bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Developing Lifetime Relationships with Patients: Strategies to Improve Patient Care and Build Your Practice
Authors: Levin Roger P.
Published: July 2019

Aim

The purpose of this article is to describe three strategies to build a thriving, patient-centered practice and promote oral health throughout a patient's lifetime.

Background

Compared to previous decades, more dental patients are “shopping around” for dental care and changing dental practices. This trend is due to factors such as acceptance of dental insurance, more comprehensive service offerings by other dentists, and effective marketing campaigns by other dental offices.

Findings

Delivering customer service exceeding patient expectations (“WOW” service), advocating patient education, and developing customized home care regimens will help lead to long-term patient retention and promote optimal patient care.

Discussion

A dental team making relationship-building a priority conveys respect for their patients’ time and well-being. Once trust has been established patients are more likely to be receptive to oral health education and become more compliant with home care regimens. Since a patient's oral health status will likely change over time, it's important to make education and customized treatment planning an integral part of each visit.

Conclusions

By demonstrating a strong commitment to customer service, education, and home care, patients recognize the care providers in a dental practice are interested in their well-being rather than simply treating problems.

Clinical Significance

If patients recognize a dental practice is focused on prevention and at-home oral health care, they are more likely to partner with that practice for a lifetime of excellent oral health care.

Keywords

Patient-centered practice, comprehensive service, patient education

Citation

Levin RP. Developing Lifetime Relationships with Patients: Strategies to Improve Patient Care and Build Your Practice. J Contemp Dent Pract 2008 January; (9)1:105-112.
Short-term Clinical Evaluation of Four Desensitizing Agents
Authors: Oginni Adeleke O. , Olusile Adeyemi Oluniyi , Bamise Cornelius Tokunbo , Dosumu Oluwole O.
Published: July 2019

Aim

To evaluate the effectiveness of four topical desensitizing agents in providing short-term relief of dentin hypersensitivity.

Methods and Materials

One hundred sixteen hypersensitive teeth with a positive response to intraoral testing for dentin hypersensitivity were included in this study. The four desensitizing agents tested were Duraphat™, 2% fluoride iontophoresis, copal varnish (CV), and Gluma™ Comfort Bond Plus Desensitizer. Following a specific regimen randomly determined desensitizing agents were applied in an alternating order when patients presented in a clinical setting with a complaint of hypersensitive teeth. A visual analogue scale was used to determine the degrees of hypersensitivity at three points in time. The first being just before the treatment to establish a baseline, then at 24 hours post-treatment, and the last at seven days post-treatment. Differences in the mean pain scores (MPS) between the baseline and post-treatment evaluation periods were used to determine the reduction in dentin hypersensitivity.

Results

At baseline the MPS for teeth treated with CV was 5.34 (SD: 2.39), Duraphat™ was 4.66 (SD: 1.82), Gluma™ was 6.03 (SD: 2.37), and iontophoresis was 5.76 (SD: 1.37). At 24 hours post-treatment the MPS for CV was 2.1 (SD: 0.95), Duraphat™ was 1.38 (SD;1.86), Gluma™ was 0.79 (SD;1.45), and iontophoresis was 1.62 (SD1.97). The reduction in dentin hypersensitivity at 24 hours (difference between baseline MPS and 24 hour MPS) was 5.28 for Gluma™, 4.14 for iontophoresis, 3.28 for Duraphat™, and 3.24 for CV which were all statistically significant (p<0.05). At seven days, the MPS for CV was 1.55 (SD: 1.44), Duraphat™ was 1.0 (SD;1.89), Gluma™ was 0.10 (SD;0.44), and iontophoresis was 0.3 (SD;0.98). Reduction of hypersensitivity between 24 hours and one week was 1.32 for iontophoresis, 0.69 for Gluma™, 0.55 for CV, and 0.38 for Duraphat™. Only the reductions for iontophoresis and Gluma™ were statistically significant at seven days (p<0.05).

Conclusions

All agents caused a statistically significant reduction in dentin hypersensitivity within 24 hours of treatment. Gluma™ performed best at 24 hours while iontophoresis appeared to have an edge at seven days. Long-term studies are needed to determine why this difference exists. Dentin hypersensitivity presents as an emergency condition requiring an effective means of providing immediate relief in the clinician's treatment armamentarium.

Citation

Olusile AO, Bamise CT, Oginni AO, Dosumu OO. Short-term Clinical Evaluation of Four Desensitizing Agents. J Contemp Dent Pract 2008 January; (9)1:022-029.
Finishing Systems on the Final Surface Roughness of Composites
Authors: Koh Richard , Neiva Gisele , Dennison Joseph , Yaman Peter
Published: July 2019

Aim

This study evaluated differences in surface roughness of a microhybrid (Gradia™ Direct, GC America) and a nanofil (Filtek™ Supreme, 3M™ ESPE™) composite using four polishing systems: PoGo™/Enhance® (DENTSPLY/Caulk), Sof-Lex™ (3MTM ESPE™), Astropol® (Ivoclar Vivadent), and Optidisc™ (KerrHawe).

