bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PROFIL KETERAMPILAN LITERASI DIGITAL PESERTA DIDIK DALAM PEMBELAJARAN IPA
Authors: FIRDAUS FIRDA MAULIDA , WAHIDIN WAHIDIN , RAMDANI DANI , HERNAWATI DIANA , BADRIAH LIAH
Published: January 2025

This study aims to evaluate the digital literacy skills of students in science learning at SMP Islamiyah Ciawi, using the digital literacy indicators proposed by Gilster (1997). The method used is descriptive, with a population of 198 students and a sample of 122 students. Data were collected through a questionnaire with 35 statements related to four indicators: information search ability, navigation in hypertext networks, content evaluation, and the ability to organize and integrate knowledge. The results show that students' digital literacy skills are at a moderate level, with an average score of 40.9%. The findings indicate that students' digital literacy skills in science learning need improvement. Enhancing digital literacy skills is essential to ensure that students can not only access information easily but also critically analyze and use that information effectively in the learning process. Therefore, technology-based learning should be optimized in science education to strengthen critical thinking and digital literacy skills. One approach is to apply innovative teaching strategies, such as the use of interactive media and project-based learning. By integrating technology into the learning process, it is crucial to prepare students for the challenges of the rapidly evolving digital world.
ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi keterampilan literasi digital peserta didik dalam pembelajaran IPA di SMP Islamiyah Ciawi, dengan menggunakan indikator literasi digital yang dikemukakan oleh Gilster (1997). Metode yang digunakan adalah deskriptif dengan populasi sebanyak 198 peserta didik, dan sampel peserta yang berjumlah 122 peserta didik. Data diperoleh melalui angket dengan 35 pernyataan terkait empat indikator, yaitu kemampuan pencarian informasi, navigasi pada jringan hiperteks, evaluasi konten, dan kemampuan menyusun serta mengintegrasikan pengetahuan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa keterampilan literasi peserta didik berada pada kategori cukup, dengan skor rata-rata 40,9%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa keterampilan literasi digital peserta didik dalam pembelajaran IPA masih perlu ditingkatkan. Peningkatan keterampilan literasi digital sangat penting dalam dilakukan agar peserta didik tidak hanya mampu mengakses informasi dengan mudah, tetapi mampu memilah, menganalisis, dan menggunakan informasi tersebut dengan baik dalam proses pembelajaran. Untuk itu, pembelajaran berbasis teknologi perlu lebih dioptimalkan dalam proses pembelajaran IPA di sekolah agar dapat memperkuat keterampilan berpikir kritis dan keterampilan literasi digital peserta didik. Salah satunya dengan menerapkan strategi pembelajaran yang inovatif, seperti penggunaan media interaktif dan pendekatan berbasis proyek. Dengan demikian, mengintegrasikan teknologi dalam proses pembelajaran sangat penting untuk mempersiapkan peserta didik menghadapi tantangan dunia digital yang terus berkembang.
PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN PROBLEM BASED LEARNING DENGAN PENDEKATAN TEACHING AT THE RIGHT LEVEL UNTUK MENINGKATKAN LITERASI SAINS PESERTA DIDIK KELAS X PADA MATERI ENERGI TERBARUKAN
Authors: DEVITASARI MARIA INKA , ELIZABETH AGUSTINA , AGUNG BERTOLOMEUS HARYANTO , KITA YULITA IKA
Published: January 2025

Science literacy is the ability to use scientific information, identify questions, draw conclusions based on scientific knowledge, and make decisions related to nature, as well as human interactions with nature. Science literacy competencies include explaining phenomena scientifically, designing and evaluating scientific investigations, interpreting data and evidence scientifically. This study aims to improve science literacy skills through the application of problem-based learning models with a teaching at the right level approach on renewable energy material. The method used in this research is a qualitative research method that adopts a pre-experimental approach. The population and sample were class X students totaling 48 students. The instrument used in the study was an instrument in the form of an essay question test of science literacy skills in the form of a pre-test and post-test of 5 items.  The results showed that students were able to work on test questions given in each competency with a very high category with an average percentage of 84% with an average percentage of each competency, namely explaining phenomena scientifically 84%, designing and evaluating scientific investigations 78%, interpreting data and evidence scientifically 100%.
ABSTRAKKemampuan literasi sains merupakan kemampuan menggunakan informasi ilmiah, mengidentifikasi pertanyaan, menarik kesimpulan berdasarkan pengetahuan ilmiah, dan membuat keputusan berkaitan dengan alam, serta interaksi manusia dengan alam. Kompetensi literasi sains meliputi menjelaskan fenomena secara ilmiah, merancang dan mengevaluasi penyelidikan ilmiah, menafsirkan data dan bukti secara ilmiah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan literasi sains melalui penerapan model pembelajaran problem based learning dengan pendekatan teaching at the right level pada materi energi terbarukan. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah metode penelitian kualitatif yang mengadopsi pendekatan pre-eksperimental. Populasi dan sampel adalah peserta didik kelas X yang berjumlah 48 peserta didik. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian adalah instrumen berupa  soal  essay tes kemampuan literasi sains berupa pre test dan post test sebanyak 5 butir soal.  Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa peserta didik mampu mengerjakan soal tes yang diberikan pada setiap kompetensi dengan kategori sangat tinggi rata-rata presentase sebesar 84% dengan rata-rata presentase setiap kompetensi yakni menjelaskan fenomena secara ilmiah 84% , merancang dan mengevaluasi penyelidikan ilmiah 78%, menafsirkan data dan bukti secara ilmiah 100%.
ANALISIS KEMAMPUAN PEMAHAMAN MATERI STATISTIKA DALAM PEMBELAJARAN MATEMATIKA SISWA SEKOLAH DASAR KELAS VI
Authors: KARTIKA SOFIA NUR , MURSITI ESTHI , MURTIYASA BUDI , SETYANINGSIH NINING
Published: January 2025

