bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Bezpieczeństwo żywnościowe z perspektywy państw Unii Europejskiej
Authors: Michalczyk Joanna
Published: May 2019

Bezpieczeństwo międzynarodowe należy do głównych zainteresowań państw Unii Europejskiej. Wynika to m.in. z nasilania się globalnych zjawisk takich jak: dodatni przyrost liczby ludności, degradacja środowiska naturalnego czy coraz większa współzależność między krajami, będąca efektem pogłębianej kooperacji. Postępująca liberalizacja działalności międzynarodowej zmusiła państwa członkowskie do skrupulatniejszej kontroli przepływów produktów rolno-spożywczych w coraz bardziej rozbudowanych łańcuchach dostaw. Ma to związek m.in. z zagrażającym zdrowiu, a nawet życiu ludzi pogorszeniem ich jakości odżywczo-zdrowotnej. Dlatego niezmiernie ważne stało się opracowanie rozwiązań skupiających się nie tylko na zapewnianiu fizycznego i ekonomicznego dostępu do żywności, lecz również na spełnianiu przez nią określonych standardów gwarantujących jej jakość. Celem opracowania jest wskazanie istoty problemu bezpieczeństwa żywnościowego oraz przedstawienie sposobu, w jaki kraje członkowskie zaangażowały się w jego rozwiązywanie. W związku z tym zarysowano ewolucję koncepcji bezpieczeństwa żywnościowego oraz jego percepcję, a także wskazano czynniki destabilizujące bezpieczeństwo żywnościowe oraz działania państw UE mające na celu jego zachowanie. W opracowaniu posłużono się metodą opisową oraz krytyczną analizą literatury.
A Method to Calculate Corrective Coefficients for the Valuation of Land Rental Payments
Authors: Astrakhantseva Irina Aleksandrovna , Balandina Ekaterina Vyacheslavovna
Published: May 2019

The authors propose a methodology to calculate corrective coefficients in the process of calculating rental fees for land use. Based on the analysis carried out, a list of factors affecting the value of the coefficients is presented: general economic and political factors, factors of the municipality’s socio-economic status, factors of profitability, physical characteristics, and the geographical location of the plots of land. The authors propose a methodology to evaluate land use intensity. The authors calculated corrective coefficients used to determine rental fees for land use in Ivanovo, Russia. According to the results of the analysis, it can be concluded that the proposed methodology makes it possible to establish lower values of the corrective coefficients and, consequently, the rental fee amount for plots of land of social significance which do not yield significant profits. Based on the example of calculating corrective coefficients for land located in the city of Ivanovo, it is possible to note the increased amount of rental fees for land intended for the placement of trade facilities, public catering, consumer services, hotels, businesses and commercial buildings.
Farmers’ perceptions of drought and other production constraints, drought mitigation options, and their implications for groundnut breeding in Uganda
Authors: Kakeeto R. , Sibiya J. , Melis R. , Biruma M.
Published: May 2019

A participatory rural appraisal was conducted in selected groundnut growing areas of Uganda to determine how smallholder farmers perceive and cope with drought, identify farmers’ constraints, and study the production systems, and varietal preferences in groundnut production. Majority of farmers surveyed, agreed that drought is a major production constraint. The local drought perceptions were described by farmers (55.7%) as warm/hot windy conditions in eastern (55.7%), while in the northern region, little rainfall (82.5%) and hot sunny weather in the mid-western region (48.3%). The majority of farmers surveyed, 81.7%, 77.6%, and 86.6% from eastern, northern and mid-western region, respectively, indicated that the major impact of drought was low yields. However, most of farmers especially from northern and mid-western grow landraces and use early planting to cope with drought. Therefore, knowledge of farmers’ perceptions on drought and coping strategies provides an entry point for improving farmers’ preferred varieties for drought tolerance.
Allelopathic effects of root exudates of some weeds on germinability and growth of radish (Raphanus sativus L.) and cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.)
Authors: Akter Pervin , Islam Maksuda
Published: May 2019

The Allelopathy phenomenon is an important component in a natural and an agro-ecosystems causing a stimulatory or inhibitory effect in crop production through the release of allelochemicals to the environment. In this study, the allelopathic effect on seed seed germination, seedling growth, fresh weight, dry weight, vigor index, total chlorophyll and carotenoid contents of radish (Raphanus sativus L.) and cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) to the root exudates of Ageratum conyzoides L. (T1), Leucas aspera (Willd.) Link. (T2), Scoparia dulcis L. (T3), Spilanthes acmella L. (T4) and Vernonia patula (Dryand.) Merr. (T5) were studied in the laboratory. Results showed that the concentrated aqueous root exudates of T5 exerted highly reduced the effect of all the parameters as compared to control (distilled water) followed by T4. However, T2, T3, and T1 showed the least inhibitory effect on both the test crops. In comparison to cucumber, radish was more sensitive to inhibitory effects of aqueous root exudates of these five weeds. The result suggested that the root exudates may affect radish and cucumber seeds due to the inhibitory effect of allelochemicals which were present in the tested weeds.
Assessment of genetic variability, heritability and genetics advance in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes under normal and heat stress condition
Authors: Thapa Ravi Singh , Sharma Pradeep Kumar , Kumar Anuj , Singh Tejbir , Pratap Dharmendra
Published: May 2019

