bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Data from Targeting Unc51-like Autophagy Activating Kinase 1 (ULK1) Overcomes Adaptive Drug Resistance in Acute Myelogenous Leukemia
Authors: Bhattacharya Seemana , Piya Sujan , Ma Huaxian , Sharma Priyanka , Zhang Qi , Baran Natalia , Ruvolo Vivian R. , McQueen Teresa , Davis R. Eric , Pourebrahim Rasoul , Konopleva Marina , Kantarjian Hagop , Cosford Nicholas D. P. , Andreeff Michael , Borthakur Gautam
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Despite effective new therapies, adaptive resistance remains the main obstacle in acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) therapy. Autophagy induction is a key mechanism for adaptive resistance. Leukemic blasts at diagnosis express higher levels of the apical autophagy kinase ULK1 compared with normal hematopoietic cells. Exposure to chemotherapy and targeted agents upregulate ULK1, hence we hypothesize that developing ULK1 inhibitors may present the unique opportunity for clinical translation of autophagy inhibition. Accordingly, we demonstrate that ULK1 inhibition, by genetic and pharmacologic means, suppresses treatment-induced autophagy, overcomes adaptive drug-resistance, and synergizes with chemotherapy and emerging antileukemia agents like venetoclax (ABT-199). The study next aims at exploring the underlying mechanisms. Mechanistically, ULK1 inhibition downregulates MCL1 antiapoptotic gene, impairs mitochondrial function and downregulates components of the CD44-xCT system, resulting in impaired reactive oxygen species (ROS) mitigation, DNA damage, and apoptosis. For further validation, several mouse models of AML were generated. In these mouse models, ULK1 deficiency impaired leukemic cell homing and engraftment, delayed disease progression, and improved survival. Therefore, in the study, we validated our hypothesis and identified ULK1 as an important mediator of adaptive resistance to therapy and an ideal candidate for combination therapy in AML. Therefore, we propose ULK1 inhibition as a therapeutically relevant treatment option to overcome adaptive drug-resistance in AML.
Implications:
ULK1 drives a cell-intrinsic adaptive resistance in AML and targeting ULK1-mediated autophagy can synergize with existing and emerging AML therapies to overcome drug-resistance and induce apoptosis.
Data from ADAM Metallopeptidase Domain 12 Facilitates Colorectal Cancer Progression by Inhibiting Hippo Signaling Pathway Activity
Authors: Wang XiaoPeng , Zhu Mo , Zuo Hao , Hou Guowei , Xie Rui
Published: March 2023

Abstract
This work focused on investigating the effect of A Disintegrin And Metalloproteases 12 (ADAM12) on colorectal cancer development. ADAM12 levels within colorectal cancer samples were analyzed by using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Then, altogether 55 patients with colorectal cancer were enrolled to detect ADAM12 expression. ADAM12 overexpression or knockdown was transfected into colorectal cancer cells. Thereafter, this work examined colorectal cancer cell viability through Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) and cell clone forming assays. Meanwhile, nude mice were utilized for in vivo analysis. Transwell assays were conducted for detecting migration and invasion of colorectal cancer cells. In addition, mRN and protein expression was analyzed through qRT-PCR, Western blotting (WB) together with IHC staining. As a result, ADAM12 and YAP1 expression increased among colorectal cancer cases, and it indicated the dismal prognostic outcome of patients. Furthermore, ADAM12 promoted colorectal cancer cell growth, migration, invasion along with in vivo growth. ADAM12 suppressed p-MST1/MST1, p-LATS1/LATS1 together with p-YAP1 protein levels within colorectal cancer cells. ADAM12 increased YAP1 and TAZ protein levels as well as CTGF, Cyr61, and Birc5 mRNA expression in colorectal cancer cells. YAP1 inhibitor administration counteracted ADAM12’s function in promoting colorectal cancer cell growth, migration, invasion, and increasing CTGF, Cyr61, and Birc5 expression.
Implications:
Our study indicates that ADAM12 facilitates colorectal cancer progression through suppressing Hippo pathway activity, and that ADAM12 is the candidate therapeutic target and prognostic biomarker for patients with colorectal cancer.
Feasibility of Measuring Physiological Responses to Breakthrough Infections and COVID-19 Vaccine Using a Wearable Ring Sensor
Authors: Pho Gerald Norman , Thigpen Nina , Patel Shyamal , Tily Hal
Published: March 2023

Continuous monitoring using commercial-grade wearable technology was used to quantify the physiological response to reported COVID-19 infections and vaccinations in five biometric measurements. Larger responses were observed following confirmed COVID-19 infection reported by unvaccinated versus vaccinated individuals. Responses following reported vaccination were smaller in both magnitude and duration compared to infection and mediated by both dose number and age. Our results suggest commercial-grade wearable technology as a potential platform on which to build screening tools for early detection of illness, including COVID-19 breakthrough cases.
COVID-19 Recovered Cases: Analysis of Patients’ Compliance with Precautionary Measures and Communication Protocol Application
Authors: Al-Shroby Walid A. , Bin Dayel Maram E. , Bin Osayl Shahad H. , Eldaw Anwar M. , Alhraiwil Najla J.
Published: March 2023

