bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Qu’est-ce donc que le cadre ?
Authors: Bleger Leopoldo
Published: March 2022

Depuis la fin des années quatre-vingt-dix, le cadre est devenu un thème de plus en plus présent dans le débat et dans la littérature psychanalytique. Auparavant, le mot en était absent ou utilisé par quelques psychanalystes comme un simple terme sans véritable conceptualisation. Le premier à en faire un concept a été D.W. Winnicott dans les années cinquante. Il faudra attendre la fin des années soixante pour que le concept soit traité en tant que tel. Ce fut le cas d’abord en Argentine par José Bleger et d’autres auteurs argentins. À partir des années soixante-dix, le concept commence à prendre une place de plus en plus importante en France, grâce surtout à Jean-Luc Donnet et André Green. Ce texte se limite aux premiers temps du surgissement du concept de cadre. Pourquoi la promotion de ce concept ? Pourquoi est-il devenu omniprésent dans les échanges entre analystes ? S’agit-il d’un approfondissement des problèmes de la cure psychanalytique, ou est-il au service de profonds changements de la technique ?
Élaboration groupale du contre-transfert au psychodrame psychanalytique individuel
Authors: Blanc Adrien , Boutinaud Jérôme
Published: March 2022

Un des vecteurs thérapeutiques du psychodrame individuel réside dans la rencontre de plusieurs cliniciens au sein d’une expérience clinique partagée en groupe avec un unique patient. Radicalement différente des expériences de la cure individuelle, cette configuration pourrait apparaître comme portant le germe d’une possible confusion de par notamment le nombre de co-thérapeutes présents. Toutefois, si l’on considère qu’une élaboration groupale puisse s’effectuer autour de la dynamique transféro-contre-transférentielle induite par le patient accueilli, cette « cacophonie » potentielle peut déboucher sur une élaboration psychique qui trouvera son expression la plus aboutie au cœur même du jeu. Ouvrant sur une réflexion articulée autant par rapport au vécu clinique expérimenté dans la séance qu’aux élaborations qui l’accompagnent en périphérie, cet article montre comment le groupe vient à métaboliser les éléments transférentiels qui s’y déploient, modelant par la suite l’engagement de ses participants faisant une place aux contenus non-représentés.élaboration groupale, contre-transfert groupal, contenus non symbolisés, symbolisation, processus thérapeutique, espace transitionnel.
Sur les épaules de Marty. Le principe évolutionniste
Authors: Blanquer-Laguarta Albert
Published: March 2022

Cet article est une recherche sur les bases évolutionnistes de l’œuvre de Pierre Marty. André Green l’a à juste titre questionné sur l’absence de références à l’origine de son œuvre. Pour Marty, l’évolutionnisme est un principe évident de sa vision de la psychosomatique transmis en premier par son père, Abel Marty. Après un rappel des théories de l’évolution, l’article passe en revue ses influences évolutionnistes, confirmées ou probables, et décrit comment sa pensée évolutionniste a progressé : sa thèse savante, sa prise de conscience des résistances face à ce principe, la description des chaînes évolutives, les fixations intra-utérines, l’élargissement des lois de l’inconscient grâce aux principes d’automation et programmation et son rapprochement du théoricien des sciences Henri Atlan. Dans son ouvrage de 1990, La psychosomatique de l’adulte, Marty signale les limites de ses découvertes au sujet du « choix » de pathologie et d’organe, objet d’une possible recherche évolutionniste.
Quelques figures littéraires de la migraine
Authors: Jaeger Philippe
Published: March 2022

Nous avons découvert que la migraine était présentée, dans l’après-coup de la création littéraire, d’une manière riche et précise par les auteurs étudiés tous migraineux, comme G. Sand, G. de Maupassant, T. Ben Jelloun, P. M. Moller, Boulgakov et P. Fleutiaux. Leur description, particulièrement évocatrice du contexte dans lequel survient la crise, suggère souvent l’irruption imprévue d’un facteur de l’environnement désorganisant momentanément la vie psychique, conséquence d’une mise en danger du narcissisme primaire du sujet, là où le sujet fait partie de l’environnement et l’environnement du sujet. Il en résulte parfois la survenue d’angoisses de forte intensité. Le mécanisme psychique de la répression, qui désarticule affect et représentation précède parfois la crise. La migraine, transformée et élaborée par l’acte de création littéraire, permet de surmonter la blessure narcissique infligée. Il en résulte une restauration de l’espace transitionnel de jeu et de symbolisation momentanément détruit, l’auteur parvenant à communiquer, grâce à l’écriture, avec un objet intérieur et extérieur (le lecteur) son expérience émotionnelle de la crise, jadis non traduite en langage verbal.
Brain Science-Based Innovative Collaborative Teaching to Facilitate Nursing Education
Authors: Lee Amy S. D. , Rebecca Owings Clara , Johnson Jessica M. , Carruth Melissa S.
Published: March 2022

Background:

Innovative teaching that effectively promotes learning is a process called brain science. Chemicals released during motivation and attention lead to improved learning, and chemicals released during high-stress situations deter learning. The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has created unprecedented stress while providing an opportunity to create innovative strategies for facilitated learning.

Method:

To meet the pandemic challenges of a traditional undergraduate nursing program at a large state-funded university, specialty course faculty collaborated to redesign the courses using brain science concepts.

Results:

Students demonstrated improved average course scores across courses compared with previous students (obstetrics, 2%; pediatrics, 4.34%; and critical care, 1.38%). Overall student feedback was positive.

