bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Detection of Item Preknowledge Using Likelihood Ratio Test and Score Test
Authors: Sinharay Sandip
Published: October 2016

An increasing concern of producers of educational assessments is fraudulent behavior during the assessment (van der Linden, 2009). Benefiting from item preknowledge (e.g., Eckerly, 2017; McLeod, Lewis, & Thissen, 2003) is one type of fraudulent behavior. This article suggests two new test statistics for detecting individuals who may have benefited from item preknowledge; the statistics can be used for both nonadaptive and adaptive assessments that may include either or both of dichotomous and polytomous items. Each new statistic has an asymptotic standard normal n distribution. It is demonstrated in detailed simulation studies that the Type I error rates of the new statistics are close to the nominal level and the values of power of the new statistics are larger than those of an existing statistic for addressing the same problem.
Publication Anxiety, Quality, and Journal Rankings: Researcher Views
Authors: Coulthard Darryl , Keller Susan
Published: October 2016

Journal ranking systems are increasingly used to measure research performance of academics and universities. A growing number of academic commentators have voiced concerns of possible undesirable outcomes such as increased publication anxiety and an increase in safe and conforming research, but there have been few empirical studies on the possible effects. To address this gap, we surveyed Information Systems (IS) academics who published in one of three key IS conferences in 2013, to gather their views of the effects of journal ranking systems. Overall, we found that the concerns in the literature were strongly reflected in the views of those surveyed. Academics believe the system has greatly increased their publication anxiety. While most believed that the quality of published research had improved, researchers believe the ranking systems inhibit innovative, risky research, and encourages safe, conforming, mainstream research.
Effect of Overweight Trucks on Bridge Deck Deterioration Based on Weigh-in-Motion Data
Authors: Lou Peng , Nassif Hani , Su Dan , Truban Paul
Published: October 2016

Highway agencies are responsible for the optimal expenditure of taxpayer dollars allocated to highway infrastructure. Truck size and weight are regulated by federal legislation, and every state highway agency has its own legal load limits. In addition, state agencies issue permits for trucks with gross vehicle weights that are above legal load limits. However, the effect of overweight trucks on the service life of bridge structures, especially concrete decks, is not explicitly quantified. Detailed research on deterioration models for bridge decks was conducted. Condition ratings of bridge decks in New Jersey from the National Bridge Inventory were used to derive the deterioration of decks over time, and the expected service lives of decks on different highways were obtained. Weigh-in-motion data from stations in New Jersey were used to extract two data sets: “all trucks” and “legal trucks.” The “all trucks” data set was used to develop a deck deterioration model as a function of equivalent wheel load that could be used to estimate expected service life. Finally, bridge life-cycle cost analysis was conducted under two scenarios, one with and the other without overweight trucks, to quantify the economic impact of such trucks on bridge decks. The results indicate that overweight trucks caused more damage on New Jersey state highways than on Interstate highways because of a larger proportion of overweight trucks, heavy wheel loads from overweight trucks, and fewer axles per truck.
DataMobile: Smartphone Travel Survey Experiment
Authors: Patterson Zachary , Fitzsimmons Kyle
Published: October 2016

An experiment that used an application of a pragmatic smartphone travel survey developed to minimize respondent burden while collecting primarily passive data between destinations is described; invited participants came from known population, Concordia University. Respondent burden was reduced by optimizing battery usage, requiring little from respondents apart from downloading and installing an app, completing a short survey, and allowing the app to run in their smartphones’ background. The experiment showed that a surprisingly large number of people (892) contacted by e-mail were willing to participate in the study, with a resultant surprisingly large amount of data as well (4,154 respondent days). Moreover, the overall age distribution of the sample was found to be closer to the true population than a traditional origin–destination (O-D) survey capturing the same population. Differences in travel behavior results from the O-D survey appear plausible given what is known about both smartphone and traditional surveys. That respondents were not asked to validate their data reduced respondent burden, but some validated data are necessary to derive meaningful information from collected data. The collection of some less accurate data when GPS is not available is an important avenue to reduce the identification of missing trips. The authors view this experiment as a data point, among others, in attempts to understand the trade-offs involved in the development of smartphone applications. The authors hope it will contribute to the use of such applications on a larger scale in data collection initiatives.
Expanding License Plate Matching Capabilities with Secondary Self-Learning Algorithm
Authors: Hargrove Stephanie R. , Lim Hyeonsup , Han Lee D.
Published: October 2016

To perform the postprocessing matching of license plates between two license plate recognition (LPR) stations, a self-learning matching algorithm was employed. The key component of this algorithm is an association matrix that is a unique translator, associating two LPR units in relation to how they may see or recognize the same characters differently, for a host of reasons. This association matrix consists primarily of high-confidence matches between two LPR stations estimated directly from a set of matched character pairs. The matching algorithm’s performance decreases as the distance between the two LPR stations increases because of vehicles no longer traveling within an average travel time window, a low sample of vehicles traveling between the two LPR stations, or both. This paper proposes using a third LPR station to generate additional information to derive a better association matrix for an existing pair of LPR stations and thus replaces the existing learned-association matrix. In other words, the added LPR unit facilitates secondary or transferred learning to improve the matching performance of the first two units, even after the third LPR unit is subsequently removed. To evaluate this derived association matrix, the authors employed two simulations. They were to determine when the newly derived matrix should be used and to evaluate the overall performance of license plate matching.
Recent Advances in the Management of Ectopic Pregnsncy
Authors: Kabir Nazneen
Published: October 2016

