bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
HOW TO DO A GOOD JOB IN ORGANIZATIONAL COMMUNICATION AND EFFECTIVELY IMPROVE MANAGEMENT LEVEL
Authors:   Open International University of Human Developmеnt «Ukraine», Shi Bin
Published: April 2024

In today's era, communication is a fundamental behavior in human social behavior and one of the driving forces behind the continuous development and progress of human society. Communication is also the best way to communicate between people. In today's rapidly developing economy, enterprises are widely present around the world, and they are also one of the most basic forms of human social organization engaged in economic activities. Management communication is the lifeline of an organization, which organically connects the organization from the inside out, and has a significant impact on improving organizational efficiency and ensuring orderly operation. In today's society, the external environment faced by enterprises is constantly changing, and the organizational structure of enterprises is becoming increasingly complex. There are also significant differences in the cultural background, education level, thinking methods, behavioral habits, and many other aspects of organizational members. Poor internal communication within the enterprise, a lack of trust from managers towards employees, a weak sense of identification among employees, and a lack of cohesion are common phenomena in current enterprises. Faced with this situation, management communication, as a tool for exchanging information, solving problems, resolving conflicts, and quelling conflicts, plays a particularly important role in the business activities of enterprises.
LABORATORY SCREENING OF ANNUAL WHITE CLOVER VARIETIES ON SALT STRESS RESISTANCE
Authors:   Samara Federal Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Kazarina A.V. , Abramenko I.S. ,   Samara Federal Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Marunova L.K. ,   Samara Federal Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: April 2024

The purpose of the research was to laboratory diagnostics of the resistance of released varieties of white sweet clover to chloride salinization in the juvenile stage of development based on the assessment of the variability of the morphometric parameters of seedlings. The object of the study was the varieties of annual white sweet clover, bred by the Samara Federal Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences: Povolzhsky, Srednevolzhsky and Zavolzhsky. To determine the salt tolerance of sweet clover varieties, the method of seed germination in sodium chloride solutions was used. It has been established that chloride salinization significantly reduces the germination of sweet clover seeds at a test solution concentration of 0.25 mol/l. With an increase in NaCl concentration to 0.30 mol/l in the studied varieties, the number of germinated seeds decreased by 80.2–85.9% relative to the control variant. In terms of seed germination under the influence of a stress factor, the Povolzhsky variety stood out, the Zavolzhsky variety was noted as the most resistant to the negative effects of a high degree of salinity. With chloride salinity of 0.10; 0.15 and 0.20 mol/l variety Povolzhsky provided the best morphometric parameters of seedlings. The level of growth processes at the maximum level of salinity (0.25 and 0.30 mol/l) in Zavolzhsky variety was the highest. The use of the method of laboratory assessment of salt tolerance by seed germination in saline solutions made it possible to differentiate the studied varieties of annual white sweet clover in terms of sensitivity to the impact of a stress factor at the initial stages of ontogenesis. Taking into account the high field productivity and ecological plasticity of the studied varieties, they can be recommended for use as a source material in breeding programs to create highly productive varieties resistant to chloride salinity.
COMPLEX APPLICATION OF MINERAL AND ORGANIC FERTILIZERS WITH BIOLOGICAL PREPARATIONS ON SPRING WHEAT CROPS IN THE FOREST-STEPPE OF THE VOLGA REGION
Authors:   Samara Federal Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Zakharov S.A.
Published: April 2024

The comparative effectiveness of organic and mineral fertilizers in their complex application in combination with biological preparations on the formation of spring wheat crops was carried out in the work. Studies have established that the highest percentage of linen tissue decomposition was noted against the background of the aftereffect of manure at a dose of 20 t/ha in combination with biological preparations, where this figure ranged from 44,5 to 48,3%. The productivity of spring wheat is directly dependent on the microbiological activity of the soil. The combination of manure aftereffect with pre-sowing treatment of seeds with biological preparations made it possible to form a high yield of spring wheat in this experiment, which varied within 3,6-4,1 t/ha, which is higher than the absolute control by 0,32-0,87 t/ha.
EFFECTIVENESS OF DIFFERENT DOSES AND WAYS OF APPLICATION OF MINERAL FERTILIZERS ON YIELD AND QUALITY OF WINTER WHEAT GRAIN BY FALLOW
Authors:   Samara Federal Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Khakimov R.A.
Published: April 2024

