bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Duszpasterze ewangelickich Zborów Niepolskich (niemieckich) a polityka wyznaniowa i narodowościowa PRL oraz polityka tożsamościowa Kościoła Ewangelicko-Augsburskiego w latach 1952-1993
Authors: Kiec Olgierd
Published: July 2024

Celem artykułu jest charakterystyka grupy duchownych luterańskich, którzy sprawowali opiekę duszpasterską nad wspólnotami niemieckich ewangelików na Dolnym Śląsku i Pomorzu Zachodnim. Po 1945 r. jedynym oficjalnie funkcjonującym Kościołem luterańskim w Polsce był Kościół Ewangelicko-Augsburski, którego władze prowadziły politykę tożsamościową podkreślającą polski charakter luteranizmu i jego tradycji. Niemieckie wspólnoty luterańskie na Dolnym Śląsku i Pomorzu Zachodnim, będące pozostałością po pruskim Kościele Ewangelicko-Unijnym, nie zostały włączone do Kościoła Ewangelicko-Augsburskiego, lecz zostały poddane jego nadzorowi i korzystały z opieki duszpasterskiej duchownych zatwierdzanych przez władze tego polskiego Kościoła. Znalezienie pastorów mogących pozyskać zaufanie niemieckich luteranów i jednocześnie lojalnych wobec polskich władz kościelnych i państwowych okazało się trudne. Większość tych pastorów pochodziła z polsko-‑niemieckiego pogranicza, co umożliwiało im kontekstowe ukrywanie lub ujawnianie poglądów i tożsamości. Polityka narodowościowa polskich władz i polityka tożsamościowa polskich luteranów nie były w stanie w tych warunkach dokonać całkowitej polonizacji Niemców i likwidacji niemieckich wspólnot luterańskich na Ziemiach Odzyskanych.
Wędrując przez Mrok i Śmierć – Iwan IV Groźny buduje Nową Jerozolimę
Authors: Łaszkiewicz Hubert
Published: July 2024

Paweł Łungin w filmie „Car”, który opowiada o carze Iwanie Groźnym i jego polityce, przedstawia działania swego bohatera, który dążąc do umocnienia swojej władzy, dąży także do zapewnienia sobie zbawienia. Car buduje pałac-klasztor, Nową Jerozolimę, aby zamieszkać tam z Chrystusem po Paruzji i Sądzie Ostatecznym. Inspiracją do stworzenia scenariusza filmu jest historiografia na temat Iwana Groźnego oraz próba uniwersalizacji studium o władzy świeckiej i duchownej za pomocą odwołań do Pisma Świętego, a przede wszystkim do Apokalipsy św. Jana. Działania cara Iwana w filmie można interpretować jako zachowania szaleńca Bożego, heretyka, czy też szaleńca opętanego wolą panowania i zabijania.
Religious Justification of the King’s Authority in Polish Political Thought in the Second Half of the 18th Century
Authors: Stasiak Arkadiusz M.
Published: July 2024

The Polish monarchists presented a providence-based interpretation of the abduction of the king in November 1771 and his rescue. The trust in the authority of Providence, the manifestation of which was that the monarch guaranteed order in the state. Thanks to continuous confirmation of the royal anointing, the transfer of the relationship between God and the guarantor of the world order, and the relationship between the monarch and the guarantor of the state order might have been achieved. Such a perception of the anointing must have inspired great trust in the actions of Stanisław August.
The process of sacralization of royal power was stopped by the expansion of Enlightenment rationalism. Polish theorists of state did not always follow the path of challenging the divine origin of power, which was set by Western European philosophers. In Polish political thought the idea of charisma was very rare, which does not condition its negation. We may venture a claim that in the period extending from Stanisław Konarski’s late works until the first works of Stanisław Staszic the idea of charisma as a feature of royal authority disappeared from the Polish political theory and reflections on the authority.
A person in a digital environment: on the problem of urban and regional development
Authors: Adamyants Tamara Z. ,   Institute of Sociology - Branch of the Federal Center of Theoretical and Applied Sociology of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: July 2024

The article raises the problem of the social expediency of an integrated approach to the tasks of urban and regional development. According to the author, such an approach should include not only improving the living environment of a modern person due to the widespread use of information and communication technologies, but also improving the mentality of the people themselves living in so-called “smart” cities, towns, villages and other settlements. On the one hand, the result of total digitalization and the advent of artificial intelligence turned out to be a large number of preferences for each resident, including new, more comfortable working conditions, recreation, solutions to household and other problems, independent creativity and unlimited opportunities for obtaining information, independent creativity and manifestation of personal positions. On the other hand, every person, regardless of their place of residence, encounters a large number of mental provocations contained in the global socio-cultural space and aimed at qualitative changes in the “worldviews” (value system) of our compatriots. Given the indicated dichotomy, the improvement of the (conditional) mentality of “smart” cities, towns, villages, etc. should be accompanied by the improvement of the mentality and the people living in them. The relevance of the problem and its solution is due to the ongoing information and semantic wars in the modern socio-cultural space. Our compatriots must have the skills to adequately understand the deep meanings in the works, materials, websites, blogs, films, advertising, etc. perceived by them, be able to make informed independent decisions without being “victims” of influence and manipulation technologies. The fact of formally introducing a person to the world of numbers does not solve the problem. The article presents data from a series of comprehensive studies using the method of intentional (motive-target) analysis on the different level (quality) of understanding semantic dominants among respondents who are regular Internet users. It is significant that socially significant characteristics of representatives of the group with a high level of understanding of deep meanings (the group of adequate understanding) turned out to be more advantageous compared to similar characteristics of respondents who did not possess such skills. The criterion of the conclusions and assessments contained here turned out to be the correspondence of the research data to the tasks of harmonious development, effective socialization and social adaptation of our compatriots.
Immunohistochemical analysis of matrix metalloproteinase-9 and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase-1 expression in the myocardium of rats in the early postnatal period on preterm birth modeling
Authors: Ivanova V. V. , Serebryakova O. N. , Milto I. V.
Published: July 2024

