bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Knowledge, Attitude and Practice among Myope Students
Authors: Fatima Naseer , Siddique Muhammad , Azeem Omair , Jabbar Maryam , Rashid Faisal , Shahid Muhammad Hamza
Published: July 2022

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the knowledge, attitude, and practice of myope students at The University of Faisalabad. Methods: Descriptive study was conducted to interpret the medical students’ knowledge, attitudes, and practice about myopia. An organized questionnaire with 14 questions was created. The research was carried out between December 2021 and April 2022 in different medical colleges of Punjab. The sample size was 300 female adolescents ranging in age from 18 to 26 years. Results: 300 Asian myopic medical students participated in this study. All were females. The subjects were divided into three groups on the basis of classification of myopia. 1. High myopes 2.Moderate Myopes 3.Low myopes. 234 students had heard of myopia, while 42 students (14%) had not. Out of the 300 participants, 227 (75.6%) were aware that they have myopia, and 230 (76.6%) students are aware that myopes were unable to see clearly at a distance. 245 participants (81.6%) had a history of myopia in their families. Only 81 (or 27% of the total) for a routine yearly eye exam visited an eye doctor or optometrist. 121 (40.3%) of them preferred contact lenses to glasses. Only 57 individuals (19%) wear glasses constantly while 193 people (64.3%) didn’t. 134 respondents (44.6%) had a bad attitude regarding those who wear glasses. On average, 210 students (70%) spent fewer than 6 hours outside whereas 189 students (63 %) spent more than 6 hours on screens. Conclusion: In this study parental history was positive and screen time was more than 6 hours. Outdoor activities were reduced and also vitamin A intake was reduced. All above possibility were leading factors to progression of myopia in medical students. Keywords: Knowledge, Attitude, Practice, Myopia, Refractive error
Comparison of the Efficacy of TNO and Titmus Fly in Myopic Anisometropes
Authors: Kiran Ayesha , Rashid Faisal , Siddique Muhammad , Jabbar Maryam , Shahid Muhammad Hamza , Khokhar Sehrish Qayyum , Niazi Mashal , Aftab Warda , Naseem Kousar
Published: July 2022

Objectives: The aim of this study is to evaluate the stereo acuity in anisometropic myopes and to compare efficacy of TNO and Titmus fly test. Methodology: The cross sectional study design was carried out from September 2021 to May 2022 at eye departments of different teaching hospitals of Punjab. A total study sample of 150 subjects age range between 11-33 years of both gender (male and female) having myopic anisometropia (with moderate and severe degree of anisometopia) were included in this study. All other types of refractive error except myopic anisometropes, all ocular pathologies and systemic pathologies were excluded from the study. After taking informed consent from the individual’s subject to undergo routine ophthalmological examinations, including slit lamp examination of the inner and posterior chamber of the eye and best corrected visual acuity of both eyes (BCVA). Steroacuity test TNO and Titmus were performed to evaluate the stereopsis of myopic anisometropes. Data analysis was done by SPSS version 20. Independent sample t test was used for statistically analysis. Results: Results showed that stereopsis gets reduced by myopic anisometropia. As the level of anisometropia increase from 1D and above, the stereopsis deteriorates in case of myopic anisometropia Conclusion: TNO is considered more reliable as compared to Titmus fly test as the level of difficulty is more in TNO and is independent of monocular clues. Keywords: Depth perception, Myopic anisometropes, TNO test, Titmus stereoacuity test.
Identification of Gall Stones through Ultrasonography in Asymptomatic Patients
Authors: Memon Imran Khan , Das Bhagwan , Daseja Kailash Kumar , . Inayatullah , Rasul Muhammad Rashid , Phul Akhtar Hussain
Published: July 2022

Objective: To identify gall stones through ultrasonography in asymptomatic patients. Study Design: Prospective study Place and Duration of Study: Department of Radiology, Chandka Medical College Hospital, Larkana from 1st January 2021 to 31st December 2021. Methodology: Two hundred and fifty patients who were not having symptoms of gallbladder stones and were diagnosed through ultrasonography were enrolled. The examination was recommended post 8 hour fasting period. The stones which were stuck in neck of gallbladder or main gallbladder were also observed and their dimensional measurements were taken. The inflammation of the gallbladder was analyzed through the gallbladder thickness. All the demographic variables and clinical outcomes were documented on a well-structured questionnaire. Results: The mean age of the patients was 39.9±3.4 years with highest number of patients who came for an ultrasound was between 38-42 years. There were more women suffering from asymptomatic gallbladderstones. The ultrasonographic evaluation showed that only 6% patients with symptomatic cholelithiasis had gallbladder wall thickening greater than 3mm. Pericholecystic fluid was also not presented in majority of the patients. Ultrasonography was positively able to identify gall stones in 97% of the asymptomatic cases Conclusion: Ultrasonography gave substantial results in almost 97% of the patients. Radiologists should have expertise in prompt diagnosis and treatment of underlying condition. Keywords: Gall stones, Asymptomatic, Ultrasonography, Mortality, Bile duct
Estimation of Soluble Receptor Advanced Glycation End-Products in Diabetic Patients Type 2 Patients in Najaf City, Iraq
Authors: Makki Nahlah F. , Mahmmad Sanad B. , Ahmed Ali A.
Published: July 2022

