bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dual-mode distributed feedback quantum cascade laser based on stacked 3D monolithic integration for on-chip multi-channel gas sensing
Authors: Lu Xiyu , Guan Yanjiao , Yang Pengchang , Niu Shan , Ma Yu , Wang Lijun , Zhuo Ning , Zhang Jinchuan , Zhai Shenqiang , Cheng Fengmin , Liu Shuman , Liu Fengqi , Liu Junqi
Published: October 2023

To facilitate the development of on-chip integrated mid-infrared multi-channel gas sensing systems, we propose a high-power dual-mode (7.01 and 7.5 μm) distributed feedback quantum cascade laser based on stacked 3D monolithic integration. Longitudinal mode control is achieved by preparing longitudinal nested bi-periodic compound one-dimensional Bragg gratings along the direction of the cavity length in the confinement layer. Additionally, transverse coherent coupling ridges perpendicular to the cavity length direction are fabricated in the upper waveguide layer to promote the fundamental transverse mode output when all ridges are in phase. Stable dual-wavelength simultaneous emission with a side-mode suppression ratio of more than 20 dB was achieved by holographic exposure and wet etching. The entire spectral tuning range covers nearly 100 nm through joint tuning of the injection current and heat-sink temperature. High peak power and beam quality are guaranteed by the parallel coherent integration of seven-element ridge arrays. The device operates in a fundamental supermode with a single-lobed far-field pattern, and its peak output power reaches 3.36 W in pulsed mode at 20°C. This dual-mode laser chip has the potential for in-situ on-chip simultaneous detection of CH4 and C2H6 gases in leak monitoring.
High performance visible generation of Ho3+-doped all-fiber lasers
Authors: Ji Shuaihao , Lin Xuexian , Xiao Bo , Wang Zhongyu , Lin Xiuji , Cai Zhiping
Published: October 2023

Direct generation of visible frequency from a compact all-fiber laser while preserving high output characteristics has been a subject of research in laser technology. We investigated the high output performance of all-fiber lasers based on Ho3+-doped ZBLAN fluoride glass fiber especially operating in the deep-red band by pumping at 640 nm. Remarkably, we achieved a maximum continuous-wave output power of 271 mW at 750 nm with a slope efficiency of 45.1%, which represents, to our knowledge, the highest direct output power recorded in an all-fiber laser with a core diameter of less than 10 μm in the deep-red band. Additionally, we successfully developed a 1.2 μm all-fiber laser pumped by a 640 nm laser. We extensively investigated the correlation between these two-laser generation processes and their performances at 750 nm and 1.2 μm wavelengths. By increasing the pumping rate, we observed an efficient recycling of population through a highly excited state absorption process, which effectively returned the population to the upper laser level of the deep-red transition. Moreover, we determined the optimized conditions for such lasers, identified the processes responsible for populating the excited state energy levels, and established the corresponding spectroscopic parameters.
Ultralow-filling-factor superconducting nanowire single-photon detector utilizing a 2D photonic crystal
Authors: Xiao You , Cao Xiyuan , Liu Xiaoyu , Jia Lianxi , Huang Jia , Li Hao , Wu Aimin , Wang Zhen , You Lixing
Published: October 2023

Superconducting nanowires enable the operation of outstanding single-photon detectors, which are required particularly for quantum information and weak-light measurement applications. However, the trade-off between detection speed and efficiency, which is related to the filling factors of superconducting nanowires, is still a challenge. Here, we propose a fast, efficient single-photon detector fabricated by integrating ultralow-filling-factor meandered superconducting nanowires atop a photonic crystal (PhC) resonator. This unique structure enables a fast photon response due to the low kinetic inductance of the short nanowires and ensures efficient photon absorption due to the resonant effect of the PhC structure. The proposed detector has a filling factor of only ∼12% while maintaining a high maximum absorption in our simulation of 90%. The fabricated device exhibits a maximum system detection efficiency of 60%, a maximum count rate of ∼80  MHz, and a recovery time of only ∼12  ns, which is three times faster than that of the conventional meandered structure at the same sensing diameter (18 μm). This work helps advance the movement toward high-efficiency, high-speed single-photon detectors and promotes their future application in quantum communication and imaging.
Sirt3 deficiency promotes endothelial dysfunction and aggravates renal injury
Authors: Pezzotta Anna , Perico Luca , Corna Daniela , Morigi Marina , Remuzzi Giuseppe , Benigni Ariela , Imberti Barbara
Published: October 2023

Sirtuin 3 (SIRT3), the main deacetylase of mitochondria, modulates the acetylation levels of substrates governing metabolism and oxidative stress. In the kidney, we showed that SIRT3 affects the proper functioning of high energy-demanding cells, such as tubular cells and podocytes. Less is known about the role of SIRT3 in regulating endothelial cell function and its impact on the progression of kidney disease. Here, we found that whole body Sirt3-deficient mice exhibited reduced renal capillary density, reflecting endothelial dysfunction, and VEGFA expression compared to wild-type mice. This was paralleled by activation of hypoxia signaling, upregulation of HIF-1α and Angiopietin-2, and oxidative stress increase. These alterations did not result in kidney disease. However, when Sirt3-deficient mice were exposed to the nephrotoxic stimulus Adriamycin (ADR) they developed aggravated endothelial rarefaction, altered VEGFA signaling, and higher oxidative stress compared to wild-type mice receiving ADR. As a result, ADR-treated Sirt3-deficient mice experienced a more severe injury with exacerbated albuminuria, podocyte loss and fibrotic lesions. These data suggest that SIRT3 is a crucial regulator of renal vascular homeostasis and its dysregulation is a predisposing factor for kidney disease. By extension, our findings indicate SIRT3 as a pharmacologic target in progressive renal disease whose treatments are still imperfect.
The aims and effectiveness of communities of practice in healthcare: A systematic review
Authors: Noar Alexander P. , Jeffery Hannah E. , Subbiah Ponniah Hariharan , Jaffer Usman
Published: October 2023

