bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fossa navicularis in a pediatric patient: anatomical skull base variant with clinical implications
Authors: Alalade Andrew F. , Briganti Giovanni , Mckenzie Jo-Lyn , Gandhi Mitesh , Amato Damian , Panizza Benedict J. , Bowman James
Published: July 2018

The fossa navicularis is an anatomical variant of the skull base thought to be a rare finding. It represents a bony depression in the skull base. The authors here report the case of a fossa navicularis magna in a 9-year-old female who had been treated for recurrent episodes of meningitis.

A literature review was also done to highlight the unique features and clinical importance of this distinctive radiological skull base finding. The literature search covered papers from the 19th century up to 2018. Earlier authors described “fossa navicularis” as a very rare skull base finding. So far, only three cases of fossa navicularis with associated clival or intracranial infection have been reported in the literature. This is the fourth reported case, and the defect was closed endoscopically via a transnasal route. This morphological skull base anomaly should be considered in the differential diagnoses for an unexplained skull base infective pathology.

Skull base surgeons should be aware of the existence of the fossa navicularis because of its clinical importance in rendering a prompt diagnosis and appropriate treatment.
Опера «Дон Кихот» К. Альфтера: традиционное и новаторское в трактовке «вечного» образа
Authors: Mishchuk Viktoriia
Published: July 2018

В статье анализируются идейно-композиционные, драматургические основы и стилевые параметры оперы «Дон Кихот» современного испанского композитора Кристобаля Альфтера. Противопоставление атональных (сонорных) и тональных (стилизация барочной музыки) пластов буквально отражает суть конфликта — противостояние двух главных героев — Сервантеса и Дон Кихота окружающему миру агрессии и бездуховности. Образ Дон Кихота, усиленный парным персонажем — образом Сервантеса (=писателя), трактуется Альфтером как трагический, всечеловеческий, вместе с тем способный преобразовывать реальность, то есть выполняющий особое — культуротворческое назначение.Ключевые слова: образ Дон Кихота, образ Сервантеса, тема донкихотства, испанское, полистилистика.
До питання про класифікацію музичних інструментів.
Authors: Chernoivanenko Alla
Published: July 2018

У статті наголошується на важливості та необхідності вивчення музичних інструментів в тісному зв’язку з виконавським мисленням, з просторово-виконавськими прийомами гри, виконавською орієнтацією в просторі інструменту, формами ігрових рухів. Ключові слова: музичний інструмент, класифікація, мислення «простором інструменту», виконавський підхід.
Концепция энергии — энергийности в музыке и в музыковедческой терминологии
Authors: Pristalov Ihor
Published: July 2018

В статье определяется дискурсивное музыковедческое положение и значение понятий энергии и энергийности, обнаруживаются этимология и гуманитарный резонанс энергийно-информационного подхода к изучению музыкальных явлений. Раскрывается духовное содержание феномена энергийности и его особая важность в музыкальном исполнительстве.Ключевые слова: энергия, энергийность, музыкальная энергия, музыкант-творец, символика — экстатика — риторика.
Трилогия мазурок М. Глинки 1834–1835 годов и ее художественные смыслы
Authors: Timchenko-Bykhun Inna
Published: July 2018

Статья посвящена рассмотрению трех мазурок М. Глинки, созданных с небольшой хронологической разницей, как трилогии. Эта трактовка помогает осознать направленность композиторских стилевых поисков этого периода и значимость каждой миниатюры как микроэтапа эволюции его мышления.Ключевые слова: фортепианные мазурки, танцевальная музыка Глинки, этапы эволюции фортепианного стиля Глинки, русский салон XIX века.
Фортепианная соната С. Слонимского: особенности формообразования и исполнительской интерпретации
Authors: Sapsovich Olexandra
Published: July 2018

В статье рассматриваются формообразующие принципы Фортепианной сонаты С. Слонимского. Выясняется, что в сочинении претворились черты четырехчастного симфонического цикла, где I часть совмещает композиционные функции (В. Бобровский) сонатного аллегро и медленной части, а II часть — скерцо и быстрого финала. В анализе исполнительской интерпретации специальное внимание уделено проблемам фразировки, а также вопросам правомерности частично редуцированного (с купюрами) исполнения.Ключевые слова: драматургия, формообразование, фразировка, композиционные функции, принцип мотетности.
Басовые партии в операх Р. Вагнера в альтернативах образов героев и антигероев
Authors: Jianhui He
Published: July 2018

В статье выявлены некоторые закономерности выбора характеристик героев и антигероев, определявших выразительные альтернативы бас-баритонового пения и басов-буфф, в басовом репертуаре по сочинениям Р. Вагнера. В целом все значимые на рубежных творческих поворотах сочинения Р. Вагнера обладают тембровой динамикой, соотносимой либо с пассионными коллизиями, либо с дифференцированием на резонеров и волеизъявляющих индивидов, претворяющих волю в действие-зло, либо утверждающихся пассивным противостоянием злу, в том числе в личностном единстве одной персоны типа героев пост-тристановских композиций. Басовые партии в операх Р. Вагнера изначально, от реформаторских опер 1840-х годов, наделены резонерскими — «антирезонерскими» в том числе функциями, в ряде сочинений сюжетно и выразительно-знаково сближенных с символикой партии Иисуса Христа в немецком пассионе, а также с легендарно-мифологическими образами международного-межнационального смысла.Ключевые слова: амплуа героя — антигероя, немецкий пассион, резонер — антирезонер, басовые оперные амплуа, высокий бас — бас-баритон.
Духовные основы хоровой школы К. К. Пигрова и традиции «православной кантаты» в творчестве С. И. Танеева
Authors: Litvinenko Olena
Published: July 2018

