bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Large scale models in radiology: revolutionizing the future of medical imaging
Authors: Li Yilin , Liu Jiaojiao , Zhang Yanyan , Wei Jingwei , Luo Yang , Yang Xue , Shi Yanbin , Zhao Lingling , Yang Wanshui , Li Hongjun , Tian Jie
Published: February 2024

In the domain of medical image analysis, there is a burgeoning recognition and adoption of large models distinguished by their extensive parameter count and intricate neural network architecture that is predominantly due to their outstanding performance. This review article seeks to concisely explore the historical evolution, specific applications, and training methodologies associated with these large models considering their current prominence in medical image analysis. Moreover, we delve into the prevailing challenges and prospective opportunities related to the utilization of large models in the context of medical image analysis. Through a comprehensive analysis of these substantial models, this study aspires to provide valuable insights and guidance to researchers in the field of radiology, fostering further advances and optimizations in their incorporation into medical image analysis practices, in accordance with the submission requirements.
Rodrick: A Voice Assistant Using Python
Authors: Kazi Arsheen , Kazi Samreen
Published: February 2024

Automation in technology has bolstered the living experience of everyone. Rodrick is a voice assistant, an application which uses Speech Recognition to perform the user’s tasks. Rodrick was specifically designed for people suffering with learning or physical disabilities, so that they can easily perform their day-to-day activities hassle-free using just their natural voice as command rather than using the keyboard to type those commands. It does so by taking in the user input in form of the voice or spoken commands, which is then processed by it and returns the response in by either performing an action like playing music or the search result is spoken out to the end user like reading emails from the inbox acting as the users own personal assistant.
FUNERAL RITES AND BELIEFS IN THE EPIC "MANAS"
Authors:   National Academy of Sciences of Kyrgyz Republic named after Ch. Aitmatov, Bekbolotov Akinbek
Published: February 2024

The article examines the ancient mythological ideas of the Kyrgyz people, as well as the Turkic Mughal peoples about the belief in ghosts, as well as Myths and legends found in the epic "Manas" (S. Orozbakov, S. Karalaev, M. M. Chokmorova). At the same time, the epic tells how the ghost of fallen heroes, in order to protect their people, their offspring, when heroes die on the battlefield, why they do not throw their enemies to the ground when they fight, with all their might take the hero's body out of the hands of their enemies and what danger his descendants pose if his the corpse remains in the hands of the enemies. Based on the epic "Manas", along with an analysis of magical beliefs about why the hero Manas was given to a secret place, attempts to alleviate sin in this world when a person enters the afterlife, rituals in which, along with the Islamic religion, early beliefs are intertwined, as well as a person's worldview along with classical ones are given in relative order. variants of the epic "Manas".
VERBAL AND NONVERBAL COMPONENTS INFLUENCE ON THE PERCEPTION OF А CREOLIZED TEXT
Authors:   Kyrgyz State University named after I. Arabayev, Jenishova Suusara
Published: February 2024

One of the urgent problems of modern cognitive linguistics is the problem of text reception, the question of its semantic perception is raised, in addition, it should be noted that it has not yet been established in what form the verbal and nonverbal components of the text are stored in human memory. It should be noted that in recent years, interest in the visual presentation of information, including non-verbal means of communication, has increased even more due to the requirements of modern social media focused on clip-based rapid delivery of polycode information, which, as a rule, do not require concentration of attention, but can have a clip-based surface effect on the audience's thinking. As a result, there were works devoted not to the traditional linguistics of the text, but to the linguistics of a polycode, semiotically complicated text, in which creolized texts (CT) became the object of research. Creolized texts are texts consisting of verbal and nonverbal (illustrative) parts, later the term multimodal text appeared. It should be noted, however, that researchers studying creolized texts, as a rule, are limited only to studying the relationship between the verbal and nonverbal (iconic) parts of the text. As you know, at the moment a comprehensive study of the impact assessment of the creolized text has not yet developed. Thus, the problem brought up for consideration in this article is the problem of semantic perception of a creolized text (CT) consisting of an image and a word.
El Poder de los Materiales
Authors: Vilar Garcia Sara
Published: February 2024

Reflexionar sobre la materialidad, las texturas, la experiencia táctil, los colores, el peso de la materia y su poética, se ha vuelto imprescindible para un considerable número de artistas. Explorar procesos y materiales de manera no convencional es esencial para generar resultados innovadores. También lo es relacionarse con otras disciplinas y culturas, pues nos brinda la oportunidad de conocer nuevos materiales y nos ofrece infinitas posibilidades para crear.
Nos enfrentamos a obras abiertas a una modificación constante, donde la experimentación y el proceso a lo largo de toda la elaboración, adquieren más importancia que la pieza acabada. Palpar la materia, interactuar con las herramientas, jugar, hacer, reflexionar, observar, deshacer y rehacer, constituyen una manera de abordar la práctica creativa desde la acción. Al mismo tiempo, el arte puede convertirse en el contexto idóneo para repensar las formas de producir, donde la elección de materiales respetuosos con el medio ambiente sea algo fundamental en un mundo preocupado por la sostenibilidad. Una estrategia de producción que establece un diálogo entre la práctica y el pensamiento, entre el procedimiento y el concepto, donde es esencial comprender y explorar los materiales, permitiéndoles que nos cautiven y estimulen nuestra imaginación
Understanding the Effect of Rajyog Meditation on Biomolecular and Behavioural Co-relates of Stress in Patients Undergoing Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery
Authors: Yadav Kajal , Choudhury Minati , Kalaivani M , Gupta Anushree
Published: February 2024