Introduction: COVID-19-recovered cases’ compliance with precautionary measures employed by the health authorities is critical for prevention of virus spread and to combat the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aimed to assess the following amid COVID-19-recovered cases: (1) precautions’ compliance during and after the infection, (2) sources of information regarding precautions, and (3) Saudi MoH communication protocol with the infected cases. Methods: A descriptive phone-based cross-sectional survey was conducted on a national sample of COVID-19-recovered cases. Study participants were selected randomly from the National Saudi Health Electronic Surveillance Network (HESN) database. The study questionnaire included (1) sociodemographic, (2) questions that assessed compliance and source of knowledge about COVID-19 precautionary measures, (3) questions about the MoH communication protocol. Results: Of the 484 participants, there were 363 (75%) males and 89.7% were Saudis. Most respondents (85.3%) went for COVID-19 testing because they had symptoms either with or without confirmed case contact. About 70% of respondents adhered to quarantine from being tested positive for COVID-19. Cases commitment to precautionary measures did not change after recovery among 44.8%, while nearly 40% their commitment was increased compared to time before infection. The MoH communication protocol was conducted with satisfactory levels in relation to time of first contact, frequency, asking about list of contacts, and advising to download Tetamman application and its regular update. Females had lower levels of commitment to the precautionary measures after recovery and lower use of the MoH 937 call centre services during infection compared to males with p values of 0.036–0.014, respectively. Conclusion: A high level of compliance with COVID-19 precautionary measures was exhibited by COVID-19-recovered cases during and after recovery with moderate use of the MoH 937 call centre services and low-level awareness about MoH online guide.
Factors Related to Difficulty in Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection for Superficial Esophageal Cancer
Authors: Hamada Yasuhiko , Tanaka Kyosuke , Katsurahara Masaki , Horiki Noriyuki , Umeda Yuhei , Ikenoyama Yohei , Yukimoto Hiroki , Tsuboi Junya , Yamada Reiko , Nakamura Misaki , Nakagawa Hayato
Published: March 2023

Background: Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) for superficial esophageal cancer is technically challenging, and research on predictive factors related to the difficulty in the procedure is limited. This study aimed to investigate the factors predicting the difficulty in esophageal ESD. Methods: This retrospective study analyzed 303 lesions treated at our institution between April 2005 and June 2021. The following 13 factors were evaluated: sex, age, tumor location, tumor localization, macroscopic type, tumor size, tumor circumference, preoperative diagnosis of histological type, preoperative diagnosis of invasion depth, previous radiotherapy for esophageal cancer, metachronous lesion located close to post-ESD scar, operator’s skill, and use of a clip-and-thread traction method. Difficult esophageal ESD cases were defined as those requiring long procedure time (>120 min). Results: Fifty-one lesions (16.8%) met the defined criterion for difficult cases of esophageal ESD. Logistic regression analysis identified tumor size larger than 30 mm (odds ratio: 9.17, 95% confidence interval: 4.27–19.69, p < 0.001) and tumor circumference more than half that of the esophagus (odds ratio 2.53, 95% confidence interval: 1.15–5.54, p = 0.021) as independent predictive factors related to difficulty in esophageal ESD. Conclusion: Tumor size larger than 30 mm and tumor circumference more than half that of the esophagus can predict difficulty in performing esophageal ESD. This knowledge can provide useful information for developing ESD strategies and selecting a suitable operator on a case-by-case basis to achieve favorable clinical outcomes.
Formación en promoción de autonomía y apoyo pedagógico durante confinamiento por covid-19
Authors: Rojas-Ospina Tatiana , Ochoa-Angrino Solanlly , Tovar-Aguirre Alexander
Published: March 2023

(analítico)Se analiza la implementación de un programa de formación docente en promoción de autonomía y apoyo pedagógico y su relación con el compromiso de niños en el aula. El programa se desarrolló durante el cierre de escuelas por la pandemia causada por el covid-19. Se usó diseño mixto convergente-paralelo. Participaron cinco docentes de primaria, de escuelas públicas de Cali, Colombia, y sus estudiantes (N=110). La formación consistió en dos talleres grupales y tressesiones de acompañamiento individual en modalidad virtual. Se grabaron las clases antes y durante el proceso, codificándose las interacciones. Se observó alta variabilidad en promoción de autonomía y apoyo pedagógico. El compromiso de los niños fue mayor cuando las profesoras promovían mayor autonomía y apoyo pedagógico. Se discutieron variables que afectan el aprovechamiento de la formación.
Palabras clave: Apoyo a la autonomía; apoyo pedagógico; compromiso; programa de formación; pandemia; educación básica; docentes; TIC.  Tesauro de Ciencias Sociales de la Unesco.
Improving Estimates of Transitions from Satellite Data: A Hidden Markov Model Approach
Authors: Torchiana Adrian L. , Rosenbaum Ted , Scott Paul T. , Souza-Rodrigues Eduardo
Published: March 2023

