bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Outcomes of Vascular Access Care and Surgery Managed by Interventional Nephrologists: A Twelve-Year Experience
Authors: Fumagalli Giordano , De Pietro Stefano , Migliori Massimiliano , Ferrandello Francesco Paolo , Trovato Fabio , Donadio Carlo , Panichi Vincenzo
Published: May 2016

Background: Optimizing vascular access outcomes is still a challenge, since 30-60% of arteriovenous fistulas fail or do not mature and catheters are widely used in contemporary patients. Methods: This study reports on strategies and outcomes in a single center in which access planning, surgery and maintenance are managed by a team of nephrologists. We retrospectively analyzed 305 fistulas and 61 grafts created in 270 consecutive patients between 2002 and 2013. Results: The percentage of patients receiving a fistula or graft who initiated hemodialysis with a mature access was 68.6%. Among prevalent patients, 71.7% used a fistula, 15.7% a graft and 12.6% a catheter. Rates of primary failure and revision before cannulation were 14.4 and 1.6% for fistulas vs. 4.9 and 3.3% for grafts. After maturation, complications (1.040 vs. 0.188 per patient-year (py)) and interventions (0.743 vs. 0.066 per py) were greater for grafts than for fistulas (p < 0.001). Secondary patency did not significantly differ between grafts and fistulas (median survival 34.8 vs. 57.3 months, p = 0.36), unless primary failures were excluded from Kaplan-Meier analysis (median survival 34.9 vs. 70.9 months, p = 0.03). Conclusions: High fistula prevalence, low access-related morbidity and catheter dependence were achieved using individualized strategies, including mid-forearm or perforating vein fistula creation and selective graft placement in high risk patients. Direct involvement of nephrologists throughout all steps of access care can improve access outcomes, by promoting a patient-centered approach.
A Rare Reason of Hyperinsulinism: Munchausen Syndrome by Proxy
Authors: Akın Onur , Yeşilkaya Ediz , Sari Erkan , Akar Çağdaş , Başbozkurt Gökalp , Macit Enis , Aydin Ibrahim , Taşlipinar Abdullah , Gül Hüsamettin
Published: May 2016

Hyperinsulinism, one of the most important causes of hypoglycaemia, can be congenital or acquired. Rarely, drug toxicity can be a reason for hyperinsulinism. In the context of Munchausen syndrome by proxy (MSP), toxicity usually occurs in children due to drug administration by a parent or caregiver. A 7-year-old girl was referred to our department due to a hyperglycaemic period and hypoglycaemic episodes. On admission, gliclazide was initiated due to her hyperglycaemia, which we attributed to maturity onset diabetes of the young. However, during follow-up, hypoglycaemic levels were detected. Despite cessation of gliclazide, hypoglycaemic seizures occurred. Even with the medications administered, hypoglycaemia could not be prevented. During follow-up, the mother's affect, characterized by anxiety and interest in her daughter's medical care, appeared discordant with the situation. Due to our suspicion of MSP, we discovered toxic levels of gliclazide in the blood and urine samples which had been sent to the toxicology laboratory to search for hypoglycaemic agents. The patient was isolated, and all medications were stopped. After isolation, her hypoglycaemia disappeared, and she became hyperglycaemic (250 mg/dl). Physicians should consider the possibility of MSP in hyperinsulinaemic patients with discordant laboratory results and clinical symptoms, even if the child's parents display great concern.
Spiritual Ways, Spiritual Faculties
Authors: Gábor Csilla
Published: May 2016

This article investigates meditations (both Catholic and Protestant) that are considered relevant textual representations of the devotional culture in the Early Modern Age. Studying the reception and use of patristic and mediaeval texts of devotional character in the early modern period, the article states that a close connection may be observed between early modern devotional culture on the one hand, and the patristic and mediaeval tradition on the other. Through analysis of the sources, the researcher can observe that the breach between the mediaeval church and the churches of the Reformation is much less abrupt and definitive than is often assumed. Particularly, the devotio moderna forms an important bridge between the Middle Ages and the later Baroque age.
The Mystical Body Falling Apart?
Authors: Rouwhorst Gerard
Published: May 2016

This article deals with some important changes that occurred in the ritual of the Eucharist and its theological interpretation between Late Antiquity and the twelfth and thirteenth centuries. These had been studied especially by Henri de Lubac in his book Corpus Mysticum. It is quite common – especially among liturgical historians – to present these processes in a purely negatively light and to interpret them in terms of liturgical decline and disintegration, in particular emphasizing the purported loss of the communal, ecclesial character of the Eucharist. This view has been criticized persuasively by other historians (Gary Macy; Eamon Duffy). While taking this criticism seriously, an attempt is made to sketch a differentiated picture of these developments. Making use in particular of mediaeval liturgical commentaries that have received relatively little attention in research, it is argued that the developments are illustrative of some processes which, according to Philip Sheldrake, profoundly affected the approach to spiritual life in the eleventh and twelfth centuries and attest a remarkable reconfiguration in the relations between liturgy, theology and spirituality.
Christological Discourse as Racial Discourse
Authors: Park Wongi
Published: May 2016

