bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The unified Riemann-Liouville fractional derivative formulae
Authors: Soni R. C. , Singh Deepika
Published: May 2019

In this paper, we obtain two unified fractional derivative formulae. The first involves the product of two general class of polynomials and the multivariable $H$-function. The second fractional derivative formula also involves the product of two general class of polynomials and the multivariable $H$-function and has been obtained by the application of the first fractional derivative formula twice and it has two independent variables instead of one. The polynomials and the functions involved in both the fractional derivative formulae as well as their arguments are quite general in nature and so our findings provide interesting unifications and extensions of a number of (known and new) results. For the sake of illustration, we point out that the fractional derivative formulae recently obtained by Srivastava, Chandel and Vishwakarma [11], Srivastava and Goyal [12], Gupta, Agrawal and Soni [4], Gupta and Agrawal [3] follow as particular cases of our findings. In the end, we record a new fractional derivative formula involving the product of the Konhauser biorthogonal polynomials, the Jacobi polynomials and the product of $r$ different modified Bessel functions of the second kind as a simple special case of our first formula.
A result on best approximation in locally convex spaces
Authors: Latif Abdul , Bano Arjamand , Khan Abdul Rahim
Published: May 2019

In this paper we obtain a result on best approximation for multivalued nonexpansive maps in locally convex spaces. Our results generalize and extend some known results.
An integral involving general polynomials and the $H$-function of several complex variables
Authors: Chaurasia V. B. L. , Shekhawat Ashok Singh
Published: May 2019

The aim of this paper is to derive an integral pertaining to a product of Fox's $ H $-function [1], general polynomials given by Srivastava [6, p.185, Eq.(7)] and $ H $-function of several complex variables given by Srivastava and Panda [7, p.271, Eq. (4.1)] with general arguments of quadratic nature. The integral thus obtained is believed to be one of the most general integral established so far. The findings of this paper are sufficiently general in nature and are capable of yielding numerous (known or new) results involving classical orthogonal polynomials hitherto scattered in the literature.
Differential equations and folding of $n$-mani-folds
Authors: Mousa I. , Salama F.
Published: May 2019

In this paper we will describe some topological and geometric characters of $n$-manifold by using the properties of differential equations. The folding and unfolding of $n$-manifold into itself will be deduced from viewpoint of the differential equations.
On certain applications of differential subordinations for $\Phi$-like functions
Authors: Ravichandran V. , Magesh N. , Rajalakshmi R.
Published: May 2019

Let $ f(z) $ be a normalized analytic function in $ \Delta=\{z | z\in{\Bbb C} \mbox{ and } |z|
Continuous analogue of Alzer's inequality
Authors: Zhang Su-Ling , Chen Chao-Ping , Qi Feng
Published: May 2019

Let $ b
Some sufficient conditions for univalence and close-to-convexity
Authors: Swamy S. R.
Published: May 2019

The author uses the method of differential subordinations to obtain some new criteria for a normalised regular function, in unit disc $E=\{z: |z|
On strong approximation by modified Meyer-K"onig and Zeller operators
Authors: Rempulska L. , Skorupka M.
Published: May 2019

We introduce certain modified Meyer-K"onig and Zeller operators $ M_{n;r} $ in the space of  $r $-th times differentiable functions $ f $ and we study strong differences $ H_{n;r}^q(f) $ for them.  This note is motivated by results on strong approximation connected with Fourier series ([7]).
Multiple solutions of boundary value problem
Authors: Li Yongjin , Shu Xiaobao , Xu Yuantong
Published: May 2019

By means of variational structure and $ Z_2 $ group index theory, we obtain multiple solutions of boundary value problems for second-order ordinary differential equations$ \begin{cases} & - (ru')' + qu = \lambda f(t, u),\qquad 0 < t < 1 \\ & u'(0) = 0 = \gamma u(1)+ u'(1), \qquad \text{ where } \gamma \geq 0. \end{cases} $
Characterization of Some Matrix Classes Involving Paranormed Sequence Spaces
Authors: Tripathy Binod Chandra , Sen Mausumi
Published: May 2019

In this article we characterize some matrix classes with one member as $ {m}(p) $ or $ {m}_0(p) $ or $ c(p) $ or $ c_0(p)$. Some of these results generalize the existing results. Some are new proved in the general setting.
Another proof of monotonicity for extended mean values
Authors: Zhang Su-Ling , Chen Chao-Ping , Qi Feng
Published: May 2019

We provide another proof of monotonicity for the extended mean values.
Principal pivot transforms of range symmetric matrices in Minkowski space
Authors: Meenakshi Ar. , Krishnaswamy D.
Published: May 2019

It is shown that the property of a matrix being range symmetric in Minkowski space ${\mathfrak m}$ is preserved under the principal pivot transformation.
On the second Gaussian curvature of ruled surfaces in Euclidean $3$-space
Authors: Yoon Dae Won
Published: May 2019

In this paper, we mainly investigate non developable ruled surface in a 3-dimensional Euclidean space satisfying the equation $K_{II} = KH$ along each ruling, where $K$ is the Gaussian curvature, $H$ is the mean curvature and $K_{II}$ is the second Gaussian curvature.
Two-dimensional generalized Weyl fractional calculus pertaining to two-dimensional $ \overline{H} $-transforms
Authors: Chaurasia V. B. L. , Srivastava Amber
Published: May 2019

The aim of this paper is to establish a relation between the two-dimensional $ \overline{H} $-transform involving a general polynomials and the Weyl type two-dimensional Saigo operator of fractional integration.
Certain classes of meromorphic $ p $-valent functions with positive coefficients
Authors: Nasser Moa'ath , Darus Maslina
Published: May 2019