Diabetes is a complex metabolic disruption affecting the glucose level of the human body. Intracellular hyperglycemia promotes mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, ROS directly improve the expression of inflammatory, these inflammations are associated with the level of soluble receptors for advanced glycation end-products (sRAGE) in serum. in this work assessed the level of (sRAGE) and study its potential as a biomarker for diabetes mellitus. The research included 108 Iraqis between the ages of (35-65) years of both sexes. The individuals were divided into two groups, (63) with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and (45) control group, most of the tests serum have been measurements by colourimetric methods, and sRAGE levels in serum were evaluated by ELISA Technique. The results of the investigation showed that the sRAGE mean was more elevated compared to the mean of the control group (p < 0.00001). Statistical study of Pearson's correlation illustrated that the sRAGE level is high positively with FBG, and HBA1C (r = 0.878, p < 0.00001), (r = 0.422, P=0.05) respectively. While, negatively correlation with insulin level (r = -0.204, p = 0.010). Furthermore, most the sRAGE level denoted a positive significant correlation with kidney function parameters inclusive urea, creatinine, and ACR, except eGFR was a negative significant (r = 0.422, p = 0.05), (r = 0.501, p = 0.01), (r = 0.435, p = 0.030), (r = -0.539, p = 0.011) respectively. These results support a strong relationship between serum sRAGE level and indicators of hyperglycemia, so we can conclude that it is a great biomarker for predicting of diabetes mellitus. Keywords: ELISA, HOMA, Insulin, sRAGE, Inflamations.
Diagnosis of Gardnerella Vaginalis Isolated from Vaginal Discharge of Women in Babylon Province
Authors: Abdullah Sawsan Talal. , Althahab Azhar O. , Jabuk Sura I.A.
Published: July 2022

Bacterial vaginitis is a prevalent condition that affects women all over the world and is the most common cause of vaginitis that has been recognized. Gardnerella vaginalis was found to be the most often identified pathogen in the vaginal discharge samples taken from patients diagnosed with vaginal infections. Two hundred (100 for Amsel test, 100 for culture) vaginal samples were taken from 100 women (two swaps from each woman) by the gynecologist to study the identification of G. vaginalis by Wet smear, Direct staining, Amsel test, Culture identification, and Molecular identification by 16sRNA. The result of Amsel test presents 10(18%) samples positive to four Amsels criteria and other samples positive to three of Amsel’s criteria from the 56 samples for positive Gardnerella vaginalis samples. The result of culture, biochemical, and Gram stain present the percentage of samples positive for G. vaginalis was 56 (56%). Electrophoresis of the PCR results of G. vaginalis DNA extracted from vaginal samples revealed the presence of a band with a size of 300 base pairs in only 12 of the 56 positive culture samples. As a result, it is imperative that diagnostic techniques for the detection of this illness be improved, particularly in terms of differentiating BV from other potential causes of vaginal infections Keywords: Bacterial vaginitis, Amsel test, Polymerase chain reaction.
Studying Kinetic and Thermodynamic Parameters of the Interaction of Ceftriaxone with Albumin Extracted from Healthy and Covid-19 Plasma
Authors: Badi Wejdan Wadi , Sieadi Wadhah Naji. Al , Mathkor Thikra Hasan
Published: July 2022

Because it has been well defined, bovine serum albumin (BSA) is highly suited to pharmacological effects, biotransformation, and bio-distribution of medicines initial research. Drug–protein interactions in the blood stream are known to have a significant impact on drug distribution, free concentration, and metabolism. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has spread globally as a severe pandemic. It is a serious threat to healthcare systems, economies, and is devastating to some populations, such as the elderly and those with comorbidities. Unfortunately, there is still no effective cure for COVID-19, especially the critically ill patients. The link between the mortality risk of patients hospitalized for COVID-19 and the function of blood albumin levels has been investigated. Because of albumin biological significance, the study goal conducted to apply spectroscopic methods to explore and comparing the kinetic and thermodynamic aspects of ceftriaxone's interaction with BSA, albumin isolated from healthy and covid-19 plasma. A pooled plasma from healthy and hospitalized covid-19 individuals (Karbala Province / Iraq) was used to purify albumin using HPLC technique. UV-vis spectrophotometric measurements of albumin‒ceftriaxone complex formation recorded at different pH ( 7, 7.2, 7.4, 7.6 & 7.8) in phosphate buffer solution, and at six different temperatures (298, 301, 304, 307, 310 & 313) K. The equilibrium constant and the thermodynamic parameter such as ΔG, ΔH and ΔS were calculated. The drug-albumin (BSA, healthy and Covid-19 albumin) complexes are stable in 60 to 300 minutes, as evidenced by the steady absorbance studies. The reaction is from the first false order for drug-albumin (BSA, healthy and covid-19 plasma) complexes. Our finding suggesting the reaction is from the first false order. In the case of plasma albumin from individuals infected with - Covid-19, the values of (R2) are closer together. This is because the medication dominates the formation of a more stable complex with albumin. The stoichiometric ratio (coordination number) of complex between ceftriaxone and albumin at 298 k and pH=7.4 is 1:1. The Gibbs free energy for albumin‒ ceftriaxone is negative, indicating that the reaction is spontaneous. The positive enthalpy of contact indicates that the process is endothermic, requiring energy input. Positive enthalpy and entropy change also refer to the hydrophobic association and electrostatic contact that occurs between albumin molecules and ceftriaxone. It is worth noting that the complex formed between bovine albumin and the medication has less absorbency at pH = 7.4. That is, the complex is more stable, and it prefers natural helical shapes. Additionally, as the pH value shifts away from physiological (> 7.4 <), the intensity of complex absorption increases. Keywords: Ceftriaxone, Bovine serum albumin, Covid-19 albumin, purification of albumin
Study of Irisin Level Hormone and Some Biochemical Parameters in Iraqi Diabetic Type 2 without Hypothyroidism
Authors: Hashim Huda Amjad , Al-Shammaa Nawal.M.J.
Published: July 2022