Satellite-based image classification facilitates low-cost measurement of the Earth’s surface composition. However, misclassified imagery can lead to misleading conclusions about transition processes. We propose a correction for transition rate estimates based on the econometric measurement error literature to extract the signal (truth) from its noisy measurement (satellite-based classifications). No ground-truth data are required in the implementation. Our proposed correction produces consistent estimates of transition rates, confirmed by longitudinal validation data, while transition rates without correction are severely biased. Using our approach, we show how eliminating deforestation in Brazil’s Atlantic forest region through 2040 could save $100 billion in CO2 emissions.
Man vs. Machine: Technological Promise and Political Limits of Automated Regulation Enforcement
Authors: Browne Oliver R. , Gazze Ludovica , Greenstone Michael , Rostapshova Olga
Published: March 2023

New technologies allow perfect detection of environmental violations at near-zero marginal cost, but take-up is low. We conducted a field experiment to evaluate enforcement of water conservation rules with smart meters in Fresno, CA. Households were randomly assigned combinations of enforcement method (automated or in-person inspections) and fines. Automated enforcement increased households' punishment rates from 0.1 to 14%, decreased summer water use by 3%, and reduced violations by 17%, while higher fine levels had little effect. However, automated enforcement also increased customer complaints by 1,102%, ultimately causing its cancellation and highlighting that political considerations limit technological solutions to enforcement challenges.
On the Fringes of Aid: Humanitarian Organisations and Sudanese Refugees in the Democratic Republic of Congo, 1966–1972
Authors: Rich Jeremy
Published: March 2023

Thousands of Southern Sudanese refugees fled southward into the Orientale province of the Democratic Republic of Congo in the late 1960s. This article examines the challenges posed by fragmentary archival sources from humanitarian organisations, and a small number of interviews, for understanding the actions of Sudanese refugees as they entered a province already battered by civil war. Expatriate staff struggled to negotiate with the Congolese and Sudanese governments, who both wanted to limit the threat of rebels. Furthermore, the particular goals and recordkeeping methods of humanitarian organisations post major challenges for interpreting the sources. However, oral testimonies of former aid workers and refugees demonstrate that Sudanese refugees did clearly shape their journeys and how they negotiated with refugee assistance programmes. This article thus offers new perspectives for researchers on the value and pitfalls of various individual humanitarian agency records.
Remarks on the Character Yan 延 in the Geling 葛陵 Chu Manuscripts
Authors: Feng (馮馳) Chi
Published: March 2023

In the Geling 葛陵 Chu 楚 manuscripts, there are a number of characters usually transcribed as yan 延 in published transcriptions. This essay suggests a tentative interpretation of these characters. The first section examines four types of direct transcriptions and their interpretive transcriptions. Then, the essay argues these variations are graphic rather than lexical. In its context, the phrase yan zhong 延鐘 can be translated as “melodic bells,” and the emphasis on melodic bells serves to highlight the high rank of ritual.
Reconsidering the Slip Order and Reading of the Yuelu Academy Qin Wei li zhi guan ji qianshou 爲吏治官及黔首 Manuscript
Authors: Chen (陳松長) Songchang
Published: March 2023

In light of recent advances made in research on the Yuelu Academy Qin Wei li zhi guan ji qianshou manuscript, the present article reconsiders issues surrounding the manuscript’s slip order and the reading of its text. A new arrangement is given, with two missing slips restored to the manuscript, an additional fragment re-pieced together, and an explanation provided for the logic behind the overall organization of the text’s content.
Evaluation of Pulse Aerosol Forcing on Marine Stratocumulus Clouds in the Context of Marine Cloud Brightening
Authors: Prabhakaran Prasanth , Hoffmann Fabian , Feingold Graham
Published: March 2023

We explore the effect of aerosol perturbations on stratocumulus clouds in the context of marine cloud brightening (MCB) using high-resolution large-eddy simulations. We use a Lagrangian cloud microphysical model with a very detailed treatment of aerosol activation and droplet growth. The aerosol forcing is represented as a finite-width rectangular pulse in time (uniform in space). We analyze three stratocumulus cloud systems differing in their surface precipitation rate: namely, nonprecipitating, intermediate, and precipitating. We report on the diurnal evolution of these cloud systems subjected to a range of perturbations characterized by varying the amplitude and duration of the aerosol forcing pulse. Our simulations show that in the nonprecipitating system, the clouds are relatively insensitive to duration and amplitude, and are sensitive only to the total number concentration of the injected aerosol. In contrast, the precipitating cloud system is affected by the duration and the amplitude of the forcing, with the sensitivity conditional on the state of the cloud system before the injection of aerosol particles. We use these case studies to assess the efficacy of potential MCB spraying strategies. Our analysis shows that negative LWP adjustments offset a substantial fraction of the Twomey-induced brightening in all three cloud systems. This is countered by substantial cloud brightening obtained through precipitation-suppression-induced cloud-fraction adjustments.
Modulation of Mid–High-Latitude Intraseasonal Variability on the Occurrence Frequency of Northeast China Cold Vortex in Early Summer
Authors: Zhou Fang , Fang Yi-He , Shi Jian , Liu Chenghan
Published: March 2023

