bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Frequency of Clinically Palpable Breast Lumps in an Urban Medical Center Importance of a Surgeon Run Breast Clinic
Authors: Abbasi Fatima , Zia Muhammad Khurram , Usmani Muhammad Saad , Majeed Sobia , Tahseen Hina , Khan Imran Ahmed
Published: April 2023

The study of breast diseases and their epidemiology deserves special attention. Another reason that grants special value to the breast diseases is the way it affects women health both physically and mentally. The commonest breast symptom is breast lump. Breast lumps are the most common symptom bringing patient to a breast clinic. They are also the most common cause of serious trouble for the patients keeping in view the increased incidence of breast cancer. This is partially due to increased awareness among females. In this study we detected the frequency of clinically palpable breast lumps and their causes and treatment presenting to the breast clinic of a busy private sector hospital. Methods: Study design: Descriptive case series Place of study: Department of Surgery, Holy family Hospital Karachi Duration of study: 1 year (from July 2020 till June 2021) Study population: All females presenting to the breast clinic within the mentioned period Data collection procedure: All the information was taken by the patient through history. Informed consent was taken for examination. Further investigations according to the triple assessment protocol were done in patients who presented with a lump to ascertain the exact nature and etiology of lump. All the data was then entered in a predesigned proforma. Results: A total of 126 patients presented to the breast clinic in Holy family Hospital. The number of patients presenting with breast lump was just above half of the total patients i.e 66 patients (52%).Out of these 66 patients, majority was benign i.e 53 patients(80%) with malignant lumps accounting for 13 patients,20 % of the total patients with breast lump.60(48%) patients presented with symptoms other than breast lump. The most common symptom other than lump was pain followed by nipple discharge, skin diseases etc. Conclusion: Breast lump was the most common symptom in patients presenting to our breast clinic and majority were benign and did not require surgery. Keywords: Clinically Palpable, Breast Lump, Triple Assessment
Determining the Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Mothers Regarding Neonatal Care at Department of Pediatrics Fatima Hospital, Baqai Medical University Karachi
Authors: Inam Yasir , Akbar Jalal Uddin , Mehdi Syed Zafar , Khan Arshad Hamid , Haq Anwar Ul , Jalal Saif
Published: April 2023

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the mother’s knowledge of neonatal care and their attitude towards existing preventive methods and practices. Materials and Methods: A hospital based Cross-Sectional descriptive Study was conducted on mothers who delivered recently in Fatima Hospital, Baqai Medical University and the mothers visiting with their neonate age of 28 days. Results: A total of 385 participants including the neonates of age 1 to 28 days were included in the study. We found statistically significant relationship between the mother’s age and the mother knowledge of neonatal care (P value = 0.002). Moreover, other factors that we found significantly conducive were the relationships between Illness and medication, mother’s age and breast feeding, mother’s education, and neonate vaccination (P value = 0.002). Conclusion: In this study, we observed that most of the mothers were unaware of neonatal care. Many of them were ignorant of the neonate vaccination and national immunization days. Most of them treated their sick neonates with traditional home remedies rather bringing them to the hospitals. A high proportion of mothers withheld breast feeding and top feeding during neonate illness. Their knowledge regarding infected umbilicus, neonate inactivity and lethargy was scarce. These findings indicate that there is a room of improvement in the current mother’s knowledge and practices of neonatal care. This study will facilitate the policy makers to design new care seeking practices that foster better knowledge of neonatal care among mothers. Keywords: Neonatal Care, immunization, breast feeding
Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor in Patients Presenting to Khyber Teaching Hospital, Peshawar
Authors: Ayaz Muhammad , Khattak Muhammad Naeem , Tahir Yousaf , Ahmad Munir , Khan Aamir , Riaz Maira
Published: April 2023

Objective: To determine the frequency of presentations of gastrointestinal stromal tumor in patients presenting to Khyber Teaching Hospital, Peshawar. Study Design: Descriptive Cross Sectional Place and Duration of study: Department of General Surgery, MTI-KTH Peshawar. From 1st November, 2020 to 30 April, 2021. Methods: All patients were evaluated for their presentations (Abdominal Pain, Abdominal mass, Vomiting, Anemia, Weight loss and Hematemesis as per operational definition. All this data was noted and recorded on especially designed proforma. Results: As per frequencies and percentages for variable presentation, 42 (59.2%) patients had abdominal pain, 38 (53.5%) patients had abdominal mass, 36 (50.7%) patients had vomiting, 31 (43.7%) patients had anemia, 22 (31.0%) patients had weight loss while 11 (15.5%) patients had hematemesis. Conclusion: Our study demonstrated abdominal pain as the most common presentation of gastrointestinal stromal tumor in our local population as local evidence which was followed by abdominal mass and vomiting. Keywords: Abdominal Pain, Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor, Vomiting
Tip 1 Diyabetli Adölesanlarda Diyete Uyum Durumu ile Diyabulimia Riskinin HbA1c Düzeyine Etkisi
Authors: ÇELİK Gizem , ÖZTÜRK İclal
Published: April 2023