Communities of practice (CoPs) are defined as "groups of people who share a concern, a set of problems, or a passion about a topic, and who deepen their knowledge and expertise by interacting on an ongoing basis". They are an effective form of knowledge management that have been successfully used in the business sector and increasingly so in healthcare. In May 2023 the electronic databases MEDLINE and EMBASE were systematically searched for primary research studies on CoPs published between 1st January 1950 and 31st December 2022. PRISMA guidelines were followed. The following search terms were used: community/communities of practice AND (healthcare OR medicine OR patient/s). The database search picked up 2009 studies for screening. Of these, 50 papers met the inclusion criteria. The most common aim of CoPs was to directly improve a clinical outcome, with 19 studies aiming to achieve this. In terms of outcomes, qualitative outcomes were the most common measure used in 21 studies. Only 11 of the studies with a quantitative element had the appropriate statistical methodology to report significance. Of the 9 studies that showed a statistically significant effect, 5 showed improvements in hospital-based provision of services such as discharge planning or rehabilitation services. 2 of the studies showed improvements in primary-care, such as management of hepatitis C, and 2 studies showed improvements in direct clinical outcomes, such as central line infections. CoPs in healthcare are aimed at improving clinical outcomes and have been shown to be effective. There is still progress to be made and a need for further studies with more rigorous methodologies, such as RCTs, to provide further support of the causality of CoPs on outcomes.
Assessing perceived and functional health literacy among parents in Cyprus: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Menikou Joanna , Middleton Nicos , Papastavrou Evridiki , Nicolaou Christiana
Published: October 2023

Background

Parents often must take decisions regarding their children’s health, which requires certain skills and competences. Parental health literacy (HL) is important in establishing positive health-promoting behaviours and better health outcomes to their children. Limited parental HL has been associated with various negative children’s health outcomes. The aim of the study was to explore perceived and functional HL among parents in Cyprus.

Method

A cross-sectional study was conducted with a convenience sample of 416 parents of children, aged 6 months to 15 years old, presenting in pediatric outpatient departments across three Cypriot cities. Participants completed the HLS-EU-Q47, a self-reported measure of HL, and the NVS (Newest Vital Sign), a performance-based measure of HL. Associations with socio-demographic characteristics and health behaviors were explored.

Results

Based on suggested ranges, among 416 parents, mostly mothers (83.2%), almost half of parents (42.6%) were classified as having inadequate or problematic perceived HL. Consistently, 62.8% showed high likelihood or significant possibility of limited functional HL, based on the NVS with a mean score of 2.73 out of 6 (SD = 2.02). Nevertheless, no correlation was observed between the two measures of HL. Limited parental perceived HL was statistically significantly associated with lower educational attainment, lower number of children in the family, increased self-assessed health status, and limited exercise habits. Limited parental functional HL was statistically significantly associated with female gender, younger age, lower educational attainment, receiving financial aid, lower family income, and lower alcohol consumption.

Conclusion

Even though there was lack of agreement in the classification according to the HLS-EU-Q47 and the NVS, moderate-to-low levels of perceived HL appear consistent with a performance-based measure of HL. As a high number of parents may face challenges in assessing and applying health information to improve outcomes for their children, with evidence of social gradient, healthcare services should be oriented towards identifying problematic HL while Public Health interventions are needed to enhance parental HL.
God geometricizes (and so does Laban)
Authors: Moore Carol-Lynne
Published: October 2023

Although Rudolf Laban is primarily identified with the analytical frameworks he developed for studying and recording human movements, he remained deeply concerned to understand the complex synthesis of body, effort and space that occurs, seemingly spontaneously, in normal as well as skilled actions. Laban perceived a deeper meaning in this miraculous synthesis, noting that ‘every gesture and action of our body is a deeply rooted mystery’. This article traces how Laban used the metaphors of geometry and harmony to penetrate the physical reality of human movement as well as its metaphysical significance. Discussion centres on two Platonic Solids – the icosahedron and the cube – illustrating how Laban used each respectively to model spatial and dynamic patterns, to examine these elemental patterns in relation to each other and finally to place the human body at the centre of a universe of universal movements, linking microcosm and macrocosm.
Home-based telework: aspects of communication. Evidence from Hungary
Authors: Konczos Szombathelyi Márta , Borgulya Ágnes , Balogh Gábor
Published: October 2023

