bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Camel Urine Characteristics and its Bioactive Molecules on Potential Impacts against Diseases and Pathogenic Microorganisms
Authors: Mohammed A.A. , Alshaibani N.
Published: January 2025

Background: Camel urine (CU) traits varied depending on hydration status, dietary intake, physiological and health conditions. The CU impacts against diseases and pathogenic microorganisms were greatly differed. Methods: The camel urine can be explored from virgin and mature healthy females and males under different management conditions. Urine sample quantity, storage and camel characteristics in addition to country of study were indicated in the article. Effects of different forms of camel urine including fresh urine, enzymatic hydrolysed form, a lyophilized form, bioactive fraction (prophet medicine fraction; PMF) of camel urine were explored in vivo and in vitro in different experiments to explore their antimicrobial properties. The articles concerning fresh camel urine and its fractions against pathogenic microorganisms and diseases were collected from PubMed, SciencDirect and Google Scholar databases. Result: The results indicated antibacterial, antifungal and antiviruses activities of camel urine in addition to hepatoprotective, gastroprotective and anti-cancer effectives. Camel urine and its fractions has a distinctive ability to kill bacteria, viruses and fungi. The compounds of camel urine aid in recovery like metabolites, hormones, corticosteroids and urea. In addition, camel urine was reported as anticancer, gastroprotective, hepatoprotective, antiplatelet and antiapoptotic agent. Collectively, it could be concluded that camel urine and its fractions have a wide range against pathogenic microorganisms and diseases with the potential hygienic procedure.
Analysis of Phosphorus Content in Chickpea Samples using Near-infrared Spectroscopy and Machine Learning Models
Authors: Priyadarshi Madhu Bala , Bhardwaj Rakesh
Published: January 2025

Background: This study aimed to develop and evaluate a rapid, non-destructive method for predicting phosphorus content in chickpea flour using near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy combined with machine learning techniques. The research sought to identify the most effective wavelength range and modeling approach for accurate phosphorus content estimation. Methods: NIR spectra was collected from 237 chickpea flour samples, of which 132 showed detectable phosphorus reflectance. The dataset underwent preprocessing techniques including noise elimination, data reduction and scatter correction. The interval Partial Least Squares (iPLS) algorithm was employed to identify the optimal wavelength range for phosphorus prediction. Five machine learning models-linear regression (LR), support vector regression (SVR), random forest (RF), decision tree regression (DTR) and neural network (NN)-were developed and compared using a dataset split into calibration (80%) and validation (20%) sets. Principal component analysis (PCA) was used for dimensionality reduction. Result: The most effective wavelength range for phosphorus prediction was identified as 1520-1658 nm. The Linear Regression model demonstrated the best performance on the testing data, with an R² of 0.945, Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) of 0.044 and residual standard error (RSE) of 0.045. All models except RF and DTR showed excellent predictive capability (RPD greater than 4.1). The Decision Tree Regression model performed best on the validation set, with an R² of 0.875 and RMSE of 0.079. The study confirmed the potential of NIR spectroscopy combined with machine learning as a rapid and accurate method for phosphorus content prediction in chickpea flour.
Keynes, Seers and Economic Development
Authors: Singer Hans
Published: January 2025

There is no need to repeat here what was said at the time of Dudley Seers' death about the great loss of a friend and source of inspiration. Now the time has come to take a little distance and try to appraise his contribution to thinking about development. Perhaps the best way I can think of trying to do this is by relating his work and thinking to that of John Maynard Keynes.
Modelo de cambio de actitudes: una propuesta pedagógica para la seguridad vial
Authors: Madrigal Castellanos Diana del Carmen
Published: January 2025

Una de las aspiraciones de la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) es la ambiciosa meta de reducir a la mitad —para el año 2030— el número de defunciones y lesiones causadas por accidentes de tránsito a nivel global. Según datos del “Informe sobre la situación mundial de la seguridad vial” de la OMS (2023)[1], cada año, aproximadamente 1,19 millones de personas pierden la vida en colisiones vehiculares, y entre 20 y 50 millones sufren lesiones no mortales, muchas de las cuales resultan en discapacidad. Los traumatismos causados por el tránsito son la principal causa de mortalidad entre niños y jóvenes de 5 a 29 años.
Frente a esta alarmante realidad, han surgido voces que se oponen a la normalización de las muertes y lesiones atribuibles a accidentes de tránsito, abogando por la educación del comportamiento humano como una clave fundamental para la reducción de la accidentalidad.
 
[1] Organización Mundial de la Salud. (2023). Informe sobre la situación mundial de la seguridad vial 2023. https://www.who.int/es/publications/i/item/9789240086517
Les foyers améliorés. Une solution possible pour atténuer la pénurie en bois de feu dans les pays du tiers monde
Authors: Doat Jacqueline
Published: January 2025

La crise du bois de chauffage devenant de plus en plus aiguë dans les pays en développement qui ne disposent pas de ressources forestières importantes, des solutions doivent être trouvées rapidement. L'une d'entre elles pourrait être la mise à disposition et l'utilisation de foyers améliorés permettant aux ménagères d'économiser une partie du bois utilisé pour la cuisson quotidienne des aliments.Cet article tente de résumer les travaux réalisés dans ce domaine par différents instituts et organisations, ainsi que les essais effectués sur place.Il présente les schémas d'une vingtaine de foyers typiques parmi ceux proposés et expérimentés sous les tropiques. Les rendements enregistrés avec ces foyers sont indiqués ; bien que les chiffres obtenus soient souvent difficilement comparables, il apparaît que l'utilisation de cuisinières améliorées à la place des foyers traditionnels « 3 pierres » permettent une économie d'énergie équivalente à 20 % à 40 % du bois brûlé.
As crianças como criadoras de cultura
Authors: Pereira Diego de Medeiros
Published: January 2025

