bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Les conditions de formations des améthystes et leur croissance artificielle
Authors: Balitsky V. S.
Published: October 2018

Les caractéristiques de la croissance des cristaux d'améthyste naturels : température et pression faibles, acidité et teneur en Fe3+ des solutions, sont estimées à partir de leur mode de gisement. On en déduit les conditions qui permettent la croissance artificielle de cristaux d'améthystes de qualité.
Les minéraux de titane et de zirconium dans les skarns du massif alcalin de Tagérane (Baikal, Sibérie)
Authors: Konev Alexei A.
Published: October 2018

La description de l'association des minéraux de titane et de zirconium (baddéleïte, calcirtite, tagéranite, geikielite, pérovskite, azoproïte, titanoludwigite) dans les skarns magnésiens du massif alcalin de Tagérane, qui est situé sur le bord occidental du lac Baïkal, est donnée. Tagéranite et azoproïte sont des nouveaux minéraux découverts à Tagérane.
Application de la spectrométrie Mössbauer à l'étude d'un cas de pseudomorphose de la sidérose par l'hématite
Authors: Eymery Jean-Paul , Moine Pierre , Le Roy Alain
Published: October 2018

Mössbauer spectroscopy has been applied to the determination of the size of hematite particles in a case of siderite pseudomorphose by hematite. The superparamagnetic character of the latter material resulted in an average particle size at the top of the mineral as 130 Å and at the bottom as 150 Å.
Mécanismes de rupture des schistes de Lacaune (Tarn). Influence de la pression isotrope
Authors: Saint-Leu Claude , Lerau Jacques , Sirieys Pierre-Marcel
Published: October 2018

La rupture des schistes de Lacaune (Tarn) a été étudiée expérimentalement en compressions monoaxiale et triaxiale sous pression de confinement atteignant 0,8 kbar. Trois mécanismes fondamentaux ont été mis en évidence selon l'orientation des efforts par rapport à la structure ; les caractéristiques de cisaillement, structural ou non, ont été déterminées ; enfin, l'influence de la pression de confinement sur l'anisotropie a pu être observée.
Étude par diffraction des rayons X et par spectrométrie d'absorption infrarouge des apatites carbonatées de type A phospho-calcique et arsénio-calcique «haute pression»
Authors: Roux Paul , Bonel Gilbert , Dechambre Gérard
Published: October 2018

Les apatites carbonatées de type A, arsénio-calcique et phosphocalcique comprimées sous 40 kilobars à une température de 950 °C évoluent. Les apatites obtenues sont beaucoup plus stables thermiquement que les produits non comprimés. Les spectres d'absorption infrarouge des apatites «haute pression » montrent que les ions carbonate se trouvent dans deux sites différents. L'étude de l'évolution du spectre d'absorption infrarouge, d'une part, au cours de la décomposition thermique, d'autre part, au cours de la substitution des ions carbonate par des ions fluorure confirme l'existence de deux sites pour les ions carbonate.

Dans le cas de l'apatite arsénio-calcique il est possible, par traitement thermique de l'apatite «haute pression », d'obtenir sans décomposition, une apatite dont les ions carbonate occupent des sites identiques.
L’avènement des récits picturaux au VIIe siècle
Authors: Giuliani Luca
Published: October 2018

The Advent of Pictorial Narratives in the Seventh Century.

In this paper— translated from chapter III of Bild und Kunst. Geschichte der Bilderzählung in der griechischen Kunst— Luca Giuliani demonstrates how Greek artists in the seventh century BC invent new processes allowing them to tell stories, whereas in the former period, the so-called geometric period, no narration was possible through images. The study concerns two cases, both of them concerning the relation between Homer and his context : how an unique vase, the relief amphora of Mykonos on the neck of which is very clearly a horse with wheels, tells the fall of Troy ; in the friezes of the same vase, no image allows an identification of the characters by name : they are anonymous Trojans, men being killed, women threatened with a weapon, children savagely executed. The adopted point of view seems that of the vanquished people, which might have been justified in a Cycladic context. The second part of the article discusses a series of vases depicting Polyphemus’ blinding ; several details differ from known versions in folktales : in many of the vases the Cyclops is shown drinking (of course, the wine used by Odysseus to make him drunk and then asleep) ; a big olive wood stake is used rather than a brooch. A third part expands the question of the relation between tale, epos and images.
Noli me tangere. Toucher ou ne pas toucher dans la Bible
Authors: Burnet Régis
Published: October 2018

Dans la Bible, l’épisode connu sous le nom de Noli me tangere est central pour construire un discours sur le toucher. Comment comprendre ce texte ? Cette parole de Jésus ne renoue pas avec l’interdit biblique de toucher Dieu, car celui-ci est levé depuis l’Incarnation, il ne cherche pas non plus à interdire à Marie de Magdala de retrouver un ancien mode de relation avec Jésus, il exprime que la résurrection de Jésus introduit un nouveau rapport au corps, et donc au toucher, dont il donne une définition radicalement nouvelle.
Quand l’important était de gagner : Indignité de la défaite et stratégies athlétiques en Grèce ancienne
Authors: Roubineau J.-M.
Published: October 2018

This paper studies Greek athletes’ behaviour during contests, and focuses on the way the risk of losing or dying in the stadium influences athletes’ choices. The psychological frame of an athlete’s life, from the archaic to the imperial period, often reduced to an obsessional quest of victory, is far more complex. Athletes do not subscribe blindly to the agonal drive, «to win or to die » , but build strategies dedicated to the protection of their physical integrity, which is a condition sine qua non to any athletic career.
Empédocle FVS 31 B 115, 11 D.-K. : ἠελίου φαέθοντος ou ἠελίου ἀνκάμαντος ?
Authors: Meulder Marcel
Published: October 2018

