bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Neuropathic pain: Definition, classification and treatment
Authors: Azanjac-Arsić Ana
Published: July 2024

Pain is an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage. According to the International Association for the Study of Pain (IASP), neuropathic pain is pain caused by a lesion or disease of the somatosensory nervous system. The prevalence of neuropathic pain in the general population ranges from 6.9 to 10%. According to the 2008 grading system, neuropathic pain is divided into three classes: possible, probable, and definite neuropathic pain. Concerning the clinical presentation, neuropathic pain is divided into spontaneous and evoked. Chronic neuropathic pain is persistent or recurrent pain lasting at least three months. Depending on whether the somatosensory part of the central or peripheral nervous system is affected, it is divided into two large groups: central and peripheral neuropathic pain. The group of peripheral neuropathic pain includes: trigeminal neuralgia, phantom limb, painful radiculopathy, postherpetic neuralgia, painful polyneuropathy, and pain caused by injury to peripheral nerves. Central neuropathic pain is pain caused by a lesion or disease of the central somatosensory nervous system. The most common conditions that lead to central neuropathic pain are: spinal cord injuries, brain injuries, stroke and multiple sclerosis. The first line of treatment for neuropathic pain is tricyclic antidepressants (amitriptyline), antiepileptics (pregabalin, gabapentin) and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (venlafaxine and duloxetine). The second line of therapy for neuropathic pain includes opioid analgesics: tramadol/tramadol ER and tapentadol. Morphine and oxycodone are recommended as a third treatment option. In addition to pharmacological, non-pharmacological treatment methods are also used, including: blockade of peripheral nerves, epidural application of corticosteroids, radiofrequency neuroablation, peripheral and central neurostimulation, as well as various methods of physical therapy.
Pharmacotherapy of chronic noncancer pain in adults
Authors: Pjević Miroslava
Published: July 2024

Chronic non-cancer pain (CNCP) in adults is one of the most common reasons for which patients seek medical help. Chronic pain is present in about 20% of the world's adult population and as a global health problem requires greater attention from every society. Chronic pain has a negative impact not only on the individual but by increasing costs, directly on the health system and indirectly on the economy of the whole society. Its adequate treatment is a human right, and every healthcare system must ensure it. In this regard, great progress has been made with the implementation of chronic pain in the revised ICD-11, which will contribute to changing health policy and focusing more attention on the prevention and treatment of chronic pain worldwide. Integrative pharmacological and nonpharmacological therapeutic approaches with the patient in focus (patient-centric approach) have the strongest evidence of effectiveness; because they reduce not only the intensity of pain but also improve physical, psychological, and social functionality and increase patient satisfaction. Individually tailored balanced pharmacological approaches for different phenotypes of chronic pain (nociceptive, neuropathic, nociplastic) involve the use of nonselective and selective non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), acetaminophen, antidepressants, anticonvulsants, other adjuvant therapies and opioid analgesics. These pharmacological approaches based on mechanisms, intensity of pain, and comorbidities, contribute to the optimization of individual therapeutic goals and the maximization of safety and quality of life of persons being treated. Liberalization of opioid prescription in CNCP and inadequate selection and follow-up of patients have contributed to opioid prescription reaching epidemic proportions in the USA, Canada, and some Western European countries and led to the phenomenon of medicalization, iatrogenesis, and fatal outcomes, i.e. opioid crisis. The U.S. Centers for Disease Control (CDC, 2022) guideline for opioid prescribing is summarized in 12 key recommendations based on strong evidence and related to initiation of opioid therapy, opioid selection, dose determination, duration of therapy, monitoring, and assessment of potential side effects from the use of opioids.
Complex Regional Pain Syndrome: A different point of view
Authors: Tomašević-Todorović Snežana , Savić Damjan
Published: July 2024

Complex Regional Pain Syndrome (CRPS) is a disease that significantly reduces functional ability and is characterized by pronounced, persistent pain, which often affects one limb. Despite advances in research and treatment, CRPS remains a challenge to diagnose and treat effectively. CRPS mostly affects people between the ages of 40 and 60, with a higher prevalence in women. The pathophysiology of CRPS includes a complex interplay of neuroimmunological, neuroplastic and nociceptive mechanisms. CRPS is characterized by a diverse spectrum of clinical manifestations that reflect a complex interaction of sensory, motor, autonomic, and inflammatory processes. The diagnosis of CRPS requires a multimodal approach that integrates clinical evaluation, diagnostic criteria, and additional testing. The Budapest criteria represent standardized diagnostic criteria, including sensory, motor, vasomotor and sudomotor symptoms. The therapeutic approach to CRPS includes a variety of therapeutic modalities aimed at alleviating pain, improving function, and improving quality of life. A multimodal interdisciplinary approach including pharmacological, non-pharmacological and interventional modalities is necessary for comprehensive treatment. Further research is needed to elucidate the underlying mechanisms and optimize therapeutic strategies for patients with CRPS. This review paper aims to provide a thorough analysis of CRPS, incorporating current research findings to advance understanding and inform evidence-based treatment strategies.
Preliminary analysis of the influence of changing distance between piles on horizontal acceleration elastic response spectra for pile-supported structure
Authors: Miladinović Borko , Jeremić Boris , Tomanović Zvonko
Published: July 2024

