bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe STAD Berbantuan Ular Tangga dalam Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar pada Mata Pelajaran Sosiologi Fase E di SMA Negeri 8 Padang
Authors: Rahmaddani Silvina , Nurlizawati Nurlizawati
Published: October 2024

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh rendahnya hasil belajar fase E di SMA Negeri 8 Padang pada mata pelajaran sosiologi. hal ini diduga disebabkan karena media pembelajaran yang kurang bervariasi dan model pembelajaran yang diterapkan juga masih menggunakan model pembelajaran konvensional dengan metode ceramah, sehingga membuat siswa aktif dalam pembelajaran. Kondisi pembelajaran yang seperti ini menunjukan bahwa metode ceramah kurang efektif pada pembelajaran. Adapun tujuan dalam penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis pengaruh model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe STAD berbantuan ular tangga dalam meningkatkan hasil belajar pada mata pelajaran sosiologi fase E di SMA Negeri 8 Padang. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tindakan kelas (PTK) yang dilaksanakan dalam dua siklus. Teknik pengumpulan data penelitian ini menggunakan lembar observasi, tes, wawancara dan dokumentasi yang dianalisis dengan membandingkan presentase ketuntasan hasil belajar siswa fase E7. Teori yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah teori kognitif Jean Piaget. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa penerapan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe STAD berbantuan ular tangga dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa. Peningkatan terjadi pada setiap siklus, peningkatan terjadi dari pra tindakan dengan hasil belajar siswa 50,28%, setelah dilakukannya siklus I meningkat menjasi 68,85%, namun belum mencapai nilai minimum pada siklus II hasil belajar siswa mengalami peningkatan menjasi 77,42%. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe STAD berbantuan ular tangga dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa fase E7 di SMA Negeri 8 Padang Tahun ajaran 2023/2024 dengan menggunakan materi interaksi sosial.
Implementasi Proyek Penguatan Profil Pelajar Pancasila (P5) Tema Bangunlah Jiwa dan Raganya (Studi Kasus SMAN 8 Padang)
Authors: Valenza Yoan , Nora Desri
Published: October 2024

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh ketidakberhasilan SMAN 8 Padang dalam mengimplementasikan Proyek Penguatan Profil Pelajar Pancasila (P5) tema "Bangunlah Jiwa dan Raganya". Meski P5 telah dilaksanakan melalui tahap perencanaan, pelaksanaan, dan evaluasi, namun siswa belum menunjukkan sikap Profil Pelajar Pancasila, seperti kemampuan bernalar kritis dan sikap antibullying. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi pelaksanaan P5 di SMAN 8 Padang dengan pendekatan kualitatif dan jenis studi kasus. Teknik pengumpulan data mencakup observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Purposive sampling digunakan untuk memilih informan, termasuk wakil kurikulum, koordinator, fasilitator, dan peserta didik. Teori struktural fungsional Talcott Parsons digunakan untuk menganalisis data, dengan hasil yang menunjukkan beberapa kendala dalam implementasi, seperti kejenuhan siswa, alokasi waktu yang kurang jelas, dan modul proyek yang tidak tepat. Masalah juga muncul dari pemilihan fasilitator yang kurang relevan dengan tema "Bangunlah Jiwa dan Raganya".
Pengetahuan dan Pemanfaatan Chat GPT di Kalangan Mahasiswa (Studi Kasus: Mahasiswa Departemen Sosiologi Universitas Negeri Padang)
Authors: Rizki Oki Fitrian , Fernandes Reno
Published: October 2024

Chat GPT adalah salah satu bentuk kecerdasan buatan yang semakin populer dan digunakan di berbagai bidang, termasuk pendidikan. Penelitian ini menganalisis perilaku pemanfaatan Chat GPT di kalangan mahasiswa Departemen Sosiologi di Universitas Negeri Padang. Dengan menggunakan metode survei, data dikumpulkan untuk memahami sejauh mana mahasiswa menggunakan Chat GPT dan tujuan penggunaannya. Selanjutnya, data akan dianalisis melalui beberapa tahap, yaitu reduksi data, penyajian data dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa mayoritas mahasiswa memiliki pengetahuan tentang Chat GPT dan menggunakannya dalam berbagai konteks, termasuk dalam tugas akademis, komunikasi interpersonal, dan hiburan. Temuan juga menggambarkan pola perilaku penggunaan yang beragam, dengan sebagian besar responden menggunakan Chat GPT sebagai sumber informasi tambahan dan alat bantu dalam menyelesaikan tugas-tugas mereka. Implikasi sosial dari temuan ini diperdebatkan dalam konteks evolusi teknologi komunikasi dan dampaknya terhadap cara mahasiswa memperoleh, memproses, dan berbagi informasi. Penelitian ini mengkaji pentingnya memahami bagaimana mahasiswa mengadopsi dan berinteraksi dengan teknologi bahasa baru seperti Chat GPT, dengan potensi implikasi bagi pendidikan, interaksi sosial, dan perkembangan teknologi lebih lanjut di masa mendatang
Upaya Peningkatan Minat Belajar Sosiologi Siswa Melalui Media Explosion Box di Kelas XI SMA Negeri 5 Kota Pariaman
Authors: Handayani Ruhil , Sylvia Ike
Published: October 2024