Preterm birth shortens the duration of the prenatal period of development of the fetus and disrupts the natural morphogenesis of fetal organs. The study of tissue and cellular reactions in the myocardium of preterm born children is impossible due to the invasiveness of the procedure, therefore experimental studies are in demand. The aim of the study was to carry-out immunohistochemical analysis of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) in the left ventricle myocardium of preterm rats from the 1st to the 14th day of the postnatal period. Material and methods. The objects of the study were the hearts of full-term (n=15) and preterm (n=15) male Wistar rats. Hearts were fixed in buffered (pH 7.4) 10% formalin solution. The material was embedded in paraffin. MMP-9 and TIMP-1 were detected on sections using the immunohistochemical indirect peroxidase method with antibodies. The intensity of the immunohistochemical reaction was assessed semi-quantitatively (in points). The obtained data were processed using nonparametric statistics methods. Results. No differences were found in the localization of MMP-9- and TIMP-1-positive staining in the myocardium of preterm and full-term animals. In preterm rats on the 7th day of the postnatal period, the intensity of staining for both MMP-9 and TIMP-1 was reduced. On the 14th day of the postnatal period in the myocardium of preterm rats an increase in the intensity of the immunohistochemical reaction to MMP-9 was observed against the background of a low-intensity reaction to TIMP-1. Conclusion. The results of the study indicate a possible increase in the effects of MMP-9 in the myocardium of preterm animals on the 14th day of the postnatal period. Imbalance of MMP-9 and TIMP-1 may contribute to left ventricular myocardial remodeling in preterm animals.
Morphofunctional organization of the thymus of human fetuses in the late stages of the fetal period
Authors: Yurchinskii V. Ya. , Erofeeva L. M. , Shisterova O. A.
Published: July 2024

The aim of the study was to identify the features of the morphofunctional organization of the thymus of human fetuses based on a quantitative assessment of subpopulations of T-lymphocytes with the CD4+ and CD8+ phenotype. Material and methods. The material for the study was the thymus of stillborn children (n=16) aged 35-40 weeks who died as a result of asphyxia, the cause of which was not established. All sectional material was carefully selected according to the anamnesis in order to exclude causes that could affect the structure of the thymus The study was carried out using standard methods of light microscopy, histology and immunohistochemistry. The following characteristics of the thymus were studied: corticomedullary and mitotic indices, the numerical density of thymocytes in the cortex and medulla, the relative area occupied by the blood-stream, fibrous connective, adipose, and lymphoid tissues on a section of the thymus lobes. The relative number of thymic bodies, as well as the quantitative ratio of thymocytes with the immunophenotypes of cytotoxic (CD8+) and helper cells (CD4+) were identified. Results. In the thymus of human fetuses, the values of the corticomedullary and mitotic indices were 4.8±0.63 and 2.69±0.36%, respectively. Young thymic corpuscles (TT I) quantitatively predominate over mature (TT II) and aging corpuscles (TT III), 1.5 and 3 times, respectively. A histological section of the thymus did not reveal fatty degeneration; the relative amount of fibrous connective tissue was 5.22 (3.8464; 5.6330)%. The cortical-cerebral boundary had clear outlines. T lymphocytes, together with cells of the epithelial microenvironment, occupied more than 90% of the area of the histological section. In the thymus cortex, a high numerical density of thymocytes was found (679.95±46.9), among which cells expressing the CD8+ coreceptor on the surface of the membrane predominated (72.64±5.05%). In the medulla, the number of T-lymphocytes with CD4+ and CD8+ phenotypes was the same (28.81±4.37% and 26.10±5.61%, respectively), the numerical density of thymocytes was 403.61±28.9 cells. Conclusion. The state of the thymus gland in human fetuses at 35–40 weeks of the fetal period indicates a high level of its functional activity. The absence of noticeable signs of accidental involution of the thymus indicates that asphyxia, not aggravated by infectious influences, and also not accompanied by developmental anomalies, due to its transience, does not have a significant effect on the morphology of the thymus and its functions. The quantitative ratio of thymocyte subpopulations with the CD8+ and CD4+ phenotype may indicate different rates of migration of these cells to the periphery, or indicate a different nature of the interaction of developing T lymphocytes with epithelial cells carrying MHC class I and II complexes.
Dynamics of body composition parameters in females during their training at a military medical university
Authors: Gaivoronskii I. V. , Semenov A. A. , Krishtop V. V.
Published: July 2024

