bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of Certain Fungicides and Trichoderma Spp. on the Growth Parameter, Yield Attributes and Yield Affected by Powdery Mildew of Green Gram (Vigna radiata L.)
Authors: Meena Neeraj Kumar , Patil Nithin B , Bhanage Santosh
Published: June 2021

Powdery mildew is an important foliar disease of green gram caused by Erysiphe polygoni DC. in India. An experiment was carried out to evaluate the efficacy of fungicides (Propiconazole, Carbendazim, Wettable sulphur, Mancozeb) and bio-agents (Trichoderma viride, T. harzianum,) against powdery mildew of green gram in the Central Experimental Field, Department of Plant Pathology, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj during the kharif season 2018-19. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design (RBD) with seven treatments and each replicated thrice. In a field assay, maximum plant height (71.11) cm was observed in Trichoderma viride as foliar spray followed by Trichoderma harzianum, Carbendazim, Wettable sulphur, Propiconazole and Mancozeb. The experiment revealed that, among the treatments Carbendazim, as foliar spray was most effective with maximum length of pods (7.27) cm and weight of pods (5.6) g followed by Wettable sulphur, Propiconazole, Mancozeb, Trichoderma harzianum and Trichoderma viride. Maximum yield was recorded with Carbendazim (10.15) q/ha, as foliar spray followed by Wettable sulphur (9.76) q/ha, Propiconazole (9.22) q/ha, Mancozeb (8.60) q/ha, Trichoderma harzianum (7.88) q/ha and Trichoderma viride (7.22) q/ha.
Barley varieties registered in the Czech Republic after the harvest of 2020
Authors: Psota Vratislav , Dvořáčková Olga , Musilová Markéta , Nečas Milan
Published: June 2021

The study presents malting quality and agronomic characteristics obtained during testing of barley varieties in the Czech Republic. After the  harvest of 2020, the following spring barley malting varieties were registered: Amidala, Focus, Greenway, KWS Jessie, LG Belcanto, and LG Stamgast. LG Stamgast was recommended for production of the beer with the protected geographical indication České pivo. In addition, the non-malting spring barley variety RGT Gagarin was registered. Amidala, Focus, Greenway, KWS Jessie, LG Belcanto provided malt with the extract content over 83%. These varieties also easily degraded nitrogenous substances. The value of the Kolbach index ranged from 48.6 to 52.1%. Diastatic power was at the optimal level. Degradation of cell walls was also optimal. Friability moved from 89 to 97% and β-glucan content in wort achieved satisfactory values of 65 – 170 mg/l in the given varieties . Wort quality, which is characterized by final attenuation, was at the above average to optimal level of 80.9 – 83.2% in these varieties of spring barley. LG Stamgast showed lower values of proteolytic and cytolytic modification and lower values of final attenuation, which is required for the varieties recommended for the production of the beer with the protected geographical indication České pivo.
Russia: Centre and Regions
Authors:   ИСПИ ФНИСЦ РАН, Москва, Россия, Иванов В.Н. , Дзуцев Х. В. ,   ИСПИ ФНИСЦ РАН; СОГУ им. К.Л. Хетагурова, Владикавказ, Россия
Published: June 2021

This issue of the collection "Russia: Center and regions" is devoted to topical issues of studying socio-economic, socio-political processes in modern Russian society. The collection also includes materials of scientific researches on socio-cultural and religious. The collection is recommended to a wide range of researchers, graduate students and University students.
The Role of Religion and Religious Institutions in Modern Russian Society (in the estimates of the population of the metropolis)
Authors:   ИДИ ФНИСЦ РАН, Москва, Россия, Кублицкая Е. А.
Published: June 2021

The sociological monitoring conducted in the Moscow megalopolis (1996-2020) examines the indicators that characterize the involvement of the population in religious and secularization processes. The article also analyzes the role of religious teachings and religious organizations of modern Russian society in the assessments of Muscovites.
Ultrasound diagnosis of Budd-Chiari syndrome
Authors:   V. F. VoinoYasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, Yakimova V.B. , Zhestovskaya S.I. ,   V. F. VoinoYasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, Lebedeva E.V. ,   V. F. VoinoYasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, Litvinova S.P. ,   V. F. VoinoYasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, Eremina E.V. ,   V. F. VoinoYasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University
Published: June 2021

An analysis of ultrasound scanning of patients with hepatic veins (HV) pathology in order to clarify sonographic signs of Budd-Chiari syndrome was performed at the premises of the Regional state budget health care facility “Regional Clinical Hospital” in the city of Krasnoyarsk. The occurrence rate of the syndrome in the population was 1:100,000. The patients showed diff erent combinations of sonographic signs. Stenosis (or occlusion) of HV was found in 8 (88.9 %) patients; thrombotic masses in vessel lumens were found in 2 (22.2 %) patients, HV architectonics was compromised in 9 (100 %) patients, HV wall irregularities were registered in 9 (100 %) patients and pylephlebitis symptoms were observed in 4 (44.4 %) patients. HV thrombosis is diagnosed through Doppler ultrasound with the possibility of HV permeability along its entire length and evaluation of perivascular hepatic parenchyma with dynamic control.
The use of prosthetic groups for synthesis of addressed RFLP molecules for positron emission tomography
Authors:   Tomsk Polytechnic University, Ozerskay A.V. , Belugin K.V. ,   Federal Siberian Scientific and Clinical Center of the Federal Medical and Biological Agency, Badmaev O.N. ,   Federal Siberian Scientific and Clinical Center of the Federal Medical and Biological Agency
Published: June 2021