We introduce the new class $ L(\alpha,\beta,\lambda,p) $ of meromorphic p-valent functions. The aim of the paper is to obtain coefficient inequalities, growth and distortion, radii of convexity and starlikeness and the convex linear combinations for the class $ L(\alpha,\beta,\lambda,p) $.
On certain nonlinear integral inequalities involving iterated integrals
Authors: Pachpatte B. G.
Published: May 2019

In this paper explicit bounds on some nonlinear integral inequalities involving iterated integrals are established. Applications are also given to illustriate the usefulness of one of our results.
Note on Alzer's inequality
Authors: Chen Chao-Ping , Qi Feng
Published: May 2019

If the sequence $ \{a_i \}_{i=1}^{\infty} $ satisfies $ \triangle a_i=a_{i+1}-a_i0$.
Multi-valued mappings and fixed points II
Authors: Dhage B. C.
Published: May 2019

In this paper, some hybrid fixed point principles for the sum of two multi-valued
operators in a Banach space are proved and they are further applied to a certain integral inclu-
sion of mixed type for proving the existence results under mixed Lipschitz and Carath´eodory
conditions.
Limits of fuzzy retractions of fuzzy hyperspheres and their foldings
Authors: El-Ahmady A. E.
Published: May 2019

This article introduces the types of fuzzy retractions of fuzzy hyperspheres $ \tilde{S}^n\subset R^{n+1} $ and the corresponding induced fuzzy retractions of the two fuzzy systems $ \bigcup \overline{\tilde{S}}^n $, $ \bigcup \underline{\tilde{S}}^n $ when the fuzzification is regular or irregular. Also, the fuzzy folding of fuzzy hyperspheres $ \tilde{S}^n $ into itself and the induces two chains of fuzzy folding of $ \bigcup \overline{\tilde{S}}^n $, $ \bigcup \underline{\tilde{S}}^n $. The relations between the fuzzy folding and fuzzy retraction are obtained. The limits of fuzzy retractions and fuzzy folding are achieved.
The Jacobson semiradical over a certain semiring
Authors: Al-Thani Huda Mohammed J.
Published: May 2019

The concept of the semiradical class of semirings was introduced in [3]. The purpose of this paper is to study one such semiradicals, the Jacobson semiradicals, over certain semirings. We generalize the concept of the Jacobson radical of a ring to a semiring. Some properties of the Jacobson semiradical $ JS(R) $ of the semiring $R$ parallel those of ring theory. In Section 1 we describe some preliminary definitions. In Section 2 we define regular strongly austere semimodulse. Theorem 1 characterizes a regular strongly austere semimodule in terms of a regular modular maximal subtractive left ideal. We define $JS(R)$ and derive some properties of this structure. In Section 3 we show that the $ JS(R) $ of a semiring has many representations as the intersection of left ideals. One of the more important of these is that $ JS(R) $ is the intersection of all left weakly primitive subtractive ideals. Proposition 6 characterizes a semiweekly primitive semiring in terms of a weakly primitive semiring. The interrelationships of strongly austere, weakly primitive and semiweekly primitive semirings are examined in Theorem 3. In Section 4, Proposition 7 shows that the $ JS(R) $ of a semiring with identity is the intersection of all regular maximal modular subtractive left ideals. Corollary 3 shows that $ JS(R) $ is the unique largest superfluous left ideal of $ R $. Proposition 8 shows that the class of Jacobson semiradical of semirings is closed under direct sum. We conclude with Section 5, a consideration of a certain restricted class of semirings. We show that the Jacobson semiradical for the semirings belonging to this class constitutes a semiradical class. Finally, Example 1 shows that a semiradical class need not be a radical class.
On the product of self-adjoint Sturm-Liouville differential operators in direct sum spaces
Authors: Ibrahim Sobhy El-Sayed
Published: May 2019

In this paper, the second-order symmetric Sturm-Liouville differential expressions $ \tau_1,\tau_2, \ldots, \tau_n $, with real coefficients on any finite number of intervals are studied in the setting of the direct sum of the $ L_w^2 $-spaces of functions defined on each of the separate intervals. It is shown that the characterization of singular self-adjoint boundary conditions involves the sesquilinear form associated with the product of Sturm-Liouville differential expressions and elements of the maximal domain of the product operators, it is an exact parallel of that in the regular case. This characterization is an extension of those obtained in [6], [7], [8], [9], [12], [14] and [15].
A note on the generalized neutral orthogonal group in dimension four
Authors: Ghanam Ryad
Published: May 2019

We study the main properties of the generalized neutral orthogonal group O(2, 2) and its Lie algebra o(2, 2). We also give an explicit isomorphism between the Lie algebras su(1, 1) ⊕ su(1, 1) and o(2, 2). We use this isomorphism to classify the subalgebras of o(2, 2).
Macrofungi of the Bieszczady Mountains
Authors: Gierczyk Błażej , Kujawa Anna , Szczepkowski Andrzej , Ślusarczyk Tomasz , Pachlewski Tomasz , Chachuła Piotr , Domian Grażyna
Published: May 2019

