bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Feasibility Study of Sygno iFlow in Predicting Post-Percutaneous Transluminal Angioplasty Hemodynamic Improvement in Peripheral Artery Disease
Authors: Tang Ming , Zeng Fanyi , Chang Xindong , He Mingfei , Fang Qingqing , Xue Lele , Luo Xinyi , Yin Shiwu
Published: September 2023

Objective: The present investigation aims to scrutinize the feasibility of prognosticating clinical outcomes during the percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) procedures applied to patients afflicted with peripheral artery disease (PAD), utilizing the Sygno iFlow technology.
Methods:Retrospectively enrolling 76 patients from December 2021 to May 2023, yielding a total of 77 affected limbs, this study employs clinical outcomes (improvement or otherwise) as the gold standard. Two physicians conducted visual assessments on both DSA and iFlow images to gauge patient improvement and assessed inter-observer consistency for each image modality. The Time to Peak (TTP) of regions of interest (ROIs) at the femoral head, knee joint, and ankle joint was measured. Differences in pre- and post-procedure TTP were juxtaposed, and statistically significant parameter cutoff values were identified via ROC analysis. Employing these cutoffs for TTP classification, multiple logistic regression and the C-statistic were utilized to assess the predictive value of distinct parameters for clinical success.
Results: PTA exhibited technical and clinical success rates of 82.58% and 75.32%, respectively. Diagnostic performance of iFlow image visual assessment surpassed that of DSA images. Inter-observer agreement for iFlow and DSA image evaluations was equivalent (κ = 0.48 vs 0.50). Post-classification using cutoff values, multiple logistic regression demonstrated the statistical significance of ankle joint TTP in PTA's post-procedure iFlow images for clinical success evaluation (OR 7.21; 95% CI 1.68, 35.21; P=0.010), with a C-statistic of 0.612.
Conclusion: Sygno iFlow color-encoded imagery holds practical value in appraising post-PTA technical success, offering comprehensive lower limb arterial perfusion visualization. Its quantifiable parameters exhibit promising potential for prognosticating clinical success.
Scalp Acupuncture for Consciousness State Management in ICU: a protocol of a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Jiang Ruowen , Sun Tianze , Lyu Guangyan , Xyue Jiawei , Wang Junwu , Wang Jun , Wang Xue
Published: September 2023

[BACKGROUND]
Consciousness disorder is a common clinical symptom in the intensive care unit (ICU). Whether it is the change of awakening or consciousness content, it will bring challenges to the treatment, affect patients' compliance, and even lead to unnecessary complications. It is essential to improve the management of consciousness disorder in the ICU. Scalp acupuncture is commonly using for nervous system diseases as an acupuncture intervention in China. However, considering the characteristics of patients in the ICU, whether scalp acupuncture can be used safely and effectively in the management of consciousness disorder in the ICU needs careful evaluation.
[OBJECTIVE]
To understand the role of scalp acupuncture for consciousness disorder management in ICU and provide clinical evidence for a non-medication intervention for consciousness disorder management in ICU.
[METHODS]
hrough randomized controlled trial, patients in ICU will be allocated into two groups (acupuncture group and medication group). During consciousness management in ICU, acupuncture group receive both scalp acupuncture and medication, while medication group receive medication only. Discuss the role, effect, and safety of scalp acupuncture in the management of consciousness disorder in ICU.
[TRIAL REGISTRATION] ChiCTR2300069586.
VERSION Modified on 28th March 2023.
Temporal Evolution of Hurricane Activity: Insights from Decades of Category 1-5 Analysis
Authors: Neto José Augusto Ferreira , Mendes David , Gonçalves Weber Andrade , Cintra Marcio Machado , Oliveira José Francisco
Published: September 2023

This study conducts an in-depth analysis of hurricane trajectories and their variabilities across categories 1 to 5 over several decades. Utilizing HURDAT2 data from 1961 to 2021, the analysis categorizes hurricanes based on the rate of pressure drop within a six-hour interval, revealing distinct patterns in intensification and weakening among different categories. The K-means clustering method synthesized hurricane trajectories into representative paths, illustrating significant variations among decades. The research indicates that Category 1 and 2 hurricanes predominantly originate from tropical depressions, with this trend slightly intensifying in Categories 3 and 4. In contrast, Category 5 displayed variation, revealing an increased frequency in subsequent decades. Moreover, the study analyzes the monthly distribution of hurricanes, finding September as the peak month across categories. The analysis further detects a significant interannual variability with a noticeable intensification in hurricane activity since the 1990s, albeit with some reductions in the early 2010s. The Accumulated Cyclone Energy (ACE) is used to summarize cyclonic activities, with results indicating a decrease from 1970–1995, followed by a consistent surge over the last 15 years. This is aligned with previous research suggesting an approximately 60% increase in ACE since the 1980s. Additionally, an analysis of North Atlantic basin data reflects a progressive increase in the frequency of named storms and hurricanes, particularly from 1991 onwards. In conclusion, the study highlights not only an escalating frequency of hurricanes but also an enhanced variability and unpredictability, which necessitates further research to comprehend the underlying causes and evaluate the potential socio-economic and environmental consequences.
Structurally similar G protein complexes with β1-adrenergic receptor active state show differential binding kinetics, mediating selectivity
Authors: Nietlispach Daniel , Jones Andrew , Harman Thomas , Harris Matthew , Lewis Oliver , Ladds Graham
Published: September 2023

