bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
SUSTENTABILIDADE E DESENVOLVIMENTO SUSTENTÁVEL: UMA VISÃO CONTEMPORÂNEA
Authors: Carvalho Gláucia Oliveira
Published: July 2019

A sustentabilidade e o desenvolvimento sustentável são termos que estão entrelaçados, ou seja, envolvidos com propósitos semelhantes, uma vez que a sustentabilidade é o objetivo do desenvolvimento sustentável. Nesta perspectiva, esse trabalho tem como objetivo entender o processo de desenvolvimento sustentável, bem como a sustentabilidade como um todo. Para isso, a metodologia aplicada foi uma pesquisa bibliográfica em que foi necessário realizar um levantamento bibliográfico de livros e artigos científicos e organizados a partir do tema que cada um trazia e das palavras-chaves que apresentavam. Com isso, obteve-se alguns resultados, ao perceber que o desenvolvimento sustentável pode corresponder à igualdade social em todos seus aspectos assim como a utilização consciente de recursos naturais; há também a sustentabilidade que condiz com aos direitos humanos e justiça social e a sustentação dos ecossistemas. Desta maneira, pôde concluir que tanto o desenvolvimento sustentável, como a sustentabilidade são aspectos que vão além da ideia ecológica e ambiental, faz parte também outras vertentes como o meio social e seus aspectos econômicos, culturais, políticos e históricos.
ANÁLISE DA GESTÃO DE RESÍDUOS MEDICAMENTOSOS EM FARMÁCIAS DO MUNICÍPIO DE SANTARÉM-PA
Authors: Costa de Oliveira Queiroz de Souza Beatriz , Barbosa Panassollo Danyelle , Calvo Palmeira Danielle , Nobre Campos Milena Miria , Santos De Sousa Mirian , Caldeira Magalhães Rafael
Published: July 2019

O presente trabalho foi realizado em 14 farmácias do centro do município de Santarém-PA, e objetivou analisar o manejo e destinação final dos resíduos medicamentosos, através de pesquisas bibliográficas e estudos de campo, com a coleta de dados através de entrevistas semiestruturadas. Os resultados demonstraram-se na maioria positivos, com a preocupação dos funcionários e proprietários dos estabelecimentos de darem uma gestão adequada a estes resíduos, embora esta ainda não se apresente totalmente adequada em alguns destes locais, e muitos deles não possuírem iniciativas de logística reversa e coleta de medicamentos da população. Foram encontradas duas iniciativas de recolhimento de medicamentos vencidos e/ou inutilizados atuantes no município, servindo como alternativa para o descarte inadequado destes, e assim, contribuindo para que não haja uma impactação tão grande na saúde pública e no meio ambiente, embora ainda haja a falta de conscientização e sensibilização da própria população sobre o correto descarte de medicamentos.
IMPLEMENTAÇÃO DO PLANO DE GERENCIAMENTO DE RESÍDUOS SÓLIDOS EM CENTRO DE FORMAÇÃO PROFISSIONAL – NOTA TÉCNICA
Authors: Dessbesell Gabriele Caroline , Berticelli Ritielli
Published: July 2019

Existe uma preocupação em relação a geração dos resíduos sólidos no Brasil devido ao impacto direto ou indireto que esses ocasionam no meio ambiente e na sociedade. Conforme estabelece a Política Nacional de Resíduos Sólidos, todo empreendimento que possui geração de resíduos perigosos e não perigosos deve ter um plano de gerenciamento de resíduos sólidos. O estudo proposto justifica-se pela necessidade da implantação do plano de gerenciamento no sistema existente e de acordo com realidade de um Centro de Formação Profissional (CFP), promovendo assim uma nota técnica que visou auxiliar os gestores e colaboradores a conhecer melhor o seu funcionamento e os seus resíduos. Todos os dados e informações obtidas foram através de um diagnóstico realizando diretamente no CFP, sendo inicialmente realizada uma caracterização do empreendimento, com quantificação e classificação dos resíduos gerados e posteriormente, foram propostas diretrizes através das fragilidades encontradas na implantação do PGRS. Os resultados demonstraram que o empreendimento precisa ter o plano de gerenciamento de resíduos sólidos (PGRS) implementado corretamente para diminuir a sua geração de resíduos sólidos, a coleta, acondicionamento, armazenamento e destinação final dos mesmos, para que assim sejam atingindas as metas propostas. Portanto, com adoção das diretrizes propostas no presente estudo é possível tornar o Centro de Formação Profissional como modelo de gerenciamento para as demais instituições.
FRAGILIDADE AMBIENTAL NO PARQUE ECOLÓGICO EZEQUIAS HERINGER, BRASILIA - DF
Authors: Cessa Raphael Maia Aveiro , Caminati Francisco Antunes
Published: July 2019

Este estudo objetivou identificar e classificar áreas de maior fragilidade ambiental no parque ecológico Ezechias Heringer (PEEH) em Brasília - DF por meio do uso de mapas contendo os temas declividade e tipo de cobertura do solo. Foram associados “pesos” a esses temas para cálculo das suas médias aritméticas. A interpretação e discussão dos resultados deu-se pela associação dos pesos aos níveis de fragilidade ambiental nas áreas estudadas, sendo: muito fraca (1), fraca (2), média (3), forte (4) e muito forte (5). Os níveis de fragilidade ambinetal nas áreas estudadas do PEEH foram no mínimo forte, com média de pesos maior que 4,0, tendo como sugestão para redução da fragilidade ambiental a recomposição de espécies vegetais nativas do bioma Cerrado contribuindo para proteção e conservação do solo e das águas. A fragilidade ambiental emergente, representada pelo tipo de vegetação, contribui mais, em geral, para elevação da fragiliade ambiental nas áreas estudadas do PEEH em comparação à fragilidade ambiental potencial representada pela declividade. Nas áreas com maior fragilidade ambiental do PEEH, principalmente em locais de solo descoberto, com ocorrência de processos erosivos em grau avançado, é necessária atenção e investimento imediato em ações recuperativas pelos órgãos de planejamento, especialmente a prefeitura. Os resultados não excluem a possibilidade de haverem outras áreas frágeis ambientalmente no PEHH, ou que outras áreas tornem-se frágeis, uma vez que isso dependerá da ação antrópica continuada.
ANÁLISE DA IMPLANTAÇÃO DO PROCESSO DE GESTÃO DE RESÍDUOS SÓLIDOS URBANOS EM PAÇO DO LUMIAR (MA) TENDO COMO REFERENCIAL A POLÍTICA NACIONAL DE RESÍDUOS SÓLIDOS DO BRASIL
Authors: Dos Santos Gonçalves Christiane , Pinheiro Paulo Ananias , Cunha Almeida Pinheiro Nathalia
Published: July 2019