Статья посвящена рассмотрению духовных основ хоровой школы К.К. Пигрова, органично соединившего в своей методике светскую и церковную традиции хорового пения, что в совокупности способствовало развитию не только профессиональных дирижерских и вокально-певческих навыков музыканта, но и его духовного мира. Составной частью «школы К.К Пигрова» можно также считать ее репертуарную специфику, в рамках которой существенное место принадлежит музыке С.И. Танеева, в частности, феномену «православной кантаты».Ключевые слова: хоровая школа К.К. Пигрова, кантата, «православная кантата», творчество С.И. Танеева.
Стилевая антиномия «актуальное – «неактуальное» в современной композиторской поэтике
Authors: Mishchenko Tetyana
Published: July 2018

Целью данной статьи является обоснование стилеобразующего значения антиномии «актуальное – неактуальное» в творчестве современных композиторов, объяснение данной антиномии как отражения «темпорального мировоззрения» авторов музыкальных композиций, притом в разные периоды творческой деятельности. Методические принципы работы обусловлены тем, что в актуальном стиле – актуальном времени ведущим оказывается поиск новаторских средств выразительности, а при неактуальной стилевой тенденции – авторское Я отходит на второй план, превалирует дань традиции, обращение к забытым фонемам, «тихое» высказывание, которое пробуждает имманентную активность сознания. Ключевые слова: антиномия, стиль, актуальные стиль, неактуальное в музыкальном искусстве, время, хронотоп, психосемантика.
Музично-інструментальна культура трипільської цивілізації (до питання реконструкції)
Authors: Oliinyk Olha
Published: July 2018

Стаття присвячена питанням реконструкції ударних і духових інструментів раннього та середнього етапів існування Трипільської цивілізації (4600-3700 рр. до н. е.). На основі порівняльного інструментознавчого аналізу у сакральних комплексах трипільської кераміки  виявлено   різні типи барабанів, що мають аналоги серед однотипних керамічних інструментів народів світу. Духові інструменти трипільців  реконструйовані  на основі чисельних однотипних інструментів різних  археологічних культур (палеоліту – доби бронзи) та народними технологіями їх виготовлення. Ключові слова: трипільські музичні інструменти, музична археологія, барабани, духові інструменти.
Провансальский «провинциализм» в творчестве Д. Мийо (на материале «Бразильских танцев» и 2-й сюиты «Скарамуш»)
Authors: Keting Lu
Published: July 2018

В статье обсуждается фортепианное творчество Д. Мийо в аспекте стилевого явления «провинциализмов» в профессиональной музыке минувшего столетия. «Провансальский провинциализм» французского композитора в «Бразильских танцах» и сюите «Скарамуш» рассматривается в ряду планетарного интереса к локально-диалектным явлениям как источнику интенсификации национального образа мира. Предлагается обоснование провансальского стиля Д. Мийо в контексте стилевой парадигмы музыкального искусства ХХ века. Ключевые слова: провинциализм, регионализм в музыке, диалектный стиль, стиль, жанр.
Духовное мироощущение С.С. Прокофьева и его проекции в хоровом творчестве
Authors: Lysenko Nataliya
Published: July 2018

Статья посвящена анализу генезиса и специфики духовного мировоззрения С.С. Прокофьева, его связям с русской духовно-религиозной и философской традицией, а также их проекциям в кантатно-ораториальных сочинениях композитора.Ключевые слова: хоровое творчество С.С. Прокофьева, кантата, оратория, архетипы советской культуры, Christian Science.
Лондонская и венская трактовки пианизма сквозь призму закона исторической синхронизации
Authors: Stepanova О.
Published: July 2018

Сквозь призму действия закона исторической синхронизации в результате применения метода сравнительного анализа представлено исследование процесса возникновения фортепиано, а также трактовок пианизма в их «лондонской» и «венской» версиях. На основе действия метода сравнительного анализа изучена роль трактатов М. Клементи – основоположника Лондонской – и И.Н. Гуммеля – завершителя Венской фортепианных школ в процессе формирования и обобщения функций пианизма последней трети ХVIII – первой четверти ХІХ столетий. Ключевые слова: пианизм, закон исторической синхронизации, Лондонская фортепианная школа, Венская фортепианная школа.
Образ автора в западно-европейской камерно-вокальной музыке романтического периода
Authors: Zhou Du
Published: July 2018

Изучение западноевропейской камерно-вокальной музыки романтического периода позволяет определять доминирующее значение в ее образном содержании авторского начала – музыкально-поэтическую экспликацию личностного образа автора-композитора. Цель статьи: выявить пути формирования авторской лирики и ее своеобразные свойства в камерно-вокальном творчестве западноевропейских композиторов романтической эпохи. Методической основой работы является формирование критериев оценки взаимодействия поэтического словесного материала и композиторского замысла, раскрытия глубинной диалогической природы последнего.Ключевые слова: автор, образ автора, словесно-поэтический текст, музыкальный текст, жанр, стилистический контент, камерно-вокальная поэтика Шуберта.
Салонная традиция в формировании клавирного символизма пианистического искусства С. Рахманинова – исполнителя и композитора
Authors: Androsova Daryа
Published: July 2018

