bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Predictive value of a constructed artificial neural network model for microvascular invasion in hepatocellular carcinoma: A retrospective study
Authors: Nong Hai-Yang , Cen Yong-Yi , Lu Shan-Jin , Huang Rui-Sui , Chen Qiong , Huang Li-Feng , Huang Jian-Ning , Wei Xue , Liu Man-Rong , Li Lin , Ding Ke
Published: December 2024

BACKGROUND

Microvascular invasion (MVI) is a significant risk factor for recurrence and metastasis following hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) surgery. Currently, there is a paucity of preoperative evaluation approaches for MVI.

AIM

To investigate the predictive value of texture features and radiological signs based on multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging in the non-invasive preoperative prediction of MVI in HCC.

METHODS

Clinical data from 97 HCC patients were retrospectively collected from January 2019 to July 2022 at our hospital. Patients were classified into two groups: MVI-positive (n = 57) and MVI-negative (n = 40), based on postoperative pathological results. The correlation between relevant radiological signs and MVI status was analyzed. MaZda4.6 software and the mutual information method were employed to identify the top 10 dominant texture features, which were combined with radiological signs to construct artificial neural network (ANN) models for MVI prediction. The predictive performance of the ANN models was evaluated using area under the curve, sensitivity, and specificity. ANN models with relatively high predictive performance were screened using the DeLong test, and the regression model of multilayer feedforward ANN with backpropagation and error backpropagation learning method was used to evaluate the models’ stability.

RESULTS

The absence of a pseudocapsule, an incomplete pseudocapsule, and the presence of tumor blood vessels were identified as independent predictors of HCC MVI. The ANN model constructed using the dominant features of the combined group (pseudocapsule status + tumor blood vessels + arterial phase + venous phase) demonstrated the best predictive performance for MVI status and was found to be automated, highly operable, and very stable.

CONCLUSION

The ANN model constructed using the dominant features of the combined group can be recommended as a non-invasive method for preoperative prediction of HCC MVI status.
Dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase polymorphisms in patients with gastrointestinal malignancies and their impact on fluoropyrimidine tolerability: Experience from a single Italian institution
Authors: D'Amato Mariarosaria , Iengo Gennaro , Massa Nicola , Carlomagno Chiara
Published: December 2024

BACKGROUND

Fluoropyrimidines are metabolized in the liver by the enzyme dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPD), encoded by the DPYD gene. About 7% of the European population is a carrier of DPYD gene polymorphisms associated with reduced DPD enzyme activity.

AIM

To assess the prevalence of DPYD polymorphisms and their impact on fluoropyrimidine tolerability in Italian patients with gastrointestinal malignancies.

METHODS

A total of 300 consecutive patients with a diagnosis of gastrointestinal malignancy and treated with a fluoropyrimidine-based regimen were included in the analysis and divided into two cohorts: (1) 149 patients who started fluoropyrimidines after DPYD testing; and (2) 151 patients treated without DPYD testing. Among the patients in cohort A, 15% tested only the DPYD2A polymorphism, 19% tested four polymorphisms (DPYD 2A, HapB3, c.2846A>T, and DPYD 13), and 66% tested five polymorphisms including DPYD 6.

RESULTS

Overall, 14.8% of patients were found to be carriers of a DPYD variant, the most common being DPYD 6 (12.1%). Patients in cohort A reported ≥ G3 toxicities (P = 0.00098), particularly fewer nonhematological toxicities (P = 0.0028) compared with cohort B, whereas there was no statistically significant difference between the two cohorts in hematological toxicities (P = 0.6944). Significantly fewer chemotherapy dose reductions (P = 0.00002) were observed in cohort A compared to cohort B, whereas there was no statistically significant differences in chemotherapy delay.

CONCLUSION

Although this study had a limited sample size, it provides additional information on the prevalence of DPYD polymorphisms in the Italian population and highlights the role of pharmacogenetic testing to prevent severe toxicity.
Pretreatment red blood cell distribution width as a predictive marker for postoperative complications after laparoscopic pancreatoduodenectomy
Authors: Cao Xian-Rang , Xu Yin-Long , Chai Jia-Wei , Zheng Kai , Kong Jun-Jie , Liu Jun , Zheng Shun-Zhen
Published: December 2024

BACKGROUND

Red blood cell distribution width (RDW) is associated with the development and progression of various diseases.

AIM

To explore the association between pretreatment RDW and short-term outcomes after laparoscopic pancreatoduodenectomy (LPD).

METHODS

A total of 804 consecutive patients who underwent LPD at our hospital between March 2017 and November 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. Correlations between pretreatment RDW and clinicopathological characteristics and short-term outcomes were investigated.

RESULTS

Patients with higher pretreatment RDW were older, had higher Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group scores and were associated with poorer short-term outcomes than those with normal RDW. High pretreatment RDW was an independent risk factor for postoperative complications (POCs) (hazard ratio = 2.973, 95% confidence interval: 2.032-4.350, P < 0.001) and severe POCs of grade IIIa or higher (hazard ratio = 3.138, 95% confidence interval: 2.042-4.824, P < 0.001) based on the Clavien-Dino classification system. Subgroup analysis showed that high pretreatment RDW was an independent risk factor for Clavien-Dino classification grade IIIb or higher POCs, a comprehensive complication index score ≥ 26.2, severe postoperative pancreatic fistula, severe bile leakage and severe hemorrhage. High pretreatment RDW was positively associated with the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio and was negatively associated with albumin and the prognostic nutritional index.

