bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fine-tuning the electronic structure of heavy-atom-free BODIPY photosensitizers for fluorescence imaging and mitochondria-targeted photodynamic therapy
Authors: Qi Sujie , Kwon Nahyun , Yim Yubin , Nguyen Van-Nghia , Yoon Juyoung
Published: March 2020

We designed and investigated novel mitochondria-targeting heavy-atom-free BODIPY photosensitizers (R-BODs) that possessed considerable singlet oxygen generation abilities and good fluorescence properties for imaging-guided photodynamic therapy (PDT).
Photo-tunable hydrogel mechanical heterogeneity informed by predictive transport kinetics model
Authors: Higgins Callie I. , Killgore Jason P. , DelRio Frank W. , Bryant Stephanie J. , McLeod Robert R.
Published: March 2020

Photo-tunable hydrogel mechanical heterogeneity using a single resin is presented here, informed by a predictive transport kinetics and swelling model.
Role of molecular bend angle and biaxiality in the stabilization of the twist-bend nematic phase
Authors: Tomczyk Wojciech , Longa Lech
Published: March 2020

Within mean-field theory for V-shaped molecules, we have investigated how the alteration of a molecule's structural features influence the stabilization of modulated and non-modulated nematic phases.
Rheological similarities between dense self-propelled and sheared particulate systems
Authors: Mo Ruoyang , Liao Qinyi , Xu Ning
Published: March 2020

Amorphous solids driven by self propulsion forces show similar rheological behaviors to sheared systems in multiple aspects.
Compaction and self-association of megabase-sized chromatin are induced by anionic protein crowding
Authors: Zinchenko Anatoly , Chen Qinming , Berezhnoy Nikolay V. , Wang Sai , Nordenskiöld Lars
Published: March 2020

Anionic macromolecular crowding promotes a very efficient compaction of chromatin fibers and self-assembly into micrometer-sized colloidal aggregates.
Preparation of multi-temperature responsive elastomers by generating ionic networks in 1,2-polybutadiene using an anionic melting method
Authors: Liu Jinhui , Yuan Yuka , Niu Zhibin , Li Qian , Meng Fansen , Wang Zhaobo , Hua Jing
Published: March 2020

Constructing an ionic network in 1,2-PB using an anion melting method with MAH as a modifier.
Expression profiles and prognostic significance of WNT family members in glioma via bioinformatic analysis
Authors: Xu Anqi , Yang Huiping , Gao Kunjie , Zhan Zhengming , Song Zibin , Huang Tengyue , Song Ye
Published: March 2020

Aims: The dysregulation and essential role of WNTs in glioma have been widely implicated. However, there is a paucity of literature on the expression status of all the 19 WNTs in glioma. Our study was aimed to evaluate the expression and prognostic values of the 19 WNTs in glioma. Methods: mRNA expression and clinical data were retrieved from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database, Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas (CGGA), GTEx and ONCOMINE databases. The 50 frequent neighbor genes of WNT5A and WNT10B were shown with PPI network, Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses. Results: We found that the mRNA expression of WNT5A was significantly higher in glioma; however, the WNT10B expression was significantly lower in glioma. Furthermore, the expression of WNT5A and WNT10B was associated with the clinicopathology of glioma. The survival analysis revealed that the higher expressions of WNT5A and WNT16 were associated poor overall survival (OS) in patients with glioma. Conversely, overexpression of WNT3, WNT5B, and WNT10B was associated with better OS. Finally, Go and KEGG analysis revealed WNT5A was associated with multiple signal translations, and crucial oncogenes (EGFR and MDM2) and 2 important tumor suppressors (PTEN and IKN4a/ARF) were found closely correlated with WNT5A in glioma. Conclusion: Among 19WNTs, WNT5A can serve as a candidate to diagnose and therapy glioma, while WNT10B might be valuable for anti-glioma research. The presumed direction was provided to explore the relation of WNTs signal and multiple pathways in glioma.
Knowledge, Beliefs, and Practices of Australian Audiologists in Addressing the Mental Health Needs of Adults With Hearing Loss
Authors: Bennett Rebecca J. , Meyer Carly J. , Ryan Brooke , Barr Caitlin , Laird Emma , Eikelboom Robert H.
Published: March 2020

Purpose

Emotional and mental health is essential to overall health, but there has been little research on how to approach emotional and mental health in the audiology setting. This study provides a preliminary investigation into the current knowledge, beliefs, and practices of Australian audiologists in addressing the emotional and mental health needs of adults with hearing loss.

Method

A 22-item survey using open- and closed-ended questions was completed by 95 Australian audiologists using a cross-sectional study design.

Results

Two thirds of audiologists described being underconfident and lacking the skills required to provide emotional support to people with hearing loss. Barriers to delivering emotional support included feeling out of their depth (56.6%), time/caseload pressures (55.3%), and the perception that the provision of emotional support was not within an audiologist's scope of practice (31.6%). Audiologists described a desire to refer clients to mental health professionals yet highlighted significant barriers, including not knowing who to refer to (54.7%), when to make a referral (49.3%), or how to make a referral (38.6%). Audiologists overwhelmingly (96%) indicated that they would like to develop their knowledge and skills associated with the provision of emotional and mental health support in the audiological setting.

