bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Polysaccharides and oligosaccharides originated from green algae: structure, extraction, purification, activity and applications
Authors: Li Chen , Wang Hui , Zhu Benwei , Yao Zhong , Ning Limin
Published: September 2024

With the proceeding of global warming and water eutrophication, the phenomenon of green tide has garnered significant societal interest. Consequently, researchers had increasingly focused on the potential applications of green algae biomass, particularly its polysaccharides. The polysaccharide serves as the primary active constituent of green algae and has demonstrated numerous advantageous biological activities, including antioxidant, antiviral, anticoagulant, hypolipidemic and immuno-modulatory activities. The favorable bioavailability and solubility of green algae oligosaccharides are attributed to their low molecular weight. So there has been a growing interest in researching green algae polysaccharides and oligosaccharides for the utilization of marine biological resources. This review summarized the extraction, purification, chemical structure, composition, biological activity, and potential applications prospect of polysaccharides and oligosaccharides derived from green algae. The review could be helpful for expanding the applications of polysaccharides and oligosaccharides of green algae.

Graphical Abstract
In vitro antiproliferative activities of some Ghanaian medicinal plants
Authors: Addy Bright Selorm , Firempong Caleb Kesse , Komlaga Gustav , Addo-Fordjour Patrick , Domfeh Seth Agyei , Afolayan Olutwatomisin , Emikpe Benjamin Obukowho
Published: September 2024

Background

Cancer continues to pose a significant threat to human well-being due to the overwhelming rate of morbidity and mortality associated with it. Hence, the quest for newer, effective and safer anticancer agents has become more crucial. Over the years, some medicinal plants have been used to treat abnormal tissue growths (tumours) in Ghana. Even though sufficient literature points out that people found some relief in their use, there is limited scientific evidence of their antiproliferative activities.

Method

Ethanolic extracts of nine medicinal plant materials from seven plant species, including the stem bark of Terminalia superba, Talbotiella gentii and Ceiba pentandra and the leaves of Morinda lucida, Dracaena arborea, Dioscorea dumetorum, Thaumatococcus danielli, Ceiba pentandra and Talbotiella gentii, were evaluated for antiproliferative activities against four human cancer cell lines (hepatocellular carcinoma, colorectal adenocarcinoma, cervical carcinoma, and mammary adenocarcinoma) using an MTT-based assay.

Results

The extract of C. pentandra leaves, exhibited generally higher antiproliferative activity, which was particularly substantial against human hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) cells (IC50 = 16.3 µg/mL) and human colorectal adenocarcinoma (RKO) cells (IC50 = 18.7 µg/mL). All the other plant materials demonstrated weak (IC50: 201–500 µg/mL) to moderate (IC50: 21–200 µg/mL) antiproliferative activities against the four cancer cell lines.

Conclusion

The extracts of the plant materials demonstrated varied antiproliferative activities. Extract of C. pentandra leaves exhibited the highest antiproliferative activity. The IC50 values of C. pentandra leaves met the benchmark to be considered effective against HepG2 and RKO cancer cell lines in particular. Therefore, there is the need to further undertake fractionation work on C. pentandra leaves. The antiproliferative effect of extract of C. pentandra leaves against other cancer cell lines and normal cell line could also be explored in the future to ascertain the anticancer potential of this plant material. Generally, findings from this work support the indigenous use of these plant materials in treating abnormal tissue growth in Ghana.
Patient, Parent, and Oncologist Perspectives and Recommendations on the Right Way to Talk About Prognosis in Advanced Childhood Cancer
Authors: Kaye Erica C. , Farner Harmony , Mehler Shoshana , Bien Kelly , Mali Nidhi , Brinkman Tara M. , Baker Justin N. , Hinds Pamela , Mack Jennifer W.
Published: September 2024

PURPOSE

Clear prognostic communication is associated with improvements in quality of life and suffering for children with advanced illness. Yet recent evidence demonstrates that pediatric oncologists often avoid, defer, or soften prognostic disclosure. We aimed to describe pediatric cancer shareholder perspectives on quality prognostic communication to inform design of an intervention to improve prognostic disclosure in advanced childhood cancer.

METHODS

Semi-structured interviews were conducted with a purposeful sample of pediatric patients with cancer (n = 20), parents (n = 20), and oncologists (n = 20) representing six institutions across five states. Rapid analysis was performed using the National Cancer Institute core communication functions to organize domains of inquiry.

RESULTS

Three main themes were endorsed by participants regarding the ideal timing of prognostic disclosure: early, ongoing, individualized. Although each group emphasized the need for an individualized approach, oncologists rarely elicited patient/parent preferences for prognostic communication and more commonly inferred what a patient/family wanted to hear. Participants described five key pillars for how to facilitate quality prognostic disclosure: conversation leadership, overall attendance, patient inclusion, location, and atmosphere. They also identified four themes around ideal prognostic content: range of information, use of numbers, population-level versus patient-specific information, and tone/delivery. Discordant recommendations between patients/parents and oncologists emerged for how much and what information to share.