In recent years, the number of applicants to military universities has been constantly increasing, but comprehensive studies of the dynamics of the component composition of the body of female cadets have practically not been carried out, which determines the importance of the stated problems. The aim of the study was to evaluate the dynamics of changes in indicators of the component composition of the body of practically healthy female cadets aged 17–23 years during the period of study at a military university. Material and methods. The dynamics of the component composition of the body of military university applicants and female cadets during the period of their studies in 1–6 years was studied. Results. Based on the results of a comprehensive examination of the same individuals, which included an assessment of 15 indicators of body composition and 5 functional indicators, a database was formed. It has been shown that during the first two years of study, compared with the indicators of applicants, the most intense increase in muscle mass of the torso and upper extremities occurs – by 14.9% and 12.6%, respectively. An increase in fat mass in the trunk and lower extremities is observed only by the fourth year and amounts to 11.2% and 12.8%, respectively. Sexual characteristics of changes in the component composition of the body of girls are characterized by a more intense growth of the fat component, which corresponds to the physiological changes in the woman’s body during the transition to the first mature period of development. Conclusion. In senior years of study, there is a stabilization of the dynamics of muscle mass development, physical development rating, level of basal metabolism and functional indicators. The identified changes in the component composition of the body during the training period of female cadets are due to the peculiarities of the intensity and nature of physical activity, the work and rest regime and the nutrient composition of the daily diet, as well as endocrine status.
Influence of the geochemical background of the Western Caspian region of Azerbaijan on acid-base balance regulation of Pelophylax ridibundus (Pallas, 1771) (Amphibia, Ranidae) blood
Authors: Vershinin V. L. ,   Institute of Plant and Animal Ecology, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ural Federal University, Vershinina S. D. , Gasymova G. A. ,   Institute of Plant and Animal Ecology, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences,   Institute of Zoology, Ministry of Science and Education of the Republic of Azerbaijan, Khazar University
Published: July 2024

This research paper examines the influence geochemical specifics of habitats on acid base balance of marsh frog blood. An aquatic species, P. ridibundus, is surrounded throughout its entire life cycle by an aquatic environment, which ensures the free exchange of gases and ions across the entire surface of the body, thanks mainly to passive and active transport, which is easily realized in a significant volume. Depending on the level of mineralization, the ionic composition of the aquatic environment and pH, the nature and regulatory potential (which is characterized by the number of correlation interactions) changes. This is reflected in the predominant direction of transmembrane gas-ion flows responsible for acid-base homeostasis. Within certain limits (from ultra-fresh to mineralized waters), these flows are maintained due to passive transport. Apparently, an increase in mineralization to the level of brackish and saline waters, an excess of ions in the environment, as well as an alkaline pH, complicates passive transport and impoverishes the regulatory capabilities of the system, which leads to an increase in the proportion of active transport. Thus, the number and nature of correlations between the concentrations of electrolytes and blood gases well reflect the state of the system for maintaining acid-base homeostasis of animals from a population located in certain environmental conditions.
On the history of the study of land turtles (Testudinidae, Testudo) of the Caucasus
Authors: Gichikhanova U. A. ,   Dagestan State University, Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Mazanaeva L. F. ,   Dagestan State University
Published: July 2024

An analysis of the literature on long-term studies of the land turtle (Testudinidae, Testudo graeca) in the Caucasus was carried out. Particular attention is paid to the results obtained over the past decades. Starting from the 19th century, the main stages in the history of study have been identified. The main focus of the researchers was on the ecology, biology and taxonomy of the species. Despite a long history of study, the species in the Caucasus still remains insufficiently studied.
On the morphology of the blind snake (Xerotyphlops vermicularis (Merrem, 1820)) (Typhlopidae, Reptilia) in Dagestan
Authors: Ismailova Z. S. ,   Dagestan State University, Rabadanova Z. G. ,   Dagestan State University
Published: July 2024

The worm-like blind snake – Xerotyphlops vermicularis (Merrem, 1820) has a wide range. The Dagestan population is located at the northern limit of the species' range. This paper provides information on the morphology of the Dagestan population and a comparison of its morphological data with the Turkish and Cypriot populations. A total of 67 sexually mature individuals (14 males and 53 females) were studied. 23 signs were analyzed, of which 19 were linear and 4 were signs of folidosis. The data obtained as a result of the study showed differences between the sexes within the Dagestan population. The values of the characteristics of pholidosis were within the variability of the species. Data obtained from comparing the Dagestan population with the Turkish and Cypriot ones also revealed differences and showed that the Dagestan blind snakes are larger.
Development of Sustainability in Accounting - Cognitive and Conceptual Approaches
Authors: . Turiman , . Suharyono , Firmansyah Amrie
Published: July 2024