Background: The role of psychological health in impacting the risk factors for heart disease is well recognized. Patients undergoing corrective surgery for Coronary Artery Disease undergo much anxiety and depression that negatively impact the overall health of the heart. Higher levels of biomarkers that promote atherosclerosis is frequently found in individuals with negative psychological health. Improving psychological health can lead to healthier surgical outcome. Various relaxation techniques including meditation are used to relax and reduce a person’s stress and anxiety and are gaining importance in peri-operative stress management procedures. Aim: It was the aim of present study to evaluate the role of Rajyog meditation in bringing down surgery related stress levels in patients undergoing Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting Surgery. This was sought to be achieved by measuring the variations in their circulating plasma endothelin-1 levels (molecular stress marker) after being imparted with relaxation therapy in the form of meditation followed by association analysis with subjective indicators of stress. Design: Randomized controlled Trial Setting: A total of 60 patients undergoing Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting Surgery, thirty each in non-intervention and intervention groups and fulfilling the inclusion criterion were enrolled in the study. Intervention: Relaxation therapy in the form of Rajyoga Meditation was imparted for one month to patients only in the intervention group, before they underwent Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting Surgery. Main outcome measures: Blood samples were collected before meditation, post-meditation/before surgery, post-meditation/after surgery and circulating plasma Endothelin-1 levels measured by sandwich ELISA. Clinical parameters were determined based on analysis of compiled questionnaires. Results: The sleep quality improved and anxiety levels reduced after meditation (p = 0.002 and p= 0.005 respectively) in the intervention group as a whole. There was a drop in median plasma Endothelin-1 levels from 1.68 pg/ml to 1.38 pg/ml after meditation in the intervention group and a concomitant rise of median plasma Endothelin-1 levels from 1.0 pg/ml to 2.05 pg/ml in the non-intervention group. Conclusions: The findings suggest that Rajyog meditation can bring about a beneficial difference in the subjective clinical parameters of patients and also a drop in plasma Endothelin-1 levels distinct from a rise in its levels in the non-intervention group.
The influence of leadership style, business ethics, and environmental performance toward corporate social performance and its impact on corporate financial performance
Authors: Hasbu Wiyas Yulias , Zarkasyi Wahyudin , Suharman Harry , Poulus Sugiono
Published: February 2024

The study presents research clarifying the influence of leadership style, business ethics, and environmental performance on corporate social performance and its implications for corporate financial performance. A survey was done in manufacturing companies of Indonesia’s State Own Enterprise (SOE) and affiliates. Corporate performance is not solely directed towards shareholders or exclusively defined by financial measures; rather, it encompasses a focus on the impact of the organization on the society in which it operates. The style of leadership plays a crucial role in influencing the strategic management process, enabling the organization to implement successful strategies to realize its vision. Business ethics provide advantages to companies by fostering a favorable influence on their competitive edge in the corporate landscape. Environmental concerns are gaining growing significance among various corporate stakeholders, encompassing consumers, shareholders, prospective investors, creditors, regulatory bodies, employees, and the wider public. The finding of the study was that a leadership style had a positive influence on corporate social performance but a negative influence on corporate financial performance. Business ethics had a negative influence on financial performance but a positive influence on corporate social performance and environmental performance. Environmental performance had a negative influence on corporate social performance but positive influence on financial performance. Corporate social performance has a positive influence on corporate financial performance.
The Effectiveness of Distance Learning Assessment Practices: Case Study
Authors: Hamzaoui Radoine , Abdeslam Boudhar , OUASSAM Elhoucine , Bachiri Younes-Aziz , Belaid Bouikhalene
Published: February 2024

Assessment is an essential component of the educational process as it tracks the progress of lessons, activities and facilitates learning through formative assessment or measures performance towards graduation or entry to higher levels of education or employment through summative assessment. However, increasing student enrollments in open-access educational institutions and the need for frequent assessments have led to a shift towards ICT (information and communication technologies) based remote assessment methods. The emergence of health emergencies and the strategy of Moroccan higher education has further accelerated this transition from traditional in-person assessments to remote assessments. This study uses a transversal research design to analyze the impact of distance assessment practices at Sultan Moulay Slimane University in Morocco. The research method includes the development of a benchmark for distance education evaluation methods and a statistical survey of randomly selected students (293) in eight university establishments, as well as other stakeholders involved in the remote assessment process. The objective is to determine the evaluation methodologies most appropriate to the specific context of Sultan Moulay Slimane University. Data is analyzed using descriptive statistics.
Upholding the Strategy on Hiring Employee under Meritocracy Procedure towards a Refined Performance
Authors: V. Divina Leonora
Published: February 2024

