bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Reflexões sobre a velhice: Identidades possí­veis no processo de envelhecimento na contemporaneidade
Authors: Barroso Eloísa Pereira
Published: June 2021

Este artigo tem como objetivo pensar os processos de envelhecimento e as identidades dos velhos na contemporaneidade. Por meio da história oral entendemos a necessidade de uma escuta na qual os atos de fala revelados na voz da nossa narradora façam com que imaginários e representações em que se alicerçam a compreensão e a definição da velhice não sejam vistos como a reificação de um pressuposto sobre o idoso. Como o envelhecer é um processo que se alicerça em uma definição inconcisa, as identidades atreladas ao processo de envelhecimento combinam um discurso reivindicador que transforma o processo de envelhecimento contemporâneo em uma experiência múltipla. Analisar a polifonia de significados do envelhecimento exige o trânsito entre categorias como grupo de nascimento, geração, classe social, terceira idade, entre outras, para se pensar questões referentes aos processos de identificação do idoso como ser social, portador de experiências singulares.
The Adaptable 4A Inversion (5AI): description and first XCO2 retrievals from Orbiting Carbon Observatory-2 (OCO-2) observations
Authors: Dogniaux Matthieu , Crevoisier Cyril , Armante Raymond , Capelle Virginie , Delahaye Thibault , Cassé Vincent , De Mazière Martine , Deutscher Nicholas M. , Feist Dietrich G. , Garcia Omaira E. , Griffith David W. T. , Hase Frank , Iraci Laura T. , Kivi Rigel , Morino Isamu , Notholt Justus , Pollard David F. , Roehl Coleen M. , Shiomi Kei , Strong Kimberly , Té Yao , Velazco Voltaire A. , Warneke Thorsten
Published: June 2021

Abstract. A better understanding of greenhouse gas surface sources
and sinks is required in order to address the global challenge of climate
change. Space-borne remote estimations of greenhouse gas atmospheric
concentrations can offer the global coverage that is necessary to improve
the constraint on their fluxes, thus enabling a better monitoring of
anthropogenic emissions. In this work, we introduce the Adaptable 4A
Inversion (5AI) inverse scheme that aims to retrieve geophysical parameters
from any remote sensing observation. The algorithm is based on the Optimal
Estimation algorithm, relying on the Operational version of the Automatized
Atmospheric Absorption Atlas (4A/OP) radiative transfer forward model along
with the Gestion et Étude des Informations Spectroscopiques
Atmosphériques: Management and Study of Atmospheric Spectroscopic
Information (GEISA) spectroscopic database. Here, the 5AI scheme is applied
to retrieve the column-averaged dry air mole fraction of carbon dioxide
(XCO2) from a sample of measurements performed by the Orbiting
Carbon Observatory-2 (OCO-2) mission. Those have been selected as a
compromise between coverage and the lowest aerosol content possible, so that the impact of scattering particles can be neglected, for computational time purposes. For air masses below 3.0, 5AI XCO2 retrievals successfully capture the latitudinal variations of CO2 and its seasonal
cycle and long-term increasing trend. Comparison with ground-based
observations from the Total Carbon Column Observing Network (TCCON) yields a bias of 1.30±1.32 ppm (parts per million), which is comparable to the standard deviation of the Atmospheric CO2 Observations from Space (ACOS) official products over the same set of soundings. These nonscattering 5AI results, however, exhibit an average difference of about 3 ppm compared to ACOS results. We show that neglecting scattering particles for computational time purposes can explain most of this difference that can be fully corrected by adding to OCO-2 measurements an average calculated–observed spectral residual correction, which encompasses all the inverse setup and forward differences between 5AI and ACOS. These comparisons show the reliability of 5AI as an optimal estimation implementation that is easily adaptable to any instrument designed to retrieve column-averaged dry air mole fractions of greenhouse gases.
Correction of wind bias for the lidar on-board Aeolus using telescope temperatures
Authors: Weiler Fabian , Rennie Michael , Kanitz Thomas , Isaksen Lars , Checa Elena , de Kloe Jos , Okunde Ngozi , Reitebuch Oliver
Published: June 2021

Abstract. The European Space Agency satellite Aeolus provides continuous profiles of the horizontal line-of-sight wind component at a global scale. It was successfully launched into space in August 2018 with the goal to improve numerical weather prediction (NWP). Aeolus data has already been successfully assimilated into several NWP models and has already helped to significantly improve the quality of weather forecasts. To achieve this major milestone the identification and correction of several systematic error sources was necessary. One of them is related to small temperatures fluctuations across the 1.5 m diameter primary mirror of the telescope which cause varying wind biases along the orbit of up to 8 m/s. This paper presents a detailed overview of the influence of the telescope temperature variations on the Aeolus wind products and describes the approach to correct for this systematic error source in the operational near-real-time (NRT) processing. It was shown that the telescope temperature variations along the orbit are due to changes of the top-of-atmosphere short- and long-wave radiation of the Earth and the response of the telescope’s thermal control system to that. To correct for this effect ECMWF model-equivalent winds are used as bias reference to describe the wind bias in a multiple linear regression model as a function of various temperature sensors located on the primary telescope mirror. This correction scheme has been in operational use at ECMWF since April 2020 and is capable of reducing a large part of the telescope-induced wind bias. In cases where the influence of the temperature variations is particularly strong it was shown that the bias correction can improve the orbital bias variation by up to 53 %. Moreover, it was demonstrated that the approach of using ECMWF model-equivalent winds is justified by the fact that the global bias of models u-component winds w.r.t to radiosondes is smaller than 0.3 m/s. However, this paper also presents the alternative of using Aeolus ground return winds which serve as zero wind reference in the multiple linear regression model. The results show that the approach based on ground return winds only performs 10.8 % worse than the ECMWF model-based approach and thus has good potential for future applications for upcoming reprocessing campaigns or even in the NRT processing of Aeolus wind products.
Latitude Oscillations of Zonal Mean Total Electron Content and Super-Fountain Effects Provided from Global GNSS Stations
Authors: Joghataei Mohammad , Jooyandeh Niloofar , Memarian Mohammad Hossein
Published: June 2021

