bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Iron Photocatalysis via Brønsted Acid Unlocking Ligand-to-Metal Charge Transfer
Authors: Lan Yu , Jiang Xiaoyu , Hao Yudong , Jiang Kui , He Jing , Zhu Jiali , Jia Shiqi , Li Shi-Jun , Niu Linbin
Published: September 2023

Reforming sustainable 3d-metal-based visible light catalytic platform for inert bulk chemical activation and value-added transformations is highly desirable. Herein, we demonstrate a robust and practical Brønsted acid unlocking iron ligand-to-metal charge transfer (LMCT) photocatalysis for the activation of multifarious inert haloalkylcarboxylate (CnXmCOO−, X = F or Cl) to CnXm radical production, which successfully enables the fluoro-polyhaloalkylation of non-activated alkenes through the combination of easily available selectfluor as fluorine source. Numerous valuable alkyl fluorides including various of potential drug molecules can be easily delivered under this protocol. Mechanistic studies indicate that a strong Brønsted acid is indeed capable of inducing the cleavage of Fe(CF3COO)3 to CF3 radical under blue light irradiation. We anticipate that this Brønsted acid unlocking iron LMCT protocol for the oxidative decarboxylation of haloalkylcarboxylate can serve as an intriguing sustainable option to execute the activation of inert compounds.
Proximal Point Algorithms with Inertial Extrapolation for Quasi-convex Pseudo-monotone Equilibrium Problems
Authors: Izuchukwu chinedu , Ogwo Grace , shehu yekini
Published: September 2023

In this paper, we study the proximal point algorithm with inertial extrapolation to approximate a solution to the quasi-convex pseudo-monotone equilibrium problem. In the proposed algorithm, the inertial parameter is allowed to take both negative and positive values during implementations. The possibility of the choice of negative values for the inertial parameter sheds more light on the range of values of the inertial parameter for the proximal point algorithm. Under standard assumptions, we prove that the sequence of iterates generated by the proposed algorithm converges to a solution of the equilibrium problem when the bifunction is strongly quasi-convex in its second argument. Numerical results are reported for both cases of negative and positive inertial factor of the proposed algorithm and comparison with related algorithm is discussed.
2010 MSC classification: 90C25, 90C30, 90C60, 68Q25, 49M25, 90C22
Development and Validation of a Novel Scoring System for Acute Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Xu Rui , Peng Shixin , Qiu Yulong , Zhu Ji , Zhang Xiaodong , Jiang Li
Published: September 2023

Background: This study aimed to assess the clinical application of the Artery Occlusion Image Score (AOIS), a new metric based on computed tomographic angiography (CTA) that reflects the severity of occlusive changes in the main intracranial arteries.
Materials and Methods: Patients diagnosed with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) were divided into three groups: anterior circulation infarcts (ACI group), posterior circulation infarcts (PCI group), and both anterior and posterior circulation infarcts (ACI+PCI group). The sensitivity and specificity of AOIS were evaluated using the Basilar Artery on Computed Tomography Angiography (BATMAN) score, the Clot Burden Score (CBS), and the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) as comparators through receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis.
Results: The final analysis included 439 consecutive patients. In the ACI group, AOIS demonstrated high sensitivity (86.3%) and specificity (85.0%) and outperformed CBS in predicting patient prognosis. In the PCI group, AOIS also showed high sensitivity (88.9%) and specificity (90.0%) and outperformed BATMAN in predicting patient prognosis. In the ACI+PCI group, AOIS positively correlated with the NIHSS score (Spearman’s ρ = 0.602, P < .001). Additionally, the scoring time of AOIS did not significantly differ from CBS and BATMAN.
Conclusion: AOIS is a convenient and reliable method for guiding treatment and predicting outcomes in patients with ACI or/and PCI. Furthermore, AOIS is the first CTA-based scoring system that covers both the anterior and posterior circulation, providing a convenient and reliable evaluation for patients with concurrent acute ischemic stroke in both circulations.
Inflammatory markers and increased carotid intimal thickness in asymptomatic growth hormone naïve patients of Sheehan syndrome.
Authors: mir shahnaz ahmad , naik asif ahmad naik ahmad , bashrat dar , arshed uzma , khan naseer ahmad , singh hardeep , laway Bashir ahmad
Published: September 2023

Objective
The dyad of cardio-metabolic risk factors and endothelial dysfunction observed in hypopituitarism untreated for growth hormone deficiency (GHD), a characteristic of Sheehan's syndrome (SS), contributes to the increased cardiovascular mortality and morbidity. The elevated inflammatory markers reported in these patients along with conventional cardiovascular risk factors are considered pivotal contributors to coronary endothelial dysfunction and high risk for cardiovascular events. We aim to investigate the level of conventional cardiovascular risk factors, inflammatory markers and carotid artery Intima-Media Thickness (CIMT) in patients of SS compared to a group of healthy women.
Methods
A total of 37 SS patients fulfilling the case definition for this study and same number (n = 37) healthy age, BMI and parity matched controls were recruited for the study. The participants underwent detailed clinical, biochemical, hormone analysis and measurement of Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and Interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels. CIMT assessment was also done using high-resolution echo-colour Doppler system in both cases and controls.
Results
Patients with SS had significantly higher mean triglyceride, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and lower high-density cholesterol concentrations. The markers of inflammation including TNF-α and IL-6 levels were significantly higher (23.41 ± 10.97 vs. 20.05 ± 2.76pg/ml; p = 0.041) for TNF- α and (37.19 ± 5.38 vs. 32.08 ± 1.18pg/ml; p = 0.004) for IL-6, compared to healthy controls. Furthermore, mean carotid intima medial thickness in patients was significantly increased in comparison to healthy controls (0.71 ± 0.07 vs. 0.59 ± 0.05mm; p = 0.001).
Conclusion
Our study demonstrated that patients with SS have clustering of cardiovascular risk factors that may contribute to the increased risk for cardiovascular events.
The Hopf whole-brain model and its linear approximation
Authors: Ponce-Alvarez Adrián , Deco Gustavo
Published: September 2023