Methods and Materials

An aluminum mold was used to prepare 2 X 60 composite disks (10 mm X 2 mm). Composite was packed into the mold, placed between two glass slabs, and polymerized for 40 seconds from the top and bottom surfaces. Specimens were finished to a standard rough surface using Moore's disks with six brushing strokes. Specimens were rinsed and stored in artificial saliva in individual plastic bags at 36°C for 24 hours prior to testing. Specimens were randomly assigned to one of the four polishing systems and were polished for 30 seconds (10 seconds per grit) with brushing strokes according to the manufacturer's instructions. Mean surface roughness (Ra) was recorded with a surface-analyzer 24 hours after storage in artificial saliva, both before and after polishing. Means were analyzed using two-way and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey multiple comparison tests at p < 0.05.

Results

There was a statistically significant difference for baseline measures between Filtek™ and Gradia™ (p=0.0338). For Filtek™, Sof-Lex™ provided a significantly smoother surface (Ra=0.80 ± 0.21) than Optidisc™ (Ra=0.93 ± 0.28), Astropol® (Ra=1.15 ± 0.24), and Pogo™/Enhance® (Ra=1.39 ± 0.39). For Gradia, Sof-Lex™ provided a significantly smoother surface (Ra=0.47 ± 0.09) and Astropol® provided a significantly rougher surface (Ra=1.39 ± 0.19) than Pogo™/Enhance® (Ra=1.11 ± 0.20) and Optidisc™ (Ra=1.15 ± 0.18). There was no significant difference in roughness between composites for individual polishing systems (p=0.3991).

Conclusion

Filtek™ specimens were smoother than Gradia™ specimens after baseline roughening. Sof- Lex™ provided the smoothest final surface when used with either composite. Astropol® provided a rough surface for Gradia™ specimens.

Citation

Koh R, Neiva G, Dennison J, Yaman P. Finishing Systems on the Final Surface Roughness of Composites. J Contemp Dent Pract 2008 February;(9)2:138-145.
Effect of Luting Cements on the Compressive Strength of Turkom-Cera™ All-ceramic Copings
Authors: AL-Makramani Bandar M. A. , Razak Abdul A. A , Abu-Hassan Mohamed I.
Published: July 2019

Aim

The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of different luting agents on the fracture strength of Turkom-Cera™ all-ceramic copings.

Methods and Materials

Standardized metal dies were duplicated from a prepared maxillary first premolar tooth using non-precious metal alloy (Wiron 99). Thirty Turkom-Cera™ copings of 0.6 mm thickness were then fabricated. Three types of luting agents were used: zinc phosphate cement (Elite™), glass-ionomer cement (Fuji I™), and a dual-cured composite resin cement (Panavia F™). Ten copings were cemented with each type. All copings were cemented to their respective dies according to manufacturer's instructions and received a static load of 5 kg for ten minutes. After 24 hours of storage in distilled water at 37°C, the copings were vertically loaded until fracture using an Instron Universal Testing Machine at a crosshead speed of 1 mm/minute. The mode of fracture was then determined.

Results

Statistical analysis carried out using analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed significant differences in the compressive strength between the three groups (P<0.001). The mean fracture strength (in Newtons) of Turkom-Cera™ copings cemented with Elite™, Fuji I™, and Panavia F™ were 1537.4 N, 1294.4 N, and 2183.6 N, respectively.

Conclusions

Luting agents have an influence on the fracture resistance of Turkom-Cera™ copings.

Citation

AL-Makramani BMA, Razak AAA, Abu-Hassan MI. Effect of Luting Cements on the Compressive Strength of Turkom-Cera™ All-ceramic Copings. J Contemp Dent Pract 2008 February;(9)2:033-040.
The Effect of Different Light-Curing Methods on Temperature Changes of Dual Polymerizing Agents Cemented to Human Dentin
Authors: Taher Nadia Malek , Al-Khairallah Yousra , Al-Aujan Sheikha Hamed , Ad'dahash Maha
Published: July 2019

Aim

This in vitro study aims to measure the temperature changes of resin luting cements cemented to human dentin when using different light curing systems for photo-activitation.

Methods and Materials

The three different types of light-curing units (LCUs) used for photoactivation were quartz-tungsten halogen (QTH), light emitting diode (LED), and plasma arc (PAC). Two types of dual cure resin cements were used [Variolink II™ (VL) and Choice™ (CH)]. Feltik Z250™ composite resin material was used to prepare composite discs. Thirty human dentin specimens were prepared for each resin luting cement (ten for each light source). A total of 60 specimens were fabricated. Resin cement was applied on a dentin bridge and covered with the prepared composite disc where specimens were fabricated. Temperature change was recorded with a digital thermometer. Results: The lowest temperature was recorded when VL and CH were photo-activated with the PAC unit. The PAC unit produced significantly lower recorded temperatures than the LED and QTH units. No significant difference appeared between QTH and LED units in terms of recorded temperature.

Results

The lowest temperature was recorded when VL and CH were photo-activated with the PAC unit. The PAC unit produced significantly lower recorded temperatures than the LED and QTH units. No significant difference appeared between QTH and LED units in terms of recorded temperature.

Conclusion

The PAC unit produced significantly lower temperature changes compared to QTH and LED curing units. The risk for temperature rise should be taken into consideration during photo-polymerization of adhesive resins with LED or QTH in deep cavities when dentin thickness is 0.5 mm.

