bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Metabolic crisis in maple syrup urine disease: an unusual complication of a rare disease: a case report
Authors: Doshi Hemang P , Vachharajani Hemal H , Tchan Michael C , Nasreddine Mohamed A , Billmore Kate E
Published: November 2023

A 19-year-old woman with known maple syrup urine disease presented to hospital with metabolic crisis in the setting of influenza type A infection and intractable vomiting, rapidly progressing to acute cerebral oedema manifesting as refractory seizures and decreased level of consciousness needing emergency intubation and mechanical ventilation, continuous veno-venous haemodiafiltration and thiopentone coma. A computed tomography scan and magnetic resonance imaging of the brain demonstrated classic signs of cerebral oedema secondary to a metabolic crisis from the metabolic disorder. Her management posed multiple challenges to all teams involved due to lack of familiarity and experience in managing this clinical scenario in the adult intensive care setting.
Early Bloomers: A Nursing-Driven Program to Support Human Milk Feeding Among Late Preterm Infants in the Mother-Baby Unit
Authors: Standish Katherine R. , Combs Ginny , McMahon Marcy , Slater Cheryl , Zani Lisa , Pindar Christina , Serafin Karol , Parker Margaret G. , Philipp Barbara L.
Published: November 2023

Late preterm infants have lower breastfeeding rates than term infants, yet few published interventions or guidelines exist to guide hospitals in managing them in the non-intensive nursery setting. Here we describe the development and implementation of an interdisciplinary, hospital-based, breastfeeding support program among late preterm infants not requiring intensive care. The Early Bloomer Program includes an order set applied at birth, immediate lactation consultation, availability of donor milk, parent education on late preterm infants, hand expression teaching and kit including spoon and video link, and daily interdisciplinary team huddles. The program was developed with staff input using Diffusion of Innovation Theory, and implemented first among early adopters before expanding to all postpartum nurses. Nursing staff received education on late preterm infant physiology and feeding, and trainings on the Early Bloomers program through various learning modalities during the year leading up to implementation. To further understand the strengths and weakness of the program, we surveyed nurses ( n = 43). Nurses reported that they were more attentive to the needs of late preterm infants, more confident in their care, and more aware of possible complications and feeding needs. Areas noted in need of improvement included lack of overnight lactation consults and little involvement of labor and delivery staff in the program. The Early Bloomers program increased confidence in care and was well received by nurses. Well-designed clinical studies are needed to identify effective breastfeeding support practices for late preterm infants.
Application and thermal field analysis of multilayer thermal insulation in in-situ forming process of thermoplastic composites
Authors: Wang Wuqiang , Li Yong , Huan Dajun , Liu Hongquan , Li Yanrui , Hu Zehui
Published: November 2023

The carbon fiber reinforced polyetheretherketone (CF/PEEK) composite material can achieve high efficiency and integrated assembly molding through in-situ consolidation, suitable for the preparation of high-speed motor rotor sleeves. However, the high forming temperature of CF/PEEK may cause demagnetization of the magnet once the temperature exceeds the curie temperature of the magnet. To address the insulation issues during the sleeve forming process, this study proposes using metal-containing multilayer thermal insulations (MTI) to prepare the insulation layer, which takes advantage of the heat transfer within the metal layer to achieve thickness-wise insulation. A finite element heat field model is established to analyze the effect of material thermal properties, layer structure, and thermal field conditions on the thermal insulation effect. The response surface methodology analysis shows that metal materials with high thermal conductivity and high volume-specific heat have better insulation performance. The highest temperature of the bottom surface of the copper-containing MTI is only 64% of that of the glass fiber reinforced polypropylene (GF/PP) layer MTI. Analysis of the layer structure shows that the closer the metal layer is to the heat source, the better the insulation effect. The sensitivity analysis of the thermal field conditions shows that the thermal conductivity of the inner layer has a greater impact on the insulation effect. Subsequently, the MTI containing copper was optimized in response to the specific insulation requirements of the motor rotor sleeve, providing a reference for the application of in-situ consolidated integrated assembly molding in thermoplastic composites.
Waste in Organizations: Discerning (Dis)value in Rational, Natural, and Open Systems Perspectives
Authors: Arnold Nadine , Dorn Christopher
Published: November 2023