Abstract not availableBangladesh J Obstet Gynaecol, 2013; Vol. 28(1) : 1-3
Safety and Efficacy of Methotrexate In Unruptured Ectopic Pregnancy
Authors: Forhad Quorrata Eynul , Begum Masuda , Alam Irin Parveen , Alam Md Shah
Published: October 2016

Introduction: Medical management of an unruptured ectopic pregnancy with intramuscular methotrexate is a common and cost-effective alternative to surgery1. This therapeutic transition from surgical emergency to medical management has been attributed to early diagnosis through the use of sensitive assays for ?-hCG and the high definition vaginal ultrasound.Objectives: The aim of the study was to observe the efficacy and safety of medical treatment either by a single or multiple dose of methotrexate to cure ectopic pregnancy.Materials and methods: A retrospective study from January 2005  June 2008 was carried out, collecting clinical imaging data and serum ?-hCG, time taken for complete ?-hCG resolution was recorded and negative ?-hCG result was used as an endpoint of successful outcome. Out of 14 cases, where Methotrexate (50 mg I/M) was used, two required surgery for symptom of rupture. In the remaining 12 cases, there was no side effects, complete ?-hCG resolution was achieved in 10 of the12 medically treated cases (85% success rate) within 28 days. Rest of the 2 cases needed multiple doses of Methotrexate.Results: Over all success rate was 85%. In 71% cases recovery was uneventful and complete within 7 days of treatment (Table 1). Two patients needed surgical treatment and in another one case there was abdominal pain which subsided after analgesic. Ten patients were cured by single dose only and 2 patients needed multiple dose. There was no side effects or complication of drug in any case.Conclusion: Methotrexate is safe and effective for unruptured ectopic pregnancies that satisfy the strict criteria with no side effects and the advantage of avoiding invasive surgery. This small trial gave a good impression about medical treatment in selective cases.Bangladesh J Obstet Gynaecol, 2013; Vol. 28(1) : 5-8
Safety and Efficacy of Different Doses of Misoprostol in Termination of Intrauterine Fetal Death (IUFD) Cases
Authors: Das Sunita Rani , Parveen Tabassum , Nahar KN , Begum Nasrin , Shamim Shayela , Chowdhury Saleha Begum
Published: October 2016

Introduction: Misoprostol regimens for the induction of labor in second and third trimester IUFDs, in different doses range from 50 to 400mcg are all clinically effective. Larger doses of misoprostol potentially have an increased risk of adverse effects. If low dose of vaginal misoprostol have similar effectiveness than a higher dose used on its own, lower dose will impose dual benefit on patient in terms of less cost/risk of adverse effects.Objective: To evaluate safety and efficacy of different doses of misoprostol in termination of IUD cases during the period from January to December, 2011 in the dept. of obs and gynae, BSMMU and Khulna Medical College Hospital.Materials & Methods: A randomized control trial was conducted with sixty IUD primi or multigravida cases having 28 to 42 weeks or more gestation, singletone pregnancy and Bishops score 5 or less were included. Grand multiparas, women having history of previous caesarean section or myomectomy, transverse lie, placenta praevia were excluded from the study. The selected patients were randomly divided into two groups for termination using two different doses of misoprostol. Among 60 patients 30 (group -1) received 50mcg of misoprostol 6 hourly and 30 patients received (group -2) 100mcg of misoprostol 8 hourly per vaginally.Outcome variables: Induction delivery time, number of delivery within 24 hours, mode of delivery, side-effects and complications of misoprostol were recorded. Pulse, BP, Temperature were noted every 4 hourly.Result: Induction delivery time, mean+SD was 21.7±9.47 and 26.17±11.17 hours respectively in group-1 and group-2, (P=0.10). Number of doses required was, mean±SD 2.67±0.9 in group-1 and 2.08±0.81 in group-2, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.006). Delivery within 24 hours occurred in 20(66.67%) cases in group-1 and in 16(53.33%) in group-2. Nausea, vomiting were present 16.67% and 10% in group-1 and 33.33% and 16.67% in group- 2 respectively. In both groups most of the cases had no side effect. In group-1 there was hyperstimulation in 2(6.67%) cases and tachysystole in 1(3.33%) case. In group-2 hyperstimulation and tachysystole developed in 4(13.33%) and 2(6.67%) cases respectively.Conclusion: Both50mcg and100mcg intravaginal misoprostol are safe and effective in termination of intrauterine foetal deathBangladesh J Obstet Gynaecol, 2013; Vol. 28(1) : 15-20
Management of Ectopic Pregnancy in a Tertiary Care Hospital by Surgery
Authors: Akter Saida , Sultana Sharmin
Published: October 2016

Introduction: Tubal ectopics if large, uncontrollably bleeding or severely damaged need radical surgery (salpingectomy), otherwise conservative surgery (salpingotomy, salpingostomy) is the way of operative management. Laparoscopic surgery usually done in case of haemodynamically stable condition.Objective: To explore the different ways of surgical management of ectopic pregnancy in a tertiary care hospital.Materials and methods: This cross sectional study was carried out in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Shaheed Suhrawardy Hospital and Dhaka Medical College Hospital during August 2005 and June 2006. The study population consisted of 50 women with ectopic pregnancy. Selected women underwent meticulous history taking and physical examinations. Some investigations like ultrasonography, culdocentesis, urine for pregnancy tests were done. Patients were treated by either radical or conservative surgery.Results: All (100%) women had abdominal tenderness. Ectopic pregnancy was diagnosed by history, physical examination and culdocentesis (84%), ultrasonography (12%) and laparotomy (4%). Two (4%) women were treated by conservative surgery, while the rest by radical surgery; 40 (80%) underwent unilateral salpingectomy, 3 (6%) unilateral salpingectomy with contralateral tubectomy, 2 (4%) unilateral salpingo oophorectomy, 1 (2%) total abdominal hysterectomy and 2 (4%) resection of rudimentary horn.Conclusion: Most common diagnostic tools were by history, physical examination and culdocentesis and common management was unilateral salpingectomy.Bangladesh J Obstet Gynaecol, 2013; Vol. 28(1) : 21-25
Incidence and Prevalence of Sexual Dysfunction in Infertile Females
Authors: Rohina S Aggarwal , Vineet V Mishra , Navin A Panchal , Nital H Patel , Vrushali V Deshchougule , Anil F Jasani
Published: October 2016

