bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Growing Memories: Coaching mothers in elaborative reminiscing with toddlers benefits adolescents' turning‐point narratives and wellbeing
Authors: Mitchell Claire , Reese Elaine
Published: January 2022

Introduction

Parental elaborative reminiscing supports young children's autobiographical memory, narrative, and socioemotional skills.

Objective

This study is an adolescent follow‐up of a reminiscing intervention in which 115 primary‐caregiver mothers of toddlers were randomly assigned to a control group (n = 59) or to receive training in elaborative reminiscing (n = 56) for the next year.

Method

At age 15, 93 of the now‐adolescents (81%) were invited to narrate a turning point in their lives and to report on their personality traits and well‐being. Turning‐point narratives were coded for causal coherence (connections between past events and present self) and thematic coherence (elaboration and resolutions).

Results

Adolescents whose mothers were in the intervention group told more causally coherent turning‐point narratives and reported fewer emotional problems than control participants, covarying for baseline measures and personality traits.

Conclusion

Maternal elaborative reminiscing in early childhood appears to have long‐term benefits for adolescents' causal coherence in turning‐point narratives and well‐being.
Old age or dependence: Which social insurance?
Authors: Nishimura Yukihiro , Pestieau Pierre
Published: January 2022

In recent decades, there has been an increase in life expectancy and a rapid increase of the very senior dependency ratio in developed countries. In this context, we examine the optimal levels of public pensions and public long‐term care (LTC) insurance. According to the most reasonable estimates of correlations among individual incomes, risks of mortality and dependency, we show that it is always desirable for a utilitarian social planner to have a balanced budget increase in LTC benefits at the expense of public pension benefits, until the cost of LTC is fully covered. This is true with or without liquidity constraints. For a Rawlsian planner, the balance between the two schemes depends on a comparison of the ratio of the survival probability to the dependence risk of the poor with its population average.
Combined surgical and medical management of a cat with gastrinoma
Authors: Myers‐Nodes J. , Mazepa A. S. W.
Published: January 2022

Gastrinomas are gastrin‐secreting pancreatic tumours rarely diagnosed in cats. A 12‐year‐old female spayed cat was presented for vomiting, anorexia and weight loss. Physical exam revealed lethargy, dehydration and thin body condition. Pertinent laboratory abnormalities included a mild mature neutrophilia and borderline hypoalbuminaemia. Imaging of the abdomen revealed a mass‐like change to the proximal duodenum. Exploratory laparotomy was performed, and the duodenal mass along with a 3‐mm pancreatic nodule was removed. Immunohistochemical staining of the pancreatic nodule confirmed a gastrinoma. Following surgery, treatment was initiated with omeprazole and toceranib. Toceranib was discontinued after 8 weeks due to hyporexia. The patient was continued on omeprazole long term and has survived more than 35 months since diagnosis. Little information regarding treatment and prognosis for feline gastrinomas is available. In this case report, long‐term survival was achieved with a combined surgical and medical approach using omeprazole and toceranib.
Johansen‐type cointegration tests with a Fourier function
Authors: Pascalau Razvan , Lee Junsoo , Nazlioglu Saban , Lu Yan (Olivia)
Published: January 2022

This article extends the pioneering Johansen cointegration test to allow for structural breaks in a cointegration system. Instead of using usual dummy variables, we utilize a Fourier function to control for an unknown number of multiple breaks in the cointegration system. The underlying presumption of the procedure is that structural breaks often can be captured by using a small number of low‐frequency components from a Fourier approximation. The number of parameters to estimate is reduced significantly, which can lead to a good performance of the tests. Monte Carlo simulations show that the new tests display good size and power properties, except for the cases of sharp breaks. Then, we consider a strategy using a union of rejections. The union test combines our suggested test with a test of the cointegration rank in VAR models in the presence of a possible break in trend at an unknown point. We further consider a procedure that selects a better model using a Schwarz‐type criterion among Johansen, trend break‐point, and Fourier models. The resulting test shows fairly correct sizes in all cases, including sharp breaks, smooth breaks, and no breaks. The power properties are also reasonable in almost all cases.
A non‐parametric test for multi‐variate trend functions
Authors: Zhang Erhua , Song Xiaojun , Wu Jilin
Published: January 2022

We propose a consistent non‐parametric test for the correct specification of parametric trend functions in multi‐variate time series. The new test takes the form of the U‐statistic and is robust to serial and cross‐sectional dependence and time‐varying variances in error terms. The test statistic is shown to have a limiting standard normal distribution under the null and diverge to infinity under the alternative. Thus the test is consistent against any fixed alternative. The test is also shown to have non‐trivial asymptotic power against two classes of local alternatives approaching the null at different rates. A set of simulations is conducted to evaluate the finite‐sample performance of the test.
Legal barriers to the implementation of digital industry (Industry 4.0) components and ways to overcome them
Authors: Gromova Elizaveta A. , Koneva Natalia S. , Titova Elena V.
Published: January 2022