CONCLUSION

Pediatric cancer shareholders advocated for diverse, and sometimes conflicting, approaches for prognostic disclosure. Although nearly all participants endorsed the importance of individualized prognostic disclosure, specific strategies to encourage or facilitate person-centered prognostic conversation are lacking. Future research will focus on collaboration with pediatric patients, parents, and oncologists to codesign a clinical intervention to improve prognostic communication for children with advanced cancer and their families.
A Resonant Ecology
Authors: Ritts Max
Published: September 2024

In A Resonant Ecology, Max Ritts traces how sound’s integration into the environmental politics of Canada’s North Coast has paved the way for massive industrial expansion. While conservationists hope that the dissemination of whale songs and other nature sounds will showcase the beauty of local wildlife for people around the world, Ritts reveals how colonial capitalism can co-opt sonic efforts to protect the coast. He demonstrates how digital technologies allow industry to sonically map new shipping lanes and facilitate new ways of experiencing sound—premised not on listening, but on sound’s exploitable status as a data resource. By outlining how sound can both perpetuate and refuse capitalist colonialism, Ritts challenges the idea that the sonic realm is inherently liberatory and reveals sound to be a powerfully uncertain object. Through a situated geographical approach, he makes the case that only a decolonial and multigenerational environmental politics can counter the false promise of “sustainable marine development” held up by industry and the state.
Religion and Growth
Authors: Becker Sascha O. , Rubin Jared , Woessmann Ludger
Published: September 2024

We use the elements of a macroeconomic production function—physical capital, human capital, labor, and technology—together with standard growth models to frame the role of religion in economic growth. Unifying a growing literature, we argue that religion can enhance or impinge upon economic growth through all four elements because it shapes individual preferences, societal norms, and institutions. Religion affects physical capital accumulation by influencing thrift and financial development. It affects human capital through both religious and secular education. It affects population and labor by influencing work effort, fertility, and the demographic transition. And it affects total factor productivity by constraining or unleashing technological change and through rituals, legal institutions, political economy, and conflict. Synthesizing a disjoint literature in this way opens many interesting directions for future research. (JEL E22, I25, J10, N30, O33, O43, Z12)
Ο ρόλος των αλλαγών της τριϊωδοθυρονίνης στην επιδιόρθωση της δυσλειτουργίας και της αναδιαμόρφωσης της αριστερής κοιλίας σε ασθενείς με STEMI
Authors: Γρηγορίου Κωνσταντίνος
Published: September 2024

Εισαγωγή: Η θυρεοειδική ορμόνη (ΘΟ) φαίνεται να επιδιορθώνει το μυοκάρδιο μετά από ένα οξύ έμφραγμα του μυοκαρδίου. Αυτή η νέα δράση αποκαλύφθηκε πρόσφατα σε μια πιλοτική, τυχαιοποιημένη, διπλά τυφλή και ελεγχόμενη με εικονικό φάρμακο μελέτη (ThyRepair). Η παρούσα έρευνα αποτελεί μια post hoc ανάλυση δεδομένων από τη μελέτη ThyRepair και σκοπό έχει την άντληση περαιτέρω πληροφοριών σχετικά με τις νέες δράσεις της ΘΟ στο μετα-ισχαιμικό μυοκάρδιο. Μέθοδοι: Η ανάλυση περιλάμβανε δεδομένα από 41 ασθενείς που συμμετείχαν στη μελέτη ThyRepair (n = 20 που έλαβαν εικονικό φάρμακο και n = 21 που έλαβαν τριϊωδοθυρονίνη, LT3). Η θεραπεία με LT3 ξεκίνησε πριν την τοποθέτηση στεφανιαίας ενδοπρόθεσης και συνεχίστηκε ενδοφλεβίως για 48 ώρες. Όλοι οι ασθενείς υπεβλήθησαν σε μαγνητική τομογραφία καρδιάς (CMR) κατά την έξοδο τους από το νοσοκομείο. Το κλάσμα εξώθησης της αριστερής κοιλίας (LV) (LVEF%), ο δείκτης τελοδιαστολικού όγκου LV (LVEDVi; mL/m2), ο δείκτης τελοσυστολικού όγκου LV (LVESVi; mL/m2), ο όγκος εμφράγματος (IV) και ο δείκτης μάζας αριστερής κοιλίας (LVMi) ως δείκτης οιδήματος και μικροαγγειακής απόφραξης (MVO) ήταν οι παράμετροι που αξιολογήθηκαν. Οι ασθενείς χωρίστηκαν σε δύο ομάδες με βάση το μέγεθος του IV: ασθενείς με IV ≤ 20% της LV (ομάδα Α) και ασθενείς με IV > 20% (ομάδα Β). Οι μετρήσεις των CMR κατά την έξοδο των ασθενών εκφράστηκαν ως μέσος όρος ± SD. Αποτελέσματα: Στην ομάδα Α, οι ασθενείς που έλαβαν εικονικό φάρμακο και LT3 είχαν παρόμοιο LVEF% (56,8 ± 10,2 έναντι 52,2 ± 10,5), LVEDVi (90,9 ± 19,8 έναντι 92,8 ± 14,5) και LVESVi (40,8 ± 18,2 έναντι 44,9 ± 14,1) κατά την έξοδο τους από το νοσοκομείο. Στην ομάδα Β, το LVEDVi και το LVESVi ήταν 112 ± 23,8 και 68,3 ± 21,5 για τους ασθενείς που έλαβαν το εικονικό φάρμακο έναντι 91,8 ± 18,6 και 49,0 ± 14,0 της ομάδας που έλαβε LT3, αντίστοιχα, p < 0.05. Το LVEF% αυξήθηκε σημαντικά στην ομάδα που έλαβε LT3 έναντι της ομάδας placebo, 47,3 ± 6,5 έναντι 39,9 ± 8,7, p < 0.05. Στην ομάδα Β, η CMR LVMi ήταν χαμηλότερη στους ασθενείς που έλαβαν LT3 έναντι αυτών που έλαβαν εικονικό φάρμακο, αλλά όχι στατιστικά σημαντικά (p = 0.1). Το MVO ήταν 1,95 ± 2,2 στους ασθενείς που έλαβαν εικονικό φάρμακο έναντι 0,84 ± 0,9 της ομάδας που έλαβε LT3, p = 0.15. Συμπέρασμα: Η παρούσα μελέτη υποδηλώνει ότι η οξεία θεραπεία με LT3 έχει ευνοϊκές επιδράσεις στην αποκατάσταση της καρδιακής λειτουργίας σε ασθενείς που έχουν υποστεί οξύ έμφραγμα του μυοκαρδίου με μεγάλο εμφρακτικό όγκο. Επιπλέον, σηματοδοτεί μια πιθανή δράση της LT3 στο οίδημα του μυοκαρδίου και τη μικροαγγειακή απόφραξη. Αυτά τα νέα ευρήματα χρήζουν περαιτέρω έρευνα σε μεγαλύτερες δοκιμές.
Essays on the methodology of teaching Russian as a foreign language
Authors: Gezayli Nadya , Milud Mohamed
Published: September 2024

