bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PREVALENCE OF MOLAR INSISORHYPOMINERALIZATION OF CHILDREN IN MALAPPURAM, KERALA, INDIA
Authors: Peter Joby , S. Vijai , Kumar Krishna , a Anaswara , Beevi Hannath
Published: January 2021

Background:Molar incisor hypo mineralization is the hypomineralization of systemic origin of one to four permanent first molars, frequently associated with affected incisors. The prevalence rates vary from 2.4 to 40.2%. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence and the possible etiological factors of Molar incisor hypo mineralization in 6 Â– 12 year old children of Malappuram district, kerala, India. Methods: A total of 2000 (808?males and 1092?females), 6-12 year-old children were examined who had their first permanent molar and incisors evaluated using the criteria for molar incisor hypomineralization described in the European meeting held in Athens in 2003.The potential aetiological factors were retrieved through detailed questionnaire supplemented with interviews and with medical histories provided by the schools. Statistical analysis was performed with a chi-Square test. Results: A total of 135 children were diagnosed Molar incisor hypomineralization with representing an overall prevalence of 6.75% Conclusion: Although the reason is not completely known, MIH is thought to occur as a result of the multifactorial reasons during the childs prenatal term or systemic diseases and malnutrition during the childs first 3 years of age.
ESTABLISHING AND EVALUATING THE ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORK MODEL FOR THE PREDICTION OF URINARY TRACT INFECTION AFTER UPPER URINARY CALCULI SURGERY
Authors:   Department of Urology, Zigong Fourth Peoples Hospital, Zigong, Sichuan, 643000, China., Chen Wei ,   Department of Science and Education, Zigong Fourth Peoples Hospital, Zigong, Sichuan, 643000, China., He Li-Na ,   Department of Reproductive Medicine, Zigong Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Zigong, Sichuan, 643000, China., Ming Ke ,   Department of Science and Education, Zigong Fourth Peoples Hospital, Zigong, Sichuan, 643000, China., Wu Cui-Ping ,   Department of Science and Education, Zigong Fourth Peoples Hospital, Zigong, Sichuan, 643000, China., Zeng Xiang ,   Department of Urology, Zigong Fourth Peoples Hospital, Zigong, Sichuan, 643000, China., Liang Yong ,   Department of Urology, Zigong Fourth Peoples Hospital, Zigong, Sichuan, 643000, China.
Published: January 2021

Objective:To establish and evaluate the artificial neural network (ANN) model for the prediction of urinary tract infection after upper urinary calculi surgery. Methods: A total of 350 patients with upper urinary tract stones were collected and divided into training group (n=280) and test group (n=70) according to the proportion of 4:1.The logistic regression (LR) model wasused to screen the data by multivariate analysis. Factors with statistically significant would be screened out to establish the LR model and artificial neural network (ANN) model.Receivers operation curve (ROC) was used to evaluate the predictive effect of the model. Results: A total of 29 cases (10.36%) developed postoperative urinary tract infections. Further analysis by logistic regression revealed that the following indicators were independent risk factors for urinary tract infection after upper urinary calculi surgery: infectious stones (OR=3.58, 95%CI=2.04-4.87 p<0.001), operation time (OR=1.51, 95%CI=1.11-2.06 p=0.01), preoperative urine white blood cells and nitrite are both positive (uWBC+NIT+) (OR=1.97, 95%CI=1.55-2.76 p=0.005) , female patients (OR=1.55, 95%CI=1.03-2.35 p=0.04), preoperative positive urine culture (OR=1.33, 95%CI=1.20-1.73 p=0.03) and calculus with polyp encapsulation(OR=1.11, 95%CI=1.05-1.21 p=0.03). Furthermore, we have successfully established the ANN model for the predicting of urinary tract infection after upper urinary calculi surgery. When compared ANN model to LR model for the accurate of prediction by 70 patients in the test group, the accurateof prediction were 78.92% (LR) and 88.69% (ANN), respectively. Moreover, the area under the ROC curve (AUC) of ANN model was greater than the LR model (0.93Â±0.02vs0.74Â±0.05, p<0.01). Conclusion: The established ANN model owned highly effectiveness and accuracy in the predicting of urinary tract infection after upper urinary calculi surgery.
PREVALENCE AND RISK FOR DENTAL PROBLEMS DURING PREGNANCY: A CROSS-SECTIONAL QUESTIONNAIRE STUDY
Authors:   BDS, SSC-ARD, SF-DI, Consultant in restorative and implant Dentistry, Program director for Dental Implant Fellowship at Jeddah Specialty Dental Center- MOH, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia., Hasan Sulimani Zainbganayah , Mohammed Said Abushal Amal ,   BDS, SBO-OP, M-Orth, TQM, Consultant of orthodontics, SBO program director at KAU, king Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia., Abdulaziz Murad Manal ,   Arab board & Jordanian Board family Medicine, Assistant Professor & Consultant Family Medicine, Family Medicine department, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz university P.O.Box 80205 Jeddah 21589., Jehad Abousada Hoda ,   M.D KFAFH: King Fahd Armed Forces Hospital, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jeddah, 21159, SA., Mohammad Ali Nadrah Ohoud ,   General Dentist, Stars Smiles Private Clinic, KSA Methodology, BDS., Hassan Bashammakh Reem ,   General Dentist, Eiat Dental Clinic Private Clinic, KSA, BDS, Master Student of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, KSA Investigation., Mahmoud Alrahemi Dareen ,   General dentist, Ministry of Health, KSA Conceptualization, BDS., Jamal Musairy Laura ,   General Dentist, Private Clinic, Jeddah, KSAWriting - original draft, BDS., Mohammed Behyan Yassmin ,   General Dentist, Batterjee Medical College Writing - review & editing, BDS., Abdulrahman AlShenaifi Abdullah ,   General Dentist, Batterjee Medical College BDS, Visualization.
Published: January 2021

