bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DEVELOPMENT OF A COLOURIMETRIC METHOD FOR QUALITY CONTROL OF SAUSAGE PRODUCTS PRODUCED USING CHITINOUS FOOD ADDITIVES
Authors: Murashеv Sergey V. , Gorlach Elena A. , Chertov Alexander N. , Gorbunova Elena V. , Kiprushkina Elena I.
Published: November 2020

A crucial technological task that must be solved in the production of sausage products is to stabilize the product’s red colour. In this paper, we propose a scheme to determine the most significant parameters of the quality of dry-cured sausages by their colour characteristics. For this purpose, colour digital images were obtained, which were further processed using two classical colour representation systems: RGB and xyY. We monitored changes in pH and the ratio of water to dry matter in meat products. These crucial sausage properties were changed by introducing chitin-containing supplements into their recipes, which allowed us to solve two tasks simultaneously. The first comprises, as already mentioned, changing the properties of sausages to obtain correlations with colour characteristics. The second is to enrich meat products with chitin complex for preventive purposes to improve people’s nutrition. The construction of correlation dependencies using each coordinate separately in two colour systems showed that each system (RGB and xyY) has one colour channel with a maximum correlation coefficient. This is due to the colour features of sausages, which can be represented to the greatest extent with the help of only one colour coordinate in the considered colour representation systems (RGB and xyY). Using these colour coordinates will allow one to achieve maximum measurement accuracy. Thus, two tasks are being solved: the enrichment of food with dietary supplement and the development of a method to control their content.
TERMITICIDAL ACTIVITY OF CHITOSAN ON PAPER
Authors: Muryeti Muryeti , Eka Pratiwi Faraqh , Tri Yuniastuti Risqi , Budi Mulyani Estuti
Published: November 2020

Termites are insects that can damage buildings, paper and plants. Termites are controlled by using termiticides (chemicals). Besides polluting the environment, termiticides may have harmful effects to organisms, including humans, and destroy metal. The use of chemicals will be environmentally and economically profitless. A joint effort to utilize biodegradable material will help to reduce the negative impacts of termiticides. One of the materials that can use to control termites is chitosan. The purpose of this study was to determine the termiticidal activity of chitosan on paper against termites. The termiticidal activity test followed method JIS K 1571 2004. The resistance of paper to termite damage was determined by calculating the percentage of weight loss and termite mortality rate. The following concentrations of chitosan in acetic acid were used: 0.5%, 1%, 1.5% and 2%. The test result showed that weight loss percentages were 20.49%, 16.37%, 15.77% and 10.80%, respectively. On the other hand, the weight loss percentage of paper without chitosan was 32.69%, which shows that termites do not favour chitosan used in the paper. The activity of termites was successfully inhibited when the concentration of chitosan was increased, and the percentage of paper weight loss decreased from 10.80% to 20.49%. Paper without chitosan had a termite mortality rate of 18.3%; The addition of chitosan increased termite mortality to 28.2%–30.4%. The percentage of weight loss decreased with increasing termite mortality. The termite mortality rate show that chitosan is nontoxic and potential as biotermiticide for paper.
CHARACTERIZATION OF MIXED LANGMUIR MONOLAYERS OF CYCLOSPORINE A WITH THE PHOSPHOLIPID DPPC AT THE CHITOSAN SUBPHASE
Authors: Woźniak Klaudia , Jurak Małgorzata , Wiącek Agnieszka Ewa
Published: November 2020

The properties of one-component and mixed monolayers of phospholipid 1,2–dipalmitoyl–sn–glycero–3–phosphocholine (DPPC) and polypeptide cyclosporine A (CsA) on the chitosan subphase were studied. DPPC is the main component that builds biological membranes, and CsA is an immunosuppressive drug typically used in medicine to prevent transplant rejections. The stability and reversibility of compression of these insoluble monolayers in the presence of chitosan (Ch) were examined by the Langmuir technique. The stability of the monolayers depended on the
monolayer composition as well as the initial pressure (π0) of the relaxation process. The smallest changes in the relative pressure as a function of time were obtained at π0 = 10 mN/m. During compression–decompression cycles, the effect of chitosan was noticeable and caused isotherm shifts.
Analisis Kesulitan Mahasiswa Prodi Pendidikan Bahasa Jepang UNNES dalam Mengungkapkan Pendapat pada Mata Kuliah Kaiwa Enshuu Kegiatan Talkshow
Authors: Andriyastuti Novia , Supriatnaningsih Rina
Published: November 2020

Talkshow is one of the activities in the Kaiwa Enshuu course. In these activities, students are required to be able to express their opinions directly in accordance with a predetermined theme. Based on the results of the preliminary study, information was obtained that 34 of the 36 respondents were Japanese Language Education Study Program students in 2014 or 94.4% had difficulty expressing their opinions in talkshow activities. This study aims to determine the difficulties of students in expressing opinions talkshow activities, as well as the factors that cause difficulties and solutions to overcome difficulties. This research uses a quantitative descriptive approach. The subjects of this study were the 2014 Japanese language study program students who had taken and followed the Kaiwa Enshuu course. Data collection with a semi-open questionnaire. The results of the questionnaire were analyzed using the percentage formula. The results showed that students had difficulty in choosing the right and varied vocabulary (71.25 ％), compiling effective sentences that had been learned （71.25%）. The difficulty factor is the shame factor for fear of making mistakes (70%). The solution to overcome the difficulties of lecturers motivates students to not be shy/reluctant to express their opinions so that students try to practice using Japanese both independently and in groups, besides motivating students to increase their confidence.
Pengembangan Penilaian Autentik Pembelajaran Teks Dialog Bahasa Jawa Kelas VII
Authors: Meliana Siti , Sudi Utami Esti , Sukoyo Joko
Published: November 2020