In the professional literature, the seismic load of pile-supported structure is divided into kinematic seismic load and inertial seismic load from superstructure. Due to the deficiencies in the legal framework in Montenegro (standard MEST EN 1998 - official Montenegrin counterpart of the European seismic standard Eurocode 8), civil engineers when defining seismic load of the pile-supported structure in practice almost every time treat only inertial seismic load from superstructure. Except the problematic neglect of the kinematic seismic load, the way in which the inertial seismic load is defined is also problematic. Due to the deficiencies in the legal framework not only in our country but also worldwide, civil engineers for defining the inertial seismic load of pile-supported structures in practice use elastic and design (inelastic) acceleration response spectra, which are prescribed generally for structures neglecting type of their foundations. This is rather rough and unrealistic assumption. This paper presents part of the results of 2D dynamic analyses of soil-pile-structure interaction, which were performed using the modern Domain Reduction Method, with the aim of preliminary investigating the seismic response of buildings founded on piles. In particular, the presented results show how changing distance between piles affects to the horizontal acceleration elastic response spectra at the base level of analysed pile-supported RC frame. In this way, pile foundation characteristics influence on the intensity of the superstructure seismic load is indirectly analysed. As expected, preliminary analyses have shown that in case of small distance between the piles (2d or 3d), this influence can be very significant. In this specific case, when the piles at the lower end are fixed in the bedrock, that influence is favourable because smaller elastic spectral accelerations are obtained for the complete range of periods (less seismic load of the superstructure). Of course, for some general conclusions and proposals, it is necessary to perform a significantly larger number of dynamic analyses with different configurations and characteristics of the soil-piles-structure system and seismic excitations. It is planned for the next period.
Machine learning applications in automotive engineering: Enhancing vehicle safety and performance
Authors: Mondal Surajit , Goswami Shankha
Published: July 2024

In recent years, the automotive industry has witnessed a significant paradigm shift with the integration of Machine Learning (ML) techniques into various aspects of vehicle design and operation. This paper explores the burgeoning field of ML applications in automotive engineering, particularly focusing on its role in augmenting vehicle safety and performance. ML algorithms, powered by advancements in data analytics and computational capabilities, offer unprecedented opportunities to enhance traditional automotive systems. From predictive maintenance to autonomous driving, ML techniques enable vehicles to perceive, interpret, and respond to complex real-world scenarios with remarkable precision and efficiency. This paper provides an overview of key ML applications in automotive safety, including collision avoidance systems, adaptive cruise control, and driver monitoring. Furthermore, it examines how ML algorithms contribute to optimizing vehicle performance through predictive modeling, fuel efficiency optimization, and dynamic vehicle control. Moreover, the challenges and future prospects of integrating ML into automotive engineering are discussed. These include issues related to data quality, model interpretability, and regulatory standards. Despite these challenges, the rapid advancements in ML technology hold immense promise for revolutionizing the automotive industry, paving the way for safer, more efficient, and intelligent vehicles of the future.
Predictive modeling of stroke occurrence using Python for improved risk assessment
Authors: Pucar Đorđe , Šimović Vladimir
Published: July 2024

This paper examines the use of Machine Learning (ML) techniques, particularly Logistic Regression and Random Forests, to predict the occurrence of strokes. It integrates demographic, clinical, and lifestyle factors. The study uses Python as the primary tool for model development and analysis, focusing on binary classification to categorize individuals as either having had a stroke or not. The dataset includes attributes such as age, gender, hypertension, smoking status, and more, which are used to train and evaluate the models. Through extensive experimentation and evaluation, the paper demonstrates the effectiveness of Logistic Regression and Random Forests in stroke prediction. Logistic Regression provides a straightforward baseline, while Random Forests offer higher predictive accuracy. The findings highlight the importance of ML-based approaches in healthcare risk assessment and showcase Python's versatility in facilitating such analyses.
Unveiling the characteristics of the EU charismatic leaders using PIPRECIA-S method
Authors: Mirčetić Vuk , Popović Gabrijela , Vukotić Svetlana
Published: July 2024

One of the popular leadership styles in politics is charismatic leadership, which implies that leaders possess unique qualities that set them apart from others, enabling them to mobilise the masses, gain support, win elections, and inspire them towards a common goal. Although many important studies have been undertaken regarding leaders and evaluating leadership qualities, there is a particular gap regarding examining charismatic leadership competencies using MDCM (Multiple-Criteria Decision-Making) methods. This paper aims to fill the scientific gap and provide a different insight into leadership competencies by evaluating the characteristics of the EU charismatic leaders in the 21st century using the PIPRECIA-S method. Drawing on previous research, this article provides a a more fine-grained perspective of the literature on leadership competencies and using PIPRECIA-S method to rank charismatic leadership competencies of EU leaders, and provide insights into European Union leaders' qualities, focusing on their strengths and areas for development. The findings highlight the importance of specific competencies in effective leadership, such as stability, discernment, education, analytical thinking, and learning from mistakes. This article also displays the effectiveness of MDCM methods in evaluating leadership competencies, providing a robust framework for estimating leadership in political and other contexts. The findings have implications for policymakers, organizations, and individuals seeking to develop leadership competencies in the European Union, candidate countries and beyond.
Perceived academic control, task value and digital distraction during online learning: The mediating role of boredom
Authors: Cvetković Kristina , Opsenica-Kostić Jelena
Published: July 2024

