bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENGEMBANGAN BAHAN AJAR BERUPA VIDEO PEMBELAJARAN DENGAN KONTEKS PASAR TERAPUNG BANJARMASIN PADA MATERI SPLDV UNTUK SISWA KELAS VIII SMP
Authors: Hayati Nor Ain , Karim Karim , Kamaliyah Kamaliyah
Published: November 2024

Matematika merupakan ilmu dasar yang berperan penting dalam penguasaan ilmu dan teknologi. Komponen  pembelajaran yang memegang peranan penting adalah bahan ajar. Bahan ajar dapat berupa tertulis maupun tidak tertulis, salah satunya adalah video pembelajaran. Video memberikan pengalaman baru dan membuat orang lebih tertarik dengan yang ditampilkan. Oleh karena itu, penggunaan video  pembelajaran dapat menarik minat dan membantu siswa memahami materi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menghasilkan bahan ajar berupa video pembelajaran dengan konteks Pasar Terapung Banjarmasin pada materi sistem persamaan linear dua variabel untuk siswa kelas VIII Sekolah Menengah Pertama yang valid dan praktis. Penelitian ini menggunakan  model 4D yang kemudian disederhanakan menjadi 3 tahap yaitu tahap define (pendefinisian), tahap design (perancangan), dan tahap develop (pengembangan). Dilakukan uji validitas oleh 2 orang validator dan uji kepraktisan yang diukur dengan angket  guru dan siswa. Data yang diperoleh  yaitu data kualitatif berupa saran dan masukan dari validator serta data kuantitatif berupa skor dari lembar validasi dan lembar angket. Hasil uji validitas video pembelajaran diperoleh rata-rata sebesar 3,38 dengan kriteria valid dan hasil uji kepraktisan video pembelajaran diperoleh rata-rata sebesar 3,40 yang berada pada kriteria praktis.
PENGEMBANGAN LKPD PADA MATERI SPTLDV BERBASIS ETNOMATEMATIKA PASAR TERAPUNG DI KELAS X SEKOLAH MENENGAH ATAS
Authors: Khatami Nuril , Fajriah Noor , Kamaliyah Kamaliyah
Published: November 2024

Matematika ialah salah satu ilmu dasar yang penting serta mempunyai beragam kegunaan. Namun, masih terdapat  banyak peserta didik yang tidak menyukai matematika serta kesulitan untuk paham terhadap konsep pembelajaran. Oleh karena itu, dilakukan pengembangan LKPD berbasis etnomatematika pasar terapung yang menjadi salah satu usaha dalam membuat kemampuan peserta didik mengalami peningkatan agar paham terhada konsep pembelajaran sekaligus untuk memperkenalkan dan melestarikan budaya pasar terapung. Pada pembelajaran matematika, terutama materi sistem pertidaksamaan linear dua variabel (SPtLDV), peserta didik masih banyak mengalami kesulitan untuk paham terhadap konsep. Penelitian ini bertujuan guna menghasilkan LKPD dalam materi SPtLDV berbasis etnomatematika pasar terapung di kelas X sekolah menengah atas yang valid. Metode penelitian Research and Development (R&D) yang dipakai menjadi acuan tahapan untuk mengembangkan LKPD yaitu model 4D. Pada pengembangan LKPD ini hanya dilaksanakan hingga tahapan develop (pengembangan), tepatnya uji validitas. Uji validitas dilakukan oleh tiga orang ahli dan diperoleh persentase rata-rata seluruh aspek penilaian LKPD sebesar 86%, artinya LKPD termasuk kategori sangat valid. Sehingga, dihasilkan LKPD dalam materi SPtLDV berbasis etnomatematika pasar terapung di kelas X sekolah menengah atas yang valid.
The effect of modified paramedian and median approaches of spinal anesthesia on postspinal acute low back pain in patients undergoing urological surgery: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Eren Okumuş Büşra , Balaban Onur , Günel Bedirhan , Erdem Ali Fuat
Published: November 2024

Background: Low back pain after spinal anesthesia may be a complicated issue for many patients. We aimed to evaluate the incidence of postspinal low back pain in the modified paramedian approach of spinal anesthesia compared to the classical median approach.Materials and Method: The study is a prospective non-randomized observational trial. We included 297 patients aged 20 to 80 years who underwent urological surgery under spinal anesthesia. Patients were allocated into two groups: In Group P, patients underwent spinal anesthesia by using a modified paramedian approach and in Group M, the classical median approach was used. Primary outcome was the incidence of postoperative low back pain. Secondary outcomes were number of needle insertion attempts, needle bone contacts and patient satisfaction.Results: The incidence of low back pain in Group M was 70.3% on the first day, 39.5% on the 7th day and 5.9% at the end of one month after surgery. In Group P, the incidence of low back pain was 30.7% on the first day, 12.4% on the 7th day and 0.7% at the end of one month after surgery. The low back pain scores were significantly lower in group P at all-time points. Patient satisfaction was significantly higher in group P (p=0.038). The number of needle interventions (p=0.001) and bone contact (p=0.000) were significantly lower in group P.Conclusions: Low back pain was less common with the modified paramedian approach compared to the classical median spinal approach. We found lower number of needle insertion attempts and bone contacts in the modified paramedian technique. Patient satisfaction was also higher in the paramedian technique.
Use and Abuse of Antibiotics in Latin American Neonatal Units in the EpicLatino Database Eight Years of Experience
Authors: Hoyos Angela B. , Salas Ariel , Osiovich Horacio , Fajardo Carlos A. , Baez Martha , Monterrosa Luis , Villegas Alvarez Carolina , Aguinaga Fernando , Martinini Maria Ines
Published: November 2024

