bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Nutritional Assessment Quality and Rate of Referral to A Dietitian in Shariati Hospital, Tehran, Iran: A Clinical Audit
Authors: Emami Mohammadreza , Zarezadeh Meysam , Sharifzadeh Mohammad , Fazelifarsani Zahra , Khorshidid Masoud
Published: January 2021

Background: Malnutrition is an acute or a chronic condition resulting from an imbalance in the intake, both in the form of undernutrition and over nutrition, leading to changes in the composition or reduced function of the body. Bio-social conditions and acute or chronic diseases are the most important factors affecting nutrition. It has been suggested that awareness of the prevalence and severity of malnutrition in hospitalized patients can be used by managers to understand the causes, health care system requirements, and health plans.
Methods: Medical records of 483 patients from 11 different wards of Shariati general hospital were assessed to evaluate the quality of nutritional assessment and the rate of referral to nutrition experts by physicians. This study consisted of two phases: evaluation of initial nutritional assessment and assessing the accuracy of malnutrition screening forms completion.
Results: Our study showed no initial nutritional assessment for 34% of the patients. Assessment of the accuracy of malnutrition screening showed that there was a considerable error in the reporting of BMI (66%), weight loss (51%), appetite loss (50%), and severity of the patient’s situation (39%). Also, the rate of referral to a nutritionist was 0% and 1% in the first and second phases of the study, respectively.
Conclusion: The present study showed that the quality of nutritional screening and subsequent referral to nutrition experts for professional nutritional assessment is negligible in Shariati hospital, Tehran, Iran.
Anticipating Future Geriatric Pharmacy Services in Iran
Authors: Ghaeli Padideh , Banaha Nafiseh
Published: January 2021

The article's abstract is not available.
Atorvastatin-Induced Myalgia in Iranian Patients: A Hospital-Based Study to Determine the Prevalence and Associated Risk Factors
Authors: Dastan Farzaneh , Salamzadeh Jamshid , Saffaei Ali , Nabavi Yasaman , Abbasinazari Mohammad
Published: January 2021

Background: Statins are associated with several muscle complaints, such as: myositis, myalgia, muscle weakness, muscle spasms and rhabdomyolysis. Age, race, gender, dose of statin, concomitant medications, concomitant disorders and genetics have been reported as the most important risk factor for statin-induced myalgia. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and associated risk factors of atorvastatin-induced myalgia in hospitalized patients in Tehran, Iran.
Methods: In this cross sectional study, a questionnaire was developed by expert panel opinions. The questionnaire was included various items regarding demographic data and myalgia evaluation factors. Seven hundred patients were included in the study and necessary data were gathered. Finally, the data were analyzed and a statistical model was designed to predict the myalgia risk factors.
Results: The rate of myalgia was 44.3% among studied patients. By developing a multivariate logistic model, female gender (OR= 0.47, P-value<0.001) was one of the most important factors in myalgia occurrence.
Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that gender, age, atorvastatin dose, duration of atorvastatin usage and presence of myotoxic disease are the main predictors of myalgia in Iranian population. Hence, the findings of this study can be considered to predict the myalgia incidence risk in Iranian population.
ESTOQUE DE CARBONO E ENERGIA EM PLANTIOS DE Eucalyptus NA REGIÃO NORTE DO BRASIL
Authors: Oliveira Rudson Silva , Dolácio Cícero Jorge Fonseca , Mossato Eloisa Camilo , Mayer Sandra Lúcia Soares , Silva Dimas Agostinho da
Published: January 2021

Os plantios florestais de Eucalyptus têm se destacado pelo seu rápido crescimento, elevada capacidade em estocar carbono e potencial energético. Entretanto, devido a incipiência de informações acerca desse gênero na Amazônia, nosso estudo buscou quantificar o estoque em carbono orgânico e energia potencial na biomassa dos diferentes componentes de Eucalyptus plantados no estado do Pará; e avaliar o seu potencial em sequestrar CO2 atmosférico. Os dados são referentes a dois materiais genéticos (Clone A e Clone B) com 55 meses de idade, em que foram coletadas seis árvores amostras por clone. O experimento foi avaliando em delineamento inteiramente casualizado em esquema fatorial 2x5 (Clone x Componente). Os resultados apontaram haver diferença significativa entre os componentes analisados; em que o fuste apresentou os maiores valores em acúmulo de carbono orgânico e energia potencial em sua biomassa; além de que ambos os clones apresentaram potencial em sequestrar CO2 atmosférico.
ALIMENTAÇÃO DE FILHOTES E JUVENIS DE TRACAJÁS (Podocnemis unifilis) E TARTARUGAS (Podocnemis expansa) NA NATUREZA E EM SISTEMAS DE CRIAÇÃO COMUNITÁRIA NO AMAZONAS
Authors: Oliveira Paulo Henrique Guimarães de , Castro Ingrid Campos , Andrade Paulo César Machado , Monteiro Midian Salgado , Gama Neto Cesário Velasquez da
Published: January 2021