The influence of mid–high-latitude intraseasonal variability (ISV) on the occurrence frequency of the Northeast China cold vortex (NCCV) in early summer was examined through statistical analysis and thermal–dynamic diagnostics. A multivariable empirical orthogonal function (MVEOF) was employed to extract the thermal–pressure coupled ISV mode. Our results show that the geopotential height and air temperature over the NCCV active region exhibit a statistically significant intraseasonal periodicity of 20–60 days. The dominant ISV mode features a westward-propagated zonal dipole pattern, which is generated over the Lake Baikal region and triggered by intraseasonal wave energy accumulation. By dividing the ISV cycle into eight phases, it is found that more NCCVs with a large scope occur in phases 5–8 than those in phases 1–4. The positive (negative) geopotential height and air temperature tendencies in phases 1–4 (5–8) act to suppress (facilitate) the NCCV activity. The thermodynamic tendency budget and scale decomposition reveal that when an anomalous intraseasonal cyclonic circulation propagates westward from Lake Baikal to the Ural Mountains, the anomalous southwesterly transports mean negative vorticity from the north side of the Tibetan Plateau to Northeast Asia and transports mean warm air temperature from low latitudes to high latitudes, leading to the positive geopotential height and air temperature tendencies and thereby restraining the NCCV activity. The opposite is also true for the facilitation of the NCCV modulated by the negative geopotential height and air temperature tendencies.

Significance Statement

The purpose of this study is to better understand the factors controlling the Northeast China cold vortex (NCCV) activity in early summer. It is important because influences of the subtropical monsoonal circulation are usually confined to southern China in this season and the anomalous atmospheric circulation from the mid–high latitudes plays a more important role in the generation of the NCCV. Our results provide a guide on how intraseasonal variability at mid–high latitudes controls the occurrence frequency of the NCCV and highlight the process of thermal and dynamical modulation in the NCCV.
Flippin’ χSOLO, an Upper-Ocean Autonomous Turbulence-Profiling Float
Authors: Moum James N. , Rudnick Daniel L. , Shroyer Emily L. , Hughes Kenneth G. , Reineman Benjamin D. , Grindley Kyle , Sherman Jeffrey T. , Vutukur Pavan , Appledorn Craig Van , Latham Kerry , Moulin Aurélie J. , Johnston T. M. Shaun
Published: March 2023

A new autonomous turbulence profiling float has been designed, built, and tested in field trials off Oregon. Flippin’ χSOLO (FχS) employs a SOLO-II buoyancy engine that not only changes but also shifts ballast to move the center of mass to positions on either side of the center of buoyancy, thus causing FχS to flip. FχS is outfitted with a full suite of turbulence sensors—two shear probes, two fast thermistors, and pitot tube, as well as a pressure sensor and three-axis linear accelerometers. FχS descends and ascends with turbulence sensors leading, thereby permitting measurement through the sea surface. The turbulence sensors are housed antipodal from communication antennas so as to eliminate flow disturbance. By flipping at the sea surface, antennas are exposed for communications. The mission of FχS is to provide intensive profiling measurements of the upper ocean from 240 m and through the sea surface, particularly during periods of extreme surface forcing. While surfaced, accelerometers provide estimates of wave height spectra and significant wave height. From 3.5 day field trials, here we evaluate (i) the statistics from two FχS units and our established shipboard profiler, Chameleon, and (ii) FχS-based wave statistics by comparison to a nearby NOAA wave buoy.

Significance Statement

The oceanographic fleet of Argo autonomous profilers yields important data that define the state of the ocean’s interior. Continued deployments over time define the evolution of the ocean’s interior. A significant next step will be to include turbulence measurements on these profilers, leading to estimates of thermodynamic mixing rates that predict future states of the ocean’s interior. An autonomous turbulence profiler that employs the buoyancy engine, mission logic, and remote communication of one particular Argo float is described herein. The Flippin’ χSOLO is an upper-ocean profiler tasked with rapid and continuous profiling of the upper ocean during weather conditions that preclude shipboard profiling and that includes the upper 10 m that is missed by shipboard turbulence profilers.
Model Specification Searches in Structural Equation Modeling Using Bee Swarm Optimization
Authors: Schroeders Ulrich , Scharf Florian , Olaru Gabriel
Published: March 2023

Metaheuristics are optimization algorithms that efficiently solve a variety of complex combinatorial problems. In psychological research, metaheuristics have been applied in short-scale construction and model specification search. In the present study, we propose a bee swarm optimization (BSO) algorithm to explore the structure underlying a psychological measurement instrument. The algorithm assigns items to an unknown number of nested factors in a confirmatory bifactor model, while simultaneously selecting items for the final scale. To achieve this, the algorithm follows the biological template of bees’ foraging behavior: Scout bees explore new food sources, whereas onlooker bees search in the vicinity of previously explored, promising food sources. Analogously, scout bees in BSO introduce major changes to a model specification (e.g., adding or removing a specific factor), whereas onlooker bees only make minor changes (e.g., adding an item to a factor or swapping items between specific factors). Through this division of labor in an artificial bee colony, the algorithm aims to strike a balance between two opposing strategies diversification (or exploration) versus intensification (or exploitation). We demonstrate the usefulness of the algorithm to find the underlying structure in two empirical data sets (Holzinger–Swineford and short dark triad questionnaire, SDQ3). Furthermore, we illustrate the influence of relevant hyperparameters such as the number of bees in the hive, the percentage of scouts to onlookers, and the number of top solutions to be followed. Finally, useful applications of the new algorithm are discussed, as well as limitations and possible future research opportunities.
‘Fit for Purpose in Today's Society?’: Reflecting on Provocation Pleas in Modern Scotland
Authors: McPherson Rachel
Published: March 2023