The analysis of the use and the semantic field of the terms φαέθων and ἀκάμας / ἀκἀματος in Greek archaic and classical literature prove that we must read in Empedocles FVS 31 B 115, 11 DK not ἠελίου φαέθοντος Hippolytus of Rome wrote (because he was likely influenced by the stoic theory of universal cataclysm), but ἠελίου ἀκάμαντος (so Plutarchus). This nominal group is linked to the Homeric and Hesiodic concept of tireless, quick and destructive fire, its concept fits into the reign of the Strife Empedocles described, and its words fit into the sonority of the fragment 115.
Roland Barthes ou la multiplication des paysages de l’Est
Authors: Ette Ottmar
Published: October 2018

Dans la géographie théorique de Barthes, l’Est joue un rôle essentiel. Qu’il s’agisse de l’Est européen (l’Allemagne d’après-guerre ou la Roumanie communiste) ou de l’Est asiatique (le Japon et la Chine), il s’agit toujours pour Barthes de sortir des sentiers battus, de penser pour le meilleur et pour le pire un vivre ensemble, à la fois social, politique et esthétique.
Marcel Thiry et la Russie : de l’aventure à la littérature
Authors: Béghin Laurent
Published: October 2018

En 1915, les autorités belges repliées au Havre mirent à la disposition de leur allié russe un corps expéditionnaire constitué de plusieurs véhicules blindés. Engagés lors des grandes offensives de l’été 1916 et de l’été 1917, les soldats belges furent rappelés par leur gouvernement après la révolution d’octobre. Ils débarquèrent en France en juin 1918 après avoir traversé la Sibérie puis les Etats-Unis. Parmi eux se trouvait le futur écrivain Marcel Thiry (1897-1977). De ses premiers ouvrages à ses derniers textes, Thiry évoqua à diverses reprises ses années russes. S’appuyant entre autres sur un journal inédit tenu par l’auteur belge entre 1917 et 1918, le présent article étudie le processus de fictionnalisation auquel les souvenirs de Thiry furent progressivement soumis de texte en texte. Il examine également les aspects particuliers que prend le thème russe dans l’oeuvre poétique et romanesque de l’écrivain.
Étudier les régionalismes et leur histoire dans une perspective thématique : les belgicismes et luxembourgismes de l’immobilier
Authors: Wirth Aude
Published: October 2018

Het belangrijkste doel van de Dictionnaire étymologique et historique des régionalismes de l’immobilier (Etymologisch and historisch woordenboek van regionalismen in de immobiliënsector) is het bestuderen van Franse regionalismen vanuit een thematisch perspectief. Het eerste volume, op dit ogenblik in voorbereiding, is gewijd aan Belgicismen en Luxemburgismen. Dit artikel bespreekt het ontstaan van het project en de redenen voor de thematische keuze voor de immobiliënsector. Er wordt ook een typologie van deze regionalismen voorgesteld, volgens oorsprong, vitaliteit en verspreiding. Tot slot komt er een eerste synthese van de belangrijkste kenmerken van de nomenclatuur. Het stuk wordt afgerond met een aantal voorbeelden van lemma’s uit het woordenboek.
Amicitia et seditio. Conflictstructuren in de ontwikkeling van de stedelijke autonomie in Sint-Truiden tijdens de eerste helft van de twaalfde eeuw
Authors: Waerniers Ewoud
Published: October 2018

Vanaf de volle middeleeuwen trachtten stedelijke groepen meer autonomie te verkrijgen. Hoewel het vaak conflictueuze karakter van de stedelijke emancipatiebeweging niet aan de aandacht van historici ontsnapte, werden tot hiertoe de mechanismen die achter deze conflicten en verzoeningen zaten, nauwelijks onderzocht. In dit artikel worden deze conflictstructuren geanalyseerd aan de hand van een casestudy van de relatief kleine abdijstad Sint-Truiden in de eerste helft van de twaalfde eeuw. De inzet van de conflicten in Sint-Truiden was niet de politieke of juridische macht in de nederzetting. In de conflicten met de abt zien we vooral individuen of facties onder de gegoede stedelingen aan het werk, die directe economische belangen nastreefden van een kleine elite en hierin gesteund werden door lokale feodale heren. Terzelfdertijd onderhield diezelfde stedelijke elite vriendschapsrelaties met de abt door middel van banden van broederschap of manschap, die bekrachtigd werden door wederzijdse schenkingen. In de conflicten op regionale schaal speelden de Truienaars meer als collectief een rol. Dit is vermoedelijk te wijten aan de zwakkere onderhandelingspositie die de stadsbewoners in deze conflicten hadden. Afhankelijk van de situatie sloot de stadsgemeenschap gezworen vredesovereenkomsten met zowel de prinsbisschop van Luik als de graaf van Leuven. Door het reguleren van vriendschapsrelaties en conflicten met de lokale en regionale machthebbers trachtte de stedelijke elite van Sint-Truiden, die niet in het bezit was van grote vrijheidsprivileges of sterk uitgebouwde communale instellingen, haar positie te verbeteren.
Le lion enfin couronné. Pensée politique et imaginaire royal au cours des premiers voyages espagnols des princes de la Maison de Bourgogne-Habsbourg
Authors: Dumont Jonathan
Published: October 2018

