bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The exogenous regulation of a phenotypic manifestation of a trait of a photoperiodic sensitivity in soybean
Authors:   V.S. Pustovoit All-Russian Research Institute of Oil Crops, Lukomets V.M. , Zelentsov S.V. ,   V.S. Pustovoit All-Russian Research Institute of Oil Crops, Moshnenko E.V. ,   V.S. Pustovoit All-Russian Research Institute of Oil Crops
Published: December 2022

Soybean is a photoperiodically highly sensitive, short-day plant. There are practically no genes and gene complexes of photoperiodic neutrality in the soybean gene pool. This greatly limits the optimal day lengths and latitudinal ranges of cultivation of the vast majority of soybean varieties. Therefore, the task of neutralizing the negative impact of suboptimal, first of all, shortened day lengths on soybeans is of global importance. The purpose of these studies was to study the possibility of exogenous neutralization of photoperiodic sensitivity of soybeans by using gibberellin solutions on vegetative plants in order to prolong the period of their vegetative growth, the formation of additional nodes of beans and seeds, providing an increase in yield against the background of suboptimal, shortened day lengths. The research was carried out in 2019–2022 at the V.S. Pustovoit All-Russian Research Institute of Oil Crops (VNIIMK), Krasnodar, on soybean varieties Puma, Barguzin, Vita and Slavia. Based on the theory of hormonal regulation of flowering by M.H. Chil-akhyan we developed a method for exogenous regu-lation of a genetically determined trait of high photoperiodic sensitivity of soybeans to shortened day lengths. The most sensitive to exogenous regulation of photoperiodic sensitivity stage of soybean ontogeny – the 4th trifoliate leaf (ontogeny stage V4) was established by treating plants with a solution of gibberellin. The most active concentration of gibberellin aqueous solutions was determined – 0.003%, the application of which to soybean leaves, at the stage of ontogenesis V4, causes prolongation of vegetative plant growth, formation of additional nodes, beans and seeds. Exogenous phytohormonal prolongation of vegetative growth increases the yield of photoperiodically sensitive soybean varieties when they are grown under conditions of shortened day lengths, including in second summer crops after harvesting winter crops.
The Role of the Gulf in Iraq after 2017
Authors: al-Hadithi Mohammed Muazez
Published: December 2022

The commentary analyzes the role of the Gulf in Iraq after 2017 in light of the complex process of Gulf-Iraqi relations from 2003 to 2017. Furthermore, it examines the repercussions of the Gulf crisis, and analyzes the dimensions of the development of the relationship. The study presents a future vision for the relationship in light of a set of determinants related to the Iraqi political reality, Gulf foreign trends, and the impact of the variables affecting the Gulf's role in Iraq.
The Chaos of the Iraqi Constitutional System and Failure of Government
Authors: al Scotti Ghazi
Published: December 2022

This study attempts to present and analyze the chaotic nature of the Iraqi constitutional system since 2005 and its impact on the political-economic and social crises. The study also attempts to explore sectarian problems and political quotas that emerged due to the existence of a deep gap between the culture of reactionary parties that do not believe in the democratic modern state, the philosophy of liberal democracy, institutionalism, the separation of powers, or respect for human rights.
COVID-19 Crisis and EU: Liberal Values versus National Interest
Authors: Obaid Saddam A.H. , Hanifa Nor Aishah
Published: December 2022

With the outbreak of the COVID-19 crisis, a great question arose about the possibility of applying liberal ideas in international politics and whether the national interest would prevail over liberal values in the international system. The EU is one of the most prominent of these case studies, as the countries of the EU suffered from weak collective efforts to combat the spread of COVID-19. This article aims to analyze whether the national interest will prevail over the liberal values of the European Union or not during the crises. This article argues that liberal values flourished tremendously in peace, but in times of crisis, liberal values are put to the test. Sometimes they can fail because national interest calculations are embedded deeply in nation-states. As long as liberal ideas converge with the national interest of nations, liberal institutions like the European Union can stand strong.
Israel and the Syrian Crisis: Ardent Desire and Controlled Risk
Authors: Hazran Yusri
Published: December 2022

This article addresses the strategic Israeli attitude concerning the Syrian crisis, linking the historical conceptualisation of Syria and its role in the Arab-Israeli conflict with Israel’s current strategic considerations and the effect of the Lebanese syndrome upon Israel’s historical collective memory. Syria has always been regarded as Israel’s archenemy due to its organic ties with revolutionary pan-Arabism and support for the struggle against the Jewish State. While Israel thus hoped that the ‘Arab Spring’ uprisings would overthrow the Ba’ath regime or weaken it to the point of collapse, it has refrained from any military intervention, first and foremost because of what may be called the ‘Lebanese syndrome’ —namely, the fear of renewed entanglement and a repeat of its bitter experience in the First Lebanon War.
Fragility fractures of the pelvis: An update
Authors: Rommens Pol Maria , Hofmann Alexander
Published: December 2022

Fragility fractures of the pelvis (FFP) are becoming a frequent diagnosis in clinical practice. FFP typically appear after a low-energy trauma in female patients of old age with osteoporosis. The characteristics of FFP differ from pelvic injuries after high-energy trauma. The new comprehensive FFP-classification reflects the specific morphology of the fractures and distinguishes different categories of instability. Key factors for operative treatment are the degree of instability, late presentation, and failure of conservative treatment. It is recommended to treat FFP type I and FFP type II conservatively, whereas FFP type III and FFP type IV should be treated operatively. Surgical stabilization should be as minimal-invasive as possible. Alternatives for the posterior pelvic ring are ilio-sacral screw osteosynthesis with or without cement augmentation, the transiliac internal fixator, the trans-sacral bar, and lumbopelvic fixation. Alternatives for the anterior pelvic ring are the retrograde transpubic screw, the internal fixator, and plate osteosynthesis. The length of hospital stay and complication ratio is higher after operative treatment, whereas mortality is lower than in the conservative group. Quality of life and mobility are reduced in all patients, independent of the classification and treatment type. The FFP-classification and the treatment recommendations provide a framework for searching for the best solution for each individual patient.
Primary spinal infections: A retrospective review of instrumentation use and graft selection
Authors: Ammanuel Simon Gashaw , Page Paul S. , Greeneway Garret P. , Brooks Nathaniel P.
Published: December 2022