Conclusion

Knowledge, skills, and time were identified as the key areas that require attention in order to allow audiologists to address the emotional and mental health needs of adults with hearing loss.
P300 Event-Related Potentials in Normal-Hearing Adults With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: van der Westhuizen Natasha , Biagio-de Jager Leigh , Rheeder Paul
Published: March 2020

Background

P300 event-related potentials can be used to measure auditory processing speed, working memory, and attention.

Purpose

The purpose of the study was to compare P300 event-related potentials in normal-hearing adults with those of adults with Type II diabetes mellitus.

Research Design

A two-group (with diabetes and controls) comparative study (age- and sex-matched) with a nonprobability sampling method was used.

Study Sample

Sixty-four adult participants (32 with diabetes, 32 without diabetes) between the ages of 23 and 60 years participated.

Data Collection and Analysis

Pure-tone audiometry was performed to ensure participants had pure-tone averages of ≤ 25 dB HL. Folstein Mini-Mental State Examinations were conducted, which ensured absence of cognitive impairment. Blood glucose levels were measured immediately prior to P300 testing, after which amplitude and latency results were captured. Descriptive analysis was used to calculate mean, standard deviation, median, and 25th and 75th percentiles. To study differences between adults with and without diabetes as well as the effect of glucose, linear mixed-model regression analyses were performed when left and right ears were combined, and simple linear regression analyses were performed when left and right ears were analyzed separately.

Results

For P300 latency results, a significant statistical difference (
p
< .001) was observed between participants with and without diabetes (352.46 ms,
SD
= 36.36; 314.09 ms,
SD
= 32.08), respectively. A significant statistical difference (
p
< .001) in amplitude was observed between participants with and without diabetes, respectively (12.10 μV,
SD
= 3.70; 15.08 μV,
SD
= 2.82). Glucose was a key moderator of only amplitude after adjusting for diabetes status. Glucose had no effect on amplitude and latency for adults without Type II diabetes mellitus (DM).

Conclusions

Type II DM decreases amplitude and increases latency; in addition, adults with Type II DM, attention, and working memory, as denoted by P300 amplitude, may deteriorate with increased glucose levels on the day of testing.
Language, Motor, and Cognitive Outcomes of Toddlers Who Were Born Preterm
Authors: Loeb Diane Frome , Imgrund Caitlin M. , Lee Jaehoon , Barlow Steven M.
Published: March 2020

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to examine the language, motor, and cognitive abilities of children born preterm in four categories: (a) healthy preterm infants, (b) infants of diabetic mothers, (c) infants with respiratory distress syndrome, and (d) infants with chronic lung disease when the children were 30 months, uncorrected age. Comorbidity of language, motor, and cognitive skills was examined, along with predictor variables.

Method

A total of 148 children who were born preterm participated and were assessed using bivariate tests and logistic regression on standardized assessment scores.

Results

Controlling for the children's gestational age (GA), overall language ability was significantly lower in the infants of diabetic mothers group compared to the healthy preterm infant group, and expressive language skills were significantly lower for the chronic lung disease group than the respiratory distress syndrome group. The children with language delays on at least one measure were significantly more likely to have cognitive, motor, or both delays. Lower maternal education was a significant predictor for language and cognitive delays, and younger GA was a significant predictor for language, motor, and cognitive delays.

Conclusion

Assessment of the preterm infant from a biosystems approach allows the speech-language pathologist to take into consideration maternal education, diagnosis at preterm birth, and GA, which were found to impact the language, motor, and cognitive outcomes of children born preterm. Our findings further reinforce the concept of the whole child in that children born preterm who display language delays should be screened for co-occurring motor and/or cognitive delays.
Pharyngeal Versus Esophageal Stasis: Accuracy of Symptom Localization
Authors: Marvin Stevie , Thibeault Susan
Published: March 2020

Purpose

The purpose of this article was to determine whether patients who complain of bolus stasis are accurate at localizing bolus stasis as measured by a videofluoroscopic swallowing study with an esophagram.

Method

This study used a prospective analysis of outcomes data from the University of Wisconsin–Madison Voice and Swallow Outcomes database in patients with complaints of bolus stasis who completed the combined videofluoroscopic swallowing study and esophagram to determine the accuracy of bolus stasis localization.

Results

Dysphagia evaluation was completed in 301 patients with complaints of bolus stasis. Patients with complaints of bolus stasis in the throat (i.e., pharynx and cervical esophagus) were less accurate at localizing bolus stasis than patients with complaints in the thoracic esophagus (
p
< .001). Esophageal stasis was the most common finding regardless of complaint location.

Conclusion

Patients are poor at localizing bolus stasis, and esophageal stasis is common in patients who complain of pharyngeal stasis. This work supports a comprehensive evaluation of both the pharynx and the esophagus for patients with complaints of bolus stasis in the throat. Future research should focus on identifying symptom profiles that could lead to targeted swallowing evaluations based on patient history and complaint.
What Does Evidence-Based Practice Mean to You? A Follow-Up Study Examining School-Based Speech-Language Pathologists' Perspectives on Evidence-Based Practice
Authors: Fulcher-Rood Katrina , Castilla-Earls Anny , Higginbotham Jeff
Published: March 2020

Purpose

The current investigation is a follow-up from a previous study examining child language diagnostic decision making in school-based speech-language pathologists (SLPs). The purpose of this study was to examine the SLPs' perspectives regarding the use of evidence-based practice (EBP) in their clinical work.

