bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
You Are Here
Authors: Werthwine Katharine
Published: July 2023

This piece is an excerpt from a zine exploring how literacy, embodiment, and climate literacy intersect in the classroom. The zine reflects on the role place-based learning has in my teaching practices and some of the challenges I face trying to incorporate it into my teaching. I initially created the zine during a writing retreat with other Florida-based educators. A major theme that kept coming up over the course of the retreat was shared vulnerability — that is being willing to share our stories and hear the stories of others. Perceptive and proficient readers need more than “skill and drill.” Students need to engage with the stories of the people and places around them to develop their literacy skills and their understanding of the environments they live in.
Amenazas para la seguridad humana a nivel nacional e internacional por la explotación ilegal de los recursos naturales en la Amazonía colombiana
Authors: Uquillas-Prieto Camilo , Fernández-Rodríguez Juanita María
Published: July 2023

Ha cobrado importancia en los dos últimos lustros el concepto sobre la seguridad humana, y hoy es un inamovible en el debate académico y otros, alrededor de las amenazas multidimensionales de orden global, regional y local.  No menos discutible que el cometo anterior lo es el cuidado del medio ambiente y particularmente todo lo relacionado con la Amazonía como una reserva de la biodiversidad. Colombia cuenta con una extensión importante de la Amazonía, representando un activo ambiental estratégico que con mayor frecuencia sigue siendo objeto del mal uso de sus recursos, explotación ilegal e indiscriminada, como la deforestación para la ganadería, crecimiento no planificado de infraestructura, cultivos de coca, la minería ilegal, agricultura industrial, despojo de tierras y obviamente la tala, que consecuentemente afecta bajo múltiples relaciones directas e indirectas al hombre y su seguridad doméstico e internacional como se evidencia en el lapso entre 2016 y el año 2021.
La importancia de la Isla Diego García en la defensa de los intereses geoestratégicos de Estados Unidos en el Océano Índico
Authors: Rodríguez-Vargas Juan Manuel
Published: July 2023

La isla Diego García en el Océano Índico es territorio fundamental en los intereses geoestratégicos de los Estados Unidos, la base instalada en esta isla tiene disponibilidad inmediata de tropas, aviones y barcos militares. El Océano Índico es de gran importancia geoestratégica, porque en sus aguas transitan las rutas navales y mercantiles más importantes del mundo. En dichas rutas se transportan productos primarios -materias primas- y bienes de tipo energético -Petróleo y Gas-. Las aguas del Índico son una ruta de circulación esencial para que los hidrocarburos procedentes del Golfo Pérsico arriben a los mercados de Asia y Europa. El papel trascendental que tiene el Océano Índico en el intercambio global de bienes motiva a los Estados Unidos a vigilar sus aguas en beneficio de sus intereses globales e impulsa el dominio marítimo, controlando el tráfico y tránsito naval que se moviliza permanentemente.
Conciencia marítima nacional
Authors: Junco-Camargo Carol Dayan
Published: July 2023

La construcción de Estado local es un proceso de relacionamiento entre las instituciones estatales y las comunidades basado en la legitimidad institucional. La tesis que se plantea es que la conciencia marítima nacional puede aportar en el proceso de construcción de Estado local en las zonas costeras e insulares. En el primer argumento se expone que afianza el relacionamiento institucional puesto que permite el conocimiento del Estado sobre las particularidades del territorio. Como segundo argumento, se indica que fortalece las capacidades de las instituciones para tomar decisiones ajustadas al ordenamiento jurídico y prestar servicios esenciales, mejorando su legitimidad. En el tercer argumento, se afirma que permite el reconocimiento de las potencialidades económicas de la zona costera e insular, generando propuestas de desarrollo acordes con sus singularidades.
ANALISIS KEEKONOMIAN SKEMA PSC GROSS SPLIT PADA PENGEMBANGAN LAPANGAN FR
Authors: Ristawati Arinda , Pramadika Havidh , Maulani Mustamina , Prima Andry
Published: July 2023

Based on the Regulation of the Minister of Energy and Mineral Resources Number 52 of 2017, which later this regulation was revised into Regulation of the Minister of Energy and Mineral Resources Number 12 of 2020 the government has issued a new regulation related to the upstream oil and gas business, namely the Gross Split Production Sharing Contract scheme. In this scheme, the contractor will bear all operational costs during the development of the oil and gas field, and there is a distribution of amounts for the government and publications that are imposed before tax, the components are a base split, variable split, and progressive split. An analysis of the widespread use of the assessment components is necessary. This research will calculate the economics of the Fr field with production calculations starting in 2023. The Fr field is a field that produces oil and gas with a total oil production of 14765 Mbbl and gas of around 1,972,045 Mscf until 2036. The analysis is carried out to determine economic indicators by the calculation results for the acquisition of the Gross Split Production Sharing Contract scheme provide positive benefits for contractors in the Fr field, with a total NPV@10% of 424,010 MUSD with an IRR of 24% and a Pay Out Time of 6 years. By conducting a sensitivity analysis, the parameters that most influence the NPV and IRR in the Fr field are oil and gas production & prices.
PERTAMBAHAN BERAT BADAN BERLEBIH SELAMA KEHAMILAN DAN DAMPAKNYA PADA KEJADIAN PREEKLAMPSIA
Authors: Nopala Chandra Adi , Rachmiyani Irmiya
Published: July 2023