This case-control study's purpose is to investigate serum irisin. levels and their role in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) who don't have hypothyroidism. A total of 60 patients with T2DM were chosen as the) case group (based on the grounds for inclusion and exclusion, and a 1:1 ratio was determined based on the patients' inclusion rate. This cohort, which was created at the Medical City / Baghdad Teaching Hospital, consisted of adults aged 30 to 60. The control group consisted of 60 healthy volunteers of the same gender and age. Clinical data on the participants was collected in order to determine their medical history, BMI, fasting blood glucose (FBS), hemoglobin (HbA1c), insulin, and serum lipid levels. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent test was used to measure the amount of irisin in the blood (ELISA). The data was analyzed using SPSS 23.0 software. only one variable. The amount of irisin in the T2DM group was substantially higher than in the control group (12.77±2.236 ng /mL and 4.121±0.308 ng /mL, respectively, according to single factor analysis. BMI, fasting blood sugar (FBS), HbA1c, insulin, total cholesterol (TC), and triglyceride (TG) levels were all higher with statistically significant differences, the T2DM group outperformed the control group. Keywords: Irisin; Type 2 diabetic mellitus
Identidades estetizadas, interacciones mediatizadas: un abordaje de Instagram desde la sociosemiótica
Authors: Moreno Barreneche Sebastián
Published: July 2022

Este artículo estudia Instagram desde una perspectiva sociosemiótica. A partir del análisis de las funcionalidades que la plataforma ofrece a sus usuarios en relación a la proyección de la identidad personal, así como de las interacciones con otros usuarios que son posibles en la plataforma, se argumenta que los códigos que rigen la producción de sentido en Instagram promueven una “estetización del yo”, esto es, un proceso de estilización en el que el componente visual desempeña un rol central en la construcción y gestión de las identidades personales. Como resultado de dicha estetización, las interacciones en esta plataforma digital están mediadas por dichas construcciones semióticas, fuertemente estilizadas y regidas por la lógica de la mediatización.
Економічні засади сприяння згуртованості громад
Authors:   Національний інститут стратегічних досліджень, Химинець В. В. , Головка А. А. ,   Національний інститут стратегічних досліджень, Жаліло Я. А. ,   Національний інститут стратегічних досліджень, Двігун А. О. ,   Національний інститут стратегічних досліджень, Лісогор Л. С. ,   Національний інститут стратегічних досліджень, Баринова Д. С. ,   Національний інститут стратегічних досліджень, Нестеренко В. В. ,   Національний інститут стратегічних досліджень
Published: July 2022

Значне розширення управлінських і бюджетних повноважень, наданих органам місцевого самоврядування (далі – ОМС), ускладнює набір інструментів активізації місцевого економічного розвитку та реалізації затребуваних громадою соціальних і бізнес-ініціатив. Повноцінне запровадження цього інструментарію можливе лише за умови високого рівня згуртованості громад, яка виявляється у спроможності громади об’єднуватися відповідно до спільних цілей розвитку, за активної участі населення у розв’язанні проблем місцевого значення, подолання соціальної ізоляції та соціальної дезінтеграції; взаємної довірі між владою, бізнесом і громадськістю. Досягнення високого рівня соціальної згуртованості населення в українських реаліях ускладнюється особливостями менталітету й громадянської культури, специфікою політичного ландшафту регіонів, які накладаються на соціальну, етнічну та конфесійну строкатість громад і регіонів України, а також на процес зростання внутрішньорегіональної та міжрегіональної диспаритетності рівнів їхнього розвитку. При цьому ризики для згуртованості постають як у депресивних, так і в успішних регіонах, а їхнім джерелом є інституційна недостатність в умовах глобальних трансформацій. Досягнути згуртованості громад можливо за допомогою забезпечення інклюзивності управління на локальному рівні (що передбачає створення та функціонування інститутів комунікації, організацію суспільного діалогу), розвитку публічно-приватного партнерства, імплементації завдань щодо досягнення згуртованості до місцевих та регіональних стратегій розвитку, розвитку міжмуніципальної, міжрегіональної та міжнародної (включно транскордонної) співпраці. Мета доповіді – виокремити та охарактеризувати дієві інструменти соціальної та економічної політики, використання яких сприятиме досягненню високого рівня згуртованості громад як передумови реалізації їх внутрішнього потенціалу до розвитку та закріплення позитивних здобутків децентралізації.
Sensorineural hearing loss during and post COVID-19 infections
Authors: Qaloosiraqia Raaed Khudhur Elias , Al-Karawi Hameed Ahmed Yassin
Published: July 2022

In order to learn more about the possible causes of sudden sensorineural hearing loss caused by the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), we are looking for new patients who have been diagnosed with SSNHL. The results of a comprehensive study were using the databases of PubMed and Google Scholar. Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Preferred Reporting Items: Following the Prisma guidelines was done. Sensorineural hearing loss" and "+" were among the terms we searched for. Hearing loss due to sensorineural infection with SARS-CoV-2, also known as "COVID-19." "Coronavirus". Exclusion criteria were used to exclude studies from the review. Of The initial search yielded 20 articles, but only five of them met the inclusion criteria. Included in the articles were total of seven patients were studied in four case studies and one letter to the editor Patients of all ages and genders were able to participate Positive for COVID-19 and displaying SSNHL on either one or both sides hearing loss was reported by seven of the patients Five patients reported dizziness and nausea. Sensorineural deafness that appears out of nowhere (SSNHL) otolaryngologists frequently encounter this condition.
Floristic and structural composition of secondary native forest remnants in the western Cordillera of the Ecuadorian Andes
Authors: Apuntes Edison Hidalgo Solano , Pinargote Carlos Eulogio Belezaca
Published: July 2022

