bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Business Analytics: Emerging Practice and Research Issues in the Health Insurance Industry
Authors: Terekhov Maxim A , Demirezen Emre M , Aytug Haldun
Published: March 2023

This paper summarizes emerging practice and research issues in the health insurance industry. We provide an industry overview, epitomize business analytics applications, and outline current and emerging problems of interest to key stakeholders and researchers in information systems, operations management, and healthcare management. Specifically, we focus on three areas of research that are of importance to the health insurance industry as well as the healthcare system: (i) management and evaluation of intervention programs, (ii) creation of effective provider networks, and (iii) emerging issues such as the impact of a pandemic, patient communication and steering, and technological innovations in health care. We lay out brief details of how each of these problems can be formulated, where the data can be acquired (public and/or proprietary data sets), and provide guidance for solving them. For several of these problems, we provide models that span causal modeling, predictive modeling, and prescriptive modeling.
How teaching experience and physics and mathematics content knowledge impact professional noticing skills of STEM graduate students
Authors: Salamanca Elizabeth , Medina‐Castellano Kimi A. , Wilhelm Jennifer A. , Fisher Molly H.
Published: March 2023

The framework of professional noticing describes three components (attending, interpreting, and deciding) that allow teachers to better understand the thinking of their students. Via this method, teachers attend to their classroom by observing relevant cues from students, interpret these cues based on their knowledge of student development, and decide how best to proceed in their lesson. This study utilized an open‐response survey to collect data regarding the professional noticing skills, physics and mathematics content knowledge, and teaching experience of Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics graduate students. Participants were given a physics and calculus problem to solve to assess their level of content knowledge and then watched a video‐based scenario of a teacher and student discussing the same problems. After, participants were prompted to answer questions corresponding with the attending, interpreting, and deciding components of professional noticing. We found significant results that suggest teaching experience alone is not enough to employ professional noticing skills when attending physics scenarios, and that possessing content knowledge has a positive impact on professional noticing ability, both overall and within the components.
What about us? Political competition, economic performance, immigration, and nativist appeals
Authors: Junqueira Andrea , Silva Thiago N. , Whitten Guy D.
Published: March 2023

Objective

To develop and test theoretical expectations about when political parties will make more or fewer nativist appeals in their electoral campaigns.

Methods

We use spatial autoregressive models to test our claims about the ways in which electoral competition drives nativist appeals.

Results

We find strong support for our theoretical expectations on how spatial and temporal processes influence parties’ nativist appeals. We also find strong support for our expectations on how the percentage of foreign‐born population shapes nativist appeals by government parties and how economic performance shapes nativist appeals by opposition parties.

Conclusion

Spatial party competition conditions the relationship between economic performance, immigration, and parties’ nativist appeals, revealing the strategic behavior of political parties in their choices of when to make nativist appeals more or less prominent in their electoral campaigns.
Object tracking in surveillance video based on Siamese network considering geographical spatiotemporal constraints
Authors: Li Guannan , Lin Shengsheng , Lu Xiu , Zhou Liangchen , Lin Bingxian , Lv Guonian
Published: March 2023

Identifying and tracking objects in surveillance videos is an important means of mining information during surveillance. Currently, most object‐tracking methods rely only on image features, which cannot accurately express the motion of the tracked object in real geographical scenes and are easily influenced by occlusion and surrounding objects having similar features. However, tracked objects, such as pedestrians and vehicles, usually move in geographical space with fixed patterns of motion, and the motion in a short time is constrained by geographical space and time, the motion trajectory is predictable, and the range of motion is limited. Therefore, based on the SiamFC object tracking framework, this study introduces geographical spatiotemporal constraints into the tracking framework and proposes the GeoSiamFC method. The objective of this is to: (1) construct the mapping relationship between geographical space and image space to solve the problem that the pixel movement within the image after perspective imaging cannot accurately express the motion of the tracked object in a real geographical scene; (2) add candidate search areas according to the predicted trajectory location to correct the tracking errors caused by the occlusion of the object; and (3) focus on the search for the range of motion of the mapped pixel within the image space according to the limited geographical range of motion of the tracked objects in a certain time to reduce the interference of similar objects within the search area. In this study, separate experiments were conducted on a common test dataset using multiple methods to deal with challenges such as occlusion and illumination changes. In addition, a robust test dataset with noise addition and luminance adjustment based on the common test dataset was used. The results show that GeoSiamFC outperforms other object‐tracking methods in the common test dataset with a precision score of 0.995 and a success score of 0.756 compared with most other object‐tracking algorithms under the base condition of using only shallow networks. Moreover, GeoSiamFC maintained the highest precision score (0.970) and high success score (0.734) in the more challenging robust test dataset as well. The tracking speed of 59 frames per second far exceeds the real‐time requirement of 25 FPS. Geographical spatiotemporal constraints were considered to improve tracker performance while providing real‐time feedback on the motion trajectory of the target in geographical space. Thus, the proposed method is suitable for real‐time tracking of the motion trajectory of a target in real geographical scenes in various surveillance videos.
Leukoreduction as a control measure in transfusion transmission of visceral leishmaniasis
Authors: Pereira Loren Queli , Tanaka Sarah Cristina Sato Vaz , Ferreira‐Silva Márcia Maria , Gomes Francisca Vânia Barreto Aguiar Ferreira , Santana Melissa Palis , Aguiar Paulo Roberto , de Araújo Pereira Gilberto , Gómez‐Hernández César , Junior Virmondes Rodrigues , De Vito Fernanda Bernadelli , Moraes‐Souza Helio
Published: March 2023