Preeklampsia merupakan suatu kondisi yang dapat menyebabkan kematian ibu, bahkan masih tergolong sebagai faktor utama kematian ibu pada negara berkembang. Preeklampsia merupakan tekanan darah lebih dari normal yang baru timbul pada usia kehamilan minimal 20 minggu yang disertai tanda dan gejala gangguan organ lain. Pertambahan berat badan ibu saat hamil sangat beragam antar individu dan beberapa faktor diketahui menjadi penyebabnya. Pertambahan berat badan didistribusikan antara janin, plasenta, membran, cairan amnion, dan perkembangan fisiologis uterus dan payudara. Pertambahan berat badan berhubungan dengan retensi cairan. Pertambahan berat badan berlebih saat hamil dapat meningkatkan terjadinya stres oksidatif, memicu respons peradangan sistemik, dan progresi kerusakan sel endotel pembuluh darah, yang dapat memicu terjadinya preeklampsia. Penyebab pasti preeklampsia secara umum masih belum diketahui. Patofisiologi utama preeklampsia dimulai dengan gangguan vasokonstriksi pada kehamilan terkait dengan disfungsi endotelial di seluruh tubuh sebagai akibat abnormalitas plasenta. Postulat penting untuk memahami preeklampsia antara lain: abnormalitas plasenta, kerusakan sel endotel, peningkatan kadar molekul proinflamasi dan penurunan kadar molekul vasodilator (misalnya prostasiklin/PGI2), serta peningkatan molekul antiangiogenik. Tinjauan pustaka ini menunjukkan adanya dampak pertambahan berat badan berlebih pada ibu hamil dengan kejadian preeklampsia. Pertambahan berat badan yang berlebih akan lebih berpengaruh terhadap risiko terjadinya preeklampsia. Dampak pertambahan berat badan berlebih selama kehamilan terhadap kejadian preeklampsia juga berhubungan dengan berat badan ibu sebelum hamil, dimana peningkatan risiko lebih sering terjadi pada ibu yang berat badannya tergolong normal dan obesitas.

Kata kunci: preeklampsia, berat badan ibu, pertambahan berat badan, kehamilan
KADAR KOLESTEROL LDL SEBAGAI PREDIKTOR LAMA PERAWATAN PADA PASIEN STROKE ISKEMIK AKUT
Authors: Ayudia Putri , Imran Yudhisman
Published: July 2023

LATAR BELAKANG

Stroke adalah kondisi abnormalitas pada peredaran darah otak yang onsetnya berlangsung mendadak dengan manifestasi klinis gangguan neurologis fokal sampai global, yang terjadi lebih dari 24 jam dan dapat menimbulkan kematian. Kadar LDL (Low Density Lipoprotein) merupakan kolesterol yang dapat menyebabkan aterosklerosis yang kemudian dapat berkembang menjadi stroke iskemik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menilai hubungan kolesterol LDL dengan lama perawatan pada pasien stroke iskemik akut.

 

METODE

Penelitian ini menggunakan disain cross-sectional. Penelitian dilakukan pada Agustus 2021 sampai dengan Desember 2021 menggunakan data sekunder dari rekam medik. Subjek penelitian ini adalah 34 pasien stroke iskemik akut yang di rawat di RS Juanda Kuningan Jawa Barat periode Februari 2019 – Februari 2020. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah bivariat dengan uji Chi-square kemaknaan p<0,05 dan analisis multivariat.

 

HASIL

Jenis kelamin paling banyak adalah laki-laki (61,8%), kadar kolesterol LDL tidak normal (85,3%), tekanan darah tidak normal (73,5%), kada glukosa darah normal (52,9%), dan lama perawatan ≥ 7 hari Terdapat hubungan bermakna antara kadar kolesterol LDL dengan lama perawatan pada pasien stroke iskemik akut (p=0,042) dan merupakan variabel paling berperngaruh (OR=35,212).

 

KESIMPULAN

Terdapat hubungan bermakna antara kadar kolesterol LDL dengan lama perawatan pada pasien stroke iskemik akut. Kadar kolesterol LDL merupakan variabel paling berperngaruh.
HUBUNGAN ANTARA OSTEOARTRITIS GENU DAN FLEKSIBILITAS PADA LANSIA
Authors: Maharani Shanaz Yulia , Sidarta Nuryani
Published: July 2023

Osteoartritis (OA) dimasukkan World Health Organization (WHO) sebagai salah satu dari banyak permasalahan kesehatan masyarakat yang memiliki prevalensi yang cukup tinggi dalam skala global. Prevalensi kejadian osteoartritis di Indonesia mencapai sekitar 5% pada usia <40 tahun, 30% pada usia 40-60 tahun, dan 65% pada lansia >60 tahun. Osteoartritis genu memegang prevalensi terbesar pada osteoartritis. Diperkirakan pada tahun 2025, prevalensi osteoartritis genu akan meningkat sebanyak 40% dengan bertambahnya populasi lansia. Penurunan fleksibilitas  merupakan keluhan utama yang sering didapatkan pada penderita OA Genu dan sangat mempengaruhi kualitas hidup penderita.  Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat hubungan fleksibilitas pada Lansia dengan kejadian Osteoartritis. Penelitian potong lintang ini melibatkan 75 lansia berusia 60-90 tahun yang tinggal di Panti Werdha, Cengkareng.  Sampel dipilih dengan metode consecutive non-random sampling.  Diagnosis OA Genu di ambil dari data di rekam medis  dan pengukuran fleksibilitas dilakukan dengan menggunakan pemeriksaan Chair Sit and Reach Test. Data dianalisis secara univariat dan bivariat menggunakan SPSS versi 27 dengan uji kemaknaan chi-square p<0,05. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan 56% lansia memiliki OA Genu dan 60% lansia memiliki kemampuan fleksibilitas yang dinilai kurang baik. Uji analisis menunjukkan adanya hubungan bermakna antara kejadian osteoartritis genu dengan penurunan fleksibilitas (p=0,001). Sesuai dengan hasil yang didapatkan, pengukuran fleksibilitas Lansia penderita OA Genu merupakan salah satu pemeriksaan rutin yang dinilai perlu untuk dilakukan guna meningkatkan kemampuan gerak serta mengurangi resiko jatuh pada Lansia.
Do We Believe In Value? : Valuing Toll Road Sub Sector Companies Listed On Idx
Authors: Hendrawan Riko , Ulya Ariful
Published: July 2023