Este texto busca traçar uma discussão acerca das contribuições da Sociologia da Infância como aporte teórico-metodológico para as pesquisas e práticas teatrais com crianças. Enfatiza-se o desenvolvimento de pesquisa “com” crianças, nas quais elas sejam consideradas coautoras, cujas criações e percepções de mundo sejam reconhecidas como dados relevantes, reduzindo enfoques adultocentrados e colonizadores das infâncias.
Teatro e ocupações de espaços escolares
Authors: Camargo Daniela Moreno de , Christófaro Gabriela Córdova
Published: January 2025

O artigo discute o ensino e aprendizagem de Teatro pautado na autonomia das juventudes. Aborda-se criação artística e reflexão crítica sobre o mundo, tendo o espaço escolar como ambiente de experimentação teatral. Desenvolvida a partir de discussão teórica e na perspectiva da A/R/Tografia (Oliveira; Charreu, 2016), o estudo apontou para possibilidades pedagógicas.
Os invisíveis corpos negros das artes cênicas decoloniais
Authors: Oliveira Érico José Souza de
Published: January 2025

Este artigo intenta gerar uma discussão no âmbito das artes cênicas universitárias com relação às reflexões sobre a noção de decolonialidade em diálogo com as práticas culturais negrorreferenciadas no Brasil. Com o crescimento da adesão de pesquisadores/as, docentes e artistas da cena às propostas decoloniais, investiga-se como essa abordagem se reflete na inserção de temáticas negras nos currículos de seus cursos ou como essa ausência evidencia o uso das proposições decoloniais como perpetuação de um racismo estrutural e epistêmico nas universidades brasileiras, que continuam a invisibilizar os corpos negros e suas epistemologias.
Description of Mothers' Knowledge, Attitudes, and Behavior Regarding Deworming The Children Against Soil-Transmitted Helminthiasis at The Lampaseh Health Center in Banda Aceh City
Authors: Suryawati  , Putra Teuku Romi Imansyah , Liansyah Tita Menawati , Maulina Novi , Maulidina Rizka Yuliani , Al-Muchtari Teuku Az Zikri
Published: January 2025

Helminth infections are a significant public health problem in developing countries, including Indonesia, where the prevalence ranges from 60% to 90%. One common helminth infection is Soil-Transmitted Helminthiasis (STH), which particularly affects children. One of risk factors is children who lack personal hygiene, especially when they are playing with soil. The increased incidence of STH can be prevented by deworming programs, and the role of parents, especially maternal parenting. This study aims to determine the description of the level of knowledge, attitudes and behavior of mothers on deworming the children against STH at the Lampaseh Health Center, Banda Aceh City, Indonesia. This research is descriptive with a cross-sectional design. The sample consists of mothers with children aged 2-12 years, selected using accidental sampling techniques. Data were collected through interviews using structured questionnaires. The results showed that the level of maternal knowledge of deworming the children against STH categorized as good (95.1%), quite good (3.9%), and less good (1.0%) as well as the attitude of mothers was categorized into good (51.5%), quite good (46.6%), and less good (1.9%). However, the mother’s behavior was good (69.9%) and less good (30.1%). The conclusion was that the knowledge, attitudes, and behavior of mothers on deworming the children against STH need to be maintained and improved.
Cancer-associated fibroblast-derived extracellular vesicles: regulators and therapeutic targets in the tumor microenvironment
Authors: Xie Jindong , Lin Xinmei , Deng Xinpei , Tang Hailin , Zou Yutian , Chen Wenkuan , Xie Xiaoming
Published: January 2025

Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) constitute a critical component of the tumor microenvironment (TME). CAFs can be reprogrammed by cancer cells, leading to the production of extracellular vesicles (EVs). These EVs serve as carriers for bioactive substances, including proteins, nucleic acids, and metabolic products, thereby facilitating tumor progression. CAF-derived EVs exert substantial influence on tumor cell proliferation, invasion, and metastasis, the immunological environment, and the processes of lymphangiogenesis and angiogenesis. Despite their potential as non-invasive biomarkers and therapeutic delivery vehicles, the clinical application of CAF-derived EVs is currently limited by challenges in purification and precise targeting. This review delineates the diverse roles of CAF-derived EVs in tumor growth, metastasis, and immune evasion within the TME.
Factores asociados a preeclampsia en gestantes inmigrantes de zonas de alturas que se atienden en un hospital público de Lima durante el año 2023
Authors:   , Calderon Mendez Hector Eduardo
Published: January 2025

