bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Determination of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBS) using gas chromatography electron capture detector in dust from schools in Okitipupa, Ondo State, Nigeria
Authors: Faraday Ediagbonya Thomson , Ifeanyi Uche Joseph , Rofiat Afolabi Folakemi
Published: October 2024

The presence of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in dust, and subsequent exposure to humans via unintentional ingestion, inhalation, or skin contact, has serious health repercussions due to their toxicity profiles. There is a lack of knowledge concerning the concentration of PCBs in the dust/atmosphere. The quantities of seven (7) polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in outdoor dust were measured at five different locations across southern Ondo State, Nigeria. The study's purpose was to provide data on the distribution of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in air dusts and to assess the influence of metrological parameters on PCB dust concentration. The PCB content was evaluated with a gas chromatography-electron capture detector (GC-ECD). PCB values varied from 1.51–32.52 µg/kg. Six (6) PCBs were below the detection limit in five separate sites. The total content of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in air dust displayed a negative (-0.614) and strong connection with wind speed, a positive (0.023) and bad correlation with temperature, and a positive (0.485) but poor association with relative humidity. In conclusion, the level of atmospheric PCBS has no significant effect on meteorological parameters. The EPA's health-based screening standard for total PCBs is 0.22 μg g¹, which aim to prevent deleterious effects from long-term exposure.
Assessment of the effect of browse plants’ feed formulation on Goat (Capra aegagrus hircus) rumen microbial activities and in vitro gas production
Authors: Ntagbu F.G. , Aborisade W.T. , Awe S.
Published: October 2024

This study assessed the effect of browse Plants feed formulation on Goat (Capra aegagrus hircus) rumen microbial activities and in vitro gas production in Red Sokoto goat (Capra aegagrus hircus) over a period of fourteen (14) weeks. Four selected browse plants- Afzelia africana (TAa) Detarium microcarpum (TDm), Daniellia oliveri (TDo) and Khaya senegalensis (TKs) -were used to formulate diets for animal feeding. Three groups of growing Indigenous Red Sokoto goats were assigned to each of the browse plant diets (BPD), while the control group was placed on a basal diet only. Rumen fluids were collected from the goats intermittently for three (3) consecutive periods, and analyzed for pH, methylene blue-reduction time (MBRT), nitrate reduction, cellulose digestion, glucose fermentation and sedimentation activity rate. The results showed that browse plant feed formulation did not have a significant (p > 0.05) effect on the pH value of the rumen contents. Significant (p < 0.05) reductions in MBRT, nitrate reduction, and glucose fermentation were observed in all treatments except the control diets. However, the period for cellulose digestion significantly increased in all the browse plant-supplemented diet treatments. Furthermore, the volume of gas produced was significantly reduced by 64% (TAa), 62% (TDm), 71% (TDo), and 74% (TKs) in goats fed with browse plants as dietary supplements compared to 7% in the control (Tc). Overall, this study demonstrated that browse plant feed has the potential to significantly reduce the volume of methane produced and released by ruminant animals into the environment.
In Vivo antiplasmodial and schizont inhibition activity of methanol stem bark extract of Ficus vallis-choude
Authors: Doma Abdullahi Ibrahim , Yaro Abdullahi Hamza
Published: October 2024

Ficus vallis-choudae has been traditionally utilized for treating malaria, pain, jaundice, headaches, and convulsions. This study aimed to assess the antiplasmodial activity of the plant's methanol stem bark extract (FvMSE) both in vitro and in vivo. Preliminary phytochemical analysis was conducted, and the oral median lethal dose (LD50) was estimated following the OECD protocol. The in vitro antiplasmodial activity was evaluated using the schizont inhibition model as outlined by Trager and Jensen. For the in vivo assessment, mice infected with chloroquine-sensitive Plasmodium berghei were used in curative, suppressive, and prophylactic experimental models. Phytochemical screening identified the presence of saponins, flavonoids, tannins, alkaloids, terpenoids, steroids, and cardiac glycosides. The oral LD50 of FvMSE was found to be above 5000 mg/kg. The extract exhibited significant chemosuppressive activity (p<0.05) at doses of 1000, 500, and 250 mg/kg, reducing parasite density compared to the distilled water-treated group. In the prophylactic model, the extract significantly decreased (p<0.05) parasite counts in all treated groups compared to the distilled water-treated group, although its activity was lower than that of the standard drug pyrimethamine. The curative study results demonstrated that FvMSE significantly reduced (p<0.05) parasite densities compared to the distilled water-treated group. Additionally, FvMSE significantly (p<0.05) reduced the mean number of schizonts compared to the negative control, similar to the effects observed with standard drugs chloroquine and artesunate. These findings support the traditional use of Ficus vallis-choudae in treating malaria.
A review of navigation techniques for telepresence robots
Authors: Aduradola A. , Arowolo M.O. , Ajiteru S.O , Amechi O.G.
Published: October 2024

