bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
EVOLUCIÓN HISTÓRICA DE LOS INSTRUMENTOS DE VIENTO-METAL. ANTECESORES DE LA TROMPETA MODERNA. SISTEMA DE VÁLVULAS, PISTONES Y SU APLICACIÓN EN LOS INSTRUMENTOS DE METAL.
Authors: Rodríguez Azorín Jesús
Published: March 2023

Vamos a realizar un recorrido histórico por los instrumentos de viento-metal, desde su nacimiento en la prehistoria hasta la época actual, analizando la evolución de sus características constructivas y su incidencia en la música. Tras una visión general de estos instrumentos, nos centraremos en el particular camino seguido por la trompeta hasta su forma actual, que culmina con la invención de los pistones.
REFLEXIONES EN TORNO A LA CONCEPCIÓN DEL TIMBRE EN PIERRE BOULEZ
Authors: Barbero Consuegra Gabriel , Barbero Consuegra David
Published: March 2023

Los procesos de la estética musical patentes en la obra de Pierre Boulez tienen como génesis una concepción del timbre cuyos antecedentes más inmediatos se hallan en las creaciones de compositores como Berlioz, Debussy,  Schönberg  y Alban Berg. Ellos contribuyen al impulso del desarrollo tímbrico instaurado por Boulez, adquiriendo este concepto matices hasta entonces insospechados. Boulez representa una clara conjunción de todas estas influencias.
FEDERICO GARCÍA LORCA Y REGINO SAINZ DE LA MAZA: UNA AMISTAD MUSICAL.
Authors: Neri de Caso Leopoldo
Published: March 2023

El poeta Federico García Lorca y el guitarrista Regino Sainz de la Maza fueron dos figuras fundamentales dela Generación del 27. El presente trabajo analiza su amistad a través del epistolario, parte del inédito y conservado en la Fundación García Lorca de Madrid, enmarcándolo en un análisis cronológico desde 1920 hasta la muerte del poeta en 1936. Se destacarán los periodos y acontecimientos más importantes: el encuentro en la Residencia de Estudiantes de Madrid, el estreno de El Maleficio de la Mariposa de Lorca, el concierto de Sainz de la Maza en el Hotel Palace de Granada en 1920, lasamistades artísticas comunes,el proceso de creación de los "Seis Caprichos" (del Poema del Cante Jondo) dedicados a Sainz de la Maza, la amistad con Dalí y el verano de 1927 en Cadaqués, así como, laestancia de Lorca en Madrid. Por otra parte, seanalizará laGeneración musical del 27 y laguitarra en el universo poético lorquiano, resaltando finalmente, la importancia deambas figuras en el proceso de restauración de la música folclórica en la España deese momento.
GRANDES DEL JAZZ-FLAMENCO EN ESPAÑA
Authors: Sánchez Molina. “Plati”. Francisco Manuel
Published: March 2023

En este artículo hablaremos de los grandes del Jazz-flamenco, como son Pedro Iturralde, Jorge Pardo, Carles Benavent y otros figuras como Paco de Lucía, Chick Corea, etc.
IBERIA DE ALBÉNIZ, LA MARAVILLA DEL PIANO.
Authors: Moreno Guil Mª Dolores
Published: March 2023

Nos adentraremos en Iberia, calificada como una de las más grandes obras pianísticas del siglo XX y como la máxima aportación española al repertoriopianístico universal.
AUDACIA Y CONTENCIÓN EN LA ESCRITURA VOCAL DE LA MISSA BREVIS OP. 63 DE BENJAMIN BRITTEN
Authors: Prados Sillero Óscar
Published: March 2023

Puede resultar  ariesgado  acercar a los jóvenes a una música ajena a su universo sonoro, ya que una gran parte del repertorio para un coro de niños no deia de estar escrita y pensada para jóvenes, "música para niños", no siendo frecuente que se les permita acceder a otras concepciones estéticas. La Missa brevis en Re, op. 63 del compositor británico Benjamin Britten no se ciñe a un universo musical que pudiéramos calificar como "infantil", sino que explora territorios más oscuros. En este artículo estudiaremos esta obra de Britten.
EL CLARINETE: LA SONORIDAD QUE INSPIRÓ A LOS GRANDES COMPOSITORES.
Authors: Amores Molero Juan J.
Published: March 2023

Desde que el clarinetista alemán Johann Christoph Denner le añadiera la primera llave al antiguo chalumeau francés en el siglo XVII, inventando así el antecesor del clarinete, el peculiar sonido del instrumento ha sido objeto de estudio. A lo a lo largo de la historia, son muchos los que han intentado analizar el comportamiento acústico y las características particulares del tubo de este instrumento que, ya en su forma más primitiva, llegó a entusiasmar a compositores como Stamitz, Mozart, Weber, Brahms, ...