This article presents a critical review of two edited volumes that deal with the complex intersection of christological discourse and racial discourse. The inquiry is guided by two questions: (1) How is the critical intersection between the two constructed and conceived? (2) What are the constructive solutions and proposals that are offered in response? After an examination of each book, an overall assessment is provided that highlights the enduring significance of race in American Christianity.
First record of the family Sialidae (Megaloptera) from Thailand and description of the female and putative larva of Indosialis bannaensis
Authors: BOWLES DAVID E. , CONTRERAS-RAMOS ATILANO
Published: May 2016

Indosialis bannaensis is reported from northern Thailand marking the first record of the family, genus, and species from this country. The female and the probable larva of the species are described for the first time.
Two new species and nomenclatural changes in the Cis castaneus species group (Coleoptera, Ciidae)
Authors: KRÓLIK ROMAN
Published: May 2016

Cis hanseni A. Strand, 1965 is a junior synonym of Cis matchanus Reitter, 1915 stat. nov. The lectotype for Cis matchanus Reitter, 1915 is designated and illustrated, together with its original data labels. Two new species—Cis lasoni sp. nov. and Cis lugowoji sp. nov. from the Talysh and Alborz Mts. (Azerbaijan, Iran)—are described. The body and terminalia of males are illustrated in detail. The definition of the Cis castaneus species group is discussed.
On the Upstream Track Deflection of Tropical Cyclones Past a Mountain Range: Idealized Experiments
Authors: Huang Ching-Yuang , Chen Chien-An , Chen Shu-Hua , Nolan David S.
Published: May 2016

Upstream track deflection of a propagating cyclonic vortex past an isolated mountain range is investigated by using idealized simulations with both boundary layer turbulent mixing and cloud effects. The westbound vortex past a shorter mountain range may experience an earlier northward deflection prior to landfall. The vortex then takes a sudden southward turn as it gets closer to the mountain range, in response to the effects of the stronger northerly wind over the mountain due to the effects of channeling flow. The vortex may deflect southward when approaching a longer mountain range and then rebound northward upstream of the mountain ridge. The southward deflection is primarily induced by the convergence (stretching) effect due to the combination of the speedy core at the southwestern flank of the vortex and a northerly jet between the vortex and the mountain. The vortex then rebounds northward to pass over the mountain as the speedy core rotates counterclockwise to the eastern flank of the vortex. The track deflection near the mountain is also affected as either of both physics is deactivated.

Sensitivity experiments show that for a given steering flow and mountain height, a linear relationship exists between the maximum upstream deflection distance and the nondimensional parameter Rmw/Ly, where Rmw is the vortex size (represented by the radius of the maximum wind) and Ly is the north–south length scale of the mountain. The southward deflection distance increases with smaller Rmw/Ly and higher mountains for both weaker and stronger steering flow. When the steering-flow intensity is doubled, the southward deflection is roughly reduced by 50%.
Canadian scholarship on international relations: Unified, divided or diverse?
Authors: Saideman Stephen M.
Published: May 2016

This article examines the Canadian data collected by the Teaching, Research and International Policy project to assess the state of Canadian international relations scholarship. The focus is on the divide, mentioned but not studied in previous work, between the higher profile PhD programs (UBC, McGill, Toronto) and other Canadian universities. The results indicate that the approaches, methods, and theoretical inclinations differ less than often averred, but that the two groups do value different scholars, journals, and presses. And there is more diversity within each side than often argued, which makes the divide itself less deep. The article concludes with some implications about the possibility of a distinctively Canadian international relations.
Thoracic aortic aneurysms due to giant cell aortitis
Authors: Cheema Muhammad A , MacIver David H
Published: May 2016

We present three cases of thoracic aortic aneurysms caused by giant cell aortitis. Thoracic aortic aneurysms are common and usually related to hypertension, a bicuspid aortic valve or connective tissue diseases such as Marfan syndrome. Our report serves as a reminder that giant cell aortitis is an unusual yet very important cause of thoracic aortic aneurysm.
Lymph Node Density in Node‐Positive Laryngeal Carcinoma
Authors: Imre Abdulkadir , Pinar Ercan , Dincer Elif , Ozkul Yılmaz , Aslan Hale , Songu Murat , Tatar Bekir , Onur Irem , Ozturkcan Sedat , Aladag Ibrahim
Published: May 2016

Objective

We investigated the value of lymph node density (LND) as a predictor of survival in patients with laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and positive neck node (pN+) after laryngectomy.

Study Design

Case series with chart review.

Setting

Katip Celebi University Ataturk Training and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkey.

Subjects and Methods

We reviewed the records of 289 patients with newly diagnosed primary laryngeal carcinomas who underwent partial or total laryngectomy and combined neck dissection at a tertiary referral center between June 2006 and December 2014. Patients with pN+ laryngeal SCC (n = 101) were included in the study. Overall survival (OS) and disease‐free survival (DFS) were used to evaluate the prognostic significance of LND.

Results

In 101 patients with pN+ laryngeal SCC, LND ≥0.09 and number of metastatic lymph nodes >4 were significantly associated with OS and DFS but not the overall tumor, node, and metastasis stage. Forward stepwise Cox regression analysis revealed that LND ≥0.09 was the only independent predictor of both DFS and OS. Furthermore, the odds ratio of LND ≥0.09 was 10 times higher in patients with regional recurrence when compared patients without regional recurrence.