Background

Asymptomatic visceral leishmaniasis (VL) infection is a risk for transfusion safety. Leukoreduction has been an alternative for the prevention of some blood‐borne diseases, including VL. This study aimed to evaluate the role of leukoreduction of cellular blood components as a control measure for transfusional VL transmission.

Research Design and Methods

A total of 161 polytransfused patients with non‐leukoreduced blood components (HNL), 95 polytransfused with leukoreduced blood components (LH), and 202 non‐transfused (NT) from endemic regions for VL and with a similar epidemiological profile. The detection of antibodies against VL was performed by ELISA and the presence of the parasite was investigated by real‐time PCR. Statistical significance was defined as p < .05.

Results

When comparing three groups, ELISA results were statistically significant (p = .0065). The residual analysis of ELISA showed statistically significant for the HNL group compared to the general group (p = .002; OR: 5.6; CI: 1.7–25.8), demonstrating that individuals who received non‐leukoreduced transfusions are five times more likely to acquire Leishmania infantum infection than the general.

Discussion

Higher prevalence in the group with HNL and low prevalence in those who received LH, similar to NT patients, highlight the risk of transfusional VL transmission and reinforce the role of leukoreduction in its prevention.
Non‐invasive estimation of muscle fibre size from high‐density electromyography
Authors: Casolo Andrea , Maeo Sumiaki , Balshaw Thomas G. , Lanza Marcel B. , Martin Neil R. W. , Nuccio Stefano , Moro Tatiana , Paoli Antonio , Felici Francesco , Maffulli Nicola , Eskofier Bjoern , Kinfe Thomas M. , Folland Jonathan P. , Farina Dario , Vecchio Alessandro Del
Published: March 2023

Because of the biophysical relation between muscle fibre diameter and the propagation velocity of action potentials along the muscle fibres, motor unit conduction velocity could be a non‐invasive index of muscle fibre size in humans. However, the relation between motor unit conduction velocity and fibre size has been only assessed indirectly in animal models and in human patients with invasive intramuscular EMG recordings, or it has been mathematically derived from computer simulations. By combining advanced non‐invasive techniques to record motor unit activity in vivo, i.e. high‐density surface EMG, with the gold standard technique for muscle tissue sampling, i.e. muscle biopsy, here we investigated the relation between the conduction velocity of populations of motor units identified from the biceps brachii muscle, and muscle fibre diameter. We demonstrate the possibility of predicting muscle fibre diameter (R2 = 0.66) and cross‐sectional area (R2 = 0.65) from conduction velocity estimates with low systematic bias (∼2% and ∼4% respectively) and a relatively low margin of individual error (∼8% and ∼16%, respectively). The proposed neuromuscular interface opens new perspectives in the use of high‐density EMG as a non‐invasive tool to estimate muscle fibre size without the need of surgical biopsy sampling. The non‐invasive nature of high‐density surface EMG for the assessment of muscle fibre size may be useful in studies monitoring child development, ageing, space and exercise physiology, although the applicability and validity of the proposed methodology need to be more directly assessed in these specific populations by future studies.

image

Key points

Because of the biophysical relation between muscle fibre size and the propagation velocity of action potentials along the sarcolemma, motor unit conduction velocity could represent a potential non‐invasive candidate for estimating muscle fibre size in vivo.

This relation has been previously assessed in animal models and humans with invasive techniques, or it has been mathematically derived from simulations.

By combining high‐density surface EMG with muscle biopsy, here we explored the relation between the conduction velocity of populations of motor units and muscle fibre size in healthy individuals.

Our results confirmed that motor unit conduction velocity can be considered as a novel biomarker of fibre size, which can be adopted to predict muscle fibre diameter and cross‐sectional area with low systematic bias and margin of individual error.

The proposed neuromuscular interface opens new perspectives in the use of high‐density EMG as a non‐invasive tool to estimate muscle fibre size without the need of surgical biopsy sampling.
A Cohesive-Zone-Based Contact Mechanics Analysis of Delamination in Homogeneous and Layered Half-Spaces Subjected to Normal and Shear Surface Tractions
Authors: Cen Jialiang , Komvopoulos Kyriakos
Published: March 2023