Background:

The use of instrumentation in the setting of primary spinal infections is controversial. While the instrumentation is often required in the presence of progressive deformity due to spinal osteomyelitis (SO), discitis (SD), or spinal epidural abscesses (SEA), many surgeons are concerned about instrumentation increasing the risk of infection recurrence and/or persistence warranting reoperation.

Methods:

We retrospectively reviewed the need for reoperations for persistent infections in 119 patients who presented with primary spinal infections. They were treated with decompressions with/without non-instrumented fusion (70 patients) versus decompressions with instrumented fusions (49 patients).

Results:

The use of primary spinal instrumentation in the presence of infection (SO/SD/SEA) did not increase the requirement for repeated surgery due to recurrent/residual infection when compared to those undergoing decompressions with/without non-instrumented fusions. Of 49 patients who initially required instrumentation, 6 (12.5%) required reoperations for recurrent or residual infection. For the 71 undergoing index decompressions for infection with/without non-instrumented fusion, 9 (12.7%), or nearly an identical percentage, required reoperations for recurrent/residual infection (P = 0.93).

Conclusion:

The use of instrumentation in the treatment of primary spinal infections in a small sample of just 49 patients did not increase the risk for persistent infection warranting reoperations versus 70 patients undergoing initial decompressions with/without non-instrumented fusions.
Bitki Büyümesini Teşvik Eden Rizobakteri (PGPR) ve Artan Dozlarda Deniz Yosunu Uygulamalarının Marul (Lactuca Sativa L) Yetiştiriciliğinde Bitki Gelişimi, Verim ve Besin Elementi İçerikleri Üzerine Etkilerinin Belirlenmesi
Authors: ÇELİK Yusuf
Published: December 2022

Marul tarımında verimin artırılmasına yönelik aşırı kimyasal gübre kullanımı ve monokültür tarım uygulamaları nedeni ile organik madde içerikleri bakımından zayıf olan topraklarda verim ve kalite kayıpları artmaktadır. Bu amaç ile kaybolan verim ve kalitenin artırılması için, çalışmada bitki gelişimini destekleyen rizobakteriler (Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria-PGPR), artan dozlarda deniz yosunu ve % 25 oranında azaltılmış kimyasal gübre(önerilen doz-KG ) uygulamaları tarla koşullarında marul (Lactuca Sativa L.) yetiştiriciliğinde denenmiştir. Çalışmada hasattan sonra bitkilerde; baş boyu ve çapı, kök boğazı çapı, baş ağırlığı, yaprak sayısı, yaprak yaş ve kuru ağırlığı, suda çözünen kuru madde miktarı ve bitki besin elementi içerikleri ölçülmüştür. Bakteri, deniz yosunun ve 1/4 KG (önerilen doz)’nin birlikte uygulamaları sonucunda uygulamaların kontrol uygulamasına göre verimde artış sağladığı ve deniz yosunu dozu artışına bağlı olarak verimde artış olduğu saptanmıştır. Ancak yapılan ölçümler sonucunda PGPR+100 ml DY+1/4 KG uygulaması KG uygulamasından düşük değer almıştır. En yüksek değer alan PGPR+500 ml DY+1/4KG uygulamasının bitki baş boyu bakımından kontrol uygulamasına göre % 27. 6, bitki taç çapına % 14, bitki kök boğazı çapına 23. 2, baş ağırlığına % 312, kök uzunluğuna % 52, yaprak sayısına 24. 2, yaprak kuru ağırlığında % 16. 7 oranında göre artış sağlarken, KG uygulamasına göre bitki baş boyunda %14, baş çapında %7.4 baş ağırlığında % 19 oranında artış sağlamıştır. Marulun önemli kalite kriteri olan SÇKM değerleri incelendiğinde uygulamalar arasında istatistiki olarak önemli bulunmamıştır. Marul yapraklarında yapılan ölçümler sonucunda, uygulamalar bitki besin elementi alımında artış sağlamıştır. Özellikle yaprak N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Zn ve Mn içeriklerinde deniz yosununda doz artışına bağlı olarak artış yaptığı genelde saptanmıştır. Ancak uygulamaların Cu kapsamlarına etkisi önemsiz bulunmuştur. Sonuç olarak; % 25 azaltılmış kimyasal gübreleme(1/4KG) ile birlikte PGPR ve (DY) 300 ml, 400 m l ve 500 ml / da dozlarının marul yetiştiriciliğinde kullanımı, KG (önerilen doz) uygulamasına göre % 19 oranında verim artışı sağlamıştır.
Determination of Rainwater Harvesting Potential: A Case Study from Ege University
Authors: OZEREN ALKAN Merve , HEPCAN Şerif
Published: December 2022

