bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
SYSTEMIC AMYLOIDOSIS INVOLVING DUODENUM AND LIVER – POOR OUTCOME
Authors: Mohanty Madhusmita , Sahu Nageswar , Nath Preetam , Senapati Urmila
Published: September 2024

Amyloidosis involving the liver and gastrointestinal tract had a very unusual presentation. We present a case of small bowel diarrhea and
unexplained weight loss in an elderly male patient, further workup reveals amyloid deposit in the liver and duodenum, which was conrmed under
a polarised microscope. So, in the unusual presentation of patients who may need a workup for amyloidosis, the physicians may keep a biopsy in
mind.
POSITIVE RESECTION MARGINS IN CROHN'S DISEASE SIGNIFICANTLY INCREASE THE LIKELIHOOD OF DISEASE RECURRING AFTER SURGERY.
Authors: Suneel Babu Palepu , Reddy D Nikhil , Sai Narayan Putta , Supreeth Batchu Naga , Saleha Shaik , Reddy V Mahidhar
Published: September 2024

Disease recurrence postoperatively in Crohn's disease remains a signicant concern despite rapid progress in surgical and medical treatments. To
better identify at-risk patients and develop targeted therapeutic approaches, more criteria are required. The inuence of resection margins on
disease recurrence is still uncertain, and general guidelines are lacking. A single-center retrospective study was conducted, including all patients
who underwent ileocecal resection due to Crohn's disease. The resection margins were evaluated by two independent pathologists using
histopathological criteria from previous consensus reports.The study included 114 patients, with a median follow-up of 35 months. The analysis
revealed that while postoperative morbidity was unaffected, positive resection margins are signicantly increased the rates of severe endoscopic
recurrence at 6 months (15.6% vs. 2.0%, p = 0.02) and overall (19.6% vs. 4.2%, p = 0.001), leading to a higher rate of surgical recurrence (4.5% vs.
0%, p = 0.04). The presence of positive margins was identied as an independent risk factor for severe recurrence of endoscopic disease in a
multivariate analysis. Therefore, positive margins are an independent risk factor for both postoperative endoscopic and surgical disease recurrence.
Prospective studies are required to determine whether patients with positive resection margins would benet from extended resection or
postoperative medical prophylaxis.
A PROSPECTIVE STUDY TO EVALUATE THE TREATMENT OUTCOME OF TUBERCULAR PLEURAL EFFUSION REGISTERED UNDER NATIONAL TUBERCULOSIS ELIMINATION PROGRAMME
Authors: Meghwanshi Ranjeet Singh , Yadav Gulab Singh , Sharma Ravikant , Jain Shubhra
Published: September 2024

Background: Tuberculosis is the leading etiology of pleural effusion in developing countries. Administration of anti-tubercular therapy (ATT)
cures tuberculous pleural effusion and reduces the incidence of subsequent TB, hence it is important to establish the diagnosis of tuberculous
pleural effusion and initiate the proper treatment. This study aims to assess the treatment outcome of tubercular pleural effusion patients treated
under NTEP. Material & Methods: A prospective study was done on 72 patients attending with pleural effusion at IRD, SMS Medical College,
Jaipur after applying inclusion and exclusion criteria from April 2021 to March 2022. The patients included were diagnosed completely by
collecting their detailed history, clinical examination, routine blood investigations, sputum examination, chest X-rays, ultrasound of thorax and
pleural uid analysis. Data from the study were collected, tabulated and analyzed statistically using SPSS version 22.0 for data processing and
statistics. The following tests were used t-test, Chi-Square (x2), and Logistic regression analysis.Results: Our study showed that 62.5% of patients
reside in rural areas and 37.5% of patients were resides in the urban area. Most patients were Hindus (86.11%) and 16.66% were Muslims. They
were mostly married. On the estimation of pleural uid protein, 66 (91.66%) patients were having pleural uid protein values of more than 3.0 g/dl.
Our study showed that 30 (41.66%) were reported as having ADAin the ranges 40-60 U/L, 22 patients having 60.1-80U/L and only 4 patients had
>100U/L. In the present study, the random blood sugar observed was >200 mg/dl in 4.16% of the patients with TPE. After treatment, 1 patient died
during the course of treatment, 9 loss to follow-up, 7 were abnormal in chest x-ray and 2 did not attend for X-ray in our study. Conclusion: The
denitive diagnosis of TB pleural effusions depends on the demonstration of M tuberculosis in sputum, pleural uid, or pleural biopsy specimens.
Supportive evidence includes the demonstration of classical TB granulomas in the pleura and elevated adenosine deaminase (ADA) in pleural
uid. Clinical prole &chest X-ray showed marked improvement on NTEP regimen. Hence our study also supports better treatment outcomes on
NTEPregimen in tubercular pleural effusion.
SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA OF OESOPHAGUS PRESENTING INITIALLY AS MULTIPLE SPINAL METASTASIS - AN UNUSUAL PRESENTATION AND REVIEW OF LITERATURE.
Authors: S Radhika , V Janarthanan , C Ilayaraja , M Mariappan , N Lavanya , J Jamuna , R Rajkumar , Mathew Boon
Published: September 2024