Abstract. Seasonal and latitude oscillations of equatorial ionization anomaly (EIA) were investigated by zonal mean total electron content (TEC) provided from global gridded GNSS data from 1999 to 2017. Maximum monthly zonal mean TEC values showed NH spring equinox’s value is higher than fall's. Some fluctuations are observed due to upward planetary wave propagation in equinoxes and winter especially in low solar activity. Two cases of super-fountain effect were also clearly detected on zonal mean TEC.
A global dataset of atmospheric 7Be and 210Pb measurements: annual air concentration and depositional flux
Authors: Zhang Fule , Wang Jinlong , Baskaran Mark , Zhong Qiangqiang , Wang Yali , Paatero Jussi , Du Jinzhou
Published: June 2021

Abstract. 7Be and 210Pb air concentration and depositional flux
data provide key information on the origins and movements of air masses, as
well as atmospheric deposition processes and residence time of aerosols.
After their deposition onto the Earth's surface, they are utilized for
tracing soil redistribution processes on land, particle dynamics in aquatic
systems, and mixing processes in open ocean. Here we present a global dataset
of air concentration and depositional flux measurements of atmospheric
7Be and 210Pb made by a large number of global research
communities. Data were collected from published papers between 1955 and
early 2020. It includes the annual surface air concentration data of
7Be from 367 sites and 210Pb from 270 sites, the annual
depositional flux data of 7Be from 279 sites and 210Pb from
602 sites. When available, appropriate metadata have also been summarized,
including geographic location, sampling date, methodology, annual
precipitation, and references. The dataset is archived at
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4785136 (Zhang et al., 2021) and is freely
available for the scientific community. The purpose of this paper is to
provide an overview of the scope and nature of this dataset and its
potential utility as baseline data for future research.
Precise water level measurements using low-cost GNSS antenna arrays
Authors: Purnell David J. , Gomez Natalya , Minarik William , Porter David , Langston Gregory
Published: June 2021

Abstract. We have developed a ground-based Global Navigation Satellite System Reflectometry (GNSS-R) technique for monitoring water levels with a comparable precision to standard tide gauges (e.g. pressure transducers) but at a fraction of the cost and using commercial products that are straightforward to assemble. As opposed to using geodetic-standard antennas that have been used in previous GNSS-R literature, we use multiple co-located low-cost antennas to retrieve water levels via inverse modelling of signal-to-noise ratio data. The low-cost antennas are advantageous over geodetic-standard antennas not only because they are much less expensive (even when using multiple antennas in the same location) but also because they can be used for GNSS-R analysis over a greater range of satellite elevation angles. We validate our technique using arrays of four antennas at three test sites with variable tidal forcing and co-located operational tide gauges. The root mean square error between the GNSS-R and tide gauge measurements ranges from 0.69–1.16 cm when using all four antennas at each site. We find that using four antennas instead of a single antenna improves the precision by 30 %–50 % and preliminary analysis suggests that four appears to be the optimum number of co-located antennas. In order to obtain precise measurements, we find that it is important for the antennas to track GPS, GLONASS and Galileo satellites over a wide range of azimuth angles (at least 140∘) and elevation angles (at least 30∘). We also provide software for analysing low-cost GNSS data and obtaining GNSS-R water level measurements.
Water sharing policies conditioned on hydrologic variability to inform reservoir operations
Authors: Yang Guang , Block Paul
Published: June 2021

Abstract. Water resources infrastructure is critical for energy and food
security; however, the development of large-scale infrastructure, such as
hydropower dams, may significantly alter downstream flows, potentially
leading to water resources management conflicts and disputes. Mutually
agreed upon water sharing policies for the operation of existing or new
reservoirs is one of the most effective strategies for mitigating conflict, yet this is a complex task involving the estimation of available water,
identification of users and demands, procedures for water sharing, etc. A
water sharing policy framework that incorporates reservoir operating rules
optimization based on conflicting uses and natural hydrologic variability,
specifically tailored to drought conditions, is proposed. First, the
trade-off between downstream and upstream water availability utilizing
multi-objective optimization of reservoir operating rules is established.
Next, reservoir operation with the candidate (optimal) rules is simulated,
followed by their performance evaluations, and the rule selections for
balancing water uses. Subsequently, a relationship between the reservoir
operations simulated from the selected rules and drought-specific conditions is built to derive water sharing policies. Finally, the reservoir operating rules are re-optimized to evaluate the effectiveness of the drought-specific water sharing policies. With a case study of the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam (GERD) on the Blue Nile river, it is demonstrated that the derived water sharing policy can balance GERD power generation and downstream releases, especially in dry conditions, effectively sharing the hydrologic risk in inflow variability among riparian countries. The proposed framework offers a robust approach to inform water sharing policies for sustainable management of water resources.
FİZİKSEL VE KİMYASAL DEĞİŞİM ÇERÇEVESİNDE HELAL-HARAM KONUSU
Authors: ÖZER Tahsin , İHSAN Ali
Published: June 2021