Conclusions

LND was the only independent prognostic predictor of OS and DFS in patients with pN+ laryngeal SCC. Moreover, patients with LND ≥0.09 were significantly associated with high risk of regional recurrence. Thus, patients with LND ≥0.09 are at high risk of regional recurrence and death and may be considered for adjuvant chemoradiation.
Probation Staff Attitudes Toward Substance Abuse Treatment and Evidence-Based Practices
Authors: Belenko Steven , Johnson Ingrid D. , Taxman Faye S. , Rieckmann Traci
Published: May 2016

Given the substantial need for and relatively low access to effective substance use disorder treatment for people on probation, it is critical to understand organizational and staff attitudes that may hinder or facilitate treatment linkage and willingness to adopt evidence-based practices. This study used survey data from a large county probation department to assess staff members’ attitudes and perceptions regarding their organization’s climate for innovation, role of substance use disorder treatment, support for evidence-based treatment, and organizational barriers to change. Probation staff were open to incorporating treatment into probation supervision, expressed support for rehabilitation models, and agreed that they would adopt innovations if required or they found them to be appealing. However, they expressed some concerns about the level of agency support for innovation and collaboration. Attitudes and perceptions varied by staff characteristics. Implications for expanding organizational change and adoption of evidence-based treatment practices in probation are discussed.
Cultural geography 1
Authors: Anderson Ben
Published: May 2016

In the first of three reviews I focus on how cultural geography is exploring modes and forms of power in relation to various contemporary conditions, including research on precaritization, dispossession, the state, and anti-black violence. A common concern in this work is with how power relations and effects are lived as part of the composition of experience. I demonstrate how this emphasis on experience manifests in attention to the specificities of modes of power and their intensities (how the effects of power come to form and are present/absent) and forms (how power relations are arranged into specific shapes or patterns).
Sunflower seed allergy
Authors: Ukleja-Sokołowska Natalia , Gawrońska-Ukleja Ewa , Żbikowska-Gotz Magdalena , Bartuzi Zbigniew , Sokołowski Łukasz
Published: May 2016

Sunflower seeds are a rare source of allergy, but several cases of occupational allergies to sunflowers have been described. Sunflower allergens on the whole, however, still await precise and systematic description. We present an interesting case of a 40-year-old male patient, admitted to hospital due to shortness of breath and urticaria, both of which appeared shortly after the patient ingested sunflower seeds. Our laryngological examination revealed swelling of the pharynx with retention of saliva and swelling of the mouth and tongue. During diagnostics, 2 months later, we found that skin prick tests were positive to mugwort pollen (12/9 mm), oranges (6/6 mm), egg protein (3/3 mm), and hazelnuts (3/3 mm). A native prick by prick test with sunflower seeds was strongly positive (8/5 mm). Elevated concentrations of specific IgE against weed mix (inc. lenscale, mugwort, ragweed) allergens (1.04 IU/mL), Artemisia vulgaris (1.36 IU/mL), and Artemisia absinthium (0.49 IU/mL) were found. An ImmunoCap ISAC test found an average level of specific IgE against mugwort pollen allergen component Art v 1 - 5,7 ISU-E, indicating an allergy to mugwort pollen and low to medium levels of specific IgE against lipid transfer proteins (LTP) found in walnuts, peanuts, mugwort pollen, and hazelnuts. Through the ISAC inhibition test we proved that sunflower seed allergen extracts contain proteins cross-reactive with patients’ IgE specific to Art v 1, Art v 3, and Jug r 3. Based on our results and the clinical pattern of the disease we confirmed that the patient is allergic to mugwort pollen and that he had an anaphylactic reaction as a result of ingesting sunflower seeds. We suspected that hypersensitivity to sunflower LTP and defensin-like proteins, both cross-reactive with mugwort pollen allergens, were the main cause of the patient’s anaphylactic reaction.
Social Skills Interventions for Students With Challenging Behavior
Authors: Hutchins Nancy S. , Burke Mack D. , Hatton Heather , Bowman-Perrott Lisa
Published: May 2016

This study provides results on a methodological quality review of the single-case research literature from 1998 to 2014 on the use of social skills interventions for students with challenging behavior. A systematic review of the social skills literature was conducted with the intent of updating the Mathur et al. study of social skills interventions. Twenty-four studies, published between 1998 and 2014, were identified and coded for methodological quality. Findings indicated half the studies failed to meet single-case design standards. Many studies did not sufficiently report reliability, implementation fidelity, or provide adequate opportunities to demonstrate intervention effect. The three most common behaviors across all studies were noncompliance, negative verbal interactions, and class disruptions. The majority of studies were conducted in early elementary grades. Results are discussed in the context of the need for greater methodological rigor for future single-case research studies in the area of social skills instruction.
Seven steps towards a PhD in psychiatry
Authors: Molina-Ruiz Rosa María
Published: May 2016

Objectives:

The present review aims to describe the main steps for completing a psychiatric PhD thesis with success.