This paper examines the communication aspect of Home-Based Telework (HBT). The aim of this study is to focus on internal organizational communication from the perspective of occupation and time spent in HBT by answering two research questions. Firstly, how does the occupation influence the perception of organizational communication and the attitude towards remote work? Secondly, does the evaluation of communication within the organization change according to the employees' judgment, depending on the time spent in HBT? During the research, a systematic literature review related to HBT was carried out. Moreover, an anonymous online questionnaire survey was conducted in four occupational groups, on a sample of 1,100 people. The results show that there are significant differences related to the perception of communication between groups that can be distinguished based on occupations and time. The conclusions drawn from the results can serve as a reference point both for the researchers of the topic and for those company managers who prepare and organize the permanent introduction of HBT.
University-industry collaboration in R&D to reduce the informal economy and strengthen sustainable development
Authors: Samoilikova Anastasiia , Kuryłowicz Mariusz , Lyeonov Serhiy , Vasa László
Published: October 2023

University-industry collaboration in R&D has great potential as a partnership that promotes sustainable development. This article aims to confirm that university-industry collaboration in R&D contributes to reducing the size of informal economy and strengthening sustainable development. Correlation and causal analysis are applied to achieve this goal: Shapiro-Wilk test, Pearson’s and Spearman correlation methods, vector autoregression and Granger causality test are used on the basis of STATA software for a cross-country sample of 10 countries with the highest Sustainable Development Index over 2011-2018. Research results show that stronger university-industry R&D collaboration contributes to more robust sustainable development in 6 out of 10 sample countries and shrinking informal economy in 4 out of 10 countries. In turn, growth of the informal economy leads to a decrease in university-industry R&D collaboration in 5 out of 10 countries and inhibits sustainable development in 7 out of 10 countries. In conclusion, policymakers should transform the national policy and strategy to emphasize and strengthen R&D cooperation between the universities and the industry.
A new simple test to evaluate the efficiency of government spending
Authors: Abbasov Jeyhun
Published: October 2023

The main purpose of this study is to determine the conditions that enable optimal distribution of the government revenues between capital and current expenditures, one that would maximize the firms’ and households’ utility and provide the maximum impact of the government expenditures on economic growth rate. Research indicates that for such optimal distribution of the budget to be defined, the derivatives of output functions with respect to the government capital expenditure and the government current expenditure must be equal. The obtained theoretical results serve as a basis for a test that analyzes the efficiency of the allocation of government revenues between current and capital expenditure items. The test is based on intervals established at significance levels of 0.01-0.99. If the difference between the marginal value of the production function with respect to the government's current and capital expenditure falls into any of these established intervals, the distribution of government expenses in these two directions can be considered effective at the level of significance corresponding to that interval. Research results found that governments usually cannot efficiently allocate their revenues between capital and current expenditures.
The Identification, Diagnosis, Prospective, and Action (IDPA) Method for Facilitating Dialogue between Stakeholders: Application to the Radiological Protection Domain
Authors: Lochard Jacques , Zar Win Thu , Kai Michiaki , Ando Ryoko
Published: October 2023

This article reviews the experience of applying the Identification, Diagnosis, Prospective, and Action (IDPA) facilitating method as a means of promoting practices of dialogue between stakeholders in the radiological protection field. After presenting the characteristics of the IDPA method and its ability to promote active listening, participation, and dialogue among stakeholders facing complex situations, as well as the procedural aspects associated with its practical implementation, the article describes three examples of the application of the method in the field of radiological protection. The first one presents how the IDPA method supported a debate among decision-makers, authorities, experts, professionals, and representatives of non-governmental organizations about how to engage stakeholders in radiological protection. The second example presents how the IDPA method was used in a series of dialogue meetings to explore the challenges of the post-nuclear accident situation resulting from the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant accident. The third one presents the application of the method in the context of a training course organized by Nagasaki University in the affected area close to the damaged plant. Experience has shown that the IDPA method makes it possible to develop responses to problems posed in very different contexts and, in many cases, to find compromises regarding their solutions. The IDPA method has the merit of allowing each of the participants to better understand the situation they are faced with, even if such a positive result is not always achieved.
Radiation Measurements at Fukushima Medical University over a Period of 12 Years Following the Nuclear Power Plant Accident
Authors: Ozawa Ryo
Published: October 2023

Background: Fukushima Medical University (FMU) is located 57 km northwest of the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant. Our laboratory has been conducting environmental radiation measurements continuously before and after the nuclear accident. We aimed to report the observed behavior of radiation originating from the released radioactive materials due to the accident, predict future trends, and disseminate the results to the local residents.Materials and Methods: Measurements of the counting rate by a diameter of 76 mm and a length of 76 mm thallium-doped sodium iodide (NaI[Tl]) scintillation detector (S-1211-T; Teledyne Brown Engineering Environmental Services) in the central part of the laboratory, and the dose rate outward at the window by NaI(Tl) scintillation detector and digital processor (EMF211; EMF Japan Co. Ltd.) were conducted.Results and Discussion: Measurements by Teledyne S-1211-T showed that in the early stages, radiation from radioactive isotopes with short half-lives was dominant, while radiation from radioactive isotopes with longer half-lives became dominant as the measurement period became longer. Through nonlinear least squares regression, both short and long half-lives were successfully determined. It was also possible to predict how the radiation dose would decrease. The environmental radiation trends around FMU were measured by the EMF211. Both measurements were affected by rainfall and snow accumulation. Decontamination work on the FMU campus impacted measurements by the EMF211 especially.Conclusion: The results of two types of measurements, one at the center and the other at the window side of the laboratory, were presented. By applying a simplified model, radiation from radioactive isotopes with short and long half-lives was identified. Based on these results, future trends were predicted, and the information was used for public communication with the local residents.
Numerical simulation of fluid flow in microchannels with induced irregularities
Authors: Chaudhari Pranava , Kapoor Ashish , Awasthi Yashraj , Thakur Amit K. , Kumar Rahul
Published: October 2023

