bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Radial Acceleration Relation in CLASH Galaxy Clusters
Authors: Tian Yong , Umetsu Keiichi , Ko Chung-Ming , Donahue Megan , Chiu I-Non
Published: June 2020

The radial acceleration relation (RAR) in galaxies describes a tight empirical scaling law between the total acceleration

observed in galaxies and that expected from their baryonic mass

, with a characteristic acceleration scale of

m s−2. Here, we examine if such a correlation exists in galaxy clusters using weak-lensing, strong-lensing, and X-ray data sets available for 20 high-mass clusters targeted by the Cluster Lensing And Supernova survey with Hubble (CLASH). By combining our CLASH data with stellar mass estimates for the brightest cluster galaxies (BCGs) and accounting for the stellar baryonic component in clusters, we determine, for the first time, an RAR on BCG–cluster scales. The resulting RAR is well described by a tight power-law relation,

, with lognormal intrinsic scatter of

. The slope is consistent with the low acceleration limit of the RAR in galaxies,

, whereas the intercept implies a much higher acceleration scale of

m s−2, indicating that there is no universal RAR that holds on all scales from galaxies to clusters. We find that the observed RAR in CLASH clusters is consistent with predictions from a semianalytical model developed in the standard ΛCDM framework. Our results also predict the presence of a baryonic Faber–Jackson relation (

) on cluster scales.
Keck/HIRES Spectroscopic Analysis of Barium Abundances
Authors: Liu Shuai , Shi Jianrong , Wu Zhenyu
Published: June 2020

Based on the high-resolution, high signal-to-noise-ratio spectra from the Keck/HIRES, we have analyzed the barium abundances of 602 stars. The parameter space of our sample are in the range of 4700 < 

 < 6100 K, −0.1 < [Fe/H] < 0.6 dex, and 2 < log g < 5 dex. It is found that the nonlocal thermodynamic equilibrium (NLTE) effects are large for barium, and the barium abundances can be underestimated by up to 0.2 dex compared to the the local thermodynamic equilibrium analysis for lines at 5853 and 6141 Å. In addition, the average barium abundances of the high- and low-α stars are −0.10 and 0.00 dex, respectively, and higher [Ba/Fe] corresponds to a lower [Mg/Fe] ratio. We note that there are 18 Ba-rich stars (with [Ba/Fe] > 0.3 in NLTE), which contains six dwarfs and 12 giants. The Ba-rich objects make up around 3% in our sample.
Star–Gas Surface Density Correlations in 12 Nearby Molecular Clouds. I. Data Collection and Star-sampled Analysis
Authors: Pokhrel Riwaj , Gutermuth Robert A. , Betti Sarah K. , Offner Stella S. R. , Myers Philip C. , Megeath S. Thomas , Sokol Alyssa D. , Ali Babar , Allen Lori , Allen Thomas S. , Dunham Michael M. , Fischer William J. , Henning Thomas , Heyer Mark , Hora Joseph L. , Pipher Judith L. , Tobin John J. , Wolk Scott J.
Published: June 2020

We explore the relation between the stellar mass surface density and the mass surface density of molecular hydrogen gas in 12 nearby molecular clouds that are located at <1.5 kpc distance. The sample clouds span an order-of-magnitude range in mass, size, and star formation rates. We use thermal dust emission from Herschel maps to probe the gas surface density and the young stellar objects from the most recent Spitzer Extended Solar Neighborhood Archive catalog to probe the stellar surface density. Using a star-sampled nearest neighbor technique to probe the star–gas surface density correlations at the scale of a few parsecs, we find that the stellar mass surface density varies as a power law of the gas mass surface density, with a power-law index of ∼2 in all the clouds. The consistent power-law index implies that star formation efficiency is directly correlated with gas column density, and no gas column density threshold for star formation is observed. We compare the observed correlations with the predictions from an analytical model of thermal fragmentation and with the synthetic observations of a recent hydrodynamic simulation of a turbulent star-forming molecular cloud. We find that the observed correlations are consistent for some clouds with the thermal fragmentation model and can be reproduced using the hydrodynamic simulations.
VLA–ALMA Spectroscopic Survey in the Hubble Ultra Deep Field (VLASPECS): Total Cold Gas Masses and CO Line Ratios for z = 2–3 Main-sequence Galaxies
Authors: Riechers Dominik A. , Boogaard Leindert A. , Decarli Roberto , González-López Jorge , Smail Ian , Walter Fabian , Aravena Manuel , Carilli Christopher L. , Cortes Paulo C. , Cox Pierre , Díaz-Santos Tanio , Hodge Jacqueline A. , Inami Hanae , Ivison Rob J. , Kaasinen Melanie , Wagg Jeff , Weiß Axel , van der Werf Paul
Published: June 2020