Oesophageal carcinoma presenting as spinal metastasis is rare accounting for ~1-14% and indicates a poor prognosis. Herein, we report an
exceedingly rare case of spinal metastasis of an oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma who presented with low back ache which was the initial
presentation. A 60 year-old man presented with low back ache since 5 months. MRI lumbar spine showed multiple vertebral lesions - skeletal
metastasis and omental metastasis. Biopsy from D9 vertebral level showed features of well differentiated squamous cell carcinoma. PET- CT
showed metabolically active soft tissue thickening noted involving the cardia of the stomach and lower thoracic oesophagus - ?primary site.
Metabolically active multiple adenopathy, omental deposits, multiple lytic skeletal lesions and hypodense liver lesions were noted. Upper
gastrointestinal tract (GI) endoscopy and biopsy from the lesion in lower oesophagus showed features of moderate to poorly differentiated
squamous cells carcinoma. Palliative chemotherapy was initiated and the patient is on follow-up. This case emphasis that oesophageal carcinoma
can present with bone pain as an initial symptom due to skeletal metastasis. Though rare, skeletal metastasis could be the initial presentation of an
underlying malignancy and it requires a multidisciplinary approach.
SEROPREVALENCE OF HBV & HCV IN GENERAL POPULATION
Authors: Dey Susmita , Vasantrao Bhagat Yogita
Published: September 2024

Introduction: Hepatitis is an infection-induced liver inammation that is a major public health issue. Hepatitis is caused by viruses including HAV,
HBV, HCV, HDV, and HEV. The aim of this study was to estimate the sero-prevalence of HBV and HCV infection among patients, who had been
treated for various diagnoses in different departments of a tertiary care hospital in Maharashtra, India. Materials And Methods: This is a
prospective cross sectional study conducted to study the prevalence of HBV and HCV infection in the general population in the state of
Maharashtra. The study period was of 18 months. Results: Atotal number of 12236 patients were included in this study. About 210 (1.71%) out of
12236 patients were sero-positive for HBsAg and 30 (0.24%) patients were sero-positive for HCV. About 112(53.33%) male and 98(46.66%)
females were HBsAg positive. About 9(30%) male and 21(70%) female were HCV positive. Conclusion: The prevalence of HBV was 1.71% and
HCV was 0.24% in the general population of Maharashtra. This seroprevalence is low as compared to WHO estimates and previous reports from
India. Males contributed to higher prevalence with HBV infection. Whereas the prevalence of HCV was more in females. Availability of sufcient
recent estimates of HBVor HCVprevalence is necessary to evaluate control measures and health care planning.
THE ROLE OF HEMATOLOGICAL INFLAMMATORY BIOMARKERS: NEUTROPHIL LYMPHOCYTE RATIO (NLR), PLATELET LYMPHOCYTE RATIO (PLR) AND RDW IN COVID-19 PATIENTS.
Authors: A. Raj Jyothi. , D Priyadarshini , A Deepthi , H K Jayshree , Maity Moumita , Nalini Teja Vamula
Published: September 2024

Background : The novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, causing the new infectious disease COVID-19, has spread widely around the world. On
March 11th World Health Organization (WHO) declared it as a global pandemic. There are various hematological and biochemical parameters
alteration has been documented in SARS-Cov-2 infection. In addition, combined ratios of these parameters are also used as inammation indexes
and have been proposed as biomarkers to assist with the diagnosis, progress, and risk stratication. Objectives of the study: To investigate the role
of Platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio [PLR], Neutrophil lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and Red cell distribution width [RDW] in COVID-19 disease and to
study the prognostic impact of COVID-19 infection with the potential use of hematological diagnostic biomarkers.
Materials and Methods: Neutrophil Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR), Platelet Lymphocyte Ratio (PLR) and RDW data available of 500 COVID 19
positive patients were collected from the pathology Laboratory RRMCH from April 2021 to September 2021, Data about age and gender of each
patient are obtained from Laboratory Information system. Results: Elevated NLR (>3.5) is observed in severe COVID-19 cases, moderate NLR
(2.0-3.5) seen in moderate cases, indicating ongoing inammation and Normal NLR (<2.0) found in mild or asymptomatic cases. Platelet to
Lymphocyte Ratio (PLR) has been found to be signicantly elevated in COVID-19 patients compared to healthy individuals or non-COVID-19
controls, notably higher PLR in COVID-19 patients (314.95 ± 213.04) compared to controls (260.66 ± 203.57). This difference was statistically
signicant (p = 0.0066), suggesting that PLR may serve as a potential biomarker for identifying and assessing COVID-19 patients. Conclusion:
the neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and RDW have been shown to be useful for the diagnosis and
severity assessment of COVID-19 patients. NLR may serve as a surrogate marker of early risk identication in COVID 19 infection.
MUIR -TORRE SYNDROME – A RARE FAMILIAL COLONIC CANCER SYNDROME – A RADIOLOGICAL OVERVIEW
Authors: G. Bhatt Harikrushna , R. Maitreya Ishan , C. Soni Himanshu
Published: September 2024

