bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Processing of Spanish Preterite Regular and Irregular Verbs: The Role of Neighborhood Density
Authors: Rodríguez-González Eva
Published: February 2012

Research into lexical processes shows that frequency and phonological similarity (neighborhood density) affect word processing and retrieval. Previous studies on inflectional morphology have examined the influence of frequency of occurrence in speech production on the inflectional verb paradigm in English. Limited work has been done to examine the influence of phonological similarity in languages with a more complex morphological system than English. The present study examined the influence of neighborhood density on the processing of Spanish Preterite regular and irregular verbs as produced by thirty native speakers of Spanish. The results of a naming task showed that regular verbs were processed faster and more accurately than irregular ones. Similar to what has been observed in English, a facilitative effect of neighborhood density for –ir verbs was observed in both regular and irregular verbs, such that –ir verbs with dense neighborhoods were produced faster and more accurately than –ir verbs with sparse neighborhoods. However, no neighborhood density effects were observed for –ar verbs (regular and irregular) in reaction times and accuracy rates. Thus, the activation of a specific –ir verb was facilitated by similar sounding verbs regardless of being regular and irregular. Implications for models of morphology language processing are discussed.
Prediction of Adolescents doing Physical Activity after Completing Secondary Education
Authors: Moreno-Murcia Juan Antonio , Huéscar Elisa , Cervelló Eduardo
Published: February 2012

The purpose of this study, based on the self-determination theory (Ryan & Deci, 2000) was to test the prediction power of student's responsibility, psychological mediators, intrinsic motivation and the importance attached to physical education in the intention to continue to practice some form of physical activity and/or sport, and the possible relationships that exist between these variables. We used a sample of 482 adolescent students in physical education classes, with a mean age of 14.3 years, which were measured for responsibility, psychological mediators, sports motivation, the importance of physical education and intention to be physically active. We completed an analysis of structural equations modelling. The results showed that the responsibility positively predicted psychological mediators, and this predicted intrinsic motivation, which positively predicted the importance students attach to physical education, and this, finally, positively predicted the intention of the student to continue doing sport. Results are discussed in relation to the promotion of student's responsibility towards a greater commitment to the practice of physical exercise.
Family Functioning and Socioaffective Competencies of Children in the Beginning of Schooling
Authors: Hammes Patricia Simone , Crepaldi Maria Aparecida , Bigras Marc
Published: February 2012

The aim of this short term longitudinal study, based on the system theory, was to test the association between different aspects of family functioning of preschoolers and their socioaffective competencies at the end of the first grade. The total sample included 278 children (137 boys and 141 girls) and their families. The analysis of variance results regarding the aspects of family cohesion and harmony showed that preschoolers from more cohesive families display more social skills, while those from more conflicting families display more externalizing behavior problems (aggression and irritability). With respect to the family's ability to resolve problems, it was observed that, especially for middle and upper class families, this aspect is associated with better social skills and fewer internalized behavior problems. Overall, results of the present study suggest that the family functioning at early stage might influence children's abilities to regulate their emotions and to establish/maintain important relationships with peers and teachers in their early school years.
Heterosexual Romantic Relationships, Interpersonal Needs, and Quality of Life in Prison
Authors: Carcedo Rodrigo J. , Perlman Daniel , López Félix , Orgaz M. Begoña
Published: February 2012

The purpose of this study was to investigate the moderating effect of having vs. not having a heterosexual romantic partner inside the prison on the relationship between interpersonal needs and quality of life. In-person interviews were conducted with 55 male and 64 female inmates from the Topas Penitentiary (Spain). Higher levels of social loneliness and lower levels of sexual satisfaction were associated with lower levels of quality of life. In addition, the interaction between sexual satisfaction and romantic partner status was significant. Higher levels of sexual satisfaction were associated with higher levels of quality of life only for the group without a partner. These findings support a “bad is stronger than good” principle and indicate the detrimental aspects that can be associated with not having a satisfactory sexual life while incarcerated.
Character Strengths: A Study of Argentinean Soldiers
Authors: Cosentino Alejandro C. , Solano Alejandro Castro
Published: February 2012

The primary objective of this research was to study the differences in positive traits between military and civilian college students and between cadets in their first and final years at a military academy. Second, the research aimed to study the relations between positive traits and the academic and military performance of cadets in their first and final years, according to the classification of positive traits by Peterson and Seligman (2004). To accomplish these objectives, a sample of university students from a military educational institution and a sample of civilian university students were studied. The instruments used were a 24-item self-report measure of positive traits, a measure of social desirability, and objective scores of academic and military performance. The results generally showed that when age and career stage were held constant, the scores of the military students were higher than the scores of the civilian students across various strengths. Military students reported higher levels of the character strength of spirituality than did civilian students. The relationships between strengths and performance differed for students in their first and final years at the military academy. In particular, cadets with the higher levels of academic or military performance in their last year, i.e., the cadets best adapted to the academy, reported higher levels of the character strength of persistence when compared to low-performing cadets in the same year of study.
Relationship between Schizotypal and Borderline Traits in College Students
Authors: Fonseca-Pedrero Eduardo , Lemos-Giráldez Serafín , Paino Mercedes , Sierra-Baigrie Susana , Muñiz José
Published: February 2012