Assessment is once of process study which is conducted to measure students by basic competency. Lack of reference to teachers for assessment dialog text make obstacles for giving assessment to students. This limitation made basic must be need assessment of development technique where can helping teachers to give an assessment. This research has a purpose to develop learning instrument assessment dialog of text Javanese Language. This research has used research and development methods, with five-stage of research, include identity potency and problem, data collection, design product, validation design, and then revision of the design. Collection data used by interviews andquestionnaires instruments. Result of this research in the form of authentic assessment learning dialog text Javanese Language. The assessment of instruments is a question of multiple-choice, task, work method/practice, and product. Result of validation has to show acquisition average score at the question of multiple choice 11,72 (enough) from evaluation expert and score 12,11 (good) from teacher expert, and while the average score assessment of tasking, work method/practice, and product 3,7 (good) from expert and 3,1 (enough) 2 from teachers. Repaired has done on the selection of diction, sentence structure, and repair choice answers.
Cuento maravilloso y reescrituras en la Literatura Infantil y Juvenil gallega
Authors: Ferreira Boo Carmen
Published: November 2020

Se realiza una panorámica de la Literatura Infantil y Juvenil gallega, analizando en los diferentes períodos históricos aquellas obras más representativas que realizan reescrituras referenciales, lúdicas, humanizadoras e ideológicas del cuento maravilloso. Se ofrece una visión general de la huella, influencia y vitalidad que tiene ese cuento como fuente de recreación, subversión, deconstrucción, parodia, etc., por parte de los escritores de Literatura Infantil y Juvenil gallega. Se estudia cómo se modifican elementos como la voz narrativa, la estructura, el espacio, el tiempo y sobre todo los personajes y sus roles con diferentes finalidades como provocar efecto paródico, subvertir y/o humanizar los personajes, inculcar una determinada ideología o valores... Por último, se presentan unas conclusiones generales de la reescritura del cuento maravilloso.
High-Density Linkage Maps Based on Genotyping-by-Sequencing (GBS) Confirm a Chromosome-Level Genome Assembly and Reveal Variation in Recombination Rate for the Pacific OysterCrassostrea gigas
Authors: Yin Xiaoshen , Arias-Pérez Alberto , Kitapci Tevfik Hamdi , Hedgecock Dennis
Published: November 2020

Studies of linkage and linkage mapping have advanced genetic and biological knowledge for over 100 years. In addition to their growing role, today, in mapping phenotypes to genotypes, dense linkage maps can help to validate genome assemblies. Previously, we showed that 40% of scaffolds in the first genome assembly for the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas were chimeric, containing single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) mapping to different linkage groups. Here, we merge 14 linkage maps constructed of SNPs generated from genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS) methods with five, previously constructed linkage maps, to create a compendium of nearly 69 thousand SNPs mapped with high confidence. We use this compendium to assess a recently available, chromosome-level assembly of the C. gigas genome, mapping SNPs in 275 of 301 contigs and comparing the ordering of these contigs, by linkage, to their assembly by Hi-C sequencing methods. We find that, while 26% of contigs contain chimeric blocks of SNPs, i.e., adjacent SNPs mapping to different linkage groups than the majority of SNPs in their contig, these apparent misassemblies amount to only 0.08% of the genome sequence. Furthermore, nearly 90% of 275 contigs mapped by linkage and sequencing are assembled identically; inconsistencies between the two assemblies for the remaining 10% of contigs appear to result from insufficient linkage information. Thus, our compilation of linkage maps strongly supports this chromosome-level assembly of the oyster genome. Finally, we use this assembly to estimate, for the first time in a Lophotrochozoan, genome-wide recombination rates and causes of variation in this fundamental process.
Phenotypic plasticity of leaf shape in selected and semi-domesticated genotypes as new tool of Argania spinosa L. Skeels breeding
Authors: Rahmouni Ilham
Published: November 2020

Leaves are part of the plant organs that are important to sustain its life. These organs are sensitive to climate changes and may present phenotypic plasticity in response to environmental conditions. However, affirmation of the leaves morphological plasticity and their regulation in different environments is still little studied up to date. In the present research, we evaluated performance of 20 different groups of Argania spinosa (L.) Skeels genotypes (half-sibling). Each group contains 3 half-sibs. Genotype × environment interactions (GxE) were evaluated as well, for shape and size leaves. To perform this, geometric morphometric principles were applied to analyze genotypes morphology in three locations (Central, North-Western and South-Western of Morocco). Univariate and multivariate analysis was used for data analysis. Results showed significant variation of symmetric and asymmetric components for genotypes, half-sibling and location with relatively high variation coefficient (ca 60%). Shape and size differences among genotypes, suggest that they were the main source in leaf morphology variation. Canonical Variate Analysis of leaf shapes reveals that the regions are clearly distinct from each other. For symmetric component analysis, Mahalanobis distances values among locations reached 35.53 between South-Western and North-Western locations, 21.88 North-Western and Central locations and 18.29 for South-Western and Central location. The differentiation between the groups using the Canonical Variations value showed a significant effect of the environment on the studied argan tree genotypes. Small leaves and narrow blades were observed in Central location compared to others. However, leaves originated from South-Western location had mainly an ovate shape. The same genotypes presented a high spectrum of shape variation varying from obovate to ovate in the other regions. This study highlights the strong correspondence between leaf morphology and genotype within different environments, and demonstrates that GxE interaction shave an impact to take into consideration in breeding programs.
Amino and fatty acid profile, chemical composition and pork quality in entire males, castrates and gilts
Authors: Bahelka Ivan
Published: November 2020

