bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Results of the implementation of social assistance policies for ethnic minority migrant families in Lai Chau province
Authors: Phuoc Dao Mai , Hong Dong Thi , Giang Le Huong
Published: March 2024

The Fifth Central Executive Committee Meeting of the Eleventh Tenure on Several Social Policy Issues for the Period 2012 – 2020 claimed that “For many years, our Party and State have always paid attention to constructing and organizing the implementation of social policies, considering them not only objective but also driving forces for sustainable development and stable political and social conditions”. The view point at the conference emphasized that “Ensuring social security is a regular and mandatory task of the Party, the State, the entire political system, and society as a whole.”, especially for the ethnic minorities migrating from poor and disadvantaged areas. The article discusses the results of implementing social assistance policies for ethnic minority migrant families in Lai Chau province. The content of the article reflects that Lai Chau has an undeveloped economy, with outdated customs still prevailing, and many ethnic minority households continue to face difficulties. The reasons for migration among ethnic minority people are primarily due to a lack of farming land and challenging living conditions, leading to migration with family members
Background of compilation of Vietnamese spelling dictionaries in the 20th century
Authors: Nguyen Huyen Thi , Pham Viet Hung
Published: March 2024

Spelling has garnered much attention in Vietnam since as early as the introduction of the Latin-based script (Quốc ngữ). Alongside the study of Vietnamese spelling, efforts have been made to compile Vietnamese spelling dictionaries. The descriptive approach is the main research method used in this article. Specifically, we use this method to describe the macro and micro structures of Vietnamese spelling dictionaries. We go over the kind of entries and how they are arranged in each dictionary in terms of the macro structure. In the micro structure, we highlight the similarities and differences between different Vietnamese spelling dictionaries by describing the information provided for each entry. Additionally, statistical methods are used to collect information on Vietnamese spelling, classify specific spelling problems in Vietnamese, categorize Vietnamese spelling dictionaries, and choose representative dictionaries as the source of the article's material. To compare the macro and micro structures of these dictionaries, comparative analysis is also used. In the 20th century, Vietnam's lexicography developed vigorously and gained significant achievements, as evidenced by the emergence of numerous dictionaries in various genres, including spelling dictionaries. This article delves into the state of spelling dictionary compilation in the 20th century in Vietnam by examining and describing several works to explore the authors’ approaches and how they addressed spelling problems. Thereby, the article highlights the strengths and shortcomings in existing spelling dictionaries and suggests solutions with the goal of contributing to minimizing spelling errors.
Community Service on Maintaining Cleanliness in RW 08 Labuhbaru Timur-Pekanbaru, Indonesia
Authors: Zaini Abdul Kudus , Muttaqin Muhammad Zaenal , Kumalasari Cyintia
Published: March 2024

Labuhbaru Timur district has enormous potential to be developed, especially if the government provides some programs that support together with universities and communities. Labuh Baru Timur village has a demographic and topographic location that really supports daily activities and activities, provision of hospitality facilities, public awareness, especially visitors to Labuh Baru Timur village, regarding the importance of maintaining environmental cleanliness is still very lacking because there still people who throw rubbish carelessly, especially plastic waste. former packaging, drainage is congested, and the surrounding roads are damaged, and have holes, caused by vehicles exceeding the capacity of vehicles passing around Jalan Arjuna. The importance of understanding the Tri Hita Karana concept for the community from an early age so that environmental cleanliness can be enjoyed by all communities and public benefits can be achieved through socialization. and social action for environmental cleanliness. The basic essence of environmental management and preservation is the main capital for developing natural resources and human resources so an active role from the community is needed to maintain environmental sustainability.
Digital versus Traditional Reading Materials in English Language Learning: A Comparative Analysis of Student Perceptions and Outcomes
Authors: Akbarov Jaloliddin , Alimova Feruza
Published: March 2024

The current study will reveal students' attitudes towards and views of the use of digital or traditional reading materials in English language courses. The study, therefore, uses a quantitative survey design in the research, exploring how students use digital materials compared to the conventional type and their perceptions of the amount of influence it has on improving their level of engagement as well as academic performance. The study aims to contribute to the broader discourse on educational digitalization. Limitations of the study included the relatively small sample size and the use of self-reported data, which would require further investigation with a more varied and larger number of cohorts. The implication of such findings is, therefore, very strong on the preference of students for digital reading materials, alluding to the importance associated with digital resources in enhancing educational engagement and the academic outcomes of the current digital learning environment.
Superior electrochemical performance of SnSe-PPy nanocomposites for supercapacitor application
Authors: Anthony Yashna , Veena Ragupathi
Published: March 2024

Recently, Metal chalcogenides have received considerable interest in the field of energy storage devices. In this work, tin selenide-polypyrrole (SnSe-PPy) nanocomposite has been synthesized by hydrothermal method and its supercapacitive behavior is investigated. The synthesized SnSe-PPy nanocomposite is analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and electrochemical characterization. XRD confirms the existence of orthorhombic SnSe, and the FTIR result reveals the presence of polypyrrole. The supercapacitive behavior of SnSe-PPy nanocomposite is studied by cyclic voltammetry and galvanostatic charge-discharge studies. SnSe-PPy nanocomposite delivers the specific capacitance of 223 F g-1 at 10 mV sec -1. The addition of polypyrrole increases the conductivity of the material and improves its supercapacitive behavior.
The Utilization Of Coconut Tree Stumps Into Chairs
Authors: Saputra Devi Satria , Riska Urma , Amri Asbahrul , Ben Hasbaini
Published: March 2024