Conclusion:

Brain science provides the foundation for advanced education that promotes optimal learning. The stress of the COVID-19 pandemic has created the opportunity for the implementation of an advanced educational model in which learning is facilitated and supported.

[
J Nurs Educ
. 2022;61(3):162–166.]
On a study of the representation of solutions of a $ \Psi $-Caputo fractional differential equations with a single delay
Authors: Aydin Mustafa , Mahmudov Nazim I. , Aktuğlu Hüseyin , Baytunç Erdem , Atamert Mehmet S.
Published: March 2022

We give a representation of solutions to linear nonhomogeneous $ \Psi $-fractional delayed differential equations with noncommutative matrices. We newly define $ \Psi $-delay perturbation of Mittag-Leffler type matrix function with two parameters and apply the method of variation of constants to obtain the representation of the solutions. We investigate the existence and uniqueness of solutions for a class of $ \Psi $-fractional delayed semilinear differential equations by using Banach Fixed Point Theorem. Further, we establish the Ulam-Hyers stability result for the analyzed problem. Finally, we provide some examples to illustrate the applicability of our results.
Numerical solution of stochastic and fractional competition model in Caputo derivative using Newton method
Authors: Huang Meihua ,   School of Marxism Studies (Department of Public Education), Nantong Open University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China, Sunthrayuth Pongsakorn , Pasha Amjad Ali , Khan Muhammad Altaf ,   Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Rajamangala University of Technology Thanyaburi (RMUTT), Thanyaburi, Pathumthani, 12110, Thailand,   Aerospace Engineering Department, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia,   Institute for Groundwater Studies, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of the Free State, South Africa
Published: March 2022

Many useful numerical algorithms of the numerical solution are proposed due to the increasing interest of the researchers in fractional calculus. A new discretization of the competition model for the real statistical data of banking finance for the years 2004–2014 is presented. We use a novel numerical method that is more reliable and accurate which is introduced recently for the solution of ordinary differential equations numerically. We apply this approach to solve our model for the case of Caputo derivative. We apply the Caputo derivative on the competition system and obtain its numerical results. For the numerical solution of the competition model, we use the Newton polynomial approach and present in detail a novel numerical procedure. We utilize the numerical procedure and present various numerical results in the form of graphics. A comparison of the present method versus the predictor corrector method is presented, which shows the same solution behavior to the Newton Polynomial approach. We also suggest that the real data versus model provide good fitting for both the data for the fractional-order parameter value $ \rho = 0.7 $. Some more values of $ \rho $ are used to obtain graphical results. We also check the model in the stochastic version and show the model behaves well when fitting to the data.
Conceptual knowledge in area measurement for primary school students: A systematic review
Authors: Idrus Hafiz , Rahim Suzieleez Syrene Abdul , Zulnaidi Hutkemri
Published: March 2022

Discussions about teaching area measurement in primary school have been ongoing over some decades. However, investigations that thoroughly examine the current research on conceptual understanding in area measuring in elementary schools are still lacking. The objective of this paper is to review whether conceptual knowledge in area measurement may support students to obtain better results in primary schools. This study is to gain insight into how conceptual knowledge in area measurement has been portrayed for primary school students, and reveal possible omissions and gaps in the synthesized literature on the subject. To gather information, two databases were used: Scopus and Web of Science. Primary searches pulled up many studies on the subject of investigation. After analyzing abstracts and eliminating duplicates, our systematic review indicates that there seems a direct link between conceptual understanding and area measurement in primary school mathematics. Hence, teaching children the principle of area measurement rather than a procedure for solving problems seems to be the most effective way of improving problem-solving skills and conceptual understanding for primary students.
Streamlining applications of integration by parts in teaching applied calculus
Authors: Guo William
Published: March 2022

Integration by parts can be applied in various ways for obtaining solutions for different types of integrations and hence it is taught in all calculus courses in the world. However, the coverage and discourse of various applications of integration by parts in most textbooks, often packed into one section, lack a cohesion of progression for solving different types of integrals. Students may be confused by such incohesive presentation of the method and applications in the textbooks. Based on the author's experiences and practices in teaching applied calculus for undergraduate engineering and education students since 2013, a streamlined approach in teaching integration by parts has been gradually developed to the current state and ready to be shared with the mathematics teaching and learning communities. This streamlined approach allows integration by parts to be applied to solve complicated and integrated problems in a progressive way so that students can improve efficacy in their use of integration by parts gradually. This approach also makes communications easier with students on particular problems involving integration by parts.
Long-Lasting Virus-Specific T Cell Response with Divergent Features in Self-Resolved and Chronic Hepatitis C Virus Patients 35 Years Postinfection
Authors: Ji Wei , Zhao Min , Zhou Jikun , Zheng Huanwei , Li Naizhe , Han Bihua , Yin Wenjiao , Bi Shengli , Gao George F , Zhang Yong , Liu William J
Published: March 2022