Forty-two pigs, entire males, surgical castrates and gilts, was randomly selected for the experiment. After reaching the average live weight of 105 kg, pigs were slaughtered. Significant differences (P <0.05) in contents of water and crude fat in muscle between entire males and castrates (74.44 vs 73.93%, 2.52 vs 3.14%), resp. of cholesterol between entire males, gilts and castrates (0.31, 0.33 vs 0.41%) were found. Significantly higher contents (P <0.05) of almost the all amino acids in entire males and gilts compared to castrates were observed. In muscle, castrates had more eicosanoic fatty acid than entire males, and vaccenic than gilts whilst gilts and entire males had higher content of linolenic acid than castrates (P <0.05). In adipose tissue, entire males had lower content (P <0.05) of myristic, stearic, palmitic, and total saturated fatty acids than castrates or both castrates and gilts (1.39 vs 1.45%, 14.88 vs 16.90%, 25.41 vs 26.83 and 26.27%, 43.40 vs 46.70 and 45.53%). At the same time, they showed greater amounts of oleic (36.71 vs 34.95%), total monounsaturated (43.58 vs 41.35%), linoleic (10.29 vs 9.45 and 9.56%), linolenic (0.65 vs 0.59%), total polyunsaturated (12.06 vs 11.06%), n-6 (10.69 vs 9.83%) and n-3 (0.78 vs 0.71 and 0.72%) fatty acids than castrates or both castrates and gilts. Also, PUFA/SFA ratio was more desirable in entire males than those of castrates and/or gilts (0.28 vs 0.24 and 0.25). Based on these results, meat and adipose fat from entire males seems to be more beneficial from the human health point of view.
PROKARYOTIC DIVERSTY OF ACID MINE DRAINAGE PONDS IN ORE ENRICHMENT PLANT
Authors: Toptas Yagmur , Çabuk Ahmet
Published: November 2020

The biodiversity of acidophilic prokaryotes was determined in three AMD ponds (pH 2.7-6.5) in Turkey (İzmir-Halıköy antimony ore enrichment plant) using 16S rRNA cloning and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis methods. Water samples were taken two times in March 2014 and June 2015. The microbial diversity identified includes species such as Acidiphilium angustum, Acidocella sp., Ferroplasma acidiphilum, Acidithiobacillus ferriphilus, Acidithiobacillus ferrivorans, Acidiphilium rubrum, Thiomonas sp., Acidiphilium multivorum, Acidiphilium cryptum, Ferrovum myxofaciens, Acidocella aluminiidurans with the used techniques. In addition to, it has been determined that biodiversity is variable in the operating mine pools. Aciditihobacillus ferriphilus, Acidiphilium angustum, and Acidiphilium rubrum are new records for Turkey.
The Intertwined Histories of Resident Education and Pediatric Hospital Medicine in the US
Authors: Roberts Kenneth B.
Published: November 2020

The histories of pediatric resident education and pediatric hospital medicine (PHM) are intertwined. PHM, now a new subspecialty, is generally considered to have emerged from the hospitalist movement in the late 1990s but is actually what some influential pediatricians in the 19th century envisioned for pediatrics in the United States, comparable to the British model. The prime focus of resident education during the 20th century remained hospital care, even during the years of national concern regarding the need for more primary care physicians. Various changes in resident education have contributed to the rise of PHM as a subspecialty. Requirements for subspecialty certification in PHM have implications for general residency training in pediatrics.
Síndrome metabólica em idosos diabéticos tipo 2 atendidos em ambulatório de uma capital brasileira
Authors: Da Silva Luana Olegário , Assunção Santos Renata Emmanuele , Pessoa de Araújo Burgos Maria Goretti
Published: November 2020

Objetivo: identificar a prevalência de síndrome metabólica e seus fatores associados em idosos com diabetes mellitus tipo 2.
Métodos: estudo descritivo observacional realizado com idosos diagnosticados com diabetes mellitus tipo 2, no período de 2017-2018, recrutados no Ambulatório de Nutrição/Diabetes do Núcleo de Assistência ao Idoso da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco. Foram coletados os dados: sexo e faixa etária e, para a avaliação antropométrica dos participantes, foram mensurados o índice de massa corporal e a circunferência de cintura. Também foram coletados os valores de colesterol total e frações, além de glicemia em jejum, hemoglobina glicosilada e diagnóstico prévio de hipertensão arterial. Para analisar os dados obtidos foram utilizados os testes t de Student, Qui-quadrado de Pearson e teste de MannWhitney. Para as análises, foi adotado um intervalo de confiança de 95% e nível de significância de 0,05.
Resultados: a amostra foi de 273 participantes, com média de idade de 68,77±5,65 anos e cerca de 89,8% (n=158) apresentaram síndrome metabólica. A presença dessa condição foi associada a valores maiores de peso corporal (p=0,04), índice de massa corporal (p=0,003), circunferência de cintura (p<0,001) e glicemia em jejum (p=0,007).
Conclusões: ocorreu alta prevalência de síndrome metabólica nos idosos estudados com essa condição associada a valores maiores de peso corporal, índice de massa corporal, circunferência de cintura e glicemia em jejum. Esses achados demonstram a importância na identificação precoce e na intervenção preventiva dessas condições na população idosa, diminuindo a morbimortalidade por ocorrência de eventos cardiovasculares e melhorando sua qualidade de vida.
Post-fire seismic performance of precast reinforced concrete columns
Authors: Demir Ugur , Green Mark F. , Ilki Alper
Published: November 2020

