bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of Adaptation Mechanisms of Farmers in Flood Prone Area of Bihar
Authors: Yadav Pappu Kumar , Ghosh Souvik
Published: July 2023

The state of Bihar is most vulnerable to floods in India and farmers in flood-prone areas have undergone adaptation through a combination of technological and institutional innovations. The present study aimed to explore the effectiveness of adaptation mechanisms as perceived by the farmers to mitigate the negative effects of flooding on their livelihoods covering a random sample of 80 farmers in flood-prone areas of Bhagalpur district in Bihar during 2022. The findings suggest that farmers have developed a range of adaptation strategies to cope with the impacts of flooding, the most effective being the changes in cropping patterns, adoption of flood-resistant paddy varieties, pest and disease resistance vegetable varieties, vaccination of livestock and management of fish ponds. Institutional innovations like self-help group, farmers interest group, farmers club, seed bank, village level weather advisories were also found crucial to enabling farmers to adapt to floods. Income, cultivated land, information availability, and use of communication sources have explained about 50 per cent variation in the perceived effectiveness of adaptation by farmers. Future extension efforts need to strengthen the institutional infrastructure to promote the flood resilient technologies to reduce the vulnerability of farm livelihoods.
Information Receiving Behavior of Farmers: The Structural and Functional Analysis
Authors: Acharya Saumyesh , Acharya S K , Mandal T K , Mohanty B K , Haque Monirul
Published: July 2023

Farmers are the primary producers of food and other agricultural goods play a crucial part in the agricultural sector. Farmers need fast and accurate information on a variety of farming-related issues including weather, markets, pests and diseases, farming techniques, and agricultural inputs, to make informed decisions. Farmers’ information-seeking behaviour, however, differs based on several conditions. The proficiency in information-receiving behavior and its interpretation merit humongous importance for the triumph of entrepreneurial success far beyond subsistence farming. The study was conducted in the Nayagarh district of Odisha by selecting one hundred FPO member farmers following multistage and snowballing sampling techniques. A structured interview schedule was prepared and data were collected using the personal interview method. The study envisages that variables viz. age, crop yield, no. of male workers, marketed surplus, and materials possessed and training exposure have significant contributions to the functional contribution of information receiving behaviour of the farmers. The study suggests that improvement of farmers’ network and extension agent farmers’ relationship may be helpful for quick technology dissemination and overall improvement of the farming community.
Are Happy Seeder and PUSA Decomposer Potential Options for Sustainable Ways of Paddy Straw Management
Authors: Jambagi Ragini , Singh Dharam Raj , Singh Alka , Venkatesh P , Nain Manjeet Singh , Panghal Pradeep
Published: July 2023

The study was undertaken to assess the effect of in-situ paddy straw management by the adoption of Happy Seeder and PUSA decomposer on the profitability in wheat cultivation and constraints to the adoption of these technologies using primary data collected from randomly selected 121 farmers in the Karnal district of Haryana in the year 2022. The results showed that the adoption of these technologies has reduced the cost and increased the profitability in wheat cultivation. However, the adoption of these technologies especially among small farmers remains limited. Financial constraints to the adoption of Happy Seeder and the longer duration for the decomposition of straw by PUSA decomposer were reported to be major hindrances in their adoption. Educating the farmers regarding the consequences of stubble burning and the potential benefits of adopting these technologies and addressing financial constraints and improving the efficacy of PUSA decomposer may be the potential options for sustainable management of paddy straw.
Purchasing Behaviour of Farmers for Bio-fungicide in Meerut District of Uttar Pradesh
Authors: Singh Aparna , Meena Satyveer Singh , k Vikash
Published: July 2023

In this study, an attempt was made to examine the variables affecting farmers’ satisfaction with bio fungicide use, the variables affecting their buying behaviour for the product and constraints faced by the farmers in usage of bio-fungicides. A total of 100 farmers were selected on the basis of snowball sampling. RBQ mean was calculated to find out the most influencing factors for purchasing of bio fungicide by the farmers. Garrett’s standard procedure was adopted to determine the significance of a number of different factors as expressed by respondents in the use of bio-fungicides. It was found that the retailers influence, quality, price of positives and the opinion leaders with implant agency were the important factors that affect the purchasing decision of farmers. Further, a substantial percentage of farmers in the research area were quite satisfied with the bio-fungicide’s efficacy, followed by its relative quality and history of widespread usage.
Constraints Perceived by Dealers and Households for Execution and Adoption of Pradhan Mantri Ujjwala Yojana
Authors: Behera Bijaylaxmi , Mallick Biswajit
Published: July 2023

Considering the perception of the LPG dealers and households towards Pradhan Mantri Ujjwala Yojana, the current study was carried out in the Samastipur district of Bihar in 2022. A total of 110 respondents i.e., 100 women households and 10 LPG dealers were taken for the study from 4 villages of 2 blocks under Samastipur district. 21 specific constraints perceived by households and 18 specific constraints perceived by dealers were categorized into 4 broad constraints, viz., social, cultural, economic, and physical constraints. Analysis was performed by using Garrett’s ranking method, and specific constraints were ranked accordingly. Garrett’s mean scores of specific constraints ranged 29.38 to 73.41 for social constraints, 30.15 to 69.03 for cultural constraints, 27.73 to 71.77 for economic constraints, and 29.50 to 70.60 for physical constraints as perceived by households. The mean score of constraints perceived by dealers were 30.4 to 71.3 for social constraints, 31.5 to 73.5 for cultural constraints, 26.5 to 70.5 for economic constraints, and 34.5 to 66.7 for physical constraints. The paper may provides a better insight into the grassroots level constraints for implementation and acceptance of Pradhan Mantri Ujjwala Yojana in rural villages of India.
Peak Performance in Sports Requires Psychological Preparation
Authors: Dr Manisha M Pawar
Published: July 2023