Yenilen ve içilen gıdalar; insanın beden ve ruh sağlığını, sosyal hayatını, dini yaşamını ve ibadetini etkileyebilmektedir. Ancak, yalnızca sağlıklı beslenmenin temini için resmi gıda mevzuatları ve standartlar geliştirilirken, gıdaların helal ve tayyip olma özelliğine bu mevzuatlarda yer verilmemiştir. Genel anlamda maddeler fiziksel ve kimyasal değişimler yapabilmektedirler. Fiziksel değişime uğrayan maddenin kimyasal yapısı aynı kalmaktadır. Fakat kimyasal değişime uğrayan maddelerin kimyasal yapısı da değişmektedir. Kimyasal yapısı değişime uğrayan maddenin özellikleri de değişebilmektedir. Kimyasal değişim sonucu oluşan yeni madde, değişim öncesinde maddenin sahip olduğu özelliğin tam zıddı bir özellik de kazanabilir. İslam dinine göre, gıdaların kalitesi, üretim süreci ve üretimden sonraki maruz kaldığı süreçte dini hükümlere riayet çok büyük önem arz etmektedir. Bu açıdan helal hassasiyeti olan bireylerin taleplerinin karşılanması bakımından Helal Belgelendirme faaliyeti önem arz etmektedir. Bu çalışmada, helal hassasiyeti olan bireylerin kullanacakları tüketim maddelerinde arayacakları özellikler ile dikkat edilmesi gereken bazı hususlar ele alınmıştır.
GIDA TEKNOLOJİSİNDE YENİLİKÇİ YAKLAŞIMLAR
Authors: AYDIN Merve , ARSLAN DANACIOĞLU Derya , TÜRKER Selman
Published: June 2021

Günümüzde hızla artan nüfus ile beraber gıdaya olan talep artmakta ve ürün grubu çeşitlenmektedir. Gıda sanayisinin misyonu; gıda güvenliğini ve güvencesini temin eden, çevre dostu, tüketici odaklı, sürdürülebilir, kıtlıkla ve gıda israfıyla mücadele eden bir sanayi olmaktır. Gıda teknolojisi son yıllarda daha çok alternatif kaynaklar, mevcut kaynakların etkin kullanımı ve gıda israfını önleme üzerine yoğunlaşmıştır. Bunun yanı sıra robotik teknolojiler, modern hayatı kolaylaştıracak hızlı çözümler, gelişmiş sensör ve kameralar ile uzay gıdaları ile ilgili çalışmaları da mevcuttur. İlaveten, son yıllarda bu teknolojilerle üretilmiş gıdalar, İslam inancına göre helallik açısından da irdelenmektedir.
CONCEPTUALIZING A FRAMEWORK FOR ANALYSING COLLEGE STATISTICS TEXTBOOKS IN TERMS OF TEXT ACCESSIBILITY
Authors: YANG KAI-LIN , IDRIS KHAIRIANI
Published: June 2021

This article develops an analytical framework for analysing college (tertiary) statistics textbooks in terms of text accessibility by integrating the text, the reader, and the content into the framework. Five accessibility attributes of science texts were adapted to conceptualize the accessibility of statistics texts. For each accessibility attribute, two components were proposed by referring to the literature on the readability of mathematics texts as well as the characteristics of statistics. The feasibility of the framework is demonstrated by analysing sample statistics texts. The contributions and potential of the framework are discussed.
El derecho fundamental a la libre circulación De personas, ¿ilusorio a propósito del Brexit?
Authors: Ferrer María Victoria
Published: June 2021

Se ofrece un análisis de las consecuencias que para la Unión Europea —y, más en particular, para sus ciudadanos a partir de la libertad circulatoria personal— va a tener el llamado Brexit, es decir, el proceso de salida del Reino Unido de las instituciones europeas tras el referéndum celebrado en junio de 2016 y el subsiguiente y arduo proceso de negociación.
Editorial
Authors: García Murcia Joaquín
Published: June 2021

Editorial
Aplicación jurídica del Testamentum Tempore Pestis o Testamento en caso de pandemia como la generada actualmente por el coronavirus
Authors: Muñoz Catalán Elisa
Published: June 2021

Con la realización del presente trabajo, pretendemos investigar sobre cuál es la aplicación jurídica del testamento en caso de pandemia regulado en el art. 701 del Código Civil español (1888-1889), dado que, si bien parecía un tipo de testamento inaplicable en pleno siglo xxi, tras la epidemia generada a nivel mundial por el coronavirus hemos visto que actualmente dicho precepto no es anacrónico y, por primera vez, tiene plena vigencia. En este sentido, en un primer momento partiremos de sus orígenes y reconocimiento jurídico desde el propio Derecho romano, el cual configuraba el llamado Testamentum Tempore Pestis (C. 6.23.9) —o testamento en caso de peste o pandemia como las que hubo en Roma—, de modo muy similar a nuestros días; para, seguidamente, examinar sus requisitos de contenido y forma esenciales para que hoy pueda ser usado. Para finalizar, analizaremos la naturaleza legal del testamento ante la epidemia actual generada por el Covid-19 y, de ese modo, entendemos que podremos encuadrarlo dentro de la tipología o clases de testamentos posibles.
Looking for a successful translocation: the case of Astragalus edulis
Authors: Bobo Pinilla Javier , López-González Noemí , Caballero Armando , Peñas de Giles Julio
Published: June 2021

