bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
KEABSAHAN PERJANJIAN PINJAM NAMA ANTARA WARGA NEGARA ASING TERHADAP WARGA NEGARA INDONESIA
Authors: Ismi Putri Oriza Imanda Pratama , Ulfatun Najicha Fatma
Published: February 2022

This study aims to analyze the legal provisions in the regulations regarding the nominee agreement and the form of sanctions given to the notary making the nominee agreement deed that is contrary to the UUPA. This type of research is normative juridical and the approach method used is the statutory approach. The results of this study are that the nominee  agreement between foreign citizen and Indonesian citizen does not meet the objective requirements for the validity of the agreement, because it does not contain a lawful cause. This is because this agreement was made to do things that are prohibited by law. Foreign nationals do not have ownership rights to land in Indonesia, but only have usufructuary rights to land. This has been regulated in Article 42 of the UUPA. In relation to the notary making the deed of the nominee agreement which is contrary to the UUPA, then administratively, the notary has violated article 16 paragraph (1) letter d of the UUJN, so that it can be subject to sanctions in the form of verbal warning, written warning, temporary dismissal, respectful dismissal, or dishonorable dismissal.
HAK AHLI WARIS PEKERJA MENINGGAL DUNIA DALAM HUKUM KETENAGAKERJAAN DI INDONESIA (ANALISIS PUTUSAN PHI PADA PN SURABAYA NOMOR 74/G/2014/PHI.SBY JO. PUTUSAN MA RI NO. 225 K/PDT.SUS PHI/2015)
Authors: Madjid Neni Vesna , Afrinal Afrinal
Published: February 2022

Meninggalnya pekerja maka berakhir pula hubungan kerja dengan sendiri atau dikenal dengan Pemutusan Hubungan Kerja demi hukum. Konsekwensi dari meninggalnya pekerja, ada hak ahli waris yang diterima. Dalam tulisan ini penulis membahas hak waris pekerja yang meninggal dunia mulai dari ketentuan yang ada di pasal 1603 j KUPerda dan ketentuan Pasal 1601 y KUHPerdata. Lebih lanjut ketentuan Pasal 61 UU No. 13 tahun 2003 Tentang Ketenagakerjaan begitu juga dalam ketentuan UU No. 166 UU No. 13 tahun 2003 Tentang Ketenagakerjaan. Namun lahirnya UU No. 11 tahun 2020 tentang Cipta Kerja, menghapus ketentuan Pasal 166 UU No. 13 tahun 2003 Tentang Ketenagakerjaan, dan memuat subtansi Pasal 166 UU No. 13 tahun 2003 , dalam ketentuan Pasal 57 Peraturan Pemerintah Republik Indonesia (PP) Nomor 35 Tahun 2021 tentang Perjanjian Kerja Waktu Tertentu, Alih daya, Waktu Kerja dan Waktu Istirahat, dan Pemutusan Hubungan Kerja yang merupakan peraturan pelaksana UU Ciptaker. Penulis juga melakukan analisis terhadap penerapan hak ahliwaris yang meninggal dunia berdasarkan putusan PHI pada PN Surabaya Nomor 74/G/2014/PHI.Sby jo.Putusan MA RI No. 225 K/Pdt.Sus PHI/2015)
miRNAs expression pattern and machine learning models elucidate risk for gastric GIST
Authors: Stefanou Ioannis K. , Dovrolis Nikolas , Gazouli Maria , Theodorou Dimitrios , Zografos Georgios K. , Toutouzas Konstantinos G.
Published: February 2022

BACKGROUND: Gatrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are the main mesenchymal tumors found in the gastrointestinal system. GISTs clinical phenotypes differ significantly and their molecular basis is not yet completely known. microRNAs (miRNAs) have been involved in carcinogenesis pathways by regulating gene expression at post-transcriptional level. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present study was to elucidate the expression profiles of miRNAs relevant to gastric GIST carcinogenesis, and to identify miRNA signatures that can discriminate the GIST from normal cases. METHODS: miRNA expression was tested by miScript™miRNA PCR Array Human Cancer PathwayFinder kit and then we used machine learning in order to find a miRNA profile that can predict the risk for GIST development. RESULTS: A number of miRNAs were found to be differentially expressed in GIST cases compared to healthy controls. Among them the hsa-miR-218-5p was found to be the best predictor for GIST development in our cohort. Additionally, hsa-miR-146a-5p, hsa-miR-222-3p, and hsa-miR-126-3p exhibit significantly lower expression in GIST cases compared to controls and were among the top predictors in all our predictive models. CONCLUSIONS: A machine learning classification approach may be accurate in determining the risk for GIST development in patients. Our findings indicate that a small number of miRNAs, with hsa-miR218-5p as a focus, may strongly affect the prognosis of GISTs.
Radiomics model of 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging for predicting disease-free survival of early-stage uterine cervical squamous cancer
Authors: Liu Shuai , Li Ruikun , Liu Qiufang , Sun Dazheng , Yang Hongxing , Pan Herong , Wang Lisheng , Song Shaoli
Published: February 2022