Whole-brain models have proven to be useful to understand the emergence of collective activity among neural populations or brain regions. These models combine connectivity matrices, or connectomes, with local node dynamics, noise, and, eventually, transmission delays. Multiple choices for the local dynamics have been proposed. Among them, nonlinear oscillators corresponding to a supercritical Hopf bifurcation have been used to link brain connectivity and collective phase and amplitude dynamics in different brain states. Here, we studied the linear fluctuations of this model to estimate its stationary statistics, i.e., the instantaneous and lagged covariances and the power spectral densities. This linear approximation ⸺that holds in the case of heterogeneous parameters and time-delays⸺ allows analytical estimation of the statistics and it can be used for fast parameter explorations to study changes in brain state, changes in brain activity due to alterations in structural connectivity, and modulations of parameter due to non-equilibrium dynamics.
Host-Virus Cophylogeny Trajectories: Investigating Molecular Relationships between Coronaviruses and Bat Hosts
Authors: Li Wanlin , Tahiri Nadia
Published: September 2023

Background: Bats, with their virus tolerance, social behaviors, and mobility, are reservoirs for emerging viruses, including coronaviruses (CoVs) known for genetic flexibility. Studying the cophylogenetic link between bats and CoVs provides vital insights into transmission dynamics, host adaptation, and the foundation for disease emergence and spread. In this study, we investigate the cophylogenetic patterns of 69 host-virus connections. Prior research has yielded valuable insights into phenomena such as host switching, cospeciation, and other dynamics concerning the interaction between CoVs and bats. Nonetheless, a distinct gap exists in the current literature concerning a comparative cophylogenetic analysis focused on elucidating the contributions of sequence fragments to the coevolution between hosts and viruses.
Results: Among the 69 host-virus links examined, 47 showed significant cophylogeny based on ParaFit and PACo analyses, affirming strong associations. Focusing on two pivotal proteins, ORF1ab and spike, we conduct a comparative analysis of host and coronavirus phylogenies. For ORF1ab, specific window ranges in the multiple sequence alignment (positions 520-680, 770-870, 2930-3070, and 4910-5080) exhibit the lowest Robinson and Foulds (RF) distance (i.e. 84.62\%), emphasizing their higher contribution in the cophylogenetic association. Similarly, within the spike region, distinct window ranges (positions 0-140, 60-180, 100-410, 360-550, and 630-730) display the lowest RF distance at 88.46\%. Our analysis identifies six recombination regions within ORF1ab (positions 360-1390, 550-1610, 680-1680, 700-1710, 2060-3090, and 2130-3250), and four within the spike protein (positions 10-510, 50-560, 170-710, and 230-730). The convergence of minimal RF distance regions with combination regions robustly affirms the pivotal role of recombination in viral adaptation to host selection pressures. Furthermore, horizontal gene transfer reveals prominent instances of partial gene transfer events, occurring not only among variants within the same host species but also crossing host species boundaries. This suggests a more intricate pattern of genetic exchange.
Conclusions: By employing a multifaceted approach, our comprehensive approach provides a nuanced understanding of the multifaceted interactions governing the coevolutionary dynamics between bat hosts and CoVs. This deeper insight informs our understanding of viral evolution and adaptation mechanisms, illuminating the broader dynamics driving viral diversity.
A chimeric mitochondrial gene FA323 confers male sterility in Fujian cytoplasmic male sterile rice
Authors: Li Yu , Chen Yaomi , Zhu Yanting , Huang Furong , Shao Xiaoqi , Maimaitiaili Ayimire
Published: September 2023

Based on gene homology, combined with chromosome walking technique, we isolated a candidate cytoplasmic male sterility gene FA323 specific to the cytoplasm of the CMS-FA line. Genetic transformation tests showed that most of the transgenic plants harbouring FA323 exhibited abnormal anthers which could not be stained with 1% I2-KI (potassium iodide)，and that both natural and bagged seed-setting rate were zero. The F1 generation of a positive transgenic plant × the japonic variety Zhonghua11 (ZH11) displayed 1 fertile plants without FA323:1 sterile plants with FA323 segregation. Western blot analysis detected the accumulation of FA323 protein in the CMS-FA line, but not in the iso-cytoplasmic restorer line with the restoring gene OsRf19. qRT-PCR analysis showed that OsRf19 could significantly reduce the transcript amounts of FA323. All these results demonstrated that FA323 could lead to male sterility in rice, it was another cytoplasmic male sterility gene for CMS-FA besides FA182, and OsRf19 might restore the male fertility of CMS-FA lines by degrading FA323 mRNA or suppressing the production of the mRNA. Our results laid a solid foundation for the further elucidation of the molecular mechanism underlying this kind of cytoplasmic-nuclear interaction. Author contribution statement LY designed the study and wrote the manuscript. CXM，ZYT，HFR，SXQ and AM performed the research. Conflict of interest The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.
Diversity of soliton dynamics to (3+1)-dimensional nKdV-nCBS equation in a long wave propagation
Authors: Murtaza Isma Ghulam Murtaza Isma Ghulam , Raza Nauman Raza Nauman , Arshad Saima Arahad Saima
Published: September 2023

