bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effects of paracetamol (acetaminophen) on gene expression and permeability properties of the rat placenta and fetal brain
Authors: Koehn Liam M. , Huang Yifan , Habgood Mark D , Kysenius Kai , Crouch Peter J. , Dziegielewska Katarzyna M , Saunders Norman R
Published: June 2020

Background:Paracetamol (acetaminophen) is widely used in pregnancy and generally regarded as “safe” by regulatory authorities.

Methods:Clinically relevant doses of paracetamol were administered intraperitoneally to pregnant rats twice daily from embryonic day E15 to 19 (chronic) or as a single dose at E19 (acute). Control samples were from un-treated age-matched animals. At E19, rats were anaesthetised, administered a final paracetamol dose, uteruses were opened and fetuses exposed for sample collection. For RNA sequencing, placentas and fetal brains were removed and flash frozen. Fetal and maternal plasma and cerebrospinal fluid were assayed for ⍺-fetoprotein and interleukin 1β (IL1β). Brains were fixed and examined (immunohistochemistry) for plasma protein distribution. Placental permeability to a small molecule (14C-sucrose) was tested by injection into either mother or individual fetuses; fetal and maternal blood was sampled at regular intervals to 90 minutes.

Results:RNA sequencing revealed a large number of genes up- or down-regulated in placentas from acutely or chronically treated animals compared to controls. Most notable was down-regulation of three acute phase plasma proteins (⍺-fetoprotein, transferrin, transthyretin) in acute and especially chronic experiments and marked up-regulation of immune-related genes, particularly cytokines, again especially in chronically treated dams. IL1β increased in plasma of most fetuses from treated dams but to variable levels and no IL1β was detectable in plasma of control fetuses or any of the dams. Increased placental permeability appeared to be only from fetus to mother for both14C-sucrose and ⍺-fetoprotein, but not in the reverse direction. In the fetal brain, gene regulatory changes were less prominent than in the placenta of treated fetuses and did not involve inflammatory-related genes; there was no evidence of increased blood-brain barrier permeability.

Conclusion:Results suggest that paracetamol may induce an immune-inflammatory-like response in placenta and more caution should be exercised in use of paracetamol in pregnancy.
Online dashboard and data analysis approach for assessing COVID-19 case and death data
Authors: Florez Hector , Singh Sweta
Published: June 2020

The 2019-2020 global pandemic has been caused by a disease called coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). This disease has been caused by the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). By April 30 2020, the World Health Organization reported 3,096,626 cases and 217,896 deaths, which implies an exponential growth for infection and deaths worldwide. Currently, there are various computer-based approaches that present COVID-19 data through different types of charts, which is very useful to recognise its behavior and trends. Nevertheless, such approaches do not allow for observation of any projection regarding confirmed cases and deaths, which would be useful to understand the trends of COVID-19. In this work, we have designed and developed an online dashboard that presents actual information about COVID-19. Furthermore, based on this information, we have designed a mathematical model in order to make projections about the evolution of cases and deaths worldwide and by country.
A conceptual framework for reopening our society during the Covid-19 pandemic
Authors: Gill Christopher J. , Galea Sandro
Published: June 2020

Decisions about how to go about the necessary task of re-opening our society in the midst of the Covid-19 (CV19) have been paralyzed by our extremes. But we can neither afford to insist on a zero-risk response, nor can we pretend that the risk does not exist. What is needed are tools to rationally triage the risk. To this end, we propose a novel ‘risk index’, which is the intersection of two components of risk: 1) the risk of an individual becoming infected due to action ‘X’; and 2) the likely probability of death (or serious harm) if that individual develops CV19. The risk index allows risk to be compared across different scenarios, and may reveal that seemingly very different situations constitute similar degrees of risk. With risk measured in this way, one can then contrast different levels of risk against the social benefits of absorbing that risk, allowing actions to be sorted into those that are tolerable, debatable, or acceptable. While these concepts are presented in abstract based on approximate estimates of risk and influenced by our judgements about social desirability, the concept itself can be refined as more accurate approximations of risk and broadly accepted values of social desirability are derived empirically. In short, this is a tool intended to provide a useful empirical framework for rationale decision making about CV19.
A protocol for a systematic review investigating the factors influencing the statistical planning, design, conduct, analysis and reporting of clinical trials
Authors: Zaki Marina , Galligan Marie , O'Sullivan Lydia , Devane Declan , McAuliffe Eilish
Published: June 2020

