bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Interreligious Communication Perspective of the Qur'an Surah Al-Hujurat Verse 13
Authors: Adinda Adinda
Published: February 2025

This research discusses the concept of interreligious communication in the context of the Qur'an, focusing on Surah Al-Hujurat Verse 13. This Surah teaches the basic principles of human relations, which emphasize the importance of tolerance and respect for differences in race, culture, and belief. This research uses qualitative analysis and literature review methods to analyze the data and find conclusions. Tolerance means respecting, allowing, and freeing others to behave and act in a way that is consistent with their rights, as long as it does not harm or infringe upon the rights of others. The results show that Surah Al-Hujurat Verse 13 contains teachings that support values and principles relevant to the vision of society which prioritizes diversity, inclusiveness, morality, and collaboration in creating a harmonious and sustainable society. Religious moderation in the context of society can play an important role in maintaining social harmony and contributing to the creation of a more harmonious society.
The Role of the Mahalawu Studio in the Development of the Jalak Lawu Dance as a Cultural Identity of Magetan Regency
Authors: Widarwati Widarwati , Malarsih Malarsih , Sugiarto Eko
Published: February 2025

The aim of this research is to discuss the role of Sanggar Mahalawu in the development of Jalak Lawu Dance in Magetan Regency. The Jalak Lawu dance is a typical Magetan Regency dance which was created by the Magetan Regency artist, Mrs. Hartini. The development of the Jalak Lawu Dance over time has made the Regency Government, especially the Department of Tourism and Culture and the artists of Sanggar Mahalawu, ask Mrs. Hartini for permission to develop the Jalak Lawu Dance. August 2022 Jalak Lawu Dance was designated as a Typical Dance of Magetan Regency at the same time as the performance building and the Magetan Arts Council (DESIMA) were established. The Jalak Lawu dance is an art that must be preserved as cultural heritage in Magetan Regency. Sanggar Mahalwu is the place where the Starling Lawu Dance began to be taught to the people of Magetan Regency. Efforts to develop the Jalak Lawu Dance continue to be made by Sanggar Mahalwu through learning in the Studio and in schools as well as performances at various important events in Magetan Regency and outside Magetan Regency. As an identity dance, of course the existence of the Jalak Lawu Dance must continue to be pursued both from the cultural and educational sectors.
Learning Islamic Education in Elementary Schools
Authors: Zulhijra Zulhijra , Anggraini Stephanie Putri , Agustin Dewy , Agustin Devy
Published: February 2025

This article explains the reasons for Islamic religious education in elementary schools. Elementary school-age children's thinking abilities develop gradually. To achieve success in educational goals, they must be understood wisely. Descriptive qualitative methods were used in this research. In other words, descriptive analysis is used to collect, organize, and interpret data. The research results show that Islamic religious education in elementary schools differs greatly. If children think imaginatively at first, they become more rational and objective. The study of Islamic religion includes the Koran, creed, morals, fiqh or worship, and the history of Islamic culture. The educational methods that can be applied are Qur'anic education methods, including the install, qishah, ibrah mauidzah, hiwar jadali, uswah hasanah, and targhib tarhib methods. Islamic religious education, on the other hand, can be provided verbally or non-verbally, written or written, and is intended to measure intellectual, social, and spiritual competence. Therefore, it is hoped that Islamic religious education will produce individuals who continue to improve their faith, piety, and morals while actively building Islamic civilization daily.
Implementation of Teacher Development Policy in Indonesia
Authors: Siskawati Garina , Ramadani Leni , Rahma Cahaya , Izandy Izandy , Mulyadi Mulyadi
Published: February 2025

Policy was created to replace industry. This technology concept aims so that human life is not eroded by technology and can solve some problems that occur today, especially in the field of education. This study aims to analyze the implementation of societyon teacher development policies in Indonesia and this research uses library research methods . Some of the problems that occur today are lack of teacher development and lack of teacher knowledge on the use of learning media technology. The policies prepared by the government to overcome these problems already exist, but in terms of implementation there are still shortcomings especially technological developments are now increasingly rapid, therefore the need for adjustments between society to teacher development policies and the use of learning media today.
Implementation of Character Education for Students in Inclusive Schools (Case Study of Al-Muhajirin Islamic Kindergarten, Tangerang)
Authors: Sutarman Sutarman , Salim Agus
Published: February 2025

This study aims to analyze the implementation of character education for students in inclusive schools. A descriptive qualitative research approach was employed. The research informants consisted of the school principal, teachers, and parents. Data collection techniques included interviews, observations, and documentation. Data validity was ensured through triangulation involving data reduction, data presentation, and verification. The implementation of character education in inclusive schools was carried out in three stages: execution, habituation, reinforcement, and assessment. The implementation stage began during new student registration, focusing on instilling character values in inclusive students. The final stage involved assessing character-building outcomes. Supporting factors included teachers' motivation to enhance their competencies and parental support for the character education program. Internal obstacles involved the lack of special education graduates among some teachers, while external challenges stemmed from limited parental support. Solutions included organizing seminars and teacher training, establishing collaborations with institutions specializing in inclusive education, and fostering communication between teachers and parents through parenting programs attended by both educators and parents.
Monitoring and Evaluation of the Educational Unit Curriculum at the Takhfidz Al Husna International Islamic Boarding School
Authors: Wibowo Arif
Published: February 2025

