bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Recurrences of advanced sessile and lateral spreading colorectal adenoma after endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) thermal ablation versus no adjuvant therapy (RESPECT): a protocol of an international randomized controlled trial
Authors: Kemper Gijs , Gerges Christian , Schoon Erik J. , Schreuder Ramon-Michel , Schrauwen Ruud R. W. , Epping Ludger S. M. , Beyna Torsten , Drenth Joost P. H. , Gündug Ufuk , Siersema Peter D. , van Geenen Erwin J. M. ,   the ENDOCARE study group
Published: February 2024

Background

Nowadays, large benign lateral spreading lesions (LSLs) and sessile polyps in the colorectum are mostly resected by endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR). A major drawback of EMR is the polyp recurrence rate of up to 20%. Snare tip soft coagulation (STSC) is considered an effective technique to reduce recurrence rates. However, clinical trials on STSC have mainly been conducted in expert referral centers. In these studies, polyp recurrence was assessed optically, and additional adjunctive techniques were excluded. In the current trial, we will evaluate the efficacy and safety of STSC in daily practice, by allowing adjunctive techniques during EMR and the use of both optical and histological polyp recurrence to assess recurrences during follow-up.

Methods

The RESPECT study is a multicenter, parallel-group, international single blinded randomized controlled superiority trial performed in the Netherlands and Germany. A total of 306 patients undergoing piecemeal EMR for LSLs or sessile colorectal polyps sized 20–60 mm will be randomized during the procedure after endoscopic complete polyp resection to the intervention or control group. Post-EMR defects allocated to the intervention group will be treated with thermal ablation with STSC of the entire resection margin. Primary outcome will be polyp recurrence by optical and histological confirmation at the first surveillance colonoscopy after 6 months. Secondary outcomes include technical success and complication rates.

Discussion

The RESPECT study will evaluate if STSC is effective in reducing recurrence rates after piecemeal EMR of large colorectal lesions in daily clinical practice performed by expert and non-expert endoscopists. Moreover, endoscopists will be allowed to use adjunctive techniques to remove remaining adenomatous tissue during the procedure. Finally, adenomatous polyp recurrence during follow-up will be defined by histologic identification.

Trial registration

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05121805. Registered on 16 November 2021. Start recruitment: 17 March 2022. Planned completion of recruitment: 31 April 2025.
Exploring critical intervention features and trial processes in the evaluation of sensory integration therapy for autistic children
Authors: Randell Elizabeth , McNamara Rachel , Busse Monica , Delport Sue , Williams-Thomas Rhys , Maboshe Wakunyambo , Gillespie David , Milosevic Sarah , Brookes-Howell Lucy , Wright Melissa , Hastings Richard P. , McKigney Anne Marie , Glarou Eleni , Ahuja Alka
Published: February 2024

Background

We evaluated the clinical and cost-effectiveness of manualised sensory integration therapy (SIT) for autistic children with sensory processing difficulties in a two-arm randomised controlled trial. Trial processes and contextual factors which may have affected intervention outcomes were explored within a nested process evaluation. This paper details the process evaluation methods and results. We also discuss implications for evaluation of individual level, tailored interventions in similar populations.

Methods

The process evaluation was conducted in line with Medical Research Council guidance. Recruitment, demographics, retention, adherence, and adverse effects are reported using descriptive statistics. Fidelity of intervention delivery is reported according to the intervention scoring manual. Qualitative interviews with therapists and carers were undertaken to explore the acceptability of the intervention and trial processes. Qualitative interviews with carers explored potential contamination.

Results

Recruitment, reach and retention within the trial met expected thresholds. One hundred thirty-eight children and carers were recruited (92% of those screened and 53.5% of those who expressed an interest) with 77.5% retained at 6 months and 69.9% at 12 months post-randomisation. The intervention was delivered with structural and process fidelity with the majority (78.3%) receiving a ‘sufficient dose’ of intervention. However, there was considerable individual variability in the receipt of sessions. Carers and therapists reported that trial processes were generally acceptable though logistical challenges such as appointment times, travel and COVID restrictions were frequent barriers to receiving the intervention. No adverse effects were reported.

Conclusions

The process evaluation was highly valuable in identifying contextual factors that could impact the effectiveness of this individualised intervention. Rigorous evaluations of interventions for autistic children are important, especially given the limitations such as limited sample sizes and short-term follow-up as faced by previous research. One of the challenges lies in the variability of outcomes considered important by caregivers, as each autistic child faces unique challenges. It is crucial to consider the role of parents or other caregivers in facilitating access to these interventions and how this may impact effectiveness.

Trial registration

This trial is registered as ISRCTN14716440. August 11, 2016.
Application of the patient-reported outcome-based postoperative symptom management model in lung cancer: a multicenter randomized controlled trial protocol
Authors: Liang Ying , Jing Pengyu , Gu Zhongping , Shang Lei , Ge Peng , Zhang Yong , Wang Lv , Qiu Chun , Zhu Ximing , Tan Zhijun
Published: February 2024

Introduction

Lung cancer is the most common cancer in China, with the highest mortality rate. Surgery is the primary treatment for early lung cancer. However, patients with lung cancer have a heavy burden of symptoms within 3 months after surgery, which seriously affects their quality of life (QOL). The symptom management model based on the patient-reported outcome (PRO) is considered the best caregiving model. The clinical evidence about the symptom management of lung cancer within 3 months after the operation is very limited. Herein, we propose a randomized controlled trial to evaluate the PRO score-based monitoring and alert system for follow-up on psychological and physiological symptoms of lung cancer patients within 3 months after surgery and further investigate the effect of intervention measures based on this PRO score-based system.

