bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Formation of the model of international economic relations in the context of the past development trajectory of the Ukrainian national economy
Authors:   Kamianets-Podilskyi National Ivan Ohienko University, Bodnarchuk Tetiana
Published: December 2024

In the conditions of war and post-war reconstruction, Ukraine’s further integration into the world economy and trade-economic cooperation with the EU, the USA, and other developed countries is a priority task. However, the Soviet economic heritage in the form of the extensive elements and forms of economic management continues to create obstacles to building a competitive model of foreign trade cooperation. And overcoming these obstacles is impossible without rethinking and evaluating the historical experience.
The research’s aim is to summarize the determinants and structural-institutional characteristics of the model of Ukrainian international economic relations shaped within the Soviet economic system. The theoretical basis of the research includes the concepts of dependent development and the «track effect», which allow assessing the influence of the Soviet legacy on the modern economic processes. The research methodology is based on the systemic approach, and problem-logical, comparative, institutional, and statistical analysis.
The author defines the institutional and structural characteristics of the Ukrainian model of international economic relations shaped within the Soviet economic space and outside it. These include the republic's lack of autonomy regarding foreign trade and its subordination to the state system of centralized export-import planning; absence of closed production and technological cycles within one republic and deepening of all-Union trade and economic integration; production specialization of regions according to the central interests; the dominance of trade with other socialist countries and the so-called countries of non-capitalist orientation; a high share of barter operations and compensatory cooperation aimed at strengthening the so-called socialist integration; and an active application of the policy of customs and trade protectionism in relation to countries with a market economy.
It is confirmed that the place of Ukraine's economy in the Soviet Union’s division of labor and the system of foreign economic relations was determined by the republic’s political and economic dependence on the center and its subordination to the Soviet concept of building an all-Union economic space. This largely limited Ukraine's opportunities in the formation and implementation of its own strategies of foreign economic interaction and led to an inertial pursuit in the fairway of the post-Union political entities and economic agreements after the collapse of the Soviet Union in the first decades of Ukraine's state independence.
Post-soviet mental heritage of Ukrainian peasantry
Authors:   Institute for Economics and Forecasting, NAS of Ukraine, Didkivska Lesia
Published: December 2024

The subject of this research is the economic traditions of the Ukrainian peasantry. The article aims to provide a historical and economic assessment of the transformation of Ukrainian peasant mentality, substantiating the need to overcome the long-term effects of the Soviet economic model's impact on the current trajectory of agricultural development in Ukraine and the mentality of the Ukrainian peasant. The article outlines various determinants in the development of informal economic institutions in the agricultural sector during the Soviet period, including the repressive mechanisms of state agricultural policy, the unprofessional and irresponsible management of collective farms, changes in the social structure of villages, and the destruction of horizontal social connections. The author reveals long-term socio-economic consequences of agricultural collectivization, such as the eradication of traditional individual family farms, reduced agricultural production efficiency, changes in the social role and status of peasants due to their alienation from land and production means, the elimination of national culture of responsible land use, deterioration of the environmental situation, proletarianization of the population, and the breakdown of informal moral norms, heightened social tension, and societal division, along with the establishment of authoritarianism through mass repression. To mitigate the negative impacts of Soviet agricultural policy, Ukraine’s development strategy should include fostering small family farms, expanding various forms of solidarity-based economic self-organization among Ukrainians, and restoring leadership institutions within rural communities.
Attracting foreign investment for post-war recovery: the experience of the Western Balkans
Authors:   Institute for Economics and Forecasting, NAS of Ukraine, Gorin Nazar
Published: December 2024

The article is dedicated to summarizing and comparing the experience of attracting foreign direct investment (FDI) for post-war reconstruction in the Western Balkans and its significance for Ukraine amid ongoing military aggression and the need for post-war rebuilding. It characterizes the experiences of Croatia, Serbia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Albania, Montenegro, North Macedonia, and Kosovo, which suffered destruction during the Yugoslav wars in the Balkans and used FDI as a key tool for economic recovery. The paper examines legislative, tax, institutional, and infrastructural measures aimed at attracting foreign capital, including the establishment of free economic zones, support for small and medium-sized enterprises, tax reductions, and subsidies. The importance of legal protection, political stability, and anti-corruption measures for creating a favorable investment environment is argued. Additionally, the article highlights the critical role of international organizations such as the World Bank, the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD), the European Investment Bank (EIB), and the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), which provided funding for infrastructure projects and institutional reform. Their involvement contributed to the reconstruction of key economic sectors and prepared the countries for European integration.
The Balkan experience is valuable for Ukraine, as the current challenges and reconstruction needs after the war share similar features. Ukraine can leverage the tools and approaches of the Western Balkan countries to develop its strategy for attracting FDI, including European integration processes, legal system improvements, anti-corruption reforms, and the stimulation of domestic investment.
Inovação acadêmica
Authors: Da Silva Alexandre , Cerutti Elisabete
Published: December 2024

