bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ANALYSIS OF THE MONETARY POLICY OF THE CENTRAL BANK OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
Authors:   Stavropol State Agrarian University, Stavropol, Russia, Sklyarov Igor Yu. , Sklyarova Yulia M. ,   Stavropol State Agrarian University, Stavropol, Russia, Latysheva Lyudmila A. ,   Stavropol State Agrarian University, Stavropol, Russia
Published: February 2025

The monetary policy of the Central Bank of the Russian Federation is an important component in maintaining economic stability and stimulating growth in a changing economic and geopolitical environment. The article examines the main stages of monetary policy development, the transition to inflation targeting, and measures taken in response to external shocks, including the COVID‑19 pandemic and the 2022 sanctions. The analysis of the methods and tools used by the Central Bank of the Russian Federation, their impact on macroeconomic indicators, and the prospects for the development of monetary policy in the context of global changes and structural reforms are discussed.
CURRENT STATE OF THE RUSSIAN STOCK MARKET AND ITS DEVELOPMENT PROSPECTS
Authors:   Stavropol State Agrarian University, Stavropol, Russia, Uglitskikh Olga N. , Sizon Yulia E. ,   Stavropol State Agrarian University, Stavropol, Russia
Published: February 2025

The authors consider the current state of the Russian stock market and the prospects for its development. The current state of the Russian securities market is analyzed, namely the dynamics of the IMOEX and RTS indexes, its capitalization and the volume of trades carried out with assets circulating on the market under consideration. Because of the study, the main problems of the stock market development were identified, as well as the prospects and directions of its development.
ASSESSMENT OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE FUNCTIONING OF AGRICULTURAL SEGMENTS
Authors:   State Government Institution of the Republic of Mordovia «Scientific Center for Socio-Economic Monitoring», Saransk, Russia, Khramova Elena A.
Published: February 2025

From the standpoint of socio-economic knowledge, the desire for the successful functioning of the agricultural structure is associated with a revision of goals and objectives, which must be clarified in accordance with the requirements of a rapidly changing economic situation. In this regard, new approaches are needed, in particular, an AI approach to assessing the functioning of segments of the agricultural structure and the rationality of decisions on changes taking place in modern economic conditions. Consequently, the priority of using artificial intelligence technologies to assess the effectiveness of the functioning of segments of the agricultural structure as a subject of scientific research is becoming increasingly important.
USE OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES: PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS
Authors:   Russian Peoples’ Friendship University named after Patrice Lumumba, Moscow, Russia, Ovchinnikova Oksana P. , Ivanov Anton M. ,   Russian Peoples’ Friendship University named after Patrice Lumumba, Moscow, Russia, Kabachkov German A. ,   Russian Peoples’ Friendship University named after Patrice Lumumba, Moscow, Russia, Dautova Daria T. ,   Russian Peoples’ Friendship University named after Patrice Lumumba, Moscow, Russia
Published: February 2025

Today, artificial intelligence is gaining ground in various areas of human activity, including education. The debate about whether artificial intelligence should be used in higher education continues unabated, and the academic community is divided. However, the reality is that artificial intelligence is increasingly taking over the educational space and the task of universities is to properly organize this interaction. In this article, the authors consider artificial intelligence as a tool for adapting university educational programs, including the analysis of foreign experience. The authors found that most educational platforms that use artificial intelligence successfully integrate it into educational programs. In addition, given the propensity of young people to use technological solutions, artificial intelligence becomes more of an ally of the learner, qualitatively increasing the effect of training, which was shown by the authors of the article.
DEVELOPMENT OF COGNITIVE ACTIVITY OF COLLEGE STUDENTS USING INTERACTIVE TEACHING METHODS IN THE STUDY OF ECONOMIC DISCIPLINES
Authors:   Chechen State University named after A. A. Kadyrov, Suleymanova Tamila Z. , Shadieva Movlatkhan Yu. ,   Ingush State University, Kochetkova Alla A. ,   Grozny State Petroleum Technical University named after Academician M. D. Millionshchikov
Published: February 2025

Economic disciplines, being the sciences of the behavior of economic agents, focus on the analysis of the production and distribution of limited resources in order to maximize public welfare — this field of knowledge intersects with other disciplines (sociology, political science, psychology), however, economic analysis uses unique methodological approaches focused on quantitative assessments, modeling and forecasting.
Opportunities and Challenges of Geographical Indications in Central Asia
Authors: Fritz Heiko
Published: February 2025

Geographical indications (GIs) are defined as “a sign used on products that have a specific geographical origin and possess qualities or a reputation that are due to that origin”. GIs have become potentially beneficial trademarks for domestic and international trade in agricultural products. Among the benefits of GIs are improved consumer information; higher incomes for farmers and food processors; sustainable regional development; conservation of traditional production methods and cultural heritage; and the accumulation of social capital. However, in developing countries, highly asymmetric power relations among actors across the value chain, weak institutions, and poor governance can impede the realization of benefits from GI in the region. While a GI law has been effective in Tajikistan since 2007; Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, and Uzbekistan adopted GI laws between 2021 and 2023. The objective of this paper is to assess the potential and the risks of GIs in Central Asia. First, the paper provides an overview of the legal and institutional environment for GIs in Central Asia. Second, the paper critically reviews activities of international organizations and actors in development cooperation to promote GI initiatives in the region. The third section of the paper discusses selected aspects specific to GI initiatives in Central Asia, including the implications of institutional legacies from the Soviet period, colonial borders and unresolved border disputes between independent states, and nomad circular migration that may involve challenges for the regional definition of an origin product. The paper draws on information collected from the academic literature, policy documents, and expert interviews.
Trends and Patterns of Accumulation of Non-Performing Loans in the Banking Sector of Uzbekistan
Authors: Rustamov Jonibek
Published: February 2025