Society overflows with waste, and waste and discard studies emphasize the social construction and contingency of waste, outlining it as the negatively valued. However, organizational sociology currently does not reflect these insights and rarely accounts for waste. Therefore, this article asks what kind of theory is required to capture waste in organized contexts. By searching for waste in Scott and Davis’ well-accepted three perspectives on organizations (as rational, natural, or open systems), it becomes evident that each perspective conceptualizes waste based on its theoretical conception of organizations (rational: disorder; natural: disintegration; open: overdetermination) that is mirrored in different accounts of waste. While these perspectives assign negative value to different organizational conditions, they offer little insight into how organizations themselves disvalue entities and generate waste. To overcome this shortcoming, the article introduces an integrative perspective that incorporates the three prevalent perspectives, conceptualizing organizations as closed and open systems (COS) based on Luhmann’s system concept and observation theory. The COS perspective explains how organizations construct waste through their selective indication of values and disvalues. It thereby identifies waste as a contingent yet inevitable part of any organization and shifts attention from the study of symptomatic waste to its underlying origins.
Associations Between Body Mass Index and Cognitive Change in the ACTIVE Study: Variations by Race and Social Determinants of Health
Authors: Aiken-Morgan Adrienne T. , McDonough Ian M. , Parisi Jeanine M. , Clay Olivio J. , Thomas Kelsey R. , Rotblatt Lindsay J. , Thorpe Roland J. , Marsiske Michael
Published: November 2023

Objectives: The current study examines relationships between Body Mass Index (BMI) and cognitive performance and change in processing speed, memory, and reasoning, while accounting for variations by race and the influence of social determinants of health. Methods: Secondary data analysis of the Advanced Cognitive Training for Independent and Vital Elderly (ACTIVE) study, which included participants who self-identified as African American or Black ( n = 728) and White ( n = 2028). Latent growth curve modeling was used to assess study aims. Results: Increases in BMI were associated with less cognitive decline over 10 years across each cognition domain. Race moderation effects were noted for speed and memory. Relationships between BMI and cognitive trajectories were mediated by economic stability for speed and reasoning. Discussion: Overall, these findings are consistent with the “obesity paradox.” Further research is needed to elucidate patterns of results by race.
After Business Ethics
Authors: Dierksmeier Claus
Published: November 2023

Lamenting the deplorable state of business ethics is, itself, a staple of the deplorable state of business ethics. But if, as its many critics claim, business ethics continuously fails to deliver on its promise, what could take its place in management education? After business ethics—How else can we integrate ethics into the curriculum? This article argues that an ethical grounding of business theory and corporate practice requires a critique of conventional economics, replacing the mechanistic paradigm that predominated economics over the last 200 years with a humanistic alternative.
Unboxing Thailand’s Startup Ecosystem: The Next Chapter Towards Decentralisation of Innovations
Authors: Chairatana Pun-Arj , Kanjanamekanant Kritsapas , Limwathanagura Siwagorn
Published: November 2023

This article reviews the evolution of startup ecosystem development in Thailand from the early 2010s to the beginning of 2020s. We summarise our findings and provide critical analyses about the innovation development in Thailand, using internal and external sources of information about Thailand’s innovation strategies, policies, and case studies. We also include macro-level national policies and changes in the government that affect the foundation of Thailand’s startup ecosystem, including the mechanisms that drive the growth of the ecosystem. We argue for the decentralisation of innovation policies and ecosystems to help navigate through new challenges and uncertainties, for the recovery of socio-economic factors. Different types and examples of startups that are key to the decentralisation of innovations in Thailand are also explained and illustrated. Impediments and caveats of innovation ecosystem development in Thailand are discussed, pointing the directions for future research.
Trans*(gressive) Failures: Cis-heteronormative Gaze in OTT Media
Authors: Arora Shubhda , Baig Noorie , Kalra Nidhi
Published: November 2023

This study offers a critical textual analysis of trans* representation in two popular Hindi web series Sacred Games (Luegenbiehl & Motwane (Executive Producers), 2018–2019, Sacred Games [TV series]) and Paatal Lok (Sharma et al. (Executive Producers), 2020–Present, Paatal Lok [TV series]). We probe how trans* representations function to maintain normative agendas in a heteropatriarchal nation-state. Further, we examine their potential to reify dominant stereotypes in popular media. Our analysis reveals discourses surrounding hegemonic heterosexuality (Yep, 2003, Journal of Homosexuality, 45(2–4), 11–59), transnormativisation (Puar, 2015, Social Text, 33(3 (124)), 45–73) and homohindunationalism (Upadhyay, 2020, Interventions, 22(4), 464–480) based on two trans* characters—Kukkoo and Cheeni. We argue that the characters are conceptualised through a cis-heteropatriarchal imagination in a right-wing nation-state achieved through gendered and racialised othering. We uncover several mediated failures. First, how persistent male gaze functions to centre cis-heteronormative tropes that marginalise trans*ness and the trans* characters. Second, the dual pressures of Puar’s theorisation of ‘passing’ and ‘piecing’ create normativised trans* bodies that are unable to break out of the gender binary. Lastly, we argue that the Hindu-nationalist state works to co-opt and nullify progressive portrayals of trans* characters through its legal and biopolitical machinery.
Guest Editorial: Critical and Creative Practices of Global Citizenship Education in the Digital Age of Information and Communication Technologies
Authors: Bosio Emiliano , Waghid Yusef , Papastephanou Marianna , McLaren Peter
Published: November 2023

