bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
COOPERATIVISMO E RELAÇÕES DE PODER - UM COMPARATIVO ENTRE A COOPAR (COOPERATIVA MISTA DE PEQUENOS AGRICULTORES DA REGIÃO SUL LTDA.) E A EMPRESA SOUZA CRUZ S.A.
Authors: Holz Leandra
Published: September 2022

Este trabalho discute as possibilidades de gestão democrática no cooperativismo a partir de uma análise comparativa sobre as relações de poder estabelecidas entre produtores de São Lourenço do Sul e a Coopar (Cooperativa Mista de Pequenos Agricultores da Região Sul Ltda.), e entre produtores e a empresa de tabaco Souza Cruz S. A. (braço brasileiro da British American Tobacco). Tentamos compreender essas relações a partir de alguns aspectos da teoria marxista, pressupondo que a cooperativa possibilitaria maiores espaços de poder aos produtores, enquanto que na empresa, pouco espaço lhes seria reservado. A partir de entrevistas; participação em assembleias e da própria vivência na região, observamos como os mesmos produtores experimentam essas diferentes relações de poder, e procuramos discutir algumas divergências em relação à teoria utilizada.
UMA ANÁLISE SOBRE A PRECARIZAÇÃO DO TRABALHO A PARTIR DA EMPRESA-APLICATIVO UBER.
Authors: Brandão Raquel Lins , Da Ponte Karina Furini
Published: September 2022

RESUMOEste artigo tem como objetivo realizar uma discussão sobre a precarização dos trabalhadores por aplicativo vinculados à empresa Uber. Para isso, partimos de uma reflexão sobre a centralidade do trabalho e sua relação com a ciência geográfica, o que proporcionou realizamos uma análise das transformações sofridas no mundo do trabalho a partir da crise do capital da década de 1970 e, de seu processo de reestruturação produtiva e flexibilização das relações e formas de gestão do trabalho. Como metodologia partiu-se de leituras e sistematizações de obras para entender o capitalismo, e a crescente degradação do trabalho, buscando apontar como isso afeta os trabalhadores cotidianamente, além de textos, artigos e reportagens sobre a empresa-aplicativo Uber. Portanto, foi possível identificar as formas de precarização do trabalhador vinculado à empresa Uber, seu controle pelo algoritmo e também desmistificar o caráter de “empreendedor” propagado pela empresa. Palavras Chave – Capital; Trabalho; Uber.
PELOS OLHOS DELAS: A INTERPRETAÇÃO DA PAISAGEM POR MULHERES VIVENDO PROCESSOS DE SAÚDE-DOENÇA
Authors: Pedroso Mateus Fachin
Published: September 2022

O presente texto objetivou refletir sobre a interpretação da paisagem através da visão de mulheres vivendo com HIV/AIDS considerando suas interseccionalidades, experiências e práticas espaciais na cidade sob a ótica das Geografias Feministas e de Gênero. Sob estas premissas, foi realizada uma atividade com as mulheres do grupo “Plug and Play” da Associação Prudentina de Prevenção à AIDS (APPA) de forma conjunta, na qual foram estimuladas questões que trabalhassem a percepção da paisagem destas mulheres em seu cotidiano, com a intenção de destacar as principais relações que estas estabelecem entre a memória e as práticas no espaço. O proceder desta atividade foi coordenado visando a construção das representações, bem como o fomento dos debates direcionados por meio de perguntas que compunham um roteiro semiestruturado. Neste sentido, foi possível através de diferentes exemplos evidenciar as categoriais centrais na vida dessas mulheres, como o trabalho, esferas de convívio e relações, seus percursos diários e suas memórias, sendo estas interpretadas através da elaboração das múltiplas paisagens construídas.
SEBARAN SPASIAL WILAYAH RAWAN KEKERINGAN LAHAN TANAMAN PADI SEBAGAI UPAYA MANAJEMEN RISIKO BENCANA KEKERINGAN DI PROVINSI JAWA TIMUR
Authors: Haryanto Yosafat Doni , Budiprabowo Noval Ariefrohman
Published: September 2022

Drought is one of the events which cause a lot of negative impact on the region, the area of agriculture drought can reduce yield and cause crop failure. East Java province is one of the largest contributors to the national rice production in Indonesia. Increased agricultural production can be done with risk management with a variety of drought mitigation strategies and disaster relief efforts preventive. One such effort is to make early control planning using drought-prone maps. Based on data analysis and processing of the obtained results that the distribution of drought in East Java province when the dry season, is very vulnerable category almost dominates the region's peak in August to October. Entering the rainy season spreading drought began to decrease, but the coastal areas are still in a very vulnerable category. The characteristics of the region is very vulnerable category during the year were in Sampang, Pamekasan, Sumenep, Tulungagung and part of the north coast of East Java Province which has the least rainfall than other areas and the climate is very dry. The movement patterns prone to drought from January to May, with a category extremely prone generally around the north coast of East Java Province, entered the month of June to November the drought extends further into the center of East Java Province, then in December the level of dryness safely started having additional area amid Province East Java. Risk management drought in East Java province, especially for areas prone and extremely vulnerable to the need for the regulation of early warning system for extreme climatic (ENSO), which affects drought, local legislation to establish the scale of priorities for the use dn water management, preparation of hazard maps of drought, determination anticipatory technology (manufacture ponds, weather modification technology, alternative energy sources, adjustment of cropping and cultivation technology) and irrigation systems adapted to climate forecasting, development of reward and punishment system for the people who do the conservation and rehabilitation of water and land resources.
MITIGASI UNTUK MENGHADAPI ANCAMAN BENCANA AKIBAT KEGAGALAN TEKNOLOGI NUKLIR DI REAKTOR SERBA GUNA GERRIT AUGUSTINUS SIWABESSY
Authors: Meiliasari Dewi Prima , Panjaitan Berton Suar , Widana I Dewa Ketut Kerta
Published: September 2022

