bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Acetovanillone augmented the cardioprotective effect of carvedilol against cadmium-induced heart injury via suppression of oxidative stress and inflammation signaling pathways
Authors: Hassanein Emad H. M. , Bakr Adel G. , El-Shoura Ehab A. M. , Ahmed Lamiaa Khalaf , Ali Fares E. M.
Published: March 2023

Cardiac toxicity is a public health issue that can be caused by both environmental and occupational exposures. The current study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of carvedilol (CV), Acetovanillone (ACET), and their combination for ameliorating cadmium (Cd)-induced oxidative stress, inflammation, and necroptosis. Rats were assigned to; the normal group, Cd group (2 mg/kg; i.p., single dose), and the other three groups received orally CV (10 mg/kg), ACET (25 mg/kg), and CV plus ACET, respectively and a single dose of Cd. Oral administration of CV, ACET, and their combination significantly dampens cardiac oxidative injury by increasing antioxidants GSH and SOD levels, while it decreases MDA and NADPH oxidase levels mediated by decreasing cardiac abundance of Nrf2, HO-1, and SIRT1 and downregulating KEAP-1 and FOXO-3 levels. Also, they significantly attenuated inflammatory response as indicated by reducing MPO and NOx as well as proinflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-6 mediated by downregulating TLR4, iNOS, and NF-κB proteins expression as well as IκB upregulation. Moreover, they potently counteracted cardiac necroptosis by downregulating RIPK1, RIPK3, MLKL, and caspase-8 proteins expression. Of note, the combination of CV and ACET have marked protection that exceeded each drug alone. Conclusively, CV ad ACET potently mitigated Cd-induced cardiac intoxication by regulating NADPH oxidase, KEAP-1/Nrf2/HO-1, SIRT1/FOXO-3, TLR4/NF-κB/iNOS, and RIPK1/RIPK3/MLKL signals.
Genetic correlations between Alzheimer’s disease and gut microbiome genera
Authors: Cammann Davis , Lu Yimei , Cummings Melika J. , Zhang Mark L. , Cue Joan Manuel , Do Jenifer , Ebersole Jeffrey , Chen Xiangning , Oh Edwin C. , Cummings Jeffrey L. , Chen Jingchun
Published: March 2023

A growing body of evidence suggests that dysbiosis of the human gut microbiota is associated with neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer’s disease (AD) via neuroinflammatory processes across the microbiota-gut-brain axis. The gut microbiota affects brain health through the secretion of toxins and short-chain fatty acids, which modulates gut permeability and numerous immune functions. Observational studies indicate that AD patients have reduced microbiome diversity, which could contribute to the pathogenesis of the disease. Uncovering the genetic basis of microbial abundance and its effect on AD could suggest lifestyle changes that may reduce an individual’s risk for the disease. Using the largest genome-wide association study of gut microbiota genera from the MiBioGen consortium, we used polygenic risk score (PRS) analyses with the “best-fit” model implemented in PRSice-2 and determined the genetic correlation between 119 genera and AD in a discovery sample (ADc12 case/control: 1278/1293). To confirm the results from the discovery sample, we next repeated the PRS analysis in a replication sample (GenADA case/control: 799/778) and then performed a meta-analysis with the PRS results from both samples. Finally, we conducted a linear regression analysis to assess the correlation between the PRSs for the significant genera and theAPOEgenotypes. In the discovery sample, 20 gut microbiota genera were initially identified as genetically associated with AD case/control status. Of these 20, three genera (Eubacterium fissicatenaas a protective factor, Collinsella,andVeillonellaas a risk factor) were independently significant in the replication sample. Meta-analysis with discovery and replication samples confirmed that ten genera had a significant correlation with AD, four of which were significantly associated with theAPOErs429358 risk allele in a direction consistent with their protective/risk designation in AD association. Notably, the proinflammatory genusCollinsella,identified as a risk factor for AD, was positively correlated with theAPOErs429358 risk allele in both samples. Overall, the host genetic factors influencing the abundance of ten genera are significantly associated with AD, suggesting that these genera may serve as biomarkers and targets for AD treatment and intervention. Our results highlight that proinflammatory gut microbiota might promote AD development through interaction withAPOE. Larger datasets and functional studies are required to understand their causal relationships.
Iron deficiency in sepsis patients managed with divided doses of iron dextran: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Czempik Piotr F. , Wiórek Agnieszka
Published: March 2023

Iron deficiency (ID) impairs hemoglobin (Hb) synthesis and immune function, both crucial for sepsis patients. We assessed the impact of iron dextran on reticulocyte (Ret) Hb equivalent (Ret-He) and Ret subpopulations in iron-deficient sepsis patients. In this prospective clinical study we enrolled patients with sepsis or septic shock with procalcitonin concentration > 0.5 ng/mL, diagnosed with ID based on Ret-He. Study subjects received divided doses of iron dextran until normalization of Ret-He. The study population included 35 subjects. The median Ret-He increase after 2 doses of iron dextran was 3.0 (IQR 1.9–6.1) pg (p < 0.01) with median time to normalization 4 (IQR 3–5) days. Although no change in Ret percentage [Me 1.5 (IQR 1.1–2.1) vs. Me 1.4 (IQR 1.1–2.4) %, p = 0.39] and number [Me 0.05 (IQR 0.04–0.07) vs. Me 0.05 (IQR 0.03–0.06) 106/µL, p = 0.88] was noted, Ret subpopulations changed significantly (p for all < 0.01). Divided doses of iron dextran relatively quickly normalize Ret-He in iron-deficient sepsis patients. Changes in Ret subpopulations suggest increased erythropoietic activity. Further research is needed to explore the role of intravenous iron in this clinical setting.
Three types of bidirectional leader development in triggered lightning flashes
Authors: Su Rui , Wang Fukun , Wang Jianguo , Cai Li , Cao Jinxin , Wang Junlin
Published: March 2023