The main objective of the present investigation was to analyze the relationship between self-reported schizotypal and borderline personality traits in a sample of 759 college students (M = 19.63 years; SD = 2.03). For this purpose, the Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire-Brief (SPQB; Raine and Benishay, 1995) and Borderline Personality Questionnaire (BPQ; Poreh et al., 2006) were administered. The results showed that schizotypal and borderline features are partially related at subclinical level. The exploratory factor analysis conducted on the subscales revealed a three-factor solution comprised of the following factors: Identity/Interpersonal, Lack of Control and Schizotypal. The canonical correlation analysis showed that schizotypal features and borderline personality traits shared 34.8 % of the variance. The data highlight the overlap between schizotypal and borderline personality traits in nonclinical young adults. Future studies should continue to examine the relationship and the degree of overlap between these traits in community samples.
Computerized Adaptive Testing: The Capitalization on Chance Problem
Authors: Olea Julio , Barrada Juan Ramón , Abad Francisco J. , Ponsoda Vicente , Cuevas Lara
Published: February 2012

This paper describes several simulation studies that examine the effects of capitalization on chance in the selection of items and the ability estimation in CAT, employing the 3-parameter logistic model. In order to generate different estimation errors for the item parameters, the calibration sample size was manipulated (N = 500, 1000 and 2000 subjects) as was the ratio of item bank size to test length (banks of 197 and 788 items, test lengths of 20 and 40 items), both in a CAT and in a random test. Results show that capitalization on chance is particularly serious in CAT, as revealed by the large positive bias found in the small sample calibration conditions. For broad ranges of θ, the overestimation of the precision (asymptotic Se) reaches levels of 40%, something that does not occur with the RMSE (θ). The problem is greater as the item bank size to test length ratio increases. Potential solutions were tested in a second study, where two exposure control methods were incorporated into the item selection algorithm. Some alternative solutions are discussed.
The Effects of Competitive, Cooperative, and Individualistic Classroom Interaction Models on Learning Outcomes in Mathematics in Nigerian Senior Secondary Schools
Authors: Oloyede E. O. , Adebowale O. F. , Ojo A. A.
Published: February 2012

The study sought to find out the relative effectiveness of three classroom interaction strategies which are known to affect students' learning outcomes in Mathematics. 484 senior secondary school three (SSSIII) students randomly selected through judgmental and stratified random sampling from government-owned secondary schools in Ikere and Ado-Ekiti local government areas of Ekiti state participated in the study. The instrument was a self-constructed one, validated and used for collecting data and titled “Mathematics Achievement Test (MAT).” The experimental treatment lasted for four weeks, and the data collected were analyzed using one-way ANOVA, ANCOVA, two-way ANCOVA, and Tukey HSD post hoc pairwise comparisons analysis. The findings showed that the students' learning outcomes in Mathematics were better promoted by the cooperative and competitive strategies but rather minimally by both individualistic and conventional strategies.
Project and Realization of a Wide-Range High-Frequency RFID Gate Allowing Omnidirectional Detection of Transponders
Authors: Benelli Giuliano , Parrino Stefano , Pozzebon Alessandro
Published: February 2012

We describe the study and development of a 2-meter-wide HF RFID gate providing omnidirectional detection of transponders. Common commercial HF RFID gate structures provide a maximum reading range around 150 cm. Moreover, this value is in most cases guaranteed only for the maximum coupling direction, with lower values for the other 2 orientations. The proposed structure raises the value of the reading range up to 200 cm for every orientation of the transponder, with even better results (220 cm) when the transponder is in the position of maximum coupling. This result has been achieved through numerical simulations, focused on the study of the geometry of the antenna system and on the realization of the matching circuit and then confirmed with the physical implementation of the system.
Funding water conservation
Authors: Ash Tom
Published: February 2012

With the importance of water conservation increasing every year, utilities should rethink their water rate structure ‐ and how to educate customers about it.
Bridging the Gap between IT and SCADA Systems in the Water Sector
Authors: Groves Daniel , Azagra Esteban
Published: February 2012

Information technology (IT) and supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) system technologies continue to converge every year. Most water and wastewater utilities and other critical infrastructures rely on such systems to support mission‐critical activities and have dedicated staff to support them. Although the underlying technologies have converged, the groups responsible for governing and maintaining the IT and SCADA infrastructures often remain separate, and most organizations do not have the mechanisms that enable easy interaction between the two groups.
Math carnival time
Authors: Elkin Andrea Christie
Published: February 2012

This department publishes brief news articles, announcements, and guest editorials on current mathematics education issues that stimulate the interest of TCM readers and cause them to think about an issue or consider a specific viewpoint about some aspect of math education.
How Wedge You Teach the Unit-Angle Concept?
Authors: Millsaps Gayle M.
Published: February 2012

Fifth graders rethink what calculating angle means.
CCSSM: The Big Picture
Authors: Dacey Linda , Polly Drew
Published: February 2012

Examine the structure of Common Core State Standards for Mathematics and consider major ideas that will influence their implementation.
Dylan's multidigit subtraction strategy
Authors: Welder Rachael M.
Published: February 2012

Without having been taught a method for solving subtraction problems that require regrouping, a first-grader applies his natural knowledge of numbers and operations to solve problems containing two- and three-digit numbers. This conversation features his reasoning as he formulates an explanation of the computational strategy he developed.
Chiral Biscarboline N,N′‐Dioxide Derivatives: Highly Enantioselective Addition of Allyltrichlorosilane to Aldehydes
Authors: Bai Bing , Shen Lan , Ren Jie , Zhu Hua Jie
Published: February 2012

The allylation of aromatic and aliphatic aldehydes with allyltrichlorosilanes has been catalyzed with a new Lewis base organocatalyst, 1,1′‐biscarboline N,N′‐dioxide with high enantioselectivities of up to 99% for 4‐methoxybenzaldehyde and 97% ee for cycloformaldehyde, respectively. In total, 13 heteroaryl and aliphatic aldehydes were tested.
Genes at work in random bouts
Authors: Golubev Alexey
Published: February 2012