Muir-Torre syndrome (MTS) is an autosomal dominant condition characterized by cutaneous neoplasms in addition to internal malignancies.
Cutaneous manifestations consist of recurring sebaceous adenomas and keratoacanthomas. Visceral malignancies commonly observed include
those affecting the colorectal, gynecological, and urological systems. This syndrome represents a variation of the hereditary non-polyposis
colorectal carcinoma syndrome (HNPCC). The fundamental genetic etiology involves heritable mutations in the mismatch repair (MMR) genes,
resulting in microsatellite instability (MSI) and an elevated susceptibility to malignancy development. Herein, we present a radiological case study
of a 73-year-old male patient presented with bleeding per rectum.
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE MODALITIES OF INTERNAL FIXATION IN BIMALLEOLAR ANKLE FRACTURE
Authors: Mittal Pankaj , Khan Saifer , Singh Jai Kumar , Srivastav Deepak , Jain Ashish , Kumar Singh Dileep
Published: September 2024

Introduction: Ankle fractures are prevalent, constituting a signicant proportion of all fractures. Proper management is crucial to prevent longterm complications such as pain, instability, and arthritis. Surgical interventions aim to restore load-bearing capacity and stability. The increasing
incidence of diabetes and its associated complications further stresses the need for effective treatment strategies. This study aimed to identify the
optimal internal xation method for bimalleolar ankle fractures. Methodology: This comparative analytical study included 40 patients with fresh
bimalleolar ankle fractures and divided them into groups based on the xation method: cannulated cancellous (CC) screws, tension band wiring
(TBW), plate xation, and K-wire xation. Data were collected using a pre-designed Performa, and outcomes were assessed using the Baird and
Jackson's Ankle Scoring System over a 6-month follow-up period. Results: No substantial difference was recorded in age and gender. Supercial
infection was seen in 10% of CC screw and plate xation cases. Falls were most common in the CC screw group, while RTAs were prevalent in the
TBW group. The most common fracture type was SER. Mean union time was the shortest for CC screws. Overall, postoperative outcomes were
comparable across groups. Conclusion: The study highlights that despite variations in pain levels and complications among different xation
methods, overall functional recovery and radiographic outcomes were comparable. These ndings emphasize the need for individualized
treatment approaches, considering patient preferences and specic factors when selecting the xation modality for bimalleolar ankle fractures.
JEJUNAL LEIOMYOMA VIS-À-VIS JEJUNAL GIST – RARE MESENCHYMAL MIMICS & ROLE OF IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY (IHC) IN PROPER DIAGNOSIS : A CASE REPORT
Authors: Das Gaurab , Das Moumita
Published: September 2024

Mesenchymal tumours of GI tract represent a heterogenous group of neoplasms encompassing benign , intermediate, and malignant entities. In
consideration of their rarity as well as of intrinsic complexity, diagnostic accuracy represents a major challenge. Gastrointestinal stromal tumors
(GISTs) are the most common mesenchymal tumors in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. GISTs account for approximately 80% of the clinically
relevant GI mesenchymal tumors. They are basically positive for KIT by immunohistochemistry. Almost all GISTs are negative for desmin, which
is a positive marker for mature smooth muscle cells. Smooth muscle tumors such as leiomyomas and leiomyosarcomas, which usually show the
spindle cell morphology, consist of approximately 10% of the clinically relevant GI mesenchymal tumors and are almost positive for desmin and
negative for KIT. Thus, most GI mesenchymal tumors are differentially diagnosed by immunohistochemistry (IHC) of KIT, desmin.
CORRELATION OF OLIGOHYDRAMNIOS AND UMBILICALARTERY DOPPLER AT 32-40 WEEKS GESTATION AND ITS EFFECT ON PERINATAL OUTCOME
Authors: Bijarniya Aditi , Saxena Seema
Published: September 2024

Timely diagnosis and management of fetal compromise are crucial for fetal well-being. Amniotic uid plays a signicant role in fetal development
by cushioning the fetus and protecting it against injuries. Changes in amniotic uid volume can directly interfere with fetal development, with an
Amniotic Fluid Index (AFI) ≤ 5 cm, known as oligohydramnios, being associated with adverse perinatal outcomes. AFI is the most commonly used
method to measure amniotic uid and serves as an important marker of placental function. This study aimed to examine perinatal outcomes in cases
with normal and abnormal amniotic uid index detected ultrasonographically at or beyond 32 weeks of gestation. It also compared the
effectiveness of umbilical artery (UA) Doppler velocimetry and AFI in predicting perinatal outcomes in cases with oligohydramnios at or beyond
32 weeks. Conducted at the Mata Chanan Devi Hospital in New Delhi, this comparative, non-randomized, observational study included 60
pregnant women divided into two groups: those with oligohydramnios (AFI ≤ 5 cm) and those with normal AFI (>5 cm). UADoppler studies were
performed at 32 weeks and repeated every two weeks if abnormal ndings were detected. Results indicated that the average gestational age was
slightly lower in the oligohydramnios group, indicating earlier terminations. AFI was signicantly lower in the oligohydramnios group, and UA
Doppler abnormalities were more prevalent. Perinatal complications, including low-birth-weight babies, low APGAR scores, respiratory distress,
and small-for-gestational-age babies, were notably higher in the oligohydramnios group. Acritical nding was the signicant negative correlation
between AFI scores and UA Doppler abnormalities. Receiver operator curve analysis demonstrated that AFI was an effective marker for
identifying abnormal UA changes, with cut-off levels identied to predict UA Doppler abnormalities with high sensitivity and specicity. In
conclusion, the study supports the use of UA Doppler in conjunction with AFI for better antenatal surveillance and timely intervention. Routine
serial Doppler studies in pregnancies with AFI < 5 cm are crucial for identifying at-risk fetuses and preventing adverse perinatal outcomes through
timely delivery and appropriate neonatal care. Further, larger multicentric studies are recommended to validate these ndings and rene clinical
guidelines.
TO COMPARE ULTRASONOGRAPHY AND FINE NEEDLE ASPIRATION CYTOLOGY WITH A HISTOPATHOLOGICAL EXAMINATION IN THYROID GLAND LESIONS
Authors: Barne Rohit , S. Mane Vijaykumar , R. Kulkarni Pradeep
Published: September 2024

