bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
FATORES DE RISCO DA POLIFARMÁCIA SOB A ÓTICA DO PACIENTE IDOSO
Authors: Freitas Agaliston Martins de Sousa , Silva Núbia Rosa da , Ferreira Tairo Vieira
Published: September 2023

Polifarmácia é o uso simultâneo de múltiplos medicamentos por um paciente, geralmente com o objetivo de tratar diferentes condições de saúde.No idoso, múltiplos fatores devem ser analisados como consequência do próprio processo de envelhecimento, sendo a polifarmácia um fator de grande preocupação para os profissionais de farmácia, uma vez que tomar dois ou mais medicamentos diariamente pode interferir na qualidade de vida do paciente além de efeitos colaterais diversos. O presente artigo é uma pesquisa bibliográfica que tem por objetivo analisar o uso abusivo de medicamentos em idosos, além de realizar uma busca quanto ao processo de envelhecimento e suas consequências tanto físicas quanto psicológicas; discutir quanto a demanda excessiva ao uso de medicamentos na sociedade no contexto geral e suas causas e os atributos dos profissionais farmacêuticos, tudo em consonância com questões voltadas à polifarmácia. Observou-se que o farmacêutico é um dos principais responsáveis por fornecer conhecimento a essas pessoas, bem como controlar a forma de tomar esses medicamentos para que um não interfira na resposta do outro, causando assim mais problemas de saúde.
An ensemble method for improving the estimation of planetary boundary layer height from radiosonde data
Authors: Chen Xi , Yang Ting , Wang Zifa , Wang Futing , Wang Haibo
Published: September 2023

Abstract. The planetary boundary layer (PBL) height (PBLH) is an important parameter for weather, climate, and air quality models. Radiosonde is one of the most commonly used instruments for PBLH determination and is generally accepted as a standard for other methods. However, mainstream approaches for the estimation of PBLH from radiosonde present some uncertainties and even show disadvantages under some circumstances, and the results need to be visually verified, especially during the transition period of different PBL regimes. To avoid the limitations of individual methods and provide a benchmark estimation of PBLH, we propose an ensemble method based on high-resolution radiosonde data collected in Beijing in 2017. Seven existing methods including four gradient-based methods are combined along with statistical modification. The ensemble method is verified at 08:00, 14:00, and 20:00 Beijing time (BJT = UTC+8), respectively. The overestimation of PBLH can be effectively eliminated by setting thresholds for gradient-based methods, and the inconsistency between individual methods can be reduced by clustering. Based on the statistics of a 1-year observational analysis, the effectiveness (E) of the ensemble method reaches up to 62.6 %, an increase of 6.5 %–53.0 % compared to the existing methods. Nevertheless, the ensemble method suffers to some extent from uncertainties caused by the consistent overestimation of PBLH, the profiles with a multi-layer structure, and the intermittent turbulence in the stable boundary layer (SBL). Finally, this method has been applied to characterize the diurnal and seasonal variations of different PBL regimes. Particularly, the average convective boundary layer (CBL) height is found to be the highest in summer, and the SBL is lowest in summer with about 200 m. The average PBLH at the transition stage lies around 1100 m except in winter. These findings imply that the ensemble method is reliable and effective.
Comment on “A universally applicable method of calculating confidence bands for ice nucleation spectra derived from droplet freezing experiments” by Fahy et al. (2022)
Authors: Vali Gabor
Published: September 2023

Abstract. The analysis methods in Fahy et al. (2022) and their interpretation of experiments with water drops containing ice-nucleating particles raise some technical issues and prompt a discussion of the principles involved in the use of differential spectra.
The response of wildfire regimes to Last Glacial Maximum carbon dioxide and climate
Authors: Haas Olivia , Prentice Iain Colin , Harrison Sandy P.
Published: September 2023

Abstract. Climate and fuel availability jointly control the incidence of wildfires.
The effects of atmospheric CO2 on plant growth influence fuel
availability independently of climate, but the relative importance of each
in driving large-scale changes in wildfire regimes cannot easily be
quantified from observations alone. Here, we use previously developed
empirical models to simulate the global spatial pattern of burnt area, fire
size, and fire intensity for modern and Last Glacial Maximum (LGM;
∼ 21 000 ka) conditions using both realistic changes in
climate and CO2 and sensitivity experiments to separate their
effects. Three different LGM scenarios are used to represent the range of
modelled LGM climates. We show large, modelled reductions in burnt area at
the LGM compared to the recent period, consistent with the sedimentary
charcoal record. This reduction was predominantly driven by the effect of
low CO2 on vegetation productivity. The amplitude of the reduction
under low-CO2 conditions was similar regardless of the LGM climate
scenario and was not observed in any LGM scenario when only climate effects
were considered, with one LGM climate scenario showing increased burning
under these conditions. Fire intensity showed a similar sensitivity to
CO2 across different climates but was also sensitive to changes in
vapour pressure deficit (VPD). Modelled fire size was reduced under LGM
CO2 in many regions but increased under LGM climates because of changes
in wind strength, dry days (DDs), and diurnal temperature range (DTR). This
increase was offset under the coldest LGM climate in the northern latitudes
because of a large reduction in VPD. These results emphasize the fact that
the relative magnitudes of changes in different climate variables influence
the wildfire regime and that different aspects of climate change can have
opposing effects. The importance of CO2 effects imply that future
projections of wildfire must take rising CO2 into account.
Abrupt warming and alpine glacial retreat through the last deglaciation in Alaska interrupted by modest Northern Hemisphere cooling
Authors: Tulenko Joseph P. , Briner Jason P. , Young Nicolas E. , Schaefer Joerg M.
Published: September 2023

