bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Development of the RF power distribution system for the ILC prototype cryomodule
Authors: Joshi Prakash , Kako Eiji , Matsumoto Toshihiro , Michizono Shinichiro , Omet Mathieu , Yamamoto Yasuchika
Published: December 2024

The sub-local power distribution system (sub-LPDS) for the International Linear Collider (ILC) is being redesigned to satisfy the requirements. Its main features are a design with sub-LPDS within the cryomodule (CM) length, a low center of gravity, and a reduced number of waveguide components. Further, we considered to update the ILC power distribution system based on the ILC prototype design. The ILC prototype CM bunker wall’s thickness will likely be limited, so a sub-LPDS with low field-emission was also designed. The sub-LPDS is planned to be mounted onto the CMs before tunnel installation at the ILC. Therefore, a prototype sub-LPDS support system was designed. A test assembly was conducted to better understand the installation process and space requirements. Furthermore, a concept of a sub-LPDS without a circulator was introduced. This concept was evaluated by analytical calculations, simulations, and low-power tests.
Development of a half-meter scale Traveling-Wave (TW) SRF cavity
Authors: Furuta Fumio , Kazakov Sergey , Khabiboulline Timergali , McGee Kellen , Ng Trista , Yakovlev Vyacheslav
Published: December 2024

Traveling-wave (TW) technology can push the accelerator field gradient of niobium SRF cavity to 70 MV/m or higher beyond the fundamental limit of 50~60 MV/m in Standing-Wave regime. The 1st demonstration of TW resonance excitation in a proof-of-principle 3-cell SRF cavity in 2 K liquid helium was successfully carried out at Fermilab in collaboration with Euclid Techlabs [1]. In parallel with that, the RF design process of 0.5~1 meter scale TW cavity was begun at Fermilab for advancing TW technologies necessary more for future accelerator-scale one. Considering the physical dimensions of existing SRF facilities (for fabrication, processing, and cryogenic testing) and the lessons learned from the 3-cell, Fermilab has proposed a preliminary RF design of a half-meter scale TW SRF cavity [2]. It consists of a 7-cell structure and a power feedback waveguide (WG) loop with new RF configurations to control TW resonance. Here we report a preliminary RF design, development plans, and activities toward a TW 7-cel SRF cavity.
Commercialization and Fundamental Research of Waste Heat Recovery Technology using Adsorption Heat Storage Materials
Authors: Kono Yuichi , Mitoya Goh , Suzuki Masaya , Manpuku Kazuko , Kokubo Takashi , Tanino Masayuki , Sato Gen , Muraoka Shinichi , Takahashi Fukumi , Anetai Yasunori , Odaira Hisashi , Kikuchi Kazuya , Yoshioka Masakazu , Narita Shinya , Yoshimoto Noriyuki , Fujisaki Satomi , Takeda Yoichi , Hirosawa Ichiro
Published: December 2024

Based on the Green ILC concept, an R & D program is underway to recover and utilize thermal energy emitted from the cooling water of ILC facilities. Iwate Prefecture, where the ILC Kitakami candidate site is located, is 80% mountainous, which is not suitable for online transportation of thermal energy. In order to effectively utilize the thermal energy emitted from the ILC facilities, a thermal energy circulation model suitable for such regional characteristics is required. We are aiming to commercialize an offline waste heat circulation model that utilizes an innovative adsorptive thermal storage material, ”HASClay", which can utilize low-grade waste heat of 50-100°C. So far, we have developed a portable container that can hold approximately 10 kg of dry HASClay and have evaluated its heat storage and emission performance. On the other hand, one of the issues for practical use is to elucidate the mechanism of water vapor adsorption/desorption on the microstructure of "HASClay". Here, we discuss two issues: (1) a demonstration test for commercialization of a thermal energy circulation model and (2) basic research to understand the structure and adsorption/desorption mechanism of "HASClay" using synchrotron radiation.
Tracking Performance Studies for Future Circular Collider (FCCee) with CLD Detector
Authors: Sadowski Gaelle , Andrea Jeremy , Besson Auguste , El Bitar Ziad
Published: December 2024

The Future Circular Collider electron-positron (FCCee) feasibility study involves assessing the capabilities and performances of potential detector configurations. This study focuses on the impact of various detector parameters on tracking performances. Specifically, the influence of different geometries, material budgets, and magnetic field strengths on the precision and efficiency of tracking performance within the CLIC-Like Detector is investigated.