Amaç: Diyabulimia riski yüksek olan ve diyabetik diyet tedavisine uymayan bireylerin metabolik kontrolün önemli bir göstergesi olan HbA1c değerinin yüksek seyrettiği düşünülmektedir. Çalışmamızda Tip 1 diyabetli adölesan bireylerin diyete uyum durumunun ve diyabulimia riskinin saptanması ve bunların HbA1c düzeyine etkisinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışma; 9-18 yaş arası Tip 1 diyabetli, 54’ü kız ve 22’si erkek olmak üzere toplam 76 adölesan ile yürütülmüştür. Katılımcılara; genel bilgiler, antropometrik ölçümler, beslenme durumu ve diyabulimia riskine (Diyabette Yeme Sorunları Anketi) dair soruları içeren anket çevrimiçi yöntemle uygulanmıştır. Elde edilen veriler SPSS 26.0 programı ile analiz edilmiştir. Bulgular: Araştırmada HbA1c düzeyi 7 ve altında olan bireylerin %50’si diyetine daima uymakta, %25’i bazen uymakta, kalanı da uymamaktadır. HbA1c düzeyi 9 ve üzeri olan bireylerin ise yarısı diyabetik diyetlerine uymamakta ve diğer yarısı ise diyete bazen uymaktadır. Diyabetik diyet uyumu ile HbA1c düzeyleri arasında istatistiksel olarak negatif yönde anlamlı bir ilişki saptanmıştır (p=0.039). HbA1c düzeyi 9 ve üzerinde olan katılımcıların Diyabette Yeme Sorunları Anketi ortalama puanı (33.6713.31) anlamlı olarak HbA1c düzeyi 8 ve altında olan katılımcıların ortalama puanından yüksektir.

Sonuç: Tip 1 diyabetli adölesan bireylerde diyete uyumun zayıf olması ve diyabulimia riskinin yüksek olması HbA1c seviyesinin yüksek seyretmesine sebep olmaktadır.
Detection of Microbiological Activity in Some Collected Water Samples near Dumping Site of Solid Waste, Khartoum North, Sudan
Authors: Elamin Abbass Omer Abbass , Elhassan Abdelelah Mohamed , Abdelgadir Abdelgadir Elfadil , Mohamed Mariam Hamdan
Published: April 2023

A study was conducted at the Wadafiea landfill in Al Khartoum Bahri (North), Sudan, to determine the level of microbial contamination in water samples collected from nearby areas around the landfill. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of solid waste disposal in open dumps and assess the associated risks to water. The study tested for coliform bacteria (E.coli) and compared the seasonal differences between the samples collected during the dry and rainy seasons. The results indicated higher levels of E.coli contamination in each season, with the rainy season samples showing particularly high levels (66.03 × 10⁴ cfu/ml) compared to the dry season (31.93 × 10⁴ cfu/ml). It was concluded that the groundwater was highly polluted due to the current landfill location. The local authorities and the department of solid waste management were advised to close this landfill and relocate it to the outskirts of Al Khartoum Bahri (North) city. Additionally, it was recommended that international regulations for standard landfills should be maintained and implemented.
role of antioxidants in disease prevention
Authors: Hadi Pary , Markad Paresh
Published: April 2023

Antioxidants can protect cells from free radicals, which contribute to heart disease, cancer, and other diseases. Antioxidants, due to their variety of benefits, such as their anti-aging and anti-inflammatory properties, have attracted the attention of scientists in recent years. Antioxidants are still prevalent in many fields today, such as food technology. In this field, antioxidants enhance the taste and safety of a wide range of foods. It's been shown that antioxidants protect cells from oxidative damage, in both controlled lab settings and observational epidemiological studies. Although there are conflicting findings from clinical studies, it's still a controversial topic. This study aims to summarize the findings that have been made so far regarding the benefits of antioxidant consumption. The importance of antioxidants as an effective tool for preventing diseases throughout the world is also highlighted in this article.
The Traffic Signal of Inland Waterways
Authors: El-Khalfiy Amine Monaf , Anam Choirul
Published: April 2023

To control and regulate inland shipping traffic the use of inland waterways is needed. Signs inland voyages that are used are taken and determined based on UN ECE International provisions, which have been adapted for use in Indonesia based on a manual on inland waterway traffic signs in Indonesia in accordance with the RI Minister of Transportation Decree. NO. PM.3 / L / PHB - 77 DATE 18 MAY 1977.
Leadership of the Heart: Lessons From a 21st Century Arab Monarch
Authors: James Reynold , Al Saaidi Arwa Said Abdallah
Published: April 2023

The past half a century has witnessed a universal and publicly acknowledged bankruptcy of strong ethical and moral leadership within corporations and nations alike, aptly summed up by President Obama in 2009, as: “the attitude that’s prevailed from Washington to Wall Street to Detroit for too long; an attitude that valued wealth over work, selfishness over sacrifice, and greed over responsibility”. Given the deteriorating state of ethical and humane leadership within much of the current crop of leaders of industry and governments, there are a few valuable lessons to be learned from the life and work of Sheikh Zayed, the monarch of the UAE until recently. Most important perhaps, were his traits of selflessness, sharing, consensus building and striving untiringly to uplift those under his care, eventuating in the transformation of the UAE under his watch, from a state of impoverishment to one of prosperity. There is little difference between modern day CEO’s, monarchs and nations’ leaders. However, whilst they all enjoy immense authority and power, how and to what end they use the same is a matter of personal choice, that eventually determines their legacies. As monarch of a fairly new state, despite being relatively free of legal or institutional compulsions, Sheikh Zayed’s choices were always premised on the ‘others first’ principle, that transformed the UAE to its current state. Surprisingly, despite such rare qualities, little has been written about him in the mainstream western academic leadership and ethics literature, which is a shortcoming this article seeks to rectify.
Evaluation of Classification Systems and Their Correlation With Clinical and Quality-of-life Parameters in Patients With Surgically Treated Spondylodiskitis
Authors: Sircar Krishnan , Kernich Nikolaus , Herren Christian , Bratke Grischa , Eysel Peer , Jung Norma , Yagdiran Ayla
Published: April 2023