Citation

Taher NM, Al-Khairallah Y, Al-Aujan SH, Ad'dahash M. The Effect of Different Light-Curing Methods on Temperature Changes of Dual Polymerizing Agents Cemented to Human Dentin. J Contemp Dent Pract 2008 February;(9)2:057-064.
Sorption and Solubility of Composites Cured with Quartz-tungsten Halogen and Light Emitting Diode Light-curing Units
Authors: Archegas Luci Regina P. , Caldas Danilo B. M. , Rached Rodrigo N. , Vieira Sergio , Souza Evelise M.
Published: July 2019

Aim

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of light polymerization on water sorption and solubility of hybrid composites.

Methods and Materials

Three composite resins were used to make discs cured with either quartz-tungsten halogen (QTH) or light emitting diode (LED) curing units. The specimens were stored in a desiccator at 37°C and weighted to a constant mass, then immersed in deionized water for different periods of time, and reconditioned until achieving a constant mass. Sorption and solubility were calculated and subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey tests (p<0.01).

Results

There were no statistically significant differences between the light sources. Water sorption increased with storage time for all the composites. The lowest sorption was observed for Herculite XRV™, followed by Tetric Ceram™, and Filtek Z250™. Increased storage times reduced the solubility of Filtek Z250™ but did not affect the solubility of Herculite XRV™ and Tetric Ceram™.

Conclusion

Water sorption and solubility of composites are not affected by the type of polymerization when the same intensity and exposure times are used. Thus, the differences found are probably related to the composition of the materials.

Clinical Significance

Water sorption and solubility of composites can lead to a shortened service life. However, these properties are not correlated to the type of polymerization.

Citation

Archegas LRP, Caldas DBM, Rached RN, Vieira S, Souza EM. Sorption and Solubility of Composites Cured with Quartz-tungsten Halogen and Light Emitting Diode Light-curing Units. J Contemp Dent Pract 2008 February;(9)2:073-080.
Treatment of a Patient with Oligodontia: A Case Report
Authors: Akkaya Nursel , Kiremitçi Arlin , Kansu Ŏzden
Published: July 2019

Aim

The aim of this report is to describe the management of a 16-year-old patient with oligodontia including six permanent teeth.

Background

Oligodontia is agenesis of six teeth or more, excluding third molars. The etiology of congenital absence of teeth is believed to be involved in heredity or developmental anomalies. It can be isolated or as part of a syndrome. There are a number of options available to restore space generated by missing teeth. Dental treatment can vary depending on the severity of the disease and generally requires a multidisciplinary approach. Treatment options include orthodontic therapy, implants, adhesive techniques, and removable prostheses.

Report

A 16-year-old male patient with oligodontia affecting six permanent teeth received conservative care that met his and his parent's expectations. The existing primary teeth were restored to resemble permanent teeth in order to achieve a favorable esthetic result using direct composite resin. The restorative treatment was provided for the psychosocial comfort of the young patient. The loss of teeth in young patients can cause esthetic, functional, and psychological problems particularly if the teeth of the anterior region are involved.

Adhesive techniques and new restorative materials represent current options in the management of the dental rehabilitation of young patients with oligodontia.

Citation

Akkaya N, Kiremitçi A, Kansu Ö. Treatment of a Patient with Oligodontia: A Case Report. J Contemp Dent Pract 2008 March; (9)3:121-127.
Caries Prevalence, Severity, and Pattern in Preschool Children
Authors: Wyne Amjad H.
Published: July 2019

Aim

To determine caries prevalence, severity, and pattern in preschool children of Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Methods and Materials

A total of 789 randomly selected preschool children, 379 (48%) male and 410 (52%) female, with mean age of 4.7 (SD 0.5) years were examined for dental caries using World Health Organization (WHO) diagnostic criteria.

Results

The overall caries prevalence among the sample was 74.8%. The mean decayed, missing, and filled (dmft) score was 6.1 (SD 3.9) with a decay component of 4.66, a missing component of 0.54, and a filled component of 0.92. There was no significant difference (p>.05) in caries prevalence and severity in relation to gender of the children. However, the caries prevalence and severity were significantly higher (p<.05) among children from government preschools as compared to those from private preschools. Among the posterior teeth, mandibular second molars (54.3%), and among anterior teeth, maxillary central incisors (27.9%) had the highest caries prevalence. Among the molars, caries prevalence was generally high in lower molars while among the anterior teeth, upper teeth generally had a higher caries prevalence. The majority of the children (50.3%) had both posterior and anterior tooth caries, 42.2% had posterior tooth caries only, while very few (7.5%) children had only anterior tooth caries.

Conclusion

Caries prevalence and severity are very high in the study population, and most children have posterior tooth caries.

Clinical Significance

Early measures such as fissure sealants, topical fluoride applications (as early as safely possible), and dietary fluoride supplements (where indicated) are needed to prevent caries of deciduous molars in high caries populations.

Citation

Wyne AH. Caries Prevalence, Severity, and Pattern in Preschool Children. J Contemp Dent Pract 2008 March; (9)3:024-031.
Increase in Utilization of Dental Sealants
Authors: Lam Anty
Published: July 2019

Aim

The purpose of this review is to explore how to increase utilization of dental sealants to reach the national 50% sealant objective as stated in the Healthy People 2010 document.

Background

Dental decay is the most common chronic childhood disease. A simple, cost-effective preventive measure to manage this disease is through sealant application.

Review

Although dental sealants are effective in reducing the risk of having dental decay, their rate of utilization among children and adolescents is below the objective set forth by the Healthy People 2010 document. This is related to the lack of public awareness, patient education, and inadequate reimbursement for sealants served by third-party insurers.

