bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Entrepreneurial Intention of a Senegalese Entrepreneur in a Brotherhood Context: Towards The Emergence of New "Atypical" Entrepreneurs
Authors: Hammouchi Mohammed Said
Published: April 2018

The purpose of this article is to understand the starting point of the intention of religious entrepreneurs, that we call "Atypical", for the simple reason that their entrepreneurial intentions include not only the economic aspect but there is also evidence of some foundation walls spiritual view of the context in which operate these entrepreneurs: the Tijanie brotherhood. These religious entrepreneurs create travel agencies specializing in the phenomenon of the "Zyara”1. To do this, we will focus initially on generalities about highlighted Islam in Africa, and then we will introduce our paper on the emergence of the Tijaniyya brotherhood. In a second step, we will emphasize the economic dimension of the Tijaniyya, which includes both the phenomenon of the «Zyara», and trade which can arise; but also the emergence of atypical entrepreneurs in their entrepreneurial intentions through creative type travel "Zyara”. Our epistemological positioning is interpretative; that is, we go from the field to interpret the intentions of these entrepreneurs, given the absence of literature dealing with entrepreneurship in a religious context. This means that our mode of reasoning is inductive; what brought us to do indepth interviews with this type of entrepreneurs in Senegal. This article presents concrete results concerning the entrepreneurial intentions of the religious entrepreneurs object of our present study. These intentions are religious orders, in the context of these entrepreneurs; on a categorized these intentions under five major axes; « Love and Propaganda of the Brotherhood ; Join the useful to the pleasant ; Respect and love of members of the brotherhood ; Self-achievement ; Tribal or family affiliation ».
Influence of Transformational Leadership on Novelty of Product Ideas: Validation of Theoretical Model
Authors: Ahmetasevic Jasminka , Obralic Merdzana
Published: April 2018

This study investigates the relationship between transformational leadership and novelty of product ideas. Conceptual approach based on the theory has been applied to provide better understanding of the relationship between transformational leadership and two knowledge creation modes (internalization, externalization). Mediating roles of internalization and externalization in a relationship between transformational leadership and novelty of product ideas will be investigated. After conducting a systematic literature review, theoretical model will be proposed and validated using regression analysis. Main software packages used in this study are Microsoft Word and Statistical Package for Social Sciences. This is one of the first studies to explore the link between transformational leadership and novelty of product ideas. It, however, has two important knowledge creation modes, internalization and externalization as mediators. The main finding of this paper is the validation of theoretical model which mostly confirmed assumptions based on previous literature. Regression tests indicated confirmation of five hypotheses, while mediation tests indicated partial mediation of Internalization and Externalization. It is recommended that future research should conduct validation of the model using other methodologies and different samples, or same samples in different time periods, to provide stronger empirical evidence for the confirmation of tested hypotheses.
Analyse Économique Du Secteur Industriel Au Maroc
Authors: Sanae El Ouahabi , Ahmed Bousselhami
Published: April 2018

In this study, we will focus on the different dimensions of performance, and make a descriptive analysis of the industrial sector’s position in the national economy. We will also assess the clout and the performance of each industrial branch, through the measurement of the following indicators: the added value, the employment, the number of companies, the investment, the foreign trade, the comparative advantage and the degree of export commitment. This research shows that the industry contributes the most to GDP with an average of about 19% during the 1985-2016 period, followed by agriculture with (15%), trade with (12%), construction industry and public works with (5%). By industry, statistics show the predominance of the agri-food, textile, leather, mechanical, metal and electrical industries in overall industrial production over the period 1985-2016, while in terms of exports, the mechanical, metallic, electrical", and "textile and leather" branches are at the top of the list with a share of 27% for each. Over the period of 1985-2014, the chemical and parachemical industry ranks first in terms of investments in the industrial sector with a 33% share, and thus promises significant growth prospects. In terms of regions, figures show the predominance of the Grand Casablanca region, which accounts for 41% of companies created, 61% of national industrial production, 56% of industrial exports, and 50% of the total workforce employed during the 1985-2014 period. All this is happening with a remarkable rise of the Tangier-Tetouan region in recent years.
Banking Law Amendment as a Tool of Social Engineering
Authors: Christiani Theresia Anita
Published: April 2018

An amendment to law is a step in an effort to enable law for always following society development to meet the purpose of law. On the other hand, it is essential to study further whether existed draft of bank law already makes the law as a means of development. Problem formulations of this research are: first, what are the juridical factors causing banking law need to be amended immediately? and second, has the plan of banking law amendment design manifested the law as a tool of social engineering? This normative law research uses qualitative data analysis as the analysis technique. As the result, this research shows that : first, juridical factors causing Banking Law needs to be amended immediately are the importance of sharpening bank function both in micro and in macro in this case through the implementation of monetary policy and financial system stability and the importance of protection national interests through restriction of share ownership and synchronization of legislative regulations between Financial Services Authority Law and Banking Law about Financial Services authority in conducting management and supervision and second, plan of amendment on banking law always tries hard to adapt to the speed of economic development embodying law as a tool of social engineering .
Proposal of a Measurement Scale of Decision Quality in Infrastructure Projects in Oil and Gas Exploitation
Authors: Leyva Gerardo Palacios , Garcia Juan Carlos Perez
Published: April 2018