CONCLUSION

Pretreatment RDW was a special parameter for patients who underwent LPD. It was associated with malnutrition, severe inflammatory status and poorer short-term outcomes. RDW could be a surrogate marker for nutritional and inflammatory status in identifying patients who were at high risk of developing POCs after LPD.
Coagulation indices and fibrinogen degradation products as predictive biomarkers for tumor-node-metastasis staging and metastasis in gastric cancer
Authors: Shen Yi-Qing , Wei Qiu-Wan , Tian Yi-Ren , Ling Yun-Zhi , Zhang Min
Published: December 2024

BACKGROUND

Gastric cancer (GC) is a prevalent malignancy with a substantial health burden and high mortality rate, despite advances in prevention, early detection, and treatment. Compared with the global average, Asia, notably China, reports disproportionately high GC incidences. The disease often progresses asymptomatically in the early stages, leading to delayed diagnosis and compromised outcomes. Thus, it is crucial to identify early diagnostic biomarkers and enhance treatment strategies to improve patient outcomes and reduce mortality.

AIM

To investigate coagulation and fibrinogen products in GC tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) stage and metastasis correlation.

METHODS

Retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 148 patients with GC treated at the Civil Aviation Shanghai Hospital between December 2022 and December 2023. The associations of coagulation indices - partial thromboplastin time (APTT), prothrombin time (PT), thrombin time (TT), fibrinogen, fibrinogen degradation products (FDP), fasting blood glucose, and D-dimer (D-D) with TNM stage and distant metastasis were examined.

RESULTS

Prolongation of APTT, PT, and TT was significantly correlated with the GC TNM stage. Hence, abnormal coagulation system activation was closely related to disease progression. Elevated FDP and D-D were significantly associated with distant metastasis in GC (P < 0.05), suggesting that increased fibrinolytic activity contributes to increased metastatic risk.

CONCLUSION

Our Results reveal coagulation indices, FDPs as GC biomarkers, reflecting abnormal coagulation/fibrinolysis, aiding disease progression, metastasis prediction, and helping clinicians assess thrombotic risk for early intervention and personalized treatment plans.
Gallbladder carcinoma in the era of artificial intelligence: Early diagnosis for better treatment
Authors: Burud Ismail AS , Elhariri Sherreen , Eid Nabil
Published: December 2024

Gallbladder carcinoma (GBC) is the most common malignant tumor of biliary tract, with poor prognosis due to its aggressive nature and limited therapeutic options. Early detection of GBC is a major challenge, with most GBCs being detected accidentally during cholecystectomy procedures for gallbladder stones. This letter comments on the recent article by Deqing et al in the World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology , which summarized the various current methods used in early diagnosis of GBC, including endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) examination of the gallbladder for high-risk GBC patients, and the use of EUS-guided elastography, contrast-enhanced EUS, trans-papillary biopsy, natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery, magnifying endoscopy, choledochoscopy, and confocal laser endomicroscopy when necessary for early diagnosis of GBC. However, there is a need for novel methods for early GBC diagnosis, such as the use of artificial intelligence and non-coding RNA biomarkers for improved screening protocols. Additionally, the use of in vitro and animal models may provide critical insights for advancing early detection and treatment strategies of this aggressive tumor.
Extended 72-hour patency capsule protocol improves functional patency rates in high-risk patients undergoing capsule endoscopy
Authors: O'Hara Fintan John , Costigan Conor , McNamara Deirdre
Published: December 2024

BACKGROUND

Capsule endoscopy (CE) is a pivotal diagnostic tool for gastrointestinal (GI) disorders, yet capsule retention poses a significant risk, especially in patients with known risk factors. The patency capsule (PC) helps assess the functional patency of the GI tract to mitigate this risk. However, the standard 28-hour protocol for confirming patency often results in high false-positive rates, unnecessarily excluding many patients from undergoing diagnostic CE.

AIM

To investigate the use of a 72-hour extended patency protocol to improve functional patency rates in patients at risk of capsule retention.

METHODS

We performed a prospective, open-label study evaluating an extended 72-hour protocol for confirming functional patency with the PC. Conducted over six months, 135 patients with risk factors for capsule retention were enrolled. The primary endpoint was the capsule retention rate in patients with confirmed functional patency. Secondary endpoints included the rates of confirmed patency via self-reporting or radiology, small bowel transit times, and adverse events.

RESULTS

Functional patency was confirmed in 48.9% (n = 66) of patients within 28 hours, with an additional 17.4% (n = 12) confirmed within 72 hours, increasing the overall patency rate to 57.8%. There was no significant difference in small bowel transit time between patients confirmed for patency at 28 hours vs those confirmed at 72 hours. Importantly, no capsule retention was observed in patients who were confirmed for patency under the extended protocol. Notably, 50% (n = 39) of patients who proceeded to CE had clinically significant findings.