This study aims to diagnose the floristic and structural composition of the secondary native forest of Jalligua Alto, Cotopaxi province. Seven sampling units were installed, considering the area covered by the secondary forest, at an altitude above 1000 meters above sea level. Indicators of diameter, total height of individuals, species, family, and importance value index (IVI) were used to demonstrate the floristic composition and structure of the vegetation. In this study, a total of 637 individuals belonging to 47 species and corresponding to 30 families were recorded, with Lauraceae being the most diverse, with 6 species, followed by the Meliaceae family, with 4 species. The most abundant species was Cecropia sciadophylla Mart. followed by Croton lechleri and Trema micrantha. However, from an ecological point of view, Guarea trichiloides is the most important species in the area with 29.85 %, due to its dominance (greater basal area). In the study area, 71 timber trees greater than 7.5 cm DBH were recorded, with a basal area of 3.76 m2, a total volume of 79.17 m3, and a commercial volume of 48.15 m3, the highest volume belongs to G. trichiloides, with 24.11 m3 followed by Nectandra sp with 17.32 m3.
Managing domestic life and dream career in Kavita Daswani’s The Village Bride of Beverly Hills
Authors: Abilashini C , Florence S.
Published: July 2022

Kavita Daswani’s second novel The Village Bride of Beverly Hills, also published as Everything Happen for a Reason is one of her romantic comedies. The novel deals with Priya married to Sanjay. After marriage she moves to Los Angeles with her husband. In America she encounters her husband’s demanding parents, who want her to be a good Indian wife, and is expected to fulfill all the needs of his family members. Priya wants to be a journalist, but her husband’s family forbids it. She eventually takes a job as a receptionist at a Hollywood Gossip magazine. She turns herself as an American by wearing western attire and begins to rethink the role of women in society and her role as a wife. When she gets a chance to interview a Hollywood star, she becomes a successful reporter. Her new career sets her newly found views of her family and husband, leading to confrontation.
QUALITY ASSESSMENT OF SOME MARKETED HEPATOPROTECTIVE POLYHERBAL FORMULATIONS
Authors:   Dept. of Pharmacognosy, Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Borgaon (Meghe), Wardha - 442 001, Maharashtra, India, Ganjiwale Rajendra O. , Yeole Pramod G. , Singhavi Dilesh J.
Published: July 2022

The present study was proposed for assessing the variation in quality of some hepatoprotective polyherbal products that are widely available in the market. Different brands of marketed hepatoprotective formulations were evaluated in the present investigation with respect to qualitative analysis by HPTLC, phytochemical evaluation and heavy-metal detection. Among all formulations, it was observed that formulation of Brand C showed maximum amount of phenolic content, tannin content, and flavonoid content. In HPTLC chromatograms of formulations of various brands, spots with RF values (0.46 ±0.3 and 0.86±0.3, respectively) were found, which confirmed the presence of andrographolide and phyllanthin in them. The increased risk of harmful side effects to the patients was indicated by the presence of heavy metals in some formulations above the permissible limits. The present study gives an insight into the fact that there is a requirement to prepare stricter quality control procedures and parameters for formulations for consumer safety.
STEM Education in Chinese Herbal Medicine
Authors: Law Siukan , Au Dawn Chingtung , Leung Albert Wingnang , Xu Chuanshan
Published: July 2022

“STEM Education” is an innovative teaching approach and positioned to develop diverse student potentials to meet future challenges, especially to enhance students’ learning ability, and improve their critical thinking skills. “Chinese Herbal Medicine” is a Chinese medicine subject. This is so boring if the student learns with a traditional teaching approach, and it's hard to remember all of the things. How do we incorporate this boring subject into STEM education to draw their attention? As the STEM Education just start at the beginning, much more works need to be done, such as modifying and updating some curriculums in Chinese medicine after the collection of data from students.
STEM Education of the Nanotechnology in Chinese Herbal Medicine
Authors: Law Siukan , Au Dawn Chingtung , Leung Albert Wingnang , Xu Chuanshan
Published: July 2022

“STEM education” is the study of teaching and learning, and “Nanotechnology” is the technology that promises scientific advancement in the Traditional Chinese Medicines. How does STEM education fuse with the nanotechnology of Chinese herbal medicine? This short commentary discusses the modification of a traditional teaching plan, including lectures, laboratory teaching, and activities as well as open-mind discussion. However, it is just the beginning, and much more works need to be done on the nanotechnology and Chinese herbal medicine curriculum in the future for further development.
Seeking Novel Low-Symmetry 2D Materials with Strong In-plane Anisotropy
Authors: Yang Shengxue
Published: July 2022

Low-symmetry 2D materials, such as black phosphorus (BP), ReS2, etc., usually exhibit unique characteristic of its in-plane anisotropy. Inspired by this, the searching for novel low-symmetry 2D materials beyond BP and ReS2 is essential for creating polarization dependent devices and will benefit the future explorations of heterojunction on low-symmetry 2D materials. This perspective reviews the research on structure, characterization and applications of low-symmetry 2D materials.
Resource Communication: ForestAz - Using Google Earth Engine and Sentinel data for forest monitoring in the Azores Islands (Portugal)
Authors: Fernández-Urrutia Manuel , Gil Artur
Published: July 2022