A presente proposta de artigo surge a partir da necessidade de aprimoramento dos conhecimentos acerca dos processos de inovação nas instituições de ensino superior (IES). Tal estudo surgiu de um projeto de tese e foca o seu primeiro objetivo específico, a compreensão dos conceitos de inovação acadêmica e sua relevância para as instituições de ensino superior. Metodologicamente, elegeu-se a pesquisa bibliográfica, com o intuito de verificar o que há na comunidade científica sobre o tema. Para conceituar o termo “inovação”, recorremos a estudiosos da área correlata à educação. Já o termo “inovação acadêmica” é uma nomenclatura parcamente abordada na educação, sendo ele de grande relevância para o mundo das ciências, em virtude de estar associado às inovações didáticas em processos de IES, bem como sendo um tema um tanto inédito, visto que não aparece em muitas pesquisas em nível de mestrado e doutorado. Nesse sentido, o estudo contribui, de um modo geral, com a terminologia a partir do que já se tem produzido por pesquisadores e sites que abordam esse assunto em questão, focando o segmento de ensino superior, que tem investido em inovações, principalmente com o foco no campo metodológico. Como resultados, foram feitas análises do conceito da terminologia, contribuindo com um conceito próprio de “inovação acadêmica”, o qual será, a luz deste artigo, retratado por um conjunto de ações desenvolvidas pelas universidades, com o intuito de auxiliar os acadêmicos nos seus percursos formativos, bem como de ser um documento que tenha contribuição epistemológica para as IES.
Discovery of a new host plant of Pseudasphondylia tominagai Elsayed & Tokuda, 2019 (Diptera, Cecidomyiidae)
Authors: Elsayed Ayman Khamis , Nemoto Shuichi , Tokuda Makoto
Published: December 2024

Barely visible ﬂower bud galls of Deutzia floribunda Nakai (Hydrangeaceae) were found in Kumamoto Prefecture, Kyushu, Japan. Morphological and molecular analyses indicated that the gall inducer is Pseudasphondylia tominagai Elsayed & Tokuda, 2019 (Diptera, Cecidomyiidae), previously known only to form galls on Eleutherococcus spinosus (L.f.) S.Y.Hu (Araliaceae) in Honshu, Japan. This study marks the ﬁrst report of a species of Pseudasphondylia Monzen, 1955 on Hydrangeaceae, having host plants from different families and establishing D. floribunda as a new host record for P. tominagai.
The results of using thoracoplasty in adolescent idiopathic thoracic scoliosis
Authors:   Dnipropetrovsk Specialized Clinical Medical Center of Mother and Child named after Professor M.F. Rudnev of Dnipro Regional Council, Ukraine, Mezentsev A.O. , Petrenko D.E. ,   Dnipropetrovsk Specialized Clinical Medical Center of Mother and Child named after Professor M.F. Rudnev of Dnipro Regional Council, Ukraine, Demchenko D.O. ,   Dnipropetrovsk Specialized Clinical Medical Center of Mother and Child named after Professor M.F. Rudnev of Dnipro Regional Council, Ukraine
Published: December 2024

Due to the high efficiency of modern methods of spinal deformity correction and the likelihood of intra- and postoperative complications after thoracoplasty, the frequency of its use has decreased significantly.
Aim - to estimate the results of thoracoplasty after surgical deformity correction in adolescent idiopatic scoliosis.
Materials and methods. A retrospective analysis of the results of 560 patients whit adolescent idiopatic scoliosis, who were operated since 2010 to 2019. Mean age was 14.7 years old. Patients were divided into 5 groups: posterior correction with derotation techniques without using of thoracoplasty (group 1) - 336 patients, posterior correction with derotation techniques with using of thoracoplasty (group 2) - 126 patients, posterior correction with cantilever maneuver with using of thoracoplasty (group 3) - 42 patients, anterior spinal mobilization & posterior correction with derotation techniques with using of thoracoplasty (group 4) - 35 patients, anterior spinal mobilization & posterior correction with cantilever maneuver with using of thoracoplasty (group 5) - 21 patients.
Results. The correction of the main curve after surgical treatment was 50-75%, and the secondary curve correction was 50-80%. The rib hump height after surgical treatment decreases in all groups, especially in patients underwent anterior mobilization as a first stage. Also, apical rib hump prominence index increases in all groups of patients. The results of pulmonary function test after surgical treatment were almost the same or little bite change between 10%. The level of self-assessment by SRS-30 scale increase from 34% to 90%.
Conclusions. Using of thoracoplasty lead to improvement of cosmetic results due to restoration anatomical form of the chest and postoperative results of pulmonary function test after 1 year follow-up were the same as before operation.
The study was conducted in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. The study protocol was approved by the Local Ethics Committee of all the institutions mentioned in the study. Informed consent was obtained from the patients.
No conflict of interests was declared by the authors.
Digital-Based Character Education Innovation for Shaping a Well-Characterized Indonesian Generation
Authors: Setiono Joko , Kurniasih Nia
Published: December 2024

The use of information technology as a learning medium reflects the process of modernization in education in Indonesia, aligning with the demands of the times and global developments. However, behind these benefits, there are risks that need to be addressed, such as the potential increase in demoralization among students. This concern is significant for educators, parents, and society as a whole. This article aims to analyze the strengthening of character education based on information technology as a significant innovation in the formation of a better national character. This study employs a qualitative approach with an in-depth literature review, analyzing research related to the utilization of information technology for character development among students. The findings indicate that the modernization of education through information technology can create more equitable and inclusive access to education, open new perspectives for educators and learners, and enhance the overall quality and meaning of education. Additionally, information technology accelerates the exchange of information, making it an effective means for strengthening student character. Information technology products provide a broad and engaging learning space, enabling students to share experiences, exchange information, and interact with experts. This supports the development of personal potential and character strengthening, allowing students to become more responsible and integral individuals.