Abstract. Alpine glacier-based temperature reconstructions spanning the last deglaciation provide critical constraints on local-to-regional climate change and have been reported from several formerly glaciated regions around the world yet remain sparse from high northern latitude regions. Using newly and previously 10Be-dated moraines, we report paleo-glacier equilibrium line altitudes (ELA) for 15 time slices spanning the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) to the Little Ice Age (LIA) for a valley in the western Alaska Range. We translate our ELA reconstructions into a proxy for summer temperature by applying a dry adiabatic lapse rate at each reconstructed ELA relative to the outermost LIA moraine. We observe ~4 °C warming through the last deglaciation at our site that took place in two steps following initial gradual warming: ~1.5 °C abrupt warming at 16 ka, ~2 kyr after global CO2 rise, and ~2 °C warming at ~15 ka, near the start of the Bølling. Moraine deposition and modest summer cooling during Heinrich Stadial 1 and the early Younger Dryas (YD) suggest that despite these events expressing more strongly in wintertime, the classic blueprint of North Atlantic climate variability extends to the western Arctic region.
Application of the creeping flow restoration method to an analogue model
Authors: Schuh-Senlis Melchior , Caumon Guillaume , Cupillard Paul
Published: September 2023

Abstract. Structural restoration is commonly used to assess the deformation of geological structures and to reconstruct past basin geometries. For this, most methods use numerical simulations to compute the deformation of geological models from a chosen deformation mechanism for each geological layer, and conditions applied on the boundaries depending on geological knowledge. For example, geomechanical restoration classically uses elastic motion, considers faults as frictionless contact surfaces, and imposes boundary conditions such as interface flattening to estimate the paleo-deformation. To bring more physical behavior and better handle large deformations, we use a reverse time Stokes-based method with negative time step advection. In order to test the method on complex models including various rheology and faults, we apply it to an analogue experiment model. We first show that reasonable restored geometries can be obtained using classical kinematic boundary conditions. We then show that it is possible to relax the imposed kinematic conditions and replace them by more physical boundary conditions. These conditions, however, imply a larger impact of the material properties on the restoration results. Finally, we show that relaxing the boundary conditions and using the previous imposed conditions as choice criteria allows both the assessment of the value of the effective material properties, and the improvement of the restoration results.
Evaluation of WRF 4.5.1 surface layer scheme representation of temperature inversions over boreal forests
Authors: Maillard Julia , Raut Jean-Christophe , Ravetta François
Published: September 2023

Abstract. In this study, the Noah Land Surface Model used in conjunction with the Mellor-Janjić-Yamada surface layer scheme (hereafter, Noah-MYJ) and the Noah MultiPhysics scheme (Noah-MP) from the WRF 4.5.1 meso-scale model are evaluated with regards to their performance in reproducing positive temperature gradients over forested areas in the Arctic winter. First, simplified versions of the WRF schemes, recoded in Python, are compared with conceptual models of the surface layer in order to gain insight into the dependence of the temperature gradient on the wind speed at the top of the surface layer. It is shown that the WRF schemes place strong limits on the turbulent collapse, leading to lower surface temperature gradient at low wind speeds than in the conceptual models. We implemented modifications to the WRF schemes to correct this effect. The original and modified versions of Noah-MYJ and Noah-MP are then evaluated compared to long-term measurements at the Ameriflux Poker Flats Research Range, a forest site in Interior Alaska. Noah-MP is found to perform better than Noah-MYJ because the former is a 2-layer model which explicitly takes into account the effect of the forest canopy. Indeed a non-negligible temperature gradient is maintained below the canopy at high wind speeds, leading to overall larger gradients than in the absence of vegetation. Furthermore, the modified versions are found to perform better than the original versions of each scheme because they better reproduce strong temperature gradients at low wind speeds.
Improving Runoff Simulation in the Western United States with Noah-MP and VIC
Authors: Su Lu , Lettenmaier Dennis P. , Pan Ming , Bass Benjamin
Published: September 2023

Abstract. Streamflow forecasts are critical for water and environmental management, especially in the water-short Western U.S.. Land Surface Models (LSMs), such as the Variable Infiltration Capacity (VIC) model and the Noah-Multiparameterization (Noah-MP) play an essential role in providing comprehensive runoff forecasts across the region. Virtually all LSMs require parameter estimation to optimize their predictive capabilities. We describe a systematic calibration of parameters for VIC and Noah-MP over 263 river basins in the Western U.S., and distribution of the calibrated parameters over the entire region. Post-calibration results showed a notable improvement in model accuracy in the calibration basins: the median daily streamflow Kling-Gupta Efficiency (KGE) for VIC rose from 0.37 to 0.70, and for Noah-MP, from 0.22 to 0.54. Employing the donor-basin regionalization method, we developed transfer relationships to hydrologically similar basins and extended the calibrated parameters to ungauged basins and the entire region. We assessed factors that influence calibration efficiency and model performance using regional parameter estimates. We evaluated high and low flow simulation capabilities of the two models and observed marked improvements after calibration and regionalization. We also generated gridded parameter sets for both models across all 4816 HUC-10 basins in the Western U.S., a data set that is intended to support regional hydrologic studies and hydrologic climate change assessments.
Extensional fault geometry and evolution within rifted margin hyper-extended continental crust leading to mantle exhumation and allochthon formation
Authors: Gómez-Romeu Júlia , Kusznir Nick
Published: September 2023

