bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Lifestyle pattern analysis unveils recovery trajectories of communities impacted by disasters
Authors: Coleman Natalie , Liu Chenyue , Zhao Yiqing , Mostafavi Ali
Published: November 2023

Lifestyle recovery captures the collective effects of population activities as well as the restoration of infrastructure and business services. This study uses a novel approach to leverage privacy-enhanced location intelligence data, which is anonymized and aggregated, to characterize distinctive lifestyle patterns and to unveil recovery trajectories after 2017 Hurricane Harvey in Harris County, Texas (USA). The analysis integrates multiple data sources to record the number of visits from home census block groups (CBGs) to different points of interest (POIs) in the county during the baseline and disaster periods. For the methodology, the research utilizes unsupervised machine learning and ANOVA statistical testing to characterize the recovery of lifestyles using privacy-enhanced location intelligence data. First, primary clustering using k-means characterized four distinct essential and non-essential lifestyle patterns. For each primary lifestyle cluster, the secondary clustering characterized the impact of the hurricane into four possible recovery trajectories based on the severity of maximum disruption and duration of recovery. The findings further reveal multiple recovery trajectories and durations within each lifestyle cluster, which imply differential recovery rates among similar lifestyles and different demographic groups. The impact of flooding on lifestyle recovery extends beyond the flooded regions, as 59% of CBGs with extreme recovery durations did not have at least 1% of direct flooding impacts. The findings offer a twofold theoretical significance: (1) lifestyle recovery is a critical milestone that needs to be examined, quantified, and monitored in the aftermath of disasters; (2) spatial structures of cities formed by human mobility and distribution of facilities extend the spatial reach of flood impacts on population lifestyles. These provide novel data-driven insights for public officials and emergency managers to examine, measure, and monitor a critical milestone in community recovery trajectory based on the return of lifestyles to normalcy.
Systemic thinking and gender: an exploratory study of Mexican female university students
Authors: Cruz-Sandoval Marco , Carlos-Arroyo Martina , de los Rios-Berjillos Araceli , Vázquez-Parra José Carlos
Published: November 2023

The purpose of this article is to present the results of a study conducted on a population of students from two educational institutions in western Mexico. The intention is to identify how students perceive their level of systemic thinking, focusing primarily on women. Thus, this article seeks to identify differences not only on the basis of gender (men–women) but also on the basis of social status (public and private institutions). Methodologically, a descriptive statistical analysis was carried out with which it was possible to conclude that, although statistically significant differences between men and women are not identified, they are found between groups of women in public and private institutions. This article invites reflection on the need to study possible gender gaps from an intersectional perspective, which considers the differences between genders and the various dimensions and relations of women in their educational process.
a-C/GeTe superlattices: Effect of interfacial impedance adaptation modeling on the thermal properties
Authors: Desmarchelier Paul , Giordano Valentina M. , Raty Jean-Yves , Termentzidis Konstantinos
Published: November 2023

Recently, nanostructuration has been proposed to improve the performance of phase change memories. This is the case of superlattices composed of amorphous carbon and crystalline germanium telluride, which we have investigated by molecular dynamics. For this, a modified Stillinger–Weber potential is adapted to reproduce their stiffness contrast/impedance ratio. In order to study the effect of the interface interaction, two sets of parameters are used to model the interfaces with different interactions between the two materials using the properties of the softer material or the average properties between the two creating an adaptation of impedance across the layers. The effects of interface roughness and carbon diffusion at grain boundaries are studied. Using equilibrium molecular dynamics as well as the propagation of wave-packets, we show first that without impedance adaptation, the anisotropy is high, and the roughness has a marked impact on the properties. However, the introduction of impedance adaptation destroys those effects on the thermal conductivity. Finally, we show that the periodic texturing of the interface increases the transmission of in-plane transverse phonons.
Early life-history characteristics of Conger leptocephali in the western South Pacific
Authors: Takeuchi Aya , Kuroki Mari , Miller Michael J. , Pogonoski John J. , Otake Tsuguo , Takasuka Akinori
Published: November 2023

Context Conger eels in temperate regions migrate offshore to reproduce in similar ways as anguillid eels do, but little is known about Conger life histories in the western South Pacific (WSP). Aims To show the larval distribution and size, species composition, and early life history of WSP conger eels. Methods Morphological and genetic species identification and otolith analysis were conducted using 71 Conger leptocephali individuals collected in five station-transects from 10 July to 3 October 2016 during the KH-16-4 cruise. Key results We found C. cinereus, C. monganius, C. verreauxi and Conger sp. 1 leptocephali. Possible spawning areas of C. cinereus and C. verreauxi were discovered, and C. verreauxi appears to migrate offshore to reproduce. Growth rates of the four conger eels were higher than those of temperate Conger species, and of Anguilla leptocephali that were collected in the WSP. Conclusions Aspects of the Conger species composition, spawning areas and larval distributions were shown. Conger leptocephali grow faster than do Anguilla leptocephali in the WSP, probably because Conger larvae have larger maximum sizes. Implications Our findings have improved understanding of the early life history of Conger species and highlighted need for further studies about life histories of Conger in the Indo-Pacific region.
Mechanisms of actin disassembly and turnover
Authors: Goode Bruce L. , Eskin Julian , Shekhar Shashank
Published: November 2023