The objective in this paper is to present a proposal of a scale to measure the decision quality in infrastructure projects in the exploitation of oil and gas, as well as its foundations. One of the most important distinctions of Decision Analysis is the differentiation between a good decision and a good outcome, which is the approach of the scale, which occurs when decision making faces uncertainty. Therefore, a good decision does not always produce a good outcome. From this distinction, a progressive scale was designed, using an adjustment of the pairwise comparisons based on the Saaty scale achieving a quantitative hierarchy, which shows whether the decision guarantees quality, does not guarantee quality or is not acceptable. For its application, other existing decision processes used in the petroleum industry were located, from their common components a standardized decision analysis process was created, the common components are appropriate frame, objectives, decision and alternatives, risk and uncertainty, possibilities and modelling, values and exchanges and implementation and each of them subdivided into key aspects that are object of the measurement and evaluation. The objective set in a first stage was the proposed model of the measurement scale of decision quality and is subject to future validation work to verify its applicability in real life in a second stage.
Relationship between Social Networking Sites and Observational Learning among Senior Secondary School Students in Mbaitoli Local Government Area, Imo State, Nigeria
Authors: Achilike Beatrice Adanna , Mgboro Chibueze Utum , Patrick Agbasiere, Emmanuel
Published: April 2018

Social Networking Sites are a type of virtual community which enables many people to interact and share ideas or interests. Social networking is rapidly changing the way the world is doing virtually everything, from the way people access information to the way people communicate and most importantly, the way they interact. This study investigated the relationship between Social Networking Sites and Observational Learning of Senior Secondary School students in Mbaitoli Local Government Area, Imo State, Nigeria. Four research questions with the corresponding hypotheses were generated. The objectives of the study centered on investigating the relationship between four social networking sites namely: Facebook, Instagram, Twitter and YouTube to observational learning. The correlational study design was adopted for the study. Simple random sampling was used to draw a sample of 560 students from the population of the study. The selfdesigned instrument was of two parts: A and B. Pearson Product Moment Correlation was used to answer the research questions while the hypotheses were subjected to critical probability level of 0.05 alpha levels. Findings to this study revealed that there is a significant positive relationship between social networking sites and observational learning; some of which include enhancement of informative endowment as in the case of Facebook, live-video functionality to stories in the case of Instagram and acquisition of vocational skills from YouTube. The paper at the end recommended that more encouragement should be given to students to enable them benefit adequately and positively from the gains of social networking channels vis-a-vis observational learning.
Nuevos sentidos de la reforma de Córdoba: el caso de la Universidad de Nariño
Authors: Erazo Coral María Elena
Published: April 2018

El propósito de este artículo es reflexionar sobre los nuevos sentidos que la Reforma de Córdoba toma en el Siglo XXI, porque hoy como ayer es necesario que el movimiento estudiantil y profesoral abandere esa nueva “idea de universidad” para hacer frente a las políticas neoliberales que en materia educativa proponen los centros de poder a través del Banco Mundial o la OCDE.  Este es el caso del movimiento estudiantil y profesoral de la Universidad de Nariño, el cual emprende una lucha por consolidar una Universidad al servicio de hombres y mujeres del suroccidente colombiano y no del mercado y el capital, creando para ello condiciones donde los principios de autonomía y democracia conquistados en la Reforma de Córdoba se vivan de manera real en un espacio concreto denominado, la Asamblea Universitaria.

Este texto es el resultado de la investigación “Las reformas de la Universidad de Nariño, 1972 y 2009”, financiada por esta Institución. La metodología del presente trabajo se basa en la propuesta de Carlos Rincón Bolívar “la no simultaneidad de lo  simultáneo” que busca analizar y entender los procesos históricos nacionales e internacionales, pero sobre todo las particularidades de dichos procesos en contextos concretos, aportando así a la historia regional.
Editorial
Authors: Hall Elaine
Published: April 2018

Elaine Hall introduces the Spring edition of volume 25 of the IJCLE.
Educating future practitioners through an Interdisciplinary Student Clinic
Authors: Curran Elizabeth , Ryder Isobel , Strevens Caroline
Published: April 2018

This article introduces a pilot clinic that has been designed and implemented at Portsmouth Law School in partnership with the School of Health Sciences. The benefits and challenges of interdisciplinary team working identified in the health science and legal education literature will be discussed. It looks at the rationale for this innovative development and speculates on the potential for a new professional curriculum that may emerge.The philosophy driving this pilot clinic is to contribute to breaking down silo thinking in professional students and build trust in the health and legal systems. This initiative will expose health professional and law students to holistic and therapeutic approaches to problem solving, teaching teamwork, collaboration and to breaking down the negative stereotypes of lawyers.The proposed pilot clinic at the University of Portsmouth will provide new opportunities for students studying law and adult nursing to explore how interdisciplinary practice might build bonds of trust between professionals. It will also enable those involved to see potential networks, signposts and links, in order to improve client outcomes.This new development, taking lessons from educational practice in health sciences, provides professional and teaching staff operating the clinic to build a new collaborative and dynamic joint curriculum. This new form of clinic, it is argued, provides an alternative to traditional perceptions of clinical teaching across multidisciplinary paradigms.
Appraisal as an effective means of assessing student performance in Clinical Legal Education at the University of Portsmouth
Authors: Feast Pat Heather
Published: April 2018