In 2017-2021 in the conditions of the Ulyanovsk region, studies were carried out to study the effect of various doses and methods of applying mineral fertilizers on the yield and grain quality of Marathon winter wheat when sown on an occupied fallow with a seeding rate of 6 million pieces/ha. The scheme of the experiment included the study of the following options: three backgrounds for the use of complex fertilizers during sowing (factor A) - 1. N0P0K0, 2.N32.5P32.5K32.5, 3.N44.5P45.5K45.5; six periods of nitrogen fertilization during crop vegetation (factor B) - 1. N0 - control (without fertilizing), 2. N34 - autumn fertilizing with Amazone, 3. N34 - spring fertilizing with a seeder with coulters when soil maturity is reached, 4. N34 - early spring top dressing Amazone, 5. N34 - early spring top dressing Amazone in the feeding phase + N34 - in the bobbing phase, 6. N34 - early spring top dressing Amazone in the feeding phase + N34 - in the bobbing phase + N15 in the heading phase. The formation of the yield of high-quality grain was mainly influenced by complex fertilizers during sowing (N32.5P32.5K32.5 36.0% and N45.5P45.5K45.5 53.5%) and the timing of nitrogen fertilizing during the growing season (36.0%) . The highest yield (3.92 t/ha) of grain was obtained when sowing winter wheat with the simultaneous application of N45.5P45.5K45.5 kg/ha of a.i. azophoska followed by triple top dressing with ammonium nitrate, which exceeded the control variant by 1.64 t/ha. Large indicators of the biochemical potential of winter wheat were provided by the background of the use of complex fertilizers when sown in the amount of N45.5P45.5K45.5 kg/ha a.i. and carrying out early spring feeding with ammonium nitrate at a dose of N34 kg/ha a.i., where the content of gluten (29.1%), protein (12.9%), weight of 1000 grains (40.2 g) were the highest. The use of a single nitrogen fertilization on thalomfrost soil turned out to be more economically efficient (profitability level 69.9% at a cost of 5890 rubles/ton). The results of the research showed that the use of mineral fertilizers in different phases of development of winter wheat plants made great contributions to obtaining high quality grain.
RESISTANCE OF OATS OF SELECTION OF THE ULYANOVSK RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES – BRANCH OF THE SAMSC RAS TO DUSTY SMUT
Authors:   Samara Federal Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Khakimova N.V.
Published: April 2024

The article presents the results of breeding work in the Ulyanovsk Research Institute of Agricultural Sciences of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the creation of new lines and varieties of oats resistant to dust smut. In the study, an artificial infectious background was created to infect seeds with dusty smut spores. In the process of studying the source material, breeding lines were identified that showed resistance to this disease. And naked varieties Azil (2022) and Mane were also created, which is undergoing state variety testing.
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE USE OF MICRO-FERTILIZING MIXTURE MEGAMIX ON SPRING WHEAT CROPS AT DIFFERENT SEEDING RATES
Authors:   Samara State Agrarian University, Vasin V.G. , Vasin A.V. ,   Samara State Agrarian University, Strizhakov A.O. ,   Samara State Agrarian University
Published: April 2024

The aim of the work is to improve the methods of cultivation of spring wheat when using the micro-fertilizing mixture Megamix in the pre-sowing preparation of seeds, processing on vegetation of crops with different seeding rates in the forest-steppe of the Middle Volga region. The effectiveness of the use of stimulating drugs "Megamix" in the seed treatment system and the use of drugs for vegetation is considered. The paper presents the results of studies of the effect of drugs on the development of spring wheat plants at different seeding rates (4.0; 4.5; 5.0 million vsx. sem/ha). The analysis of the effectiveness of the use of Megamix preparations and their effect on the dynamics of dry matter accumulation, indicators of photosynthetic potential and net productivity of photosynthesis, as well as on the yield of spring wheat, is done. It has been established that the use of stimulating drugs Megamix during seed treatment and during the growing season have a positive effect on the photosynthetic potential of crops. This indicator increases with the use of Megamix drugs. It reaches its maximum performance when processing seeds with Megamix Seeds 2 l/t, when processing spring wheat plants with Megamix Pro 0.5 l/ha (in the tillering phase) + Megamix Nitrogen 0.5 l/ha (in the flag leaf phase). A significant increase in the yield of spring wheat was found when using the drug Megamix Seeds 2 l/ t (seed treatment) – 4.08 t / ha. It is established that in the conditions of the forest-steppe of the Middle Volga region, the increase in the yield of spring wheat on average for all variants occurs with an increase in the seeding rate to 4.5 million crops/ha. With a further increase in the seeding rate to 5.0 million vsx. sem. / ha, the increase in yield is suspended.
Intelligent Adaptation Mechanism of Full-Order Luenberger Observer based on Fuzzy Logic Applied to Direct Control by Flux Orientation without Speed Sensor for Doubly Fed Induction Motor
Authors: Cherifi Djamila , Miloud Yahia
Published: April 2024

The present work focused on the control by flow orientation without mechanical sensors on the doubly fed induction motor by the use of artificial intelligence techniques. Our main contribution lies in the development of control methodologies to improve control by flux orientation, for this, we acted on the type and control of inverters by the use of multilevel inverters and then on the observation technique of rotor speed based on the high gain Luenberger observer and improvements to the speed adaptation mechanism using fuzzy logic. Simulation tests of the proposed improvement approach were carried out at the end of this work to verify the behavior of this system in the face of different types of training.
Molecular confirmation of the presence of the South American tomato leafminer, Phthorimaea absoluta Meyrick, 1917 (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) in Lao PDR
Authors: Vorlachith Viengvilay , Phanthavong Sengphet , Sengsay Somkhit , Hafidi Salah , Dao Hang Thi , Vongtharone Chanthason , Xaisongkham Bouasa , Sitthisay Kitan , Beattie George A. C. , Holford Paul , Garrard Tara , Cowan Sally , Burgess Lester W.
Published: April 2024

Molecular confirmation of the presence of the tomato leafminer, Phthorimaea (Tuta) absoluta Meyrick, 1917 (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae), in the Paksong region of the Bolaven Plateau in Champasak province in south-western Lao PDR is reported. The moth, which is native to South America, has invaded many countries in Europe, Africa, and Asia since 2006, and, based on regional records possibly entered Lao PDR between 2014 and 2018. It is a devastating pest of solanaceous crops and threatens tomato production worldwide. Further surveys are required to determine its presence in other regions of Lao PDR and effective management programs must be developed to help farmers minimise losses.
Level of Self Esteem among Children of Alcoholic and Non Alcoholic Parents
Authors: Sree Devi M R  , Sandhya R S
Published: April 2024

