bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE OPTIMAZATION OF MULTI RESOLUTION SEGMENTATION OF REMOTELY SENSED DATA USING GENETIC ALGHORITHM
Authors: Saba F. , Valadanzouj M. J. , Mokhtarzade M.
Published: September 2013

Abstract. Object oriented analysis is widely used in interpretation of remote sensing images in comparison with pixel based approaches. A key step for achieving an acceptable classification result is meaningful image segmentation. Multi resolution segmentation is known as one of the most popular approaches in image segmentation that have been implemented in commercial software on the market, eCognition. However, this algorithm needs a set of optimum parameters which usually obtained by trial and error task. This technique not only is tedious and time consuming, also rely on the user's experience. So In this study in order to alleviate this problem, genetic algorithm is proposed to find the optimal parameters for multi resolution segmentation by focusing on road feature. This method is implemented on a pan-sharpened IKONOS image covering a part of Shiraz city, Iran. The results show that, with parameters found by GA, multi resolution segmentation accuracy is higher than obtained accuracy with parameters found by user. The evaluation of results confirms the importance of genetic algorithm to get optimal parameters.
AN ARCHITECTURE FOR AUTOMATED FIRE DETECTION EARLY WARNING SYSTEM BASED ON GEOPROCESSING SERVICE COMPOSITION
Authors: Samadzadegan F. , Saber M. , Zahmatkesh H. , Joze Ghazi Khanlou H.
Published: September 2013

Abstract. Rapidly discovering, sharing, integrating and applying geospatial information are key issues in the domain of emergency response and disaster management. Due to the distributed nature of data and processing resources in disaster management, utilizing a Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) to take advantages of workflow of services provides an efficient, flexible and reliable implementations to encounter different hazardous situation. The implementation specification of the Web Processing Service (WPS) has guided geospatial data processing in a Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) platform to become a widely accepted solution for processing remotely sensed data on the web. This paper presents an architecture design based on OGC web services for automated workflow for acquisition, processing remotely sensed data, detecting fire and sending notifications to the authorities. A basic architecture and its building blocks for an automated fire detection early warning system are represented using web-based processing of remote sensing imageries utilizing MODIS data. A composition of WPS processes is proposed as a WPS service to extract fire events from MODIS data. Subsequently, the paper highlights the role of WPS as a middleware interface in the domain of geospatial web service technology that can be used to invoke a large variety of geoprocessing operations and chaining of other web services as an engine of composition. The applicability of proposed architecture by a real world fire event detection and notification use case is evaluated. A GeoPortal client with open-source software was developed to manage data, metadata, processes, and authorities. Investigating feasibility and benefits of proposed framework shows that this framework can be used for wide area of geospatial applications specially disaster management and environmental monitoring.
A COMPARISON OF EMPIRICAL AND INTELIGENT METHODS FOR DUST DETECTION USING MODIS SATELLITE DATA
Authors: Shahrisvand M. , Akhoondzadeh M.
Published: September 2013

Abstract. Nowadays, dust storm in one of the most important natural hazards which is considered as a national concern in scientific communities. This paper considers the capabilities of some classical and intelligent methods for dust detection from satellite imagery around the Middle East region. In the study of dust detection, MODIS images have been a good candidate due to their suitable spectral and temporal resolution. In this study, physical-based and intelligent methods including decision tree, ANN (Artificial Neural Network) and SVM (Support Vector Machine) have been applied to detect dust storms. Among the mentioned approaches, in this paper, SVM method has been implemented for the first time in domain of dust detection studies. Finally, AOD (Aerosol Optical Depth) images, which are one the referenced standard products of OMI (Ozone Monitoring Instrument) sensor, have been used to assess the accuracy of all the implemented methods. Since the SVM method can distinguish dust storm over lands and oceans simultaneously, therefore the accuracy of SVM method is achieved better than the other applied approaches. As a conclusion, this paper shows that SVM can be a powerful tool for production of dust images with remarkable accuracy in comparison with AOT (Aerosol Optical Thickness) product of NASA.
Detection of High Local Groundwater Inflow to Rock Tunnels using ASTER Satellite Images
Authors: Sharafi M. , Khazaei S.
Published: September 2013

Abstract. High local groundwater flow into rock tunnels may lead to a potential hazard and is an important factor influencing construction time and costs. Geological features such as fault zones and open fractures can be the source of very high local groundwater inflows. Having a reliable estimation of location groundwater inflows is essential before excavation of tunnels. To reduce the costs and time of field works, remote sensing investigations can be a good solution. The main aim of the present study is to propose a methodology for detecting the geomorphic markers of cuesta in the high local groundwater inflow to Nosoud tunnel using the satellite imagery data. For this purpose, a reflectance image from the ASTER satellite sensor was used. Our Experiments show that cuesta springs, caused by hydraulic fracturing, can be detected using the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) map, computed on the ASTER image, and analyzing the topographic and morphometric features of the area. Moreover, observations in tunnel excavation stage showed that crossing through open fractures in hard and thick layers is the major cause of water inflow into the tunnel, which corresponds to the surface hydrogeological evidences obtained from the ASTER image.
A NEW PROMPT FOR BUILDING EXTRACTION IN HIGH RESOLUTION REMOTELY SENSED IMAGERY
Authors: Souri A. H. , Mohammadi A. , Sharifi M. A.
Published: September 2013