Focusing and regulating attention play a major role in avoiding digital distractions and maintaining focus on academic activities. Boredom is known to divert attention away from activities that lack value and towards activities that are stimulating, therefore this research examines the mediating role of this emotion in the relationship between perceived academic control, task value on the one hand, and digital distraction propensity on the other. The research sample consisted of 281 university students in Serbia who attended online classes, of which 86.1% were female. The instruments used in the research were the Achievement Emotions Questionnaire -Short version (AEQ-S), the Online Learning Motivated Attention and Regulation Strategies (OLMARS) questionnaire, the Perception of Academic Control Questionnaire (PAC), and Task Evaluation subscale from Motivated Strategies for Learning Questionnaire (MSLQ). The results indicate that boredom in class and during learning achieves complete mediation in establishing a relationship between academic control and the perception of discontinuity of attention, awareness of the problem with attention caused by lingering thoughts, and distraction due to the sounds of social media notifications. Boredom in class fully mediates the relation-ship between academic control and the use of behavioral strategies, as well as the relationship between task value and perception of a problem with attention caused by lingering thoughts. Both boredom in class and during learning achieves a full mediation effect on the relationship between task value and perception of attention discontinuity, and the relationship between task value and distraction from social media notification sounds. The obtained results follow the Control Value Theory of Achievement Emotions. People who experience boredom may have difficulty regulating media use and are more prone to digital distraction. Implications as well as future research opportunities are discussed.
Inclusion in education and hearing impairment
Authors: Vuković Bojana , Ristić Ivana , Ćalasan Slađana
Published: July 2024

Throughout history, the education of those who are deaf or hard of hearing has undergone significant changes. In recent times, there is an increasing shift towards inclusive education, emphasizing equal opportunities and tailored support for deaf students. This paper provides a bibliometric analysis o f the literature on inclusion in deaf education, identifying key trends and areas for further research. The Dimensions database was chosen and data were analyzed using the VOSviewer software tool. Four clusters of most co-occurring word were found. The largest is the green cluster, where the most frequently repeated words are "deaf student," "language," "bilingual education,"and "perspective."In the blue cluster, the most prominent nodes are the words "deaf," "sign language," "interview," "class," and "literature."In the red cluster, the most common words are "disability," "community," and "university." The yellow cluster is the smallest and consists of only a few words, where the most common ones are "family," "professional," and "age." Researchers should conduct more studies on how technology can be incorporated into inclusive education for deaf students. It is crucial to focus on creating innovative assistive devices that can improve these students' access to information and their ability to communicate effectively. Future researchers should continue to work in collaboration with individuals with hearing impairment to ensure that their experiences, needs, and perspectives are central to research and development of inclusive practices in education.
The relationship of developmental disorder of articulation and oral praxis
Authors: Čolić Gordana , Miljković Miljan , Janjić Jovana
Published: July 2024

Articulation disorder is a developmental disorder that manifests in the early development period. It may occur due to a primary disorder such as anatomical deviations and sensory disorders, but they can also exist without any clear cause as a specific articulation disorder, most often related to the immaturity of oral praxis. The aim of this paper is to determine the frequency of articulation disorders and its relationship with oral praxis in preschool children. The sample consisted of preschool age children, of both sexes, with typical development (N=60).The quality of voice pronunciation was determined based on the Triage Articulation Test, while oral praxis was examined using the Oral Praxis Test. It was found that a large number of the examined children have a disorder in the pronunciation of one or several voices. A statistically significant correlation was found between immature oral praxis and articulation disorders (r=0.364; p=0.004).Although there is a significant association between articulation disorder and immature oral praxis, without evaluating other possible causes, it cannot be confidently asserted that immature oral praxis is the cause of developmental articulation disorder.
Assessing the effectiveness of participatory irrigation management approaches to improve water use efficiency and equity in Ghana
Authors: Opoku Darko , Abubakar von , Kobina Sam-Amoah , Danso Owusu-Sekyere , Nyameche Mark
Published: July 2024

Participatory irrigation management (PIM) is widely used to improve water use efficiency and equity in irrigation systems. This study investigated the effectiveness of participatory irrigation management approaches to improve water use efficiency and equity in Ghana. A survey was conducted among farmers who use participatory irrigation management approaches and those who do not use such techniques. The results showed that farmers using participatory irrigation management approaches had higher water use efficiency and more equitable water allocation than farmers not using such approaches. In addition, the study found that various factors, including the level of farmer participation, the availability of water resources and the level of support from governmental and non-governmental organizations, influence the effectiveness of participatory irrigation management approaches. The study recommends that policy makers and stakeholders provide adequate financial and technical support for PIM initiatives to make water use more efficient and equitable in Ghana.
Growth and yield effects of cucumber in a soilless greenhouse using cocopeat and rice husk as growing media
Authors: Chikwue Maxwell , Ezem Rachael , Nwakuba Nnaemeka , Okogbule-Wonodi Achinike
Published: July 2024