Cellular actin networks exhibit a wide range of sizes, shapes, and architectures tailored to their biological roles. Once assembled, these filamentous networks are either maintained in a state of polarized turnover or induced to undergo net disassembly. Further, the rates at which the networks are turned over and/or dismantled can vary greatly, from seconds to minutes to hours or even days. Here, we review the molecular machinery and mechanisms employed in cells to drive the disassembly and turnover of actin networks. In particular, we highlight recent discoveries showing that specific combinations of conserved actin disassembly-promoting proteins (cofilin, GMF, twinfilin, Srv2/CAP, coronin, AIP1, capping protein, and profilin) work in concert to debranch, sever, cap, and depolymerize actin filaments, and to recharge actin monomers for new rounds of assembly.
Finiteness of quantum gravity with matter on a PL spacetime
Authors: Miković A
Published: November 2023

We study the convergence of the path integral (PI) for general relativity with matter on a picewise linear (PL) spacetime that corresponds to a triangulation of a smooth manifold by using a PI measure that renders the pure gravity PI finite. This measure depends on a parameter p, and in the case when the matter content is just scalar fields, we show that the PI is absolutely convergent for

p
>

0,5 and not more than two scalar fields. In the case of Yang–Mills (YM) fields, we show that the PI is absolutely convergent for the U(1) group and

p
>

0,5. In the case of Dirac fermions, we show that the PI is absolutely convergent for any number of fermions and a sufficiently large p. When the matter content is given by scalars, YM fields and fermions, as in the case of the standard model (SM), we show that the PI is absolutely convergent for

p
>

52,5. Hence one can construct a finite quantum gravity theory on a PL spacetime such that the classical limit is general relativity coupled to the SM.
Helicon waves in a converging-diverging magnetoplasma
Authors: Filleul F , Caldarelli A , Takahashi K , Boswell R W , Charles C , Cater J E , Rattenbury N
Published: November 2023

Waves propagating along a converging-diverging rf magnetoplasma having the characteristics of a bounded m = 0 helicon mode are reported and characterised. The discharge features a 30

 

cm separation between the region of radiofrequency energy deposition by a single loop antenna and the region of maximum magnetic field applied by a pair of coils. With 200

 

W of rf input power, up to a five-fold increase in axial plasma density between the antenna and the magnetic mirror throat is observed together with an Ar II blue-mode. Two dimensional B-dot probe measurements show that the rf magnetic fields are closely guided by the converging-diverging geometry. The wave is characterised as a m = 0 mode satisfying the helicon dispersion relation on-axis with radial boundary conditions approximately matching the radii of the plasma column. Analysis of the wave phase velocity and wave axial damping failed to identify collisionless or collisional wave-plasma coupling mechanisms. Instead, the wave axial amplitude variations can be explained by local wave resonances and possible reflections from localised rapid changes of the refractive index. A Venturi-like effect owing to the funnel-shaped magnetoplasma and conservation of the wave energy may also explain some level of amplitude variations.
Advancing the pressure sensing performance and biocompatible of conductive rGO/PEDOT/PDMS composite film for simple and efficient pressure sensor
Authors: Peng Zhongquan , Zhu Changhong , Zhang Xiaodong , Zhang Linlin
Published: November 2023

Recently, the demand for superior wearable strain sensors has been growing steadily with the widespread application of stretchable electronics. Based on polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT):polystyrene sulfonate, it has good compatibility with graphene doping. Herein, an uncomplicated and capable pressure sensor based on PEDOT/PDMS-wrapped free-standing reduced graphene oxide (rGO) was devised and manufactured. The graphene-containing composite conductor exhibits superb electrical conductivity, resilience, and piezoresistive effect, and surprisingly exhibits excellent antibacterial capabilities and cycling constancy. The fast response and recovery times of this pressure sensor are below 9 and 21 ms, respectively. The magnitude of current changes did not fluctuate significantly after 10 000 cycles of use, which indicates the great dependence of the sensor. Strain sensors as one of primary demand is that composite conductors are attached straight to the mortal skin (joints, elbows and knees) for actual-time monitoring.
Study on wave propagation in the modulation structure with gradually changing impedance according to specific waveform based on magneto-rheological fluid
Authors: Si Qianqian , Liu Shaogang , Wang Lei , Sun Zebang
Published: November 2023