To maintain the alignment of material and developmental demands that are always growing rapidly, a curriculum must always be evaluated regularly. This study reviews the monitoring and evaluation of the education unit curriculum at the Takhfidz Al Husna International Boarding School in Mayong Jepara. Which aims to find out how the curriculum at Takhfidz Al Husna International Boarding School Mayong Jepara and find out why the importance of monitoring and evaluating the curriculum at Takhfidz Al Husna International Boarding School Mayong Jepara and also what the implications of monitoring and evaluating the curriculum at Takhfidz Al Husna International Boarding School Mayong Jepara. This research uses the System Literature Review (SLR) method. This SLR method is used to identify, review, evaluate, and interpret all available research with the topic area of interesting phenomena, with certain relevant research questions. From the results of the research, it was found that the development of the education unit curriculum was integrated with the boarding school curriculum. Judging from the administration, here it is very complete all kinds of curriculum content itself. Implementation is also very efficient, because the subject matter is directly practiced on a daily basis. Continuity is also very good, because all student activities from waking up to going to bed can be set without pausing other activities that interfere. The vision, mission and objectives of the character development of the education unit curriculum have also produced students who excel at the provincial and even national levels. However, the results of researcher observations still have several things that need to be maximized, namely special classrooms for formal education, so that students are more focused and the implementation of bilingual programs that have not been maximized.
“It’s always been a challenge, right?” An analysis of the affordances and limitations of STEM educators’ attempts to improve gender equity in Global South and North makerspaces
Authors: Archer Louise , Freedman Esme , Nag Chowdhuri Meghna , DeWitt Jennifer , Liu Qian , Garcia Gonzalez Francisco
Published: February 2025

Introduction

The longstanding, chronic under-representation of girls/ women and non-binary youth in engineering and computing remains a global concern. Informal STEM learning contexts, such as makerspaces, have the potential and flexibility to engage all young people with STEM in creative, engaging and equitable ways. Yet to date, this potential remains largely un-realized, with many makerspaces remaining ‘chilly’, male-dominated spaces (materially, spatially, relationally and socially). This paper seeks to contribute to understanding of the challenges and possibilities for more gender equitable practice in makerspaces.

Methods

The paper analyses multimodal data collected by academic and youth co-researchers over two years from two Global North and two Global South makerspaces, as part of a collaborative research-practice partnership project.

Results

The paper considers educators’ attempts to evolve and improve gender equitable practice in their settings, shared challenges and barriers to gender equity, steps taken by practitioners to support greater gender equity within their settings (through access/outreach, governance/staffing and pedagogy) and the challenges and blocks they encountered to progress.

Discussion

Implications are discussed for advancing equitable practice to support the participation of girls/ young women and non-binary youth within STEM and makerspaces.
Global burden of chronic kidney disease due to diabetes mellitus, 1990-2021, and projections to 2050
Authors: Ma Xiao , Liu Rong , Xi Xiang , Zhuo Hui , Gu Yiwei
Published: February 2025

Introduction

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a serious complication of diabetes, and the global burden of the disease is gradually increasing.

Methods

This study systematically analyzed the trends and future projections of the worldwide burden of chronic kidney disease caused by type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus based on the Global Burden of Disease Study (GBD) using data from 1990 to 2021. Number of deaths, Age-standardized mortality rates, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), and age-standardized DALYs rate were used to estimate the disease burden. The study used Estimated Annual Percentage Changes (EAPCs) to calculate trends in the burden of each disease subtype and different regions and assessed the impact of various age groups and metabolic factors on chronic kidney disease due to diabetes. The ARIMA model was further used to predict the burden of Diabetic nephropathy from 2022 to 2050.

Results

The results of the study showed that the burden of Diabetic nephropathy and its EAPCs varied significantly in distribution across different Sociodemographic Index subgroups of countries as well as among 204 countries and regions worldwide. In addition, the influence of different age groups and metabolic factors on the burden of Diabetic nephropathy also showed significant variability. The effects of metabolic factors on the number of deaths and mortality were positively correlated with age. Different metabolic factors have different effects on the mortality of CKD due to type 1 diabetes and CKD due to type 2 diabetes. The ARIMA model predicts that the global burden of Diabetic nephropathy will continue to increase in the absence of interventions.

Conclusions

To effectively manage CKD caused by diabetes, more accurate and cost-effective diagnostic tools and interventions are needed in the future, especially in low - and middle-income countries with poor healthcare resources.
The effect of extracellular vesicles derived from oral squamous cell carcinoma on the metabolic profile of oral fibroblasts
Authors: Lipka Aleksandra , Søland Tine M. , Nieminen Anni I. , Sapkota Dipak , Haug Trude M. , Galtung Hilde K.
Published: February 2025

Introduction

Oral cancer is one of the most common forms of head and neck cancers. Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) accounts for more than 90% of the oral malignancies. The molecular pathogenesis of OSCC is complex as it involves altered expression of specific genes and proteins, but also comprises changes in metabolic processes. It is suggested that extracellular vesicles (EVs) released by cancer cells may contribute to cancer development and metastasis by recruiting and changing phenotype of normal cells that surround the tumor.

