bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Arabidopsis FHY3 and FAR1 integrate light and strigolactone signaling to regulate branching
Authors: Xie Yurong , Liu Yang , Ma Mengdi , Zhou Qin , Zhao Yongping , Zhao Binbin , Wang Baobao , Wei Hongbin , Wang Haiyang
Published: April 2020

Branching/tillering is an important parameter of plant architecture and is tightly regulated by both internal factors (such as plant hormones) and external factors (such as light conditions). How the various signaling pathways converge to coordinately regulate branching is not well understood. Here, we report that in Arabidopsis, FHY3 and FAR1, two homologous transcription factors essential for phytochrome A-mediated light signaling, and SMXL6/SMXL7/SMXL8, three key repressors of the strigolactone (SL) signaling pathway, directly interact with SPL9 and SPL15 and suppress their transcriptional activation of BRC1, a key repressor of branching, thus promoting branching. In addition, FHY3 and FAR1 also directly up-regulate the expression of SMXL6 and SMXL7 to promote branching. Simulated shade treatment reduces the accumulation of FHY3 protein, leading to increased expression of BRC1 and reduced branching. Our results establish an integrated model of light and SL coordinately regulating BRC1 expression and branching through converging at the BRC1 promoter.
First fossil frog from Antarctica: implications for Eocene high latitude climate conditions and Gondwanan cosmopolitanism of Australobatrachia
Authors: Mörs Thomas , Reguero Marcelo , Vasilyan Davit
Published: April 2020

Cenozoic ectothermic continental tetrapods (amphibians and reptiles) have not been documented previously from Antarctica, in contrast to all other continents. Here we report a fossil ilium and an ornamented skull bone that can be attributed to the Recent, South American, anuran family Calyptocephalellidae or helmeted frogs, representing the first modern amphibian found in Antarctica. The two bone fragments were recovered in Eocene, approximately 40 million years old, sediments on Seymour Island, Antarctic Peninsula. The record of hyperossified calyptocephalellid frogs outside South America supports Gondwanan cosmopolitanism of the anuran clade Australobatrachia. Our results demonstrate that Eocene freshwater ecosystems in Antarctica provided habitats favourable for ectothermic vertebrates (with mean annual precipitation ≥900 mm, coldest month mean temperature ≥3.75 °C, and warmest month mean temperature ≥13.79 °C), at a time when there were at least ephemeral ice sheets existing on the highlands within the interior of the continent.
Potential Pathogenic Bacteria in Seminal Microbiota of Patients with Different Types of Dysspermatism
Authors: Yang Huijun , Zhang Jiaming , Xue Zhiwei , Zhao Changying , Lei Lijun , Wen Yan , Dong Yunling , Yang Junjie , Zhang Lei
Published: April 2020

Human microbiota play an important role in the health of their human hosts. Recent studies have demonstrated that microbiota exist in seminal plasma. The current study aims to elucidate whether seminal microbiota exist in patients with different types of dysspermatism and whether bacterial biomarkers can be identified for them. A total of 159 study participants were recruited, including 22 patients with oligoasthenospermia, 58 patients with asthenospermia, 8 patients with azoospermia, 13 patients with oligospermia, and 58 matched healthy controls. Seminal microbiota composition was analyzed using 16S rRNA gene-based sequencing. The results showed that the composition of seminal microbiota of patients with dysspermatism differed from those of healthy controls. Comparison of the microbiota composition in semen samples from patients with different types of dysspermatism showed that microbiota in patients with asthenospermia and oligoasthenospermia were distinct from healthy controls in beta diversity (P < 0.05). Characteristic biomarkers, including Ureaplasma, Bacteroides, Anaerococcus, Finegoldia, Lactobacillus and Acinetobacter lwoffii, were identified based on LEfSe analysis. Inferred functional analysis based on seminal microbiome data further indicated the presence of potential pathogenic biomarkers in patients with asthenospermia and oligoasthenospermia. These results provided profiles of seminal microbiota exhibited in different types of dysspermatism, thus providing new insights into their pathogenesis.
Differential Effects of the Hormonal and Copper Intrauterine Device on the Endometrial Transcriptome
Authors: Smith-McCune Karen , Thomas Reuben , Averbach Sarah , Seidman Dominika , Takeda Margaret , Houshdaran Sahar , Giudice Linda C.
Published: April 2020

The contraceptive effectiveness of intrauterine devices (IUDs) has been attributed in part to a foreign body reaction in the endometrium. We performed this study to better understand mechanisms of action of contraceptives of by studying their effects on endometrial and cervical transcriptomes. We collected endometrial and cervical biopsies from women using the levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system (LNG-IUS, n = 11), copper intrauterine device (cu-IUD, n = 13) or levonorgestrel-containing combined oral contraceptives (COC, n = 12), and from women not using contraceptives (control group, n = 11). Transcriptional profiling was performed with Affymetrix arrays, Principal Component Analysis and the bioconductor package limma. In endometrial samples from cu-IUD users, there were no genes with statistically significant differential expression compared to controls. In LNG-IUS users, 2509 genes were differentially expressed and mapped predominantly onto immune and inflammatory pathways. The cervical samples showed no statistically significant differential gene expression compared to controls. Hormonal and copper IUDs have significantly different effects on the endometrial transcriptome, with the LNG-IUS transcriptome showing pronounced inflammation and immune activation compared to controls whereas the cu-IUD transcriptome was indistinguishable from luteal phase endometrium. These findings argue against a foreign body reaction as a common mechanism of action of IUDs.
Bat coronavirus phylogeography in the Western Indian Ocean
Authors: Joffrin Léa , Goodman Steven M. , Wilkinson David A. , Ramasindrazana Beza , Lagadec Erwan , Gomard Yann , Le Minter Gildas , Dos Santos Andréa , Corrie Schoeman M. , Sookhareea Rajendraprasad , Tortosa Pablo , Julienne Simon , Gudo Eduardo S. , Mavingui Patrick , Lebarbenchon Camille
Published: April 2020