Astragalus edulis (Fabaceae) is an endangered annual plant species from the western Mediterranean region. It occurs in the Iberian Peninsula (SE), Morocco (two main locations in the NE and SW), and the easternmost Canary Islands (Lanzarote and Fuerteventura). After a thorough study assessing genetic diversity and phylogeographic patterns, and a proposal of a management plan to preserve the genetic diversity across the entire area of the species, it is about time to go further in the species conservation. It is necessary to recognize genetically impoverished populations to be able to successfully reinforce populations and find realistic places for translocations. For this, Nei’s genetic diversity values were calculated for the three geographic areas and for their populations. Diversity values were further evaluated to calculate the optimal contribution for the populations within each area to maximize the genetic pool. To evaluate whether the optimum habitat for the species is expected to grow or decrease under a climate change scenario, the optimal model of current climatic suitability of A. edulis was projected into the IPCC (2070_RCP8.5) future scenario. The different geographical areas showed similar genetic diversity values. The populations that contribute to maximize the genetic pool in each geographic area were similar, but not equal, to those proposed in previous studies. The future potential habitat for the species shows a significant range decline, which will affect translocation efforts.
Análisis de la actitud emprendedora en sociedades cooperativas pesqueras en México
Authors: García Rodríguez Linda , Fuentes Guevara Darío , Pico González Beatriz
Published: June 2021

El objetivo del presente artículo fue el conocer cuáles son las normas sociales subjetivas, la actitud y habilidades personales y la intención emprendedora que tienen los presidentes de las cooperativas pesqueras de la Zona Norte del Estado de Sinaloa, México, debido a que se observó que dependiendo de los proyectos que ellos emprendan y de las actividades que ellos realicen, dependerá el usufructo que ellos reciban. La investigación se realizó a través de una metodología de naturaleza cuantitativa con un alcance de acuerdo al nivel de conocimientos obtenidos con dicha investigación: descriptiva – correlacional. Los resultados obtenidos se perfilan a lo escrito en el principio que cita el fomento de la educación cooperativa y de la educación en la economía solidaria, así como a lo que marca la literatura que indica que las persona son capaces de detectar oportunidades de negocio, teniendo la expectativa de éxito y asumiendo los riesgos, así como los rasgos identitarios asentados en factores comunicativos, de cohesión y de relaciones sociales basadas mayormente en la cooperación y solidaridad; por otro lado, se apoya la afirmación de que la viabilidad no sólo depende del emprender colectivo, sino de encontrar las condiciones socio-económicas mínimas que la hagan posible.
COVID-19 Outbreak: Model-Driven Impact Analysis Comparing Oman and Pakistan
Authors: Zia Kashif , Farooq Umar , Shafi Muhammad
Published: June 2021

Motivated by the rapid spread of COVID-19 all across the globe, we haveperformed simulations of a system dynamic epidemic spread model in diﬀerentpossible situations. The simulation, not only captures the model dynamic of thespread of the virus, but also, takes care of population and mobility data. Themodel is calibrated based on epidemic data and events as they happened. Thesimulation results are quite disturbing, indicating that, during a process of stringent social distancing and testing strategies, a small perturbation can lead toquite undesirable outcomes. The simulation results, although consistent in expected outcomes across changing parameters’ values, also indicate a substantialmismatch with real numbers. An analysis of what can be the reason of this mismatch is also performed. Within these contradictions, a comparative analysisof COVID-19 outbreak between two geographically close but demographicallyvery diﬀerent countries – that is Oman and Pakistan – is performed.
Anxiety: Melanie Klein's 'deeper' layers
Authors: Hinshelwood R.D.
Published: June 2021

In Klein’s development of a clinical practice with children, she concentrated on the presence and content of anxiety in the little patient’s play.  This led her away from a basic theory grounded in instincts and energy.  As her method developed and her experience accumulated she emphasized the meanings of anxiety and in particular the forms it took in unconscious phantasy.  Ultimately, she became aware of profound phantasies, and anxiety, in her patients about the formation and integrity of the ego, and not just the neurotic conflicts the ego struggles with – those anxieties about identity she called the deeper layers of the unconscious.
Estudiantes universitarios monitoreando el aprendizaje autónomo de estudiantes de Educación Primaria: Experiencia de Aprendizaje-Servicio Solidario entre etapas educativas
Authors: Gómez-Gómez Marta
Published: June 2021