Introduction:

Surgical classifications for spondylodiscitis (SD) typically include radiologic features and the status of neurologic impairment. Clinical factors such as preoperative pain, function/disability, overall quality of life (QoL), and risk of recurrence and mortality, which are necessary for a comprehensive assessment of SD and measurement of treatment success, are not considered. There is a lack of external validation of SD classifications. The aim of this study was to validate classifications of SD and to correlate these classifications with the above clinical factors.

Methods:

One hundred fourteen patients from a prospective SD register (2008-2020) with available imaging, preoperative neurologic status, backpain, function/disability data (Oswestry Disability Index and Core Outcome Measures Index), QoL data (Short Form 36, European Quality-of-life Questionnaire), and a 1-year follow-up were retrospectively classified according to Akbar, Homagk, and Pola classifications. Interrater reliability, correlation among classifications, and correlation between classifications and QoL were calculated.

Results:

Interrater reliability was κ = 0.83 for Akbar, κ = 0.94 for Homagk, and κ = 0.99 for Pola. The correlation of Akbar with Pola and Homagk was moderate (ρs = 0.47; ρs = 0.46) and high between Pola and Homagk (ρs = 0.7). No notable correlation was observed between any of the classifications and preoperative Oswestry Disability Index, Core Outcome Measures Index, QoL, mortality, and recurrence within 1 year. Only a weak correlation was observed between Homagk and preoperative leg pain and back pain.

Conclusion:

Available SD classifications have a very good interrater reliability and moderate-to-high correlation with each other but lack correlation with preoperative pain, function/disability, and overall QoL. Because these factors are important for a comprehensive assessment of SD in severity, decision making, and prognosis, they should be included in future SD classifications. This could allow for more comprehensive treatment algorithms.

Level of Evidence:

Level II. Diagnostic study = prospective cohort study; development of diagnostic criteria.

Data Availability:

The data sets used and analyzed during this study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.
Explain the Fiqhi matters (How to explain, its importance ، Conditions Narrow minded،The effect of the matter)
Authors: Abahussain Asim
Published: April 2023

The research aims at: rooting for the truth of the jurisprudential portrayal, showing its importance, controls, and obstacles, and the impact of portraying the jurisprudential issue on jurisprudence and contemporary calamities. It is judged by a judgment, and the understanding of the jurisprudential issue and the coming down comes in the first place for the one looking into it before asking for its ruling, and this is of great importance and narrowing the gap of disagreement, and the depiction of the jurisprudential issue has controls, including: resorting to God and seeking help from Him, and exerting the wide in the perception of the incident the correct and complete perception, and sounding the words of the people Knowledge of problematic issues and comparison between them, reference to books that deal with mentioning the problem and its answer, knowledge of the jurisprudential skills and landmarks necessary when studying contemporary emerging issues, and there are a number of obstacles to depicting the jurisprudential issue, including: distance from the generation of companions and the creation of a new understanding, negligence and lack of understanding of the issue, and intolerance The doctrine, the error in transferring from the doctrine or not standing on it, the possibility of terminology, change and alteration in matters of life, and the depiction of the jurisprudential issue has important effects on jurisprudence and contemporary issues, Including: protecting the side of the Sharia from challenging it or replacing it due to its inability to include the rulings of contemporary calamities, and the mujtahid not getting reward for his diligence, and avoiding the occurrence of error in the jurisprudential ruling, or the abnormality of his saying, or adherence to it in what contradicts the rules of the Sharia, collecting sayings, and editing the place of dispute , narrowing the gap of disagreement, differentiating between similar jurisprudential issues, avoiding error in attributing to the doctrine or the scholar, and bringing the science of jurisprudence closer and understanding its understanding.
A determination of the influence of birth control among minority women in thailand: a qualitative study
Authors:   Faculty of Nursing, Thammasat University: Pathum Thani, Thailand., Sitkulanan Piyaporn , Chaisitsanguan Kunnikar ,   Faculty of Nursing, Thammasat University: Pathum Thani, Thailand., Winaiprasert Prakaipetch ,   Faculty of Nursing, Thammasat University: Pathum Thani, Thailand., Krutwong Amporn ,   Faculty of Nursing, Thammasat University: Pathum Thani, Thailand.
Published: April 2023