G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) bind to different G protein α-subtypes with varying degrees of selectivity. The mechanism by which GPCRs achieve this selectivity is still unclear. Using 13C methyl methionine and 19F NMR we investigated active states of β1AR agonist bound and in ternary complex with different G proteins in solution. We found the receptor in the ternary complexes adopted very similar conformations. In contrast the full agonist-bound receptor active state assumed a conformation different from previously characterized activation intermediates or from β1AR in ternary complexes. Assessing the kinetics of binding of the agonist-bound receptor with different G proteins we found the increased affinity of β1AR for Gs resulted from its much faster association with the receptor. Consequently, we suggest a kinetic-driven selectivity gate between canonical and secondary coupling which arises from differential favourability of G protein binding to the agonist-bound receptor active state.
Stability Trend Analysis of Light Lanthanide Complexes with a Fluorophenyl-dipicolinamide: A Quantum Chemical Study
Authors: Wang Bingchun , Zhang Xinyi , Li Taotao , Chen Miaogen
Published: September 2023

Context Extracting actinides from lanthanides is a crucial step in the reprocessing of spent nuclear fuel, and inevitably the interaction of ligands with lanthanides needs to be considered either. N,N'-diethyl-N,N'-di(para)fluorophenyl-2,6-dipicolinamid (FDPA) has been identified as a promising ligand in lanthanide-actinide separation. In this work, the stability trend of light lanthanide (Ln(III), from La(III) to Eu(III)) complexes with FDPA were theoretically analyzed using density functional theory (DFT). The bond strength, nature of bonding and thermodynamic properties were investigated in an attempt to reveal the affinities for Ln(III). Based on our calculations, the FDPA binds to Ln(III)s via closed-shell interactions. The bond strength for most Ln(III) complexes gradually decreases, which trend consistent with water, making them extractable with little selectivity. Exceptionally, FDPA shows significant selectivity for Ce(III) and Nd(III) due to energetical exclusion.Methods All the DFT calculations were carried out by Gaussian 09 E.01 program suite. The SC-ECP and ECP28MWB-SEG basis sets were used for all the Ln(III)s, and the 6-311g(d,p) basis set was used for other atoms. Vibrational frequency calculations can ensure the structure obtained are minimized on the potential energy surface. The QTAIM parameters were measured by Multiwfn 3.8.
Diagnosis subtype of endometrial carcinoma using a deep learning model based on histopathological images
Authors: Qi Lisha , Li Lingmei , Guo Yijun , Rui Yin , Wang Jingyi , Cao Lu , Gao Yanan , Chen Dandan , Qiao Ge , Liu Ming , Li Xiaofeng , Ma Yaomei , Zhang Su , Xiao Huiting , Jiang Zhongmin , Ma Wenjuan
Published: September 2023

The histological determination of endometrial carcinoma (EC) remains the keystone in the diagnostic process and helps patients receive appropriate and effective treatment. We focused on constructing a prognostic deep learning (DL) model, which was trained and validated using four independent cohorts of 4108 Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) stained images from 1027 patients with multiple magnifications. The model yields an averaged area under the receiver operating curve (AUROC) of 0.962 from the internal dataset, an AUROC of 0.878 on an external dataset from another medical center, and an AUROC of 0.930 on the different scanners dataset, and an AUROC of 0.926 on the poor quality slides dataset, respectively. The predictive value by DL was significant with the mutant P53 of EC (p<0.05). Furthermore, the predictive performance of the model was better than the primary and senior pathologist's prediction (AUC= 0.962, 0.722 and 0.868, respectively). The DL model can accurately highlight morphological characteristics in H&E images and provide indications into the diagnosis and stratification for the management.
Long-term monitoring of SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence and variants in Ethiopia provides prediction for immunity and cross-immunity
Authors: Merkt* Simon , Ali* Solomon , Gudina* Esayas Kebede , Adissu Wondimagegn , Muenchhoff Maximilian , Adissu Wondimagegn , Graf Alexander , Krebs Stefan , Elsbernd Kira , Kisch Rebecca , Sirgu Sisay , Fantahun Bereket , Bekele Delayehu , Rubio-Acero Raquel , Gashaw Mulatu , Girma Eyob , Yilma Daniel , Zeynudin Ahmed , Paunovic Ivana , Hoelscher Michael , Blum Helmut , Hasenauer* Jan , Kroidl* Arne , Wieser* Andreas
Published: September 2023

Under-reporting of COVID-19 cases and the lack of information about circulating SARS-CoV-2 variants remain major challenges for many African countries to date. To address this, we present a comprehensive analysis of the dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 infections in Ethiopia, focusing on reinfection dynamics, (variant-specific) immunity, and the impact of vaccination rates. We conducted an antibody serology study, sequenced positive polymerase chain reaction tests, used available test positivity rates, and constructed two mathematical models integrating these data sets. A multivariant model was used to explore the variant dynamics and differential susceptibility to reinfection based on genetic distances between variants, identifying wildtype, alpha, delta, and omicron BA.4/5 as the four most important variants in Ethiopia. Cross-immunity between variants is investigated, revealing immunities ranging from 24% to 69% risk reduction. A second, antibody-level focused model, predicts slow antibody decay, particularly for Anti-S antibodies, leading to sustained high antibody levels until present times. Retrospectively, it suggests that increased early vaccination could have substantially reduced infections during the delta and omicron waves. However, as a large proportion of the population might have already had multiple infections that led to a strong immune response, further vaccination is less likely to have a significant impact now.