Seguidamente revisaremos los fundamentos de la sonoridad que lo caracteriza, y, siguiendo la evolución del instrumento, trataremos de ofrecer nuestra visión de cuáles fueron las cualidades del mismo que inspiraron a los distintos compositores en los principales estilos musicales. Para ello nos fijaremos en obras de algunos de los composi- tores más representativos de cada época (Barroco, Clasicismo, Romanticismo y siglo XX), para mostrar así cómo el grado de evolución del instrumento fue determinante para su utilización.
EL LIED HISPANO: UNA HISTORIA APARTE
Authors: Moreno Guil Mª Dolores
Published: March 2023

La canción solista con acompañamiento pianístico contribuyó al nacimiento de un “arte nacional” gracias a la depuración o elevación del germen popular y a la utilización de la lengua patria. Desde finales del XVIII, los condicionamientos históricos y socioculturales, tales como la coincidencia de grandes compositores y poetas, junto a la de un públi- co receptivo y culto, determinaron la evolución de la canción culta hasta llegar a sus máximos exponentes: el lied germano y la mélodie francesa. Sin embargo, la evolución de la canción culta española se estancará a partir del s. XVII debido a la fuerte influencia de la música escénica y del italianismo. Con más de un siglo de retraso, la Generación de 27 logrará el verdadero lied de impronta hispana.
Framework for a general restoration model for ecosystems with anadromous fish for U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. Phase 1 : conceptual model development
Authors: Herman Brook , Swannack Todd , Reif Molly , Richards Nathan , Barnes Tomma , Piercy Candice
Published: March 2023

Salmonid species are critically important ecologically, socially, and economically for North American coastal regions. Alterations to the structure (e.g., channelization) and function (e.g., sediment transport) of estuaries, rivers, and streams have greatly impacted these species, many are now listed as federally threatened or endangered. As part of environmental compliance procedures and policy, the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) is required to assess the impacts and/or benefits of proposed water resource projects (e.g., levee maintenance, ecosystem restoration, etc.) to the environment. The USACE is required to predict and quantify environmental benefits using models to justify federal investment in ecosystem restoration projects. The purpose of this effort is to develop a general model or model framework that can be used during the USACE planning process that will serve as a unified standard Salmonid model. The primary purpose of the model will be to project future environmental benefits that will result from proposed restoration measures. Additionally, the model needs to be sensitive to different combinations of restoration measures in order to assist the USCAE in the planning and decision making process. This report presents the results of the first phase of model development using the mediated model development process.
Experimental fatigue evaluation of underwater steel panels retrofitted with fiber polymers
Authors: Mahmoud Hussam , Riveros Guillermo , Hudak Lauren , Hassan Emad
Published: March 2023

Many steel structures are susceptible to fatigue loading and damage that potentially threaten their integrity. Steel hydraulic structures (SHS) experience fatigue loading during operation and exposure to harsh environmental conditions that can further reduce fatigue life through stress corrosion cracking and corrosion fatigue, for example. Dewatering to complete inspections or repairs to SHS is time consuming and leads to economic losses, and current repair methods, such as rewelding, often cause new cracks to form after relatively few cycles, requiring repeated inspection and repair. The use of bonded carbon fiber–reinforced polymer (CFRP) to repair fatigue cracks in metallic structures has been successful in other industries; recent work suggests that this method offers a more reliable repair method for SHS. Studies regarding CFRP retrofits of SHS indicate that early bond failure often controls the degree of fatigue life extension provided by the repair. This study aims to extend previous studies and increase the fatigue life of repaired steel components by employing methods to improve CFRP bonding. Additionally, using basalt reinforced polymer (BFRP) instead of CFRP is proposed. BFRP is attractive for SHS because it does not react galvanically and has excellent resistance to chemically active environments.
A Web-Based Expert System Application for Working Capital Management
Authors: ER Bünyamin , GÜNEYSU Yusuf
Published: March 2023

The aim of this study is to develop an expert system application called SME Emergency for working capital management (WCM) in Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises (SMEs). SME Emergency performs financial analyses for WCM and thus evaluates the WCM performance of the enterprise. There is no independent audit obligation for SMEs operating in Turkey. Therefore, the data of 283 enterprises listed in the BIST All Shares between 2012 and 2020 were used in the development of this application since they do not differ in terms of working capital characteristics, and the data of publicly traded enterprises are subject to independent auditing. The SME Emergency presents the general performance of the enterprise about WCM. In addition, it evaluates the success of the enterprise according to the industry within the framework of WCM determinants and presents its position compared with enterprises in the industry. In this context, the enterprise’s financial performance in terms of WCM can be interpreted, and suggestions can be made in the case of unsuccess.
A time to be silent and a time to speak: S. Kierkegaard’s “The Point of View for My Work as an Author”
Authors:   I.M. Sechenov First Mos­cow State Medical University (Russia), Ruvimova Natalia V.
Published: March 2023

