bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
KEANEKARAGAMAN BINTANG LAUT (Asteroidea) DI PANTAI LAMALAKA KECAMATAN ILE BOLENG KABUPATEN FLORES TIMUR
Authors: Mbana Yunita Rambu , Daud Yanti , Bullu Novi I.
Published: September 2021

Sea star is an invertebrate animal that is included in the phylum Echinoderms from the Asteroidea class. Radial symmetry is shaped and generally has five or more arms and does not have a frame that helps movement. This study aims to determine the diversity of sea star (Asteroidea) in Lamalaka Beach, Ile Boleng District, East Flores Regency.This research will be conducted in July-August 2019, the location of the study is on the Lamalaka coast, Ile Boleng District, East Flores Regency.The method used is a survey method, based on the presence of Asteroidea species that are considered to represent the area. The steps in data collection are field survey, observation, identifying species in each plot, observing and recording their marphological characteristics.Sampling uses the technique of determining the location of sampling using Area sampling. To identify based on Human and Deloach identification guidelines, 2010. Analysis of the data used in this research is quantitative descriptive and the composition of Asteroidea species can be stated based on visual observations calculating species density, relative density, and dominance index, diversity.Based on the results of the study, found 4 species of Asteroidea, namely Protoreaster nodulosus, Linckia laevigata, Echinaster luzonicus, Astropecten polyacanthus. The highest species density calculation results were found in P. nodulosus species with a value of 0.78 ind / m2. while the lowest species density was found in L.laevigata species with a value of 0.63 ind / m2. The highest relative density was found in P. nodulosus species with a value of 27.64%, and the lowest relative density found in L.laevigata species with a value of 22.35 %. The index of starfish species dominance in Lamalaka Beach, obtained a value of D <0.5, indicates that there are no species that dominate in Lamalaka Beach. The existence of starfish in Lamalaka Beach, Ile Boleng District, East Flores Regency needs to be preserved. One form of effort to preserve it is to conduct monitoring with routine monitoring to monitor the condition of the sea star population in these waters. Besides that, it is also necessary to increase the utilization of sea stars as one of the natural tourism objects and as an Ecoedutourism tourism object. Thus, the presence of starfish will be felt by the wider community so that awareness to maintain the existence of starfish will be increased.
pengaruh model pembelajaran snowball thorowing berbantuan alat peraga terhadap hasil belajar afektif siswa di SMP Negeri 11 kota kupang tahun ajaran 2019/2020
Authors: Tehu Rise Mburu , Manu Theodora S.N , Meha Agus Maramba
Published: September 2021

Permasalahan dalam pada penelitian ini adalah kurangnya hasil belaja afektif siswa kelas VIII SMP Negeri 11 Kota Kupang.Tujuan penelitian mengetahui pengaruh model pembelajaran snowball throwing berbantuan alat peraga terhadap hasil belajar afektif siswa. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode eksperimen dengan desain Posstest-Only Control Design. Populasi seluruh siswa kelas VIII berjumlah 187 siswa dan sampel kelas VIIIA dan kelas VIIIC berjumlah 56 siswa. Teknik pengambilan sampel yang digunakan adalah clustersampling (area sampling).Pengumpulan data yang digunakan lembar observasi.Teknik analisis data menggunakan Uji t, dengan bantuan SPSS16. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hasil belajar afekfif siswa kelas eksperimen lebih tinggi yaitu penerimaan (receiving) 87,71%, penanggapan (responding) 82,42%, dan penilaian 74% dibandingkan dengan hasil belajar afektif siswa pada kelas Kontrol. Adanya pengaruh hasil belajar afektif siswa kelas eksperimen dan kelas kontrol, Karena kelas eksperimen menggunakan model pembelajaran snowball throwing berbantuan alat peraga sedangkan kelas kontrol menggunakan metode ceramah. Pada penggunaan model pembelajaran snowball throwing siswa berkerja sama dalam berdiskusi kelompok karena masing-masing siswa di tuntut untuk membuat pertanyaan dan menjawab pertanyaan dalam permainan bola salju atau bola kertas.

                                                                                              ABSTRACT

The problem in this study is the lack of affective learning outcomes for VIII grade students of SMP Negeri 11 Kota Kupang. The research objective was to determine the effect of the snowball throwing learning model assisted by teaching aids on student affective learning outcomes. The method used is an experimental method with the design Posstest-Only Control Design. The total population of class VIII students was 187 students and the sample of class VIIIA and class VIIIC was 56 students. The sampling technique used was cluster sampling (area sampling). Data collection used observation sheet. The data analysis technique used the t test, with the help of SPSS 16. The results showed that the affective learning outcomes of the experimental class students were higher, namely receiving 87.71%, responding 82.42%, and assessing 74% compared to the results. student affective learning in the control class. There is an influence of the students' affective learning outcomes in the experimental class and the control class, because the experimental class uses the snowball throwing learning model assisted by teaching aids while the control class uses the lecture method. In the use of the snowball throwing learning model, students work together in group discussions because each student is required to make questions and answer questions in snowball or paper ball games.
IDENTIFIKASI DAN PENAPISAN ALKALOID PADA JENIS-JENIS TUMBUHAN PAKU (Pteridophyta) DI CAGAR ALAM GUNUNG MUTIS
Authors: Silla Wempi , Hendrik Arnold Christian , Nitsae Merpiseldin
Published: September 2021