O consumo de quelônios faz parte da culinária amazônica. O manejo de base comunitária do Programa Pé-de-pincha/UFAM tem recuperado populações de tracajás (Podocnemis unifilis) e tartarugas (P. expansa) em 123 comunidades do Amazonas e Pará. Em 2017, no Amazonas, foram criadas normas para o sistema de criação comunitária de quelônios. Este estudo objetivou buscar informações sobre os itens alimentares de filhotes de tartarugas e tracajás na natureza, avaliar seus valores nutricionais, e testá-los na dieta de filhotes em berçários de criações comunitárias em Barreirinha/AM. Foram realizadas 4 expedições (seca, enchente, cheia e vazante) quando foram coletados, identificados e feita análise bromatológica de frutos, folhas e sementes consumidos por quelônios que pudessem ser usados como ingredientes em rações alternativas. Foi feita a captura de tracajás e tartarugas com redes trammel-net, mergulho e viração nas praias, para coletar amostras do conteúdo estomacal pela técnica de flushing e identificação dos itens alimentares. Foram identificados 55 frutos (14 na seca; 41 na cheia) com 7,4±2,9% (4,3-14%) de proteína bruta (PB) na sua composição. Foram capturados 77 tracajás e 3 tartarugas, dos quais foram coletadas 58 amostras de conteúdo estomacal, com vestígios de sementes, frutos, folhas, conchas bivalves e gastrópodes. Foi realizado um ensaio de competição entre filhotes de tracajá e tartarugas alimentados com 50% ração+50% frutos versus filhotes alimentados com a ração TC-45, Nutrispiscis©, alevinagem. Não houve diferença entre o peso de filhotes de tracajás e tartarugas alimentados exclusivamente com ração TC45 e a ração alternativa/frutos locais, tornando viável seu uso na dieta dos filhotes.
Determinants of operational budgeting success in manufacturing enterprises
Authors: Pietrzak Żaneta
Published: January 2021

The book aims to measure and evaluate the use/success of operational budgeting in Polish companies and to identify and measure the determinants of success, based on the suggested model. It focuses mainly on: (a) the role of operational budgeting in the process of managing a company; (b) the variables that influence how the use/success of operational budgeting is assessed, to present factors that determine individual variables, and to identify the relationships and links between them; and (c) a model that helps to measure and evaluate the use/success of operational budgeting. This monograph is divided into an introduction, four chapters – three theoretical chapters and an empirical one – and a conclusion. During the study, the following research methods were applied: a literature review, including Polish and foreign literature, and an empirical study, using a standardized questionnaire.
Pengaruh Aplikasi Gliserin pada Kekerasan Resin Komposit Nanofiller dengan Perendaman Cuka Apel
Authors: Nugroho Raditya , Kharisma Putri Nila , Budirahardjo Roedy
Published: January 2021

Composite resin is a type of filling material that is often used because it has good bonds with dentine and enamel and has a high aesthetic value. Nanofiller composite resin has high hardness, good polishing, color accuracy, and good translucency. The hardness of composite resins can change caused by low pH beverage. Purpose: To determine the differences in effect of glycerin application on hardness of nanofiller composite resins with immersion of apple cider vinegar. The type of research used was experimental laboratories with a pretest and post test group design. Samples were 24 immersion in apple vinegar for 60 and 120 minutes. Measurement of hardness using the Vicker Hardness Tester to determine the hardness value. Data analysis was performed using One Way Anova and Post-Hoc LSD tests.There is a significant difference in the value of composite resin hardness in the entire study group. The highest hardness value was found in the group with the application of glycerin and without immersion, while the lowest value was found in the group without the application of glycerin and immersion in 120 minutes.
Gambaran Kepuasan Pasien yang Menggunakan Jaminan Kesehatan (BPJS) terhadap Mutu Pelayanan Keperawatan di Rumah Sakit Kabupaten Jember
Authors: Rahmawati Kurnia , Ardiana Anisah , Kurniawan Dicky Endrian
Published: January 2021

Quality of service is a service that suits your needs, affordable, effective, efficient, and no risk to save on expenses. This study aimed to analyze the description of BPJS patient satisfaction with the quality of nursing service at inpatient ward of hospital in Jember. This was a cross sectional study. The subjects of this study were BPJS patients at inpatient ward at hospital in Jember. There were 120 respondents choosed by purposive sampling. Data were collected using the Patient Satisfaction with Nursing Care Quality Questionnaire (PNSCQQ). This study showed that the patient satisfaction is not optimal. Indicators of general perception of patients in each statement showed that 80 patients (63.5%) said the overall quality of health service received was good. The overall quality of nursing service was also said to be good by 80 patients (63.5%). As many as 90 patients (71.5%) agreed that they wanted to recommend one of the hospital in Jember to family and friends who needed help in terms of health service. This research showed that it is important to improve the quality of nursing service to increase patient satisfaction. Nurses need to improve nursing care. This research can be used as a reference and illustration for hospital management, and nurses are expected to implement and improve quality nursing service in order to achieve better health service so patient satisfaction will be increase.
Peran Pekerja Sosial dalam Penanganan Orang dengan Gangguan Jiwa (ODGJ) di UPT Liposos Jember
Authors: Andrawina Lintang Restu , Ningtyas Farida Wahyu , Ririanty Mury
Published: January 2021