Rainwater is a valuable resource that provides numerous benefits. The necessity of collecting and reusing rainwater has increased in cities where the effects of climate change are prominent. With little effort and a relatively high initial construction cost, harvesting rainwater can be a cost-effective benefit. In addition to its economic benefits it is an environmentally friendly process that prevents the rainwater from going to waste. In this research the roofs of 24 buildings in an area around Ege University Central Campus (Izmir, Turkey), which has a Mediterranean climate, were selected for a pilot project. The amount of rainwater to be harvested was calculated to be 16.570,30 m3. This study determined that the potential rainwater to be harvested from the research area throughout the year could provide 11% of the water required for irrigation of the existing green areas throughout the year and 20% of the water required for irrigation from April to October. Therefore, considering the ratio of the potential rainwater that was harvested during the summer season to the potential rainwater amount that could be harvested throughout the year, this experiment showed the potential benefits of storing the harvested rainwater in the rainy spring and winter seasons throughout the year.
Çocuk Oyun Alanları Planlamasının Günümüzden Geleceğe İrdelenmesi: Didim (Aydın) İlçesi Örneği
Authors: POLAT Zöhre , DOĞAN Sümeyra , ŞAHİN Nilay
Published: December 2022

Hızlı nüfus artışı ve plansız kentleşmenin etkisiyle, kentsel peyzajda farklı yaş gruplarındaki çocuklara hitap eden çocuk oyun alanları yetersiz kalmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amaçları; oyunun çocuk için önemi ve kentsel peyzajda çocuk oyun alanlarının önemini ortaya koymak, çocuk oyun alanlarını peyzaj planlama kapsamında değerlendirerek, Didim (Aydın) ilçesindeki çocuk oyun alanlarının mevcut durumunu ortaya koymaktır.
Didim (Aydın) ilçesindeki çocuk oyun alanları, kantitatif analizlerle yeterlilikleri incelenmiştir. Çocuk oyun alanlarının mevcut ve geleceğe (2022’den 2035 yılına kadar) yönelik durumları ortaya konulmuştur. Kentsel peyzajda çocuk oyun alanlarının bir planlama sistemi ile değerlendirilmesinin gerektiği vurgulanarak, kent içindeki sayılarının artırılması ile ilgili öneriler sunulmuştur.
Mapas mentales para la mejora de los aprendizajes en el área Ciencia Tecnología y Ambiente
Authors: Arocutipa Huanacuni Lupita Esmeralda , Platero Aratia Gilberto
Published: December 2022

El desinterés de los estudiantes en áreas específicas es un problema que incide en el proceso de enseñanza aprendizaje, limitando el provecho de competencias científicas para comprender y actuar frente a fenómenos naturales y fuentes de energía. El objetivo de esta investigación fue exponer la aplicación de mapas mentales para la mejora del aprendizaje en las áreas de ciencia, tecnología y ambiente en los estudiantes de secundaria. La metodología con un enfoque cuantitativo de tipo aplicado y causal, diseño cuasiexperimental de corte trasversal; la muestra fue intencional de 39 educandos, constituida por un grupo control y experimental, en el que se aplicó la encuesta operacionalizada mediante un pretest y postest con validez y fiabilidad. Los resultados de la investigación demostraron diferencias estadísticas (p=0,000<0,05), la media del Grupo Control antes con 10,42 después de la intervención 13,68; y el Grupo Experimental antes 10,80, después de la intervención 15,85; observando niveles bueno y excelente en mujeres más que en hombres del Grupo Experimental. Se concluye que la aplicación de los mapas mentales mejora los aprendizajes estimulando la creatividad y asimilación eficiente de los conocimientos relacionados a las ciencias, implicadas con el bienestar integral del individuo.
Índice de calidad web: análisis situacional de la website turística de la provincia de Santa Elena
Authors: Padilla Gallegos Andrés , Padilla Gallegos Gabriela Guadalupe , Bazán Coloma Karen
Published: December 2022

Actualmente, el turista, al organizar y planificar su viaje acude a las websites que proporcionan información y servicios en un solo click. Si el destino turístico no tiene un sitio web oficial o está configurado de manera deficiente, simplemente este destino no existe para el turista. En este contexto, en la provincia de Santa Elena no se dispone de información sobre la calidad de las websites turísticas que muestren sus beneficios o sus falencias. El objetivo de la presente investigación fue conocer la situación de la website turística de la provincia de Santa Elena a partir de la evaluación del índice de calidad web. La metodología aplicada la desarrolló CODETUR (Comunicación Online de los Destinos Turísticos) y analiza los sitios web desde cuatro aspectos: técnicos, comunicativos, persuasivos y relacionales. De los resultados obtenidos, la mejor puntuación la obtuvieron las dimensiones técnicas y comunicativas; las variables estructura del sitio, facilidad de acceso y posicionamiento tienen mayor valoración, mientras que los aspectos a mejorar son la calidad y persuasión turística, lo que dependerá de una mejor aplicación tecnológica que conduzca a la integración en la página web de motores de búsqueda y sistemas de reservas; así mismo, elementos de convertibilidad web que permita habilitar la página web en dispositivos móviles; y pasar a una web 2.0, donde sea posible interactuar entre clientes y clientes además de, clientes y ODM (Original Design Manufacturer). Las evidencias respecto al desarrollo web, muestran a la provincia en una etapa primitiva, donde los indicadores de calidad web no son tomados en cuenta en la elaboración y producción de sitios web turísticos.
El cadmio y su efecto en el crecimiento de la caña de azúcar (Saccharum officinarum L.)
Authors: Ortiz Conforme Matthew Andy , Pernia Santos Beatriz , Mosquera Aspiazu Ana Gabriela , Gallardo Campoverde Amado Alejandro , Landívar Vera Javier
Published: December 2022