This study was conducted to determine the growth and yield performance of cucumbers planted using agricultural wastes that served as a planting media (soilless farming) against traditional soil planting. The research was carried out in a greenhouse of 10.64 m2 area. The experiment was randomized in a complete block design which comprised two treatments and three replications with a control experiment (soil farming). The treatments were: T1 and T2 irrigated manually at intervals of once per day. The physicochemical parameters of the culture media were determined, also the agronomic parameters (growth indices) of the plants were determined and the results were subjected to statistical analysis. The result showed that T2 (100% rice husk) had the highest plant height of 151.0 cm on average, and a pedicel length of 12. 8cm.T2 (100% rice husk) produced the highest cucumber fruit yield of 0.53 kg/m2 with an average length and size of 23.77cm and 542.73 cm, respectively while T1 (100% cocopeat) produced the lowest yield of cucumber for harvest. The control experiment (soil), with the highest average stem diameter of 2.57 cm had an average fruit length and size of 23.77 cm and 429.5 cm, respectively. The difference between the culture media was significant (P < 0.01) as yield and some other growth indices were higher in rice husk growing media.
Transformation of business under the influence of artificial intelligence
Authors: Buha Vesna , Lečić Rada , Berezljev Ljiljana
Published: July 2024

The use of artificial intelligence (AI) in business ventures is becoming more common. Innovative ideas and concepts, along with AI, lead to greater efficiency in work. How far-reaching are its possibilities, and where should the limits be set? Examples of good business practices such as AI in customer service provide answers to these and other research questions. The Dutch airline company KLM Royal Dutch Airlines has introduced "AI - assisted human agent". By introducing artificial intelligence, KLM achieves a 35% increase in work efficiency. Monitoring the outcome of the use of AI, user reactions and business effects, clearly indicates the possibilities and adequate limits in which it is possible to leave decision-making to machines, and which segment of work remains the responsibility of human resources. Research results of Forbes Advisor (2023) indicate that the most common use of AI is in Customer Service, Cyber Security, Digital Personal Assistants, Customer Relationship Management (CRM), etc. The effects of using AI are expected to increase productivity, improve customer relations, increase sales, etc.
Notes on indigenous people from the south of the Dalmatia province: Examples from East Herzegovina
Authors: Samardžić Gligor
Published: July 2024

The paper presents data on indigenous people from the area of East Herzegovina (the south of the province of Dalmatia). After the defeat of the Illyrians and the establishment of educational goals in the Roman province of Dalmatia, territorial and ethnic changes occurred with certain tribes that academic circles were poorly informed about. The indigenous feature, as indicated by the Illyrian names on the epigraph statues of East Herzegovina, is significant. By conquering the Illyrian territory and establishing power over it, the Romans left its inhabitants certain autonomy, followed by the processes of urbanization and Romanization from the 1st to the 4th century. After occupying the Illyrians, the period in which the indigenous people were introduced into Roman social and political order commenced. The following period was marked by the penetration and establishment of the ancient culture and civilization in the Balkans as well as by the work on the rule managemant with the Illyrians. Epigraph statues, various archeological findings and oral sources shed light to a certain extent on these processes in the territory of East Herzegovina. Archeological research and epigraph materials point to the conclusion that the areas in the inland of East Herzegovina (the south of Dalmatia) in the Roman period managed to perservere their regional ethnic characteristics for an extended period of time, which is best seen in the onomastics from Dobrićevo, Ljubomir, Fatnica, and Nevesinje. Some of the characteristic names found on epigraph statues from this area are Zorada, Zanatis, Tattaris, Temus etc. Regional onomastics testifies that the traditional lifestyles perservered in the Roman period for an extended period of time. However, inscriptions can still be found with indigenous Illyrian names that were to some extent adapted to the Roman onomastic system.
Icons of zograf Hajji Kostadin Krstev in Dobrotin and Kosovska Kamenica
Authors: Ženarju-Rajović Ivana
Published: July 2024