Introduction: The sexual response in women is complex. The association of infertility and sexual dysfunction is overlapping.Objective: To find the incidence and prevalence of female sexual dysfunction in infertile females and its correlation with infertility.Material and Methods:Total of 500 patients in the age group of 24-42 years participated in the prospective study. They were assigned fertile and infertile group. Female sexual dysfunction was assessed according to FSFI questionnaire. Patients with past history of any psychiatric illness, endocrinological disorder e.g. diabetes mellitus or on antihypertensive treatment were excluded. In our study 170 (63.67%) patients in the infertile group (n=267) had female sexual dysfunction as compared to108 (46.35%) in the fertile group (n=233), which is statistically significant (P 0.0001). Most common dysfunction observed was arousal (70%) in infertile patients. Common dysfunctions observed in fertile females were desire(40%) and orgasm(40%). FSD was significantly higher in infertile females of 31-37 years age group (P 0.002), while more common in fertile females of >42years age (P< 0.0001) . Higher female sexual dysfunction was observed in illiterate infertile females (P 0.039). Amongst the pathological factors endometriosis was the statistically significant factor associated with female sexual dysfunction and infertility (P <0.0001). No significant correlation in duration of infertility or type of infertility was observed with female sexual dysfunction.Conclusions: Female sexual dysfunction as the cause or the effect should be ascertained in infertility.Bangladesh J Obstet Gynaecol, 2013; Vol. 28(1) : 26-30
Psychiatric Disorders in Puerperium
Authors: Daise Tahmina Afreen , Kabir Nazneen , Tasnim Saria , Yesmin Nahid , Ahasan AKM Badrul
Published: October 2016

Introduction: Post partum psychiatric illness was initially conceptualized as a group of disorders specifically linked to pregnancy and childbirth and thus was considered diagnostically distinct from other types. More recent evidence suggest that Post partum psychiatric disorder is virtually indistinguishable from psychiatric disorders that occur at other times during a womans life. A wide variety of disorders are seen. Recognition of disorders for the mother-infant relationship is important, because these have pernicious long-term effects but generally respond to treatment.Objective: The objective of this review is to highlight the different type of psychiatric disorders in the puerperium and their management.Materials and Methods: Literature of reputed journals were used to prepare this article with the help of pshychiatric consultant.Results: Psychiatric disorder in puperium has got different severity. Commonly encountered disorders are: Maternity blues, Post natal depression, Post partum psychosis. Most common is related to manic depression, in which neuroleptic drugs should be used with caution. Eighty five (85%) of women experiences mood changes in postpartum. About 10%-15% of women develops post partum depression. 0.1% -0.2% experience postpartum psychosis. 4,00000 children are born to depressed mothers every year.Conclusion: The obstetrics team should alert both to possible interaction between psychological and obstretics factors and to the range of psychiatric disorders that may occur during pregnancy and puperium. The obstetrics and psychiatric teams should work together to improve their services locally and high light the need for greater service provision every where ic stress disorder, obsessions of child harm, and a range of anxiety disorders all require specific psychological treatments. Postpartum depression necessitates thorough exploration. Cessation of breastfeeding is not necessary, because most antidepressant drugs seem not to affect the infant. Controlled trials have shown the benefit of involving the childs father in therapy and of interventions promoting interaction between mother and infant. Owing to its complexity, multidisciplinary specialist teams have an important place in postpartum period. It should have clinical priority those are suffering from psychiatric problem during puperium as they are in crucial situation. It is important to recognize earliar to avoid undesirable consequences, which are harmful both for mother and infant.. According to severity patient may need counseling, social support, sometimes patient may need hospitalization in severe cases. There are several traditional methods worldwide sometimes they are beneficial and sometimes harmful to mother and infant.Bangladesh J Obstet Gynaecol, 2013; Vol. 28(1) : 38-43
Leiomyoma at an Unusual Site: A Case Report
Authors: Deeba Farzana , Fatima Parveen , Banu Jesmine , Begum Nurjahan , Anwary Shaheen Ara , Ishrat Shakeela
Published: October 2016

Uterine leiomyomas are one of the most common tumors found in women of reproductive age. Leiomyoma is usually derived from uterine smooth muscle but sometimes it may arise from an unusual site, have rarely been reported in this age group.In this present case, vaginal fibroid caused clinical dilema. Here, we report the rare case of a leiomyoma in a 27-years married, nuliparous lady; presented with dyspareunea and rectal pain treated by myomectomy. The treatment of the symptomatic fibroid is either myomectomy or hysterectomy1. A liomyoma was located in rectovaginal septum and , at the junction middle and lower one third of vagina and above the anal canal, separate from the uterus. Histopathological examination confirmed as a case of leiomyoma.Bangladesh J Obstet Gynaecol, 2013; Vol. 28(1) : 44-46
Acute Lichen Sclerosus in a 25 Years Young Female- A Case Report
Authors: Yasmin Nahid , Kabir Nazneen , Daise Tahmina Afrin , Ahmed Shahrin , Sharmin Farhana
Published: October 2016

