bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Morality and religion in the assessment of academic youth from Subcarpathia Province in Poland
Authors: Skiba Rafal
Published: June 2019

What is good and evil? This is probably one of the most frequently asked questions in the history of human kind. Moral decisions can be very hard in particularly when people are just starting their adventure with an adult life, that is, in their early 20’s. This report shows the moral condition of academic youth from one of the most religious regions in Poland. Therefore, the focus of this study was to show the relationship between religion and morality of young Poles. This article presents the results of a survey study conducted among 139 students of the University of Rzeszow attending the 2006/2007 academic year. The results showed that the morality of surveyed students seems to depend in a high degree on circumstances of situations (i.e., moderate moral relativism) rather than absolute norms. Moreover, the comparison of the results of this study with previous questionnaire research conducted at the same institution in mid-90’s show that religion has smaller impact on moral choices of academic youth from Subcarpathia province. Importantly, this study shows that more students reported overall weaker role of religion in their lives than it was observed previously.
Improving community participation in the prevention and treatment of tuberculosis in Sentajo Raya, Kuantan Singingi Regency
Authors: Endriani Rita , Nazriati Elda , Sembiring Ligat Pribadi
Published: June 2019

The purpose of community service was to increase community participation in the prevention and treatment of tuberculosis (TB) through training of health cadres and the establishment of village TB posts in the working area of Sentajo Raya health centre. The activity method in the form of TB cadre training, the establishment of a Village TB Post and monitoring evaluation. The results of this activity were 30 people who had received training and were appointed as TB cadres. All TB cadres get TB module books, cadre pocketbooks and certificates. TB cadres must be able to play a role in the prevention and treatment of TB in their respective villages. The establishment of the first village TB post in the working area of Sentajo Raya Health Center was Pulau Kopung Sentajo Village. In the monitoring and evaluation activities of Pulau Kopung village Sentajo, a village TB post was formed in the "Village Population Activity Corner". Discussions with cadres and village heads were conducted to find out the problems faced, and there were activity books for cadres, PMO cards, and Banner TB for village TB posts. This activity can be carried out well and has the full support of the government and the community. They hope that this current activity and collaboration can be continued.
Hemodynamic changes during orotracheal intubation using Airtraq video laryngoscope and direct laryngoscope: A randomized comparative study
Authors: Upadhyaya Sarobar , Pathak Laxmi
Published: June 2019

Introduction: Direct laryngoscopy is associated with sympathetic stimulation and altered hemodynamics. A long intubation time may result in a greater in stress response. Alternative techniques using video laryngoscopes have been developed that do not require direct vocal cord visualization and may decrease the hemodynamic response. This study aimed to compare the difference between hemodynamic changes and intubation time with Airtraq video laryngoscope and conventionl Macintosh direct laryngoscope.

Methods: A prospective randomized comparative study was conducted involving 100 adult patients who were undergoing elective surgeries under general anesthesia and endotracheal intubation. The patients were randomly assigned to group V (Video laryngoscope) or group D (Direct laryngoscope). In addition to the baseline vitals and vitals at various time intervals, intubation time was also recorded. We considered a difference in Heart Rate and Mean Arterial pressure of 20% to be clinically significant and statistical significance was p-value <0.05.

Results: Significant difference was found in heart rates immediately after laryngoscopy (110.40 vs. 105.02 beats/minute; p<0.01) and 1 minute after intubation (109.30 vs. 106.20 beats/minute; p<0.01) with attenuation seen in video laryngoscopy group. Blood pressures were similar in both the groups at all times. Time for intubation was prolonged in video laryngoscopy group than that for direct laryngoscopy group (26.54 vs. 22.80 seconds; p<0.05). There were no adverse events associated with either of the techniques. 

Conclusions: The Airtraq video laryngoscopy resulted in lesser change in heart rate and longer intubation time. However, clinical impact of such a difference seemed to be insignificant.
Hegel and Rancière on the Transformation of Self-Conceptions and the Achievement of Freedom and Self-Sufficiency
Authors: Enciso Stephen W
Published: June 2019

Freedom and self-sufficiency are central human concerns, but what do these terms mean and how are they related to social justice? In this article, I look at two distinct understandings of these terms. For both Hegel and Rancière, freedom and self-sufficiency consist in the transformation of self-conceptions, but for Hegel the identification with the product of one’s labour is essential, whereas for Rancière it is not. Further, freedom and self-sufficiency for Hegel are permanent achievements, whereas for Rancière they are processes that must continually be put into practice. The implications of this difference have to do with social recognition: are individuals and identity-groups ‘finally’ free when they are assimilated into the social order, or must they always fight to be recognised? Rancière takes the latter perspective and I end by noting the political importance of his cynicism towards moments of social recognition and reconciliation.

 

To cite this paper please use the following details: Enciso, S.W. (2019), 'Hegel and Rancière on the Transformation of Self-Conceptions and the Achievement of Freedom and Self-Sufficiency', Reinvention: an International Journal of Undergraduate Research, Volume 12, Issue 1, https://reinventionjournal.org/article/view/436. Date accessed [insert date]. If you cite this article or use it in any teaching or other related activities please let us know by e-mailing us at Reinventionjournal@warwick.ac.uk.
Composition and anti-Inflammatory effect of the common myrtle (Myrtus communisL.) essential oil growing wild in Algeria
Authors: Touaibia M.
Published: June 2019