Orang Dengan Gangguan Jiwa (ODGJ) merupakan salah satu dari masalah kesehatan jiwa yang tergolong tinggi penderitanya di Indonesia dengan kondisi dimana seseorang mengalami kelemahan khusus pada proses berfikir sehingga memerlukan peran pekerja sosial dalam penanganannya. Salah satu lembaga yang menangani ODGJ adalah UPT. Liposos Jember dibawah naungan Dinas Sosial Kabupaten Jember.Peran yang dilakukan oleh pekerja sosial terhadap ODGJ diantaranya meliputi: enabler, broker, dan fasilitator.
The utility of cerebral oxygenation monitoring in premature neonates
Authors: Nesargi Saudamini , Nitsch Alexander , Wolf Martin
Published: January 2021

Near-infrared spectroscopy allows the measurement of cerebral oxygenation in preterm infants. This study aimed to demonstrate several highly relevant clinical situations in preterm infants in which the standard set of monitoring parameters without near-infrared spectroscopy is not sufficient to detect possible adverse situations, possibly resulting in severe complications, i.e. adverse neurological outcomes. The examples include situations of low blood pressure, persistent open ductus arteriosus, malfunctioning autoregulation of the brain oxygenation, and periods of irregular breathing. Without near-infrared spectroscopy, it is impossible to determine whether such a situation imposes any risk for the brain, whereas the measurement of cerebral oxygenation as an additional source of information enables the clinician to recognise these conditions and modify treatment or use countermeasures to protect the patient from brain damage and ensuing lifelong disabilities.
What are Polish women afraid of in vaginal birth? – A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Walasik Izabela , Kosińska-Kaczyńska Katarzyna , Kwiatkowska Katarzyna , Roman Natalia , Wysińska Julia , Szymusik Iwona
Published: January 2021

Introduction. Fear of childbirth is a specific feeling related to approaching birth that ranges from negligible to very intense. Women’s choices and doubts regarding the way of birth may be related to a lack of knowledge about the benefits and advantages of VB or a fear of this method of childbearing.
Aim. The aim of the study was to assess knowledge regarding labour, its possible complications and ways to prepare for vaginal delivery among Polish women
Material and Methods. A cross-sectional study was performed among 4721 women who were pregnant or who had had at least one delivery. A self-composed questionnaire was distributed via the internet in 2018.
Results. It seems that 13.9% of the respondents were pregnant, 49.2% women gave birth vaginally and 30.8% had a caesarean delivery. Most of the respondents were afraid of the pain associated with the labour (75% pregnant women, 63.4% women after vaginal birth, 59.1% women after caesarean section), and 57.8% of respondents would like to avoid episiotomy, but only 27,5% of them used any methods of perineal protection for vaginal delivery. Also, 43.4 % of respondents believe that vaginal delivery may have a negative impact on satisfaction in their sexual life, 26% of respondents think that a caesarean section scar has no impact on subsequent pregnancies, and 41% claim that women who had a caesarean delivery feel discriminated against as a cesarean section is considered to be a labour failure in society.
Conclusions. Women’s knowledge on the advantages and risks related to the methods of labour is insufficient, which may affect their preferences regarding vaginal or cesarean birth.
Rationale, design and methods planned in a prospective study concerning the circadian rhythm of heart rate asymmetry in healthy subjects
Authors: Sibrecht Greta , Krauze Tomasz , Dobkowska Renata , Wykrętowicz Andrzej , Piskorski Jarosław , Guzik Przemysław
Published: January 2021

Heart rate asymmetry (HRA) is a physiological phenomenon caused by an unequal (asymmetric) contribution of heart rate decelerations and accelerations to the variability (variance) and microstructure of the heart rhythm of sinus origin. HRA has been studied in healthy people and patients with heart failure, diabetes, obstructive sleep apnoea, ischaemic heart disease, and survivors of myocardial infarction. HRA is a particular form of the heart rate variability (HRV) phenomenon related to the changes in the duration of cardiac cycles of sinus origin. HRV is influenced by physical activity, age, gender or time of day. It has been reported that HRA expression differs between day and night. However, its circadian rhythm has not been analysed so far. Moreover, the differences in HRA expression related to gender, level of physical activity or age have not been investigated either. With this study, we aim to explore the circadian rhythm of the HRA features, as well as the relation of the HRA expression to gender, physical activity, sleep pattern and body composition in a group of at least 100 healthy adults of both sexes aged between 19 and 60. This study might provide reference values for HRA as well as confirming or dismissing the existence of circadian rhythm of this physiological phenomenon.
The Entropy of Supermassive Black Holes during its Evaporation Time
Authors: Corral-Bustamante R. Leticia
Published: January 2021

Is it possible to quantify in General Relativity, GR, the entropy generated by supermassive black holes, BHs, during its evaporation time, since the intrinsic Hawking radiation in the infinity that, although insignificant, is important in the effects on the thermal quantum atmosphere?The purpose was to develop a formula that allows us to measure the entropy generated during the evaporation time of different types of BHs of: i. remnant BH of the binary black holes’ merger, BBH: GW150914, GW151226 and LTV151012 detected by the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (LIGO), and ii. Schwarzschild, Reissner-Nordström, Kerr and Kerr-Newman, and thus quantify in GR the “insignificant” quantum effects involved, in order to contribute to the validity of the generalized second law (GSL) that directly links the laws of black hole mechanics to the ordinary laws of thermodynamics, as a starting point for unifying quantum effects with GR. This formula could have some relationship with the detection of the shadow’s image of the event horizon of a BH.This formula was developed in dimensional analysis, using the constants of nature and the possible evaporation time of a black hole, to quantify the entropy generated during that time. The energy-stress tensor was calculated with the 4 metrics to obtain the material content and apply the proposed formula.The entropy of the evaporation time of BHs proved to be insignificant, its temperature is barely above absolute zero, however, the calculation of this type of entropy allows us to argue about the importance of the quantum effects of Hawking radiation mentioned by authors who have studied the quantum effects with arguments that are fundamentally based on the presence of the surrounding thermal atmosphere of the black hole.
Editorial del Presidente del ceiA3
Authors: Gómez Villamandos José Carlos
Published: January 2021