The aim of the research. An intensive research is underway to create new methods for the synthesis of fl uorine-18 labeled radiopharmaceuticals. Th e aim of this work is to select iodoaliphatic carboxylic acids and esters for radiopharmaceuticals labeling. Material and methods. A simple way to obtain z-yodalifi c carbonic acids and complex esters from commercially available cyclic ketones has been developed. Automatic synthesis of 18F-fl uoroproprostatic groups and 18F fl uoride peptide agents is successfully carried out using new original materials and various purifi cation methods with solid phase cartridges Results. In further work, it is planned to use diff erent 18F-fl uoroproproprostatic groups for synthesis with various peptide agents. Conclusion. Based on these compounds 18F-fl uoroproproprostatic groups were synthesized. Octreotid as an analogue of somatostatin, the non-immunoglobulin-specifi c frame proteins (designed ankyrin repeat proteins) for targeted imaging of tumor cells hyperexpressing Her-2/neu, and prostate-specifi c membrane antigen (PSMA) inhibitor are signifi cant peptide agents.
Bullying in educational environment: causes, forms, prevention
Authors:   Yaroslavl State Pedagogical University n.a. K.D. Ushinsky, Talanov S.L.
Published: June 2021

Analyzed is the scale of bullying in educational institutions: schools and universities. The reasons, forms and the existing system of bullying prevention are studied. The most widespread in schools is verbal (ridicule, threats, humiliation, slander) and physical bullying; in universities, social (ignoring, exclusion from the group, theft, damage to the victim’s property) and verbal bullying are more widespread. It was found that students from families who belong to low resourced groups, more often during the school period became victims of verbal, social and physical bullying. It was revealed that girls more often than boys were a subject to verbal bullying during schooling. At the same time, it was found that girls from families that belong to the middle and low resourced groups were more often subjected to verbal bullying than girls from families that belong to the highly–resourced groups. Young men who are physically weak, to a greater extent than young men who are physically developed, are the instigators of verbal bullying at school. Young men from families that belong to highly-resourced groups are less likely than young men from families that belong to middle and low resource groups to be verbally bullied at school. Boys from families that belong to medium and low resourced groups more often than boys from families that belong to highly–resourced groups were the instigators of verbal bullying at school. It was found that boys, more often than girls, faced physical bullying at school. At the same time, it was revealed that young men from families that belong to highly–resourced groups, less often than young men from families that belong to middle and low resourced groups, faced physical bullying during their schooling. Young men, more often than girls, play the role of an aggressor in physical bullying at school. In addition, it was found that girls are more likely than boys to be the instigator of physical bullying at school. In addition, it was found that bullying in schools is more widespread than in universities. At the same time, it was revealed that verbal and social bullying in universities in comparison with schools is not widespread. Obviously, this is due to the fact that many bullying aggressors in school did not have the resources to enter universities, or did not have the desire to enter universities. In addition, bullying in universities is subject to expulsion (in addition to other types of liability). A person comes to school forcibly, in a university most often voluntarily. In other words, it can be assumed that the fear of being expelled is a kind of deterrent to the spread of bullying in universities. Measures are proposed to improve the effectiveness of bullying prevention in educational institutions.
Features of professional burnout of specialists in the sphere of state youth policy (example of Kurgan region)
Authors:   Kurgan State University, Luneva E.V. , Fomichev K.A. , Bryzgalova O.N. , Khripunov O.G.
Published: June 2021

Examined are features of professional burnout of specialists in the field of state youth policy in the Kurgan region. The paper presents results of the diagnosis of professional burnout on three subscales, i.e. “emotional exhaustion”, “depersonalization”, and “reduction of personal achievements”. Presented is comparative analysis of severity of the level of professional burnout by gender. Reasons for development of professional burnout among experienced and young professionals are identified. Recommendations for prevention of professional burnout syndrome of personnel working with young people are proposed.
Literature Review: Implementation of Patient Safety Goals in Hospitals in Indonesia
Authors: Larasati Andryani , Dhamanti Inge
Published: June 2021

Background: The implementation of a good patient safety system in the hospital aims to minimize and prevent patient safety incidents. The patient safety goals is a system that aims to encourage specific improvements in patient safety. Patient safety goals are actions that must be taken by the hospital to prevent patient safety incidents that can harm patients and the hospital. Purpose: Writing this review article aims to provide an overview of the implementation of patient safety goals in hospitals in Indonesia.Methods: The method used in this article is a literature review. Article searches were conducted through Google Scholar and Portal Garuda with the keywords "patient safety goals", "hospitals", and "Indonesia". Results: The total findings of the articles were 738, but only 11 articles matched the inclusion criteria. Based on 11 articles analyzed, only 2 articles showed that the implementation of all points in the patient safety goals in the hospital had reached the target and were in accordance with the standard. Conclusion: Low compliance of officers, unsupportive facilities and infrastructure, and low management commitment are some of the factors that have not yet optimalized the implementation of patient safety goals in the hospital. Therefore, it is necessary to improve technical assistance, supervision, and support for adequate facilities and infrastructure.Keywords: patient safety goals, patient safety incidents, hospital.
Problems and Dilemmas of the Next Start Treaty
Authors: Arbatov A.
Published: June 2021