This research aims to obtain an overview of students' statistical material abilities in class VI learning at the elementary school level. The research used is qualitative descriptive research. The subjects of this research were all sixth grade elementary school students at MI Muhammadiyah Trangsan Gatak. Data will be collected using observation, interviews and documentation methods. Based on the results of data analysis, it can be seen that the understanding ability of class VI students at MI Muhammadiyah Trangsan in statistics material still needs to be improved. It is said to be low because the majority of students have mastered or not mastered certain sub-materials. It is hoped that the results of this research can be used by various parties who have an interest in the field of education so that they can become a reference for developing better curriculum and teaching methods in mathematics education in elementary schools.
ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh gambaran mengenai kemampuan materi statistika siswa dalam pembelajaran kelas VI tingkat sekolah dasar. Penelitian yang digunakan yaitu dengan menggunakan penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Subjek dari penelitian ini adalah semua siswa kelas VI tigkat sekolah dasar di MI Muhammadiyah Trangsan Gatak. Data akan dikumpulkan dengan metode observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data dapat diperoleh bahwa kemampuan pemahaman siswa kelas VI di MI Muhammadiyah Trangsan pada materi statistika masih perlu ditingkatkan. Dikatakan rendah karena Sebagian besar siswa ada yang menguasai dan tidak menguasai pada sub materi tertentu. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat digunakan oleh berbagai pihak yang memiliki kepentingan dalam bidang pendidikan supaya menjadi acuan bagi pengembangan kurikulum dan metode pengajaran yang lebih baik dalam pendidikan matematika di sekolah dasar.
REVISÃO ACERCA DO DIABETES TIPO 2: UM FOCO NOS AVANÇOS TERAPÊUTICOS
Authors: Cordeiro Emille Xavier , Rodrigues Jamile Carvalho , Godoy Letícia Valentino de , Leonhardt Luana Bretas dos Santos , Moreira Lydia Rodrigues
Published: January 2025

O diabetes tipo 2 é uma doença crônica resultante de uma interação complexa entre herança genética e ambiente, juntamente com outros fatores de risco, como obesidade e estilo de vida sedentário. O diabetes tipo 2 e suas complicações constituem um grande problema de saúde pública mundial, afetando quase todas as populações em países desenvolvidos e em desenvolvimento com altas taxas de morbidade e mortalidade. A prevalência do diabetes tipo 2 tem aumentado exponencialmente, e uma alta taxa de prevalência tem sido observada em países em desenvolvimento e em populações passando por "ocidentalização" ou modernização. Nesse artigo é resumida a  compreensão atual sobre a epidemiologia do diabetes tipo 2, os papéis dos genes, estilo de vida e outros fatores que contribuem para o rápido aumento na incidência do diabetes tipo 2.
PROCESSO JUDICIAL ELETRÔNICO E EXCLUSÃO DIGITAL: DESAFIOS PARA A GARANTIA DO ACESSO À JUSTIÇA
Authors: Nascimento Alaide Custódia Lima , Pedroso Gustavo Homero de Melo , Silva Ielma Adriana de Almeida , Alves Maria do Socorro Wanderley Neves
Published: January 2025

O trabalho aborda os desafios impostos pela exclusão digital no contexto do processo judicial eletrônico no Brasil, implementado pela Lei nº 11.419/2006, que visa modernizar a justiça por meio de maior eficiência, agilidade e acessibilidade. Apesar dos avanços, a exclusão digital compromete o princípio do acesso universal à justiça, afetando especialmente indivíduos sem acesso adequado à tecnologia ou habilidades técnicas necessárias. O estudo tem como objetivo analisar os impactos dessa exclusão no acesso à justiça, destacando a importância de estratégias inclusivas para mitigar desigualdades e assegurar que a digitalização do sistema judiciário seja amplamente acessível. Metodologicamente, utilizou-se uma abordagem dedutiva, com pesquisa exploratória e revisão bibliográfica, permitindo a análise aprofundada dos desafios enfrentados pelos excluídos digitais e as possíveis soluções. Os resultados demonstram que, embora a digitalização tenha gerado benefícios significativos, como maior celeridade e redução de custos, ela também acentuou desigualdades históricas. Populações vulneráveis, sem acesso a dispositivos, internet de qualidade ou capacitação técnica, enfrentam barreiras que limitam seu direito à justiça. Conclui-se que a inclusão digital é fundamental para a efetivação do acesso à justiça e exige investimentos em infraestrutura tecnológica, capacitação da população e a formulação de políticas públicas inclusivas. Somente assim será possível transformar o processo judicial eletrônico em uma ferramenta efetiva e equitativa, garantindo que todos os cidadãos, independentemente de suas condições socioeconômicas, possam usufruir dos benefícios da modernização judicial.
PEER INSTRUCTION: UMA METODOLOGIA QUE PROMOVE A PARTICIPAÇÃO ATIVA DO ALUNO NO PROCESSO DE ENSINO-APRENDIZAGEM
Authors: Sousa Neuzilene Jorge de
Published: January 2025