One ninety diverse wheat genotypes were evaluated for genetic varaibilty, heritability and genetic advance under norrmal and heat stress environment at the Research Farm of Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Chaudhary Charan Singh University, Meerut U. P. (India). The genotypes were grown in simple augmented block design and data were collected on fifteen morpho-agronomic characters. Analysis of observed data showed that the mean squares due to treatments for all the traits in both the environment were highly significant. GCV and PCV were highest for canopy temperature depression, grain weight/spike, biological yield/plant, grain yield/plant, tiller number./plant and lowest for days to anthesis. Heritability (bs) estimates were high for canopy temperature depression (CTD), followed by biological yield/plant, grain weight/ spike, grain number. /spike, 1000- grain weight, grain yield/plant, tiller number./plant and lowest for days to heading and days to anthesis in case of both environments. The estimates of genetic advance (GA) were highest for canopy temperature depression followed by grain weight/spike, biological yield/plant, grain yield/spike, tiller number./plant, grain number./spike and lowest for days to heading and days to anthesis under both ( numberrmal and heat stress) environment. This study suggests that the presence of adequate genetic variability, heritability and genetic advance for these traits under norrmal and heat stress environment is suitable for breeding programs and crop improvement.
Management of low nitrogen input with potassium and phosphorus fertilizers for cropping system and yield of Sweet Sorghum Crop (Sorghum bicolour L. Moench) in a field experiment at Panskura, East Midnapore, West Bengal
Authors: Roy Pradip , Basu Satakshi , Chatterjee Jayeeta , Chakraborty Indrani , Dutta Rohan , Barik Samarendra , Goswami Arunava
Published: May 2019

A plot experiment was supervised in open pollinated field to evaluate the response of lower doses of Nitrogen combined with standard to high potassium and Phosphorus doses and the relative effects on sweet sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) yield in Panskura Agriculture Field located at East Midnapore of West Bengal during 2017-18 in a randomized block design (RBD) with three replications. Data were collected on every 30 days interval starting from 40 Days After Sowing (DAS) to 130 DAS. Results revealed that maximum plant height of 193.4 cm was observed in N3P2K2 treatment at 130 DAS, maximum green biomass of 26.84 t/ha was observed with N3P2K3 treatment at 100 DAS, maximum sugar concentration of 10.07 % was observed with N3P2K2 treatment at 100 DAS and highest sugar yield of 1896.88 kg/ha with the same ratio of fertilizer treatment. All the parameters were evaluated to identify the cost-effective status as well as the significance of the study.
Pollen morphology of 15 species in Commelinaceae (Commelinids: Angiosperms) from Andhra Pradesh, India
Authors: Salamma Sugali , Kailas Jangam Ganga , Naik Mudavath Chennakesavulu , Prasad Rao Boyina Ravi , Hari Hari Ramakrishna
Published: May 2019

The present study deals with pollen morphology of fifteen species of Commelinaceae belonging to three genera: Commelina (6 species), Cyanotis (7 species) and Murdannia (2 species), collected from different localities in Andhra Pradesh, India. Species have shown diversity in size, shape and ornamentation, but all share a common feature; heteropolar and monosulcate apertural nature. While all the six species of Commelina have echinate ornamentation, four of them with prolate shape and two others have spheroidal shape. Seven species of Cyanotis have granular ornamentation and prolate in shape, except Cyanotis axillaris which is perprolate. Both the species of Murdannia have granular ornamentation; but differ in shape: prolate in M. nodiflora and perprolate in M. nimmoniana. These observations are of immense value in taxonomical, melissopalynological and aeropalynological studies.
Productivity of grain cowpea in high phosphorus soils as influenced by nutrient interactions
Authors: Anjaly V. , Isaac Sheeba Rebecca
Published: May 2019

A field experiment was conducted in a high phosphorus soil in the southern district of Kerala during January to March 2018 to assess the effect of varying levels of P, K and Zn and their interactions on the productivity of grain cowpea. The treatments included two levels of P, three levels of Zn and two levels of K and was laid out in factorial RBD with three replications. The results of the study revealed that significantly higher yield attributes and yield (pod and grain) were realized through foliar application of Zn as ZnSO4 twice @ 0.025% at branching and at flowering, along with 10 kg K2O ha-1 in the high P soil. The yield was 58 per cent higher than the yield at the lower levels of P, K and Zn tried. Economic analysis also revealed higher benefit cost ratio (1.36) for the combination. Phosphorus application may be skipped in the nutrient package for grain cowpea in high soils. Based on grain yields, it could be interpreted that a negative interaction existed between P and Zn and also between Zn and K. The interaction between P and K was not significant.
Genetic variability and character association in pigeonpea [Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.] core collection
Authors: Hemavathy A. Thanga , Kannan Bapu J. R. , Priyadharshini M.
Published: May 2019

An experiment was conducted in fifty seven pigeonpea genotypes to study the variability, correlation and path coefficient in pigeonpea at Department of Pulses, Centre for Plant Breeding and Genetics, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore during kharif, 2015. The highest GCV was recorded for number of secondary branches/plant (111.73) followed by number of pods/plant (40.73). Heritability in broad sense ranged from 94.66 (pod size) to 99.93 (number of pods per plant). High genetic advance were observed for number of secondary branches/plant (230.00), number of pods per plant (83.88), single plant yield (80.89) and number of racemes (60.41) indicating the prevalence of additive gene action for inheritance of these traits. Character association studies indicated that number of racemes, number of secondary branches, number of primary branches per plant, clusters per plant, pods per plant, pod length, seeds per pod, and 100 seed weight were strongly associated with seed yield. Path coefficient analysis revealed that days to 50 per cent flowering and number of pods per plant had high positive direct effect on seed yield. Pod size had moderate direct effect on seed yield. Hence due emphasis should be given on number of pods per plant for improvement of seed yield in pigeonpea.
Assessment of genetic diversity in germplasm of Guinea grass (Panicum maximum Jacq.)
Authors: Ramakrishnan P. , Babu C. , Iyanar K. , Manivannan N.
Published: May 2019