The coconut trees were one of the commodity crops in South Aceh which were multifunctional trees because almost all parts of the coconut tree can be used. One part of the coconut tree that can be used was the coconut tree stump which can be processed into chairs. The aim of this research was to design chairs from coconut tree stumps, made chairs from coconut tree stumps and determine the ergonomic value of coconut tree stump chairs. The result of this research was the creation of a new innovative chair made from coconut tree stumps which has an overall height of 79 cm, chair back height 32.5 cm, chair back width 64 cm, seat depth 46 cm, armrest height 16 cm, and leg height 34 cm. Coconut tree stump chairs were made through several processes, namely the process of taking raw materials, the process of making chair patterns, the scraping process, the sanding and varnishing process. The coconut tree stump chair was a chair that was not ergonomic, because there were several parts of the coconut tree stump chair that did not comply with the concept of ergonomics.
Istikhdam kitab al-I’rab li al-Habib Hasan bin Ahmad Baharun Litarqiyat maharat al-Qira’ah
Authors: Syaifudin Moh , Abdullah Abdullah
Published: March 2024

This study aims to determine the effect of using the I'rob book by AL-Habib Hasan bin Ahmad Baharun at the AR-Roudloh Islamic boarding school in Surabaya to improve reading skills. This study uses a quantitative approach. The subjects of this study were 15 students from the AR-Roudloh Islamic boarding school in Surabaya. The data analysis technique used is the t-test with the help of SPSS software. The results of this study indicate that there is a significant difference between before and after the application of using the AL I'rob book, this is proven through the t-test by obtaining a statistical price of t = 5,405 with df = 14 and a significant number or p-value = 0.000 < 0.05 or Ho is rejected and Ha is accepted. This shows that the use of the book AL I'rob by AL-Habib Hasan bin Ahmad Baharun at the AR-Roudloh Islamic boarding school in Surabaya is effective in improving students' reading skills
Begrebet det hellige hos Søren Kierkegaard
Authors: Malantschuk G.
Published: March 2024

Begrebet det hellige hos Søren Kierkegaard
Connatural Knowledge in Aquinas and Kierkegaardian Subjectivity
Authors: Stengren G.
Published: March 2024

Connatural Knowledge in Aquinas and Kierkegaardian Subjectivity
Happiness in Kierkegaard's Edifying Discourses
Authors: Kahn Abrahim H.
Published: March 2024

Happiness in Kierkegaard's Edifying Discourses
Kierkegaard som social og politisk tænker
Authors: Müller Paul
Published: March 2024

Kierkegaard som social og politisk tænker
På jagt efter Kierkegaard: Om antologier m.v.
Authors: Scopetea Sophia
Published: March 2024

På jagt efter Kierkegaard: Om antologier m.v.
The Eyes of Argus. The Point of View and Points of View with Respect to Kierkegaard's "Activity as an Author"
Authors: Garff Joakim
Published: March 2024

The Eyes of Argus. The Point of View and Points of View with Respect to Kierkegaard’s"Activity as an Author"
An Analytical Interpretation of Kierkegaard as Moral Philosopher
Authors: Lübcke Poul
Published: March 2024

An Analytical Interpretation of Kierkegaard as Moral Philosopher
Søren Kierkegaard Literature 1981-1991: A Bibliography - Part One
Authors: Jørgensen Aage , Hogue Stéphane
Published: March 2024

Søren Kierkegaard Literature 1981-1991: A Bibliography - Part One
Basic Despair in The Sickness unto Death
Authors: Hannay Alastair
Published: March 2024

Basic Despair in The Sickness unto Death
Editorial
Authors: Garff Joakim , Grøn Arne , Harbsmeier Eberhard , Kirmmse Bruce
Published: March 2024

Editorial
Becoming the Flute: Socrates and the Reversal of Values in Kierkegaard's Later Work
Authors: Scopetea Sophia
Published: March 2024

Becoming the Flute: Socrates and the Reversal of Values in Kierkegaard's Later Work
The Place of Reason in Kierkegaard's Ethics
Authors: Marino Gordon D.
Published: March 2024

The Place of Reason in Kierkegaard's Ethics
"A Sad Demoralization": Aspects of Kierkegaard's Diagnosis of his Time
Authors: Götke Povl
Published: March 2024

"A Sad Demoralization": Aspects of Kierkegaard's Diagnosis of his Time
1994-1997: A Bibliography
Authors: Jørgensen Aage
Published: March 2024

1994-1997: A Bibliography
Tre Kierkegaard-tolkninger
Authors: Sløk Johs.
Published: March 2024

Tre Kierkegaard-tolkninger
Kierkegaard og jøderne
Authors: Andersen K. Bruun
Published: March 2024

Kierkegaard og jøderne
Kierkegaards Verhältnis zur Musik
Authors: Hoffmann-Axthelm Moriz
Published: March 2024

Kierkegaards Verhältnis zur Musik
Kierkegaard über Hegel. Umrisse einer kritisch-polemischen Aneignung
Authors: Schulz Heiko
Published: March 2024

Kierkegaard über Hegel. Umrisse einer kritisch-polemischen Aneignung
Philosophie der Angst: Kierkegaard und Heidegger im Vergleich
Authors: Disse Jörg
Published: March 2024