Cell interdivision periods (IDP) in homogenous cell populations vary stochastically. Another aspect of probabilistic cell behavior is randomness in cell differentiation. These features are suggested to result from competing stochastic events of assembly/disassembly of the transcription pre‐initiation complex (PIC) at gene promoters. The time needed to assemble a proper PIC from different proteins, which must be numerous enough to make their combination gene specific, may be comparable to the IDP. Nascent mRNA visualization at defined genes and inferences from protein level fluctuations in single cells suggest that some genes do operate in this way. The onset of mRNA production by such genes may miss the time windows provided by the cell cycle, resulting in cells differentiating into those in which the respective mRNAs are either present or absent. This creates a way to generate cell phenotype diversity in multicellular organisms.
Expression of a cGMP compatibleLucilia sericatainsect serine proteinase debridement enzyme
Authors: Pritchard David I , Telford Gary , Diab Miliza , Low Walter
Published: February 2012

Previously, we demonstrated the effectiveness of a research grade recombinant chymotrypsin,1derived from the larvae of Lucilia sericata, in “debriding” slough/eschar from venous leg ulcers ex vivo. Furthermore, we were able to formulate this enzyme for successful delivery to in vitro wound healing assays, from a prototype hydrogel wound dressing,2and showed that enzyme delivered in this way could degrade wound tissue ex vivo.3Recently, to progress biotechnological development of the enzyme as a potential therapeutic product, we explored expression using current good manufacturing practice (cGMP) guidelines, and now report that a recombinant chymotrypsin I zymogen from L. sericata can be expressed in the cGMP acceptable strain of Escherichia coli (BLR–DE3). In addition, the conditions required for purification, refolding and activation of the chymotrypsinogen have been determined. The activated enzyme was stable, and effective in digesting wound slough/eschar tissue. To summarise, we have successfully initiated the production and characterisation of a novel cGMP compatible product for use in future clinical trials. © 2012 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Biotechnol. Prog., 2012
Toward an understanding of meaning creation via the collective co‐production process
Authors: Peters Cara , Bodkin Charles D. , Fitzgerald Scott
Published: February 2012

Co‐production has been traditionally studied in the context of industrial and service markets. This study investigates the consumer's search for meaning and fulfillment via one type of co‐production, collective co‐production. The case study method was utilized to examine knife making from kits. The findings unpack a three‐part co‐production process (design, production, and consumption) that results in significant identity ramifications for consumers. During the design stage of knife making, the informants shaped their self‐concept through social inspiration, creative self‐expression, and identification with the primal sense of self. The production stage provided internal validation of the self‐concept through a pseudochallenge that was achieved through learning activities. The consumption stage provided external validation of the self‐concept as the informants shared their co‐production experience with others. Theoretical implications are discussed.

Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
ChemInform Abstract: A Novel Low Temperature Synthesis Route for SmFeAsO1‐xFx Bulk Superconductor with Improved Transport Properties.
Authors: Anooja J. B. , Aswathy P. M. , Sarun P. M. , Syamaprasad U.
Published: February 2012

Polycrystalline bulk samples of the title compounds (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.4) are synthesized at low temperatures from stoichiometric amounts of Sm, Fe, As, Fe2O3, and FeF2 (370 °C for 5 h followed by sintering at 850 °C for 50 h).
ChemInform Abstract: Divalent‐Metal‐Stabilized Aluminophosphates Exhibiting a New Zeolite Framework Topology.
Authors: Shao Lang , Li Yi , Yu Jihong , Xu Ruren
Published: February 2012

The new compounds (C5H14N2) [Co2Al4P6O24] and (C5H14N2) [Zn2Al4P6O24] are hydrothermally synthesized from aqueous mixtures of Co(OAc)2 or Zn(OAc)2, Al2O3, H3PO4, and N‐methylpiperazine (autoclave, 180 °C, 3 d).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis, Structure, and Solubility Studies of a New Arsenato‐Polyoxovanadate Cluster Compound: (NH4)4 [V12As8O40(H2O)] ·4H2O.
Authors: Wutkowski Adam , Evers Nils , Bensch Wolfgang
Published: February 2012

The title compound is prepared by solvothermal reaction of NH4VO3 and As2O3 in a 1:1 mixture of Et2O (or EtOH) and H2O (pH 6.5, 80 °C, closed glass tube, 7 d, 20% yield).
ChemInform Abstract: New Neptunium(V) Borates that Exhibit the Alexandrite Effect.
Authors: Wang Shuao , Alekseev Evgeny V. , Depmeier Wulf , Albrecht‐Schmitt Thomas E.
Published: February 2012

The new compounds K[(NpO2)B10O14(OH)4] (I) and K2 [(NpO2)2B16O25(OH)2] (II) are synthesized from a stock solution of 137NpCl5 and a large excess of H3BO3 and KCl (autoclave, 220 °C, 3 d).
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective Intramolecular Benzylic C—H Bond Amination: Efficient Synthesis of Optically Active Benzosultams.
Authors: Ichinose Masami , Suematsu Hidehiro , Yasutomi Yoichi , Nishioka Yota , Uchida Tatsuya , Katsuki Tsutomu
Published: February 2012

Iridium(III)—salen complexes (I) catalyze the title reaction of 2‐ethylbenzenesulfonyl azides to give five‐membered sultams with high enantioselectivities.
ChemInform Abstract: Construction of 3‐Allylidene‐4‐vinyltetrahydrofurans and 3‐Allylidene‐4‐vinylpyrrolidines via Sequential Domino Allylation/Olefination of C—C Triple Bonds.
Authors: Meng Tuan‐Jie , Hu Yimin , Zhao Quansheng , Yu Tao , Wang Shaowu
Published: February 2012

