bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Towards a Realized Eschatology: Paul Farmer as Good Samaritan
Authors: Block, OP Jennie Weiss
Published: February 2023

Paul Farmer dedicated his life to making the fruits of modern medicine available to the poorest people in the world. Working untiringly for over four decades, his groundbreaking model and successful outcomes were widely recognized and respected. An often-asked question is what motivated Dr. Farmer’s unfailing commitment to the poor people he so lovingly served. This chapter explores the ways in which the Christian narrative and the Pascal mystery grounded Farmer’s religious and moral imagination and guided his life and work. Deeply influenced by the parable of the Good Samaritan and the Corporal Works of Mercy, this chapter describes Farmer’s eschatological vision and his deep desire to bring about the Kingdom of God in the here and now.
Part 2: A Prism for Liberation Theology
Authors: Block, OP Jennie Weiss , Lysaught M. Therese , Martins Alexandre A.
Published: February 2023

This introduction to Part 2: A Prism for Liberation Theology provides an overview of the section and brief descriptions of the following chapters: Chapter Five, “Liberation Theology and Public Health Ethics,” by Alexandre A. Martins; Chapter Six, “Theologians in the Field: ‘Dices que eres un teólogo, ¿cuál es tu practica?’”, by Leo Guardado; Chapter Seven, “Liberating Theological Ethics from the Invisible Hand: Paul Farmer, the World’s Poor, and the Quandaries of the Fortunate,” by M. Therese Lysaught; and Chapter Eight, “Confronting ‘Structures of Violence’: Women’s Empowerment and the Legacy of Paul Farmer,” by Suzanne Mulligan.
Confronting “Structures of Violence”: Women’s Empowerment and the Legacy of Paul Farmer
Authors: Mulligan Suzanne
Published: February 2023

This chapter examines the work of the late Dr. Paul Farmer, in particular his concept of “structures of violence” and how they oppress the poor. Poorer women of color remain at disproportionate risk of ill health and social exclusion, and so their empowerment is a vital step towards securing fundamental human rights, including access to adequate healthcare. Farmer’s work provides a valuable resource for theological ethics, for it addresses issues that are often neglected or under-represented within magisterial teaching. It is argued that Farmer’s analysis of “structures of violence” could shed new light on our theology of social sin, and that his writings on women’s rights have an important contribution to make to Catholic ethical discourse today.
Ebola and the Ravages of History in Paul Farmer: A Catholic Theological Ethical Response to Global Health Inequity in Africa
Authors: Ilo Stan Chu
Published: February 2023

In this chapter, I explore with Paul Farmer why Ebola has persisted in Africa and why it continues to kill so many Africans as we see in the current outbreak in Uganda (September 2022) with the Sudanese strain. Farmer’s appeal to social medicine and social context in understanding the remote causes of the cause of Ebola offers an important corrective to the disease control and treatment paradigm approach in global health amidst the devastating impact of health inequity. I conclude my chapter by using Farmer’s analysis of the causes of global health inequity in Africa to propose how theological ethics can serve the mission of churches and African communities in designing healthcare systems for health improvement and health protection in solidarity with the poor and the most vulnerable. I will propose some effective strategies for global health partnerships in Africa against the current preoccupation with disease control and prevention, medical mission, and crisis intervention from outside Africa.
From Compassion to Pragmatic Solidarity: Considering the Right to Health from the Margins
Authors: Ryan Maura
Published: February 2023

This chapter explores the ways in which Catholic social thought informs the content of a “right to health,” and asks how its understanding of the relationship between health and human rights is enriched by Paul Farmer’s construction of “pragmatic solidarity.” Examining Farmer’s argument for moving from the feeling of “compassion” in the face of suffering to the action of “pragmatic solidarity” entails acknowledging that death and disease have social causes and cannot be adequately addressed without also addressing those causes. It also requires identifying and addressing the patterns of structural violence that determine how disease and death are distributed and to whom the goods of science and medicine will be available.
Biosphere, Noosphere, Global crises, Global management, Scientific thinking.
Authors:   Faculty of Social and Political Science, Hasanuddin University., Kahar Kahar , Rachmat Andi Aisyah ,   Faculty of Social and Political Science, Hasanuddin University.
Published: February 2023

his research was conducted to determine the communication strategy of Lejja hot spring tourism in increasing tourism interest in Soppeng Regency and the things that support and hinder travel. This study uses a qualitative method that aims to describe a situation or phenomenon. In this study, there are research results that show that the parties involved in the development of tourist objects have implemented tourism communication strategies, but still need to be more optimized. In tourism communication, to find interest in traveling, tourism communication is carried out through advertising or promotion through the website. Tourism communication strategies, among others, focus on: natural attractions, community support and advances in information technology.
Asean's Attitude to the Coup in Myanmar Ne Regrette Rein
Authors:   Widya Mataram University Yogyakarta, Pandoman Agus
Published: February 2023