CONCLUSION

Extending the patency assessment protocol to 72 hours significantly improves the rate of confirmed functional patency without increasing the risk of capsule retention. This protocol is safe, effective, and cost-neutral, allowing more patients to benefit from CE. Further studies are recommended to refine the protocol and enhance its clinical utility.
Teaching Practice Handbook for Pre-Service English Teacher Education
Authors: Burazer Lara , Skela Janez
Published: December 2024

Teaching Practice Handbook is an essential training guide for use during teaching practice placement, one of the requirements for students enrolled in the pedagogical track at the English Department, Faculty of Arts, University of Ljubljana. The main purpose of a teaching practicum is to give students experience in teaching. As student-teachers, they will practise planning and delivering content, engaging students in the learning process, and reflecting on their teaching experi­ence. Accordingly, the teaching practicum design is largely set in the principles of the teacher as a ‘reflective practitioner’ – someone who reflects on the practice of their profession as a way of developing their expertise in it. As such, this approach can pro­vide a coherent framework that links theory and practice.
Hubungan Asupan Fe dan Kualitas Tidur dengan Kejadian Anemia pada Remaja Putri di SMAN 2 Wawotobi Kabupaten Konawe
Authors: Kalsum Umi , Mayangsari Riska , Demmalewa Jenny Qlifianti
Published: December 2024

Anemia is the most common nutritional problem throughout the world, especially in developing countries. Surveys from various countries show that the prevalence of anemia ranges from 32% -55%. This study aims to understand the relationship between Fe consumption and sleep quality with the incidence of anemia in adolescent girls at Wawotobi 2 Public High School Konawe District. The study was conducted with a cross sectional design with a quantitative approach, there were 32 samples. The sampling technique uses saturated samples. The results of this study indicate that there is no relationship between Fe consumption with the incidence of anemia in adolescents in Wawotobi 2 High School with a p value of r=-0,313  and there is no relationship between sleep quality with the incidence of anemia in adolescent girls in Wawotobi 2 High School with a value of p value 0,102 ˂α (0,05).
Kejadian ISPA dan Status Gizi Balita pada Keluarga Perokok di Desa Andabia Kecamatan Anggaberi Kabupaten Konawe
Authors: Fitri Nesya Desrianti , Ananda Siti Hadrayanti , Ihsan M Habib , Dhesa Desiderius Bela , Abadi Ellyani
Published: December 2024

Acute Respiratory Infection is an infectious disease of the upper and lower respiratory tract caused by bacteria or viruses enters the respiratory system, causing symptoms like a cough, runny nose, hoarseness, and fever. and mucus discharge for less than 14 days. The problem of nutrition is essentially a public health problem whose handling cannot be done by approaching medical services and health services alone. The causes of nutritional problems are multifactorial, so they must involve various related sectors. Despite the fact that smoking can reduce morbidity and mortality, it remains a public health issue. In addition to leading to mortality and morbidity. This type of research is descriptive research. Descriptive research is research with a method to describe a research result. The Simple Random Sampling method was used to collect the sample for this study. Univariate data were obtained in the form of sex, weight/age, and number of smokers.
Hubungan Pengetahuan Ibu Dalam Memberikan MP-ASI dengan Kejadian Diare pada Balita Usia 6-24 Bulan di Puskesmas Iwoimendaa
Authors: Dasmia Dasmia , Saehu Muh. Syaiful , Romantika I Wayan
Published: December 2024

Diarrhea is a crucial child problem in the world, which is the cause of around 8% of all deaths of children under 5 years. Many factors are thought to be the cause of diarrhea, one of which is the provision of inappropriate complementary foods. Related to this, mother's knowledge is an important factor in the process of giving complementary breastfeeding. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between mother's knowledge in giving complementary breastfeeding and the incidence of diarrhea in toddlers aged 6-24 months at the Iwoimendaa Health Center. This study used a cross-sectional study design with a total sample of 30 mothers of toddlers aged 6-24 months. The research data were analyzed using the fisher's exact test. The research results show that the p-value = 0.467 > α means that there is no relationship between the mother's knowledge in giving complementary breastfeeding and the incidence of diarrhea in toddlers aged 6-24 months at the Iwoimendaa primary health care.
Analisis Penerapan Hygiene Sanitasi pada Penyelenggaraan Makanan di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Konawe Kepulauan
Authors: Fajarwati Novita , Abadi Ellyani , Ihsan M Habib , Demmalewa Jenny Qlifianti , Dhesa Desiderius Bela , Ananda Siti Hadrayanti , Fatmawati Fatmawati
Published: December 2024

Organizing food according to the principles of hygiene and sanitation can prolong the treatment process and cause cross infections or nosocomial infections (infections acquired in hospitals). The aim of this research is to analyze the application of sanitation hygiene in food handling. This type of research is quantitative with a descriptive survey design. This research was conducted at the Konawe Islands Regional General Hospital in August 2023. The sample was all 9 employees working at the nutrition installation in 2023. The sampling technique uses the total sample. Data was obtained using a questionnaire and observed. Descriptive data analysis. The research results showed that the implementation of handler hygiene was found in 44.6% of samples not using gloves and 22.2% of samples using jewelry. The application of sanitation in food processing places is not provided for food processing places (kitchens) in accordance with construction, layout, building and kitchen room requirements and smoke does not come out through chimneys and is not equipped with smoke hoods and sanitary cooking equipment has surface layers of equipment that do not dissolve in acid. Bases or salts commonly found in food and cooking utensils such as cutting boards and knives are not differentiated between raw food and ready-to-eat food.
Analisis Tingkat Kepuasan Karyawan pada Penyelenggaraan Makanan Jasa Catering di Kantin PT. Arga Morini Indah
Authors: Handriani Handriani , Demmalewa Jenny Qlifianti , Dhesa Desiderius Bela , Ihsan M. Habib , Ananda Siti Hadrayanti
Published: December 2024

