bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
HIV-1 Genotyping and Drug Resistance by Next Generation Sequencing v1
Authors: M McGruder Rawson Brenna , Schimenti Matthew , Blanton Jason
Published: March 2021

The Florida Department of Health's Bureau of Public Health Laboratories in Jacksonville is developing a protocol for the Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) of HIV, primarily for the purpose of drug-resistant mutation identification. This HIV-1 protocol uses amplicon based sequencing. The amplified pol gene regions are used in both genotyping and drug resistance determination. The NGS data generated can also be used in surveillance and outbreak monitoring, giving epidemiologist more information about circulating viral genomes. The imminent sunsetting of ViroSeq (Abbott Molecular) has required many labs to look for new methods to continue identifying HIV-1 drug resistance strains for both clinical management and epidemiological study. NGS was chosen as it is more cost effective than investing in a single pathogen platform. NGS allows for one sample to produce results and data that can aid not just a patient but an entire population.
Push/Pull Factors, Networks and Student Migration from Côte d’Ivoire to France and Switzerland
Authors: Dago Franck , Barussaud Simon
Published: March 2021

Since 2011, the Ivorian government has invested heavily in higher education to meet its labour market’s growing demand. In this article, we analyse the drivers of Ivorian student mobility from Côte d’Ivoire to France and Switzerland, highlighting the central role of migrant networks. We focus on the decision-making process and find that migration networks play an important role at every step: from initial aspirations to concrete plans and efforts to study abroad. Using 38 in depth interviews and two focus groups with Ivorian students who aspire to study in France and Switzerland, members of the education board, migration officers, and members of the Ivorian diaspora, we reveal that the functioning of the Ivorian higher education system is a factor of uncertainty for many students who consider that salvation can only come from migration. In addition, social representations linked to foreign diplomas inspire Ivorian students to choose international mobility. Migrant networks further encourage Ivorian students to move abroad because stories from successful migrants sharing their mobility experience are coupled with the provision of key resources to support mobility projects.
Ambitions of Bushfalling through Further Education: Insights from Students in Cameroonian Universities
Authors: Nyamnjoh Henrietta
Published: March 2021

Following a surge in civil unrest, the need and ambitions to migrate have increased among young Cameroonians. This article explores how Cameroonian youth and graduates use education as a gateway for migration, selecting new routes and destinations to maximise their chances of migration. Drawing on in-depth interviews with aspiring migrants, I show that long-standing aspirations to migrate have led to a symbiotic relationship between aspiring migrants and migration agents who facilitate and determine the route and destination for the entire process. This relationship reflects aspiring migrants who desire to migrate at all cost rather than planning carefully, often with little information guiding in the process. I argue that migration responds to cultural and political influences as much as ontological (in)security that cannot be defined solely in economic terms. The meaning of ‘successful’ migration is produced and reified through the overt display and interpretations of migration.
Rational Actors, Passive and Helpless Victims, Neither, Both: EU Borders and the Drive to Migrate in the Horn of Africa
Authors: Nshimbi Christopher Changwe
Published: March 2021

This article argues that neither borders nor the ways in which migrants see them constitute significant deterrents to the migrants’ resolve to migrate. The argument is based on an investigation of migrants en route to Europe from the Horn of Africa and the ways in which they see EU external borders and how that contributes to the decision to migrate. The article advances critiques of rational choice models of migrant decision-making that are based mainly on economic factors and contributes to theoretical explanations of why some people in the Horn of Africa migrate irregularly, despite measures enforced by state authorities to curb their movement. The article draws on a qualitative thematic analysis of personal face-to-face interviews conducted with migrants from four countries in the Horn of Africa who were in Ethiopia at the time of the research. In the interviews, there was sufficient evidence that migrants had realistic perceptions of European borders and that life in Europe might not be rosy. But this did not dampen the resolve to migrate. Solutions other than those that inhibit movement but understand, are sensitive to and include the perceptions of migrants are more likely to effectively address challenges associated with irregular migration.
A Systematic Review and Conceptual Model of International Student Mobility Decision-Making
Authors: Albien Anouk J. , Mashatola Ngoako J.
Published: March 2021

This research synthesizes the most recent studies on the international student mobility of higher education students. Our aim is to begin to conceptualise and predict the barriers, enablers and determinants from an organisational psychology perspective that may contribute to the limited decision making of higher education students to become internationally mobile. Previous studies were used to examine the uncertainties and difficulties documented in other international student groups to try to understand the determinants of internationally mobile versus non internationally mobile students, and make transferrable conceptual links to South African higher education students. These conceptual links are framed in an organizational psychology perspective. This article uses a systematic review methodology and began by framing review objectives, identifying relevant publications, establishing criteria for selecting the studies that were analyzed, summarizing the evidence found, and drawing relevant conclusions. A conceptual model is proposed as an extension of the current international student mobility literature and merged with organizational psychology theory to develop a new future research line. Research limitations are addressed, and practical implications are discussed to assess whether interventions can be created to support international mobility decision-making amongst international students in general, and South African higher education students in particular, to create a globally competitive workforce and sustainable employment paths.
Decision-Making Under Uncertainty: African Migrants in the Spotlight
Authors: Ruedin Didier
Published: March 2021

This thematic issue examines questions of decision-making under limited (and contradictory) information, focusing on migration decisions. Migrants are far from a homogenous population, but they commonly use narratives as heuristics. We observe much agency among migrants to pursue migration plans, with migration decisions best understood as chains of multiple decisions rather than simple push-pull or two-step models.
Peripartum cardiomyopathy: epidemiology, pathophysiology, and management
Authors: Rudaeva E. V. , Khmeleva I. A. , Moses K. B. , Moses V. G. , Zakharov I. S. , Elgina S. I. , Marciyash A. A. , Kolpinskiy G. I. , Shapkin A. A.
Published: March 2021