A gestão e manejo inapropriados de resíduos sólidos urbanos são muito comuns no Brasil. Esta é uma das dificuldades que o município de Paço do Lumiar, Maranhão, tem enfrentado atualmente. Em virtude disso, fez-se uma pesquisa bibliográfica e documental aliada a pesquisas de campo, objetivando compreender o andamento da Política Nacional de Resíduos Sólidos no Brasil (PNRS), Lei Federal nº 12.305 de 2010, em Paço do Lumiar nos últimos 7 anos. Neste contexto, verificou-se que o município, mesmo utilizando o sistema de gestão de resíduos sólidos convencional, possui dificuldade referente ao seu manejo e a falta de plano de gestão em conformidade com a PNRS contribui para isso. Assim, Paço do Lumiar tem dificuldade em elaborar um planejamento coerente com a realidade local e que contemple os moldes da sustentabilidade previstos na PNRS, levando-se em consideração as suas diversas dimensões. No entanto, o manejo no município passou por um processo de mudanças em decorrência das atribuições da PNRS.
Práticas De Gestão Ambiental Em Instituições De Ensino Superior: O Caso Da Universidade Federal Rural Da Amazônia, Campus Belém
Authors: Pinheiro Cézar Di Paula Da Silva , Santos Douglas Silva Dos , Torres Leandro Marques , Rodrigues Paulo Rick Soares
Published: July 2019

Além de atividades acadêmicas que propiciem a formação do pensamento crítico, é necessário que as universidades trabalhem em torno de um sistema integrado de gestão ambiental, minimizando impactos, ao mesmo tempo em que contribuem com a conscientização da sociedade. Assim, a pesquisa tem por objetivo identificar as práticas de gestão ambiental adotadas pela Universidade Federal Rural Da Amazônia – UFRA, campus Belém, além de propor ações ainda não desenvolvidas de acordo com as vertentes do desenvolvimento sustentável. A metodologia foi desenvolvida em três etapas. A princípio, realizou-se um levantamento bibliográfico, tratando a respeito do tema proposto. Em seguida, foram realizadas visitas in loco, a fim de registrar diagnósticos sobre as práticas ambientais já realizadas pela universidade, onde foram feitos diversos registros fotográficos e descritivos que possibilitaram o realizamento do estudo. E ao final, com os resultados analisados, foram apresentadas alternativas de ações sustentáveis ainda não implementadas na instituição. Após a análise dos resultados obtidos a respeito das práticas de gestão ambiental realizadas, ficou claro que há uma crescente preocupação da instituição em agregar um valor ambiental em suas atividades, observou-se que a mesma já realiza algumas ações sustentáveis, tais como: promoção da educação ambiental; coleta seletiva de resíduos sólidos recicláveis; lâmpadas e equipamentos de baixo consumo de energia; preservação e manutenção de áreas verdes; ventilação e iluminação natural; acesso para deficientes fisicos e pessoas com dificuldade de locomoção; presença de horta e mudários; além da organização de eventos periódicos e a utilização dos meios de comunicação da universidade para campanhas em prol do meio ambiente.
PENGARUH PAY SATISFACTION SISTEM REMUNERASI DAN MOTIVASI TERHADAP KINERJA PEGAWAI
Authors: Azizah Linda Khilyatul , Bachri Ahmad Alim , Adenan Adenan
Published: July 2019

Sebuah organisasi harus menyadari bahwa keseimbangan antara kontribusi karyawan terhadap perusahaan dengan kontribusi perusahaan terhadap karyawan tersebut haruslah sepadan. Remunerasi mempunyai pengertian berupa "sesuatu" yang diterima pegawai sebagai imbalan dari kontribusi yang telah diberikannya kepada perusahaannya. Imbalan dapat memotivasi perbaikan kinerja individu. Kesuksesan suatu organisasi berkaitan langsung dengan kinerja/performance, produktivitas, dan komitmen masing-masing pekerjanya. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk Mengetahui pengaruh pay satisfaction sistem remunerasi dan motivasi terhadap kinerja pegawai RSUD brigadier Jenderal Haji Hasan Basry Kandangan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain penelitian analitik korelasional melalui pendekatan cross sectional.  Populasi penelitian adalah seluruh pegawai RSUD Brig. Jend. H. Hasan Basry. Teknik pengambilan sampel yang digunakan adalah purposive sampling. Variabel penelitian adalah pay satisfaction sistem remunerasi dan motivasi sebagai variabel bebas dan kinerja pegawai RSUD Brig. Jend. H. Hasan Basry sebagai variabel terikat.. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan berupa kuesioner. Hasil analisa regresi berganda memperoleh hasil  fhitung = 20.398 dengan tsign = 0.000. Terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan antara pay satisfaction sistem remunerasi dan motivasi terhadap kinerja pegawai RSUD Brigadir Jenderal Haji Hasan Basry Kandangan.
HUBUNGAN ANTARA UMUR DAN INDEKS BEBAN KERJA DENGAN KELELAHAN PADA PEKERJA DI PT. KARIAS TABING KENCANA
Authors: Budiman Arief , Husaini Husaini , Arifin Syamsul
Published: July 2019