Objectives: To assess the prevalence and awareness of dental problems during pregnancy, and to ascertain the risk factors that lead to dental problems in pregnancy. Methods: A cross-sectional questionnaire study was conducted. Patients who were currently pregnant or had been pregnant were selected, and questioned on the frequency and type of dental problems during pregnancy, treatment availed and systemic problems. Recorded data was analysed using SPSS version 17. Results: A total of 64.5% of patients experienced dental problems during pregnancy. Dental caries was the most frequent problem (50.7%), followed by gingivitis (48.4%). Only 14% of patients availed dental treatment. Presence of systemic diseases and low oral hygiene scores were associated with significantly higher incidence of dental problems. Conclusions: This study demonstrated that several pregnant women experience dental problems during pregnancy, however, many perceive that they have normal to good oral hygiene. Low oral hygiene status and systemic problems were more significantly associated with dental problems during pregnancy.
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ANAEMIA DURING PREGNANCY AND POSTPARTUM HAEMORRHAGE
Authors:   Obestetric and Gynecology Consultant, Althaghor Hospital, Head of Ob/Gyn department MCH Azizya, Jeddah Saudi Arabia., Abdulhadi Al-Khify Dr. Hanyah , Abdulaziz Murad Dr. Manal ,   Assistant professor of Family Medicine, Consultant Family Medicine, Family Medicine Department, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah., Jehad Abousada Dr. Hoda ,   King Fahd Armed Forces Hospital, Obstetrics and Gynecology., Hashem Alshareef Dr. Hala ,   Ibn Sina College., Hammam Banaja Dr. Layan ,   Intern, Ibn Sina College, Jeddah, KSA., Fahad Aljehani Dr. Feras ,   Medical Intern - Ibn Sina College., Mohammed Alsoliman Dr. Rahaf ,   Intern, Ibn Sina College, Jeddah, KSA., Ibrahim Albishi Dr. Roaa ,   Intern, Umm Al Qura University, Qunfuthah Medical College, KSA., Hassan Alsharif Dr. Ola ,   Intern, Umm Al Qura University, Qunfuthah Medical College, KSA., Nasser Alsaeedi Dr. Nashwa ,   Medical Intern, Batterjee Medical College, Jeddah, KSA., Hassan Alshehri Dr. Mohammed ,   Medical Resident, King Fahad Armed Force Hospital Southern Region KSA., Ahmed Asiri Dr. Mohammed ,   Medical Resident, King Fahad Armed Force Hospital Southern Region KSA., Fouad Bardi Dr. Amani ,   Medical Resident, King Fahad Armed Force Hospital Southern Region KSA.
Published: January 2021

Background: Anemia during pregnancy is an important cause of morbidity and mortality among postpartum women. The main reason for the condition is dietary Iron deficiency and the most common type of anemia found in women during pregnancy is iron deficiency anemia. Among many complications, postpartum hemorrhage is a problem linked with anemia during pregnancy. In Saudi Arabia, pregnancy and postpartum haemorrhage (PPH) is not common but still cases are reported. The present study aimed to determine its prevalence in population and to see its relationship with anemia during pregnancy. Methods: It was an analytical cross sectional study in which the data was collected from women using properly designed questionnaires. The study population was women who got pregnant and delivered in main hospitals of the kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The data of respondents for demographical and clinical variables was collected andanalyzed using SPSS using appropriate statistical tests. Results: 600 participants responded to the questionnaire. The mean age was 26.32 years. The prevalence of PPH among studied population was 11.9%. Anemia during pregnancy was found to be positively associated with PPH with the p value of0.0039. Smoking history was also correlated with PPH. There was no strong association between age and increase risk of PPH. Conclusion: The study concluded thatPPH is not common in Saudi Arabia. There is a moderate association of anemia during pregnancy and PPH. Smoking is also a positive predictor for PPH.Thereare some limitations in the study so there is a need of large scale study to confirm the findings in the population.
Intraamniotic synechiae: perinatal diagnosis and outcomes
Authors: À.Å. Volkov
Published: January 2021

The article presents an analysis of ultrasound diagnostics of intraamniotic synechia (IS) and perinatal
outcomes, if any. The frequency of prenatal detection of IS by ultrasound was 0.63%. In the postnatal period,
IS was observed in 0.5%. The issues of ultrasonic visualization of IS were discussed. Analysis of obstetric and
perinatal outcomes revealed the absence of a statistically significant effect of IS on pregnancy, the development
of the fetus, and the condition of the newborn. IS are risk factors for the formation of the breech presentation
of the fetus, preterm premature rupture of the membranes, increased blood loss in childbirth.
MİLLİ MÜCADELE SONRASI 13. HİLÂL-İ AHMER SAĞLIK İMDAT HEYETİ’NİN BANDIRMA, KİRMASTİ (MUSTAFAKEMALPAŞA) VE KARACABEY’DEKİ YARDIM FAALİYETLERİ (1922-1923)
Authors: SEZER Cemal
Published: January 2021