Abstract. Seismic reflection interpretation at magma-poor rifted margins shows that crustal thinning within the hyper-extended domain occurs by in-sequence oceanward extensional faulting which terminates in a sub-horizontal reflector in the top-most mantle immediately beneath tilted crustal fault blocks. This sub-horizontal reflector is interpreted to be a detachment surface which develops sequentially with oceanward in-sequence crustal faulting. We investigate the geometry and evolution of active and inactive extensional faulting due to flexural isostatic rotation during magma-poor margin hyper-extension using a recursive adaptation of the rolling hinge model of Buck (1988) and compare modelling results with the seismic interpretation. In the case of progressive in-sequence faulting, we show that sub-horizontal reflectors imaged on seismic reflection data can be generated by the flexural isostatic rotation of faults with initially high-angle geometry. Flexural isostatic rotation produces shallowing of emergent fault angles, fault locking and the development of new high-angle short-cut fault segments within the hanging-wall. This results in the transfer and isostatic rotation of triangular pieces of hanging-wall onto exhumed fault footwall, forming extensional allochthons which our modelling predicts are typically limited to a few km in lateral extent and thickness. While earthquake seismology favours a planar fault geometry with in the brittle seismogenic crust, seismic reflection imaging suggests a more listric geometry. Our modelling results show that a sequence of extensional listric or planar faults with identical parameters (i.e. location, heave, surface dip, Te) produce very similar sea-bed bathymetric relief. Listric and planar fault geometries do however produce distinct Moho and allochthon shapes. We propose that the initial fault geometry, prior to flexural isostatic rotation, is planar in the seismogenic crust becoming listric at depth as the brittle plastic transition is approached. Extensional faulting and thinning of hyper-extended continental crust may eventually lead to mantle exhumation. Where extensional faulting is in-sequence, this results in a smooth bathymetric transition from thinned continental crust to exhumed mantle. In contrast out-of- sequence faulting results in a transition to exhumed mantle with bathymetric relief.
Technical note: Novel analytical solution for groundwater response to atmospheric tides
Authors: Bastias Espejo Jose M. , Turnadge Chris , Crosbie Russell S. , Blum Philipp , Rau Gabriel C.
Published: September 2023

Abstract. Subsurface hydraulic and geomechanical properties can be estimated from well water level responses to Earth and atmospheric tides. However, the limited availability of analytical solutions restricts the applicability of this approach to realistic field conditions. We present a new and rigorous analytical solution for modeling flow between a subsurface–well system caused by harmonic atmospheric loading. We integrate this into a comprehensive workflow that also estimates subsurface properties using a well-established Earth tide method. When applied to groundwater monitoring datasets obtained from two boreholes screened in a sand aquifer in the Mary–Wildman river region (Northern Territory, Australia), estimated hydraulic conductivity and specific storage agree. Results also indicate that small vertical leakage occurs in the vicinity of both boreholes. Furthermore, the estimated geomechanical properties were within the values reported in the literature for similar lithological settings. Our new solution extends the capabilities of existing approaches, and our results demonstrate that analyzing the groundwater response to natural tidal forces is a low-cost and readily available solution for unconsolidated, hydraulically confined, and undrained subsurface conditions. This approach can support well-established characterization methods, increasing the amount of subsurface information.
Lava flow hazard modeling during the 2021 Fagradalsfjall eruption, Iceland: applications of MrLavaLoba
Authors: Pedersen Gro B. M. , Pfeffer Melissa A. , Barsotti Sara , Tarquini Simone , de'Michieli Vitturi Mattia , Óladóttir Bergrún A. , Þrastarson Ragnar Heiðar
Published: September 2023

Abstract. The 6-month-long effusive eruption at the Fagradalsfjall volcano in 2021 is the most visited eruption site in Iceland to date (June 2023), and it needed intense lava flow hazard assessment. In this study we document how strategies for lava flow modeling were implemented using the stochastic model MrLavaLoba to evaluate hazards during this effusive event. Overall, the purposes were threefold: (a) pre-eruption simulations to investigate potential lava inundation of critical infrastructure, (b) syn-eruption simulations for short-term (2-week time frame) lava flow hazard assessment and (c) syn-eruption simulations for long-term (months to years) hazard assessments. Additionally, strategies for lava barrier testing were developed, and syn-eruption topographic models were incorporated into simulations in near real time. The model provided promising results that were shared regularly at stakeholder meetings with the monitoring personnel, scientists and civil-protection representatives helping to identify potential short-term and long-term lava hazards. This included evaluation of the timing of barrier overflow and the filling and spilling of lava from one valley to another. During the crisis the MrLavaLoba model was updated to increase functionality such as by considering multiple active vents. Following the eruption, the model was optimized substantially, decreasing the computational time required for the simulations and speeding up the delivery of final products.
MONITORING OF TRANSBOUNDARY POLLUTANT TRANSPORT WITH RIVER WATER FROM THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION TO THE REPUBLIC OF BELARUS IN 2010-2020
Authors:   Hydrochemical Institute, DANILENKO A.O. , KOSMENKO L.S. ,   Hydrochemical Institute, SAZONOV A.D. ,   Hydrochemical Institute
Published: September 2023

