bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cardiovascular risk management: the success of target level achievement in high- and very high-risk patients in Hungary
Authors: Jancsó Zoltán , Csenteri Orsolya , Szőllősi Gergő Jószef , Andréka Péter , Vajer Peter
Published: August 2022

Background
The management of risk factors in patients with high cardiovascular risk and its effectiveness is of paramount importance. Over the last decade, several studies have examined the achievement of cardiovascular risk factors' target levels in Europe. In the present Hungarian study, we assessed the cardiovascular risk level of participants in a population aged 40–65 years and the success of achieving risk factors' target levels in high- and very high-risk individuals. We compared these results with those of two similar European studies.
Methods
Our survey is a cross-sectional study involving a total of 37,778 patients aged 40–65 years from Hungary in 2019–2020. Cardiovascular risk levels and target values were set according to the 2016 European guideline. Target achievement was examined in terms of body mass index, waist circumference, blood pressure, total-, LDL-, HDL- cholesterol, triglyceride and (in diabetics) HgA1c levels.
Results
For 37,298 people, all the data were available to determine their cardiovascular risk category. Of these, 23.1% had a high and 31.4% a very high cardiovascular risk (men: 27.1% and 39.6%, women: 20.5% and 26.1%). Achievement of the LDL-C target of 1.8 mmol/l was only 8.0% among patients at very high risk, which is significantly below the European average (29%). Blood pressure target level attainment among high-risk patients was better than the European average (63.4% vs. 44.7%), but slightly lower (49.4% vs. 58%) among very high-risk patients. The proportion of people with type 2 diabetes achieving HgA1c below 7% was 57.3% in the high-risk population and 53% in the very high-risk population, in good agreement with the European average success rates (58.5% and 54% respectively). Waist circumference below 88 cm for women and 102 cm for men was achieved by 29.4% of the very high risk group in our survey, below the European average of 41%.
Conclusions
Our results show that the success rate of cardiovascular risk management in Hungary is below the European average in several parameters. Our data also highlight the low effectiveness of obesity management in Hungary. General practice partnerships may be important sites for positive change.
Ferroptosis-related lncRNA NRAV affects the prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma via miR-375-3P/SLC7A11 axis
Authors: Zong Ke , Lin Caifeng , Luo Kai , Deng Yilei , Wang Hongfei , Hu Jianfei , Chen Shi , Li Renfeng
Published: August 2022

Ferroptosis has important value in cancer treatment. It is significant to explore the new ferroptosis-related lncRNAs(FRLs) prediction model in Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and the potential molecular mechanism of ferroptosis-related lncRNAs. We constructed a prognostic multi-lncRNA signature based on ferroptosis-related differentially expressed lncRNAs in HCC. qRT-PCR was applied to determine the expression of lncRNA in HCC cells. The biological roles of NRAV in vitro and in vivo were determined by performing a series of functional experiments. Further, dual-luciferase reporter and RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assays were used to confirm the interaction of NRAV with miR-375-3P. We identified 6 differently expressed lncRNAs associated with the prognosis of HCC. Kaplan-Meier analyses revealed the high-risk lncRNAs signature associated with poor prognosis of HCC. Moreover, the AUC of the lncRNAs signature showed the utility in predicting HCC prognosis. Further functional experiments show that the high expression of NRAV can strengthen the viciousness of HCC. Interestingly, we found that NRAV can enhance iron export and ferroptosis resistance. Further research showed NRAV via competitively binds to miR-375-3P and attenuates the inhibitory effect of miR-375-3P on SLC7A11, affecting the prognosis of patients with HCC. In conclusion, We developed a novel FRLs prognostic model with important predictive value for the prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma. NRAV plays an important role in ferroptosis induction through the miR-375-3P/SLC7A11 axis.
The oral bioavailability of soil-borne risk elements for small terrestrial mammals: Microtus arvalis (Pallas, 1778) and Apodemus sylvaticus L. and its implication in environmental studies
Authors: Cadkova Zuzana , Vořechovská Lenka , Javorská Denisa , Száková Jiřina , Tlustoš Pavel
Published: August 2022

The aims of this study were: i) to specify real risk elemetnt (RE) uptake by wild terresrrial mammals (A. sylvaticus and M. arvalis), ii) to describe RE distribution in critical organs such as liver and kidney, and iii) to determine potencial differences in RE toxicokinetics with regards to individual species or sex. Three groups of experimental animals were fed diets amended with soil and green biomass of hyperaccumulator Arabidopsis halleri with different RE levels. The contents of As, Cd, and Pb in the liver and kidneys of the animals reflected the element contents in the diet. Higher Cd and Pb accumulation ability was observed in A. sylvaticus compared to M. arvalis tissues, and an opposite pattern was recorded for As. Zn contents in tissues of both species remained unchanged, and total contents of Zn in the exposed animals even tended to decrease compared to the controls. Results of this study indicate a generally similar response of both species to elevated RE contents in the diet, confirming these wild rodents as suitable models for RE biomonitoring in ecosystems. However, our data highlights some distinction in As toxicokinetics in wood mice compared to that of field voles and a significantly higher accumulation of Pb and Cd in females. Therefore, factors of species and sex should not be overlooked if relevant data are to be obtained in environmental studies conducted on small terrestrial rodents.
Landau-Khalatnikov Subcircuit based Equivalent Circuit Model for Hybrid Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Pavu Kiran Susan , Jacob Jobymol
Published: August 2022

