bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pattern and Direction of Microstrain in Q&T Steel Weld Joint
Authors: Yurianto  , Pratikto  , Soenoko Rudy , Suprapto Wahyono , Sulardjaka
Published: February 2019

The welded joint always contains the microstrain when welding is complete. The microstrain generates distortion and changes of the physical shape of the weld joint. The purpose of the study was to observe the pattern and direction of residual stress before and after welding Q900&T125 and Q900&T175 Steel. The materials used for this study is Hot Rolled Plate Steel made by Indonesia steel industry. Method of this study is 1. Q900&T125 and Q900&T125 Steel machined in V-butt joint. This joints weld by using manual gas metal arc welding, Q900&T125 and Q900&T125 Steel weld joint can be found. 2. Measuring the distance from the lattice planes before and after welding by using Neutron-Ray Diffraction. Then the microstrain can be found. By involving Poisson numbers and modulus of elasticity of material in microstrain obtained residual stress. All the pattern of microstrain is compressive stress and leads to the weld center.
Generalized Formulation for Fatigue Assessment of Laser Stake-welded T-joints Varying Thicknesses and Loading Conditions
Authors: Gallo Pasquale , Remes Heikki , Romanoff Jani
Published: February 2019

The present work considers the evolution of the crack tip plasticity ahead of the crack-like notches with varying the loading condition and the thickness of laser stake-welded T-joints. A general procedure is described for the fatigue assessment of the joints under different loading conditions and made of different thicknesses. The new method is based on the analyses of the first order plastic radius (according to Irwin) for pure mode I, and it is generalized to mixed mode (I+II) by using the Minimum Plastic Zone Radius (MPZR) criterion. The method is validated, in the end, with a case study and explains why the fatigue slope m varies for joints loaded under bending/tension and when the thickness is reduced. The results prove that the procedure gives an excellent estimation of the fatigue life.
HCF Failure Modes and Mechanisms of Dissimilar Welds of Martensite/Austenite Metals at Elevated Temperature
Authors: Shao Chendong , Cui Haichao , Lu Fenggui , Li Zhuguo
Published: February 2019

In this paper, the high cycle fatigue (HCF) behavior and failure mechanism of welded joint for martensite/austenite dissimilar metals were systematically investigated at elevated temperature. The HCF tests were performed at different elevated temperatures of 550, 600 and 630°C with stress ratio of -1. Most tested specimens failed in the heat affected zone (HAZ) of martensite metal, while minor failure occurred on the weld metal (WM) with comparatively more scattered fatigue life. Fatigue crack in the WM initiated from welding defects like porosities and non-metallic inclusions. For failures in the 10Cr-HAZ, fatigue cracks nucleated from the interior matrix of HAZ, which possessed lower hardness. The initiation of cracks was divided into facet type crack origin (FTCO) and rough type crack origin (RTCO). FTCO was observed for specimens tested at high stress amplitude with fatigue life below 107 cycles. Micro-cracks were observed at prior austenite grain boundaries (PAGBs) at high stress level. Micro-cracks preferred to form at martensite lath boundaries and coalesced into macro-crack leading to the formation of RTCO under the condition of lower stress.
The Effect of Microstructure on Stress Corrosion CrackingGrowth Rates of LowAlloy High Strength Steel Welded Joint
Authors: Chu Tongjiao , Cui Haichao , Lu Fenggui
Published: February 2019

The correlation of multi-microstructure and stress corrosion sensitivity based on the low alloy high strength steel welded joint was systematically studied in NaCl solution at the hightemperature. Through comparatively measuring the stress corrosion crack (SCC) rate in the different area of base metal (BM) and weld metal (WM) respectively, the SCC resistance in welded joint was evaluated and analysed. The SCC test indicated that the WM presented a lower crack growth rate (CGR) compared to the BM. The reason for that was mainly ascribed to the columnar of WM that impeded the crack growth in the vertical direction of stress. Meanwhile, the interwoven microstructure of nonparallel ferrite strips and fine acicular ferrite in the WM led to the zigzag propagated path and decreased the CGR.
Analysis of Weld Cold Cracking In Excavator Bucket Adapter
Authors: Adam Wahidun , Dewo Pratjojo , Winarto Winarto
Published: February 2019

This paper presents a failure analysis on welding of bucket adapter for an excavator that made of low carbon steel with Ideal Diameter (DI) value 341 and Carbon Equivalent 0.73. The bucket component is stated OK as the final inspection, but four months later found cracked and even it has not been used yet. Adapter mounted to bucket through CO2 gas shielded Gas Metal Arc Welding (GMAW) process, filler metal MG-50 (AWS A5.18 ER70S-G), pre-heating and post-heating. Crack occurred on the boundary of weld metal and adapter casting. The metallurgical examination was conducted in the crack origin and the adapter casting. Nondestructive test (NDT) covered visual and magnetic test (MT), while destructive test (DT) covered fractography, mechanical properties, and Electron Probe Micro Analyzer (EPMA). The investigation resulted in that crack initiated from slag inclusion in the weld metal due to insufficient cleaning on weld joint. The higher hardness of martensite structure in the heat affected zone (HAZ) of adapter indicates high cooling rate that gen erates high residual stress. High stress that caused by insufficient post heating triggered severe crack propagation. By its characteristic, crack is called the cold cracking, delayed cracking, or hydrogen-induced cracking (HIC).
Prevent Cracking in Deposition of Carbon Steel on Inconel 625
Authors: Morsy M. A. , El Koussy M. R. , Farag M. M.
Published: February 2019

