bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Investigations into the efficiency of computer-aided synthesis planning
Authors: Hartog Peter B.R. , Westerlund Annie M. , Tetko Igor V. , Genheden Samuel
Published: October 2024

Efficiency of machine learning (ML) models is crucial to minimize inference times and reduce carbon footprints of models deployed in production environments. Current models employed in retrosynthesis to generate a synthesis route from a target molecule to purchasable compounds are prohibitively slow. The model operates in single-step fashion in a tree search algorithm by predicting reactant molecules given a product molecule as input. In this study, we investigate the ability of alternative transformer architectures, knowledge distillation (KD) and simple hyper-parameter optimization to decrease inference times of the Chemformer model. Initially, we assess the ability of closely related transformer architectures and conclude that these models under-performed when using KD. Additionally, we investigate the effects of feature-based and response-based KD together with hyper-parameters optimized based on inference sample time and model accuracy. We find that although reducing model size and improving single-step speed are important, our results indicate that multi-step search efficiency is more significantly influenced by the diversity and confidence of single-step models. Based on this work, further research should use KD in combination with other techniques, as multi-step speed continues to prevent proper integration of synthesis planning. However, in Monte Carlo-based (MC) multi-step retrosynthesis, other factors play a crucial role in balancing exploration and exploitation during the search process, often outweighing the direct impact of single-step model speed and carbon footprints.
Molecular Structural Control of the Amorphous-Crystalline Balance in Solids: Structure-Phase Correlation in DADQs with Enhanced/Switchable Fluorescence
Authors: Maurya Ritesh Singh , Radhakrishnan T. P.
Published: October 2024

The amorphous/crystalline (A/C) assembly in molecular solids has a direct bearing on their attributes and applications, including mechanical, pharmaceutical, electronic and photophysical. However, a precise understanding of the molecular features and interactions that govern such assemblies has rarely been realized. The enhanced fluorescence of select classes of molecular materials with various applications in displays, sensing and imaging, is strongly influenced by their crystallinity; the subtle balance between the A and C forms is key to their use as functional phase change materials. We have synthesized and structurally characterized two series of alkoxyalkyl diaminodicyanoquinodimethanes (ROR′-DADQs) exhibiting enhanced and tunable fluorescence from the solution, to the A state, to the C state. An exhaustive study of their photophysical responses, thermal characteristics and A-C phase changes reveal significant correlations with the molecular structural features (R and R′ moieties), key interactions like H-bonds, and molecular orientations in the lattice. These observations provide novel insights into the molecular structural control of the A/C states in molecular solids, and A-C phase change systems; fluorescence switching is exploited as a signature of the phase transformations. The factors promoting the A or C forms of molecular solids can guide the design of novel materials and devices exploiting such supramolecular structures and their interconversions.
MODELLING OF A DRILL STRING MOTION UNDER SEISMIC IMPACT
Authors:   AL-FARABI KAZAKH NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, Khajiyeva Lelya , Gaisin Amir , Sabirova Roza
Published: October 2024

The article studies nonlinear dynamics of drill strings in a seismically active environment. The influence of seismic waves on the vibrations of drill strings for shallow drilling is considered. Deformations of drill strings are assumed to be finite. Based on the Ostrogradsky-Hamilton variational principle and the laws of soil motion, a nonlinear mathematical model of spatial deformation of drill strings is constructed. A numerical analysis of the model is performed using the Wolfram Mathematica symbolic computing package. Qualitative and quantitative changes in the dynamics of drill strings are observed, manifested in the form of beats due to the influence of seismic waves.
FINDING THE SOLUTION OF THE ELLIPTIC SYSTEM OF THE FIRSTORDER IN THE FORM OF A VECTOR-FUNCTION
Authors:   AL-FARABI KAZAKH NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, Kusherbayeva Ulbike , Altynbek Serik
Published: October 2024

The relationship between Douglis analytic functions and the analytic functions of the Laplace equation for elliptic equations with constant coefficients serves the same purpose. In this sense, some boundary value problems solved by Douglis using analytic functions remain relevant today. Douglis’s Bitsadze-Samarsky problem on analytic functions was reconsidered by A.P. Soldatov. Meanwhile, for certain types of matrices and regions, V.G. Nikolaev proved the existence and uniqueness of the Schwarz problem solution. In any region G of the complex plane C, we considered a first order system y J x =F, where the eigenvalues of the constant matrix J Cl l lie in the upper half-plane, Imv > 0. In the case where l = 1 J = J(z) is continuous and ImJ > 0, we obtain the Beltrami equation. In this paper, to find the solution of elliptic equation with constant coefficient, the corresponding J-analytic system was constructed by choosing the matrix J of size 2 x 2andJ has no real eigenvalues. In the postcomponential notation, the system consists of two differential equations depending on the variable z. Thus, the solution of this equation was found using the vector- function.
ON THE CORRECTNESS OF ONE CLASS OF FOURTH-ORDERSINGULAR DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS
Authors:   AL-FARABI KAZAKH NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, Moldagali Yerkebulan , Ospanov Kordan
Published: October 2024

