bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Church of the Intercession of the Theotokos in Polotsk: the activity in the 1920s — 1930s
Authors: Авчинникова Ю. А. , Соловьёв А. A.
Published: March 2023

В данной статье рассматриваются особенности функционирования прихода одной из церквей г. Полоцка — храма Покрова Пресвятой Богородицы в контексте обновленческого церковного раскола, советской антирелигиозной политики и репрессий 1920-х — 1930-х гг. На основе изученных архивных источников анализируются результаты деятельности полоцкой Комиссии по охране памятников старины и искусства, Уездной комиссии по изъятию ценностей из храмов и молитвенных домов, Уездного исполнительного комитета и других органов и учреждений государственного управления в отношении прихода храма Покрова. Представлены данные о численности и составе приходского совета (по состоянию на 1925 г.), приведен текст Устава Полоцкой Свято-Покровской приходской общины, который регламентировал все аспекты её функционирования, декларировал основные принципы, цели и задачи деятельности. Особое внимание уделяется рассмотрению причин и условий перехода священства и прихожан Покровской церкви в «обновленчество» в апреле 1923 г. В целом ставится задача проанализировать трансформацию православных приходских институтов в условиях советского государственного регулирования на территории БССР в 1920-х — 1930-х гг. в рамках деятельности отдельно взятого православного храма.

The article studies the features of the functioning of the parish of a Polotsk church — the Church of the Intercession of the Theotokos — in the context of the renovationist church schism, Soviet anti-religious policy and repressions of the 1920s — 1930s. The article provides the archival data analysis of the performance of Polotsk Commission for the Protection of Ancient Monuments and Art, the Uyezd Commission for the Seizure of Values from Churches and Prayer Houses, the Uyezd Executive Committee and other government bodies and institutions in relation to the parish of the Church of the Intercession. It presents the data on the number and composition of the parish council (as of 1925), as well as the text of the Charter of Polotsk Intercession of the Theotokos Parish community, which regulated all aspects of its functioning, declared the main principles, goals and objectives of its activity. Particular attention is paid to the consideration of the reasons and conditions for the transition of the priesthood and parishioners of the Intercession Church to the «renovationism» in April 1923. In general, the task is to analyze the transformation of Orthodox parish institutions under the conditions of Soviet state regulation on the territory of the BSSR in the 1920s–1930s within the framework of the activities of a single Orthodox church.
Holy Trinity Monastery in the Sochi District of the Black Sea Province: The Fate of the Monastery (1902 — till present)
Authors: Вальченко А. В.
Published: March 2023

Интерес к трагической истории Свято-Троицкого мужского монастыря обусловлен возвращением в 2021 году в собственность православной церкви участка с имеющимися на нем строениями в с. Монастырь Адлерского района города-курорта Сочи Краснодарского края для работ по восстановлению святой обители. В данном исследовании на основе анализа доступных документальных архивных материалов, справочников, мемуарных источников и периодики начала XX века, предпринята попытка проследить ключевые этапы создания и функционирования Свято-Троицкого мужского монастыря, располагавшегося в ущелье Ахцу по дороге на Красную Поляну. В статье значительное внимание уделяется правовым основам создания и закрытия монастыря, его материальной базе и особенностям внутреннего устройства, результативности его практической деятельности и характеру взаимодействия с местным населением. Автор приходит к выводу, что, несмотря на недолгий жизненный век (1902–1924), Троицкая обитель внесла заметную лепту в историю православия на территории Большого Сочи.

Since the site of the Holy Trinity Monastery, existed until its closure (1902–1924) in Monastery village, Adler district, Sochi, has been returned to the stewardship of the Orthodox Church in 2021, it revealed an interest in its dramatic history. In this study, based on the analysis of available documentary archival materials, reference books, memoirs and periodicals of the early 20th century, an attempt was made to trace the key stages in the creation and functioning of the Holy Trinity Monastery. Considerable attention is paid to the legal foundations for the creation and closing of the monastery, its material base and features of the internal structure, the effectiveness of its practical activities and the nature of interaction with the local population. The author comes to the conclusion that, despite the short lifetime, the Trinity Monastery made a significant contribution to the history of Orthodoxy in the Greater Sochi.
Religious Policy and Theological Content of the Imperial Letters: «Encyclicals» by Basiliscus, «Enotikon» by Zinon and «Tipos» by Anastasius I Part 1
Authors: Кожухов С.
Published: March 2023

В данном исследовании рассматривается церковная политика императора Василиска (475–476) и предлагается богословский анализ его указа под названием «Энциклика», которая стала первым официальным имперским документом, направленным против Халкидонского Собора (451) и его учения о двух природах во Христе после воплощения. «Энциклика» ставит Халкидонский Собор вне церковной традиции, противопоставляя его трём предыдущим Вселенским Соборам. На этом фоне даётся анализ седьмого правила Ефесского Собора (431), позиции Диоскора Александрийского и сопутствующих исторических событий.

