bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Od kolekcji judaików do wystaw syjonistycznych
Authors: Kamczycki Artur
Published: February 2025

Dla religijnych Żydów w czasach średniowiecznych i nowożytnych sztuka – w rozumieniu zachodnioeuropejskim – stanowiła rzecz nieistotną i zbędną dla życia, gdyż tradycyjny judaizm, przestrzegając drugiego przykazania dekalogu mojżeszowego, odrzucał jej istnienie jako przedmiotu adoracji i „zachwytu” (Ks. Wyjścia 20:4). W religijnym kręgu kulturowym, sztukę i twórczość rozumieć można tylko w kontekście rzemiosła artystycznego, a jej charakterystyczną cechą jest aspekt symboliczny i dekoracyjny. Ponadto, brak w kręgach religijnych koncepcji autonomii dzieła i jego kontemplacji oraz definicji kreacji artystycznej. Niemniej jednak, już od średniowiecza (XII wiek) istnieje zwyczaj gromadzenia eksponatów religijnych w synagogach, a od XVII wieku datuje się działalność pojedynczych kolekcjonerów judaików. Na przełom XIX i XX wieku przypada początek działalności ruchu syjonistycznego, w którego programie – na wzór europejski – sztuka miała już być elementem budowania nowej tożsamości (Żydów), a kolekcje dawnych judaików włączono w ten proces. Odtąd zakładano więc pełne wykorzystanie sztuk wizualnych do celów tzw. promocji syjonizmu i jego postulatów, a także podjęcia debaty o roli, funkcji i możliwościach oddziaływania sztuk wizualnych. W ramach syjonizmu zatem, dokonano nie tylko przewartościowania teorii sztuki (i jej powszechnej adaptacji), ale przede wszystkim zaprzęgnięto ją do określonych celów i projekcji postulatów nawołujących do kształtowania odrębności narodowej, syjonistycznej świadomości. Można więc powtórzyć za Kalmanem Bland’em, iż „To, co komplikuje argumentację żydowskiego aikonizmu, to późno-dziewiętnastowieczny syjonizm”. Należałoby też dodać za Stevenem Fine’m, że: „Izrael rozpoczyna przygodę ze sztuką dopiero w stuleciu syjonizmu”.
Scenografia, czyli sztuka XXI wieku
Authors: Łarionow Dominika
Published: February 2025

W ciągu stu lat dokonała się migracja pojęcia dekoracji z teatru, w którym stanowiła tło przedstawień, do galerii sztuki współczesnej, w których kształtuje kompozycję przestrzeni ekspozycyjnych. Ten proces stał się ważny dla Autorki, która zadaje kilka pytań, m.in. o miejsce dorobku artystów na co dzień uprawiających zawód scenografa teatralnego, w zakresie zainteresowania badawczego takich dziedzin jak chociażby historia sztuki. W artykule znajdziemy też rozważania dotyczące historii scenografii, a także omówienie teorii awangardowych poświęconych tej dziedzinie. Na tym tle ciekawie się przedstawia nauczanie scenografii w obrębie polskich Akademii Sztuk Pięknych, które od końca XX wieku rozwijają coraz bardziej ten przedmiot w ramach zajęć prowadzonych w różnych Katedrach. Obecnie scenografia przestała być dekoracją, a stała się w XXI wieku sztuką autonomiczną, która jest agresywnie obecna w coraz szerszych kontekstach.
Żywioł sztuki
Authors: Cichoń Krzysztof , Kuczyńska Agnieszka
Published: February 2025

Artykuł zestawia odczucie niekontrolowanej racjonalnie żywiołowości sztuki z pojęciem: szkicu, jako metody reakcji. Metody spontanicznego (odruchowego, nie- świadomego, instynktownego?) działania wobec tego co niezrozumiałe, nieczytelne, a równocześnie traktowane jako potencjalnie istotne egzystencjalnie. To bardzo często obszar błyskawicznych skojarzeń. Skojarzeń skupionych na szybkiej reakcji, a nie na długiej, racjonalnej analizie. W tym kontekście jednym z zasadniczych problemów dzisiejszych „nauk o sztuce” jest administracyjny zakaz szkicowego traktowania rzeczy tak (egzystencjalnie) dla nauki istotnych jak punkty za publikacje.
The successful treatment of refractory Crohn's disease by high-dose immunosuppressive therapy with autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: a clinical case
Authors: Ganich Ekaterina G. , Shchukina Oksana B. , Polushin Alexey Y. , Zalyalov Yuri R. , Tsynchenko Alexander A. , Kamanin Alexey A. , Kulikov Alexander N. , Kulagin Alexander D. , Bagnenko Sergey F.
Published: February 2025