The question of continuity has become a worldwide concern, drawing the attention of every government. Economic performance is no longer the only factor used to determine organizational success. Supremacy and competitiveness demand attention to environmental and social activities. The function of accountants has also evolved. Reporting, managing the creation, and maintenance of assessment reports is solely the responsibility of the shareholders. This study aims to examine the continuity of accounting evolution. This study employed a scoping review as its methodology. Research data on sustainable accounting was gathered from various national and international academic papers. The findings indicate that accountants are essential for long-term economic prosperity. Accountants should be able to provide sustainability reports on a level with financial statements. They should be able to assess the quality level of the sustainability report. According to the findings of this study, an accountant is necessary for a healthy economy. The accountants’ capacity to prepare should be able to assess the quality of the report’s continuity. Apart from this, accountants play an important role in setting effective standards for report continuity.
Keywords: sustainability accounting, sustainability reporting, sustainable development
The Impact of Poverty, Human Development, and Zakat Contributions on Economic Growth in Indonesia and Malaysia
Authors: Naurah Bayu Luthfiyyah , Anwar Fathoni Muhammad
Published: July 2024

The paradigm of the conventional economic theory states that economic growth affects poverty levels and human development, but this study proves the opposite. The economic growth influences the poverty level and human development. This study investigates the impact of poverty, human development, and the zakat fund on economic gowth in Indonesia and Malaysia between 2011 and 2020. Indonesia and Malaysia are two countries that have close characteristics, namely countries with a Muslim majority in Southeast Asia that develop zakat. The quantitative method will be used in this study using secondary data. The analytical technique used in this research is panel data regression analysis. This study demonstrates that poverty, human development, and zakat funds affected the economic growth in Indonesia and Malaysia from 2011 to 2020.
Keywords: economic growth, poverty, zakat, religious charity, index of human development
The Role of Government Internal Supervisory Apparatus (APIP) and Government Internal Control System (SPIP) in Achieving Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in Indonesia
Authors: E. Malelea Fitria , Chairil Furqan Andi , . Tenripada , . Megawati
Published: July 2024

One of the Sustainable Development Agenda for 2030 is to end poverty by all means possible. This study aims to analyze the role of the capabilities of the Government Internal Supervisory Apparatus (APIP) in the effectiveness of the Government Internal Control System (SPIP) and the extent of its influence on the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in Indonesia. This study uses data from 508 District/City Governments in Indonesia with a final sample of 2005 observations. The results indicate that APIP capabilities have contributed to the effectiveness of SPIP. In addition, it was found that the capabilities of APIP and SPIP play a role in reducing poverty levels in Districts/Cities in Indonesia, thus potentially increasing the achievement of the SDGs. Meanwhile, SPIP in this study did not mediate the effect of APIP capabilities on the achievement of the SDGs. The implications of this study are closely related to transformation efforts to achieve the SDGs, in relation to poverty alleviation in the regions. Therefore, as a strategy for achieving the SDGs and simultaneously reducing poverty rates in the regions, the District/City Governments need to establish supporting policies to ensure the implementation of programs that enhance APIP capabilities and the effectiveness of SPIP administration.
Keywords: APIP, SPIP, SDGs, poverty, local government
El uso de Twitter en los estudiantes de la Facultad de Filosofía de la Universidad de Cuenca
Authors: Guillermo Ríos Victor Hugo , León Martínez Fredy Eduardo , Zea Montero Pedro Xavier
Published: July 2024

Esta investigación está realizada con el fin de conocer cuáles son las tendencias que marcan hoy con respecto al uso de las plataformas digitales y estas en la formación y educación, el consumo, la interactividad y entretenimiento por los jóvenes universitarios de la Facultad de Filosofía de la Universidad de Cuenca. Considerando que Twitter es una red social que brinda facilidad y rapidez en la comunicación o las noticias en tiempo real, queremos conocer cómo lo utilizan en beneficio de su propia especialización de la carrera y qué camino siguen en la interacción.
En cuanto a la metodología, se utiliza la revisión bibliográfica documental, la investigación descriptiva de los resultados de los consumidores de la red Twitter. Se realizaron encuestas para la recopilación de los datos. La investigación se desarrolló en las escuelas con mayor número de alumnos de la Facultad, en total 401 encuestas.
Los hallazgos que se pueden indicar entre otros son que la red más utilizada entre los jóvenes sigue siendo Facebook, que la escuela de comunicación es en donde más usan Twitter, que casi el total de alumnos desean que se incluya en el pensum de estudios de su especialidad la materia, manejo de redes sociales.  
Palabras clave: educación, aprendizaje, tuits, interactividad, redes sociales.
Film as a Linguosemiotic Phenomenon: Translational and Neurolinguistic Aspect
Authors: Kivenko Inna , Moskaliuk Olena , Shapoval Anna , BURENKO Tetiana , Kolodii Bogdana , Lelet Iryna
Published: July 2024