Nowadays the need for digital travel has increased more than ever. This is due to the need for social distancing for medical reasons, economy of travelling, and avoidance of risks involved in physical travelling or for convenience. The telepresence robot therefore serves as a surrogate for the pilot user. Telepresence robots are very resourceful and versatile. Their applications include education; medicine; business; research and ambient assisted living. A major consideration for the effective functioning of telepresence robots is the navigation scheme employed which is central to its overall reliability. Depending on the use to which the robot is to be put, several authors have considered various navigation schemes used to effectively control and navigate in workspace consisting of obstacles and/or order robots. This work aims to review the navigation technique that has been employed by researchers for telepresence robots with a view to identifying the strengths and weaknesses of the various navigation techniques and subsequently coming up with a relatively novel system of navigation that attemts to mitigate the various weaknesses of the previous methodologies for telepresence robot navigation. It has been observed that the general path planning and navigation for the usual autonomous robot is also applicable to the telepresence robot but bearing in mind that the robot is being piloted by humans and it is only when in a condition where it would be cumbersome for the humans that autonomous control system takes over. At such times path planning and navigation using AI methods have proved to be of importance. The path planning algorithms have been shown to be categorized into two viz: global path planning algorithms which are used for known environments and local path planning algorithms for unknown or partially known environments. The algorithms for local path planning are majorly reactive in attribute and are more relevant to telepresence robots. In any particular application, an appropriate blend of a number of these algorithms is employed to achieve desired navigation objectives. Furthermore, in this work, we propose the combination of a line follower robot with an obstacle avoidance algorithm for situations where the expected robot paths are foreknown.
Comparative phytochemical profiling and antioxidant activity of ethanol extracts of three parts of Dracaena arborea (Willd.) link
Authors: Umoh Uwemedimo Francis , Andy Nsima Akpan , Igwe Mathias N. , Ubengama Ekikere Ezekiel , Obasi Ogechi Innocentia , Usen Idaraobong Ekanem
Published: October 2024

Dracaena arborea is a known boundary plant which grows in arid semi-desert areas and used by the indigenous people of Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria, for the management of edematous diseases that come with pain. The ethanol extracts of D. arborea were analyzed to study their secondary metabolites. Antioxidant effect was studied using 2,2–diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay, ferric reducingantioxidant power (FRAP) assay and their total phenolic and flavonoid contents also determined. Result of phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of flavonoids, cardiac glycosides, saponins and tannins in the studied parts of D. arborea except that, stem was devoid of flavonoids. Also, the result of DPPH assay revealed the percentage inhibition of 58% for the leaf extract, 33% for the stem extract and 17% for the root extract at 100 µg/mL when compared with the blank and the result was comparable to ascorbic acid with a percentage inhibition of 62%. For the FRAP assay, the leaf extract (0.445 nm) showed a better activity than the stem extract (0.399 nm) and root extract (0.427nm) when compared to ascorbic acid (0.913nm), a standard antioxidant agent at 100 µg/mL. Extracts revealed total flavonoid contents of 52 mgRTE/g for leaf extract while the stem and root had 5 mgRTE/g and 50mgRTE/g, respectively. This study supports the use of these parts of D. arborea for its folkloric applications in ethnomedicine.
Application of remote sensing/GIS in the appraisal of geotechnical stability of civil engineering structures in cretaceous sedimentary units in Gombe, Northeastern, Nigeria
Authors: Lawal Abdullateef , Yero Usman Yahaya , Mohammed Adamu Usman
Published: October 2024

The increasing urbanization in Gombe township has necessitated the need for a city-wide assessment of the area to ascertain its spatial geotechnical stability. In this study, the geotechnical stability of Gombe township and environs, Northeastern, Nigeria, was appraised using the geospatial approach. Four different thematic maps (lithology, lineament, elevation, and slope) were generated in a GIS environment. Weights were allocated to the subclasses of the thematic maps based on their contribution to the stability of engineering structures. The thematic maps were integrated using ArcGIS 10.3 software to generate a geotechnical stability model of the study area, which was validated through an on-site inspection of the structures in the area. The study area was delineated into three zones: unstable (17.24%), moderate (77.2%), and stable (4.74%). The moderate zones characterised by medium elevation and slope, average lineament density, and underlain by sandstones were the predominant zones in the area. However, the stable and the unstable zones predominate in the western and eastern parts of the study area respectively. The stable zones that occur in the northwestern and southwestern zones of the study area are underlain by the Kerri-Kerri Formation while the poor and unstable areasare underlain by argillaceous materials of the Pindiga Formation. The validation of the model revealed numerous cracked buildings and bridges and a failed bridge in the unstable zones. The moderate stability zones suffer a mixed fortune, having some stable structures in some parts and failing structures in other parts. The buildings in the stable zones, however, are generally devoid of structural cracks.
The deleterious effect of orally administered aqueous extract of Acalypha wilkesiana (Red Acalypha) on female reproductive organs in Sprague Dawley rats
Authors: Oluwaseye Adebajo Adesina , Perpetual Adebajo Kuburat , Honor Ojo Joshua , Hezekiah Ayoade Oluwatobiloba , Selwyn Ojuka Tamunowanabo , Utom-Obong Akpan , Omowunmi Adebajo Olabowale , Oluwayemisi Oladipo Jesulayomi
Published: October 2024

Acalypha wilkesiana is a herbaceous plant that has been traditionally used to treat and/or manage a variety of illnesses, including respiratory issues, diabetes, jaundice, hypertension, fever, diarrhea, and inflammation of the liver. The effects of taking Acalypha wilkesiana orally on the uterus and ovaries were examined in this study. Twenty (20) adult female Sprague-Dawley rats (165±20g) were purchased and given a two-week period to get used to the laboratory environment. Aqueous extract of Acalypha wilkesiana was given orally for four weeks at concentrations of 0, 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg of BW following acclimatization. Groups A-D provided as the control, low, medium, and high doses, respectively. The rats' weight gain and behavioral patterns were periodically examined. Following their euthanasia, blood was drawn via the ocular sinuses to measure hormonal parameters, and the uterus and ovaries were exercised to examine histology and oxidative stress markers. Significantly lower levels of FSH, LH, estrogen, and progesterone were observed in the treatment groups, while significantly lower levels of SOD and CAT and higher levels of MDA were observed. In both the 40 and 80 mg/kg groups, histological sections of the ovaries and uterus revealed vascular congestion in the ovaries and moderate to severe damage within the uteri. The findings demonstrated that long-term use of Acalypha wilkesiana increased levels of oxidative stress, altered hormone levels, and negatively affected the histoarchitecture of the uterus and ovaries.
Haematological Profile of Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus In Calabar, Nigeria.
Authors: O.E. Enang , H.O. Okpa , S.E. Nimmon , H. Okoroiwu , D. Okpokam
Published: October 2024