In this work, we have investigated a fascinating negative-order Korteweg-de Vries CalogeroBogoyavlenskii-Schiff equation in (3+1) dimensions, which is a collection of the Korteweg-deVries equation and the Calogero-Bogoyavlenskii-Schiff equation. It has been looked that how this model defines the interactions of long wave propagations and how it may be used in math,physics, and engineering. We have used the unified method and the singular manifold method to determine the exact traveling wave solutions to this problem. Exponential, trigonometric,rational, and hyperbolic functions are used to represent the derived traveling wave solutions.By using the traveling wave transformation, the considered nonlinear partial differential equation is transformed into an ordinary differential equation. The full derivation of the provided model using the unified methodology and singular manifold method has been added. We have supposed that the equation has a soliton solution. We have got a system of equations by arranging the resultant equations. We have extract unknown coefficients in the system using Maplesoftware and by plugging them into the original equation new soliton solutions to the equation are obtained. The findings show that the soliton solutions generated by these methods are valid. For illustrative purposes, we provide both 3-D and 2-D graphical representations. The strategy described in this research is superior to certain others that have been used to solve the same equation in the literature, according to computational findings. It demonstrates how these answers may be very helpful in comprehending physical processes in a range of applied mathematics fields.
New developed Methods used for Data Science Optimization
Authors: Mahboub Mohamed Abdeldaiem , krishna tiruveedula gopi
Published: September 2023

Nowadays, there is a growing need to introduce new methods and algorithms in the field of data science. Optimization solutions can be utilized to construct data science models. Our primary emphasis lies in the examination and enhancement of cutting-edge techniques and methods utilized in the field of data science, with the aim of effectively tackling problems. These alternatives consist of algorithms that are based on rule based and the different methods of preprocessing for data science that do not rely on derivatives. We think that the best way to reach our goals for making things better was by using machine learning. By utilizing optimization methods and algorithms, it becomes feasible to locate enhanced solutions to problems in machine learning optimization. These methods can lead to increased improvements in how machines learn and apply knowledge.
The Association between Symptomatic Remission and Social Support in Community- Dwelling Schizophrenia Patients During COVID-19
Authors: YAO Lansicheng , Lan Tianjiao , TIAN Xiaobing , Pan Qiuyu
Published: September 2023

Background: Schizophrenia is a severe and enduring psychiatric disorder, characterized by substantial challenges in achieving symptomatic remission. Up to now, there have been limited studies examining the association between remission status and social support in patients with schizophrenia during COVID-19. This study aimed to investigate the remission status of community-dwelling schizophrenia patients during the pandemic and explore whether symptomatic remission is significantly associated with social support in a cross-sectional study.
Methods: 727 schizophrenia patients were recruited using a cluster random sampling method in the local community. Face-to-face interviews were used to gather data on participants’ clinical characteristics, sociodemographic, social support, and symptomatic remission criteria. Logistic regression models were deployed to identify potential relationships between symptomatic remission and social support.
Results:Among the 727 patients in our study, a substantial proportion of 522 (71.80%) achieved symptomatic remission, while 205 (28.2%) did not. Remarkably, those who achieved symptomatic remission exhibited a higher level of social support (28.32 ± 6.82) compared to those who did not. The proportion of patients achieving symptomatic remission in the low (19.4%), medium (46.2%), and high (34.3%) social support groups was 43.3%, 33.9%, and 12.0%, respectively. Moreover, the crude odds ratio for the association between social support and symptomatic remission was 3.20 (95% CI: 2.45±4.18). After controlling for all confounding factors, the adjusted odds ratio remained significant at 3.02 (95% CI: 2.30±3.97).
Conclusions: This consistent association underscores the critical role of social support in influencing symptomatic remission among community-dwelling schizophrenia patients, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic. Reinforcing the utilization of social support for fostering symptomatic remission among individuals with schizophrenia who reside in the community during such crises is recommended.
Influence of climate variability on change in storage of overexploited aquifers in a semi-arid region
Authors: Céspedes Juan Manuel Navarro , Anguiano Jesús Horacio Hernández , Concepción Pedro Camilo Alcántara , Sarmiento Christian Dominguez , Martínez Jorge Luis Morales , Knappett Peter S. K. , Reyes Miguel Angel Acosta , Li Yanmei , González Viridiana Piña , Zha Xiaoxiao
Published: September 2023