Background: The thyroid gland is unique among endocrine organs as it is the largest endocrine gland in the body and the rst to develop in fetal
life. There is approximately a 4-5% incidence of clinically apparent thyroid lesions in the general population. The goal of the USG and FNAC
diagnosis workup now is to select those patients for surgery who have a high likelihood of harboring malignancy in the nodule. Ultrasonography is
the single most valuable imaging modality in the evaluation of the thyroid gland. Indications for thyroid USG include evaluation for palpable
thyroid lesions or suspected thyroid enlargement and workup of thyroid lesions discovered incidentally. The present study is undertaken to evaluate
the utility of FNAC in the preoperative diagnosis of various thyroid lesions and to evaluate the efcacy of in USG and FNAC in differentiating
between benign and malignant lesions. Methods: A retrospective clinical study, 50 patients, in the age group of equal to or above 18 years, with
thyroid swellings, sent for USG and FNAC at the radiology and pathology department during the period from Results: Out of 50 cases, 76% were
malignant, 22% were benign on grey scale ultrasound. Out of 11 malignant cases 10 cases were conrmed malignant by FNAC. Conclusions:
High-resolution grey scale ultrasound has emerged as initial imaging modality of choice for the evaluation of patients with thyroid enlargement.
Ultrasound can detect solitary nodule, multiple nodules, and diffuse thyroid enlargement. It can also differentiate solid and cystic lesions.
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN DYSELECTROLYTEMIAAND ACUTE EXACERBATION OF CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE
Authors: Gupta Deepak , Jain Akanshu , Rijhwani Puneet , Chhaba Navin
Published: September 2024

Background: Electrolyte imbalances are common in the emergency room. Hyponatremia may be associated with acute exacerbations of
community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD). The incidence and prevalence of hypernatremia
or potassium levels in individuals with AECOPD are still uncertain. Method: In this cross sectional observational study was conducted among 200
participants, 150 were cases and 50 were controls. Results: Hyponatremia was found to be more prevalent among the cases (35.3%) compared to
the controls (10.0%). This suggests an association between hyponatremia and COPD. Hypokalemia is more frequent in the cases (14.0%) than in
the controls (6.0%), while the majority of both groups have normal potassium levels. This indicates a potential relationship between hypokalemia
and COPD.
ASSESSMENT OF DRY EYE IN INTENSIVE CARE UNIT PATIENTS
Authors: Saha Sarbori , Shenga Diki Ongmu , Kumar Paul Soumen
Published: September 2024

AIM:To access the incidence of dry eye in patients who were admitted in intensive care unit. Materials And Methods: Aprospective case control
study among sixty patients aged between 20-70 years who were hospitalized in intensive care unit due to various diseases in a tertiary care hospital
For more than seven days. The patients were assessed by Schrimer's test 1 and ocular surface damage assessment by corneal staining using
uorescein dye. Conclusion: Incidence of dry eye was 10% on 7th day and 15% on 14th day. Prevalence of dry eye was more in the older age
group. As the patients in the intensive care unit are more susceptible to develop dry eye, they should consulted by an ophthalmologist for early
diagnosis of ocular surface disorders and prevent permanent damage in eye.
CLINICAL OUTCOME OF AUTOLOGOUS PLATELET RICH PLASMA INJECTION IN PLANTER FASCITIS
Authors: Pratap Singh Mayank , Baurasi Charchit , Agrawal Ankit , Karoria Arvind
Published: September 2024

Background: Planter fasciitis is a very common cause of heel pain, which resulting in signicant morbidity and hamper activity of daily living.
There are many treatment modalities are available for planter fasciopathy including NSAIDS physical therapy and steroid injections.
Methodology:At tertiary center 50 patients with unilateral planter fasciitis who fullled the inclusion criteria and completed the follow up enrolled
for study and followed for duration of 6 month. All patients included in the study were assessed using the preset proforma The mean age of Result:
presentation was 52.4 + 9.7 years (range 20-65). The pre-injection VAS score was 7.94 + 0.61 which improved to 1.12 + 0.32 at nal follow which
was signicant on statistical analysis (p<0.005). The FADI component of AOFAS score was measured initially at presentation it was 35.32 + 2.65
which was signicantly(p<0.005) improved to 88.74 + 1.084 on nal follow up at 6 months.
TO EVALUATE THE EFFECT OF CYCLIC LOADING ON THE SURFACE OF IMPLANT PROSTHETIC SCREW AT DIFFERENT TIME INTERVALS USING SEM IN- VITRO STUDY
Authors: Sonawane Arati , Sharma Alok , Khetan Jitendra , Kumar Akansha , Bhende Minal , Nirgude Akshata
Published: September 2024