In the churches of St. Dimitrije in Dobrotin near Lipljan and St. Nicholas in Kosovska Kamenica, there are iconostases whose icons were painted by the painter Hajji Kostadin Krstev from Veles in 1862. He worked on the territory of the Diocese of Raška and Prizren in the first half of the seventh decade of the 19th century, when he painted the church of the Devič monastery, created the iconostasis in the church of the Holy Archangel Gabriel in Veliko Ropotovo near Gnjilane, the iconostasis and wall painting in Dobrotin, as well as all icons, apart from those of the Great feasts, for the iconostasis in the church of Saint Nicholas in Kosovska Kamenica. Also, with the painter Ignjat from Veles, who helped him in painting of the church in Dobrotin, he created painted decoration for the throne of the miracle-working icon of Peć. The iconostases in Dobrotin and Kosovska Kamenica, as well as the one in Veliko Ropotovo, are modest three-zone wooden constructions. They were made according to the Balkan cultural model and zographic pictorial poetics, and they differ slightly from each other in terms of dimensions and the number of icons. Both iconostases have modest or no relief decoration. The iconostasis in the church of St. Demetrius in Dobrotin has only two throne icons and high parapets under them, the imperial doors that are not even painted, and north and south doors that are painted. Above the throne icons there are two rows of icons, arbitrarily arranged, with figures of saints and representations of Great feasts. At the very top of the iconostasis, there is a monumental cross with the crucifixion of Christ. On several icons in the higher zones, there were inscriptions, but only the one on the icon of the Shroud of the Holy Virgin is preserved and states that it was a gift from Milovan Rašić. The names of other donors are not legible. The iconostasis represents a unique whole with the wall painting. The iconostasis in the church of St. Nicholas in Kosovska Kamenica has a somewhat different appearance, but it was made and painted according to the same pictorial and dogmatic principles. It has five throne icons, the imperial and northern doors. In the second zone, there is a row of icons with the figures of the apostles, and above them a row of icons of the Great feasts, which are the work of Vasilije Djinoski. At the top, there is a painted Crucifixion of the Christ, set on the relief dragons. This paper presents in detail the iconography of all the icons, which were simultaneously compared to each other, as well as to the icons painted a year earlier in Veliko Ropotovo.
Garantías de la libertad de expresión en redes sociales y medios. Doctrina de la Junta Electoral Central durante los comicios españoles celebrados en 2023
Authors: Corredoira y Alfonso Loreto
Published: July 2024

Respecto al estado de la cuestión (1. Introducción) constatamos, por un lado, que en España hay un vacío legal respecto a la regulación y responsabilidad de las redes sociales (como señala la STS 35/2022), a lo que se añade que toda la Unión Europea está a la espera de la efectiva aplicación de la reciente Ley de Servicios Digitales (DSA) de 2022. Por otro, que en período electoral son las Juntas electorales las legitimadas en primera instancia para poner límites. Sin embargo, en ocasiones las redes sociales han actuado como “juntas electorales paralelas” tomando decisiones automatizadas o no afectando a partidos, coaliciones o candidaturas; Twitter (ahora X), Facebook (ahora Meta) o WhatsApp, por ejemplo.
Abordamos en el apartado 2 las garantías jurídicas frente a la desinformación destacando, por un lado, la libertad de prensa y de expresión y, por otro, el papel institucional dado a las autoridades electorales en España por la Ley Orgánica 5/1985, de 19 de junio, del Régimen Electoral General (LOREG). En el apartado 3 se analizan específicamente las decisiones de la Junta Electoral Central (en adelante JEC), tanto en las precampañas de los comicios del 28 de mayo y 23 de julio de 2023 como en las campañas en sí. Mientras que en el primer caso nos centramos en el uso de redes sociales por candidaturas (Instagram y Twitter), en este último caso destacamos casos relativos a narrativas y bulos de fraude del voto por correo, así como en decisiones de la Junta sobre cobertura de medios, debates de televisión, columnas de opinión, o del acceso de periodistas a los mítines.
Respecto al método y desarrollo, combinamos el manejo de fuentes primarias de la JEC, con el análisis de bulos y supuestos de fraude denunciados en los medios, a través de la herramienta de detección del Observatorio Complutense de la Desinformación.
Una de las conclusiones es que la JEC sí ha respetado el papel de la prensa y el derecho a la información del art. 20 CE de los medios. Y otra es que, en la necesaria actualización de la LOREG, hay fortalecer el papel de la JEC pues, en la práctica, no tienen hoy una capacidad de respuesta a la altura o dimensión de los problemas encontrados, en parte porque las redes sociales están en otras jurisdicciones y porque carecen de medios e infraestructura para la supervisión que se espera de ellas.
Libertad de pensamiento en la era algorítmica: proceso electoral y "democracia burbuja"
Authors: Cocchiara Emanuele
Published: July 2024

La "era algorítmica" está dominada por actores privados digitales que condicionan la vida cotidiana de las personas. La nueva fase del capitalismo con el big data y la IA como pilares está cambiando el acceso a la información y, en consecuencia, la libertad de moldear nuestro pensamiento. A través de la personalización de cualquier contenido digital, se anima a todo el mundo a enfatizar sus prejuicios, haciendo que el debate público y político sea más polarizado y con menos diálogo y compromiso. En este trabajo se analizará cómo las nuevas tecnologías, a través de las plataformas digitales, están condicionando los procesos electorales, la libertad de expresión y la libre formación de la voluntad electoral. Por último, se hará hincapié en cómo la correcta regulación de la Unión Europea debe fortalecerse con el papel de las constituciones nacionales capaces de proteger a los ciudadanos y al orden democrático.
La persona humana, los Derechos Humanos y las cuestiones bioéticas en la Constitución de la República de Cuba de 2019
Authors: Izquierdo Toledo Yoandy
Published: July 2024