The collection of scientific articles is devoted to the methodology of teaching Russian as a foreign language in an Algerian audience.
It provides an opportunity for specialists, students, as well as readers of a wider range to familiarize themselves with various difficulties encountered by Algerian students when learning Russian, and with possible ways to overcome them.
Metabolic and immune accompaniments of electrocardiographic and morphologic gastric mucosa parameters in naїve and stressed rats
Authors: Fihura Oksana , Korda Mykhaylo , Klishch Ivan , Ruzhylo Sofiya , Melnyk Oksana , Zukow Walery , Yanchij Roman , Vorobienko Alyona , Plyska Oleksandr , Popovych Igor
Published: September 2024

Introduction and aim. Earlier, by applying the water-immersion and restraint stress (WIRS) model, we reproduced primary attributes of stress and found that the severity of the damage to the gastric mucosa correlates with changes in ECG parameters, which indicate myocardial dystrophy. Further, it was found that such a connection is caused by the damaging effect on both targets of increasing the level of parathyroid hormone, as well as the production of aldosterone and catecholamines by enlarged adrenal glands. In addition, an increase in the level of corticosterone and sympathetic tone with a simultaneous decrease in vagal tone as well as serum calcitonin and testosterone cause damage to the gastric mucosa, but not to the myocardium. Such a constellation of neuro-endocrine reactions to stressors determines the severity of damage to the gastric mucosa and myocardium by 73%. The purpose of this study is to find out metabolic and immune accompaniments of electrocardiogram and gastric mucosa parameters in naїve and stressed rats.
Material and methods. The experiment is at 18 male and 20 female Wistar rats. Over the 10 days, one animal remained intact and 3 other rats were exposed to WIRS. The next day after stressing, immune and metabolic parameters as well as ECG and gastric mucosa injuries was recorded.
Results. Serum levels of Phosphates, Сatalase and α-LP Cholesterol as well as erythrocyte level of Potassium and Na,K-ATPase activity of the erythrocyte are positively correlated with ECG markers of myocardial damage, and negatively correlated with visual markers of damage to the gastric mucosa. Erythrocyte level of Sodium and serum levels of Potassium and Alkaline Phosphatase reflect the intactness of the gastric mucosa only. While serum level of Calcium reflects damage to the gastric mucosa. Taken together, the listed metabolic factors determine the morpho-functional state of the gastric mucosa and myocardium by 72% (R=0.851). Damage to the gastric mucosa and myocardium is more severe, the lower the bactericidal activity of blood neutrophils, and the greater the mass of the thymus. The spleen mass and the content of fibroblasts in the thymus are negatively correlated only with the severity of damage to the gastric mucosa, while the percentages of reticulocytes and lymphoblasts in the spleen are positively correlated with it. Finally, the higher the percentage of macrophages in the thymus, the deeper the damage to the myocardium. The canonical correlation between the listed immune parameters and markers of the two targets of stressors is very strong (R=0.809).
Conclusion. Water-immersion and restraint stress causes changes in the neuro-endocrine-immune complex, which lead to changes in the metabolome and damage to the gastric mucosa and myocardium.
INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATION IN SCIENTIFIC DEBATE
Authors: Wierzchosławski Rafał
Published: September 2024

The discussion of the Scientific Cooperation took place during the pandemic summer months of 2020. Three prominent scholars, of various specialities gave their assesment not only of the context of the book in question itself, but also in institutional, social, and culturak context within which significant transformations of the academic world are taking place. These transforations determine in the functioning of modern science. In the first part, I present the profiles of scientific achievements of the participants in the discussion: Steven Turner, Nico Stehr and Steve Fuller. Then, I make a brief discussion of the content of the book under discussion. I pay particular attention to the aspects of center-periphery relations, which are important from the point of view of the Polish reader, and which define the types of cooperation in the global republic of scholars. Especially in the context of the possible advancement of peripheral centers in the hierarchy of important links which enable skilful cooperation with the centers. In the last section I draw attention to the forms of scientific cooperation practiced themselves by three scholars invited to discuss with Olechnicka et al.'s book, in the context of the types of man of knowledge distinguished years ago by Florian Znaniecki.
Collaboration as a Window on What Science Has Come
Authors: Turner Steven
Published: September 2024