The use of antibiotics in neonatal units worldwide varies significantly. We included data from 2015-2022 from the EpicLatino database, which comprises a network of 32 units in Latin America and the Caribbean with gestational age at birth (GA) of ≤ 32 weeks. A questionnaire was sent to the EpicLatino units, to correlate practice with outcomes. Negative binomial regression with standard errors and confidence intervals computed for incidence-rate ratios (IRRs) was used for comparative statistics on antibiotic days per 1000 patient-days between units. All units that responded had 1-6 differences with the reference unit (Unit 2) with the best results, but there was no clear association with the IRR. Each EpicLatino unit should review its statistics to explore possibilities for reducing antibiotic usage.
A Conjecture on Another Supermassive Black Hole in the Bar of Our Milky Way
Authors: Zhu Yin
Published: November 2024

In the bar of our Milky Way, there should be another supermassive black hole B which is with the mass almost 10−2~10−5 the Sgr A* and with a distance almost 10,000 lightyears from the Sgr A*. The bar is formed by the stars that are orbiting around the two black holes Sgr A* and B. And, in the bar, a lots of stars orbit around B while another lots of stars around Sgr A*. The two orbits form the peanut shape with “x-shaped structure” in the bar, while the boxy core is formed with all of the three orbits. And, the orbits of the stars out of the bar could be repulsed to a distant place by the black hole B to form the galactic spiral arms.The ultrafast bar should indicate that the conjectured black hole has been observed.
Simplified Gravity Load Collapse Dynamic Analysis of Old-Type Reinforced Concrete Frames
Authors: Megalooikonomou Konstantinos G.
Published: November 2024

The results of shaking table tests from previous studies on a one-story, two-bay reinforced concrete frame—exhibiting both shear and axial failures—were compared with nonlinear dynamic analyses using simplified models intended to evaluate the collapse potential of older reinforced concrete structures. To replicate the nonlinear behavior of columns, whether shear-critical or primarily flexure-dominant, a one-component beam model was applied. This model features a linear elastic element connected in series to a rigid-plastic, linearly hardening spring at each end, representing a concentrated plasticity component. To account for strength degradation through path-dependent plasticity, a negative slope model as degradation was implemented, linking points at both shear and axial failure. The shear failure points were determined through pushover analysis of shear-critical columns using the Phaethon software. Although the simplified model provided a reasonable approximation of the overall frame response and lateral strength degradation especially in terms of drift, its reduced computational demands led to some discrepancies between the calculated and measured shear forces and drifts during certain segments of the time-history response.
Blockchain-based Infrastructure Private Financing in the Least Developed Countries: A Conceptual Framework
Authors: Moayyed Erfan , Nourzad Hossein Hosseini , Shirazi Danial
Published: November 2024

Infrastructure financing in least-developed countries (LDCs) faces various obstacles, including fragile economic conditions, inadequate regulatory frameworks, and concerns over transparency and investor security. This deters private sector involvement, impeding vital infrastructure development and long-term economic progress. Blockchain technology, on the other hand, has demonstrated its ability to enhance transparency and improve operational efficiency. To bridge this gap, this study presents a novel blockchain-based framework for private financing governance in such projects. The proposed framework was built on three components: a foundational blockchain layer for secure transactions, a DAO layer for governance, and a node layer for user interaction. Moreover, a decentralized decision-making structure was outlined, which allocates voting power according to roles and reputations. The framework also introduces well-defined entry and exit criteria to ensure commitment and transparency. Further, it incorporates a member-driven proposal process and a reputation-based compensation system to encourage active involvement. Finally, a real-world case study was used to assess the framework's practicality and efficiency. According to the findings, the proposed framework has the potential to address and improve the identified gaps. The results of this study provide conceptual insights for LDC infrastructure project stakeholders to enhance the efficiency of infrastructure development in these nations.
African Mahogany Under Saline Stress: An Analysis of the Transpiration Response at Different Salinity Levels
Authors: Campos Willian Viana , Filho José Teixeira , São José Alcebíades Rebouças
Published: November 2024