Eight cases of bidirectional leader (BL) development in artificially triggered lightning flashes are reported with synchronous high-speed camera images and electric field signals. Based on optical progressing characteristics, the eight cases can be divided into three types: a reflection type, a discontinuity type, and an inducement type. For the reflection type, the tail of a dart leader may begin to extend backward when the leader’s head reaches a branch point, or the top of the exploded triggering wire. For the discontinuity type, the initiation of a bidirectional leader below a decayed attempted leader may occur more than once preceding one return stroke. For the inducement type, the approach of another leader with the same polarity will turn a dart leader into a bidirectional leader. The reflection type and inducement type are first observed here. Two cases of the discontinuity type are observed, and both are multiple-bidirectional leaders observed for the first time. For the reflection type and inducement type, there are fluctuations in the electric field related to the BL development. The dissipation of the downward leader slows down the negative increase of the electric field. Once the BL development starts, the downward negative end of the BL moves towards the ground with the E-field negatively increasing. For the discontinuity type, the close electric field result shows no fluctuations. The BL development has a much longer duration than the other two BL types.
Passive atomic-scale optical sensors for mapping light flux in ultra-small cavities
Authors: Andričević Pavao , Sellwood Elaine L. , Eppes Martha-Cary , Kook Myungho , Jain Mayank
Published: March 2023

Understanding light propagation and attenuation in cavities is limited by lack of applicable light sensing technologies. Here we demonstrate the use of light-sensitive metastable states in wide bandgap aluminosilicates (feldspar) as passive optical sensors for high-resolution mapping of light flux. We develop non-destructive, infrared photoluminescence (IRPL) imaging of trapped electrons in cracks as thin as 50 µm width to determine the spatio-temporal evolution of light sensitive metastable states in response to light exposure. Modelling of these data yields estimates of relative light flux at different depths along the crack surfaces. Contrary to expectation, the measured light flux does not scale with the crack width, and it is independent of crack orientation suggesting the dominance of diffused light propagation within the cracks. This work paves way for understanding of how light attenuates in the minutest of cavities for applications in areas as diverse as geomorphology, biology/ecology and civil engineering.
Modulation of cytotoxic amyloid fibrillation and mitochondrial damage of α-synuclein by catechols mediated conformational changes
Authors: Zohoorian-Abootorabi Toktam , Meratan Ali Akbar , Jafarkhani Saeed , Muronetz Vladimir , Haertlé Thomas , Saboury Ali Akbar
Published: March 2023

The interplay between α-synuclein (α-syn) and catechols plays a central role in Parkinson’s disease. This may be related to the modulating effects of catechols on the various aspects of α-syn fibrillization. Some of these effects may be attributed to the membrane-binding properties of the protein. In this work, we compare the effect of some catechols, including dopamine, epinephrine, DOPAL, and levodopa in micromolar concentrations, on the in vitro cytotoxicity of α-syn fibrils on human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells. The study was followed by comparing the interactions of resulting structures with rat brain mitochondria used as an in vitro biological model. The obtained results demonstrate that catechols-induced structures have lost their cytotoxicity mimicking apoptotic cell death mediated by α-syn aggregates in different proportions. Moreover, α-syn fibrils-induced mitochondrial dysfunction, evaluated by a range of biochemical assays, was modulated by catechols-modified α-syn oligomers in different manners, as levodopa and DOPAL demonstrated the maximal and minimal effects, respectively. The plausible mechanism causing the inhibition of α-syn cytotoxic fibrillization and mitochondrial dysfunction by catechols is discussed. Taken together, we propose that catechols can prevent the cytotoxic assembly of α-syn and its destructive effects on mitochondria at various stages, suggesting that decreased levels of catechols in dopaminergic neurons might accelerate the α-syn cytotoxicity and mitochondrial dysfunction implicating Parkinson’s disease.
Versatile magnetic configuration for the control and manipulation of superparamagnetic nanoparticles
Authors: Surpi Alessandro , Shelyakova Tatiana , Murgia Mauro , Rivas José , Piñeiro Yolanda , Greco Pierpaolo , Fini Milena , Dediu Valentin Alek
Published: March 2023

The control and manipulation of superparamagnetic nanoparticles (SP-MNP) is a significant challenge and has become increasingly important in various fields, especially in biomedical research. Yet, most of applications rely on relatively large nanoparticles, 50 nm or higher, mainly due to the fact that the magnetic control of smaller MNPs is often hampered by the thermally induced Brownian motion. Here we present a magnetic device able to manipulate remotely in microfluidic environment SP-MNPs smaller than 10 nm. The device is based on a specifically tailored configuration of movable permanent magnets. The experiments performed in 500 µm capillary have shown the ability to concentrate the SP-MNPs into regions characterized by different shapes and sizes ranging from 100 to 200 µm. The results are explained by straightforward calculations and comparison between magnetic and thermal energies. We provide then a comprehensive description of the magnetic field intensity and its spatial distribution for the confinement and motion of magnetic nanoparticles for a wide range of sizes. We believe this description could be used to establish accurate and quantitative magnetic protocols not only for biomedical applications, but also for environment, food, security, and other areas.
Application of a tuning-free burned area detection algorithm to the Chornobyl wildfires in 2022
Authors: Hu Jun , Igarashi Yasunori , Kotsuki Shunji , Yang Ziping , Talerko Mykola , Landin Volodymyr , Tyshchenko Olha , Zheleznyak Mark , Protsak Valentyn , Kirieiev Serhii
Published: March 2023