Agnieszka Olechnicka et al. have nicely documented developments in the internationalization of science and collaboration which raise important broader question. The traditional view, elaborated by Michael Polanyi, was that the transmission of science at the level of discaverers required  personal contact, which normally inovolve time spent in laboratories  of famous scientists, and hands-on experience  with experiments and close interaction with collegues, which in turn implied  a few international centres. Has this changed through digitalization and the internet? One change is the increase in teamwork and the size and physical distribution of research teams, the outsourcing to the larger world of "open science", as well as novel forms of funding of collaboration, which creates the need for new arrangements for patents and credit. The huge size of the grant system and other funding for science from discovery and internal competition to "impact", which has inevitable effects on quality and the life-world orientation of scientists. Whether this has improved science is an open question: it has radically changed it.
Exorcising Merton's Ghost from the Study of Scientific Collaboration: Learning the Lessons of DARPA
Authors: Fuller Steven
Published: September 2024

This article seeks to demystify the influence that Merton continues to have over the sociology of science, including The Geography of Scientific Collaborations. It draws attention to the subbtle shift in Merton's own thinking from a 'communist' to a more stratified approach to scientific collaboration, the latter exemplified by what he called the 'Mathew effect', which he seemed to endorse. This has led the science system to move in seemlingly opposing directions as once: on the one hand, a more freelancing approach by indiidual scientists ('Ricardian'), and on the other, a more teamwork approach by a scientific community ('Saint-Simonian'). It results in the 'dependency culture', especially in academia, as reflecting  in th H-index of scientific  citations. From the standpoint of the dynamics of capitalism, such a result is not surprising. Against this backdrop, DARPA offers an alternative model of cooperation. This US Cold-War inspired agency makes open calls for researchers to participate in projects whose futuristic orientation reduces the prior relative advantage of the applicants. In that respect, it points to a more egalitarian approach to collaboration that might also serve to deconstuct the academic disciplines that currently sustain the hierarchical approach.
Geography of Scientific Collaboration -From the Perspective of 2021
Authors: Olechnicka Agnieszka , Płoszaj Adam , Celińska-Janowicz Dorota
Published: September 2024

Two years ago the publication of the monograph The Geography of Scientific Collaboration the authors discuss what issues would have been addressed if the book was written today. Three interrelated matters come up front. The first is the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on scientific collaboration in both positive and negative ways, also from the geographic perspective. The second is the rise of the virtual conferences with various benefits and challenges they bring, including their inclusively and environmental impacts. The later is the last issue of discussed in the article. The authors identify the environmental effects of academic mobility as one of the key issues that should be addressed by small policies for scientific collaboration in the future.
Deep Stacking Kernel Machines for the Data-Driven Multi-Item, One-Warehouse, Multiretailer Problems with Backlog and Lost Sales
Authors: Chen Zhen-Yu , Sun Minghe
Published: September 2024

The data-driven, multi-item, one-warehouse, multiretailer (OWMR) problem is examined by leveraging historical data and using machine learning methods to improve the ordering decisions in a two-echelon supply chain. A deep stacking kernel machine (DSKM) and its adaptive reweighting extension (ARW-DSKM), fusing deep learning and support vector machines, are developed for the data-driven, multi-item OWMR problems with backlog and lost sales. Considering the temporal network structure and the constraints connecting the subproblems for each item and each retailer, a Lagrange relaxation–based, trilevel, optimization algorithm and a greedy heuristic with good theoretical properties are developed to train the proposed DSKM and ARW-DSKM at acceptable computational costs. Empirical studies are conducted on two retail data sets, and the performances of the proposed methods and some benchmark methods are compared. The DSKM and the ARW-DSKM obtained the best results among the proposed and benchmark methods for the applications of ordering decisions with and without censored demands and with and without new items. Moreover, the implications in selecting suitable, that is, prediction-then-optimization and joint-prediction-and-optimization, frameworks, models/algorithms, and features are investigated.

History: Accepted by Ram Ramesh, Area Editor for Data Science and Machine Learning.

Funding: This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China [Grant 72371062].

Supplemental Material: The software that supports the findings of this study is available within the paper and its Supplemental Information ( https://pubsonline.informs.org/doi/suppl/10.1287/ijoc.2022.0365 ) as well as from the IJOC GitHub software repository ( https://github.com/INFORMSJoC/2022.0365 ). The complete IJOC Software and Data Repository is available at https://informsjoc.github.io/ .
Do Boards Reward and Punish CEOs Based on Employee Satisfaction Ratings?
Authors: Abdulsalam Khaled , Christensen Dane M. , Graffin Scott D. , Li John
Published: September 2024

We investigate whether boards of directors reward and punish chief executive officers (CEOs) based on employee satisfaction ratings. Using data from Glassdoor, we find that CEOs tend to receive larger bonuses when employee satisfaction ratings increase. Similarly, we find a higher rate of CEO dismissal when employees become less satisfied. Further, we investigate three factors that may amplify the role of employee satisfaction ratings in CEO evaluations: the importance of employees to financial performance, the board’s commitment to stakeholders, and the need to preserve firm reputation. We find some evidence that each of these three factors strengthens the relationship between employee satisfaction ratings and CEO evaluations. Finally, we exploit the staggered timing of first-time reviews on Glassdoor and use a difference-in-differences design to strengthen our inferences. Collectively, these findings suggest that boards’ evaluations of CEO compensation and retention incorporate employee satisfaction ratings.
Pressure ulcers: a clinical audit to determine compliance against the aSSKINg framework in an adult community nursing setting
Authors: Martin Susan , Holloway Samantha
Published: September 2024