This article provides a comprehensive overview of the banking sector in Uzbekistan, with a particular focus on the trend and patterns of non-performing loans (NPLs) accumulation. The data in the article offer insights into the share of NPLs in total loans across banks over several periods, underscoring the importance of assessing asset quality and risk management practices of banks in order to support policy decisions and investment strategies. The analysis reveals that banks generally exhibit a slightly higher ratio of NPLs to total loans compared to the pre-pandemic period, highlighting the fluctuation of NPL ratios over time, particularly during the pandemic. Furthermore, it provides a breakdown of NPL accumulation by sector, indicating the industrial sector as the largest contributor to NPLs, followed by the agricultural sector. Especially, the mean of quarterly NPL ratios for Uzbek banks from 2017 to 2023 is discussed, revealing an increase in the NPL ratios in 2021 as compared to the previous year. The data in the article describe the relationship between quarterly outstanding loans and NPLs for banks over the same period. The analysis particularly focuses on NPL accumulation trends and sector-specific contributions, which are of significant concern. The study's findings are of paramount importance for stakeholders, policymakers, and investors, as they offer crucial insights into the credit risk, asset quality, and performance of banks in Uzbekistan.
Localizing Heritage Commission’s Website in Saudi Arabia (Arabic –English) Between Domestication and Foreignization
Authors: Almanjumi Atheer
Published: February 2025

The current paper discusses the localization of the Heritage Commission's website in Saudi Arabia concerning Venuti's foreignization and domestication strategies. The study examines the translation strategies involved in localizing the Heritage Commission’s website in Saudi Arabia from Arabic to English. In addition, to investigate the most common strategy used in localizing the website. Therefore, the comparative qualitative and quantitative methods will analyze the data collected. Observations while studying indicate that the procedure for literal translation, transliteration, and descriptive equivalence is closely related to foreignization. It is noted that transposition, omission, addition and adaptation will be included in domesticating procedures. The study revealed that the website can be localized by domestication or foreignization depending upon the factors affecting the text, such as culture. Foreignization is the most frequently used method of localizing the Heritage Commission website in Saudi Arabia.
IDENTIFICATION OF HAZARDS ARISING IN THE OPERATION
OF UNDERWATER PIPELINES
Authors: Ramiz Ismayilov, Nurlan Abdullazade Ramiz Ismayilov, Nurlan Abdullazade
Published: February 2025

The development of new technologies requires caution when using both old and new ideas. Pipelines are one of the safest ways to transport oil and gas. However, there are flaws and cracks in the pipelines. Therefore, the assessment of these defects is very important for the future safe operation of the offshore pipeline. The safety of subsea pipelines made of high-strength steel with a longitudinally oriented flaw in the form of a longitudinal semi-elliptical impermeable crack when loaded with working pressure is an actual problem and of theo¬re¬ti¬cal and practical interest. Currently, special attention is paid to the issues of industrial safety of oil and gas facilities, including underwater pipelines. The solution of these issues is closely related to the analysis and assessment of risks based on various existing methods actively used in international practice.
Keywords: offshore pipelines, crack resistance, security, exploitation, defects, cracks.
CALCULATION OF THE OPTIMAL INNER DIAMETER OF THE CONTACT TUBE FOR ISOBUTYLENE OXIDATION ON Sb-Sn CATALYST
Authors: Adygozel Huseynov, Narmina Aliyeva Adygozel Huseynov, Narmina Aliyeva , Sevinj Guliyeva Sevinj Guliyeva
Published: February 2025

In order to simplify the reactor design, it is advisable to increase the internal diameter of the tube. However, the increasing temperature along the radius of the tube due to a decrease in the heat exchange surface per unit volume of the catalyst and, as a consequence, increasing parametric sensitivity greatly complicates process control. Intensification of heat removal by increasing the linear speed of the reaction mixture leads to an increase in the hydraulic resistance of the apparatus, i.e. to deterioration of its performance indicators. Reducing the internal diameter of the tube improves heat transfer, but on the other hand, it increases the metal consumption of the apparatus, complicates its design, reduces the reliability of the system as a whole, and makes loading the catalyst more difficult.
Keywords: isobutylene, methacrolein, reactor, catalyst, oxidation.
CLEAN-UP OF OIL-CONTAMINATED LAND IN AZERBAIJAN
Authors: Matanat Huseynova, Nargiz Bagirova Matanat Huseynova, Nargiz Bagirova , Farid Atakishiyev Farid Atakishiyev
Published: February 2025

At present, as a result of anthropogenic activities, there is a large-scale pollution of the environment with harmful substances. Oil and oil products are one of the main environmental pollutants. Soil is under special stress, its morphological and physico-chemical properties tend to degrade, its self-purifying capacity is depressed, negative changes occur in the development and functional activity of organisms of the soil biocenosis. Limited land resources make it an urgent task to return all disturbed and degraded soils to economic use. From this point of view, the work devoted to the cleaning of soils from oil and oil products pollution is topical. The aim of the work was to compare two types of biotechnology used for cleaning of soils contaminated with oil and oil products using the method of activation of natural microflora with the introduction of microorganisms in the form of a biopreparation.
Keywords: bioremediation, microflora activation, soil restoration, oil-oxidizing microorganisms, microbiological cleaning, soil self-purification.
IMPLEMENTING COVERT CHANNELS OVER MESSAGİNG PLATFORMS
Authors: Gunay Huseynova Gunay Huseynova
Published: February 2025