The article is devoted to the work of the Danish thinker Søren Kierkegaard “The Point of View for My Work as an Author” which is the most complete statement on the topic of his use of pseudonyms. The purpose of the article is to reveal the meaning of “The Point of View” for the study of the thinker’s creativity, to identify and discuss work-related problems. The first part of the article is devoted to the history of the cre­ation and publication of “The Point of View”. The interpretations of pseudonymity in “The Point of View” and “Concluding Unscientific Postscript” are compared, the dif­ference between the goals and circumstances of the creation of works is considered. The reasons why Kierkegaard postponed the publication of “The Point of View” and never published it are analyzed. In the second part of the article the content of “The Point of View” is considered. Kierkegaard's interpretation of authorship and re­lated problems are analyzed. Kierkegaard connects his interpretation with the modern crisis of Christianity and shows that in these conditions a direct message about Chris­tianity is impossible. A religious author who carries out indirect communication ap­pears as a new religious type. The formation of these views of the thinker and their sig­nificance in the context of his epoch are discussed. The author of the article shows that the last part of “The Point of View” is in contradiction with its first part. Next, the criti­cism of “The Point of View” is considered. The author concludes that the skeptical atti­tude towards the content of the work is fair, but it is more aimed at destroying ideas about the possible integrity of Kierkegaard’s work and is influenced by Derrida’s doc­trine of deconstruction. The contradiction between the parts of “The Point of View” may be a consequence of Kierkegaard’s religious views and his communicative strat­egy. Arguments are made in favor of a positive attitude to the work and problems are formulated, work on which will help clarify the topic of pseudonymity. The author con­cludes that “The Point of View” is an important source through which we can trace the change in Kierkegaard’s attitude to his work.
Self-Attenuation of Drillstring Torsional Vibrations Using Distributed Dampers
Authors: Cayeux E. , Ambrus A.
Published: March 2023

During drilling operations, drillstring vibrations cause many downhole dysfunctions, resulting in underperformance, equipment failure, and possibly wellbore damage. Current drillstring vibration mitigation solutions are generally located at a single site, either at the topdrive or close to the bit. However, because the sources of vibration excitation are distributed along the whole drillstring, these single-point vibration damping solutions do not succeed in removing all vibration modes. A distributed vibration damping solution is investigated, wherein damping subs are placed at intervals along the drillstring. The drillpipe rotates on bearings inside the damping subs, thereby reducing mechanical torque. The damping sub has a slightly larger diameter than the neighboring tool joints, lifting the drillstring off the borehole wall and thus eliminating most of the mechanical friction between the damping subs. Viscous friction is introduced in the form of rotary eddy current brakes within the damping subs, which cause the damping of torsional oscillations. The damping sub moves axially on spur wheels supported by bearings, thereby reducing drag forces. The decoupling of rotary and axial movement is a key element for removing a source of excitation. Simulations made with a 4n degree-of-freedom (DOF) transient torque and drag model confirm the expected results. The results of simulations for a use case based on a complex 3D trajectory are presented. With damping subs every 30 m and a damping coefficient of 20 N·s/rd, the topdrive torque is reduced to 40% of that of a plain drillstring, and torsional stability is obtained across the topdrive speed range of 60 to 180 rev/min. By comparison, conventional nonrotating pipe protectors (NRPPs) would have reduced the topdrive torque to 30%, but torsional stability would have not been achieved because the expected damping coefficient was less than 0.02 N·s/rd. The design of the damping sub relies on readily available technological components that can sustain very high pressures and temperatures. The damping subs are therefore compatible with high-pressure/high-temperature applications, including geothermal drilling.
Experiences from a procedure in high technology environments from a perspective of parents to children with autism spectrum disorder: a systematic review
Authors: Pettersson Emelie , Christensen Berit Møller , Berglund Ingalill Gimbler , Nylander Elisabeth , Huus Karina
Published: March 2023

Background
Children with autism spectrum disorders are frequent visitors in high technology environments, and their needs might differ from typically developed peers. A procedure in high technology environment can constitute a challenge for those children and their parents, as the environments presents many challenges in relation to the child’s impairment. The aim of this systematic review was to explore the experiences that children with autism spectrum disorders, and their parents have of procedures in a high technology environment.
Method
For this systematic review, the following sources were searched: Cochrane CENTRAL trials, CINAHL, Dentistry & Oral Sciences Source, MEDLINE, PsycInfo, Scopus, and the Web of Science Core Collection. Search terms included variants of the following concepts: 1) children with autism spectrum disorder and/or their parents; and 2) anesthesia or radiographic departments. Publications were not limited by date or study design.
Result
Out of 13389 bibliographic records, nine studies were eligible for synthesis. None of the studies reported the children’s experiences, all nine reported the parents’ experiences. Only one study was from the radiographic context. After a renewed search during October 2022 one more study was eligible for synthesis. The parents’ experiences were both positive and negative and categorized into two main categories 1) challenges in a new environment; and 2) health care professionals’ approaches.
Conclusion
There is a lack of studies describing children’s experiences of procedures in high technology environments. The parents experienced a need for the health care professionals to work in structured ways with their child and to be able to make adaptations before the encounter in conjunction with the procedure.
Systematic review registration:
This systematic review was registered in advance on the Open Science Framework, https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/5TXWJ.
Sentinel lymph node biopsy versus observation in clinically and ultrasound node negative early stage breast cancer
Authors: Fayed Mohannad , Daoud Mohammed A. , Kassem Loay , Wessam Rasha , Mokhtar Sherif , khlaff Emad
Published: March 2023