Arid and semi-arid regions are vulnerable to natural disturbances and particularly, to anthropogenic climate change. In these regions, water resources are scarce, and groundwater is commonly the main source of water for municipal supply, agricultural, and industrial purposes. Groundwater overexploitation is a common issue for these regions, where overextraction, climate variability and recharge are responsible for groundwater storage evolution. This study aims to find teleconnections through wavelet analysis between annual rates of change in storage, obtained from geostatistical groundwater modeling, and climate variability. Continuous wavelet transform, cross-wavelet analysis and wavelet coherence were used to analyze and characterize non-stationary patterns of variability of precipitation (PP), standardized precipitation index (SPI), minimum (Min_Temp) and maximum temperature (Max_Temp), Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI), the Oceanic Niño Index (ONI), the Pacific-North American pattern (PNA), the Caribbean Index (CAR) and Groundwater Change in Storage (ΔGS) semestral time series. The results suggest significant influences of the indices on ΔGS, PP, Min_Temp and EVI. PNA manifested an important influence in short periods (2-4 years) in all aquifers, ONI showed influence mainly over long periods (8-16 years) and CAR had influence in periods of high hurricane activities. In addition, under extreme climatic conditions (El Niño or La Niña) the higher/lower water demand increase their influence on groundwater level response creating an indirect link between climate indices and ΔGS. This research can serve as a good indicator of the climate variations behavior and can provide information to understand the regional climate effects of the ENSO phenomenon in overexploited aquifers.
Surface characteristics of NiTi cardiovascular stents by selective laser melting
Authors: Zhang Wei , Li Zhiyong , Xu Chen , Chai Mingxia , Dong Peiyu
Published: September 2023

Selective laser melting (SLM) has gained great attention to manufacture cardiovascular stents given its potential of fabricating customized stents with complex shapes to satisfy clinical requirements. In this study, the surface characteristics of NiTi cardiovascular stents by SLM were explored. The effect of SLM machining parameters on surface morphology, geometry accuracy, phase composition, surface roughness and contact angle were analyzed. The results demonstrated that the surface morphology of stent became more irregular and the surface roughness was enhanced accompanied by the volume energy density (VED) increased. SLMed stents exhibited hydrophobic properties, and the rougher surface obtained a lower contact angle. The deviation of strut thickness was more than 200% than the nominal value under 194 J/mm3. The lowest VED displayed strong cubic B2 structure with less content loss of Ni, satisfying the self-expand NiTi stent requirements. Then electrochemical polishing (ECP) process distinctly improved the surface quality, providing smoother surfaces. The surface roughness reduced minimum to 0.45 µm from 6.64 µm for SLMed stent, and the average strut thickness was reduced to 230 µm at most. Finally, electrochemical test results revealed that SLM-ECPed stents showed a more obvious tendency to resist corrosion compared to SLMed stents.
Mild cognitive impairment is not associated with gut microbiota alterations in Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Aho Velma , Klee Matthias , Landoulsi Zied , Heintz-Buschart Anna , Pavelka Lukas , Leist Anja , Krüger Rejko , May Patrick , Wilmes Paul
Published: September 2023

Gut microbiome differences between people with Parkinson’s disease (PD) and control subjects without parkinsonism are widely reported, but potential alterations related to PD with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) have yet to be comprehensively explored. We compared gut microbial features of PD with MCI (n=58) to cognitively unimpaired PD (n=60) and control subjects (n=90) without MCI. Our results did not support a specific microbiome signature related to MCI in PD.
Evaluation of various infiltration models based on multicriteria decision making across various soil types and land uses in India
Authors: Ghosh Tridiv , Das Bappa , Roy Debasish , Chakraborty Debashis , Sethi Deepak
Published: September 2023

Characterization of infiltration is crucial for designing and assessing hydrological processes. This study characterized the infiltration across different soil types (fine, moderately fine, medium, and moderately coarse in texture) and agricultural land uses (paddy, fallow, and upland crops) in India, evaluated six major infiltration models (Kostiakov, Phillp, Horton, Holtan, Green and Ampt and modified Kostiakov), and developed pedotransfer functions for individual model coefficients based on basic soil parameters. Mean basic infiltration rate was maximum in medium texture soil (7.02 cm h− 1), followed by moderately fine (4.58 cm h− 1), fine (3.7 cm h− 1), and moderately coarse (3.19 cm h− 1) soils. Under paddy, fallow land and upland crops, the values of basic infiltration rate were 2.5, 4.1 and 5.27 cm h− 1, respectively. The Kostiakov model was the best performing model across land use identified through ranking based multicriteria decision making which was closely followed by the Phillip model. Bulk density had the strongest correlation with model parameters, indicating the importance of soil management in modifying the infiltration process. The pedotransfer models developed using basic soil properties may be employed for easy and rapid characterisation of infiltration in India.
Depression and Anxiety among Parents during the COVID-19 Pandemic: The Role of Cumulative Stress and Emotion Dysregulation
Authors: Cheung Rebecca Y. M. , Vaydich Jenny Lee
Published: September 2023