The Bieszczady Mts, a mountain range in SE Poland, is a hot spot of fungal richness and diversity in Poland. This paper summarizes 5 years of studies in the Bieszczady Mts, as well as previously published research. A total of 1,377 macromycetes taxa were found, including many (464) which were protected, red-listed, or very rare in Poland. Thirty-eight taxa (nine Ascomycota and 29 Basidiomycota) have been reported in Poland for the first time: Agrocybe gibberosa, Auriporia aurulenta, Bolbitius variicolor, Bulgariella pulla, Chaetosphaerella phaeostroma, Clitocybe subspadicea, Clitopilus passeckerianus, Cortinarius anomalus var. subcaligatus, C. fervidus, C. flexipes var. inolens, C. sylvae-norvegicae, Cudoniella tenuispora, Entoloma bisporigerum, E. olorinum, E. poliopus var. parvisporigerum, E. sericeoides, Galerina caulocystidiata, Gymnopilus josserandii, Hymenoscyphus subferrugineus, Hypholoma olivaceotinctum, Inocybe queletii, Laccaria altaica, Lactarius romagnesii, L. rostratus, Mycena epipterygia var. atroviscosa, M. epipterygia var. candida, M. polygramma f. candida, Octavianina lutea, O. mutabilis, Pachyella violaceonigra, Panaeolus papilionaceus var. capitatocystis, Phaeocollybia jennyae, Psathyrella almerensis, Pyrenopeziza inornata, Scutellinia torrentis, Tricholoma basirubens, Tricholomopsis flammula, and Vibrissea decolorans. For all new taxa, short descriptions based on the collected material have been provided.
Modal Analysis of Medium Calibre Barrels
Authors: LISY Peter , BRIDIK Lukáš
Published: May 2019

The paper deals with modal analysis of the two different medium calibre barrel weapons. At present time PC software which are based on FEM modal analysis enable not only create a new design but also check old design how be up to standard on the fire accuracy. Also at this time is big boom to make new armour personal carriers which are equipped with the medium weapon calibre systems. Many of them use standard design of bedding the barrel to the weapon case, however also they are created in new weapon design. The modal analysis is powerful method to describe their vibration properties which have the cardinal influence on the accuracy of fire. The barrels were modelled as 3-D objects with next configuration with aim to obtain right results and their mutual comparison. Figure 1-3 show design of the solved barrels. Modal analysis was performed by LS-DYNA software using iterative Lanczos method. In Tables 1-5, the natural frequencies for these barrels and their modifications and their corresponding own shapes are listed. Next Figures 4, 7-10, 12 show the courses natural frequencies versus modes. In Figure 11 are shown the modal shapes of the modified cylindrical weapon barrel with the armature.
Analysis of Thermal Decomposition of Solid Rocket Propellants
Authors: CEGŁA Marcin , ZMYWACZYK Janusz , KONIORCZYK Piotr
Published: May 2019

The paper presents results of thermal decomposition analysis of selected solid rocket propellants. Homogeneous propellant PAC and heterogeneous propellant H2 were subjected to simultaneous thermal analysis with the use of NETZSCH STA 2500 Regulus device with five heating rates of 2.5, 5, 7.5, 10 and 15 K/min. The method combines TG, DTG and DTA analytical techniques in a single measurement. The aim of the conducted experiments was to study thermal decomposition of these energetic materials as well as to determine activation energy of the decomposition process and the preconditioning factor from the TG curves.
The tested materials properties and chemical composition along with a brief description of the experimental procedure are described. The inverse procedure of calculating the activation energy, based on the Ozawa-Flynn-Wall model is described. Finally, the results of thermal decomposition of two tested solid rocket propellants are presented along with maximum decomposition rates and percentage of mass loss.
Experimental Testing of Aramid Composite Applied in Ballistic Armour by Ultrasonic IR Thermography
Authors: PRACHT Monika , ŚWIDERSKI Waldemar
Published: May 2019

Reference samples, in which artificial discontinuities (defects) are fabricated, are used to verify non-destructive testing procedures. Artificial discontinuities are known defects of reference samples and enable verification the feasibility of the verified NDT method for the identification of location and depth of discontinuities. Thermographic inspection of reference samples also helps to determine the required thermal input source parameters to test samples. This paper presents the results of experimental testing for ultrasonic IR thermography of defects in aramid composite laminate intended for light ballistic armour. Specimens of the aramid composite material included artificial defects and were inspected at various ultrasonic frequencies. Optical thermography and X-ray inspection were carried out on the same specimens, and their results were compared to those determined with ultrasonic IR thermography.
An Ordnance Reliability and Life Model for the Estimation of the Component Kits in Preventive Replacement in Terms of Production and Operating Costs
Authors: IDZIASZEK Zdzisław
Published: May 2019

This paper presents an outline of a method of optimising the service life of aircraft guns at the stage of design engineering and retrofitting. The essence of this method is a selection of service lives and quantities of preventively replaced components and the service parts of non-reconditionable components resulting in an overall reduction of gun production and operating costs (including the costs
of replacement parts stocks) with an improvement of the service life of the whole gun assembly. The method assumes that the service lives to be selected must meet a criterion of predefined reliability, maximum service availability when installed aboard a combat platform (i.e. an aircraft) and the minimum time to re-use.
It is pointed out that in the design engineering of preventive component replacement and the assessment of the gun selection, a criterion of total gun cost reduction shall apply; the total gun cost is construed as the cost of production/purchase and maintenance applicable to the operating mode (with the costs and time to provide replacement parts). The total gun cost should be decisive in the definition of service lives and the number of components in preventive replacement. To analyse and select the service life and the MTBR (Mean Time Between Replacements), examples of reliability and life models of guns were developed in reference to the applicable operating standards and changes in total costs. This was followed by a demonstration of an innovative model of mapping gun (production/purchase and operating) costs with a complex number plane. The method presented herein facilitates analysing and assessing the feasibility for improvement of a gun’s availability in combat field and training operations.
Design and Testing of a Sensor Data Processing Unit for Dual-Control Missile Demonstrator
Authors: BUŻANTOWICZ Witold , PIETRASIEŃSKI Jan
Published: May 2019