El presidente del ceiA3 da la bienvenida a este primer número de la revista internacional de innovación en Bioeconomía Circular y Sostenible centrada en el ámbito agroalimentario y forestal.
La Bioeconomía como línea estratégica del Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario, ceiA3
Authors: De Toro-Jordano M. Dolores
Published: January 2021

La concienciación sobre la importancia de la Bioeconomía y el fomento de la transferencia para promover avances hacia una economía circular en los sistemas productivos vinculados con la agroalimentación precisa de la implementación de acciones y estrategias, a nivel territorial y regional, y la implicación de diferentes agentes que sirvan de tractor y dinamicen iniciativas con un enfoque botón-up y multi-actor. Aquí es donde el Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario, ceiA3, a través de su estrategia bioeconomía, alineada con la RIS3 andaluza, se posiciona como un instrumento clave para la región de Andalucía. El campus promueve la divulgación científica, la concienciación de la sociedad y del tejido productivo en materia de Bioeconomía, asimismo favorece el alineamiento de las instituciones integrantes del campus con las políticas en ese ámbito, dinamizando la interacción entre Universidades y entre grupos de investigación así como su interconexión con el sector agroalimentario para dar respuesta a las demandas específicas del mismo en bioeconomía tanto el formación, capacitación y docencia como en I+D y transferencia a través de un modelo de innovación abierta cuádruple hélice.
La bioeconomía como herramienta para el crecimiento económico sostenible
Authors: Lainez Manuel
Published: January 2021

El desarrollo tecnológico ha permitido diversificar los productos obtenidos en el marco de la bioeconomía, desde los alimentos, los productos forestales, los textiles y la energía, hasta los extractos y compuestos activos y una amplia gama de bioproductos. El nuevo contexto socioeconómico, en el que es imprescindible descarbonizar la economía o promover la economía circular, ha impulsado el desarrollo de la bioeconomía circular, especialmente en el marco del nuevo marco del Green Deal de la Unión Europea. La utilización de las biomasas generadas en España, especialmente las residuales procedentes del ámbito agroalimentario, del forestal, del urbano, tanto de los RSU como de los lodos de depuradora, son una oportunidad para el desarrollo económico. Las tecnologías que se están desarrollando permiten obtener compuestos químicos básicos, combustibles, biopolímeros, o compuestos con distintos tipos de actividad y funcionalidad, que pueden ser las materias primas para una nueva actividad económica. Se analizan los retos y las oportunidades para el desarrollo de la bioeconomía en España, así como la necesidad de realizar un análisis del ciclo de vida de cualquiera de los productos que se vayan a poner en el mercado, tanto los que vayan al consumidor final como los que se suministren a los sectores industriales. Los sectores industriales tradicionales como el de la energía, el de la gestión de residuos, el textil, el de la construcción, el del envase y embalaje, el de los vehículos a motor o el de la maquinaria y equipos, pueden suponer una oportunidad de negocio para las actividades ligadas a la bioeconomía, a través de la obtención de bioproductos.
Technology Focus: Mature Fields and Well Revitalization (January 2021)
Authors: Marathe R. V.
Published: January 2021

Sustaining production from mature brownfields is becoming an uphill task in the current storm of pandemic plus economic crisis. In this year’s papers on mature fields and well revitalization, I have found operators focusing on making all-out efforts to improve their ongoing waterflood operations to extend the life of existing wells, which is preferred over drilling new infill wells.

Waterflooding is the oldest method used for secondary recovery in oil fields because water is readily available and relatively inexpensive. Although the concept behind waterflooding is relatively simple and easy to implement, the reality is different, with many potential challenges such as water circulation because of poor reservoir conformance, induced matrix fracturing resulting in early water breakthrough, and reservoir souring, to mention just a few. The older the waterflood, the more susceptible it becomes to problems and challenges, and the most unavoidable challenge is managing increased amounts of produced water.

A third of the papers studied this year focus on improved-/enhanced-oil-recovery techniques, and a majority of them focus on improving waterfloods through various techniques such as using classical analysis and data-driven technologies for redistributing injected water and integrating efforts with cross-disciplinary teams.

Another area of focus is extending the life of existing wells. It is both a challenge and an opportunity. It is a challenge because operators must find a delicate balance between extending the life of an old well and jeopardizing the safety and integrity conditions in the field. It is an opportunity because it provides an attractive alternative for identifying and appraising possible behind-casing opportunities before plugging and abandonment. Several studies have been conducted to identify and appraise such opportunities.
Analytical Work Flows Enable Continuous Waterflooding Optimization for a Mature Field
Authors: Carpenter Chris
Published: January 2021

This article, written by JPT Technology Editor Chris Carpenter, contains highlights of paper SPE 198586, “A New Continuous Waterflood Operations Optimization for a Mature Oil Field by Use of Analytical Work Flows That Improve Reservoir Characterization,” by Atul Yadav and Anton Malkov, SPE, Wintershall, and Essam Omara, Suez Oil Company, et al., prepared for the 2019 SPE Gas and Oil Technology Showcase and Conference, Dubai, 21–23 October. The paper has not been peer reviewed.