Esta experiencia se ha enmarcado dentro del Proyecto Escuela de Familias perteneciente al programa europeo Erasmus+ (Unión Europea, 2013) que se lleva a cabo simultáneamente en Fuenlabrada (España) y Fermo (Italia). A través de este proyecto se trabaja directamente con el alumnado y sus familias para prevenir el absentismo escolar y abordar las situaciones de desventaja, los problemas emocionales y la desmotivación, así como la capacitación de profesionales para el trabajo social en el ámbito educativo de escuelas primarias para mejorar la cohesión social y los aprendizajes. La acción ApS ha consistido en la formación previa, dirigida a los estudiantes de Grado de Educación Infantil y Primaria de la URJC, y en la planificación, realización y evaluación de un taller de aprendizaje autónomo monitoreado por estos estudiantes, al servicio de alumnos de 6º de Educación Primaria del CEIP Antonio Machado de Fuenlabrada. El objetivo del taller fue ofrecer a estos estudiantes un espacio para desarrollar sus capacidades, hábitos y actitudes para aprender por sí mismos, al mismo tiempo que los estudiantes universitarios desarrollaban competencias propias del docente.
The Impact of the Renegotiation of USCM on the Agricultural Exports of Sinaloa
Authors: Vargas-Hernández José G.
Published: June 2021

Mexico, like other countries, invested in measures to attract foreign direct investment to their territories. I, therefore, signed USCM in
1994, a treaty that imposed Mexico as the largest direct exporter of the United States, a country that is likely to leave the treaty by
renegotiating USMC. Therefore, this research is carried out to determine the advantages and disadvantages of renegotiation based on Sinaloa’s agricultural exports, with the question of whether it would negatively impact the USMC renegotiation of Sinaloa’s
agricultural exports, with the hypothesis that renegotiation of USMC has a negative effect on Sinaloa agricultural exports. The purpose of this paper will be with results in favor of the hypothesis employed.
A Case Report of Delirium Induced by Herbal Laxative Senna
Authors: K J Nimitha , Chutia Porimita , Misal Pooja
Published: June 2021

Constipation is one major complaint in elderly population. It may be due to physiological and anatomical reasons of aging, but it can be also due chronic medical and mental illnesses and due to use of multiple medications. Constipation itself is a precipitating factor for delirium. Drugs used for constipation can also be the culprit. A 64-year-old female who had a history of hypertension and chronic constipation presented with symptoms of confused and altered behavior, decreased oral intake, decreased sleep. On history taking it was known that she was using Herbal medication containing senna glycoside and other compounds since 8-9months. On examination she had signs of dehydration, disoriented and attention was impaired. On investigation her serum sodium was 122.6 mmol/ and other investigations were within normal limits. She was diagnosed as a case of Delirium according to ICD-10 criteria. Her dehydration was corrected by giving intravenous fluids and serum sodium level was corrected using salt capsules 2 tablets thrice daily. For disturbed sleep she was prescribed Tab Melatonin 10mg at bedtime and constipation was treated with per rectal enema and syrup lactulose 30ml at bedtime. Patient improved in 1 week time. Senna a herbal laxative used to treat constipation. It can alter intestinal electrolyte transportation and irritates intestinal mucosa. It is due to increased peristalsis and increased defecation and even diarrhea Prolonged use can cause dehydration, electrolyte imbalance and delirium. Senna, an over-the-counter laxative with FDA approval is a matter of concern in the current scenario. This case report warns into the judicious use of laxatives containing senna in elderly population.

Key words: Delirium, Herbal Laxative, Senna, Constipation.
COVID-19 Anxiety and Quality of Sleep among Employees of a Nursing Campus and Their Spouses
Authors: Bajracharya Shobha Laxmi , Samson Priscilla , K.C. Sarala
Published: June 2021

Introduction: Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is highly contagious, has spread across the world rapidly and has taken many lives. All these have created a lot of concern for people leading to heightened levels of anxiety as a common response to this dreadful situation. It not only has affected physically but psychologically as well including sleep quality. This study aimed to assess employees and their spouses’ level of anxiety and sleep quality.
Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted to find out level of anxiety and quality of sleep among employees and their spouses in Nepal during COVID-19 pandemic from June 14, 2020, to July 4, 2020. Web based Google forms and printed questionnaire were used to collect data as required. Total enumerative sampling technique was used where 128 responses were received. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and inferential statistics. P value was significant at 0.05. Ethical approval was obtained from Institutional Review Committee of Patan Academy of Health Sciences.
Results: The overall prevalence of COVID-19 dysfunctional anxiety was 1.6% and poor quality sleep was 39.1%. There was no significant association of age, gender and status of respondents with quality of sleep at 95% of significance level (p-value=.089, .887, .964 respectively).
Conclusion: From findings of the study, it is concluded that though only few respondents had dysfunctional covid-19 anxiety, about two fifth respondents had poor quality of sleep. Therefore, poor quality sleep could be addressed, and counselling could be performed on time.

Key words: COVID-19 anxiety, employee, sleep quality, spouse.
Effects of 4 Weeks Home Based Single Leg Stance Exercise Programme in Senior Citizens Living in Rural and Urban Areas
Authors: Shardul Prachi , Hande Deepali
Published: June 2021

Background: Balance impairment is a common problem in senior citizens aged from 60 years and above to perform independently all the functional activities. Static balance exercise is performed as an exercise intervention which helps to strengthen the lower extremities, increase balance confidence and performance in senior citizens.
Purpose: To evaluate the effectiveness of 4 weeks home based single leg stance exercise programme in senior citizens living in rural and urban areas.
Methodology: After fulfilling inclusion and exclusion criteria, a written consent form was taken from all 30 senior citizens who were selected through simple random sampling. Activities Specific Balance Confidence (ABC) Scale and Timed Up and Go (TUG) Test was taken pre-intervention and post-intervention. Out of which,15 rural participants who visited the physiotherapy setting were given intervention through personal appointments and other 15 urban participants were given intervention through tele-rehabilitation. The intervention period consisted of 4 weeks, twice a day and 3 times a week.
Results: There was a significant difference in the ABC and TUG values in paired t-test considering pre-intervention and post-intervention results among rural and urban population. But there was no significant difference in ABC and TUG values in unpaired t-test considering post-intervention results between rural and urban population.
Conclusion: The effect of 4 weeks home based single leg stance exercise programme was effective in both the groups of population irrespective of living in rural or urban areas.