Method

Semistructured phone interviews were conducted with 25 school-based SLPs who previously participated in an earlier study by Fulcher-Rood et al. 2018). SLPs were asked questions regarding their definition of EBP, the value of research evidence, contexts in which they implement scientific literature in clinical practice, and the barriers to implementing EBP.

Results

SLPs' definitions of EBP differed from current definitions, in that SLPs only included the use of research findings. SLPs seem to discuss EBP as it relates to treatment and not assessment. Reported barriers to EBP implementation were insufficient time, limited funding, and restrictions from their employment setting. SLPs found it difficult to translate research findings to clinical practice. SLPs implemented external research evidence when they did not have enough clinical expertise regarding a specific client or when they needed scientific evidence to support a strategy they used.

Conclusions

SLPs appear to use EBP for specific reasons and not for every clinical decision they make. In addition, SLPs rely on EBP for treatment decisions and not for assessment decisions. Educational systems potentially present other challenges that need to be considered for EBP implementation. Considerations for implementation science and the research-to-practice gap are discussed.
Question Use in Adults With Right-Hemisphere Brain Damage
Authors: Minga Jamila , Fromm Davida , Williams-DeVane ClarLynda , MacWhinney Brian
Published: March 2020

Purpose

Right-hemisphere brain damage (RHD) can affect pragmatic aspects of communication that may contribute to an impaired ability to gather information. Questions are an explicit means of gathering information. Question types vary in terms of the demands they place on cognitive resources. The purpose of this exploratory descriptive study is to test the hypothesis that adults with RHD differ from neurologically healthy adults in the types of questions asked during a structured task.

Method

Adults who sustained a single right-hemisphere stroke and neurologically healthy controls from the RHDBank Database completed the Unfamiliar Object Task of the RHDBank Discourse Protocol (Minga et al., 2016). Each task was video-recorded. Questions were transcribed using the Codes for the Human Analysis of Transcripts format. Coding and analysis of each response were conducted using Computerized Language Analysis (MacWhinney, 2000) programs.

Results

The types of questions used differed significantly across groups, with the RHD group using significantly more content questions and significantly fewer polar questions than the neurologically healthy control group. In their content question use, adults with RHD used significantly more “what” questions than other question subtypes.

Conclusion

Question-asking is an important aspect of pragmatic communication. Differences in the relative usage of question types, such as the reduced use of polar questions or increased use of content questions, may reflect cognitive limitations arising from RHD. Further investigations examining question use in this population are encouraged to replicate the current findings and to expand on the study tasks and measures.

Supplemental Material

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.11936295
Preschoolers' Word-Learning During Storybook Reading Interactions: Comparing Repeated and Elaborated Input
Authors: O'Fallon Maura , Von Holzen Katie , Newman Rochelle S.
Published: March 2020

Purpose

Previous research shows that shared storybook reading interactions can function as effective speech and language interventions for young children, helping to improve a variety of skills—including word-learning. This study sought to investigate the potential benefits of elaboration of new words during a single storybook reading with preschoolers.

Method

Thirty-three typically developing children ages 35–37 months listened to a storybook containing novel words that were either repeated with a definition, repeated with no additional information, or only said once. Their receptive word-learning for these novel words was then evaluated via a preferential looking task. We analyzed children's correct looks to target pictures and compared looking behavior across the three levels of presentation.

Results

Results showed that preschoolers demonstrated successful receptive word-learning after a single storybook reading interaction with an adult when target words were repeated, either with or without elaboration. Within this context, elaboration was not required for preschoolers' receptive word-learning.

Conclusions

These results support the use of storybook reading with young children as a way to foster early receptive word-learning and highlight the importance of repeated exposure to novel material either with or without additional semantic information.
Speech-Language Pathologists' Perceptions of School-Based Services for Children With Hearing Loss
Authors: Allen Sarah , Mayo Robert
Published: March 2020

Purpose

School-aged children with hearing loss are best served by a multidisciplinary team of professionals. The purpose of this research was to assess school-based speech-language pathologists' (SLPs) perceptions of their access to, involvement of, and working relationships with educational audiologists in their current work setting.

Method

An online survey was developed and distributed to school-based SLPs in North Carolina.

Results

A significant difference in access to and involvement of educational audiologists across the state was found.

Conclusions

This research contributes to professional knowledge by providing information about current perceptions in the field about interprofessional practice in a school-based setting. Overall, SLPs reported positive feelings about their working relationship with educational audiologists and feel the workload is distributed fairly.
Contributions to Gain in Speech Sound Production Accuracy for Children With Speech Sound Disorders: Exploring Child and Therapy Factors
Authors: Farquharson Kelly , Tambyraja Sherine R. , Justice Laura M.
Published: March 2020

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to explore the extent to which child- and therapy-level factors contribute to gains in speech sound production accuracy for children with speech sound disorders in receipt of school-based services.

