bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Challenges in the serological evaluation of dogs clinically suspect for canine leishmaniasis
Authors: Santarém Nuno , Sousa Susana , Amorim Célia G. , de Carvalho Nuno Lima , de Carvalho Hugo Lima , Felgueiras Óscar , Brito Margarida , da Silva Anabela Cordeiro
Published: February 2020

Canine leishmaniasis is a major veterinary issue and also a public health challenge due to its zoonotic potential. In this context, serological evaluation is essential for Canine leishmaniasis management. Several serological alternatives, such as rapid diagnostic tests, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and immunofluorescence antibody test (IFAT), are well established. In fact, the capacity of distinct tests and antigens, evaluated by their sensitivity and specificity, to detect disease is normally considered sufficient for diagnosing Canine leishmaniasis. In this context, we evaluated the seropositivity using 8 different serological tests (ELISA with Leishmania recombinant proteins (rK39, LicTXNPx); soluble promastigote Leishmania antigens (SPLA); commercial ELISA test) in 82 clinically suspect animals from Northern Portugal. The obtained serological data originated 50% of inconclusive serological information with a mixture of seropositive and seronegative results for individual animals. Cut-off independent risk groups were then generated from the serological data to evaluate the clustering of the samples. This analysis originated risk groups that correlated with the most seropositive samples, suggesting that this method might be used, in a cut-off independent manner, to improve conventional serological evaluation. Ultimately, given that no test prioritization exists, the use of any single serological test increases the potential for misdiagnosis, along with all associated risks for the dog as well as public health. The use of a cut-off independent analysis has the potential to improve the predictive values of these tests, enabling a more accurate evaluation of the dog’s condition.
Transcytosis of Bacillus subtilis extracellular vesicles through an in vitro intestinal epithelial cell model
Authors: Rubio Ana Paula Domínguez , Martínez Jimena , Palavecino Marcos , Fuentes Federico , López Christian Miquel Sánchez , Marcilla Antonio , Pérez Oscar Edgardo , Piuri Mariana
Published: February 2020

Bacterial EVs have been related to inter-kingdom communication between probiotic/pathogenic bacteria and their hosts. Our aim was to investigate the transcytosis process of B. subtilis EVs using an in vitro intestinal epithelial cell model. In this study, using Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy, we report that uptake and internalization of CFSE-labeled B. subtilis EVs (115 nm ± 27 nm) by Caco-2 cells are time-dependent. To study the transcytosis process we used a transwell system and EVs were quantified in the lower chamber by Fluorescence and Nanoparticle Tracking Analysis measurements. Intact EVs are transported across a polarized cell monolayer at 60–120 min and increased after 240 min with an estimated average uptake efficiency of 30% and this process is dose-dependent. EVs movement into intestinal epithelial cells was mainly through Z axis and scarcely on X and Y axis. This work demonstrates that EVs could be transported across the gastrointestinal epithelium. We speculate this mechanism could be the first step allowing EVs to reach the bloodstream for further delivery up to extraintestinal tissues and organs. The expression and further encapsulation of bioactive molecules into natural nanoparticles produced by probiotic bacteria could have practical implications in food, nutraceuticals and clinical therapies.
Author Correction: Improving Stem Cell Delivery to the Trabecular Meshwork Using Magnetic Nanoparticles
Authors: Snider E. J. , Kubelick K. P. , Tweed K. , Kim R. K. , Li Y. , Gao K. , Read A. T. , Emelianov S. , Ethier C. R.
Published: February 2020

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
Author Correction: Key Role of the Ocean Western Boundary currents in shaping the Northern Hemisphere climate
Authors: Omrani Nour-Eddine , Ogawa Fumiaki , Nakamura Hisashi , Keenlyside Noel , Lubis Sandro W. , Matthes Katja
Published: February 2020

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
Emerging investigator series: ion diffusivities in nanoconfined interfacial water films contribute to mineral carbonation thresholds
Authors: Miller Quin R. S. , Kaszuba John P. , Kerisit Sebastien N. , Schaef H. Todd , Bowden Mark E. , McGrail B. Peter , Rosso Kevin M.
Published: February 2020

Mineral carbonation reactivity trends and thresholds in nanoconfined water films delineated within situX-ray diffraction and molecular simulations.
Synthesis, characterization, and properties of a novel aromatic ester-based polybenzoxazine
Authors: Zhu Chunli , Gao Xing , Fan Weixi , Fu Xiaofen
Published: February 2020

A novel benzoxazine monomer contain ester group was obtained by an indirect molecular design method. Its polymer showed excellent flexibility.
Ultralight magnetic aerogels from Janus emulsions
Authors: Raju Rajarshi Roy , Liebig Ferenc , Klemke Bastian , Koetz Joachim
Published: February 2020

Magnetite containing aerogels were synthesized by freeze-drying olive oil/silicone oil-based Janus emulsion gels containing gelatin and sodium carboxymethylcellulose (NaCMC).
Self-healing, luminescent metallogelation driven by synergistic metallophilic and fluorine–fluorine interactions
Authors: Kolari Kalle , Bulatov Evgeny , Tatikonda Rajendhraprasad , Bertula Kia , Kalenius Elina , Nonappa  , Haukka Matti
Published: February 2020

Aggregation and self-assembly of terpyridine platinum(ii) complex with fluorinated alkyl substituent, driven by synergistic metallophilic and fluorophilic interactions, result in formation of a robust, self-healing, and luminescent gel.
A visible-light-excited afterglow achieved by carbon dots from rhodamine B fixed in boron oxide
Authors: Xu Zhigang , Sun Xiaobo , Ma Panpan , Chen Yanqiu , Pan Wei , Wang Jinping
Published: February 2020