Tracking performance is evaluated using full simulations. This study provides valuable insights into optimising the design parameters of the FCCee detector to achieve high tracking performance, contributing essential information for the ongoing FCCee feasibility study and future collider detector development.
Longitudinal structure optimization for a high density electromagnetic calorimeter
Authors: Borysov Oleksandr , Huang Shan , Zembaczyński Kamil , Żarnecki Aleksander Filip
Published: December 2024

High density electromagnetic sandwich calorimeters with high readout granularity are considered for many future colliders and fix-target experiments. Optimization of the calorimeter structure from the point of view of the electromagnetic shower energy, position and direction measurement is one of the key aspects of the design. However, mostly uniform sampling structures were considered so far. We developed a semi-analytical approach to study calorimeter performance based on the detailed Geant 4 simulation, which also allows comparing the expected performance for different non-uniform longitudinal readout structures. For multi-objective optimization, a procedure based on the genetic algorithm is complemented with non dominated sorting algorithm. This methodology opens new prospects for a calorimeter design optimization, directly addressing specific measurement scenarios or optimization goals.
Particle-flow reconstruction with Transformer
Authors: Wahlen Paul , Suehara Taikan
Published: December 2024

Transformers are one of the recent big achievements of machine learning, which enables realistic communication on natural language processing such as ChatGPT, as well as being applied to many other fields such as image processing. The basic concept of the Transformer is to learn relation between two objects by a self-attention mechanism. This structure is especially efficient with large input samples and large number of learnable parameters. We are studying this architecture applied to the particle-flow method, which reconstructs particles by clustering hits at highly-segmented calorimeters. Using datasets consisting of one or two initial photons, the network is asked to predict clusters one by one using hits from the calorimeters as input. Truth clusters information are provided at learning stage to compare with the decoder output. The best model reconstructed one photon events with a relative error on the energy of 5% and direction differing from the ground truth by 2.98 ◦. Moreover, the model achieved an accuracy of 99.6% when asked to separate one and two photons events.

This work was carried out in the framework of the ILD Concept Group
The Interdisciplinary Aortic Team: Opportunities for Collaboration in Acute Aortic Syndromes
Authors: Sherk William M. , Khaja Minhaj S. , Patel Himanshu J. , Williams David M.
Published: December 2024

Interdisciplinary teams offer potential advantages over siloed care models in complex cardiovascular disease management. Consensus guidelines for aortic management have increasingly identified the interdisciplinary aortic team as a key component in delivering quality care. Acute aortic syndromes are a subset of high acuity and lethal aortic pathologies that may benefit from an interdisciplinary approach. The advantages of the interdisciplinary aortic team model in the management of acute aortic syndromes and barriers to implementation are discussed.
Comprehensive Mendelian Randomization Analysis of Smoking and Its Effects on Venous Thromboembolism
Authors: Li Yuhong , Tong Ling , Zhang Youqian , Huang Birun , Zhu Liping
Published: December 2024

An increasing number of Mendelian randomization (MR) studies have evaluated the causal link between smoking and venous thromboembolism (VTE). However, previous studies often rely on single genetic variants related to smoking quantity and exhibit various other shortcomings, making them prone to pleiotropy and potentially leading to imprecise causal estimates. Thus, the deeper causal mechanisms remain largely unexplored. This MR study reassessed the causal relationship between smoking and VTE, including its subtypes—deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE). Data on VTE were sourced from the FinnGen consortium with nonoverlapping sample sizes. The smoking phenotypes analyzed included smoking initiation, lifetime smoking, the number of cigarettes smoked per day by both current and former smokers (CigDay), and total pack-years of smoking in adulthood. The primary analytical method was inverse-variance-weighted (IVW), supplemented by multiple verification methods to ensure robust results. Statistical rigor was ensured through LDtrait pruning and Steiger filtering for reverse causation, with comprehensive sensitivity analyses including RadialMR confirming the findings' robustness. After Bonferroni correction, this study demonstrates significant causal evidence linking lifetime smoking with the incidence of VTE (odds ratio [OR]IVW = 1.50, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.21–1.85, p = 1.75 × 10−4) and PE (ORIVW = 1.69, 95% CI 1.25–2.28, p = 6.55 × 10−4), and suggestive evidence with DVT, consistent in direction with previous studies but showing considerable differences in effect sizes and significance. Additionally, CigDay (past and current) increases the risks of VTE and DVT, while no causal link was found between smoking initiation and VTE or its subtypes (p < 0.05), both directly contradicting previous conclusions. Furthermore, our study is the first to suggest a causal link between pack-years and an increased risk of VTE. This MR study employed rigorous statistical pruning of its instrumental variables, using the most comprehensive smoking phenotype to date. It successfully mitigated biases such as winner's curse, yielding causal effect results distinct from previous studies.
A new application of the kinetic type theory in immunology
Authors: Kolev Mikhail , Nikolova Iveta , Lazarova Meglena , Stoilova Stanislava
Published: December 2024

The kinetic type theory for active particles is a methodology actively used for modeling processes and phenomena in biology and life sciences. One of the fields of its application is immunology, in particular the processes observed in the competition between immune system and foreign antigens. In this paper we present a new mathematical model describing such a complex system and possible occurrence of contemporary diseases. Preliminary qualitative analysis of the model is presented. The role of some of the main model parameters is studied using simulations.
Combined electron and proton radiation effects on solar cells for earth orbit
Authors: Gurimskaya Yana , Fedoseyev Alex , Herasimenka Stanislau
Published: December 2024

We present a computational approach for accurate calculations of the combined effects of electron and proton radiation in space, tailored to a specific orbit and accounting for the full range of particle energies. The radiation-induced defect formation is shown to depend on the NIEL (Non-Ionizing Energy Loss), which reflects the small fraction of particle energy (from electrons, protons or other ions) lost through the ionisation of the material. The model developed by the Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) for predicting solar cell degradation based on NIEL aligns closely with the results from the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL). However, the JPL model involves a more comprehensive methodology, incorporating experimental validation.