Quantifying the seismic resistance of reinforced concrete buildings after fire is difficult because of the lack of information regarding their strength and ductility under earthquake loads. In this study, four full-scale flexure-controlled reinforced precast concrete columns were subjected to quasi-static reversed cyclic lateral loading under constant axial load to examine the seismic response of reinforced precast concrete columns damaged by 30, 60, and 90 minutes of fire. For the first time, the impact of fire damage on force-displacement behavior, moment-curvature relationship, stiffness, energy dissipation capacity, and residual displacements was investigated through postfire seismic tests. Test results clearly indicated that the fire exposure did not significantly affect the lateral-load-bearing capacity, failure modes, and ductility of the columns, with the exception of the specimen subjected to 90 minutes of fire exposure. The analytical study consisting of thermal and fiber-based structural analysis demonstrated that conventional principles of structural mechanics are valid for estimation of the postfire seismic behavior of reinforced precast concrete columns when the deteriorations in materials are realistically taken into account and the given algorithm is followed.
Making offices and construction sites safer from SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Nasvik Joseph
Published: November 2020

Construction is regarded as an essential industry, at least in a limited capacity, in many states, and it is cur¬rently challenged to keep workers safe on the jobsite. Social distancing, the first line of defense, requires workers to be a minimum of 6 ft (2 m) apart. But construction, especially concrete construction, often requires teams to be much closer together for some work functions, so other measures become important. Work on construction sites is being made safer through health screening, respirators and other face coverings, and frequent cleaning, among other things.
A survey of the reptiles and amphibians at the University of Georgia Costa Rica field station in San Luis de Monteverde, Costa Rica
Authors: Curlis John David , Fisher Elliot Convery , Muhic W. Kody , Moy James , Garro-Cruz Martha , Montero-Ramírez José Joaquín
Published: November 2020

Reptiles and amphibians are experiencing declines across the globe. In Monteverde, Costa Rica, these declines and their underlying causes have been relatively well studied since the early 1990s, and many protected areas have been set aside to conserve these species. However, thorough surveys of the herpetofaunal diversity in these areas have been scarce over the last 20 years. We conducted a survey of all reptile and amphibian species at the University of Georgia Costa Rica (UGACR), a field station in San Luis de Monteverde. Herein, we present an annotated checklist of the 48 species (35 reptiles and 13 amphibians) that we encountered. While we did not find any exceptionally rare or endangered species, the number of species we encountered is disproportionately high given the small plot of land occupied by UGACR. This underscores the importance of conducting regular diversity surveys in biodiversity hotspots as a means to better inform conservation efforts.
Whole exome sequencing make a definitive diagnosis of a Vietnamese patient with a late onset urea cycle disorder
Authors: Nguyen Ngoc-Lan , Nguyen Ngoc Khanh , Vu Chi Dung , Thu Huong Nguyen Thi , Huy Hoang Nguyen
Published: November 2020

Our report describes a female presenting with vomiting, fever, coma and right hemiplegia at 26 months of age. Biochemical tests revealed hyperammonemia, hyperlactatemia, elevated glutamine level, elevated transaminase and disorder of prothrombin time. She was priory diagnosed with urea cycle disorders (UCDs). UCDs are caused by mutations in eight genes that regulate the synthesis of enzymes and cofactors involved in urea metabolism. Singleton whole exome sequencing was applied to screen causative variants in these genes in the patient at 6 years of age. The result showed one heterozygous stop loss mutation c.1065A>G in the OTC gene as a potential disease causing in the patient. The mutation c.1065A>G leads to alternation of stop codon to tryptophan, resulting in elongation of fourteen amino acids in ornithine transcarbamylase (OTC) protein (p.Ter355TrpextTer14). Sanger sequencing in the family revealed the mutation c.1065A>G was not present in healthy parents and brother. Therefore, this mutation is considered as a de novo mutation in the patient. The mutation c.1065A>G was conferred to pathogenic according to the standards and guidelines of the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics and the Association for Molecular Pathology with 1 strong (PS2), 3 moderate (PM2, PM4 and PM5) and 1 support criteria (PP2). Although OTC deficiency is an X-linked recessive inheritance, approximately 15% of females carrying heterozygous variants showed the late onset OTC deficiency. Therefore, in combination of clinical presentations, laboratory findings and molecular genetic analyses, we made a definitive diagnosis of the patient with late onset OTC deficiency, a disorder of UCDs.
The functional response and predatory ability of the reduviid Coranus fuscipennis Reuter (Heteroptera: Reduviidae)) fed on the rice meal moth Corcyra cephalonica (Stainton)
Authors: Lam Truong Xuan , Lien Nguyen Thi Phuong , Cuong Nguyen Quang
Published: November 2020