PT. Karias Tabing Kencana merupakan salah satu perusahaan karet di Kalimantan Selatan. Kecelakaan kerja bisa menurunkan produktivitas perusahaan. Salah satu faktor yang menyebabkan kecelakaan dan menurunnya produktivitas adalah kelelahan pada pekerja. Oleh sebab itu perlu dilakukan penelitian tentang faktor – faktor yang menyebabkan kelelahan yaitu umur dan beban kerja agar angka kecelakaan kerja dapat diturunkan dan meningkatkan produktivitas perusahaan. Tujuan Penelitian Untuk mengetahui hubungan umur dan kelelahan, mengetahui hubungan beban kerja dengan kelelahan dan hubungan umur dan beban kerja secara simultan dengan kelelahan pada pekerja di PT. Karias Tabing Kencana. Penelitian menggunakan kuantitatif dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Pengambilan sampel dengan metode purposive sampling dan didapat sebanyak 41 pekerja. Analisa bivariat dan multivariate. Hasil Penelitian Terdapat hubungan antara umur dengan kelelahan dengan nilai p = 0,0001 .Terdapat hubungan antara beban dengan kelelahan dengan nilai p = 0,0001, Tidak ada hubungan antara umur dan beban kerja secara bersama sama dengan kelelahan. Kesimpulan peneltian ada hubungan umur dengan kelelahan , Ada hubungan beban dengan kelelahan, dan tidak ada hubungan umur dan beban (secara bersama – sama) dengan kelelahan.
FILTRASI CAMPURAN PASIR DAN AMPAS TAHU KERING SEBAGAI ADSORBEN LOGAM BESI DAN MANGAN PADA AIR GAMBUT
Authors: Pratiwi Nadia Eka , Husaini Husaini , Suhartono Eko
Published: July 2019

Potensi air gambut di Kalimantan sebagai air  baku yang berlimpah tidak secara langsung dapat digunakan untuk keperluan sehari-hari seperti air minum, mandi dan mencuci. Kecamatan Gambut dan Kabupaten Hulu Sungai Selatan memiliki kualitas air gambut yang ekstrim yaitu derajat keasaman pH antara 3,7 – 4,3, kandungan zat organik tinggi dengan nilai KMnO4 antara 38-280 mg/l, serta kadar logam terlarut  Fe antara 0,45-5,96 mg/l. Kandungan logam besi dan mangan terlarut yang tinggi dapat mempengaruhi kehidupan biota, sumber daya dan kenyamanan ekosistem perairan. Tujuan Penelitian ini untuk menganalisis kemampuan rancang media penyaring campuran pasir dan ampas tahu kering dalam berbagai variasi berat dan waktu kontak untuk menurunkan kadar logam besi dan mangan pada air gambut. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode quasi eksperimental ( tidak dilakukan randomisasi) dengan post test group design tanpa kelompok kontrol. Media filter terdiri atas pasir dan ampas tahu kering dengan variabel bebasnya yaitu waktu kontak dan berat penjerap. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji Anova dua arah, kemudian dilanjutkan dengan uji Post Hoc. Uji Anova dua arah menunjukkan hubungan yang signifikan dan terdapat interaksi pada variabel waktu kontak dan berat penjerap dalam menurunkan kadar besi dan logam di dalam air gambut (p<0,05). Kesimpulan penelitian ini yaitu terdapat hubungan signifikan dalam menurunkan kadar besi dan mangan dilihat dari waktu kontak dan berat penjerap.
FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI PERILAKU TERHADAP KEPATUHAN PENGGUNAAN ALAT PELINDUNG DIRI (APD) UNTUK PENCEGAHAN PENYAKIT AKIBAT KERJA
Authors: Sudarmo Sudarmo , Helmi Zairin Noor , Marlinae Lenie
Published: July 2019

Rumah Sakit merupakan tempat kerja serta tempat berkumpulnya orang-orang sehat (petugas dan pengunjung) dan orang- orang sakit (pasien) sehingga rumah sakit merupakan tempat kerja yang mempunyai risiko tinggi terhadap penyakit akibat kerja maupun penyakit akibat kecelakaan kerja. Resiko kontak dengan agen penyakit menular, dengan darah dan cairan tubuh maupun tertusuk jarum, instrumen tajam yang dapat berperan sebagai tranmisi berbagai penyakit, seperti hepatitis B, HIV/AIDS, perawat merupakan petugas kesehatan terbanyak dengan komposisi hampir 60% dari seluruh petugas kesehatan di rumah sakit dan salah satu profesi yang sering terkena penyakit akibat kerja karena perawat tenaga kesehatan yang 24 jam berada di samping dan bersentuhan dengan pasien, terlebih perawat bedah yang bekerja di kamar operasi yang banyak melakukan tindakan dengan memakai instrumen tajam, suasana kerja dengan tekanan stres yang tinggi, kelelahan yang berpotensi menyebabkan kecelakaan kerja. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui dan menganalisa factor-faktor perilaku terhadap kepatuhan penggunaan alat pelindung diri (APD) pada perawat bedah di Instalasi Bedah Sentral RSUD Ulin Banjarmasin. Penelitian ini mengunakan metode observasional analitik dengan rancangan cross sectional. Populasi penelitian ini, yaitu seluruh perawat bedah di IBS RSUD Ulin Banjarmasin, Sedangkan pengambilan sampel berdasarkan metode Simple Ramdom Sampling, menggunakan rumus cross sectional study dengan jumlah sampel 81 orang. Data dianalisa  menggunakan uji regresi logistik dengan  model backward stepwise conditional. Hasil uji analisa regresi logistik, yang paling berpengaruh terhadap variabel kepatuhan adalah variabel pengawasan dengan nilai koefisien regresi sebesar 0,700  (70,0%) dan variabel ketersediaan APD dengan nilai kofisien regresi sebesar 0,678 (67,8%). Berdasarkan uji simultan adalah 84,1%, sangat kuat bahwa kepatuhan perawat bedah benar-benar nyata/signifikan dipengaruhi faktor perilaku yang menjadi variabel dalam penelitian ini yaitu : sikap, lama kerja, pengawasan, ketersediaan APD, teman sejawat, persepsi dan hanya 15,9% saja faktor lain di luar variabel-variabel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yang bisa mempengaruhi kepatuhan perawat dalam menggunakan APD di IBS RSUD Ulin Banjarmasin.Kesimpulan penelitian ini bahwa terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan pengawasan perawat dan ketersediaan APD terhadap kepatuhan penggunaan APD di IBS RSUD Ulin Banjarmasin. Oleh karena itu pengawasan dan ketersediaan APD di IBS RSUD Ulin  perlu dipertahankan  dan ditingkatkan lagi sehingga kepatuhan penggunaan APD ini dapat menjadi budaya dalam bekerja khususnya di kamar operasi, hal ini dapat mencegah penyakit akibat kerja (PAK) dan Kecelakaan Akibat Kerja (KAK).
HUBUNGAN PENGETAHUAN, SIKAP, STATUS EKONOMI DAN SOSIAL BUDAYA TERHADAP STATUS GIZI BATITA TAHUN 2016
Authors: Hastuti Eny , Norazizah Rizka
Published: July 2019