ABSTRAK

Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui jenis-jenis tumbuhan paku dan senyawa alkaloid pada tumbuhan paku yang terdapat di Cagar Alam Gunung Mutis. Penelitian ini akan dilakukan di Cagar Alam Gunung Mutis pada bulan Februari- Maret 2019 dan uji senyawa alkaloid. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik metode jelajah sepanjang jalan yang dilalui dari Oenino hingga padang II pada ketinggian 1.500-1.800 mdpl di Cagar Alam Gunung Mutis. Penapisan alkaloid menggunakan Reagen Mayer, Wagner dan Dragendorff, sampel yang digunakan akar, batang dan daun sekitar 1 gram. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis secara deskriptif kualitatif. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, ditemukan 9 spesies tumbuhan paku di Cagar Alam Gunung Mutis, yaitu Dryopteris filix-mas, Hypolepis tructata, Gleichenia truncata, Asplenium nidus, Trichomanes maximum, Platycerium bifurcatum, Nephrolepis cordifolia, Cyanthea contaminans dan Dyplazium esculentum. Berdasarkan hasil uji alkaloid, pada akar tumbuhan paku yang mengadung senyawa alkaloid adalah Dryopteris filix-mas, Hypolepis tructata, Gleichenia truncata, Asplenium nidus, Trichomanes maximum, Platycerium bifurcatum, Nephrolepis cordifolia, Cyanthea contaminans, pada bagian batang, tumbuhan paku yang mengandung senyawa alkaloid adalah Dryopteris filix-mas, Hypolepis tructata, Gleichenia truncata, Asplenium nidus, Trichomanes maximum, Platycerium bifurcatum, Nephrolepis cordifolia, Cyanthea contaminans dan pada bagian daun, tumbuhan paku yang mengandung senyawa alkaloid adalah Dryopteris filix-mas, Gleichenia truncata, Asplenium nidus, Trichomanes maximum, Platycerium bifurcatum, Nephrolepis cordifolia, dan Cyanthea contaminans.

Kata Kunci : Alkaloid, Tumbuhan Paku, Cagar Alam
EKSTRAK KARAGINAN RUMPUT LAUT (Eucheuma cottonii) YANG DIPEROLEH DARI PANTAI TABLOLONG
Authors: Ruku Runa Matias , Kase Alfred G.O , Solle Hartini R.L
Published: September 2021

ABSTRACTEucheuma cottonii (E. cottonii) seaweed is a low level plant that has a high nutritional value. One of the ingredients that play a role in the formation of texture is carrageenan.Carrageenan is a type of hydrocolloid extracted from the seaweed of the red algae group (Rhodophyceae). The purpose of this study was to determine the quality of yields of Seaweed Carrageenan Extract (E. cottonii) obtained from Tablolong beach in the form of yield, ash content and fat content. The method used in this study is an experimental method with a completely randomized design (CRD) and for fat testing using quantitative descriptive methods. This study uses various concentrations of 0.1 N KOH, 0.2 N KOH, 0.3 N KOH and 0.4 N KOH. The results of the carrageenan yield test show that the addition of 0.1 N KOH concentration has a value of 56.10, KOH 0 , 2 N 62.16, KOH 0.3 N 72.73 and the best treatment was at P4 KOH 0.4 N 80.90. Carrageenan ash content test results showed that the addition of KOH concentration value obtained P1 KOH 0.1 N was 60.50, P2 KOH 0.2 N was 70.70, P3 KOH 0.3 N was 80.50, and P4 KOH 0.4 with a value of 90.50. The results of the carrageenan fat content of 0.1 KOH treatment has a fat content of 0, 2 while the treatment of KOH 0,2, KOH 0,3, KOH 0,4 have no fat content by showing the value (0). The results showed that the highest yield in the treatment of KOH concentration of 0.4 N with a value 80.95% and carrageenan ash content has the highest value in the treatment concentration of 0.4 N with a value of 90.50% while the fat content has a value of 0.2 in the treatment of KOH concentration of 0.1 N

Keywords: Carrageenan, extract of E. cottonii seaweed.
Kualitas Tempe Gude (Cajanus cajan (L) Millps.) Berdasarkan Karakteristik Morfologi Dan Lama Waktu Fermentasi
Authors: Sine Yuni , Soetarto Endang
Published: September 2021