This study examines the church policy of Emperor Basilisk (475–476) and offers a theological analysis of his decree entitled «Encyclical», which became the first official imperial document directed against the Council of Chalcedon (451) and his doctrine of the two natures in Christ after the incarnation. The «Encyclical» places the Council of Chalcedon outside the church tradition, contrasting it with the Three previous Ecumenical Councils. Against this background, the analysis of the seventh rule of the Council of Ephesus (431), the position of Dioscorus of Alexandria and the accompanying historical events is given.
Проблема идентичности верующих советских граждан в проповедях свт. Луки (Войно-Ясенецкого)
Authors: Лизгунов П.
Published: March 2023

Статья продолжает исследование темы социально-политических высказываний всемирно известного исповедника, архипастыря и хирурга свт. Луки (Войно-Ясенецкого). Настоящая публикация освещает его проповедническую деятельность в 1940–1950-е гг. Проповеди святителя исследуются в ракурсе проблемы двойственной идентичности верующих советских граждан. В проповедях святителя присутствуют следующие основные мотивы: обличение фашистской Германии, буржуазных стран Европы и Америки в их противостоянии с Советским Союзом, нередко встречается похвала внешней политики и внутреннего строя советского государства как по сравнению с современными государствами, так и по сравнению с дореволюционной Россией. Также его обращения к пастве содержат скрытую и даже явную критику отдельных аспектов жизни Советского Союза. Проповеди святителя дают прямой ответ на поставленный в данной и предыдущей статьях вопрос о двойственной идентичности православных советских людей. Святитель явным образом выражает традиционное православное учение о том, что христианин прежде всего должен мыслить себя гражданином Царства Небесного и лишь во вторую — гражданином царства земного.

The Problem of Identity of Soviet Citizens — Orthodox Believers in Sermons of St. Luke (Voino-Yasenetsky)

The article continues the study of the topic of socio-political statements of the world-famous confessor, archpastor and surgeon St. Luke (Voino-Yasenetsky). This publication covers his preaching activities in the 1940s — 1950s. The sermons of the saint are studied from the perspective of the problem of the dual identity of believing Soviet citizens. The sermons of the saint contain the following main motives: denunciation of nazi Germany, the capitalist countries of Europe and America in their confrontation with the Soviet Union, praise of the foreign policy and internal structure of the Soviet state is often found both in comparison with modern states and with pre-revolutionary Russia. Also, his appeals to the flock contain hidden and even explicit criticism of certain aspects of the life of the Soviet Union. The sermons of the saint give a direct answer to the question posed in this and previous articles about the dual identity of Orthodox Soviet people. The saint explicitly expresses the traditional Orthodox doctrine that a Christian must first of all think of himself as a citizen of the Heavenly Kingdom and only secondarily as a citizen of the earthly kingdom.
Ideological Distortions of Russian Church History in the Works of Ukrainian Soviet Authors of the Second Half of the 1980s
Authors: Савчук Р.
Published: March 2023

Одна из главных задач настоящего исследования — проследить идеологические особенности формирования исторического мышления украинских историков в контексте осмысления роли и места Церкви в прошлом страны. С помощью историко-типологического и историко-сравнительного методов проанализированы публикации украинских историков, философов и общественных деятелей второй половины 1980-х гг., касающиеся вопросов церковной истории. В статье также рассматриваются конкретные примеры реализации данных методов при искажении исторической действительности в культурной, социальной, общественно-государственной сферах. Отдельно проанализирован идеологический миф о «церковном модернизме» в русском богословии второй половины ХХ в. Обосновываются выводы о том, что влияние советской атеистической идеологии на церковно-исторические исследования оставалось достаточно сильным; основными методологическими приёмами идеологического искажения церковной истории были: огульное упрощение исторической действительности; целенаправленное упрощение церковной трактовки прошлого Руси, искажение выводов христианских авторов; формирование отрицательного отношения к позиции церковных учёных с помощью навешивания ярлыков, необоснованного противопоставления «свой — чужой», «прогрессивный — отсталый», «научный — выдуманный»; использование экспрессивной, отрицательно окрашенной лексики.

The second half of the 1980s opens a new stage of Ukrainian historiography. It was connected with the processes of democratization of the socio-political life of the country. However, the influence of Soviet atheist ideology on church-historical research remained quite strong. one of the main tasks of this study is to trace the ideological features of the formation of the historical thinking of Ukrainian historians in the context of understanding the role and place of the Church in the country's past. Using historical-typological and historical-comparative methods, the authors analyze the publications of Ukrainian historians, philosophers, and public figures of the second half of the 1980s concerning issues of church history. The author substantiates the conclusions that the main methodological methods of ideological distortion of church history were: wholesale simplification of historical reality; purposeful simplification of the church's interpretation of the past of Russia, distortion of the conclusions of Christian authors; the formation of a negative attitude to the position of church scientists by labeling, unjustified opposition «friend — foe», «progressive — backward», «scientific-fictional»; the use of expressive, negatively colored vocabulary. The article also discusses specific examples of the implementation of these methods in the distortion of historical reality in the cultural, social, public and state spheres. The ideological myth of «church modernism» in Russian theology of the second half of the twentieth century is analyzed separately.
The History of Eastern Slavic Paganism Academic Research: Review of the Sources of the Second Half of the XIX Century — 1917
Authors: Корытко О.
Published: March 2023