This paper attempt to make an overview of various techniques, sport psychologist adopt in psychological preparation of athletes for peak performance. To attain peak performance in sports competitions, coaches and athletes should not base their prospect on physical training on sport skills alone rather should integrate both the mental and physical aspects of performance. During sport competitions athlete should enter the competition with the proper mindset so as to achieve optimum performance. The importance of a sport psychologist to athletes or sports team in this respect cannot be overemphasized, therefore the sport psychologist is in a position to provide the needed therapy to athletes who have been psyched-out by personal, motivational and environmental factors. The paper therefore recommended among others that athletes should be advised for practice mental and psychological skill training and, faster rehabilitation of an injured athlete should be done as this would help to achieve success in peak performance.
Enhancing ECG-Based Biometric Authentication using High-Quality Training Data and Novel Measurement Metrics for Improved Accuracy
Authors: Mr. Banothu Mohan  , Dr. Kavitha Soppari
Published: July 2023

Electrocardiogram (ECG)-based biometric authentication systems rely on machine learning (ML) techniques for accurate identification and verification of individuals. This paper presents a comprehensive methodology for effectively adopting and modifying ML approaches in ECG-based biometric authentication, with a particular focus on acquiring high-quality training data using Python.
The suggested methodology assists researchers and developers in defining dataset parameters and obtaining precise and representative training data. Use case analysis is employed to establish dataset boundaries, categorizing ECG-based authentication into three distinct categories based on diverse application scenarios. This categorization helps in tailoring the data collection process to suit the specific requirements of each use case.
To ensure the quality of the ML training and testing data, four additional measure metrics are introduced in the proposed methodology. These metrics serve as indicators of the data's quality, allowing researchers to evaluate the suitability of the collected dataset for ML model training.
By emphasizing the acquisition of high-quality training data and introducing novel measurement metrics, this research contributes to enhancing the precision and reliability of ML-based ECG biometric authentication systems. The proposed methodology enablies the creation of accurate and robust ML models for ECG-based biometric authentication
João Henriques de Lima Barreto:
Authors: Engel Magali
Published: July 2023

Pai de Afonso Henriques, um dos mais importantes intelectuais brasileiros, o tipógrafo João Henriques de Lima Barreto (1853-1922) vem sendo apresentado, via de regra, como um trabalhador negro livre, submisso e dependente, quase totalmente desprovido de agência em suas conquistas profissionais e opções políticas. Minha intenção aqui é compreendê-lo como sujeito do fazer-se como um trabalhador qualificado, que conquistou o respeito e o reconhecimento de seus empregadores e colegas de ofício. Trata-se, portanto, de buscar apreender em suas experiências e à luz de referenciais thompsianos outros possíveis significados das relações paternalistas e de apadrinhamento que problematizem a eficácia reificadora da dominação de pessoas negras nascidas livres na sociedade escravista brasileira do século XIX. Para tanto, me proponho a analisar a trajetória de João Henriques, ressaltando especialmente sua formação profissional e educacional, a carreira como tipógrafo da Imprensa Nacional e sua atuação política como monarquista liberal, inserido em associações de trabalhadores da cidade do Rio de Janeiro, nas duas últimas décadas do período imperial. Além da obra clássica de Francisco de Assis Barbosa, A vida de Lima Barreto, os registros veiculados na imprensa carioca foram fontes substanciais desta pesquisa.
Müzik Aletleriyle İlgili Hadislerin Tahriç ve Değerlendirilmesi (Kütüb-i Tis‘a Özelinde)
Authors: ASLANTALAY Kamuran
Published: July 2023

Müziğin tarihte ilk ne zaman ve nerede çıktığı bilinmemekle birlikte yapılan araştırmalar bazı müzik aletlerinin çok eski medeniyetlerde kullanıldığını ortaya koymaktadır. Bu da müziğin ve müzik aletlerinin eskiden beri toplumların hayatında var olduğunu göstermektedir. Tarihte toplumlar, müziği ve müzik aletlerini büyü, dinsel ayin, rehabilitasyon, askeri eğitim ve eğlence gibi farklı amaçlarla kullanmışlardır. Müslümanların müziğe ve müzik aletlerine bakışında hadislerdeki ifadeler ve Kur’ân ayetleri etkili olmuştur. Bazı âlimler müziği ve müzik aletlerini bazı istisnai durumlar haricinde dinin yasakladığını söylerken, bazıları ise; müzik sözlerini, müzik aletlerini ve ikisinin birlikte icra edildiği yerleri birbirinden ayırarak farklı hükümler vermişlerdir. Bu araştırma Peygamberimiz döneminde kullanılan müzik aletlerini Kütüb-i Tis‘a özelinde merfû‘ hadislerden tespit ederek hadislerin taḫrîc ve değerlendirmesini ortaya koymayı konu edinmektedir. Çalışmanın birinci kısmında; Kütüb-i Tis‘a hadislerinde geçen müzik aletleriyle ilgili bilgiler verilmiş, bu isimlerin bugün hangi müzik aletini karşıladıkları ve başka anlamlara gelip gelmedikleri tespit edilmiş, akabinde bu müzik aletleriyle alakalı rivayetlerin taḫrîci yapılarak bu rivayetlerin sıhhati muhaddis ve muhakkiklerin görüşleriyle ortaya konmuş; bu rivayetlerden isnadı zayıf olanların neden zayıf oldukları cerḥ, ta’dîl ve ricâl kaynaklarından faydalanılarak açıklanmıştır. İkinci kısmında ise mezhep imamlarının ve mezheplerin müzik ve müzik aletlerinin hükmü konusundaki görüşleri ve gerekçeleri haram, mekruh ve mubah olmak üzere üç başlık altında ortaya konmuştur.
Burden of oral disorders, 1990–2019: estimates from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019
Authors: Tu Chengwei , Wang Gege , Hu Zhangyi , Wang Shuyu , Yan Qianqian , Liu Xueying
Published: July 2023

Introduction

The aim of this study was to understand the global incidence and disability-adjusted life years (DALY) of oral disorders by age, gender, region, and Sociodemographic Index (SDI) from 1990 to 2019.