Tempe yang memiliki kualitas baik dapat dilihat dari penampilan morfologi atau penampilan fisik dari tempe itu sendiri. Karakteristik tempe sangat dipengaruhi oleh kualitas substrat fermentasi yang baik, kualitas starter atau inokulum yang baik, serta kondisi lingkungan dan cara kerja yang steril. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kualitas tempe (warna, tekstur, dan aroma) pada tempe gude (Cajanus cajan (L) Millps.)  selama fermentasi. Metode fermentasi tempe gude dilakukan sesuai dengan cara fermentasi tempe kedelai, akan tetapi pada kacang gude dilakukan perendaman bertingkat. Pada waktu 24 jam pertama miselia kapang mulai tumbuh, berwarna putih, akan tetapi belum begitu padat, miselia yang tumbuh masih tipis. Akan tetapi aroma khas tempe mulai tercium, pada hasil fermentasi selama 48 jam menghasilkan tempe gude dengan kualitas yang cukup baik yaitu memiliki tekstur yang padat, memiliki aroma yang harum, pH  4,3 dan kadar air 6,8%  berwarna putih yang disebabkan oleh miselia kapang yang tumbuh baik.
UJI DAYA HAMBAT PEWARNA ALAMI KULIT BATANG JAMBLANG (Syzygium cumini) TERHADAP BAKTERI Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus DAN JAMUR Aspergilus niger
Authors: Utang Febriana Bani , Rupidara Anggreini D.N , Sabuna Alan Ch
Published: September 2021

ABSTRACTJamblang (Syzygium cumini) belongs to the family of the guava tribe which has benefits as a food ingredient as well as herbal medicines. Jamblang bark produces tanners (tannins) to color the nets. The purpose of this study was to determine the inhibition of natural dyes of jamblang (Syzygium cumini) bark against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Aspergillus niger fungi. The method used in this study wis an experimental method, which consists of 3 treatments of natual dyes of the bark cuminis where 40%, 60%, and 80% consentrations and 3 replicates. Data of the inhibitory activity where tested using paper disk method and was analyzed statistically using ANOVA test with SPSS 16.0. statistic aplication. The natural dyes from each concentration showed a inhibitoryactivity against E. coli, S. aureus, and A. niger. The effective concentration of inhibitory activity in E. Coli was 60%, natural dyes category zonas 4.0 mm or weak inhibitory activity The effective concentration of inhibitory activity in S. aureus was 40%, natural dyes category zonas was 7.0 mm or moderateinhibitory activity. The effective concentration of inhibitory activity in A. Niger was 80% natural dyes category zonas was 4.0 mm or weak inhibitory activity.Kaywords :Antibacterial test,Jamblang (Syzygiumcumini) bark, natural coloring Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Aspergillus niger.
PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN KARTU BERGAMBAR BERBASIS PETA KONSEP POKOK BAHASAN JAMUR DI SMP NEGERI 16 KOTA KUPANG TAHUN AJARAN 2018/2019
Authors: Serang Daud , Nomleni Fransina Th , Tnunay Paulus
Published: September 2021

ABSTRACT

This study aims to develop a suitable picture card media product for use on the subject of mushrooms. The development model used in this study is the ADDIE Model (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation). The presentation of the results of this study was obtained from the results of the test of material experts 94%, with good qualifications, design expert test 94%, media expert test 97%, small group test 79% and large group test 86%. Based on data from experts, it can be seen that according to material experts, design experts, media experts, small group trials and large group trials with the total number of presentations is 90%. The percentage of the assessment shows a positive response to the learning media for picture cards that are developed, thus indicating that the form of the image developed is suitable for use as a learning media because the form of learning media for picture cards is in accordance with the learning objectives. This is because the form of picture card Learning Media that has been developed has its own advantages, where the image characters contained in the picture card media can attract students' attention so that the learning material will be easier for students to understand and can help teachers to teach mushroom material.Keywords: Development, Learning Media, Picture Cards
Experiences of front-line nurses caring for patients with COVID-19 in Bangladesh: A qualitative study
Authors: Rony Moustaq Karim Khan , Bala Shuvashish Das , Rahman Md. Moshiur , Dola Afrin Jahan , Kayesh Ibne , Islam Md. Tawhidul , Tama Israth Jahan , Shafi Emdadul Haque , Rahman Shamima
Published: September 2021

Background: As the incidence of COVID-19 is increasing, the Bangladesh government has announced a countrywide shutdown instead of a lockdown. Consequently, front-line healthcare workers, particularly nurses, are confronting more challenging situations at work.
Objective: This study aimed to explore front-line nurses’ experiences caring for patients with COVID-19 in Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Methods: A qualitative descriptive study was conducted among front-line nurses caring for patients with COVID-19. Twenty nurses were purposively chosen from January to March 2021 to participate in semi-structured online interviews. Interviews on audio and video were collected, analyzed, interpreted, transcribed verbatim, and verified by experts. Thematic analysis was used.
Results: Nine themes emerged and were grouped into negative and positive experiences. The themes of negative experiences include lack of necessary medical equipment, use of non-standard personal protective equipment, work overload, long working hours, poor working environment, and lack of quality of nursing care. The positive experiences include feeling self in a patient position, nurses’ coping strategy in COVID-19 patient care, and establishing emotional control.
Conclusion: The study results encourage national and international health care professionals to cope with adverse working environments. Also, the findings provide nurses with techniques for dealing with any critical situation, controlling patients’ emotions, and how empathy increases self-confidence and patient care. The research should also be used to enhance government policy, nursing council policy, ministry of health policy, and other healthcare agencies.
Will current rotational grazing management recommendations suit future intensive pastoral systems?
Authors: Donaghy Danny , Bryant Racheal , Cranston Lydia , Egan Michael , Griffiths Wendy , Kay Jane , Pembleton Keith , Tozer Katherine
Published: September 2021