The article summarizes the current knowledge on epidemiology, pathophysiology, and management of patients with peripartum cardiomyopathy. The incidence of peripartum cardiomyopathy varies and largely depends on the geographic region. The overall mortality reaches up to 4-28%. Risk factors for developing peripartum cardiomyopathy include multiple pregnancies and multiple births, family history, smoking, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, preeclampsia, poor nutrition, older or adolescent maternal age, and long-term treatment with beta-adrenergic agonists. Genetic factors play the leading role in the pathophysiology of peripartum cardiomyopathy. It is generally confirmed by family history and the incidence variation depending on the geographical region. The pathogenetic role of vasoinhibin, an isoform of prolactin, is described. Vasoinhibin has antiangiogenic, proapoptotic, proinflammatory, and vasoconstrictor effects. The important role of an imbalance between angiogenic and antiangiogenic factors is discussed. There are no guidelines for obstetricians and gynecologists on the management of pregnant women, parturient women, and postpartum women. One of the reasons is the absence of evidence. An urgent cesarean section is indicated if the pregnant woman has acute heart failure and requires inotropic support and/or invasive therapy. However, 2018 ESC Guidelines for the Management of Cardiovascular Diseases during Pregnancy recommend vaginal delivery in these patients.
A presença dos refugiados do século XXI no Brasil: uma leitura da xenofobia a partir do discurso da crise econômica
Authors: Rolim Peixoto Arnelle , Martins Cavalcanti Camilla , Pinto de Sena Kananda Beatriz
Published: March 2021

Resumo: o refúgio apresenta-se como uma forma de sobrevivência para uma parcela da população no período da globalização do século XXI, em detrimento das crises políticas, sociais e econômicas. Nesse sentido, o trabalho tem como objetivo analisar se o discurso da crise econômica brasileira fomenta a xenofobia aos refugiados acolhidos pelo Brasil. Assim sendo, o artigo dividiu-se em duas etapas. Inicialmente, expôs-se o contexto migratório do século XXI, com a explanação do amparo legal internacional e nacional voltado para a questão do refúgio. Em seguida, evidenciou-se a possibilidade de o discurso da crise econômica ser fomentador da xenofobia. A pesquisa contou com metodologia do tipo bibliográfica, pura, de natureza qualitativa, com fins descritivos e exploratórios, mediante a análise legislativa e dos dados do Comitê Nacional para Refugiados (CONARE), bem como do Instituto Brasileiro de geografia (IBGE), dos quais foram resultados gráficos. Com isso, conclui-se que o discurso da "crise econômica" é um estimulador de condutas xenofóbicas, devendo tais comportamentos ser combatidos com eficiência para que, assim, sejam garantidos os direitos dos refugiados no Brasil.Palavras-chave: direitos dos refugiados, crise econômica, xenofobia.Abstract: Seeking asylum presents itself as a surviving strategy to a part of the population in the 21st century globalization period due to political, social and economic crisis. In this regard, this paper aims to analyze if the Brazilian economic crisis discourse stimulates xenophobia towards refugees sheltered in Brazil. Therefore, this article is divided into two stages. Initially, the migratory context in the 21st century is exposed, followed by and explanation of the international and national legal support regarding the refugee issue. Then, the possibility of the economic discourse as a xenophobia stimulator was pointed out. The research is based on a bibliographic methodology, pure, qualitative, descriptive and exploratory, using a legislative and data analysis of the National Refugee Committee. Thus, it is concluded that the economic crisis discourse does promote xenophobic practices, and those behaviors must be efficiently combated to there by guarantee human rights to refugees in Brazil.Keywords: refugee law, economic crisis, xenophobia.
Formação docente no ensino superior: relevância da formação stricto sensu
Authors: Pronievicz Barreto José Victor , Coelho da Cunha Filho Luiz Fernando , Rego Fabíola Cristine de Almeida
Published: March 2021

ResumoEste trabalho aborda a formação docente no Ensino Superior e objetiva, através de pesquisa bibliográfica, abordar sobre a formação do professor universitário, seus principais aspectos e relevâncias, como a trajetória de formação, as concepções de docência, o conhecimento pedagógico e a legislação brasileira e a docência. O professor desempenha função primordial na formação de outros profissionais, sendo assim, sua própria formação reflete diretamente em seus alunos e, por conseguinte, no desenvolvimento e estruturação dos futuros profissionais. Na trajetória de formação do docente é necessário compreender as relações existentes e mútuas entre o domínio do saber (conhecimento científico) e do saber fazer (conhecimento prático), uma vez que o acúmulo de títulos e conhecimentos não compõe um professor universitário de excelência, a prática docente deve objetivar a formação de saberes, a capacitação, o desenvolvimento de habilidades e competência dos alunos, e por fim, a formação de profissionais. Construída ao longo da carreira profissional, a formação do professor universitário vai além dos programas de graduação e pós-graduação convencionais, extrapolando-se para um contexto de aprendizagem que envolve conhecimentos teóricos e práticos obtidos na vivência diária dentro da Instituição de Ensino, englobando os alunos, demais professores e a sociedade como um todo.
Palavras-chave: Docência. Educação Superior. Professor Universitário.
AbstractThis work deals with teacher education in higher education and aims, through bibliographic research, to address the formation of the university professor, its main aspects and relevance, such as the formation trajectory, teaching conceptions, pedagogical knowledge and Brazilian legislation and teaching. The teacher plays a fundamental role in the training of other professionals, and thus, their own formation reflects directly on their students, and therefore on the development and structuring of future professionals. In the teacher education trajectory, it is necessary to understand the existing and mutual relations between the knowledge domain (scientific knowledge) and know-how (practical knowledge), since the titles and knowledge accumulation does not make up a university professor of excellence, teaching practice should aim at the knowledge formation, training, students’ skills and competence development, and, finally, the professionals fromation. Built throughout the professional career, the university professor training goes beyond conventional graduate and postgraduate programs, extrapolating to a learning context that involves theoretical and practical knowledge obtained in daily experience within the educational institution, encompassing the students, other teachers and the society.
Keywords: Teaching. College education. College professor.
First Report on Transplacental Transmission of Anaplasma marginale in Neonatal Dairy Calves from District Jhang, Punjab, Pakistan
Authors: Ahmad Atif Farhan
Published: March 2021