To determine the energy dependence of NIEL, S(E), for both electrons and protons, we use the ESA NIEL calculation tool. This computational process involves assessing the radiation environment and its effects with an assistance from SPENVIS — a simulation platform developed by ESA/NASA for generating spacecraft trajectories in LEO, MEO or GEO. Proton and electron fluxes are simulated using the International Radiation Environment Near Earth (IRENE) model within SPENVIS. This model offers various calculation options — such as mean, percentile, perturbed or Monte Carlo simulations — based on the mission duration and launch date.

The resulting proton and electron fluences, both integral and differential, are used to calculate the Displacement Damage Dose (DDD). This is achieved by integrating the product of NIEL with the differential fluences over the relevant particles energy range.

To enhance efficiency, specialized software tools have been developed to extract particle fluxes and fluences from SPENVIS, interpolate them and perform the necessary integration to obtain DDD values for protons, electrons and the combined DDD. Equivalent fluences for defined energy ranges are also provided, enabling detailed, mission-specific radiation analyses. These tools streamline the evaluation of the radiation environment and its impact on solar cells, determining the design and material choices for mission planning and providing the data to predict space power generation throughout the mission’s duration.
On the Estimation of Measurement Errors in Noise Studies of a Centrifugal Fan
Authors: Nikolaev I N , Mihova V A , Kovachev N Y , Pavlov V T
Published: December 2024

The main objective of the present work is to describe an experimental setup to study the noise characteristics during centrifugal fan operation and the error of the measured quantities used to estimate the noise at different operating modes. The apparatus makes it possible to study the performance of the fan with impellers of different blade geometries. Determination of the error of the measured quantities is necessary in order to be able to take it into account later in the analysis of different experimental data.
Pre-eruption Deformation Prior to 2018 Eruption of Anak Krakatau Volcano
Authors: Adiwijaya Raihan F. , Sidiq Teguh P. , Kriswati Estu
Published: December 2024

Anak Krakatau is an active volcano situtated in Sunda Strait between Sumatera and Java that is frequently erupts. In 2018, Anak Krakatau eruupted where its eruptions destroys its western and south western flank that created a tsunami that swept across western Banten Province and southern Lampung Province, killed hundreds of casualties and destroyed homes in the shorelines. With the use of Differential InSAR analysis, we observe the dynamics of activity of Anak Krakatau starting from January 2018 until December 2019. To observe the unrest of Anak Krakatau prior and after the eruption, we’re using radar satellite imagery from Sentinel 1 from European Space Agency with temporal baseline every 12 days with total of 60 images being used. These images then processed using differential Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (DInSAR) method and then being analysed the ups and downs patterns between 12-day-pairs. From our observation, deformation signals appeared in some interferogram pairs prior to eruption in December 2018. We also find that the activity of Anak Krakatau still rising after the eruption of 2018, showed by the upward trend that happened in the point samples near the vent. The graph analysed from InSAR pairs also show that there is a pattern of inflation and subsidence that shows the activity of Anak Krakatau. It is suggested that the supply from magma chamber played a role in the uplift of Anak Krakatau that happened in the time of our observation. We conclude that the activity of Anak Krakatau was detected prior the eruption and still not decline and will going to be active in some more time.
Comparison of Airborne Magnetic and Ground Magnetic for Identification of Sub-surface Condition Study Case Sand Caldera of Bromo-Tengger Volcanic Complex : Preliminary Study
Authors: Pandu Gya Nur Rochman Juan , Nurdiansyah Buwonokeling Wahyu , Haris Miftahul Fajar M. , Hilyah Anik , Desa Warnana Dwa , Lestari Wien , Komara Eki , Ariyanti Nita , Maulana Azhali Firmansyah
Published: December 2024