The wildfires in the Chornobyl Exclusion Zone (ChEZ) have caused widespread public concern about the potential risk of radiation exposure from radionuclides resuspended and redistributed due to the fires in 2020. The wildfires were also confirmed in ChEZ in the spring of 2022, and its impact needed to be estimated accurately and rapidly. In this study, we developed a tuning-free burned area detection algorithm (TuFda) to perform rapid detection of burned areas for the purpose of immediate post-fire assessment. We applied TuFda to detect burned areas in the ChEZ during the spring of 2022. The size of the burned areas in February and March was estimated as 0.4 km2 and 70 km2, respectively. We also applied the algorithm to other areas outside the boundaries of the ChEZ and detected land surface changes totaling 553 km2 in northern Ukraine between February and March 2022. These changes may have occurred as a result of the Russian invasion. This study is the first to identify areas in northern Ukraine impacted by both wildfires and the Russian invasion of Ukraine in 2022. Our algorithm facilitates the rapid provision of accurate information on significant land surface changes whether caused by wildfires, military action, or any other factor.
On-chip wavelength division multiplexing filters using extremely efficient gate-driven silicon microring resonator array
Authors: Hsu Wei-Che , Nujhat Nabila , Kupp Benjamin , Conley John F. , Wang Alan X.
Published: March 2023

Silicon microring resonators (Si-MRRs) play essential roles in on-chip wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) systems due to their ultra-compact size and low energy consumption. However, the resonant wavelength of Si-MRRs is very sensitive to temperature fluctuations and fabrication process variation. Typically, each Si-MRR in the WDM system requires precise wavelength control by free carrier injection using PIN diodes or thermal heaters that consume high power. This work experimentally demonstrates gate-tuning on-chip WDM filters for the first time with large wavelength coverage for the entire channel spacing using a Si-MRR array driven by high mobility titanium-doped indium oxide (ITiO) gates. The integrated Si-MRRs achieve unprecedented wavelength tunability up to 589 pm/V, or VπL of 0.050 V cm with a high-quality factor of 5200. The on-chip WDM filters, which consist of four cascaded ITiO-driven Si-MRRs, can be continuously tuned across the 1543–1548 nm wavelength range by gate biases with near-zero power consumption.
Bullseye dielectric cavities for photon collection from a surface-mounted quantum-light-emitter
Authors: Hekmati Reza , Hadden John P. , Mathew Annie , Bishop Samuel G. , Lynch Stephen A. , Bennett Anthony J.
Published: March 2023

Coupling light from a point source to a propagating mode is an important problem in nano-photonics and is essential for many applications in quantum optics. Circular “bullseye” cavities, consisting of concentric rings of alternating refractive index, are a promising technology that can achieve near-unity coupling into a first lens. Here we design a bullseye structure suitable for enhancing the emission from dye molecules, 2D materials and nano-diamonds positioned on the surface of these cavities. A periodic design of cavity, meeting the Bragg scattering condition, achieves a Purcell factor of 22.5 and collection efficiency of 80%. We also tackle the more challenging task of designing a cavity for coupling to a low numerical aperture fibre in the near field. Finally, using an iterative procedure, we study how the collection efficiency varies with apodised (non-periodic) rings.
Covid-19 pandemic induced traumatizing medical job contents and mental health distortions of physicians working in private practices and in hospitals
Authors: Ladwig Karl-Heinz , Johar Hamimatunnisa , Miller Inna , Atasoy Seryan , Goette Andreas
Published: March 2023

The Covid-19 pandemic during its early phases posed significant psychological threats particularly for medical frontline personal. It is unclear whether the medical workforce with the passage of time has adapted to these threats or have generalized to wider medical settings. An online survey was conducted reaching 1476 physicians in Germany with valid data from 1327 participants. Depression and anxiety were screened with the PHQ-2 and the GAD-2. Among a subtotal of 1139 (86.6%) physicians reporting personal treatment experiences with Covid-19 patients, 553 (84.8%) worked in a private practice (PP) and 586 (88.3%) in a hospital (HP). Covid-19 provoked profound conflicts between professional and ethical values: more physicians in PPs than HPs reported external constraints on their medical care being in conflict with the code of medical ethics (39.1 vs. 34.4%, p < 0.002) and significantly more HPs failed to maintain the dignity of their patients during the pandemic (48 vs. 27%, p < 0.0001). Comparison with reference groups among physicians with comparable size and settings during the first wave of Covid-19 revealed a significant increase in the prevalence of depression (23.0%) and anxiety (24.16%). Feelings of helplessness (63.3% in HPs and 53.4% in PPs) were associated with female sex, minor years of medical experience, sleeping problems and being encountered to unsettling events. Exposure to unsettling events and helplessness was significantly mediated by sleep disturbances (ß = 0.29, SE = 0.03, p < 0.0001). Covid-19 induced stress job content issues have broadened to medical disciplines beyond frontline workers. Emotional perturbations among physicians have attained a critical magnitude.
A supervised diagnostic experiment of resistance variable multifault locations in a mine ventilation system
Authors: Wang Dong , Liu Jian , Lijun Deng , Honglin Wang
Published: March 2023