The article discusses aspects of the design and testing of a sensor data processing unit whose function relates to the static and dynamic stabilization of a missile airframe. The authors present a mathematical model of dual-control missile dynamics, along with the autopilot implemented on the basis of two feedback loops – from acceleration and from angular rate of the airframe. The draft of the sensor data processing unit is presented in the form of three PCB packages, with connections for the installation of electronic components. In addition, a laboratory stand used in the experimental research, as well as selected results for the device are described.
In Treatment
Authors: McAndrew Michael
Published: May 2019

The French psychoanalyst Jacques Lacan famously remarked in his Seminar VIII, Transference, that “Love is giving something you do not have to someone who does not want it”. These themes of love, and the frustration of giving something to someone who does not want it, resonate throughout the HBO original series, In Treatment, produced and directed by Rodrigo Garcia. In Treatment (which ran three seasons from 2008-2010), turns its gaze towards the psychoanalytic practice of psychologist Dr. Paul Weston (Gabriel Byrne). Each episode centres on a particular session of Paul’s many patients over the “week”. The series originally aired as a five night a week series on HBO, Monday through Friday, with a total of 43 episodes in the first season. We see Paul in his sessions with his patients, and then, generally, on Friday’s episode, we see Paul in a kind of supervision, or control analysis, so to speak.
Macular and Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer Thickness Changes in Adolescent Patients after Cataract Surgery
Authors: Siddique Mir Alam , Dev Sarma Arup Jyoti , Hasan Kamal , Sultana Nasima , Ahmed Sultana Jesmin
Published: May 2019

Purpose:

This study analyzed macular thickness (FMT) and retinal nerve fiber layer thickness (RNFL) following phaco-aspiration (PHACO) and small incision cataract surgery (SICS) in adolescent eyes.

Methods:

Macular thickness and RNFL thickness were measured using optical coherence tomography (OCT) in 52 eyes who underwent PHACO or SICS surgery. OCT measurements were done preoperatively, and on 1st, 14th, 42nd, 84th and 168th postoperative days. Eyes with any other diseases were excluded. Paired sample t-test was used to compare the parameters.

Results:

The FMT and RNFL thicknesses were found to be higher postoperatively. The SICS group had significantly higher macular thickness (233.06 ± 31.23 µm) than the PHACO group (227.33 ± 28.25 µm) on the 42nd day. The RNFL thickness in SICS was significantly higher than in PHACO and highest on the 84th postoperative day, with mean average value 95.04 ± 16.61 µm and 91.98 ± 18.22 µm respectively.

Conclusions:

This study shows that cataract surgery increases the macular and RNFL thickness. These increases are significantly higher in the SICS than in PHACO eyes on the 42nd day after surgery, which resolves gradually towards 168th day after surgery. This indicates that phaco aspiration is more preferable surgery then SICS in adolescents with regard to postoperative increase in macular and RNFL thickness.
Success Rate of Primary Probing in Congenital Nasolacrimal Duct Obstruction in Different Age Groups
Authors: Chhipa Pratistha , Sahai Anshu , Trivedi Gopal Krishna , Tyagi Lokendra , Shamshad Mohammad Abid , Gupta Shalini
Published: May 2019

Aim:

To study the success rate and safety of primary probing for Congenital Nasolacrimal Duct Obstruction (CLNDO) at various ages and to analyse the outcome of probing in different types of obstruction.

Setting and Design:

A hospital-based, prospective, interventional study.

Materials and Methods:

One hundred twelve eyes of 97 children with CNLDO in the age group of 6 to 48 months with history of epiphora (fulfilling the inclusion criteria) were included. After unsuccessful lacrimal sac massage and topical antibiotics instillation for 6 weeks or more, probing was performed under general anaesthesia by a single surgeon.

Statistical Analysis:

Bivariate analysis with selected socio demographic variables like age, sex etc was performed among groups using Chi square test.

Results:

The most common type of obstruction found on probing was membranous in 98 eyes (87.5%) and osseous in 14 eyes (12.5%). The overall success rate of primary probing in CNLDO in our study was 85.71% (95% CI: 77.8-91.6, p<0.0001). The highest success rate of 96.77% was found in the age group 6-12 months and lowest success rate of 50% was found in the age group of 24-36 months (95% CI:23.0-76.9, p=1) and 36-48 months (95% CI:1.2-98.7, p=1). This depicts that the success rate of probing decreases as the age of patient at the time of primary probing increases.

Conclusion:

As the age of children increases, the incidence of osseous type of obstruction increases, resulting in lower success rate in the older age group.
Long Term Follow Up Results of Pterygium Excision with Conjunctival Autograft using Fibrin Glue: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Veluri Haritha , Alla Stimitha , Potti Sudhakar , Khatib Nadim Liyakat
Published: May 2019

Purpose:

To determine the long term follow up results and recurrence rates after pterygium excision with conjunctival autograft using fibrin glue.

Methods:

A total of 1439 eyes operated for pterygium were retrospectively evaluated for recurrence rates and postoperative complications. Of 1434 patients, 1346 had primary pterygium, of which 1276 had nasal pterygium and 70 patients had both nasal and temporal pterygium, 93 patients had recurrent pterygium. All patients were operated using conjunctival autograft using fibrin glue and followed up for recurrences. Only cases with minimum of 6 months follow up were included in the study.