This study aims to study the potential of film as a semiotic and translational phenomenon for foreign language proficiency and translator training in the context of neurolinguistics. The article examines the theoretical foundations of the use of films in language education, focusing on the role of semiotics and translation in language learning and the didactic benefits of using films in the foreign language classroom. The research was carried out by reviewing the existing literature on audiovisual text and the peculiarities of its translation. It also presents an example of the experience of translation students who translated "The Interpreter" (2005a) from English to Ukrainian. The findings suggest that film adaptation for language learning has the potential to provide multiple benefits and can be a very effective tool in terms of developing communicative competence and translation skills as an aspect of neurolinguistics development. First, films can serve as a source of authentic and engaging language input, exposing learners to a variety of accents, dialects and registers of the target language. Second, films can promote cultural sensitivity and awareness by providing students with valuable information about the customs, traditions, and social norms of the target culture. In addition, movies are a manifestation of artificial intelligence and can support students' motivation and interest in language learning, as they are often strongly motivated to participate in watching movies in the target language.
Creating a Model of Music Teacher Training by Integrating Distance and Full-Time Modes of Learning: Current Approaches in Education
Authors: Shcherbak Ihor , Gigolayeva-Yurchenko Viktoriya , Krus Oksana , Kryzhanovska Tetiana , Frumkina Aryna , Komarovska Oksana
Published: July 2024

The study is devoted to the problem of the formation of mastery of music teachers based on the integration of distance and face-to-face learning as an aspect of neuropedagogy. This problem has not been studied in the scientific and methodological literature, although digital means of communication have long penetrated the sphere of musical and pedagogical education. The task of designing a model of professional music teacher training, which has changed due to the introduction of distance learning for future music teachers, remains relevant. In the course of the research, theoretical system-analytical methods were used, methodical materials and experience of university teachers were studied in the field of developing a model of teaching music students in conditions of integration of remote and full-time forms of work. In the context of the research, scientific research on neuropedagogy was analyzed, conceptual and categorical components of the research work were determined. The main focus of the study is related to the principles of building a model of professional training of a music teacher based on the integration of distance and full-time forms of education. In order to realize the research goal, the method of synthesis and analysis, integration, research, descriptive and scientific methods were applied. The method of generalization was used to determine the results of the research work, which formed an idea about the neuropedagogical essence of the formation of professional competence of a musician.
Medical Rehabilitation as a Pillar of Quality of Life: A Bibliometric Mapping of Contemporary Research
Authors: Vancea Amalia , Aivaz Kamer-Ainur , Spiru Luiza
Published: July 2024

The present study aims to map the current field of research through a bibliometric analysis focusing on the concept of Quality of Life in Older People, taking Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation as a starting point. The methodology is based on the use of mathematical and statistical methods to analyze the scientific activity in the Scopus database over the period 2020-2023, identifying key publications, influential authors and thematic connections through keywords and co-citations. Filtering was performed by subject area, publication period and language of papers, resulting in 711 articles out of the original 2,272. The research focuses on identifying thematic clusters and the connections between them, with the main objective of decoding the relationships between various topics and their degree of centrality in the discussion on improving quality of life among older people. The results highlight areas of main interest as well as those niches less explored, opening perspectives for future research. This provides answers to the questions: which research themes are predominantly associated with quality of life through the lens of physical medicine and rehabilitation, and how these sub-themes interconnect in the research network.
Commentary on “Country-specific net-zero strategies of the pulp and paper industry”
Authors: Li Jian , Zhang Yunfei , Shen Jun
Published: July 2024

The pulp and paper industry is one of the most energy-intensive industries. Achieving net-zero emissions in this industry is crucial for mitigating global warming and reducing environmental pollution. The article entitled “Country-specific net-zero strategies of the pulp and paper industry,” published in Nature, addressed this issue. Through an in-depth analysis of the historical emission data of the pulp and paper industry in 30 major countries, a series of country-specific net-zero strategies were proposed. This commentary reviewed the main content and views of that article, and the rigor and applicability of its methods are discussed. Then, the potential impacts of economic trade-offs, resource endowments, and technological advancements on the net-zero strategies of the pulp and paper industry in various countries are further considered.
On occupational factors and premature aging (literature review)
Authors: Savchenko O. A. , Novikova I. I. , Plotnikova O. V.
Published: July 2024

Quantitative characteristics of the impact of factors of the production environment (physical, chemical, biological), the severity and intensity of the labor process, their contribution to the deterioration of the health of the working contingent and the development of mechanisms of premature aging can hardly be overestimated. Occupational factors play a leading role among the health risk factors of the labor contingent in the workplace. Their effect on the organism of people engaged in work with harmful and (or) dangerous working conditions can have cumulative effect on the health of workers and cause premature aging of the body, exert an adverse effect on the central nervous, cardiovascular, endocrine, reproductive, digestive, excretory, blood, musculoskeletal system, causing psychosomatic, acute and chronic occupational diseases, and poisoning. Long-term chronic “occupational” and domestic stress prevails among the mechanisms that reveal premature aging at the level of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. The article analyzes (according to literature sources) the most probable risk factors and mechanisms that trigger the processes of premature aging.
Morphological features of changes in target organs during pharmacological monocrotaline-induced modeling of pulmonary hypertension in rats under conditions of preliminary stimulation of liver enzymatic systems
Authors: Zagrebelnaya A. V. , Shcheblykina O. V. , Bolgov A. A.
Published: July 2024

