bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Estrategia participativa para implementación de sistemas agroforestales en pequeñas propiedades, región de los ríos
Authors: Jofré Filgueira Paola Aurora , Barrales M. Luis , Hernández B.
Published: July 2021

El trabajo considera dos partes. La primera recoge la experiencia del equipo técnico para incorporar superficies agroforestales al sistema productivo predial, resultado de una labor constante y participativa en términos de actividades en terreno y reuniones con otros grupos de trabajo de las diversas instituciones, y la selección de un predio modelo que sirva como ejemplo y herramienta en la difusión y capacitación a otros propietarios y profesionales. La segunda parte, considera escoger un sitio y un propietario, y las actividades desarrolladas para implementar una Unidad Demostrativa (UD) en la región de Los Ríos.
servicio al cliente como estrategia competitiva
Authors: Morales Ospina Alberto
Published: July 2021

El artículo tiene como objetivo identificar la importancia del servicio al cliente en las organizaciones para visualizar el peso que tiene como

criterio de evaluación en la toma de decisiones. El servicio al cliente se ha visto como un evento en segundo plano, sin embargo, desde la segunda mitad del siglo XX, después de eventos catastróficos para la humanidad, ha logrado escalar en el grado de importancia; tanto así que es de suma relevancia en todo el contexto organizacional. Por último, el presente texto se orienta desde el punto de vista cualitativo y descriptivo que enfoca la investigación con un concepto crítico y evaluativo.
Mojica, F. (2018). Los retos del talento humano en el posconflicto. Bogotá: Editorial Fundación Universitaria San Mateo
Authors: Rojas Ávila Luisa
Published: July 2021

Hablar de conflicto interno armado en Colombia y, a su vez, conversar sobre la construcción de culturas de paz en escenarios organizacionales, han sido uno de los grandes desafíos en los que actores sociales, como el Estado, las comunidades, personas víctimas directas e indirectas de este conflicto, así como la academia, las empresas y grupos al margen de la ley, han tenido que enfrentar. Es una guerra de más de cincuenta 50 años que tiene como antecedente la colonización del territorio colombiano, en el que la apropiación de este se enmarca en lógicas y acciones de poder, donde el acceso a la tierra ha sido la raíz del conflicto. De manera que construir una cultura de paz lleva consigo la transformación de imaginarios sociales que trasciende la simple y llana acción social.
Economía solidaria como acción de cambio en un mundo global
Authors: Miranda Moreno Viviana
Published: July 2021

El presente artículo tiene como objetivo familiarizar los conceptos y fundamentos relacionados con la economía solidaria, así como su aplicabilidad. Describe la economía social y solidaria como un modelo de desarrollo que promueve una nueva alternativa para la economía actual; se basa en la justicia social, la solidaridad y el equilibrio de los recursos. La economía solidaria es un modelo que tiene en cuenta a las personas, la comunidad, el territorio, el desarrollo sostenible y sustentable como referencia prioritaria, por encima de otros intereses. Así, los bienes y servicios están enfocados al territorio y a las comunidades de ahí subyace el concepto de autogestión, cooperación, equidad y el compromiso por el otro.
Estado actual de prácticas de gobernanza en las corporaciones del departamento Quindío, Colombia
Authors: Ceballos Olga , Mejía Castellanos Luz , Arango Medina Deicy
Published: July 2021

Este artículo expone los resultados del diagnóstico realizado al estado actual de la implementación de buenas prácticas de gobernanza en las Corporaciones que pertenecen al sector solidario en el departamento del Quindío, Colombia. Para ello, se efectúa una contextualización en cuanto a su estructura y clasificación; posteriormente, se identifican los códigos emitidos a nivel internacional y nacional, relacionados directamente con el sector. Esto permite obtener datos confiables y un análisis en detalle sobre el tema, necesario para el desarrollo de las políticas de control sobre las organizaciones; contribuye a proponer acciones de mejora como valor agregado, no solo para el sector solidario, sino para los segmentos que dinamizan la economía del país. Lo anterior se obtiene a través del diseño y aplicación de un instrumento de medición que permite identificar, analizar y determinar componentes y procesos significativos en las buenas prácticas de gobierno corporativo.
Reflexiones e investigación en materia de seguridad
Authors: Arias Henao Diana
Published: July 2021

El presente artículo tiene como objetivo evidenciar los resultados de los artículos de investigación, reflexión y revisión en materia de relaciones internacionales, estrategia y seguridad, a través del uso de herramientas de investigación con enfoque cualitativo, sin descartar técnicas cuantitativas. El análisis de diversas fuentes de tipo primarias y secundarias, provenientes de las investigaciones relativas a la disciplina señalada, a nivel internacional, revela las tendencias de los movimientos glocales y globales a nivel doctrinal, académico e investigativo. Los resultados son contundentes y agrupan los principales aportes de las investigaciones publicadas dentro del recorte temporal de estudio, entre el año 2015 y 2016; permite concomitantemente vislumbrar las metas que deben enfrentar las instituciones de educación superior y centros de pensamiento especializados, en cuanto a la pospublicación editorial.
Modelos de identidad corporativa y la incorporación de la sustentabilidad en las Instituciones de Educación Superior
Authors: Trevera Dávila Acela
Published: July 2021