Penyelenggaraan makanan pada institusi sangat penting, karena dengan adanya penyelenggaraan makanan, diharapkan karyawan yang bekerja pada perusahaan tersubut terpenuhi kebutuhan gizinya sehingga dapat meningkatkan Kesehatan secara optimal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis tingkat kepuasan karyawan pada penyelenggaraan makanan jasa catering di Kantin PT. Arga Morini Indah. Jenis penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kuantitatif desain survey. populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh karyawan (karyawan) perusahaan PT. Arga Morini Indah sebanyak 300 orang dan sampel sebanyak 75 orang yang diperoleh dengan Simple Random Sampling. Data dikumpulkan dengan kuesioner dan lembar observasi serta diolah secara deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ketepatan waktu distribusi makanan sebagian besar menyatakan tepat waktu  (88%), sanitasi atau kebersihan alat sebagian besar menyatakan Ya  (96%), cita rasa makanan sebagian besar Puas sebanyak (89,3%), aspek sanitasi atau kebersihan alat sebagian besar menyatakan Ya (96%) dan aspek penampilan petugas sebagian besar sangat puas (54,7%),  Saran bagi pihak PT.Arga Morini perlu melibatkan tenaga gizi dalam penyelenggaraan makanan di perusahaan nikel PT Arga Morini. Bagi peneliti selanjutnya perlu melakukan penlitian kuantitatif yang menganalisis faktor-faktor yang memperngaruhi kepuasan karyawan.
Pengaruh Edukasi Diet Emesis Dengan Media Booklet Terhadap Peningkatan Pengetahuan Pada Ibu Hamil KEK Diwilayah Kerja Puskesmas Poasia
Authors: Merlindah Mery , Ihsan M Habib , Dhesa Desiderius Bela , Akhmad Akhmad
Published: December 2024

Masalah emesis gravidarum menjadi sebuah fenomena pada ibu hamil khususnya pada usia kehamilan muda.. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh edukasi diet emesis dengan media booklet terhadap peningkatan pengetahuan pada ibu hamil KEK diwilayah kerja puskesmas Poasia. Metode dalam penelitian ini adalah pra eksperimental. Populasi dalam penelitian adalah ibu hamil KEK sebanyak 48 Ibu Hamil. Sampel dalam penelitian ini 32 dengan menggunakan Teknik purposive sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan Pengetahuan ibu hamil KEK tentang Diet emesis sebelum diberikan intervensi masih kurang (skor rata-rata =55,16), sedangkan pengetahuan setelah diberikan intervensi menjadi baik (skor rata-rata =68,13).  Setelah diberikan edukasi diet emesis dengan media booklet, terdapat pengaruh terhadap pemberian edukasi diet emesis dengan media booklet terhadap pengetahuan ibu hamil KEK (nilai p=0,000/p<0,05). Diharapkan kepada ibu hamil agar selalu mencari informasi tentang komplikasi kehamilan khususnya emesis gravidarum, serta dapat menyikapi dengan baik segala komplikasi yang terjadi pada kehamilan.
Optimasi Program Usaha Kesehatan Gigi Sekolah (UKGS) Melalui Edukasi pada Dokter Gigi Kecil di SD IT Asshodiqiyah Semarang.
Authors: Christiono Sandy , Amalina Rizki , Pradopo Seno , Yuniar Savira Nurazky
Published: December 2024

Abstrak. Kesehatan gigi dan mulut merupakan hal yang penting dalam kehidupan. Tingginya angka karies pada usia sekolah dasar menunjukkan pentingnya pemberian edukasi guna membentuk kebiasaan baik untuk menjaga kesehatan gigi. Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk mengedukasi siswa usia sekolah dasar melalui pendekatan Usaha Kesehatan Gigi Sekolah (UKGS) yang melibatkan siswa sebagai dokter gigi kecil. Kegiatan dilaksanakan pada 28 Oktober 2023. Kegiatan ini dilaksanakan melalui kaderisasi dokter gigi kecil di SD IT Asshodiqiyah Semarang yang nantinya akan memberikan edukasi kepada teman sebayanya. Tingkat pengetahuan siswa diukur menggunakan kuesioner dengan 10 pertanyaan singkat terkait materi yang diberikan, kemudian dibandingkan antara skor sebelum dan setelah pemberian edukasi oleh dokter gigi kecil. Didapatkan adanya perbedaan signifikan tingkat pengetahuan siswa antara skor pre-test dan post-test pada seluruh responden sehingga metode ini dianggap efektif dalam meningkatkan pengetahuan terkait kesehatan gigi dan mulut pada siswa SD IT As-Shodiqiyah sebagai upaya optimasi program UKGS di sekolah.
 