*The authors would like to note that Simon Merkt, Solomon Ali, Esayas Kebede Gudina, Jan Hasenauer, Arne Kroidl, and Andreas Wieser respectively contributed equally.
IPLOT-VKA: an Integral-method Powell-pLOT-enhanced Visual Kinetic Analysis for the determination of orders of reaction
Authors: Landi Alessandro , Monaco Guglielmo
Published: September 2023

Determination of partial orders in kinetics is a general entry step for any mechanistic investigation; recently, considerable attention has been given to the benefits of using visual methods to help in this task, such as easy utilization and data-efficiency. Here, the classic method by Powell and Margerison has been revisited and improved adding new features (e.g. quantitative estimation of errors), the set of analytical working equation has been widened, and a free, open-access and easy-to-use Web-application, named IPLOT-VKA has been developed. Several examples, taken from reference teaching experiences and from recent literature in catalysis show the efficacy and accuracy of our method.
Inland navigation is a driver of freshwater biodiversity declines in Europe
Authors: Sexton Aaron , Beisel Jean-Nicolas , Staentzel Cybill , Wolter Christian , Tales Evelyne , Belliard Jérôme , Buijse Anthonie , Fernández Vanesa Martinez , Wantzen Karl , Jähnig Sonja , de Leaniz Carlos Garcia , Schmidt-Kloiber Astrid , Haase Peter , Forio Marie , Archambaud Gait , Fruget Jean-François , Dohet Alain , Evtimova Vesela , Csabai Zoltán , Floury Mathieu , Goethals Peter , Várbíró Gábor , Cañedo-Argüelles Miguel , Larrañaga Aitor , Maire Anthony , Schaefer Ralf , Sinclair James , Vannevel Rudy , Welti Ellen , Jeliazkov Alienor
Published: September 2023

Freshwater navigation is expected to increase in the coming years, being promoted as a low-carbon form of transport. However, we currently lack knowledge on how this will impact biodiversity at large scales and interact with existing stressors. We addressed this knowledge gap by analyzing fish and macroinvertebrate community time series spanning the last 30 years across large European rivers comprising 19,592 observations from 4,049 sampling sites. We found ship traffic to be associated with biodiversity declines, i.e. decreases in fish and macroinvertebrate taxonomic richness and diversity, and trait richness. Shipping was also associated with increases in taxonomic evenness, which, in concert with richness decreases, can likely be attributed to losses in rare/smaller populations. In particular, shipping was especially harmful for benthic taxa and those preferring slow flows. These effects were often dependent on local land use and degradation. In fish, the negative impacts of shipping were highest in urban and agricultural landscapes. Regarding navigation infrastructure, the negative impact of channelization on macroinvertebrates was only evident when riparian degradation was also high. Our results demonstrate the risk of increasing inland navigation on freshwater biodiversity. Integrative waterway management accounting for riparian and landscape characteristics could help to mitigate these impacts.
Cloning and expression analysis of beta-tubulin gene in Tetrahymena pyriformis following infection of the guppy
Authors: Jiang Mingyue , Zhou Chunyu , Wang Sihan , Liu Lihui , Zhang Shuixian , Wang Li , Pan Xuming
Published: September 2023

Tetrahymenosis is caused by the ciliated protozoan Tetrahymena and is responsible for serious economic losses to the aquaculture industry worldwide. However, information regarding the molecular mechanism leading to tetrahymenosis is limited. In previous transcriptome sequencing work, it was found that β-tubulin gene was significantly expressed in T. pyriformis during its infected fish, we speculated that β-tubulin involved in Tetrahymena piriformis infecting fish. Herein, the potential biological function of the β-tubulin gene in Tetrahymena species when establishing infection in guppies was investigated by cloning the full-length cDNA of T. pyriformis β-tubulin gene (TUBB). The full-length cDNA of TUBB was 1873 bp, and the ORF occupied 1134 bp, whereas 5' UTR 434 bp, and 3' UTR 305 bp whose poly (A) tail contained 12 bases. The predicted protein encoded by TUBB had a calculated molecular weight of 42.26 kDa and pI of 4.48. Moreover, secondary structure analysis and tertiary structure prediction of TUBB protein were also conducted. In addition, morphology, infraciliature, phylogeny, and histopathology of T. pyriformis isolated from guppies from a fish market in Harbin were also investigated. Furthermore, qRT-PCR analysis and experimental infection assays indicated that the expression of TUBB resulted in efficient cell proliferation during infection. Collectively, our data revealed that TUBB is a key gene involved in T. pyriformis infection in guppies, and the findings discussed herein provide valuable insights for future studies on tetrahymenosis.
The behavior of phobic and philic oil mist filters under high pressure
Authors: wang yuewen , Wu Xiaolin , Chen Yuncong , Ji Zhongli
Published: September 2023