This work proposes a novel hierarchical modulation structure with gradually-changed impedance built by magneto-rheological (MR) fluid and investigates its wave propagation characteristics theoretically and experimentally. Based on the impedance tunable property of the MR fluid, applying multiple magnetic fields to MR fluid realizes the modulation of this proposed structure, and regulating its magnetic field distribution law can effectively change the impedance variation forms in the structure. Establish the elastic wave propagation model of this modulated structure, and analyze the variation trends of its elastic wave propagation characteristics with different impedance distribution patterns, taking the vibration level difference as an indicator. Subsequently, conduct experimental testing for the transmissibility of elastic waves. The results show that the elastic wave transmission characteristics of the proposed modulation structure mainly depend on its impedance variation rate and the frequency of external excitation. On a broader band of the frequency range (20–300 Hz) studied in this paper, the gradual impedance distribution of MR fluid enhances the transmission loss of elastic waves compared to a uniform distribution of its impedance. Moreover, in the lower frequency range (40–125 Hz), the layered modulation structure with a non-monotonic variation of impedance following a wave-like waveform presents more significant attenuation on elastic waves than the structure whose impedance varies monotonously in a gradient waveform. This work contributes to expanding the design thoughts of the structure with gradually changing impedance and providing new ideas and means for the control of elastic waves.
Uq(sl3)
3j-symbols for tensor product of symmetric representations
Authors: Ahmed Ayaz , Ramadevi P , Akhtar Shoaib
Published: November 2023

We propose an algebraic procedure to obtain

U

q

(

sl

3

)

quantum 3j-symbols (quantum Clebsch–Gordan coefficients) appearing in the decomposition of tensor product of symmetric representations. In fact, these symbols will be useful to write the spectral parameter dependent R-matrix elements for any bi-partite vertex model whose edges carry states of the symmetric representations.
Planar weibull quantum circuit genetic algorithm with strong search ability and its implementation
Authors: Dong Ziming , Zeng Yi , Luo Jun , Wang Hao , He Jin , Hang Qijun , Chang Sheng
Published: November 2023

Genetic Algorithm (GA) is a widely used search method, and Quantum Genetic Algorithm (QGA) has been pointed out for several years. While common QGA only refers to the concept of quantum mechanics, and still uses mathematical representations of quantum states to simulate quantum entanglement and superposition, it can’t be realized on a quantum computer. This paper presents an implementable quantum circuit for a genetic algorithm, named as Planar-Weibull Quantum Circuit Genetic Algorithm (PW-QCGA), employing the Weibull function and excitation function through planar matrix coding. It is not only a self-adaptive algorithm that adjusts parameters dynamically, but it can also be executed on quantum computers by constructing parameterized quantum circuits. Experiments on three typical applications show that PW-QCGA not only has obvious advantages on convergence accuracy, search ability, convergence speed, and robustness, but also has higher fidelity on a quantum computer. We hope this work can bring inspiration to other quantum intelligent algorithms.
Large rotating magnetocaloric effects in polycrystalline Ni-Mn-Ga melt-spun ribbons
Authors: Chen Fenghua , Xie Haibo , Huo Mingshuai , Wu Hui , Li Lianjie , Jia Fanghui , Jiang Zhengyi
Published: November 2023

In this study, the different wheel speeds Ni53Mn23.5Ga23.5 alloy ribbons were prepared by melt-spun method. The morphology and crystal structure, martensitic phase transformation, magnetocrystalline anisotropy, in situ technique magnetization observation and the magnetic refrigeration capacity resulting were tested. The ratio of the length to width for the columnar crystals is approximately 2.5:1.0 in the sample created at a wheel speed of 12 m s−1, and it increases to 5:1 in the sample produced at a wheel speed of 18 m s−1. It is found that a sample with 18 m s−1 ha−1s−1 a large rotating magnetocaloric effect in polycrystalline alloys, with the results of 2 K with different directions. It can be designed as a working substance for rotary refrigeration machines that make full use of their anisotropic characteristics. The in situ atomic force microscope observation of the technological magnetisation has provided an important exploration for a better understanding of the magnetisation.
Thermoelastic damping and frequency shift of different micro-scale piezoelectro-magneto-thermoelastic beams
Authors: Guha Sayantan , Singh Abhishek Kumar , Singh Sonam
Published: November 2023

This work focuses on mathematically studying thermoelastic damping (TED) and frequency shift (FS) in micro-scale piezoelectro-magneto-thermoelastic (PEMT) composite beams composed of BaTiO3-CoFe2O4 combination. Pertaining to cutting-edge micro-technologies implemented in several engineering/scientific applications now-a-days, micro-scale doubly clamped (CC), doubly simply supported (SS), clamped-free (CF), and clamped-simply supported (CS) beams are extensively analyzed. The beams are modeled following the linear Euler-Bernoulli assumptions. The first two eigenvalues of all beams are numerically obtained using Newton-Raphson method. The closed-form expressions of TED and FS of all beams are derived analytically. The influences of Classical dynamical coupled (CL), Lord-Shulman (LS) & Green-Lindsay (GL) thermoelasticity theories, beam dimensions, BaTiO3 volume fraction (Ω
f
), and the first two modes (M
1 & M
2) on the TED & FS are meticulously analyzed. Critical thickness (CrTh), critical length (CrLt), and TED (inverse Quality factor) of the beams are numerically obtained and studied. Among other key outcomes, the existence of a critical value of Ω
f
is established in the range Ω
f
∈ [0.5, 0.55], at which, the TED and FS display a drastic change in their natures. The outcomes of the present analysis may find immense potential uses in the design and development of PEMT composite micro-beams, and their applications in several areas such as supporting/stiffening other micro/nanostructures, construction works, sensitive sensing applications, etc.
Progress in direct measurements of the Hubble constant
Authors: Freedman Wendy L. , Madore Barry F.
Published: November 2023