Bats provide key ecosystem services such as crop pest regulation, pollination, seed dispersal, and soil fertilization. Bats are also major hosts for biological agents responsible for zoonoses, such as coronaviruses (CoVs). The islands of the Western Indian Ocean are identified as a major biodiversity hotspot, with more than 50 bat species. In this study, we tested 1,013 bats belonging to 36 species from Mozambique, Madagascar, Mauritius, Mayotte, Reunion Island and Seychelles, based on molecular screening and partial sequencing of the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase gene. In total, 88 bats (8.7%) tested positive for coronaviruses, with higher prevalence in Mozambican bats (20.5% ± 4.9%) as compared to those sampled on islands (4.5% ± 1.5%). Phylogenetic analyses revealed a large diversity of α- and β-CoVs and a strong signal of co-evolution between CoVs and their bat host species, with limited evidence for host-switching, except for bat species sharing day roost sites. These results highlight that strong variation between islands does exist and is associated with the composition of the bat species community on each island. Future studies should investigate whether CoVs detected in these bats have a potential for spillover in other hosts.
Influence of cluster thinning and girdling on aroma composition in ‘Jumeigui’ table grape
Authors: Xi Xiaojun , Zha Qian , He Yani , Tian Yihua , Jiang Aili
Published: April 2020

Cluster thinning and girdling are common and simple practices applied to improve berry quality in table grape cultivation. However, there is limited information about the accumulation and biosynthesis of the entire aromatic profile under cluster thinning and girdling, notably in table grapes. This research investigated the influences of cluster thinning and girdling (alone or in combination) on aroma profiles, particularly the changes in biosynthesis and accumulation of Muscat-flavored related compounds from véraison to harvest in ‘Jumeigui’ grape. Cluster thinning and girdling (alone or in combination) significantly increased the concentrations of total soluble solids (TSS) and key aromatic compounds at harvest, with higher concentrations of both under cluster thinning than girdling. Berry weight and titratable acidity (TA) were unaffected by cluster thinning, girdling, or in combination at harvest. Linalool, the most abundant and active odorant related to Muscat flavor, accumulated in 28.6% and 20.2% higher concentrations from cluster thinning than control and girdling at maturity, respectively. Furthermore, higherDXS3transcript abundance in cluster thinning groups might contribute to the increased accumulation of terpenes and linalool in ‘Jumeigui’ grape. The results will contribute to further understand the mechanism of source/sink ratio modulation on aroma accumulation and better apply cluster thinning and girdling for grape production.
A novel specific PERK activator reduces toxicity and extends survival in Huntington's disease models
Authors: Ganz Javier , Shacham Talya , Kramer Maria , Shenkman Marina , Eiger Hagit , Weinberg Nitai , Iancovici Ori , Roy Somnath , Simhaev Luba , Da’adoosh Benny , Engel Hamutal , Perets Nisim , Barhum Yael , Portnoy Moshe , Offen Daniel , Lederkremer Gerardo Z.
Published: April 2020

One of the pathways of the unfolded protein response, initiated by PKR-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK), is key to neuronal homeostasis in neurodegenerative diseases. PERK pathway activation is usually accomplished by inhibiting eIF2α-P dephosphorylation, after its phosphorylation by PERK. Less tried is an approach involving direct PERK activation without compromising long-term recovery of eIF2α function by dephosphorylation. Here we show major improvement in cellular (STHdhQ111/111) and mouse (R6/2) Huntington's disease (HD) models using a potent small molecule PERK activator that we developed, MK-28. MK-28 showed PERK selectivity in vitro on a 391-kinase panel and rescued cells (but not PERK−/− cells) from ER stress-induced apoptosis. Cells were also rescued by the commercial PERK activator CCT020312 but MK-28 was significantly more potent. Computational docking suggested MK-28 interaction with the PERK activation loop. MK-28 exhibited remarkable pharmacokinetic properties and high BBB penetration in mice. Transient subcutaneous delivery of MK-28 significantly improved motor and executive functions and delayed death onset in R6/2 mice, showing no toxicity. Therefore, PERK activation can treat a most aggressive HD model, suggesting a possible approach for HD therapy and worth exploring for other neurodegenerative disorders.
From graphene oxide towards aminated graphene: facile synthesis, its structure and electronic properties
Authors: Rabchinskii Maxim K. , Ryzhkov Sergei A. , Kirilenko Demid A. , Ulin Nikolay V. , Baidakova Marina V. , Shnitov Vladimir V. , Pavlov Sergei I. , Chumakov Ratibor G. , Stolyarova Dina Yu. , Besedina Nadezhda A. , Shvidchenko Aleksandr V. , Potorochin Dmitrii V. , Roth Friedrich , Smirnov Dmitry A. , Gudkov Maksim V. , Brzhezinskaya Maria , Lebedev Oleg I. , Melnikov Valery P. , Brunkov Pavel N.
Published: April 2020

In this paper we present a facile method for the synthesis of aminated graphene derivative through simultaneous reduction and amination of graphene oxide via two-step liquid phase treatment with hydrobromic acid and ammonia solution in mild conditions. The amination degree of the obtained aminated reduced graphene oxide is of about 4 at.%, whereas C/O ratio is up to 8.8 as determined by means of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The chemical reactivity of the introduced amine groups is further verified by successful test covalent bonding of the obtained aminated graphene with 3-Chlorobenzoyl chloride. The morphological features and electronic properties, namely conductivity, valence band structure and work function are studied as well, illustrating the influence of amine groups on graphene structure and physical properties. Particularly, the increase of the electrical conductivity, reduction of the work function value and tendency to form wrinkled and corrugated graphene layers are observed in the aminated graphene derivative compared to the pristine reduced graphene oxide. As obtained aminated graphene could be used for photovoltaic, biosensing and catalysis application as well as a starting material for further chemical modifications.
Exogenous melatonin improves glutathione content, redox state and increases essential oil production in two Salvia species under drought stress
Authors: Bidabadi Siamak Shirani , VanderWeide Joshua , Sabbatini Paolo
Published: April 2020