The aim of this paper is to study the changing law of filter material properties under high pressure conditions, and for this purpose an experimental setup was established to measure the properties of filter materials at a maximum pressure of 5 MPa. The experiments were carried out at a pressure of 1–5 MPa, and the detailed experiments were conducted on the pressure drop, saturation and the liquid distribution pattern of the first and last layers of the filter material. The experimental results show that the liquid film on the surface of the filter material becomes progressively thinner with increasing pressure, and the jump pressure drop becomes smaller while the saturation increases. In addition, the results show that with increasing pressure, the surface tension of the droplets decreases and the surface tension of the DEHS decreases from 28.72 mN/m to 25.26 mN/m. The capillary force of filter material B was reduced from 0.20 mN to 0.13 mN, a 35% reduction in capillary force. which changed the distribution of droplets on the fibres and enhanced the wettability of the filter material. This discovery is of great significance for understanding the variation pattern of filter material performance under high pressure conditions, and provides a basis for the design and manufacture of filter elements for high pressure occasions.
Apolipoprotein H as a Crucial Immunomodulatory Factor in Sepsis
Authors: Yu Zhicai , Xiao Changxue , Liu Rong , Pi Dandan , Jin Bian , Zou Zhen , Xu Feng
Published: September 2023

Background.
Sepsis is a life-threatening acute organ dysfunction caused by a dysregulated immune response to infections. Apolipoprotein H (APOH) is an important plasma protein that regulates diverse biological processes. However, the role of APOH in the immunopathology of sepsis remains unidentified.
Methods.
APOH concentration was determined in pediatric patients with sepsis and healthy individuals. The effect of APOH on survival, organ injury, and inflammation were measured in an experimental sepsis model of cecal ligation and puncture (CLP). The possible mechanisms of APOH on anti-inflammation response were explored in PBMC, PM, BMDM and RAW 264.7 macrophages.
Results.
APOH concentration was significantly decreased in the patients with sepsis compared with those of healthy controls, and was negatively linked with severity and mortality of pediatric sepsis. Therapeutic administration of recombinant APOH protein reduced the mortality rate in mice with sepsis, alleviated organs injury and inhibited inflammation in mice with severe sepsis. Conversely, neutralizing APOH by anti-APOH monoclonal antibody led to an increased mortality rate, organs injury and inflammation in mice with nonsevere sepsis. Intriguingly, APOH had negligible influences on bacterial burden and the counts of neutrophils and macrophages in sepsis mice model, and bacterial phagocytosis and killing upon P. aeruginosa infection in PM, RAW 264.7 and PBMC cells. Mechanistic investigation in PM and RAW 264.7 cells indicated that APOH reshaped macrophage polarization by inhibiting M1 macrophage through suppression of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)/nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling pathway.
Conclusion.
This proof-of-concept study elucidated that APOH played an important role in the host defense response to sepsis and suggested a potential therapeutic role for APOH in the treatment of sepsis.
Using a Solvent-Induced Self-Assembly Approach to Fabricate and Tune the Organogels and Hydrogels
Authors: Wang Ruicong , Hao Xiaoting , Yang Haikuan
Published: September 2023

In the present work, stable organogels and hydrogels could be formed by dimeric-dehydrocholic acid derivative (DDAD) in different solvents. Compared with the organogels, the hydrogels formed by DDAD were found to be thermal reversible and had higher gel-to-solution transition temperature. The supramolecular structures in the organogels and hydrogels were further studied by using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). TEM and AFM images of the supramolecular gels showed that the solvent effects played a crucial role in morphological structures. Specifically, the organogel had a three-dimensional porous network structure. While, the hydrogel had a supramolecular structure made up of long fibers. Fourier transformation infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) showed that multiple hydrogen bonds among the gelator molecules were the main driving forces in gel formation. On this base, the solvent effects on the gelation abilities and thermal stability were discussed. Thus, the present study provides a solvent-induced self-assembly approach and contributes substantially to the development of the supramolecular gels as soft materials.
Anaerobic fungi in the tortoise alimentary tract illuminate early stages of host-fungal symbiosis and Neocallimastigomycota evolution
Authors: Youssef Noha , Pratt Carrie , Meili Casey , Jones Adrienne , Jackson Darian , England Emma , Rogers Janet , Hartson Steve , Elshahed Mostafa , Wang Yan
Published: September 2023

The anaerobic gut fungi (AGF, Neocallimastigomycota) reside in the alimentary tract of herbivores. While their presence in mammals is well documented, evidence for their occurrence in non-mammalian hosts is currently sparse. Here we report on AGF communities in tortoises (family Testudinidae). Culture-independent surveys of tortoise fecal samples identified a unique AGF community, with three novel deep-branching genera representing > 90% of sequences in most samples. Representatives of all genera were successfully isolated under strict anaerobic conditions at 30ºC or 39ºC. Transcriptomics-enabled phylogenomic and molecular dating analysis indicated an ancient, deep-branching position in the AGF tree for these genera, with an evolutionary divergence time estimate of 104–112 million years ago (Mya). Such estimates push the establishment of animal- Neocallimastigomycota symbiosis from the early Paleogene (67 Mya) to the early Cretaceous (112 Mya). Further, compared to their mammalian counterparts, tortoise-associated isolates exhibited a more limited capacity for plant polysaccharides metabolism and lacked genes encoding several carbohydrate active enzyme (CAZyme) families mediating their degradation. Finally, we demonstrate that the observed curtailed degradation capacities and reduced CAZyme repretoire in tortoise-associated AGF is driven by the paucity of horizontal gene transfer (HGT) in tortoise-associated AGF genomes, compared to the massive HGT occurrence in mammalian AGF taxa. The reduced CAZyome and overall secretory machinery observed is also reflected in an altered cellulosomal production capacity in tortoise-associated AGF. Our findings provide novel insights into the scope of phylogenetic diversity, ecological distribution, evolutionary history, evolution of fungal-host nutritional symbiosis, and dynamics of genes and traits acquisition in Neocallimastigomycota.
Evaluation of platelet lysate-based medium and protein substrate for HUVEC cell culture and expansion
Authors: Rojas Juan Manuel Duarte , Múnera Luz Marina Restrepo , Mira Sergio Estrada
Published: September 2023