The current study was planned to evaluate the transplacental transmission potentials of Anaplasma marginale among naturally infected adult dairy cattle in district Jhang, Punjab, Pakistan. A dairy farm was selected after a district level survey having highest number of blood smear, cELISA and PCR positives of A. marginale infected pregnant crossbred cows (Holstein Friesian × Cholistani). Blood samples were collected from dams (within 4 months of their pregnancies and at the time of parturitions) as well as from the new-born calves (before colostrum feeding within 3 h of the birth). Eighty pregnant cows were screened through the cELISA and PCR. Out of these, 54 were found positive for anaplasmosis. Further follow up revealed that 38 cows remained positive at the time of parturition. Finally, based on the criteria, 32 calves without colostrum feeding qualified for the vertical transmission trial. The results of present study revealed that 28 (9/32) and 13% (4/32) of the neonatal calves acquired intrauterine infection confirmed by cELISA and PCR, respectively. Overall occurrence of the transplacental transmission was 31%. Nevertheless, we concluded that transplacental transmission occurs and this route of transmission, can lead to a significant number of neonatal deaths. Hence, the transplacental route of disease transmission should also be considered for devising the prevention and control strategies regarding anaplasmosis in the dairy cattle. © 2021 Friends Science Publishers
Effect of Various Stabilizers on Viability of Lyophilized Pasteurella multocida B:3,4 for Use as Hemorrhagic Septicemia Vaccine
Authors: Sajid Sajid Mahmood
Published: March 2021

Hemorrhagic septicemia (HS) is a devastating disease of cattle and buffaloes. The live aerosol vaccine is the best option to control HS. However, stability and viability of live vaccine is an issue. The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of three extraneous stabilizers trehalose, skimmed milk and lactalbumin on the viability of the live vaccine strain Pasteurella multocida B:3,4. The viability of the strain was evaluated using various concentrations (5, 10, 15 and 20%) of these three stabilizers. Moreover, viability of P. multocida B:3,4 was also determined at four different storage temperatures (-20, 4, 25 and 37°C). The duration of lyophilization cycle was also standardized for highest survival of cells. The data showed that trehalose and lactalbumin ensued percentage of viability as 91.89±0.08 and 80.38±2.57 respectively. Skimmed milk as stabilizer did not prove to defend cells during lyophiliztion and subsequent storage and exhibited cell viability approximately 0.47±0.009%. The study indicated that most effective stabilizer for lyophiliztion of P. multocida B:3,4 was trehalose at 15% concentration and was most suitable temperature for storage of lyophilized P. multocida B:3,4. © 2021 Friends Science Publishers
The Effect of Age and Drought on the Recovery of Midday Leaf Hydraulics and Physiological Traits in Oat (Avena nuda)
Authors: Batool Huma
Published: March 2021

The leaf hydraulic behavior has a significant role on species survival because plants often encounter drought. The effect of age and drought on the leaf water potential (ѰL), leaf hydraulic conductance (KL), stomatal density (SD) and size (SS), evapotranspiration (E), net photosynthetic rate (Pn) stomatal conductance (gs) and their post drought recovery in naked oat is not understood. This study investigated these facts in two naked oat cultivars, Yanmai (Ym) and Dingyou7 (Dy7). The plants were grown in pots and kept well-watered (WW) for the first ~30 days after sowing (DAS) after that for Experiment 1) the plants were kept in a rainout shelter; in a growth room and kept WW throughout. Experiment 2) the plants were grown at 40% drought to determine the effect of drought on the SD and SS. Experiment 3) the plants were grown in 40% field water capacity (FC) for ~25 days then, they were recovered from drought stress and ѰL, KL, SS, SD, E, Pn, and gs were determined. Under the drought, Ym lost KL whereas; Dy7 could maintain KL and higher midday ѰL and lower SD than Ym. The cultivar Dy7 showed maximum recovery of KL, ѰL, Pn, gs and E than Ym upon re-watering. The loss and recovery of KL, ѰL, Pn, E, gs and SD is controlled genetically in naked oat cultivars in combination with the environmental factors and the cultivar Dy7 has potential to enhance drought resistance in crops plants by genetic crop breeding. © 2021 Friends Science Publishers
Chromatographic and Spectroscopic Fingerprinting of Ficus carica and Evaluation of In Vitro Antioxidant Activity
Authors: Javaid Amara
Published: March 2021