Transpiration, being the main water transport mechanism in plants, can be significantly impacted by the concentration of salts in the soil. This study aimed to investigate the influence of soil salinity and sun exposure on the transpiration of African mahogany seedlings in a semi-arid region. The research was conducted using drainage lysimeters, in which African mahogany (Khaya senegalensis) seedlings were grown, and different levels of salinity were applied to the irrigation water, ranging from 0.5 dS.m-1 to 5 dS.m-1 in seven different treatments. Each treatment was replicated three times, totaling 21 experimental units (plants), with the aim of optimizing the management of water resources in semi-arid environments. Relevant environmental data, such as photosynthetically active radiation (Qleaf), water potential and electrical conductivity, were collected directly in the field over four months after planting the seedlings in the lysimeters, located in an experimental field in Bahia. Perspiration assessment was performed using a steady-state diffusion porometer model LCpro-SD. The electrical conductivity of the irrigation water was monitored with a portable conductivity meter, being adjusted with the addition of sodium chloride (NaCl) to achieve different salinity levels. Regression analyzes were applied to understand how environmental variables influence the transpiration of mahogany plants. The results indicate that leaf transpiration decreases as the electrical conductivity of the water increases, especially in periods of water restriction. These findings provide valuable insights into the response of African mahogany seedlings to soil salinity and sun exposure, contributing to a better understanding and management of water resources in semi-arid regions.
About The Calculus by Transfer-Matrix Method of a Beam with Intermediate Support with Applications in Dental Restorations
Authors: Cojocariu-Oltean Otilia , Tripa Mihai-Sorin , Bărăian Iulia , ROTARU Doina-Iulia , Suciu Mihaela
Published: November 2024

This work presents a new, original and very interesting approach to a calculus pro-blem of beams with intermediate supports by Transfer-Matrix Method, a very easy method to program to quickly obtain good results. To exemplify the applicability of this approach is given in dentistry, the calculus of a dental bridge on three poles. The dental restorations are very important for improving the general state of health as a result of improving mastication and aesthetic appearance. The approach of this study consists of to present a theoretical study about an indeterminate beam with intermediate support and after, to particularize for an application of a dental restoration case, with a dental bridge on three poles and with two missing teeth between the three poles, assimilated to a simple static indeterminate beam. The results obtained in the presented case study were validated with those obtained by the classical calculation of the Resistance of Materials, with the equation of the three moments of Clapeyron. Due to the ease and elegance of solving various problems with TMM, their approach will continue with other new and original case studies with different modeling and requests, and they will be presented in future research.
Gaseous Ozone and Citric Acid on Quality and Shelf-Life of Lettuce Packaged Under Passive Modified Atmosphere During Cold Storage
Authors: Panou Andreas A , Akrida-Demertzi Konstantoula G , Demertzis Panagiotis G
Published: November 2024

Ozone is considered a promising food preservation technique and has gained great interest because of its strong oxidizing properties and significant antimicrobial efficacy, and because its decomposition leaves no residue in food. In the present study the combined effect of ozone and citric acid treatment on quality and shelf life of freshly cut lettuce packaged under a passive modified atmosphere during cold storage was investigated. Lettuce were washed, cut and treated with ozone at 0.5, 1.0 or 1.5 ppm for 45 minutes. Another batch was treated with citric acid and 3 additional batches were treated with ozone at the above concentrations plus citric acid. Headspace analysis, color parameters, pH, microbiological and sensory analysis were monitored during cold storage. Carbon dioxide production rates increased significantly (p
Future Direct Payments in Ukraine
Authors: Krzyżanowski Julian
Published: November 2024

Abstract: At the time of accession, Ukraine will be covered by the full CAP instrumentarium, the system of direct payments included. Due to the size of the country, including agricultural land, the total amount of payments to Ukraine may reach the amount of EUR 96.5 billion (over 7 years) according to some estimates. The purpose of the article is to try to verify this amount. This will be done by reviewing the latest analyses, made in EU countries, on the estimates of future direct payments in Ukraine. At the same time, author’s own account of the amount of payments to agricultural producers in this country shall be presented. Unlike other studies, the calculation takes into account two elements that significantly reduce the amount of subsidies. Firstly, after accession, Ukrainian farmers will probably receive only part of the payments, which will be gradually increased (phasing-in mechanism), as was the case with Poland and other countries joining the European Union in 2004. Secondly, the calculation attempts to count the effects of the so-called capping, i.e. a ceiling for the amount of direct payments, which will probably also be applied. The result shows a smaller amount of future payments than the other studies.
Effects of SARS-CoV-2 Spike S1 Subunit on the Interplay between HBV- and HCC-Related Molecular Processes in Human Liver: Biological Significance and Management in COVID-19 Patients
Authors: Colonna Giovanni
Published: November 2024

The Spike subunit S1 of SARS-CoV-2 was discovered to be free in our organism, during and after covid and after vaccination. One of its properties is that of interacting one-to-one with human proteins. S1 interacts one-to-one with 12 specific human proteins in the liver. We used these proteins as seeds to extract from the human proteome their functional relationships by enrichment. The interactome representing the set of metabolic activities in which they are involved shows several molecular processes (KEGG) connected with HBV (hepatitis B) and HCC (hepatocellular carcinoma). The number of genes/proteins involved is quite high. Literature data report many cases of patients with COVID where HBV was activated or progressed to cancer. Therefore, we analyzed the interactome with several approaches to understand whether the two pathologies have inde-pendent progressions or a common progression. All our efforts consistently showed that the mo-lecular processes involving both HBV and hepatocellular carcinoma are significantly present in all approaches we used, making it difficult to extract any useful information about their fate. All this has led us to consider that S1-induced molecular changes do not operate in isolation. The interac-tome shows the viral potentialities that, to be expressed or not, must interact with the specific bio-logical context of the patient's phenotype. A series of suggestions arises for using this knowledge in patient management from these considerations.
Higher Returns, Lower Risks: Empirical Evidence from US Options Markets
Authors: USTUNDAG ALP , SIVRI MAHMUT SAMI , ARI EMRE
Published: November 2024