Endothelial cell (EC) culture requires specialized and commercial culture media that differ fundamentally in the composition of growth supplements. These media are expensive and must be imported, increasing the time to effective use. Human platelet lysate (PL) and platelet lysate serum (PLS) media are emerging alternatives to commercial media. This study evaluated the performance and behavior of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) using the commercial medium ECGM-Promocell® and media supplemented with PL and PLS. After obtaining informed consent, umbilical cords were collected and HUVEC were isolated. The performance of HUVECs was compared between ECGM-Promocell® commercial medium and media developed from PL and PLS. A PL-derived protein substrate was introduced to pre-treat and form a thin layer on culture plates. The cells were characterized by flow cytometry using the markers CD31, CD144, CD146, CD34, and HLA-DR. A mixed culture medium was obtained from the combination of PLS and ECGM-Promocell® commercial medium, which was able to maintain the viability, adhesion, and proliferation of ECs. At the same time, a protein substrate was implemented using PL, which was added to the surface of the culture plates, being able to simulate an extracellular matrix, facilitating enhanced endothelial cell adhesion, proliferation, and yield. Cells cultured with ECGM-Promocell® and the mixed medium, with and without the PL protein substrate, expressed the surface markers CD31, CD144, and CD146, and were negative for CD34 and HLA-DR markers. The mixed medium together with the PL protein substrate represents excellent alternatives for the culture, maintenance, and proliferation of endothelial cells; being a promising and profitable strategy for the research and production of these cells for therapeutic and research purposes.
Cloning of PGRP Gene and Its Expression Responding to the Stimulations of Vibrio Alginolyticus, LPS, and Poly (I:C) in Pinctada fucata
Authors: Zhang Shengyu , Yu Dahui , Liang Xia , Jiang Haoxin , Li Suping , Yan Xueyu , Wang Pei , Guo Ying , Zhai Ziqin , Bai Lirong
Published: September 2023

The PfPGRP gene from the pearl oyster Pinctada fucata was cloned and expressed in different tissues with and without stimulation by Vibrio alginolyticus, LPS, and Poly (I:C) to investigate its role in the immune response. The cDNA sequence of PfPGRP was 789 bp long, containing an open reading frame of 591 bp that encoded 196 amino acids. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the genetic distance between vertebrate and invertebrate PGRPs was significant, and the homology of PGRP gene sequences in mollusks was around 50%. The PfPGRP gene had the highest homology with the PGRP gene from Crassostrea gigas, at 72.9%. Protein domain prediction identified a conserved canonical PGRP domain and an Ami_2 domain in PfPGRP, suggesting that it could hydrolyze invading bacteria and terminate the immune response. Quantitative PCR showed that PfPGRP was expressed constitutively in all tissues, with the highest levels in the mantle, followed by the gonad and hepatopancreas. The expression of PfPGRP in the mantle was significantly upregulated after LPS injection, indicating that this tissue is more sensitive to LPS and plays a crucial role in defending against bacterial invasions. Similarly, the expression of PfPGRP in the hepatopancreas was significantly upregulated after both Vibrio and LPS injections, but reached its maximum later in the Poly (I:C) group, suggesting that it is more sensitive to bacteria and may be involved in bacterial elimination.Overall, these results suggest that PfPGRP plays an essential role in the innate immune system of P. fucata and is involved in defense against bacterial and viral invasions.
Managing a difficult airway due to supraglottic masses: successful videolaryngoscopic intubation after induction of general anesthesia
Authors: Jeong Hye-won , Song Eun-Jin , Jang Eun-A , Kim Joungmin
Published: September 2023

Background Awake fiberoptic intubation is regarded as the gold standard for managing anticipated difficult airways. However, it may not be feasible in patients with supraglottic masses.Case presentation A 41-year-old female patient was scheduled for excision of bilateral, mobile, and pedunculated masses on both aryepiglottic folds, which covered almost the entire upper part of the glottis. Considering her symptoms (neither stridor nor dyspnea in any position) and the risks of awake fiberoptic intubation in this patient (bleeding, damage, and displacement of the masses), the initial decision was to proceed with gentle tracheal intubation using a videolaryngoscope under general anesthesia. Ensuring that mask ventilation was maintained with ease, the patient was sequentially administered intravenous propofol, remifentanil, and rocuronium. Under sufficient depth of anesthesia, intubation using a videolaryngoscope was successfully performed without any complications.Conclusions Videolaryngoscopic intubation after induction of general anesthesia can be a feasible alternative for managing difficult airways in patients with supraglottic masses.
Relationship between the lipidome profile and disease activity in patients with rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Masuoka Shotaro , Nishio Junko , Yamada Soichi , Saito Kosuke , Kaneko Kaichi , Kaburaki Makoto , Tanaka Nahoko , Sato Hiroshi , Muraoka Sei , Kawazoe Mai , Mizutani Satoshi , Ishii-Watabe Akiko , Kawai Shinichi , Saito Yoshiro , Nanki Toshihiro
Published: September 2023