In the modern world Internet is basic communication vehicle between people. Every day it carries different types of information from one side of network to the other. A question arises here. How safe is İnternet for our confidential data?
Acording to percentage of users of messaging platforms text containers can be one of the most ideal way of hiding information. Note that methods of hiding information in texts are called text or linguistic steganography. This article also discusses the creation of secret channels for exchanging confidential data using the Emoji linguistic steganography method. Most of Internet users prefer to use emoji instead of word during conversation. That is reason emoji is good feature for hiding confidential data.
Keywords: confidential data, Text steganography, Messenger, WhatsApp, Telegram, Line.
TEKSTİL MÜƏSSİSƏLƏRİNDƏ METROLOJİ TƏMİNATA MÜASİR YANAŞMALARIN TƏTBİQİNİN BEYNƏLXALQ TƏCRÜBƏSİ VƏ İQTİSADİ SƏMƏRƏLİLİYİ
Authors: Mehriban Zeynalova, Gülnarə Məmmədova Mehriban Zeynalova, Gülnarə Məmmədova
Published: February 2025

Metrologiya müddəaları eksperimental, ölçmə və nəzarət avadanlıqlarının idarə edilməsi ilə bağlı fəaliyyətlərin həyata keçirilməsinə kömək edir. Metrologiya keyfiyyət idarəetmə sistemini hazırlayarkən ISO 9001-in bütün prinsipləri tətbiq edilməlidir, lakin bu standartları müəssisədə tətbiq etməzdən əvvəl onlar metroloji dəstəyə uyğun olaraq şərh edilməlidir.Metroloji təminat keyfiyyətin idarə edilməsində mühüm rol oynayır, hazır məhsulların müxtəlif parametrlərinin, eləcə də ümumilikdə istehsal fəaliyyətinin dəqiq ölçülməsi təmin edilir. Bunun nəticəsidir ki, məhsullar istehlakçıların tələblərinə tam cavab verir və müəssisə səmərəli istehsalat həyata keçirir, yüksək iqtisadi göstəricilərə nail olur.
Bu, yüksək rəqabət mühitində ölçmə dəqiqliyinə, əməliyyat performansına və ümumi biznesin dayanıqlığına birbaşa təsir göstərir. Son illərdə texnologiyanın və innovativ ölçmə üsullarının inkişafı məhsulun keyfiyyətinin yüksəldilməsi, istehsal proseslərinin optimallaşdırılması və xərclərin azaldılması üçün yeni imkanlar yaradıb. Qloballaşma şəraitində tekstil sənayesi məhsulun keyfiyyətinə artan tələblərlə üzləşir ki, bu da müasir texnologiyaların, o cümlədən avtomatlaşdırma, rəqəmsallaşdırma və innovativ ölçmə üsullarının tətbiqini tələb edir. Məqalədə tekstil sənayesində metroloji təminata müasir yanaşmaların tətbiqi üzrə beynəlxalq təcrübəni araşdırır və onların iqtisadi səmərəliliyini təhlil edilir. Avtomatlaşdırma, rəqəmsal texnologiyaların istifadəsi və metrologiya sistemlərinin qlobal təchizat zəncirlərinə inteqrasiyası üsulları müzakirə olunur. Təhlil əsasında yerli müəssisələrdə istifadə üçün uyğunlaşdırıla bilən qabaqcıl təcrübələr haqqında nəticələr çıxarılır.
Açar sözlər: metroloji təminat, müəssisə, istehsal, səmərəlilik, texnologiya, avtomatlaşdırma, innovasiya.
LABORATORİYA ŞƏRAİTİNDƏ YENİ KA SERİYALI KOMPOZİSİYALARIN XASSƏLƏRİNİN TƏDQİQİ
Authors: Hüseyn Qurbanov, Aysel Qasımzadə Hüseyn Qurbanov, Aysel Qasımzadə , Zeynəb Abdullayeva Zeynəb Abdullayeva
Published: February 2025

Hal-hazırda neft sənayesində günün tələblərindən irəli gələn və həlli vacib sayılan məsələlərdən biri də məhz anomal xassəli neftlərin quyudan hasili zaman lay suyu ilə birgə əmələ gətirdiyi aqreqativ və kinetik davamlılığa malik su-neft emulsiyasının dərindən deemulsasiyasını həyata keçirtməkdir. Mədən təcrübəsi göstərmişdir ki, məhz bu tip emulsiyalarının parçalanmasında fərdi deemulqatorların tətbiq edilməsi gözlənilən nəticəni vermir. Ona görə də dayanıqlı emulsioyaların parçalanması üçün daha çox səthi aktibvlik xassəsinə malik reagentlərin axtarışı, hazırlanması və laboratoriya şəraitində xassələrinin tədqiqi olduqca vacib məsələdir. Bu baxımdan qeyd olunan problemin həlli üçün reagentlərin qarışığından istifadəsi elmi cəhətdən məqsədəuyğundur. Belə ki, müxtəlif reagentlərin müxtəlif mol nisbətində qarışması zamanı müsbət sinergetik effektin yaranması ilə müşahidə olunur. Qeyd olunanlara əsaslanaraq çapa təqdim olunan bu məqalədə məhz laboratoriya şəraitində hazırlanmış KA seriyalı yeni kompozisiyalardan KA-1, KA-2 və KA-3 kompozisiyalarının anomal xassəli neftlərdə formalaşan su-neft emulsiyasının deemulsasiyasına təsirinin nəticələri öz əksini tapmışdır. KA seriyalı yeni kompozisiyalarının iştirakı ilə aqreqativ və kinetik dayanıqlığa malik su-neft emulsiyaların deemulsasiya prosesi müxtəlif temperaturlarda və iki saat müddətində yerinə yetirilmişdir. Proses zamanı Abşeronneft, Sanqaçal və Daşgil yatağı neft nümunələrindən istifadə edilmişdir. Onlarında sulaşma dərəcəsi uyğun olaraq 35%, 32%, 30% təşkil etmişdir. KA-1, KA-2 və KA-3 kompozisiyalarının optimal qatılığı çox saylı təcrübələr əsasında təyin edilmişdir. Müəyyən edilmişdir ki, hər üç kompozisiyasının Abşeronneft, Sanqaçal və Daşgil yatağı neft nümunələri üçün optimal qatılığı uyğun olaraq 500q/t, 150q/t və 300q/t-dur.
Açar sözlər: deemulsasiya, anomal neftlər, kompozisiya, emulsiya, təsir effekti, reagent, deemulqator.
QIZIL BÖLGÜ QAYDASI İLƏ ÇANTA MƏSƏLƏSİNİN SUBOPTİMAL HƏLLİNİN TAPILMASI ALQORİTMİ
Authors: Nazim Məmmədov, Aytac Hüseynova Nazim Məmmədov, Aytac Hüseynova
Published: February 2025