Abstract. Oral health is an important thing in life. The high rate of caries at elementary school age shows the importance of providing dental health education to form good habits to maintain oral health. This community service activity aims to give dental health education through the Usaha Kesehatan Gigi Sekolah (UKGS) programme approach which involves students as little dentists. This activity is carried out through the cadre of 2 little dentists at SD IT Asshodiqiyah Semarang who will later provide dental health education to their peers. The level of student knowledge was measured using a questionnaire with 10 short questions, then compared between the scores before (pre-test) and after (post-test) providing education by the little dentist. It was found that there was a significant difference in the level of student knowledge between the pre-test and post-test scores for all respondents, this method was considered effective in increasing knowledge related to dental and oral health in students at SD As-Shodiqiyah to optimize the “UKGS’ program at school.
Algebraic Reasoning over Relational Structures
Authors: Jurka Jan , Milius Stefan , Urbat Henning
Published: December 2024

Many important computational structures involve an intricate interplay between algebraic features (given by operations on the underlying set) and relational features (taking account of notions such as order or distance). This paper investigates algebras over relational structures axiomatized by an infinitary Horn theory, which subsume, for example, partial algebras, various incarnations of ordered algebras, quantitative algebras introduced by Mardare, Panangaden, and Plotkin, and their recent extension to generalized metric spaces and lifted algebraic signatures by Mio, Sarkis, and Vignudelli. To this end, we develop the notion of clustered equation, which is inspired by Mardare et al.'s basic conditional equations in the theory of quantitative algebras, at the level of generality of arbitrary relational structures, and we prove that it is equivalent to an abstract categorical form of equation earlier introduced by Milius and Urbat. Our main results are a family of Birkhoff-type variety theorems (classifying the expressive power of clustered equations) and an exactness theorem (classifying abstract equations by a congruence property).
On a fibrational construction for optics, lenses, and Dialectica categories
Authors: Capucci Matteo , Gavranović Bruno , Malik Abdullah , Rios Francisco , Weinberger Jonathan
Published: December 2024

Categories of lenses/optics and Dialectica categories are both comprised of bidirectional morphisms of basically the same form. In this work we show how they can be considered a special case of an overarching fibrational construction, generalizing Hofstra's construction of Dialectica fibrations and Spivak's construction of generalized lenses. This construction turns a tower of Grothendieck fibrations into another tower of fibrations by iteratively twisting each of the components, using the opposite fibration construction.

Comment: v3: 18 pp. Project results from the American Mathematical Society's Math Research Community on Applied Category Theory 2022. Final version for proceedings of MFPS 2024. Updated author affiliation
An Ultrametric for Cartesian Differential Categories for Taylor Series Convergence
Authors: Lemay Jean-Simon Pacaud
Published: December 2024

Cartesian differential categories provide a categorical framework for multivariable differential calculus and also the categorical semantics of the differential $\lambda$-calculus. Taylor series expansion is an important concept for both differential calculus and the differential $\lambda$-calculus. In differential calculus, a function is equal to its Taylor series if its sequence of Taylor polynomials converges to the function in the analytic sense. On the other hand, for the differential $\lambda$-calculus, one works in a setting with an appropriate notion of algebraic infinite sums to formalize Taylor series expansion. In this paper, we provide a formal theory of Taylor series in an arbitrary Cartesian differential category without the need for converging limits or infinite sums. We begin by developing the notion of Taylor polynomials of maps in a Cartesian differential category and then show how comparing Taylor polynomials of maps induces an ultrapseudometric on the homsets. We say that a Cartesian differential category is Taylor if maps are entirely determined by their Taylor polynomials. The main results of this paper are that in a Taylor Cartesian differential category, the induced ultrapseudometrics are ultrametrics and that for every map $f$, its Taylor series converges to $f$ with respect to this ultrametric. This framework recaptures both Taylor series expansion in differential calculus via analytic methods and in categorical models of the differential $\lambda$-calculus (or Differential Linear Logic) via infinite sums.

Comment: To be published in the proceedings of MFPS2024
Cost-sensitive computational adequacy of higher-order recursion in synthetic domain theory
Authors: Niu Yue , Sterling Jonathan , Harper Robert
Published: December 2024

We study a cost-aware programming language for higher-order recursion dubbed $\textbf{PCF}_\mathsf{cost}$ in the setting of synthetic domain theory (SDT). Our main contribution relates the denotational cost semantics of $\textbf{PCF}_\mathsf{cost}$ to its computational cost semantics, a new kind of dynamic semantics for program execution that serves as a mathematically natural alternative to operational semantics in SDT. In particular we prove an internal, cost-sensitive version of Plotkin's computational adequacy theorem, giving a precise correspondence between the denotational and computational semantics for complete programs at base type. The constructions and proofs of this paper take place in the internal dependent type theory of an SDT topos extended by a phase distinction in the sense of Sterling and Harper. By controlling the interpretation of cost structure via the phase distinction in the denotational semantics, we show that $\textbf{PCF}_\mathsf{cost}$ programs also evince a noninterference property of cost and behavior. We verify the axioms of the type theory by means of a model construction based on relative sheaf models of SDT.

Comment: Final version for MFPS '24
Typed Non-determinism in Concurrent Calculi: The Eager Way
Authors: Heuvel Bas van den , Nantes-Sobrinho Daniele , Paulus Joseph W. N. , Pérez Jorge A.
Published: December 2024

We consider the problem of designing typed concurrent calculi with non-deterministic choice in which types leverage linearity for controlling resources, thereby ensuring strong correctness properties for processes. This problem is constrained by the delicate tension between non-determinism and linearity. Prior work developed a session-typed {\pi}-calculus with standard non-deterministic choice; well-typed processes enjoy type preservation and deadlock-freedom. Central to this typed calculus is a lazy semantics that gradually discards branches in choices. This lazy semantics, however, is complex: various technical elements are needed to describe the non-deterministic behavior of typed processes. This paper develops an entirely new approach, based on an eager semantics, which more directly represents choices and commitment. We present a {\pi}-calculus in which non-deterministic choices are governed by this eager semantics and session types. We establish its key correctness properties, including deadlock-freedom, and demonstrate its expressivity by correctly translating a typed resource {\lambda}-calculus.