The purpose of this to examining the intrinsic value of the shares of toll road operator companies in IDX in 2021. This research uses data from 2016 to 2020 to calculate the historical performance of each company and is projected from 2021 to 2025. We used pessimistic, moderate, and optimistic scenario. The method used is DCF method with FCFF approach and the calculation of the Relative Valuation method using PER and PBV approaches. The results based on the DCF-FCFF method showed that JSMR was overvalued for the pessimistic scenario and undervalued for the moderate and optimistic scenarios, while the calculation using the RV-PER method on JSMR showed that it was undervalued in the pessimistic and moderate scenarios and overvalued in the optimistic scenario. Also, based on the RV-PBV method, it showed undervalued in all scenarios. The DCF-FCFF results of CMNP issuers were undervalued in all scenarios, the RV-PER method was overvalued in all scenarios, and the RV-PBV were undervalued in all scenarios. Finally, META issuers were undervalued in the pessimistic scenario, and overvalued in the moderate and optimistic scenarios. RV-PER CMNP had undervalued results in the pessimistic scenario and overvalued in the moderate and optimistic scenarios, and the RV-PBV had undervalued results in the pessimistic scenario and overvalued in the moderate and optimistic scenarios.
Keywords : DCF, FCFF, PBV, PER
PERBANDINGAN NILAI KARAKTER NOBITA FILM STAND BY ME DENGAN KARAKTER JUDY FILM ZOOTOPIA
Authors: Jessika Maria Magdalena , Andarwati Titien Wahyu
Published: July 2023

Pendidikan merupakan paling utama untuk diajarkan dan diterima setiap anak, karena pendidikan tidak hanya mengajarkan tentang mengembangkan kemampuan dan mencerdaskan kehidupan bangsa melainkan juga membentuk karakter. Karakter merupakan ciri khas seseorang yang terbentuk pada lingkungannya. Pendidikan karakter bertujuan untuk menanamkan nilai-nilai karakter kepada setiap anak. Berdasarkan uraian diatas maka peneliti merumuskan sebagai berikut: 1) bagaimana nilai karakter Nobita dalam film Stand by Me?, 2) bagaimana nilai karakter Judy dalam film Zootopia?, 3) bagaimana persamaan dan perbedaan nilai karakter Nobita dan Judy dalam kedua film?. Film yang digunakan untuk penelitian yaitu doraemon Stand by Me dan film Zootopia. Penelitian ini menggunakan teori sastra bandingan untuk membandingkan film Stand by Me dan film Zootopia. Sastra bandingan merupakan studi yang membandingkan antara karya sastra dengan karya sastra lainnya. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan studi kepustakaan. Sumber data menggukan skrip Stand by me dan Zootopia. Data akan dianalisis menggunakan teori perbandingan tetap. Berdasarkan hasil analisis, dapat disimpulkan bahwa ditemukan dalam film doraemon Stand by Me yaitu nilai religius, jujur, disiplin, kerja keras, kreatif, mandiri, rasa ingin tahu, bersahabat, gemar membaca, peduli sosial, dan tanggung jawab. Serta film Zootopia ditemukan nilai religius, jujur, demokratis, kerja keras, kreatif, mandiri, cinta damai, semangat kebangsaan, rasa ingin tahu, menghargai prestasi, bersahabat, gemar membaca, peduli sosial dan tanggung jawab. Perbedaan ditemukan beberapa nlai yatu nilai religius, disiplin, dan nasionalis seperti nilai cinta damai, dan kebangsaan. Sedangkan persamaan kedua film ditemukan nilai jujur, kerja keras, mandiri, rasa ingin tahu, persahabatan, dan gemar membaca.

Kata kunci: film; nilai karakter; sastra bandingan; Stand by Me; Zootopia
KIGO DALAM HAIKU KOBAYASHI ISSA DENGAN PENDEKATAN SEMIOTIK
Authors: Milawati Ayunda Wasly , Suryawati Cicilia Tantri
Published: July 2023

Haiku memiliki keunikan makna di dalamnya, bentuknya pendek, tetapi dapat menyatakan makna keseluruhan melalui kigo. Penelitian ini membahas jenis kigo dan makna kigo yang terkandung dalam haiku karya Kobayashi Issa dengan pendekatan semiotik. Penelitian ini menggunakan teori jenis kigo menurut Higginson menyatakan bahwa kigo dibagi menjadi tujuh kategori, yaitu Jikou, tenmon, chiri, seikatsu, gyouji, doubutsu, shokubutsu. Sementara untuk makna kigo digunakan teori segitiga makna Pierce, makna kigo diklasifikasikan maknanya menjadi ikon, indeks, dan simbol. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kualitatif. Dalam penelitian ini, peneliti akan menganalisis makna kigo yang terkandung dalam haiku karya Kobayashin Issa dengan teori Semiotik. Data yang akan digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kigo yang terdapat dalam haiku karya Kobayashi Issa sebanyak 15 haiku yang diambil dari bulu kumpulan haiku yang ditulis oleh Yuzura Miura  diterbitkan oleh The Charles E. Tutle company tahun 1991 Tokyo. Berdasarkan  hasil analisis didapat simpulan sebagai berikut: Jenis kigo yang  ditemukan adalah kigo doubutsu, kigo tenmon, kigo seikatsu, kigo shokubutsu, kigo chiri, sedangkan kigo jikou dan gyouji tidak ditemukan. Makna kigo berdasarkan klasifikasi ditemukan bahwa kigo pada haiku Kobayashi Issa termasuk pada makna simbol dan indeks,  sementara makna secara ikon tidak ditemukan.