The core principle of investment posits a direct correlation between risk and return. In the language of finance, "risk" refers to the degree of uncertainty or the likelihood of financial loss associated with an investment choice. Conventional wisdom holds that as investment risk escalates, investors expect higher returns as compensation for the increased risk they undertake. Yet, the interplay between risk and return is not always linear or predictable. This study utilized optimization modeling in the options market to investigate the risk-return relationship, focusing on how returns change with different risk levels. Concentrating on the short iron condor strategy, with its capped risk and return, the research aimed to maximize returns within various loss scenarios. This method clarified return levels at different risk thresholds and emphasized the short iron condor strategy's role in delineating the risk-return dynamics. Using 2023 data, research on the 14 most traded US equity and 9 ETF options, with maturities ranging from 5 to 20 days, identified a clear relationship between risk, measured by both maximum loss levels and price fluctuations, and potential returns in short iron condor strategies. While higher maximum loss limits led to larger potential returns, the risk-adjusted returns, expressed as the return-to-risk ratio, declined as risk increased. However, with increased price fluctuations, the potential return actually decreased due to the capped profit potential of the strategy, showing a different dynamic compared to maximum loss risk. Furthermore, longer time to maturity further reduced this ratio, highlighting that both the level of risk and the duration of the position play critical roles in determining returns. These findings emphasize the complex balance between risk and return, and the diminishing marginal benefits of increasing risk and holding periods in short iron condor strategies.
Beyond Anticoagulation: Limitations of Oral Anticoagulants in Preventing Stroke Recurrence in Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Seetge Jessica , Cséke Balázs , Karádi Zsófia Nozomi , Bosnyák Edit , Szapáry László
Published: November 2024

Background/Objectives: Despite the widespread use of oral anticoagulants (OACs), acute ischemic stroke (AIS) remains a significant risk for patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). The real-world effectiveness of OACs in preventing recurrent strokes, particularly following an initial stroke of cardioembolic (CE) origin, continues to be a major challenge for clinicians managing AF patients. This study evaluates the efficacy of OACs in secondary stroke prevention and investigates the influence of anticoagulation type and quality on recurrence risk. Methods: We analyzed data from 128 AF patients in the prospective Transzlációs Idegtudományi Nemzeti Laboratórium (TINL) STROKE-registry, admitted with CE stroke between February 2023 and September 2024. Patients were categorized by anticoagulation status at admission (OAC-users, n = 89; anticoagulation-naïve, n = 39). Recurrence rates were assessed using logistic regression models, adjusted for age, sex, hypertension, diabetes, and pre-stroke disability. Subgroup analyses explored the effects of anticoagulation type and quality. Results: Recurrence rates were similar between OAC-treated and anticoagulation-naïve patients after adjusting for confounders (19.10% vs. 17.95%, p = 0.870). Among anticoagulated patients, neither anticoagulation type nor quality alone significantly influenced recurrence risk. However, their interaction was statistically significant (p = 0.049), suggesting that the effectiveness of anticoagulation in preventing strokes is strongly affected by treatment quality. Conclusions: Although OACs are a cornerstone of stroke prevention in patients with AF, their efficacy in reducing recurrence depends on optimal management. These findings highlight that adequate anticoagulation, not just its use, is critical to minimize recurrence risk. To effectively prevent strokes in high-risk AF patients, future strategies must focus on standardized protocols, tailored monitoring, and individualized dosing regimens.
On the Possibility of Probing the Speed of Quantum Collapse
Authors: Orlicki José
Published: November 2024

The instantaneous nature of quantum entanglement remains one of the most intriguing aspects of quantum mechanics. While the no-signaling theorem prohibits faster-than-light communication, the concept of a finite speed for the collapse of the quantum wavefunction has been a subject of philosophical debate. In this paper, we propose an experimental setup designed to test the speed of wavefunction collapse using entangled photon pairs over a distance of 10 km. By systematically varying the time delay between measurements and analyzing the resulting correlations, we aim to outline a method that could place bounds on the collapse speed without contradicting the no-signaling theorem. We argue that detecting a finite, possibly superluminal, speed of collapse could allow for maintaining realism and locality through high-speed remote synchronization, eliminating the need for hidden variables. We provide a detailed experimental design, including an algorithm and a Python implementation using the Cirq library to simulate the proposed experiment. Our goal is to motivate experimentalists to undertake this test, which could have profound implications for our understanding of quantum mechanics and the nature of reality.
Care of the Tracheostomized Child
Authors: Markov Stoyan Stefanov , Markova Petya Petkova
Published: November 2024