Lipid mediators have been suggested to play important roles in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Lipidomics has recently allowed for the comprehensive analysis of lipids and has revealed the potential of lipids as biomarkers for the early diagnosis of RA and prediction of therapeutic responses. However, the relationship between disease activity and the lipid profile in RA remains unclear. In the present study, we performed a plasma lipidomic analysis of 278 patients with RA during treatment and examined relationships with disease activity using the Disease Activity Score in 28 joints (DAS28)-erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR). In all patients, 12 lipids positively correlated and 7 lipids negatively correlated with DAS28-ESR. Stearic acid [FA(18:0)] (r = -0.45) and palmitic acid [FA(16:0)] (r = -0.39) showed strong negative correlations. After adjustments for age, body mass index (BMI), and medications, stearic acid, palmitic acid, bilirubin, and lysophosphatidylcholines negatively correlated with disease activity. Stearic acid inhibited osteoclast differentiation from peripheral blood monocytes in in vitro experiments, suggesting its contribution to RA disease activity by affecting bone metabolism. These results indicate that the lipid profile correlates with the disease activity of RA and also that some lipids may be involved in the pathogenesis of RA.
Predicting the spatio-temporal dynamics of Popillia japonica populations
Authors: Gilioli Gianni , Sperandio Giorgio , Simonetto Anna , Ciampitti Mariangela , Cavagna Beniamino , Bianchi Alessandro , Battisti Andrea , Mori Nicola , De Francesco Andrea , Gervasio Paola
Published: September 2023

We developed a reaction-diffusion model to describe the spatio-temporal dynamics of the Japanese beetle (Popillia japonica Newman), based on adult abundance data collected by the Regional Phytosanitary Service during the monitoring activities in the infested area in Lombardy (northern Italy), from 2015 to 2021. The model simulated the abundance of the pest, with a discrete time step of one year along linear trajectories departing from an initial point of establishment. The model allowed to determine the asymptotic spreading speed (i.e., the speed at which the leading edge of a population wave moves over time) of the pest along 13 different trajectories, and varied from 4.5 to 13.8 km/y, with a mean value of 8.2 km/y. Finally, we developed a land suitability index that summarises the effect of land use on the trajectory-specific asymptotic spreading speed of P. japonica. Specifically, it has been observed an increase in the spreading speed of 260 meters per year for an increase of a percentage point of the land suitability index. The model presented and the knowledge acquired in this work represent an important step forward in the comprehension of P. japonica population dynamics, and they represent important elements for the development of a decision support tool for pest risk managers to design and implement scientifically-driven management actions.
“That’s why we’re speaking up today.”: Exploring Barriers to Overdose Fatality Prevention in Indianapolis’ Black Community with Semi-Structured Interviews
Authors: Seo Dong-Chul , Satterfield Naomi , Alba-Lopez Leonardo , Lee Shin Hyung , Crabtree Charlotte , Cochran Nicki
Published: September 2023

Background: Opioid overdose deaths are of great concern to public health, with over one million lives lost since 1999. While many efforts have been made to mitigate these, Black communities continue to experience a greater burden of fatalities than their white counterparts. This study aims to explore why by working with members of low-income primarily Black communities in Indianapolis through semi-structured interviews.
Methods: Semi-structured one-on-one in-depth interviews were conducted in spring and summer of 2023 with Black residents (N=23) of zip codes 46202, 46205, 46208, and 46218 in Indianapolis. Ten interview questions were used to facilitate conversations about opioid overdoses, recovery, fatality prevention tools such as calling 911 and naloxone, law enforcement, and racism. Data were analyzed using grounded theory and thematic analysis.
Results: Interviews revealed access barriers and intervention opportunities. Racism was present in both. Mental access barriers such as stigma, fear, and mistrust contributed to practical barriers such as knowledge of how to administer naloxone. Racism exacerbated mental barriers by adding the risk of race-based mistreatment to consequences related to association with substance use. Participants discussed the double-stigma of substance use and being Black, fear of being searched in law enforcement encounters and what would happen if law enforcement found naloxone on them, and mistrust of law enforcement and institutions that provide medical intervention. Participants had favorable views of interventions that incorporated mutual aid and discussed ideas for future interventions that included this framework.
Conclusions: The impact mental barriers have on access to opioid overdose prevention behaviors and tools, such as calling 911 and administering naloxone, are magnified by racism. Information and resources coming from people within marginalized communities tend to be trusted. Leveraging inter-community relationships may increase engagement in opioid overdose fatality prevention. Interventions and resources directed towards addressing opioid overdose fatalities in Black communities should use mutual aid frameworks to increase the utilization of the tools they provide.
More accuracy approach for signal subspace-based algorithms in bistatic EMVS-MIMO radar
Authors: Xue Fengtao , Yang Yunxiu , Feng Maoyuan , Shu Qin
Published: September 2023