Kata Kunci : Haiku; Kigo; Kobayashi Issa; Semiotik
STRATEGI PENGUASAAN MAKNA LEKSIKON MEISHI PADA ANAK BERUSIA 5 TAHUN
Authors: Ingrida Rizka Nadia , Ainie Isnin
Published: July 2023

Pada umumnya, jenis leksikon yang paling banyak dikuasai anak adalah leksikon jenis meishi. Dalam hal ini usia 5 tahun termasuk dalam tahap praoperasional. Pada usia tersebut, kemampuan anak untuk menambah pembendaharaan kosakata sangat meningkat. Penelitian ini akan membahas tentang strategi penguasaan makna leksikon meishi pada anak berusia 5 tahun. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan jenis leksikon meishi dan strategi penguasaan makna leksikon meishi melalui komik berjudul Yotsubato! dengan tokoh utama Yotsuba Penelitian ini termasuk dalam penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil dari penelitian ini ditemukan 51 data pemerolehan leksikon meishi. Pada klasifikasi meishi ditemukan jenis futsuu meishii  dan koyuumeishi. Gutaiteki na mono merupakan kategori dalam futsuu meishii yang paling banyak ditemukan, yaitu sebanyak 30 data. Dalam menguasai makna leksikon, 6 strategi yang dikemukakan Gollinkof (dalam Dardjowidjojo, 2008:262-263) digunakan oleh tokoh Yotsuba dalam penelitian ini, antara lain strategi nama baru-kategori tak bernama (21 data), strategi referensi (16 data), strategi peluasan (5 data), strategi cakupan kategorial (4 data), strategi konvensionalitas (3 data), dan strategi cakupan objek (2 data). Dengan adanya penelitian ini, diketahui bahwa pada umumnya Yotsuba menguasai leksikon jenis meishi, khususnya yang berkaitan dengan kata benda konkret (gutaiteki na mono), dan dalam proses penguasaan makna pada kata benda konkret tersebut, Yotsuba banyak menggunakan strategi nama baru-kategori tak bernama.

Kata kunci: leksikon; pemerolehan; psikolinguistik; strategi; Yotsubato!
UPAYA MENCAPAI AKTUALISASI DIRI TOKOH KAIZAKI DALAM NASKAH DRAMA “RELIFE” KARYA YAYOISO DENGAN PENDEKATAN TEORI PSIKOLOGI HUMANISTIK
Authors: Hidayat Ryan Rahmad , Listyaningsih
Published: July 2023

Penelitian ini mengkaji tentang “Upaya Mencapai Aktualisasi Diri Tokoh Kaizaki Dalam Naskah Drama “RELIFE” Karya Yayoiso Dengan Pendekatan Teori Psikologi Humanistik”. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan pencapaian aktualisasi diri tokoh Kaizaki dalam naskah drama “RELIFE”. Permasalahan yang diteliti adalah (1) upaya mencapai aktualisasi diri tokoh Kaizaki, (2) ciri-ciri aktualisasi diri pada tokoh utama. Penelitian ini dikaji menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif. Sumber data yang digunakan adalah naskah drama “RELIFE” karya Yayoiso. Data dikumpulkan dengan metode kepustakaan. Data dianalisis menggunakan teori pendekatan psikologi humanistik milik Abraham Maslow untuk mengetahui upaya pencapaian aktualisasi diri, dan ciri-ciri individu yang telah mengaktualisasi diri. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah tokoh utama Kaizaki telah berhasil mencapai aktualisasi diri dengan memenuhi kebutuhan-kebutuhan dasar sesuai dengan hierarki kebutuhan. Selain itu tokoh Kaizaki memiliki 12 dari 13 ciri-ciri aktualisasi diri yang ada. Satu ciri yang tidak terdapat pada tokoh Kaizaki adalah ciri spontan, sederhana dan wajar.

Kata kunci: Aktualisasi diri; naskah drama ReLife; Psikologi Humanistik.
“Kudliwa imali, kudliwe umuntu”: In-school Adolescent Girls’ Experiences of Umqasho and Transactional Sex in a Rural Sub-District of Northern KwaZulu-Natal
Authors: Mfeka-Nkabinde Nompumelelo Gloria , Moletsane Relebohile , Voce Anna Silvia
Published: July 2023

This study examined the intersecting impact of structural inequalities and transactional sex on in-school adolescent girls’ risk of pregnancy and poor educational outcomes in rural northern KwaZulu-Natal. In this article, we understand structural inequalities as providing a basis for transactional relationships between adolescent girls and older men. Participatory visual research methods were employed with 18- and 19-year-old girls and boys to examine multiple systems of oppression and inequalities experienced by in-school rural adolescent girls, focusing particularly on their vulnerability to transactional sex, pregnancy and poor educational outcomes. In this context, moralising discourses on transactional sexual relationships are unhelpful if structural barriers placing girls at risk are not addressed.
A Trauma Reading of Isaiah 1–12 from the “Unity Movement” Perspective
Authors: Groenewald Alphonso , Esterhuizen Elizabeth
Published: July 2023

In this contribution we focus firstly on the “unity movement” which has changed the face of Isaianic studies over the last 30 or more years, having been characterised by the Duhmian interpretation of three separate books for nearly 100 years. The unity movement focusses on the book of Isaiah as a literary unity, but it does not deny the historical growth of this literary masterpiece which took place over centuries. Secondly, we give a brief overview of the use of trauma theory as a reading lens in biblical studies and its implication for reading the book of Isaiah in this manner. In the third part we focus on three themes which are important from the perspective of the unity of the book of Isaiah (specifically in Isaiah 1–12 which is the first major subsection within the larger composition of the book of Isaiah). These three themes are important for a trauma reading of the book of Isaiah, as will be indicated in this contribution: the concept of the we-group (remnant), the woe oracles, and the theme of the “day of YHWH // this day.” These themes are briefly dealt with within Isaiah 1–12, although they have major implications for a more detailed study of the book of Isaiah (read as a literary unity) from a trauma theoretical perspective.
PENGARUH PERTUMBUHAN UMKM, INDEKS KETERBUKAAN PERDAGANGAN, PERTUMBUHAN PENDAPATAN
PER KAPITA, DAN INDEKS PEMBANGUNAN MANUSIA TERHADAP PENGENTASAN KEMISKINAN DI 5 NEGARA
ASEAN
Authors: Lamaile Ernestus Florian
Published: July 2023

This study aims to analyze the effect of MSME Growth, Trade Openness Index, Per
Capita Income Growth, dan Human Development Index on Poverty Alleviation in 5 ASEAN
Countries with the research period 2014-2019. The population of this study is poverty as
measured in the proportion of the population below the poverty line. This study uses the
Panel Data method, and the results show that there is no significant relationship
between MSME Growth and Poverty Alleviation. Meanwhile, there is a significant
relationship between the Trade Openness Index, Per Capita Income Growth, and the Human
Development Index on Poverty Alleviation in 5 ASEAN Countries
Apremilast in the Management of Generalized Granuloma Annulare: A Case Series
Authors: Nesvik Jazmine , Marshall Leslie , Cleaver David , Cleaver Jonathan , Cleaver Lloyd
Published: July 2023

Background: Granuloma annulare is a difficult disease to treat and can lead to anxiety and frustration for both patients and providers. The pathogenesis of granuloma annulare is unknown, resulting in few thoroughly studied or consistently effective treatments.