O presente trabalho traz uma abordagem sobre a importância do uso das metodologias ativas no processo de ensino-aprendizagem, de forma a promover um ambiente de aprendizagem dinâmico, estimulante e centrado no aluno, visto que, as constantes mudanças e evoluções em que a sociedade está imersa, exige cada vez mais pessoas com autonomia e proatividade. Dessa forma, as instituições de ensino também necessitam desenvolver estratégias inovadoras que acompanhe a dinâmica e necessidade da sociedade. Ao adotar o uso das abordagens da metodologia ativa, o professor pode aumentar o engajamento dos alunos, promover uma aprendizagem mais profunda e desenvolver habilidades essenciais para o sucesso profissional atendendo às necessidades da sociedade atual. O objetivo desse Paper, é, portanto, discorrer sobre metodologias ativas, bem como o que é metodologia Peer Instruction, e como utilizar tal metodologia na sala de aula, tanto em aulas presenciais quanto em aulas online. A metodologia Peer Instruction é uma abordagem pedagógica desenvolvida pelo professor Eric Mazur, da Universidade de Harvard na década de 1990, que visa dar ênfase à participação ativa do aluno em sala de aula.
APLICAÇÃO DA ESTATÍSTICA NA REGULAMENTAÇÃO DE CRIMES ENVOLVENDO INTELIGÊNCIA ARTIFICIAL CONTRA HUMANIDADE
Authors: Silva Sarley de Araújo , Souza Diana Cristina Ferreira
Published: January 2025

O texto aborda o uso de métodos estatísticos na regulação de crimes perpetrados por sistemas de inteligência artificial em relação aos seres humanos. A intenção é investigar como essas abordagens podem contribuir para o desenvolvimento de normas que ajudem na identificação, análise e diminuição de infrações relacionadas à tecnologia, assegurando a justiça e a proteção das pessoas afetadas. A pesquisa utiliza uma metodologia mista, combinando análises de dados tanto quantitativos quanto qualitativos. Foram examinados documentos jurídicos e incidentes que envolvem tecnologia de ponta. Técnicas como regressão linear múltipla, séries temporais, carta de controle e testes de hipóteses foram aplicadas para reconhecer padrões de comportamento de tais sistemas em situações que resultaram em danos a indivíduos. Além disso, foram envolvidos especialistas nas áreas de tecnologia, direito e ética para contextualmente enriquecer os dados quantitativos coletados. Os achados indicam que a estatística desempenha um papel crucial na normatização, auxiliando na identificação de comportamentos nocivos recorrentes dos sistemas. Entre os padrões encontrados, destacam-se erros nos algoritmos, preconceitos presentes nas informações e ausência de supervisão humana em momentos críticos. Os métodos estatísticos possibilitam a avaliação da probabilidade de falhas, o impacto potencial de suas operações e as repercussões legais que podem surgir. O uso de técnicas estatísticas oferece uma chance promissora para a elaboração de regulamentos eficazes sobre delitos associados à tecnologia. Ao quantificar riscos e sugerir soluções embasadas em dados, é viável aumentar a transparência, reduzir danos e incentivar um uso ético da tecnologia. Contudo, é fundamental que os dados sejam tratados de acordo com princípios éticos e legais, garantindo que as diretrizes sejam claras e justas para todas as partes interessadas.
TRATAMENTO DE CARDIOPATIAS CONGÊNITAS COM INTERVENÇÃO CIRÚRGICA
Authors: Castro João Vitor Samuel Gonçalves  Mariano de Souza , Silva Lucas Ferreira , Alencar Alyne Maria Figueira de , Vieira Beatriz Silveira , Nunes Erica Botelho
Published: January 2025

Introdução: As cardiopatias congênitas são malformações estruturais do coração presentes desde o nascimento e afetam uma parte significativa da população infantil. Elas podem variar de defeitos simples, que não exigem intervenção, até condições complexas que demandam correções cirúrgicas para melhorar a função cardíaca e a qualidade de vida dos pacientes. A intervenção cirúrgica no tratamento dessas condições tem se mostrado eficaz. Diversas técnicas cirúrgicas foram desenvolvidas ao longo dos anos, com avanços significativos na precisão dos diagnósticos e nas opções terapêuticas. Tais intervenções têm sido acompanhadas por avanços nas tecnologias de imagem, anestesia e cuidados pós-operatórios, otimizando os resultados para esses pacientes. Objetivo: Analisar e sintetizar os principais avanços e desafios no tratamento de cardiopatias congênitas por meio de intervenções cirúrgicas, com foco na eficácia, complicações e prognóstico a longo prazo. Metodologia: A revisão sistemática foi realizada utilizando o checklist PRISMA, com a busca de artigos científicos nas bases de dados PubMed, Scielo e Web of Science. Os descritores utilizados foram “cardiopatias congênitas”, “cirurgia cardíaca”, “tratamento cirúrgico”, “malformações cardíacas” e “intervenção cirúrgica”. Foram considerados artigos publicados nos últimos 10 anos, em língua portuguesa e inglesa. Os critérios de inclusão foram: estudos clínicos sobre intervenção cirúrgica em cardiopatias congênitas, artigos que detalhavam a evolução pós-cirúrgica e estudos com população pediátrica. Foram excluídos estudos com foco em tratamentos não cirúrgicos, artigos de revisão ou meta-análises, e estudos que envolviam cardiopatias adquiridas. Resultados: Os resultados demonstraram que a intervenção cirúrgica tem mostrado resultados positivos em termos de redução das complicações associadas às cardiopatias congênitas. Conclusão: Em conclusão, as intervenções cirúrgicas têm sido fundamentais no tratamento das cardiopatias congênitas, oferecendo uma significativa melhoria na qualidade de vida dos pacientes. No entanto, a evolução das técnicas e o manejo adequado das complicações pós-operatórias continuam sendo áreas críticas para garantir o sucesso a longo prazo, destacando a importância de um acompanhamento contínuo e especializado.
Alma intrépida y natural bayamesa: constructo descolonizador martiano en el siglo XIX
Authors: González Labrada Guillermo Calixto
Published: January 2025