Using the NSF’s Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array (VLA), we report six detections of CO(J = 1 → 0) emission and one upper limit in z = 2–3 galaxies originally detected in higher-J CO emission in the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array Spectroscopic Survey in the Hubble Ultra Deep Field (ASPECS). From the CO(J = 1 → 0) line strengths, we measure total cold molecular gas masses of M
gas = (2.4–11.6) × 1010 (α
CO/3.6)M
⊙. We also measure a median CO(J = 3 → 2) to CO(J = 1 → 0) line brightness temperature ratio of r
31 = 0.84 ± 0.26, and a CO(J = 7 → 6) to CO(J = 1 → 0) ratio range of r
71 < 0.05 to r
71 = 0.17. These results suggest that CO(J = 3 → 2) selected galaxies may have a higher CO line excitation on average than CO(J = 1 → 0) selected galaxies, based on the limited, currently available samples from the ASPECS and VLA CO Luminosity Density at High Redshift (COLDz) surveys. This implies that previous estimates of the cosmic density of cold gas in galaxies based on CO(J = 3 → 2) measurements should be revised down by a factor of ≃2 on average based on assumptions regarding CO excitation alone. This correction further improves the agreement between the best currently existing constraints on the cold gas density evolution across cosmic history from line scan surveys, and the implied characteristic gas depletion times.
Management of Transorbital Penetrating Intracranial Injury by a Homemade Metal Arrow: Serials Case Report
Authors: Prasetyo Eko , Oley Maximillian Christian , Islam Andi Asadul , Prihantono Prihantono
Published: June 2020

BACKGROUND: Transorbital penetrating intracranial injury (TOPI) is rare lesions, representing about 0.4% of traumatic brain injury. This uncommon injury has potentially severe and fatalities brain damage with high mortality rate if not promptly treated.
CASE REPORT: We presented three patients with TOPI following penetration by a homemade metal arrow; unfortunately, two patients (cases 1 and 2) death on arrival at our hospital. As a survival patient (case 3), a 15-year-old boy presented with a homemade metal arrow entered through a right superior orbital fissure into the right cerebral hemisphere. Plain skull radiograph showed that the tip of the shaft was located in the right of the posterior cerebral hemisphere and confirmed by computerized tomography (CT) and three-dimensional CT of his brain. Injury to the right middle cerebral arteries was apparent on non-contrast CT angiography. Using a right occipital craniotomy approach with C-arm radiography fluoroscopy guidance, we successfully removed the arrow. Follow-up studies confirmed an excellent outcome.
CONCLUSIONS: Pre-operative imaging is mandatory to evaluate the trajectory, brain, and vascular injury for appropriate surgical planning and post-operative care of patients with TOPI.
Expression of CD133 and Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 1A1 in Borderline Ovarian Tumor and Their Correlation with International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics
Authors: Dewayani Birgitta M. , Agustina Hasrayati , Puspita Desi , Hernowo Bethy S. , Suryanti Sri
Published: June 2020

BACKGROUND: Borderline ovarian tumor (BOT) is an epithelial ovarian tumor with atypical epithelial proliferation without stromal invasion. BOTs may have an aggressive fashion with associated microinvasion feature, peritoneal “implants,” regional lymphadenopathy, and higher International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage. CD133 is cancer stem cells (CSCs) marker that promotes cell proliferation and tumor invasion through induction of nuclear factor kappa B and upregulation of MMP9. Aldehyde dehydrogenase 1A1 (ALDH1A1) is CSCs marker that promotes cell proliferation through the upregulation of c-MYC and cyclin-D1.
AIM: The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation between CD133 and ALDH1A1 expression with FIGO stage. This research was performed as an analytic-observational with a cross-sectional design.
METHODS: This research using a paraffin block of patients diagnosed as BOT in Hasan Sadikin Hospital Bandung. Samples were divided in two groups: FIGO stage IA and FIGO stage >IA. All samples were stained by immunohistochemistry CD133 and ALDH1A1. All data were analyzed using the Chi-square test with a significant level 5%.
RESULTS: This study showed a statistically significant correlation between CD133 (p = 0.047) and ALDH1A1 (p = 0.042) expression with FIGO stage in BOT. Multivariate analysis showed there was no correlation between CD133 and ALDH1A1 in the affected of FIGO stage in BOT.
CONCLUSION: CD133 and ALDH1A1 in BOT can be considered as a factor to predict the prognosis of BOT through predict FIGO stage.
Risk Factors Associated with Initiation of Breastfeeding among Mothers with Low Birth Weight Babies: A Cross-sectional Multicenter Study in Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
Authors: Taha Zainab , Ali Hassan Ahmed , Ludmilla Wikkeling-Scott  , Dimitrios Papandreou
Published: June 2020

BACKGROUND: Early initiation of breastfeeding is important for good lactation outcomes and has long been recommended by the World Health Organization. Recommendations are based on research showing that breastfeeding saves children’s lives, particularly among vulnerable populations such as low birth weight (LBW) neonates. In spite of a consistent rise in LBW deliveries, and in spite of the importance of breastfeeding for the survival of LBW neonates, a dearth of research exists regarding early initiation of breastfeeding for this population.
AIM: The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of, and factors associated with the initiation of breastfeeding among mothers with children aged <2 years who were LBW in Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates (UAE).
METHODS: The data for this cross-sectional study were extracted from a larger project on the evaluation of breastfeeding practices in Abu Dhabi. The original data were collected from seven health-care centers located in different urban and suburban areas of Abu Dhabi during 2017. A structured questionnaire was used by trained research assistants who collected relevant data from mothers during the interview.
RESULTS: The study included a total of 1822 mothers of children below the age of 2 years; 175 (9.6%) of those children were identified as LBW. The mean standard deviation [SD] ages of the mothers and the children were 30.5 (5.0) years and 6.0 (5.1) months, respectively. The mean birth weight (SD) of the LBW children was 2079.6 (255.0) grams. Forty (29.9%) mothers of LBW children initiated breastfeeding within the 1
st h. Sixty-four (47.8%) were delivered vaginally, and 70 (52.2%) were delivered through cesarean section (CS). In multivariable logistic regression analysis, the only factor associated with delayed initiation of breastfeeding among the LBW children was CS (adjusted odds ratio 2.33; 95% confidence interval 1.07, 5.07).
CONCLUSION: The prevalence of LBW was 9.6%, and it was associated with delayed initiation of breastfeeding as compared to the normal birth weight babies. While early initiation of breastfeeding should be promoted for all newborns, LBW infants are recognized as a vulnerable group and thus require additional support. There should be more emphasis on promoting and facilitating breastfeeding for LBW babies, especially those delivered by CS.
A review of ecosystem condition accounts: lessons learned and options for further development
Authors: Maes Joachim , Driver Amanda , Czúcz Bálint , Keith Heather , Jackson Bethanna , Nicholson Emily , Dasoo Malik
Published: June 2020