В данной статье выделена пианистическая позиция С. Рахманинова как тенденция «клавиризации» фортепиано, что роднит его с А. Скрябиным и учителем обоих  Н. Зверевым, – в соответствии с «духом времени» установки на модерн в искусстве и в мыслительных операциях в целом. Систематизированы материалы по исполнительским прочтениям Рахманиновым собственных сочинений и композиций других авторов в направленности на модернистский принцип мышления. Также выделены в композиторской позиции Рахманинова соответствующие стилевые установки в поддержку пианизма модерна.Ключевые слова: салонная традиция, символизм, фортепианный стиль, исполнитель, композитор.
Творчество украинских композиторов в контексте эволюции музыкального пространства
Authors: Zavgorodniaya Galyna
Published: July 2018

Дано обоснование идеи господства логики полифонического мышления, формирующего особенности пространственно-временных отношений в современной музыке. Выявлена сложность полифонического звукового пространства, что позволяет оценить специфику рождения полифонического многоголосия как результата многоуровневых обобщений на каждом этапе стилевой эволюции. С разных сторон раскрывается специфика полифонических закономерностей как основного пути формирования музыкального мышления, как необходимой методологической формы познания художественной логики стиля музыкального произведения и конкретного композитора. Данный подход позволяет понять специфику современного музыкального мышления в целом.Ключевые слова: полифония, полифоническое мышление, полифонические закономерности, стиль, композитор, звуковое пространство.
Специфика проявления принципа программности в фортепианных циклах Э. Гранадоса И М. Мусоргского
Authors: Zayats Nataliya
Published: July 2018

Статья посвящена анализу специфики проявления принципа программности в фортепианном цикле «Гойески» Э. Гранадоса и в «Картинках с выставки» М. Мусоргского. Названные произведения возникли на пересечении музыкальной и художественной традиции (Ф. Гойя, В. Гартман) и рассматриваются в контексте жанрово-стилевых исканий русской и испанской культуры второй половины XIX – начала ХХ веков.Ключевые слова: программность, «Гойески» Э. Гранадоса, «Картинки с выставки» М. Мусоргского, Ф. Гойя, В. Гартман, романтизм, Ренсимьенто.
Towards the Structure of Black Holes in Asymptotically Safe Gravity
Authors: Adéìfẹ́ọba Adémọ́lá
Published: July 2018

Asymptotically safe quantum gravity suggests a resolution to the classical spacetime singularity of Schwarzschild-(A)dS black holes. In particular, this is realizable only for a vanishing microscopic value of the dimensionless cosmological constant at the asymptotically safe fixed point. To accommodate a nonzero infrared value of the cosmological constant, we consider the linearized Renormalization Group flow away from the fixed point, which is characterized by two critical exponents in the Einstein-Hilbert truncation. In this study, we show that the realization of a regular de-Sitter core places a bound on the universal gravitational critical exponents. Accordingly, our study hints at the possibility of singularity resolution in black holes, as explicit estimates of the critical exponents in the literature point towards a realization of our bound.
Model Penentu Market Price of Share Pada Sektor Manufaktur Yang Terdaftar di BEI
Authors: Deitiana Tita , Chriselda Renata
Published: July 2018

The purpose of this study to investigate the factor that influence Market Price of Share in Manufacture companies. The second objective is to identify influence independent variable to dependent variable.

Data for this study is the financial ratios calculated from the financial statement of Manufacture in Indonesia Stock Exchange over the five year period 2010 until 2014. The number of sample with purposive sampling method are 8 company as part of 119 Manufacture company. This study also measured by multiple linear regression method with software E-views 7.2.

The result show that there is significant relationship between Dividend per Share, Earnings per Share, and Book Value also there is not a significant relationship between Dividend Payout Ratio, Return on Networth, Price Earnings Ratio and Size with Market Price of Share.

Keyword:   Market Price of Share, Dividend per Share, Earnings per Share, Book Value, Dividend Payout Ratio, Return on Networth, Price Earnings Ratio, and Size
Innate Immune and Fungal Model of Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Parady Bodo
Published: July 2018

Various fungi and bacteria can colonize in the brain and produce physical alterations seen in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Environmental and genetic factors affect the occurrence of fungal colonization, and how fungi can grow, enter the brain, and interact with the innate immune system. The essence of AD development is the defeat of the innate immune system, whether through vulnerable patient health status or treatment that suppresses inflammation by suppressing the innate immune system. External and mechanical factors that lead to inflammation are a door for pathogenic opportunity. Current research associates the presence of fungi in the etiology of AD and is shown in cerebral tissue at autopsy. From the time of the discovery of AD, much speculation exists for an infective cause. Identifying any AD disease organism is obscured by processes that can take place over years. Amyloid protein deposits are generally considered to be evidence of an intrinsic response to stress or imbalance, but instead amyloid may be evidence of the innate immune response which exists to destroy fungal colonization through structural interference and cytotoxicity. Fungi can remain ensconced for a long time in niches or inside cells, and it is the harboring of fungi that leads to repeated reinfection and slow wider colonization that eventually leads to a grave outcome. Although many fungi and bacteria are associated with AD affected tissues, discussion here focuses on Candida albicans as the archetype of human fungal pathology because of its wide proliferation as a commensal fungus, extensive published research, numerous fungal morphologies, and majority proliferation in AD tissues.
Sex-Related Reserve Hypothesis in Alzheimer’s Disease: Changes in Cortical Thickness with a Five-Year Longitudinal Follow-Up
Authors: Lee Juyoun , Cho Hanna , Jeon Seun , Kim Hee Jin , Kim Yeo Jin , Lee Jeongmin , Kim Sung Tae , Lee Jong-Min , Chin Juhee , Lockhart Samuel N. , Lee Ae Young , Na Duk L. , Seo Sang Won
Published: July 2018

Background:

Sex effects on the progression of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) have received less attention than other demographic factors, including onset age and education.