Welding procedure of clad steel including deposition of carbon steel on nickel base alloy usually gives unaccepted mechanical properties. Cracks were formed along type II boundary in nickel base alloy pass and a martensitic layer was formed in carbon steel pass. In this paper, cracks along type II boundary were prevented by lowering the martensitic start temperature (TMs) of the martensitic layer. Decreasing of TMs was obtained by two methods: Dilution method and Grain refining method. Three levels of TMs (approximately 350, 200, and 50⁰C) are obtained. The results showed that: cracks along type II boundary were prevented at TMs lower than 200⁰C; however type II boundary itself was prevented at TMs lower than 50𠜌. Also post weld heat treatment was necessary to achieve accepted impact properties.
Controlling the Width of Weld Bead from the Weld Pool Using Machine Vision and Artificial Neural Network
Authors: Baskoro Ario Sunar , Purwanto Duvall Anggraita , Widyianto Agus
Published: February 2019

In this study, the development of artificial neural network systems was proposed to keep the width of weld bead constant by controlling the welding speed. During Gas Tungsten Arc Welding, the weld bead was observed directly using machine vision system that utilized CCD camera. Matlab software was used for image processing algorithm and training the data. In training the data, two methods were used which are training with normalization and without normalization. ANN input parameters were arc current, welding speed, number of pixel and location of weld bead. Double hidden layer was used where each one of them consists of 25 nodes, and the output parameter is new controlled welding speed. The testing data was performed using 100, 105 and 110 A with initial welding speed of 1.35, 1.40 and 1.45 mm/s. The measurement of weld bead was taken using two different methods, machine vision and manual measurement. The result showed that the width of weld bead on welding current of 105 A is close to the target of 7 mm with the average error of 0.49 mm. The best result for the machine vision and manual measurement can be achieved when the welding current is 110 A with a normalization.
Review on Plasma Atomizer Technology for Metal Powder
Authors: Baskoro Ario Sunar , Supriadi Sugeng , Dharmanto
Published: February 2019

The application of plasma process is growing field covering a wide range of activities, from welding technology, coating technology, deposition technology, manufacturing technology of metal powder, and other important engineering technology. The manufacture of metal powders can be generated from the process of gas atomization, water atomization, plasma atomization, and plasma rotating electrodes process atomization. In the process of plasma atomization provides advantages in addition to producing round powder, it is also very potential for efficient processing and recycling of used and alloy materials, thus saving fuel and essential materials. These operations will have a continuing impact on our industrial society as a whole. The industry of future metal powder manufacturers that utilize plasma atomization technology is an investment strategy that has a great opportunity to grow rapidly. A variety of plasma processes for the manufacture of metal powders will be reviewed in this paper, among others, are plasma atomization and plasma rotating electrodes process atomization. They are all potentially able to control and to produce of metal powders of spherical particles, making it very profitable on powder technology applications. The purpose of this review is to summarize and provide future research for activities in the field of metal powders by plasma atomization processes. The emphasis on plasma engineering technology future research in powder making available for exploration and research needs to be met so that these future research can be realized. Finally, the future challenges of automation from the use of plasma atomization technology for additives manufacturing, powder welding and medical manufacturing.
Road improvement from flexible pavement to rigid on Munjul - Panimbang Road Banten
Authors: Rosdiyani Telly , Noor Gunawan , Iswan Irja
Published: February 2019

Roads are an important element in promoting public welfare. With the approach of regional development, the achievement of balance and equitable regional development. Munjul-Panimbang Road Section, a crossroads of tourist access and liaison between villages and sub-districts, this certainly requires an increase in roads in facilitating transportation mobility. Improving the pavement structure that has been declining is one of the solutions that must be done immediately by replacing the pavement flexure structure into concrete pavement (Rigit Pavement). This project has been completed, thereby analyzing the suitability of the Concrete Pavement Road Pavement Planning. This road improvement uses the Concrete Pavement Concatenated Pavement (BBDT) type, stretching the thickness of concrete plate and the required reinforcement diameter. The research method based on Concrete Pavement Concrete Pavement Planning, Pd T-14 2003. Primary data and secondary data are needed as supporting in research. The result of the analysis shows that concrete pavement planning is 15 cm thick concrete plaster and perforated reinforcement per meter using 5D15 mm - 200 mm, while crosslinks per meter of 2D10 mm - 500 mm can withstand the burden of vehicles traveling on the road with the age of 20 years.
Mode choice model analysis between ridesouring and ridesplitting service in DKI Jakarta
Authors: Cahyo Anggit , Nahry  , Burhan Helen
Published: February 2019

Beside the ridesoucing service, ridesplitting service is also offered by Transport Network Companies (TNC). The ridesplitting service have more benefit than ridesourcing because it is using the concept of carsharing. The current condition for ridesplitting service is not popular and only have small demand than ridesourcing service. This study aims to establish a mode choice model between ridesourcing and ridesplitting service in DKI Jakarta and to estimate the potential of demand shifting from ridesourcing to ridesplitting service in DKI Jakarta. The mode choice model is developed from binary logit model with stated preference survey using fare saving, additional time travel and security presented by gender parameter of ridesplitting service. the sensitivity of logit model show that highest sensitivity rate to increase mode switching to ridesplitting service is in 20% to 50% fare saving level. The probability of current condition to switch to ridesplitting service is 20%.
Selection of ports, tariffs, service frequency, and ship size for a SSS Route in Java Island
Authors: Simangunsong Johannes E. , Sjafruddin Ade , Al-Rasyid S. Lubis Harun , Bona Frazila Russ
Published: February 2019