Ecosystem condition accounts are part of the System of Environmental-Economic Accounting – Experimental Ecosystem Accounting (SEEA EEA). An ecosystem condition account contains aggregated statistical information about the overall abiotic and biotic quality of an ecosystem at a policy relevant spatial scale. This article reviews 23 publicly-accessible reports undertaken or commissioned by government agencies, academic and non-government organisations that discuss or present an ecosystem condition account. This analysis revealed that ecosystem condition is usually reported for one or more ecosystem types, but there is little consistency in the terminology used to define ecosystem types. All case studies report variables or indicators that measure specific ecosystem characteristics in order to make inferences about the overall condition of ecosystems. All studies included biotic indicators and almost all studies included species-based indicators in the condition account. The thematic aggregation of indicators into a single composite index (or in a few composite sub-indices) is not a standard practice, but applied in about half of the studies. The definition and use of a reference condition or reference levels for specific indicators against which the reported condition can be evaluated is not a standard practice, but was applied in about half of the studies. Based on this analysis, we suggest the revision of the SEEA EEA to propose a globally-consistent typology of ecosystem types; to recommend a list of ecosystem condition indicators according to an agreed classification; to provide further guidance on aggregation methods and on the development of an ecosystem condition index that can be used to compare ecosystem condition across ecosystem types and across different accounting areas; to provide further guidance on how best to set reference levels and reference conditions against which the past, current and future ecosystem condition can be assessed; and to propose a standard set of statistical tables for reporting the condition account.
Diamond frogs forever: a new species of Rhombophryne Boettger, 1880 (Microhylidae, Cophylinae) from Montagne d’Ambre National Park, northern Madagascar
Authors: Scherz Mark D.
Published: June 2020

Although taxonomic progress on the frogs of Madagascar is currently proceeding at an unprecedented pace, the goal of completing the amphibian inventory of this hyper-diverse island is still far off. In part this is because more new species continue to be discovered at a high rate, in some cases within well-studied areas. Here, I describeRhombophryne ellaesp. nov., a new species of diamond frog discovered in Montagne d’Ambre National Park in northern Madagascar in 2017. This new species is highly distinctive in having orange flash-markings on its hindlimbs (not known from any described species ofRhombophryne), and large, black inguinal spots (larger than in all other describedRhombophrynespecies). It is separated from all named species ofRhombophryneby a substantial uncorrected pairwise distance in the 16S rRNA mitochondrial barcode marker (> 7%) and is most closely related to an undescribed candidate species from Tsaratanana in northern Madagascar.Rhombophryne ellaesp. nov.adds another taxon to the growing list of cophyline microhylids that have red to orange flash-markings, the function of which remains unknown and which has clearly evolved repeatedly in this radiation. The discovery of such a distinctive species within a comparatively well-studied park points toward the low detectability of semi-fossorial frogs and the role of inclement weather in increasing that detectability.
Raynaud Phenomenon in Systemic Sclerosis: Does Digital Thermal Monitoring Correlate to Specific Nailfold Videocapillaroscopy Abnormalities?
Authors: Thomas Julie K. , Radic Mislav , Tucker Jordan R. , Overbury Rebecca , Frech Tracy M.
Published: June 2020

Objective.

Early diagnosis of systemic sclerosis (SSc) is imperative, and Raynaud phenomenon (RP) is an important component of progressive vasculopathy. Nailfold videocapillaroscopy (NVC) is a well-established tool that can quantify structural vascular abnormalities. Digital thermal monitoring (DTM) assesses microvascular functional dysfunction related to thermoregulation. In this study, we investigated the correlation of NVC patterns and DTM variables in patients with SSc.

Methods.

Patients with SSc according to the 2013 American College of Rheumatology/European League Against Rheumatism criteria who consented and enrolled in the clinical care registry had NVC and DTM performed. For NVC, the number of capillaries (density), measurement of apical diameter (dimension), presence or absence of hemorrhages, and number of abnormal shapes were assessed to categorize 3 different qualitative patterns: early, active, and late. For DTM, Doppler ultrasound hyperemic, low frequency, blood velocity of radial artery, and fingertip vascular function were assessed, and a vascular reactivity index (VRI) measurement was automated. Statistical evaluation was performed by nonparametric tests to assess the correlation of NVC and VRI.

Results.

Thirty-one SSc subjects with interpretable NVC and DTM performed on the same day were included in the study. VRI was progressively higher in SSc patients with early, active, and late NVC patterns of microangiopathy (P < 0.0001). There was a significant negative correlation between VRI and microhemorrhages scores (r = –0.363, P = 0.044).

Conclusion.