ASEAN has been confronted with this reality and this reality rests with its members, that the change of power in Myanmar is carried out deviating from universal norms or in other languages in ways that are not adab. How inconsistent ASEAN leaders are concerned, but what emerges is a contradictory polemic between the purpose of the meeting agenda and the press statement. If we want to avoid political lip service, the best thing is that at least ASEAN leaders should not forget the meaning of a word spoken ” Coup “. A coup is one of the ways of succession that is not adab ( deviating from universal norms ) According to Edward Luttwat the author of the book “COIR”, the essence of a coup is to seize power at the main decision-making center of the state and, through this, seize control of the entire nation. The concept of succession that is shown to the public and accepted by ASEAN pervasively has replaced the meaning of democracy controlled by legality, transformed into community-controlled, that is, through authoritarianism pacta The Organization of Southeast Asian Nations, which has democratic value in the form of democratization of coups, as a true cultural or social achievement. This reality must certainly be welcomed by those who have the views and ability to seize state power through the democratization of coups, becoming the new norm of succession of state leadership . Political affiliation and patterns of power behavior by carrying its components are the greatest asset to show the results of geographical political support (Regional Organizations). And furthermore the junta leader together with all ASEAN members took a ne regrette rein ‘ stance ( Don’t regret anything/ don’t regret anything).
Vernadsky's Concept of the Noosphere in a Global Management Environment: Searching for Ways to Exit Global Crises
Authors:   Institute of Mediamatics, Faculty of Social and Economic Sciences, Comenius University  Mlynske luhy 4, 821 05 Bratislava, Slovakia, Jaseckova Galina , Vartiak Lukas ,   Institute of Mediamatics, Faculty of Social and Economic Sciences, Comenius University  Mlynske luhy 4, 821 05 Bratislava, Slovakia
Published: February 2023

Institute of Mediamatics, Faculty of Social and Economic Sciences, Comenius University Mlynske luhy 4, 821 05 Bratislava, Slovakia
Predictive Modelling of a Honeypot System Based on a Markov Decision Process and a Partially Observable Markov Decision Process
Authors: Wang Lidong , Mosher Reed , Duett Patti , Falls Terril
Published: February 2023

A honeypot is used to attract and monitor attacker activities and capture valuable information that can be used to help practice good cybersecurity. Predictive modelling of a honeypot system based on a Markov decision process (MDP) and a partially observable Markov decision process (POMDP) is performed in this paper. Analyses over a finite planning horizon and an infinite planning horizon for a discounted MDP are respectively conducted. Four methods, including value iteration (VI), policy iteration (PI), linear programming (LP), and Q-learning, are used in the analyses over an infinite planning horizon for the discounted MDP. The results of the various methods are compared to evaluate the validity of the created MDP model and the parameters in the model. The optimal policy to maximise the total expected reward of the states of the honeypot system is achieved, based on the MDP model employed. In the modelling over an infinite planning horizon for the discounted POMDP of the honeypot system, the effects of the observation probability of receiving commands, the probability of attacking the honeypot, the probability of the honeypot being disclosed, and transition rewards on the total expected reward of the honeypot system are studied.
Mitigating potential public health risks and challenges from hazardous materials contained in electronic waste items in a developing country setting
Authors: Eneh Onyenekenwa C. , Eneh Chinemelum A. , Eneonwo Cosmas I. , Okosun Andy , Emenuga Vera , Obi Nicholas I. , Egbenta Idu R. , Oloto Martin C. , Ubani Obinna , Akah Peter A.
Published: February 2023

Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) Targets 12.4 and 3.9 aim to reduce deaths and illnesses from hazardous chemicals and to achieve environmentally friendly management of chemical and wastes. Electronic wastes, which contain hazardous chemicals, are rapidly generated in poor countries due to demand for affordable near-end-of-life internet-enabled gadgets that soon wear out and are improperly disposed due to ignorance, throw-away mentality and dearth of waste management infrastructure. This study identified hazardous chemicals contained in significant quantities in e-waste items, described their public health challenges and suggested mitigation measures. Results showed that mercury, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), cadmium, lead and beryllium oxide were hazardous chemicals contained in significant quantities in e-waste items. The study recommended the formulation of appropriate environmental health education technology policy (AEHETP) to guide stakeholders to design education, preventive, therapeutic and decontamination plans for awareness creation and raising to address the toxic effects of e-waste items on users in poor countries.
La documentazione del patrimonio culturale perduto mediante fotogrammetria e intelligenza artifi ciale
Authors: Condorelli Francesca
Published: February 2023

This research aims to give an analysis and assessment through the extraction of metricinformation from historical images and to experiment with its potentialities in the heritage fi eldwith the aim of valorising historical iconographical documentation. In particular the paperdeals with photogrammetry applied to historical images. A classifi cation and a state of the artof historical archives material considering their possible use in metric documentation and thussuitable for photogrammetry is performed. A photogrammetric workfl ow is proposed to processhistorical images and the maximum metric quality level reachable by the photogrammetricprocessing is investigated. Two case studies in Paris were chosen: the UNESCO HeritageTour Saint Jacques and the pavilions of Les Halles of the architect Victor Baltard. The twostudies represent different situations of heritage because the tower was transformed over timebut still exists and the pavilions were destroyed in 1971. Thus, it is possible to compare thedifferent results obtained from the implementation of the workfl ow to the two case studies.
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Alleviate Postpartum Depression Symptomps
Authors: Paramudita Lathifah Tiya , Nurrasyidah Rahmi , Sugita Sugita , Prihati Dwi Retna
Published: February 2023