Al igual que cualquier empresa, las instituciones educativas buscan formas de sobresalir en el mercado, crecer y evolucionar. Así, la sustentabilidad se ha convertido en un aliado al fortalecer su marca ante un mercado altamente competitivo. Sin embargo, incorporar un programa de sustentabilidad no garantiza su éxito, ni el correcto desarrollo de la identidad corporativa de la institución. El presente trabajo tiene como finalidad dar una aproximación teórica al concepto de identidad corporativa y su aplicación en las Instituciones de Educación Superior; al concepto de sustentabilidad y la aplicación de sus tres (3) dimensiones; así como una revisión de los modelos existentes para el desarrollo de la identidad. En este artículo de revisión se analizan los distintos modelos de identidad existentes para dichas instituciones, los programas e indicadores en materia de sustentabilidad y los cambios (o énfasis) que tienen en su identidad.
Environmental Factors as Determinants of Health in New Jersey, USA
Authors: Blauvelt Robert P.
Published: July 2021

There is a well-documented association between socioeconomic factors and community health. While environmental conditions are considered in most public health evaluations, they have the least weighted values of all the metrics measured. The U.S. state of New Jersey has a very robust, long-standing environmental protection program combined with some of the highest educational attainment, employment, and income levels in the country. These conditions may have re-positioned or re-prioritized those societal factors that traditionally dominate health outcomes, placing greater emphasis on environmental factors. This paper seeks to evaluate whether in New Jersey at the county level the long-established connection between health status and environmental quality conditions needs to be re-defined. Because of its high per capita income, well-educated population, and strong industrial and service sector employment base, New Jersey residents are fairly healthy, and New Jersey is generally placed within the top ten healthiest places to live in the United States. Thus, this state is well positioned to assess the relative importance that releases to air, water, and soil may play in determining health outcomes. This is due to the state’s long history of significant pollution of its air, water, and soil coupled with a strong, effective regulatory program that slowly is achieving meaningful improvements to environmental quality.Five data sets related to discharges to the air, water, or soil were compiled and tested separately against two New Jersey specific community health indices. The health surveys include the New Jersey Hospital Association’s 2019 report on social gaps and their impact on health (CHART) and the nationwide America’s Health Rankings (UHF). A Pearson’s product moment correlation coefficient was used to compare each state’s health ranking – both CHART and UHF - with the independent variable, environmental exposure data sets. The analysis found that there are no meaningful correlations between the environmental exposure data sets and the CHART or UHF county health rankings. This suggests that environmental factors may be over-weighted given the level of state and federal regulatory protection programs already in place within New Jersey. Policy makers should now consider two shifts in public health strategy: encouraging economic growth in areas with underperforming health outcomes so as to maximize those determinants that do most impact positive outcomes (insurance, income, etc.) coupled with aggressive enforcement of existing environmental regulations to protect communities from the possible consequences of that expanded development.
Salvar a semente: a puericultura a serviço da “raça forte”
Authors: Araújo dos Santos André
Published: July 2021

Este artigo discute a vulgarização da puericultura na Bahia a partir da assistência prestada pelo Instituto de Proteção e Assistência à Infância da Bahia (IPAI-BA). Ao mesmo tempo em que estes médicos filantropos preenchiam uma lacuna da República brasileira na assistência pública, afirmavam-se como categoria profissional e empreendiam estratégias de organização social numa perspectiva evolucionista, à luz da eugenia. Através da estratégia do Dr. Alfredo Ferreira de Magalhães (1873-1943) de ocupar a direção da Escola Normal da capital, percebe-se como o discurso da eugenia não circulou apenas entre intelectuais da medicina na Primeira República (1889-1930), mas buscou-se potencializar esse discurso, alcançar a população pobre, mudar seus costumes através da formação do comprometimento de professores com os ideais eugenistas.
巔峰型教師：快樂教師效應的實踐
Authors: 余民寧 余民寧
Published: July 2021

本書敘述幸福的後續研究，已延伸到了全面心理健康理論應用的新領域。全面心理健康的理論建構，係依據兩個研究議題所構成的兩大主軸所組成，一為「主觀幸福感」，另一為「憂鬱情緒」。經由這兩類研究議題的測量與分類，共可形塑出全面心理健康的分類：即「錯亂型（floundering type）－低幸福高憂鬱」、「徬徨型（hovering type）－中幸福高憂鬱」、「掙扎型（struggling type）－高幸福高憂鬱」、「愁善型（sentimental type）－低幸福中憂鬱」、「大眾型（popular type）－中幸福中憂鬱」、「奮戰型（striving type）－高幸福中憂鬱」、「幽谷型（languishing type）－低幸福低憂鬱」、「滿足型（contented type）－中幸福低憂鬱」、及「巔峰型（flourishing type）－高幸福低憂鬱」等九大類型。其中，具有巔峰型的教師，不僅比幽谷型（及其他類型）教師展現出更大的心理健康優勢外，同時，亦具有擴建效果與外溢效果，不僅對自身心理健康、快樂與滿足等主觀幸福感有所助益外，更能提高所任教班級學生習獲非認知性學習成果，而顯現出「快樂教師效應」──即唯有快樂的教師才能教育出快樂又有成就的學生。最終，巔峰型教師不僅能夠提升自身的主觀幸福感、療癒倦怠感、降低離職率，更能作為未來教師甄試的一項新指標。

作者簡介
余民寧

現職：國立政治大學教育學系特聘教授

學歷：美國伊利諾大學（香檳校區）哲學博士（主修心理計量學

專長：多變量分析、潛在變項模式、縱貫性資料分析、教育測驗與評量、試題反應理論（IRT）與應用、測驗編製與量表發展、有意義的學習（概念構圖之研究）、教學評量專題研究、網路問卷調查、幸福心理學研究