Abstract. Remote sensing technology has proved a magnificent role in urban development. High resolution remotely sensed imagery provides remote sensing mapping, GIS data acquisition and automatic updates, and also supports for extraction train features such as building. In this work, a new approach for building extraction in colored high resolution remotely sensed imagery is proposed. The approach includes Statistical Region Merging (SRM) segmentation, boundary tracing and clustering based on new shape-factors. After performing SRM, the boundary tracing algorithm is carried out. Moore neighbour contour tracing algorithm is used for this purpose. New shape factors are proposed based on geometry of buildings and other terrain features. The correlation of shape factors between buildings and road features is significantly low. The shape factors are based on circularity, elongation and compactness. Afterwards K-means classifier is utilized in order to discriminate between buildings and other objects. In this step squared Euclidean distance has been opted. Two clusters have been set for separating buildings from roads and complex features. In order to evaluate the capability of this method, two images of Worldview2 sensor has been used. The fine result demonstrates the proficiency of shape factors and remarkable and satisfactory performance of the new prompt.
NEWTONIAN IMPERIALIST COMPETITVE APPROACH TO OPTIMIZING OBSERVATION OF MULTIPLE TARGET POINTS IN MULTISENSOR SURVEILLANCE SYSTEMS
Authors: Afghan-Toloee A. , Heidari A. A. , Joibari Y.
Published: September 2013

Abstract. The problem of specifying the minimum number of sensors to deploy in a certain area to face multiple targets has been generally studied in the literatures. In this paper, we are arguing the multi-sensors deployment problem (MDP). The Multi-sensor placement problem can be clarified as minimizing the cost required to cover the multi target points in the area. We propose a more feasible method for the multi-sensor placement problem. Our method makes provision the high coverage of grid based placements while minimizing the cost as discovered in perimeter placement techniques. The NICA algorithm as improved ICA (Imperialist Competitive Algorithm) is used to decrease the performance time to explore an enough solution compared to other meta-heuristic schemes such as GA, PSO and ICA. A three dimensional area is used for clarify the multiple target and placement points, making provision x, y, and z computations in the observation algorithm. A structure of model for the multi-sensor placement problem is proposed: The problem is constructed as an optimization problem with the objective to minimize the cost while covering all multiple target points upon a given probability of observation tolerance.
CONTEXTUAL IMAGE CLASSIFICATION APPROACH FOR MONITORING OF AGRICULTURAL LAND COVER BY SUPPORT VECTOR MACHINES AND MARKOV RANDOM FIELDS
Authors: Vahidi H. , Monabbati E.
Published: September 2013

Abstract. The main idea of this paper is to integrate the non-contextual support vector machines (SVM) classifiers with Markov random fields (MRF) approach to develop a contextual framework for monitoring of agricultural land cover. To this end, the SVM and MRF approaches were integrated to exploit both spectral and spatial contextual information in the image for more accurate classification of remote sensing data from an agricultural region in Biddinghuizen, the Netherlands. Comparative analysis of this study clearly demonstrated that the proposed contextual method based on SVM-MRF models generates a higher average accuracy, overall accuracy and Kappa coefficient compared with non-contextual SVM method. Since the spatial information is considered in the proposed method, this study indicates that a neater, more homogonous and speckle-free results could be generated by the SVM-MRF approach.
Application of ALOS and Envisat Data in Improving Multi-Temporal InSAR Methods for Monitoring Damavand Volcano and Landslide Deformation in the Center of Alborz Mountains, North Iran
Authors: Vajedian S. , Motagh M. , Nilfouroushan F.
Published: September 2013

Abstract. InSAR capacity to detect slow deformation over terrain areas is limited by temporal and geometric decorrelations. Multitemporal InSAR techniques involving Persistent Scatterer (Ps-InSAR) and Small Baseline (SBAS) are recently developed to compensate the decorrelation problems. Geometric decorrelation in mountainous areas especially for Envisat images makes phase unwrapping process difficult. To improve this unwrapping problem, we first modified phase filtering to make the wrapped phase image as smooth as possible. In addition, in order to improve unwrapping results, a modified unwrapping method has been developed. This method includes removing possible orbital and tropospheric effects. Topographic correction is done within three-dimensional unwrapping, Orbital and tropospheric corrections are done after unwrapping process. To evaluate the effectiveness of our improved method we tested the proposed algorithm by Envisat and ALOS dataset and compared our results with recently developed PS software (StaMAPS). In addition we used GPS observations for evaluating the modified method. The results indicate that our method improves the estimated deformation significantly.
IMMERSIVE VISUALIZATION OF THE QUALITY OF DIMENSIONALITY REDUCTION
Authors: Babaee M. , Datcu M. , Rigoll G.
Published: September 2013