The diagnosis of resistance variable multifault location (RVMFL) in a mine ventilation system is an essential function of the mine intelligent ventilation system, which is of great significance to mine-safe production. In this paper, a supervised machine learning model based on a decision tree (DT), multilayer perceptron (MLP), and ranking support vector machine (Rank-SVM) is proposed for RVMFL diagnosis in a mine ventilation system. The feasibility of the method and the predictive performance and generalization ability of the model were verified using a tenfold cross-validation of a multifault sample set of a 10-branch T-shaped angle-joint ventilation network and a 54-branch experimental ventilation network. The reliability of the model was further verified by diagnosing the RVMFL of the experimental ventilation system. The results show that the three models, DT, MLP, and Rank-SVM, can be used for the diagnosis of RVMFL in mine ventilation systems, and the prediction performance and generalization ability of the MLP and DT models perform better than the Rank-SVM model. In the diagnosis of multifault locations of the experimental ventilation system, the diagnostic accuracy of the MLP model reached 100% and that of the DT model was 44.44%. The results confirm the MLP model outperforms the three models and can meet engineering needs.
Immunization of broiler chickens with five newly identified surface-exposed proteins unique to Clostridium perfringens causing necrotic enteritis
Authors: Heidarpanah Sara , Thibodeau Alexandre , Parreira Valeria R. , Quessy Sylvain , Segura Mariela , Meniaï Ilhem , Gottschalk Marcelo , Gaudreau Annie , Juette Tristan , Gaucher Marie-Lou
Published: March 2023

Since the ban or reduction on the use of antibiotic growth promoters (AGPs) in commercial broiler chickens in many countries, avian necrotic enteritis (NE) caused by Clostridium perfringens has re-emerged as one of the biggest threats for the poultry industry worldwide. While the toolbox for controlling NE in the absence of antibiotics consists of a limited number of alternatives for which the overall effectiveness has yet proven to be suboptimal, an effective vaccine would represent the best control strategy for this often-deadly disease. Using a comparative and subtractive reverse vaccinology approach, we previously identified 14 putative antigenic proteins unique to NE-causing strains of C. perfringens. In the current work, the in silico findings were confirmed by PCR and sequencing, and five vaccine candidate proteins were produced and purified subsequently. Among them, two candidates were hypothetical proteins, two candidates were prepilin proteins which are predicted to form the subunits of a pilus structure, and one candidate was a non-heme iron protein. Western blotting and ELISA results showed that immunization of broiler chickens with five of these proteins raised antibodies which can specifically recognize both the recombinant and native forms of the protein in pathogenic C. perfringens.
Optical imaging of the small intestine immune compartment across scales
Authors: Planchette Arielle Louise , Schmidt Cédric , Burri Olivier , Gomez de Agüero Mercedes , Radenovic Aleksandra , Mylonas Alessio , Extermann Jérôme
Published: March 2023

The limitations of 2D microscopy constrain our ability to observe and understand tissue-wide networks that are, by nature, 3-dimensional. Optical projection tomography (OPT) enables the acquisition of large volumes (ranging from micrometres to centimetres) in various tissues. We present a multi-modal workflow for the characterization of both structural and quantitative parameters of the mouse small intestine. As proof of principle, we evidence its applicability for imaging the mouse intestinal immune compartment and surrounding mucosal structures. We quantify the volumetric size and spatial distribution of Isolated Lymphoid Follicles (ILFs) and quantify the density of villi throughout centimetre-long segments of intestine. Furthermore, we exhibit the age and microbiota dependence for ILF development, and leverage a technique that we call reverse-OPT for identifying and homing in on regions of interest. Several quantification capabilities are displayed, including villous density in the autofluorescent channel and the size and spatial distribution of the signal of interest at millimetre-scale volumes. The concatenation of 3D imaging with reverse-OPT and high-resolution 2D imaging allows accurate localisation of ROIs and adds value to interpretations made in 3D. Importantly, OPT may be used to identify sparsely-distributed regions of interest in large volumes whilst retaining compatibility with high-resolution microscopy modalities, including confocal microscopy. We believe this pipeline to be approachable for a wide-range of specialties, and to provide a new method for characterisation of the mouse intestinal immune compartment.
Deep genomic characterization highlights complexities and prognostic markers of pediatric acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Cheng Chi-Keung , Yung Yuk-Lin , Chan Hoi-Yun , Leung Kam-Tong , Chan Kathy Y. Y. , Leung Alex W. K. , Cheng Frankie W. T. , Li Chi-Kong , Wan Thomas S. K. , Luo Xi , Pitts Herbert-Augustus , Cheung Joyce S. , Chan Natalie P. H. , Ng Margaret H. L.
Published: March 2023

Pediatric acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is an uncommon but aggressive hematological malignancy. The poor outcome is attributed to inadequate prognostic classification and limited treatment options. A thorough understanding on the genetic basis of pediatric AML is important for the development of effective approaches to improve outcomes. Here, by comprehensively profiling fusion genes as well as mutations and copy number changes of 141 myeloid-related genes in 147 pediatric AML patients with subsequent variant functional characterization, we unveil complex mutational patterns of biological relevance and disease mechanisms includingMYCderegulation. Also, our findings highlightTP53alterations as strong adverse prognostic markers in pediatric AML and suggest the core spindle checkpoint kinase BUB1B as a selective dependency in this aggressive subgroup. Collectively, our present study provides detailed genomic characterization revealing not only complexities and mechanistic insights into pediatric AML but also significant risk stratification and therapeutic strategies to tackle the disease.
Motility-induced phase separation is reentrant
Authors: Su Jie , Feng Mengkai , Du Yunfei , Jiang Huijun , Hou Zhonghuai
Published: March 2023