Conclusion

Dental decay is the most common chronic childhood disease. Dental sealants are a simple, costeffective preventive measure to manage this disease. In order to meet the national 50% sealant objective of the Healthy People 2010 document, public awareness and the education of consumers about the benefit of having dental sealants must be improved. Third-party insurers must improve the benefits for subscribers seeking dental sealant services. Using these approaches, the utilization of dental sealants will improve the oral health among the next generation of Americans.

Citation

Lam A. Increase in Utilization of Dental Sealants. J Contemp Dent Pract 2008 March; (9)3:081-087.
One Year Clinical Evaluation of Two Different Types of Composite Resins in Posterior Teeth
Authors: Neto Ranuifo Gianordoli , Santiago Sérgio Lima , Mendonça Juliano Sartori , Passos Vanara Florëncio , Lauris José Roberto Pereira , de Lima Navarro Maria Fidela
Published: July 2019

Aim

The aim of this study was to assess the clinical performance of two adhesive restorative systems (Single Bond/Filtek P-60 and Single Bond/Filtek Z-250) in posterior teeth using a modified United States Public Health Service (USPHS) system.

Methods and Materials

A total of 70 restorations were placed in molars and premolars in 30 patients (14 females and 16 males; 18-40 years) by one operator. All restorations were directly evaluated by two examiners at baseline, six months, and 12 months using the following modified USPHS rating criteria: marginal integrity, marginal discoloration, surface texture, contour, postoperative sensitivity, and recurrent caries.

Results

At six and 12 months all restorations were available for evaluation of marginal discoloration, surface texture, contour, postoperative sensitivity, and recurrent caries that remained with 100% Alpha-ratings at recalls for both restorative systems. Marginal integrity for P-60 was scored as 94.3% and 91.4% Alpha at six and 12 months, respectively, and rates for Z-250 were 100% and 97.1% Alpha at six and 12 months, respectively. Statistical analysis was completed with Fisher's exact and McNemar Chi-square tests at a significance level of 5% (P<0.05).

Conclusion

All restorations were clinically satisfactory and no significant differences were found among them.

Clinical Significance

Posterior resin composite restorations placed under appropriate conditions provide a satisfactory clinical performance.

Citation

Gianordoli Neto R, Santiago SL, Mendonça JS, Passos VF, Lauris RP, Navarro MFdeL. One Year Clinical Evaluation of Two Different Types of Composite Resins in Posterior Teeth. J Contemp Dent Pract 2008 May; (9)4:026-033.
Breast Adenocarcinoma Mimicking Temporomandibular Disorders: A Case Report
Authors: de Menezes Alynne Vieira , Lima Mariela Perira , de Frota Mendonça João Esmeraldo , Haiter-Neto Francisco , Kurita Lucio Mitsuo
Published: July 2019

Aim

The aim of this report is to present a case of a metastatic lesion in the mandible originating from a breast adenocarcinoma that was initially diagnosed as temporomandibular disorder (TMD). The role of the dental practitioner in the diagnostic phases is also discussed.

Background

It is not uncommon to see a patient who complains of what seems to be a TMD but who in reality suffers from a systematic disease, dental infection, or neoplasia. Although metastases to the head and neck are uncommon, it should always be considered among the differential diagnoses of lesions.

Report

A 42-year-old female presented with pain and swelling in the right temporomandibular joint (TMJ) previously diagnosed as TMD. Further clinical, radiological, and histological examinations coupled with a history of adenocarcinoma of the breast lead to a final diagnosis of a metastatic lesion in the right TMJ region.

In most patients who present with an oral metastasis the distant primary tumor has already been diagnosed and treated. Occasionally the discovery of an oral metastasis leads to the detection of an occult primary malignancy elsewhere in the body. Thus the dentist should be able to perform an adequate diagnosis and play an important role in the diagnostic phase of care that can lead to a useful palliation and an enhanced quality of the patient's life.

Clinical Significance

In order to avoid the pitfalls so common in evaluating patients with TMJ pain, the clinician must perform a complete and critical review of the medical history along with a comprehensive examination. The challenge is to know and evaluate the differential diagnosis. Failure to do so can result in a misdiagnosis which may lead to unnecessary care, long-term therapy without clinical resolution, or potentionally death.

Citation

Menezes AV, Lima MP, Mendonça JEdeF, Haiter-Neto F, Kurita LM. Breast Adenocarcinoma Mimicking Temporomandibular Disorders: A Case Report. J Contemp Dent Pract 2008 July; (9)5:100-106.
Glanzmann Thrombasthenia: A Rare Hematological Disorder with Oral Manifestations: A Case Report
Authors: Nandakumar K. , Ranjith Ambili
Published: July 2019

Aim

The aim of this report is to present a case of Glanzmann thrombasthenia (GT) with oral manifestations requiring periodontal management along with a discussion of the clinical, hematologic, and molecular level features of the disease.

Background

GT is a rare hematological disorder with oral manifestations affecting platelets and clotting. It is characterized by spontaneous bleeding from mucosal tissues and excessive bleeding following skin damage. It belongs to the group of hereditary platelet disorders and is due to a defect in one of two genes, platelet membrane glycoprotein (GP) IIb/IIIa.