Angka kematian balita di negara-negara berkembang khususnya Indonesia masih cukup tinggi. Salah satu penyebab yang menonjol diantaranya karena keadaan gizi yang kurang baik atau bahkan buruk. Di Puskesmas Rawat Inap Cempaka pada tahun 2015 sebanyak 33 batita dengan status gizi dibawah garis merah dan mengalami peningkatan pada tahun 2016 sebanyak 46 batita, dengan peningkatan persentase 28,8%. Untuk mengetahui hubungan pengetahuan, sikap ibu, status ekonomi dan sosial budaya terhadap status gizi batita di di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Rawat Inap Cempaka periode februari-juli tahun 2016. Penelitian menggunakan metode analitik dengan populasi berjumlah 228 orang yang dilaksanakan pada bulan februari sampai dengan juli 2016, dengan sampel adalah 70 orang yang ada di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Rawat Inap Cempaka. Pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner, dan pengambilan sampel secara random sampling dan dengan menggunakan uji statistik Chi Square. Berdasarkan hasil uji statistik dengan menggunakan Chi Square dengan α = 0,05, didapat tingkat pengetahuan dengan nilai nilai p = 0,004. Sikap dengan kejadian status gizi pada batita didapatkan nilai p = 0,003, dengan nilai p < α maka hipotesis diterima artinya ada hubungan antara sikap dengan kejadian status gizi pada batita, status ekonomi dengan status gizi batita didapatkan nilai p = 0,004, sedangkan status ekonomi dengan status gizi batita didapatkan nilai p = 0,025, dengan nilai p < α (0,05) yang artinya semua variabel penelitian memiliki hubungan yang bermakna dengan status gizi batita. Penelitian ini menunjukan bahawa ada hubungan yang bermakna antara pengetahuan, sikap, status ekonomi dan sosial budaya terhadap kejadian status gizi pada batita.
ANALISIS PENGARUH PENGAWASAN, PENGETAHUAN DAN KETERSEDIAAN TERHADAP KEPATUHAN PEMAKAIAN ALAT PELINDUNG DIRI
Authors: Japeri Japeri , Helmi Zairin Noor , Marlinae Lenie
Published: July 2019

Standar oleh Badan Pengawasan Tenaga Nuklir untuk APD yang harus digunakan pada saat pemeriksaan harus mengandung bahan Pb di antaranya berupa apron, kaca mata, perisai gonad, perisai tiroid, dan sarung tangan. petugas radiografer wajib mematuhi aturan untuk memakai alat perlindungan diri (APD). Aspek yang mempengaruhi pemakaian alat pelindung diri di antaranya pengawasan dan peringatan dari tim K3 sangat berpengaruh terhadap kedisiplinan pemakaian APD. Pengetahuan seseorang mempengaruhi cara berpikirnya dalam menghadapi pekerjaannya, termasuk cara menghindari kecelakaan saat bekerja dan ada pengaruh ketersediaan mengenai jumlah APD yang disediakan terhadap kepatuhan pemakaian APD. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis faktorfaktor yang berpengaruh terhadap kepatuhan pemakaian alat pelindung diri pada petugas radiologi rumah sakit di Banjarmasin. Jenis penelitian ini bersifat observasional analitik dengan metode cross sectional. Subjek penelitian adalah petugas radiologi yang bekerja di empat rumah sakit berbeda di Banjarmasin terdiri dari RSUD Ulin Banjarmasin sebanyak 17 petugas, RSUD Dr. H. Moch Anshari Saleh sebanyak 11 Petugas, RS Sari Mulia sebanyak 5 petugas dan RS Islam sebanyak 4 petugas. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji statistik Regresi Logistik Berganda. Uji Fisher exact test menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh antara pengawasan dengan kepatuhan, nilai p = 0,013, tidak ada pengaruh antara pengetahuan dengan kepatuhan pemakaian alat pelindung diri pada petugas radiologi nilai p = 0,140. tidak terdapat pengaruh yang bermakna antara ketersediaan dengan kepatuhan pemakaian alat pelindung diri dalam bekerja di instalasi radiologi dengan nilai P value 0,160. Pada analisis multivariat menggunakan uji Regresi Logistik Ganda dengan metode Enter, menunjukkan bahwa variabel pengawasan merupakan variabel yang paling berpengaruh terhadap kepatuhan (p= 0,019). Nilai Odd ratio menunjukkan angka 15,429 yang berarti petugas radiologi yang mendapat pengawasan rendah maka 15,43 kali akan tidak patuh memakai APD, dibandingkan petugas radiologi yang mendapatkan pengawasan tinggi. Data penelitian juga memperlihatkan 29 responden yang patuh terhadap APD, 22 orang (74,1%) bekerja dengan pengawasan tinggi. Dari hasil tersebut dapat disimpulkan faktor yang paling berpengaruh adalah pengawasan dengan nilai Nilai Odd ratio (OR) menunjukkan angka 14,571 yang berarti petugas radiologi yang mendapat pengawasan rendah maka 14,57 kali akan tidak patuh memakai APD, dibandingkan petugas radiologi yang mendapatkan pengawasan tinggi.
ANALISIS TINGKAT KESEGARAN JASMANI PESERTA DIDIK LINGKUNGAN LAHAN BASAH PADA SEKOLAH DASAR NEGERI BUNIPAH 2 DI KECAMATAN ALUH-ALUH
Authors: Warni Herita , Arifin Syamsul , Sulaiman Sulaiman
Published: July 2019