This research was conducted to understand the influence of foliar applied melatonin (0, 50, 100, 150 and 200 μM) on two Salvia species (Salvia nemorosa L., and Salvia reuterana Boiss) under conditions of water stress. Water stress was applied using a reduced irrigation strategy based on re-watering at 80%, 60% and 40% of the field capacity (FC). Increasing water stress, while significantly enhancing malondialdehyde (MDA), H2O2, electrolyte leakage, oxidized glutathione (GSSG), and total glutathione (GT), reduced glutathione (GSH), catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione reductase (GR) activities, which led to a marked reduction in fluorescence (Fv/Fm). Foliar application of melatonin alleviated the oxidative stress by increasing GT, CAT, POD, SOD and GR activities and reducing GSSG. In particular, melatonin heightened GSH content as well as the ratio of GSH/GSSG when compared to non-sprayed water stressed plants. Melatonin-treated plants had significantly lower SOD and POD activities than control plants under drought stress, while the CAT activity was enhanced with the foliar treatment. Essential oil yield of both Salvia species increased with the decrease in irrigation from 80% to 60% FC but diminished with the more severe water deficit (40% FC). Essential oil components of Salvia nemorosa were β- caryophyllene, germacrene- B, spathulenol, and cis- β- farnesene, while (E) - β- ocimene, α- gurjnnene, germacrene-D, hexyl acetate and aromadendrene was the major constituents of Salvia reuterana. When plants were subjected to water deficit, melatonin treatment increased the concentration and composition of the essential oil. In particular, melatonin treatments improved the primary oil components in both species when compared to non-melatonin treated plants. In conclusion, reduced irrigation regimes as well as melatonin treatments resulted in a significant improvement of essential oil production and composition in both Salvia species.
Author Correction: Transparency and stability of low density stellar plasma related to Boltzmann statistics and to thermal bremsstrahlung
Authors: Ben-Aryeh Y.
Published: April 2020

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
Uptake of osteoblast-derived extracellular vesicles promotes the differentiation of osteoclasts in the zebrafish scale
Authors: Kobayashi-Sun Jingjing , Yamamori Shiori , Kondo Mao , Kuroda Junpei , Ikegame Mika , Suzuki Nobuo , Kitamura Kei-ichiro , Hattori Atsuhiko , Yamaguchi Masaaki , Kobayashi Isao
Published: April 2020

Differentiation of osteoclasts (OCs) from hematopoietic cells requires cellular interaction with osteoblasts (OBs). Due to the difficulty of live-imaging in the bone, however, the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying intercellular communication involved in OC differentiation are still elusive. Here, we develop a fracture healing model using the scale of trap:GFP; osterix:mCherry transgenic zebrafish to visualize the interaction between OCs and OBs. Transplantation assays followed by flow cytometric analysis reveal that most trap:GFPhigh OCs in the fractured scale are detected in the osterix:mCherry+ fraction because of uptake of OB-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs). In vivo live-imaging shows that immature OCs actively interact with osterix:mCherry+ OBs and engulf EVs prior to convergence at the fracture site. In vitro cell culture assays show that OB-derived EVs promote OC differentiation via Rankl signaling. Collectively, these data suggest that EV-mediated intercellular communication with OBs plays an important role in the differentiation of OCs in bone tissue.
Evolution of high-frequency Raman modes and their doping dependence in twisted bilayer MoS2
Authors: Debnath Rahul , Maity Indrajit , Biswas Rabindra , Raghunathan Varun , Jain Manish , Ghosh Arindam
Published: April 2020

Here, we demonstrate the systematic evolution of the interlayer coupling and electron-phonon coupling strength with twist angle in bilayer MoS2 using a combination of Raman spectroscopy and a combination of classical and first-principles based simulations.
Light-responsive nanozymes for biosensing
Authors: Liu Yufeng , Wang Xiaoyu , Wei Hui
Published: April 2020

Using light as an external stimulus plays a key role not only in modulating activities of nanozymes, but also in constructing efficient biosensing systems.
Correction: An eximious and affordable GSH stimulus-responsive poly(α-lipoic acid) nanocarrier bonding combretastatin A4 for tumor therapy
Authors: Liu Zhilin , Shen Na , Tang Zhaohui , Zhang Dawei , Ma Lili , Yang Chenguang , Chen Xuesi
Published: April 2020

Correction for ‘An eximious and affordable GSH stimulus-responsive poly(α-lipoic acid) nanocarrier bonding combretastatin A4 for tumor therapy’ by Zhilin Liu et al., Biomater. Sci., 2019, 7, 2803–2811.
Benzeneselenol-modified gold nanoclusters for cancer therapy
Authors: Wang Le , Zheng Wenfu , Jiang Xingyu
Published: April 2020

We report that benzeneselenol-modified gold nanoclusters (Se_Au NCs) can induce autophagy and interfere with actin expressions in cancer cells.
Active stereo-control of the Cl + CH4(ν3 = 1) reaction: a three-dimensional perspective
Authors: Pan Huilin , Liu Kopin
Published: April 2020

Reactivity dependency on the collisional geometry in a reaction with a spherical-top reactant.
Peroxymonosulfate (PMS) activation on cobalt-doped TiO2 nanotubes: degradation of organics under dark and solar light irradiation conditions
Authors: Lim Jonghun , Hoffmann Michael R.
Published: April 2020

The Co-TNT/PMS system enables the continuous degradation of organic pollutants under dark and solar light-irradiation conditions.
Retraction: Influence of aqueous sulfide on speciation of U(vi) adsorbed to nanomagnetite
Authors: Sun Yubing , Lan Jianhui , Li Mengxue , Hu Wei , Liu Haibo , Song Gang , Chen Diyun , Shi Weiqun , Wang Xiangke
Published: April 2020

Retraction of ‘Influence of aqueous sulfide on speciation of U(vi) adsorbed to nanomagnetite’ by Yubing Sun et al., Environ. Sci.: Nano, 2018, 5, 1981–1989.
Effects of polysaccharides from wild morels on immune response and gut microbiota composition in non-treated and cyclophosphamide-treated mice
Authors: Huo Wenyan , Feng Zhengping , Hu Suying , Cui Langjun , Qiao Ting , Dai Lu , Qi Peng , Zhang Liguang , Liu Yu , Li Junzhi
Published: April 2020