Penggunaan teknologi informasi sebagai media pembelajaran mencerminkan proses modernisasi pendidikan di Indonesia, yang sejalan dengan perkembangan zaman dan tuntutan global. Namun, di balik manfaat tersebut, terdapat risiko yang perlu diperhatikan, yaitu potensi peningkatan demoralisasi di kalangan pelajar. Hal ini menjadi perhatian penting bagi pendidik, orang tua, dan masyarakat. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis penguatan pendidikan karakter berbasis teknologi informasi sebagai sebuah inovasi yang signifikan dalam pembentukan karakter bangsa yang lebih baik. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode studi pustaka yang mendalam, menganalisis kajian terkait pemanfaatan teknologi informasi dalam penguatan karakter peserta didik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa modernisasi pendidikan melalui teknologi informasi dapat menciptakan akses pendidikan yang lebih adil dan inklusif, membuka perspektif baru bagi pendidik dan peserta didik, serta meningkatkan kualitas dan makna pendidikan secara keseluruhan. Selain itu, teknologi informasi mempercepat pertukaran informasi, menjadikannya sarana yang efektif untuk penguatan karakter peserta didik. Produk teknologi informasi memberikan ruang belajar yang luas dan menarik, memungkinkan peserta didik untuk saling berbagi pengalaman, bertukar informasi, dan berinteraksi dengan para ahli. Hal ini mendukung pengembangan potensi diri dan penguatan karakter, sehingga peserta didik dapat menjadi individu yang lebih bertanggung jawab dan berintegritas.
Optimizing Islamic Education Learning Outcomes through the Two Stay Two Stray Method with Question Board
Authors: Nasrullah Yufi Mohammad , Ainissyifa Hilda , Asfiya Syifa Nuril , Fatonah Nurul , Nazib Fiqra Muhamad , Shahril Mohd Izwan
Published: December 2024

This research aims to measure the effectiveness of this learning method in increasing students' understanding of the subject matter and gaining insight into students' perceptions of the learning experience. In this research, the TSTS methods are used as learning approaches that focus on active involvement, collaboration and critical thinking of students. Question board media is used to support the visualization of abstract concepts in Islamic Religious Education. Data was collected through comprehension tests, observation, pretest and posttest. The research results show that the TSTS learning methods using question boards have a positive impact on students' understanding. The test scores show that there is a significant effect before and after implementing this method. Where the result obtained is that tcount > ttable (4.30 > 2.06) so that H0 is rejected and Ha is accepted. So it can be concluded that there is a significant difference in the learning outcomes of Islamic Religious Education between the Pretest and Posttest for class XII social science 1 students at Asshiddiqiyah High School.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengukur efektivitas metode pembelajaran ini dalam meningkatkan pemahaman siswa terhadap materi pelajaran dan memperoleh wawasan persepsi siswa terhadap pengalaman belajar. Dalam penelitian ini, metode TSTS digunakan sebagai pendekatan pembelajaran yang menitikberatkan pada keterlibatan aktif, kolaborasi dan berpikir kritis siswa. Media papan soal digunakan untuk menunjang visualisasi konsep-konsep abstrak dalam Pendidikan Agama Islam. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui tes pemahaman, observasi, pretest dan posttest. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa metode pembelajaran TSTS menggunakan papan soal memberikan dampak positif terhadap pemahaman siswa. Nilai tes menunjukkan terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan sebelum dan sesudah penerapan metode ini. Dimana hasil yang diperoleh adalah thitung > ttabel (4,30 > 2,06) sehingga H0 ditolak dan Ha diterima. Jadi dapat disimpulkan terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan hasil belajar Pendidikan Agama Islam antara Pretest dan Posttest siswa kelas XII IPS 1 di SMA Asshiddiqiyah.
Peran Guru Dalam Mengembangkan Kurikulum Pendidikan Agama Islam Di Sekolah
Authors: Komariah Ria , Erihadiana Mohammad , Rahman Asep Andi
Published: December 2024