The National Association of Children of Alcoholics estimates that there are 11 millions children of alcoholics under the age of 18 years. A study was conducted to assess level of self esteem among children of alcoholic & non alcoholic  parents. The objectives were to assess, compare and find out the association between the level of  self esteem and socio personal data. Methodology adopted for the study was descriptive comparative  design with multistage sampling. Sample size was 128. Structured questionnaire was used to collect  socio personal data of participants and Children of Alcoholics Screening test was used to identify children of alcoholic and non alcoholic parents. After that the standardized tool State Self Esteem Scale was used to assess the level of self esteem The study findings revealed that in children of alcoholic parents group, 82.8% (53) were having poor self esteem and 17.2% (11) were having good self esteem where as in children of non alcoholic parents group, 78.1% (50) were having good self esteem and 21.9% (14) were having poor self esteem. On the basis of comparison between the level of self esteem among children of alcoholic and non alcoholic parents, revealed that there is statistically significant difference between level of self esteem score among children of alcoholic and non alcoholic parents group.
Constructive development and design justification of the protective shell of a nuclear reactor made of reinforced concrete
Authors: Tikhonov Igor N. , Kryuchkov Vitaly G. , Zvezdov Andrey I. , Sokolov Boris S. , Tikhonov Georgy I.
Published: April 2024

Introduction. This paper provides materials justifying the introduction of a new constructive solution for the reinforced concrete protective shell of a nuclear reactor in a prefabricated and monolithic design.

Aim. Among the tasks that were set during the development of the constructive solution, the main one was to ensure the work of reinforced concrete for compression under all types of loading and the perception of tensile forces by ropes that are in a free state, available for maintenance and operation.

Materials and methods. The calculations were performed by the finite element method using a software package MicroFe-StaDiCon for calculation of the spatial structures for strength, stability and vibrations.

Results. A fundamentally new constructive solution has been developed for the protective shell of the nuclear reactor of the NPP, consisting of reinforced concrete elements in the form of cylindrical folds with a bulge directed towards possible external and internal force emergency effects, including the explosion of the reactor. Variants of protective shells have been developed with the elaboration of fundamental technical solutions for unified folded elements made of reinforced concrete with the possibility of their monolithic and prefabricated manufacture. A scheme of open arrangement and tensioning of cable bundles with tension transfer to pre-fabricated structures of the inner and outer parts of the protective shell is proposed.

Conclusions. This design solution provides compressive forces in reinforced concrete of the folds of the inner and outer parts of the protective shell from the load during loading, which prevents the formation of cracks in them. The tensile forces in the shell are perceived by the prestressed reinforcement located inside its structure, free for maintenance and control. In the process of work, fundamental solutions have been developed for the structural nodal joints of prefabricated folded reinforced concrete elements, technological holes in the shell structure and the implementation of prestressing in it. A comparative technical and economic analysis of the proposed and existing inner protective shell showed the possibility of reducing concrete consumption by 1.5–2 times, non-stressed reinforcement by 3–4 times, construction time by 4 times.
UNCONVENTIONAL APPROACHES TO ENHANCING COMMERCIAL BANKS' REVENUE STREAMS
Authors:   University of Digital Economy and Agrotechnologies", Azizjon Karimov ,   , Department of Commercial Bank Management, Uzbekistan
Published: April 2024

Commercial banks are constantly seeking innovative strategies to bolster their revenue in an ever-evolving financial landscape. While traditional methods such as loan interest and fees remain crucial, exploring unconventional avenues can provide additional streams of income and ensure sustainability amidst competitive pressures. This article investigates various unconventional methods for increasing commercial banks' income, including digital transformation, strategic partnerships, fee-based services, and innovative financial products. By adopting these unconventional approaches, banks can diversify revenue sources, enhance customer satisfaction, and strengthen theirposition in the market.
RESULTS OF DAILY ENERGY CONSUMPTION OF WORKERS OF TOBACCO PRODUCTION ENTERPRISE
Authors:   Tashkent Medical Academy, Almazor district, Farobi street 2,100109, Tashkent, Uzbekistan, FL Azizova , EM Boriboev ,   Tashkent Medical Academy, Almazor district, Farobi street 2,100109, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
Published: April 2024

This study reviewed common methods used to measure energy expenditure and body composition. The study also discusses genetic and hormonal factors that regulate energy balance, the concept of a healthy weight, and appetite and body composition.
DEVELOPMENT OF RESEARCH COMPETENCES OF VETERINARY SPECIALISTS IN THE MODERNIZATION OF VETERINARY EDUCATION
Authors:   Docent, Head of the Department of Social and Humanities, Physical Culture and Sports of Samarkand State University of Veterinary Medicine, Animal Husbandry and Biotechnology. Uzbekistan. Samarkand., N.N. Narzieva
Published: April 2024

This articlediscusses the suggestions and recommendations are given on introducing new approaches to education, teaching students to effectively use the competencies developed in different situations in personal, professional and social life.
PEDAGOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF VOLLEYBALL TRAINING STAGES AND METHODS
Authors:   Navoi State Pedagogical Institute Faculty Of Physical Culture ", Kaharovich Nurullayev Abdiholk ,   Physical Culture",   Department Associate Professor., Ph.F.N., Uzbekistan
Published: April 2024