El ensayo constituye un acercamiento a José Martí, Héroe Nacional de Cuba, en su presencia tangible por transformar la intromisión en la cultura y la identidad nacional desde las apetencias imperiales norteamericanas, la pretensión de continuidad eurocéntrica, y las arreciadas desinformaciones asociadas a la era digital, que retan la resiliencia del proceso del conocimiento. La existencia de la alternativa epistémica didáctico-metodológica de la diversidad de conocimientos facilita su ubicación para argumentar en Martí, un temprano pensamiento descolonizador cultural, expreso en la formación de la cultura e identidad nacional y latinoamericana, con eco histórico cultural.  Sus resultados son elocuentes en un creciente flujo de ideas y conceptos en la cultura, la educación y las diferentes facetas de la actividad socioeconómica signados por la ubicación del pensamiento martiano como inspiración y guía de utopías y realizaciones que tienen por protagonista al ser humano. El enarbolar un proceso de descolonización cultural y del conocimiento desde la historia nacional, latinoamericano y universal no es un acto forzado, es el reflejo de una formación autóctona, forjada desde la cultura ancestral con continuidad en las épocas siguientes que revela en este siglo XXI la perseverancia de un pueblo de transitar indetenible, con la seguridad de que el amanecer de 1868 no tendrá anochecer, porque alcanzará limites ignotos. El constructo martiano de tener de Bayamo el alma intrépida y natural, es símbolo cultural, ambiental, de interacciones plurales de la vida y fortaleza para mantener erguidos los ideales fundacionales en la obra que transcurre.
La superación posgraduada para perfeccionar la investigación de crímenes por responsabilidad penal médica en Cuba
Authors: Guardia del Prado Joaquín
Published: January 2025

El artículo argumenta la necesidad de perfeccionar en Cuba la investigación de crímenes donde se evidencie responsabilidad penal médica. Se obtienen resultados al emplear métodos y técnicas, que posibilitaron conocer el devenir histórico del objeto de estudio, analizar los datos y arribar a conclusiones. Permite conocer, la existencia de 103 procesos penales en tramitación, de ellos 99 por delitos de lesiones y 4 por delitos de homicidio, los que se presume pueden corresponderse con un resultado lesivo a consecuencia del nexo causal de la atención brindada al paciente por el personal de salud con el desenlace o resultado final. Identifica las insuficiencias en la investigación de esos hechos, resaltando, la falta de continuidad investigativa y el desconocimiento de cómo realizar una investigación de acuerdo a sus características específicas; por lo que es ineludible capacitar a los encargados de la investigación de esos ilícitos. Se elaboró, para lograr lo anterior y como colofón investigativo, un programa de superación posgraduada, donde en el primer tema se estudian los delitos cometidos por el personal de la salud al atender a un paciente; en el segundo se analizan los elementos a tener en cuenta para solicitar la creación de la comisión evaluadora de responsabilidad penal médica y como último o tercer tema, se muestran los procedimientos a ejecutar según acciones y diligencias de instrucción a ejecutar en las etapas de la investigación criminal; evaluándose los contenidos en un taller final; por lo que de ésta manera se fortalece la política socio-jurídica-penal e investigativa.
Mestizaje, sincretismo y transculturación. Tres categorías para entender la nacionalidad cubana.
Authors: Pérez Leyva Luis Alberto
Published: January 2025

Con el inicio del descubrimiento de América, comenzó un período devastador para las culturas aborígenes de las tierras descubiertas. Sus costumbres sociales y religiosas fueron arrasadas mientras trascurría los inicios del siglo XVI. La extensión de la esclavitud y la explotación africana profundizó aún más el proceso de mestización en Cuba como en otros territorios conquistados por los europeos, lo que conformó de forma violenta una cultura hibrida en muchos aspectos. El mestizaje lleva implícito la transculturación y el sincretismo que a lo interno de la sociedad colonial caracterizó sus estructuras sociales de profundas raíces históricas. La presente investigación plantea como objetivo: valorar los aportes de las categorías mestizaje, sincretismo y transculturación a la conformación de la nacionalidad cubana. La metodología utilizada es la investigación-acción-participación (IAP), la cual permite combinar procesos, el de conocer y el de actuar, implicando en ambos al sujeto de investigación. La (IAP) proporciona un método para examinar la realidad objeto de estudio y permite planificar acciones para transformarla. Es un proceso que combina la teoría y la práctica, favorece el aprendizaje, la toma de conciencia crítica de la realidad, su empoderamiento, su movilización colectiva y su ejercicio transformador. La metodología sigue cuatro fases, a) observación participante, en la que el investigador se involucra en la realidad estudiada, participando en sus procesos, b) la investigación participativa, en la que se diseña la investigación y se eligen sus métodos, basados en el trabajo colectivo, la utilización de elementos de la cultura popular y la recuperación histórica.
La inclusión educativa a partir de los principios de igualdad sustantiva y no discriminación en el programa educativo de Derecho de la Facultad de Estudios Profesionales Zona Huasteca
Authors: Martínez Alvarado Eunice , Garay Gómez Alma Carolina , Martínez Padrón Adriana Dinora
Published: January 2025

Este artículo analiza la educación superior en su aspecto intercultural e inclusivo, ofertada en el programa educativo de licenciatura en Derecho impartido en la Facultad de Estudios Profesionales Zona Huasteca, perteneciente a la Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí. La adecuación de la oferta académica a las necesidades sociales y al avance de la ciencia y el marco jurídico, representa en sí un reto que implica en primer término, una autoevaluación. La aportación de esta investigación es precisamente, generar una reflexión en este periodo inicial, desde una metodología descriptiva, basada en un marco teórico integrado de la normativa mexicana, normativa interna universitaria, la consulta de pedagogos y antropólogos que ofrecen saberes en materia de interculturalidad  e inclusión, además de indicadores que miden la congruencia existente entre la educación formal y lo que pasa durante el proceso de educación hasta la inserción laboral de las y los egresados, finalizando con una serie de interrogantes y propuestas desde la pedagogía y gobernanza interna de la institución educativa.
Advancing N2O flux chamber measurement techniques in nutrient-poor ecosystems
Authors: Triches Nathalie Ylenia , Engel Jan , Bolek Abdullah , Vesala Timo , Marushchak Maija E. , Virkkala Anna-Maria , Heimann Martin , Göckede Mathias
Published: January 2025