Background: The gold standard for axillary staging in node-negative early-stage breast cancer is sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB). Axillary lymph node dissection (ALND), SLNB, and axillary radiotherapy have all been associated with axillary problems, but at a smaller incidence with SLNB alone than with ALND. The Z0011 trial demonstrated that there is no benefit from axillary dissection in the context of positive SLN.
Aim: Compare locoregional recurrence, disease free survival (DFS), and overall survival (OS) between SLNB and observation in patients with early stage clinically node negative breast cancer by palpation and preoperative ultrasonography.
Methodology: Candidates for Breast Conservative Surgery include 60 patients with clinically and radiologically node-negative early breast cancer, randomized to one of two groups: Study group (group A): 30 patients underwent BCS with no further axillary surgery. Control group (group B): 30 patients underwent BCS and SLNB. Follow up was done to detect the two years locoregional recurrence, DFS and OS.
Results: After a two-year follow-up, there was no discernible difference between the two arms in terms of axillary, local, or metastatic recurrence. Regarding post-operative arm edema, both arms significantly differ from one another.
Conclusion: Omission of axillary surgery in T1 and some cases of T2 N0 breast cancer patients appears safe and applicable without affecting locoregional recurrence and axillary/nodal recurrence. Longer term follow-up is needed
A fast interpolation-based multi-objective evolutionary algorithm for large-scale multi-objective optimization problems
Authors: Liu Zhe , Han Fei , Ling Qinghua , Han Henry , Jiang Jing
Published: March 2023

Evaluating large-scale multi-objective problems is usually time-consuming due to a large number of decision variables. However, most of the existing algorithms for large-scale multi-objective optimization require a large number of problem evaluations to obtain acceptable results, which makes the optimization very inefficient. In this paper, a fast interpolation-based multi-objective evolutionary algorithm is proposed for solving large-scale multi-objective optimization problems with high convergence speed and accuracy. In the proposed algorithm, the decision variables are generated based on the information of a small number of variables by the interpolation function. With this approach, only a small number of variables need to be optimized in the proposed algorithm, and the search space can be reduced greatly to improve the convergence speed, and to make it possible to obtain satisfactory results with a relatively small computation cost. The experimental results verified that our proposed algorithm outperforms other compared algorithms in terms of convergence speed and convergence accuracy on 108 test instances with up to 1000 decision variables. Additionally, a parametric study is provided to investigate the best parameter setting for the proposed algorithm.
Advances in the application of gene knockout technology in bacterial drug resistance research
Authors: Tong Chunyu , Liang Yimin , Zhang Zhelin , Wang Sen , Zheng Xiaohui , Liu Qi , Song Bocui
Published: March 2023

Gene knockdown has been confirmed as a common problem-solving method in biology. It is effective in investigating bacterial drug resistance. The technologies of gene knockdown comprise zinc-finger nuclease technology (ZFN technology), suicide plasmid vector systems, transcription activator-like effector protein nuclease technology (TALEN technology), Red homologous recombination technology, CRISPR/Cas, and so forth. To be specific, Red homologous recombination technology, CRISPR/Cas9 technology, and suicide plasmid vector systems have been the most extensively used technologies for the knockdown of bacterial drug resistance genes. The three above-described technologies have been employed in a considerable number of studies to obtain significant results in the research on bacterial gene functions. This study aims to provide an overview of effective gene knockout methods that are currently used for genetic drug resistance testing in bacteria and to provide a reference for the selection of gene knockout techniques.
Efficacy and Safety of Cysteamine-Isobionicamide Complex in Postinflammatory Hyperpigmentation: A Randomized, Double Blinded, Vehicle-Controlled Trial
Authors: Liu Tzu-Li , Tsai Tsung-Fu , Lai Yi-Jing , Ng Chau Yee
Published: March 2023

Postinflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH) is a common acquired hyperpigmentation disorder that can cause significant psychosocial impacts. Cysteamine has been shown to be an effective depigmenting agent for hyperpigmentation disorders, and a clinical trial was conducted to assess the efficacy and safety of cysteamine-isobionicamide complex for treating PIH. Forty patients were randomized into treatment and control groups, with assessments collected at baseline, week 4, 8, and 16. The treatment group showed significant improvement in dermatological assessments, MASI score, TPHI score, and life quality score compared to the control group. Mexameter® and VISIA skin analysis also showed significant improvement in the melanin index and erythema index score at week 16, with cellular resolution OCT imaging revealing decreased melanosome capping and fewer hyper-reflective melanophages. This study suggests that the cysteamine-isobionicamide complex has the potential to be a viable treatment option for PIH.
Performance of AMF, Rhizobium and its Exopolysaccharides in Drought and Disease Resistance of Zea mays L. (Maize)
Authors: Akpeji Stephanie Clara , Bukola Christianah Adebayo-Tayo , Odunayo Joseph Olawuyi , Ossai Chukwunalu Okolie
Published: March 2023