Данная статья продолжает обзор научных исследований в области верований восточных славян, вышедший в «Богословском вестнике» № 1 (44) за 2022 г. В статье рассматривается важный для отечественной гуманитарной науки период, связанный с осмыслением сущностных черт славянской мифологии. Автор прослеживает путь изучения славянской мифологии в период со второй половины XIX в. по 1917 г. Статья начинается обзором работ, пытавшихся выявить истоки архаических представлений (Щапов, Щепкин). Рассматриваются идеи солярно-мифологической школы (Афанасьев) и использование сравнительно-исторического метода (Сумцов), указываются достижения исторической школы (Миллер), анализируется распространение идей диффузионизма (Ружнецкий, Корш) и последующее доминирование эволюционизма (Нидерле). Статья завершается оценкой научного вклада Д. К. Зеленина, использовавшего комплексный подход к изучаемым вопросам. В статье получил отражение сложный путь научного поиска в указанный период, с очевидными достижениями, неизбежными ошибками и не всегда обоснованными предположениями. Методология, применяемая при составлении обзора, носит комплексный характер с учётом не только данных, предоставленных светскими науками (филологией, этнографией, религиоведением, фольклористикой), но и с опорой на богословское видение описываемых феноменов.

The article continues an overview of the scientific studies on Eastern Slavs’ pagan beliefs, published in the previous issue of Theological Bulletin, no 1 (44), 2022. The author considers a period important for the Russian humanities and related to understanding the essential features of Slavic mythology. The article presents a path of the scientific studies from the 2nd half of the XIX century till 1917. The first scientific attempts (Shchapov, Shchepkin) to identify the origins of archaic ideas are lightened in the beginning of the article. The ideas of the solar-mythological school (Afanasyev) and the usage of the comparative historical method (Sumtsov) are given a general analysis. The author pays attention to the achievements of the historical school (Miller), considers the ideas of diffusionism (Ruzhnetsky, Korsh) and the subsequent dominance of evolutionism (niederle), concluding with an assessment of the scientific contribution of Zelenin, who used an integrated approach to the issues under study. The article reflects the complex path of scientific research in the specified period, with obvious achievements, inevitable mistakes and not always reasonable assumptions. The methodology used by the author takes into account not only the data provided by secular sciences (philology, ethnography, religious studies, folklore studies), but also bases on the theological vision of the phenomena described.
Exploration of metaphors as a way to understand socio-technical phenomena: An emergent framework
Authors: Hansen Mille Edith Kjærsgaard , Crusoe Jonathan , Melin Ulf
Published: March 2023

The intangible and (often) young nature of socio-technical phenomena makes them difficult to understand and communicate. Researchers and practitioners have responded by applying metaphors, prescribing an epistemological structure to these phenomena. While metaphors are frequently applied, researchers have paid limited attention to their applications and limitations. To address this gap, we applied a mixed-method approach, exploring the communities’ applications of metaphors for the conceptual development of socio-technical phenomena, using two communities: Open Government Data and IT Development and Maintenance. We synthesised 21 articles and two books into an emergent analytical framework, Communities’ Applications Of Metaphors (CAOM). We collected empirical material for each community’s academic and practical sides between 2015–2020, resulting in 100 articles and 263 documents. We conducted a word frequency analysis and an in-depth analysis of the empirical material, drawing on CAOM. The contributions are the emergent CAOM framework with the key concepts of metaphors’ usage, expression, and assemblages of metaphors. We conclude that the application of metaphors in communities is influenced by community type and metaphors’ role, while the topic influences metaphor selection. Metaphors are combined to create new ways of reasoning. We recommend that governments draw on action-oriented metaphors when writing policies for socio-technical phenomena, while digital government researchers should include action-oriented elements when they develop metaphors, which can help practitioners put new knowledge into practice.
Associations Between Ambient Air Pollution and Cognitive Abilities from Midlife to Early Old Age: Modification by APOE Genotype
Authors: Franz Carol E. , Gustavson Daniel E. , Elman Jeremy A. , Fennema-Notestine Christine , Hagler Jr. Donald J. , Baraff Aaron , Tu Xin M. , Wu Tsung-Chin , De Anda Jaden , Beck Asad , Kaufman Joel D. , Whitsel Nathan , Finch Caleb E. , Chen Jiu-Chiuan , Lyons Michael J. , Kremen William S.
Published: March 2023