Microchannels are small-scale channels with unique properties that make them useful in various fields, such as electronics, biomedical engineering, and chemical engineering. This research paper investigates the effect of microchannel geometry on fluid flow behavior at different values of the Reynolds number. A rectangular microchannel with a pattern of obstructions and water as the working fluid was used in this study. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations were used to investigate the impact of different channel geometrical configurations and different values of the Reynolds number on fluid flow behavior. The results showed that the channel geometrical configuration and the Reynolds number significantly affect fluid flow behavior. A geometry with increasing obstruction heights led to higher values of pressure drop than the geometry with decreasing obstruction heights. This study provides valuable insights into microchannel flow behavior and can be used for the development of optimized microchannel designs for diverse applications.
Linear maps preserving equivalence or asymptotic equivalence on Banach space
Authors: Qin Zijie , Chen Lin
Published: October 2023

Let

X

X

be a complex Banach space with dimension at least two and

B

(

X

)

B\left(X)

the algebra of all bounded linear operators on

X

X

. We show that a bijective linear map

Φ

\Phi

preserves asymptotic equivalence if and only if it preserves equivalence, and in turn, if and only if there exist invertible bounded linear operators

T

T

and

S

S

such that either

Φ

(

A

)

=
T
A
S

\Phi \left(A)=TAS

or

Φ

(

A

)

=
T

A

*

S

\Phi \left(A)=T{A}^{* }S

for all

A
∈
B

(

X

)

A\in B\left(X)

.
Crystal structure of 2-amino-4-(2-fluoro-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-9-methoxy-1,4,5,6-tetrahydrobenzo[h]quinazolin-3-ium chloride, C20H18ClF4N3O
Authors: Yu Lu , Meng Qing-Guo , Hou Gui-Ge , Liu Yong-Jun , Geng Zi-Kai
Published: October 2023

C20H18ClF4N3O, orthorhombic, Pbca (no. 61), a = 12.5254(4) Å, b = 12.6845(5) Å, c = 24.1490(11) Å, V = 3836.8(3) Å3, Z = 8, R

gt
(F) = 0.0485, wR

ref
(F
2) = 0.1343, T = 293 K.
Identity, migration, and social media: Generation Z in USMCA
Authors: Alvarez-Macias Diana L. , Villafranca Alfredo , Villafranca Carmen
Published: October 2023

Purpose

This research analyzes national identity representations held by Generation Z youth living in the United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement (USMCA) countries. In addition, it aims to identify the information on these issues that they are exposed to through social media.

Methods

A qualitative approach carried out through in-depth interviews was selected for the study. The objective is to reconstruct social meaning and the social representation system. The constant comparative method was used for the information analysis, backed by the NVivo program.

Findings

National identity perceptions of the adolescents interviewed are positive in terms of their own groups, very favorable regarding Canadians, and unfavorable vis-à-vis Americans. Furthermore, the interviewees agreed that social media have influenced their desire to travel or migrate, and if considering migrating, they have also provided advice as to which country they might go to. On another point, Mexicans are quite familiar with the Treaty; Americans are split between those who know something about it and those who have no information whatsoever; whereas Canadians know nothing about it. This reflects a possible way to improve information generated and spread by social media.

Practical implications

The results could improve our understanding of how young people interpret the information circulating in social media and what representations are constructed about national identities. We believe this research can be replicated in other countries.

Social implications

We might consider that the representations Generation Z has about the national identities of these three countries and what it means to migrate could have an impact on the democratic life of each nation and, in turn, on the relationship among the three USMCA partners.

Originality/value

As one of the few studies carried out on USMCA national identities and by qualitatively exploring the representations that Generation Zers have about them, it may provide information that could contribute to expanding understanding among the citizens of the region.
Co-writing journalism on TikTok: media legitimacy and edutainment communities
Authors: Bolz Lisa
Published: October 2023

By combining traditional practices and the codes of TikTok, news media on TikTok provide journalistic news targeting in particular the so-called “Generation Z.” Short and often playful videos represent a new journalistic discourse that links journalistic information to TikTok culture. With the emergence of journalism on TikTok, news media have to negotiate and justify their authority on this digital social network and have to explain how journalism works. Journalists on TikTok are thus also providing media education, by showing manifestations of journalism or by justifying that the newspapers deserve to be TikTok-certified. Media adapt the content and the nature of their videos to TikTok, for example, by participating in viral trends, by publishing videos that affect the lives of young Internet users, or by telling information with a humorous angle. Through the different ways of interacting, media manage to include Internet users in the news production and to show the media community.
High-frequency, high-intensity transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation compared with opioids for pain relief after gynecological surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Piasecki Adam , Ögren Cecilia , Thörn Sven-Egron , Olausson Alexander , Svensson Carl Johan , Platon Birgitta , Wolf Axel , Andréll Paulin
Published: October 2023

Objectives

Opioids are important for postoperative analgesia but their use can be associated with numerous side effects. Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) has been used for acute pain treatment and has dose-dependent analgesic effects, and therefore presents an alternative to intravenous (iv) opioids for postoperative pain relief. The aim of this meta-analysis was to compare high-frequency, high-intensity (HFHI or intense) TENS to iv opioids with regard to postoperative pain intensity, recovery time in the Post Anesthesia Care Unit (PACU) and opioid consumption after elective gynecological surgery.