Abstrak Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui tingkat kesegaran jasmani peserta didik Lingkungan Lahan Basah Pada Sekolah Dasar Negeri Bunipah 2 di Kecamatan Aluh-aluh dengan rentang usia 10-12 tahun. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kombinasi (mixed method) dengan teknik pengambilan data tes pengukuran, wawancara, dan obeservasi. Populasi dalam  penelitian ini adalah peserta didik Lingkungan Lahan Basah  Pada Sekolah Dasar Negeri Bunipah 2 di Kecamatan Aluh-aluh Kabupaten Banjar  tahun  ajaran  2018/2019 yang berjumlah 87 orang peserta didik, Sampel dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 29 orang  peserta didik dengan rentang usia 10-12 tahun, yang terdiri dari 13 orang putra dan 16 orang putri. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah dengan membandingkan frekuensi tingkat kesegaran jasmani dengan keseluruhan sampel. Kesimpulan penelitian adalah tingkat kesegaran jasmani peserta didik Lingkungan Lahan Basah Pada Sekolah Dasar Negeri Bunipah 2 di Kecamatan Aluh-aluh dengan rentang usia 10-12 tahun berada pada kategori kurang. Kata Kunci : Analisis, Kesegaran Jasmani, peserta didik sekolah dasar
ANALISIS PEMBELAJARAN KECEPATAN BERLARI DALAM PENDIDIKAN JASMANI OLAHRAGA KESEHATAN (PJOK) SEKOLAH DASAR DI KABUPATEN BANJAR
Authors: Mandono Dwi , Irianto Tri
Published: July 2019

AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui penyebab dari kecepatan berlari peserta didik kelas VI di kabupaten banjar berada dalam klasifikasi kurang atau lambat. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan teknik pengambilan data peneliti sebagai kunci utama, penggunaan dokumen dan wawancara. Subjek pada penelitian ini adalah guru pendidikan jasmani olahraga kesehatan SDN aluh aluh besar 2, SDN sungai rangas dan SDN sungai tabuk kota 2atau abumbun jaya berjumlah 3 orang.  Data yang diperoleh dalam penelitian ini berupa RPP pendidikan jasmani olahraga kesehatan kelas VI semester 1 dan hasil wawancara. Dari hasil menganalisis RPP penjaskes kelas VI semester 1 dan wawancara didapatkan hasil penelitian penyebab kecepatan berlari peserta didik kelas VI berada dalam klasifikasi kurang/lambat yaitu pembelajaran teknik berlari tidak diajarkan dan walaupun diajarkan hanya sebatas penyampaian, Kurang tersedianya halaman/lapangan yang luas disekolah tersebut, kurangnya kreatifitas seorang guru dalam menciptakan sebuah materi pembelajaran, kurangnya kreatifitas guru dalam memanfaatkan lingkungan sekitar, kurangnya perhatian kepala sekolah terhadap mata pelajaran pendidikan jasmani olahraga kesehatan sehingga tidak terlalu diutamakan apa yang menjadi kebutuhan didalam pembelajaran pendidikan jasmani olahraga kesehatan. Kata kunci: Pendidikan Jasmani Olahraga Kesehatan, Kurikulum 2006, Pembelajaran Kecepatan Berlari, Sekolah Dasar Kabupaten Banjar
UPAYA MENINGKATKAN KETERAMPILAN PASSING ATAS BOLA VOLI DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN PERMAINAN 3 ON 3 PADA KELAS VII DI SMP NEGERI 21 KOTA BENGKULU
Authors: Juniardi Arifto , Redno Rio
Published: July 2019

AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peningkatan keterampilan passing atas pada permainan bola voli dengan menggunakan permainan 3 on 3. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan penelitian tindakan kelas (classroom action research). Dalam penerapan permainnanya memfokuskan peneliti dalam bentuk percobaan-percobaan untuk mengetahui hasil kegiatan yang dilakukan. Disamping itu permainan yang dilaksanakan secara sistematis, logis dan teliti dalam melakukannya terhadap kondisi subjek penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas VII. 4 SMP Negeri 21 Kota Bengkulu yang berjumlah 27 orang. Peneliti menggunakan teknik pengumpulan data dengan cara mengumpulkan observasi dan tes keterampilan. Adapun teknik yang digunakan penulis untuk menguji kesesuaian tes dengan kriteria menggunakan hitungan keberhasilan belajar rata-rata kelas. Setelah penelitian selesai dilaksanakan maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa dari hasil tes awal hingga tes siklus dua menunjukan peningkatan, dimana pada tes awal tingkat ketuntasan belajar siswa secara keseluruhan sebesar 31,25% pada tindakan siklus satu meningkat menjadi 63,76% dan pada siklus dua meningkat menjadi 81,03% dengan artian secara keseluruhan nilai siswa sudah mencapai KKM. Kata kunci : passing atas bola voli, perminan 3 on 3
MENINGKATKAN KETERAMPILAN FOOTWORK ATLIT BULUTANGKIS USIA 6-12 TAHUN DENGAN PENDEKATAN BERMAIN
Authors: Suharto Taufik Hidayat
Published: July 2019

Abstrak Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peningkatan keterampilan footwork atlit bulutangkis usia 6-12 tahun melalui pendekatan bermain. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian tindakan sebanyak dua siklus dengan rancangan kegiatan perencanaan, observasi, tindakan, dan refleksi. Sasaran dalam penelitian ini adalah klub bulutangkis Putra Lebak. Dengan melalui pendekatan bermain dalam latihan footworkdengan pendekatan bermain pada atlit usia 6-12 klub bulutangkis Putra Lebak mempunyai peningkatan keterampilan footwork yang signifikan yaitu persentase pre test 11,0 dan post test 12,64 dengan 1 siklus melalui pendekatan bermain dapat meningkatkan keterampilan footwork maka tindakan yang diberikan memberikan peningkatan hasil tes dengan tingkatan ‘’sedang’’. Simpulan dari penelitian ini adalah metode pembelajaran dengan pendekatan bermain berpengaruh positif dalam meningkatkan keterampilan footwork atlit usia 6-12, yang ditandai dengan peningkatan etrampilan hasil pre test dan post test.Kata Kunci: Pendekatan bermain, Keterampilan, Footwork, Bulutangkis.
Measuring intraspecific variation in the response of clinical isolates of Aspergillus fumigatus to oxidative stress.
Authors: El-Kamand Sam , Ramirez Carl , Halliday Catriona , Chen Sharon C-A. , Morton Charles Oliver
Published: July 2019

Objective

In this study, the survival of clinical isolates of the pathogenic fungus Aspergillus fumigatus against the oxidative stressors, hydrogen peroxide and menadione, and UV light, was examined to see if there was variation between isolates and if the variation was linked to virulence.