Despite the available novel drug treatments for inflammatory bowel diseases, the number of patients with treatment resistance has been growing. These patients might need more aggressive treatment strategies, as the lack of control over the persistent active inflammation results in the progression of Crohn's disease and development of complications. By now, two randomized controlled studies of high-dose immunosuppressive therapy with autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HDIT-AHSCT) for the treatment of refractory Crohn's disease (ASTIC and ASTIC-lite) have been completed: their results are quite equivocal. The paper presents the description of a clinical case illustrating the possibility of HDIT-AHSCT as an alternative strategy to achieve remission in a patient with refractory Crohn's disease. This was a young patient with a difficult-to-treat inflammatory Crohn's disease (terminal ileitis and colitis with perianal lesion – A2L3B1p) with high disease activity (frequent loose stools, severe fatigue, abdominal pain, weight loss; C-reactive protein 13 mg/l, erythrocyte sedimentation rate 40 mm/h, fecal calprotectin 1500 mcg/g, SES-CD 8 points). He underwent an HDIT-AHSCT procedure resulting in clinical, laboratory and endoscopic remission at 24 weeks. Up to 24 months, he did not require any resumption of the immunosuppressive and biological therapy. At present, the patient's follow up and monitoring is ongoing. Further accumulation of clinical data is needed for the evaluation of the efficacy and safety of HDIT-AHSCT, profiling of the patient candidates for the use of the procedure, choice of optimal conditioning regimens, time and algorithms of anti-relapse therapy.
Assessing milk quality from organic production
Authors:   Newcastle University, UK, Butler Gillian , Davis Hannah ,   Newcastle University, UK
Published: February 2025

This chapter explores the concept of quality in organic milk. Quality encompasses many extrinsic properties of dairy production like animal welfare, the impact on biodiversity, climate change, and fair treatment of everybody along the supply chain. This chapter focuses on composition of the milk and asks how far organic milk varies from non-organic products and what potential there is to improve quality further. This chapter reviews key research relating to differences in protein, fatty acid and mineral composition between milk from organic and conventional production, as well risks from drug and pesticide residues. It also explores how implementation of calf-cow-contact (CCC) systems on welfare grounds affects milk quality.
Integration of organic dairy cattle into a whole farm context
Authors:   Duchy College, UK, Roderick Stephen , Whistance Lindsay K. ,   The Organic Research Centre, UK
Published: February 2025

Integration within natural cycles and between farmed enterprises are routes through which we can develop organic dairy farming into an ecologically principled form of food production with animal and human welfare benefits. Integration requires relationships of varying degrees of synergy and complementarity between two or more farm elements, from simple two enterprise systems to dynamic and diverse systems with enterprises integrated in time and space and synergistic sharing of resources. The attributes of partially separated, rotationally integrated and fully combined enterprises within a single farm boundary are described and discussed. Opportunities beyond the farm boundary include between farm beneficial cooperation to share resources, integration at the landscape level and across the food chain utilising low-cost feed options within a circular economy. A case-study illustrates innovation, including mobile milking and cooperation to overcome infrastructural constraints enhancing
animal welfare and nutrient recycling within a crop-dairy farm.
The specifics of mine and explosive damage, the provision of specialized assistance and rehabilitation of victims who were in the zone of terrorist operations
Authors: Vladimirova E. S. , Chernousov F. A. , Ivanov P. A. , Badygov S. A. , Popova I. E.
Published: February 2025

Relevance. Terrorist acts of modern times lead to multiple wounds, destruction of soft tissues, organs, bones and joints, causing combined and combined mine-explosive wounds and explosive injuries. The purpose of the study. Analysis and synthesis of data on the provision of specialized care and the use of medical rehabilitation for victims who were in the zone of terrorist operations. Materials and methods. The results of diagnosis and treatment of 46 injured people who entered the institute in 2023-2024 from different regions of the Russian Federation were analyzed: Sevastopol (3), Moscow Crocus City (12), Belgorod (11), Kursk (20). All the victims were civilians. Results. The use of a differentiated approach in the provision of specialized care, including a one-time assessment of the condition upon admission based on instrumental data, stabilization of the condition, revision and additional removal of all injuries, taking into account the severity of the victim by different teams, early prevention of complications and early rehabilitation, contributes to the recovery of victims. In these conditions, it is necessary to form a comprehensive program that includes aspects of medical, professional, and socio-psychological assistance that promotes early recovery. Conclusions. Mine-explosion injuries to injured civilians who were in the combat zone are combined and multiple in nature. When providing specialized assistance to such victims, comprehensive instrumental diagnostics and a differentiated approach are necessary, which contributes to the early prevention of complications and early rehabilitation. The formation of a comprehensive program includes medical, professional and sociopsychological aspects and contributes to early recovery.
Factors of unfavorable prognosis in stage I skin melanoma
Authors: Titov K. S. , Sorokina M. V. , Yakusheva T. A. , Neretin E. Yu. , Markin A. A. , Lebedev S. S. , Grekov D. N.
Published: February 2025

Skin melanoma is one of the most malignant tumors and is responsible for 70.3% of deaths in the group of skin cancers in the Russian Federation. Skin melanoma is characterized by a steady increase in the incidence among the working-age population, both in Russia and abroad (annual increase in incidence is about 3–4%). At the moment, for stages I-II of skin melanoma, practitioners have been using only clinical (clinical form of melanoma, localization, gender, age, etc.) and standard pathomorphological prognostic factors for many years. For thin skin melanoma, the presence of ulceration, Breslow thickness, mitotic index, lymphovascular invasion, and presence of regression are the most significant prognostic biomarkers. The most informative predictors are needed to improve the stratification of patient prognosis. For a more accurate and individual prognosis, regular integration of already known clinical and morphological factors of the tumor with other prognostic characteristics, such as, for example, lymphovascular invasion, as well as with molecular genetic parameters, is necessary. A more accurate assessment of the risk of progression of "thin" melanoma of the skin stages IA-IB may in the future help the choice, application of new treatment approaches, as well as the frequency and volume of follow-up examinations by an oncologist.
The results of the adhesion of microorganisms to the surface of the modified prosthetic obturator
Authors: Panahov N. A. , Jafarov R. M.
Published: February 2025