La Constitución de la República de Cuba de 2019 es un símbolo de continuidad del proceso revolucionario que ha sufrido el país a lo largo de las últimas seis décadas. En ella no se esclarecen presupuestos sólidos respecto a cuestiones bioéticas que establezcan la primacía de la persona humana; más bien en su articulado se refuerzan criterios que han sido parte del marco normativo cubano en su sistema totalitario. La Constitución de la República de Cuba de 2019 pone al descubierto que el gobierno cubano mantiene su modelo económico, político y social, e introduce ligeras reformas que no modifican, en esencia, los principios del Partido único (Partido Comunista de Cuba) y la Revolución. En este trabajo se aborda una visión acerca del derecho constitucional en Cuba como premisa para el análisis que se realiza específicamente sobre los fundamentos de la Bioética en la Constitución de 2019, el respeto fundamental a la vida, la lucha armada y el condicionamiento de los Derechos Humanos a un sistema político y una ideología; así como la subordinación de la familia y el sistema de educación a la potestad por parte del Estado totalitario. Se realiza un análisis de la Historia Constitucional cubana, fundamentalmente en la etapa posterior al 1ero de enero de 1959 y se debaten algunos artículos esenciales en la más reciente Carta Magna. Finalmente se establece una comparación entre la Constitución de 2019 y la Constitución de 1940 en cuanto a derechos y libertades. La nueva Constitución se considera una Constitución impuesta donde no aparecen principios bioéticos con rango constitucional lo que mantiene a la persona humana fuera del centro de todo tipo de relación y pueden continuar sufriendo daños su dignidad y sus derechos, como ha operado hasta la actualidad el sistema totalitario cubano.
Procedimiento para la Conceptualización de Casos y Planificación del Proceso Psicoterapéutico Mediante Mapas Cognitivos Borrosos del Sistema de Significados Personales de los Clientes [2C3P-MCB]
Authors: Botella García del Cid Luis
Published: July 2024

Se presenta un procedimiento para la conceptualización de casos y planificación del proceso psicoterapéutico mediante Mapas Cognitivos Borrosos (MCBs) del sistema de significados personales de los clientes. Esta herramienta, integrada con la Psicología de los Constructos Personales y los principios del Pensamiento Sistémico, permite modelar el sistema dinámico del cliente, identificar sus componentes, analizar patrones e interacciones, y relacionarlo con arquetipos sistémicos conocidos. Esto posibilita una comprensión profunda e idiográfica de la situación, vislumbrando las estructuras y modelos mentales subyacentes que generan dinámicas disfuncionales. Se demuestra su aplicación mediante un caso clínico. El procedimiento sienta las bases para diseñar intervenciones personalizadas que promuevan cambios transformadores en múltiples niveles, abordando la complejidad de los sistemas humanos con métodos y modelos igualmente complejos y dinámicos.
construção do pensar: um estudo comparativo entre Bion e Winnicott
Authors: Almeida Alexandre Patricio de , Naffah Neto Alfredo , Pereira Vieira Filipe
Published: July 2024

Pretende-se, neste artigo, elucidar e comparar as concepções de pensamento segundo Bion e Winnicott. O estudo inicia-se com uma análise detalhada da teoria de Bion sobre o pensar, especialmente no contexto da psicose, conforme explorado em seu texto “Uma teoria do pensar” de 1962. Em seguida, examina-se a visão de Winnicott sobre o desenvolvimento do pensamento, destacando sua abordagem sobre a maturidade emocional e a integração do self. A partir disso, o artigo empreende uma comparação minuciosa entre as técnicas psicanalíticas de ambos, focando-se em um caso clínico de esquizofrenia tratado por Bion, no seu ensaio “Notas sobre a esquizofrenia” de 1953.
Die verwundbare Demokratie
Authors: Steinbeis Maximilian
Published: July 2024

Lesen Sie das Buch zum Thüringen-Projekt!
Evaluation Results and Recommendations of a Novel Tricuspid Regurgitation Classification for Isolated Tricuspid Valve Replacement Surgery
Authors: Yu Jie , Ma Rui , Dong Lei , Liu Lu , Wang He
Published: July 2024