Abstract. Dimensionality reduction is the most widely used approach for extracting the most informative low-dimensional features from highdimensional ones. During the last two decades, different techniques (linear and nonlinear) have been proposed by researchers in various fields. However, the main question is now how well a specific technique does this job. In this paper, we introduce a qualitative method to assess the quality of dimensionality reduction. In contrast to numerical assessment, we focus here on visual assessment. We visualize the Minimum Spanning Tree (MST) of neighborhood graphs of data before and after dimensionality reduction in an immersive 3D virtual environment. We employe a mixture of linear and nonlinear dimension reduction techniques to apply to both synthetic and real datasets. The visualization depicts the quality of each technique in term of preserving distances and neighborhoods. The results show that a specific dimension reduction technique exhibits different performance in dealing with different datasets.
EFFECT OF DIGITAL FRINGE PROJECTION PARAMETERS ON 3D RECONSTRUCTION ACCURACY
Authors: Babaei A. , Saadatseresht M.
Published: September 2013

Abstract. 3D reconstruction has been already one of the most interesting research areas among photogrammetry and computer vision researchers. This thesis aims to evaluate digital fringe projection method in reconstruction of small objects with complicated shape. Digital fringe projection method is a novel method in structured light technique which integrates interferometric and triangulation methods. In this method, a digital projector projects a series of sinusoidal fringe patterns onto the object surface. Then, a camera from a different point of view captures images of patterns that are deformed due to object's surface topography. Afterward, the captured images will be processed and the depth related phase would be calculated. Due to using arctangent function in the process of phase extraction, the computed phase ranges from –pi to +pi, so a phase unwrapping step is necessary. Finally, the unwrapped phase map would be converted to depth map with some mathematical models. This method has many advantages like high speed, high accuracy, low cost hardware, high resolution (each pixel will have a depth at end), and simple computations. This paper aims to evaluate different parameters which affect the accuracy of the final results. For this purpose, some test were designed and implemented. These tests assess the number of phase shifts, spatial frequency of the fringe pattern, light condition, noise level of images, and the color and material of target objects on the quality of resulted phase map. The evaluation results demonstrate that digital fringe projection method is capable of obtaining depth map of complicated object with high accuracy. The contrast test results showed that this method is able to work under different ambient light condition; although at places with high light condition will not work properly. The results of implementation on different objects with various materials, color and shapes demonstrate the high capability of this method of 3D reconstruction.
Engaging the Public in the Development of Sentencing Policy
Authors: Indermaur David
Published: September 2013

The issue of the lack of confidence in the courts provides an opportunity for us to consider the question of how sentencing policy is formulated and whether there is room for improvement in the process. It is argued in this paper that the legitimacy of the courts and public satisfaction with sentencing can both be enhanced if we were to carefully provide for the inclusion of an informed and deliberating public into policy formulation. Such a strategy would not only quell the loose and ill-defined ‘public opinion’ that characterises the tabloids; it would also enhance the transparency and the public acceptance of policy. The paper considers the continuum of possibilities for including the public from the gratuitous exploitation of the public voice by populists and media entrepreneurs using top-of-the-head opinion polls through to informed public opinion, public consultation process and ultimately the democratisation of sentencing policy. It is argued that this continuum can be seen as reflecting both the amount of true power given to the public voice as well as the amount of respect given to public input. Much of the fear of public inclusion in elite circles concerns public opinion as depicted in the media which is largely ‘public emotion’. It is argued that, when properly integrated, the inclusion of the public voice in the policy formulation process will have the same salutary effect that the jury has on the criminal trial.
The Evolution of Security Industry Regulation in Australia: A Critique
Authors: Prenzler Tim , Sarre Rick
Published: September 2013

This paper charts the main changes in security industry regulation in Australia from the 1980s to the present time, and provides a critique of the regulatory framework and the change process. Change has largely been driven by recurring conduct scandals, with governments obliged to introduce increasingly more stringent integrity checks and competency standards in an attempt to diminish widespread concerns about the industry. Despite the lack of strategic planning, a significant learning process is evident and a clear model of best practice has emerged. Recent enquiries show that Australia still does not have an optimal system for managing the industry but change has been in the right direction, with scope for fine-tuning to ensure more responsive and effective regulation.
Fighting Terror with Law? Some Other Genealogies of Pre-emption
Authors: Finnane Mark John Celsus , Donkin Susan
Published: September 2013

Within criminology and criminal law the reception of post-9/11 counter-terrorist law has generally been critical, if not hostile. The undeniable proliferation of preventive statutes has been regarded as incompatible with conventional liberal norms and as dangerously innovative in its embrace of new strategies of control. But is such law innovative, and does it threaten to leach into other areas of criminal law, as some have feared? Exploring three governmental innovations – mental health law, habitual criminal controls, and civilian internment in war-time – that developed as expressions of the liberal state’s desire to ensure the safety of its citizens in times of peace and war, we argue that a more historically grounded understanding of the governmental and geopolitical contexts of security provides a surer foundation on which to construct the frameworks of interpretation of contemporary counter-terrorism law.
‘Let’s Get Sexting’: Risk, Power, Sex and Criminalisation in the Moral Domain
Authors: Lee Murray , Crofts Thomas , Salter Michael , Milivojevic Sanja , McGovern Alyce
Published: September 2013