Results

Fifteen isolates were tested, five from cases of invasive aspergillosis (IA isolates) and ten from cases where the fungus had colonised a patient (colonising isolates). Exposure to UV light and hydrogen peroxide did not show significant differences between the groups of isolates. Colonising isolates showed a trend for greater survival when treated with hydrogen peroxide, mean survival 18.9%, compared to IA isolates, mean survival 8%. Treatment with 50mM menadione confirmed this trend in colonising isolates with an average conidial survival of 72% compared to 50% in IA isolates. Overall significant sensitivity to 50mM menadione was observed in 1/10 colonising isolates compared to 4/5 IA isolates. Increased sensitivity to oxidative stress in IA isolates may seem counterintuitive but could be utilised as an indicator of pathogenic potential in isolates of the fungus and be used in further studies to unravel the complex interplay between host and pathogen.
Comprehensive genomic analysis of Vibrio cholerae from three outbreaks in Uganda, 2014 - 2016
Authors: Sserwadda Ivan , Aruhomukama Dickson , Mboowa Gerald
Published: July 2019

Objective: This study aimed at providing a comprehensive genomic analysis of whole-genome sequence data obtained from V. cholerae isolates from different outbreaks in Uganda using bioinformatics approaches.
Results :The ten sequenced strains of V. cholerae were found to carry virulence-associated genes MakA, ctxA, ctxB, carA, carB, trpB, clpB, ace, toxR, zot, rtxA, ompW, ompR, gmhA, fur, hlyA, rstR, Type IV secretion system genes, T6SS genes vasA-L, vgrG-2, vgrG-3, vipA/mglA, and vipB/mglB; alsD; alsR; the flagella-mediated cytotoxin gene, makA; Type IV pilus genes tcpA-F, tcpH-J, tcpN, tcpP-T, and icmF/vasK; adherence genes acfA-D, IlpA, and quorum sensing system genes luxS and cqsA. Pathogenicity islands identified were VSP-1, VSP-2, VPI-1, and VPI-2. Antimicrobial resistance genes identified in the strains included strA and B, APH(3'')-I, APH(3'')-Ib, APH(6)-Id, APH(6)-Ic, murA, pare, dfrA1, floR, catB, and catB9. The strains also contained genes of the VC1786 integrative and conjugative element. SNP-based phylogenetic analysis revealed 218 shared SNPs in the strains, of these, 98 were missense. Gene enrichment analysis of the 98 SNPs revealed enrichment in genes that mediate transmembrane-signaling activity, peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase activity, and phosphorelay response regulator activity.
First Report of Predation by a Stink Bug on a Walking-Stick Insect with Reflections on Evolutionary Mechanisms for Camouflage
Authors: Werneck Jane Margaret Costa de Frontin , Torres Lucas , Provance David Willian , Brugnera Ricardo , Grazia Jocelia
Published: July 2019

Objective: The stink bug Supputius cincticeps is a well-known neotropical, generalist predator. However, in contrast to other predators, S. cincticeps also need to feed on plants to complete its life cycle. The aim of this report is to describe predation by S. cincticeps on Cladomorphus phyllinus, a walking-stick insect that feeds on leaves of several fruit trees, and is considered one of the largest walk-stick insect species in the Southern Hemisphere. Also a new hypothesis for camouflage is discussed.
Results: Suputius cincticeps, recently brought from nature, was accidentally introduced into a colony of C. phyllinus, while feeding them with guava leaves. Once the nymph of S. cincticeps detected the C. phyllinus female it displayed immediately feeding behavior. Both adults and nymphs of C. phyllinus were observed to be predated by S. cincticeps. This new predatory interaction offers a novel evolutionary hypothesis for camouflage based on horizontal transfer of genes a process that might be occurring in nature.
Keywords: Phasmatodea, Asopinae, predation, camouflage
Public engagement in the development of the National Health Insurance (NHI): knowledge, awareness and participation of patients from the Internal Medicine Department at Charlotte Maxeke Johannesburg Academic Hospital in the NHI Policy Process
Authors: Tandwa Lizeka Amanda , Dhai Ames
Published: July 2019

Background

Public involvement of citizens in the legislative development process is a constitutional requirement in South Africa. Relevant stakeholders should be engaged in the process. Patient engagement refers to the active involvement of patients in the decision-making processes at multiple levels in the health system. In order for patients to be engaged, they need to be provided with relevant information and an opportunity to be involved in the policy-making process.

Methods

This was cross sectional and quantitative study with descriptive and comparative analyses. 244 patients from the follow-up clinics at the Internal Medicine Department at Charlotte Maxeke Johannesburg Academic Hospital in the Gauteng Province, South Africa. The patients were interviewed through a structured interview, using a questionnaire. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression univariate and multivariate analyses were performed.

Results

The majority (79.51%) of the participants were not aware of the proposed National Health Insurance (NHI) in South Africa even though the initiation of this process commenced in 2011. Of the participants who were aware of the NHI (20.49%), the range of the knowledge questions answered correctly was between 50% and 68%. Most (86%) of the participant who were aware of the NHI had not received an opportunity to be involved in the policy making process of the NHI. Even though most of the participants were not aware of the NHI, the majority of the participants were interested in being involved in NHI policy development process. There were associations observed between sex, race, employment status and education level variables and the odds of awareness on the NHI.

Conclusions

The majority of participants involved in this study were not aware and they were not equipped to be involved in the NHI policy process. Most of the participants were not provided with suitable opportunities for them to be involved in the NHI policy process, despite public involvement in such a process being constitutional requirement.
Prediction of delayed neuro-psychomotor development in infants using brainstem auditory evoked potentials and the Bayley II scales
Authors: Wang Xiaoyan , Carroll Xianming , Wang Hong , Zhang Ping , Nimal Selvaraj Jonathan , Leeper-Woodford Sandra
Published: July 2019