This is an in-vitro study which assess the impact of cyclic loading on the surface of implant prosthetic screws over different time intervals using
Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The research aims to understand wear patterns and morphological changes under mechanical stress,
contributing to improved implant design and longevity. This prospective study aimed to investigate two key issues related to dental implants: screw
loosening and screw fracture. 46 implants were included in this study. Cases are categorized into 2 distinct groups. Group I focused on addressing
implant screw loosening, while Group II aimed to determine the maximum fracture load of implant screws. The results were statistically analyzed
with a Paired t-test. The mean reverse torque value before cyclic loading found to be 27N-cm, while the mean value after cyclic loading is 23.84 Ncm. The reduction in mean reverse torque value from pre-cyclic to post-cyclic loading indicates that cyclic loading signicantly diminishes reverse
torque values. This nding highlights the impact of cyclic loading on the samples, demonstrating a notable change in their mechanical properties of
implant prosthetic screw that is loosening of the prosthetic screw (p< 0.05). For the Group II samples the maximum compressive force at which the
implant fractured was 2100 N, with a displacement rate of 3.2 mm/min. The mean compressive load was 1660.7 N, while the mean displacement
rate was 1.996. This study demonstrates how cyclic loading affects implant prosthetic screws by examining changes in microstructure, surface
morphology, and damage using SEM analysis. These ndings underscore the need for vigilant monitoring in implant dentistry to prevent screw
failure. The research informs clinical practice and aids in developing better materials and designs to enhance screw durability and longevity,
ultimately improving patient outcomes in dental implant treatment.
ELECTROCUTION: A THREE YEARS AUTOPSY BASED STUDY
Authors: Kumar Bibhuti , Kumar Jainendra
Published: September 2024

Introduction: Electrocution means death caused by electricity. Alternating Current is 4 -5 times more dangerous than Direct Current. Material
And Method: The data from 01 Jan 2020 to 31 Dec. 2022 , was collected for this study. The present study was carried out in department of FMT,
JLNMC Bhagalpur. Observation And Results:This study observed 64 cases of electrocution death among which that maximum cases were male
60 (94%) and female 4 (6%), religion Hindu 57 (89%) Muslim 7 (11%).Age group among more common was 21-30 years. Manner of death :
nd Usually 97% were accidental and homicidal 3%. Among month maximum in September (rainy season-June to September) and June & August 2
most. Common cause of death in a electrocution victim is Asphyxia and electric shock/ Ventricular brillation. Recommendation:Recommended
precautionary steps to avoid electrocution deaths. No to go to an open place during rainy season, Storm. Urgently disconnected domestic electricity
supply just before storm, cyclone, rain.
A PROSPECTIVE, COMPARATIVE STUDY IN MANAGEMENT OF FRACTURE SHAFT HUMERUS WITH DYNAMIC COMPRESSION PLATING VERSUS INTRAMEDULLARY NAILING
Authors: Kumar Durgesh , Vashishtha Saurabh , Shekhar Deb Himadri
Published: September 2024

The management of humeral shaft fractures (HSFs) has evolved from conservative techniques to more sophisticated surgical methods, with
dynamic compression plating (DCP) and intramedullary nailing (IMN) being two prevalent surgical options. This study prospectively compares
the clinical and radiological outcomes of DCP and IMN in the treatment of acute HSFs. A total of 60 patients were included, divided into two
groups: 30 patients underwent IMN and 30 patients received DCP. Over a follow-up period averaging one year, outcomes such as fracture union
time, functional recovery, pain levels, and complications were assessed. Results showed that both methods achieved satisfactory outcomes, but
DCP was associated with fewer complications related to shoulder impingement. While IMN resulted in a marginally quicker radiological union,
this difference was statistically insignicant (p = 0.086). The incidence of shoulder impingement was 20% in the IMN group compared to none in
the DCP group (p = 0.024). Delayed union occurred in 13.3% of the DCP group versus 10% in the IMN group, but this difference was not
statistically signicant (p > 0.05). Overall, while both methods are effective, DCP demonstrated slightly better long-term outcomes in terms of
functional recovery and fewer complications.
COLORECTAL ADENOCARCINOMA ARISING IN A PATIENT OF FAMILIAL ADENOMATOUS POLYPOSIS - A CASE REPORT
Authors: Talukder Shreshtha , Sen Rajarshi , Debnath Mautoshi
Published: September 2024

Familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) is a genetic syndrome characterized by hundreds to thousands of polyps in the epithelium of the large
intestines with an autosomal dominant inheritance caused by germ line mutations in APC (adenomatous polyposis coli) gene in chromosome 5q21.
Patients with FAP develop numerous polyps throughout their colon and rectum. They generally tend to have a higher chance of developing colon
cancer if left untreated. Often colectomy is the choice of treatment in such patients. Timely screening for associated colorectal carcinoma in such
patients helps in early detection, appropriate management and follow up. Most FAP patients have a family history of colorectal polyps and cancer
but few (around 30%) of them are "de novo" and present without any clinical ndings or genetic evidence of FAP in members of their family. We
present a case of a patient with FAP incidentally diagnosed to have colorectal adenocarcinoma after total proctocolectomy
The Effect of Women Empowerment on Poverty Alleviation in Mezam Division-Cameroon
Authors: Takemeyang Ayuk , Ketuma Henry Jong
Published: September 2024