Domino allylation—olefination reaction of 1,6‐enynes with terminal alkenes provides access towards title allylidene(vinyl)tetrahydrofuran and ‐pyrrolidines, e.g. (III) and (V).
ChemInform Abstract: Fluorous Aryl Compounds by Matsuda—Heck Reaction.
Authors: Salabert Jordi , Sebastian Rosa Maria , Vallribera Adelina , Roglans Anna , Najera Carmen
Published: February 2012

Arylation of various olefins with p‐(perfluorooctyl)benzenediazonium salt (II) proceeds smoothly in the presence of Pd(O‐Ac)2 to give the corresponding styrene or stilbene derivatives in moderate to good yields.
ChemInform Abstract: Amide Hydrolysis Reaction Catalyzed by KF/Al2O3 under Microwave Irradiation and Solvent Free Conditions.
Authors: Zhang Xiuli , Luo Kai , Chen Wei , Wang Lei
Published: February 2012

The reaction is conducted under environmentally benign conditions.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of α‐Trifluoromethyl‐phenethylamines from α‐Trifluoromethyl β‐Aryl Enamines and β‐Chloro‐β‐(trifluoromethyl)styrenes.
Authors: Muzalevskiy Vasiliy M. , Shastin Aleksey V. , Balenkova Elizabeth S. , Haufe Guenter , Nenajdenko Valentine G.
Published: February 2012

A transamination‐reduction sequence for the synthesis of α‐CF3‐phenethylamines is presented.
ChemInform Abstract: Poly(N,N′‐dichloro‐N‐ethyl‐benzene‐1,3‐disulfonamide) and N,N,N′,N′‐Tetrachlorobenzene‐1,3‐disulfonamide as Efficient Reagents to Direct Oxidative Conversion of Thiols and Disulfide to Sulfonyl Chlorides.
Authors: Veisi Hojat , Ghorbani‐Vaghei Ramin , Mahmoodi Jafar
Published: February 2012

The use of polymeric sulfonamide leads to similar results.
ChemInform Abstract: Aryl(chloro)methyl 4‐Tolyl Sulfoxides: Synthesis and Application to the Synthesis of α‐Aryl Ketones.
Authors: Fukuda Shigehiko , Tsuji Kazuhito , Musashi Jun , Nonaka Ryo , Kimura Tsutomu , Satoh Tsuyoshi
Published: February 2012

The reaction of the title compounds, prepared from the corresponding arylmethyl 4‐tolyl sulfoxides, with carbonyl compounds in the presence of LDA affords functionalized chloro alcohols in good yields.
ChemInform Abstract: Preparation of Solid Salt Stabilized Functionalized Organozinc Compounds and Their Application to Cross‐Coupling and Carbonyl Addition Reactions.
Authors: Bernhardt Sebastian , Manolikakes Georg , Kunz Thomas , Knochel Paul
Published: February 2012

Novel zinc pivalates are prepared as is shown for substrates (III) and isolated as stable powders which can be easily handled.
ChemInform Abstract: Iron‐Catalyzed Oxidative Coupling of Arylboronic Acids with Benzene Derivatives Through Homolytic Aromatic Substitution.
Authors: Uchiyama Nanase , Shirakawa Eiji , Nishikawa Ryo , Hayashi Tamio
Published: February 2012

The iron‐catalyzed homolytic aromatic substitution of arenes (II) with aryl radicals generated from arylboronic acids (I) gives rise to biaryls (III).
ChemInform Abstract: Metal‐Free Intramolecular Carbonyl—Olefin Metathesis of ortho‐Prenylaryl Ketones.
Authors: Soicke Arne , Slavov Nikolay , Neudoerfl Joerg‐Martin , Schmalz Hans‐Guenter
Published: February 2012

Attempted selective demethylation of substrate (Ia) during the synthesis of pestalone affords instead a cyclized product (IIa).
ChemInform Abstract: Domino Reactions Consisting of Heterocyclization and 1,2‐Migration—Redox‐Neutral and Oxidative Transition‐Metal Catalysis.
Authors: Umland Klaus‐Daniel , Palisse Adeline , Haug Timm T. , Kirsch Stefan F.
Published: February 2012

Starting from the same compounds, two unprecedented domino reactions are performed leading to either bicyclic 2,3‐dihydrofurans or furylbutanals.
ChemInform Abstract: Copper‐Catalyzed Synthesis of Highly Substituted Pyrrole and Isoindole Derivatives.
Authors: Nandi Sukla , Ray Jayanta K.
Published: February 2012

The procedure is especially of interest for the preparation of natural products which consist of quinones bearing annellated N‐heterocycles.
ChemInform Abstract: Iridium‐Catalyzed Asymmetic Hydrogenation of 3‐Substituted Unsaturated Oxindoles to Prepare C3‐Mono Substituted Oxindoles.
Authors: Liu Yuanyuan , Yao Dongmei , Li Kun , Tian Fengtao , Xie Fang , Zhang Wanbin
Published: February 2012

The title reaction provides an efficient access to chiral C3‐mono substituted oxindoles with excellent conversion and up to 93% e.e.
ChemInform Abstract: Isomeric Acetoxy Analogues of Celecoxib and Their Evaluation as Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors.
Authors: Rahim M. Abdur , Rao P. N. Praveen , Bhardwaj Atul , Kaur Jatinder , Huang Zhangjian , Knaus Edward E.
Published: February 2012