Background: Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) measures of ambient air pollution are associated with accelerated age-related cognitive impairment, and Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias (ADRD). Objective: We examined associations between air pollution, four cognitive factors, and the moderating role of apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotype in the understudied period of midlife. Methods: Participants were ∼1,100 men in the Vietnam Era Twin Study of Aging. Baseline cognitive assessments were from 2003 to 2007. Measures included past (1993–1999) and recent (3 years prior to baseline assessment) PM2.5 and NO2 exposure, in-person assessment of episodic memory, executive function, verbal fluency, and processing speed, and APOE genotype. Average baseline age was 56 years with a 12-year follow-up. Analyses adjusted for health and lifestyle covariates. Results: Performance in all cognitive domains declined from age 56 to 68. Higher PM2.5 exposures were associated with worse general verbal fluency. We found significant exposure-by-APOE genotype interactions for specific cognitive domains: PM2.5 with executive function and NO2 with episodic memory. Higher PM2.5 exposure was related to worse executive function in APOE ɛ4 carriers, but not in non-carriers. There were no associations with processing speed. Conclusion: These results indicate negative effects of ambient air pollution exposure on fluency alongside intriguing differential modifications of cognitive performance by APOE genotype. APOE ɛ4 carriers appeared more sensitive to environmental differences. The process by which air pollution and its interaction with genetic risk for ADRD affects risk for later life cognitive decline or progression to dementia may begin in midlife.
Variation in Group Composition Alters an Early-Stage Social Phenotype in hAPP-Transgenic J20 Mice
Authors: Lanooij Suzanne D. , Eisel Ulrich L.M. , van der Zee Eddy A. , Kas Martien J.H.
Published: March 2023

Background: Altered social behavior is one of the symptoms of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) that results in social withdrawal and loneliness and provides a major burden on patients and their relatives. Furthermore, loneliness is associated with an increased risk to develop AD and related dementias. Objective: We aimed to investigate if altered social behavior is an early indicator of amyloid-β (Aβ) pathology in J20 mice, and if co-housing with wild type (WT) mice can positively influence this social phenotype. Methods: The social phenotype of group-housed mice was assessed using an automated behavioral scoring system for longitudinal recordings. Female mice were housed in a same-genotype (4 J20 or WT mice per colony) or mixed-genotype (2 J20 mice + 2 WT mice) colony. At 10 weeks of age, their behavior was assessed for five consecutive days. Results: J20 mice showed increased locomotor activity and social sniffing, and reduced social contact compared to WT mice housed in same-genotype colonies. Mixed-genotype housing reduced the social sniffing duration of J20 mice, increased social contact frequency of J20 mice, and increased nest hide by WT mice. Conclusion: Thus, altered social behavior can be used as an early indicator of Aβ-pathology in female J20 mice. Additionally, when co-housed with WT mice, their social sniffing phenotype is not expressed and their social contact phenotype is reduced. Our findings highlight the presence of a social phenotype in the early stages of AD and indicate a role for social environment variation in the expression of social behavior of WT and J20 mice.
Cerebral Small Vessel Disease Burden Predicts Neurodegeneration and Clinical Progression in Prodromal Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Sun Yan ,   for the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative, Hu He-Ying , Hu Hao , Huang Liang-Yu , Tan Lan , Yu Jin-Tai
Published: March 2023

Background: Cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) has been suggested to contribute to the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Objective: This study aimed to comprehensively investigated the associations of CSVD burden with cognition and AD pathologies. Methods: A total of 546 non-demented participants (mean age, 72.1 years, range, 55–89; 47.4% female) were included. The longitudinal neuropathological and clinical correlates of CSVD burden were assessed using linear mixed-effects and Cox proportional-hazard models. Partial least squares structural equation model (PLS-SEM) was used to assess the direct and indirect effects of CSVD burden on cognition. Results: We found that higher CSVD burden was associated with worse cognition (MMSE, β= –0.239, p = 0.006; MoCA, β= –0.493, p = 0.013), lower cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) Aβ level (β= –0.276, p < 0.001) and increased amyloid burden (β= 0.048, p = 0.002). In longitudinal, CSVD burden contributed to accelerated rates of hippocampus atrophy, cognitive decline, and higher risk of AD dementia. Furthermore, as the results of PLS-SEM, we observed both significant direct and indirect impact of advanced age (direct, β= –0.206, p < 0.001; indirect, β= –0.002, p = 0.043) and CSVD burden (direct, β= –0.096, p = 0.018; indirect, β= –0.005, p = 0.040) on cognition by Aβ-p-tau-tau pathway. Conclusion: CSVD burden could be a prodromal predictor for clinical and pathological progression. Simultaneously, we found that the effects were mediated by the one-direction-only sequence of pathological biomarker changes starting with Aβ, through abnormal p-tau, and neurodegeneration.
Artificial Intelligence Model for Alzheimer’s Disease Detection with Convolution Neural Network for Magnetic Resonance Images
Authors: Ziyad Shabana R. , Alharbi Meshal , Altulyan May
Published: March 2023