The creation and implementation of competitive digital technologies is an important task for every state striving for global political and economic leadership. Today, the issue of creating and implementing components of the digital industry (Industry 4.0), the use of which can significantly affect the development of industrial production of the state, is especially relevant. At the same time, solving this problem is extremely difficult due to the need to overcome some barriers that hinder the development of the digital industry (Industry 4.0). Among these, legal barriers pose a major problem. The purpose of the article was to identify the key legal barriers to the implementation of the components of the digital industry (Industry 4.0) and choose the best ways to overcome them. The methods that formed the basis of the study were a comparative legal analysis of the current domestic and foreign legislation, as well as scientific literature on the digital industry, its components, barriers that hinder their development and tools to overcome them, as well as a systemic method and method of legal modeling. As a result of the study, the authors identified the key legal barriers to creating and implementing components of the digital industry (Industry 4.0). To overcome them, the authors propose to use legal instruments, the complex application of which will contribute to the improvement of the current legislation in the field of digital technologies creation, the attraction of investments in their creation and implementation, as well as ensuring the digital sovereignty of the country.
Men suffering from category III chronic prostatitis may benefit from N‐acetylcysteine as an adjunct to alpha‐blockers
Authors: Yaryari Amir‐mohammad , Mousavibahar Seyed Habibollah , Amirhassani Shahriar , Bagheri Maryam , Mohammadi Younes , Mehrpooya Maryam
Published: January 2022

Objective

We designed this study to investigate the potential use of N‐acetylcysteine (NAC) as an adjunct to alpha‐blockers in the treatment of category III chronic prostatitis (CP).

Methods

Sixty‐three men with category III CP with a National Institutes of Health Chronic Prostatitis Symptom Index (NIH‐CPSI) total score of 15 or more were randomized to either the NAC treatment group or the placebo treatment group. Besides tamsulosin at a dose of 0.4 mg once daily, participants based on their allocation group received NAC or placebo at a dose of 600 mg twice daily for 12 weeks. The efficacy of the medications was assessed by measuring changes in the NIH‐CPSI total score and its subscales, including pain, urinary symptoms, and quality of life.

Results

Based on the general linear model analysis of the data, over the 12‐week treatment, NAC+tamsulosin was statistically superior to placebo+tamsulosin in reducing the total NIH‐CPSI score, pain subscore, and quality‐of‐life subscore (P value <.001). Further, after 12 weeks, more patients in the NAC+tamsulosin group than in the placebo+tamsulosin group met the responder criterion, defined as a decrease of at least 6 points in the NIH‐CPSI total score (65.6% vs 29.0%). A more favorable outcome was also noted in the NAC+tamsulosin group regarding the number of patients reporting moderate or marked improvement in symptoms (62.5% vs 25.80%). No significant difference was seen between the groups concerning changes in urinary symptoms.

Conclusions

Our study provided clinical evidence that men with category III CP might benefit from NAC treatment. Further studies are needed for the validation of these findings.
Origin and expansion of the world’s most widespread pinniped: Range‐wide population genomics of the harbour seal (Phoca vitulina)
Authors: Liu Xiaodong , Rønhøj Schjøtt Suzanne , Granquist Sandra M. , Rosing‐Asvid Aqqalu , Dietz Rune , Teilmann Jonas , Galatius Anders , Cammen Kristina , O’Corry‐Crowe Greg , Harding Karin , Härkönen Tero , Hall Ailsa , Carroll Emma L. , Kobayashi Yumi , Hammill Mike , Stenson Garry , Kirstine Frie Anne , Lydersen Christian , Kovacs Kit M. , Andersen Liselotte W. , Hoffman Joseph I. , Goodman Simon J. , Vieira Filipe G. , Heller Rasmus , Moltke Ida , Tange Olsen Morten
Published: January 2022

The harbour seal (Phoca vitulina) is the most widely distributed pinniped, occupying a wide variety of habitats and climatic zones across the Northern Hemisphere. Intriguingly, the harbour seal is also one of the most philopatric seals, raising questions as to how it colonized its current range. To shed light on the origin, remarkable range expansion, population structure and genetic diversity of this species, we used genotyping‐by‐sequencing to analyse ~13,500 biallelic single nucleotide polymorphisms from 286 individuals sampled from 22 localities across the species’ range. Our results point to a Northeast Pacific origin of the harbour seal, colonization of the North Atlantic via the Canadian Arctic, and subsequent stepping‐stone range expansions across the North Atlantic from North America to Europe, accompanied by a successive loss of genetic diversity. Our analyses further revealed a deep divergence between modern North Pacific and North Atlantic harbour seals, with finer‐scale genetic structure at regional and local scales consistent with strong philopatry. The study provides new insights into the harbour seal's remarkable ability to colonize and adapt to a wide range of habitats. Furthermore, it has implications for current harbour seal subspecies delineations and highlights the need for international and national red lists and management plans to ensure the protection of genetically and demographically isolated populations.
The complex Tup1‐Cyc8 bridges transcription factor ClrB and putative histone methyltransferase LaeA to activate the expression of cellulolytic genes
Authors: Zhang Xiujun , Hu Yueyan , Liu Guodong , Liu Meng , Li Zhonghai , Zhao Jian , Song Xin , Zhong Yaohua , Qu Yinbo , Wang Lushan , Qin Yuqi
Published: January 2022