Introduction: Postpartum women are prone to experience psychological disorders such as baby blues and postpartum depression. Postpartum depression can occur due to prolonged baby blues. Complaints that are often felt include anxiety, difficulty sleeping, lack of confidence and changes in mood. These symptoms can develop into more severe symptoms not only of not being able to pay attention to the baby but also of women being prone to suicide. various interventions have been developed including pharmacological interventions. Women who have been intervened with drugs complain of the many side effects they experience. Non-pharmacological treatments such as cognitive behaviour therapy have the potential effect to relieve symptoms of depression. Cognitive Behavior Therapy is a psychological intervention model that trains the perceptions of postpartum women to apply solution-based thinking. This technique is often used to intervene in psychological problems.
Aims: The review is to summarize the effectiveness of cognitive behavioural therapy in reducing postpartum depression
Methods: This research is a literature study based on 7 articles screened based on PICO, inclusion and exclusion criteria. We did a review based on research with RCT methods and pre-experimental studies. Review use database Pubmed, Science Direct, and Google Scholar
Results: Based on the available evidence, Both CBT offline and online can reduce symptoms of postpartum depression. A trained midwife can perform CBT. The CBT mobile application can also be developed as a virtual therapy for women with postpartum depression. CBT can be applied during the antenatal period or during the postpartum period.
Conclusion: CBT offline, online or application effective to treat postpartum depression
Kombinasi Ekstrak Etanol Mesokarp Semangka (Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.)) dan Bawang Putih (Allium sativum L.) terhadap Kadar Glukosa Darah dengan Metode GOD-PAP pada Tikus Diabetesbination of Ethanol Extract of Watermelon Mesocarp (Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.)) and Garlic (Allium sativum L.) on Blood Glucose Level by GOD-PAP Method in Diabetic Rats
Authors: Damayanti Amelia , Kusuma Ikhwan Yuda , Febrina Dina
Published: February 2023

Pendahuuan: Diabetes mellitus (DM) merupakan suatu penyakit dimana terdapat sekumpulan gangguan metabolisme yang ditandai dengan perubahan metabolisme lipid dan protein yang disebabkan oleh hiperglikemia, sekresi insulin, kerja insulin, ataupun keduanya. Kulit semangka mengandung senyawa fenolik yang  bekerja menghambat proses oksidatif yang disebabkan oleh radikal bebas. Disisi lain, bawang putih mengandung antioksidan berupa senyawa allisin yang dapat meningkatkan sekresi insulin dan menurunkan kadar glukosa plasma.
 
Tujuan: untuk mengetahui ada atau tidaknya efek kombinasi dan dosis efektif kombinasi ekstrak etanol mesokarp semangka (Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.)) dan bawang putih (Allium sativum L.) dalam menurunkan kadar glukosa darah tikus diabetes.
 
Metode: Metode pada penelitian ini adalah GOD-PAP, hewan uji tikus sebanyak 30 ekor dibagi 6 kelompok perlakuan, kemudian diukur kadar glukosa darah selama 14 hari. Hasil penelitian berdasarkan analis1is SPSS menunjukkan bahwa keseluruhan dosis kombinasi ekstrak etanol mesokarp semangka dan bawang putih memiliki efek sebagai menurunkan kadar glukosa darah.
 
Hasil: Pada dosis kombinasi mesokarp semangka 400mg/kg BB tikus dan bawang putih dosis 500 mg/kg BB tikus (kelompok 5) rerata sebesar 134,71 mg/dL memiliki efek paling mendekati kontrol positif (glibenklamid) rerata sebesar 145,03 mg/dL dalam menurunkan glukosa darah pada tikus yang diinduksi aloksan berdasarkan analisis One Way ANOVA tidak terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan. Kesimpulan: Dari hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa kombinasi esktrak etanol mesokarp semangka dan bawang putih menghasilkan efek yang dapat menurunkan glukosa darah.
ECO-INNOVATION AND BIOECONOMY IN SUSTAINABLE LOCAL DEVELOPMENT PLANNING
Authors: CRUZ-CABRERA BLASA CELERINA , CASTILLO-LEAL MARICELA , MIGUEL-VELASCO ANDRES ENRIQUE , LEON-CASTRO ERNESTO , JUÁREZ-OSORIO OLGA LEYVA
Published: February 2023

A theoretical review is presented from the theory of sustainable local development with the aim of describing strategies and actions for the planning of the use, distribution and administration of natural and environmental resources, influencing from the field of eco-innovation and bioeconomy for the integration of new alternative models of sustainable local development in rural communities, tending to mitigate the scarcity of resources, rational use, integral process and activities that promote the local jobs, entrepreneurship and technological innovation as added value to the adaptive capacities among the actors, standards of ethical behaviour and degree of associativity along the value chain of local productive schemes, favouring lasting and profitable results that lessen the deterioration of ecological biodiversity, community participation and their incorporation into social programmes, with regulatory policies, in innovative environments, effective and competitive environments incorporated into sustainable rural planning processes, for the use of natural resources without compromising the environmental resources of future generations, aspects that are traditionally developed with internal and external factors of interdependence between environmental, social, economic and political aspects, at the local and regional territorial level. These aspects are considered from the stage of diagnosis of capacities, resources, development and design of actions for municipal programs, as well as innovative projects proposed by the agents of change, municipal authorities, regional government organisms, educational institutions, business entities, setting up nodes or ecosystems that facilitate sustainable rural planning with endogenous adaptive capacities using eco-innovation and bioeconomy strategies that are transferred into integral programs and actions for the planning of sustainable local development of local/regional communities.
REWARD PRACTICES AND EMPLOYEE WORK PERFORMANCE AT MUKWANO GROUP OF FAMILY BUSINESSES IN KAMPALA CAPITAL CITY AUTHORITY, UGANDA
Authors: MUHINDO MWANAWEKA HENRY , MUBANDA MUYIGGWA SAUL , ONSARIGO MIENCHA ISAIAH
Published: February 2023