Polysaccharides from wild morels alter gut microbiota, increase the production of SCFAs and promote the proliferation of lymphocytes in mice.
Astaxanthin attenuates d-galactose-induced brain aging in rats by ameliorating oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and regulating metabolic markers
Authors: Liu Han , Zhang Xuguang , Xiao Jie , Song Mingyue , Cao Yong , Xiao Hang , Liu Xiaojuan
Published: April 2020

Astaxanthin (AX) is a red-colored xanthophyll carotenoid with potent antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective properties.
MOFs come up to scratch: an environmentally benign route to oxidative [4 + 2] cycloaddition on maleimides solelyviaMOFs in water
Authors: Abbasnia Masoumeh , Sheykhan Mehdi , Bahmani Mona , Taghizadeh Parvaneh
Published: April 2020

The first Diels–Alder reaction of vinyl arenes with ene systems catalyzed by MOFs is reported.
Crystallographic phase changes and damage thresholds of CsPbI3 microwire waveguides through continuous wave photoablation
Authors: Russell Kieran O. , Osborne Mark A. , Fisher Aidan A. E.
Published: April 2020

We investigate waveguide efficiency of CsPbI3 microwire waveguides and their photodegradation over a range of continuous wave laser excitation energies and intensities.
Synthesis and 18F-radiolabeling of thymidine AMBF3 conjugates
Authors: Wong Antonio A. W. L. , Lozada Jerome , Lepage Mathieu L. , Zhang Chengcheng , Merkens Helen , Zeisler Jutta , Lin Kuo-Shyan , Bénard François , Perrin David M.
Published: April 2020

One step radiofluorination of two thymidine bioconjugates for positron emission tomography (PET) imaging; proof concept with clinical-grade 18F-labeling and preliminary mouse images.
Bio-fabricated ZnO nanoparticles: direct sunlight-driven selective photodegradation, antibacterial activity, and thermoluminescence-emission characteristics
Authors: Prasad Anupama R. , M. Anagha , K. O. Shamsheera , Joseph Abraham
Published: April 2020

Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles were prepared via a Gliricidia sepium leaf extract-assisted green synthetic route. Near-spherical and elongated nanoparticles were obtained according to morphology analysis.
Whispering gallery mode emission from dye-doped polymer fiber cross-sections fabricated by near-field electrospinning
Authors: Cheeney Joseph E. , Hsieh Stephen T. , Myung Nosang V. , Haberer Elaine D.
Published: April 2020

Near-field electrospun polymer microfibers were utilized to support whispering gallery mode resonances. The fibers were utilized for water–ethanol sensing.
Double Fano resonances in hybrid disk/rod artificial plasmonic molecules based on dipole-quadrupole coupling
Authors: Chen Zhiquan , Zhang Shi , Chen Yiqin , Liu Yanjun , Li Ping , Wang Zhaolong , Zhu Xupeng , Bi Kaixi , Duan Huigao
Published: April 2020

Double Fano resonances can be aroused in a simple disk and rods coupled artificial plasmonic molecule. Two Fano peaks can be independently tuned by changing one rod length or the gap distances between rods and disk.
Template-assisted loading of Fe3O4 nanoparticles inside hollow carbon “rooms” to achieve high volumetric lithium storage
Authors: Cui Yongpeng , Feng Wenting , Liu Wei , Li Jiajia , Zhang Yuan , Du Yongxu , Li Mingzhu , Huang Wei , Wang Huanlei , Liu Shuang
Published: April 2020

A high compacted density HCR@Fe3O4 electrode was prepared with the assistance of Na2CO3 crystal-templates to achieve high volumetric lithium storage.
Ni/Co bimetallic organic framework nanosheet assemblies for high-performance electrochemical energy storage
Authors: Chi Yao , Yang Wenping , Xing Yichen , Li Yan , Pang Huan , Xu Qiang
Published: April 2020

Multilayer NiCo-MOF nanosheet assemblies hold great potential as an electrode material for EES equipment. A facile one-pot synthesis procedure, high capacity and stable performance are prominent features of multilayer NiCo-MOF materials.
Anodic hydrazine electrooxidation boosted overall water electrolysis by bifunctional porous nickel phosphide nanotubes on nickel foam
Authors: Wang Tian-Jiao , Xu Guang-Rui , Sun Hui-Ying , Huang Hao , Li Fu-Min , Chen Pei , Chen Yu
Published: April 2020

Porous Ni2P nanotubes on nickel foam are synthesized as bifunctional electrocatalysts for hydrazine electrooxidation boosted overall water electrolysis.
Can AFM be used to measure absolute values of Young's modulus of nanocomposite materials down to the nanoscale?
Authors: Liu Yuke , Sokolov Igor , Dokukin Maxim E. , Xiong Yongqiang , Peng Ping'an
Published: April 2020

Two AFM-based methods, PeakForce QNM and Force-Volume, are described to extract absolute values of effective Young’s modulus of a nanocomposite material down to the nanoscale. It was verified by the nanoindenter technique and cross-validation.
Excitation wavelength dependent emission of silver(i) complexes with a pyrimidine ligand
Authors: Shekhovtsov Nikita A. , Vinogradova Katerina A. , Berezin Alexei S. , Sukhikh Taisiya S. , Krivopalov Viktor P. , Nikolaenkova Elena B. , Bushuev Mark B.
Published: April 2020

Interplay of three emission mechanisms for silver(i) complexes leads to luminescence thermochromism and color tunable emission.
Radiation-induced curcumin release from curcumin–chitosan polymer films
Authors: Chauhan Rajat , Kinney Kelsey , Akalkotkar Archana , Nunn Betty M. , Keynton Robert S. , Soucy Patricia A. , O'Toole Martin G.
Published: April 2020