Məqalədə çanta probleminin xüsusi halının həlli üsulu nəzərdən keçirilir. Məsələnin riyazi modeli qurulmuş, həll metodunda qızıl nisbət qaydasından istifadə edilmişdir. Nəticə olaraq, problemin suboptimal həlli və bu həllin tapılması alqoritmi ilə əldə edilən nəticələr aydın şəkildə təqdim edilmişdir.
Çanta problemi 19-cu əsrin əvvəllərində ən çox həll edilən problemlərdən biri idi. Çünki inkişaf mərhələlərinə uyğun olaraq fabrik və fabriklər cəmiyyətdə aktuallaşırdı. Buna görə də real vaxtda fabriklər qarşısında bəzi problemlər yaranmış, bu problemlərin həlli əsnasında riyazi model əldə edilmiş torba məsələsinə əsaslanmışdır. Yəni fabrik böyük bir sualla üzləşdi: hansı məhsulu istehsal etmək üçün hansı xammaldan və nə qədər istifadə edilməlidir ki, satışdan gələn gəlir maksimum olsun.
Açar sözlər: çanta məsələsi, qızıl bölgü qaydası, iqtisadi məsələnin riyazi interpretasiyası, optimal həll, suboptimal və ya təqribi həll, çanta məsələsinin sağ tərəfinə görə zəmanətli suboptimal həll.
GEOFİZİKİ MƏLUMATLARA GÖRƏ AŞAĞI KÜR ÇÖKƏKLİYİNİN DƏRİN TEKTONİK ƏLAMƏTLƏRİ
Authors: Bəylər Aslanov, Güllü Əhmədzadə Bəylər Aslanov, Güllü Əhmədzadə
Published: February 2025

Məqalə, regional profillərin keçdiyi Aşağı Kür çökəkliyinin ŞmŞq yamacında Paleogen-Miosen çöküntüləri güman olunan Mezozoy (?) kompleksinə pazlaşdığı ərazidədir. Eyni zamanda, Pliosen və altda yatan çöküntülərə görə bir sıra antiklinal qurşaqlar və bu qurşaqlara pazlaşma xətləri qeyd olunur. Məlum olduğu kimi, Mezozoy çöküntülərinin geoloji quruluşu barədə Saatlı sahəsində qazılmış ÇD-1 quyusunda 4070 m dərinlikdə vulkanogen çöküntüləri açılmış, bu səbəbdən, tədqiqatçılar tərəfindən fərz olunmuşdur ki, ərazidə Mezozoyun Yura yaşlı vulkanogen çöküntüləri ola bilər ki, kristallik təməlin bilavasitə üzərində yatması da güman olunur.
Profillərin zaman və dinamik kəsilişlərinə görə, Mezozoy kompleksinin dalğa mənzərəsi çox mürəkkəbdir. Bəzi yerlərdə qısa, lakin intensiv, bəzi yerlərdə isə zəif, lakin davamlı əksolunmalarla xarakterizə olunur. R1801 saylı profilin qərb hissəsində Kaynozoy çöküntülərinin tektonikası dəyişir və Neogen çöküntüləri az qalınlıqla özündən altda yatan kompleksi örtür.
Açar sözlər: Kür ovalığı, geomorfologiya, seysmik kəşfiyyatı, regional profillər, zaman və dinamik kəsilişləri.
LAMİNAR AXINLARIN XÜSUSİ HALLARININ HİDRAVLIK MEYARLARI
Authors: Elman İskəndərov, Fidan İsmayılova Elman İskəndərov, Fidan İsmayılova , Məhəmməd Şükürlü, Məhəbbət Həsənova Məhəmməd Şükürlü, Məhəbbət Həsənova , Ramin Ağasənli Ramin Ağasənli
Published: February 2025

