bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CITIZENSHIP EDUCATION AT THE TIME OF PROFESSIONALIZATION OF THE POLISH ARMED FORCES AS ASPECT OF EDUCATION FOR SECURITY
Authors: MORAWIAK Agnieszka
Published: January 2020

Security is essential for every society and stands for the basic need of a human being and social development. At the time of globalisation and computerisation, security is closely related to knowledge. A contemporary person is a witness to and a participant of civilization acceleration, in which knowledge and access to it play a major role. Information nowadays facing a global change becomes, on the one hand, a factor of growth; on the other hand, it assumes new forms of threat.The reform of the Polish Armed Forces and its transformation have extorted a new look on the preparation of soldiers to fulfil their tasks and duties. These days security ought to be considered not only as a military matter, since ethical, ecological issues along with opposing economic interests and socio-cultural and ubiquitous terrorism pose a great threat. As well as this, the army ought to adjust to playing new roles and the evaluation of real and potential threats should determine the programme of soldier education along with the creation and promotion of the right attitude in the Polish society.
POLISH SECURITY STRATEGIES IN THE LATTER HALF OF THE TWENTIETH CENTURY
Authors: KAJETANOWICZ Jerzy
Published: January 2020

The article presents the main concepts of the Polish military security strategy after WW2. Three main periods have been identified: the first one in the years of 1945-1955, the second one in the years of 1955-1991 and the third one in the years of 1991-1999. The first period includes the development of domestic security concepts during the post-war period. In the second period the participation of Poland in the Warsaw Pact as a collective security system has been elaborated. The last one, the end of the 20th century, describes the concepts of the Polish national security under the conditions of forced military self-reliance.
PROBLEM OF SECURITY IN NORTHERN POLAND FOLLOWING WORLD WAR II
Authors: ŁACH Wiesław
Published: January 2020

This article focuses predominantly on analysing the role of the northern area of Poland in the security system of Poland following World War II. The separation of the area from the national defence system of the country resulted from the specific nature of incorporating a part of the former Eastern Prussia into Poland and its neighbourhood with the Soviet Union.In view of the Polish national administration, the area included the Olsztyn Voivodeship and part of the Gdansk Voivodeship east of the Vistula and the Bialystok Voivodeship bordering the Kaliningrad District. According to the military division of the country, the area was part of the Warsaw Military District and the Pomeranian Military District.The time frame was determined by the establishment and ultimate designation of the northern border in 1957, when Poland and the Soviet Union signed a treaty regarding the marking of the existing national border between Poland and the Soviet Union adhering to the Baltic Sea (5 March 1957).The article examines the political and military circumstances in which Poland’s northern border was determined, it assesses it operationally and determines the status of the northern area of Poland in the country’s security system.The subject has not been widely examined and literary sources are scarce. Most of the materials can be found in the Central Military Archives and the Border Guard Archives in Kętrzyn.Northern Poland has always been a key operational area, yet its defensive weakness, in the former political arrangement, was greatly affected by the proximity of the Soviet Union. The problem of defending Poland’s northern border was a dilemma that was increasingly growing in difficulty over the years. There were a large number of factors causing it, and it was in the sphere of defence that they manifested themselves most visibly.
SELECTED ASPECTS OF KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT AT HIGHER EDUCATION SCHOOL
Authors: WEŁYCZKO Lesław , LANDMANN Tomasz
Published: January 2020

This article points out to some aspects of knowledge management in the educational process of a higher education school and its surroundings. Without proper human capital of lecturers (academic staff), students and the structural capital of the school, the expansiveness, movement and conversion of knowledge would not be possible.In a knowledge society, the role of academic education is widely perceived, and its tasks and missions continue to intensify, attempting to keep up with the increasingly globalized contemporary world – in different areas and fields, in which a human being operates, having an influence on its continuous progress, namely evolution.Academic education is the driving force of economic and social life. Academic thought, scientific potential and scientific research conducted at higher education schools, co-operation between academics and students in this field with public administration and scientists (the university environment), on whom the future of the nation depends, are just key demands presented in this article.
COUNTERING IMPROVISED EXPLOSIVE DEVICES IN THE LIGHT OF AJP-3.15 ALLIED JOINT DOCTRINE
Authors: AMBROZIAK Radosław , AMBROZIAK Sławomir , KATULSKI Ryszard
Published: January 2020

The article presents the assumptions of the AJP-3.15 Doctrine regarding the methods of countering improvised explosive devices. The authors of the article describe and discuss the risks of IED attacks and the ways to eliminate them and minimize the consequences of their use. They briefly present a proposal for a new system for countering IEDs.
NON-MILITARY CELLS IN STATE MILITARY SECURITY SYSTEM
Authors: ZAMIAR Zenon , ZAMIAR Piotr
Published: January 2020

The subject of the article is the role and place of non-military cells, including public administration, in the system of the military security of the state. The article presents the classification of non-military cells, the essence of their activities and tasks in the defence system of the state.
BRITTLENESS PROBLEM OF PUDDLED STEEL RESULTING FROM MICROSTRUCTURAL DEGRADATION PROCESSES IN TERMS OF STATIC, CYCLIC AND DYNAMIC TESTS
Authors: LESIUK Grzegorz , RABIEGA Józef , SZATA Mieczysław
Published: January 2020