Active Brownian particles (ABPs) with pure repulsion is an ideal model to understand the effect of nonequilibrium on collective behaviors. It has long been established that activity can create effective attractions leading to motility-induced phase separation (MIPS), whose role is similar to that of (inverse) temperature in the simplest equilibrium system with attractive inter-particle interactions. Here, we report that activity can lead to a counterintuitive reentrant MIPS, which is completely different from the phase behavior of equilibrium systems, shown by both simulations and theory. Our theoretical analysis based on a kinetic theory of MIPS shows that an additional term of activity-induced nonequilibrium vaporization is able to hinder the formation of dense phase when activity is large enough. Such effect along with the activity-induced effective attraction thus lead to the MIPS reentrance. Numerical simulations verify this nonequilibrium effect induced solely by activity on phase behaviors of ABPs, and further demonstrate the dependence of MIPS on activity and the strength of inter-particle interaction predicted by our theoretical analysis. Our findings highlight the particular role played by the nonequilibrium nature of activity on phase behaviors of active systems, which may inspire deep insights into the essential difference between equilibrium and nonequilibrium systems.
Emergence of synchronised rotations in dense active matter with disorder
Authors: Vahabli Danial , Vicsek Tamas
Published: March 2023

Aligning active units ranging from bacteria through animals to drones often are subject to moving in a random environment; however, its influence on the emerging flows is still far from fully explored. For obtaining further insight, we consider a simple model of active particles moving in the presence of randomly distributed obstacles, representing quenched noise in two dimensions. Here we show that our model leads to rich behaviours that are less straightforwardly accessible by experiments or analytic calculations but are likely to be inherent to the underlying kinetics. We find a series of symmetry-breaking states despite the applied disorder being isotropic. For increasing obstacle densities, the system changes its collective motion patterns from (i) directed flow (ii) through a mixed state of locally directed or locally rotating flow to (iii) a globally synchronised rotating state, thereby the system violating overall chiral symmetry. Phase (iii) crosses over to a state (iv) in which clusters of locally synchronised rotations are observed. We find that if both present, quenched rather than shot noise dominates the behaviours, a feature to be considered in future related works.
An agroecological structure model of compost—soil—plant interactions for sustainable organic farming
Authors: Miyamoto Hirokuni , Shigeta Katsumi , Suda Wataru , Ichihashi Yasunori , Nihei Naoto , Matsuura Makiko , Tsuboi Arisa , Tominaga Naoki , Aono Masahiko , Sato Muneo , Taguchi Shunya , Nakaguma Teruno , Tsuji Naoko , Ishii Chitose , Matsushita Teruo , Shindo Chie , Ito Toshiaki , Kato Tamotsu , Kurotani Atsushi , Shima Hideaki , Moriya Shigeharu , Wada Satoshi , Horiuchi Sankichi , Satoh Takashi , Mori Kenichi , Nishiuchi Takumi , Miyamoto Hisashi , Kodama Hiroaki , Hattori Masahira , Ohno Hiroshi , Kikuchi Jun , Hirai Masami Yokota
Published: March 2023

Compost is used worldwide as a soil conditioner for crops, but its functions have still been explored. Here, the omics profiles of carrots were investigated, as a root vegetable plant model, in a field amended with compost fermented with thermophilic Bacillaceae for growth and quality indices. Exposure to compost significantly increased the productivity, antioxidant activity, color, and taste of the carrot root and altered the soil bacterial composition with the levels of characteristic metabolites of the leaf, root, and soil. Based on the data, structural equation modeling (SEM) estimated that amino acids, antioxidant activity, flavonoids and/or carotenoids in plants were optimally linked by exposure to compost. The SEM of the soil estimated that the genus Paenibacillus and nitrogen compounds were optimally involved during exposure. These estimates did not show a contradiction between the whole genomic analysis of compost-derived Paenibacillus isolates and the bioactivity data, inferring the presence of a complex cascade of plant growth-promoting effects and modulation of the nitrogen cycle by the compost itself. These observations have provided information on the qualitative indicators of compost in complex soil-plant interactions and offer a new perspective for chemically independent sustainable agriculture through the efficient use of natural nitrogen.
A neural network potential with rigorous treatment of long-range dispersion
Authors: Tu Nguyen Thien Phuc , Rezajooei Nazanin , Johnson Erin R. , Rowley Christopher N.
Published: March 2023

MLXDM: Machine Learned eXchange-hole Dipole Moment dispersion correction for Neural Network Potentials.
Administration methods of lipid-based nanoparticle delivery systems for cancer treatment
Authors: Lu Yixuan , Pan Xiaoman , Nie Qian , Zhou Zekun , Dai Xiaohan , Liu Ousheng
Published: March 2023

This article focuses on the different administration methods of lipid-based nanoparticles in cancer treatment.
Ultrahigh output charge density achieved by charge trapping failure of dielectric polymers
Authors: Wu Huiyuan , Wang Jian , He Wencong , Shan Chuncai , Fu Shaoke , Li Gui , Zhao Qionghua , Liu Wenlin , Hu Chenguo
Published: March 2023