In today's competitive business environment, companies are constantly searching for novel recruitment and retention strategies. Recruitment and selection of employees are essential components of this process due to their direct impact on a company's overall performance and growth. Numerous companies have instituted a meritocracy system to ensure that the hiring process is equitable, efficient, and in line with company objectives. A meritocracy is a system that emphasizes the significance of individual merit and performance in determining whether or not someone is hired or promoted. It promotes the notion that rewards should be distributed based on a person's abilities, skills, and achievements, as opposed to bias, partiality, or personal relationships. By enforcing a meritocracy method and fostering a culture of justice, openness, and equal opportunity, organizations strive to create a level playing field for all applicants. In government agencies, unfair employment practices pose a serious problem. Consequently, the researchers propose to contribute to this issue by preserving the meritocracy recruiting method, which addresses a variety of issues such as employee comprehension of meritocracy and its consequences. The significance of enhanced performance and the enormous difference it can produce if not executed properly. A meritocracy method is one in which candidates are recruited, chosen, employed, and promoted solely based on their merit. This incorporates suitability for work and merit, with the aim of eradicating unethical employment practices and fostering effective job performance that contributes to the development of one's own community. The study investigates the importance of maintaining the practice of selecting personnel on the basis of merit. It will examine the many facets of this strategy, including its benefits, drawbacks, and prospective effects on organizational performance.
Péptidos antimicrobianos de moluscos marinos
Authors:   Tecnológico Nacional de México, La Paz, Baja California Sur, México, Almazan Pérez Hivaell Sebastian , Rivera-Pérez Crisalejandra
Published: February 2024

Los péptidos antimicrobianos (AMPs) son moléculas pequeñas producidas naturalmente por muchos organismos, incluidos los moluscos marinos, para defenderse contra las bacterias y otros patógenos. Estos péptidos son de gran interés debido a sus propiedades antimicrobianas, que los convierten en posibles alternativas a los antibióticos tradicionales. Los AMPs de moluscos marinos pueden ser únicos en su estructura y función, lo que los hace potencialmente más efectivos contra ciertos tipos de bacterias. Algunos estudios han demostrado que los AMPs derivados de moluscos marinos tienen actividad contra una amplia gama de bacterias patógenas, incluyendo algunas que son resistentes a los antibióticos tradicionales. En la presente revisión se hace un análisis de los AMPs derivados de moluscos marinos descritos de 2012 a 2022, mencionando el tipo de actividad específica que ejercen, así como el organismo y tejido desde el que se obtuvo. Además, se incluyen estudios de péptidos encriptados de diferentes tejidos de moluscos y su capacidad antimicrobiana. Finalmente, se hace hincapié en la importancia de estos compuestos y el papel que tienen para otorgar valor agregado a diversos subproductos pesqueros, así como su potencial como una solución a futuro para contrarrestar la creciente resistencia antimicrobiana.
Conociendo al tiburón mamón (Mustelus californicus)
Authors:   Universidad Autónoma de Baja California Sur, Carretera al sur km 5.5. A. P. 19-B, 23080, La Paz, Baja California Sur, México, Lara Ariagna , Romo-Piñeira Abril ,   Universidad Autónoma de Baja California Sur, Carretera al sur km 5.5. A. P. 19-B, 23080, La Paz, Baja California Sur, México, Escobar-Sánchez Ofelia
Published: February 2024

El tiburón mamón, tripa o musola gris (Mustelus californicus) es una especie de tamaño mediano no muy conocido por la comunidad. Se distribuye en la costa este del océano Pacífico, desde el norte de California en Estados Unidos, hasta el Golfo de California en México. Se caracteriza por tener un cuerpo delgado y cabeza corta con surcos labiales superiores e inferiores de la boca casi del mismo tamaño. Su reproducción es vivípara placentaria. Se alimenta principalmente de crustáceos y ocasionalmente de peces pequeños.
Del tecuitlatl azteca a la Spirulina: un recurso biotecnológico
Authors:   Laboratorio de Biotecnología de Microalgas. Programa de Acuicultura. Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste (CIBNOR). Avenida IPN 195. Colonia Playa Palo de Santa Rita Sur. La Paz, Baja California Sur, 23096., Pérez Romero Cecilia Izchel , Arredondo Vega Bertha Olivia ,   Laboratorio de Biotecnología de Microalgas. Programa de Acuicultura. Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste (CIBNOR). Avenida IPN 195. Colonia Playa Palo de Santa Rita Sur. La Paz, Baja California Sur, 23096.
Published: February 2024

El tecuitlatl o Spirulina maxima desempeñó un papel importante en la alimentación de los aztecas, el cual era recolectado del lago de Texcoco en forma de lama que secaba al sol. Spirulina maxima pertenece al grupo de las cianobacterias fotosintéticas, se distribuye en ambientes salobres, de agua dulce y marinos. Por su elevado contenido de proteínas, ácidos grasos (ácido linolénico omega 3), pigmentos (clorofila a, β-caroteno), vitaminas, antioxidantes y minerales, está catalogada como complemento nutritivo para el humano. Además, en el sector alimenticio, es utilizada como colorante natural y ayuda en la prevención de algunas enfermedades. En este trabajo se presenta el potencial de Spirulina maxima respecto a su nivel nutrimental (alimento GRAS: Generalmente Reconocido como Alimento Seguro), como una alternativa viable para su escalamiento y comercialización en el Estado de Baja California Sur, en el entorno de la economía azul y circular
La Muerte y otras sorpresas: divulgación de la ciencia forense
Authors:   Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste, S. C., La Paz, B.C.S., 23090, México, Hernández Cortés Patricia
Published: February 2024