The relationship between reward practices and employee work performance has remained a concern to many institutions. This study attributed inadequate employee work performance to unsatisfactory monetary reward practices at Mukwano Group of Family Businesses. The specific study objectives were; to establish the relationship between monetary reward and employee work performance, and determine the influence of reward on employee work performance at Mukwano Group of Family Businesses. A cross-sectional research design was adopted guided by both quantitative and qualitative approaches. The study collected data from 301 respondents using a questionnaire. Results from Pearson correlation analysis, showed that there was a moderate positive linear significant relationship between monetary reward and employee work performance at Mukwano Group of Family Businesses (r (301) =-.539, p = .000). Based on the study results, it was concluded that monetary reward practices have a significant positive contribution towards employee performance at Mukwano Group of Family Businesses. Therefore, it was recommended that; the company or group of business should increase the salary, hourly wages, offer bonuses and commissions to workers.
EXAMINING READING COMPREHENSION QUESTIONS IN AN INTERMEDIATE LEVEL ENGLISH FOR IRAQ TEXTBOOK VIA THE LENS OF BLOOM'S TAXONOMY
Authors: DEHHAM SABEEHA HAMZA
Published: February 2023

Examining a textbook critically allows one to evaluate it in light of its function as a teaching resource. The study's overarching objective was to apply Bloom's taxonomy to the reading comprehension issues presented in "English for Iraq," a textbook used in Iraq's second intermediate grade.

The research sample consisted of 282 reading comprehension questions taken at random from the textbook. The different levels of complexity of these enquiries were recorded and categorized using a checklist derived from Bloom's taxonomy. Each cognitive level's appearance in the textbook was then evaluated to determine its relative prevalence. The remaining questions were divided into the categories of application (2.48%), analysis (4.26%), evaluation (6.38%), and creation (0.71%), with remembering and understanding making up the vast majority (49.65%). These results suggest that the reading comprehension questions covered the full range of skills and knowledge covered by Bloom's taxonomy. It was very evident that several of the questions relied on lower-order thinking skills.
Why healthcare management should be special
Authors: Lordkipanidze Revaz
Published: February 2023

For serious thinking of international political and scientific circles, we consider, that any helpless ill person is the most wanting and inadequate from people, therefore such needy human is not able to pay the necessary money for treatment from own pocket or to obtain a basic donation if He does not have the necessary money. Naturally, everyone will agree with me that the entire progressive society of humanity is developing in the direction of humanism and with the corresponding ideology, and let's think very seriously about how humane this is when a seriously sick person is asked to pay money. Therefore, we call on progressive international political and scientific circles to try to improve health management as much as possible. By observing the mean-square deviation and variation of the expected random economic parameters, using the “fish-bone” multi-factor analysis, perspective prognostic extrapolation and Delphi methods, we came to the conclusion that in the near future of georgian healthcare, 2% of the population's taxable income will be completely sufficient to provide the population with free qualitative primary emergency care.
Hemşirelerin Kanıta Dayalı Uygulama Ölçeği’nin Türkçe Geçerlik ve Güvenirliği: Metodolojik Çalışma
Authors: ÇAKI Burcu , ÇELİKKANAT Şirin , GÜNGÖRMÜŞ Zeynep
Published: February 2023

online ortamda (whatsapp ve e-mail) toplanmıştır. Veriler SPSS 26 ve AMOS 24 paket programlarında değerlendirilmiştir.

Bulgular: Ölçeğin geçerliği; kapsam geçerliliği, ölçüt geçerliği ve yapı geçerliği (açımlayıcı ve doğrulayıcı) ile değerlendirilmiştir. Ölçeğin kapsam geçerlik indeksi 0,972 bulunmuştur. Ölçüt geçerliğinde; iç ölçüt geçerliği (alt-üst grup karşılaştırması tüm ölçeklerde t= 28,924, p=0,000) ve madde-toplam korelasyonları (0,562 – 0,827) kabul edilebilir değerlere sahiptir. Yapı geçerliğinde yapılan açımlayıcı faktör analizinde; “Kaiser Meyer Olkin” ve “Barlett Testi” (KMO: 0,955, Barlett’s test x²: 4504,032 p
Predicting the Supply chain impacts on investment behaviour due to the COVID-19 outbreak - Evidence from Indian Stock Market
Authors: Seal Jayanta Kumar , Paul Arunima
Published: February 2023

Purpose: As the Covid-19 virus originated from China, there was an anti-China sentiment all over the world. The purpose of our study is to find out whether this anti-China sentiment affected the stock return of the companies dependent on Chinese supply chain vis-à-vis the companies those do not have a Chinese supply chain link.