The probability of human exposure to damaging radiation is increased in activities associated with long-term space flight, medical radiation therapies, and responses to nuclear accidents.
A high-throughput synthesis of large-sized single-crystal hexagonal boron nitride on a Cu–Ni gradient enclosure
Authors: Zhu Tianyu , Liang Yao , Zhang Chitengfei , Wang Zegao , Dong Mingdong , Wang Chuanbin , Yang Meijun , Goto Takashi , Tu Rong , Zhang Song
Published: April 2020

Large monolayer two-dimensional h-BN can be employed in novel electronic devices because of its thin insulation, excellent thermal stability, and high mechanical strength.
Stereoselective polymerization of methyl methacrylate and rac-lactide mediated by iminomethylpyridine based Cu(ii) complexes
Authors: Lee Jaegyeong , Yoon Minyoung , Lee Hyosun , Nayab Saira
Published: April 2020

Iminomethylpyridine based copper(ii) complexes [LnCuCl2] (Ln = LA, LC–LF) and [LBCu(μ-Cl)Cl]2 have been synthesized and characterized.
Ultra-low level detection of hepatocellular carcinoma global methylation using a AuNP modified carbon fiber microelectrode
Authors: Huang Bobo , Zhang Bin , Liang Bo , Fang Lu , Ye Xuesong
Published: April 2020

Using a AuNP modified carbon fiber microelectrode to detect hepatocellular carcinoma global methylation with an ultra-low concentration of DNA samples.
Simulated spatial radiation impacts learning and memory ability with alterations of neuromorphology and gut microbiota in mice
Authors: Song Chen , Gao Xin , Song Wei , Zeng Deyong , Shan Shan , Yin Yishu , Li Yongzhi , Baranenko Denis , Lu Weihong
Published: April 2020

Exposure to 60Co-γ ray impacts learning and memory ability as well as the cell morphology and neurotransmitters in hippocampus, even disrupts the bacterial community in colon.
Effects of germination time and kilning temperature on the malting characteristics, biochemical and structural properties of HomChaiya rice
Authors: Lekjing Somwang , Venkatachalam Karthikeyan
Published: April 2020

Effects of germination time (3, 5 and 7 days) and kilning temperature (40, 50 and 60 °C) on the malting characteristics, biochemical properties and structural properties of HomChaiya rice were examined.
The growth of methylammonium lead iodide perovskites by close space vapor transport
Authors: Harding Alexander J. , Kuba Austin G. , McCandless Brian E. , Das Ujjwal K. , Dobson Kevin D. , Ogunnaike Babatunde A. , Shafarman William N.
Published: April 2020

This is the first demonstration of an all-vapor close space vapor transport process to deposit methylammonium lead iodide perovskites.
Free-standing Li+-conductive films based on PEO–PVDF blends
Authors: Ushakova Elena E. , Sergeev Artem V. , Morzhukhin Artem , Napolskiy Filipp S. , Kristavchuk Olga , Chertovich Alexander V. , Yashina Lada V. , Itkis Daniil M.
Published: April 2020

Addition of PVDF to LiTFSI–PEO solid electrolytes enables preparation of free-standing films with the compositions within the so called “crystallinity gap” of LiTFSI–PEO system. Such films possess ionic conductivity of about 0.3 mS cm−1 at 60 °C.
A nontoxic biocompatible nanocomposite comprising black phosphorus with Au–γ-Fe2O3 nanoparticles
Authors: Naskar Atanu , Kim Semi , Kim Kwang-sun
Published: April 2020

Synthesis of the Au–γ-Fe2O3–BP nanocomposite and its activity.
Retraction: Enhanced adsorption of ionizable aromatic compounds on humic acid-coated carbonaceous adsorbents
Authors: Sun Yubing , Chen Changlun , Shao Dadong , Li Jiaxing , Tan Xiaoli , Zhao Guixia , Yang Shubin , Wang Xiangke
Published: April 2020

Retraction of ‘Enhanced adsorption of ionizable aromatic compounds on humic acid-coated carbonaceous adsorbents’ by Yubing Sun et al., RSC Adv., 2012, 2, 10359–10364, DOI: 10.1039/C2RA21713A.
Exploiting the radical reactivity of diazaphosphinanes in hydrodehalogenations and cascade cyclizations
Authors: Zhang Jingjing , Yang Jin-Dong , Cheng Jin-Pei
Published: April 2020

Unprecedented radical reactivity of diazaphosphinanes was explored to implement efficient hydrodehalogenations and cascade cyclizations.
Photosensitizing ruthenium(ii)–dye multilayers: photoinduced charge separation and back electron transfer suppression
Authors: Yoshimura Nobutaka , Kobayashi Atsushi , Genno Wataru , Okubo Takashi , Yoshida Masaki , Kato Masako
Published: April 2020

Photocatalytic H2 evolution activity in iodide aqueous solution was improved by increasing the Ru(ii)–dye layer number on the Pt–TiO2 surface.
Structure reinforced birnessite with an extended potential window for supercapacitors
Authors: Zhao Yang , Fang Qin , Zhu Xiaohui , Xue Liang , Ni Mingzhu , Qiu Ce , Huang Hao , Sun Shuo , Li Shuang , Xia Hui
Published: April 2020

Structure reinforced birnessite via Cr doping exhibits large capacitance, good rate performance, and outstanding cycle life in an extended potential window.
Cell-penetrating peptides: two faces of the same coin
Authors: Pierantoni Giovanna Maria , Paladino Simona
Published: April 2020

Cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) are short peptides able to cross the cellular membranes without any interaction with specific receptors. Thanks to their ability to transport various cargo inside the cells are emerged as powerful therapeutic agents alternative to small molecules. In recent years, numerous preclinical studies provided promising results for the treatment of various human diseases. Several CPP-conjugated compounds are under clinical trials.
Estimation of de‐trapped charge for diagnosis of transformer insulation using short‐duration polarisation current employing detrended fluctuation analysis
Authors: Dutta Saurabh , Mishra Deepak , Baral Arijit , Chakravorti Sivaji
Published: April 2020