Objetivo: Determinar si el antecedente de preeclampsia, el número de parejas sexuales, la paridad y la edad materna, son factores asociados a preeclampsia en gestantes inmigrantes de zonas de alturas que se atienden en el Hospital Nacional Docente Madre-Niño San Bartolomé, Lima - Perú durante el año 2023. Metodología: Estudio retrospectivo tipo caso - control. El estudio se ejecutará en el Hospital Nacional Docente Madre-Niño San Bartolomé, Lima - Perú. Este es un hospital de alta resolución (Nivel III). Está conformada por mujeres gestantes que son población de referencia para la institución. Se empleó el programa estadístico OpenEpi versión 3.01 utilizando la fórmula de cálculo del tamaño muestral para estudios de casos y controles no pareados. Se consideró un odds ratio (OR) para la edad materna mayor de 30 en relación con la preeclampsia de 1.9, con un porcentaje hipotético de controles expuestos del 22% y una razón de casos a controles de 1, basándose en los datos del estudio de Padhan S. y col. (31) con un intervalo de confianza (IC) del 95% y un poder estadístico del 80%. De acuerdo con la corrección de Fleiss, se determinó que la cantidad mínima requerida para incluir en el estudio sería de 192 gestantes para cada grupo de casos y controles. Se desarrollará una ficha de recolección de datos utilizando el programa Microsoft Word (anexo 2). Esta ficha consta de cuatro secciones distintas. La primera contendrá ítems para registrar variables sociodemográficas, la segunda se centrará en la recopilación de datos clínicos para caracterizar a la población objeto del estudio. La tercera sección estará destinada a la recolección de nuestras variables principales, tanto la dependiente como la independiente, mientras que en la cuarta sección se valorarán las características de la migración.
RETRACTED: Are Generic Imatinib Formulations Really as Effective as Originial Imatinib in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia: Real Life Data
Authors: Kırcalı Ekin , Seval Güldane Cengiz , Bozdağ Sinem Civriz , Toprak Selami Koçak , Yüksel Meltem Kurt , Arslan Önder , Özcan Muhit , Demirer Taner , Gürman Günhan , İlhan Osman , Akan Hamdi , Beksaç Meral , Topçuoğlu Pervin
Published: January 2025

The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
SurFF: Universal Model for Surface Exposure and Synthesizability Across Intermetallic Crystals
Authors: Wang Xiaonan , Yin Jun , Chen Honghao , Qiu Jiangjie , Li Wentao , He Peng , Li Jiali , Karimi Iftekhar
Published: January 2025

Catalysts are crucial in industrial processes, significantly enhancing reaction efficiency. With approximately 90% of industrial reactions occurring on surfaces, the role of heterogeneous catalysts is paramount. Accurate surface exposure prediction is vital for heterogeneous catalyst design but is hindered by the high costs of experimental and computational methods. Here, we introduce a universal force field-based model for predicting surface exposure and synthesizability (SurFF) across intermetallic crystals, essential materials for heterogeneous catalysts. We created a comprehensive intermetallic surface database using a data-efficient active learning method and high-throughput density functional theory (DFT) calculations, encompassing 12,553 unique surfaces and 344,200 single points. SurFF achieves DFT-level precision with a prediction error of 3.0 meV/Å² and enables large-scale surface exposure prediction, an impractical task for DFT methods, through a 105-fold acceleration. Validation against computational and experimental data both shows strong alignment. We applied SurFF for large-scale predictions on over 6,000 intermetallic crystals, providing valuable data for the community. Demonstrating transferability to diverse crystal properties, SurFF is a robust tool for advancing catalyst design, representing a significant step toward large-scale catalyst discovery models.
The Aetiology of Ill Health Among Urban Slum Communities in Nigeria: A Systematic Review
Authors: OLATUNDE OLUWASAYO
Published: January 2025

Background: UN-Habitatand the World Bank data show that about 50% to 65% of Nigerians to live in slums. Thus, millions of urban residents live without access to basic amenities such as clean water, sanitation, and adequate housing. While existing studies have reported the impact of slum environment on specific diseases, there is a need to review the causes in a single study to provide a comprehensive understanding of current issues in this regard.
Methods: This study utilized the PRISMA protocol to carry out a systematic review. Research publications on the subject were sourced from 4 electronic databases (Africa-Wide Information, Cochrane Library, Global Health, and Pub Med). 172 relevant articles were retrieved and screened based on the inclusion criteria, and 22 articles published between January 2019 and September 2024 was included in the final review.
Result:The review found that ill health conditions were linked to high population density, poor sanitation and waste management, lack of basic amenities such as clean water, high rate of poverty, poor education, and drug abuse.
Conclusions: These findings reiterate the need for appropriate authorities to design and implement effective intervention strategies that will reduce ill health challenges of the slum dwellers in Nigeria.
Characteristics of Bibliometric Analyses of the Complementary, Alternative, and Integrative Medicine Literature: A Scoping Review
Authors: Liu Henry , Shah Aimun Qadeer , Tariq Hamas , Rebaine Rayhane , Ali Sarah , Yehshopa Tenzin Chimi , Karimi Nima , Lekuti Mujeedat , Parikh Tisha , Koo Mabel , Wieland L. Susan , Moher David , Cramer Holger , Ng Jeremy Y.
Published: January 2025

Introduction: Research on complementary, alternative, and integrative medicine (CAIM) continues to grow. Bibliometric analyses (BAs) are valuable to assess research trends, identify gaps, and understand the evolution of a body of literature, yet there are no systematic or scoping reviews on how these BAs are conducted. This scoping review aimed to systematically review and synthesize BAs on CAIM literature to inform and guide future bibliometric studies in this field and beyond.
Methods: A scoping review was conducted in accordance with Joanna Briggs Institute guidelines. A systematic search was conducted in MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, AMED, CINAHL Scopus, and Web of Science in January 2023. Eligible articles were BAs of CAIM literature. Screening and data extraction were completed independently and in duplicate by at least two reviewers, with findings summarized descriptively.
Results: The review included 286 articles published between 1995 and 2023, with approximately 75% published in the last five years. Studies were conducted in 36 countries, with China (50%) leading in contributions. All articles used performance analysis techniques, while 80% also used science-mapping techniques. The most commonly used performance analysis metrics were ‘total publications’ (93%) and ‘total citations’ (60%). Co-word (69%) and co-authorship (62%) analysis were the most common science mapping techniques. VOSviewer and CiteSpace were the predominant visualization software employed.
Conclusions: This review demonstrates large methodological diversity in the conduct of CAIM bibliometrics, highlighting a need for standardized practices. Future research should focus on developing uniform methodologies and incorporating diverse metrics and alternative data sources to enhance analysis reliability.
A Virtual 3D Printing Framework for Off-Earth Construction
Authors: Mollah Md Tusher , Šeta Berin , Spangenberg Jon
Published: January 2025