This study was designed to evaluate the chemical composition and anti-inflammatory activity of the common myrtle (Myrtus communisL.) essential oil. The composition ofMyrtus communisL. essential oil, extracted by steam distillation, was characterized by a high fraction (80.9%) of oxygenated monoterpenes. The major components were myrtenyl acetate (38.7%), eucalyptol (12.7%), α-pinene (13.7%), and linalool (7.00%). The chemical profile of this essential oil allows us to classify it as myrtényle acétate/α- pinène chemotype, but with atypical proportions, related to the harvesting area. In the carrageenan-induced paw edema, five different groups were established and the essential oil was administered orally in three different doses. The common myrtle essential oil (100 mg/kg) was able to reduce the paw edema, with a comparable effect to that observed with diclofenac (positive control). This is the first report to demonstrate a significant anti-inflammatory activity of Algerian common myrtle essential oil.
Minerals of the Pb-As-Sb-S и Cu-Pb-As-Sb-S systems in the ores of berezitovoe gold-polymetallic deposit (Upper Amur region, Russia)
Authors: Vakh A. S. , Avchenko O. V. , Gvozdev V. I. , Goryachev N. A. , Karabtsov А. А. , Vakh E. A.
Published: June 2019

Composition and genesis of arsenium-antimony sulfosalts of lead from the gold-bearing ores of the Berezitovoe deposit located in the eastern part of Mongol-Okhotsk orogenic belt (Upper Amur Area) were considered. Lead sulfosalts (Cu and Pb) are presented by tsugaruite, dufrenoysite, boulangerite, menehinite, bismuthic menehinite (with Bi up to 11.5 mass%), as well as minerals of jordanite-geocronite and bournonite-seligmannite series. The studies have revealed basic features of the lead sulfosalts relationship with ore and silicate minerals in different mineral association of vain ores and regularities in their composition variations. It was found that the composite arsenium-antimony sulfosalts form quasicontinuous series of solid compounds strongly differing from each other by the rate of semimetals as well as semimetals-Pb ratio in their composition.

The suggestion has been made that the main typomorphic features of composition of the arsenium-antimony sulfosalts of lead from ores of the Berezitovoe deposit were determined by the specific processes of partial melting of sulfides under the high temperature metamorphism of primary polymetallic ores.
STUDI PERBAIKAN JATUH TEGANGAN DAN RUGI-RUGI DAYA PADA PENYULANG GTC (GLOBAL TRADE CENTRE) MAKASSAR
Authors: Bini Thalib , L Ruslan , Bakhtiar Azalia , Syahyani Saidah
Published: June 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui besar jatuh tegangan dan rugi-rugi daya pada penyulang GTC dan upaya  perbaikan jatuh tegangan dan rugi-rugi daya. Data yang didapatkan  diolah dan dihitung secara manual (Excel) dan disimulasikan menggunakan Software ETAP Powerstation 4.0.0. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan jatuh tegangan terjadi pada 3 buah gardu yang paling jauh dari titik beban yaitu GT.BGC031 625,68 V atau  3,128 %, BGTC_03 sebesar  623,92 V atau 3,120 %, dan yang terbesar GB.UJBH 626,93 V atau 3,135 %.  Rugi-rugi daya pada GT.BGC031  adalah 118001,50 Watt atau sebesar 1,983 %; BGTC_03 sebesar 117975,32 Watt atau 1,982 % dan rugi-rugi daya terbesar terjadi pada gardu GB.UJBH sebesar 118059,73 Watt atau 1,984 %. Dengan melakukan pergantian penghantar kawat AAAC menjadi 240 mm2 dan kabel XLPE menjadi 300 mm2, maka jatuh tegangan untuk gardu BGTC_03 berkurang hingga 193 V, gardu GT.BGC031 berkurang 193,47 V, gardu GB.UJBH berkurang 193,8 V. Rugi-rugi daya pada gardu BGTC_03 berkurang hingga 52400,88 W, gardu GT.BGC031 berkurang 52410,79 Watt, gardu GB.UJBH berkurang 52432,82 Watt.
Propiedades psicométricas de un Cuestionario de Trolling en una muestra argentina
Authors: Resett Santiago , Gonzalez Caino Pablo
Published: June 2019

Trolling is a behavior of great psychosocial relevance. However, there are no studies in Argentina that have examined the properties of instruments to evaluate it. The objective of the present work was to observe the properties of the Buckels, Trapnell, & Paulhus’s Trolling Questionnaire (2014). Two samples were constituted, one of 437 subjects and other of 532 participants, both samples from Autonomous City of Buenos Aires and Greater Buenos Aires. An exploratory factorial analysis –using the first sample- and a confirmatory –using the second one- indicated a unifactorial structure and measurement invariance. Internal consistency was adequate: Cronbach's alpha = .74, and a composite reliability of .81. Concurrent validity of the Trolling Questionnaire was observed with the problematic use of new technologies and dark personality: Machiavellianism, narcissism and psychotism. In the discussion the implications of these findings.
El efecto del procedimiento de Consecuencias Diferenciales en el aprendizaje de evitación discriminada en humanos
Authors: Vila-Carranza Javier , Domínguez-Martínez Josué , Rojas-Iturria Fátima
Published: June 2019

Use of unique outcomes for each of two correct responses in a discrimination task (Differential Outcomes Procedure; DOP) in appetitive tasks has been shown to enhance learning. Use of an avoidance task would seem to rule out response-outcome associations because by the nature of an avoidance task, because correct responses and aversive outcomes never co-occur. One experiment shows the DOP effect in a discriminative avoidance task. To demonstrate the effects of the pavlovian relationship between the stimulus and the aversive event in avoidance tasks, two groups of participants were compared, one with differential outcomes (DO) and another with common outcomes (CC). Results showed a greater learning for CD group, due to the role of pavlovian relations in avoidance learning. Results suggest that fear is not a unitary state and that the fears conditioned to different events are discriminable states with stimulus properties that can guide the choices of two avoidance responses.
Clinical Profile of Filipino Patients with Epistaxis in a University Hospital
Authors: Gutierrez Therese Monique D.G. , Lerma Francisco Jesus V.
Published: June 2019

Objective: To present the demographic profile, etiology and treatment outcome of patients presenting with epistaxis in our local setting.