One of the most exciting and pressing issues in cosmology today is the discrepancy between some measurements of the local Hubble constant and other values of the expansion rate inferred from the observed temperature and polarization fluctuations in the cosmic microwave background (CMB) radiation. Resolving these differences holds the potential for the discovery of new physics beyond the standard model of cosmology: Lambda Cold Dark Matter (ΛCDM), a successful model that has been in place for more than 20 years. Given both the fundamental significance of this outstanding discrepancy, and the many-decades-long effort to increase the accuracy of the extragalactic distance scale, it is critical to demonstrate that the local measurements are convincingly free from residual systematic errors. We review the progress over the past quarter century in measurements of the local value of the Hubble constant, and discuss remaining challenges. Particularly exciting are new data from the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST), for which we present an overview of our program and first results. We focus in particular on Cepheids and the Tip of the Red Giant Branch (TRGB) stars, as well as a relatively new method, the JAGB (J-Region Asymptotic Giant Branch) method, all methods that currently exhibit the demonstrably smallest statistical and systematic uncertainties. JWST is delivering high-resolution near-infrared imaging data to both test for and to address directly several of the systematic uncertainties that have historically limited the accuracy of extragalactic distance scale measurements (e.g., the dimming effects of interstellar dust, chemical composition differences in the atmospheres of stars, and the crowding and blending of Cepheids contaminated by nearby previously unresolved stars). For the first galaxy in our program, NGC 7250, the high-resolution JWST images demonstrate that many of the Cepheids observed with the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) are significantly crowded by nearby neighbors. Avoiding the more significantly crowded variables, the scatter in the JWST near-infrared (NIR) Cepheid PL relation is decreased by a factor of two compared to those from HST, illustrating the power of JWST for improvements to local measurements of H
0. Ultimately, these data will either confirm the standard model, or provide robust evidence for the inclusion of additional new physics.
Jet modification in absence of QGP-medium: the role of multiparton interactions and color reconnection*
Authors: Das Prottoy , Modak Abhi , Banerjee Debjani , Biswas Rathijit , Das Supriya , Ghosh Sanjay K. , Raha Sibaji , Prasad Sidharth Kumar
Published: November 2023

Recent studies on high-multiplicity events in small collision systems (proton-proton and proton-lead) have drawn considerable research interest toward the possibility of the formation of partonic medium in such systems. One of the important consequences of the formation of dense partonic medium is the quenching of high-momentum final-state particles, resulting in several experimental observations such as suppression in nuclear modification factor

, modification of jet shape observable

and jet fragmentation (

) distributions, etc. In this work, we study

and

for inclusive charged-particle jets in proton-proton (pp) collisions at

= 13 TeV using the PYTHIA 8 Monash 2013 Monte Carlo simulation. We show that the color reconnection (CR) and multiparton interaction (MPI) mechanisms in PYTHIA 8 can lead to an increased rate of jet production. We also find that the mechanisms of MPI and CR and change in the gluonic contribution in high-multiplicity events result in significant modification of

and

compared to those in minimum bias events for 10

20 GeV/c. We notice a direct connection of

and gluonic contribution with the amount of modification in

: the larger the number of MPIs and/or gluonic contribution, the larger the amount of modification of

.
A Hierarchical Method for Locating the Interferometric Fringes of Celestial Sources in the Visibility Data
Authors: Ma Rong , Yan Ruiqing , Cui Hanshuai , Cheng Xiaochun , Li Jixia , Wu Fengquan , Yin Zongyao , Wang Hao , Zeng Wenyi , Yu Xianchuan
Published: November 2023

In source detection in the Tianlai project, locating the interferometric fringe in visibility data accurately will influence downstream tasks drastically, such as physical parameter estimation and weak source exploration. Considering that traditional locating methods are time-consuming and supervised methods require a great quantity of expensive labeled data, in this paper, we first investigate characteristics of interferometric fringes in the simulation and real scenario separately, and integrate an almost parameter-free unsupervised clustering method and seeding filling or eraser algorithm to propose a hierarchical plug and play method to improve location accuracy. Then, we apply our method to locate single and multiple sources’ interferometric fringes in simulation data. Next, we apply our method to real data taken from the Tianlai radio telescope array. Finally, we compare with unsupervised methods that are state of the art. These results show that our method has robustness in different scenarios and can improve location measurement accuracy effectively.
Low Surface Brightness Galaxies Selected by Different Model Fitting
Authors: Zhang Bing-Qing , Wu Hong , Du Wei , Zhao Pin-Song , He Min , Lei Feng-Jie
Published: November 2023

We present a study of low surface brightness galaxies (LSBGs) selected by fitting the images for all the galaxies in α.40 SDSS DR7 sample with two kinds of single-component models and two kinds of two-component models (disk+bulge): single exponential, single sérsic, exponential+deVaucular (exp+deV), and exponential+sérsic (exp+ser). Under the criteria of the B band disk central surface brightness