Objective:

The aim of this study was to investigate whether sex affected cortical thinning in the disease progression of AD.

Methods:

We prospectively recruited 36 patients with early-stage AD and 14 people with normal cognition. All subjects were assessed with magnetic resonance imaging at baseline, Year 1, Year 3, and Year 5. We performed cortical thickness analyses using surface-based morphometry on magnetic resonance imaging.

Results:

Women with AD showed more rapid cortical thinning in the left dorsolateral frontal cortex, left superior temporal gyrus, bilateral temporo-parietal association cortices, bilateral anterior cingulate gyri, bilateral medial frontal cortices, and bilateral occipital cortices over 5 years than men with AD, even though there was no difference in cortical thickness at baseline. In contrast, there were no regions of significantly more rapid atrophy in men with AD.

Conclusions:

Our findings suggest that women deteriorate faster than men in the progression of AD.
La governance della risorsa idrica in agricoltura tra green economy e partecipazione
Authors: Paoloni Lorenza
Published: July 2018

Il contributo affronta il tema della governance del servizio idrico in agricoltura. Dopo un'introduzione riguardante la gestione della risorsa idrica nel settore agricolo, l'indagine si focalizza su alcuni provvedimenti di maggiore interesse. In particolare: la Direttiva quadro europea sulle acque, che istituisce un quadro per l'azione comunitaria in materia di acque; la Comunicazione della Commissione, sulle politiche di tariffazione per una gestione più sostenibile delle risorse idriche; le Linee guida del Mipaaf, per la regolamentazione da parte delle Regioni delle modalità di quantificazione dei volumi idrici ad uso irriguo; la nuova politica euro-pea di sviluppo rurale. L'analisi degli aspetti di maggiore criticità che affiorano nella governance del servizio idrico, sempre più modellata sui principi della sostenibilità ambientale, tocca anche le questioni relative alle tariffe ed al recupero dei costi ambientali della risorsa idrica. Emerge, infine, l'importanza della partecipazione delle comunità nella gestione del servizio idrico attraverso modelli negoziali, già accolti dal legislatore, quali i "contratti di fiume" che introducono una sorta di governance collettiva e, in alcune esperienze locali, riconoscono agli agricoltori il ruolo di "guardiani del fiume"
Alcune note sul fondamento costituzionale del diritto al cibo: i doveri della Repubblica e la diversità alimentare
Authors: Troisi Michele
Published: July 2018

Il diritto al cibo, pur non essendo esplicitamente previsto nella Costituzione ita-liana, riceve un'indubbia copertura da principi quali quello personalista e lavorista; si tratta, infatti, di un diritto che tocca il "nucleo irriducibile della persona umana", come ha avuto modo di chiarire la stessa Corte costituzionale nella sentenza n. 10/2010. Nel presente contributo, allora, si analizza in cosa si sostanzi il dovere della Repubblica rispetto al diritto in questione. In particolare, tale dovere implica un impegno dei pubblici poteri tanto a rendere effettivo il diritto al cibo (con strumenti quali il "minimo vitale"), quanto a proteggerlo. Sotto quest'ultimo profilo, si di-schiude l'importante ed attuale tutela della diversità alimentare, concetto che trova un'indubbia copertura costituzionale (dai principi fondamentali, come gli artt. 2, 5, 9, alla seconda parte della Costituzione, artt.114 e 118) e legislativa. Interessante è dunque l'analisi, tanto, de iure condito, della legislazione che Stato e Regioni stanno producendo a tutela della diversità alimentare, quanto, de iure condendo, dei principi che i vari enti della Repubblica dovranno seguire per la valorizzazione del patrimonio identitario del cibo e del territorio.
Le acque private
Authors: Enrichens Nicola
Published: July 2018

Nel presente contributo si intendono svolgere alcune considerazioni in punto acque private: in particolare, il proposito è quello di ricostruire sotto il profilo normativo la disciplina oggi in vigore per le acque private e, per conseguenza, segna-lare quali sono le realtà in cui il legislatore, la dottrina e la giurisprudenza ricono-scono ancora oggi la proprietà privata dell'acqua.
New species of the genus Eriovixia Archer, 1951 (Araneae: Araneidae) from Bangladesh
Authors: Biswas Vivekanand , Raychaudhuri Dinendra
Published: July 2018

A study on the orb-weaving spider genus Eriovixia Archer was carried out from different areas of Bangladesh. Two species of the genus were recorded of which one species E. nocturnalis nov. sp. is reported to be new to science and another one E. laglaizei (Simon) is a new record for the area of present study. The paper contains generic diagnosis, illustrated description, distribution and key to the species.Bangladesh J. Zool. 46(1): 1-10, 2018
Occurrence of endoparasites in some selected fishes of Chenab river, Pakistan
Authors: Bibi Fehmeeda , Qaisrani Shafqat Nawaz , Ayaz Mazhar , Nazir Mudasser , Ahmad Atif Nisar , Muhammad Awais Mian , Khan Bushra Nisar , Akhtar Masood
Published: July 2018