RSG-GAS has a fairly large thermal power of 30 megawatts, besides being useful for health, industry, research, it also has a potential radioactive releases nearby  to the Serpong Nuclear Area about a 5 km radius. The existence of the RSG-GAS in the administrative area of South Tangerang City based on the 2019 Disaster Risk Index has a high risk class for earthquakes and extreme weather, as well as population growth that continues to increase within a radius of 1 km from RSG-GAS, resulting in external hazards from outside the RSG-GAS becoming a threat. in the operation of the RSG-GAS. To be able to reduce potential risk, structural and nonstructural mitigation efforts are needed. This study aims to analyze structural and nonstructural mitigation in the RSG-GAS. The research method used was qualitative with exploratory descriptive research design. The results of the study indicate that structural mitigation has begun to be carried out on the evaluation of site characteristics from the determination of prospective sites to the operation stage for internal and external hazards, the evaluation results are taken into consideration in the design of the RSG-GAS. The RSG-GAS design is capable of both internal and external hazards. Early detection systems can reduce the risk of disaster due to failure of nuclear technology. Nuclear emergency training has been carried out and it is necessary to coordinate the preparation of nuclear preparedness programs at the provincial and national levels. In conclusion, a chain of mitigation efforts has been executed  in RSG-GAS in relation to  the 2020-2024 National Plan on Disaster Management in order to support the national security.
Influence of Additives on the Viscoelastic Behavior of Asphalt Concrete
Authors: Saad Issa Sarsam
Published: September 2022

Implication of mineral additives into the asphalt concrete mixture can influence the viscoelastic behavior; change the density, gradation, and strength properties. In the present investigation, fly ash and silica fumes were added to the asphalt concrete mixture. Slab samples were compacted with the aid of laboratory roller, and then beam specimens were sawed from the slab samples. The asphalt concrete beam specimens were subjected to repeated flexural stresses through the four-points bending test at 20℃ and under 400 micro-strain level until failure. The influence of the additives was monitored and compared. It was concluded that the phase angle, flexural stiffness, and the fatigue life declines while the cumulative dissipated energy increases after implication of the additives. However, the silica fumes additives exhibit a significant impact on the viscoelastic properties as compared with the control or the fly ash treated mixtures.
CASOS DE INTOXICAÇÃO POR AGROTÓXICOS EM MALEICULTORES E ANÁLISE DOS RESPECTIVOS PRONTUÁRIOS DE ATENDIMENTO
Authors: Da Cruz Nogueira Tiago , Vassem de Oliveira Simone , Morello Larissa , Scherer de Oliveira Kelly , Da Silva Bruna Fernanda , Siegloch Ana Emília , Agostinetto Lenita
Published: September 2022

Atualmente, o Brasil é líder mundial no consumo de agrotóxicos. O aumento do uso e manuseio desses produtos químicos pode provocar o aumento nos casos de intoxicações humanas, oferecendo risco à saúde do trabalhador rural e ao próprio ambiente. A expansão crescente da agricultura na Região da Serra Catarinense provoca o consequente incremento do uso de agrotóxicos, que pode culminar com o aumento dos casos de intoxicações e colocar em risco à saúde do trabalhador rural.  O objetivo desse estudo foi levantar possíveis casos de intoxicação por agrotóxicos em maleicultores de um município da Serra Catarinense e comparar as informações coletadas com seus respectivos prontuários de atendimento médico na Unidade Básica de Saúde (UBS) que atende a região estudada. Foram entrevistados 66 maleicultores dos quais 11 manifestaram intoxicação por agrotóxicos. Os resultados demonstraram que os indivíduos que informaram ter sofrido intoxicação por agrotóxicos apresentaram no mínimo dois sintomas, sendo que os mais comuns foram cefaleia e irritação da pele, relacionados principalmente, ao uso de Mancozebe, Fenitrotiona e Difenoconazol.  Na UBS, Foram encontrados quatro prontuários referentes a esses indivíduos, entretanto em nenhum deles o diagnóstico foi descrito como intoxicação, apesar de alguns sintomas descritos no prontuário remetessem a sintomas de intoxicação por agrotóxicos.  Conclui-se que há casos de intoxicação na região, entretanto, os respectivos prontuários de atendimento não associam o caso à intoxicação por agrotóxicos.
Two Cases of Adult Inclusion Conjunctivitis Masquerading as Chronic Conjunctivitis
Authors: Park Keon Woo , Yun Sang Hun , Jeong Da Eun , Koh Jae Woong
Published: September 2022