Methods and analysis

This multicenter, open-label, randomized, parallel superiority trial will be conducted at four hospitals in China. A total of 440 lung cancer patients will be recruited in this study, who will be randomly assigned to the intervention group or the control group in a ratio of 1:1. Any of the target symptoms reaches the preset threshold (score ≥ 4), the patients will accept the symptom management advices based on the PRO. The patients in the control group will follow the current standard procedure of symptom management. The symptom management system is an electronic management system based on WeChat mini programs. All patients will be evaluated for symptoms through the lung cancer module of the MDASI lung cancer-specific scale on the day before surgery, days 1, 3, 5, and 7 after surgery, and once a week during the 12-week post-discharge period. Simultaneously, the EORTC QLQ-C30 scale will be used to evaluate patients’ quality of life at baseline and the fourth and twelfth week after the surgery. The mean number of symptom threshold events of the intervention and the control groups were compared by t-test, and the changes of PRO were compared by a mixed effect model. The primary endpoint has been set as the 12-week post-discharge period.

Discussion

This study will test the feasibility of the symptom management system based on the mobile social media applet in postoperative caregiving and the efficacy of psychiatrist-assisted treatment and provide evidence in managing the symptoms of patients in the medium and long term.

Trials registration

Trials registration number: ChiCTR 2200058876, Registered 18 April 2022
Response of the mosquito immune system and symbiotic bacteria to pathogen infection
Authors: Li Manjin , Zhou Yang , Cheng Jin , Wang Yiqing , Lan Cejie , Shen Yuan
Published: February 2024

Mosquitoes are the deadliest animal in the word, transmitting a variety of insect-borne infectious diseases, such as malaria, dengue fever, yellow fever, and Zika, causing more deaths than any other vector-borne pathogen. Moreover, in the absence of effective drugs and vaccines to prevent and treat insect-borne diseases, mosquito control is particularly important as the primary measure. In recent decades, due to the gradual increase in mosquito resistance, increasing attention has fallen on the mechanisms and effects associated with pathogen infection. This review provides an overview of mosquito innate immune mechanisms in terms of physical and physiological barriers, pattern recognition receptors, signalling pathways, and cellular and humoral immunity, as well as the antipathogenic effects of mosquito symbiotic bacteria. This review contributes to an in-depth understanding of the interaction process between mosquitoes and pathogens and provides a theoretical basis for biological defence strategies against mosquito-borne infectious diseases.

Graphical Abstract
Research progress of SWI/SNF complex in breast cancer
Authors: Li Kexuan , Wang Baocai , Hu Haolin
Published: February 2024

In the past decade, numerous epigenetic mechanisms have been discovered to be associated with cancer. The mammalian SWI/SNF complex is an ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling complex whose mutations are associated with various malignancies including breast cancer. As the SWI/SNF complex has become one of the most commonly mutated complexes in cancer, targeting epigenetic mutations acquired during breast cancer progress is a potential means of improving clinical efficacy in treatment strategies. This article reviews the composition of the SWI/SNF complex, its main roles and research progress in breast cancer, and links these findings to the latest discoveries in cancer epigenomics to discuss the potential mechanisms and therapeutic potential of SWI/SNF in breast cancer.
The role of perfusion, grey matter volume and behavioural phenotypes in the data-driven classification of cognitive syndromes
Authors: Vipin Ashwati , Lee Bernett Teck Kwong , Kumar Dilip , Soo See Ann , Leow Yi Jin , Ghildiyal Smriti , Lee Faith Phemie Hui En , Hilal Saima , Kandiah Nagaendran
Published: February 2024

Background

The use of structural and perfusion brain imaging in combination with behavioural information in the prediction of cognitive syndromes using a data-driven approach remains to be explored. Here, we thus examined the contribution of brain structural and perfusion imaging and behavioural features to the existing classification of cognitive syndromes using a data-driven approach.

Methods

Study participants belonged to the community-based Biomarker and Cognition Cohort Study in Singapore who underwent neuropsychological assessments, structural-functional MRI and blood biomarkers. Participants had a diagnosis of cognitively normal (CN), subjective cognitive impairment (SCI), mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia. Cross-sectional structural and cerebral perfusion imaging, behavioural scale data including mild behaviour impairment checklist, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and Depression, Anxiety and Stress scale data were obtained.

Results

Three hundred seventy-three participants (mean age 60.7 years; 56% female sex) with complete data were included. Principal component analyses demonstrated that no single modality was informative for the classification of cognitive syndromes. However, multivariate glmnet analyses revealed a specific combination of frontal perfusion and temporo-frontal grey matter volume were key protective factors while the severity of mild behaviour impairment interest sub-domain and poor sleep quality were key at-risk factors contributing to the classification of CN, SCI, MCI and dementia (p < 0.0001). Moreover, the glmnet model showed best classification accuracy in differentiating between CN and MCI cognitive syndromes (AUC = 0.704; sensitivity = 0.698; specificity = 0.637).

Conclusions

Brain structure, perfusion and behavioural features are important in the classification of cognitive syndromes and should be incorporated by clinicians and researchers. These findings illustrate the value of using multimodal data when examining syndrome severity and provide new insights into how cerebral perfusion and behavioural impairment influence classification of cognitive syndromes.
The economic costs of orthopaedic services: a health system cost analysis of tertiary hospitals in a low-income country
Authors: Twea Pakwanja , Watkins David , Norheim Ole Frithjof , Munthali Boston , Young Sven , Chiwaula Levison , Manthalu Gerald , Nkhoma Dominic , Hangoma Peter
Published: February 2024

Background

Traumatic injuries are rising globally, disproportionately affecting low- and middle-income countries, constituting 88% of the burden of surgically treatable conditions. While contributing to the highest burden, LMICs also have the least availability of resources to address this growing burden effectively. Studies on the cost-of-service provision in these settings have concentrated on the most common traumatic injuries, leaving an evidence gap on other traumatic injuries. This study aimed to address the gap in understanding the cost of orthopaedic services in low-income settings by conducting a comprehensive costing analysis in two tertiary-level hospitals in Malawi.