The current study was carried out to evaluate prevalence of endoparasites in freshwater fishes of Chenab River. The fish samples were collected from Chenab River during November 2014 to March 2015. In total, 285 fishes were examined for parasites, of which 75 fishes (26.1% of the total sample) were infected with parasites. Among the species, prevalence of infection was maximum in Rita rita (60%) and in Labeo rohita (37.5%). The minimum prevalence was, however, recorded in Oreochromis aureus (16.7%) and no parasite was found in Mastacembatus armatus. Among the organs, highest prevalence of endoparasites was observed in the intestine (43%) and gall bladder (33.2%). The prevalence of nematode and trematode was found higher (29 and 21%, respectively) in all fishes. It was revealed that the diversity of endoparasites in freshwater fishes is high. Since the use of fish as a ready source of food is increasing, therefore, the overall health status of fish in a system is becoming more valuable.Bangladesh J. Zool. 46(1): 53-61, 2018
Intensive polyculture of common carp (Cyprinus carpio), mirror carp (Cyprinus carpio carpio), silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys Molitrix) and grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon Idella) at different stocking densities
Authors: Roy Dulon , Petrobich Zavyalov Aleksandar , Aleksebich Blacob Balentin , Latifa Gulshan Ara
Published: July 2018

An experiment was carried out for 6 months on rearing of common carp, mirror carp, grass carp and silver carp under polyculture system at different stocking densities in cemented tanks (5 - 7 m in diameter and water depth 1.0 - 1.5 m). Observations were made on fish growth in terms of monthly and per day weight gain. Grass carp attained the maximum weight 686 ± 17, 720 ± 16.5 and 765 ± 9.6 in three tanks, respectively. Weight gained followed by silver carp as 680 ± 10 g, 680 ± 12.6 g and 701 ± 9.2 g in tank 1, tank 2 and tank 3, respectively. The common carp gained its average maximum weight 525 ± 10.7 g in tank3 and the mirror carp also attained its maximum weight 500 ± 12.2 g in same tank. In common carp the maximum average daily weight gain (3.2 ± 0.1 g) was in the month of December and lowest was (1.92 ± 0.2 g) in the month of August in tank 3. In mirror carp the maximum average daily weight gain (3.03 ± 0.09 g) was in the month of September and lowest (1.41 ± 0.07g) in the month of July in tank 3 and tank 2, respectively. In grass carp the maximum average daily weight gain (4.24 ± 0.17 g) was in the month of August and lowest (2.72 ± 0.07 g) in the month of July in tank 3 and tank 1, respectively. Among silver carp the maximum average daily weight gain (4.45 ± 0.01 g) recorded in the month of October and lowest was (2.61 ± 0.11 g) in the month of July in tank 1. The specific growth rate (SGR) was 1.23 ± 0.64 to 1.33 ± 0.83 in common carp, 1.27 ± 0.9 to 1.34 ± 0.8 in mirror carp, 1.36 ± 0.86 to 1.55 ± 1.13 in grass carp and 1.41 ± 0.83 to 1.52 ± 1.09 in silver carp in different culture treatments.Bangladesh J. Zool. 46(1): 71-80, 2018
Holt-Oram Syndrome: A Variety of Heart-Hand Syndrome
Authors: Ahmed Md Khurshed , Hoque Harisul , Zaman SM Mustafa , Rahman Mukhlesur , Khaled Md Fakhrul Islam , Chowdhury MSI Tipu , Bashar Adnan , Sultan Md Ashraf Uddin , Fatema Nilufar
Published: July 2018

Holt-Oram syndrome (HOS) is a heart-upper limb malformation complex , is a rare autosomal dominant disorder, caused by a mutation in the TBX5 gene located on chromosome 12 and near complete penetrance but variable expression. Holt and Oram first described this syndrome in 1960. Approximately 40% of cases represent new mutations. The syndrome is associated with defective development of cardiac structures that results in atrial septal defect(ASD), most commonly the secundum type; heart block of varying degree or both.The syndrome is characterized by cardiac malformations and aplasia or hypoplasia of the thumb. The incidence of HOS is estimated at 1:100,000 live births. In the literature, it is also known as atriodigital syndrome, heart-hand syndrome, upper limb-cardiovascular syndrome, cardiac-limb syndrome, or cardiomelic syndrome. Herein, we report a 45-year-old female case of HOS presenting a large ostium secundum type ASD along with congenitally fusion of carpal bones in both hands and absence of right first metacarpal bone with triphalagial thumb where as hypoplastic proximal phalange. In left hand, hypoplastic first metacarpal bone and hypoplastic thumb with syndactyly of both thumb with index finger.University Heart Journal Vol. 13, No. 2, July 2017; 67-71
‘We Still Wanted That Sense of Occasion’: Traditions and Meaning-Making in Scottish Humanist Marriage Ceremonies
Authors: Kasselstrand Isabella
Published: July 2018

As a secularising nation in Northern Europe, Scotland has, over the last few decades, experienced a steep decline in religious belonging, church attendance, and beliefs. Ritual participation, which is arguably an understudied dimension of secularisation, follows a similar pattern of decline, with a significant majority of Scottish marriage rituals now being conducted in secular ceremonies. Using data from semi-structured in-depth interviews with 17 married couples, this study examines the decisions that secular Scots make when planning their wedding. Moreover, it places a particular focus on humanist marriage ceremonies, which have seen a noteworthy increase in popularity since they became legally recognised in Scotland in 2005. The secular participants emphasised the role of personal convictions and family expectations in choosing a particular type of marriage ceremony. The narratives also revealed how positive attitudes toward humanist ceremonies, in contrast with civil ceremonies, are centred around their ability to create personalised, nonreligious, celebrations that nevertheless give attention to culture and heritage. Ultimately, the findings suggest that repeating history through cultural traditions are an important aspect of both secular and religious rites of passage.
Putting Towns on the Policy Map: Understanding Scottish Places (USP)
Authors: Findlay Anne , Jackson Matthew , McInroy Neil , Prentice Phil , Robertson Ewan , Sparks Leigh
Published: July 2018