The differential equation of fourth-order with variable smooth coefficients, given on the real axis, is investigated. The coefficients of the equation can be unbounded, and the sign of the potential (the lowest coefficient) is not defined. The case is considered that the intermediate term containing the second derivative of the desired function, as an operator, does not obey the operator of the equation. It is known that fourth-order differential equations with variable coefficients are used in various problems of mathematical physics. The simplest biharmonic equation with minor terms is important for its applications in the theory of elasticity, the mechanics of elastic plates and the slow flow of viscous liquids. However, it is a very special case of a general equation with variable coefficients. Some problems of stochastic analysis, oscillation theory, biology and mathematical finance lead to the equation we are studying. In addition, fourth–order singular differential equations are often used as regularizers in the study of lower-order equations, for example, reaction-diffusion equations. In the paper, sufficient solvability conditions of the equation and the maximal regularity inequality of a strong generalized solution are obtained. The restrictions are formulated in terms of the coefficients themselves and rather weak. They do not contain conditions for any derivatives of coefficients and represent relations between the orders of growth of coefficients of different orders at infinity. The weight estimation of the norms of a solution established by us allows us to additionally apply the methods of the theory of functional spaces to the study of further properties of the solution, for example, the approximation of its elements by finite-dimensional spaces.
Development of an error correction algorithm for Kazakh language
Authors:   AL-FARABI KAZAKH NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, Mussiraliyeva Shynar , Bolatbek Milana , Azanbay Kuralay , Yeltay Zhastay
Published: October 2024

This article discusses a method for correcting spelling errors in the Kazakh language using the advantages of morphological analysis and a model based on noisy channels. To achieve this goal, modern problems of automatic processing of Kazakh textual information were analyzed, existing linguistic resources and processing systems of the Kazakh language were systematized, the basic requirements for the development of a system for analyzing Kazakh textual information based on machine learning were determined, and models and algorithms for extracting facts from unstructured and poorly structured text arrays were developed. The search function, an enhanced spelling correction algorithm, was utilized in this work and has the ability to recommend the proper spelling of the input text. The maximum editing distance, whether to include the original word when near matches are not found, and how to handle case sensitivity and exclusion based on regular expressions are all easily adjustable features of this functionality. Because of their adaptability, algorithms can be applied to a wide range of problems, from straightforward spell checks in user interfaces to intricate natural language processing assignments. Because of the way it’s designed, the search function finds possible corrections and verifies the context of words while accounting for user preferences like verbosity and ignore markers. Most modern multilingual natural language processing programs use only the graphical stage of text processing. On the other hand, semantic text analysis or analysis of the meaning of natural language is still an important problem in the theory of artificial intelligence and computational linguistics. But in order to process the grammar and semantics of multilingual information, precreated semantic and grammatical corpora of each natural language are necessary. To solve this problem, several tasks were considered and solved. These tasks included the analysis of research in the field of machine learning methods used in the processing of textual information, the existing problems of formalization and modeling of the Kazakh language, as well as the development and implementation of models, methods and algorithms for morphological and semantic analysis of texts of the Kazakh language.
Quantifying cost-savings in the treatment of neovascular age-related macular degeneration in Aotearoa New Zealand
Authors: Lewis James , Roskruge Matthew , Ah-Chan John
Published: October 2024

aims: To estimate the cost-impact if faricimab were approved for the treatment of neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) in New Zealand. methods: A retrospective, single-centre cost-analysis study. Data on intravitreal agent and injection intervals were obtained and statistically compared. Cost estimates were based on internal facility and publicly available data. The current costs of care were compared to two scenarios: one where all eyes receive faricimab, and another where eyes receiving aflibercept switch to faricimab. results: A total of 352 eyes from 292 patients were analysed. Present values locally over 10 years were estimated at -$6,776,340 for the first scenario and $5,015,922 for the second, releasing 252 and 176 hours of clinical time per year, respectively. Nationally, the savings extrapolated to -$187,925,737 and $139,104,706, respectively. The analysis indicates significant direct cost savings for the health sector and potential reductions in patient harm due to fewer injections. conclusions: The approval of faricimab for the treatment of nAMD could result in substantial direct cost savings for the health sector. Additional benefits include reducing patient harm and improving ophthalmic health inequalities for Māori and Pacific peoples. Further research in diverse patient populations across multiple centres is needed to estimate the magnitude of cost savings more accurately. This study highlights the potential of faricimab to alleviate the treatment burden and provide a more sustainable healthcare option for nAMD in New Zealand, especially in cases of recalcitrant nAMD, if used in a tailored and patient-specific manner alongside the existing armamentarium of treatments.
Implementation of the Medicinal Cannabis Scheme in New Zealand: six emerging trends
Authors: Rychert Marta , Wilkins Chris
Published: October 2024

aim: To evaluate the implementation of the New Zealand Medicinal Cannabis Scheme (MCS), including how products, prices, prescribing and patient access have evolved since 2020. method: Analysis of administrative data obtained via Official Information Act (OIA) requests and publicly available information on products and prices. results: Six emerging trends were identified: 1) quarterly supply of medicinal cannabis products has increased fourteenfold since the implementation of the Scheme in early 2020, 2) most products are now THC-dominant rather than CBD, 3) most products are in the form of dried cannabis flower rather than oral liquids/oils, 4) prices of products have declined to be comparable to the illegal market, 5) specialised private cannabis clinics have expanded patient access, and 6) inequities persist due to expense, and disproportionately affect Māori and those on lower incomes. conclusions: The New Zealand MCS successfully established a domestic medicinal cannabis production sector, reduced prices and expanded the range of products to provide alternatives to illegal supply. It has also inadvertently created the conditions for the emergence of specialised cannabis clinics that have enhanced access. However, the increasing supply of THC-dominant and flower products, and the privatisation of prescribing via cannabis clinics, may have unintended negative consequences.
A política institucional universitária para a promoção da diversidade sexual e de gênero
Authors: Silva Fernando Soares da , Souza Kellcia Rezende , Furlan Cassia Cristina
Published: October 2024

Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo compreender como a Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados (UFGD) aborda a diversidade de gênero e sexual sob a perspectiva LBTQIAP+, por meio de seus documentos institucionais no período de 2015 a 2023. Para isso, utilizou-se um percurso metodológico amparado na abordagem qualitativa, com o desenvolvimento de pesquisa bibliográfica e documental. A pesquisa resultou na análise de 10 documentos e resoluções que tratam do uso do nome social, da criação e regulamentação do Núcleo de Estudos de Diversidade de Gênero e Sexual (NEDGS), da regulamentação de programas de assistência e permanência, além de iniciativas de ingresso nos cursos de graduação. Verificou-se que, apesar dos avanços, a UFGD ainda apresenta limitações na institucionalização de políticas voltadas para a promoção da diversidade de gênero e sexual.
STUDYING THE EFFECT OF USING OLIVE OIL AGAINST MICROBES THAT CAUSE SKIN INFECTIONS
Authors:   1Assist. Prof. PhD, Department of Commodity Evaluation and Service Performance, Market Research and Consumer Protection Center, University of Baghdad. Baghdad, Iraq/ alia.sadon@yahoo.com, Abdul-Razaq1 Aliaa Saadoon , Al-Bayti2 Yehya Kamal ,   2professor PhD, Department of chemistry ,Collage of Science, University of Baghdad. Baghdad, Iraq/ yahyaalbayti@yahoo.com, Hussien3 , Huda Jaber ,   3Lecturer PhD, Department of Commodity Evaluation and Service Performance, Market Research and Consumer Protection Center, University of Baghdad. Baghdad, Iraq/ hudajaber@mracpc.uobaghdad.edu.iq
Published: October 2024

Modern nutritional sciences look at the fruits of olives and Olive oil as essential products for human life due to the richness of its fruits in basic compounds such as oil, proteins, carbohydrates, mineral salts and some other vitamins, which Iraqi tables are almost devoid of as a consumable material, either in the form of green or black olives or their oil, hence the idea This study aimed at evaluating some types of commercial olive oil samples extracted from olive fruits as a biomaterial against some types of microorganisms represented by Gram-negative Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Pseu aeruginosa) and Staphylococcus aureus (Staph aureus) as Gram-positive. Characterized at the level (P≤0.01) for the concentrations of the oil extract (25, 50 and 100)% used in the study on both types of target bacteria in the study, and thus the possibility of using this extract, which has proven its inhibitory effectiveness as an antidote against some types of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria.
BİR TEKKE BİYOGRAFİSİ: GÜLŞEN-İ AZÎZ
Authors: Güzel Bilal
Published: October 2024

Anadolu sahası Türk edebiyatında ilk biyografik eser XVI. yüzyılın ilk çeyreğinde yazılmıştır. Lâmiî Çelebi’nin Nefahatü’l-Üns ismiyle kaleme aldığı bu eser, sufi biyografilerini içerir. Daha sonra başta şuara tezkireleri, ulema biyografileri olmak üzere biyografik eserler çeşitlilik kazanır ve takip eden yüzyıllar içerisinde tematik ve bölgesel biyografik eserlerin sayısında artış gözlemlenir. Bu makalenin konusunu teşkil eden Abdüllatîf Fazlî (ö.?)’nin Gülşen-i Azîz adlı çalışması tematik biyografik eser geleneğinin bir parçasıdır. Eserde, Halveti şeyhi Nureddîn Cerrâhî’ye mensup kişilerden ileri gelenlerinin tekkeleri, zaviyeleri ve önemli şeyhlerin biyografileri bulunmaktadır. Gülşen-i Azîz’de tertip yöntemi olarak Cerrâhî Tekkesi merkeze alınır ve burada şeyhlik yapan önemli kişilerin biyografilerine yer verilir. Eserde on altı kişiye ait biyografi vardır. Biyografilerine yer verilen şahısların ölümleri üzerine yazılan manzum tarihler eserde yer alır. Bu çalışma, Gülşen-i Azîz’in eldeki tek metni olan Ali Emiri Efendi Millet Kütüphanesi Şeriyye 1099 numarada kayıtlı nüshanın çeviri yazısını ve bunun üzerinde yapılan incelemeyi içermektedir.
Estimación de la Curva de Kuznets Ambiental para México 1974-2020
Authors: Pérez Juárez Maricela
Published: October 2024

El presente artículo tiene como objetivo principal realizar una validación actual de la Curva Ambiental de Kuznets (CAK) en la economía mexicana. Se utilizan datos anuales agregados entre 1973 y 2020 para realizar la validación empírica de la relación cuadrática de largo plazo (forma de ‘U’ invertida) entre los niveles de contaminación y el crecimiento económico. La metodología utilizada para el análisis empírico de la CAK sigue un modelo de series temporales, Rezagos Distribuidos Autorregresivos (ARDL), que captura las relaciones de corto y largo plazo entre ambas variables. Los resultados encuentran que la CAK se cumple para el periodo bajo análisis, así como un efecto positivo de largo plazo de las inversiones extranjeras directas en la emisión de CO2.
Desigualdad de género en el esquema laboral: Dificultad en el acceso a pensiones para las mujeres de Pachuca de Soto
Authors: Alarcon Garcia Rene Antonio , Ortega Hernández Jose Lucio , Lagos Eulogio Julieta
Published: October 2024