Philosophie der Angst: Kierkegaard und Heidegger im Vergleich
The Dating of Kierkegaard's The Conflict between the Old and the New Soap-Cellars: A New Proposal
Authors: Stewart Jon
Published: March 2024

The Dating of Kierkegaard's The Conflict between the Old and the New Soap-Cellars: A New Proposal
Kierkegaard og Goethe
Authors: Steffensen Steffen
Published: March 2024

Kierkegaard og Goethe
Er jysk ironi en nøgle til Søren Kierkegaards forfatterskab?
Authors: Kragh Thyge V.
Published: March 2024

Er jysk ironi en nøgle til Søren Kierkegaards forfatterskab?
Luther og Kierkegaard
Authors: Mortensen Viggo
Published: March 2024

Luther og Kierkegaard
Marta Palenque (ed.): 'Valeriano y Gustavo Adolfo Bécquer. Versos, melodías y pinturas'
Authors: Murillo Rubio Juana
Published: March 2024

Reseña de Marta Palenque (ed.): Valeriano y Gustavo Adolfo Bécquer. Versos, melodías y pinturas. Sevilla: Editorial de la Universidad de Sevilla, 2023, 256 pp.
Bioconversion of waste of macauba as indication of use for input in animal feeds
Authors: Zardo Palacio Revello Claudiomira , Henrique de Tonissi e Buschinell de Goes Rafael , Fossa da Paz Marcelo , Palacio Revello Jaime Humberto , Moreira Souza Ferreira Isabelle , Marques Muzzi Rozanna
Published: March 2024

Acrocomia aculeata, belonging to the Arecaceae family, a palm tree known locally as macauba or bocaiuva, displays potential for obtaining vegetable oil with application in the production of biofuels, food and pharma-ceuticals. The objective of this work was to improve the nutritional aspects of macauba residues by myceliation by the fungi Pleurotus ostreatus and Pleurotus sajor-caju. The extraction of its oils (from the pulp and the kernel) generates residue, the most interesting being the bran or cakes. In this study, macauba’s kernel and pulp bran, as well as their mixture with parts of the fruit, such as the epicarp, were submitted to the bioconversion treatment with the fungi P. ostreatus and P. sajor-caju. The composition of ash, crude protein, neutral and acid detergent fiber, lignin, cellulose, crude fiber, ether extract and in vitro digestibility were determined, in comparison to the control samples. In all samples there was a considerable increase in ash, protein and digestibility when compared to the control. Among the results obtained, the sample of the mixture of pulp bran and kernel in a 1:1 ratio stands out, which went from roughage to concentrate and was classified as protein. In the kernel bran-pulp bran (1:1) sample, production was carried out until the maturation phase with the fungus P. ostreatus. Fruiting occurred 80 days after the initial mycelium. The biological efficiency of this culture was 34.42%, and the value found for the crude protein of the mushroom produced was 33.11%.
Brain-derived and in vitro-seeded alpha-synuclein fibrils exhibit distinct biophysical profiles
Authors: Lee Selene Seoyun , Civitelli Livia , Parkkinen Laura
Published: March 2024

The alpha-synuclein (αSyn) seeding ampliﬁcation assay (SAA) that allows the generation of disease-speciﬁc in vitro seeded ﬁbrils (SAA ﬁbrils) is used as a research tool to study the connection between the structure of αSyn fibrils, cellular seeding/spreading, and the clinicopathological manifestations of different synucleinopathies. However, structural differences between human brain-derived and SAA αSyn ﬁbrils have been recently highlighted. Here, we characterize the biophysical properties of the human brain-derived αSyn ﬁbrils from the brains of patients with Parkinson’s disease with and without dementia (PD, PDD), dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), multiple system atrophy (MSA), and compare them to the ‘model’ SAA ﬁbrils. We report that the brain-derived αSyn ﬁbrils show distinct biochemical proﬁles, which were not replicated in the corresponding SAA ﬁbrils. Furthermore, the brain-derived αSyn ﬁbrils from all synucleinopathies displayed a mixture of ‘straight’ and ‘twisted’ microscopic structures. However, the PD, PDD, and DLB SAA ﬁbrils had a ’straight’ structure, whereas MSA SAA ﬁbrils showed a ‘twisted’ structure. Finally, the brain-derived αSyn ﬁbrils from all four synucleinopathies were phosphorylated (S129). Interestingly, phosphorylated αSyn were carried over to the PDD and DLB SAA fibrils. Our ﬁndings demonstrate the limitation of the SAA ﬁbrils modeling the brain-derived αSyn ﬁbrils and pay attention to the necessity of deepening the understanding of the SAA fibrillation methodology.
A latent clinical-anatomical dimension relating metabolic syndrome to brain structure and cognition
Authors: Petersen Marvin , Hoffstaedter Felix , Nägele Felix L , Mayer Carola , Schell Maximilian , Rimmele D Leander , Zyriax Birgit-Christiane , Zeller Tanja , Kühn Simone , Gallinat Jürgen , Fiehler Jens , Twerenbold Raphael , Omidvarnia Amir , Patil Kaustubh R , Eickhoff Simon B , Thomalla Goetz , Cheng Bastian
Published: March 2024