A series of 3‐trifluoromethyl‐5‐arylpyrazoles bearing a 4‐aminosulfonylphenyl‐ [cf.
ChemInform Abstract: Facile Synthesis of 3‐Methyl‐4‐arylmethylene‐isoxazol‐5(4H)‐ones Catalyzed by Sodium Silicate in an Aqueous Medium.
Authors: Liu Qing , Wu Ren‐Tao
Published: February 2012

Sodium silicate pentahydrate is an efficient catalyst for the one‐pot synthesis of the title compounds (III) by condensation of ethyl acetoacetate, hydroxylamine and various aldehydes.
ChemInform Abstract: A Metal‐Free, Aqueous and General Route to 1,5‐Disubstituted‐1,2,3‐triazoles: ′Reversed Regioisomeric′ 1,3‐Dipolar Cycloaddition of Azides and Vinyl Sulfones.
Authors: Dey Santu , Datta Dhrubajyoti , Pathak Tanmaya
Published: February 2012

The procedure can also be applied to the preparation of triazole‐containing natural products such as (VIII) and (X) or complex systems such as ditriazoles (XII).
ChemInform Abstract: Titania‐Supported Iridium Subnanoclusters as an Efficient Heterogeneous Catalyst for Direct Synthesis of Quinolines from Nitroarenes and Aliphatic Alcohols.
Authors: He Lin , Wang Jian‐Qiang , Gong Ya , Liu Yong‐Mei , Cao Yong , He He‐Yong , Fan Kang‐Nian
Published: February 2012

The ligand‐free Ir/TiO2 nanocluster catalyst allows for the synthesis of various quinolines (III) under mild conditions.
ChemInform Abstract: Solvent‐Free Cross‐Dehydrogenative Coupling Reactions under High Speed Ball‐Milling Conditions Applied to the Synthesis of Functionalized Tetrahydroisoquinolines.
Authors: Su Weike , Yu Jingbo , Li Zhenhua , Jiang Zhijiang
Published: February 2012

It allows an efficient and rapid access to a number of 1‐substituted tetrahydroisoquinolines which are of biological interest.
ChemInform Abstract: Indium Triflate Mediated Tandem Acetalization—Acetal Exchange Reactions under Solvent‐Free Conditions.
Authors: Smith Brendan M. , Graham Andrew E.
Published: February 2012

The reaction of noncyclic acetals and ketals with diols proceeds in CH2Cl2 or under neat conditions.
ChemInform Abstract: Hydrogen‐Bonding 2D Metal—Organic Solids as Highly Robust and Efficient Heterogeneous Green Catalysts for Biginelli Reaction.
Authors: Li Peng , Regati Sridhar , Butcher Raymond J. , Arman Hadi D. , Chen Zhenxia , Xiang Shengchang , Chen Banglin , Zhao Cong‐Gui
Published: February 2012

It is demonstrated that novel Zn(II) and Cd(II) metal‐organic framework materials (I) can be used with similar efficiency in the title reaction.
ChemInform Abstract: Hydroalumination of Silylacetylenes: A Novel and Highly Stereoselective Synthesis of (E)‐Telluro(silyl)ketene Acetals and Their Applications in Sonogashira Cross‐Coupling Reactions.
Authors: Baroni Adriano C. M. , et al. et al.
Published: February 2012

Sequential treatment of silylacetylenes according to A)‐C) allows a highly stereoselective synthesis of the title compounds (III) and (VII).
ChemInform Abstract: Stereoselective Functionalization of Pinopyridine with Anisidines and o‐Phenylenediamine.
Authors: Vasilyev Eugene S. , Agafontsev Alexander M. , Kolesnik Vasilij D. , Gatilov Yurii V. , Tkachev Alexey V.
Published: February 2012

Benzylic oxidation of pinopyridine (I) gives keto derivative (II) which yields (8R)‐amino derivatives (VI) on reductive amination with anisidines.
ChemInform Abstract: Diabietane Ether, a New Dimeric Abietane with an Ether Linkage from Taxus cuspidata Needles.
Authors: Shi Qing‐Wen , et al. et al.
Published: February 2012

Isolation and structure elucidation of the new abietane dimer (I) connected by an ether linkage is described.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Glycoconjugate Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors by Ruthenium‐Catalyzed Azide‐Alkyne 1,3‐Dipolar Cycloaddition.
Authors: Salmon Adam J. , Williams Michael L. , Maresca Alfonso , Supuran Claudiu T. , Poulsen Sally‐Ann
Published: February 2012

A series of novel carbohydrate‐based triazolylbenzenesulfonamides are synthesized via a regioselective Huisgen‐1,3‐dipolar cycloaddition reaction.
ChemInform Abstract: A New Triterpenoid Alkaloid from Buxus sempervirens.
Authors: Yan Yu‐Xin , Sun Yun , Chen Jian‐Chao , Su Jia , Li Yan , Qiu Ming‐Hua
Published: February 2012

The new triterpenoid alkaloid 16‐deacetoxy‐hyrcamine (I) and six known analogues are isolated from leaves and stems of the title plant.
ChemInform Abstract: Nano‐photocatalytic Materials: Possibilities and Challenges
Authors: Tong Hua , Ouyang Shuxin , Bi Yingpu , Umezawa Naoto , Oshikiri Mitsutake , Ye Jinhua
Published: February 2012

Review: 249 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Functional Supramolecular Assemblies Derived from Dendritic Building Blocks
Authors: Park Chiyoung , Lee Jeonghun , Kim Chulhee
Published: February 2012

Review: 154 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Toward Optomechanics: Maximizing the Photodeformation of Individual Molecules
Authors: Bleger David , Yu Zhilin , Hecht Stefan
Published: February 2012

Review: 68 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Ionic Liquids
Authors: Jenkins Harry Donald Brooke
Published: February 2012