Background: Delayed neuro-psychomotor development in infants tends to be present more often as a result of perinatal issues such as asphyxia, respiratory failure, and prematurity. Brainstem auditory evoked potentials (BAEP) provide an objective analysis of central nervous system function and development in infants. This study proposed to assess the neuro-psychomotor development in infants affected by perinatal conditions by comparing the results of their BAEP with assessments of development including mental development indices (MDI), a form of Bayley Scales of Infant Development.
Methods: The retrospectively selected population included preterm (28-36 weeks gestation; 95 cases) and term infants (≥ 37 weeks gestation; 100 cases) who were born with specific perinatal conditions. The BAEP were recorded in these infants from 1 to 8 months of age, and the MDI were performed in these infants at age 2 years. Chi-square, ANOVA, and student t-tests were used to test significance of BAEP correlations with MDI indices in theses infants. Significance was determined at a p-value ≤ 0.05.
Results: In premature infants (28-32 weeks gestation), 75% had abnormal BAEP, and MDI at age 2 years were moderately low (90.76 ± 4.1); fewer term infants had abnormal BAEP (24.5%), and MDI at age 2 years were moderately higher (98.55 ± 4.6). Preterm infants with abnormal BAEP, and perinatal asphyxia or respiratory failure had low MDI at age 2 years (76.36 ± 3.66 or 80.36 ± 7.66, respectively); 60% fewer term infants with these perinatal conditions had abnormal BAEP, and their MDI were 3-10% higher. Our results show that infants experiencing prematurity, perinatal asphyxia or respiratory failure, may have lower scores of neuro-psychomotor development at age 2, if earlier tests reveal abnormal BAEP assessments in these infants.
Conclusion: Our study found that premature infants exposed at birth to conditions such as asphyxia and respiratory failure, and exhibiting abnormal BAEP in their first year, may be predicted to present with delayed neuro-psychomotor development. We propose that BAEP may be utilized as a potential indicator for neuro-psychomotor development, and suggest that parental education and early intellectual interventions to enrich cognition development in children with abnormal BAEP should be encouraged.
FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH DIALYSIS WITHDRAWAL IN DIALYSIS PATIENTS
Authors: Qazi Hammad
Published: July 2019

Background: Research on the factors associated with dialysis withdrawal in dialysis patients has been limited. Authors have used different definitions for dialysis withdrawal, resulting in inconsistent findings. The objective of this study was to determine the factors associated with dialysis withdrawal in dialysis patients.
Methods: This retrospective study extracted patient information from the electronic renal patient management systems at the Grand River Hospital. A total of 723 patients who initiated renal dialysis therapy (> 30 days of duration) in the renal dialysis program at Grand River Hospital (GRH), Ontario, during the period from 1st January 2012 to 30th September 2017 were consecutively included in the study. Logistic regression was used to determine the factors: age, sex, modality, comorbidities, the cause of primary renal disease, dialysis modality, and duration of dialysis-associated with dialysis withdrawal. Dialysis withdrawal was defined as “patient declined further treatment or voluntary withdrawal from the dialysis program”.
Results: The mean age of the sample was 64.86 ± 14.89 years, and 62.8% (n = 454) were males. The prevalence of dialysis withdrawal was 9.41% (n = 68). The logistic regression model showed that factors associated with dialysis withdrawal were as follows: cardiac disease [Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR)= 1.921; 95% CI= 1.126–3.278], hypertension [AOR = 5.711; 95% CI = 1.322- 24.676], dementia [AOR = 3.042; 95% CI = 1.325–6.983], age [AOR = 1.035; 95% CI = 1.012– 1.058] and duration of dialysis [AOR = 0.999; 95% CI = 0.999–1.00].
Conclusion: In this study we show that age, cardiac disease, hypertension, and dementia are significant predictors related to dialysis withdrawal. The findings might help in identifying patients who are more likely to withdraw from dialysis at the start of dialysis. Future researchers and nephrologists should design and conduct intervention studies focusing on strategies controlling the severity of comorbidities (cardiac disease and hypertension), regular assessment and monitoring of the progression of dementia, and other dialysis program changes to help patients make more informed decisions regarding dialysis withdrawal.
A Novel Risk Model of Mortality and Hospitalization of Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy in Patients with Non-ischemic Cardiomyopathy: the Alpha-score
Authors: Yang Shengwen , Liu Zhimin , Hu Yiran , Jing Ran , Hua Wei
Published: July 2019

Background

Non-ischemic cardiomyopathy (NICM) has been associated with a better LV reverse remodeling response and better clinical outcomes after cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT). The aims of our study were to identify the predictors of mortality and heart failure hospitalization in patients treated with CRT and design a risk score for prognosis.

Methods

A cohort of 422 consecutive NICM patients with CRT was retrospectively enrolled between January 2010 and December 2017. The primary endpoint was all-cause mortality and the secondary endpoint was heart failure hospitalization.

Results

In a multivariate analysis the predictors of all-cause death were left atrial diameter [Hazard ratio (HR): 1.056, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.020-1.093, P=0.002], non-left bundle branch block (HR: 1.793, 95% CI: 1.131-2.844, P =0.013), high sensitivity C-reactive protein (HR: 1.081, 95% CI: 1.029-1.134 P= 0.002), and N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide per 100 pg/ml (HR: 1.018, 95% CI: 1.007-1.030, P =0.002), NYHA IV (HR: 1.018, 95% CI: 1.007-1.030, P =0.002). The Alpha-score (Atrial diameter, non-LBBB, ProBNP, Hs-CRP, NYHA class IV) was derived from each independent risk factor. The novel score had better calibration (Hosmer-Lemeshow test, P >0.05) and discrimination for both all cause-death and heart transplantation [c-statistics: 0.749 (95% CI: 0.694-0.804), P <0.001] or heart failure hospitalization [c-statistics: 0.692 (95% CI: 0.639-0.745), P <0.001].

Conclusion

The Alpha-score may enable better discrimination and accurate prediction of long-term outcomes among NICM patients with CRT.
Retrospective Validation of Prehospital Acute Stroke Severity Scale to Predict Large Vessel Occlusion in Acute Stroke Patients - Single Center study in China
Authors: Si Xiaoli , Fang Yuanjian , Xia Wenqing , Chen Tianwen , Huang Huan , Liu Keqin , Jiang Lin , Yin Congguo
Published: July 2019

Background and Purpose

- To date, identifying emergent large vessel occlusion (ELVO) patients in the prehospital stage is important but still challenging. We aimed to retrospectively validate a simple prehospital stroke scale——Prehospital Acute Stroke Severity (PASS) scale to identify ELVO.

Methods

- We retrospectively evaluated our consecutive cohort of acute ischemic stroke (AIS) who underwent CT angiography (CTA), MR angiography (MRA) or digital subtraction angiography (DSA). PASS scale was calculated based on National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) items retrospectively. The comparison of diagnostic parameters between PASS scale and NIHSS scale were performed.

