bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analgesic Effectiveness between Preemptive Intravenous Acetaminophen and Single-Shot Caudal Block in Paediatric Inguinal Hernia Repair
Authors: Othman Siti Sarah , Abidin Huda Zainal , Mazlan Mohd Zulfakar , Mukmin Laila Abdul , Shah Mohd Shahrulsalam Mohd , Mohamed Nik Abdullah Nik , Omar Mahamarowi
Published: January 2024

In an era where fast-track surgery is preferred and more cases are
performed under day care surgery, anaesthesia techniques and pain
management evolve to suit the demand.In our study, we compared the anal-
gesic effectiveness between preemptive intravenous acetaminophen and
single-shot caudal block in paediatric patients undergoing inguinal
hernia repair. This is a prospective randomised study involving a total
of 40 American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) 1 and 2 patients who
are 6 months to 5 years old, randomised into two groups: group A
(intravenous aceta- minophen) and group B (single-shot caudal). Our
primary outcome is the postoperative pain score using Face, Legs,
Activity, Cry, and Consolability (FLACC) scale at several intervals (10
min, 30 min, 1 h, 2 h, and 6 h). The time of first rescue analgesic
requirement was compared. The pain score of group B patients was lower
during the first 1 h postoperatively (p = 0.018) at 10 min, (p = 0.013)
30 min, and (p = 0.05) 1 h and was found to be insignificant beyond the
period. Nonetheless, the mean pain score in both groups was low with
0.15; lowest and 0.45; highest. We found no significant mean time
difference for the first analgesic requirement and mean total opioid
consumption between the two groups. Preemptive IV acetaminophen is
equivocal to caudal block for a paediatric herniotomy surgery. In fact,
IV acetaminophen could give more pharmacoeconomics advantages as it is
easily administered, less time needed hence more rapid turnovers between
the cases and high safety profile
Evidence of the importance of contact tracing in fighting the COVID-19
Authors: KWON OKYU
Published: January 2024

Background: We conducted data analysis to determine whether there are
distinguishing characteristics depending on the success or failure of
control for COVID-19 by country in the trend of the daily number of
confirmed cases and the number of tests. Methods: We obtained the number
of confirmed cases and tests per day for almost every country in the
world from Our World in Data. We applied the Pearson correlation between
the two time series was calculated according to the time delay to
analyze the relationship between the number of tests and the number of
cases with a lag. Results: For each country, we obtained the time lag
that makes the maximum correlation between the number of confirmed cases
and the number of tests for COVID-19. It can be seen that countries
whose time lag lies in a special section between about 15 and 20 days
are generally successful in control COVID-19. It looks like a trench on
the battlefield. Conclusion: We have seen the possibility that the
success in mitigating COVID-19 can be expressed as a simple indicator of
the time lag of the correlation between confirmed cases and tests. This
indicator can be presumed to be a sign of an effort to actively tracing
infected person.
The Role of Normal Nasal Morphological Variations from Race and Gender Differences on Respiratory Physiology
Authors: Shah Reanna , Frank-Ito Dennis O.
Published: January 2024

Objectives: To identify anatomical and airflow-induced relationships
based on nasal morphological variations due to inter- and intra-racial
differences and gender. Design: Subject-specific reconstruction of the
nasal airway anatomy was created from computed tomography images in 16
subjects: 4 subjects from each ethnic group (Black, East Asian,
Caucasian, and Latino) comprising of 2 males and 2 females. Volume,
surface area, nasal index, airflow rate, and nasal resistance were
measured to determine the role of normal nasal morphological variations
due to race and gender differences on these variables. Results:
Bilateral nasal airspace surface area (p=0.0499) and volume (p=0.0281)
were significantly greater in male subjects than in females. Median
(Interquartile Range; IQR) surface area was 218.83cm² (IQR=29.42 cm²)
for males and 190.08cm² (IQR=19.77cm²) for females, and 20.88cm³
(IQR=3.72 cm³) versus 18.02cm³ (IQR=3.06cm³) for males and female’s
nasal volumes, respectively. Nasal volume was greatest in East Asians
(Median=20.38cm3, IQR=4.58cm3), while Latinos had the greatest surface
area (Median=219.70cm2, IQR=29.56cm2). East Asian and Black females had
a larger average nasal index than their male counterparts, while Latino
and Caucasian males had a larger average nasal index than their female
counterparts. Caucasians had the highest median pressure at 12.55Pa
(IQR=6.19Pa) and highest median nasal resistance at 0.050Pa.s/ml
(IQR=0.025Pa.s/ml), while East Asians had the lowest for both variables.
Conclusions: Our findings indicate that there exist anatomical
variabilities based on race and gender. However, these variabilities may
not significantly influence nasal respiratory functions.
Measurement of Range of Alpha Particle in CR-39 Detector by Using Nuclear Track Profiles
Authors: elaraby entesar , Shabaan Doaa
Published: January 2024

The alpha particle is very dangerous in internal interact so the study
every parameter for alpha is very important. The Solid State Nuclear
track detector (SSNTD) CR39 used to study the different parameter for
alpha. In the present work, the bulk etch rate was measured by two
different methods. The results showed that the measurement of VB values
by the Lmax method are very close to the values measured by the method
of bulk drilling as the average of the two values is 1.25 0.04µm/h. The
results also showed that the measured range of alpha particles by the
path profile method for all measured alpha energies was very close to
the theoretical values of the range. From the results we find that the
track profile method is useful for determining the different parameters
of the path.
Physicians and Drug promoters: Critical Analysis of Interactions in Ethiopia
Authors: Yesuf Teshager , Demeke Birhanu , Gobeze Mengistie , Gebregergs Haftom , Tadesse Kassahun , Ayele Segenet
Published: January 2024