Au début du XVIe siècle, les princes de la maison de Bourgogne-Habsbourg, Philippe le Beau et son fils Charles, effectuent plusieurs voyages à destination de l’Espagne, voyages qui vont radicalement transformer l’horizon de leurs possibles politiques. Philippe deviendra roi-consort de Castille avec son épouse Jeanne, Charles souverain de tous les royaumes espagnols en tant qu’héritier des Rois Catholiques. L’acquisition d’un titre, d’une dignité et de pouvoirs royaux constitue, depuis au moins la seconde partie du règne de Philippe le Bon, l’un des objectifs politiques majeurs des souverains des Pays-Bas. Cet article examine comment, alors que cette couronne apparaît comme plus tangible que jamais, les auteurs de cour gravitant autour de Philippe le Beau et Charles de Habsbourg élaborent des récits du voyage de leurs maîtres vers la Péninsule ibérique. Ils y dessinent une stature et une image royale permettant de légitimer Philippe et Charles dans leur nouvelle fonction. Ces auteurs font également émerger un modèle de monarchie particulier, qu’ils inscrivent à la croisée de l’action politique menée par les ducs de Bourgogne et les Rois catholiques, et qu’ils lient solidement à ce qu’ils considèrent comme les forces vives d’Espagne : les Grands et les Cortès. Ces auteurs témoignent enfin d’un moment d’intense réflexion politique dans les Pays-Bas, particulièrement centré sur la royauté, quelques temps seulement avant que l’élection impériale de Charles (désormais Quint) ne rebatte à nouveaux les cartes d’un imaginaire politique en mutation constante.
Hinterlands portuaires des régions d’entre Meuse et Escaut (XIVe-XVIe siècles). Hinterlands lointains et hinterlands proches
Authors: Yante Jean-Marie
Published: October 2018

De achterlanden van de havenregio’s tussen Maas en Schelde (veertiende tot zestiende eeuw). Verre achterlanden en achterlanden in de buurt.

De achterlandgebieden van Maas en Schelde van de veertiende tot de zestiende eeuw worden eerst geanalyseerd in termen van de internationale invloed van de havens van Brugge, Antwerpen en Hoei. Vervolgens wordt er een schets toegevoegd over de batterijmarkten van de Maastreek, vertrekkend vanuit Dinant en Bouvignes. Aan de hand van enkele archieven worden, op dezelfde manier, de verhoudingen van de min of meer in de buurt gelegen achterlanden geanalyseerd, eerst vanuit een demografisch oogpunt, verder via het aanschaffen van belangrijke voedingsmiddelen en grondstoffen voor de industrie of de bouwsector. Uiteindelijk worden de rol en de radicale verandering in het Antwerpse achterland in de late vijftiende eeuw en in de zestiende eeuw ook aangestipt.
Les relations des ports du littoral de la Basse-Seine et de Rouen avec leurs hinterlands à la fin du Moyen Âge
Authors: Lardin Philippe
Published: October 2018

La documentation comptable ou notariale nous permet de connaître, de manière malheureusement imparfaite, les zones d’influences économiques ou humaines des ports maritimes ou fluviaux de la Normandie orientale à la fin du Moyen Âge. Le port de Dieppe est ainsi à l’origine d’un commerce diversifié dans lequel les poissons, en particulier, le hareng, jouent un rôle dominant et qui s’étend sur des régions essentiellement nordiques comme la Flandre ou l’Angleterre, sauf pour le trafic terrestre qui touche toute la partie nord du royaume de France. Paris est évidemment une destination fondamentale et on retrouve ce phénomène pour l’hinterland de la ville de Rouen, en particulier pour le trafic fluvial. Le système des compagnies françaises liait étroitement les deux villes au moins jusqu’au milieu du XVe siècle. L’attraction des ports normands sur les hommes peut être connue grâce aux contrats d’apprentissage rouennais ou aux listes de nouveaux bourgeois dieppois. Elle se caractérise, sans surprise, par une prédominance des régions voisines sauf pour certaines professions spécialisées. D’autres formes de domination existaient aussi comme le système des rentes qui était une forme de crédit ou une sorte de Verlagsystem qui touchait en particulier les métiers du fer. Elles étaient, elles aussi, assez limitées géographiquement.
Créations et aménagements de voies d’eau dans les Pays-Bas (XIIIe-XVIe siècles). Quelques jalons
Authors: Yante Jean-Marie
Published: October 2018

Construction and Development of Waterways in the Netherlands (12th-16th Centuries). Some Landmarks.

In face of a huge upsurge in the waterway traffic in the 13th and 14th centuries, substantial works to improve the navigability are undertaken in many regions. From the available literature but also from the regulatory sources, princely ordinances in this particular case, we attempt to draw the current state of research in actual, under construction or planned works in the Netherlands from the 12th to the 16th century, mainly in the counties of Flanders and Hainaut and in the duchy of Brabant.
Le Havre de Grâce et son hinterland. Histoire démographique et sociale aux XVIe-XVIIe siècles
Authors: Paulmier de Grentemesnil Thomas
Published: October 2018

Le Havre de Grâce en achterland. Demografische en sociale geschiedenis (zestiende en zeventiende eeuw).