The article shows ways to achieve high efficiency through the stages, methods and tools of volleyball training.
PEDAGOGICAL GUIDELINES FOR A CULTURAL AND HUMAN-SPECIFIC APPROACH TO EDUCATION
Authors:   Academician At Uzras, Director At The Scientific Research Institute Of Pedagogical Sciences Of Uzbekistan Named After T.N. Kari Niyazi, Doctor Of Pedagogical Sciences, Uzbekistan, Ibraimov X.I.
Published: April 2024

In the process of today's globalization, knowledge and intelligence become more national wealth, spiritual health of a person, development in all directions, the breadth and integrity of professional training, the desire to create and the ability to solve tasks become an important factor in increasing the country's potential. In this situation, improvement of the content of continuous education becomes an objective necessity. This article focuses on the issues of relying on cultural-humanitarian approaches in providing education to students.
DIGITALIZATION OF CLASSICAL LITERARY HERITAGE: ACCESSIBILITY, PERCEPTION, AND INTERPRETATION BY THE NEW GENERATION
Authors:   Senior lecturer, Department of Russian literary studies, Bukhara State University, Uzbekistan, Nikolayevna Rozikova Natalya
Published: April 2024

The swift ascendance of digital technologies has ushered in a transformative era for the preservation and dissemination of classical literary heritage, presenting both unprecedented opportunities and formidable challenges. This study delves into the nuanced dynamics of digitalization within the realm of classical literature, focusing on three critical aspects: accessibility, perception, and interpretation by the new generation of readers. Employing a mixed-methods research design, the study integrates quantitative surveys and qualitative interviews to comprehensively explore the digital engagement with classical texts among a diverse demographic of readers. The findings illuminate a significant enhancement in the accessibility of classical works through digital platforms, albeit marked by disparities in genre representation and the fidelity of digital reproductions. Moreover, the research uncovers a complex landscape of reader perception, with digital formats fostering a new paradigm of engagement characterized by convenience and interactive exploration, yet sometimes hindered by technological limitations and the loss of tactile interaction. Pertinently, the study reveals a notable shift in the interpretation of classical texts, as digital mediums facilitate collaborative and dynamic interpretive practices among the new generation, diverging from traditional solitary reading experiences. These insights underscore the critical role of digital literacy in shaping the engagement with and understanding of classicalliterature in the digital age. The study’s discussion extends beyond the empirical findings to reflect on the broader implications for educators, librarians, and digital platform developers, advocating for strategic enhancements in digital literary ecosystems to enrich the reader’s experience. In conclusion, the digitalization of classical literary heritage represents a pivotal juncture, offering both challenges and opportunities to reinvigorate the legacy of classical texts for future generations, demanding a concerted effort to harmonize technological advancements with the pedagogical and cultural stewardship of our literary past.
THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK ON TEACHING AND UPBRINGING IN MATHEMATICS WITH DIGITAL EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES (DERS)
Authors:   Tashkent Economy And Pedagogical Institute, Uzbekistan, Quatbayevich Urinbayev Saginbay
Published: April 2024

Utilizing Digital Educational Resources (DERs) in math instruction is a significant subject in current educational discussions. This thesis explores the theoretical underpinnings, techniques, and possible effects of using Distributed Energy Resources (DERs) to improve the instruction and development of students in mathematics.
Research progress on the pharmacological activity, biosynthetic pathways, and biosynthesis of crocins
Authors: Hua Zhongwei , Liu Nan , Yan Xiaohui
Published: April 2024

Crocins are water-soluble apocarotenoids isolated from the flowers of crocus and gardenia. They exhibit various pharmacological effects, including neuroprotection, anti-inflammatory properties, hepatorenal protection, and anticancer activity. They are often used as coloring and seasoning agents. Due to the limited content of crocins in plants and the high cost of chemical synthesis, the supply of crocins is insufficient to meet current demand. The biosynthetic pathways for crocins have been elucidated to date, which allows the heterologous production of these valuable compounds in microorganisms by fermentation. This review article provides a comprehensive overview of the chemistry, pharmacological activity, biosynthetic pathways, and heterologous production of crocins, aiming to lay the foundation for the large-scale production of these valuable natural products by using engineered microbial cell factories.
From Adolescence to Motherhood: Understanding the Plight of Teenage Mothers
Authors: Galleposo Roanie
Published: April 2024

Teenage motherhood continues to be a pressing societal issue because it significantly impacts lives of adolescent girls as they transition to motherhood. Using a qualitative transcendental phenomenology, this study explored the lived experience of senior high school teenage mothers in one of the schools in Bukidnon.  Data were collected through phenomenological in-depth interview with strict adherence to ethical principles.  The data were analyzed using Hyper Research software to determine the code, categories, and themes.  For the participants, teenage motherhood can be summarized into three emerging themes such grappling with motherhood, social dilemmas and support, and appreciating motherhood. Grappling with motherhood involved balancing family and student life, understanding the occurrence of pregnancy, and hurdling the challenge of teenage motherhood.  Furthermore, the participants as a teenage mother have to face social dilemmas and such as various family-related struggles.  However, they also received a lot of family support.  In the long run, the participants have appreciated motherhood as they became aware of the joy of motherhood as they made their dreams and contentment of the life of being a teenage mother. Based on the findings, several recommendations are proposed. The lived experience of the teenage mothers provides valuable insights about the challenges these young mothers face, the positive learning experiences they gain, and their aspirations for the future. Understanding these aspects is crucial for developing comprehensive support systems, challenging societal stereotypes, and empowering teenage mothers to navigate their roles as parents and individuals successfully. It is recommended that future researchers may conduct longitudinal research on the long-term outcomes and interventions for teenage mothers.
Factors Influencing Neonatal Health Conditions in Zambia: A Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Rukwaru Erastus Kobia
Published: April 2024