Abstract Introduction: Drug promotion is a public health concern since
it has an impact on the sale of drug products as well as their
manufacturing, distribution, availability, cost and importantly rational
utilization. Promotion influences physicians in such a way that they
have a tendency for irrational prescribing, preference for newer, more
expensive drugs and an inability to identify incorrect claims about drug
products. Therefore, this study assessed interactions of drug promoters
and physicians and its effect on prescribing in Ethiopia. Methods: A
cross sectional study was conducted among all physicians working both in
private and public health facilities, and drug promoters in Dessie town,
Ethiopia. Data was collected using a structured self-administered
questionnaire. Statistical analysis was carried out using SPSS 20
software. Results: This study found that drug promoters visited most of
physicians and half of them accepted a gift from promoters. Drug sample,
office stationery and invitation for training were the most common types
of gifts offered to physicians. Regarding to perception of physicians,
nearly two third of physicians perceived that the information received
from drug promoters is not adequate. Most of the physicians said that
promoters did not influence the prescribing behaviour of physicians
about newly promoted drugs. About half of the physicians believed that
drug promoters should not promote their products in the way they are
doing currently. Conclusion: Drug companies were claimed to be sources
of information for physicians to learn about drugs; however, they
perceived that information received from drug promoters are biased in
favour of their products. Key words: Physicians, drug promoters,
critical interaction, Ethiopia
Warm and cool-edge populations reveal high resilience of seagrass (Posidonia oceanica) to warming
Authors: Bennett Scott , Alcoverro Teresa , Kletou Demetris , Antoniou Charalampos , Boada Jordi , Moreno Xavier Buñuel , Cucala Lidia , Jorda Gabriel , Kleitou Periklis , Roca Guillem , Santana-Garcon Julia , Savva Ioannis , Verges Adriana , Marbà Núria
Published: January 2024

Disentangling spatial variation in climate change impacts is a pressing
challenge. Here we compared the performance of Posidonia oceanica
seagrass populations to temperature, throughout a year-long
translocation experiment across 2800 km in the Mediterranean Sea.
Transplants in central and warm-edge locations experienced temperatures
>29 ºC during summer, representing thermal anomalies
>5ºC above long-term maxima for cool-edge populations,
1.5ºC for central and <1ºC for warm-edge populations. At the
onset of the experiment, a highly selective herbivory event removed 75%
of cool-to-warm transplant biomass but left adjacent central and
warm-edge treatments intact. Despite big differences in thermal stress
and acute herbivory, cool-edge populations recovered and matched
warm-edge populations across all performance metrics. Central
populations displayed significantly lower growth and survivorship in
response to thermal stress. Our findings reveal that intraspecific
variation in thermal performance does not necessarily reflect thermal
geography and suggest greater resilience to warming for Posidonia
oceanica than previously recognised.
SOLUTIONS OF MULTIPLICATIVE LINEAR DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS VIA THE MULTIPLICATIVE POWER SERIES METHOD
Authors: Dedetürk Mutlu , Yalçın Numan
Published: January 2024

In this study, definitions of multiplicative Taylor series (MTS),
multiplicative Taylor polynomials (MTP) and multiplicative power
series(MPS) are given. Solutions of first and second order
multiplicative linear differential equations (MLDE) are investigated
with the help of the MPS. In addition, the solution of the n’th order
multiplicative linear differential equation via MPS is generalized.
These studies are supported with numerical examples.
Equus roundworms (Parascaris spp.) are undergoing divergence due to natural and anthropogenic factors
Authors: Han Lei , Lan Tianming , Lu Yaxian , Zhou Mengchao , Li Haimeng , Lu Haorong , Wang Qing , Li Xiuyun , Du Shan , Guan Chunyu , Zhang Yong , Sahu Sunil , Qian Puyi , Zhang Shaofang , Zhou Hongcheng , Guo Wei , Chai Hongliang , Wang Sibo , Liu Quan , Liu Huan , Hou Zhijun
Published: January 2024

The evolution of parasites is often directly affected by the host’s
environment or behavior. Studies on the evolution of the same parasites
in different hosts are extremely attractive and highly relevant to our
understanding of divergence and speciation. Here we analyzed the genetic
variation of Equus roundworm populations in different hosts (horses,
zebras and donkeys), and presented the first molecular evidence of
divergence in Equus roundworms (Parascaris univalens). At the genetic
level, Equus roundworms were mainly separated into two clades
(Horse-derived and Zebra & Donkey-derived). This divergence began at
600-1500 years ago, which interestingly coincided with the domestication
history of horses. We found that compared with horse-derived roundworms,
most of the key enzymes related to glycolysis were under strong positive
selection in zebra & donkey-derived roundworms, indicating that the
evolution of the metabolic level was one of the main reasons for the
divergence. In addition, we conducted a selective scan of
resistance-related genes and found that the three populations were under
different degrees of selection. This prompted us to pay attention to the
possible impact of drugs on divergence, not just the drug resistance.
This work supports that divergence or speciation is a continuous and
dynamic process, and continuous monitoring of environmental factors is
conducive to further understanding the adaptive evolution of roundworms.
Patterns of pediatric and adolescent gynecological problems in China: A hospital-based retrospective study of 97,252 patients and a systematic review
Authors: Sun Liying , Jiang Yiran , Gao Huihui , He Yusa , Song Peige , Shen Qiuxiang , Zhu Li , Zhao Yonggen , Yan Shiyu , Zhang Xi , Yu Xiaojin , Grover Sonia , Chan Symphorosa , Ma Jing , Yuan Changzheng
Published: January 2024