Visible-light excited afterglow achieved by carbon dot-based materials realized information security, afterglow projection and photowriting with cellphone or electric torch.
Five-photon absorption upconversion lasing from on-chip whispering gallery mode
Authors: Huang Ying , Zhu Hai , Zheng Huying , Tang Ziying , Dong Jianwen , Su Shichen , Shen Yan , Gui Xuchun , Deng Shaozhi , Tang Zikang
Published: February 2020

We demonstrated for the first time low-threshold whispering-gallery mode upconversion lasing through five-photon absorption enhanced by on-chip microcavities at room temperature.
Enhancement and mechanism of vermiculite thermal expansion modified by sodium ions
Authors: Feng Jinpeng , Liu Meng , Fu Linzong , Zhang Kan , Xie Zhenhui , Shi Dawei , Ma Xin
Published: February 2020

Aimed at improving vermiculite's thermal expansibility, a novel method of Na+ modification has been proposed. The influencing mechanism of Na+ modification on the thermal expansibility of vermiculite was explored.
Terrylene diimide-based middle-low bandgap electron acceptors for organic photovoltaics
Authors: Tang Fei , Zhu Danlei , Liang Ningning , Hou Jianhui , Wang Zhaohui
Published: February 2020

The impact of intramolecular conformational locks on molecular conformation, packing arrangement and photovoltaic performance was investigated for TDI-based electron acceptors.
Language Intervention via Text-Based Tele-AAC: A Case Study Comparing On-site and Telepractice Services
Authors: Hall Nerissa , Boisvert Michelle , Jellison Hillary , Andrianopoulos Mary
Published: February 2020

There is a shortage of qualified speech and language pathologists (SLPs) to not only meet the needs of students with a variety of communicative disabilities, but also the needs of those students with severe impairments who use augmentative and alternative communication (AAC). Special education administrators need to consider additional methods of service delivery, such as telepractice. However, there is limited evidence regarding the efficacy of services delivered to students using AAC via telepractice as opposed to face-to-face services. This study examines the effectiveness of services provided using both methodologies, and aims to provide some validation of telepractice as an alternative treatment method. Using a single-subject design to compare performance outcomes, a 7 year-old male participant, who used a Vantage Plus™ device with an 84-sequenced overlay, was studied over an eight-week period, with four weeks of on-site therapy immediately followed by four weeks of telepractice therapy. Student progress was measured by comparing outcomes in both conditions to baseline data with respect to short-term goals focused on grammatical morphemes. The results indicate that the performance outcomes were comparable in both conditions. The authors discuss the implications of using telepractice to deliver direct intervention and future applications of telepractice as a service delivery model for individuals using AAC.
Innovative primary frequency control in low‐inertia power systems based on wide‐area RoCoF sharing
Authors: Chamorro Harold R. , Sevilla Felix Rafael Segundo , Gonzalez‐Longatt Francisco , Rouzbehi Kumars , Chavez Hector , Sood Vijay K.
Published: February 2020

Future plans for integration of large non‐synchronous generation and the expansion of the power system in the Nordic countries are a concern to transmission system operators due to the common interconnections and electricity exchanges among these operative areas. The expected reduction in the inertia anticipates an alteration of the frequency response, provoking a high Rate of Change of Frequency (RoCoF) slopes that can jeopardise the security of the interconnected systems. Since power generation in the Nordic countries such as Sweden, Finland and Norway is hydro‐dominated, here, the authors propose a novel solution to tackle this problem including wide area measurements to monitor and share the RoCoF in remote areas with lower inertia to enhance their primary frequency control. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed solution, first a test benchmark control with optimised parameters is developed and later compared against the proposed method. Additionally, since the proposed solution is based on measurements from remote locations in order to guarantee the stability of the system the impact of delays in the communication channels is also included in the problem formulation.
Multi‐functional sandwich structure with metamaterial antenna lattice cores: protection, radiation and absorption
Authors: Han Yajuan , Jiang Wei , Wang Jiafu , Gong Shuhong , Li Yongfeng , Zheng Lin , Zhang Jieqiu , Zhang Anxue , Qu Shaobo
Published: February 2020

In this study, a multi‐functional sandwich structure is proposed with mechanical support, electromagnetic radiation and absorption by radome‐integrated design of metamaterial antenna array. The pyramid metamaterial absorber (PMA) is used as the radiator of the antenna element, with a fibre‐reinforced resin composite radome attached on the top. To enhance mechanical strength of the radome and meanwhile to reduce radar cross‐section (RCS) of the antenna, the PMA is used as the lattice core of sandwich structure. By engineering the dispersion, the PMA structure is used as low‐loss antenna in‐band radiator and broadband out‐of‐band absorber simultaneously. For instance, an antenna working in the C‐band and with RCS reduction in the X‐band was designed, manufactured and measured. Radiation performances of the antenna are verified. A 5 × 5 antenna array and a 2 × 2 array were also fabricated to evaluate the absorption and mechanical properties, respectively. Measured results of the 5 × 5 array present that the RCS reduction is more than 20 dB in the X‐band. Quasi‐static out‐of‐plane compression tests on the 2 × 2 antenna array verify the good mechanical performances. The sandwich structure can achieve high mechanical strength, good radiation performance and low RCS, which provides a new paradigm of antenna–radome‐integrated design for practical applications.
Pilot‐based detection for DVB‐T passive coherent location radars
Authors: Mahfoudia Osama , Horlin François , Neyt Xavier
Published: February 2020