The Bromo-Tengger Volcano Complex is a popular geotourism destination characterized by volcanic activity also unique geological and geomorphology settings. However, limited geophysical investigations have been conducted in this area, particularly using magnetic methods, to understand the subsurface conditions. Thus, this study aims to compare geophysical methods which are airborne and ground magnetic survey methods to identify the sub-surface conditions of Bromo-Tengger Volcano Complex. Airborne magnetic measurements were conducted using a Geotron Proton Precision Magnetometer G5 as the base and a Sensys Magdrone R3 with a DJI M600 drone as the rover with 5 ms of spacing, providing rapid coverage of large areas and minimizing interference. Ground magnetic measurements were taken using only a Geotron Proton Precision Magnetometer G5 for base and rover with 200 meters of spacing. Ground magnetic measurements serve as a comparison to assess resolution and potential data loss caused by factors such as flight altitude and data sampling rate. Combining both magnetic survey measurements enables a comprehensive understanding of the magnetic properties of the surveyed area. The airborne magnetic survey produced 2,097,134 data points in just two days, while the ground magnetic survey produced only 174 points in ten days. Although the airborne magnetic survey is less detailed, it can effectively interpret the subsurface conditions. On the other hand, the ground magnetic survey provides high-resolution results but is affected by local noise and temporal changes. Both surveys identified high anomalies in the southern and northeastern regions, which were interpreted as basalt lava flows. Medium anomalies are believed to be early pyroclastic fall deposits, while low anomalies indicate subsurface volcanic activity. Overall, the results of the airborne magnetic survey correlate well with the ground magnetic survey, making it a viable and time-saving alternative to large-scale magnetic measurements.
Analysis of Shoreline Dynamics Using Remote Sensing Landsat Time Series on The Sidoarjo and Pasuruan Coastal Areas
Authors: Ayu Retno Mukti Dyah , Lolita Sari Inggit , Azizah Luthfia
Published: December 2024

Coastal areas as a transition area between land and water plays an important role for coastal ecosystems habitat. Yet, the coastal areas are directly affected by surrounding activities from natural changes or human activities that cause dynamics of its coastline areas. Various coastal activities occurred in the estuary areas of Porong River (Kali Porong) in Sidoarjo Regency. Porong’s River has been the main river for discharging hot mud to anticipate the Lapindo Mud Embankment remaining stable since 2006 in response to the drilling incident by PT Lapindo Brantas. The presence of mud sediment carried in the Porong River impacted the shoreline dynamics at the river mouth, one of which caused the appearance of Lusi Island covering out an area of 94 hectares in 2013. Through this research, analysis was carried out using remote sensing methods and Digital Shoreline Analysis System (DSAS) tools to determine the value of changes (dynamics) of coastlines that occur in the Sidoarjo and Pasuruan coastal areas. Landsat imageries were applied for monitoring the shoreline dynamics for short data range (4 to 8 months) and long data range for annual monitoring between 2019 and 2022. The highest shoreline dynamics average value (highest accretion) for short data range was 52.699 meters and the lowest average value highest abrasion) was −34.116 meters. The highest shoreline dynamics average value (highest accretion) for long data range was 21.664 meters. Using a narrower (short) data range show more detailed trends of the shoreline changes. While varied shoreline dynamics using long periods of time were more effective using long data range. This study also produced modelling future shoreline in the Sidoarjo and Pasuruan coastal areas over 10 years up to 2035.
Determining the Location of Coastal Protection Structures in Sealing with Sedimentation Problems using Hydrodynamic Modeling
Authors: Rafly Rahardian Muhammad , Aulia De Silva Nusantara Candida
Published: December 2024

Lamong Bay is a water area located between the coasts of Gresik and Surabaya. The geographical condition, which is the estuary of several rivers, makes this bay area face sedimentation problems. The process of sedimentation is caused by the movement of sediment, which is divided into 3 types: Bed Load, Suspended Load, and Wash Load. The relatively gentle slope of the topography also affects the accumulation of sediment. One very effective solution in dealing with sedimentation is the existence of coastal protection structures. The existence of coastal structures aims to resist the movement of sediments influenced by ocean currents. Thus, this study aims to determine the type and location of coastal protection structures in reducing the rate of sediment transport in the study area. The method used is numerical modeling using Delft3D software. Modeling validation is done by finding the deviation value of the modeled tides with tides from the BIG tide station. The validation calculation method uses statistical calculations with the Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) method, Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE), and R correlation to find the relationship between modeling and measurement. Sediment types in the Lamong Bay area consist of silt, clay, and sand, with the largest composition in the silt type at 84%. Alternative 1, where the structure is placed in the south of the bay area, shows a cumulative sedimentation value of 0.130 m, while alternative 2 in the north shows 0.180 m. Hence, alternative 1 is more effective. This study contributes to SDG 9 by promoting resilient infrastructure to manage sedimentation issues effectively.
Influence of faceplate thickness reduction on the strength of sandwich structure under static compression loading
Authors: Siswanti H , Musta’in M , Mulananda A M , Nasrudin A , Aldara D R
Published: December 2024