Assessment of pressure ulcer (PU) risk remains a challenge in clinical practice. The first part of this article ( Martin and Holloway, 2024 ) discussed the evidence base underpinning the development of clinical guidelines for PUs alongside the creation of the bundle approach regarding PU prevention. This article, part two, presents the results of a clinical audit that explores compliance against a PU prevention bundle (the aSSKINg framework) in an adult community nursing setting in the south-east of England. The clinical audit was conducted between July-December 2021 and included records of 150 patients. Overall, compliance against the aSSKINg framework was poor, with only two criterion being met: equipment provision for chair and referral to the tissue viability team. Short-term recommendations are that mandatory PU training for staff in the management of PUs should be implemented, and the tissue viability nurse network should be increased. The long-term recommendation was the introduction of the aSSKINg framework as a template into the electronic patient record.
The use of PICO™ single-use negative pressure wound therapy in the community settings
Authors: Brown Annemarie
Published: September 2024

The prevalence and incidence of wounds is predicted to rise due to an ageing population, that is also likely to have an increasing number of comorbidities ( Dowsett et al, 2017 ). This trend will invariably result in increased costs to the NHS. The estimated annual cost of wound management in 2017/2018 was £8.3 billion. The cost of managing 70% of wounds which healed was £2.7 billion while it cost £5.6 billion managing only 30% of unhealed wounds ( Guest et al, 2020 ). In view of these figures, it is important that health professionals (HPs) recognise wounds that are not progressing to healing at an early stage and implement all available treatment modalities to ensure that the wound does not become non-healing or stalled. Therefore, this article defines non-healing wounds, how to identify wounds at risk of becoming non-healing and the timely implementation of advanced treatment modalities, such as single use negative pressure wound therapy (sNPWT).
Review of recently published articles
Authors: Mendes Aysha
Published: September 2024

Aysha Mendes provides a synopsis and brief review of a selection of recently published research articles that are of interest to community nurses
Tracing Pikler
Authors: Tapping Rachel
Published: September 2024

In the first article in a new series all about the pediatrician and infant educator, Dr Emmi Pikler, Rachel Tapping, Piklerian Early Childhood Adviser and Chair of Pikler UK, shares more about Pikler's background, history and the origin of her pioneering ideas.
Student Q&A: Patient practice
Authors: Lamb Rubie-Grace
Published: September 2024

This month we caught up with Rubie-Grace Lamb, who is completing her Level 2 childcare apprenticeship with Spring Layfield nursery by Action for Children. She discusses her route into the sector and how she developed patience and resilience
The wide world
Authors: Barclay Meg
Published: September 2024

Meg Barclay, education consultant and early years reviewer for the School Library Association, reviews books which teach children about space, the importance of staying true to yourself, and model team work to overcome adversity
A TRAJETÓRIA FORMATIVA DOS EGRESSOS DOS CURSOS DE LETRAS PORTUGUÊS E ESTRANGEIRAS DA UEFS: UMA ANÁLISE CONTRASTIVA
Authors: Tatiele Nascimento Santos  , Nadja Maria Lima Maciel
Published: September 2024

O presente trabalho está vinculado ao Projeto de Pesquisa Tal formação, tal ensino? Uma (re)leitura das políticas de sentido do licenciado e suas práticas docentes em sala de aula como atos de currículo e a qualificação da formação do licenciado, ResoluçãoCONSEPE Nº 76/2017, que tem como premissa realizar uma análise contrastiva das narrativas dos licenciados egressos dos cursos de Letras Estrangeiras e Letras Português da Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, o qual versará sobre os aspectos centrais da pesquisa – atos de currículo, currículo e formação docente.
Functional Outcomes of Gap Non-Union Humerus Fractures Treated with Fibular Strut Graft, Iliac Crest Graft, and Locking Compression Plate
Authors:   Department of Orthopaedics, D.Y. Patil Hospital, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, and, Consultant orthopaedic surgeon, Apollo Hospital, Belapur, Navi Mumbai, India,, Kale Sachin , Vatkar Arvind ,   Department of Orthopaedics, Fortis Hiranandani Hospital, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, and Consultant orthopaedic surgeon, Apollo Hospital,Belapur, India,, Srivastava Abhilash ,   Department of Orthopaedics, D.Y. Patil Hospital, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India., Baruah Rohan Raj ,   Department of Orthopaedics, D.Y. Patil Hospital, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India., Patnaik Jayeshmit ,   Department of Orthopaedics, D.Y. Patil Hospital, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India., Shah Varmit ,   Department of Orthopaedics, D.Y. Patil Hospital, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, and, Consultant orthopaedic surgeon, Apollo Hospital, Belapur, Navi Mumbai, India,
Published: September 2024