This article explores the criminalisation and governance of sexting among young people. While the focus is on Australian jurisdictions, the article places debates and anxieties about sexting and young people in a broader analysis around concerns about new technologies, child sexual abuse, and the risks associated with childhood sexuality. The article argues that these broader social, cultural and moral anxieties have created an environment where rational debate and policy making around teen sexting has been rendered almost impossible. Not only has the voice of young people themselves been silenced in the public, political and media discourse about sexting, but any understanding about the differing behaviours and subsequent harms that constitute teen sexting has been lost. All the while, sexting has been rendered a pleasurable if somewhat risky pastime in an adult cultural context lending weight to the argument that teen sexting is often a subterranean expression of activities that are broadly accepted. The article concludes that the current approaches to regulating teen sexting, along with the emergence of sexting as a legitimate adult activity, may have had the perverse consequence of making teen sexting an even more attractive teenage risk taking activity.
Resource Extraction Leaves Something Behind: Environmental Justice and Mining
Authors: White Rob
Published: September 2013

Environmental justice is concerned with the health and wellbeing of individuals, groups and communities in regards to toxic environments. Within this framework, it has long been noted that oil, timber and minerals are extracted in ways that can devastate local ecosystems and destroy traditional cultures and livelihoods. Resource extraction is thus not socially and environmentally neutral but has a number of potential ramifications directly related to ecological wellbeing and human health. The aim of this paper is to explore the social injuries associated with the mining industry, especially as this pertains to vulnerable population groups. As the title indicates, a key concern is what resource extraction leaves behind and how this impacts upon local areas now and into the future.
Comparing Female Victims of Separation/Divorce Assault across Geographical Regions
Authors: DeKeseredy Walter S , Rennison Callie Marie
Published: September 2013

Recent analyses of National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS) data show that male-to-female separation/divorce assault varies across geographic regions in the United States, with rural rates of such woman abuse being higher than those for suburban and urban areas. Using the same data set, the main objective of this paper is to present the results of an investigation into whether characteristics of female victims of separation/divorce assault also differ across urban, suburban, and rural communities.
International Juvenile (In)justice: Penal Severity and Rights Compliance
Authors: Muncie John
Published: September 2013

This article focuses on the anomalies and contradictions surrounding the notion of ‘international juvenile justice’, whether in its pessimistic (neoliberal penality and penal severity) or optimistic (universal children’s rights and rights compliance) incarnations. It argues for an analysis which recognises firstly, the uneven, multi-facetted and heterogeneous nature of the processes of globalisation and secondly, how the global, the international, the national and the local are not mutually exclusive but continually interact to re-constitute, re-make and challenge each other.
Access to Safe Justice in Australian Courts: Some Reflections upon Intelligence, Design and Process
Authors: Sarre Rick , Vernon Alikki
Published: September 2013

There have been great strides taken in Australia recently to make our courts safer, principally through an emphasis on risk management. After all, governments have a responsibility to protect those who work in, or who visit, court precincts. A greater understanding of how court safety can be enhanced by managing people, curial processes and the court environment requires assessing the physical mechanisms of risk management alongside a ‘needs-focus’ of stakeholders’ safety considerations. At the same time there must be a focus on enabling participation and well-being in justice processes. By examining the way in which courts now operate around Australia and the developments in security intelligence, court design and processes, this paper seeks to outline how access to safe justice is possible.
Contextualizing Child Malaria Diagnosis and Treatment Practices at an Outpatient Clinic in Southwest Nigeria: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Iwelunmor Juliet , Airhihenbuwa Collins O. , King Gary , Adedokun Ayoade
Published: September 2013

Background. This study sought to explore contextual features of an outpatient clinic located in southwest Nigeria that enable and/or discourage effective diagnosis and treatment of child malaria. Methods. We conducted in-depth interviews with mothers of 135 febrile children attending a pediatric outpatient clinic in southwest Nigeria. Also, participant observations and informal discussions with physicians were conducted to examine the potential impact of context on effective child malaria diagnosis and treatment. Results. The findings indicate that availability of drugs and laboratory testing for malaria, affordability of antimalarial drugs, access to the clinic (particularly access to pediatricians), adequacy of the outpatient clinic, and acceptability of services provided at the clinic are key contextual factors that influence effective case management of malaria in children. Conclusion. If the Millennium Development Goal 6 of reversing malaria incidence by 2015 particularly among children is to be achieved, it is necessary to identify the contextual factors that may act as potential barriers to effective diagnosis and treatment practices at clinical settings. Understanding the context in which case management of child malaria occurs can provide insights into the factors that influence mis- and over-diagnosis of malaria in clinical settings.
Encapsulation of Phaseolus lunatus Protein Hydrolysate with Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitory Activity
Authors: Ruiz Ruiz Jorge Carlos , Segura Campos Maira Rubí , Betancur Ancona David Abram , Chel Guerrero Luis Antonio
Published: September 2013

The objective of recent research has been to seek alternative therapeutic treatments; for this reason, the use of protein hydrolysates from diverse sources has been studied. A way to guarantee that these treatments reach the site of action is through protection with covers, such as microcapsules. Therefore, proteins from the legume Phaseolus lunatus were hydrolyzed and encapsulated with a blend of Delonix regia carboxymethylated gum/sodium alginate (50 : 50 w/w). Hydrolysis release conditions in a simulated gastrointestinal system were obtained using CaCl2 concentrations as the main factor, indicating that lower CaCl2 concentrations lead to an increased hydrolysis release. Beads obtained with 1.0 mM of CaCl2 exhibited a better hydrolysate release rate under intestinal simulated conditions and the proteins maintained an IC50 of 2.9 mg/mL. Capsules obtained with the blend of Delonix regia carboxymethylated gum/sodium alginate would be used for the controlled delivery of hydrolysates with potential use as nutraceutical or therapeutic agents.
Bacterial Vaginosis, Educational Level of Pregnant Women, and Preterm Birth: A Case-Control Study
Authors: Yzeiraj-Kalemaj Lindita , Shpata Vjollca , Vyshka Gentian , Manaj Afërdita
Published: September 2013