El libro “Todo lo que queda” no es un tratado de la muerte; más bien, a través de la parcial autobiografía de la Profesora Dame Sue Black, nos presenta diversas facetas de este fenómeno. La Dra. Black, una de las principales antropólogas forenses y anatomistas del mundo, oriunda de Inverness, Escocia, con 62 años de edad, es directora del Saint John’s College de la Universidad de Cambridge y miembro de la Cámara de los Lores.
Ley, disputas y luchas por el reconocimiento
Authors: Betrisey Débora
Published: February 2024

Este trabajo analiza las prácticas políticas de emigrantes españoles que, en el marco de diversas organizaciones, denuncian un ejercicio desigual del derecho al voto en el extranjero a partir de la aprobación de la Ley Orgánica 2/2011 que regula el Régimen Electoral General. La investigación forma parte de un amplio campo de estudios empíricos que analizan la relación entre política y derecho sobre la que se sostienen múltiples demandas y sobre la que se moldean subjetividades políticas. Desde una perspectiva histórico-etnográfica, el objetivo es demostrar cómo las prácticas políticas de estos emigrantes, basadas en el lenguaje contencioso de los derechos ciudadanos, conforman diferentes formas de comunidad organizada en búsqueda de vías de transformación de la mencionada ley. Y, al mismo tiempo, un reconocimiento como sujetos políticos dentro del campo político-nacional. 
 
PALABRAS CLAVE: política; derecho; etnografía, subjetividad; estado-nación
Prisões em flagrante da lei antidrogas durante a pandemia
Authors: De Araújo Oliveira Amanda Vitória , Alves Xavier Ramos Lais , Machado Érica Babini Lapa do Amaral
Published: February 2024

Quem são as pessoas presas em flagrante por tráfico de drogas no Recife durante a pandemia? As gratificações pagas aos policiais em razão do Programa Pacto pela Vida demonstram algum impacto nas prisões neste período? O estudo mapeia prisões em flagrante por tráfico de entorpecentes em Recife (Pernambuco) entre 17 de março de 2020 e 17 de março de 2021, apresentando dados quantitativos referentes ao perfil dos sujeitos presos e as condições de realização do flagrante. De um lado, dispensando maiores esforços teóricos em torno de uma já solidificada discussão criminológica acerca da seletividade que opera no sistema punitivo, evidencia-se continuidades, em que o jovem preto ou pardo, de baixa escolaridade e frequentador das áreas  periféricas da cidade é o alvo preferencial da polícia militar; de outro, discute-se o incremento das práticas autoritárias apresentadas, analiticamente, em três blocos: a perversidade do sistema de justiça criminal para quem não teve o direito de lutar para viver, as ilegalidades relativas ao flagrante e a monetarização da violência policial. A partir da lente teórica da criminologia atuarial, somada ao cruzamento dos dados, compreende-se a política de segurança por uma perspectiva eficientista e identifica-se a potencialização de violações a direitos fundamentais, dado o cenário de emergência sanitária.
Exploratory analysis of the enforcement actions of the foreign corrupt practices act of the United States
Authors: Artaza Osvaldo , Medina Rodrigo , Ortiz Sebastian , Vargas Gloria
Published: February 2024

The purpose of this research is to analyze corporate bribery in international business through a case study, in particular, a series of enforcement actions carried out in compliance with the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act of the United States between 2011 and 2022. For this purpose, an exploratory research approach was followed, focused on answering the following questions: What motivates the offering of bribes around obtaining and maintaining business in international business? What relevant distinctions can be made to better understand this phenomenon? Based on the results of the case studies, a series of categories are proposed, the analysis of which may help to promote the private sector's capacity to prevent this illicit activity by facilitating the identification of risky activities or processes and possible mechanisms for their control.
Tension between judicial practices and the procedural iter regarding domestic violence judicial cases involving women
Authors: Arenas Massa Angela , Ortega Colihuinca Teresa , Riveros Ferrada Carolina
Published: February 2024

Violence within the family is a global problem that addresses with special concern that relapse against women. International guidelines point to professionalized care for women in different areas of public life, including access to justice, promoting the generation of specials data. The objective of the study is to characterize the judicial cases on domestic violence against women and referred to the Legal Clinic of the Finis Terrae University from the Center for Precautionary Measures of the Family Courts of Santiago de Chile, between the years 2017-2021, providing a better knowledge and understanding of the development of this phenomenon, from the judicial process. The methodology used has been quantitative and includes a universe of 553 causes. The results project to the need for fluid interaction between Family Courts and Regional Governments, as well as the importance of complying with legal procedures. Judicial practices require judges and officials of the Family Courts who are educated and attentive to considering timely attention in the various phases of the trial, as part of the guarantee of access to justice.
Bibliografi Sejarah Perkotaan: Dari Kota Tradisional sampai Modern
Authors: Handayani Sri Ana
Published: February 2024