El cadmio (Cd) es peligroso para los seres vivos por su alta toxicidad; estudios demuestran contaminación en suelos agrícolas a causa de este metal pesado. En la presente investigación, se evaluaron los efectos de este metal en cuatro variedades de caña de azúcar cultivadas en la cuenca baja del río Guayas: Ragnar, Cenicaña, ECU01 y ECU02; particularmente los efectos sobre parámetros de crecimiento: altura, diámetro del tallo, número de esquejes y número de hojas. Se seleccionaron esquejes de cada variedad para clasificarlos por cuadruplicado. Durante 300 días fueron expuestos a un sustrato contaminado con cadmio en cinco concentraciones: 0.5, 1, 2, 4 y 8 mg/kg Cd, los cuales fueron contrastados con un control (0 mg/kg). Se realizó un análisis estadístico mediante el cálculo del índice de tolerancia y porcentaje de inhibición de crecimiento. Se redujo en 12,98% el crecimiento de la variedad Cenicaña y la inhibición menor fue la Ragnar (-3,88%); demostrando estímulo de crecimiento a 8 mg/kg de Cd. Las variedades más tolerantes fueron Ragnar y ECU-02 según índice de tolerancia. Estas últimas son las recomendadas para suelos que contengan más de 4 mg/kg de Cd. Se exhorta realizar análisis de cadmio en suelos agrícolas antes de sembrar la caña de azúcar para garantizar la inocuidad alimenticia en Ecuador.
A Simple and Precise Detection of the Adulteration of Olive Oil with Hazelnut Oil Using Lawesson’s Reagent
Authors: Ertas Erdal , Demirtaş İlknur
Published: December 2022

Adulteration of olive oil, particularly with hazelnut oil and/or other less expensive vegetable oils, is among the most encountered ways of defrauding the consumers, which makes the detection of these oils in olive oil an important subject. Off the vegetable oil, the hazelnut oil shows the highest resemblance with olive oil in terms of the lipid profile. Therefore, the profile analysis of the lipidic compounds (fatty acids, sterols, tocols etc.) using common analytical techniques such as High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC), Gas Chromatography with Flame Ionization Detector (GC-FID), etc. does not allow the detection of the hazelnut oil adulteration in olive oil. This study presents a simple and precise method for the detection of hazelnut oil in olive oil through the reaction of Lawesson’s reagent (LR) with 5-methylhept-2-en-4-one (filbertone), known as the specific flavor compound in hazelnut oil and does not exist in other vegetable oils. The reaction produces a non-volatile and stable compound which can be identified by HPLC/UV-Vis system with a sensitivity up to 3.0% (w/w). This is a highly satisfactory limit for the detection of adulteration of olive oil to hazelnut oil. Application of the proposed method is not limited with olive oil and can be applied to other oils as well.
Characterization of peptide O∙∙∙HN hydrogen bonds via multidimensional 1H-detected 15N/17O solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy
Authors: Hung Ivan , Mao Wenping , Keeler Eric G. , Griffin Robert G. , Gor'kov Peter L. , Gan Zhehong
Published: December 2022

Solid-state NMR methods with high resolution and sensitivity are presented for identification and charaterization of hydrogen-bonded 15N/17O atomic pairs in peptide samples. Indirect 1H detection under fast magic-angle spinning, and the stronger 1H-15N and 1H-17O couplings are leveraged to significantly improve sensitivity over previous methods that use direct 15N-17O interactions.
A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF BIOCHEMICAL PARAMETERS AND ELECTROLYTES IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING MAJOR ABDOMINAL AND GYNAECOLOGICAL SURGERIES
Authors: Singh Abhishek , Kumar Ajit , Kumar Ajay , Lamo Yangzin , P. John Sarin
Published: December 2022

To compare Biochemical Parameters and Electrolytes in patients undergoing major abdominal & gynaecological surgeries. 60 patients of either gender of ASA grade I and II scheduled for abdominal & gynaecological surgeries in 9 months durations at AIIMS, Rishikesh were recruited for the study. Patients were divided into 2 groups. Group I was conventional (‘traditional practice’) intravenous fluid group in which balanced salt solution was given as 10 mL/kg bolus followed by 8 mL/kg/hour as infusion until the end of surgery. Group II was restrictive (‘zero balance’) intravenous fluid group in which balanced salt crystalloid at 5 mL/kg/hour as infusion was administered until the end of surgery. Parameters studied were weight, height, BMI, blood urea level, serum creatinine, serum cystatin C levels, serum sodium, serum potassium, serum chloride and eGFR level. Mean age of patients in group I was 47.7 years and in group II was 47.6 years. The mean weight was 54.7 Kgs in group I and 57. Kgs in group II. The mean height was 162.2 cms in group I and 162.6 cms in group II. The mean BMI was 15.1 kg/m2 in group I and 16.04 kg/m2 in group II. The difference found to be non- significant (P> 0.05). Restricted fluid therapy resulted in an increased risk of renal injury as depicted by higher increase in cystatin C levels and resultant fall in estimated GFR.
ANAEMIA AND COMORBIDITIES IN PREGNANT WOMEN ROUTINELY SUPPLEMENTED WITH HAEMATINICS – A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY AT THE AWUTU MUNICIPALITY OF GHANA
Authors: Boachiea J , Attorkwe J. , Jingbeja E. , Adjei P. F , Eshun H. , Essuman M. A
Published: December 2022