Contraception information and services are the basis of the health and human rights of everyone. Young girls who become pregnant are at greater risk for problems arising from early child deliveries. Contraception in older women likewise results in increased risk. It was found from the particulars of contraception use that the male partner has a great deal of influence, and that the same is true of the perspectives and experiences of the people surrounding his partner, the expectations of her family and her desire for more children. In Thailand, there are ethnic groups of numerous tribes, among whom are the Karen, who make up the largest of any such group. The Karens have a low rate of contraception use and low incomes with reduced resources. Thus, family planning is an important key in reducing their population growth and the impact on their economy, environment and development. The purpose of this study was to explore the determining influence of contraception among minority women in Thailand in the form of descriptive qualitative research. Data were analyzed using Colaizzi's method. The research showed that the use of contraceptive services by Karen women was restricted by the culture, beliefs and social conditions characteristic of their ethnic origin. The husband and extended family influenced their contraceptive decisions. The prevailing belief was that contraception is the duty of women. Some women used herbs for contraception. They had difficulty communicating when receiving contraceptive services. Karen people have little income; so they cannot afford expenses related to contraceptive services requiring them to pay for travel costs. Furthermore, the road conditions make the trip awfully difficult, and their houses are situated far from the hospitals. In conclusion, determining the influence of birth control among minority women in Thailand must be based on their beliefs, society and ability to access health services.
An Reliability Allocation and Optimization Genetic Algorithm Approach to (ARPA) Network
Authors: Muslm Israa Falih , Mahdi Mushtaq Talib
Published: April 2023

As communication infrastructures become more complicated, the telecommunications industry is expanding, which is why there is interest in creating an integrated broadband service for digital networking technologies like the Advanced Research Projects Agency Network (ARPANET). The topological design of the (ARPANET) has become a significant study topic because to the evolving traffic patterns and new technology employed in ARPANETs. The majority of researchers have addressed the issue of topological design and have put forth solutions that depend on expensive interchange-based equipment. We suggested a practical ARPA network model in this study. Network optimization is a component of ARPA Network design. To improve the ARPA network, we put forth a GA-based approach, and we also used the exponential cost function to determine how much of each component of the system should be allocated. According to study findings, Enhanced GA generates significantly better answers than Simple GA.
Intelligent Remote Sensing: Applications and Techniques
Authors: Raja Piyush , Kumar Dr. Santosh , Yadav Digvijay Singh , Kumar Dr. Amit , Kumar Ram Krishna
Published: April 2023

The development of remote sensing technologies over the last several decades has resulted in considerable improvements, which have made it possible for us to gather data of a high quality about the surface of the Earth and the characteristics it has. Yet, in terms of data processing and interpretation, the enormous volumes of data that are created by remote sensing devices provide a tremendous problem. The purpose of this paper is to provide a review of the most recent and cutting-edge techniques and applications of intelligent remote sensing. These techniques and applications aim to address these challenges by integrating machine learning, artificial intelligence, and other advanced computing techniques into the processing and analysis of remote sensing data. In this article, we will go through the fundamental components of intelligent remote sensing. These components include data collecting, data preprocessing, feature extraction, classification, and prediction. We also emphasize the potential of intelligent remote sensing in the management of real-world issues such as environmental monitoring, mapping land use and land cover, disaster management, and the mitigation of climate change.
Depiction of Women in the Selected Works of R. K. Narayan- An Analysis
Authors: Vanamala M , Himabindu S
Published: April 2023

R. K. Narayan, one of the greatest Indian writers and a major contributor to English fiction, has presented the lives of women around and depicted women characters with varied facets in his fiction. Most of his works reflect the predicament of women and the social reality in which they try to assimilate themselves at times. He is a writer who could portray women depicting their psychological urges. Narayan’s works depict the role of women in family and society and show a gradual transformation in these women characters and evolve them to their best at the societal spectrum. He portrayed his women characters with all shades creating a signature effect with regard to characterization of women in society.This paper examines the various female characters – modern as well as traditional and the differences in their thought patterns, habits, ambitions, beliefs, conduct, aspirations and their way of looking at life. My research focuses on few observations on the portrayal and depiction of women in the selected works of R. K. Narayan with a view of exploring the female characters and different aspects of human nature and human life. This paper also proves the fact that apart from providing aesthetic pleasure, these selected literary texts depict the various facades of women in our everyday lives. It also portrays a paradigm shift that the female characters experience by rendering a message to the world around. This paper gives few insights into life and the predicaments which as human beings we falter on. This paper also suggests and recommends the readers to explore such texts and characters to develop an aesthetic ability and a sense of appreciation for the works of R. K. Narayan.
Strategies for Successful Change Implementation: Insights from Senior Business Leaders
Authors:   Director of Administration & Financial Controller, GKG Law, P.C., Washington, DC-USA, Chagadama, DBA Prof. Dr. Joel , Luamba, DBA. Prof. Dr. Desire S. ,   Vice President and CEO, Star Light Consulting LLC, Manassas, VA-USA, Mutamba, PhD. Prof. Dr.  Edouard M. ,   Department of Metallurgy, Faculty of Polytechnic, University of Lubumbashi, D.R. of Congo, Mpunga, LLB. Denis Mpunga Wa ,   Attorney and CEO, Mpunga Law Firm, University of Likasi-D.R. Congo.
Published: April 2023