Short Sea Shipping (SSS) is one of modes to reduce the dominance of trucking mode of freight transportation in Indonesia. It concerns to multimodal freight transportation network system through sea mode transportation line. As a maritime nation, it is possible to develop SSS lines in Indonesia. The development of the SSS lines is expected to improve the continuity of goods which supporting the efficiency and effectiveness of the national logistics system. It develops integrated connectivity in local, inter-island and national scale. The objective of this study is to obtain optimum SSS route with objective function to maximize the difference of total transportation cost by designing SSS operating system model. Several factors are considered in SSS operating system model as policy measures, such as transit ports selection, tariffs, services, and ship sizes. This SSS model is approached by Incremental Assignment method. SSS operating system model will be applied to the freight mobility in Java.
Developing model of toll road traffic forecasting during ramp-up period
Authors: Indra Dharmawan Weka , Sjafruddin Ade , Bona Frazila Russ , Zukhruf Febri
Published: February 2019

The Feasibility of Toll Road project investment that uses Public Private Partnership (PPP) scheme is largely determined by the accuracy of traffic forecasting as a reflection of revenue streams. The accuracy level of traffic forecasting is needed to get a description of risks and uncertainty of Toll Road projects to be invested. Unfortunately, the international studies of forecasting show to trend of overestimate, particularly occurred in the early years of the new Toll Road operation. It is the acute problem in the short term Toll Road investment or known as ‘ramp-up period’. The conventional model of aggregation based on socio-economic and demographic growth has not been able to anticipate the problem, since the ramp-up period is a process of learning and adaptation for regional travellers due to changes in travel behaviour after the new Toll Road infrastructure began to operate. Accordingly, the disaggregation model is considered the most realistic used to predict the potential traffic that occur during the ramp-up period. This paper provides a review of several studies dealing with traffic forecasting model for Toll Road projects during the rump-up period.
Motorcycle accident modelling for the formulation of motorist safety action programs in Kupang City
Authors: Bolla Margareth E. , Mardiyati Sir Tri , Djahamouw Putri D.K.
Published: February 2019

Kupang city had to deal with transport safety issues where the total number of traffic accidents in 2017 increased by 51.05% compared to 2011. This study aims to describe and analyze the factors that affect motorcycle accidents through modelling by the method of Generalized Linear Models with Genstat and SPSS programm. Based on the results of the police report data summary, accidents most often occur on Sunday (15.95%); the time span at 18:00 to 23:59 pm (45.94%); type of hit the front (35.68%); victims died (12.19%), male sex (80.71%); age range 18-25 years (37.20%); with the level of education at the level of Higher Education (42.38%); worked in the private sector (37.75%); do not have a driver's license (75.43%). The results of the analysis of survey data obtained equation modelling accident MCA = 0,0006713* Flow 0.000275*exp [0.2144 LaneWidth - ShoulderWidth_Sidewalk 1.952 - 2.026 MedianRoad + 0.2139 Speed + 0.0513 Access]. Modelling results showed that the addition of total lane width decrease the number of motorcycle accidents by 10% per year, pavement by 6% per year, median by 13% per year, traffic flow by 3% per year, speed by 14% per year, access road by 2% per year. It is therefore recommended a program of action in the form of additional elements of the road medians and pavement on a road segment that the accident rate can be reduced.
Bench scale study of moving bed biofilm reactor application as pre-treatment of raw water for water treatment plant (Case study: Pesanggrahan River)
Authors: Fauza Setiani Rhefa , Sarwanto Moersidik Setyo , Adityosulindro Sandyanto
Published: February 2019

The quality of surface water in Jakarta is on a serious polluted status. In order to reduce the Water Treatment processing load, a pre-treatment process is needed to eliminate parameters such as organic matter, ammonia, color, taste, and odor. This treatment generally uses chemical and physical processes, such as chlorination and activated carbon that produce harmful byproducts. Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor (MBBR) is one of the solutions developed to reduce the nutrient and organic levels in raw water. This study aims to improve the quality of raw water, by reducing the concentration of COD, NH3-N, Phosphate, and TSS before entering the conventional process. Reactor performance is assessed based on contaminant removal efficiency with variation of residence time (1 hour, 1.5 hours, 2 hours). The reactor is operated by using Kaldness K1 as the medium and oxygen supply of 7 L/min. The optimum residence time is 1,5 hours with the ability to remove COD, NH3-N, Phosphate, TSS 51.8% ± 0.2; 54.3% ± 0.28; 52.6% ± 0.19; and 77.7% ± 0.14 respectively. Based on the optimum residence time, the kinetics of the ammonia removal rate in MBBR takes place at zero order, with a rate constant removal of 0.0056 g/m2.day. The results showed that the higher concentration of ammonia, and organic contaminants treated, the higher the efficiency of MBBR. Apart from water quality improvement, pre-treatment process using MBBR can reduce coagulant dose from 50 mg/L to 9 mg/L, to decrease raw water turbidity from 135 NTU to 0.68 NTU before entering the coagulation-flocculation unit.
Flood control at km 130 Padaleunyi Toll
Authors: Anggraeni Suci , Adi Kuntoro Arno , Farid Mohammad , Harlan Dhemi , Adityawan M. Bagus
Published: February 2019