A contact mechanics analysis of interfacial delamination in elastic and elastic-plastic homogeneous and layered half-spaces due to normal and shear surface tractions induced by indentation and sliding was performed using the finite element method. Surface separation at the delamination interface was controlled by a surface-based cohesive zone constitutive law. The instigation of interfacial delamination was determined by the critical separation distance of interface node pairs in mixed-mode loading based on a damage initiation criterion exemplified by a quadratic relation of the interfacial normal and shear tractions. Stiffness degradation was characterized by a linear relation of the interface cohesive strength and a scalar degradation parameter, which depended on the effective separation distances corresponding to the critical effective cohesive strength and the fully degraded stiffness, defined by a mixed-mode loading critical fracture energy criterion. Numerical solutions of the delamination profiles, the subsurface stress field, and the development of plasticity illuminated the effects of indentation depth and sliding distance on interfacial delamination in half-spaces with different elastic-plastic properties, interfacial cohesive strength, and layer thickness. Simulations yielded insight into the layer and substrate material property mismatch on interfacial delamination. A notable contribution of the present study is the establishment of a computational mechanics methodology for developing plasticity-induced cumulative damage models for multilayered structures.
Numerical Analysis of Liquid Potassium Flow and Heat Transfer in a Core for Space Nuclear Reactor Based on Entransy Dissipation Theory
Authors: Sun Qi-Qi , Zhang Hao-Chun , Sun Zi-Jian
Published: March 2023

The research on the flow and heat transfer of alkali metals is an important technical means to strengthen the heat transfer of the core. In this paper, the 15 cooling channels with different structures are established. Under Re = 2.85 × 104–2.17 × 105, several operating parameters, such as core inlet temperature (T = 350 K, 390 K, 450 K, 550 K, 850 K), fuel rod pitch ratio (P = 1.2, 1.4, 1.6, 1.8, 2.0), and channel shape (triangle and square) on the heat transfer performance are numerically simulated. At the same time, this work introduces an evaluation criterion, entransy dissipation, to measure the irreversibility of the heat transfer process. The results show that the triangular channel has a stronger heat transfer capacity than the square. And the increase of the rod diameter ratio is a positive means to enhance the heat transfer. Among the studied channels, Model “I” (triangle channel, P = 2.0) has the best heat transfer performance. The above results have some guiding value to realize core heat transfer enhancement by adjusting fuel rod arrangement.
Biointerface mineralization generates ultraresistant gut microbes as oral biotherapeutics
Authors: Geng Zhongmin , Wang Xinyue , Wu Feng , Cao Zhenping , Liu Jinyao
Published: March 2023

Despite the fact that oral microecologics are effective in modulating the gut microbiome, they always suffer from multiple insults during the journey from manufacture to arrival at the intestine. Inspired by the protective mechanism of mineralization, we describe a cytocompatible approach of biointerface mineralization that can generate an ultraresistant and self-removable coating on bacterial surface to solve these challenges. Mineral coating endows bacteria with robust resistances against manufacture-associated oxygen exposure, ultraviolet irradiation, and 75% ethanol. Following oral ingestion, the coating is able to actively neutralize gastric acid and release encapsulated bacteria through spontaneous yet rapid double-decomposition reaction. In addition to acid neutralization, the generated calcium ions can trigger micellar aggregation of bile acid, enabling dual exemptions from the insults of gastric acid and bile acid to achieve uncompromised bacterial viability. Further supported by the therapeutic efficacy of coated bacteria toward colitis mice, biointerface mineralization provides a versatile platform for developing next-generation living oral biotherapeutics.
Digital spatial profiling of intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms: Toward a molecular framework for risk stratification
Authors: Iyer Matthew K. , Shi Chanjuan , Eckhoff Austin M. , Fletcher Ashley , Nussbaum Daniel P. , Allen Peter J.
Published: March 2023

The histopathologic heterogeneity of intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMN) complicates the prediction of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) risk. Intratumoral regions of pancreaticobiliary (PB), intestinal (INT), and gastric foveolar (GF) epithelium may occur with either low-grade dysplasia (LGD) or high-grade dysplasia (HGD). We used digital spatial RNA profiling of dysplastic epithelium (83 regions) from surgically resected IPMN tissues (12 patients) to differentiate subtypes and predict genes associated with malignancy. The expression patterns of PB and GF lesions diverged from INT, suggesting that PB and GF arise from a common lineage. Transcriptional dysregulation within PB lesions mirrored that of PDAC, whereas INT and GF foci did not. Tumor necrosis factor/nuclear factor κB (TNF-NFκB) and cell cycle (cycling S and cycling G2-M) programs occurred with relative prominence in PB and INT subtypes, respectively. Together, this study delineates markers of high-risk IPMN and insights into malignant progression.
Physics-based generative model of curvature sensing peptides; distinguishing sensors from binders
Authors: van Hilten Niek , Methorst Jeroen , Verwei Nino , Risselada Herre Jelger
Published: March 2023