Comment: arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:2408.07915
On the Home-Space Problem for Petri Nets and its Ackermannian Complexity
Authors: Jančar Petr , Leroux Jérôme
Published: December 2024

A set of configurations $H$ is a home-space for a set of configurations $X$ of aPetri net if every configuration reachable from (any configuration in) $X$ can reach (some configuration in) $H$. The semilinear home-space problem for Petri nets asks, given a Petri net and semilinear sets of configurations $X$, $H$, if $H$ is a home-space for $X$. In 1989, David de Frutos Escrig and Colette Johnen proved that the problem is decidable when $X$ is a singleton and $H$ is a finite union of linear sets with the same periods. In this paper, we show that the general (semilinear) problem is decidable. This result is obtained by proving a duality between the reachability problem and the non-home-space problem. In particular, we prove that for any Petri net and any semilinear set of configurations $H$ we can effectively compute a semilinear set $C$ of configurations, called a non-reachability core for $H$, such that for every set $X$ the set $H$ is not a home-space for $X$ if, and only if, $C$ is reachable from $X$. We show that the established relation to the reachability problem yields the Ackermann-completeness of the (semilinear) home-space problem. For this we also show that, given a Petri net with an initial marking, the set of minimal reachable markings can be constructed in Ackermannian time.
Impact of Smoking on Platelet Indices Among Acute Myocardial Infarction Patients
Authors: Ateş Muhammet Salih , Keleş Fikret , Yıldırım Alp , Kök Zafer , Çelik Mustafa , İlanbey Bilal , Kaleli Muhammed Fatih
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT
Purpose: The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of smoking on platelet indices among patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI), and to highlight comparative dimensions between smokers and non-smokers.
Material and Methods: From November 2023 to March 2024, 224 patients scheduled for coronary angiography with a diagnosis of AMI were enrolled in this study. Participants were categorized into two groups based on their smoking status. Platelet index, platelet count, mean platelet volume (MPV), platelet distribution width (PDW), and plateletcrit (PCT) values were compared. Subsequently, smokers were divided into five groups according to the duration of smoking.
Results: Compared to non-smokers, smokers demonstrated significantly higher mean urea levels (p=0.035). Among non-smokers, MPV values were significantly higher in the non-STEMI group compared to the STEMI group (p=0.013). When analyzing the relationship between smoking duration and platelet indices, an increase in smoking duration was significantly associated with a decrease in platelet index (p
Postmenapozal Vertebral Fraktürlü Hastalarda Tek Başına Lomber Kemik Mineral Ölçümü Yeterli mi?
Authors: Demircioğlu Güneri Fulya , Karaarslan Fatih , Turan Mustafa , Odabaşı Ersin
Published: December 2024

Amaç
Osteoporoz taraması, takibi amaçlı başvurmuş ve vertebral frajilite kırığı tespit edilmiş hastaların; torakal ve lomber X-ray grafileri dikkate alınmadığında, tek başına Dual X-ray Absorbtiometry (DXA) ile lomber kemik mineral yoğunluğu (KMY) (gr/cm2) ve T skorlarının değerlendirilmesinin, vertebral frajilite kırığı olan bireylerin hastalık yönetiminde yeterliliğinin gösterilmesi hedeflenmiştir.
Gereç Yöntem
Retrospektif gözlemsel nitelikteki çalışmamızda, veri kaynağı olarak, …….Hastanesi Tıbbi Ekoloji ve Hidroklimatoloji Anabilim Dalı, 2003-2023 yıllarına ait hasta takip dosyaları kullanıldı. Yaş, DXA ile lomber KMY ölçümleri (g/cm2) ve T skorları, kırıkların sınıflandırılması, kırık yerleşim yerleri, sayısı, radyolojik incelemelerinde artefakt varlığı verileri kayıt edildi. Osteoporoz kriterlerini karşılama ve radyolojik artefakt varlığı yönüyle hastalar gruplandırılarak karşılaştırmalar gerçekleştirildi.
Bulgular
Toplam 5393 dosya taranarak, vertebral fraktür tespit edilen 176 hasta analizlere dahil edildi. L1-L4 T skoru ve total KMY değerleri osteoporozlu grupta daha düşük bulundu (p
The Concept of Stimmung and the Creation of Objective Moods in Movies: “Kerr” (2021) Movie Review
Authors: Ulutas Selcuk , Aytaş Murat
Published: December 2024

Every movie is a mental design objectifying intentional images. Movies aim to influence the audience at certain levels, intellectually and effectively. The stylistic order enables films to create non-subjective effects. This study expands the boundaries of affect and focuses on the relationship between episodic emotions and long-lasting moods in cinema. It also supports the idea that mood is an affect designed in motion pictures. Moods are subjective in everyday life. The main suggestion of the study is that it is possible to produce moods objectively in movies. This issue regarding moods finds a vast place in philosophy within the framework of Stimmung. Stimmung expresses an objective state of mind that is not subjective and spreads to large masses. At this point, the study’s primary purpose is to show that it is possible to create an objective mood designed in cinema films and the effectiveness of these moods in determining the affective and intellectual levels of the movie. We used the literature review method. In addition, director Tayfun Pirselimoğlu’s film “Kerr” (2021), determined by the purposeful sampling method, was examined with the phenomenological analysis method. As a result of the analysis, it emphasized that the director produced anxiety as a Stimmung in the sample film. The anxious mood directly affects the movie’s intellectual and affective design. The tense mood directly affects the movie's intellectual and affective design.
Communication Tactics of Conflict Genesis in the Network Media Space of Frontier Regions
Authors: Bredikhin Sergey N. , Avdeev Evgenii A. , Shishkin Boris A.
Published: December 2024