Objective: To describe the pattern and population characteristics of
pediatric and adolescent gynecological (PAG) problems in China. Design:
A clinic-based retrospective study of gynecological patients (aged 0-18
years) over a period of 13 years, and a systematic review of related
studies in China. Setting: Department of PAG at The Children’s Hospital
of Zhejiang University School of Medicine. Population or Sample: The
final analyses included 97,252 patients with gynecological problems.
Methods: Descriptive analysis was conducted to evaluate the pattern of
PAG problems. The weighted average of PAG problem percentages were
calculated. Main Outcome Measures: Spectrum of PAG problems Results: The
number of first-visit PAG patients increased from 4,582 to 11,876 from
2006 to 2018. Overall, genital inflammation was the most common
presentation (57·0%), followed by early puberty (18·2%). The disease
pattern varied across age groups, the most common problems were genital
inflammation for age 0-6 years; genital inflammation and early puberty
for age 7-9 years; consultation of growth and development, genital
inflammation and menstrual disorder for age 10-18 years. Summarizing
twenty previous studies of outpatient PAG patterns in China, we found an
average weighted percentage of 48·8% for genital inflammation and
25·2% for menstrual disorder. Conclusion: Genital inflammation, early
puberty, consultation of growth and development and menstrual disorder
were common issue for pediatric and adolescent patients with
gynecological problems in China. Funding The National Nature Science
Foundation of Zhejiang (LQ18H040001, LY20H040011) Medical Scientific
Projects from Health department of Zhejiang Province(2017KY101)
Keywords: Pediatric and adolescent gynecological; disease patterns;
retrospective study; systematic review
Comparison of Pandemic Intervention Policies in Different Building Types Using a Spatio-Temporal Model
Authors: Lazebnik Teddy , Alexi Ariel
Published: January 2024

In a world where pandemics are a matter of time and increasing
urbanization of the world’s population, governments should be prepared
with pandemic intervention policies to minimize the crisis direct and
indirect adverse effects while keeping normal life as much as possible.
Successful pandemic intervention policies have to take into
consideration the unique behavior of individuals in different types of
buildings and social contexts. In this study, we propose a
Spatio-temporal model and in silico simulation to evaluate pandemic
intervention policies in four types of buildings - home, office, school,
and mall. We show that indeed each building type has a unique pandemic
spread and therefore a different optimal intervention policy.
A Novel Extended Non-Linear State Observer for Estimation of State of Charge of Lithium-Ion Battery
Authors: SAKILE Rajakumar , Sinha Umesh Kumar
Published: January 2024

In this paper, an Extended Non-Linear State Observer (ENSO) is proposed
for the estimation of accurate State of Charge (SOC) of lithium-ion
battery. The Two-RC equivalent circuit model is utilized to describe the
dynamic behaviour of the lithium-ion battery, based on the circuit state
equations the proposed ENSO is designed for the estimation of SOC. The
ninth-order polynomial fitting curve is assumed to be a representation
of a highly non-linear relationship between Open Circuit Voltage (OCV)
and the SOC. Moreover, the stability and convergence rate of the
proposed ENSO is guaranteed by Lyapunov’s stability analysis. The
performance of the proposed observer is compared with well-extinguished
methods i.e., Unscented Kalman Filter (UKF) and Sliding Mode Observer
(SMO) algorithms. The proposed method has given better dynamic
performance with accurate SOC, reducing computational cost and enhance
the convergence capability as compared to conventional methods. The
Proposed model effectiveness has been validated through the
MATLAB/Simulink platform.
Haploidentical Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation to Treat X-linked Lymphoproliferative Syndrome without remission: A Report of 7 cases in a Single Center
Authors: Jiang Fan , Sun Yuan , Wu Nanhai , Guo Zikuan , Liu Zhouyang , Fan Shifen , Xiao Juan , Chen Jiao , Liu Hongyan
Published: January 2024

Objective: To investigate the prognostic factors of haploid
hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in the treatment of X-linked
lymphoproliferative syndrome. Methods: Seven children with X-linked
lymphoproliferative syndrome diagnosed by XIAP gene analysis were
enrolled into our hospital from June 2015 to September 2020. All the
children were boys with a median age of 3.1 years (1.2-5.6 years) and a
median duration of 9 months (5-28 months) from the disease onset to
accepting HSCT. Disease status was assessed before transplantation, with
partial remission in 6 cases and disease progression in 1 case. Five
children received paternal hematopoietic grafts while two cases
experienced secondary transplantations from maternal grafts.
Preconditioning regimens consisted of Etoposide (VP-16), Fludarabine
(Flu), Busulfan (BU), Anti-thymocyte globulin, but the Busulfan was
replaced by Melphalan in the two cases who received secondary
transplants. The median count of infused mononuclear cells (MNC) was
9.07×108/kg [(8.45-9.98)×108/kg] and CD34-positive cells was
6.45×106/kg [(4.67-8.53)×106/kg].
Chromosome-level analysis of the Mauremys mutica genome reveals adaptation of temperature-dependent sex-associated genes
Authors: Liu Xiao Li , Wang Yakun , Yuan Ju , Liu Fang , Hong Xiaoyou , Li Wei , Chen Chen , Yu Lingyun , Ni Wei , Liu Haiyang , Zhao Jian , Wei Chengqing , Chen Haigang , Liu Yihui , Zhu Xinping
Published: January 2024