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has introduced many new stressors for parents worldwide. This study investigated the link between parents’ cumulative stress and psychological distress during the pandemic. Parents’ emotion dysregulation was further examined as a moderator between cumulative stress and psychological distress.
Methods: A total of 155 parents in the United States participated in the present study. Path analysis was conducted to evaluate the effects of cumulative stress, including COVID-19-related stress, general stress, and parental stress, as well as emotion dysregulation on parents’ psychological distress, including depression and anxiety.
Results: The present findings indicated that parents’ general stress, parental stress, and emotion dysregulation predicted depressive symptoms. Emotion dysregulation further exacerbated the effect of parental stress on depression. Parents’ general stress and emotion dysregulation were also predictive of anxiety symptoms. In addition, emotion dysregulation exacerbated the effect of COVID-19-related stress on parental anxiety.
Conclusions: This study revealed that parents’ stress and emotion dysregulation were additively and interactively associated with their psychological distress. The findings inform researchers and practitioners that parents’ stressors have cumulative effects on their psychological distress, and that emotion dysregulation can worsen the negative effect of stress on mental health in challenging times, such as the pandemic.
HIF-1α is a “Brake” in JNK3 Mediated Activation of Amyloid Protein Precursor and Hyperphosphorylation of Tau Induced by T-2 Toxin in BV2 Cells
Authors: Zhao Yingying , Valis Martin , Wang Xu , Nepovimova Eugenie , Wu Qinghua , Kuca Kamil
Published: September 2023

Mycotoxins have the capacity of triggering neurodegenerative conditions like Alzheimer's disease (AD), which is marked by β-amyloid (Aβ) deposition and hyperphosphorylation of tau (P-tau). However, there is no evidence of an exact molecular mechanism to prove the above point. Due to the high toxicity and broad contamination of T-2 toxin, we assessed how T-2 toxin exposure alters amyloid precursor protein (APP) and P-tau formation in BV2 cells, and determined the underlying roles of HIF-1α and JNK3 signaling. The findings revealed that T-2 toxin stimulated the expression of HIF-1α and hypoxic stress factors in addition to increasing the expression of APP and P-tau. Additionally, HIF-1α acted as a “brake” on the induction of APP and P-tau expression by negatively regulating these proteins. Notably, T-2 toxin activated JNK3 signaling, which broke this “brake” to promote the formation of APP and P-tau. Furthermore, the cytoskeleton was an essential target for T-2 toxin to exert cytotoxicity, and JNK3/HIF-1α participated in this damage. Collectively, when the T-2 toxin induces the production of APP and P-tau, JNK3 might interfere with HIF-1α's protective function. This study will provide clues for further research on the neurotoxicity of mycotoxins.
Safety and Efficacy of Stoma Site Selection in CT-guided Percutaneous Gastrostomy: A Retrospective Analysis
Authors: Chang-ming Hu , Xiao-mei Qi , Liu li , Qing-Hua Liang , Jun-ru Xiong , Liang-shan Li , Liang-yu Deng , Xue-quan Huang , Chuang He
Published: September 2023

Purpose: To compare the safety and efficacy of CPG in the rectus abdominis and intercostal regions.
Materials and Methods: This retrospective study included 226 patients who underwent CPG at a single center, with the stoma placed in the rectus abdominis or intercostal region. Surgical outcomes and complications, such as pain and infection within 6 months postoperatively, were recorded.
Results: The surgical success rate was 100%, and the all-cause mortality rate within one month was 0%. An intercostal stoma was placed in 56 cases, while a rectus abdominis stoma was placed in 170 cases. The duration of surgery was longer for intercostal stoma placement (37.66 ± 14.63 min) than for rectus abdominis stoma placement (30.26 ± 12.40 min) (p=0.000). At one month postoperatively, the rate of stoma infection was higher in the intercostal group (32.1%) than in the rectus abdominis group (20.6%), but the difference was not significant (P=0.077). No significant difference was observed in the infection rate between the two groups at three or six months postoperatively (P>0.05). Intercostal stoma patients reported higher pain scores during the perioperative period and at one month postoperatively (P=0.000), but pain scores were similar in the two groups at three and six months postoperatively. The perioperative complication rate for intercostal and rectus abdominis surgery was 1.8% and 5.3%, respectively (P=0.464), with no significant difference in the incidence of tube dislodgement (P=0.514). Patient weight was significantly improved at three and six months postoperatively compared to preoperatively (P<0.05).
Conclusion: Both rectus abdominis and intercostal stomas show similar levels of safety and efficacy. However, intercostal stomas may result in greater short-term patient discomfort.
Laser-Induced Changes in the gene expression, Growth and Development of Gladiolus grandiflorus cv. "White Prosperity"
Authors: Hassan Manar , Shaaban Shimaa A. , ziat Rasha A. El , Khaled Khaled A.
Published: September 2023