Our study suggests that more advanced vasculopathy correlates to reduced microvascular function as detected by DTM and more advanced structural abnormalities detected by NVC. NVC and DTM may provide different aspects of vasculopathy quantification and complement each other as investigative tools.
Mixed Airway and Pulmonary Parenchymal Disease in Patients With Primary Sjögren Syndrome: A 6-year Follow-up
Authors: Nilsson Anna Matilda , Aaltonen H. Laura , Olsson Peter , Persson Hans Lennart , Hesselstrand Roger , Theander Elke , Wollmer Per , Mandl Thomas
Published: June 2020

Objective.

To assess pulmonary function and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) development over time in patients with primary Sjögren syndrome (pSS), as well as the association between pulmonary function, radiographic findings, respiratory symptoms, and clinical features of pSS, taking cigarette consumption into account.

Methods.

Forty patients with pSS (mean age 66 yrs; range 42–81 yrs; 39 women), previously participating in a cross-sectional study on pulmonary involvement in pSS, were reassessed by pulmonary function tests after a mean follow-up time of 6 years. At follow-up, patients were also assessed by high-resolution computed tomography of the chest, as well as for pSS disease activity, respiratory symptoms, and cigarette consumption.

Results.

Patients with pSS showed significantly decreased percentages of predicted total lung capacity (TLC), residual volume (RV), RV/TLC ratio, and diffusing capacity of the lungs for carbon monoxide, as well as an increase in predicted forced expiratory volume in 1 second/vital capacity (FEV1/VC) ratio from baseline to follow-up. The proportion of COPD in patients with pSS did not change significantly from baseline to follow-up (38% vs 40%, respectively). Radiographic signs of bronchial involvement and interstitial lung disease were each found in 38% of the patients.

Conclusion.

Both airway and pulmonary parenchymal disease were commonly found in patients with pSS, with a coexistence of both an obstructive and restrictive pulmonary function pattern, where the latter tended to deteriorate over time. COPD was a common finding. Airway and pulmonary involvement may be underdiagnosed in pSS, which is why special attention to clinical assessment of pulmonary involvement in patients with pSS is mandated.
Proceedings of the 2019 Canadian Inflammatory Myopathy Study Symposium: Clinical Trial Readiness in Myositis
Authors: Leclair Valérie , Landon-Cardinal Océane , Aggarwal Rohit , Bansback Nick , Campbell Craig , Feldman Brian M. , Jarry Martin , McNamara Suzan , White Barbara , Hudson Marie
Published: June 2020

The Canadian Inflammatory Myopathy Study (CIMS) is a multicenter prospective cohort recruiting in 8 centers across Canada. One of the aims of CIMS is to conduct and participate in clinical trials in autoimmune inflammatory myopathies (AIM). Conducting clinical trials in rare diseases such as AIM presents challenges. During this symposium, experts in the field presented different solutions to successfully conduct clinical trials in AIM, including the importance of collaboration and careful trial design, as well as training and mentoring of young investigators.
The effect of sex and slaughter age on growth, slaughter, and carcass characteristics in Lindovskaya geese reared under breeder conditions
Authors: AKBAŞ Aykut Asım , SARI Mehmet , BUĞDAYCI Kadir Emre , SAATCI Mustafa
Published: June 2020

The study was conducted to determine growth, slaughter, and carcass characteristics of Lindovskaya geese. While a total of 237 goslings, 101 males, and 136 females were used to determine their growth characteristics, 16 male geese in total were used for the detection of the slaughter and carcass characteristics. Each slaughter group (12 weeks and 16 weeks old) consisted of 8 male geese. It was determined that the effect of sex on body weight values by week was significant (P < 0.05). In addition to this, the body weights of male geese were higher than the body weights of the female geese in all weeks. In the study, it was determined that the effect of the slaughter age on the weights of slaughter, head, blood, intestinal fat, and abdominal fat was significant (P < 0.05). Additionally, the values of the geese slaughtered at 16 weeks were higher compared to the geese slaughtered at 12 weeks. It was detected that the effect of slaughter age on the weight of the hot carcass, cold carcass, neck, breast and back, and other parts were significant (P < 0.05). Moreover, it was concluded that these values increased as the slaughter age increased. As a result, it can be said that slaughter age at 16 weeks was more preferable than at 12weeks under breeder conditions. Additionally, it has been revealed that Lindovskaya geese need to be reared under controlled conditions, with regular care and feeding, to obtain better results.
Quality choice and capacity rationing in advance selling
Authors: Ye Taofeng , Zhao Yan
Published: June 2020

This study considers a seller who sells a single product to strategic consumers sensitive to both price and quality over two periods: advance and spot. Customers' valuations are uncertain in the first period and revealed over time. The seller's decisions include whether to offer the product and, if so, the quality of the product, the prices in both periods, and whether to ration capacity in the advance period. The analysis is separated into two cases: unlimited capacity and limited capacity. The first case acts as a benchmark for the latter. It is found that in each case, the seller's decisions on product offering and quality choice are fully determined by a single parameter, namely the cost coefficient of quality. The optimal rationing policy and its determinants, however, are distinct in these different settings. And the optimal rationing policy is contingent on whether the high- or low-quality product is offered. Further, our numerical studies show that the seller can benefit from capacity rationing and flexibility on quality choice. Specifically, the value of rationing is not evident, whereas the value of flexibility on quality choice is considerably significant.
Air-Conditioner Group Power Control Optimization for PV integrated Micro-grid Peak-shaving
Authors: Al-Azba Mohammed , Cen Zhaohui , Remond Yves , Ahzi Said
Published: June 2020