This study investigates the feasibility of pilot‐based detection for passive coherent location (PCL) radars exploiting digital video broadcasting‐terrestrial (DVB‐T) signals. The DVB‐T signal is formed by two parts: a data signal and a pilot signal. The parameters of the pilot signal are known thanks to the DVB‐T standards that permit the generation (at the receiver) of the pilot signal. The pilot recovery technique, based on the known DVB‐T standard, is utilised in DVB‐T based PCL systems to reduce the number of the reception channels by considering a locally generated pilot signal as a reference signal. Consequently, no reference channel is required, which reduces the cost and the complexity of the resulting PCL system. In this work, the authors propose a signal processing method to achieve this goal. They consider theoretical analysis, simulations and real‐data results to validate the feasibility of such a system.
Aktueller Stellenwert der kontrastverstärkten Echokardiografie
Authors: Helfen Andreas
Published: February 2020

Die Echokardiografie mit lungengängigen Ultraschallkontrastmitteln stellt eine gut etablierte Methode dar, um die Limitationen der nicht kontrastverstärkten Echokardiografie infolge von Artefakten oder eines eingeschränkten Schallfensters zu minimieren. Es werden die aktuellen Empfehlungen zum Einsatz von lungengängigen Kontrastmitteln bei der regionalen Wandbewegungsanalyse, der Messung der Ejektionsfraktion, bei Thromben und Tumoren sowie bei der Perfusionsechokardiografie dargestellt.
Auto-Regulation of the Thyroid Gland Beyond Classical Pathways
Authors: Brix Klaudia , Szumska Joanna , Weber Jonas , Qatato Maria , Venugopalan Vaishnavi , Al-Hashimi Alaa , Rehders Maren
Published: February 2020

This mini-review asks how self-regulation of the thyroid gland is realized at the cellular and molecular levels by canonical and non-canonical means. Canonical pathways of thyroid regulation comprise thyroid stimulating hormone-triggered receptor signaling. As part of non-canonical regulation, we hypothesized an interplay between protease-mediated thyroglobulin processing and thyroid hormone release into the circulation by means of thyroid hormone transporters like Mct8. We proposed a sensing mechanism by different thyroid hormone transporters, present in specific subcellular locations of thyroid epithelial cells, selectively monitoring individual steps of thyroglobulin processing, and thus, the cellular thyroid hormone status. Indeed, we found that proteases and thyroid hormone transporters are functionally inter-connected, however, in a counter-intuitive manner fostering self-thyrotoxicity in particular in Mct8- and/or Mct10-deficient mice. Furthermore, the possible role of the G protein-coupled receptor Taar1 is discussed, because we detected Taar1 at cilia of the apical plasma membrane of thyrocytes in vitro and in situ. Eventually, through pheno-typing Taar1-deficient mice, we identified a co-regulatory role of Taar1 and the thyroid stimulating hormone receptors. Recently, we showed that inhibition of thyroglobulin-processing enzymes results in disappearance of cilia from the apical pole of thyrocytes, while Taar1 is re-located to the endoplasmic reticulum. This pathway features a connection between thyrotropin-stimulated secretion of proteases into the thyroid follicle lumen and substrate-mediated self-assisted control of initially peri-cellular thyroglobulin processing, before its reinternalization by endocytosis, followed by extensive endo-lysosomal liberation of thyroid hormones, which are then released from thyroid follicles by means of thyroid hormone transporters.
Relationship of Renal Function in Mice to Strain, Sex and 177Lutetium-Somatostatin Receptor Ligand Treatment
Authors: Mohan Ajay-Mohan , Lukas Mathias , Albrecht Jakob , Dorau-Rutke Viktoria , Koziolek Eva J. , Huang Kai , Prasad Sonal , Brenner Winfried , Beindorff Nicola
Published: February 2020

Aim Aim of the study was to establish parameters for 99mTc-MAG3 SPECT renal uptake kinetics in healthy SCID mice as a function of mouse strain and sex and to evaluate the feasibility of this method for detecting 177Lu-somatostatin receptor ligand (177Lu-SRL) treatment effects on kidney function.

Materials and Methods Dynamic semi-stationary SPECT acquisitions (68 frames, total duration 35 min) was started prior to i. v. injection of 99mTc-MAG3 in 12 female and 12 male SCID mice. Additionally, 6 female SCID mice with neuroendocrine tumors were imaged 1–5 months after 177Lu-SRL (5 DOTATOC, 1 DOTA-JR11) treatment. Kidney function is expressed as maximum time to peak (Tmax), T50 and T25 in minutes (median [interquartile range]). Differences between groups were tested using the Mann-Whitney-U test, and SCID mouse parameters were compared with data for C57BL/6N mice from a recent publication.

Results Significant sex-based differences in Tmax between strains were observed (females: C57BL/6N 1.6 [1.4–1.7], SCID 1.4 [1.3–1.5], p = 0.05; males: C57BL/6N 1.4 [1.3–1.4], SCID 1.6 [1.4–1.7], p = 0.04). In C57BL/6N mice, females showed a later Tmax (p < 0.01) than males. SCID mice showed no difference (p = 0.14). Treated SCID mice showed no significant delay in Tmax (2.0 [1.4–2.7], p = 0.15) but a significant delay in T50 (p = 0.02) and T25 (p = 0.01) compared to healthy untreated mice.