Background: There are still no accepted classification and recommendations for isolated tricuspid valve replacement (ITVR) surgery. So we aim to evaluate the applicability of the tricuspid valve regurgitation classification proposed by Latib in 2018 for ITVR surgery. Methods: We enrolled all patients who underwent ITVR from 2000 to 2021 in our center. Based on a novel classification, the patients were divided into five stages, and in-hospital mortality was used as the primary endpoint to analyze whether this classification scheme was a good way to evaluate the prognosis of patients at different stages and with different surgical options. Results: A total of 254 patients who underwent ITVR were divided into five stages. None of the patients was classified into stage 1, and stages 4/5 accounted for 159 (62.6%). There was no difference in age, gender, or body mass index (BMI). 178 (70.1%) patients underwent traditional open surgery and 76 (29.9%) opted for the transcatheter option. The main etiology was functional tricuspid regurgitation (FTR), with 64.9% of these patients in stage 4 or above. The overall in-hospital mortality rate was 14.2%, with 14.0% in stage 4 vs. 37.8% in stage 5 (p < 0.001). The patients in the intervention group were generally older, and coronary heart disease and atrial fibrillation were also more common (p < 0.05). Interventional mortality for stages 4 and 5 was 35.8% vs. 13.2% in the open group, but there was no significant difference between them after propensity score matching. Conclusions: The tricuspid regurgitation's (TR's) five-stage classifications can predict prognosis for different patients. After this classification, no difference was found between the two procedures, and open surgery is recommended for patients with acceptable general conditions.
Synthesis and Applications of Onium Salts for Photopolymerization Reactions
Authors: Abu-Abdoun Ideisan I. , Aale-Ali Aale-Ali
Published: July 2024

The synthesis and characterization of phosphonium and arsonium salts having anthraquinone and anthracene moiety was carried out by reacting equimolar amounts of halomethyl anthracene or anthraquinone with triphenylphosphine or triphenyl arsine in toluene solvent. The halide counter (Cl or Br) ion was exchanged with hexafluoro antimonate (SbF6-) which proved to be a useful photoinitiator for polymerizing cyclohexene oxide, styrene, p-methyl styrene, and N-vinylcarbazole. The experimental results demonstrate the effects of salt, monomer structures, and the photolysis time on the rate of polymerization and the number average molecular weight of the obtained polymer. These salts are easy to handle, nonhygroscopic under laboratory conditions, and they have good solubility in halogenated solvents such as dichloromethane and chloroform.
Cuidados enfermeros en la prevención del sobrepeso en escolares
Authors: Jiménez Caro Tamara
Published: July 2024

Las cifras sobre niños con sobrepeso y obesidad han aumentado de forma exponencial en las últimas décadas, convirtiéndose en un problema de salud pública de gran calado, motivo más que suficiente y justificado para crear un plan de acción que ponga freno y revierta la situación.
Las enfermeras escolares son claves en las intervenciones tempranas dirigidas a estos problemas de salud infantil tanto en prevención como  promoción de la salud, convirtiéndose en agentes de salud activos dada su labor diaria.
Varios estudios sobre la comunicación entre éstas y padres de escolares revelaron una falta de conocimiento en habilidades y herramientas en comunicación.
Describieron la experiencia estigmatizante sobre obesidad y sobrepeso, ya que destacan infinidad de maneras de comunicación y expresión emocional en la asunción de estos problemas.
Se muestra claramente una inconsistencia en la forma de proceder y justifica más aún la necesidad de crear procedimientos unificados y basados en la evidencia.
Por lo que es necesaria una profunda puesta en común de criterios y destrezas a fin de elaborar un plan de salud estratégico a nivel escolar y unificar las líneas de actuación acorde a un protocolo general y común que, además, pueda ser individualizado a cada alumno y sus particularidades.
En adición a estos requerimientos, se hace patente la necesidad de aumentar la formación de los profesionales en habilidades de comunicación eficaz y asertividad.
Con todo esto conseguiremos empoderar al escolar y su familia siendo capaces de manejar destrezas útiles en la adquisición de estilos de vida saludables.
Rol de enfermería en el cuidado paliativo al adulto mayor
Authors: Fonseca Yanni Raul , Parra Espinosa Carmen Rosa , Aristizabal Romero Angie Stefannia , Castañeda Perilla Sara Viviana
Published: July 2024

Describir el rol de enfermería en el cuidado paliativo del adulto mayor a través de una revisión integrativa de la literatura. Los cuidados paliativos se han convertido en una de las necesidades de cuidado a ser abordadas por el personal de enfermería; esto relacionado con los nuevos cambios demográficos en el mundo, las nuevas dinámicas a nivel internacional de las enfermedades transmisibles y no transmisibles, entre otras; generan necesidades de un rol acorde a las exigencias del entorno cambiante enfermería no es ajeno a esa situación.
Does Religiosity and LGBTQ Inclusiveness ImpactThe Probability of Financial Statement Manipulation?
Authors: Foster Benjamin P. , Preece Dianna
Published: July 2024

Previous research finds that greater gender diversity and inclusion in firms, on boards of directors, and on audit committees, improves the quality of financial reporting, lowers the likelihood of accounting restatements, and decreases the likelihood of financial misconduct. This is the first study to examine whether lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgendered, queer, or questioning (LGBTQ) diversity in companies will also result in higher ethical actions regarding financial statements. With regression analyses, this study examines whether companies’ Corporate Equality Index (CEI) ratings of support for the LGBTQ community, as a measure of diversity, help explain companies’ M-scores or manipulation scores, a measure of accounting-based earnings manipulation. Likewise, we examine if the religiosity of the county where a company is headquartered influences the company’s manipulation score because previous research finds that companies headquartered in more religious areas are less likely to engage in financial misconduct. We conduct OLS and logistic regression analysis with M-score as the dependent variable, and headquarters area religiosity and company CEI ratings as independent variables of interest. Regression results provide little indication that the people's religiosity in the county where a corporate headquarters is located affects the firm’s M-score. However, we find that the higher the CEI rating, the lower the probability of financial statement manipulation as measured by the M-score. This study sheds light on an underexplored aspect of corporate governance and diversity,further reinforcing the notion that diversity benefits companies in many ways, including those tied to governance.
Membudayakan Kepemimpinan Transformasional di Lembaga Pendidikan Islam
Authors: Abadullah Rosyaad  , Binti Maunah  , Achmad Patoni
Published: July 2024