Aim of study: ForestAz application was developed to (i) map Azorean forest areas accurately through semiautomatic supervised classification; (ii) assess vegetation condition (e.g., greenness and moisture) by computing and comparing several spectral indices; and (iii) quantitatively evaluate the stocks and dynamics of aboveground carbon (AGC) sequestrated by Azorean forest areas.
Area of study: ForestAz focuses primarily on the Public Forest Perimeter of S. Miguel Island (Archipelago of the Azores, Portugal), with about 3808 hectares.
Material and methods: ForestAz was developed with Javascript for the Google Earth Engine platform, relying solely on open satellite remote sensing data, as Copernicus Sentinel-1 (Synthetic Aperture Radar) and Sentinel-2 (multispectral).
Main results: By accurately mapping S. Miguel island forest areas using a detailed species-based vegetation mapping approach; by allowing frequent and periodic monitoring of vegetation condition; and by quantitatively assessing the stocks and dynamics of AGC by these forest areas,  this remote sensing-based application may constitute a robust and low-cost operational tool able to support local/regional decision-making on forest planning and management.
Research highlights: This collaborative initiative between the University of the Azores and the Azores Regional Authority in Forest Affairs was selected to be one of the 99 user stories by local and regional authorities described in the catalog edited by the European Commission, the Network of European Regions Using Space Technologies (NEREUS Association), and the European Space Agency (ESA).
La adquisición de conocimientos jurídicos a través del análisis
jurisprudencial
Authors: Mate Satué Loreto Carmen
Published: July 2022

En el capítulo se expone una experiencia metodológica para el aprendizaje del
Derecho consistente en la lectura pautada de resoluciones judiciales por parte de
estudiantes para la adquisición autónoma de conocimientos.
Relationship between vitamin D and blood pressure in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in semi-urban North Indian population
Authors: Khan Irfan , Chandra Shalini , Kanojia Mohan
Published: July 2022

Background: Besides being associated with cardiovascular diseases, hypertension has emerged as a risk factor for diabetes. A few studies have focused on the role of vitamin D in the control of blood pressure in hypertensive people. There is still debate about whether serum vitamin D levels play a role in causing hypertension or not.

Aim and Objectives: The aim of this study was to find out the relationship between vitamin D and blood pressure in type diabetes.

Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional observational study, a total of 180 type 2 diabetes patients participated. Patients were divided into two groups on the bases of Vitamin D levels. Vitamin D levels below 20 ng/ml are considered Vitamin D deficient and more than 20ng/ml are considered as no vitamin D deficient. An independent t-test was used for comparison of glycemic parameters and blood pressure between the two groups. Person correlation was used to find out the relationship between Vitamin D and blood pressure.

Results: Glycated hemoglobin and fasting plasma glucose were significantly higher in vitamin D deficient groups (P ≤ 0.001). Furthermore, a significant difference was found. In systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and mean arterial pressure (MAP). Moreover, a significant negative correlation was observed only with vitamin D deficient group and SBP (r = –0.22, P = 0.04); it was also true for DBP and MAP (r = –0.24, P = 0.03, r = –0.24, P = 0.01), respectively.

Conclusion: A low vitamin D is negatively associated with blood pressure in type 2 diabetic patients. Vitamin D supplementation can improve blood pressure along with glycemic parameter.
Evaluation of the attitude and behavior on COVID-19 vaccination among medical students of Texila American university-college of medicine
Authors: Bhonsle Ashwini , Barnes Lance , Gordon Janielle , Rhoden Malik , Nadipelly Jagan
Published: July 2022

Background: Among the frontline healthcare workers who may encounter COVID-19 patients are medical students. It is critical to quickly reach high COVID-19 vaccination coverage rates in this population. They will be tasked with making vaccine recommendations and offering advice to people who are vaccine-resistant as future health-care providers.

Aim and Objective: The present study was created to evaluate medical students’ attitudes and behaviors about the COVID-19 immunization.

Materials and Methods: Following Institutional Review Board permission, the study was carried out at Texila American University’s College of Medicine. A 15-item survey was completed by about 110 medical students to gauge their beliefs and actions on the COVID-19 vaccination. On statistical product and service solutions 16, descriptive analysis was used to analyze the data.

Results: The majority of participants had favorable opinions toward vaccinations and believed that the COVID-19 immunization is crucial, but only 53% said that they would take part in a trial of the COVID-19 vaccine, and 65% said that they would not take the flu vaccine this flu season. The majority of students expressed the opinion that vaccinations are essential for maintaining health and that family members should also obtain them. Students who were ready to receive the vaccination right away were more inclined to believe in public health professionals, worry about side effects, and support vaccination laws.

Conclusion: The study assessed medical students’ attitudes and behaviors about receiving the COVID-19 vaccine and emphasizes the necessity for an educational curriculum regarding the vaccine’s safety and efficacy to encourage uptake.
ТИМБІЛДИНГ ЯК ІННОВАЦІЙНИЙ МЕТОД ЕФЕКТИВНОГО РОЗВИТКУ КОЛЕКТИВУ
Authors: Кучеренко Аліна
Published: July 2022