Objective. In a prospective study, we have recruited two groups of pregnant women (the first one with preterm labor activity; the second one with labor in term), trying to find a correlation between bacterial vaginosis (BV) and preterm birth activity. Other parameters influencing the presence of BV have been studied as well, such as educational level and history of previous preterm deliveries. Materials and Methods. Each group was composed of 75 women; recruitment stopped when the number was reached. Bacteriological data were retrospectively collected from the follow-up visits that pregnant women had performed at the regional hospital facility, where the study was performed. The diagnosis of BV was made according to Amsel criteria. Results. Our study showed a significant correlation between BV and preterm labor. BV seems to be an independent risk factor for preterm labor. In the study group, the prevalence of BV was 32%, whereas in the control group, the figure was 14.6% (). Conclusion. Highly risked groups for a preterm birth activity, such as pregnant women presenting BV and with a low educational level, have to be followed up and eventually treated cautiously in order to avoid early and late complications of preterm delivery.
Retrospective Medical Record Review of an Osteopathic Manipulative Medicine Hospital Consultation Service
Authors: Snider Karen T. , Snider Eric J. , DeGooyer Brett R. , Bukowski Allison M. , Fleming Regina K. , Johnson Jane C.
Published: September 2013

Context: In the first half of the 20th century, nearly all osteopathic physicians used osteopathic manipulative medicine (OMM) in the care of hospitalized patients. Over the past few decades, however, inpatient OMM care has declined and is more commonly provided by OMM specialists.

Objective: To retrospectively evaluate the details of a specialty-level OMM inpatient consultation service.

Methods: Inpatient OMM consultations that took place at Northeast Regional Medical Center in Kirksville, Missouri, between July 1998 and March 2008 were identified from billing records. Consultations were reviewed for demographic information, admission location, postoperative status, intensive care unit and mechanical ventilation usage, admission and discharge diagnoses, consultation reasons and final diagnoses, areas of somatic dysfunction treated and types of osteopathic manipulative treatment (OMT) techniques used, and hospital length of stay (LOS).

Results: A total of 1509 OMM consultations were identified (580 for male patients [38%]; 929 for female patients [62%]; mean [SD] age, 54 [31] years [range, 0-99 years]), representing 11% of all inpatient consultations. Of these, 1372 consultations (91%) were initiated in the inpatient acute care facility, 87 (6%) in the inpatient acute rehabilitation facility, and 50 (3%) in the skilled nursing facility. Further, 265 consultations (18%) were for postoperative patients, 187 (12%) were for patients in the intensive care unit, and 54 (4%) were for patients receiving mechanical ventilation at the time of the consultation. The most common admission diagnoses were hypertension, routine newborn care, lower respiratory infection, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and gastrointestinal symptoms. The most common reasons for OMM consultation were chest/rib pain, spinal pain, lower respiratory infection (adjunctive treatment), cranial asymmetry, and infant feeding disorder. The most common types of OMT techniques used were myofascial release, balanced ligamentous tension, muscle energy, soft tissue, and inhibition. The mean (SD) LOS was 5.7 (3.3) days (range, 0-48 days), while the mean (SD) number of days the patient received OMT was 3.1 (2.2) days.

Conclusion: Medical records reviewed in the current study revealed that OMM consultations were ordered primarily for musculoskeletal complaints, respiratory problems (adjunctive treatment), and newborn care. A variety of OMT techniques were used. Further retrospective study is warranted to determine if OMM had an effect on LOS.
I Can't Move My Face! A Case of Bilateral Facial Palsy
Authors: Greenberg Marna Rayl , Urquhart Megan C. , Eygnor Jessica K. , Worrilow Charles C. , Gesell Nicole Ceccacci , Porter Bernadette Glenn , Miller Andrew C.
Published: September 2013

The authors present a case of bilateral facial palsy in a 52-year-old man. The patient presented to an emergency department in Pennsylvania, describing left-sided neck pain and headache from “sleeping wrong,” symptoms which eventually progressed to facial diplegia by his fourth visit in 2 weeks. His admitting diagnosis was Bell palsy; he was ultimately tested for and found to have Lyme disease. Delay in treatment of patients with Lyme disease may lead to bilateral facial paralysis and disease progression. Thorough history taking, physical examination, and scrutiny of prior records are important elements of identifying and treating patients such as these (ie, whose vague symptoms progress to facial diplegia) appropriately.
Point & Counterpoint The Purpose of Institutional Repositories: Green OA or Beyond?
Authors: Kennison Rebecca , Shreeves Sarah L , Harnad Stevan
Published: September 2013