I. Dünya Savaşı sonrası Anadolu’nun dört bir tarafı İtilaf Kuvvetleri tarafından işgal edildi. İşgal edilen yerler arasında Bursa ve Balıkesir çevresi de vardı. Bölge halkı Yunan işgali altında öldürme, yaralama, tecavüz, gasp, yağma gibi zulümlere uğradı. Mustafa Kemal Paşa’nın liderliğinde başlayan Milli Mücadele’nin son askerî safhası Büyük Taarruz’un (26 Ağustos-30 Ağustos 1922) sonunda elde edilen büyük başarıyla Türk ordusu, Batı Anadolu’da ilerlemeye başladı. Türk ilerleyişi karşısında Yunanlar geri çekilirken halka yönelik zulümlerini sürdürerek her tarafı yakıp yıktılar. Yunanların Bursa ve Balıkesir’den çekildikten sonra geride bıraktıkları acıların hafifletilmesi için vakit kaybedilmeden halkın yaraları sarılmaya çalışıldı. Bu amaçla Hilâl-i Ahmer Sağlık İmdat Heyetleri bölgeye gönderildi. Gönderilenlerden biri de 13. Hilâl-i Ahmer Sağlık İmdat Heyeti idi. Heyet; Bandırma, Kirmasti (Mustafakemalpaşa) ve Karacabey’de halkın yiyecek, giyecek, barınma, sağlık gibi ihtiyaçlarını karşılamak için Ekim 1922-Mayıs 1923 tarihleri arasında görev yapmıştır. Zor şartlar içerisinde başarıyla görev yapan Sağlık İmdat Heyeti, yerel makamların ve halkın takdirini kazanmıştır.
MANZUM HÂL TERCEMELERİNİN (TERCEME-İ AHVÂL) EDEBİYAT TARİHİ BAKIMINDAN ÖNEMİ
Authors: EĞRİ Sadettin
Published: January 2021

Türk edebiyat tarihinde hayatları ve eserleriyle önemli sayılabilecek kişiler hakkında her zaman yeterli bilgiye ulaşabilmek mümkün değildir. Asırlar öncesinde yaşamış olan kimi şairlerin biyografileriyle ilgili malumata kısmen de olsa ulaşmak edebî ve tarihî kaynaklar sayesinde ihtimal dâhilindedir. Şair tezkireleri, genellikle tanınmış ve ünlü şairlere yer verir. Bazen de bu biyografik bilgiler tekrar edilir. Oysaki Osmanlı Devleti’nin son devirlerinde konu ile ilgili mechûliyet daha fazladır. İbnülemin Mahmud Kemal ve Ali Emirî Efendi gibi hayatlarını medeniyetin marifet sahiplerine ve onların eserlerine adamış olan kişiler, bunun ıstırabını çekmiş ve eserlerine aktarmıştır. Edebiyat; her türlü bilgiye, her türlü ayrıntıya ihtiyaç duymaktadır. Bu konunun esasında olan biyografi ve otobiyografi metinleri değerli hazinelerdir. Klasik edebiyat döneminde şairler; gelenek ve tevazu gayesiyle kendilerinden pek bahsetmemişlerdir. Şüphesiz bunda şairin psikolojisi, dünyaya bakışı oldukça etkilidir. Farklı nazım şekilleri ve başlıklarla bazı şairler “terceme-i hâl”lerini yazmışlardır. Bu incelemede örneği verildiği gibi şairin öğrencisi veya sevenleri yine manzum olarak onların biyografilerini yazmışlardır. Sanatkârın yaşadığı devir, eğitimi, ailesi ve tasavvufî seyri ile ilgili zengin anlatımı bu metin ve eserlerde bulabiliriz.
Constraining the HBV model for robust water balance assessments in a cold climate
Authors: Erlandsen Helene Birkelund , Beldring Stein , Eisner Stephanie , Hisdal Hege , Huang Shaochun , Tallaksen Lena Merete
Published: January 2021

Robust projections of changes in the hydrological cycle in a non-stationary climate rely on trustworthy estimates of the water balance elements. Additional drivers than precipitation and temperature, namely wind, radiation, and humidity are known to have a significant influence on processes such as evaporation, snow accumulation, and snow-melt. A gridded version of the rainfall-runoff HBV model is run at a 1 × 1 km scale for mainland Norway for the period 1980–2014, with the following alterations: (i) the implementation of a physically based evaporation scheme; (ii) a net radiation-restricted degree-day factor for snow-melt, and (iii) a diagnostic precipitation phase threshold based on temperature and humidity. The combination of improved forcing data and model alterations allowed for a regional calibration with fewer calibrated parameters. Concurrently, modeled discharge showed equally good or better validation results than previous gridded model versions constructed for the same domain; and discharge trend patterns, snow water equivalent, and potential evaporation compared fairly to observations. Compared with previous studies, lower precipitation and evaporation values for mainland Norway were found. The results suggest that a more robust and more physically based model for climate change studies has been obtained, although additional studies will be needed to further constrain evaporation estimates.
Public health without water? Emergency water supply and minimum supply standards of hospitals in high-income countries using the example of Germany and Austria
Authors: Bross L. , Bäumer J. , Voggenreiter I. , Wienand I. , Fekete A.
Published: January 2021