У статті розглянуто поняття тимбілдингу, його функції, зв’язок із навчанням і розвитком колективу.  Акцентовано увагу на необхідності застосування тимбілдингу як основи ефективного розвитку колективу, що впливає на побудову ефективної команди задля успішного навчання та виховання молодого покоління. У статті наведено цікавий досвід використання зазначеної технології.  Проаналізовано умовні етапи формування колективу та доцільність застосування методів тимбілдингу в системі освіти на всіх етапах його формування та розвитку. Запропоновано нові вправи з тимбілдингу, які виконують додаткові функції формування команди для проведення  успішного навчання  в закладах дошкільної освіти, загальної середньої освіти та закладах професійно-технічної освіти.  Розглянуто різноаспектні дослідження вчених, які активно займалися розробленням різносторонніх моделей і методів, що спрямовані на підвищення ефективності роботи колективу.
Contributing Factors for the Empowerment of Women in Tamil Nadu – A Critical Analysis
Authors:   Department of Agril. Ext. and Rural Sociology, TNAU, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, S. Elakkiya,
Published: July 2022

The study focused to assess the contributing factors i.e. association and contribution of socio economic characteristics with empowerment of Pudu Vazhvu project women members. The study carried out in Namakkal district because it is one of the districts in Tamil Nadu where Pudu Vazhvu project was implemented. A sample of 132 respondents were selected from two blocks (six villages) by using Proportionate Random Sampling technique. Correlation and Multiple Regression analysis were used to draw meaningful interpretation by using IBM SPSS software. The results inferred that occupational status (X3), leadership abilities (X10) had positive signifi cant association with empowerment at fi ve per cent level of probability. Information sharing behaviour (X14) had signifi cant contribution at one per cent level of probability. Age (X1) had signifi cant contribution at one per cent level of probability but the contribution was negative. The results inferred that a unit increase in occupational status, leadership abilities, and information sharing behaviour would result in 1.692, 0.654 and 1.765 units increase in the level of participation respectively. A unit increase in age will decrease in the level of participation by 0.378 unit.
ĐÁNH GIÁ CHỈ SỐ GIẢI PHẪU C1, C2 TRÊN CẮT LỚP VI TÍNH PHỤC VỤ PHẪU THUẬT CHẤN THƯƠNG CỘT SỐNG CỔ CAO
Authors: Lê Viết Dũng , Nguyễn Duy Hùng
Published: July 2022

TÓM TẮTMục tiêu: Đánh giá các chỉ số giải phẫu căn bản của C1,C2 trên cắt lớp vi tính ở người Việt Nam phục vụ cho phẫu thuật chấn thương cột sống cổ cao qua lối sau.Phương pháp nghiên cứu: Mô tả hồi cứu.Đối tượng nghiên cứu: Từ tháng 10 năm 2017 đến tháng 4 năm 2018, 120 bệnh nhân được chụp CLVT đa dãy cột sống cổ, không có chấn thương và bệnh lý cột sống cổ cao, được chọn lựa nghiên cứu. Chúng tôi tiến hành đo đạc các chỉ số giải phẫuquan trọng của C1, C2 trên các mặt phẳng axial, sagittal, coronal. So sánh sự khác biệt giữa 2 bên phải và trái, giữa nam và nữbằng T-test với p< 0,05 có ý nghĩa thống kê.Kết quả: Đường kính trước sau và đường kính ngang trung bình của khối bên C1 lần lượt là 19,7±2,1 mm và 12,2±1,7 mm. Góc chếch tối đa của vis hướng vào trong, ra ngoài, lên trên, xuống dưới, có giá trị trung bình lần lượt là 36,6±,.8°, 28,2±3,0°, 49,6±4,1° và 26,4±5,5°. Giá trị trung bình của chiều cao eo, chiều cao trong, bề rộng cuống C2 lần lượt là 5,8±1,0 mm, 4,8±1,3 mm and 5,0±1,3 mm. Không có sự khác biệt có ý nghĩa thống kê ở bên phải và trái, giữa nam và nữ. Tần suất của các bất thường giải phẫu động mạch đốt sống trèo cao và hẹp cuống C2 lần lượt là 13,8% và 17,9%.Kết luận: Nghiên cứu chỉ ra rằng một số chỉ số giải phẫu C1, C2 của người Việt Nam có sự khác biệt với các quần thể dân số khác. Một vài trường hợp sẽ không phù hợp với kỹ thuật cố định cột sống cổ thường được áp dụng. Do vậy, đánh giá các chỉ số giải phẫu trước mổ bằng CLVT là hết sức quan trọng nhằm đưa ra chiến lược phẫu thuật thích hợp, hạn chế các tai biếnkhông mong muốn có thể xảy ra.
ADERÊNCIA AO AUTOCUIDADO EM INDIVÍDUOS DIABÉTICOS
Authors: SEGALLA Victória C. , XAVIER Camila Alexandre , BERNART João Guilherme , SCHUITEK Rafael , CARDOSO Thielsen , NIGRO Marcelus Vinicius De Araujo Santos , EULALIO Mariane Wehmuth Furlan , ZAHDI João Otavio Ribas , GAMA Mirnaluci Ribeiro
Published: July 2022

RESUMO - O autocuidado possui papel fundamental no tratamento do diabete e prevenção de suas complicações. Entre os fatores que apresentam associação com a adesão ao autocuidado está o conhecimento do paciente sobre a doença. O presente trabalho possui como objetivo avaliar o conhecimento sobre diabete melito tipo 2 e adesão ao autocuidado. Estudo analítico, observacional, transversal, descritivo. O conhecimento sobre o autocuidado foi feito através de dois questionários validados para a população brasileira: Diabetes Knowlege Scale (DKN-A) e Questionário de Atividade de Autocuidado (QAD). Participaram 61 pacientes. No QAD, observou-se baixa adesão às práticas diárias de autocuidado, sendo que o domínio da atividade física foi a que obteve menor adesão, seguida pela monitorização da glicemia. Quanto aos resultados obtidos no DKN-A, nota-se que a maioria atingiu pontuação igual ou superior a 8, sugerindo conhecimento satisfatório acerca da doença. Em conclusão, observou-se que a maioria atingiu pontuação igual ou superior a 8, sugerindo conhecimento satisfatório. Apesar disso, também a maioria apresentou baixa adesão frente às modificações esperadas no estilo de vida e autocuidado. Sendo assim, o conhecimento sobre a doença não é o único preditor para que isso ocorra
ON THE EXPERIENCE OF PREPARING AUTHENTIC LEARNING MATERIALS IN THE KAZAKH AS A FOREIGN LANGUAGE FOR THE SYSTEM OF FLIPPED TEACHING
Authors:   Hankuk University of Foreign Studies, Seoul, Korea, Kuryshzhan A.
Published: July 2022