Tracheotomy as an emergency surgical procedure appeared and developed in ancient times1. The surgical techniques for its performance in our time have reached a level of perfection, and in adults it is one of the most frequent surgical procedures performed in emergency and intensive care units worldwide.
Children's tracheotomy, on the other hand, presents far more serious challenges to the medical teams involved in its performance. A number of issues related to it - indications and contraindications, time for performance and protocols for decannulation and others are still subject to clarification.
In the past years, the development of medical science, the introduction of vaccination programs, the use of many improved medical materials and technologies, as well as the achievements of neonatal and pediatric intensive care practice, have shifted the emphasis of pediatric tracheotomy from its emergency performance to solve an acute asphyxiation problem, to its implementation in children, representing a complex group of patients, with permanent dependence on tracheostomy and related medical technologies for long-term survival2.
There are a growing number of children who have experienced complex therapy, for whom tracheostomy care and mechanical ventilation2, including at home environment, are part of their care. This, in turn, puts new questions on the agenda: who will take care for the child in the early postoperative period and during the days of hospitalization afterwards, who will train the people who will care for the tracheotomized child at home, what precautions should be applied in these children during their daily activities – eating, bathing, playing inside and outside the home and others.
Can China Proactively Accept Labor Provisions of the CPTPP: Some Lessons and Experience from Vietnam’s Labor Law Reform
Authors: Liang Yong , Wei Jiayi
Published: November 2024

China has formally applied to join the CPTPP. It is a realistic issue to comprehensively assess the possible impact of CPTPP labor provisions on China and explore effective countermeasures and measures. Vietnam, as the only socialist country among CPTPP member states, has revised its domestic labor law internally to build a dual labor union system, concluded FTAs externally and fought for a transitional period in the form of signing side letters to fulfill its obligations under the CPTPP, which has certain reference value for China. In recent years, the economic and trade agreements signed by China have adopted a more open attitude towards labor rules, and the current domestic laws have basically implemented the ILO’s requirements on core labor standards at the level of textual provisions, but there is still a certain gap between the concrete implementation and the substantive requirements of the CPTPP labor rules at the level of dispute settlement. In particular, influenced by the “aggressive interpretation” of labor obligations in the dispute settlement panel report of the EU-Korea labor case, the binding dispute settlement mechanism of the CPTPP may raise the requirements of labor obligations, and China should make thorough and comprehensive risk assessment and preparation for this, and actively participate in a multi-level and differentiated plan based on China’s actual needs, partial freezing and continuous follow-up.
Çoktan Seçmeli Sınavlarda Kullanılan Ölçme ve Değerlendirme Sisteminin Uygulanması: Madde Analiz Örneği
Authors: Badat Tuğba , Usgu Günseli , Dinler Elif , Bayramlar Kezban , Yakut Yavuz
Published: November 2024

Amaç: Bu çalışma, madde istatistik analizleri kullanılarak çoktan seçmeli sınavlarda, soru ve cevapların güvenirliğini test etmek amacıyla yapıldı. Gereç ve Yöntem: Çoktan seçmeli sınavın standart ve kalite açısından değerlendirilmesinde madde analiz yöntemi kullanılır. Madde analiz yöntemiyle öğrencilerin maddelere verdiği yanıtlar incelenerek sınavın güvenirlik ve geçerlik düzeyi hakkında bilgi sağlanır. Çalışmamızda örnek olarak Ortopedik Rehabilitasyon dersi Final Sınavı seçildi. 20 soruluk çoktan seçmeli sınav 79 öğrenciye uygulandı. Test sonuçları istatistik programına işlendi. Sorular için madde güçlüğü ve madde ayırt ediciliği belirlendi. Kuder Richardson 20 (KR-20) ile testin güvenirliği değerlendirildi. Bulgular: Analiz sonucunda testten alınan en yüksek puanın 85, ortalama puanın ise 58,5 olduğu bulundu. Sorular için madde güçlüğü incelendiğinde, değerlerin 0,11 ile 0,91 arasında değiştiği ve orta güçlükte (0,59) bir sınav olduğu görüldü. Madde ayırt ediciliklerinin -0,02 ile 0,56 arasında değiştiği ve sınavın orta ayırt edicilikte olduğu belirlendi. Testin ayırt edebilme derecesinin 0,30 olduğu tespit edildi. Testin güvenirliği incelendiğinde KR-20 değerinin 0,56 olduğu görüldü. Sonuç: Yapmış olduğumuz ortopedik rehabilitasyon dersi çoktan seçmeli final sınavının; öğrencilerimiz için orta güçlükte ve orta ayırt edicilikte bir sınav olduğu, güvenirlik yönünden ise sınırda bir test olduğu ve soruların tekrar gözden geçirilmesi gerektiği belirlendi. Derse yönelik gerekli iyileştirme, düzeltme ve soruların tekrar gözden geçirilmesinin, derse yönelik verimi artıracağı görüşündeyiz.
A Dedicated Research Rotation Increases Orthopaedic Residency Scholarly Activity
Authors: Angerett Nathan , Ferguson Christopher , Kelly Matthew , Ackerman Timothy
Published: November 2024

Introduction:

Although clinical research has traditionally been a part of orthopaedic residency, there are now certain core requirements created by the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME), which outline the type of research activities to be completed during residency. However, there are no specific details included in the ACGME guidelines regarding how these milestones are to be met. Nor is there specificity regarding expectations of scholarly activity to be completed by the time of graduation. There is a paucity of literature demonstrating the effectiveness of implementing a dedicated research block in an orthopaedic surgical residency, especially in the community setting where limited research-related resources are available.