Flood is one of the natural phenomena that often brings loss of property and life. Mostly, it occurs during a high-intensity rainfall event in the catchment area which results in high river flow that cannot be accommodated by river cross sections. In Bandung area, one of the locations that are often hit by the flood is located on km 130 of the Padaleunyi toll road. This flood occurred due to the overflow of the Cilember and/or Cimancong rivers tributary which flows parallel to the toll road, inundating the toll road segment with low elevation at around km 130+500. This paper aims to analyze the effective flood control methods in the above location. With catchment area around 2.3km2, which is relatively small, peak flood discharge calculation was carried out using a rational method. Hydraulics simulation was carried out using HecRas, based on river field measurement data of Cilember and Cimancong river cross-section. Analysis result shows that the combination between flood embankment construction and river normalization provides a significant decrease in flood water level in km 130 Padaleunyi toll road. The reinforced concrete vertical wall was considered as the appropriate flood protections structure due to the limited space available between the river and the toll road segment. This paper also underlined the impact of the increasing loss of water retention areas on an increased risk of flooding.
The investigation on high-rise building tilting from the issue of land subsidence in Jakarta City
Authors: Andreas Heri , Zainal Abidin Hasanuddin , Anggreni Sarsito Dina , Pradipta Dhota
Published: February 2019

One of the issues from land subsidence consequences is tilting on building. At the places where differential subsidence is existed we might literally see the building tilted. Jakarta is a mega city in Indonesia where significant land subsidence (e.g. 1-26 centimeter per year) is happening today. Issue of tilting on buildings due to land subsidence in Jakarta has been raisin. There is one high-rise building namely Menara Saidah which is judging to be tilting. As consequences the building has been abandoned. The building in the office of House of Representative is also being rumored to be tilting. Judging and rumored are not scientific, we need real measurements. There are more than two hundreds of high-rise buildings established in Jakarta city. We use the Terrestrial Laser Scanner survey to investigate the issue of high-rise building. This technology has capability to create 3D object with milimeter accuracy. Tilting on the building can be seen simply by their verticality. We have chosen several high-rise buildings to accurately measure, especially where large subsidence is there. This paper is a highlight on the investigation. As the conclusion we found the verticality of investigated buildings are still within the tolerance.
A Comparison of Hazards and Efficiencies of Conventional and Adaptive Control Algorithms Using Systems-Theoretic Process Analysis
Authors: Ohrem Sveinung Johan , Kim HyungJu , Lundteigen Mary Ann , Holden Christian
Published: February 2019

Control systems are an important and increasingly complex part of most industrial and non-industrial systems. As such, identifying and handling associated risks is increasingly important. Systems- Theoretic Process Analysis (STPA) is a relatively new hazard identification method developed to analyze modern, complex control systems. While traditional hazard analysis methods mainly focus on the failures of a system, STPA focuses on interactions among control commands and environmental conditions, so that potential non-failure problems, mainly caused by unsafe control actions, can be identified. Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) controllers are the most common conventional controllers (CCs) and are widely used in industry due to their simplicity. PID controllers are tuned for operation and based on the system behaviour, in a certain limited operating region. If the behavior and/or operating region of a system changes over time, the PID controller requires retuning to perform as desired and prevent loss of production, or accidents, due to inadequate control. Adaptive controllers (ACs) are able to self-adjust and adapt to changes in the system parameters and operating region, such that the overall control task is performed without the need for continuous re-tuning by an operator. The tuning of an AC is done once, at the time of implementation. This can be very helpful for both the efficiency and the safety of the control system. The interactions between the operator and the control system are reduced when the controller is able to self-adjust, potentially reducing the number of hazards. On the other hand, the complexity of ACs may introduce new kinds of hazards that do not exist when using CCs. In this paper, we compare CCs and ACs from both a control and a safety perspective using STPA. As a test case, we compare the efficiencies and hazards of a CC, and an AC applied to a pipeline-riser system subject to slug flow, a hazardous phenomenon occurring in mixed oil and gas pipes. This phenomenon is difficult to control since the behaviour changes drastically with different flow conditions.
Elastic modulus and stress-strain curve analysis of a tungsten mine waste alkali-activated concrete
Authors: Humbert Pedro Silva , Gomes João Paulo De Castro , Bernardo Luis Filipe Almeida , Pinto Clemente Martins , Paszek Natalia
Published: February 2019

In the paper the compressive strength, the elastic modulus and the stress-strain curve of an alkaliactivated concrete were studied. A tungsten mine waste mud (TMWM), aggregate (also from the tungsten mine), glass waste and metakaolin were used as raw materials. Sodium silicate and sodium hydroxide were used as activators. First, TMWM chemical composition was determined by scanning electron microscopyenergy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM-EDS). The maximum particle size was 18mm. Two cubes with side dimension of 15cm were prepared from the mixture. Samples were cured at 60°C for 24 hours. A concrete mixer, vibration table and an oven were used in the process. After the curing process, cubes were cut into seven prisms and one cube with the dimensions 15x7.4x7.4cm and 7.4cm respectively. After 28 days, the laboratory tests were performed. During the compressive strength tests, the displacements were also recorded which allowed drawing the stress-strain curve of the samples. The compressive strength ranged from 17.27 to 28.84MPa. The elastic modulus was calculated by four different standards: ASTM, LNEC and European standard. The elastic modulus ranged from 2.48 to 7.49GPa what showed that the material is more elastic than ordinary Portland cement concrete.
High-performance alkali-activated composites containing an iron-ore mine tailing as aggregate
Authors: Batista Raquel P. , Costa Juliana O. , Borges Paulo H. R. , Dos Santos Flávio A. , Lameiras Fernando S.
Published: February 2019