Background:Anaemia, thrombocytopenia and cardiovascular disease are major public health problems especially in women of childbearing age and have significant effect on pregnancy outcomes. Supplementation with haematinics such as iron, folic acid and/or multivitamins in pregnancy is targeted at reducing the incidence and/ or severity of anaemia, however, these also influence platelet production and occurrence of obesity. Aim: The aim of the study was to assess anaemia, prolonged bleeding tendency and cardiometabolic risk in pregnant women routinely supplemented with haematinics, attending the Kasoa Polyclinic at the Awutu municipality of Ghana. Methods: The study was a cross-sectional design involving consented pregnant women who were routinely administered haematinic supplements such as iron and folic acid, from their first antenatal visit at the hospital. Socio-demographic data was collected using structured questionnaires. In addition, anthropometrics including body mass index (BMI) was obtained. EDTA anticoagulated venous blood samples were obtained for haemoglobin (Hb) and platelet count estimation using automated full blood count analyzer (Sysmex XP 300, USA). Bleeding time assay and stained thin blood films were examined for platelet disorders. The data was analyzed using SPSS version 22.0, and p-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The prevalence of anaemia was 53 (51.4%), with 26 (25.2%)-mild and 27 (26.2%)-moderate cases. Likewise, 39 (37.9%) were overweight whereas 40 (38.8%) were obese, whereas 4 (3.9%) had thrombocytopenia. Among the pregnant women utilizing the antenatal care, 98 (95%) confirmed absolute compliance with the haematinic supplementation schedule. Employment and education were significantly associated with compliance. Anaemia prevalence was significantly associated with thrombocytopenia in the pregnant women. Conclusion: The study revealed that although there was high compliance with the haematinic supplementation, the prevalence of anaemia was high and was associated with thrombocytopenia and cardiometabolic risk.
A REVIEW ON CULTURAL PRACTICE AS AN EFFECTIVE PEST MANAGEMENT APPROACH UNDER INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT
Authors: Poudel Dikshya , Bashyal Soniya , Gautam Bhola
Published: December 2022

Integrated Pest Management is a sustainable and holistic approach based on ecological, biological, physical and chemical tactics for controlling pests in the field that, in any way, minimizes risk towards the health and environment. IPM methods involve identifying and knowing the characters of possible pests, making efforts to prevent prevalence, judgment of severity of pest-disease infestation through scouting and monitoring techniques. This paper highlights some of the already practiced strategies and experiments with interpretation of results obtained in various field conditions suggesting wider implications of IPM for managing pests in our fields. The review collects and studies some of the basic and commonly adopted cultural practices like clean and healthy crop growth, trap crop plantation, crop rotation, crop combinations etc. Cost effectiveness, ease of execution, instantly observable results etc are some unattainable aspects affecting IPM adoptions yet farmers seem somewhat encouraged towards sustainable and healthy production in recent years. It is necessary to know about crop and pest biology, ecology, phenology and their links/interaction to successfully implement cultural practices.
MINOR SPICE SUITABILITY AND YIELD PERFORMANCE AT CHARLAND UNFAVORABLE ECO-SYSTEM
Authors: Rahman Jubaidur , Hasan Tipu Mohammad Monirul , Rahman Md. Mashiur , Ali M R
Published: December 2022

Spices have been used since ancient times. A spice can be purchased in a variety of forms, including fresh, whole dried, or pre-ground dry, which requires additional processing before being used as a value-added product. Spices have been shown to help prevent and treat a range of ailments, including cancer, aging, metabolic, neurological, cardiovascular, and inflammatory diseases. Bangladesh is already experiencing the adverse effect of global warming and climate change. For that reason, government of Bangladesh has placed special emphasis on the development of minor crops under crop diversification programme. Bangladesh has 0.83 million of hectares of land under Charland which English meaning riverine island with 64 to 97 percent of it under cultivable as a result vast area of unfavorable eco-system specially char land may be selected to produce minor spices. The present review aims to know the suitability and yield performance of minor spices at charland of Bangladesh during rabi 2019-2020. In the experiment black cumin, fennel, coriander, fenugreek and dill considered as minor spices which were produced in char land well performed. They have extra character of well developed root length for uptake of water when faced water scarcity. Char land may be selected to produce minor spices for full fill the demand of our country and save foreign currency.
Infrastructure and Health System Performance in Africa
Authors: Osakede Uche
Published: December 2022

Empirical findings for the effect of infrastructure on health system performance and across a range of infrastructure types in Africa are not common. This is important for ascertaining the infrastructure with more influence on health systems. Findings in this regard are vital in Africa where health systems perform poorly, with fiscal challenges for public provision of health care needs. This paper examined the effect of infrastructure types on health system performance in Africa using data for 54 countries in the region and over the period 2003–2018. Health system performance is captured by population health outcome. Findings are shown using the System GMM estimation technique. The results showed a significant effect of transport and ICT in improving the length of life and reducing under-five mortality. Improvement in ICT reduced maternal deaths. An increase in all infrastructure types (transport, electricity and ICT) significantly reduced infant mortality. From the results, only ICT is associated with improvement in all population health outcome variables used in the study. Findings suggest the key role of infrastructure on health system performance, with ICT shown to have more influence on health systems than other infrastructure types. The provision and use of ICT should therefore be given top priority in the pursuit of better health system performance in Africa.
Trans-differentiation of trophoblast stem cells: implications in placental biology
Authors: Paul Madhurima , Chakraborty Shreeta , Islam Safirul , Ain Rupasri
Published: December 2022

Trophoblast invasion is a hallmark of hemochorial placentation. Invasive trophoblast cells replace the endothelial cells of uterine spiral arteries. The mechanism by which the invasive trophoblast cells acquire this phenotype is unknown. Here, we demonstrate that, during differentiation, a small population of trophoblast stem (TS) cells trans-differentiate into a hybrid cell type expressing markers of both trophoblast (TC) and endothelial (EC) cells. In addition, a compendium of EC-specific genes was found to be associated with TS cell differentiation. Using functional annotation, these genes were categorized into angiogenesis, cell adhesion molecules, and apoptosis-related genes. HES1 repressed transcription of EC genes in TS cells. Interestingly, differentiated TCs secrete TRAIL, but its receptor DR4 is expressed only in ECs and not in TCs. TRAIL induced apoptosis in EC but not in TC. Co-culture of ECs with TC induced apoptosis in ECs via extrinsic apoptotic pathway. These results highlight that (a) TS cells possess the potential to trans-differentiate into “trophendothelial” phenotype, regulated by HES1 and (b) trophoblast differentiation-induced TRAIL secretion directs preferential demise of ECs located in their vicinity.
REGIONAL TRADE AGREEMENTS OF THE EUROPEAN UNION: NEGOTIATION MECHANISM, CLASSIFICATION, GOALS
Authors:   MGIMO University, Ryabchikov Anton A.
Published: December 2022