Material and methods

The estimated annual percentage change (EAPC) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to assess the trends in age-standardized incidence and DALY rates from 1990 to 2019.

Results

The global age-standardized incidence rate (EAPC = 0.01) of oral disorders increased slightly from 1990 to 2019. From 1990 to 2019, the age-standardized DALY rate decreased in high-SDI (EAPC = –0.43) and high-middle-SDI (EAPC = –0.14) regions, but it showed increasing trends in low-SDI (EAPC = 0.22), low-middle-SDI (EAPC = 0.36), and middle-SDI (EAPC = 0.17) regions. The EAPC in the age-standardized DALY rate was negatively correlated with the regional SDI value ( = –0.402, p = 0.001). From 1990 to 2019, the region with the largest increase in age-standardized DALY rate was South Asia (EAPC = 0.67), while the country with the greatest increase in age-standardized DALY rate was India (EAPC = 0.82).

Conclusions

From 1990 to 2019, the global age-standardized incidence rate of oral disorders showed a slight increasing trend. It is necessary to control the increase in DALY and the disease burden associated with oral disorders in low-, low-middle-, and middle-SDI regions, such as South Asia, particularly in India.
Memory, Iconicity, and Virality in Action: Exploring Protest Photos Online
Authors: Merrill Samuel
Published: July 2023

Using a photo from 1985 of a woman swinging her handbag at a neo-Nazi in Sweden as an entry point, this chapter explores the formation of collective memory through iconicity and virality with respect to digital protest imagery. It studies the visual assemblages and constellations that have formed online around this photo and then reflects on their mnemonic and activist impact. It shows how the algorithms behind search engines like Google Images place the photo in visual assemblages characterized by colliding and colluding mnemonic contexts. It also reveals how the vulnerability and violence inferred by the photo are variously emphasized in the visual constellations of different protest-related image-compilation webpages, influencing the sorts of collective action the image promotes.
Visual Activism in Protests against Disappearances : The Photo-Portraits of the 43 Ayotzinapa Students
Authors: Dufays Sophie
Published: July 2023

This chapter focuses on how activists have used and remediated photoportraits
of the 43 students who “disappeared” from the Ayotzinapa Rural
Teachers’ College in Guerrero Mexico in 2014. It explores the different
visual memories that have shaped the role of these portraits in new
protests. It argues that the mobilizing power of these images is rooted
in three traditions of visual memory: a religious tradition in which the
photos are appropriated as icons; a tradition of creating murals, which
can be connected to the visual memory of revolution in Mexico; and,
finally, the national and transnational memory of the “disappeared” in
Latin America.
Introduction
Authors: Quoss-Moore Rebecca M.
Published: July 2023

This introduction outlines the core goals of the project, which returns to the Henrician texts that underpinned much New Historicist work and re-reads these through the intervening scholarship on women’s writing, manuscript and print cultures, and revisions and challenges to that New Historicist framework. The project re-reads women into the Henrician canon to further illuminate the forces of canon formation that contributed to those women’s erasure and to restore more accurate depictions of a shared social system of verse position-taking. This restoration enables an exploration of how collections like Tottel’s—and their later influence—contributed to a misapprehension of single authorship, an initial diminution of Henrician verse’s political significance, and a damagingly inaccurate masculinizing of literary history.
Reevaluating Ancients and Moderns
Authors: Ferando Christina
Published: July 2023

Chapter two, “Reevaluating Ancients and Moderns,” focuses on Canova’s attempt to cement his legacy through the display of his Triumphant Perseus in relation to the Apollo Belvedere. The comparison was meant to highlight Canova’s innovative “imitation” of antiquity. However, the changing political circumstances from 1801 to 1815, the different locations in which this comparison took place, and the fact that the Apollo was present only as a plaster reproduction for much of the period not only resulted in shifting opinions about Perseus but also contributed to a change in attitude towards imitation in artistic practice. Once considered a fundamental and generative part of the creative process, imitation took on increasingly negative connotations as mere copying.
Defining Modern Sculpture
Authors: Ferando Christina
Published: July 2023

Chapter five, “Defining Modern Sculpture,” explores the exhibition of Canova’s Penitent Magdalene in Paris. Exhibited first in the 1808 Salon and subsequently in an intimate space in the townhouse of Giambattista Sommariva, Penitent Magdalene launched a discussion about “expression” and the emotional resonance of art. Self-reflection on the part of beholders reinforced notions of individuality and the self and established Canova’s Magdalene as a particularly French and modern work. It also forged a direct link between emotional resonance and aesthetic value. The focus on expression established a universal model by which sculpture could be appreciated and relied upon accessible conceptions of empathy and lived human experience.
‘Le prime cose lodevoli molto’
Authors: Dow Douglas N.
Published: July 2023

This chapter explores the artistic origins of Bernardino Barbatelli (called Poccetti, 1553–1612), from his early days as a painter of sgraffito facades to his first efforts in monumental narrative frescoes. These images, painted in the Chiostro Grande at Santa Maria Novella, depict scenes from the life of Saint Dominic. In his paintings, Poccetti demonstrated his mastery of color and composition and his ability to create dramatic images. In the process, he updated the images to make them more relevant to a sixteenth-century spectator. Close readings of these paintings show how Poccetti, his patrons, and the Dominican friars would have seen and understood the events of Dominic’s life as examples to be emulated in their own period of religious crisis.
Urgensi Pengaturan Hukum Terkait Kenyamanan Wisatawan
Authors: Savira Vila , Ariesta Wiwin , Ismail Yudhia
Published: July 2023