Key words: Activities Specific Balance Confidence (ABC) Scale, Timed Up and Go (TUG) Test, Balance exercise – Single leg stance exercise.
Comparative Study of Effect of Resistance Exercises versus Aerobic Exercises on Exercise Performance and Pulmonary Function in Adult Chronic Smokers
Authors: Ponde –Ponkshe Ketki , Agrawal Ronika , Khan Shimaz
Published: June 2021

Background: Cigarette smoking is the major cause of premature death. It accounts for 28% of all cardio vascular diseases and 40% of respiratory diseases as it is associated with impaired pulmonary function. Exercise is an effective and low cost of treatment which can promote good health of a smoker. Research indicates that individuals who maintain an exercise program are more likely to give up smoking than those who quit exercising.
Methodology: 150 subjects were included in the study and divided into two groups Group A (resistance exercises) and Group B (Walking). The exercises protocol was given for six weeks. Pre post PEFR and VO2 max was calculated.
Results: both the groups showed improvement post intervention (p<0.05) whereas resistance group showed better improvement than the walking group (p<0.05).
Conclusion: Aerobic and Resistance exercises both showed significant improvement in PEFR and VO2 max in smokers, however the resistance exercises showed better improvement in the cardiovascular and pulmonary function.

Key words: Smoking, Aerobic exercises, Resistance exercises, Theraband.
Xây dựng và kiến tạo văn hóa học đường - từ nhận thức đến hiện thực
Authors: Phạm Văn Khanh
Published: June 2021

Kiến tạo văn hóa học đường là cách thức, con đường tạo dựng nên các giá trị văn hóa ở một trường học cụ thể. Mặt khác, thuật ngữ kiến tạo văn hóa học đường còn là một nhận thức, một quan điểm tiếp cận vấn đề văn hóa trong trường học. Do vậy, trong nội dung bài viết này tác giả sẽ trình bày quan điểm và cách thức, con đường kiến tạo văn hóa học đường trong bối cảnh đổi mới giáo dục và trong xu thế hội nhập hiện nay.
Practice Changing Results in RCC come from ASCO 2021
Authors: Matrana Marc , Pierce Erin , Doubleday Erica
Published: June 2021

For the second year in a row, the annual meeting of the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) was held virtually due to the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. Nonetheless, the meeting was hailed as a great success and brought much practice changing data in the field of genitourinary medical oncology, including kidney cancer.
ASCO21 – Key Updates for Kidney Cancer Patients
Authors: Shah Neil
Published: June 2021

Over the last decade, novel immunotherapies and targeted therapies have revolutionized the kidney cancer treatment landscape. ASCO Annual Meeting, 2021, was yet another success against this battle, and in this commentary, we will focus on a few critical abstracts presented at the meeting pertinent to kidney cancer.
A fraseoloxía especializada: produtos fraseográficos e aplicacións
Authors: Bevilacqua Cleci Regina
Published: June 2021

Este texto trata sobre a fraseoloxía especializada e pon o seu foco nos produtos fraseográficos e as súas aplicacións, considerando algunhas das ideas propostas pola profesora Maria Aparecida Barbosa, profesora da Universidade de São Paulo e homenaxeada neste escrito. Inicialmente, presentamos algúns conceptos sobre as unidades fraseolóxicas especializadas (UFEs), destacando dúas tendencias principais en relación cos tipos de fraseoloxías especializadas: as colocacións e as fórmulas. A seguir, discutimos a nosa noción das UFEs, considerándoas unidades sintagmáticas recorrentes en situacións de comunicación de áreas temáticas que revelan unha preferencia evidente por especificidades e por convencións propias do idioma, da área e do xénero textual en que ocorren. Revisamos as principais ideas da profesora Barbosa relacionadas coa terminoloxía, etno-terminoloxía, fraseoloxía e as súas aplicacións, destacando ademais a importancia das linguaxes especializadas para a constitución das áreas de coñecemento e para a formación de especialistas. Posteriormente, mostramos exemplos de UFEs das áreas de Dereito Ambiental e da Conservación e Restauración de Bens Culturais Móbeis en papel. Indicamos os criterios para a súa selección e os campos de fichas fraseográficas para o seu rexistro en bases de datos en liña, a partir de proxectos desenvolvidos polo grupo Temisul. Seguindo as ideas de Barbosa, salientamos a importancia deses produtos tanto para profesionais da linguaxe (tradutores, redactores e revisores de textos especializados), como para os aprendices das diferentes áreas do coñecemento. Esperamos, deste xeito, poder amosar a importancia da fraseoloxía e da fraseografía no ámbito da terminoloxía e dos estudos do léxico, ben para a conformación das diferentes áreas do coñecemento, ben para a súa aprendizaxe.
نحو تطوير نظام شبكي للوقف الإسلامي المتناهي الصغر: الآليات والأدوات صــياغة منـهـجية ونمذجـيـة
Authors: حسين رحيم
Published: June 2021