Hybrid perovskite solar cell technology has a distinct advantage over the conventional solar cell technologies due to its high predicted efficiency and low manufacturing cost. However, its commercialization is hindered by the unpredictability existing in its J-V characteristics leading to ambiguous efficiency estimation. Modeling the hysteresis in the J-V characteristics is a means of curtailing this ambiguity. It is established in literature that hysteresis models can be derived from the non-linear behavior of ferroelectric materials. Perovskite, which forms the light absorbing region of the solar cell is a ferroelectric material. In this paper, an equivalent circuit model for the hybrid perovskite solar cell is proposed in which the reasons for origin of hysteresis is characterized as varying capacitance to model hysteresis. A Landau-Khalatnikov subcircuit which portrays this variation is the principal addition to the conventional model to include hysteresis effect. The model parameters of the subcircuit are estimated from the inherent properties of perovskites. Hence, the proposed equivalent circuit model is completely physics based and it links the material property of perovskite to its equivalent circuit model parameters.
Evaluation of endo-perio lesions according to different specific classifications
Authors: Robo Ilma , Heta Saimir , Haxhiu Eva , Qirjaqi Bianka , Ostreni Vera
Published: August 2022

Introduction: Endo-perio lesions, beyond the clinical examination, are also assessed by means of radiographs. It is important that the radiographs used for diagnosis are accurate periapical radiographs, based on specific criteria. The study is of cross-sectional type with the collection of radiographic data on the appearance of endo-perio lesions in accurate periapical radiographs. The aim of the study is to evaluate the radiographic signs of endo-perio lesions, to enable the radiographic diagnosis of the lesions and then to divide them according to the subdivisions of the classification system of endo-perio lesions.Materials and methods: The study included 104 periapical radiographs of patients presented to a dental clinic, with objective and subjective complaints of the presence of endo-perio lesions. The radiographs were classified according to the accuracy criteria of periapical radiographs, criteria defined by Prichard. Accurate periapical radiographs were used to classify endo, perio, endo-perio lesions. Endo-perio lesions were classified based on the Simon et al classification and the Torabinejad and Trope classification.Results: The distribution of radiographs depending on the presence of endo or perio lesions varies as follows: endo lesions were presented in 32 cases or in 38% of the radiographs; perio lesions were present in 22 cases or in 26% of the radiographs and endo-perio lesions were in 30 cases or in 36% of the radiographs included in the study.According to the classification Simon etal. radiographs were divided: class a 40%, class b 20% class c 7% class d 10% and class e 23%.According to the Tobabinejad and Trope classification, endo-perio lesions were according to classes specifically: class a 60% class b 17% class c 23%.Conclusions: The main violation of the accuracy criteria of radiographs is mostly related to the displacement of the cone in the up-down direction, which is performed in support of the routine protocol in performing periapical radiographs.The values ​​in the study showed results on the frequency of occurrence relatively the same for both endo lesions and periodontal and in cases of occurrence of endo-perio combination. This data confirms the fact that endo-perio lesions have the same possibility of occurrence, both for endo-only lesions and for perio-only lesions. Despite the different types of endo-perio lesion classification, the distribution across the classification classes shows the same values ​​in equal percentages for true combined endo-perio lesions.
Evaluation of Postoperative Bleeding Control Employing Surgicel: An original article
Authors: Amjadi Mohsen , Hemmati-Ghavshough Mahdi , DadashKarimi Hamed , Mohammad-Rahimi Mohsen
Published: August 2022

BackgroundFor rapid control of bleeding as a potential surgical complication, various techniques and equipment have been developed that can be referred to as local hemostatic agents. Research shows that the Surgicel, as one of such agents, has a significant effect on reducing bleeding in most surgeries, however, in our experimental observations on patients undergoing open prostatectomy, not only no significant reduction was seen in the amount of bleeding, but also in some cases, the Surgicel led to infection. Therefore, in this study, the effect of the Surgicel on infection and bleeding in open prostatectomy was investigated.MethosThirty patients undergoing open prostatectomy were randomly divided into two groups. To control bleeding after suturing the bladder neck, the Surgicel was installed in the first group, while it was not installed in the second group. Hemoglobin, hematocrit, PT, PTT, INR, bleeding rate, and postoperative complications were evaluated in all patients.ResultsIn the studied groups, hemoglobin level and hematocrit percentage before surgery and on the first and second days after surgery along with coagulation status were compared in terms of PT, PTT, and INR. There were no significant differences between the studied variables and baseline variables.ConclusionThe present study revealed that the Surgicel in open prostatectomy cannot be effective in controlling bleeding and can lead to infection.
Factors Related to Sex Education Styles of Mothers to Educate Their Children In Iranian-Islamic Culture
Authors: Nesfchi Elnaz Faraji , Pouralizadeh Moluk , Khalesi Zahra Bostani , Maroufizadeh Saman
Published: August 2022