Wisatawan sebagai penentu kesuksesan dunia kepariwisataan telah menjadi dasar bagi pengusaha pariwisata mempunyai kewajiban untuk memberikan kenyamanan terhadap wisatawan. Kenyamanan menjadi salah satu hal yang menentukan tingkat kepercayaan wisatawan bahwa hak-haknya selama berwisata terpenuhi sehingga akan berdampak pada kesuksesan suatu usaha pariwisata. Oleh sebab itu, pengaturan hukum tentang kenyamanan wisatawan sangat dibutuhkan sebagai suatu perlindungan yang diberikan oleh hukum pada wisatawan bahwa hukum menjamin kenyamanannya. Hal ini akan menjadi dasar bagi setiap penyelenggara dan pengelola usaha pariwisata untuk tunduk dan mematuhi pada peraturan hukum yang berlaku.
PENGARUH BUDAYA ORGANISASI DAN MOTIVASI KERJA TERHADAP ORGANIZATIONAL CITIZENSHIP BEHAVIOR MELALUI KOMITMEN ORGANISASIONAL
Authors: Retno Wulandari  , Woro Utari
Published: July 2023

The purpose of this study is to describe organizational citizenship behavior, organizational commitment, organizational culture and work motivation of employees at the Public Works Department (DPU) of Highways and Spatial Planning in Bojonegoro Regency. To examine and analyze the influence of organizational culture and work motivation on employee organizational citizenship behavior through organizational commitment. The population is 125 people with a sample of 125 people using total sampling. The data analysis technique uses Path Analysis SEM with Smart-PLS. Based on the results of the analysis, it can be concluded that organizational culture, work motivation, organizational commitment and organizational citizenship behavior of DPU Bina Marga and Spatial Planning in Bojonegoro Regency are in good condition. Organizational culture and work motivation have a significant effect on organizational commitment. Organizational culture and organizational commitment have a significant effect on organizational citizenship behavior. Work motivation has no significant effect on employee organizational citizenship behavior. Organizational culture and work motivation have a significant effect on employee organizational citizenship behavior.
Point-of-Care HIV and Syphilis Screening
Authors: Brett Kendra , Askin Nicole
Published: July 2023

In prenatal care, point-of-care tests for syphilis have the potential to be cost-effective and may increase the proportion of people screened and treated for syphilis.

Decision-makers should consider the potential for point-of-care HIV and syphilis screening to increase access to timely treatment for birthing parents and newborns, particularly in rural and remote communities and certain equity-deserving groups. However, the identified studies for this report provided few details about included populations, limiting an assessment of potential health inequities related to point-of-care screening.

None of the included studies used point-of-care tests for HIV or syphilis in people in labour.

We did not find any studies on the clinical utility or cost-effectiveness of dual point-of-care tests for HIV and syphilis that met our inclusion criteria.

We did not find any studies on the diagnostic test accuracy, clinical utility, or cost-effectiveness of standalone point-of-care tests for HIV that met our inclusion criteria.
Electrostimulation Devices for Wounds
Authors: Hao Qiukui , Horton Jennifer , Hamson Angie
Published: July 2023

We found that electrostimulation as an adjunct to usual wound care might be better than usual care alone for wound management without increasing the risk of adverse events.

Electrostimulation therapy may have greater effectiveness for patients with chronic wounds versus acute wounds or those with venous leg ulcers (VLUs) who do not have surgery compared with those who do have surgery.

Electrostimulation using pulsed current may have greater effectiveness on wound management than using direct current for patients with pressure ulcers.

Limited evidence from subgroup analyses suggests that the effectiveness of electrostimulation may be similar to negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) in wound surface area (WSA) and time to complete wound healing.

One economic evaluation study used a within-trial time horizon (up to 24 weeks) and, based on the UK National Health Service perspective, suggests that electrostimulation is less costly and more effective than placebo at 24 weeks. We did not find any studies reporting on the cost-effectiveness between electrostimulation and NPWT that met the inclusion criteria for this report.

One guideline suggests using electrostimulation as an adjunct intervention for managing postoperative pain in patients who have undergone elective caesarean section; another guideline strongly recommends against physical therapies (including electrostimulation) for diabetic foot ulcer management.

A patient with lived experience of using an electrostimulation device for the treatment of a wound was involved in this report. He identified outcomes that are important to patients, primarily avoiding hospitalization and surgery, which were not outcomes reported in the identified literature. Considerations included the accessibility of the devices, training, and integration into homecare services.
Teaching text structure in science education
Authors: Kooiker-den Boer Hilde , Sanders Ted , Evers-Vermeul Jacqueline
Published: July 2023

Outcomes from a body of research on reading education stress the importance of text structure instruction and the integration of reading instruction in content learning in primary schools. We conducted an analysis of Dutch textbooks and workbooks of the seven most frequently used science teaching programs developed for grades 3-6 in order to find out to what extent these materials are appropriate for text structure instruction. The results show that the materials do offer opportunities for text structure instruction but are not suitable for a step-by-step implementation and practice of knowledge and skills related to text structure. The textbooks offer too few clear organized single-structured texts and not all text structures are sufficiently represented. Also, the  programs differ strongly in text length, text segmentation and use of introductions. Illustrations and assignments hardly connect to the text structure. We finish the paper with recommendations for educational publishers.
UMA PROPOSTA PARA O ENSINO DO MODELO ATÔMICO DE BÖHR NO ENSINO MÉDIO
Authors: Santos João Pedro Santana , Freitas Felipe Alexandre Medeiros de
Published: July 2023