Purpose: To report two cases of adult inclusion conjunctivitis masquerading as chronic conjunctivitis.Case summary: (Case 1) A 34-year-old man presented with a foreign body sensation in his right eye for 2 months. At the first visit, slit lamp examination showed follicles on the inferior palpebral conjunctiva. Chlamydia trachomatis immunoglobulin M (IgM) antibody and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) tests were positive. The patient was prescribed doxycycline for 1 week, which improved the symptoms, followed by gentamicin and levofloxacin for an additional 5 days, which further improved the clinical symptoms and conjunctivitis. (Case 2) A 39-year-old man presented with right eye pain and redness for 5 months. At the first visit, slit lamp examination showed follicles on the inferior palpebral conjunctiva. Chlamydia trachomatis IgM antibody and PCR tests were positive. After 1 week of doxycycline treatment, the clinical symptoms and conjunctivitis improved.Conclusions: Because adult inclusion conjunctivitis caused by chlamydial infection has non-specific symptoms, it can be misdiagnosed as chronic conjunctivitis. A detailed medical history and appropriate diagnostic tests are necessary to make this diagnosis.
TOTAL FENOL, TOTAL FLAVONOID, AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN, DAN PENGHAMBATAN α-AMILASE PADA ROTI TAWAR DENGAN PENAMBAHAN SARI MENGKUDU
Authors:   University of Muhammadiyah Malang Indonesia, Anggriani Rista
Published: September 2022

Penelitian sebelumnya, peneliti telah memformulasi roti tawar dengan jus mengkudu pada berbagai volume. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya aktivitas hipoglikemik pada roti tawar akibat penambahan jus mengkudu yang diuji secara in vivo pada hewan coba. Meskipun diketahui memiliki aktivitas hipoglikemik (menurunkan glukosa darah), mekanisme penurunan glukosa darah belum diketahui. Oleh karena itu penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui mekanisme hipoglikemik roti tawar dengan penambahan sari mengkudu dengan menganalisa total fenol, flavonoid total, aktivitas antioksidan dan penghambatan α-amilase. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah rancangan acak kelompok sederhana dengan 5 perlakuan, terdiri dari berbagai volume sari buah mengkudu (0, 50, 100, 150, 200 mL) yang ditambahkan pada roti tawar. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penambahan sari buah mengkudu berpengaruh nyata terhadap peningkatan total fenol, flavonoid total, dan aktivitas antioksidan roti tawar. Selain itu terdapat perbedaan antara roti tawar dengan dan tanpa penambahan jus mengkudu dalam penghambatan α-amilase. Sehingga ini diduga bahwa mekanisme antidiabetes sari buah mengkudu yang diaplikasikan pada roti tawar berkaitan dengan total flavonoid, yang dikenal sebagai senyawa yang dapat menghambat aktivitas alfa amilase
PEMANFAATAN LARUTAN LAKTAT HASIL FERMENTASI LIMBAH KUBIS UNTUK MENINGKATKAN UMUR SIMPAN PADA CUMI-CUMI
Authors:   Universitas PGRI Adi Buana Surabaya Indonesia, Asmaul Rina
Published: September 2022

Pemanfaatan limbah kubis dalam proses fermentasi dapat menghasilkan bakteri asam laktat yang dapat menghambat proses pembusukan pada cumi-cumi karena bersifat membunuh bakteri pembusuk. Penyimpanan cumi-cumi pada suhu rendah juga dapat mengambat pertumbuhan bakteri pembusuk namun masih ada saja bakteri pembusuk yang dapat bertahan. Oleh karena itu dibutuhkan bakteri asam laktat pada cumi-cumi untuk memperpanjang usia simpan cumi-cumi. Selain bahan pengawet alami ini aman juga dapat mengurangi volume sampah limbah kubis dengan pemanfaatan tepat guna. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain Rancangan Petak Terpisah/RPT (Split Plot Design) yang terdiri dari petak utama adalah 4 waktu pengamatan (hari 1,2,3,4) dan anak petak adalah 4 penambahan cairan larutan laktat (0%, 25%, 50%,75%). Hasil penelitian ini adalah larutan laktat yang dapat digunakan sebagai bahan pengawet alami untuk bahan makanan cumi-cumi. Waktu simpan berpengaruh terhadap daya simpan cumi-cumi dengan Fhitung =40,11, konsentrasi larutan laktat berpengaruh terhadap daya simpan cumi-cumi dengan Fhitung = 94,42, interaksi waktu simpan dan konsentrasi larutan laktat berpengaruh signifikan terhadap daya simpan cumi-cumi dengan Fhitung 14,66. Konsentrasi cairan yang paling tepat di gunakan untuk bahan pengawet alami dengan waktu pengamatan 4 hari adalah 75%.
Pengaruh Jenis Kemasan dan Kondisi Penyimpanan terhadap Aktivitas Antioksidan, Sifat Fisikokimia, Mikobiologis, dan Organoleptik Minuman Beras Kencur dari Beras Putih Varietas Jasmine
Authors:   Universitas Katolik Widya Mandala Surabaya Indonesia, Suwarno Luciana Hendrika , Suseno Thomas Indarto Putut ,   Universitas Katolik Widya Mandala Surabaya Indonesia, Kuswardani Indah ,   Universitas Katolik Widya Mandala Surabaya Indonesia
Published: September 2022