IntroductionSex education supports the development of suitable sexual behaviors in children. This study aimed to investigate the sex education styles and the related factors in a community of Iranian mothers.MethodsIn a cross-sectional study, from March to May 2021, 306 mothers with a 4-12-year-old child who were referred to all of the comprehensive health service centers in Rasht city were entered into the study. The tool was the questionnaire of parents' sex education styles with three dimensions strict, permissive and authoritative style. ResultsThe majority of the mothers had a mean age of 36.2±6.4 years. Score of authoritarian sex education style was significantly higher than the other styles (P <0.001). There was a significant relationship between the sex education styles with child's gender, type of school, parent's educational status, marital status, number of children, child's birth rank, parent's educational status, financial status, ethnicity, parent’s supervision on the child's technology use, parent’s participation in sex education training, and source of parent's information (p <0.05). ConclusionThe results showed the authoritative style was a dominant sex education style. Identifying the factors associated with types of child sex education styles has an important role in promoting the health of children and the community.
Anti-ENA Antibodies, ANA Patterns, Anti-ds DNA results, and Clinical Diagnosis: A Laboratory and Clinical Audit.
Authors: Anis Sabiha , Fatima Areej , Jabbar Sidra Abdul , Arain Tayyab
Published: August 2022

Background:The diagnosis of autoimmune diseases (AID) is challenging, due to overlapping features with other non-immune disorders. Anti-nuclear antibodies (ANA) /anti-cellular antibodies are the sensitive screening tests but anti-double-stranded-deoxyribonucleic-acid-antibody (anti-ds-DNA), and anti-extractable nuclear antigens (anti-ENA) are specific for AIDs. We aimed to look at anti-ENA in our patients and correlated them with ANA patterns, anti-ds-DNA and clinical diagnosis for proper interpretation and better patient management cost-effectively. Methods:A retrospective data analysis of 654 patients was done (1st-February-2019 to 31st –July-2021) who were tested for anti-ENA at the Immunology Department of Indus Hospital and Health Network. ANA and anti-ds-DNA results and clinical diagnosis were also analyzed for anti-ENA-positive patients. The statistical analysis was performed using IBM SPSS 24.0, P < 0.05.was considered statistically significant.Results:Anti-ENA was positive for at least one autoantibody in 245 (38.2%). ANA was positive in 97% of these patients (P=0.000) with speckled and homogenous as most predominant ANA patterns (63% and 33% respectively). Anti-SSA was the most common anti-ENA (n=50%) followed by anti-histones (23%), anti-Sm/RNP (26%), anti-nucleosome (22%). Among ANA-negative patients, anti-SSA was most common (n=5). Anti-ds-DNA was found in 66% of SLE patients. 14% of patients did not have a confirmed diagnosis before anti-ENA testing.Conclusions: Anti-ENA, ANA, and anti-ds-DNA antibodies are essential for AID diagnosis. However, their testing repertoire should follow an algorithm comprising of clinical features, followed by ANA results with nuclear, mitotic, and cytoplasmic patterns, anti-ENA, and anti-ds-DNA for a more meaningful, and cost-effective diagnostic approach.
Characteristics of continuous attention to visual and auditory channels of children aged 12-14 years: An ERP study
Authors: Yu Bingbing , Wang Enguo
Published: August 2022

Vision and auditory are the main channels for people to obtain information.Children's cognitive processing such as reading, calculation and thinking all depend on the participation of continuous attention, which is the guarantee for many cognitive processing processes to proceed smoothly. The characteristics and neural mechanism of continuous attention of children's visual and auditory channels are not clear. In this study, children aged 12 to 14 were tested using the method of Event-Related Potentials, CNV using an experimental paradigm, subjects were investigated visual and auditory channel of sustained attention in the process.The results showed that children aged 12 to 14 to keep the capacity is in rapid development period, from behavioral data, visual reaction channel relative to the auditory channel significantly delayed, visual channel P300 amplitude was significantly greater than the auditory channel.The results suggest that the visual channel needs to pay more cognitive resources. From the late CNV component, the average volatility of the auditory channel is significantly greater than the visual channel, auditory channel of sustained attention capacity significantly better than the visual channel.
PCSK9 dysregulates cholesterol homeostasis and triglyceride metabolism in olanzapine-induced hepatic steatosis via both receptor -dependent and -independent pathways
Authors: Zhu Wenqiang , Huang Piaopiao , Li Rong , Ran Juanli , Dai Wen , Tang Yaxin , Lian Pingan , Ding Chen , huang xiansheng
Published: August 2022