In the present study, sixty genotypes of Guinea grass were evaluated for assessing genetic diversity for ten different quantitative characters for exploitation in a breeding programme aimed at improving yield potential of Guinea grass by using Mahalanobis D2 statistics. The genotypes were grouped into ten clusters suggesting the presence of genetic diversity. The cluster I had maximum of 30 genotypes followed by II and III having 15 and 7 genotypes, respectively. These clusters having maximum number of genotypes, reflecting narrow genetic diversity. The inter cluster distances were greater than intra cluster distances, revealing that the selected genotypes were highly divergent. The maximum intra cluster distance was recorded for cluster III (5.63) while clusters IV, V, VI, VII and VIII and X (0.00) were solitary and showed no intra-cluster distance values. The genetically more divergent genotypes present in cluster III and IX as indicated by inter cluster distance value (21.63). Cluster VIII and Cluster V had least number of single genotype and emerged with contained highest cluster mean value for number of tillers/plant, number of leaves/plant, good leaf weight, leaf: stem ratio, green fodder yield/plant and crude protein content. Hence, GGLC 12 genotype in cluster VIII and GGLC 19 in cluster V can be successfully utilized in breeding programme for development of Guinea grass varieties with improved fodder yield and quality.
THE EVALUATION OF SOCIAL EFFECTIVENESS OF PRIMARY MEDICAL SANITARY CARE
Authors: Bogatova Inna V. , Shilnikova N. F.
Published: May 2019

Social efficiency of the health care system is a priority type of sector effectiveness at every management level. The actual transformations in organization of medical care require investigation of effectiveness and should not adversely effect on indices of medical organizations functioning. The satisfaction of the population with quality and accessibility of medical care are related to social efficiency evaluation. The sociological surveys pay a special attention to studying conditions of medical services provision, which are assessed by patients subjectively. The article presents the results of a study of patients concerning satisfaction with primary medical sanitary care before and after organization of the Clinical Medical Center in Chita. The estimation of efficiency was implemented on the basis of factor conditionality of satisfaction level. Identification of degree of influence of each factor was implemented using calculation of relative and absolute risks. At that, outcome of medical care provision in the form of satisfaction was considered as an effective criterion and conditions of medical care provision as "risk factors". The study results established increasing of index of patient satisfaction with medical care in the Chita Clinical Medical Center, that testifies high social efficiency. The influence of such factors conditioning a decrease of degree of satisfaction as inconvenient working schedule of physician and violation of ethical deontological standards by the medical workers in relationship with patients was established. The results of studying factor conditionality of patient satisfaction allow to consider them in development of management measures. The necessary elements of development of the system of primary medical sanitary care include implementation of modern information systems, a uniform electronic medical record, remote appointment to physician visit, telemedicine technology, systems of electronic document management.
THE INFORMATIVENESS AND MEDICAL ACTIVITY OF MEDICAL WORKERS CONCERNING ISSUES OF HCV/HBV PREVENTION AND DISPENSARY OBSERVATION OF A-HCV/HBSAG-POSITIVE PATIENTS
Authors: Galova Elena A. , Filippov Yu. N.
Published: May 2019

The article presents the results of questionnaire survey of physicians concerning issues of prevention and dispensary observation of а-HCV/HBsAg positive patients. The study established inadequate awareness and medical activity of physicians concerning issues of prevention and dispensary observation of patients from risk group and patients with viral hepatitis C/B. The working experience and medical length of service without any additional training give no guarantees of sufficient knowledge in issues of prevention, timely detection and corresponding observation of a-HCV/HBsAg positive patients.
THE EVALUATION OF EFFECT OF VARIOUS OUTCOMES OF KIDNEY TRANSPLANTATION SURGERY ON ECONOMIC COSTS UNDER TREATMENT OF KIDNEYS CHRONIC DISEASE
Authors: Lakman I. A. , Khalikova A. A. , Korzhenevskiy Alexey A.
Published: May 2019

The growth of number of patients suffering with chronic kidneys disease became a reverse side of increasing of population life-span during recent decades. The treatment of the given pathology places a heavy burden on state economics. Nowadays, the implementation of kidneys transplantation is the main and only one mode of treatment of this disease permitting both to prolong human life and to significantly ameliorate its quality. The actual problem is the evaluation of economic costs occurring under both successful and unsuccessful outcomes of transplantation. The last one results in returning patient to dialysis procedure. The assessment was applied to direct and indirect expenses of kidney transplantation surgery and post-operational monitoring of patient, including application of dialysis. The expenses of treatment of patient with chronic kidneys disease per one person made annually up to: 1 266 967,88 rubles using dialysis therapy; 1 665 110,19 rubles using transplantation with positive outcome; 2 922 078,07 rubles using transplantation with unsuccessful outcome. Besides, in case of unsuccessful outcome of transplantation total amount of economic losses increased more on 91 343,77 rubles annually at the expense of decreasing of tax levy and increasing of disability compensation.
THE LAW REGULATION OF ANTI-TUBERCULOSIS ACTIVITIES AT THE REGIONAL LEVEL
Authors: Pavlyuchenkova Nadezhda A. , Krikova A. V. , Sakharitova E. A.
Published: May 2019