Studies of places have been dichotomised as rural or urban. Towns, however, are neither rural nor urban. Towns have been neglected in research and policy agendas. In England the recent focus has been on high streets whereas in Scotland it has been on places and towns. Understanding Scottish Places (USP) is a web based platform that has become a key tool for evidence gathering, town comparison, knowledge exchange, regeneration planning and informed decision making for Scottish towns. USP is novel and contemporary and is engaging new ways of looking at, and planning in, and for, towns. This paper places USP in its research context and considers its development and use.
Analysis of Stress Resistance Using Next Generation Techniques
Authors: Messerer Maxim , Lang Daniel , Mayer Klaus F. X.
Published: July 2018

Food security for a growing world population remains one of the most challenging tasks. Rapid climate change accelerates the loss of arable land used for crop production, while it simultaneously imposes increasing biotic and abiotic stresses on crop plants. Analysis and molecular understanding of the factors governing stress tolerance is in the focus of scientific and applied research. One plant is often mentioned in the context with stress resistance—Chenopodium quinoa. Through improved breeding strategies and the use of next generation approaches to study and understand quinoa’s salinity tolerance, an important step towards securing food supply is taken.
Modeling of the Temperature Profiles and Thermoelectric Effects in Phase Change Memory Cells
Authors: Ma Changcheng , He Jing , Lu Jingjing , Zhu Jie , Hu Zuoqi
Published: July 2018

Phase change memory (PCM) is an important element in the development and realization of new forms of brain-like computing. In this article, a three-dimensional finite element method simulation is carried out to study the temperature profiles within PCM cells for a better understanding of switching operations. On the basis of a finite difference method, the simulation consists of phase transition kinetics, electrical, thermal, percolation effect, as well as thermoelectric effects, using temperature-dependent material parameters. The Thomson effect within the phase-change material and the Peltier effect at the electrode contact are respectively considered for a detailed analysis of the impact on the temperature profiles and the programming current for switching processes. The simulation results show that switching operations are primarily implemented by the melting and quenching of the phase-change material close to the contact between the bottom electrode and phase change material, and its final phase distribution is determined by the cooling rate. With positive current polarity, thermoelectric effects improve heating efficiency and then reduce the programming current. Because of the different occurrence region, the Peltier effect significantly changes the temperature profile, which is more influential in switching operations. Additionally, the contribution of thermoelectric effects decreases with the cell size scaling because of the weakening of the Peltier effect. This paper aims at providing a more precise description of the thermoelectric phenomena taking place in switching operations for future PCM design.
Multiellipsoidal Mapping Algorithm
Authors: Villaseñor Carlos , Arana-Daniel Nancy , Alanis Alma Y. , Lopez-Franco Carlos , Gomez-Avila Javier
Published: July 2018

The robotic mapping problem, which consists in providing a spatial model of the environment to a robot, is a research topic with a wide range of applications. One important challenge of this problem is to obtain a map that is information-rich (i.e., a map that preserves main structures of the environment and object shapes) yet still has a low memory cost. Point clouds offer a highly descriptive and information-rich environmental representation; accordingly, many algorithms have been developed to approximate point clouds and lower the memory cost. In recent years, approaches using basic and “simple” (i.e., using only planes or spheres) geometric entities for approximating point clouds have been shown to provide accurate representations at low memory cost. However, a better approximation can be implemented if more complex geometric entities are used. In the present paper, a new object-mapping algorithm is introduced for approximating point clouds with multiple ellipsoids and other quadratic surfaces. We show that this algorithm creates maps that are rich in information yet low in memory cost and have features suitable for other robotics problems such as navigation and pose estimation.
Comparative Study of Dynamic Stall under Pitch Oscillation and Oscillating Freestream on Wind Turbine Airfoil and Blade
Authors: Zhu Chengyong , Wang Tongguang
Published: July 2018

This study aims to assess the dynamic stall of the wind turbine blade undergoing pitch oscillation (PO) and oscillating freestream (OF), respectively. Firstly, a thin-airfoil theoretical analysis was performed to differentiate between these two dynamic effects. During upstroke, PO results in a positive effective airfoil camber, while OF has an additional negative effective airfoil camber, and yet in contrast during downstroke, PO decreases the effective camber, while OF increases the effective camber. Secondly, the equivalence relation between PO and OF is investigated by numerically solving the unsteady Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equations. The difference between PO and OF mainly exists in the linear part of the aerodynamic loads. Because the difference is great at high reduced frequencies or angle of attack (AOA) amplitudes, PO and OF should be treated separately for dynamic stall from different aerodynamic sources. Thirdly, the Beddoes-Leishman dynamic model coupled with Bak’s rotational stall delay model was used to predict the yawed responses of the blade section. The obtained results show different aerodynamic responses between PO and OF, although consideration of rotational augmentation can greatly improve the accuracy of the lift and drag coefficients. To improve the understanding and coupling modeling of rotational augmentation and dynamic stall, an extended analysis of the coupled effect was performed as well.
Dynamic Response Evaluation of Long-Span Reinforced Arch Bridges Subjected to Near- and Far-Field Ground Motions
Authors: Mohseni Iman , Lashkariani Hamidreza Alinejad , Kang Junsuk , Kang Thomas H.-K.
Published: July 2018

