelaria da Faculdade Senac Porto Alegre e os impactos advindos desse cenário de pandemia e distanciamento social. A pesquisa foi realizada em junho de 2020 por meio de um formulário online enviado por e-mail para os acadêmicos do referido curso. Os principais resultados apontam que 20% dos estudantes respondentes foram desligados do trabalho devido à crise provocada pela pandemia. Para a maioria dos alunos as atividades remotas são acessadas e acompanhadas no ambiente residencial por meio de notebooks. As dificuldades para enfrentar as aulas remotas mais apontadas consistem em conexão de internet lenta, dificuldade de concentração no ambiente de estudos e o acúmulo de atividades remotas por semana. Foram salientados como pontos favoráveis a interação com o docente, o contato humano com colegas e a possibilidade de tirar dúvidas pontuais.
Law Enforcement Against Pollution of Beef Cattle Livestock Waste
Authors: Romansah Fauzul
Published: December 2020

The beef cattle business does not only have a positive impact in meeting food needs, especially the fulfillment of nutrition in the form of animal protein. But it also has a negative impact on the environment and people. This environmental impact is caused by housing factors, food factors, and disease prevention and control factors. The housing factor contributes to environmental pollution in the form of air pollution and water pollution. This research was conducted using a descriptive analysis approach which resulted in the conclusion that the factors that can affect environmental pollution from beef cattle fattening business, including management system factors whose management is not good, especially in the settlement of animal manure can cause unpleasant odors, water pollution, and pollution. soil. Meanwhile, the food factor has a very negative impact due to leftover feed and the expansion of fertile land for the production of food sources for cattle through deforestation which produces greenhouse gas effects. Manure management is needed to make it more environmentally friendly, as well as providing vaccines for livestock to prevent transmission of livestock diseases to humans.
Implementation of Batu Kuning Baturaja Terminal Based on the Regulation of the Minister of Transportation Number 40 of 2015 concerning Service Standards for the Implementation of Road Transportation Passenger Terminals
Authors: Sinabutar Nora Soraya
Published: December 2020

The effectiveness of terminal operation is related to how far the government carries out the terminal functions as it should be. To determine the effectiveness of the Batu Kuning terminal operation in Baturaja, based on the Minister of Transportation Regulation Number 40 of 2015 concerning Standard Services for the Implementation of Road Transportation Passenger Terminals, in this study using a normative-empirical legal approach. Furthermore, the effectiveness of the operation of the Batu Kuning terminal can be seen through four things in general, namely accessibility, facilities, comfort and security of the terminal itself in accordance with the Minister of Transportation Regulation Number 40 of 2015 that the operation of the terminal is obliged to provide safety, security, comfort, convenience, and equality service for the community. Batu Kuning Terminal as a class 3 type A terminal in Baturaja cannot be said to be effective because the accessibility, facilities, comfort and safety of the Batu Kuning terminal are inadequate because the indicators in the Minister of Transportation Regulation Number 40 of 2015 are not available. So it is necessary to add and repair Batu Kuning terminal facilities, both main facilities and task support facilities in order to increase the effectiveness of the terminal, not only the duty of law enforcement officers, but all parties using the road must cooperate with each other, be it AKAP, AKDP, ANGKOT drivers. and ANGDES, passengers, and all the people in the Batu Kuning terminal have the obligation to work together to support the operation of the Batu Kuning terminal to run effectively.
The Legislative Power of the House of Representatives after the Amendment to the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia
Authors: Musana Anis
Published: December 2020

The legislative power after the amendment of the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia (UUD 1945) resulted in a shift in legislative authority from the President to the House of Representatives (DPR). The legislative authority after the amendment of the 1945 Constitution predominantly rests with the DPR, however, the President and the Regional Representatives Council are also given the authority to form laws. The powers that be in the DPR do not necessarily make the DPR superior to the President and DPD in terms of legislation. It turns out that the strengthening of the legislative power that is in the DPR as a legislative body cannot prove that the resulting regulations are commensurate with the increased authority obtained after the amendments to the 1945 Constitution. In fact, regulations originating from the President and DPD as executive bodies appear to be more active than those that originate. from the DPR. This study aims to thoroughly analyze and map the legislative power of the DPR as well as the legislative power possessed by the President and DPD because after the amendment the three state institutions have legislative powers, if this happens it will have the potential to reduce the legislative power possessed by the DPR. The type of research used is a type of normative research with a Normative-Analytical approach that uses secondary data sources with primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials.
Validity of the Implementing Regulations of Law Number 7 of 2004 concerning Water Resources Post-Constitutional Court Decision Number 85 / Puu-Xi / 2013
Authors: Adzim Muhammad Fauzul
Published: December 2020