Provocation has been the subject of long-term, international scrutiny and is currently under consideration by the Scottish Law Commission as part of their review of homicide and defences to murder. This article reflects on how provocation is used in practice in Scottish courts and considers two aspects of potential reform in particular: where the basis of the plea is infidelity and where the plea is used in the context of someone killing an abuser. It is recognised that reform of the plea now appears inevitable (and required) but this article cautions against complete abolition or expansion of the plea. The discussion is informed by critical feminist analysis of both reported and unreported cases and seeks to better illuminate how the plea is currently operating in practice.
Investigation of the Predictive Effect of Parents’ Life Positions on Preschool Children’s Behavior Problems
Authors: Yoldaş Örs Ceren , Demircioğlu Haktan
Published: March 2023

The aim of the study was to examine the effect of parents’ life position on the prediction of behavioral problems of preschool children. The sample of the study consisted of 364 children enrolled in independent kindergartens and preschools of primary schools affiliated to Altındağ District Directorate of National Education in Turkey and their parents (290 mothers and 97 fathers). In the study, the survey model, which aims to determine the current situation among quantitative research methods, and the relational model, which aims to reveal the link between two or more variables and the strength of the link, were used ( Frankel et al., 2011 ). The data obtained from the study in which “Family Information Form, Preschool and Kindergarten Behavior Scale and Life Positions Scale” were used as data collection tools were analyzed with Pearson Correlation Coefficient and Multiple Regression analysis methods. When the findings of the research were examined, it was found that as the “I am Okey, You are Okey” life position of the parents increased, the children’s total behavior problems, which consisted of internalizing, externalizing and a combination of internalizing and externalizing behavior problems, decreased whereas “I am not Okey, You are Okey” and “I am not Okey, You are not Okey” life positions increased, the children’s internalizing, externalizing and total behavior problems increased. Moreover, the regression analysis results of the study showed that parents’ life positions had a statistically significant effect in predicting their children’s behavior problems.
The Anatomy of Cohort Analysis: Decomposing Comparative Cohort Careers
Authors: Fosse Ethan , Winship Christopher
Published: March 2023

In a widely influential essay, Ryder argued that to understand social change, researchers should compare cohort careers, contrasting how different cohorts change over the life cycle with respect to some outcome. Ryder, however, provided few technical details on how to actually conduct a cohort analysis. In this article, the authors develop a framework for analyzing temporally structured data grounded in the construction, comparison, and decomposition of cohort careers. The authors begin by illustrating how one can analyze age-period-cohort (APC) data by constructing graphs of cohort careers. Although a useful starting point, the major problem with this approach is that the graphs are typically of sufficient complexity that it can be difficult, if not impossible, to discern the underlying trends and patterns in the data. To provide a more useful foundation for cohort analysis, the authors therefore introduce three distinct improvements over the purely graphical approach. First, they provide a mathematical definition of a cohort career, demonstrating how the underlying parameters of interest can be estimated using a reparameterized version of the conventional APC model. The authors call this the life cycle and social change (LC-SC) model. Second, they contrast the proposed model with two alternative three-factor APC models and all logically possible two-factor models, showing that none of these other models are adequate for fully representing Ryder’s ideas. Third, the authors present the article’s major accomplishment: using the LC-SC model, they show how a collection of cohort careers can be decomposed into just four basic components: a curve representing an overall intracohort trend (or life cycle change); a curve representing an overall intercohort trend (or social change); a set of common cross-period temporal fluctuations that permit variability across cohort careers; and, finally, a set of terms representing cell-specific heterogeneity (or, equivalently, interactions among age, period, and/or cohort). As the authors demonstrate, these parts can be reassembled into simpler versions of cohort careers, revealing underlying trends and patterns that may not be evident otherwise. The authors illustrate this approach by analyzing trends in political party strength in the General Social Survey.
Towards a missiology of marriage and sexuality: A review of Timothy Tennent’s theology of the body
Authors: Priest Robert J.
Published: March 2023