En México, a partir de 1943 surgieron las pensiones con la creación del IMSS, teniendo dos reestructuraciones importantes en 1973 y 1997, en esta última dando la obligación a cada trabajador de sus aportes, siendo responsabilidad propia el monto acumulado, para ser operado por Administradoras de Fondos para el Retiro (AFORES).
Las AFORES establecen igualdad entre hombres y mujeres para tener acceso a una pensión.
Infortunadamente el modelo de pensiones actual no considera la situación de vida la mayoría de las mujeres; esto dificulta que puedan acceder a las oportunidades que ofrece el mercado laboral mexicano para gozar de un ingreso digno y suficiente para su etapa de vejez, las condiciones son poco flexibles para ellas, lo que les hace difícil cumplir con los requisitos de semanas requeridas. Además, las responsabilidades domésticas, de las que se encargan la mayoría de mujeres, reducen el tiempo que podría dedicar al trabajo remunerado; por otro lado, es crucial considerar la repercusión de obtener salarios menores que su contraparte masculina, esta disparidad salarial afecta de manera significativa la capacidad de acumular fondos para su vejez.
Se presenta este estudio con un método cuantitativo, en un enfoque de corte holístico destacando la interconexión de varios aspectos de un sistema considerando las variables de edad, horas ocupadas, salarios percibidos, educación para conocer en su totalidad en qué medida influye todas las variables que repercuten en la obtención de una pensión para las mujeres.
A RANDOMIZED, OPEN LABELLED, CONTROLLED EQUIVALENCE PILOT DRUG TRIAL TO EVALUATE EFFECT OF POLYHERBAL FORMULATIONS, EFFICACY AND SAFETY OF MODIFIED PANCHAKARMA TREATMENT PLAN OBETOX IN PATIENTS WITH OBESITY (MEDOROG).
Authors: Naram Smita , Mahajan Deepak , Parekh Hemang
Published: October 2024

A chronic complex diseases with excessive fat deposition is called as Obesity. It an lead to many metabolic disease like Type II diabetes, heart diseases, thyroid, hypertension, increased bloos cholesterol level, liver disease, sleep apnoea and certain cancers. It can lead to increase the risk of co morbid conditions specially heart diseases. Weight loss can improve or prevent many health issues related to Obesity. Ayurveda says that Obesity is Vikrita Vriddhi (Abnormal increase) of Medodhatu (Fatty Tissue).Aims and Objective- This study was planned to evaluate the efficacy of Ayurvedic treatment Tab Mednil, Tab Suhruday & Obetox Treatment Plan in the treatment of Obesity (Medorog) and to assess the change in various biochemical markers.Method- This is a proof-of-concept study in which a sample size of 60 participants (30 in each group) was considered sufficient to achieve the study objectives. Participants were randomly assigned to two groups according to a computer-generated randomization list.Results- The results show that participants observed a lighter body image, more energy and enthusiasm, and a reduction in obesity-related complications, in terms of weight, H/W ratio, BMI and lipid profile.Conclusion- Obetox protocol along with herbal remedies gives significant results in the Obesity.
ROLE OF MEDIATION IN FACILITATING ACCESS TO JUSTICE IN ITS TRUE ESSENCE: A CRITICAL ANALYSIS
Authors: Maurya Suraj Kumar , Mishra Ashutosh , Kharat Madhuri , Acharya Ashutosh , Sonawane Ajay , Shukla Shruti
Published: October 2024

The concept of justice is not novel, and so is Mediation. Since the inception of human interactions, disagreements and disputes have been a part of living. When Indian legal System was being formed, it was designed following the adversarial system that seem to favour the strong party and follow the already written law points with little or no room for creative solutions. Also, there are several provisions and arrangements made to extend the access of legal corridors to the underprivileged and left out segments of the society; but this does not ensure that justice has been realised in its true essence. Mere access to legal means, is not access to justice too. This is where Mediation as a means of alternative dispute resolution steps in and creates a comfortable, private, inexpensive and self- determined environment for both the parties at dispute. This paper examines what is true justice and what our constitution makers had in mind in relation to notion of justice when they attempted to give us the related rights. Justifying the stance with real life scenarios and cases, the paper also elucidates how Mediation can help parties achieve justice in its real sense and not just literal or technical.
HEALTHCARE ON WHEELS: SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC OUTCOMES OF THE MOBILE DISPENSARY INITIATIVE BY TATA POWER DDL
Authors: Kumar Vikramendra
Published: October 2024

This paper focuses on the social and economic impacts of Mobile Dispensary Initiative of Tata Power DDL in the JJ colony of North and West Delhi. Using an ethnographic research approach, based on their perceptions of the mobile health care services. The results show positive changes in health literacy concerning the availability of primary healthcare services to disenfranchised populations. Participants expressed the fact that they were experiencing low healthcare bills as well as the efficient delivery of services therefore the key role of the initiative to the improvement of economic stability was evident. Also, quantitative data collected through interviews, surveys, and direct observations gave a more social aspect of the social relations and community mobilization supported by the mobile dispensaries. This study emphasizes the need to come up with new solutions to some of the health issues affecting the urban dwellers and supports the incorporation of corporate social responsibility programs into the public health framework. Finally, the research provides policy implications for the extension of mobile health service and the exploration of the effects on the well-being of a community.
नाथ संप्रदाय का राजनीतिक विश्लेषण
Authors: Baghel Sarwan Singh , Meena Ritu Singh
Published: October 2024

नाथ हिंदू धर्म का संप्रदाय है। हिन्दू धर्म में कई संप्रदाय हैं। नाथ सम्प्रदाय में आज त्यागी तपस्वियों और गृहस्थ जाति का एक समूह शामिल है, जो दोनों अपनी वंशावली नौ नाथ गुरुओं के एक समूह से जोड़ते हैं, जिनका नेतृत्व आदिनाथ ("प्रथम नाथ") करते हैं, जिनकी पहचान भगवान शिव से की जाती है। नौ नाथों की अधिकांश सूचियों में अगला नाम मत्स्येन्द्रनाथ का आता है, उसके बाद गोरक्षनाथ (गोरखनाथ) का नाम आता है, जिनके बारे में कहा जाता है कि उन्होंने तपस्वियों के नाथ संप्रदाय की स्थापना की थी। यह लेख गोरखपुर शहर, उत्तर प्रदेश और पूरे देश में फैले नाथ संप्रदाय पर आधारित है। इसका उद्देश्य अंतर्विरोधी, राजनीतिक उथल-पुथल, आर्थिक पैमाने और सामाजिक निर्माण के सिद्धांतों और स्वागतों को लघु रूप में प्रस्तुत करना है, जो 'राष्ट्रीय आंदोलन' और 'राष्ट्रीय व्यक्तिगत' के लिए महत्वपूर्ण भूमिका निभाते हैं। यह लेख उत्तर प्रदेश के वर्तमान मुख्यमंत्री, आदित्यनाथ योगी पर ध्यान केंद्रित करता है, और नाथ योगियों के शैव संप्रदाय के सदस्य के रूप में उनकी पृष्ठभूमि के साथ उनकी राजनीतिक कार्यकुशलता का अध्ययन करने का प्रयास करता है।
WATER SECURITY THROUGH CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY: A CASE STUDY OF RO WATER PLANTS BY TATA POWER DDL
Authors: Kumar Vikramendra
Published: October 2024