Review: 111 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: The Advance and Application of Rare Earth Perfluorooctanoate [RE(PFO)3]
Authors: Tang Jun , Wang Limin , Wu Shengying , Mao Dan
Published: February 2012

Review: ca. 100 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Therapeutic Potential of Nucleic Acid‐Binding Isoquinoline Alkaloids: Binding Aspects and Implications for Drug Design
Authors: Bhadra Kakali , Kumar Gopinatha Suresh
Published: February 2012

Review: 201 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Selective MMP13 Inhibitors
Authors: Li Jie Jack , Johnson Adam R.
Published: February 2012

Review: 93 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Recent Advances in the Synthesis of Unnatural α‐Amino Acids ‐ an Updated Version
Authors: Perdih A. , Dolenc M. Sollner
Published: February 2012

Review: 168 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Supramolecular Chemistry of Fullerenes: Host Molecules for Fullerenes on the Basis of .pi±pi. Interaction
Authors: Kawase Takeshi
Published: February 2012

Review: 105 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Nonprecious‐Metal Catalyst for Low‐Cost Fuel Cells
Authors: Su Dang Sheng , Sun Gongquan
Published: February 2012

Review: 33 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Supramolecular DNA Assembly
Authors: McLaughlin Christopher K. , Hamblin Graham D. , Sleiman Hanadi F.
Published: February 2012

Review: 74 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Binding of Metal Ions by Pyrimidine Base Pairs in DNA Duplexes
Authors: Ono Akira , Torigoe Hidetaka , Tanaka Yoshiyuki , Okamoto Itaru
Published: February 2012

Review: 86 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Conformational Changes of Non‐B DNA
Authors: Choi Jungkweon , Majima Tetsuro
Published: February 2012

Review: 189 refs.
A New Thermophoretic Precipitator for Off‐Line Particle Analysis
Authors: Boskovic Lucija , Agranovski Igor E.
Published: February 2012

A new thermophoretic particle precipitator has been developed for representative and efficient collection of aerosol particles from the ambient air and technological pipelines. The device consists of hot and cold plates (5 × 5 cm2) capable of operation at temperature gradients ranging from 20 000 to 100 000 K/m. A gas sample is made to pass through a 1‐mm slot between the plates at a flow rate of up to 1.5 L/min, which makes the device suitable for operation in conjunction with common aerosol instruments including DMA and diffusion batteries with similar operational flow rates. It was shown that the efficiency of the device was highest for the lowest gas flow rate used (0.3 L/min) reaching a level of above 99%. The efficiency was decreased reaching its minimal values at the highest flow rate investigated (1.5 L/min). However, even for highest flow rate, the average efficiency for removal of particle smaller than 60 nm was around 50%.
The cellular composition of neurogenic periventricular zones in the adult zebrafish forebrain
Authors: Lindsey Benjamin W. , Darabie Audrey , Tropepe Vincent
Published: February 2012

A central goal of adult neurogenesis research is to characterize the cellular constituents of a neurogenic niche and to understand how these cells regulate the production of new neurons. Because the generation of adult‐born neurons may be tightly coupled to their functional requirement, the organization and output of neurogenic niches may vary across different regions of the brain or between species. We have undertaken a comparative study of six (D, Vd, Vv, Dm, Dl, Ppa) periventricular zones (PVZs) harboring proliferative cells present in the adult forebrain of the zebrafish (Danio rerio), a species known to possess widespread neurogenesis throughout life. Using electron microscopy, we have documented for the first time the detailed cytoarchitecture of these zones, and propose a model of the cellular composition of pallial and subpallial PVZs, as well as a classification scheme for identifying morphologically distinct cell types. Immunolabeling of resin‐embedded tissue confirmed the phenotype of three constitutively proliferating (bromodeoxyuridine [BrdU]+) cell populations, including a radial glial‐like (type IIa) cell immunopositive for both S100β and glutamine synthetase (GS). Our data revealed rostrocaudal differences in the density of distinct proliferative populations, and cumulative labeling studies suggested that the cell cycle kinetics of these populations are not uniform between PVZs. Although the peak numbers of differentiated neurons were generated after ∼2 weeks among most PVZs, niche‐specific decline in the number of newborn neurons in some regions occurred after 4 weeks. Our data suggest that the cytoarchitecture of neurogenic niches and the tempo of neuronal production are regionally distinct in the adult zebrafish forebrain. J. Comp. Neurol. 520:2275–2316, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Development of New Hydrogenations of Imines and Benign Reductive Hydroaminations: Zinc Triflate as a Catalyst
Authors: Werkmeister Svenja , Fleischer Steffen , Zhou Shaolin , Junge Kathrin , Beller Matthias
Published: February 2012

The hydrogenation of imines to amines in the presence of catalytic amounts of zinc triflate has been demonstrated for the first time. In addition, an efficient procedure for the reductive hydroamination of alkynes to amines is presented using zinc triflate as a catalyst precursor. In both protocols a variety of different functional groups are tolerated, and the reactions proceed smoothly in high yields.
Determination of heavy metal ions by microchip capillary electrophoresis coupled with contactless conductivity detection
Authors: Liu Benyan , Zhang Yi , Mayer Dirk , Krause Hans‐Joachim , Jin Qinghui , Zhao Jianlong , Offenhäusser Andreas , Xu Yuansen
Published: February 2012