O modelo atômico de Bohr, proposto por Niels Bohr em 1913, descreve o átomo como um núcleo central positivo, composto por prótons e nêutrons, cercado por elétrons que se movem em órbitas discretas ao redor do núcleo. As órbitas são quantizadas, o que significa que os elétrons só podem estar em determinados níveis de energia específicos. Os simuladores permitem visualizar e explorar o modelo de Bohr de forma interativa. Eles geralmente apresentam representações gráficas dos átomos, permitindo ajustar os níveis de energia e observar como os elétrons se movem entre eles. Além disso, podem ser usados para simular a emissão e absorção de energia pelos elétrons, ajudando a compreender os espectros de emissão e absorção. Esses simuladores oferecem uma maneira prática e visualmente atrativa de explorar o modelo atômico de Bohr, permitindo aos estudantes entender melhor os conceitos fundamentais da estrutura atômica. Eles podem ser usados como ferramentas educacionais complementares em aulas de física, auxiliando na compreensão do comportamento dos elétrons e das propriedades dos elementos químicos.
O STILISTIKI IN NJENEM POMENU: JEZIKOSLOVNA DISCIPLINA V DRUŽBI 21. STOLETJA
Authors: Kalin Golob Monika
Published: July 2023

Through analysis of the books on stylistics written in the English, German,
Czech, Slovak and Croatian languages, we describe the development of stylistics,
its predecessors, independence from literary science, and the contemporary
situation. We focus on Slovenian linguistic stylistics based on an
analysis and review of entries including keyword stylistics in the Slovenian
bibliographic catalogue Cobiss+. By reviewing and analysing the stylistic
publications of Tomo Korošec, who devoted the largest part of his research
to media stylistics, we substantiate his contribution to Slovenian theoretical
stylistics. The main finding of our comprehensive analysis is that stylistic
research in Slovenia has been intense since the 1960s, that an important part
of this research relates to the work of Tomo Korošec and that, alongside
theoretical stylistics, it is important to include school stylistics as part of general
education on all levels.
Keywords: linguistic stylistics, history of stylistics, media stylistics, journalism
stylistic, stylistic of advertising, linguistic education, rhetoric
Constraining Long-Term NOx Emissions over the United States and Europe using Nitrate Wet Deposition Monitoring Networks
Authors: Christiansen Amy , Mickley Loretta J. , Hu Lu
Published: July 2023

Abstract. Nitrogen oxides (NOx = NO + NO2) play a critical role in regulating tropospheric chemistry, yet NOx emission estimates are subject to large uncertainties, casting doubt on our ability to accurately model secondary pollutants such as ozone. Bottom-up emissions inventories are subject to a number of uncertainties related to estimates of emission activities, scaling factors, and fuel sources. Here, we provide an additional constraint on NOx emissions and trends using nitrate wet deposition (NWD) fluxes from the United States National Atmospheric Deposition Program (NADP) and the European Monitoring and Evaluation Programme (EMEP). We use these NWD measurements to evaluate anthropogenic and total NOx trends and magnitudes in the global Community Emissions Data System (CEDS) emissions inventory and the GEOS-Chem chemical transport model from 1980–2020. Over both the United States and Europe, observed NWD trends track well with anthropogenic NOx emissions from the CEDS inventory until 2010, after which NWD trends level out in contrast to continued decreases in CEDS. After 2010, NWD trends are able to reproduce total NOx emissions trends when the influences of both anthropogenic and background sources are considered. Observed NWD fluxes are also able to capture NOx emissions decreases over the 2020 COVID-19 lockdown period and are consistent with satellite and surface measurements of NO2. These results suggest that NWD fluxes constrain total NOx emissions well. We further compare modelled and observed NWD to provide an additional line of evidence for potential overestimates of anthropogenic NOx in emissions inventories. Over the United States, we find consistent overestimates of NOx emissions in CEDS in summer from 1980–2017 averaging by 15–20 %, with overestimates most prominent in the eastern US after 2000. Over Europe, we find that NOx is overestimated in all seasons, with the strongest average overestimates occurring in summer (175 %, with a range of 50 to >500 % depending on the site) and fall (170 %, range of 39 to >500 %). These overestimates may be reduced by cutting anthropogenic NOx emissions by 50 % in CEDS over Europe (i.e., cutting the 1980–2017 average annual emissions from 8.7 to 4.3 Tg NO), but summertime and fall NOx may still need to be reduced further for observations and models to align. Overestimates may extend to other inventories such as the European Monitoring and Evaluation Programme (EMEP) inventory, which estimates comparable but lower emissions than CEDS, with a 1990–2017 average of 6.9 Tg NO relative to the CEDS 1990–2017 average of 7.8 Tg NO. We find that NOx emission reductions over Europe improve model ozone at the surface, reducing the model summertime ozone overestimate from 14 % to 2 %.
New Insights From The Jülich Ozone-Sonde Intercomparison Experiments: Calibration Functions Traceable To One Ozone Reference Instrument
Authors: Smit Herman G.J. , Poyraz Deniz , Van Malderen Roeland , Thompson Anne M. , Tarasick David W. , Stauffer Ryan M. , Johnson Bryan J. , Kollonige Debra E.
Published: July 2023

Abstract. Although in principle the ECC (Electrochemical Concentration Cell) ozonesonde is an absolute measuring device, in practice it has several “artefacts” which change over the course of a flight. Most of the artefacts have been corrected in the recommendations of the Assessment of Standard Operating Procedures for Ozone Sondes Report (GAW Report No. 268), giving an overall uncertainty of 5–10 % throughout the profile. However, the conversion of sampled ozone into the measured cell current has not been fully quantified, resulting in time-varying background current and pump efficiencies. We describe an updated methodology for ECC sonde data processing that is based on JOSIE 2009/2010 and JOSIE 2017-SHADOZ test chamber data. The stoichiometry (O3/I2) factors and their uncertainties along with the fast and the slow reaction pathways for the different sensing solution types used in the global ozonesonde network are determined. Experimental evidence is given for treating the background current of the ECC-sensor as the superposition of a constant ozone independent component (IB0, measured before ozone exposure in the sonde preparation protocol) and a slow time-variant ozone-dependent current determined from the initial measured ozone current using a first-order numerical convolution. The fast sensor current is refined using the time response determined in sonde preparation with a first order deconvolution scheme. Practical procedures for initializing the numerical deconvolution and convolution schemes to determine the slow and fast ECC currents are given. Calibration functions for specific ozonesondes and sensing solution type combinations were determined by comparing JOSIE 2009/2010 and JOSIE-2017-SHADOZ profiles with the JOSIE ozone reference UV-photometer (OPM). With fast and slow currents resolved and the new calibration functions, a full uncertainty budget is obtained. The time responses correction methodology makes every ozonesonde record traceable to one standard, i.e. the OPM of JOSIE, enabling the goal of a 5 % relative uncertainty to be met throughout the global ozone network.
La traducción inversa de los elementos culturales en el doblaje: una propuesta didáctica con énfasis en el flujo de trabajo profesional
Authors: Ogea Pozo Mª del Mar , Botella Tejera Carla
Published: July 2023