Report

A 22-year-old female patient with a history of Type I GT and long-term care using platelet transfusion was referred for management of her gingival bleeding. Dental treatment included scaling, polishing, oral hygiene instructions, along with a prescription for anti-plaque agents. There was pronounced improvement in her periodontal condition after treatment. Reduced gingival bleeding resulted in an increase in her hemoglobin level from a pre-treatment level of 2 gm% to 8 gm% during her last visit. The patient was followed for eight months with no further periodontal complications.

A pronounced improvement in the periodontal condition of a GT patient occurred following routine scaling and polishing procedures along with proper oral hygiene maintenance instructions. The result was a reduction of the patient's gingivitis and associated spontaneous bleeding and an improvement in her hemoglobin status. GT patients should be managed for their periodontal problems following a hematological consultation. The importance of proper maintenance of oral hygiene as well as regular recall visits should be emphasized.

Citation

Ambili R, NandaKumar K. Glanzmann Thrombasthenia: A Rare Hematological Disorder with Oral Manifestations: A Case Report. J Contemp Dent Pract 2008 July; (9)5:107-113.
Implant-supported Crowns for a Shortened Dental Arch: A Case Report
Authors: Abu-Saleh Tareq , Marnewick Johan
Published: July 2019

Aim

The aim of this report is to highlight the efficiency of implant restoration of a shortened dental arch (SDA) for a partially edentulous patient.

Background

The SDA refers to a dentition with loss of posterior teeth. The goal of dental care is the maintenance of a natural dentition with regard to esthetics, speech, chewing, and oral comfort. In order to achieve this goal several issues were examined in a SDA clinical scenario including masticatory ability, occlusal factors, the effect of removable partial dentures, oral comfort, and periodontal support.

Report

A 62-year-old female with a SDA presented for treatment with concern about her compromised periodontal and restorative status. Following professional scaling and root planing and oral hygiene motivation, the bite was opened. Restorative treatment was rendered up to the second premolars with the issues associated with a SDA in mind.

A body of evidence in literature showed an arch extending to the second premolars is adequate for normal functional demands, oral hygiene, oral comfort, and possibly reduced costs on a dentition subjected to modern diet. The reported clinical outcomes of using implant supported crowns till the second premolar area using the concept of restoring only an existing SDA were highly satisfactory for the well-oriented patient.

Citation

Abu-Saleh T, Marnewick J. Implant-supported Crowns for a Shortened Dental Arch: A Case Report. J Contemp Dent Pract 2008 July; (9)5:114-121.
How to Deal with Esthetically Overcritical Patients Who Need Complete Dentures: A Case Report
Authors: Ma Huifen , Sun Hui-Qiang , Ji Ping
Published: July 2019

Aim

The purpose of this report is to present a strategy for making a diagnosis and providing appropriate treatment for denture patients with high esthetic demands.

Background

Some edentulous patients have critical requirements for the esthetic aspect of dentures.

Report

A 55-year-old edentulous female presented with a complaint of dissatisfaction with the appearance of two sets of old dentures. A complex method was used during the fabrication of a new set of dentures in order to meet her demand for esthetics.

This method essentially improves the mutual communication and cooperation between dentists and patients; therefore, it improves satisfaction of the patients.

Citation

Ma H, Sun H, Ji P. How to Deal with Esthetically Overcritical Patients Who Need Complete Dentures: A Case Report. J Contemp Dent Pract 2008 July; (9)5: 22-127.
Assessment of Oral Malodor: A Comparison of the Organoleptic Method with Sulfide Monitoring
Authors: Baharvand Maryam , Maleki Ziba , Mohammadi Sahar , Alavi Kaveh , Moghaddam Einaz Jalali
Published: July 2019

Aim

The purpose of the present study was to measure the oral malodor of volunteers by means of a subjective organoleptic method and a sulfide monitor as well as to evaluate the diagnostic value of the Halimeter®in the diagnosis of halitosis.

Methods and Materials

Sulfide monitoring and organoleptic oral malodor assessment methods were performed on 77 volunteers (51 females, 26 males) selected from academic staff, students, clerks, and patients of the Shaheed Beheshti University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Dental School. The organoleptic method of assessment and sulphide monitoring were conducted by three calibrated judges. The Kendall's tau-b correlation analysis was used to calculate correlation coefficients between the sulfide monitor and organoleptic scores.

Results

The Kendall's correlation coefficient between sulfide monitoring and organoleptic scores was 0.493 (p<0.001). Sensitivity and specificity were assessed to be 61.1% and 87.8% respectively. The positive predictive value (PPV) and the negative predictive value (NPV) were 81.5% and 72%, respectively. The intra-class correlation coefficient for the three episodes of monitoring was calculated as 97%.

Conclusion

Use of a sulfide montoring device in conjunction with the organoleptic method is an effective strategy for diagnosing oral malodor.

Clinical Relevance

Because of its small size and simplicity of handling the Halimeter sulfide monitor is convenient to use. This method of evaluation of patients for oral malodor is capable of differentiating normal patients (such as with Pseudohalitosis and halitophobia) from the others and for halitosis screening along with other techniques such as the organoleptic method. However, when used alone, it may lead to a misdiagnosis of some cases in terms of intensity.