Beras kencur dikenal sebagai minuman tradisional khas Indonesia yang terbuat dari bahan-bahan herbal segar seperti kencur, jahe, kunyit dan beras. Pemilihan beras putih organik varietas Jasmine untuk pembuatan minuman beras kencur karena banyak dibudidayakan di Yogyakarta. Minuman beras kencur rentan mengalami kerusakan akibat pertumbuhan kapang, khamir dan mikrooganisme pembusuk lainnya sehingga beras kencur tidak dapat tahan lama. Kondisi penyimpanan (suhu kamar 26˚C dan suhu refrigerator 5˚C) yang berbeda juga memberi pengaruh terhadap beras kencur. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh perbedaan jenis kemasan, suhu penyimpanan dan lama penyimpanan terhadap sifat fisikokimia, aktivitas antioksidan, dan organoleptik beras kencur dari beras putih varietas Jasmine. Pada penelitian ini digunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dengan tiga faktor yaitu jenis kemasan dengan 2 taraf (plastik PET dan gelas kaca), suhu penyimpanan dengan 2 taraf (suhu kamar 26˚C dan suhu refrigerator 5˚C), serta lama penyimpanan sebanyak 5 taraf (pengamatan hari ke-0, 15, 30, 45, 60). Setiap perlakuan dilakukan pengulangan sebanyak tiga kali. Parameter yang diuji adalah sifat fisikokimia (pH, total padatan terlarut, warna), kadar antioksidan, dan organoleptik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan nilai aktivitas antioksidan berkisar antara 18,082-19,039 µg/mL; nilai lightness berkisar antara 53,5-47,3; nilai chrome berkisar antara 27,4-35,6; nilai °Hue berkisar antara 75,3-77,5; nilai pH berkisar antara 3,836-3,960; nilai TPT berkisar antara 10,50-10,97ºBrix; dan nilai ALT berkisar antara 0,8x101-3,8x101 CFU/mL. Faktor perbedaan jenis kemasan, suhu penyimpanan, dan lama penyimpanan berpengaruh terhadap nilai pH, total padatan terlarut, dan aktivitas antioksidan beras kencur. Selama penyimpanan terjadi peningkatan nilai pH dan total padatan terlarut, serta terjadi penurunan aktivitas antioksidan dan laju pertumbuhan kapang.
PENGARUH PERBEDAAN KONSENTRASI KARAGENAN TERHADAP SIFAT FISIKOKIMIA DAN ORGANOLEPTIK JELLY DRINK EDAMAME-KACANG HIJAU
Authors:   Universitas Katolik Widya Mandala Surabaya Indonesia, Sugiarto Hartahwan , Surjoseputro Sutarjo ,   Universitas Katolik Widya Mandala Surabaya Indonesia
Published: September 2022

Edamame adalah tanaman tropis yang merupakan salah satu jenis sayuran (green soybean vegetable). Meskipun memiliki berbagai manfaat bagi kesehatan, pemanfaatan edamame di Indonesia masih sangat rendah. Salah satu cara untuk meningkatkan tingkat konsumsi edamame adalah diolah menjadi jelly drink. Pada penelitian ini dibuat jelly drink edamame yang ditambahkan sari kacang hijau. Kacang hijau mengandung pati yang dapat mengalami gelatinisasi sehingga mampu mendukung pembentukan gel. Faktor yang akan diteliti adalah perbedaan konsentrasi karagenan karena faktor tersebut dapat mempengaruhi sifat fisikokimia jelly drink antara lain sineresis, daya hisap, TPT, pH dan sifat organoleptik. Penelitian ini akan dilakukan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dengan satu faktor, yaitu konsentrasi karagenan (0,10%; 0,15%; 0,20%; 0,25%; 0,30%; 0,35%; dan 0,40%) dengan empat kali ulangan. Parameter yang diukur adalah daya alir, pH, TPT dan daya hisap pada penyimpanan hari ke 1, 4 dan 7 serta sifat organoleptik (tingkat kesukaan terhadap parameter rasa, mouthfeel, aroma dan kemudahan dihisap). Data hasil organoleptik akan dianalisa secara statistik dengan ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) pada α= 5%, dan dilanjutkan dengan Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT) pada α= 5% jika terdapat pengaruh nyata dari perlakuan kemudian dilanjutkan dengan penentuan perlakuan terbaik dengan metode spider web. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa konsentrasi karagenan memberikan pengaruh nyata terhadap pH, laju alir dan daya hisap. Peningkatan konsentrasi karagenan akan meningkatkan nilai pH dan daya alir namun menurunkan daya hisap jelly drink. Perlakuan terbaik yang ditentukan berdasarkan hasil uji organoleptik dengan metode spider web adalah jelly drink dengan konsentrasi karagenan 0,25%. Penggunaan karagenan sebesar 0,25% menghasilkan jelly drink dengan pH 6,67-6,73, daya alir 1,46-1,77 s/53 cm dan daya hisap 0,63-1,10mL/s.
LITERATURE REVIEW: Effectiveness of Chatbot to Reduce the Risk of Coronary Heart Disease using Android-based application
Authors:   Program Faculty of Medicine, Ciputra University Indonesia, Atmadjaja Agnes , Watinin Minarni ,   Program Faculty of Medicine, Ciputra University Indonesia, Nurhadi Stefani ,   Program Faculty of Medicine, Ciputra University Indonesia
Published: September 2022