Methods

We searched Medline, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane, Amed and Cinahl for RCTs and quasi-experimental studies (2010–2022), and WHO and ClinicalTrials.gov for ongoing/unpublished studies. Meta-analysis and subsequent Trial Sequential Analysis (TSA) was performed for all stated outcomes. Quality of evidence was assessed according to GRADE.

Results

Only three RCTs met the inclusion criteria (362 participants). The surgical procedures involved surgical abortion, gynecologic laparoscopy and hysteroscopy. The applied TENS frequency was 80 Hz and intensity 40–60 mA. There was no difference in pain intensity according to Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) at discharge from PACU between the TENS and opioid group (MD VAS −0.15, 95 % CI −0.38 to 0.09) (moderate level of evidence). Time in PACU was significantly shorter in the TENS group (MD −15.2, 95 % −22.75 to −7.67), and this finding was manifested by TSA (high-level of evidence). Opioid consumption in PACU was lower in the TENS group (MD Morphine equivalents per patient mg −3.42, 95 % −4.67 to −2.17) (high-level of evidence).

Conclusions

There was no detectable difference in postoperative pain relief between HFHI TENS and iv opioids after gynecological surgery. Moreover, HFHI TENS decreases recovery time and opioid consumption in PACU. HFHI TENS may be considered an opioid-sparing alternative for postoperative pain relief after gynecological surgery.

Systematic review registration

PROSPERO CRD42021231048.
What is a village? Agroscapes, collective action and medieval villages in northern Iberia
Authors: Castillo Juan Antonio Quirós , Narbarte Josu , Iriarte Eneko
Published: October 2023

Why, how and when villages emerged across medieval Europe are enduring questions for archaeologists and historians because of the wider social and economic transformations implied—and because many of these settlements persist to the present day. Most archaeological investigations have focused on the nucleated centres of these communities; here, instead, the authors examine the role of agroscapes. Focusing on an agricultural area near the village of Tobillas, changes in soil chemistry are used to document the creation and maintenance of common fields attesting to collective agrarian practice pre-dating the foundation of the medieval village. Reversing the accepted narrative, the authors argue it was these pre-existing agrarian communities who coalesced to constitute villages such as Tobillas.
Testing and Evaluation of Buckling and Tensile Performance of Glass Fiber–Reinforced Polymer Angle Section with Different Joints/Connections
Authors: Ravikumar Krishnasamy , Singaram Christian Johnson , Palanichamy Saravanakumar , Rajendran Mohanraj
Published: October 2023

The aim of this paper is to investigate the crushing and tensile performance of built-up glass fiber–reinforced polymer (GFRP) pultruded angle sections under compression and tension loads. For the compression test, two GFRP angle sections of size 50 × 50 × 6 mm were selected and maintained the e/d ratio of 5. GFRP angle sections were connected by two-bolt, three-bolt, four-bolt, adhesive, hybrid two-bolt, hybrid three-bolt, and hybrid four-bolt connections. For the tension test, single-lap joint and single-bolt connections were considered. The tension test is performed by angle-to-angle connection with an e/d ratio of 5. Also, the joints were connected by single-bolt connection, hybrid single-bolt with local glue, and hybrid single-bolt with epoxy connection. Based on the studies, the best joint and connection were considered, and a transmission line tower with various connections is modeled and proposed using ANSYS.
Axonal Transport of Lysosomes Is Unaffected in Glucocerebrosidase-Inhibited iPSC-Derived Forebrain Neurons
Authors: Keefe A. J. , Gabrych D. R. , Zhu Y. , Vocadlo D. J. , Silverman M. A.
Published: October 2023

Lysosomes are acidic organelles that traffic throughout neurons delivering catabolic enzymes to distal regions of the cell and maintaining degradative demands. Loss of function mutations in the geneGBAencoding the lysosomal enzyme glucocerebrosidase (GCase) cause the lysosomal storage disorder Gaucher’s disease (GD) and are the most common genetic risk factor for synucleinopathies like Parkinson’s disease (PD) and dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB). GCase degrades the membrane lipid glucosylceramide (GlcCer) and mutations inGBA, or inhibiting its activity, results in the accumulation of GlcCer and disturbs the composition of the lysosomal membrane. The lysosomal membrane serves as the platform to which intracellular trafficking complexes are recruited and activated. Here, we investigated whether lysosomal trafficking in axons was altered by inhibition of GCase with the pharmacological agent Conduritol B Epoxide (CBE). Using live cell imaging in human male induced pluripotent human stem cell (iPSC)-derived forebrain neurons, we demonstrated that lysosomal transport was similar in both control and CBE-treated neurons. Furthermore, we tested whether lysosomal rupture, a process implicated in various neurodegenerative disorders, was affected by inhibition of GCase. Using L-leucyl-L-leucine methyl ester (LLoME) to induce lysosomal membrane damage and immunocytochemical staining for markers of lysosomal rupture, we found no difference in susceptibility to rupture between control and CBE-treated neurons. These results suggest the loss of GCase activity does not contribute to neurodegenerative disease by disrupting either lysosomal transport or rupture.
A Roadmap for Future Interactions Between Research on Personality and Learning
Authors: De Houwer Jan , Perugini Marco , Boddez Yannick , Sava Florin
Published: October 2023