Methods:

          Design: Retrospective Study

          Setting: Tertiary Private University Hospital

          Participants: Records of 188 patients who presented with epistaxis at the emergency room as well as in-patient admissions and referrals due to epistaxis from January 2017 to December 2017 were reviewed.

Results:  There were a total of 188 patients who presented with epistaxis, with a male to female ratio of 2:1. Peak incidence was noted in young children aged 0-10 years old and again rising in adults above 60 years of age. The most common cause of epistaxis was noted to be trauma (56, 29.79%), followed by hypertension (41, 21.81%) and mucositis at (38, 20.21%). Conservative management were done in majority of the cases (187, 99.47%) with an overall success rate of 95.19% (178 out of 188).

Conclusions: One of the most common emergencies that people may encounter in their lifetime is epistaxis. Understanding the demographic profile, etiology, intervention and treatment outcome of patients with epistaxis is essential for the establishment of cost-effective treatment guidelines, protocols and preventive strategies. Health education remains to be a key in reducing morbidity and mortality resulting from epistaxis.

Keywords: epistaxis; etiology, demographics, treatment, treatment outcome
Levothyroxine versus Levothyroxine with Iodine in Reduction of Thyroid Nodule Volume: A Double-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Segocio Donnie Jan D. , Cachuela Joseph E.
Published: June 2019

Objective: To compare levothyroxine alone and in combination with iodine on thyroid nodule volume reduction.

Methods:

          Design:           Double-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial

          Setting:           Tertiary Government Hospital

          Participants: Nineteen (19) euthyroid patients age 19­-54 with at least 1 cytologically benign thyroid nodule were randomized to receive either levothyroxine + iodine or levothyroxine + placebo, taken once a day for 6 months with ultrasound and thyroid stimulating hormone monitoring on the 3rd and 6th month of intervention.

Results: Main outcome measures included thyroid nodule volume reduction after six months of intervention. The mean change in volume from baseline to six months of levothyroxine + iodine group showed no statistically significant difference in nodule volume across time between  levothyroxine + placebo group, -0.010 ± 1.250 (CI -0.521 - 0.501) versus 0.507 ± 1.128 (CI 0.025 - 0.990), p=.158.  There were also new nodules (4 nodules) in the placebo group and none in the iodine group. No major adverse events were noted during the study.

Conclusion: The two groups did not significantly differ in terms of nodule volume reduction.

Keywords: thyroid nodule, prevention and control; drug therapy; iodine compounds, therapeutic use; levothyroxine, therapeutic use
Assessment of the Volume of State Funding for the Development of Biomedicine in Russia and in the USA
Authors: Petrov A. N. , Kurakova N. G.
Published: June 2019

This article demonstrates that Russias funding for research and development is less than 2.5 % of global funding, whereas the amount of financing of just three countries, the USA, China, and Japan amounts to 50%. It is argued that the inadequacy of Russias domestic financing for the development of the science sector vis a vis that of developed countries allows the country to prioritize only a limited number of research fields in its scientific and technological development. We have compared and contrasted expenditures on research and development in biomedicine in the USA and Russia. It has been demonstrated that in 2014, basic funding for 27 research centers included in the US National Health Institutes network exceeded the amount of financing for 104 Russian medical scientific and research institutes subordinated to the Russian Ministry of Health and Federal Agency of Scientific Organizations by 173 times. We have concluded that a substantial increase in state funding for fundamental, exploratory, and applied research in the field of biomedicine is required if life sciences are to be preserved as one of the priorities in the scientific-technological and social development of Russia. It is also necessary to eliminate all administrative and tax barriers that prevent active participation of domestic industrial entities in the co-financing of the development of Russian drugs and medical equipment.
Cancer Stem Cells: Plasticity Works against Therapy
Authors: Vinogradova T. V. , Chernov I. P. , Monastyrskaya G. S. , Kondratyeva L. G. , Sverdlov E. D.
Published: June 2019

Great successes in identification and deciphering of mechanisms of the adult stem cells regulation have given rise to the idea that stem cells can also function in tumors as central elements of their development, starting from the initial stage and continuing until metastasis. Such cells were called cancer stem cells (CSCs). Over the course of intense discussion, the CSCs hypothesis gradually began to be perceived as an obvious fact. Recently, the existence of CSCs has been indeed confirmed in a number of works. However, when are CSCs universal prerequisites of tumors and to what extent their role is essential for tumor evolution remains an issue far from resolved. Likewise, the problem of potential use of CSCs as therapeutic targets remains unsolved. The present review attempts to analyze the issue of cancer stem cells and the potential of targeting them in tumor therapy.
Modifiers of the Dipole Potential of Lipid Bilayers
Authors: Efimova S. S. , Ostroumova O. S.
Published: June 2019

This paper assesses the magnitude of change in the dipole potential (d) of membranes caused by the adsorption of modifiers on lipid bilayers of various compositions. We tested flavonoids, muscle relaxants, thyroid hormones, and xanthene and styrylpyridinium dyes in order to assess their dipole-modifying properties. A quantitative description of the modifying action of flavonoids, muscle relaxants, thyroid hormones, and xanthene dyes is shown as the ratio of the maximum change in the bilayer dipole potential upon saturation and the absolute d value of the unmodified membrane. The slopes of the linear relationship between the increase in the dipole potential of phospholipid bilayers and the concentration of styrylpyridinium dyes in membrane-bathing solutions were found. We described the relationships between the change in d and the chemical structure of modifiers, as well as the charge and spontaneous curvature of lipid monolayers.
The Academic Society Journal no Brasil e sua primeira edição online
Authors: Leão Tarcisio F , Drigo Evandro
Published: June 2019