Background: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease that drastically affects brain cells. Early detection of this disease can reduce the brain cell damage rate and improve the prognosis of the patient to a great extent. The patients affected with AD tend to depend on their children and relatives for their daily chores. Objective: This research study utilizes the latest technologies of artificial intelligence and computation power to aid the medical industry. The study aims at early detection of AD to enable doctors to treat patients with the appropriate medication in the early stages of the disease condition. Methods: In this research study, convolutional neural networks, an advanced deep learning technique, are adopted to classify AD patients with their MRI images. Deep learning models with customized architecture are precise in the early detection of diseases with images retrieved by neuroimaging techniques. Results: The convolution neural network model classifies the patients as diagnosed with AD or cognitively normal. Standard metrics evaluate the model performance to compare with the state-of-the-art methodologies. The experimental study of the proposed model shows promising results with an accuracy of 97%, precision of 94%, recall rate of 94%, and f1-score of 94%. Conclusion: This study leverages powerful technologies like deep learning to aid medical practitioners in diagnosing AD. It is crucial to detect AD early to control and slow down the rate at which the disease progresses.
Influence of Host Age on Intracranial AAV9 TauP301L Induced Tauopathy
Authors: Tetlow Amber M. , Jackman Brianna M. , Alhadidy Mohammed M. , Perumal Varshini , Morgan David G. , Gordon Marcia N.
Published: March 2023

Background: Advanced age is the greatest risk factor for the development of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). This implies that some aspect of the aged milieu is possibly accelerating the development of AD related pathologies. Objective: We hypothesized that intracranially injected with AAV9 tauP301L may cause a greater degree of pathology in old versus young mice. Methods: Animals were injected with viral vectors overexpressing the mutant tauP301L or control protein (green fluorescent protein, GFP) into the brains of mature, middle-aged, and old C57BL/6Nia mice. The tauopathy phenotype was monitored four months after injection using behavioral, histological, and neurochemical measures. Results: Phosphorylated-tau immunostaining (AT8) or Gallyas staining of aggregated tau increased with age, but other measures of tau accumulation were not significantly affected. Overall, AAV-tau injected mice had impaired radial arm water maze performance, increased microglial activation, and showed evidence of hippocampal atrophy. Aging impaired open field and rotarod performance in both AAV-tau and control mice. The efficiency of viral transduction and gene expression were the same at all animal ages. Conclusion: We conclude that tauP301L over expression results in a tauopathy phenotype with memory impairment and accumulation of aggregated tau. However, the effects of aging on this phenotype are modest and not detected by some markers of tau accumulation, similar to prior work on this topic. Thus, although age does influence the development of tauopathy, it is likely that other factors, such as ability to compensate for tau pathology, are more responsible for the increased risk of AD with advanced age.
Test-retest reliability of a photographic marker-based system for postural examination
Authors: Temporiti Federico , Adamo Paola , Mandelli Andrea , Buccolini Fabio , Viola Erika , Aguzzi Damiano , Gatti Roberto , Barajon Isabella
Published: March 2023

BACKGROUND: The BHOHB system (Bhohb S.r.l., Italy) is a portable non-invasive photographic marker-based device for postural examination. OBJECTIVE: To assess the test-retest reliability of the BHOHB system and compare its reliability with an optoelectronic system (SMART-DX 700, BTS, Italy). METHODS: Thirty volunteers were instructed to stand upright with five markers on the spinous processes of C7, T6, T12, L3 and S1 vertebrae to define the dorsal kyphosis and lumbar lordosis (sagittal plane) angles. Three markers were placed on the great trochanter, apex of iliac crest and lateral condyle of the femur to detect pelvic tilt. Finally, to define angles between the acromion and the spinous processes (frontal plane), two markers were placed on the right and left acromion. Postural angles were recoded simultaneously with BHOHB and optoelectronic systems during two consecutive recording sessions. RESULTS: The BHOHB system revealed excellent reliability for all the angles (ICCs: 0.92–0.99, SEM: 0.78∘–3.33∘) as well as a shorter processing time compared to the optoelectronic system. Excellent reliability was also found for all the angles detected through the optoelectronic system (ICCs: 0.91–0.99, SEM: 0.84∘–2.80∘). CONCLUSION: The BHOHB system resulted as a reliable non-invasive and user-friendly device to monitor spinal posture, especially in subjects requiring repeat examinations.
Mean nocturnal baseline impedance: Influencing factors and diagnostic value in gastroesophageal reflux disease
Authors: Wang Ning , Guo Zi-Hao , Wu Yan-Hong , Zhang Chuan
Published: March 2023