This article discusses the system of regional trade agreements (RTA) of the European Union (EU) as an instrument of trade policy and economic diplomacy of the Union. It analyzes the existing EU mechanism for negotiating RTAs with third countries as well as the main types of these agreements according to the classification of the European Commission. It outlines the main goals pursued by the Union when concluding the RTAs and gives an overview of the available information on the effectiveness of the EU’s network of bilateral trade agreements. It is concluded that the main objectives of the EU when using this instrument of trade policy are to promote the interests of European business, create leverage for exerting political influence on third countries and advance European ideals of democracy and a market economy around the world.
PROSPECTS FOR COOPERATION BETWEEN THE REPUBLIC OF AZERBAIJAN AND THE EEU
Authors:   MGIMO University, Nizami Abdullayev Nazim
Published: December 2022

The article considers a poorly studied topic in the Russian literature — the prospects of relations between the Republic of Azerbaijan and the Eurasian Economic Union. The author applies the comparative legal method to analyze the strategic economic goals of both the EAEU and Azerbaijan to identify their correlation with each other. The author proposes three possible scenarios for the development of bilateral relations between the integration association and the South Caucasian Republic: obtaining observer status for Azerbaijan, negotiation and signing of an "association agreement", which would aim to harmonize and further unify the legal field of the two parties and harmonize the strategic objectives in the economic sphere. The third and most likely format of interaction is the signing of an agreement on in-depth cooperation, similar to the cooperation agreement between the EAEU and the PRC, and the establishment of a joint committee to strengthen trade and economic cooperation.
Quality attributes of Black-Chin Tilapia (Sarotherodon melanotheron) surimis
treated with different cryoprotectants
Authors: Perdio A.C. , Valerio R.B. , Consigna M.J.S. , Llave D.S. , Gonzales A.J.V. , Turtur M.L.
Published: December 2022

This baseline investigation tried four surimi formulations using three common
cryoprotectants namely sucrose, sorbitol and sodium tripolyphosphate for Black-Chin
Tilapia (Sarotherodon melanotheron), an invasive species and known prolific pest in
Philippine farm ponds, and then compared the quality attributes of the products across
formulations and against those reported from previous studies that utilized more popular
species in surimi processing. The quality parameters analysed were pH level, functional
properties (water holding capacity, foamability and emulsifiability) and gel strength and
elasticity. The surimi formulation that yielded the best quality attributes was the 6%
sucrose with 0.5% STPP. The formulation yielded a pH value of 6.33-6.47, a water
holding capacity of 3.87-3.98 mL/g, a foaming capacity of 23.06-30.70%, a foaming
stability of 13.31-15.19%, an emulsifying capacity of 47.50-47.83%, an emulsifying
stability of 81.17-85.00%, a folding test score of 5.00, and a biting test score of 9.00. Still,
a better understanding of the effects of different concentrations of cryoprotectants
(presently used and other kinds) on the functionality of S. melanotheron surimi is
recommended to rationally improve the quality attributes. Also, frozen storage analyses
are needed for several and longer periods to see how long the S. melanotheron surimi can
withstand freezing for specific formulations. It is concluded that S. melanotheron surimi,
with the right formulations, can be at par with quality with those made from traditional
raw materials.
EXPROPRIAÇÃO CULTURAL: AS REFORMAS DA BNCC E DO ENSINO MÉDIO EM DEBATE
Authors: Rezera Danielle , Lopes Walson
Published: December 2022

Nos propusemos a debater os sentidos mais profundos das recentes políticas educacionais, que são a BNCC e a reforma do Ensino Médio, e suas implicações na conformação de um currículo culturalmente rebaixado e instrumentalizado para atender aos desígnios do capital neoliberal. Aludimos a importância de múltiplos aparelhos privados de hegemonia na direção desse processo, com destaque para o Movimento pela Base, convergentes e articulados na expropriação cultural do processo de formação integral e desinteressado dos estudantes brasileiros.
English for Agricultural Engineering Students
Authors:   Timirâzevskaâ selʹskohozâjstvennaâ akademiâ, Porcescu G. V. , Бабушкина Л. Е.
Published: December 2022

The study manual is aimed at developing and consolidating language skills necessary for reading professional literature, as well as at developing communicative competence of students, which will allow them to use English in their professional activities. The textbook is intended for Bachelor degree students in Agricultural Engineering, for students of further professional training, teachers, and everyone who is interested in studying English.
Examining Feelings of Anxiety Experienced by Secondary Students in L2 Evaluative Situations
Authors:   Universitat de les Illes Balears, Amengual Pizarro Marian
Published: December 2022

The main purpose of this study is to examine the potential impact of self-reported test anxiety on L2 academic achievement. The study sample consisted of eighty-five students from ten different state secondary schools in. Majorca. Data were collected using the Spanish version of the Cognitive Test Anxiety Scale (CTAS). The results show that participants suffer from moderate to high test self-reported anxiety levels, regardless of actual academic English proficiency. The findings reveal a significant effect of participants’ self-reported English proficiency on both general test anxiety, and test anxiety directly related to a high-stakes English test (the Spanish University Entrance Examination, SUEE), suggesting that self-perception of proficiency is a stronger predictor of test anxiety than actual academic grades. Additionally, a significant relationship between gender and self-reported test anxiety on the high-stakes English test was found, which indicates that female students tend to perceive certain exam situations as more personally threatening than males. In contrast, school setting (urban versus suburban) was not directly related to test anxiety.
Blanco White’s Translations from El conde Lucanor: Two Medieval Spanish Tales in Romantic Britain
Authors:   Universidad de Valladolid, Medina Calzada Sara
Published: December 2022