Unequal opportunities between women and men continue to hamper women’s ability to lift themselves from poverty and gain more options to improve their living standards. Women are economically disadvantaged: for example, culturally, they do not own any property; girls are marginalized in education whereby some parents prefer to take boys to good schools and do not like to take girls to good schools. This study intends to examine the effect of various dimensions of women empowerment on multiple constituents of household poverty in the six-sub divisions of Mezam division. The primary data was gathered from a sample of 319 married and employed females who live in Mezam division. For analysis, the study develops its own all-embracing Women Empowerment and Household Poverty variables using exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and examines the relationship between the empowerment of women and household poverty using structural equation modeling (SEM). The results show that women empowerment positively and significantly contributes towards household poverty reduction. The results of the study suggest that in addition to targeting poverty directly, policies should be devised that eradicate poverty through the empowerment of women.
Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Penis in Two Cases at the Bamako Dermatology Hospital, Mali
Authors: L Diarra, , K Konaté, , K Touré, M. , B Dembélé, , S Coulibaly, , Z Saye, , M Coulibaly, , A Samaké, , M Konaté, , B Tangara, , O Diabaté, , K Touré, , M Traoré, , S Kanté, , B Bengaly,
Published: September 2024

Penile cancer is a rare pathology. Squamous cell carcinoma represents the most common histological type. Radical excision surgery, although often mutilating, remains the best treatment for localized stages. We retrospectively report the epidemiological, clinical, therapeutic and progressive characteristics of two clinical cases of penile cancer.
Digestive Surgical Emergencies at Tominian: Therapeutic Aspects
Authors: S Diallo, , S Kanté, , S Touré, C. A. , A Kanté, , D Traoré,
Published: September 2024

Purpose: To describe the therapeutic aspects of digestive surgical emergencies at the Tominian referral health center. Methodology: This was a prospective cross-sectional study from December 1, 2022 to November 30, 2023, i.e. 12 months, in the general surgery department of Tominian CS Réf. We enumerated 116 patients during our study period, and included in this study all patients received and operated on for digestive surgical emergencies. The parameters studied were etiologies, duration of disease evolution, treatment and postoperative follow-up. Results: Digestive surgical emergencies (n=116) accounted for 22.97% of all procedures (n=505). Men accounted for 73.3% (n=85) and women 26.7% (n=31), with a sex ratio of 2.74. Mean age was 29.25 years, with extremes of 4 and 71 years. 61.2% (n=71) consulted between 49 and 72 hours of disease evolution. The main etiologies were acute appendicitis 47.4% (n=55), acute peritonitis 29.3% (n=34). The surgical procedures performed were appendectomy 47.4% (n=55), appendectomy + lavage 13.8% (n=16), perforation suture 12.9% (n=15). Postoperative follow-up was uncomplicated 87.9% (n=102), complicated by surgical site infection 7.8% (n=9). There were 3.4% (n=4) deaths. Hospital stay was 8 to 14 days in 49.1% of cases (n=57). Conclusion: Digestive surgical emergencies are numerous in Tominian. Their management requires multiple and varied therapeutic means, the rapid initiation of which guarantees a good oronostic outcome.
Lipoma of the Corpus Callosum: Report of a Case and Review of the Literature
Authors: Auhmani S. , Taoufiki S. , Slioui B. , Doulhousne H. , Bellasri S. , Hammoune N. , Mouhcine A.
Published: September 2024

Intracranial lipomas are exceptionally rare congenital lesions. This article presents a case of a 68-year-old female patient who experienced chronic headaches. Imaging studies revealed a fat-density formation in the anterior corpus callosum. While most corpus callosum lipomas are asymptomatic and typically found incidentally, they can be associated with congenital malformations, particularly affecting corpus callosum development. This case underscores the importance of imaging techniques, such as CT and MRI.
Lisfranc Injury: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Chafik A. , Auhmani S. , Rifki F. , Akhouayri M. , Slioui B. , Bellasri S. , Hammoune N. , Doulhousne H. , Mouhcine A.
Published: September 2024

Lisfranc injuries are relatively rare, accounting for only 0.2% of all injuries, and few case reports have been published on this topic. In this report, we present a case of a Lisfranc injury in a healthy 30-year-old male who fell down a staircase, landing on his left foot. The diagnosis was made using X-rays and computed tomography (CT). The X-rays showed dislocation of the tarsometatarsal joint with lateral displacement of the M4, M3, M2, and M1 metatarsals. The CT scan revealed a fracture-dislocation of the second metatarsal, with detachment of intra- and extra-articular bone fragments associated with a fracture of the medial cuneiform bone. Surgical management, in the form of open reduction and internal fixation, was performed. The patient followed an expected postoperative course and was doing well, without pain or limitation of activities, at his 3-month postoperative visit. Additionally, we provide a brief review of similar published cases and an overview of Lisfranc injuries.
Bilateral Spontaneous Adrenal Hematoma: A Case Report. Diagnostic Approach and Literature Review
Authors: Chafik A. , Auhmani S. , Slioui B. , Bellasri S. , Hammoune N. , Doulhousne H. , Mouhcine A.
Published: September 2024