The degradation of lignocellulosic biomass by cellulolytic enzymes is involved in the global carbon cycle. The hydrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass into fermentable sugars is potential as an excellent industrial resource to produce a variety of chemical products. The production of cellulolytic enzymes is regulated mainly at the transcriptional level in filamentous fungi. Transcription factor ClrB and the putative histone methyltransferase LaeA, are both necessary for the expression of cellulolytic genes. However, the mechanism by which transcription factors and methyltransferase coordinately regulate cellulolytic genes is still unknown. Here, we reveal a transcriptional regulatory mechanism involving Penicillium oxalicum transcription factor ClrB (PoClrB), complex Tup1‐Cyc8, and putative histone methyltransferase LaeA (PoLaeA). As the transcription factor, PoClrB binds the targeted promoters of cellulolytic genes, recruits PoTup1‐Cyc8 complex via direct interaction with PoTup1. PoTup1 interacts with PoCyc8 to form the coactivator complex PoTup1‐Cyc8. Then, PoTup1 recruits putative histone methyltransferase PoLaeA to modify the chromatin structure of the upstream region of cellulolytic genes, thereby facilitating the binding of transcription machinery to activating the corresponding cellulolytic gene expression. Our results contribute to a better understanding of complex transcriptional regulation mechanisms of cellulolytic genes and will be valuable for lignocellulosic biorefining.
The effect of age, sex, and resource abundance on patterns of rake markings in resident killer whales (Orcinus orca)
Authors: Grimes Charli , Brent Lauren J. N. , Weiss Michael N. , Franks Daniel W. , Balcomb Kenneth C. , Ellifrit David K. , Ellis Samuel , Croft Darren P.
Published: January 2022

Fluctuations in aggressive behavior of group‐living species can reflect social conflict and competition for resources faced by individuals throughout their lifespan and can negatively impact survival and reproduction. In marine mammals, where social interactions are difficult to observe, tooth rake marks can be used as an indicator of received aggression. Using 38 years of photographic data, we quantified the occurrence of tooth rake marks on wild resident killer whales (Orcinus orca), examining the effects of age, sex, and prey abundance on rake density. Our analysis revealed sex and age effects, with males exhibiting higher rake density than females and rake density declining significantly with age. Contrary to predictions, we observed an increase in rake density across the population as the abundance of their primary food resource, Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha), increased. These results provide indirect evidence of fluctuations in received aggression from conspecifics across the lifespan of an individual, possibly reflecting changes in patterns of social conflict which may be mediated by resource abundance. Our findings highlight the need for further research to examine the fitness consequences of aggression in killer whales and to understand the proximate mechanisms by which resource abundance influences rates of aggression in the population.
Topical sertaconazole during pregnancy and risk of adverse pregnancy outcome and major congenital anomalies: Comparative study in the EFEMERIS database
Authors: Araujo Mélanie , Hurault‐Delarue Caroline , Sommet Agnès , Damase‐Michel Christine , Lacroix Isabelle
Published: January 2022

Introduction

Topical sertaconazole is indicated in the treatment of vaginal or mucocutaneous fungal infections due to Candida and dermatophytosis. To our knowledge, there is no data available in the literature on the potential effects of sertaconazole during pregnancy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential risks of topical sertaconazole use during pregnancy for the foetus and pregnancy.

Materials and methods

The EFEMERIS database was used, which contained medications prescribed and dispensed to pregnant women in the Haute‐Garonne region whose pregnancy ended between July 2004 and December 2018. We compared pregnant women exposed to sertaconazole at least once during pregnancy to unexposed. Crude and adjusted odds ratios (OR) of major congenital anomalies and small gestational age at birth were estimated using logistic regression models. For other outcomes, hazard ratios (HR) were estimated by Cox regression models.

Results

The study included 16,222 pregnant women (15.0%) who were given sertaconazole and 91,976 who were not. Exposure to sertaconazole during pregnancy was not associated with increased risks of any of the investigated outcomes, including natural pregnancy termination (HRa = 0.92 [0.78–1.08]), preterm birth (HRa = 1.06 [0.95–1.17]) and small for gestational age at birth (ORa = 0.78 [0.66–0.92]). No association between risk of major congenital anomalies overall and maternal exposure to sertaconazole during the first trimester was observed (ORa = 1.01 [0.84–1.21]).

Discussion

This is the first study involving a large number of pregnant women to assess the potential risks of sertaconazole during pregnancy. This study does not indicate an increased risk of adverse pregnancy outcome and major congenital anomalies from exposure to topical sertaconazole.
A rare cause of idiopathic right outflow tract premature ventricular contraction: Type‐4 renal tubular acidosis
Authors: Atici Adem , Tatlisu Mustafa Adem , Baycan Omer Faruk , Yılmaz Yusuf , Caliskan Mustafa
Published: January 2022

The premature ventricular contractions (PVCs) have usually good prognosis in patients without structural heart disease. In case of left ventricular ejection fraction depression or symptoms, antiarrhythmic drugs or cardiac ablations could be an option for management. We present a case of a patient with high burden of PVC admitted for cardiac ablation. Preoperative assessment revealed hyperkalemia and metabolic acidosis which ended up with type‐4 renal tubular acidosis (RTA). Its rare cause and management may draw attention to the possibility of type ‐4 RTA as the cause of the PVC, and hyperkalemia.
Plant elicitor peptide signalling confers rice resistance to piercing‐sucking insect herbivores and pathogens
Authors: Shen Wenzhong , Zhang Xue , Liu Jiuer , Tao Kehan , Li Chong , Xiao Shi , Zhang Wenqing , Li Jian‐Feng
Published: January 2022