Although recognized as a curable disease, the persistence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) in chronically infected patients remains a great burden for public health. T cell immune responses serve a key role in anti-HCV infection; however, the features of T cell immunity in patients after a long-term infection are not well explored. We recruited a special cohort of patients with similar genetic background and natural developing progression of disease who were infected with HCV through blood donation 35 y ago. We found that self-resolved individuals had higher levels of cytokine-secreting T cells than individuals with chronic infections, indicating HCV-specific T cell immunity could be sustained for >35 y. Meanwhile, virus-specific CD8+ T cells in chronic patients were characterized by programmed cell death-1high, TIM-3high expression, which was related to liver injury characterized by aspartate transaminase/alanine aminotransferase levels and morphopathological changes. Unexpectedly, the expression of Lymphocyte-activation gene 3 on CD8+ T cells was lower in chronic patients and negatively correlated with alanine aminotransferase/aspartate transaminase. Our findings provided new insights into HCV-specific T cell responses and may shed light on a way to figure out novel effector targets and explore a way to reverse chronic infections.
Athletic Training Residency Program Development and Assessment of Advanced Clinical Reasoning
Authors: Hofmann Dyllan Wayne , Welch Bacon Cailee E. , Rivera Matthew J. , Eberman Lindsey E.
Published: March 2022

Context

Clinical reasoning is an inferential process of collecting and evaluating data in patient cases, necessary in all care. Athletic training residency programs are emerging rapidly as the industry standard for developing clinical specialists who possess advanced clinical reasoning needed for complex cases.

Objective

The purpose of this study was to explore current practices of advanced clinical reasoning development and assessment in athletic training residency programs.

Design

Inductive qualitative research.

Setting

Web-based teleconferencing platform (Zoom Video Communications).

Patients or Other Participants

Seven of 10 Commission on Accreditation of Athletic Training Education–accredited residency program directors (RPDs) (age = 46 ± 9 years, years as RPD = 5 ± 6).

Data Collection and Analysis

We used qualitative, semistructured interviews. Audio files were transcribed verbatim, checked for accuracy, deidentified, and member checked before analysis. We used a 2-person data analysis team and an inductive coding approach. The researchers reviewed the transcripts independently, met to develop a codebook, applied the codes, and conducted internal auditing. Trustworthiness was established through member checking, multiple-analyst coding, and auditing.

Results

Three themes emerged from the RPDs about developing advanced clinical reasoning: (1) defining clinical reasoning, (2) instructional tactics, and (3) assessment tactics. RPDs defined clinical reasoning as the process of the resident justifying their decision-making and the accuracy of their decisions. RPDs described both clinical and didactic instructional tactics, including mentoring, lectures and discussions, case presentations, and journal club. RPDs described assessing advanced clinical reasoning through patient and preceptor feedback in structured and unstructured formats, self-reflection, and knowledge testing to measure clinical reasoning. RPDs highly relied on preceptors and clinical mentoring, but also described a singular reliance on residents to appraise the clinical reasoning capacity of their own preceptors.

Conclusions

RPDs define clinical reasoning as rationalization and accuracy of decisions. Although the programs are engaged in effective clinical and didactic approaches to teach advanced clinical reasoning, they rely heavily on the subjectivity of preceptors and residents to assess these outcomes.
Lentinula edodes extract inhibits matrix metalloproteinase expression and increases type I procollagen expression via the p38 MAPK/c-Fos signaling pathway in ultraviolet A and B-irradiated HaCaT keratinocytes
Authors: Lee Jung Im , Oh Jung Hwan , Karadeniz Fatih , Park So Young , Kim Hye Ran , Jo Hyun Jin , Jung Kyung Im , Jeon Byung-Jin , Kong Chang-Suk
Published: March 2022

Objective:

To determine the effect of Lentinula edodes extract on ultraviolet (UV) A and UVB-induced changes in matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) and type I procollagen expression using human immortalized HaCaT keratinocytes.

Methods:

Lentinula edodes ethanol extract (LEE) was obtained by extraction with 80% ethanol for 4 h at 80 °C. Effect of LEE on UV-induced alteration on the expression and production of MMPs and type I procollagen in keratinocytes was investigated using ELISA, RT-PCR, and Western blotting assay. To determine the underlying mechanism of LEE-mediated effects, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and activator protein 1 signaling pathways were analysed by Western blotting assay.

Results:

LEE significantly inhibited the expression of MMP-1 and MMP-9 and increased the expression of type I procollagen in UVA and UVB-irradiated HaCaT keratinocytes. The phosphorylation levels of p38 were significantly inhibited by LEE whereas it did not affect c-Jun N-terminal kinase and extracellular signal-regulated kinase phosphorylation. Suppression of p38 phosphorylation was also accompanied by downregulation of UVA and UVB-induced increase in c-Fos.

Conclusions:

LEE effectively inhibits the expression of MMP-1 and MMP-9 and increases type I procollagen production through the p38 MAPK/c-Fos signaling pathway in UVA and UVB-irradiated HaCaT keratinocytes. This findings suggest that Lentinula edodes may be developed as a cosmetic material to suppress UV exposuremediated skin aging.
Immunostimulatory effect of ethanol extract of Chondracanthus tenellus in RAW 264.7 macrophages in vitro
Authors: Park Cheol , Kwon Da Hye , Lee Hyesook , Hong Su Hyun , Kim Gi-Young , Cha Hee-Jae , Kim Do-Hyung , Kim Suhkmann , Kim Heui-Soo , Hwang Hye-Jin , Choi Yung Hyun
Published: March 2022

Objective:

To investigate whether ethanol extracts of Chondracanthus tenellus (EECT) could improve immunomodulatory property of murine monocyte/macrophage RAW 264.7 cells.

Methods:

Cell viability, phagocytic ability, and nitric oxide were measured. The levels of prostaglandin E2 and cytokines were determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits. Expression of immunoregulatory response protein was detected by Western blotting assay.