The drinking water supply is a core element of national regulations for normal and emergency supply as well as coping with crisis events. Particularly with regard to the interdependence of critical infrastructures means that water supply failures can have far-reaching consequences and endanger the safety of a society, e.g., by impairing hospital operations. In case of an emergency in the drinking water infrastructure, minimum supply standards, e.g., for patients in hospitals, become important for emergency management during crisis situations. However, wider recognition of this issue is still lacking, particularly in countries facing comparably minor water supply disruptions. Several international agencies provide guideline values for minimum water supply standards for hospitals in case of a disaster. Acknowledging these minimum standards were developed for humanitarian assistance or civil protection, it remains to be analyzed whether these standards apply to disaster management in countries with high water and healthcare supply standards. Based on a literature review of scientific publications and humanitarian guidelines, as well as policies from selected countries, current processes, contents, and shortcomings of emergency water supply planning are assessed. To close the identified gaps, this paper indicates potential improvements for emergency water supply planning in general as well as for supply of hospitals and identifies future fields of research.
Adsorption and (induced) desorption of Cd(II) from the corrosion scales of water distribution pipes, following a deliberate contamination event
Authors: Somer Shimon , Fridman-Bishop Noga , Nativ Paz , Ostfeld Avi , Lahav Ori
Published: January 2021

Intrusion of toxic heavy-metal cations into water-distribution systems (WDS) may cause severe adverse health-effects on large populations, along with an undesirable psychological impact. The corrosion (scale) layer, that invariably develops on the pipes’ inner walls, is capable of adsorbing a significant mass of metal-cations and releasing them thereafter via diffusion to the water once operation is resumed, thereby causing a secondary contamination event. To overcome this, the contaminant should be completely removed, in a controlled fashion, from both the aqueous and scale phases, with minimum damage to the pipe's physical stature. This study determined the range of the Cd(II) adsorption capacity of corrosion-scales and quantified alternative treatments for desorbing it, using an assortment of metal water-pipes, extracted from the WDS. Batch, water-recirculation and flow-through experiments were conducted to determine the extent of Cd(II) adsorption and the best way to desorb it. Corrosion-scales showed substantial Cd(II)-absorption capacity (up to 0.75 mg Cd(II)/g scale) with an approximately linear relation between the aqueous Cd(II) concentration and the adsorbed mass. Desorption experiments included dosages of various acids. Sequential rinsing (eight pipe-volumes) by pH3 solution was found to be the best approach, releasing close to ∼100% of the adsorbed Cd(II), with only a minor effect on the pipes’ integrity.
Continuance usage intention and its antecedents on using OVO e-wallet application in Denpasar
Authors: Darmiasih Made , Setiawan Putu Yudi
Published: January 2021

This study aims to explain the effect of information quality, perceived privacy protection, perceived security protection on trust, and its effect on continuance intention to use OVO in Denpasar. This research was conducted in Denpasar, using 139 respondents. This study uses Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) analysis techniques with the Partial Least Square approach. This study shows that information quality has a positive and significant effect on trust. Perceived privacy protection has a positive and significant effect on trust and continuance usage intention. Perceived security protection has a positive and significant effect on trust and continuance usage intention. Also, this study also shows that trust has a positive and significant effect on continuance usage intention. Information quality was found that have no significant effect on the continuance usage intention.
Good corporate governance moderate the effect of financial performance on firm value
Authors: Irwanti Ni Pande Putu Wita , Ratnadi Ni Made Dwi
Published: January 2021

This study aims to determine how the effect of financial performance on firm value with corporate governance as a moderating variable in the income smoothing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange 2015-2020. This study uses one independent variable (financial performance), one dependent variable (firm value), and one moderating variable (Good Corporate Governance). The sample used in this study were 40 income smoothing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange from 2015 to 2020 with a total of 240 pieces of data. The sampling technique used in this study was the purposive sampling technique. The results of hypothesis testing indicate that financial performance has a positive effect on firm value. Corporate governance can moderate the relationship between financial performance and firm value.
Corporate governance and political connection towards the tax aggressiveness of manufacturing companies in Indonesia
Authors: Setyastrini Ni Luh Putri , Subekti Imam , Prastiwi Arum
Published: January 2021

Tax aggressiveness is one of the weaknesses of tax collection with the mechanism of the self-assessment system. Tax aggressiveness is an effort by a company to reduce tax fees through tax planning in which from the legal point of view is deemed as a gray area. This research aims to examine and analyze the impact of company governance as well as a political connection towards tax aggressiveness. This research was conducted on the manufacturing sector in Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2016-2018. The research samples were 80 companies with 240 observations. The data of this research was analyzed by utilizing the multiple regression analysis. The research outcome revealed that the company governance did not affect tax aggressiveness, whereas political connection positively impacted the tax aggressiveness.
Estudo dos efeitos da solvatação aquosa na norepinefrina usando Dinâmica Molecular de Car-Parrinello
Authors: Martins Bruna Nery , Rodrigues Allane C. C. , V. Neto Arsênio P. , Camargo Ademir J. , Oliveira Heibbe C. B. de
Published: January 2021