BACKGROUND: To explore an effective predictive model based on PET/CT radiomics for the prognosis of early-stage uterine cervical squamous cancer. METHODS: Preoperative PET/CT data were collected from 201 uterine cervical squamous cancer patients with stage IB-IIA disease (FIGO 2009) who underwent radical surgery between 2010 and 2015. The tumor regions were manually segmented, and 1318 radiomic features were extracted. First, model-based univariate analysis was performed to exclude features with small correlations. Then, the redundant features were further removed by feature collinearity. Finally, the random survival forest (RSF) was used to assess feature importance for multivariate analysis. The prognostic models were established based on RSF, and their predictive performances were measured by the C-index and the time-dependent cumulative/dynamics AUC (C/D AUC). RESULTS: In total, 6 radiomic features (5 for CT and 1 for PET) and 6 clinicopathologic features were selected. The radiomic, clinicopathologic and combination prognostic models yielded C-indexes of 0.9338, 0.9019 and 0.9527, and the mean values of the C/D AUC (mC/D AUC) were 0.9146, 0.8645 and 0.9199, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: PET/CT radiomics could achieve approval power in predicting DFS in early-stage uterine cervical squamous cancer.
Predicting pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma using artificial intelligence analysis of pre-diagnostic computed tomography images
Authors: Qureshi Touseef Ahmad , Gaddam Srinivas , Wachsman Ashley Max , Wang Lixia , Azab Linda , Asadpour Vahid , Chen Wansu , Xie Yibin , Wu Bechien , Pandol Stephen Jacob , Li Debiao
Published: February 2022

BACKGROUND: Early stage diagnosis of Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is challenging due to the lack of specific diagnostic biomarkers. However, stratifying individuals at high risk of PDAC, followed by monitoring their health conditions on regular basis, has the potential to allow diagnosis at early stages. OBJECTIVE: To stratify high risk individuals for PDAC by identifying predictive features in pre-diagnostic abdominal Computed Tomography (CT) scans. METHODS: A set of CT features, potentially predictive of PDAC, was identified in the analysis of 4000 raw radiomic parameters extracted from pancreases in pre-diagnostic scans. The naïve Bayes classifier was then developed for automatic classification of CT scans of the pancreas with high risk for PDAC. A set of 108 retrospective CT scans (36 scans from each healthy control, pre-diagnostic, and diagnostic group) from 72 subjects was used for the study. Model development was performed on 66 multiphase CT scans, whereas external validation was performed on 42 venous-phase CT scans. RESULTS: The system achieved an average classification accuracy of 86% on the external dataset. CONCLUSIONS: Radiomic analysis of abdominal CT scans can unveil, quantify, and interpret micro-level changes in the pre-diagnostic pancreas and can efficiently assist in the stratification of high risk individuals for PDAC.
Applications of artificial intelligence (AI) in ovarian cancer, pancreatic cancer, and image biomarker discovery
Authors: Mikdadi Dina , O’Connell Kyle A. , Meacham Philip J. , Dugan Madeleine A. , Ojiere Michael O. , Carlson Thaddeus B. , Klenk Juergen A.
Published: February 2022

BACKGROUND: Artificial intelligence (AI), including machine learning (ML) and deep learning, has the potential to revolutionize biomedical research. Defined as the ability to “mimic” human intelligence by machines executing trained algorithms, AI methods are deployed for biomarker discovery. OBJECTIVE: We detail the advancements and challenges in the use of AI for biomarker discovery in ovarian and pancreatic cancer. We also provide an overview of associated regulatory and ethical considerations. METHODS: We conducted a literature review using PubMed and Google Scholar to survey the published findings on the use of AI in ovarian cancer, pancreatic cancer, and cancer biomarkers. RESULTS: Most AI models associated with ovarian and pancreatic cancer have yet to be applied in clinical settings, and imaging data in many studies are not publicly available. Low disease prevalence and asymptomatic disease limits data availability required for AI models. The FDA has yet to qualify imaging biomarkers as effective diagnostic tools for these cancers. CONCLUSIONS: Challenges associated with data availability, quality, bias, as well as AI transparency and explainability, will likely persist. Explainable and trustworthy AI efforts will need to continue so that the research community can better understand and construct effective models for biomarker discovery in rare cancers.
Global Climate Change Action as a Jus Cogens Norm: Some Legal Reflections on the Emerging Evidence
Authors: Marmolejo Cervantes Miguel Ángel , Roeben Volker , Solís Lisa Reilly
Published: February 2022