The charge trapping failure effect ensures that the actual output efficiency of a charge excitation-triboelectric nanogenerator (CE-TENG) reaches 100%, and thus achieves a record-high charge density of 4.13 mC m−2.
Pickering emulsions stabilized with a spirulina protein–chitosan complex for astaxanthin delivery
Authors: Liu Ronggang , Li Yu , Zhou Chengfu , Tan Mingqian
Published: March 2023

Preparation of spirulina–chitosan complex-stabilized Pickering emulsions and encapsulation of astaxanthin.
Enhancing memristor fundamentals through instrumental characterization and understanding reliability issues
Authors: Qin Fei , Zhang Yuxuan , Song Han Wook , Lee Sunghwan
Published: March 2023

A memristor is a promising synaptic device for neuromorphic computing. This review article encompasses various instrumental characterization methods which enhance a fundamental understanding of the switching and reliability mechanisms of memristors.
Small-molecule inhibitors of bacterial-producing metallo-β-lactamases: insights into their resistance mechanisms and biochemical analyses of their activities
Authors: Ayipo Yusuf Oloruntoyin , Chong Chien Fung , Mordi Mohd Nizam
Published: March 2023

Mechanisms by which Enterobacteriaceae develop resistance against antibiotics including the production of metallo-β-lactamases and inhibitory effects of small-molecules on these enzymes.
A highly sensitive friction-imaging device based on cascading stimuli responsiveness
Authors: Shioda Nano , Kobayashi Ryotaro , Katsura Seiichiro , Imai Hiroaki , Fujii Syuji , Oaki Yuya
Published: March 2023

Weak friction forces in the range of 0.006–0.080 N locally applied on mm-to-cm scales are visualized and colorimetrically quantified by the cascading responses using a device combining a stimuli responsive capsule, a conjugated polymer, and a substrate.
A 3D multistage information encryption platform with self-erasure function based on a synergistically shape-deformable and AIE fluorescence-tunable hydrogel
Authors: Yang Caixia , Xiao Hangxiang , Tang Li , Luo Zichen , Luo Ying , Zhou Ningbo , Liang Enxiang , Wang Guoxiang , Tang Jianxin
Published: March 2023

A facile strategy to fabricate an advanced AIE fluorescence-based information encryption platform with self-erasure ability by combining the shape and fluorescence change of the TPE3N3+-hydrogel/PAA-hydrogel bilayer hydrogel was demonstrated.
Switching ultra-stretchability and sensitivity in metal films for electronic skins: a pufferfish-inspired, interlayer regulation strategy
Authors: Sun Tianming , Feng Bin , Huo Jinpeng , Xiao Yu , Peng Jin , Li Zehua , Wang Wengan , Liu Lei , Zou Guisheng , Wang Wenxian
Published: March 2023

A pufferfish-inspired, interlayer regulation strategy is proposed to endow common metal films with either ultra-stretchability (295% strain) or sensitivity (maximum GF: ∼5500) on demand, which is vital for advancing metal film-based electronic skins.
Edible cellulose-based colorimetric timer
Authors: Kamita Gen , Vignolini Silvia , Dumanli Ahu Gümrah
Published: March 2023

A biocompatible and edible colorimetric timer is obtained by exploiting the dynamic colour changes of the cholesteric liquid crystalline mesophases of hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC) in aqueous suspensions.
Interface coupling in Au-supported MoS2–WS2 heterobilayers grown by pulsed laser deposition
Authors: D'Agosta Paolo , Tumino Francesco , Russo Valeria , Li Bassi Andrea , Casari Carlo S.
Published: March 2023

Epitaxial growth of MoS2–WS2 heterobilayers monitored by scanning tunneling microscopy with insight into interface effects provided by Raman spectroscopy.
Metal ion endogenous cycles of CoFe2O4−x induced boosted photocatalytic/PMS degradation toward polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
Authors: Bai Xiaojuan , Song Wei , Ling Xuan , Guo Linlong , Hao Derek , Zhang Xiao
Published: March 2023

The graphical abstract illustrates the mechanism of action of cobalt ferrites with oxygen-rich vacancies on PAH contaminants.
Synthesis and applications of the sulfur containing analogues of cyclic carbonates
Authors: Díez-Poza Carlos , Álvarez-Miguel Lucía , Mosquera Marta E. G. , Whiteoak Christopher J.
Published: March 2023

This review highlights routes for the synthesis of both five- and six-membered cyclic thiocarbonates and presents examples of their reactivities/applications.
Structural confinement-induced highly efficient deep-red emission and negative thermal quenching performance in Mn4+-activated Ca7Mg2Ga6−yAlyO18:Mn4+ phosphors
Authors: Huang Jinmei , Jiang Pengfei , Cheng Zien , Wang Rong , Cong Rihong , Yang Tao
Published: March 2023

Extraordinarily high quantum efficiency and abnormal negative thermal quenching were simultaneously achieved in oxide phosphors Ca7Mg2Ga6−yAlyO18:Mn4+ by structurally confining Mn4+-emitters at isolated octahedral sites.
Hydrophobic pockets built in polymer micelles enhance the reactivity of Cu2+ions
Authors: Wei Zichao , Liu Chung-Hao , Luo Qiang , Thanneeru Srinivas , Angeles-Boza Alfredo M. , Nieh Mu-Ping , He Jie
Published: March 2023

We report the hydrophobicity-enhanced reactivity of Cu2+ions as an ester hydrolase.
Sponge-like macroporous cyclodextrin-based cryogels for controlled drug delivery
Authors: Zagni Chiara , Coco Alessandro , Mecca Tommaso , Curcuruto Giusy , Patamia Vincenzo , Mangano Katia , Rescifina Antonio , Carroccio Sabrina Carola
Published: March 2023