The aim of this paper is to advance the notion that using the workplace model of appraisal is an effective method of assessing students who undertake clinical legal education (CLE). It is the belief of the team working in the law clinics at the University of Portsmouth that appraisal provides students with both praise and constructive criticism and the necessary information to enable them to improve their performance while working in the University of Portsmouth clinics. Giving feedback on a regular basis via the appraisal system motivates the students to strive for improvement and helps them to meet the challenges of achieving excellence. At the University of Portsmouth, staff, students and, in some cases, the representatives of our partner organisations work together in our appraisal system to tackle any barriers to student success within our CLE progammes.
A necessidade de avaliação da política de fomento à inovação tecnológica no Brasil
Authors: Cappa Josmar , Sperancini José Henrique Bassi Souza , Machado Lindinalva Cândido
Published: April 2018

O fomento público à inovação tecnológica vem se constituindo como um dos principais fatores responsáveis pelo diferencial competitivo entre as nações. Essa importância dada ao papel do Estado no fomento tecnológico reforça a necessidade. De a sociedade estabelecer formas de monitorar as estratégias e as atividades das agências públicas. Por isso a necessidade urgente de implementar formas eficazes de avaliação de resultados das ações públicas na área. Para o Brasil, essa realidade não é diferente. Esse artigo procura tratar dos principais argumentos que justificam a necessidade de o Estado brasileiro institucionalizar as práticas de avaliação de suas ações de apoio à inovação empresarial.
Levantamento e identificação de sítios florestais a partir do método multifatorial, em Santa Maria, RS
Authors: Possebom Gessieli , Tabaldi Luciane Almeri
Published: April 2018

Esse estudo teve por objetivo realizar o levantamento de sítios florestais em Santa Maria, RS, com base no método multifatorial, visando identificar capacidades e limitações das áreas para a elaboração do plano de uso futuro. Os dados foram obtidos a partir do mapeamento e sondagem de 13,7 hectares, sendo coletadas informações de solo, topografia e vegetação. A partir das análises, a área foi dividida em três sítios de acordo com o solo predominante e posteriormente elaborado um plano de uso futuro da área: Sítio 1, Argissolo Vermelho Distrófico (7,6 ha) e Sítio 2, Argissolo Bruno Acinzentado (4 ha), ambos indicados para plantio de Eucalyptus dunnii; e Sítio 3, Planossolo Haplico eutrófico (2,1 ha), sendo recomendado a condução da vegetação e plantio de novas espécies nativas para destinação dessa área à Área de Preservação Permanente (APP). O método multifatorial mostrou-se eficiente, sendo o parâmetro solo, mais utilizado para classificação dos sítios.
Perfil nutricional de pacientes HIV/Aids hospitalizados
Authors: Souza Camila Nunes de , Costa Oswaldo Lorenço Brito , Sanches Fabiane La Flor Ziegler , Guimarães Rita de Cássia Avellaneda
Published: April 2018

A Síndrome da Imunodeficiência Adquirida (SIDA) ou Aids é geralmente acompanhada de ingestão inadequada e balanço energético negativo. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi realizar o acompanhamento nutricional de pacientes com HIV/Aids hospitalizados, diagnosticando seu estado nutricional, desde a sua admissão até o desfecho hospitalar, considerando os aspectos sociais, clínicos, físicos, antropométricos, laboratoriais e consumo alimentar. Verificou- se que metade dos indivíduos sabiam do diagnóstico de HIV há pelo menos um ano e, destes, 53,6% não realizavam tratamento regular com TARV. Nas comorbidades, destacaram-se neurotoxoplasmose e pneumocistose. Na avaliação nutricional: 87,5% dos indivíduos apresentavam-se hipoalbuminêmicos e com elevados níveis de PCR. O IMC, adequação da CB e adequação de peso indicaram desnutrição. A oferta por via oral e de qualidade hiperproteica prevaleceu durante o acompanhamento. Os resultados apontaram que a situação de desnutrição é presente no ambiente hospitalar e está relacionada fortemente à situação nutricional.
Solução de aterro sanitário rentável para cidade de Araçatuba, SP
Authors: Vieira Ricardo Henrique Maschio , Suda William Seiji Inagaki , Tavares Vicente Luiz Rodrigues , Breda Camila Fernanda Marsal , Gavioli Luis Filipi Bianco , Negreiros Natalia Felix
Published: April 2018

O presente trabalho tem como finalidade principal solucionar o problema de descarte de materiais sólidos em aterro sanitário, que se agrava a cada dia na cidade de Araçatuba-SP, e o intuito adjacente de fazer com que o local aumente a sua capacidade de acolhimento que se encontra no limite e assim realizar o reaproveitamento do lixo recebido em húmus. Devido ao problema de proximidade do aterro ao aeroporto da cidade, o município acabou não dando continuidade a obras futuras, mesmo tendo adquirido um terreno próximo para possíveis ampliações, o qual está incluso neste projeto, de modo a dar continuidade a trabalhos antigos. A falta de planejamento e estudo da sustentabilidade envolvida no entorno do terreno levou à paralização dessas obras, que podem trazer para a região, além de tempo de sobra para acomodação dos resíduos, a alternativa de se realizar um trabalho paralelo e rentável na área da produção de adubo orgânico, podendo servir de exemplo a muitas outras áreas com as mesmas restrições e que estão em limite de vida útil.
Primeiros estudos sobre ética animal: esboço de uma proposta de desenvolvimento político a partir de Zoopolis de Donaldson e Kymlicka
Authors: Bittar Domingues Gabriel , Maciel Josemar De Campos
Published: April 2018