This paper analyses Joseph Blanco White’s English translations of tales XI and XLIV of Don Juan Manuel’s El conde Lucanor (c. 1331-1335), which were published in the New Monthly Magazine in 1824. In these fairly free translations, Blanco rewrites and recontextualises the tales by updating and adapting them to the knowledge and expectations of the target readership. His translation decisions, paratexts and the articles on El conde Lucanor that he also published in Variedades; o Mensajero de Londres in 1824 shed light on his ideas on Spanish literature and national identity as well as on his role as commentator and disseminator of Spanish culture in Britain. His translations construct a particular representation of Spain where he underlines those aspects that he believes to be genuinely Spanish, while also including some stereotypical elements of the Romantic image of Spain in Britain.
Storied Geographies: Settler Extractivism and Sites of Indigenous Resurgence in Cherie Dimaline’s Empire of Wild
Authors:   Uniwersytet Mikołaja Kopernika w Toruniu, Siepak Julia
Published: December 2022

This article offers a reading of Cherie Dimaline’s Empire of Wild (2019) that focuses on the novel’s poetics of space, which contests settler colonial extractive geographies. Adopting a strong Métis- and women’s perspective, Dimaline’s narrative explores the contemporary Métis condition, which is marked by dispossession and displacement under settler colonialism, and the precarity connected with rampant resource extraction in Canada. In order to tackle the tensions between settler- and Indigenous conceptualizations of space, I provide a brief overview of settler Canadian land politics, and describe the nation’s reliance on fossil fuels applying the concepts of petrostate and petroculture. By incorporating a Rogarou figure, a lupine monster in Métis stories, Dimaline embeds her novel within the traditional stories of her people, demonstrating their potential to critique and contest settler colonial geographies marked by extraction. The analysis approaches Indigenous storytelling as a strategy that resists dispossession and tackles the representation of Métis bodies as sites of resurgence.
“A Natural Anomaly”: Democracy, Equality and Citizenship in Nineteenth-century British Travelogues about America
Authors:   Uniwersytet Łódzki, Fruzińska Justyna
Published: December 2022

Many British travelers who visited America in the first half of the nineteenth century did so in order to see first-hand the democratic system and, depending on their own political views, warn their British readers against its dangers or present the U.S. as a model to imitate. My paper focuses on British travelogues written between the end of the Napoleonic wars (1815) and the American Civil War (1861), exploring how their authors conceived the American system and how they wanted to portray it to their compatriots. While progressive writers such as Harriet Martineau and Frances Wright believed that the young republic could, at most, be faulted on not being democratic and egalitarian enough, Tories such as Frances Trollope, Basil Hall and Charles Augustus Murray believed that the American model was harmful. The word “citizens” was used by them as a term of abuse, to signify people characterized by materialism and bad manners. They warned against equality, which they thought would result in leveling down, the tyranny of the majority and universal suffrage. The American model of citizenship seemed menacing especially in the 1830s and 1840s, when British Conservatives felt that the order of the Empire was threatened by the Radicals and the Chartist movement.
Representaciones sociales: una forma de comprender las vivencias de universitarios en tiempos de la pandemia de COVID-19
Authors: Borda Arias María Isabel
Published: December 2022

Este estudio tiene como propósito identificar las representaciones sociales a partir del análisis del discurso para comprender y dar sentido a las prácticas de la sociedad en el periodo de la pandemia generada por la COVID-19. La muestra está conformada por 58 universitarios de Bogotá, a quienes se le aplica una encuesta con pregunta abierta. En el análisis de contenido se identifican dieciocho categorías emergentes y veintisiete subcategorías que se estructuran en tres dimensiones: significados sociales representativos de la pandemia de COVID-19, desarrollo de estrategias de afrontamiento y sentimientos. La caracterización que se logra identificar de las representaciones sociales de la actual pandemia es importante porque ayuda a orientar adecuadamente el comportamiento social y la recuperación pospandemia
Políticas públicas para la justicia de géneros e igualdad en Argentina
Authors: García-Gualda Suyai
Published: December 2022

El presente artículo es producto de una investigación cualitativa-teórica en la que se persigue como objetivo indagar en la noción de justicia de géneros y, a partir de allí, reflexionar sobre las políticas de estado orientadas a tal fin. Específicamente, en este escrito se analiza una política pública para la igualdad: la creación del Cuerpo de Abogadas-os para víctimas de violencia de género. El período de análisis abarca desde 2015, año en el que se sancionó la norma que da origen a la política analizada, hasta 2021. A partir de un exhaustivo proceso de relevamiento y procesamiento documental se concluye que se trata de una experiencia que puede ser entendida como una buena práctica en el camino hacia la igualdad y la justicia de géneros en el país. Por ello, se argumenta la necesidad de problematizar y avanzar con esta política desde una perspectiva feminista interseccional e intercultural capaz de atender a las múltiples desigualdades que afectan a las mujeres y disidencias.
Elementos clave del socialismo con características chinas: desarrollo intelectual hasta el mandato de Xi Jinping
Authors: García-Vázquez Borja
Published: December 2022