著作：
 《心理與教育統計學》（1995）
 《有意義的學習──概念構圖之研究》（1997）
 《教育測驗與評量：成就測驗與教學評量》（1997）
 《教育測驗與評量：成就測驗與教學評量》（第二版）（2002）
 《心理與教育統計學》（增訂二版）（2005）
 《潛在變項模式：SIMPLIS的應用》（2006）
 《試題反應理論（IRT）及其應用》（2009）
 《教育測驗與評量：成就測驗與教學評量》（第三版）（2011）
 《心理與教育統計學》（增訂三版）（2012）
 《縱貫性資料分析──LGM的應用》（2013）
 《幸福心理學：從幽谷邁向巔峰之路》（2015）
 《量表編製與發展──Rasch測量模型的應用》（2020）
 相關學術論文百餘篇

個人網頁：http://www3.nccu.edu.tw/~mnyu/
Ecclesiam suam (1964-2014)
Authors: Díez Barroso Santiago
Published: July 2021

Esta es la quinta y última entrega sobre la transfiguración de un papa, Pablo VI, clarividente, dialogante, ecuménico, eclesial, entrañable, comprometido, bueno, timonel del Concilio Vaticano II, que promulgó una carta encíclica programática, Ecclesiam suam, al comienzo de su pontificado, que había de ser acicate para dicho Concilio y fuente de inspiración para la Iglesia posconciliar. Aquí trato de puntualizar en qué consistió su transfiguración: una persistente configuración con Cristo por el mundo, desde el evangelio y la tradición, una existencia vivida y actuada como laudis canticum, logiké latreia, libación de suave olor, llevada hasta el amor extremo de una fidelidad sin fisuras a Su/su Iglesia.
La utilización de san Pablo en los In Epistulam Iohannis ad Parthos Tractatus de san Agustín (II)
Authors: Luis Vizcaíno Pío de
Published: July 2021

Es bien sabido que san Juan y san Pablo son los dos autores del Nuevo Testamento preferidos por el obispo de Hipona si la preferencia se mide por la dedicación a sus escritos y por el recurso a los mismos. Pero, de los dos hagiógrafos ¿cuál ha tenido más peso en el pensamiento del santo? ¿Cuál ocupa el primer lugar? Leídos desde esa perspectiva sus Tractatus sobre la carta de san Juan a los Partos (=1ª de Juan), no cabe sino responder que el Apóstol ha ganado la partida al evangelista. En el presente estudio se examinan, primero, diversos aspectos del uso del Apóstol en los Tractatus (frecuencia, modos de designación, la técnica de la cita, funciones sintácticas de la cita…) y, después, los variados objetivos que cumplen los textos de san Pablo en el comentario a la carta juánica (confirmación, complemento, solución de cuestiones, desarrollo de temas paralelos, comprensión de otros textos bíblicos, polémica, etc.). El análisis de los textos revela cómo el predicador da la preferencia a san Pablo antes que a san Juan; cómo la teología paulina se sobrepone a la juánica; cómo el santo no desaprovecha ningún recurso para dar el salto de san Juan a san Pablo. San Pablo parece ser para san Agustín, de facto, un buen intérprete de san Juan. Cosa distinta es que la realidad se ajuste a lo que piensa el obispo de Hipona.
El Catecismo de la Iglesia Católica al servicio de la vocación evangelizadora y misionera de la Iglesia
Authors: Gil López Miguel Ángel
Published: July 2021

Es de justicia reconocer que el Catecismo de la iglesia Católica (1992-1997) de san Juan Pablo ii ha logrado proseguir la renovación que el espíritu Santo impulsó, a través del Concilio Vaticano II. La acogida y difusión del Catecismo ha fortalecido la comunión eclesial, revitalizado la vida litúrgica y de oración, e impulsado una acción catequética y pastoral, misionera y testimonial. El Papa francisco invita a todos los cristianos a ser ministros del evangelio, cuya vida irradie el fervor y la alegría del encuentro con Jesús. ofrezcamos el anuncio de una doctrina bella y esperanzadora a una sociedad desmoralizada y fragmentada. Anunciemos la bondad y la belleza de ser amados por Dios gratuitamente, para que la justicia, la paz y la fraternidad llegue a todas las periferias de nuestro mundo.
San Agustín y el placer del acto sexual matrimonial
Authors: Mora Montes José María
Published: July 2021

S. Agustín, reconocido como uno de los principales doctores y padres de la Iglesia, gran filósofo y teólogo, que supo conciliar los dogmas cristianos con la filosofía platónica, es también una figura reconocida por su inteligencia psicológica y capacidad de introspección, que escribe en clave fenomenológica y existencial con gran aproximación a los tiempos actuales. Son muchos los conceptos agustinianos que han transcendido al paso del tiempo y mantienen su vigencia, sirva de ejemplo, su teoría de la iluminación, según la cual el hombre no puede conocer la verdad inmutable de las cosas a menos que su mente, a semejanza de la luz del Sol que ilumina las cosas, esté iluminada por la luz de Dios
El camino de la adaptación y las negociaciones de la identidad: De La discreta enamorada de Lope de Vega a Doña Francisquita, en Miami, en 2019
Authors: Gamboa Yolanda
Published: July 2021