Citation

Baharvand M, Maleki Z, Mohammadi S, Alavi K, Moghaddam EJ. Assessment of Oral Malodor: A Comparison of the Organoleptic Method with Sulfide Monitoring. J Contemp Dent Pract 2008 July; (9)5:076-083.
Short-term Effects of a Combination Product Night-time Therapeutic Regimen on Breath Malodor
Authors: Gerlach Robert W. , Barker Matthew L. , Farrell Svetlana , Walanski Amy
Published: July 2019

Aim

To evaluate the malodor reduction benefits of a therapeutic night-time oral hygiene regimen that combined antibacterial toothpaste and mouthrinse with an oscillating-rotating rechargeable power toothbrush.

Methods and Materials

An independent clinical trial was conducted using a randomized, negative-controlled, single blind, two treatment, 4-period crossover design. After completing a 1-week acclimation period, subjects were randomly assigned to a treatment sequence consisting of the following two regimens: (1) a night-time regimen of Crest®Pro-Health®Night dentifrice, Crest®Pro-Health®Night rinse, and Oral-B®Vitality™ Precision Clean™ power toothbrush and (2) a control regimen of Crest®Cavity Protection dentifrice and an ADA manual toothbrush. Each treatment period started with an overnight baseline volatile sulfur compounds (VSCs) Halimeter®measurement, followed by twice daily use of the assigned regimen. Post-treatment overnight malodor was assessed at 24 hours. There were 2-day washout periods between treatments. All procedures were repeated with the next assigned regimen, through four crossover periods.

Results

Twenty-five subjects completed the study. Twice daily use of the therapeutic night-time regimen resulted in a significant (p>0.001) 35% reduction of mean VSC levels in the overnight breath compared to the control regimen.

Conclusion

One-day use of a night-time regimen consisting of a therapeutic paste, rinse, and an oscillatingrotating rechargeable power toothbrush provided a 35% reduction in overnight breath malodor compared to regular brushing.

Clinical Significance

Combining a proven therapeutic dentifrice, mouthrinse, and advanced design toothbrush in a single regimen is an efficient means of maximizing breath odor reductions.

Citation

Farrell S, Barker ML, Walanski A, Gerlach RW. Short-term Effects of a Combination Product Nighttime Therapeutic Regimen on Breath Malodor. J Contemp Dent Pract 2008 September; (9)6:001-008.
Panoramic Radiographic Appearance of Massive Calcification of Tuberculous Lymph Nodes
Authors: Ay Sinan , Kara M. Isa , Yeler Defne , Yeier Hasan
Published: July 2019

Aim

The aim of this report is to present a case of multiple calcified tuberculous lymph nodes found in a panoramic radiograph including a discussion of the differential diagnosis of this lesion from other soft tissue calcifications.

Background

Concomitant massive submandibular and cervical tuberculosis lymph node calcifications are relatively uncommon lesions and may be encountered on routine panoramic radiographs.

Report

This report describes the case of an asymptomatic 35-year-old patient whose dental radiographs showed findings which led to bilaterally, irregularly shaped, multiple calcified lymph nodes especially in the left submandibular and cervical area.

Because treatment is unnecessary for symptom-free calcified lymph nodes and the patient was unwilling to any further examination done, surgical removal of the calcified lymph nodes was not done.

Citation

Kara IM, Yeler D, Yeler H, Ay S. Panoramic Radiographic Appearance of Massive Calcification of Tuberculous Lymph Nodes. J Contemp Dent Pract 2008 September; (9)6:108-114.
Influence of Storage Media Containing Salvia officinalis on Survival of Periodontal Ligament Cells
Authors: Ozan Fatih , Polat Zübeyde Akin , Tepe Bektaş , Er Kürşat
Published: July 2019

Aim

The purpose of this study was to determine the ability ofSalvia officinalis(S. officinalis) extracts to serve as a storage medium for the maintenance of periodontal ligament (PDL) cell viability of avulsed teeth.

Methods and Materials

PDL cells were obtained from healthy third molars and cultured in Dulbecco's Modified Eagle's Medium (DMEM). Cultures were subjected to 4, 2.5, 1.5, and 0.5%S. officinalissolutions, Hank's balanced salt solution (HBSS), phosphate buffered saline (PBS), and tap water. Tissue culture plates were incubated with experimental media at 37°C for 1, 3, 6, 12 or 24 hours. PDL cell viability was assessed by trypan blue exclusion. Statistical analysis of the data was performed by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) complemented by the Tukey's test. The level of significance was 5% (p< 0.05).

Results

The results showed 2.5%S. officinaliswas a more effective storage medium than the other experimental solutions (p<0.05). Only at 1 hour and 3 hours was there found similar effect between 2.5%S. officinalisand HBSS. At 24 hours, 2.5%S. officinaliswas found to be significantly better than the other solutions tested.

Conclusion

S. officinaliscan be recommended as a suitable transport medium for avulsed teeth.

Clinical Significance

The findings of this study support the use ofS. officinalisas another option for clinicians to use to store and transport avulsed teeth until reimplantation procedures can be done.

Citation

Özan F, Polat ZA, Tepe B, Er K. Influence of Storage Media ContainingSalvia officinalison Survival of Periodontal Ligament Cells. J Contemp Dent Pract 2008 September; (9)6:017-024.
The Effects of Custom Tray Material on the Accuracy of Master Casts
Authors: Mosharraf Ramin , Shafa Sina , Zaree Zeinab
Published: July 2019

Aim

In addition to the impression material, the type of impression tray influences the accurate dimensional transfer of the size and position of the teeth to the master cast. The aim of this study was to determine the accuracy of master casts produced from an alginate impression material using a visible-light-curing resin and autopolymerizing polymethyl methacrylate resin custom tray materials.