BACKGROUND: At present, there are few studies related to mean nocturnal baseline impedance (MNBI), esophageal dynamic reflux monitoring, high-resolution esophageal manometry (HRM) parameter indexes, and its diagnostic value in gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). OBJECTIVE: To analyze the factors influencing MNBI and examine the diagnostic value of MNBI in GERD. METHODS: A retrospective analysis on 434 patients with typical reflux symptoms who underwent gastroscopy, 24-hour multichannel intraluminal impedance and pH monitoring (MII/pH) and HRM. They were divided into the conclusive evidence group (103 cases), borderline evidence group (229 cases), and exclusion evidence group (102 cases) according to the level of diagnostic evidence of GERD based on the Lyon Consensus. We analyzed the differences in MNBI, esophagitis grade, MII/pH and HRM index among the groups; the correlation between MNBI and the above indexes and its influence on MNBI; and to evaluate the diagnostic value of MNBI in GERD. RESULTS: There were significant differences in MNBI, Acid Exposure Time (AET) 4%, DeMeester score, and total reflux episodes among the three groups (P< 0.001). EGJ contractile integral (EGJ-CI) of the conclusive evidence group and the borderline evidence group was significantly lower than that in the exclusion evidence group (P< 0.001). MNBI was significantly and negatively correlated with age, BMI, AET 4%, DeMeester score, total reflux episodes, EGJ classification, esophageal motility abnormalities, and esophagitis grade (all P< 0.05), and significantly and positively correlated with EGJ-CI (P< 0.001). Age, BMI, AET 4%, EGJ classification, EGJ-CI, and esophagitis grade had significant effects on MNBI (P< 0.05); MNBI was used to diagnose GERD with a diagnostic cutoff of 2061 Ω, and AUC was 0.792 (sensitivity 74.9%, specificity 67.4%); MNBI was used to diagnose exclusion evidence group with a diagnostic cutoff of 2432 Ω, AUC was 0.774 (sensitivity 67.6%, specificity 72%). CONCLUSION: AET, EGJ-CI, and esophagitis grade are the most important influence factors of MNBI. MNBI has good diagnostic value in identifying conclusive GERD.
Enhancing privacy for automatically detected quasi identifier using data anonymization
Authors: Sathiya Devi S. , Indhumathi R.
Published: March 2023

The fast advancement of information technology has resulted in more efficient information storage and retrieval. As a result, most organizations, businesses, and governments are releasing and exchanging a large amount of micro data among themselves for commercial or research purposes. However, incorrect data exchange will result in privacy breaches. Many methods and strategies have been developed to address privacy breaches, and Anonymization is one of them that many companies use. In order to perform anonymization, identification of the Quasi Identifier (QI) is significant. Hence this paper proposes a method called Quasi Identification Based on Tree (QIBT) for automatic QI identification. The proposed method derives the QI, based on the relationship between the numbers of distinct values assumed by the set of attributes. So, it uses the tree data structure to derive the unique and infrequent attribute values from the entire dataset with less computational cost. The proposed method consists of four phases: (i) Unique attribute value computation (ii) Tree construction and (iii) Computation of quasi-identifier from the tree (iv) Applying Anonymization Technique to the identified QI. Attributes with high risk of disclosure are identified using our proposed algorithm. Synthetic data are created exclusively for the detected QI using a partial synthetic data generating technique to improve usefulness. The suggested method’s efficiency is tested with a subset of the UCI machine learning dataset and produces superior results when compared to other current approaches.
Essential features of actor's transformation
Authors: Khlystun Olena
Published: March 2023

The purpose of the article is to determine the main features and peculiarities of thetransformation of an actor on the stage of a creative act. The research methodology consists ofcomparative analytical approaches based on works of art history, new and already well-knownpsychotechnics for active transformation, which allows determining its common features andcharacteristics. Scientific Novelty. The main features and signs of the transformation of an actor onthe stage of a creative act are investigated and identified. The research results can be used forfurther scientific research of various aspects of acting and stage art. The main defining aspects anddirections of transformation can be applied by participants directly in creative work and byteachers in the process of preparing actors. Actual features and signs of transformation give aserious impetus to rethink the creative activity of the actor in his artistic action. Conclusions.Analysis of the features of the transformation of an actor in the stage creative process givesgrounds to assert that two signs are clearly reflected in the act of transformation. The actor, first ofall, experiences and feels that he plays the leading role. At the same time, this act also containsimitation or imitation of the external signs of the characters and his actions. The actor is clearlyaware of and controlling what happens to his inner state in the main role. However, until today theway of reincarnation remains controversial from external imitation to internal state, or vice versa.Key words: actor's transformation, imitation, actor, creative act, stage emotions.
Soviet Ukrainian Poster from 1945–1989: Stylistic Changes of National Identification
Authors: Kosiv Vasyl
Published: March 2023

The purpose of the article is to trace Ukrainian identity representation in Soviet Ukrainianposter from the 1945–1989 in the context of the socialist realism’s stylistic evolution. Themethodology is based on formal analysis and methods of comparison and generalization. Thescientific novelty is defined by focusing on national identification as a subject of research ofstylistic changes in Soviet Ukrainian poster. Conclusions. From the 1940s to 1980s, the visuallanguage of socialist realism evolved and dissolved in a variety of individual manners, stylisticmethods and external influences. Stylistic changes in the Ukrainian poster, in general,corresponded with the works of other republics. Despite certain efforts, Ukrainian authors did notproduce a national version of this "creative method". "National form" was provided with folkcostume, as well as other informal and official symbols. Stylistics and authors’ manners of thesesymbols represent a wide range of approaches and complement visual vocabulary ofcommunication about Ukraine and Ukrainians.Key words: Soviet Ukrainian poster, socialist realism, stylistic, individual manner, nationalidentity.
Byzantine court culture in the political and spiritual dimension
Authors: Alla Sokolova
Published: March 2023