Rice is a staple food crop worldwide, and its production is severely threatened by phloem‐feeding insect herbivores, particularly the brown planthopper (BPH, Nilaparvata lugens), and destructive pathogens. Despite the identification of many BPH resistance genes, the molecular basis of rice resistance to BPH remains largely unclear. Here, we report that the plant elicitor peptide (Pep) signalling confers rice resistance to BPH. Both rice PEP RECEPTORs (PEPRs) and PRECURSORs of PEP (PROPEPs), particularly OsPROPEP3, were transcriptionally induced in leaf sheaths upon BPH infestation. Knockout of OsPEPRs impaired rice resistance to BPH, whereas exogenous application of OsPep3 improved the resistance. Hormone measurement and co‐profiling of transcriptomics and metabolomics in OsPep3‐treated rice leaf sheaths suggested potential contributions of jasmonic acid biosynthesis, lipid metabolism and phenylpropanoid metabolism to OsPep3‐induced rice immunity. Moreover, OsPep3 elicitation also strengthened rice resistance to the fungal pathogen Magnaporthe oryzae and bacterial pathogen Xanthamonas oryzae pv. oryzae and provoked immune responses in wheat. Collectively, this work demonstrates a previously unappreciated importance of the Pep signalling in plants for combating piercing‐sucking insect herbivores and promises exogenous application of OsPep3 as an eco‐friendly immune stimulator in agriculture for crop protection against a broad spectrum of insect pests and pathogens.
Exchange rate uncertainty and foreign direct investment in Africa: Does financial development matter?
Authors: Asamoah Michael Effah , Alagidede Imhotep Paul , Adu Frank
Published: January 2022

The orthodox view is that uncertainty deters investments and, by extension, private capital inflows. Paying specific attention to the volatility of the domestic exchange rate, foreign direct investment (FDI), and financial development indicators, this study investigates the impact of exchange rate uncertainty on FDI and whether financial development matters in such association. We establish our empirical relationship with a system general methods of moments (GMM) two‐step robust estimator with orthogonal deviations. We found evidence supporting a nonlinear U‐shaped relationship between uncertainty and FDI and that the impact of uncertainty on FDI depends on varying levels of uncertainty. We also document that uncertainty deters FDI flows and that countries with a well‐functioning financial development can transform the adverse impact of volatility on FDI. However, curbing the adverse effect depends on the specific indicator and the threshold value of financial development (financial institutions or financial markets).
RMB misalignment: What does a meta‐analysis tell us?
Authors: Cheung Yin‐Wong , He Shi
Published: January 2022

Using a dataset of 3108 dichotomous renminbi (RMB) misalignment estimates from 95 studies, we conduct a meta‐analysis based on Bayesian model averaging (BMA) to assess the effects of study characteristics on these RMB misalignment estimates. The findings demonstrate that selected study characteristic types systematically influence RMB misalignment estimates, especially time series versus non‐time series approach and co‐integration versus non‐cointegration. Though lean toward RMB undervaluation inference, results from the BMA meta‐analysis and the corresponding median probability model and synthetic practice evaluation do not offer a conclusive statistical inference on RMB misalignment. Specifically, the evidence varies with the configuration of model specification and does not corroborate the RMB undervaluation claim for the periods of “2009–2010” and “2011–2014.”
Physiological levels of 25‐hydroxyvitamin D3 induce a suppressive CD4+ T cell phenotype not reflected in the epigenetic landscape
Authors: Matos Carina , Renner Kathrin , Peuker Alice , Schoenhammer Gabriele , Schreiber Laura , Bruss Christina , Eder Ruediger , Bruns Heiko , Flamann Cindy , Hoffmann Petra , Gebhard Claudia , Herr Wolfgang , Rehli Michael , Peter Katrin , Kreutz Marina
Published: January 2022

1,25‐dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25(OH)2D3), the active metabolite of vitamin D3 has a strong impact on the differentiation and function of immune cells. Here we analysed the influence of its precursor 25‐hydroxyvitamin D3 (25(OH)D3) on the differentiation of human CD4+ T cells applying physiological concentrations in vitro. Our data show that 25(OH)D3 is converted to its active form 1,25(OH)2D3 by T cells, which in turn supports FOXP3, CD25 and CTLA‐4 expression and inhibits IFN‐γ production. These changes were not reflected in the demethylation of the respective promoters. Furthermore, we investigated the impact of vitamin D3 metabolites under induced Treg (iTreg) polarization conditions using TGF‐β. Surprisingly, no additive effect but a decreased percentage of FOXP3 expressing cells was observed. However, the combination of 25(OH)D3 or 1,25(OH)2D3 together with TGF‐β further upregulated CD25 and CTLA‐4 and significantly increased soluble CTLA‐4 and IL‐10 secretion whereas IFN‐γ expression of iTreg was decreased. Our data suggest that physiological levels of 25(OH)D3 act as potent modulator of human CD4+ T cells and autocrine or paracrine production of 1,25(OH)2D3 by T cells might be crucial for the local regulation of an adaptive immune response. However, since no epigenetic changes are detected by 25(OH)D3 a rather transient phenotype is induced.
The novel allele HLA‐DQA1*05:05:10 was detected in a Nigerian who also lacks the DRB5 gene in the DRB1*16 haplotype
Authors: Bradshaw Robert , Dunn Paul
Published: January 2022