Objectives
The objective of this study is to identify the haematological profile of patients with diabetes.
Setting
The study was conducted at the Diabetes Clinic of the University of Calabar Teaching Hospital, Calabar.
Methods/Subject
The study subjects selected for this study consist of 50 type 2 diabetic patients and 25 healthy non-diabetic subjects acted as controls. They were matched for age and sex. The ages in both categories were comparable, the test being 45.2 ±12.3 years and the control 40.2±13.3 years. The hematocrit value (HCT), haemoglobin content, red blood cell count (RBCs) and mean corpuscular volume (MCV) concentration with increased white blood cell counts (WBCs), mean erythrocyte haemoglobin concentration (MCHC), mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH), lymphocytes and neutrophils levels were performed.
Results
Hematological studies in the diabetic patients showed significantly lower HCT values, haemoglobin content, RBC count and MCV concentration than in the controls. Greater total WBC counts, MCHC concentrations, MCH, lymphocytes and neutrophils counts were observed in the patients than in the controls. The basophil count had a significantly higher value (p=0.033) in the test (0.03±0.02) than the control (0.01±0.01). Haemoglobin levels (11.9±2.2, p=0.001) and mean corpuscularhaemoglobin concentration (MCHC) (30.7±1.3,p=0.004) were significantly lower in the test group compared to controls (13.3±0.9, 32.6±1.1). No differences were found between platelet counts in the diabetic patients and the control.
 
Conclusion
There were significant changes in somehaematological parameters associated with Diabetes especially Haemoglobin, MCHC and basophil count identified in this study.
Pattern Of Renal Analytes Following Renal Function Assessment Of Infants In A Tertiary Health Facility In Southern Nigeria
Authors: U. Kelechi , M.U. Vincent , O.A. Babatope , Y.M. Ogarekpe , E.L. Ekpe
Published: October 2024

Background/Objectives
Electrolyte imbalance is a common finding in infants, and the story is so in the tropical countries, where most patients are usually victims of fluid losses from various etiologies. This study is aimed at assessing the profile and pattern of electrolytes imbalance and other parameters of renal function assessmentamong infants (0-12 months) in our environment.
Methods/Subjects
This cross-sectional study was carried out over a 6-month period on infants who wereadmitted into University of Calabar Teaching Hospital (UCTH) and investigated forelectrolyte, urea and creatine, after a hospitalstay of ≥24 hours. Blood samples were taken from such patients, analyzed and values obtained were compared with the reference intervals to ascertain the level of deviation from the expected normal for age.
Results
The total number of children that participated on the study was 200, made up of 106(53.0%)males and 94(47.0%) females. The children were classified based on their different ages from 0 to 12 months. Children aged 0-1month made up the bulk of the study population (57.0%). Low level of bicarbonate occurred in 65.5% of all the children. Hyponatremia (37.7%) and Hyperkalemia (28.9%), occurred in 0 -1month age group. These derangements have been known to contribute negatively to the outcome of the admitted infant if not corrected. Most of the infants had normal values of the individual electrolytes.
Conclusion
In view of the fact that infants are more vulnerable to electrolyte imbalance, prevention of electrolyte imbalances is preferable to treatment.
Human Immunodeficiency Virus Associated Neuropathy Perinatally Infected HIV Children In Calabar, Nigeria. Clinical Features, Treatment and Outcome
Authors: E.I. Nsa , C.I. Uzomba , M.U. Amah , I.S. Etuk
Published: October 2024

Background
Renal disease is increasing being recognized as a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in HIV positive patients. Human Immunodeficiency virus associated nephropathy (HIVAN) is the most common type of HIV related renal disease and rapidly progress to end stage renal disease(ESRD). There is paucity of report on true prevalence of HIVAN in African. This study was aimed at determining the prevalence of HIVAN, clinical features, treatment and outcome, in Calabar Nigeria.
Methods/Subject
This was a retrospective review of all renal patients managed by Pediatric nephrology unit of University of Calabar Teaching Hospital from January 2016 to December 2022 enrolled in the Renal register. During the period of study 215 patients had renal diseases out of which 15 had HIVAN. The following information were extracted from the HIVAN patients; Demographics and clinical data as well as mode of transmission, laboratory investigations, renal Ultrasound scan, treatment and Outcome were obtained and analyzed using SPSS version 20.
Results
There were 215 cases of renal diseases seen during the study period of which 15 had HIVAN giving a prevalence of 6.9% There were 5 males and 10 females giving a ratio of 1:2, age range 69-192months. with a mean age of 127±43.7months All received HAART and had acquired HIV infection through vertical transmission. 8 (53%) of patient were asymptomatic with 6 (40%) presenting with both legs and facial swelling. Nephrotic range proteinuria was a common presentation seen in 40% of the patients and 5(33.3%) had hypertension. Only 4 (33%) had eGFR<60 ml/min/1.73m2 and 2(16%) had ESRD. Two were lost to follow-up and 4 (26%) died with two requiring dialysis.
Conclusion
HIVAN is common in patients with renal diseases and there is need to monitor patient at initiation of HAART and at risk patients with low CD4+ count and exposure to nephrotoxic HAART.
Policy Options for Achieving Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in the MENA Region through the Effective Implementation of Multilateral Environmental Agreements
Authors: Anwana Emem , Owojori Oluwatobi Mary
Published: October 2024

The Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region faces a complex set of challenges, including political instability, economic disparities, and environmental degradation. Achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in this region is paramount to ensuring a sustainable and prosperous future for its diverse populations. Multilateral Environmental Agreements (MEAs) play a crucial role in addressing environmental issues, which are intertwined with many of the SDGs. This paper explored policy options that can help the MENA region make significant strides towards achieving the SDGs through the effective implementation of MEAs. To achieve this, the MENA region will be required to strengthen regional cooperation through the development and implementation of regional agreements that are tailored towards shared environmental issues, such as trans-boundary water management in the Nile River basin or tackling air pollution in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries. Strategies for the adoption of policies on the region’s prevalent issues such as drought and desertification, renewable energy transition, biodiversity conservation, climate change mitigation and adaptation will have to be negotiated, developed, strengthened, and implemented. The paper utilised a content analysis research approach in analysing selected international and regional MEAs. The paper highlights the challenges with the implementation of both international and regional MEAs, with a view to raising awareness on the shortcomings and challenges of implementation of these very important environmental treaties. Achieving the SDGs in the MENA region through the implementation of MEAs requires a coordinated effort amongst nations, international organisations, and civil society. By prioritising regional cooperation, sustainable resource management, renewable energy adoption, biodiversity conservation, climate action, waste management and education, the MENA region can make significant progress towards a more sustainable and prosperous future. These policy options offer a roadmap to address pressing environmental challenges whilst simultaneously advancing the broader agenda of sustainable development.
Energy Transition in the Middle East and North Africa Region: Regional Solutions for Climate Change Challenges Amid Economic Sanctions
Authors: Aryanpour Mehrnoosh
Published: October 2024

As the world grapples with the urgent priority of transitioning to a net-zero future, there exists a shared need to make all efforts to reduce anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions, mostly caused by burning fossil fuels. The Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region plays an important role because of its oil and natural gas output. Additionally, this region has experienced significant conflict and numerous wars. This article will focus on one of the many challenges that some key states in the MENA region, with a main focus on Iran, are facing in their energy transition. Several countries in the MENA region are or have recently been subject to some form of economic sanctions. Sanctions appear to have had a material impact on these countries’ abilities to fulfill their contributions to transitioning to a net-zero economy. Research suggests that the chief obstacles they face regarding that transition is the lack of access to the latest technologies, a dearth of financing, limited or often no direct investments in low carbon industry, diplomatic isolation, and the concomitant economic volatility caused by sanctions, which in sum, take away from the financial capacity of a target country to save and invest for the transition to net zero. Therefore, it is crucial to revisit sanctions laws and policies, ensuring that they do not hinder the global community from achieving its climate goals. This article proposes establishing a regional ‘climate savings account’ to serve as a strategic mechanism to balance geopolitical interests and environmental goals.
Roles of Women Engagement in Managing WASH Projects in Rural Areas: A Case Study of Mufindi District, Tanzania
Authors: Ram Faidha , Mrim Meda
Published: October 2024

Women’s participation in managing Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene (WASH) projects is crucial for the sustainability and success of these initiatives, yet remains significantly limited, particularly in rural areas. This cross-sectional study, conducted with 163 participants, explores the challenges and opportunities surrounding women’s roles in WASH project management, focusing on their participation, the influence of cultural practices, and the availability of capacity-building programs to support women's leadership. Findings show that while women engage in community outreach and planning, their leadership and decision-making roles are restricted by traditional gender roles and patriarchal norms. A lack of training programs further limits their leadership potential. Additionally, the study highlights a severe shortage of training programs aimed at empowering women to assume leadership roles in WASH management, particularly in rural areas where access to these resources is most limited. The study recommends gender-sensitive policies and expanded training initiatives to promote women’s inclusion and leadership in WASH management, essential for achieving sustainable outcomes.
Evaluating the Effectiveness of Anti-Poaching Efforts in Combating Wildlife Poaching at Udzungwa Mountains National Park, Tanzania
Authors: Mramba Miraji , Mrimi Meda
Published: October 2024

This study evaluates the effectiveness of anti-poaching strategies in Udzungwa Mountains National Park (UMNP), Tanzania. Data was collected from 80 respondents, including conservation officers, rangers, ex-poachers, community leaders, and intelligence officers. The analysis identified awareness campaigns and ranger training as the most effective strategies, with mean effectiveness scores of 5.5 and 5.3, respectively. While patrol frequency and GPS surveillance were valuable enforcement tools, resource limitations and insufficient community engagement reduced their impact. Despite legal frameworks, challenges in prosecution and low morale among the anti-poaching force persist. The study highlights the need for a balanced approach integrating legal enforcement, advanced technology, community involvement, and enhanced ranger support. Recommendations include strengthening judicial resources, expanding community-based initiatives, and improving ranger training and morale to achieve sustainable conservation outcomes. This study offers valuable insights into anti-poaching strategies in UMNP and provides guidance for improving wildlife protection efforts in high-risk areas
Effects of Gender equality Initiatives on Employees Performance at the First Vice President's Office in Pemba, Tanzania
Authors: Moh’d Moh’d , Massawe Goodluck
Published: October 2024