Approximately 75% of organizations' change initiatives fail to attain the expected results, affecting business growth and survival. Grounded in Lewin's three-step Model of Change, this qualitative multiple-case study explored strategies senior business leaders used to implement positive change. The participants were five senior business leaders who successfully experienced positive change management in their organizations. Data were collected from face-to-face semistructured interviews and various organizational documents and analyzed using Yin's five-phase analysis technique. The three business strategies for successful change implementation that emerged from data analysis were improving leadership support, implementing clear communication, and sustaining an influential organizational culture. A key recommendation was that open and effective communication allowed employees to understand the benefits of change and helped them embrace it. The implications for a positive social change included the potential for continued business growth and increased employment opportunities in the local communities.
E-Business Ethics Learning Effectiveness to Build Ethical Awareness, Moral Courage, and Ethical Decisions
Authors:   Sanata Dharma University, Yogyakarta, Indonesia, Anggraini Francisca Reni Retno , Karsa Yusef Widya ,   Sanata Dharma University, Yogyakarta, Indonesia, Siswanto Fransiscus Asisi Joko ,   Sanata Dharma University, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
Published: April 2023

Purpose: This study aims to determine the effectiveness of the use of E-Business Ethics Learning which is being built in forming ethical awareness, moral courage, and ethical decisions by comparing ethical awareness, ethical courage, and ethical decisions of students in business and professional ethics courses using E-Business Ethics Learning. with students who only read the text with the same case. Patients and methods: The design of this research is quantitative research with an experimental method. The data collection technique was carried out using an online survey using the google form application. Samples were taken from students who were taking courses in business and professional ethics. The data analysis technique was carried out by conducting different tests on the average scores of ethical awareness, ethical courage, and ethical decision-making between students who used E-Business Ethics Learning and those who did not. Results: The results showed that there were differences in ethical awareness and ethical decision-making between students who used E-Business Ethics learning and those who did not use E-Business Ethics Learning. This study found no evidence of a difference in moral courage between the two groups. This study also gave unexpected results that the mean rank of ethical awareness and ethical decision-making in the group of students who read the text was higher than the mean rank of the group of students who used E-Business Ethics Learning. Conclusion: The results showed that there was no difference in ethical awareness, moral courage, and ethical decisions between students who used E-Business Ethics learning and those who did not use E-Business Ethics Learning
Fundamentos Teóricos de Química Inorgánica
Authors: Ruiz Sánchez Clara Isabel , Herrera Feijoo Robinson Jasmany , Correa Salgado María de Lourdes , Peñafiel Arcos Pedro Andrés
Published: April 2023

Conocer los fundamentos teóricos de la química inorgánica es esencial para comprender los conceptos y principios esenciales de esta rama de la química, que se enfoca en el estudio de los elementos y compuestos inorgánicos; proporcionando una base teórica sólida para el estudio de otras áreas de esta ciencia. "Fundamentos Teóricos de Química Inorgánica", además de temas clave de la química inorgánica, como la teoría del enlace de valencia y la química de los elementos, también cubre temas importantes como la estructura de la materia, la teoría cuántica, la estequiometría y la clasificación de las reacciones químicas. Asimismo, se destaca la inclusión de temas relacionados con la medición de las propiedades de la materia, la descripción de los sistemas dispersos, entre otros. El objetivo de este libro es brindar una base sólida de conocimientos en química inorgánica, que permita al lector comprender los principios y fundamentos teóricos que rigen esta disciplina, con un enfoque claro y didáctico. El libro proporciona un excelente recurso tanto para estudiantes como para docentes. Razón por la que, "Fundamentos Teóricos de Química Inorgánica" es una obra esencial para aquellos que deseen profundizar en el conocimiento de la química inorgánica y comprender mejor sus conceptos fundamentales
THREE-DIMENSIONAL ANALYSIS OF THE CITY ENVIRONMENT CONTAMINATION WITH HEAVY METALS BASED ON THE FINDINGS OF THE SNOW COVER STUDY
Authors: Stepanova Natalya , Valeeva Emiliya , Elbahnasawy Amr S. , Sinitsyna Oxana , Fomina Suryana , Basyyrov Aizat
Published: April 2023

Analysis of the air environment and atmospheric emissions is an efficient method for assessing the ecological situation in cities. Assessment of the chemical composition of deposit environments (soil, snow) shows long-term contamination. The snow cover (SC), being a natural accumulating plate, reflects environmental contamination with heavy metals (HM) caused by entry from various sources. The work aims to study the three-dimensional dynamics of large city contamination with HM. Sampling (in 2019 - 100, in 2020-100, in 2021 - 280) was performed in the first decade of March. The samples were analyzed for the HM content by atomic absorption method on apparatus AAS 3. Simultaneously, the content of Cd, Cu, Zn,/, Ni, and Mn in the solid residue (mg/kg of dust), along with the HM fallout density per unit area for dissolved and solid phases (mg/m2) during winter period were calculated. The average daily dust load on the city territory was confirmed by relatively weak temporal variation, the difference in dust release during the winter seasons of the years 2019-2021 did not increase by 20%. In 2019, the SC dust level was characterized mainly as low (85.5 kg/km2/day). High dust level was observed only at the sites adjacent to large industrial enterprises (816 kg/km2 -day). In 2020, the dust level of the city of SC was the lowest (40.8 kg/km2/day). Along with the decrease of the total dust weight, which entered the SC, a decrease of HM entry as part of dust was registered too. The element-by-element analysis showed that Fe (80-87%), Zn (5-6.8%), Mn (3.45-3.6%), and Cu (1.3-2.7%) made the highest proportion in the dust. Ranking in value of the concentration coefficient (C-) was as follows: Cd 327 > -u 51 > Zn 38 > / 18 > / 13 > Ni 11 > n 1.3. The spread of Cd data in selected measurement points in dust fallouts on SC was achieved 900 times. In urbanized systems, the Cd behavior is regulated by the transformation of hydrocarbons, which involves the structure of atmospheric emissions in the city of Kazan. Correlation between the HM content as part of liquid and solid phases of the city SC indicates a statistically significant relationship with their technogenic entry into the atmosphere from one or several sources, and the composition of HM geochemical association in SC depends largely on the set and relationship of elements in other components of the urban environment. The assumption of the integrity of -d, Pb, Cu, and Zn source of entry (Spearman correlation coefficient 0.55-0.92) was confirmed. Data on the SC contamination not only deepen our knowledge, reflecting peculiarities of the atmospheric pollution spread, but also allow preventing the contamination of water bodies and soils.
Carta Editor Invitado G20
Authors:   Escuela Nacional de Antropología e Historia, Rodríguez Cano Laura
Published: April 2023