One synonymous nucleotide substitution in exon 2 of DQA1*05:05:01:13 results in a novel allele, HLA‐DQA1*05:05:10.
Free trade agreements partnership and value chain linkages: Evidence from China
Authors: Cheng Dazhong , Wang Jian , Xiao Zhiguo
Published: January 2022

As multilateral trade negotiations have lapsed into stalemate, regional economic integration arrangements like free trade agreements (FTAs) are gaining growing prominence. We propose a theory on how a developing country's GVC linkages with partners are affected by partners’ position on the GVCs and the characteristics of the FTAs, and use a large matched data of China's trading partners to validate our hypothesis. We find that there are stronger value chain linkages between China and higher‐income economies, and the degree of mutual value chain dependence rises in line with the partner's development level. The GVC promoting effect of FTA partnership is more pronounced for China's value chain linkages with its higher‐income partners. The results survive various robustness checks and are likely to be informative for other developing countries.
Bi-graded Koszul modules, K3 carpets, and Green's conjecture
Authors: Raicu Claudiu , Sam Steven V
Published: January 2022

We extend the theory of Koszul modules to the bi-graded case, and prove a vanishing theorem that allows us to show that the canonical ribbon conjecture of Bayer and Eisenbud holds over a field of characteristic$0$or at least equal to the Clifford index. Our results confirm a conjecture of Eisenbud and Schreyer regarding the characteristics where the generic statement of Green's conjecture holds. They also recover and extend to positive characteristics the results of Voisin asserting that Green's conjecture holds for generic curves of each gonality.
Anatomy of a Social Crisis and Performance as Protest ritual in Postmodernity: The Chant of the Yellow Vests.
Authors: Domínguez Gustavo
Published: January 2022

Protest has long occurred as an effective communication tool for societies that have suffered from the oppression of their ruling structures. This article therefore aims primarily to analyze the components of the social drama and conflict that gave rise to the citizen mobilizations of the “Gilets jaunes” Yellow Vests in France at the end of 2018 and throughout 2019. In this sense, the ritual dimension is studied, emphasizing the role of performance and its diffusion on social media as fundamental elements of the current activist context. The symbolic object, performative acts such as music and, especially chants, are configured as an indispensable part of citizen mobilizations.

For this analysis, the methodology employed was through the ethnographic observation in situ during the marches on the city of Paris; in addition to the hemerographic review and the netnographic monitoring of the protests after 2018 in other cities of France. Through comparative analysis, these observations were contrasted with a part of the bibliography relevant to the different elements that compose this object of study comprises and with other protests that have had an important broadcasting in the globalized world.

The above confirms the importance given by democratic societies to protest as a form of citizen communication, as well as to its ritual codes. In the French context, La Marseillaise and Le Chant des Partisans stand out for their symbolic and textual load of civil resistance and active opposition to the alienations produced by the governing structures.

Finally, this research aims to offer an approximation of the forms of peaceful resistance in the specific phenomenon of the Yellow Vests, a model that, in a general way, will allow us to study to a certain extent the most relevant cases of protest in recent years. The function of their performative codes, their reception and dissemination on the various platforms that support social networks, whose easy accessibility does not imply the infinite return to nostalgic memory, but a forceful evidence and the clamor for justice.
Cultivar ecologías comunitarias: prácticas artísticas en espacios de lucha y manifestación social
Authors: Escobar Pazos Camilo
Published: January 2022

Vivimos un momento en el cual las ideas de ciudadanía, Estado, mercado y representación han caído en crisis. Por consiguiente, observamos cómo el eslabón vinculante entre el pueblo y sus gobiernos se ha quebrantado. En el estallido social exhortado por el desespero de no poder entrever un futuro digno, se pueden encontrar todo tipo de manifestaciones, que principalmente en los espacios urbanos en ocasiones se articulan a experiencias artísticas y culturales, que de formas descentralizadas se suman a las protestas; estas, no solo emergen como demostraciones del desencanto, la frustración y el colapso sistémico, pues, pese a todo, en su devenir proponen nuevos caminos de construcción social. El artículo reflexiona sobre la operación de prácticas y dispositivos artísticos y culturales que han surgido en la coyuntura actual de las protestas, así como sobre la dimensión política para la transformación que las experiencias analizadas implican. Para este fin, se divide en tres partes: preguntas, respuestas y consideraciones. La primera analiza cuestionamientos planteados en los accionares de las protestas; la segunda evalúa respuestas generadas desde ámbitos institucionales y no institucionales del arte, para lo cual los ejemplos estudiados se categorizan en capacidad de reformular urgencias, alterar paradigmas y metabolizar sus contextos, y la tercera plantea posibilidades sobre cómo las experiencias artísticas y culturales tendrían la capacidad no solo de visualizar, sino también de impulsar la emergencia de nuevas ecologías comunitarias, nuevas formas de reorganizaciones comunes descentralizadas, en virtud del aliento en torno a la labranza de comunidades igualitarias.
Entre la performatividad y la protesta: Barricadas escénicas en las calles de Valparaíso
Authors: Videla Zavala Fabián
Published: January 2022