Much has been written about the affordances and limitations of new and globalised learning technologies for educating democratic communities. However, the connection between global citizenship education (GCE) and information and communication technologies (ICTs) remains relatively underexplored, especially concerning their impact on promoting critical consciousness and social justice. This lack of exploration creates a knowledge gap, as we currently fall short of a comprehensive understanding of how educators worldwide utilise ICTs to foster GCE critically and ethically, and more broadly contribute to the common good—considered a pivotal element of political and social morality. This special issue examines how educators are effectively integrating GCE into their classroom practices in the digital age.
Interrater Reliability for Classifying Craniofacial Microsomia Severity: A Call for Objective Evaluation
Authors: Ronde Elsa M. , Nolte Jitske W. , Becking Alfred G. , Breugem Corstiaan C.
Published: November 2023

Objective

The severity of craniofacial microsomia (CFM) is generally classified using the Orbit, Mandible, Ear, Soft tissue, Nerve (OMENS) classification score. The global assessment of the Phenotypic Assessment Tool for Craniofacial Microsomia (PAT-CFM), is a pictorial modification of the OMENS classification. The aim of this study was to assess the interrater reliability of the PAT-CFM global assessment score.

Design

In this prospective cohort study, three clinicians completed the global assessment form of the PAT-CFM. The mandible was classified based on orthopantomogram- and/or computed tomography images.

Participants

Consecutive patients with CFM or microtia.

Interrater agreement was calculated using the weighted Krippendorff alpha (α), with 95% confidence intervals (CI).

Results

In total, 53 patients were included (106 hemifaces). The reliabilities of the main classification components ranged from high for the mandible (α = 0.904 [95% CI 0.860–0.948]) and ear (α = 0.958 [95% CI 0.934–0.983]) subscales, to tentative for the orbital summary score (α = 0.682 [0.542–0.821]), and nerve summary score (α = 0.782 [0.666–0.900]) subscales.

Conclusions

The reliability of the ear and radiographic mandible scales of the PAT-CFM global classification were high, while the orbit, facial nerve and soft tissue subscales may have limited reliability. Research focusing on radiographic severity scores for hypoplasia of the orbits and soft tissues, as well as objective measures for overall facial hypoplasia using non-ionizing forms of imaging for early classification, are warranted.
Data-driven product optimization capabilities to enhance sustainability and environmental compliance in a marine manufacturing context
Authors: Synnes Elisabeth Lervaag , Welo Torgeir
Published: November 2023

This paper investigates concerns related to product data and digital data flow when aiming to automate company processes. Accurate data is necessary to create value by enabling improved decision-making in product development, including sustainability capabilities. The case analyzed is an engineer-to-order (ETO) company operating in a low-volume marine manufacturing context. A participatory research approach is used to study two projects that are part of the company’s digital business transformation, aiming to digitalize information and autogenerate downstream processes. Building on the strengths promised by digitalization requires precise and extensive product and process information. An important facilitation capability is to create a digital thread from design to finished product, including product documentation. This is necessary to establish capabilities both to autogenerate appropriate compliance reporting as part of the product development process and to conduct virtual testing and validation before the physical equipment is acquired, resulting in a manufacturing process that is ‘right first time’. In addition, data capabilities guide and enable sound-decision making for improved sustainable practices in the early phase of product development. It is found that the data quality required to utilize tools within the context of Industry 4.0 demands changes to existing product design practices and focus on the three pillars harmonization, integration and automation of data and systems.
Morphological Diversity of the Endometrium in Choriocarcinoma Specimens and its Role in Differential Diagnosis
Authors: Yaoxing Xiao , Fangfang Zhong , Wenzhi Li , Xianrong Zhou , Xin Lu , Xiang Tao
Published: November 2023