Spontaneous adrenal hematomas are rare and have multiple etiologies. It is characterized by clinical latency and can be mistaken for a malignant adrenal tumor. Here, we report a rare case of bilateral spontaneous adrenal hematoma in a 66-year-old patient. Preoperative diagnosis was established using computed tomography (CT). Bilateral adrenalectomy was performed, and pathological examination revealed an isolated hematoma without associated adrenal abnormalities.
Analyzing the Evolution of Uganda’s Decentralization System: Learning from Past Experiences
Authors: Kiganda Michael Galukande- , Katana Milly , Atuheire Moreen , Gacharo Emmanuel Mugisha , Kabanda Simon , Luyoyo Abbey
Published: September 2024

Decentralized systems have often been associated with effective and inherent opportunities that promote citizen involvement and improve efficiency in the delivery of local services. This paper presents findings from a study carried out among local government practioners in Uganda that aimed at analysing the evolution of the decentralization system and identifying lessons from its past experiences. Three discussion groups of public officials were organised in the Central, East and Northern Districts of the country and tasked to give account for the decentralisation policy as it evolved in the last twenty-five years. The methodology was qualitative and participants gave their own accounts based on experience as practioners in the system. Findings revealed that the ambitious system that was aimed at giving full transfer of political and administrative powers to local communities had fallen short of its expectations and instead met far-reaching shortcomings and challenges. These included diminished local accountability, insufficient human and financial resources, corruption, patronage, and eventual recall by the central government of some of the transferred functions all of which have restricted the implementation of decentralised reforms and putting participation and efficiency in service delivery at stake. The paper recommends a redefinition of the objectives of the decentralisation policy and embracing the lessons learn in the past implementation process.
Effects of Rubus idaeus extracts on some Cancerous Cell Lines in vitro Study Using MTT Assay
Authors: Eissa Eissa Ahmed , Salih Basil Hazem , Sabbar Omar Saeb , Khalaf Raneen Saadi Yassin
Published: September 2024

Our study investigated the cytotoxicity of Rubus idaeus alcoholic and aqueous extracts prepared from ripe blackberries were collected from the farmlands north of Baghdad, the extracts prepared at the same starting concentration, and tested on two cell line, the result show high toxic effects increase with the increase of concentration. The three extracted components from Rubus idaeus (purified flavonoid, polysaccharides, and carotenes) showed cytotoxic effect towards both: the primary cell culture of normal hepatic cells (HepG2 and L20B cell), and cancer hepatic cell lines (HepG2 and L20B cell) at 100μg/ml concentration for 24 hours treatment. Purified flavonoid exerted the potent effect on both cell lines among the other two extracted components. The cytotoxicity assay was held only for the purified flavonoid to investigate the mechanism by which the purified flavonoid affected living cells toward apoptosis. The most significant reduction (p≤0.05) in cell viable count was at the concentration 100μg/ml which appear to cause the induction of cell death via mitochondrial pathway for HepG2 and L20B cell line after 24 hours exposure. The purified flavonoid had no effect on the HepG-2 cell cycle. The Immunomodulation effect for the purified flavonoid and the extracted polysaccharides on normal human peripheral blood lymphocytes showed that the purified flavonoid suppress lymphocytes proliferation, while the later increased lymphocytes proliferation significantly. The immune stimulating effect of the polysaccharides caused alteration in IL-17 and level estimated by ELISA technique towards IL-2 elevation for the normal human blood lymphocytes against IL-17 level after 4 hours exposure at concentrations (250 and 500 μg/ml), while toxicity results were shown after 4 hours.
Continuous Service Improvement in IT Operations through Predictive Analytics
Authors: Srikanthudu Avancha  , Prof.(Dr.) Punit Goel  , A Renuka
Published: September 2024

In the evolving landscape of IT operations, continuous service improvement is essential for maintaining high performance, reliability, and customer satisfaction. Predictive analytics, leveraging advanced data analysis techniques and machine learning algorithms, offers a transformative approach to enhancing IT service management. This research paper explores the integration of predictive analytics into IT operations to drive continuous service improvement. It investigates how predictive models can forecast potential issues, optimize resource allocation, and enhance decision-making processes, ultimately leading to improved operational efficiency and service quality.
The study begins with an overview of traditional IT service management practices and the limitations they face in adapting to dynamic and complex IT environments. Conventional approaches often rely on reactive problem-solving and periodic reviews, which can lead to inefficiencies and missed opportunities for proactive intervention. Predictive analytics offers a paradigm shift by utilizing historical data and real-time information to predict future outcomes, enabling organizations to address potential problems before they impact operations.
Network Functions in Cloud: Kubernetes Deployment Challenges
Authors: Sowmith Daram  , Dr. Shakeb Khan  , Er. Om Goel
Published: September 2024

The rapid evolution of cloud computing has paved the way for deploying network functions (NFs) in cloud environments, significantly enhancing the flexibility, scalability, and efficiency of modern network infrastructures. Kubernetes, an open-source container orchestration platform, has emerged as a leading tool for deploying and managing these cloud-based network functions. However, despite its widespread adoption, Kubernetes presents several deployment challenges specific to network functions, stemming from its design, scalability, and operational intricacies. This paper delves into the core challenges faced during the deployment of network functions on Kubernetes, focusing on issues related to network performance, security, service orchestration, and resource management. The abstract aims to provide an overview of the technical hurdles and propose potential strategies to overcome them, thus contributing to the optimization of Kubernetes-based NF deployments in cloud environments. By analyzing existing literature and case studies, the paper identifies key areas where improvements are needed and discusses the implications of these challenges for the future of cloud-based network functions. Ultimately, the paper seeks to guide network architects and cloud engineers in better understanding the complexities of Kubernetes deployments for network functions and in developing more effective strategies for successful implementation.
Assessing the Impact of Sustainable Agriculture Practices on Biodiversity Conservation
Authors: Singh Rajendra
Published: September 2024