Este trabajo estudia la percepción y preferencias de traducción de los elementos culturales por parte de estudiantes hispanoparlantes, siendo espectadores y traductores, en el doblaje de la serie Valeria (Torrente y Reguera 2020), para finalmente analizar las soluciones ofrecidas por Netflix. Nuestro objetivo es enriquecer la práctica profesional de la traducción audiovisual al inglés mediante el análisis comparativo de los resultados. Esto puede ser útiles para los traductores hispanoparlantes, que habitualmente transcriben las producciones españolas y crean la plantilla en la lengua original, proponiendo además una primera versión en inglés que luego revisa un traductor angloparlante. Los resultados muestran el grado de coincidencia en la percepción y las técnicas de traducción elegidas por los actores del proceso, responsables de que los elementos culturales viajen con éxito.
RESTRUKTURISASI UTANG PT GARUDA INDONESIA, Tbk. SEBAGAI UPAYA PENUNDAAN KEWAJIBAN PEMBAYARAN UTANG KEPADA KREDITUR
Authors: Amalia Widya Sari , Hariyani Iswi , Prakoso Bhim
Published: July 2023

PKPU has a goal to improve the company from an economic standpoint and the company's ability as a debtor to make a profit, with this step it is hoped that the company can pay off its obligations. Settlement is not defined by Law Number 37 of 2004 concerning Bankruptcy and Suspension of Debt Payment Obligations (hereinafter referred to as the Bankruptcy Law and PKPU). However, in this case the general understanding is as normalized in Article 222 of the Bankruptcy Law and PKPU that in principle the reconciliation plan includes an offer to pay part or all of the debt to creditors. In bankruptcy and PKPU cases, all creditors and debtors have the opportunity to submit a peace plan which can be part of a debt restructuring. SOEs have a responsibility in the problems being faced by PT Garuda Indonesia, Tbk. PT Garuda Indonesia, Tbk. is unable to pay its debts to creditors because of the equity of PT Garuda Indonesia,Tbk. recorded negative. The enormous debt made PT Garuda Indonesia, Tbk. choose to do debt restructuring even though the path chosen has a risk of bankruptcy. Even though PT Garuda Indonesia, Tbk. is experiencing financial problems. continue to run its business, this is in line with the principle of business continuity as normalized in 240 of the Bankruptcy Law and PKPU.
Tingkat Kepuasan Pasien Terhadap Pelayanan Kefarmasian di Apotek Kimia Farma X Kecamatan Banjarmasin Timur
Authors: Elisa Nor , Mustaqimah Mustaqimah
Published: July 2023

Latar Belakang : Mutu pelayanan pada bidang kesehatan adalah pelayanan kesehatan yang menimbulkan kepuasan pada pasien. Kepuasan sangat penting dalam pelayanan kesehatan karena dapat  mengukur kualitas pelayanan kesehatan. Tujuan : Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk melihat dan mengidentifikasi  tingkat  kepuasan pasien terhadap pelayanan kefarmasian di Apotek Kimia Farma X Kecamatan Banjarmasin Timur. Metode : Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian observasional dengan metode penelitian deskriptif.. Penelitian deskriptif adalah penelitian yang dilakukan dengan tujuan membuat gambaran atau deskripsi tentang suatu keadaan secara objektif dengan penelitian cross sectional dengan jumlah 32 responden. Hasil : Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang didapatkan bahwa 11 dari 20  pernyataan yang diajukan kepada responden berada pada tingkat kepuasan “Cukup Puas” dengan persentase 55 %. Kesimpulan : Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang sudah dilakukan maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa tingkat kepuasan pasien terhadap kualitas pelayanan kefarmasian di Apotek Kimia Farma X Kecamatan Banjarmasin Timur adalah ‘Cukup Puas’
Evaluasi Sifat Fisik Dan Uji Iritasi Sediaan Sabun Wajah Ekstrak Etanol Biji Salak Pondoh (Salacca zalacca (Gaert.) Voss)
Authors: Khaqiqi Rafi Firman , Nawangsari Desy , Prabandari Rani
Published: July 2023

Salah satu bagian yang berguna dari salak pondoh adalah bijinya. Biji salak pondoh memiliki aktivitas antioksidan yang dapat menangkal radikal bebas. Potensi tersebut dapat dimanfaatkan dalam pembuatan kosmetik pembersih wajah. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah memformulasikan ekstrak etanol biji salak pondoh menjadi sediaan sabun wajah, kemudian dilakukan uji sifat fisik dan uji iritasi akut dermal. Ekstrak etanol biji salak pondoh diformulasikan dalam beberapa konsentrasi, yaitu 1%, 3% dan 5%. Evaluasi sifat fisik yang dilakukan meliputi uji organoleptik, uji pH, uji daya busa, uji viskositas dan uji daya sebar. Sedangkan uji iritasinya menggunakan hewan uji berupa kelinci. Data yang diperoleh diuji statistik dengan metode one-way ANOVA untuk mengetahui perbedaan setiap formulanya. Hasil yang diperoleh berupa sediaan sabun wajah cair berwarna cokelat (dengan ekstrak) dan putih (tanpa ekstrak). Evaluasi sifat fisik sediaan menghasilkan pH dan daya busa yang sesuai standar namun viskositas dan daya sebarnya tidak sesuai. Tidak terpenuhinya standar viskositas dan daya sebar sediaan disebabkan oleh Viscosity Modifier (NaCl) yang perlu penyesuaian lebih lanjut. Sediaan ini bersifat iritan sedang pada kulit hewan uji berdasarkan skor indeks iritasi primernya.