Institutional repositories (IRs) have a conflicted history in terms of purpose. Although always closely associated with the open access movement, in particular open access to the published research through self-archiving (“Green” OA), an approach long championed by Stevan Harnad (e.g., Harnad, 1999) and others, some of the most influential and visionary early essays on IRs speak of them as providing infrastructure for the stewardship of a wide range of institutional output (Lynch, 2003) and as a new way for libraries to support publishing functions (Crow, 2002). And while many libraries have concentrated on green OA to fill their IRs—with or without mandates, always with mixed success— many more have slowly but surely built successful, thriving IRs by providing stewardship of and access to the grey literature, the theses and dissertations, the undergraduate research, and the research data produced on their campuses. In fact, we would argue that libraries are better placed to implement green OA resolutions and mandates when their IR is already well populated and well used with other critical institutional content. An IR should focus on the “I”—on the output of the institution, created by individual researchers producing much more than published peer-reviewed articles.
Using SPME‐GC/MS to Evaluate Acrolein Production in Cassava and Pork Sausage Fried in Different Vegetable Oils
Authors: Osório Vanessa Moreira , de Lourdes Cardeal Zenilda
Published: September 2013

This work presents the quantification of acrolein in cassava and pork sausage fried (temperature of 170 °C) in five different vegetables oils: canola, palm, sunflower, soybean and corn using a method of solid‐phase microextraction (SPME) combined with gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. The results showed that the highest concentration of acrolein was found in samples fried in sunflower oil and canola oil. The concentration of acrolein in pork sausage (3.7 and 2.0 ng/g/g) was lower than in cassava (10.2 and 3.8 ng) when fried in sunflower and soybean oils, respectively. In contrast, when the denser oils (canola and palm) were used for frying, the concentration of acrolein in pork sausage (6.3 and 3.8 ng/g) was higher than in cassava (3.7 and 2.8 ng/g). Using corn oil, the concentrations of acrolein in both cassava and sausage were similar (approximately 5 ng/g). The viscosity of the oil, the fatty acid composition, especially the level of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids from the food, and oil uptake are factors that influence the acrolein concentration found in fried food.
Relación entre el rendimiento y las estrategias de crecimiento en las sociedades anónimas chilenas
Authors: Medina Giacomozzi Alex , Mardones Mardones Elba Amalia , Mercado Pérez Jonathan
Published: September 2013

La relación entre los resultados empresariales y la diversificación o concentración es un tema muy rele-vante, por lo que en este artículo se exponen las evidencias obtenidas al comparar el rendimiento obtenidopor 82 sociedades anónimas chilenas, seleccionadas al azar, con su estrategia de concentración o diversi-ficación. La metodología seguida implicó la clasificación de las estrategias mediante una matriz con baseen el Código Industrial Internacional Uniforme (CIIU) de Chile y la aplicación del método Du Pont parala determinación del resultado. La principal evidencia es que la mayoría son empresas concentradas,pero las sociedades con diversificación relacionada obtienen un mayor rendimiento promedio que lasempresas concentradas y que las compa˜nías con estrategia de diversificación no relacionada.
The carboxy‐terminal segment of the human LINE‐1 ORF2 protein is involved in RNA binding
Authors: Piskareva Olga , Ernst Christina , Higgins Niamh , Schmatchenko Vadim
Published: September 2013

The human LINE‐1/L1 ORF2 protein is a multifunctional enzyme which plays a vital role in the life cycle of the human L1 retrotransposon. The protein consists of an endonuclease domain, followed by a central reverse transcriptase domain and a carboxy‐terminal C‐domain with unknown function. Here, we explore the nucleic acid binding properties of the 180‐amino acid carboxy‐terminal segment (CTS) of the human L1 ORF2p in vitro. In a series of experiments involving gel shift assay, we demonstrate that the CTS of L1 ORF2p binds RNA in non‐sequence‐specific manner. Finally, we report that mutations destroying the putative Zn‐knuckle structure of the protein do not significantly affect the level of RNA binding and discuss the possible functional role of the CTS in L1 retrotransposition.
Solidarität und Wettbewerb in einem einheitlichen Krankenversicherungssystem
Authors: Rothgang Heinz , Jacobs Klaus
Published: September 2013

Einleitung

Das Nebeneinander von GKV und PKV konstituiert keinen „Systemwettbewerb“, da 90% der Versicherten de facto einem der beiden Systeme zugewiesen werden. Da die Privatversicherten gesünder und einkommensstärker sind, ist das duale System unsolidarisch und zudem allokativ dysfunktional, da der Versichertenstatus jenseits des medizinischen Bedarfs über die Versorgung mitentscheidet. Zu fordern ist stattdessen ein solidarisches integriertes Versicherungssystem mit einheitlicher Vergütungsordnung.
Vergütungssysteme und Wettbewerb im Gesundheitssystem
Authors: Krauth Christian , Jensen Sören , Wolf Sascha , Amelung Volker
Published: September 2013