The reduviid Coranus fuscipennis Reuter (Heteroptera: Reduviidae) is an important predator for biological control the pests of vegetables in Vietnam. The functional response of the 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th nymphal instars and adult male and female of the predator C. fuscipennis to the larvae of rice meal moth Corcyra cephalonica (Stainton) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) was evaluated in laboratory conditions (temperature 30±2ºC; relative humidity 75±5%; and 14:10 h Light:Dark). The results show that the nymph and adult of C. fuscipennis responded to different densities of prey. They killed more number of prey at higher prey densities and less prey at lower prey densities that produced a curve linear type II functional response (Holling 1959). The maximum consumption was always found restricted when rearing the C. fuscipennis at high prey densities. The relationship between the predation rate of the C. fuscipennis and the prey densities was negative correlation (R is between 0.70 and 0.98), but between the number prey killed and the prey density is positive correlation. The searching time prey of the C. fuscipennis decreased when the prey densities increased that was confirmed by the negative correlation (R between 0.85 and 0.98). The reduviid C. fuscipennis bred by the C. cephalonica in laboratory and they can use for biological control some pests of vegetables (P rapae, S. litura and P. xylostella) in Vietnam.
Whole-genome sequencing and de novo assembly of a 2019 novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) strain isolated in Vietnam
Authors: Lam Le Tung , Hieu Nguyen Trung , Trang Nguyen Hong , Thuong Ho Thi , Linh Tran Huyen , Tien Luu Thuy , Thao Nguyen Thi Ngoc , Loan Huynh Thi Kim , Quang Pham Duy , Quang Luong Chan , Thang Cao Minh , Thuong Nguyen Vu , Ha Hoang , Ha Chu Hoang , Lan Phan Trong , Hai Truong Nam
Published: November 2020

The pandemic COVID-19 caused by the virus SARS-CoV-2 has devastated countries worldwide, infecting more than 4.5 million people and leading to more than 300,000 deaths as of May 16th, 2020. Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) is an effective tool to monitor emerging strains and provide information for intervention, thus help to inform outbreak control decisions. Here, we reported the first effort to sequence and de novo assemble the whole genome of SARS-CoV-2 using PacBio’s SMRT sequencing technology in Vietnam. We also presented the annotation results and a brief analysis of the variants found in our SARS-CoV-2 strain, which was isolated from a Vietnamese patient. The sequencing was successfully completed and de novo assembled in less than 30 hours, resulting in one contig with no gap and a length of 29,766 bp. All detected variants as compared to the NCBI reference were highly accurate, as confirmed by Sanger sequencing. The results have shown the potential of long read sequencing to provide high quality WGS data to support public health responses and advance understanding of this and future pandemics.
Diversity of micro-fungi associated with aerobic composting process of organic wastes
Authors: Thi Thu Hang Pham , Thanh Minh Nguyen , Thi Yen Nhi Tran , Thi Hoanh Nguyen , Hoang Dang Khoa Dinh
Published: November 2020

Organic waste is gradually degraded during composting process, producing carbon dioxide, water, heat, and humus, the relatively stable end product. The degradation process is carried out by living organisms, of which fungi appear to have the most important role since they break down tough debris (cellulose, lignin, and other resistant materials), enabling other microorganisms to continue the decomposition process. In Binh Duong province, municipal organic wastes, recently, being treated by aerobic composting process at industrial scale. In order to properly control the biological composting process and maximize its efficiency, the understanding of involved microorganisms is essential. Therefore, the objective of this study was to isolate and identify the fungi associated with large scale municipal biosolid waste composting process in Vietnam. In this study, we have isolated 10 morphologically different fungal strains from the composting materials, and classified based on morphological characteristics and 18S rDNA sequences. The results showed that these fungal strains belonged to four different genera, including Aspergillus, Penicillium, Monascus, and Trichoderma. Our observation is in consistent with previous study, which found that Aspergillus, Penicillium are dominant fungi in composting materials due to their able to survive high temperatures and break down variety of bio-solid wastes. Beside of that, the two other genera Trichoderma and Monascus are widely known for their ability to break down lignin-rich materials which difficult for biodegradation. The results would be a useful reference for further studies of diversity, and functions of fungi that involved in municipal biosolid waste composting process in Vietnam environmental conditions.
Solapamiento en los patrones de actividad de mamíferos y sus presas potenciales en un área de la Sierra Madre Occidental en Durango, México
Authors: Rodriguez-Maturino A. , Viggers-Carrasco M. G. , Morales-Balderas B. N. , López-Reyes J. A. , Silva-Flores R. , De León-Mata G. D.
Published: November 2020

Las interacciones ecológicas son parte fundamental para el funcionamiento de los ecosistemas, por lo que indagar en éstas puede brindar información del equilibrio ecológico en un área. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar las interacciones entre mamíferos y sus presas potenciales por medio del fototrampeo en el predio Sierra del Nayar, Durango. De agosto de 2016 a mayo de 2017 se colocaron cámaras trampa en la temporada de lluvias y secas. De los registros de las fotos se estimó el índice de abundancia relativa, los patrones de actividad por especie, y el índice de solapamiento depredador-presa o de competencia entre depredadores. Se registraron 13 especies de mamíferos y Meleagris gallopavo (guajolote silvestre). No hubo diferencias significativas intraespecíficas de los índices de abundancia relativa entre las temporadas de lluvias y secas para ninguna especie. Existen diferencias significativas interespecíficas de los índices de abundancia relativa durante el periodo de estudio, la temporada de lluvias y la de secas. Las especies más abundantes durante el periodo de estudio fueron: Odocoileus virginianus (venado cola blanca), M. gallopavo, Sciurus aberti (ardilla orejas peludas) y Canis latrans (coyote). Se estimó el índice de solapamiento de seis interacciones, de las cuales Urocyon cinereoargenteus (zorra gris)-Sylvilagus floridanus conejo del este y C. latrans-U. cinereoargenteus tuvieron el más alto índice de solapamiento y no presentaron diferencias significativas en sus patrones de actividad. Los patrones de actividad obtenidos concuerdan con lo reportado para las especies en Norteamérica.
Efek Granisetron Intravena terhadap Perubahan Tekanan Darah pada Seksio Sesarea dengan Anestesi Spinal
Authors: Supriyanto Jaya , Suwarman  , Rachman Iwan Abdul
Published: November 2020