Dewasa ini sejarah perkotaan menjadi perhatian para pakar sejarah, sehubungan dengan pesatnya perkembangan kota di berbagai daerah di Indonesia. Publikasi yang berkaitan dengan permasalahan perkotaan sudah dimulai pada era pemerintahan Hindia Belanda, walaupun masih terbatas pada peran pemerintah serta perkembangan kota. Publikasi perkotaan berupa referensi, jurnal, serta media massa semakin merebak, setelah Indonesia merdeka. Pengkajian perkotaan semakin bervariasi dari kota tradisional sampai modern dengan berbagai permasalahannya. Permasalahan dalam kajian ini adalah bagaimana mempelajari dokumentasi dan referensi sejarah perkotaan yang cukup panjang kronologisnya, bagimana mengidetifikasi kesejajaran sejarah perkotaan masa lalu dan masa kini, serta bagimana memperoleh pengetahuan tentang perkotaan dari satu daerah ke daerah lain dalam kurun waktu yang berbeda. Untuk menelusuri perkembangan perkotaan di Indonesia, salah satunya adalah melalui bibliografis perkotaan. Tujuan dari kajian ini adalah menginventarisasi dan mengindentifikasi sejumlah publikasi yang terbit era pemerintahan Hindia Belanda, dan masa kemerdekaan dengan terlebih dahulu menguraikan konteks sejarahnya. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode sejarah yang memiliki empat tahapan kerja, yaitu heuristik, kritik, interpretasi, dan historiografi. Kesimpulan yang diperoleh yaitu, ketersediaan bibliografi sejarah perkotaan dari kota tradisional sudah banyak dengan fokus kajian yang sangat bervariasi, terutama pertumbuhan dan perkembangan berbagai perkotaan di Jawa. Hal ini mempermudah merekonstruksi suatu perkotaan. Pengetahuan tentang bibliografi perkotaan sangat bermanfaat untuk menganalisis perubahan, kesinambungan, serta permasalah perkotaan di berbagai daerah di Indonesia.
Dinamika Kesenian Tari Gandrung Di Afdeling Banyuwangi Pada Tahun 1890-1930
Authors: Sauri Sofyan
Published: February 2024

Penelitian ini mengkaji dinamika kesenian tari Gandrung di Afdeling Banyuwangi tahun 1890-1930. Rumusan masalah penelitian ini adalah: 1. Bagaimana awal munculnya kesenian tari Gandrung Banyuwangi?, 2. Bagaimana kondisi tari Gandrung Banyuwangi pada tahun 1890-1930?, 3. Apa saja pengaruh tari Gandrung bagi masyarakat Banyuwangi pada tahun 1890-1930?. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode sejarah yang terdiri dari: heuristik, kritik, interpretasi, dan historiografi. Pendekatan yang digunakan adalah sosiokultural. Alat analisa yang digunakan adalah teori hibriditas milik Homi K. Bhabha dan teori orientalisme Edward W. Said. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya perubahan pada kesenian tari Gandrung di Afdeling Banyuwangi pada tahun 1890-1930. Perubahan tersebut terdiri dari: perubahan fungsi kesenian tari Gandrung dari tari ritus menjadi tari profan dalam performance art, perubahan kostum yang secara signifikan mengerucut pada estetika kostum penari Gandrung bertolok ukur pada manifestasi daya tarik yang dihasilkan, dan perubahan instrumen musik orkestra kesenian tari Gandrung dari sederhana menjadi lebih kompleks. Secara insidental, kesenian tari Gandrung menimbulkan dampak ekonomi pada seniman tari Gandrung dan masyarakat. Secara politis, bias identitas kesenian tari Gandrung Banyuwangi terdistorsi oleh profanisme kesenian tari Gandrung dari Banyuwangi. Syair Gandrung menjadi media perjuangan seniman Banyuwangi untuk melawan penjajahan Belanda dengan menggunakan pewartaan perlawanan melalui gending podo nonton. Memudarnya pakem tradisi dalam tari Gandrung menyebabkan kesenian tersebut mampu eksis pada ranah seni.
Modelling lubricating oil wear using fuzzy logic
Authors: Skonieczna Daria , Szczyglak Piotr , Lemecha Magdalena
Published: February 2024

The content of this article presents research on used and fresh engine oils. The aim of the experiment is to preliminarily develop a method for assessing the condition of engine oil subjected to service.
A four-ball tester was used to compare the lubricating properties of the engine oil as one component of the tribosystem under laboratory conditions. The method used to determine the mashing load consisted of subjecting the kinematic node to a linearly increasing load with a build-up rate of 409 N·s-1 under operating conditions of approximately 20°C and a spindle speed of 500 rpm. The presented article is a continuation of the consideration of the lubricating properties of engine oils subjected to operation.
The tests carried out made it possible to observe that fresh oils are characterised by their ability to carry higher loads in relation to oils subjected to service. This is evidenced by the obtained values of scuffing loads, which have a higher value for fresh oils (The average percentage increase in scuffing load for fresh oils was 62.23%). Comparing the friction torque characteristics with each other, it can be seen that the values of maximum friction torque are also higher for the fresh oils group.
The modelling process made it possible to characterise changes in the tribological properties of the lubricating oil being used. In the future, the described model will be extended to include further input parameters (viscosity, contaminant content, fractional composition, etc.), which will allow a multi-parametric assessment of lubricating oil wear.
Phytocenotic peculiarities of plant communities of the forest type dubnyak boromyatlikovy and stability of tree stands in them under the conditions of the south of the Volga upland
Authors: Коржавин В.Е. , Захаров Р.С. , Кабанов С.В.
Published: February 2024