The article presents the results of analysis of condition of normative legal base regulating anti-tuberculosis care support in the Russian Federation and at the level a single subject of Federation (the Smolensk region). The significant alterations in legislation are emphasized related to means of prevention, diagnostic and chemotherapy of tuberculosis in modern conditions. The necessity of systematic monitoring of epidemiological situation with tuberculosis is demonstrated not only a national scale but also on the level of every region to provide a successful straggle with disease. The health care institutions fill in reporting forms of Federal statistical monitoring and forms of sectoral statistical accounting regulated by the Ministry of health of the Russian Federation. The main directions of state policy are determined concerning pharmaceutical support of particular groups of population, including state guarantee of medical care support of patients with tuberculosis. The economic aspects are considered related first of all to supporting of accessibility of pharmaceuticals purchasing by health care institutions and buying in directly by population. This is implemented by means of organization of financing of pharmaceutical support and state regulation of prices of pharmaceuticals included into list of vitally needed and most important pharmaceuticals that, according decree of the Government of the Russian Federation includes anti-tuberculosis medications. The analysis of characteristics of financing of ant-tuberculosis activities, including at the level of a single region, permitted to establish a number of problems during purchase of anti-tuberculosis medications encountered by subjects due to budget limitations. In particular, a significant financial load was established in particular regions related to purchasing anti-tuberculosis medications needed for treatment of tuberculosis with drug resistance of agent. The projects and programs regulated by legislative base implementing within the framework of struggle with tuberculosis in the Russian Federation and on the level of single subjects of Federation.
THE DISCUSSION ABOUT QUALITY OF OBSTETRIC-GYNECOLOGIC CARE SUPPORT AND PROTECTION OF INTERESTS OF MEDICAL WORKERS
Authors: Mateykovich Elena A.
Published: May 2019

The consideration of obstetric-gynecological care as a medical service generates discussion about its improper provision and is accompanied by attempts of certain patients and their representatives to enrich themselves at the expense of medical organizations and particular physicians. The latter, due to altruism widespread among physicians and professional overloads, cannot effectively protect their own interests. At that, in Russia professional responsibility insurance is still to become available to most health professionals because of unavailability of policies. The number of civil claims related to provision of obstetric and gynecological care is one of the highest one in medicine. Annually, within the framework of one subject of the Russian Federation, in average 4 cases are considered apropos obstetric and gynecological care. Mainly, state health care institutions, providing basic volume of hospital care of women answer these claims. The overwhelming majority of requirements to medical organizations and medical workers is directed to compensation of moral harm and its average amount consists 150-200 thousand rubles. At that, a regressive demand from the prosecutor's office about bringing to material accountability for sum of employer's costs can be sent directly to physician-executor. With an incorrect expert conclusion, responsibility of medical organization and physician can occur even in case of accident when no fault of the medical worker is discovered. The medical organizations themselves, defending their own interests and interests of their employees, allow inconsistency since they do not admit any guilt in the committed defect and simultaneously agree to compensation of moral harm, but in a smaller amount than the patient requires.
THE SOCIAL FINANCIAL LOAD OF OPPORTUNISTIC SCREENING OF BREAST CANCER
Authors: Apanasevich Vladimir I. , Kiku P. F. , Faizinger A. G. , Zagrudinova O. M. , Sedykh A. A. , Yudin S. V. , Moreva V. G. , Sukhova A. V.
Published: May 2019

The study was carried out concerning complex evaluation of financial load of opportunistic screening of breast cancer. The data of established cases of breast cancer and stages of disease are taken from collections "The state of oncologic care in Russia" 2014, 2015 and 2016. The financial expenses for implementation of analog mammography, sonography and physician's examination are taken from "The territorial tariff agreement 2014". The evaluation of X-ray finds was implemented using categories BI-RADS (Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System) proposed by the American College of Radiology. During 2014, in the Primorskiy Krai 40,825 of diagnostic and 50,824 cases of preventive mammography were implemented. In 2015 43,196 diagnostic and 58,567 preventive examinations and in 2016 47,359 diagnostic and 53 973 preventive examinations were implemented correspondingly. According the Foundation of mandatory medical insurance, the price of analog mammography made up to 292 rubles. The social financial load of diagnostic of a single case of breast cancer at stage T1 made up to 96,367 rubles in 2014, 90,966 rubles in 2015 and 73,303 rubles in 2016 correspondingly. The analysis of detection of breast cancer at early stage T1 and financial costs of early diagnostic demonstrated a distinct trend of decreasing of financial load at diagnostic of a single case of breast cancer of T1 during 2014-2016 at the expense of amelioration of quality of description of picture and training of radiologists. The model was proposed to form groups of higher risk with subsequent detailed examination and implementation of opportunistic screening in the group of common level of risk of development of breast cancer as a most perspective and less unprofitable one.
THE MODERN PRINCIPLES OF REHABILITATION OF HEARING DISORDERS IN WORKERS OF NOISE OCCUPATIONS
Authors: Pankova Vera B. , Fedina I. N. , Bomshtein N. G. , Volokhov L. L. , Serebryakov P. V.
Published: May 2019

The article demonstrates actuality of problem of occupational bradyacusia that takes first place in the structure of professional morbidity of workers in the Russian Federation. This disease has no trend to decreasing and at that about one third of it are initial stages of disorders of sound perception - "signs of impact of noise on organ of hearing" and "loss of hearing (chronic senso-neural bradyacusia) of degree I". The occupational bradyacusia develops at rather young and not retirement age and conditions loss of vocational fitness that determines importance of early diagnostic, treatment and rehabilitation of individuals with loss of hearing due to noise. The main modern pathogenic aspects of rehabilitation and health improvement of individuals with disorders of function of hearing working in conditions of impact of noise. Also are presented hygienic principles of rehabilitation based on accounting negative impact of occupational conditions, necessary measures of primary and secondary prevention, possibilities of sanatoria and health resort, rehabilitation treatment and health improvement.
ON THE ISSUE OF APPLICATION OF TERMS «PERFORMANCE» AND «EFFECTIVENESS»
Authors: Stolyarov Stanislav A.
Published: May 2019

The terms "performance" and "effectiveness" are frequently used in many national biomedical studies as synonyms. However, they have different significance and their inappropriate application often provide no possibility to evaluate properly this or that type of activity and results in difficulties of their comprehension.
THE ROLE OF REGIONAL PROGRAMS OF SOCIAL ECONOMIC INCENTIVES IN INVOLVEMENT OF MEDICAL PERSONNEL TO RURAL HEALTH CARE
Authors: Doshchannikova Ol’ga A. , Pozdeeva T. V. , Filippov Yu. N. , Khlapov A. L.
Published: May 2019