Norepinephrine, synthesized from tyrosine, is a neurotransmitter of sympathetic post-ganglion neurons. Norepinephrine regulates many critical functions which include attention, memory, learning and cardiovascular functions. This neurotransmitter has several pharmacological uses, such as adrenergic stimulants, widely used in the treatment of hypertension, cardiac surgery and in myocardial infarction. It is extremely important to study the interaction between drugs and water molecules, for a better understanding of absorption, transport and biological action. Within this context, the Car-Parrinello Molecular Dynamics, by treating the solvent explicitly, becomes ideal for the study of solvated media. In this sense, the objective of this work is to analyze the effects of aqueous solvation on the geometric and electronic parameters of norepinephrine using the Molecular Dynamics of Car-Parrinelo. The solvation dynamics was performed using the CPMD program package (version 4.1). The Radial Distribution Function of the hydrogen and oxygen atoms of the water molecules in the first solvation shell were performed for the O1, O2, O3, N7, H4, H5, H6, H8 and H9 atoms of the norepinephrine. The Radial Distribution Function analyzes indicate that most sites have a well-defined peak (N7, O1, O3, H4, H5 and H6). For the O2, H8 e H9 atoms, there are no well-defined peaks, suggesting that these sites do not interact with the atoms of the water molecules, or even the possibility of intra-molecular interactions. These criteria were considered for the next stages of this work, which are already being carried out, and they are analyzes of possible interactions of hydrogen with these sites.
Post-processing of docking results through docking-based comparative intermolecular contacts analysis (dbCICA) of the α4β2 and α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs)
Authors: Batista Victor de Sousa , Sousa Neto Lourival Rodrigues de , Faria Roberto Ribeiro , Reis Keli Cristina Barbosa dos , Nascimento Júnior Nailton Monteiro do
Published: January 2021

The nAChRs are pentameric ligand-gated ionic channels that respond to the endogenous neurotransmitter acetylcholine, with the α4β2 and α7 subtypes being highly expressed in human brain. Those receptors are involved in many neurologic disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease and Schizophrenia, as well as in nicotine addiction. In this context, molecular modelling is a powerful tool for designing novel ligands targeting those receptors. In the present work, we applied dbCICA1 to identify optimal docking conditions for these two receptors. The methodology and results are summarized bellow. Briefly, bioactive compounds acting on each receptor where docked into the crystal structures obtained from PDB (5KXI2 for α4β2 and 5AFH3 for α7) using GOLD4 and the results were post-processed through dbCICA, a genetic algorithm based approach.
Estudo QM/MM da proteína tirosina Bcr-Abl mutada T315I
Authors: Pereira Washington A. , Nascimento Érica C. M. , Martins João B. L.
Published: January 2021

Bcr-Abl tyrosine kinase protein activates the substrate starting kinase signaling cascade that results in cell division. When in excess this activation can lead to chronic myeloid leukemia. Currently, the treatment of this disease is achieved through drugs developed by rational drug design, e.g., imatinib. In this work we study descriptors of the following molecules: imatinib, nilotinib and ponatinib, together with a mutated protein. To characterize interactions between the residues of the active site against those inhibitors, a QM/MM study was carried out, using the hybrid method ONIOM, through the AMBER Force field (low layer) and the semi-empirical method PM6 (high layer).
Relativistic prediction of Pt-195 NMR chemical shift using the NMR- DKH basis sets.
Authors: Paschoal Diego F. S. , Silva Joyce H. C. e
Published: January 2021

Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy has played an important role in the discovery and design of new drugs with antitumor potential and the Pt-195 NMR has a fundamental role since the Pt-195 nucleus is very sensitive to the nature of the ligands in the coordination sphere and the oxidation state of the metal. The theoretical prediction of the Pt-195 NMR chemical shift is an extremely difficult task in which several factors must be taken into accounts, such as basis sets, electronic correlation, solvent, and relativistic effects. In an earlier study, Paschoal et al. developed the NMR-DKH basis sets and a nonrelativistic protocol for predicting the Pt-195 NMR chemical shift. The authors studied a set of 258 Pt(II) complexes and obtained a mean absolute deviation (MAD) of 168 ppm and a mean relative deviation (MRD) of 5%. However, relativistic calculations with the NMR-DKH basis sets have not been performed. Thus, the present work aims to apply the NMR-DKH in predicting the Pt-195 NMR chemical shift including the relativistic effects. The cisplatin was used as a model and its geometry was optimized and characterized as a minimum point on the potential energy surface at the B3LYP/LANL2DZ/def2-SVP/COSMO level. The Pt-195 NMR chemical shift was calculated at the DFT-Functional-DKFull/NMR-DKH/COSMO, where the functionals BP86, PBE, BLYP, PBE0, and B3LYP were tested. All calculations were carried out in NWCHEM 7.0.0 program. From the calculated results, it can be observed that the pure GGA functionals showing a better performance when compared to the hybrid functional. The best result was obtained at the BLYP-DKFull/NMR-DKH/COSMO level, where a DAM and DRM of only 34 ppm and 1.6% was found.
ASPECTOS ENERGÉTICOS E ELETRÔNICOS DA ZEÓLITA H-ZSM-5 NA AÇÃO CATALÍTICA DA REAÇÃO DE DESIDRATAÇÃO DE ÁLCOOIS
Authors: Sousa Gustavo Gomes de , Politi José Roberto dos Santos
Published: January 2021

Due to the growth of ecological concerns and the need to reduce dependence on fossil fuels, the dehydration of alcohols by acid catalysis has been used for the production of various hydrocarbons. Inside this theme, the H-ZSM-5 zeolite has been widely used as a catalyst for this reaction because its high efficiency. Thus, in order to understand the catalyzed reaction mechanism of the alcohol dehydration reaction, this work used the computational methodology ONIOM to study the catalytic behavior of the H-ZSM-5. It was modeled the dehydration reaction process for several alcohols (ethanol, propanol, isopropanol, butanol and 2-butanol) by modeling these alcohols within the zeolite cavity. The study was divided into 3 stages: the adsorption and protonation of alcohols by zeolite, the description of the hydroxyl outlet, and the formation of the double bond. The analysis of the results indicates that the first stage of the reaction occurs with the contact of alcohol with the zeolite cavity, where acid hydrogen promotes the protonation of alcohols, occurring differently for each alcohol. The dehydration process occurs, preferably, via E2 type elimination mechanisms. However, the profile of the energy curves indicates that for larger alcohols, the mechanism is intermediate between the elimination mechanisms E2 with some features of E1 (E2[E1]). Therefore, the zeolite converts alcohols to hydrocarbons in a specific way. Primary, lower-chain alcohols follow E2 mechanism, while secondary and longer-chain alcohols react by a slightly different mechanism, namely E2[E1].
Recomendaciones para la producción de plantas injertadas de clones de marañón en tubete
Authors:   orporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria - AGROSAVIA, Arango Wisner Laura Victoria
Published: January 2021