Results:

The mean recurrence rate in the primary pterygium group was 0.89% (n=12 of1346) and in the recurrent pterygium group, it was 12.9% (n=12 of 93). An overwhelming majority of conjunctival grafts were secured adequately with fibrin glue, with postoperative complications like graft displacement noted in only 0.48%(n=7). Other complications like donor site granuloma were noted in 2.36% (n=34) patients.

Conclusion:

Use of fibrin glue for securing conjunctival autografts reduces recurrence rates significantly and is safe due to fewer postoperative complications.
A Correlation of Glycemic Index and Macular Thickness After Phacoemulsification in Diabetics
Authors: Sethia Rajni , Mehta Parin K , Kothari Raghunandan , Desai Vivan , Soni Avani
Published: May 2019

Purpose:

To study the relationship between HbA1c and macular thickness using Optical coherence tomography (OCT).

Methods:

Prospective cohort study where 50 eyes of type 2 Diabetes mellitus patients with mild to moderate Non-Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy (NPDR) were included. They underwent uncomplicated phacoemulsification surgery and were divided into 3 groups based on HbA1c levels - Group 1: <6.5%, Group 2: 6.5% - 8% and group 3: >8%. Nine macular subfields as defined by Early Treatment of Diabetic Retinopathy study (ETDRS) were measured using OCT The HbA1c level of each patient was measured and compared with the macular thickness as well as visual acuity.

Result:

No correlation of HbA1c level and central foveal thickness was found in our study (p=0.554). The change in visual acuity also had no correlation with HbA1c (p>0.05). There was a significant increase in central foveal thickness at 1 month postoperatively, irrespective of HbA1c level (p=0.002, p=0.001, p=0.005).

Conclusion:

HbA1c has no impact on central foveal thickness or BCVA. Diabetics undergoing phacoemulsification show a change in central foveal thickness post operative but that may not necessarily be due to uncontrolled diabetes.
A Color Doppler Imaging Study of Ocular Haemodynamic Parameters in Normal Tension Glaucoma
Authors: Raini Atif Rahman , Ashraf Humayoun , Ashraf Mohd , Khalid Mohd , Siddiqui Ziya , Maroof Mohd
Published: May 2019

Context:

Normal tension glaucoma (NTG) is a multifactorial optic neuropathy characterized by progressive retinal ganglion cell death and glaucomatous visual field loss, even though the intraocular pressure (IOP) does not exceed the normal range.

Aim:

To evaluate the retrobulbar hemodynamic parameters in NTG patients by Color Doppler Imaging (CDI).

Settings and Design:

It was a hospital based cross-sectional institutional study carried out in the Medical College Out Patient Department (OPD).

Materials and Methods:

Twenty patients with untreated NTG (mean age 53.27 ± 11.11 years) and 23 healthy volunteers (mean age 49.39 ± 9.56 years) were included in a prospective cross-sectional institutional study. Peak systolic velocity (PSV), end-diastolic velocity (EDV) and resistivity index (RI = (PSV-EDV)/PSV) of the ophthalmic artery (OA), central retinal artery (CRA) and short posterior ciliary arteries (SPCA) were measured by means of CDI.

Statistical Analysis:

Mean, standard deviation (SD) and Independent t-test was applied.

Results:

Patients with NTG showed significantly decreased PSV (P<0.001) and EDV (P<0.001) of the OA, significantly decreased PSV (P= 0.017) and EDV (P = 0.046) of the CRA, and significant decrease in EDV (P = 0.018) of SPCA. All the three vessels showed significantly increased RI; OA (P = 0.036), CRA (P = 0.008) and SPCA (P = 0.033).

Conclusions:

We found decreased flow and increased resistivity index in the ocular vasculature in NTG and CDI may provide an effective and non-invasive method to evaluate vascular component in glaucoma.
Correlation Between Serum Lipids and Primary Open Angle Glaucoma: A Clinical Study
Authors: Dube Mihika , Chhawania P.K. , Shukla Abha , Kujur Rashmi , Tiwari U.S.
Published: May 2019

Background:

Glaucoma is a leading cause of blindness worldwide. Intraocular pressure is the primary risk factor. But in spite of control of intraocular pressure, some cases progress which strengthens the view that there must be other independent risk factors in pathogenesis of glaucoma. Serums lipids have been found to be associated with glaucoma in few studies. We carried out the present study to study the relation between serum lipids and Primary Open Angle Glaucoma (POAG).

Materials and Methods:

This study was conducted on 40 patients with POAG and 40 individuals without glaucoma (controls). Ophthalmic examination was performed in all the patients and fasting lipid profile including total cholesterol, triglycerides, Low Density Lipoproteins (LDL) and High Density Lipoproteins (HDL) were measured and analysed between the cases and controls.

Results:

Level of total cholesterol, total triglycerides, and LDL were significantly higher in cases than in controls with p value < 0.05. Level of HDL was lower in cases than in controls but it was not statistically significant.