Methods

We used a mixed costing methodology, utilising both Top-Down and Time-Driven Activity-Based Costing approaches. Data on resource utilisation, personnel costs, medicines, supplies, capital costs, laboratory costs, radiology service costs, and overhead costs were collected for one year, from July 2021 to June 2022. We conducted a retrospective review of all the available patient files for the period under review. Assumptions on the intensity of service use were based on utilisation patterns observed in patient records. All costs were expressed in 2021 United States Dollars.

Results

We conducted a review of 2,372 patient files, 72% of which were male. The median length of stay for all patients was 9.5 days (8–11). The mean weighted cost of treatment across the entire pathway varied, ranging from $195 ($136—$235) for Supracondylar Fractures to $711 ($389—$931) for Proximal Ulna Fractures. The main cost components were personnel (30%) and medicines and supplies (23%). Within diagnosis-specific costs, the length of stay was the most significant cost driver, contributing to the substantial disparity in treatment costs between the two hospitals.

Conclusion

This study underscores the critical role of orthopaedic care in LMICs and the need for context-specific cost data. It highlights the variation in cost drivers and resource utilisation patterns between hospitals, emphasising the importance of tailored healthcare planning and resource allocation approaches. Understanding the costs of surgical interventions in LMICs can inform policy decisions and improve access to essential orthopaedic services, potentially reducing the disease burden associated with trauma-related injuries. We recommend that future studies focus on evaluating the cost-effectiveness of orthopaedic interventions, particularly those that have not been analysed within the existing literature.
Exploiting bacterial-origin immunostimulants for improved vaccination and immunotherapy: current insights and future directions
Authors: Wang Guangyu , Wang Yongkang , Ma Fang
Published: February 2024

Vaccination is a valid strategy to prevent and control newly emerging and reemerging infectious diseases in humans and animals. However, synthetic and recombinant antigens are poor immunogenic to stimulate efficient and protective host immune response. Immunostimulants are indispensable factors of vaccines, which can promote to trigger fast, robust, and long-lasting immune responses. Importantly, immunotherapy with immunostimulants is increasing proved to be an effective and promising treatment of cancer, which could enhance the function of the immune system against tumor cells. Pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) play vital roles in inflammation and are central to innate and adaptive immune responses. Toll-like receptors (TLRs)-targeting immunostimulants have become one of the hotspots in adjuvant research and cancer therapy. Bacterial-origin immunoreactive molecules are usually the ligands of PRRs, which could be fast recognized by PRRs and activate immune response to eliminate pathogens. Varieties of bacterial immunoreactive molecules and bacterial component-mimicking molecules have been successfully used in vaccines and clinical therapy so far. This work provides a comprehensive review of the development, current state, mechanisms, and applications of bacterial-origin immunostimulants. The exploration of bacterial immunoreactive molecules, along with their corresponding mechanisms, holds immense significance in deepening our understanding of bacterial pathogenicity and in the development of promising immunostimulants.
Bioimpedance-assessed muscle wasting and its relation to nutritional intake during the first week of ICU: a pre-planned secondary analysis of Nutriti Study
Authors: Deana Cristian , Gunst Jan , De Rosa Silvia , Umbrello Michele , Danielis Matteo , Biasucci Daniele Guerino , Piani Tommaso , Cotoia Antonella , Molfino Alessio , Vetrugno Luigi ,   Nutriti Study Group
Published: February 2024

Background

Muscle mass evaluation in ICU is crucial since its loss is related with long term complications, including physical impairment. However, quantifying muscle wasting with available bedside tools (ultrasound and bioimpedance analysis) must be more primarily understood. Bioimpedance analysis (BIA) provides estimates of muscle mass and phase angle (PA).

The primary aim of this study was to evaluate muscle mass changes with bioimpedance analysis during the first 7 days after ICU admission. Secondary aims searched for correlations between muscular loss and caloric and protein debt.

Methods

Patients with an expected ICU-stay ≥ 72 h and the need for artificial nutritional support were evaluated for study inclusion. BIA evaluation of muscle mass and phase angle were performed at ICU admission and after 7 days. Considering the difference between ideal caloric and protein targets, with adequate nutritional macronutrients delivered, we calculated the caloric and protein debt. We analyzed the potential correlation between caloric and protein debt and changes in muscle mass and phase angle.

Results

72 patients from September 1st to October 30th, 2019 and from August 1st to October 30th, 2021 were included in the final statistical analysis. Median age was 68 [59–77] years, mainly men (72%) admitted due to respiratory failure (25%), and requiring invasive mechanical ventilation for 7 [4–10] days. Median ICU stay was 8 [6–12] days. Bioimpedance data at ICU admission and after 7 days showed that MM and PA resulted significantly reduced after 7 days of critically illness, 34.3 kg vs 30.6 kg (p < 0.0001) and 4.90° vs 4.35° (p = 0.0004) respectively. Mean muscle loss was 3.84 ± 6.7 kg, accounting for 8.4% [1–14] MM reduction. Correlation between caloric debt (r = 0.14, p = 0.13) and protein debt (r = 0.18, p = 0.13) with change in MM was absent. Similarly, no correlation was found between caloric debt (r = -0.057, p = 0.631) and protein debt (r = -0.095, p = 0.424) with changes in PA.