3D printing, due to its digital nature, offers a practical approach to autonomous off-Earth construction by utilizing local materials, thereby reducing the reliance on Earth-based resources and manpower. Implementing large-scale and rapid 3D printing of structures in extraterrestrial environments poses unique challenges due to conditions such as altered gravity, vacuum, and extreme thermal variations. These challenges are compounded by the fact that replicating altered gravity on Earth is not feasible. Therefore, a virtual system is needed to advance the 3D printing capabilities. This paper presents computational fluid dynamics (CFD) models developed to simulate the 3D printing of structures under altered gravity conditions. The results provide insights into geometrical precision and deformation as gravity varies across different celestial bodies, as well as the influence of regolith mortar properties and nozzle diameter when focusing on printing on the Moon. The results highlight ways to control the curing kinetics of the Lunar regolith mortar in order to print fast and on larger scale.
The triple-dip La Niña was key to Earth’s extreme heat uptake in 2022-2023
Authors: Tsuchida Ko , Kosaka Yu , Minobe Shoshiro
Published: January 2025

Recent observations reveal a surge in Earth's energy uptake in 2022/23. Despite its pivotal role in the striking global surface temperature rise and widespread climate extremes observed by early 2024 1,2, its attribution is hampered by the lack of understanding on the role of internal climate variability on the Earth’s energy imbalance. Here, through analyzing multi-model climate simulations, we show that the 2022/23 extreme Earth’s energy uptake is tied to the transition from the three-year La Niña 3,4,5,6 to the strong 2023/24 El Niño. We find that simulation samples with extreme global energy uptake systematically accompany preceding multi-year La Niña and subsequent El Niño, consistent with observations. These samples also replicate the dominant contribution of the shortwave radiation anomaly to the net energy imbalance and spatial distributions of radiation and atmospheric circulation anomalies organized by El Niño-Southern Oscillation. Our additional sampling analyses with ENSO transition confirm the major role of the La Niña-to-El Niño sequence on the enhanced energy uptake, with the key importance of multi-year persistence in preceding La Niña. Our finding illustrates the striking influence of internal climate variability on Earth's energy budget in addition to anthropogenic forcing and underscores their significance in past and future global climate extremes.
Dual-Targeting Nanoparticles Enhance Microglial P2Y12R Expression to Promote Neuronal Mitophagy for Repairing Spinal Cord Injury
Authors: Rong Limin , Tian Zhenming , Li Hong Li , Jiang Yunheng , Wei Huiye , Lu Yubao , Yao Senyu , Pang Mao , Shuai Xintao , Liu Bin
Published: January 2025

Spinal cord injury (SCI) leads to severe mitochondrial dysfunction and ROS cascade, with microglia playing a dual role in both exacerbating damage and providing neuroprotection. Recent evidence has highlighted the importance of P2Y12R in microglial-neuron interactions, particularly in modulating mitochondrial quality control and mitigating oxidative stress. Here, we develop a dual-targeting nanoparticle system (P2Y-Nano) to enhance P2Y12R expression in activated microglia and promote neuronal mitophagy, aiming to reduce mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mtROS) and improve neuronal survival following SCI. The P2Y-Nano system combines a ROS-responsive thioketal bond for injury-site targeting with an MG1 peptide to selective target activated M1 microglia. This design enables precise nanoparticle delivery to the ROS-enriched injury microenvironment, effectively restoring P2Y12R expression in microglia. Microglia treated with P2Y-Nano exhibit elevated P2Y12R expression, leading to increased interaction with injured neurons, improved mitophagy, and reduced mtROS production. These combined effects significantly attenuate secondary damage and contribute to neuroprotection post-SCI. Our findings reveal a novel regulatory mechanism by which P2Y12R overexpression in microglia enhances neuronal mitophagy and mitigates oxidative stress after SCI. The dual-targeting P2Y-Nano system offers a promising therapeutic approach not only for SCI but also for other CNS disorders characterized by microglial activation and mitochondrial dysfunction.
WITHDRAWN: A Systematic Approach to Demulsifier Selection for Crude Oil Dehydration Using Fuzzy TOPSIS
Authors: Mohammad Suleiman Ibrahim Shelash , Vasudevan Asokan , Koka Nisar Ahmad , H. Malathi , Kazmi Syeda Wajida , Chahar Mamata , Ghazaly Nouby M. , Kumar Abhinav , Esanmurodova N. , Shafieezadeh M. Mehdi
Published: January 2025

The full text of this preprint has been withdrawn, as it was submitted in error. Therefore, the authors do not wish this work to be cited as a reference. Questions should be directed to the corresponding author.
iDesignGPT: large language model agentic workflows boost engineering design
Authors: Zhang Zhinan , Liu Songkai , Shen Yanqing , Zhang Yilun , Hou Zhangli , Wang Xin , Luo Jianxi
Published: January 2025

Engineering design, a cornerstone of technological innovation, faces persistent challenges from the rigidity of traditional methods and the insufficient responsiveness of emerging AI tools to fully address its inherently complex, dynamic, and creativity-driven demands. Here we introduce iDesignGPT, a novel framework that integrates large language model with established design methodologies to enable dynamic multi-agent collaboration for problem refinement, information gathering, design space exploration, and iterative optimization. By incorporating design metrics such as coverage, diversity, and novelty, iDesignGPT provides decision-enabling, data-driven insights for conceptual engineering design evaluation. Our results reveal that iDesignGPT surpasses benchmark models in generating innovative, modular, and rational solutions, particularly in exploratory, open-ended scenarios prioritizing creativity and adaptability. User studies, involving both students and experienced engineers, validate its ability to uncover hidden requirements, foster creativity, and enhance workflow transparency. Collectively, these findings position iDesignGPT as a scalable platform that lowers the expertise barrier, fosters interdisciplinary collaboration, and expands the transformative potential of AI-assisted engineering design.
A carbon nanotube based electron source with 0.3eV energy spread and an unconventional time delay
Authors: Li Chi , Chen Ke , Yu Chao , Wang Xiaowei , Zhou Shenghan , Wang Li , Qu Yusong , Wang Aiwei , Xiao Fan , Li Zhenjun , Dai Jiayu , Wan Xiangang , Lu Ruifeng , Dai Qing
Published: January 2025