The roles of biologically synthesized Exopolysaccharides (EPS) from Rhizobium and Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungus (AMF) in tolerating biotic and abiotic stresses were investigated in this study. The treatments effect of Rhizobia, Rhizobial-exopolysaccharides (Bradyrhizobium japonicum USDA 110) and AMF (Glomus clarum), singly and in combination were evaluated on two varieties (TZmI1466 and TZmI1297) infected by Bipolaris maydis (BM) and subjected to water stress. Screen house experiments were conducted using a complete randomized design with three replicates. The growth characteristics, root and shoot biomass and disease incidence data were collected and analyzed by descriptive statistics and one-way ANOVA at α0.05.Seed treatments with EPS had the highest significant (P < 0.05) effect on Bipolaris maydis (1.67) and drought in maize. The effect of Rhizobium, exopolysaccharide and AMF treatments against B. maydis showed that Rhizobium alone significantly increase the growth characteristics but suppressed the B. maydis effect. The exopolysaccharide improved all the growth parameters during water stress, while AMF-treated plants significantly improved plant height (43.41 cm ± 2.30), leaf area (114.08 cm2 ± 7.89) and stem diameter (2.58 ± 0.10 cm). Maize variety TZm11297 performed best for the number of leaves (8.48 ± 0.12 cm2) and leaf area (116.97 ± 2.94 cm2) but not significantly different from other growth characteristics in TZm14466.Inoculation with AMF and Rhizobium demonstrated enhanced growth and development of maize plants. Microbial inoculants tolerated drought stress in maize thus, ensuring enhanced crop productivity.
Radiologic and surgical evidence of pre-tracheal anatomies and implications for safe procedures in elderly oncologic patients: implications for elective or emergent tracheotomies
Authors: Zhu Dan , Sun Bingbing , Dong Yabing , Shen Yi , Ma Chunyue , Sun Lulu , Lv Xiang , Bai Guo , Gao Weijin
Published: March 2023

Background
To assess the anatomical relationship and age-related variability of the anatomies in the pre-tracheal space in elderly patients with head and neck cancers and to guide tracheotomy with clinical evidence for either planned or improvised procedures.
Methods
From January 2019 to February 2022, hospitalized head and neck cancer patients aged over 65 years (127 cases) and under 65 years (74 cases) were enrolled in this study as the observation and the control groups, respectively. All these patients received contrast-enhanced CT scans, ablative operations and tracheotomies for primary head and neck cancers. The radiographic reconstructions of vascular morphologies were compared, focusing on three target vessels: anterior jugular veins (AJVs), innominate arteries (IAs) and inferior thyroid plexuses (ITVPs). The upper locations of the isthmus, and the largest diameters of thyroid glands were compared as well. In addition, surgical exposure of those vessels was recorded during tracheostomies to verify these radiologic findings. The tracheotomy procedure-related complications were also compared.
Results
A total number of 201 patients (115 males and 86 females) were identified in this study. The mean age of the elderly group reached 72.0 years (range: 65–87 years), most of whom (41.7%) were with oral or oropharyngeal cancer. The proportion for single-branch type AJVs in the elderly group (11.9%) was higher than that in the young counterpart (8.2%), though no statistical difference was found (P = 0.701). Radiologically speaking, the IAs were categorized as the low-bifurcation (104 cases, 51.7%), high-bifurcation (n = 37, 18.4%), high-platform (27, 13.4%), low-platform (30, 14.9%) and variant types (3, 1.5%). Age-related changes of IA types were found between the elderly and the young groups (P < 0.01), especially for the platform IAs which might interfere with tracheal exposure. This phenomenon was also closely related to the intraoperative tracheotomy findings (rn=0.59, P < 0.01). Besides, for the ITVPs, the common-trunk types were mostly found in the elderly group (40%).
Conclusions
Considering the age-related changes, the evaluation of the pre-tracheal anatomies based on radiographic evidence can facilitate safer tracheotomies in elderly patients. Besides, implications for impromptu tracheotomies may also be drawn with knowledge of these variable anatomies.
Evaluation Model of Cultural Heritage Tourist Attractions Based on Network Virtual Resource Sharing and Real-time Information Processing
Authors: Rong Ai , Jianwei Song
Published: March 2023

With the continuous development of modern society, people's demand for the network is also rising. Because of its powerful function, wide coverage and other advantages, people in modern society have higher and higher utilization rate of the network, and many things are realized with the help of the network. At the same time, some new business based on the network is emerging. The rapid development of network technology makes many people rush for it. This paper mainly studies how to improve the cache technology, reasonable and effective allocation of resources, so that people can get a better experience. This paper studies the suitability evaluation of tourism development of regional cultural heritage resources by using Delphi method and AHP analytic hierarchy process, and infiltrates the evaluation items into various levels, such as natural environment conditions, social and economic conditions, resource combination levels and so on. Through the analysis and comparison of different geographic information, we can clearly understand whether the region is suitable for tourism and the spatial differences of some regions. To a certain extent, it lays the foundation for the future development of cultural heritage tourist attractions and the spatial analysis based on GIS, which is consistent with the tourism suitability evaluation index in the field of regional cultural heritage. When comparing the data with different measurement levels, we can directly determine the characteristics of the spatial differences of different cultural heritage resources, which depends on the value of resources and location conditions of a specific region.
Immunological and Prognostic Role of Cell Differentiation Trajectory Defined Gene Signature in Glioma
Authors: Hua Shi , Cheng Yanhao , Dai Chao , Wang Wenlai , Li Hongyan , Lu Yucheng
Published: March 2023