Methods

The aim of the project was to characterize the effect of OSCC EVs on the metabolic profile of normal oral fibroblasts (NOFs). Targeted liquid chromatography mass spectrometry metabolic profiling was performed on control cells and NOFs exposed to OSCC EVs for 24 and 48 h.

Results

Analysis of detected metabolites revealed that OSCC EVs affected NOFs the most after 24 h of exposure. Among metabolites that were significantly altered at 24 h, pyruvate, ATP, UTP, coenzyme A, and dihydroxyacetone phosphate were upregulated, while fatty acids such as nervonic acid, linoleate, oleate, palmitoleic acid, and docosahexaenoic acid were downregulated. These findings were supported by Western blotting of pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2) and aldolase, fructose-bisphosphate A (ALDOA).

Conclusion

The metabolic pathways of glycolysis, citric acid cycle, and amino acid metabolism were enriched, suggesting that OSCC EVs cause phenotype switch in NOFs that may contribute to acquiring a pro-tumorigenic phenotype.
A meta-analysis of the impact of technology related factors on students’ academic performance
Authors: Kuş Metin
Published: February 2025

Introduction

The relationship between students’ smartphone addiction, social media use, video games play, and their academic performance has been widely studied, yet the existing literature presents inconsistent findings. This meta-analysis synthesizes current research to provide a comprehensive examination of the impact of these technologies on academic achievement.

Methods

A total of 63 studies (yielding 64 effect sizes) were included, encompassing a sample of 124,166 students from 28 countries. The meta-analysis utilized correlation coefficients and sample sizes, reporting results based on the random effects model. Key statistics such as the Fisher’s Z value, confidence intervals, and heterogeneity (Q) test results were considered, and publication bias was assessed using Begg and Mazumdar’s rank correlation test, with the Kendall Tau coefficient determining bias significance.

Results and discussion

The meta-analysis revealed a small but statistically significant negative association between smartphone use, social media use, video game playing, and students’ academic performance [Q(64) = 2501.93, p < 0.001, d = −0.085]. It is concluded that increased use of these technologies was associated with poorer academic outcomes, potentially impacting key cognitive skills essential for academic success. The implications for educational psychology research and future research directions are discussed.
Coupled Dynamics Modeling and Validation of Maglev Vehicle and Bridge Systems
Authors: Zhou Fei , Li Xiaolong
Published: February 2025

To address the vehicle-bridge coupling vibration issue of the Qingyuan Maglev Tourist Line, it is necessary to establish a maglev vehicle–bridge coupling dynamics simulation model that reflects the actual line conditions. Based on the vehicle and bridge structural parameters of the Qingyuan Maglev Tourist Line, this paper utilizes multi-body dynamics simulation software to create a medium–low-speed maglev vehicle dynamics model, and employs finite element software to construct a bridge model. Using the modal reduction method, the bridge finite element model is imported into the vehicle dynamics model through a rigid–flex coupling interface, establishing a medium–low-speed maglev vehicle suspension system–bridge coupling dynamics model. The accuracy of the established coupling simulation model was verified by comparing the simulation data from the coupling model with the dynamic response measured data from the Qingyuan Maglev Tourist Line. Finally, the impact of different control parameters on the vehicle–bridge coupling system was calculated, and the results indicate that selecting appropriate suspension control parameters can reduce the coupling vibration response between the maglev vehicle and the bridge. The main work of this paper is closely related to engineering, modeling based on the actual maglev line’s vehicle and bridge parameters, and validating the model through the dynamic test results of the line, laying the foundation for the suppression of maglev vehicle–bridge coupling vibration and system optimization.
A Novel BiGRU-Attention Model for Predicting Corn Market Prices Based on Multi-Feature Fusion and Grey Wolf Optimization
Authors: Feng Yang , Hu Xiaonan , Hou Songsong , Guo Yan
Published: February 2025

Accurately predicting corn market prices is crucial for ensuring corn production, enhancing farmers’ income, and maintaining the stability of the grain market. However, corn price fluctuations are influenced by various factors, exhibiting non-stationarity, nonlinearity, and high volatility, making prediction challenging. Therefore, this paper proposes a comprehensive, efficient, and accurate method for predicting corn prices. First, in the data processing phase, the seasonal and trend decomposition using LOESS (STL) algorithm was used to extract the trend, seasonality, and residual components of corn prices, combined with the GARCH-in-mean (GARCH-M) model to delve into the volatility clustering characteristics. Next, the kernel principal component analysis (KPCA) was employed for nonlinear dimensionality reduction to extract key information and accelerate model convergence. Finally, a BiGRU-Attention model, optimized by the grey wolf optimizer (GWO), was constructed to predict corn market prices accurately. The effectiveness of the proposed model was assessed through cross-sectional and longitudinal validation experiments. The empirical results indicated that the proposed STLG-KPCA-GWO-BiGRU-Attention (SGKGBA) model exhibited significant advantages in terms of MAE (0.0159), RMSE (0.0215), MAPE (0.5544%), and R2 (0.9815). This model effectively captures price fluctuation features, significantly enhances prediction accuracy, and offers reliable trend forecasts for decision makers regarding corn market prices.
Effects of Equivalent Substitution of Chemical Nitrogen Fertilizer with Straw-Derived Nitrogen on Water Consumption Characteristics of Maize Stages
Authors: Xie Ling , Wang Xiaojuan
Published: February 2025