Objective: 1) To discuss whether treatment with apremilast could lead to improvement or resolution of generalized granuloma annulare. 2) To explore the possible pathogenesis of granuloma annulare and the mechanism of apremilast in treating this disease.

Methods: A case series was used to study the clinical response of 6 patients with a history of recalcitrant generalized granuloma annulare taking apremilast 30mg twice daily.

Results: Two patients achieved complete clearance of their disease without recurrence while the remaining 4 patients achieved significant improvement in lesion number, induration, and erythema.

Limitations: This is a small case series and larger, controlled trials with long-term follow-up are needed. There is no objective method for evaluating the extent of disease improvement in granuloma annulare. Furthermore, our patients used concomitant topical and intralesional steroids while on apremilast.

Conclusion: This case series illustrates a novel therapy, apremilast, a phosphodiesterase-4 inhibitor, in the treatment of patients with generalized granuloma annulare and explores possible mechanisms behind the success of this treatment.
A Suspected Case of Imported Yaws in New York
Authors: Moloney Mairead , Teplitz Rebeca , How Brian , Sirota-Rozenberg Suzanne
Published: July 2023

Introduction: Yaws is an endemic non-venereal treponematoses, which is caused by Treponema pallidum, subspecies pertenue and is spread from person-to-person through direct skin contact with an infected lesion. Yaws causes a chronic skin infection that is characterized by papillomas and ulcers and if left untreated can be disfiguring and debilitating. Cases typically occur in warm, humid, tropical climates and cases are commonly seen in children under 15 years old. However, due to migration, cases can be seen outside of its endemic region.

Case Description: We present a case of a 39-year-old African American male who presented with painless bilateral ulcers on his dorsal feet that began as blisters approximately 1-2 weeks prior to presentation at our clinic. Our patient had recent travel history to Jamaica and reported potential sources of trauma to his feet by walking barefoot on the beach and roofing in sandals prior to onset. These findings led to the clinical diagnosis of Yaws. A regimen of azithromycin and basic wound care led to significant improvement.

Discussion: Non-venereal endemic treponematoses, such as Yaws, are typically not seen outside of their endemic region. However, due to migration and the ease of travel non-venereal endemic treponematoses can be found elsewhere and it is important for healthcare workers to keep these diseases on their differential, especially in a patient with travel history. After making the diagnosis of Yaws, proper treatment and basic wound care can result in rapid significant improvement and prevent the progression of Yaws lesions to the subsequent stage.
Case of Generalized Granuloma Annulare Treated with Low Dose Naltrexone + PUVA
Authors: Gladys Taylor , Kim Taehan , Beatty Colleen J , Choudhary Sonal
Published: July 2023

Granuloma annulare (GA) is a common, noninfectious granulomatous skin condition that usually presents in its localized form, characterized by flesh-colored to erythematous papules coalescing into annular plaques without scale, commonly on the dorsal hands. Lesions can be pruritic and often resolve without treatment in two years. However, the generalized form of GA has a lower incidence and presents with similar morphology, but with >10 lesions in a widespread distribution. Generalized GA is known to be more symptomatic, longer-lasting, and recalcitrant to treatment. The diagnosis is made based on clinicopathological correlation with palisading granulomas around degenerated collagen in the dermis, mucin, and infiltrative lymphocytes and histiocytes. Treatment remains challenging as evidence is limited to case reports, case series, and a few retrospective studies. Here we present the case of a 59-year-old Caucasian female with pruritic rash that began on her abdomen and spread to her extremities over two months. Biopsy revealed superficial histiocytic infiltrates palisading around eosinophilic areas of altered collagen, multiple multinucleate giant cells with elastophagocytosis and lymphohistiocytic perivascular infiltrates, and mucin in the dermis on colloidal iron staining. Overall, this was consistent with generalized GA. The patient was started on a combination of low dose naltrexone (LDN) and psoralen and ultraviolet A (PUVA) therapy. At a five-month follow up visit, she demonstrated near complete resolution of symptoms without any serious adverse effects.
Oral Jak Inhibitor Upadacitinib Use in Treatment of Pemphigus Foliaceus
Authors: Guenin Sophie , Shah Syed , Lebwohl Mark
Published: July 2023

Pemphigus foliaceus (PF) is a rare, blistering autoimmune condition that occurs when desmoglein-1 autoantibodies target and lead to loss of intercellular connections, resulting in blister formation on the skin. Current standard of care consists of highly immunosuppressive therapies such as prednisone, rituximab, and mycophenolate mofetil. A 43-year-old male with new-onset PF was treated with upadacitinib, a JAK inhibitor. He saw resolution of his blisters within 12 weeks of treatment and remains in remission from his PF. Our case demonstrates that JAK inhibition may prove to be an effective strategy in preventing dsg-1-triggered blisters. JAK1 inhibitors also may prove to be a safer, less immunosuppressive alternative to the highly immunosuppressive agents available today. Larger studies will be required to study the drug’s efficacy in others with PF.
Cryoglobulinemia Type I in Patient with History of Monoclonal Gammopathy of Unknown Significance: A Case Report
Authors: Mathis Alexandra , Marrone Samantha
Published: July 2023