This review aimed to determine whether current grazing management practices will suit future intensive rotationally grazed pastoral systems. A review of literature on grazing management recommendations found that there was good agreement on the ‘principles’ required for optimal grazing management. While these management practices have stood the test of time, it is concluded that shifts in external pressures (e.g., climate, plant selection and breeding, system intensification) compared to the period when farm-level grazing recommendations were first developed, may necessitate a rethink of current grazing recommendations. Examples include greater pasture masses (e.g., around 4000 kg dry matter (DM)/ha vs. the recommended range of 2600 to 3200 kg DM/ha) where short-rotation (annual, biennial) and tetraploid ryegrasses are sown, provided a consistent post-grazing residual can be maintained (possibly between 40- and 70- mm height). Milder winters and the use of ryegrass cultivars with higher growth rates in late winter/early spring may necessitate either lower target pasture covers at calving or shorter rotation lengths during winter. Longer grazing rotations (well beyond the 3-leaf stage, i.e., equivalent to deferred grazing) can be recommended for select paddocks from mid-spring into summer, to increase seasonal resilience across the farm. Longer residuals (even up to 70 mm - i.e., almost double the recommended height) might improve plant survival during periods of high stress (e.g., heatwaves, droughts). Lastly, diverse species pastures may require specific management to suit dominant species other than perennial ryegrass.
The impact of hybrid learning in teaching English for Business Communication in Vocational Higher Education of Indonesia
Authors: Musdariah Andi , Basri Muhammad , Jabu Baso
Published: September 2021

Some studies have been undertaken to decide the impact of hybrid learning on outcomes in higher education settings, with findings indicating that hybrid learning increases student performance more than distant learning or normal face-to-face instruction. This paper focuses on the students’ perspective on the impact of hybrid learning-based instruction in teaching English for Business Communication in Vocational Higher Education of Indonesia. This study is ex post facto research that aims to find the causes that allow changes in behavior, symptoms, or phenomena caused by an event, behavior, or things that cause changes in the independent variables which have occurred. This study employed a case study using students’ reflection journals and online questionnaires to seventy-five students of Business English for Communication class of the Vocational Higher Education in Makassar, South Sulawesi, Indonesia. Data were analyzed descriptively. In analyzing the data, the researcher used thematic analysis and content analysis. Data analysis steps are data familiarization, generating initial codes, searching for themes, reviewing themes, defining and naming themes, and producing the report. This study showed that students perceived the hybrid learning improved students’ technology competence, collaboration participation, and engagement, motivation, self-confidence. The impact of hybrid learning in teaching English for Business Communication can be categorized into three highly impacted, moderately impacted, and lowly impacted on students, attitude, skills and competence, and motivation. This study claims that the more positive students are toward hybrid learning education in the classroom, the higher their English for Business Communication performance. This research improves scholarly understanding of hybrid learning instruction in Indonesian Vocational Higher Education when teaching English for Business Communication.
Internal boundary and religious conflicts: the problems of national integration in post-colonial Nigeria
Authors: Okoi Ibiang O
Published: September 2021

We investigated Nigerian’s post-colonial resurgences of internal boundary and religious conflicts that have bedeviled the country since independence based on the problems of national integration in post-colonial Nigeria. It argued that resurgences of internal boundary and religious conflicts in the country since liberation in 1960 are crops of expansionism in the sense that colonialism, while the post-colonial state could not avert the ills of colonial rule but rather re-invented the foreign strategy of division and law. It also argues that the scuffles for control of the naturally found resources in the localities are a result of “oppression, marginalization and government influence, uneven distribution of wealth and resources, nepotism and socio-religious bigotry,” which have over the years led religious groups, communities, local governments and States to a long-drawn-out deadly boundary and religious conflicts. The objective of this research is not only aim at highlighting the impact of internal boundary and religious conflicts on the Nigerian federation but also to draw the attention of Nigerian policymakers and researchers to the “neglect” of these issues, which have pitted groups between and even within states in the country, with deadly consequences, thereby questioning the principle of national integration and its essence in Nigeria. The methodology used in this research is the secondary source that has to do with published and unpublished works on the internal boundary, religious conflicts, and national integration. The paper submits that the existence of different natural resources found within the country should not always lead to the internal boundary and religious conflicts but cooperation amongst the people.
MOTHER’S PARENTING STYLE AND ITS IMPACT ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF AVOIDANT PERSONALITY DISORDER AMONG ISRAELI CHILDREN
Authors: KAROLINSKY Lotem
Published: September 2021

This study examines a mother's parenting style and in particular her neglect of her child as risk factors for the development of avoidant personality disorders among Israeli school children aged 11-12. The findings of this study are based on qualitative, comparative research where two groups, each comprised of five Israeli mothers of children in the same age range and from the same school, were thoroughly interviewed about their parenting style. One group comprised mothers of regular children and the other of children who suffer from avoidant personality disorder. The findings of this research lead to the conclusion that parental neglect constitutes a significant factor contributing to the development of the avoidant personality disorder.
THE DYNAMIC OF THE AGGRESSOR-VICTIM RELATIONSHIP SPECIFIC TO THE SCHOOL BULLYING AND CYBERBULLYING PHENOMENON
Authors: PALAGHIA Carmen
Published: September 2021