Penelitian ini berfokus pada peran guru dalam mengembangkan kurikulum Pendidikan Agama Islam di Sekolah. Peran guru tidak hanya sebagai pengajar, tetapi juga sebagai pengembang kurikulum. Guru memiliki peran penting dalam merancang, mengimplementasikan, dan mengevaluasi kurikulum. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk menganalisis peran guru dalam proses pengembangan kurikulum PAI di Sekolah. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan jenis penelitian library research. Hasil penelitian ini yaitu peran guru sangatlah besar karena keberhasilan pengajaran ditentukan oleh guru. Guru berperan dalam mengembangkan kurikulum yang dikelola secara sentralisasi, desentralisasi, dan sentral-desentral. Peran guru mencakup implementer, adapter, developer, dan researcher. Guru melaksanakan peran ini melalui kegiatan seperti merumuskan tujuan pendidikan secara konkret sesuai dengan tujuan kurikulum, karakteristik siswa, bahan ajar, dan kebutuhan sekolah; merancang pembelajaran yang efektif; melaksanakan rencana pembelajaran yang konkret; mengevaluasi hasil belajar dan proses pembelajaran; serta mengevaluasi interaksi antar komponen kurikulum yang dilaksanakan. Berkenaan dengan penelitian ini, semoga menjadi bahan studi, literatur dan khazanah pendidikan Islam yang dapat diimplementasikan oleh guru-guru. Penelitian ini juga dapat berimplikasi terhadap peneliti lain yang hendak melakukan penelitian dengan topik yang serupa untuk lebih dielaborasi dan dikembangkan kembali.
Analisis Kualitas Soal Essay pada Buku Mata Pelajaran Sejarah Kebudayaan Islam Kelas XI MA
Authors: Syarifah Elis , Nugraha Mulyawan Safwandy , Nursobah Asep
Published: December 2024

Beberapa problematika yang terjadi dalam pembelajaran abad 21 ini adalah kurangnya mutu pendidikan yang dilihat dari bahan ajar yang tidak sepenuhnya dapat memfasilitasi peserta didik sesuai dengan prinsip pembelajaran HOTS, hal tersebut dilihat dari kualitas soal evaluasi yang tidak semuanya HOTS. Tujuan Penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis kualitas soal essay pada buku mata pelajaran Sejarah Kebudayaan Islam kelas XI Madrasah Aliyah (MA) yang diterbitkan oleh Kementrian Agama Republik Indonesia tahun 2020. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode studi kepustakaan. Teknik analisi data yang digunakan adalah model Miles & Huberman. Hasil Penelitian menunjukan bahwa kualitas Soal Essay pada buku Sejarah Kebudayaan Islam kelas XI ini terdiri dari 82% Soal LOTS dan 18% soal HOTS. Dari beberapa ranah kognitif yang paling banyak muncul adalah kategori L1/C2 (pemahaman) dengan jumlah 40 soal/ 53%. Ini bukan soal HOTS karena hanya membutuhkan kemampuan mengingat dan menjelaskan ide/konsep. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa buku Sejarah Kebudayaan Islam kelas XI ini tidak memenuhi standar soal HOTS yang dituntut oleh pembelajaran abad 21. Secara teoritis implikasi penelitian ini dapat bermanfaat bagi para pembaca untuk menambah wawasan dan pengetahuan yang luas terkait kualitas soal HOTS dalam pembelajaran abad 21.
Improving Academic Achievement on Congregational Prayer Through Demonstration Method in Junior High Students
Authors: Hermawan Asep Farid , Sobandi Oban
Published: December 2024

This study aims to improve student learning outcomes in Fiqh subjects through the application of the demonstration method, namely by demonstrating the process or situation being studied so that students get a more meaningful learning experience. This study uses a Classroom Action Research (PTK) approach with the subject of 37 students in grade VII B MTs Ibadurrohman, Rancaekek District, Bandung Regency and is carried out in two cycles that include the stages of planning, implementation, observation, and reflection. The hypothesis proposed is that the demonstration method can effectively improve student learning achievement, with a target of at least 70% of students achieving a score above KKM 70. However, this study found several obstacles, such as the limitations of teachers' skills in using the method, differences in students' academic abilities, and time constraints that are influenced by a large number of students. Through observation and data analysis, this research is expected to contribute to improving the quality of Fiqh learning and offer practical recommendations to overcome existing challenges.
Applying Discussion Method to Improve Qur'anic Studies Learning Outcomes for Junior High School Students
Authors: Asep Ramdan  , Nursobah Asep
Published: December 2024

This study aims to describe the application of the discussion method in improving learning outcomes in the subject of Al-Qur'an Hadith (Qurdis) in grade VIII Odd Semester MTs Darul Mumtazin, Ciparay District, Bandung Regency, Academic Year 2021/2022. The formulation of this research problem is how the application of the discussion method can improve student learning outcomes. This research uses an action research method consisting of two cycles, where each cycle includes the stages of design, implementation and observation, reflection, and revision. The subject of the study was grade VIII students in the Odd Semester. Data collection is carried out through written tests and practice tests. The results of the study show that the discussion method is effective in improving student learning outcomes. In Cycle I, 76.9% of students (10 out of 13 students) achieved completeness, while in Cycle II it increased to 92% of students (12 out of 13 students). With an increase of 15.1% from Cycle I to Cycle II, it was concluded that the discussion method succeeded in improving learning outcomes and achieving completeness in Cycle II.
Applying True or False Method to Improve Learning on Faith in Elementary Students
Authors: Saputra Hijrah , Fikri Miftahul
Published: December 2024