هذا البحث له هدف مزدوج: أولا، علمي تنظيري، يتمثل في تقديم مساهمة متواضعة في اتجاه بناء نظرية خاصة بالوقف الأصغر، وثانيا: تطويري، يتمثل في تقديم مقترح نظام شبكي لهياكل الأوقاف الصغرى. فبعد تقديم مفهوم الوقف الأصغر، وبيان مشروعيته وإطاره، حاولنا تبرير أهميته المالية وتحليل ترابطاته العملية، وذلك باستخدام صياغات بيانية ورياضية، مع تقديم أمثلة عن كيفية حساب الحصيلة التقديرية للأوقاف الصغيرة، كما قدمنا مقترحا يتعلق بإقامة نظام شبكي لذلك، يستهدف ربط مختلف هياكل الوقف الصغيرة، وذلك انطلاقا من مبدأ التعاون والتعاضد في سبيل تعظيم المنفعة الاجتماعية والاقتصادية المتوقعة من هذا النظام.
Social-Economic-Political-Emotional (SEPE) factors regulate human growth
Authors: Bogin Barry
Published: June 2021

Background

There is a recurring and seamless interaction between the biology of human development and the social-economic-political-emotional (SEPE) environment. The SEPE environment influences the quality of the material conditions for human biology and, simultaneously, human growth in height and other dimensions provide social and moral signals that provide information to community networks.

Objectives

This article reviews the role of SEPE factors in human growth, especially skeletal growth.

Sample and Methods

The meaning of SEPE is defined and shown to be related to individual and group prestige, to social identity, and to ego and task motivation. These influence dominance or subordination of communities and the material and moral conditions of societies. Historical and contemporary examples of SEPE effects on skeletal size are presented.

Results

Membership in a SEPE community impacts skeletal size in height and breadth. Higher SEPE classes are taller, lower SEPE classes are broader. In elite level sport the winners have more growth stimulation via the hormone IGF-1 even before the contest. These findings are explained in terms of dominance versus subordination and the Community Effect in Height hypothesis.

Conclusions

SEPE factor regulation of human growth is shown to be a more comprehensive explanation for plasticity in height than traditional concepts such as socioeconomic status and simple-minded genetic determinism. People belonging to upper SEPE class communities, the elites, know that they are superior and are treated as such by the non-elites. The material and moral condition for life operating through these community social networks provide positive stimulation for the elites and negative stimulation for the lower SEPE classes. These differences maintain the gradients in height between SEPE communities in human societies.
The Color Pile: Equitable Self-Expression Through Color and Abstraction
Authors: de Laszlo Kathryn
Published: June 2021

The Color Pile is a visual tool transported from the author’s art-student context, and builds on the teaching model of Connie Smith Siegel and the Color Contrast work of Johannes Itten. As re-positioned, it offers a novel path to eliciting student narratives and point of view in language-dependent learning settings. Can this playful exercise support the clear articulation of complex ideas and help generate descriptive language? The Color Pile process moves from prompt to reflection to abstract visual composition, and resolves in a verbal, written or drawn reflection. Color and abstraction may help students gain access to their full capacities for complex thought and self-expression. Could this approach provide differently equitable support for student-produced narratives and descriptive language than is afforded by viewing representational imagery? Direct observations of middle school students using the Color Pile suggest the method could be meaningful to a diverse audience of teachers and learners. Its usefulness in a broad spectrum of language-oriented learning settings is considered.
Does Sticky Cost Behavior Affect Earnings Quality? Evidence From Egypt
Authors: Wahdan Mohamed Aly , Ahmed Ashraf Khalifa , Alsayed Marwa Saber Hamoda
Published: June 2021

This paper seeks to extend the literature on cost behavior by providing additional evidence on sticky cost behavior in developing countries namely Egypt. Moreover, it aims to determine to what extent sticky cost behavior affects earnings quality. The paper depends on a sample consists of 38 listed firms in the Egyptian Exchange over the period from 2004 to 2017. The findings reveal that total costs respond asymmetrically to the equivalent change in sales in six of the nine examined sectors. Furthermore, both patterns of sticky cost behavior, stickiness and anti-stickiness, negatively affect earnings quality. Therefore, managers, investors, and managerial accountants should take into account sticky cost behavior when making their decisions. This study contributes to the stream of research that integrates managerial accounting with financial accounting by combining sticky cost behavior with earnings quality. In addition, it extends the line of research related to the impacts of sticky cost behavior. Moreover, it gives new evidence on sticky cost behavior and its impacts from one of emerging countries.
Action Research for Exploring Genre Approaches to Writing in Real-World ESP Classrooms
Authors: Rajagopalan Uma Maheswari , Griffin Lynda , Trimarco Paola
Published: June 2021