В статье приведены результаты полевых исследований сообществ, схожих по занимаемому экологическому пространству режимов солевого богатства почв (Tr) и увлажнения (Hd) с типом леса дубняк дубравномятликовый. Фоновыми видами древостоев являются Quercus robur L., Tilia cordata Mill., Betula pendula Roth., Populus tremula L., Acer platanoides L.; подлеска – Euonymus verrucosa Scop., Sorbus aucuparia L.; напочвенного покрова – Convallaria majalis L., Poa nemoralis L., Galium odoratum (L.) Scop. Эколого-ценотические спектры растений дубовых сообществ отличаются от остальных меньшей долей неморальных (Nm) видов, несколько большей – лугово-степных (сухо- (MDr) и влажно-луговых (MFr), а также степных (St)) видов. Дубовую часть древостоев можно считать устойчивой на основании критериев H/G, S2 и динамике таксационных характеристик, ценопопуляцию Q. robur L. вследствие одновозрастности деревьев и отсутствия постоянного оборота поколения – нестабильной и деградирующей.

The article presents the results of field studies of indigenous and derived communities, similar in terms of the ecological space occupied by the regimes of salt richness of soils (Tr) and moisture (Hd) with the type of forest oak forest, boromum. Background species of forest stands are Quercus robur L., Tilia cordata Mill., Betula pendula Roth., Populus tremula L., Acer platanoides L.; undergrowth – Euonymus verrucosa Scop., Sorbus aucuparia L.; ground cover – Convallaria majalis L., Poa nemoralis L., Galium odoratum (L.) Scop. The ecological-coenotic spectra of plants of indigenous communities differ from derivatives in a smaller proportion of nemoral (Nm) species, somewhat larger in meadow-steppe (dry (MDr) and wet-meadow (MFr), as well as steppe (St) species). The oak part of the forest stands can be considered stable based on the H/G, S2 criteria and the dynamics of taxation characteristics, while the cenopopulation of Q. robur L. due to the same age of the trees and the absence of a constant generation turnover is unstable and degrading.
Multivariant Scenarios for the Dynamics of Forest Use in the Arkhangelsk Region
Authors: Коптев С.В. , Третьяков С.В. , Ильинцев А.С. , Дрожжин Д.П. , Шамонтьев И.Г.
Published: February 2024

Прогнозные расчеты использования и воспроизводства лесов, реализованные в виде различных, наиболее вероятных и перспективных сценариев, необходимы для стратегического планирования развития лесного сектора на региональном уровне. В данном исследовании получены научно обоснованные параметры объемов использования лесов на длительную перспективу, сопоставимую с оборотами рубки в хвойных хозяйственных секциях в лесах Архангельской области. В работе приведен анализ моделирования сценариев для лесов Архангельской области с использованием модели, разработанной учеными Северного НИИ лесного хозяйства (автор, доктор с.-х. наук Н.П. Чупров), классические варианты расчета лесосек, проводимых при выполнении лесоустройства. Результаты исследования показывают возможность поддержания стабильно высокого уровня объемов использования лесов по хвойным хозяйственным секциям с учетом смены пород и выполнения комплекса лесохозяйственных мероприятий. Для лесничеств юга Архангельской области прогнозируемый размер пользования лесом получается ниже официально принятых объемов, для лесничеств северной части наблюдается превышение расчетной лесосеки, для центральной части прогнозируемые объемы практически совпадают с расчетной лесосекой. Реализация интенсивной модели использования и воспроизводства лесов в регионе является одним из показателей вероятного применения одного из оптимальных сценариев многовариантного прогноза.

Forecast calculations of the use and reproduction of forests, implemented in the form of various, most probable and promising scenarios, are necessary for strategic planning of forestry sector development at the regional level. In this study, scientifically based parameters of forest use volume for the long term, comparable to the felling turnover in coniferous stands in the forests of the Arkhangelsk region, were obtained. The paper presents an analysis of scenarios modeling for the Arkhangelsk region forests using the model developed by scientists from the Northern Research Institute of Forestry (author N.P. Chuprov), classical options for calculating allowable cutting volumes carried out during performing forest inventory. The results of the study show the possibility of maintaining a consistently high level of forest use, taking into account the species change and the implementation of forestry measures complex. For the forest management units of the south part of the Arkhangelsk region, the predicted amount of forest use is lower than the officially accepted volumes, for the forestry’s of the northern part, there is an excess of the allowable cutting volume, for the central part it practically coincides. The implementation of an intensive model for the use and reproduction of forests in the region is one of the indicators of the likely application of one of the optimal multivariate forecast scenarios.
The design of a mobile band saw machine for longitudinal sawing of round timber
Authors: Царев Е.М. , Рукомойников К.П. , Анисимов С.Е. , Анисимов Н.С. , Петухов И.В. , Анисимов П.Н.
Published: February 2024