This study conceptually and etiologically defines the harassment among students, either face to face or virtually, the types of bullying and cyberbullying from the perspective of the dynamic of the aggressor-victim relationship. In this regard, the aggressor and the victim’s profile are outlined, as well as the fluctuations of the attitudinal-behavioral pattern within the victim-aggressor-school triad. By referring to the aggressiveness among students, we will predominantly analyse the school harassment, emphasizing both the determinant factors and the effects on the psychological plan with reference to the efficient strategies of preventing the bullying and cyberbullying from the educational environment.
SOCIAL ANXIETY IN CHILDREN: EXPLORING INSECURE ATTACHMENT AND PARENTAL BEHAVIORS IN THE CONSTELLATION OF SOCIETAL AND CULTURAL MODERATORS
Authors: KAROLINSKY Lotem
Published: September 2021

The associations between insecure attachment, negative parental behaviors, and social anxiety in childhood and adolescence have long been established theoretically and documented by empirical research. Still, it is clear that those associations operate through various moderators that should be addressed, among which are societal, economical, and cultural variables whose effect can be neither ignored nor overlooked. The vicissitudes of individual psychological development are shaped by environments, both physical and symbolic, in which those individuals are embedded: indeed, the cross-cultural studies that compared between Western and non-Western samples consistently reveal interrelatedness between secure/insecure attachments, parenting practices, and socioeconomic and cultural influences. In the light of the above, the present article addresses the interplay between insecure attachment, parental behaviors, and social anxiety in children as a multi-layered constellation of risk-factors which are informed by the broad network of socioeconomic and cultural dimensions. The integrative review of extensive body of literature demonstrates that this constellation cannot be complete without elucidating the role of fathers in parenting that may contribute to developing social anxiety, as well as without taking into consideration characteristics of cultures and society which shape and inform both parental practices and their perceptions.
IMPROVE MYSELF INTERNALLY METHOD. AN INTERVENTION TO SUPPORT PEOPLE IN THEIR SELF-DEVELOPMENT PROCESS: CASE STUDY
Authors: KIRSCHENBOIM Ofra
Published: September 2021

This paper aims to present a method to assist a person who wishes to have personal and emotional growth, to improve the quality of his life or to fill his life with positive feelings and personal satisfaction. If a person so desires, he can improve the quality of his emotional life. This paper proposed a practical, efficient method to emotional improvement. The method is called Improve Myself Internally Method (IMI) and is orientated to help people to achieve emotional growth and satisfaction and to live in peace with factors that hold him back, based on five principles: (1) Facts and Interpretation – the ability to differentiate between the two and to define situations; (2) The Inner Voice – the ability to listen to sentences within me; (3) My Desires-Wills – the ability to state what I want, only what concerns me, using positive language and to remain within the desire; (4) To speak only about myself – the ability to do reflection without speaking about the other person; (5) The choice to speak positively – the ability to choose the positive sentence which will give me a good feeling. These five principles are important when a person wishes to create a positive and good reality, in which he has control over his life.
RESPONSIBLE ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION AND EUROPEAN PUBLIC POLICY
Authors: BUTIU Calina-Ana
Published: September 2021

The detrimental effects of alcohol consumption have been the subject of numerous research works from various fields, particularly due to its social impact. As part of public policy, alcohol consumption has frequently been included in national and supranational agendas and eliciting many research studies, reports and consumption reduction strategies. World Health Organization statistics-based reports name European countries as having among the highest levels of alcohol consumption and, while the reduction of it is a stated European Union policy-making objective, the conclusions of the studies are not easily discernible, and the practical results achieved so far, not that effective. In a world of abundance, excessive alcohol consumption remains a rather elusive problem of public policy, due to the complexity of its interactions with all of the biological, psychological and social environments. Many studies so far suggest that the right policy may not be complete abstinence, but rather an approach based on a responsible level of consumption.
THE EXCESSIVE USE OF FACEBOOK AND THE ADULT SELF-PRESENTATION IN ROMANIA
Authors: RADUCAN Ramona , VADEANU Mihaela
Published: September 2021

The purpose of this study is to analyze the association between self-presentation and the excessive use of Facebook social media by adults in Romania. Two hypotheses were formulated to achieve these objectives: (1) There is a statistically significant correlation between the age of Facebook social network users and their self-presentation; (2) There are statistically significant differences in the self-representation of Facebook social network users by gender. The study population is made up of all adults in Romania who use the Facebook platform more than 4 hours each day. The sample consists of 151 people (43 men and 108 women), aged 18 to 72, and the average age being 34.92 years. In order to measure study variables, the Self-Presentation Scale (AC01 Questionnaire) realized by R.D. Lennox and R.N. Wolfe (1984), was used. The quasi-experimental research was conducted in May 2018 by completing online questionnaires via the Facebook platform. The application of questionnaires was done online by creating a Google Drive form. According to the results obtained the negative correlation established between the subjects’ age and the self-presentation doesn’t reach the statistical significance threshold (p = 0,603). Thus, hypothesis H1 is not confirmed. According to the results, the differences observed between men and women don’t reach the statistical significance threshold (p = 0,608), thus hypothesis H2 is not confirmed.
PATIENT-CENTERED CARE WITH SHARED DECISION-MAKING: PHYSICIAN-PATIENT RELATIONSHIP: COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS
Authors: LIPOVETSKI Olga , COJOCARU Daniela
Published: September 2021