μ

0
,
disk

(
B
)
≥
22.5

mag

arcsec

−
2

and the axis ratio b/a > 0.3, we selected four none-edge-on LSBG samples from each of the models which contain 1105, 1038, 207, and 75 galaxies, respectively. There are 756 galaxies in common between LSBGs selected by exponential and sérsic models, corresponding to 68.42% of LSBGs selected by the exponential model and 72.83% of LSBGs selected by the sérsic model, the rest of the discrepancy is due to the difference in obtaining μ
0 between the exponential and sérsic models. Based on the fitting, in the range of 0.5 ≤ n ≤ 1.5, the relation of μ
0 from two models can be written as

μ

0
,
s

e

́

rsic

−

μ

0
,
exp

=
−
1.34
(
n
−
1
)

. The LSBGs selected by disk+bulge models (LSBG_2comps) are more massive than LSBGs selected by single-component models (LSBG_1comp), and also show a larger disk component. Though the bulges in the majority of our LSBG_2comps are not prominent, more than 60% of our LSBG_2comps will not be selected if we adopt a single-component model only. We also identified 31 giant low surface brightness galaxies (gLSBGs) from LSBG_2comps. They are located at the same region in the color–magnitude diagram as other gLSBGs. After we compared different criteria of gLSBGs selection, we find that for gas-rich LSBGs, M
⋆ > 1010
M
⊙ is the best to distinguish between gLSBGs and normal LSBGs with bulge.
Almost free of calibration for SSVEP-based brain-computer interfaces
Authors: Luo Ruixin , Xiao Xiaolin , Chen Enze , Meng Lin , Jung Tzyy-Ping , Xu Minpeng , Ming Dong
Published: November 2023

Objective. Steady-state visual evoked potential (SSVEP)-based brain-computer interface (BCI) is a promising technology that can achieve high information transfer rate (ITR) with supervised algorithms such as ensemble task-related component analysis (eTRCA) and task-discriminant component analysis (TDCA). However, training individual models requires a tedious and time-consuming calibration process, which hinders the real-life use of SSVEP-BCIs. A recent data augmentation method, called source aliasing matrix estimation (SAME), can generate new EEG samples from a few calibration trials. But SAME does not exploit the information across stimuli as well as only reduces the number of calibration trials per command, so it still has some limitations. Approach. This study proposes an extended version of SAME, called multi-stimulus SAME (msSAME), which exploits the similarity of the aliasing matrix across frequencies to enhance the performance of SSVEP-BCI with insufficient calibration trials. We also propose a semi-supervised approach based on msSAME that can further reduce the number of SSVEP frequencies needed for calibration. We evaluate our method on two public datasets, Benchmark and BETA, and an online experiment. Main results. The results show that msSAME outperforms SAME for both eTRCA and TDCA on the public datasets. Moreover, the semi-supervised msSAME-based method achieves comparable performance to the fully calibrated methods and outperforms the conventional free-calibrated methods. Remarkably, our method only needs 24 s to calibrate 40 targets in the online experiment and achieves an average ITR of 213.8 bits min−1 with a peak of 242.6 bits min−1. Significance. This study significantly reduces the calibration effort for individual SSVEP-BCIs, which is beneficial for developing practical plug-and-play SSVEP-BCIs.
Effect of Azo Dye on Electro-Optic and Optical Band Gap Characteristics in ZnO Nanoparticles Induced Vertically Aligned Liquid Crystal Cells
Authors: Jaggi Chinky , Kumar Pankaj , Malik Parul
Published: November 2023

Alignment of liquid crystal (LC) molecules in vertical direction is the most promising and interesting aspect for display devices in view of scientific and technological growth. Moreover, in accordance with the photovoltaic device applications, liquid crystals (LCs) show numerous applications. In the present work, the impact of dye as dopant with appropriate amount, over the electro-optic (E-O) and band gap properties as well as phase behaviour of vertically aligned liquid crystals (VALCs) has been studied and discussed. Initially, zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles (NPs) were mixed to induce the vertical alignment (VA) in confined cell. Then, to prepare the dye doped LC sample, 0.125% of azo dye as dopant was uniformly mixed in the host sample. The results showed enhanced E-O characteristics with reduction in optical band gap as calculated using UV Visible study in 0.125% dye doped cell as compared to host sample cell.
Rheological and tribological behaviour of nanofluids: an experimental evaluation
Authors: Thapliyal Prashant , Kumar Ajay , Thakre G D
Published: November 2023

Commercially available synthetic engine oils of SAE grades 5W40 were taken as base fluids for preparing nano fluids by blending 0.1% and 0.2% concentration by weight of the functionalized Cu and MoS2 nanoparticles in them. The base fluids and their blends were characterized using standard ASTM and IS testing methods for their physicochemical and tribo performance behaviours. The rheological studies were performed on a Rheometer while the tribological investigations were performed on tribo-tester. The study reveal that a small improvement in anti- friction behaviour of about 6% and 4% reported for the 0.2 wt% of Cu and MoS2 nanoparticles respectively in the tested lubricants indicate that finished products have little scope to improve anti-friction properties under the influence of already present additives, however anti-wear properties showed significant enhancement up to 20% for 0.2% MoS2 and up to 15% for 0.2% nano-Cu indicating better anti-wear properties of MoS2 and Cu nanoparticle blends. Rheological studies reveal that blending of nanoparticles has marginal influence on the rheological behaviour of the lubricants. The lubricants show shear thinning behaviour at low shear rates. However at higher shear rates, lubricants behave as Newtonian fluids.
Role of heat treatment on nickel oxide nanoparticles: energy band gap and their effectiveness as antibacterial agents
Authors: Deotale A J , Singh U , Rattawa K , Shukla D , Gome A
Published: November 2023