Heating, Ventilation, and Air-Condition (HVAC) systems are considered to be one of the essential applications for modern human life comfort. Due to global warming and population growth, the demand for such HVAC applications will continue to increase, especially in arid areas countries like the Arabian Gulf region. HVAC systems' energy consumption is very high and accounts for up to 70% of the total load consumption in some rapidly growing GCC countries such as Qatar. Additionally, the local extremely hot weather conditions usually lead to typical power demand peak issues that require adequate mitigation measures to ensure grid stability. In this paper, a novel control scheme for a combined group of Air-Conditioners is proposed as a peak-shaving strategy to address high power demand issues for Photo-Voltaic(PV)-integrated micro-grid applications. Using the local daily ambient temperature as input, the AC group control optimization is formulated as a Mixed-Integer Quadratic Programming (MIQP) problem. Under an acceptable range of indoor temperatures, the units in the same AC group are coordinately controlled to generate desired power consumption performance that is capable of shaving load peaks for both power consumption and PV generation. Finally, various simulations are performed that demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed control strategy.
Alliance strategy of construction and demolition waste recycling based on the modified shapley value under government regulation
Authors: Huang Jun , Peng Ying , Tan Ruwen , Guo Chunxiang
Published: June 2020

Construction and demolition waste (CDW) recycling enterprises have an imperfect operation system, which leads to low recovery rate and low production profits. A feasible method to improve this situation involves seeking a high-efficiency enterprise alliance strategy in the CDW recycling system composed of manufacturers, retailers and recyclers and designing a reasonable and effective coordination mechanism to enhance their enthusiasm for participa-tion. First, we constructed a Stackelberg game model of CDW recycling under government regulation and analyzed the optimal alliance strategy of CDW recycling enterprises under punishment or subsidy by the government as a game leader. In order to ensure the stable cooperation of the alliance, we used the Shapley value method to coordinate the distribution of the optimal alliance profit and improved the fairness and effectiveness of the coordination mechanism through modification of the unequal rights factor. Finally, based on the survey data of Chongqing, we further verified the conclusion through numerical simulation and an-alyzed changes in various parameters at different product costs. The results show that the alliance strategy and coordination mechanism can improve the CDW recovery rate, improve the recycling market status, and increase the production profits of enterprises.
Análisis estático y dinámico de estructuras sándwich con núcleo monocapa de esferoides APM espumados in-situ con mármol
Authors: Ruiz-Román José M. , Sánchez de la Muela Alejandro , Cambronero Luis E. G. , Ruiz-Bustinza Íñigo
Published: June 2020

En el presente trabajo se estudia el comportamiento mecánico de las espumas de aluminio mediante la realización de pruebas estáticas y dinámicas de compresión. Una vez que se haya analizado su comportamiento, se debe poder decidir si este material es el adecuado para diferentes tipos de aplicaciones. Se comienza empleando piezas esferoidales de aleación de aluminio AlSi7, espumadas con mármol como agente de soplado, situadas entre dos placas de aluminio fijadas a las bolas con una mezcla formada por resina y un endurecedor. Por otro lado, se preparan otros paneles sándwiches con espumas de aluminio convencionales, adheridos con la misma mezcla a dos placas de aluminio. Estos dos tipos de mate­riales serán caracterizados mecánicamente.
Authoring Models of Regulations
Authors: Sunkle Sagar , Roychoudhury Suman , Kholkar Deepali
Published: June 2020

Modern enterprises operate in an unprecedented regulatory environment with the possibility of heavy penalties for non-compliance. Previous research in the field of compliance has established that the manual specification/tagging of the regulations not only fails to ensure their proper coverage but also negatively affects the turnaround time both in proving and maintaining the compliance. The contribution in this chapter is a framework that aids the domain experts in the transformation of regulations present in legal natural language text (English) to a model form via authoring and validation of structured English rules. This generated regulatory model is eventually translated to formal logic that enables formal compliance checking contrary to current industry practice, that provides content management-based, document-driven, and expert-dependent ways of managing regulatory compliance. The authors draw statistics from a real-world case study of money market statistical reporting (MMSR) regulations for a large European bank to demonstrate the benefits of aided authoring and validation.
The Current State of the Problem of Treatment of Patients with Proximal Humeral Fractures against the Background of Osteoporosis
Authors: Dorofeev Yuri , Murzaeva Dzhamilay , Alekberov Rovshan , Ryabko Evgeniya
Published: June 2020

This study focuses on problems of treatment of proximal humeral fractures occurring against the background of osteoporosis. It presents statistics on osteoporosis and lower energy trauma among patients in the Russian Federation and abroad. The high susceptibility to osteoporotic changes in the bone structure of the male population of Russia compared to the global statistics of osteoporosis among men was emphasized. The main classifications used in the clinical practice of orthopedists and traumatologists allow to identify the type of fracture by clinical and anatomical basis and to structure the existing patient management tactics to achieve the most optimal result of treatment and restoration of limb function. There is an analysis of publications representing various methods of fracture treatment, which helps to use the most optimal methods of relevant fractures treatment.
Results of the Proliferative Activity’s Analysis of Bifidobacterium Exometabolites in Regard to Hospital Isolates from Patients after Vascular Synthetic Prosthetics Implantation
Authors: Yurinov Artem , Timokhina Tatyana , Nekrasov Dmitrii , Sokolyuk Alexander , Svetkin Sergeii , Inozemtseva Anastasiia
Published: June 2020