Abstract. Nitrous oxide (N2O) is the third most important greenhouse gas, with its atmospheric concentration rising from 273 parts per billion (ppb) to 336 ppb since 1800, primarily due to agricultural activities. However, nutrient-poor natural soils, including those in the sub-Arctic, also emit and consume N2O. These soils have not been studied extensively, partly due to challenges in reliably detecting low fluxes. Methodological limitations were largely influenced by the available instrumentation; the lack of portable gas analysers for N2O with adequate accuracy led researchers to rely on manual air sampling from closed flux chambers, followed by laboratory analysis using gas chromatographs (GC). In this study, we utilized a fast-responding portable gas analyser (PGA; Aeris N2O/CO2) combined with a custom manual chamber system, which includes both transparent (light) and opaque (dark) measurements, to effectively measure low N2O fluxes from a nutrient-poor sub-Arctic peatland. We assessed the analyser's performance under low-flux conditions, evaluated the effects of chamber closure times, and compared linear and non-linear models for quantifying concentration gradients. Additionally, we analyzed flux rates based on high-frequency in situ observations against a method that randomly selects discrete samples from the full time series, simulating a GC-based approach. Our results indicate that the PGA can reliably detect and compute low N2O flux rates, averaging 12.9 ± 28.4 nmol m⁻² h⁻¹ under light conditions and -46.1 ± 38.2 nmol m⁻² h⁻¹ under dark conditions, depending on chamber closure time. The majority of fluxes (88 % for light and 74 % for dark measurements) exceeded the minimum detectable flux (MDF), which was 14.5 ± 1.05 nmol m⁻² h⁻¹ for light and 14.7 ± 1.08 nmol m⁻² h⁻¹ for dark measurements. Our comparison of chamber closure times (3–10 minutes) showed that a 3-minute closure may be inadequate for capturing low N2O fluxes during light measurements, while closure times of 4–10 minutes yield more reliable results. For dark measurements, where N2O uptake peaked with shorter closure times, we recommend a closure time of 3–5 minutes unless data are limited; in such cases, longer times may help capture fluxes above the MDF. In our study, all N2O fluxes were calculated using the non-linear model or corresponded with the linear model when data exhibited a linear distribution. Compared to PGA-based flux calculations, GC simulations underestimated N2O fluxes when using 3–6 samples. Therefore, we conclude that fast-responding analysers may be more suitable for measuring low N2O fluxes, enhancing our understanding of the complex dynamics of N2O emissions.
FjordRPM v1.0: a reduced-physics model for efficient simulation of glacial fjords
Authors: Slater Donald Alexander , Johnstone Eleanor , Mas e Braga Martim , Fraser Neil , Cowton Tom , Inall Mark
Published: January 2025

Abstract. Interactions between ice masses and the ocean are key couplings in the global climate system. In many cases these interactions occur through glacial fjords, which are long, deep, and narrow troughs connecting the open ocean to marine-terminating glaciers. By controlling the fluxes of ocean heat towards the ice sheet and ice sheet freshwater towards the ocean, glacial fjords play an important role in modulating ice sheet mass loss and the impacts of freshwater on ocean circulation. Yet, these dynamics occur at small scales that are challenging to resolve in earth system models and so are they often ignored, represented in an ad-hoc manner, or studied using expensive high-resolution models that are limited in scope. Here, we propose a means of capturing glacial fjord dynamics at negligible computational expense in the form of a "reduced-physics" model (FjordRPM) that resembles a "1.5-dimensional" or box model. We describe the design and physical parameterisations in the model and demonstrate its ability to capture important modes of glacial fjord circulation by comparing it against a general circulation model in idealised and realistic simulations. We suggest that the model is a useful tool for understanding fjord dynamics and a promising approach for representing glacial fjord processes within large-scale models or climate and sea level projection efforts.
Usability and motivational impact of a fast-paced immersive virtual reality lecture on international middle school students in geoscience education
Authors: Zulhilmi Azim , Hayakawa Yuichi S. , Newman Daniel R.
Published: January 2025

Abstract. Immersive Virtual Reality (VR) offers educators an innovative tool to teach geoscience, addressing challenges in conveying the Earth’s 3D characteristics traditionally taught through field visits and experiences that are often inaccessible to many due to socioeconomic, political, and logistical barriers. VR provides an alternative experience, allowing users to virtually explore geological sites beyond physical and situational constraints. Despite its potential, the implementation of geoscience-focused VR lectures remains largely unexplored. As a pioneering case study, this research investigates the usability and motivational impact of VR by developing a fast-paced virtual reality lecture on landslides for middle school students. Approximately 60 students from diverse cultural and educational backgrounds participated. Results revealed that the VR lecture was usable, with key strengths in its ability to engage students and deliver satisfaction. Compared to traditional teaching methods (lecture and hands-on), VR excelled in fostering interest, enjoyment, and perceived choice. This study provides valuable insights into the practical implementation of VR in geoscience education, demonstrating its potential to make geoscience topics more accessible and engaging for diverse student groups. Future research should explore strategies to address usability challenges and enhance the motivational attributes of VR, paving the way for its broader adoption in geoscience educational settings.
Non-negligible impact of Stokes drift and wave-driven Eulerian currents on simulated surface particle dispersal in the Mediterranean Sea
Authors: Rühs Siren , van den Bremer Ton , Clementi Emanuela , Denes Michael C. , Moulin Aimie , van Sebille Erik
Published: January 2025