Partiendo de que cualquier noción de identidad es indesligable del contexto socio político se procede a observar el efecto de la adaptación en la concepción de identidad nacional por medio de la comparación entre La discreta enamorada de Lope de Vega; el libreto de la zarzuela Doña Francisquita; su estreno en Madrid en 1923 y, por último, la representación de Doña Francisquita en Miami en marzo de 2019. Se analiza en primer lugar el contexto histórico musical de mediados del siglo XIX, cuando se revalorizan las comedias del Siglo de Oro y en particular las de Lope de Vega pues en ellas se percibe “lo español” y tras la comparación, termina con una reflexión sobre la fluida noción de identidad y su necesidad de continua negociación.
Edith Wharton's Proximate Intimacies
Authors: Dawson Melanie V.
Published: July 2021

As nineteenth-century etiquette books remind their readers, the basic principles of social life meant maintaining a clear and insulating space around corporal forms. Amid such normative expectations, Wharton's characters move through material worlds richly populated with objects, many of which are alluringly textured. This essay argues that a number of these objects were charged with additional associative meanings, based on the persons with whom they are most closely aligned, often their owners. Such material items become what I describe as the “proximate objects” that fascinate Wharton's characters, not only because of their sensual appeal, but also because of their combined physical availability and association with other human forms. For characters in fictions such as The Age of Innocence, Ethan Frome, and The Reef, proximate objects have the capacity to mediate human desires by providing a sense of an appropriately distanced but nevertheless material intimacy with another person as they stand in for human forms that must remain socially distanced from one another. Revealing the dynamic and sensual dimensions of the material world, the haptic encounters experienced by Wharton's characters offer insight into the materiality interwoven with human desire.
Of Art, Codes, and Transcoding
Authors: Sammarcelli Françoise
Published: July 2021

This essay explores the inscription of codes and intersemiotics in Wharton's The Age of Innocence and its 1993 adaptation by Martin Scorsese, and analyzes the effects derived from them. It begins by showing how the sense of ironical distance that prevails in the first chapters of the novel is redefined in the film, especially in the brilliant title sequence and opening scene that set a different tone, more likely to trigger identification with the characters and produce emotion, instead of underscoring convention. Apart from the opera motif, other intersemiotic connections that function differently in the book and its adaptation deserve to be examined. Thus the essay studies how pictorial quotations abound in the film, more than in Wharton's novel, especially works by James Tissot that convey a sense of ambiguity, while other paintings are related to the transcoding of violence and mystery. It then discusses the subversive emphasis on frames and framing and the reference to tableau vivant, before dwelling on facets of textual and filmic reflexivity.
Comparison of Mammography and Ultrasonography for Early Detection of Breast Cancer
Authors: Mahmood Samina , Anjum M Nawaz , Farooq Faiza , Gilani S.Amir , Fatima Mehreen , Andlib Shakila , Ramzan H. Sobia
Published: July 2021

Aim: This systematic review is specifically aimed to compare mammography and ultrasonography in early detection of breast cancer. For this systematic review, major purpose is to compare both screening methods and also analyze the performance of supplemental ultrasonography for early detection of breast cancer. Methodology: For this systematic review, total 23 studies are included which follow the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. Electronic articles from year 2007 to from year 2017 on PUB Med, online Willey library, and Science Direct site were searched by using keywords related to sonographic and mammography imaging for breast cancer. Results: Out of 23 studies, 12 studies are conducted on women with dense breasts. Twenty studies performed their imaging with hand held ultrasound (HHUS). Out of twenty-three studies, sixteen studies followed BI-RADS procedures. In eleven studies that used joint methods, it was observed that mammography (MAM) has 65% whereas ultrasound (US) has 68% efficiency for early detection of breast cancer. 88% area under a cover (AUCs) among MAM and 98% among US imaging was observed. No major difference was found in sensitivity and specificity of both techniques. Conclusion: Study concludes that Ultrasound is more efficient to diagnose factors suggestive of breast cancer that cannot be detected on mammography. It also has the potential to evaluate cancer among dense breast women but unfortunately in some cases, it may cause a high recall rate. Keywords: Breast, Cancer, Mammography, Ultrasonography, Screening.
Sonographic Advancements in Characterization of Benign and Malignant Ovarian Masses
Authors: Baig Furozan , khadija Sayyeda , Afzal Nimra , Raheem Irum
Published: July 2021

Background: Characterization of ovarian masses is essentially required and inevitable for optimization of clinical decision making, patient care and management. The diagnosis of ovarian masses is a frequent dilemma in clinical work. Ultrasonography remains the modality of choice in the early investigation of suspected adnexal masses because of its availability and being a safe modality. Aim: To review the current literature on different patterns of manifestation of ovarian masses on ultrasound and its various modes, helping in differential diagnosis on the basis of morphologic, vascular and other characteristics as seen on ultrasound. Methods: Electronic database was searched (PubMed, Google Scholar, Science direct) with data ranging from year 2000 to 2021. Most relevant studies, relating to sonographic appearances of ovarian masses were selected. Results: Twenty five most relevant articles were found: 8 articles were regarding gray-scale ultrasound, 3 articles regarding three dimensional ultrasonography, 2 articles regarding contrast enhanced ultrasonography, 2 regarding elastography and rest were regarding combined use of gray-scale and Doppler ultrasound including color and power Doppler ultrasonography for the assessment of ovarian masses. Our results show that conventional 2D sonography, in conjunction with latest advancements helps improving the diagnosis based on typical sonographic appearances of masses. Screening for ovarian cancer also proves to be helpful for early diagnosis and improvement in survival rate. Conclusion: Ultrasonoraphy and its different modalities such as 3DUS, CEUS, elastography along with conventional 2D and Doppler studies accurately identifies morphologic, structural and vascular featuresof the adnexal masses and differential diagnosis by escapingunnecessary surgeries and improving the survival rate. Keywords: Ultrasonography, Ovarian masses, malignant ovarian masses, contrast enhanced ultrasound,
Recurrence Rate of Carcinoma Breast patients Undergoing Mastectomy at Gulab Devi Hospital Lahore
Authors: Iftikhar Muhammad Adil , Ahmed Khalil , Rahman Usman Ali , Butt Malihajavaid , Ahmed Iftikhar , Akhtar M. Kaleem
Published: July 2021