This paper investigates how action research can be used to develop genre-approaches to teaching using a case study of teaching research article (RA) abstract writing on a course in Japan for science and technology students. This study involved two pedagogies placed within genre-awareness approaches, with moves being taught at different stages for each classroom. In addition to the teacher’s observations and a questionnaire to evaluate students’ perceptions, written drafts from both groups were analysed at two stages. Our analysis reveals that earlier intervention in teaching moves helped students to better construct their abstracts and that language-based activities played a role in improving students’ abstract writing without moves-based instruction. Moreover, the exercise of conducting this study in an action research framework highlighted the advantages of using a cyclic framework which allows for timely intervention based on teacher observation and critical evaluation of the teaching and learning context as the task progresses.
Impact of a soft tip nicotine-free harmless cigarette as part of a smoking cessation program with psychological support and varenicline: an integrated workplace smoking cessation intervention
Authors: Maglia Marilena , Caponnetto Pasquale , Polosa Riccardo , Russo Cristina , Santisi Giuseppe
Published: June 2021

Cigarette consumption in the general population has shown a sustained decline over the past 20 years, but despite this, it is essential to monitor consumption among smokers at their workplace. There is an association between cigarette addiction and work-related stressors, with high prevalence rates for smokers, at least double those of other adults. This two-group randomized clinical trial compared the 12-week combined effect of psychological support and varenicline associated with the use or not of a nicotine-free inhaler with a soft mouthpiece (QuitGo™) on the 4 to 24-week cessation rate in enrolled smokers to a smoking cessation program promoted by our research group. The results of the logistic model analysis showed that the likelihood of quitting successfully at week 24 was significantly higher in the QuitGO™ group than in the control group for participants with high behavioral dependence as assessed by Glover-Nilsson Smoking Behavioral Questionnaire-GN-SBQ (OR = 8.55; CI at 95% = 1.75-43.20). The data presented suggest that the soft tip nicotine-free harmless cigarette may be helpful for smokers and those with work-related stress symptoms who recognize the need to have a gesture in the traditional cigarette smoking ritual.
Effect of Gamma Radiation on Characteristic of bipolar junction Transistors (BJTs )
Authors: Elamin Abdenabi Ali , Alawad Waell H
Published: June 2021

This paper describes the effects of 60Cogamma radiation hardness of characteristic and parameters of Bipolar Junction Transistors in order to analyze the performance changes of the individual devices used in nuclear field. Bipolar Junction Transistor (BJT) of the type (BC-301) (npn) silicon, Transistor was irradiated by gamma radiation using 60Cosource at different doses (1, 2, 3, 4, and 5) KGy. The characteristics and parameter of Bipolar Junction Transistor was studied before and after irradiated by using Transistor Characteristics Apparatus with regulated power supplies. Obtained result showed that, the saturation voltage VCE(sat) of Bipolar Junction Transistor decreased because of the gain degradation of the transistor and increased silicon resistivity, Another parameter of a bipolar junction transistor affected by ionizing radiation is a collector-base leakage current, a strong increase of the current is caused by the build-up charge near the junction.
Band Structure of Sr Doped into Bulk Wurtzite ZnO: A DFT Study.
Authors: Mohamed Abdalla Abdelrahman , Abdalrahman Tasneem Babiker
Published: June 2021

This work investigates the structural and electronic properties of pure and Sr-doped ZnO using first principles density functional calculations (DFT). The calculations were carried out using GGA-BLYP functional. This functional underestimates the band gap value in semiconductors but does not affect the accuracy of the related properties of the crystals. The Sr-doping caused increase in lattice volume and slight distortions at the unit cell parameters in a wurtzite structure. The doping process presented increase in the band-gap energy Eg at low percentages 25%, 37.5% and 50% with indirect bang gap and direct band gap at high percentages 62.5%, 75%, 87.5% and 100%.which we can called it wide indirect band gap. These results can be use as a foundation for more in depth calculations which can be used on optical and Photo-catalytic applications.
Incompressible Fluid flow through free andporous areas
Authors: AlDien Mohamed Saif , M.Gubara Hussam
Published: June 2021

In this paper we discussedincompressiblefluid flow problem through free and porous areas by using Darcy's law and continuity equation, by apply the boundary conditions required to specify the solutio
President, Kinship Politics, and Election 2019, and Its Influence on Regional Head Elections 2020 in Surakarta
Authors: Rifki M Saidi , Mujaeni
Published: June 2021

This research departs from the victory of President Joko Widodo's son and son-in-law in the 2020 Regional Head Election. Approximately 44% or 55 candidates of the 124 regional head candidates who have a kinship with the authorities are confirmed to win the 2020 simultaneous Regional Head Election and stroll as regional heads. For this reason, this study will explore the phenomenon of winning candidates exposed to kinship politics, especially with the president in the 2020 Regional Head Election. This research also analyzes some of the causes of nepotism in the democratic system that are still visible in the 2020 simultaneous Regional Head Election. To achieve this goal, the research uses descriptive research methods with a qualitative approach. The method was chosen because the 2020 simultaneous Regional Head Election were multidimensional. The results of the study found several factors that led to kinship politics still coloring the 2020 Regional Head Election, including the advancement of candidates who were exposed to kinship with the president. These factors, such as the popularity of family names, are deliberately carried out by politicians as a way of inheriting power and the weak democratization of political parties, such as recruiting candidates for the regional head. This also led to candidates exposed to kinship with the president in striding to win the Regional Head Election. This research concludes that kinship should be able to lead to moral behavior, not just a pursuit of power. Concerning kinship politics, it can be controlled through internal reforms of political parties as institutions that carry out the role of candidate recruitment.