Received 28.02.2021. In the end of January 2021, the New START Treaty was extended by five years by the United States and Russia. Thus, the two nuclear superpowers have time to work on the follow-on treaty not in a strategic vacuum, but relying on the valid treaty and its system of transparency and predictability. The promoters of abolishing negotiations on arms limitation and their substitution by amorphous multilateral discussions of “a general philosophy of strategic stability”, who have been highly active during recent years, have temporarily shied away, but probably not for long. The predictable difficulties of the forthcoming negotiations would be interpreted as the evidence of their impending doom, and this may turn into a self-fulfilling prophesy and once again deadlock the dialogue. During the previous decades, the development of the military technologies and new strategic concepts have changed strategic relationship of the parties. This was happening against the background of deteriorating political relations, a long pause of arms control negotiations and abrogation of a number of crucial disarmament treaties. Now the two sides have to catch up. Already it is possible to foresee the main differences of their positions. Washington is emphasizing deep reduction of the nuclear arms of the two superpowers – both strategic and tactical. Moscow has advanced a concept of “security equation”, which implies limitation of offensive and defensive arms – both nuclear and nonnuclear. There will be a great demand for strong political will and wisdom of the leaders of the two nations and of hard work and professionalism of civilian and military experts – in order to restore arms control, which has historically proved its effectiveness as a barrier in preventing nuclear war and as a stabilizer of turbulent world politics.
The Effect of Hand Pollination on the Yield of African Horned Cucumber (Cucumis metuliferus E. May. Ex Naudin) Grown under Protected Environments
Authors: Magwaza Nkosikhona Goodman , Maluleke Mdungazi Knox , Koopa Katlego Gustaff
Published: June 2021

Pollination is the process by which pollen grains are exchanged in plant flowers to allow for fertilisation and production to take place. However, challenges occur when crops are grown under protected structures where there are minimal activities of natural pollination agents such as wind and animals which are responsible for transferring pollen grains from the anther to the stigma. Therefore, the study objective was to determine the effect on hand pollination on the yield of African horned cucumber grown under greenhouse and shade net environment. A factorial experiment with two factors (hand pollinated and non-hand pollinated/control) was conducted under two different growing environments (greenhouse and shade net). African horned cucumber plants were hand self-pollinated in the morning. Pollen were manually transferred with a hand using the new earbud from the male to the female flowers on the same plant (selfing). Results showed that hand pollinated African horned cucumber plants increased total biomass from 0.93 to 2.23 kg under greenhouse environment. Hand pollinated plants increased harvest index from 0.07 to 0.35 under shade net environment. It can thus, be deduced that hand pollination increases African horned cucumber yield in the greenhouse and shade net environments.
User Interface Design Development on PT SAMUDERA INDONESIA Website Using Human Centered Design Method
Authors: Perdanakusuma Andi Reza , Renat Ade , Ramadhanti Zahrah Putri
Published: June 2021

Saat ini dunia sedang menghadapi pandemi COVID-19 yang tidak terduga dan tentunya dampak yang dirasakan pastinya sangat besar. Pemerintah Indonesia pun berusaha untuk membentuk kepanitiaan khusus untuk mengontrol penyebaran virus ini. Salah satu cara pemerintah mencegah penyebaran virus ini yaitu dengan menerapkan protokol social-distancing. Perkantoran pun mengimplementasikan protokol tersebut dengan cara melakukan work from home. Pada Samudera Indonesia Corporate University, terdapat sistem training program untuk karyawan PT. Samudera Indonesia. Sehubungan dengan hal tersebut, pihak perusahaan memutuskan untuk membentuk e-learning training program yang dapat memudahkan proses training program secara daring. Tim pengembang e-learning dipimpin oleh PT. Praweda Sarana Informatika, perusaahan teknologi informasi, yang merupakan anak perusahaan dari PT. Samudera Indonesia. PT. Praweda Sarana Informatika mempercayakan penulis untuk melakukan perancangan desain antarmuka website e-learning training program. Dalam proyek ini, tim penulis menggunakan metode User Centered Design (UCD), yang tahap penelitiannya terdiri dari memahami dan menentukan konteks pengguna, menentukan kebutuhan pengguna, merancang solusi design UI, dan pengujian hasil rancangan design UI. Adapun metode untuk melakukan evaluasinya yaitu menggunakan teknik kuesioner System Usability Scale (SUS) agar penilaian yang didapatkan dari pengguna keluar secara kuantitatif. Berdasarkan hasil yang telah didapatkan, skor pada tampilan antarmuka design tahap pertama yaitu sebesar 57.5, sementara skor yang didapatkan setelah dilakukan perbaikan yaitu sebesar 85.21.
Contribution of the Utilization Practical Facilities in School, Practice Guiding and Implementation on Productive Learning Outcomes and Work Readiness of Vocational School Students
Authors: Rochman Fatkhur , Waris Abdul
Published: June 2021

The Contribution of Optimizing the Practical Facilities in Schools, Internship Guidance, Internship Implementation Toward Vocational Students’ Productive Study Outcome and Work Readiness. This study aims to determine the contribution of optimizing the practical facilities in schools, internship guidance, internship implementation on productive study outcome and work readiness of students on skill study programs TKJ SMK in Lamongan District. This research is included in the type of quantitative research. The number of samples used is 170 students. Data collection for facility optimizing, internship guidance, internship implementation and work readiness is done by questionnaire, while for productive study result variable is done with value documentation. The analysis technique used in this research is path analysis. The results showed: 1) There is a significant contribution of optimizing the practical facilities in schools, internship guidance, and internship implementation toward productive study outcome of 24.7%; (2) There is a significant contribution of optimizing the practical facilities in schools, internship guidance, internship implementation and productive study outcome toward students' work readiness of 42.4%.
Comparación de la microdureza superficial de discos de resina acrílica de termocurado y autocurado en distintos periodos de tiempo
Authors: Carbajal Córdova Sarahí Paola , Huertas Mogollón Gustavo Augusto
Published: June 2021