Methodology: To analyze the impact of announcements on lockdown and relief measures by the government on stock market data, we use the dummy variable approach in the event methodology suggested by Karafiath (1988). We observe the stock market reaction to lockdown and relief measure announcements on consecutive seven days after the announcement.

Findings: Overall findings show us that investors did not have a negative outlook on firms with Chinese suppliers. The investors are either not aware of the companies' Chinese supply link or do not consider these at the time of investing. The potential problems associated with supply chain disruptions are overlooked if we do not consider the supply chain information when investing.

Originality: Our paper is unique because there is no study on the supply chain glitches of Indian companies’ dependent on the Chinese supply chain due to the Covid-19 breakout.
Explaining the Gamestop Short Squeeze using Ιntraday Data and Google Searches.
Authors: Vasileiou Evangelos
Published: February 2023

This article examines the recent short squeeze of the GameStop (GME) stock in early 2021. This event, although not the only case of short squeeze, has some idiosyncratic features that makes it extremely interesting, mainly because it was organized by non-institutional investors through social media like Reddit. Using intraday data during the period 4/1/2021-26/3/2021, we conclude that volume and Google searches provide useful information which enable us to explain the GME performance. Moreover, we show that information on volume and Google searches can provide investors with valuable data, but the faster investors have access to this information, the greater the advantages. This analysis could be very useful for scholars and practitioners who examine profitable investment strategies when such conditions emerge in the markets, and it also provides some thoughts for regulators regarding the impact of networks, social or not, on the stability of the financial markets.
Dietary polyphenols and osteoporosis: molecular mechanisms involved
Authors: Iantomasi Teresa , Palmini Gaia , Romagnoli Cecilia , Donati Simone , Miglietta Francesca , Aurilia Cinzia , Falsetti Irene , Marini Francesca , Giusti Francesca , Brandi Maria Luisa
Published: February 2023

Osteoporosis is related to dysfunction of the crosstalk between osteoblasts and osteoclasts, the cells involved in the formation and resorption of bone, respectively. Oxidative stress and inflammation are involved in the pathogenesis of osteoporosis. Because of their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, natural compounds such as polyphenols extensively present in fruit, vegetables, wine, tea, extra virgin olive oil, and berries, play an important protective role in disorders of bone metabolism, including osteoporosis. A diet rich in polyphenol-rich fruit and vegetables can reduce bone mineral density loss, decreasing the risk of fracture and preserving lifestyle quality. The aim of the present review is to highlight the principal mechanisms involved in the role played by the main dietary polyphenols in the prevention and/or treatment of osteoporosis.
Design and development of a European registry for parathyroid carcinoma cases within the scope of the European Registries for Rare Endocrine Conditions (EuRRECa)
Authors: Marini Francesca , Giusti Francesca , Appelman-Dijkstra Natasha , Cherenko Mariya , Iacobone Maurizio , Rejnmark Lars , Bruegmann Petra , Vitella Meschi Elisa , Lucibello Paolo , Biagini Carlo , Brandi Maria Luisa
Published: February 2023

Parathyroid carcinoma (PC) is an extremely rare malignant endocrine tumor of the parathyroid glands. Given the extreme rarity of this cancer, many issues regarding its diagnosis, prognosis, clinical management, and tumor-derived complications remain unresolved, and no standardized protocol has yet been defined for its diagnosis. As with all rare clinical conditions, the creation of multicenter national databases and international registries is fundamental in order to collect data on a relatively high number of PC cases and increase knowledge of this rare parathyroid condition, with the ultimate aim of identifying potential factors that influence its diagnostics, natural course, prognosis, skeletal complications, and treatment. In this light, the “parathyroid carcinoma working group” (https://eurreca.net/parathyroid-carcinoma/) designed and developed a specific PC module within the scope of the European Registries for Rare Endocrine Conditions (EuRRECa). The module, finalized and launched at the end of 2022, is now available online to collect data on PC cases. Users must first request access to the e-Reporting of Rare Conditions system (e-REC) and obtain their personal login credentials.
Modeling the Use of LiDAR through Adverse Weather
Authors: Ballesta-Garcia Maria , DeMas-Giménez Gerard , Royo Santiago
Published: February 2023

Due to the outstanding characteristics of LiDAR imaging systems, they seem essential for the consolidation of novel applications related to computer vision, in fields such as autonomous vehicles, outdoor recognition, and surveillance. However, the final technology implementation still has some uncertainties and needs in-depth work for its use in these real-world applications. Under the presence of adverse weather conditions, for example in fog, LiDAR performance is heavily influenced and the quality of the detection becomes severely degraded. The range is reduced due to the dispersion of the media and the sensor could be saturated due to backscattering or deliver a very limited range. Light propagation modeling through turbid media is used as a tool to understand and study these phenomena. Mie Theory allows the characterization of the optical media and light-particle interactions. Monte-Carlo methods are used to solve the radiative transfer problem related to these situations. When working with those models, the results obtained are in accordance with the ones shown in experimental tests, and it is possible to predict the necessities and problems of the designed systems.
Farnesoid X Receptor Activation Decreases Toll-like Receptor 2 Expression by Upregulating HBeAg Production
Authors: Zhou Yun , Li Yanyan , Hu Min , Xu Huimin , Li Weiguo
Published: February 2023