Method

Data were obtained from 126 kindergarten and first- and second-grade children currently in receipt of speech therapy services in their public school setting. Pretest and posttest measures of spontaneous speech production and language ability were collected at the beginning and end of one academic year. Using a spontaneous speech sample, percentage of consonants correct (PCC) was calculated for each child; a gain score was computed by subtracting the pretest PCC score from the posttest PCC score. The children's speech-language pathologist completed weekly therapy logs during business-as-usual therapy, indicating the frequency, duration, and group composition of services throughout the school year.

Results

Results supported that gain in PCC from pretest to posttest was predicted by several child- and therapy-level variables. Children's initial speech sound severity was negatively related to gains in PCC. Our results also supported that the total number of therapy sessions received in a year was positively predictive of PCC gain. Interestingly, the number of individual therapy sessions was negatively associated with PCC gain.

Conclusion

Several malleable therapy factors contribute to gains in speech sound accuracy for children with speech sound disorders. Speech-language pathologists should consider how these factors may be manipulated to best tailor treatment to the individual needs of the children on their caseloads.
Bio‐interface behaviour of graphene and semiconducting SWCNT:C60 blend based nano photodiode for subretinal implant
Authors: Meyyappan Moorthy Vijai , Parthasarathy Varadarajan , Daniel Rathnasami Joseph
Published: March 2020

Hybrid interfaces between living cells and organic conjugated polymers play a pivotal role in bioelectronics medicine. Currently, conjugated polymers are widely utilised for optical stimulation of living cells and other bio‐interface applications such as neural probes, cellular scaffolds and biosensors for drug release. In such a work, the authors fabricated and characterised the Nano Photodiode array device for the subretinal implant. However, the authors did not discuss in their report about the biocompatibility of this new device. In this work, the authors manifest that the quintessential graphene electrode and polymer blend of semiconducting single‐wall carbon nanotube and C60 fullerene (S‐SWCNT:C60) sustains its optoelectronic properties all through the various strides for neural preparation. Further, the studies show that these materials can provide a favourable environment for cell proliferation and a high degree of biocompatibility. PC‐12 cells used as a valuable model to validate the biocompatibility were grown successfully onto the S‐SWCNT:C60 active layer still preserving its optical and electrical properties. The improved electrical performance of nano photodiode made of graphene, S‐SWCNT:C60 established in the previous studies and the excellent bio‐interface performance of this nano photodiode shows that the nano photodiode array proposed by the authors is a strong candidate for subretinal implants.
Fault early warning in air‐insulated substations by RSSI‐based angle of arrival estimation and monopole UHF wireless sensor array
Authors: Wu Fan , Luo Lingen , Song Hui , Sheng Gehao , Jiang Xiuchen
Published: March 2020

To achieve comprehensive insulation deterioration monitoring of power equipment and fault early warning in air‐insulated substations, the detection and localisation of partial discharge (PD) using ultra‐high frequency (UHF) antennas were widely studied. The existing UHF PD localisation system is mainly based on time‐difference of electromagnetic wave signal, which requires very high time synchronisation accuracy and sampling rate. This study proposes a received signal strength indicator (RSSI)‐based angle of arrival (AoA) method using the monopole UHF wireless sensor array. Multiple antennas are evenly placed in a circle frame and form an antenna array. Then an AoA estimation scheme is derived from the radiation pattern of designed UHF antenna. RSSI difference data, interpolation, and clustering are applied to improve the AoA resolution. A field test is performed to verify the effectiveness of the proposed PD localisation system. The results show that the estimated error on average is below 3.5°. Compared to the time‐difference‐based method, the accuracy of the designed system is more feasible for practical application of fault early warning considering its significant low‐cost feature.
Power quality control through automated demand side management in microgrid equipped with battery energy storage for protection
Authors: Kaushal Jitender , Basak Prasenjit
Published: March 2020

Apparently, battery energy storage (BES), intelligent protection and power quality are considered as independent issues. These three factors can be interlinked effectively for control of microgrid through automated demand side management (ADSM). In this context, the proposed approach may change the conventional way for microgrid operation and control giving priority to the power quality issues considering protection and BES systems. The control algorithm is implemented through fuzzy inference system based power quality monitoring index and ADSM. As a part of intelligent protection, logic table for circuit breaker (CB) coordination has been developed without/with backup for relay devices to provide ADSM. The model has been simulated using Matlab‐software and validated experimentally using OPAL‐RT OP4510 real‐time simulator through the assessment of power quality‐related parameters such as voltage, frequency, total harmonic distortion and power factor. The results are found satisfactory showing the feasibility of the proposed microgrid model.
Optimal placement of direct current power system stabiliser (DC‐PSS) in multi‐terminal HVDC grids
Authors: Azizi Neda , Moradi CheshmehBeigi Hassan , Rouzbehi Kumars
Published: March 2020