Problems ofdevelopment of purulent septic complications in vascular surgery during the usage of synthetic prosthetics for shunting and arterial prosthetics are described in this work.Leading factors of development of prosthetic infection are described. Specialties of diagnostics and bacteriological researches wound discharge of wound’s discharge are shown. Tactics of complex treatment of patients with prosthetic infection are presented. This work is dedicated to the experimental researchof proliferative activityof the most encountered opportunistic microorganisms found from the patients of vascular surgery profile with purulent septical complications under the influence of bifidobacteriumbifidium’sexometabolites. Presented results proof the submission of proliferative activity of the most widespread antibiotic-resistant hospital’s isolates under the influence of bifidobacteriumbifidium’sexometabolites.Evaluation during the experiment in vitro of the influence of bifidobacteriumbifidium’sexometabolites on proliferative activityof opportunistic microorganisms.
Diagnostic and Prophilactics of Early Instability’s Development in Cementless Endoprosthetics of Hip Joint
Authors: Kuznecov Ivan , Dorofeev Yuri , Voronin Kirill
Published: June 2020

This work is dedicated to the increase of quality of patientstherapy during the execution of totalcementlessendoprosthetics of hip joint due to the prophylactics and early diagnostic of endoprosthesis components instability. Clinical material of this work includes the examination and treatment of 120 patients operated by the method of total cementlessendoprosthetics of hip joint. On the basis of computer tomography the dynamic evaluation of quantity characteristics of iliac and gluteus muscles was conducted in cases of patients with osteoarthrosis in terms from 6 to 12 months after endoprosthesis. The integral index of ileac and gluteus muscles condition was developed. Also the consistent pattern of this index change and CT picture of paraarticular muscles was revealed on the background of favorable progress of post-surgical period and the development of possible instability of hip joints endoprosthetics components.
Efficacy of the Combination of Metformin and CTLA4Ig in the (NZB × NZW)F1 Mouse Model of Lupus Nephritis
Authors: Cornaby Caleb , Elshikha Ahmed S , Teng Xiangyu , Choi Seung-Chul , Scindia Yogesh , Davidson Anne , Morel Laurence
Published: June 2020

CTLA4Ig, a reagent that inhibits CD28 signaling, has shown therapeutic efficacy in mouse models of lupus nephritis (LN) when combined with several other biologics or standard of care drugs. Unfortunately, clinical trials treating LN patients with CTLA4Ig (abatacept) have not met endpoints. Metformin, a drug used to control hyperglycemia that inhibits mitochondrial metabolism, lowered the effective dose of glucocorticoids and prevented major flares when added on to the standard of care treatment of lupus patients with low disease activity. Metformin combined with inhibition of glycolysis by 2-deoxyglucose showed therapeutic efficacy in multiple mouse models of LN. Because CD28 signaling triggers glucose metabolism in T cells, we hypothesized that combining CTLA4Ig treatment with metformin would have the same effect. In this study, we showed that the combination of metformin and CTLA4Ig decreased the development of LN in (NZB × NZW)F1 mice treated at the early stage of disease. This preventive effect was associated with a decreased expansion of CD4+ T cell effector subsets. However, contrary to the combination with 2-deoxyglucose, metformin combined with CTLA4Ig did not alter autoantibody production, suggesting different mechanisms of symptom mitigation. Overall, this study shows therapeutic efficacy of the combination of metformin and CTLA4Ig, two drugs with established safety records, in a preclinical mouse model of LN.
Vitamin D Regulates MerTK-Dependent Phagocytosis in Human Myeloid Cells
Authors: Clarke Jelani , Yaqubi Moein , Futhey Naomi C. , Sedaghat Sara , Baufeld Caroline , Blain Manon , Baranzini Sergio , Butovsky Oleg , Antel Jack , White John H. , Healy Luke M.
Published: June 2020

Vitamin D deficiency is a major environmental risk factor for the development of multiple sclerosis. The major circulating metabolite of vitamin D (25-hydroxyvitamin D) is converted to the active form (calcitriol) by the hydroxylase enzyme CYP27B1. In multiple sclerosis lesions, the tyrosine kinase MerTK expressed by myeloid cells regulates phagocytosis of myelin debris and apoptotic cells that can accumulate and inhibit tissue repair and remyelination. In this study, we explored the effect of calcitriol on homeostatic (M-CSF, TGF-β–treated) and proinflammatory (GM-CSF–treated) human monocyte-derived macrophages and microglia using RNA sequencing. Transcriptomic analysis revealed significant calcitriol-mediated effects on both Ag presentation and phagocytosis pathways. Calcitriol downregulated MerTK mRNA and protein expression in both myeloid populations, resulting in reduced capacity of these cells to phagocytose myelin and apoptotic T cells. Proinflammatory myeloid cells expressed high levels of CYP27B1 compared with homeostatic myeloid cells. Only proinflammatory cells in the presence of TNF-α generated calcitriol from 25-hydroxyvitamin D, resulting in repression of MerTK expression and function. This selective production of calcitriol in proinflammatory myeloid cells has the potential to reduce the risk for autoantigen presentation while retaining the phagocytic ability of homeostatic myeloid cells.
Upregulation of Multiple CD8+ T Cell Exhaustion Pathways Is Associated with Recurrent Ocular Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 Infection
Authors: Coulon Pierre-Grégoire , Roy Soumyabrata , Prakash Swayam , Srivastava Ruchi , Dhanushkodi Nisha , Salazar Stephanie , Amezquita Cassandra , Nguyen Lan , Vahed Hawa , Nguyen Angela M. , Warsi Wasay R. , Ye Caitlin , Carlos-Cruz Edgar A. , Mai Uyen T. , BenMohamed Lbachir
Published: June 2020