In this introduction to the special collection of papers on the relation between learning and personality research, we provide a functional-cognitive framework that can guide interactions between learning and personality researchers. It highlights that learning researchers can treat personality variables as potential (first or second order) moderators of learning effects. They can also examine whether the effects of personality on learning itself depend on other moderators. Personality researchers can benefit from looking for stable individual differences in known learning effects. Together with learning researchers, they can analyze personality as learned and thus malleable behavior. We end by summarizing the papers of the special collection and by situating them within our framework.
Gestión ganadera durante la Edad del Bronce Medio y Final en Mallorca (Islas Baleares). El caso del poblado de Els Closos de Ca’n Gaià
Authors: Valenzuela-Suau Lua , Valenzuela-Lamas Sílvia , Salvà Bartomeu , Fornés Joan , Javaloyas David , Oliver Llorenç , Rivals Florent , Bosch Delphine
Published: October 2023

En las últimas décadas ha habido un aumento exponencial de los métodos analíticos aplicados en arqueozoología. En este trabajo se presentan los resultados del estudio faunístico realizado en el poblado de la Edad del Bronce Balear o Bronce Naviforme (ca. 1600-850 BC) de Els Closos de Ca’n Gaià (Felanitx, Mallorca), donde se han analizado los restos procedentes de dos estructuras con funcionalidades distintas. El objetivo principal de este estudio es aportar información sobre la ganadería y la explotación de los recursos animales de la sociedad naviforme. Para ello, se ha llevado a cabo un análisis multiproxy de los restos de fauna, combinando el estudio arqueozoológico “tradicional” con el estudio de la dieta de los caprinos domésticos a través del microdesgaste dental y las áreas de captación del ganado a través de los isótopos de estroncio (87Sr/86Sr). Este análisis multiproxy sugiere la existencia de diferencias significativas en la composición de la cabaña ganadera en las dos estructuras analizadas, donde el consumo doméstico estaría centrado en la ingesta de ovejas y cabras jóvenes. Por otra parte, la combinación de los resultados del estudio de la dieta y las áreas de captación del ganado caprino junto con otros datos bioarqueológicos disponibles sugiere que el ganado consumido era mayoritariamente de origen local, y que se alimentaría de la vegetación disponible en zonas cercanas al yacimiento.
Drivers Keeping Civil-Military Relations in Equilibrium in Malawi: A Quantitative Approach
Authors: Chazema Thokozani Andrew , Tembo Mavuto , Mphande Chrispin , Kerr Robert , Nalivata Courtney , Nundwe Vincent , Kumwenda David
Published: October 2023

This study examined the factors that keep civil-military relations in equilibrium in Malawi. A quantitative approach was used in descriptive and explanatory research designs. The response variable of the study is the military as a fulcrum of civil-military relations. Eight explanatory variables; merit-based promotions, merit-based appointments, joint training and education between the military, citizenry and government officials, representational recruitment, reforms of the military institution, specialisation of the key civil-military relations players on defence matters, professionalization through professional military education and delivery of public goods and services were identified and responded to by civilians, the military, elected authorities, civil authorities and the judiciary. The structured questionnaire survey was used to collect data. Cronbach’s alpha technique was used to test the instrument’s reliability. The data was analysed using descriptive statistics and multiple regression in SPSS version 20. The results revealed that all eight explanatory variables have a significant positive impact on keeping civil-military relations in equilibrium in Malawi. The study found that the contribution of the factors varied in influence. Delivery of public goods and services had more influence, seconded by merit-based promotions and joint training and specialisation on defence matters being the least influential variables of the military as a fulcrum of civil-military relations and a precondition for democratisation. Further research is recommended to assess the roles of the key civil-military relations players in Malawi.
Constructing A Scale Based on Dramatic Representation of The Sociological and Psychological Skills of Students with Autism Spectrum Disorders and Verifying Its Psychometric Properties
Authors: Friehat Halaa Abdalmohde Hssien , Fraihat Nesreen Bassam , Alhenawi Esraa , Alkisbeh Esraa Mahmoud Abdeljalil
Published: October 2023