Pulmonary hypertension is a condition characterized by a progressive increase in pressure in the pulmonary circulation. The simplest and most common experimental model of pulmonary hypertension is the monocrotaline model. It is based on the process of transformation of monocrotaline in the liver by cytochrome P450 into endothelial toxic monocrotaline pyrrole, which in turn, damaging the endothelium of the pulmonary vessels, leads to circulatory disorders in the pulmonary circulation and the formation of pulmonary hypertension. Thus, additional prestimulation of cytochrome P450 may increase the stability and representativeness of the monocrotaline model. The purpose of this work was to determine differences in morphological changes in the myocardium and pulmonary vessels of rats in which pulmonary hypertension was modeled using monocrotaline with and without additional stimulation of liver enzymes. Material and methods. The study was conducted on 24 mature male Wistar rats. The animals were divided into 4 groups of 6 rats. Group 1 was represented by intact animals. In groups 2, 3 and 4, modeling of pulmonary hypertension in rats was carried out with a single subcutaneous injection of an aqueous-alcohol solution of monocrotaline at a dose of 60 mg/kg. In order to induce cytochrome P450 in groups 3 and 4, animals were intragastrically administered phenobarbital for one and three days, respectively. Results and discussion. The area of cardiomyocyte nuclei in the groups with one- and three-day preliminary stimulation of liver enzymes was 22.78 ± 3.4 and 23.63 ± 3.72 µm2 , respectively, significantly different from the corresponding values of the control group and group 2. Similar results were revealed when determining the index of the thickness of the medial membrane of small-caliber pulmonary arteries – 58.32 ± 10.02 and 76.44 ± 18.55 % in the groups with one- and three-day preliminary stimulation, respectively. In addition to quantitative changes, qualitative changes were also noted: with additional activation of cytochrome P450, interstitial fibrosis and myocarditis more intensively formed in the myocardium, and signs of “monocrotaline syndrome” more rapidly arose and progressed in the lungs. Conclusions. Based on the data obtained, it can be assumed that preliminary cytochrome P450 causes an increase in the stability, reproducibility and severity of morphological changes in the monocrotaline model of pulmonary hypertension.
Polska monografia popularnonaukowa przełomu XIX I XX wieku
Authors: Gajda Anetta
Published: July 2024

Publikacja dotyczy książki popularnonaukowej. Autorka omawia dzieje idei popularyzacji, świadomość genologiczną popularyzatorów, a także rekonstruuje rodzinę gatunków popularyzujących wiedzę w Polsce w wieku XIX i na początku wieku XX. Analizuje przede wszystkim wzorzec gatunkowy monografii popularnonaukowej – jej strukturę, pewne aspekty pragmatyczne, zwłaszcza relacje między nadawcą i odbiorcą, problematykę wartościowania oraz aspekt stylistyczny.
Percepções sobre a DRC e a adesão ao tratamento: opiniões de pacientes, familiares e profissionais
Authors: Melo Georgia , Melo Cynthia , Correia Jéssica , Lima Edna , Seidl Eliane , Branco Layza Castelo
Published: July 2024

Objetivou-se analisar a percepção de pacientes, familiares e profissionais sobre a doença renal crônica e a adesão ao seu tratamento. Realizou-se uma pesquisa qualitativa com 47 participantes que responderam a um roteiro de entrevista cujos dados foram analisados no IRaMuTeQ. Os resultados mostraram que os pacientes tinham pouca compreensão acerca da doença e do tratamento e sentimentos negativos associados a eles. Entre os fatores facilitadores da adesão, destacam-se o apoio familiar/profissional; entre os limitadores, a restrição hídrica, a dieta e as limitações na rotina do paciente e cuidador. Os profissionais apresentaram distinções entre a hemodiálise e a diálise peritoneal, comparando limitações e benefícios. Concluiu-se a importância da atenção aos fatores que dificultam a adesão ao tratamento para potencializar seu sucesso.
Interacción madre-bebé en el hogar. Un estudio de observación con bebés de 9 meses en situaciones de lectura y otras rutinas cotidianas
Authors: Mareovich Florencia , Jauck Daniela Eva , Peralta Olga Alicia
Published: July 2024

Una actividad muy valorada durante la primera infancia es la lectura compartida. Sin embargo, pocas investigaciones analizan las interacciones con libros ilustrados antes del año de vida. El objetivo de este trabajo es describir y comparar los estilos de interacción de madres y sus bebés de 9 meses en el hogar en situaciones de lectura y rutinas cotidianas. Se filmaron y analizaron una rutina cotidiana (baño, juego o comida) y un momento de lectura compartida. Los resultados muestran que las madres presentan un estilo más dialógico durante la lectura y más directivo durante las actividades cotidianas. Los bebés realizan mayormente acciones manipulativas sobre los libros. Ante intervenciones maternas los pequeños responden de manera más contingente y convencional. Los resultados muestran que las madres tienen un rol significativo al estructurar las experiencias de lectura durante el primer año de vida, apoyando la recomendación de incrementar la lectura a edades tempranas.
Examining the Relationship Between Marital (and Parental) Status and Moral Foundations
Authors: Castilla-Estévez David
Published: July 2024