Proteins can specifically bind to curved membranes through curvature-induced hydrophobic lipid packing defects. The chemical diversity among such curvature “sensors” challenges our understanding of how they differ from general membrane “binders” that bind without curvature selectivity. Here, we combine an evolutionary algorithm with coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulations (Evo-MD) to resolve the peptide sequences that optimally recognize the curvature of lipid membranes. We subsequently demonstrate how a synergy between Evo-MD and a neural network (NN) can enhance the identification and discovery of curvature sensing peptides and proteins. To this aim, we benchmark a physics-trained NN model against experimental data and show that we can correctly identify known sensors and binders. We illustrate that sensing and binding are phenomena that lie on the same thermodynamic continuum, with only subtle but explainable differences in membrane binding free energy, consistent with the serendipitous discovery of sensors.
Tectono-magmatic evolution of the Greenland−Iceland−Norway ridge complex and the Jan Mayen hotspot in the Arctic Atlantic Ocean: Constraints from in situ trace elements and Sr isotopes of minerals
Authors: Chen Shuang-Shuang , Gao Rui , Zheng Jian-Ping , Liu Jia-Qi
Published: March 2023

The subarctic North Atlantic Ocean has experienced a complex and gradual magmatic evolution, including continental breakup, mature seafloor spreading, and episodic ridge jumps. Here, we present new in situ major-element, trace-element, and Sr isotopic compositions for minerals (olivine, clinopyroxene, and plagioclase) from the Jan Mayen microcontinent (Integrated Ocean Drilling Program [IODP] Sites 907 and 985), Reykjanes Ridge (Site 983), Greenland Basin (Site 913), and Knipovich Ridge (Site 911) volcanic samples in the Arctic Atlantic Ocean. The Jan Mayen hotspot−type and Iceland plume−type volcanic rocks have a common magma source. The former were likely derived from the latter by further fractional crystallization, resulting in their distinct geochemical features. The in situ incompatible element and isotopic compositions show that the normal mid-ocean-ridge basalt spreading ridge feature for the older (>14 Ma) system and the enriched plume feature for the younger (1.521 Ma and 1.049 Ma) system likely indicate plume-ridge interaction and the evolution from mid-ocean-ridge−type to plume-type magmatism beneath the Norwegian−Greenland Sea. The disequilibrium of Sr isotopes in plagioclase among the groundmass, phenocryst cores, and rims is likely due to heterogeneous compositions beneath the North Atlantic Ocean basin, with the contamination of thick continental crust and the influence of H2O-enriched melts originating from the deep Iceland plume.
Serpin B9 controls tumor cell killing by CAR T cells
Authors: Kimman Thomas , Slomp Anne , Martens Anne , Grabherr Sarah , Li Shuang , van Diest Eline , Meeldijk Jan , Kuball Jurgen , Minnema Monique C , Eldering Eric , Bovenschen Niels , Sebestyén Zsolt , Peperzak Victor
Published: March 2023

Background

Initial clinical responses with gene engineered chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells in cancer patients are highly encouraging; however, primary resistance and also relapse may prevent durable remission in a substantial part of the patients. One of the underlying causes is the resistance mechanisms in cancer cells that limit effective killing by CAR T cells. CAR T cells exert their cytotoxic function through secretion of granzymes and perforin. Inhibition of granzyme B (GrB) can underlie resistance to T cell-mediated killing, and it has been shown that serine proteinase inhibitor serpin B9 can effectively inhibit GrB. We aimed to determine whether expression of serpin B9 by cancer cells can lead to resistance toward CAR T cells.

Methods

Serpin B9 gene and protein expression were examined by R2 or DepMap database mining and by western blot or flow cytometric analysis, respectively. Coculture killing experiments were performed with melanoma cell line MeWo, diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) cell line OCI-Ly7 or primary chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) cells as target cells and natural killer cell line YT-Indy, CD20 CAR T cells or CD19 CAR T cells as effector cells and analyzed by flow cytometry.

Results

Serpin B9 protein expression was previously shown to be associated with clinical outcome in melanoma patients and in line with these observations we demonstrate that enforced serpin B9 expression in melanoma cells reduces sensitivity to GrB-mediated killing. Next, we examined serpin B9 expression in a wide array of primary tumor tissues and human cell lines to find that serpin B9 is uniformly expressed in B-cell lymphomas and most prominently in DLBCL and CLL. Subsequently, using small interfering RNA, we silenced serpin B9 expression in DLBCL cells, which increased their sensitivity to CD20 CAR T cell-mediated killing. In addition, we showed that co-ulture of primary CLL cells with CD20 CAR T cells results in selection of serpin B9-high CLL cells, suggesting these cells resist CAR T-cell killing.

Conclusions

Overall, the data indicate that serpin B9 is a resistance mediator for CAR T cell-mediated tumor cell killing that should be inhibited or bypassed to improve CAR T-cell responses.
Coronary artery restenosis and target lesion revascularisation in women by pregnancy history
Authors: Pehrson Moa , Edsfeldt Andreas , Sarno Giovanna , Fraser Abigail , Rich-Edwards Janet W. , Goncalves Isabel , Pihlsgård Mats , Timpka Simon
Published: March 2023

Background

Women’s pregnancy history is associated with incident risk of coronary artery disease with some evidence also suggesting a relevance for prognosis following treatment.

Objectives

To study the associations between maternal history of preterm delivery, a history of small for gestational age infant, parity and age at first delivery with clinical restenosis after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).