The present study was conducted to evaluate the in vitro antioxidant activity of Ficus carica, commonly known as fig. Methanol and ethanol extracts of F. carica leaves were subjected to 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picryhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging activity assay where ascorbic acid being positive control had an IC50 value of 3.98±0.26 while methanol and ethanol fractions showed an IC50 of 101.76±1.12 and 93.12±1.17 respectively exhibiting their high antioxidant potential. DPPH assay was also performed on high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) elutions. Most active antioxidant components in ethanol extract were eluted between 17–18 min, and those in methanol were eluted over 14–15 min and upon ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometery (Orbitrap Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry) were identified to be 13-Docosenamide, (Z)- for ethanol and ficusin for methanol fraction. Thus, it is concluded that these two components are most probable determinants of antioxidant potential of F. carica leaf extracts. © 2021 Friends Science Publishers
Genetic Association of Polymorphism and Relative mRNA Expression of Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha Gene in Mastitis in Sahiwal Cow
Authors: Sattar Huma
Published: March 2021

Bovine mastitis is a host response to the microorganisms linked with the host immune system efficiency. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) is a proinflammatory cytokine that plays a significant role in the innate and adaptive immune response. In this study, we characterized the upstream regulatory region and evaluated the relative mRNA expression of TNF-α gene of Sahiwal cows. A single nucleotide polymorphism A>G was identified located within a sequence (MT_919286) at the 5´ upstream region. For gene expression, the ΔΔCt was calculated by adjusting the target gene expression for the expression of the housekeeping gene (GAPDH) through real-time qPCR. The results revealed that relative mRNA expression of TNF-α most explains the change in the unit of ΔCt and would result in a significantly higher expression of TNF-α gene in animals with mastitis. The relative mRNA expression of TNF-α gene was 35 and 9.53 times higher in animals with clinical and subclinical mastitis respectively, as compared to non-mastitic animals. The effect of the fold change of TNF-α and GAPDH was also assessed based on response surface methodology via Box Behnken design. The analysis depicted that all parameters had a significant impact on mastitis incidence in Sahiwal cows. This study would hopefully contribute towards a better understanding of the use of TNF-α gene marker as an authentic source of identification of severity of bovine mastitis. The findings of study may be helpful for the development of new strategies to control mastitis and preserve the health of dairy animals. © 2021 Friends Science Publishers
As abreviaturas no Cancioneiro da Ajuda: tipos, valores e distribución
Authors: Arbor Aldea Mariña , Rodríguez Guerra Alexandre , Varela Barreiro Xavier
Published: March 2021

O principal obxectivo da presente contribución é explicar detalladamente o sistema braquigráfico do Cancioneiro da Ajuda. Ademais da aproximación paleográfica aos diferentes sinais abreviativos empregados, estúdanse os seus valores, a súa distribución e a proporción que representan fronte ás diferentes formas plenas. Así mesmo, tamén se analizan outros parámetros como a posición que ocupan as abreviaturas ou, sobre todo, os cadernos en que aparecen. Todo o anterior permitiranos deseñar na súa integridade, e comprender, o mapa braquigráfico de A.
Resenha: Maleval, Maria do Amparo Tavares, Fernão Lopes e a retórica medieval
Authors: Marques Samyn Henrique
Published: March 2021

Resenha: Maleval, Maria do Amparo Tavares, Fernão Lopes e a retórica medieval, Niterói: Editora da Universidade Federal Fluminense, 2010.
THE EFFECT OF AEROBIC EXERCISES ON PAIN, QUALITY OF LIFE IN PRIMARY HEADACHE
Authors:   Department of Physiotherapy, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Bandar Sungai Long, Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia, Selvakumar Kiruthika
Published: March 2021

Headache disorders are among the most common disorders of the nervous system. According to World Health Organisation reports that almost half of all adults worldwide experience a headache in any given year. Based on research, headaches are classified into primary and secondary headaches. Depending on global prevalence the most common primary headaches are migraine, tension-type, and cluster headaches. If left untreated it can result in increased pain, decreased quality of life. The objective of this literature article is to analyze the effect of aerobic exercise on pain and quality of life among subjects with primary headaches like migraine, tension-type, and cluster headache and to discuss the current updates in the literature. In this article, relevant data available in PubMed, Cochrane, and Medline databases were retrieved from 2010 to February 2020 using the search terms aerobic exercise and tension-type headaches, aerobic exercise and migraine, aerobic exercise and cluster headaches, pain, and quality of life. The search strategy identified five articles that considered the effect of aerobic exercise on primary headaches like a migraine; tension-type and cluster. Results have positive effects for aerobic exercise on tension-type headache, migraine headache mainly on pain intensity, whereas the quality of life is less studied. On the other hand, these studies did not provide a specific protocol or parameter on exercise intensities. The availability of data on the influence of aerobic exercise on primary headaches though is limited, aerobic exercises are the best option for reducing pain and improving quality of life in primary headaches, especially for tension-type and migraine-type headaches.
FORMULATION OF SELECTED SOY PRODUCTS FOR WOMEN’S HEALTH
Authors:   Department of Home Science, Seethalakshmi  Ramaswami College (Autonomous), Tiruchirappalli, Tamilnadu, India, C Anitha , Rani Vasantha Esther ,   Research Department of Home Science, Fatima College ((Autonomous), Madurai, Tamilnadu, India
Published: March 2021