This paper discusses the critical role of thermal effect on the crystalline size, phase and energy band gap of nickel oxide nanoparticles synthesized utilizing the ASH SUPPORTED technique. These nanoparticles were baked from 300°C to 900°C. The phase of nickel oxide nanoparticles with isochronal annealing has been identified through structural characterization utilising X-ray diffraction of each sample. It was observed that nickel oxide nanoparticles have an average crystallographic size of about 26.2 nm. The pure phase of nickel oxide nanoparticles was obtained at 900°C, which was also supported by Raman spectra. Vibrational characteristics demonstrate the increase in intensity with temperature due to the improvement in the grain size. UV-Visible spectroscopy determines the direct variation of the band gap in the region of 2.14 eV - 3.37eV with varying crystallite size due to alteration in annealing temperature or may be due to surface & interface effect. It also exhibits excellent antibacterial activity against enteropathogenic bacteria Salmonella Sp, which shows zone of inhibition diameter of 10mm.
Effects of Reduced Graphene Oxide on Structural, Morphological, and Contact Angle Measurements of Poly (Vinyl Alcohol)/Polyvinyl Pyrrolidone Nanofibers
Authors: Yadav Shweta , Lakshun Naidu K
Published: November 2023

Polymer blend nanofibers are attracting considerable attention due to their wide applications in energy storage, water purification, drug delivery, and wettability studies. To date, research on poly (vinyl alcohol)/polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVA/PVP) embedded with graphene-related materials like graphene oxide or reduced graphene oxide(rGO) are synthesized from solution mixing and casting into film, with limited efforts on developing polymer blend nanofibrous films. The present study focuses on developing the PVA/PVP blend nanofibrous film embedded with rGO using the electrospinning technique. The X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Field Emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), and contact angle measurements are used to investigate the structural, morphological, and wettability of the synthesized nanofibrous film. The rGO is synthesized by the improved Hummer’s method. The study provides insights into the tuning of the contact angles by modifying the morphology of nanofibers. The as-synthesized nanofibers have a diameter of about 150-250 nm and with the increase in rGO weight percentage show a drastic change in contact angle from 64° to 35.2°. These results highlight the modification of the wettability properties of blend nanofiber films by embedding rGO.
Dielectric behaviour and dipole moment of binary mixtures containing certain amides in benzene
Authors: Bagade Sanjay H
Published: November 2023

Certain polar amides(v) are dissolved in benzene, a nonpolar solvent(u) to prepare binary mixtures with different composition of the amides like acetanilide, N-N-dimethyl acetamide, N-methyl acetamide, acetamide and formamide. Static relative permittivity ɛ0uv
, high frequency permittivity ɛ
∞uv
for different weight fraction of polar solute at 30°C are determined. The dielectric behaviour of binary mixtures are investigated under electric field of low frequency by using the Debye model for polar liquids. Static dipole moment µs
, dipole moment µv
from conductivity measurements and µ
t
from bond angle and bond moment measurements are computed. The dipole moments are consequence of attractive interaction between the adjacent molecules in binary mixture due to variation of electron densities. Hydrogen bonding, associated charge distribution among the constituent molecules, changes in bond angle values are some of the factors that give rise to dipole moment of binary mixtures. Nearly equal and close values of µs
, µv
and µt
proves the correctness of dielectric behaviour studies of amides- benzene binary mixtures.
Impedance Spectroscopy of Binary Mixtures of Dimethyl Silicone Fluid and Methyl Iso Butyl Ketone
Authors: Shah K N , Rana V A
Published: November 2023

A precision LCR metre was used to measure the parallel resistance (RP) and parallel capacitance (CP) of a capacitive cell filled with samples of binary mixes of methyl isobutyl ketone (MIBK) and dimethyl silicone fluid (DMSF), over the frequency range of 100 Hz to 2 MHz, at a temperature of 303.15 K. Using RP and CP, complex impedance Z*(ω) was computed. A four-element equivalent circuit model was used to fit the complex impedance data. The fitting provided the values of various circuit elements representing various electrical processes occurring in the capacitive measurement cell under the influence of an applied ac field. The Bode plot presentation of the complex impedance data confirmed the values of various circuit elements determined using the fitting process. Complex impedance formalism supports the observation of the electronic double-layer capacitance (EDLC) phenomena and ionic conduction relaxation phenomena.
TCAD Simulation of X-ray irradiated Si microstrip detector : Impact on full depletion voltage and leakage current
Authors: Saini Nitu , Srivastava Ajay K.
Published: November 2023