t Obturator prostheses can be populated by microorganisms and function as a reservoir of infection. After resection of the upper jaw, the obturators are also exposed to microorganisms living in the nose and paranasal sinuses. The aim is to evaluate in vitro biofilm formation by various types of oral bacteria on titanium and polyesteresterketone (PEEK) samples from experimental groups. Materials and methods. A total of 115 samples were prepared, which, depending on the treatment, were divided into 6 groups: group 1 (control) included 15 samples of smoothtreated titanium alloy - T-a; group 2 – 20 samples of titanium treated with laser – T-l; group 3 – 20 samples of smooth-processed PEEK; group 4 – 20 samples of PEEK modified with a laser – PEEK-l, group 5 – 20 samples of PEEK treated with PEEK-p; group 6 – 20 samples of PEEK treated with a laser and plasma – PEEK-lp. Titanium discs were milled from titanium alloy, PEEK discs were prepared from PEEK rods and subsequently subjected to laser texturing with micro grooves. Reference strains of Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus oralis, Candida albicans, Staphylococcus aureus, Porphyromonas gingivalis, and Fusobacterium nucleatum were used. Results. The smallest number of all types of microorganisms was observed on the surface of PEEK samples treated with plasma, as well as laser+plasma, i.e. in groups 5 and 6. The highest attached CoES were Fusobacterium nucleatum, Streptococcus mutans, and Streptococcus oralis. Samples from PEEK are comparable to titanium alloy in many aspects and may be the best choice in some specific treatment situations, which confirmed the null hypothesis. Our observations allowed us to obtain valuable information about the influence of various types of surface treatment on its topography, which can serve as a basis for the development of improved surface properties of materials. The use of PEEK as an alternative to metal is excellent. Therefore, permanent upper jaw obturator with PEEK fixation can be considered as a promising method of treating patients with acquired maxillary defects.
Clinical observation of monoclonal fibrillary glomerulonephritis
Authors: Garkusha T. A. , Alyab'ev F. V. , Vdovik T. A.
Published: February 2025

Monoclonal gammopathy of renal significance is a condition caused by the proliferation of a clone of B-lymphocytes or plasma cells that does not reach the criteria required for the initiation of treatment for oncohematological indications, but is characterized by the secretion of nephrotoxic paraprotein. There are many morphological variants of this disease and their diagnosis requires the use of additional research methods. This article presents a clinical observation of a 54-year-old patient admitted to the nephrology department with nephrotic syndrome. According to the results of nephrobiopsy, the patient was diagnosed with monoclonal fibrillary glomerulonephritis. Additional examination of the patient did not reveal signs of lymphoproliferative disease.
Review of modern silicone and epoxy plastination methods for the brain
Authors: Kislov M. A. , Krupin K. N. , Supil'nikov A. A. , Mishurinskaya E. A. , Lysova A. N.
Published: February 2025

In the educational process of medical and veterinary higher educational institutions, cadaveric material is actively used, which is difficult to obtain and preserve for a long time. One of the solutions for long-term preservation of educational material is the production of preparations from them using silicone and epoxy plastination methods. In this case, methods for preserving brain preparations are of value, which initially, due to its soft structure, is easily destroyed during the educational process. The article discusses new methods of brain plastination based on a sample of scientific data from PUBMED, Elibrary, Google Scholar for the period from 2017 to 2024. 14 articles from a sample of 1095 articles were analyzed. Currently, several authors propose new methods using polyester resins, additional staining for contrasting the gray and white matter of the brain, new methods of placing in acrylic boxes and creating 3D-models, processing with corn starch and enclosing in transparent thermal film, impregnation with gum arabic or paraffin, combining various plastics during plastination to improve the performance properties of the preparations.
Physiological and biochemical aspects of using black lion fly larvae as a source of biologically active and nutrient substances
Authors: Talan M. S. , Dokuchaeva I. S. , Mukhamed'yarov M. A.
Published: February 2025

Introduction. Functional foods are products that, in addition to taste and nutritional value, have a physiological effect on the human body. ω-6 and ω-3 fatty acids, when consumed in the form of triglycerides from various food sources, undergo digestion in the small intestine, allowing absorption and transport into the blood and subsequent assimilation into the body, including the brain, retina, heart and other tissues. Amino acids must be obtained from food because the human body lacks the metabolic pathways necessary to synthesize some amino acids. In nutrition, amino acids are classified as essential and non-essential. Aim. To determine the fatty acid and amino acid composition of black soldier fly larvae for use as a dietary supplement. Materials and methods. In the experiment, the fatty acid and amino acid composition of the larvae of the black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) was studied with the subsequent goal of using the insect as a component in dietary supplements. We assessed the amino acid and fatty acid composition of the larvae. Hermetia illucens were grown on four different diets; the group with the highest weight obtained was taken to determine the amino acid and fatty acid composition. To determine amino acids, Hermetia illucens were selected at the pre-pupa stage, dried in a SNOL 58/350 cabinet at 105 oC, and analyzed on an lc-20ad prominence liquid chromatograph. Amino acid analysis was carried out on an lc-20ad prominence liquid chromatograph, lysine 4.3%, valine 1.4%, leucine 4.6%, arginine 6.7%, isoleucine 2.8%, histidine 2.0%, methionine 2 were obtained %, phenylalanine 3.4%, tryptophan 1.7%, threonine 2.9%. Results. Dried samples in a SNOL 58/350 cabinet at 105 °C were obtained by extracting the crushed mass of larvae with petroleum ether. The sample was examined on a Chromatek-Crystal 9000 chromatograph No.: 2191672 and contains lauric acid up to 53%, myristic acid 5%, palmitic acid 5%, oleic acid up to 5%, omega-3 and omega-6.
Propósito e Satisfação com a Vida de Pessoas Idosas Praticantes e Não Praticantes de Exercício Físico
Authors: Silva Bruno Francisco Machado da , Silva Clayton Ribeiro da , Vicentini de Oliveira Daniel , Andrade do Nascimento Júnior José Roberto , Salem Ana Carolina Azevedo , Corrêa Talyene Gleice Costa , Mariotto Renato Augusto , Dantas Aélem Cristina Apolicena , Felipe Daniele Fernanda , Anversa Ana Luiza Barbosa
Published: February 2025