Background Long-term olanzapine treatment reportedly induces nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD); however, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Proprotein convertase subtilisin kexin type 9 (PCSK9) degrades low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) and is involved in NAFLD pathogenesis via unknown mechanisms. Here, we investigated the role and mechanism of PCSK9 in olanzapine-induced NAFLD.METHODS The mice model of olanzapien drives NAFLD was developed to investigate the role and molecular mechanism of PCSK9 in terms of hepatic cholesterol homeostasis and triglyceride metabolism in vivo. In vitro, rhPCSK9 protein and transient transfection of plasmid (SREBP1c and PCSK9 overexpression) and siRNA (SREBP1c siRNA, PCSK9 siRNA) were used to probe the specific molecular mechanism of PCSK9 in olanzapine-induced hepatic steatosis. The mRNA and protein exprssion of lipid-related genes were detected by RT-qPCR and western blotting, respectively, and protein expression in liver sections and cell lines was investigated using immunofluorescence.RESULTS Olanzapine increased PCSK9 expression by upregulating sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1c (SREBP-1c), which upregulated NCP1L1 promoting hepatocyte cholesterol intake. Olanzapine-mediated PCSK9 upregulation also increased the mRNA expression of factors involved in hepatic lipid synthesis (FAS, SCD1, and ACL), lipid uptake (FATP1), and cholesterol synthesis (HMGCR, HMGCS, and CYP51A1) but decreased that of factors involved in lipid oxidation (SCAD and PPARα), both of which contribute toward hepatic steatosis.CONCLUSION Our study, for the first, systematically analyzed the role of PCSK9 in olanzapine-induced NAFLD via both receptor-dependent and -independent mechanisms. We revealed that olanzapine enhances hepatic SREBP-1c expression, thereby increasing PCSK9 levels. This upregulates NPC1L1 and the expression of genes related to lipid metabolism, particularly those related to de novo lipogenesis and cholesterol biosynthesis. Thus, PCSK9 could serve as a target for the development of NAFLD therapies in olanzapine-treated patients with schizophrenia. Moreover, our findings suggest that PCSK9 inhibitors may have additional clinical benefits beyond treating cardiovascular diseases. Nonetheless, our study has several limitations, such as the lack of PCSK9-knockout mice, which could be conducive to unraveling the exact mechanisms underlying PCSK9-mediated effects on NPC1L1 and genes related to lipid metabolism, which require further investigation.
Stereoselective C–O Silylation and Stannylation
Authors: Hu Ying , Peng Jiali , Hu Binjing , Wang Jixin , Jing Jing , Lin Jie , Liu Xingchen , Qi Xiaotian , Li Jie
Published: August 2022

On the basis of umpolung strategy, a practical preparation of stereoselective tri- and tetrasubstituted alkenyl silanes and stannanes by performing cobalt-catalyzed cross-coupling between readily available alkenyl acetates and solid Me2PhSi‒ZnOPiv•Li2(Cl)(OPiv), as well as (nBu)3Sn‒ZnCl•LiCl under remarkably mild reaction conditions has been developed. In this reaction, direct C‒O bond silylation and stannylation character by their complete control of chemoselectivity, stereoselectivity, as well as excellent functional group compatibility, thus providing an expedient route to prepare tri- and tetrasubstituted alkenyl silanes and stannanes. The resulting polysubstituted alkenyl silanes and stannanes show high reactivity in arylation and alkenylation by Hiyama and Stille reactions. The synthetic utility of our protocol was further illustrated by the facile late-stage modifications of natural products and druglike molecules. Detailed mechanistic studies suggest that the reaction involves a chelation-assisted oxidative insertion of cobalt species to C‒O bond. We anticipate that our findings should prove instrumental for potential applications of this technology to organic syntheses and drug discoveries in medicinal chemistry.
High-Strength and High-Resilience PVA+AgNW/PDMS Co-Continuous Nanocomposite for Reusable Shock Absorbers
Authors: Kim Jongbeom , Al-Rub Rashid K. Abu , Han Seung Min
Published: August 2022

A 3D co-continuous polymer nanocomposite with high strength and high recoverability is demonstrated. This nanocomposite used hard-core-soft-matrix design which is suitable for obtaining the optimal strength. Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) was freeze-dried together with silver nanowires (AgNW) to fabricate a 3D porous structure as hard-core phase, which was then filled with polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) as soft-matrix phase via vacuum infiltration. The PVA + AgNW nanocomposite served as the hard core, with PDMS as the soft matrix, with this hard core-soft matrix design allowing for a combination of the excellent strength of the nanocomposite and the resilience of the PDMS. The addition of AgNWs strengthened the modulus of the freeze-dried structure over the 3 times and the comparison with the Halpin-Tsai model is indicated of AgNWs were well dispersed into the wall of the 3D structure. The vertical pore alignment of the freeze-dried structure resulted in an increased the strength. In addition, incorporation of hard core-soft matrix significantly increased the strength of the 3D nanocomposite up to 3.5 times that of the PDMS as a result of the co-continuous incorporation of hard and soft phases with well distributed 3D interfaces that also hindered crack propagation. Therefore, the PVA + AgNW 3D porous structure contributed by strengthening and toughening of the entire composite, resulting in increasing energy loss coefficients of nanocomposites, which showed good shock absorbance.
Machine learning algorithms for predicting days of high incidence with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest
Authors: Shimada-Sammori Kaoru , Shimada Tadanaga , Miura Rie E. , Kawaguchi Rui , Yamao Yasuo , Oshima Taku , Oami Takehiko , Tomita Keisuke , Shinozaki Koichiro , Nakada Taka-aki
Published: August 2022