Em julho de 2012, foi criada a The Academic Society, TAS, uma inciativa acadêmica que visava à promoção e divulgação das produções científicas e acadêmicas no mundo. Uma sociedade livre e sem fins lucrativos, que além de congregar as iniciativas científicas e acadêmicas também conta com uma iniciativa editorial, o The Academic Society Journal, TASJ, uma publicação gratuita para autores e de livre acesso para a sociedade. O idioma inglês, escolhido como o oficial, foi uma decisão estratégica para alcançar o maior número de países membro da TAS. Sua estrutura possui um secretário geral e um secretário para cada país membro. Inicialmente foram dois países: Brasil e Chile. O símbolo da TAS, muito ligado à cidade de São Paulo e ao Brasil, representa o riacho do Ipiranga, um sinal de independência da sociedade na divulgação das pesquisas acadêmicas e no congressamento dos pesquisadores. No primeiro encontro da sociedade, realizado em São Paulo, os secretários definiram as diretrizes da sociedade, bem como, os prêmios que seriam outorgados naquele ano, sete no total. “The present act solemnly announces and establishes the foundation of “The Academic Society” for the promotion of Science as independent policy research entity that conducts multidisciplinary studies of complex and emerging problems.”, foram as palavras do texto de fundação. Em 2013, falece o secretário-Chile, Pedro Ivo Teixeira de Carvalho Antunes, um grande amigo. Além da grande perda pessoal, houve uma desarticulação internacional, uma das bases da TAS. Após 4 anos de inatividade, mas com um desejo latente de dar forma aos objetivos da TAS, o número 1 do TASJ inaugura uma nova fase da sociedade. Mantendo o espírito de internacionalização, mas adequando à nova fase, opta por oficializar o português como língua principal de suas publicações. Mantendo a tradição iniciada em 2012, cria o Prêmio “Pedro Ivo Teixeira de Carvalho Antunes” para a mais relevante contribuição ao desenvolvimento das pesquisas. O prêmio foi entregue durante o 5° Simpósio de Coração Artificial, realizado em março de 2017, no Instituto Federal de São Paulo, ao Evandro Drigo da Silva por sua valorosa contribuição no desenvolvimento de vários projetos na área de assistência circulatória.
O ousado objetivo da fundação da TAS é nossa motivação, que nos une, em esforço contínuo para a divulgação científica e acadêmica.
Estamos muito felizes e honrados em convidar: Juntem-se a nós!
Prefácio da primeira edição
Authors: Bock Eduardo G P , Hernandes Mariana M A P
Published: June 2019

É com muito orgulho que iniciamos esse editorial inaugural da revista The Academic Society Journal. Após cinco anos de tentativas, encontramos um meio de publicar os trabalhos selecionados dos alunos do Programa de Mestrado Acadêmico em Engenharia Mecânica: Materiais e Processo de Fabricação do Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia de São Paulo, IFSP.
Esperamos que a revista seja uma alternativa sadia à publicação e divulgação de materiais de pesquisa e resultados preliminares oriundos das dissertações, sem taxas de publicação e no formato open access. A proposta da revista é focar nas áreas de “Mecânica, Computação e Materiais” sem restringir os temas em demasia. Em edições futuras, esperamos que outros grupos externos à comunidade do IFSP se interessem em publicar na nossa revista.
As nossas portas estão abertas!
Simulação da resistência vascular sistêmica do simulador híbrido do sistema cardiovascular
Authors: Palma Ricardo V , Nishida Breno Y T , Hernandes Mariana M A P , Fonseca Jeison W G , Bock Eduardo G P
Published: June 2019

Este trabalho propõe o estudo da viabilidade do uso do ambiente MatLab/Simulink para auxílio no redimensionamento e validação de um dispositivo que simule a dinâmica do sistema circulatório humano. Na perspectiva de obter contribuições para o desenvolvimento do protótipo de uma válvula de controle proporcional que seja capaz de simular a dinâmica do sistema cardiovascular. Através de variações nos parâmetros do modelo objetiva-se que seja possível reproduzir diferentes condições fisiológicas dos pacientes, tais como as situações de repouso e de atividade física. Pacientes em estágio avançado de insuficiência cardíaca são candidatos a transplante do coração. Existem casos que os pacientes não se enquadram neste cenário, os doadores não são satisfatórios para suprir a demanda, seja por número insuficiente ou por incompatibilidade dos órgãos. Pesquisadores tem empreendido o uso de corações artificiais e Dispositivos de Assistência Ventricular Esquerda (DAVE), com o objetivo de estender a espera aumentando o tempo de vida de pacientes na etapa que precede o transplante. Ainda que os experimentos com animais sejam indispensáveis, algumas experiências poderiam ser realizadas com ferramentas (softwares) que possibilitem estudos simulados do sistema cardiovascular. A válvula de controle proporcional desempenha um papel fundamental no controle da vazão do fluxo sanguíneo no DAVE. Neste trabalho, são mostrados os possíveis usos da ferramenta de simulação na comparação da metodologia a ser aplicada com os resultados esperados das variáveis hemodinâmicas em níveis seguros.
Fase de Forjamento: Soldagem por Atrito Rotacional
Authors: Tchernov Daniel
Published: June 2019

A fase de forjamento no processo de soldagem por atrito rotacional é estudado em termos de cálculos analíticos e por meio de métodos numéricos matemáticos utilizando-se o método dos elementos finitos para comprovação dos efeitos esperados nesta fase do processo. Uma junta de Aço Inox 304 foi modelada por meio do Autodesk® Inventor® 2016, composta por dois corpos cilíndricos com diâmetro de 19,05 mm por 63,5 mm de comprimento. A simulação numérica foi realizada por meio do Autodesk Simulation®, a força de forjamento calculada analiticamente foi aplicada, assim como todas as outras restrições inerentes ao processo de soldagem foram inseridas. Houve deformação permanente e escoamento do material assim como ocorre na prática, uma vez que se trata de um processo termomecânico.
Utilização do MATLAB como ferramenta de simulação da movimentação dos eixos de um Robô.
Authors: Tabacow Rachel P
Published: June 2019