This article analyzes the possibility of environmental obligations acquiring the status of jus cogens (peremptory) norms from six perspectives, namely, domestic legislation of States, national judicial decisions, academia and international organizations, United Nations documents and initiatives, treaties and international State practice, and international tribunals. Additionally, it is argued that the economic and political interests surrounding the military and fossil fuel industries and the vast resources dedicated to them hinder the world’s climate change efforts. Thus, the article presents two research questions. First, what are the possibilities of environmental obligations becoming peremptory norms of international law? Second, if these obligations currently do not meet the requirements to be recognized as jus cogens, what would be required for them to obtain this status?
A method for balancing a multi-labeled biomedical dataset
Authors: Mukhin A.V. , Kilbas I.A. , Paringer R.A. , Ilyasova N. Yu. , Kupriyanov A.V.
Published: February 2022

In this paper, we propose a data balancing method for multi-label biomedical data. The method can be applied in the case of semantic segmentation problems for balancing the corresponding image data. The proposed method performs oversampling of instances of minority classes in a way that increases the frequencies of appearance (a ratio of number of samples, containing this class, over the total number of samples in the dataset) of minority classes in the data, thereby reducing the class imbalance. The effectiveness of the proposed method is shown experimentally by applying it to two highly unbalanced biomedical image datasets. A convolutional neural network (CNN) was trained on several versions of those datasets: one balanced with the proposed method, another balanced with manual oversampling and an unbalanced version. The results of the experiments validate the effectiveness of the proposed method, proving that it allows the influence of class imbalance on the learning algorithm to be reduced, thus improving its original classification results for most of the classes. Apart from biomedical image data, the proposed method was applied to several common multi-label datasets. Inherently, the proposed method does not make any assumptions about the underlying structure of the data to be balanced; therefore, it can be applied to all types of data (vectors, images, etc.) that can be described in a multi-label framework. It also can be used in conjunction with any learning algorithm that is suitable for multi-label data. To illustrate its wider applicability, a series of experiments was conducted using seven common multi-label datasets. An experimental comparison to existing multi-label data balancing approaches is provided, as well. The experimental results show that the proposed method presents a competitive alternative to existing approaches.
Upper extremity field tests and isokinetic shoulder internal and external strength and power in sports active males
Authors: Van Haele Thomas , Moerman L. , Duvigneaud N. , Van Tiggelen D.
Published: February 2022

BACKGROUND: In order to guide sports active subjects with musculoskeletal (MSK) shoulder dysfunctions it is essential to have precise insights of possible weak links in the kinetic chain of their shoulder girdle with access to reference data. Equally, it is uncertain whether so-called functional shoulder strength tests are complementary to an isokinetic shoulder strength test. OBJECTIVE: To establish reference values and to clarify the relationship between two upper extremity field tests – the Scapular Muscle Endurance test (SME) and the Closed Kinetic Chain Upper Extremity Stability Test (CKCUEST) and the isokinetic strength test of the shoulder internal (IR) and external rotators (ER). METHODS: Seventy-six male sport active men performed the CKCUEST, the SME, and underwent a bilateral isokinetic strength test to establish reference values of the isokinetic shoulder relative to body mass Peak Moment (PM/kg) and Power (Power/kg) for the IR and ER. A mixed-design ANOVA calculated possible side-to-side differences and one-way ANOVA was applied for eventually age group differences. Additionally, the relationship between the three tests was examined with a Spearman rank-order correlation coefficient. RESULTS: No significant correlations were indicated between the SME and the criterion isokinetic test and between the SME and CKCUEST. CONCLUSIONS: The main outcome parameters in this study warrant individual assessment as they measure different constructs, leading to a diverse profile of the shoulder.
Data repeatability for the Cosmed K4 b2 portable metabolic cart during non-steady state exercise
Authors: Patel Neel L. , Colborn Chris E. , Dichiara Elisabeth J. , Caruso John F.
Published: February 2022

BACKGROUND: Portable metabolic carts are a popular tool to assess aerobic capacity and affirm many cardiorespiratory conditions. They may also measure strength training performance. Given their popularity and increased usage to assess strength training performance; their data accuracy and consistency are important to determine. OBJECTIVE: Measure Cosmed K4 b2 portable metabolic cart data repeatability from consecutive seated calf press workouts. METHODS: Fifteen women and twelve men did two workouts that began with a stationary cycling warm-up followed by calf presses. Gases were measured before the calf press portion of workouts to establish baseline VO2 and VCO2 values, as well as continually throughout and after the calf press protocol. Subjects were detached from the cart once gas values returned to baseline after workouts concluded. In addition to VO2 and VCO2, repeatability was quantified for: breaths per minute, tidal volume, ventilation, O2 uptake relative to body mass, expired O2 and CO2 fractions, percent fat and carbohydrate utilization, METS and total energy cost. Mean and peak values per variable were analyzed. Repeatability was assessed separately for male and female data, as well as with values pooled, by the following: intraclass correlation coefficients, eta squared, limits of agreement, coefficient of variation and smallest real difference percent. RESULTS: Per variable, repeatability values across workouts were low. Female intraclass correlation coefficient mean values were more repeatable for variables related to gas measurements, yet male data were generally more repeatable for those related to substrate usage. CONCLUSIONS: Results for some repeatability indices were influenced by measurement magnitude. Peak values were predictably less repeatable than those for mean values. Most smallest real differences percent scores are so high they were rendered irrelevant or meaningless to determine true differences among paired values. Results suggest low data repeatability that are likely appropriate and realistic for the exercise protocol, hardware and intensity examined.
Distribution Patterns of Inner Shelf Benthic Foraminifera and Their Relationship to Climatic Conditions in Northeastern Tamil Nadu, India
Authors: Stephen Pitchainmani V. , Babu Ganesh , Selvam S. , Venkatramanan S.
Published: February 2022