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh rendahnya minat belajar sosiologi siswa di SMAN 5 Pariaman khususnya di kelas XI F4. Upaya yang tepat untuk mengatasi masalah minat belajar siswa adalah dengan menggunakan media kotak ledakan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis peningkatan minat belajar sosiologi siswa selama proses pembelajaran sosiologi. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK) dengan sampel penelitian sebanyak 31 siswa. Teknik pengumpulan data penelitian menggunakan lembar observasi, tes dan dokumentasi yang dianalisis menggunakan deskriptif kuantitatif. Teori yang digunakan untuk menganalisis penelitian ini adalah teori behavioristik dari Thorndike dan desain penelitian Kemmis dan Mc. Taggart. Hasil penelitian ini membuktikan bahwa penggunaan media kotak ledakan dapat meningkatkan minat belajar siswa di kelas. Setelah penerapan media kotak ledakan meningkat pada siklus 1 sebesar 60,00%, kemudian pada siklus II meningkat menjadi 79,17%. Dengan demikian, data hasil peningkatan minat belajar sosiologi siswa akan dilihat melalui pretest dan posttest dari siklus 1 ke siklus 2 dalam 4 kali pertemuan. Setelah dilakukan penelitian diketahui bahwa pembelajaran dengan menggunakan media ledakan box dapat meningkatkan minat belajar siswa karena siswa menjadi lebih aktif dan terlibat secara keseluruhan ketika menjalani proses pembelajaran sosiologi di kelas.
Heuristic meaning of the independence of truth
Authors: Misyurov N. N.
Published: October 2024

In the article analyzes the factors and circumstances that called into question the “independence” of truth and changed the very procedures of cognition (traditional knowledge, constituted in the spirit of “classical rationality”).It is proved that the “inalienable activity” of the subject is due to a number of correlates (external in origin and immanent in nature).It is stated that the subjective phenomenon of the “mass” person in the latest conditions of the “consumer society” (the cognitive result of communication is predetermined by the socio-cultural paradigm of postmodernity and the ethics of utilitarianism) is the only possible form of existence and even survival of this “self-organizing” system - both at the level of an individual and at the level of a more or less consolidated society. The conclusion is made about the heuristic meaning of truth in the structure of the “empirical contents of cognition”.
The spiritual aspect of sports and patriotic education in the post-secular era
Authors: Kutyreva I. V. , Chebotarev I. N. , Manukyan E. E.
Published: October 2024

The problem of patriotism is especially alive in connection with the worldwide trend of creating a secular society. Having played a big role throughout the 19th and half of the 20th centuries, patriotism as a national manifestation of love for the Motherland loses its significance. A person no longer thinks about his nationality, he ceases to care about his own cultural heritage, the foundations of a person's worldview cease to be unshakable. The purpose of the work is to reveal the importance of patriotic and sports components for the educational process. To achieve the goal, the following tasks were set: To determine the meaning of the term “patriotism” and its difference from nationalism, to turn to the origins of patriotic education on the example of Russia, to identify a possible correlation of patriotism and religion, to trace the transmission of the spiritual culture of Orthodoxy, as the traditional religion of the Russian state, through patriotism. The scientific novelty of the work consists in considering the issue of sports and patriotic education in the light of Orthodox spirituality.
PROLEGOMENA to the ontology of remutiability: gift phenomenon and ethnocultural meanings of gift exchange
Authors: Farkhitdinova O. M. , Melnikova E. V.
Published: October 2024

The article provides a philosophical analysis of theoretical approaches to the phenomenon of gift, presents current interpretations of the concept of "gift" in the culture of peoples, describes the meanings and meanings of gift exchange in modern philosophical discourse. Features of the formation of the meaning of this phenomenon are presented on the empirical material of research interviews. The purpose of the study was to substantiate the concept of "gift" as a backbone for understanding the meanings of the identified ethno-cultural types of relationships.
Foundations for subject stability in Russian religious philosophy
Authors: Varova N. L.
Published: October 2024

The article analyzes the idea of a cognizing subject in russian religious philosophy. Cognition of truth is a manifestation of the unity of the unconditionally existing (truth), the fact of present consciousness, living thought. The mind perceives the form of the unconditionally existing and seeks to fill it with concrete content. In the act of independent thinking both the existence of the subject, and the diversity of the world and the value of truth are confirmed.
Influence of religiosity on participation in caritative activity (based on empirical materials of the Vladimir region)
Authors: Semenov I. A.
Published: October 2024

The main idea of the article is to understand whether the religiosity of citizens affects their participation in caritative activities. To achieve this goal, an empirical study was conducted, from which the author comes to some conclusions: about the importance of the motivational component in charitable activities, about the differentiation of objects of caritative activity, about the importance of digital technologies in modern social and charitable activities. The main data of the empirical study were presented in the form of graphs and diagrams.
Azerbaycan Dilindeki “Düşmek” Fiilinin Türkçeye Çevirisi Üzerine
Authors: RAMİZOĞLU Ruşen
Published: October 2024