A large proportion of the world’s population harbors latent HSV type 1 (HSV-1). Cross-talk between antiviral CD8+ T cells and HSV-1 appear to control latency/reactivation cycles. We found that compared with healthy asymptomatic individuals, in symptomatic (SYMP) patients, the CD8+ T cells with the same HLA-A*0201–restricted HSV-1 epitope specificities expressed multiple genes and proteins associated to major T cell exhaustion pathways and were dysfunctional. Blockade of immune checkpoints with anti–LAG-3 and anti–PD-1 antagonist mAbs synergistically restored the frequency and function of antiviral CD8+ T cells, both 1) ex vivo, in SYMP individuals and SYMP HLA-A*0201 transgenic mice; and 2) in vivo in HSV-1–infected SYMP HLA-A*0201 transgenic mice. This was associated with a significant reduction in virus reactivation and recurrent ocular herpetic disease. These findings confirm antiviral CD8+ T cell exhaustion during SYMP herpes infection and pave the way to targeting immune checkpoints to combat recurrent ocular herpes.
Cutting Edge: TNF Is Essential for Mycobacteria-Induced MINCLE Expression, Macrophage Activation, and Th17 Adjuvanticity
Authors: Schick Judith , Schäfer Johanna , Alexander Christian , Dichtl Stefanie , Murray Peter J. , Christensen Dennis , Sorg Ursula , Pfeffer Klaus , Schleicher Ulrike , Lang Roland
Published: June 2020

TNF blockade is a successful treatment for human autoimmune disorders like rheumatoid arthritis and inflammatory bowel disease yet increases susceptibility to tuberculosis and other infections. The C-type lectin receptors (CLR) MINCLE, MCL, and DECTIN-2 are expressed on myeloid cells and sense mycobacterial cell wall glycolipids. In this study, we show that TNF is sufficient to upregulate MINCLE, MCL, and DECTIN-2 in macrophages. TNF signaling through TNFR1 p55 was required for upregulation of these CLR and for cytokine secretion in macrophages stimulated with the MINCLE ligand trehalose-6,6-dibehenate or infected with Mycobacterium bovis bacillus Calmette–Guérin. The Th17 response to immunization with the MINCLE-dependent adjuvant trehalose-6,6-dibehenate was specifically abrogated in TNF-deficient mice and strongly attenuated by TNF blockade with etanercept. Together, interference with production or signaling of TNF antagonized the expression of DECTIN-2 family CLR, thwarting vaccine responses and possibly increasing infection risk.
COVID-19 and cardiovascular disease in elderly patients: a challenge in the challenge
Authors: Costa Raffaele , Castagna Alberto , Torchia Carlo , Ruberto Carmen , Ruotolo Giovanni
Published: June 2020

On 11 March 2020, the World Health Organization declared a pandemic state, in relation to the spread of the severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus disease- 2, responsible for the coronavirus disease- 2019 (COVID-19). The pandemical blast of COVID-19 uncovered well known weakness of financial chain and put our economic organizations facing off dramatic consequences if new strategies will not be developed to adapt health-care on detailed sub-groups of patients. Frail individual aged >65 years affected by cardiovascular disease are an aged population that showed a particular attitude to contract infection and a higher mortality rate compared to general population. In this brief article, we will focus on the management of issues related to cardiovascular patients facing coronavirus infection, in particular in the most fragile groups of the population such as the elderly, increasingly numerous and affected by multimorbidity. Protecting aged populations will be a central question, probably primary in everyone’s interest.
Facets of career agility as explanatory mechanisms of employees’ career adaptability
Authors: Coetzee Melinde , Bester Marais S. , Ferreira Nadia , Potgieter Ingrid L.
Published: June 2020

Background: The fast-changing Industry 4.0 employment conditions require employees to be highly adaptable and resilient in their career self-management. More insight is needed regarding the manner in which facets of career agility (as indicators of adaptive readiness) explain the activation of career adaptability (as an indicator of self-regulated career management resources that help employees proactively respond to the demands of the modern-day technological-driven work context).Objectives: The study explored the career agility facets of technological adaptivity, agile learning, and career navigation as potential explanatory mechanisms of individuals’ career adaptability.Method: The study utilised a cross-sectional research design which involved a convenience sample (N = 177) of employees (mean age = 34 years; SD = 10.14) from various industries on managerial (39%), staff (38%), and professional consultant (23%) level positions across the globe. The sample was mostly represented by individuals employed in the South African organisational context (72%).Results: Multiple regression analyses revealed that technological adaptivity, agile learning and career navigation function as facets of adaptive readiness that explain higher levels of the career adaptability resources embedded in individuals’ career concern, career control, career curiosity, and career confidence.Conclusion: The findings contribute new insights into the construct of career agility and extends research on antecedents of career adaptability. Modern-day career counselling practice may find the results useful in helping clients be nimble in their adaptation to the changing career and job conditions of the digital era.
Knowledge, attitude and practices of environmental health practitioners conducting food-borne disease outbreak investigation at a local municipality in Gauteng province, South Africa
Authors: Mbonane Thokozani P. , Naicker Nisha
Published: June 2020