Water security is one of the most pressing issues in urban India especially for the poor. The purpose of this research is to examine the CSR approach to water security focusing on Tata Power DDL’s RO Water Plants in North and North-West Delhi. In this research, I follow the ethnographic method to analyze the effects of Tata Power DDL’s CSR program on JJ colonies’ access to clean drinking water for the targeted beneficiaries. Questionnaires, interviews, and observation were used to measure the social, economic and environmental impacts of the initiative. According to the result, there were changes in health, hygiene, and satisfactions of the community because of safe drinking water source. However, the following was noted as comprising the challenges that CfPTs face: technological barriers; and difficulty in engaging with the community. The study also underlines the significance of public private partnership in water security and provides an insight into how such other CSR programs could be expanded. The study offers important information about the role of CSR in supporting sustainable development and water management in large cities.
PSYCHOLOGICAL WELL-BEING BETWEEN WORKING AND NON-WORKING WOMEN OF MUZAFFARPUR DISTRICT IN BIHAR
Authors: Chandra Nidhi , Ram Jamuna , Sinha Abha Rani
Published: October 2024

The objectives of this study are to understand the present level of psychological well-being and to examine the difference in psychological well-being and its six dimensions between working and non-working women of Muzaffarpur district of Bihar. Data is collected from 50 working and 50 non-working women using well-designed questionnaire. Convenient sampling technique is used for data collection. Hypothesis testing research design is in this study. Data analysis is done with SPSS 21. One sample t-test is used for present level and results reported that psychological well-being and it five dimensions – Autonomy, Environmental mastery, Personal Growth, Positive Relations and Self-acceptance; are significantly above average among women of Muzaffarpur district of Bihar while significant above average is not reported in case of Purpose in life between working and non-working women of Muzaffarpur district in Bihar. Independent sample t-test is used for analyzing difference in psychological well-being and its dimensions and results reported that psychological well-being, personal growth, positive relations and self-acceptance are higher in working women while autonomy, environmental mastery and purpose in life are higher in non-working women of Muzaffarpur district in Bihar.
PLANARITY AND ITS APPLICATIONS: INVESTIGATING THE BOUNDARIES OF GRAPH EMBEDDINGS
Authors: Warad Nanda S , Begum Faimida
Published: October 2024

Graph theory plays a critical role in numerous applications, particularly in understanding and analyzing the structural properties of networks. This paper focuses on the concept of planarity in graph theory, exploring how certain graphs can be embedded in a plane without edge crossings. The study investigates the criteria that determine graph planarity, including Kuratowski's and Wagner's theorems, and examines the implications of these concepts in various fields such as network design, circuit layout, and geography. Additionally, the paper delves into advanced techniques for testing planarity and embedding graphs in surfaces with higher genus, thus pushing the boundaries of how graph embeddings can be utilized in both theoretical and practical contexts. Through an in-depth analysis of graph embedding algorithms, real-world applications are discussed to highlight the importance of planarity in optimizing spatial layouts and reducing complexity in network structures. The results of this research demonstrate the vast potential of planar graphs in solving complex problems efficiently.
Pengelolaan Pemupukan Kelapa Sawit (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) di Kebun Aek Nabara, Sumatera Utara
Authors: Sinaga Falencia , Sopandie Didy , Santosa Edi
Published: October 2024

Pengelolaan pemupukan pada kelapa sawit (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) diperlukan untuk mempertahankan dan meningkatkan produksi. Penelitian berlangsung pada bulan Januari hingga Mei 2021 di kebun Aek Nabara. Penelitian bertujuan menganalisis dan mengevaluasi pengelolaan pemupukan yang mencakup efisiensi dan efektivitas pemupukan. Pengamatan dan pengumpulan data yang dilakukan yaitu dengan metode langsung (data primer) yaitu pengamatan 5T (tepat jenis, dosis, cara, waktu dan tempat), pengelolaan distribusi pupuk dan kehilangan pupuk dan metode tidak langsung (data sekunder). Hasil pengamatan menunjukkan bahwa aplikasi pemupukan di afdeling IV telah sesuai dengan rekomendasi Departemen Penelitian dan Pengembangan. Jenis pupuk yang diaplikasikan, yaitu pupuk AC, RP, MOP, Borat, Dolomit, dan Janjangan kosong. Ketepatan cara aplikasi MOP mencapai 92.78%, yang dikategorikan sangat baik berdasarkan standar kebun. Rata-rata ketepatan lokasi aplikasi pupuk adalah 55.69 cm, sesuai dengan standar kebun (50-100 cm) untuk tanaman menghasilkan <8 tahun. Namun, ketepatan dosis aplikasi MOP hanya mencapai 80.56%, masih di bawah standar kebun yaitu sebesar 92%. Pengawasan dan perencanaan dalam proses pemupukan masih perlu ditingkatkan, khususnya dalam hal dosis pupuk, untuk menghasilkan pemupukan yang optimal.
Kata kunci : efisiensi, efektivitas, kehilangan pupuk, ketepatan pemupukan
Pengaruh Kombinasi Media dan Lebar Keratan terhadap Pertumbuhan Cangkok Jeruk Pamelo (Citrus maxima (Burm.) Merr.)
Authors: Widyaswara Muhammad Heraldi Garda , Susanto Slamet , Matra Deden Derajat
Published: October 2024