The study established impacting of regional activities of social economic incentives of medical personnel on the process of employment in medical institutions of rural area. The analysis of Federal and regional legislation regulating process of incentives of physicians to employment in rural health care system was implemented. The study material was based on the results of implementation of activities of social economic incentives of medical personnel to join rural medical institutions applied in the territory of the Nizhny Novgorod region in 2006-2017. The comparative analysis was implemented concerning normative base of activities of social economic support of physicians including assessment of quality and scope of material preferences and also analysis of effect of types of material incentives on amount of input of specialists in rural health care. The comparative characteristics are presented concerning regional activities of supporting rural medical personnel with ready-made accommodation and vehicles and also assessment of federal activities related to granting rural physicians with single compensation payment of one million rubles. The implemented study demonstrated that problem of recruitment of medical personnel in general and in rural health care in particular is an extremely complicated task. The Federal and regional health authorities were engaged in development of alternatives of solution of this problem until now. It is established that a significant importance in decision making related to employment in rural medical institutions is attached to implementing programs of social economic support. It is derived that measures of social economic support related to granting ready-made accommodation within the framework of regional activities favored more active involvement and long-term assignment of medical personnel in rural area than granting with single compensation payment of one million rubles.
THE DEVELOPMENT OF ORGANIZATION OF THREE-LEVEL SYSTEM OF OBSTETRICS SERVICE IN THE REGION USING INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES
Authors: Remneva Olga V. , Ershova E. G. , Molchanova I. V.
Published: May 2019

The article presents organization of three-level system of obstetrics service in rural region with large territory and lower population density (the Altai Krai) in actual conditions. The dynamic analysis of indices of maternal and perinatal mortality in 2007-2016 was implemented on the basis of evaluation of efficiency of implemented innovative informative technology "The Register of Pregnant Women". The priority directions of functioning of service are family planning and reproductive health care, safe maternity, perinatal care of fetus and newborn.
THE EVALUATION OF FUNCTIONING OF PRIVATE MEDICAL INSTITUTIONS IN THE REPUBLIC OF TAJIKISTAN
Authors: Olimov D. A. , Khodzhamurodov Gafur M. , Tursunov R. A.
Published: May 2019

Introduction. The analysis of the problem of functioning of private medical institutions is dictated by a number of circumstances related to dramatic increasing of number of private medical services providers in Tajikistan during last years and also by danger of occurrence of medical practice of improper quality. Material and methods. The study included analysis of functioning of 681 private medical services providers according data of the Service of State Monitoring of Medical Activities and Social Defense of the Ministry of Health and Social Defense of Population of the Republic of Tajikistan. The evaluation of their activities was implemented using questionnaires covering all aspects of private medical institutions. Results. Among total sampling of private medical services providers, 325 (47.7%) are corporate bodies, 55 (8.1%) - branches of institutions of corporate bodies and 301 (44.2%) physical persons. In the private medical sector operate 3666 individuals and out of them 1559 physicians, 1234 paramedical personnel and 873 general service and supportive personnel. The analysis of distribution of private medical services providers according licensed activities established that the highest percentage had multi-field institutions (207 or 30.3%), stomatological services (200 or 29.4%) and ultra-sound diagnostic (88 or 12.9%). According the results of analysis established violations personnel of the Service of State Monitoring of Medical Activities and Social Defense, within the framework of authority, in 567 cases applied penalties and out of them vindictive damages in 43.2% of cases, suspending of illegal private practice in 31.2% of cases, disregard of legal requirements in the area of traditional medicine in 13.6% of cases and temporary suspending of functioning of institution in 11.6% of cases. Conclusion. To ameliorate functioning of private medical institutions of the Republic of Tajikistan a support is needed of further development of normative legal base with simultaneous support of private medical institutions with necessary normative materials. Also increasing of expenses of institutions to clinical security and amelioration of organization and quality of infection control are required.
Aziz Efendi’nin Risâlesinde Kürt Emîrleri (IV. Murad Dönemi, 1623-1640)
Authors: BİLGİN Feridun
Published: May 2019

Yavuz
Sultan Selim’le başlayan ve Kanuni Sultan Süleyman ile üst seviyelere çıkan
Osmanlı Devleti ile Kürt emîrleri arasındaki ilişkiler, yüzyıl sonra, Kürt
emirlerinin neredeyse bütün sosyo-ekonomik ve sosyo-politik güçlerini
kaybettikleri bir noktaya evrilmiştir; Kürt coğrafyasına özgü idarî bir
taksimat olan ve kayd-ı hayat şartıyla sahiplerine tevcîh edilen Yurtluk-Ocaklık
ve Hükümet sancaklarındaki yönetim hakları, bölge yöneticileri beylerbeyiler
tarafından ellerinden alınmış, sahip olduklarını kaybetmemek için ribahorlara
(faizcilere) mahkûm hale getirilmişlerdir. Osmanlı devletinin Doğu ve Batı
seferlerinde önemli bir askeri güç olarak yer almalarına rağmen, IV. Murad
döneminde çeşitli bahaneler ileri sürülerek bir kısmının haksız yere
öldürüldüğü, devlet raporlarına yansımıştır. Kürt coğrafyasında sevilen ve
binlerce tabisi olan Rumiye Şeyhi Aziz Mahmud gibi sembol isimler iktidar odağı
olabilecekleri şüphesiyle idam edilmiştir.
Mimar Dâvud Ağa’nın İmzalı Eserleri ve Üslûbu
Authors: TÜMER Şerif , TÜFEKÇİOĞLU Abdülhamit
Published: May 2019