High-performance cementitious composites have been developed to overcome the brittleness of mortars and concretes, thus improving the deformation and toughness of these materials under flexion and tension. Poli Vinyl Alcohol (PVA) fibres are employed in the production of such “Engineered Cementitious Composites” - ECC; the PVA fibres have a loadcarrying capacity after the first crack (matrix failure), which changes the mechanical behaviour of the composites from brittle to ductile and significantly increases the ultimate strength. This deflection or strain-hardening behaviour is accompanied by a multiple cracking of the composites, which results from the design of a proper formulation, with correct amount of PVA fibres (usually 2% vol. fraction) and employment of a very fine sand (passing 0.6 mm). Recent developments in the area of ECC comprise the replacement of Portland cement (PC) matrices with alkali-activated materials (AAM). The idea is to produce composites with similar performance but with improved chemical durability and lower environmental impact. A more sustainable solution would consider the replacement of the fine sand with mine tailings in the production of ECC-AAM. Some tailings from the iron-ore mining activities in Brazil are significantly finer than those aggregates used for PC mortars and concretes; therefore, they cannot be employed in traditional PC-based materials. Nevertheless, those fine materials could replace the fine natural aggregate used in the production of ECC. This paper investigates the replacement of a natural quartz sand with an iron-rich mine tailing in PVA-reinforced AAM. Four composites were studied from a combination of two different matrices and 2 different aggregates. The matrices were obtained from the alkaline activation of metakaolin (MK) with sodium silicate (Na2SiO3) and sodium hydroxide (NaOH); silica fume (SF) was used to adjust their composition: SiO2 / Al2O3 molar ratio equal to 3.0 or 3.8. The aggregates used were either natural quartz (passing 0.6 mm) or tailings produced during the mining activities of iron ore in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. The mine tailing studied is much finer than the natural sand (passing 0.3 mm) but it was used as received in the production of ECC-AAM. The aggregate to binder ratio was kept constant (equal to 1.0 in mass) irrespective of the type of aggregate. All mortars were reinforced with 2% vol. of PVA fibres; extra water was added to the mixes to maintain the same consistency for the composites. The mechanical properties investigated are compressive strength, flexural strength and toughness. The apparent dry density of the mortars was also assessed. The preliminary results presented in this paper indicate that iron-rich tailings may be effectively used in the production of ECC-AAM; however, durability tests are still necessary.
Effect of elevated temperatures on alkali-activated tungsten mining waste based materials
Authors: Silva-Figueiredo Rafael , Castro-Gomes João
Published: February 2019

Generally, alkali-activated materials (aka geopolymers) present good behaviour at high temperatures, but previous studies of geopolymers under elevated temperatures are, in most cases, focused on metakaolin or fly ash based geopolymers, making the information on geopolymers with mining waste mud almost inexistent. In this paper, were analysed geopolymers with different combinations of mining waste mud, waste glass powder, metakaolin and expanded cork in a total of 15 different mixtures using sodium hydroxide and sodium silicate as alkaline activators. Materials particle size used is under 500 μm for mining waste mud, waste glass powder. Some mixtures also included expanded granulated cork with particle size between 2 to 4 mm. Ten samples with 40 × 40 × 40 mm dimensions were used for the compression test, one sample for the TGA test, and one cube (100 × 100 × 60 mm) with a frustoconical hole (50 mm deep) and a 100 × 100 × 25 mm cover, for the cup test. All the mixtures were cured for 24h at a temperature of 60 °C before being demoulded, and left at room temperature until they reach 7 days to be tested. On the 7th day, of each mixture, samples were placed in a static furnace before the compression test submitted to a temperature of 800 °C during 2h. Then, the compression test was performed and the values before and after exposure to high temperatures were compared. Were recorded maximum gains of 724% and maximum losses of 100% in the compressive strength. This preliminary result shows the potentials of mining waste alkali-activated materials for elevated temperatures applications.
Portland versus alkali-activated cement wall panels containing mine tailing as aggregate: one-story house thermal performance simulation in a Brazilian and Portuguese hot and humid climate
Authors: Baumbach Miriam O. , Ramos Lucas T. S. , Batista Raquel P. , Oliveira Raquel D. , Borges Paulo H. R.
Published: February 2019

Alkali-activated materials (AAM) compared to Portland cement (PC) may significantly reduce the carbon dioxide emissions, as well as the consumption of non-renewable natural resources in civil engineering applications. Further environmental advantages are possible if natural aggregates used for mortars and concretes are replaced with residues and wastes from industrial or mining activities. This paper compares the performance of PC with AAM as binders in cementitious wall panels for external cladding in hot and humid climate. Three different cementitious matrices are proposed, consisting of either 100% Portland cement (PC), 100% alkali-activated metakaolin (MK) or 80/20 alkali-activated Metakaolin/Blastfurnace slag (80/20 MK/BFS). Mortars were produced with the addition of tailing from iron-ore mining activities in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil, at an aggregate to binder ratio of 1.0 for all matrices. The thermal property determined for the three mortars was Thermal Conductivity using a heat flow meter (HFM) apparatus according to ISO 8301 (1999); their apparent density was also measured. After that, one-story house building simulation was carried out using the Energy Plus Software. The main room annual operative temperature provided by different panels used as cladding was compared to the adaptive comfort range established on ASHRAE Standard 55/2013 for a Brazilian and Portuguese hot and humid climate. According to the Climate Zone Definitions of ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 169/2006, Belo Horizonte (Brazil) and Funchal (Portugal) were selected as a sample of 2A zone that presents a hot and humid climate. Partial results of this research were presented in this paper. Results show that building simulations can effectively contribute to validate the selection of materials in the production of sustainable wall panels that provide suitable thermal conditions to the users in hot and humid climate.
Gangrenous cervicofacial cellulitis from odontogenic infection: two clinical cases
Authors: Hoarau David , Folia Mireille , Zwetyenga Narcisse , Ahossi Victorin
Published: February 2019