Dünya dillerinin birçoğunda fiiller, diğer sözcük türleriyle ilişkilendirilebilmektedir.
Bunu, Azerbaycan Türkçesindeki “düşmək” fiili örneğinde
de görmek mümkündür. Azerbaycan Türkçesinde “düşmək” fiili, çeşitli
deyim birimler veya sözcük öbekleri oluşturmak için çok sayıda isimle
birlikte kullanılır. Bu tür sözcük öbeklerinin diğer dillere çevirisinin kolay
olmasına rağmen deyim birimlerin çevirisinde bazı zorluklar ortaya
çıkmaktadır. Bunun temel nedeni, bu deyim birimlerin hedef dilde tam
karşılığının bulunmamasıdır. Azerbaycan Türkçesinden Türkçeye çeviri
sırasında da bu durum görülmektedir. “Düşmək/düşmek” fiilinin temel
anlamları çoğunlukla Azerbaycan Türkçesinde ve Türkçede örtüşse de
deyim birimlerin içinde onun ifade ettiği anlamlar bazen tamamen farklı
olabilir. Bazı dil bilimciler, gelişim tarihi boyunca Türk lehçelerindeki
deyim birimlerin bileşenlerinin değişime uğramasının, bu tür farklılıklara
neden olduğunu belirtmektedir. Azerbaycan Türkçesinden Türkçeye
çeviri sırasında anlam farklılıklarını ve uyumsuzlukları ortadan kaldırmak
için hedef dilde eş değerlerin bulunması önem arz etmektedir. Bu
eş değerler, deyim birimdeki bir kelimeyi değiştirerek, kısaltarak veya
ekleyerek de düzeltilebilir. Eğer bu tür eş değerler mevcut değilse kaynak
dilde deyim birimin ifade ettiği fikrin hedef dildeki benzeri kullanılabilir.
Bu durumda kaynak dildeki deyim birimin içinde bulunan tüm kelimeler,
hedef dilde değiştirilmiş olacaktır. Bu incelikler dikkate alınmadığında,
yani Azerbaycan Türkçesinden Türkçeye sözcüksel çeviri yapıldığı takdirde,
“düşmək” fiilini içeren deyim birimler hedef dilde anlaşılmaz kalır
veya yanlış anlamlar kazanabilir. Makalede, Azerbaycan Türkçesinde “düşmək” fiilinin bulunduğu deyim birimleri incelemeye, onların anlamlarını
tespit etmeye, bu deyim birimlerin Türkçeye aktarımı sırasında
ortaya çıkan zorlukları analiz etmeye ve bu zorlukların çözüm yollarını
bulmaya çalıştık.
Pathomorphological diagnosis of Ph-negative chronic myeloproliferative neoplasms in children
Authors: Tarakanova A. V. , Abramov D. S. , Pshonkin A. V. , Konovalov D. M.
Published: October 2024

BCR::ABL/Ph-negative chronic myeloproliferative neoplasms (CMPN) in children differ from those in adults in clinical manifestations and genetic alterations. Taking into account the well-known physiology of hematopoiesis in children, it seems important to compare the histological features of CMPN in pediatric patients with the criteria for the diagnosis of these diseases in adults specified in the World Health Organization (WHO) classification. In pediatric practice, the interpretation of changes in hematopoiesis in patients with CMPN without any established driver mutation has a particular importance for differential diagnosis with secondary thrombocytosis and erythrocytosis. For our analysis, we used bone marrow trephine biopsy specimens from the biobank of the Pathology Department of the Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology of Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation. They had been obtained between 2016 and 2023 from 70 patients for initial histological examination. The final clinical diagnosis for these patients was CMPN. The frequency of the most common histological changes in hematopoiesis was assessed retrospectively. We compared our results with the data from the WHO classification, analysed the differences in morphological changes in the subgroups of patients with essential thrombocythemia with an established mutation or without it, assessed the relationship between the morphological changes and clinical symptoms of CMPN. The changes in hematopoiesis in children with CMPN are predominantly similar to those in adults, however there are differences in the morphology of megakaryocytes (scarcity of giant cells with hypersegmented nuclei (staghorn-like), an increased number of small and naked nuclei cells). In addition, bone marrow cellularity assessment has a low diagnostic value in differentiating between essential thrombocythemia and polycythemia vera in children. There are no differences in morphology in the subgroups of patients with essential thrombocythemia with an established mutation or without it. No statistically significant association between clinical symptoms of the disease and any of the morphological features of CMPN was found. The study was approved by the Independent Ethics Committee and the Scientific Council of the Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology of Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation.
Epidemiology, clinical features and prognosis for medulloblastoma relapse depending on the molecular subgroups in children and adolescents
Authors: Sysoev A. E. , Papusha L. I. , Karachunskiy A. I. , Protsvetkina A. V. , Yudina N. B. , Fechina L. G. , Kazaryan G. R. , Nikonova O. E. , Merishavyan A. A. , Vilesova I. G. , Salnikova E. А. , Nechesnyuk A. V. , Artyomov А. V. , Druy A. E. , Novichkova G. A.
Published: October 2024