Results:

As the concentration of EECT increased, the morphology of the cells changed to a typical active macrophage shape, and the phagocytic activity increased significantly. EECT also effectively enhanced the production and secretion of immunomodulatory mediators, such as nitric oxide and prostaglandin E2, and cytokines. In addition, compared with the control group, EECT markedly stimulated the expression of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and myeloid differentiation factor 88, one of the TLR4 adapter molecules. Furthermore, EECT promoted the nucleus translocation of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) by increasing the phosphorylation and degradation of the inhibitor of NF-κB-α, indicating activation of the NF-κB signaling pathway. Meanwhile, similar trends were found in cells treated with lipopolysaccharide as a positive control.

Conclusions:

Taken together, the results indicate that EECT has an immunomodulatory effect by increasing the production of immunomodulatory mediators and cytokines through activation of the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway. EECT could be used as a potential candidate for medication or dietary supplements to increase immune activity.
Total flavonoids from Saussurea involucrata attenuate inflammation in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages via modulating p65, c-Jun, and IRF3 signaling pathways
Authors: Yan Li-Shan , Wang Li , Cheng Brian Chi-Yan , Ding Yu , Kong Jing , Wang Qing Gao , Fu Xiu-Qiong , Zhang Shuo-Feng , Luo Gan , Zhang Yi
Published: March 2022

Objective:

To investigate the anti-inflammatory effects of the total flavonoids from Saussurea involucrata on lipopolysaccharides (LPS)-stimulated murine RAW264.7 macrophages and explore its underlying mechanism of action.

Methods:

Total flavonoids from Saussurea involucrata were extracted using chromatographic column method. Cell viability was determined by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide assay. The production of nitric oxide was detected by Griess assay and the release of cytokines (IL-10 and TNF-α) and chemokines (MCP-1, MIP-1a, and CCL5/RANTES) was determined by ELISA to evaluate the anti-inflammatory activity of total flavonoids from Saussurea involucrata. Moreover, nuclear translocation of p65, c-Jun, and IRF3 was detected by immunofluorescence microscopy and Western blotting analysis was performed to determine the expression of related proteins.

Results:

Total flavonoids extracted from Saussurea involucrata were 751.5 mg/g and the content of rutin was 506.5 mg/g. The production of inflammatory mediators including nitric oxide, cytokines, and chemokines was effectively inhibited by total flavonoids from Saussurea involucrata. Meanwhile, total flavonoids also suppressed the nuclear translocation of p65, c-Jun, and IRF3 in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. The LPS-induced expression of iNOS and COX-2 was remarkably reduced by treatment with total flavonoids from Saussurea involucrata. Moreover, total flavonoids decreased the expression levels of p-IKKa/β, p-TBK1, p-p38, p-ERK, p-JNK, p-p65, p-c-Jun, and p-IRF3 in LPS-exposed RAW264.7 macrophages.

Conclusions:

Total flavonoids from Saussurea involucrata potentially inhibit the secretion of pro-inflammatory mediators, which may be related to inhibition of p65, c-Jun, and IRF3 signaling pathways in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells.
Ethanol extract of Chondracanthus tenellus (Harvey) Hommersand attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory and oxidative response by blocking the NF-κB, MAPKs, and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways
Authors: Kwon Da Hye , Park Cheol , Lee Hyesook , Hong Su Hyun , Kim Gi-Young , Cha Hee-Jae , Kim Suhkmann , Kim Heui-Soo , Hwang Hye-Jin , Choi Yung Hyun
Published: March 2022

Objective:

To investigate whether the ethanol extract of Chondracanthus tenellus (Harvey) Hommersand, a type of red algae, could exhibit anti-inflammatory potential in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated macrophages.

Methods:

The ethanol extract of Chondracanthus tenellus was applied to 100 ng/mL LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells, and cell viability, phagocytic ability, levels of pro-inflammatory factors, and the production of reactive oxygen species were measured. To identify the underlying mechanism of the ethanol extract of Chondracanthus tenellus, the expression of inflammation-regulated genes was estimated.

Results:

The ethanol extract of Chondracanthus tenellus had no cytotoxic effect at concentrations below 300 μg/mL, and reduced the LPS-induced production of inflammatory mediators including nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E2. Furthermore, the extract markedly suppressed the expression of inducible NO synthase and cyclooxygenase-2, as well as the production of reactive oxygen species. The LPS-induced up-regulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines was attenuated by treatment with the ethanol extract of Chondracanthus tenellus, reducing their extracellular secretion. The Chondracanthus tenellus extract also inhibited LPS-mediated activation of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB). In addition, the phosphorylation of mitogen activated protein kinases (MAPKs) and phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI3K)/Akt was markedly increased by LPS, which was significantly abolished by the Chondracanthus tenellus extract.