Background: Previous investigations have demonstrated that hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection leads to elevated serum bile acid levels, which is considered to cause liver damage. Thus, we suppose that bile acids may be of considerable significance in inducing immune tolerance. Methods: In this investigation, we explored the functions of the farnesoid X receptor (FXR), a nuclear receptor activated by bile acids, in modulating hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) production and toll-like receptor (TLR) expression in vitro and in vivo. Results: The results showed that FXR activation promoted secreted and intracellular HBeAg expression in HepG2 and HEK293T cells. However, FXR antagonist Z-guggulsterone (Z-g) decreased the bile acid-mediated HBeAg production. Meanwhile, TLR2 expression significantly reduced in HepG2 cells transfected with pAAV/HBV1.2 plasmid comprising whole HBV genome and treated with bile acids, but not with mutant pAAV/HBV1.2 plasmid with defected HBeAg product. In the hydrodynamic injection HBV mouse model, the level of serum HBeAg was decreased, but intrahepatic TLR2 expression was elevated in FXR-/- mice. Conclusions: In conclusion, FXR activation inhibits TLR2-mediated innate immunity by upregulating HBeAg production. Our data indicate that a mild elevation of serum bile acids may cause immune tolerance and lead to virus persistence in HBV-infected patients.
Diaphragmatic hernia involving gravid uterus in a dog
Authors: Ciccarelli Michela , Perez Tania , Dernell William
Published: February 2023

A 4-year German Shorthair Pointer pregnant dog was presented for severe tachypnea and depression. She had 1 natural breeding 52 days ago. Diaphragmatic hernia with intrathoracic displacement of the uterus was diagnosed via radiography and ultrasonography. Emergency herniorrhaphy was elected and the owner requested to save the litter if possible. Right uterine horn tip, spleen, part of liver, pancreas, and part of greater omentum were in the thorax. Intraoperative transuterine ultrasonography confirmed live fetuses and pregnancy was permitted to continue. Patient received supportive medical care for 3 days. Based on ultrasonography findings (eminent danger to litter), decision was made to perform an emergency cesarean surgery (56 days after breeding). Six of 11 pups were alive and 1 mummified fetus had an elongated neck (perhaps due to entrapment in the diaphragmatic hernia).
Making urban places: Principles and guidelines for layout planning
Authors:   University of Cape Town, Behrens Roger , Watson Vanessa ,   University of Cape Town
Published: February 2023

In recent years there has been a growing consensus among town planners, and other involved professionals, that a change of approach is required. This shift has been fuelled by the demise of apartheid-based town planning and an acceptance that urban reconstruction and development is a priority. An important gap, however, has been the absence of an alternative concept of urban spatial organisation. The intention of this book is to provide guidance to professionals involved in layout planning, by putting forward an approach which is significantly different from that which has prevailed in South Africa in recent decades. The authors stress the need for uniqueness in settlement formation and argue amongst other things, for pedestrian-oriented road geometries, integrated neighbourhoods, extroverted public facilities and an emphasis on the collective functions of services, instead of more conventional car-oriented road geometries, neighbourhood cells, introverted public facilities and an emphasis on residential service functions.
The Anatomy of a South African Genocide: The extermination of the Cape San peoples
Authors:   University of Cape Town, Adhikari Mohamed
Published: February 2023

During the 18th and 19th centuries, Dutch-speaking pastoralists who infiltrated the Cape interior dispossessed its aboriginal inhabitants and damaged the environment with their destructive farming and hunting practices. In response to indigenous resistance, colonists formed armed, mounted militia units known as commandos with the express purpose of destroying San bands. Pervasive settler violence ensured the virtual extinction of the Cape San peoples. In 1998 David Kruiper, the leader of the ≠Khomani San who today live in the Kalahari Desert, lamented ‘… we have been made into nothing’. His comment applies to the fate of all the hunter-gatherer societies of the Cape Colony who were destroyed by the impact of European colonialism.
Domains of freedom: Justice, citizenship and social change in South Africa
Authors:   University of Toronto, Kepe Thembela , Levin Melissa ,   University of Toronto, von Lieres Bettina ,   University of the Western Cape
Published: February 2023

Freedom ... Justice ... Citizenship ... What do they mean in South Africa today? In striving for them, have historical inequalities been recognised? Have political changes over the last 20 years translated into economic redistribution? Have the struggles for social change enhanced the project of decolonisation? Examining a wide range of social issues, from economic policy, land reform, gender politics and healthcare access to trade union mobilisation, heritage discourses, rights debates, citizen participation and migration policies, Domains of freedom shows that social change in South Africa should not be understood as either a catastrophic failure or an overwhelming success. This book makes it clear that South Africa’s recent history of freedom reflects the deep complexities and non-linear trajectories of building egalitarian societies more globally. Its authors are researchers who have all contributed significantly to understanding the meaning of freedom in their own subject areas. The result is a comprehensive overview which is useful for anyone keen to understand the complexities of freedom in South Africa today.
Two new chasmophytic species of Silene (Caryophyllaceae, sect. Siphonomorpha) from Iran
Authors: Jafari Farzaneh , Keshavarzi Maryam , Doostmohammadi Moslem , Mirtadzadini Mansour
Published: February 2023