Results

- Finally, a total of 605 patients were enrolled. ELVO patients with PASS≥2 had a median NIHSS score of 14. The best predictive value of PASS≥2 showed a similar predictive value compared with NIHSS≥9. Cortical symptoms such as consciousness disorder and gaze palsy were more specific indicators for ELVO than motor deficits. Consciousness disorder was more serious in posterior circulation infarct (PIC) while gaze palsy was more common in anterior circulation infarct (AIC).

Conclusions

- PASS scale had both good discrimination and calibration in our retrospective cohort. It could reflect acute stroke severity well and predict ELVO in an effective and simple way. Moreover, cortical symptoms had high specificities to predict ELVO on their own.
Fibroblast Growth factor 23 and α-Klotho protein are associated with adverse clinical outcomes in non dialysis chronic kidney disease stage 1-5 patients
Authors: Manou Eleni , Thodis Elias , Arsos George , Pasadakis Ploumis , Panagoutsos Stylianos , Papadopoulou Dorothea , Papagianni Aikaterini
Published: July 2019

Background: Fibroblast Growth Factor 23 (FGF-23) and α-Klotho contribute to the patho-genesis of chronic kidney disease - mineral and bone disorders (CKD-MBD). The aim of our study was to evaluate the association of FGF-23 and α-Klotho levels with CKD-MBD parameters, as well as with renal prognosis and mortality, in CKD patients stage 1-5, not in renal replacement therapy (RRT).

Methods: 128 patients were included. At enrollment GFR was measured (mGFR) and plasma levels of carboxyl terminal FGF-23 (cFGF-23) and soluble α-Klotho (sKlotho) were determined by ELISA. Abdominal aorta calcification (AAC) score was assessed in lateral abdominal X ray. The composite end point (event) was initiation of RRT or death. Follow-up was five years (median 36, range 2-60 months).

Results: mGFR significantly correlated with cFGF-23 and sKlotho negatively and posi-tievely respectively (p<0.0001 for both). Multiple regression analysis showed an inde-pendent correlation of cFGF-23 with mGFR, 25-OH vitamin D, presence of diabetes melli-tus and AAC score, of sKlotho with mGFR and phosphate and of AAC score with sKlotho and cFGF-23. Multivariate regression tree analysis, led to the formation of three regression groups (A, B, C) based on two “cut off” values: mGFR levels of 60.85 ml/min/1.73m2 and serum phosphate levels of 3.7 mg/dl. These groups significantly correlated with the five CKD stages and additionally cFGF-23 and sKlotho plasma levels (p<0.0001 for both). During follow-up, 40 out of the 128 patients, (31.2%) either initiated RRT or died (31 and 9 respectively). Kaplan Meier survival analysis showed that groups of patients with cFGF-23 levels less than median and those with sKlotho more than median value showing a more favorable course, regarding outcome (p=0.0003 for cFGF-23, p=0.004 for s-Klotho). In Cox regression analysis the association of cFGF-23 (p=0.04), sKlotho (p=0.008) and AAC score (p=0.01) with the presence of “event” remained significant after adjustment for traditional and CKD- related covariates.

Conclusions: In CKD patients stage 1-5, cFGF-23 and sKlotho levels are associated with adverse clinical outcomes. mGFR and serum phosphate, in association with sKlotho lev-els, may provide a “new classification” of CKD patients, which appears to be predictive of outcome.
The role of Vitamin D Receptor gene polymorphisms in colorectal cancer risk
Authors: Messaritakis Ippokratis , Koulouridi Asimina , Sfakianaki Maria , Gouvas Nikolaos , Athanasakis Elias , Tsiaoussis Ioannis , Xynos Evangelos , Mavroudis Dimitris , Tzardi Maria , Souglakos John
Published: July 2019

Background: Vitamin D deficiency has been associated with increased colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence risk and mortality. Vitamin D mediates its action through binding of the vitamin D receptor (VDR) and polymorphisms of the VDR might explain these inverse associations.
Methods: The aim of the study was the investigation of TaqI, ApaI, FokI and BsmI polymorphisms of the VDR gene for their relevance to colorectal carcinogenesis and progression. Peripheral blood was obtained from 397 patients with early operable stage II/III (n=202) and stage IV (n=195) CRC. Moreover, samples from 100 healthy donors and 40 patients with adenomatous polyps were also included as control groups. Genotyping in samples from patients and controls was performed using PCR-RFLP.
Results: A significant association revealed between all four polymorphisms and cancer. Individuals with homozygous mutant (tt, aa, ff or bb) genotype are more susceptible to the disease (p<0.001). All mutant genotypes detected were also significantly associated with the stage IV disease (p<0.001) leading to significantly decreased survival (p<0.001). Moreover, all four polymorphisms were significantly associated with KRAS mutations and with TLR2, TLR4 and TLR9 genetic variants. In multivariate analysis, tt, aa and ff genotypes emerged as independent factors associated with decreased OS (p=0.001, p<0.001 and p=0.001, respectively).
Conclusions: The detection of higher frequencies of the VDR polymorphisms in CRC patients highlights the role of these polymorphisms in cancer development and progression.
Serum gamma-glutamyltransferase and the overall survival of metastatic pancreatic cancer
Authors: Xiao Yuanyuan , Yang Haijun , Lu Jian , Li Dehui , Xu Chuanzhi , Risch Harvey A.
Published: July 2019

Background

Accumulating evidence suggests that Gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) may be involved in cancer occurrence and progression. However, a prognostic role of serum GGT in pancreatic cancer (PC) survival lacks adequate evaluation. In this study, we aimed to analyze the association between serum GGT measured at diagnosis and overall survival (OS) in patients with metastatic PC.

Methods

We identified 320 patients with histopathologically confirmed metastatic pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) diagnosed during 2015 and 2016 at a specialized cancer hospital in southwest China. Univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards models were used to determine associations between serum GGT and OS in metastatic PDAC.

Results

Under control for possible confounding factors, serum GGT was significantly associated with OS: serum GGT >48 U/L yielded a hazard ratio of 1.53 (95%CI: 1.19-1.97) for mortality risk. Significant dose-response between serum GGT and OS was also observed. Subgroup analysis showed some evidence for an interaction between GGT and blood glucose level.

Conclusion

Serum GGT could be a promising indicator of survival in metastatic PDAC patients. Underlying mechanisms for this association should be investigated.