The purpose of the article is to identify the characteristic specifics of the court culture of Byzantium and its correlation with the court culture of England in the first half of the XVII century. The research methodology assumes the unity of such methodological approaches as the system-historical and the analytical method. Systemic-historical and analytical methods make it possible to identify the court’s cultural traditions of Byzantium in the context of the political and spiritual sphere. The scientific novelty lies in the comparison of the Byzantine court culture with the court culture of England in the first half of the XVIIth century. Conclusions. Byzantine culture was a fusion of ancient Greek (Hellenistic), Roman, and distinctive Byzantine-Orthodox traditions. The duality of the cultural and spiritual sphere of the Byzantine Empire was expressed in the unity of opposites and the close interaction of the material and spiritual. In Byzantium, Orthodoxy was the cementing foundation. The court culture of Byzantium is a highly centralized hierarchical system. The Byzantine tradition of laudatory odes and musical and theatrical performances timed to coincide with the holidays of the Nativity of Christ and the Epiphany of Christ, can be correlated with the traditions of the court culture of England in the first half of the XVIIth century, where the glorification of the monarch and court entertainments of the Masque, as a spiritual and political unit, formed the fundamental basis of court culture in England.
The Typology of Christ the Good Shepherd iconography in the Early Christian and West European art of the 15-17th centuries
Authors: Оksana Shyroka
Published: March 2023

The purpose of the article is to trace the peculiarities of the development of Christ the Good Shepherd iconography from the samples of the Early Christian Era (3-4th centuries) to later interpretations in the West European art of 15-17th centuries. Scientific novelty. the article is the first attempt to unify and comprehend the iconography of Christ the Good Shepherd at all stages of its development, including an allegorical image originated from the ancient prototype and symbolical depiction of Jesus Christ with a lamb on his back popular in the West European art of 15-17th centuries. Methodology. The work on the article was studied with the use of the method of formal art analysis. The symbolism of the works in terms of their sacral meaning was studied with the use of the iconographic method. The hermeneutical method was used for outlining the origin and development of the iconography of Christ the Good Shepherd from the viewpoint of the controversy between Christianity and Paganism, Catholicism, and Protestantism. Conclusions: Based on the images of the early Christian period and West European art of the 15-17th centuries, four types of images were singled out: 1. A Good Shepherd as a barefaced young man with the lamb on his back; 2. The barefaced young shepherd with a crook, harp, or bucket of water standing next to the flock of sheep; 3. Jesus Christ as the Pantocrator, an adult man with the lamb on his back; 4. Jesus resurrected, often bare, with the wounds on his legs and arms, with the lamb on his shoulders.
Activities of the Office for People with Disabilities in the educational and aesthetic education of students with disabilities (on the example of higher educational institutions in Poznan)
Authors: Oksana Hysa
Published: March 2023

The purpose of the work is to investigate the embodiment of aesthetic education of students with disabilities in higher educational institutions in Poznan. The research methodology is based on the comparative, resource and humanistic methods. Ideas and concepts of aesthetic education were considered as an important means of personality formation and integration of people with special needs into society. The scientific novelty of the work lies in the study of peculiarities of the use of art on the example of two universities in Poznan, the participation of students with disabilities in cultural projects organized by special centers – Office for people with disabilities. Conclusions. The aesthetic education of students with disabilities is revealed as a purposeful and planned process with the aim of forming aesthetic concepts, tastes and ideals, attitudes towards profession, nature, art, society, everyday life, communication, relationships etc.
Carbon Tax and Environmental Quality in South Africa
Authors: Abel Sanderson , Mukarati Julius , Jeke Leward , Roux Pierre Le
Published: March 2023

Carbon taxes are considered an important environmental policy instrument for the improvement of environment quality in developing countries. Despite these premises, the implementation of the carbon tax policy in developing countries has lagged behind. The aim of this study is to analyse how carbon tax influence environmental quality and economic performance in South Africa. Such a country-oriented inquiry is envisaged to have some positive policy implications for the South African economy and other developing nations. The analysis was conducted using a static computable general equilibrium (CGE) model of South Africa, which was expected to capture the observed structure of South Africa’s economy. Furthermore, the parameters of the CGE equations were calibrated to observed data from a social accounting matrix (SAM) for 2015. The results show that environmental tax has negative effects on gross domestic product with the energy sectors which are generally the most polluting sectors suffering higher output losses due to the environmental tax. Household consumption is significant reduced by 2.34% due to the reduction in emissions as a result of carbon tax policy. According to the study findings, policy-makers should consider an initial 5% carbon tax policy which may results in achieving reasonably good environmental quality without losing on investment, fixed capital investment and government revenue.
Causality Relationship between the Development of the Oil and Gas Sector and Foreign Investments
Authors: Huseynli Bahman
Published: March 2023