Sandwich structures are increasingly used to replace conventional stiffened plate ship structures. The sandwich plate thickness design is determined based on the strength index (R) value. The sandwich plate thickness design is flexible because the core and faceplate thicknesses can be changed according to the desired safety factor. This faceplate and core thickness difference has influenced structural strength, deformation, weight, and other structural characteristics. This study analysed the effect of different faceplate thicknesses on the performance of sandwich structures on barge decks subject to static compression loading. The performance of the sandwich structure on the deck carrying bulk cargo under several loading conditions was evaluated using the finite element method to obtain a general consideration in determining the faceplate thickness for the sandwich structure. Reducing faceplate thickness significantly reduces weight, but it is also essential to prioritize strength to ensure the sandwich structures are safe, efficient, and compliant with all necessary standards and regulations.
Strong solution of stochastic differential equations with discontinuous and unbounded coefficients
Authors: Hu Yaozhong , Shi Qun
Published: December 2024

In this paper we study the existence and uniqueness of strong solution of the following

d
d

-dimensional stochastic differential equation (SDE) driven by Brownian motion:
<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="d upper X Subscript t Baseline equals b left-parenthesis t comma upper X Subscript t Baseline right-parenthesis d t plus sigma left-parenthesis t comma upper X Subscript t Baseline right-parenthesis d upper B Subscript t Baseline comma upper X 0 equals x comma">

d

X
t

=
b
(
t
,

X
t

)
d
t
+
σ
(
t
,

X
t

)
d

B
t

,

X
0

=
x
,

\begin{equation*} dX_t=b(t,X_t)dt+\sigma (t,X_t)dB_t, X_0=x, \end{equation*}

where

B
B

is a

d
d

-dimensional standard Brownian motion; the diffusion coefficient

σ
\sigma

is a Hölder continuous and uniformly nondegenerate

d
×
d

d\times d

matrix-valued function and the drift coefficient

b
b

may be discontinuous and unbounded, not necessarily in

L

p
q

\mathbb {L}_p^q

, extending the previous works to discontinuous and unbounded drift coefficient situation. The idea is to combine the Zvonkin’s transformation with the Lyapunov function approach. Zvonkin’s transformation is a one-to-one (and quasi-isometric) transformation of a phase space that allows us to pass from a diffusion process with nonzero drift coefficient to a process without drift. To this end, we need to establish a local version of the connection between the solutions of the SDE up to the exit time of a bounded connected open set

D
D

and the associated partial differential equation on this domain. As an interesting by-product, we establish a localized version of the Krylov estimates and a localized version of the stability result of the SDEs of discontinuous coefficients.
The relationship between remnant cholesterol and low testosterone in adult males
Authors: Wang Zhaoxiang , Shen Liwen , Wu Menghuan , Yang Qichao
Published: December 2024

Background

Remnant cholesterol (RC) is the cholesterol of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins, which has a high degree of atherogenic effect.

Aim

This study investigates the association between RC and low testosterone in male adults in the United States.

Methods

Data were drawn from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2013-2014 and 2015-2016 cycles, focusing on males aged over 20. RC was measured as the difference between total cholesterol (TC) and the sum of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c). Analyses between RC and low testosterone included logistic regression, subgroup assessment, smooth curve fitting, and mediation analysis.

Outcomes

Low testosterone was defined by a serum testosterone level below 300 ng/dL in male adults.

Results

Out of the 2248 participants, 442 exhibited low testosterone levels. Those deficient in testosterone demonstrated notably higher RC levels (P < 0.001). A direct relationship between RC and low testosterone was evident (OR = 1.02, 95% CI: 1.01–1.03, P < 0.001), and smooth curve fitting revealed a linear trend. Subgroup analysis did not identify any special populations. Moreover, body mass index (BMI) and HOMA-IR was found to partially mediate this relationship.

Clinical Implications

Evaluating low testosterone in individuals with high RC levels can be beneficial. Similarly, monitoring lipid profiles, particularly RC levels, in patients with low testosterone might be important for preventing cardiovascular diseases.

Strengths & Limitations

This study uses data from NHANES, which is nationally representative and has a large sample size. However, the causal relationship needs further investigation due to the cross-sectional design of this study.

Conclusion

This nationwide study provides initial evidence of a close correlation between RC and the risk of low testosterone.
From house museum to virtual reality: memory, space, and material culture study in Sir John Soane’s Museum
Authors: Zhang Haitang , Song Lei
Published: December 2024

The relevance of the study was determined by the need to reevaluate traditional approaches to working with historical spaces and artefacts in the context of the digital transformation of museums. The aim of the study was to explore the complex interplay between personal character, architectural expression, and digital representation at Sir John Soane’s Museum, and to describe how virtual exhibitions can transform the experience of house museums. Through an in-depth analysis of Soane’s residence, this study identified three main spatial expressions: a structural expression of personal character, a seamless integration of public and private spheres, and a poetic spatial interaction inspired by the works of Shakespeare. The findings of the study showed that virtual museums improve accessibility, contribute to a more complete understanding of spatial relationships, and also offer new for interaction with the collection. In addition, it was emphasized that the digital platform effectively preserves the essence of the museum, as it simultaneously allows for fresh perspectives on Soane’s curatorial vision. The study was able to demonstrate that virtual exhibitions can successfully convey the essence of home museums, combining both the physical and digital realms to provide a more immersive and engaging experience for visitors.
Fine structuring of slow magnetoacoustic wave periods in a solar coronal fan
Authors: Meadowcroft Rebecca L , Nakariakov Valery M
Published: December 2024