Corms of Gladiolus grandiﬂorus cv. "White Prosperity" was irradiated via red laser at wavelength 635 nm. Various morphological, flowering, elemental and chemical characterizations were studied. Irradiation with different power (5, 20, and 50 mW) and various irradiation time (0.0, 0.5, 1, 3, 5 and 10 min.) was studied. Several characters), totaletermined include vegetative growth parameter (spouting days, plant height (cm), leaves number, leaves fresh and dry weights (g/plant), diameter of plant middle part (mm) and leaf area (cm2), ﬂoral parameters (ﬂowering days, vase life (day), fresh and dry weights of inflorescence (g/plant), number of flowers per inflorescence, inflorescence length(cm), flowers diameter(cm), number of corms per plant, corms fresh weight(g/plant), circumference/ corms), pigments [ total chlorophylls in leaves (SPAD), anthocyanin content (mg/100 g F.W.) in petals], NPK (%) in new corms and chemical composition in corms; total carbohydrates (%),total phenol (μg CE/g (%),total ﬂavonoid (μg CE/g) (%), antioxidant (DPPH IC50 (μg /ml (%), and proline content (μ moles /g). The results showed that the medium level (20 mW) of He-Ne laser at 5 min caused favorable changes in the leaf anatomical structures and other studied characters followed by the low level (5 mW) of He-Ne laser at 5min. 112 bands emerged from 22 SSR primers, ranging between 130–540 bp, with 32 bands having polymorphism ranging from 17-100 %. Out of the 22 SSR primers, 3 primers exhibited a high polymorphism percentage, i.e., SSR6, SSR16 and SSR22 which exhibited 7 positive markers. These ﬁndings revealed the eﬃciency of SSR primers for diﬀerentiating gladiolus plants and revealed that some alleles were aﬀected by laser in their corms and the expression resulted in color or abnormalities in leaves and /or ﬂowers. Mutation in some alleles could result in abnormalities like mutation in the allele with 410 bp revealed by SSR16.
Machine learning and atomistic origin of high dielectric permittivity in oxides
Authors: Shimano Yuho , Kutana Alex , Asahi Ryoji
Published: September 2023

Discovering new stable materials with large dielectric permittivity is important for future energy storage and electronics applications. Theoretical and computational approaches help design new materials by elucidating microscopic mechanisms and establishing structure-property relations. Ab initio methods can be used to reliably predict the dielectric response, but for fast materials screening, machine learning (ML) approaches, which can directly infer properties from the structural information, are needed. Here, random forest and graph convolutional neural network models are trained and tested to predict the dielectric constant from the structural information. We create a database of the dielectric properties of oxides and design, train, and test the two ML models. Both approaches show similar performance and can successfully predict response based on the structure. The analysis of the feature importance allows identification of local geometric features leading to the high dielectric permittivity of the crystal. Dimensionality reduction and clustering further confirms the relevance of descriptors and compositional features for obtaining high dielectric permittivity.
Fertilizer application increases alfalfa yield and crude protein content: roles of fertilizer type, application rate, and environmental conditions
Authors: Ben Zhuanlin , Li Yuan , Yang Huimin
Published: September 2023

Insufficient supply of high-quality forage is a critical factor constraining the growth of the livestock industry. Cultivated grasslands, such as alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) grasslands, play a vital role in addressing this issue. Fertilizer application is an effective strategy for enhancing alfalfa yield and forage quality; however, optimizing management practices is essential for adapting to variable environmental conditions. In this study, we conducted a meta-analysis to evaluate the impact of fertilizer application on alfalfa productivity, taking into account fertilizer type, application rate, and environmental factors. Fertilizer application significantly increased overall alfalfa yield and crude protein content by 17.7% and 5.8%, respectively, compared to the no-fertilizer group. Manure application contributed to a greater increase in alfalfa yield than phosphorus (P), potassium (K), and nitrogen (N) fertilizers, with increments of 14.0%, 24.9%, and 25.6%. Considering alfalfa yield, quality, and crude protein content, the optimal application rates for N and P fertilizers were found to be 100–150 kg ha− 1 and 150–200 kg ha− 1, respectively. We also found that N and K fertilizers were more effective under lower (≤ 10℃) mean annual temperatures (MATs), while P fertilizer and manure performed better under higher MATs. N fertilizer and manure led to greater yield increases under higher mean annual precipitations (MAPs), whereas P and K fertilizers demonstrated lower use efficacy under the same conditions. Additionally, the application of N, P, and K fertilizers, and manure resulted in higher crude protein content under lower MATs and MAPs. Although soil conditions influenced growth and production, their effects on the fertilization impact of all fertilizers on alfalfa yield and crude protein content were limited. These findings provide valuable insights for the development of optimized fertilizer management strategies by taking into account site-specific differences, environmental factors, and other management practices. Future research should focus on integrating additional forage quality parameters, exploring the synergistic effects of different fertilizers, and evaluating the long-term sustainability of these practices.
Levator palpebralis superioris muscle histopathologic findings in congenital ptosis and surgical outcome after its resection: Is there any association?
Authors: Kasaee Abolfazl , Jamshidian-Tehrani Mansooreh , Deyhim Zana , Rafizadeh Seyed Mohsen , Nozarian Zohreh , Sonbolestan Seyed Ali
Published: September 2023

Purpose
To evaluate the histopathologic findings of Levator palpebralis superioris (LPS) muscle biopsy after LPS resection for treatment of congenital ptosis and its possible relation with surgical outcomes.
Methods
Congenital ptosis patients were enrolled in this retrospective study. All of them underwent full ophthalmologic examination included of Margin-reflex distance 1 (MRD-1) and LPS function measurement preoperatively. The patients were followed for three months for the postoperative period and after that the measurements were repeated. Histologic parameters including percentages of fat, striated and smooth muscle, and fibrous tissue. The histopathologic findings and their possible correlation with the measurements are analyzed.
Results
67 patients with unilateral congenital ptosis were enrolled. 45 patients (67.2%) were males. The mean age of patients was 16.10 ± 11.18 years. The patients’ MRD-1 was improved significantly from 0.82 ± 1.26 mm to 3.85 ± 1.25 mm after LPS resection (P = 0.000). The success rate was 80.3%. There were no correlations between MRD change and histopathologic tissue percentages but significant correlation was found between success of surgery and fibrous tissue percentage of resected sample (P = 0.033).
Conclusions
The histopathology of the LPS may be useful in prediction of surgical outcome after LPS resection in congenital ptosis patients. The percentage of fibrous tissue play an important role.
A Novel Approach to Aircraft Range Optimization Using a Streamlined Hollow NACA 0018 Airfoil
Authors: Tiwari Harishankar Balram , Pattanaik Amitansu , Dethe Ganesh Prakash , Bhagat Aniket Dhanraj
Published: September 2023