Aim: To determine recurrence rate of carcinoma breast after mastectomy in our population and to determine various risk factors associated with local recurrence which would help in management of new carcinoma breast patients in future. Methods: It was a descriptive study conducted on patients of carcinoma breast with stage II and III undergoing modified radical mastectomy with negative resection margins at Gulab Devi Hospital, Lahore. Total of 59 patients were recruited in study using purposive sampling technique. Results: Mean age was 51.61±11.52 years with range from 26 to 78 year. Female 58(98.31%) predominated over the 1(1.69%) male. Recurrence rate was seen only in 5 (8.47%) female patients Conclusion: Proper surgical technique results in less chances of carcinoma breast recurrence. Menopause, positive axillary lymphnodes, lymphovascular invasion and necrosis on histology are associated factors of recurrence. MeSH: Carcinoma breast, recurrence, Nottingham Prognostic Index (NPI)
Psychiatric symptoms in students of medical colleges in Punjab
Authors: Ashraf Muhammad Imran , Suhail Bushra , Saeed Usman , Arshad Muhammad , Imtiaz Muhammad , Zulqernain Ali
Published: July 2021

Background: In Punjab, after medical college entrance exam, 3405 candidates got seats in 19 medical colleges (public sector) from 80 thousand participants. In Pakistan, after UHS induction, enrollment of 4300 candidates was made in 43 private medical colleges per year. MBBS, In Pakistan, consist of five academic years along with one year of House job. MBBS is regarded as one of toughest studies that not only effect student health physically but also mentally. Aim: To find out the incidence of stress, depression and anxiety, and stress experienced by medical candidates, and its link with different variables. Duration and study design: September 2018 to December 2019, Cross-sectional study Methods: From September 2018 to 2019 December, this case research was carried out in candidates of private as well as public Medical Colleges. The case research consists of sampling of 270 candidates. The data was collected via questionnaire.. The data was analyzed using social sciences .The statistical analysis of different variables and anxiety stress and depression was carried out. Results: It was reported that the incidence of stress depression and anxiety, and between medical candidates were respectively, 41.1%, 60.1% and 62.2%. Female candidates were found to be more relaxed and stress free as compared to male candidates. Male students were found to be more depressed than female students (29.4% vs 52.2%) along with a statistically significant (P<0.001). Gender is free from association with stress and Anxiety. Candidates from urban areas were more stress free (41.4%) as compared to candidates from village sides (59.2%) with a statistically significant (P=0.021). Conclusion: The incidence of stress anxiety and depression was found more significant in case of male candidates as compared to female candidates. Male candidates and candidates from rural sides were more prone to stress and anxiety. Keywords: Medical Education, Depression, Anxiety, Stress, Medical students.
PASSIVE LEADERSHIP AND ITS OUTCOMES IN PUBLIC SECTOR ORGANIZATIONS; MEDIATING ROLE OF WORKPLACE INCIVILITY
Authors:   Capital University of Science and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan, Akhtar Ayesha
Published: July 2021

The objective of the study was to examine the relationship between passive leadership and its outcomes in public sector organizations, with mediating role of workplace incivility. Data was collected from 245 government sector employees of Pakistan. SPSS was used to analyze data. Mediation analysis was carried out as per Preacher and Hayes (2008) bootstrapping method. Results indicate that both burnout and interpersonal conflict are not the direct outcomes of passive leadership; however, work place incivility is fully mediating the relationship between passive leadership and its outcomes that includes burnout and interpersonal conflict.
FINANCIAL DEVELOPMENT AND ECONOMIC GROWTH: PANEL CROSS - COUNTRY STUDY
Authors:   Pakistan Institute of Development Economics, Islamabad, Pakistan, Ullah Syed Fareed , Hashmi Shahid Mansoor ,   National Institute of Banking and Finance, Islamabad, Pakistan
Published: July 2021

This study aimed to examine the effect of financial development (FD) and private credit booms on economic growth. This study used the data of 58 countries (27 DCs and 31 LDCs), from the period 1973 to 2012, by applying the method of Panel Cointegration. This study involved the FD index made of four indicators of banking sector depth, activity, and efficiency indicators. The estimation results showed that LDCs gave more positively significant response to FD than DCs. This is because the LDCs’ financial systems are dominantly Bank based or their banking sector is more developed than other institutions and markets. Whereas, the credit boom to private sector (which is taken as indicator of FD) inversely affect the economic growth rate. Such relation can be caused by lack of credit recovery, more defaulting loans, insolvency, and huge public debt, that hence leads to a financial crash like that of 2008 financial crisis.
IMPACT OF INVASIVE ALIEN SPECIES ON BIODIVERSITY AND POPULATION STRUCTURE IN
MORNI HILLS OF WESTERN HIMALAYA
Authors: Chandra Anup , Dhakad Ashok Kumar
Published: July 2021