Propagating slow magnetoacoustic waves have long been observed in the corona and their use for magnetohydrodynamic seismology is growing. While these waves are thought to be generated by lower atmospheric oscillations, the exact mechanisms behind their generation and propagation remain unclear. This study aims to investigate the fine structure and drivers of slow waves through high-resolution solar observations. We observed slow magnetoacoustic waves with three distinct periodicities along sunspot-anchored coronal fan feathers using data from the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly. The waves were tracked for 3 h in active region 13100 on 2022 September 19. Time–distance analysis was used to determine wave periods and projected phase speeds, and Fourier analysis for period intensity maps. We detect distinct periods of $3.06 \pm 0.04$, $2.47 \pm 0.02$, and $2.82 \pm 0.02$ min in three feathers of a coronal fan. Increased intensity of chromospheric oscillations with the same distinct periods was observed in the 304 Å channel in the umbral region where the feathers are anchored, which suggests that those locations could be footpoints of the specific feathers. These results indicate that propagating slow waves exhibit fine structuring in their oscillation periods. The specific period is a unique signature of each feather, which can be utilized for seismological diagnostics of the local coronal magnetic geometry, in stereoscopic observations.
Examining Knowledge and Attitudes Regarding Social Determinants Among Nursing Students Following Immersive Virtual Reality Simulation
Authors: Fontenot Justin , Hebert Michael
Published: December 2024

This quantitative descriptive study explored the impact of virtual reality (VR) simulation on nursing students’ understanding of social determinants of health (SDOH). The study assessed students’ knowledge and attitudes toward SDOH after participating in VR simulations that mimicked diverse home environments and client scenarios. The intervention was intended to prepare future nurses for practice in diverse community settings and deepen their understanding of community challenges, particularly those impacted by socioeconomic disparities. The study is significant for its innovative approach to nursing education, employing VR to bridge gaps in experiential learning and enhance readiness for real-world community practice.
Making Curriculum Development Fun for Nurse Educator Graduate Students Through the Use of Play Pedagogy
Authors: Douglas Kimberly D.
Published: December 2024

Curriculum development is an important topic for nurse educator students to understand. The process of curriculum development requires knowledge of state laws, accrediting bodies, and various curriculum models. Students learn about curriculum development through assignments such as a scaffolded group project where they create a hypothetical undergraduate nursing program. Nurse educator students and nurse faculty view curriculum development as complicated and dull. This article describes the transformation of a curriculum development assignment using sociocultural learning theory and play. Nurse educator students appreciated the assignment and stated it helped them understand the curriculum development process.
Comparing the contents of outcome measures in upper-limb amputation using the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health: A systematic review
Authors: Gül Hatice , Demirdel Senem , Yıldırım Şahan Tezel , Anaforoğlu Külünkoğlu Bahar , Baş Sevilay Seda , Çerezci Duygu Senay , Çınar Murat Ali , Keklicek Hilal , Bayramlar Kezban , Erbahçeci Fatih
Published: December 2024

The International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health (ICF) provides a universal framework for assessing the functioning of any person. To facilitate the application of the ICF in practice, ICF core sets are being developed. This study is part of a project intended to develop an ICF core set for upper-limb amputation (ULA) and aims to identify relevant concepts included in the outcome measurements used in studies of ULA. Articles involving ULA aged 18 years or older from January 2011 to December 2021 were searched on Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, SPORTdiscus, and Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online. We included studies with particular designs (randomized controlled trials, before/after studies, cross-sectional studies, and longitudinal observational studies) and published in English. Relevant concepts were extracted from measurements and linked to the ICF using linking rules, and a frequency analysis was conducted. Sixty-one of the 1272 identified publications were included, from which 86 measurements were extracted. Concepts extracted from measurements were linked to 129 ICF categories. Three hundred twenty-six (29.23%) of the 1115 concepts were related to body functions, 643 (57.66%) to activity and participation, 96 (8.60%) to environmental factors, 19 (1.70%) to body structures, and 6 (0.53%) to personal factors. Twenty-five (2.24%) were characterized as “nd—not definable.” “Fifty-four” categories identified in at least 5% of the publications will be considered for inclusion in the final ICF core set for ULA during the consensus conference. This review provides information about the content of measures, and the identified ICF categories reveal the research perspective for developing an ICF core set for ULA.
Subacute Infarction of Recurrent Artery of Heubner Mimicking CNS Tumor With Correlative Brain MRI and 18F-FDG PET/CT Findings
Authors: Özer, MD Elif Aslı , Özütemiz Can , Nosov Anton , Saigal Gaurav , Ilica Ahmet Turan
Published: December 2024