This study focuses on the selection of the most effective location of direct current power system stabiliser (DC‐PSS) in multi‐terminal high‐voltage direct current (MT‐HVDC) grids that is applied to voltage source converter (VSC) to voltage stability enhancement and oscillation damping. Due to the adverse interaction between having multiple number of DC‐PSS, it is necessary to select the best location for installing DC‐PSS in MT‐HVDC grid. In this study, the participation factor (PF) method is used. This method assists to find which power converters are more sensitive and have a major impact on the instability of the entire system. In this approach, the whole of the system is modelled as a multi‐input multi‐output (MIMO) dynamic system. PFs related to each power converter are intended by the oscillatory mode sensitivity analysis against the components of the MIMO matrix of the system. The PF analysis determines which VSC station is more participating in the small‐signal instability of the system. In order to endorse the efficiency of the proposed method, time‐domain MATLAB simulations are conducted in Cigré MT‐ HVDC grid benchmark.
Imbalance recovery performance analysis and improvement for MMC‐HVDC systems considering DC current dynamics
Authors: Liu Ziwen , Zhao Jinquan , Zhu Yaoliang
Published: March 2020

This study presents the imbalance recovery performance analysis of modular multilevel converter high voltage direct current (MMC‐HVDC) systems considering dc current dynamics, and proposes an enhanced control to improve the system's internal stability response. The numerical expressions of the imbalance recovery speed and overshoot amplitude response of dc current components in upper and lower arms of the MMC phase unit are firstly derived analytically, which reveal that the system can be prone to poor imbalance recovery performance after sudden disturbance impacts with no auxiliary control. According to the analysis results, an improved control based on the adaptive virtual resistance method is proposed for the MMC‐HVDC systems to reduce the recovery time regarding different system operating states. The key control parameter design of the adaptive virtual resistance is also simplified since a wider adjustment range of the parameters is allowed in the proposed method. In addition, the dc current components rebalance controller consisting of a low‐pass compensator is proposed to further reduce the overshoot amplitude of system internal response. With the implementation of the proposed control schemes, improved stability recovery performance of MMC‐HVDC systems can be achieved. Simulation results verify the effectiveness of the proposed control.
Energy storage traction power supply system and control strategy for an electrified railway
Authors: Chen Minwu , Cheng Yilin , Cheng Zhe , Zhang Diya , Lv Yabo , Liu Ruofei
Published: March 2020

To solve the negative sequence (NS) problem and enhance the regenerative braking energy (RBE) utilisation in an electrified railway, a novel energy storage traction power supply system (ESTPSS) is proposed in this study. In the new system, a power flow controller is adopted to compensate for the NS, and a super‐capacitor energy storage system is applied to absorb and release the RBE. In addition, through the cooperation of each part, the proposed power supply system can provide continuous power without neutral sections. The NS compensation principle of the new system is illustrated. Depending on the operational state of the traction load, the control model is presented for different working patterns, including a regenerative braking pattern, a peak clipping pattern and a valley filling pattern. Moreover, a hierarchical control strategy including upper energy management and low‐layer converter control is proposed, which effectively coordinate switches between the different working patterns. Finally, the validity of the control method and the excellent performance of the system are demonstrated by a case study. The results indicate that compared to a conventional TPSS, the ESTPSS increases the RBE utilisation of the system by 83%.
Stability analysis and control optimisation based on particle swarm algorithm of modular multilevel matrix converter in fractional frequency transmission system
Authors: Meng Yongqing , Li Sijia , Zou Yichao , Li Kaikai , Wang Xiuli , Wang Xifan
Published: March 2020

Modular multilevel matrix converter (M3C) is a competitive option in the fractional frequency transmission system (FFTS) application. Focusing on stability and power quality issues, this study firstly proposes a new mathematical model and control strategy. Different from the previous research, this control scheme is based on the frequency decoupling model of double dq coordinate transformation and the control of the sub‐converter, which implements the frequency decoupling control and solves the frequency leakage problem. Subsequently, a complete state‐space model and small‐signal model of M3C are built for analysing small disturbance stability. On this basis, the optimisation of M3C in FFTS is studied, and an optimisation method based on particle swarm algorithm is proposed. This method can directly design the adaptive objective function according to the optimisation requirements of system control performance to simultaneously optimise all controller parameters of the system. After optimisation, the stability and dynamic performance of the system have been significantly improved. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed control and optimisation is verified by the simulation results in MATLAB/ Simulink.
Data‐driven approach for real‐time distribution network reconfiguration
Authors: Yin Ziyang , Ji Xingquan , Zhang Yumin , Liu Qi , Bai Xingzhen
Published: March 2020

Finding a global optimal solution to the distribution network reconfiguration (DNR) problem in a short time is a challenging task. This study proposes a real‐time online data‐driven DNR (3DNR) method. Power loss minimisation, lowest bus voltage maximisation and reliability maximisation are taken as objectives. First, in this study, a methodology combining heuristic algorithm and metaheuristic algorithm to solve DNR is proposed. Then a set of data that satisfies the data drive model requirements is obtained. Next, the improved convolution neural network is used to train the data set of DNR. Unlike the state‐of‐art methods, the proposed 3DNR can realise the real‐time online reconfiguration without power flow calculation. The feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method are demonstrated on IEEE‐34, IEEE‐123, and a practical distribution system in Taiwan.
Influence of snow accretion on arc flashover gradient for various types of insulators
Authors: Hu Yuyao , Jiang Xingliang , Guo Sihua , Xian Richang , Zong Chunyu , Yang Zhongyi , Han Xingbo
Published: March 2020