This investigation examines the effects of straw-based nitrogen fertilization on soil hydrological properties and biomass partitioning in maize under arid zone conditions. A biennial field investigation was conducted during the 2016–2017 cropping seasons, with an equal nitrogen content of 225 kg ha−1, and a total of 5 treatments, 100% fertilizer nitrogen (CK), 25% straw nitrogen + 75% fertilizer nitrogen (S25), 50% straw nitrogen + 50% fertilizer nitrogen (S50), 75% straw nitrogen + 25% fertilizer nitrogen (S75), 100% straw nitrogen (S100). The data demonstrated that in 2017, in comparison with CK, the soil water storage in the 0–60 cm soil layer of S25 and S50 in the large trumpet stage (V12) increased significantly by 23.32% and 25.14% (p < 0.05), respectively. In the two-year experiment, stratified moisture reserves (0–200 cm) in different treatment groups exhibited a fluctuating pattern characterized by successive increase-decrease-increase transitions along the soil profile, and overall S25 and S50 were larger than CK. In 2016, the biomass accumulation of the S50 treatment at the maturity stage (R6) was the highest, which increased by 18.11% and 19.49% compared with the CK and S75 (p < 0.05), respectively. There was statistical parity in water use efficiency between treatments. Soil moisture retention capacity of 180–200 cm soil was positively correlated with yield at the jointing (V6) and maturity (R6) stages, and soil water storage of 160–180 cm soil was positively correlated with yield at the tasselling stage (VT). Water consumption during the presowing–to–jointing phase demonstrated the strongest correlation with final grain yield. In summary, the S25 treatment in this experiment significantly enhanced the optimization of soil hydrological properties, increasing soil moisture storage, fully utilizing soil moisture, increasing dry matter accumulation in each growth period of maize, and replacing chemical nitrogen fertilizer with 25% of straw equivalent N fertilizers was beneficial to soil moisture storage.
Impact of Incorporating Defatted Black Soldier Fly Meal into Diet on Growth Performance, Serum Biochemical Parameters, Nutrient Digestibility, Morphology of the Intestinal Tract, and Immune Index of Brooding Laying Hens
Authors: Li Lusheng , Chen Lifei , Wang Guiying , Zhao Yinling , Xin Yizhen , Xu Meng , Wang Yuxi , Song Hanhan , Fu Jiani , Shang Rongsheng , Zhang Jibin
Published: February 2025

The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of incorporating black soldier fly meal (BSFM) into the diet of brooding laying hens, with a focus on growth performance, serum biochemical markers, nutrient digestibility, intestinal morphology, and immune responses. A total of 480 one-day-old chicks (Hy-Line Brown, commercial flock) were randomly divided into four dietary treatment groups, each consisting of six replicates with 20 birds per pen. One group was fed a basal control diet (control/G0 group), while the remaining three groups were fed 3% (G3 group), 6% (G6 group), and 9% (G9 group) BSFM, respectively. The study lasted for 42 days. At both 21 and 42 days of age, several parameters were measured, including average daily gain (ADG), average daily feed intake (ADFI), feed conversion ratio (FCR), and tibia length. Blood serum samples were also collected to assess biochemical and antioxidant indicators. Results showed that the ADG in the G3 group was significantly higher than the G0 group during the 1–21, 22–24, and 1–42 day periods (p < 0.05). The F/G ratio in the G3 group was significantly lower than that of the G0 group during the 1–21 day period (p < 0.05). However, there were no significant differences in ADFI or tibia length across the groups (p > 0.05). The total protein and globulin levels in the G3 and G6 groups were significantly higher than those in the G0 group (p < 0.05). Additionally, blood urea nitrogen levels in the G3 group were significantly higher than in the G0 group (p < 0.05). Conversely, triglyceride levels were significantly lower in the G3 and G6 groups compared to the G0 group (p < 0.05). Total antioxidant activity was significantly higher in the G6 and G9 groups than in the G0 group (p < 0.05). The treated groups also exhibited higher glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity and lower malondialdehyde (MDA) levels compared to the G0 group (p < 0.05). However, there were no significant differences in total superoxide dismutase activity across the groups (p > 0.05). In conclusion, this study indicates that BSFM can serve as a high-quality protein raw material in the process of laying hen breeding, highlighting its potential as a viable insect protein source in the poultry feed industry.
New 28-Item and 12-Item Dog Owner Relationship Scales: Contemporary Versions of the MDORS with a Revised Four-Component Structure
Authors: Bennett Pauleen C. , Tepper Deanna L. , Rogers Louisa , Mariti Chiara , Howell Tiffani J.
Published: February 2025