The power of law of statutory norms under the law after the reference regulation can be canceled by the Constitutional Court. The validity of the legal strength of implementing regulations from Law Number 7 of 2004 concerning Water Resources can be determined through a higher legal norm above it because a higher norm will lead to a basic norm which becomes the source of the legal norms under it. Likewise with implementing regulations of a law, the validity of which is determined by the legal norms above it as a whole or per article because the legal norms above are sourced and lowered as sources. In accordance with the theory put forward by Adolf Merkel in the theory of legal ranking, which states that a legal norm has two faces, das Doppelte Rechtsanlitz. Adolf revealed that a norm is upward as a source and basis for legal norms underneath. Thus, the validity of the implementing regulations of Law Number 7 of 2004 concerning Water Resources will lose its validity when the source norms have been canceled by the Constitutional Court so that amendments to Law Number 12 of 2011 concerning the Formation of Laws and Regulations by the DPR and President.
Institutional Importance in the Indonesian Rigidity System
Authors: Yanuar Madon
Published: December 2020

The formation of special institutions regulated by law has the same status as those regulated in constitution (constitutional importance). The purpose of this paper is to determine the urgency of the existence of a special state institution that has a constitutional importance in Indonesia's strictness system, in this case the state institutions are the National Human Rights Commission and the KPK. The writing method used is to use normative legal research. The results of the discussion illustrate that the emergence of a new state institution that is regulated by law, namely as a functional institution that handles a problem within their respective scope. The conclusion is that to overcome the complexity of problems that arise in society. The recommendation in this writing seeks to ensure that institutions which have the same degree as existing institutions are constituted to be included in the constitution in order to strengthen their position and authority.
Recruitment of First Level Court Judges in a State Administration Perspective in Indonesia
Authors: Rianda Hendi Gusta
Published: December 2020

The ups and downs and political configurations that have occurred in Indonesia since the old order, the new order until the reformation have affected the judicial power system in Indonesia and thus have an impact on the recruitment of first-level court judges. This study aims to determine the recruitment of first-level court judges since the old order until the issuance of the Constitutional Court Decision Number 43/PUU-XIII/2015. This type of research is a normative juridical research by assessing the historical approach and the comparative approach. The results showed that after the Constitutional Court decision Number 43 / PUU XIII / 2015, the recruitment of first-level court judges by the Supreme Court in 2017 was still with the same recruitment pattern as before, namely state civil servants.
Operasi Tangkap Tangan (OTT) Tinjauan Berdasarkan KUHAP Dan Undang Undang Nomor 30 Tahun 2002 Tentang Komisi Pemberantasan Korupsi (KPK)
Authors: Fanhar Frisca Tyara M
Published: December 2020

Fenomena Operasi Tangkap Tangan (OTT) menjadi polemik tersendiri ketika dasar kewenangan tersebut tidak diatur di dalam beberapa undang-undang. Hal ini memunculkan opini bahwa Komisi Pemberantasan korupsi (KPK) telah melakukan pelanggaran dan tindakan yang tidak prosedur dalam pelaksanaannya. Penelitian ini akan fokus pada tiga permasalahan hukum  yaitu menganalisa kekuatan hukum tindakan OTT KPK jika di tinjau dari aspek KUHAP dan Undang-Undang Nomor 30 Tahun 2002 tentang Komisi Pemberantasan Korupsi, mengetahui alasan KPK melakukan tindakan OTT terhadap perkara korupsi serta mengetahui idealnya KPK dalam melakukan OTT. Berbicara KPK dalam melakukan tindakan OTT jika di tinjau dari aspek KUHAP dan Undang Undang Nomor 30 Tahun 2002 tentang Komisi Pemberantasan Korupsi sebenarnya tindakan OTT KPK tidak memiliki dasar hukum kuat dari aspek yuridis hukum pidana menimbulkan masalah pelanggaran prinsip due process of law mengingat OTT tidak diatur di dalam undang-undang KPK dan juga KUHAP, dan alasan KPK melakukan tindakan OTT terhadap perkara korupsi disebabkan tipe atau kualitas sasaran korupsi bukan merupakan tindak pidana yang sederhana oleh sebab itu perlunya dilakukan OTT, dan idealnya KPK dalam melakukan OTT, maka harus dibutuhkan sistem administrasi perkara yang baik mulai dari tahap pengumpulan data dan informasi yang berpijak pada sumber informasi yang akurat dan dapat dipercara, setelah itu melaksanakan penyelidikan sesuai dengan SOP yang sudah ditentukan kemudian pada tahap eksekusi seperti melakukan pemantauan, undercover, penyadapan lalu OTT kewenangan tersebut harus sesuai di dalam peraturan perundang-undangan. Sebaiknya dasar hukum Operasi Tangkap Tangan harus segera dimasukan di dalam instrument pasal dalam undang-undang KPK agar kewenangannya pun tidak dipermasalahkan.
Kebijakan Formulasi Ketentuan Pengembalian Aset Hasil Tindak Pidana Korupsi
Authors: Kusnadi Kusnadi
Published: December 2020