Based on morphological and molecular evidence, two new species of Silene are recognized and described here, S. penduliflora F.Jafari, Keshavarzi & Doostm. sp. nov. and S. thyrsiantha F.Jafari, Mirtadz. & Keshavarzi sp. nov. The newly discovered species are distributed in the central and southeastern parts of Iran, growing in rocky habitats. Relationships among these species and their close relatives are demonstrated using nrDNA ITS and cpDNA rps16 phylogenies. Silene ghahremaninejadii, S. parrowiana, and S. shahrudensis form a clade with these new species. A key to S. penduliflora and S. thyrsiantha and their close relatives is provided.
Gross Domestic Products (GDP) is not a Proper Indicator of Measurement and Economic Power Comparison for Emerging Economies: A Judgement from International Distributions of Net Factor Income from Abroad
Authors: Qiu Dong , Wang Yafei
Published: February 2023

Global distributions of net factor income from abroad (NFI) during 1990-2019 have witnessed that (1) the United States is the top one country accounting for 40% of surpluses of the global total, while a surge in China’s deficit with its GDP increase; (2) GDP growth in emerging economies has a price scissors with NFI deficits; (3) asymmetric NFI has covered up the severity of rich countries’ global arbitrages especially from emerging economies; (4) China’s economic power is exaggerated by the PPP-based GDP implemented by the World Bank. It concludes that (1) developing countries have paid for huge hidden cost for their emergence; (2) the statement of the United States suffering losses absolutely does not hold; (3) GDP is not a universal tool for measuring what matters. It suggests that (1) emerging economies countries should beware of the potential misleading of GDP on economic measurement and economic power comparison ; (2) GDP should be critiqued from the applicability perspective of economies’ types; (3) it is urgent to clarify some misjudgment and misleading concepts in the economic affairs surrounding the global value chain patterns; (4) the construction of national governance capacity in emerging economies should focus on “social infrastructure”, of which one of the important parts is an effective economic statistics system; (5) emerging economies should carry out the strategic layout of international economic statistics talents to enhance their soft powers.
Performance evaluation of user value in digital economy industry: Based on the improvement EVA model
Authors: Zhou Nannan , Shao Changluan , Chen Yongqing , Liu Huaming
Published: February 2023

With the advancement of science and technology and the advent of the digital economy, the digital economy has become a new driving force for economic development, and the digital economy industry at home and abroad is facing new opportunities for survival and development. However, due to the special development model and profit mode of the digital economy industry, the traditional performance evaluation method is no longer applicable, so it is particularly important to improve the previous performance evaluation method. This paper first adjusts the customer value assessment (CLV) model according to the characteristics of the digital economy industry, and then analyzes the traditional EVA based on the adjusted user value assessment (ULV) model of the digital economy industry. The performance evaluation system is improved, and the representative enterprises of Alibaba, JD and Pinduoduo in the digital economy industry are selected for performance evaluation and analysis, and the user value performance evaluation model of the digital economy industry is integrated, innovated and standardized, in order to provide reference and reference for the follow-up research and practice of performance evaluation in the digital economy industry.
Does carbon emissions trading facilitate carbon unlocking? Empirical evidence from China
Authors: Wang Tianqi , Sun Yawen , Wang Yong , Yang Yuhao
Published: February 2023

Carbon emissions trading is essential for reducing carbon emissions, and its role in regional carbon unlocking needs further clarification. This study uses the difference-in-differences (DID) model and synthetic control model (SCM) to evaluate the carbon unlocking effect of China’s six pilot carbon trading provinces. This study found that (1) carbon lock-in effects in China are mainly influenced by technology lock-in and fixed input lock-in; (2) each province’s overall carbon lock-in level presents a decreasing trend yearly, and the regional distribution presents characteristics of “low in the east and high in the west”; (3) carbon emissions trading pilot policies effectively promote the carbon unlocking effect in pilot regions overall, with Guangdong having the most significant unlocking effect. Conversely, Beijing, Hubei, Chongqing, and Shanghai also had different degrees of carbon unlocking. Finally, (4) an assessment of impact mechanisms indicates that technology and institutions have a significant mediating role in effectively promoting carbon unlocking under the carbon trading policy. Conversely, social behavior has an inverse effect, and fixed assets are not affected by the policy. This study demonstrates the carbon unlocking effect of carbon emissions trading and provides a quantitative reference for implementing carbon emissions trading policies and determining carbon unlocking paths.
Fraud Prevention in the Public Accountant Firm
Authors:   Accounting Program, School of Accounting, Bina Nusantara University, Jakarta, Indonesia, 11480, Nur Rizky Muhammad , Lindrianasari Lindrianasari ,   School of Accounting,Bina Nusantara University,Jakarta, Indonesia, 11480, Rusgowanto Fransisca Hanita ,   School of Accounting,Bina Nusantara University,Jakarta, Indonesia, 11480
Published: February 2023

This study aimed to determine the effects of internal controls, auditor competence, and auditor independence on fraud prevention in the Public Accounting Firm in the Jabodetabek area. The study employed a quantitative method with a purposive sampling technique. The total sample was 200 respondents, and the data was processed using the SmartPLS application. The test methods applied the validity, reliability, and hypothesis tests. The results revealed that internal controls and auditor competence positively affected the fraud prevention. Meanwhile, auditor independence showed a positive relationship, but did not show a significant effect.
A Critical Review And Critique Of “What Parents Of Trans Kids Want To Know.”
Authors:   Columbus, Ohio USA Veterans Health administration Grand Canyon University, Phelan James E.
Published: February 2023