The article presents results of monitoring the transboundary transport of pollutants with river water of the Western Dvina River and the Dnieper River basins for the period from 2010 to 2020. The impact of water runoff long-term dynamics on the transboundary surface water quality is discussed. The assessment of the excess transport of pollutants is given, taking into account differences in the values of standard concentrations adopted on the territory of the Russian Federation and the Republic of Belarus. There is an analysis of the differences between the concentrations of substances at the observation stations opened on the border with the Republic of Belarus in 2013-2016 (the Western Dvina in Verkhov’e village; the Dnieper in Khlystovka village, and the Sozh River in Bakharevka village) and at the observation stations away from the border (the Western Dvina in the town of Velizh; the Dnieper in the city of Smolensk, and the Sozh in Khislavichi urban-type settlement) in the paper. The pollution of the catchments with various substances is characterized, and priority indicators that help to recommend some measures to reduce the contamination of catchments with them are identified.
THERMODYNAMIC ASSESSMENT OF THE STATE OF WATER BODIES OF RUSSIA IN DIFFERENT NATURAL AND CLIMATE ZONES AND POLLUTION LEVELS
Authors:   Hydrochemical Institute, TROFIMCHUK M.M.
Published: September 2023

The state of 42 river systems and 13 lake systems in the European part of Russia and in Siberia is assessed for various natural and climate zones, different anthropogenic loads, different levels of pollution, which are evaluated according to the specific combinatorial water pollution index (SCWPI), and different mineralization as one of the significant environmental factors of natural origin. The entropy index is used as an evaluation criterion. It has been calculated using the data of the state observation network on the concentration of dissolved oxygen and water temperature. Several patterns revealed in the dynamics of the thermodynamic state of aquatic ecosystems make it possible to draw conclusions about the nature and level of anthropogenic load. Advantages and prospects of applying the proposed approach to the surface water monitoring are discussed.
MOSCOW MEGACITY POLLUTION: MONITORING OF CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF MICROPARTICLES IN THE ATMOSPHERE-SNOW-ROAD DUST-SOIL-SURFACE WATER SYSTEM
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, KASIMOV N. S. , KOSHELEVA N. E. ,   Lomonosov Moscow State University, POPOVICHEVA O. B. ,   Skobel'tsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, VLASOV D. V. ,   Lomonosov Moscow State University, SHINKAREVA G. L. ,   Lomonosov Moscow State University, ERINA O. N. ,   Lomonosov Moscow State University, CHALOV S. R. ,   Lomonosov Moscow State University, CHICHAEVA M. A. ,   Lomonosov Moscow State University, KOVACH R. G. ,   Lomonosov Moscow State University, ZAVGORODNYAYA YU. A. ,   Lomonosov Moscow State University, LYCHAGIN M. YU. ,   Lomonosov Moscow State University
Published: September 2023

A methodological framework for a system of ecological and geochemical monitoring of urban landscapes has been developed based on a joint analysis of the chemical composition of microparticles in transit (atmospheric aerosol and precipitation, river water and suspended sediments) and depositing (road dust, snow and soil covers, bottom sediments) environments. For automated monitoring on the territory of the Lomonosov Moscow State University Meteorological Observatory, the Aerosol Complex has been created, and seasonal variations in mass concentrations of PM10, black carbon, metals, metalloids, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in atmospheric aerosol and precipitation in the Moscow megacity has been analyzed. In the aerosol-precipitation subsystem, a high washout capacity of precipitation with respect to Pb, Sb, As, Ni, Mg, K, Al, and S in the aerosols has been revealed. The enrichment of PM10 with metals and metalloids decreases in the snow-road dust-soil series, and Sb, W, Bi, Sn, Cd, Cu, Pb, Mo, and Zn are accumulated in PM10 in all three environments. The particles of PM10 suspended matter and of the Moskva River bottom sediments play a key role in transport and accumulation of Pb, Cu, Ni, and V.
ASSESSMENT OF SEAWATER POLLUTION
Authors:   Zubov State Oceanographic Institute, KORSHENKO A.N. , ZHOKHOVA N.V. ,   Zubov State Oceanographic Institute, KIR'YANOV V.S. ,   Zubov State Oceanographic Institute
Published: September 2023

Assessment of the seawater quality is based on the calculation of the integrated index water pollution (IWP). The average concentration of the most significant pollutants in a local area of the sea during a certain period expressed in units of the maximum allowable concentration (MAC) is at the core of the index. The long-term practice of using the IWP has allowed for significant additions and corrections in the calculation methodology and in scientific interpretation of results, which improves the accuracy of assessing the state of marine environment based on standard hydrochemical studies. To assess the seawater quality by one parameter, a six-rank scheme is proposed, the scale of which was developed on the basis of the MAC for an analyzed substance. Additional criteria of seawater pollution related to eutrophication, amount of marine litter, pollution of bottom sediments and suspended solids and tissues of marine biota are proposed.
Adequate Interval between Matches in Elite Female Soccer Players
Authors: Chen Trevor C. , Chou Tai-Ying , Nosaka Kazunori
Published: September 2023