Lichen sclerosus (LS) is a disease of unknown cause that results in white patches on the skin, which may cause scarring on and around genital skin1. Several risk factors have been proposed, including autoimmune diseases, infections and genetic predisposition2,3. There is evidence that LS can be associated with thyroid disease4. Women are more commonly affected than men (10 to 1 ratio), particularly prepubertal girls and after menopause. The condition most commonly occurs on the vulva and around the anus with ivory-white elevations that may be flat and glistening. There may be marked itching or the condition may be without any symptoms. There may also be thinning and shrinkage of the genital area. This condition is presented here as an younger woman presented with acute form of lichen sclerosus.Bangladesh J Obstet Gynaecol, 2013; Vol. 28(1) : 47-50
Abstracts Vol.28(1)
Authors: Chowdhury Saleha Begum
Published: October 2016

Abstract not availableBangladesh J Obstet Gynaecol, 2013; Vol. 28(1) : 51-52
Society News Vol.28(1)
Authors: Fatima Parveen
Published: October 2016

Abstract not availableBangladesh J Obstet Gynaecol, 2013; Vol. 28(1) : 53
International News Vol.28(1)
Authors: Chowdhury Saleha Begum
Published: October 2016

Abstract not availableBangladesh J Obstet Gynaecol, 2013; Vol. 28(1) : 54
Prof Syed Ershad Ali & Dr. AKM Salehuddin
Authors: Chowdhury Saleha Begum
Published: October 2016

Abstract not availableBangladesh J Obstet Gynaecol, 2013; Vol. 28(1) : 55-56
Prevention of Pre-eclampsia
Authors: Begum Firoza
Published: October 2016

Abstract not availableBangladesh J Obstet Gynaecol, 2013; Vol. 28(2) : 57-59
Comparative Study of Serum Lipid Profile in Pre-eclampsia in a Tertiary Care Hospital, Bangladesh
Authors: Nahar Kamrun , Yasmin Halima , Akhter Afsana , Shamsuddin Latifa , Khatun Sufia
Published: October 2016

Objective: To estimate lipid profile in pre-eclampsia cases in Mymensingh Medical College Hospital.Materials and Methods: This cross sectional study was carried out in the dept. of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of Mymensingh Medical College and Hospital (MMCH) and outdoor Pathology Dept. of MMCH. A total 100 pregnant women were included in this study, out of which 50 were pre-eclampsia and 50 normal pregnant women. Purposive sampling technique was followed for selection of study population. Estimation of serum total cholesterol, triglyceride (TG), high density lipoprotein (HDL), low density lipoprotein (LDL) were done by colorometric method.Result: Findings of the study showed that woman with pre-eclampsia exhibits 14% higher mean plasma level of total cholesterol. It was (229.12 ± 49.31 mg/dl) in pre-eclampsia and (196.68 ± 38.60 ml/dl) in control group and the deference was statistically highly significant (p<.001). Mean plasma level of triglyceride (TG) was approximately 20% higher in the study group (251.28 ± 80.51) as compared with control (200.84 ± 80.51) which was also statistically significant (p<0.01). There was significant raised level of LDL cholesterol in pre-eclampsia (142.12 ± 44.57 mg/dl) as compared to (114.21 ± 37.81 mg/dl) in control which was statistically significant (p=0.004). HDL cholesterol level was found 13% lower in pre-eclampsia pregnant women than control group. There was statistically significant decrease of HDL cholesterol (p<0.05) in study group in which it was 36.74 ± 8.42 mg/dl and in normal pregnancy it was 42.40 ± 9.91 mg/dl.Conclusion: It can be concluded that altered serum lipid levels are seen in pre-eclampsia compared to normal pregnancy.Bangladesh J Obstet Gynaecol, 2013; Vol. 28(2) : 61-65
Role of High Dose Calcium in the Prevention of Preeclampsia
Authors: Khan Aparna , Mandal Susil Kumar , Pal Amitava
Published: October 2016

Objectives: To assess the effect of supplementation of high dose of calcium(2gm) in prevention of preeclampsia.Materials & Methods: A randomized controlled clinical trial on 272 healthy nulliparous woman were randomly allocated into two groups by means of a computer generation randomization list. From 20 weeks of gestation until delivery who received 2gm of oral elemental calcium per day (n=127 )were assigned to high dose calcium group or the study group and 145 women were assigned to low dose calcium or control group , receiving 500 mg of calcium per day. Ten women (3.67%) were lost to follow up after randomization (4 in the study group and 6 in the control group) . Thus a total of 123 woman in the study group and 139 in the control group were included in the final analysis. Data was collected by standard questionnaire, clinical examination and investigations and statistical analysis was performed by students t-test, chi square tests. P<0.05 was statistically significant.Results: Preeclampsia developed in Study Group were 5.7% and Control Group 13.7% and the difference was statistically significant (Chi-squares - 4.65, df =1, p = 0.031). There were 2.43% (3 of 123 women) preterm delivery in the study group and 7.91% (11 of 39 women) in the control group. So, there was a significantly lower risk of preterm delivery in the study group ( p = 0.049). Intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) was found in 3.25% and 9.35% of women in the study and the control groups respectively. The incidence is higher in the control group when compared to the study group (p = 0.045).Conclusion: Calcium intake is beneficial for both pregnant women and her unborn child. Daily supplementation with 2 grams of calcium during pregnancy significantly reduced the risk of preeclampsia, preterm labor and IUGR. So, high dose calcium should be supplemented to all women during pregnancy in developing countries where preeclampsia and preeclampsia related morbidities and mortality are quite high.Bangladesh J Obstet Gynaecol, 2013; Vol. 28(2) : 66-70
Management Strategies and Maternal Outcome of Placenta Accreta
Authors: Chowdhury Ferdousi , Akhter Mahbuba , Khatoon Rokeya , Begum Morzina , Siddiqua Mahbuba , Akter Saida , Chowdhury Rahat Afza , Begum Anoara
Published: October 2016