Missiologists have written little in response to many of our modern world’s newly emergent and influential sexual lifeways, ideologies, surrogacy practices, and family formations. The 2020 book written by missiologist Timothy Tennent For the Body: Recovering a Theology of Gender, Sexuality, and the Human Body represents an exception. Thus, it merits sustained attention from other missiologists wishing to consider such realities. This article reviews Tennent’s exposition of a “theology of the body,” focusing on his arguments regarding marriage and celibacy as missional icons of the gospel, and explores the relevance of the book’s topic for missiology. It commends Tennent for addressing an important and timely topic that ought to be addressed by missiologists. It suggests that Tennent might have more fully achieved his laudable goal of framing a suitable argument for the public square had he interacted more with anthropology, not just theology, and had he explicitly interacted with the writings of professional missiologists on fundamental missiological principles. The article proposes that missiology, despite its relative silence till now, has discipline-specific strengths for engaging contemporary challenges related to sex and marriage and Christian witness. It encourages missiologists to direct our future missiological conversations, research, writing, and curricular development accordingly.
A Repeated-Measures Study of Relational Turbulence and Transition Processing Communication During the Summer of COVID-19 (Summer 2020)
Authors: Brisini Kellie St.Cyr , Solomon Denise Haunani
Published: March 2023

Drawing upon relational turbulence theory and the experiencing life transitions model, this study examined communication and relationship qualities as married couples experienced work-family changes during the COVID-19 pandemic. Sixty-four American married, different-sex partners affected by job-related changes due to COVID-19 reported their relationship qualities and their own and their spouse’s engagement in transition processing communication weekly for 10 weeks. Hypotheses addressed associations between relationship qualities and communication experiences both averaged across the 10 weeks and indexed by within-week deviations from those averages, controlling for the previous week’s reports. Husbands’ and wives’ own attempts—and also their perceptions of their spouse’s attempts—to increase interaction, promote connection, promote feeling situated, and increase confidence were associated with decreased relationship uncertainty and improved interdependence. Husbands’ self-reported relationship qualities demonstrated the strongest associations with averaged reports of relationship-focused communication, whereas wives’ relational qualities were more strongly associated with week-to-week fluctuations in relationship-focused communication.
Agenda Setting, Cross-cutting Effects, and Political Expression on Social Media: The Gun Violence Case
Authors: Guo Lei , Zhang Yiyan , Mays Kate , Akyürek Afra Feyza , Wijaya Derry , Betke Margrit
Published: March 2023

Focusing on a polarized issue—U.S. gun violence—this study examines agenda setting as an antecedent of political expression on social media. A state-of-the-art machine-learning model was used to analyze news coverage from 25 media outlets—mainstream and partisan. Those results were paired with a two-wave panel survey conducted during the 2018 U.S. midterm elections. Findings show mainstream media shape public opinion about gun violence, which then stimulates expression about the issue on social media. The study also reveals that partisan media’s gun violence coverage has significant cross-cutting effects. Notably, exposure to conservative media will decrease public salience of gun violence, pivot opinion in a more conservative direction, and discourage social media expression; and all of these effects are stronger among liberals.
Existo porque resisto: A conversation with LGBTQ+ activists in Xalapa, Veracruz
Authors: Bailey Emma G
Published: March 2023

With increased attention toward rights of LGBTQ+ individuals, activists across the globe continue their social and political actions. This article highlights conversation between four activists within their local and state context of Xalapa, Veracruz as a step towards understanding the history and details of LGBTQ+ movements. Following a brief introduction, the conversation is presented in its original Spanish with an English translation.
Is robotic assistance an added value in minimally invasive mitral valve surgery? A meta-analysis from propensity score–matched series
Authors: Jegaden Olivier , Al Shamry Adel , Ashafy Salah , Mahdi Alhaitham , Eker Armand
Published: March 2023

Objectives

There is still ongoing debate about the benefits of robotic assistance (R-MVS) in comparison with video assistance (V-MVS) in minimally invasive mitral valve surgery. This study aims to update the current evidence.

Methods

Three propensity score–matched studies published from 2011 to 2021 were included with a total of 1193 patients operated on from 2005 (R-MVS: 536, V-MVS: 657). Data regarding early mortality, postoperative event, and time-related outcomes were extracted and submitted to a meta-analysis using weighted random-effects modeling.

Results

The incidence of early mortality, stroke, renal failure, conversion, atrial fibrillation, and prolonged ventilation were similar, all in the absence of heterogeneity. Reoperation for bleeding (odds ratio [OR]: 0.36, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.16–0.81, p = 0.01) and the need for blood transfusion (OR: 0.30, 95% CI, 0.20–0.56, p = 0.001) were significantly lower in V-MVS group. Regarding time-related outcomes, there was evidence for important heterogeneity of treatment effect among the studies. Operative times were longer in R-MVS: differences in means were 20.7 min for cross-clamp time (95% CI, 9.07–32.3, p = 0.001), 20.7 min for cardiopulmonary bypass time (95% CI, 2.5–38.9, p = 0.03) and 40.2 min for total operative time (95% CI, 24.5–55.8, p < 0.001). Intensive care unit stay and hospital stay were reported in one study, and longer after R-MVS compared to V-MVS; the differences in means were 0.17 days ( p = 0.005) and 0.6 days ( p = 0.017), respectively. Total cost of both procedures was reported in an additional dedicated propensity score–matched series including 448 patients; it was 21% higher for R-MVS than for V-MVS.