This study assessed the impact of gender equality initiatives on employee performance at the First Vice President's Office in Pemba, Tanzania. A case study design with a quantitative approach was employed, utilizing proportionate random sampling to select 104 respondents for a questionnaire-based survey. The empirical results revealed that a majority of respondents agreed that career advancement and promotion methods significantly influence employee motivation (64.4%), productivity (61.5%), and job satisfaction (53.8%). Additionally, 55.8% of respondents indicated that women facing challenges in job engagement and retention experience a negative impact on their productivity. Furthermore, 64.4% of respondents agreed that women experiencing difficulties with compensation and benefits at work are adversely affected in terms of productivity, while 63.5% noted a negative impact on teamwork and collaboration. The study recommends that, in addition to government efforts, organizations should foster an environment where education and institutional systems are strengthened to support gender equality and eliminate discrimination across employment sectors.
Desempeño cognitivo en la adultez y vejez: Explorando la dinámica entre flexibilidad cognitiva y reserva cognitiva
Authors: Ferreyra Florenia Aldana , Bario Daiana , Krzemien Deisy , Richard's Maria Marta
Published: October 2024

Es creciente el interés en la investigación sobre el impacto positivo que tiene la reserva cognitiva en el desempeño ejecutivo. El objetivo de este estudio es describir y comparar la flexibilidad cognitiva (FC) según el nivel de reserva cognitiva (RC) en dos grupos etarios: 50 adultos y 50 personas mayores, de ambos sexos de la ciudad de Mar del Plata. Se implementó un diseño correlacional transversal, con hipótesis de diferencia de grupos. Los instrumentos utilizados fueron el Examen Cognitivo de Addenbrooke-III, el Cuestionario de Reserva Cognitiva, el test CAMBIOS y el Cuestionario de datos socioeducativos. Los resultados serán útiles para evaluar la FC y obtener valores normativos para la población adulta y mayor en nuestra región. El estudio evidenció una correlación positiva entre la RC y el desempeño en FC en ambos grupos. Se encontró que los adultos poseen un mejor desempeño en FC frente a los adultos mayores. Además, aquellos con una RC más alta mostraron un mejor desempeño en FC que aquellos con una RC más baja, lo que sugiere que la RC está asociada con un mayor nivel de FC, independientemente de la edad.
Instituto Rosario de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Educación (IRICE: CONICET-UNR)
Authors: San Martín Patricia Silvana
Published: October 2024

El IRICE es un centro de doble dependencia entre el Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) y la Universidad Nacional de Rosario (UNR), ubicado en el Centro Científico y Tecnológico de la ciudad de Rosario, provincia de Santa Fe, Argentina. En su acta de creación, con fecha 29 de julio de 1977, consta el acuerdo de colaboración para su desarrollo y funcionamiento entre los mencionados organismos.
Fue el primer instituto en el campo de las Ciencias de la Educación del CONICET y los propósitos conjuntos se centraron en la promoción de las investigaciones relativas a dicho campo tanto en lo teórico como en lo experimental. Asimismo, se plantea contribuir a la formación de investigadores y técnicos de nivel en la especialidad, en número y calidad acordes con las necesidades de la región del país, y brindar asesoramiento a instituciones oficiales y privadas.
Crisis Entre el Espiritismo y la Psicología en Argentina: El Caso de la Parapsicología (1948-1955)
Authors: Parra Alejandro
Published: October 2024

A mediados de los años cuarenta, el espiritismo argentino confrontó una crisis en el contexto de cambios culturales donde la parapsicología se instaló como un área de indagación válida dentro de la emergente psicología como ciencia. Los años cincuenta representaron una transformación del campo intelectual para las así llamadas “ciencias conjeturales” y una forma de psicologización del espiritismo. De hecho, la apropiación de los resultados de las pruebas de J.B. Rhine en los Estados Unidos resultaron útiles para los espiritistas. Sin embargo, a fines de los años cuarenta, emergió un entusiasmo entre los matemáticos por conocer los procedimientos estadísticos de Rhine y testear sus hipótesis. En 1953, se creó el Instituto Argentino de Parapsicología (IAP) cuya actividad fue fecunda en el contexto de la naciente academización de la psicología porque comenzó durante un proceso de desmarcación que buscaba purificar la parapsicología hacia una postura menos contaminadapor creencias espiritistas y a favor de la aplicación de los procedimientos estadísticos de orientación rhineana.
Estrato Socioeconómico, Funciones Ejecutivas y Metacognición en Adolescentes
Authors: García Mercedes Luján , Tizzoni Chiara Lucia , Tortul Candela , Arán Filippetti Vanessa
Published: October 2024

El objetivo del presente estudio fue analizar el efecto del estrato socioeconómico (ESE) en las funciones ejecutivas (FE) y la metacognición en adolescentes y examinar la relación entre el desempeño ejecutivo y la metacognición según el ESE. La muestra de 100 adolescentes de 14 a 15 años (M = 14.39; DE = 0.49), se dividió en dos grupos equivalentes de 50 adolescentes de estrato socioeconómico medio (ESM) y bajo (ESB) respectivamente. Para valorar las FE se utilizó el índice de memoria de trabajo (MT) del WISC- IV, el Trail Making Test y el Test de colores y palabras, Stroop. Además, se aplicó el inventario de habilidades metacognitivas (MAI) y la escala Graffar - Méndez Castellano. Se realizaron análisis multivariado de varianza (MANOVA), análisis de regresión múltiple y análisis de correlación r de Pearson. Los resultados indicaron que el grupo de ESM obtuvo un mejor rendimiento en tareas que evalúan las FE respecto del grupo de ESB, pero se evidenciaron puntuaciones más bajas referidas a algunas habilidades metacognitivas. El nivel educativo de la madre y la profesión resultaron los principales predictores del desempeño ejecutivo. Finalmente, las habilidades metacognitivas se asociaron selectivamente con las FE con diferencias en función del ESE. La presente investigación tiene importantes implicancias para el desarrollo de intervenciones destinadas a favorecer las FE y el desarrollo de las habilidades metacognitivas durante la adolescencia.
Proof Of Criminal Origin Related To Money Laundering In Mutual Fund Investment Activities In Supreme Court Decision Number 2937 K/Pid.Sus/2021
Authors: Surnada Surnada , Kusbianto Kusbianto , Sitompul Ariman
Published: October 2024