Dit doctoraatsonderzoek is gebaseerd op de verwerking van de parochieregisters van 44 lands-, stads-en kustparochies tussen 1515 en 1715. Zo kon er een kwantitatieve en seriële analyse van sociaal en demografisch gedrag uit de landtong van het Pays de Caux uitgevoerd worden, na het verzamelen van ruim 3,5 miljoen gegevens en het samenstellen van stambomen. Opvallend is dat de haven van Harfleur op economisch vlak nauw samenhangt met de stad Montivilliers en dat het bouwen van de stad en haven van Le Havre de Grâce dit evenwicht vanaf 1517 in gevaar brengt. De landelijke bevolking heeft ruim bijgedragen tot de bloei van deze haven, zowel bij het bouwen ervan als bij de ontwikkeling van de handel, ambacht en suburbane landbouw.
Conclusions : le transport fluvial au coeur des préoccupations et des enjeux contemporains
Authors: Tilly Pierre
Published: October 2018

Un des éléments majeurs pour assurer la compétitivité des ports est l’accès aux hinterlands. Les canaux, les rivières et les deltas dans le Nord de la France, la Belgique et les Pays-Bas représentent un vaste et dense réseau qui interconnecte les principaux ports de la mer du Nord. Alors qu’il n’existe actuellement pas de voies navigables compatibles avec les gros containers et remorqueurs entre la France, la Wallonie et la Flandre, un très important projet européen est en cours ; il a pour but de compléter le maillon manquant entre la Seine et l’Escaut au travers du canal de Seine-Nord et celui du Havre vers Paris, autant de sections essentielles des corridors européens reliant la Méditerranée à l’Atlantique. En prenant en considération les réalités des flux économiques et de transport, il apparaît clairement qu’une politique des transports soutenables et efficaces ne peut pas reposer sur un seul mode. D’autres arguments plaident en faveur de la navigation fluviale, notamment sa valeur ajoutée environnementale et ses coûts moindres par rapport au transport routier.
Antwerpen in de XIIIe eeuw. De bescheiden opkomst van een stad
Authors: Van Gerven Jan
Published: October 2018

Reeds voordat de Brabantse textielindustrie bloeide en het stedelijk netwerk van het hertogdom zich ontwikkelde, was Antwerpen een handelsplaats en een maritiem centrum. Het was zijn rol als verbindingspunt tussen het Rijnland en Engeland die de Scheldestad zijn eerste bloei bezorgde. Wijn en wol waren de belangrijkste goederen die verhandeld en vervoerd werden, dit vanaf het begin van de elfde eeuw. In de dertiende eeuw, de periode waar wij ons in deze bijdrage vooral op richten, ontwikkelde zich, naast deze oude as, een regionale handel waarbij Antwerpen contacten onderhield met de Brabantse steden, Vlaanderen en het Maasland. Verwijzingen in de bronnen naar een internationale rol zijn voor de jaren tussen 1200 en 1300 eerder schaars. De industriële activiteiten in de Sinjorenstad blijven, zeker in vergelijking met Brussel en Leuven, bescheiden. Verscheidene indices wijzen ook op maritieme activiteiten. De Scheldestad was de derde stad van het hertogdom, maar binnen de Brabantse ruimte was Mechelen, met zijn dubbelzinnig politiek statuut economisch sterker dan Antwerpen. Mogelijk werd Antwerpen afgeremd door de relatieve armoede van het omringende platteland.
L’inscription du prestige social dans la pierre : les palais urbains du Premier Président de Pontac et de l’avocat général Saige à Bordeaux
Authors: Figeac Michel
Published: October 2018

Sociaal prestige gebeiteld in steen. De stadspaleizen van Eerste Voorzitter Pontac en van Advocaat-generaal Saige te Bordeaux.

De integratie van de adel in het stedelijk landschap werd steeds aangegeven door de constructie van een paleis, waarbij het prestige en de rijkdom van de familie in steen werden gebeiteld. Dat principe wordt hier geïllustreerd aan de hand van twee voorbeelden die meer dan een eeuw uit elkaar liggen : dat van Arnaud de Pontac, Eerste Voorzitter van het Parlement van Bordeaux, halverwege de 17de eeuw ; en dat van N. Saige, Advocaat-generaal van datzelfde Parlement, op het einde van de Verlichting. Beide heren bewoonden ware stadspaleizen à l’italienne. Eerstgenoemde was gelogeerd in een residentie van de familie, die door hem echter heringericht werd. De tweede liet dan weer een immens verblijf oprichten naar het model van het Mancini-paleis. Daarvoor nam hij Victor Louis, die het Theater was komen bouwen, onder de arm. In deze bijdrage worden beide constructies en hun voorgevels bestudeerd. In het kielzog van notarissen wordt daarbij ook de distributie van de interne ruimtes verkend. Uiteindelijk zal blijken dat deze twee verblijven kunst-en cultuurcentra waren, haarden van moderniteit in de stad.
Propriété aristocratique et ancrage politique à Vienne, 1680-1740. La grande résidence aristocratique face aux circulations nobiliaires
Authors: Hassler Éric
Published: October 2018

Aristocratic Ownership and Political Roots in Vienna, 1680-1740. The Great Aristocratic Residence and Noble Mobilities.