New drug delivery systems for wound healing applications based on α/β/γ-cyclodextrin (α/β/γ-CD) acrylic (A) and styrenic (S) monomers have been synthesized and co-polymerized with 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) via a cryo-polymerization technique.
The polar and nonpolar interfaces influenced of magnetism in LaMnO3-based superlattices
Authors: Zhou Guowei , Li Zhilan , Dou Jiarui , Ji Huihui , Kang Penghua , Shen Yufan , Wang Siqi , Xu Xiaohong
Published: March 2023

The interface of perovskite heterostructures has been shown to exhibit various electronic and magnetic phases such as two-dimensional electron gas, magnetism, superconductivity, and electronic phase separation
Direct conversion of methane to value-added hydrocarbons using hybrid catalysts of Ni/Al2O3 and K–Co/Al2O3
Authors: Sukprom Thitiwut , Somchuea Pooripong , Sringam Sarannuch , Witoon Thongthai , Chareonpanich Metta , Iamprasertkun Pawin , Faungnawakij Kajornsak , Rupprechter Günther , Seubsai Anusorn
Published: March 2023

A hybrid catalyst (Ni/Al2O3 and K–Co/Al2O3) is studied for CH4 conversion to C2+. The hybrid catalyst works effectively at a relatively low temperature (490 °C).
A donor-supported silavinylidene and silylium ylides: boroles as a flexible platform for versatile Si(ii) chemistry
Authors: Sarcevic Julijan , Heitkemper Tobias , Ruth Paul Niklas , Naß Leonard , Kubis Maximilian , Stalke Dietmar , Sindlinger Christian P.
Published: March 2023

Boroles react with a nucleophilic silylene to give silylium ylides or bicyclic sila-borabicyclo[2.1.1]hex-2-ene. Reduction either affords clusters of Si(ii) or a donor-supported silavinylidene, which can be subsequently converted into the former.
Multi-dynamics and emission tailored fluoroperovskite-based down-conversion phosphors for enhancing the current density and stability of the perovskite solar cells
Authors: Kunka Ravindran Acchutharaman , Ramesh Joel Kingston , Narendhiran Santhosh , Arumugam Raja , Muthu Senthil Pandian , Perumalsamy Ramasamy
Published: March 2023

In this study, a successful attempt to drive the limit of photocurrent density (Jsc) beyond the typical values for conventional PSCs is carried out. This was achieved by using a nonlinear optical phenomenon called down-conversion (DC).
3-D rotation tracking from 2-D images of spherical colloids with textured surfaces
Authors: Niggel Vincent , Bailey Maximilian R. , van Baalen Carolina , Zosso Nino , Isa Lucio
Published: March 2023

Tracking the three-dimensional rotation of colloidal particles can help to answer many open questions, e.g. concerning the contact interactions between particles under flow, or the way in which obstacles and neighboring particles affect self-propulsion in active suspensions.
Tuning properties of biocatalysis using protein cage architectures
Authors: Wang Yang , Douglas Trevor
Published: March 2023

The properties of biocatalysis can be tuned by encapsulation of enzymes inside protein cages, which alters enzyme behaviors, substrate access and product release, and efficiency of cascade reactions.
Fast fabrication of SnTe via a non-equilibrium method and enhanced thermoelectric properties by medium-entropy engineering
Authors: Su Haojian , Han Yemao , Xie Liancheng , Jiang Mingyue , Wang Zekun , Miao Zhicong , Liu Guoqiang , Zhou Min , Huang Rongjin , Li Laifeng
Published: March 2023

SnTe thermoelectric materials with low lattice thermal conductivity were synthesized by a self-propagating method under high-gravity field.
Broadband near-perfect optical absorbers fabricated with complete spherical platinum shells with and without induced symmetry broken cracks using a simple colloidal route
Authors: Liu Xiaoyu , Fu Ming , Guo Zhengjie , Li Caixia , Wu Zheli , He Dawei , Wang Yongsheng
Published: March 2023

Broadband perfect absorbers with an average absorptivity of 96.2% in the 200–1500 nm are proposed. Complete spherical Pt shells with induced cracks are fabricated from monolayer microspheres along with heating using conformal oxide and metal coating.
The life cycle land use of natural gas-fired electricity in the US Western interconnection
Authors: Dai Tao , Valanarasu Jeya Maria Jose , Patel Vishal M. , Jordaan Sarah M.
Published: March 2023

Land presents a critical yet often overlooked constraint to energy development.
Item Response Theory Modeling of the Verb Naming Test
Authors: Fergadiotis Gerasimos , Casilio Marianne , Dickey Michael Walsh , Steel Stacey , Nicholson Hannele , Fleegle Mikala , Swiderski Alexander , Hula William D.
Published: March 2023

Purpose:

Item response theory (IRT) is a modern psychometric framework with several advantageous properties as compared with classical test theory. IRT has been successfully used to model performance on anomia tests in individuals with aphasia; however, all efforts to date have focused on noun production accuracy. The purpose of this study is to evaluate whether the Verb Naming Test (VNT), a prominent test of action naming, can be successfully modeled under IRT and evaluate its reliability.