The success of learning is greatly influenced by a teacher's ability to design effective teaching strategies. Low student enthusiasm has a negative impact on learning outcomes, highlighting the need for improvement. One proposed approach is the True or False learning model, which can enhance student engagement. This study aims to improve students' learning outcomes on the topic of faith in qadha and qadar in class VI at MIN 2 Aceh Timur through the application of this model. The method used is action research with two cycles, each consisting of four stages: planning, action and observation, reflection, and revision. The target of the research is class VI students, with data collected from formative tests and observation sheets. The analysis results indicate a significant improvement in student learning outcomes. The mastery level in cycle I reached 74.10%, increasing to 85.19% in cycle II. The average student score also rose from 75 in cycle I to 82.8 in cycle II. Additionally, student activity increased from 66.67% in cycle I to 96.3% in cycle II. Therefore, the True or False model is effective in enhancing students' learning outcomes and engagement in Akidah Akhlak lessons.
Ultizing Team Games Tournament Method to Enchance Learning Outcomes on Islamic Studies at Elementary School
Authors: Widiyanti Endang , Rahman Asep Andi
Published: December 2024

This study aims to improve student learning outcomes in Islamic Religious Education (PAI) subjects on Fathu Makkah material in class V of SDN 064 Padasuka using the Team Games Tournament (TGT) method. The TGT method, as a cooperative learning model, involves student collaboration through group games and tournaments to increase active participation and student understanding of the material. This study uses a Classroom Action Research (CAR) design consisting of two cycles, each with stages of planning, implementation, observation, and reflection. The research subjects were 30 students. Data collection was carried out through learning outcome tests, observation sheets, and documentation. The results of the study showed a significant increase in student learning outcomes, with learning completeness reaching 70% in cycle I and increasing to 85% in cycle II. In addition, the TGT method also increases student involvement and motivation in learning. Thus, this method is effective in improving learning outcomes in PAI learning.
Mark Jennings, Happy: LGBTQ+ Experiences of Australian Pentecostal- Charismatic Christianity
Authors: Abraham Ibrahim
Published: December 2024

Mark Jennings, Happy: LGBTQ+ Experiences of Australian Pentecostal- Charismatic Christianity. Cham: Palgrave Macmillan, 2023, pp. xv + 293, €149.99, ISBN 9783031201431 (hbk).
ASPERGILLOSIS IN ARTIFICIALLY BREEDING BLACK SWANS (CYGNUS ATRATUS) IN DPR KOREA AND IDENTIFICATION OF CAUSE FUNGUS
Authors: Jo Jong Hyok , Kim Mun Gwang , Cha Kwang Song , Yun Kum Song , Kim Yu Sin
Published: December 2024