Este artículo analiza una serie de intervenciones escénicas que efectuadas en espacios públicos tuvieron lugar en los procesos políticos iniciados en Chile desde octubre de 2019, específicamente en Valparaíso, hasta su eventual paralización, por los evidentes problemas asociados a la crisis sanitaria de la covid-19. Nuestro objetivo principal será indagar el modo en que a través de heterogéneas prácticas artísticas y políticas el cuerpo irrumpe en el espacio público. Para ello, se propondrá una noción ampliada del concepto de performatividad que comprenda no solo las performances artísticas, sino también los acontecimientos no convencionalmente artísticos inscritos en el contexto participativo de protesta. En ese sentido, nos referiremos a un conjunto heterogéneo de prácticas como acontecimientos corporales. No se tratará, por tanto, de construir una teoría general de la performance, sino de rastrear este encuentro entre pensamiento y cuerpo. Para desarrollar esta tesis, el artículo comprenderá dos momentos: el primero elaborará una aproximación filosófica a la performance y la protesta, mientras el segundo ahondará en las prácticas en detalle que transcurrieron en Valparaíso: proyectos como Barricadas escénica o Lastesis dejan entrever un pronunciamiento inmediato por parte de las artes performativas respecto del delicado contexto político. Finalmente, describiremos algunos rasgos de reconocimientos en los actos estéticos abordados: más que dar una imagen acabada de ellos, el interés decanta en analizar la coherencia en sus modos de acción y circulación.
Prácticas expresivas del hacer y de la vida cotidiana durante el estallido social en Bogotá en 2021
Authors: Palencia Miguel Angel , Cortés Severino Catalina
Published: January 2022

El presente artículo de reflexión nace de un proyecto de investigación sobre prácticas del cuidado; una tesis de maestría acerca de prácticas artísticas y domésticas y el trabajo del semillero de correspondencias en confinamiento de la facultad de Ciencias Humanas y Artes de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia. Tiene como objetivo situar las prácticas del hacer y de la vida cotidiana como manifestaciones estético/expresivas desde las que ha sido posible pensar formas alternas de hacer resistencia y política en el marco del paro nacional de 2021 en Colombia. La metodología toma la perspectiva del cuidado y los afectos para acercarse desde la experiencia íntima de las autoras a un viaje experiencial sobre las atmósferas e intensidades sentidas durante las movilizaciones y las maneras en que lo expresivo se sitúa en haceres como los de la olla comunitaria, las prácticas diarias del hogar y las seminarios de clases; para con ello, poner en tensión, las relaciones mismas entre público y privado y la relación compleja entre arte y política. En conclusión, pensamos, que el primer ejercicio necesario para comprender las condiciones en que  toma forma un arte subversivo y político requiere volver a pensar la práctica artística y su relación con la vida cotidiana y las formas de hacer y sentir manifiestas a través del cuidado y los afectos; desde allí, retornando a la práctica artística sus cualidades comunitarias, se hace posible, localizar las preguntas sobre cómo lo artístico teje expresividades que sostienen la acción política y su fuerza subversiva. Compartimos, además, para este viaje algunos collages inspirados en este texto realizados por Valentina Arias Rojas, integrante y compañera del semillero.
La protesta social y el levantamiento indígena en octubre de 2019 en Ecuador: análisis de una reorganización del régimen de lo sensible
Authors: Jijón Pamela , Ponce Padilla Gabriela
Published: January 2022

Este artículo analiza la protesta social ocurrida en octubre de 2019 en Ecuador, en particular en Quito. Se parte de la hipótesis de que una protesta responde a la necesidad de parar con el flujo y la afirmación de una lógica establecida para proponer un cambio de rumbo y nuevas formas de vida común. Las acciones estudiadas en el texto desbordan el espacio de lo político y tocan el ámbito de lo creativo por su capacidad de provocar a lo real y desafiar aquello que está instalado como imposibilidad. Las reflexiones se conciben en diálogo con el pensamiento político y estético de Jacques Rancière, así como con el estudio de las imágenes y los levantamientos propuestos por Georges Didi-Huberman. Desde esta perspectiva teórica, se plantea una reflexión sobre las lógicas que se tejieron durante la protesta de octubre que implicaron nuevas formas de visibilidad y de repartición de lo sensible. La estructura general propone, en primer lugar, un análisis sobre la singularidad de la escena de la protesta, de la configuración del espacio y su ocupación. En segundo lugar, se plantea el estudio del régimen representativo y del régimen estético que están en juego durante el levantamiento y que implican una específica repartición de roles. Por último, se analizan las imágenes de la protesta y su identificación como operaciones que permitieron revertir las lógicas y las jerarquías en la repartición política en toda la materialidad que lo performático vitaliza para manifestarse.
La necesidad de una aproximación de género a los daños en la responsabilidad civil extracontractual
Authors: Gatica Rodríguez María Paz
Published: January 2022

El artículo reflexiona sobre la necesidad de adoptar una aproximación de género al derecho de la responsabilidad extracontractual, en particular al elemento del daño. A partir de una revisión de doctrina nacional y extranjera, así como a un estudio exploratorio de la jurisprudencia de los tribunales nacionales, el artículo concluye que el derecho chileno frecuentemente invisibiliza o infravalora ciertos daños que son sufridos exclusiva o mayoritariamente por mujeres, en particular, en el caso de daños vinculados a su salud y autonomía reproductiva, así como en el caso de daños vinculados a su trabajo. Ello ocurre de diversas maneras: ya sea desconociendo la existencia de un daño indemnizable, o adoptando una postura muy estricta frente a otros elementos de la responsabilidad, o bien indemnizando daños patrimoniales a través de la categoría genérica del daño moral. Ello justifica la necesidad de un estudio completo de la materia desde una perspectiva de género.
Life cycle of the tick Ixodes ricinus (L.) (Acari: Ixodidae) in the North-West of Russia
Authors: Grigoryeva Luydmila Anatolyevna , Shatrov A.B.
Published: January 2022