O objetivo deste estudo é de discutir a Ética Animal do ponto de vista da abordagem abolicionista dos Direitos dos Animais, que é aceita por Sue Donaldson e Will Kymlicka, mas que foi primeiramente desenvolvida por Gary Francione. Discute-se aqui uma possível maneira de se entender a política sob esse ponto de vista. A metodologia percorrida foi a revisão bibliográfica contando com livros relacionados ao tema, dissertações e artigos. Percebeu-se que, apesar de haver ainda muito a ser debatido sobre essa problemática, uma teoria política suficiente abrangeria ao menos, em seu campo moral, os animais não humanos sencientes, e que a forma humanista e/ou antropocêntrica de se pensar a política conta com uma obstrução lógica no que diz respeito à ética que fundamenta. Essa discussão é interdisciplinar, mas este artigo tem como foco a Filosofia e o Desenvolvimento Local.
Versão de Sentido na Supervisão Clínica Centrada na Pessoa: Alteridade, Presença e Relação Terapêutica
Authors: Vieira Emanuel Meireles , Bezerra Edson do Nascimento , Pinheiro Francisco Pablo Huáscar Aragão , Castelo Branco Paulo Coelho
Published: April 2018

Objetiva-se discutir a supervisão de psicoterapia a partir da abordagem centrada na pessoa (ACP). Assim, apresenta-se o posicionamento de Rogers a esse respeito, bem como a visão de autores contemporâneos. Admite-se uma tensão entre a genuinidade presente na psicoterapia e os parâmetros técnicos que guiam esse tipo de relação. Diferentemente de Rogers, entende-se que essa tensão não deve ser superada, mas escutada, a fim de que o psicoterapeuta esteja aberto à diferença do cliente e à própria. A atitude primordial para isso é a presença e a supervisão deve atuar no sentido de acessar a disponibilidade do psicoterapeuta para estar presente. Por fim, indica-se a versão de sentido como um instrumento eficiente para fins de supervisão.
Cuidado em Liberdade, um Encontro Entre Paulo Freire e a Reforma Psiquiátrica
Authors: Guimaraes Ana Carolina , Veras André Barciela , Carli Alessandro Diogo de
Published: April 2018

O objetivo deste ensaio foi de apresentar as interseções entre a teoria de Paulo Freire e a Reforma Psiquiátrica brasileira, bem como sua aplicabilidade na estruturação de um trabalho clínico, que dê sustentabilidade aos preceitos desse movimento reformista. Fazemos ao longo do texto, um questionamento a respeito da operacionalização do cuidado em saúde, pautado na produção de liberdade, contraposto ao risco da execução de uma reforma superficial que não se diferencie subjetivamente da posição opressiva de segregação manicomial. Discutimos sobre a reorientação da atenção em saúde mental ancorada nos eixos da qualidade e humanização da assistência, bem como nas relações contratuais que se dão entre os trabalhadores e os usuários, adotando como referencial teórico, alguns aspectos práticos e conceituais da teoria Freireana.
Coccidiosis y amibiasis intestinal en niños de edad escolar de un distrito de Lambayeque, Perú
Authors: Vilches-Berríos Gabriela N. , Rentería-Valle César A. , Monteza-Salazar Jessica L. , Silva-Díaz Heber
Published: April 2018

Objetivos: Determinar la prevalencia y los factores asociados a coccidiosis y amibiasis intestinal en niños de edad escolar del distrito de Chongoyape, Chiclayo, Perú. Material y métodos: Estudio transversal de tipo relacional entre noviembre del 2014 y enero del 2015 en 133 escolares. Para recolectar la información sociodemográfica y de saneamiento se usó un cuestionario estructurado. La detección de los parásitos se realizó en muestras seriadas de heces. Para los coccidios intestinales se realizó examen microscópico directo (EMD), técnica acido resistente modificada (TARM) y ELISA coproantígenos para Cryptosporidium spp., mientras que para la amibiasis se usó EMD y ELISA coproantígenos para Entamoeba hystolitica. Resultados: El 6,8% (9/133) de la muestra presentó coccidiosis intestinal, 3,8% (5/133) con Cryptosporidium spp., y 3,0% (4/133) con Cyclospora cayetanensis. No se detectó Cystoisospora belli. El 4,5% (6/133) de la muestra presentó E. histolytica. El factor asociado en ambas parasitosis fue el consumo de agua insalubre (p=0,001 y p=0,026 respectivamente), mientras que el contacto con animales se asoció a la coccidiosis intestinal (p=0,013). Conclusiones: La coccidiosis y la amibiasis intestinal son frecuentes en niños de la población estudiada, evidenciando su importancia como problema de salud pública y la necesidad de un diagnóstico específico y rutinario en las instituciones de salud de la región.
Evaluación postural y presencia de dolor osteomuscular en trabajadores de una clínica materno-infantil, en la ciudad de Lima
Authors: Huapaya Paredes Carolina , Gomero Cuadra Raúl
Published: April 2018