The present study, involving investigations of recent foraminifera from the sediments of the inner shelf off Nagapattinam on the southeast coast of India, was undertaken to document the composition, distribution, and ecology of the foraminifera and their relationship to the climatic conditions of the study area. Thirty sediment samples were collected from depths ranging from 3.4 to 30.8 m during the fieldwork conducted in July 2001 and various ecological parameters were determined. Sediment samples from the sediment-water interface yielded 151 benthic foraminifera species and varieties belonging to 82 genera, 42 families, 21 superfamilies, and 5 suborders, which have been described and illustrated in this study. The spatial and temporal variations of total (“live” + dead) foraminifera populations were analysed. The study shows significant total populations in the collected samples. This was attributed to higher temperatures resulting in higher salinities during this period. Both species and genus diversity increase with increasing depth. In the context of the Indian Ocean tsunami, the pronounced changes in the nearshore continental region will certainly provide a different picture, and the present results would provide a reliable database for comparative post-tsunami studies. The results show a clear relationship between foraminifera and local climatic conditions.
Amplitude interval-valued complex Pythagorean fuzzy sets with applications in signals processing
Authors: Zeeshan Muhammad , Khan Madad , Iqbal Sohail
Published: February 2022

In this paper, we introduce the notion of amplitude interval-valued complex Pythagorean fuzzy sets (AIVCPFSs). The motivation for this extension is the utility of interval-valued complex fuzzy sets in membership and non-membership degree which can express the two dimensional ambiguous information as well as the interaction among any set of parameters when they are in the form of interval-valued. The principle of AIVCPFS is a mixture of the two separated theories such as interval-valued complex fuzzy set and complex Pythagorean fuzzy set which covers the truth grade (TG) and falsity grade (FG) in the form of the complex number whose real part is the sub-interval of the unit interval. We discuss some set-theoretic operations and laws of the AIVCPFSs. We study some particular examples and basic results of these operations and laws. We use AIVCPFSs in signals and systems because its behavior is similar to a Fourier transform in certain cases. Moreover, we develop a new algorithm using AIVCPFSs for applications in signals and systems by which we identify a reference signal out of the large number of signals detected by a digital receiver. We use the inverse discrete Fourier transform for the membership and non-membership functions of AIVCPFSs for incoming signals and a reference signal. Thus a method for measuring the resembling values of two signals is provided by which we can identify the reference signal.
RAFT: Congestion control technique for efficient information dissemination in ICN based VANET
Authors: Kumar Boddepalli Kiran , Reddy E. Srinivasa
Published: February 2022

Vehicular communications contain a massive number of nodes with a high mobility rate moving between the network connectivity to connect and disconnect the network rapidly. With the increasing demand and services, many information packets are generated and forwarded between “vehicle to vehicle (V2V) and vehicle to infrastructure (V2I)”. This will result in a congestion problem, which increases the delay and sometimes the loss of packets. It is a severe problem in VANET, wherein urban areas, a large number of nodes present in network with rapid mobility and dynamic topology. We proposed a network-aware solution called RAFT in vehicular ad-hoc networks (VANET) connected with Information-Centric Networks architecture to address these problems. We can solve the congestion problem at two levels at level one by effectively managing the network’s available recourses. In level two, we prioritize data for effective data dissemination. The balance between the available to consumed recourse will improve the network’s throughput, lessen delay, and improve the data dissemination rate. We have validated our proposed work with the simulation of ICN based VANET using ndnSIM.
Research on the fire safety assessment of high building with intuitionistic fuzzy TOPSIS method
Authors: Xu Mingbiao , Peng Dehong
Published: February 2022