Conclusions:

Our findings indicate that the ethanol extract of Chondracanthus tenellus exhibited potential anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects through downregulating the NF-κB, MAPKs, and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways in LPS stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages.
Phytochemicals, pharmacological and ethnomedicinal studies of Artocarpus
Authors: Lathiff Siti Mariam A , Arriffin Norzafneza M , Jamil Shajarahtunnur
Published: March 2022

This article aims to review the scientific data on phytochemical and pharmacological studies of Artocarpus collected from Malaysia as well as to highlight their usage as ethnomedicine worldwide. About 55 Artocarpus species are distributed worldwide and 32 of the Artocarpus species can be found in Malaysia. Artocarpus species are well known worldwide for their edible fruits such as Artocarpus heterophyllus (jackfruit), Artocarpus integer (chempedak), and Artocarpus communis (breadfruit). Aside from its edible fruits, the timber is valued for light constructions, crates, large canoes, and boats. The literature for this review was searched using the term ‘Artocarpus’, ‘Artocarpus Malaysia’, ‘Artocarpus extracts’, ‘Artocarpus traditional medicine’ and ‘Artocarpus ethnomedicine’ from published books and scientific journals via various engines such as The Web of Science, PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus, Research Gate, and Google Scholar. The references cited from the retrieved articles were also scanned and cross-checked. All published studies on phytochemical and pharmacological activities of Malaysia's Artocarpus species up to January 2021 were included in this review. Articles on phytochemical studies of Malaysia's Artocarpus revealed the isolation of flavonoids as the major constituents. Research on pharmacological activities of the isolated phytochemicals showed that these compounds exhibited significant disease-linked-enzyme (tyrosinase, cholinesterase, glucosidase) inhibitors as well as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and cytotoxic activities. The ethnomedicinal data gathered are useful to understand and prioritize Artocarpus species that can contribute to potent phytochemicals and possibly new drug leads. This review also provides valuable information for the future development of isolated compounds from Artocarpus species.
Crotalaria ferruginea extract attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury in mice by inhibiting MAPK/NF-κB signaling pathways
Authors: Pan Wei , Meng Li-Ping , Su Jie , Yang Zheng-Biao , Du Wei-Feng , Xu Zhi-Wei , Chen Yun-Xiang , Zhang Sheng , Xie Feng , Xu Cong , Yang Hong-Zhong , Ge Wei-Hong
Published: March 2022

Objective:

To evaluate the anti-inflammatory activity of Crotalaria ferruginea extract (CFE) and its mechanism.

Methods:

An intratracheal lipopolysaccharide (LPS) instillation-induced acute lung injury (ALI) model was used to study the anti-inflammatory activity of CFE in vivo. The LPS-induced shock model was used to analyze the effect of CFE on survival. LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cell model was used to investigate the anti-inflammatory activity of CFE in vitro and the effects on mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) or nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling pathways.

Results:

CFE administration decreased the number of inflammatory cells, reduced the levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-a), monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and interferon-γ, and diminished protein content in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of mice. CFE also reduced lung wet-to-dry weight ratio, myeloperoxidase, and lung tissue pathological injury. CFE pre-administration improved the survival rate of mice challenged with a lethal dose of LPS. CFE reduced LPS-activated RAW264.7 cells to produce nitric oxide, TNF-α, MCP-1, and IL-6. Furthermore, CFE inhibited nuclear translocation and phosphorylation of NF-κB P65, extracellular signal-regulated kinase, c-Jun N-terminal kinases, and P38 MAPKs.

Conclusions:

CFE exhibits potent anti-inflammatory activity in LPS-induced ALI mice, LPS-shock mice, and RAW264.7 cells, and its mechanism may be associated with the inhibition of NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways. Crotalaria ferruginea may be a useful therapeutic drug for the treatment of ALI and other respiratory inflammations.
Chrysanthemum indicum ethanol extract attenuates hepatic stellate cell activation in vitro and thioacetamide-induced hepatofibrosis in rats
Authors: Chae Yun-Jin , Koppula Sushruta , Kim Myong-Ki , Yoon Tony , Song MinDong
Published: March 2022

Objective:

To investigate the antifibrotic effects of Chrysanthemum indicum ethanol extract (CIEE) against activated hepatic stellate cells (HSC) and thioacetamide (TAA)-induced hepatofibrosis in rats.

Methods:

Cell viability and proliferation of HSC-T6 cells were measured using MTT assay. Primary HSCs were used to study morphology. TAA (200 mg/kg) was used to induced hepatic fibrosis in rats. CIEE (100 and 500 mg/kg) and silymarin (50 mg/kg) were administered orally. Liver functions including alanine transaminase, aspartate transaminase, glutathione, and hydroxyproline levels were measured using commercial kits. Liver sections and fibrotic biomarker expression were measured using hematoxylin and eosin staining and real-time polymerase chain reaction.

Results:

In vitro study revealed that CIEE (0.1, 0.25, and 0.5 mg/mL) inhibited the proliferation of activated HSCs exposed to transforming growth factor (TGF)-β and restored the activated primary HSC morphology. In in vivo studies, TAA-induced increase in liver/body weight ratio (5.46 ± 0.26) was significantly reduced (4.13 ± 0.22) by CIEE (P<0.05 at 500 mg/kg). CIEE (100 and 500 mg/kg) improved the liver functions by significantly attenuating changes in alanine transaminase, aspartate transaminase, glutathione, and hydroxyproline levels (P<0.05). Further, CIEE (100 and 500 mg/kg) ameliorated the histological changes in liver tissue and TGF-β expression significantly (P<0.05) in TAA-induced rats.

Conclusions:

CIEE significantly protects against TAA-induced liver damage in rats and can be used in the treatment of liver fibrosis.
Nanoemulsion containing a synergistic combination of curcumin and quercetin for nose-to-brain delivery
Authors: Mahajan Hitendra S , Patil Nayana D
Published: March 2022

Objective:

To characterize a nanoemulsion containing a synergistic combination of curcumin (CUR) and quercetin (QUE) for brain targeting through the nose.