The link between aristocratic ownership and political root is not totally obvious in Vienna during the early modern era. The nobility has to move between the Court, her domains and the provincial diets of the several crowns of the Habsburg Monarchy. That is why the Viennese palaces are frequently in competition with other country and seigniorial houses. Residential customs are multiple : deep-rooted urban integration giving the aristocratical house the role of a political metaphor ; temporary urban ownership ; closing of the houses whenever the family withdraws from the Court. With the increase of the rental property during the first half of the 18th century, the link between the noble lineage and the urban house is altered : owning one’s own house does not seem to be important any more. Then, to study the aristocratical ownership is a relevant way to estimate the appeal of the Vienna Court in a decentralized Habsburg Monarchy.
Electron Scattering from Neutral Fe and Low-energy Photodetachment of Fe−
Authors: Wang Kedong , Bartschat Klaus , Zatsarinny Oleg
Published: October 2018

Extensive calculations are reported for electron collision strengths and rate coefficients for a wide range of transitions in Fe i. The calculations were carried out with the B-spline R-matrix method. A multiconfiguration Hartree–Fock method with nonorthogonal, term-dependent orbitals was employed to generate accurate initial- and final-state wave functions. The close-coupling expansion contained 221 LS states of Fe and included all levels of the

,

,

,

, and

configurations. Effective collision strengths were obtained by averaging the electron collision strengths over a Maxwellian speed distribution at electron temperatures ranging from 102 to 105 K. They were tabulated for 24,531 transitions between all LS-terms included in the close-coupling expansion. The present results considerably expand on the few existing data sets for Fe i. They enable more detailed treatments of the available measured spectra from various observatories than previously possible. In particular, nonlocal thermodynamic equilibrium modeling of late-type stars, where large amounts of collisional data for the atomic species of interest are required, can be performed. The same close-coupling expansion was used to study low-energy photodetachment of Fe−, where the cross sections exhibit prominent resonance features. Good agreement with the few existing experimental values for partial cross sections to specific final target states of Fe was obtained.
A NuSTAR Observation of the Low-mass X-Ray Binary GX 349+2 throughout the Z-track
Authors: Coughenour Benjamin M. , Cackett Edward M. , Miller Jon M. , Ludlam Renee M.
Published: October 2018

Although the most luminous class of neutron star (NS) low-mass X-ray binaries, known as Z sources, have been well studied, their behavior is not fully understood. In particular, what causes these sources to trace out the characteristic Z-shaped pattern on color–color or hardness–intensity diagrams (HIDs) is not well known. By studying the physical properties of the different spectral states of these sources, we may better understand such variability. With that goal in mind, we present a recent NuSTAR observation of the Z source GX 349+2, which spans approximately 2 days and covers all its spectral states. By creating an HID we were able to extract five spectra and trace the change in spectral parameters throughout the Z-track. GX 349+2 shows a strong, broad Fe Kα line in all states, regardless of the continuum model used. Through modeling of the reflection spectrum and Fe Kα line we find that in most states the inner disk radius is consistent with remaining unchanged at an average radius of 17.5 R

g
or 36.4 km for a canonical 1.4 M
⊙ NS. During the brightest flaring branch, however, the inner disk radius from reflection is not well constrained.
The Reacceleration of the Shock Wave in the Radio Remnant of SN 1987A
Authors: Cendes Y. , Gaensler B. M. , Ng C.-Y. , Zanardo G. , Staveley-Smith L. , Tzioumis A. K.
Published: October 2018

We report on updated radio imaging observations of the radio remnant of SN 1987A at 9 GHz, taken with the Australia Telescope Compact Array (ATCA), covering a 25 yr period (1992–2017). We use Fourier modeling of the supernova remnant to model its morphology, using both a torus model and a ring model, and find that both models show an increasing flux density and have shown a continuing expansion of the remnant. As found in previous studies, we find that the torus model most accurately fits our data and has shown a change in the remnant expansion at day 9300 ± 210 from 2300 ± 200 km s−1 to 3610 ± 240 km s−1. We have also seen an increase in brightness in the western lobe of the remnant, although the eastern lobe is still the dominant source of emission, unlike what has been observed at contemporary optical and X-ray wavelengths. We expect to observe a reversal in this asymmetry by the year ∼2020, and we note that the southeastern side of the remnant is now beginning to fade, as has also been seen in optical and X-ray data. Our data indicate that high-latitude emission has been present in the remnant from the earliest stages of the shock wave interacting with the equatorial ring around day 5000. However, we find that the emission has become increasingly dominated by the low-lying regions by day 9300, overlapping with the regions of X-ray emission. We conclude that the shock wave is now leaving the equatorial ring, exiting first from the southeast region of the remnant, and is reaccelerating as it begins to interact with the circumstellar medium beyond the dense inner ring.
X-Ray Reverberation Mapping and Dramatic Variability of Seyfert 1 Galaxy 1H 1934-063
Authors: Frederick Sara , Kara Erin , Reynolds Christopher , Pinto Ciro , Fabian Andrew
Published: October 2018

A fraction of active galactic nuclei (AGN) exhibit dramatic variability, which is observed on timescales down to minutes in the X-ray band. We introduce the case study of 1H 1934-063 (z = 0.0102), a Narrow-line Seyfert 1 among the brightest and most variable AGN ever observed with XMM-Newton. This work includes spectral and temporal analyses of a concurrent XMM-Newton and NuSTAR 2015 observation lasting 130 kiloseconds, during which the X-ray source exhibited a steep (factor of ∼6) plummet and subsequent full recovery of the flux level, accompanied by deviation from a single log-normal flux distribution. We rule out Compton-thin obscuration as the cause for this dramatic variability observed even at NuSTAR energies. In order to constrain coronal geometry, dynamics, and emission/absorption processes, we compare a detailed spectral fitting with a Fourier-based timing analysis. Similar to other well-studied, highly variable Seyfert 1s, this AGN is X-ray bright and displays strong reflection features. We find a narrower broad iron line component compared to most Seyfert 1s, and constrain the black hole spin to be <0.1, one of the lowest yet discovered for such systems. Combined spectral and timing results are consistent with a dramatic change in the continuum on timescales as short as a few kiloseconds dictating the nature of this variability. We also discover a Fe–K time lag, measuring a delay of 20 s between relativistically blurred reflection off the inner accretion flow and the hard X-ray continuum emission.
Systematic Investigation of X-Ray Spectral Variability of TeV Blazars during Flares in the RXTE Era
Authors: Wang Yijun , Xue Yongquan , Zhu Shifu , Fan Junhui
Published: October 2018