Hidravlik məsələlərin öyrənilməsi üçün real obyektlərdə təcrübə-sınaq işlərinin həyata keçirilməsi çox baha başa gəldiyindən əksər hallarda mümkün olmur. Ona görə də, ayrı-ayrı sahələrin modelləri üzərində labaratoriya şəraitində təcrübələr aparılır, tədqiqat işləri yerinə yetirilir. Modellər, bir qayda olaraq, real sahələrin və ya axınların kiçik təsvirləri olduğundan modelin qurulması elə yerinə yetirilməlidir ki, onu konkret sahəyə və ya prosesə aid etmək mümkün olsun. Yəni, modellər üzərində əldə edilmiş nəticələri ümumiləşdirmək naturaya keçirmək çətinlik yaratmasın. Bunun üçün, natura və modeldə həndəsi ölçülərin, axınların əsas xarakteristikalarının nisbətlərini təyin etmək üçün oxşarlıq nəzəriyyəsinə əsaslanan qanunlardan istifadə olunur.
Məqalədə mayenin laminar axını zamanı, rast gəlinən xüsusi halların hidrodinamik araşdırılması məsələlərinə baxılmışdır. Boruda hərəkəti zamanı sürətin paylanması dinamikası araşdırılmış, ona təsir edən amillər tədqiq edilmişdir. Mayenin laminar axını üçün xarakterik olan sürətin parabolik profilinin formalaşdığı yerin koordinatlarının təyin edilməsi ilə xüsusi axın formalı zona (başlanğıc zona) sayılan laminar hərəkət zonasının uzunluğu tapılmışdır. İstilik dəyişilməsi ilə baş verən axınlar zamanı özlülüyün dəyişilməsi və onun mayenin sərfinə təsiri tədqiq edilmişdir.
Açar sözlər: laminar axın, sürətin paylanması, özlülük, başlanğıc zonanın uzunluğu, stabilləşmə zonası, istilik dəyişməsi, mayenin sərfi.
HİDROGEN İSTEHSAL XƏTTİ ÜÇÜN TƏZYİQƏ NƏZARƏT SİSTEMİ
Authors: Fərid Ağayev, Mahir Quliyev Fərid Ağayev, Mahir Quliyev
Published: February 2025

Xalq təsərrüfatının bir çox sahələrində texniki məhsul kimi istifadə olunan hidrogenin alınması üsulları, bu üsulların üstünlükləri və çatışmazlıqları təhlil edilir, xüsusən də adsorbsiya üsulu ilə hidrogenin alınması prosesində yaranan problemlər, onların həll yolları təhlil edilmiş, adsorbsiya üsulunun izahı verilmiş, hidrogen istehsalının texnoloji sxemi və onun təsviri verilmiş, hidrogen istehsalı qurğusunu məhsuldarlıq baxımından optimal istehsal rejiminə gətirmək üçün tənzimləmə zamanı nəzarət edilməli olan əsas parametrlər müəyyən edilmişdir. Qeyd edilmişdir ki, təbii qazın emalını təmin edən bütün bloklar qazın nəqli və istehlakçıların istifadəsi üçün ümumi təmizlənməsi üçün istifadə olunan texnoloji bloklarla demək olar ki, eynidir. Alınmış hidrogenin keyfiyyəti və miqdarı müxtəlif dəyişənlərdən - təbii qazın tərkibindən, temperaturundan, sürətindən və təzyiqindən, eləcə də absorbentin keyfiyyətindən, onun udma qabiliyyətindən asılıdır. Qaz axınının sərfinin təshih edilməsi üçün daraldıcı qurğuda təzyiq və temperaturun ölçülməsinə əsaslanan alqoritmər və ifadələr təqdim olunur ki, bu da axının sürətini daraldıcı qurğunun giriş və çıxışındakı təzyiqlər fərqinə əsasən təyin etmək üçün istifadə olunmuşdur. Bundan əlavə, adsorbsiya qurğusunun girişinə verilən qaz axınının sıxlığa əsasən təshih edilməsi üçün alqoritm verilmişdir. İstehsalat xətlərində təzyiqin avtomatik tənzimlənməsi sistemi işlənib hazırlanarkən nəzərə alınmalı olan məsələlər müəyyən edilmiş, tullantı qazının, texnoloji xətdəki qazın və məşələ buraxılan qazın optimal təzyiqlərinə nəzarət üçün həlli vacib olan problemlər müəyyən edilmiş, həmin problemlərin aradan qaldırılması yolları araşdırılmışdır. Proqramlaşdırılan məntiq kontroller əsasında göstərilən xətlərin hər birində təzyiqin avtomatik tənzimlənməsi sistemlərinin (alt sistemlərin) ümumiləşdirilmiş strukturları təklif olunur.
Açar sözlər: təbii qaz, hidrogen, adsorbsiya, təzyiq, nəzarət sistemi
BioHackEU24 report: Creating user benefit from ARC-ISA RO-Crate machine-actionability & Increasing FAIRness of digital agrosystem resources by extending Bioschemas
Authors: Beier Sebastian , Arend Daniel , Bauer Daniel , Brandizi Marco , Brilhaus Dominik , Chadwick Eli , Clemens Vera , Crusoe Michael Robin , Feser Manuel , Grieb Jonas , Hu Xiaoming , Miller Abigail , Mühlhaus Timo , Owen Stuart , Rey Maja , Schneider Gabriel , Schneider Julian , Schneider Kevin , Weil Heinrich Lukas , Wetzels Florian
Published: February 2025

As part of the BioHackathon Europe 2024, we here report on the progress that both project 19 and project 24 have made during the event. For the purpose of this report we will present the abstract of both projects and then dive deeper on what work was done during the BioHackathon.
No Association of Upstream Transcription Factor 1 gene (USF1) 306 G>A with Homocysteine level among Bidayuh Ethnic Groups in Sarawak Population
Authors: Mustapha Mohd Aminudin
Published: February 2025