In the paper the investigation results of puddled steel from nineteenth-century constructions are presented. The results of static tensile tests after more than 130-year operating period: fracture toughness, the critical value of the J integral and the fatigue crack growth, and dynamic tests – toughness results are presented in this article. The results show a significant effect of degradation processes. The abovementioned processes caused the brittleness of puddled steel. All the tests were performed for the material in two states, i.e. post-operated and normalised ones. In accordance with the guidelines developed in the framework of the degradation theory [4] and its material aspects [8], normalising is designed to reproduce the microstructure of steel in the initial state. The results presented allow us to draw the conclusions about trends related to the nature and future negative changes in mechanical properties.
HUMAN POTENTIAL AND HUMAN CAPITAL. ANTHROPOLOGICAL APPROACH
Authors: ZABIEROWSKI Mirosław
Published: January 2020

The article presents the meaning of human potential in philosophical and cultural anthropology. It shows that the understanding of human capital in management science should be based on the concept of human being and human activity as well as on ethics. The subjective treatment of a human being is important not only for human culture but also for the effectiveness of an organisation, human resources management and sustainable development.
ROLE OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN MANAGEMENT
Authors: SIUTA-STOLARSKA Beata , SIUTA-BRODZIŃSKA Matylda
Published: January 2020

The article characterises the multidimensional and dynamic phenomenon referred to as the role of entrepreneurship and entrepreneurial management. It was shown that the development of entrepreneurship and innovation are conditioned by knowledge, especially the Tacit knowledge transfer capability, which is synonymous with the possibility of transferring people equipped with know-how, skills and experience, which in turn is closely dependent not only on the process of knowledge and innovation management, but also on the organizational culture. It was shown that entrepreneurship (understood as the ability to create something new and worthwhile) is determined by seeking creative solutions and implementing them in practice. Assuming that the essence of entrepreneurial behaviour is creating, recognizing, interpreting and using opportuni-ties, at the same time constituting an entrepreneur’s act of creation, it was shown that creativity, creative problem-solving and the desire for innovation with the ability to take risks (and responsibility for them) determine entrepreneurship in a significant way. The article also suggests paying more attention to the job satisfaction of employees in the context of their creativity and, consequently, entrepreneurship.
What Can be Known about Future Umwelten?
Authors: Tønnessen Morten ,   Semiotic Society of America
Published: January 2020

This article addresses Umwelt futurology, the study of future Umwelten: i.e., subjective, semiotic lifeworlds. Umwelt futurology as I describe it is an interdisciplinary enterprise founded on Umwelt theory but also drawing on work done in other academic studies of future developments. It complements Hiltunen’s semiotic work in futures studies on weak signals. Asking what can be known about future Umwelten, I ascertain that our most solid knowledge about any Umwelt situated on Earth is derived from an understanding of what constitutes the minimal Umwelt in general and more specifically in Earthly terms. Our understanding of constitutive features of various lifeforms, and of typical developments at different life stages in the ontogeny of organisms, provides us with further reliable knowledge about lasting traits of organisms endowed with an Umwelt. To describe the complex interplay between the physical environment and the Umwelt and Innenwelt of organisms, I introduce a three-dimensional interactive semiotic model of environmental change. Taken together, knowledge about basic features of Umwelten and about the biosemiotic interplay in nature involving Umwelt creatures provides us with the foundational building bricks that we need to construct an empirically informed Umwelt futurology. I argue that both predictions and scenarios concerning future lifeworlds can be developed from within this theoretical framework. While Umwelt predictions are meant to be of a merely factual nature, and can give us more informed ideas about the future, Umwelt scenarios may feature both factual and normative elements. These can help us make more informed choices whenever we discuss actions, lifestyles or policies that have an impact on future lifeworlds.
Conducta suicida en Colombia: Una revisión sistemática
Authors: Benavides Mora Vanessa Katherine , Villota Melo Nixon Giovanny , Villalobos Galvis Fredy Hernán
Published: January 2020

Abstract: Suicide behavior in Colombia: A systematic review. The objective of the review was to synthesize the findings about suicide in Colombia between 2004 and 2018. Eighty-eight studies were included in the review. It is noted that most studies focus on risk factors such as depression, psychoactive substance use and family dysfunction; and only few are interested in protective factors, among which family functionality and high self-esteem are prominent; moreover, the statistical models used are mostly descriptive and studies are not based on theoretical models on suicide. Finally, some lines of research are proposed, such as deepening the theoretical models and statistical analyses used, realizing longitudinal studies and proposing intervention strategies that guide future scientific exercises in the area. Keywords: Suicide; suicidal ideation; suicidal intention; Colombia; systematic review. Resumen: El objetivo de la revisión fue sintetizar los hallazgos acerca del suicidio en Colombia entre los años 2004 a 2018. Se incluyeron 88 trabajos en esta revisión.  Se destaca que la mayoría de estudios se centran en factores de riesgo como depresión, consumo de sustancias psicoactivas y disfunción familiar; y solo algunos se interesan en factores protectores, entre los que se destacan la funcionalidad familiar y la alta autoestima; además, se encontró que los modelos estadísticos empleados son en su mayoría de tipo descriptivo y los estudios no están basados en modelos teóricos sobre el suicidio. Finalmente, se proponen algunas líneas de trabajo como la profundización de modelos teóricos y análisis estadísticos empleados, la realización de estudios longitudinales y proponer estrategias de intervención, que orienten futuros ejercicios científicos en el área.Palabras clave: Suicidio; ideación suicida; intención suicida; Colombia; revisión sistemática.
¿Inestabilidad en el lado oscuro? estructura factorial, invarianza de medición y fiabilidad de la Dirty Dozen Dark Triad en población general de Lima
Authors: Copez  Lonzoy Anthony , Dominguez-Lara Sergio , Merino-Soto César
Published: January 2020