Objectives: To find out the proportion and maternal outcome of placenta accreta.Materials and Methods: Total 10579 deliveries were served during January 2013 to 31st December 2013 in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Addin Women Medical College Hospital, Dhaka. All patients who needed postpartum or cesarean hysterectomy for postpartum hemorrhage and diagnosed as placenta accreta after postpartum hysterectomy were included for the study. Among them who were antentally diagnosed as placenta previa with having other risk factors of placenta accreta, were evaluated by Doppler Sonography. All these cases such as diagnosed, suspected or only had multiple risk factors of placenta accreta were managed by a team approach and proper counseling of the patients guardian about need of massive transfusion, hysterectomy, Intensive Care Unit (ICU) admission .Results: Among the total 10579 deliveries 22 cases were diagnosed as placenta accreta after postpartum hysterectomy. On histopathology 8 of these cases were placenta percreta, 7 cases were placenta increta and 7 cases were placenta accreta vera. Almost ninety one (90.90%) patient had placenta previa and 90.90% patient had past H/O one or two cesarean section. Placenta percreta cases were more common in patients with H/O two previous C/S or one C /S and dilatation & curettage (D&C). In all preoperatively diagnosed cases, Right lower paramedian incision was given and hysterectomy was done leaving the placenta in situ.Conclusion: Placenta accreta is associated with previous two or more cesarean deliveries, or multigravidae with past H/O repeated D&C or M/R or combined. History of of these operations are diagnosed as having anterior or central placenta previa.Bangladesh J Obstet Gynaecol, 2013; Vol. 28(2) : 71-75
Premature Rupture of Membrane - A Clinical Study In Comilla Medical College Hospital
Authors: Nazneen Shahela , Begum Farhana , Nargis Shakila
Published: October 2016

Objective: To find out the sociodemographic characteristics, complications of pregnant woman with premature rupture of membrane (PROM) and asses the outcome of it.Materials and Methods: This prospective study was carried out at the department of Obstetrics & gynaecology of Comilla Medical College Hospital (CoMCH) from January 2009 to December 2009. All pregnant women admitted with PROM during this period were taken as study population. After taking proper history they were categorized as term or preterm PROM on the basis of duration of gestation estimated from 1st day of last menstrual period (LMP), previous antenatal records, clinical examination & also previous ultrasonography (USG) reports. Out of sociodemographic characteristics age distribution and gravidity were noted. Diagnosis was done on the basis of examination and investigations. All the women with PROM were then followed up, management was given according to protocol and caesarean section was performed according to indication. Birth weight and Apgar score of newborns were noted after delivery.Results: There were 198 cases of PROM recorded among 3142 admitted obstetrical patients over one year period. The hospital incidence of PROM was found to be 6.3%. Among them, 57.6% patients were admitted at term and 42.4% patients came before 37 completed weeks of gestation. Most of the pregnant women were between 20-24 years of age (54%), 41% were primigravida (59%) were multigravida. About 48.5% women presented with different complications associated with PROM. Among which 15.7% patients had oligohydramnios, 8.5% patients presented with chorioamnionitis suggested by culture report of high vaginal swab. Urine for culture and sensitivity was also done. About five (5.2%) developed premature labour before 37th week of gestation. About 10% women developed obstetric complications (failed trial) associated with medical diseases. Seventy seven patients were delivered by caesarean section, 16.2% vaginally, 4.04% patients responded to conservative management and 2.5% patients were referred to tertiary centre for extreme prematurity with associated complicating factors. Most of the babies (38.4%) were born with birth weight between 2.1- 2.5kg and 10.3% babies were less than 1.5kg.Conclusion: Term PROM was more in comparison to PPROM and most of them were multigravida. Caesarean section rate was high. Most common complication of was subclinical urogenital infection (53%) next oligohydramnios (25%) & (13.5%) women presented with chorioamnionitis.Bangladesh J Obstet Gynaecol, 2013; Vol. 28(2) : 82-87
Role of Diagnostic Laparoscopy in Evaluation of Infertile Women
Authors: Akhtarunnessa - , Chowdhury TA , Ara Ismat , Gazi Md Lutful Karim , Biswas Banika
Published: October 2016