Introduction: The morphological characteristics of the endometrium in patients with choriocarcinoma have not been well described. We described the endometrial morphology patterns in 46 choriocarcinomas and analyzed their relationship with the clinicopathological characteristics of these patients. Methods: Forty-six patients diagnosed with choriocarcinoma that had sufficient endometrial tissues for histopathological diagnosis were selected. Diagnoses of choriocarcinoma and secretory status of endometrium were reviewed. LHCGR expression of endometrium was evaluated by immunostaining. Results: Endometrial morphology was classified as secretory or nonsecretory. The 15 secretory specimens included 2 highly secretory and 13 common secretory specimens. The 31 nonsecretory patterns included 1 hyperplasia without atypia, 7 disordered proliferations, 13 typical proliferations, and 10 resting endometria. Among these, 11 specimens with overall nonsecretory patterns showed focally weak secretory changes surrounding the choriocarcinoma lesion. Secretory patterns were observed in classic choriocarcinomas (8/17) and monomorphic choriocarcinomas (7/21) but not in scanty-trophoblast choriocarcinomas (0/8). Secretory changes appeared significantly less frequently in patients who received multi-agent chemotherapy (4/25) than in those who did not (7/14) or received single-agent chemotherapy (4/7) ( P = 0.030). The differences in age, months since the last pregnancy, pregnancy type, recurrence, specimen type, gross diameter, human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) levels, and expression of hCG receptors were not statistically significant. Conclusions: The endometrial morphologies in choriocarcinoma were diverse, including various proliferative and secretory changes, but rarely hypersecretory changes, compared to the prevailing hypersecretory endometrium in hydatidiform moles. The variety in endometrial morphology was the consequence of ovarian hormonal disturbances of the hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal axis by hCG from choriocarcinoma. Therefore, the endometrium may serve as a clue for histopathological diagnosis of choriocarcinoma. Our study presents the largest cohort reported to date to describe the diverse spectrum of endometrial changes in choriocarcinoma patients.
Fractional order sliding mode control for linear maglev synchronous motor based on an adaptive fixed-time extended state observer
Authors: Lei Cheng , Lan Yipeng , Xu Zelai
Published: November 2023

In order to improve the tracking accuracy of the linear maglev synchronous motor maglev system with non-linear, strongly coupled, and other uncertainty problems, a fixed-time fractional order terminal sliding mode control (FFTSMC) strategy based on adaptive fixed-time extended state observer (AFxESO) is proposed. Firstly, a fast AFxESO is constructed and an adaptive law is designed to dynamically adjust the gain to reduce the estimation error and measurement noise, which enables the observer to accurately estimate the perturbation of the unknown boundary in a fixed-time. Secondly, a new FFTSM controller is designed by applying the theory of fractional order calculus, which can speed up the system convergence and suppress the chattering problem in SMC. Then, using the Lyapunov stability theory, it is demonstrated that the proposed AFxESO-FFTSM control scheme can guarantee the global fixed-time convergence of the system to equilibrium and the convergence time is dependent on the selection of the controller parameters, which effectively overcomes the drawbacks of finite-time control. Finally, the feasibility and superiority of the proposed strategy are verified on the linear maglev synchronous motor system experiment platform.
Performance analysis of input shaped model reference adaptive control for a single-link flexible manipulator
Authors: Peláez Gerardo , Alonso Cristian , Rubio Higinio , García-Prada Juan Carlos
Published: November 2023

Motion control for flexible link manipulators will have a great influence on their overall performance. Conventional control systems have the problem that they cannot compensate for the presence of uncertainty due to a variety of factors such as a change in the system itself-payload variations, degradation and modelling uncertainty. In addition, the underdamped structure of these systems entails motion-induced transient deflection and residual vibration. On the contrary, adaptive control, in particular Model Reference Adaptive Control (MRAC), has therefore been proposed to handle problems of this type dealing with other systems such as cranes, steering stability control for ground vehicles, airplanes and so on. This study presents a review and discussion on the MRAC and some individual issues of MRAC for these flexible link manipulators are addressed to specify: the state tracking error, the limitation of the adaptation values corresponding to the control gains and the control effort. Dealing with the last one, this work proves that shaping the command input to a Model Reference Adaptive Control (IS-MRAC) reduces the control effort necessary for the plant to follow the reference model and also mitigates the detrimental effects of flexibility. The IS-MRAC is implemented in a Single-Link Flexible Manipulator whose natural frequencies, experimentally and analytically estimated using the Transfer Matrix Method plus symbolic computation, vary significantly depending on payload mass and position. To this structured or parametric uncertainty, the proposed Lyapunov control law using the states associated with the low mode is designed for asymptotic stability and accommodates correctly. The state tracking, vibration suppression and control effort reduction performances of the proposed IS-MRAC combined controller are analysed via numerical simulations and experiments.
Refined composite hierarchical bidirectional diversity entropy and its application in fault type diagnosis and fault degree diagnosis of diesel engine fuel injectors
Authors: Ke Yun , Song Enzhe , Yao Chong , Ding Shunliang , Ning Yilin , Li Rui
Published: November 2023

The performance of a diesel engine is closely related to the injector, and the fuel pressure shock signal for monitoring the state of the injector always contains multiple natural oscillation modes at different levels. Therefore, it is very necessary to detect the dynamic changes of the injector signal from multiple levels. Multi-scale Diversity Entropy (MDE) is a recent commonly used method of information entropy. However, due to its inherent defects, it limits the wide application of MDE in fault feature extraction. Therefore, this paper proposes a new nonlinear dynamics method, called the Refined Composite Hierarchical Bidirectional Diversity Entropy (RCHBDE). The ability of RCHBDE to extract signal complexity changes was verified through simulation signals, which is superior to MDE and multi-scale bidirectional diversity entropy (MBDE). On this basis, this article proposes a diagnostic framework for fuel injector fault type and degree based on RCHBDE and Seagull optimized Support Vector Machine. We apply the proposed method to the injector failure test data. The results show that RCHBDE can better reflect the dynamic change process of the injector fault signal than MDE and MBDE. Moreover, compared with existing methods, the proposed method in this paper improves the accuracy and efficiency of fault diagnosis.
Affordable Housing and Neighborhood Child Maltreatment Reports
Authors: Littleton Tenesha , Freisthler Bridget
Published: November 2023