The article deals with the preparation of educational materials for teaching Kazakh as a foreign language within the framework of a university course. Taking into account the changing conditions in the systems of university language teaching, there are more and more new requirements for achieving the goals and requirements for preparing a modern specialist who practically knows the language being studied. Emphasizing teaching on achieving a practical level of use of the acquired knowledge and skills requires the teacher to activate all possible ways to prepare relevant and effective learning courses. The author proposes a number of methods and techniques that are possible to use, that are not particularly financially or laborious by to develop and are available for use by a wide range of teaching professionals. Standard means of mass computer text editors, available Internet resources can expand the opportunities for a practicing language teacher to create his own language courses, which makes such materials more effective and the course competitive. The creation of practical learning materials through a specific learning way, the visuality of learning resources, and the active involvement of students in the learning process become valuable opportunities that expand the potential of teaching in the broadest context.
THE METHOD OF TEACHING A «FOREIGN LANGUAGE» BY KOSHKE KEMENGERULY
Authors:   Eurasian Humanitarian Institute, Shormakova A.
Published: July 2022

The author of the article analyzes the methodological works of the correspondent-methodologist Koshke Kemengerovich, who made a contribution to the history of the formation and development of the science of methods of teaching the Kazakh language in the 20s-30s years of the XXth century. The essence and significance of the scientific and methodological works and ideas of K.Kemengeruly in the development of methodological science, the process of continuity with modern trends are studied. Kemengeruly's «textbook for Zhabrop residents» is one of the first textbooks for teaching the Kazakh language to representatives of other nationalities. It was discussed at the meeting of the scientific and methodological Council and proved that the highly appreciated textbook at that time was the main textbook for language learners, differed in content and structure from the previously written textbooks, collected a complex of informative forms of work based on the scientific principles of didactics. Methodological opinions of the scientist, methods and methods of teaching the Kazakh language, which allow us to improve the theoretical and conceptual aspects of teaching the Kazakh language, complex types of work are considered in conjunction with scientific and methodological works before, before and after him. The author also analyzes the views of the correspondent-methodologist on the problem of teaching the Kazakh language, its characteristic methodological features in teaching the Kazakh language, the main principles of language acquisition, and methods of teaching.
Assessment of Microbiological and Clinical Findings of Two-Stage Revision Arthroplasty Performed Due to Prosthetic Joint Infection
Authors: Bereza Przemysław , Ekiel Alicja , Aptekorz Małgorzata , Kusz Damian , Martirosian Gajane
Published: July 2022

Background. Two-stage revision arthroplasty remains the main surgical strategy for the treatment of prosthetic joint infections (PJI). Sonicate fluid culture has improved sensitivity compared to standard periprosthetic tissue culture, but its usefulness is questionable during the second stage of revision arthroplasty.
Material and methods. Twenty-seven patients with prosthetic joint infection were investigated. Tissue and sonicate fluid cultures were examined to detect bacteria on the removed spacer during the second stage of exchange arthroplasty. Microbiological findings were analyzed and patients were assessed within an average of 5 years’ follow up.
Results. Tissue cultures in second-stage revision arthroplasties were positive in 6/27 cases (22.2%) growing CNS in 4 cases (14.8%), Staphylococcus aureus in 1 case (3.7%), and Enterococcus faecalis in 1 case (3.7%). In 3 cases (11.1%) infection was identified as a result of a sonication procedure. Clinical failures at final follow-up were recorded in 4 (14.8%) patients, with reinfection noted in 3 of them. Arthrodesis and spacer exchange followed by suppressive antibiotic therapy were performed in 2 cases.
Conclusions. 1. Tissue cultures remain the gold standard in diagnosis of PIJ although a negative culture does not rule out the presence of bacteria on spacers re­moved during second stage revision for PJI. 2. Sonication appears to have limited ability to de­tect persistent infection before reimplantation and was not associated with recurrent infection; however, it can be considered a complementary method that could make it possible to identify new micro­organisms and facilitate the selection of appropriate treatment options. 3. The positive results of sonication should be interpreted as the detection of actual pathogens in the light of the clinical, microbiological and histo­pathological data, especially for patients with im­munodeficiency.
Radial Nerve Palsy in Paediatric Humeral Shaft Fractures: Incidence and Management
Authors: Wiktor Łukasz , Tomaszewski Ryszard
Published: July 2022