The current study aimed to construct a measure based on dramatization of the sociological and psychological skills of students with autism spectrum disorders, in light of the variables of gender and group (experimental and control), and to verify its psychometric characteristics. The sample of the study consisted of (50) male and female students with autism spectrum disorders who were selected in a simple random manner. The sample was distributed into two groups. The experimental group amounted to (25), and the control group amounted to (25). The results of the study showed that there were statistically significant differences at the significance level (? ? 0.05) in the students’ performance on the immediate post-measurement in favor of the experimental group, and there were no statistically significant differences at the significance level (? ? 0.05). ? ? 0.05) in the students' performance of the sociological and psychological skills between the two measurements; The immediate and post-deferred dimensions of the experimental group, which gives an indication of the effectiveness of the scale of the sociological skills of students with autism spectrum disorders, and the current study, based on several indicators extracted from the SPSS program, concluded that the scale of the current study was judged with honesty in data representation, as well as with a high level of stability.
Review on Medicinal plant Phyllanthus Niruri and its Effects
Authors: . Rithikha , S Yokesh , S Aravindan , K Maha swetha , G Gokul raj , C Divya , S Harish kannan , P Praveen kumar , T Udhaya kumar , D Aslakkhan. , R Lokeshvar , D Mahalakshmi
Published: October 2023

This review article focuses on the widely used Phyllanthus Niruri, which is also called as ‘keezhanelli’ in Tamil and belongs to the group of family called “Euphorbiaceae”, which is specially grown in regions of ‘India, Sri Lanka, Indonesia, and other tropical areas’. The leaves of the medicinal plant are used substantially in Ayurveda and native medicine to cure various diseases such as ‘liver damage, hepatitis, jaundice, renal disorders, enteritis, diarrhoea, and dropsy’. It discusses the wide variety of phytochemical properties, pharmacological properties, anti-malarial reactions, anti-cancer reactions, anti-platelet reactions, and antimicrobial reactions. The parts of those plants have many active phytochemicals.
Percepción del profesorado con respecto de los cambios académicos a raíz de la emergencia sanitaria por la COVID-19: El caso de la Universidad Estatal a Distancia de Costa Rica
Authors: Campos Céspedes Jensy , Cascante Ramírez Jinny , Sequeira Salazar Rónald , Berrocal Carvajal Viviana , Bejarano Salazar Ana Gabriela , Madriz Bermúdez Linda
Published: October 2023

Esta investigación describe algunas de las estrategias implementadas por las personas docentes de la UNED (Costa Rica) en respuesta a la emergencia sanitaria por COVID-19. Es un estudio cuantitativo desarrollado bajo un diseño descriptivo, en el que se aplicó un cuestionario en Lime Survey© a 148 sujetos voluntarios. Sus objetivos son valorar las acciones surgidas como medidas preventivas, los cambios en procesos académicos a raíz de las acciones tomadas y la percepción del profesorado acerca de los cambios implementados. Los resultados permiten estudiar la reorganización del proceso educativo, que implica, entre otros esfuerzos, un acompañamiento en la digitalización de las pruebas escritas, la elaboración de actividades sincrónicas efectivas y la optimización de los tiempos de respuesta para su seguimiento. Es importante indicar que probablemente muchos de estos cambios se seguirán dando en la práctica cotidiana y deberán ser parte de la formación del profesorado en el uso y aplicación de recursos en línea. El artículo es producto del estudio denominado “Percepción del profesorado de la UNED ante los cambios producidos por las medidas de contingencia a raíz de la emergencia sanitaria por la COVID-19”, realizado en la UNED de Costa Rica.
Estrategias de aprendizaje y pensamiento creativo en estudiantes universitarios durante el confinamiento por la pandemia COVID-19
Authors: Cáceres Angulo Rocio Edith
Published: October 2023

Las estrategias de aprendizaje son un tema de creciente interés y no solo porque las nuevas corrientes pedagógicas enfatizan en ellas. Desde hace dos años han sido los estudiantes universitarios quienes no solo aplicaron varias de estas, sino que las recrearon de acuerdo a sus necesidades y contextos con lo que el pensamiento creativo consiguió una renovada vigencia. Por ese motivo, el objetivo de esta investigación fue determinar la relación entre estrategias de aprendizaje y pensamiento creativo durante el confinamiento causado por la pandemia de COVID-19. El estudio tuvo un diseño correlacional transversal y participaron 175 estudiantes quienes respondieron a dos cuestionarios. Los resultados evidencian una relación estadísticamente alta entre las estrategias de aprendizaje y el pensamiento creativo y también con cada una de las dimensiones de la segunda variable. Se concluyó que quienes desarrollen más su capacidad de identificar la estrategia más pertinente ante un problema, tendrán un mayor grado de desarrollo para crear o recrear las ya existentes. Por lo tanto, es indispensable garantizar las condiciones básicas para implementar dichas estrategias y promover la creatividad durante el proceso educativo.
The Impact of Green Climate Fund Portfolio Structure on Green Finance: Empirical Evidence from EU Countries
Authors: Mohsin Muhammad , Dilanchiev Azer , Umair Muhammad
Published: October 2023

The financing sector drives the Future of Environmental Funds to achieve climate financing. In this study, we have employed panel regression analysis and the generalized two-step moment method (GMM) for the 25 EU countries from 2000 to 2021 to explore the relationship between green financing and the portfolio structure of green climate funds. According to the findings of this research, green financing significantly impacts quality economic growth. The GCFs enhance the capacity to channel public and private funding while contributing to de-risking more conventional forms of funding, increasing climate financing, and boosting the GCFs. In addition, the study concluded that Global Climate Support might fund nonbankable components of more significant “almost bankable projects” by analyzing the portfolio’s policies and methods.
Pustakawan di Era New Normal
Authors: Rahmawati Laila
Published: October 2023