Abstract. Numerical simulations of marine surface particle dispersal are a crucial tool for addressing many outstanding issues in physical oceanography of societal relevance, such as marine plastic pollution. However, the quality of these Lagrangian simulations depends on the ability of the underlying numerical model to represent prevailing ocean circulation features. Here, we investigate how simulated marine surface particle dispersal changes if the – often omitted or only approximated – impact of wind-generated surface waves on upper-ocean circulation is considered. We use velocity fields from a high-resolution coupled ocean–wave model simulation and a complementary stand-alone ocean model simulation for the Mediterranean Sea to answer the following questions: (1) how does the explicit representation of waves impact simulated surface particle dispersal, and what is the relative impact of Stokes drift and wave-driven Eulerian currents? (2) How accurately can the wave impact be approximated by the commonly applied approach of advecting particles with non-wave-driven Eulerian currents and Stokes drift from stand-alone ocean and wave models? We find that the representation of surface waves tends to increase the simulated mean Lagrangian surface drift speed in winter through the dominant impact of Stokes drift and tends to decrease the mean Lagrangian surface drift speed in summer through the dominant impact of wave-driven Eulerian currents. Furthermore, simulations that approximate the surface wave impact by including Stokes drift (but ignoring wave-driven Eulerian currents) do not necessarily yield better estimates of surface particle dispersal patterns with explicit wave impact representation than simulations that do not include any surface wave impact. Our results imply that – whenever possible – velocity fields from a coupled ocean–wave model should be used for surface particle dispersal simulations.
Circulation of Baffin Bay and Hudson Bay waters on the Labrador shelf and into the subpolar North Atlantic
Authors: Duyck Elodie , Foukal Nicholas P. , Frajka-Williams Eleanor
Published: January 2025

Abstract. In the coming decades increasing amounts of freshwater are predicted to enter the subpolar North Atlantic from Greenland and the Arctic. If this additional freshwater reaches the regions where deep convection occurs, it could potentially dampen ventilation and the formation of deep waters. In this study, we use a surface drifter dataset spanning the period 1990–2023 to investigate the pathways followed by waters originating from Davis Strait and Hudson Strait on the Labrador shelf and into the interior subpolar North Atlantic. Recent drifter deployments in the region allow for an improved understanding of the circulation on the Labrador shelf, in particular its northern part, where prior data were sparse. We show that waters originating from Davis Strait and Hudson Strait remain on the shelf as they flow downstream until they reach the Newfoundland shelf. This confirms that very little exchange takes place between the Labrador shelf and the interior Labrador Sea. Decomposing the Labrador shelf into five regions, we further describe typical pathways for these waters and show that extensive exchanges take place between the coastal and shelf-break branches of the Labrador Current. Our results suggest that if an increasing amount of freshwater reaches the Labrador shelf, it would not directly affect the Labrador Sea convection region; instead, it would lead to the formation of a salinity anomaly off the Grand Banks, which could then circulate around the subpolar North Atlantic.
Ölçme ve değerlendirmede yenilikçi yaklaşımlar: Blokzincir ve MST örneği
Authors: Bulut Gülgün
Published: January 2025

Yeni teknolojiler hayatın akışı içerisinde çoğu alanda olduğu gibi eğitim bilimleri alanında da değişim ve dönüşüme sebep olmaktadır. Bu durum alanda gerek teoride gerekse uygulamada bir takım yenilikçi yaklaşımların ortaya çıkışını gündeme getirmektedir. Eğitim bilimleri alanındaki bu yenilikçi adımların ölçme ve değerlendirme boyutuna yansımaları ise araştırma kapsamında “Blokzincir” ve “Multistage Testing (MST)” sınırlılıklarında ele alınmıştır. Blokzincir teknolojileri ile dünya her ne kadar 2000’li yılların başlangıcı gibi yakın bir geçmişte tanışmış olsa da hızlı bir biçimde teknoloji dilinin önemli bir bileşeni konumuna gelmiş olduğu görülmektedir. Bu durum eğitim bilimleri açısından değerlendirildiğinde; Open University, EDUCAUSE ve Avrupa Birliği Komisyonu raporlarında blokzincir teknolojilerinin ele alınmış olması söz konusu teknolojinin günümüz ve yakın gelecekte kullanımının hızla yaygınlaştığının en belirgin göstergesidir. Diğer taraftan da alanda sıklıkla uygulanan çevrimiçi sınavlarda yaşanan güvenlik problemleri ise bu sınavlarda kullanılabilecek yeni yöntem arayışlarına yol açmaktadır. Bu kapsamda da MST test sunum yönteminin ETS, GRE, PIRLS, TIMMS ve PISA gibi önemli sınavlarda uygulanmasının getirdiği popülerlik ve sağladığı güven ile araştırmacı, sınav uygulayıcı ve karar alıcılar tarafından alternatif yöntem olarak değerlendirilmektedir. Bu temelden yola çıkarak araştırmada, blokzincir teknolojileri ile MST yöntemin ölçme ve değerlendirmede kullanımının alana katkısının değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmaktadır. Sonuç olarak MST kişiye özel yüksek güvenlikli hassas ölçüme olanak sağlarken Blokzincir yapısı ise sınav öncesi ve sonrasındaki tüm verileri güvenli biçimde depolayabilme olanağı sunmaktadır.
NEW HIGH-PRODUCT POTATO VARIETIES RESISTANT TO ABIOTIC FACTORS
Authors: Taktaev B. A. , Furdyga M. M. , Podberezko I. M. , Sidakova O. V.
Published: January 2025