The 2016 World Health Organization classification of central nervous system tumors for the first time provided the division of medulloblastoma (MB) into molecular subgroups which determine treatment response, the likelihood of relapse, the outcome of the disease and prognosis. The course of the disease and prognosis are also expected to be influenced by a number of genetic factors, such as the amplification of the MYC family genes and mutations in the TP53 gene. MB relapse has a heterogeneous clinical course, poor prognosis and continues to be a therapeutic challenge. We conducted retrospective and prospective analyses of the data from the group of 50 pediatric and adolescent patients with MB relapse. A morphology review and the determination of molecular subgroups were performed at the Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology (Moscow, Russia) from January 2014 to December 2023. The aim of the study is to identify the specific differences in MB relapse in 50 pediatric and adolescent patients, depending on their molecular subgroup. An anatomical site of relapse, time to relapse, postrelapse survival and the effectiveness of various relapse treatment regimens were studied. The study was approved by the Independent Ethics Committee and the Scientific Council of the Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology.
Comparing the concentration of radon and uranium, with the concentration of some elements in biological samples of lung cancer: A comparative study
Authors: Al-Khayfawee Ahmed Ali Ghali , Kadhim Shaymaa Awad , Al-Quraishi Noor Ali Jaafar , Hussein Hayder H.
Published: October 2024

Lung cancer is one of the deadliest cancers in the world. Since this malignancy is influenced by a variety of genetic, environmental, and occupational factors, early diagnosis helps to enhance care and improve treatment outcomes. In this study, we measured the concentrations of some trace elements using the atomic absorption spectroscopy, while radon and uranium concentrations were measured using a nuclear track detector (CR-39) and were then compared to the levels of the trace elements. The study protocol was approved by the local ethics committee. Lung cancer samples were collected at the National Hospital for Oncology and Hematology and medical clinics in the Najaf Governorate, between March 2022 and June 2023. The levels of uranium and four elements (zinc, copper, lead and cadmium) were measured in the serum samples of the affected patients and the controls of both genders. While the cancer patients of both genders had the highest average radon concentrations, lifetime risk ratios and uranium levels, their zinc concentrations were lower than in the healthy controls. The average amounts of copper, cadmium, and lead in the blood samples from the lung cancer patients were greater than those in the control group. There was a positive correlation between uranium concentrations and copper, lead and cadmium levels (indicating that these elements are influenced by mechanical and biological changes), while zinc and uranium concentrations were inversely correlated. A statistical comparison of radon concentrations in both studied groups of both genders revealed that the mean radon levels were significantly higher in the cancer patients compared to the healthy subjects.
The prognostic value of the morhological types of ALK-positive anaplastic large cell lymphoma in children
Authors: Abramov D. S. , Fedorova A. S. , Voronin K. A. , Levin P. A. , Fominykh V. V. , Volchkov E. V. , Myakova N. V. , Konovalov D. M.
Published: October 2024

The aim of our study is to evaluate the prognostic value of the morphological types of ALK-positive anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALK+ ALCL) in children. We performed a retrospective analysis of data on 81 cases of pediatric ALK+ ALCL which had been diagnosed in 2011–2022. All patients and/or their legal representatives signed voluntary informed consent for participation in the study, as well as for biological material testing. The analysis of medical records was carried out in accordance with the internal rules of the Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology of Ministry of Healthсare of the Russian Federation, developed and approved by the Independent Ethics Committee of the Center. The patients received treatment according to the standard protocol. We assessed overall (OS) and event-free (EFS) survival depending on the morphological type of the tumor. The median follow-up was 55.6 months. Three-year and 5-year OS rates were 81.9% and 79.8%, respectively. Three-year and 5-year EFS rates were 59.6% and 56.0%, respectively. There were no statistically significant differences in OS and EFS between the common and non-common morphological types of ALK+ ALCL. Better survival rates were observed in the patients with a lymphohistiocytic variant. We found statistically significant differences in OS (p = 0.031) and EFS (p = 0.002) between the cases with a small cell component and without it. The results suggest that ALK+ ALCL with small cell morphology has a more aggressive course in children. Validation in larger patient cohorts and further study of the biology of different morphological types are needed to develop stratified treatment approaches.
Does the development of strategic readiness represent a response to the relationship of strategic competencies and the healthcare information system? Evidence from private hospitals in Jordan
Authors: Salih Ahmad Ali , Abutaha Lubna Jamil , Nasereddin Ahmad Yacoub
Published: October 2024

This study introduces a model designed to improve the strategic readiness of private hospitals in Amman by incorporating strategic competencies as an independent variable and using a healthcare information system as a mediator. Targeting private hospitals with over 140 beds, the research included a population of 3263 employees across various managerial levels. Data collection methods involved interviews and electronic questionnaires, resulting in a sample size of 344. Statistical analyses comprised exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, structural equation modeling, and hypothesis testing with SMART PLS 3.3.3 software. The results indicated medium levels of both strategic competencies and healthcare information systems, while strategic readiness was found to be low. Nevertheless, the proposed model showed a direct positive effect of strategic competencies on strategic readiness, with the healthcare information system acting as a significant partial mediator. Evaluation metrics included the arithmetic mean, standard deviation, and path analysis. This model surpasses traditional methods by effectively linking strategic competencies and information systems to enhance strategic readiness, providing a strong framework for improving hospital responses to crises and dynamic changes. The study suggests focusing on enhancing and developing strategic competencies and integrating a comprehensive healthcare information system to optimize hospital operations and increase readiness.
Digital technology for the national sport development: Designing a database model to analyse elite sports data
Authors: Dias Ferreira Alan de Carvalho , Sobreiro Pedro , Mello Júlio B. , Reppold Filho Alberto Reinaldo
Published: October 2024