Introduction: The humeral shaft gap non-union treatment surgically after unsuccessful fixation is difficult. In this study, the functional outcome of unsuccessful fixation of humeral shaft gap non-unions using a locking compression plate (LCP), fibular strut graft, and iliac bone graft was evaluated. Case Report: we studied 10 patients with humeral shaft gap non-unions with unsuccessful surgical fixation treated with open reduction and internal fixation using LCP with fibular strut graft and iliac cancellous bone graft. The study duration was from January 2022–January 2024. The mean time from non-union was 7 months. Disabilities of the arm, shoulder, and hand (DASH) scores improved significantly from a pre-operative average of 59.2 ± 7.3 to a mean final score of 24.6 ± 4.8 reflecting a mean improvement of 34.6 with no complications. Conclusion: This study shows that LCP with fibular strut graft and iliac bone grafts is a good alternative for diaphyseal humerus gap non-union along with statistically significant improvement in functional outcome, with union seen in all cases. This construct augments biomechanical stability and good biological healing in these gap non-unions. Keywords: Humeral fracture, non-union, locking compression plating, humerus, fibular strut graft.
Functional and Radiological Outcome of Simultaneous Bilateral Total Knee Replacement in a Tertiary Care Center: A Quasi-prospective Study
Authors:   Department of Orthopaedics, St Johns Medical College, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India,, Singh Jasjeet , Cherian Joe Joseph ,   Department of Orthopaedics, St Johns Medical College, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India,, Lal Jaya Vaishnavi ,   Department of Surgical ICU, St Johns Medical College, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India.
Published: September 2024

Introduction: Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most frequent joint disease with a prevalence of 5313/100,000 persons in India. OA of the knee is a major contributor to mobility impairment, particularly among women. In these patients, total knee replacement (TKR) is widely accepted as the gold-standard treatment for pain relief and restoration of function. Now, patients have the option of undergoing either a simultaneous bilateral TKR or a staged TKR. The former has shown significant advantages such as shorter rehabilitation, cost efficacy, and shorter hospital stay. This study aimed to assess the functional and radiological outcome of simultaneous bilateral TKR in a tertiary care center. Materials and Methods: 30 adult patients above the age of 55 years with severe OA knee who underwent simultaneous bilateral TKR between 2022 and 2023 were included in this prospective study. Pre-operatively, they were assessed with radiographs including full-length scanograms. The mean anatomical axis, mean mechanical axis, and mechanical axis deviation (Varus) were calculated based on the scanograms by a single observer. The same observer administered the Oxford Knee Score (OKS) pre-operatively to all patients. Regular clinical and radiological follow-up was done. After 1-year follow-up, the same observer administered the OKS to the operated knee. Results: With a female preponderance among the study subjects (56.7%), the majority of the cases in our cohort were characterized as Grade IV Kellgren–Lawrence radiological grade of OA (76.66%) and were found to have tricompartmental involvement (70%). The mean anatomical axis for the right and left lower limbs was 4.56 ± 5.17 and 9.68 ± 1.72, respectively. The mean mechanical axis deviation (Varus) for the right and left lower limb was 31.6 ± 15.1 and 52.0 ± 13.9, respectively. Preoperatively, the mean mechanical axis for the right and left lower limbs was 9.95 ± 4.31 and 14.2 ± 0.67, respectively. Postoperatively, the mechanical axis was restored to near-normal values (3–5°). Significant improvement in mean OKS from a pre-operative value of 18.30 ± 3.46 to the post-operative value of 33.50 ± 5.32 was noted at 1 year. Conclusion: Treatment of severe bilateral OA knee with simultaneous single-staged bilateral TKR ensures good functional outcome and early mobility with minimal complications. Keywords: Simultaneous bilateral total knee replacement, oxford knee score, mechanical axis deviation.
A Conversation with Kelly Condit-Shrestha
Authors: Condit-Shrestha Kelly , McKee Kimberly D.
Published: September 2024

abstract: This conversation develops ideas about the overlap between childhood studies and adoption studies at the intersection of transnational and transracial adoption, particularly of Korean children.
Introduction: From Archive to Network
Authors: Ahnert Ruth , Beeley Philip , van Raamsdonk Esther , Ryan Yann
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT: Information systems structure our access to the past. Understanding them is vital if we are to appreciate how they shape and bias the histories that we tell. However, as more and more of our archival collections move online, grasping the intricacies of the digital archive, its analog form, and its historical antecedents becomes ever more challenging. This special issue proposes network analysis as a valuable methodological and intellectual framework through which we can navigate and analyze the historical archive, including six new studies that show the research enabled by these methods by virtue of the way that networks foreground latent connections between entities such as documents, texts, people, and places. In this introduction, we adumbrate the multiplicity of ways in which early modern source material can be represented and analyzed using network analysis, and also proffer a set of shared values, methods, and opportunities that informs the development of this research field.
Overcoming Modernity, Exonerating Empire: Yoshimitsu Yoshihiko and the Ironies of Early Shōwa Catholicism
Authors: Lough Christopher T.
Published: September 2024

Abstract: This study examines the political and religious thought of Yoshimitsu Yoshihiko, a convert to Catholicism and professor of philosophy at Sophia University in Tokyo prior to and during the Pacific War. Yoshimitsu is notable as the only Christian to have been present at the Overcoming Modernity symposium, a conference held in 1942 at Tokyo Imperial University and later notorious for its legitimation of Japanese imperialism. Yoshimitsu’s extensive productive output and engagement with Western thought arguably placed him as Japan’s foremost Catholic intellectual until his early death in October 1945. The present article identifies Yoshimitsu’s program at the conference as a distillation of his broader political thought—including his ideology of a “New Middle Ages,” inspired by his studies in France under Jacques Maritain. It aims to shed light on a decidedly understudied figure in Western scholarship while also working toward a fresh reading of the 1942 symposium, thereby contributing to our understanding of Shōwa intellectual history as well as the history of the global Catholic Church at a decisive moment in its encounter with modernity.
Poesía y corrupción virreinal: un soneto de Juan del Valle y Caviedes contra el duque de la Plata
Authors: Cabanillas Cárdenas Carlos F.
Published: September 2024