In this article, we rediscuss the parameter estimation in a bistatic multiple-input multiple-output radar system with electromagnetic vector sensor (EMVS) and propose an improved approach for all signal subspace-based estimation algorithms. First, the signal subspace is obtained by directly performing SVD or high-order SVD on the signal matrix or the signal tensor. Then, the elevation angle is automatically estimated by exploiting the rotation invariance of the receive-transmit array manifold and the Joint diagonalization technology. Then, the estimated elevation angle is taken as prior information, and the spatial response vector is recovered from the entire signal subspace using least-squares by exploring the property of the Kronecker product. Next, the azimuth angle is estimated by the ‘Vector Cross-Product’ strategy. Finally , the polarization parameters are calculated based on the least-squares method. The proposed algorithm is analyzed from the aspects of identifi-ability and complexity. The proposed signal subspace acquisition method is less computationally intensive. The improved parameter estimation approach can realize automatic parameter pairing and have a better parameter estimation performance than the previous corresponding algorithms when it works on the subspace obtained in different ways. Simulation results verify the performance improvement of the proposed algorithm.
SOX30, a valuable diagnostic marker, suppresses tumor growth via inducing autophagy as key cadres in ovarian cancer
Authors: Li Qian , Guo Peng , Gu Jing , Sun Na , Deng Yating , Wang Fei , Ding Jun , Liu Jinyi , Han Fei
Published: September 2023

Background
Discovering and identifying novel diagnostic markers and effective therapeutic targets for ovarian cancer is urgently required. SOX30 has recently been demonstrated to suppress tumor metastasis and represent prognostic and chemotherapeutic marker for advanced-stage ovarian cancer. We aim to investigate the expression pattern, expression regulation, and diagnostic value of SOX30, as well as determining the role of SOX30 on tumor growth and the corresponding mechanism in ovarian cancer.
Methods
Using The Cancer Genome Atlas database, the association between the expression levels of SOX30 with copy number variation and DNA methylation in ovarian cancer were comprehensively analyzed. The function of SOX30 in tumor growth was studied by MTS assay, colony formation assay, rescue assay, and xenograft models. Flow cytometry, western blotting, and confocal microscopy were used to investigate the role of SOX30 on apoptosis and autophagy. Genes co-expressed with SOX30 were analyzed, and functional enrichment analysis was performed.
Results
SOX30 was frequently overexpressed which was closely associated with its copy number amplification, and the aberrant expression of SOX30 could clearly discriminate tumor from normal tissues very well in ovarian cancer. Functionally, SOX30 led to significant inhibition of cancer cell proliferation in vitro, and tumor growth in vivo with induction of slight cell apoptosis but apparent cell autophagy in ovarian cancer. The inhibition of SOX30 on cancer cell proliferation is dependent on regulation of autophagy. At the molecular level, SOX30 could regulate biological processes and signaling pathway of autophagy rather than of apoptosis in ovarian cancer. Moreover, SOX30 was indeed positively correlated with various autophagic key genes in ovarian cancer.
Conclusions
The findings provide a new diagnostic marker and promising therapeutic target, and highlight unappreciated roles of SOX30 on cancer cell proliferation and tumor growth mainly through an autophagic mechanism in ovarian cancer.
Catastrophic health expenditure and health-related quality of life among older adults in Shandong, China: The moderation effect of daily care by adult children
Authors: Li Jiayan , Gao Tingting , Zhao Dan , Chai Shujun , Luo Jingjing , Wang Xuehong , Wang Xueqing , Sun Jingjie , Li Peilong , Zhou Chengchao
Published: September 2023

Background: Catastrophic health expenditure (CHE) has a considerable impact on older people in later life, but little is known about the relationship between catastrophic health expenditure and health-related quality of life (HRQOL). The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between catastrophic health expenditure and health-related quality of life in older people, and to explore whether the daily care provided by adult children is a moderator in this relationship.
Methods: Data from the sixth National Health Services Survey in Shandong Province, China. The sample consisted of 8599 elderly people (age ≥ 60 years; 51.7% of female). Health-related quality of life was measured by the health utility value of EQ-5D-3L. Interaction effects were analyzed using Tobit regression models and marginal effects analysis.
Results: The catastrophic health expenditure prevalence was 60.5% among older people in Shandong, China. catastrophic health expenditure was significantly associated with lower health-related quality of life (β= - 0.142, P<0.001). We found that adult children providing daily care services to their parents mitigated the effect of catastrophic health expenditure on health-related quality of life among older people (β= 0.027, P=0.040).
Conclusions: Our findings suggested that catastrophic health expenditure was associated with health-related quality of life and the caring role of older adult children moderated this relationship. Reducing the damage caused by catastrophic health expenditure helps to improve health-related quality of life in older people. Adult children should increase intergenerational contact, provide timely financial and emotional support to reduce the negative impact of catastrophic health expenditure on health-related quality of life.
Effect of some parameters on keratin extracted from waste chicken feathers
Authors: Meko Ogochukwu Augustina , Eraga Sylvester Okhuelegbe , Arhewoh Matthew Ikhuoria
Published: September 2023