Background: Predicting out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) events might contribute to the improvement of OHCA patients’ outcomes. We hypothesized that machine learning algorithms using meteorological and chronological information would predict high OHCA incidence.Methods: We used the large Japanese population-based repository database of OHCA and weather information. The data of Tokyo (2005-2012) were used as the training (derivation) cohort and the data of the top six most populated prefectures of Japan (2013-2015) as the testing (validation) cohorts. Eight machine learning, including eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost), were used. The primary outcome was high-incidence days, defined as the daily events exceeding 75% tile of our dataset in Tokyo between 2005-2015. In addition, we used the Shapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) values to evaluate the contribution of each feature to the model. Secondly, we compared the daily OHCA incidence between the elderly and non-elderly patients to determine the impact of meteorological and chronological information. Results: The training cohort included 96,597 OHCA patients. In the primary analysis of the training cohort, eight machine learning models achieved an area under the receiver operating curve (AUROC) above 0.89. Among these, XGBoost had the highest AUROC of 0.906 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.868–0.944). In the test cohorts, the XGBoost prediction algorithms had the similarily high AUROC values (Tokyo 0.923, Kanagawa 0.882, Osaka 0.888, Aichi 0.889, Saitama 0.879, Chiba 0.862). The SHapley Additive exPlanations values indicated that the “mean temperature on the previous day” had the highest impact on the model. In the secondary analysis, the lower mean temperature of the previous day was associated with the higher daily incidence in the elderly population. OHCA incidence was highest on Sundays and Mondays in the elderly group, whereas on Mondays in the non-elderly group.Conclusions: Algorithms using machine learning with meteorological and chronological information could accurately predict OHCA events.
Association between furosemide administration and outcomes in patients undergoing cardiac surgery
Authors: Li Jinghang , Wang Xufeng , Cai Zhonglin , Shen Xian , Zhou Chunlei
Published: August 2022

Background: Furosemide is widely used during the perioperative period of cardiac surgery. But the influence of furosemide on outcomes after cardiac surgery remains uncertain. We aim to investigate the relationship between furosemide usage and clinical outcomes among cardiac surgery patients.Methods: Patients who underwent cardiac surgery were identified from MIMIC‑III database. In order to fully and comprehensively assess the influence of furosemide, we transform the total dosage of furosemide into four new variables (total dose of furosemide≥200mg, total dose of furosemide/weight, average daily dose of furosemide, and average daily dose of furosemide≥20mg/d) for further analysis. Cox and logistic regression analysis were used to evaluate the associations between five furosemide related variables and clinical outcomes of cardiac surgery accordingly. Results: A total of 6,752 cardiac surgery patients were included in this analysis. 84.0% patients have used furosemide after cardiac surgery. In the cox regression after adjusted all confounding factors, average daily dose of furosemide (HR 1.07; 95% CI 1.003-1.011; P=0.001), average daily dose of furosemide≥20mg/d (HR 2.099; 95% CI 1.221-3.606; P=0.007) and total dose of furosemide≥200mg (HR1.975; 95% CI 1.095-3.562; P=0.024) were associated with increased risk of in-hospital mortality. Total dose of furosemide (HR 1.00; 95% CI 1.000-1.001; P=0.023) and average daily dose of furosemide (HR 1.003; 95% CI 1.001-1.006; P=0.016) were associated with increased risk of one-year mortality. In the logistic regression after adjusted all confounding factors, all five variables of furosemide usage were significantly increased the risk of length of ICU stay≥3d and mechanical ventilation≥48h; total dosage of furosemide, total dose of furosemide ≥200mg, total dose of furosemide/weight were associated with a higher risk of length of hospital stay≥14d.Conclusions: We demonstrated that high dose of furosemide was associated with increased mortality and adverse outcomes among cardiac surgery patients. It suggests that high-dose furosemide should be cautiously used in cardiac surgery patients.
Glioma prognosis evaluation using multiparametric MR and radiomics models focusing on the peritumoral region
Authors: Hou Qiuyang , Ye Chengkun , Liu Chang , 邢 Jiang hao , Ge Yaqiong , Deng Kexue
Published: August 2022

Background To observe the clinical values of glioma prognosis using the radiomics model established based on the axial T1WI, T2WI plain scan and T1WI enhanced images of the glioma peritumoral area. Methods 138 glioma patients were retrospectively analyzed. MITK software was used to obtain the peritumoral area 5mm, 10mm, and 20mm from the tumor edge and extract texture features. The texture features were screened and the radiomics model was established, the radiomic score was calculated. A clinical prediction model and a combined prediction model along with Rad-score and clinical risk factors were established. The combined prediction model was displayed as a nomogram, and the predictive performance of the model for survival in glioma patients were evaluated. Results In the validation set, the C-index value of the radiomics model based on the peritumoral region 10mm away from the tumor edge based on T2WI images was 0.663 (95%CI=0.72-0.78), resulting in the best prediction performance. On the training set and validation set, the C-index of the nomogram was 0.770 and 0.730, respectively, indicating that the prediction performance of nomogram was better than those of the radiomics model and clinical pathological model. The model had the best prediction effect on the 3-year survival rate of glioma patients. Conclusion The combined prediction model based on the preoperative T2WI images in the peritumoral region 10mm from the tumor edge and the clinicopathological risk factors can accurately predict the prognosis of glioma, providing the best effect of prediction on the 3-year survival rate of glioma.
An Efficient Computation of Discrete Orthogonal Moments for Bio-Signals Reconstruction
Authors: Fathi Islam S. , Ahmed Mohamed , Makhlouf Mohamed
Published: August 2022