The crime of money laundering in the form of mutual fund investments is a serious crime that can threaten the stability of the financial system and economy. Perpetrators use mutual funds as a means to disguise the origin of illegal funds resulting from criminal acts, such as corruption, which are then invested as if they were legitimate funds. This not only harms the country financially, but can also reduce investor confidence in the mutual fund industry. Therefore, it is important to examine the criminal liability of perpetrators of money laundering in mutual fund investments in order to maintain the integrity of the financial system and provide a deterrent effect for perpetrators of similar crimes. This research is aimed at analyzing the legal regulation of criminal acts of money laundering in mutual fund investment activities in Indonesia, proof of predicate crimes related to criminal acts of money laundering in mutual fund investment activities in Supreme Court Decision Number 2937 K/Pid.Sus/2021, as well as criminal responsibility for perpetrators of these crimes. money laundering crime in mutual fund investment activities in Supreme Court Decision Number 2937 K/Pid.Sus/2021.The research method used is normative juridical research, which is supported by primary and secondary data sources. All legal materials were collected using library research techniques using document study data collection tools. Apart from that, field studies were also carried out using interview methods and analyzed qualitatively.The results of the research and discussion concluded that the legal regulations related to the crime of money laundering in mutual fund investment activities in Indonesia are as regulated in Law Number 8 of 2010. Based on Supreme Court Decision Number 2937 K/Pid.Sus/2021, it can be concluded that the defendant Benny Tjokrosaputro proven to have committed a criminal act of corruption together with other parties in managing investments at PT Asuransi Jiwasraya (Persero) which caused state losses amounting to IDR 16.807 trillion, as well as a money laundering crime of IDR 6.078 trillion, so he was sentenced to life imprisonment and payment of compensation to the state, based on valid evidence at trial and the fulfillment of the elements of the criminal act in accordance with the articles charged.
Legal Protection Of The Employment Relationship Created By The Company Employers With Outsourcing Companies (Outsourcing) According To Government Regulation In Lieu Of Law Number 2 Of 2022 About Job Creation In Medan City
Authors: Pramono Rahman , Sahputra Rilawadi , Kusbianto Kusbianto
Published: October 2024

The problem raised in this paper is how the working relationship is made with the form of outsourcing (outsourcing) according to Perppu No. 2 of 2022 on job creation in Medan City, rights and obligations of outsourcing companies based on Perppu No. 2 of 2022 concerning job creation in Medan City, supervision by the Manpower office and sanctions for outsourcing companies that do not implement statutory provisions against workers. The method used in the discussion of the formulation of the problem is normative and empirical juridical law research by examining and analyzing using primary data and secondary data in the form of primary legal materials, secondary legal materials, and tertiary legal materials. The working relationship between the outsourcing company and the workers/laborers employed is based on PKWT or PKWTT. This means that outsourced workers are linked to employment agreements made with employers based on provisions regarding PKWT or PKWTT. Rights and obligations describe a legal relationship between workers and the company, where both parties are equally bound by a mutually agreed labor agreement. Supervision of the implementation of this regulation is carried out by the Labor Inspectorate known as the Department of Labor. In addition, the Manpower office can also impose administrative sanctions for violations committed by outsourcing companies.
ASSESSMENT OF NEWLY SYNTHESIZED SALICYLALDEHYDE-BASED SCHIFF BASES AS CORROSION INHIBITORS FOR CARBON STEEL IN AQUEOUS ENVIRONMENT
Authors: Onu L. U. , Akalezi C. O. , Ogwuegbu M. O. C
Published: October 2024

A novel and eco-friendly approach for synthesizing two salicylaldehyde-based Schiff bases (2HPP and BHBD) in aqueous environments has been successfully conducted. These synthesized Schiff bases were subjected to a range of physicochemical analyses, including CHNS elemental analyses, molar conductivity measurements, and spectroscopic techniques like IR, electronic, 1HNMR, and mass spectra, to ascertain their properties. The research also involved investigating the inhibitory properties of these Schiff bases against mild steel corrosion in hydrochloric acid solutions at a temperature of 30°C. The results obtained from this study revealed the remarkable inhibitory potential of 2HPP and BHBD on mild steel corrosion in HCl solution. The inhibition efficiency was found to increase with increasing concentration, ultimately reaching an impressive maximum inhibition efficiency of 91.50% and 94.54 % for 2HPP and BHBD, respectively. The adsorption behavior of 2HPP and BHBD followed the Langmuir isotherm, indicating a favorable interaction with the metal surface. Moreover, the investigations included the use of quantum chemical parameters, which were computed utilizing the Density Functional Theory (DFT) method. These calculations included energy gap assessments, which lent support to the excellent inhibiting performance of both Schiff basses. However, BHBD appeared to be a more efficient inhibitor than 2APP.
PRELIMINARY ASSESSMENT OF THE ACUTE TOXICITY EFFECTS OF FRIED CAT FISH EXTRACT ON BIOCHEMICAL, HEMATOLOGICAL AND HISTOPATHOLOGICAL PARAMETERS OF WISTAR RATS
Authors: Omodara N. B , Olabemiwo O. M , Adedosu T. A , Esan A. O
Published: October 2024