Pamelo (Citrus maxima (Burm.) Merr.) merupakan buah yang banyak dibudidayakan di kawasan Asia, termasuk Indonesia. Perbanyakan pamelo lebih efektif dilakukan secara vegetatif karena memiliki keunggulan pada sifat anakan yang serupa dengan induknya. Cangkok merupakan salah satu cara perbanyakan vegetatif yang banyak digunakan karena memiliki keberhasilan berakar yang tinggi pada tanaman berkayu. Penelitian bertujuan mengevaluasi efek media dan lebar keratan terhadap keberhasilan cangkok pamelo. Penelitian dilakukan di Kebun Percobaan Cikabayan, Institut Pertanian Bogor, pada bulan April hingga November 2021. Percobaan dilakukan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) faktor tunggal terdiri atas sembilan perlakuan kombinasi. Perlakuan yang digunakan adalah jenis media (pupuk kandang dan tanah (1:1), arang sekam dam serbuk sabut kelapa (1:1), dan sphagnum moss dan tanah (1:1)), masing-masing dikombinasikan dengan lebar keratan (3 cm, 6 cm, dan 9 cm), menghasilkan 9 kombinasi perlakuan. Hasil percobaan menunjukkan kombinasi perlakuan media dan lebar keratan berpengaruh nyata terhadap keberhasilan cangkok. Kombinasi perlakuan media arang sekam dan cocopeat (1) dan lebar keratan 3 cm merupakan kombinasi perlakuan dengan persentase keberhasilan cangkok paling tinggi dan memiliki rata-rata jumlah akar paling banyak dibandingkan kombinasi perlakuan lainnya.
Kata kunci: cocopeat, sphagnum moss, perbanyakan vegetatif, jumlah akar, panjang akar
Manajemen Pemanenan Kelapa Sawit (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) di Labuhanbatu, Sumatera Utara
Authors: Idiatsyah Rully Amelia , Ahmad Junaedi  , Sudradjat
Published: October 2024

Panen merupakan salah satu kegiatan yang penting pada pengelolaan tanaman kelapa sawit. Keberhasilan panen dicapai dengan menghasilkan produktivitas tandan buah yang tinggi dengan kandungan rendemen minyak yang tinggi serta kandungan asam lemak bebas (ALB) yang rendah sehingga manajemen panen harus dilaksanakan secara optimal. Penelitian bertujuan mengevaluasi perencanaan panen, pelaksanaan panen, dan evaluasi panen. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Labuhanbatu, Sumatera Utara dari bulan Januari hingga Mei 2022. Data hasil pengamatan dianalisis menggunakan rata-rata, persentase, dan uji komparatif (t-student) pada taraf 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan rotasi panen terpanjang mencapai 13 hari, sedangkan standar kebun adalah 10 hari. Penggunaan alat pelindung diri (APD) tergolong cukup baik walaupun terdapat beberapa pemanen yang tidak menggunakan helm dan face shield. Kapasitas panen terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan karena pekerja memperoleh basis upah harian yang ditetapkan. Rata-rata AKP sebesar 20.18% dan rata-rata varian sebesar 2.41%. Kebutuhan tenaga panen ideal dengan diperoleh taksasi sebesar 15.61 dan realisasi sebesar 14.20. Transportasi panen relatif singkat dengan rata-rata waktu yang ditempuh 12.13 menit, rata-rata jarak 2.16 km, dan rata-rata kecepatan 10.88 km per jam. Persentase mutu buah sesuai dengan standar kebun dengan tidak ada buah mentah, buah matang 96.74%, buah terlalu matang 2.55%, dan buah busuk 1.71%. Kehilangan hasil di lapangan sebesar 1.88 butir per pokok. Penerapan sistem evaluasi, denda, dan premi panen dilakukan untuk menjaga tercapainya basis dan kualitas panen.
Kata kunci: kehilangan hasil, kriteria matang panen, rotasi panen, tenaga panen
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN BIOCHEMICAL INDICATORS AND PHENOTYPICAL FEATURES OF GARDEN SAVORY (Satureja hortensis L.)
Authors: Malankina E. , Solopov S. , Romanova N.
Published: October 2024

Relevance. Garden savory (Satureja hortensis L.) is an annual medicinal plant of interest due to the content of essential oil and phenolic compounds, the content of which varies depending on the variety. Identification of the relationship between morphological and biochemical traits will make the se-lection of productive plants more effective and accelerated. The purpose of the study is to identify the phenotypic characteristics of garden savory plants, indicating a high content of certain pharmacologically significant compounds or their groups. Materials and methods. The 9 samples of garden savory served as the object of the study. The content of essential oil was determined in dry raw materials by hydrodistillation according to Clevenger, the component composition was determined by gas chromatography. The flavonoid content was determined in terms of rutin was carried out in terms of rutin, the amount of phenolic compounds and tannins in terms of gallic acid. Results: Early maturing varieties are characterized by a high content of essential oil (r = 0.685) with a low content of tannins (r = –0.69). There was a relationship between the leaf index and the content of tannins (r = 0.620), with the accumulation of flavonoids (r = –0.522), with the content of γ-terpinene in the essential oil (r = 0.77) and of carvacrol (r = –0.76). The presence of anthocyanin coloration is interconnected with the content of essential oil (r = –0.688) and content of carvacrol in it (r = –0.53), with the content of the sum of flavonoids (r = 0.598), gamma terpinene (r =0.541) and tannins (r = 0.7). Conclusion. The identified phenotypic features of garden savory plants indicate a high content of certain pharmacologically significant compounds or their groups. Thus, is shown the selecting possibility of prospective plants according to external features.
X-RAY FLUORESCENCE DETERMINATION OF SILVER IN COLLOIDAL SOLUTIONS
Authors: Kolyabina E. , Maksimova T. , Pleteneva T. , Syroeshkin A.
Published: October 2024