Knowledge of the sex determination system and sex-associated genes has
important implications in physiology, ecology and evolution, but the
mechanisms underlying sexual determination systems in turtles has not
been fully elucidated, due to their remarkable variability and a lack of
reference genomes in some species. In this report, we describe the first
genome assembled at the chromosome scale for Mauremys mutica using
Illumina and high-throughput chromatin conformation capture (Hi-C)
technology. A total of 280.42 Gb of clean data were generated using the
Pacific Biosciences platforms, which represented approximately 119×
coverage of the Mauremys mutica genome. The assembly comprised 2.23 Gb
with a contig N50 of 8.53 Mb and scaffold N50 of 141.98 Mb. Genome Hi-C
scaffolding resulted in 26 pseudochromosomes containing 99.98% of the
total assembly based on BUSCO analysis. Genome annotation predicted
24,751 protein-coding genes, and 97.23% of them were annotated.
Comparative genomics analysis indicated that the lizard-snake-tuatara
clade diverged from the bird-crocodilian-turtle clade at approximately
283.1-320.5 Mya. Additionally, positive selection of genes and gene
families related to calcium signaling, neuroactive ligand-receptor
interaction, and expansion of the hormone signaling pathway were
identified, implicating their roles in sex regulation in Mauremys
mutica. High-quality genome assembly may provide a valuable genomic
resource for further research investigating gene-environment
interactions in Mauremys mutica.
Classification of ≥80-year-old individuals into healthy, moderately healthy and frail based on different frailty scores, affects the interpretation of laboratory results
Authors: Edvardsson Maria , Levander Märtha , Milberg Anna , Ernerudh Jan , Wressle Ewa , Marcusson Jan , Grodzinsky Ewa
Published: January 2024

Background: Interpretating laboratory analytes is crucial when
outcomes in elderly patients with chronic diseases and on medications
are being interpreted. Elderly individuals constitute a heterogenous
group ranging from individuals managing daily life independently to
frail individuals; a term widely used although there is no consensus on
the definition. The aim of the present study was to investigate the
effect of classifying individuals above 80 years of age into healthy,
moderately healthy and frail on the interpretation of the laboratory
analytes albumin, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate
aminotransferase (AST), creatinine and gamma glutamyltransferase (-GT).
Methods: Individuals >80 years (n=568), were
classified by ADL/MMSE, or Frailty index (FI), including comorbidity,
cognitive and physical performance. Results: Three hundred and
seventy-eight out of 568 (67%) individuals fell under the same
classification with both models. No differences were found between the
groups healthy or moderately healthy individuals for any of the
analytes, but individuals classified as frail based on FI had lower mean
levels of ALT, creatinine and -GT, than individuals classified as frail
based on ADL/MMSE (p<0.05). Conclusions: The present
study found that using ADL/MMSE or FI to define health status to some
extent affected laboratory analytes levels in ≥80-year-olds. The
reference intervals provided by NORIP seem to be suitable for the
analytes studied for the individuals classified as healthy or moderately
healthy, but not for the individuals classified as frail.
Impact of Disease-Modifying Therapies on MRI Outcomes in Patients with Relapsing -Remitting Multiple Sclerosis: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis
Authors: Bose Debdipta , Ravi Renju , Maurya Miteshkumar , konwar mahanjit , Pushparajan Libby
Published: January 2024

Background Multiple sclerosis is a chronic autoimmune inflammatory
demyelinating disorder of the central nervous system. The clinical
presentation supported by characteristic findings on MRI forms the
backbone of the current diagnostic criteria. This study was aimed to
investigate the efficacy based on MRI outcomes of FDA approved
disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) for relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS).
Materials and Methods We searched PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane
Central Register of Controlled Trials for randomised controlled trials
(RCTs) of DMTs. The outcome measures were the change from baseline in
the number of T2, T1 and/or gadolinium-enhancing (Gd+) lesions in brain
MRI performed at 12 months to 24 months. We performed a network
meta-analysis using the frequentist approach in STATA version 16.0.
Results We identified 26 RCTs for final analysis. Interferon β-1a and
placebo were the most common comparison treatment. Dimethyl fumarate
(DMF) 480 mg was more effective in reducing the Gd+ lesions and T1
lesions. Pegylated interferon β1a 250 mcg was relatively better in
reducing T2 lesions. The treatment ranking showed that DMF 480 mg/720 mg
and interferon β1b 250 mcg were more efficacious (0.9, 0.8 and 0.8 in
SUCRA, respectively) for Gd+ lesions; pegylated interferon β1b 250 mcg
and DMF 480 mg/720 mg were more efficacious (1.0, 0.9 and 0.9 in SUCRA,
respectively) for T2 lesions and dimethyl fumarate 480 mg/720 mg were
more effective (0.9 in SUCRA both, respectively) for T1 lesions.
Conclusion Dimethyl fumarate 480 mg and pegylated interferon β1a 250 mcg
demonstrated favourable MRI outcomes in patients with the RRMS
Improved (DFT) Generalized k-nearest information systems on Molecular QSAR-QMMM Cryptographic Mining and Chern-Simons Weighted ℓneuron(ι):=φ∘D∘R2∘S∘R1 Topologies for the generation of the Roccustyrna Ligand Targeting SARS-COV-2 D614G Binding Sites.
Authors: Grigoriadis Ioannis
Published: January 2024