“Patrimonio, arquitectura y paisaje a través de la historia. Entre teorías y estudios de caso” En este volumen 10, número 20, de la Revista Gremium de Editorial Restauro Compas y Canto, se han logrado reunir siete artículos transdisciplinarios que discuten temas en torno al patrimonio arquitectónico y su impacto en el paisaje urbano o rural a través de contextos históricos específicos, tanto en México –Oaxaca, Veracruz, Guanajuato, Aguascalientes, Xochimilco– como en otras dos regiones del mundo –Europa y el Norte de África–. Los especialistas en arquitectura, arqueología, antropología, etnohistoria, historia y biología que aceptaron participar con sus colaboraciones en este volumen, contribuyen al análisis de los espacios habitados y ocupados por el ser humano, además que dan cuenta de los sistemas constructivos y del aprovechamiento de los materiales, así como de los recursos disponibles en el entorno.
Tipología arquitectónica y zonas de monumentos históricos, caso San Andrés Tuxtla, Veracruz
Authors:   Facultad de Arquitectura de la Universidad Veracruzana, Ochoa Acosta José Antonio , Guerrero Baca Luis Fernando ,   Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Xochimilco, Camargo Lara Michelle Angélica ,   Facultad de Arquitectura de la Universidad Veracruzana
Published: April 2023

La toma de decisiones sobre la valoración y conservación de componentes del patrimonio obedece generalmente a criterios subjetivos. En los años setenta resurge la tipología arquitectónica como herramienta para la valoración de estos componentes. Esta metodología muestra que la arquitectura denominada tradicional, vernácula, popular o “menor”, es portadora de elementos dignos de preservar, y abre la oportunidad para documentar y establecer criterios amplios de salvaguardia de poblaciones antiguas, donde coexisten inmuebles de diferentes épocas, estilos e importancia, puesto que los estudios tipológicos ayudan a identificar componentes y relaciones que podrían considerarse constantes dentro de determinados límites. Es por esto que el presente texto expone el resultado del análisis de tipología arquitectónica de la vivienda tradicional en San Andrés Tuxtla, Veracruz, la cual, derivada del registro de elementos que la componen, podría sustentar el establecimiento de una zona de monumentos históricos, tanto del caso en estudio como de poblaciones con características urbano-arquitectónicas similares.
Pemilihan Strategi Pengendalian Kehilangan Air pada Perusahaan Daerah Air Minum di Indonesia (Studi Kasus: PDAM Tirta Kerta Raharja Kabupaten Tangerang)
Authors:   Universitas Islam Syekh Yusuf Tangerang, Jl. Syekh Yusuf No. 10, Kota Tangerang, Banten 15118, Indonesia, Wahyudyanti Rima , Iqbal Rofiq ,   Program Magister Pengelolaan Infrastruktur Air dan Sanitasi, Institut Teknologi Bandung
Published: April 2023

PDAM Tirta Kerta Raharja adalah PDAM Kabupaten yang melayani seluruh Kabupaten Tangerang, Indonesia. Persentase kehilangan air keseluruhan pada 2017 adalah 14,84%. Namun, jika dilihat dari jumlah kehilangan air per area layanan diketahui bahwa masih ada area layanan yang memiliki persentase di atas 20% di antaranya adalah Area Layanan I, II dan III dengan persentase kehilangan air 34,30% atau 17.030.638 m3/tahun pada tahun 2017. Dalam penelitian sebelumnya diketahui bahwa pemilihan strategi pengendalian kehilangan air dipengaruhi oleh multi-kriteria yang memiliki hubungan terkait dan penerapan strategi pengendalian kehilangan air dapat menghasilkan keuntungan yang lebih besar, jika dibandingkan dengan biaya yang dikeluarkan dalam menerapkan strategi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menentukan strategi pengendalian kehilangan air menggunakan metode Analytic Network Process (ANP) dengan bantuan Superdecision 2.6.0 dan analisis keuangan. Dari hasil analisis menggunakan metode ANP kriteria yang paling berpengaruh dalam pengambilan keputusan dalam pemilihan strategi pengendalian kehilangan air adalah kriteria layanan dan sub kriteria prioritas adalah ruang lingkup layanan teknis yang optimal. Dari penelitian ini, program pengendalian kehilangan air yang direkomendasikan adalah kombinasi dari program pengendalian kehilangan air komersial dan fisik, yaitu peningkatan akurasi meter pelanggan, optimalisasi ketelitian pembacaan meter dan penanganan data penagihan dan pengendalian kebocoran aktif. Kata Kunci: Analytic Network Process (ANP), Kehilangan air, Multikriteria, Neraca Air, PDAM
Fiber-Optic Bundles Create a World of Pure Imagination
Authors: Guenther Derek
Published: April 2023