Com o avanço da globalização, veio a necessidade das indústrias se tornarem mais competitivas, buscando diminuir custos, e gerenciar melhor os seus recursos. Para isso, o investimento em automação vem crescendo, na intenção de garantir estabilidade do processo, diminuir a intervenção humana para garantir a qualidade, diminuindo assim refugo e retrabalho, diminuir mão de obra, aumentar a produtividade, elevar o nível de segurança no trabalho e otimizar o espaço físico. Com a instalação de processos automatizados, os robôs acabam sendo utilizados em larga escala nas indústrias. Assim, nestas empresas a simulação assume um papel preponderante na forma como implementam os seus processos nos diferentes robôs industriais, de forma a obter sucesso nos seus produtos. Isto estabelece uma análise prévia nas soluções que se pretende alcançar, tornando a simulação algo que fornece à empresa aplicações de estratégia no mercado. Recorrendo à simulação, a qual se tornou uma área inovadora capaz de auxiliar as mais diversas áreas de atividade humana, é possível utilizar o modelo que representa um sistema qualquer, um robô, e simular o seu comportamento de forma a poder-se efetuar uma avaliação antecipada do seu desempenho. Este artigo tem como objetivo, demonstrar a utilização da ferramenta Toolbox Robotics do software Matlab, através da modelagem de um braço robótico, e elaboração da sua programação para simulação da movimentação dos seus eixos. Para esta demonstração, foi considerada uma situação real de transporte de materiais, e criado a programação que simula a movimentação do robô, demonstrando todos os parâmetros e funções utilizadas para gerar o programa. Esta ferramenta nos possibilita análise dos parâmetros de controle das juntas do equipamento, verificação da sua funcionalidade e sua movimentação no ambiente de trabalho, permitindo uma prévia análise de viabilidade do sistema automatizado em questão.
HUKUM DAN FUNGSI NEGARA MENURUT UNDANG-UNDANG DASAR NEGARA REPUBLIK INDONESIA TAHUN 1945
Authors: Fartini Ade
Published: June 2019

Hukum nasional adalah hukum atau peraturan perundang-undangan yang dibentuk dan dilaksanakan untuk mencapai tujuan, dasar, dan cita hukum suatu negara. Dalam konteks ini hukum nasional Indonesia adalah kesatuan hukum atau peraturan perundang-undangan yang dibangun untuk mencapai tujuan negara yang bersumber pada Pembukaan dan Pasal-pasal UUD 1945. Sebab, di dalam Pembukaan dan Pasal-pasal UUD 1945 itulah terkandung tujuan, dasar, dan cita hukum negara Indonesia. Dengan demikian, sistem hukum nasional Indonesia adalah sistem hukum yang beng lain saling bergantung dan yang bersumber dari Pembukaan dan berlaku di seluruh Indonesia yang meliputi semua unsur hukum (seperti isi, struktur, budaya, sarana, peraturan perundang-undangan, dan semua sub unsurnya) yang antara yang satu dengan yang lainnya. Asas hukum nasional (Indonesia) ditarik dari kekayaan kultural serta pengalaman bangsa Indonesia sendiri. Konsep negara hukum pancasila dengan ciri kerukunan dikemukakan juga oleh Philipus M. Hadjon bahwa yang menjadi titik sentral negara Indonesia adalah keserasian hubungan antara pemerintah dan rakyat berdasarkan asas kerukunan. Prinsip negara hukum menjamin kepastian, ketertiban dan perlindungan hukum yang berintikan kebenaran dan keadilan. Kepastian, ketertiban dan perlindungan hukum menuntut, antara lain bahwa lalu lintas hukum dalam kehidupan masyarakat memerlukan adanya alat bukti yang menentukan dengan jelas hak dan kewajiban seseorang dengan subyek hukum dalam masyarakat.

Kata Kunci: Sistem Hukum, Asas hukum Nasional, Prinsip Negara Hukum
URGENSI ASTROLABE DALAM PERADABAN ASTRONOMI ISLAM
Authors: Sayehu Sayehu
Published: June 2019

Mengutip Republika melalui Khazanah berupa artikel online yang diambil dari Ensiklopedi Oxford, bahwa astronomi adalah satu-satunya ilmu alam yang tidak dikecam oleh kaum Muslim di abad pertengahan yang menentang ilmu-ilmu sekuler. Tidak hanya sampai di situ, astronomi juga memperoleh tempat terhormat di masjid-masjid sebagai pembahasan yang menarik dan dihormati oleh kalangan agama arus utama, dan dari sini pula dunia Islam modern mulai digagas.Astronomibagian dari ilmu pengetahuan alam, di dalam peradaban Islam masih bertahan hingga sekarang. Di zamannya astronomi berguna sebagai penentu arah kiblat, perhitungan waktu shalat, dan sarana pembuat almanak, bahkan termasuk mengamati benda angkasa. Berangkat dari pengetahuan ini, dalam perspektif ilmiah, astronomi berjasa memunculkan ilmu pasti yang lainnya, seperti ilmu trigonometri, yang kemudian dalam ilmu matematika melahirkan teknik kuantitatif dan geometri.