Clinical trials can be defined as prospective human research studies to test the effectiveness and safety of interventions, such as medications, surgeries, medical devices and other interventions for the management of patient care. Statistics is an important and powerful tool in clinical trials. Inappropriately designed trials and/or inappropriate statistical analysis produce unreliable results, with limited clinical use. The aim of this systematic literature review is to identify, describe and synthesise factors contributing to or influencing the statistical planning, design, conduct, analysis and reporting of clinical trials. This protocol will describe the methodological approach taken for the following: conducting a systematic and comprehensive search for relevant articles, applying eligibility criteria for the inclusion of such articles, extracting data and information, appraising the quality of the articles, and thematically synthesizing the data to illuminate the key factors influencing statistical aspects of clinical trials.
Could dementia be detected from UK primary care patients’ records by simple automated methods earlier than by the treating physician? A retrospective case-control study
Authors: Ford Elizabeth , Starlinger Johannes , Rooney Philip , Oliver Seb , Banerjee Sube , van Marwijk Harm , Cassell Jackie
Published: June 2020

Background: Timely diagnosis of dementia is a policy priority in the United Kingdom (UK). Primary care physicians receive incentives to diagnose dementia; however, 33% of patients are still not receiving a diagnosis. We explored automating early detection of dementia using data from patients’ electronic health records (EHRs). We investigated: a) how early a machine-learning model could accurately identify dementia before the physician; b) if models could be tuned for dementia subtype; and c) what the best clinical features were for achieving detection.

Methods: Using EHRs from Clinical Practice Research Datalink in a case-control design, we selected patients aged >65y with a diagnosis of dementia recorded 2000-2012 (cases) and matched them 1:1 to controls; we also identified subsets of Alzheimer’s and vascular dementia patients. Using 77 coded concepts recorded in the 5 years before diagnosis, we trained random forest classifiers, and evaluated models using Area Under the Receiver Operating Characteristic Curve (AUC). We examined models by year prior to diagnosis, subtype, and the most important features contributing to classification.

Results: 95,202 patients (median age 83y; 64.8% female) were included (50% dementia cases). Classification of dementia cases and controls was poor 2-5 years prior to physician-recorded diagnosis (AUC range 0.55-0.65) but good in the year before (AUC: 0.84). Features indicating increasing cognitive and physical frailty dominated models 2-5 years before diagnosis; in the final year, initiation of the dementia diagnostic pathway (symptoms, screening and referral) explained the sudden increase in accuracy. No substantial differences were seen between all-cause dementia and subtypes.

Conclusions: Automated detection of dementia earlier than the treating physician may be problematic, if using only primary care data. Future work should investigate more complex modelling, benefits of linking multiple sources of healthcare data and monitoring devices, or contextualising the algorithm to those cases that the GP would need to investigate.
Welcome to the New Reality!
Authors: Marinosyan T.
Published: June 2020

The article discusses a problem that arose in connection with the peculiarities of human existence in isolation caused by the coronavirus epidemic. From the standpoint of philosophy, sociology, psychology, the author examines approaches to providing specific pedagogical, psychological and emotional assistance to children, their parents, all those who find themselves and may find themselves in the future cut off from their usual life and activities - study, work, communication, rest. Recommendations are given on the organization of distance learning in the modern system of school education.
Formation of Functional Literacy of Primary School Children in the Field of Healthy and Safe Lifestyle
Authors: Artyuhova Irina
Published: June 2020

The article discusses the basic principles and specifics of the organization of activities of primary school teachers in the formation of students’

knowledge in the field of safe behavior and healthy lifestyle, as well as their development of practical skills in relevant situations. Questions of

didactic support are highlighted, target methodological modules are marked. As an example of their use, the development of classes on the topic “My safety when riding a scooter and crossing the roadway” is presented.
Using Analogy in Teaching Mathematics in Primary School
Authors: Chirkova Natal'ya
Published: June 2020