Objetivo: Comparar la microdureza superficial de discos de acrílico de autocurado y termocurado en distintos periodos de tiempo. Metodología: Este estudio experimental, un ensayo en laboratorio in vitro, incluyó 80 discos de acrílico (Vitalloy), 40 de autocurado (A) y 40 de termocurado (T) divididos en 8 subgrupos: grupo control de autocurado GA0 (n = 10), grupo control de termocurado GT0 (n = 10), grupo de autocurado almancenado 1 día GA1 (n = 10), grupo de termocurado almacenado 1 día GT1 (n = 10), grupo de autocurado almacenado 7 días GA7 (n = 10), grupo de termocurado almacenado 7 días GT7 (n = 10), grupo de autocurado almacenado 21 días GA21 (n = 10), grupo de termocurado almacenado 21 días GT21 (n = 10); luego se evaluó la microdureza superficial Vickers de los discos de resina acrílica previamente almacenados en suero fisiológico en los distintos periodos de tiempo. Posteriormente, los datos fueron analizados estadísticamente mediante test de Anova y Tukey. El nivel de significancia estadística se tomó como p < 0,05. Resultados: Los valores encontrados fueron en el GT0 (20,45 ± 0,93 VHN); GA0 (16,25 ± 0,79 VHN); GT1 (20,08 ± 0,66 VHN); GA1 (15,97 ± 0,78 VHN); GT7 (19,57 ± 1,54 VHN); GA7 (14,33 ± 0,48 VHN); GT21 (19,17 ± 1,26 VHN); GA21 (14,64 ± 0,52 VHN), presentando diferencias estadísticamente significativas ambos grupos autocurado y termocurado (p < 0,001). Conclusión: Los grupos de resinas acrílicas de termocurado presentaron mejores valores de microdureza que los grupos de resinas acrílicas de autocurado en los distintos periodos de tiempo evaluados.
Prevalencia de trastornos temporomandibulares mediante el índice anamnésico simplificado de Fonseca en estudiantes de odontología de la Universidad Juárez del Estado de Durango, México
Authors: Solís-Martínez Luis Javier , Barajas-Pérez Víctor Hiram , Almeda-Ojeda Óscar Eduardo , Campuzano-Estrada Adán , Valles-Flores Karla Yareli , García-Torres Edgar
Published: June 2021

Objetivo. Estimar la prevalencia de trastornos temporomandibulares (TTM) en estudiantes de Odontología de la Universidad Juárez del Estado de Durango, México. Material y métodos. Se trata de un estudio descriptivo, observacional, prospectivo y transversal. El universo de estudio contempló a la población estudiantil de la Facultad de Odontología, de la Universidad Juárez del Estado de Durango (México). Se incluyeron alumnos que cursaron del 1.o al 8.o semestre durante el ciclo escolar 2018-A, con edades entre los 18 y 28 años, a quienes se les aplicó un instrumento (índice anamnésico simplificado de Fonseca) que permitió caracterizar los TTM. El tamaño de la muestra se determinó utilizando el software Epi InfoTM y se obtuvo un tamaño de muestra total de 263 individuos. Para describir los datos, se utilizó el paquete estadístico R Studio Team (2019). Resultados. La prevalencia total de TTM en la población estudiada fue del 63% y el TTM más prevalente fue el leve, con un 44%. La prueba Ji2 entre el sexo y el TTM muestra significancia estadística (p = 0,001), igual que entre el sexo y los ítems del índice simplificado de Fonseca: ítem 4 (p = 0,001), ítem 7 (p = 0,021), ítem 8 (p = 0,021), ítem 9 (0,001) y el ítem 10 (p = 0,001). Conclusiones. Existe una alta prevalencia de TTM en la población estudiantil de la Facultad de Odontología de la Universidad Juárez del Estado de Durango (México), y el sexo femenino tiene una relación con la presencia y la manifestación de síntomas en estos trastornos.
Prevalencia de trastornos del gusto en niños y adolescentes con infección por coronavirus: revisión sistemática
Authors: Borja-Villanueva Cesar Andrés , Bernuy-Torres Luis Alexis , Hernández-Romero Ivonne del Rocío , Huayaney-Velarde Zaré , Alvarado-Muñoz Erika Ruth
Published: June 2021

Objetivo: Determinar la prevalencia de trastornos del gusto en pacientes niños y adolescentes diagnosticados con infección por coronavirus, a través de la evidencia en la literatura científica. Materiales y métodos: Una revisión sistemática de los artículos publicados entre el 19 de diciembre del 2019 y el 20 de diciembre del 2020 en las bases de datos Medline, Lilacs, BVS, Cochrane, SCOPUS y ScienceDirect. La estrategia de búsqueda de información se basó en el diagrama de flujo clásico de PRISMA. Para la evaluación del riesgo de sesgo, se usó la escala Newcastle-Ottawa. Resultados: Se encontraron 443 artículos en seis bases de datos y se incluyó un total de 7 artículos después de la evaluación, según los criterios de selección. Los artículos abordaron la variable de trastornos del gusto en tres formas: ageusia, disgeusia e hipogeusia, y se halló que esta manifestación clínica estaba presente desde los inicios de la infección. Conclusiones: Se ha encontrado una prevalencia de trastornos del gusto en niños y adolescentes diagnosticados con infección por coronavirus desde un 3,3% hasta un 26,9%.
Pressure Sensitivity Improvement of Fiber Bragg Grating Sensor Using Cytop Fiber
Authors: Alshaikhli Zahraa , Alhasan Sarmad. F. H. , Numan Najwan. H. , Salim Evan. T.
Published: June 2021