Kata Kunci: astronomi, triginometri, geometri
KONSEP NEGARA MENURUT IHKWANUL MUSLIMIN
Authors: Sanusi Ahmad
Published: June 2019

Tulisan ini ingin mengungkapkan konsep bernegara menurut sebuah kelompok yang berdiri di Mesir yang bernama ikhwanul muslimin. Kelompok ini bermula bertujuan  untuk mendidik rakyat, meningkatkan standard hidup mereka, dan menyebarkan pesan “pranata Islam (al nizham al-Islami)”. Gerakan yang didirikan oleh Hasan al banna ini  menegaskan kembali visi Islam yang komprehensif, yang meliputi kehidupan politik, sosial, dan ekonomi: “Islam adalan iman dan ritual, negara (wathan) dan kebangsaan, agama dan negara, spiritualitas dan amal, Alquran dan pedang”. Pada saat yang sama, mereka mengungkapkan kembali, sebagai cita-cita mereka, institusi Kekhalifahan selaku kepala seluruh umat Islam didunia. Sebelum cita-cita itu tercapai, mereka cukup puas dengan pandangan modernis tentang demokrasi kontitusional bagi negara-negara Islam yang berlainan Al-Banna memandang patriotisme (membela tanah air) sebagai kewajiban suci, dan menetapkan Mesir sebagai negara pillihan mereka untuk mewujudkan cita-cita itu. Namun kemudian kelompok ini tidak puas hanya dengan gerakan social tetapi ia merambah ke gerakan politik, maka mulailah mereka menguasai beberapa jabatan-jabatan penting di Mesir dan akhirnya terjadilah insiden berdarah yaitu Pada bulan Desember 1948, diantaranya pembunuhan atas kepala kepolisian Kairo, pemerintah Mesir di bawah raja Faruk akhirnya memutuskan melarang kegiatan al-Ikhwan al- Muslimin dan menangkap tokoh-tokoh utama organisasi itu selain Hasan al-Banna.hal itu sebagai reaksi terhadap terjadinya serentetan insiden berdarah. Konsep negara menurut ikhawanul muslimin sebagaiman yang diungkpakan oleh salah seorang tokoh ikhwanul muslimin Sayid Qutub dalam bukunya Al- Adalah al-Itjima’iyah fi al-Islam adalah sebagai berikut pertama: Pemerintah Supra Nasional kedua: Persamaan Hak Antara Para Pemeluk Berbagai Agama ketiga: negara harus berdasar tiga asas, yakni keadilan penguasa, ketaatan eakyat dan permusyawaratan antara pengusaha dan rakyat.selain itu menurutnya bahwa pemerintah atau negara harus melaksanakan syariat Islam secara keseluruhanKata kunci: ikhwanul muslimin, konsep, negara, pemikiran
DEMOKRASI: PEMERINTAH OLEH RAKYAT DAN MAYORITAS
Authors: Zaini Ahmad
Published: June 2019

Demokrasi hampir selalu berkonotasi dengan kekuasaan rakyat. Namun demikian, apakah rakyat benar-benar berkuasa dalam demokrasi layak dipertanyakan. Saat ini demokrasi boleh dikatakan sebagai sebuah sistem politik yang paling dominan. Namun demikian, banyak orang memahami demokrasi secara serabutan. Kata “demokrasi” pertama kali muncul pada mazhab politik serta filsafat Yunani kuno di negara kota Athena. Kekuasaan tersebut dipimpin oleh Cleisthenes yang merupkan “bapak demokrasi Athena”. dan pada saat itulah warga Athena mendirikan negara demokrasi pertama yang terjadi pada tahun 508-507 SM. Zaman Kuno ini tentunya terjadi pada negara kota Yunani yaitu Athena. Negara kota Athena pada saat itu memakai jenis dasar kekuasaan demokrasi langsung. Dan juga hal tersebut memiliki dua ciri utama.Ciri utama yang pertama yaitu pemilihan acak warga yang biasa mengisi jabatan administratif serta yudisiala di dalam pemerintahan. Kedua, bahwa majelis legislatif terdiri dari semua warga negara Athena. Demokrasi dicirikan oleh kesejahteraan umum individu. Keputusan dibuat sesuai keinginan mayoritas. Kadang-kadang, kondisi demokrasi ini dapat mempengaruhi minoritas yang tidak setuju dengan apa yang diinginkan mayoritas. Namun, demokrasi juga dicirikan dengan menghormati hak-hak minoritas, karena alasan ini, kebutuhan dan pendapat mereka diperhitungkan dan pada beberapa kesempatan dapat mencegah keputusan yang diambil oleh mayoritas dijalankan. Saat ini bentuk demokrasi yang paling umum di dunia adalah perwakilan, di mana warga memilih wakil untuk membuat keputusan politik, merumuskan undang-undang dan mengelola program yang mempromosikan kebaikan bersama.Kata kunci : Demokrasi, Pemerintah, Rakyat, Mayoritas
SISI GELAP DEMOKRASI: ETNISITAS, KEADILAN, DAN PLURALITAS
Authors: Ridho M Zainor
Published: June 2019

Demokrasi telah dimaknai sebagai sebuah sistem politik yang menuntut adanya perubahan masyarakat menjadi sebuah konsep peradaban. Hal ini merupakan salah satu cara untuk mengharmonisasikan hubungan kita dan pengkelompokannya sehinggga semua itu akan dengan sendiri menjadi lebih cepat berkembang menjadi gagasan kebebasan, kesamaan, dan keadilan. Dimana berhasil dijalankan, demokrasi dapat disebut sebagai pemerintahan dari rakyat yang dibuktikan oleh perwakilan atas pilihan sendiri terhadap kepentingan dan keinginan mereka untuk mengkontrol. Ketika Woodrow Wilson, seorang Presiden Amerika Serikat selama perang dunia pertama, gagasan tenang “selamatkan demokrasi”, dia berfikir terhadap kebutuhan untuk menjaga sebuah lingkungan yang dapat membantu terhadap tumbuhnya peradaban demokrasi yang matang.