A 62-year-old man, previously treated for oral cavity carcinoma, presented with new-onset cognitive-motor symptoms. Brain MRI revealed a periventricular, avidly enhancing lesion in the right anterior basal ganglia and hypothalamus suspicious for a brain tumor, particularly CNS lymphoma. 18F-FDG brain PET/CT showed corresponding uptake suggestive of primary brain tumor, lymphoma, or metastasis. Follow-up MRI showed resolution of enhancement and mass effect favoring an evolving subacute infarct. The diagnosis of an infarct in the recurrent artery of Heubner territory was facilitated by MRI, and recurrent artery of Heubner infarction was noted as a potential cause for false-positive 18F-FDG uptake on PET/CT, mimicking intracranial tumor.
Hairy dyonic Reissner-Nordström black holes in an Einstein-Maxwell-Friedberg-Lee-Sirlin type model
Authors: Kunz Jutta , Loiko Victor , Shnir Yakov
Published: December 2024

We construct spherically symmetric dyonic black holes in a generalized Maxwell-Friedberg-Lee-Sirlin type model with a complex scalar doublet and a symmetry breaking potential for the real scalar field, minimally coupled to Einstein gravity in asymptotically flat space. We analyze the properties of the hairy black holes and determine their domain of existence. Our discussion focuses mostly on the case of a long-ranged massless real scalar field. Our results indicate that in this case, depending on the coupling constants, the resonant hairy dyonic black holes may bifurcate from Reissner-Nordström black holes at maximal chemical potential, while the limiting solutions at minimal chemical potential may be related to the Penney solution.

Published by the American Physical Society
2024
Exploring the direct impact of environmental, social and governance (ESG) factors on organisational innovation output and institutional isomorphism: a study in the context of multinational life sciences organisations
Authors: Subramanian Bhuvaneashwar , Jain Nikunj Kumar , Bhattacharyya Som Sekhar
Published: December 2024

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to investigate potential direct impact of environmental, social and governance factors (ESG) on organisational innovation and their role as isomorphic factors in multinational life sciences organisations.

Design/methodology/approach

The authors applied necessary condition analysis (NCA), using the R statistical tool to determine the direct impact of environmental (E), social (S), governance(G) and composite ESG factors on innovation, represented by research and development (R&D) expenditure across a sample of 86 multinational life sciences companies.

Findings

The study established that ESG factors have a positive impact on the innovation output of multinational firms in the life sciences industry. Further, the study also established that ESG factors act as isomorphic factors in the organisation of multinational life sciences firms in implementing sustainability practices.

Originality/value

This empirical research study was a novel attempt to establish a direct impact of ESG factors on innovation output of multinational life sciences firms. This was one of the first empirical studies to integrate the institutional theory with the resource-based view and thereby demonstrate that ESG factors had a significant role in contributing to institutional isomorphic behaviour, in the form of sustainable innovation as a strategy. This study established the importance of ESG factors in defining the sustainability agenda of multinational life sciences organisations. Lastly, the study elucidates the benefits of the integration of sustainability as a strategy in multinational life sciences corporations.
Government influence on national competitiveness (evidence from the COVID era)
Authors: Chikán Attila , Kiss-Dobronyi Bence , Homoki-Szabó Erika , Molnár Boglárka
Published: December 2024

Purpose

This paper aims to examine how government policy and institutions affect national competitiveness. A combined microeconomic and institutionalist model of competitiveness is applied. This structure is suitable for incorporating factors considered by global competitiveness rankings. The paper proposes that there are various possible government policy “configurations” leading to similar competitiveness outcomes, but different resilience outcomes during a crisis.

Design/methodology/approach

Using the Institute for Management Development competitiveness rankings, covering 62 countries, between 2010 and 2019 the authors first build clusters based on observed “government policy configurations”. These clusters show an interpretable pattern: except for a few outliers, individual clusters contain countries that are economically and culturally similar. Then the authors examine how different clusters, with similar overall competitiveness scores, have performed in 2020–2021 during the COVID pandemic.

Findings

The analysis shows that government efficiency is correlated with other factors of overall competitiveness. It shows that while similar levels of competitiveness are possible with different government “configurations”, it provides evidence that more welfare-oriented government “configurations” during the crisis led to a higher resilience of national competitiveness.

Originality/value

The paper connects an institutionalist and microeconomic view of competitiveness in a unique model and embeds government policy in this structure. It shows that a similar level of competitiveness is possible through different government policy “configurations” and exploits the COVID shock to analyse resilience of these “configurations”.
Does individual adaptability mediate the relationship between personal initiative and psychological well-being: evidence from Uganda’s small enterprises
Authors: Tabala Agnes , Munene John , Kagaari James , Mafabi Samuel , Kyogabiirwe Jannat
Published: December 2024

Purpose

This paper aims to investigate whether individual adaptability mediates the relationship between personal initiative (PI) and psychological well-being of Ugandan small enterprise employees. Furthermore, the paper examines whether PI and individual adaptability also affect psychological well-being.