Conventianal metal tip based laser-driven electron source is normally constrained by a trade-off between energy spread and pulse duration due to optical-field-induced free electron acceleration, making it challenging to overcome the current state of the art electron source with over 1 eV energy spread and hundreds of femoto second (fs) duration. Here, we report an unconventional delayed emission in a one-dimensional carbon nanotube (CNT) based electron source. By utilizing a special pump-probe approach, we apply 7 fs laser pulses to the CNT emitters and observe free electron emission tens of fs after the pulse. This delayed emission resulted in a substantial reduced energy spread to approximately 0.3 eV and an electron pulse duration of about 13 fs. Through time-dependent density functional theory calculations, we find that this is driven by the interplay of collective oscillations and electron-electron interactions. Our results may provide a promising technology for the cutting-edge ultrafast electron sources.
Salting-out effect of quaternary alkylammonium cations on protein solubility derived from the excluded-volume and hydrophobicity of cations
Authors: Nakayama Tatsushi
Published: January 2025

The solubility of several proteins, including hen egg-white lysozyme, bovine serum albumin, cytochrome C, and canavalia ensiformis urease (from Jack bean), was examined in the presence of quaternary alkylammonium salts, tetramethylammonium perchlorate, tetraethylammonium perchlorate, tetrapropylammonium perchlorate, and tetrabutylammonium perchlorate. The quaternary alkylammonium cations markedly reduced protein solubility, and were more potent than Hofmeister cations, such as sodium, potassium, and cesium. The quaternary alkylammonium cations reduced protein solubility mainly through the excluded-volume effect rather than electrostatic shielding or hydrophobic effect. This result highlights the importance of the excluded-volume derived from salts themselves in the salting-out effect and provides insights into the mechanism of the Hofmeister series.
Identifying Cognitive Resources in a Decision-Making during Gambling
Authors: Mohammad Amin , Elias  , Narjes  , Hamid
Published: January 2025

In the learning stage of reward processing, the presence of an event-related potential (ERP) denoted as the Feedback-Related Negativity (FRN) is vastly mentioned which is elicited 200–350 milliseconds after feedback onset. Previous studies have confirmed Reinforcement Learning theory's prediction that a significant correlation exists between dopamine neuron responses (which generate the FRN) and the disparity between actual and expected outcomes where the expected outcome is determined by the probability and magnitude of rewards. Although previous studies have extensively illustrated the impact of reward probability on the FRN, the demonstration of the impact of reward magnitude on the FRN has not been established conclusively and still remains a matter of debate. Here in this study, we wanted to assess the effects that reward magnitude has on the FRN and its generator(s) as well in an isolated context. We recruited 24 participants and recorded 65-channel High-Density EEG signals with simultaneous fMRI, while they engaged in a modified task designed to control reward probability and evaluate the effects of reward magnitude. In our findings, firstly, a substantial positive correlation is observed between the ERP amplitude within the temporal window of FRN and the magnitude of outcomes, and through dipole fitting and distributed source localization, the source of FRN, regardless of magnitude, was located in the Medial Frontal Cortex. Our findings reveal strong connections among brain regions involved in error monitoring, memory, attention, and visual processing, with the dorsal Anterior Cingulate Cortex serving as a central hub. No significant differences were found between connectivity of win- and loss-related FRN’s brain sources. Additionally, participants demonstrated varying risk-taking behaviors across trials, favoring higher-risk options and transitioning towards more cautious decisions over consecutive trials during the experiment. The analysis also revealed increased risk-taking following losses compared to gains, highlighting contextual influences on decision-making.
Antimalarial Evaluation of Magnesium Nanoparticlres of Bioactive Compounds Derived From Crinum Jagus Rhizome
Authors: Salsabilu Kabir
Published: January 2025

Magnesium Nanoparticles (MgNPs), are biocompatible and have shown promise in various biomedical applications, including antimicrobial and antimalarial treatments. Synthesis of magnesium nanoparticles from crude extract and isolated compound of crinum jagus rhizome and their antimalarial activity were reported. Magnesium nanoparticles mediated by crude extract and isolated compound were characterized by UV-visible spectroscopy, SEM and TEM analyses. The UV-visible absorption results of the magnesium nanoparticles synthesized from the crude extract showed absorption that varies slightly across the wavelength range of 343 nm to 353 nm, with a peak absorption value of 1.52934 at 345 nm. UV-visible absorption data for the magnesium nanoparticles synthesized from the isolated compound (lupeol) shows significant absorption in the range of 343 nm to 353 nm. The absorption values are relatively high, with a peak at 345 nm where the absorbance is 0.88005. MgNPs synthesized from the crude extract exhibited the best antimalarial activity (IC50 = 0.1310), significantly outperforming both the lupeol-based MgNPs (IC50 = 0.9103) and chloroquine (IC50 = 0.2762). The enhanced activity of the crude extract-based MgNPs may be attributed to the synergistic effects of multiple bioactive compounds present in the crude extract. The antimalarial activity observed in this study highlights the potential of combining traditional plant-based medicine with nanotechnology. The significantly lower IC50 values (0.1310) for the crude extract MgNPs compared to chloroquine (0.2762) demonstrate the promising future of this approach in overcoming drug resistance and improving the efficacy of antimalarial treatments.
Zašto je (ne)važan pedagoški takt?
Authors: Vrcelj Sofija , Kušić Siniša , Čekolj Nadja
Published: January 2025