Kata kunci: biji salak pondoh, sabun wajah, evaluasi fisik, uji iritasi akut dermal
Efek Tonikum Ekstrak Etanol Daun Randu (Ceriba Pentandra (L.) Gaertn) Terhadap Mencit Jantan Galur Swiss Dengan Metode Natatory Exhaustion
Authors: Karol Giovani Battista Leki Karol , Permatasari Desi
Published: July 2023

Daun randu digunakan secara tradisional untuk menghilangkan rasa lelah dan meningkatkan stamina. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efek tonikum ekstrak etanol daun randu pada mencit putih jantan galur swiss. Penelitian efek tonikum dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode Natatory Exhauztion. Penelitian ini menggunakan 5 kelompok uji yaitu kontrol negatif (CMC Na 0,5%), kontrol positif (kafein 100 mg/kgBB), ekstrak etanol daun randu dengan variasi dosis 500 mg/kgBB, 1000 mg/kgBB dan 2000 mg/kgBB. Hasil penelitian dianalisis dengan menggunakan One Way Anova. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak etanol daun randu memiliki efek tonikum pada mencit putih Jantan
Kajian Hubungan Kuantitatif Struktur Dan Aktivitas (HKSA) Senyawa Kurkumin Dan Turunannya Sebagai Agen Anti Tumor Darah Terhadap Penghambatan Pertumbuhan Sel K562
Authors: Puspitasari Ismi , Astuti Sari , Harmastuti Nuraini
Published: July 2023

Kurkumin dilaporkan dapat menekan pertumbuhan sel tumor darah. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu mengetahui sifat fisika kimia turunan kurkumin yang berpengaruh terhadap aktivitas antitumor sel darah yang dinyatakan sebagai model persamaan HKSA terbaik. Penelitian ini menggunakan senyawa kurkumin dan dua belas turunannya yang telah memiliki parameter aktivitas antitumor sel darah (K562) sebagai IC50. Parameter sifat fisika kimia seri senyawa kurkumin  dan  turunannya sebagai deskriptor meliputi muatan bersih  atom pada struktur kerangka induk kurkumin, EHOMO, ELUMO, Log P, E Hid, a, MR, Volume, luas permukaan (SA), energi  yotal,  momen  dipol  (u),  Hf,  dan  Massa    yang  merupakan  hasil  perhitungan  optimasi geometri menggunakan metode semiempiris PM3 dengan aplikasi hyperchem. Model persamaan HKSA dibangun  menggunakan analisis  perhitungan statistic BuilQSAR. Model  persamaan HKSA terbaik selanjutnya dilakukan validasi internal dan eksternal.
Analisa statistik dengan BuldQSAR, diperoleh deskriptor yang memiliki pengaruh paling besar yaitu muatan bersih atom, EHOMO, luas permukaan, momen dipol dan Hf dengan persamaan regresi linear: Log 1/IC50 : + 1.7622 (± 0.3655) qC4 - 0.9457 (± 0.1047) E Homo + 0.0013 (±0.0002) SA + 0.0575 (± 0.0216) u - 0.0068 (± 0.0004) Hf - 11.4161 (± 1.0440) , n = 10; R = 0.999; R2= 0,9990; SPress = 0.0232, serta persamaan regresi non linear : Log 1/IC50 = + 15.1400 (± 4.9008)qC7 + 7.4959 (± 5.6081) qC8 -0.5839 (± 0.1397) qC15 + 0.0005 (± 0.0003) SA - 0.0054 (± 0.0008) Hf - 5.7246 (± 3.2476), n = 10; R =0,999, R2 = 0,9977; SPress = 0.0341.
Standardisasi dan Skrining Fitokimia Ekstrak Daun Singkil (Premna corymbose)
Authors: Priamsari Margareta Retno , Solichah Ayu Ina , Aminah Icha Yuliska
Published: July 2023

Standardisasi diperlukan agar diperoleh bahan baku seragam yang dapat menjamin efek farmakologis dari tumbuhan singkil. Skrining fitokimia merupakan tahap pendahuluan dalam suatu penelitian fitokimia yang bertujuan memberi gambaran tentang golongan senyawa yang terkandung dalam tumbuhan yang diteliti. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui profil standardisasi dan golongan senyawa kimia dalam ekstrak etanolik daun singkil. Jenis penelitian eksperimental. Ekstraksi daun singkil dilakukan menggunakan metode maserasi dengan pelarut etanol 70%, kemudian dilanjutkan pengujian standardisasi ekstrak etanolik daun singkil. Tahap selanjutnya dilakukan uji senyawa fitokimia dengan mengidentifikasi alkaloid, flavonoid, saponin, tanin, triterpenoid/steroid dengan cara skrining fitokimia yang dianalisis secara deskriptif. Hasil standardisasi menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak etanolik daun singkil memiliki kadar susut pengeringan sebesar 3,43 ± 1,28 %(b/b), kadar sari larut air serbuk daun singkil sebesar 20,01 ± 0,22 %(v/b), kadar sari larut air ekstrak daun singkil sebesar 19,81 ± 0,22% (v/b), kadar sari larut etanol serbuk daun singkil sebesar 24,48%±0,24% (v/b), kadar sari larut etanol ekstrak daun singkil sebesar 26,88 ± 1,16% (v/b), bobot jenis ekstrak daun singkil didapatkan hasil 0,91 ± 0,00 %(v/v), dan kadar abu ekstrak daun singkil diperoleh hasil 30,40 ± 0,00 %(b/b). Hasil skrining fitokimia menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak etanolik daun singkil mengandung senyawa flavonoid, tanin, saponin dan triterpenoid.
Potensi Anti Bakteri Hard Candy Ekstrak Asam Jawa (Tamarindus indica L.) dengan Minyak Sereh Wangi (Oleum Citronellae)
Authors: Saptawati Tunik , Handayani Dwi Nurul , Gloria Fransisca , Suwarni Sri
Published: July 2023