Neonatal mortalities and health outcomes among infants are serious health conditions facing public health practice in Zambia and hindering the attainment of SDG 3 and target 3.2 by 2030. To address the problem of neonatal mortalities and health conditions in Zambia and inform relevant intervention, the present systematic literature review aimed to investigate the factors influencing neonatal mortalities and health conditions in Zambia. Methodology: A systematic literature review was done in order to assess factors influencing neonatal disorders in Zambia to document findings other researchers in Zambia had reported. The search strategies involved reviewing literature from Zambia using Google scholar and PubMed data bases. Selection of studies considered as eligible by this systematic literature review tool three steps namely topics only, abstracts and full articles. A CASP systematic review checklist 2018 tool was used to appraise included studies validity, results and relevance of results to the local situation. Findings of the articles selected for inclusion on the study were analyzed thematically based on themes generated from the study objective and presented in a narrative form. A data extraction table utilized and included among others a critical appraisal section for the included studies. Findings: On the prevalence of neonatal mortalities and health conditions among newborns in Zambia, the present systematic literature review found that in Zambia, neonatal mortalities and health disorders are a very serious public health problem among new borns in the nation and that majority of Zambian neonates die in a span of seven days after birth in with the rural regions which are underdeveloped bearing the brunt of these neonatal deaths and health conditions. The health conditions among Zambian neonates include respiratory syncytial virus, sepsis, premature births and respiratory dysfunctions among others. Regarding the factors influencing neonatal disorders among newborns in Zambia, the review found that in Zambia, neonatal mortalities and health conditions are caused by several factors namely neonatal sepsis, intrauterine infections, birth asphyxia, bacterial infections, premature deliveries and low-birth weight as the main factors while others include but are not limited to maternal level of education, being a male infant, severe intrapartum incidents respiratory syncytial virus, twin pregnancies and placental abruption. The study therefore concludes that neonatal mortalities and disorders are very prevalent among Zambian newborns with neonatal sepsis and low birth weight being some of the key causes of these health outcomes.
Niveles de Adición de Harina de Chocho, Lupinus Mutabilis, en la Elaboración de Quesos Frescos Artesanales
Authors: Seraquive Minga Ángel Hilario , Iñiguez Heredia Franklin Alfredo
Published: April 2024

Esta investigación se centra en los efectos de la incorporación de harina de chocho en la elaboración de quesos frescos artesanales, explorando su impacto en el contenido proteico, de fibra y las características organolépticas de los productos lácteos. Los objetivos incluyen la determinación de niveles óptimos de adición de harina de chocho para lograr quesos frescos altamente proteicos, evaluando rigurosamente la calidad microbiológica y estableciendo un protocolo de elaboración que garantice tanto la seguridad como la excelencia sensorial de los productos finales. La hipótesis planteada sugiere que la adición de harina de chocho puede aumentar significativamente el contenido de proteínas y fibra en los quesos, sin comprometer sus cualidades organolépticas y funcionales. Los resultados obtenidos indican que la adición de harina de chocho, especialmente al 10%, mejora el perfil sensorial y nutricional de los quesos, ofreciendo beneficios en términos de sabor y digestibilidad. Aunque se observa una posible afectación en la apariencia, se identifica el 10% como el nivel óptimo para mantener la calidad global del producto. Este hallazgo posee implicaciones significativas para la industria alimentaria ecuatoriana al mejorar sustancialmente el valor nutricional de los quesos frescos artesanales, potencialmente atrayendo a consumidores interesados en opciones más saludables.
Normales Rurales en México: una Aproximación al Estado de la Cuestión
Authors: Atriano Mendieta Rocío Ángeles , Victorino Ramírez Liberio , Soto Espinosa Yschel , Gómez Lozoya Enrique Armando
Published: April 2024

En este artículo se presenta el estado de la cuestión sobre los estudios de las Normales Rurales en México, con el objetivo de identificar lo que se ha estudiado de estas instituciones posrevolucionarias formadoras de docentes, que fueron creadas en 1922 para satisfacer las necesidades educativas de la población rural, principalmente el analfabetismo y la falta de acceso a la educación superior de estudiantes indígenas y rurales. Recurrimos a buscadores como Google Académico, Scielo y Redalyc, se encontraron 16 artículos científicos, 8 tesis y 5 libros sobre el tema de estudio; se analizaron con el software NVivo, versión 12 e identificamos que los investigadores, en su mayoría historiadores, se han enfocado principalmente a la participación de los normalistas rurales en los diferentes movimientos sociales haciendo notar su impacto con la sociedad mexicana. Se concluye que los investigadores mexicanos que han realizado estudios sobre las normales rurales, se centran en la participación política de los estudiantes más que en su formación académica y su vinculación social con las comunidades, dejando un espacio para nuevas investigaciones.
ҚР ЖАЛҒА БЕРІЛГЕН ЖЕР ПАЙДАЛАНУДЫҢ ҚАЗІРГІ ЖАҒДАЙЫ
Authors: Оналбаева Дарига , Джангарашева Назымкуль , Омарбекова Ардак , Шаймерденова Айгул
Published: April 2024