Glioma was characterized by its severe cellular heterogeneity during cell differentiation. Based on scRNA-seq and high throughput sequencing data, this research revealed the potential connections between cell differentiation trajectory and immune landscape in glioma. Glioma differentiation-related genes (GDRGs) were extracted from cell differentiation trajectories to establish a three-subtype molecular classification. Enrichment analysis indicated that GDRGs were involved in cell differentiation, intercellular adhesion, cytotoxicity, and cell cycle. ESTIMATE and CIBERSORT analysis showed that GDRGs and macrophages-related immune checkpoints (CD163, CD206, LILRB4, LILRB2, LILRB1, CD47, and SIRPα) promoted M2-dominated immune landscape in glioma. Finally, a novel prognostic risk score (RS) signature and nomogram based on 8 GDRGs (SOX4, MEX3A, EGFR, NES, ENC1, NEFL, NNAT, and TMSB15A) were established to predict the patient's 3-years and 5-years OS In conclusion, the molecular subtypes defined by cell differentiation trajectories predicted the M2-dominated immune landscape. GDRGs named SOX4, MEX3A, EGFR, NES, ENC1, NEFL, NNAT, and TMSB15A could be regarded as novel prognostic signatures and potential targets for immunotherapy.
Marine and Not Terrestrial Resources Support Nearshore Food Webs Across a Gradient of Glacial Watersheds in the Northern Gulf of Alaska
Authors: Schloemer James , Munk LeeAnn , Iken Katrin
Published: March 2023

Estuaries are among the most productive ecosystems on Earth, yet are especially at risk in high-latitude regions due to climate-driven effects on the connected terrestrial and marine realms. Warming in the Northern Hemisphere exceeds the global average and is a major cause of the rapid melting of glaciers. As a result, the timing and magnitude of freshwater discharge into estuaries is subject to increase during the peak in glacial meltwater, ultimately affecting the riverine flux of nutrients and organic matter (OM) from the land to coastal environments. Intertidal communities near the outflow of rivers often rely on supplementing autochtonous (marine) food sources with allochthonous (terrestrial) subsidies, even though terrestrial OM can be problematic for marine consumers to assimilate. We investigated if terrestrial matter subsidizes nearshore food webs in northern Gulf of Alaska watersheds, and if the relative proportion of terrestrial versus marine OM supporting these food webs differed with watershed glacial cover characteristics and with seasonal glacial discharge regimes. We employed a Bayesian stable isotope mixing model to determine the contribution of marine (phytoplankton, macroalgae) and terrestrial (vascular plant) sources to the diets of grazing/detritivore and filter/suspension-feeding coastal invertebrates at the outflows of watersheds of varying glacial influence and across various discharge periods. Additionally, we conducted a distance-based redundancy analysis to investigate the effects of watershed-characteristic sourcing and transport of terrestrial OM on nearshore consumer diets. The diets of both feeding groups were predominantly marine (> 90%) and varied little among sites or glacial discharge periods. However, consumers were depleted in 13C isotopes with increasing glacial cover; the significant watershed descriptors suggest that this change was more associated with discharge effects on marine primary production rather than consumption of terrestrial OM by the invertebrates. These results suggest that, while watershed exports may influence the stable isotope composition of OM sources, the diets of these feeding groups are mostly decoupled from terrestrial influence during the time of sampling. Our results suggest that marine OM availability in the study system is not limiting, and terrestrial OM subsidies in such productive systems are not needed to support nearshore food webs.
An efficent water quality prediction and evaluation method based on the DBN-LSTM model
Authors: Fan Bing , Zhao Zhiyao
Published: March 2023

Currently, water environmental issues have been severe. Water quality not only affects the ecological balance of nature but is also closely related to human lives. Therefore, an accurate water quality prediction and assessment can prevent water eutrophication, thus protecting the environment and improving people's quality of life. Previous studies have shown that the Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) neural network has a good performance in time series prediction. In view of that, this paper proposes a neural network model that integrates the Deep Belief Network (DBN) and LSTM network for water quality prediction. The real data are used to predict water quality, and the DBN network is used to extract data features, which are then fed to the LSTM network. The proposed combined model is verified by experiments, and experimental results show that the proposed DBN-LSTM model can significantly improve prediction accuracy compared to the LSTM. The results indicate that the addition of the DBN network can improve the feature extraction and denoising performances on various datasets. The proposed water quality prediction model is compared with both single- and multiple-factor evaluation methods. The comparison results show that the DBN-LSTM model outperforms the LSTM model in terms of prediction accuracy, where it can be used in water quality monitoring management and risk assessment.
NeighbourGroups: a machine learning classification tool that assigns microbial multi-locus genotypes to clusters
Authors: Veltcheva Dessislava , Richer Stephen , Sheppard Samuel , Varga Margaret , Colles Frances , Bonsall Michael , Maiden Martin
Published: March 2023

Robust microbial classification systems are essential, but their definition is complicated by the large size and high diversity of microbial populations combined with a widespread horizontal genetic exchange. Multi-locus approaches that index gene variation without explicit phylogenetic classification mitigates these problems, but reproducibly defining high-level groups remains problematic. We describe a generalisable machine learning approach, 'NeighbourGroups', that reproducibly, robustly, and rapidly classifies multi-locus sequence types with defined precision.
Burn after read: a rewritable multiplexing optical information storage and encryption method
Authors: Xia Kangwei , Hu Zhihao , Guan Junyu , Zheng Shengteng , Chai Zihua , Wu Shengzhi , Liu Dong , Su Jia , Shi Fazhan , Wang Ya
Published: March 2023