Design/methodology/approach

A cross-sectional survey design using quantitative approach was used in this study. Data were collected from 726 employees of small enterprises in Uganda using a self-administered questionnaire. Data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Scientists and uploaded into AMOS version 23. Hypotheses were tested using structural equation modeling technique.

Findings

Results confirm that individual adaptability fully mediates the relationship between PI and psychological well-being. Findings further indicate that PI is negatively related to psychological well-being and that individual adaptability is positively related to psychological well-being.

Research limitations/implications

First, the sample of this study consisted of employees working with small enterprises in Uganda with different demographic characteristics; thus, the generalizability of these findings to other sectors or contexts needs to be established. Secondly, the study was quantitative in nature. This study has managerial implications in a way that managers need to create a climate that fosters individual adaptability among employees to help them enhance their Psychological well-being (PWB).

Practical implications

Small enterprise employees with high levels of PI may benchmark on this study findings by ensuring that they adjust their thinking, emotions and behavior to navigate the challenges of the current working environment such that they can increase their psychological well-being.

Originality/value

This study may be among the first to demonstrate that individual adaptability mediates the relationship between PI and psychological well-being in the context of small enterprise employees of Uganda, an African developing country.
Strategic technological innovation investment: enhancing resilience in the age of digital transformation
Authors: Catal Cagatay , Kar Gorkem , Zarali Murat
Published: December 2024

Purpose

In the current business landscape, organizations are increasingly investing in digital transformation initiatives such as the adoption of artificial intelligence, cloud computing, blockchain, deep learning, to optimize their operations, maintain competitiveness and efficiently address customer demands. However, this heightened dependence on digital technology introduces elevated risks to cybersecurity and privacy. This study aims to investigate the relationship between investments in digital transformation and cybersecurity and privacy protection efforts.

Design/methodology/approach

To address this, a survey was conducted among 44 managers from diverse industries. The survey explored the correlation between digital transformation investments and cybersecurity measures, as well as assessed senior managers’ awareness of associated risks.

Findings

Our study reveals that, despite investments in digital transformation, insufficient efforts and resource allocation toward cybersecurity such as the failure to implement industry-standard practices like vulnerability assessments, data encryption, ISO 27001 and NIST guidelines may increase the likelihood and severity of future security breaches. Our study identified third-party integration as a major concern, with data breaches involving the theft of sensitive company and customer data being the most frequently reported security issue among participants. Our findings demonstrate the need for senior managers to improve their focus on cybersecurity in digital transformation projects.

Originality/value

This research highlights the gap between digital transformation investments and cybersecurity practices; presents actionable strategies including resource allocation, integrating cybersecurity into company culture, investing in human resources, evaluating third-party risks, and applying data protection principles; and emphasizes the need for a stronger managerial focus on cybersecurity.
Socio-cultural factors contributing to eating disorder development amongst women of South Asian ethnicity: a meta-synthesis
Authors: Bhanderi Tiluka , Ameen-Khan Misbah , Abbott Sally
Published: December 2024

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to synthesize published empirical qualitative evidence which explores the socio-cultural influences on the development of eating disorders from the perspective of South Asian women.

Design/methodology/approach

A systematic search of the databases CINAHL, MEDLINE, Scopus and APA PsycINFO was conducted to identify relevant journal articles published up to August 2023. The quality of the included studies was appraised using the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme Qualitative Tool. Data was synthesized and analysed using thematic synthesis.

Findings

Four studies from the UK, USA and Canada were included in the meta-synthesis. Three main themes were found: gratifying others, negative childhood experiences and shame and stigma.

Practical implications

South Asian women report many socio-cultural factors that can influence eating disorder development. Findings of this meta-synthesis highlight the importance of cultural awareness, and health-care professionals should be aware of the nuanced socio-cultural factors that can influence a South Asian woman’s relationship with food and body image.

Originality/value

South Asian communities are understudied in the context of mental health, including eating disorders. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study to synthesize the available qualitative evidence on socio-cultural influences on eating disorder development among South Asian women. These findings have revealed insights that can be harnessed by health-care professionals to better understand factors that contribute to eating disorder development and support cultural awareness.
Biographies of Discontent: The Challenges Facing Labour
Authors: Goodman Helen
Published: December 2024

This article looks at the lives of four people living in northern England: a refugee, a disabled person, a student and a house hunter. It examines the problems they face, including hostility, poverty, debt, a broken housing market and the wider social trends—particularly inequality—underlying them. It examines which of these issues are currently being addressed by politicians and whether, without a shift in the terms of debate, policies that are adequate to deal with them can be developed.