Methods:

We implemented a dedicated research rotation along with a set of research milestones and guidelines at our single orthopaedic surgery community residency program. A search was performed through PubMed using residents’ and faculty members’ names to find publications included a 7-year period from 2015 to 2022 to determine number of publications by residents and faculty. Scholarly activity of faculty was analyzed and quantified using self-reported annual surveys.

Results:

The average annual number of resident publications (by all 25 residents) increased from 2 to 26 after implementation of a dedicated research rotation. Faculty’s scholarly activity, as measured by the following criteria, increased as well: number of publications (from 22 to 55), conference presentations (from 51 to 83), and other presentations (from 43 to 72).

Conclusion:

Implementation of a dedicated research rotation in a community orthopaedic residency program is associated with an increased publication rate in major academic journals among residents and faculty. There is also an observed association with implementation of a dedicated resident research rotation and an increase in faculty scholarly activity satisfying ACGME faculty requirements.
Air Plasma Jet Generation Apparatus "ALOE" A.V. Kazak, L.V. Simonchik
Authors: Kazak A. V. , Simonchik L. V.
Published: November 2024

The article presents an apparatus for generating an air plasma jet "ALOE". The device differs from known analogues in its compactness achieved due to absence of need to use inert gases (because they are replaced by ambient air) and the ability to determine the exposure dose. In terms of its characteristics this new product corresponds to world standards. There are no domestic analogues of it. Parameters and examples of using this device are presented. It will be in demand for healthcare, veterinary medicine, and cosmetology. The device can be used for disinfection of surfaces, including heat-sensitive ones, such as living tissues, and can serve as a prototype for development of various physiotherapeutic devices.
Experimental Verification of Laser Radar Cross Section Model for Complex Targets with Gaussian Beam Irradiation
Authors: Kalugin A. I. , Kochurova D. N. , Antonov E. A. , Alies M. Yu.
Published: November 2024

The reflection of a Gaussian laser beam from a flat Lambert disk is considered theoretically. It was found that the results of experimental measurements of the reflected beam power as a function of the disk radius at various distances from the photodetector to the target are in good agreement with the theoretical model. It was shown that when the radius of the laser beam is greater than the dimensions of the probed complex target this target can be replaced by an equivalent Lambert disk with the same laser radar cross section.
ACESSO À ÁGUA COMO DIREITO HUMANO NO AMAZONAS
Authors: Santos Solange Laurentino dos , Pimentel Giselly Maria da Costa , Silva Manuela Maria da , Melo Eládio Correia de , Medeiros Marcílio Sandro de
Published: November 2024

Este estudo propõe uma análise do acesso à água como direito humano no estado do Amazonas. Considerando a importância vital desse recurso para a sobrevivência e o bem-estar das comunidades locais, analisamos a atual situação do acesso à água na região, identificando desafios que influenciam a sustentabilidade do do acesso aos recursos hídricos. Utilizou-se a revisão de escopo e documental, baseada em artigos publicados entre 2015 e 2024 nas plataformas e pesquisa Scielo e Lilacs, conduzida com o objetivo de responder à pergunta norteadora: "Qual a condição de acesso à água no Amazonas?" Os resultados revelaram déficits de serviços de abastecimento de água e esgotamento sanitário na região Norte em especial no estado do Amazonas, que apesar de abundante em água, a população sofre com ausência de acesso sustentável, enfrentando obstáculos como deficiências na infraestrutura e de tratamento de esgoto. Além disso, destaca-se a importância da garantia aos direitos humanos, assegurando o acesso equitativo e justo à água para todos.
Multi-Label Classification of Daily Drill Reports (DDR) Utilizing Large Language Models (LLMs)
Authors: Asif Wajih , Al Salt Al Bahri , Al Sulaimani Tariq , Al Noufli Nouf
Published: November 2024

In the oil and gas sector, precise identification and classification of drilling issues are crucial for safety and productivity. Analyzing historical drilling data enables insights into potential problems in similar wells drilling. From existing Electronic Drilling Management (EDM) tool, a dataset comprising nearly one hundred thousand text descriptions was compiled through keyword-based text mining alongside anti-keywords. Following the initial labeling process, the data was submitted to the business for label confirmation. Initially, basic machine learning models such as Long short-term memory (LSTM) were used. However, these had limitations related to spelling errors, acronyms, and miscellaneous symbols. Subsequently, the decision was made to transition to Large Language Models (LLMs).

To address it, this paper proposes a novel approach using LLMs for multi-label drilling issue classification. Experiments were conducted with various LLMs from different providers and parameter sizes, leveraging GPUs. Challenges arose due to imbalanced data. To enhance the robustness of this method, proper data augmentation was carried out during LLM training to ensure broad coverage of drilling issues. With over 20 distinct classes, drilling descriptions often contain up to 5-6 classes, making achieving singular accuracy challenging. Thus, various accuracy metrics were experimented with to ensure robust multi-label classification (MLC) accuracy that addresses both false positives and false negatives.