Drawing from Moral Foundations Theory, in this article I hypothesize that higher scores on binding moral foundations are related to having children or being in a committed relationship. I support this assumption by presenting empirical evidence gathered from one meta-analytical analysis involving of nineteen studies about moral foundations and marital status (k = 27; N = 38,044), one meta-analytical analysis involving ten studies about moral foundations and parental status (k = 12; N = 24,521), and four independent samples t test, involving a subsample of eight studies (k = 8; N = 6,982). The results support my hypothesis for parental status, and partially support my hypothesis for marital status. Limitations regarding the scarcity of available data and others, are discussed.
Esmeraldas en Colombia
Authors: Guerrero Barón Javier , Pineda Jiménez Jacinto , Jiménez Larrotta Ángel
Published: July 2024

Dentro del conjunto de violencias regionales que afectan a Colombia, el caso de la región esmeraldífera sobresale por las formas, contenidos y relaciones con fenómenos nacionales como el contrabando, la subversión armada, el narcotráfico, el paramilitarismo y las organizaciones criminales. En un espacio relativamente cercano a Bogotá, creció a partir de los años 60 un mercado ilegal, ligado al tráfico y contrabando de esmeraldas, gracias al cual ciertos grupos acumularon grandes excedentes. La acumulación del capital en torno al mercado ilegal de esmeraldas fue un elemento esencial en la configuración de la dinámica social, económica, política y sociocultural del departamento de Boyacá y del país. A su vez, se creó un circuito económico que retroalimentó el Estado a través de sus instituciones, lo cual hizo difícil la demarcación entre lo legal y lo ilegal.En el Estado se entronizó el poder de mafias, grupos políticos y económicos que redireccionaron la acción gubernamental a favor de sus intereses. El presente libro busca dilucidar cómo se manifiesta esa imbricación entre el poder del Estado y el poder de los actores desde la sociedad por medio de las estrategias a las cuales acudieron. El libro trae un análisis de las estrategias violentas que los actores desplegaron y que tienen como escenario la zona esmeraldífera, los municipios de la región y ciudades como Chiquinquirá y Bogotá. Las tácticas y métodos utilizados: el asesinato, la masacre, el asalto y otras formas caracterizadas por la crueldad, condujeron a crear un escenario de terror y de miedo. La lucha abierta por el control territorial, donde se materializó el mercado, generó un espacio de confrontación que arrastró no solo a los actores comprometidos, sino a la población de la región. Este escenario solo es posible bajo la comprensión de la economía ilegal y sus prácticas mafiosas, un Estado débil que con su accionar fomentó el conflicto y también unas relaciones sociales basadas en la lealtad, en las relaciones subjetivas con el territorio, la formación de las estructuras de poder y las relaciones de dominio.
Ceramic Biomaterials in Dentistry: Review
Authors: Inchingolo Francesco
Published: July 2024

Recent years have seen significant advancements in the field of materials science, accompanied by progress in analytical techniques and the discovery of new control devices and materials. These advancements have paved the way for the development of innovative approaches for raw material selection, with particular attention to creating advanced materials with specific physical and chemical properties tailored to meet desired criteria. This growing demand is particularly pronounced in environments with complex conditions, such as biological environments like the oral cavity. Consequently, there is a pressing need to identify and design materials that meet rigorous standards capable of withstanding such demanding environments. In the search for materials suitable for these applications, the need for advanced additives or biomaterials arises, which not only possess specific physicochemical attributes but also emulate biological materials, such as teeth, once integrated into biological systems. These biomaterials, spanning a wide range from metals, alloys, and polymers to glasses (bioglass), carbon fiber composites, and biological materials, interface with biological systems such as tissues and human fluids. However, it is essential to emphasize that biomaterials, while in contact with biological entities, differ from pharmaceutical materials.
Desigualdades sociales en las coberturas de vacunación de sarampión y DPT en niños menores de 5 años en Latinoamérica y el Caribe en 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015 y 2019
Authors:   , Hinojosa Guevara Camila Nohelia , Cuba Alvarez Luis Andre
Published: July 2024

Objetivo: Analizar las desigualdades que existen en Latinoamérica y el Caribe (LAC) con respecto a las coberturas de vacunación de DPT y sarampión en menores de 5 años. Metodología: Se realizó un estudio ecológico en menores de 5 años de LAC y el uso de los indicadores del Banco Mundial como variables independientes medibles de los años 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015 y 2019. Este trabajo tuvo tres métodos para el análisis de desigualdades: (A) el índice de Kuznets absoluto y relativo para determinar la desigualdad absoluta y relativa, (B) la gradiente de desigualdad y (C) la curva e índice de concentración de salud. Resultados: Los países con menor gasto en salud, son aquellos que tienen las coberturas de vacunación de DPT y sarampión más bajas; sin embargo, no hay una diferencia muy marcada en los grupos ya que los programas de vacunación nacional buscan cerrar las brechas de desigualdad entre los países ricos y pobres. Conclusiones: Aún existe diferencias en la cobertura de vacunación entre países ricos y pobres, pero estas disminuyeron.
Exposición a pantallas de dispositivos electrónicos y su asociación con el síndrome visual informático en estudiantes de pregrado de ciencias de la salud de una universidad privada de Lima, 2021-2022
Authors:   , Gamez Vigo Madeleine Pamela , Carlos Barron Itziar Katia
Published: July 2024