Methods:

A selective review of the literature and the author’s experience as a psychiatrist completing a PhD.

Results:

Deciding upon a topic, choosing a mentor, organising your time, persevering and remaining motivated are the key elements.

Conclusions:

Preparedness and diligence lead the way towards a PhD. This advice is also relevant for those undertaking research at any stage of their career.
Hypothesis
Authors: Powell Jonathan M. , Ebin Emanuel , Borzak Steven , Lymperopoulos Anastasios , Hennekens Charles H.
Published: May 2016

The hypothesis that paroxetine decreases morbidity and mortality in patients with heart failure (HF) is plausible but unproven. Basic research demonstrates that inhibition of G protein-coupled receptor kinase 2 (GRK2) both in vitro and in vivo in the myocardium may be beneficial. G protein-coupled receptor kinase 2 antagonism is purported to exert cardioprotective effects immediately following myocardial injury by blunting toxic overstimulation on a recently injured heart. In addition, chronic overexpression of GRK2 inhibits catecholamine induction of vital positive chronotropic and ionotropic effects required to preserve cardiac output leading to worsening of congestive HF. In cardiac-specific GRK2 conditional knockout mice, there is significant improvement in left ventricular wall thickness, left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVEDD), and ejection fraction (EF) compared to controls. Paroxetine is a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor which was recently shown to have the ability to directly inhibit GRK2 both in vitro and in vivo. At physiologic temperatures, paroxetine inhibits GRK2-dependent phosphorylation of an activated G-protein-coupled receptor with a half maximal inhibitory concentration of 35 micromoles, a substantially greater affinity than for other G protein-coupled receptor kinases. In a randomized trial in mice with systolic HF and depressed EF postmyocardial infarction, those treated with paroxetine had a 30% increase in EF, improved contractility, and LVEDD and wall thickness compared to those treated with medical therapy alone. While further basic research may continue to elucidate plausible mechanisms of benefit and observational studies will contribute important relevant information, large scale randomized trials designed a priori to do so are necessary to test the hypothesis.
A Case of Auricular Pseudocyst
Authors: Cohen Vanessa , Fortier-Riberdy Geneviève , Saliba Issam , Davar Sandra
Published: May 2016

Background:

Auricular pseudocyst is a rare, asymptomatic, cystic-like swelling of the auricle that may pose a diagnostic challenge to the clinician. If inadequately treated, recurrences and ear deformities may ensue.

Objective:

The authors present a case of auricular pseudocyst in a previously healthy 43-year-old man. Aetiologies, histology, differential diagnosis, and treatment modalities are discussed.
Cultural perspective in open-ended interviews – The importance of being adaptable
Authors: Gustafsson Jertfelt Isa HES , Blanchin Alice , Li Sihong
Published: May 2016

When conducting open-ended qualitative interviews, it is important to remember that the method originates from the Western perspective. In China we encountered a number of problems when using this method, with little information on dealing with them in the literature, or if information does exist it has not attracted enough attention in the research community to be readily accessible. We therefore saw a need to uncover these difficulties, encouraging a broader discussion about these types of cross-cultural issues and how to handle them in research situations. The differences between the Chinese interview situation and the European interview situation will be presented in seven points. We will present examples and discuss potential sources for these problems and their implications for ecological validity.
Screening Women’s Imprisonment
Authors: Artt Sarah , Schwan Anne
Published: May 2016

Since the time it was first broadcast in 2013 and despite its unquestionable commercial success, Netflix prison comedy-drama Orange Is the New Black has garnered equal shares of praise and blame. Countless articles have appeared in the popular press discussing the show’s treatment of race, sexuality, and class, as well as its depiction of the American prison system, while academics have also begun to comment on the series. This special issue aims to continue the work initiated on this important television series, while adding to a growing body of scholarship on popular representations of punishment in the age of US mass incarceration.
Modeling the expected detection probability for mine countermeasure operations based on cross-section and multiple looks
Authors: Nguyen Bao , Mirshak Ramzi
Published: May 2016

We present a methodology to determine the expected probability of detection of a target based on multiple looks or angles: tactics and cross-sections. While previous studies confirm that the general probability of detection improves significantly with the number of looks, our findings demonstrate that this value can vary substantially depending on search and detection tactics, as well as the target’s cross-section. We argue that the angular dependence of the detection process is often overlooked for search and detection missions, but that this can be elegantly accounted for when assuming symmetrical targets. Consequently, we investigate three tactics where each look is independent: first, a globally optimal tactic where all look angles are equally spaced; second, a tactic which distributes the look angles randomly; and third, a tactic which imposes the same angle for all look angles. We are also able to use the first tactic to extract the guaranteed best angle of the broad side of a target, and additionally for each tactic we propose an example of a corresponding search pattern. We hope that our findings in this paper increase awareness within the search and detection community of the phenomenologies of multiple looks, and that our presented methodology can be incorporated into the mine search and detection tactics.
Optimization of transmission system design based on genetic algorithm
Authors: Chen Xianbing , Zhi Xuge , Song Haichao
Published: May 2016