Conclusion:

Dyslipidemia is an independent risk factor for POAG. High serum cholesterol, high serum triglycerides and high serum LDL correlate significantly with POAG.
Drug Delivery Innovation during Cataract Surgery: Are We Ready for Dropless Cataract Surgery?
Authors: Pandey Suresh K. , Sharma Vidushi
Published: May 2019

At present, drug administration options during cataract surgery include topical application. Subconjunctival application is not used now. Intracameral Injection is reserved for antibiotic supplement. Biodegradable implant had shown considerable utility in the management of retinal disorders (refractory macular edema). After the success of sustained-release drug delivery systems such as Retisert (fluocinolone acetonide intravitrealimplant0.59mg, Bausch + Lomb, USA) and Ozurdex (dexamethasone intravitreal implant 0.7 mg, Allergan, USA), various drug delivery technologies are being developed to treat diseases of the eye. Encouraged by these, different ophthalmic tissue spaces to implant these reservoir-based drug delivery systems are also being explored. Clinical trials are under way to address the efficacy of transzonular drug delivery system (dropless cataract surgery). Indian pharmaceuticals are currently working to formulate a triamcinilone and moxifloxacin combination that can be used intra-operatively during cataract surgery.
A Rare Case of Combined Vascular Block
Authors: Guliani Brahm Prakash , Saluja Komal
Published: May 2019

Papillophlebitis or central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO) of the young is a condition affecting healthy adults, less than 50 years of age. We report a case of papillophlebitis with cilioretinal artery occlusion along with its fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA) and Spectral Domain Ocular Coherence Tomography (SD-OCT) features. A 27 year old female with no systemic illness reported with sudden onset diminution of vision for 1 day. Fundus examination revealed optic nerve head edema, dilated tortuous veins and whitening of papillomacular bundle suggestive of cilioretinal artery occlusion. Fundus fluorescein angiography showed normal filling of cilioretinal artery and no arteriovenous delay. OCT showed hyperreflective inner retinal layers with obscuration of external limiting membrane. Prompt therapy with high dose intravenous steroids lead to early resolution and better visual prognosis.
A Rare Case Report of Unilateral Congenital Ectropion Uveae (CEU) with Iridotrabecular Dysgenesis, Juvenile Glaucoma and Ptosis
Authors: Harshavardhan V.K. , Mohapatra S. , Priyambada Parul , Betdur Rakesh A.
Published: May 2019

Congenital ectropion uveae is a rare disorder resulting from proliferation of iris pigment epithelium on the anterior surface of iris. We describe a case of a 28-year-old female presenting with diminution of vision in the left eye. She was using topical drugs for high intraocular pressure. On examination, visual acuity was 20/60. There was mild ptosis present along with ectropion uveae, 360 degrees around the pupillary border. Intraocular pressure was 32 mm Hg. On fundoscopy, there was glaucomatous cupping with superior notching of the disc. Gonioscopy revealed an open angle with anterior insertion of iris over trabecular meshwork. Visual field analysis showed inferior arcuate scotoma. Examination of the right eye revealed no abnormality and visual acuity was 20/20. No systemic illness was found. The fall in IOP in the left eye following medical treatment remained unsatisfactory. Hence, trabeculectomy was performed. Following a period of 3 months post trabeculectomy, control of IOP was achieved (15 mm Hg). It is important to evaluate for glaucoma in congenital ectropion uveae cases to prevent blindness in young patients and improve their prognosis.
Bilateral Anophthalmia Plus Syndrome: A Case Report
Authors: Kumar Nilesh , Tenagi Aravind L. , Powar Rajesh , Niharika
Published: May 2019

The objective is to report a case of a 1-year old male who was born to non-consanguineous marriage with a history of varicella zoster (chickenpox) infection in the first trimester of pregnancy, having cleft lip and palate and bilateral microphthalmia with bilateral congenital cysts with malformed orbits, and ill-developed maxillary sinuses.
Choroidal Metastasis as the First Sign of Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Lung
Authors: Singh Priyanka , Gandhi Aastha , Dabas Smriti , Sarkar L.
Published: May 2019

Metastatic tumours of uvea are intra-ocular malignancies in adults, and the choroid is by far the most common site for intra-ocular malignancies. The incidence of ocular metastases from lung cancer is reported to be 2-7%. Loss of visual acuity as a primary symptom in lung cancer is very rare. We present a non-interventional case report of a 45 year old male patient having extensive choroidal metastasis with retinal detachment who was diagnosed as having squamous cell carcinoma of the lung. This case report highlights the importance of subjecting a patient with choroidal metastasis without a known primary to systemic investigations as well as imaging.
Micropulse Laser in Glaucoma
Authors: Pandey Alka
Published: May 2019

A new type of diode laser-Cyclo G6 or the micropulse laser is helpful in reducing the intraocular pressure in glaucoma. It is a 810 diode laser from Iridex Corporation similar to the trans-scleral cyclophotocoagulation (TSCPC) laser but with a difference. The laser is delivered in a continuous wave fashion in TSCPC whereas in micropulse, it is delivered in short bursts with an “on time”and an “off time”. This “off time” helps the target tissue to cool down in between, thereby greatly reducing thermal damage. Thus, this could prove to be an excellent non-surgical option for glaucoma patients.
Optical Coherence Tomography of Adult-Onset Foveomacular Vitelliform Dystrophy Concomitant with Diabetic Cystoid Macular Edema
Authors: Tekin Kemal , Uzel Mehmet Murat , Teke Mehmet Yasin
Published: May 2019

Purpose:

To report an unusual appearance on Spectralis optical coherence tomography (OCT) finding: bilateral adult-onset foveomacular vitelliform dystrophy (AFVD) concomitant with diabetic cystoid macular edema.

Case Description:

Fundus examination of a 55 year-old patient demonstrated a round, elevated yellowish lesion centered by a pigmented spot, widespread intraretinal microaneurysms and dot-blot hemorrhages with a small number of hard exudates in the both eyes. OCT scans of both eyes disclosed that the foveal retina was raised by a hyperreflective material which was located between the retina pigment epithelium and the photoreceptor layer with a persistent posterior hyaloid attachment, exerting adhesion on the fovea in the both eyes. Moreover, multiple hyperreflective retinal dots which had shadowing effects and cystoid macular edema without subretinal fluid were revealed in OCT images. Additionally, fundus autofluorescence (FAF) imaging demonstrated that the vitelliform lesions were hyper-autofluorescence in the fovea which were compatible with accumulation of lipofuscin while the hemorrhages were seen as hypo-autofluorescence dots in both eyes.