Background: An innovative approach in the form of a discussion platform designed to help users deal with health issues related to coronary artery disease. Chatbot platforms allow the collection of users' data, which is analyzed through natural language processing and behavioral analysis, to provide each user with a customized solution based on their current situation. The data collected and analyzed is accessible. The platform is developed using chatbot technology. Users can interact with chatbots to generate personal chat data stored on the platform. Conflicting information and sensitivity to Coronary Heart Disease (CHD) issues hinder effective communication. Recent technological solutions to maintain weight loss are limited. A chatbot would be suitable to support weight loss as it requires no human intervention, is available 24 hours a day, and supports natural communication while maintaining anonymity. The health system needs an effective and low-cost way to provide optimal health outcomes using conversation-enabled Artificial Intelligence (AI). Humans can interact well with this AI in the form of a fully automated and self-contained text-based mobile tutoring service. CHD is a serious health problem worldwide with multiple and interrelated causes. At the same time, chatbots are becoming more popular for interacting with users in mobile health apps. Objective: We evaluated an Android application. Its main goal is to prevent lifestyle-related diseases that are a risk for CHD, which has been considered at risk for multiple coronary artery disease (CAD), with the overarching goal of gaining compassion through mobile health improvements. The insights gained in this preview article will be used to plan future health care systems and to design an AI capable of advanced healthcare, chronic disease prevention, and self-treatment. Results: The Role of Artificial Intelligence in preventing Coronary Heart Disease (CHD) is done through health screenings. The app warns the user to exercise regularly and maintain food intake by reducing foods high in calories and adding foods high in fiber. Conclusion: Usage of AI in healthcare is associated with CHD prevention, which alters healthy lifestyles. It can also encourage a change in attitude, a high level of user concern for health, and obtain complete health information. Research on artificial intelligence and its use in telemedicine needs to be continued, with clinical trials examining the impact on blood pressure, body mass index, smoking, diabetes mellitus, and user engagement and feedback.
Lagochilus inebrians Bunge Microclonal Propagation Under in vitro Conditions
Authors: Sultonova K. , Kushiev Kh.
Published: September 2022

The article presents the results of the introduction into culture in vitro and microclonal reproduction of Lagochilus inebrians Bunge growing in the territory of Central Asia. Plants of Lagochilus inebrians grown from seed materials in laboratory conditions were used as research material. To obtain aseptic cultures of Lagochilus inebrians, it is necessary to use multi-stage sterilization protocols using various types of antiseptics. It has been established that the optimal explant for cultivation is the apex of the generative shoot. In the presence of high concentrations of exogenous cytokinins, adventitious shoots are induced.
Effect of Prenatal Hypoxia on the Liver of Rats
Authors: Jafarova G.
Published: September 2022

The state of the liver of one-month-old, three-month-old and six-month-old rats exposed to hypoxia during the embryonic period of intrauterine development was studied. It has been shown that prenatal hypoxia has a significant damaging effect on the liver, and the negative aspects of this factor can be traced in the later stages of ontogenesis. Histological study showed that in the liver of one-month-old experimental rats, hepatocyte hypertrophy, an increase in the size of their nuclei, and an increase in the number of binuclear hepatocytes were observed. In a comparative analysis of the data in the control and experimental groups of rats at the age of three months, no significant morphometric changes were observed. However, histological examination of the liver of three-month-old rats revealed small foci of extramedullary hematopoiesis in the parenchyma. Hemodynamic disturbances in the vessels of the liver were also determined. No significant changes in morphometric parameters were observed in the liver of the control and experimental groups of 6-month-old rats. However, melanomacrophage centers were found in the liver parenchyma, which indicates the presence of an inflammatory process. Despite the completion of the recovery processes in 6-month-old rats, the observed inflammatory processes and hemodynamic disturbances showed that prenatal hypoxia causes liver pathologies at later stages of ontogenesis. So, we can conclude that, under the influence of prenatal hypoxia, there are significant changes in the liver parenchyma, which affects the subsequent state of the body.
Ways of Increasing Soil Fertility Used for Vegetable Growing in Samukh District
Authors: Aliyeva A. , Aliyeva G.
Published: September 2022

The presented article gives ways to increase the fertility of soils used in vegetable growing in the territory of Samukh District. It has been determined that the soil is provided with uninterrupted nutrients as a result of the constant influx of plant residues and organic matter into the soil during the crop rotation. For this, the correct selection of predecessor plants must be observed. Scientifically based crop rotation has a great role in conservation of soil fertility and increasing soils’ agrophysical, agrochemical and biological indices. Taking into consideration of agroecological factors in selection of appropriate predecessor crop for the crop rotation, fertilization and irrigation techniques increases crop yield and supports conservation of soil fertility.
Exterior Dimensions of Obtained Hybrids
Authors: Sadigova G.
Published: September 2022

Dogmatic ideas and formalism in the field of exterior slowly gave their negative results. Many people think that there is a simple connection between appearance and many physiological characteristics. The exterior shows the nature of the product of animal origin, dairy, meat, wool, worker. In animal husbandry, one of the methods of assessing them by their appearance involves measuring and evaluating anatomically relevant areas of the body. Measuring and evaluating the body of animals is an objective method. Because the real indicator is obtained by measurement, and when compared with other basic measurements, it can receive an indisputable value. The constitution is formed in the process of individual development, certain forms of body structure, the consistency of the structure and functions of the animal is manifested by the general metabolism and is a criterion for adapting the body to certain living conditions.
Composition and structure of algal flora of the Kara-Bogaz-Gol Bay (Caspian Sea)
Authors: Bulatov Stanislav A.
Published: September 2022

The provides data on the composition and structure of algal flora in the Kara-Bogaz-Gol Bay of the Caspian Sea, obtained in 1998–2021. A checklist of 106 species and varieties of algae and cyanobacteria was compiled, belonging to 5 divisions, 33 orders, 51 families and 63 genera. The data on the halotolerance of each of the taxa are presented. The taxonomic dominance of Bacillariophyta, Cyanobacteria and Dinoflagellata was noted. The maximum taxonomic diversity of algae and cyanobacteria in the bay was observed in the areas of the mixing zone (91 taxa), the Karasukut Spit (47) and south of the Kara-Bogaz-Gol Strait (33). The predominance of halophiles (23.6%), indifferents (18.7%) and mesohalobes (17.9%). Shannon Diversity Index in Kara-Bogaz-Gol Bay ranged from 0.25 to 2.83. The dependence of the Shannon Diversity Index on the salinity was noted. Ecologically, benthic forms of algae prevail in the Kara-Bogaz-Gol Bay.
European seabass show variable responses in their group swimming features after tag implantation
Authors: Georgopoulou Dimitra G. , Fanouraki Eleftheria , Voskakis Dimitris , Mitrizakis Nikos , Papandroulakis Nikos
Published: September 2022