The characters of the life cycle and demographic processes of Ixodes ricinus (L., 1758), (Acari: Ixodidae) populations in the North-West of Russia were studied using methods of the long-term observations of ticks in insets in the natural biotopes (2013–2018). It was found that in the North-West of Russia, I. ricinus had a long period of seasonal activity (from April until October) and a long calendar age. Larvae, nymphs, as well as adults of both sexes can remain active for up to 12–15 months when they meet with appropriate host and feed successfully. Up to 9±0.8% of adults can overwinter twice and remain active until the end of June of the third year of their life (23 months). The I. ricinus tick at every developmental stage forms a certain sub-group of population in August–September. Due to the highly prolonged life the larvae, nymphs and females of I. ricinus are able to feed, and the females can lay eggs during their entire active period from April till October. At the same time, larvae and nymphs that feed from April to June molt in the year of feeding, and their development proceeds according to a three-year scenario. The females feeding from April to June can produce offspring during the same season, thus forming a 3-year developmental cycle. By contrast, all individuals (larvae, nymphs and females) feeding from July to October molt to the next stage in August–September of the following year. Females feeding in July–September can lay eggs both in the year of feeding and after winter diapause. This leads to an increase in the duration of the basic 3-year developmental cycle and its complexity. If the ticks molted the next year after feeding only once in the life cycle, the whole life cycle would increase by a year. If they did it in every developmental stage, then the life cycle would increase by three years. Thus, the total duration of development of ticks of one generation may last from 3 to 6 years. Some adult ticks (not more than 9±0.8% in the population) can remain active until the end of June of the seventh season.
Neutrophil-Associated Responses to Vibrio cholerae Infection in a Natural Host Model
Authors: Farr Dustin , Nag Dhrubajyoti , Chazin Walter J. , Harrison Simone , Thummel Ryan , Luo Xixia , Raychaudhuri Saumya , Withey Jeffrey H.
Published: January 2022

Vibrio cholerae, the cause of human cholera, is an aquatic bacterium found in association with a variety of animals in the environment, including many teleost fish species.V. choleraeinfection induces a proinflammatory response followed by a noninflammatory convalescent phase. Neutrophils are integral to this early immune response.
Assessing healthcare expenditures of older United States adults with pain and poor versus good mental health status: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Axon David Rhys , Chien Jonathan
Published: January 2022

Objectives

This study aimed to determine if differences exist in healthcare expenditures of older United States (US) adults with pain based on self-reported mental health status, which is important to know given the prevalence of pain and poor mental health in the USA.

Design

This was a cross-sectional study.

Setting

US Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS) interviews.

Participants

US adults aged ≥50 years, with self-reported pain in the past 4 weeks and positive healthcare expenditure in the 2018 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS). The independent variable was poor versus good mental health status.

Primary and secondary outcome measures

Descriptive statistics compared demographic characteristics (using chi-square tests) and mean healthcare expenditures (using t-tests) between groups. Adjusted linear regression models with logarithmically-transformed expenditures compared differences in: total; inpatient; outpatient; emergency room; office-based; prescription medications and other expenditures. Analyses accounted for the complex MEPS design and were weighted to produce nationally-representative results. The a priori alpha level was 0.05.

Results

The weighted population included 57 134 711 older US adults with self-reported pain (14.4% poor mental health, 85.6% good mental health). Compared with individuals with good mental health, individuals with poor mental health had higher unadjusted total expenditures (US$20 231 vs US$13 379, p<0.0001), higher prescription medication expenditures (US$5924 vs US$3610, p<0.0001) and higher other expenditures (US$4833 vs US$2285, p<0.0001). In adjusted multivariable linear regression models, there were no differences in expenditures between those with poor mental health and those with good mental health status.

Conclusions

There were no statistically significant differences in adjusted annual (2018) positive healthcare expenditures among older US adults with pain and poor versus good mental health status.
Understanding dynamics of private tuberculosis pharmacy market: a qualitative inquiry from a South Indian district
Authors: Yellappa Vijayashree , Bindu Himabindu , Rao Neethi , Narayanan Devadasan
Published: January 2022

Objectives

In India, retail private pharmacists (RPPs) are often patients’ first point of contact for diseases, including tuberculosis (TB). We assessed the factors influencing RPPs’ referral of patients with chest symptoms to the National TB Elimination Programme (NTEP) and the way business is carried out with reference to TB drugs.

Design

We conducted semistructured interviews with a purposive sample of 41 RPPs in a South Indian district between May and October 2013. Data were collected from urban areas (21 RPPs) and rural areas (20 RPPs) employing the principle of data saturation. Data were analysed thematically using NVivo V.9.