Utilizing all the 16 yr RXTE observations, we analyze the X-ray spectra of 32 TeV blazars and perform a systematic investigation of X-ray spectral variability for the five brightest sources during their major flares that lasted several days. We obtain photon spectral index (α), flux and synchrotron radiation peak energy (E
p) from empirical spectral fitting, and electron spectral index (p) from theoretical synchrotron radiation modeling. We find that both α and p generally display a harder-when-brighter trend, confirming the results of many previous works. Furthermore, we confirm and strengthen the result that p must vary in order to explain the observed X-ray spectral variability during flares, which would have useful implications for interpreting the associated higher-energy spectral variability. We see apparent electron spectral hysteresis in many but not all p-flux plots that takes a form of “loop” or oblique “8.” We obtain a tight p–hardness ratio (HR) relation and a tighter p–α relation using spectra of flaring periods, both of which are also applicable to stacked data of quiescent periods. We demonstrate that these two empirical relations can be used efficiently to estimate p from HR or α that is readily achieved. Finally, we find that, when considering TeV blazars as a whole, α and X-ray luminosity are positively correlated, E
p is negatively correlated with p and α, and E
p is positively correlated with HR; all these correlations are in line with the blazar sequence. However, after correcting for the Doppler boosting effect, α and intrinsic X-ray luminosity follow an anticorrelation.
The Effect of Vascular Graft and Human Umbilical Cord Blood-Derived CD34+ Stem Cell on Peripheral Nerve Healing
Authors: Yilmaz Ali , Topcu Abdullah , Erdogan Cagdas , Sahin Barbaros , Abban Gulcin , Coskun Erdal , Ozkul Ayca
Published: October 2018

AIM: There are many trials concerning peripheral nerve damage causes and treatment options. Unfortunately, nerve damage is still a major problem regarding health, social and economic issues. On this study, we used vascular graft and human cord blood derived stem cells to find an alternative treatment solution to this problem.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: We used 21 female Wistar rats on our study. They were anesthetized with ketamine and we studied right hind limbs. On Group 1, we did a full layer cut on the right sciatic nerve. On Group 2, we did a full layer cut on the right sciatic nerve, and we covered synthetic vascular graft on cut area. On Group 3, we did a full layer cut on right sciatic nerve, and we covered the area with stem cell applied vascular graft.
RESULTS: At the end of postoperative 8. weeks, we performed EMG on the rats. When we compared healthy and degenerated areas as a result of EMG, we found significant amplitude differences between the groups on healthy areas whereas there was no significant difference on degenerated  areas between the groups. Then we re-opened the operated area again to reveal the sciatic nerve cut area, and we performed electron microscope evaluation. On the stem cell group, we observed that both the axon and the myelin sheet prevented degeneration.
CONCLUSION: This study is a first on using synthetic vascular graft and cord blood derived CD34+ cells in peripheral nerve degeneration. On  the  tissues  that  were  examined  with  electron  microscope,  we  observed  that  CD34+  cells  prevented  both  axonal  and  myelin  sheath degeneration. Nerve tissue showed similar results to the control group, and the damage was minimal.
Changes in bee community structure (Hymenoptera, Apoidea) under three different land-use conditions
Authors: Razo-León Alvaro E. , Vásquez-Bolaños Miguel , Muñoz-Urias Alejandro , Huerta-Martínez Francisco M.
Published: October 2018

Bee communities were studied with three different conditions of land-use: 1) urban area; 2) crops and livestock; and, 3) preserved vegetation. All three conditions have elements of tropical dry forest and are in the "Sierra de Quila" Flora and Fauna Protection Area and its influence zone. Sampling was carried out throughout the year (three days per month) for each land-use condition. Bee species and their abundance were registered with the intention of knowing how changes in the vegetation are related to bee community structure (richness, abundance, and α and β diversity).

A total of 14,054 individuals from 160 species were registered. A rarefaction analysis, showed that the preserved areas had significantly greater richness and diversity. Beta diversity analysis revealed a species turnover of nearly 32% among each pair of conditions. It is concluded that the changes in land-use negatively affect richness and diversity and causes major changes in species composition of the bee community. For this reason, it is recommended that the protection of the tropical dry forest, both for this study area but also in general for Mexico, is essential to guarantee the conservation of this group of insects, which are required for the reproduction of a great number wild and cultivated plant specie.
Les structures élémentaires de la sociabilité
Authors: Châton Gwendal
Published: October 2018