The link between metabolic syndrome (MetS) and neurodegenerative as well as cerebrovascular conditions holds substantial implications for brain health in at-risk populations. This study elucidates the complex relationship between MetS and brain health by conducting a comprehensive examination of cardiometabolic risk factors, brain morphology, and cognitive function in 40,087 individuals. Multivariate, data-driven statistics identified a latent dimension linking more severe MetS to widespread brain morphological abnormalities, accounting for up to 71% of shared variance in the data. This dimension was replicable across sub-samples. In a mediation analysis, we could demonstrate that MetS-related brain morphological abnormalities mediated the link between MetS severity and cognitive performance in multiple domains. Employing imaging transcriptomics and connectomics, our results also suggest that MetS-related morphological abnormalities are linked to the regional cellular composition and macroscopic brain network organization. By leveraging extensive, multi-domain data combined with a dimensional stratification approach, our analysis provides profound insights into the association of MetS and brain health. These findings can inform effective therapeutic and risk mitigation strategies aimed at maintaining brain integrity.
Dynamic localization of the chromosomal passenger complex is controlled by the orphan kinesins KIN-A and KIN-B in the kinetoplastid parasite Trypanosoma brucei
Authors: Ballmer Daniel , Akiyoshi Bungo
Published: March 2024

The chromosomal passenger complex (CPC) is an important regulator of cell division, which shows dynamic subcellular localization throughout mitosis, including kinetochores and the spindle midzone. In traditional model eukaryotes such as yeasts and humans, the CPC consists of the catalytic subunit Aurora B kinase, its activator INCENP, and the localization module proteins Borealin and Survivin. Intriguingly, Aurora B and INCENP as well as their localization pattern are conserved in kinetoplastids, an evolutionarily divergent group of eukaryotes that possess a unique set of kinetochore proteins and lack homologs of Borealin or Survivin. It is not understood how the kinetoplastid CPC assembles or how it is targeted to its subcellular destinations during the cell cycle. Here, we identify two orphan kinesins, KIN-A and KIN-B, as bona fide CPC proteins in
Trypanosoma brucei
, the causative agent of African sleeping sickness. By employing biochemical, structural, and cell biological approaches, we demonstrate that KIN-A and KIN-B serve as the scaffold for the assembly of the remaining CPC subunits. Kinetochore localization of the CPC depends on the KKT7 – KKT8 complex pathway, with the C-terminal unstructured tail of KIN-A serving as a key interaction partner for the KKT8 complex. Our data therefore show that, unlike other eukaryotes that take advantage of histone modifications for centromere recruitment, trypanosomes rely on kinetochore proteins to recruit the CPC onto kinetochores. Furthermore, the ATPase activity of KIN-A promotes chromosome alignment in prometaphase and CPC translocation to the central spindle upon anaphase onset. Thus, KIN-A constitutes a unique ‘two-in-one’ CPC localization module in complex with KIN-B, which directs the CPC to kinetochores (from S phase until metaphase) via its C-terminal tail, and to the central spindle (in anaphase) via its N-terminal kinesin motor domain. Our findings highlight the evolutionary diversity of CPC proteins and raise the possibility that kinesins may have served as the original transport vehicles for Aurora B kinases in early eukaryotes.
Neural activity ramps in frontal cortex signal extended motivation during learning
Authors: Regalado Josue M , Corredera Asensio Ariadna , Haunold Theresa , Toader Andrew C , Li Yan Ran , Neal Lauren A , Rajasethupathy Priyamvada
Published: March 2024

Learning requires the ability to link actions to outcomes. How motivation facilitates learning is not well understood. We designed a behavioral task in which mice self-initiate trials to learn cue-reward contingencies and found that the anterior cingulate region of the prefrontal cortex (ACC) contains motivation-related signals to maximize rewards. In particular, we found that ACC neural activity was consistently tied to trial initiations where mice seek to leave unrewarded cues to reach reward-associated cues. Notably, this neural signal persisted over consecutive unrewarded cues until reward-associated cues were reached, and was required for learning. To determine how ACC inherits this motivational signal we performed projection-specific photometry recordings from several inputs to ACC during learning. In doing so, we identified a ramp in bulk neural activity in orbitofrontal cortex (OFC)-to-ACC projections as mice received unrewarded cues, which continued ramping across consecutive unrewarded cues, and finally peaked upon reaching a reward-associated cue, thus maintaining an extended motivational state. Cellular resolution imaging of OFC confirmed these neural correlates of motivation, and further delineated separate ensembles of neurons that sequentially tiled the ramp. Together, these results identify a mechanism by which OFC maps out task structure to convey an extended motivational state to ACC to facilitate goal-directed learning.
Effect of Different Ages of African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) Broodstock on Reproductive Performance and Fries Production
Authors: Otoh, A. J.  , Okoko, A. C.  , Asangusung, P. S.  , Ekanem, I. E.  , George, U. U.  , Idiong, T. E
Published: March 2024