Conclusion:

Diabetic cystoid macular edema may rarely accompany AFVD; OCT and FAF are helpful diagnostic imaging techniques to identify this condition.
Accessory Lower Lid Lacrimal Puncta
Authors: Sharma Smriti , Tomar Mandeep , Tuli Rajeev , Dhiman Richa , Singh Maninder , Sharma Ankush
Published: May 2019

A 40 year old female presented with a history of watering in her left eye for the last 6 months. Her visual acuity was 6/6 bilaterally. On slit lamp examination there were presence of 2 puncta on the left lower lid. One of the punctum was slit like and the other punctum was round. On syringing, it was found that both the puncta were patent. Fluorescence dye disappearance test was done which revealed early disappearance of dye from the left eye as compared to the right eye. Dacrocystography was done which showed single patent nasolacrimal duct.
A Case Study of Two Siblings of Waardenburg Syndrome
Authors: Katoch Kritika , Dhiman Indu , Sharma Gaurav
Published: May 2019

Waardenburg syndrome is a rare genetically heterogenous disorder of neural crest cell development. Six distinctive features comprising this syndrome include: (1) telecanthus, (2) broad nasal root, (3) synophrys of the eyebrows, (4) a white forelock, (5) heterochromiairides, and (6) deaf-mutism. Waaredenburg syndrome has four subtypes depending upon clinical presentation. A careful clinical evaluation should be done to differentiate various types of Waardenburg syndrome and other associated auditory-pigmentary syndrome. We here report two cases of classical features of Waardenburg syndrome in siblings.
Bilateral Non-Arteritic Anterior Ischemic Optic Neuropathy in a Young Male
Authors: Kanhere Minal , Ramakrishnan Reshma , Choudhary Ayushi
Published: May 2019

A 43 year old diabetic male presented with complaints of blurring of peripheral vision, in the left more than right eye, since a couple of months. Best corrected visual acuity was 6/9 in the right eye and 6/24 in the left eye. Dilated fundus examination showed a slightly edematous disc superiorly with a cup:disc ratio of 0.1:1 in the right eye and nasal disc pallor with a cup:disc ratio of 0.1:1 in the left eye. Visual fields examination was suggestive of a partial inferior altitudinal defect in the left eye. OCT showed nerve fibre layer thinning and cup:disc ratio of 0.14:1 in the left eye. A diagnosis of bilateral NAION was made. Serum cholesterol levels were raised. VEP was advised which was suggestive of bilateral axonopathic optic neuropathy. The patient was started on a combination of Syndopa-Carbidopa, Aspirin and Atorvastatin. On follow-up, visual acuity improved to 6/12 in the left eye. Field defect was reduced slightly compared to the previous examination. The pathogenesis of NAION remains unclear but may involve ischemia to the optic nerve head from insufficient perfusion of the short posterior ciliary arteries. The most important structural risk factor is a small and crowded disc. The presentation in young patients is similar to elderly patients having classical AION. Prompt diagnosis and management gives a better chance of visual improvement in younger patients.
A Case of Traumatic Phacocele in a Patient with Aniridia
Authors: Tomar Mandeep , Sharma Gaurav , Sood Tarun , Sharma Vandna , Dhiman Richa , Singh Bhup
Published: May 2019

An 18 year old boy with bilateral aniridia presented to us with a history of trauma to his left eye with a ball. Visual acuity was finger counting at 1 metre OD and perception of light OS. Past records revealed history of cataract surgery and intraocular lens implantation for congenital cataract in his right eye 8 years back and superiorly subluxated crystalline lens in left eye. Slit lamp examination showed presence of a bluish white subconjunctival mass superonasally in his left eye. The right eye had aniridia associated keratopathy, epithelial downgrowth and posterior capsular opacification. Exploration revealed a scleral perforation and phacocele. During suturing and repositioning of the prolapsed uveal tissue, non expulsive hemorrhage occurred which was managed and closure of the wound was done. Postoperatively, the eye was hypotonous with visual acuity of perception of light. We concluded that traumatic phacocele is a rare event and in patients with Aniridia, it is a surgical challenge because of tissue weakness that may lead to excessive bleeding, difficulty in suturing, and slow wound healing. Our main aim should be to extract the phacocele and maintain the globe integrity in such cases.
‘BOMBILE’ [Blast of Mobile Battery in Living Eye] Eye Injury – A Newer Threat to Sight
Authors: Kumar Arvind , Gupta Prabha , Shukla Abha
Published: May 2019

Mobile battery blast is a highly underestimated etiology for severe ocular morbidity. We present a series of four eyes of three patients with morbidity ranging from corneal burn to open globe injuries, leading to blindness. Cases of mobile blast are increasing due to poor quality equipments and mishandling (over & faulty charging of batteries). There is urgent need to create awareness in society for safe and proper handling of mobile phone, reducing the incidence of preventable blinding trauma.
Vitamin B12 Deficiency Induced Optic Neuropathy
Authors: Anand O.P. , Choudhary S.K. , Gupta Saloni
Published: May 2019