Жер мәселесі әлеуметтік, саяси және мемлекеттік басымдықтарға байланысты азаматтарды ғана емес, жалпы қоғам мен мемлекетті де алаңдататын өзекті мәселелердің бірі болды және болып қала береді. Бұл туралы Қазақстан Республикасының Президенті Қ.К. Тоқаевтың "Сындарлы қоғамдық диалог – Қазақстанның тұрақтылығы мен өркендеуінің негізі" Жолдауында айтылған. Президент қоғамды толғандыратын жер мәселесіне жеке тоқталып, "Жер ресурстарын тиімсіз пайдалану мәселесі өзекті болып отыр"деп атап өтті. Ол  «фермерлерге жемшөп дақылдарды өсіруге жер тапшылығы» мәселесі туындап жатқанда жерді тегін жалға алу құқығын алған және жерді пайдаланбай босқа ұстап отырған «латифундистер» деп аталатындардың бар тобына тоқталды. «Пайдаланылмай жатқан ауыл шаруашылығы жерлерін қайтарып алатын кез келді. Жер – біздің ортақ байлығымыз және оны кім игерсе, соған тиесілі болуы тиіс… Бұл – өте маңызды мәселе деді Қ.К. Тоқаев. Сондай-ақ, Президент Үкімет пен Парламентке "тиісті механизмдерді әзірлеп, ұсынуды" тапсырды [1]. Президенттің айтқаны іс жүзінде де расталып отыр. Тек Алматы облысы бойынша 576 пайдаланылмайтын жер телімдері анықталды (Қарсай ауданы 40/900 га, Ақсу ауданы 27/1,1 мың га, Балқаш ауданы 400/90 мың га, Еңбекшіқазақ ауданы 39/9,4 мың га, Сарқан ауданы 26/12,5 мың га, Панфилов ауданы 44/11,3 мың га), жалпы ауданы 125,2 мың га. Алматы қаласы бойынша жалпы ауданы 2596 га (Медеу, Алатау, Наурызбай және Түрксіб аудандары) осы санаттағы 332 игерілмеген жер телімдері анықталды. Жалпы Алматы қаласы бойынша уәкілетті органдар барлығы 1852 игерілмеген телімдерін анықтады, ауданы 5581 га (коммерциялық аймақ – 1376 телім, ауданы 2737 га, ауыл шаруашылығын пайдалану – 332 телім, ауданы 2596 га, тұрғын үй аймағы – 144 телім, ауданы 248 га)
ПРАКТИКО ОРІЄНТОВАНЕ НАВЧАННЯ ЯК ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ ЕФЕКТИВНОГО ФОРМУВАННЯ ЦІННІСНО-ДЕОНТОЛОГІЧНИХ КОМПЕТЕНТНОСТЕЙ МАЙБУТНІХ ІТ-ФАХІВЦІВ
Authors:   Rivne State University of Humanities, Шліхта Ганна Олександрівна
Published: April 2024

У статті проаналізовано концептуальні та теоретико-методологічні основи освітнього процесу в сучасній системі професійної підготовки IT-фахівців. Основною метою дослідження є виокремлення бази, що є засадничою для формування ціннісно-деонтологічних компетентностей майбутніх IT-професіоналів. Виокремлено такі концептуальні положення: концепція особистісно орієнтованого навчання, концепція освітнього розвивального середовища, концепція практико орієнтованого навчання. Викладено огляд кожної з позиції сучасної цінності в підготовці ІТ-фахівців у контексті формування ціннісно-деонтологічних компетентностей. Стаття аналізує ключові аспекти концептуальних основ освіти, ураховуючи сучасні тенденції в галузі IT. Також надається огляд теоретико-методологічних підходів, що допомагають вирішувати завдання формування ціннісно-деонтологічних компетентностей у майбутніх ІТ-фахівців. Указано на базові елементи практико орієнтованого навчання, за допомогою яких реалізується ця концепція в освітньому процесі підготовки майбутніх ІТ-фахівців: 1) проблемне навчання; 2) проєктне навчання. Саме означені елементи є такими, що лягають в основу реалізації нашої ідеї – формування ціннісно-деонтологічних компетентностей у майбутнього ІТ-фахівця. Практико орієнтоване навчання вплітає в себе як вивчення теоретичних основ, так і практичні аспекти в навчанні, орієнтовані на фундаментальні та прикладні (професійно орієнтовані) дисципліни. З цим підходом студенти мають можливість не тільки застосовувати теоретичні знання в реальних ситуаціях, що сприяє глибшому розумінню матеріалу та розвитку практичних навичок, а й розвивати внутрішні базові цінності та набувати нових, потрібних у формуванні ціннісно-деонтолоічних компетентностей. Виділено переваги й методичний потенціал концепції практико орієнтованого навчання, які дозволяють зробити висновок про потребу вдосконалення освітніх програм і методик навчання з метою ефективного формування ціннісно-деонтологічних аспектів у майбутніх представників IT-сфери.
Smart Audio Toothbrush With UV-filtered Toothpaste Dispenser to Improve Skills Brushing Teeth and Reducing Debris Index Blind Children
Authors: Adawiyyah Evi , Sutomo Bambang , Wiyatini Tri , Sunarjo Lanny
Published: April 2024