Atmospheric snow accretion along the insulators can eventually bridge adjacent shed spacing, which pose severe risks to the security of power networks. Aiming to investigate the influence of snow accumulation on the electrical performance of various types of insulators, the flashover tests of snow‐accreted insulators were conducted. The effects of various factors on the electrical characteristics of insulators were analysed based on the experimental data. Results show that AC arc flashover gradient of the insulator covered with nonuniform snow accumulation is lower than that of the uniform snow‐covered insulator. The former is as low as 22.5% lower than the latter. Moreover, the AC arc flashover gradient of the porcelain and glass insulators is 0.27–6.27% higher than that of the DC. For a silicone rubber insulator, this gap is greater than 20%. The flashover gradient of the glass insulator is the minimum at the snow thickness of 10 mm. The flashover process of snow‐covered insulator is neither similar to that of the contaminated insulator nor different from that of the iced insulator but a combination of the two. The presented work helps to better understand the flashover mechanism of snow‐covered insulators, and take efforts to mitigate its effects.
Identification of filamentary structures in the environment of superclusters of galaxies in the Local Universe
Authors: Santiago-Bautista Iris , Caretta César A. , Bravo-Alfaro Héctor , Pointecouteau Etienne , Andernach Heinz
Published: March 2020

Context.Characterization of the internal structure of the superclusters of galaxies (walls, filaments, and knots where the clusters are located) is crucial for understanding the formation of the large-scale structure and for outlining the environment where galaxies evolved in the last few gigayears.

Aims.We aim to detect the compact regions of high relative density (clusters and rich groups of galaxies), to map the elongated structures of low relative density (filaments, bridges, and tendrils of galaxies), and to characterize the galaxies that populate the filaments and study the environmental effects they are subject to.

Methods.We used optical galaxies with spectroscopic redshifts from the SDSS-DR13 inside rectangular boxes encompassing the volumes of a sample of 46 superclusters of galaxies up toz= 0.15. A virial approximation was applied to correct the positions of the galaxies in the redshift space for the “finger of God” projection effect. Our methodology implements different classical pattern recognition and machine-learning techniques (Voronoi tessellation, hierarchical clustering, graph-network theory, and minimum spanning trees, among others), pipelined in the Galaxy System-Finding algorithm and the Galaxy Filament-Finding algorithm.

Results.In total, we detected 2705 galaxy systems (clusters and groups, of which 159 are new) and 144 galaxy filaments in the 46 superclusters of galaxies. The filaments we detected have a density contrast of above 3, with a mean value of around 10, a radius of about 2.5 h70−1Mpc, and lengths of between 9 and 130 h70−1Mpc. Correlations between the galaxy properties (mass, morphology, and activity) and the environment in which they reside (systems, filaments, and the dispersed component) suggest that galaxies closer to the skeleton of the filaments are more massive by up to 25% compared to those in the dispersed component; 70% of the galaxies in the filament region present early-type morphologies and the fractions of active galaxies (both AGNs and star-forming galaxies) seem to decrease as galaxies approach the filament.

Conclusions.Our results support the idea that galaxies in filaments are subject to environmental effects leading them to be more massive (probably due to larger rates of both merging and gas accretion), less active both in star formation and nuclear activity, and prone to the density–morphology relation. These results suggest that preprocessing in large-scale filaments could have significant effects on galaxy evolution.
Organizational features of innovative CAD implementation in existing production systems
Authors: Vannusov Denis , Dadonov Vladimir , Tereshchenko Maria
Published: March 2020

In the article reviewed automatic systems and their life cycle. Analyzed phases of the CAD implementation into civil engineering companies with regard to the factors that suppress their integration. Detailed processes of human-computer interaction during the implementation of innovative CAD technologies. Analyzed the results of this interaction.
System approach to organization of lean production
Authors: Kuizheva Saida , Zadorozhnaya Lyudmila , Chefranov Sergey , Gasheva Zarina
Published: March 2020

The complex of organizational problems of the process of distribution of lean production is Considered. The analysis of directions, specific measures and tools of formalization of the process of distribution of lean production is carried out. Features of procedures of the analysis of the current state and synthesis of specialized systems of management of process of distribution of lean production in the environment of economic subjects are defined, namely: development and introduction of the self-regulating organizations, technocenoses, multiagent systems, technologies of OLAPcube, Big Data.
The Impact of digital technology on e-commerce development in Russian Federation
Authors: Lobacheva Elena , Yadova Natalia
Published: March 2020