Aparat penegak hukum dalam penyelesaian perkara tindak pidana korupsi, tidak hanya mengedepankan penghukuman fisik semata, tetapi juga mengutamakan pengembalian kerugian keuangan negara melalui pengembalian aset, oleh karena itu dibutuhkan adanya sistem yang memungkin dilakukannya penyitaan dan perampasan aset hasil tindak pidana korupsi secara efektif dan efisien. Kebijakan Formulasi Ketentuan Pengembalian Aset Hasil Tindak Pidana Korupsi di Indonesia saat ini tersebar di beberapa perundang-undangan diantaranya KUHP, KUHAP, UU Pemberantasan Tindak Pidana Korupsi (UU PTPK), UU Tindak Pidana Pencucian Uang (UU TPPU) maupun United Nations Convention against Corruption (UNCAC) 2003. Formulasi ketentuan pengembalian aset pada masa yang akan datang dapat menerapkan konsep perampasan atas harta hasil korupsi tanpa penghukuman pidana sesuai ketentuan Pasal 54 Ayat (1) huruf c UNCAC 2003. Pendekatan penelitian menggunakan pendekatan yuridis normatif dan pendekatan yuridis empiris. Narasumber terdiri dari  para Jaksa di lingkungan Kejaksaan Agung RI, serta Dosen Hukum Pidana Fakultas Hukum Unila. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan studi pustaka dan studi lapangan. Analisis data dilakukan secara kualitatif dan selanjutnya diambil simpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa formulasi ketentuan pengembalian aset hasil tindak pidana korupsi saat ini menganut  konsep  perampasan aset melalui putusan pengadilan yang telah memiliki kekuatan hukum tetap sedangkan Formulasi ketentuan pengembalian aset hasil tindak pidana korupsi pada masa yang akan datang diwujudkan dengan mempertimbangkan kepentingan Negara atau masyarakat selaku korban dari tindak pidana korupsi  dengan menerapkan konsep Belanda yaitu pemulihan aset pasca putusan pengadilan, berdasarkan konsep perampasan aset terhadap keuntungan yang diperoleh dari hasil tindak pidana, serta menerapkan konsep perampasan aset secara perdata tanpa didahului sanksi pidana sebagaimana telah dirumuskan dalam Pasal 1 ayat (3) RUU Perampasan Aset Tindak Pidana. Saran dalam penelitian ini hendaknya Pemerintah maupun DPR  melakukan harmonisasi ketentuan pengembalian aset yang terdapat dalam UU PTPK serta UU TPPU agar selaras dengan konsep pengembalian aset (Asset Recovery) yang diatur dalam UNCAC 2003, menerapkan konsep pengembalian aset pasca putusan pengadilan dan konsep perampasan aset terhadap keuntungan yang diperoleh dari hasil tindak pidana terhadap perubahan UU PTPK, dan segera mengesahkan RUU Perampasan Aset Tindak Pidana menjadi Undang-Undang guna efektifitas pengembalian aset hasil tindak pidana korupsi.
Studi Komparatif Antara Justice Collaborator Dengan Whistleblower Dalam Tindak Pidana Korupsi
Authors: Gultom Laura Naomi Rotua
Published: December 2020

Whistleblower dan Justice Collaborator berperan untuk memudahkan pengungkapan tindak pidana korupsi, karena tidak lain adalah orang yang berkecimpung dalam institusi yang ditengarai adanya praktik korupsi, dengan kata lain keterangan saksi tersebut menjadi kunci bagi pengungkapan suatu kasus tindak pidana korupsi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui persamaan dan perbedaan antara justice collaborator dan whistleblower dalam tindak pidana korupsi, dan bagaimana perlindungan hukum bagi keduanya. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode yuridis normatif dan yuridis empiris dengan analisis data kualitatif. Sumber data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah bahan hukum primer, sekunder, dan tersier. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa persamaan whistleblower dan justice collaborator terdapat pada 3 (tiga) kategori yaitu visi dan misi dalam mengungkap tindak pidana korupsi, jaminan perlindungan baik berupa perlindungan fisik, psikis, dan hukum, dan penghargaan dimana whistleblower dan justice collaborator tidak dapat dituntut pidana dan perdata serta diberikan keringanan hukuman. Selain persamaan tersebut, terdapat juga perbedaan antara whistleblower dan justice collaborator terbagi dalam 4 (empat) kategori, yaitu subjek, motivasi, jaminan perlindungan, dan hukum acara. Adapun perlindungan antara justice collaborator dan whistleblower dalam tindak pidana korupsi yaitu perlindungan hukum berupa merahasiakan identitas saksi dan memberikan pengamanan terhadap saksi dalam proses persidangan baik perlindungan fisik, psikis, dan hukum.