Results

Knowledge and compliance of RPPs regarding TB symptoms and regulatory requirements were found to be poor. The RPPs routinely dispensed medicines over the counter and less than half of the respondents had pharmacy qualifications. None of them had received TB-related training, yet half of them knew about TB symptoms. Practice of self-referrals was common particularly among economically poorer populations who preferred purchasing medicines over the counter based on RPPs’ advice. Inability of patients with TB to purchase the full course of TB drugs was conspicuous. Rural RPPs were more likely to refer patients with TB symptoms to the NTEP compared with urban ones who mostly referred such clients to private practitioners (PPs). Reciprocal relationships between the RPPs, PPs, medical representatives and the prevalence of kickbacks influenced RPPs’ drug-stocking patterns. PPs wielded power in this nexus, especially in urban areas.

Conclusion

India hopes to end TB by 2025. Our study findings will help the NTEP to design policy and interventions to engage RPPs in public health initiatives by taking cognisance of symbiotic relationships and power differentials that exist between PPs, RPPs and medical representatives. Concurrently, there should be a strong enforcement mechanism for existing regulatory norms regarding over-the-counter sales and record keeping.
Mapping multimorbidity in individuals with schizophrenia and bipolar disorders: evidence from the South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust Biomedical Research Centre (SLAM BRC) case register
Authors: Bendayan Rebecca , Kraljevic Zeljko , Shaari Shaweena , Das-Munshi Jayati , Leipold Leona , Chaturvedi Jaya , Mirza Luwaiza , Aldelemi Sarah , Searle Thomas , Chance Natalia , Mascio Aurelie , Skiada Naoko , Wang Tao , Roberts Angus , Stewart Robert , Bean Daniel , Dobson Richard
Published: January 2022

Objectives

The first aim of this study was to design and develop a valid and replicable strategy to extract physical health conditions from clinical notes which are common in mental health services. Then, we examined the prevalence of these conditions in individuals with severe mental illness (SMI) and compared their individual and combined prevalence in individuals with bipolar (BD) and schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSD).

Design

Observational study.

Setting

Secondary mental healthcare services from South London

Participants

Our maximal sample comprised 17 500 individuals aged 15 years or older who had received a primary or secondary SMI diagnosis (International Classification of Diseases, 10th edition, F20-31) between 2007 and 2018.

Measures

We designed and implemented a data extraction strategy for 21 common physical comorbidities using a natural language processing pipeline, MedCAT. Associations were investigated with sex, age at SMI diagnosis, ethnicity and social deprivation for the whole cohort and the BD and SSD subgroups. Linear regression models were used to examine associations with disability measured by the Health of Nations Outcome Scale.

Results

Physical health data were extracted, achieving precision rates (F1) above 0.90 for all conditions. The 10 most prevalent conditions were diabetes, hypertension, asthma, arthritis, epilepsy, cerebrovascular accident, eczema, migraine, ischaemic heart disease and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The most prevalent combination in this population included diabetes, hypertension and asthma, regardless of their SMI diagnoses.

Conclusions

Our data extraction strategy was found to be adequate to extract physical health data from clinical notes, which is essential for future multimorbidity research using text records. We found that around 40% of our cohort had multimorbidity from which 20% had complex multimorbidity (two or more physical conditions besides SMI). Sex, age, ethnicity and social deprivation were found to be key to understand their heterogeneity and their differential contribution to disability levels in this population. These outputs have direct implications for researchers and clinicians.
Factors affecting arteriovenous access patency after percutaneous transluminal angioplasty in chronic haemodialysis patients under vascular access monitoring and surveillance: a single-centre observational study
Authors: Wu Chung-Kuan , Tarng Der-Cherng , Yang Chih-Yu , Leu Jyh-Gang , Lin Chia-Hsun
Published: January 2022

Objectives

Maintenance of vascular access (VA) patency after percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) is important and remains a challenge despite VA monitoring and surveillance. The aim of this study was to examine factors affecting the post-PTA arteriovenous access (AVA) patency in patients who have been on close VA monitoring and surveillance for access flow.

Design

Retrospective cohort study.

Setting

A single medical centre in Taiwan.

Participants

Records of patients who received chronic haemodialysis between 1 January 2017 and 31 December 2018 were retrospectively reviewed. Patients were divided into two groups (without or with PTA intervention on AVA).

Primary and secondary outcome

Patients were followed until reintervention PTA, termination or abandoned VA or end of study. In addition to routine monitoring, VA flow surveillance was performed every 3 months for detection of VA dysfunction adhering to Kidney Disease Outcomes Quality Initiative guidelines.

Results

A total of 508 patients were selected for study inclusion (with PTA, n=231; without PTA, n=277). At baseline, variables that differed between groups included malignancy and levels of albumin, uric acid, potassium, phosphorous, high-density lipoprotein, total bilirubin and ferritin (all p<0.05). Significant between-group differences were observed for β-adrenergic blocking agents (with PTA, 49.8%; without PTA, 37.5%; p, 0.007) and ADP inhibitors (with PTA, 23.8%; without PTA, 11.2%; p<0.001). Among patients with PTA, those with acute myocardial infarction, high ferritin level or arteriovenous graft (AVG) had a significantly higher risk of reintervention post-PTA (p<0.05). Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors, thiazolidinediones, ADP inhibitors, and warfarin use were predictors of post-PTA patency (p<0.05).

Conclusions

AVG access type, acute myocardial infarction, and high ferritin levels are risk factors for re-intervention post-PTA. These findings may be useful in the development of prophylactic strategies for monitoring VA function and tailoring surveillance programs for these dialysis patients.