Gran parte de la población no presenta una postura bípeda ideal, presentando un desequilibrio postural y predisponiendo a sufrir trastornos musculoesqueléticos, que pueden ser agravados por las condiciones del trabajo. Objetivo: Determinar la frecuencia de dolor osteomuscular y de las alteraciones posturales del personal de una clínica materno infantil de Lima. Material y métodos: Estudio de tipo transversal. La recolección de información se realizó durante las evaluaciones médicas ocupacionales periódicas de 188 trabajadores. Se evaluaron los segmentos corporales empleándose la cuadrícula postural y la prueba de Adams, mientras que para evaluar los rangos de movimiento articular tanto pasivos como activos, el goniómetro. Para la calificación de la intensidad del dolor se empleó la Escala Visual Analógica del dolor. Resultados: En la evaluación estática la alteración más frecuente fue la elevación de alguno de los hombros en 90,4%, luego la inclinación de cabeza 85,1%, alteraciones en columna lumbar 58%, la rotación de cabeza 49,5% y las alteraciones en pie 41%. Los trabajadores refirieron dolor en la evaluación dinámica de la columna vertebral en 64%, de las extremidades en 30% y en ambas zonas 6%. Conclusiones: Se encontró una frecuencia elevada de alteraciones posturales a predominio de columna vertebral lumbar, tanto sintomáticas y no sintomáticas. La inclusión de la evaluación postural en los exámenes médicos ocupacionales identificó que el 39% de los evaluados con alteraciones posturales estaban asintomáticos, requiriendo acciones preventivas integrales.
Educar en Bioética: Retos para el profesor universitario de ciencias de la salud
Authors: Cubas Benavides Fernando , León Jimenez Franco , Ñique Carbajal César A.
Published: April 2018

En este artículo se pretende dejar en claro que la enseñanza de la bioética es importante para la formación de los futuros profesionales en ciencias de la salud. Implica contar con profesores que cumplan con una serie de cualidades positivas que le permitan desarrollar, con alegría, una tarea con calidad educativa. El profesor, además de su perfeccionamiento en la asignatura que imparte, debe contar con una sólida formación moral y ética. El ambiente para la enseñanza en bioética y en todas las demás asignaturas, no requiere solamente de tener una infraestructura adecuada, sino tener también profesores que sean un ejemplo vivo de lo que dicen, con vocación de servicio, capacidad de diálogo, empatía y voluntad, transmitiendo principios y valores, a través de una metodología adecuada. Se destaca también la importancia de la enseñanza activa y la participación de los alumnos y de sus respectivas familias en este proceso.
Megavesícula causada por neuropatía autonómica diabética
Authors: Samaniego Mojica Wendy , Casas Castañeda Jorge
Published: April 2018

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Trato digno en personas con discapacidad por lesión medular: enfoque de investigación ¿cualitativo o cuantitativo?
Authors: Tataje Contreras Carmen , Boluarte Carbajal Alicia
Published: April 2018

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Impact of Pigment Dispersion on Trabecular Meshwork Cells
Authors: Wang Chao , Dang Yalong , Loewen Ralitsa , Waxman Susannah , Shah Priyal , Xia Xiaobo , Loewen Nils
Published: April 2018

Purpose: To investigate the effect of pigment dispersion on trabecular meshwork (TM) cells. Methods: Porcine TM cells from ab interno trabeculectomy specimens were exposed to pigment dispersion, then analyzed for changes in morphology, immunostaining, and ultrastructure. Their abilities to phagocytose, migrate, and contract were quantified. An expression microarray, using 23,937 probes, and a pathway analysis were performed. Results: TM cells readily phagocytosed pigment granules. Pigment induced stress fiber formation (pigment (P): 60.1 ± 0.3%, n = 10, control (C): 38.4 ± 2.5%, n = 11, P < 0.001) and contraction at 24 hours onward (P < 0.01). Phagocytosis declined (P: 68.7 ± 1.3%, C: 37.0 ± 1.1%, n = 3, P < 0.001) and migration was reduced after 6 hours (P: 28.0.1 ± 2.3, n = 12, C: 40.6 ± 3.3, n = 13, P < 0.01). Microarray analysis revealed that Rho, IGF-1, and TGFβ signaling cascades were central to these responses. Conclusions: TM cell exposure to pigment dispersion resulted in reduced phagocytosis and migration, as well as increased stress fiber formation and cell contraction. The Rho signaling pathway played a central and early role, suggesting that its inhibitors could be used as a specific intervention in treatment of pigmentary glaucoma.
Formation of Functional Nanobiocatalysts with a Novel and Encouraging Immobilization Approach and Their Versatile Bioanalytical Applications
Authors: Tasdemir Didar , Celik Cagla , Demirbas Ayse , Katı Ahmet , Gul Osman Tolga , Çimen Behzat , Ocsoy Ismail
Published: April 2018

A recent breakthrough in preparation of immobilized enzyme based biocatalysts achieving highly enhanced enzymatic activities and stabilities has become a great alternative to conventional immobilization techniques. The functional hybrid nanobiocatalysts (FHNs) fabricated in this immobilization composed of organic components (amino acid, peptide, protein, enzyme and plant extract) and inorganic components (various metal ions) give flower-like morphology with narrow size distribution and porous structure. The enzyme incorporated FHNs exhibite greatly enhanced catalytic activities and stabilities compared to free and conventionally immobilized enzymes under various experimental conditions. In addition to that, the FHNs consisting of other organic components act as Fenton-like reagents and show peroxidase-like activity owing to presence of metal ions and porous structure in the FHNs. This report basically focuses on preparation, characterization, and bioanalytical applications of the FHNs and explain mechanism of the FHNs formation and thier enhanced activities and stabilities.
MADM Strategy Based on Some Similarity Measures in Interval Bipolar neuTrosophic Set Environment
Authors: Pramanik Surapati , Dey Partha Pratim , Smarandache Florentin
Published: April 2018