Methods:

The synergistic activity of the combination of two phytoconstituents, curcumin and quercetin (CUR-QUE) was determined at a 2:1 ratio. Nanoemulsions containing the synergistic combination were prepared using high-pressure homogenization technique. Nanoemulsion formulation was characterized for globule size, drug content, thermodynamic stability, zeta potential measurement, and drug release. Histological studies were performed using isolated nasal mucosa of sheep. Moreover, in vivo studies using allograft model were performed.

Results:

CUR-QUE in a 2:1 ratio combination showed the lowest combination index values 0.99 (combination index<1) for treatment of human glioblastoma U373-MG cell. The combination inhibited the growth of human glioblastoma U373MG cells. The significant drug targeting efficiency percentage (178.25±2.86 for CUR and 170.54±6.11 for QUE) and nose to brain drug direct transport percentage (44.05±0.93 for CUR and 38.25±0.83 for QUE) of optimized nanoemulsion (F9) indicated effective central nervous system targeting via the intranasal route. In vivo anticancer study using allograft model of nude mice demonstrated potential anticancer activity of the synergistic combination of CUR-QUE as compared to doxorubicin.

Conclusions:

This study demonstrates that synergistic combination of CUR-QUE was optimal for treatment of human glioblastoma. Moreover, significant site-specific delivery to the brain was achieved by administering nanoemulsion through the nose. The study also reveals that intranasal delivery of nanoemulsion containing synergistic combination of CUR and QUE could be a promising strategy for brain tumor treatment.
Assessment of Nutritional Status of Community-Dwelling Older Adults in Rural North India using Mini Nutritional Assessment-Short Form
Authors: Sahni Bhavna , Mir Lubna , Langeh Sahil , Kalotra Anuradha , Bala Kiran
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACT

Objective:

The challenges of geriatric populace are plentiful and vexing, malnutrition being a critical issue. We studied the burden of malnutrition and determined its association with socio-demographic factors, depression, and other health variables.

Methods:

A cross-sectional study was conducted among 162 community-dwelling older adults to screen for malnutrition using mini nutritional assessment short-form (MNA-SF). Pearson’s Chi-square test, one-way analysis of variance, correlation, and Multinominal logistic regression were used for data analysis.

Results:

Four-point nine percent older adults were malnourished and 42.6% were at risk of malnutrition. Malnutrition was higher in 60–69 years of age group (5.95%) and females (6.9%), while risk of malnutrition was high among >80 years (59.1%) and widowed (66.7%). Weight loss, decrease in food intake, dementia, stress, decreased mobility, and depression were significantly associated with malnutrition. Geriatric Depression and MNA-SF scores showed a significant negative correlation (r = −0.434). Comparison of means of MNA-SF and geriatric depression scale scores among well-nourished, at risk, and malnourished subjects showed significant difference (P < 0.001). Multinominal regression revealed that it is highly likely (P < 0.01) that the subjects were malnourished if they had body mass index <19 kg/m2, reported weight loss >3 kg or suffered from acute disease or stress in the past 3 months while the likelihood of being “at risk” increased significantly only if subjects had acute disease or stress in preceding 3 months.

Conclusions:

Screening with MNA-SF can help identify at low cost a sizable proportion of elderly who are malnourished and “at risk.” Timely intervention can be instrumental in preventing the progression of infirmity and reducing its catastrophic consequences.
A Rare Case of Central Retinal Artery Occlusion Following Snakebite Leading to Vision Loss
Authors: Panigrahi Pradeep Kumar
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACT

A 19-year-old female presented with loss of vision in the left eye of 2-month duration. There was a history of bite by Russell’s viper 2 months back. Best-corrected visual acuity in the left eye was light perception positive. Clinical examination and imaging studies lead to the diagnosis of resolved central retinal artery occlusion with consecutive optic atrophy in the left eye. Poor visual prognosis was explained to the patient, and she was asked to follow-up at regular intervals.
An Event-B Approach to the Development of Fork/Join Parallel Programs
Authors: Peng Jie , Wen Tangliu , Yang Yiguo , Huang Guoming
Published: March 2022

Fork/Join is a simple but effective technique for exploiting the parallelism. When developing a parallel program using Fork/Join, one of the main things is how a large task is decomposed into subtasks whose results can be combined as a final result. In this paper we show how to develop Fork/Join parallel programs through refinement and decomposition. We take Fork/Join style task decomposition as a refinement which we call Fork/Join refinement. Proof obligations of refinement can ensure the correctness of decomposition. For practical application, we provide a refinement pattern for the Fork/Join refinement and extend an atomicity decomposition diagram to illustrate it. Our approach provides a good framework for modeling Fork/Join parallel programs and showing proof obligations of correctness for such programs. We illustrate the approach by applying it on a small case.
Feedback Control Systems Stabilization Using a Bio-inspired Neural Network
Authors: Mourtas Spyridon , Katsikis Vasilios , Kasimis Chrysostomos
Published: March 2022

The proportional–integral–derivative (PID) control systems, which have become a standard for technical and industrial applications, are the fundamental building blocks of classical and modern control systems. In this paper, a three-layer feed-forward neural network (NN) model trained to replicate the behavior of a PID controller is employed to stabilize control systems through a NN feedback controller. A novel bio-inspired weights-and-structure-determination (BIWASD) algorithm, which incorporates a metaheuristic optimization algorithm dubbed beetle antennae search (BAS), is used to train the NN model. More presicely, the BIWASD algorithm identifies the ideal weights and structure of the BIWASD-based NN (BIWASDNN) model utilizing a power sigmoid activation function while handling model fitting and validation. The results of three simulated trials on stabilizing feedback control systems validate and demonstrate the BIWASDNN model’s exceptional learning and prediction capabilities, while achieving similar or better performance than the corresponding PID controller. The BIWASDNN model is compared to three other high-performing NN models, and a MATLAB repository is accessible in public through GitHub to encourage and enhance this work.
An Enhanced GRU Model With Application to Manipulator Trajectory Tracking
Authors: Chen Zuyan , Walters Jared , Xiao Gang , Li Shuai
Published: March 2022