Introdução: Boas condições físicas e psicossociais são determinantes para a saúde da pessoa idosa, as quais, quando prejudicadas, podem reduzir o propósito e a satisfação com a vida. Objetivo: Comparar o propósito e a satisfação com a vida em pessoas idosas praticantes e não praticantes de exercício físico, em função da faixa etária e do sexo. Métodos: Participaram 60 pessoas idosas praticantes e não praticantes de exercício físico, da cidade de Maringá, Paraná, Brasil, que responderam à Escala de Propósito de vida e à Escala de Satisfação com a Vida. A análise dos dados foi conduzida por meio dos testes de Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Kruskal-Wallis, Mann-Whitney e a correlação de Spearman (p<0,05). Resultados: Os praticantes de exercício físico apresentaram escores superiores de propósito e satisfação com a vida em comparação àqueles que não praticavam exercício físico. Pessoas idosas entre 60 e 69 anos (Md=41,0) apresentaram maior propósito de vida quando comparadas àquelas entre 70 e 79 anos (Md=29,0) e 80 anos ou mais (Md=30,0). Verificaram-se correlações significativas (p<0,05) e moderadas para os idosos praticantes de exercício físico da satisfação com a vida com idade (r=-0,54) e propósito de vida (r=0,68). Conclusão: A idade e a prática de exercício podem ser consideradas fatores intervenientes no propósito e na satisfação com a vida em pessoas idosas.
Analisis Hukum Humaniter Internasional Terhadap Penyerangan Dual Use Object Dalam Konflik Bersenjata Rusia Dan Ukraina
Authors: Azzahra Nadia , Hastuti Lina
Published: February 2025

International Humanitarian Law distinguishes between civilian and military objects in armed conflicts. However, complexity arises with dual-use objects. In the Russia-Ukraine conflict, attacks on Ukraine's energy infrastructure by Russia and the Kerch Strait Bridge by Ukraine raise legal questions. This research explores the status of dual-use objects and the legality of such attacks. Despite the absence of definite rules, some experts view them as potential military targets. Analysis indicates that Ukraine's energy infrastructure could be considered military, but Russia's attacks are deemed in violation of International Humanitarian Law. Conversely, the Kerch Strait Bridge cannot be categorized as a military object, making attacks against it a breach of international law. The importance of considering indirect impacts of attacks is also emphasized.
Determining Chronic Cough Using the Methacholine Bronchial Provocation Test
Authors: Aksu Esra Arslan , Uzun Oğuz
Published: February 2025

Introduction: Chronic cough is a common symptom in pulmonology outpatient clinics, often associated with lung conditions, though extrapulmonary causes can also be responsible. This study aimed to detect bronchial hyperreactivity (BHR) and cough-variant asthma using a methacholine bronchial provocation test (BPT) in patients with chronic cough for whom standard diagnostic procedures could not identify a cause.
Methods: This prospective study evaluated patients admitted to the clinic who presented with chronic coughs over one year. A BPT was performed on patients for whom standard diagnostic procedures failed to identify a cause, and this selected group was included in this study.
Results: This study included a total of 40 patients who were examined for chronic cough symptoms without an identifiable etiology. The BPT was negative (PD20 >16 mg/mL) in 30 patients (75%) and positive in 10 patients (25%). Among the patients with negative BPT results, 13 (43.3%) had no identifiable cause for their cough.
Conclusion: This study differs from others by focusing on a selected group of patients with chronic coughs for whom the etiology could not be determined through standard diagnostic procedures. The BPT was performed alongside typical diagnostic tests, and no diagnoses were made in the included patients. Tests identified BHR and cough-variant asthma in 25% of these patients, suggesting that BPT is a valuable tool in diagnosing chronic cough when conventional methods fail.
Depression in Patients with Lung Cancer during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Afladhia Hanna Lianti , Andarini Sita
Published: February 2025