Mimar
Sinan’ın çıraklarından olup onun ölümüyle birlikte Hassa Mimarlar Ocağı
Teşkilatı’nın başına geçen Dâvud Ağa 1588-98 yılları arasında imparatorluğa
başmimarlık yapmıştır. Henüz Mimar Sinan’ın sağlığı ve başmimarlığı döneminde
inşa edilen Çarşamba Mehmed Ağa Camisi kitâbesine imzasını koyma şansını elde
eden Dâvud Ağa’nın Sinan tarafından başarılı bulunup desteklenen mimarlardan
olduğu açıktır. Daha sonra Divanyolu Koca Sinan Paşa Külliyesi ve Sinan Paşa
Kasrı’nın çeşme üstündeki kitâbesine imzasını koyan Dâvud Ağa Osmanlı mimarlığı
ve Sinan ekolünün devamcısı olmakla birlikte kendi üslup anlayışını da inşa ettiği
eserlere yansıtmıştır. Sinan’dan edindiği mimari birikime kendine has üslup
özelliklerini de ekleyen Dâvud Ağa kendisinden sonraki mimarları da etkilemiştir. Bu çalışmada Dâvud Ağa imzalı eserler
her bakımdan incelenerek başmimarın üslubu belirlenmeye çalışılacaktır.
Ahmed Tebrizî’nin Şehinşahnamesi’nde İlhanlıların Mardin Kuşatması, Melik Said ve Melik Muzafferüddin İle Olan Münasebetleri
Authors: CEYLAN Eral
Published: May 2019

Tarihte,
Mardin ve civarının Moğollar tarafından ele geçirilmesine dair çeşitli
kaynaklardan elimize ulaşmış muhtelif bilgiler mevcuttur. Bu kaynaklardan
birisi de 14. yüzyılda Ahmed Tebrizî tarafından Farsça yazılmış 1800 beyitlik Şehinşahname, diğer adıyla Cengizname adlı manzum eserdir. Eserde,
İlhanlılar döneminin 1337 yılına kadar yaşanan önemli olaylar anlatılır. Eserde
Mardin ve Nusaybin bölgesinin Moğol/İlhanlı saldırıları da ayrıntılı şekilde
tasvir edilmiştir. Özellikle Mardin Artuklu Sultanı Melik Said ve oğlu
Muzafferüddin döneminde Hülagu ile yaşananlar, savaşlar ve antlaşmalar ile
İlhanlılarla olan ilişkiler eserde detaylı olarak sunulmuştur. Bu çalışmada;
eserin tanıtımı, İlhanlılarla Mardin Artuklu Melikleri arasında yaşanmış
savaşlar, kuşatma ve antlaşmalar, Mardin Kalesinin İlhanlılar tarafından ele
geçirilişi ele alınıp değerlendirilecek ve ayrıca konu ile ilgili Farsça
beyitler tercüme edilerek aktarılacaktır.
Mardin Dinî Mûsikî Kültüründe Mevlidhân Hâfız Mehmet Ali Demir
Authors: AYDIN Egecan
Published: May 2019

Bu çalışmanın konusu, Mardin dinî mûsikî kültüründe “mevlidhân” geleneği içinde yetişen Hâfız Mehmet Ali Demir’in yeri ve önemidir. Mardin’in câmi bakımından zengin bir şehir olması, câmi mûsikîsini şüphesiz dinî mûsikînin en önemli bölümü yapmaktadır. Hâfız Mehmet Ali Demir, Mardin’de câmi mûsikîsinin önde gelen önemli bir icrâcısıdır. Aynı zamanda Demir, yörede var olan “mevlidhân” geleneğinin yaşayan son temsilcilerinden biridir.Çalışmanın amacı, Mardin’de var olan dinî mûsikî kültürünü genel hatlarıyla ifade edebilmek ve bu kültür içinde yetişen Hâfız Mehmet Ali Demir’in yörede ön plana çıkan icrâ örneklerini sunmaktır.
Devecilik Kültüründe Havut Hayrının Ritüelistik Uygulamaları
Authors: UYGUR Hatice Kübra , KOYUNCA OKCA Ayşegül
Published: May 2019

Devecilik bünyesinde birçok uygulama ve
ritüeli barındıran Türk kültürünün önemli bir değeridir. Deveciliğin bir yaşam
şeklini aldığı yöreler deveye, deveciliğe ve deve güreşlerine ait pek çok uygulama
ve ritüeli günümüze kadar taşımışlardır. Deveciliğin hâkim olduğu yerleşim
yerlerinde havut giydirme işlemine “havutlama” adı verilmektedir. Akabinde
gerçekleştirilen “havut hayrı” devecilik kültürünün ritüel uygulamalara sahne
olan parçasıdır. Bu çalışmada “havut hayrının” ritüelistik
uygulamaların devecilik açısından önemi üzerinde durulacaktır. Çalışmanın amacı
Türk kültüründe havut hayrı uygulamalarında gerçekleştirilen ritüellerin
devecilik kültürü bağlamında toplum yaşamına olan etkisidir.