The transformational leadership style with the relational relationship model used will foster trust in followers which is capital for the growth and development of sharing knowledge. The results of research from Lowe et.al in 1996 on 39 transformational leadership studies conducted in various countries showed that transformational leadership was effective. This research aims to find the concept of cultivating transformational leadership in Islamic Education Institutions. Research result; 1) The cultivation of transformational leadership in Islamic educational institutions can be carried out based on centralized policies with a structured coercive approach either through official policies, guidebooks for heads of educational institutions or simply appeals supported by the practice of transformational leadership behavior by leaders above as a model; 2) The cultivation of transformational leadership in Islamic educational institutions can also be done using an awareness approach where every leader of an educational institution at every level is enlightened regarding the concept and practice of transformational leadership along with its advantages and disadvantages so that they are made aware of implementing transformational leadership; 3) In the context of educational institutions that adhere to a semi-centralized system such as in Indonesia with a pragmatic character possessed by the majority of madrasah and department heads, the first approach is more effective in cultivating transformational leadership throughout existing Islamic educational institutions.
Mukjizat Rasulullah Berupa Al – Qur’an
Authors: Dicky Syahfrizal  , Airil Ihza Harefa  , Husain Akbar  , Aziz isroq
Published: July 2024

The miracles of Prophet Muhammad SAW have distinct advantages compared to the miracles of other prophets. All previous miracles were limited in time and space, and were only shown to certain people at specific times. The miracle of the Qur’an is universal and eternal, applicable to all of humanity until the end of time. Therefore, the Qur’an is the greatest miracle of all the miracles that Allah SWT bestowed upon the previous prophets and upon Prophet Muhammad SAW himself. The miracle of Prophet Muhammad SAW manifests as a spiritual miracle that is rational, eternal, and everlasting. This is recorded in the Noble Qur’an as the greatest miracle performed by Prophet Muhammad SAW. Likewise, the miracles that were previously given to the prophets and messengers are no longer visible physically, except for the stories known as the Greatest Miracle of Prophet Muhammad SAW from the news of the Qur’an.
Pengembangan Materi Fikih Jenjang SMP Pada Indahnya Berpuasa di Kelas VIII
Authors: Zaitun Sulaiman  , Faridi Faridi
Published: July 2024

The purpose of this study is to understand the extent to which fasting material is taught in class VIII junior high school. This research uses the literature study method, in which data is collected from the fiqh teacher's book and student book in the class. The data obtained were then analysed and presented. The results showed that the material on fasting in the fiqh textbooks of grade VIII students was still lacking in depth and breadth. Therefore, it is expected that teachers can enrich the material taught by considering facts, concepts, principles, and procedures that must be clear, functional, valuable, and easy to understand. This step is taken to ensure that students not only know the development of science and technology but can also balance it with the religious knowledge they learn. It is hoped that the research activities that include the revision and development of fiqh subject matter will yield positive results. The new fiqh materials are expected to be more weighty, effective, and easier to understand by both teachers and students.
Evaluation of a Traditional Rice Husking Mill
Authors: Das A. K. , Saha C. K. , Alam M. M.
Published: July 2024

Rice milling process is an important post harvest operation. Present day most of the traditional husking mills like Engleberg huller are being replaced by automatic and semi automatic mill. The study was undertaken to identify the present status of Engleberg type rice husking mill in terms of capacity, technology, quality, milling losses; identify and analyze the financial performance, constraints; and recommend the priority interventions for updating the rice husking mill. The capacity of the mill was identified as 0.2 ton per hr and the capacity utilization was found as 20.83%. The products of the husking mill were identified as whole rice 62.5%, broken rice 7.5%, husk & bran 25%, and loss 5% respectively. The annual operating cost was estimated as Tk. 101,998 per year. The operating cost was estimated as Tk. 56.67 per hour and Tk. 283.35 per ton. The revenue was estimated as Tk. 225,000 per year and net margin was estimated as Tk. 341.67 per ton. The benefit-cost ratio was found to be 2.21 which indicate the business is very profitable. The return on investment was estimated at 1.21, which means that the capital will be returned within several years. Engleberg huller mills are facing some problems which must overcome for sustainability of this mill. The estimated financial performances of the husking mill were found impressive and the business seems to be sustainable. However, to compete with the quality rice produced form automatic and semi-automatic rice mills improved modern technologies to be adopted in the existing Engleberg type rice husking mills.