In the intense x-ray radiation environment at synchrotron sources, it is reported that the performance of the silicon pixel detectors degrades with an increasing x-ray dose up to 10 MGy. To study the impact of x-ray irradiation effects in the n-Fz Si microstrip detector, the microscopic radiation damage parameters of x-ray radiation were extracted from the current–voltage, and capacitance-voltage experiments on test Si microstrip detector. The damage parameters are implemented in Synopsys TCAD. In this paper, we have irradiated the test structure up to 10 MGy, and the results on full depletion voltage, and leakage current are compared with the TCAD simulation results. A very good agreement in between experimental and simulation results is observed in the leakage current for the non-irradiated, and 1 MGy irradiated detectors, where for high doses up to 10 MGy, experimental leakage current was fifty times higher than the simulated leakage current at full depletion voltage. The full depletion voltage in 0 MGy detector is also well matched with the simulation result, and further, it shows the full depletion voltage performance of x-ray irradiated detector. Finally, the new detector design specifications and process parameters are proposed for the optimum performance of the radiation hard p+n Si pixel detector equipped with guard rigs at cut edge for the next generation photon science applications.
Characteristics of thin p-MCz Si Microstrip Detector Irradiated upto a mixed fluence of 1017neq./cm2for the FCC
Authors: ShilpaPatyal  , Srivastava Ajay K.
Published: November 2023

Silicon microstrip detectors can be used for the precise particle tracking in the inner tracking region of the detector used in the future high luminosity collider experiment. In the future experiments, hadron collider provides higher luminosities on the strip detector, and therefore, a detector requires very high radiation hardness. Within CERNRD50collaboration, MCz Si is identified as a prime radiation hard material for the fabrication of the p-Si microstrip detector. In this paper, we have used the experimentally verified four level deep-trap mixed irradiation model for p-MCz Si to investigate the effect of heavy irradiations up to a mixed fluence of 1017n eq./cm2 on the full depletion voltage, leakage current, and charge collection efficiency using SRH and CCE modelling.

The changes in the characteristics were evaluated, and effect of the traps on the macroscopic performance of the detectors and possible improvement in the design and semiconductor technology of the p-Mcz silicon microstrip detector.
The Effect of Interconnecting Ribbons in External Resistance of Crystalline Silicon Photovoltaic Modules
Authors: Roy Subinoy , Padhi Sankhipta
Published: November 2023

The interconnecting ribbons in commercial crystalline silicon (c-Si) photovoltaic (PV) modules significantly contribute to the external resistance of the modules. This external resistance plays a major role in resistive losses in the modules and thus measures should be taken in minimization of such resistances. A wider ribbon cause blockage for the incoming light in the solar cells. In addition, the selection of wrong ribbon configuration essentially leads to breakage in fingers which further enhances resistive losses in the modules. In this paper, an analytical approach using a resistive network model has been proposed which effectively describes the effect of ribbon dimension on the blockage area as well as external resistance of the modules. The model has been useful to understand the resistive effect in the PV modules in a quantitative manner. The results show that the number of busbars and the width of the busbars in a solar cell play a significant role in choosing the right ribbon configuration. The proposed approach is useful to understand the optimum ribbon configuration in newly manufactured c-Si PV modules.
Spin Atomic Model: Role of Electron Spin in forming Atoms and Molecules
Authors: Jadhav Ghanshyam
Published: November 2023

This paper recounts the history of atomic models and their limitations in brief. The role of spin motion of paired electrons in building the atoms is a subject of the discussion. The opposite spin velocity of paired electrons in an atom should reduce the repulsion between them. Hence, by adjusting their opposite spin velocity, the force of repulsion between the paired electrons and the force of attraction between the nucleus and the individual electrons in that pair can be balanced without revolving the electrons in orbits. In this way a pair of electrons can maintain their particular distance from the nucleus in atom with adjusting their spin motions. This arrangement easily supports the atoms to build the different molecules, compounds and solid materials. This atomic model may be referred as spin atomic model which should be the fact.
Providing standardized soil profile data for greater noida region
Authors: Singh A , Kashyap R , Sarower S , Siddiquee S , Kaur T
Published: November 2023

Soil science research relies on reliable information about soil and other characteristics obtained through examination and description of the soil in the field. A good soil description can also prevent errors in soil sampling. Our team conducted field and laboratory investigations to assess the soil’s properties and determine its characteristics. Based on our findings, we were able to evaluate the soil parameters and determine the appropriate design specifications for a safe and stable structure. This report will include the methodology of investigation, field, and laboratory test results, recommendations, and a suitable type of foundation.
Remediation Techniques Used for Removal of Fluoride from Groundwater: A Concise Review
Authors: Kashyap Pooja , Kaushal Jyotsna , Rani Lata
Published: November 2023