Recent demand for using FBG as a pressure sensor in a different industrial application makes several types of research to be conducted to enhance the pressure sensitivity. This paper demonstrates a combination method to enhance pressure sensitivity. Firstly, in this work FBG with polymer fiber named perfluorinated monomer (CYTOP) was used with specific parameters. Secondly, this FBG was covered by a patch of thin polymer material. However, the strain, temperature, and pressure sensitivity were recorded and compared with bare silica FBG. The temperature effect was reduced by using the cascade FBG technique. By applying force on the grating and changing of refractive index; the Bragg wavelength was shifting, making the CYTOP FBG responds more efficiently than silica FBG. This responsivity was leading to an improvement in pressure sensitivity. Experimental results illustrate that the enhanced CYTOP FBG based pressure sensor achieves pressure sensitivity up to 93.5 pm/KPs with a resolution of 0.005 KPa, which was 1500 times higher than bare FBG. The advanced CYTOP FBG based pressure sensor can be functionalized in a technical application for instance, structural health monitoring, pressure of oil wells application, explosion wave, and prevention of erosion.
The Long-Term Effects of Invasive Earthworms on Plant Community Composition and Diversity in a Hardwood Forest in Northern Minnesota
Authors: Alexander Genevieve , Almendinger John , White Peter
Published: June 2021

Non-native European earthworms are invading hardwood forests in the Chippewa National Forest, MN. We applied a model using historic O-horizon soil thickness to classify 41 hardwood sites in the Chippewa National Forest as “long-term wormed” (wormed during the 1989-1996 and 2017 sampling period), “short-term wormed” (unwormed during the 1989-1996 sampling period and wormed in the 2017 sampling period), or “unwormed” (unwormed during the 1989-1996 and 2017 sampling period). We found that graminoids, especially Carex pensylvanica , had the greatest abundance in sites that had been wormed for over two decades. The families with the greatest negative change in percent cover after over two decades of earthworm invasion were Asteraceae, Violaceae, and Sapindaceae (specifically Acer species). Across all diversity metrics measured, long-term wormed sites had the lowest understory plant species diversity, short-term wormed sites had intermediate diversity, and unwormed sites exhibited the highest diversity. Long-term wormed sites had the lowest species richness at both small and large scales (1 to 1024m 2 ). The greatest within-group compositional dissimilarity occurred at sites that had been wormed for over two decades, indicating that compositional changes in plant communities are still occurring more than two decades since invasion. Sites that had been wormed for over two decades did not appear to have reached a compositionally similar end-state “wormed” community type. If results of this study are indicative of future trends as earthworms become established, it can be expected that understory diversity will decrease as hardwood forest stands become wormed over time.
Well-Being of Canadian Veterans during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Cross-Sectional Results from the COVID-19 Veteran Well-Being Study
Authors: Richardson J. Don , Cyr Kate St. , Forchuk Callista , Liu Jenny JW , Plouffe Rachel A. , Le Tri , Gargala Dominic , Deda Erisa , Soares Vanessa , Hosseiny Fardous , Smith Patrick , Dupuis Gabrielle , Roth Maya , Bridgen Andrew , Marlborough Michelle , Jetly Rakesh , Heber Alexandra , Lanius Ruth , Nazarov Anthony
Published: June 2021

Background
The impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic have disproportionally affected different population groups. Veterans are more likely to have pre-existing mental health conditions compared to the general Canadian population, experience compounded stressors resulting from disruptions to familial, social, and occupational domains, and were faced with changes in healthcare delivery (e.g., telehealth). The objectives of this study are to assess (a) the mental health impact of COVID-19 and related life changes on the mental health of Veterans and (b) perceptions of and satisfaction with changes in healthcare treatments and delivery during the pandemic.
Methods
A total of 1139 Canadian Veterans were recruited to participate in an online survey. Participants completed questions pertaining to their mental health and well-being, lifestyle changes, and concerns relating to the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as experiences and satisfaction with healthcare treatments during the pandemic.
Results
Results showed that 55.9% of respondents reported worse mental health functioning compared to before the pandemic. Frequency of probable posttraumatic stress disorder, major depressive disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, alcohol use disorder, and suicidal ideation were 34.2%, 35.3%, 26.8%, 13.0%, and 22.0%, respectively. Between 39.0% and 53.0% of respondents attributed their symptoms as either directly related to or exacerbated by the pandemic. Approximately 18% of respondents reported using telehealth for mental health services during the pandemic, and among those, 73.0% indicated a choice to use telehealth even after the pandemic.
Conclusions
This study found that most Veterans experienced worsening mental health as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. The use of telehealth services was widely endorsed by mental health treatment-seeking Veterans who transitioned to virtual care during the pandemic. Our findings have important clinical and program administrator implications, emphasizing the need to reach out to support veterans, especially those with pre-existing mental health conditions and to enhance and maintain virtual care even post pandemic.
Global Trends and Status in Bioenergy Research During the Years 2000-2020: a Systematic Analysis
Authors: Sabour Mohammad Reza , Sadeghi-Sheshdeh Amin , Mohammadi Fateme , Amiri Ehsan Asheghian
Published: June 2021