Resumen: Entre los poemas conservados del poeta Juan del Valle y Caviedes (Porcuna, 1645–Lima, 1698) figuran algunos ataques políticos contra el duque de la Palata, quien gobernó el Virreinato del Perú entre los años 1681 y 1689. En dichos textos se detectan acusaciones de avaricia contra el duque, que pueden relacionarse con ciertas medidas que tomó durante su gobierno contra la amenaza pirata, la paralización del comercio y el fraude en el envío de remesas de plata, y que debieron de causar malestar entre los propios comerciantes limeños. En el siguiente trabajo se estudia un soneto escrito por Caviedes luego de que llegaran noticias de la muerte del duque en Portobelo, se revisa el contexto político-económico de su producción y la intención ejemplarizante del mismo.
Staging a demonic possession: Calderon's auto sacramental El diablo mudo
Authors: Maggi Armando
Published: September 2024

Abstract: This essay examines Calderón's El diablo mudo , an auto sacramental in which the Spanish playwright stages an extraordinary interpretation of demonic possession by reinterpreting the multiple Gospel tales on this subject. The essay first highlights the centrality of Satan in Calderón's autos in the light of his view of history and allegory. Subsequently, it discusses the early-modern interest in demonic possessions as public spectacles and the cultural significance of exorcism. Finally, the essays shows that Calderón's El dablo mudo represents a unique interpretation of the basic interplay between history and allegory, the foundation of Calderón's autos . The essay stresses that El diablo mudo is as a play-within-a-play in which the devil plays the double role of director and character. In this auto the devil aims to perform a possession that will signify a metamorphosis from a historical ("historia") to a new allegorical (alegoría) level. The devil wishes to stage not how the original man fell from grace but rather how every man is subjected to his evil power. In a stunning reversal of the Gospel narratives, in El diablo mudo an instance of human self-discovery and not an external divine intervention frees the tormented human being. Paradoxically, like the demons in Calderón's other autos , in El diablo mudo Christ makes the possessed person aware of his nothingness, but instead of leading the victim to despair, this insight on his human condition frees the victim from the demonic assault.
1060 nm interferometric near-infrared spectroscopy
Authors: Mazumder Dibbyan , Aparanji Santosh , Kholiqov Oybek , Hamilton Drew , Samanta Rabisankar , Srinivasan Vivek
Published: September 2024

Recently, interferometric near-infrared spectroscopy (iNIRS) has emerged to measure diffuse light field fluctuations with time-of-flight (TOF) resolution. Yet, current iNIRS implementations suffer from low throughput, achieving marginal brain sensitivity. In diffuse correlation spectroscopy (DCS), longer wavelengths, with lower photon energy, lower reduced scattering, and higher permissible exposures, have been shown to improve throughput. Motivated by these results, in this Letter, we investigate iNIRS at 1060 nm. We experimentally find that the autocorrelation SNR is improved by 6.2±2.3 times compared to 855 nm and 18±11 times compared to 773 nm at TOFs of 800-1000 ps. Physical system parameters alone cannot account for this improvement, implying that the tissue response also plays a role. We conclude that the 1060 nm range has the potential to significantly improve iNIRS measurements of TOF-resolved speckle fluctuations.
A familial Alzheimer’s disease associated mutation in presenilin-1 mediates amyloid-beta independent cell specific neurodegeneration
Authors: Parvand Mahraz , Liang Joseph J. H. , Bozorgmehr Tahereh , Born Dawson , Luna Cortes Alvaro , Rankin Catharine H.
Published: September 2024

Mutations in the presenilin (PS) genes are a predominant cause of familial Alzheimer’s disease (fAD). An ortholog of PS in the genetic model organism Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) is sel-12. Mutations in the presenilin genes are commonly thought to lead to fAD by upregulating the expression of amyloid beta (Aβ), however this hypothesis has been challenged by recent evidence. As C. elegans lack amyloid beta (Aβ), the goal of this work was to examine Aβ-independent effects of mutations in sel-12 and PS1/PS2 on behaviour and sensory neuron morphology across the lifespan in a C. elegans model. Olfactory chemotaxis experiments were conducted on sel-12(ok2078) loss-of-function mutant worms. Adult sel-12 mutant worms showed significantly lower levels of chemotaxis to odorants compared to wild-type worms throughout their lifespan, and this deficit increased with age. The chemotaxis phenotype in sel-12 mutant worms is rescued by transgenic over-expression of human wild-type PS1, but not the classic fAD-associated variant PS1C410Y, when expression was driven by either the endogenous sel-12 promoter (Psel-12), a pan-neuronal promoter (Primb-1), or by a promoter whose primary expression was in the sensory neurons responsible for the chemotaxis behavior (Psra-6, Podr-10). The behavioural phenotype was also rescued by over-expressing an atypical fAD-linked mutation in PS1 (PS1ΔS169) that has been reported to leave the Notch pathway intact. An examination of the morphology of polymodal nociceptive (ASH) neurons responsible for the chemotaxis behavior also showed increased neurodegeneration over time in sel-12 mutant worms that could be rescued by the same transgenes that rescued the behaviour, demonstrating a parallel with the observed behavioral deficits. Thus, we report an Aβ-independent neurodegeneration in C. elegans that was rescued by cell specific over-expression of wild-type human presenilin.
Diagnostic role of Sysmex hematology analyzer in the detection of malaria: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Mulatie Zewudu , Kelem Amanuel , Chane Elias , Tarekegn Amare Mekuanint , Teketelew Bisrat Birke , Yenesew Abebe , Melkamu Abateneh , Muche Yalew , Addisu Bedasa , Berta Dereje Mengesha
Published: September 2024

Background

Malaria control depends primarily on rapid and accurate diagnosis followed by successful treatment. Light microscopy is still used as a gold standard method for the diagnosis of malaria. The Sysmex hematology analyzer is a novel method for malaria detection. Therefore, the aim of this review was to investigate the diagnostic accuracy of the Sysmex hematology analyzer for malaria diagnosis.