Soybean differs from other cereals and legumes by containing the highest amount of complete protein. Tofu, soy milk, soy meat are nonfermented products of soybean. Soy contains chemical compounds are unique because of its high concentration of isoflavones, a type of plant estrogen. Women entering the menopausal stage are recommended to consume soya bean because this plant estrogen would benefit them. The study aims to inculcate the consumption of soy products through standardized recipes. The popular soy milk product is Tofu. It is prepared by curdling fresh hot soy milk with a coagulant. On milling, soybean yielded a nutritious product called Soy flour, which is available in two types namely full-fat soy flour (FFSF) and defatted soy flour (DFSF). When the soybean oil is extracted, the by-product called Soy Chunks is produced. In current study, soy products namely Tofu, Defatted Soy Flour, and Soy Chunks were used to standardize few recipes by incorporating them in commonly consumed recipes or using them wholly. Further, for this, Tofu with pasta and sandwich, Chunks in kurma and nuggets, DFSF with besan omelette, and cakes were incorporated and standardized. Along with this, organoleptic evaluations were carried out for the developed products and were standardized. The nutritive values for DFSF and storage stability of standardized cakes were also carried out.
Dijital Platform Kullanıcılarının İzleme Alışkanlıklarına Yönelik Bir Araştırma: Netflix Örneği
Authors: SARI Ümit , TÜRKER Halil
Published: March 2021

Dijital platformların günlük izleme pratiklerinde oynadığı rol giderek artmaktadır. Yayıncılık ve bilişim teknolojilerinin kesiştiği noktada doğan dijital platformların kullanıcılarına sunduğu özelleştirilmiş hizmetler bireylerin izleme alışkanlıklarını etkilemekte ve şekillendirmektedir. Geleneksel televizyon yayıncılığında uzun yıllar yalnızca ekrana getirileni izleyen ve edilgen bir konumda olan izleyici, günümüzde özellikle dijital platformlar yoluyla kişisel zevklerine hitap eden içerikleri izleme, geri bildirimde bulunma gibi seçeneklere sahip olarak aktif bir konuma yükselmiştir. Çalışmada dijital platform kullanıcılarının izleme alışkanlıklarının Netflix örneği üzerinden araştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Amaca göre örnekleme tekniği kullanılarak gerçekleştirilen araştırmada veri toplama tekniklerinden Bilgisayar Destekli İnternet Anketi (CAWI) tercih edilmiş ve veriler tam yapılandırılmış soru formu kullanılarak elde edilmiştir. Katılımcılara Netflix dijital platformu içeriklerini izleme alışkanlıklarını ve tercih nedenlerini irdeleyici sorular yöneltilmiştir. Netflix’in yaygın uluslararası dijital platformlar arasında Türkiye’de faaliyet gösteren ilk platform olması çalışmaya konu olmasının başlıca sebebini oluşturmaktadır. Çalışmanın sonucunda dijital platform kullanıcılarının izleme alışkanlıklarına yönelik tespitlere ve tercih sebeplerine ulaşılmıştır. İçerik çeşitliliği, seçme özgürlüğü ve yapımların kalite düzeyinin kullanıcıların dijital platformlardaki izleme alışkanlıklarını doğrudan etkilediği tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca dijital platformlara yönelimin yakın gelecekte artarak devam edeceği çalışmanın sonuçları arasında yer almaktadır.
Sağlık Kuruluşlarında Halkla İlişkilerin Etkinliğini Ölçme: Özel ve Kamu Sağlık Kuruluşlarının Karşılaştırılması
Authors: ÇELEBİ Engin
Published: March 2021

Kuruluşlar için halkla ilişkiler biriminin değeri hedef kitlelerle sürdürülen ilişkilerin kalitesine dayanmaktadır. Sağlık kuruluşlarına karşı duyulan memnuniyet, güven ve bağlılık duygusunun ise psikolojik ve sosyal gerçeklikleri vardır. Bu yüzden sağlık hizmeti alıcılarının sağlık kuruluşları tercihlerini anlamak ve olumlu ilişkisel sonuçlara ulaşabilmek için yeni ve farklı stratejiler gerekebilir. Bu stratejiler içinde ise halkla ilişkilerin ve etkili iletişim tekniklerinin rolünü araştırmak gerekmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı sağlık kuruluşlarında halkla ilişkiler çalışmalarının etkisini ölçmek ve hedef kitlelerin duygusal ve davranışsal tutumları üzerindeki etkisini belirlemektir. Araştırma özel ve kamu sağlık kuruluşlarından düzenli olarak en az 3 ay hizmet alan 249 sağlık hizmeti alıcısı üzerinde uygulanmıştır ve sonuçların karşılaştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Araştırma sonucuna göre halkla ilişkilerde ilişkisel sonuçların hem özel sağlık kuruluşlarında hem de kamu sağlık kuruluşlarında sağlık hizmeti alıcılarının duygusal ve davranışsal tutumları üzerine olumlu etkisinin olduğu ortaya çıkartılmıştır. Hem kamu hem de özel sağlık kuruluşlarında en önemli boyutlar güven ve memnuniyet olarak ölçülmüştür. Her iki sağlık kuruluşu sektöründe de ilişkisel sonuçlar arasında anlamlı bir korelasyon vardır ve olumlu sonuçlar benzerlik göstermektedir. Sonuç olarak, sağlık kuruluşlarının halkla ilişkiler algılamalarını güçlendirmenin aynı zamanda sağlık kuruluşlarına olan olumlu toplumsal algıyı ve kurumsal itibar algısını güçlendirmek anlamına gelebileceği bulgusuna ulaşılmıştır.
Yazı ve Yazılı İletişim: Yazı Temalı Atasözleri ve Deyimlere İlişkin Bir İçerik Analizi
Authors: GÜREL Emet , ALAÇAM AKŞİT Aslı Ceren
Published: March 2021