Relational database models offer a pathway for the storage, standardization, and analysis of factors influencing national sports development. While existing research delves into the factors linked with sporting success, there remains an unexplored avenue for the design of databases that seamlessly integrate quantitative analyses of these factors. This study aims to design a relational database to store and analyse quantitative sport development data by employing information technology tools. The database design was carried out in three phases: (i) exploratory study for context analysis, identification, and delimitation of the data scope; (ii) data extraction from primary sources and cataloguing; (iii) database design to allow an integrated analysis of different dimensions and production of quantitative indicators. An entity-relationship diagram and an entity-relationship model were built to organize and store information relating to sports, organizations, people, investments, venues, facilities, materials, events, and sports results, enabling the sharing of data across tables and avoiding redundancies. This strategy demonstrated potential for future knowledge advancement by including the establishment of perpetual data updates through coding and web scraping. This, in turn, empowers the continuous evaluation and vigilance of organizational performance metrics and sports development policies, aligning seamlessly with the journal’s focus on cutting-edge methodologies in the realm of digital technology.
Ability assessment of the craniofacial structures radiological anatomy on panoramic radiography among dental student during pandemic of COVID-19. Ability assessment on OPG among dental student during pandemic of COVID-19
Authors: Majewski Jakub , Qarashouli Dominika , Kazibudzka Zuzanna , Ciach Klaudia , Kurzawa Patrycja , Orłowska Klaudia , Janas Julia , Ciapała Bartosz , Loster Jolanta E. , Wieczorek Aneta
Published: October 2024

Orthopantomography (OPG) is a routine imaging method in dental practice and an essential diagnostic tool in dentistry. However, OPGs are challenging to interpret due to many overlapping structures. Graduates of dental schools should be aware of image distortions caused by various factors and be able to distinguish them from typical structures to make an accurate diagnosis. The aim was to determine the correlation between the knowledge regarding the location of craniofacial structures of the 1st through 3rdyear dental students and the ability to recognized them on OPGs. The study was conducted in 2021 on 131 dental students using the Microsoft Teams program. Each participant had to determine the location of 4 anthropometric points on 4 OPGs. Using proprietary software, the authors determined the Articular angle between them. The researchers performed the statistical analysis. The Bioethics Committee approved the research. The results of students from particular years of studies did not show statistical significance. There was no statistically significant difference between males and females. Only the answers from third-year male students regarding the one Articular angle showed statistically significant differences compared to the rest of the participants. Recognizing joint structures on OPG is very important from the clinical point of view, although it is often overlooked in diagnostics. Students in the first years of dental school acquire the ability to assess and analyze TMJ on OPGs properly. OPGs have many advantages, including high availability, low cost and low radiation dose. In conclusion we can say that in the first three years of studies, dental students’ image assessment skills in the craniofacial radiology field remain the same.
Complications after Gonioscopy-Assisted Transluminal Trabeculotomy in glaucoma treatment — literature review
Authors: Wrześniewska Martyna , Dyda Maciej , Skowron Paweł , Tomecka Paulina , Zontek Katarzyna , Brawańska Kinga , Zając-Pytrus Hanna , Krol Magdalena
Published: October 2024

Glaucoma is a disease that leads to optic nerve damage and irreversible loss of the visual field. Gonioscopy-assisted transluminal trabeculotomy (GATT) is a minimally invasive glaucoma surgery technique, where the surgeon opens the trabecular network and Schlemm’s canal to improve the outflow of the aqueous humor. This method has shown efficacy in reducing intraocular pressure in patients with primary and secondary glaucoma. GATT has gained popularity due to its minimally invasive nature, compatibility with cataract surgery and relatively low cost. Despite its advantages, the procedure can be associated with many complications such as hyphema, intraocular pressure spikes and corneal edema. In rare cases, it can lead to Descemet’s membrane detachment or cystoid macular edema. The success of GATT procedure mostly depends on the surgeon’s skill and experience, but also on the patient’s risk factors, including age and preoperative intraocular pressure levels. Further studies are required to understand long outcomes and identify the patients, who may be at higher risk of complications.
Effects of Chronic Prenatal Alcohol Exposure on Nociceptive Responses to Mechanical and Thermal Stimuli in Rats
Authors: Krol Magdalena , Jurczyk Michał , Skowron Paweł , Stach Paulina , Skowron Kamil , Midro Aleksandra , Baranowska-Chowaniec Agnieszka , Kurnik-Łucka Magdalena , Gil Krzysztof
Published: October 2024