This study was conducted at the hatchery complex of Akwa Ibom State University to investigate the effect of different ages of African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) on their reproductive performances. Eighteen (18) broodstock of Clarias gariepinus (3 males and 3 females) from each age group, six months, twelve months and eighteen months old with average body measurement of 1.1kg and 32cm for six month, 1.8kg and 43cm for 12 months and 2.5 kg and 65.7cm for 18 months were selected from AKSU fish farm labeled treatment A, B and C for the study. 3 male broodstock from each treatment were sacrificed for milt extraction without hormonal inducement. The milt from each treatment were separately pooled into one volume and divided into three portions each diluted with 2ml of normal saline solution. Three female broodstock from each treatment were separately induced with ovaprim at a single dosage of 0.5ml/kg body weight of fish and allowed for a latency period of ten hours at water temperature of 26oC before stripping manually. 3g of egg from each broodstock was mixed with the diluted milt and activated with 100 mls of normal saline. The fertilized eggs were incubated in aerated indoor concrete tanks in 3 replicates. % fertilization were accessed six (6) hours after incubation, % hatchability was accessed twenty-six hours (26) after incubation, while the percentage survival and fry production success in each treatment was accessed after ten (10) days post hatching. The results reveal that the reproductive parameters considered in this study significantly (p<0.05) increased with age of broodstocks. The percentage fertilization of egg from the least to the oldest broodstock were 63.67± 0.88, 69.50 ± 0.87 and 81.83 ± 5.05 respectively. The percentage hatchability of the oldest broodstock was 82.62 ± 1.6 significantly (P< 0.05) higher than 64.79 ± 2.74 (12 months) with the least value of 49.04 ± 5.76 recorded for six-month-old broodstock. The oldest broodstock had the highest percentage survival 83.14 ± 3.16 and fry production success of 56.05± 0.06 while the least broodstock (6-month-old) had the least value of survival 54.59 ± 2.42 and fry production success of 17.17 ± 2.59%.
Comparative Study of Amino Acids in the Different Stages of Honey Bee
Authors: Lakshmi M. Sri Muthu , Sunitha T. Elizabeth Thangamani
Published: March 2024

Apiculture is the practice of keeping bees as well as the manufacturing of honey and beeswax. Nectar is the main source of carbohydrates for honey bees. The amount of nectar needed pet colony depends on how concentrated the sugars are in the nectar. A worker bee needs 11 mg of dry sugar each day, which translates to about 22 µl of 50% sugar syrup per bee per day. In order to make honeybees grow satisfactorily enough feed must be provided, and feed should have all the necessary nutrients for the growth of honeybees. The important nutrients such as amino acids, lipids, carbohydrates, and requirements of vitamins and minerals are necessary for the growth and development of honeybees. During development, several structural, physiological, and biochemical changes occur takes place in an organism from stage to stage. There is a variation in the quality of all biochemical components. In the present study, the free amino acids from the eggs, larvae, pupae, and adult honeybee Apis cerana indica and also honey have been analyzed. This work was carried out by adopting the technique of paper chromatography. The developed chromatograms were dried and the spots were identified by spraying with (O.IN) Ninhydrin in acetone. The Rf values were calculated and compared with the Rf values of the standard amino acids. The presence of amino acids in different life stages of honeybee and honey were analyzed and compared.
Growth, Yield and Quality of Linseed under Replacement Series in Legume Intercropping System
Authors: Vasava N. M. , Shroff J. C. , Shah S. N. , Parmar P. M. , Dohat M. P.
Published: March 2024

Among the oil seeds crops grown during rabi season, linseed is next in importance to rapeseed and mustard in area as well as production. This crop is often grown on marginal and sub marginal land in rainfed conditions as pure and mixed or intercrop. It is one among minor crops which is of economic value because of its common usage in animal feed, oil extraction, etc. There are many factors responsible for lack of productivity of linseed including crop failure. Therefore increasing productivity and avoiding the risk associated with complete crop failure intercropping is the way forward. Hence, a field experiment was conducted at College Agronomy Farm, B. A. College of Agriculture, Anand Agricultural University, Anand during two consecutive rabi season of the year 2019-20 and 2020-21 in Randomized Block Design (RBD), consisting of ninth different intercropping systems viz.; T1: sole chickpea, T2: sole linseed, T3: sole fenugreek, T4: (chickpea + linseed 2:1), T5: (chickpea + linseed 3:1), T6: (chickpea + linseed 4:2), T7: (chickpea + fenugreek 2:1), T8: (chickpea + fenugreek 3:1) and T9: (chickpea + fenugreek 4:2) with four replication. The results showed that the plant height of linseed at harvest, number of branches per plant at 60 DAS (Days after sowing) and at harvest was found significantly higher under treatment T2 (sole linseed) during the both years as well as in pooled results. Furthermore treatment T2 (sole linseed) recorded significantly higher number of capsules/plant during the year 2019-20, 2020-21 and on pooled base analysis, respectively but being comparable with treatment T4 (chickpea + linseed 2:1) during both the years. Maximum seed yield of linseed was obtained under treatment T2 (sole linseed) during the individual years and on pooled base analysis, respectively. Among the intercropping treatments, higher seed yield of linseed was obtained in the treatment T4 (chickpea + linseed 2:1). While the highest straw yield and harvest index of linseed was obtained in treatment T2 (sole linseed) during the year 2019-2020, 2020-21 and in pooled results. Treatment T2 (sole linseed) gave the highest crude protein (%) and oil content (%) during the both years as well as pooled results.
A Comprehensive Review of Bulldozers in Modern Construction
Authors: Mathur Akanksha , Singh Vikas K. , Shivam  , Chaudhary Vipul , Mishra P. K. , Ankit  , Akram Mo , Khwahiz Ali  , Verma Shashank , Tiwari Sarvda Nand , Roshan Vipin Kumar
Published: March 2024