This study was conducted to determine the polymorphic allele and genotype frequencies of USF1 306 G>A with homocysteine level and lipid profiles in Bidayuh ethnic group. It aimed to elucidate the association of the polymorphic allele and genotypes with lipid profiles such as total cholesterol (TC), high- density lipoprotein (HDL), low- density lipoprotein (LDL) and homocysteine level in Bidayuh ethnic group in Sarawak. One hundred and forty (140) individuals of the Bidayuh ethnic group were recruited as the study subjects. The Allele Specific PCR (AS-PCR) was used in the genotyping. Association of genotype frequencies and clinical profile was assessed using One Way ANOVA. As for the association of allele frequencies and clinical profile, Independent Sample T test was used. Genotype frequency and allele frequencies of Upstream Transcription Factor 1 (USF 1) 306 G>A not associated with homocysteine level and other lipid profile among Bidayuh ethnic group. Our results show that the genetic diversity of USF1 gene and allele does not influence the susceptibility of homocysteine level among Bidayuh ethnic group of the Malaysian population.
Simple and Low-Cost Visual Inspection of Engineering Control in Science Laboratories
Authors: Alias Ahmad Nazib , A. Aziz Rosmawati , Amni Abdullah Nurul , Mohamed Zabidi Zubainun
Published: February 2025

To control chemical hazard, engineering control is one of the Hierarchy of Controls that protects workers from chemical hazard. Engineering control is accomplished by removing hazardous conditions by placing a barrier between the worker and the hazard. Local ventilation system is widely used in laboratories to remove any chemical agents that are released from any chemical reactions. The importance of these ventilation systems is to prevent any health complications to persons in the laboratory due to chemical exposure. İn this paper, the effects and effectiveness of sash height to vapor source position to effectiveness of local exhaust ventilation (LEV) system were studied and identified using vapor flow from the stimulated carbon dioxide (CO2) and water vapor. Eight LEVs were inspected. The stimulated vapor as a tracer was produced by mixing dry ice into hot-boiled water (100oC). The dispersion stimulated CO2 and water vapor inside and outside the LEV system, and this can predict the efficiency of LEV systems based on visual inspection. The results revealed that each LEV showed a different time taken to draw out the vapor from the inside of the fume hood.
Milk Composition and Antioxidant Activity of Butterfly Pea (Clitoria ternatea L.) Goat Milk
Authors: Ibrahim Noor Syaheera
Published: February 2025

In Malaysia, the popularity of goat milk has increased due to its health benefits, therapeutic properties, and religious significance. The extract of butterfly pea is rich in antioxidants, which can neutralize free radicals. Combining butterfly pea flowers with goat milk enhances the nutritional profile of the dairy product. The objective of the study was to develop butterfly pea goat milk with varying amounts of butterfly pea powder. The varied concentrations used were as follows: G1 (0%) as a control, G2 (1%), G3 (2%), G4 (3%), G5 (4%), and G6 (5%). The study has two main objectives: to determine the composition of butterfly pea goat milk and to evaluate the antioxidant properties of the milk at various doses. The milk output from Saanen goats at Pasir Akar Farm, UniSZA was recorded to be approximately 1.28 litres per goat (n=7). The milk production will be subjected to vat pasteurization at a temperature of 60°C for a duration of 30 minutes. The butterfly pea concentration will be prepared using various formulations, including a control with 0% concentration, as well as concentrations of 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, and 5%. The milk samples were gathered and treated at UniSZA, Besut, Terengganu, and then subjected to pasteurization at Pasir Akar Farm. The assessment of antioxidant activity was conducted by the utilization of Total Phenolic Content (TPC), Ferric Reducing Ability of Plasma (FRAP), and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH). The study revealed that the optimal composition including 5% butterfly pea (BP) milk had elevated levels of protein, solid-non-fat (SNF), and lactose content. The antioxidant activities showed that 5% had the highest antioxidant compared to other concentrations of butterfly pea goat milk. Flavoured milk exhibited a superior nutritional profile and demonstrated the highest level of antioxidant activity, hence providing a multitude of health advantages for human consumption.
The Analysis of Student Teacher’s Lesson Plan in Implementing Student-Centered Learning Approach
Authors: Sumarniningsih Sumarniningsih , Ramadhan Rizki , Dwi Iswati Henny , Asning Tias Silfia , Chakim Nur
Published: February 2025

One of the key instruments to support teaching and learning process is the lesson plan. Developing a lesson plan can help teachers facilitate the lesson, set the teaching goals and learning objectives, organize and manage the teaching and learning activities, and set the means to accomplish them. This research aims to investigate the aspect taken in lesson plan in implementing student-centered learning approach and how it is implemented in the classroom. A qualitative method was employed to analyze as many as 6 lesson plans developed by 6 PPG Unesa student teachers. The data were gathered from document analysis. The documents were lesson plans and teaching videos. The theories were composed from several frameworks that were utilized to measure the aspects of student-centered learning approach in lesson plan such as active learning instruction, teacher as facilitator, differentiated instruction, and formative assessment. In conclusion, the implementation of this approach was still facing some challenges. These include a limited range of instructional materials, language proficiency issues, the use of repetitive activities, and a lack of feedback, which can impede the efficacy of a student-centered approach.
Analisa SWOT-AHP untuk Penentuan Strategi Pembelajaran Proyek dalam Pengembangan Pendidikan Karakter pada Sekolah Menengah Atas di Kabupaten Kapuas
Authors: Merliana Ni Putu Eka , Widyantara I Made Oka , Wirastuti Ni Made Ary Esta Dewi , Saputra Komang Oka , Widyanto I Putu
Published: February 2025