Species diversity, especially in forests, is one of the most important indices used to evaluate forest productivity, sustainability of forest communities and its ecological functioning and stand structure. Invasive alien species (IAS) are usually considered to be the second greatest threat to biodiversity after habitat destruction. The present study aims to characterize estimate the species richness, dominance of certain species distribution and population structure of major species in the study areas i.e. Kalka, Morni and Pinjore forest range of Panchkula Forest Division, Haryana lies under the
Shiwalik mountain range of Western Himalaya. To achieve this, phytosociological study was carried out using quadrat method to assess the impact of IAS on plant diversity. We took twenty quardrats laid down in each site (10×10m for tree layer; 3×3m for shrubby layer and 1×1m for herbaceous flora) in both, invaded sites and control sites (without any IAS). In the study sites, Lantana camara was the major threat to the native flora. In general, diversity index (H) was higher at control site, however, species richness was found to be more in Lantana infested sites for trees and more or less equal for
herbs and shrubs in control sites. This indicates the invasion of L. camara after the establishment of tree species in study sites. In all sites, the seedlings have significant more number than saplings and trees. But the conversion of saplings into trees was poor as well as the production of seedlings and their survival rate was very less or drastically reduced. Thus, there is an urgent need of conservation and management of alien invasive species in Himalayas and other parts of Indian
forests. Lantana camara infestation can be managed if we utilize it for making handmade papers, handicrafts, baskets, toys, etc. by involving the self help groups and village forest communities.
Smart Data Analytics for Machine Learning Approach in 5G Network
Authors: Schaefer Camilla , Makatsaria Ana
Published: July 2021

Psychological radio innovation can possibly ameliorate the shortage of remote assets on the grounds that unlicensed clients can utilize remote assets just on the off chance that they no affect the tasks of authorized clients. Later, psychological radio CLOUD (CogCLOUD) will be built from numerous versatile SUs associated with one another in a circulated way, which can be sent for different applications, including smart vehicle frameworks. Notwithstanding, in CogCLOUD, channel exchanging is intrinsically important at whatever point an essential client with a permit shows up on the channel. Permitting optional clients to pick an accessible channel among a large range hence empowers dependable correspondence in this unique circumstance, yet correspondence qualities, for example, bottleneck transmission capacity, RTT would change with channel switch. Because of the change, TCP needs refresh the blockage window to utilize the accessible assets. TCP CRAHN was proposed for CogCLOUD. TCP CRAHN is first assessed in quite a while the bottleneck transmission capacity then RTT changes. Considering the outcomes, TCP CoBA is proposed to additionally increase the throughput of the above use cases. TCP CoBA refreshes the cwnd dependent on accessible cradle space in transfer hub upon channel switch, just as other correspondence attributes. Through recreations, we show that contrasted and TCP CRAHN, TCP CoBA increase the throughput by up to 200%.
Analysis on Digital Image Processing for Plant Health Monitoring
Authors: Granwehr Alina , Hofer Verena
Published: July 2021

The country's ability to become self-sufficient in food production is becoming increasingly important. Agriculture is the primary occupation of a large portion of the population in equatorial countries like India, where the climate is ideal for the spread of plants. Pests and diseases are in control of about 25% of crop loss, according to a recent study released by the Food and Agriculture Organization. Black spot, leaf spot, rust, mildew, and botrytis blight are the most common plant diseases. Deep learning is a relatively new research technique for image processing and pattern recognition that has been proven to be highly productive in detection of plant leaf diseases.
Intrusion Detection Scheme in Secure Zone Based System
Authors: Bandecchi Susan , Dascalu Nicoleta
Published: July 2021

Mobile Ad hoc Networks (MANETs) are short lived networks that are greatly utilized in many applications such as special outdoor events, for communications in regions having no wireless infrastructure as in natural disasters, military operations, mine site operations and urgent business meetings. The self-organizing properties of its nodes forming the network are rapidly deployable and possess no infrastructure. Hence securing MANETs is a primary concern due to the absence of a central infrastructure and node mobility for which Intrusion Detection System (IDS) has been adopted in addition to the primary lines of defence such as cryptography and authentication. A Hierarchical IDS, namely, the Zone based IDS, functions in MANETs based on node collaboration and detects network layer intrusions with better accuracy. The proposed Cross Layer Detection in cohesion with anomaly detection technique of Zone based IDS aids in detecting attacks originating from the deeper layers of protocol stack, namely, physical and MAC layer thus providing better monitoring and improving the detection accuracy in Zone based IDS. The simulation results showcase an effective increase in detection rates and reduced false positives.
Susceptibilidad a la ciprofloxacina en Salmonella enterica serotipo Typhi, no multidrogorresistente, 2017 a 2020
Authors: Oliva Marín José Eduardo , Villatoro Esmeralda , Torres Lucila , Grande Miguel Oscar
Published: July 2021