Transmission system is a crucial precision mechanism for twin-screw chemi-mechanical pulping equipment. The structure of the system designed by traditional method is not optimal because the structure designed by the traditional methods is easy to fall into the local optimum. To achieve the global optimum, this article applies the genetic algorithm which has grown in recent years in the field of structure optimization. The article uses the volume of transmission system as the objective function to optimize the structure designed by traditional method. Compared to the simulation results, the original structure is not optimal, and the optimized structure is tighter and more reasonable. Based on the optimized results, the transmission shafts in the transmission system are designed and checked, and the parameters of the twin screw are selected and calculated. The article provided an effective method to design the structure of transmission system.
Effect of filling ratio on premixed methane/air explosion in an open-end pipe
Authors: Guo Chang , Lin Bai-quan , Zhu Chuan-jie , Jiang Bing-you , Sun Yu-min , Yao Hao
Published: May 2016

The propagation characteristics of premixed methane/air explosion under different filling ratios (20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, and 100%) were studied using an experimental system. The results indicate that the peak overpressure showed a decreasing trend at the initial stage but then showed an increasing trend until reaching its maximum value under different filling ratios. As the explosion propagated to the open end, the overpressure showed a downtrend. At this point, the flame speed initially increased along the pipe but then dropped dramatically. In addition, the explosion overpressure and flame speed increased with the increase of filling ratio. However, when the filling ratio reached 50%, the explosion overpressure and flame speed tended to be stable and the increase was not obvious. These results will be of great importance in evaluating the explosive damage to equipment and human personnel working in coal mines or other chemical industries.
College Student-Athletes’ Communicative Negotiation of Emotion Labor
Authors: Romo Lynsey K.
Published: May 2016

Not only are college student-athletes expected to excel on the field and in the classroom, but, as reflections of their university, they must abide by codes of conduct that govern their emotions and communicative behaviors. Interviews of Division I athletes at an academically and athletically elite U.S. university uncovered that similar to employees in the retail and hospitality industries, who are paid to express particular emotions, student-athletes also had to perform emotional labor in order to meet institutional demands. Unlike paid workers, however, student-athletes are considered amateurs and do not receive a salary, and their behaviors are scrutinized most of the day, particularly if they are high-profile players. Despite the powerlessness, frustration, and nervousness student-athletes felt, they were expected to express mental toughness and gratitude. Participants coped with emotional labor demands by turning backstage and relying on teammates for social support. In addition to extending emotional labor research to a new context, this study offers several practical applications, underscoring the need for university athletics departments to prepare and assist student-athletes with the performance and negotiation of emotional labor.
Presence of Meaning, Sources of Meaning, and Subjective Well-Being in Emerging Adulthood
Authors: To Siu-ming , Sung Wai-leung
Published: May 2016

In this study, we aimed to examine whether and how presence of meaning and sources of meaning interact and contribute to the subjective well-being of emerging adults. Results from a cross-sectional survey of 251 Chinese community college students in Hong Kong revealed that presence of meaning was positively associated with life satisfaction and positive affect. The findings also showed that ascriptions to self-preoccupating and individualistic sources of meaning were associated with positive affect, while ascriptions to individualistic and self-transcendent sources of meaning were associated with life satisfaction. Furthermore, ascription to the individualistic source of meaning amplified the strength of a positive relationship between presence of meaning and life satisfaction. These findings can provide a knowledge base for initiating further research on how different components of meaning in life cooperate to affect emerging adults’ subjective well-being.
Speed bumps on the road to a chemotherapy-free world for lymphoma patients
Authors: Cheson Bruce D.
Published: May 2016

With the increasing number of targeted agents for the treatment of patients with lymphoid malignancies comes the promise of safe and effective chemotherapy-free treatment strategies. A number of single agents, such as ibrutinib and idelalisib, have demonstrated impressive efficacy with a favorable toxicity profile. The observations that most responses are, however, partial and treatment duration is indefinite have stimulated interest in combinations of these agents with chemotherapy as well as with each other. Despite the promise of this approach, several recent trials of combinations of agents have been terminated as the result of life-threatening and fatal complications. Such outcomes have generated a cautionary note of the potential for unforeseen adverse effects that challenge drug development and mitigate against the empiric combination of such drugs outside of a clinical trial setting.
The germinal center antibody response in health and disease
Authors: DeFranco Anthony L.
Published: May 2016

The germinal center response is the delayed but sustained phase of the antibody response that is responsible for producing high-affinity antibodies of the IgG, IgA and/or IgE isotypes. B cells in the germinal center undergo re-iterative cycles of somatic hypermutation of immunoglobulin gene variable regions, clonal expansion, and Darwinian selection for cells expressing higher-affinity antibody variants. Alternatively, selected B cells can terminally differentiate into long-lived plasma cells or into a broad diversity of mutated memory B cells; the former secrete the improved antibodies to fight an infection and to provide continuing protection from re-infection, whereas the latter may jumpstart immune responses to subsequent infections with related but distinct infecting agents. Our understanding of the molecules involved in the germinal center reaction has been informed by studies of human immunodeficiency patients with selective defects in the production of antibodies. Recent studies have begun to reveal how innate immune recognition via Toll-like receptors can enhance the magnitude and selective properties of the germinal center, leading to more effective control of infection by a subset of viruses. Just as early insights into the nature of the germinal center found application in the development of the highly successful conjugate vaccines, more recent insights may find application in the current efforts to develop new generations of vaccines, including vaccines that can induce broadly protective neutralizing antibodies against influenza virus or HIV-1.
Transformation of the Role of the Auxiliary Staff in Modern Universities
Authors: Сахарова  , Sakharova N.
Published: May 2016