The paper investigates some similarity measures in interval bipolar neutrosophic environment for multi-attribute decision making problems. At first, we define Hamming and Euclidean distances measures between interval bipolar neutrosophic sets and establish their basic properties. We also propose two similarity measures based on the Hamming and Euclidean distance functions. Using maximum and minimum operators, we define new similarity measures and prove their basic properties. Using the proposed similarity measures, we propose a novel multi attribute decision making strategy in interval bipolar neutrosophic set environment. Lastly, we solve an illustrative example of multi attribute decision making and present comparison analysis to show the feasibility, applicability and effectiveness of the proposed strategy.
A New Venue of TNF Targeting
Authors: Steeland Sophie , Libert Claude , Vandenbroucke Roosmarijn E.
Published: April 2018

The first FDA-approved drugs were small, chemically-manufactured and highly active molecules with possible off-target effects. After this first successful wave of small drugs, biotechnology allowed the development of protein-based medicines such as antibodies. Conventional antibodies bind a specific protein and are becoming increasingly important in the therapeutic landscape. A very prominent class of biologicals are the anti-TNF drugs that are applied in several inflammatory diseases that are characterized by dysregulated TNF levels. Marketing of TNF inhibitors revolutionized the treatment of diseases such as Crohn’s disease. However, these inhibitors also have undesired effects, some of them directly associated with the inherent nature of this drug class such as immunogenicity, whereas others are linked with their mechanism of action. Recently, researchers tried to design innovative drugs with reduced side effects aiming to make them more effective and safer. Molecules with more specificity e.g. that target one specific TNF format or receptor, or that neutralize the TNF signaling pathway in specific cells, are generated. Alternatively, TNF-directed biologicals without the typical antibody structure are manufactured. Here, we review the complications related to the use of conventional TNF inhibitors, together with the anti-TNF alternatives and the different (neurodegenerative) diseases that might benefit from selective approaches.
An Agent-Based Approach to Interbank Market Lending Decisions and Risk Implications
Authors: Liu Anqi , Mo Cheuk Yin Jeffrey , Paddrik Mark E. , Yang Steve Y.
Published: April 2018

In this study, we examine the relationship of bank level lending and borrowing decisions and the risk preferences on the dynamics of the interbank lending We develop an agent-based model that incorporates individual bank decisions using the temporal difference reinforcement learning algorithm with empirical data of 6600 S. banks. The model can successfully replicate the key characteristics of interbank lending and borrowing relationships documented in the recent literatur A key finding of this study is that risk preferences at individual bank level can lead to unique interbank market structures which are suggestive of the capacity that the market responds to surprising
Heterogeneity of Cooperative Membership: Implications for Cooperative Sustainability
Authors: Elliott Matthew , Elliott Lisa , Van der Sluis Evert
Published: April 2018

The effects of heterogeneity of cooperative membership on cooperative and collective action sustainability has been previously discussed. However, despite the importance of membership heterogeneity in recent theoretical frameworks, empirical examinations have been limited. We determine the effect of changes to cooperative member heterogeneity on cooperative sustainability and discuss changes to heterogeneity overtime that can advance our understanding to cooperative sustainability long-term. This study uses USDA Agricultural Management Resource Survey data, coupled with USDA-Rural Development cooperative financial data at the state level, to quantify effects of cooperative member heterogeneity to sustainability of U.S. farmer cooperatives. We use random forest regression to interpret the significance of heterogeneity with cooperative sustainability at an aggregate level. The findings of this empirical study narrowly reconciles the theoretical understanding of the emergence of intra-cooperative issues while providing consistent empirical evidence and expectations for the sustainability of cooperatives in the near term.    
Modelling, Transport and Assessment of Aquatic Toxic Metals in Coastal Ecosystems
Authors: Torres-Bejarano Franklin , Ramírez-León Hermilo , Rodríguez-Cuevas Clemente , Herrera-Díaz Israel Enrique , Hernández-Gómez Jorge J. , Barrios-Piña Hector , Couder-Castañeda Carlos
Published: April 2018

This paper describes the development of a two-dimensional water quality model that solves hydrodynamic equations tied to transport equations with reactions mechanisms inherent in the processes. This enable us to perform an accurate assessment of the pollution in a coastal ecosystem. The model was developed with data drawn from the ecosystem found in Mexico's southeast state of Tabasco. The coastal ecosystem consists of the interaction of El Yucateco lagoon with the Chicozapote and Tonalá rivers, that connect the lagoon with the Gulf of Mexico. We present the results of pollutants transport simulation in the coastal ecosystem, focusing on toxic parameters for two hydrodynamic scenarios: wet and dry seasons. As it of interest in the zone, we study the transport of four metals: Cadmium, Chromium, Nickel and Lead. In order to address our objectives we solved numerically a self-posed mathematical problem,which is based on the measured data. The performed simulations show to characterise metal transport within the acceptable range of accuracy and in accordance with the measured data. The performed simulations show to characterise metals transport with an acceptable accuracy, agreeing well with measured data in total concentrations in four control points along the water body. Although for the accurate implementation of the hydrodynamic-based water quality model herein presented, boundary (geometry, tides, wind, etc.) and initial (concentrations measurements) conditions are required, it poses as an excellent option when the distribution of solutes with high accuracy is required, easing environmental, economic and social management of coastal ecosystems.
The Role of Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation as a Diagnostic Tool for Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: Bashir Shahid , M. Alsharidah Muhannad , S.Alseneidi Sarah , A. Alkharan Afnan , Hamza Ali
Published: April 2018