Aims: To find out the magnitude of different types of pelvic pathologies female infertility by laparoscopy.Methods: Nine hundred infertile women who had undergone infertility evaluation by laparoscopy to see the pelvic pathology or evaluation of pelvic organs at a private infertility clinic at Dhaka between January 2002 and October 2004 were studied. Assessment of these patients was carried out carefully before starting the endoscopic procedures. A full history was taken which was followed by thorough general, abdominal and pelvic examinations then Laparoscopy was performed under general anaesthesia .Results: The mean age ranged from 18 to 42 years. Among them 612 (68%) patients were aged between 21 to 30 years. Six hundred and seven (67.44%) patients had primary infertility and 293 (32.56%) had secondary infertility. Laparoscopic findings showed that 610 (67.78%) patients had normal uterus while 390 (31.22%) had abnormalities of uterus. Among them 76 (8.4%) had uterine myomas. Five hundred and seventy four (64%) had normal tubes, 70 (7.8%) had some form of peritubal adhesions and 196 (21.78%) had tubal block, either unilateral or bilateral. Six hundred and sixty seven (74.11%) patients had normal pelvic peritoneum, 148 (16.44%) had pelvic adhesions probably from pelvic inflammatory diseases and 85 (9.45%) had frank endometriosis. Two hundred and eighty nine (32.11%) had normal ovaries, 370 (41.11%) had polycystic ovaries (PCO), 109 (12.11%) had periovarian adhesions 72 (8%) patients had simple ovarian cysts while 19 (2.11%) had endometriotic (chocolate) cysts.Conclusion: Ovarian pathology was the highest pelvic abnormality (41%) followed by tubal pathology 36% and uterine pathology 32%.Bangladesh J Obstet Gynaecol, 2013; Vol. 28(2) : 88-91
Prenatal Management of Compromised Fetus
Authors: Begum Shamsun Nahar , Kabir Nazneen , Akhter Fahima
Published: October 2016

Compromised fetuses are those who are at increased risk in intrauterine life due to various factor resulting in increased mortality & morbidity. Fetal compromise in pregnancy is difficult to assess. Diagnostic skills for fetal diseases have improved enormously, but therapeutic approaches remains limited. The Fetus should be considered as a separate individual and fetal medicine now needs to move into phase of evidence based management. Due to relative rarity of fetal disorder, a multicentre study is needed and this is the challenge for the next decade of fetal medicine.Bangladesh J Obstet Gynaecol, 2013; Vol. 28(2) : 92-99
Massive intra-abdominal Haemorrhage in a Pregnant Patient with Cirrhosis of Liver - A Case Report
Authors: Begum Monowara , Begum Housneara
Published: October 2016

Pregnancy is a rare event in patients with cirrhosis. Recent improvements in the treatment of chronic liver disease have resulted in higher conception rates and more successful pregnancy outcomes. Still pregnancy in cirrhosis is associated with high incidence of foetal loss as well as higher maternal mortality both during pregnancy and in the post-partum period. In this paper we described a case of a successful pregnancy in a young woman with advanced cirrhosis facing life threatening condition in her last trimester and perioperative period.Bangladesh J Obstet Gynaecol, 2013; Vol. 28(2) : 100-102
Rupture of Interstitial Pregnancy in Early Gestation due to Prostaglandin Abuse
Authors: Kour Sandeep , Manhas Kamlesh
Published: October 2016

Interstitial pregnancy occurs when the fertilised ovum implants in the interstitial portion of the fallopian tube. It occurs in around 2% of all the ectopic pregnancies . It can last up to mid trimester before it ruptures spontaneously as it can grow inside the interstitium for long period of time. If not detected early, can lead to a fatal outcome. Mifepristone (antiprogesterone) followed by a low dose of misoprostol (prostaglandin E1 analog) has been used for termination of early pregnancy after ruling out ectopic pregnancy, but there have been many reports of misuse of this combination especially in the developing countries. Here we report a case of interstitial pregnancy, which ruptured at 6 weeks of gestation due to misuse of this combination as an over the counter drug without looking for ectopic pregnancy.Bangladesh J Obstet Gynaecol, 2013; Vol. 28(2) : 103-105
Abstracts Vol.28(2)
Authors: Chowdhury Saleha Begum
Published: October 2016

Abstract not availableBangladesh J Obstet Gynaecol, 2013; Vol. 28(2) : 106-107
Society News Vol.28(2)
Authors: Fatima Parveen
Published: October 2016

Abstract not availableBangladesh J Obstet Gynaecol, 2013; Vol. 28(2) : 108
International News Vol.28(2)
Authors: Chowdhury Saleha Begum
Published: October 2016

Abstract not availableBangladesh J Obstet Gynaecol, 2013; Vol. 28(2) : 109
Dr. Parveen Shahida Khanum & Prof. Ameena Mojid
Authors: Chowdhury Saleha Begum
Published: October 2016

Abstract not availableBangladesh J Obstet Gynaecol, 2013; Vol. 28(2) : 110-111
Potential role of P2X7 receptor in regulating kidney stem cells in the course of acute kidney injury
Authors: Yang Long , Dong Xiu-Juan
Published: October 2016

The role of the P2X7R in developing acute kidney injury is unknown. In this study, we  developed acute kidney injury mouse model system using 0.75% adenine and examined for renal damage using histology on day 2 and day 4. P2X7 antagonist (A438079) was used to study the recovery process after initial damage and it shows positive histological data. The P2X7R expression on the day 2 and day 4 of acute kidney injury was studied using immunohisto-chemistry and Western blotting. Result shows elevated expression as acute kidney injury progress. Later the P2X7R expression was compared with apoptotic signal and stem cell specific marker (CD133).  The results conclude that the apoptotic signals are mainly associated with advanced stage of acute kidney injury but not much in day 2. Similarly, CD133 expression was mask-ed in latter stages of injury following elevated expression in the initial stages.