The physician-patient interaction and relationship is the core element of the health-care system, which is developing towards greater patient's involvement in required medical decisions, regarding patient's medical condition. Sharing physicians-patient decisions issue is deepening on the medical discourse. It includes a sociological essence, which is considered in the current article, which tends to compare physician-patient relationship in Israel and worldwide. The current article presents a literary Review of academic articles, mainly from the past decade, inquiring searching databases, such as NCBI, Elsevier, JAMA and Research Gate, using keywords of Patient-Centered Care, professionalism, and human and sociological approaches of patients' medical care. Among dozens of found articles, 40 were assessed and selected for the review. Although, a recognition of the importance of using SDM and CCM can be found within healthcare teams, hardly no use of the models is actually in practice in healthcare systems in Israel. The CCM and the SDM models should be implied in Israel for the best of patients, physician and the healthcare system.
GENDER ALCOHOL USE DISPARITIES AND (POSSIBLE) CONSEQUENCES ON MEN AND WOMEN HEALTH STATUS
Authors: MILLEA Vlad Zeno
Published: September 2021

In this study we approached gender differences of alcohol consumption and, also, the way these differences are reflected in women and men harmful effects of drinking. We focused on Romanian evidences but we reported our results to European realities. The method was secondary data analysis, applied on information provided by World Health Organization, allowing us to create a European countries database, containing patterns of gendered consumption and some harmful consequences of drinking. Available data didn't allow us to analyze the important disparities between gendered patterns of alcohol consumption; so, we had to content us with some selection from scientific literature. Romania has a relatively high level of alcohol consumption but, also, an important proportion of abstainers and low consumers. The apparent contradiction could be explained by the high share of people with „heavy episodic drinking”. To note that women in Romania consume 4.2 times less alcohol than men, have a proportion of abstinence 3.1times higher and the percentage of those who drink daily or weekly is 6.1 times less than of men. Regarding the consequences of alcohol consumption, its dependence prevalence has a very low level in Romania but men have a 3.3 times higher risks. „Alcohol use disorder” has, again, a low prevalence but males have a 3.2 higher probability of AUD. Finally, we mention that in Romania there is an important proportion of deaths attributable to alcohol (for men the proportion is 2.6 higher than for women). An important finding: as much as global alcohol consumption increases, most of gender differences diminish.
UNDERSTANDING THE EVALUATION OF PUBLIC POLICY. EVALUATION OF THE ROMANIAN NATIONAL ANTI-DRUG STRATEGY
Authors: HIDEG Madalina
Published: September 2021

International organizations (public and private) seek to find standard procedures to evaluate public policy or programs in order to have a common measure for public policy effectiveness and efficiency. The national governments, with the aid of the subordinated entities, are quite much interested in developing frames for the design of the evaluation of public policy in general and of public policy in specific fields, in particular. After having reviewed some models of evaluation, we will analyze the case of Romania and we will see that this country doesn’t have a working conceptual frame for the evaluation of the public policy in the anti-drug area.
NURSING CORE CURRICULUM REVISION IN ISRAEL: HISTORICAL REVIEW
Authors: KEMELMAN Rachel , COJOCARU Daniela
Published: September 2021

The Nursing Core Curriculum has been continually developed and revised in many countries over recent decades. These revisions are shaped mainly by social changes and challenges: for example, the forecast that the elderly will become a significant percentage of populations in developed countries, global migration processes, computerization of medical services, and new complex medical devices have all necessitated changes in the education of 21st century nurses. In Israel, nursing education has developed simultaneously under the influences of both the British versus the American core curricula through the last century. The latest Core Curriculum was published in 2012, and for the last three years, the Ministry of Health Nursing Administration have been working on the development of a new core. Meanwhile, all nursing education institutions are expected to implement de-facto changes which are supervised by the Ministry of Health’s audit tool development and inspection process.
THE ROLE OF THE CJRAE SOCIAL WORKER IN PREVENTING ADDICTION IN CHILDREN FROM THE CLUJ COUNTY SCHOOLS
Authors: PURA Ramona
Published: September 2021

The CJRAE institution is designed to ensure the quality of specific educational services provided to childern, teachers, parents and to allow everyone’s access to education by providing the necessary assistance. This article’s purpose is to determin the role of the social worker in addiction preventing programs of The Institution of Resourses and Educational Asistence of Cluj county (CJRAE Cluj). The study adopted a qualitative research design using the case study of an addiction preventing program runned in the Cluj county schools, between years 2017 and 2018. The social worker can have an important impact in school and social integration of children, as he has the abilities and competencies to identify the right resources for intervention; more than this, the job description of social worker empolyee in CRJAE, shows that they have the attribution to develop together with other educational partners useful programs for children, schools and comunity. That’s why, we have to know if and how the social worker contributes in these addiction prevention programs.
ADAPTATION AND VALIDATION OF THE LEARNING STYLES QUESTIONNAIRE – VARK TO MIDWIFERY EDUCATION – ME-VARK
Authors: RAPAPORT Zofia , COJOCARU Stefan
Published: September 2021