Conclusion This study demonstrated significant sex-related differences between SCID and C57BL/6N mouse strains in kidney function. Establishment of normal values for different strains and sexes therefore is important for experimental therapy studies. Renal SPECT imaging with 99mTc-MAG3 was sufficiently sensitive to detect 177Lu-SRL treatment toxic effects on kidney function in SCID mice.
The Efficacy of the Comprehensive Use of Naphthalan and Non-Selective Chromotherapy in the Treatment of Patients with Gonarthrosis
Authors: Abramovich Stanislav G. , Drobyshev Victor A. , Koneva Elizaveta S. , Makhova Anna A.
Published: February 2020

In the last decade, a new direction of phototherapy – the non-selective chromotherapy (NSC) with Bioptron – has become widespread in clinical physiotherapy. The aim of the study was the scientific justification of the comprehensive treatment of patients with osteoarthritis of knee joints, including the combined use of refined naphthalan applications and irradiation with incoherent polarized Bioptron light. The article presents the results of the study which investigated the efficacy of the comprehensive treatment of osteoarthritis of knee joints in patients using the combined exposure to naphthalan applications with irradiation using the non-selective Bioptron chromotherapy in the sanatorium. 64 patients aged 40–69 years with stage 1–3 knee osteoarthritis were examined and treated. It was shown that the combined use of naphthalan and non-selective chromotherapy in patients with gonarthrosis reduces pain, improves the functional state of the affected knee joints and improves the quality of life of patients in the absence of adverse effects. A comparative analysis of the study results showed that the efficacy of the combined use of naphthalan and non-selective chromotherapy is superior to the isolated effect of naphthalan.
Joint Design with Providers of Clinical Decision Support for Value-Based Advanced Shoulder Imaging
Authors: Brunner Michael C. , Sheehan Scott E. , Yanke Eric M. , Sittig Dean F. , Safdar Nasia , Hill Barbara , Lee Kenneth S. , Orwin John F. , Vanness David J. , Hildebrand Christopher J. , Bruno Michael A. , Erickson Timothy J. , Zea Ryan , Moberg D. Paul
Published: February 2020

Background Provider orders for inappropriate advanced imaging, while rarely altering patient management, contribute enough to the strain on available health care resources, and therefore the United States Congress established the Appropriate Use Criteria Program.

Objectives To examine whether co-designing clinical decision support (CDS) with referring providers will reduce barriers to adoption and facilitate more appropriate shoulder ultrasound (US) over magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in diagnosing Veteran shoulder pain, given similar efficacies and only 5% MRI follow-up rate after shoulder US.

Methods We used a theory-driven, convergent parallel mixed-methods approach to prospectively (1) determine medical providers' reasons for selecting MRI over US in diagnosing shoulder pain and identify barriers to ordering US, (2) co-design CDS, informed by provider interviews, to prompt appropriate US use, and (3) assess CDS impact on shoulder imaging use. CDS effectiveness in guiding appropriate shoulder imaging was evaluated through monthly monitoring of ordering data at our quaternary care Veterans Hospital. Key outcome measures were appropriate MRI/US use rates and transition to ordering US by both musculoskeletal specialist and generalist providers. We assessed differences in ordering using a generalized estimating equations logistic regression model. We compared continuous measures using mixed effects analysis of variance with log-transformed data.

Results During December 2016 to March 2018, 569 (395 MRI, 174 US) shoulder advanced imaging examinations were ordered by 111 providers. CDS “co-designed” in collaboration with providers increased US from 17% (58/335) to 50% (116/234) of all orders (p < 0.001), with concomitant decrease in MRI. Ordering appropriateness more than doubled from 31% (105/335) to 67% (157/234) following CDS (p < 0.001). Interviews confirmed that generalist providers want help in appropriately ordering advanced imaging.

Conclusion Partnering with medical providers to co-design CDS reduced barriers and prompted appropriate transition to US from MRI for shoulder pain diagnosis, promoting evidence-based practice. This approach can inform the development and implementation of other forms of CDS.
Can Computer-Assisted Total Knee Arthroplasty Support the Prediction of Postoperative Three-Dimensional Kinematics of the Tibiofemoral and Patellofemoral Joints at the Replaced Knee?
Authors: Belvedere Claudio , Tamarri Silvia , Ensini Andrea , Durante Stefano , Ortolani Maurizio , Leardini Alberto
Published: February 2020

The aim of this study was to analyze the extent to which postoperative patellofemoral joint (PFJ) kinematics assessed at 6-month follow-up after total knee arthroplasty (TKA) mimics the intraoperative kinematics after final component implantation. The study hypothesis, already proved in terms of tibiofemoral joint (TFJ) kinematics, is that the intraoperative assessment of PFJ kinematics after component implantation is also capable of predicting postoperative knee kinematics during activities of daily living. Twenty patients selected for TKA with patellar resurfacing were implanted using surgical navigation, including patellar component positioning via a novel computer-assisted procedure. This allowed for intraoperative TFJ and PFJ kinematic assessment after final component implantation. At 6-month follow-up, all patients were contacted for follow-up control; in addition to clinical examination, this implied postoperative kinematics assessments by three-dimensional video fluoroscopy of the replaced knee during standard activities of daily living. Several traditional PFJ, as well as TFJ, rotations and translations were calculated intra- and postoperatively and then statistically compared. Good postoperative replication of the intraoperative measurements was observed for most of PFJ variables analyzed, as well as those for TFJ. Relevant statistical analysis also supported the significant consistency between the intra- and postoperative measurements. Pertaining to the present findings on a statistical basis, intraoperative measurements performed at both TFJ and PFJ kinematics using a surgical navigation system under passive conditions, are predictive of the overall knee kinematics experienced at postoperative follow-ups by the same replaced knees in typical activities of daily living.
Separation of HCM and LQT Cardiac Diseases with Machine Learning of Ca2+ Transient Profiles
Authors: Joutsijoki Henry , Penttinen Kirsi , Juhola Martti , Aalto-Setälä Katriina
Published: February 2020

Background Modeling human cardiac diseases with induced pluripotent stem cells not only enables to study disease pathophysiology and develop therapies but also, as we have previously showed, it can offer a tool for disease diagnostics. We previously observed that a few genetic cardiac diseases can be separated from each other and healthy controls by applying machine learning to Ca2+ transient signals measured from iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes (CMs).