Introduction: Cervicofacial cellulitis resulting from common odontogenic infections is rare but serious, with life-threatening complications and potential general or local complications. Observation: Two cases are discussed here. The first observed case concerned a 32-year-old patient, affected by gangrenous cellulitis, following the avulsion of teeth number 38. The second observed case was of a chronic periapical infection being left untreated. The urgency of these two cases required the coordination of medical and surgical specialist teams to ensure a stable and successful treatment, involving surgical treatment, drug therapy, and reanimation. Discussion: The inadequate treatment or chronic dental infections, associated with immunosuppression and some cofactors (tobacco, alcohol, drugs, pregnancy, etc.), can lead to severe case of cellulitis. Medical and surgical management should be carried out as soon as possible to prevent the onset of serious complications such as mediastinitis, septic shock, and thrombophlebitis.
Branchio-oto-renal syndrome: a clinical case
Authors: Lagarde Xavier , Fenelon Mathilde , Fricain Jean Christophe
Published: February 2019

Observation: A 19-week-old patient seen in an oral dermatology clinic had small labial commissures pits associated with auricular abnormalities. Similar clinical elements were found in the family medical history. A diagnosis of branchio-oto-renal syndrome (BOR) was quickly evoked. Commentary: BOR syndrome is a rare disease. This autosomal dominant pathology is characterized by facial lesions and renal abnormalities. Diagnosis is based on many clinical criteria. An optional genetic study can sometimes assist in diagnosis.
Biological traits of Quadrastichus mendeli (Hymenoptera, Eulophidae), parasitoid of the eucalyptus gall wasp Leptocybe invasa (Hymenoptera, Eulophidae) in Thailand
Authors: Sangtongpraow Benjakhun , Charernsom Kosol
Published: February 2019

Quadrastichus mendeli Kim & La Salle, a parasitoid of Leptocybe invasa Fisher & La Salle, is a uniparental species. This study assessed the biological traits of Q. mendeli in the laboratory at a temperature of 27 ± 1 °C. Diets had a highly significant effect on the mean longevity of female Q. mendeli. Feeding honey solution prolonged the mean longevity of the parasitoid to 4.80 days. The estimated 50% survival period was 3 days. The mean potential fecundity in all ages was 8.85 eggs per female. Age had a highly significant effect on the mean egg load. There was a positive relationship between egg load and female size. The mean of realized fecundity throughout the life span was 2.47 progenies per female. The mean developmental time of Q. mendeli from the egg to adult stage was 27.06 days. The shorter developmental time of Q. mendeli in comparison to its host can be considered a reason for the successful control of L. invasa in Thailand.
Zusammenhang von Mobbing, internalisierenden Verhaltensproblemen und Inanspruchnahme von psychiatrischer und psychotherapeutischer Behandlung in der deutschen Allgemeinbevölkerung
Authors: Brown Rebecca C. , Plener Paul , Brähler Elmar , Fegert Jörg M.
Published: February 2019

Gegenstand und Ziel Mobbing hat sich in internationalen Studien als signifikanter Risikofaktor für negative gesundheitliche Folgen gezeigt. Ziel dieser Studie war eine Erhebung dieser Faktoren in der Allgemeinbevölkerung Deutschlands.

Methoden Eine repräsentative Stichprobe (N = 2424) der deutschen Allgemeinbevölkerung wurde zu ihren Erfahrungen mit Mobbing in der Schule und am Arbeitsplatz, Suizidversuchen und selbstverletzendem Verhalten und der Inanspruchnahme psychiatrischer und psychotherapeutischer Behandlung befragt. Zudem wurden aktuelle Depressions- und Angstsymptome erfasst.

Ergebnisse Personen, die in der Schule gemobbt wurden, zeigten ein 10-fach erhöhtes Risiko, ebenfalls am Arbeitsplatz von Mobbing betroffen zu sein. Es zeigte sich ein starker Zusammenhang zwischen Mobbing und internalisierenden Verhaltensproblemen sowie einer erhöhten Behandlungsinanspruchnahme.

Schlussfolgerung Mobbing stellt einen Risikofaktor für internalisierende Verhaltensauffälligkeiten in der Allgemeinbevölkerung in Deutschland dar.

Klinische Relevanz In der Anamnese sollten Mobbingerfahrungen erfasst werden, um ggf. adäquate Hilfsmaßnahmen einleiten zu können.
Frühe Fettgewebsdysfunktion bei Kindern mit
Adipositas
Authors: Landgraf Kathrin , Kiess Wieland , Körner Antje
Published: February 2019