Researchers have shown that the value of charge carriers, de‐trapped from the oil–paper interface of power transformer insulation, is useful in carrying out the diagnosis. However, the evaluation of the de‐trapped charge requires the analysis of polarisation–depolarisation currents. Being an off‐line time‐consuming process, the measurement and analysis of polarisation and depolarisation current (PDC) data are not practically advantageous. The study presents a detrended fluctuation analysis‐based technique to estimate the magnitude of normalised de‐trapped charge using the polarisation current measured for a short duration. Using the proposed technique, the requirement of measuring the complete PDC data, for diagnosis purposes, can be eliminated. Further, the technique also eliminates the requirement of depolarisation current which in turn facilitates a reduction in equipment shutdown time. The applicability of the proposed technique is tested on the data obtained from several real‐life power transformers.
Fixed‐time adaptive fuzzy control for uncertain non‐linear systems under event‐triggered strategy
Authors: Yang Yekai , Niu Yugang
Published: April 2020

This study is devoted to the fixed‐time tracking control problem for a class of uncertain strict‐feedback non‐linear system. An event‐triggering mechanism is introduced into the channel from controller to actuator for decreasing the transmission frequency of the control signal. By means of fuzzy logic system to approximate the lumped unknown non‐linearities, an event‐triggered adaptive fuzzy control strategy is developed such that all signals of the resulting closed‐loop system converge to the bounded domain within a fixed‐time, while the tracking error will reach an adjustable residue set. A key feature of the proposed control strategy is that the fixed‐time is independent of the initial states of the controlled system, which is different from some existing works on finite‐time stability. Thus, the similar control performance can be attained for arbitrary bounded initial states in this work. Finally, the proposed fixed‐time control scheme is verified via two simulation examples.
A study of the effect of temperature on the dielectric breakdown and lifetime of polyethylene materials under applied DC voltages at the nanoscale
Authors: Boukhris Imed , Kebaili Imen , El Saeedy Halima Ibrahim , Belgaroui Ezzeddine , Kallel Ali
Published: April 2020

The reported simulation results could be considered as one of the firsts modeling of the effect of temperature on the electrical breakdown phenomenon in polyethylene nanoscale. The breakdown begins with an abrupt increase of the external current density without a subsequent saturation. Our results show that the increase of temperature at a constant applied DC voltage leads to a breakdown and to a decrease of the insulator's lifetime. These outcomes are strongly linked to the injection of free charges into the sample and to the temporal evolution of the conduction current.
Comparison of invertebrate diversity in lake waters and their resting eggs in sediments, as revealed by high-throughput sequencing (HTS)
Authors: Wang Xiaoyan , Wang Qing , Yang Yufeng , Yu Wenbo
Published: April 2020

Aquatic invertebrate diversity reflects water quality and the health of aquatic ecosystems and should be monitored as an essential feature of freshwater ecosystems. The resting eggs of aquatic invertebrates in sediments populate the overlying water. The diversity of invertebrates in waters and their resting eggs in sediments in Baiyangdian Lake, Xiongan, North China, were assessed using high-throughput sequencing (HTS) with a pair of 18S rRNA gene adaptor-linked primers. The total of 99 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) derived from 353,755 invertebrate sequences (mostly zooplankton) were revealed by this study. A total of 50 species in the water samples including 20 rotifers, 11 copepods, 1 cladoceran and 18 other species were sorted out. In the sediment 37 species, including 21 rotifers, 3 copepods, 1 cladoceran and 12 other species, were identified. There were 24 species in common between water and corresponding sediments. Invertebrate OTU richness in water samples was higher than that in sediments (p < 0.01), while there was no significant difference in the Shannon-Wiener index. These results suggest that HTS is a promising alternative for efficient biodiversity assessment and monitoring.
Die Erlanger Universitätspsychiatrie im Nationalsozialismus.
Authors: Braun Birgit
Published: April 2020

Hintergrund Das 200-jährige Jubiläum der Universitätspsychiatrie Erlangen motiviert zu einer kritisch-historischen Analyse der Rolle Friedrich Meggendorfers (1880–1953) als Psychiater im Nationalsozialismus.

Methode Eine jetzige Auswertung bislang unberücksichtigter Quellen ermöglichte es, die Rolle Friedrich Meggendorfers als NS-Hochschulpsychiater differenziert einzuordnen.

Ergebnis Meggendorfers Expertentum in Erbpsychiatrie und forensischer Eugenik könnte der ausschlaggebende Grund gewesen sein für seine Berufung als Ordinarius für Psychiatrie nach Erlangen im Jahr 1934. Am 19.11.1945 wurde Meggendorfer von der Militärregierung seines Amtes enthoben. Obwohl Meggendorfer vonseiten der Spruchkammer am 20.09.1946 als „Mitläufer“ eingestuft wurde, gelang ihm keine Reintegration in den Lehrkörper der Friedrich-Alexander-Universität.

Diskussion Meggendorfer ließ sich – u. a. durch seine Erläuterungen zum Gesetz zur Verhütung erbkranken Nachwuchses – der Freiheit für selbstständiges geistiges Schaffen als Kern des akademischen Selbstverständnisses zumindest partiell berauben.

Schlussfolgerung Der vermehrte Einbezug ethischer Reflexionen in die psychiatrisch / psychosomatische Facharztausbildung kann den „Seelenarzt“ vor Instrumentalisierbarkeit schützen.
Neue Arzneimittel für Kleintiere 2019
Authors: Emmerich Ilka Ute
Published: April 2020