Regarding overall accuracy, model achieved a level surpassing 90%. Accuracy at the individual class level was evaluated, initially yielding zero accuracy for some classes due to limited occurrences. However, with data augmentation, both recall and precision accuracies improved significantly. Despite the recent surge in the popularity of LLMs, there remains a scarcity of projects effectively utilizing LLMs and Daily Drill Reports (DDR) to correctly identify issues in the well drilling process.

This model utilizes state-of-the-art technology, employing suitable Transformer-based LLMs. This solution is built with open-source, on-premises models to address data privacy concerns. This novel approach holds promise to outperform historically provided solutions based on keyword extraction techniques, offering significantly better results. This method can be applied to both current and future drilling operations, leveraging the present condition of wells.
Improving coalbed methane recovery rate in fragmented soft coal seams: a new model for improving horizontal cased well cavitation technology
Authors: Wen Hu , Cheng Bin , Zhang Duo , Jia Bingyi , Liu Xiugang
Published: November 2024

Effective coalbed methane extraction from soft coal seams is essential for mine safety and energy supply. We introduce a novel horizontal-well hydraulic cavitation method to enhance extraction efficiency and mitigate outburst risks. This technology differs from traditional approaches by utilizing a mathematical model grounded in porous media theory and Darcy's law, accounting for hydraulic seepage and coal strength. Numerical simulations with COMSOL Multiphysics validated the model, identifying optimal construction parameters for hydraulic coal cutting. The proposed technology significantly advances safe and efficient coalbed methane recovery, benefiting coal mine safety and environmental sustainability.
Effect of structure and interaction on physicochemical properties of new [Emim][BF3X] complex anion ionic liquids studied by quantum chemistry
Authors: Liao Yuanhao , Sun Dongwei , Tang Xiaobo , Han Sheng , Dong Xingzong , Zhao Bo , An Yu , Yang Zhiqiang , Tang Nian , Zeng Jijun , Zhang Wei
Published: November 2024

One of the key challenges in the industrial application of ionic liquids (ILs) is their extreme characteristics, such as viscosity, glass-transition temperatures and conductivity. Understanding the relationship between ILs structure and physicochemical propertie is a crucial aspect of the directed design of ILs with good properties, which is a prerequisite for their successful implementation in industrial processes. In this work, high-level quantum-chemical research for four pairs ionic liquids, [Emim][X] and [Emim][BF3X] (X=CH3SO3, EtSO4, HSO4, Tos), was performed, to provide a new insight into the property variances at the molecular level. The result shows that the overall stability of ionic liquids is contributed with hydrogen bonding network between the protons in the C-H and N-H of the cation and oxygen atoms of the anion, as well as fluorine atoms. The nature and strength of the interionic interaction were measured via atoms in molecules analysis and sobEDAw method and results suggested that BF3 could waning interionic interaction of ion pairs. Moreover, a close relation between the binding energies of ion pairs and physicochemical properties was established: the weaker the interionic interaction, the lower is the viscosity and glass-transition, and the higher is the conductivity.
Desynchronization events in solar indices as a manifestation of the North-South asymmetry
Authors: Shnirman Mikhail , Blanter Elena
Published: November 2024

We suggest the Kuramoto chain model with four coupled oscillators as a way to describe the phase evolution and departures from synchronization of solar indices at low and high latitudes in the northern and southern hemispheres. Our model simulates basic properties of the phase differences between the near-equatorial sunspot areas and the polar faculae series provided by the Pulkovo and Mount Wilson (MWO) observatories. Temporal variations of the meridional circulation are represented through slow regular oscillations of natural frequencies. We consider the Gleissberg range (GR) oscillations to have the North-South asymmetry and the 22-yr oscillation to be symmetrical. The overall synchronization of polar and equatorial solar indices is confirmed. We use it to reconstruct model parameters from the phase difference of solar indices. The synchronization allows to reduce the space of model parameters to a 2D plane, where the eventual departures from the synchronization cut out a narrow zone of accurate estimates. We discuss revealed relations between the low-frequency variations of the solar meridional circulation, the North-South asymmetry and the desynchronization events.
Surface Plasmon Polariton Scattering, Light Emission and Diffraction Phenomena of Highly Contoured Gold Mesostructures
Authors: McIlroy D. N. , Gaumet Jean-Jacques , Pierrat Phillipe , Magri Pierre , Franchetti Pascal , Hocevar Chris , Martin Brenden H. , O’Hara John , Dice Nathan P.
Published: November 2024

The far field surface plasmon polariton (SPP) activity of Au polyhedron 3D mesostructures (mesopyramids) with highly textured surfaces consisting of cavities, channels and plateaus have been examined using oil immersion microscopy, reflectivity spectroscopy, photoluminescence spectroscopy, and spinning disc confocal microscopy. Oil immersion microscopy reveals SPP emission in the form of green, red, and yellow hotspots in the cavities. The wavelengths of the emission correlate with the SPP absorption in the reflectivity and photoluminescence spectra of the mesopyramids. Furthermore, the hotspots are spatially located around surface contours on the floors of the surface cavities (submicron features). This surface topography facilitates scattering that enables radiation to propagate into free space. Imaging of the mesopyramids using spinning disc confocal microscopy reveals the presence of square and hexagonal diffraction patterns, which is due to a combination of simultaneous illumination and imaging of the field of view, vertical resolution of the confocal microscope, and the breakdown of the isolation of the holes in the spinning discs due to the curvature of the mesopyramids.
Single-nuclei multiomics analysis of cardiogenic transcription factors in a new murine model of cardiac development
Authors: Amendt Brad A , Leonard Riley , Zhao Yi , Eliason Steve , Zimmerman Kathy , Batz Ariana , Hatcher Cathy , Weiss Robert , Sweat Mason , Li Xiao
Published: November 2024