Numerous scales have been developed to assess pet–owner relationship quality. One commonly used measure is the Monash Dog Owner Relationship Scale (MDORS) and its various derivatives. Since this scale was published in 2006, many social changes have occurred, necessitating a review and, if necessary, refinement of this measure. We sought to investigate the internal consistency and structure of the existing instrument, as well as an expanded and modified version of the scale, in a contemporary adult sample of over 350 adults, recruited to be potentially less dog-centric than previous samples. The existing three-factor structure of the MDORS appeared reasonably sound, but a Principal Components Analysis with modified items resulted in identification of a four-component structure. Two of the components approximated existing MDORS measures: the Perceived Costs of Dog Ownership and the owner’s Emotional Reliance on their pet. Rather than replicating the existing Pet Owner Interaction subscale, however, we identified two different types of engagement: Affectionate Engagement and Active Engagement. The subscale scores and the total score were, as expected, intercorrelated with each other and with the Lexington Attachment to Pets Scale. Perhaps surprisingly, however, they were statistically associated with very few demographic variables, such as owner gender, age, education, or residence location, and they were rarely associated with dog variables such as age, sex, or source. This may speak to the current near-universality of strong human–dog relationships, which we propose can now be assessed using two new measures: the Dog Owner Relationship Scale 28 (DORS28) and a shortened version, the Dog Owner Relationship Scale 12 (DORS12).
Invited Review: Inflammation and Health in the Transition Period Influence Reproductive Function in Dairy Cows
Authors: Bruinjé Tony C. , LeBlanc Stephen J.
Published: February 2025

In the early postpartum period, dairy cows undergo significant adaptations in Ca and lipid metabolism, immune function, and inflammatory processes. Concurrent exposure to endotoxins from the uterus, gastrointestinal tract, or mammary gland increases the risk of disease and reproductive problems. Metabolic and inflammatory imbalances during this phase can have both immediate and long-term effects on reproductive health. Associations between metabolic disorders and reproductive outcomes are often confounded by immune activation and systemic inflammation. However, optimal markers, thresholds, and durations for identifying maladaptation and predicting adverse health or reproductive outcomes remain unclear. This narrative review examines key physiological changes during the transition period, including hypocalcemia, lipid mobilization, immune activation, systemic inflammation, and uterine disease. We discuss how these events may affect the dominant follicle, corpus luteum, oocyte, and uterus, potentially leading to prolonged anovulation, reduced estrus expression, impaired response to synchronization protocols, lower progesterone concentrations, and compromised fertility. Understanding these mechanisms will support the development of strategies to monitor, prevent, and mitigate the impacts of transition-related maladaptation on reproductive performance. Such advancements can enhance the health and fertility of high-producing dairy cows.
Isolated Pulmonary Valve Endocarditis Caused by Enterococcus faecalis—Facing the Unpredictable
Authors: Vâţă Andrei , Loghin Isabela Ioana , Miftode Radu Ștefan , Crişu Daniela , Luca Cătălina Mihaela , Vasilescu Alin Mihai , Onofrei Ioana Maria , Parângă Tudorița , Miftode Ionela-Larisa
Published: February 2025

Background: Infective endocarditis is a severe, life-threatening condition which affects the endocardial lining of the heart. Right-sided IE typically affects the tricuspid valve and, less commonly, the pulmonary valve, often in association with intravenous drug use and intracardiac devices. Enterococcus faecalis, a significant pathogen in healthcare settings, is frequently resistant to several antibiotics, complicating treatment. Results: We present the case of a 69-year-old man diagnosed with isolated pulmonary valve endocarditis, with no identifiable risk factors, good oral hygiene, and no recent dental procedures. In our case, the E. faecalis strain, initially susceptible to ampicillin, acquired resistance during high-dose ampicillin and gentamicin therapy, leading to cardiac surgery and prolonged antibiotic treatment. Conclusions: IPE is rare, emphasizing the need for heightened clinical awareness and thorough diagnostic evaluation, especially in patients with endocarditis symptoms and known risk factors. Although ampicillin resistance in E. faecalis is uncommon, its emergence during treatment presents a challenge, necessitating careful antibiotic stewardship to improve outcomes.
Comparative Transcriptional Analysis of Long Noncoding RNAs in Oxidative Stress and Inflammation Induced by Potassium Permanganate and Lipopolysaccharide in Rat Uterine Tissues
Authors: Umar Talha , Feng Huili , Feng Wen , Zhou Han , Chen Nuoer , Zhang Jinxin , Liu Wenjing , Wang Xiao , Umer Saqib , Umar Zaima , Asad Muhammad , Naeem Muhammad , Qiu Changwei , Deng Ganzhen
Published: February 2025