Pojam pedagoškog takta teško je teorijski definirati i operacionalizirati u praksi. Cilj ovog rada je analiza ovog konstrukta koji se često koristi u teoriji i praksi, a koji se u literaturi različito određuje i razumije. Unatoč tome što se načelno shvaća da je pedagoški takt krucijalan u odgojno‑obrazovnom djelovanju, taj je fenomen još uvijek obavijen velom mističnosti i zbog toga doveden na rubno područje odgojno‑obrazovnog diskursa jer nije podložan biheviorističkom, mjerljivom i konceptualno tehničkom jeziku. Pedagoški takt naziva se i »draguljem pedagoškog umijeća«, za koje se podrazumijeva da se razvija teorijskim razumijevanjem odgojno‑obrazovnog procesa, a usavršava tijekom prakse. Učitelj s izraženim pedagoškim taktom na prvo mjesto stavlja dobrobit i interese učenika, poštuje učenike i njihove posebnosti, sposoban je protumačiti njihove misli, razumijevanje, osjećaje i želje te obzirno i primjereno djelovati u složenim i nepredvidivim odgojno‑obrazovnim situacijama. Pedagoški takt pruža učiteljima temelj za stalno unaprjeđivanje prakse, vlastitih pedagoških stavova i vrijednosti, ali i kritičko promišljanje kurikuluma.
Mathematical essay as method for assessing mathematical communication skills
Authors: Staščik Azra , Glavaš Amanda
Published: January 2025

Mathematics communications skills are essential to learning and understanding mathematics. Objective of assessing mathematical communication is to evaluate how students use mathematical language, ask questions and elaborate answers, use mathematical symbols, and read algorithms, alternate between data representations, and apply technology. One of many arising questions, due to this matter, are methods most suitable for investigation of students’ achievements in using apt mathematical language. The aim of this paper is to investigate weather (mathematical) expository essay is appropriate method for assessing mathematical communication. The literature analysis showed that it is possible to investigate each integral part presumed by mathematical communication as an assessment element, hence authors advocate mathematical essay as an appropriate method for assessing mathematical communication. The authors suggested framework for assessing students’ mathematical essays across five levels of expertise. In assessment frame a special emphasis was put on mathematical communication and framework for writing mathematical essay, considering structural and substantive components.
Predmetni kurikulum japanskoga jezika
Authors: Srdanović Irena , Diković Marina , Matika Melani
Published: January 2025

Interes za japanski jezik, a posljedično i broj učenika japanskoga jezika u stalnom je porastu na globalnoj, ali i na nacionalnoj razini. Izvođenjem sveučilišnoga studija Japanski jezik i kultura na pulskome sveučilištu, prvoga akreditiranoga japanološkog studija u Hrvatskoj, i nastavničkog smjera na diplomskoj razini otvaraju se mogućnosti uvođenja predmetnoga kurikuluma japanskoga jezika i u srednjim školama u RH. Uz stvaranje obrazovanoga nastavnog kadra objavom udžbenika japanskoga jezika na hrvatskome jeziku osigurani su važni uvjeti za provođenje nastave u srednjim školama, a rezultati anketa u srednjim školama i broj upisanih studenata japanologije ukazuje na veliki interes za ovim jezikom. Cilj je ovoga rada razviti prijedlog predmetnoga kurikuluma Japanskoga jezika za srednje škole u Republici Hrvatskoj sa sadržajem i strukturom koji se temelje na analizi postojećih kurikuluma japanskoga jezika stranih zemalja (kurikulumi Njemačke, Srbije, Kanade i Irske) te na predmetnim kurikulumima stranih jezika Republike Hrvatske (francuski, srpski jezik, grčki i latinski jezik). U prijedlogu su prikazani dijelovi razrađenih odgojno‑ obrazovnih ishoda te su predložene odabrane teme i jezični sadržaji za dva razreda srednjih škola. Osim toga, navedene su i međupredmetne teme koje su u korelaciji.
Učitelji i izazovi poučavanja u osnovnim školama talijanske nacionalne manjine u Rijeci
Authors: Lazzarich Marinko
Published: January 2025

Obrazovni sustav u višeetničkim sredinama ima važnu ulogu u socijalizaciji i očuvanju kulturnoga i jezičnoga identiteta manjina. Zahvaljujući društveno‑povijesnim zbivanjima talijanska sastavnica predstavlja važan identitetski segment grada Rijeke. U Rijeci djeluju četiri osnovne škole talijanske nacionalne manjine. U ovom smo radu istraživali stavove učitelja zaposlenih u tim školama o izazovima s kojima se suočavaju u nastavnoj praksi te provjerili razinu zadovoljstva pedagoškim radom i statusom manjinske škole u lokalnoj sredini. Istraživanje se temelji na kvalitativnoj istraživačkoj paradigmi, a u raspravi se razmatraju implikacije provedene deskriptivne analize. Razvoj manjinskih škola u budućnosti ovisit će o umijeću održavanja brojčane populacije polaznika i očuvanju etničkoga identiteta. Prije analize rezultata istraživanja daje se kraći povijesni pregled osnovnoškolskoga obrazovanja talijanske manjine u Rijeci od 1945. godine do danas.
Life goals and burnout in Croatian elementary school teachers
Authors: Olčar Diana , Rijavec Majda , Rogošić Silvija
Published: January 2025