Cryoglobulinemia is a form of vasculitis causing inflammation of the blood vessels due to aggregated proteins that clump together at cold temperatures, causing damage to skin, muscles, nerves, and other organs. An elderly black female presented with superficial ulceration with overlying eschar within areas of retiform purpura of her bilateral thighs present for 8 months. She was previously diagnosed with vaso-occlusive disease before presenting to our clinic for further evaluation and management. Upon investigation, we have concluded that the patient has cryoglobulinemia type I.
Scalp, eyebrow, and eyelash hair regrowth with continued ritlecitinib treatment among patients with alopecia areata without target efficacy response at Week 24: post hoc analysis of the ALLEGRO phase 2b/3 study
Authors: Senna Maryanna , Forman Seth , Bordone Lindsey , De La Cueva Dobao Pablo , Wolk Robert , Zwillich Samuel , Zhang Fan , Mohamed Ahmed Haytham , Takiya Liza
Published: July 2023

Background: This post hoc analysis of the ALLEGRO phase 2b/3 study (NCT03732807) assessed response to ritlecitinib, an oral JAK3/TEC family kinase inhibitor, between Weeks 28-48 among patients with alopecia areata (AA) who did not meet target efficacy response criteria at Week 24.

Methods: Patients aged ≥12 years with AA and ≥50% scalp hair loss received daily ritlecitinib 10 mg (included for dose ranging only), 30 or 50 mg (±4-week 200-mg daily loading dose), or placebo for 24 weeks. After Week 24, ritlecitinib groups continued their assigned doses and the placebo group switched to ritlecitinib 200/50 or 50 mg through Week 48. This analysis included patients receiving ritlecitinib 30 or 50 mg (±4-week 200-mg daily loading dose) who had not responded at Week 24, based on Severity of Alopecia Tool (SALT) score ≤20 (≤20% scalp without hair), SALT score ≤10, or eyebrow (EBA) or eyelash (ELA) assessment (normal or ≥2-grade improvement from baseline among patients with abnormal EBA or ELA score at baseline), and followed them through Week 48.

Results: Of the patients in the ritlecitinib groups who did not meet SALT ≤20 response at Week 24, 5-8% had response at Week 28, with rates increasing to 22-34% at Week 48. A similar trend was observed for SALT ≤10 (6-12% and 20-25%), EBA (8-14% and 20-33%), and ELA (4-15% and 17-30%) at Weeks 28 and 48, respectively, for patients not achieving the respective response at Week 24. Ritlecitinib was well tolerated through Week 48. Most common adverse events were upper respiratory tract infection, nasopharyngitis, and headache.

Conclusion: Patients with AA treated with ritlecitinib who don’t meet target efficacy response at Week 24 may achieve response at later time points with continued ritlecitinib treatment.
Antibacterial and Antifungal Potential of Berberine Isolated from Stem of Berberis aristata DC
Authors: Saumya Das , Kumar Das M. , . Anamika
Published: July 2023

Background: This research was conducted to evaluate berberine as an isolated bioactive compound from Berberis aristata DC for its activity against microbial infections. To examine the antibacterial activity using ethanol hot extraction procedure to verify the medicinal use of B. aristata DC in infection control and qualitatively estimate the phytochemical composition of the plant stem extract. Objective: To isolate a bioactive phytoconstituent from B. aristata DC for its antimicrobial efficacy in managing human infections. Methods: The antibacterial activity of berberine derived from the stem extract was examined against gram-ve and +ve multi-drug resistance examined by diffusion method using an agar-well isolated from the stem extract was examine by the agar-well using a 96-well microtitre plate. The minimum inhibitory concentration was calculated against each bacterium using both the microtitre plate technique and broth dilution of berberine Results: The appearance of alkaloids in the methanol extract of the stems was demonstrated. The pathogenic bacteria used were Shigella sp., Escherichia coli, including some more standard bacterial strains. These multi-drug resistant (MDR) bacteria were reported with bacterial inhibition capability when methanol was used as a solvent. In addition, the effect of berberine against Shigella sp. was the maximum inhibition zone size (1.25 cm). Ciprofloxacin 30 μg/disc served as the reference/ +ve control, whereas 10% dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) was the -ve control. These chosen bacteria were reported minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of berberine values ranging from 200 to 1000 μg/mL. Conclusions: B. aristata DC stem extract berberine showed antibacterial properties using hot methanol against all bacteria. In alternative and complementary medicine, berberine is used to treat diseases caused by many strain of bacteria.
Fabrication and Characterization of Tolnaftate Loaded Topical Nanoemulgel for the Treatment of Onychomycosis
Authors: S Nagalakshmi , DS Tejas , M Yamini , ZN Taaha , RL Monisha , G Anumita , K Logeswaran
Published: July 2023

The core objective of this work was to formulate nanoemulgel containing tolnaftate loaded for sustained delivery of the treatment of onychomycosis. Onychomycosis was not regarded as a serious infection until quite recently. The oral antifungal therapy for onychomycosis usually lasts long and brings a set of adverse effects, especially hepato-toxicity and drug interactions. The incidence of onychomycosis in with more prevalent in warm humid climates topical therapy is usually prescribed only in mild cases. It prevails among around 5% of the total world population and affects toenails much more than fingernails. The incidence of onychomycosis with more prevalent in warm humid climates so an attempt has been made to develop nanoemulsion containing tolnaftate. Formulations were optimized by factorial design. Developed formulations were evaluated and characterized for drug content-96.72, in-vitro release study-68.42%, SEM study. Based on the drug content, in-vitro release study, and SEM study, the optimized formulation was converted into nanoemulgel. The developed topical nanoemulgel was evaluated for the determination of pH 6.60, determination of spreadability 17.77 g.cm/sec, measurement of viscosity 12350 cp, drug content Study 96.52%, in-vitro drug release study 70.42% found to be effective and producing a sustained effect.
Ultrasonic and Electrophysiological Evaluation of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome in Diabetic and Non-diabetic Subjects
Authors: Shalal Nadia M. , Hasan Affan E. , Hasan Sheelan MS.
Published: July 2023