The project-based learning model is one of the strategies used to increase student engagement and motivation, especially in supporting the development of character education. However, in its application, project learning faces challenges such as taking a long time, causing students to feel bored, and not all students are fully and evenly active in the learning process. This has an impact on the non-achievement of learning objectives in the development of character education. This study aims to identify the factors needed to improve the quality of project learning implementation for character education development. The strategy analysis used in the study uses external as well as internal factors analysis with SWOT and AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process). The method used in this study is a mixed method with an exploratory sequential design, which collects data qualitatively, namely through interviews and observations, which are then followed by quantitative analysis by distributing questionnaires to respondents. The results show that internal factors, namely innovative and digitalized school management, are the main strengths in implementing project learning for character education development. On the other hand, external factors show significant opportunities for driving schools to support this learning while considering external threats. The top priority strategy recommended in character education development is to utilize technology for innovative learning that increases student engagement. This strategy aims to provide space for students to make progress in cognitive, affective and psychomotor aspects. The main focus in project learning is to ensure students are actively engaged, so an innovative, technology-based approach is needed that allows students to explore, think critically and develop themselves.
Problem Based Learning A Pathway to Critical Thinking and Digital Literacy in Geography
Authors: Rokhman Ayla Yuli , Rusijono Rusijono , Susarno Lamijan Hadi
Published: February 2025

21st-century skills, such as critical thinking and digital literacy, have become essential in modern learning. This study aims to examine the impact of the Problem Based Learning (PBL) model on students' critical thinking and digital literacy skills in the topic of atmospheric dynamics at Sekolah Indonesia Kota Kinabalu, Sabah-Malaysia. The research design used a quasi-experimental approach with a nonequivalent control group design. The sample consisted of 34 students in the experimental group and 31 students in the control group. The experimental class implemented the Problem Based Learning (PBL) model, while the control class used conventional methods. The results showed a significant improvement in both variables in the experimental group, with N-Gain Scores categorized as effective. Problem Based Learning (PBL) helps students understand scientific concepts in-depth, identify real-world problems, and develop creative, technology-based solutions. These findings prove that Problem Based Learning (PBL) is an innovative teaching method that is effective in enhancing students' competencies, especially in preparing them to face global challenges and the digital era.
Komparasi Standar Penilaian Pendidikan di Negara-negara Maju
Authors: Sihono Sihono , Isbah Moh Faliqul , Pangestuti Puji
Published: February 2025

Education assessment plays a vital role in determining the quality of education and students' academic performance. This study aims to analyze and compare educational assessment standards in Finland, Japan, and Singapore, exploring their relevance for developing nations. A literature review method was employed, focusing on policies and recent research. The findings reveal that Finland adopts a holistic and stress-free approach emphasizing formative assessment and individual development. In contrast, Japan prioritizes discipline and high academic standards through rigorous examinations, while Singapore utilizes competitive national exams to drive academic excellence. The study highlights that Finland fosters creativity and critical thinking, whereas Japan and Singapore emphasize competitiveness and academic achievement. In conclusion, the differing approaches of these countries reflect their educational priorities. This study offers practical recommendations for developing nations to adopt the best practices from each system to enhance their national education quality.
Analisis Model Cooperative Integrated Reading Composition dalam Meningkatkan Pemahaman Membaca Siswa Kelas 5 SD
Authors: Nuryani Nuryani , Utami Nidya Chandra Muji , Nurhasanah Nina
Published: February 2025

This research is motivated by the low reading comprehension ability of students at Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Al-Muhajirien Jakapermai, which is caused by less effective conventional learning methods. The purpose of this study is to improve the reading comprehension ability of grade V students through the application of the Cooperative Integrated Reading and Composition (CIRC) model. The method used in this study is classroom action research (PTK) which is carried out in three cycles, where each cycle consists of planning, action, observation, and reflection. Data was collected through observation, student worksheets (LKS), and reading comprehension tests. The results show that the application of the CIRC model significantly improves students' reading comprehension skills. In the first cycle, the average score of students' reading comprehension was 67.27, with 70% of students achieving a score above the Minimum Completeness Criteria (KKM). In the second cycle, the average score increased to 77.76, with 80% of students achieving scores above the KKM. In the third cycle, the average score reached 83.2, and 90% of students successfully met the KKM. In addition, observations showed increased student engagement and motivation during the learning process, where students were more active in participating in group discussions and reading activities, as well as showing higher self-confidence. The conclusion of this study is that the CIRC model has proven to be effective in improving students' reading comprehension skills. The application of this model not only improves learning outcomes, but also encourages activeness, collaboration, and communication between students. Students show a greater interest in reading and are better able to understand the reading material. Therefore, it is recommended that teachers apply the CIRC model as an alternative in learning to read in the classroom, in order to improve the quality of education and overall student learning outcomes.
Pengembangan Video Pembelajaran Animasi untuk Meningkatkan Keterampilan Menulis Teks Naratif di Kelas IV Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Triningsih Renatalia , Yarmi Gusti , Nurhasanah Nina
Published: February 2025

This study aims to determine the feasibility and effectiveness of animated learning video media in improving narrative text writing skills among fourth-grade elementary school students. The background of this research is that writing skills are often regarded as the final skill in the hierarchy of language skills taught in Indonesian language lessons. Writing is the last skill developed after reading, listening, and speaking. Narrative text writing is one of the essential competencies that students must master. Therefore, alternative methods are needed to enhance the teaching of Indonesian language skills, particularly narrative text writing. This necessity drives researchers to develop animated learning videos to make the learning process more enjoyable. The development model employed in this study is ADDIE (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation). The findings reveal a significant improvement in narrative text writing skills following trials conducted with fourth-grade elementary school students. Thus, this media can be considered an effective alternative for teaching the Indonesian language. These findings affirm that animated learning videos are a potent tool for enhancing narrative text writing skills in elementary education.
Optimalisasi Penggunaan Teknologi Augmented Reality di Era Digital pada Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Aprilia Yesinta Dewi , Suwandayani Beti Istanti , Kuncahyono Kuncahyono
Published: February 2025