The usefulness of acoustic telemetry on the study of movements, interactions, and behaviors has been revealed by many field and laboratory studies. The process of attaching acoustic tags on fish can, however, impact their physiological, behavioral, and growth performance traits. The potential negative effects are still unknown for several species and behavioral attributes. Previous studies have attempted to shed light on the effects of tag implantation on fish, focusing mainly on fish growth and physiological parameters, and one or two behavioral properties mainly on the individual level. However, the effect of this procedure could also be expressed at the group level. This study investigated the short-term effects of dummy and active body-implanted acoustic tags on the group-level swimming performance of adult European seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax) using optical flow analysis. We studied four main swimming performance properties—group speed, alignment (polarization), cohesion, and exploratory behavior. To help in the interpretation of any detected differences, physiological stress-related parameters were also extracted. The results show that the tag implantation procedure has variable effects on the different swimming performance attributes of fish. Group cohesion, polarization, and the group’s exploratory tendency were significantly impacted initially, and the effect persisted but to a lesser extent two weeks after surgery. In contrast, group speed was not affected initially but showed a significant decrease in comparison with the control group two weeks post-surgery. In addition, the physiological parameters tested did not show any significant difference between the control and the treated group 14 days after the onset of the experiment. The findings suggest that the effect of tagging is non-trivial, leading to responses and response times that could affect behavioral studies carried out using acoustic telemetry.
Investigating the anticancer efficacy of biogenic synthesized MgONPs: An in vitro analysis
Authors: Tabrez Shams , Khan Azhar U. , Hoque Mehboob , Suhail Mohd , Khan Mohammad Imran , Zughaibi Torki A.
Published: September 2022

The biogenic approach of synthesizing metal nanoparticles is an exciting and interesting research area with a wide range of applications. The present study reports a simple, convenient, low-cost method for synthesizing magnesium oxide nanoparticles (MgONPs) from pumpkin seed extracts and their anticancer efficacy against ovarian teratocarcinoma cell line (PA-1). The characteristic features of biogenic MgONPs were assessed by UV–visible spectrophotometry (UV–vis), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The formation of spherical NPs with an average size of 100 nm was observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Moreover, MgONPs exhibit considerable cytotoxicity with an IC50 dose of 12.5 μg/ml. A dose-dependent rise in the induction of apoptosis, ROS formation, and inhibition in the migration of PA-1 cells was observed up to 15 μg/ml concentration, reflecting their significant anticancer potential against ovarian teratocarcinoma cell line. However, additional work, especially in different in vitro and in vivo models, is recommended to find out their real potential before this environment-friendly and cost-effective nanoformulation could be exploited for the benefit of humankind.
Mycobacterium tuberculosis KasA as a drug target: Structure-based inhibitor design
Authors: Rudraraju Reshma S. , Daher Samer S. , Gallardo-Macias Ricardo , Wang Xin , Neiditch Matthew B. , Freundlich Joel S.
Published: September 2022

Recent studies have reported the β-ketoacyl-acyl carrier protein KasA as a druggable target for Mycobacterium tuberculosis. This review summarizes the current status of major classes of KasA inhibitors with an emphasis on significant contributions from structure-based design methods leveraging X-ray crystal structures of KasA alone and in complex with inhibitors. The issues addressed within each inhibitor class are discussed while detailing the characterized interactions with KasA and structure-activity relationships. A critical analysis of these findings should lay the foundation for new KasA inhibitors to study the basic biology of M. tuberculosis and to form the basis of new antitubercular molecules of clinical significance with activity against drug-sensitive and drug-resistant infections.
Stealthy microbes: How Neisseria gonorrhoeae hijacks bulwarked iron during infection
Authors: Stoudenmire Julie Lynn , Greenawalt Ashley Nicole , Cornelissen Cynthia Nau
Published: September 2022

Transition metals are essential for metalloprotein function among all domains of life. Humans utilize nutritional immunity to limit bacterial infections, employing metalloproteins such as hemoglobin, transferrin, and lactoferrin across a variety of physiological niches to sequester iron from invading bacteria. Consequently, some bacteria have evolved mechanisms to pirate the sequestered metals and thrive in these metal-restricted environments. Neisseria gonorrhoeae, the causative agent of the sexually transmitted infection gonorrhea, causes devastating disease worldwide and is an example of a bacterium capable of circumventing human nutritional immunity. Via production of specific outer-membrane metallotransporters, N. gonorrhoeae is capable of extracting iron directly from human innate immunity metalloproteins. This review focuses on the function and expression of each metalloprotein at gonococcal infection sites, as well as what is known about how the gonococcus accesses bound iron.
A potential new pathway for heparin treatment of sepsis-induced lung injury: inhibition of pulmonary endothelial cell pyroptosis by blocking hMGB1-LPS-induced caspase-11 activation
Authors: Yang Rui , Zhang Xiaojuan
Published: September 2022