Objectives For the current research, 419 hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) transient signals and 228 long QT syndrome (LQTS) transient signals were measured. HCM signals included data recorded from iPSC-CMs carrying either α-tropomyosin, i.e., TPM1 (HCMT) or MYBPC3 or myosin-binding protein C (HCMM) mutation and LQTS signals included data recorded from iPSC-CMs carrying potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily Q member 1 (KCNQ1) mutation (long QT syndrome 1 [LQT1]) or KCNH2 mutation (long QT syndrome 2 [LQT2]). The main objective was to study whether and how effectively HCMM and HCMT can be separated from each other as well as LQT1 from LQT2.

Methods After preprocessing those Ca2+ signals where we computed peak waveforms we then classified the two mutations of both disease pairs by using several different machine learning methods.

Results We obtained excellent classification accuracies of 89% for HCM and even 100% for LQT at their best.

Conclusion The results indicate that the methods applied would be efficient for the identification of these genetic cardiac diseases.
Thumb Disability Examination (TDX) as a New Reliable Tool for Basal Joint Arthritis
Authors: Bäcker Henrik C. , Freibott Christina E. , Rizzo Marco , Lee Donald H. , Glickel Steven Z. , Strauch Robert J. , Rosenwasser Melvin P.
Published: February 2020

Background The general assessment of basal joint arthritis (BJA) is limited using the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (DASH) questionnaire. This has been shown to be insensitive to pain and disability levels, leading to the development and validation of the thumb disability examination (TDX) as a specific tool for BJA in 2014.

Objective The goal of this study was to evaluate the reliability, sensitivity, and specificity of the TDX score for BJA.

Methods A multicenter BJA database was established in 2007 to collect prospective data. We evaluated the correlation between the TDX score, visual analog pain scale with activity (A-VAS), Eaton–Littler score, and grip strength using a Pearson test. Additionally, we evaluated the pre- and postintervention scores to assess their predictive values.

Results A total of 109 thumbs of 74 patients with TDX scores were evaluated. Females were more commonly affected (75.2%), and the mean age was 65.39 years (standard deviation: 10.04). The majority of participants were white (90.8%). A high correlation between TDX and A-VAS score (Pearson's correlation = 0.520; p < 0.001) and between grip strength (Pearson's correlation = –0.336; p < 0.005) and Eaton–Littler score (Pearson's correlation = 0.353' p < 0.01) was identified. Additionally, when comparing pre- and post-intervention for all treatment groups and for operative intervention, significant differences in TDX scores were observed (both p ≤ 0.01). No significant differences could be identified for DASH score or A-VAS when assessing these same groups.

Conclusion The TDX score correlates to high Pearson's correlation values and p-values, especially in grip strength, Eaton–Littler score, A-VAS score, and pre-/postintervention for all treatment groups combined and when specifically assessing the surgical intervention group. As a result, it can be concluded that the TDX score is a specific tool for the assessment of BJA.

Level of Evidence This is a Level II, prospective comparative study.
Flexor Pollicis Longus Rupture in a Scaphoid Nonunion: A Case Report
Authors: Crepaldi Bruno E. , Andrijich Courtney , Ecker Jeff
Published: February 2020

Background Flexor pollicis longus (FPL) tendon rupture is a rare complication of scaphoid nonunion.

Case Description A fit active 70-year-old woman ruptured her FPL when it abraded on a painless 50-year-old scaphoid nonunion. She had asymptomatic scaphoid nonunion advanced collapse (SNAC) arthritis. At surgery, the sharp mobile volar scaphoid osteophytes were excised and the volar wrist capsule was repaired. A vascularized fat flap based on a perforator of the radial artery was used to augment the volar wrist capsule repair and to create a smooth gliding surface for the FPL. The ruptured FPL tendon was reconstructed with a palmaris longus graft.

Literature Review Complete rupture of the FPL tendon secondary to scaphoid nonunion is a rare complication. It can be easily misdiagnosed because the original injury may be unrecognized or forgotten. A consensus regarding the optimal surgical management has not been reached.

Clinical Relevance The objective of surgery in this case was to restore FPL function and prevent a recurrent rupture. The asymptomatic SNAC arthritis was not treated. No further wrist surgery was required. The patient was asymptomatic with a functioning FPL tendon 4 years after surgery.
Urinary Symptoms and Bladder Dysfunction in Patients with Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorders: Evaluation with Urodynamics and Management
Authors: Gupta Anupam , Sivaram Alisseril , Krishnan Rashmi , Khanna Meeka
Published: February 2020

Objective To assess lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTSs) in patients with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSDs) and bladder dysfunction through urodynamics (filling and voiding phase of cystometrography) and management based on findings.

Patients and Methods The study included 42 (34 females) patients admitted to the rehabilitation department. Neurologic evaluation was performed and severity of myelitis was assessed using the American Spinal Injury Association Impairment Scale. All patients underwent urodynamics, and management was based on the findings.