Die frühe Kindheit ist ein kritisches Alter für die Entwicklung von chronischer
Adipositas. Die Anhäufung von Fettgewebe während der Entwicklung und Progression
der frühen Adipositas im Kindesalter tritt sowohl durch Hypertrophie als auch
Hyperplasie der Adipozyten im Fettgewebe auf. Dabei ist die derzeit verbreitete
Hypothese, dass die Anzahl der Adipozyten in der Kindheit bestimmt wird und
während des gesamten Lebens relativ konstant bleibt, obwohl bis zu einem
gewissen Grad eine ständige Erneuerung von Adipozyten durch die Proliferation
und Differenzierung von im Fettgewebe vorhandenen adipogenen Vorläuferzellen
stattfindet. Adipositas ist bereits in der frühen Kindheit mit Störungen in der
Biologie und Funktion des weißen Fettgewebes assoziiert, einschließlich der
Adipozytenhypertrophie, lokalen und systemischen inflammatorischen Prozessen,
einer Remodellierung der extrazellulären Matrix und Fibrose, verstärkter
Proliferation von adipogenen Vorläuferzellen und Störungen in der
Adipokinsekretion. Diese Veränderungen in der Biologie und Funktion des
Fettgewebes sind potentiell ursächliche Faktoren, welche zur Entwicklung von
Adipositas-assoziierten Begleiterkrankungen, wie Diabetes und
Herz-Kreislauf-Erkrankungen, im späteren Leben beitragen.
Mobbing in der Welt der Skulpturen
Authors: Santana Anna Sacher
Published: February 2019

Mobbing und Ausgrenzung ist ein Thema, das fast allen Kindern und Jugendlichen, die psychiatrisch auffällig sind, begegnet. Bei vielen ist es auslösend für psychiatrische Erkrankungen, aber oft auch sekundär, da die Betroffenen „anders“ sind als „die anderen“. Leider ist es aber auch ein Thema, das oft verharmlost wird und mit dem viel zu selten offen umgegangen wird. In einem Kunst(-therapeutischen)-Projekt in der KJP der Universität Ulm wurde eine Skulpturengruppe zum Thema „Dazugehören“ als Gegenstück zum Thema „Mobbing“ von der Künstlerin und Kinder- und Jugendpsychiaterin Anna Sacher Santana in Zusammenarbeit mit den Kindern und Jugendlichen der KJP entwickelt und gebaut. In dieser kreativen Gruppenarbeit wurde das Thema auf individueller Ebene beleuchtet, Kernelemente des „Dazugehörens“ erarbeitet, im Gruppenprozess erfahrbar gemacht und schließlich gemeinsam realisiert. Durch den offenen Gruppenumgang mit den Erfahrungen der Betroffenen erfolgte im Prozess eine Entstigmatisierung und Erleichterung. Verstärkt wurde diese Erfahrung zusätzlich durch den Umstand, dass das Kunstobjekt, welches entstanden war, von den Eltern, Angehörigen, Freunden, Lehrern, Politikern und Entscheidungsträgern gesehen und geschätzt wurde. Alles zusammen förderte das Gefühl, mit dem Problem nicht allein zu sein, wahrgenommen zu werden und „dazu zu gehören“.

Als die Skulpturengruppe am Gelände der KJP Ulm fertig war, ging ein kleiner Junge mit seinem Vater an den Skulpturen vorbei und sagte ganz stolz: „Schau Papa! Das hab’ ich gemacht.“ Der Vater lächelte, umarmte ihn und blickte ihn wohlwollend an.
Prävention von Cybermobbing in Schulen mit dem Programm Medienhelden
Authors: Scheithauer Herbert , Zagorscak Pavle , Schultze-Krumbholz Anja
Published: February 2019

Die vorliegende Überblicksarbeit erklärt das Phänomen Cybermobbing im Kindes- und Jugendalter und geht auf mögliche Folgen für die Betroffenen sowie auf Entstehungsbedingungen ein. Im Beitrag werden Möglichkeiten der systematischen Prävention im Kontext Schule mithilfe des wirksamkeitsevaluierten Programms Medienhelden aufgezeigt. In einem Überblick werden theoretische Hintergründe, Programmaufbau und -implementation sowie Ergebnisse aus der kontrollierten Wirksamkeitsstudie zusammenfassend dargestellt.
Neue CAD/CAM-Werkstoffe und ihre Befestigung: Plug-and-Play?
Authors: Schlenz Maximiliane , Schmidt Alexander , Rehmann Peter , Wöstmann Bernd
Published: February 2019

Das Ziel der vorliegenden Studie war es, die Befestigung von Seitenzahnkronen aus CAD/CAM-Komposit, Hybrid- und Lithiumdisilikatkeramik in 2 Aushärtungsmodi (Licht- und Dunkelhärtung) zu untersuchen. Hierfür wurde die Randdichtigkeit nach künstlicher Alterung im Kausimulator überprüft. Die Ergebnisse zeigten, dass für die Befestigung von CAD/CAM-Kompositen eine signifikant höhere Randdichtigkeit bei separater Lichthärtung des Adhäsivs und des Befestigungskomposits erzielt werden konnte.
Verzahnung stationär – ambulant
Authors: Dahm Johannes B. , Eggebrecht Holger
Published: February 2019

Trotz verschiedenster reformpolitischer Änderungen und Schaffung ausreichender rechtlicher Voraussetzungen konnte sich in Deutschland bisher keine sektorendurchlässige personale und durchgehend verzahnte Patientenversorgung mit sinnvoller ökonomischer Nutzung gemeinsamer Apparate und personeller Ressourcen etablieren. Zum funktionierenden und nachhaltigen Aufbau einer verzahnten Patientenversorgung gehört der Ausbau kooperativer, fachverbindender und interdisziplinärer Praxisstrukturen und Öffnung für neue Strukturen, auch unter Zugrundelegung des neuen Partnerschaftsgesellschaftsgesetzes sowie auf Krankenhausseite die Etablierung einer sektorenübergreifenden Patientenversorgung, bei dem freiberuflich tätige Ärzte aus dem ambulanten Sektor mit Ärzten aus dem Kliniksektor zusammen arbeiten und beide Seiten ambulant als auch stationär tätig sind.
Comparison between a rotatable sphincterotome and a conventional sphincterotome for selective bile duct cannulation
Authors: Kurita Akira , Kudo Yasushi , Yoshimura Kenichi , Takemura Tadamasa , Mori Yoshiharu , Azuma Shunjiro , Sono Makoto , Yamakawa Kohei , Watanabe Koutarou , Nishimura Satoshi , Yamashita Hiroki , Akiyama Shinsuke , Omatsu Mayuki , Yazumi Shujiro
Published: February 2019

Background Selective biliary cannulation (SBC) is the first challenge of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP), especially for trainees, and a rotatable sphincterotome may be useful to guide the directional axis of the scope and SBC.