Introduction: The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has caused significant disruptions in various aspects of life, leading to psychological distress and an increase in mental health disorders, particularly in vulnerable populations such as lung cancer patients. This study investigated the depression levels among lung cancer patients during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at the Thoracic Oncology Outpatient Clinic of Persahabatan National Respiratory Referral Hospital, Jakarta. Depression levels were evaluated using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) in Indonesian. Sociodemographic and clinical characteristics and COVID-19-related stress factors (such as concerns about treatment delays, access to healthcare, psychological pressure, and interpersonal relationships) were also assessed.
Results: Out of 42 patients, 42.9% were found to have depression during the pandemic. Factors significantly associated with depression included being female, having a lower economic status, poor performance status, undergoing chemotherapy, and experiencing higher levels of psychological pressure related to COVID-19.
Conclusion: This study highlighted a high prevalence of depression among lung cancer patients during the COVID-19 pandemic. Psychological assessment and interventions are crucial to prevent further deterioration in mental health and quality of life, which could negatively affect patients' prognoses.
The Influence of Nigella sativa on the Increase of IFN-γ and Quality of Life in Lung Cancer Patients Undergoing Chemotherapy
Authors: Mahendra Reza Aditya , Pratiwi Suryanti Dwi , Sartono Teguh Rahayu , Rakhma Sastia , Setijowati Nanik
Published: February 2025

Introduction: In vitro and animal model studies have shown that Nigella sativa reduces cancer cell proliferation and improves chemotherapy effectiveness. Cellular activation triggers the production of IFN-γ by natural killer (NK) cells. This study examined the effect of Nigella sativa supplementation on IFN-γ levels and quality of life in lung cancer patients before and after interferon therapy.
Methods: This study used a non-equivalent control experimental design involving 21 lung cancer patients undergoing initial chemotherapy at Dr. Saiful Anwar General Hospital, Malang, in 2023. The patients were divided into two groups: one group received standard chemotherapy, and another group received a combination of chemotherapy and Nigella sativa supplementation at a dose of 2x500 mg for nine weeks. The effects of this intervention were assessed by measuring IFN-γ levels using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit and evaluating quality of life using the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) Core Quality of Life (QLQ-C30) questionnaire before and after the fourth cycle of chemotherapy.
Results: The results showed a significant increase in IFN-γ levels in the combination group undergoing chemotherapy and receiving Nigella sativa supplementation (6140.44±2233.89) compared to the standard chemotherapy group (3827.08±1722.79), with a p-value of 0.015. Quality of life improved in both groups, with scores of 53.70±6.05 before and 65.74±14.70 after chemotherapy (p=0.000).
Conclusion: This study found that Nigella sativa supplementation can enhance IFN-γ levels and quality of life in lung cancer patients after four chemotherapy treatment cycles. These findings indicated that Nigella sativa could be a beneficial supplement for lung cancer patients.
Deterioration of Respiratory Symptoms in Uncontrolled CPFE: A Case Report
Authors: Raffael Frans , Tarigan Amira Permatasari
Published: February 2025

Introduction: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has a global impact on health and increases healthcare costs. Combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema (CPFE) combines interstitial lung disease (ILD) and emphysema. Excessive short-acting β2-agonist (SABA) usage escalates exacerbation risk, affecting prognosis.
Case: A 44-year-old former smoker presented with worsening shortness of breath, cough, and weight loss. Examination showed respiratory distress, including wheezing. Initially, he was diagnosed with tuberculosis (TB) and COPD exacerbation. He regularly used jet nebulizers without medical supervision, and during the initial treatment, he developed acute respiratory failure, leading to acidosis. Treatment involved SABA and short-acting muscarinic-antagonist (SAMA), steroids, and oxygen therapy. In November 2023, his condition worsened, requiring emergency treatment. Radiological findings indicated CPFE. Management included nebulized medications, intravenous steroids, and antibiotics. Despite challenges, he rarely attended follow-up appointments after showing improvement, missing scheduled rehabilitation therapy, inhaler monitoring, comorbid therapy, and home oxygen monitoring.
Conclusion: Combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema combines ILD and emphysema, causing severe respiratory impairment. Management mirrors that of COPD, involving inhalers, corticosteroids, and oxygen therapy.
Unveiling Risk Factors in a Patient with Silicotuberculosis: A Case Report
Authors: Sadikim Rahel Yuana , Hasan Helmia , Hidayat Agus , Duta Garinda Alma , Wati Farah Fatma
Published: February 2025

Introduction: Silicosis, an occupational lung disease caused by crystalline silica dust, is often complicated by tuberculosis (TB). The epidemiological triad suggests disease results from imbalanced interactions between the host, agent, and environment.
Case: A 63-year-old underweight man presented with decreased consciousness after consuming drugs, chronic cough, low-grade fever, weight loss, and lower urinary tract symptoms. He was a smoker, drug abuser, and alcoholic. He had worked as a construction worker for 33 years without personal protective equipment (PPE). The patient lived in substandard housing, and three neighbors had a history of TB. Urine toxicology was positive for amphetamine. Abdominal ultrasound showed prostate enlargement. A chest X-ray showed fibroinfiltrates, cavities, and reticulogranular patterns. A high-kV chest X-ray revealed profusion levels of 1/2 S/S and 1/1 P/P. Contrast chest computed tomography (CT) showed tree-in-bud patterns, reticulogranular patterns, small nodules, and fibrosis. Brain CT was normal. GeneXpert sputum confirmed Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB), and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) spectrophotometric detected 38.90 ppm silica. He was diagnosed with amphetamine intoxication, benign prostatic hyperplasia, and silicotuberculosis. Haloperidol, tamsulosin, and anti-TB therapy were administered, while silicosis had no specific treatment. He was advised to change job to reduce silica exposure and planned to receive housing renovation assistance from the Health Office of Surabaya. The patient was declared cured after completing six months of TB treatment.
Conclusion: The host factors included nutritional status, comorbidity, and personal habits; the agent factor was MTB; and the environmental factors included inadequate ventilation, high housing density, close contact with TB patients, and occupational conditions. A holistic identification of host, agent, and environmental risk factors is essential for understanding the development, prevention, and diagnosis of silicotuberculosis.
Primary Pulmonary Myxoid Sarcoma: A Rare and Challenging Diagnosis in Thoracic Oncology
Authors: Apriyanto Yudi , Febriani Anna , Wulandari Laksmi , Wati Farah Fatma
Published: February 2025