Service robots, e.g. massage robots, have attracted more and more attention in recent years and the most popular study within this field is trajectory tracking. Due to the actual demand for service robots, the solution of trajectory tracking requires fast convergence and high accuracy. In order to solve the above issues, this paper proposed an enhanced Gated recurrent unit (GRU) to deal with trajectory tracking tasks of robot manipulators. The main feature of enhanced GRU is utilizing cell states as well as various gate units to build a novel neural cell. Besides, the presented enhanced GRU resolves the problem of the general neural network model and large memory occupancy. Then the derivations about the computational process of cell state and mixed hidden state of the proposed model have been illustrated. Finally, three trajectory tracking applications, comparison, and visual simulation have verified feasibility as well as the superiority of the enhanced GRU model.
Integers that are sums of two rational sixth powers
Authors: Newton Alexis , Rouse Jeremy
Published: March 2022

We prove that
$164\, 634\, 913$
is the smallest positive integer that is a sum of two rational sixth powers, but not a sum of two integer sixth powers. If
$C_{k}$
is the curve
$x^{6} + y^{6} = k$
, we use the existence of morphisms from
$C_{k}$
to elliptic curves, together with the Mordell–Weil sieve, to rule out the existence of rational points on
$C_{k}$
for various k.
Functional Annotation and Characterization of a Hypothetical Protein from Pseudoalteromonas spp. Identify Potential Biomarker: An In-silico Approach
Authors: Islam Sk Injamamaul , Mou Moslema Jahan , Sanjida Saloa , Mahfuj Sarower
Published: March 2022

A wide variety of Pseudoalteromonas spp. found in Kappaphycus alvarezii (marine seaweed) causing deadliest Ice-ice disease and in Laminaria japonica (brown seaweed) found to cause red spots disease. However, very little is known about this pathogen and its genome characteristics. Furthermore, several proteins in its genome are classified as hypothetical proteins (HPs). As a result, the current work sought to elucidate the roles of an HP found in the genome of Pseudoalteromonas spp. To determine the structure and function of this protein, many bioinformatics methods were used. The active site and interacting proteins were examined using CASTp and the STRING server. An important biological activity of the HP is that it contains single functional domains that may be responsible for exopolysaccharide biosynthesis and can be a potential biomarker. Further, protein-protein interactions within selected HP revealed several functional partners that are essential for bacterial survival. In addition, molecular docking and simulation results showed stable bonding between HP and HSP90. Finally, the current work shows that the annotated HP is associated with possible protein sorting signals in the environment as well as having a stable binding with the HSP90, which might be of significant relevance to future bacterial genetics research.
Alterations of Cystatin c, Gelsolin, Hepcidin and Sphingosine 1 phosphate in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) with naturally infected Ichthyophthirius multifiliis in Urmia: Determination of Possible Potential Diagnostic Biomarker
Authors: Azimzadeh Kaveh , Mohammadisefat Parisa
Published: March 2022

Ichthyophthiriasis (white spot disease) is known as one of the most commonly parasites found in overcrowded pools. Cystatin c is known to be the most valuable serum biomarker in determining renal function. Gelsolin is known as an actin-binding protein that eliminates and minimizes blood actin. Regulatory role of hepcidin in iron metabolism and reducing the amount of iron available to microbes plays its antimicrobial role and sphingosine 1 phosphate is able to increase and stimulate antimicrobial activity in host cells. This study was conducted in the summer of 2012 in Urmia, where a number of rainbow trout were collected from eight crowded aquaculture farms. Blood samples were taken from the tail vein of all fish and poured into tubes containing EDTA and significance of the analyzes was set at the level (P<0.01). According to the results, cystatin c, hepcidin and sphingosine 1 phosphate in infected fish were significantly increased compared to healthy fish, while the gelsolin level was significantly reduced. In conclusion, based on ROC statistical analysis, `hepcidin` has high sensitivity (88.6%) than other ones and it means that, hepcidin may utilize as `Possible Potential Diagnostic Biomarker` in rainbow trout Ichthyophthiriasis.
Age, Growth and Reproductive Biology of the Garfish, Belone belone (Linnaeus, 1760) (Teleostei: Belonidae) in the Central Mediterranean Sea
Authors: Chaari Manel , Boudaya Lobna , Gancitano Salvatore , Gancitano Vita , Neifar Lassad
Published: March 2022