Methods We performed a prospective randomized single-center trial, enrolling 200 patients with a native papilla who required therapeutic biliary ERCP. Patients were randomly assigned to the rotatable sphincterotome group (n = 100) or the conventional sphincterotome group (n = 100). The primary endpoint was successful SBC by the trainees within 10 minutes.

Results The early and late cannulation success rates did not differ significantly between the groups (P = 0.46 and P > 0.99, respectively). For the patients in whom trainees failed to achieve SBC, the rotatable sphincterotome was used as a rescue cannulation technique in four patients from the conventional group; in no patients in the rotatable group was the conventional sphincterotome used for SBC. Post-ERCP pancreatitis (PEP) occurred in 11 patients (5.5 %; 6 mild, 5 moderate); the incidence did not differ significantly between the two groups (rotatable group 3 %, conventional group 8 %; P = 0.21). The two groups were thus combined for evaluation of the factors relating to cannulation difficulty for trainees, which revealed that orientation of the papilla was a significant factor (P < 0.001).

Conclusions The type of sphincterotome used did not affect the success of SBC by trainees. However, orientation of the papilla was revealed to be a significant factor relating to cannulation difficulty for trainees overall.
Entwicklung eines Reha-Wikis für rehabilitationsbezogene Lehrmaterialien mit Zuordnung zu kompetenzbasierten Lernzielen
Authors: Schmidt Stefanie , Mau Wilfried
Published: February 2019

Ziele Für eine angemessene rehabilitative Versorgung ist die lernzielorientierte Vermittlung entsprechender Kompetenzen in der humanmedizinischen Lehre unverzichtbar. Dafür wurde in Ergänzung zum „Nationalen kompetenzbasierten Lernzielkatalog Medizin (NKLM)“ kürzlich ein kompetenzbasierter Lernzielkatalog für das Themenfeld Rehabilitation des Querschnittsbereichs „Rehabilitation, Physikalische Medizin, Naturheilverfahren“ (RPMN) vorgelegt. Diesen Lernzielen sollten vielfältige Lehrmaterialien verschiedener Medientypen zugeordnet und für Dozierende in einer kostenfreien Online-Datenbank leicht zugänglich gemacht werden. Sie sollte zusätzlich flexibel einsetzbare Lehr- und Lernmodule sowie Hinweise zur Didaktik beinhalten.

Methodik Lehrmaterialien von sechs Hochschulstandorten wurden den rehabilitationsbezogenen Lernzielbereichen des kompetenzbasierten Lernzielkatalogs für RPMN und des NKLM zugeordnet. Präsentationsfolien und textbasiertes Material wurden im PDF-Format integriert. Lehrfilme wurden auf der Videoplattform „YouTube“ in einem, nicht öffentlich zugänglichem, Kanal eingebettet. Dadurch konnten sie in der als MediaWiki angelegten Online-Datenbank verlinkt werden.

Ergebnisse Die inhaltliche Strukturierung dieses Reha-Wikis (www.rehawiki.uni-halle.de) erfolgte über 4 Themenportale: Das „Portal Lehr- und Lernziele“ enthält die kompetenzbasierten Lernziele und Stichworte der zu vermittelnden Inhalte sowie Verweise zu geeigneten didaktischen Methoden und verfügbaren Lehrmaterialien. Das „Portal Lehr- und Lernmethoden“ beinhaltet didaktische Methoden mit detaillierten Instruktionen. Im „Portal Lehrmaterialien“ sind die Lehrmaterialien nach Medientyp zusammengestellt und das Portal „Glossar“ enthält Definitionen und Links wesentlicher rehabilitationsmedizinischer Termini auf Basis des von der Deutschen Rentenversicherung Bund herausgegebenen „Sozialmedizinischen Glossars“. Bereits 6 Monate nach Fertigstellung und Kongressvorstellung der Plattform haben sich 53 interdisziplinäre Nutzer mit Lehraufträgen an deutschen Hochschulen registriert.

Schlussfolgerung Mit dem Reha-Wiki ist eine intuitiv bedienbare Online-Datenbank verfügbar. Sie beinhaltet Lehrmaterialien verschiedener Medientypen, die kompetenzbasierten Lernzielbereichen zugeordnet sind, und geeignete didaktische Methoden. Lehrende sollen damit bei der Gestaltung lernzielorientierter, didaktisch anspruchsvoller und attraktiver Lehrveranstaltungen zur Rehabilitation unterstützt werden. Die Anlage als MediaWiki ermöglicht die ständige Weiterentwicklung durch die Nutzergemeinschaft und einen langfristig geringen Betreuungsaufwand. Das Reha-Wiki bietet eine Ausgangsbasis auch für andere an der Rehabilitation beteiligte Berufsgruppen sowie für die Fort- und Weiterbildung.