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an immune-mediated, chronic inflammatory disease of the central nervous system (CNS), characterized by demyelination, axonal degeneration, and cognitive impairment. It also has an important impact on the quality of life of patients and their family members. An estimated 2,500,000 people in the world have multiple sclerosis. Neurophysiological parameters, like sensitivity to demyelination and the strength of excitatory and inhibitory synaptic interactions in the cerebral cortex, can be identified through transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) in patients affected by multiple sclerosis (MS). These parameters can be valid and objective parameters that can be correlated with the progression of MS, and can provide reliable indices for the severity of illness and the efficacy of drugs used to treat it. The discovery of specific and detailed neurophysiological parameters as surrogate end points for disease activity could represent an important step in clinical trials. Changes in cortical connectivity have already been demonstrated in MS, but in clinical practice, other measures are usually used to evaluate disease activity. We speculate that TMS may be more effective in identifying disease progression that leads to long-term disability, compared to standard surrogate markers, due to the fact that it represents a direct measure of synaptic transmission(s) in MS.
Allocation of Tutors and Study Centers in Distance Learning Using Geospatial Technologies
Authors: Khan Shahid Nawaz , Mir Kamran , Tahir Ali , Awan Arshad , Nisa Zaib un , Gillani Syeda Aareeba
Published: April 2018

Allama Iqbal Open University (AIOU) is the largest distance learning institute of Pakistan and providing education to 1.4 million students. This is fairly a large setup across the country where students are geographically distributed. Currently the system works on a manual approach which is not efficient. Allocation of tutors and study centers to students plays a key role in distance learning for a better learning environment. Assigning tutors and study centers to distance learning students is a challenging task when there is huge geographical spread. The utilization of geospatial technologies in open and distance learning can fix allocation problems. This research analyzes the real data of twin cities Islamabad and Rawalpindi. The results show that the geospatial technologies can be used for efficient and proper resource utilization and allocation, which in turn can save the time and money. The overall idea fits into improved distance learning framework and related analytics.
Kadar Fe Organik dan P Tersedia pada Tanah Sawah Rawa Lebak yang Diaplikasi Kompos dan Pengelolaan Air di Poso
Authors: Mowidu Ita
Published: April 2018

Non-tidal swamp rice field in Poso contain total Fe in a very high amount, ranging from 1,16% to 2,26%. In a reductive or very reductive condition, Fe solubility will be extremely high beyond the level where paddy can tolerate, hence causing toxicity in paddy. Application of compost is expected to chelate Fe and form organic Fe to decrease toxic effect in paddy. A greenhouse experiment was done treatment by 5 ton/ha of straw compost and cocoa pod compost in various combination to non-tidal swamp rice field in Korobono Poso regency. Under this factorial treatment, the first factor was composition of compost (100% straw compost, 75% straw compost + 25% cocoa pods compost, 50% straw compost + 50% cocoa pods compost, 25% straw compost + 75% cocoa pods compost, and 100% cocoa pods compost), and the second factor was water management (saturated irrigation and intermittent), arranged under completely randomized design (CRD). The observed component was the level of organic Fe and available P in soil. The research finding showed that the application of compost to non-tidal swamp rice field in Poso increased the level of organic Fe and available P in soil. The level of organic Fe and available P in soil with saturated irrigation was higher than with intermittent irrigation. The increased organic Fe tended to increased available P in the soil in non-tidal swamp rice field in Poso.
Improvement and Standardization of Laboratory Diagnostics Procedures as Concerns Particularly Dangerous, “Emerging”, and “Reemerging” Infectious Diseases
Authors: Sharova I. N. , Kazakova E. S. , Portenko S. A. , Krasovskaya T. Yu. , Osina N. A. , Kuklev V. E. , Karnaukhov I. G. , Shcherbakova S. A. , Toporkov A. V. , Chesnokova M. V. , Kulichenko A. N. , Kutyrev V. V.
Published: April 2018

Represented are the data on the key stages of laboratory diagnostics practices standardization as regards particularly dangerous infectious diseases and on the improvement of the normative-regulatory framework on the procedure for organization and carrying out laboratory diagnostics in accordance with three-level system. Worked out are the principles, scheme of indication and identification of pathogenic biological agents of emerging, previously unknown, and atypical microorganisms using modern computerized systems and high-tech equipment.
Estimation of the Severity of Experimental Tularemia against a Number of Morphometric Characteristics
Authors: Bugorkova S. A. , Filimonova D. G.
Published: April 2018

Research objective consisted in the development of a unified approach to the evaluation of severity of experimental tularemia disease based on the morphometric analysis. Experimental tularemia infection was morbidized in Guinea pigs, both female and male, using subcutaneous inoculation with virulent tularemia microbe cultures. Subsequent to the results of morphometric analysis, selected was a range of indicators characterizing intensiveness of dystrophy, necrobiotic and necrotic processes, infiltrate changes within cells and tissues of the infected animals to fullest extent, and reflecting a life-support system functioning state adequately. Thus, application of quantitative counting to distinguish the changes in experimental animals, while modeling specific infectious process, allowed for standardization and verification of severity evaluation approach and facilitated increase in quality of experimental investigations.
Mice as Animal Model for Evaluation of Therapeutic Efficacy of Preparations against Monkeypox
Authors: Sergeev Al. A. , Kabanov A. S. , Bulychev L. E. , P’Yankov O. V. , Sergeev Ar. A. , Taranov O. S. , Bodnev S. A. , Tumanov Yu. V. , Shishkina L. N. , Agafonov A. P. , Sergeev A. N.
Published: April 2018