В статье рассмотрены вопросы продольной распиловки круглых лесоматериалов. Целью исследований являлась разработка ленточнопильного станка с упрощенной конструкцией, со сниженной металлоемкостью и увеличенной мобильностью. Реализована разработка нового технического решения в области конструкций ленточнопильных станков, непривязанных к конкретному одному цеху, а способных производить распиловку в разных местах, включая лесосеку. В статье дано подробное описание конструкции нового деревообрабатывающего станка и последовательность его работы при доставке на лесосеку для распиловки круглых лесоматериалов. Силовой агрегат через карданный вал автомашины, конический редуктор, ременную передачу и подшипниковый узел передает крутящий момент на ступенчатый шкив, образованный автомобильными резиновыми шинами двух разных диаметров, которые приводят в движение ленточную пилу. Предложенный вариант устройства ленточнопильного станка для продольной распиловки круглых лесоматериалов позволяет упростить конструкцию станка, уменьшить ее габариты и дает возможность производить продольную распиловку вдали от деревообрабатывающего предприятия, повышая мобильность технологического процесса. Получаемые необрезные пиломатериалы можно сразу транспортировать потребителю, что снижает себестоимость транспортировки сырья и хранения готовой продукции.

The article deals with the issues of longitudinal sawing of round timber. The aim of the research was to develop a band saw with a simplified design, with reduced metal consumption and increased mobility. The development of a new technical solution in the field of designs of band saws, not tied to a specific one workshop, but capable of sawing in different places, including cutting areas, was implemented. The article gives a detailed description of the design of the new woodworking machine and the sequence of its work when delivered to the logging site for sawing round timber. The power unit transmits torque through the driveshaft of the vehicle, the tapered gearbox, the belt gear and the bearing assembly to the stepped pulley formed by the automobile rubber tires of two different diameters that drive the band saw. The proposed design of the device of the band saw for longitudinal sawing of round timber allows to simplify the design of the machine, reduce its dimensions and makes it possible to produce longitudinal sawing away from the woodworking enterprise, increasing the mobility of the technological process. The resulting unedged lumber can be immediately transported to the consumer, which reduces the cost of production transportation of raw materials and storage of finished products.
Comprehensive studies of the thermal and moisture properties of subgrade soils of logging roads
Authors: Брюховецкий А.Н. , Скрыпников А.В. , Володина Ю.Ю. , Мирзоев Д.Д. , Сергеев А.С. , Карпов А.А.
Published: February 2024

В статье описана методика исследования тепловлажностных свойств грунтов комплексными методами, позволяющими на основе испытания одного образца определять одновременно и тепловые характеристики, и влажностные свойства грунтов. Представленная методика реализована с помощью специально разработанной установки для комплексного определения тепловлажностных свойств грунтов. В итоге получены значения коэффициентов теплопроводности, температуропроводности и удельной теплоемкости для суглинков, супесей и исследовано влияние плотности и влажности на их величину. Исследованы ТВС грунтов при различных влажностях и коэффициентах уплотнения. Определены основные теплофизические характеристики и влажностные свойства тяжелых суглинков для различных влажностей и плотностей. Произведена статистическая обработка измерений с целью определения относительной погрешности и необходимого числа измерений.

The article describes a methodology for studying the thermal and moisture properties of soils by complex methods that allow determining both thermal characteristics and moisture properties of soils on the basis of testing a single sample. The presented technique is implemented with the help of a specially developed installation for the complex determination of thermal and moisture properties of soils. As a result, the values of the coefficients of thermal conductivity, thermal conductivity and specific heat capacity for loams, sandy loams were obtained, and the effect of density and humidity on their magnitude was investigated. The fuel assemblies of soils at various humidities and compaction coefficients were studied. The main thermophysical characteristics and humidity properties of heavy loams for various humidities and densities are determined. Statistical processing of measurements was carried out in order to determine the relative error and the required number of measurements.
Modification of mineral filler with nanofiber cellulose
Authors: Малютина Д.И. , Смирнова Е.Г.
Published: February 2024

Показана возможность модификации минерального наполнителя- карбоната кальция ноноволоконной целлюлозой. В качестве нановолоконной целлюлозы применена бактериальная целлюлоза, синтезированная штаммом бактерий Komagataeibacter rhaeticus CALU-1629 в количестве 1–5% к массе а.с. волокна. Установлено, что модификация наполнителя бактериальной целлюлозой позволяет получить бумагу с содержанием наполнителя до 50%, обеспечивая его удержание в бумаге на 95–98% без применения удерживающих веществ. Модификация наполнителя бактериальной целлюлозой позволяет повысить механическую прочность бумаги с наполнителем и снизить впитывающую способность бумаги, что даст возможность значительно сократить использование катионного крахмала и проклеивающих веществ в производстве бумаги.

The possibility of modification of mineral filler-calcium carbonate by nonofiber cellulose is shown. Bacterial cellulose synthesized by bacterial strain Komagataeibacter rhaeticus CALU-1629 in the amount of 1–5% to the mass of a.s. fiber was used as nanofiber cellulose. It is established that modification of the filler with bacterial cellulose allows to obtain paper with the content of filler up to 50% providing its retention in the paper by 95–98% without the use of retaining agents. Modification of the filler with bacterial cellulose allows to increase the mechanical strength of paper with filler and reduce the absorbency of paper, which will make it possible to significantly reduce the use of cationic starch and bonding agents in paper production.
Continual learning in chest radiographs of active tuberculosis and pneumonia using images generated by adversarial networks
Authors: Alves Regina , Tavares Frederico , Seixas José Manoel , Nascimento Otto , Pinto João Victor , Trajman Anete
Published: February 2024