Reports of child maltreatment vary by neighborhood characteristics, yet the influence of housing affordability is less understood. The current study examines the relationship between reports of suspected child maltreatment and the spatial distribution of affordable housing across 2,341 census tracts in Los Angeles County, California. Bayesian conditionally autoregressive model results indicate that neighborhoods where residents paid a greater share of their income in rent had fewer reports of suspected child maltreatment, while neighborhoods with a higher number of subsidized rental units had more reports. These findings suggest that higher cost neighborhoods provide supportive resources and amenities to families which may reduce risk of child maltreatment. Subsidized housing units are more likely to be located in high poverty, under resourced neighborhoods, thus undermining the benefits of these programs to families. These findings have implications for equitable housing policy that promotes inclusive communities as a primary prevention strategy for child maltreatment.
Covering COVID-19 in the United States: Factors Influencing the News Coverage of the Global Health Crisis During Different Pandemic Situations
Authors: Jeong Yongick , Shaw Jessica Y. , Weng Justin
Published: November 2023

By analyzing 123,386 international COVID-19 news stories from nine news outlets, this study explores factors influencing U.S. news coverage of global COVID-19 issues in 2020. Various determinants of pandemic conditions, political, socioeconomic, cultural characteristics, and transnational relationships between foreign countries and the United States were considered. The research also examines how the impact of these factors differ depending on the U.S.’s COVID-19 conditions. Overall findings indicate that U.S. global COVID-19 coverage was affected by foreign country’s COVID-19 caseloads, as well as trade and diplomatic relationships. When looking at different U.S. pandemic conditions, however, different patterns were detected.
Toward a State-led, Market-Enabled Commons: Positioning Urban Civic Energy in East Asia
Authors: Chiu Chihsin
Published: November 2023

Empirical studies on energy democracy (ED) tend to presume boundaries among community energy (CE) practices, corporate operations, and state leadership. This research note identifies three features underlying existing literature: an implicit binary thinking of state and society, the understated market influence, and a lack of urban features that enable ED functioning through spatial means. I therefore propose urban commons (UC) as a complementary framework to interrogate the interplay among the state, society, and market operations in CE research and practices. I examine how ED informs CE operations in Japan, Taiwan, and Korea, identifying a set of limitations to which UC can respond. Some latest thinking on UC and a body of strategies proposed by key interlocutors were discussed. I then propose “state-led, market-enabled commons” as a conceptual framework to account for urban civic energy initiatives in East Asia.
Investigation of the Relationship Between Mental Health Status and Sleep Patterns of Children Who Experienced the Kahramanmaraş Earthquake: Data From the Earthquake Region
Authors: Düken Mehmet Emin
Published: November 2023

BACKGROUND:

The psychological conditions of children exposed to earthquakes, such as somatization, obsessive–compulsive, hostility, and paranoid thought, have not been adequately studied.

AIM:

This study was conducted to examine the relationship between the mental states and sleep patterns of children who experienced the Kahramanmaraş earthquake.

METHODS:

This is a descriptive, cross-sectional, and relational study that included 867 children from 11 provinces of Turkey affected by the earthquake that occurred in Kahramanmaraş on February 6th. The Child Follow-up Form, Mental Symptom Screening Scale, and Child Sleep Habits Scale were used to collect data.

RESULTS:

The psychological symptoms (anxiety, depression, somatization, anger-hostility, obsessive-compulsive symptoms, interpersonal sensitivity, phobic anxiety, paranoid ideation, psychotic symptoms, and other issues) experienced by children after the earthquake explained 96.9% of their sleep disturbance. Some of the demographic characteristics, such as age, the status of experiencing loss in the earthquake, the survival status of their mother and father, the survival status of their siblings, the total number of losses after the earthquake, the total number of losses in the nuclear family, total hours spent under the rubble, the hours children waited for their father, mother, and siblings to come out of the rubble, accounted for 77.9% of the mental symptoms (SCL-90).