The present study compared four different intervals between three simulated soccer matches for changes in muscle damage and performance parameters. Thirteen well-trained female university soccer players performed three bouts of 90-min Loughborough Intermittent Shuttle Test (LIST) with four different intervals between bouts; one (1d), two (2d), three (3d) and four days (4d), with >12-weeks between conditions in a counterbalanced order. Heart rate, blood lactate, rating of perceived exertion and distance covered in each LIST were measured. Changes in several muscle damage markers (e.g., maximal voluntary isometric torque of the knee extensors: MVC-KE, muscle soreness), performance parameters (e.g., Yo-Yo intermittent recovery test level 1: Yo-Yo IR1), and blood measures (e.g., osmolality, high sensitivity cardiac troponin T) before the first LIST, 1 h after each LIST, and one to five days after the third LIST were compared among the conditions. The total distance covered during the first two LISTs was not different among the conditions, but that during the third LIST was shorter (P < 0.05) for the 1d (9,416 ± 885 m) and 2d conditions (9,737 ± 246 m) than the 3d (10,052 ± 490 m) and 4d conditions (10,432 ± 538 m). Changes in all measures were smaller (P < 0.05) in the 3d and 4d conditions (e.g., the decrease in MVC-KE at one day after the third LIST was -13 ± 4% and -10 ± 3%, respectively) when compared with the 1d and 2d conditions (-20 ± 7%, -18 ± 5%). Performance parameters showed smaller (P < 0.05) changes in the 4d (e.g., the decrease in Yo-Yo IR1 at one day after the third LIST was -9 ± 3%) and 3d (-13 ± 6%) conditions when compared with the 1d (-19 ± 4%) and 2d (-20 ± 8%) conditions. These results suggest that muscle damage and fatigue accumulate when soccer matches are performed three consecutive days or every other day, but if more than three days are inserted between matches, this could be minimized.
El tiempo en Bergson
Authors: Cruz Ortiz de Landázuri Manuel
Published: September 2023

Aunque el propio Bergson llegó a afirmar que no siempre había manejado una misma noción de tiempo en cada una de sus obras, en este artículo pretendo reconstruir la filosofía bergsoniana del tiempo y tratar de demostrar que hay una concepción unitaria de la durée, solo que desde diversas perspectivas. Un examen atento de algunos pasajes clave de sus obras nos muestra que en Bergson hay una progresiva profundización en la noción de tiempo, que comienza por la duración en la conciencia y culmina en el tiempo del universo. De este modo, Bergson no psicologiza el tiempo, sino que más bien “temporaliza” el mundo y la conciencia.
Homo suum sibi utile quaerit: lo útil como fundamento ontológico de la sociabilidad en el pensamiento de Spinoza
Authors: Tejeda Gómez Cristian Andrés
Published: September 2023

En este artículo se examina el uso que Spinoza hace del concepto utilis. El término utilidad se lo ha apropiado la filosofía utilitarista y liberal, formando juntos una amalgama discursiva y práctica. Spinoza, calificado por algunos intérpretes como pensador liberal, hace uso abundante de los conceptos de utilidad, libertad e individuo. Sin embargo, un examen riguroso basado en la totalidad de su obra nos permite comprender que la utilidad spinozista debe interpretarse desde el valor otorgado a la vida, lo colectivo y afectos como la firmeza y la generosidad. Nuestra conclusión es que lo útil es el fundamento de la sociablidad y, por lo mismo, que el término multitudo sintetiza la necesidad ontológica de lo colectivo en la filosofía de Spinoza.
Acceso a la libertad como condición de la consciencia de la ley. Una consideración a partir del análisis de la Fundamentación de la metafísica de las costumbres y la Crítica de la razón práctica de Immanuel Kant
Authors: Herrera Hugo E.
Published: September 2023

La libertad tiene un valor sistemático fundamental en la filosofía de Kant. En la filosofía práctica, ella es condición de la acción en sentido eminente. Tanto en la Fundamentación de la metafísica de las costumbres, cuanto en la Crítica de la razón práctica, Kant intenta probar la libertad. La argumentación en ambas obras es distinta. El presente trabajo hace foco especialmente en la justificación de la segunda Crítica. En ella, Kant plantea que de la libertad sabemos gracias al hecho de la consciencia moral o de una ley que vincula al sujeto incondicionadamente. Se intentará mostrar, a partir de una consideración de los textos de Kant, las obras de algunos intérpretes, así como en una reflexión sistemática, que la libertad, y el hecho de la consciencia moral, requieren de un acceso a la espontaneidad práctica por parte del sujeto, asunto que Kant deja sugerido en algunos pasajes.
¿Cómo tuitear la pandemia? Narrativas y seminalidad en las noticias en tiempos de la COVID-19
Authors: Miranda Bustamante María de los Ángeles
Published: September 2023

A través de un análisis de discurso cuantitativo, la presente investigación estudia las narrativas de las noticias en Twitter, en el contexto del inicio de la cuarentena en Chile por el COVID-19. Examina las estrategias discursivas que los periodistas despliegan mediante el uso de marcas lingüísticas periodísticas, retóricas, connotativas y digitales, para colaborar en la construcción de la realidad social.
A partir de esta caracterización, se establecen relaciones con la seminalidad, es decir, con la capacidad de estas narrativas de incitar a los usuarios a un diálogo social, mediante respuestas interactivas digitales y comentarios.
Como resultado, se verifica un incremento general de la seminalidad de las noticias en Twitter. Además, se observa en las narrativas de las noticias la primacía absoluta de las marcas tradicionales del periodismo, que incluyen las 6W y las citas de las fuentes. Esta configuración se enmarca y comprende por la necesidad vital de datos en tiempos de pandemia. Sin embargo, se establece también que los datos en la noticia son insuficientes para motivar la interacción discursiva, porque, al combinar las marcas periodísticas con recursos connotativos, la participación de los usuarios se incrementa notoriamente.
Creatividad musical en Educación Infantil: análisis de las actividades de los proyectos educativos
Authors: Vicente-Nicolás Gregorio , Sánchez-Marroquí Judith
Published: September 2023