Introduction: Primary pulmonary myxoid sarcoma (PPMS) is a rare malignant mesenchymal lung tumor, with fewer than 40 cases reported worldwide. This care report presented a case of PPMS with surgical difficulties.
Case: A 53-year-old man presented with a six-month history of exertional dyspnea, coughing up blood, right chest pain, anorexia, and weight loss. Thoracic computed tomography (CT) imaging revealed an enhancing solid mass in the middle-posterior mediastinum. Histopathological examination of a core biopsy identified anaplastic lipoblast cells indicative of liposarcoma. Based on the multidisciplinary team (MDT) discussion, the patient was diagnosed with mediastinal liposarcoma, and tumor excision was planned. However, during the surgery, a lung tumor with adhesions to the middle and lower lobes of the right lung was discovered, precluding the complete tumor. An open biopsy was performed instead, revealing a proliferation of anaplastic cells with round to oval spindle nuclei arranged reticularly within a myxoid stroma, along with positive Alcian blue staining. Immunohistochemical analysis demonstrated focal desmin positivity in the cytoplasm of the tumor cells. The diagnosis of PPMS was confirmed based on the criteria by the World Health Organization (WHO) in 2021, including primary lung tumor, spindle-shaped and round tumor cells in a reticular pattern within a myxoid stroma, and immunohistochemical findings that exclude other histologically similar tumors.
Conclusion: Although rare, PPMS should be considered in the differential diagnosis of thoracic tumors. Most PPMS patients were treated surgically and had a good prognosis. However, tumor excision could not be performed in this patient due to the adhesion of the tumor mass to the middle and lower lobes of the right lung.
The Effects of Inspiratory Muscle Training in Lung Cancer Patients: A Scoping Review
Authors: Kadir Yolanda , Sabirin Rahmaningsih Mara , Hasyim Ammar Abdurrahman , Iqbal Roihan Mohamad , Siswanto Siswanto
Published: February 2025

Introduction: Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer worldwide, with a high mortality rate. Chronic dyspnea promotes a pathologic cycle of decreased activity, which has been shown to limit exercise tolerance and deteriorate quality of life (QoL). Inspiratory muscle training (IMT) is a resistance-based exercise regimen that aims to improve the strength and endurance of the inspiratory muscles, thereby reducing respiratory symptoms. This study aimed to comprehensively review the possible beneficial effects of IMT on various aspects of lung cancer patients.
Methods:  The PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane databases were searched from inception to 20 May 2024. All clinical trials examining the impact of IMT on lung cancer patients, utilizing either quantitative or qualitative approaches, were included. The extracted data were then descriptively presented, focusing on the main themes to provide a comprehensive literature review.
Results: This scoping review identified 9 unique studies comprising eight randomized-controlled trials and one retrospective cohort study with 460 lung cancer patients. An IMT regimen was proven to reduce sedentary behavior and significantly improve physical activity and health-related quality of life (HRQL). Furthermore, the IMT program reduced dyspnea, improving maximum inspiratory pressure (PImax) and 6-minute walking test (6MWT). It also provided the benefits of shorter postoperative stay and reduced patient distress concerning dyspnea.
Conclusion: Inspiratory muscle training provides several benefits, including improvements in dyspnea indexes, exercise tolerance, and overall HRQL. Further studies are required to determine the optimal IMT regimen for this special population.
How to Manage Lung Injury Related to Cancer Therapy?
Authors: Haryati Haryati , Saputra Muhammad Hendi , Wati Farah Fatma
Published: February 2025

Modern technology has improved our understanding of cancer biology, especially anti-cancer medicines from cytotoxic chemotherapy, radiotherapy, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy. Nevertheless, these treatments can result in significant pulmonary toxicities, including interstitial lung disease (ILD) and radiation-induced lung injury (RILI), which can result in a high rate of morbidity and mortality despite being less severe than injuries to other organ systems. Lung injury mechanisms occur through various pathways, such as immune-mediated damage and oxidative stress. Through clinical history and examination, imaging techniques such as high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT), and the necessity of eliminating other possibilities of respiratory symptoms, lung injuries due to cancer therapies can be identified. The management strategies are based on the severity of the condition and may include discontinuing the responsible agent, corticosteroid treatment, and supportive care. The challenge is early identification and management of these lung injuries due to the variability in patient responses and the lack of comprehensive guidelines. Therefore, awareness is needed to monitor lung health in cancer patients undergoing therapy.
Tuning the ion-transport nanochannels of sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone) membranes for efficient aqueous organic redox flow battery
Authors: Lejarazu-Larrañaga Amaia , Sánchez-Díez Eduardo , Zhang Yan , Bobrikov Ivan , Ortiz-Vitoriano Nagore , Marquinez Nerea , Jiang Fengjing
Published: February 2025

Sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone) (SPEEK) is a potential low-cost candidate to replace fluorine-based Nafion membranes in some redox flow batteries (RFBs). In this work, the ionic conductivity of SPEEK membranes is increased almost fourfold by conducting a well-controlled irreversible swelling of the membrane. Atomic Force Microscopy images and small-angle X-ray Scattering curves effectively demonstrate that the size of the hydrophilic nanochannels in the swollen membranes can be precisely tuned by simply varying the solvent concentration. The modified SPEEK membrane (SPEEK45) is applied in an aqueous organic/organometallic RFB, using 1,1′-bis(3-sulfonatopropyl)-4,4′-bipyridinium (SPr2V) and ferrocyanide salts as anodic and cathodic materials, respectively. The boosted conductivity of the modified SPEEK membrane enables higher energy efficiencies than in the case of the Nafion membrane (N212) at various current densities. In addition, a 200-cycle charging-discharging test is carried out to evaluate the long-term stability of the modified SPEEK membrane. The results show that SPEEK45 exhibits higher energy efficiency than N212 (70.8% and 65.4% at 60 mA cm-2, respectively), with comparable capacity retention. The well-controlled swelling method proves to be a promising and innovative membrane technology for promoting ion conductivities of membranes used for various RFBs.
IFNγ preconditioning improves neuroprotection of MSC-derived vesicles on injured retinal ganglion cells by suppressing microglia activation via miRNA-dependent ribosome activity
Authors: You Tianjing , Yang Yuanxing , A Luodan , Cheng Xuan , Lin Xi , Liang Qingle , Ge Lingling , Xie Jing , Chen Siyu , Liu Na , He Juncai , Xu Haiwei , Ma Xiang
Published: February 2025

Aim: Microglial activation plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of retinal ganglion cell (RGC) degeneration resulting from optic nerve crush (ONC). Small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) secreted by mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have the potential to prevent retinal degeneration by modulating microglial activation. In this study, we elucidated the specific effects of sEVs derived from IFN-γ-primed MSCs on the phenotypic transition of microglia and the associated pathways in ONC mice.

Methods: The ONC mice model was established and administered intravitreal injection with the sEVs derived from native MSCs (native sEVs) and the sEVs derived from MSCs primed with IFN-γ (IFNγ-sEVs). Their respective effects on the survival of the retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) and the transition of microglia phenotypes were determined through visual function testing and immunohistochemical staining. Combined with mRNA seq and microRNA seq techniques, we elucidated the mechanism of modulation of microglia phenotypic transformation by sEVs derived from MSCs primed by IFNγ.

Results: It demonstrated that IFNγ-sEVs exhibited superior protective effects against RGC loss and reduced inflammatory responses in the ONC retina compared to native sEVs. Both types of sEVs promoted microglia activation to disease-associated microglia (DAM) phenotype, while IFNγ-sEVs especially suppressed interferon-responsive microglia (IRM) activation during RGCs degeneration. Subsequent miRNA sequencing suggested that miR-423-5p , which exhibited the most significant differential expression between the two sEVs types and elevated expression in IFNγ-sEVs, inhibited the expression of IRM and ribosomal genes.

Conclusion: These findings suggest that IFN-γ-preconditioned MSCs may enhance sEVs of neuroprotection on RGCs by suppressing IRM activation through the secretion of sEVs containing specific microRNAs in ONC mice.
Energy Balance for a Nonholonomic System with Nonlinear Constraints
Authors:   University of Florence, Talamucci F.
Published: February 2025

From the mathematical point of view, we prove that the homogeneity of the explicit functions is equivalent to the homogeneity of the given constraints with respect to the full set of velocities. This conclusion is in step with previous results, where the conservation of energy in nonlinear nonholonomic system is strictly connected with the homogeneity of the constraint functions. According to the present work, the known result is put into perspective together with other aspects of nonlinear nonholonomic systems, mainly investigating the unifying role exerted by the homogeneity property of the explicit constraint functions. A selection of cases and examples is discussed.
Integrated vs. parallel treatment in adolescents with substance use and comorbid disorders: A randomized trial
Authors: Díaz Hurtado Rosa , Goti Javier , Magallón-Neri Ernesto , Mateus-Gómez Sandra , Ilzarbe Daniel , Castro-Fornieles Josefina
Published: February 2025

Integrated treatments are often recommended for adolescents with substance use disorders (SUD) and comorbid pathologies. This study aims to compare the effectiveness of two different intervention programs (integrated and parallel) and to investigate treatment outcome predictors. Seventy-five adolescents (13-17 years old) with substance use and comorbid disorders referred to our outpatient program were randomized to integrated (n = 33) or parallel (n = 32) treatment groups. Their sociodemographic variables, psychopathology, substance use problems, and global functioning were assessed at baseline and 12 months after treatment initiation. Both treatments were associated with positive pre-post changes in several outcome variables (severity of school, family, and psychiatric problems; global functioning; and stage of change). Integrated treatment showed better outcome on adherence (χ2 = 14.328; p > .001) and a composite global measure based on the severity of drug-related problems (χ2 = 8.833, p = .003). Following an adaptive treatment strategy, we offered patients who dropped out of parallel treatment (n = 12) the possibility of entering integrated treatment. Eleven of them accepted and constituted a third comparison group (parallel-to-integrated). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the likelihood of a positive global treatment outcome increased with integrated or parallel-to-integrated treatment, internalizing or mixed comorbid disorders, older age, and fewer legal issues. Integrated treatment showed better adherence and global treatment outcomes than parallel treatment in adolescent patients with dual disorders. Older age and fewer legal issues were also related to a positive global treatment outcome.
Desmontando estereotipos: Orientación sexual y riesgo para el consumo de sustancias en la adolescencia
Authors: Pérez de Albéniz Alicia , Lucas Molina Beatriz , Díez-Gómez Adriana , Pérez-Sáenz Julia , Fonseca-Pedrero Eduardo
Published: February 2025