The following is a critical review and critique of the article “What parents of trans kids want to know,” by Frye (2022). This author critiques Frye’s responses to 10 proposed parents’ questions for “when a child first tells [them] that they’re transgender or nonbinary,” noting that Frye takes more of a reporter role than the actual subject matter expert, hand-picking other professionals to chime in on those questions. This author addresses each question with corresponding rebuttals and other questions to foster further critical thinking.
Effect of Cognitive Restructuring Technique on Emotional Adjustment Among Sampled Single Mothers in Abia State, Nigeria
Authors:   Department of Guidance and Counselling, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Francisca (PhD) Chigbu, Eberechukwu , Ekejiuba (PhD) Oguzie, Alphonsus ,   Department of Guidance and Counselling, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Azuka (PhD) Akuezuilo, Juliana ,   Department of Guidance and Counselling, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nkechi (PhD) Ofojebe, Edna ,   Department of Guidance and Counselling, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Obianuju (PhD) Mokwelu, Blessing ,   Department of Guidance and Counselling, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka
Published: February 2023

The study investigated the effect of cognitive restructuring technique on emotional adjustment among sampled single mothers in Abia State, Nigeria. The need for the research came as a result of high increase of single mothers in the area of the study and the quest to ameliorate the continuous increase in the subject area. The study was guided by two research questions and two hypotheses tested at 0.05 level of significance. The study adopted thenon-randomized pretest-posttest control group quasiexperimental design. The population of the study consisted of 52 sampled single mothers in Umuahia and Isuikwuato Local Government Areas of Abia state. The entire populations of 52 single mothers were used as sample for the study because the number was manageable by the researchers. The instrument for data collection was a questionnaire titled “Emotional Adjustment of Single Mothers Questionnaire (EASMQ)” developed by the researchers and validated by three professionals from the Faculty of Education at Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka. The instrument yielded a Cronbach Alpha coefficient of 0.83, which was dimmed sufficient for the study. Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was used to test the hypotheses at p 0.05 level of significance and answer research questions utilizing the data obtained for the study. The result of the study indicated that cognitive restructuring technique had significant effect on emotional adjustment of sample single mothers. The study also showed thatthere was no significant difference in the effects of cognitive restructuring technique on emotional adjustment among urban and ruralsingle mothers. In the other words, urban and rural single mothers benefitted almost equally from the CRT treatment. Based on the findings, it was recommended among others that professional counsellors should employ all necessary avenues such as workshops, seminar and jingle to help the single mothers adjust emotionally using cognitive restructuring technique.
Evaluasi Terapi Obat pada Pasien Sepsis Neonatal Di Ruang Perinatologi RSUP Fatmawati Januari– Februari Tahun 2016
Authors: Haryani Setianti , Fadlyyah Apriyanti Yusna
Published: February 2023

Sepsis neonatal merupakan sindroma klinis dari penyakit sistemik akibat infeksi selama satu bulan pertama kehidupan. Bakteri, virus, jamur dan protozoa dapat menyebabkan sepsis bayi baru lahir. Pemberian antibiotika yang sesuai merupakan salah satu kriteria dalam tata laksana sepsis. Kesulitan mendapatkan hasil kultur berupa jenis bakteri dan uji kepekaan antibiotika dengan segera menyebabkan masalah pada pemilihan jenis, waktu dan lama pemberian antibiotika, sehingga pemberian antibiotika hanya berdasarkan empiris yang berpotensi menimbulkan resistensi dikemudian hari. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi terapi obat pada pasien sepsis neonatal di ruang perina. Kajian dilakukan dengan cara observasi dan pencatatan langsung dari rekam medik pasien serta hasil wawancara. Sebanyak 42 sampel dilakukan pemantauan terapi obat. Karakteristik dominan bayi yang mengalami sepsis di ruang perina adalah 61,9% bayi laki-laki, terdapat 59,5% persalinan non spontan, dengan umur kehamilan 64,3% prematur, BBLR 69,1% dan 81% sepsis awitan dini. Hasil laboratorium sangat signifikan ditunjukkan oleh bayi yang mengalami sepsis neonatal di ruang perina adalah trombositopenia (76,2%), leukositosis (66,7%), peningkatan C-Reactive Protein (CRP) (54,7%), leukositopenia (7,1%), dan immature (IT Ratio) ≥0,2 (4,7%). Kuman/Bakteri yang muncul pada hasil kultur kebanyakan bakteri gram negatif yaitu Enterobacter aerogenes (5), Klebsiella sp (3), Acinotebacter baumanii

(2), Bukholderia cepacia (2), Serratia sp (1) dan bakteri gram positif yaitu Staphylococcus epidermidis (2). Penggunaan antibiotika terbanyak pada pasien sepsis neonatal di ruang Perina adalah antibiotik kombinasi Amoksisillin dan Gentamisin sebagai pengobatan lini pertama yaitu sebanyak 38 pasien, diikuti tahap lini kedua penggunaan kombinasi Cefotaksim dan Mikasin (25 pasien) atau Fosfomycin Na (1 pasien), dan lini ketiga penggunaan Ceftazidim (14 pasien) atau Meropenem (12 pasien).

Kata kunci : sepsis neonatal, antibiotika, BBLR, CRP