Results Mean age was 34.5 years (range: 11–64 years; standard deviation: 13.1). Twenty-three (54.8%) patients had a first episode of myelitis, whereas 19 patients had relapses (number of episodes varying from 2 to 7). Eleven (26%) patients had increased frequency, 16 (37%) had urgency, 12 (28%) had urge incontinence, 8 (18.6%) had stress incontinence, 22 (52.4%) had nocturia, 31 (72%) had retention of urine, 22 (52.4%) had incomplete evacuation, and 14 (33.3%) patients had mixed urinary complaints. The common urodynamic findings were neurogenic detrusor overactivity (NDO) with detrusor-sphincter dyssynergia (DSD) in 14 (33.3%) patients, NDO without DSD in 8 (19%), and acontractile detrusor in 20 (47.6%). Pharmacotherapy was advised to 22 (52.4%) patients, whereas clean intermittent catheterization (CIC)/self-catheterization was advised to 39 (92.9%) patients.

Conclusions Urinary retention was observed to be the most common urinary complaint in patients with NMOSD followed by NDO with or without sphincter dyssynergia. Urodynamics should be performed in all patients with LUTSs for best management. CIC remains the gold standard for the management of neurogenic bladder dysfunction.
Surgical Wound Complications after Knee Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction in Patients with Atopic Dermatitis
Authors: Yokoe Takuji , Tajima Takuya , Yamaguchi Nami , Morita Yudai , Chosa Etsuo
Published: February 2020

Atopic dermatitis (AD), sometimes referred to as eczema, is a common skin disease, and skin barrier dysfunction and immunological disorders are well recognized. However, surgical wound complications after orthopaedic surgery in patients with AD have not been described. This study aimed to report four patients with AD who developed foreign body reactions to FiberWire sutures with or without surgical wound infection (SSI) after knee cruciate ligament reconstruction (CLR). The mean age was 19.8 (range, 16–25) years, and patients 1 and 3 underwent reconstructions of the posterior and anterior cruciate ligament, respectively. At a mean of 7.5 (range, 4–10) weeks postoperatively, discharge from the surgical wound at the tibial side of the fixed graft was identified. All patients were treated with continuous saline lavage and antibiotics; however, their wounds did not heal. Second-look arthroscopy and hardware removal were performed at a mean 12.2 (range, 9–15) months postoperatively. Proliferated granulation tissue surrounding the FiberWire was identified. Intraoperative wound cultures were negative in three of the four patients. Histological examination of the tissues adjacent to the FiberWire revealed a foreign body reaction. All wounds healed immediately after the second surgery. In addition to SSI, foreign body reactions are more likely to occur in patients with AD than in those without AD. Preoperative management of AD by dermatologists and consideration of appropriate suture materials are mandatory to reduce surgical wound complications after knee CLR in patients with AD.
CERVICO-FACIAL HEMANGIOMAS; THE TREATMENT THAT ELUDES US
Authors: Sharma S.M.
Published: February 2020

Cervicofacial hemangiomas treated from January 2001 to December 2009 was clinically evaluated. This retrospective clinical study consisted of 42 females and 20 males with the age ranged from 20 days to 55 years. The lesions were present with-in first month in 45 patients (72.6%). Two patterns of tumor growth were evident: focal and diffuse. There were 59 focal hemangiomas (80.8%) and 14 diffuse hemangiomas (19.2%). Complications noted at the time of first consultation include residual skin changes in the in 35 patients (56.5%), obstruction of orifices in 14 patients (22.6%), ulceration in 6 patients (9.7%), and infection occurred in 2 patients (3.2%). Overall, there is reduction in size and improvement in color and texture of lesion following intervention in each group. No significant difference in outcome was observed in between groups with respect to change in size and texture. However, improvement in color showed statistically significant difference and combined treatment modality and surgical treatment was found to be better.
EFFECT OF YOGA THERAPY ON BODY MASS INDEX AND OXIDATIVE STATUS
Authors: Kumari N Suchetha , K.M Damodara Gowda , N. Sukesh , L. N Madhu ,   Kathyayani
Published: February 2020

Background and Objective: Human beings are under threat from many chronic diseases and life style disorders. A major cause of all these
diseases was found to be improper lifestyle and stress leading to obesity and excessive lipid peroxidation, indicating increased production of reactive oxygen species. Yoga therapy concentrates on purification of body and mind through its integrated holistic approach one can overcome the different kinds of afflictions in life. Hence the present study was undertaken to find out the effect of intervention of yoga therapy in obese individuals.

Materials and Methods: The study was conducted at MRPL ladies club auditorium in the MRPL Township after an informed and written consent from all the participants. The research protocol was approved by institutional ethics committee. The study consisted of forty obese male and female subjects. The changes in Body weight, Body Mass Index, Blood sugar, MDA level and Total antioxidant status was estimated before and after one month of yoga therapy. The data obtained was analyzed using paired't' test.p<0.05 was the level of significance.

Result: There was a significant decline in the Body Weight (p=0.020), BMI (p=0.000), Fasting Blood Sugar (p=0.03) and Post Prandial Blood Sugar (p=0.000) MDA (p=0.000) and significant increase in Total Antioxidant Level (p=0.021) after yoga when compared to that before the yoga therapy.