Conclusions

bioimpedance analysis demonstrated that muscle mass and phase angle were significantly lower after 7 days in ICU. The total amount of calories and proteins does not correlate with changes in muscle mass and phase angle.
A rare inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor appearing both inside and outside the heart
Authors: Li Jiarong , Liu Jijia , Yao Xingwang , Yang Jinfu
Published: February 2024

Background

Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT) is an uncommon cardiac tumor that primarily affects infants, children, and young adults. While complete surgical resection generally leads to a favorable prognosis, accurate diagnostic tests remain limited.

Case presentation

We describe the case of a 26-year-old female who had a dual tumor inside and outside the heart and was misdiagnosed by echocardiography and MRI. We also review 71 cases of cardiac IMTs from the literature regarding their epidemiology, clinical presentation, and outcome.

Conclusion

Early detection of this rare disorder is essential for optimal surgical management.
Reliability, stability during long-term storage, and intra-individual variation of circulating levels of osteopontin, osteoprotegerin, vascular endothelial growth factor-A, and interleukin-17A
Authors: Nakamizo Tomoki , Cologne John , Kishi Takeshi , Takahashi Tetsuya , Inoue Mayumi , Ryukaku Hiroyuki , Hayashi Tomonori , Kusunoki Yoichiro , Fujiwara Saeko , Ohishi Waka
Published: February 2024

Background

Studies in many populations have reported associations between circulating cytokine levels and various physiological or pathological conditions. However, the reliability of cytokine measurements in population studies, which measure cytokines in multiple assays over a prolonged period, has not been adequately examined; nor has stability during sample storage or intra-individual variation been assessed.

Methods

We assessed (1) analytical reliability in short- and long-term repeated measurements; (2) stability and analytical reliability during long-term sample storage, and (3) variability within individuals over seasons, of four cytokines—osteopontin (OPN), osteoprotegerin (OPG), vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A), and interleukin-17A (IL-17A). Measurements in plasma or serum samples were made with commercial kits according to standard procedures. Estimation was performed by fitting a random or mixed effects linear model on the log scale.

Results

In repeated assays over a short period, OPN, OPG, and VEGF-A had acceptable reliability, with intra- and inter-assay coefficients of variation (CV) less than 0.11. Reliability of IL-17A was poor, with inter- and intra-assay CV 0.85 and 0.43, respectively. During long-term storage, OPG significantly decayed (− 33% per year; 95% confidence interval [− 54, − 3.7]), but not OPN or VEGF-A (− 0.3% or − 6.3% per year, respectively). Intra- and inter-assay CV over a long period were comparable to that in a short period except for a slight increase in inter-assay CV of VEGF-A. Within-individual variation was small for OPN and VEGF-A, with intra-class correlations (ICC) 0.68 and 0.83, respectively, but large for OPG (ICC 0.11).

Conclusions

We conclude that OPN and VEGF-A can be reliably measured in a large population, that IL-17A is suitable only for small experiments, and that OPG should be assessed with caution due to degradation during storage and intra-individual variation. The overall results of our study illustrate the need for validation under relevant conditions when measuring circulating cytokines in population studies.
The optimal blood glucose is significantly associated with lower mortality in critically ill patients with cardiogenic shock: an analysis revealed with time series blood glucose records
Authors: Sun Ce , Zhou Ji-Hong , Huang Yan-Ling , Ning Yi-Le , Xu Xiang-Hui
Published: February 2024

Background

The optimal blood glucose (BG) level for patients with cardiogenic shock in the intensive care unit (ICU) remains unclear. Studies have found that both excessively high and low BG levels contribute to adverse cardiovascular events. Our study aims to investigate the optimal BG level for critically ill patients with cardiogenic shock and evaluate the effects of optimal BG on the prognosis of patients.

Methods

A total of 2013 patients with cardiogenic shock obtained from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care (MIMIC) IV database were included in the final cohort for our retrospective observational study for data analysis. The exposure was time-weighted average BG (TWA-BG), which was calculated by the time-series BG records and corresponding time stamps of patients with cardiogenic shock during their stay in the ICU. The cut-off value of TWA-BG was identified by the restricted cubic spline curve and included patients were categorized into three groups: low TWA-BG group (TWA-BG ≤ 104 mg/dl), optimal TWA-BG group (104 < TWA-BG ≤ 138 mg/dl), and high TWA-BG group (TWA-BG > 138 mg/dl). The primary outcome was 28-day mortality, and the secondary outcomes were ICU and in-hospital mortality. We performed the log-rank test to detect whether there is a difference in mortality among different groups in the original cohort. Multiple distinct models were employed to validate the robustness of the results.

Results

Our study revealed that the optimal BG level for critically ill patients with cardiogenic shock is 104–138 mg/dl. Compared to the optimal TWA-BG group, the low TWA-BG group (hazard ratio (HR): 1.67, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.19–2.33, p = 0.002) and high TWA-BG group (HR: 1.72, 95% CI: 1.46–2.03, p < 0.001) exhibited higher 28-day mortality. Similarly, the low TWA-BG group and high TWA-BG group demonstrated higher risks in terms of ICU mortality (low TWA-BG group: HR: 2.30, 95% CI: 1.40–3.79, p < 0.001; high TWA-BG group: HR: 1.77, 95% CI: 1.45–2.17, p < 0.001) and in-hospital mortality (low TWA-BG group: HR: 1.73, 95% CI: 1.19–2.51, p = 0.001; high TWA-BG group: HR: 1.64, 95% CI: 1.38–1.95, p < 0.001). Sensitivity analysis conducted through propensity score matching and the subgroup analysis further substantiated the robustness of the results.