The article discusses the possibilities of using analogy as a method of cognition by younger schoolchildren of mathematical phenomena and

objects and at the same time a learning method. The educational essence of analogy, its structure and types are described: explanatory, search, systematizing analogy. The didactic potential of analogy is revealed, the conditions for the successful implementation of didactic goals using this method are given. The methodological materials presented in the article can be used by teachers in the preparation of students of pedagogical specialties and teachers in the course of teaching younger students in mathematics.
Differentiated Approach to Teaching Children with Special Educational Needs
Authors: Markitanova R.
Published: June 2020

The article discusses the urgent problem for the modern education system of conducting correctional and pedagogical work with different groups of students with limited health opportunities, which arose in connection with the implementation of adapted educational programs in educational institutions of the usual type. The models of correctional pedagogy, its content, methods and forms are analyzed, the practical experience of using a differentiated approach to organizing integrated correctional and developing classes in mixed groups of children with special educational needs is revealed. Based on a study conducted on the basis of the Home-Based School of Education № 381 in Moscow, the specific difficulties encountered by schoolchildren of the first and second grades with various health problems during training are described, and in accordance with this, the principles of their distribution into groups are determined.
Layouts of Unit-Load Warehouses with Multiple Slot Heights
Authors: Cardona Luis F. , Gue Kevin R.
Published: June 2020

We describe a method to generate layouts for unit-load warehouses that use multiple slot heights as a way to maximize warehouse space utilization. The problem has two parts: slots must be arranged into rack-bays, and rack-bays must be arranged into a layout. We describe two methods for the first subproblem, depending on whether the warehouse has directed picking and put-away. For the second, we describe a simulation model and a greedy procedure based on the duration-of-stay storage policy. We observe significant benefits of using multiple slot heights in unit-load warehouses with respect to footprint, expected travel time, and cost of racking. For a typical warehouse, we expect space savings between 25% and 35%, depending on the number of slot types, and savings of between 15% and 25% in annual operating costs.
Are Course Withdrawals a Useful Student Success Strategy?
Authors: Akos Patrick , James Scott
Published: June 2020

Course withdrawals have significant cost and curricular implications for both students and institutions. Yet within the retention literature, little is known about the context or impact of course withdrawals. This study examines course withdrawals of first year students from a sample of nine universities. Data reveal that demographic and contextual factors differentially influence the use of course withdrawals. Further, these data suggest that course withdrawals have negative consequences for second year retention, with nuanced significance when compared to making grades of D or F. We discuss implications for academic advisors, retention specialists, and faculty leaders, as well as policy and future research considerations.
The Role of Academic Advisors in the Development of Transfer Student Capital
Authors: Hayes Shannon , Lindeman Leslie , Lukszo Casey
Published: June 2020

The purpose of this study is to understand the relationship between pre-transfer advising and the development of transfer student capital (TSC) for students who have transferred from community college to a four-year university. Using TSC as a framework, this qualitative case study seeks to identify the roles that pre-transfer advisors at community colleges and universities have in students' transfer processes. In this study, we find that advisors can play a critical role in building students' TSC and supporting students' self-efficacy. We also find that students indicate that advisors sometimes provide conflicting information or that advising can often be inaccessible to students, which can lead to self-advising. Implications and recommendations are discussed.
An international focus on cardiac surgery nursing: clinical academic careers
Authors: Sanders Julie , Wynne Rochelle , Martorella Geraldine , Fredericks Suzanne
Published: June 2020

This six-paper series in the International Year of the Nurse and Midwife aims to draw together two important themes: celebrating the role of nursing in advancing care in cardiac surgery and providing an international perspective of cardiac surgery nursing.
American College of Cardiology and American Heart Association: guideline on the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease
Authors: Linden Belinda
Published: June 2020

Belinda Linden presents a quarterly overview of recently published guidance of relevance to cardiovascular nursing. A guideline on reducing cardiovascular risk through primary prevention in adults is reviewed in this update.
Q&A: highlighting careers, nurse-led work and innovation in cardiovascular nursing
Authors: Challinor Tom
Published: June 2020

This month, we hear from Tom Challinor, a lead nurse at the Manchester Royal Infirmary.
A novel Caldicott-compliant hospital imaging protocol for open fracture photography
Authors: Houston James , Ashby Luke , Ogidi Jonathan , Lui Daren F , Trompeter Alex J
Published: June 2020