The research objective is to adapt and validate the VARK questionnaire on learning styles (Fleming, 2001, 2008) to the discipline of midwifery education in nursing – ME-VARK. The four major learning styles are: Visual, Auditory Read/write and Kinesthetic. From a sociological point of view, the working relationship between preceptor (midwife) and preceptee (student) contributes to the student's professional learning (self-efficacy in midwifery) and to the social formation of the students' identity as a midwifery practitioner. Therefore, matched learning styles between them are important for successful training, particularly in clinical practice. In order to construct the ME-VARK, following an in-depth literature review, and a documental analysis, a focus group and a Delphi procedure with in-depth literature review interviews were used to expose the subjective meanings of preceptorship relations as a social construct. Three expert-midwives that also were experienced preceptors participated in the focus group, and ten expert judges participated in six Delphi rounds (a total of 15 judgements). They were requested to propose items/responses relevant to midwifery education and then to validate the new ME-VARK. The results indicate that the chosen items are suitable to measure knowledge, competencies and learning styles in midwifery education. The adapted ME-VARK is relevant to midwifery education and encompasses the main labor stages, the central types of learning via preceptorship, and the essential topics in midwifery profession (exclusiveness). All items are relevant only to midwifery education (inclusiveness). The adapted ME-VARK was found to have all psychometric attributes: Content and construct validity, as well as face validity.
FUTURE ORIENTATION OF DROPOUT YOUTH IN THE CONTEXT OF FUTURE STUDIES AND EDUCATION
Authors: ARKIN Neta , COJOCARU Stefan
Published: September 2021

This article presents findings that emerged from a study that asked how adolescents who dropped out of schools perceived their future and whether they had an orientation toward their own future. Although numerous studies on adolescents’ future orientation have been carried out in Israel, none of them focused on dropout youth. The research was conducted within the setting of the Youth Advancement Units, official bodies, part of the ministry of Education that care for youth at risk, aged 14–18 who dropped out of school or are on the verge of doing so. To conduct the study, qualitative research using grounded-theory methodology was chosen. Semi-structured in-depth interviews with sixteen youths at risk who dropped out of school were employed.
RETURN TO CULTURAL CAPITAL: CASE STUDY
Authors: FEDOR Catalin George
Published: September 2021

In this paper we propose to reconsider the concept of cultural capital, as presented by Bourdieu and as it is understood today, and to present the results of a study on how social identity is being built, a study conducted on the ground in an ethnic, confessional and cultural community in a period of post-communist transition. The research is a quantitative one. The results highlight the current practical value of the cultural capital concept, internalized and manifested differently by the different social groups belonging to the same communities. Equally, cultural capital can be a vector of preserving local identity and the community can rely on it to shape its future.
ETHICAL ASPECTS OF COMMERCIAL SURROGACY
Authors: SILVERN Racheli , COJOCARU Stefan
Published: September 2021

Surrogacy is an initiated process, whereby intended parents wish to have a child by having an embryo carried in another woman’s womb and, after the birth, the baby is given to the intended parents. In Israel, giving birth and motherhood are perceived to great extent as a significant, essential and natural component of female identity and the existence of children is perceived as a vital and central element of couple-hood and family. The Israeli society encourages fertility and family expansion. This is illustrated by the support of surrogacy and fertility treatments pursuant to the Israeli Embryo Carrying Agreement Law (Agreement Authorization and Status of the Newborn Child) legislated in 1996. On the other hand, the government limits the supply of contraceptives that are included in the authorized list of medicines, pursuant to the State Health Insurance Law (Ministry of Health, 1994). Surrogacy constitutes a solution for people who wish to give birth to a child but they are unable to do so. The issue raises ethical dilemmas in the global village in which we are living. This dilemma has become more prominent in the present age, due to the corona virus crisis that entailed cancelling all flights and forcing each country to close its borders to foreign travelers. In this study, the aim is to explore and comprehend the process of surrogacy according to the economic sociological theory, called the agency theory; the relationships between the parties to the agreement; and the ethical issues stemming from this issue.
RETURN TO SYMBOLIC CAPITAL: CASE STUDY
Authors: FEDOR Catalin George
Published: September 2021

In this paper we propose to reconsider the concept of symbolic capital, as presented by Bourdieu and as it is understood today, and to present the results of a study on how social identity is being built, a study conducted on the ground in an ethnic, confessional and cultural community in a period of post-communist transition. The research is a quantitative one. The results highlight the current practical value of the symbolic capital concept, internalized and manifested differently by the different social groups belonging to the same communities. Equally, symbolic capital can be a vector of preserving local identity and the community can rely on it to shape its future.
INTEGRATION OF PALESTINIAN HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS LEARNING IN AN ARAB SCHOOL IN ISRAEL
Authors: ABD ALRHMAN Sahira , COJOCARU Stefan
Published: September 2021