Potassium permanganate (KMnO4) is a commercially available antiseptic used in bovine intrauterine lavage to manage postpartum infections. Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) are well-studied for their ability to induce inflammation and oxidative stress. While KMnO4 is known to cause significant irritation, oxidative stress, and toxicity in uterine tissues, its transcriptional impact and potential for inducing similar molecular damage as LPS have not been fully explored. In this study, we induced oxidative stress in the uterine tissues of Sprague–Dawley (SD) rats using KMnO4 and compared the transcriptional profiles with those treated with LPS. We focused on the differential expression of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) and messenger RNAs (mRNAs) related to oxidative stress, toxicity, and inflammation. RNA sequencing revealed 1125 differentially expressed mRNAs in the KMnO4-treated group and 989 in the LPS-treated group. Additionally, 1649 lncRNAs were differentially expressed in the KMnO4 group compared with 1383 in the LPS group. Gene ontology (GO) and KEGG enrichment analyses showed that 78 pathways were significantly enriched in the KMnO4 group, while 80 pathways were enriched in the LPS group, with 50 pathways shared between the two. This study offers critical insights into the transcriptional profiles associated with KMnO4 exposure and its similarities to LPS-induced damage.
Antioxidant Activity and Chemical Alterations of Honeybee Brood Bio-Peptides Interacting with Honey Under Moist-Dried Thermal Aging
Authors: Chaipoot Supakit , Wiriyacharee Pairote , Pathomrungsiyounggul Pattavara , Kanthakat Gochakorn , Somjai Chalermkwan , Boonyapranai Kongsak , Srinuanpan Sirasit , Wongwatcharayothin Worachai , Phongphisutthinant Rewat
Published: February 2025

Edible insect honeybee brood and natural honey are rich in proteins and saccharides, with inherent bioactive properties such as antioxidant activity. To enhance their antioxidative potential under simple thermal conditions, this research employed spontaneous aging via a moist-dried heating process, primarily driven by the Maillard reaction. Honeybee brood bio-peptides (HBb-BPs), produced through Rhizopus oligosporus fermentation, were mixed with honey in varying ratios of 70:30, 50:50, and 30:70 (%w/w). The mixtures underwent interaction under controlled conditions (60 °C for 20 days at ~75% relative humidity). A comparative analysis was performed on the mixtures before and after the thermal interaction, focusing on chemical characterization and antioxidant activity (ABTS, DPPH, and FRAP assays). Results revealed that the post-process mixtures exhibited significantly enhanced antioxidant activity, with higher honey concentrations correlating to greater antioxidative effects. Furthermore, allulose and mannose were detected after processing, while levels of fructose, glucose, and free amino acids decreased. These changes likely indicate the formation of complex compounds, molecular rearrangements, and the production of phenolic compounds that contributed to the increased antioxidative capacity. This study highlights the pivotal role of the Maillard reaction in augmenting antioxidant activity, elucidates changes in sugar–amino acid interactions, and validates the effectiveness of the moist-dried heating process. These findings provide valuable insights for potential future applications of this simple and scalable method.
Enhancing Recognition Memory in Virtual Memory Palaces Using Worlds-in-Miniature
Authors: Lee Junhyeok , Lee Kang Hoon
Published: February 2025

The memory palace, a mnemonic technique from ancient Greece, remains widely used for memory competitions and learning. This study introduces a procedurally generated virtual memory palace combined with the Worlds-in-Miniature (WIM) interface in virtual reality. WIM enhances spatial perception by providing a miniaturized visualization of the memory palace and enabling instant movement between locations. Focusing on recognition memory, an experiment with 40 participants was conducted to measure memory performance under conditions with and without the WIM interface. Each participant memorized 30 target images within a procedurally generated memory palace and completed a recognition task distinguishing targets from non-targets. Data included immediate recognition performance and follow-up assessments at 7 and 14 days to evaluate long-term retention. The results showed that the WIM interface significantly improved recognition memory, particularly among participants with lower initial success rates. By providing spatial structuring, WIM facilitated stronger memory associations, leading to enhanced recall accuracy and sustained long-term retention. This method demonstrates the potential of VR memory palaces as effective tools for supporting memorization-based learning in education and training contexts.
Cutting Force Estimation Using Milling Spindle Vibration-Based Machine Learning
Authors: Ryu Je-Doo , Lee Hoon-Hee , Ha Kyoung-Nam , Kim Sung-Ryul , Lee Min Cheol
Published: February 2025