Conclusion

The optimal BG level for patients with cardiogenic shock is 104–138 mg/dl. BG levels below 104 mg/dl and above 138 mg/dl were associated with a less favorable prognosis.
Can we predict multi-party elections with Google Trends data? Evidence across elections, data windows, and model classes
Authors: Behnert Jan , Lajic Dean , Bauer Paul C.
Published: February 2024

Google trends (GT), a service aggregating search queries on Google, has been used to predict various outcomes such as as the spread of influenza, automobile sales, unemployment claims, and travel destination planning [1, 2]. Social scientists also used GT to predict elections and referendums across different countries and time periods, sometimes with more, sometimes with less success. We provide unique evidence on the predictive power of GT in the German multi-party systems, forecasting four elections (2009, 2013, 2017, 2021). Thereby, we make several contributions: First, we present one of the first attempts to predict a multi-party election using GT and highlight the specific challenges that originate from this setting. In doing so, we also provide a comprehensive and systematic overview of prior research. Second, we develop a framework that allows for fine-grained variation of the GT data window both in terms of its width and distance to the election. Subsequently, we test the predictive accuracy of several thousand models resulting from those fine-grained specifications. Third, we compare the predictive power of different model classes that are purely GT data based but also incorporate polling data as well as previous elections. Finally, we provide a systematic overview of the challenges one faces in using GT data for predictions part of which have been neglected in prior research.
Assessing the stability of underground caves through iSUMM (innovative, straightforward, user-friendly, mechanically-based method)
Authors: Mevoli Federica Angela , Fazio Nunzio Luciano , Perrotti Michele , Lollino Piernicola
Published: February 2024

A huge number of sinkhole events has been recorded in different Italian urban areas, with an occurrence frequency largely increasing in the last decades, sometimes even causing loss of human lives. The main reason for such catastrophic events is the presence of man-made underground cavities, excavated within soft rocks, several decades ago and then abandoned, at shallow depths. Here, the possibility of interaction with overlying buildings and infrastructures and the corresponding sinkhole hazard is relatively high. In such contexts, the low mechanical properties of the soft rock formations where the cavities have been excavated, like those formed of calcarenites, which outcrop in large areas of Southern Italy, and their high susceptibility to weathering processes, represent one of the most important predisposing factors for instability. Therefore, assessing the stability of underground cavities is crucial for land management and planning purposes. The mechanically-based stability charts developed by Perrotti et al. (Int J Geomech 18(7):04018071, 2018) have proved to be a valid tool for preliminary stability assessment and, although allow to identify an eventual proneness of the cave to instability, they do not provide quantitative assessment about the safety margin itself. In that regard, this study intends to present the most recent outcomes obtained in the development of the methodology and is aimed at promoting an enhanced way for their application, so that the charts can become an operative tool for preliminary sinkhole hazard assessment in similar regions in the world.
Left and right ventricular global longitudinal strain assessment together with biomarker evaluation may have a predictive and prognostic role in patients qualified for hematopoietic stem cell transplantation due to hematopoietic and lymphoid malignancies – a pilot study description
Authors: Puła Bartosz , Kępski Jarosław , Misiewicz-Krzemińska Irena , Szmit Sebastian
Published: February 2024

The hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) procedure is considered a cardiovascular burden. This is due to the potentially cardiotoxic cytostatic agents used before and the risks associated with peri-transplant procedures. We designed a pilot study to determine the clinical utility of the new ST2 marker; furthermore, we routinely assessed cardiac parameters in HSCT recipients. Based on previous cardio-oncology experience in lung and prostate cancer, we can confirm the prognostic and predictive value of classic cardiac biomarkers and modern echocardiography parameters such as global longitudinal strain of the left and right ventricle. After conducting this pilot study we can create a predictive and prognostic model for patients undergoing HSCT. This will greatly enrich our clinical practice, especially in treating older people.
Assessment of corporate social responsibility practices in selected public libraries in South-West and North-Central, Nigeria
Authors: Adeyemi Ismail Olatunji , Abiona Boluke Favour , Adebisi Adetunji Idris , Ishola Khudro Iyabo , Ogunlowo Halleluyah David
Published: February 2024

This study explored corporate social responsibility practices in selected public libraries in south-west and north-central Nigeria. The study adopts multiple case-study design, and qualitative research approach. Interview was used to collect data from a total of fifteen (15) participants. The study found that the public libraries do not have written CSR policy. Results showed that the public libraries engaged in social support, social change, socio-cultural activities, and COVID-19 social support. Findings showed that public libraries provide charity through book donations/gifts and provision of information to library users. It was revealed that public libraries advocate for, and participate in, periodic environmental sanitation. Results showed that the libraries remove what the librarians consider as morally decrepit information materials from the shelves, which means they aid censorship. The study showed that public libraries adhered to the ethics and guidelines of Librarians' Registration Council of Nigeria (LRCN) to a minimum extent since the Council has partially failed in their supervisory role. The study concludes that public libraries have their in-house ethics and policies that guide the library staff, users, attendants, and visitors. The study recognized that public libraries provide economic viable information to users, which enable them get improve their career, secure employment, and learn vocation. This study contribute that public libraries are essential in ensuring and meeting sustainable development goals via responsible CSR practices.
Diabetes Duration, Cholesterol Levels, and Risk of Cardiovascular Diseases in Individuals With Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Kim Mee Kyoung , Lee Kyu Na , Han Kyungdo , Lee Seung-Hwan
Published: February 2024

Objective

To investigate the association of diabetes duration with cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk and to examine the relationship between lipid levels and CVD risk over the duration.