Bio-signals are extensively used in diagnosing many diseases in wearable devices. In signal processing, signal reconstruction is one of the essential applications. Discrete Orthogonal Moments (DOMs) are effective analysis tools for signals that can extract digital information without redundancy. The propagation of numerical errors is a significant challenge for the computation of DOMs at high orders. This problem damages the orthogonality property of these moments, which restricts the ability to recover the signal's distinct and unique components with no redundant information. This paper proposes a stable computation of DOMs based on QR decomposition methods: the Gram-Schmidt, Householder, and Given Rotations methods. It also presents a comparative study on the performance of the types of moments: Tchebichef, Krawtchouk, Charlier, Hahn, and Meixner moments. The proposed algorithm's evaluation is done using the MIT-BIH arrhythmia dataset in terms of mean square error (MSE ) and peak signal to noise ratio ( PSNR). The results demonstrate the superiority of the proposed method in computing DOMs, especially at high moment orders. Moreover, the results indicate that the Householder method outperforms Gram-Schmidt and Given Rotations methods in execution time and reconstruction quality. The comparative results show that Tchebichef, Krawtchouk, and Charlier moments have superior reconstruction quality than Hahn and Meixner moments, and Tchebichef generally has the highest performance in signal reconstruction.
Oral health-related quality of life and its association with oral health literacy and dental caries experience among a group of pregnant women: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Shahpari Mojdeh , Shekarchizadeh Hajar , Mousavi Mahsa Sadat
Published: August 2022

Background: Oral health plays an important role in general health of the pregnant women and their newborns. The aim of this study was to assess oral health-related quality of life and its association with oral health literacy and dental caries experience among a group of Iranian pregnant women.Methods: Applying a convenient sampling method, a cross-sectional study was conducted on 200 pregnant women attending a governmental hospital in Isfahan, Iran, in 2019. Self-administrated questionnaires requested information about women’s demographics, their oral health-related quality of life utilizing Oral Health Impact Profile-14 (OHIP-14), and their oral health literacy utilizing Oral Health Literacy-Adult Questionnaire. A senior dental student conducted clinical examination under the artificial light of a headlamp based on the WHO (World Health Organization) criteria to record dental caries experience with Decayed, Missing and Filled Teeth (DMFT) index. Mann-whitney U test, Kruskal–Wallis test, spearman correlation coefficient, and a linear regression model served for statistical analysis (p<0.05). Results: The mean age of the pregnant women was 28.8 ± 5.5. About half of the women (49.5%) had a high school diploma, and 84% were homemaker. The mean score of OHIP-14 was 13.2 ± 9.0 (range 0-38). The mean score of oral health literacy was 9.7 ± 3.2 (range 1-16). The mean DMFT was 9.8 ± 5.2. In multivariate analysis, higher score of OHIP-14 was associated with higher caries experience (p<0.05).Conclusions: Higher caries experience was associated with more effects of oral problems on pregnant women’s quality of life. Thus, it is recommended to increase their oral health-related quality of life via preventive measures to control the dental caries experience.
The quality problems in low irradiance at grid connected photovoltaic systems
Authors: adak suleyman , Cangi Hasan
Published: August 2022

The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
A tin-based tandem electrocatalyst for CO2 reduction to ethanol with 80% selectivity
Authors: Ding Jie , Yang Hongbin , Ma Xuelu , Liu Song , Liu Wei , Mao Qing , Huang Yanqiang , Li Jun , Zhang Tao , Liu Bin
Published: August 2022

To date, only Cu-based catalysts have been used to generate appreciable C2 chemicals via the electrochemical CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR). Here we report a Cu-free, Sn-based tandem electrocatalyst consisting of SnS2 nanosheets and single Sn atoms coordinated with three oxygen atoms on three-dimensional (3D) carbon, which exhibits significant catalytic performance for selective reduction of CO2 to ethanol with a maximum selectivity of approximately 82.5% at 0.9 V versus the reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE) and more than 70% over a wide electrode potential window from − 0.6 to -1.1 V versus RHE. This new catalyst maintains 97% of its initial activity (with a geometric current density of 17.8 mA·cm− 2 at 0.9 V versus RHE) after 100 hours of reaction. First principles modeling shows that the dual active centers comprising Sn and O atoms that can respectively adsorb *CHO and *CO(OH) intermediates, therefore promoting C-C bond formation through an unprecedented formyl-bicarbonate coupling pathway.
Exploring pharmaphylogeny from multiple perspectives: A case study on Lithospermeae
Authors: Yan Yumei , Wei Xinxin , Qiu Bin , Wang Guoping , Zhou Baochang , Zhang Mingxu , Liu Yibo , Li Siqi , Gao Bowen , Li Minhui
Published: August 2022

Lithospermeae, a tribe under the subfamily Boraginoidae, is a perennial herb containing about 470 species under 26 genera, mainly distributed in temperate and tropical regions. To gain a deeper understanding of the medicinal plants of Lithospermeae and better protect and develop plant medicinal resources, the phytochemistry, pharmacology, and traditional use of Lithospermeae with medicinal value were analyzed. Phylogenetic analysis was carried out based on the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequence. Through spatial analysis and the species distribution model, the spatial distribution pattern of Lithospermeae medicinal plants was analyzed. At the same time, the relevant targets and pathways involved in the pharmacological effects of commonly used medicinal plants were predicted using network pharmacology to further explore the genetic origin of Lithospermeae and enrich the pharmaphylogeny of medicinal plants. In this study, the chemical composition, traditional efficacy, modern pharmacological activity, geographical distribution model, molecular phylogeny, and network pharmacology of Lithospermeae were analyzed for the first time. Based on our findings, the pharmaphylogeny of Lithospermeae was preliminarily discussed, providing the scientific basis for basic research regarding Lithospermeae. At the same time, this study explored the relationship between the development of the regional medicinal plant industry and the protection of biodiversity. Furthermore, our findings provide direction and theoretical guidance for the study of the phylogenetic relationships in medicinal plants and the development of Lithospermeae medicinal plant resources.
Shortening L-DOPA testing time in the diagnosis of growth hormone deficiency: is it possible?
Authors: Castelli Barbara , De Santis Rita , Carrera Simona Gilda , Stagi Stefano
Published: August 2022