El objetivo principal de este estudio es conocer y analizar las actividades musicales creativas contenidas en los proyectos educativos de Educación Infantil. La muestra estuvo conformada por 2200 actividades musicales comprendidas en los Proyectos Educativos (libros de texto) de 2.º ciclo de Educación Infantil más utilizados en los centros educativos de la Región de Murcia. Para la recogida de datos se diseñó un instrumento ad hoc denominado Protocolo de Análisis Sistemático de Actividades Musicales en Educación Infantil, que incluía las siguientes secciones: (I) datos del Proyecto Educativo; (II) datos de identificación de la actividad; (III) planificación de la actividad y contenidos; (IV) niveles de creatividad musical, establecidos a partir de una adaptación del modelo de creatividad 4C de Kaufman, Beghetto y Watson (2016). La información obtenida fue sometida a un análisis descriptivo e inferencial (Chi-cuadrado, correlación de Spearman, alfa de Cronbach, U de Mann-Whitney y Kruskal-Wallis). Los resultados revelaron que solo una de cada cinco actividades musicales era creativa. Debe destacarse como aspecto positivo que los libros más comercializados eran los que más actividades creativas incluían, aunque también se observó que estas estaban menos presentes en los proyectos más actuales, mientras que los más antiguos incorporaron más actividades creativas. En referencia a los ámbitos musicales que trabajan más la creatividad, destacaron el movimiento/danza y la audición. Por último, teniendo en cuenta la importancia del uso de recursos tecnológicos en los proyectos educativos para trabajar la creatividad, solo un 2% de las actividades musicales incluían este tipo de recursos.
Music as a Tool in Learning: Improvements in Basic Competences in Children Studying an Integrated Music Programme
Authors: Gelabert Gual Llorenç , Berbel Gómez Noemy , Sanchez-Azanza Víctor Alejandro
Published: September 2023

Son Serra (Son Serra State Primary School), in Mallorca, is the first state-run school in the Balearic Islands to offer integrated music and non-integrated pathways to students in the same class. This study aims to compare the results of students from the fourth year of primary education from both pathways in a maths, Spanish, Catalan and English language level tests. Socioeconomic information on the children's families was also gathered. The results showed students from the integrated music group always outperforming their peers from the non-integrated group in the four assessed competences. Having established that the families’ socioeconomic status does not condition these results, the benefits of receiving more music practice were discussed.
Mentoring the mentor: Developing clinical instructor cross-cultural psychological capital to support culturally/linguistically diverse DPT students
Authors: Naidoo Keshrie , Fitzgerald Caitlin , Arrigo Monica , Wong Justin , McCarthy-Jacobson Anne
Published: September 2023

Rationale: Cultural and social isolation, microaggressions, and few culturally and linguistically diverse (CLD) mentors contribute to a lack of belonging on clinical education experiences (CEEs) for CLD Doctor of Physical Therapy students. The purpose was to investigate whether a multiple mentor model including a CLD learner, their clinical instructor (CI), and CLD mentor could develop CI cross-cultural psychological capital (CC PsyCap) and mentoring skills to support CLD learners on CEEs.
Methods: Three CLD learners and their CIs were each matched with a CLD mentor. CIs completed online cross-cultural mentor training and met with the CLD student and mentor four times during the 10-week CEE. CIs completed the CC PsyCap survey to measure changes in CI cross-cultural self-efficacy before and after the CEE. Interview data from participants were thematically analyzed.
Results: All CIs demonstrated an increase in CC PsyCap scores over the study period. CIs gained insight into the unique needs of CLD learners, often subjected to bias and discrimination, and developed strategies to proactively support learners. CLD learners faced challenges related to race in the CEE and pressure to assimilate. They valued CLD mentors who role-modeled persistence and success and CIs who celebrated diversity and created a welcoming environment.
Clinical relevance: CIs play an important role in mentoring CLD learners on CEEs. This study highlighted that CI CC PsyCap can be developed through mentoring and coaching from CLD mentors, ultimately increasing support for CLD learners on CEEs.
Faktor-Faktor Yang Berhubungan Dengan Kejadian Persalinan Lama
Authors: Pera Mandasari  , Eka Juniarty
Published: September 2023

Persalinan lama merupakan salah satu penyebab kematian ibu dan janin. Pada ibu dapat menyebabkan terjadinya infeksi, kehabisan tenaga, dehidrasi, dan perdarahan post partum. Pada janin dapat menyebabkan terjadinya infeksi, cedera dan asfiksia. Persalinan lama dipengaruhi oleh faktor ibu, faktor janin, dan faktor jalan lahir. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan kejadian persalinan lama. Penelitian dilakukan di Rumah Sakit umum daerah kota prabumulih  tahun 2021. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain penelitian cross sectional. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh ibu bersalin, penentuan sampel menggunakan tehnik random sampling dengan Jumlah sampel sebanyak 326  orang.  Analisis data dilakukan secara univariat dan bivariat dengan uji chi–square. Hasil penelitian diperoleh bahwa terdapat hubungan usia dengan kejadian persalinan lama (Pvalue : 0,000) terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara paritas dengan kejadian persalinan lama (Pvalue : 0,000) dan terdapat hubungan antara his dengan kejadian persalinan lama (Pvalue : 0,000).
Penggunaan KB Implant Dengan Kenaikan Berat Badan Dan Siklus Haid Pada Ibu
Authors: Desti Widya Astuti  , Gustika Anggriani  , Natasya Putri Adhalia
Published: September 2023