El marañón (Anacardium occidentale L.) es un árbol originario del nordeste brasilero, cultivado en diversas partes del mundo tropical, principalmente para la producción de nueces, las cuales contienen una de las almendras con mayor aceptación y demanda en el mercado de frutos secos. La Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria (AGROSAVIA) ha realizado investigación y ajuste de tecnología en el desarrollo de las primeras variedades mejoradas de marañón Mapiria, Yopare y Yucao, adaptadas a estas regiones, así como técnicas de propagación a gran escala que permiten atender las altas demandas de plántulas de estas variedades.
Hybrid Deep Learning for Medication-Related Information Extraction From Clinical Texts in French: MedExt Algorithm Development Study
Authors: Jouffroy Jordan , Feldman Sarah F , Lerner Ivan , Rance Bastien , Burgun Anita , Neuraz Antoine
Published: January 2021

Background

Information related to patient medication is crucial for health care; however, up to 80% of the information resides solely in unstructured text. Manual extraction is difficult and time-consuming, and there is not a lot of research on natural language processing extracting medical information from unstructured text from French corpora.

Objective

We aimed to develop a system to extract medication-related information from clinical text written in French.

Methods

We developed a hybrid system combining an expert rule–based system, contextual word embedding (embedding for language model) trained on clinical notes, and a deep recurrent neural network (bidirectional long short term memory–conditional random field). The task consisted of extracting drug mentions and their related information (eg, dosage, frequency, duration, route, condition). We manually annotated 320 clinical notes from a French clinical data warehouse to train and evaluate the model. We compared the performance of our approach to those of standard approaches: rule-based or machine learning only and classic word embeddings. We evaluated the models using token-level recall, precision, and F-measure.

Results

The overall F-measure was 89.9% (precision 90.8; recall: 89.2) when combining expert rules and contextualized embeddings, compared to 88.1% (precision 89.5; recall 87.2) without expert rules or contextualized embeddings. The F-measures for each category were 95.3% for medication name, 64.4% for drug class mentions, 95.3% for dosage, 92.2% for frequency, 78.8% for duration, and 62.2% for condition of the intake.

Conclusions

Associating expert rules, deep contextualized embedding, and deep neural networks improved medication information extraction. Our results revealed a synergy when associating expert knowledge and latent knowledge.
Application of an Adaptive, Digital, Game-Based Approach for Cognitive Assessment in Multiple Sclerosis: Observational Study
Authors: Hsu Wan-Yu , Rowles William , Anguera Joaquin A , Zhao Chao , Anderson Annika , Alexander Amber , Sacco Simone , Henry Roland , Gazzaley Adam , Bove Riley
Published: January 2021

Background

Cognitive impairment is one of the most debilitating manifestations of multiple sclerosis. Currently, the assessment of cognition relies on a time-consuming and extensive neuropsychological examination, which is only available in some centers.

Objective

To enable simpler, more accessible cognitive screening, we sought to determine the feasibility and potential assessment sensitivity of an unsupervised, adaptive, video game–based digital therapeutic to assess cognition in multiple sclerosis.

Methods

A total of 100 people with multiple sclerosis (33 with cognitive impairment and 67 without cognitive impairment) and 24 adults without multiple sclerosis were tested with the tablet game (EVO Monitor) and standard measures, including the Brief International Cognitive Assessment for Multiple Sclerosis (which included the Symbol Digit Modalities Test [SDMT]) and Multiple Sclerosis Functional Composite 4 (which included the Timed 25-Foot Walk test). Patients with multiple sclerosis also underwent neurological evaluations and contributed recent structural magnetic resonance imaging scans. Group differences in EVO Monitor performance and the association between EVO Monitor performance and standard measures were investigated.

Results

Participants with multiple sclerosis and cognitive impairment showed worse performance in EVO Monitor compared with participants without multiple sclerosis (P=.01) and participants with multiple sclerosis without cognitive impairment (all P<.002). Regression analyses indicated that participants with a lower SDMT score showed lower performance in EVO Monitor (r=0.52, P<.001). Further exploratory analyses revealed associations between performance in EVO Monitor and walking speed (r=–0.45, P<.001) as well as brain volumetric data (left thalamic volume: r=0.47, P<.001; right thalamic volume: r=0.39, P=.002; left rostral middle frontal volume: r=0.28, P=.03; right rostral middle frontal volume: r=0.27, P=.03).

Conclusions

These findings suggest that EVO Monitor, an unsupervised, video game–based digital program integrated with adaptive mechanics, is a clinically valuable approach to measuring cognitive performance in patients with multiple sclerosis.