Introduction: Growth hormone deficiency (GHD) diagnosis in childhood is based on clinical and auxological assessment, combined with biochemical tests, but the reliability of pharmacological provocative tests in diagnosing GHD in children remains disputed. In recent years several papers have been published on standardizing the duration of the test for some stimuli. The aim of our study is to analyze the L-DOPA test, evaluating whether it is possible to shorten it to 90 minutes, without changing its validity, to reduce healthcare costs and patient’s discomfort.Methods: In a retrospective study, we investigated the response of Growth Hormone (GH) to L-DOPA test in 256 children (147 males, 109 females, 177 prepubertal, 79 puberal), analyzing a total of 267 L-DOPA test performed. The inclusion criteria were height less than -2 SD below the mean for the normal population and/or a subnormal growth velocity. Exclusion criteria were genetic, oncological, or neurological diseases. Based on the results of the stimulation tests, we divided the patients into two groups: patients with diagnosis of GHD (two different deficient provocative tests carried out in two different occasions), and patients with idiopathic short stature (ISS), who satisfied auxological criteria presenting at least one normal response to provocative tests. We analyzed the same data considering GH peak threshold value both at 8 ng/ml (value considered as the cut-off in Italy) and at 10 ng/ml (international cut-off for the diagnosis of GHD). We first described the results in the whole population and then clustering the population for gender and pubertal stage.Results: With a GH threshold value of 8 ng/ml, shortening L-DOPA test time from 120 to 90 minutes would have changed test results in 7 of the 267 analyzed tests (2.62%). With a GH threshold for the diagnosis of GHD at 10 ng/ml, shortening L-DOPA test time from 120 to 90 minutes would have changed test results in 3 of the 267 analyzed tests (1.12%).Conclusion: The L-DOPA test can be administered for 90 minutes without significantly changing its validity to minimize patient discomfort and healthcare costs.
Smart Water Heater System Monitoring And Controlling Using Arduino Board
Authors: Elnour Khalifa Dai
Published: August 2022

Smart water heating systems have become an important topic in all applications, especially industrial applications with a wide range of efficient temperatures. The system basically includes a voltage regulator, a dry resistor, a temperature sensor, an LCD, a relay, a heater, and a microcontroller. The temperature difference on the surface of the processor allows for rapid heat storage. Arduino UNO is used to regulate voltage, sense temperature and make production. The concept of draft is devised, created and evaluated. After adjusting the temperature to various levels and checking the final output, the heater turned on / off when the unit exceeded the set value. Therefore, the temperatures in cold and hot regions are more efficient at reaching thermal equilibrium as the water rises.
Biochemical and Microbiological Aspects of the Oral Cavity of Children and Young People With Neurological Impairment and Oropharyngeal Dysphagia
Authors: Duarte Janaina Costa Marangon , Costa Isabela Bazzo , Teixeira Daniel De Bortoli , Fregatto Luiz Fernando , Mendes Claudemir Gregorio , Mascarin Aline Maria Noli , Junior Salum Bueno da Silveira , Serva Bianca Eduarda Baptistella Mesquita , Comar Livia Picchi , Silva Roberta Gonçalves da , Junior Francisco Agostinho , Cola Paula Cristina
Published: August 2022

Background
The components and the salivary flow have a direct influence on the composition of the oral microbiota of children and young people with oropharyngeal dysphagia, studies have already demonstrated excessive accumulation of supragingival dental calculus in individuals with enteral nutrition. This study aimed to compare the oral hygiene, biochemical, and microbiological aspects of the oral cavity of children and young people with neurological impairment and oropharyngeal dysphagia.
Methods
Forty children and young people with neurological impairment and oropharyngeal dysphagia were enrolled and divided into two groups: group I, including 20 participants fed via gastrostomy; and group II, including 20 participants fed via the oral route. Oral hygiene and salivary pH and flow were assessed, and polymerase chain reaction was performed to evaluate the messenger RNA expressions of Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tanerella forsythia, and Treponema denticola.
Results
In groups I and II, the mean Oral Hygiene Index - Simplified scores were 4 and 2, respectively, showing a significant difference; the mean Calculus Index scores were 2 and 0, respectively, showing a significant difference; and the mean pH was 7.5 and 6.0, respectively, showing a significant difference. Bacterial analysis indicated no association between the two groups.
Conclusion
Children and young people who use gastrostomy had a poorer oral hygiene, greater dental calculus deposition, and higher salivary pH. Saliva of patients in both groups contained Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tanerella forsythia, and Treponema denticola.
A novelty mandrel supported thin-wall tube bending cross-section quality analysis: a diameter-adjustable multi-point contact mandrel
Authors: Li Jie , wang zili , Zhang Shuyou , Lin Yaochen , Wang Le , Sun Chang , Tan Jianrong
Published: August 2022