SARS coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in the viral spike (S) encoding a
SARS-COV-2 SPIKE D614G mutation protein predominate over time in locales
revealing the dynamic aspects of its key viral processes where it is
found, implying that this change enhances viral transmission. In this
paper, we strongly combine topology geometric methods for generalized
formalisms of k-nearest neighbors as a Tipping–Ogilvie and Machine
Learning application within the quantum computing context targeting the
atomistic level of the protein apparatus of the SARS-COV-2 viral
characteristics. In this effort, we propose computer-aided rational drug
design strategies efficient in computing docking usage, and powerful
enough to achieve very high accuracy levels for this in-silico effort
for the generation of AI-Quantum designed molecules of
GisitorviffirnaTM, Roccustyrna_gs1_TM, and Roccustyrna_fr1_TM
ligands targeting the COVID-19-SARS-COV-2 SPIKE D614G mutation by
unifying Molecular Pairs (MMP), Lindenbaum-Tarski logical spaces and
Adaptive Weighted KNN Positioning for Matched Bemis and Murko (BM)
driven eigenvalue statements into Shannon entropy quantities as composed
by Tipping–Ogilvie driven Machine Learning potentials on a (DFT)
ℓneuron(ι):=φ∘D∘R2∘S∘R1
02(1+∑=1{−ℏ20<≡===〈ψ⁎∣∣ψ⁎〉=∑Ni,j=1⟨ψi∣∣(ˆ−ρˆ0)∣∣ψj⟩∑Ni,j=1δij−∑Ni,j=1⟨ψi∣∣ρˆ0∣∣ψj⟩N−Tr[ρˆρˆ0]−∑Ni=1,j≠i⟨ψi∣∣ρˆ0∣∣ψj⟩1−2ℜ∑Ni=1,j
Examining Factors Associated with Utilization of Chaplains in the Acute Care Setting
Authors: White Kelsey B. , Jennings J'Aime C , Karimi Seyed M. , Johnson Christopher E. , Fitchett George
Published: January 2024

Objective: Patient-centered care prioritizes individual values, beliefs,
and needs. Neglecting aspects of patients’ needs often exacerbates
existing disparities. Patients want their spiritual needs addressed and
discussed with the healthcare team, but providers feel unprepared to do
so. While most patients want chaplaincy care, very few receive it, and
little is known about the factors that contribute to its use. Thus, we
aim to identify what population characteristics are associated with the
utilization of chaplaincy services. Data Sources: Electronic medical
record (EMR) data matched with Hospital Consumer Assessment of
Healthcare Providers and Systems (HCAHPS) survey data for
hospitalizations from March 2012 to July 2017. Design: With a
retrospective, cross-sectional analysis, hospitalizations for one
midwestern acute care hospital, were examined for use of spiritual care
services. The dependent variable examined was the amount of chaplaincy
care received. The study used variables categorized as predisposing
(age, sex, race, ethnicity, language, religious affiliation), enabling
(education), and need (self-reported health, self-reported mental
health, primary diagnosis, length of stay). Analysis controlled for
emergency department admission and date of hospitalization. Data
Collection: For each hospitalization, data from the EMR and HCAHPS data
were merged; analysis retained the first hospitalization for each
individual. Results: Bivariate analyses identified associations between
the receipt of chaplaincy care, predisposing variables, and need
variables. Bivariate analyses also yielded associations between the
amount of chaplaincy care and the same variables. Multivariate analysis
utilized a hurdle model that identified the consistent association
between need variables and receipt/use of chaplaincy care. Conclusions:
Regardless of predisposing or enabling characteristics, those with the
most acute health needs were more likely to receive chaplaincy care and
received more total care. Patient-centered models focused on whole
person care may need to evaluate strategic integration of spiritual care
and screening for spiritual needs beyond acute care responses.
Ultrasonographic and electromyographic assessment of the diaphragm in IPF: Is it associated with functional parameters and fibrosis?
Authors: Kısmet Gözde Kalbaran , Okutan Oğzuhan , Ayten Omer , kose ercan , samanci cesur , yesildal melike , kartaloglu zafer
Published: January 2024

Introduction:There is increasing evidence that dyspnea and impaired
exercise capacity are partially associated with respiratory muscle
dysfunction,particularly diaphragmatic dysfunction,in patients with
IPF.We aimed to assess the functions of the diaphragm, which is the main
respiratory muscle,using both US and sEMG in patients with IPF,and to
establish the correlation of these data with pulmonary function
parameters,exercise capacity and radiological extent of fibrosis.
Methods:We measured diaphragmatic mobility,diaphragmatic thickness and
TF by US and the strength of diaphragmatic contraction on sEMG in IPF
patients and compared with healthy individuals.We further assessed the
correlation of these measurements with each other and with
FVC,DLCO,6MWT,spO2 changes,mMRC score and TFS in patients with IPF.
Results:41 IPF patients and 21 healthy individuals were included in the
study.There was no difference in diaphragmatic mobility on US during
quiet breathing between the patient and control groups(2.35 cm vs. 2.56
cm;p=0.29).Diaphragmatic mobility during deep breathing was lower in the
patient group compared to the control group(5.02 cm vs. 7.66
cm;p<0.0001).IPF patients had greater diaphragmatic thickness
during quiet and deep breathing than the control group(0.24 cm vs. 0.22
cm, 0.33 cm vs. 0.31 cm,respectively;p=0.045;p=0.043).There was no
difference in TF between the two groups(39.37% vs. 44.16%;p=0.49).The
strength of diaphragmatic contraction measured on sEMG was higher in IPF
patients compared to healthy individuals(0.61 mV vs. 0.51 mV;p=0.03).In
IPF patients,US and sEMG measurements had no significant relationship
with FVC,DLCO,6MWT,spO2 change levels,mMRC scores and
TFS(p>0.05).When the relationship between US and sEMG
findings in IPF patients was evaluated,a positive correlation was found
between the diaphragmatic thickness during quiet breathing and the
strength of contraction(r=0.32;p=0.04). Conclusion:The functions of the
diaphragm do not appear to be affected in IPF patients with
mild-to-moderate restriction.However,the functions of the diaphragm may
deteriorate as a result of inadequate compensatory response to the load
on respiratory muscles in the later stages of the disease.
Molecular interactions between the most commonly used endodontic lavage agents in clinical practice
Authors: ORHAN Ekim Onur , Irmak Özgür , Tasal Erol , Tanisli Murat
Published: January 2024