Lower respiratory infections, including tuberculosis (TB) and pneumonia, rank among the top 10 leading causes of death worldwide. Chest radiographs (CXRs) are recommended as a screening and triage tool and computer-aided detection (CAD) softwares are an alternative to analyzing CXR. Continual learning (CL) is an option to obtain models that can identify multiple diseases by continuously learning a diverse range of radiological signs associated with each disease. In this work, we tested a CL model, Learning Without Forgetting, in learning pneumonia and TB detection using synthetic images of TB to enlarge the dataset, produced by two different Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) and incorporated in the training process using different approaches. After learning TB detection, the models performance in pneumonia detection has improved. Also, a potential improvement in TB detection was observed when synthetic data was used to fine tune the fully-connected layers of the model.
GAN Pix2Pix e a geração de imagens médicas sintéticas para dados públicos de pacientes com tuberculose
Authors: Nascimento Otto , Fonseca João Victor , Seixas José Manoel
Published: February 2024

A tuberculose (TB) esta entre as doenças que mais matam no mundo. A fim de enfrentar o enorme desafio de diminuir sua incidencia até alcançar a definitiva eliminação da TB no mundo, a Organização Mundial de Saúde (OMS) recomendou recentemente a utilização de um CAD (Computer- Aided Detection) baseado em imagens radiológicas do tórax. O aprendizado profundo vem sendo utilizado com frequência em diversas tarefas aplicadas em imagens medicas, sendo uma opção valiosa para a operação de tal CAD, notadamente em TB infecção, quando o paciente est a infectado, mas não desenvolve a doença. Este artigo discute técnicas de aprendizagem profunda aplicadas ao problema de geração sintética de imagens de radiografia, visando agregar informação para a base de dados de imagens reais e, assim, enfrentar a necessidade de um grande volume de dados para o treinamento de modelos profundos. Para isso, Redes Neurais Adversariais (GAN) são aplicadas em uma base de dados publica, composta por exames de imagem de pacientes com suspeita de tuberculose. Uma GAN pareada de tradução de contexto, GAN Pix2Pix, e explorada neste trabalho, havendo a penalização de uma dada região de interesse da imagem. No caso, a segmentação do pulmão é utilizada como região de interesse. Os resultados avaliam a capacidade de produção de imagens sintéticas neste contexto.
Comparison of optical 3D scanner and coordinate measurement system from the standpoint of macro-geometry measurement
Authors: Pätoprstý Boris , Vozár Marek , Hrušecký Róbert , Buranský Ivan
Published: February 2024

The aim of the experiment described in the paper was to determine the possibility of using an optical 3D scanner to measure the macro-geometry of cutting tools. To verify this possibility, a precise component was measured, and the accuracy of optical 3D scanner was compared to a tactile coordinate measurement machine. A precise cemented carbide rod was used as a reference part and the measurement data were compared with the measurement result from the ZEISS Prismo coordinate measurement machine. The data obtained from the measurements were evaluated and compared. The experiment was carried out so that the use of an optical 3D scanner to measure cutting tools could be verified based on the desired requirements. Both dimensions and geometrical tolerancing – circularity were measured. The experiment has shown that an optical 3D scanner can achieve sufficient accuracy for the purpose of measuring macro-geometry of cutting tools.
Does Vitamin D Deficiency Cause Chronic Low Back Pain: A Case-Control Study
Authors: Ghani Muhammad Tahir , Syed Hassan Murtaza Shah  , Akkad Rafiq  , Nain Sukh
Published: February 2024

Background: Chronic low back pain (CLBP) is an important cause of morbidity worldwide and is routinely treated by vitamin D supplementation alongwith other measures. Whether vitamin D deficiency is responsible for CLBP, is a matter of debate. The aim of this case-control study is to find out weather vitamin d deficiency is associated with CLBP.
Objective: The objective of the study to find out whether hypovitaminosis D causes CLBP.
Methods: This case-control study was conducted in the Department of Surgery and Medicine of Aero Hospital Wahcantt from 2ndMay 2022 to 31May 2023 after ethical approval from IMC vide letter No 44(33)/2023-IMC. 195 cases of CLBP and an equal number of controls were selected through non-probability convenience sampling. After matching confounding factors between the two groups, their vitamin D levels were recorded. The null hypothesis that there is no difference between the mean vitamin D level of cases and controls was tested by applying an independent sample t-test. Taking vitamin D levels below 20ng/ml as hypovitaminosis D, the odds ratio was calculated as well.                                                      
Results: Both groups, cases, and controls had an equal number of males (n=63, 32.3%) and females (n=132, 67.7%). The mean age of cases was 44.6 years with SD ± 13.54 while the mean age of controls was 45.2 years with SD ± 13.46 years. The mean level of vitamin D of patients was 23.22 ng/ml with SD ± 17.76 while the mean vitamin D level of controls was 26.48ng/ml with SD ± 20.64. Independent sample t-test showed that there is no statistical significant difference between the mean vitamin D levels of the two groups (p-value > 0.05). The odds ratio was 1.31 showing no or very weak correlation between hypovitaminosis D and CLBP.
Conclusion: There is no causal relationship between CLBP and hypovitaminosis D.