of MPV after 7 days postinfection, applying peroral administration once within 24 hours (24 hours before infection and 7 days after infection of mouse with 60 µg/g of a preparation). Displayed is the feasibility of using 8–15-days-old ICR mice (body weight 9–11 g) as an animal model for evaluation of therapeutic efficacy of the preparations under development against Monkeypox and smallpox.
Assessment of Epizootiological-Epidemiological Situation on Natural Focal Infections in Aleksandrovsk-Sakhalin Territory of the Sakhalin Region
Authors: Andaev E. I. , Chesnokova M. V. , Borisova T. I. , Vershinin E. A. , Tatarnikov S. A. , Breneva N. V. , Mazepa A. V. , Adel’Shin R. V. , Khudchenko S. E. , Sidorova E. A. , Mel’Nikova O. V. , Trushina Yu. N. , Klimov V. T. , Darizhapov B. B. , Tin T. K. , Legeida N. I. , Im En Ok E. A.
Published: April 2018

Objective of the work was to carry out complex assessment of the current state of epizootic activity and epidemiological significance of the infectious disease natural foci in the Aleksandrovsk-Sakhalin territory of the Sakhalin Region. Trapped were 56 samples of small mammals in July, 2010; collected were 180 specimens of taiga tick imago, caught were 1000 specimens of mosquitoes. 223 samples of blood sera were taken from residents of the region. All the field data were tested to detect specific antibodies, antigens and genetic material of agents. Based on the results of epizootiological investigations, serological and molecular-genetic assays, demonstrated was the occurence of natural foci of leptospirosis, tularemia, tick-borne encephalitis, borreliosis, rickettsiosis, human granulocytic anaplasmosis, human monocytic ehrlichiosis, West Nile fever, Inco fever, Batai and Geto fevers, as well as HFRS with varying degree of activity manifestation in the territory of the region. Isolated was tick-borne encephalitis virus from mosquitoes.
Epidemiological Situation on Vector-Borne Natural-Focal Infections in the Territory of Caucasian Mineral Waters
Authors: Vasilenko N. F. , Ermakov A. V. , Maletskaya O. V. , Kulichenko A. N.
Published: April 2018

Represented is the analysis of epidemiological situation on vector-borne natural-focal infections in the specially protected eco-resort territory of Russia - Caucasian Mineral Waters of the Stavropol Region. Climactic peculiarities of Caucasian Mineral Waters with their landscape diversity, high abundance rates of ticks and mosquitoes, and anthropogenic impact on ecosystems create favorable conditions for natural foci formation. Crucial epidemiological significance in the regional infectious pathology is attributed to tick-borne borreliosis. Registration of Crimean hemorrhagic fever cases, as well as West Nile (retrospectively) fever and tularemia cases, and identification of specific antibodies to etiological agents of these infections in blood sera of donors testify to volatile epidemiological situation on vector-borne natural-focal infections in the region, which means that there is a need for further ecological, epidemiological and epizootiological monitoring as a constituent element of epidemiological surveillance aimed at provision of sanitary-epidemiological welfare of the population.
Concerning the Allocation of Emerging Natural Foci of the Currently Important Infectious Diseases in the West of Kazakhstan
Authors: Grazhdanov A. K. , Ayazbaev T. Z. , Toporkov A. V. , Bidashko F. G. , Zakharov A. V. , Belonozhkina L. B. , Pak M. V. , Andryushchenko A. V.
Published: April 2018

Within the period of 2000-2011, in the West of Kazakhstan, identified have been five, previously unknown in the territory, natural foci of dangerous infectious diseases such as hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome, Astrakhan spotty fever, Crimean hemorrhagic fever, West Nile fever, and tick-borne viral encephalitis. The reason is that key ecological factors for the persistence of the infections in the local biocoenoses occurred. It is characteristic that circulation of the agents of new infectious diseases is registered in the territory of the long-established natural plague and tularemia foci. Since 2000 and on, hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome morbidity is registered in the Western-Kazakhstan Region on a regular basis. There is some evidence to identification of West Nile fever patients in the territory of Russia in 2012, which came from Kazakhstan. Based on the spatial distribution of the natural foci of various infections, Western-Kazakhstan Region has been subdivided into four areas. In order to provide for the effective prophylaxis of emerging diseases, it is essential that healthcare facilities and services dealing with infectious diseases are consolidated and reinforced, and epidemiological surveillance is improved with the current conditions in mind.
Расширение ареала двустворчатого моллюска Corbicula fluminea (O. F. Müller, 1774) в бассейне Нижнего Дона
Authors: Живоглядова Л. А. , Ревков Н. К. , Ковалев Е. А.
Published: April 2018

Первая регистрация Corbicula fluminea (O. F. Müller, 1774) в бассейне Нижнего Дона, в Тёплом канале Новочеркасской ГРЭС, состоялась в январе 2017 г. Последующие гидробиологические исследования привели к обнаружению трёх живых моллюсков в сентябрьской съёмке ниже устья р. Маныч, в акватории, расположенной на 34 км ниже места первого обнаружения C. fluminea. Новые материалы свидетельствует о расширении ареала вида-вселенца в речной системе Дона.