Çalışmanın gerçekleşmesi için öncelikle
literatür taraması ve saha çalışması yapılmıştır. Güney Marmara’dan Akdeniz Bölgesine
kadar deve sahipleri ve bu işi meslek haline getirmiş kaynak kişiler derinlemesine
mülakat gerçekleştirilmiştir. Havut hayrı ritüellerin doğru bir şekilde
algılanması için kaynak kişilerin izinleri doğrultusunda kayıt ve belgeleme gerçekleştirilmiştir.
Cromatografia Quiral no Desenvolvimento de Novas Drogas
Authors: Petacci Fernando , Freitas Silvia de Sousa
Published: May 2019

A quiralidade é um aspecto fundamental no desenvolvimento de drogas, tendo em vista que é necessário conhecer e descrever alvos biológicos para projetar drogas eficazes. A cromatografia enantioseletiva tem ampliado seu papel na indústria farmacêutica tanto como ferramenta analítica para a análise da quiralidade quanto como técnica preparativa para obter enantiomeros puros em larga escala, a partir de racematos de maneira rápida. Diferentes técnicas cromatográficas enantioseletivas são discutidas aqui, com ênfase nas mais difundidas: cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência (CLAE) e cromatografia por fluído supercrítico (CFS). O desenvolvimento das fases estacionárias quirais (FEQs), que tornaram CLAE e CFS indispensáveis na descoberta de novas drogas, também é discutido.
Inovação Tecnológica e Polimorfismo de Fármacos
Authors: Lariucci Carlito , Napolitano Hamilton B. , Cunha Silvio
Published: May 2019

O conhecimento do tipo de polimorfismo que um fármaco apresenta e das diferenças estruturais entre esses polimorfos é importante na pesquisa da indústria farmacêutica, pois a descoberta de um novo polimorfo, mesmo que seja metaestável, mas que possa ser produzido de forma controlada por uma empresa farmacêutica concorrente, constitui uma ameaça à patente de uma empresa sobre o seu princípio ativo. Nesse trabalho apresentase a importância dos metidos cristalográficos na análise de fármacos e suas aplicações na obtenção das informações estruturais precisas na identificação e caracterização de polimorfos, tais como: parâmetros da cela unitária, conformação molecular, empacotamento molecular e ligações de hidrogênio.
Metais Pesados e sua Presença em Leite Humano
Authors: Gonçalves Renata M. , Gonçalves José R.
Published: May 2019

A ocorrência de produtos químicos no leite materno é assunto importante para a prática pediátrica, de saúde pública e para a saúde ambiental da população. Os metais têm grande facilidade de se difundir rapidamente e atravessar a placenta, ou seja, a criança pode estar exposta antes e após o nascimento. Portanto, são pertinentes mais revisões literárias e pesquisas sobre os metais pesados e suas implicações para a saúde ao ingerir um leite contendo esses elementos.
Teor de Ferro em Feijão Carioca e Preto Cozidos Com e Sem Beterraba
Authors: Coelho Nástia R. A. , Brandão Valéria L. , Pereira Andryelle T. , Morais Polyana R. S. de , Oliveira Evilázaro M. de
Published: May 2019

Objetivou-se determinar o teor de ferro em feijão comum nas variedades carioca e preto cozidos com e sem beterraba, a fim de verificar a hipótese popular de que a cocção de beterraba no feijão aumenta a disponibilidade de ferro da preparação. A análise química foi realizada por espectrofotometria de absorção atômica. Para cada tratamento, foram realizadas 3 (três) repetições em triplicata. Os resultados, expressos como médias ± desvio-padrão e submetidos à ANOVA de uma via seguido de Tukey, demonstraram que quando se acrescentou beterraba, a quantidade de ferro apresentou tendência à diminuição quando comparada à preparação pura.
Aplicando Conceitos de 5S em um Sistema de Gestão de Estoques numa Indústria Alimentícia e Impactos na Racionalização de Recursos
Authors: Naves Paula V. P.
Published: May 2019

A integração de conceitos como 5S e gestão não necessita de grandes investimentos para sua implementação, permitindo discutir as vantagens que as organizações alcançam com a adoção do Programa 5S na Gestão dos Estoques. Este artigo apresenta conceitos revisados que podem ser replicados a qualquer segmento industrial e um estudo de caso de um fabricante de alimentos que através do Programa 5S preparou a empresa para implantação das normas ISO, observando impacto positivo na gestão de estoques, sobre as operações de movimentação, armazenagem e de pessoal, gerando otimização de recursos e uma maior motivação aos colaboradores.
Aspectos Gerais de Cultivo, Métodos de Secagem e Características da Cianobacteria Spirulina Platensis
Authors: Sampaio Ulliana M. , Siqueira Karolline F. , Starling Christiane A. , Araújo Flávia I. R. O.
Published: May 2019

O aumento da população mundial estimula diversas pesquisas na busca de fontes alternativas de alimentos, como as microalgas, devido ao seu potencial nutricional e diversificação de uso. A microalga mais estudada para fins alimentícios é a Spirulina platensis. O cultivo e comercialização da biomassa de Spirulina em alimentos são realizados em países como Estados Unidos, França, Índia, África e Tailândia. No Brasil, sua comercialização ocorre principalmente em cápsulas, comprimidos ou em pó. Realizou-se esta revisão bibliográfica, por meio de coleta de dados em Periódicos sobre a microalga Spirulina platensis, como o seu cultivo, processamento, utilização e aplicação no setor alimentício.
Fichas Técnicas de Preparações para Restaurante de Autosserviço
Authors: Santiago Ariany D. B. R. , Roque Darlan W. B.
Published: May 2019

As transformações na alimentação brasileira, principalmente em ambientes escolares, têm gerado mudanças na produção das refeições. As fichas técnicas trazem a padronização da produção das refeições e beneficia os trabalhos dos profissionais na cozinha, assim como o trabalho dos nutricionistas. Facilitam o planejamento, a padronização e execução das refeições, além da segurança dos alimentos. As fichas técnicas são ferramentas que beneficiam todas as categorias, o trabalho, além de controlar o valor energético total e os nutrientes fornecidos na alimentação, principalmente dos escolares, promovendo alimentação de forma adequada e mais saudável.
Cliente Oculto: a Utilização da Pesquisa de Marketing para Avaliação da Qualidade dos Serviços em uma Rede de Confeitarias
Authors: Fernandes Juliana C. , Lopes Sarah B. , Bueno Suilly F.
Published: May 2019