 
Current Updates on High-Risk Human Papilloma Virus Testing for Cervical Cancer Screening
Authors: Begum SM Khodeza Nahar
Published: October 2016

Abstract not availableJ MEDICINE January 2016; 17 (1) : 1-2
Predictors of Morbidity & Mortality in Organophosphorus Poisoning: A Case Study in Rural Hospital of Karnataka
Authors: Banday Tanveer Hassan , Bashir Sadaf , Naik Vikas , Baharat -
Published: October 2016

Organophosphorous pesticides poisoning can result from occupational, accidental or intentional exposure. Clinical manifestations include cholinergic syndromes, central nervous system and cardiovascular disorders Death is usually due to cardiovascular& respiratory failure.Material & methods: This case series was conducted in department Medicine AIMS, Bangalore from July 2013 to June 2014. Detailed history & clinical examination was done. Diagnosis of OP poisoning was based on clinical features, history of exposure to a known OP compound and low serum Achcholiesterase & pseudocholiesterase activity.Results: Out of one thirty three, one hundred and thirty (82.66%) patients ingested the compound, 23 (7.6%) & only three patients had dermal / inhaled exposure while spraying pesticides in rice fields. In our study female to male ratio in was 1: 3.2, age ranged from 13 to 50 years with mean age was 31.5 years. Acute complications were frequently noted and were related to morbidity & mortality. Most consistent clinical symptoms were miosis 93.6%, increased salivation 86.4%, anxiety and restlessness 82.7%, bronchospam 78.1% and incontinence in 58%.Conclusion: In OP acute complications are seen more frequently and are related to mortality & morbidity. The importance of rapid diagnosis, early and effective treatment should not be overlooked because patients who receive early& effective treatment generally will do better and have less complication and severity of poisoning.J MEDICINE January 2016; 17 (1) : 3-7
IL-2, IFN-?³ and anti-HBs based Immune Responses to Hepatitis B Vaccine in Type 2 Diabetic Patients
Authors: Chowdhury Ashesh Kumar , Bokshi Sujal Kumar , Rahman Zeenat Farzana , Taher Md Abu , Choudhury Subhagata
Published: October 2016

Background: The immune status is usually hampered in patients of diabetes mellitus. The global pandemic of diabetes principally involves type 2 diabetes. In diabetic patients higher prevalence of hepatitis B virus infection is also noted that leads to more severe complications. This study was conducted to determine the immune responses to hepatitis B vaccine in type 2 diabetic patients.Methods: In this study 33 diabetic patients were included as experimental group and 34 non diabetic healthy persons were included as control group. All the participants were vaccinated with hepatitis B vaccine following 0, 1, 6 months schedule. The vaccine responses in diabetic and non diabetic group were compared depending on seromarkers (anti-HBs titer, IL-2 and IFN-?) following vaccination.Results: The mean value of anti-HBs titer was lower in diabetic group (357.81 mIU/ml) than non diabetic group (621.24 mIU/ml) but the difference was not significant (p>0.05), the mean value of IFN-? was lower in diabetic group (0.1480 IU/ml) than non diabetic group (0.2788 IU/ml) and here the difference was significant (p<0.05), the mean value of serum IL-2 level was also lower in diabetic group (0.2611IU/ml) than non diabetic group (0.3691 IU/ml) but the difference was not significant (p>0.05).Conclusion: The study revealed no statistically significant variation in anti-HBs and IL-2 but a diminished IFN-? level as the immune response in diabetic patients after HBV infection.J MEDICINE January 2016; 17 (1) : 8-11
Assessment of Cranial Sonographic Findings of Hypoxic Ischemic Brain Injury in Perinatal Asphyxia
Authors: Yasmin Tarana , Akther Shaheen , Sultana Sohely , Amin Mashah Binte
Published: October 2016

Background: In perinatal asphyxia, hypoxic ischemic brain injury remains most serious condition causing significant mortality and long term morbidity. Early detection of intracranial changes and its consequences will enhance timely intervention and better out come. Cranial sonography can be done to assess the abnormalities of brain in perinatal asphyxia. Objectives: The objective of this study was to evaluate usefulness of cranial sonography in perinatal asphyxia.Methods: This was an observational study conducted from March 2014 to February 2015 at department of radiology and imaging, Enam Medical College and Hospital. Total 100 neonates with perinatal asphyxia were included in this study. Cranial USG was done in all cases and sonographic abnormalities were evaluated.Result: 56 term (>37 weeks of gestation ) and 44preterm (<37 weeks of gestation ) newborn having birth asphyxia were taken as cases in this study. Common cranial sonographic findings of preterm babies were periventricular leukomalacia 29% (13), germinal matrix hemorrhage 14% (6), Intraventricular hemorrhage 11% (5) cerebral oedema 7% (3) and normal 39% (17). Common cranial USG findings in term babies were cerebral oedema 43% (24), intracerebral hemorrhage 5% (3), Focal cerebral infarct 4% (2), Intraventricular hemorrhage 2% (1) and normal 46% (26).Conclusion: This study found that transcranial sonography is useful to identify the abnormalities in brain of asphyxiated neonate and helps to predict the neurodevelopmental outcome. So proper management plan can be done.J MEDICINE January 2016; 17 (1) : 12-16
Pattern and Risk Factors of Diabetic Retinopathy among Type 2 Diabetic Patients: Experience in a Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Billah Md Mostarshid , Rahim Muhammad Abdur , Rahman Md Anisur , Mitra Palash , Chowdhury Tufayel Ahmed , Hossan Md Emtiaz , Hossain Md Golzar , Ashrafuzzaman SM , Uddin Khwaja Nazim , Mansur Md Abul
Published: October 2016