In this paper, a idea of having a streamlined hollow shape is introduced to the basic NACA airfoil namely, NACA 0018, which is symmetrical along the chord. To obtain detailed information about the pressure, lift, drag, and velocity distribution over the airfoil, along with the coefficient of lift and drag forces, I used popular advanced software such as Catia for design and modelling, structural sizing was also done in Catia, aerodynamic meshing was done in ANSYS fluent, it also helped me to obtain flow solutions. The optimization of the wing is to reduce the weight of the wing along with some decrease in the negative lift for the negative angle of attack of the wing with approximately small decrement in drag for positive angle of attack. Therefore, according to the Breguet equation, there will be the increase in range. According to the power and effective coding of the ANSYS and CATIA, I obtained increase in range in the domain of negative angle of attack. The second most effective thing is that I reduced the planform area but assumed to be constant due to negligible increment. The freestream velocity has been taken as 30 meters per second which comes in the domain of subsonic flight considerations.
Affinity hierarchies and amphiphilic proteins underlie
the co-assembly of nucleolar and heterochromatin condensates
Authors: Karpen Gary H , Rajshekar Srivarsha , Adame-Arana Omar , Bajpai Gaurav , Lin Kyle , Colmenares Serafin , Safran Samuel
Published: September 2023

Nucleoli are surrounded by Pericentromeric Heterochromatin (PCH), reflecting a close spatial association between the two largest biomolecular condensates in eukaryotic nuclei. This nuclear organizational feature is highly conserved and is disrupted in diseased states like senescence, however, the mechanisms driving PCH-nucleolar association are unclear. High-resolution live imaging during early Drosophila development revealed a highly dynamic process in which PCH and nucleolar formation is coordinated and interdependent. When nucleolus assembly was eliminated by deleting the ribosomal RNA genes (rDNA), PCH showed increased compaction and subsequent reorganization to a shell-like structure. In addition, in embryos lacking rDNA, some nucleolar proteins were redistributed into new bodies or ‘neocondensates,’ including enrichment in the core of the PCH shell. These observations, combined with physical modeling and simulations, suggested that nucleolar-PCH associations are mediated by a hierarchy of affinities between PCH, nucleoli, and ‘amphiphilic’ protein(s) that interact with both nucleolar and PCH components. This result was validated by demonstrating that the depletion of one candidate amphiphile, the nucleolar protein Pitchoune, significantly reduced PCH-nucleolar associations. Together, these results unveil a dynamic program for establishing nucleolar-PCH associations during animal development, demonstrate that nucleoli are required for normal PCH organization, and identify Pitchoune as an amphiphilic molecular link that promotes PCH-nucleolar associations. Finally, we propose that disrupting affinity hierarchies between interacting condensates can liberate molecules to form neocondensates or other aberrant structures that could contribute to cellular disease phenotypes.
Fractional Quantum Ferroelectricity
Authors: Xiang Hongjun , Ji Junyi , Yu Guoliang , Xu Changsong
Published: September 2023

For an ordinary ferroelectric, the magnitude of the spontaneous electric polarization is at least one order of magnitude smaller than that resulting from the ionic displacement of the lattice vectors, and the direction of the spontaneous electric polarization is determined by the point group of the ferroelectric. Here, we introduce a new class of ferroelectricity termed Fractional Quantum Ferroelectricity (FQFE). Unlike ordinary ferroelectrics, the polarization of FQFE arises from substantial atomic displacements that are comparable to lattice constants. Applying group theory analysis, we identify 28 potential point groups that can realize FQFE, including both polar and non-polar groups. The direction of polarization in FQFE is found to always contradict with the symmetry of the “polar” phase, which violates Neumann's principle, challenging conventional symmetry-based knowledge. Through the FQFE theory and density functional calculations, we not only explain the puzzling experimentally observed in-plane polarization of monolayer α-In2Se3, but also predict polarization in a cubic compound of AgBr. Our findings unveil a new realm of ferroelectric behavior, expanding the understanding and application of these materials beyond the limits of traditional ferroelectrics.
Advanced Machine Learning Boosting Strategies for Improved Intrusion Detection Performance
Authors: Pulyala Radhika , Boorgam Shiva Yadav , Kakarla Geeta
Published: September 2023