CONCLUSIONS:

These results showed the importance of early recognition and treatment of sleep disturbances to prevent possible psychiatric disorders after children have been exposed to natural disasters. It is of great importance to evaluate the mental states of children after the earthquake and to apply appropriate psychiatric interventions.
Safeguarding Indigenous biocultural resources in a global context: a case study of taramea
Authors: Ruckstuhl (Ngāi Tahu, Rangitāne ki Wairau) Katharina , Rout Matthew , Macpherson Elizabeth , Reid (Ngāti Pikiao, Tainui) John
Published: November 2023

Indigenous people are considering how to safeguard their natural resources, culture and knowledge against illegal, inappropriate or unauthorised use. Such protection is needed to maintain the integrity of Indigenous relationship to and control over such resources, while allowing for potential benefits from such resources to support tribal social and economic development. Using the case study of taramea ( Aciphylla aurea), a sub-alpine speargrass, traditionally used to make fragrance by Ngāi Tahu (a large tribe from the South Island, New Zealand), we assess potential approaches to protection, ranging from national and international intellectual property approaches such as trademarking, copyright and patenting to extra-legal approaches such as supply chain auditing, blockchain, biocultural trademarks and biocultural labels. From this assessment, we evaluate approaches’ usefulness against a range of Indigenous and market-oriented attributes. We find that while each approach has advantages and disadvantages, no one method is superior, so we recommend a mix of approaches.
Investigating the Drivers of the Reverse Logistics Implementation in Reducing Waste in Vietnam
Authors: Le Son-Tung
Published: November 2023

Reverse logistics systems are now acknowledged as being crucial for enterprises to enhance their overall financial and environmental performance, particularly in developing nations where they face more challenges on both fronts. The majority of researchers examined drivers and barriers to implementation in developed nations. This study aims to investigate the main factors that positively influence the practice of reverse logistics in a developing country such as Vietnam. The study employed a sample of 287 managers within 5 industries. According to the findings, 4 key factors influenced the reverse logistics implementation in developing countries: economic drivers, competitive drivers, outsourcing drivers, and environmental drivers. Regulation drivers and reputation drivers have little influence on reverse logistics performance, contrary to predictions. The findings help scholars in understanding the factors influencing reverse logistics operations in emerging nations. Furthermore, the findings demonstrate differences in the drivers of reverse logistics execution in developing and developed countries.
Spatializing Nationalism and Religion: The Production of Sinhala-Buddhist Imagination and the Centrality of Anuradhapura
Authors: Sangapala Pradeep , Perera Nihal
Published: November 2023

Anuradhapura, the most ancient and revered Buddhist city in Sri Lanka, underwent a major transformation at the turn of the 20th century. By analyzing the complex interplay of nationalism, religion, and colonialism, and paying special attention to local agency, this article examines how the local leaders of the Buddhist revival movement brought the ancient city into the center of the Sinhala-Buddhist universe. They struggled against the colonial archeologization and museumization of Anuradhapura, especially where highly significant Buddhist monuments are located, and to eliminate non-Buddhist activities from the sacred city. Simultaneously, they fought against the continuing dominance of the Buddhist order established in the last native kingdom (Kandy-based Up-Country) which fell in 1815. Combined with the rise of the Low-Country elite, the restructuring of Ceylon that followed displaced both Kandy and the colonial capital of Colombo, making them find accommodation in the new Sinhala-Buddhist spatiality defined by Anuradhapura’s centrality.
Comparison of performance between tapered and cylindrical roller bearings for pinion of gear unit subjected to rotation test
Authors: Takahashi Ken , Suzuki Daisuke , Kikawa Sadayuki , Okamura Yoshiaki
Published: November 2023

Tapered roller bearings are often used to support pinions in gear units of electric trains. On the other hand, recently, the application of cylindrical roller bearings with ribs has also been proposed, in which the internal clearance changes little depending on the operating conditions. This study aims to elucidate the effect of differences in just these two types of pinion bearings on the performance of gear units and thereby verify the applicability of cylindrical roller bearings with ribs to railway gear units. Tapered roller bearings and cylindrical roller bearings with ribs of the same dimensions were subjected to rotational tests in the same gear unit. The results showed that the effects of the atmospheric temperature on the maximum temperature, the maximum rate of temperature rise, and the torque of the bearings were not significantly different between the tapered roller bearings and the cylindrical roller bearings with ribs. As the atmospheric temperature decreases, the maximum temperature decreases, and the maximum rate of temperature rise and the torque increase. On the other hand, the endplay values had a significant effect on these values in the tapered roller bearings, while they had little effect on the cylindrical roller bearings with ribs.
Translating mission-driven sustainability values into a value-creating business model: The Norwegian start-up Ducky AS
Authors: Leick Birgit , Duc Anh Nguyen
Published: November 2023