Background: Diabetic retinopathy is the commonest cause of blindness in the working age group of both developed and developing countries. It is the indicator of all micro-vascular complications of diabetes mellitus. This study was aimed to find out the frequency and pattern of diabetic retinopathy among hospitalized adult type 2 diabetic patients.Methodology: This cross-sectional study was carried out in the Department of Medicine and Endocrinology of BIRDEM General Hospital, Dhaka over a period of six months. Retinopathy was determined by fundoscopic examination in dilated pupil. Data were collected in preformed questionnaire including demographic characteristics, fundoscopic findings, and laboratory investigation reports with prior informed consent of the patients.Results: Total patients were 94, male were 52 and female were 42. Mean age of the patients was 52.2 ± 11.12 years. Hypertension was the most common (42.8%) co-morbid condition followed by dyslipidemia (33%), nephropathy (34%), neuropathy (21.3%), ischemic heart disease (9.6%) and stroke (5.3%). Study showed 37.23% Patient had good glycemic control (HbA1C <7%) and 62.77% had poor glycemic control. The frequency of retinopathy of any form was present in 36.2% patients. Among them, non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) was present in 78.79%, proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) 6.06%, maculopathy 6.06%, both maculopathy and PDR in 9.09% diabetic patients. Among NPDR, 46.15 % was mild, 26.92% was moderate and 26.92% was severe NPDR. This study also revealed retinopathy was more with increase in duration of diabetes (66.6% vs. 17.3% p=0.01), in poorly controlled diabetic than good control (52.54% vs. 8.5%, p=0.01), those with hypertension (55% vs. 22%, p=0.02), and those having diabetic nephropathy (78.12% vs. 14.51%, p=0.01).Conclusion: This study showed frequency of diabetic retinopathy was 36.2% and among retinopathy NPDR was predominate. Poor glycemic control, increase duration of diabetes, presence of other microvascular complication i.e. nephropathy found to be significant risk factors for developing retinopathy.J MEDICINE January 2016; 17 (1) : 17-20
Association of Hypertriglyceridemia with Ischemic Stroke, Study in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Bangladesh
Authors: Karim Md Enamul , Mondal Shekhar Kumar , Kabir AKM Humayon , Das Partha Pratim , Biswas Sarmistha , Ahmed Nigar Sultana
Published: October 2016

Background: Hypertriglyceridemia fosters the development of atherosclerosis via several mechanisms and lead to ischemic stroke (IS) through its contribution to thrombogenicity. The association of hypertriglyceridemia with ischemic stroke was evaluated in this study.Methods: This was a case control study conducted in the Department of Medicine, Dhaka Medical College Hospital and data was collected in a questionnaire from January to June2013. Patients presented with ischemic stroke, confirmed by CT scan of Head/ MRI of brain from 1 day to 6 months and other than ischemic stroke patients were considered as case and control respectively.Results: The mean age was found 61.0±8.3 years in case group and 60.5±8.1 years in control group. Male were predominant in both groups which was 80 (80.0%) in case group and 84 (84.0%) in control group. More than two third (68.0%) in cases and one fourth (25.0%) in controls patients had hypertension. 12 (12.0%) in cases and 2 (2.0%) in controls patients had heart disease. Normal triglycerides was found 52 (52.0%) in cases and 72 (72.0%) in control. The mean TG was found 179.9±62.8 mg/dl in cases and 148.0±51.9 mg/dl in controls. Desirable cholesterol was found 16 (16.0%) in cases and 25 (25.0%) in controls. The mean cholesterol was found 238.0±4.0 mg/dl in cases and 213.0±42.0 in controls. Optimal LDL was found 12 (12.0%) and 18 (18.0%) in case and control group respectively. Mean LDL was found 167.0±35.2 mg/dl in cases and 141.0±36.1 mg/dl in controls. Low HDL was found 64 (64.0%) in cases and 26 (26.0%) in controls. Mean HDL was found 41.2±10.6 mg/dl in case group and 49.0±8.6 mg/dl in control group.Conclusion: Ischemic stroke is significantly associated with a higher level of TC, TG, LDL and HDL (inversely). Therefore, Hypercholesterolemia and Hypertriglyceridemia may be a risk factor for ischemic stroke.J MEDICINE January 2016; 17 (1) : 21-26
Median Age of Medical Inpatients in a Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Bala Chandra Shekhar , Biswas Sarmistha , Sarkar Md Mahfuze , Sarkar Prodip Kumar , Sultana Maimuna , Begum Mahmuda , Chowdhury Joybayer Anam , Minnat Baharul , Ahasan HAM Nazmul
Published: October 2016

Introduction: Population demography of the world including Bangladesh is on transition. The increasing number of elderly persons has a direct impact on the demand for health services due to the consequent rise in degenerative diseases of aging and changing life style. The chief objective was to know the median age of the medical inpatients.Methods: This was an observational study. It was conducted in the wards of Medicine department of Dhaka Medical College Hospital from the 1st of March to 15th March.Result: Median age of the admitted patients is 44.5 years. Highest admission is from the 6th to 8th decade of age group. A total of 176 patients (31.88%) were above the ageof 60 years.Discussion: Median age is one of the important measures of population aging. Global median age is 29 years whereas median age of Bangladeshi population is 22 years. The medianage of medical inpatients is relatively high. Percentage of patients aged more than 50 years are doubled in two decades.Conclusion: It is evident that the face of patients in medicine wards is growing older. We must redistribute our resources to deal the conditions and diseases prevalent to the elderly people. We must be kept our preparedness up to date to serve the senior citizens.J MEDICINE January 2016; 17 (1) : 27-29