Resumé Cet article se donne pour objet les deux séminaires de R. Aron, le premier s’étant tenu à la Sorbonne entre 1956 et 1967, le second à l’EPHE entre 1968 et 1977. Dans une perspective consistant à étudier le libéralisme « par le bas », il cherche à rendre compte de la formation d’une mouvance aronienne qui fédère derrière une étiquette libérale un groupe d’intellectuels venus d’horizons divers. Ce processus ne se comprend qu’en opérant une contextualisation de ces séminaires, le premier prenant place dans un moment académique de la trajectoire d’Aron, le second se déployant dans un moment plus politique de celle-ci. La césure entre les deux correspond, sur le plan académique, à la démission d’Aron de la Sorbonne, et au plan politique, à Mai 1968. Cette mouvance portera deux revues, Contrepoint et Commentaire , ayant joué un rôle dans le « tournant antitotalitaire », tout autant qu’elle sera portée par elles.
Une production souterraine d’idées politiques
Authors: Aubert Antoine
Published: October 2018

Resumé L’histoire intellectuelle des années 1980 est traditionnellement décrite comme étant un moment où disparaissent les marxismes et, plus globalement, toutes les espérances révolutionnaires. Prenant acte de ce constat, mais en le nuançant, cet article entend déplacer l’échelle d’analyse vers les séminaires, affirmant que c’est là, dans un contexte hostile aux idées d’inspiration marxiste, que celles-ci se transforment. À partir d’un travail d’archives et d’entretien, il reconstitue la production des séminaires de Nanterre, de Paris VIII et du Collège International de Philosophie et la façon dont les intellectuels marxistes travaillent, de façon souterraine, à l’actualisation de leurs théories. Il s’intéresse aussi au lien, central pour la tradition révolutionnaire, du lien entre la forme et le contenu de l’oralité à l’oeuvre dans ces séminaires.
Entretien
Authors: Dunn John , Brochier Christophe
Published: October 2018

Resumé L’entretien avec John Dunn est destiné à présenter au public français le grand politiste britannique dont l’oeuvre est si mal connue dans notre pays. Après un bref rappel de sa carrière, Dunn est invité à s’exprimer sur sa méthode en histoire des idées, sa façon d’interroger la politique et ses derniers travaux sur la démocratie dans le monde.
What Defines Giftedness and Talent
Authors: Swanson Julie D.
Published: October 2018

The author explores the definition of gifted and talented through a theoretical lens, an operational lens, with international perspectives, and through research and practice examples. This chapter opens the discussion of what gifted and talented is, with a review of prominent models of intelligence, giftedness, and talent. After a theoretical examination of the question, a discussion of operational definitions of who are gifted and talented follows. This section of the chapter will highlight traditional and non-traditional views and the processes used to identify gifted and talented students for services in the United States, Australia, Ireland, and China. The chapter will conclude with a synthesis of what is known about gifted and talented adults, addressing a review of research studies on eminence, discussion of longitudinal studies on talent search programs, and description of specific programs for gifted and talented adults, such as Mensa International.
Engineer to Educator
Authors: Smith Sara B.
Published: October 2018

In this chapter, the author traces her path from youth all the way through her current status as a high school teacher. The author describes some of the benefits and difficulties experienced as a gifted and talented adult who has found herself in the role of teacher. The hope is that some of what she shares will stimulate thought and discussion about the present state of education and how to hold on to truly highly qualified educators. Our students need great teachers; teachers who are passionate, knowledgeable, and who are not afraid to push the status quo. Gifted and talented educators can provide a tough, lasting education. We can teach students more than the content. At the same time we are nurturing our students, we, too, need to be nurtured.
Influences of the Places of My Life
Authors: Pedings-Behling Kathryn E.
Published: October 2018

The author is a math educator who has taken on several roles in education, primarily including classroom teacher and curriculum writing. This chapter is an exploration of the pivotal places in her life that shaped the gifted and talented educator she has become. The chapter starts with a look at the rural South Carolina county where she grew up and attended public school. Next, she describes a very significant life shift when she enters a specialized public boarding school called the South Carolina Governor's School for Science and Mathematics for her junior and senior years of high school. She then describes the importance of her time as a student at the College of Charleston and all of the opportunities that were opened to her there. This chapter wraps up with her career experiences, and how they continued to shape her as a teacher.
A Voice and a Choice
Authors: Baska Ariel
Published: October 2018

The author shares personal reflections on her own talent trajectory and development from childhood to adulthood. Educational background and experiences inform decision-making at every level as a teacher. This chapter attempts to unpack the lessons learned from the experience of a twice-exceptional child put into practice. Learning and reflecting on individual experiences is key to understanding these populations of learners, but not only gifted students can become teachers of the gifted or special populations of gifted learners. Teachers should not ignore research-based best practice in a blind belief in the universal transfer of personal experience for different times, different cultures, and different students. However, through personal reflection, a teacher can approach students from a different angle, hopefully to support them and share those parts of experience that might benefit them. This chapter will focus also on how these insights have shaped the author's work with gifted learners at the high school level, and will discuss commonalities found in action research with her students.
An Educator's Journey
Authors: Radakovic Nenad , Khalil Nesma
Published: October 2018

The goal of this chapter is to contribute to the investigation of teachers that are gifted and talented (GATE teachers) by shedding light on the experience of immigrant GATE teachers. The authors position the case within Canadian graduate education and within the context of education of immigrant teachers. More specifically, they present the case study of a GATE teacher as she navigates through the masters of education program at a major Canadian school of education. The presentation of the case study is followed by the discussion of how it contributes to the conversation about GATE teachers and immigrant teachers within Canadian context. The chapter ends with the overview of implications of the study for the United States' context.
GATE Teachers From the Inside Out
Authors: Costa Rosalina Pisco , Dias de Oliveira Adriana
Published: October 2018