El socialismo con características chinas es un cuerpo doctrinal conformado por el aporte ideológico de los dirigentes políticos de República Popular China desde Mao Zedong hasta Xi Jinping, en un compendio intelectual flexible, que sin olvidar sus raíces ha sabido adaptarse a las nuevas necesidades del país, combinando elementos del saber tradicional chino, presentando una interpretación del marxismo-leninismo netamente original. Este artículo tiene por finalidad identificar los elementos que dan sustento al modelo ideológico promovido por el Partido Comunista de China, por medio de la revisión documental del discurso de sus líderes, de acuerdo a lo contenido en los volúmenes publicados por la Editorial  Lenguas Extranjeras, que en conclusión muestra cómo se ha originado un sistema teórico que es flexible y adaptable, fundado en un partido único de ideología marxista que defiende la coexistencia con el capitalismo, la apertura económica para la obtención de inversión extranjera, la integración de los distintos estratos sociales y la reducción de la desigualdad entre ellos, como medio con el que vertebrar la actividad de esta institución, que ostenta su primacía como guía del pueblo de la China continental.
SOLUTION TO THE EQUITY PREMIUM PUZZLE
Authors: ARAS Atilla
Published: December 2022

This study provides the solution to the equity premium puzzle. The new model was developed by including the behavior of investors toward risk in financial markets in prior studies. The calculations of this newly tested model show that the value of the coefficient of relative risk aversion is 1.033526 by assuming the value of the subjective time discount factor to be 0.99. Furthermore, investors investing in risk-free asset allocate negative utility for an uncertain wealth value, while those investing in equity allocate positive utility for an uncertain wealth value in 1977 that is automatically selected as the year for the determination of the behavior of investors toward risk. Since the above mentioned values are compatible with the existing empirical studies, they confirm the validity of the newly derived model that provides the solution to the equity premium puzzle.
HASTANE YATIRIMLARI ÜZERİNDE ETKİLİ OLAN FAKTÖRLERİN GRİ İLİŞKİSEL ANALİZ YÖNTEMİYLE BELİRLENMESİ
Authors: ARSLAN Emine , KAYAHAN Cantürk
Published: December 2022

Hastaneler hizmet sektörü içinde en önemli kuruluşların başında gelmektedir. Özellikle örgütsel yapısının karmaşıklığı ve insan sağlığı odaklı olması, günümüz hastane yatırım kararlarını daha stratejik hale getirmiştir. Bunun yanında hastanelerde hizmet kalitesinin sürekliliği, etkin bir insan kaynakları politikasının yürütülmesini de gerektirmektedir. Çünkü hastane yatırımları reel yatırımlardan daha çok beşeri yatırımları da gerektirmekte, hasta, doktor ve diğer hastane personeli arasındaki koordinasyonu da zorunlu kılmaktadır. Bu çalışmada Afyonkarahisar ili için hastane yatırımları üzerinde etkili olan faktörler Gri İlişkisel Analiz yöntemiyle incelenmiştir. Böylece bilinen ve kısmen bilinmeyen bilgi bütünü üzerinden hastane yatırımlarının değerlendirilebilmesi hedeflenmiştir. Bilindiği gibi Çok Kriterli Karar Verme Yöntemleri, gerek hizmet gerekse diğer işletmeler için geleceğe dönük ve farklı amaçlarla kullanılabilmektedir. Sonuçların ulaşılabilirliği ve analiz edilebilirliği kadar, sektörlere göre ayrıntılı olarak yorumlanabilmesi de günümüz kurumsal stratejik başarısı için vazgeçilmezdir. Dolayısıyla bu çalışmada hastane yatırımları üzerinde etkili olan 7 temel faktör ve her bir faktörün alt kategorileri, Gri İlişkisel Yöntem kullanılarak sektör yöneticileri ve uzmanlarının bakış açılarıyla ayrıntılı olarak değerlendirilmiştir.
DİKEY BÜTÜNLEŞMENİN ÖNCÜLÜ OLARAK BELİRSİZLİK YAPISININ ÖĞELERİ VE KAYNAK BAĞIMLILIĞI TEORİSİ’NİN BAKIŞ AÇISI
Authors: ELBER BÖRÜ Deniz , MASATÇI Kürşat Fatih
Published: December 2022

Dikey bütünleşme, örgütün yapısına dair verilen önemli stratejik kararlardan biridir. Örgüt teorisi alanında, kritik karar vericilerin dikey bütünleşme ya da bütünleşmeme kararına etki eden en önemli çevresel değişkenlerden biri belirsizlik olagelmiştir. İşlem Maliyeti Teorisi’nde; yüksek düzeyde belirsizlik, yüksek işlem maliyeti getireceği için, bu faaliyetin örgüt içine taşınması önerilmektedir. Reel Opsiyonlar Teorisi ise dikey bütünleşmeye bir opsiyon mantığı ile yaklaşmaktadır. Yüksek düzeyde çevresel belirsizlik durumlarında yatırımın sonuçlarını görerek ilerlemeyi, dolayısıyla beklemenin ya da kademeli bütünleşmenin daha uygun olacağını belirtmektedir. Dikey bütünleşmenin öncülü olarak belirsizliği ele alan en önemli örgüt teorilerinden bir diğeri de Kaynak Bağımlılığı Teorisi (KBT)’dir. Ancak teoride, belirsizliğin ne şekilde ele alındığı ve bağımlılık ve dikey bütünleşme ile ilişkisi net şekilde ortaya konmadığı için, belirsizlik yapısı es geçilmiş ve bağımlılık-dikey bütünleşme ilişkisi daha fazla araştırmaya konu olmuştur. Bu makalenin amacı; belirsizlik yapısının öğelerini tespit etmek ve bu öğeler bağlamında Kaynak Bağımlılığı Teorisi’nin belirsizliği nasıl ele aldığını ortaya koyarak, bu alanda çalışma yapacak araştırmacıların teoriyi önceliklendirmelerine yardımcı olmaktır.