In the complete paper, the authors present a novel approach that uses data-mining techniques on operations data of a complex mature oil field in the Gulf of Suez that is currently being waterflooded. Evidence is presented about how salinity data can be used to further justify the linkages between different wells obtained from cross-correlation analysis. The results presented in this research can be adapted to any waterflooded field to optimize recovery at frequent intervals where injection and production data are available continuously.

Introduction

Mature oil fields typically present challenges of increased water production and water handling. Considering the geological complexity and associated field-performance behavior, reservoir characterization to optimize water flooding is a major challenge. An integrated reservoir study was con ducted to minimize reservoir uncertainties and increase understanding of the field’s performance behavior. The acceptable history-matched model was used to estimate remaining oil potential, maintain and increase current production levels, and optimize the water-injection rate. Generally, history-matched models need to be updated throughout the life of producing fields as new subsurface data are acquired. Such integrated reservoir modeling studies, however, can be time-consuming and do not necessarily enable quicker decision-making around operational activities.

The continuous recording of production and injection data presents new opportunities to apply novel analytical techniques to understand interwell connectivity in the reservoir. The current ability to store and analyze data, coupled with advances in the ability to interpret big data sets, has helped create an independent toolkit that provides analysis without the geological model. In addition, geological information such as pre-existing faults and the commingled or disconnected nature of production between different layers can be integrated to obtain and improve analyses from the analytical models.

The authors analyze the results using Pearson’s cross-correlation analysis measure to obtain a qualitative analysis of the field. They also apply Spearman’s rank correlation analysis for the discussed field (henceforth named GOS for purposes of this paper) that helps compare injection and production data. The objective is to present a comparison between the analytical and the stream-lined approach to show consistency in reservoir characterization. The effective injector/producer pairs identified form an important component of the field development.
Prognostic Autophagy-Related Genes of Gastric Cancer Patients on Chemotherapy
Authors: Liu xiaolong , Ma Zhen , Zhang Lei , Yu Yang , Paul Maswikiti Ewetse , Ma YanLing , Leng Yufang , Chen Hao
Published: January 2021

Background Gastric cancer(GC) treated with fluorouracil and cisplatin can cause chemotherapy resistance, which is one of the most common postoperative clinical complications and leads to in poor prognosis. Methods The purpose of this study is to investigate the susceptibility of patients with GC after postoperative chemotherapy based on autophagy-related genes (ATGs). Under the background of TCGA database, for patients with GC undergoing and during chemotherapy,gene expression data was integrated and analyzed. Prognostic genes were screened based on univariate and various analysis regression models. Subjects were divided into two groups: high-risk group and low-risk group. Univariate and various analytical regression models were used to screen for prognostic genes. Median risk score was used for analysis. OS and DFS were evaluated by the product limit estimation method. Subject curve analysis is used to determine the accuracy of the forecast. We also have performed appropriate analysis and conducted some detailed assessments in our work. The differential expression of ATGs was mainly associated with chemotherapy resistance.Results After chemotherapy administration, we have screened 9 ATGs outcomes in the subjects and DFS and OS were precisely predicted by the model of GEO and TCGA databases.Conclusions 9 genes were established as prognostic markers to predict the relationship between ATGs and GC chemotherapy susceptibility, suggesting a better individualized treatment in clinical practice.
Serotonin and MAOA enable the organizer and tip dominance in Dictyostelium
Authors: Baskar Ramamurthy , Mani Rakesh , Hyde Geoffrey
Published: January 2021

The embryonic organizer is essential to determine one or more developmental polarities during chordate early development1,2. Functionally similar organizers also occur in more ancient animals3, and even in some protozoans such as Dictyostelium, in which the tip of the multicellular mound acts as an organizer4, establishing the main developmental axis, and regulating the size of the fruiting body5. However, our understanding of how the Dictyostelium organizer arises, and functions, is limited. Here we show that monoamine oxidase A (maoA), which degrades serotonin, confers the fate of an organizer to the Dictyostelium tip. Conversely, once a tip has formed, serotonin contributes to tip dominance. It inhibits further tip formation, and thus ensures the mound retains the size specified during an earlier developmental stage. Reducing the expression of maoA through RNA interference or by adding MAO specific inhibitors suppresses tip formation. Conversely, adding human MAOA enzyme, or an antagonist or antibodies against serotonin, restores tip formation in maoA knockdowns. Overexpression of maoA or adding a serotonin antagonist to the wildtype induces multiple tips from a single mound in a dose dependent manner. Using an array of genetic and molecular techniques, we show that serotonin’s inhibition of cAMP signalling and cell-cell adhesion is the basis of its regulation of tip formation. Our study demonstrates that serotonin, recently appreciated for its developmental roles in widespread phyla6, also has a novel and ancient role in the formation and function of an organizer.
The Seasonal Evolution of Subglacial Drainage Pathways Beneath a Soft-bedded Glacier
Authors: Hart Jane , Young David , Baurley Nathaniel , Robson Benjamin , Martinez Kirk
Published: January 2021