It is well known that teaching profession is one of the most stressful professions. In this study, through the lens of Self‑Determination Theory, we examined the relationship between teachers’ life goals and occupational burnout. Furthermore, it was examined if the work‑related basic psychological needs and flow serve as mediators between the previously mentioned variables. The study involved 476 primary school teachers from different parts of Croatia. Participants had an average of 17 years of work experience and were all females. The study results showed that extrinsic life goals led directly to a higher level of burnout. Intrinsic life goals led to a lower level of burnout indirectly through higher basic psychological needs satisfaction and more frequent flow experiences. The contribution of this paper lies in examining the relationship between the Self‑Determination Theory variables and the concept of flow. Also, the results can be used to change the working conditions so that they support the teachers’ well‑ being.
Planning the Croatian language lessons from the perspective
Authors: Bjedov Vesna
Published: January 2025

The well-known educational paradigm of student-centered teaching has become a value modern Croatian language teaching increasingly pays special attention to. This kind of teaching supports the student's participation in various tasks and activities and that in its goals promotes a participatory way of planning, then proposing, concluding, collecting data, searching for answers, and encourages trust, helping, discovering and deep empathic understanding. Such teaching implies changed roles of teachers and students, and therefore a change of perspective from: What am I going to teach tomorrow? towards: What will my students learn, achieve, accomplish tomorrow? This change can be observed in several areas: (1) the student's contribution in lesson planning, (2) the function of teaching content, (3) the role of the teacher in relation to the role of the student, and (4) the purpose and processes of evaluation. The aim of this paper is, by applying these categories, to investigate whether teachers of the Croatian language plan their lesson from the perspective of thinking about what the students will learn, achieve and accomplish. The identification of these categories and their analysis and interpretation was achieved on the basis of the research material consisting of 60 collected written preparations for the Croatian language and communication lessons.
Mišljenja nastavnika, stručnih suradnika i ravnatelja srednjih škola o uspješnosti provođenja inkluzivnog obrazovanja za učenike s teškoćama u razvoju
Authors: Bakota Koraljka , Pavičić Dokoza Katarina , Žagmešter Kemfelja Marija
Published: January 2025

Inkluzivno obrazovanje predstavlja pristup obrazovanju koji promiče uključivanje svih učenika, bez obzira na njihove razlike u sposobnostima, u odgojno-obrazovni sustav. S obzirom na to da su glavni nositelji inkluzivnog obrazovanja nastavnici, stručni suradnici i ravnatelji srednjih škola, njihovo mišljenje važno je za uspješno provođenje tog složenog procesa. Cilj ovog istraživanja bio je ispitati mišljenja nastavnika, stručnih suradnika i ravnatelja srednjih škola (N=517) o uspješnosti provođenja inkluzivnog obrazovanja u srednjim školama Republike Hrvatske. Prema rezultatima istraživanja, pokazatelji uspješnosti inkluzivnog obrazovanja u srednjim školama su: prihvaćanje učenika s teškoćama u razvoju od strane vršnjaka, uspješni završetak srednje škole i nastavak obrazovanja. Nastavnici, stručni suradnici i ravnatelji srednjih škola mišljenja su da su vrlo dobro upoznati s metodičkim prilagodbama, poznavanjem mogućnosti i ograničenjima učenika s teškoćama u razvoju. Istraživanje je pokazalo da postoji statistički značajna povezanost suradnje srednjih škola i roditelja učenika s teškoćama u razvoju s uspješnim inkluzivnim obrazovanjem. Pokazalo se da stručni suradnici pružaju najveću podršku nastavnicima i učenicima u školovanju učenika s teškoćama u razvoju. Isto se tako pokazalo da postoji potreba za održavanjem većeg broja edukacija i stručnih posjeta mobilnih timova ekipiranih od strane stručnjaka koji se bave određenim teškoćama. Istraživanje nam govori da je za uspješnost inkluzivnog obrazovanja važno osuvremeniti udžbenike prateći pritom inkluzivni, univerzalni dizajn.
Trendovi u ovisničkim ponašanjima učenika virovitičke gimnazije tijekom 40 godina
Authors: Brlas Siniša , Lješčak Sanja
Published: January 2025

Ovisnost je kronična recidivirajuća bolest mozga i znatno otežava, a u nekim aspektima i onemogućava normalan psihofizički i psihosocijalni rast i razvoj. Ako se ovisničko ponašanje (koje može odvesti u ovisnost) pojavi ranije u životu (u djetinjstvu ili mladosti), značajno se povećavaju rizici za razvoj ovisnosti kasnije u životu. Stoga je važno poduzeti mjere sprječavanja nepovoljnih razvojnih ishoda koji proizlaze iz rizičnih ponašanja, što je osnova preventivnih intervencija. Preventivne je ishode teško izmjeriti, stoga je važno pridržavati se metodologije, a prvi je korak u tome kontekstu istraživanje pojavnosti. Što se neko rizično ponašanje prati dulje u vremenu, jasnije se mogu uočiti trendovi te se stoga može i preciznije odrediti prostor za preventivno djelovanje. Ovaj rad stoga obuhvaća praćenje ovisničkih ponašanja mladih tijekom 40 godina i daje uvid u trendove pojedinih rizika za mlade. Provedeno je među virovitičkim gimnazijalcima u tri vala istraživanja 1983., 1988. i 2023. godine.
Roles of Oligo(ethylene glycol) to Improve Sensing Systems
Authors: H. Kunst Taciana , Menezes Paulo Henrique , S. Paim Ana Paula
Published: January 2025