Black swans (Cygnus atratus (Latham) 1790), which was native in Australia, were distributed all over the world and artificially reared. Aspergillosis is non-contagious fungal disease infected in some poultries and wild birds and the important agent are some of Aspergillus species.
Infection by Aspergillus species results in respiratory disease in poultry and wild birds. The disease is generally caused by Aspergillus fumigatus and Aspergillus flavus. This study was proceeded to document the clinical signs and lesions of Aspergillosis in artificially breeding black swan in DPR Korea, isolate and identify the causative fungi from lesions. Black swans at Swan Breeding Center in Taedong County, South Pyongan Province, DPR Korea were investigated. The infected swans died suddenly after two or three days when they lost appetite and had symptoms of dyspnea, sudden retraction or deformity of their neck and abnormal walking. The infected black swans had white fecal diarrhea. The fungal hyphae were also observed in the eyes.
Here, we confirmed the clinical cases of Aspergillosis in artificially breeding black swans in DPR Korea and A. flavus was isolated in Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) and identified morphologically from fungi cultivated in Malt Extract Agar (MEA), Czapek Yeast Extract Agar (CYA) and Czapek Dox Agar (CZ). The morphological characteristics like colony colors were similar with the findings of who isolated Aspergillus flavus from maize and soil in Kenya. The microscopic characteristics of fungus isolated from aspergillosis lesions in Black swans were investigated. The morphologically identified fungus was confirmed as A. flavus by sequencing of PCR product of 600bp fragment with primers ITS1/ITS4 and Blast analysis.
CHANGES IN NUMBER, MORPHOLOGY AND VOLUME OF PLATELETS DURING NEONATAL SEPSIS
Authors: Boskabadi Hassan , Nayeri Mehran , Badiee Zahra , Bagheri Fatemeh , Samin Amirkhani , Zakerihamidi Maryam
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Introduction: Thrombocytopenia is considered as one of the signs of sepsis but, Changes in number, morphology and volume of platelets is not widely researched upon in this matter. Therefore, the current study is aiming to analyze the changes in number, morphology and volume of platelets during neonatal sepsis.
Method: This cross-sectional study has been carried out on 807 premature neonates suspected to have infection in Ghaem hospital Mashhad from 2015-2023 by using available sampling method. The data collection tool, researcher- made checklist included laboratory evaluations by which platelet indicators {Platelet count, Platelet distribution width (PDW) and mean platelet volume (MPV)} were measured and compared before, during infection and after recovery. Afterwards, platelet characteristics in septic neonates (Case group) were compared to neonates without definite signs of infection (Control group).
Results: Two hundred ninety-five neonates (35.5%) had definitive sepsis. In the case group the number of platelets was less and the amount of MPV and PDW were higher than control group. The number of platelets decreases during infection, but this numbers increase after recovery. PDW increases during infection and after recovery. Fifty four percent of infected neonates had thrombocytopenia.Thrombocytopenia in 78% of neonates with sepsis caused by klebsiella pneumoniae and in 58% of the cases caused Enterobacter aerogenes was seen. The optimal cutoff value of platelet to differentiate case from those of control group was lower than 100000/mcL, with a sensitivity of 73%, specificity 12.2% (AUC=0.427), MPV more than 9.8(Fl), with a sensitivity of 80%, specificity 47% (AUC=0.618), PDW more than 11.2(Fl), with a sensitivity of 90%, specificity 28.4% (AUC=0.763).
Conclusion:During infection the number of platelets decreases, but MPV and PDW increase. Thrombocytopenia was seen more in Gram-negative bacteria rather than Gram-positive. During infection the number of platelets decreases but after recovery the number of platelets, MPV and PDW increases. Platelet indices have good sensitivity but low specificity in diagnosing definitive infection.
EPIDEMIOLOGICAL TRENDS IN ALGERIAN WILAYAS DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC
Authors: HARFOUCHE Zineb , AMIMOUR Amine
Published: December 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic has had a profound impact on global public health, leading to significant epidemiological variations across regions. This study offers a comprehensive analysis of epidemiological trends in Algeria's wilayas, utilizing a robust methodology and real pandemic data. By examining key indicators such as new confirmed cases, total cases, deaths, and incidence rates, our research provides insights into the virus's spread and implications in various wilayas. The results reveal disparities in the epidemiological landscape, guiding public health strategies. Understanding underlying factors, including population density, social distancing, healthcare access, and local variables, is essential in grasping the pandemic's dynamics within each wilaya. Our study is an invaluable resource for public health officials and researchers, offering a detailed understanding of Algeria-specific epidemiological trends. These insights aid in guiding pandemic responses and implementing targeted interventions. In conclusion, our research enhances the understanding of COVID-19's impact in Algeria. It sheds light on epidemiological variations and provides essential information for an effective pandemic response. The study's rigorous methodology, using real pandemic data, emphasizes evidence-based decision-making to address COVID-19 challenges. It contributes to pandemic knowledge and serves as a blueprint for future epidemiological analyses in global health crises.
Public health officials can use these findings to tailor responses to unique wilaya conditions, recognizing the need for localized strategies. This research underscores the interconnectedness of factors contributing to epidemiological variations, providing knowledge for ongoing COVID-19 responses and preparedness for future pandemics.
In summary, our study significantly advances the understanding of COVID-19's impact on Algeria's wilayas. It offers crucial insights for public health strategies, policy decisions, and mitigating the pandemic's effects in the region. This research equips stakeholders with essential information for an effective and localized response.
2019 measles morbidity assessment in adult population of the Astrakhan region. A retrospective analysis
Authors: Arakelyan Rudolf S. , Karpenko S. F. , Rasevich Yu. I. , Ismailov P. E.
Published: December 2024

Introduction. Epidemiological studies point at a serious epidemic situation related to measles confirmed by 3251 cases recorded in 64 regions of Russia within the first six months of 2019. The aim of the study was to conduct a retrospective multicenter analysis of 2019 measles morbidity in adult population of the Astrakhan region. Materials and methods. In 2019, 232 episodes of measles infection were recorded in the Astrakhan region. Of this, the adult population accounted for 27.6% or 64 episodes. The prevailing number of measles infections among adults was recorded in urban medical institutions — 67.2% or 43 episodes. Results and discussion. The top percentage of measles detection was observed in the Volga regions of the Astrakhan region — 28.7%. Narimanovsky district also had a high rate of 33.4%. The most unfavorable epidemiological morbidity was developed in the Sovetsky district of city of Astrakhan, with incidence rate reaching 58.0% or 25 of measles episodes. 92.2% of measles cases were recorded in the organized population, which is 59 episodes. Episodes of measles infection with 25.0% cases all complicated with pneumonia or 16 episodes were recorded in the Astrakhan region. It should be noted that the hot spots of measles infection in adult population are also found in various regions of our country. According to a thorough analysis on measles incidence in the Republic of North Ossetia-Alania within the period from 2018 to 2019, a sharp outbreak in morbidity level was observed over the past year. This phenomenon can be explained by the low population vaccination and revaccination level. Conclusion. In 2019, an outbreak of measles infection was recorded in adult population in the Astrakhan region coupled to 64 cases of the disease. In particular, most susceptible to measles were associated with urban environment and the organized population. At the same time, it was noted that in 25.0% of cases, or 16 episodes, measles infection led to complications such as pneumonia. Vaccination remains the essential means of preventing measles infection.
Progress in forming thin-film solid electrolytes based on Li7La3Zr2O12 by tape casting
Authors:   Institute of High Temperature Electrochemistry of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Lyalin Efim D. , Il’ina Evgeniya A. ,   Institute of High Temperature Electrochemistry of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: December 2024