Methods

In this prospective cohort study, we included 6027 women<65 years undergoing their first PCI 2006–2017, merging clinical register data on PCI procedures in Sweden with comprehensive registry data on deliveries since 1973. We used proportional hazards regression to study the association between aspects of pregnancy history and clinical restenosis in per-segment analyses, and with target lesion revascularisation (TLR) in per-patient analyses. We adjusted models for procedural-related and patient-related predictors of restenosis.

Results

During 15 981 segment-years of follow-up, 343 (3.7%) events of clinical restenosis occurred. We found no strong evidence of associations between the studied aspects of pregnancy history and clinical restenosis following PCI. For example, the restenosis HR for a history of preterm delivery in the fully adjusted model was 1.09 (95% CI 0.77 to 1.55) and the TLR HR was 1.18 (95% CI 0.91 to 1.52).

Conclusion

Risk of restenosis following treatment with PCI did not differ by the studied aspects of pregnancy history, including preterm delivery, in young and middle-aged women. Larger studies are needed to obtain more precise estimates.
General radially moving references frames in the black hole background
Authors: Toporensky A. V. , Zaslavskii O. B.
Published: March 2023

We consider general radially moving frames realized in the background of nonextremal black holes having causal structure similar to that of the Schwarzschild metric. In doing so, we generalize the Lemaître approach, constructing free-falling frames which are built from the reference particles with an arbitrary specific energy $$e_{0}$$

e
0

including $$e_{0}<0$$

e
0

<
0

and a special case $$e_{0}=0$$

e
0

=
0

. The general formula of 3-velocity of a freely falling particle with the specific energy e with respect to a frame with $$ e_{0}$$

e
0

is presented. We point out the relation between the properties of considered frames near a horizon and the Banados–Silk–West effect of an indefinite growth of energy of particle collisions. Using our radially moving frames, we consider also nonradial motion of test particles including the regions near the horizon and singularity. We also point out the properties of the Lemaître time at horizons depending on the frame and sign of particle energy.
An Adaptive Fusion Risk-Zone Detection Network and its Application
Authors: Ma Junyi , Wang Xuanliang , Wang Yasha , Chu Xu , Zhao Junfeng
Published: March 2023

COVID-19 has caused a pandemic and adverse effects in many fields on a global scale. The city scale quarantine has demonstrated its effectiveness in controlling the epidemic. Conversely, it is costly and risky in inducing economic and social challenges. A compromised solution is to place quarantine measures at high-risk zones on a local scale. Therefore, it is important to investigate risk zones for conducting cost insensitive precautionary measures. The urban data depict the characteristics of different city zones, which offers an opportunity for detecting the high-risk zones. Yet, the high noise-to-signal ratio requires an efficient procedure to rule out irrelevant information in the informative raw urban data and adapt to the risk detection task. In this paper, we propose an Adaptive Fusion Risk-zone Detection Network (AFRDN), which fuses the static and dynamic multi-sourced urban data in an adaptive manner. Specifically, AFRDN first extracts diverse information-rich features from raw urban data with various encoders in the embedding learning module. Then, the AFRDN takes a hierarchical late fusion strategy by fusing the static embedding and the attentive hidden state of dynamic features in the deep latent space. To capture the most relevant information for risk-zone detection, the AFRDN adapts each dimension in the fused embedding with multi-head self-attention blocks. We have collected a real-world dataset including six Chinese cities and conducted extensive experiments to evaluate our framework. Simulation experiments and comparative analysis results show that the AFRDN is effective and feasible for early detection of infectious diseases high-risk zones.
A GRU-CNN Algorithm Leveraging on User Reviews
Authors: Chen Chao , Xia Yongsheng , Wu Zhaoli , Liu Yandong , Wang Xin
Published: March 2023

Personalized recommendation systems learn user preference characteristics by analyzing behavioral data such as ratings and comments generated by users in the Internet, and provide precise recommendations for individual users accordingly. However, in real life, users often conduct group activities like group buying and traveling together. How to recommend for groups has become a heated research topic in recent years.

Most existing group recommendation algorithms are recommended for given divided groups by collectively combining the preferences of members in the group. However, in most cases, users’ group properties are fickle. As the results of group detection are decisive to the performance of group recommendation, group detection is particularly important to the group recommendation algorithm. After analyzing problems of existing group recommendation algorithms, this paper proposes the density peak clustering group detection algorithm based on GRU-CNN and the group recommendation algorithm based on the mechanism.

With respect to group detection, most of the existing group detection algorithms suffer from certain deficiencies: First, depending solely on the users’ static preference features while ignoring the variation of users’ interest over time when finding the group structure in the network; second, group division based on users’ topic features extracted from reviews is difficult to support further digging of the in-depth features in reviews. To address the above-mentioned problems, this paper proposes a density peak clustering group detection algorithm based on CNN-GRU. It would first extract representative keywords in the reviews with LDA topic model, and then model time series information based on GRU attaining users’ dynamic topic features. Coupling with deeper characteristics cored out by CNN, density peak clustering algorithm completes its group detection finally. Experiments on real dataset indicate that the features mined by the fusion depth neural network model effectively capture users’ dynamic preferences, and yield better results of group detection than that of existing algorithms.
Remote Sensing Image Object Detection Based on Improved YOLOv3 in Deep Learning Environment
Authors: Yang Tianle , Li Jinghui
Published: March 2023