Introducción. Los patrones de susceptibilidad antimicrobiana de Salmonella enterica serotipo Typhi se han modificado globalmente durante las últimas tres décadas. Objetivo. Describir los patrones de susceptibilidad antimicrobiana de las cepas de Salmonella enterica Typhi, aisladas en El Salvador de enero 2017 a junio 2020. Metodología. Evaluación secundaria de las bases de datos del Laboratorio Nacional de Salud Pública, de los aislamientos de Salmonella enterica Typhi con sus respectivos antibiogramas, de muestras de pacientes que adolecieron de fiebre tifoidea en El Salvador, de enero 2017 a junio 2020. Resultados. 1406 aislamientos de Salmonella enterica Typhi fueron reportados. El 100 % de los aislamientos analizados presentó susceptibilidad a la ceftriaxona y a la azitromicina. El 99,9 % de los aislamientos analizados presentó susceptibilidad a la ampicilina, al cloranfenicol, a la tetraciclina y al trimetoprim-sulfametoxazol. Para ciprofloxacina, se detectó susceptibilidad en el 8,5% de las cepas analizadas, susceptibilidad intermedia en el 91,5% y resistencia en el 0,08 %. Conclusión. Los hallazgos son compatibles con lo reportado a nivel mundial: el desarrollo rápido de susceptibilidad intermedia o resistencia a la ciprofloxacina, una vez esta es adoptada como el tratamiento de elección para la fiebre tifoidea. En El Salvador, los antibióticos antes considerados como de primera línea contra Salmonella enterica Typhi, deben ser reciclados.
Glaucoma de células fantasmas secundario a Síndrome de Terson en un ojo fáquico
Authors: Lazo Rivas Armando Ernesto
Published: July 2021

Paciente masculino con antecedente de trauma craneoencefálico severo recibido en la unidad de emergencia con una puntuación en la escala de Glasgow de 3 puntos; se describió en la tomografía computarizada un hematoma frontal epidural y una hemorragia subdural aguda; fue intervenido quirúrgicamente por neurocirugía en la Unidad de Emergencias y posteriormente fue llevado a la unidad de cuidados intensivos donde durante la recuperación (2 meses) refirió disminución de la agudeza visual en ojo izquierdo; fue evaluado en el servicio de Oftalmología donde la agudeza visual del ojo derecho fue de 20/40 y en ojo izquierdo no percibe la luz, en la evaluación oftalmológica se evidencia la presión intraocular en ojo izquierdo de 44mmHg, abundante celularidad en cámara anterior y a la evaluación ultrasonografía de cámara vítrea se describe una imagen que se correlaciona con una aparente hemorragia vítrea. Se diagnostica con Glaucoma de células fantasmas y síndrome de Terson; se inicia tratamiento médico con antiglaucomatoso para el glaucoma de células fantasmas y expectante para el síndrome de Terson, a la semana debido a la pobre respuesta se realizó trabeculectomia y vitrectomía vía Pars plana, posterior al tratamiento oftalmológico, se describió una visión de ojo izquierdo de 20/200.
The Importance of Journal Publication in Community and Occupational Medicine in Indonesia
Authors: Wagiu Basrowi Ray
Published: July 2021

Research in community and occupational medicine field has grown rapidly in the last decade. In European countries such as Netherland, the contribution of authors in occupational health journal has even doubles in the past five years.1 Knowledge of community and occupational health medicine; which includes community, and occupational health and medicine, epidemiology, community nutrition, and health economics, is constantly growing, hence increase the need of journal submissions and reference searches. In this digital era, the role of web has greatly reduced the barriers for publishing and communicating scientific and research works outcome.2 Journals online in open access (OA) platform is one of many strategic methods with high impact and relevancy. With peer-reviewed method prior of publication, this model of publishing can be freely accessed.3

In Indonesia, there are still only few of open accessed journal publications in the field of community and occupational medicine. We understand the urge and importance of providing publication platform in this field, therefore The Association of Alumni of Occupational Medicine Magister Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia (ILUNI MKK FKUI) launches The Indonesian Journal of Community and Occupational Medicine (IJCOM) as an open access journal for the expansion of community and occupational medicine-related knowledge and acts as a media for authors to publish their researches.

IJCOM is the peer-reviewed, world scale scientific journal of community, occupational clinical, and epidemiology, community nutrition, and health economics. As the official journal of ILUNI MKK FKUI we committed to facilitate authors, academicians, students and health care professionals to share their science work in community and occupational medicine, as well as other related field includes epidemiology, community nutrition, family medicine, health economics and other public health research works. This Journal also act as the platform to provide learnings and recommendations in community and occupational medicine and related data for the development of good health practice for Indonesian community and the world.

We do realize that this first issue is a baby step for a greater future. We will definitely put our utmost effort and energy to develop and grow this journal to meet all the requirements of national accredited journal and ultimately a reputable international journal standard.
Effect of Methyl Ethyl Ketone (MEK) Organic Solvent Exposure on Incidence of Neurotoxicity in Shoe Manufacturing Workers
Authors: Episana Denta Aditya , Kekalih Aria , Fuk Liem Jen
Published: July 2021

Background: Shoe manufacturing factory workers in developing countries are daily exposed to complex mixtures of organic solvents. Chemical exposure occurs through inhalation / respiration and skin which can affect many physiological systems. The main chemical exposure to organic solvents in shoe manufacturing comes from the process of gluing and cleaning process by using organic solvents on footwear in the assembling section. Methyl ethyl ketone is one type of organic solvent which, when entering into the body through inhalation routes can cause irritation of the nose, throat, lungs and chest becomes congested. Acute neurotoxicity is a collection of symptoms in the central nervous system (central nervous system depression, psychomotor disorders, narcosis, drowsiness, headache, dizziness, dyspepsia, and nausea).