This publication highlights the results of the scientific work of the selection laboratory of the Institute of Potato Breeding of the National Academy of Sciences in 2010‑2021 on the creation of new varieties of potatoes of different groups of ripeness, purpose, high productivity, good taste, resistant to the usual pathotype of cancer and increased resistance to adverse environmental factors.
Breeding material was obtained by the method of sexual hybridization and self-pollination, using varieties and hybrids of multispecies resistant to abiotic factors. It was studied at all stages of the breeding process and the best hybrids were selected, which in 2019‑2021 were submitted to the State Variety Trial under the names: Marfusha, Medea, Melania and Soborna.
These varieties are characterized by a complex of economic and valuable features. The Marfusha variety is characterized by abundant and large tubers, suitable for processing into potato products (chips and French fries), resistance to metro elderberry, mechanical damage and adverse environmental factors. The Medea variety is characterized by a high starch content, good taste, high resistance to cyst-forming potato nematode and a number of bacterial and fungal diseases. A feature of the Melania variety is high productivity, resistance to viral diseases, good laying capacity, high plasticity and resistance to degeneration. The Soborna variety is characterized by high yield and good taste. It is suitable for processing into potato products. It has high resistance to stem nematode and a number of fungal diseases, high plasticity, resistance to mechanical damage and adverse environmental factors.
The Medea variety is included in the State Register of plant varieties suitable for distribution in Ukraine from 2021, and others are undergoing state testing.
All these varieties are characterized by relatively high resistance to drought, the coefficient of drought resistance is in the range of 54.1‑58.1 %.
STATISTICAL PARAMETERS OF ADAPTABILITY FOR THE MAIN ECONOMICALLY VALUABLE TRAITS OF PROMISING POTATO HYBRIDS AND VARIETIES
Authors: Pysarenko N.V. , Sydorchuk V.I. , Timko M.G.
Published: January 2025

The studies to determine the adaptability and its parameters for the main economically valuable traits of varieties in potato hybrids were carried out for four years (2018-2021) in the conditions of selection crop rotation of the breeding laboratory of the Polissia Research Department of the Institute for Potato Research.
The adaptive potential of promising potato hybrids and varieties in terms of productivity, average tuber weight, starch content and consumer qualities was studied. The indicators of average productivity, variability of average yield, homeostaticity, breeding value, genotype effect, resistance to stress, and genetic flexibility were investigated and comparative statistical indicators were analyzed. The variability of correlation dependencies between quantitative traits of productivity elements and qualitative traits of breeding material was determined. Using different methods for calculating the parameters of adaptive potential of promising potato genotypes, the specifics of the realization of the potential of productive and quality traits were revealed.
It was found that the highest value for the studied parameters of adaptive capacity to the average numerical expression of the corresponding ripeness group was shown by potato genotypes on the following characteristics:
 - yield: P.13.22/3, P.10.9-3, Radomysl, Mezhyrichka 11, P.15.5/10, Partner, Z.14.73/9, Bazaliia, P.12.14-8, P.13.42/3, P.15.5/27, P.14.17-14, Z.15.96/4, P.09.26/2, G.11.23/12, P.12.4-3, P.15.36-3;
 – average tuber weight: Tyras, P.14.3/5, P.13.22/3, P.10.9-3, Radomysl, Nahoroda, Z.14.73/9, P.13.42/3, P.15.5/27, G.11.23/12, Lietana, P.09.26/2, Z.15.96/4, P.14.17-14, P.12.4-3 and P.15.36-3;
 – starch content: Tyras, P.10.9-3, P.14.3/5, P.13.48-22, P.15.25/4, Nahoroda, Z.14.49-7, P.14.43-18, P.13.42/3, P.13.52-11, Yavir, Lietana and Oleksandryt;
– consumer qualities: P.13.48-22, Tyras, P.14.3/5, P.14.3-2, Mezhyrichka11, P.15.5/10, Z.14.64-2, Z.14.49-7, P.14.43-18, P.13.52-11, Oleksandryt, G.11.23/12, Yavir, P.15.36-3.
MODERN POTATO MARKET AND ITS PROBLEMS
Authors: Yaroshenko A.L. , Studzinska I.I. , Kaldarash O.P.
Published: January 2025