Sepsis is a significant cause of mortality in critically ill patients. Acute lung injury (ALI) is a leading cause of death in these patients. Endothelial cells exposed to the bacterial endotoxin lipopolysaccharide (LPS) can progress into pyroptosis, a programmed lysis of cell death triggered by inflammatory caspases. It is characterized by lytic cell death induced by the binding of intracellular LPS to caspases 4/5 in human cells and caspase-11 in mouse cells. In mice,caspase-11-dependent pyroptosis plays an important role in endotoxemia. HMGB1 released into the plasma binds to LPS and is internalized into lysosomes in endothelial cells via the advanced glycation end product receptor. In the acidic lysosomal environment, HMGB1 permeates the phospholipid bilayer, which is followed by the leakage of LPS into the cytoplasm and the activation of caspase-11. Heparin is an anticoagulant widely applied in the treatment of thrombotic disease. Previous studies have found that heparin could block caspase-11-dependent inflammatory reactions, decrease sepsis-related mortality, and reduce ALI, independent of its anticoagulant activity. Heparin or modified heparin with no anticoagulant property could inhibit the alarmin HMGB1-LPS interactions, minimize LPS entry into the cytoplasm, and thus blocking caspase-11 activation. Heparin has been studied in septic ALI, but the regulatory mechanism of pulmonary endothelial cell pyroptosis is still unclear. In this paper, we discuss the potential novel role of heparin in the treatment of septic ALI from the unique mechanism of pulmonary endothelial cell pyroptosis.
New insights and advances of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors in heart failure
Authors: Li Juexing , Zhou Lei , Gong Hui
Published: September 2022

Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2is) are newly emerging insulin-independent anti-hyperglycemic agents that work independently of β-cells. Quite a few large-scale clinical trials have proven the cardiovascular protective function of SGLT2is in both diabetic and non-diabetic patients. By searching all relevant terms related to our topics over the previous 3 years, including all the names of agents and their brands in PubMed, here we review the mechanisms underlying the improvement of heart failure. We also discuss the interaction of various mechanisms proposed by diverse works of literature, including corresponding and opposing viewpoints to support each subtopic. The regulation of diuresis, sodium excretion, weight loss, better blood pressure control, stimulation of hematocrit and erythropoietin, metabolism remodeling, protection from structural dysregulation, and other potential mechanisms of SGLT2i contributing to heart failure improvement have all been discussed in this manuscript. Although some remain debatable or even contradictory, those newly emerging agents hold great promise for the future in cardiology-related therapies, and more research needs to be conducted to confirm their functionality, particularly in metabolism, Na+-H+ exchange protein, and myeloid angiogenic cells.
Robust therapeutic effects on COVID-19 of novel small molecules: Alleviation of SARS-CoV-2 S protein induction of ACE2/TMPRSS2, NOX2/ROS, and MCP-1
Authors: Youn Ji Youn , Wang Jian , Li Qian , Huang Kai , Cai Hua
Published: September 2022

While new variants of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) constantly emerge to prolong the pandemic of COVID-19, robust and safe therapeutics are in urgent need. During the previous and ongoing fight against the pandemic in China, Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) has proven to be markedly effective in treating COVID-19. Among active ingredients of TCM recipes, small molecules such as quercetin, glabridin, gallic acid, and chrysoeriol have been predicted to target viral receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) via system pharmacology/molecular docking/visualization analyses. Of note, endothelial dysfunction induced by oxidative stress and inflammation represents a critical mediator of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and multi-organ injuries in patients with COVID-19. Hence, in the present study, we examined whether quercetin, glabridin, gallic acide and chrysoeriol regulate viral receptors of ACE2 and transmembrane serine protease 2 (TMPRSS2), redox modulator NADPH oxidase isoform 2 (NOX2), and inflammatory protein of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) in endothelial cells to mediate therapeutic protection against COVID-19. Indeed, quercetin, glabridin, gallic acide and chrysoeriol completely attenuated SARS-CoV-2 spike protein (S protein)-induced upregulation in ACE2 protein expression in endothelial cells. In addition, these small molecules abolished S protein upregulation of cleaved/active form of TMPRSS2, while native TMPRSS2 was not significantly regulated. Moreover, these small molecules completely abrogated S protein-induced upregulation in NOX2 protein expression, which resulted in alleviated superoxide production, confirming their preventive efficacies against S protein-induced oxidative stress in endothelial cells. In addition, treatment with these small molecules abolished S protein induction of MCP-1 expression. Collectively, our findings for the first time demonstrate that these novel small molecules may be used as novel and robust therapeutic options for the treatment of patients with COVID-19, via effective attenuation of S protein induction of endothelial oxidative stress and inflammation.
Immunological response and temporal associations in myocarditis after COVID-19 vaccination using cardiac magnetic resonance imaging: An amplified T-cell response at the heart of it?
Authors: Vago Hajnalka , Szabo Liliana , Szabo Zsofia , Ulakcsai Zsuzsanna , Szogi Emese , Budai Gizella , Toth Attila , Juhasz Vencel , Dohy Zsofia , Hoffer Krisztina , Becker David , Kiss Robert Gabor , Nagy Gergely Gyorgy , Nagy Gyorgy , Merkely Bela
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Although myocarditis after anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccination is increasingly recognized, we have little data regarding the course of the disease and, consequently, the imaging findings, including the tissue-specific features. The purpose of this study is to describe the clinical, immunological, and cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) features of myocarditis after COVID-19 immunization in the acute phase and during follow-up. We aimed to compare the trajectory of the disease to myocarditis cases unrelated to COVID-19.