Methods

Using the Korean National Health Insurance Service Cohort database, we identified 2 359 243 subjects with type 2 diabetes aged ≥ 20 years in 2015 to 2016. Baseline lipid levels and diabetes duration were evaluated and followed up until December 2020 (mean follow-up, 3.9 years). Subjects were categorized according to diabetes duration (new-onset, < 5 years, 5-9 years, or ≥ 10 years). We analyzed the new-onset diabetes group with low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) < 70 mg/dL as the reference group. The hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% CIs of myocardial infarction (MI) and ischemic stroke (IS) were estimated using a Cox proportional hazards model adjusted for potential confounders.

Results

During follow-up, 45 883 cases of MI and 53 538 cases of IS were identified. The risk of MI or IS began to increase at LDL-C ≥ 160 mg/dL in the new-onset diabetes group, and at LDL-C ≥ 130 mg/dL in the group with diabetes duration < 5 years. Among subjects with diabetes duration of 5 to 9 years, LDL-C levels of 100-129 mg/dL, 130-159 mg/dL, and ≥ 160 mg/dL were significantly associated with the risk of MI (HR [95% CI] 1.13 [1.04-1.22], 1.28 [1.17-1.39], and 1.58 [1.42-1.76], respectively). MI risk in the diabetes duration ≥ 10 years group was increased by 16%, even in the LDL-C 70-99 mg/dL population (HR [95% CI] 1.16 [1.08-1.25]).

Conclusion

This population-based longitudinal study revealed that the LDL-C cutoff level for increasing the risk of CVD varied with diabetes duration and that the target LDL-C level should depend on the duration.
HDAC11 Regulates Palmitate-induced NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation by Inducing YAP Expression in THP-1 Cells and PBMCs
Authors: Byeon Hye-Eun , Choi Sung-E , Kim Yujin , Choi Suji , Lee Soo-Jin , Kim Dong Hyun , Mo Jung-Soon , Jeon Ja Young
Published: February 2024

Histone deacetylase 11 (HDAC11) has been implicated in the pathogenesis of metabolic diseases characterized by chronic low-grade inflammation, such as obesity. However, the influence of HDAC11 on inflammation and the specific effect of HDAC11 on the palmitic acid (PA)-induced NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome activation are poorly understood.

The effect of PA treatment on HDAC11 activity and the NLRP3 inflammasome was investigated in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells and THP-1 cells. The PA-induced responses of key markers of NLRP3 inflammasome activation, including NLRP3 gene expression, caspase-1 p10 activation, cleaved IL-1β production, and extracellular IL-1β release, were assessed as well. The role of HDAC11 was explored using a specific inhibitor of HDAC11 and by knockdown using small interfering (si)HDAC11 RNA. The relationship between HDAC11 and yes-associated protein (YAP) in the PA-induced NLRP3 inflammasome was investigated in THP-1 cells with HDAC11 or YAP knockdown.

Following PA treatment, HDAC11 activity and protein levels increased significantly, concomitant with activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome. Notably, PA-induced the upregulation of NLRP3, caspase-1 p10 activation, the production of cleaved IL-1β, and the release of IL-1β into the extracellular space, all of which were attenuated by FT895 treatment and by HDAC11 knockdown. In THP-1 cells, PA induced the expression of YAP and its interaction with NLRP3, resulting in NLRP3 inflammasome activation, whereas both were inhibited by FT895 and siHDAC11 RNA.

These findings demonstrate a pivotal role for HDAC11 in the PA-induced activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome. HDAC11 inhibition thus represents a promising therapeutic strategy for mitigating NLRP3 inflammasome-related inflammation in the context of obesity.
Dissemination of Circulating Tumor Cells in Breast and Prostate Cancer: Implications for Early Detection
Authors: Bae Song Yi , Kamalanathan Kaylee Judith , Galeano-Garces Catalina , Konety Badrinath R , Antonarakis Emmanuel S , Parthasarathy Jayant , Hong Jiarong , Drake Justin M
Published: February 2024

Burgeoning evidence suggests that circulating tumor cells (CTCs) may disseminate into blood vessels at an early stage, seeding metastases in various cancers such as breast and prostate cancer. Simultaneously, the early-stage CTCs that settle in metastatic sites [termed disseminated tumor cells (DTCs)] can enter dormancy, marking a potential source of late recurrence and therapy resistance. Thus, the presence of these early CTCs poses risks to patients but also holds potential benefits for early detection and treatment and opportunities for possibly curative interventions. This review delves into the role of early DTCs in driving latent metastasis within breast and prostate cancer, emphasizing the importance of early CTC detection in these diseases. We further explore the correlation between early CTC detection and poor prognoses, which contribute significantly to increased cancer mortality. Consequently, the detection of CTCs at an early stage emerges as a critical imperative for enhancing clinical diagnostics and allowing for early interventions.
Motives of abstinence versus metacognition and self-conscious emotions in people addicted to alcohol
Authors: Wojtczak Mateusz , Ślaski Sławomir
Published: February 2024

Cel pracy

Celem niniejszego badania było pokazanie związku między czasem, motywami utrzymywania abstynencji a metapoznawczymi przekonaniami na temat alkoholu i samoświadomowościowymi emocjami

Metoda

W badaniu wzięło udział 91 osób uzależnionych od alkoholu, które obecnie utrzymują abstynencję. Do pomiaru poszczególnych zmiennych wykorzystano trzy instrumenty: RALD wykorzystano do zbadania motywów utrzymywania abstynencji, MPA wykorzystano do pomiaru poziomu indywidualnych przekonań metapoznawczych na temat alkoholu, a SUM 5 wykorzystano do pomiaru poziomu samoświadomowościowych emocji u osób uzależnionych, które utrzymują abstynencję. Przeprowadzono analizy korelacji i zbadano różnice w średnich rangach metapoznania i samoświadomości dla dwóch niezależnych prób