All-solid-state batteries are in great demand worldwide. Particular attention is paid to the development of materials and the design of these batteries. Solid electrolytes have lower total conductivity compared to liquid electrolytes, so it is assumed that the transition to thin-film electrolytes can significantly reduce the internal resistance of the cell. Solid electrolytes of the garnet family based on Li7La3Zr2O12 (LLZ) are considered as promising ceramic membranes for such power sources. In the presented review, different methods for film formation of LLZ and their features are discussed. The tape casting method is considered in more detail as a promising approach for the formation of thin films of LLZ. The slurry components and heat treatment conditions for the formation of solid electrolyte films with thicknesses ranging from 10 to 500 µm and high values of conductivity (10–3–10–4 S · cm–1 at room temperature) are analyzed. Thus, the tape casting method can be used to obtain films with lithium-ion conductivity and relative density values comparable to those of bulk ceramic samples. However, the problem of organizing the electrode | solid electrolyte interface and the design of all-solid-state batteries remains very relevant for their development.
Impact of Tax Revenue and Government Expenditure on Public Debt in Eastern Europe
Authors:   University of Eldoret, Eldoret, Kenya, Mose Naftaly , Fumey Michael ,   Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, China, Tanchev Stoyan ,   South-West University “Neofit Rilski”, Blagoevgrad, Bulgaria
Published: December 2024

This paper scrutinizes whether government borrowing in Eastern Europe is grounded on the need to provide infrastructure and public amenities as provided in the budget or is triggered by government deficit budgeting. European Union countries have experienced accelerated growth in public debt in the last half a century despite growing tax revenue and cuts in public spending. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the direct and indirect links among public debt, tax revenue and government expenditure in four Eastern European member states from 1998 to 2022 using secondary statistics collected from the World Bank and Eurostat. The paper utilizes a fully modified ordinary least squares (FMOLs) approach and Dumitrescu-Hurlin causation tests to examine the long-run relationship between the factors. For the robustness check, the Levin-Lin-Chu (LLC) unit root test was used to specify the stationarity of each series. In addition, Kao cointegration estimation was used as a robust long-run estimator. The results indicate that directly, a reduction in tax revenue and an increase in government spending increase public debt in the long run. Indirectly, simultaneous tax revenue increase and government spending increase will lead to budget deficit cuts, which will in turn reduce public borrowing. The finding confirms that the adverse impact of public spending on government debt holds only for countries with less tax revenue collection. The study recommends that government and policymakers develop strategies and policies for long-term debt management geared at reducing public debt to match the gap between tax revenue and government expenditure thereby cutting endless public borrowing and anticipated budget deficit.
Percepciones de los servicios de salud por personas con anorexia y bulimia nerviosa en la ciudad de Bogotá 2024
Authors: Robles Sofia , Castellanos Roncancio Camila Andrea , Mojica Luis Eduardo , Lopez Maria Alejandra , González Ballesteros Lina Maria , Amado Daniela , Mosquera Sara , Vallejo Isabella
Published: December 2024

Objetivo: Este estudio exploró las percepciones de los servicios de salud en personas con trastornos de la conducta alimentaria en Bogotá, 2023, para identificar barreras y experiencias clave en la atención. Métodos: Se utilizó un enfoque cualitativo interpretativista y constructivista, aplicando un muestreo teórico con estrategia de máxima variabilidad. La muestra se obtuvo mediante "bola de nieve", realizando dos grupos focales y dos entrevistas a profundidad con pacientes y familiares. Los datos se analizaron con codificación temática hasta la saturación. Resultados: Se identificaron 4 categorías de análisis basadas en diagnóstico, percepciones, tipo de servicio y pago. Predominaron percepciones negativas por el estigma del diagnóstico y la falta de empatía del personal. Las pacientes sintieron que sus preferencias alimentarias fueron malinterpretadas como síntomas, lo que generó incomprensión. Las barreras económicas limitaron el acceso, forzando a recurrir a servicios privados percibidos como de mayor calidad, pero costosos. También se mencionaron demoras en la atención multidisciplinaria. Discusión: Hubo tres categorías emergentes: expectativas, modificadores de la enfermedad y el impacto de los medios digitales, que actúan como "tercero" en la relación médico-paciente, ofreciendo información y desinformación, influyendo en el autodiagnóstico. Conclusión: Mejorar la empatía del personal y eliminar barreras administrativas es clave para mejorar la adherencia al tratamiento.
Impacto de la ultrasonografía en la cirugía de resección de lengua: una revisión sistematica
Authors: Aguilar Juan , Ortiz Dibarrart Milena , Hidalgo Rivas Alejandro , Haristoy Llano Alfredo
Published: December 2024