The article analyzes the key factors of infl uence of external and internal environment on the functioning of Russian higher education institutions, ways to improve

the competitiveness of modern universities in the face of increasing global competition in the education market, reviews the activities of the Government to ensure

the achievement of the strategic objectives of the Russian Federation development for the period up to 2020 in higher education, defi nes trends in requirements for

the competences of certain categories of university staff , provides data on the auxiliaries staff of universities across the country, discusses diff erent points of view on

the role of auxiliaries staff in the university functioning, identifi es the main control problems of auxiliaries staff.
Role of HR–Specialists in Formation of Dynamic Capabilities in the Company of Innovative-Oriented Enterprise
Authors: Сокерина  , Sokerina Svetlana
Published: May 2016

The formation of dynamic capabilities of the company, that is the ability to respond quickly to the changes occurring in the external environment, and also the formation of the base for the innovative development of the company, hiding in the innovative potential of the staff , — requires from HR-specialists extended competences, which are necessary for changes in companies. The essential condition for their formation is the disclosure of the potential of staff , coating a hidden, unrealized potential that can be used by an organization to address its goals and objectives. The article presents the functional areas of HR-specialists’ activities in innovative-oriented enterprise, describes the components of the process of company provision by «innovative minds» and the development of innovative potential of the staff . There are stated the aims for HR-specialists and new (extended) competences to reach professional eff ectiveness in innovative changes.
Table talk with Vordb Na R.iidr
Authors: Connole Edia
Published: May 2016

Employing the epistemological principle of black metal theory (BMT), this article maps the central phenomenological feature of apophatic mysticism onto the loss sustained in Vordb Na R.iidr’s first non-material edition: Moévöt’s De fenêtre entrouverte (Kaleidarkness, 1992–2015). With recourse to personal commentary, this loss is traced not only through the work, but the spiritual life of Vordb, the founding member of up to nineteen known permutations of Les Légions Noires: from the infamous Vlad Tepes and Bèlkètre split, March to The Black Holocaust (1996), to his figural equation with John the Baptist, an homage to the latter’s ministry in Guido d’Arezzo’s solmization system, and related synaesthetic elements, to reveal an affective identification with divinity through intimate exposure to the utmost negativity.
From Umm Kulthum to Orphaned Land: The influence of female musicians in constructing Israeli/Palestinian narratives
Authors: Grant Sam
Published: May 2016

Historical narratives come not only from real-world events but from psychological processes, with Israeli and Palestinian narratives undergoing constant radical changes along with the physical territory. In the Middle East, femininity and the female form are considered intrinsic to national identity, and female musicians from the region have long addressed the Israeli/Palestinian divide. This article uses original interviews conducted with modern-day Israeli and Palestinian female vocalists to investigate national narratives since the mid-twentieth century and their relationship to the political situation. Analysis of the data gathered demonstrates a shift in attitudes and narrative type from one promoting staunch patriotism and national solidarity in the 1960s to a development towards liberalism and a modern-day mindset of coexistence for both nations in the twenty-first century. These variations indicate changing feelings towards nationalism and humanitarianism, towards creating borders and destroying them, whilst also showing how political revolution will only come through a revolution of the self.
Kreativität und soziale Praxis
Authors: Reckwitz Andreas
Published: May 2016

Andreas Reckwitz ist einer der wichtigsten deutschen Sozial- und Kulturtheoretiker der Gegenwart. Seine Bücher, darunter »Die Transformation der Kulturtheorien« (2000) und »Die Erfindung der Kreativität« (2012), werden über die Grenzen der Soziologie hinweg breit rezipiert. Dieser Band versammelt aktuelle Aufsätze von Andreas Reckwitz, die sich mit zwei Problemstellungen befassen: In welcher Weise wird die Spätmoderne von einem Kreativitätsimperativ beherrscht, der eine entsprechende gesellschaftliche Struktur von Ästhetisierung, Innovation und Sichtbarkeit forciert? Und welche Form soll eine »Theorie sozialer Praktiken« annehmen, die eine solche Gesellschaftsanalyse anleiten kann?
Production process and characterization of extra cellular li-pids from bacterial strain from oil industries waste
Authors: Balamurugan Vadivel , Balakrishnan Veluchamy , Sundaresan Arjunan , Vasanthi Kodhandapani , Venkatesan Selvaraj
Published: May 2016

The Bacillus sp was isolated from oil industry waste. The isolated strain was screened for the production of lipase enzyme. The production was done by shake flask fermentation. After downstream processing, the partial purification was done my ammonium sulphate precipitation & dialysis and the assay was done by photometric method. The various factors affecting production of extra cellular lipase activity was assayed which include pH, different substrate, temperature and additives. Besides, production was made using different carbon source and crude medium. Result showed that pH 6 and 37Â°C is an optimum environmental parameter for the growth of the isolate. In addition, the sucrose was found to be better carbon source.
On The Shore Dimly Seen: Review
Authors: Naleppa Götz
Published: May 2016