Information storage and security are the building blocks of the information age. Optical information storage is a low-cost, robust, and high-capacity storage technique. Discovering new optical information storage media and technique with beyond binary capacity and enhanced security is in demand. Here we demonstrate a beyond-binary, "burn after read" and rewritable multiplexing optical information and encryption method via Ce:YAG trapping states. We find that the thermo-luminescence (TL) intensity of Ce:YAG trapping states is writing light power dependent, enabling multi-gray-level information storage and encoding. We present a new strategy to encode multiplexing information in a single pixel, increasing the storage capability. Meanwhile, the "burn after read" feature protects the data from secondary leakage. This method has wide applications in data storage, anti-counterfeiting, and encryption.
The Seafood Trade and Nutritional Access
Authors: Liu Yaqin , Smith Martin , Dietz David , Leaning Dustin Colson , Abbott Joshua , Smyth Adam
Published: March 2023

Globalization of seafood markets raises concerns about nutritional insecurity, as low-income nations trade away nutrient-dense seafood to high-income nations. However, this narrative ignores the nutritional contributions of seafood that low-income nations import due to reciprocal trade. We utilize a novel dataset connecting country-level seafood trade flows to product-specific data on nutrient concentrations to investigate how seafood trade affects nutritional availability to residents of developing nations in terms of nutrient density per dollar. We find compelling evidence across three macronutrients and nine micronutrients that developing nations pay lower prices for nutrition in imported seafood than developed nations. We demonstrate that import prices reflect values of nutritional characteristics but also premiums for freshness, particular species, convenient product forms such as fillets, and trophic level. We show that a significant portion of the nutritional bargain for low-income nations reflects differences in the non-nutritional characteristics of seafood imports between developed and developing nations.
Properties and effects of a drug-loaded haemostatic sponge
Authors: Wang Lusha , Meng Jia , Jia Xujing , Wang Wei , Wang Jiayan , Huang Jibin , Wu Di , Zhang Xiuqiang , Xu Ming
Published: March 2023

Some cases of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) require surgical treatment and postoperative nasal packing, but bleeding and adhesion are common complications after nasal surgery. Biodegradable drug-loaded implants hold great therapeutic options for the treatment of CRS, but little data are available regarding the properties and effects of a novel drug-loaded haemostatic sponge (DLHS) in the nasal cavity and sinus. In this study, in vitro and in vivo experiments were used to test the physicochemical properties and investigate the biocompatibility and effectiveness of DLHS. The results showed that DLHSs present outstanding porosity and liquid absorption capacity, which might enhance their haemostatic ability, and they possess sustained-release ability for drugs. Further clinical trials confirmed their clinical efficacy and safety, and there was no evidence of adrenal cortical suppression. This study demonstrates the safety and efficacy of a novel biodegradable drug-loaded sponge with the possibility of being used in CRS patients, and this sponge may reduce inflammation and minimize adhesions via controlled local drug delivery without measurable systemic exposure.
Typical Diagnostic Reference Levels of Common Indications for Computed Tomography Scans Among Adult Patients in Uganda: a Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Nalwoga Kevina , Nankya Ethel , Erem Geoffrey , Mayanja John Mark Kasumba , Kiragga Festo , Mubuuke Aloysius G. , Kisembo Harriet
Published: March 2023

Background
Medical exposure to ionizing radiation has increased due to an increase in the number of computerized tomography (CT) scan examinations performed. The International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) recommends indication-based diagnostic reference levels (IB-DRLs) as an effective tool that aids in optimizing CT scan radiation doses. In many low-income settings, there is a lack of IB-DRLs to support optimization of radiation doses.
Objective
To establish typical DRLs for common CT scan indications among adult patients in Kampala, Uganda.
Methodology:
A cross sectional study design was employed involving 337 participants enrolled from three hospitals using systematic sampling. The participants were adults who had been referred for a CT scan. The typical DRL of each indication was determined as the median value of the pooled distribution of CTDIvol (mGy) data and the median value of the pooled distribution of total DLP (tDLP)(mGy.cm) data from three hospitals. Comparison was made to anatomical, and indication based DRLs from other studies.
Results
54.3% of the participants were male. The following were typical DRLs for: acute stroke (30.17mGy and 653mGy.cm); head trauma (32.04mGy and 878mGy.cm); interstitial lung diseases/ high resolution chest CT scan (4.66mGy and 161mGy.cm); pulmonary embolism (5.03mGy and 273mGy.cm); abdominopelvic lesion (6.93mGy and 838mGy.cm) and urinary calculi (7.61mGy and 975mGy.cm). Indication based total Dose Length Product (tDLP) DRLs was lower than tDLP DRLs of a whole anatomical region by 36.4% on average. Most of the developed typical IB-DLP DRLs were lower or comparable to values from studies in Ghana and Egypt in all indications besides urinary calculi while they were higher than values in a French study in all indications besides acute stroke and head trauma.
Conclusion
Typical IB-DRLs is a good clinical practice tool for optimization of CT doses and therefore recommended for use to manage CT radiation dose. The developed IB-DRLs varied from international values due to differences in selection of CT scan parameters and standardization of CT imaging protocols may narrow the variation. This study can serve as baseline for establishment of national indication-based CT DRLs in Uganda.