El carcinoma de células escamosas de lengua (SCLC) es el tumor intraoral maligno más común, tratado mediante cirugía de resección para eliminar el tumor y un margen de tejido sano. La técnica convencional de resección de la lengua (TRLC) puede presentar alta morbilidad y márgenes circundantes o positivos, lo que aumenta el riesgo de recurrencia. La ecografía (EE.UU.) permite una evaluación precisa en tiempo real, con potencial para conseguir mayores márgenes negativos.
Aunque una revisión sistemática reciente de las técnicas de guía por imágenes destacó que la resección guiada por ultrasonido (TRGUS) tiene la tasa más alta de márgenes negativos, esta técnica no se compara con la TRLC. El objetivo de esta revisión fue evaluar el uso y la efectividad de la ecografía y su impacto en la precisión de los márgenes quirúrgicos en la cirugía de resección del cáncer de lengua.
Se siguió la declaración PRISMA 2021, realizando búsquedas en PubMed, Scopus y Web of Science con la estrategia: “Ultrasonography” AND “Tongue Neoplasms” AND “Margins of Escision”, incluyendo estudios en humanos de los últimos años en revistas de alto impacto.
Los resultados muestran que el TRGUS puede obtener márgenes negativos con mayor precisión que el TRLC, incluso sin diferencias estadísticamente significativas, lo que sugiere que el TRGUS podría reducir secciones adicionales y preservar mejor el tejido sano.
En conclusión, la ecografía mejora la precisión de los márgenes quirúrgicos en la resección del cáncer de lengua, incluso sin resultados estadísticamente significativos respecto a la técnica convencional.
Evaluación Crítica del Uso de Fármacos Inductores del Sueño: Balance entre Eficacia Terapéutica y Efectos Adversos
Authors: Franco Héctor Adrián , González de Lamas Alma Graciela , Meza Gustavo Armando , Valdés Nathalia , Chaux Alcides
Published: December 2024

Este estudio tiene como objetivo analizar exhaustivamente la evidencia actual sobre los beneficios y riesgos del uso de fármacos inductores del sueño, como benzodiacepinas y no benzodiacepinas, en el tratamiento del insomnio. La revisión se llevó a cabo aplicando el método de Ganong, que incluye la selección de la pregunta de investigación, el establecimiento de criterios de inclusión y exclusión, y el análisis crítico de los estudios seleccionados. Se utilizó la estructura PICO para formular la pregunta de investigación, y la búsqueda se realizó en bases de datos como PubMed, SciELO y BVS, abarcando estudios publicados entre 2005 y 2024 en inglés, español y portugués. Los principales hallazgos muestran que el uso prolongado de estos medicamentos está asociado a riesgos significativos, como la dependencia y efectos adversos neuropsiquiátricos. En contraste, la terapia cognitivo-conductual se destaca como una alternativa más segura y efectiva a largo plazo para el manejo del insomnio. Estos resultados subrayan la importancia de reevaluar las prácticas clínicas actuales y de promover enfoques no farmacológicos para el tratamiento de este trastorno, con implicaciones clave para la salud pública.
Calculation of heat consumption for dissociation gas combustion products
Authors: Dzyuzer V. Ya. , Shishkin A. S. , Shishkin S. F.
Published: December 2024

The influence of temperature and partial pressure on the dissociation of carbon dioxide and water vapor is considered. An original analytical method for determining the degree of dissociation of CO2 and H2O is proposed. The calculation of dissociation parameters was carried out in relation to the conditions of gas combustion in a glass furnace. It has been established that the temperature range of 1500‒1800 oC, corresponding to the operating conditions of glass melting furnaces, is characterized by a relatively low degree of dissociation of CO2 and H2O: 4.23 and 1,26 %, respectively. As a consequence, the relative heat costs for dissociation are insignificant and do not exceed 2,48 %. The degree of dissociation and heat consumption for the endothermic effect increase most intensively at the temperature of the gas combustion products above 1800 °C.
Extendiendo la Genealogía de la Semántica de Thomas Kuhn. Una Mirada a las Conferencias Lowell y la Estructura de las Revoluciones Científicas
Authors:   SEK-Ciudalcampo, Atencia-Conde-Pumpido Paula-Luz
Published: December 2024

En su artículo “Towards a Genealogy of Thomas Kuhn’s Semantics” (2023), Pablo Melogno aborda, junto a Leandro Giri, la tarea de reconstruir el camino recorrido por Thomas Kuhn en el desarrollo de una semántica capaz de dar cuenta del cambio científico. En particular, los autores examinan las conexiones existentes entre las Conferencias Lowell de 1951 y las Conferencias Notre Dame de 1980, afirmando que ambas responden a un mismo programa de inquietudes semánticas que permite realizar una lectura continuista del pensamiento kuhniano en lo referente a cuestiones de tipo semántico. El presente artículo pretende extender este análisis a La Estructura de las Revoluciones Científicas (1962), resaltando los paralelismos que pueden establecerse entre esta obra y las Conferencias Lowell en lo que respecta a determinados aspectos lingüísticos que forman parte del cambio científico, mediante el análisis de las partes concernientes a esta temática presentes en ambos escritos.
Congregational pastoral care through the lens of the Belhar Confession
Authors: Mouton Dawid P
Published: December 2024

The Confession of Belhar, adopted in 1986 in response to the brutal and traumatic impacts of apartheid and the ensuing faith crisis of the church, demonstrates a deep sense of care for the other. It calls believers to stand with and act on behalf of those in need. Its call to stand with and as God with the downtrodden and marginalized is a call for collective and collaborative care in service of God and His creation. Through its development and content, the confession’s theology offers a potential framework for a community-oriented congregational pastoral care ministry. In this article, the author explores the development process and the content of the Confession of Belhar and argues that, as a statement of faith, the confession guides in terms of both the essence and process of a congregational pastoral care ministry.