Sustainability entrepreneurs are driven by their personal missions about the sustainability-based values that they wish to tap when building a business model. This teaching-case study presents insights into how the personal sustainability missions and goals of entrepreneurs, such as combating climate change in terms of CO2 emission reductions, can be realised, measured and aligned with concrete customer value in order to build a business model. Here, the case of the company Ducky AS is presented, a Norwegian start-up business that has been working for years to transform the specific sustainability missions of its entrepreneurs into concrete social and business values. The case is analysed through the lens of complexity with regards to sustainability management and entrepreneurship. A qualitative research approach with material stemming from a guest lecture and a subsequent interview is used to study the case.
“Success Is Not Measured Through Wealth”: Expanding Visions of Success for Low-Income STEM Students
Authors: Madsen Sarah E. , Abouras Rachel , Alleman Nathan F. , Ham Pacey L. , Wilby Taylor
Published: November 2023

Despite ongoing disparities in Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) retention, particularly for underrepresented minority (URM) students, minimal work has considered the intersection of social class, STEM education, and student success. STEM programs serve as a popular major choice for students from low-income backgrounds. Yet, their experiences and aspirations remain under-studied. This exploratory, qualitative study sought to uncover the definitions and pursuits of success by students (21), administrators (7), faculty (4), and predictive software in a STEM access program for high-achieving students from low-income backgrounds at a selective, affluent institution. Our analysis reveals how both instrumental and intrinsic visions of success coalesced in this STEM environment, as participants envisioned, supported, and pursued not only academic completion, but also personal, familial, and theological aspirations. This work thus offers expanded, alternative visions of STEM student success, which can in turn fortify efforts to recruit and retain URM students, including those from low-income backgrounds.
Rethinking Docudrama and its Origins From Radio and Film to Streaming Media
Authors: Hayes Joy Elizabeth
Published: November 2023

This study offers a new perspective on documentary drama in the television, cable and streaming eras by mapping the trajectory of US media industry discourse about docudrama from the early twentieth century to the present. It uses aggregate data from eight entertainment trade journals to show that docudrama emerged in broadcasting and film in the 1930s and has played a significant role in US media culture ever since. It analyzes trade journal commentary and radio broadcasting practices to demonstrate that the two key components of docudrama—dramatization and a discourse of factuality—developed in the network radio era. The key radio innovation was dramatization, which required producers to re-create actual events, conform to generic expectations, and promote a particular ideological perspective on social events.
Fiber inclination model for the anti-penetration performance of a new type three-dimensional angle-interlock woven composite
Authors: Wang Zhe , Cao Xinyi , Fan Jin , Li Guohua
Published: November 2023

This study establishes a fiber inclination model suitable for a new three-dimensional angle interlocking woven UHMWPEF/epoxy composite, and evaluates its anti-penetration performance. Specifically, the microstructural characteristics of the composite material were analyzed by CT scan images, the mesostructure model of the material was established with the help of the software TexGen, and the calculation method of the fiber volume fraction of the material was designed. The meta-software ANSYS/LS-DYNA simulated and analyzed the failure mode and stress after ballistic penetration, before verifying it with the ballistic penetration test of the composite material as the target. The results show that the fiber volume fraction of the material is calculated to be 49.5% according to the derivation formula, which is consistent with that measured in the laboratory (50%±1%). By simplifying the numerical simulation model of composite ballistic penetration with the “fiber inclination model,” the residual velocity of the projectile calculated is in good agreement with the experimental value with an error of <7%. In the target penetration test, the damage patterns of the target surface and the ejection surface are similar to the numerical simulation results. In the fiber inclination model, the failure shape of the projectile penetrating the horizontal one-way plate is almost circular, while the failure shape in the inclined one-way plate is irregular with a more severe damage along the inclined direction. In both unidirectional plates the damage area of the incoming surface is smaller than that of the ejected surface. Therefore, it is valid to use the fiber inclination model established to study the penetration performance of composite materials.
Prioritizing Participant Safety During Online Focus Groups With Women Experiencing Violence
Authors: Schweinhart April , Atwood Katharine , Aramburu Camila , Bauer Rachel , Luseno Winnie , Simons-Rudolph Ashley
Published: November 2023

Although researchers have convened focus groups to collect individuals’ opinions for some time, many have transitioned data collection from in-person to online groups. Online focus groups became even more important as COVID-19-related restrictions to movement and shared spaces interrupted the ability of researchers to collect data in person. However, little is published about conducting online groups with populations whose physical and emotional safety is at risk, such as those experiencing domestic violence. Working with these populations raises concerns related to participant safety, mental and emotional well-being, COVID-19 social distancing requirements, participant confidentiality, and data security. To address these concerns, we developed a set of protocols for conducting online focus groups with individuals whose experiences put them at high risk for emotional distress and social harm due to research participation. As part of a larger project with community-based partners, we sought more information on the impact of violence on mothers. IRB-approved online protocols were successfully implemented by researchers during two focus groups, each with five to six participants (mothers) who had experienced violence. Innovative strategies included identifying the safest virtual platform, having a licensed counselor and advocates on standby during the focus groups, developing trauma-informed distress and disclosure protocols, using technological safeguards to ensure confidentiality (e.g., assigning non-identifying nicknames in waiting rooms before the online focus group), providing onsite technical assistance, and co-locating participants in the same building while maintaining social distancing. The successful implementation of these methods suggests that it is possible to collect quality information on sensitive topics using a virtual format while maintaining confidentiality and using a trauma and resilience-informed approach. We hope that future data collection efforts with groups experiencing behavioral health risks related to research participation may benefit from sharing this methodology.
Simulation and experiment on the effects and mechanism of variable-length restricted contact tool
Authors: Li Rujie , Zhong Peixuan , Zhang Yalong , Pang Xueqin
Published: November 2023