Fiber optics have undoubtedly changed the world of spectroscopy and communications, existing as a foundation for countless platforms we encounter and work with each day. The use of multiple fibers in a bundle further expands these capabilities in several ways, some of which are obvious, and others that are more concealed and clever. Starting as a Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) encoding project under the guise of “gastroscope development,” fiber-optic bundles have evolved into many uses across industries. In this column, we explore this intriguing history and where it has led to, including the use of modern processing techniques that allow three-dimensional (3D) interpretations of traditionally two-dimensional (2D) readings.
Process Analytical Technology (PAT) Model Lifecycle Management
Authors: McDermott Larry
Published: April 2023

Many applications of process analytical technologies (PAT) use spectroscopic measurements that are based on prediction models. The accuracy of the models can be affected by a number of factors such as aging equipment, slight changes in the active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) or excipients, or previously unidentified process variations. Because models are living documents and must reflect the changes in the process to remain accurate, the models need to be updated and managed. This summary describes how one major pharmaceutical company approaches the challenges of managing these models.
Spiritual Coping and Quality of Life in Infertile Couples: Evidence from a Fertility Center in Lahore, Pakistan
Authors: Amjad Aaisha , Ahmad Khalil
Published: April 2023

This study aims to investigate the association between spiritual coping and quality of life in infertile couples. The researchers used a cross-sectional survey research design for carrying out this study. Data was collected from 58 infertile couples visiting Lahore Institute of Fertility and Endocrinology (LIFE), Hameed Latif Hospital for infertility diagnosis or treatment. A self-structured questionnaire was used to collect data about socio-demographics, spiritual coping and quality of life. The researchers used SPSS IBM Version 21.0 to analyze quantitative data. The results showed a significant relationship between spiritual coping and quality of life in infertile couples. It was furthermore found that spiritual coping and quality of life in infertile couples varied across their gender, age, education, area of residence, family system and income level. On the basis of these findings, the researchers suggest that infertility counseling should be imparted at fertility centers involving spiritual coping that may help infertile couples in improving their quality of life, especially during the treatment process.
Recursão e a intertextualidade:
Authors: Pereira Selma Lúcia de Assis , Marques Carolina Lopes
Published: April 2023

O objetivo deste artigo propor uma investigação a respeito da recursão segundo Corballis, (2014), Cavalcanti (2015) quanto ao fenômeno da intertextualidade.  recategorização na construção de processos de sentidos de textos verbo-visuais. Nosso objeto de pesquisa foi de recategorização na construção de processos de sentidos de textos verbo-visuais, em especial a charge em razão da realização dos XV Jogos Pan-Americanos sediado no Rio de Janeiro em 2007. Podemos observar que as propagandas publicitárias produzem sentidos dialogando com o contexto sociocultural-econômico.  Dessa forma, concluímos que os textos multimodais possibilitam ao leitor novos significados através da recursividade.
Zurück zum „Divided Government“: Die US-amerikanischen Kongresswahlen vom 8. November 2022
Authors: Kolkmann Michael
Published: April 2023

The 2022 Congressional elections have ended with ambivalent results . Typically, the party of the governing president loses seats in midterm elections, sometimes several dozens . In this regard, President Joe Biden and his party managed to achieve a surprisingly good result . While his Democrats lost their narrow majority to Republicans in the U .S . House of Rep- resentatives, they succeeded in keeping their equally narrow majority in the U .S . Senate . In the 118th Congress, Washington will be dominated by “divided government”, meaning one party has control over the House and the other party dominates the Senate and the White House . In regard to its composition, the new Congress is more diverse than ever . The elec- tion of Republican Kevin McCarthy as new speaker after 15 ballots indicates that, due to its heterogenous membership, it will be very hard in the upcoming two years to secure majori- ties for far reaching legislative projects . Republicans have already announced that they will focus on investigating various policy areas of the Biden administration as well as the presi- dent and his family himself . After last year’s midterm election, all eyes will be on the con- gressional and presidential elections of 2024 which will overshadow current political devel- opments in the United States .
Online-Zugang und digitale Teilhabe im Alter
Authors: Kubicek Herbert
Published: April 2023