Methods

Electronic databases like PubMed, PubMed Central, Science Direct databases, Google Scholar, and Scopus were used to find relevant articles from April to June 14, 2023. The studies’ methodological quality was assessed using the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies-2 tool. Using Review Manager 5.4.1, the estimates of sensitivity and specificity, as well as their 95% confidence intervals, were shown in forest plots. Midas software in Stata 14.0 was utilized to calculate the summary estimates of sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio, negative likelihood ratio, and diagnostic odds ratio. Heterogeneity was assessed by using I2 statistics. In addition, publication bias was assessed using a funnel plot and Deeks’ test. Sub-group and meta- regression analysis were also performed.

Results

A total of 15 studies were assessed for diagnostic accuracy. The sensitivity and specificity of Sysmex hematology analyzer for studies ranged from 46% to 100% and 81% to 100%, respectively. The summary estimate of sensitivity and specificity of Sysmex hematology analyzer were 95% (95% CI: 85%-99%) and 99% (95% CI: 97%-100%), respectively. It had excellent diagnostic accuracy. There were significant heterogeneity among the studies included in this meta-analysis. The summary estimate of sensitivity and specificity of Sysmex hematology analyzer using polymerase chain reaction as the gold standard was 97.6% (95% CI: 83.2, 99.7) and 99.4% (98.5, 99.8), respectively.

Conclusion

In this review, Sysmex hematology analyzer had excellent diagnostic accuracy. Therefore, it could be used as an alternate diagnostic tool for malaria diagnosis in the hospital and health center.

Trial registration

Systematic review registration PROSPERO (2023: CRD42023427713). https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42023427713.
Effects of producer service industry co-agglomeration and manufacturing on the green and high-end transformation of manufacturing: An empirical study from Hunan Province
Authors: Cheng Yuchen , Pan Lijun , Tan Haobo , Liu Ximei
Published: September 2024

In the context of the “dual carbon goals” and intensified international manufacturing competition, the green and high-end transformation of manufacturing is the direction for the industry’s future growth in China. The study discusses the effect of producer service industry co-agglomeration and manufacturing on the transformation of manufacturing into being green and high-end. Firstly, we systematically elaborate on the mechanism of the collaborative promotion of high-end manufacturing by the service and manufacturing industries and propose research hypotheses. Based on the 2010 to 2020 Hunan Provincial Statistical Yearbook data, we used the coupling coordination model and entropy method to calculate the level of collaborative development between the manufacturing and service industry, as well as the level of green high-end development in the manufacturing industry. Lastly, the specific impact of the synergistic effect of the two industries on the green high-end transformation of the manufacturing industry was analyzed using the dynamic panel regression model. Results found that service industry manufacturing synergy has a noteworthy positive driving effect on the green and high-end transformation of manufacturing. However, the impact varies across different service industries and manufacturing sectors with different technological levels. We also provide some implications for improving transformation efficiency in the green and high-end manufacturing industry.
Cortisol levels, heart rate, and autonomic responses in horses during repeated road transport with differently conditioned trucks in a tropical environment
Authors: Lertratanachai Siengsaw , Poochipakorn Chanoknun , Sanigavatee Kanokpan , Huangsaksri Onjira , Wonghanchao Thita , Charoenchanikran Ponlakrit , Lawsirirat Chaipat , Chanda Metha
Published: September 2024

Horse’s stress responses have been reported during road transport in temperate but not tropical environments. Therefore, this study measured cortisol levels, heart rate (HR), and heart rate variability (HRV) in horses during medium-distance road transport with different truck conditions in a tropical environment. Six horses were repeatedly transported in either air-conditioned trucks with full (ATF) or space (ATS) loads or non-air-conditioned trucks with full (N-ATF) and space (N-ATS) loads. Blood cortisol was determined beforehand and 5, 30, and 90 minutes post-transport. HR and HRV were assessed pre-transport and at 15-minute intervals until 90 minutes post-transport. Cortisol levels increased significantly in N-ATS horses (but non-significantly in ATF, ATS, and N-ATF horses) at 5 minutes post-transport and returned to baseline by 30 minutes post-transport. Predominant parasympathetic nervous system (PNS) activity was observed during the first few hours and returned to baseline until the destination was reached. A recurrent, increased PNS activity was detected post-transport. Interaction effects of air condition-by-loading condition-by-time, air condition-by-time, and separate effects of air condition and time were observed on HR and various HRV variables during transport. A transient increase in beat-to-beat intervals, coinciding with decreased HR, was observed in ATF horses. The PNS index increased, corresponding to a decreased sympathetic nervous system index, in ATS horses during transport. We suggest that medium-distance road transport causes no stress for transport-experienced horses in a tropical environment. Air and loading conditions impacted hormonal and autonomic modulation, causing different responses in horses transported in differently conditioned trucks.