An integrated detection circuitry based on a lock‐in amplifier was designed for contactless conductivity determination of heavy metals. Combined with a simple‐structure electrophoresis microchip, the detection system is successfully utilized for the separation and determination of various heavy metals. The influences of the running buffer and detection conditions on the response of the detector have been investigated. Six millimole 2‐morpholinoethanesulfonic acid + histidine were selected as buffer for its stable baseline and high sensitivity. The best signals were recorded with a frequency of 38 kHz and 20 Vpp. The results showed that Mn2+, Cd2+, Co2+, and Cu2+ can be successfully separated and detected within 100 s by our system. The detection limits for five heavy metals (Mn2+, Pb2+, Cd2+, Co2+, and Cu2+) were determined to range from about 0.7 to 5.4 μM. This microchip system performs a crucial step toward the realization of a simple, inexpensive, and portable analytical device for metal analysis.
General shame and Bodily Shame in Eating Disorders: A 2.5‐Year Longitudinal Study
Authors: Troop Nicholas A. , Redshaw Chloe
Published: February 2012

Objective

Studies have established a link between shame and eating disorder symptoms but have generally been cross‐sectional or failed to differentiate between general shame and bodily shame. The present study addressed both these issues.

Design

This study used a longitudinal panel design.

Method

Fifty‐five women with a past or current eating disorder participated. They completed measures of eating pathology, depression, general shame (internal and external) and bodily shame (current feelings of bodily shame as well as bodily shame that is anticipated were the individual to gain weight) and were followed up over 2.5 years.

Results

Bodily shame uniquely predicted an increase in anorexic (but not bulimic) symptoms. Current bodily shame predicted an increase in the degree of underweight and the misperception of body size. Anticipated bodily shame predicted an increase in fear of weight gain.

Discussion

Current versus anticipated bodily shame predicts different anorexic symptoms. Both therefore should be considered in developing interventions and aetiological models of anorexia nervosa. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and Eating Disorders Association.
Toward application of conformal decomposition finite elements to non‐colloidal particle suspensions
Authors: Lechman Jeremy B. , Nemer Martin B. , Noble David R.
Published: February 2012

Particle suspensions play an important role in many engineering applications, yet their behavior in a number of respects remains poorly understood. In conjunction with careful experiments, modeling and simulation of these systems can provide key insight into their complex behavior. However, these two‐phase systems pose the challenge of simultaneously, accurately, and efficiently capturing the complex geometric structure, kinematics, and dynamics of the particulate discrete phase and the discontinuities it introduces into the variables (e.g., velocity, pressure, density) of the continuous phase. To this end, a new conformal decomposition finite element method (CDFEM) is introduced for solid particles in a viscous fluid. The method is verified in several simple test problems that are representative of aspects of particle suspension behavior. In all cases, we find the CDFEM to perform accurately and efficiently leading to the conclusion that it forms a prime candidate for application to the full direct numerical simulation of particle suspensions. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Pretreatment levels of peripheral neutrophils and lymphocytes as independent prognostic factors in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Authors: He Jian‐Rong , Shen Guo‐Ping , Ren Ze‐Fang , Qin Han , Cui Cui , Zhang Ying , Zeng Yi‐Xin , Jia Wei‐Hua
Published: February 2012

Background

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the counts and percentages of differential leukocytes as prognostic indicators in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC).

Methods

This study consisted of 1410 cases identified from an established prospective cohort of 1533 patients with NPC between October 2005 and October 2007 in the Sun Yat–Sen University Cancer Center. Multivariate Cox proportional hazards analyses were applied.

Results

A high percentage of lymphocyte was significantly associated with a favorable prognosis of NPC (highest vs lowest quartile, hazard ratio [HR], 95% confidence interval [CI] for overall and progression‐free survival, HR, 0.71; 95% CI, 0.48–1.06; HR, 0.61; 95% CI, 0.43–0.86, respectively), whereas a high neutrophil percentage (HR, 1.62; 95% CI, 1.06–2.46; HR, 1.55; 95% CI, 1.10–2.18, respectively), and a neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR; HR, 1.57; 95% CI, 1.04–2.39; HR, 1.68; 95% CI, 1.19–2.38, respectively), were significantly related to a poor prognosis of NPC.

Conclusion

Pretreatment NLR and percentages of lymphocyte and neutrophil are independent prognostic factors and may serve as clinically convenient and useful biomarkers for survival of patients with NPC. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2012
Hepatic androgen receptor suppresses hepatocellular carcinoma metastasis through modulation of cell migration and anoikis
Authors: Ma Wen-Lung , Hsu Cheng-Lung , Yeh Chun-Chieh , Wu Ming-Heng , Huang Chiung-Kuei , Jeng Long-Bin , Hung Yao-Ching , Lin Tze-Yi , Yeh Shuyuan , Chang Chawnshang
Published: February 2012

Early reports suggested androgen/androgen receptor (AR) signals promote hepatocarcinogenesis. However, all antiandrogen clinical trials failed in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) without reasonable explanations. We examined AR functions in HCC cancer metastasis in this study. We examined hepatic AR roles in HCC metastasis by comparing liver hepatocyte AR knockout and wildtype in a carcinogen-induced HCC mouse model. We examined tumor histology, cancer metastatic risks, and cancer survival in vivo, as well as cell anoikis and migration using primary hepatic tumor culture in vitro. We also examined therapeutic potentials of AR expression combined with the molecular targeting agent sorafenib in an HCC metastasis mouse model. We found a novel cancer phenotype in which mice lacking hepatic AR developed more undifferentiated tumors and larger tumor size at the metastatic stage. These mice also died earlier with increased lung metastasis, suggesting that hepatic AR may play dual yet opposite roles to promote HCC initiation but suppress HCC metastasis. Mechanistic dissection found that hepatic AR could enhance anoikis and suppress migration of HCC cells by way of suppression of p38 phosphorylation/activation and the nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB)/matrix metallopeptidase 9 (MMP9) pathway, respectively. In addition, the in vivo preclinical trials concluded that a combination therapy of increased AR expression and reduced multiple-kinase inhibitor (sorafenib) exhibited better therapeutic efficacy. Conclusion: Our study demonstrates that AR could orchestrate intrahepatic signaling hierarchies and cellular behaviors, consequently affect HCC progression. Results from combination therapy shed light on developing new therapeutic paradigms for battling HCC at later metastatic stages. (HEPATOLOGY 2012;56:176–185)
High expression of the longevity gene product SIRT1 and apoptosis induction by sirtinol in adult T‐cell leukemia cells
Authors: Kozako Tomohiro , Aikawa Akiyoshi , Shoji Teruhisa , Fujimoto Takahiro , Yoshimitsu Makoto , Shirasawa Senji , Tanaka Hiroaki , Honda Shin‐ichiro , Shimeno Hiroshi , Arima Naomichi , Soeda Shinji
Published: February 2012