Einleitung

Wie ein Vergütungssystem gestaltet wird, hat erhebliche Auswirkungen auf die Performance von Leistungserbringern. Zunehmend werden die Anreizwirkungen der Vergütungsformen bei der Steuerung der Gesundheitsversorgung berücksichtigt. Ziel monetärer Anreizsysteme ist es, Ergebnisse (bzgl. Effizienz und Qualität der Versorgung) zu realisieren, wie sie ein funktionierender Markt zeigt (der im Gesundheitssektor bekanntlich nur eingeschränkt funktioniert).
Markt + Staat = Effizienz im Gesundheitswesen? Einige kritische Anmerkungen
Authors: Mosebach Kai
Published: September 2013

Einleitung

Trotz Marktversagen sind Gesundheitsökonomen davon überzeugt, die Effizienz des Marktwettbewerbs durch politische Steuerung simulieren zu können. Diese Auffassung wird hier kritisiert, denn weder kann die Konsumentensouveränität für Patienten realisiert werden noch lassen sich dysfunktionale Effekte des Wettbewerbshandelns verhindern. Die zunehmende Kommerzialisierung des Gesundheitswesens hat paradoxerweise eine Desintegration der Versorgung und Entmachtung regulatorischer Behörden zur Folge.
Coopetition: am Ergebnis orientierte Prozessplanung für die integrierte Versorgung
Authors: Offermanns Guido
Published: September 2013

Einleitung

Qualitätsorientierter Wettbewerb fördert die Kooperationen zwischen Leistungserbringern in verschiedenen Versorgungssektoren. Der Coopetition-Ansatz zeigt, dass Kooperation im Wettbewerb einerseits zu einer besseren Patientenversorgung sowie andererseits zu Wettbewerbsvorteilen für die kooperierenden Leistungserbringer aus verschiedenen Versorgungssektoren führt. Ein wichtiges Instrument stellt dabei die ergebnisorientierte Prozessplanung dar, welche die bisher getrennt laufenden Prozesse auf die Patienten zugeschnitten verbindet. Im Mittelpunkt stehen dabei die Ergebnisse der Versorgung zu verbessern sowie gleichzeitig die Kosten zu senken.
Wettbewerb in der GKV: Kein Allheilmittel, aber wirksames Instrument
Authors: Pfeiffer Doris
Published: September 2013

Einleitung

Wettbewerb ist ein fundamentales Element unserer marktwirtschaftlichen Ordnung und zugleich anerkannter Teil des gesellschaftlichen Wertesystems. Spätestens seit dem „Kompromiss von Lahnstein“ ist dieses positive Wettbewerbsverständnis auch in der gesetzlichen Krankenversicherung (GKV) verbreitet. Zugleich bilden die Phänomene der asymmetrischen Information, der eingeschränkten Fähigkeit zur rationalen Entscheidung durch Krankheit sowie gesellschaftliche Anforderungen an die Allokationsergebnisse im „Gesundheitsmarkt“ die Grenzen dieses Wettbewerbs. Wettbewerbliche Steuerung in der GKV kann daher nicht als Allheilmittel gelten, aber sehr wohl als wichtiges Instrument, um effizientere Faktoreinsätze und eine bessere Ergebnisqualität zu erzielen. Aus Sicht der GKV bieten sich für wettbewerbliche Öffnungen einige Handlungsfelder an, z.B. die Ausschreibung von planbaren Krankenhausleistungen.
Ökonomisierung oder Kommerzialisierung der Gesundheitsversorgung
Authors: Porzsolt Franz
Published: September 2013

Einleitung

Im Gesundheitssystem ist zwischen Ökonomisierung, d.h. dem Abwägen zwischen Aufwand und Ertrag, und der Kommerzialisierung, d.h. dem Streben nach Gewinn zu unterscheiden. Die Ökonomisierung dient der Optimierung der Ergebnisse für die Patienten, die Kommerzialisierung der Optimierung der Ergebnisse für alle anderen Akteure des Systems oder deren Unternehmen. Jeder Akteur im Gesundheitssystem verfolgt primäre und sekundäre Ziele. Interessenskonflikte entstehen, wenn primäre und sekundäre Ziele vertauscht werden. Deshalb sind die von den Akteuren genannten und die von den Patienten empfundenen Ziele gegeneinander abzuwägen.
Gesundheitsökonomische Forschung in Hannover – das Center for Health Economics Research Hannover (CHERH)
Authors: Zeidler Jan , Prenzler Anne , Amelung Volker , Krauth Christian , von der Schulenburg J.-Matthias Graf
Published: September 2013

Einleitung

Das Center for Health Economics Research Hannover (CHERH) ist eines von vier geförderten Zentren der gesundheitsökonomischen Forschung in Deutschland. Die Forschungsschwerpunkte der Kooperation aus Leibniz Universität Hannover und der Medizinischen Hochschule Hannover liegen auf der Analyse von Routinedaten der Gesetzlichen Krankenversicherung, gesundheitsökonomischen Evaluationen, Verteilungsgerechtigkeit sowie der Messung von Patient Reported Outcomes. Das übergreifende Ziel des CHERH ist die gesundheitsökonomische Analyse und Optimierung von Versorgungsstrukturen.
Ethische Probleme wettbewerblicher Steuerung
Authors: Staber Jeanine , Pundt Johanne
Published: September 2013