Methods and Materials

Two types of custom trays were fabricated from a stainless steel master model with three index studs. Twenty-two irreversible hydrocolloid impressions were made of the master model and then poured with a Type III dental stone. The distances between the reproduced index studs were measured to +/- 0.01 mm with a digital caliper. A one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and T-test were used for data analysis.

Results

There were no significant differences between the two tray materials for any of the three distances. There were no statistical differences between the master model and the casts made from the two tray materials in the length dimension, but there were significant differences in the vertical dimension. In terms of the width dimension there was a significant difference only between the cold curing group and the master model.

Conclusion

Within the limitations of this study, the dimensions of stone casts poured from an impression made using a light-cured tray did not differ significantly from those created from impressions made using autopolymerizing acrylic trays. However, working dies from the light-curing tray impressions were more accurate buccolingually than those from the autopolymerizing acrylic trays.

Clinical Significance

The accuracy of master cast reproduction using visible-light-curing resin or an autopolymerizing polymethyl methacrylate resin custom tray material is acceptable. Although autopolymerizing resin materials require less equipment and are relatively more inexpensive, light-cure tray materials may be the material of choice for custom tray fabrication due to greater accuracy in the buccolingual dimension.

Citation

Shafa S, Zaree Z, Mosharraf R. The Effects of Custom Tray Material on the Accuracy of Master Casts. J Contemp Dent Pract 2008 September; (9)6:049-056.
Temporomandibular Joint Internal Derangement: Association with Headache, Joint Effusion, Bruxism, and Joint Pain
Authors: Costa André L.F. , D'Abreu Anelyssa , Cendes Fernando
Published: July 2019

Aim

The aim of the present study was to assess the correlation of temporomandibular joint internal derangement (TMJ ID) in patients with the presence of headache, bruxism, and joint pain using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Methods and Materials

This study evaluated 42 joints in 42 patients; 21 patients diagnosed with unilateral TMJ ID and a history of headaches and 21 patients diagnosed with unilateral TMD ID without a history of headaches. Signs of headache, bruxism, and joint pain were diagnosed clinically and were also obtained from the patient's history. Sixteen joints in 16 patients without signs or symptoms of TMD or headache were included as a control group. All patients underwent bilateral MRI of the TMJ to evaluate the disc position and the presence of joint effusion. Data were analyzed using Chi-square and Fischer's exact tests.

Results

Bruxing behavior was most frequently reported by patients with headaches (p<0.0125). Eightyfive percent of subjects with headaches also reported joint pain. A significant association was found between headache and TMJ effusion (p<0.0125). Patients with more severe disc displacement also had a higher frequency of effusion (p=0.001).

Conclusion

The results suggest joint effusion may have a role in the pathogenesis of headache in TMJ ID.

Clinical Significance

Temporomandibular joint effusion on MRI may serve as a biological marker of headache associated with TMD and could be helpful for diagnostic classification and treatment follow up.

Citation

Costa ALF, D'Abreu A, Cendes F. Temporomandibular Joint Internal Derangement: Association with Headache, Joint Effusion, Bruxism, and Joint Pain. J Contemp Dent Pract 2008 September; (9)6:009-016.
Fracture Resistance of Teeth Restored with Different Post Systems Using New-generation Adhesives
Authors: Görgül Güliz , Kivanç Bagdagül Helvacioglu
Published: July 2019

Aim

The aim of this study was to investigate the fracture strength of three post systems cemented with a dual cure composite resin luting cement by using different adhesive systems.

Methods and Materials

In this study 63 extracted anterior teeth with single roots were endodontically prepared and filled. Teeth were randomly assigned to one of three post systems placed into the prepared canals: Group I - titanium posts (n=21) (Filpost); Group II - glass fiber posts (n=21) (Mirafit White); and Group III zirconia posts (n=21) (CosmoPost). Each group was again randomly divided into three subgroups according to the bonding materials used [Single Bond (n=7), Clearfil SE Bond (n=7), and Prompt L Pop (n=7)]. A dual cured resin cement (Rely X ARC) was used for bonding the posts into the root canals. Standard cores were made by a composite resin (Clearfil Photocore) using core build-ups. The samples were tested in the compression test machine for 1 mm/min and fracture resistance of the teeth were recorded. The data was analyzed by using twoway analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Duncan's New Multiple Range Tests. A significance level of p<.05 was used for all comparisons.

Results

There was a significant difference in fracture resistance between the post systems (p<0.05) and the interaction of adhesive resins and post systems (p<0.05). Mirafit White was more resistant to fracture than other groups; Filpost showed the least resistance to fracture. CosmoPost post system bonded with Single Bond recorded the lowest fracture resistance (p<0.05).

Conclusion

Endodontically treated anterior teeth restored with glass fiber posts exhibited higher failure loads than teeth restored with zirconia and titanium posts. Self-etching adhesives are better alternatives to etch-andrinse adhesive systems for luting post systems.

Clinical Significance

Under the condition of this study, glass fiber posts are preferable to restore endodontically treated anterior teeth.