Subglacial hydrology is a key element in glacier response to climate change, but investigations of this environment are logistically difficult. Most models are based on summer data from glaciers resting on rigid bedrocks. However a significant number of glaciers rest on soft (unconsolidated sedimentary) beds, including the potentially unstable ice streams of West Antarctica. Here we present a rare multi-year instrumented record of the development of seasonal subglacial behavior in a temperate glacier resting on a deformable sediment layer as an analogue for West Antarctica. We observe a distinct annual pattern in the subglacial hydrology based on self-organizing anastomosing braided channels. Water is stored within the subglacial system itself (till, braided system and ‘ponds’), allowing the rapid access of water to enable glacier speed-up events to occur throughout the year, particularly in winter.
Impact of Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy as Treatment for Sepsis-Associated Acute Kidney Injury on Lactate Levels and the Risk of 28-Day Mortality in Intensive Care Units
Authors: Zhang Luming , Wang Zichen , Xu Fengshuo , Ren Yinlong , Han Didi , Li Chengzhuo , Lyu Jun , Yin Haiyan
Published: January 2021

Background: Sepsis has high incidence and fatality rates in intensive care units, often leading to renal failure. The effectiveness of continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) in sepsis-associated acute kidney injury (S-AKI) patients is currently uncertain.Aim: Joint mode was used to determine the effect of CRRT on the lactate levels and survival of S-AKI patients.Methods: A retrospective study was applied to patients with sepsis and AKI, which were extracted from the MIMIC-III public database, with the endpoint being 28-day mortality. Every lactate level measurement within 28 days was observed and calculated using logarithms. Joint model combined the longitudinal analysis of the natural logarithm of the lactate level [log(lactate)] in longitudinal submodel and Cox regression by trajectory function, demonstrating the effects of CRRT on 28-day survival and log(lactate) changes, and its final relationship with the event status.Results: Among the 717 S-AKI patients, 157 received CRRT. CRRT was not associated with 28-day mortality. After adjustments, the relationship between CRRT use and log(lactate) elevation was statistically significant. The parameter estimation of CRRT and log(lactate) indicated that using CRRT will increase log(lactate) by 0.041 in S-AKI patients. The joint model also instigated a fixed association between changes in the lactate level and the event result, revealing an exp value of (1.755) =5.78, indicating that an increase of one unit in log(lactate) will increase the risk of 28-day mortality 5.78-fold. Conclusion: CRRT does not improve the prognosis of patients with sepsis and acute kidney injury in critical-care units and has a tendency of increasing lactate levels, which is a significant risk factor for the prognosis.
Complete Chloroplast Genome Sequence of a Major Warm-Season Turfgrass Species, Centipedegrass [Eremochloa ophiuroides (Munro) Hack.]: Genome Characterization, Comparative and Phylogenetic Analysis
Authors: Li Jianjian , Zong Junqin , Wang Haoran , Wang Jingjing , Guo Hailin , Chen Jingbo , Li Dandan , Li Ling , Liu Jianxiu
Published: January 2021

Background: Chloroplast (cp) genome sequence data could provide valuable information for molecular taxonomy and phylogenetic reconstruction among plant species and individuals. However, as one of the most important warm-season turfgrasses widely used in USA and China, cp genome characteristics and phylogenetic position of centipedegrass (Eremochloa ophiuroides) were poorly understood.Results: In this study, we determined the complete chloroplast genome sequences of E. ophiuroides using high-throughput Illumina sequencing technology. The circle pseudomolecule for E. ophiuroides cp genome is 139,107 bp in length, and has a typical quadripartite structure consisting of a pair of inverted repeat (IR) regions of 22,230 bp each separated by a large single copy (LSC) region of 82,081 bp and a small single copy (SSC) region of 12,566 bp. The nucleotide composition of E. ophiuroides cp genome is asymmetric with an overall A + T content of 61.60%. It encodes a total of 131 gene species, composed of 20 duplicated genes within the IR regions and 111 unique genes including 77 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 30 transfer RNA (tRNA) genes and four ribosome RNA (rRNA) genes. Analysis of the repetitive sequences revealed that E. ophiuroides cp genome contains 51 tandem repeats including 29 forward, 20 palindromic and 2 reverse repeats, and 197 simple sequence repeats (SSRs) which were mainly composed of adenine (A) and thymine (T) bases. Comparison of the E. ophiuroides complete cp genome with the genomes of other seven Gramineae species showed a high degree of collinearity among Gramineae plants. Phylogenetic analysis showed that E. ophiuroides was closely related to E. ciliaris and E. eriopoda, and was placed in a clade with the two Eremochloa species and Mnesithea helferi within the subtribe Rottboelliinae, which clarified evolutionary status of E. ophiuroides in tribe Andropogoneae and also authenticated the current taxonomy of the tribe Andropogoneae.Conclusions: The present study provides the complete structure of the E. ophiuroides cp genome, and preliminarily ascertains the phylogenetic position of E. ophiuroides in tribe Andropogonodae. This will be of value to grass taxa identification, phylogenetic resolution, population structure and biodiversity, novel gene discovery and functional genomic studies for the genus Eremochloa.
Investigation of Genetic Relationships within Miscanthus using SNP Markers Identified using SLAF-Seq
Authors: Chen ZHIYONG , He Yancen , Iqbal Yasir , Shi Yanlan , Huang Hongmei , Yi Zili
Published: January 2021