This study assessed the structural performance of reinforced concrete (RC) arch bridges under strong ground motion. A detailed three-dimensional finite element model of a 400 m RC arch bridge with composite superstructure and double RC piers was developed and its behavior when subjected to strong earthquakes examined. Two sets of ground motion records were applied to simulate pulse-type near- and far-field motions. The inelastic behavior of the concrete elements was then evaluated via a seismic time history analysis. The concept of Demand to Capacity Ratios (DCR) was utilized to produce an initial estimate of the dynamic performance of the structure, emphasizing the importance of capacity distribution of force and bending moment within the RC arch and the springings and piers of the bridge. The results showed that the earthquake loads, broadly categorized as near- and far-field earthquake loads, changed a number of the bridge’s characteristics and hence its structural performance.
Depression Detection Using Relative EEG Power Induced by Emotionally Positive Images and a Conformal Kernel Support Vector Machine
Authors: Wu Chien-Te , Dillon Daniel G. , Hsu Hao-Chun , Huang Shiuan , Barrick Elyssa , Liu Yi-Hung
Published: July 2018

Electroencephalography (EEG) can assist with the detection of major depressive disorder (MDD). However, the ability to distinguish adults with MDD from healthy individuals using resting-state EEG features has reached a bottleneck. To address this limitation, we collected EEG data as participants engaged with positive pictures from the International Affective Picture System. Because MDD is associated with blunted positive emotions, we reasoned that this approach would yield highly dissimilar EEG features in healthy versus depressed adults. We extracted three types of relative EEG power features from different frequency bands (delta, theta, alpha, beta, and gamma) during the emotion task and resting state. We also applied a novel classifier, called a conformal kernel support vector machine (CK-SVM), to try to improve the generalization performance of conventional SVMs. We then compared CK-SVM performance with three machine learning classifiers: linear discriminant analysis (LDA), conventional SVM, and quadratic discriminant analysis. The results from the initial analyses using the LDA classifier on 55 participants (24 MDD, 31 healthy controls) showed that the participant-independent classification accuracy obtained by leave-one-participant-out cross-validation (LOPO-CV) was higher for the EEG recorded during the positive emotion induction versus the resting state for all types of relative EEG power. Furthermore, the CK-SVM classifier achieved higher LOPO-CV accuracy than the other classifiers. The best accuracy (83.64%; sensitivity = 87.50%, specificity = 80.65%) was achieved by the CK-SVM, using seven relative power features extracted from seven electrodes. Overall, combining positive emotion induction with the CK-SVM classifier proved useful for detecting MDD on the basis of EEG signals. In the future, this approach might be used to develop a brain–computer interface system to assist with the detection of MDD in the clinic. Importantly, such a system could be implemented with a low-density electrode montage (seven electrodes), highlighting its practical utility.
Systematic Investigation of Prelithiated SiO2 Particles for High-Performance Anodes in Lithium-Ion Battery
Authors: Han Yuyao , Liu Xinyi , Lu Zhenda
Published: July 2018

Prelithiation is an important strategy used to compensate for lithium loss during the formation of a solid electrolyte interface (SEI) layer and the other irreversible reactions at the first stage of electrochemical cycling. In this paper, we report a systematic study of thermal prelithiation of SiO2 particles with different sizes (6 nm, 20 nm, 300 nm and 3 μm). All four lithiated anodes (LixSi/Li2O composites) show improved performance over pristine SiO2. More interestingly, lithiated product from micron-sized SiO2 particle demonstrates optimum performance with a charge capacity of 1859 mAhg−1 initially and maintains above 1300 mAhg−1 for over 50 cycles.
An Integration Strategy for Acoustic Metamaterials to Achieve Absorption by Design
Authors: Yang Min , Sheng Ping
Published: July 2018

As much of metamaterials’ properties originate from resonances, the novel characteristics displayed by acoustic metamaterials are a narrow bandwidth and high dispersive in nature. However, for practical applications, broadband is often a necessity. Furthermore, it would even be better if acoustic metamaterials can display tunable bandwidth characteristics, e.g., with an absorption spectrum that is tailored to fit the noise spectrum. In this article we present a designed integration strategy for acoustic metamaterials that not only overcomes the narrow-band Achilles’ heel for acoustic absorption but also achieves such effect with the minimum sample thickness as dictated by the law of nature. The three elements of the design strategy comprise: (a) the causality constraint, (b) the determination of resonant mode density in accordance with the input target impedance, and (c) the accounting of absorption by evanescent waves. Here, the causality constraint relates the absorption spectrum to a minimum sample thickness, derived from the causal nature of the acoustic response. We have successfully implemented the design strategy by realizing three structures of which one acoustic metamaterial structure, comprising 16 Fabry-Perot resonators, is shown to exhibit near-perfect flat absorption spectrum starting at 400 Hz. The sample has a thickness of 10.86 cm, whereas the minimum thickness as dictated by the causality constraint is 10.55 cm in this particular case. A second structure demonstrates the flexible tunability of the design strategy by opening a reflection notch in the absorption spectrum, extending from 600 to 1000 Hz, with a sample thickness that is only 3 mm above the causality minimum. We compare the designed absorption structure with conventional absorption materials/structures, such as the acoustic sponge and micro-perforated plate, with equal thicknesses as the metamaterial structure. In both cases the designed metamaterial structure displays superior absorption performance in the target frequency range.
A Statistical Parameter Correction Technique for WRF Medium-Range Prediction of Near-Surface Temperature and Wind Speed Using Generalized Linear Model
Authors: Jeong Jinmyeong , Lee Seung-Jae
Published: July 2018