Der jüngste E-Government-Monitor beklagt, dass die Nutzung auf niedrigem Niveau stagniert. Mit dem Onlinezugangsgesetz soll wieder einmal das Angebot aus der Perspektive der Nutzerinnen und Nutzer gestaltet werden. Nach der aktuellen Digitalstrategie der Bundesregierung würde so die gleichberechtigte Teilhabe aller Menschen durch ein digitales barrierefreies Angebot gewährleistet. Doch es gibt berechtigte Zweifel, ob dies gelingen kann. Zum Zugang wird nicht gefragt, wer überhaupt Zugang zum Internet hat. Lebenslagen werden nicht als soziale Lage begriffen und die Nutzerzentrierung umfasst nicht den erforderlichen Support, wie er innerbetrieblich üblich ist. Für die große und heterogene Gruppe älterer Menschen, die das Internet deutlich weniger nutzen als Jüngere, obwohl sie davon stärker profitieren könnten, wird anhand den Ergebnissen einer in Bremen durchgeführten Umfrage gezeigt, wie unterschiedlich Zugang und Nutzung sind, welche Barrieren bestehen und welchen Supportbedarf es gibt. Darauf aufbauend werden Vorschläge für eine wirkliche Orientierung an den Möglichkeiten und Grenzen der rund 20 Millionen älteren Menschen zur Diskussion gestellt.
DHA (Docosahexaenoic Acid): A Biomolecule with Diverse Roles and Health Benefits
Authors: Hei Abdul , Sanahanbi Laishram
Published: April 2023

With the increasing interest in health and nutrition for longevity of life and more performance ability, the idea of health foods and nutrients has attracted more research and studies. Omega-3 fatty acid docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) is a nutrient molecule with various diverse roles and health benefits in the human body. Though DHA originally comes from microalgae and sea plants, the main source of DHA is fish, shellfish, and fish oils. DHA is a key nutrient with a structural and functional role in the cell membrane and cell organelles, and abundant in brain and eye. It is good for the heart, and protective against heart diseases. It is rather a very ancient molecule with more modern concepts. Really, DHA has been proven to be a key nutrient that is required in the processes of physical and mental development and health, and prevention of diseases throughout the life span. Driven by the values of physical and mental health, the demand for DHA in the international market is expected to grow. This review is an attempt to update the research findings about DHA and its health benefits in an easy and lucid way.
Nutritional Properties, Nutraceutical Potential of Different Millets, and Their Value-Added Food Products
Authors: Rana Smita , Singh Bhandari Narendra
Published: April 2023

Millets are one of the oldest food grains known to mankind. They are considered underutilized crops and can sustain in harsh environments with limited water resources where other crops grow or yield poorly. Millets are very adaptable: they thrive in dry regions, on clay soils, in wet lowlands, or alluvial lands. Their root systems are powerful, able to descend very quickly to a great depth of soil to extract water and minerals, and thus have high adaptability to climate change, especially drought. Millets have a good nutritional profile along with good nutraceutical potential and thus can be considered a great crop for combating food nutritional security globally.
THE NEED FOR EARLY DEGASSING TO ENSURE THE SAFETY OF COAL MINING
Authors: Кузина Елизавета Сергеевна
Published: April 2023

В статье рассмотрены факторы влияния на безопасность труда при подземной добыче угля в России. Было проанализировано, что большинство месторождений угля являются высокогазоносными. Были рассмотрены основные работы посвященные проведению заблаговременной дегазации, рассмотрены исследования, направленные на разработку угольных месторождений и добычи метана угольных пластов. Разработаны основные принципы для обеспечения безопасности при подземной добыче угля. Создан экономический, за счет которого снизятся риски внезапных выбросов метана и взрывов в шахтах, что позволит обеспечить в долгосрочной перспективе инновационный путь развития угольной промышленности России.

The article considers the factors of influence on labor safety in underground coal mining in Russia. It was analyzed that most coal deposits are highly gas-bearing. The main works devoted to carrying out early degassing were considered, studies aimed at the development of coal deposits and the production of coal-bed methane were considered. Basic principles have been developed to ensure safety in underground coal mining. An economic one has been created, due to which the risks of sudden methane emissions and explosions in mines will be reduced, which will ensure an innovative path for the development of the Russian coal industry in the long term.
DARWINISM AS THE FIRST EXPERIENCE OF BUILDING THEORIES OF BIOLOGICAL EVOLUTION
Authors: Карпин Владимир Александрович , Шувалова Ольга Ивановна
Published: April 2023

Проблема биологической эволюции не возникла из ничего. Она волновала человечество еще на заре цивилизации. Главным препятствием постоянно был креационизм, и это препятствие с переменным успехом продолжается вплоть до настоящего времени. Попытки теоретического построения эволюционной биологии были и до Ч. Дарвина, и он в своем главном труде также упоминает об этом. Но он впервые предпринял попытку поднять биологическую эволюцию до уровня теории, положив в ее основу наследственность, изменчивость и механизм естественного отбора.

The problem of biological evolution did not arise out of nothing. It has worried humanity since the dawn of civilization. The main obstacle has always been creationism, and this obstacle continues with varying success up to the present time. There were attempts at theoretical construction of evolutionary biology before Ch. Darwin, and he also mentions this in his main work. But for the first time he made an attempt to raise biological evolution to the level of theory, basing it on heredity, variability and the mechanism of natural selection.
АЛЬТЕРНАТИВНЫЕ ТОРГОВЫЕ СИСТЕМЫ ДЛЯ ИНСТИТУЦИОНАЛЬНЫХ ИНВЕСТОРОВ КАК СПОСОБ СОХРАНЕНИЯ НИЗКОЙ ВОЛАТИЛЬНОСТИ НА РЫНКАХ
Authors: Суровцев Максим Андреевич
Published: April 2023

В статье рассматривается роль и степень влияния внебиржевых торговых платформ по отношению к открытому биржевому рынку США. Определяется доля торговых операций, скрытых от биржевого оборота на рынке.