*As a note, Kevina Nalwoga and John Mark Kasumba Mayanja are co-first authors.*
Identification of the role of pyroptosis -related genes in chronic rhinosinusitis based on WGCNA
Authors: Wan Yarui , Wang Yanfei , Xu Sheng , Du Hui , Liu Zhiqi
Published: March 2023

Background: Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a complex chronic inflammatory disease of the nose, paranasal sinus, and upper respiratory tract. Its treatment methods mainly include antibiotic treatment and surgical treatment. However, the molecular mechanism of its inflammation is still unclear. Pyroptosis is a programmed cell death. As an important natural immune response, pyroptosis plays an essential role in fighting infection.
Methods: In this paper, a weighted co-expression network (WGCNA) was used to screen gene modules significantly related to CRS. Then it intersects with the genes related to scorching death (PRGs). We evaluated the immune landscape of CRS by the expression of intersecting genes. In addition, in the enrichment analysis of intersection genes and PPI network analysis, we verified the pathways closely related to CRS and hub genes. Finally, the interaction network between the hub gene, miRNA, and TF was constructed.
Results: Hub genes (CASP3, IL18, NAIP, NLRC4, and TP53) found in this paper are directly or indirectly related to CRS, and these genes were proved to be of diagnostic significance to CRS by ROC curve. In the infiltration abundance of CRS and its control group, the infiltration abundance of Plasma cells, T cells follicular helper, Macrophages M2, Dendritic cells activated, and Neutrophils cells in the two groups were significantly different. We also constructed the interaction network between the hub genes and miRNAs and the interaction network between hub genes and TFs. Most of these miRNAs and TFs were also related to CRS.
Conclusions: Five hub genes were identified and verified by focusing on the role of apoptosis-related genes in CRS. And the immune landscape of the hub genes in CRS and its interaction with miRNA and TF were determined, respectively.
Study on the therapeutic effect of coral calcium hydrogenated, a material that slowly releases hydrogen, on allergic contact dermatitis
Authors: Luan Jing , Wang Yankang , Yu Song , Fu Xinyao , Xu Hao , Yan Bin , Gou Xingchun , Xu Lixian , Wang Xuzhen
Published: March 2023

Background
Hydrogen has been proven to play a protective role in vivo by its biological effects such as anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory. Allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) is a common inflammatory skin disease characterized by itching, skin inflammation, and allergic responses. ACD is caused by T cell-mediated delayed type hypersensitivity.
Results
The aim of this study is to investigate the ameliorative effect of Coral calcium hydrogenated (CCH) which releases hydrogen slowly in the body and has more advantages than the direct use of hydrogen. 2,4-Dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB) was applied for ACD induction. CCH was applied by intragastric administration. Dermatitis score and number of scratches were significantly diminished in CCH-treated groups. Especially, CCH showed inhibitory effects on skin lesion and hyperplasia. Additionally, splenic coefficient and plasma IgE were significantly inhibited by CCH.
Conclusions
Those findings suggested CCH has a remarkable effect on DNCB-induced ACD in mice.
Biota Interactions for Ecological Assessment of a Deteriorated Coastal Lake following a Brief Period of Restoration
Authors: Mitwally Hanan , Rashidy Hoda El , Montagna Paul
Published: March 2023

The coastal lake, Maruit, was one of the most productive coastal ecosystems in Egypt until the 1960s. It experienced long-term deterioration due to continuous discharge of pollutants from Alexandria city into its basins. The Egyptian government started a restoration program in 2010 to divert pollution sources away from the lake. Samples were collected in November 2012 to assess the biological condition of Lake Maruit using parasitism and predation as biological linkages between pelagic and benthic communities. A preliminary survey of ectoparasites infesting tilapia fish was carried out during this study. Ectoparasites that were retained from 300 sampled tilapia fish were identified. Two groups of platyhelminth ectoparasites, Monogenea,Cichlidogyrus sp.,and the parasitic-copepod,Ergasilus lizae,were detected. Ectoparasite Platyhelminthes infected the fishOreochromis niloticus and O. aureus, whereas the crustacean parasitizedCoptodon zillii.The parasitic prevalence was 15% and 3% forCichlidogyrus sp., andErgasilus lizae, respectively. Benthic biotas were similar among basins, which could indicate successful restoration. The lack of response of fish abundance to benthic biotic components indicates few direct trophic links. Phytoplankton and benthic microalgae were not the main fish diet. It was found that Halacaridae and fish data clustered, suggesting either Halacaridae are simply responding like fish or that fish are preying on them because they have a relatively large size. Unexpectedly, linear connections between the populations of biota and the parasite-infected fish were found, suggesting that parasites may control the behavior of their hosts. Organic matter concentration was the main driver of the lake ecosystem biota. While the low parasitism rate and lack of eutrophication is evidence of recovery, the low biota abundance, lack of fish and faunal diversity, and limited linkage among food web components indicate the restoration was incomplete or Lake Maruit was still suffering from degradation in 2012.