Transcription factors such as Tbx5, Gata4, Mef2c and Pitx2 are required during cardiac development, and in adult cardiac homeostasis. We demonstrate that the gene dosage and modulation of these factors are mediated in vivoby the miR-200 family. These microRNAs (miRs) are expressed during the earlystages of heart development, and they regulate a highly complex gene regulatory network (GRN). To study the in vivo and in vitro function of specific miR-200 family members, we inhibited individual members of the miR-200 family during embryonic development. Inhibition of a single miR-200 family member within the cluster caused defects in the left ventricle and cardiomyocyte maturation during development. Inhibition of the entire miR-200 family resulted in a ventricular septal defect and embryonic lethality by embryonic day (E)16.5. In cardiomyocytes, the miR-200 family targets the transcripts of Tbx5, Gata4, Mef2c and Pitx2. Inhibition of this family increased expression of Tbx5, Gata4, Mef2c and Pitx2 in the left ventricle and atria across multiple stages of cardiac development. Embryos with reduced levels of a single miR-200 family member were non-lethal, and pups survived into adulthood. On postnatal day (P)1, these pups had a reduced heart rate and increased ventricular wall thickness. Each miR-200 family has distinct heart phenotypes in cell specific differentiation and maturation. snRNA-sequencing revealed a new cardiomyocyte cell state, suggesting these cells were less differentiated due to inhibition of the miR-200 family. We have identified several new transcription factors regulated by miR-200during heart development. The miR-200 family members are critical regulators of early cardiac development through maintaining gene dosage of Tbx5, Gata4, Mef2c and Pitx2, which affects cardiomyocyte differentiation and maturation. The high throughput multimodal analyses of early heart development after miR-200 inhibition revealed a new cardiomyocyte population, with characteristics of an immature cell state and chromatin modifications near Tbx5 transcriptional targets.
Examination of Nursing Students' Knowledge and Attitudes Towards Organ Donation: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: DORUKER Nihal CELIKTURK , GECIT Sinem , YILMAZ Nilufer DEMIRAL , OZBAYIR Turkan
Published: November 2024

Background
Nursing students, who will play a significant role in the healthcare team, need to have the necessary knowledge and a positive attitude towards organ donation to increase the number of organ donations. Because nurses have the power to improve society's perception of organ donation, which could have a positive impact on thousands of lives. Purpose of this study examining the knowledge and attitudes of nursing students regarding organ donation.
Methods
This descriptive and cross-sectional study was conducted at the Faculty of Nursing at a university in western Turkey. The study sample comprised 416 nursing students who volunteered to participate and were enrolled in the 1st to 4th grades. The study utilized the students' sociodemographic and descriptive characteristics form, organ-tissue donation and transplantation knowledge scale, and organ donation attitude scale. The study data was gathered via Google Forms.
Results
In this study, it can be said that nursing students' knowledge about organ donation and transplantation is at an intermediate level and their attitudes towards organ donation are positive. It was determined that as the knowledge of nursing students about organ donation increased, their positive attitudes increased, and their negative attitudes decreased.
Conclusions
As a result of the study, it was found that increasing knowledge about organ donation increased the positive attitude towards organ donation and decreased the negative attitude. It is recommended that an effective education program should be established to increase the knowledge and attitudes of nursing students towards organ donation.
YOLO-GCV: A Lightweight Algorithm for Ship Object Detection in Complex Inland Waterway Environments
Authors: Jin Yang , Wang Ping , Liu Shuwang , Kai Xue , Li Qiuhong , Wang Hao
Published: November 2024

Lightweight ship detection offers the dual benefits of rapid detection and low computational cost, making it particularly advantageous for inland waterway safety monitoring. This study introduces YOLO-GCV, a lightweight ship detection algorithm based on YOLOv7-tiny. The proposed algorithm strikes an effective balance between detection accuracy and speed. First, the ELAN-Ghost lightweight module is integrated into the backbone network, while VoVGSCSP, another lightweight module, is introduced into the neck to further streamline the model structure. Coordinate convolution is utilized to enhance the model’s ability to capture the spatial features of ship targets. Furthermore, the WIoU loss function is incorporated to improve convergence during training and significantly bolster the model’s generalization capability. Experimental results indicate a 19.2 \(%\) reduction in model parameters and an 18.9$%$ decrease in GFLOPs, with mAP0.5 and mAP0.5:0.95 increasing by 0.8$%$ and 0.5$%$, respectively, over the baseline model. The model achieves a processing rate of approximately 42 images per second, meeting real-time detection requirements. This lightweight ship detection algorithm effectively addresses real-time detection needs in complex inland waterway environments and offers notable advancements in inland navigation safety.