Abstract: Instability on the dark side? Factorial structure, measurement invariance and reliability of the Dirty Dozen Dark Triad in the general population of Lima. The dark triad of the personality is a complex measure composed of three traits such as Machiavellianism, psychopathy and narcissism that are associated with destructive behaviors to the interests of others. The Dirty Dozen Dark Triad (DDDT) scale was used to evaluate the dark triad. The present study seeks to analyze the internal structure, measurement invariance and reliability of DDDT scores. 320 people were recruited (64.1% women), the average age was 24.4 and 89.7% were single. Four measurement models were identified by means of confirmatory factor analysis; the measurement invariance was also evaluated, which did not show a significant deterioration for the group according to gender. In addition, congeneric and tau-equivalent models were implemented and the accuracy of the scores for all the factors was > .70. This DDDT version provides useful evidence at the psychometric level to be implemented with a screening instrument in the psychological evaluation.Keywords: Dirty Dozen Dark Triad; validation; measurement invariance; personality.Resumen: Las triada oscura de la personalidad es una medida compleja compuesta de tres rasgos como maquiavelismo, psicopatía y narcisismo que están asociados a comportamientos destructivos a los intereses de los demás. Para evaluar la tríada oscura fue utilizada la escala Dirty Dozen Dark Triad (DDDT). El presente estudio busco analizar la estructura interna, invarianza de medida y la fiabilidad de las puntuaciones de la DDDT. Fueron reclutados 320 personas (64.1% mujeres), el promedio de edad fue 24.4 y el 89.7% fueron solteros. Se identificados cuatro modelos de medida mediante análisis factorial confirmatorio, también fue evaluada la invariancia de medida que no evidencio un deterioro significativo para el grupo según género. Además, fueron implementados modelos congenéricos y tau-equivalentes y la precisión de las puntuaciones para todos los factores fue >.70. Esta versión DDDT reporta evidencias útiles a nivel psicométrico para ser implementadas como instrumento de despistaje en la evaluación psicológica. Palabras clave: Dirty Dozen Dark Triad; validación; invarianza de medición; personalidad.
Relación del deseo sexual con la excitación sexual objetiva y subjetiva
Authors: Sierra Juan Carlos , Díaz Gara , Álvarez-Muelas Ana , Calvillo Cristóbal , Granados Reina , Arcos-Romero Ana Isabel
Published: January 2020

Abstract: Relationship between sexual desire and sexual arousal (objective and subjective). The explanatory capacity of partner-focused dyadic sexual desire, dyadic sexual desire for an attractive person, and solitary sexual desire on the objective and subjective sexual arousal was examined. The sample was composed of 60 heterosexual young people (Mage = 22.46; SD = 3.20). First, participants completed a sociodemographic questionnaire and the Spanish version of the Sexual Desire Inventory. Then, an experimental task was performed consisting of the exposure to neutral and erotic content videos while registering the genital response. After the erotic video participants completed the Rating of Sexual Arousal Scale. In men, partner-focused sexual desire explained the objective sexual arousal (R2 = .31), and sexual desire for an attractive person explained the subjective sexual arousal (R2 = .23). In women, only partner-focused sexual desire explained objective sexual arousal (R2 = .17).Keywords: Sexual desire; objective sexual arousal; subjective sexual arousal; gender differences.Resumen: Se examina la capacidad explicativa del deseo sexual diádico hacia la pareja, diádico hacia una persona atractiva y en solitario sobre la excitación sexual objetiva y subjetiva. La muestra estuvo compuesta por 60 jóvenes heterosexuales (M edad = 22.46; DT = 3.20). En primer lugar, los participantes contestaron un Cuestionario Sociodemográfico y la versión española del Sexual Desire Inventory. A continuación, se realizó una tarea experimental consistente en la exposición a videos de contenido neutro y sexual explícito, mientras se registraba simultáneamente la respuesta genital. Después del vídeo erótico se completó la escala Valoración de Excitación Sexual. En hombres, el deseo sexual diádico hacia la pareja explicó la excitación sexual objetiva (R2 = .31) y el deseo sexual diádico hacia una persona atractiva explicó la excitación sexual subjetiva (R2 = .23). En mujeres, únicamente el deseo sexual diádico hacia la pareja explicó la excitación sexual objetiva (R2 = .17). Palabras clave: deseo sexual; excitación sexual subjetiva; excitación sexual objetiva; diferencias sexuales.
Conductas suicidas en la adolescencia: Una guía práctica para la intervención y la prevención
Authors: Pedreira Jose Luis
Published: January 2020