Sensing systems are important and widely used tools for analytical determinations. The search
for the synthesis of novel, low-cost, effective, and environmentally friendly sensing systems is
a tendency; however, these systems still face several limitations. Oligo(ethylene glycol) (OEG)
has been incorporated into sensing systems to circumvent some drawbacks. This review aims to
show the roles that OEGs can perform and make them easy to access. Several articles dealing
with OEG-containing sensing systems and addressing analytical applications were compiled. Each
article is given on comparative tables focusing on the OEG, detection, and analytical parameters,
and some notorious examples are also discussed in the text. More than ten roles of OEGs were
found and commented on. These roles and their ability to advance sensing systems show that OEGs
are versatile and efficient compounds. OEGs are expected to be a tool for the rational design and
performance improvement of sensing systems.
ANÁLISE DA DINÂMICA ESPAÇO-TEMPORAL DA COBERTURA VEGETAL NA ÁREA DE PROTEÇÃO AMBIENTAL BONFIM-GUARAÍRA/RN
Authors: Araújo da Mata Anna Letícia , Rodrigues de Souza Jairo
Published: January 2025

A ocupação da APA Bonfim-Guaraíra em contrariedade com as normas ambientais demonstra um sério risco à sustentabilidade do meio ambiente. Assim, o objetivo do trabalho é analisar a dinâmica da cobertura vegetal na APA Bonfim-Guaraíra através do processamento digital de imagem, para verificar sua eficácia na preservação dos remanescentes florestais. A análise multitemporal foi realizada a partir de imagens do LANDSAT 5 - TM e SENTINEL 2B - MSI, utilizando composição colorida em falsa cor infravermelho e o Índice de Vegetação por Diferença Normalizada (NDVI). Como resultado, verificou-se aumento das regiões urbanizadas próximas a áreas de fragilidade ambiental, ocasionando áreas de conflito. Apesar disso, houve aumento da Vegetação densa. Assim, este trabalho contribui para que se efetive a custódia das áreas de proteção permanentes já resguardadas juridicamente.
SUSCETIBILIDADE E EXPOSIÇÃO A INUNDAÇÕES FLUVIAIS EM BACIAS HIDRPGRÁFICAS: O CASO DO RIACHO DO SILVA, MACEIÓ, ALAGOAS
Authors: Gama Walber , Neto Jose Vicente Ferreira Neto , Zanella Maria Elisa Zanella
Published: January 2025

O aumento das inundações fluviais em intensidade e frequência e as alterações do clima têm gerado mais danos materiais e perdas de vidas. Além disso, populações habitam planícies fluviais e alteram os leitos de inundações e acabam sendo afetadas por essas alterações. Assim, esse estudo visa identificar as áreas potenciais e os níveis de suscetibilidade a inundações fluviais com aplicação do modelo conceitual de inundações fluviais na bacia hidrográfica do riacho do Silva com superfície de 10,2 km2 por um processo interativo de análise multicritério (AMC) num Sistema de Informação Geográfica (SIG). O modelo indicou aumento da exposição das edificações ao perigo de inundações fluviais ao longo dos 21 anos e torna-se importante ferramenta para gestão e subsídio às medidas de mitigação dos riscos de inundações fluviais na bacia hidrográfica do riacho do Silva, sendo base para um sistema de alerta de enchentes.
ANÁLISE DE ILHAS DE CALOR A PARTIR DE AVALIAÇÃO DE VARIÁVEIS URBANAS E AMBIENTAIS NO SETOR BUENO – GOIÂNIA/GO (2020)
Authors: Lopes Estéfane da Silva , Nascimento Diego Tarley Ferreira , Hora Karla Emmanuela Ribeiro
Published: January 2025

Esta pesquisa tenta analisar a influência das variáveis urbanas e ambientais para formação e intensidade de ilhas de calor, tendo como estudo de caso o Setor Bueno, um bairro de Goiânia, capital do estado de Goiás, Brasil. A ilha de calor foi modelada a partir do processamento da banda termal do satélite Landsat 8, ao longo dos meses de janeiro a dezembro de 2020. Para avaliação da relação da interferência das variáveis urbanas e ambientais relacionadas com as ilhas de calor, foi adotado o modelo de regressão linear múltipla. Os resultados indicam que a temperatura varia em diferentes meses de acordo com a sazonalidade climática da cidade, com as maiores intensidades das ilhas de calor durante a transição entre a estação seca e chuvosa. O modelo de regressão linear múltipla demonstra que a ilha de calor é altamente correlacionável com as variáveis urbanas.
TERRITÓRIO E FRONTEIRA
Authors: Sainté Guerby , Cataia Márcio
Published: January 2025

Este artigo tem como objetivo realizar uma análise sobre os territórios do Haiti e da República Dominicana a partir do comércio na zona fronteiriça entre as cidades de Ouanaminthe e Dajabón, assim como os impactos socioespaciais e econômicos decorrentes desta relação. Partimos do princípio de que o comércio em áreas de fronteira possui relevância cada vez maior no cenário nacional e regional para os dois países, evidenciada na abertura comercial após os governos ditatoriais, bem como na busca pela inserção e protagonismo nessa dinâmica. A economia local na área de fronteira permite que as populações troquem e comercializem diversos bens e serviços, sendo mais atrativa quando comparada às regiões no interior desses países. Sobre a metodologia, foram realizados os seguintes procedimentos: i) levantamento bibliográfico sobre a área e os conceitos que permeiam as discussões; ii) consulta aos dados e relatórios oficiais dos dois países; iii) realização de trabalho de campo, com entrevistas de comerciantes e pessoas presentes no mercado binacional; e iv) registros fotográficos. A análise sobre a importância do comércio nas cidades transfronteiriças é um desafio importante, pois abre novas possibilidades de interpretação vinculadas aos fluxos no território.