Due to the increase in industrialization, climate change, and urbanization, the quality of drinking water is declining day by day. Fluoride levels in drinking water have seen a remarkable increase in several places across the world in the last decade. The accumulation of fluoride in an aqueous environment is caused by both natural as well as anthropogenic sources. The main concern regarding fluoride contamination is dental and bones related issues. According to WHO guidelines, the permissible limit of fluoride in drinking water is 1.5 mg/L. Fluoride contamination causes a detrimental effect on the health of the people. This article highlights the distribution of fluoride in India, as well as the many routes by which it enters the human body and probable fluoride metabolism inside the body. The numerous strategies used to remediate fluoride from water, like precipitation/coagulation, ion exchange, membrane separation, electro-separation, and adsorption are elaborated. Amongst these techniques, adsorption is one of the best-optimized techniques involving sustainable materials like biochars, which are cost-effective, highly efficient, and environmentally friendly adsorbents.
3D printed cortical bone mimic-material for medical physics
Authors: Cardoso Lima Luis Felipe , Cardona Romani Eric , Lima Bourguignon Felipe , Nachez Juan Lucas , Santos Batista Delano Valdivino , dos Anjos Marcelino José , da Cruz Ferreira Gabriel , Costa Oliveira Catherine , Vasconcellos de Sá Lidia , Lopes Ricardo Tadeu
Published: November 2023

Treatment and diagnosis in Nuclear Medicine and Radiotherapy
require simulators able to mimic the human body to pre-assess the
radiation behavior of new techniques and
radiopharmaceuticals. Development of such simulators requires
materials to behave similarly to the body tissues and with more real
shapes to obtain more reliable results. XCT-A and XCT-B are new 3D
printing materials that simulate cortical bone behavior. CT results
confirm bone-like attenuation. X-ray fluorescence reveals the
preeminent presence of Barium, Calcium, and Sulfur, and Raman
spectral lines are similar to ABS material.
Variable stiffness soft robotic gripper: design, development, and prospects
Authors: Shan Yu , Zhao Yanzhi , Wang Haobo , Dong Liming , Pei Changlei , Jin Zhaopeng , Sun Yue , Liu Tao
Published: November 2023

The advent of variable stiffness soft robotic grippers furnishes a conduit for exploration and manipulation within uncharted, non-structured environments. The paper provides a comprehensive review of the necessary technologies for the configuration design of soft robotic grippers with variable stiffness, serving as a reference for innovative gripper design. The design of variable stiffness soft robotic grippers typically encompasses the design of soft robotic grippers and variable stiffness modules. To adapt to unfamiliar environments and grasp unknown objects, a categorization and discussion have been undertaken based on the contact and motion manifestations between the gripper and the things across various dimensions: points contact, lines contact, surfaces contact, and full-bodies contact, elucidating the advantages and characteristics of each gripping type. Furthermore, when designing soft robotic grippers, we must consider the effectiveness of object grasping methods but also the applicability of the actuation in the target environment. The actuation is the propelling force behind the gripping motion, holding utmost significance in shaping the structure of the gripper. Given the challenge of matching the actuation of robotic grippers with the target scenario, we reviewed the actuation of soft robotic grippers. We analyzed the strengths and limitations of various soft actuation, providing insights into the actuation design for soft robotic grippers. As a crucial technique for variable stiffness soft robotic grippers, variable stiffness technology can effectively address issues such as poor load-bearing capacity and instability caused by the softness of materials. Through a retrospective analysis of variable stiffness theory, we comprehensively introduce the development of variable stiffness theory in soft robotic grippers and showcase the application of variable stiffness grasping technology through specific case studies. Finally, we discuss the future prospects of variable stiffness grasping robots from several perspectives of applications and technologies.
Energy, Passivity, and Morphological Capacities
Authors: Borja Pablo , Santina Cosimo Della , Dabiri Azita
Published: November 2023

The morphology of a system may be exploited to reduce the controller workload or to perform specific tasks, e.g., locomotion processes. However, understanding and characterizing these capacities in terms of physical quantities remains an open problem. In this paper, we pose the question: are energy and dissipation useful physical quantities to characterize morphological capacities? First, to illustrate the relevance of this question, we present some basic concepts of passivity theory that are useful for carrying out an energy-based analysis of the behavior of dynamical systems. Then, we analyze the behavior of a mechanical system, and we show how its morphology affects its energy. Finally, we present a detailed analysis of a passive walker and explain how its locomotion capacities can be interpreted in terms of energy.
How Do We Trust Our Robots?
Authors: Sirithunge Chapa , Dahn Nikolas
Published: November 2023

Trust plays the most important role in accepting social robots in our communities, especially in an era where robots take part in daily activities in close distance with humans. While some communities accept the presence of robots in their surrounding, others are less open to them. Furthermore, this acceptance depends on a large number of factors which are specific to the communities as well as the deployed robots. We conducted a survey to explore the aspects which people would consider if they had an option to deploy a robot at home and assign responsibilities to it. The study will help direct future researches on embodied intelligence in robots towards a more human-accepted level. The paper presents a human study conducted to evaluate the trust between humans and robots. We present the feedback we received from the participants to assess the level of trust participants have on their robots and their personal preferences upon the abilities of robots. Human responses and their decisions observed during the study are analyzed and critical observations are highlighted. From the analysis we derive a set of guidelines to improve human trust in future robots by adjusting their humanlike social behaviors.