Method: The research design was a prospective cohort research consisting of 45 people for each high MEK exposed group and low exposed to MEK. Data collection was done by interview, physical examination, MEK level measurement of pre-shift urine and end-shift work, and filling out questionnaires Form Acute symptoms rating questionnaire at the beginning of work shift (07.00), 2 hours after work (09.00), break (12.00), 2 hours after break (15.00), and end of work shift (16.00).

Result: The incidence of acute neurotoxicity symptoms in the MEK-high exposed group based on the Acute Symptoms questionnaire was 51.1%. Age factor with symptoms of acute neurotoxicity in workers at PT. X with p value = 0.432, gender factor with p value = 0.162, education factor with p value = 0.897, nutritional status factor with p value = 0.865, alcohol habit factor with p value = 0.181, coffee drinking habit factor with p value = 0.265, and smoking habit factor with p value = 0.968, work duration factor with symptoms of acute neurotoxicity at worker in PT. X with p value = 0.533, and the use factor of personal protective equipment (PPE) with p value = 0.470. In this research, symptoms of acute neurotoxicity were dominant are fatigue (80%), headache (77.8%), nausea (71.1%), dizziness (66.7%), and feeling of intoxication (53.3%).

Conclusion: There are no subject and occupational factors that have a significant effect to the symptoms of acute neurotoxicity. Conducting isolation of other work areas for workers exposed to chemicals that because of high potential to harm other workers in the vicinity. Reassessing the hazard risk of using MEK substitutes with other chemicals that are of lower risk or replace with water-based solvents. Provide PPE eligible to all workers exposed to chemicals and workers around them. A PPE fit test is used for workers to feel comfortable while wearing it, giving strict sanctions to workers who do not consistently use personal protective equipment.
Artificial neural networks in the prediction of soil chemical attributes using apparent electrical conductivity
Authors: Silva Samuel A. , Lima Julião S. S. , Queiroz Daniel M. , Paiva Arlicélio Q. , Medauar Caique C. , Santos Railton O.
Published: July 2021

Aim of study: To use artificial neural networks (ANN) to predict the values and spatial distribution of soil chemical attributes from apparent soil electrical conductivity (ECa) and soil clay contents.Area of study: The study was carried out in an area of 1.2-ha cultivated with cocoa, located in the state of Bahia, Brazil.Material and methods: Data collections were performed on a sampling grid containing 120 points. Soil samples were collected to determine the attributes: clay, silt, sand, P, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+, S, pH, H+Al, SB, CTC, V, OM and P-rem. ECa was measured using the electrical resistivity method in three different periods related to soil sampling: 60 days before (60ECa), 30 days before (30ECa) and when collecting soil samples (0ECa). For the prediction of chemical and physical-chemical attributes of the soil, models based on ANN were used. As input variables, the ECa and the clay contents were used. The quality of ANN predictions was determined using different statistical indicators. Thematic maps were constructed for the attributes determined in the laboratory and those predicted by the ANNs and the values were grouped using the fuzzy k-means algorithm. The agreement between classes was performed using the kappa coefficient.Main results: Only P and K+ attributes correlated with all ANN input variables. ECa and clay contents in the soil proved to be good variables for predicting soil attributes.Research highlights: The best results in the prediction process of the P and K+ attributes were obtained with the combination of ECa and the clay content.
Learning Innovation of Area-Based Approach to Sustainable Development Goals of Highland Community Resources Management of Social Studies Teachers in the Northern Thailand
Authors: Mangkhang Charin
Published: July 2021

The research aimed to study the context of area-based approach learning management and guidelines of area-based approach learning management for sustainable highland community resource management of social studies teachers in the learning center for Thai hill tribe communities in northern Thailand. The method of qualitative research was used. Purposive sampling was conducted to obtain key informants which were social studies teachers of the highland learning center, accounting for 285 people. This area is a development area of the royal project. Learning center for Thai hill tribe communities in northern Thailand have accessed to organize social studies teaching at the basic education level. The tools used in the research consisted of in-depth interviews and focus group discussion recording. Then, content analysis was conducted.

From the research result, it was found that the context of area-based approach learning management for sustainable highland community resources management of social studies teachers consisted of: executing the process of area-based management by surveying and collecting village data to be used as knowledge in learning management for pre-school students and students of basic education and the illiterate; developing occupations for the interested group in communities; developing life skills by using the method of coordination with community leaders; building local networks; participating in meeting with the community ;and exchanging information in order to inform people in the community of external exchanges. Regarding the use of area-based knowledge of social studies teachers, they have implemented the knowledge until this has brought about guidelines for promoting community resources management. For example, the community has participatory development plans. The community has networks of natural resources and environmental conservation and citizens have local conscience. Results of sustainable highland development are the fact that the community has strong power in conserving traditions, inheriting tribe cultures, establishing local herbal plants groups to take care of community health. Moreover, there are groups developing local products, building community declarations and regulations for living together in the community peacefully. The guidelines of area-based approach learning management for sustainable highland community resource management of social studies teachers consisted of 5 components which were FPCIL, namely (1) F: Facilitator, (2) P: Participatory assessment and planning, (3) C: Community capital value added, (4) I: Innovation of knowledge and (5) L: Lesson-learned.
Reviewer Acknowledgements for International Business Research, Vol. 14, No. 8
Authors: Duran Kevin
Published: July 2021

Reviewer Acknowledgements for International Business Research, Vol. 14, No. 8, 2021