In our country, fire from high-rise buildings happens from time to time and produced economic loss could be well over 100 billion that will give rise to great harm to safety of the people’s life and property even to the development of the whole national economy. In the fire protection work for High-rise building’s safety assessment, prevention, cause and salvation, all of this controlled by multiple factors. With their different attributes, fire problem and management work became more complex and even harder. When we want to integration and judgment the information which including many main bodies that with multi-aspect and evaluation index characteristics to be evaluated, Fuzzy mathematics evaluation method can help us. It can consider fully the fuzzy and uncertain in the assessment. For the problems in high-rise Building fire protection management. And it is frequently viewed as a multi-attribute group decision-making (MAGDM) issue. Thus, a novel MAGDM method is needed to tackle it. Depending on the conventional TOPSIS (Technique for Order Preferenceby Similarity to Ideal Solution) method and intuitionistic fuzzy sets (IFSs), this essay designs a novel intuitive distance based IF-TOPSIS method for fire safety assessment based on the high building. Afterwards, relying on novel distance measures between IFNs, the conventional TOPSIS method is extended to the intuitionistic fuzzy environment to calculate assessment score of each alternative. Eventually, an application about fire safety assessment based on the high building and some comparative analysis have been given to demonstrate the superiority of the designed method. The results illustrate that the designed framework is useful for fire safety assessment based on the high building.
Models for multiple attribute decision making with dual hesitant pythagorean fuzzy information
Authors: Ran Ling-Gang
Published: February 2022

In this paper, we investigate the multiple attribute decision making (MADM) problem based on the Muirhead Mean (MM) operators with dual Pythagorean hesitant fuzzy information. Then, motivated by the ideal of MM operators, we have developed some MM operators for aggregating dual hesitant Pythagorean fuzzy information. The prominent characteristic of these proposed operators are studied. Then, we have utilized these operators to develop some approaches to solve the dual hesitant Pythagorean fuzzy multiple attribute decision making problems. Finally, a practical example for supplier selection in supply chain management is given to verify the developed approach and to demonstrate its practicality and effectiveness.
Driver drowsiness detection system based on infinite feature selection algorithm and support vector machine
Authors: Subbaiah Desanamukula Venkata , Pushkal Padala , Rao K. Venkata
Published: February 2022

In recent times, driver drowsiness is one of the major reasons for road accidents that leads to severe physical injuries, deaths and significant economic losses. Hence, the existing driver drowsiness detection systems require a countermeasure device for the prevention of sleepiness related accident. This research paper aims to perform drowsiness detection with the help of driver’s eye state, head pose, and mouth state information. Initially, the input data were collected from the public drowsy driver database. Then, the Camera Response Model (CRM) was applied to improve the quality of collected data. Also, viola-jones, and Kanade-Lucas-Tomasi (KLT) approaches were used to detect and track the driver’s face, eye, and mouth regions from the input video. In this research study, Online Region-Based Active Contour Model (ORACM) algorithm was used to segment the driver’s mouth region in order to obtain the threshold value. Successively, feature extraction; Histogram of Oriented Gradients (HOG) and Local Binary Pattern (LBP) was applied to extract the features from the detected eye region. The extracted features of the eye region were combined with the threshold value of mouth region and head pose angle. After extracting the feature vectors, infinite approach was utilized to choose the relevant feature vectors. Finally, the selected features were classified using Support Vector Machine (SVM) for classifying the stages of drowsiness detection. Simulation outcome illustrated that the proposed system increased the classification accuracy up to 5.52% as related to hybrid Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM).
An efficient and precise dynamic slicing for concurrent component-oriented programs
Authors: Pujari Niharika , Ray Abhishek , Singh Jagannath
Published: February 2022

A dynamic slicing algorithm is proposed in this paper along with its implementation which is dynamic for concurrent Component-oriented programs carrying multiple threads. As a part of representing the concurrent COP (CCOP) effectively, an intermediate graph is developed called Concurrent Component Dependency Graph (CCmDG). The system dependence graph (SDG) for individual components and interfaces are integrated to represent the above intermediate graph. It also consists of some new dependence edges which have been triggered for connecting the individual dependence graph of each component with the interface. Based on the graph created for the CCOP, a dynamic slicing algorithm is proposed, which sets the resultant by making the executed nodes marked during run time in Concurrent Components Dynamic Slicing (CCmDS) appropriately. For checking the competence of our algorithm, five case studies have been considered and also compared with an existing technique. From the study, we found that our algorithm results in smaller and precise size slice compared to the existing algorithm in less time.
Algorithms for multiple attribute decision making with dual hesitant Pythagorean fuzzy information and their application to supplier selection
Authors: Li Xu-Yang
Published: February 2022

In this paper, we investigate the multiple attribute decision making (MADM) problem based on the Hamacher aggregation operators and Choquet integral with dual Pythagorean hesitant fuzzy information. Then, motivated by the ideal of Hamacher operation and Choquet integral, we have developed some Hamacher correlated operators for aggregating dual hesitant Pythagorean fuzzy information. The prominent characteristic of these proposed operators is studied. Then, we have utilized these two operators to develop some approaches to solve the dual hesitant Pythagorean fuzzy MADM problems. Finally, a practical example for supplier selection in supply chain management is given to verify the developed approach and to demonstrate its practicality and effectiveness.
Consistency of inclusion criteria for functional movement disorder clinical research studies: A systematic review
Authors: Kirkwood Brian , Mark Victor W.
Published: February 2022