Adult T‐cell leukemia‐lymphoma (ATL) is an aggressive peripheral T‐cell neoplasm that develops after long‐term infection with human T‐cell leukemia virus (HTLV‐1). SIRT1, a nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide+‐dependent histone/protein deacetylase, plays a crucial role in various physiological processes, such as aging, metabolism, neurogenesis and apoptosis, owing to its ability to deacetylate numerous substrates, such as histone and NF‐κB, which is implicated as an exacerbation factor in ATL. Here, we assessed how SIRT1 is regulated in primary ATL cells and leukemic cell lines. SIRT1 expression in ATL patients was significantly higher than that in healthy controls, especially in the acute type. Sirtinol, a SIRT1 inhibitor, induced significant growth inhibition or apoptosis in cells from ATL patients and leukemic cell lines, especially HTLV‐1‐related cell lines. Sirtinol‐induced apoptosis was mediated by activation of the caspase family and degradation of SIRT1 in the nucleus. Furthermore, SIRT1 knockdown by SIRT1‐specific small interfering RNA caused apoptosis via activation of caspase‐3 and PARP in MT‐2 cells, HTLV‐1‐related cell line. These results suggest that SIRT1 is a crucial antiapoptotic molecule in ATL cells and that SIRT1 inhibitors may be useful therapeutic agents for leukemia, especially in patients with ATL.
Disulfiram, an old drug with new potential therapeutic uses for human hematological malignancies
Authors: Conticello Concetta , Martinetti Daniela , Adamo Luana , Buccheri Simona , Giuffrida Raffaella , Parrinello Nunziatina , Lombardo Laura , Anastasi Gabriele , Amato Gabriella , Cavalli Maide , Chiarenza Annalisa , De Maria Ruggero , Giustolisi Rosario , Gulisano Massimo , Di Raimondo Francesco
Published: February 2012

Disulfiram (DSF) is an aldehyde dehydrogenase inhibitor currently used for the treatment of alcoholism. Here, we show that multiple myeloma (MM) cell lines and primary cells from newly diagnosed and relapsed/resistant patients affected by MM, acute myeloid and lymphoblastic leukemia are significantly sensitive to DSF alone and in combination with copper. These effects are present at doses lower than those achievable in vivo after DSF standard administration. The cytotoxic effect achieved by this treatment is comparable to that obtained by conventional chemotherapy and is absent in normal hematopoietic cells. In addition, we found that DSF plus copper induces loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, triggers reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and activates executioner caspases. DSF‐copper‐induced apoptosis and caspases activation are strongly reversed by antioxidant N‐acetylcysteine, thus indicating a critical role of ROS. These results might suggest the use of the old drug DSF, alone or in combination with copper, in the treatment of hematological malignancies.
[2.2]Paracyclophane‐Derived Planar‐Chiral Hydrogen‐Bond Receptors
Authors: Schneider Jakob F. , Fröhlich Roland , Paradies Jan
Published: February 2012

The development of planar‐chiral hydrogen‐bond donors based on the [2.2]paracyclophane scaffold is discussed. General strategies to access functionalized enantiopure [2.2]paracyclophane derivatives are briefly reviewed, with the focus on suitable precursors for the synthesis of planar‐chiral thiourea derivatives. The synthesis of fourteen hydrogen‐bond donors is described. The interaction of four thiourea derivatives with hydrogen‐bond acceptors (DMSO and tetramethylammonium chloride) was investigated by 1H NMR spectroscopy and X‐ray crystallography. A selection of enantiomerically pure planar‐chiral derivatives was applied in asymmetric hydrogen‐bond catalysis.
Analysis of miniature single‐ and double‐notch bending specimens for estimating the fracture toughness of cortical bone
Authors: McCormack Jordan , Wang Xiang S. , Stover Susan M. , Gibeling Jeffery C. , Fyhrie David P.
Published: February 2012

Studies of the fracture behavior of cortical bone have determined multiple toughening mechanisms that are active during propagation of a crack. Common methods for measuring bone fracture toughness use single‐notched specimens often in four‐point (SN4PB) or three‐point bending (SN3PB). A double‐notch four‐point bending (DN4PB) specimen is useful to study prefailure damage at the crack tip. Total failure occurs at one notch and only partial failure at the other allowing study of prefailure damage in the unbroken notch. There is no widely known method for calculating the fracture toughness of bone using a DN4PB specimen. A method for calculating the fracture toughness of cortical bone using a DN4PB is developed here and compared with results for a common SN3PB specimen. The new double‐notch method permits using a single specimen to measure apparent fracture toughness and to study both pre‐ and postfailure microdamage in the bone matrix. When and how to use the new and the established test specimens for understanding bone mechanics is discussed. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A:, 2012.