Hipotensi merupakan komplikasi paling sering pada seksio sesarea dengan anestesi spinal. Pencegahan hipotensi dapat dilakukan dengan pemberian cairan, obat-obatan, pengurangan dosis obat anestesi lokal, dan intervensi mekanik. Granisetron sebagai antagonis reseptor 5hydroxytryptamine3 (5HT3) dapat digunakan untuk mencegah hipotensi pada seksio sesarea dengan anestesi spinal. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh pemberian granisetron 1 mg intravena terhadap perubahan tekanan darah pada seksio sesarea dengan anestesi spinal. Penelitian ini dilakukan periode Desember 2019–Februari 2020 di RSUP Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung. Metode penelitian ini adalah uji klinis tersamar ganda pada 34 pasien ASA II yang menjalani seksio sesarea dengan anestesi spinal. Subjek penelitian dibagi secara acak menjadi 2 kelompok, yaitu kelompok kontrol diberikan NaCl 0,9% dan kelompok granisetron diberikan granisetron 1 mg intravena pada 5 menit sebelum anestesi spinal. Tekanan darah diperiksa setiap 1 menit selama 20 menit setelah anestesi spinal, kemudian setiap 2,5 menit sampai operasi selesai. Data dianalisis dengan uji t, Uji Mann Whitney, dan Uji kolmogorov-smirnov, nilai p<0,05 dianggap bermakna. Kejadian hipotensi pada kelompok kontrol (79%) lebih tinggi dari kelompok granisetron (29%). Penurunan tekanan darah pada kelompok kontrol lebih besar dibanding dengan kelompok granisetron dengan perbedaan signifikan (p<0,05). Simpulan, pemberian granisetron 1 mg intravena dapat mengurangi kejadian hipotensi pada seksio sesarea dengan anestesi spinal.
Electroacupuncture alleviates inflammatory pain via adenosine suppression and its mediated substance P expression
Authors: ZHANG Rong yi , ZHU Ben fan , WANG Li kui , SONG Yang , ZHAO Jia gui , GUO Yan , ZHAO Long , CHEN Shi
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACT Background: Acupuncture has been widely used for alleviating pain. However, its mechanisms remain largely enigmatic. Objective: In the present study, we focused on whether the analgesic effect of electroacupuncture is related to its regulation on adenosine and substance P expression. Methods: We established chronic inflammatory pain model in rats through a single injection of Complete Freund’s Adjuvant, and then we treated animals using daily electroacupuncture. We applied seven bilateral sessions of electroacupuncture (ST36 and BL60, 0.5 to 1.5 mA, initial strength of 0.5 mA, increased by 0.5 mA every 10 minutes, for 30 minutes per session, one section per day) to Complete Freund’s Adjuvant rats for seven days. The analgesic effect of electroacupuncture was evaluated by measuring paw withdrawal threshold in rats that received mechanical and thermal stimulation. Results: Daily electroacupuncture stimulation effectively increased paw withdrawal threshold in Complete Freund’s Adjuvant rats. Electroacupuncture increased the adenosine level in zusanli. A further study showed that electroacupuncture could decrease substance P, neurokinin-1 receptor, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-1β, interleukin-6 and CD68 levels in dorsal root ganglion. Interestingly, direct injection of adenosine A1 or substance P receptor antagonists, or dorsal nerve root transection could significantly impair electroacupuncture induced analgesic actions in Complete Freund’s Adjuvant rats could and reduce the levels of substance P, neurokinin-1 receptor, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-1β, interleukin-6 and CD68. Finally, we confirmed that direct injection of adenosine A1 receptor agonist replicated the analgesic effect of electroacupuncture. Conclusion: Our results indicate regulation of adenosine-mediated substance P secretion. Substance P-mediated pathway may be involved in the analgesia process by electroacupuncture in rats.
Prosthetically Driven Alveolar Reconstructions: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Vidigal Junior Guaracilei Maciel , Dantas Luiz Roberto Figueiredo , Silva Junior Luis Carlos de Moraes e , Groisman Mario , Fischer Ricardo G. , Novaes Junior Arthur Belém
Published: November 2020