Im Jahr 2019 kamen für Kleintiere 2 neue Wirkstoffe auf den deutschen Tierarzneimittelmarkt: das nicht steroidale, nicht die Cyclooxygenase hemmende Antiphlogistikum Grapiprant (Galliprant®) aus der Piprant-Klasse und das Diagnostikum für Kornealdefekte Fluorescein (Ophtorescein®), ein Xanthenfarbstoff. Ein Wirkstoff erhielt eine Tierartenerweiterung. So wurde das Antidiabetikum Protamin-Zink-Insulin humanen Ursprungs (ProZinc®) auch für Hunde zugelassen. Außerdem kamen eine neue Wirkstoffkombination (Fluralaner + Moxidectin), 5 Wirkstoffe (Acepromazin, Chloramphenicol, Dexamethason, Metronidazol, Torasemid) in einer neuen Darreichungsform, ein Wirkstoff (Lidocain) in einer neuen Anwendungsart und ein Wirkstoff (Apomorphin) in einer neuen Primärverpackung mit verlängerter Anbruchstabilität für Kleintiere auf den Markt.
Messung der IgG-Konzentration in Rinderkolostrum mit einem immunturbidimetrischen Schnelltest im Vergleich zum ELISA
Authors: Schneider Florian , Failing Klaus , Wehrend Axel
Published: April 2020

Gegenstand und Ziel Das Ziel der Studie war ein Vergleich der Ergebnisse von 2 Verfahren zur Messung von Immunglobulin G (IgG). Bei den Messmethoden handelte es sich um einen turbidimetrischen Immunassay (TIA), ein neu entwickeltes laborunabhängiges Verfahren zur direkten Immunglobulinbestimmung im Kolostrum, sowie einen Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA).

Material und Methoden In jeweils einer Kolostrumprobe von 59 Kühen wurde die IgG-Konzentration mittels TIA und ELISA gemessen.

Ergebnisse Die Korrelationsanalyse nach Pearson ergab zwischen den beiden Methoden einen Korrelationskoeffizienten von r = 0,74 (p < 0,0001). Die Bland-Altman-Analyse zeigte, dass die Messung mittels TIA im Mittel signifikant niedrigere IgG-Werte erbringt als die Messung mittels ELISA. Dieser Unterschied war bei hohen IgG-Konzentrationen deutlicher ausgeprägt. Mithilfe einer doppelt logarithmierten Datentransformation wurde errechnet, dass der mittels TIA gemessene IgG-Wert durchschnittlich 66,4 % von dem mittels ELISA gemessenen IgG-Wert beträgt. Zwar konnte Kolostrum mit niedriger IgG-Konzentration sicher detektiert werden (Sensitivität 100 %), doch wurde Kolostrum guter Qualität bei der IgG-Messung mittels TIA nur unzureichend erkannt (Spezifität 40,4 %).

Schlussfolgerung und klinische Relevanz Aufgrund der Ergebnisse kann die IgG-Messung mittels TIA nicht empfohlen werden, da sie im Vergleich mit der ELISA-Messung keine höhere Korrelation als etablierte indirekte Schnellmethoden (Dichtemessung und Viskositätsbeurteilung) aufweist.
Sporttauglichkeitsuntersuchung mit höhen- und tauchmedizinischen Aspekten
Authors: Dehnert Christoph
Published: April 2020

Eine Sporttauglichkeitsuntersuchung zur Identifikation von Krankheiten oder Risikofaktoren, die sich durch Sport verschlechtern oder dauerhafte Schäden bzw. einen plötzlichen Herztod verursachen können, ist bei allen sporttreibenden Personen sinnvoll. Basis ist eine sportspezifische Anamnese und Untersuchung sowie die Durchführung eines Ruhe-EKGs mit Auswertung nach standardisierten Kriterien. Bei Leistungssportlern und in höherem Alter sowie beim Vorliegen von Risikofaktoren sollte zusätzlich ein Belastungs-EKG durchgeführt werden. Bei Tauchern steht die Lunge im Fokus, da sie großen physikalischen Belastungen ausgesetzt ist – eine Lungenfunktionsprüfung ist daher obligat. Im Allgemeinen steht bei Bergsteigern und Tauchern die Feststellung eines guten Gesundheitszustandes im Mittelpunkt. Ein Belastungs-EKG kann dabei sinnvoll sein, denn diese Sportarten erfordern häufig ein Mindestmaß an körperlicher Leistungsfähigkeit. Zudem sollten die sportartspezifischen Risiken bekannt sein.
Suspected bilateral adrenal gland tumour causing primary Addison’s disease in a dog
Authors: Proksch Anna-Lena , Brühschwein Andreas , Hartmann Katrin , Wehner Astrid
Published: April 2020

A 13-year old miniature poodle presented with a 3-day episode of vomiting, anorexia, and lethargy. Lack of micturition had been noted for 2 days. Clinical examination indicated dehydration and a tense, painful abdomen. Laboratory parameters (severe azotaemia, hyperkalaemia, severe hyponatraemia, hypochloraemia, and hyperphosphataemia with glucosuria and proteinuria) were consistent with anuric acute kidney injury (AKI). Abdominal ultrasound revealed bilateral adrenal masses. ACTH stimulation test was diagnostic for Addison’s disease. Computed tomography confirmed bilateral adrenal masses and indicated multifocal liver nodules. Additionally, infiltration of the caudal vena cava with partial luminal occlusion was demonstrated. Surgical removal of the adrenal masses with venous plasty intervention and stenting of the vessels deemed unrewarding in this patient in respect to progressed tumour growth with assumed metastatic spread. The dog was treated for Addison’s disease and discharged with good overall condition. Eight weeks later, the dog was euthanized due to progressive caudal vena cava occlusion. Whilst hypoadrenocoticism typically affects young to middle aged dogs, in old dogs primary Addison’s disease might be caused by neoplastic bilateral adrenal gland destruction. This is the first case report of hypovolaemia leading to AKI secondary to bilateral adrenal masses causing Addison’s disease in a dog.
Das Sportler-EKG
Authors: Burgstahler Christof , Scharhag Jürgen
Published: April 2020