Trial Registration

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03569618; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03569618
Tracking COVID-19 Discourse on Twitter in North America: Infodemiology Study Using Topic Modeling and Aspect-Based Sentiment Analysis
Authors: Jang Hyeju , Rempel Emily , Roth David , Carenini Giuseppe , Janjua Naveed Zafar
Published: January 2021

Background

Social media is a rich source where we can learn about people’s reactions to social issues. As COVID-19 has impacted people’s lives, it is essential to capture how people react to public health interventions and understand their concerns.

Objective

We aim to investigate people’s reactions and concerns about COVID-19 in North America, especially in Canada.

Methods

We analyzed COVID-19–related tweets using topic modeling and aspect-based sentiment analysis (ABSA), and interpreted the results with public health experts. To generate insights on the effectiveness of specific public health interventions for COVID-19, we compared timelines of topics discussed with the timing of implementation of interventions, synergistically including information on people’s sentiment about COVID-19–related aspects in our analysis. In addition, to further investigate anti-Asian racism, we compared timelines of sentiments for Asians and Canadians.

Results

Topic modeling identified 20 topics, and public health experts provided interpretations of the topics based on top-ranked words and representative tweets for each topic. The interpretation and timeline analysis showed that the discovered topics and their trend are highly related to public health promotions and interventions such as physical distancing, border restrictions, handwashing, staying home, and face coverings. After training the data using ABSA with human-in-the-loop, we obtained 545 aspect terms (eg, “vaccines,” “economy,” and “masks”) and 60 opinion terms such as “infectious” (negative) and “professional” (positive), which were used for inference of sentiments of 20 key aspects selected by public health experts. The results showed negative sentiments related to the overall outbreak, misinformation and Asians, and positive sentiments related to physical distancing.

Conclusions

Analyses using natural language processing techniques with domain expert involvement can produce useful information for public health. This study is the first to analyze COVID-19–related tweets in Canada in comparison with tweets in the United States by using topic modeling and human-in-the-loop domain-specific ABSA. This kind of information could help public health agencies to understand public concerns as well as what public health messages are resonating in our populations who use Twitter, which can be helpful for public health agencies when designing a policy for new interventions.
Adoption of video laryngoscopy by a major academic anesthesia department
Authors: Samuels Jon D , Tangel Virginia E , Lui Briana , Turnbull Zachary A , Pryor Kane O , White Robert S , Jiang Silis Y
Published: January 2021

Aim:
To describe the adoption patterns of intubating devices used at a major teaching and research facility.
Materials & methods:
Retrospective analysis of 2012–2019 data on frequency and trends in airway management devices collected from our anesthesia information management system.
Results:
Use of direct laryngoscopy was more frequent, but there was a downward trend in use over time (p < 0.008) in favor of video laryngoscopy (VL), which increased significantly (p < 0.008). The largest growth among devices was the McGrath VL, which increased from 0.2% in 2012 to 36.2% of cases in 2019.
Conclusion:
Our study shows a clear increase in VL usage which has implications in quality of care and medical education.
How and when family-supportive supervisor behaviors foster work engagement and gratitude: A moderated mediation model
Authors: Qing Guoxia , Zhang Haitao , Wang Zhongcheng
Published: January 2021

In light of social exchange theory and the gratitude norm of Confucianism, we explored the relationships between family-supportive supervisor behaviors (FSSBs), employee gratitude, and work engagement. We also investigated power distance orientation as a potential contingent factor
affecting these relationships. We tested our hypotheses using a two-wave survey conducted with 325 employees of 15 companies in China. When we controlled for supervisor–employee work support, we found that employee gratitude partially mediated the positive association between FSSBs and
work engagement. Further, power distance orientation negatively moderated the direct effect of FSSBs on employee gratitude and the mediating effect of gratitude of FSSBs on work engagement. Theoretical and practical management implications are discussed.
LEXICAL AND GRAMMATICAL ASPECTS OF TRANSLATING RUǎNAND LíNGPREFIXES
Authors:   Julia S. Sukhina Amur State University, Sukhina Julia S. , Leskova Ekaterina V. ,   Ekaterina V. Leskova Amur State University
Published: January 2021

At the present stage of development in every sphere of public life and professional sectors there is a necessity in new words including new terms. Consequently, further study of word-formation process becomes particularly urgent. In mass media discourse, Internet-vocabulary words formed by affixation appear more frequently. Neologisms emerge in vocabularies that describe new processes and trends in social, political and economic spheres of life. Recent years are marked by increased interest in the study of affixation. The current paper describes lexical units that are formed by adding prefixes ruan- and ling-. Certain groups of derivatives with the two prefixes were discovered. The results indicate on-going process of ruan- and ling- delexicalizing. Despite unfinished delexicalizing both prefixes are characterized by high productivity of word-formation.
"INFANT.RU", "INFANT.MAVS", "CHILD.RU", "EMOCHILDRU" - RUSSIAN CHILDREN SPEECH CORPORA AND THEIR APPLICATION IN RESEARCH OF ONTOGENESIS OF SPEECH
Authors:   Elena E. Lyakso St Petersburg State University, Lyakso Elena E. , Frolova Olga V. ,   Olga V. Frolova St Petersburg State University, Grigorev Aleksey S. ,   Aleksey S. Grigorev St Petersburg State University, Ostrouxov Aleksandr V. ,   Aleksandr V. Ostrouxov St Petersburg State University
Published: January 2021