Background: Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is the most prevalent upper-limb entrapped neuropathy. A nerve conduction study (NCS) is the simplest method for identifying CTS when combined with a satisfactory clinical assessment and physical assessment. Ultrasound is a beneficial non-traumatic screening approach for CTS and there is a relationship between the NCS tests and the measures of CSA by ultrasound. Objective: to assess whether or not sonographic observations of the median nerve seems to be varied amongst DM and non-DM CTS individual. Patients and methods: The total of 50 non-DM Individuals with CTS and 50 DM individuals with CTS have been included in this study. All individuals were submitted to full medical assessment NCS testing the hands and sonogram US for assessment of cross-sectional area CSA and wrist forearm ratio (WFR). Results: Total 100 affected wrists with CTS are classified as 30 (60.0%) wrists with mild disease, 11 (22.0%) wrists that demonstrated moderate disease and 9 (18.0%) wrists had a severe disease in diabetic CTS patients and 23 (46.0%) wrist mild disease, 20 (40.0%)wrist show moderate disease, 7 (14.0%) wrist had a severe disease in non-diabetic CTS patient. The mean of the median nerve CSA was (0.14+0.03), (0.15+0.04) in diabetic and non-diabetic CTS individuals, respectively with no significant difference between the two groups. In contrast, the wrist-forearm ratio demonstrates a significant difference between the two groups. Conclusion: The CSA of the median nerve is greater in CTS wrists through both DM and non-DM individuals with no significant difference. The mean wrist-forearm ratio was less in diabetic patients than in non-diabetic with a significant difference. Pairing NCS with US imaging gives effective assessment methods for the CTS hands in individuals with and without diabetes.
Development of Validated Stability Indicating HPTLC Method for Estimation of Febuxostat in Bulk and Tablet Dosage Form by Using QBD Approach
Authors: Kharate Vrushali , Kuchekar Mohini , Harde Minal , Pimple Bhushan , Patole Vinita , Salunkhe Manisha , Wadgave Pooja , Bhise Manish , Gaikwad Asmita , Tare Harshal
Published: July 2023

Objective: Development of a simple, reliable, time-tested, stability-focused HPTLC method for determining febuxostat (FEB) in bulk and pharmaceutical formulation.Methods: Chloroform, methanol, and formic acid (6.7:2.9:0.1v/v/v) served as the mobile phase, and precoated aluminum TLC plates served as the stationary phase. Active drug FEB was subjected to a densitometric measurement (absorbance mode at 312 nm). The present study performed a comprehensive stress test of FEBas per ICH Q1A(R2) guidelines. FEB has undergone forced degradation by acid, alkali (0.5N HCl and NaOH), oxidative (3% H2O2), H2O and photolytic effect. Results: Calibration plots using HPTLC linear regression analysis indicated a strong correlation (r2 = 0.999) between concentrations from 150 to 900 ng/spot. Accuracy, recoverability, robustness, and documentation are some of the aspects of the method that have been verified. The LoD was 189 ng and the LoQ was 395 ng per location. FEB was not degraded under acid, UV, water, peroxide and photolytic conditions but showed degradation under alkaline conditions. Conclusion: Stability studies and quantification of FEB in bulk and pharmaceutical dose forms by QBD methodology have both been shown to benefit from the suggested HPTLC method. This technique can be utilized as a stability indicator because it successfully isolates the medication from the degradation product.
Role of higB-higA Novel Genes in Antibiotics Resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Authors: A. Ali Aysar , G. Sweedan Enass
Published: July 2023

Background: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a devious pathogen with the tendency to prompt many acute and serious chronic diseases. This study aims to detect novel genes (Toxins-Antitoxins II system), especially; higB and higA encoded from P. aeruginosa by PCR technique and the relation between these genes and antibiotic resistance of P. aeruginosa. Methods: This study detected 50 isolates of P. aeruginosa from distinct clinical sources. The most common origin of isolates was (44%) burn swabs, (22%) urine culture, (12%) wound swabs, (14%) sputum, and (8%) ear swabs. The bacteria were isolated using implantation MacConkey agar and blood agar, as well as biochemical tests including oxidase test, catalase test then VITEK-2 System of P. aeruginosa isolates was improved a final identification. While the determination of sensitivity to antibiotics by using the ASST-VITEK2 compact system method. Genotypic detection was carried out using conventional polymerase chain reaction for higB and higA.Also sequencing of products for higB-higA genes were detected.Results: The results revealed that 82% of isolates have novel genes higB in 823pb while only 30% have higA in 712pb have this gene. This study discovered correlations among toxins-antitoxins II (higB-higA ) genes and resistance to antibiotics in P. aeruginosa with significant when (p
Exploiting the Diazotization Reaction of 8-hydroxyquinoline for Determination of Metoclopramide-hydrochloric acid in Pharmaceutical Preparations
Authors: Aljeboree Aseel M. , Mohammed Faraj , Jawad Mohammed A. , Alkaim Ayad F.
Published: July 2023

A sample, fast, precise and accurate spectrophotometric method to the quantitative determination of metoclopramide hydrochloride (MCP) in pure and pharmaceutical preparations, a simple, sensitive and high-purity method has been developed. This method is based on the diazotization of the primary amine group of metoclopramide hydrochloride by reaction hydrochloric acid with sodium nitrite followed by conjugation in an alkaline medium with 8-hydroxyquinoline against the reagent blank. The effect of several acids like hydrochloric, nitric, phosphoric, and sulfuriHc acid. That found hydrochloric acid the most excellent acid, to give the maximum absorption and sensitivity and the best volume NaNO2 solution about 1 and 3 mL of an 8-hydroxyquinoline reagent gives high intensity and stability to the color formed, also azo dye give a maximum absorption and best sensitivity after 10 minutes and the color remains stable about 1-hour. Where the concentration range was 1-20 mg/L, it was found that it obeys law Beer-Lambert correlation coefficient (R2 =0.9997). They have a detection limit LoD (0.274 μg mL-1) and limit of Quantitation LoQ (0.915 μg mL-1), respectively. This method has also been used in many pharmaceutical preparations (capsules, tablets and syrup) to determine the drug metoclopramide.
Overview on Solid Lipid Nanoparticle for Topical Delivery and its Inevitable Applications
Authors: TD Nandgude , PS Parakhe , RK Mishra
Published: July 2023