A deep learning-based method, improved YOLOv3 algorithm is proposed in the deep learning environment to tackle challenges such as big scale, uneven distribution, largescale variation, and complicated background of small- and medium-sized remote sensing photos. This manufacture uses Densenet as the backbone, replacing Darknet-53 to realize feature reuse and make the feature extraction more effective; introduces the spatial pyramid pooling module into the feature pyramid part for increasing the receptive field and isolating the most prominent contextual features; adds SE attention module in the process of feature extraction and obtains richer features by learning more location information and channel information from the images. Under DOTA dataset, the final results are that the mean Average Precision value is 86.78%, which is 4.16% higher than the baseline YOLOv3 network. The model put forward makes it easier to extract information from the feature map and achieve higher detection accuracy without influencing the real-time performance of detection.
On the equivalence between Sáez–Ballester theory and Einstein-scalar field system
Authors: Quiros Israel , Horta-Rangel Francisco Antonio
Published: March 2023

Here, we discuss a topic that comes up more often than expected: A same theory or theoretical model arises in two different presentations which are assumed to be actually different theories so that these are independently developed. Sometimes this leads to an unwanted doubling of the results. In this paper, we illustrate this issue with the example of two apparently different gravitational theories: (i) the (minimally coupled) Einstein-massless-scalar (EMS) system and (ii) the Sáez–Ballester theory (SBT). We demonstrate that the latter is not a scalar–tensor theory of gravity, as widely acknowledged. Moreover, SBT is identified with the EMS theory. As illustrations of this identification we show that several known solutions of SBT are also solutions of the EMS system and vice versa. Cosmological arguments are also considered. In particular, a dynamical systems-based demonstration of the dynamical equivalence between these theories is given. The study of the asymptotic dynamics of the Sáez–Ballester-based cosmological model shows that there are no equilibrium points which could be associated with accelerated expansion, unless one includes a cosmological constant term or a self-interacting scalar field. This is a well-known result for cosmological models which are based on the Einstein-self-interacting-scalar theory, also known as quintessence.
ELECTRODEPOSITED GRAPHENE OXIDE-HYDROXYAPATITE COMPOSITE COATING WITH IMPROVED BONDING STRENGTH FOR BIOMEDICAL APPLICATION
Authors: LIU XIAOQIANG
Published: March 2023

In order to improve the interfacial bonding at coating-substrate, a graphene oxide-hydroxyapatite (GH) coating was designed and constructed. The microstructure, bonding strength and in vitro bioactivity of the coating were analyzed. The results showed that GH coating presented uniform and crack-free structure with a flake morphology. The bonding strength of GH coating was 7.81[Formula: see text]MPa, which is about 1.2 times that of pure hydroxyapatite coating. In vitro bioactivity test using simulated body fluid exhibited that GH coating processes the ability to induce apatite formation. The GH coating should have potential application in surface modification for biomedical materials.
Unit groups of commutative modular group algebras
Authors: Epitropov Yordan , Gradeva Ivanka , Mollov Todor Zh.
Published: March 2023

This paper analyzes some of the fundamental results of the unit groups of the commutative modular group algebras. We introduce a more visible and concise form of a number of these results. We consider with a corresponding justification some essentially inexact and unproved results in some papers and for certain of them either we mark the corrections or we point out the corrections, which are founded in another papers.
The local permutability of primary subgroups
Authors: Xie Fengyan , Liu Huicai , Liu Qian
Published: March 2023

Let [Formula: see text] be a primary subgroup of a finite group [Formula: see text]. The structure of [Formula: see text] is studied by the local permutability of [Formula: see text].
A New Equivalent Thickness Model for Fracture Prediction on Round Rods with Elliptic Surface Cracks
Authors: He Jialei , She Chongmin , Cao Jiafen
Published: March 2023

An equivalent thickness model is proposed to develop the fracture prediction method for round rods with elliptic surface cracks on the basis of a constraint equivalence principle and detailed three-dimensional (3D) stress field analysis near crack fronts with various elliptical shape factors t ([Formula: see text] 0.33, 0.4, 0.5, 0.67, 1) and crack depths a ([Formula: see text] 1/3, 2/3). The equivalent thickness is a function of crack depth a, elliptical shape factor t, elliptical parameter angle [Formula: see text] and radius of the round rod R. The reported fracture test data for the 20CrMo steel round rods with various elliptic surface cracks are adopted to validate the proposed equivalent thickness model. It is found that the improved 3D fracture prediction method by introducing the equivalent thickness is more effective than the traditional two-dimensional (2D) fracture prediction method. The prediction error is reduced from 10.5% to 3.1% for given round rods with elliptic surface cracks under tensile loading in this paper.
Extremal graphs with respect to the total-eccentricity index
Authors: Farooq Rashid , Malik Mehar Ali , Rada Juan
Published: March 2023