Citation

Kivanç BH, Görgül G. Fracture Resistance of Teeth Restored with Different Post Systems Using Newgeneration Adhesives. J Contemp Dent Pract 2008 November; (9)7:033-040.
Eating Disorders Part II: Clinical Strategies for Dental Treatment
Authors: Aranha Ana Cecília Corrêa , de Paula Eduardo Carlos , Cordás Táki Athanassios
Published: July 2019

Aim

To present the strategies of treatment for dental implications of eating disorders.

Methods and Materials

A comprehensive review of the literature was conducted with special emphasis on the treatment of the oral implications of anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa, dividing the treatment into different parts.

Results

Oral manifestations of eating disorders represent a challenge to the dental pratitioner. Dental erosion, caries, xerostomia, enlargement of parotide glands, traumatized oral mucosa, and other oral manifestations may present in anorexic and bulimic patients.

Conclusion

Often the dentist is the first healthcare provider to observe the clinical symptoms of an eating disorder. Dental treatment should be carried out simultaneously with the medical treatment. However, dentists are not aware of the fundamental importance of the dentist's participation in the multidisciplinary treatment and no training is provided with regard to the strategies involved in the dental treatment.

Keywords

Oral complications of eating disorders are a major concern. The difficulties of recognizing the oral manifestations, and the failure to do so, may lead to serious systemic problems in addition to progressive and irreversible damage to the oral hard tissues. Considering the increasing incidence and prevalence rates of eating disorders, the dentist's participation and dental treatment should be discussed.

Citation

Aranha ACC, Eduardo CP, Cordás TA. Eating Disorders Part II: Clinical Strategies for Dental Treatment. J Contemp Dent Pract 2008 November; (9)7:089-096.
The Prevalence of Anterior Teeth Fracture and its Relation to Malocclusion in 12 and 15 Year Old School Children Belgaum City India
Authors: Tangade Pradeep. S.
Published: July 2019

The objectives of this study were to know the prevalence of anterior teeth fracture and malocclusion and their correlation among the school going children aged 12 and 15 years, as well as to analyze the general relative risk factors like age, sex, malocclusion, nature and place of trauma.

Method

An epidemiological cross sectional study was carried out among 3621 school going children (2418 boys and 1203 girls) in Belgaum city aged 12 and 15 years. Interview was conducted fro other variables and clinical examination using modified WHO performa was done.

Results

The prevalence of anterior teeth fracture was 4.41%. The prevalence rate for males was 4.96% and females 3.33%. The maxillary left central incisor had more risk for fracture (42.7%). Enamel fractures compromised of 59.54%. The prevalence rate of malocclusion was 27.3%.

Conclusions

The study concludes that there is a strong relationship between malocclusion and fractured anterior teeth (P<0.001). Key words: Malocclusion, Trauma, Prevalence, Tooth Fracture
Geminated Maxillary Lateral Incisor with Talon's Cusp – A Rare Case Report
Authors: Goel Mahesh , Agnihotri Archna
Published: July 2019

A rare case of Geminated maxillary lateral incisor with Talon's cusp is reported. In order to relieve the crowding, align the anteriors and to facilitate the eruption of canine it was planned to extract the geminated tooth. The canine after complete eruption was recontoured to the shape of lateral incisor followed by the alignment of anterior teeth.
Prevalence of Osteoporotic Changes in Panoramic Radiographs of Patients showing Carotid Calcifications
Authors: Pabla Tarunjeet , Ramesh Aruna
Published: July 2019

Objectives

Atherosclerosis and Osteoporosis are two of the most prevalent chronic diseases in the western world. They share common risk factors and many studies suggest an association between arterial calcification and low bone mass possibly due to common etiology.(1-3) The aim of this pilot study is to study the prevalence of osteoporotic changes in patients showing evidence of carotid plaques on panoramic radiographs.

Methods

Of the panoramic radiographs done on dental school patients from 2004-2005, 24 radiographs showing frank evidence of carotid plaque were selected and reviewed for osteoporotic changes using the criteria by White et al.(4)

Results

95% of our study patients showed evidence of osteoporotic changes in their mandibular cortex.

Conclusions

Given the results of our pilot study, it is important that dentists should screen for osteoporosis in patients showing carotid atherosclerosis.
Orodental Care related to Radiotherapy for Head and Neck Cancer
Authors: Atri Rajeev , Dhankhar Rakesh , Nair Vimoj , Kaushal Vivek , Dhull Anil Kumar
Published: July 2019

Orodental care is mandatory in radiotherapy for head and neck cancer patients. Radiation therapy of malignant tumors of head and neck is associated with number of side effects, which can lead to acute and chronic oral complications. It is important to prevent and treat orofacial complications which require a multidisciplinary approach. All patients should undergo oral screening before radiotherapy for tumors of head and neck. Many oral conditions, such as poor oral hygiene, broken teeth, defective restorations and periodontal disease, are likely to precipitate complications during and after a course of radiation therapy and it is always better to deal with these problems before starting radiotherapy. The risk of osteoradionecrosis will be reduced to zero if there was a 21-day or greater interval between extraction and initiation of radiation therapy. Systematically applied oral hygiene protocols during radiotherapy may reduce the incidence, severity and duration of oral complications. It is well accepted that tooth extraction should be avoided even after many years of head and neck radiotherapy. If required it should be done by an experienced dental surgeon with proper prophylactic measures. The dental professional plays a relevant role in the prevention and healing or control of the oral complications. The relief of symptoms and the eradication of clinical manifestations largely improve patient quality of life.