The article is devoted to the problem of development and influence of digital technologies on e-Commerce enterprises. The types and forms of digital technologies used in this field are studied the characteristics and features of modern e-Commerce in the Russian Federation are considered. The modern Russian e-Commerce market still lags behind foreign ones in terms of the number of users and assortment, but it shows high annual growth rates. The article substantiates the point of view that the further development of e-Commerce is one of the key drivers of growth of all trade in the Russian Federation and the economy total. So, it is very important to assess not only the current state of the e-commerce market, but also to identify perspective trends in its development. E-commerce analysis of research if indicates that modern digital technologies can shape and control the way that a buyer goes from getting acquainted with a product to purchasing it. Digital technologies help to create new patterns of customer relationship. The article offers an overview of the main areas of use of digital technologies that are used in this field: Big Data and personalization, mobile Commerce, Blockchain technology, social networks. This overview can be useful to the scientific and business communities when conducting research in the field of digital economy, when building business plans and strategies taking into account the use of modern digital technologies in the development of the information society.
Onlinebewertungsportale – Was tun bei schlechten Bewertungen im Netz?
Authors: Böhmig Carolin
Published: March 2020

Im Internet kann man sich heute über alles informieren. Erfahrungsberichte und Bewertungen von PatientInnen in Online-Bewertungsportalen können hilfreich sein, eine PsychotherapeutIn zu finden. Schlechte Bewertungen können aber auch einen guten Ruf ruinieren und Existenzen gefährden. Der Artikel zeigt, welche Art von Bewertung rechtlich unzulässig ist und was man tun kann, wenn doch einmal eine solche Bewertung im Netz landet.
Alltags-Check – Im Einsatz: Die patientenspezifische Funktionsskala
Authors: Reich Sonja
Published: March 2020

Die patientenspezifische Funktionsskala hilft Therapeuten, in wenigen Minuten herauszufinden, bei welchen Aktivitäten ihr Patient eingeschränkt ist. So lässt sich die Behandlung zielgerichtet und spezifisch gestalten und der Verlauf objektivieren.
Osteonecrose da cabeça do úmero: Avaliação dos resultados da artroplastia parcial com seguimento mínimo de 10 anos
Authors: Miyazaki Alberto Naoki , Sella Guilherme do Val , da Silva Luciana Andrade , Checchia Caio Santos , Lemos Felipe Cerávolo
Published: March 2020

Objetivo Analisar os resultados funcionais e radiográficos de longo prazo da artroplastia parcial do ombro para estosteonecrose da cabeça do úmero.

Métodos Revisão retrospectiva de 13 casos, com seguimento pós-operatório médio de 17 anos (variação de 10 a 26 anos). Os achados do último seguimento foram comparados àqueles em que os pacientes tinham com 1 ano de acompanhamento pós-operatório. A avaliação funcional consistiu em medidas do movimento do ombro e aplicação do escore do ombro da Universidade da Califórnia, Los Angeles (UCLA). Todos os pacientes foram submetidos a exame radiografico para medir a erosão glenoidal, a migração umeral proximal, e o deslocamento glenoumeral lateral.

Resultados A erosão da glenoide aumentou com o tempo significativamente (p < 0,05). Paradoxalmente, todos os movimentos ativos do ombro também melhoraram (p < 0,05), enquanto os escores da UCLA permaneceram os mesmos. A deterioração radiográfica não teve correlação com a função clínica. Tivemos uma taxa de sobrevida de 84,7% das artroplastias após tempo médio de 16 anos.

Conclusões Os resultados funcionais precoces mantiveram-se a longo prazo e não se correlacionem com a deterioração radiográfica (aumento da erosão glenoidal).
Estudo anatômico do ramo infrapatelar do nervo safeno em humanos
Authors: Luciano Alexandre Paiva , Honda Renan Toshio Melo , Kamar Anuar Ralio , Franco Filho Nelson , Vieira Magno César
Published: March 2020

Objetivo Realizar um estudo anatômico da localização do ramo infrapatelar do nervo safeno em relação às estruturas do joelho.

Métodos Estudo anatômico realizado por meio de dissecação de 18 joelhos (9 direitos e 9 esquerdos). Após a exposição do ramo infrapatelar e de seus ramos diretos e indiretos, seguiram-se as medidas deles. Como parâmetro do estudo, adotamos um quadrante na região medial do joelho delimitado por dois planos transversais.

Resultados Em 17 dos 18 joelhos estudados (94,4%), observou-se um único ramo infrapatelar. O ramo infrapatelar emergia por entre as fibras do ventre do músculo sartório em 17 dos 18 joelhos (94,4%). Em relação à ramificação, observamos que em 100% dos joelhos o ramo infrapatelar apresentava pelo menos uma ramificação primária, resultando num ramo superior e em outro inferior. Em 9 membros (50% dos casos), esta ramificação ocorria fora do quadrante proposto, e, no restante, dentro do quadrante.