This chapter departs from the crisis of education to explore the students' perceptions about the teacher within the classroom. Based on a sociological qualitative study developed with both students and teachers at secondary public schools in Brazil and Portugal, four categories of teachers were characterized: authoritarian, bureaucratic, accomplice, and the democratic teacher. An in-depth analysis of data sheds new light on the definition of giftedness and talent among teachers, as the category of teachers here designated as “democratic” seems to be characterized by the teachers' ability and talent in balancing the two main axes of school education: transmission and socialization. Relations between respect, gift, and talent are further explored, proving to be of the utmost importance in the classroom, insofar as gifted and talented (GATE) teachers are perceived as those who, based on responsibility for the educational act, manage to establish a pedagogical contract based on mutual respect.
Toward a Definition of a Gifted and Talented Teacher
Authors: Van Sickle Meta Lee , Swanson Julie D. , Ridenhour Julianna
Published: October 2018

What shapes an individual into a teacher who is gifted and talented? How does one identify gifted or talented educators in education classes or in the schools? In an exploration of these questions, the authors review related gifted education literature to ground the synthesis of auto-ethnographies and case studies in what is known. Using grounded theory, the researchers analyze the stories of GATE teachers in Chapters 4 – 15 and identify common themes. The researchers use these findings to create a definition of the individual who is a gifted and talented teacher.
Asynchronous Education for Graduate Medical Trainees to Reduce Health Disparities and Address Social Determinants of Health
Authors: Balls-Berry Joyce E. , Albold Cheryll
Published: October 2018

Health disparities and social determinants of health are directly linked to access, quality of healthcare, and increase in morbidity and mortality in minority and diverse communities. It is accepted that physicians lead healthcare teams; therefore, academic medical centers must assume the responsibility to provide training to reduce health disparities. The nation's academic medical centers and teaching hospitals have a responsibility to provide education on how healthcare disparities impacts diverse patient populations. This chapter provides a detailed overview of the curriculum development process and design of two asynchronous learning modules on health disparities and social determinants of health for graduate medical learners enrolled in multiple clinical specialty areas throughout one academic medical center's three geographic regional campuses. Formative and summative evaluation processes allowed the curriculum design team to revise the module design process, in situ and throughout the creation of the modules as well as evaluate learner growth and satisfaction.
Technologic Advances in Neurologic Practice and Education
Authors: Donohoe Charles , Gratton Sean M. , Vallurupalli Vivek M. , Waldman Steven D.
Published: October 2018

Although the visualization of the ocular fundus yields important clinical information regarding the optic nerve and retinal vasculature, proficiency in using the traditional handheld direct ophthalmoscope by both practicing physicians and medical students continues to deteriorate. A replacement for the direct ophthalmoscope is long overdue. The authors suggest a role for non-mydriatic fundus photography as having potential to resurrect the dying art of visualizing the fundus in both clinical practice and medical education. This chapter reviews the substantial barriers in both patient care as well as graduate and undergraduate medical education created by technical difficulties encountered using the direct ophthalmoscope to visualize the ocular fundus. The authors propose that a smartphone-compatible adaptor to view the ocular fundus will replace the direct ophthalmoscope.
The Use of Mobile ECG Monitoring Devices in Embolic Stroke Associated With Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Maniar Nikita , Donohoe Charles , Troudt Ellen Lau
Published: October 2018

Stroke prevention is a primary aim in clinical neurology. Atrial fibrillation (AF), the most common cardiac arrhythmia affecting 35 million people worldwide, carries a 5x risk of devastating stroke largely preventable with anticoagulation. The AliveCor Kardia™ mobile application for iPhones and Kardia Band™, a wristband for the Apple Watch, are approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). These clinically validated mobile electrocardiograms (ECGs) utilize an artificial intelligence algorithm to provide instant analysis for detecting AF. The preliminary experience using this novel technology at a safety net, teaching hospital was very positive. AliveCor's™ was easy to use by neurologists, residents, medical students and nursing personnel and, in combination with pulse palpation, consistently detected AF that was confirmed by a cardiologist with standard ECG. With this new technology, the identification of AF that previously went unrecognized and often asymptomatic has prompted significant changes in patient therapy (additional cardiology evaluation and administration of anticonvulsants). AliveCor™ improved the ability to identify AF in elderly patients with and without a prior history of stroke. Although detection of paroxysmal, persistent and chronic AF was achieved, stratification of the risk versus benefit of anticoagulation therapy in individual patients became more difficult. The anticipated epidemic of AF will be easier to detect with technological advances like AliveCor™, which provides accurate analysis compared to current anticoagulation risk population-based assessment tools. One assessment tool, the CHA2DS2-VASc, depicts a predictive value for stroke in patients with AF with a P value equal to 0.58, making it merely significant. More precise physiologic biomarkers of thrombus formation using blood or cardiac imaging are needed to segregate subgroups of this expanding population of patients found to be in AF.
Retention Through Curriculum Development
Authors: Prince Charles B. W.
Published: October 2018

Designing university curriculum is an important component to improve student retention and engagement. At the University of East London, the institution took to the curriculum as an opportunity to improve student progression and retention. In a time where UEL needed to make significant changes to the student experience, satisfaction, progression, retention, and graduation rates, bold steps were taken to ensure that their academic offering would support their strategic vision. The chapter provides the context of UEL's curriculum design journey and the results from those changes. A brief literature review is on the correlation between curriculum and retention. Next, the document analysis will show the experience of administrators during this process. The chapter closes by providing replicable and scalable opportunities that can be learned from their experience.