Conclusion: Yoga therapy is beneficial in maintaining better health by regulating BMI, Oxidative status by improving the biochemical functions of the body and helpful to overcome the complications of obesity.
EFFECT OF ELECTRON BEAM RADIATION ON HEMATOPOIETIC CELLS OF SWISS ALBINO MICE
Authors: Kumari N Suchetha , L.N Madhu
Published: February 2020

Ionizing radiation which results in the free radical formation and it leads to damage of biological macromolecules such as DNA, proteins, lipids. 36 male Swiss albino mice were used for survival assay, to find out the lethal dose of Electron Beam Radiation. It was found to be 10Gy was the lethal dose for mice. Different dosages (4Gy, 6Gy and 8Gy) of electron beam radiation were used to study the micronucleus formation in irradiated mice. The results showed micronucleus formation will increase linearly with radiation dosage.
EVALUATION OF THE EFFICACY OF CARDAMOM AROMATHERAPY ON AEROBIC FITNESS & AUTONOMIC FUNCTIONS AMONG STUDENTS.
Authors: Patil Shrikant L. , Sreekumaran E. , Krishna A.P.
Published: February 2020

Introduction: Aromatherapy is categorized as a form of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM), and has been steadily gaining popularity in today's society. Aromatherapy is considered by many to promote comfort, well-being and invigorating. However there appears to be insufficient supporting evidence to validate physiological changes that may reflect invigoration.

Objectives: This study examined the physiological effects of cardamom (Elettaria cardamomum) aromatherapy as indicated by heart rate variability. Aerobic fitness is one of the non invasive and simplest parameters which help in accessing one's fitness. In this present study we have also evaluated the efficacy of aromatherapy on the individual's physical fitness.

Methods: Total thirty healthy college students were selected as a subject who has attended four sessions in random order involving only exercise, aromatherapy and exercise combined. Each intervention lasted 15 minutes. Heart rate data were recorded for all sessions, and heart rate variability was analyzed. Aerobic fitness parameters also evaluated with the help of standard methods.

Results: There was statistically significant difference in LF/HF between the two intervention studies. During this aromatherapy, physiological responses such as oxygen consumption, respiratory exchange ratio and minute ventilation were significantly altered among different groups. Aerobic fitness was observed higher in aromatherapy combined exercise group against the only exercise group.

Conclusion: These results suggest significant physiological effect of cardamom (Elettaria cardamomum) aromatherapy interventions occurs in the autonomic nervous system as indicated by heart rate variability. The present study demonstrates that good estimated aerobic fitness was independently associated with aromatherapy and exercise.
RARE DISTINCT SUBTYPE OF CLEAR CELL RENAL CELL CARCINOMA - MULTILOCULAR CYSTIC RENAL CELL CARCINOMA
Authors: K. Jayaprakash Shetty , Makannavar J. H. , H.L Kishan Prasad , P. Rajeev T. ,   Chandrika
Published: February 2020

Multilocular cystic renal cell carcinoma (MCRCC) is an uncommon low- grade tumor with unique morphologic features and excellent prognosis. Currently it is classified as subtype of clear cell renal cell carcinoma. We report a case of multilocular cystic renal cell carcinoma presented with right renal mass. Computed tomography showed heterogeneously enhancing partly cystic mass lesion in right kidney. Patient underwent right nephrectomy. Microscopic features were suggestive of multilocular cystic renal cell carcinoma. Patient is doing well with no evidence of recurrence.
Influence of an explosion air shock wave on arc quenching inside a cylinder
Authors: Huang Shangshi , Wang Jufeng , Li Zijian , Wang Yanlei , Jin Xin , Wang Kun
Published: February 2020

To avoid the restriction of the arc energy on the energy quenching of an arc and rapidly quench the arc to restore the insulation characteristics of the gas, the process of arc quenching by an explosion air shock wave is studied in this paper. The interaction between an explosion air shock wave and an arc is considered inside a cylinder structure so that concentrated pressure and airflow velocity can be produced. First, a coupling model of the explosion air shock wave and arc is developed theoretically. Second, according to the model, the explosion air shock wave and arc are simulated by finite element simulation software. It is found that the interaction between the explosion air shock wave and arc is most intense at 0.04 ms, the arc is driven out of the cylinder at 0.087 ms, and then, the arc is gradually quenched. Finally, the test results show that the arc is completely quenched at approximately 0.80 ms, and the value of the peak current is 1 kA. Although there is error between the simulation and test results, the effectiveness of the explosion air shock wave in quenching the arc is still verified, and the arc is quenched over a time scale of milliseconds.
Magnetostructural transitions in V-doped MnCoGe compounds
Authors: Shi J. H. , Zhang H. G. , Hidayah Imam , Song B. T. , Yao H. , Yue M. , Altounian Z.
Published: February 2020

MnCoGe1-xVx (x = 0.005, 0.01, 0.015, 0.02, 0.03, and 0.04) compounds were synthesized and investigated in view of the effect of transition metals on main-group-element sites to the magnetostructural transition. A small amount of V doping results in a decrease of the martensitic transformation temperature, while a further increase of V disturbs the Co-Ge bonds hence destabilizing the MM’X phase. Therefore, the transformation temperature returns to high temperature, and the expected Curie temperature window becomes incomplete. Accordingly, a large magnetic entropy change of about 10 J/kg·K and a refrigerant capacity of about 129.5 J/kg is obtained in the series.
Hybrid integration of carbon nanotube and amorphous IGZO thin-film transistors
Authors: Lee Yongwoo , Yoon Jinsu , Jang Jun Tae , Choi Bongsik , Kim Hyo-Jin , Park Geon-Hwi , Kim Dong Myong , Kim Dae Hwan , Kang Min-Ho , Choi Sung-Jin
Published: February 2020