Aims The aim of the present study was (i) to analyze the molecular
interactions after mixing ethylenediamine tetra-acetic acid (EDTA) and
sodium hypochlorite solutions using spectroscopic methods, (ii) to
analyze the interaction after experimental cold plasma energy
transferring mimicking physicochemical activation of solutions. Methods
Freshly opened pharmaceutical lavage solutions of 5.25% hypochlorite
(pH= 9.35) and 17% EDTA (w/v; pH=7.32) were used in experiments.
Mixture of 40 ml was prepared using 5.25% hypochlorite / 17% EDTA at a
1:1 ratio. The experimental cold atmospheric-pressure argon plasma jet
treatment was performed using a dielectric barrier discharge device for
mimicking the activation of lavage solutions. Spectral changes were
analyzed with Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and
ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry. Results The main findings were
that carbon and nitrogen bonds formed on the EDTA molecule at 2356.99
cm-1 and 2309.00 cm-1 after oxidation with hypochlorite. The newly
formed peaks corresponding to carbon-nitrogen on the oxidized EDTA
molecule were disappeared after the experimental atmospheric-pressure
argon plasma jet treatment. Due to stimulation at a higher energy level,
π-π* electronic transition was towards the bathochromic shift whereas,
n-π* electronic transition was towards the hypsochromic shift.
Conclusions The molecular structure of EDTA was observed to change after
the oxidization by hypochlorite. The subsequent molecule occurred by the
oxidization by hypochlorite or activated hypochlorite is different from
each other and also is different from the characteristic structure of
EDTA. Experimentally activated hypochlorite was observed to cause the
molecular electronic transitions of EDTA. Thus, the interaction of EDTA
and hypochlorite is more complex than the previously described theory.
Evaluation of Fetal Diaphragm Excursion and Thickness in Term Pregnancies Complicated with Pre-gestational and Gestational Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Acmaz Gokhan , Ozdemir Fatma , Acmaz Banu , Madendag Yusuf , SAHİN Erdem , Muderris İptisam
Published: January 2024

Abstract Aim: Both pre-gestational (PGDM) and gestational diabetes
mellitus (GDM) make pregnancy complicated. Moreover in literature GDM
and PGDM have been accused for respiratory morbidity in newborns.
Diaphragm ultrasound (DUS) is useful and noninvasive method that
provides an opportunity to examination of the diaphragmatic morphology
and function. This study examined quality of fetal diaphragmatic
contractions in pregnant women complicated with GDM and PGDM. Materials
and Methods: A total of 105 volunteers separated into 3 groups; (1) GDM
group (n=35), (2) PGDM group (n=35), and (3) healthy non-diabetic
control group (n=35). Thickness of fetal diaphragm (DT), diaphragmatic
excursion (DE), diaphragm thickening fraction (DTF) and
costodiaphragmatic angle (CDA) was measured on the video frame during
inspiration and expiration phases of respiration. Results: Especially
PGDM group represented adversely affected diaphragm measurement
parameters. DT inspiration, DT expiration, DE, CDA inspiration and DTF
values were significantly different between PGDM and control group.
Conclusions: Quality of fetal diaphragm movements affected in
pregnancies complicated with GDM and PGDM. Prolonged duration of
diabetes may have additional adverse effects on diaphragm morphology and
its function.
First-Third generation EGFR inhibitor combined with cytotoxic chemotherapy in elderly Patients with advanced lung adenocarcinom in routine clinical practice-results from A Subgroup Analysis
Authors: ， Ming-Wei Chen , 。 An-Tai He , . YI Pei
Published: January 2024

Abstract In this study,we investigated a the combination of osimertinib/
gefitinib/ erlotinib with cytotoxic chemotherapy for EGFR-mutated
positive lung adenocarcinoma patients in long-term survival outcomes.
Method We enrolled Ⅲb-IV stage lung adenocarcinoma patients，Patients
receiving standard Osimertinib,Gefitinib,Erlotinip alone treatment and
Osimertinib,Gefitinib and Erlotinip with cytotoxic chemotherapy were
retrospectively reviewed. Result First generation Chemical-TKItherapy
PFS vs First generation TKI therapy alone PFS.P<0.05.Mean
Survival Time（MST）22.00 month VS 16.00.OS P<0.05. MST 32.00
month VS 28.00.Third generation Chemical-TKItherapy PFS vs Third
generation TKI therapy alone PFS.P<0.001.MST 40.00 month VS
26.66. OS P<0.05.MST 48.00 month VS 36.00.First-Third
generation Chemical-TKItherapy PFS vs First-Third generation TKI therapy
alone PFS.P<0.001.(MST)28.00 monthVS 17.00.OS
P<0.001.MST 41,00 month.VS 29.00.Cox regression models showed
a significant prognostic factors for OS were old age (55-69 years)
(HR 0.49 [0.28–0.89], p < 0.02) and gene mutation
(Positive) (HR  0.15 [0.07–0.29], p < 0.05),First add
third generationTKI with chemicaltherapy (HR 0.56 [0.35–0.89],
p < 0.02). Conclusion The results obtained under real-life
conditions add to our understanding of the benefits and risks of
First-Third generation EGFR inhibitor combined with cytotoxic
chemotherapy in routine clinical practice.
How to Effectively Predict Student Achievement by Daily Behavior?
Authors: Li Xiyang , Zhang Hui , Yuan Jing , Luo Tianqi , Niu Xinyu , Yun Zhi , Du Zhaohui
Published: January 2024