An important component in attaining environmental resilience and sustainability is the effect of sustainable agricultural practices on biodiversity conservation. Using examples from a variety of environments, this article assesses how well alternative sustainable agriculture approaches encourage biodiversity conservation. Improving environmental health, reducing ecological footprint, and ensuring long-term productivity are all goals of sustainable agriculture. organic farming, integrated pest management, conservation tillage, and agroforestry are all examples of sustainable agricultural methods. We look at how these activities affect soil organisms, plant variety, and wildlife habitats, among other layers of biodiversity. These methods aid in the protection and improvement of biodiversity by analysing current empirical research and case studies from a variety of geographical areas. Results show that sustainable agricultural techniques can lessen environmental stresses, increase species variety, and improve habitat quality, all of which are important for biodiversity conservation. By reducing chemical inputs and providing a variety of ecological niches, systems like agroforestry and organic farming are able to support a wide variety of plant and animal species. Soil health is improved and habitat disruption is reduced through integrated pest control and conservation tillage, both of which contribute to an ecosystem that is more resilient.
Integrating Smart City Technologies for Enhanced Urban Sustainability
Authors: Narain Sunita
Published: September 2024

The concept of smart cities has emerged as a transformative approach to addressing urban challenges while promoting sustainability and enhancing quality of life. This paper explores the integration of smart city technologies as a strategic framework for achieving urban sustainability goals. Key components include the deployment of Internet of Things (IoT) devices, data analytics, and digital infrastructure to optimize resource management, improve efficiency in public services, and mitigate environmental impact. By analyzing case studies and current trends, this study underscores the potential of smart city technologies to foster innovation, resilience, and inclusive growth in urban environments. Ultimately, it advocates for a holistic approach where technological integration is leveraged to create sustainable, livable cities for present and future generations.
Green Growth in India: Balancing Economic Development with Environmental Sustainability
Authors: Angshuman Roy
Published: September 2024

Rapid economic growth in India has resulted in major urbanization, industrialization, and the growth of the middle class, but it has also seriously impacted the environment by causing pollution, deforestation, and a rise in greenhouse gas emissions. The idea of "Green Growth" has gained importance in addressing these issues by advocating for a development strategy that strikes a balance between the requirements of the economy and environmental sustainability.
The term "green growth" is an economic approach that aims to increase economic output while protecting the environment and maintaining natural resources. The focus is on "decoupling" economic growth from environmental deterioration, which permits economic growth to occur without the corresponding increase in pollution and depletion of resources. This strategy calls for implementing sustainable industrial and agricultural practices, increasing energy efficiency, and encouraging clean and renewable energy sources. Green Growth also requires strong policy frameworks that support sustainable practices and incentivize green investments.
Cybersecurity Threats in E-Commerce: Trends and Mitigation Strategies
Authors: Gupta Ruchi
Published: September 2024

In the rapidly evolving digital landscape, e-commerce platforms have become prime targets for cyber threats, posing significant risks to businesses and consumers alike. This paper investigates the prevalent cybersecurity threats facing e-commerce and explores the current trends in these threats. The study identifies key threat categories such as phishing attacks, malware, data breaches, and insider threats, each of which has increasingly sophisticated and destructive capabilities. The paper further delves into the emerging trends in cybersecurity threats, including the use of artificial intelligence and machine learning by cybercriminals, vulnerabilities introduced by Internet of Things (IoT) devices, and the impact of regulatory changes on threat dynamics. Through an analysis of recent high-profile incidents and industry-specific threats, the study provides a comprehensive understanding of how these threats affect different sectors within e-commerce.In response to the growing threat landscape, the paper outlines various mitigation strategies. Technical measures such as encryption, secure payment gateways, and intrusion detection systems are discussed, alongside organizational practices including employee training, incident response planning, and access control policies. “The importance of legal and regulatory compliance is emphasized, highlighting the need for businesses to adhere to regulations like GDPR and CCPA.
Defense in Depth Strategies for Zero Trust Security Models
Authors: Bipin Gajbhiye  , Shalu Jain  , Om Goel
Published: September 2024

The groundbreaking Zero Trust Security Model challenges perimeter-based protections in cybersecurity. As cyber threats become more sophisticated, corporations are embracing the Zero Trust philosophy of "never trust, always verify." Whether from within or outside the network, this paradigm imposes rigorous access rules and continual authentication. Zero Trust is a strong security foundation, yet it has drawbacks. The Zero Trust paradigm is enhanced by Defense in Depth, which layers several security methods to safeguard assets. This article examines how the Zero Trust Security Model might include Defense in Depth methods for a complete, robust, and adaptable security architecture.
Zero Trust requires all users and devices to be verified, approved, and continually vetted before accessing resources, eliminating implicit trust. A typical method employed by attackers after breaching the perimeter is lateral movement inside the network, which this approach mitigates well. However, Defense in Depth—deploying numerous, redundant security measures throughout the IT environment—is a proven method. Defence in Depth and Zero Trust may be combined to strengthen access restrictions, detection, response, and recovery.