Solution-processed carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have recently attracted significant attention as p-type thin-film transistor (TFT) channels due to their high carrier mobility, high uniformity, and low process temperature. However, implementing sophisticated macroelectronics with a combination of single CNT-TFTs has been challenging because it is difficult to fabricate n-type CNT-TFTs. Therefore, in combination with indium-gallium-zinc-oxide (IGZO), which has excellent electrical performance and has been commercialized as an n-type oxide TFT, we demonstrated various hybrid complementary metal-oxide semiconductor integrated circuits, such as inverters and nor and nand gates. This hybrid integration approach allows us to combine the strength of p-type CNT- and n-type IGZO-TFTs, thus offering a significant improvement for macroelectronic applications.
Effects of a high-dose Saccharomyces cerevisiae inoculum alone or in combination with Lactobacillus plantarum on the nutritional composition and fermentation traits of maize silage
Authors: Zhou X. L. , Ouyang Z. , Zhang X. L. , Wei Y. Q. , Tang S. X. , Tan Z. L. , Wang C. J. , He Z. X. , Teklebrhan T. , Han X. F.
Published: February 2020

Context
The inoculation of silage with Saccharomyces cerevisiae to deliver viable yeast cells is a novel concept.

Aims
The effects of a high-dose S. cerevisiae inoculum alone or combined with Lactobacillus plantarum on the nutritional composition, fermentation traits and aerobic stability of maize silage were studied after 30, 60 and 90 days of storage.

Methods
Whole-crop maize (309.3 g dry matter (DM)/kg as fed) was subjected to one of three treatments: deionised water (untreated control); S. cerevisiae at an estimated concentration of 108 CFU/g fresh forage (S); or S. cerevisiae at an estimated concentration of 108 CFU/g and L. plantarum at an estimated concentration of 105 CFU/g of fresh forage (SL).

Key results
Compared with the control, the S and SL groups showed increases (P < 0.001) in average pH (3.98 in S and 4.01 in SL vs 3.65 in the control), crude protein (85 g/kg DM in S and 80 g/kg DM in SL vs 63 g/kg DM in the control) and ammonia nitrogen/total nitrogen (122.2 g/kg in S and 163.9 g/kg in SL vs 52.9 g/kg in the control) but a lower (P < 0.001) average concentration of water-soluble carbohydrate (0.9 g/kg DM in S and 0.7 g/kg DM in SL vs 2.3 g/kg DM in the control). The levels of neutral detergent fibre and acid detergent fibre were greater (P < 0.001) in S silage than in the control and SL silages, and the hemicellulose level was lower (P = 0.004) in the SL group than the control and S groups. Starch and aerobic stability were unaffected by treatment, and the average lactate and ethanol concentrations were higher (P < 0.001) in the S (53.7 g lactate/kg DM and 28.7 g ethanol/kg DM) and SL (56.9 g lactate/kg DM and 21.4 g ethanol/kg DM) groups than the control (40.1 g lactate/kg DM and 5.3 g ethanol/kg DM) over 90 days of ensiling.

Conclusions
Overall, a high-dose inoculum of S. cerevisiae alone or combined with L. plantarum affected the nutritional composition and fermentation traits of maize silage.

Implications
The inoculation of maize silage with a high dose of S. cerevisiae needs to be performed with caution.
Synthesis and Properties of Maleic Acid Cholesteryl Monoester–Citric Acid Triester
Authors: Xie Cailing , Ba Lisi , Wei Yuru , Shi Zeyi , Jin Li'e
Published: February 2020

A new maleic acid cholesteryl monoester–citric acid trimester (MACM-CAT) containing three cholesterol units has been synthesised successfully. The structure was characterised by a series of spectroscopic methods and thermal analysis including polarising optical microscopy. The results showed that MACM-CAT displayed a triangular-like ordered layered structure and exhibited a good liquid crystalline behaviour. The introduction of sodium citrate onto cholesterol units is favourable for the formation of hydrogen bonds of MACM-CAT and improvement of the stability. More importantly, the study provides a novel route for the synthesis of liquid crystalline materials.
Endothelial-specific YY1 governs sprouting angiogenesis through directly interacting with RBPJ
Authors: Zhang Shuya , Kim Ji Young , Xu Suowen , Liu Huan , Yin Meimei , Koroleva Marina , Guo Jia , Pei Xiuying , Jin Zheng Gen
Published: February 2020

Significance

Endothelial sprouting is critical for both physiological and pathological angiogenesis. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying precise regulation of endothelial sprouting have not been fully understood. Here we show that the transcription factor Yin Ying 1 (YY1) functions as a repressor of Notch signaling through its inhibition of the intracellular domain of the Notch protein/mastermind-like protein 1/recombination signal binding protein for Ig Kappa J region complex formation and modulates endothelial cell tip-stalk fate determination. Our results reveal that YY1 plays an important role in regulating endothelial sprouting and angiogenesis and suggest YY1 could be a potential molecular target for angiogenesis-related diseases.
“Stories that are worth spreading”
Authors: Nadeem Nahla
Published: February 2020

The present study aims to provide a conceptualization of how narratives function in TED talks. It uses Bamberg’s
positioning theory as a theoretical framework to build a communicative model of TED Talk narratives. TED narratives are “small
stories” that are told, indeed performed, in the presence of an audience and designed to accomplish particular rhetorical aims.
The model specifically investigates (1) how genre features affect the design and rhetorical aims of TED talk narratives, (2) TED
speaker’s narrative positioning and multi-modal narrative performance, (3) evidence of the audience’s engagement in the narrative
and finally, (4) TED narratives as a scaffold for potential individual and social change. Using a multi-modal discourse analysis
approach, the model is applied to the narratives used in Guy Winch’s TED Talk (Winch, 2015). The model provides an analytical
tool for investigating the dynamic interaction and semiotic signaling involved in the communicative performance of TED Talk
narratives.