Some food processing techniques have been linked with formation of toxic chemicals known as Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs), which are found in some processed foods and have been widely attributed to the prevalence of cancer of liver and stomach in Nigeria. However, the toxicological effects of the consumption of fried fish have not been adequately documented. Therefore, this study investigated the toxicological effects of PAHs in fried cat fish on Wistar rats. Fifty five rats were used in the study and they were divided into control and ten treatment groups with daily administration of fried fish extract at dosage of 200, 400, 600, 800 and 1000 mg/kg body weight to the rats for 14 days. The results showed that the activities of serum, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phospherase (ALP), asparte aminotransferase (AST) as well as urea and creatinine concentration were affected across the treated groups of animals which were indications for hepatorenal damage. White blood cell (WBC) and mean corpuscular volume (MCV) showed significant changes in response to the administered dosage compared to the control. The liver showed no significant histopathological changes between the test rats and control. The architecture of sections of kidney treated groups was similar to that of the control in which the renal corpuscles maintained their normal size of urinary space and normal tubular structures with no necrosis observed. The result revealed that there can be potential toxicity if there is repeated indulgence to fried cat fish at the temperatures between 160 – 230 oC.
Ani Sensorinöral İşitme Kaybının Patofizyolojisi, Tanısı ve Tedavi Yöntemleri Üzerine Güncel Yaklaşımlar
Authors: KEPEKÇİ Ahmet Hamdi
Published: October 2024

Ani İşitme Kaybı (AİK), en az 30 dB işitme kaybı ile karakterize
olup, üç ardışık frekansta görülür ve 72 saat içinde
gelişir. AİK'nin %90'nında sebep tespit edilemez, ancak
viral enfeksiyonlar, vasküler problemler ve otoimmün
hastalıklar gibi nedenler araştırılmalıdır. Epidemiyolojik
olarak, yıllık insidans 100.000 kişide 5-20 vakadır. Tedaviye
erken başlamak kritiktir ve kortikosteroidler ilk tercih
olarak kullanılır. İlerleyen tedavi seçenekleri arasında
intratimpanik kortikosteroid enjeksiyonları ve post-auriküler
steroid enjeksiyonları hiperbarik oksijen tedavisi ve
bunların kombinasyonları yer almaktadır. Tedaviye hızlı
başlamak, işitme kaybının geri dönüşü için önemlidir. Ayrıca
AİK’nın tedavisinde kişiye özel yaklaşımlar önerilir.
AİK'nin genetik ve moleküler biyolojik temelini anlamak
için çalışmalar devam etmektedir.
Sodyum Benzoat ve Potasyum Sorbatın Fibroblast ve Osteoblast Hücrelerinde Sitotoksik
Authors: KARA ERTEKİN Simge
Published: October 2024

Amaç: Günümüzde hazır ve paketli gıdaların yaygınlaşmasıyla
birlikte gıda katkı maddelerinin kullanımı da hızla artmıştır. Tatlandırıcılar,
renklendiriciler, koruyucular ve kıvam artırıcılar gibi
birçok katkı maddesi, bireylerin günlük yaşamında kaçınılmaz
hale gelmiştir. Sodyum benzoat ve potasyum sorbat ise özellikle
gıda ve ilaç sanayisinde yaygın olarak kullanılan güçlü antimikrobiyal
maddelerdir. Ancak, bu maddelerin bu kadar geniş çapta
kullanımının insan sağlığı üzerindeki etkileri hakkında yeterli bilimsel
veri bulunmamaktadır. Bu belirsizlikler, sodyum benzoat
ve potasyum sorbatın potansiyel zararlarını daha derinlemesine
araştırma gereksinimini doğurmuştur. Bu çalışmanın amacı,
sodyum benzoat ve potasyum sorbatın L929 fare fibroblast ve
HOB insan osteoblast hücreleri üzerinde konsantrasyona bağlı
olarak sitotoksik etkilerinin gösterilmesini amaçlamaktadır.
Yöntem: Sodyum Benzoat ve Potasyum Sorbat’ın sitotoksik etkilerinin
değerlendirilmesi için HOB ve L929 hücre soylarına 24
saat süre 10 farklı konsantrasyonun (0,5mM- 100mM) maruziyeti
yapılmış ve MTT yöntemi ile hücre canlılığı belirlenmiştir.
Bulgular: MTT testi sonuçlarına göre; Sodyum Benzoat’ın ve
Potasyum Sorbat’ın her iki hücre soyu için 20 mM üzerinde konsantrasyona
göre anlamlı derece artan sitotoksik etkisi olduğu
gösterilmiştir. Sodyum Benzoat’ın L929 ve HOB hücrelerinde 24
saat için IC50 değerleri sırasıyla; 240,7 ve 99,78 mM; Potasyum
Sorbat’ın L929 ve HOB hücrelerinde IC50 değerleri sırasıyla;
404,9 ve 122,1mM olarak hesaplanmıştır.
Sonuç: Gıda takviyelerinde ve endüstride en sık kullanılan katkı
maddelerinden olan Sodyum Benzoat ve Potasyum Sorbat’ın iki
farklı sağlıklı hücre hattında artan konsantrasyonlarla gösterdiği
sitotoksik etkiler, bu maddelere maruz kalmanın daha kontrollü
bir şekilde gerçekleştirilmesi gerektiğini ortaya koymaktadır. Bununla
birlikte, bu konsantrasyonlardaki etkileri daha iyi anlamak
için daha ayrıntılı moleküler çalışmalar yapılmalıdır.
Hastane Öncesi Travma Yönetiminde Yaşananlar: Altın Saatler ve OPALS Çalışması
Authors: ÖZDEMİR Serdar
Published: October 2024