Einleitung

Die zunehmend wettbewerbliche Steuerung in der Gesetzlichen Krankenversicherung hat das Ziel, Qualität und Effizienz der Gesundheitsversorgung zu verbessern. Allerdings können sich auch Marktergebnisse einstellen, die diesen Zielen zuwiderlaufen und gleichzeitig ethische Probleme hervorrufen, wie beispielsweise die Folgen der Vergütung im stationären Sektor zeigen. Daher sollten wettbewerbliche Regulierungen regelmäßig auf ihre Marktergebnisse hin beurteilt sowie ggf. geändert werden.
An ice-free Arctic Ocean: history, science, and scepticism
Authors: Luedtke Brandon
Published: September 2013

Over the last three centuries, geographers, oceanographers, geophysicists, glaciologists, climatologists, and geoengineers have shown great interest in Arctic Ocean sea ice extent. Many of these experts envisaged an ice-free Arctic Ocean. This article studies three stages of that narrative: the belief in an ice-free Arctic Ocean, the potential for one, and the threat of one. Eighteenth and nineteenth century interest in accessing navigable polar sea routes energised the belief in an iceless polar sea; an early twentieth century North Hemispheric warm spell combined with mid-century cold war geostrategy to open the potential for drastic sea ice loss; and, most recently, climate models have illuminated the threat of a seasonally ice-free future, igniting widespread concerns about the impact this might have on Earth's natural and physical systems. This long narrative of an ice-free Arctic Ocean can help to explain modern-day scepticism of human-induced environmental change in the far north.
An Early Helladic figurine from Thebes, Boeotia
Authors: Andrikou Eleni
Published: September 2013

A bone figurine of a standing naked woman was found in the SE part of the Kadmeia in 1995. It lay in an EH II–III layer. The head is missing and also the feet which were made separately and inserted. The figurine is on a miniature scale and can be associated with Cycladic prototypes. Evidence for the relations between Thebes and the Cyclades during the EBA is also briefly discussed.
Dating the Temple Repositories vases
Authors: Panagiotaki Marina
Published: September 2013

This paper examines a set of the most characteristic decorated vases from the Temple Repositories at Knossos. The aim is to re-assess the date of the destruction of the shrine to which the Temple Repositories material belonged.
A re-evaluation of the roof of the South Stoa at the Argive Heraion
Authors: Pfaff Christopher A.
Published: September 2013

The fifth-century BC South Stoa at the Argive Heraion was first excavated in the 1890s and was published in 1902 by E. Tilton. It was subsequently re-examined by J. J. Coulton, who clarified important aspects of the stoa's design. Ongoing investigations of the architecture of the Argive Heraion have now brought to light new evidence for the building which requires modification of the previous restorations of the roof. A series of slotted wall blocks assigned to the back wall of the building indicate that the stoa had a large shed roof instead of the saddle roof restored by Tilton and Coulton. This article presents the case for a new reconstruction of the roof and explains the appropriateness of the roof design to the specific conditions of the building site.
The Definition of Late Helladic I
Authors: Dickinson O. T. P. K.
Published: September 2013

In a previous article I argued that the one major stratified deposit published as LH I and accepted as such by Furumark, from Korakou, was in fact late LH IIA, and considered the implications of this redating for the development of LH II. If this view is accepted, it raises the question: what, then, is LH I ? In this article I wish to describe what I believe to be LH I; as I am not able to make use of a good closed deposit, I shall rely largely upon published material, much of which I have seen or handled, identified by style, shape, and features of manufacture. Since photographs of this material are readily accessible in well-known publications, I show only a few characteristic pieces (plate 20).
Trial KV (1969), A Middle Minoan Building at Knossos
Authors: Younger J. , Popham Mervyn R. , Warren P.
Published: September 2013

The excavation to be described below was an emergency undertaking and no more than a test in size and purpose. The finds, though by no means spectacular, were considerable in number and, being mostly contemporary, deserve publication despite the provisional nature of the excavation.

A villager planting tomatoes at Knossos brought to light a mass of plain pottery in the field of Michaelis Phrondarakis, situated in plot no. 2173 on the Greek Economic Survey (1950) Plan of the village; the locality is called Sochara and lies on the rising ground above the village coffee-shops, almost due west of the Palace. The discovery was reported to the Greek Archaeological Service which, after a little digging, collected much pottery and some plaster objects. Considering the site deserved fuller investigation, the Ephor, Dr. St. Alexiou, invited the School to carry out this work as a matter of urgency.
Notes from Knossos, Part I
Authors: Popham Mervyn
Published: September 2013

Rearrangement of the Stratigraphical Museum at Knossos, emergency digs, chance finds, and interrupted projects of study have combined to leave the author with material which is largely disjointed though some can be welded into cohesive units. Presented partly in the form of a catalogue and partly as expanded notes, it may be useful to those working in the various periods and fields of Minoan studies.

The catalogue below covers some of the finds preserved in the Stratigraphical Museum from the excavations of Evans and Curators at Knossos, which they did not publish or which have been subsequently restored; to these have been added more recent chance finds and objects from emergency excavations in the Knossos area for which the author was responsible. This is followed by an account of some of Evans's deposits from the Palace which have a bearing on the relationship of MM IIIB and LM IA pottery.
Bibliography of A. M. Woodward
Authors: Lewis D. M.
Published: September 2013

The compiler has marked with an asterisk those book-reviews which contain substantial original material or seem particularly characteristic of their author.