The escalation of energy consumption and the issues arising from the use of fossil fuels have drawn attention towards sustainable energy sources. Bioenergy is a sustainable energy source that can help accomplish the goals of sustainable development. Aimed at the bibliometric analysis of articles on bioenergy, this study explored a total of 16,773 articles published in the Scopus database from 2000 to 2020. The cooperation of the authors and countries was established and studied by using social network analysis based on co-authorship. Also, to check the hot topics, the keywords and their interrelations were assessed based on co-occurrences. Additionally, the interrelationship of the keyword clusters was studied. The relevant research institutions, sponsors, and journals were addressed as other dimensions. The research showed that although the United States is the pioneer, China has made extensive investments and has put a special focus on bioenergy. As expected, the keyword ‘biomass’ is most repeated followed by ‘microbial fuel cells’ in the next place. The greatest growth was related to the keywords of ‘microbial fuel cell’, ‘anaerobic digestion’, and ‘biogas’. On the other hand, ‘biochar’ had the newest among the 25 most repeated keywords. This research would help researchers to develop bioenergy by identifying the most recent interesting topics and their interrelations.
Characterization of Diarrheagenic Escherichia Coli Strains Isolated from Slaughtered Sheep in México
Authors: Acosta-Dibarrat Jorge , Enriquez-Gómez Edgar , Talavera-Rojas Martín , Soriano-Vargas Edgardo , Navarro Armando , Morales-Espinosa Rosario
Published: June 2021

The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Distribution and Source Determination of Rare Earth Elements in Sediment Collected From The Continental Shelf Off Hainan Island, China
Authors: Cai Pengjie , Cai Guanqiang , Li Xuejie , Chen Xin , Lin Jie , Li Shun , Li Zhao
Published: June 2021

Contents of rare earth elements (REEs), major elements and the Total Organic Carbon (TOC) were determined for 152 surface sediment samples collected from the continental shelf off Hainan Island (CSHI). From high to low, the average contents of REEs were: Ce > La > Nd > Pr > Sm > Gd > Dy > Er > Yb > Eu > Ho > Tb > Tm > Tm. The concentrations of REEs in the north of the study area were higher than in the south. The LREE concentrations in the south were higher than in the north. This resulted higher values for the LREE/HREE ratio in the south than in the north. The mean EF could be arranged from highest to lowest as follows: Tm > Sm > Pr > Er > La > Lu > Ce > Tb > Eu > Nd > Yb > Gd > Ho > Dy. The enrichment factor (EF) indicates that pollution as a result of human activity was more serious in the southeast of the study area than in the north. The factors affecting the REE concentrations in this area include naturally occurring minerals and industrial pollution. Based on the spatial variation of upper continental crust (UCC)-normalized REE concentrations, the CSHI was classified into three geochemical provinces. The sediment of province I was controlled by the Red and Pearl rivers. The composition of the province II is mainly controlled by the Red River and the Pearl River, although some sediments have originated from the South China Sea Island. Province III sediments mainly originated from sources on Hainan Island.
Facilitating the design of combination therapy for cancer using
multipartite network models: Emphasis on acute myeloid
leukaemia
Authors: Jafari Mohieddin , Mirzaie Mehdi , Bao Jie , Barneh Farnaz , Zheng Shuyu , Eriksson Johanna , Tang Jing
Published: June 2021

From the drug discovery perspective, combination therapy is recommended for cancer treatment due to its efficiency and safety compared to the common cytotoxic and single-targeted monotherapies. However, identifying effective drug combinations is time-and cost-consuming. Here, we offer a novel strategy for predicting potential drug combinations and patient subclasses by constructing multipartite networks using drug-response data on patient samples. In this study, we used Beat AML and GDSC, two comprehensive datasets based on patient-derived and cell line-based samples, to show the potential of multipartite network modelling in combinatorial cancer therapy. We used the median values of cell viability to compare drug potency and reconstruct a weighted bipartite network that models the interaction of drugs and biological samples. Then, clusters of network communities were identified in two projected networks based on the topological structure of the networks. Chemical structures, drug-target networks, protein– protein interactions, and signalling networks were used to corroborate the intra-cluster homogeneity. We further leveraged the community structures within the drug-based multipartite networks to discover effective multi-targeted drug combinations and synergy levels, which were supported with more evidence using the DrugComb and ALMANAC databases. Furthermore, we confirmed the potency of selective combinations of drugs against monotherapy in in vitro experiments using three acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) cell lines. Taken together, this study presents an innovative data-driven strategy based on multipartite networks to suggest potential drug combinations to improve AML treatment.
Optimum parameters for humic acid removal and power production by Al–air fuel cell electrocoagulation in synthetic wastewater
Authors: Wei Wei , Gong Haoyang , Sheng Lin , Zhou Dong , Zhu Shuguang
Published: June 2021

Although humic acid (HA) is a complex natural organic matter, it can potentially harm the environment and human health. In this study, aluminum–air fuel cell electrocoagulation (AAFCEC) was used to remove HAs from water while generating electricity. This device can generate electricity from the anodic oxidation of aluminum without an external power source as well produce an aluminum coagulant. Operating parameters, namely initial pH, electrolyte concentration, and HA concentration, were analyzed to determine the optimal power generation and removal efficiency. Al–Ferron complexation timed spectrophotometry was used to determine the Al speciation distribution in the solution. The power density of the cell reached 313.47 mW/cm2 for the following conditions: 1 g/L NaCl concentration, 3 cm electrode distance, 20 Ω external resistor, and pH 9. And after about an hour electrolysis, the optimum removal rate of HA was above 99%. The results demonstrate that the AAFCEC is an efficient and eco-friendly water treatment process, and it could be further developed and disseminated in the rural areas and households.
Deciphering Novel SARS CoV-2 specific Disease Pathways from RNA Sequencing Data of COVID-19 Infected A549 Cells and Potential Therapeutics using Next Generation Knowledge Discovery Platforms
Authors: Pushparaj Peter Natesan , Damiati Laila Abdullah , Denetiu Luliana , Bakhashab Sherin , Asif Muhammad , Hussain Abrar , Ahmed Sagheer , Hamdard Mohammed Hammid , Rasool Mahmood
Published: June 2021