El uso y abuso de sustancias es un importante problema de salud pública. La investigación generalmente ha mostrado que los grupos de personas de minorías sexuales como lesbianas, gais, bisexuales, transexuales y otros (LGBT+) se ubican entre los grupos vulnerables de mayor riesgo de consumo. Sin embargo, la investigación en el contexto español es muy escasa y no ha analizado esta cuestión. Esta investigación, por lo tanto, pretendió analizar el consumo de sustancias en jóvenes según su orientación sexual a través de dos estudios utilizando muestras representativas de adolescentes. Los análisis revelaron únicamente algunas diferencias en el consumo de sustancias por parte de los grupos de minorías sexuales. Los y las adolescentes bisexuales presentaron una frecuencia mayor de consumo en algunos indicadores de tabaco, cannabis y alcohol y las lesbianas mostraron una mayor frecuencia de consumo intensivo de alcohol, pero no otros indicadores de consumo diferencial. Por su parte, los adolescentes questioning presentaron las tasas de consumo más bajas en comparación con los otros grupos en muchos indicadores. Los resultados de ambos estudios podrían indicar, al menos con estas muestras y con estos indicadores, que no existe un uso generalizado y más frecuente de sustancias por parte de personas de minorías sexuales, lo que podría sugerir la existencia de un estereotipo y no tanto responder a un hecho.
Percepción de los profesionales sanitarios sobre la buprenorfina de liberación prolongada en el trastorno por consumo de opioides. Estudio FOLIPRO
Authors: Oraá Gil Rodrigo , Sucunza Guibert Diego , Yébenes Cortés María , Casado Gómez Miguel Ángel , Antón Basanta José Joaquín , Pascual Pastor Francisco , Roncero Carlos
Published: February 2025

El objetivo del estudio FOLIPRO fue determinar la satisfacción y expectativas de profesionales sanitarios expertos en el trastorno por consumo de opioides (TCO) con las formulaciones de buprenorfina de liberación prolongada (BLP). Diseñado como una encuesta transversal y multicéntrica en la que participaron de forma anónima profesionales pertenecientes a centros de adicciones (CA) y centros penitenciarios de España, incluyó preguntas sobre las características de los centros y sobre las características laborales de los profesionales sanitarios. Igualmente se identificaron las posibles barreras asociadas a la prescripción de la BLP en el tratamiento del TCO. Se recibieron 74 cuestionarios de 45 centros diferentes. El 51,1% y 31,1% fueron centros ambulatorios de dispensación de metadona (MTD) y centros penitenciarios, respectivamente. El 68,5% de los profesionales sanitarios tenían experiencia con BLP que superaba los 6 meses en el 58,3%. El 31,5% afirmó no tener experiencia señalando como principal causa (en un 40%) los criterios de financiación de la BLP. En todos los aspectos relacionados con la prescripción/administración, los profesionales transmitieron una mayor satisfacción con BLP en comparación con MTD y buprenorfina/naloxona sublingual (BPN/NX SL). La burocracia, el desconocimiento por parte de los prescriptores y el rechazo del paciente por temor al síndrome de abstinencia a opioides, fueron a juicio de los encuestados las principales barreras descritas a la hora de prescribir la BLP. Los resultados del estudio evidencian una alta satisfacción de los especialistas con BLP que podría posicionarse como una alternativa de tratamiento con respecto a las disponibles en el TCO.
Analysis of futures trading on the Binance platform from the perspective of Fiqh Muamalah
Authors: Zulkarnain Rifki , Syibly M. Roem
Published: February 2025

IntroductionOne of the business transactions that developed in the digital era is futures trading. This type of transaction involves high risk where profit is obtained from the difference between buying and selling, with goods being delivered at a later date. Profits are obtained from price fluctuations on traded commodities. This type of futures trading is also done on the Binance platform. Many traders are interested in this type of trade but do not have sufficient knowledge and understanding, especially regarding Fiqh legality.ObjectivesThe study aims to explain the practice of futures trading on the Binance platform from the perspective of Fiqh Muamalah. MethodThis study is literature research with a juridical-normative approach that relates facts to futures trading cases.ResultsThe results of this study explain that futures trading on the Binance platform includes bay' al-şarf, a type of money trade in which money is obtained and delivered at a later date. ImplicationsFutures trading on the Binance platform in Fiqh Muamalah is prohibited because it involves elements of uncertainty (gharar) and speculation (maysir). The exchange rate is uncertain, which can cause one party to benefit and the other party to be harmed.Originality/NoveltyThis research contributes to the theory of Fiqh legality in future trading practices.