With the continuous development of digital campus construction in
colleges and universities, the campus big data environment gradually
tends to be complete. The data of students’ behavior characteristics can
directly reflect students’ daily behavior habits and is related to
students’ performance. Therefore, it is necessary to mine the data of
students’ behavior characteristics accurately and systematically to
establish a high-precision achievement prediction model and provide
reliable decision-making basis for student management. This paper
presents a model of optimized extreme learning machine based on particle
swarm optimization (PSO-ELM). The data derive from Yi ban platform data
and daily statistical data. Firstly, filter the data of students’
behavior and process its vacancy value then analyze the correlation of
the factors affecting students’ performance by binary correlation
analysis. After that, establishing an optimized extreme learning machine
(ELM) model predict students’ performance. To verify the model, data
were randomly assigned to the training group and the test group that
used for validation according to the ratio of 3:2. The results indicate
that the model has good performance and precise prediction accuracy.
Association Between Circulating Influenza and Respiratory Syncytial Virus and Cardiorespiratory Rehospitalizations from Skilled Nursing Facilities
Authors: Riester Melissa , Bosco Elliott , Manthana Rishik , Eliot Melissa , Bardenheier Barbara , Silva Joe , Aalst Rob Van , Chit Ayman , Loiacono Matthew , Gravenstein Stefan , Zullo Andrew
Published: January 2024

Influenza and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) are responsible for
substantial morbidity and mortality in older adults, and can lead to
cardiorespiratory sequelae. Older adults hospitalized and then
discharged to skilled nursing facilities (SNFs) may be particularly
susceptible to these adverse cardiorespiratory outcomes. In this
national cohort of over 5 million SNF stays following a hospitalization,
cardiorespiratory rehospitalization rates increased by approximately 1%
for every 5% increase in circulating influenza A(H3N2), influenza B,
and RSV, but decreased by 1% for every 5% increase in circulating
influenza A(H1N1pdm09). Interventions to reduce respiratory virus
transmission among SNF residents are critical for cardiorespiratory
health.
Health-related Quality of Life and outcome After Total Knee Replacement
Authors: Thaher Yazan Al , Alfuqaha Othman , Dweidari Ahmed
Published: January 2024

Aim: Total knee replacement (TKR) is a common procedure worldwide that
is considered cost-effective with excellent long-term survivorship. This
study aimed to assess health-related quality of life (HQOL), functional
status, and associated factors before and after 3 to 12 months of TKR.
Furthermore, several demographical factors were included in this study
to evaluate the potential association with the procedure’s outcome.
Methods: This study was a cross-sectional study including 118 selected
patients from January 2020 to January 2021. Western Ontario and McMaster
Universities Osteoarthritis Index scale (WOMAC) and Short Form-36
(SF-36) scale were used in this study. Results: Patients before the TKR
operation experienced severe pain, joint stiffness, physical impairment,
and psychological demand issues. After the TKR operation, all symptoms
were improved significantly. It was found that the main change occurred
6-12 months after the procedure. Gender and age were found to be the
primary predictor of quality of life among TKR patients. Conclusion: TKR
procedure can provide an overall improvement in the quality of life for
patients. The improvement can be detected for several months after the
procedure. Function and pain are the most critical indicators of
improvement in quality of life. Assessing the quality of life is a key
indicator for identifying patients without improvement, and essential
for improving the health care process and comparing other alternatives
to an intervention.
Equations of State for the Thermodynamic Properties of n-Perfluorobutane, n-Perfluoropentane, and n-Perfluorohexane
Authors: Gao Kehui , Köster Andreas , Thol Monika , Wu Jiangtao , Lemmon Eric W.
Published: January 2024

Helmholtz energy equations of state with independent variables of
temperature and density were developed for n-perfluorobutane,
n-perfluoropentane, and n-perfluorohexane based on experimental
thermodynamic property data from the literature and simulation results
(for n-perfluorobutane) of this work. The ranges of validity for
temperature, pressure, and density of the equations of state for these
three fluids were determined from the available data. The uncertainties
in density, vapor pressure, saturated liquid and vapor densities, and
caloric properties of the equations of state were also estimated from
comparisons with the data. The behavior of thermodynamic properties was
analyzed to assess the quality of the equations of state; they have
reasonable behavior within the range of validity, as well as at high
temperatures and pressures, and temperatures far below the triple point
temperature.
Performance of risk scoring systems used in severe COVID-19 patients in the emergency department
Authors: Ertekin Birsen , Yortanli Mehmet , Özelbaykal Ozan , Doğru Ali , Kebapçı Sedat , Açıkgöz Aslı , Girisgin Sadik , Acar Tarık
Published: January 2024

The aim of this study is to evaluate the performance of CURB-65, qSOFA,
and NEWS2 scores in predicting mortality in COVID-19 patients and to
investigate potential components of a COVID-19-specific prognostic
score. A total of 502 patients diagnosed with severe COVID-19 in the
emergency department of a pandemic hospital between 01.04.2020 and
01.02.2021 and hospitalized in the intensive care unit were analyzed
retrospectively. Demographic, clinical and laboratory data of the
patients were obtained from the hospital registry system. The CURB-65,
qSOFA and NEWS2 scores of each patient were calculated separately. These
patients were divided into two groups as those who survived and those
who died. All parameters and calculated risk scores were statistically
compared between these two groups. When the CURB-65, NEWS2, qSOFA scores
were compared between the two patient groups, a significant difference
was found (P<0.001). Compared with CURB-65 and qSOFA,
sensitivity of 92.3% and NPV of 90.2% were detected when NEWS2≥8. The
CURBLFPC score reached the highest mortality predictive power among
other scores with an AUC value of 0.91. Because the NEWS2 score is
superior to CURB-65 and qSOFA for predicting mortality, it can be used
in the triage of severe COVID-19 patients, predicting prognosis and
improving outcomes.In more comprehensive and prospective studies, new
models such as CURBFPC can be created and a specific prognostic score
for COVID-19 can be developed.
Characterization of resistance mutations against first and second line antituberculosis drugs of multi-drug resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains isolated from clinical samples by In house PCR method and comparison of resistance profiles
Authors: Çapuk Sümeyya , TARHAN Gulnur , CEYHAN İsmail
Published: January 2024