This study aims to analyze the strategy of optimizing the use of Augmented Reality (AR) technology in the digital era in elementary schools. Augmented Reality is a technology that unites the real world with the virtual world through smartphones, thus enabling a more interactive and immersive learning experience. Augmented Reality (AR) technology in education allows students to visualize the concept of learning materials that are difficult to understand. This research identifies the implementation of Augmented Reality technology in the learning process. The incorporation of virtual and real elements not only makes learning material more interesting, but also makes it easier for learners to understand and remember. The research methodology used is qualitative with data collection through observation, interviews and documentation. Data analysis uses the Miles and Huberman data analysis model. Fieldresult show that the implementation of ugmented Reality technology in the learning process helps visualize learning materials and makes learning more interesting, so that students are enthusiastic in the learning process. In the implementation of Augmented Reality technology, of course, there are obstacles that become obstacles to the learning process, the obstacles include lack of device storage, unstable internet networks, and limited encyclopedia books for scanning. To overcome these obstacles, strategies are needed to optimize the use of Augmented Reality technology, including teacher training, providing sufficient space on the device, network stability, ad adequate encyclopedias.
Characteristics of Local Wisdom in Building Character Based on the Perspectives of Teachers and Students in Batu City Elementary Schools
Authors: Sofiyah Raden Ajeng , Suwandayani Beti Istanti , Kumalasani Maharani Putri
Published: February 2025

This study aims to examine teachers' and students' perspectives on the role of local wisdom in building student character in elementary schools. Using a descriptive method with a qualitative approach, data was collected through in-depth interviews and observations in several elementary schools. Regional Pride by developing a sense of pride in the cultural richness and uniqueness of the Batu region through school projects. This research adopts a descriptive method with a qualitative approach. Data collection involves observation, interviews with teachers and students, and documentation, allowing for direct observation of classroom dynamics and gathering insights from participants. The research follows Miles and Huberman's three streams of activities, beginning with data collection from various sources. The results showed that teachers see local wisdom as an important source of value in character education, as it can strengthen cultural identity and instill positive values among students. Students also recognized the benefits of engaging in local wisdom-based activities, which made students appreciate their own culture more. However, challenges faced include teachers' lack of knowledge about local wisdom and limited resources to integrate it into the curriculum. This study recommends the need for training for teachers and closer collaboration between schools and communities to overcome these obstacles. With the right approach, local wisdom can be effectively integrated in learning, contributing to better character development of students and strengthening their love for local culture.
Pengaruh Model Resource Based Learning Berbantuan Microsite Terhadap Hasil Belajar Ditinjau Dari Motivasi Belajar Siswa
Authors: Adilah Gina Putri , Utaya Sugeng , Suharto Yusuf
Published: February 2025

Various problems of decreasing geography learning outcomes such as lack of geography literacy, inadequate teaching, and lack of student learning motivation are problems that need to be followed up on improving geography learning outcomes and student learning motivation. The purpose of this research is to analyze the effect of Resource Based Learning model assisted by Microsite on geography learning outcomes and the interaction of Resource Based Learning model assisted by Microsite between geography learning outcomes and student learning motivation. This research used quantitative approach with Quasi Experimental design. The research subjects were X social studies students at SMAN 1 Purwoharjo in the 2023/2024 school year, with a sample of 105 students divided into experimental and control groups using Purpose sampling technique. Class selection was determined in the experimental class is X 6 and control class X 7. Data collection was done through geography learning outcomes test, learning motivation questionnaire, and learning observation. Data were analyzed using two-way ANOVA with a significance level of 5%. The results showed (1) there is a significant effect of Resource Based Learning model assisted by Microsite on geography learning outcomes; (2) there is a significant interaction of Resource Based Learning model assisted by Microsite between geography learning outcomes and student learning motivation. The Resource Based Learning model assisted by Microsite is effective because the learning is student-centered in meeting the needs and convenience in the learning process. The Microsite-assisted Resource Based Learning model makes it easier for students to be independent and flexible in learning outside of class hours. The Microsite-assisted Resource Based Learning model can optimize the interactive learning process and collaboration between students.
Penerapan Pembelajaran Inovatif Untuk Meningkatkan Motivasi Dan Hasil Belajar Bola Voli Kelas VIII D Pada SMP Negeri 12 Surakarta
Authors: Wibisono Kurniawan Ari , Guntur Guntur
Published: February 2025

Based on student observations in learning volleyball in class VIII D SMP Negeri 12 Surakarta, there are problems with student motivation and less innovative learning methods. On the other hand, the heavy ball causes students' hands to feel pain when performing technical movements or strokes, so it is necessary to innovate methods and media. The purpose of this study was to determine whether sponge plastic ball aids can increase volleyball learning activities, whether sponge plastic ball aids can improve volleyball learning outcomes. The research method is Classroom Action Research (PTK) which is carried out in two cycles. The research population was class 8D students of SMP Negeri 12 Surakarta, totaling 32 students. The research instruments were interview guidelines, questionnaires, and observation sheets. The data analysis technique used was quantitative descriptive analysis. The results showed that sponge plastic ball aids can improve volleyball learning activities, sponge plastic ball aids can improve volleyball learning outcomes. This is evidenced in the results of cycle I which showed an increase in the assessment of the knowledge aspect, there were 23 students (71.87%) who were complete and those who did not meet the criteria were 9 students (28.13%), the skill aspect showed an increase, namely 23 students (71.87%) in the complete category and 9 students or (28.13%) were not complete. In cycle II there was an increase in each aspect of better student learning, this was evidenced by the knowledge aspect showing an increase, namely 30 students (93.75%) in the complete category and 2 students (6.25%) in the incomplete category.