Asam Jawa dan sereh wangi merupakan tanaman Indonesia yang banyak ditanam dan mudah diperoleh masyarakat. Minyak sereh wangi banyak dimanfaatkan sebagai anti bakteri karena kandungan metabolit sekundernya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui potensi anti bakteri  hard candy dengan bahan aktif ekstrak asam Jawa dan minyak sereh wangi. Ekstrak buah asam jawa dibuat dengan metode maserasi menggunakan pelarut etanol 96%. Hard candy dibuat dalam 3 formula dengan bahan aktif ekstrak asam Jawa dan minyak sereh wangi 0,1% (F1),   minyak sereh wangi 0,2%(F2), dan minyak sereh wangi 0,3% (F3),  Pengujian aktivitas antibakteri hard candy menggunakan metode difusi cakram dengan mengukur diameter zona hambat pertumbuhan bakteri Staphylococcus aureus dan Escherichia coli. Hasil uji diameter zona hambat F1, F2, dan F3 terhadap Escherichia coli berturut-turut sebesar 4,25, 4,38, dan 5,35 mm. Hasil uji diameter zona hambat F1, F2, dan F3 terhadap Staphylococcus aureus  berturut-turut sebesar 2,30, 2,67, dan 2,90 mm. Hal ini menunjukkan hard candy dengan ekstrak asam jawa dan minyak sereh wangi berpotensi sebagai anti bakteri.  Perbedaan diameter zona hambat antar formula dianalisis menggunakan One Way Anova  dan diperoleh nilai signifikansi < 0,05, maka terdapat perbedaan aktivitas anti bakteri yng signifikan antar kelompok. Konsentrasi minyak sereh berpengaruh terhadap aktivitas antibakteri di mana semakin tinggi konsentrasi minyak sereh dalam formula maka semakin besar aktivitas antibakteri terhadap Staphylococcus aureus dan Escherichia coli.

 

Kata kunci : Minyak sereh wangi,Asam Jawa,  Hard Candy, Antibakteri.
Controle de patógenos em sementes de espécies alimentícias nativas do cerrado.
Authors:   , Pereira Sousa Yalle
Published: July 2023

O controle de patógenos nas sementes de espécies nativas do cerrado constitui um mecanismo essencial para a produção de mudas. Essas desempenham um papel na preservação da vegetação nativa do país, tanto no contexto de regeneração ecossistêmica quanto na valorização de produtos nativos. O manuscrito tem por objetivo principal avaliar a eficiência das microondas eletromagnéticas sobre os patógenos e na qualidade sanitária de Buriti (Mauritia flexuosa L. f.), Pequi (Caryocar brasiliense Camb.), Cagaita (Eugenia dysenterica DC.), Marolo (Annona crassiflora Mart) espécies nativas alimentícias do Cerrado. Especificamente objetiva-se, [1] identificar e quantificar fungos desenvolvidos considerando cálculo de incidência, [2] identificar espécies fúngicas potencialmente patogênicas. A pesquisa foi desenvolvida em parceria com o Laboratório de Análise de Sementes do Campus Cerrado do Alto Parnaíba, da Universidade Estadual do Piauí. Os tratamentos foram expostos aos tempos de exposição foram de 0,10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80 e 90 segundos em micro-ondas a uma potência de 900w e a uma frequência de 2,45 GHz. Utilizou-se 20 sementes por tratamento, distribuídas em 4 repetições de 5 sementes; uma vez que a produção de sementes florestais é muito menor quando comparada com a produção de grãos. As sementes foram incubadas em temperatura ambiente por um período de 7 a 14 dias. Os dados foram submetidos a análise de variância e foram analisados os fungos encontrados. O tratamento de exposição a micro-ondas, mostrou-se eficaz na maior parte dos fungos estudados. Tornando-se uma grande aliada para pequeno produtor, já que por sua vez é uma tecnologia de baixo custo
O currículo escolar na visão de professores de escolas da rede municipal de Sumé.
Authors:   , Egnaldo Alves de Araújo José
Published: July 2023

A intenção deste trabalho é compreender o currículo escolar no entendimento de educadores de duas escolas do ensino fundamental I do município de Sumé. Este estudo envolveu dezoito professores graduados e alguns destes com pós-graduação. O procedimento utilizado foi o questionário como coleta de informações, o instrumento foi elaborado com questões abertas e questões fechadas. A abordagem recai sobre o currículo e questiona esses educadores sobre assuntos em torno do mesmo: como o trabalho em sala de aula, como são trabalhados os temas locais, as fontes de pesquisas que dão suporte ao trabalho do professor, a construção do currículo, o ensino no cariri paraibano e a seleção de conteúdos. Os resultados indicam que o assunto currículo escolar praticamente não faz parte das discussões pedagógicas das escolas envolvidas nessa pesquisa. O entendimento de grande parte dos educadores pesquisados é que o currículo são as ações desenvolvidas no ambiente escolar, embora esta compreensão seja mais no sentido de currículo como conteúdos programáticos. O estudo detecta uma lacuna entre Semiárido e o trabalho em sala de aula destes professores.