Yazı, insanoğlunun en önemli teknolojik buluşlarındandır ve uygarlık tarihinin dönüm noktalarından biri olarak değerlendirilmektedir. Sözlü kültürden yazıya geçiş, toplumsal yapının değişmesini beraberinde getirmiş ve tekstüalite devrini başlatmıştır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, insani bir üretim olmasının yanı sıra bir iletişim edimi ve becerisi olan yazıyı mercek altına alarak, Türkçede yer alan atasözleri ile deyimler üzerinden analiz etmektir. Çalışmanın kavramsal çerçevesi; yazının doğuşu ve gelişimi, Türkçede yazı ve yazma eylemi, yazının işlevleri ve yazılı iletişim konularını içermektedir. Nitel yöntemle tasarlanan araştırma kapsamında, Türk Dil Kurumu -TDK- tarafından hazırlanmış olan Atasözleri ve Deyimler Sözlüğü’nde yer alan yazı temalı atasözü ve deyimler tespit edilmiş ve içerik analizi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmada elde edilen bulgulara ilişkin detaylar, çalışmanın sonuç kısmına yansıtılmış ve Türk toplumunun yazı ile ilişkisine yönelik çıkarımlar yapılmıştır. Çalışma, gelecek araştırmalara yönelik öneriler ile sonlandırılmıştır.
Acil Uzaktan Eğitim Sürecinin Analizi: Öne Çıkan Kavramlar, Sorunlar ve Çıkarılan Dersler
Authors: SEZGİN Sezan
Published: March 2021

COVID-19 pandemi süreciyle birlikte, dünya üzerinde tüm yaş gruplarından yaklaşık bir buçuk milyar öğrenci yüz yüze eğitimden uzaktan eğitim faaliyetlerine geçiş yapmıştır. Acil uzaktan eğitim (AUE) olarak adlandırılan bu eğitsel tepki, pandemi sürecinin getirdiği eğitsel olumsuzluklara hızlı ve olumlu bir cevap vermiştir. Eğitimciler için, AUE süreçlerindeki paydaş deneyimleri ve gerçekleştirilen uygulamaların doğru yorumlanması, pandeminin olası ilerleyen dönemlerinde veya pandemi sonrası için sürdürülebilir ve planlı uzaktan eğitim faaliyetlerinin gerçekleştirilebilmesi bağlamında kritik öneme sahiptir. Bu çalışmada COVID-19 pandemi sürecinde dünya genelinde yapılmış AUE araştırmaları içeriksel olarak analiz edilmiş, AUE sürecinde bazı betimsel-tanımlayıcı veriler, öne çıkan kavramlar, sorunlar, ve çözüm önerileri incelenmiştir. Araştırma kapsamında bilimsel makaleler, tam metin bildiriler ve bilimsel kitap bölümlerinden faydalanılmış, verilerin yorumlanması aşamasında gri literatürden de faydalanılmıştır. Araştırmada analiz edilen çalışmalar; SCOPUS, Web of Science, Science Direct, Emerald Insight, IEEE Xplore, ACM Digital Library, EBSCO host research databases (Academic Search Premier, H.W. Wilson, British Education Index, ERIC vb.), JSTOR ve Google Akademik veri tabanları aracılığıyla toplanmıştır. Araştırma kapsamında toplamda 2535 araştırmaya ulaşılmış, bunların 252’si detaylı incelenerek 152’si analize dahil edilmiştir. Analiz sürecinde tematik analiz ve betimsel analizden yararlanılmıştır. Pandemi dönemi AUE sürecinde öne çıkan kavramlar beş, yaşanan sorun ve kısıtlar on bir ve çözüm önerileri ise altı anatema altında kategorilendirilmiştir. Araştırma bulguları, pandemi döneminde AUE konu alanında gerçekleştirilen çalışmaların çoğunlukla yükseköğretim alanında ve genellikle gelişmiş ülkelerde yapıldığını göstermektedir. Bununla beraber dijital uçurumun öne çıkan kavram ve sorunlar başlıklarında öne çıkan gerçeklik olduğu görülmektedir. Çalışma sonucunda, araştırma kapsamında elde edilen bulgular dahilinde, planlı uzaktan eğitim faaliyetleri için farklı kategori ve içeriklerle ilgili önerilerde bulunulmuştur.
Uluslararası Bir Sorun Alanı Olarak Kıbrıs’a İlişkin Tarihsel ve Teorik Öğeler Üzerinden ‘Demokratik Barış Teorisi’nin Eleştirisi
Authors: ELÇİ İsmail Hakkı
Published: March 2021

Bu makalenin amacı Türkiye-Yunanistan arasındaki Kıbrıs meselesi üzerinden Demokratik Barış Teorisi’nin (DBT) sorgulanmasıdır. Bu sorgulama dört aşamada yapılmıştır. Öncelikle DBT’nin düşünsel arka planı ele alınmış, ardından teori kavramsal ve kuramsal açıdan kısaca tanıtılmıştır. Üçüncü aşamada teorinin başlıca teorisyenlerinden biri olan Michael Doyle’un her iki ülkeyi liberal-demokratik ya da tersi ilan ettiği dönemler yine teorinin bir ülkeyi liberal-demokratik olarak tanımlamak için başvurduğu kurumlar üzerinden değerlendirilmiş; her iki ülkenin bu dönemlerdeki durumları analiz edilmiştir. Sonuç bölümünde ise her iki ülkenin savaşma ya da savaşmama kararları ile sahip oldukları rejimin türü arasındaki bağıntı sorgulanmıştır. Bu çalışmada temel olarak; Michael Doyle’un Türkiye’yi 1971-1974 ve Yunanistan’ı 1967-1975 dönemlerinde anti-liberal rejimlere sahip iki ülke olarak tanımlayıp 1974 yılında savaşmalarını bu duruma bağlamasının tek başına yeterli gerçekçi bir yaklaşım olmadığı sonucuna varılmış, her iki ülkenin savaş kararı almalarında sadece rejim türlerinin değil; Soğuk Savaş dönemi dinamiklerinin ve iki ülkenin uluslararası çıkarlarının da etkili olduğu kanaatine ulaşılmıştır.
The Shift to Online Assessment Due to COVID-19: An Empirical Study of University Students, Behaviour and Performance, in the Region of UAE
Authors:   the Department of Information Technology, College of Engineering and Information Technology, University of Science and Technology of Fujairah, P.O. Box: 2202, Fujairah, United Arab Emirates, Ali Liaqat , Dmour Nidal Abidal Hamid Hmoud Al
Published: March 2021