In manufacturing automation, accurately determining the optimal tool replacement timing is critical yet challenging. Tool condition monitoring (TCM) has been widely studied to address this issue. Cutting force is a key parameter for evaluating tool wear, but conventional force sensors are costly and difficult to implement. This study proposes a cost-effective alternative by estimating cutting forces using spindle vibration data through a long short-term memory (LSTM)-based machine learning model. First, the correlation between cutting force and tool wear is analyzed to emphasize the need for accurate force estimation. Then, vibration data collected from the spindle are used to train an LSTM model, which is effective for time-series data processing. The model is trained with vibration signals from various machining positions, with structured time-series datasets improving performance and generalization. Experimental results show that the developed model accurately estimates cutting forces using short segments of vibration data from a single tool revolution. Additionally, the observed relationship between cutting force and tool wear remains consistent across different machining conditions. This study validates real-time cutting force estimation via spindle vibration monitoring and suggests its potential for tool wear prediction. The proposed method offers a practical, low-cost solution for improving tool condition monitoring in automated machining.
Changes in Quality Features of Pork Burgers Prepared with Chokeberry Pomace During Storage
Authors: Cegiełka Aneta , Piątkowska Jagoda , Chmiel Marta , Hać-Szymańczuk Elżbieta , Kalisz Stanisław , Adamczak Lech
Published: February 2025

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of adding shredded black chokeberry (Aronia melanocarpa) pomace on the quality of heat-treated and vacuum-packed pork burgers stored for 14 days at +4 °C. Four burger treatments—Control (BC) and products with 2%, 3.5%, and 5% chokeberry pomace (B2, B3.5, and B5, respectively)—were analyzed for physicochemical properties (thermal loss, shrinkage, content of selected chemical components, pH, color parameters, and shear force) and microbial quality (aerobic mesophilic microorganisms, psychrotrophic bacteria, lactic acid bacteria, Enterobacteriaceae, Pseudomonas spp., Brochothrix thermosphacta, and yeasts and molds). The addition of chokeberry pomace increased (p < 0.05) the thermal loss of pork burgers from 23.5% (BC) to 30.8% (B5) and decreased (p < 0.05) the pH from 6.93 (BC, day 1) to 6.74 (B5, day 14). The introduction of pomace into the pork burgers also significantly (p < 0.05) affected the content of chemical components. However, the nutritional value of pork burgers remained high, with a protein content not lower than 26.68% (BC) and a fat content not exceeding 13.96% (B5). The most affected quality feature of the pork burgers was color. Products B2, B3.5, and B5 exhibited lower L* and b* parameters (p < 0.05) while showing higher a* values. The b* parameter had negative values for products B3.5 and B5 on days 7 and 14. The use of chokeberry pomace did not deteriorate the microbial quality of pork burgers, as indicated by the maximum total count of aerobic mesophilic microorganisms, which reached 4.4 × 103 cfu/g (B3.5). Moreover, on the final day of storage, moderate antimicrobial properties of chokeberry pomace were observed, with a lower (p < 0.05) number of lactic acid bacteria and Pseudomonas spp. in products B2–B5 compared to BC. The results indicate that incorporating shredded chokeberry pomace into burger-type ground pork products does not present major technological difficulties. However, raw shredded fruit pomace is a perishable microbiological material and requires rapid processing. Further research on the use of chokeberry pomace in burger-type meat products is recommended due to its nutritional value and health-promoting properties. However, this research should include a comprehensive sensory evaluation of the finished product.
An Overview of Emerging Nuclear Sensor Technologies: Challenges, Advancements and Applications
Authors: Huurman Johannes , Mondal Kunal , Martinez Oscar
Published: February 2025

Nuclear sensors are essential for detecting and measuring nuclear radiation in various applications, including nuclear power plants, medical imaging, and environmental monitoring. Traditional nuclear sensors have served these fields for decades, but recent advancements in emerging sensor technologies offer novel improvements in accuracy, sensitivity, and reliability. This review presents an up-to-date overview of recent progress in the advancements of nuclear sensor technologies, their diverse applications, challenges in implementation, and opportunities for future research.
The Spatiotemporal Evolution of Geo-Disaster Resilience in China and the Impact Mechanism of Environmental Governance
Authors: Zhu Hao , Zhu Xing , Li Yong , Ao Yibin , Jia Xugong , Peng Panyu , Li Mingyang , Li Jiayue
Published: February 2025

The increasing frequency of extreme climate events has posed severe challenges to China’s socio-economic development and ecological environment due to geological disasters. Therefore, there is an urgent need for effective adaptive strategies to enhance geo-disaster resilience. Environmental governance, as an effective measure to reduce risks from extreme climates and disasters while promoting high-quality social development, remains underexplored in terms of its impact on geo-disaster resilience. This study innovatively constructs a resilience assessment framework that considers extreme climate and geo-disaster intensity, integrating various statistical methods, including the Super-Efficiency Slacks-Based Measure Data Envelopment Analysis (SBM-DEA) model, spatial Markov chains, and methods such as Geodetector and the Geographically and Temporally Weighted Regression (GTWR), to reveal the spatiotemporal evolution of geo-disaster resilience in China from 2007 to 2022, while also analyzing the mechanisms through which environmental governance influences resilience and its spatiotemporal variations. The findings indicate that China’s geo-disaster resilience exhibits unstable growth with significant regional disparities. Spatially, resilience shows notable spillover effects and a tendency toward convergence within similar regions. Environmental governance unevenly enhances resilience over time and space: soil and water conservation and afforestation are generally effective measures, while the contributions of ecological water replenishment, environmental facility management personnel, fiscal expenditure, and nature reserve protection vary by region. This research offers key insights into improving geo-disaster resilience and optimizing environmental governance strategies to enhance China’s disaster response capacity and regional sustainable development.
Predictive Value of Preoperative Maximum Standardized Uptake Value (SUVmax) in Patients with Advanced Gastric Cancer
Authors: Sun Yinwen , Sun Xiangfei , Xiong Ran , Li Chao , Zhou Yuning , Jiang Wenchao , Wang Hongshan , Gao Xiaodong
Published: February 2025