A new wave of understanding and agreement with all sorts of secret service methods which pretend to protect us against terrorism makes Whitehead’s radio performance, On The Shore Dimly Seen, even more precious and important than at the time of its production. Because it is the voice of a radical believer in democracy and human rights: today a lonely voice in the chorus of fear. We hear Gregory Whitehead’s voice chanting the interrogation log of Guantanamo Bay detainee 063 (prisoners in Guantanamo do not have names, they are only numbers), interwoven with the voices of vocalist Gelsey Bell and actress Anne Undeland. Often interweaving documentary and fictive materials into playfully unresolved narratives, Whitehead’s aesthetic is distinguished by a deep philosophical commitment to radio as a medium for poetic navigation and free association. In his voice and text-sound works, he explores the tension between a continuous pulse and the eruption of sudden discontinuities, as well as linguistic entropy and decay. We smell the fear. Whitehead forces us to be ‘there’ as a listener, feeling more and more uncomfortable – he won't let us escape as distant and objective spectators. Unwillingly we become witnesses, become ‘guilty’. ‘Non-touch-torture’, ‘enhanced investigation' - doesn’t that sound human, legal and progressive? Those who use euphemisms have something to hide or to cover. In Whitehead’s work we are confronted with the fact that the government of the proudest democracy of the world hides its actions behind such cynical euphemisms. ‘On the shore dimly seen’ is the first line of the second verse of the US-American national anthem; I interpret the use of this line as title of the Radio Performance as the J’accuse of a brave and upright American artist, who feels shame and anger when the symbol of freedom and democracy is misused against human rights. On The Shore Dimly Seen, a ‘boneyard cantata’ enquiry into no-touch torture, was short-listed for a Prix Italia.
Nursing care for patients with copd on long-term oxygen therapy
Uzun süreli oksijen tedavisi alan koah hastalarında hemşirelik bakımı
Authors: Karaca Türkan , Derya İster Emine
Published: May 2016

According to Maslow's theory, clear air is the highest priority which hierarchical human needs for maintaining the vitality of the human. İndividuals can not maintain the respiratory function effectively any reason (such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), lung cancer, pneumonia, tuberculosis, asthma and cystic fibrosis disease) that cause unabling to  fulfill task of these constructions. From the report of the Global Burden of the Diseases that is updated in 2010 by World Health Organization, within non-communicable (chronic) diseases; chronic respiratory diseases, cardiovascular diseases, cancers and diabetes are the biggest killer which cause estimated 35 million deaths every year. In addition to these data, the cause of deaths rank in the world, COPD  is fourth. Also in this report, the cause of death in the ranking for the year 2030, COPD is expected to rise to third place (WHO, 2010). Developments in technology and health care allow early diagnosis of diseases and optimal treatment application in case of illness. Long-term oxygen therapy is the most commonly used method for espiratory diseases. So, for a high quality nursing care that provide by nurses, it is important that nurses be aware of basic concepts of oxygen therapy, methods of application and possible complications. ÖzetMaslow’ un teorisine göre, insan gereksinimleri hiyerarşik sıralamasında insanın canlılığını sürdürebilmesi için en öncelikli karşılaması gereken gereksinimi temiz havadır. Herhangi bir nedenle bu yapılar görevini yerine getiremediği durumlarda (Kronik Obstrüktif Akciğer Hastalığı (KOAH), akciğer kanseri, pnomöni, tüberküloz, astım ve kistik fibrozis gibi hastalıklar) bireyler solunum sistemi fonksiyonunu etkin bir şekilde sürdüremez. Dünya Sağlık Örgütü’nün (DSÖ), 2010 yılında güncellediği Hastalıkların Küresel Yükü başlıklı raporunda bulaşıcı olmayan (kronik) hastalıkların içinde kronik solunum yolu hastalıkları, kalp damar hastalıkları, kanserler ve diyabet ile beraber dünyanın en büyük katilleri olup, her yıl tahminen 35 milyon ölüme neden olmaktadır.  Bu verilere ek olarak, dünyada ölüm nedeni sıralamasında solunum sistemi hastalıklarından, KOAH dördüncü sırada yer almaktadır. Ayrıca bu raporda, 2030 yılı için öngörülen ölüm nedeni sıralamasında, KOAH’ın üçüncü sıraya yükseleceği tahmin edilmektedir (DSÖ, 2010).   Teknolojide ve sağlık alanında ki gelişmeler, hastalıklara erken tanı koymasına ve hastalık durumunda en uygun tedavi yöntemini uygulamasına olanak sağlamaktadır. KOAH’da en sık kullanılan tedavi yöntemi uuzun süreli oksijen tedavisidir. Bu nedenle hemşirelerin kaliteli bir hemşirelik bakımı vermeleri için, oksijen tedavisinin temel kavramlarını, uygulama yöntemlerini, gelişebilecek komplikasyonları bilmesi önemlidir.
Revisiting g-estimation of the Effect of a Time-varying Exposure Subject to Time-varying Confounding
Authors: Vansteelandt Stijn , Sjolander Arvid
Published: May 2016