Pandemi COVID-19 yang merebak sejak hampir dua tahun ini telah mengubah tatanan kehidupan dari berbagai lini, mulai dari sosial, ekonomi, budaya, pendidikan dan lainnya. Perpustakaan pun turut terkena dampak dari wabah ini. Demi mencegah rantai penyebaran COVID-19, diberlakukan Pembatasan Sosial Berskala Besar (PSBB), kemudian dilanjutkan kebijakan dalam Tatanan Normal Baru (New Normal), kebijakan tersebut turut mengubah pola layanan perpustakaan. Hal tersebut menjadi suatu tantangan tersendiri bagi lembaga pengelola informasi seperti perpustakaan dan bagi pustakawan selaku pengelola informasi. Pustakawan harus terus meningkatkan pengetahuan dan keterampilan sebagai bentuk adaptasi terhadap berbagai perubahan dan perkembangan tersebut.
Proses Pencarian Informasi Mahasiswa Ilmu Perpustakaan Uin Jakarta Yang Menerapkan Sistem Pembelajaran Hybrid Selama Masa Post-Pandemi
Authors: Istiqoriyah Lilik , Nepriani Lala Indah , Luthfiyyah Fahimah , Asri Anin Dwi , Al Aziz M. Farhan , Febriyanti Nur Alisa , Ismail Agung
Published: October 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui proses pencarian informasi mahasiswa Ilmu Perpustakaan UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta yang menerapkan sistem pembelajaran hybrid selama masa post-pandemi, baik untuk mengerjakan tugas-tugas perkuliahan mereka, penunjang dalam memenuhi kebutuhan informasi mengenai mata kuliah mereka maupun informasi umum. Riset dilakukan berdasarkan teori Information Search Process dari Kuhlthau. Dengan metode kualitatif, dilakukan  studi pustaka dan wawancara.  Diketahui bahwa informan dalam proses pencarian informasi berkaitan dengan 3 aspek psikologi yakni perasaan, pikiran dan kegiatan yang dilakukan, mulai dari tahap inisiasi, seleksi, eksplorasi, formulasi, koleksi, hingga tahap presentasi.  Diketahui bahwa pencarian informasi pada masa post pandemi masih lebih banyak dilakukan ke platform online dibandingkan ke koleksi perpustakaan konvensional. Pencarian informasi dimulai dari kesadaran atas kesenjangan informasi dan rasa ragu, khususnya menyangkut tugas yang belum jelas, hingga mencapai rasa percaya diri dan puas setelah menemukan informasi yang tepat. Pada aspek pikiran di awal proses informan mendapatkan informasi yang umum, lalu berangsur menjadi informasi yang menarik dan semakin fokus. Selanjunya pada aspek kegiatan mereka memulai dengan mencari latar belakang kebutuhan informasi, hingga mampu mencari informasi yang relevan dan terfokus.
„Unregierbar gemacht?“
Authors: Polat Nurhak
Published: October 2023

In diesem Artikel stehen die Wechselwirkungen zwischen einer autoritären Präsidialregierung und dem Management von Pandemiedaten im Fokus. Ein besonderes Augenmerk liegt auf der Analyse der Datenpolitiken in diesem autoritären Kontext unter Einsatz von Hayat Eve Sığar (HES), dem türkischen Kontaktverfolgungs- und Proximitysystem sowie der dazugehörigen Anwendung. Ethnografisch werden die komplexen und sich ständig verändernden Landschaften viraler Daten erkundet. In diesem Zusammenhang wird verdeutlicht, wie die Frage der (Un-)Regierbarkeit inmitten der Pandemie durch die politische Gestaltung und Nutzung von Daten wahrgenommen, verhandelt und herausgefordert wird. Mit einem speziellen Fokus auf autoritäre Geflechte trägt dieser Beitrag zur Analyse von Datenpolitiken in digitalen, datengesättigten Gesellschaften bei. Autoritäre Geflechte, so das Argument, formen sich in Zeiten von Krisen wie der viralen Pandemie flexibel neu. Diese wirken subtil und schleichend auf die Machtverhältnisse im Zusammenhang mit Daten ein und beeinflussen die datenpolitischen Auseinandersetzungen, bleiben jedoch oft im Verborgenen.
An analysis of intelligence in a 32-lingual man
Authors: Dudka Mateusz Jan
Published: October 2023

The presented case study is a description of the specifics of functioning of a 69-year-old man who learned 31 foreign languages over a period of nine years. Previous research focused on personality traits, temperament and the level of development of executive functions in the context of learning multiple foreign languages. The purpose of the analysis was to determine the man’s level of cognitive functioning. The following three research tools were used in this project: Cattell Culture Fair Intelligence Test (CFT-20-R), the Word Comprehension Test in the Advanced Version (Test rozumienia słów, wersja dla zaawansowanych, TRS-Z), and the Montreal Cognitive Assessment score (MoCA). The results obtained indicate a very high level of fluid and crystallised intelligence; however, the MoCA scores fell within the lower limit of normal, suggesting deficits in delayed verbal and auditory memory. Based on the data collected, it can be concluded that the man’s level of intelligence (fluid and crystallised) was the base for the development of his outstanding linguistic abilities. The issues related to the learning of verbal and non-verbal material remain unclear.