«INFANT.RU», «INFANT.MAVS» - 1-3 years old children vocalizations and speech corpora, spontaneous and read speech of 4-7 years old children speech corpora «CHILD.RU», and emotional speech of 4-7 years old children speech corpora «EmoChildRu» were developed by Child's speech research group of Saint Petersburg state university. These original corpora are the first on Russian language material. The speech material contained in the child's speech corpora is the basis for multidisciplinary researches: different aspects of speech formation, their correlation with child's cognitive and emotional development.
THE IMPLICATIONS OF THE MODERN MYTHS OF PETERSBURG IN THE 19TH CENTURY RUSSIAN LITERATURE
Authors:   Gan Haiguan Heihe University, Haiguan Gan
Published: January 2021

Myth creation is an integral element of human consciousness. All the images related to Petersburg, due to its unique role in the process of Russian modernization and forming cultural heritage, have been mythologized in the folk literature. Based on the folk literature of Petersburg and the special situation of Russian modernization and with the combination of historism and mythicism, Russian writers, with their unique mythological thinking and awareness, created the modern myths of Petersburg, that have the same images and consistent thinking. The modern myths of Petersburg in the 19th-century Russian literature are rooted in Russian history and social reality and truly reflect all kinds of conflicts in the development of modernization of the Russian society. The myths interpret the problems of modern civilization and unfold the unchanging factors in the empirical world and historical development.
SENSE OF HUMOR MANIFESTATION: VERBAL AND PARAVERBAL MEANS
Authors:   Vladimir V. Naumov  Peter the Great St. Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Naumov Vladimir V.
Published: January 2021

The paper reports on the analysis of the evolution of verbal and paraverbal means of expressing the sense of humor. The results indicate that the absence of the sense of humor in medieval times can be explained by the symmetry of form and meaning of the linguistic sign and high degree of mentality stereotypization. The article views internal and external factors of the sense of humor emerging and its manifestation in different lingual cultures. It is shown that it has different gradations and forms. Paraverbal means of expressing the sense of humor in different lingual cultures are analyzed. It is stressed that social and ethnic rules of speech and paraverbal behavior prescribe certain reactions of the interlocutor.
CLASSIFICATIONS OF MODAL PARTICLES IN MODERN CHINESE
Authors:   Evgeniya V. Kravchenko Amur State University, Kravchenko Evgeniya V.
Published: January 2021

In this article, classifications of modal particles of modern Chinese developed by Russian and Chinese researchers of grammar are discussed. The use of modal particles is one of the most characteristic features of the Chinese language. Their main functions are emotional-semantic accentuation and expression of additional meaning. Modal particles have a significant influence on the sentence translation, and can drastically change its meaning and intonation. This fact makes the modal particles of the Chinese language relevant for further studying. Abundance and variety of modal particles encouraged researchers to develop independent classifications based on different criteria including frequency of occurrence, types of intonation expressed, location in the sentence, number of syllables, and the expressed types of meanings. It is important for Chinese-as-L2 learners to master the variety of modal particles for correct speech production and adequate speech perception.
VELAR VOICELESS STOP /K/ IN THE SELEMDZHA ACCENT OF THE EVENKI LANGUAGE
Authors:   Olga N. Morozova Amur State University, Morozova Olga N.
Published: January 2021

The current paper focuses upon articulatory and acoustic features of the Evenki velar voiceless stop /k/. Its allophones are researched in all word positions (initial, medial, final, and in consonant clusters). Auditory analysis and dynamic spectrography were used to determine and describe acoustic correlates of all allophones characteristic for /k/. These include aspirated, fricative (as a result of spirantization), uvular, palatized, implosive, and affricated ones. Affrication was characteristic for the Evenki /k/ only in word-initial position before front vowels.
FOLKLORE WORDS
Authors:   Vladimir V. Naumov  Peter the Great St. Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Naumov Vladimir V.
Published: January 2021

The presence of authentic anonymous texts of various levels and genres in the lingual culture of the nation indicates the determining role of the total creative activity of the socium that gives birth to the language system potential and the vaiety of patterns of its use. The current paper considers the process of producing and perceiving of anonymous folklore works including songs, anecdotes, aphorisms in social networks. Content and form of these pieces of folklore art are analyzed, their functions and role in forming national lingual mentality are viewed.
INFERENCE IN LINGUISTIC AND EXTRALINGUISTIC STUDIES
Authors:   OKSANA N. AFANASYEVA  Nosov State Technical University, AFANASYEVA OKSANA N.
Published: January 2021

The paper briefly reviews the studies, devoted to the inference phenomenon in linguistic and extra-linguistic fields. It also studies and illustrates inferences in narrative discourse comprehension, nomination and word-building processes in the formation of such linguistic units as idioms, derivative verbs, abbreviations. The conclusion about the universality of the discussed phenomenon as a way of thinking and its unique character in every special case of its existence in language and speech is made.
MODERN COMMUNICATIVE CULTURE OF THE EVENKS FROM IENGRA VILLAGE
Authors:   Kirill N. Struchkov The Institute for Humanities Research and Indigenous Studies of the North Russian Academy of Sciences, Siberian Branch, Struchkov Kirill N.
Published: January 2021

The factor connected with the cultural tradition of the Evenks determining the national and cultural peculiarities of verbal communication is explored. The current paper describes contemporary ethno-cultural processes and phenomena in the local group, in particular, the forms of everyday communication, their current state and place in the ethno-cultural context. The study of linguistic field work materials and publications of ethnographers and historians enabled to describe the use of lexical units connected with commandments and rituals among which we can see worshiping the spirits of the Nature, remembering Evenki roots, respect to the elderly and Mother. Proverbs and sayings are considered that reflect the above mentioned linguoculture traits as well as such important character traits of Evenks as modesty, deliberation and laconicity that are mostly appreciated in males.