Solid lipid nanoparticle is a novel approach for topical drug delivery. As lipids used in preparation of solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) will also get absorbed in skin layers, enhancing permeation across the biological membranes. For the stability of SLN dispersion, several surfactants were used. Mechanism incorporating for the preparation of SLN also impacts particle size and stability. Since the mechanism of SLN through the biological membrane is still under research as it may follow various skin penetration pathways. This review suggests the various method of preparation, common pathways of skin permeation, lipids and surfactant utilized in the production of SLN.
A Comprehensive Review of Deflazacort with Special Reference to Pharmacological Profile and Pharmaceutical Validation Processes
Authors: Pund Swati , Changediya Vaibhav , Rajurkar Vikas
Published: July 2023

Deflazacort is a prednisolone-derived immunosuppressant and anti-inflammatory. It controls cytokines and immune cell development. It may increase muscle cell proliferation and reduce muscle breakdown to enhance Duchenne muscular dystrophy muscle strength and function. Pharmaceutical companies aim to produce high-quality drugs at low prices. Pharmaceutical formulation discovery, development, and evaluation require validated methods. Validation ensures quality and reliability throughout the manufacturing process. The validation procedure evaluates accuracy, specificity, precision, and system applicability to guarantee the analytical technique used to analyze medicine-related samples is reliable. This paper describes the deflazacort technique development and validation. Google Scholar, Pub-Med, and Shodganga are utilized to gather information.
A Validated, Fast and Simple, Simultaneous Determination of Captopril and Telmisartan in Laboratory Prepared Mixture for Use in Haemodialysis Patients Suffering from Inflammation
Authors: Rana Hiren , Dayaramani Richa , Patadiya Nikunj
Published: July 2023

Captopril and telmisartan are widely used anti-hypertensive drugs, and their fixed dose combination is under phase IV trials. In the present study, spectrophotometry and RP-HPLC methods were successfully developed and validated per standard regulations. In UV spectrophotometry method concentrations of captopril and telmisartan in a synthetic mixture prepared in the laboratory were determined using the simultaneous equation method. The linearity was found 8 to 40 μg/mL for captopril and 5 to 25 μg/mL for telmisartan. The R2 (Coefficient of Correlation) value was found to be 0.999 for both drugs. The %assays of the conc. of captopril and telmisartan in synthetic mixture were found in an acceptable range. In the RP-HPLC method %assay was found to be 100.05 and 100.16% with %RSD value of 0.34 and 0.58 for captopril and telmisartan, respectively. The proposed UV and RP-HPLC method simultaneous estimation of captopril and telmisartan has potential application for qualitative identification as well as quantitative determination.
Development and Validation of HPLC Method for Estimation of Some Active Analytes in Combined Dosage form an Application to In-vitro Dissolution Studies
Authors: Deshmukh Mayuri N. , Uplanchiwar Vaibhav P. , Thakare Vinod M. , Mane Namrata S. , Gaikwad Sanjana N. , Dighade Narendra R. , Mehta Hina D. , Bakal Ravi , Umate Prashant
Published: July 2023

This paper describes a new, simple, accurate and economical method of development and validation of HPLC method for the assessment of dicyclomine hydrochloride with omeprazol magnesium combine dosage form. The method development trial was carried out initially using C8 (100×0.46×3.5 μm) and C18 GraceSmart (250×4.6×5 μm) as stationary phase and acetate buffer (pH 4.5) and methanol as mobile phase in proportion 60:40v/v. The optimized conditions of factors were sample size 50 μL and wavelength (λmax) 215 nm. The developed method was then applied to in-vitro dissolution studies for the dicyclomine hydrochloride and omeprazole magnesium. As per ICH guidelines, stability testing was done. The estimated method can be used to analyze the pharma industries’ products.
Investigation of the Effects of Chia-fortified Basisa on Diabetic Patients
Authors: Manjil Wedad M. A. , Ilowefah Muna A. , Ismail Hanen B. , Algboory Hussein L.
Published: July 2023

It suggested that phytochemicals found in cereals, legumes and chia possess several health effects. Consequently, this study aimed to investigate the influences of chia-fortified basisa on type II diabetes, total cholesterol and triglycerides. Urea, creatinine, blood pressure and body mass index were also determined. Basisa is a cereal-legumes food that were prepared using wheat, chickpea, lentils, fenugreek, turmeric and cumin in measured ratios. Chia powder was added to basisa by 5 and 10%. The participants were diabetic (type II) with cholesterol and triglycerides elevation. They were divided into three groups according to the chia powder (0, 5 and 10%) used. The study were conducted for 90 days. The results indicated that groups who had basisa with chia had significantly (p ˂ 0.01) low levels of HbA1c, cholesterol, LDL, triglycerides, BMI and blood pressure compared to the control groups after 90 days of the study. Urea and creatinine levels were increased; however, their levels were still in the normal range. It can be concluded chia powder enhanced the positive effects of basisa on chronic diseases and obesity.
Design and Development of Analytical Method for Deflazacort Estimation: A Robust HPLC Approach
Authors: Pund Swati , Changediya Vaibhav , Rajurkar Vikas
Published: July 2023

The data show that the RP-HPLC method can accurately determine the amount of deflazacort (DEF) in compound. Validation of procedure followed ICH standards. The wavelength of estimation for deflazacort was 266 nm. Linearity was found to be 20 to 100 μg/mL for deflazacort. The %recovery for deflazacort was found to be 80 to 120%. Intraday precision of deflazacort was found to be 0.069 to 0.168% RSD. Interday precision found to be 0.0156 and 0.176% RSD .