Vitamin B12 has several vital roles in the body. Optic neuropathy secondary to vitamin B12 deficiency occurs in less than 1% of B12 deficient patients. Our case is a young patient presenting with progressive painless bilateral decrease of vision with optic disc congestion and central scotomas on both visual fields. After ruling out other possible causes of optic neuropathy, the patient was treated with injectable vitamin B12 on the basis of blood investigations. The patient experienced significant visual recovery.
Perforated Shield Ulcer with Secondary Bacterial Superinfection in a Case of Severe Vernal Keratoconjunctivitis
Authors: Banigallapati Shashidhar , Bevara Akhil , Khatib Nadim , Potti Sudhakar
Published: May 2019

Secondary bacterial keratitis may rarely be associated with a shield ulcer in a case of Vernal Keratoconjunctivitis. A perforated ulcer in such a case should be promptly investigated and surgically treated immediately to prevent permanent vision loss and other complications. We report such a case of perforated shield ulcer with secondary Pseudomonas keratitis following a supratarsal injection of Triamcinolone acetonide in a case of Vernal Keratoconjunctivitis.
The Effect of Processing on Ascorbic Acid and Dehydroascorbic Acid in Different Varieties of Yam
Authors: Ola O. I. , Opaleye S. O.
Published: May 2019

The effect of some processing method on the ascorbic acid and dehydroascorbic acid content of two cultivars of yam (Dioscorea rotundata and D. cayenensis) were investigated. The processing method adopted were cooking, frying and roasting. The assay of ascorbic acid in the two cultivars ranged from (5.0 – 9.2 mg / 100 g fresh tissue). The moisture contents of the processed samples ranged from 40-55% for D. rotundata and 48-60% for D.cayenensis except for roasted samples which had a moisture content of 30% for the two cultivars of yam.  The pH values were similar in all the varieties examined. The level of ascorbic acid after 0 - 8 days of storage ranged from 5.2 - 7.3 mg / 100 g fresh tissue on a moisture -free basis (mfb). The dehydroascorbic acid content varied from 5.0 - 9.2 mg / 100 g fresh tissue on a moisture- free basis. The retention in ascorbic acid and dehydroascorbic acid of the various treatments ranged from 4.9 - 6.2 mg / 100 g and 5.2 - 8.9 mg / 100 g respectively. Thus, different processing methods has contributed to the loss of ascorbic acid with the highest loss observed when the yam samples were roasted and least loss when they were fried.
Screening for Hypertension and Diabetes in an Underserved Population through Community Outreach; A Case of Rural Community in Enugu State, Nigeria
Authors: Obinna C. Onodugo , Elias C. Aniwada , Nkeiru P. Onodugo
Published: May 2019

Introduction: Hypertension and Diabetes are the commonest co-morbidity of each other and are among the principal cause of the burden of non-communicable diseases in developing countries. It is important to identify patients with these conditions early in the disease process. This study was

to determine the prevalence of elevated Blood Pressure (BP) and elevated Fasting Blood Sugar (FBS) as well as relate it to the characteristics of the study participants in a rural community in Enugu State, Nigeria.

Methods: Community based cross-sectional study in form of outreach was done. The study was conducted over 1 week period among participants aged 18 years and above. Proforma was used in collecting information on characteristics of participants including age, sex and occupation. Measurements of BP, FBS and BMI were done. Chi square test and Binary Logistic Regression were used for analysis.

Results: Majority of participants were aged > 45 years 127(56.7%), and females 139(62.1%),Mean(SD) 46.89((21.84) Elevated BP 55(24.6%), elevated FBS 42(18.8%), both elevated BP and FBS. 13(5.8%). higher proportion of those aged > 45 years had elevated BP 51(92.7%) and elevated FBS 37(88.1%). More Females had elevated BP 35(63.6%) and elevated FBS 28(66.7%). Predictors were; age >45 years for elevated BP (AOR 18.4; 95% CI 5.7-59.5) and for have elevated FBS (AOR 8.9; 95% CI 3.0-26.5).

Conclusion: Prevalence of raised BP and FBS as well as co-morbid condition was high. It was more among females and older age. Age was a predictor of both raised BP and FBS. This calls for interventional programmes that will assist in limiting the increasing burden of the diseases in rural communities.
Socio-demographic and Obstetric Variations of T. gondii and HIV-1 Co-infection among Pregnant Women in Cameroon
Authors: Abongwa Lem Edith , Signang Alberic , Tibi Sharon , Ngenwi Annabella
Published: May 2019

Aim: This study, aimed to identify the seroprevalence of T. gondii and HIV-1 co-infection in pregnant women in the Northwest Region of Cameroon.

Study Design:  This cross-sectional study was conducted among 606 pregnant women attending antenatal clinic in the Northwest region of Cameroon.

Place and Duration of Study: This study was carried out at the Bamenda Regional Hospital from May 2017 to December 2017.

Methodology: Venous blood samples were collected for the detection of anti-Toxoplasma antibodies using rapid test kits while HIV was determine using Alere Determine™HIV-1/2 test kit and OraQuick HIV 1/2 Rapid Antibody Test kit for confirmation. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 23 statistical package. P-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results: The mean (SD) age was 27.3 (5.3) years. The prevalence of T. gondii and HIV-1 was 139 (22.9%) and 70(11.6%) respectively, while that of T. gondii and HIV-1 co-infection was 31(5.1%). With the exception of age group and gestational age that was significant (p<0.05) for HIV, socio-demographic and obstetrical characteristics of T. gondii, HIV-1 and T. gondii and HIV-1 co-infection prevalence did not show any significant differences (p>0.05).

Conclusions: The high prevalence of T. gondii and HIV-1 co-infection seen in this study demonstrates the need for routine antenatal screening for both infections. In addition, data from this study will be useful in designing control and prevention strategies against these diseases. Furthermore, the result will also be used as baseline data for further research on T. gondii and HIV-1 co-infection.