Background. Humeral shaft fractures are relatively rare in the paediatric population. The purpose of our study was to retrospectively evaluate all humeral shaft fractures treated at a children's trauma centre and assess cases involving radial nerve injury.
Material and methods. We retrospectively evaluated a group of 5 skeletally immature patients with radial nerve palsy out of a total of 104 patients with humeral shaft fractures treated in our hospital between January 2011 and De­cember 2021.
Results. The study group consisted of four boys and one girl aged 8.6 to 17.2 years (average age 13.6). Mean follow-up duration was 18.4 months. We diagnosed two open and three closed fractures. There were two cases of neurotme­sis, two cases of nerve entrapment within the fracture site and one case of neuropraxia. Bone union and functional re­covery was achieved in all five patients.
Conclusions. 1. Humeral shaft fractures complicated with radial nerve palsy are a challenging medical problem; 2. The incidence of radial nerve injury in the paediatric population is significantly lower than in adults; in our study, it accounted for 4.8% of all humeral shaft fractures; 3. Expectant observation without nerve exploration is reasonable in fractures caused by a low-energy trauma; 4. Early surgical nerve exploration combined with fracture stabilisation is highly recommended in fractures due to a high-energy trauma.
The Work of Janina Sikorska-Tomaszewska, Associate Professor of Medical Sciences, Towards the Development of Rehabilitation in Poland in the Years 1948-1978
Authors: Jandziś Sławomir , Migała Mariusz
Published: July 2022

Based on an analysis of archival materials from the private collections of Janina Sikorska-Tomaszewska’s family, the Document Repository of Wiktor Dega Memorial Orthopedics and Rehabilitation Hospital in Poznań, articles from daily press and some publications, the authors present the work of Janina Sikorska-Tomaszewska (1911–1998), Associate Professor of Medical Sciences, towards the development of rehabilitation in Poland in the years 1948–1978. Her organizational, educational and scientific activity in the early years of the development of rehabilitation medicine in our country contributed significantly to the establishment of the Polish school of rehabilitation. The 30 years of her activity allow Janina Sikorska-Tomaszewska to be counted among the pantheon of founders of rehabilitation in Poland.
Ascenso y caída de los paradigmas visuales: Una entrevista con Mario Carpo
Authors: Fell Contreras Stephannie
Published: July 2022

Entrevista realizada por Stephannie Fell Contrerasen The Bartlett School of Architecture (10 de marzo, 2020) y a trave?s de Zoom (14 de abril, 2020)

Mario Carpo es Reyner Banham Professor de Historia y Teori?a de la Arquitectura en The Bartlett School of Architecture. Especializado en historia de la teori?a arquitecto?nica e historia de las tecnologi?as culturales, se ha enfocado en el periodo moderno temprano y la teori?a del disen?o digital contempora?neo. Es autor de The Second Digital Turn (MIT Press, 2017), The Alphabet and the Algorithm (MIT Press, 2011) y Architecture in the Age of Printing (MIT Press, 2001), entre otros libros.
HOGARES CON TV: ESCENAS DEL ÁLBUM DE FOTOS FAMILIAR
Authors: Spigel Lynn
Published: July 2022

Sobre la base de una coleccio?n de ma?s de 5.000 fotografi?as instanta?neas en que figuran televisores, este ensayo explora co?mo las personas (principalmente en los EE. UU.) visualizaron sus hogares con TV entre las de?cadas de 1950 y 1970. Se indaga en el uso de la TV como lugar para posar y para la presentacio?n de identi- dades individuales y familiares. En lugar de sencillamente limitarse a mirar la TV, las personas llevaron a caboperformances frente al televisor, transformando el aparato de TV en un espacio escenogra?fico. El arti?culo con- sidera una variedad de situaciones espaciales en hogares con TV: desde espacios vaci?os a espacios teatrales y espacios de extran?eza. Se sugiere que la fotografi?a verna?cula proporciona nueva evidencia respecto a la manera en que las personas vivieron con la TV e hicieron de sus hogares “teatros en casa”.
Fungsi Badan Permusyawaratan Desa (BPD) Dalam Menyalurkan Aspirasi Masyarakat Di Desa Tumbang Torung
Authors: Dinisintia Dinisintia , Ibie Evy Novitasari , Hadi Kisno
Published: July 2022

Badan Permusyawaratan Desa memiliki fungsi menyalurkan aspirasi masyarakat desa. Lokasi Penelitian ini dilakukan di Desa Tumbang Torung Kecamatan Bukit Santuai Kabupaten Kotawaringin Timur. Pokok Masalah dalam penelitian ini adalah bagaimana Fungsi Badan Permusyawaratan Desa (BPD) dalam menyalurkan aspirasi masyrakat desa Tumbang Torung dan juga apa saja yang menjadi faktor pendukung dan penghambat pelaksanaan fungsi Badan Permusyawaratan Desa (BPD) dalam menyalurkan aspirasi masyarakat desa Tumbang Torung. Jenis Penelitian yang digunakan adalah jenis penelitian deskriptif. Pendekatan Penelitian ini juga Menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif. Penelitian dilakukan di desa Tumbang Torung karena belum adanya mahasiswa/i yang melakukan penelitian disana. Bahwa Aspirasi Masyarakat desa itu sendiri tidak hanya sekedar langsung disampaikan oleh pihak Badan Permusyawaratan Desa (BPD) namun juga melalui beberapa langkah-langkah agar dapat tersalurkan dengan baik. Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi dalam hal ini adalah anggota BPD yang masih belum memahami tugas dan fungsi mereka itu sendiri karena banyak anggota BPD yang sudah berusia lanjut dan juga faktor lain yaitu masyarakat yang tidak memahami fungsi BPD dalam menyalurkan aspirasi masyarakat. Saran saya untuk Badan Permusyawaratan Desa Tumbang Torung agar dapat mengevaluasi dari amggotanya sehingga pelaksanaan fungsi tersebut dapat berjalan semestinya. Fungsi, Badan Permusyawaratan Desa (BPD), Aspirasi.