The article provides a general description of the Ukrainian potato market's current state and its development conditions. The dynamics of the leading indicators of potato production, as well as the factors affecting the formation of its market offer, have been analyzed. The components of the economic mechanism for the formation and functioning of the potato market have been identified and substantiated. An assessment of the relationship between the levels of production, export, and import of potatoes has been given, and negative trends in the development of the potato industry in Ukraine have been determined.
Research objective. To assess the current state of the potato market in Ukraine, its functioning, and the prospect of further development. To determine the main directions and mechanisms for strengthening the effectiveness of market regulation, which would ensure the dynamic development of the potato industry and related industries in the context of economic restructuring and the formation of the potato subcomplex of Ukraine on the basis of a rational combination of market and state regulation mechanisms.
To analyze the economic efficiency of potato production in different types of economic formations.
To identify the main directions for improving the competitiveness of the potato industry and the development of potato market infrastructure. To develop recommendations for improving the solution of problematic issues in the future.
Research methods. Methods of graphical, statistical, comparative, and component analysis have been used to conduct the research.
Research results. The dynamics of the main indicators of potato production, economic efficiency of potato production in different economic formations have been analyzed. The relationship between the levels of production, consumption, export, and import has been evaluated. Based on the analysis of the balance sheet indicators of potato supply and use, the range of problems of market development in Ukraine and ways to overcome them have been identified.
Conclusions. It has been established that in order to overcome the problems of potato market development in Ukraine, it is necessary to solve a number of tasks:
- for the possibility of competition in foreign markets, a reduction in the cost price of potatoes is necessary;
- directing efforts to the cultivation of potatoes of high quality and marketability;
- the need to develop the processing industry to enable profitable exports of processed products;
- application of the European model of seed potato quality control system;
- design of modern potato storage facilities;
- attraction of investments in irrigation, equipment, innovative technologies, and storage facilities.
Pengembangan Modul Mata Kuliah Bahasa Indonesia: Integrasi Kepribadian Sultanah Nahrasiyah
Authors: Diana Novi , Nurasiah Nurasiah , Iqbal Muhammad , Maysura Ira
Published: January 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan modul pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia yang berbasis nilai-nilai kepribadian Sultanah Nahrasiyah, seorang pemimpin perempuan Aceh yang dikenal bijaksana, adil, dan religius. Pengintegrasian nilai-nilai budaya lokal ini diharapkan dapat memperkaya pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia sekaligus memperkuat karakter mahasiswa. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah Research and Development (R&D) dengan model Educational Design Research (EDR). Modul diuji cobakan pada mahasiswa dengan mengukur efektivitasnya melalui pretest dan posttest, serta dievaluasi kelayakannya oleh ahli materi dan media pembelajaran. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa modul ini efektif dalam meningkatkan pemahaman mahasiswa, dengan rata-rata nilai pretest sebesar 55,2 meningkat menjadi 85,4 pada posttest. Selisih rata-rata sebesar 30,2 poin menunjukkan peningkatan yang signifikan secara statistik berdasarkan uji t-paired. Evaluasi kelayakan modul menunjukkan tingkat kelayakan sangat tinggi, dengan aspek materi, desain, media, dan kepraktisan memperoleh nilai di atas 95%. Penelitian ini memberikan kontribusi penting dalam pengembangan bahan ajar berbasis nilai budaya lokal yang relevan dan kontekstual. Modul ini tidak hanya memperkaya wawasan budaya mahasiswa tetapi juga meningkatkan keterlibatan mereka melalui penggunaan media pembelajaran interaktif, seperti flipbook. Namun, penelitian ini memiliki keterbatasan pada cakupan yang terbatas dan belum mengeksplorasi dampak jangka panjang modul. Studi lanjutan disarankan untuk memperluas cakupan dan mengembangkan media pembelajaran berbasis teknologi yang lebih inovatif.
Autoimmune Encephalitis with Hypertension:
A Case Report
Authors: Sujith Kripa , Mounika Jammula , H Sabarinath
Published: January 2025

Autoimmune encephalitis (AIE) is being increasingly recognized as a significant as well as frequent cause of encephalopathy in the pediatric age group. The most common antibody associated with AIE in children is anti-NMDA receptor (NMDA Receptor) antibody. The patients usually present with a subacute onset of behavioral disorder, psychiatric manifestation, encephalopathy or movement disorder (MD).

Keywords: Autoimmune Encephalitis, Anti-N-methyl-D- aspartic acid receptor, Seizures, Movement Disorder, Pediatric.
Optimizing Neural Networks with Convex Hybrid Activations for Improved Gradient Flow
Authors: S. O. Essang, , J. E. Ante, , A. O. Otobi, , S. I. Okeke, , U. D. Akpan, , R. E. Francis, , J. T. Auta, , D. E. Essien, , S. E. Fadugba, , O. M. Kolawole, , E. E. Asanga, , B. I. Ita,
Published: January 2025

This paper introduces a novel hybrid activation function by combining five popular activation functions (Sigmoid, ReLU, Tanh, Leaky ReLU, and ELU) with adjustable coefficients. This integrated approach aims to mitigate the limitations of individual functions, such as vanishing gradients and inactive neurons. Our analysis, including mathematical derivations and simulations, demonstrates that the hybrid function enhances gradient flow in deeper layers, accelerates convergence, and improves generalization compared to individual functions. This work highlights the potential of mixed activation functions to significantly improve the learning dynamics of deep neural networks.
Application of Mind Mapping to Increase Student Creativity in Class IV Science Learning at SDN Pacentan 3
Authors: Faradisa Camila , Karomah Siti Auliyatil , Novitasari Neni
Published: January 2025

This research is motivated by the low creative thinking ability of students in elementary science learning, the learning tends to be boring, and orientation on the ability of teachers who only teach knowledge, not on analytical, synthetic, and creative abilities. Based on this background, this study aims to improve students' creative thinking skills in elementary science learning. The type of research used in this research is Classroom Action Research with the Kemmis and Mc Taggart model which consists of several stages, namely planning, implementation, observation, and reflection. The data analysis technique is descriptive qualitative using the percentage technique. and the determined success criteria is the score exceeds > 75%. The results of this study indicate an increase in creative thinking skills from the pre-cycle results of 40% with the category increasing in the first cycle, namely 70% and the final result increasing by 100%.
Application of Audio Visual Media to Increase Interest in Learning Indonesian Language Content for Class IV Students at Nurul Anwar Elementary School
Authors: Auliaulfattah Farah , Ramadianti Fatimatus Izzati , Roziah
Published: January 2025

This research explores how the use of audio-visual media can increase the learning interest of grade IV students at SD Nurul Anwar, especially in learning Indonesian. Using a qualitative approach and descriptive methods, this research involved 15 students. In this research the teacher used the inquiry learning model and the lecture learning method. The results show that the use of audio-visual media significantly influences students interest in learning compared to conventional learning methods. The implication is the need for educators to integrate audio-visual media in learning to increase students interest in learning.