Background: Blind children are children who tend to have low dental hygiene conditions. Children's behavior in maintaining dental hygiene influences the status of their dental hygiene. Because of their limitations, it is difficult for them to interpret what they should do. To overcome this, media is used as an educational tool, namely Ada's Toothbrush to improve teeth brushing skills and reduce the debris index of blind children. Objective: To produce a Smart Audio Toothbrush With Uv-filtered toothpaste dispenser (Ada's Toothbrush) model to improve teeth brushing skills and reduce debris index for visually impaired children. Method: Using Quantitative methods with pre- experiment research design (one group pretest and post- test design). With the sampling technique, the total sampling consisted of 30 blind children given intervention with the model Ada's Toothbrush for 10 days. Results: The results of expert validation of the Ada's Toothbrush model through validity testing using Aiken V show value hit > 0.8 is declared very valid and uses a reliability test Interclass Correlationb 0.915c , because (icc>0.80) it has high reliability. So Ada's Toothbrush model is feasible as an effort to improve the teeth-brushing skills of blind children. This model is proven effective and there was an increase in skill scores (p=0.000) of blind children on how to brush their teeth before and after the intervention, and effective in improving dental hygiene status by reducing the debris index (p=0.000) before and after the intervention. Conclusion: The development of Ada's Toothbrush model is effective in improving teeth brushing skills and reducing the debris index of blind children.
European foreign language policies, national language testing and ambivalence towards the introduction of the logics of standardisation
Authors: Vogopoulou Areti , Sarakinioti Antigone , Sifakakis Polychronis , Tsatsaroni Anna
Published: April 2024

Educational policies and priorities shaped at the supranational level by European and global agencies and players impact the processes of national policymaking in complex ways. In this study, recontextualisations of European foreign language education and language assessment policies in the Greek policy and pedagogical contexts are examined. Specifically, the politics of foreign language education and assessment are explored with a focus on English language teaching in public schools and the expected introduction of the Greek National Certificate of Language Proficiency (known as KPG) which is a state-led testing system formed by adopting the six-level scale of the Common European Framework of Reference for languages. Drawing on Bernstein’s theory of symbolic control and pedagogic discourse, it is shown that extensive recontextualisations of European (and global) discourses on English language teaching and assessment in the Greek context project competency and outcome-based curricula and learning as the desirable pedagogic model. Furthermore, attempts to introduce certification procedures in public schools derive from market-driven discourses that sanction a standardised system of student performance while the implications of standardisation for schools, teachers and students alike are downplayed.
Language exams as a policy instrument
Authors: Sherman Tamah , Homoláč Jiří , Macurová Jana , Cvetković Jevgenija
Published: April 2024

Utilising language management theory (Jernudd and Neustupný 1987; Nekvapil 2016), this paper explores motivations for the language exam as an instrument of organised management in the form of policy in the Czech context and analyzes its outcomes more than ten years after its initial implementation. First, we provide an overview of research on language testing as a form of organised management, discussing how emphasis has been placed on citizenship, and explain the relevance of researching the use of language exams for permanent residence in the European Union, where an important distinction is made between EU and non-EU citizens. We consider the selection of the appropriate Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR) level for the exam and the overall question of exemptions, which may raise doubts about the exam’s overall effectivity as a tool for the linguistic integration of foreigners. We show that there are several tendencies in the understanding of the situation by individuals who have already passed the exam, including the view of it as a mere formality, and, conversely, as a major hurdle. We conclude by exploring potential policy consequences of these outcomes, emphasising the idea that language support from the state and employers needs to be provided intensively and immediately following the individuals’ arrival in the country.
The intergenerational reinforcement of Spanish in Galicia (Spain)
Authors: Ferreira Virginia Acuña , Iglesias Álvarez Ana Mª
Published: April 2024

This article presents a case study on family language policies (FLP) in Galicia (official bilingual community of Spain), based on the analysis of semi-structured interviews with three Spanish-speaking parents who live with their partners and children in urban or semi-urban settings where Spanish is the dominant language. The results indicate a FLP model that reinforces the position of this language in the family, in interaction with the environment, since the informants attribute their children’s learning of Galician exclusively to school, even though they see it as insufficient to incorporate this minority language into their everyday linguistic repertoire, both now and in the future. The assumption of this result is revealed to be rooted in the ideologies about languages, since Galician has little or no economic or even symbolic value for these parents and continues to be strongly associated with the rural world, with the elderly or with no education, reproducing a persistent diglossic culture in Galician society. This language micropolicy is interpreted as a mirror of the laissez-faire attitude that has characterised language policies at the macro level in Galicia, as well as a reflection of its shortcomings in achieving true prestige for Galician.
Evaluation of the Agreement Between a New Pyramid Wavefront Sensor Aberrometer and Scheiner-Smirnov Aberrometers
Authors: Yang Yizhou , Ning Rui , Xu Shuoyu , Xiahou Jinxuan , Li Jiawei , Savini Giacomo , Schiano-Lomoriello Domenico , Zhou Xingtao , Huang Jinhai
Published: April 2024

Purpose:

To assess agreement between a new aberrometer (Osiris-T; CSO) employing pyramid wavefront sensor technique and Scheiner-Smirnov aberrometer (OPD-Scan III; Nidek) on measuring ocular, corneal, and internal aberrations in healthy participants.