Some aspects of the biology of the garfish Belone belone, were studied based on 453 specimens collected from the central Mediterranean (Tunisia). Total lengths ranged from 24.2 to 55 cm for females and from 25.8 to 52.5 cm for males, respectively. An overall sex ratio of 2.36 ÷ 1 shows significant dominance of females in all size classes and seasons. Age data from otoliths reading revealed that females belonged to age groups from 1 to 4 years and males from 1 to 5 years. Most of the individuals were of age group 2. Length weight relationships and von Bertalanffy growth functions parameters were: W = 0.0003 L 3.419, L∞ = 48.48 cm, k = 0.57 year -1 and to = -1 year for females and W = 0.0002 L 3.530, L∞ = 44.7 cm, k = 0.67 year-1 and to = -1 year for males. Gonadosomatic index pattern indicated that spawning occurs once a year between March and May and extends to June with peak activity in March for both sexes. The length at the first maturity was estimated at a total length of 37.26±0.10 cm for females and 37.17±0.40 cm for males.
Cross-Sectional Assessment of the Association of Eosinophilia with Intestinal Parasitic Infection in U.S.-Bound Refugees in Thailand: Prevalent, Age Dependent, but of Limited Clinical Utility
Authors: Webster Jessica L. , Stauffer William M. , Mitchell Tarissa , Lee Deborah , O’Connell Elise M. , Weinberg Michelle , Nutman Thomas B. , Sakulrak Potsawin , Tongsukh Dilok , Phares Christina R.
Published: March 2022

The most common causes of eosinophilia globally are helminth parasites. Refugees from high endemic areas are at increased risk of infection compared with the general U.S. population. It is widely accepted that eosinophilia is a good marker for helminth infection in this population, yet its absence has little predictive value for excluding infection. During an enhanced premigration health program, the CDC offered voluntary testing and management of intestinal parasites, among other conditions, to U.S.-bound refugees in Thailand. Stool specimens were tested for Ascaris lumbricoides, Strongyloides stercoralis, Trichuris trichiura, hookworms, Giardia lamblia, Cryptosporidium spp., and Entamoeba histolytica using quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Complete blood counts were performed to identify eosinophilia. Predictive values of eosinophilia for parasitic infections were calculated within nematode groups. Between July 9, 2012 and November 29, 2013, 2,004 participants were enrolled. About 73% were infected with at least one parasite. The overall median eosinophil count was 483 cells/μL (interquartile range [IQR] = 235–876 cells/μL). Compared with participants who did not test positive for any infection, higher eosinophil counts were observed in those infected with A. lumbricoides (RR = 1.3, 95% CI = 1.1–1.4), S. stercoralis (RR = 1.8, 95% CI = 1.4–2.4), Necator americanus (RR = 1.2, 95% CI = 1.1–1.4), and Ancylostoma ceylanicum (RR = 1.8, 95% CI = 1.5–2.2). Eosinophil counts were higher in younger participants (2–4 years versus 65+ years: RR = 4.2, 95% CI = 2.5–6.9), and lower in female participants (RR = 0.9, 95% CI = 0.8–0.9). Sensitivities ranged from 51% to 73%, specificities from 48% to 65%, and predictive values from 4% to 98%. The predictive value of eosinophilia is poor for the most common parasitic infections, and it should not be used alone for screening refugees.
Study of foundations in Ukraine from the eleventh to eighteenth centuries and their preservation and conservation methods: Experiences
Authors: Orlenko Mykola , Ivashko Yulia , Kobylarczyk Justyna , Kuśnierz-Krupa Dominika
Published: March 2022

This paper is a report on experience collected during archaeological studies of structures in the territory of Ukraine. It discusses the archaeological study of architectural monuments over the period of the operation of the Ukrrestavratsiia Corporation and presents the observation that most known varieties of masonry systems, featuring different combinations of materials and mortars, were observed in findings dated to the period of the Kyivan Rus, and that the list of foundation schemes present was limited to a few types. It was also found that of the schemes observed, the Old Russian scheme displayed an evolution. The study also highlights the significance of the role of foundation musealisation in the restoration and reconstruction of damaged architectural monuments.
Workers in an ethnographic archive: On the strategies of (re-)constructing the past
Authors: Karpińska Grażyna Ewa
Published: March 2022

The article describes a collection of 9,000 photographs with captions – entries to a worker-oriented photographic contest – and the paths by which they came from private albums through the contest and museum exhibitions, until they found a place in the ethnographic archive of the Łódź University and in a digital repository. Having left household archives, they became a part of a public heritage rooted in, and dependent on, various historical contexts. Each procedure in some way determined the fortunes of the collection and constituted a choice that imparted a certain shape and meaning to the photographs.
PELATIHAN “ENGLISH FOR GUIDING” BAGI PEMANDU WISATA LOKAL KABUPATEN PURWOREJO
Authors: Pratika Ayuningtyas
Published: March 2022

Adanya pembangunan desa wisata di sejumlah desa di Kabupaten Purworejo meningkatkan jumlah wisatawan yang berkunjung. Pengelolaan desa wisata diserahkan kepada pengelola yaitu kelompok atau Lembaga yang bertanggung jawab dalam segala sesuatunya tentang desa wisata. Salah satu bagian dari pengelola adalah pemandu wisata. Dengan banyaknya wisatawan mancanegara yang dating di desa wisata yang ada di kabupaten Purworejo, dibutuhkan pemandu wisata yang mahir berbahasa Inggris. Berangkat dari permasalahan ini, maka Pelatihan English for Guiding dilaksanakan. Pesertaa dari pelatihan ini yaitu para pemandu wisata (tour guide) yang ada di Kabupaten Purworejo. Setelah menjalani pelatihan selama dua hari, para peserta merasakan langsung dampaknya. Antara lain: meningkatnya kemampuan bahasa Inggris yang berfokus pada language expression, bermanfaatnya materi handout yang diberikan pada saat pelatihan dan tepatnya Teknik yang digunakan dalam penyampaian materi pelatihan