Abstract This study aims to evaluate the post-extraction alveolar bone reconstruction amongst 12 patients exhibiting loss of buccal bone plate in a tooth of the anterior region of the maxilla using the prosthetically-driven alveolar reconstruction technique (PDAR). In PDAR, a partial fixed provisional prosthesis (PFPP [conventional or adhesive]) with a specially designed pontic maintains the clot in a mechanically stable position during alveolar regeneration. Moreover, the pontic design, in hourglass shape and located in the subgingival area, also prevents gingival margins from collapsing. Gingival recession was evaluated through the 6-month healing period. Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) was performed 1 month before and 8 months after PDAR treatment. For the primary outcome, in the panoramic imaging, the central area of bone defect in each tooth was selected for linear measurements. Measurements of the vertical buccal bone gain and the gain in thickness in the alveolar bone crest were obtained 8 months after PDAR. Descriptive statistics and intraclass correlation coefficient analysis were conducted. After treatment, all patients showed bone formation (a mean vertical gain of 7.1±3.7 mm, associated with a horizontal mean gain of 4.5±1.4 mm in the alveolar bone crest). The intraclass correlation coefficient for the measurements performed using CBCT was 0.999. No gingival recession, greater than 1 mm, was observed. Lower-morbidity procedures without the use of biomaterials may be a useful in post-extraction alveolar ridge regeneration and/or preservation. PDAR promoted alveolar bone formation without flaps, grafts and membranes.
Disinfection and outcome of root canal treatment using single-file or multifile systems and Ca(OH)2 medication
Authors: Neves Mônica A. S. , Provenzano José C. , Fonseca Simone C. L. , Rodrigues Renata C. V. , Gonçalves Lucio S. , Siqueira Jr José F. , Rôças Isabela N.
Published: November 2020

Abstract This clinical study reports on the antibacterial effects and outcome of endodontic treatment using either a single-file or a multifile system, associated with calcium hydroxide interappointment medication. The root canals of single-rooted teeth with apical periodontitis were treated by using either Reciproc or BioRaCe instrument systems, 2.5% NaOCl irrigation, and calcium hydroxide medication. Bacteriological samples taken before preparation and immediately before obturation were evaluated for total bacterial counts by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Patients were followed up and the treatment outcome was assessed by clinical and radiographic criteria. Decreasing lesions were classified as success in a lenient criterion or failure in a rigid one. Bacteria were detected in all initial samples (47 cases) and were significantly reduced after treatment in both groups (p<0.001). In the Reciproc and BioRaCe groups, 7/25 (28%) and 11/22 (50%) root canals yielded negative qPCR results before obturation, respectively (p>0.05). Quantitative bacterial reduction was similar between groups (p>0.05). The success rate in the BioRaCe group was 95.5% and 77% in the loose and rigid criterion, respectively. In the Reciproc group, corresponding figures were 88% and 76%. Differences in outcome were not significant (p>0.05). No diseased case showed negative qPCR results for bacteria. A difference of >1 Log10 counts was observed between healed and diseased cases. Root canal treatments of teeth with apical periodontitis using a single-file or a multifile system for preparation, associated with NaOCl irrigation and calcium hydroxide interappointment medication, showed similar antibacterial effectiveness and success rate.
Assessment of Ramifications in the Apical Region of Root Canals: A Micro-CT Study in a Brazilian Population
Authors: Lobo Natalia Siqueira , Wanderley Victor Aquino , Nejaim Yuri , Gomes Amanda Farias , Zaia Alexandre Augusto
Published: November 2020

Abstract The present study used microcomputed tomography (micro-CT) images to assess the prevalence, number, and location of apical ramifications (ARs) in the root canals of different dental groups in a Brazilian population. Three hundred and sixty-seven extracted human teeth, totaling 475 roots, were scanned by micro-CT at 19.6 µm spatial resolution. The obtained images were evaluated by two observers in consensus, and a descriptive analysis was performed to verify the prevalence, number, and location of ARs in each dental group. Chi-square test was used to compare the prevalence of ARs in different types of roots, and one-way analysis of variance compared the number of ARs in the apical 1 mm, 2 mm, and 3 mm of the root. Significance level was established at 5% (α=0.05). ARs were present in 253 (53.3%) of the 475 roots evaluated. A total of 607 ARs were detected, with the vast majority (530) located at one and two millimeters from the main foramen. The highest prevalence of ARs was observed in maxillary canines (65%); maxillary premolars - single-rooted (83.3%), buccal root (80%), and palatine root (73.3%); mandibular premolars (64.2%); mesiobuccal root of maxillary molars (76.6%); and mesial root of mandibular molars (66.6%). For the Brazilian population, most of the ARs are located in the apical 1 and 2 mm of the root, with greater prevalence in the posterior teeth and maxillary canines. These findings suggest the need for additional attention while planning endodontic treatments, including strategies to effectively clean and fill the apical region.
Sob Impacto da Heterogeneidade: teorização sobre o erro e o não idêntico
Authors: Lier-DeVitto Maria Francisca , Arantes Lúcia , Desinano Norma B.
Published: November 2020