Conclusions

This meta-analysis showed excellent outcomes of both video and robotic techniques with low incidence of morbidity and mortality. However, there is no evidence for an added value of robotic assistance in comparison with video assistance; the drawbacks of mini access are reported higher regardless the induced over cost.
Moving beyond data collection: Fostering community engagement in community music schools
Authors: Salvador Karen , Knapp Erika J , Mayo Whitney
Published: March 2023

Mission-driven nonprofit organizations sometimes struggle within a cycle of disempowerment resulting from oversaturation of data collection that is reactive to funder demands. In this article, we problematize Community Music School (CMS) data-collection and analysis efforts and discuss alternate approaches to learning about family and community desires and building community engagement. We first review literature on CMS goals, CMS engagement with communities, and the importance of student voice in educational research. Then, we briefly describe secondary analysis of a data subset from a previous study as context for critical discussion. Finally, drawing on literature from communications, urban planning, and school-family engagement, we make broader suggestions for how CMS can transform data collection practices into pathways for community engagement. We assert data quality and usefulness may improve when institutions seek input from community members who have not elected to participate and when CMS involve stakeholders in program design, goal setting, and measurement schemes from the outset. To that end, we describe three frameworks that could help CMS improve community engagement and make suggestions for future research.
Self-Fashioning of a Hindu Political Sanyasi: Muscular Asceticism and Sectarian Freedom in Swami Satyadev Parivrajak’s Autobiography
Authors: Gupta Charu
Published: March 2023

This essay focuses on the autobiographical writings of Swami Satyadev ‘Parivrajak’ (1879–1961), a prolific Hindi writer, and a charismatic modern-day worldly political ascetic in the early twentieth-century north India. It discusses three central pillars of his ineradicably political autobiography: first, the performance of an exemplary celibate Hindu masculinity; second, the conceptualization of a segmented and exclusionary freedom, unencumbered by the presence of Muslims; and third, his deep antagonism towards Gandhi, and defence of his assassination. Taken together, his autobiography is a critical contribution to the intellectual history and genealogy of sectarian Hindi–Hindu literature, while also showcasing cultivated precursors of a modern, monolithic and militant Hindu nation.
How transdisciplinary integration, creativity and student motivation interact in three STEAM projects for gifted education?
Authors: Lage-Gómez Carlos , Ros Germán
Published: March 2023

The study analyses the relationship between transdisciplinary integration, creativity and student motivation in three STEAM projects. It has been carried out over 3 years in a programme for gifted students. 152 students (11–12 years old), five teachers and four external professionals participated. The projects included a variety of scientific, humanistic and artistic activities, together with outings, the collaboration of experts and the creation of a transdisciplinary art-based final products. The research was carried out through the analysis of qualitative data (interviews, video-recordings, participant observation) using Atlas.ti8 within the framework of Activity Theory and statistical analysis of questionnaires. It shows how the transdisciplinary integration favoured a complex approach to knowledge with an essential role of the artistic-based transdisciplinary final products and fostered a plural approach to creativity. The active participation of the students favoured their motivation and involvement. The significant correlation between creativity, student motivation and transdisciplinary integration emerges as a key element in the STEAM projects implemented.
Iliopsoas haematoma during extracorporeal membrane oxygenation: A registry report from the COVID-19 critical care consortium across 30 countries
Authors: Taniguchi Hayato , Rätsep Indrek , Heinsar Silver , Liu Keibun , Cespedes Marcela , Suen Jacky Y , Li Bassi Gianluigi , Fraser John F , Jacobs Jeffrey P , Peek Giles J
Published: March 2023

Introduction

Iliopsoas haematoma (IPH) during extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is a rare bleeding complication that can be fatal due to its progression to abdominal compartment syndrome, but its incidence and risk factors are not well known. We have previously reported an IPH incidence rate of 16% in Japan. Among possible reasons for this high incidence, ethnicity has been hypothesised to play a role. Therefore, we used an international multi-centre cohort registry to test this hypothesis by determining the incidence rate of IPH.

Methods

This study was performed using the COVID-19 Critical Care Consortium database, conducted in 30 countries across five continents between 3 January 2020, and 20 June 2022.

Results

Overall, 1102 patients received ECMO for COVID-19-related acute respiratory distress syndrome. Of them, only seven were reported to have IPH, indicating an incidence rate of 0.64%, with comparable rates between the countries. The IPH group tended to have a higher mortality rate (71.4%) than the non-IPH group (51%).

Conclusions

Overall incidence of IPH in the studied COVID-19 ECMO cohort was 0.64%. Most cases were reported from Japan, Belgium, and Italy. In our study, this rare complication did not appear to be confined to Asian patients. Due to the high fatality rate, awareness about the occurrence of IPH should be recognised.
The utility of sepsis scores for predicting blood stream infections in extracorporeal membrane oxygenation
Authors: Lee Daniel G , Sobieszczyk Michal J , Barsoumian Alice E , Marcus Joseph E
Published: March 2023

Introduction

Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is an increasingly used modality of life support with high risk for nosocomial infections. The accuracy of sepsis prediction tools in identifying blood stream infections (BSI) in this population is unknown as measurement of multiple variables commonly associated with infection are altered by the circuit.