A statistical post-processing method was developed to increase the accuracy of numerical weather prediction (NWP) and simulation by matching the daily distribution of predicted temperatures and wind speeds using the generalized linear model (GLM) and parameter correction, considering an increase in model bias when the range of the prediction time lengthens. The Land Atmosphere Modeling Package Weather Research and Forecasting model, which provides 12-day agrometeorological predictions for East Asia, was employed from May 2017 to April 2018. Training periods occurred one month prior to and after the test period (12 days). A probabilistic consideration accounts for the relatively short training period. Based on the total and monthly root mean square error values for each test site, the results show an improvement in the NWP accuracy after bias correction. The spatial distributions in July and January were compared in detail. It was also shown that the physical consistency between temperature and wind speed was retained in the correction procedure, and that the GLM exhibited better performance than the quantile matching method based on monthly Pearson correlation comparison. The characteristics of coastal and mountainous sites are different from inland automatic weather stations, indicating that supplements to cover these distinctive topographic locations are necessary.
Evidence for the Involvement of the Master Transcription Factor NF-κB in Cancer Initiation and Progression
Authors: Puar Yu , Shanmugam Muthu , Fan Lu , Arfuso Frank , Sethi Gautam , Tergaonkar Vinay
Published: July 2018

Nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) is responsible for the regulation of a large number of genes that are involved in important physiological processes, including survival, inflammation, and immune responses. At the same time, this transcription factor can control the expression of a plethora of genes that promote tumor cell proliferation, survival, metastasis, inflammation, invasion, and angiogenesis. The aberrant activation of this transcription factor has been observed in several types of cancer and is known to contribute to aggressive tumor growth and resistance to therapeutic treatment. Although NF-κB has been identified to be a major contributor to cancer initiation and development, there is evidence revealing its role in tumor suppression. This review briefly highlights the major mechanisms of NF-κB activation, the role of NF-κB in tumor promotion and suppression, as well as a few important pharmacological strategies that have been developed to modulate NF-κB function.
Micro-Raman Spectroscopy for Monitoring of Deposition Quality of High-k Stack Protective Layer onto Nanowire FET Chips for Highly Sensitive miRNA Detection
Authors: Malsagova Kristina A. , Pleshakova Tatyana O. , Kozlov Andrey F. , Shumov Ivan D. , Ilnitskii Mikhail A. , Miakonkikh Andrew V. , Popov Vladimir P. , Rudenko Konstantin V. , Glukhov Alexander V. , Kupriyanov Igor N. , Ivanova Nina D. , Rogozhin Alexander E. , Archakov Alexander I. , Ivanov Yuri D.
Published: July 2018

Application of micro-Raman spectroscopy for the monitoring of quality of high-k (h-k) dielectric protective layer deposition onto the surface of a nanowire (NW) chip has been demonstrated. A NW chip based on silicon-on-insulator (SOI) structures, protected with a layer of high-k dielectric ((h-k)-SOI-NW chip), has been employed for highly sensitive detection of microRNA (miRNA) associated with oncological diseases. The protective dielectric included a 2-nm-thick Al2O3 surface layer and a 8-nm-thick HfO2 layer, deposited onto a silicon SOI-NW chip. Such a chip had increased time stability upon operation in solution, as compared with an unprotected SOI-NW chip with native oxide. The (h-k)-SOI-NW biosensor has been employed for the detection of DNA oligonucleotide (oDNA), which is a synthetic analogue of miRNA-21 associated with oncological diseases. To provide biospecificity of the detection, the surface of (h-k)-SOI-NW chip was modified with oligonucleotide probe molecules (oDVA probes) complementary to the sequence of the target biomolecule. Concentration sensitivity of the (h-k)-SOI-NW biosensor at the level of DL~10−16 M has been demonstrated.
Workplace Racial Composition Explains High Perceived Discrimination of High Socioeconomic Status African American Men
Authors: Assari Shervin , Moghani Lankarani Maryam
Published: July 2018

Background: Sociological and epidemiological literature have both shown that socioeconomic status (SES) protects populations and individuals against health problems. Recent research, however, has shown that African Americans gain less from their SES and African Americans of high SES, particularly males, may be vulnerable to perceived discrimination, as explained by the Minorities’ Diminished Returns theory. One potential mechanism for this phenomenon is that high SES African Americans have a higher tendency to work in predominantly White workplaces, which increases their perceived discrimination. It is, however, unknown if the links between SES, working in predominantly White work groups and perceived discrimination differ for male and female African Americans. Aim: To test the associations between SES, workplace racial composition and perceived discrimination in a nationally representative sample of male and female African American adults. Methods. This study included a total number of 1775 employed African American adults who were either male (n = 676) or female (n = 1099), all enrolled from the National Survey of American Life (NSAL). The study measured gender, age, SES (educational attainment and household income), workplace racial composition and perceived discrimination. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was applied in the overall sample and also by gender. Results: In the pooled sample that included both genders, high education and household income were associated with working in a predominantly White work group, which was in turn associated with more perceived discrimination. We did not find gender differences in the associations between SES, workplace racial composition and perceived discrimination. Conclusion: Although racial composition of workplace may be a mechanism by which high SES increases discriminatory experiences for African Americans, males and females may not differ in this regard. Policies are needed to reduce discrimination in racially diverse workplaces. This is particularly the case for African Americans who work in predominantly White work environments.