The present study sought to investigate the effects of chronic prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) on nociceptive responses to mechanical and thermal stimuli in rats. The Von Frey and Hot Plate tests were employed to assess the nociceptive responses of 10 control rats and 7 experimental rats whose mothers had been administered ethanol from day 5 to day 20 of gestation. In healthy animals, a decrease in pain sensitivity was observed between days 28 and 70, which was not observed in the experimental group. The findings also indicated that rats with PAE exhibited diminished sensitivity to nociceptive stimuli during the early postnatal period, as evidenced by a higher threshold response to mechanical stimuli at day 28 than in the control group. However, those observations did not apply to thermal stimuli. It appears that this may be a result of distinctiveness in neural pain pathways for particular stimuli at the receptor or ion channel level, while a disruption in the equilibrium between the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems may be a contributing factor. The results of this study highlight a critical aspect of the harmful systemic effects of alcohol, while also underscoring the need for further research to elucidate the underlying mechanisms, including the role of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and the serotonergic system in modulating pain responses in individuals prenatally exposed to alcohol.
Effect of acetaminophen use on GABA, NMDA, and synaptic plasticity-related genes in the immature mouse brain: A preliminary study
Authors: Göl Mehmet Fatih , Erdoğan Füsun Ferda , Baydemir Recep , Gök Duygu Kurt , Taheri Serpil , Önal Müge Gülcihan , Şükranlı Zeynep Yılmaz , Güvenilir Ecma , Yora Samed
Published: October 2024

Background/aim: Acetaminophen is frequently used as an analgesic during pregnancy. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effects of acetaminophen administered to pregnant mice on the fetal brain, attention, memory, and learning functions in the postnatal period, and genetic mechanisms in these mice.

Materials and methods: The study was designed with two different groups. The first group consisted of pregnant mice that were injected with acetaminophen, while the second group was comprised of pregnant mice that were injected with saline. 1st, 2nd, and 3rd days of pregnancy, one of the mice was injected subcutaneously with 100 mg/kg acetaminophen, and the other mouse was injected subcutaneously with 0.9% saline. On the 21st day after birth, five female and five male mice were randomly selected for the experimental and control groups. Behavioral tests were performed on mice at 2 months of age. In addition, changes in the transcript levels of 93 genes were evaluated by Real-Time PCR in the hippocampus.

Results: The control group showed more interest in the new object than the acetaminophen group (p=0.002). In the marble burying test, greater burying activity was observed in the control group than in the acetaminophen group (p=0.0345). No significant difference was observed between the control and acetaminophen groups in the social interaction and tail suspension tests. GABRG3, GRM3, PICK1, CEBPB, and EGR4 mRNA expression levels increased in the acetaminophen group (0.0317, 0.0159, 0.0069, 0.0457, 0.015, p value respectively).

Conclusions: Prenatal acetaminophen exposure affected both behavioral tests and transcript levels. Therefore, the potential effects of prenatal acetaminophen exposure should be carefully investigated.
The Decontamination of N95 Masks as an Occupational Safety Strategy
Authors: Mattos Simone Lopes de , Dias Carmen Gilda Barroso Tavares
Published: October 2024

Objective: This study aimed to monitor the use of a short-wave ultraviolet (UV-C) decontamination device for N95 masks at the João de Barros Barreto University Hospital, Belém, Pará, Brazil. The research investigated the reuse of masks, storage methods, and the perception of healthcare professionals regarding the decontamination protocol using UV-C after each work shift.
 
Theoretical Framework: The research is based on theories related to biosafety and occupational health, focusing on the importance of decontamination processes in hospital settings to enhance the protection of healthcare workers and reduce infection risks.
 
Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 295 nursing professionals, including nurses, technicians, and assistants. Data were collected through a questionnaire addressing the reuse of N95 masks, storage between uses, and opinions on the use of the UV-C device for decontamination.
 
Results and Discussion: All participants (n=295) agreed that UV-C decontamination improves biosafety by reducing the handling of potentially contaminated masks. The acceptance of the device was unanimous, confirming its feasibility both in high-demand scenarios, such as the Covid-19 pandemic, and in routine hospital practices.
 
Research Implications: This study demonstrates that implementing UV-C decontamination systems is a practical and effective solution for hospitals, with the potential to increase occupational safety and reduce infectious waste generation.
 
Originality/Value: The study contributes to the literature by highlighting the feasibility and benefits of reusing N95 masks with UV-C decontamination, promoting greater safety in hospital environments.
Initial Public Offering (IPO) and Value Aggregation: a Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Silva Antônio Cleber da , Carvalho Francisval de Melo , Prado José Willer do , Vaz Janderson Martins , Bispo Oscar Neto de Almeida
Published: October 2024

Objective: The objective of this study is to conduct a systematic literature review on Initial Public Offerings (IPO) and value aggregation, identifying the key articles and authors who investigate the topic.   Theoretical Framework: The theoretical framework is based on life cycle, market timing, and pecking order theories, highlighting the benefits and risks of IPOs for companies, such as raising capital and increasing market value. Method: The method used was a systematic review, based on the Web of Science, focusing on articles about IPOs and value creation. Stages such as research operationalization, application of filters, and bibliometric analysis were followed.   Results and Discussions: The results indicate a significant increase in the number of publications after 2007, with emphasis on the seminal work of Loughran and Ritter. The discussions reveal that most research focuses on pricing and governance aspects, with few investigations on financial value aggregation.   Research Implications: The research implications suggest the need for future studies focusing on the financial impact of IPOs, especially in emerging markets.   Originality/Value: The originality and value of this work lie in the systematization of a vast literature on IPOs and the identification of gaps for future research
Predictive value of ASCA and ANCA in inflammatory bowel diseases
Authors: Kuznetsova D. A. , Lapin S. V. , Shchukina O. B. , Gubonina I. V. , Kamanin A. A.
Published: October 2024

Introduction. Serological diagnosis of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) is an additional tool not only for differential diagnosis, but also for individual prediction of the clinical course and long-term outcomes of Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC).