BACKGROUND: Functional movement disorders (FMDs) are a common cause of disability. With an increasing research interest in FMD, including the emergence of intervention trials, it is crucial that research methodology be examined, and standardized protocols be developed. OBJECTIVE: To characterize the current inclusion criteria used to select patients for FMD research studies and review the consistency and appropriateness of these criteria. METHODS: We identified studies of potential biomarkers for FMD that were published over the last two decades and performed a qualitative analysis on the finally included studies. RESULTS: We identified 79 articles and found inconsistent inclusion criteria. The Fahn-Williams and DSM-IV criteria were the most commonly applied, but neither accounted for the majority (Fahn-Williams 46%, DSM-IV 32% of the total). The selection of the inclusion criteria depended in part on the phenotype of FMD under investigation. We also identified inclusion methodologies that were not appropriate, such as the inclusion of low-certainty diagnoses and diagnosing by excluding specific biomarkers rather than including patients based on clinical characteristics that commonly are thought to suggest FMD. CONCLUSIONS: Significant variability exists with the inclusion criteria for FMD research studies. This variability could limit reproducibility and the appropriate aggregation of data for meta-analysis. Advancing FMD rehabilitation research will need standardized inclusion criteria. We make some suggestions.
Intensive rehabilitation for functional motor disorders (FMD) in the United States: A review
Authors: Polich Ginger , Thompson Jeffrey , Molton Ivan , Herman Seth , LaFaver Kathrin
Published: February 2022

BACKGROUND: Higher levels of care in the form of intensive rehabilitation may be appropriate for select patients with a diagnosis of functional motor disorder (FMD). Intensive rehabilitation, as delivered through an outpatient day program or through admission to an inpatient rehabilitation facility, can offer a greater frequency and variety of integrated clinical services than most lower levels of care. OBJECTIVE: Higher levels of rehabilitation for FMD have not yet been well characterized in the literature. In this article, we will focus on the population of FMD patients who begin receiving care in the outpatient setting. METHOD: In this review, we describe a range of options for higher levels of FMD care, evaluate the supporting literature, and weigh the pros and cons of each approach. Several specific examples of intensive rehabilitation programs in the United States will be described. Finally, we will consider existing health systems barriers to each of these outpatient and inpatient higher levels of care. RESULTS: Within a stepped model of care, intensive outpatient day-programs and inpatient rehabilitation may be considered for individuals who present with complex, refractory motor deficits from FMD. For appropriately selected patients, a growing body of literature suggests that time-limited, goal-oriented intensive rehabilitation may provide an effective treatment avenue. CONCLUSION: It remains to be determined whether treatment in intensive care settings, while more costly in the short term, could lead to greater cost savings in the long term. The prospect of telemedicine rehabilitation for FND in terms of efficacy and cost also remains to be determined.
From agricultural statistics to zero hunger: How the 50x2030 Initiative is closing data gaps for SDG2 and beyond
Authors: Villarino Ma. Eliza J. , Buenaseda Tejada Millicent Gay , Patterson Sala Elise
Published: February 2022

Operational since 2019, the 50x2030 Initiative to Close the Agricultural Data Gap is working with partner countries to produce and use timely, high-quality agricultural and rural data, with a focus on helping them track their progress toward meeting priority indicators of the Sustainable Development Goals on zero hunger and gender equality, and strengthening agricultural data systems, among others. This paper provides an overview of how 50x2030 works toward its vision of strong national agricultural and rural statistical systems in low- and lower-middle-income African, Middle Eastern, Asia-Pacific and Latin American countries. It explains the Initiative’s guiding principles, discusses its approach to robust data production and use, and provides examples of its early impact using the experience of three partner countries, Cambodia, Senegal and Uganda.
Combining farm and household surveys with modelling approaches to improve post-harvest loss estimates and reduce data collection costs
Authors: Rühl Daniela , Tiberti Marco , Mendez-Gomez-Humaran Ignacio , Cachia Franck
Published: February 2022

While there is growing awareness of the issue of food losses at the political level, official post-harvest loss data for informing policymaking and reporting on SDG Indicator 12.3.1. (a) Food Loss Index is scarce. Representative sample-based surveys are necessary to obtain information on on-farm losses at the country level, but due to the issue’s complexity, a loss module covering several key questions is needed. One main strategy proposed by the 50x2030 Initiative for optimizing data collection is sub-sampling for some of the survey modules. This paper examines whether modelling approaches can be combined with sub-sampling to improve harvest and post-harvest loss estimates and allow for further sample and cost reduction. The paper first presents the loss models generated on four selected surveys conducted in Malawi, Zimbabwe, and Nigeria, which were built using the Classification and Regression Tree (CART) method. The performance of each model is assessed for different sizes of sub-samples to improve the sample-based estimates, either by model-based estimates or by model-based imputation. The research concludes that the model-based estimates improve the loss estimates of the sub-samples due to post-stratification implied in the CART method, whereby they can constitute a cost-effective complement to sub-sampling strategies, while model-based imputations should only be used on a reduced number of missing observations. The models perform best when the survey invests in obtaining more detailed on-farm loss data and considers some key variables identified as relevant for on-farm loss models. Sub-sampling allows for investment in more detailed questionnaires and some considerations are derived for its design.
THE VERNACULARISM IN OF SACRED SPACE FORMATION
Authors: Gnatiuk Liliia
Published: February 2022