This paper discusses issues of identity associated with Palestinian students’ integration in an Israeli-Arab high school. These students were born to Palestinian families that are considered as ‘traitors’ by Arabs living in the Palestinian Authority and in the State of Israel. Their parents have working relations with the State of Israel and are therefore living in a large city at the north of the country. The students experience some kind of identity conflict between them and the Israeli-Arab students learning in the same school. The students who came with their parents from the Palestinian Authority, have difficulties to define themselves and they constantly try avoiding the question: Where are you from? They usually say they are from Jerusalem and they hold a blue identity card. Moreover, these students deal with language difficulties. School today constitutes an educational framework for a variety of students, characterized by different abilities and needs. This sets a rather complicated challenge to the school management and staff that have to open the school doors and provide a response to the students. This paper is grounded in theories of high school education, self-identity, conflict between identities of minorities and adolescence. It reviews the identity issues associated with the Palestinian children’s national and self-identity, as well as the steps that school and the education system can take in order to promote their integration.
Narrowing of the Racial Gap In Opioid-Involved Deaths: Implications for Public Health Policy and Practice
Authors: Fos Peter J. , Honoré Peggy A. , Kellum Katrina P.
Published: September 2021

Objectives: Opioid overdose death rates in the United States has been increasing over the past several years. This increasing trend has been seen in states across the country. Previous studies have highlighted that opioid-involved deaths have occurred mostly in non-Hispanic Whites. The objectives of this study were to (1) compare opioid deaths death trends in U.S. to a state, Louisiana, (2) compare opioid death trends in Louisiana urban and suburban areas, and (3) evaluate changes in the overall trends, as well as across race and gender, that may affect public health policy and practice.

Methods: Data were abstracted from secondary data sources, including the Louisiana Opioid Data and Surveillance System. Trends in opioid-involved deaths, drug-induced deaths, and opioid prescription by prescriber location were determined in the U.S. and Louisiana.

Results: The increasing trends in age-adjusted rate of opioid involved deaths in Louisiana has mimicked what has occurred in the United States. The crude rates of drug-induced deaths in the U.S. and Louisiana exhibited an increasing trend. However, the trend in opioid prescriptions had a decreasing trend. The crude rates were higher in non-Hispanic Whites, as well as in males. This trend is changing with the gap between opioid-involved deaths among non- Hispanic Whites and non-Hispanic Blacks narrowing, as well as between males and females.

Conclusions: The study confirmed that the opioid epidemic in the U.S. is also occurring in Louisiana. The changing trends in the rate of opioid-involved deaths indicate an arrowing of the gap between non- Hispanic Whites and non-Hispanic Blacks, and males and females, and that public health practice and health policy must address the future needs to mitigate the opioid epidemic.
Energy Drinks May Improve Postural Sway While Provoking an Early Onset of Muscle Fatigue
Authors: Correa Ashley , Hanrahan Clare , Basye Lauren , Rosario Martín G.
Published: September 2021

Background: In recent years, energy drink consumption (EDC) has flared up among college students in the 18-34-year-old male demographic. Energy drinks cause balance alterations, reduction of blood flow, and distort lower limb neuromuscular activation.

Purpose/Objective: We strived to discover which specific additive among three different drinks (Red Bull, Rockstar, Bang) could contribute to abnormalities in stability, memory, and muscle activation. Therefore, this investigation’s aim is two-fold. First, we assessed the impact of EDC on muscle activation/fatigue and standing balance during multitasking activities. Second, we propose to determine the effect of EDC on memory during multitasking activities.

Methods: Twenty healthy young adults ranging from 22 to 28 years old, took part in the study. Demographic and cardiovascular data were collected, and later all participants completed cognitive evaluations (memory, motor speed) before the EDC. We obtained neuromuscular data via EMG sensors placed on hand grip muscles (wrist flexors) before performing the balance (no foam/foam, EO/EC) and motor (while holding a water cup; no nodding/nodding) tasks measured by accelerometers. Each participant completed all tasks pre- and post-16-ounce EDC. A MANOVA analysis was implemented to compare pre- and post-data. Statistical significance was set at p<0.05.Results: Among the three diverse drinks, 1) A trend to reduce jerk movements (postural sway) was detected mostly in the anterior-posterior (AP) direction with the Red Bull group and 2) Handgrip neuromuscular data revealed an adaptation in diverse timing variables, more noticeable with the Red Bull group during muscle timing decay. 3) Finally, the memory protocol yielded no results after EDC.

Conclusions: While this study's outcomes did not show a substantial distinction between pre and post-EDC for the variables measured, among the three drinks, Red bull exhibited alterations. The reduction in EMG activity decay in the Red Bull group may suggest an early onset of muscle fatigue following EDC. Nevertheless, it seems that the reduced sway compensates for this early decay during the balance tests.

Clinical relevance: This study pointed out that some of the ingredients in Red Bull alter muscle activation and balance. Further research is warranted to gain a better understanding of the effects of Red Bull’s ingredients on muscle fatigue and balance.