BackgroundThe coronavirus (CoV) disease identified in Wuhan, China in 2019 (COVID-19) was chiefly characterized by atypical pneumonia and severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and caused by SARS CoV-2 that belongs to the family Coronaviridae. COVID-19 symptoms vary from a mild cold to more severe illnesses such as SARS, thrombosis, stroke, organ failure, and in some patients even cause mortality. Deciphering the underlying disease mechanisms is pivotal for the identification and development of COVID-19 specific drugs for effective treatment and prevent human-to-human transmission, disease complications, and mortality. Methodology: Here, the Next Generation RNA Sequencing (RNA Seq) data using Illumina Next Seq 500 from SARS CoV-infected A549 cells and mock-treated A549 cells, were obtained from the gene expression omnibus (GEO) (GSE147507) and the Quality Control (QC) were evaluated using the CLC Genomics Workbench 20.0 (Qiagen, USA) before the RNA Seq analysis. The DEGs were imported into BioJupies to analyze to decipher COVID-19 induced biological, molecular, and cellular processes, pathways, and small molecules derived from chemical synthesis or natural sources to mimic or reverse COVID-19-specific gene signatures. Besides, we have used the iPathwayGuide (Advaita Bioinformatics USA) to identify COVID-19 specific pathways, biological, molecular, and cellular processes, and “druggable” candidates for future therapy. Results: 141 DEGs were identified out of a total of 9665 DEGs obtained from BioJupies analysis of the RNASeq reads of the SARS CoV infected A549 cells and mock-treated A549 cells based on a p-value cut off (0.05) and a fold change cut off 1.5.Conclusion: In conclusion, the present study unravels a novel approach of using next-generation knowledge discovery platforms to discover specific drugs for the amelioration of COVID-19 related disease pathologies.
SLC6A14 Modulates Lung Disease Severity in Cystic Fibrosis and Affects mTOR Phosphorylation and Bronchial Epithelial Repair
Authors: Mercier Julia , Calmel Claire , Mésinèle Julie , Sutanto Erika , Merabtene Fatiha , Longchampt Elisabeth , Sage Edouard , Kicic Anthony , Boëlle Pierre-Yves , Corvol Harriet , Ruffin Manon , Guillot Loic
Published: June 2021

Cystic fibrosis (CF), due to variants in CFTR gene, is associated with chronic infection/inflammation responsible for airway epithelium alteration and lung function decline. Modifier genes induce phenotype variability between people with CF (pwCF) carrying the same CFTR variants. Among these, the gene encoding for the amino acid transporter SLC6A14 has been associated with lung disease severity and age of primary airway infection by the bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa. In this study, we investigated whether the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs3788766, located within SLC6A14 promoter, is associated with lung disease severity in a large French cohort of pwCF. We also studied the consequences of this SNP on SLC6A14 promoter activity and the role of SLC6A14 in mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway and airway epithelial repair. We confirm that SLC6A14 SNP rs3788766 is associated with lung disease severity in pwCF (p=0.020; n=3,257, pancreatic insufficient, aged 6 to 40 years old), with the minor allele G being deleterious. In bronchial epithelial cell lines deficient for CFTR, SLC6A14 promoter activity is reduced in the presence of the rs3788766 G allele. SLC6A14 inhibition with a specific pharmacological blocker reduced 3H-arginine transport, mTOR phosphorylation and bronchial epithelial repair rates in wound healing assays. In conclusion, SLC6A14 rs3788766 G allele is associated with lower lung function in pwCF. SLC6A14, whose transcriptional promoter activity varies according to rs3788766 genotype, is involved in mTOR signaling and bronchial epithelial repair. This study suggests that SLC6A14 might influence CF lung phenotype via mTOR and epithelial repair mechanisms modulation.
Postnatal lymph node expansion of stromal progenitors towards reticular and CD34+ stromal cell subsets is determined by distinct transcriptional programs
Authors: Pezoldt Joern , Wiechrs Carolin , Litovchenko Maria , Biočanin Marjan , Zou Mangge , Sitnik Katarzyna , Beckstette Michael , Chen Wanze , Gardeux Vincent , Floess Stefan , Ebel Maria , Russeil Julie , Arampatzi Panagiota , Vafardanejad Ehsan , Saliba Antoine-Emmanuel , Deplancke Bart , Huehn Jochen
Published: June 2021