Menurut World Helath Organization (WHO) Tahun 2020, Angka Kematian Ibu (AKI) masih sangat tinggi, sekitar 810 wanita meninggal akibat komplikasi terkait kehamilan atau persalinan di seluruh dunia setiap hari, dan sekitar 295.000 wanita meninggal selama dan setelah kehamilan dan persalinan. Angka Kematian Ibu di negara berkembang mencapai 462/100.000 kelahiran hidup, sedangkan di Negara maju sebesar 11/100.000 kelahiran hidup. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan penggunaan kb implant dengan kenaikan berat badan dan siklus haid pada ibu di bidan praktek mandiri umi kalsum kota prabumulih tahun 2022. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Survey Analitik dengan pendekatan Corss Sectional. Populasi penelitian ini yaitu keseluruhan wanita usia subur yang menggunakan akseptor KB di BPM Umi Kalsum  pada tahun 2022. Terdapat 180 jumlah populasi yang dijadikan sampel penelitian semuanya. Hasil analisa bivariat terdapat 65 pengguna KB implan yang mengalami ketidakteraturan siklus haid sebanyak 63 pengguna (35,0%) dan yang mengalami keteraturan siklus haid sebanyak 2 pengguna (1,1%).  Hasil Uji statistic Chi-Square didapatkan p value = 0,003 artinya antara penggunaan implant dengan siklus haid ada hubungan yang bermakna. Simpulan dari penelitian ini adalah bahwa tidak ada hubungan yang bermakna antara kenaikan berat badan dan siklus haid dengan penggunaan KB implan di BPM Umi Kalsum Kota Prabumulih Tahun 2022.
Pemahaman Mahasiswa Keperawatan Tentang Fisiologi Manusia Dalam Mata Kuliah Ilmu Biomedik Dasar
Authors: Pranata Lilik
Published: September 2023

Proses pembelajaran yang baik bertumpu pada hasil output dari apa yang di ajarkan, hal terpenting dalam pengajaran adalah pemahaman seorang peserta didik, salah satu bahan pembelajaran dalam jurusan keperawatan adalah ilmu biomedik dasar didalamnya terdapat topik tentang anatomi dan fisiologi. Bagian  ini sangat penting di pahami oleh mahasiswa sebagai dasar dalam mempelajari ilmu keperawatan selajutnya. Proses pemahaman mahasiswa keperawatan akan mempermudah dalam melajutkan ke materi yang lebih spesifik berkaitan dengan keperawatan, maka perlunya adanya pemahaman mahasiswa keperawatan dalam mempelajari ilmu biomedik dasar. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk melihat sejauh mana pemahaman mahasiswa tentang fisiologi manusia yang terdapat dalam mata ajar ilmu biomedik dasar pada semester 1. Metode penelitian dengan desai survey deskritif. Dengan memebrikan intrumen penelitian berupa kuesiener kepada mahasiswa yang telah mengikuti proses perkuliahan selama 6 bulan. Proses pengambilan data dilakukan pada 10-15 Juli 2023, hasil penelitian menunjukan pada pemahaman yang baik sejumlah 17 orang (46%), cukup 19 orang (52%)dan kurang 1 orang (2%). Kesimpulan dari hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa perlu adanya modifikasi dosen dalam memebrikan pendalam materi tentang ilmu biomedik dasar terkhusu adalah fisiologi manusia, memberikan evaluasi yang tepat kepada mahasiswa.sebelum dan setelah dilakukan perkuliahan
Faktor-Faktor Yang Berhubungan Dengan Kepatuhan Kader Terhadap Pelayanan Posyandu
Authors: Ramayani  , Eichi Septiani  , Maya Sartika
Published: September 2023

Kader memiliki peran besar terhadap  lancarnya proses pelayanan kesehatan salah satunya kegiatan posyandu. Salah satu keberhasilan kegiatan posyandu tergantung pada peran aktif kader. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan kepatuhan kader terhadap pelayanan posyandu. Penelitian ini menggunakan kuantitatif dengan desain cross sectional, populasi penelitian ini adalah seluruh Kader Posyandu di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Tanjung Agung. Variabel independen dalam penelitian ini adalah Pendidikan, Pengetahuan, pekerjaan dan pelatihan sedangkan variabel dependen yaitu kepatuhan kader terhadap pelayanan posyandu. Metode pengambilan sampel dalam penelitian dengan menggunakan teknik Total sampling. Jumlah Sampel penelitian ini adalah sebanyak 190 responden. Pengumpulan data dengan menggunakan kuesioner. Analisa data mengunakan uji statistik univariat, bivariat dengan uji chi-square. Hasil analisis uji statistik menunjukkan bahwa ada hubungan variabel pendidikan (p value=0,015) dan pengetahuan (p value=0,009). Sedangkan tidak ada hubungan variabel pekerjaan (p value=0,843), dan pelatihan (p value=0,425).  Disarankan bahwa kepada pihak puskesmas Tanjung agung untuk lebih meningkatkan pengetahuan kader posyandu dalam memberikan pelayanan posyandu dengan mengikuti pelatihan.
EXPRESSION LEVEL OF GENES OF PRO- AND ANTI-INFLAMMATORY CYTOKINES IN THE BLOOD OF COWS WITH OVARIAN HYPOFUNCTION AND THE USE OF DRUG BASED ON GM-CSF
Authors:   FSBSI All-Russian Veterinary Research Institute of Pathology, Pharmacology and Therapy, Stepanov E.M. , Mikhalev V.I. ,   FSBSI All-Russian Veterinary Research Institute of Pathology, Pharmacology and Therapy, Pasko N.V. ,   FSBSI All-Russian Veterinary Research Institute of Pathology, Pharmacology and Therapy
Published: September 2023