Aim of the study: Multi-drug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is still an
important public problem. Rapid diagnosis of the agent and determination
of resistance status are critical in establishing the correct treatment
protocol. This study was conducted with the aim of determining
resistance mutations against first and second line drugs in MDR-MTB
strain isolated from respiratory tract specimens . Material and method:
After the subculture of these strains in Löwenstein - Jensen medium, DNA
isolation was performed according to the boiling method. DNA isolates
were kept at -40 0C until the working day. Primer sequences specific to
rpoB, InhA, katG, gyrA, eis and rrs regions were used to determine
isoniazid, rifampicin, quinolone and aminoglycoside resistance. Results:
The positivity rate of rpoB, InhA, katG, gyrA, eis and rrs in 33 MDR-TB
isolates was 27 (81.8 %), 31 (93.9 %), 25 (75.7 %), 25 (75.7 %), 20
(60.6 %) and 14 (60.6 %), respectively. Resistance mutations were not
detected in susceptible isolates. Conclusion: According to the data
obtained from the study, it was found that fluoroquinolone resistance
mutations were higher in isolates defined as MDR-TB by conventional and
molecular methods, and in-house PCR method was a useful method for rapid
resistance detection.
Depth dependence of climatic controls on soil microbial community activity and composition
Authors: Dove Nicholas , Barnes Morgan , Moreland Kimber , Graham Robert , Berhe Asmeret , Hart Stephen
Published: January 2024

Subsoil microbiomes play important roles in soil carbon and nutrient
cycling, yet our understanding of the controls on microbial communities
in the subsoil is limited. Here, we investigate the direct (mean annual
temperature and precipitation) and indirect (soil chemistry) effects of
climate on microbiome composition and activity throughout the soil
profile across two elevation-bioclimatic gradients in central
California, USA. We show that microbiome composition changes and
activity decreases with depth. Across these sites, the direct influence
of climate on microbiome composition and activity was relatively lower
at depth. Furthermore, we find that certain microbial taxa change in
relative abundance over large temperature and precipitation gradients
only in specific soil horizons, highlighting the depth dependence of the
climatic controls on microbiome composition. Our finding that the direct
impacts of climate are muted at depth suggests that deep soil
microbiomes may lag in their acclimation to new temperatures with a
changing climate.
The Relationship Between Diabeteus Mellitus And Acalculous Cholestitis Among Elderly Patients
Authors: DOLANBAY TURGUT , Sahin Levent , Gul Huseyin Fatih , Aras Murat , Atalay Eray , Aras Gizem Gecgel , Anuk Turgut , Evran Multehan , Akbas Ilker
Published: January 2024

Abstract Background:The clinical picture of acute acalculous
cholecystitis can be observed in a wide range from mild lesions to a
degree threatening the patient’s life due to serious complications.In
this study, we aimed to investigate the relationship between patients
with acalculous cholecystitis and diabetes mellitus (DM) that has
serious complications. Methods:The demographic varibles of patients such
as age, gender along with blood tests, were gathered from 110 patients
were gathered. The acalculus cholecystitis patients were divided into
two groups of DM (DM+) and non DM (DM-) acalculus cholecystitis
patients. Descriptive statistics for numerical variables were presented
as mean, standard deviation, median, min-max values. Non-parametric test
procedures were conducted for on non-normally distributed data. In this
context, the non-parametric alternative of the independent sample
t-test, the Mann-Whitney U test, was used to determine the the
difference between means of each group. Perason correlation analysis was
used to test the correlation between continuous variables and chi-square
analysis was performed to evaluate the relationship between categorical
data. Results: The overall analyses revealed that there was a positive
correlation between CRP and AST, CRP and ALT, CRP and GGT, ALT and GGT
in DM+ patients. The results also indicated that gender is not a
significant factor for the relationship between DM and acalculous
cholecystitis. Conclusions: It can be said that advanced age and the
presence of DM increase the risk of acalculous cholecystitis and blood
parameters used to show the presence of infection. Furthermore,
deterioration in liver function tests increases more in DM patients.
Numerical Transformation Methods for a Moving-Wall Boundary Layer Flow of a Rarefied Gas Free Stream over a Moving Flat Plate
Authors: Fazio Riccardo
Published: January 2024

The first contribution of this paper is the extension of the
non-iterative transformation method, proposed by
T\”opfer more than a century ago and defined for the
numerical solution of the Blasius problem, to a Blasius problem with
extended boundary conditions. This method, which makes use of the
invariance of two physical parameters with respect to an extended
scaling group of point transformations, allows us to solve numerically
the Blasius problem with extended boundary conditions by solving a
related initial value problem and then rescaling the obtained numerical
solution. Therefore, our method is an initial value method. However, in
this way, we cannot fix in advance the values of the physical
parameters, and if we need just to compute the numerical solution for
given values of the two parameters we have to define an iterative
extension of the transformation method, which is the second contribution
of this work.