Methods

We assembled a CMR-based registry of potentially COVID-19 vaccination-related myocarditis cases. All patients who experienced new-onset chest pain and troponin elevation after COVID-19 vaccination and imaging confirming the clinical suspicion of acute myocarditis were enrolled in our study. Participants underwent routine laboratory testing and testing of their humoral and cellular immune response to COVID-19 vaccination. Clinical and CMR follow-up was performed after 3–6 months. We included two separate, sex- and age-matched control groups: (1) individuals with myocarditis unrelated to COVID-19 infection or vaccination confirmed by CMR and (2) volunteers with similar immunological exposure to SARS-CoV-2 compared to our group of interest (no difference in the number of doses, types and the time since anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccination and no difference in anti-nucleocapsid levels).

Results

We report 16 CMR-confirmed cases of myocarditis presenting (mean ± SD) 4 ± 2 days after administration of the anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccine (male patients, 22 ± 7 years), frequently with predisposing factors such as immune-mediated disease and previous myocarditis. We found that 75% received mRNA vaccines, and 25% received vector vaccines. During follow-up, CMR metrics depicting myocardial injury, including oedema and necrosis, decreased or completely disappeared. There was no difference regarding the CMR metrics between myocarditis after immunization and myocarditis unrelated to COVID-19. We found an increased T-cell response among myocarditis patients compared to matched controls (p < 0.01), while there was no difference in the humoral immune response.

Conclusion

In our cohort, myocarditis occurred after both mRNA and vector anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccination, frequently in individuals with predisposing factors. Upon follow-up, the myocardial injury had healed. Notably, an amplified cellular immune response was found in acute myocarditis cases occurring 4 days after COVID-19 vaccination.
Geological occurrence and productivity prediction for coalbed methane of central Hunan depression, China
Authors: Cai Ningbo , Wang Keying , Du Jiang
Published: September 2022

To analyze the geological occurrence and predict the drainage performance of coalbed methane in the central Hunan depression of China, coal samples were collected to conduct physical experiments and numerical simulations. The following conclusions were reached. The vitrinite ranges from 54.37 to 87.80%, the inertinite is between 11.14–25.89%, and exinite is less than 1%. The inorganic components are mainly clay minerals and vary from 0.71 to 5.66%. The major porosity ranges from 7 to 9%, and it is influenced by organic/inorganic components and maturity. Both the vertical and horizontal permeabilities are at a relatively low level, mostly below 0.05 mD, indicating the reservoir is low permeable or non-permeable. The reservoir pressure ranges from 3.74 to 11.58 MPa, which has significant and positive linear correlations with closure pressure and burial depth. Gas content varies from 5 m3/t to 20 m3/t. The theoretical recovery ratio in the Hongshandian mining area is about 61.7%, while the values of the two spots in the Duanpiqiao mining area are 49.1 and 54.5%. Production predictions show that under the permeability of 0.01 mD, 0.05 mD, and 0.10 mD, cumulative gas productions in 10 years for a single well range from 1.7 × 106 m3 to 3.2 × 106 m3, and those for a well group consisting of five wells vary from 10.5 × 106 m3 to 19.2 × 106 m3. Thus, this area will have a high value for coalbed methane exploitation after stimulating the reservoir to increase permeability successfully.
Developing empathy and support for students with the “most challenging behaviors:” Mixed-methods outcomes of professional development in trauma-informed teaching practices
Authors: Koslouski Jessica B.
Published: September 2022

This mixed-methods study investigated the learning and shifts in teaching practices that educators reported after participating in a trauma-informed schools professional development intervention. Training participants were 61 educators at a suburban U.S. elementary school. The year-long intervention included three after-school trainings, classroom coaching for a subset of teachers, and evaluation of school policies with administrators. Interview (n = 16) and survey (n = 22) data were collected. Quantitative results indicated that educators reported substantial shifts in their thinking and teaching practices. Almost half reported that their thinking shifted a lot and 55% reported that their practices shifted somewhat. Qualitative themes demonstrated increased understandings of trauma and secondary traumatic stress; increased empathy for students, families, colleagues, and compassion for self; enacting proactive strategies; reappraising interactions with students; increased collaboration with colleagues; and enacting self-care strategies as a result of participating in the professional development intervention. Results have implications for policy and practice, particularly the need for implementation and evaluation of trauma-informed approaches during and after the COVID-19 pandemic.
Regulation of Pdx1 by oxidative stress and Nrf2 in pancreatic beta-cells
Authors: Baumel-Alterzon Sharon , Scott Donald K.
Published: September 2022

The beta-cell identity gene, pancreatic duodenal homeobox 1 (Pdx1), plays critical roles in many aspects of the life of beta-cells including differentiation, maturation, function, survival and proliferation. High levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) are extremely toxic to cells and especially to beta-cells due to their relatively low expression of antioxidant enzymes. One of the major mechanisms for beta-cell dysfunction in type-2 diabetes results from oxidative stress-dependent inhibition of PDX1 levels and function. ROS inhibits Pdx1 by reducing Pdx1 mRNA and protein levels, inhibiting PDX1 nuclear localization, and suppressing PDX1 coactivator complexes. The nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor (Nrf2) antioxidant pathway controls the redox balance and allows the maintenance of high Pdx1 levels. Therefore, pharmacological activation of the Nrf2 pathway may alleviate diabetes by preserving Pdx1 levels.