Background: Food-borne disease (FBD) outbreaks are a common occurrence that is either not investigated or poorly investigated. According to anecdote evidence, this is because of non-uniformity to environmental health practices in South Africa.Aim: This study aimed to determine and describe the knowledge, attitude and practices (KAP) of environmental health practitioners (EHPs) when conducting outbreak investigations of FBD at a local municipality.Setting: This study was conducted in three sub-districts of Ekurhuleni Metropolitan Municipality (EMM), one of five municipalities in Gauteng province, South Africa.Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted to collect data using a semi-structured questionnaire. Data collected were analysed using IBM Statistical Package for the Social Sciences. Continuous variables were compared using analysis of variances, and correlation was used to determine any association.Results: Knowledge responses were scored out of 9. Open-ended questions were themed into five items (support, guidelines, resources, training and specialisation). Sixty-one (76.3%) participants were randomly selected to participate in the study. There were more female participants (55.7%) than male participants, and the mean age was 30.9 years. The participants’ knowledge scores ranged from 1 to 9. There were 17 (27.9%) participants who have conducted FBD outbreak investigation. Twenty-six (42.6%) believed that they were properly trained to conduct FBD outbreak investigations. Age was associated with position (p = 0.000) and qualification (p = 0.033).Conclusion: The results indicated that there are gaps and challenges in the knowledge, while the practices were not consistent amongst environmental health practitioners. However, the attitude of EHPs was positive with regard to their role in FBD outbreak investigations.
On Pisier’s inequality for UMD targets
Authors: Eskenazis Alexandros
Published: June 2020

We prove an extension of Pisier’s inequality (1986) with a dimension-independent constant for vector-valued functions whose target spaces satisfy a relaxation of the UMD property.
Brauer trees of unipotent blocks
Authors: Craven David A. , Dudas Olivier , Rouquier Raphaël
Published: June 2020

In this paper we complete the determination of the Brauer trees of unipotent blocks (with cyclic defect groups) of finite groups of Lie type. These trees were conjectured by the first author in [19]. As a consequence, the Brauer trees of principal

\ell

-blocks of finite groups are known for

\ell > 71

.
Homotopy finiteness of some DG categories from algebraic geometry
Authors: Efimov Alexander I.
Published: June 2020

In this paper, we prove that the bounded derived category

D^b_{\mathrm {coh}}(Y)

of coherent sheaves on a separated scheme

Y

of finite type over a field k of characteristic zero is homotopically finitely presented. This confirms a conjecture of Kontsevich. We actually prove a stronger statement:

D^b_{\mathrm {coh}}(Y)

is equivalent to a DG quotient

D^b_{\mathrm {coh}}(\tilde{Y})/T,

where

\tilde{Y}

is some smooth and proper variety, and the subcategory

T

is generated by a single object.

The proof uses categorical resolution of singularities of Kuznetsov and Lunts [KL], and a theorem of Orlov [Or1] stating that the class of geometric smooth and proper DG categories is stable under gluing.

We also prove the analogous result for

\mathbb{Z}/2

-graded DG categories of coherent matrix factorizations on such schemes. In this case instead of

D^b_{\mathrm {coh}}(\tilde{Y})

we have a semi-orthogonal gluing of a finite number of DG categories of matrix factorizations on smooth varieties, proper over

\mathbb{A}_{\mathrm{k}}^1

.
IMPLEMENTASI PEREMPUAN TERHADAP PENDIDIKAN ANAK USIA DINI
Authors: Hizriyani Rina
Published: June 2020

Seorang Perempuan adalah ibu yang berperan besar dalam pembentukan watak, karakter dan kepribadian anak-anaknya. Ia adalah sekolah pertama dan utama sebelum anak mengenyam pendidikan di sekolah manapun.Namun tidak sedikit ibu yang beranggapan, ketika anak sudah masuk sekolah maka sekolahlah yang bertanggung jawab atas pendidikannya. Padahal peran ibu tidak bisa tergantikan oleh siapapun. Ibu memiliki peran lebih dari sekolah yakni membangun kecerdasan emosional anak bahkan membangun kecerdasan spiritual anak.Peran wanita selalu menjadi bahasan menarik, termasuk di dunia pendidikan. Dalam Islam, seorang wanita memiliki kiprah yang sama dengan laki-laki dalam hal pendidikan. Setiap muslim maupun muslimah mempunyai kewajiban yang sama dalam mencari ilmu dan membekali dirinya dengan berbagai macam ilmu yang dibutuhkan dalam kehidupan. Dalam sebuah hadits Rosulullah bersabda, yang atinya “ Menuntut ilmu wajib bagi setiap muslim” (HR. Ibnu Adi dan Baihaqi). Rosulullah telah memberikan perhatian khusus terhadap pendidikan muslimah. Beliau menyisihkan waktu khusus untuk mendidik dan menjawab pertanyaan mereka, para muslimah.
FEMINISME DAN GERAKAN SOSIAL
Authors: BENDAR AMIN
Published: June 2020

Fokus Tulisan ini  berupaya membawa perbedaan tersebut ke dalam keterbukaan untuk menunjukkan posisi subordinat kaum perempuan dan untuk menjelaskan sistem ekonomi dan politik dunia tidak mengistimewakan posisi perempuan. Feminisme dalam teori ini bisa dilihat sebagai proyek oleh kaum feminis untuk mem­pengaruhi perubahan sosial baik sebagai serangkaian penerapan maupun sebagai kumpulan teori. Feminisme mengadopsi gabung­an tematik dan struktur kronologis, menyatukan koleksi karya tokoh-tokoh yang tak terbantahkan dalam proyek ini, serta penelitian penting dari generasi sarjana baru. Fokusnya kemudian akan membuka wacana kehidupan sosial pada tradisi teori sosial yang lebih luas dan peduli dengan studi tentang kekuatan sosial dan emansipasi manusia.