Methods:

The measurements were conducted three times consecutively by an experienced examiner. The total root mean square (RMS) aberrations, higher order aberration RMS, coma Z
3
±1
, trefoil Z
3
±3
, spherical aberration Z
4
0
,
and astigmatism II Z
4
±2
up to 7th order were exported in both 4-and 6-mm pupil zones. The parameters between the two devices were statistically compared using the paired
t
-test, and the differences assessed with Bland-Altman plots and 95% limits of agreement.

Results:

This prospective study included 70 right eyes of 70 healthy participants with an average age of 25.94 ± 6.59 years (range: 18 to 47 years). The mean difference in the two devices ranged from 0.01 µm for astigmatism II Z
4
±2
to 0.63 µm for total RMS in 4 mm and from 0.01 to 1.41 µm in 6-mm pupil size. The Bland-Altman analysis of ocular, corneal, and internal aberrations indicated high agreement between the two devices and the maximum absolute values for 95% limits of agreement ranged from 0.03 to 1.06 µm for 4-mm pupil diameters and 0.12 to 1.13 µm for 6-mm pupil diameters.

Conclusions:

The newly developed pyramid wavefront sensor technique aberrometer demonstrated a high agreement with a Scheiner-Smirnov aberrometer when measuring ocular, corneal, and internal aberrations in healthy participants. Thus, the two aberrometers may be considered interchangeable for clinical applications.

[
J Refract Surg
. 2024;40(4):e218–e228.]
Comparative Evaluation of Topographic Parameters Using Three Different Topographers in Keratoconic and Cross-linked Keratoconic Corneas
Authors: Chauhan Poornima , Kamalakannan Priyadarshini , Upadhyay Ashish Datt , Sinha Rajesh , Titiyal Jeewan Singh , Sharma Namrata
Published: April 2024

Purpose:

To compare the parameters of three different topographic devices (Pentacam HR, Oculus Optikgeräte GmbH; Sirius, Costruzione Strumenti Oftalmici; and Cassini, i-Optics) in grading the severity of keratoconus in cross-linked and non-cross-linked eyes.

Methods:

This was a prospective comparative interventional study done in a tertiary eye care center, wherein 114 eyes of 68 patients with keratoconus were divided into two groups: 62 eyes that were observed and 52 eyes that were cross-linked. All eyes were evaluated on all three topographers at baseline, 3-month follow-up, and 6-month follow-up.

Results:

The Sirius showed significantly lower values of mean flat keratometry in comparison to the Pentacam HR (limits of agreement [LoA]: 1.75 to 3.51%) and Cassini (LoA: 1.75 to 3.51%). The mean steep keratometry values were higher for the Cassini in comparison to the Pentacam HR (LoA: 4.39 to 7.02%) and Sirius (LoA: 3.51 to 6.14%). The mean steep keratometry values of the Sirius were significantly lower than those of the Pentacam HR and in both the cross-linked and observation groups (LoA: 3.51 to 6.14%). The mean keratometry values were significantly higher in the Cassini compared to the Pentacam HR (LoA: 3.51 to 8.77%) and significantly lower in the Sirius in comparison to the Pentacam HR (LoA: 3.51 to 6.14%). The mean difference in astigmatism was also statistically significant between the three tomographers in both groups, with the Cassini showing higher values (LoA: 3.51 to 5.26%) and the Sirius lower values than the Pentacam HR (LoA: 5.26 to 6.14%).

Conclusions:

The authors conclude the three devices cannot be used interchangeably. The Cassini showed better agreement and correlation with the Pentacam HR in the staging of keratoconus, whereas the Sirius tended to underdiagnose and under-stage the disease.

[
J Refract Surg
. 2024;40(4):e260–e269.]
Design and Optimization of Human-Computer Interaction System for Education Management Based on Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Liu Yaqing
Published: April 2024

The continuous improvement and refinement of artificial intelligence (AI) technology has facilitated the broader application of human-computer interaction in the field of education management. The construction of an educational management human-computer interaction system based on AI technology can optimize and improve key parameters of educational management human-computer interaction scenarios, thereby creating a more comprehensive mobile learning (m-learning) application system. This paper is based on AI technology, analyzing gesture semantics and speech semantics, and combining fusion algorithms to construct an education management human interaction system. The performance changes of the system were compared with real experimental operations and the NOBOOK platform analysis. The results show that the education management human-computer interaction system constructed in this article can enhance the m-learning experience of participants. It ensures high recognition accuracy, leading to higher scores in all dimensions of indicator evaluation. Therefore, as one of the crucial forms of m-learning, the human-computer interaction system for education management based on AI can establish a foundation for the further enhancement and development of education management.
Effects of the Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade and Colonialism on Indigenous Knowledge for Digital Technology in Africa
Authors: Niyitunga Eric Blanco , Modibedi Logic L.
Published: April 2024

Over time, Indigenous knowledge has preserved distinctive understandings rooted in cultural experience and creativities that guide relations among human, non-human, and other-than-human beings in specific ecosystems. These understandings and relations constitute a system broadly identified as Indigenous knowledge, also called traditional or Aboriginal knowledge. Archaeologists conducting excavations in Indigenous locales may uncover physical evidence of Indigenous knowledge (e.g., artifacts, landscape modifications, ritual markers, stone carvings, faunal remains).