Abstract: Suicidal behavior in adolescence: A practical guide for intervention and prevention. In Spain, suicide rates have increased over the last ten years. The increase has been particularly significant among adolescents. This paper realizes a conceptual update of suicidal behavior, following WHO criteria. A review is carried out of the risk factors for suicidal behavior in adolescence, both biological, psychological and social, differentiating between concurrent causes, precipitating causes and underlying psychopathological process. In particular, a review of the concept of suicidal ideation in adolescence is carried out, as an entry key to develop early intervention and preventive intervention activities. Finally, a protocol is created for intervention and prevention from social, media, school, family and health systems, including intervention by hospital emergency services. Keywords: Suicide; adolescence; suicidal ideation; early intervention; prevention.Resumen: En España las tasas de suicidio han tenido un incremento durante los últimos diez años. Ese incremento ha sido particularmente significativo en la etapa de la adolescencia. En el presente trabajo se realiza una actualización conceptual de las conductas suicidas, siguiendo los criterios de OMS. Se realiza una revisión de los factores de riesgo hacia la conducta suicida en la adolescencia, tanto los biológicos, como los psicológicos y sociales, diferenciando entre causas concurrentes, causas precipitantes, causas desencadenantes y proceso psicopatológico subyacente. De forma particular se realiza una revisión del concepto de ideación suicida en la adolescencia, como llave de entrada para desarrollar actividades de intervención precoz y de tipo preventivo. Finalmente se realiza un protocolo para la intervención y la prevención desde los sistemas social, mediático, escolar, familiar y sanitario, incluyendo la intervención desde los servicios de urgencia hospitalaria. Palabras clave: Suicidio; adolescencia; ideación suicida; intervención precoz; prevención
Streptococcus bovis Hip and Knee Periprosthetic Joint Infections: A Series of 9 Cases
Authors: Thompson Jeremy C. , Goldman Ashton H. , Tande Aaron J. , Osmon Douglas R. , Sierra Rafael J.
Published: January 2020

Abstract. Introduction: Prosthetic joint infection (PJI) due to Streptococcus bovis group (SBG), specifically S. bovis biotype I (S. gallolyticus), is rare and associated with colorectal carcinoma. Little has been published regarding SBG PJI. We analyzed nine cases of SBG PJI at our institution, the largest series to date.Methods: The medical records of patients diagnosed with SBG PJI between 2000-2017 were reviewed. Patients were followed until death, failure, or loss to follow-up. Mean follow-up was 37 months (range 0.5-74 months).Results: Nine PJI in 8 patients with mean prosthesis age at diagnosis of 8 years (range 4 weeks-17 years) were identified. The median duration between symptom onset and treatment was 38 weeks (range 0.3 weeks-175 weeks). 8/9 had their PJI eradicated with treatment based on acuity of symptoms. Acute PJI (2) was treated with DAIR, and chronic PJI (7) was treated with 2-stage revision arthroplasty. 1 PJI with chronic PJI developed recurrent infection after initial treatment. All patients received post-operative IV antibiotics. 7/8 patients received Ceftriaxone. Three patients received lifelong oral antibiotics. 7/8 patients underwent colonoscopy. 5/7 patients were found to have polyps following PJI diagnosis with one carcinoma and two dysplastic polyps. The two patients without polyps had identifiable gastrointestinal (GI) mucosal abnormality: tooth extraction prior to symptom onset and diverticulosis on chronic anticoagulation.Conclusion: SBG PJI is typically due to hematologic seeding. Colonoscopy should be pursued for patients with SBG PJI. Surgical treatment dictated by infection acuity and 6-week course of Ceftriaxone seems sufficient to control infection.
Is there a Role for Antibiotic Prophylaxis Prior to Dental Procedures in Patients with Total Joint Arthroplasty? A Systematic Review of the Literature
Authors: Slullitel Pablo Ariel , Oñativia José Ignacio , Piuzzi Nicolás Santiago , Higuera-Rueda Carlos , Parvizi Javad , Buttaro Martín Alejandro
Published: January 2020

Abstract. Background: The indication of prophylactic antibiotics prior to dental procedures for non-infected causes in order to reduce the risk of haematogenous periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) remains as controversial. We performed a systematic review of the literature assessing the relationship between PJI and invasive dental procedures and whether there is evidence to support the use of antibiotic prophylaxis.Methods: This review was conducted in accordance with the 2009 Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) statement. MEDLINE, EMBASE and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews were searched for studies focusing on dental procedures after TJA, reporting on PJI as an outcome. The methodological quality was assessed with the Newcastle-Ottawa quality assessment scale for case-control and cohort studies and by the tool proposed by Murad et al. for observational studies.Results: Our systematic literature review yielded 90 individual studies, of which 9 met the inclusion criteria. The overall infection rate ranged from 0.26% to 2.12%. Of these, cases associated with a dental procedure ranged from 0% to 15.9%. Five of the studies described cases in which antibiotic prophylaxis was administered; however, no clear algorithm regarding type and dosage of antibiotic was mentioned. When assessing the methodological quality of the evidence, all studies had an overall low to moderate quality.Conclusion: The current systematic review, mostly composed of low-quality studies, suggests that there is no direct evidence to indicate prophylactic antibiotics prior to dental procedures in patients with TJA. In line with the current guidelines, no prophylaxis should be used on interventions for non-infected causes, except for occasional unusual situations, which can then be judged individually.
Élargir conceptuellement le modèle de l’alignement curriculaire pour comprendre la cohérence des pratiques évaluatives sommatives notées des enseignants : enjeux et perspectives
Authors: Pasquini Raphaël
Published: January 2020