The growth of social and political tension in the world, the resonance of global and regional crises and contradictions are preparing new challenges for local linguistic and cultural communities, which are reflected and intensified in network communication. The formation and circulation of conflict-producing content and the use of verbal aggression on social networks can become triggers for ethno-confessional conflicts and provoke aggression and violence. The purpose of the article is to analyze conflict-producing content in the VKontakte communities and Telegram channels of Stavropol, Dagestan and North Ossetia, establish its thematic focus, identify the communication tactics used and speech moves to provoke ethno-confessional conflict. In social networks of the Stavropol region, speech moves are more often used focusing attention on socio-economic difficulties and aimed at creating a hostile attitude towards migrants. In the online discourse of Dagestan, religious themes prevail over ethnic ones, while this factor in determining stratagem-tactical variation helps reduce interethnic and interfaith hostility. The thematic and situational connection of conflict genesis to the initial post suggests that provoking conflict acquires not only an ethnic, but also a confessional character, due to a sense of religious solidarity, and defensive rhetoric in relation to the Islamic way of life and traditions. The analysis of the conflict-producing content of online communities in North Ossetia indicates that there are currently no serious ethnic and religious contradictions, while socio-economic issues are coming to the fore. Significant ethno-confessional and ethnocultural differences, complexities and problems of socio-economic development can turn social networks into an effective tool for the use of manipulative technologies in the course of modern hybrid information warfare. Further research into network discourse will contribute to identifying the conflict-generating potential of verbal aggression and will help to form of effective means of countering the growing threats of destabilization of ethno-confessional relations in the North Caucasus.
Serviço Social, ética e regulamentação da profissão: debates críticos
Authors: Tabosa da Silva Diego
Published: December 2024

O livro "Serviço Social, ética e regulamentação da profissão: debates críticos” traz à baila debates acerca de importantes instrumentos de regulamentação e orientação ética do Serviço Social brasileiro. Reflexo do amadurecimento ético-político, teórico-metodológico e técnico-operativo, a Lei 8.662/1993 e a Resolução CFESS Nº 273 apontam para a consolidação da direção crítica que se gestava no interior do Serviço Social desde meados dos anos de 1960. Deste modo, este livro destaca a importância e a transversalidade da ética para o trabalho e formação profissional, para o enfrentamento ao avanço do conservadorismo e para a qualificação dos serviços prestados à população.
Serialismo, intertextualidad, criptología y algunas líneas de fuga: herético furor (1998, revisada en 2001), de Jorge Horst
Authors: Jaureguiberry Pablo
Published: December 2024

herético furor (1998, revisada en 2001), para flauta contralto, clarinete bajo, violín, violonchelo y piano, es una de las composiciones más estudiadas, renombradas e interpretadas de Jorge Horst (Rosario, 1963). Así, el homenaje a Filippo/Giordano Bruno, connotado desde el título, a la par del concomitante establecimiento de las notas Fa, Sib y Sol como ejes de escritura, la repetición en distintas instancias, las ambigüedades morfológicas, la preeminencia de diversas modalidades de producción sonora y un tándem entre ciertas filiaciones nonianas y la presencia de la serie paninterválica frecuentemente asociada a Il canto sospeso (1955-56) resultan algunos de los rasgos ya establecidos para herético furor. No obstante, dado que el material paninterválico desempeña varias funciones preponderantes, mientras su devenir en y relación con múltiples contenidos implica ulteriores complejidades, nos disponemos a indagar en el rizoma que conforman algunas de las cualidades seriales, intertextuales y crípticas de la composición. O sea, interpretar herético furor desde sus atributos seriales habilita líneas de fuga que nos llevan a proponer la noción de intertextualidad implícita y, así, también a ampliar ciertas incumbencias de la criptografía musical, principalmente la representación y el homenaje, para llegar al terreno de lo criptológico como ideario y modalidad de escritura.
Algunos aspectos ´minimistas´ en la obra de María Cecilia Villanueva
Authors: Orellana Lanús Luciana
Published: December 2024

Este trabajo tiene como objetivo evidenciar los rasgos del 'minimismo' latinoamericano, tal como lo postulan Coriún Aharonián y Graciela Paraskevaídis, en la obra de María Cecilia Villanueva. Para ello, inicialmente, se señalan ciertos cuestionamientos surgidos en torno a la búsqueda de una identidad latinoamericana en un grupo de compositores desde 1970. Posteriormente, en vías de arrojar luz sobre esta categoría conceptual, se presenta una síntesis acerca de los rasgos musicales del ´minimismo´ latinoamericano. Con base en estos datos se realiza el análisis de la obra Birlibirloque (1988) de Villanueva a través de la teoría de los micromodos y la metodología sintáctico-temática de Francisco Kröpfl. Finalmente, se destaca que esta publicación contribuye a la producción de contenido sobre una generación posterior a la del Centro Latinoamericano de Altos Estudios Musicales (CLAEM) y aborda aspectos que, según se argumenta, se manifiestan en la música culta latinoamericana.
Climate Change and Energy Ethics
Authors: Steigleder Klaus , Heeger Robert
Published: December 2024