Objetivo: Determinar la frecuencia y describir algunas características del síndrome visual informático en estudiantes de pregrado de ciencias de la salud de la Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas en los años 2021-2022 expuestos a pantallas de dispositivos electrónicos. Metodología: Estudio transversal analítico. Población compuesta por 371 estudiantes de ciencias de salud con código universitario 2010 a 2022 de una universidad privada en Lima, Perú, matriculados en los ciclos académicos 2021-01, 2021-02 y/o 2022-01, en los cuales predominó el estudio en modalidad virtual por la pandemia por COVID-19. Se utilizó el instrumento CVS-Q (Computer Vision Syndrome Questionnaire) validado en Perú para medir SVI y sus síntomas a través de un cuestionario auto aplicable virtual. Resultados: La frecuencia ​de SVI fue 18.33%. El síntoma más frecuentemente reportado fue la cefalea y el menos frecuente, la visión doble. El tiempo de exposición a pantallas de dispositivos fue ≥ 5 horas diarias en el 91.11% de estudiantes. En cuanto a la población estudiada el 66% ​ fueron mujeres, la mediana de edad fue 22 años (RIC: 21-23) y el 69% presentó alguna alteración visual. Se encontró asociación con SVI y las variables rigidez de cuello, dolor de hombro, astigmatismo, el uso de gotas para el ojo y la regla 20/20/20 (p<0.05). Aumentaron el riesgo de SVI: el sexo (RPa: 3.63; IC 1.70-7.73), y padecer de trastornos de sueño (RPa: 1.56; IC 1.00-2.43). La toma de descansos durante el uso de dispositivos fue un factor protector para SVI (RPa: 0.49; IC 0.26-0.96). Conclusiones: La frecuencia de SVI fue 18.33%. La rigidez de cuello, dolor de hombro, astigmatismo y el uso de gotas para el ojo fueron las principales variables asociadas a SVI encontrados en este estudio. El sexo y padecer de un trastorno de sueño fueron los principales factores de riesgo para SVI, a diferencia de la toma de descansos durante el uso de dispositivos que resultó ser un factor protector. Por otro lado, se recomienda practicar la regla 20/20/20 así como implementar otras intervenciones preventivas.
NAOEMOTION: GENERACIÓN DE TEXTO A PARTIR DE UN SENTIMIENTO UTILIZANDO EL ROBOT NAO
Authors:   , Pautrat Lertora Andres Alejandro , Perez Lozano Renzo Reynaldo
Published: July 2024

La finalidad de este proyecto recae en la mejora de la interacción humano robot, mediante la generación de texto basados en sentimiento usando un modelo GAN, en donde se describe a lo largo del proyecto su utilidad, limitaciones y ventajas del uso de este tipo de redes. Empezando el trayecto de este documento el capítulo uno se plantean las bases para el proyecto, en este se define la problemática, junto al objetivo general como los específicos, además de plantear las restricciones, alcance y la organización. En el capítulo dos, se presenta en las técnicas usadas para el desarrollo en conjunto de las herramientas, de esta forma se recopila todo el conocimiento general para el desarrollo definiendo y explicando cada punto. En el capítulo tres, se detallan los objetivos específicos, junto a su cumplimiento a través del ciclo de vida del proyecto presentado en los 9 sprints, además de presentar el desarrollo del proyecto, explicando cómo se inicia con investigación para recolectar información necesaria para continuar con el diseño e implementación. En el capítulo cuatro, se revelan los resultados obtenidos mediante los experimentos con métricas cuantitativas y cualitativas, siendo estas métricas de calidad de texto, encuestas y entrevistas. En el capítulo cinco, se detalla la resolución de los planes realizados en los artefactos de gestión. Finalmente se presentan las conclusiones y recomendaciones del proyecto.
Effects of caffeine on early morning physical and cognitive performance
Authors: Chadwick Michael
Published: July 2024

Anaerobic and gross muscular performance is significantly greater in the evening that in the morning, due to the body clock and higher muscle and core temperatures in the evening compared to the morning (Ayala et al. 2021., Chron Int, 38, 1522-1536). However, little is known on the effect of caffeine supplementation on early morning gross muscular and cognitive performance, and whether this can mask the performance limitations imposed by the morning hours. Eight healthy, active male participants (mean ± SD: age, 21 ± 1 years; body mass, 78 ± 7 kg; stature, 178 ± 4 cm) volunteered and completed 2 familiarisation sessions and two experimental sessions. Experimental sessions 1) caffeine pill condition and 2) no pill condition was counterbalanced in order of administration (separated by >48h). The sessions began at 07:00h. During each session, intra-aural temperature was taken after participants had reclined for 30-min at the start of the protocol. Questionnaires were also provided to assess mood and sleep, then cognitive performance was assessed via the Stroop test. Agility was assessed using the Whitty SEM micrograte system, grip strength was measured using a hand grip dynamometer and finally 3x countermovement jumps and 3x squat jumps were recorded using a Jump mat. The aims of the study were to assess the effects of caffeine supplementation on 1) gross muscular and 2) cognitive assessments.