L’alignement curriculaire désigne les liens de cohérence existant dans tout processus d’enseignement-apprentissage entre les objectifs du curriculum, les tâches d’apprentissage et les démarches d’évaluation. Ce modèle permet notamment de comprendre la cohérence de toute démarche évaluative. En mobilisant des données issues d’une recherche collaborative menée avec huit enseignants de mathématiques et de français du secondaire, nous montrerons toutefois que son acception est limitée lorsqu’il s’agit de comprendre cette cohérence saisie dans des pratiques évaluatives sommatives notées et que, dès lors, le modèle demande à être conceptuellement élargi. Pour cela, nous nous appuierons sur un exemple d’épreuve sommative modélisée dans ce sens. Nos résultats soulignent la pertinence d’analyser les pratiques évaluatives sommatives à l’aide du modèle élargi, tout en considérant le rôle que joue le contexte sur certaines de ses dimensions spécifiques.
Infraestrutura portuária: análise do impacto regional do novo marco regulatório no Estado do Espírito Santo
Authors: Mauricio Junior Alceu , Basílio de Moraes Francisco De Assis
Published: January 2020

O Brasil aprovou um novo quadro regulatório para o setor portuário em 2013, buscando atrair investimentos privados para modernizar e melhorar a competitividade de seus portos. A questão, no entanto, é se esta nova Lei dos Portos é capaz de atender a essa expectativa e fornecer um quadro regulatório eficiente, permitindo investimentos privados e a necessária modernização dos portos brasileiros. Neste artigo, abordamos essa questão e propomos um novo método para a análise de risco regulatório utilizando Redes Bayesianas. Para atingir esse objetivo, primeiro avaliamos a relevância da infraestrutura portuária e as formas pelas quais o Estado pode intervir na economia no Brasil. Então, após analisarmos o desenvolvimento do novo quadro regulatório para o setor portuário, propomos um modelo de Análise de Impacto Regulatório usando Redes Bayesianas, aplicando esse modelo aos dados coletados em uma pesquisa com especialistas do setor portuário no estado do Espírito Santo. Concluímos que o risco de falta de eficácia no novo quadro regulatório é maior quando comparado à Lei dos Portos anterior.
Potential use of human hair shaft keratin peptide signatures to distinguish gender and ethnicity
Authors: Mohamed Nasir Nurdiena , Hiji Jumriah , Jayapalan Jaime Jacqueline , Hashim Onn Haji
Published: January 2020

Background

Most human hairs collected at old crime scenes do not contain nuclear DNA and are therefore of less value for forensic investigations. In the present study, hair shaft proteins were extracted from 40 healthy subjects between the ages of 21 to 40 years and profiled using gel electrophoresis-based proteomics to determine if they can be used to distinguish gender and ethnicity.

Methods

Extraction of the human hair shaft proteins was performed using a newly developed alkaline solubilisation method. The extracts were profiled by 2-dimensional electrophoresis and resolved protein spots were identified by mass spectrometry and queried against the human hair database. The study was then followed-up by immunoblotting of the identified hair shaft keratin of interest using commercially available antibodies.

Results

Separation of the human hair shaft proteins by 2-dimensional electrophoresis generated improved and highly resolved profiles. Comparing the hair shaft protein profiles of 10 female with 10 male subjects and their identification by mass spectrometry and query of the human hair database showed significant altered abundance of truncated/processed type-II keratin peptides K81 (two spots), K83 (one spot) and K86 (three spots). The 2-dimensional electrophoresis profiling of 30 hair shaft samples taken from women of similar age range but from three distinctive ethnic subpopulations in Malaysia further showed significant altered abundance of one type-I and four type-II truncated/processed keratin peptides including K33b, K81, K83 and K86 (2 spots) between at least two of the ethnic groups. When a followed-up immunoblotting experiment was performed to detect the relative expression of the K86 peptides using commercialised antibodies, similar trends of expression were obtained. The present data, when taken together, demonstrated the potential use of keratin peptide signatures of the human hair shaft to distinguish gender and ethnicity although this needs to be further substantiated in a larger scale study.
A retrospective assessment of different endodontic treatment protocols
Authors: Bartols Andreas , Bormann Carsten , Werner Luisa , Schienle Melanie , Walther Winfried , Dörfer Christof E.
Published: January 2020

Background

The aim of this study was to assess the clinical impact of non-surgical root canal treatments (NSRCT) performed with different treatment protocols on the probability of tooth survival without untoward events and to identify predictors influencing the outcome.

Methods

During the period from July 1999 to October 2016, 5,858 patients were identified in which 9,967 NSRCTs were performed. The treatments were followed up and divided into three groups. In Group 1 root canal treatment was performed with hand instruments, in Group 2 with multiple file rotary instruments and passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI), and Group 3 was treated with Reciproc instruments and PUI. Untoward events were defined as orthograde retreatment, apicoectomy or extraction of the tooth after initial treatment. Weibull regression was used to analyse the data.

Results

A total of 9,938 cases could be included into the analyses. The results showed 5-years predicted survival rates without untoward events of 73.9% (95% CI [71.7%–76.1%]), 75.1% (95% CI [71.7%–78.0%]) and 78.4% (95% CI [75.1%–81.4%]) for study group 1 (N = 5,580), 2 (N = 1,700) and 3 (N = 2,658), respectively. The differences between Group 1 and 3 were statistically significant (p < 0.006). Higher age of the patient (per year increase) and number of earlier NSRCTs (per unit increase) reduce the survival without untoward events statistically significant (bothp < 0.02), while treatment of premolars had a statistically significant lower hazard ratio [0.89 (95% CI [0.79–0.99];p = 0.030)] compared to treatment of molars and anterior teeth. A higher number of supportive periodontal treatments (per unit increase) improved tooth survival without untoward events highly significant (p < 0.0001).