Background: Miscanthus, which is a leading dedicated-energy grass in Europe and in parts of Asia, is expected to play a key role in the development of the future bioeconomy. However, due to its complex genetic background, it is difficult to investigate phylogenetic relationships and the evolution of gene function in this genus. Here, we investigated 50 Miscanthus germplasms: 1 female parent (M. lutarioriparius), 30 candidate male parents (M. lutarioriparius, M. sinensis, and M. sacchariflorus), and 19 offspring. We used high-throughput Specific-Locus Amplified Fragment sequencing (SLAF-seq) to identify informative single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in all germplasms.Results: We identified 800,081 SLAF tags, of which 160,368 were polymorphic. Each tag was 264–364 bp long. The obtained SNPs were used to investigate genetic relationships within Miscanthus. We constructed a phylogenetic tree of the 50 germplasms using the obtained SNPs, and found that the germplasms fell into two clades: one clade of M. sinensis only and one clade that included the offspring, M. lutarioriparius, and M. sacchariflorus. Genetic cluster analysis indicated that M. lutarioriparius germplasm C3 was the most likely male parent of the offspring.Conclusions: As a high-throughput sequencing method, SLAF-seq can be used to identify informative SNPs in Miscanthus germplasms and to rapidly characterize genetic relationships within this genus. Our results will support the development of breeding programs utilizing Miscanthus cultivars with elite biomass- or fiber-production potential.
Advanced skeletal muscle imaging in S-Adenosylhomocysteine Hydrolase Deficiency: A case series
Authors: Kuhtic Ivana , Baric Ivo , Ramadza Danijela Petkovic , Cavka Mislav , Prutki Maja
Published: January 2021

BackgroundS-Adenosylhomocysteine ​​hydrolase (SAHH) deficiency is a rare inherited multisystemic disease with muscle involvement associated with increased activity of creatine kinase being one of the most prominent and poorly understood feature. Therefore, skeletal muscles were analyzed by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and MR spectroscopy (MRS) in three brothers with SAHH deficiency in a different age group.Case presentationAt the time of this study, the brothers were at age of 13, 11, and 8 years, respectively. They presented with similar symptoms in early infancy. Motor developmental delay began in the first months of life. Myopathy was more pronounced in the lower extremities and proximal skeletal muscle groups. MRI revealed lipid infiltration, and MRS curve showed an elevated muscle lipid fraction (higher peak of lipid) increased with age and in proximal skeletal muscle in lower extremities. The data was consistent with muscle biopsy findings in two of them, and third patient had no specific pathological changes in examined muscle tissue.ConclusionsThese findings open the possibility of insight into the extent of muscle involvement, monitoring the course of SAHH deficiency and response to therapy with an accessible and non-invasive method of MRI and MRS.
Target Vehicle Selection Algorithm Based on Lane-changing Intention of Preceding Vehicle for ACC
Authors: Yao Jun , Chen Guoying , Gao Zhenhai
Published: January 2021

In order to improve the ride comfort and safety of the traditional adaptive cruise control (ACC) system when the preceding vehicle changes lanes, this paper proposes a target vehicle selection algorithm based on the prediction of the lane-changing intention of the preceding vehicle. First, NGSIM dataset is used to train a lane-changing intention prediction algorithm based on sliding window SVM, and the lane-changing intent of the preceding vehicle in the current lane can be identified by lateral position offset. Secondly, according to the lane-changing intention and the collision threat of the preceding vehicle, the target vehicle selection algorithm is studied under three different conditions: safe lane-changing condition, dangerous lane-changing condition, and lane-changing cancellation condition. Finally, the effectiveness of the algorithm proposed in this paper is verified in the co-simulation platform. The simulation results show that the target vehicle selection algorithm proposed in this paper can ensure the smooth transfer of the target vehicle and effectively reduce the longitudinal acceleration fluctuation of the subject vehicle when the preceding vehicle changes lanes safely or cancels the lane change. In the case of a dangerous lane change, the target vehicle selection algorithm proposed in this paper can respond to the dangerous lane change in advance compared with the target vehicle selection method of the traditional ACC system, which can effectively avoid collisions and improve the safety of the subject vehicle.
Regalrechte: Patentgebühren und die Rechtsgleichheit
Authors: Zünd Rafael
Published: January 2021

Regalrechte sind historische Monopole der Kantone. Die Rechtsprechung lässt den Kantonen bei der Ausübung ihrer Regalrechte grosse Freiräume. Obwohl es heute als unbestritten gilt, dass die Kantone auch im Rahmen ihrer Regalrechte die Rechtsgleichheit respektieren müssen, lässt es die Rechtsprechung zu, dass auswärtige Personen gegenüber Personen mit Wohnsitz im Kanton erheblich benachteiligt werden. Dies gilt insbesondere bezüglich Patentgebühren. Der Autor setzt sich mit dieser Praxis kritisch auseinander und versucht aufzuzeigen, weshalb er die Rechtsprechung des Bundesgerichts nicht mehr für zeitgemäss hält.
Innovative Tools for Investment Management in the Digital Economy: a Guide for Post-Socialist Countries
Authors: Mammadova Gulsum Mirdamad
Published: January 2021