Climate related energy ethics is still an underdeveloped field of normative ethics. While it is urgent to achieve truly decarbonized and otherwise climate friendly global energy systems as fast as possible, contrary to what is often assumed in current climate ethics we do not yet know in sufficient detail how this can be achieved. Thus, there is a need for Climate Ethics 2.0 which focuses more on the solution side of the required energy transition and the involved problem of the needed knowledge base. It is important and difficult to develop realistic scenarios of net-zero global energy systems and to develop expedient national climate policies and climate related energy policies. All this involves plenty of normative problems and normatively relevant tasks. We especially focus on the problem that for economic development energy and power dense energy sources are needed, so that poor countries have every incentive to overcome their poverty with the help of fossil fuels. This, combined with the recognition that immense amounts of climate friendly electricity are needed for climate neutral global energy systems, raises the question of the role of nuclear energy in climate change mitigation. To answer this question may be considered to be one of the most important tasks of current climate related energy ethics.
Research Trend of PBL and PjBL in Bibliometric Analysis: Implications for a Better Future of Physics Education
Authors: Dwikoranto  , Dawana I R , Setiani Rahyu
Published: December 2024

This research investigates the growing research trends surrounding the application of Problem-Based Learning (PBL) and Project-Based Learning (PjBL) in the Physics Education domain. Using a bibliometric analysis approach, data sourced from the Scopus database yielded 89 related documents. The findings revealed a significant surge of scholarly interest in the implementation of PBL and PjBL in Physics Education over the past decade, indicating a growing area for further exploration. In particular, there is a growing trend to integrate PBL and PjBL methodologies with STEM education, as this incorporation has shown promise in enhancing critical thinking, problem-solving abilities, and student engagement. However, it's important to note that this researh was constrained by its dependence on a sole database, namely Scopus, for the collection of data. Future research efforts in PBL and PjBL in Physics Education are encouraged to utilise diverse databases to ensure comprehensive coverage and analysis.
The Parental Role in Supporting Learners With Barriers to Learning in a Secondary School
Authors: Fakude Zinhle Thobeka , Maseko Nonhlanhla Desiree
Published: December 2024

Parental role in secondary schools is pivotal to support learners with barriers to learning to enhance their academic performance. Research indicates that parental involvement in leaners’ education decline as learners grow older. Therefore, the study aim was to explore the role of parents in supporting learners with barriers to learning in a secondary school. The research study was set within an interpretivism paradigm and used the qualitative approach. Epstein’s model for parental involvement was adopted in the study to explore the parental role in supporting learners with barriers to learning in a secondary school. The model emphasizes the involvement of parents in learners’ education in schools. The research is a niche as it covers a gap in secondary school where there is insufficient scholarly exploring parental involvement. Data was collected from purposefully sampled participants including parents of learners with barriers to learning, teachers who are teaching learners with barriers to learning and three learners with barriers to learning, through interviews. The thematic data analysis was used to analyze interviews data and document analysis. The findings from the study indicated that parents are keen to play their role in supporting learners with barriers to learning in a secondary school. However, parents are faced with different challenges that hinder their full engagement in supporting learners with barriers to learning. The study recommends that parents should continuously communicate and engage with school on how they can be assisted in supporting learners with barriers to learning at home. The study also recommends that the school should work hand in hand with parents providing guidance on how learners with barriers to learning should be supported at home.
Impacto del Síndrome de Burnout en la productividad laboral de los docentes de la Unidad Educativa Nuevo Mundo, Ambato 2024
Authors: Bombón Chico José Enrique , Bombón Chico Hernán Sebastián , Arellano Cepeda Otto Eulogio
Published: December 2024

El síndrome de Burnout es un problema creciente en el entorno laboral actual, caracterizado por un estado de agotamiento físico y emocional que puede afectar la calidad de vida y productividad de los colaboradores, este estudio, realizado en la Unidad Educativa Nuevo Mundo en Ambato en el año 2024, tiene como principal objetivo determinar el impacto del síndrome de burnout en la productividad laboral de sus 56 docentes de primaria y secundaria. Para ello se identificó la tasa de aparición del síndrome, se evaluó la productividad del trabajo docente y se correlacionaron ambos factores. Mediante un enfoque cuantitativo exploratorio, descriptivo y correlacional, y utilizando el Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) y un cuestionario de productividad laboral (Alfa de Cronbach: 0,746 y 0,788 respectivamente), se encontró que el 30% de los docentes experimentó ocasionalmente burnout emocional, mientras que el 45% dijo no sentirse vacío al final del día. Sin embargo, se encontraron correlaciones negativas significativas entre el agotamiento emocional y la motivación (r = -0,318, p < 0,05) y el trabajo en equipo (r = -0,307, p < 0,05). En consecuencia, el estudio confirma que el síndrome de burnout, a pesar de su baja prevalencia, tiene un impacto negativo en la productividad laboral de los docentes. Cabe destacar, como limitaciones del estudio, el tamaño de la muestra y la moderada idoneidad para el análisis factorial (KMO = 0,572). Se concluyo que existe una baja prevalencia del síndrome entre los educadores.