Objective. To develop the basics of technology for X-ray fluorescence determination of silver in colloidal solutions. Relevance. Silver preparations are interesting as an alternative to antibiotics. Сurrently on the pharmaceutical market there is a large number of silver-containing colloidal dietary supplements, 70% of which contain silver in ionic form. The energy dispersive method of X-ray fluorescence analysis is an express method without long-term sample preparation. Materials and methods. Silver proteinate (8% Ag), Sigma-Aldrich; ProtargolLor (P.J.S.C. “Pharmstandard”, Kursk); Sialor (J.S.C. RENEWAL®); Argitos colloidal silver (“Nanosphere”, Russia), Argent Colloidal (Nutri expert, France). Dual Laser Light Scattering 2D-DLS (Zetasizer Malvern). Energy dispersive spectrometer Shimadzu EDX-7000 (Japan); OriginLab Corporation, USA. Results. The technology of the X-ray fluorescence determination of silver in colloidal solutions from various companies was described in this paper. The present study has exploited the energy dispersive spectrometer Shimadzu EDX-7000 (Japan). The fluorescence intensity at AgKα = 22.105 keV depends linearly on the silver concentration in the range of 0.01% - 1% according to the equation I = (5.1 ± 0.1) · СAg for silver nitrate and I = (1.64 ± 0.03) · CAg for silver proteinate, which is due to the effect of the organic matrix. Conclusion. The new XRF method was applied for quality control of protargol and other Ag-containing drugs and parapharmaceuticals.
CHARACTERISTICS OF THE AMINO ACID PROFILE OF BLOOD PLASMA IN PSORIASIS
Authors: Kupriyanov S. , Shatrova Yu. , Sysakov D. , Fedorova K. , Myakotina D. , Kholina A. , Sinitsky A.
Published: October 2024

Introduction. Psoriasis is an autoimmune disease that affects the skin, has a number of systemic manifestations and is associated with the devel-opment of a number of somatic pathologies. It is known that one of the systemic features of psoriasis is changes in the blood plasma amino acid pool, but the pathogenetic significance of this fact has not yet been determined. The purpose of this work was to study the amino acid profile of blood plasma in psoriasis and its relationship with biochemical markers of lipid and purine metabolism. Materials and methods. The study group included 45 patients with psoriasis vulgaris. The comparison group included 46 donors of the Chelyabinsk Regional Blood Transfusion Station. The concentrations of 20 proteinogenic amino acids, as well as ornithine and citrulline, were determined. Results. Recorded changes demonstrating the rearrangement of relationships between the concentrations of circulating amino acids in psoriasis; cor-relations of amino acid levels with a number of clinical diagnostic biochemical markers in the group of patients with psoriasis were determined. A sig-nificant increase in the levels of cysteine, phenylalanine and leucine was found in psoriasis compared with the corresponding indicators of the compar-ison group. Cysteine concentrations positively correlated with uric acid levels. Elevated levels of cysteine and leucine have been associated with disor-ders of purine and lipid metabolism. Conclusions. The data obtained indicate changes in the amino acid profile in psoriasis, some of which may be associated with the development of comorbid metabolic pathologies.
PHYTO-STIMULATING EFFECTS OF PARACETAMOL BIODESTRUCTION PRODUCT ON URTICA DIOICA
Authors: Vikhareva E. , Slabinskaya E. , Mishenina I. , Rubzov D. , Rychkova M.
Published: October 2024

Relevance. The search for environmentally friendly methods of processing pharmaceutical waste to obtain new biologically active compounds on their basis, including phytostimulating action, is especially relevant in recent years due to global pharmaceutical pollution of water bodies in many countries. The results of previous studies have shown that the product of bacterial degradation of paracetamol exhibits pronounced phytostimulating properties in relation to medicinal plants of Plantaginaceae, Asteraceae, Linaceae, Lamiaceae and other families. The purpose of this study is to study the effect of PBP on morphometric parameters, dry biomass and the content of biologically active substanc-es in the leaves of stinging nettle (Urtica dioica L.), a medicinal plant of the family. nettles (Urticaceae). Material and methods. We used bacterial degradation of paracetamol obtained on the basis of the Laboratory of Alkanotrophic Microorganisms, PFRC, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences (Perm). Stinging nettle leaves collected from plants treated with bacterial degradation of paracetamol were used to determine the biomass by gravimetric method, morphometric parameters, as well as the content of the total free organic acids, hy-droxycinnamic acids and ascorbic acid by titrimetric analysis and spectrophotometry. Water and alcohol extracts from medicinal plant materials were obtained according to the method of the Global Fund XIV ed. Results. Under the influence of bacterial degradation of paracetamol, the morphometric parameters – the length and width of the nettle leaves in-crease by 115 % and 66 %, respectively, the total collection of leaf biomass increases by 40 % compared to the control (water). The increase in the content of the total free organic acids under the influence of bacterial degradation of paracetamol is 18.5%, hydroxycinnamic acids – 6.8%, ascorbic acid – 12.5%. Conclusion. The product of bacterial degradation of paracetamol has a obvious phytostimulating effect on stinging nettle. Conflict of interests. The authors declare the absence of obvious and potential conflicts of interest related to the publication of this article. Contribution of authors. E.V. Vikhareva– planning an experiment, writing an article; E.V. Slabinskaya, I.I. Mishenina, D.F. Rubtsov– conducting field and laboratory experiments, processing the results; M.I. Rychkova– obtaining a biodegradation product of paracetamol. Source of funding. The researches were carried out using the equipment of the Regional Profiled collection of alkanotrophic Microorganisms CCP Perm Federal Research Center of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences according to the state task AAAA19-119112290008-4 and with the financial support of the Perm Scientific and Educational Center "Rational Subsoil Use", 2022.
PKM ALAT PENARIK RUMPUT LAUT DAN PEMBERDAYAAN MELALUI DIVERSIFKASI PRODUK OLAHAN RUMPUT LAUT PADA KELOMPOK KARYA BERSAMA MAMPIE POLEWALI MANDAR
Authors: Arifin Asia , Ilham Ilham , Ali Baso , Rosman N Andi
Published: October 2024