Conclusão O ramo infrapatelar do nervo safeno foi encontrado em todos os joelhos dissecados e, em 94,4% dos casos, ele era do tipo penetrante; em 100% dos casos, ele originava 2 ramos diretos primários. Seus ramos diretos e indiretos apresentaram grande variabilidade quanto ao trajeto.
Long-time dynamics of Kirchhoff equations with exponential nonlinearities
Authors: Ma Honglv , Chen Biyue , Xie Jun
Published: March 2020

Our aim in this paper is to study the initial boundary problem for the two-dimensional Kirchhoff type wave equation with an exponentially growing source term. We first prove that the Kirchhoff wave model is globally well-posed in (H01(Ω)∩L∞(Ω))×L2(Ω), which covers the case of degenerate stiffness coefficient, and then obtain that the semigroup generated by the problem has a global attractor in the corresponding phase space. We also point out that the above results are still true in the natural energy space H01(Ω)×L2(Ω).
Numerical simulation of the metal bridge foil explosion plasma ignition of B/KNO3
Authors: Wu Junying , Liu Jiaxi , Yang Lijun , Li Yaojiang , Chen Lang
Published: March 2020

Plasma ignition technology utilizes the plasma generated by an electrical explosion of a metal bridge foil under the action of a pulsed current to ignite an ignition charge. The plasma generated by the electrical explosion of a metal array bridge foil can be superimposed and converged to improve the energy utilization efficiency of the electrical explosion process and enhance the ignition capability. A multiphase-flow numerical calculation model of the electrical explosion plasma-ignition process was established, and numerical simulations were carried out. In the simulations, a plasma state equation that considers changes in the number of particles and the Coulomb interactions between particles was employed, and the Arrhenius law, which describes the exothermic heat of the ignition charge, was used. The ignition mechanism of the ignition charge under the action of plasma was analyzed, and the influences of the bridge foil structural characteristics on the ignition effect of the ignition charge were examined. The results of the calculations show that the plasma region, the plasma jet, and the pressure shock wave do not reach the ignition surface of the ignition charge when it is ignited. The ignition of the ignition charge is due to the thermal radiation process of the plasma. Compared to a single bridge foil, a metal array bridge foil has a larger plasma radiation region after an electrical explosion, and the ignition charge absorbs more energy from the plasma radiation, which is more favorable for ignition.
Reinforcement learning for suppression of collective activity in oscillatory ensembles
Authors: Krylov Dmitrii , Dylov Dmitry V. , Rosenblum Michael
Published: March 2020

We present the use of modern machine learning approaches to suppress self-sustained collective oscillations typically signaled by ensembles of degenerative neurons in the brain. The proposed hybrid model relies on two major components: an environment of oscillators and a policy-based reinforcement learning block. We report a model-agnostic synchrony control based on proximal policy optimization and two artificial neural networks in an Actor–Critic configuration. A class of physically meaningful reward functions enabling the suppression of collective oscillatory mode is proposed. The synchrony suppression is demonstrated for two models of neuronal populations—for the ensembles of globally coupled limit-cycle Bonhoeffer–van der Pol oscillators and for the bursting Hindmarsh–Rose neurons using rectangular and charge-balanced stimuli.
Mechanism of L2,3-edge x-ray magnetic circular dichroism intensity from quantum chemical calculations and experiment—A case study on V(IV)/V(III) complexes
Authors: Maganas Dimitrios , Kowalska Joanna K. , Van Stappen Casey , DeBeer Serena , Neese Frank
Published: March 2020

In this work, we present a combined experimental and theoretical study on the V L2,3-edge x-ray absorption (XAS) and x-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD) spectra of VIVO(acac)2 and VIII(acac)3 prototype complexes. The recorded V L2,3-edge XAS and XMCD spectra are richly featured in both V L3 and L2 spectral regions. In an effort to predict and interpret the nature of the experimentally observed spectral features, a first-principles approach for the simultaneous prediction of XAS and XMCD spectra in the framework of wavefunction based ab initio methods is presented. The theory used here has previously been formulated for predicting optical absorption and MCD spectra. In the present context, it is applied to the prediction of the V L2,3-edge XAS and XMCD spectra of the VIVO(acac)2 and VIII(acac)3 complexes. In this approach, the spin-free Hamiltonian is computed on the basis of the complete active space configuration interaction (CASCI) in conjunction with second order N-electron valence state perturbation theory (NEVPT2) as well as the density functional theory (DFT)/restricted open configuration interaction with singles configuration state functions based on a ground state Kohn-Sham determinant (ROCIS/DFT). Quasi-degenerate perturbation theory is then used to treat the spin–orbit coupling (SOC) operator variationally at the many particle level. The XAS and XMCD transitions are computed between the relativistic many particle states, considering their respective Boltzmann populations. These states are obtained from the diagonalization of the SOC operator along with the spin and orbital Zeeman operators. Upon averaging over all possible magnetic field orientations, the XAS and XMCD spectra of randomly oriented samples are obtained. This approach does not rely on the validity of low-order perturbation theory and provides simultaneous access to the calculation of XMCD A, B, and C terms. The ability of the method to predict the XMCD C-term signs and provide access to the XMCD intensity mechanism is demonstrated on the basis of a generalized state coupling mechanism based on the type of the excitations dominating the relativistically corrected states. In the second step, the performance of CASCI, CASCI/NEVPT2, and ROCIS/DFT is evaluated. The very good agreement between theory and experiment has allowed us to unravel the complicated XMCD C-term mechanism on the basis of the SOC interaction between the various multiplets with spin S′ = S, S ± 1. In the last step, it is shown that the commonly used spin and orbital sum rules are inadequate in interpreting the intensity mechanism of the XAS and XMCD spectra of the VIVO(acac)2 and VIII(acac)3 complexes as they breakdown when they are employed to predict their magneto-optical properties. This conclusion is expected to hold more generally.