Discussion

More recent endodontic treatment protocols involving reciprocating instruments and PUI appear to be associated with higher tooth survival rates without untoward events compared to hand instruments.
Prevalence of Patients Taking Homeopathy Medicine for Non Communicable Diseases under Alternative Medical Care in Bangladesh: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Hasan Nazmul , Kayes Emrul , Atiqul Haque M.
Published: January 2020

Aim: This current study was intended to evaluate the respond of patients to the available homeopathic medicine health services at the designated government health facilities in Bangladesh. As a part of that, the potentiality of homeopathic medicines in managing non-communicable diseases (NCDs) including gynecological problems, skin diseases, and Ear-Nose-Throat (ENT) complaints was also determined.

Study Design: This study was conducted in a cross-sectional method; designed to collect two sets of data, one from the hospital registry, and another set was collected by interviewing the visiting patients.

Place and Duration of Study: This exploration was conducted within 10 (ten) randomly selected government hospitals, and data from first March 2017 to twenty-eighth February 2018 was considered. 

Material and Methods: In this study, 5 (five) upazilla health complexes (UHC), and 5 (five) district health complexes (DHC) were included. The collected data from these hospital registries were used for clinical data analysis. Using a predesigned questionnaire, another set of data was collected by interviewing the visiting patients; a group of 150 individual patients from these 10 hospitals (15*10=150, one hundred and fifty), was randomly nominated for demographic data analysis.

Result: The study revealed that there were 8% of patients taking homeopathic medicines among visiting patients at government hospitals. Both males (43%), females (57%) were taking help from this service. A calculated 35.33% of these patients completed the secondary school certificate, and patients with garments jobs (38%) are the principle consumers of this medical service. Patients with various non-communicable diseases including female diseases (22%), skin diseases (21%), ear-nose-throat (ENT) diseases (14%), cardio vascular diseases-CVD (13%), Hemorrhoid (13%), rheumatic fever (7%), and asthma (6%) were seeking homeopathic medicine service at the government hospitals.

Conclusion: This study result suggests with limited manpower, homeopathic medicine service helping significantly in the national health services.
Eleições 2018: o lugar das mulheres nas chapas majoritárias
Authors: Da Silva Salete Maria
Published: January 2020

O presente ensaio traz incômodas reflexões acerca do lugar das mulheres nas chapas majoritárias das eleições de 2018 no Brasil e na Bahia, focando, principalmente, nas candidaturas à presidência, ao senado federal e ao governo deste estado. Apoia-se em fontes oficiais e em farto material disponível na internet, além de observações - nem sempre participantes - realizadas durante o pleito. Com lentes de gênero e em perspectiva feminista, evidencia a persistente supremacia masculina nas candidaturas apresentadas por quase todos os partidos e coligações, apontando-as com um reforço à inequidade de gênero no campo da política. Questiona o considerável número de mulheres posicionadas na condição de vices presidentas, vices governadoras e suplentes de senador, precisamente no ano em que a justiça eleitoral ampliou o percentual de recursos financeiros às campanhas femininas. Enfatiza, ainda, a presença de duas mulheres negras concorrendo à presidência do Brasil, sem deixar de problematizar a pouca visibilidade e a pouca importância dada a este inédito fato pelos movimentos negros, feministas e de mulheres. Finaliza sustentando que, malgrado algumas resistências praticamente inaudíveis, há uma certa naturalização dos privilégios masculinos nas hostes partidárias, mormente em períodos de eleições extremamente polarizadas entre direita e esquerda, cujas prioridades, nestes contextos, passam ao largo das demandas femininas/feministas por mais mulheres no poder e mais poder para as mulheres.
A Pesquisa Identitária e o Sujeito que Pesquisa
Authors: Furquim Carlos Henrique De Brito
Published: January 2020

O presente ensaio revisita o sujeito descentralizado em Stuart Hall e Judith Butller ao unir em suas reflexões o olhar queer a partir de uma discussão que perpassa a relação entre Linguagem e Identidade, e o olhar da branquitude incomodada, uma vez que ao trabalhar com a perspectiva da interseccionalidade é possível investigar melhor a relação entre os eixos de gênero, sexualidade, raça, etnia, por exemplo, a partir do que nos é apresentado no percurso de uma investigação científica. Tendo o princípio de que a pesquisa identitária tem o poder de cura, este breve texto apresenta inquietações do percurso inicial de uma pesquisa em andamento. Sendo assim, o autor, ao escrever o texto, coloca-se também como protagonista da investigação identitária.
Aborto legal: interseccionalidades para garantia de um cuidado humanizado
Authors: Veleda Aline Alves , Góes Emanuelle Freitas
Published: January 2020

Os artigos apresentados no Dossiê Aborto legal: Interseccionalidades para garantia de um cuidado humanizado tem como finalidade ampliar os debates e as vozes de ativistas e pesquisadoras neste tema que é tão espinhoso e necessário. O aborto legal precisa ser visto para além das leis, mas nas relações das/os profissionais e trabalhadoras/es da saúde é necessário despir todas as discriminações e estigmas que interagem, estruturam e hierarquizam a atenção, sujeitando as mulheres em situação de abortamento as mais diversas formas de violências (institucionais e obstétricas). O aborto é uma questão de saúde pública, de direitos humanos e acima de tudo é sobre a autonomia e a vida das mulheres.
Adesão à terapia fonoaudiológica por paciente com disfagia orofaríngea: relato de caso
Authors: Santos Anderson Ferreira dos , Steinberg Carla , Costa Ana Caline Nóbrega da
Published: January 2020