This study investigates the contemporary landscape of bulldozer technologies and trends in the year 2023, aiming to provide a comprehensive overview of the advancements shaping the construction and earthmoving industry. This research meticulously analyses industry reports, manufacturer data, and emerging technologies, delving into key areas. Firstly, the study explores the integration of cutting-edge technologies into bulldozer design, with a focus on GPS-guided systems for precise grading, telematics for remote monitoring, and automation features contributing to enhanced operational efficiency. Secondly, environmental considerations are examined, emphasizing efforts to make bulldozers more sustainable. This involves an assessment of initiatives to reduce emissions, improve fuel efficiency, and the exploration of alternative power sources, such as electric or hybrid systems. The study also investigates advancements in safety and operator-centric features, including ergonomic cab designs, improved visibility, and the incorporation of safety technologies aimed at reducing accidents and enhancing overall job site safety. Data analytics and telematics play a crucial role in this research, with a focus on their utilization for performance optimization, predictive maintenance, and efficient fleet management. Additionally, the study touches upon the influence of global market trends, economic factors, and regulatory changes on the adoption and development of bulldozer technologies. This includes an examination of how regional demands for infrastructure projects and urbanization impact the design and utilization of bulldozers in different parts of the world. In conclusion, this study aims to contribute valuable insights into the current state of bulldozer technologies, offering a foundation for understanding the industry's trajectory and potential areas for future research and development.
Effect of Inorganic and Organic Weed Management Practices on Growth and Economics in Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)
Authors: Dheer Vineet , Singh Krishna Kumar , Singh Jaykar , Kumar Yogesh , Deepu  , Yadav R.A. , Kumar Sanjeev , Maurya C.L.
Published: March 2024

An experiment comprising twelve treatments viz., Sulfosulfuran 75 WP @ 25 g a.i., Sulfosulfuran 75 WP + Metsulfuran 5 WP @ 32 g a.i. , Fenoxaprop 10 WP @100 g a.i.,  Pinoxaden 5 EC @ 50 g a.i. Clodinofop 15% propargyl + Metsulfuran 5 WP @ 19.71 g a.i., Halauxifen-Methyl 6.96 % W/W + Pyroxsulam 25% WG @ 19.71 g a.i., Carfentrazone ethyl 20 % + Sulfosulfuran 25 % WG @ 100 g a.i. each ha-1 at 30-35 DAS, Paddy straw within two rows @ 6.0 t ha-1 , Polythene sheet within two rows both at 8-10 DAS, Hand weeding (20 DAS and 40 DAS), Weed free, Unweeded Control was conducted in randomized block design with 3 replications at Crop Research Farm, Nawabganj, Chandra Shekhar Azad University of Agriculture and Technology, Kanpur (Uttar Pradesh) in wheat cv. K 1006 during Rabi 2019-20. The growth characters plant height, number of effective tillers m-2 and dry matter accumulation (g m-2) at 30, 60, 90 DAS and harvest of the crop and economics [Cost of cultivation (₹ ha-1), gross income (₹ ha-1), net income (₹ ha-1) and B:C ratio] of the treatments were recorded. The maximum plant height (28.60, 70.95, 91.65 and 104.65 cm), maximum effective tillers m-2 (184.64, 397.24, 427.76 and 418.23) and dry matter accumulation (98.60, 387.42, 748.34 and 1191.34 g m-2) at above successive crop growth stages were recorded under weed free practice. However, the net return (Rs. 60776 ha-1) and   B: C ratio (1.45) was higher with the use of polythene sheet. Thus, mulching with polythene sheet could be exploited as cost effective practice for sustaining wheat production.
Mechanisms of mercury disposition in the body
Authors: Clarkson Thomas W. , Vyas Jayesh B. , Ballatori Nazzareno
Published: May 2007

Today the most widespread human exposures to mercury are to mercury vapor emitted from amalgam tooth fillings, to ethylmercury as a preservative in vaccines, and to methylmercury in edible tissues of fish. This review will focus on the mechanisms of transport of these three species of mercury. All three species are freely moveable throughout the body. Inhaled vapor in view of its physical properties as an uncharged atomic gas is believed to be transported by passive diffusion. Methylmercury and ethylmercury also move freely in the body. Methylmercury, and presumably its closely related chemical cousin ethylmercury, cross cell membranes as complexes with small molecular weight thiol compounds, entering the cell in part as a cysteine complex on the large neutral amino acid carriers and exiting the cell in part as a complex with reduced glutathione on endogenous carriers. The implications of these mechanisms with regard to biological monitoring are discussed. Am. J. Ind. Med. 50:757–764, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Early predictors of chronic work disability associated with carpal tunnel syndrome: a longitudinal workers' compensation cohort study
Authors: Turner Judith A. , Franklin Gary , Fulton‐Kehoe Deborah , Sheppard Lianne , Wickizer Thomas M. , Wu Rae , Gluck Jeremy V. , Egan Kathleen , Stover Bert
Published: May 2007

Background

The study objectives were to identify early predictors of chronic work disability associated with carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) and to test the hypothesis that variables from each of several domains (sociodemographic, clinical, work‐related, and psychosocial) would add unique predictive information.

Methods

Washington State workers were interviewed 18 days (median) after submitting a new workers' compensation claim for CTS. Baseline predictors of chronic work disability (≥180 days of work disability compensation in the year after claim submission) were examined for workers who had at least 1 day of disability compensation (N = 899).

Results

Baseline demographic variables, symptom severity, functional limitations, lack of job accommodation, job physical demands, job psychosocial conditions, and worker psychosocial characteristics predicted chronic disability bivariately. Each domain of variables added significantly to the prediction of chronic disability. The final multivariable model had fair ability to discriminate individuals with versus without chronic disability (cross‐validated area under the ROC curve = 0.76).