Background: This study aimed to investigate the clinical and prognostic significance of preoperative maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) and GLUT-1 expression in patients with advanced gastric cancer (AGC). Methods: Medical records of patients who were diagnosed with AGC between 2018 and 2020 at Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University (Shanghai, China) were retrospectively analyzed. Finally, 182 patients were enrolled, and for each patient, SUVmax was calculated for the primary lesion on PET/CT prior to curative surgery. A total of 165 clinical tissue specimens were collected for immunohistochemical analysis of GLUT-1 expression. Results: A total of 182 patients were divided into two groups based on their SUVmax values. The low SUVmax group comprised 92 patients. Patients with low SUVmax tended to be younger and included a higher proportion of women, with their primary tumors typically smaller or in earlier TNM stages. The median follow-up time was 52 months. The 1-, 3-, and 5-year progression-free survival (PFS) rates were 90.7%, 71.4%, and 67.0%, respectively. Among them, 33 patients experienced recurrence and metastasis, and 40 ultimately died. Log-rank analysis revealed that the low SUVmax group exhibited superior progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). Multivariate analysis indicated that, for AGC without preoperative treatment, later stage (stage III) was independently correlated with a higher risk of recurrence (HR = 3.049; 95%CI = 1.076–8.639; p = 0.036), while the low SUVmax group exhibited a reduced risk of recurrence and mortality compared with the high SUVmax group (HR = 0.565; 95%CI = 0.326–0.979; p = 0.042). Conclusions: The clinicopathological characteristics of patients with AGC with different SUVmax values appeared significantly different. Tumor stage and SUVmax were found as independent factors affecting postoperative recurrence and death of patients with AGC.
Microfluidic Biosensors for the Detection of Motile Plant Zoospores
Authors: Zhang Peikai , Williams David E. , Stephens Logan , Helps Robert , Pushparajah Irene Patricia Shamini , Travas-Sejdic Jadranka , Wood Marion
Published: February 2025

Plant pathogen zoospores play a vital role in the transmission of several significant plant diseases, with their early detection being important for effective pathogen management. Current methods for pathogen detection involve labour-intensive specimen collection and laboratory testing, lacking real-time feedback capabilities. Methods that can be deployed in the field and remotely addressed are required. In this study, we have developed an innovative zoospore-sensing device by combining a microfluidic sampling system with a microfluidic cytometer and incorporating a chemotactic response as a means to selectively detect motile spores. Spores of Phytophthora cactorum were guided to swim up a detection channel following a gradient of attractant. They were then detected by a transient change in impedance when they passed between a pair of electrodes. Single-zoospore detection was demonstrated with signal-to-noise ratios of ~17 when a carrying flow was used and ~5.9 when the zoospores were induced to swim into the channel following the gradient of the attractants. This work provides an innovative solution for the selective, sensitive and real-time detection of motile zoospores. It has great potential to be further developed into a portable, remotely addressable, low-cost sensing system, offering an important tool for field pathogen real-time detection applications.
Effect of a Plant-Based Nootropic Supplement on Perceptual Decision-Making and Brain Network Interdependencies: A Randomised, Double-Blinded, and Placebo-Controlled Study
Authors: O’Reilly David , Bolam Joshua , Delis Ioannis , Utley Andrea
Published: February 2025

Background: Natural nootropic compounds are evidenced to restore brain function in clinical and older populations and are purported to enhance cognitive abilities in healthy cohorts. This study aimed to provide neurocomputational insight into the discrepancies between the remarkable self-reports and growing interest in nootropics among healthy adults and the inconclusive performance-enhancing effects found in the literature. Methods: Towards this end, we devised a randomised, double-blinded, and placebo-controlled study where participants performed a visual categorisation task prior to and following 60 days of supplementation with a plant-based nootropic, while electroencephalographic (EEG) signals were concurrently captured. Results: We found that although no improvements in choice accuracy or reaction times were observed, the application of multivariate information-theoretic measures to the EEG source space showed broadband increases in similar and complementary interdependencies across brain networks of various spatial scales. These changes not only resulted in localised increases in the redundancy among brain network interactions but also more significant and widespread increases in synergy, especially within the delta frequency band. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that natural nootropics can improve overall brain network cohesion and energetic efficiency, computationally demonstrating the beneficial effects of natural nootropics on brain health. However, these effects could not be related to enhanced rapid perceptual decision-making performance in a healthy adult sample. Future research investigating these specific compounds as cognitive enhancers in healthy populations should focus on complex cognition in deliberative tasks (e.g., creativity, learning) and over longer supplementation durations. Clinical trials registration number: NCT06689644.