The article presents the material for studying the expression level of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokine genes in the blood of cows with ovarian hypofunction and the use of the drug based on gm-csf (granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor). It has been established that disorders in the functional activity of the genital gonads in cows occur against the background of an increase in the relative expression level of genes of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β - by 1.56 and 2.11 times, IL-2 - by 1.41 and 2.29 times, TNFα - by 19.5 and 48.8%), while reducing anti-inflammatory ones (IL-4 - by 27.6 and 37.9%, IL-10 - by 8.3 and 36.1%). An imbalance between the expression level of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in the blood of cows is one of the etiological factors leading to hormonal imbalance and the development of hypofunctional ovarian disorders. The administration of a drug based on gm-csf to cows during insemination once at a dose of 5.0 ml to normalize the functional activity of the ovaries in case of their hypofunctional state with anovulation phenomena contributed to a decrease in the expression level of IL-1β by 27.3%, IL-2 – by 16.7%, TNFα – by 8.2%, with an increase in the expression of IL-4 by 4.8%, IL-10 – by 6.1%, which ensured a clinical efficacy of 86.7%. The use of a drug based on gm-csf in the cows with ovarian hypofunction, manifested by anaphrodisia, twice with an interval of 7 days at a dose of 10.0 ml provided a decrease in the expression level of IL-1β - by 1.9 times, IL-2 – by 38.5%, TNFα – by 14.8%, with an increase in IL-4 - by 11.1%, IL-10 – by 39.1% and a clinical efficacy of 90.0%.
STUDY OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE USE OF DRY BLOOD PLASMA IN CALVES' DIETS
Authors:   Vitebsk State Academy of Veterinary Medicine, Sysa L.V. , Sysa S.A. ,   Vitebsk State Academy of Veterinary Medicine
Published: September 2023

The article describes the effectiveness of preventive use of dry blood plasma in calves' diets, ways to increase total protein, contributing to increased resistance. When plasma was used in the calves' diet, it was noted that the animals were mobile, active, appetite was expressed, a low percentage of morbidity was established (3-4%), weight gain was better (by 10-15%), mortality was not observed. In the control group, no special changes were observed from the moment of the experiment, some animals were sedentary, there was a decrease in appetite, the percentage of morbidity (8-12%).
Examining the Relationship Between Influence Tactics Used by School Principals and Teachers' Perceptions of Organizational Peace
Authors: Memduhoğlu Hasan Basri , Ören Mehmet Emin
Published: September 2023

This research aims to examine the relationship between the influence tactics used by school principals and the organizational peace of teachers. The research was carried out with the relational survey model and the random sampling method was used. 307 teachers, who are working in high schools, participated the study. According to the results of normality tests, correlation and regression analyzes between variables were performed. According to teacher perceptions, it was concluded that school principals mostly used the tactics of complying with the rules and using personal intimacy the least. It has been determined that the teachers' perceptions of individual, relational and organizational peace are high, and the perceptions of disturbers are low. In the study, positive and negative significant relationships were found between organizational peace and the dimensions of influencing tactics. Influencing tactics explain approximately 52% of the variance in teachers' perceptions of organizational peace. The results obtained have revealed that organizational peace studies should be increased, while shedding light on new studies to be carried out in the context of organizational peace.
Investigation of the Measurment Invairance of the Social Media Addiction Scale
Authors: Aktaş Mehtap , Uzun Nezaket Bilge , Bakır Aygar Bilge
Published: September 2023

This study aims to examine the measurement invariance of the Social Media Addiction Scale (SMAS) in terms of gender, time spent on social media accounts, and the number of social media accounts. Invariance analyses conducted within the scope of the research were carried out on 672 participants. Measurement invariance studies were examined separately for all measurement models presented in SMAS and for each sub-factor in the scale. As a result of the analyses, it was revealed that the psychometric properties obtained from the measurement model may show bias according to the relevant subgroups for the SMAS, in cases where the model fits up to the configural and metric stages. Comparison of the scores obtained from this measurement tool can be made, but careful interpretation should be made, keeping in mind that the items may behave biased according to gender on an item basis. For the SMAS, it has been demonstrated that in cases where the model fits up to the configural, metric, and scalar invariance stages, comparisons of the psychometric properties obtained from the measurement model can be made without bias according to the relevant subgroups. In addition, in cases where scalar invariance is met, the scores obtained from the measurement tool can be compared and comments can be made on an item basis according to the relevant subgroups. Finally, it could be stated that any comparison made according to the subgroups tested using the SMAS would be meaningless in cases where even configural invariance is not accepted.
The Effects of Using Peer-Led Team Learning Model in Science Courses on Students
Authors: Önder Sesler Gizem , Sahin Esin
Published: September 2023

This study aims to explore the views of the fourth-year science teaching undergraduate program students and science education master's program students regarding the effects of using the Peer-Led Team Learning (PLTL) model in science courses on the students. The working group consisted of 56 participants, 28 undergraduate and 28 graduate students. The study deployed a questionnaire and a semi-structured interview form. Content analysis was used during data analysis. The results suggested that the PLTL model have positive and negative effects on peer and leader students in terms of "learning", "motivation/attitude" and "skills". The number of participants emphasizing positive effects in both questionnaire and interview data was much higher than those referring to negative effects. In other words, more participants agreed on positive effects. Upon examining the possible positive and negative effects of the PLTL model, the positive effects were identified to be valuable for the education process, and the negative effects may be eliminated or minimized.