Conclusions

Sociodemographic, clinical, work‐related, and worker psychosocial factors early in a claim contribute unique information to the prediction of subsequent work disability associated with CTS. Am. J. Ind. Med. 50:489–500, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Medicaid and access to care among persons with systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Gillis Joann Zell , Yazdany Jinoos , Trupin Laura , Julian Laura , Panopalis Pantelis , Criswell Lindsey A. , Katz Patricia , Yelin Edward
Published: April 2007

Objective

To evaluate the associations between Medicaid insurance and distance traveled by patients to treating physicians and health care utilization for patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).

Methods

A total of 982 adults with SLE were recruited between 2002 and 2004. We calculated the distance between patient homes and physicians using Mapquest, an Internet mapping program. We then assessed the association between Medicaid status and distance traveled to the primary SLE provider, presence of ≥1 physician visits, and the number of all physician visits, with and without adjustment for demographic and medical covariates.

Results

On an unadjusted basis, Medicaid patients traveled longer distances to see their primary SLE provider. This effect was pronounced for patients under the care of a rheumatologist. Adjustment reduced, but did not eliminate, these differences. With adjustment for covariates, Medicaid patients were equally as likely to see a rheumatologist as non‐Medicaid patients. However, Medicaid patients were more likely to be seen by a general practitioner or in the emergency room for their SLE, and reported more visits to general practitioners and the emergency room for SLE.

Conclusion

Medicaid patients with SLE traveled longer distances to see an SLE physician, especially rheumatologists. They also reported a different pattern of health care utilization. These results suggest that Medicaid patients may face barriers in obtaining comprehensive medical services in proximity to their residences.
Large‐scale index for South America Monsoon (LISAM)
Authors: da Silva Ana Elizabethe , de Carvalho Leila M. Véspoli
Published: May 2007

Time variations and large‐scale features of South America summer monsoon are characterized by an index based on the first combined EOF of anomalies of precipitation, specific humidity, air temperature, and zonal and meridional winds at 850 hPa. This index describes intraseasonal to interannual variations of the monsoon. Copyright © 2007 Royal Meteorological Society
On the Analysis of Special Incomplete Three‐dimensional Contingency Tables
Authors: Enke H.
Published: April 2007

Incomplete contingency tables, i.e. tables with structurally caused empty cells, are analysed by means of so‐called quasilog‐linear models. In general the expected values can be calculated by means of iterative cyclic adaption to corresponding marginals of the empirical contingency tables (in the same way as in complete tables) under different hierarchical hypotheses concerning the parameters of the models.

For important cases of 2‐dimensional contingency tables it is possible to demonstrate that expected values and test statistics are to find in a closed form.

If all 2‐dimensional sub or partial tables of a 3‐dimensional table can be assigned to such cases then the hypotheses of classes (AB×C) (𝔐), (B×C)/A(𝔪), (A𝔪B)/A(𝔪) etc. are testable in closed form. But the expected values to (A×B×C) (×) have to be calculated iteratively.

An example shows that some definite additive decompositions of the test statistic 2 I are no longer valid while some others remain valid in spite of incompleteness of the tables.
A Class of Distributions in the First Emptiness of a Semi‐Infinite Reservoir
Authors: Khan M. S. H. , Jain G. C.
Published: April 2007

This paper considers the probability distribution of the volume of a certain substance (e.g. river discharge, rainfall, deposites of clay, organism, etc.) that flows into a semi‐infinite reservoir before its first emptiness for continuous and homogeneous input process when the substance is released at unit rate per unit of time. A few moments of the distribution have been computed. A generalized gamma, and a generalized exponential distributions as particular cases are also discussed. Some possible applications of the generalized negative exponential distribution have been mentioned. These distributions are in fact the continuous analogues of the discrete LAGRANGE distributions recently considered by JAIN and others.
Prediction Models in Configural Frequency Analysis
Authors: Heilmann W.‐R. , Lienert G. A. , Maly V.
Published: April 2007

Configural frequency analysis models are presented for predicting a discrete criterion variable from combining 2 or more discrete predictor variables nonparametrically. Predictions are made via so‐called prediction types which allow to predict a criterion class from combined predictor classes. Prediction types are implicitely defined as cells of a 2‐dimensional contingeney table with rows as predictor combinations and columns as criterion classes. The CFA is extended for two criteria, and for stratified sampling.
Sequential Exploration in Mixture Experiments
Authors: Goel B. S. , Nigam A. K.
Published: April 2007

In this paper sequential exploration of response surfaces for mixture experiments has been studied. The plan and the estimation and testing procedures for some of the well known models have been given.
On the Accuracy of Lineal Analysis
Authors: Stoyan D.
Published: April 2007

Formulae and tables for the error of lineal analysis method for determining volume or area fractions of spatial or planar patterns are given for three random set models.
Comparing Associations in two Independent Fourfold Tables
Authors: Lienert G. A. , Reynolds J. , Wall K.‐D.
Published: April 2007

A test is derived for comparing the associations in two independent fourfold tables. The test is based on the odd ratio as a measure of association but may likewise be applied for testing the difference between two phi coefficients. For small samples an exact test version is given with tables for reading critical phi differences. For large samples an asymptotic version is reported, requiring, however, the solution of a cubic equation. A typical bivariate application is illustrated, using a numerical example from psycho‐pharmacology, and univariate applications are also discussed.
Interrupted Point Processes
Authors: Stoyan D.
Published: April 2007