Introdução: os sujeitos com disfagias orofaríngeas podem apresentar diversos riscos, entre eles os riscos respiratórios. O diagnóstico preciso e o tratamento adequado apresenta resultados satisfatórios para a segurança do paciente, evitam impactos negativos sobre a sua saúde e qualidade de vida e, para isso, a adesão a terapia é fundamental. Objetivos: investigar a adesão ao atendimento fonoaudiológico de uma paciente com disfagia, caracterizar a adesão ao tratamento e pesquisar os motivos que interferem na adesão e não adesão ao tratamento fonoaudiológico. Metodologia: trata-se de um estudo de caso desenvolvido no ambulatório de Fonoaudiologia, do pavilhão de ambulatórios Professor Francisco Magalhães Neto, do Complexo Hospitalar Universitário Professor Edgar Santos (HUPES). O formato adotado é de relato de caso, seguido de discussões à luz de contribuições clínicas e outras publicações. Resultados: o caso apresentado consiste na dificuldade de adesão a terapia por conta de questões socioeconômicas. Conclusão: apesar da importância do atendimento fonoaudiológico, a paciente e seus familiares encontram barreiras sociais para sua adesão integral, o que acarreta em uma assistência incompleta à demanda apresentada pela doença de base.

 
Análise da mobilidade toracoabdominal de idosos com doença de parkinson, submetidos ao treinamento funcional, bicicleta estacionária e exergame: um ensaio clínico randomizado
Authors: Duarte Gabriel Pereira , Ribeiro Nildo Manoel Da Silva , Ferraz Daniel Dominguez
Published: January 2020

Introdução: idosos com doença de Parkinson (DP) apresentam mobilidade toracoabdominal reduzida, o que os predispõe a complicações respiratórias, como a pneumonia aspirativa. Objetivo: avaliar a mobilidade toracoabdominal em idosos com doença de Parkinson, antes e após realizarem treino funcional, bicicleta estacionária e exergame. Metodologia: 58 idosos foram randomizados em três grupos: um que realizou treino funcional (GF) n=18, outro que fez bicicleta estacionária (GB) n=20 e o terceiro que realizou o exergame (GE) n=20. A mobilidade foi mensurada pela cirtometria, por avaliador cego, em três níveis: axilar, xifoideano e umbilical, antes e após as intervenções. Resultados: não foram encontradas diferenças estatisticamente significativas no coeficiente de amplitude nos níveis axilar e xifoide e umbilical nos três grupos. No nível umbilical, entretanto, houve um discreto acréscimo, comparando antes e após as intervenções GF de 2,1(4,52) cm para 3,1(4,27) cm; GB de 1,1(3,16) cm para 1,7(4,68) cm e GE de 0,5 (3,29) cm para 1,0 (3,68) cm. Conclusão: os três programas de exercícios propostos não foram eficazes na melhora da mobilidade torácica no nível axilar e xifoide e parecem provocar uma pequena melhora na mobilidade abdominal, no contexto respiratório.  

 
Consideração sobre os aspectos histopatológicos do adenoma pleomórfico em glândula parótida: relato de caso
Authors: Sousa Geison Frank Martins de , Leite Ribeiro Patrícia Miranda , Barroso Keila Martha Amorim
Published: January 2020

Introdução: o adenoma pleomórfico é a neoplasia salivar mais comum. É observado um aumento de volume, indolor, fixo, de crescimento lento e firme à palpação. Objetivo: relatar um caso clínico em paciente do gênero masculino, 53 anos de idade, com queixa de aumento de volume no lado direito da face, além de sintomatologia dolorosa. Metodologia: o paciente foi submetido à biopsia excisional, com resultado anatomopatológico de adenoma pleomórfico e estudo imuno-histoquímico que demonstrou expressão positiva para citoqueratinas, proteína S-100, proteína p63 e calponina. Conclusão: após dois anos de proservação, o paciente não apresentou recidiva.
Escleroterapia como tratamento conservador para hemangioma oral: relato de caso
Authors: Gomes Jéssica Alves , Ramalho Luciana Maria Pedreira
Published: January 2020

Introdução: o hemangioma é um tumor benigno vascular de origem endotelial, definido por crescimento anormal dos vasos sanguíneos. Essa lesão pode atingir qualquer parte do corpo, porém a região de cabeça e pescoço tem uma incidência de 60% dos casos; na cavidade oral, ela pode se apresentar na língua, na mucosa bucal, no palato, nos lábios. O tratamento é multimodal, incluindo laser, crioterapia, excisão cirúrgica, agentes quimioterápicos e escleroterapia. Objetivo: apresentar um relato de caso de escleroterapia em hemangioma de dorso de língua, tratado com dose única de oleato de monoetanolamina. Metodologia: paciente do sexo feminino, 35 anos, branca, apresentou-se a um consultório particular queixando-se de lesão pigmentada na língua, assintomática, notada após contato com aparelho ortodôntico lingual. Ao exame clínico intrabucal foi observada lesão nódulo papular, de coloração vermelha, localização em dorso de língua, com 0.5 cm de diâmetro e inserção séssil com diagnóstico de hemangioma oral. Tratado em dose única com oleato de monoetanolamina a 0.4ml na proporção de 50%, diluído na solução anestésica local de lidocaína com adrenalina 1\100.000 no centro da lesão. Resultados: a lesão apresentou regressão total da lesão e sem recidiva após uma sessão do tratamento. Conclusão: escleroterapia é um tratamento conservador, eficiente e com resultado estético positivo, nos casos de hemangioma, porém vale ressaltar que esta deve ser devidamente indicada, analisando sempre as suas limitações e os seus benefícios.