Wyniki

Wykazano, że wszystkie przekonania metapoznawcze są ujemnie skorelowane z czasem abstynencji. Niektóre przekonania metapoznawcze były negatywnie powiązane z motywami abstynencji. Ponadto stwierdzono pozytywne związki emocji samoświadomowościowych z motywami czasu i abstynencji. Zarówno przekonania metapoznawcze, jak i samoświadomowościowe emocje mają różny średni poziom w zależności od czasu trwania abstynencji

Wnioski

Badanie ujawniło, że oba konstrukty są związane z utrzymywaniem abstynencji i mogą być twórczo wykorzystywane w dalszych analizach powrotu do zdrowia po uzależnieniu i prewencji nawrotów uzależnienia
The effect of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation on the negative symptoms of chronic schizophrenia and serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor
Authors: Zhai Wenhui , Li Mingchao , Su Zou , Ji Qiuming , Xiong Zijun , Zhao Yijing , Yang Yuhong , Liao Dan , Li Chi , Wang Cairong
Published: February 2024

Cel pracy

Niniejsze badanie ma na celu zbadanie efektu terapeutycznego powtarzalnej przezczaszkowej stymulacji magnetycznej (rTMS) na negatywne objawy przewlekłej schizofrenii i neurotroficznego czynnika pochodzenia mózgowo-mózgowego (BDNF).

Metoda

W sumie 86 pacjentów z przewlekłą schizofrenią hospitalizowanych od marca do października 2019 r. zostało losowo przydzielonych do aktywnej grupy rTMS i pozorowanej rTMS, po 43 pacjentów w każdej grupie. Wszystkim pacjentom podawano doustnie paliperydon w dawce 3–6 mg/dobę, a leczenie rTMS zastosowano w grupie aktywnej rTMS. Wynik w Skali Zespołów Pozytywnych i Negatywnych (PANSS) oraz stężenie BDNF w surowicy obliczono w obu grupach na początku badania oraz po dwóch i czterech tygodniach leczenia.

Wyniki

Nie było statystycznie istotnych różnic w wynikach PANSS i stężeniach BDNF w surowicy między dwiema grupami przed leczeniem (P > 0,05). Jednak po czterech tygodniach leczenia zmiana wyniku w skali objawów negatywnych w grupie z aktywnym rTMS była większa niż w grupie pozorowanej rTMS (p < 0,05), a poziomy BDNF w surowicy w grupie z aktywnym rTMS były wyższe niż w grupie pozorowanej rTMS (P < 0,05).

Wnioski

Cztery tygodnie ciągłego leczenia rTMS mogą skutecznie złagodzić objawy negatywne schizofrenii, a stężenie BDNF w surowicy wzrasta wraz ze wzrostem czasu leczenia rTMS.
Polish adaptation and validation of the Short Inventory of Problems (SIP-2L)
Authors: Morawska Kamila , Chodkiewicz Jan
Published: February 2024

Cel pracy

Celem prezentowanych badań było przeprowadzenia polskiej adaptacji i walidacji Krótkiej Skali Problemów (Short Inventory of Problems, SIP2l) autorstwa Millera i współpracowników (1995). SIP 2l jest popularną metodą samoopisową, służącą do pomiaru negatywnych konsekwencji picia alkoholu w 5 domenach obejmujących negatywne konsekwencje: fizyczne, interpersonalne, intrapersonalne, społeczne oraz w zakresie kontroli impulsów. Adaptowana wersja metody analizuje szkody związane z używaniem alkoholu powstałe na przestrzeni całego życia.

Metoda

Badania przeprowadzono z udziałem 256 osób uzależnionych od alkoholu – 71 kobiet i 185 mężczyzn. W badaniu wykorzystano obok SIP-2l polskie wersje Kwestionariuszy AUDIT, MAST oraz KOEP-R stanowiącego adaptację CEAQ – Comprehensive Effects of Alcohol Questionnaire.

Wyniki

Konfirmacyjna analiza czynnikowa potwierdziła, iż najlepiej dopasowany był zakładany model pięcioczynnikowy. Rzetelność zarówno całej skali (α Cronbacha = 0,868), jak i poszczególnych podskal okazała się satysfakcjonująca, podobnie jak trafność konwergencyjna.

Wnioski

Wyniki potwierdzają, iż polska wersja SIP-2L posiada dobre własności psychometryczne i może z powodzeniem mierzyć konsekwencje picia wśród osób uzależnionych od alkoholu.
Assessing effects of diet alteration on selected parameters of chronically mentally ill residents of a 24-hour Nursing Home. Part 3: Effects of diet modification on selected health indicators
Authors: Friedrich Mariola Elżbieta , Fugiel Joanna , Dziaduch Izabela
Published: February 2024

Cel pracy

Celem badań było sprawdzenie, czy i na ile zmiany sposobu żywienia wpływają na wybrane wskaźniki zdrowia, w tym na samopoczucie.

Metoda

Badaniami, które trwały 3 lata, objęto 52 osoby przewlekle chore psychicznie. Pomiary siły chwytu ręcznego (HGS) w układzie „przed” i „po” korekcie żywienia przeprowadzano przy użyciu dynamometru gruszkowego SaehanTM, pomiary ciśnienia tętniczego krwi przy użyciu ciśnieniomierza firmy Omron. Ocenę samopoczucia, przy użyciu Przymiotnikowej Skali Nastroju UMACL. Na podstawie analizy dokumentacji medycznej, w pracy ujęto również: liczbę infekcji górnych dróg oddechowych, ilość zachowań autoagresywnych/agresywnych oraz częstotliwość pobytu mieszkańców wyjątkowo napastliwych/pobudzonych w szpitalu.