Difficult-to-machine materials such as stainless steel are widely used in the construction industry, because of their excellent mechanical properties and corrosion resistance. However, the poor tool-chip contact environment, severe tool wear, and heavy chip accumulation inhibit the machining efficiency. In this paper, 316L austenitic stainless steel was selected to investigate the effect of a variable-length restricted contact tool (VL-RCT), aiming at reducing the cutting temperature and increasing the tool life. A finite element simulation model of restricted contact cutting was established to investigate the machining parameters and restricted contact parameters on cutting performances and to clarify the mechanism of the VL-RCT in the cutting process. Additionally, cutting experiments were conducted to verify the cutting process mechanism. The results showed that the variable restricted contact structure efficiently reduced the cutting force and cutting temperature and improved the cutting performances of austenitic stainless steel. Both numerical simulation and cutting experiments reported that the trapezoidal restricted contact structure improved the cutting performance the best. Accordingly, this research provided theoretical guidance for the optimization of tool structure and the selection of cutting parameters, as well as a solid foundation for the future development of relevant design theories and methods for high-performance tools.
A rare case of Swyer syndrome from Pakistan in a young girl with primary amenorrhea and 46XY genotype
Authors: Jawed Inshal , Javed Ayesha Azhar , Johar Syeda Alisha , Mirza Daayl N , Abdani Ayesha A , Khan Asad Ali
Published: November 2023

Swyer syndrome is a condition where individuals with a 46XY karyotype, typically associated with males, display complete gonadal dysgenesis and lack testicular differentiation. This results from a mutation in the SRY gene, which is essential for testis development. As a consequence, affected individuals who appear phenotypically female have male chromosomes but do not develop functional testes. As a result, there is an absence of testosterone that leads to lack of masculinization and the presence of female genitalia. This article describes a 20-year-old female from Pakistan who exhibited primary amenorrhea. On examination, she possessed a typical female physique but lacked breast growth and axillary hair. She had scant pubic hair with female-type external genitalia. The pelvic imaging showed a underdeveloped uterus, along with small ovaries and fallopian tubes. Her karyotype came out to be 46XY. The examination and radiological results indicated Swyer syndrome. During laparoscopy, the patient’s uterus was found to be infantile, while the fallopian tubes were healthy. Streak gonads were also present, and due to the risk of gonadoblastoma, they were surgically removed. Hormone replacement therapy was started to induce pubertal development and optimize bone mineral accumulation.
A secondary daily persistent headache from onset with underlying nutcracker physiology and spinal epidural venous congestion: case series with lumbar vein embolization as a therapeutic approach
Authors: Rozen Todd D. , Devcic Zlatko , Lewis Andrew R. , Sandhu Sukhwinder J. S. , Erben Young , Toskich Beau B.
Published: November 2023

The authors have published on a unique subset of patients whose headaches worsened in the Trendelenburg position and who on time-resolved MR angiography demonstrated left renal vein compression (nutcracker physiology) with retrograde left second lumbar vein (L2LV) flow and regional spinal epidural venous plexus (EVP) congestion. We hypothesized that the spinal EVP congestion subsequently causes a secondary congestion of the cerebral venous system, which then leads to an elevation of CSF pressure above that individuals CSF pressure set point. This results in a daily headache from onset. Thus, eliminating the spinal EVP could conceivably improve or eliminate the manifested headache syndrome. We now present a case series of four patients with long-term follow-up utilizing lumbar vein coil embolization as a new therapeutic approach. In each patient, the MR angiography findings were verified by catheter-based venography. Treatment consisted of endovascular embolization of the second lumbar vein. Four patients have had coil embolization of which three are 1 year or longer from their procedure while one is 10 months posttreatment. All patients were women. Duration of daily headache prior to embolization ranged from 4 to 8 years. Post-embolization: Three patients are either headache free or 90–95% improved with substantial pain free time. There were no procedure-related complications. Our results suggest that embolization of L2LV in a specific patient population with nutcracker physiology may substantially improve head pain issues. This is a minimally invasive outpatient technique with no apparent side effects.