RESUMO Este artigo discute a problemática da heterogeneidade e seus efeitos no Interacionismo em Aquisição de Linguagem e na Clínica de Linguagem, campos em que ela adquire o estatuto de proposição problemática. Está em questão a não-coincidência de um falante com a própria fala, dessa fala com a da massa falante e, também, entre falas de crianças e falas sintomáticas. Articula-se, neste quadro, o par heterogeneidade-singularidade, que impõe o afastamento ao recurso das descrições categoriais. Distingue-se singularidade de diferenças individuais que frequentam as Psicologias e campo das Ciências Humanas em geral. O pano de fundo teórico que movimenta a argumentação decorre de uma articulação particular entre Estruturalismo Europeu e Psicanálise. Saussure e Jakobson representam uma saída das descrições em favor de uma explicação sobre o movimento que subjaz os enunciados erráticos ou sintomáticos. A Psicanálise introduz a ideia de cisão subjetiva, que suspende a de sujeito epistêmico.
Multivariate analysis in the morpho-yield evaluation of forage cactus intercropped with sorghum
Authors: Jardim Alexandre M. da R. F. , Silva Thieres G. F. da , Souza Luciana S. B. de , Souza Marcondes de S. , Morais José E. F. de , Araújo Júnior George do N.
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACT Understanding the effect of the cropping system on the morpho-yield relationship of plants is crucial for success in the agricultural activity, mainly in arid and semi-arid regions, where there are major challenges for food production. In this study, the objective was to apply multivariate statistics in the morpho-yield evaluation of forage cactus clones in cropping systems as sole crop and intercropped with sorghum cultivars. The experiment was conducted in Serra Talhada, PE, Brazil, between March 18, 2017 and June 16, 2018. The design adopted was in randomized blocks with 12 treatments composed of three forage cactus clones in sole-crop system (IPA Sertânia, Miúda and Orelha de Elefante Mexicana) and nine forage cactus-sorghum intercropping systems with the cultivars 467, SF11 and 2502. Morphometric and phytomass measurements of forage cactus clones were performed throughout the cycle. The relationship between the morpho-yield traits of the clones was evaluated by means of principal component analysis. Cladode width, length, perimeter, and area are morphometric variables that determine phytomass accumulation in clones. The cropping systems did not influence the association of morpho-yield traits, but it depends on the genus of forage cactus. Negative correlations between cladode dimensions and phytomass of the clones of the genus Nopalea explained their lower phytomass accumulations. Principal components analysis makes it possible to elucidate associations between morpho-yield variables of forage cactus.
Exposicao ocupacional à hepatite C: saber operário e rotas inexploradas de propagação do vírus
Authors: Gaze Rosangela , Vasconcellos Luiz Carlos Fadel de
Published: November 2020

Resumo Introdução: lacuna de 50% na identificação de fontes de transmissão do vírus da hepatite C (HCV) torna plausível suspeitar da existência de elos epidemiológicos desconsiderados entre a infecção e acidentes de trabalho. Objetivo: apresentar e fundamentar hipótese de existência de rotas inexploradas de transmissão ocupacional do HCV por exposição a sangue/fluidos humanos em processos e ambientes de trabalho de qualquer setor produtivo. Métodos: análise baseada em revisão bibliográfica e documental em busca de evidências que possam relacionar a infecção pelo HCV a acidentes de trabalho e acerca da importância da articulação entre conhecimento acadêmico e saber dos trabalhadores na sua identificação e controle. Discussão: dados de acidentes com exposição a agente biológico destacam ocupações não comumente consideradas em estudos do HCV. Magnitude, infecção silenciosa e de longo curso e viabilidade ambiental do HCV por 16-23 horas conferem plausibilidade à hipótese de sua propagação em acidentes com ruptura de barreira cutânea, pelo contato direto entre trabalhadores e, indireto, no compartilhamento de instrumentos/ferramentas/robôs. Análises epidemiológicas que considerem o processo de trabalho podem contribuir para melhor compreensão da transmissão ocupacional do HCV. Os trabalhadores também devem protagonizar posição estratégica no desenvolvimento de investigações, indicadores e intervenções em todos os setores produtivos.
Fatores associados à realização de acolhimento pelas equipes da Atenção Básica à Saúde no Brasil, 2012: um estudo transversal
Authors: Giordani Jessye Melgarejo do Amaral , Amaral Júnior Orlando Luiz do , Hugo Fernando Neves , Hilgert Juliana Balbinot
Published: November 2020

Resumo Objetivo: Avaliar a prevalência e os fatores associados à realização de acolhimento pelas equipes da Atenção Básica à Saúde no Brasil. Métodos: Estudo transversal, realizado com equipes que aderiram ao PMAQ-AB 2012 (Ciclo I). O desfecho utilizado foi o ‘acolhimento pela equipe de saúde’; as variáveis independentes foram macrorregião, perfil municipal, índice de Gini e cobertura populacional da Estratégia Saúde da Família, reunião de equipe, estudo da demanda espontânea, consideração da opinião do usuário e existência de educação permanente. Realizou-se análise multinível, por regressão de Poisson. Resultados: A amostra foi composta por 13.751 equipes. A prevalência de acolhimento foi de 78,3% (IC95% 77,6;79,1). Na análise hierárquica, a maior prevalência de acolhimento foi entre as equipes pertencentes à região Sul (RP=1,37 – IC95% 1,27;1,48), tendo por referência a região Nordeste. Conclusão: Há uma distribuição desigual de equipes da Atenção Básica que realizam o acolhimento no país, possivelmente associada às iniquidades regionais.
Centrifuge study ofp–ycurves for vertical–horizontal static loading of piles in sand
Authors: Lu Wenjun , Kaynia Amir M. , Zhang Ga
Published: November 2020

Pile foundations for offshore structures are subjected to vertical–horizontal load combinations. The current design method separately analyses horizontal and vertical responses of piles without considerations of the combined effect of the loads on soil–pile interaction. However, there is experimental and numerical evidence that lateral behaviour of a pile–soil system can be affected by both axial compression and tension load on the pile. In this study, two single-pile and two tripod-pile centrifuge model tests under different loading conditions were analysed to investigate the influence of combined loads on the lateral response of the soil–pile system. The displacement and the bending moment were measured and analysed to highlight the behaviour of the pile–soil system under different loading conditions. The p–y (resistance–deflection) curves for the different tests were calculated and compared to reveal the influence of the axial load component on the lateral behaviour of soil–pile systems. It is concluded that compared with pure lateral loading, the p–y curves of piles under compression are steeper due to the soil densification effect, while the opposite is observed under tension load – that is, the p–y curves are gentler.