Wyniki

Zmiany sposobu żywienia znalazły odbicie we wzroście wartości siły chwytu ręcznego szczególnie u kobiet; obniżeniu lub normalizacji ciśnienia tętniczego krwi do wartości prawidłowych lub zalecanych; obniżeniu Pobudzenia Napięciowego, któremu towarzyszyły wzrost Pobudzenia Energetycznego i Tonu Hedonistycznego przekładających się na poprawę samopoczucia i nastroju; spadek liczby epizodów agresji/samoagresji i związanej z tym hospitalizacji.

Wnioski

Zmiany w sposobie żywienia spowodowały zmniejszenie ilości marnowanego przez pensjonariuszy jedzenia, wzrost siły chwytu ręcznego oraz poprawę samopoczucia i nastroju przekładających się na spadek liczby epizodów agresji/samoagresji i związanej z tym hospitalizacji oraz poprawę wartości ciśnienia tętniczego krwi i zmniejszenie liczby uciążliwych nieżytów górnych dróg oddechowych, co sumarycznie zmniejszyło liczbę i ilość ordynowanych leków.
The risk of anxiety disorders in women in the first year postpartum – the results from the postpartum depression prevention program ‟Next Stop: MUM”
Authors: Chrzan-Dętkoś Magdalena , Murawska Natalia
Published: February 2024

Cel pracy

Celem pracy było zbadanie nasilenia objawów lękowych oraz współwystępowania zaburzeń lękowych i zaburzeń nastroju w grupie kobiet w pierwszym roku po porodzie uczestniczących w programie profilaktyki depresji poporodowej.

Metoda

W badaniu wzięło udział 1514 kobiet, które zostały przebadane przez położne podczas wizyty patronażowej i brały udział w badaniu follow-up oraz 10 454 kobiet, które wzięły udział w badaniu przesiewowym online przeprowadzonym na stronie internetowej projektu. Do badań przesiewowych wykorzystano Edynburską Skalę Depresji Poporodowej, w tym analizę czynnikową do oceny podskali lęku (ESDP 3 A) oraz kwestionariusz GAD-2.

Wyniki

Wyniki wskazujący na ryzyko zaburzeń lękowych uzyskało 9,5 % kobiet podczas badania patronażowego oraz, w zależności od metody badania 21,2%. (ESDP 3 A) lub 13.2 % (GAD 2) w badaniu follow up do 9 miesiąca po porodzie. W badaniu online wyniki wskazujące na duże ryzyko zaburzeń lękowych uzyskało 62.8% kobiet. Dla porównania, wynik 12 punktów i więcej wskazujący na ryzyko depresji uzyskało 6,3% w pierwszym miesiącu po porodzie i 14,3% w badaniu follow up. Zaburzenia lękowe i zaburzenia nastroju są ze sobą istotnie powiązane (r =0,631, p<0,01).

Wnioski

Ryzyko zaburzeń lękowych po porodzie jest wyższe lub podobnie wysokie jak zaburzeń nastroju. Uzasadnione jest rozszerzenie badań przesiewowych o badanie w kierunku zaburzeń lękowych oraz opracowanie szybkiej ścieżki wczesnej interwencji psychologicznej/psychiatrycznej dla potrzebujących kobiet.
Boldness, meanness and disinhibition as predictors of indirect/direct type of aggressive behavior in youth
Authors: Nowakowski Krzysztof
Published: February 2024

Cel pracy

Wiele danych potwierdza, że wysoki poziom cech psychopatycznych u młodzieży wiąże się ze skłonnością do stosowania różnych rodzajów i form agresji. W prezentowanych badaniach skoncentrowano się na związkach zachodzących pomiędzy psychopatią, a agresją pośrednią (relacyjną) i bezpośrednią w tej grupie wiekowej. Zastosowano triarchiczny model psychopatii, zgodnie z którym psychopatię opisuje się jako konfigurację zuchwałości, bezduszności i rozhamowania. Założono, że zuchwałość będzie predyktorem dla agresji pośredniej, a rozhamowanie dla bezpośrednich form zachowań agresywnych.

Metoda

Do pomiaru badanych zmiennych zastosowano metody typu self-report: Triarchiczną Miarę Psychopatii (TriPM-41), Skalę Agresji Pośredniej w wersji dla sprawców (IAS-A) oraz Kwestionariusz Agresji Bussa – Perry’ego (AQ). Próba badawcza składała się z 200 starszych adolescentów (108 chłopców i 92 dziewcząt) w wieku 16-19 lat. Wyodrębniono dwie równoliczne grupy porównawcze: nieletnich z młodzieżowych ośrodków wychowawczych oraz młodzieży nie naruszającej norm prawnych.

Wyniki

Spośród wymiarów psychopatii najsilniejszym predyktorem dla obydwu form agresji (pośredniej i bezpośredniej) okazało się rozhamowanie. Wykazano również istnienie istotnych różnic w nasileniu cech psychopatycznych i zachowań agresywnych ze względu na płeć oraz instytucjonalizację. Nie potwierdzono natomiast hipotezy o związku pomiędzy zuchwałością a agresją pośrednią.

Wnioski

Wyniki wskazują, że cechy psychopatii ujmowane na wymiarze rozhamowania i bezduszności można uznać za znaczące osobowościowe czynniki ryzyka zachowań agresywnych i przemocy nie tylko u dorosłych, ale i u młodzieży. Dane przemawiają również za heterogenicznością samego modelu triarchicznego psychopatii.
Editorial
Authors: Dudek Dominika , Sobański Jerzy A. , Klasa Katarzyna
Published: February 2024

Bez streszczenia