Methods

This study compares all blood stream infections for patients receiving ECMO between January 2012 and December 2020 to timepoints when blood cultures were negative using the Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA), Logistic Organ Dysfunction Score (LODS), American Burn Association Sepsis Criteria (ABA), Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome (SIRS) scores.

Results

Of the 220 patients who received ECMO during the study period, 40 (18%) had 51 blood stream infections and were included in this study. Gram-positive infections composed 57% ( n = 29) of infections with E. faecalis ( n = 12, 24%) being the most common organism isolated. There were no significant differences in sepsis prediction scores at the time of infection compared to infection-free time points for SOFA (median (IQR) 7 (5–9) vs. 6 (5–8), p = 0.22), LODS (median (IQR) 12 (10–14) vs. 12 (10–13), p = 0.28), ABA (median (IQR) 2 (1–3) vs. 2 (1–3) p = 0.75), or SIRS (median (IQR) 3 (2–3) vs. 3 (2–3), p = 0.20).

Conclusions

Our data shows that previously published sepsis scores are elevated throughout a patient’s ECMO course, and do not correlate with bacteremia. Better predictive tools are needed to determine the appropriate timing for blood cultures in this population.
Meditation as a tool to counteract music performance anxiety from the experts’ perspective
Authors: Paese Serena , Egermann Hauke
Published: March 2023

Music performance anxiety (MPA) affects numerous musicians, preventing them from performing to the full extent of their abilities. A variety of tools are used to cope with MPA among which is meditation. Although research conducted to date has made a distinction between the types of meditative techniques and their effects, this aspect is still not thoroughly investigated. The aim of this qualitative study is to investigate the experience of specialists in the field and identify the meditations employed for counteracting MPA. Sixteen semi-structured interviews were held with experts; recordings and transcripts were verified multiple times and imported into NVivo software. Thematic analysis was conducted, developing three main themes which illustrate how the experts describe MPA, the influencing factors for the effectiveness of meditation, the employed meditative techniques and how they reduce MPA. Within the last theme, body-centered meditations and breathing techniques, along with visualizations and Vipassana meditation, occupy a prominent place. Results show furthermore that affect-centered meditations offer interesting perspectives for counteracting perfectionism and self-criticism. The findings of this study may be of interest to educational institutions and musicians who want to acquire emotional awareness, self-regulation strategies for counteracting MPA, and improving performance skills.
Trait mindfulness plays a protective role in the positive relationships between stress, depressive symptoms, and suicidal behavior in an at-risk population: Music industry touring professionals
Authors: Bergson Zachary , Newman Chayim , George Ryan P , Beitz Tim , Zemon Vance
Published: March 2023

This study aimed to elucidate factors related to suicidality in a high-stress population—music industry touring professionals. It also examined whether trait mindfulness plays a moderating role in relations among these factors and suicidality. Touring professionals ( N = 1,154) responded to an online questionnaire that included the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale–Revised (CES-D), Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), Suicide Behavior Questionnaire–Revised (SBQ-R), and the Mindful Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS). Mediation and moderated-mediation analyses were conducted on data from completed instruments ( n = 550) with PSS as the antecedent, CES-D as the mediator, MAAS as the moderator, and SBQ-R as the outcome. The indirect effect of stress through depressive symptoms on suicidality was significant. The moderation of this indirect effect by mindfulness also reached significance, with greater mindfulness scores associated with an attenuation of the impact of stress on suicidality through depressive symptoms. Mindfulness was a moderator of stress on depressive symptoms and suicidality. Mindfulness-based interventions for populations under high stress, such as touring professionals, may be an important topic for future research.
Examining Individualistic Driving Volatility Changes During and One Year into the COVID-19 Pandemic Using Paneled Connected Vehicle Trajectories
Authors: Kummetha Vishal Chandra , Khoda Bakhshi Arash , Concas Sisinnio , Kourtellis Achilleas , Mohammadnazar Amin
Published: March 2023

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic led to a substantial reduction in activity-travel resulting from a shift in the primary purpose of travel from work/study to shopping and essential trips. Further, several researchers noted changes to roadway safety during the early phases of the pandemic, such as a decrease in traffic crashes but an increase in traffic fatalities with respect to vehicle miles traveled. However, the existing literature is limited to holistic trends, with little inference to microscopic driving styles. This research utilizes a paneled approach to compare the freeway behavior of select passenger car drivers with respect to changes in driving volatility stemming from the lockdown period and one year into the COVID-19 pandemic. The methodological design employs a rich paneled dataset obtained from the connected vehicles pilot study in Tampa, Florida. Crash data visualization is also performed to identify crash hotspots within the study area. Volatility measures such as the standard deviation, coefficient of variation, and time-varying stochastic volatility ( TVSV) are then generated and fused with traffic and weather information. Hierarchical modeling is then performed using a panel approach to account for unobserved heterogeneity within multiple observations per individual driver. The results show that the series of jerk-related driving volatility measures and the TVSV of speed increase one year into the pandemic, suggesting a reduction in overall roadway safety along the study segment. Based on the observed individual volatility changes, policy recommendations such as enhanced traffic enforcement guidelines, data-driven safety campaigns, and systematic implementation of lockdown protocols were identified.