A simple random thinning procedure for point processes is considered. The model is used for the description of a pattern generated by positions of tree seedlings.
Applied Stochastic Geometry: A Survey (Invited Paper)
Authors: Stoyan D.
Published: April 2007

The paper is a survey on some practical aspects of stochastic geometry in the sense of D. G. KENDALL's and G. MATHERON's & J. SERRA's schools.
Allocation of Sample Size to Strata and Related Problems
Authors: Rao T. J.
Published: May 2007

In this paper, we shall study an alternative method of deriving Neyman's Optimum allocation of sample size to strata for simple random sampling which is intuitive and simple. In order to obtain this allocation, the within stratum standard deviations of the study variate are required which are unknown and hence are substituted by known quantities. We shall discuss the effects of deviations from the optimum allocation and other related problems.
πPSSampling Scheme Through Grouping
Authors: Agrawal R. , Singh P. , Singh D.
Published: May 2007

A πPSsampling scheme is developed by combining Stevens and Midzuno‐Sen Sampling schemes. The restriction on original probabilities is less severe in the proposed scheme than that in Stevens and Midzuno‐Sen schemes. The performance of the scheme is satisfactory.
Statistical Analyses for Multistage Experiment Designs
Authors: Federer W. T.
Published: May 2007

Suppose thattexperiments are conducted simultaneously on the same set of experimental units. For example, suppose thattmutually orthogonal latin square experiment designs are used for thetexperiments onn2experimental units. Statistical literature is voluminous on construction of such designs, but contains relatively little and incomplete results on statistical analyses for such designs. Six statistical analyses are presented for a pair of orthogonal latin square experiment designs. Then, the methods are generalized fortmutually orthogonal experiment designs. The results are also extended to a set oftmutually balanced Youden experiment designs.
Rank Tests for Complete Block Designs
Authors: Haux R. , Schumacher M. , Weckesser G.
Published: May 2007

In this article a general univariateK‐sample rank test for complete block designs with proportional cell frequencies is derived. It is shown that the test statistic has under H0and for arbitrary scores asymptotically aX2‐distribution withK— 1 degrees of freedom. Special cases of this test are the Kruskal‐Wallis test and the Friedman test. The test is compared with the Benard‐van‐Elteren test, the Mack‐Skillings test and a test proposed by Downton. Finally the application of the test is illustrated by two examples.
Multivariate Extensions of the Mixed Model for Quantitative Traits
Authors: Simpson J. M.
Published: May 2007

The mixed model for complex segregation analysis of quantitative data from three‐generational nuclear families is extended to the multivariate case. Likelihood functions for hypothesis testing are derived for two types of conditional analysis of multiple traits: first when entry to the study depends on the index case's values of all the quantitative traits that are of interest, and second when entry depends on only one trait, but other correlated traits are to be studied simultaneously. Using direct products of covariance matrices, these functions are seen to be direct multivariate equivalence of the univariate functions.
On Characterizing Some Discrete Distributions by a Conditional Distribution and a Regression Function
Authors: Papageorgiou H.
Published: May 2007

In this paper we consider characterizations of the binomial, negative binomial, hypergeometric, negative hypergeometric, multinomial and multivariate hypergeometric distributions, by linear regression of one random variable (vector) on the other and the conditional distribution of the other random variable (vector) given the first. It is also indicated how these results can be used in genetics.
Likelihood Models for Multivariate Traits in Human Genetics1
Authors: Bonney George E. , Elston Robert C.
Published: May 2007

The formulation of likelihood functions for multivariate genetic traits in humans is discussed, and exact computing formulas presented for families and simple pedigrees. The model described incorporates all the features of the original ELSTON and STEWART (1971) formulation and that of LANGE et al. (1976, 1983); the integration of the two models is achieved through the introduction of quantities we call “relatedness coefficients.” These are subsequently used to define “status indices,” which turn out to be the key to the computational problem, for the polygenic and mixed models of genetic transmission. The highest order of matrices that enter into the calculation is pXp for a p‐variate trait, instead of npXnp, where n is the size of the pedigree. The expressions that are presented can be extended to complex pedigree structures.
Scheffy's Confidence Intervals in the Models of Analysis of Covariance
Authors: Kuczyński M. , Drwièa T.
Published: May 2007

Scheffe's confidence intervals for linear functions of some subvectors of a vector of parameters are presented. The considered subvectors are such that covariance matrices of their estimators are known non‐negative definite matrices multiplied by unknown positive constants. This property is characteristic of the least squares estimators of vectors of main and interaction effects in the analysis of covariance models of the following experimental designs: split‐block, split‐plot, completely randomized two‐factor design and randomized complete block design.

The formulas for confidence intervals for linear functions of vectors of main or interaction effects in the designs mentioned above are given in the paper. The practical example is given as an illustration.
A Test of Equality of Survival Distributions for Two Sample Censored Grouped Survival Data
Authors: O'Neill Terence J.
Published: May 2007

A common testing problem for a life table or survival data is to test the equality of two survival distributions when the data is both grouped and censored. Several tests have been proposed in the literature which require various assumptions about the censoring distributions. It is shown that if these conditions are relaxed then the tests may no longer have the stated properties. The maximum likelihood test of equality when no assumptions are made about the censoring marginal distributions is derived. The properties of the test are found and it is compared to the existing tests. The fact that no assumptions are required about the censoring distributions make the test a useful initial testing procedure.