Gut-draining mesenteric lymph nodes (mLN) provide the framework and microenvironment to shape intestinal adaptive immune responses. We previously delineated transcriptional signatures in LN stromal cells (SC), pointing to tissue-specific variability in composition and immuno-modulatory function of SCs.
Here, we dissect the tissue-specific epigenomic DNA accessibility and CpG methylation landscape of LN non-endothelial SCs and identify a microbiota-independent core epigenomic signature of LN SCs. By combined analysis of transcription factor (TF) binding sites together with the gene expression profiles of non-endothelial SCs, we delineated TFs poising skin-draining peripheral LN (pLN) SCs for pro-inflammatory responses. Furthermore, using scRNA-seq, we dissected the developmental trajectory of mLN SCs derived from postnatal to aged mice, identifying two distinct putative progenitors, namely CD34+SC and fibroblastic reticular stromal cell (FRC) progenitors, which both feed the rapid postnatal LN expansion. Finally, we identified Irf3 as a key differentiation TF inferred from the epigenomic signature of mLN SCs that is dynamically expressed along the differentiation trajectories of FRCs, and validated Irf3 as a regulator of Cxcl9+ FRC differentiation.
Together, our data constitute a comprehensive transcriptional and epigenomic map of mLN development and dissect location-specific, microbiota-independent properties of mLN non-endothelial SCs. As such, our findings represent a valuable resource to identify core transcriptional regulators that impinge on the developing mLN early in life, thereby shaping long-lasting intestinal adaptive immune responses.
Effects Of Early-Stage Blood Pressure Variability On The Functional Outcome In Acute Ischemic Stroke Patients With Symptomatic Intracranial Arterial Stenosis Or Occlusion Receiving Intravenous Thrombolysis
Authors: Yao Mian-Xuan , Qiu Dong-Hai , Zhao Jiang-Hao , Yin Han-Peng , Liu Yong-Lin , Chen Yang-Kun
Published: June 2021

Background: Studies exploring on the relationship between blood pressure fluctuations and outcome in acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients treated with intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) are limited. We aimed to investigate the influence of blood pressure variability (BPV) during the first 24 hours after IVT on neurological deterioration (END) and 3-month outcome after IVT in patients with symptomatic intracranial arterial stenosis or occlusion (SIASO).Methods: Clinical data from consecutive AIS patients with SIASO who received IVT were retrospectively analyzed. The hourly systolic BP of all patients were recorded during the first 24 hours following IVT. We calculated three syslolic BPV parameters including coefficient of variability (CV), standard deviation of mean BP (SD) and successive variation (SV). The SV was categorized into four grades based on quartiles. The END was defined as neurological deterioration with an increase in the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score ≥ 4 points within the first 72 hours after admission. Follow-ups was performed at 90 days after onset were performed, and favorable and poor outcome were defined as a modified Rankin Scale scores of ≤1 or ≥2, respectively.Results: A total of 110 patients were included, with a mean age of 62.0 ± 12.5 years. 86 patients (78.2%) were male. Twenty patients (18.2%) experienced END, and 37 patients (33.6%) had a favorable outcome. Compared with patients with in the poor outcome group, age ([64.8 ± 10.9] vs [56.7 ± 13.8]), NIHSS on admission (11.0 [7.0 -16.0] vs 6.0 [3.5 - 9.0]), SV ([14.5 ± 4.3] vs [11.8 ± 3.2]) and SD ([12.7 ± 3.8] vs [10.9 ± 3.3]) were lower in the favorable outcome group (all p < 0.05). No BPV parameters were associated with END. In the multivariable logistic regression analysis, compared with the lowest SV (SV<25% quartile), SV50%-75% (odds rato [OR] = 4.449, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.231-16.075, p = 0.023) and SV>75% (OR = 8.676, 95% CI = 1.892-39.775, p = 0.005) were significantly associated with poor outcome at 3 months. Conclusions: SV had a negative relationship with the 3-month outcome in AIS patients with SIASO treated with IVT, indicating that BPV may affect the outcome of AIS.
The Water Incident Database (WAID) 2012 to 2019: A Systematic Evaluation of the Documenting of UK Drownings
Authors: Hills Samuel , Hobbs Matthew , Tipton Michael , Barwood Martin
Published: June 2021

Background. Death by drowning is a leading cause of accidental death in the United Kingdom (UK) and worldwide. The World Health Organization (WHO) states that effective documentation of drowning is required to describe drowning frequency and to underpin effective drowning prevention intervention, thus improving the quality of data describing drowning frequency represents a key initiative. The water incident database (WAID) has been used to document UK fatal and non-fatal water-based incidents since 2009. WAID has not undergone a systematic evaluation of its data or data collection procedures to establish if the database meets the WHO requirements. The present study investigated the characteristics of UK fatal drowning incidents and audited current WAID data capture procedures. Methods. Data for the fatal drowning cases recorded between 2012 and 2019 were reviewed. Summary statistics were produced to describe the prevalence of UK drownings and a two-phase blind audit was conducted to establish a) the completeness of each of the 22 WAID fields (i.e., columns) and b) the reliability of data entry processes by reviewing written data sources originally used to populate WAID. Results. A total of 5,501 fatalities were recorded between 2012-2019. Drowning was most frequent amongst males aged 35 to 60 years (n=1,346), whilst suspected accidents and suicides accounted for 44% and 35% of fatalitie. Suicide by drowning was at a peak in the most recent year of data analysed (i.e., 2019; 279 cases) highlighting an urgent need for targeted intervention. Audit phase one indicated that 16% of all fields were incomplete, thus indicating potential redundancy, duplication, or the need for onward review. Phase two indicated high levels of agreement (80±12%) between audited cases and the ‘true’ WAID entries. Conclusions. This study confirms WAID as a rigorous, transparent and effective means of documenting UK drownings thereby meeting WHO requirements for data quality. Such findings allow researchers and policy makers to use WAID to further investigate UK drowning with a view to improving public safety measures and drowning prevention interventions; our work these data is ongoing. Observations alongside several expert recommendations proposed in this manuscript have informed a revised version of the WAID database.