This paper summarizes the arguments and counterarguments within the scientific discussion on the issue of establishing the main factors that determine the parameters and dynamics of investment activity in the country based on sources of investment financing. The main purpose of the research is to study the formed in post-socialist countries features of investment management and to develop proposals for the introduction of innovative approaches to investment management considering the experience of developed countries and current trends in digitalization of the economy. Investigation of the topic of investment management in post-socialist countries in terms of resources of investment financing is carried out in the paper in the following logical sequence. First, the literature review and theoretical analysis of the issue allowed identifying the main sources of investment financing such as own funds of enterprises, household savings, banking sector loans, capital market financing, budget funds, foreign direct and portfolio investment, funds of international organizations. The second stage of the study held a comparative analysis of the role of each of the factors on the parameters and dynamics of investment activity in post-socialist countries. Methodological tools of the research methods are correlation and regression analysis. The statistical base of the study is the World Bank data on gross capital formation, gross savings, foreign direct and portfolio investment, long-term commercial bank loans, taxes on income, profit, and capital gains. The third component of the research is the study of the experience of developed countries in the use of innovative investment financing tools, analysis of the dynamics of digital capital management tools such as WealthTech. Based on the study findings, the authors proposed recommendations for improving the efficiency of investment management in post-socialist countries and options for adapting digital tools to attract investment and manage them.
Keywords: digital capital management, financial innovation, gross capital formation, investment financing, WealthTech.
Innovations in the management of higher education: situation analysis of Syrian female students empowerment
Authors: Dalati Serene , Raudeliuniene Jurgita , Davidaviciene Vida
Published: January 2021

Syrian women face many barriers and restrictions on the way to legitimate their roles in the formal economy and the higher education sector. This paper examines the higher education environment in Syria, highlighting the situation after 2011. The purpose of this research is to conduct a situation analysis of Syrian female students’ empowerment in the higher education environment. The study object is the private Syrian university used to identify the main barriers and restrictions in the higher education sector and determine training areas for solving the before-mentioned issues. The methodology applied in this research employs a quantitative approach through the design of a structured questionnaire. The findings exposed the importance to develop further investigations on the integration of gender equality into the university strategy. Therefore, a lack of awareness of gender equality and equity is a significant area for development and study at Syrian universities. The obtained results in the field of female students’ empowerment demonstrated adequate levels of motivation to pursue a career in academia and interest in studying gender-oriented courses. However, gender issues have not integrated into the university course offerings and curriculum. This study covers the policies related to institutional support are areas of investigation. Besides, the research results showed that stereotypes and social expectations exist are considered to be the challenges that require examination. Technological skills, soft skills, and leadership skills were determined as an array of training that was needed by female students. Self-empowerment was recognized as critical training for female students. Developing management, leadership, and networking skills were also identified as a training need for female students.
Keywords: female, gender, student, higher education, women empowerment, university.
El suicidio. Una mirada integral e integradora
Authors: Cardona Ríos Gloria Cecilia ,   Universidad Católica Luis Amigó, Rojas Díaz Jhoeen Sneyder ,   Universidad Católica Luis Amigó, Mejía Zapata Sandra Isabel ,   Universidad Católica Luis Amigó, Vega Seña Marcos Fidel ,   Universidad Católica Luis Amigó, Kratc Gil Eliza ,   Universidad Católica Luis Amigó, Amador Sánchez Omar Augusto ,   Universidad Católica Luis Amigó, Vizcaya Castillo Ángel Augusto ,   Universidad Católica Luis Amigó, Carvajal Serna Diego León ,   Universidad Católica Luis Amigó, Restrepo Tobón María Victoria ,   Universidad Católica Luis Amigó, Molina Velásquez David Ignacio ,   Universidad Católica Luis Amigó, Ceballos Duque Ana Lucía ,   Universidad Católica Luis Amigó
Published: January 2021

El contenido de esta publicación resulta de una investigación acerca de la prevención del comportamiento suicida, liderada por la Universidad Católica Luis Amigó (sede Medellín, Colombia) e implementada en cinco localidades del departamento de Antioquia con el objetivo de acompañar desde la asesoría y asistencia técnica a los municipios participantes mediante el trabajo interactivo con la institucionalidad de cada localidad. La investigación y el texto mismo tienen la pretensión de visibilizar esta compleja problemática como un asunto de todos y todas, en aras de posicionarla como una cuestión de interés público.
Las tecnologías de la información y comunicación en psicoterapia en COVID-19
Authors: Moreno Proaño Gilda , Porras Diego
Published: January 2021

En el presente artículo se realiza una revisión bibliográfica acerca de las Tecnologías de la Información y Comunicación en la psicoterapia en Covid-19, la misma que tiene por objetivo analizar diferentes aspectos que conforman la estructura de una intervención psicoterapéutica, tales como, las herramientas tecnológicas utilizadas, la comunicación y la relación psicoterapéutica, la confidencialidad, los aspectos éticos intervinientes y las ventajas y desventajas de la modalidad virtual a la que tanto pacientes como terapeutas se han visto obligados a adaptarse por motivos del confinamiento en el mundo.