Altın saatler özellikle hastane öncesi için kullanılan ve
hastalarını travmadan sonraki 60 dakika içinde ileri
tıbbi destek tedavisine ulaşması gerekliliğini ifade etmektedir.
Terminoloji ilk kez Adams Cowley tarafından
kullanılmıştır. Cowley, İkinci Dünya Savaşı'nın hemen
ardından Fransa'da Amerika Birleşik Devletleri Ordusu'nda
çalışmıştır Burada hastanın travmadan sonraki
bir saat içinde bir cerrahi ekibin hazır bulunduğu bir
askeri hastaneye nakledilmesi durumunda birçok ciddi
travmatik yaralanmanın stabilize edilebileceğini gözlemledi.
Bu gözlemlerine dayanarak Birleşik Devletlerdeki
sağlık sistemin yapılanmasında önemli öneride
bulundu (2). Hastaların hava yolu ile de kabul edilebildiği
Baltimore’s Shock Trauma Institute ’ü kurdu. Bu
merkez halen Adams Cowley Shock Trauma Center
ULUSLARARASI YATIRIM HUKUKUNDA KEYFİ VEYA AYRIMCI TEDBİRLERE KARŞI KORUMA
Authors: Kışla Selcen Nur
Published: October 2024

Keyfi veya ayrımcı tedbirlere karşı koruma, uluslararası yatırım andlaşmalarında kendisine yer verilen yabancı yatırımların korunmasına yönelik bir kayıttır. Kayıt, yatırımın yapıldığı devlete, yabancı yatırımlara karşı keyfi veya ayrımcı tedbirlerle zarar vermeme yükümlülüğü getirir. Uluslararası yatırım tahkiminde bazen diğer yatırımların korunması standartlarının gölgesinde kalsa da aslında yatırım andlaşmalarında sıkça düzenlenen, bağımsız bir standarttır. Bu makalede öncelikle keyfi veya ayrımcı tedbirlere karşı koruma kaydının uluslararası yatırım andlaşmalarında kaleme alınışı, unsurları ve tarihi gelişimi ele alınmıştır. Sonrasında ise iki unsuru olan “keyfilik” ile “ayrımcılık” kavramlarının anlam ve kapsamı incelenmiştir.
A desospitalização dos últimos pacientes do antigo leprosário São Roque
Authors: Sousa Azevedo Taiane , De Oliveira Robson
Published: October 2024

Este artigo visa apresentar o processo de desospitalização dos últimos pacientes asilados do Hospital de Dermatologia Sanitária do Paraná (HDSPR) – antigo Leprosário São Roque – e as consequências da institucionalização de longo prazo na vida desses sujeitos. Metodologicamente, o estudo apoia-se na pesquisa oral e busca utilizar ainda os documentos produzidos no âmbito da própria instituição. Para isso são considerados os relatos dos próprios pacientes asilares, seus familiares e/ou funcionários do hospital, como meio para reconstrução de suas trajetórias. O estudo faz, ainda, uma breve contextualização referente à hanseníase, às políticas sanitárias da doença no Brasil e à história do HDSPR. Por fim, as considerações finais problematizam a condição asilar desses pacientes após a superação do modelo de hospital-colônia da década de 1980, e ressalta a importância do registro dos profissionais que se dedicaram à preservação da história desses locais e dos indivíduos inseridos nesses espaços.
Envelhecimento, cuidado e família num “cadinho” do Serviço Social
Authors: Bertelli Edilane
Published: October 2024

Analisa-se as interpretações sobre velhice e envelhecimento, trabalho de cuidado às pessoas idosas e o lugar das famílias nas políticas de proteção social, especificamente na produção acadêmica do Serviço Social e no contexto brasileiro contemporâneo. As reflexões são oriundas de pesquisa bibliográfica realizada em treze periódicos online dessa área, cujos artigos foram publicados no período compreendido entre 2000 e 2022. Constata-se certa incipiência de estudos e reflexões relacionadas à trama intrincada velhice, famílias e mulheres cuidadoras, políticas socioassistenciais às pessoas idosas.
Ser leiturante
Authors: Paula Ricardo Almeida de
Published: October 2024

Tratamos neste artigo da questão de a Interdisciplinaridade ser um giro de olhar (periagogê) e de saberes contemporâneos, tendo sua ascese na dialogia e na Integração das ciências e do conhecimento, questiona a hiperespecialização e a fragmentação dos saberes, a razão metonímica. Constitui-se em uma Interconexão Interpretativa própria dos saberes, sejam eles procedentes de uma leitura literária ou de uma leitura semiológica, ou mesmo de uma reinterpretação, ressignificação ou transcriação de modo que a autonomia seja realmente doada e partilhada de per se. Este giro se faz de modo Interdisciplinar, Interativo e socializado, especialmente no contexto da apreendizagem como partilhar do ser, como prática da liberdade do pensar e do pensar-se. Procuro responder a duas questões fundamentalmente com objetivo de co-textualizar o leitor de forma a pensar-se como ser leiturante. Pergunto, então, como pensar a Interdisciplinaridade e os seus limites em um contexto escolar local, especialmente na questão de uma alfabetização antirracista? Como pensar uma práxis de leitura que promova a liberdade transcriadora, re-criativa e Interpretativa textual apropriada pelo leitor real numa perspectiva antirracista e antipreconceituosa?