Na pesquisa de Cliente Oculto, os avaliadores observam a qualidade do serviço de uma empresa. Essa pesquisa foi realizada a fim de avaliar a qualidade da prestação de serviços de uma rede de confeitarias. Os itens do questionário foram divididos em blocos: aparência física, atendimento, fechamento de venda e experiência de compra. Para discussão dos resultados, foi determinado um índice de satisfação com quatro níveis: até 25% inaceitável, de 26 a 50% aceitável, de 51 a 75% ideal e acima de 76% superação. No bloco experiência de compra, a média de satisfação geral no atendimento foi de 36%, classificando a prestação do serviço como aceitável.
Melhoramento do Perfil Lipídico da Salsicha tipo Viena
Authors: Meleiro Vitor C. , Medeiros Natália F. de , Pereira Samer
Published: May 2019

Para execução do trabalho, foram elaboradas três formulações de salsicha: padrão, Fonte de ω-3 e alto conteúdo de ω-3 e, submetidas a análises físico-química, microbiológica, sensorial e posterior avaliação estatística dos resultados por meio do método Anova. Todas as formulações atenderam aos padrões legais estabelecidos, tanto físico-químicos como microbiológicos. Na avaliação estatística, verificou-se a formação de dois grupos estatísticos diferentes, em nível de 5%, entre a amostra padrão e as amostras com melhoramento do perfil lipídico, os resultados das avaliações sensoriais de aceitação com provadores, apresentaram boa resposta em comparação com parâmetros gerais de aprovação.
Avaliação do Teor de Nitrito em Apresuntados Armazenados em Diferentes Temperaturas
Authors: Faria Gustavo H. F. , Moreno Aretha F. , Silveira Miriam F. A. , Geraldine Robson M. , Carvalho Deivis M.
Published: May 2019

O estudo objetivou avaliar o teor de nitrito, o pH e a cor de apresuntados, armazenados a 4 ± 1°C e a 8 ± 1°C, durante 40 dias. A temperatura de armazenamento afetou significativamente o teor de nitrito, visto que as amostras a 8 ± 1°C apresentaram menor teor, em todos os tempos avaliados. O tempo de armazenamento exerceu efeito significativo sobre o teor de nitrito das amostras, em ambos os tratamentos. O pH médio das amostras foi de 6,6. A cor dos apresuntados não foi alterada significativamente pelas temperaturas utilizadas, durante o tempo de armazenamento. A diferença de cor somente foi observada no 40º dia de armazenamento, em ambas as temperaturas.
Poder de Inchamento e Microscopia Eletrônica de Varredura de Diferentes Genótipos de Arroz de Terras Altas
Authors: Fonseca Raíza C. , Bassinello Priscila Z.
Published: May 2019

O arroz apresenta uma ampla faixa de conteúdo de amilose, pode ser utilizado em diversas aplicações industriais, principalmente, para uso alimentício. O objetivo deste estudo foi caracterizar genótipos de arroz com diferentes teores de amilose, quanto a tamanho dos grânulos e poder de inchamento. Foram analisados onze genótipos de plantio de terras altas provenientes da safra 2013 da Embrapa Arroz e Feijão. Foram observados três distintos grupos de amilose (ceroso, baixo e intermediário). O tamanho dos grânulos de arroz caracterizou-se poliédrico, irregular e amidos ricos em amilose mostraram poder de inchamento inferior, mesmo submetidos a maiores temperaturas.
Biossorção de Cr (VI) Utilizando-se o Farelo de Sabugo de Milho
Authors: Ferreira Glalber L. R. , Morais Karla C. R. C.
Published: May 2019

Foi investigada a capacidade de adsorção do Cr(VI) em solução aquosa, pela aplicação da biomassa de farelo de sabugo de milho, coletadas junto ao comércio local do município de Goiânia/GO, em sistema de batelada, apresentando taxa de remoção de Cr(VI) da ordem de 100% para a concentração iniciais de Cr(VI) e nas concentrações de 30 e 40 mg/L do metal resultado numa Ef biossorção de 98,87 e 92,27%, respectivamente, com qeq máximo de 1,54 mg/g para um período de 120 horas para um conteúdo de 5 g da biomassa. Uma vez já definido que a respectiva biomassa é um resíduo industrial, e sabendo que esse vem sendo estudado na reutilização em outros processos, os resultados obtidos demonstram elevado potencial para o farelo de sabugo de milho, o qual pode ser utilizado em sistemas de adsorção para tratamento do respectivo metal pesado Cr(VI), podendo esse ser aplicável nas atividades industriais geradoras do respectivo resíduo.
Análise de Emissão de Gases NOx e CO de um Motor Ciclo Diesel em Diferentes Temperaturas e Rotações
Authors: Gomes Fábio S. , Dias Marcio J. , Sousa Wander L. B. e , B. Neto Antônio C. , Alves Sueli M. F.
Published: May 2019

O controle de emissão dos gases expelidos pelos veículos automotores é ponto passivo de preocupação dos governos mundiais nos seus órgãos ambientais. Portanto, este estudo tem como objetivo avaliar a emissão dos gases de descarga expelidos pelo motor ciclo diesel de um trator agrícola. Para tanto, foram aferidas as medições dos índices dos gases (dióxido de carbono ou gás carbônico – CO2 e Óxido de Nitrogênio - NOx), considerando o funcionamento do motor em 5 rotações diferentes e duas temperaturas sendo: abaixo de 60º C e entre 60º a 80º C. Os dados foram analisados por meio da estatística descritiva, pelo método do delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado com parcelas subdivididas. Pode-se observar que variação da rotação do motor não influenciou nos níveis de emissão dos gases CO e NOX, enquanto que a alteração da temperatura de trabalho do motor apenas influenciou o nível de emissão do CO.