The mandrel plays a vital role in metal tube bending limit improvement and high-quality achievement. For the bending forming process of metal tubes with different diameters, the corresponding mandrel needs to be customized, which has the disadvantages of a long design cycle, high manufacturing cost, and low reuse rate. To tackle this issue, a novelty concept of diameter adjustable mandrel (DAM) based on the multi-point contact was put forward to adapt different diameters tubes bending processes. Since the point-contact characteristics of the DAM can lead to irregular cross-section deformation, the cross-sectional full profile radial error (FP-RE) model was proposed as a more comprehensive evaluation model to measure the deformation degree of the whole bending cross-section. A diameter-adjustable DAM was adopted in the AISI 304L tubes (the inner diameter = 40–56 mm) bending experiments. The maximum absolute error of FP-RE was 0.11% compared with the ones obtained from FEA in Abaqus/explicit. In addition, the effects of the DAM characteristic parameters, viz., the support blocks amount, the effective magnification, and the effective support diameter, on the tube forming quality were discussed. The results indicated that: (a) An even number of support blocks could prevent the collapse of the outer convex tube wall and improve the quality of the inner concave tube wall. (b) When the DAM was used in the large inner diameter tubes bending, the larger non-contact area would cause an increase in the roundness section distortion. (c) For the tubes with the same diameter, a larger DAM diameter would lead to a smaller cross-section deformation degree, while the wall thinning was just the opposite. Finally, the result also proved that the DAM (the minimum effective diameter is 40 mm with six support blocks) could be used for tubes with an inner diameter of about 40–56 mm, and the forming quality was acceptable.
Patient engagement in Pharmacovigilance: determinants and evolution of reporting from 2011 to 2020 in France
Authors: Adopo D. , Daynes P. , Benkebil M. , Debs A. , Jonville-Berra AP , Polard E. , Micallef J. , Maison P.
Published: August 2022

Introduction: Because patients and patient organizations want to strengthen their role in the care pathway and drug evaluation and in order to improve pharmacovigilance activities, European competent authorities implemented regulations to allow direct reporting of adverse drug reactions related to medicinal products by patients in 2012. Objectives: Describe and study determinants and evolution of patient reporting activity in France to assess patient involvement in pharmacovigilance.Method: Using the French national pharmacovigilance database, univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to compare characteristics of patients and healthcare professionals (HCP) adverse drug reaction (ADR) report from 2011 to 2020. Then, we analyzed ADR report activities from patients according to regional demographics and economics characteristics.Results: We observed a significant and higher increase in ADR report over time from patient (r=0.89, p<0.001) compared to HCP reporting (r=0.27, p=0.002). Patient ADR report activities compared to HCP concerned more women (80% vs 55%, p<0.001), younger age classes (p<0.001) or reporting through web portal (83% vs 17%, p<0.001) and less serious events (26% vs 63%, p<0.001). In the principal component analysis, regional patient reporting activity was mainly related to socio-professional categories, age classes and densities of hospital beds and physicians. Conclusion: Our results confirm an increasing involvement of patients in ADR report activities. The determinants of patient reporting activities are not only related to drug and medical factors but also to social factors. Digital tools may also play a role in health democracy in pharmacovigilance.
Magnitude and associated factors of delirium among patients attending emergency department at Jimma medical center, Jimma, southwest Ethiopia, 2022
Authors: Sileshy Bethelhem , Tesfaye Yonas , Ababu Henok
Published: August 2022

Background:Delirium is a complex neuropsychiatric syndrome commonly encountered across all healthcare settings. It is associated with adverse outcomes including more prolonged hospitalization, institutionalization and increased mortality. In contrast to its frequent occurrence and negative consequences, delirium is missed by emergency physicians (EPs) in 57% to 83% of cases. Furthermore despite to its clinical importance, there is little documentation regarding delirium prevalence and physician detection rates within the emergency setting.Objectives:This study aimed to assess magnitude and associated factors of delirium among patients attending emergency department at Jimma medical center, Jimma, southwest Ethiopia, 2022.Methods:A hospital based cross-sectional study was conducted from August 1st up to September 30, 2022. 422 study participants were enrolled who were selected by systematic random sampling. The presence or absence of delirium was assessed by using Confusion Assessment Method (CAM) and Richmond Agitation Sedation Scale (RASS) was employed to assess distinct subtypes of delirium and level of arousal. The data was entered using Epi Data V3.1 and exported to Statistical Package for Social Scientists Version 20(SPSS V20). To find associated factors, bivariate and multivariable logistic regressions were used. Variables having a p-value of less than 0.05 were deemed statistically significant.Result:The prevalence of delirium was found to be 26.6%(n=107), current use of alcohol (AOR=3.6, 95 percent CI (2.5-8.1), visual impairment (AOR=2.34, 95 percent CI (1.89-3.68), frequent admission (AOR=3.47(1.24-7.34), bladder catheterization (AOR=1.4, 95 percent CI (1.21-2.89), 15.993), and benzodiazepine exposure (AOR=1.5, 95 percent CI (1.01-2.3) had significant association with delirium.Conclusion:This study shows the prevalence of delirium was high among patients in emergency ward. Current use of alcohol, visual impairment, frequent admission, bladder catheterization, and benzodiazepine exposure had significant association with delirium. Early recognition is important to correct identifiable cause and improve health outcome of patients.