Significant temples of the twentieth century are analyzed. on the island of Malta by architect Richard England. The anthroposophical theory of architecture is presented, which suggested that the world and man are permeated by different types of spiritual forces, which due to the forms of objects of the visible world can be strengthened or weakened. The understanding of the harmony of forms in the formation of sacred space is represented.

The architecture of sacred buildings erected on the principle of organic architecture is considered. It has been determined that the forms created by Richard England do not belong to any of the "languages" of architectural expression that have been created so far.

It presents a view of the mysterious nature of the connection of people in society - close to the types of ties that connect religious communities, as well as the concept of architecture as a bridge between heaven and earth, which also changed the approach to the building as a purely material object.

Analyzed the forms of individual sacred buildings and ways of organizing their interiors, which led to the conclusion that the idea of reviving the unity of the surrounding landscape, the tendency to use local materials (especially wood), but also a more general, philosophical attitude that allows to consider architecture as an element connects the forces of space with human life.

The use of the metaphorical language of Richard England's architecture based on the world of visual human products and their iconographic distinctive features is considered. The need to take into account the relationship between certain forms and messages that are transmitted through them in the formation of sacred space.

An attempt to adapt the principles of modernism to the needs of the formation of sacred space is also presented.

The tendencies of formation of sacred space in the XX century are revealed, namely: critical regionalism, the role of local traditions and natural materials, organic architecture.
APPROXIMATIONS OF THE TORQUE-CURVITY DIAGRAM RECTANGULAR CROSS-SECTION WOODEN REINFORCED AND NONREINFORCED BEAMS
Authors: Gomon Petro
Published: February 2022

The sequence of approximation of the "torque-curvature" diagram to the function is described for a reinforced and unreinforced bending wooden element of rectangular cross-section. It has been established that for the approximation it is necessary to go through the following sequence: 1) using the hypothesis of flat sections, determine the stress-strain state of the section, taking into account the current models of the work of the materials included in the structure under consideration; 2) build a graph "torque-curvature" according to the previously given algorithms; 3) for a given section, establish the main points of the diagram; 4) to carry out the apromaximization of the diagram to the function using mathematical methods; 5) confirm the convergence of functions to determine the accuracy of their approximation, over the entire diagram and at specific points of the diagram. An example of diagram approximation is given. An example of an approximated function for theoretical and experimental data is given. The sequence of approximation of the diagram to the function is described. The main points of the diagram are established for their reliable description. The possibility of using the function to simulate the work of wood is indicated. A comparison is made between the diagram and the function that describe the "torque-curvature" graph. It was found that this technique can simplify the "torque-curvature" diagram to an elementary power function (in this example, two-degree). It was found that the diagram and the function have an average deviation in the diagram in size , and the total deviation in percentage was less than 1.28%. In this regard, we can conclude that the function has sufficient similarity to use it in further calculations.
ARCHITECTURAL AND CONSTRUCTIVE FEATURES OF ORTHODOX CHURCHES OF THE WESTERN UKRAINIAN DIASPORA
Authors: Dunaevskiy Evgeniy
Published: February 2022

As the title implies the paper deals with the architectural and design features of the Orthodox Churches of the Western Ukrainian Diaspora, the principles of their placement in the development of cities and towns. The purpose of the publication is to study the Orthodox architecture of the Ukrainian diaspora, to determine the main stages of formation, development of Orthodox Church building outside Ukraine.

The article spotlights a number of political, economic and social circumstances that have forced many Ukrainians to travel to other countries. The four largest waves of immigration have been identified. The importance of religion in the formation of the Ukrainian diaspora, which united immigrants, helped to organize their cultural and artistic aspects of life; revive traditions; to study the native Ukrainian language and be in the circle of like-minded people. Thus, Ukrainian Orthodox church architecture developed and became outside the ethnic Ukrainian lands.

At the moment, there is a lack of sufficient scientific base that covers the sacred development of the Ukrainian diaspora, especially Orthodox church architecture. The article presents scholars who have studied the architecture, art, culture and Orthodox shrines of the Ukrainian diaspora.

The article examines countries such as Canada, the United States, Australia and Western Europe. The author identifies architectural and design features and urban planning principles based on four architectural and spatial types.

Such stylistic trends as: eclectic were common; "Citation" of a certain style of architecture or "stylization"; creative reworking of historical styles of Ukrainian architecture "stylization"; modernist-abstract, which is characterized by geometrization and continuous simplification of form. To illustrate these statements, the author of the article developed diagrams and tables.