 
Binge drinking in 12th grade predicts DWIs, blackouts and ‘extreme’ binge drinking
Authors: Knopf Alison
Published: January 2020

Binge drinking in 12th grade strongly predicts drinking‐and‐driving arrests, blackouts and extreme binge drinking (15 drinks at one occasion) into young adulthood, according to a study published in Pediatrics in February. Based on self‐reports, it also strongly predicts — not surprisingly — risky driving up to four years after leaving high school.
Open‐Cell Aluminum Foams by the Sponge Replication Technique: A Starting Powder Particle Study
Authors: Sutygina Alina , Betke Ulf , Scheffler Michael
Published: January 2020

Open‐cell aluminum foams are manufactured by a sponge replication technique, and the effect of aluminum particles with different shapes and particle sizes on foam properties is studied. It is found that aluminum powder with spheroidal particles leads to aluminum foams with a lower strut porosity, a lower amount of alumina, and a higher compressive strength compared with foams manufactured from flaky, irregularly shaped aluminum powder. This effect is explained with the lower surface area of the first mentioned type of powder.
Interfacial Nanostructure of 2D Ti3C2/Graphene Quantum Dots Hybrid Multicoating for Ultralow Wear
Authors: Yin Xuan , Jin Jie , Chen Xinchun , Rosenkranz Andreas , Luo Jianbin
Published: January 2020

The 2D Ti3C2/graphene quantum dots (GQDs) composite coating contains numerous merits, which offers underlying solutions for lubrication issues in common conditions. Herein, specific efforts are devoted to explore and develop the antiwear interfacial performances of 2D Ti3C2/GQDs hybrid multicoating in common environment. In addition, combination with nanodiamond would impose significant effects on improving lubricity of binary composite coating to obtain long‐durability ternary composite coating. Meanwhile, macroscale and atomicscale characterizations are utilized to detect the lubrication behavior of binary and ternary composite coating to illuminate the influence of compositions on the establishment of ultralow‐wear interfaces on slip process. These testing results highlight an outspread lubrication mechanism for 2D Ti3C2/GQDs hybrid multicoating. They suggest that 2D Ti3C2/GQDs and 2D Ti3C2/nanodiamond/GQDs composite coating exhibit ultralow wear with rubbing against polytetrafluoroethylene ball. A newly nanostructured tribofilm is formed on the sliding contact. Also the 2D Ti3C2/nanodiamond/GQDs ternary coating has long‐durability and ultralow‐wear during sliding for a long time.
Multilayer Structuring of Nonleaded Metal (BiSn)/Polymer/Tungsten Composites for Enhanced γ‐Ray Shielding
Authors: Kim Hoyeon , Lim Junyoung , Kim Jihun , Lee Jungil , Seo Yongsok
Published: January 2020

To effectively attenuate unrecognized and/or unwanted exposures to high‐energy γ‐rays which leads to occupational hazards when accumulated in a wide range of industries, nonleaded metal (bismuth(Bi)‐tin(Sn))/polymer and tungsten (W) composites are prepared and tested. A eutectic alloy, BiSn, with a low melting temperature of 139 °C, is applied for the first time to prepare a γ‐ray shielding material. Compounding of the BiSn alloy/polymer is conducted in a twin screw mixer/extruder by exploiting the alloy's low melting temperature. Multilayer BiSn/polymer composites are prepared by pressing the extruded composites. The γ‐ray shielding efficiency of the composite is elucidated on the basis of the K‐edge theory. To make a thinner but more efficient composite, W flakes are laminated onto the BiSn/polymer composite sheet. The produced (BiSn/polymer)/W composite sheet exhibits strong attenuation of γ‐rays, which is found to follow the Beer–Lambert law. A multilayer (BiSn/polymer)/W laminate can offer both a sufficient thickness with flexibility and an effective shielding against γ‐rays to meet the requirements for protective clothing or protective equipment. This work demonstrates that (BiSn/polymer)/W laminates can be used as a reliable Pb‐substitution material to protect the human body from the high‐energy γ‐rays.
Circumventing Dedicated Electrolytes in Light‐Emitting Electrochemical Cells
Authors: Bowler Melanie H. , Mishra Aditya , Adams Austen C. , Blangy Corinne L.‐D. , Slinker Jason D.
Published: January 2020

Light‐emitting electrochemical cells (LECs) are devices that utilize efficient ion redistribution to produce high‐efficiency electroluminescence in a simple device architecture. Prototypical polymer LECs utilize three components in the active layer: a luminescent conducting polymer, a salt, and an electrolyte. Similarly, many small‐molecule LECs also utilize an electrolyte to disperse salts. In these systems, the electrolyte is incorporated to efficiently conduct ions and to maintain phase compatibility between all components. However, certain LEC approaches and materials systems enable device operation without a dedicated electrolyte. This review describes the general methods and materials used to circumvent the use of a dedicated electrolyte in LECs. The techniques of synthetically coupling electrolytes, incorporating ionic liquids, and introducing inorganic salts are presented in view of research efforts to date. The use of these techniques in emerging classes of light‐emitting electrochemical cells is also discussed. These approaches have yielded some of the most efficient, long‐lasting, and commercially applicable LECs to date.