Marginal Structural Models (MSMs), with the associated method of inverse probability weighting (IPW), have become increasingly popular in epidemiology to model and estimate the joint effects of a sequence of exposures. This popularity is largely related to the relative simplicity of the method, as compared to other techniques to adjust for time-varying confounding, such as g-estimation and g-computation. However, the price to pay for this simplicity can be substantial. The IPW estimators that are routinely used in applications make inefficient use of the information in the data, and are susceptible to large finite-sample bias when some confounders are strongly predictive of exposure. Moreover, the handling of continuous exposures easily becomes impractical, and the study of effect modification by time-varying covariates even impossible. In view of this, we revisit Structural Nested Mean Models (SNMMs) with the associated method of g-estimation as a useful remedy, and show how this can be implemented through standard software.
Catalytic synthesis and antimicrobial activity of N-(3-chloro-2-oxo-4-phenylazetidin-1-yl)-4-(1H-indol-3-yl)-6-methyl-2-thioxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidine-5-carboxamides
Authors: Desai Nisheeth C. , Bhatt Malay J.
Published: May 2016

In continuation of our work towards synthesizing bio-active molecules we developed and optimized the methodology for novel N-(3-chloro-2-oxo-4-phenylazetidin-1-yl)-4-(1H-indol-3-yl)-6-methyl-2-thioxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidine-5-carboxamide analogues from readily available starting materials. We focused on the pressing demand to find eco-friendly pathways by means of catalytic optimization of the process. All synthesized compounds were screened for in vitro antibacterial and antifungal activities on Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus pyogenes, Candida albicans, Aspergillus niger, and Aspergillus clavatus species.
Effects of Ti–Mg Complex Inclusions on Acicular Ferrite Nucleation
Authors: Hui Kong , Hao Lin , Qiang Yue , Zhengyu Cai
Published: May 2016

The alloys of Ti and Mg are added in molten carbon structural steel in sequence to reveal their influence on features of inclusion and microstructure. Compared with non-treated steel, it is found that they leads to the formation of Ti-Mg-O inclusion and reduction in portion of pure MnS. Experimental results indicate that average inclusion size in treated steel significantly decreases and its number per unit volume increases by 48 %. Moreover, the margin mole ratio of Mg/Ti in all Ti-Mg-O inclusions is larger than 2, which hints they are more complex than single assumption of MgTi2O4. After etching, intragranular acicular ferrite (IAF) microstructure is observed. EDS line analysis suggests that Mn-depletion zone exists in steel matrix, which is proposed to explain the IAF nucleation effect induced by Ti-Mg-O inclusions. Through comparison with only Mg-treated sample, the refinement of inclusion and increase in portion of pure MnS due to Ti adding are revealed.
Effects of Annealing Temperature on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Electrodeposited Ni-Fe Alloy Foils
Authors: Ren H. R. , Guo L. , Guo Z. C.
Published: May 2016

The plasticity, elastic modulus and thermal stability restrict the applications of electrodeposited nanocrystalline Ni-Fe alloy foils. To improve its mechanical properties, the electrodeposited Ni-Fe alloy foils were heat treated within the temperature 900–1,150 °C. The microstructure and texture of the samples were further analyzed with a combination of SEM, XRD and EBSD. The experimental results indicated that the electrodeposited Ni-Fe alloy foil had poor mechanical properties at about 1,000 °C, which was mainly attributed to the development of a mixed grain microstructure. At 900–950 °C, the plastic and elastic modulus were greatly improved, which were owed to the uniformed microstructure and the decrease of structure defects. At 1,050–1,150 °C, the degree of the mixed grain microstructure decreased, resulting in improved plasticity and higher elastic modulus. However, the strength of the foil obviously decreased, which was mainly associated with the increase of the average grain size.
Relative performance of AUSGeoid09 in
mountainous terrain
Authors: Sussanna V. , Janssen V. , Gibbings P.
Published: May 2016

The Australian Height Datum (AHD) is the national
vertical datum for Australia, and AUSGeoid09 is
the latest quasigeoid model used to compute (normalorthometric)
AHD heights from Global Navigation Satellite
System (GNSS) derived ellipsoidal heights. While previous
studies have evaluated the AUSGeoid09 model across
Australia, such studies have generally not focused on
mountainous terrain. This paper investigates the performance
of AUSGeoid09 in a relative sense in the MidHunter
and Snowy Mountains regions of New South Wales, from
a user’s perspective. Relative (i.e. height difference between
two points) comparisons were undertaken between
AUSGeoid09-derived heights and officialAHDheights. The
performance of AUSGeoid09 was compared to its predecessor
AUSGeoid98. In both study areas, an overall improvement
was evident when applying AUSGeoid09 to
compute AHD height differences. AUSGeoid09 generally
provided AHD height differences at the ±0.05mto ±0.09m
level (1 sigma) and substantially increased the percentage
of GNSS-derived height differences meeting 3rd order
differential levelling specifications. This is a very encouraging
result, considering the difficulties of spirit levelling
in mountainous terrain and the increasing popularity of
GNSS-based height transfer in practice.