Method:

We used responses on the VNT from 107 individuals with chronic aphasia from AphasiaBank. Unidimensionality and local independence, two assumptions prerequisite to IRT modeling, were evaluated using factor analysis and Yen's
Q
3
statistic (Yen, 1984), respectively. The assumption of equal discrimination among test items was evaluated statistically via nested model comparisons and practically by using correlations of resulting IRT-derived scores. Finally, internal consistency, marginal and empirical reliability, and conditional reliability were evaluated.

Results:

The VNT was found to be sufficiently unidimensional with the majority of item pairs demonstrating adequate local independence. An IRT model in which item discriminations are constrained to be equal demonstrated fit equivalent to a model in which unique discrimination parameters were estimated for each item. All forms of reliability were strong across the majority of IRT ability estimates.

Conclusions:

Modeling the VNT using IRT is feasible, yielding ability estimates that are both informative and reliable. Future efforts are needed to quantify the validity of the VNT under IRT and determine the extent to which it measures the same construct as other anomia tests.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.22329235
Finite element modeling of thin-walled shell composite structures
Authors: Dimitrienko Y. , Yurin Yu. , Bogdanov I. , Maremshaova A.
Published: March 2023

An algorithm for solving the problem of elasticity theory for composite thin-walled shell composite structures with junction lines is proposed. The SMCM software was created based on the finite element method and the developed algorithm. A test problem was solved for a composite shell structural element of the box-plate type docked with 4 other plates. A comparative analysis of the obtained results was carried out with the reference solution of the three-dimensional elasticity problem in the ANSYS software, as well as with the two-dimensional shell solution of the ANSYS software. SMCM PC allows obtaining results that are closer to a three-dimensional solution.
Retracted Article: Parameter selection of hydraulic jack for repair of oil tanks in the Far North conditions
Authors: Scherbakov Alexander , Shlychkov Dmitriy , Deniskin Yury
Published: March 2023

This paper has been formally retracted on ethical grounds because the article contains
extensive and repeated instances of plagiarism. The authors are responsible for this
mistake and apologise for it. Request approved by the proceedings Editor and the
Publisher on September 13, 2023.
Evaluation of optimal grain hardening modes to increase fatigue resistance of parts made of high-strength steels
Authors: Kravchenko Georgy , Kravchenko Konstantin , Smolyaninov Andrey , Lapteva Svetlana
Published: March 2023

Recommendations on the choice of optimal modes of shot blasting hardening of steel 30HGSN2A (30XГCH2A) according to the criterion of cyclic durability are given. On the basis of experimental studies of the influence of technological parameters and properties of the surface layer, a generalized technological parameter was proposed, including the values of the diameter of the shot and its velocity at 98% coverage of the surface of the part with 4-6 times fraction prints.
Development of rural tourism in the regions of Russia as a factor of sustainable development of rural areas
Authors: Stepanova Elina , Rozkova Alena , Yushkova Lyudmila , Balisheva Maria
Published: March 2023

Tourism is one of the most multifaceted and rapidly developing fields of activity, which requires constant improvement and modernization. In the context of scientific and technological progress, tourism, as an area affecting many different industries, serves as a serious factor in the economic and socio-cultural development of territories. There is a need to bring Russian tourism in line with modern global trends, to increase its competitiveness in the market of tourist services. The Russian Federation has enormous opportunities for the development of large-scale tourism activities. According to the Strategy of Tourism Development in the Russian Federation until 2035, the main goal is the comprehensive development of key competitive advantages of tourism development in the Russian Federation due to the presence of many points of attraction for Russian and inbound tourists. Due to the large number of monuments of cultural, historical and natural heritage, there are prospects for development in Russia for almost any type of tourism. In this situation, agricultural tourism is of particular importance as one of the most important factors of sustainable development of rural areas. For the sustainable development of the region's economy, permanent sources of financing are needed, which can be obtained, among other things, from the development of agritourism. Thus, it is necessary to carry out activities in the region aimed not only at creating an accessible and comfortable tourist environment, but also to develop priority areas of tourist activity in rural areas.
Localization of car engine noise sources
Authors: Deryabin Igor
Published: March 2023

The engine of a vehicle, particularly a passenger car, is one of the main sources of noise radiated into the environment and creates a noise load in residential areas, which has a negative impact on people. Experts in the field of acoustics perform computational and experimental acoustic studies both at the design stage, and at the stage of putting into production and directly operating the engine as part of the car to reduce engine noise. An important stage of acoustic research is the localization of the most intensely radiating noise of systems, mechanisms, nodes and engine parts. The article presents the results of experimental studies on localization of internal combustion engine noise sources of a LADA car.
Development of a method for evaluation of the efficiency of the coordinated type of management as referred to main streets
Authors: Dorokhin Sergei , Ivannikov Valery , Likhachev Dmitry , Artemov Alexander
Published: March 2023

The use of coordinated management is a justified measure for the organization of traffic on regulated main streets, especially with high loads on the road network, in cases where the intensity of traffic flow is approaching the value of capacity. These "peak" loads have a negative impact on the characteristics of the traffic flow, but these loads are not always characteristic of controlled main streets, and the introduction of coordinated management with such types of loads – "not peak" should be justified and appropriate. The existing criteria for entering the coordination of the main street do not allow us to assess the feasibility of using this type of control with low loads on the street and road network. In order to assess the effectiveness of the use of coordinated management of the main street at low load levels, within the framework of this article, an analysis of existing methods for evaluating the effectiveness of the type of management in question was carried out, a full-scale study of the main street was conducted. Voronezh and the simulation of the site under consideration was carried out with and without coordination, the results were evaluated, conclusions were formulated and directions for further research were determined.