In a connected graph [Formula: see text], the distance between two vertices of [Formula: see text] is the length of a shortest path between these vertices. The eccentricity of a vertex [Formula: see text] in [Formula: see text] is the largest distance between [Formula: see text] and any other vertex of [Formula: see text]. The total-eccentricity index [Formula: see text] is the sum of eccentricities of all vertices of [Formula: see text]. In this paper, we find extremal trees, unicyclic and bicyclic graphs with respect to total-eccentricity index. Moreover, we find extremal conjugated trees with respect to total-eccentricity index.
Challenges in Islamic Fintech and Digitalization: An Extensive Literature Review
Authors: Aysan Ahmet Faruk , Unal Ibrahim Musa
Published: March 2023

Islamic fintech literature growth rapidly, and several literature trends have occurred. This paper conducts a systematic literature review of the papers about the challenges of Islamic fintech. For this goal, three main categories are created. The first focuses on the Shariah and legal issues of Islamic fintech because these are the main difference between Islamic finance and its conventional counterpart and therefore are unique to Islamic finance. The second category is on the challenges of Islamic crowdfunding, microfinance, SMEs, and other related institutions. The last category focuses on user and software-based challenges, as most Islamic financial institutions significantly lack experience in this area. Further studies must focus on each challenge and find solutions by opening stagnations.
Transfer Learning for the Visual Arts: The Multi-modal Retrieval of Iconclass Codes
Authors: Banar Nikolay , Daelemans Walter , Kestemont Mike
Published: March 2023

Iconclass is an iconographic thesaurus, which is widely used in the digital heritage domain to describe subjects depicted in artworks. Each subject is assigned a unique descriptive code, which has a corresponding textual definition. The assignment of Iconclass codes is a challenging task for computational systems, due to the large number of available labels in comparison to the limited amount of training data available. Transfer learning has become a common strategy to overcome such a data shortage. In deep learning, transfer learning consists in fine-tuning the weights of a deep neural network for a downstream task. In this work, we present a deep retrieval framework, which can be fully fine-tuned for the task under consideration. Our work is based on a recent approach to this task, which already yielded state-of-the-art performance, although it could not be fully fine-tuned yet. This approach exploits the multi-linguality and multi-modality that is inherent to digital heritage data. Our framework jointly processes multiple input modalities, namely, textual and visual features. We extract the textual features from the artwork titles in multiple languages, whereas the visual features are derived from photographic reproductions of the artworks. The definitions of the Iconclass codes, containing useful textual information, are used as target labels instead of the codes themselves. As our main contribution, we demonstrate that our approach outperforms the state-of-the-art by a large margin. In addition, our approach is superior to the M
3
P feature extractor and outperforms the multi-lingual CLIP in most experiments due to the better quality of the visual features. Our out-of-domain and zero-shot experiments show poor results and demonstrate that the Iconclass retrieval remains a challenging task. We make our source code and models publicly available to support heritage institutions in the further enrichment of their digital collections.
An Exhaustive Literature Review of Hadith Text Mining
Authors: Mosa Mohamed Atef
Published: March 2023

The Quran and the hadith of the Prophet are the two sources of legislation for Muslims. Sharia rulings and laws are not only derived from the Quran but also the bulk of them come through hadith. Understanding the hadith, its classification, and verification of its authenticity is vital to reach detailed rulings, as the volume of the hadith is many times greater than the volume of the Quran. As a result, mining in the hadith text is one of the things that has attracted the attention of researchers in the past few years. In this study, we conducted a survey of all the techniques and systems related to the mining of the hadith in its two parts, the Al-Matn and the Al-Sanad. On the other hand, the challenges and obstacles which confronted researchers have been shown; in addition, some suggested tips were highlighted to overcome those challenges. Furthermore, the most essential modern techniques used in the classification of Arabic texts, which gave a high degree of efficiency, were highlighted as milestones for future studies.
SPI1 Mediates N-Myristoyltransferase 1 to Advance Gastric Cancer Progression via PI3K/AKT/mTOR Pathway
Authors: Qiu Ping , Li Xing , Gong Min , Wen Ping , Wen Jianbo , Xu Linfang , Wang Guiliang
Published: March 2023

Gastric cancer (GC) is a common digestive tract malignancy worldwide. N-myristoyltransferase 1 (NMT1) has been implicated in many cancers, but its association with gastric cancer remains to be clarified. Thus, this paper elucidated the role of NMT1 in GC. The NMT1 expression level in GC and normal tissue samples as well as the relationship between NMT1 high or low expression and overall survival in GC was analyzed via GEPIA. GC cells were transfected with NMT1 or SPI1 overexpression plasmid and short hairpin RNA against NMT1 (shNMT1) or shSPI1. NMT1, SPI1, p-PI3K, PI3K, p-AKT, AKT, p-mTOR, and mTOR levels were detected through qRT-PCR and western blot. MTT, wound healing, and transwell assays were applied to test cell viability, migration, and invasion. The binding relationship of SPI1 and NMT1 was determined through a dual-luciferase reporter assay and chromatin immunoprecipitation. NMT1 was upregulated in GC, the high level of which connected with a poor prognosis. Overexpressed NMT1 elevated viability, migration rate, and invasion rate of GC cells, whereas NMT1 knockdown leads to the opposite results. Besides, SPI1 could bind to NMT1. Overexpressed NMT1 reversed the effects of shSPI1 on decreasing viability, migration, invasion, p-PI3K/PI3K, p-AKT/AKT, and p-mTOR/mTOR in GC cells, and NMT1 knockdown reversed the effects of SPI1 overexpression on increasing viability, migration, invasion, p-PI3K/PI3K, p-AKT/AKT, and p-mTOR/mTOR. SPI1 upregulated NMT1 to facilitate the malignant behaviors of GC cells through the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway.
Timely Initiation of Antenatal Care and Associated Factors among Pregnant Women Attending at Wachemo University Nigist Eleni Mohammed Memorial Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Hossana, Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Tessema Dagmawit , Kassu Amanuel , Teshome Amanuel , Abdo Ritbano
Published: March 2023