Masyarakat Desa Galeso di Kabupaten Polewali Mandar bergantung pada budidaya rumput laut sebagai sumber utama penghasilan. Namun, terdapat beberapa kendala seperti waktu pemindahan rumput laut yang lama dan terbatasnya pengetahuan tentang pengolahan rumput laut menjadi produk bernilai tinggi. Tujuan dari kegiatan Pengabdian Kemitraan Masyarakat (PKM) ini adalah untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan dan keterampilan mitra dalam menggunakan teknologi alat penarik rumput laut berbasis mekanis dan pengolahan rumput laut menjadi produk bernilai tinggi. Metode yang digunakan meliputi analisis situasi, penyuluhan, pelatihan dan pendampingan, serta evaluasi. Kegiatan dilaksanakan melalui ceramah, tanya jawab, dan praktik langsung oleh peserta. Pretest dan posttest digunakan untuk mengukur peningkatan pengetahuan dan keterampilan peserta. Hasil kegiatan menunjukkan peningkatan signifikan pada pengetahuan dan keterampilan peserta dalam menggunakan teknologi dan mengolah rumput laut. Hal ini tercermin dari peningkatan nilai posttest peserta sebesar 79,80% dibandingkan dengan pretest. Peserta juga menunjukkan kepuasan tinggi terhadap pelaksanaan pelatihan. Kegiatan PKM berhasil mencapai tujuan dengan meningkatkan kemampuan dan pengetahuan mitra, yang diharapkan dapat meningkatkan keberlanjutan usaha budidaya rumput laut di Desa Galeso dan sekitarnya.
Identifikasi Karakter Beberapa Genotipe Mutan Padi Beras Merah (Oryza sativa L.) Inpago Unram 1
Authors: Zumratul Jamila  , Ni Wayan Sri Suliartini  , A. Farid Hemon
Published: October 2024

Keragaman yang tinggi dibutuhkan untuk program pemuliaan sebagai bahan dasar seleksi untuk karakter yang diinginkan. Identifikasi karakter pada tanaman perlu dilakukan untuk mengetahui deskripsi atau karakter pada setiap tanaman. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui penampilan karakter beberapa genotipe mutan padi beras merah Inpago Unram 1. Penelitian ini telah dilakukan pada bulan April sampai dengan bulan November 2022 di Desa Saribaye, Kecamatan Lingsar, Kabupaten Lombok Barat Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Barat, menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dengan 7 perlakuan yang diuji (5 genotipe mutan (M2) dan 2 kontrol yaitu Inpago Unram 1 dan Situ Patenggang). Hasil penelitian diperoleh bahwa beberapa genotipe yang telah diuji memiliki karakter yang berbeda beda. Genotipe G2 (D3G22-14) unggul pada karakter tinggi tanaman, Inpago Unram 1 unggul pada karakter jumlah anakan produktif, genotipe G1 (D3G3-1) unggul pada karakter panjang malai dan berat gabah berisi per rumpun, Situ Patenggang unggul pada karakter jumlah gabah berisi per malai, genotipe G3 (D3G17-2) unggul pada karakter jumlah gabah hampa per malai, dan genotipe G5 (D3G38-5) unggul pada karakter berat 100 butir dan berat gabah hampa per rumpun. Selain itu diketahui beberapa genotipe memiliki karakter lebih baik dari pembandingnya Inpago Unram 1 dan Situ Patenggang.
Pertumbuhan Dan Hasil Dua Varietas Cabai Merah (Capsicum annum L.) Di Lahan Kering Yang Ditumpangsarikan dengan Tanaman Kacang Tanah Pada Waktu Tanam Berbeda
Authors: Marlina  , I Komang Damar Jaya  , Jayaputra
Published: October 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh waktu tanam kacang tanah di antara barisan dua varietas tanaman cabai pada sistem tumpangsari terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman cabai merah (Capsicum annum L.) di lahan kering. Penelitian eksperimental dilaksanakan di lahan kering dusun Amor-amor desa Gumantar kecamatan Kayangan, Kabupaten Lombok Utara dari bulan Maret sampai Agustus 2023. Waktu tanaman kacang tanah yang diuji adalah bersamaan, dua minggu dan empat minggu setelah tanam (MST) cabai. Sementara dua varietas tanaman cabai yang diuji adalah varietas hibrida Baja MC F1 dan varietas lokal Landung. Perlakuan ditata secara faktorial menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok dengan tiga ulangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tidak ada interaksi antara waktu tanam dengan varietas. Pertumbuhan tanaman cabai tidak dipengaruhi oleh varietas namun hasil varietas Landung lebih tinggi dari varietas Baja CM F1. Waktu tanam kacang tanah di antara tanaman cabai yang menghasilkan hasil cabai tertinggi adalah 4 MST. Untuk mendapatkan hasil cabai yang tinggi di lahan kering, disarankan untuk melakukan tumpangsari dengan kacang tanah dengan waktu tanam 4 MST tanaman cabai.