The objective was to assess the occurrence and capabilities of determining antibodies to Saccharomyces cerevisiae (ASCA) and antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA) in predicting the clinical outcomes of IBD.

Methods and materials. The study included 71 patients with CD, 26 with UC, and 21 with and 21 with IBD unclassified (IBDU). The comparison group consisted of 35 patients with other gastrointestinal diseases (irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhea (IBS-D), celiac disease, autoimmune gastritis (AIG)); the control group consisted of 24 apparently healthy individuals. The level of antibodies to ASCA IgA and IgG was measured by the ELISA method (ORGENTEC Diagnostika GmbH, Germany), ANCA IgG was determined by the IIF method of the Granulocyte Mosaic test system (EUROIMMUN AG, Germany).

Results. The occurrence of ASCA IgA and IgG in patients with CD was 25 % and 38 %, which is significantly higher compared to patients with UC (0 % and 3.8 %), IBDU (5 % and 5 %), AIG (0 % and 5.3 %) respectively (p<0.05). Seropositivity for ANCA IgG in patients with UC was 54 %, which is significantly higher than in patients with CD, IBDU, AIG – 9.9 %, 9.5 % and 5.3 %, respectively (p<0.05). In patients with IBS-D and the control group, ASCA IgA and IgG and ANCA IgG were not detected. The combination of ASCA IgA and/or IgG seropositivity with a negative ANCA IgG result is more sensitive in differentiating CD from UC than the isolated determination of ASCA IgA (39.5 % vs. 25.3 %) with a specificity of 95.8 % and 96.5 %, respectively. The sensitivity of the combined detection of ANCA IgG with negative ASCA IgA and IgG results was comparable to the isolated detection of ANCA IgG – 52.5 % vs. 53.8 %, while the specificity increased to 94.6 %. ASCA IgA/G seropositivity serves as an unfavorable prognostic marker for the onset of CD before the age of 40, the stenotic and penetrating behavior, as well as the need for surgical treatment of the disease. Higher ANCA IgG titers were observed in patients with severe attack of UC (320 [320;640]) compared to mild attack (40 [40;80], p<0.05).

Conclusion. ASCA and ANCA are highly specific markers of CD and UC, the combined determination of which makes it possible to increase the efficiency of serological examination not only in differential diagnosis, but also in personalized prediction of the clinical course of IBD.
The use of the results of multiplex analysis of the morphological substrate of the tumor in the differential diagnosis of pigmented and non-pigmented superficial melanomas of the skin using the example of two clinical observations
Authors: Chernov I. A. , Rodionov V. E. , Avdalyan A. M. , Protsenko D. N. , Borisov A. V. , Nichiporov A. I. , Kukushkin V. I. , Kirillov Yu. A.
Published: October 2024

Observations of pigmented (melanoblastic) and non-pigmented (achromatic) superficial melanomas of the skin are described, for the differential diagnosis of which, along with traditional histological examination, precision (immunohistochemical, molecular genetic) methods of studying the morphological substrate of the tumor were used. Based on the results of Raman spectroscopy of samples of both tumors, their multiplex analysis was carried out, with the help of which a significant number of molecules of various analytes were simultaneously identified in one individual sample of a biological object.
A rare case of the late onset of Balo concentric sclerosis
Authors: Shidlovsky V. A. , Gorkova E. A. , Yakovlev A. A. , Lalayan T. V. , Smochilin A. G.
Published: October 2024

Balo concentric sclerosis is considered a fulminant demyelinating disease that is characterized by the formation of specific concentric foci in the white matter of the brain that resemble sawing trees. This article describes the clinical case of a patient who has come with complaints of weakness and stiffness in the lower limbs, more in the left leg, a feeling of stiffness and tension in the left hand, the inability to walk without aids. Taking into account the complaints, the clinical picture and the pre-test: laboratory examination of blood and liquor, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain and thoracic spine with contrast, the patient was diagnosed with multiple sclerosis, secondary-spineprogressive current (Balo variant), reliable according to the 2017 McDonald Criteria. The following is a literature review describing the pathogenesis, clinical profile, diagnostic approaches and treatment options for the disease.
Localization of digital educational providers as a competitive counterbalance to the federal scaling of EdTech companies and supranational trends in the globalization of industry-specific business education
Authors: GRAFOVA Tat'yana O. , MEDVEDKINA Evgeniya A. , SOKOLOVA Irina I.
Published: October 2024

Subject. This article examines the emergence of a demand for new educational products and the development of the digital environment.
Objectives. The article aims to substantiate a system of solutions that can form the basis of branding strategies in the transport and logistics industry of Russia.
Methods. For the study, we used the general scientific research methods.
Results. The article finds that localized educational providers can constitute a competitive alternative to the globalization of digital additional professional education, and the targeted nature of the unique selling proposition will help construct a professional and career track more thoroughly, responding to the industrial demand of the region.
Conclusions. The synergy of marketing activities can help create a product for a certain segment of the regional market and form a brand that will unite the target audience.
Information resources protection technologies on the Internet
Authors: FEDOTOVA Gilyan V. , KAPUSTINA Yuliya A. , ANYANOVA Evgeniya V.
Published: October 2024