Kata Kunci: Demokrasi, Etnisitas, Pluralitas
Bilingualism
Authors: Amalia Ila
Published: June 2019

In most common definition a bilingual is a person who is able to speak and understand two languages. Most of us consider bilingualism as something good, an advantage. For one thing, knowledge of another language enables people to communicate with members of other cultures in their own language. This, in turn, provides a means for furthering cooperation and understanding among nations and peoples. Then rise some questions considering bilingualism such as: Is it a good idea to become a bilingual? Just what is a bilingual? Should a young child learn a second language? When should that be? How might learning a second language be affected by the first? These are questions which people and scientists commonly raise. This literature-based article will attempt to provide answers that offer some insight into these questions and other issues related to bilingualism.
Freshmen and Third Grade Students Perceptions on Their Soft Skills Acquirement in The Use of Collaborative Learning in English Classroom
Authors: Permata Nia Nuryanti
Published: June 2019

It is said that soft skills are needed to have a successful life and career for students and can be trained in classroom by conducting collaborative learning. Then, polytechnic students have collaboration learning in their English classroom activity which is useful for their soft skills achivements. However, the students which have different level can have different perceptions on it. This research tries to compare students’ perceptions on their soft skills acquirement in the use of collaborative learning in English classroom in a state polytechnic. The first group is the freshmen, meanwhile the second group is the third grade students of Diploma 3. The study employs a qualitative research design, which is a case study. The data are gained from questionnaire, then observation and interviews are used to triangulate the data. The findings show that the freshmen perceive that they acquire soft skills in 90.9%, meanwhile the third graders are in 84.9%. This concludes that freshmen soft skills acquirement is higher than the third graders. It is recommended that collaborative learning method should be continued to develop the students’ soft skills, and the type of collaborative learning should be more appropriate for different grades of students.
Lexical Bundles in Academic Writing by Undergraduate and Graduate Students of English Language Education Program
Authors: Sugiarti Try Retno , Fitrianasari Nevita Indah , Sulistyorini Terry
Published: June 2019

Studies related to the ubiquity of lexical bundles used by undergraduate and graduate students in writing their academic writing, more specifically skripsi and thesis, seems to be limited. As an important defining feature of academic discourse and a significant component of fluent linguistic production, its existence in writing not only can contribute coherence in a text but also can determine the writing ability of a writer, either professional or novice one (Hyland, 2012, p. 166; Cortes, 2004, p. 397). Therefore, it is necessary to conduct this study in order to know the most frequent forms, structures, and functions of lexical bundles used by undergraduate and graduate students in composing their skripsi and thesis. It was revealed that (1) graduate students use more varied bundles rather than undergraduate students; (2) both students tend to use the same structure of noun phrase with of fragment bundles; (3) undergraduate students tend to use research-oriented bundles, while graduate students prefer to use more text-oriented bundle.
Developing Students' Speaking Ability Through Powerpoint Presentation
Authors: Fauzi Imam , Hanifah Dian
Published: June 2019

This research aimed to improve active learning through students’ PowerPoint presentations in the fisrt grade students of nursing class of Private Vocational High School Serang City 2015/2016 academic year. The method used was Classroom Action Research which consists of planning, acting, observing, and reflecting. The study was carried out in three cycles and the data of this study was gathered through: (1) Student’ presentations, (2) observations, and (3) students computer use survey. The results showed that there was improvement of active learning in the teaching and learning process of nursing class students. In the first cycle, 62,5% of 32 students performed their presentation poorly. Some causes, students were not familiar to practice oral presentation in English, 25% did their presentation satisfactorily and only 12,5% of them performed pretty good presentation in the classroom. After intensive classroom and practices, in cycle II explained that 40,63% students did their presentation poorly. 33,3% could present their topics satisfactorily and 28,13% students performed much better and some of them did their presentation with their better way. Cycle III revealed clearly that students speaking skills were getting better after they were given additional time for much practices on how to deliver a good presentation and operate computer program. It can be seen 21,8% students performed satisfactorally, 40,6% students presented their good performance, and 37,5% did their best performances in delivering English presentation. The application of PowerPoint presentation with the integration of media in computer program can engage Students interest in learning, motivate them to practice presentation orally and improve their speaking skills. In conclusion active learning through students’ PowerPoint presentations could increase the active teaching and learning process. Students also learned technology which is very helpful for their study and future career. This study, therefore, suggests that teachers consider this aid in teaching-learning processes.
PENGARUH GEOGEBRA TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN PEMAHAMAN KONSEP PADA MATAKULIAH GEOMETRI ANALITIK BIDANG
Authors: Desniarti Desniarti , Ramadhani Ramadhani
Published: June 2019

Geogebra adalah salah satu aplikasi perpaduan antara geometri dan aljabar. Aplikasi ini merupakan aplikasi yang sudah dapat di install dari play store dari Handphone android. Sehingga aplikasi ini sangat baik digunakan dalam proses pembelajaran matematika, khususnya untuk kemampuan pemahaman konsep pada materi parabola dan hiperbola. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh Geogebra terhadap kemampuan pemahaman konsep matematis. Metode penelitian ini adalah quasi eksperimen. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah tes kemampuan pemahaman konsep matematis. Anlisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini akan di analisis dengan analisis regresi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ada pengaruh Geogebra terhadap kemampuan pemahaman konsep matematis.
SUTRADARA DJAKA HARJANTO PERTUNJUKAN HARDHASANGKARA WAYANG ORANG RRI SURAKARTA
Authors: Alifi Muhamad , Murtana I Nyoman
Published: June 2019

Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sutradara wayang orang merupakan sebuah jabatan untuk mendidik, mengajar, membimbing, mengarahkan, melatih, menilai, dan mengevaluasi pertunjukan wayang orang. Sutradara fungsinya sebagai pendidik menyampaikan pengetahuan yang telah dimiliki kepada semua pemain. Figur seniman tradisi yang melekat pada diri Joko Harjanto karena profesionalisme yang dimiliki untuk melestarikan budaya tradisi wayang orang. Saat ini hiburan berkembang cukup pesat, mendobrak nilai budaya masyarakat. Figur seniman tradisi berperan aktif menyelamatkan dan kembali pada akar budaya pertunjukan wayang orang. Sesuai dengan semangat RRI Surakarta yang lebih mengutamakan nilai-nilai budaya yang sudah ada dimasyarakat dari pada menciptakan budaya baru dalam seni pertunjukan.