In conclusion, the purpose and objectives of the publication based on the studied temples were revealed. About 180 Orthodox churches in Canada, 60 churches in the United States, 12 Orthodox churches in Australia and sacred buildings in Western Europe of the Ukrainian diaspora were analyzed.
URBAN PLANNING PRINCIPLES AND METHODS OF RETURNING COASTAL AREAS TO CITIZENS
Authors: Mykhailyk Olha
Published: February 2022

The extremely important issue of today is the return of coastal areas to city dwellers. The peculiarities of urban, landscape and integrated directions of organization of coastal territories are considered with the definition of their advantages and disadvantages. Bright examples of all three principles of coastal development are given. The basic town-planning methods of the organization of coastal territories are defined. The focus is on the urgency of reviving natural ecosystems in cities by revitalizing urban rivers with the return of rivers to their natural qualities - natural bed, flora, fauna, ecotones, which will improve the atmosphere of the urban environment, microclimate, create recreation areas for citizens. The most striking example of successful revitalization project is the revival of the Chongecheong River in Seoul (South Korea). The creation of Pochayna Park in the Obolonskyi district of Kyiv with the revival of the small Pochayna River by Kyiv designers and architects in partnership with Korean colleagues was presented. The creation of public spaces in coastal areas is a condition for improving the quality of life of urban residents. Concern for the human dimension in cities is at the heart of these projects. The realized project on revival of the small river Yahorlyk in Odesa region is given. Revitalization of the small river Yahorlyk launched a campaign to revive Ukrainian rivers.
FEATURES OF THE INFLUENCE OF FACTORS TYPE OF WORKPLACE ON THE CHOICE OF SCAFFOLDING FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE PROCESSES OF STRENGTHENING BUILDING STRUCTURES DURING RECONSTRUCTION
Authors: Tonkacheiev Hennadii , Rudnіeva Iryna
Published: February 2022

The article examines the issues of optimal planning of the working space for the implementation of work to restore the operational suitability of structural elements and the choice of the optimal type of scaffold for the implementation of technological processes of strengthening building structures during reconstruction. A very important problem is also the placement of special construction technical equipment and technological equipment, non-standard equipment including hydraulic, electrical and other reasons, as well as ensuring hygienic labor standards during work.

During the reconstruction, the issues of small volumes of work performed become more actual. Work is always carried out in a confined space, which has a significant impact on the general scheme of the organization, as well as on the technology for performing work.

The influence of factors such as workplaces on the choice of scaffolds for the implementation of the processes of strengthening building structures during reconstruction is a complex organizational and technological process that requires analysis, accounting for the dominant influence, preparation and verification of decisions. The article identifies the factors of influence determined by the production conditions, in which reconstruction work is envisaged, namely, structural, technological and organizational, the peculiarities of conditions and factors of influence on the choice of the type of workplaces and the type of scaffolds, in particular, space constraints due to the availability of equipment and manufactured products in industrial areas. It is also important to apply the criteria for classifying the type of workplaces and the required number and qualifications of performers during reconstruction.

Based on the results of the study, a systematic approach to identifying and analyzing the factors influencing the choice of the type of workplaces for the implementation of the processes of strengthening building structures during reconstruction was proposed, using 3D laser scanning and creating a BIM model based on a point cloud to identify possible collisions. This makes it possible to comprehensively solve the problems of optimal organization of workplaces and the choice of scaffolds during implementation construction work for reconstruction, renovation or repair.
CYCLICITY PHENOMENON AND LIFE CYCLE IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF URBANIZED SYSTEMS
Authors: Habrel Mykola , Habrel Mykhailo
Published: February 2022

The nature of the cyclicity phenomenon and life cycle in the development of urbanized systems is outlined. The paper defines the extent to which the components determine the processes peculiar to cyclical development. To generate the hierarchy of factors causing the cyclicity in urban development, uniqueness of origin, and patterns of urban cycle development, the model of space five-dimensionality and historical context of urban development were used. The space five-dimensionality model is conceptual, its substantiation and interpretation considering the specific tasks contribute to the adjustment of the system condition, its evaluation, and specification of development directions based on the methodological platform of the system approach. The approach that stipulates the identification of urban space elements and their interaction with the view to search for characteristics consistency and compatibility is the ground for substantiation of the urban development cyclicity.

The cyclicity phenomenon and life cycle in the development of urbanized systems are analyzed on the basis of the selected examples from Lviv’s history and present. The need for and methods to consider cyclicity in substantiation of architectural-urbanistic decisions are outlined in Lviv’s urban development. The following most important urban issues are emphasized: development of the Poltva valley; lack of system nature in reserving the areas in the suburban zone; aggravated transport problems caused by ignoring the general plan requirements and provisions; lack of system housing policy; engineering-technological problems and suspension of industrial development in the city. General requirements to organization and development of Lviv urban space considering the cyclicity and positive change in current trends are suggested.