In the rapidly evolving digital landscape, the increased utilization of networks has given rise to numerous security challenges. With the integration of the digital world into society, the emergence of new threats such as viruses and worms has become prevalent. Malicious actors employ various techniques, including password cracking and detecting unencrypted text, to exploit vulnerabilities within computer systems. Consequently, users must prioritize security measures to safeguard their systems against unauthorized intrusions. One well-established method for protecting private networks from external threats is the firewall technique. Firewalls serve as a protective barrier by filtering incoming Internet traffic. However, certain access methods, such as connecting to the Intranet via a modem within the private network, can evade detection by conventional firewalls. To address this issue, a novel system known as a Network Intrusion Detection System (IDS) has been developed to effectively identify and mitigate network attacks. In this project, an Intrusion Detection System utilizing Machine Learning has been developed to accurately determine the presence of intrusions. Multiple models have been constructed using sklearn and ensemble techniques, resulting in exceptional accuracy. This system serves as a proactive approach to bolster network security and confront the constantly developing spectrum of cyber-attacks.
Assessing Anxiety Disorder among Type 2 Diabatic Patients in Damascus, Syria
Authors: Saba Christian , Dagher Rimon , Hammoud Taghreed
Published: September 2023

Introduction:
The incidence of generalized anxiety disorder among individuals with type 2 diabetes has received significant attention from researchers and clinicians alike. While the exact nature of this relationship is complex and still under study, there is a growing body of evidence suggesting that the burden of managing a chronic physical illness may contribute to the development or worsening of anxiety symptoms. Conversely, the emotional and psychological distress associated with generalized anxiety disorder can influence the management and progression of type 2 diabetes.
Methods:
This cross-sectional study was conducted in April 2023 using a convenient sampling pattern. The population was asked to participate voluntarily, and written informed consent was obtained from all participants. They were informed that all their responses were recorded anonymously, that responding to all questions was not mandatory, and that they were allowed to opt out of the survey at any time. The inclusion criteria included type 2 diabetes patients attending the clinic in Damascus Hospital - Syria. The objectives of the study were explained to the participants in a written form attached to the questionnaire.
Results:
The sample in our study consisted of 120 patients with diabetes. Their average age was 57.58 years, with a standard deviation of 15.75 years. The youngest among them was 20 years old, while the oldest among the sample patients was 86 years old.
Also, the average weight of the sample patients was 77.82 kg, with a standard deviation of 14.83 kg. The least weight of the patients was 45 kg, while the largest weight of them was 108 kg. Also with regard to height, the average length of the sample patients was 175.63 cm, with a standard deviation of 12.43 cm, as it was The height of one of the patients, who was considered the shortest, was 150 cm, while the highest value for this variable was 200 cm.
Conclusion:
The latest recommendations regarding the treatment of patients with diabetes should be followed, and diabetic patients should be directed to specialized doctors to evaluate their psychological condition.
Морфо-иммуногистохимические особенности различных стадий грибовидного микоза: обзор литературы
Authors: Шерстнев Андрей Алексеевич , Ковригина А. М.
Published: September 2023

Mycosis fungoides (MF) is the most ubiquitous type of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. MF pathogenesis has not been well studied up to now. Differential diagnosis of the disease, especially at early stages, is complicated and poses a considerable challenge. The present review covers current views on MF pathogenesis and methods of its diagnosis.
Роль трансплантации аутологичных гемопоэтических стволовых клеток в лечении пациентов с системным AL-амилоидозом
Authors: Пирогова Ольга Владиславовна , Кудяшева О. В. , Смирнова А. Г. , Порунова В. В. , Толстова С. В. , Калимулина К. Р. , Черноус М. В. , Власова Ю. Ю. , Моисеев И. С. , Добронравов В. А. , Кулагин А. Д.
Published: September 2023

Aim. To assess the outcomes of autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (auto-HSCT) in systemic AL Amyloidosis patients treated at the R.M. Gorbacheva Scientific Research Institute of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Transplantation.

Materials & Methods. In the period from 2005 to 2022, auto-HSCT was performed in 33 patients with systemic AL Amyloidosis. In 7 of them, auto-HSCT was not preceded by the induction therapy “upfront”. From 2012 all patients received induction therapy prior to transplantation. The median age of patients was 54 years (range 38–68 years); among them there were 17 women and 16 men.

Results. The 3-year follow-up period showed hematological response rate of 76 % (95% confidence interval [95% CI] 50–90 %), heart response rate of 27 % (95% CI 6–55 %), renal response rate of 76 % (95% CI 41–93 %), and hepatic response rate of 26 % (95% CI 8–50 %). The 5-year overall (OS) and progression-free (PFS) survivals were 71 % (95% CI 49–85 %) and 53 % (95% CI 32–71 %), respectively. The OS parameters in the group with delayed auto-HSCT, i.e., after induction therapy, were better than in the “upfront” group: 82 % (95% CI 60–93 %) vs. 43 % (95% CI 10–73 %) (p = 0.03). The OS parameters were affected by health status (p = 0.03), reduced left ventricular ejection fraction < 60 % (p = 0.006), stage of heart disease (p = 0.016), and stage III kidney disease (p = 0.007). The PFS parameters depended on ECOG performance status (p = 0.004) and stage of heart disease (p = 0.041).

Conclusion. The presented data confirm the results of the studies emphasizing the importance of induction therapy prior to auto-HSCT in the treatment of systemic AL Amyloidosis. More stringent parameters of renal function, left ventricular ejection fraction, and ECOG performance status can be used as criteria for auto-HSCT eligibility. Reduced melphalan doses, as conditioning regimen, can be administered to patients with pronounced comorbidity.