Background. Timely detection and treatment of pregnancy-related or preexisting diseases, health education, and the promotion of adequate care provision improve the health of mothers and unborn children. As such, these factors are crucial within the first pregnancy trimester. However, very few women in low and middle-income countries initiate their first ANC in the recommended trimester of pregnancy. This study is aimed at assessing the prevalence of timely initiation of ANC and its associated factors among pregnant women attending antenatal clinics in Wachemo University Nigist Eleni Mohammed Memorial comprehensive specialized hospital, Hossana, Ethiopia. Methods. A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted from April 4, 2022 to May 19, 2022. A systematic sampling technique was used to select study participants. Data were collected from pregnant women using a pretested structured interview questionnaire. EpiData version 3.1 was used to enter the data, and SPSS version 24 was used to analyze it. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression were used to identify the associated factors at a 95% confidence interval with a

p

value < 0.05. Results. This study indicated that 118 (34.3%) of the women initiated ANC timely. The factors associated with timely initiation of ANC included women aged 25–34 years (

AOR
=
0.3

; 95% CI: (0.1, 0.7)), tertiary maternal education (

AOR
=
3.2

, 95% CI: (1.0, 9.9)), zero parity (

AOR
=
7.7

; 95% CI: (3.6, 15.3)), planned pregnancy (

AOR
=
13.7

; 95% CI: (5.5, 34.3)), good knowledge about ANC services (

AOR
=
3.1

; 95% (CI: (2.3, 11.3)), and good knowledge about danger signs in pregnancy (

AOR
=
4.8

; 95% CI: (2.2, 8.1)). Conclusion. This study demonstrates the importance of making a significant effort to increase the coverage of timely ANC initiation in the study area. Therefore, increasing the awareness level of mothers regarding ANC services given during pregnancy and danger signs in pregnancy and advancing the academic level of mothers are essential to increase the coverage of timely initiation of ANC.
Intensive Blood Pressure Control and Diabetes Mellitus Incidence for Patients with Impaired Fasting Glucose: A Secondary Analysis of SPRINT
Authors: Lin Beiru , Liu Xiaochuan , Yao Sichen , Pan Zhigang
Published: March 2023

Background. Previous studies indicated that intensive blood pressure (BP) control (systolic BP < 120 mm·Hg) compared with standard BP control (<140 mm·Hg) was associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and impaired fasting glucose (IFG) among hypertensive patients with normoglycemia. However, the impact of intensive BP control on the incidence of T2D for those with IFG is still unknown. Methods. This was a secondary analysis of the SPRINT (Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial) of the study. We included participants with IFG at randomization, which was defined as fasting blood glucose (FBG) between 100 and 125 mg/dL. The primary outcome was incident T2D, defined as events of reaching FBG ≥ 126 mg/dL, participant self-report T2D at annual examination, or a record of hypoglycemic medications at follow-up. The secondary outcome was incident IFG reversion (IFGR), defined as the time to first FBG back to normoglycemia (<100 mg/dl) among participants without incident T2D. Cox proportional hazards models were used to compare the cumulative incidence of outcomes between the two BP control groups. Hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated. Results. A total of 3310 participants were included in our primary outcome analysis (median age 67 years, 29% female). There were 293 participants who developed T2D among the intensive BP control group and 256 participants who developed T2D among the standard BP control group, resulting in 56.87 (50.36–63.39) versus 49.33 (43.29–55.37) events per 1000 person-years of treatment (HR 1.18 [95% CI, 1.00–1.40],

P
=
0.052

). After excluding 549 participants who developed T2D, 2761 participants were included in our secondary outcome analysis with 559 participants who developed IFGR among the intensive BP control group and 632 participants who developed IFGR among the standard BP control group, resulting in 141.20 (129.50–152.91) versus 158.20 (145.86,170.53) events per 1000 person-years of treatment (HR 0.9 [95% CI, 0.8–1.01],

P
=
0.067

). Conclusions. Our study found that in comparison to the standard BP control for hypertensive patients with IFG, intensive BP control was associated with a small increased risk of new-onset T2D, though it did not reach statistical significance. This kind of impact should be considered when implementing the strategy, especially for those with high risks of developing T2D. This trial is registered with NCT01206062.