The education system has dramatically changed from physical to online due to COVID-19. Millions of learners around the world have been affected due to the pandemic caused by coronavirus. The emergence of COVID-19 has forced educational institutions to divert all strategies from physical to online platforms for the safety of the students, instructors, and all the other staff members. The processes of examining students and their assessment strategies are heavily affected due to the sudden adoption of online education than physical education at campus. The research in this paper discusses issues relevant to online assessments and the strategies used by the universities due to COVID-19 in the region of UAE. The research collected data through an online questionnaire from 312 undergraduate university students in UAE to understand their behaviour. Furthermore, their performance of online assessment is gauged through the analysis of exams transcripts and comparison is made with their previous GPA and CGPA to understand the effects of COVID-19 on their overall performance. Semi-structured interviews were conducted to discuss issues related to e-assessment and recommendations are made to improve the online assessment process in universities. The research proves that students have benefited from the online assessment.
A Sequential Explanatory Investigation of TPACK: Malaysian Science Teachers‟ Survey and Perspective
Authors:   the Faculty of Psychology and Education, University of Malaysia Sabah, Jalan UMS, 88400, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia, Chieng You Eng , Tan Choon Keong
Published: March 2021

Like several other countries, Malaysia sees information and communications technology (ICT) as a potential tool for improving education quality. However, there is a shortage research examining the knowledge of Malaysia secondary school teachers in science ICT integration. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the secondary science teachers of Malaysia at exploring their perceptions of ICT integration regarding Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge (TPACK), which focused on quantitative findings supported by qualitative findings. This sequential explanatory approach aims to examine the views of science teachers regarding technology integration with respect to TPACK. The study included 219 survey respondents and 3 interview participants. For the quantitative data analysis, descriptive statistics and multiple regression were used, while a thematic method was performed for the qualitative data analysis. The results indicate that the understanding of science teachers regarding their technology-based knowledge is lower than that of non-technology awareness, both pedagogical and content awareness. Furthermore, interview results show about the technology integration related to TPACK, namely, type of ICT used, pedagogy of teaching, content knowledge and the purpose of ICT integration. The results address implications for professional development and programme accreditation for the secondary school science teachers.
Uropathogens and antimicrobial susceptibility profiles of asymptomatic bacteriuria among pregnant women receiving antenatal care in traditional birth attendants homes in Ikono, Akwa- Ibom State, Nigeria
Authors: Umoyen Anthony John , Akpan Nseobong Godwin , Sunday Cecilia James , Ekpenyng Blessing Bassey
Published: March 2021

Background: Asymptomatic bacteriuria (ASB) in pregnancy is associated with adverse maternal and obstetric outcomes if untreated. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and susceptibility profile of ASB among pregnant women attending antenatal clinics in traditional birth attendant homes in Ikono, Akwa-Ibom State.Methods: The study was a cross sectional survey using 350 pregnant women with ASB. Mid-stream clean catch urine samples were collected from the women using sterile containers. The urine samples were cultured, bacterial colonies were identified and antibiotic sensitivity was done. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 20.0 and significant was set at ≤0.05.Results: The overall prevalence was 33.4% using 350 asymptomatic pregnant women. The mean age was 26.21±3.6 years and aged 27-32 have the highest prevalence (13.4) of ASB. 55.1% attained primary school, while 33.4% had informal education, monoparous (54%), 3rd trimester was 44.6% with 15.8% positive cases. Multigravidae was 71.1% with 19.4% positive cases. There was significant association of age, education, parity, occupation, monthly income, etc with ASB. The most common isolates were Escherichia coli (29.9%), then Klebsiella pneumonia (19.7%). Pseudomonas aeruginosa was susceptible to gentamicin (92%), Ciprofloxacin (83%) imipenam (83%) and azetronam (75%), while Staphylococcus saprophyticus was susceptible to imipenam (90%), then gentamicin at 80%. Multi-drug resistant were widespread in most of the isolates.Conclusions: Multi-drug resistant were observed in most of the isolates. Continuous and collaborative surveillance of ASB and antimicrobial resistance pattern are essential to reduce the consequence of asymptomatic bacteriuria in pregnant women.
Study of histopathological patterns of endometrium in abnormal uterine bleeding
Authors: S. Anitha , G. Pooja , D. Sowmya
Published: March 2021