In this study on Azerbaijan, which is dependent on oil, the causality relationship between economic growth, foreign investments, total capital increases in the country and oil and gas sector revenues have been examined. As a result of the analysis made using the Granger method, a row of causality relationships was obtained. The data used in the analysis were obtained from the World Bank, an important data disclosure platform. The result of the analysis made for a period from 2000 to 2020 shows the importance of the oil and gas sector in attracting foreign investments in this country. As a result of the study, a bidirectional causality relationship was obtained between economic growth and foreign investments in Azerbaijan. In other words, while attracting foreign investments to the country supports economic growth, the realization of economic growth at the same time shows its own effect on the growth of the country's economy. Namely, these variables become the Granger causality of each other. Bilateral causality relationship has also been determined between foreign investments and the incomes obtained from the total oil and gas sector.  At the same time, the development of this sector makes the country more attractive for foreign investors. Increases in revenues in the oil and gas sector also have an impact on the overall capital increase in the country. In other words, this variable is the Granger cause of capital increases.
Assessing the Asymmetric Effect of Local Realized Exchange Rate Volatility and Implied Volatilities in Energy Market on Exchange Rate Returns in BRICS
Authors: Qabhobho Thobekile
Published: March 2023

This paper investigates the leverage effect of local realised exchange rate volatility and implied volatilities in energy market on exchange rate returns in BRICS for the period May 7, 2012 to March 31, 2022, using the quantile regression technique. This paper reveals that oil implied volatility shocks (OVX changes) have a significant negative impact on Russian-U.S. Dollar exchange rate returns in all quantiles. When it comes to the Indian rupee and Chinese RMB returns/Dollar, the adverse effects of OVX are most apparent in both normal and booming market conditions. Although South Africa's currency rate returns are affected by both slump- and bust-market situations, Brazil also tends to be in higher quantiles. The implied volatility indices in the energy market have a substantial and considerable negative impact on the BRICS currencies, with the exception of China, where the effect is only noticeable in the upper extreme quantiles. The policy implications and suggestions are discussed.
Impact of Oil Factor on Investment: The Case of Azerbaijan
Authors: Humbatova Sugra , Huseyn Afag , Hajiyev Natig Gadim‒Oglu
Published: March 2023

This article investigates the long-term and short-term interactions between crude oil prices, crude oil exports, and domestic and foreign investment in Azerbaijan using annual data from 1999 to 2021. In this research, the ARDL model was used to assess co-integration and short-term relationships. In addition, this study used the FMOLS, DOLS, and CCR co-integration equations to explore long-term coefficients between variables. Granger causation tests were performed, Granger causation analysis was assessed using the Wald test (short-term or weak causation, long-term causation, and both short-term and long-term causation or strong causal relationship). The study proposed 9 hypotheses regarding the impact of oil prices and oil exports on domestic and foreign investment. Some of the hypotheses were generally, if not completely, justified. Based on the established models and tests carried out, there are co-integrating relationships between the variables. Model coefficients are selected according to their economic and statistical significance. It is necessary to increase competition for the market between foreign and domestic investments, not only through the exchange rate, but also through other economic instruments. The study revealed the importance of the exchange rate of the Manat.
Does External Debt Worsen Environmental Pollution? Evidence from Morocco
Authors: Bachegour Hikma , Qafas Ahlam
Published: March 2023

Morocco’s new development model report published in 2021 offers a renewed vision of the country's economic emergence strategy. It advocates an economic growth model that respects the environment and takes into consideration climate change challenges while promoting external debt, as one of the main economic instruments to achieve this new development pathway. This study investigates the empirical relationship between external debt and carbon dioxide emissions as an indicator of environmental pollution through the environmental Kuznets theory. As Morocco has a growing external debt and relies mainly on fossil fuels, the purpose is to analyze the long-term and short-term effect of external debt on carbon dioxide emissions using an ARDL model over the period 1984-2018. The time series data was collected from World Bank. The core findings of the study confirm the existence of inverted U-shaped Kuznets curve, they also reveal that external debt has a significant negative effect on carbon dioxide emissions in Morocco.
Do Economic Depressions Contribute to CO2 Emissions? An ARDL Bound Approach
Authors: Karim Norzitah Abdul , Senawi Azhan Rashid , Muhamat Amirul Afif , Nizar Nurhuda , Wahab Norazlina Abd , Ab Kadir Musaab
Published: March 2023

Total carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions are undoubtedly emitted to the environment, humans, ecosystems, and global economic growth. However, less research has examined the effect of economic depression on carbon dioxide emission (CO2), especially in Malaysia. Thus, this study intents to examine the impact of the macroeconomic problems, namely unemployment (UNEMP) and the growing number of people: population (POP), on the CO2 emissions in Malaysia. The study analyzes the data for 28 years, covering the period of 1991–2019, employing a bound ARDL model as an estimation method. The time series data were sourced from the World Bank Development Indicators database. The finding from the study shows that CO2 emissions, POP, and UNEMP have a long-term cointegration. Under this situation, all variables indicated; UNEMP and POP lead to environmental degradation in Malaysia in the long run. The impact of both UNEMP and POP on CO2 emissions is positive. Moreover, it is also found that the damage of economic depression will take only around one year and a month on CO2 emissions. Thus, based on this novel finding, a comprehensive set of economic policies is required to ensure our economy is in good condition and hence suggested for maintaining the environmental quality.