Regelmäßige sportliche Aktivität führt zu funktionellen und auch strukturellen Anpassungen des Herz-Kreislauf-Systems, die sich in Veränderungen des Ruhe-EKGs widerspiegeln können. Im Rahmen einer sportmedizinischen Untersuchung wird die Durchführung eines Ruhe-EKGs zur Detektion potenziell lebensbedrohlicher kardialer Grunderkrankungen als obligate Untersuchung gefordert. Für die korrekte Interpretation des Sportler-EKGs ist es wichtig, zwischen typischen sportbedingten EKG-Veränderungen und atypischen oder ungewöhnlichen EKG-Veränderungen unterscheiden zu können, um einerseits unnötige weiterführende Diagnostik zu vermeiden, andererseits kardiale Grunderkrankungen zu erkennen. Eine Zwischenstellung haben hierbei Grenzbefunde („borderline“), die nur beim Auftreten von mindestens 2 Befunden dieser Kategorie bei Sporttreibenden weiter abgeklärt werden müssen. Diese Kurzübersicht fasst die wichtigsten Aussagen der 2017 publizierten „Internationalen Empfehlungen zur
EKG-Interpretation bei Sportlern“ zusammen und geht auf Fallstricke in der praktischen Arbeit ein.
Operative Behandlung von Lungenmetastasen beim Nierenzellkarzinom
Authors: Gilbert Nils
Published: April 2020

Etwa 20 – 30 % der Patienten mit Nierenzellkarzinom leiden unter einer synchronen Metastasierung und weitere 20 – 30 % entwickeln metachrone Metastasen nach initialer Therapie. Die Therapie des metastasierten Nierenzellkarzinoms bleibt aufgrund der Implementierung von neuen systemischen Therapieoptionen sowie der Re-Evaluation bewährter Therapiekonzepte eine Herausforderung. Zudem besteht die Möglichkeit, Metastasen chirurgisch zu behandeln. Als Hauptmanifestationsort von Metastasen des Nierenzellkarzinoms kommt der Lunge hierbei eine besondere Rolle zu.

Die pulmonale Metastasektomie stellt ein etabliertes Therapiekonzept dar und ist als sicherer Eingriff anzusehen. Es existieren lediglich retrospektive Daten, die Hinweise auf die Sinnhaftigkeit der chirurgischen Therapie geben können. Hier scheint eine komplette Resektion eine günstige Prognose auf das Überleben der Patienten zu haben. Am ehesten können Patienten mit solitären Metastasen, ohne begleitende Lymphknotenmetastasen und einem langen krankheitsfreien Intervall nach initialer Tumorentfernung, profitieren. Auch erneute Metastasektomien bei weiteren Rezidiven sind möglich. Hier erscheinen Aussagen über den wirklichen Benefit zumindest anhand der Datenlage sehr schwierig und erfordern wie auch bei der primären Metastasektomie eine interdisziplinäre Therapieplanung und individuelle Therapieentscheide.
Evaluation of Anti-inflammatory, Anti-pyretic, Analgesic, and
Hepatoprotective Properties of Terminalia macroptera
Authors: Haïdara Mahamane , Dénou Adama , Haddad Mohamed , Camara Aïssata , Traoré Korotoumou , Aubouy Agnès , Bourdy Geneviève , Sanogo Rokia
Published: April 2020

In Mali, improved traditional medicines [“Médicaments
Traditionnels Améliorés”] are prepared from
traditionally used medicinal plants. Recently, the Department of Traditional
Medicine has identified Terminalia macroptera Guill. & Perr.
(Combretaceae) as a potential candidate for an improved traditional
medicine. T. macroptera is a West African medicinal plant used in
Mali against various health disorders, with more than 30 different
indications mentioned by traditional healers, including hepatitis,
gonorrhea, fever, pain relief, and various infectious diseases
(Helicobacter pylori-associated diseases). To date, validation of
most of the biological activities of has been mainly carried out in
vitro, except for antimalarial activities. In this study, the
potential anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, analgesic, and hepatoprotective
properties of T. macroptera were investigated in different murine
models. Administration of T. macroptera ethanolic root and leaf
extracts in rats significantly reduced pyrexia, pain, inflammation, and
hepatic marker enzymes such as alanine aminotransferase, aspartate
aminotransferase, and alkaline phosphatase in the different murine models
used (p<0.05). A phytochemical screening of T. macroptera
revealed the presence of tannins, flavonoids, saponins, anthracene
derivatives, sterols, triterpenes, and sugars in both leaf and root extracts
as the main phytochemical compounds. This was confirmed by qualitative
analysis, liquid chromatography coupled with high-resolution mass
spectrometry. T. macroptera extracts demonstrated interesting in
vivo antipyretic, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and hepatoprotective
activities. Therefore, T. macroptera should be proposed and further
evaluated as a potential improved traditional medicine for the treatment of
liver-related disorders and for the relief of pain and fever.
Prevalence of Barrett’s esophagus in obese patients undergoing pre-bariatric surgery evaluation: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Qumseya Bashar , Gendy Sherif , Wallace Alexander , Yang Dennis , Estores Davis , Ayzengart Alexander , Draganov Peter V.
Published: April 2020

Introduction Obesity is a known risk factor for gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), Barrett’s esophagus (BE), and esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC). Obese patients routinely undergo preoperative esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) before bariatric procedures. We aimed to assess the prevalence of BE in this patient population.

Methods We conducted a comprehensive literature search ending in March 2019. Search results were imported into covidence.org and screened by two independent reviewers. Heterogeneity was assessed using I
2 and Q statistics and publication bias using funnel plots and the Orwin fail-safe test. Random-effects modeling was used in all analyses.

Results Of 4087 citations, 77 were reviewed in full text and 29 were included in the final analysis based on our predetermined inclusion/exclusion criteria. A total of 13 434 patients underwent pre-bariatric surgery EGD. The pooled prevalence of BE using random-effects modeling was 0.9 % (95 % confidence interval [CI] 0.7 % – 1.3 %); P < 0.001; I
2 = 58 %, Q = 67). In meta-regression analyses, controlling for sex and GERD, we found a positive association between mean body mass index (BMI) and the prevalence of BE (β = 0.15 [95 %CI 0.02 – 0.28]; P = 0.03). A linear relationship between the prevalence of BE and the prevalence of GERD was also noted (β = 3.9 [95 %CI 0.4 – 7.5]; P = 0.03).

Conclusions Obesity has been postulated as a major risk factor for BE, yet we found that the prevalence of BE in morbidly obese patients undergoing preoperative EGD was very low. Therefore, obesity alone may not be a major risk factor for BE.