The knowledge on the extraction parameters is an important aspect for researchers in converting feathers waste to resourceful keratin. This work aims at investigating the effect of extraction parameters on the yield of keratin obtained from waste chicken feathers as well as carrying out some characterization of the extracted keratin. Keratin was extracted using the alkaline hydrolysis method. Optimum extraction was determined under different experimental conditions, viz: concentration of sodium hydroxide, retention time, and temperature. Their percentage yields were calculated and the keratin extracted was subjected to morphological (Scanning Electron Microscopy), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), and thermal characterization (Differential scanning calorimetry). A yield of 62% keratin was obtained from 3 M NaOH solution at 37°C and 24 h reaction time. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) reveals keratin powder topography with an unsmooth surface and a mean particle size in diameter of 100 µm. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy revealed the presence of amides functional groups at 1,600 to 1,200 cm-1 wave number. The DSC analysis showed a melting point of 110oC. The extraction method is easy, economical and environmentally friendly. Extraction conditions significantly impact the quality and quantity of keratin extracted.
Breakthrough infection after SARS-CoV-2 vaccines in patients with hemoglobinopathies and blood-transfusion management: a single Center experience
Authors: Duminuco Andrea , Bulla Anna , Rosso Rosamaria , Romeo Marina , Cambria Daniela , Spina Enrico La , Ximenes Benedetta , Giallongo Cesarina , Tibullo Daniele , Romano Alessandra , Raimondo Francesco Di , Cerchione Claudio , Palumbo Giuseppe A.
Published: September 2023

Purpose
Immune system impairment is frequently reported in patients affected by hemoglobinopathies due to various mechanisms, including iron accumulation, antigenic stimulation due to numerous transfusions, chronic hemolysis, and a hyperinflammatory state. The antigenic immune response after a vaccine could be ineffective.
Methods
We evaluated the anti-spike IgG production after 2 doses of vaccine for SARS-CoV-2 in patients affected by hemoglobinopathies, reporting the risk of breakthrough infections, monitoring the outcome and the risk of severe disease or complications related to the basal hematological disease.
Results
All 114 enrolled patients developed adequate antibody production, with a median value of serum anti-S IgG of 2184.4 BAU/mL. The amount of antibody was unrelated to any other clinical characteristics evaluated, including transfusion dependence, age, gender, disease type, ferritin, blood count, spleen status, and therapy with hydroxyurea or iron chelators (p > 0.05). Moreover, 47 (41.2%) patients developed breakthrough SARS-CoV-2 infection during the follow-up, all with a mildly symptomatic course, without requiring hospitalization or experiencing a significative drop in hemoglobin values, allowing for a slight delay in their transfusion regimen.
Conclusion
Vaccination has been an effective and safe tool in this category of patients, preventing severe complications. Watchful waiting in the transfusion strategy can be safely ensured, guaranteeing better management of transfusion components.
Invasion of Pieris mannii butterflies across Central Europe facilitated by urbanization
Authors: RUFFENER Simona C. , MATTHEY-DE-L’ENDROIT Nathalie , BERNER Daniel
Published: September 2023

Urbanization progresses world-wide and the frequency of biological invasions increases. Understanding to what extent urban environments facilitate biological invasions and how this affects ecosystems within and outside urbanized areas thus becomes crucial. We here examine the role of urban environments in the invasion of the butterfly Pieris mannii that expanded across Central Europe within the last two decades. Using standardized butterfly captures at paired urban and (semi)natural field sites within the invaded range in Switzerland, we demonstrate that P. mannii is strongly associated with cities and towns. At least at some urban localities, this species is now the most common butterfly, and abundances tend to be particularly high where urban areas are large. Urbanization has thus clearly promoted the species’ rapid invasion because this butterfly is pre-adapted to non-native host plants common in urban environments, and perhaps also to the physical structure of urban habitats. Studying phenology over an entire season, we further infer that P. mannii has up to six generations per year, which may allow the species to adjust its life cycle to changing season length during northward expansion. Elucidating the origin of the range-expansive population and investigating potential ecological consequences of the invasion are exciting next steps to understanding this butterfly invasion.
Stigmasterol and barasertib target cuproptosis-related prognostic model for the synergistic treatment of breast cancer.
Authors: wang Yongqin wang , Ma Yuxiao , Tan Junyi
Published: September 2023

Background
Breast cancer (BRCA) has a high incidence and a poor prognosis. Cuproptosis is a crucial regulator of carcinogenesis and tumor progression. However, it has not been reported how cuproptosis in BRCA patients is treated using Chinese and Western medicines.
Methods
This study investigated how cuproptosis is used to diagnose and treat BRCA. A cuproptosis prognostic model was constructed using a bioinformatics approach. We used LASSO to establish a prognostic model associated with cuproptosis, and demonstrated the reliability of the model with survival analysis.
Results
CIBERSORT analysis showed that the prognostic model was associated with immune infiltration. An interesting finding from the CellMiner database analysis revealed a high correlation between the risk score and Barasertib. According to network pharmacology and molecular docking analysis, stigmasterol, an active ingredient of Curcuma longa L., may target the gene ADAM9 in the prognostic model. The combination of drugs confirmed that stigmasterol and barasertib had a significant synergistic effect on BRCA cells.
Conclusion
Our study provides a potential strategy for treating cuproptosis in combination with Chinese and Western medicines for BRCA.