Background: Abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) is the commonest presenting symptom in gynaecology out- patient department. Endometrial sampling could be effectively used as the first diagnostic step in AUB. This study was done to evaluate histopathology of endometrium for identifying the endometrial causes of AUB. And also, to observe the incidence of various endometrial pathology in different age groups presenting with abnormal uterine bleeding.Methods: A one-year prospective study conducted in the department of obstetrics and gynaecologist in A. J. institute of medical sciences and research centre which included 200 cases of clinically diagnosed AUB patients. Histopathological examination of endometrial biopsies specimens was done, followed by clinical correlation.Results: The most common age group presenting with AUB was 41-50 years (43.84%). The commonest pattern in these patients was normal cycling endometrium (42.32%). The commonest pathology irrespective of the age group was disordered proliferative pattern (26.15%). Other causes identified atrophic endometrium (11.5%), benign endometrial polyp (5.38%), endometrial hyperplasia (5.41%), carcinomas (0.79%) and chronic endometritis (1.54%).Conclusions: The knowledge of endometrial pattern in a case of AUB helps to decide a plan of management. Endometrial sampling plays a very important role in management of AUB, especially in the age group of more than 40 years; i.e., the peri and post-menopausal age groups, where incidence of malignant or pre malignant conditions was noted to be the highest.
Incidence of antepartum haemorrhage in pregnancy and its maternal-fetal outcome in admitted antenatal patients in tertiary care centre, Bhilai Durg, Chhattisgarh
Authors: Khandasu Seema , Singh Pooja , Ratnani Rekha
Published: March 2021

Background: Antepartum haemorrhage has always been one of the deadliest complications in obstetrics. Antepartum haemorrhage (APH) complicates about 2-5% of pregnancies. Maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality associated with APH can be reduced significantly by aggressive expectant management. The present study was conducted to assess maternal and fetal outcome in patients with antepartum haemorrhage. Aims and objectives were to study the incidence of antepartum haemorrhage at SSIMS hospital. To highlight the importance of early diagnosis and treatment. To study the maternal and fetal outcome in antepartum haemorrhage. To study the associated risk factors contributing to maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality.Methods: The study was conducted in Shri Shakaracharya Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhilai, Durg, Chhattisgarh during the period of January 2020 to December 2020 after getting approval from the institutional ethical committee. 31 cases of APH with gestational age ≥28 weeks were included. They were distributed according to type of APH into abruptio placentae (AP), placenta previa (PP). Causes of APH were noted and maternal as well as perinatal outcome observed.Results: In the present study it was observed that incidence of APH was 2% out of 1503 deliveries. Out of 31 cases, 54.83% was AP followed by PP 45.16%. Abruption was the commonest cause of APH with its associated maternal morbidity and perinatal mortality and morbidity. Anemia was the most common complication in APH. Prematurity of the neonate was a serious complicating factor in APH. No maternal mortality was seen in this study.Conclusions: Overall incidence of APH has remained high. Though maternal morbidity is reduced with modern management of APH, but timely diagnosis and intervention is necessary. Perinatal morbidity can be reduced with good neonatal intensive care facilities.
A retrospective, observational, real-world evidence study to understand the clinical and obstetric characteristics and tolerability profile of women in labor managed with camylofin dihydrochloride injection
Authors: Taneja Vinita K. , Telang Milind A.
Published: March 2021

Background: To determine the clinical and obstetric characteristics and tolerability profile of pregnant women in the active phase of labor who were managed with Camylofin dihydrochloride injection.Methods: Retrospective data of 210 full-term pregnant women in the active phase of labor who were managed with Camylofin injection doses of 50 mg, 50+25 mg and 50+50 mg were considered in the study. The comparative effectiveness of 3 doses was evaluated using independent T-test and ANOVA at 5% level of significance.Results: The overall mean maternal age was 25.4 (±4.14) years with mean gestational age of 38.8 (±1.04) weeks. In total, 77.1% (n=162) of patients needed 50 mg dose of Camylofin injection for adequate cervical dilatation, and additional doses of 25 mg or 50 mg were required in 16.7% (n=35) and 6.2% (n=13), of patients, respectively to accelerate the labor. The mean cervical dilatation rates increasing dose viz 2.8 cm/hr, 4.1 cm/hr and 2.9 cm/hr, respectively. The adverse events were 14.8% (n=23) in 50 mg arm, 34.3% (n=12) in 50+25 arm and 69.0% (n=9) in 50+50 arm. Of the total, 34 events (50.0%) were related to Camylofin dihydrochloride injection, i.e. ADRs.The means of cervical dilation rate, active phase duration and total duration of labor were statistically significant (p-value <0.001) for 50 mg versus 50+25 mg.Conclusions: The study infers Camylofin injection usage with consideration of dose escalation in the routine clinical management of labor. Both mother and neonate had shown comparable tolerability profile across the three dosage arms with minimal events.
Effects of calcium-vitamin D and metformin on the menstrual cycle and ovulation in polycystic ovary syndrome patients in a tertiary care teaching hospital
Authors: Mummalaneni Gowthami , Myneni Krishna Kumari
Published: March 2021

Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a heterogeneous hormonal disorder of reproductive aged women characterized by chronic anovulation, irregular menstrual cycles and hyperandrogenism. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of metformin and calcium-vitamin D on follicular maturation and regularity of menstrual cycles in patients with PCOS.Methods: A prospective, open-label, multiple arms, randomized clinical trial. Group 1 participants received 1,000 mg of calcium and 400 IU of vitamin D per day, orally, group 2 participants received 1,500 mg of metformin per day, orally and group 3 participants received combination of above drugs. The patients were treated for 3 months and followed up for a further 3 months. Menses regularity, number of dominant follicles (≥14 mm) and pregnancy rates were compared among the three groups.Results: A total of sixty infertile women with PCOS were recruited. Calcium-vitamin D plus metformin treated patients showed highest percentage improvement (50%) menstrual regularity as compared to other two groups (p<0.001) also showed significant follicular response (p<0.014). Calcium-vitamin D plus metformin treated group showed better follicular response in the second and third month of follow-up and 30% of women showed high quality dominant large (≥14 mm) follicles at the end of follow-up period.Conclusions: Calcium-vitamin D plus metformin combination is more effective in terms of follicle maturation and restoring menstrual disturbances as compared to individual drug treatment.