Subject. The article addresses problems of information protection, development of approaches to ensuring the security and sustainability of digital platforms.
Objectives. The aims are to evaluate the used protocols for information protection, distributed Internet networks and nodes built using cryptography, to analyze individual security solutions in building a digital infrastructure that is resilient to external threats.
Methods. The study rests on general scientific research methods.
Results. We analyzed methods of cryptographic protection, determined that basic protection methods that are based on encryption and cryptography cannot provide complete protection of sites and services from unauthorized access. It is crucial to consider all kinds of risks and threats, analyze the characteristics of cyberattacks and technologies used by fraudsters in relation to a particular industry or company.
Conclusions. It is important to have a comprehensive approach to building an information security system in the context of total digitalization, intellectualization of processes and communications in the online space.
Category Infrastructure: Theoretical aspects of definition and classification
Authors: BELOVA Elena V.
Published: October 2024

Subject. This article considers infrastructure as a key factor in the socio-economic development of regions, contributing to the improvement of the quality of life of the population.
Objectives. The article aims to systematize theoretical approaches to the interpretation of the concept of Infrastructure, highlight its properties and functions, and develop an original definition of infrastructure.
Methods. For the study, I used the diachronic and axiomatic approaches.
Results. The article finds that throughout the 20th and 21st centuries, researchers proposed significantly different definitions of the concept of Infrastructure, some of which are open to question. The article offers the author-formulated definition of this concept.
Conclusions. At present, there is no universally accepted definition of infrastructure.
Sustainable development of rural areas: Assessment methodology and spatial differentiation
Authors: KALAFATOV Edem A.
Published: October 2024

Subject. This article discusses the issues of spatial differentiation of rural areas of the regions of the Russian Federation according to the level of their sustainable development.
Objectives. The article aims to identify the basic parameters affecting the sustainable development of rural areas.
Methods. For the study, I used the methods of logical, comparative, and cluster analyses, and scoring, as well.
Results. Based on the results of testing the author-developed methodology, the article identifies five types of rural areas in regions that differ in the level of sustainable development, and determines the influence of the spatial aspect on fluctuations in the values of some parameters.
Conclusions. At present, sustainable development of rural areas in most cases is associated with the ongoing spatial changes, which affects disproportions between regions, even of the same type. The impact of spatial changes should be taken into account when developing regulatory documents aimed at forming a rational structure of the rural economy and ensuring the effective use of the potential of the areas.
Formation of competitive advantages as the basis for the region's strategic development
Authors: CHMYSHENKO Elena G. , CHMYSHENKO Ekaterina V.
Published: October 2024

Subject. This article examines the organizational and economic relations related to the formation and implementation of competitive advantages of the region.
Objectives. The article aims to determine the sources of competitive advantages in the region.
Methods. For the study, we used the general scientific research methods.
Results. The article discusses the main types of competition between regions, namely the vertical and horizontal ones. It finds that the traditional advantages of regions (absolute and comparative) in the modern world are losing their significance, and it is necessary to form competitive advantages on the basis of strategic, market and resource approaches.
Conclusions. The solution to the identified problems lies in the transition to strategic management of competitive advantages, which involves the implementation of innovation and investment strategies.
Economic potential of the Chuvash Republic
Authors: SMIRNOV Valerii V. , MULENDEEVA Alena V.
Published: October 2024

Subject. This article discusses the issues of overcoming economic stagnation and solving the problems of depressed regions.
Objectives. The article aims to determine the parameters that are of great importance for the development of the Chuvash Republic's economy.
Methods. For the study, we used a correlation and regression analysis.
Results. The article finds that there is an increase in the gross regional product of the Chuvash Republic and consolidated budget revenues, but the population, including the size of the labor force (employed and unemployed aged 15–72) gets decreasing. Manufacturing industries dominate in the structure of the Chuvash Republic's economy.
Conclusions. It is necessary to diversify the sources of growth of the gross regional product of the Chuvash Republic and ensure the implementation of the national project Demography.
PENGARUH LEVERAGE, LIKUIDITAS, PROFITABILITAS, KONSERVATISME, DAN UKURAN PERUSAHAAN TERHADAP KUALITAS LABA
Authors: Mayerson Evan , Wijaya Henryanto
Published: October 2024

The purpose of this research is to determine the effect of leverage, liquidity, profitability, conservatism, and firm size on earnings quality in family manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) for the 2018-2020 period. The total sample used is 37 family manufacturing companies. Data processing using computer-based program Eviews version 12. This study uses multiple linear regression analysis. The results of this study indicate that leverage has no effect on earnings quality. Liquidity has a positive and significant effect on earnings quality. Profitability has no effect on earnings quality. Conservatism has a positive and significant effect on earnings quality. Firm size has no effect on earnings quality. The implication in this study is that companies that have liquid assets in order to cover short-term debts owned by the company and the company must be conservative so that companies are more careful in recognizing profits and expenses in the company. To build trust between agents and shareholders.