Kata kunci: Wayang Orang, Hardhasangkara, Sutradara.

 

 

The results of the study show that the director of wayang orang is a position to educate, to teach, to guide, to direct, to train, to assess, and to evaluate the performances of wayang orang. The director functions as an educator conveys the knowledge that has been shared with all presenters. A traditional artist who is attached to Joko Harjanto because of the professionalism he has to preserve the culture of wayang orang traditions. At present entertainment is growing quite rapidly, breaking the cultural value of society. Traditional artist figures play an active role in saving and returning to the cultural roots of the wayang orang. It is In accordance with the spirit of RRI Surakarta which prioritizes the cultural values that already exist in the community rather than creating a new culture in the performing arts.

Keywords: Wayang Orang, Hardhasangkara, Director.

 

 

 
Memoria del I Simposio de Pensiones
Authors: Velín-Fárez Margarita
Published: June 2019

El presente texto recopila las Memorias del I Simposio de Pensiones: “Situación de los Sistemas Públicos de Pensiones: Reformas necesarias en una economía con alta informalidad”, realizado el día 8 de abril de 2019, en las instalaciones de la Universidad Indoamérica, sede Quito.
El objetivo de dicha jornada fue reflexionar sobre la situación del sistema de pensiones en Ecuador. Para ello se requirió abordar una aproximación al funcionamiento del mercado laboral, teniendo en cuenta los elevados índices de informalidad que ahora prevalecen, así como una evaluación de las normas actuales y de los mecanismos de coordinación entre instituciones responsables, directa o indirectamente, de su desarrollo e implementación. Tras una panorámica general de la situación de los sistemas públicos de pensiones en países europeos, presentada por Juan Francisco Jimeno, del Banco de España, que permitió establecer las principales bases del análisis, se presentaron resultados de investigaciones recientes que analizan la situación de Ecuador y posibles reformas a considerar en el futuro, por parte de investigadores nacionales.
Quick Of Blood dan Ultrafiltrasi Terhadap Nilai Ureum Pada Pasien Hemodialisis
Authors: Hanivah Ita Ulva , Herlina Santi
Published: June 2019

Pasien dengan hemodialisis (HD) perlu dinilai untuk adekuasi HD mereka secara berkala. Salah satu parameter kecukupan tindakan HD adalah mengukur nilai-nilai Ureum untuk mengetahui rasio reduksi Ureum (URR). Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan quick of blood (QB) dan ultrafiltration (UF) dengan nilai urea pada pasien hemodialisis di Klinik Klinik Khusus Hemodialisa Sahabat Keluarga. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada 68 responden (accidental sampling) menggunakan data rekam medis dan dicatat pada kuesioner. Hasil pengukuran pertama diketahui bahwa hubungan QB dengan nilai ureum post HD memiliki hubungan yang lemah dan pola negatif (r = 0,049), dan P Value 0,034 (α 0,05), sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa ada QB hubungan dengan nilai ureum. Pada analisis pengukuran kedua, hasil hubungan QB dengan nilai ureum post HD memiliki korelasi yang lemah dan negatif (r = 0,187), dan pengukuran kedua adalah nilai P 0,127 (α 0,05), sehingga dapat disimpulkan ada tidak ada hubungan QB dengan nilai ureum. Hasil pengukuran pertama diketahui bahwa hubungan UF dengan nilai ureum post HD memiliki hubungan yang lemah dan pola negatif (r = 0,220), dan Nilai P 0,071 (α 0,05) tidak menemukan hubungan UF dengan nilai ureum. Pada pengukuran kedua, hasil hubungan UF dengan nilai ureum post HD memiliki hubungan sedang dan negatif (r = 0,335), dan pengukuran kedua adalah nilai P 0,005 (α 0,05), sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa ada Hubungan UF dengan nilai ureum.
Implementasi pembelajaran sains, teknologi, engineering, dan matematika STEM pada materi fungsi kuadrat
Authors: Supriyatun Sri Endang
Published: June 2019

Abstrak. Tujuan pembelajaran STEM ini adalah untuk meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa dan pemecahan masalah. STEM adalah pendekatan pembelajaran yang mengintegrasikan komponen-komponen sains, teknologi, engeneering dan matematika. di SMP Negeri 4 Metro pembelajaran yang dilakukan belum maksimal dalam penggunaan pendekatan pembelajaran. Kemampuan siswa berpikir kritis juga tergolong rendah. Terlihat dari penilaian harian hanya 5 orang yang mencapai target kriteria ketuntasan minimal 75. Implementasi STEM pada  materi fungsi kuadrat dapat meningkatkan pencapaian target kriteria ketuntasan minimal, dari 30 siswa 22 siswa telah tuntas. Hal ini dapat dikatakan meningkat dari kondisi awal yang hanya 5 siswa. Kesimpulan dari implementasi ini adalah pendekatan STEM dapat meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir kritis siswapada pembelajaran fungsi kuadrat.

Kata Kunci: stem, fungsi kuadrat, berpikir kritis