Open fractures incur significant morbidity and mortality, and as such have standardised guidelines for their management. Photography of open fractures is an essential component of documentation in the treatment of open fractures as per the British Orthopaedic Association Standards of Trauma and National Institute for Health and Care Excellence guidelines. Smartphones have made photography easily accessible to the clinician, but serious concerns exist regarding data security and the consent process around the use of sensitive clinical images. This project sought to overcome this issue by developing a Caldicott-compliant hospital imaging protocol that allows clinicians to use their smartphone to upload open fracture images into the patient's permanent record. Implementation of the protocol was audited and resulted in the increase of safe and secure open fracture photographic storage to inpatient medical records. This protocol would be transferrable to other hospital trusts and could be adopted across major trauma networks.
Essential, complex and multi-form: the local leadership of civil society from an Anglo-Italian perspective
Authors: Pagani Michela , Sancino Alessandro , Budd Leslie
Published: June 2020

Individuals and organisations within civil society play a crucial role in our cities, but little direct research has been carried out on their leadership role. By employing a place-based leadership approach, this article aims to identify the leaders of civil society in two cities, one in Italy (Padua) and one in the UK (Peterborough). We draw our results from 34 interviews with city leaders. Our findings highlight important similarities between the two cities, such as the fundamental function of umbrella organisations and the influence of faith leaders. We discuss the multi-form character of the leaders of civil society as acting within three main spheres of city leadership – the third/voluntary sector, community and faith – as highlighted by the participants in this study. We also find that civil society exercises the key leadership role of intermediary between citizens and government in public services delivery and in enabling community voice from different publics.
Crosstalk limitations due to fiber nonlinearities and ASE on the BER performance of a coherent WDM transmission system with a DRA
Authors: Tithi Fahmida Hossain , Majumder Satya Prasad
Published: June 2020

An analytical development is presented to assess the collective effect of fiber nonlinearities such as cross-phase modulation (XPM), stimulated Raman scattering (SRS), and amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) due to a distributed Raman amplifier (DRA) on the bit error rate (BER) performance of a wavelength division multiplexing transmission system with forward pumping and a coherent optical receiver. Expressions are developed for a signal to crosstalk plus the noise ratio at the output of the optical fiber and optical receiver. The analytical results are found to match simulation results reported earlier, and coherent detection is found to be less affected by nonlinear effects compared to direct detection. XPM causes about 20–30 dB more penalty than ASE or SRS.
Microsphere-lens coupler with 100  nm lateral resolution accuracy in visible light
Authors: Miao Yu , Gao Xiumin , Wang Guanxue , Li Yang , Liu Xuejing , Sui Guorong
Published: June 2020

We propose a microsphere-lens coupler that can successfully constrain the beam with near-field details to achieve

∼

100

n
m

lateral resolution accuracy. In theory, we use the finite-difference time-domain method to analyze the properties of the “photonic nanojet.” The optimal focusing ability scope can be obtained by adjusting the focusing parameters, such as refractive index, paraxial optical intensity attenuation ratio, sizes of microspheres, and so forth. In experiment, the “non-brush scrubbing” cleaning technology is adopted to optimize the experimental results. Aiming to self-assemble properties of dielectric spheres, we introduce the deagglomeration method to produce homogeneous liquid. Meanwhile, by tiling a 5 µm-diameter microsphere-lens on a specimen, a traditional optical microscope can realize 100 nm lateral superresolution microimaging, which lays a certain foundation for further development of superresolution microimaging.
Changing evolution of optical communication systems at the network edges
Authors: Kilper Daniel C. , Peyghambarian Nasser
Published: June 2020

Metro and data center networks are growing rapidly, while global fixed Internet traffic growth shows evidence of slowing. An analysis of the distribution of network capacity versus distance reveals capacity gaps in networks important to wireless backhaul networks and cloud computing. These networks are built from layers of electronic aggregation switches. Photonic integration and software-defined networking control are identified as key enabling technologies for the use of optical switching in these applications. Advances in optical switching for data center and metro networks in the CIAN engineering research center are reviewed and examined as potential directions for optical communication system evolution.
Study of low-peak-power highly coherent broadband supercontinuum generation through a dispersion-engineered Si-rich silicon nitride waveguide
Authors: Karim M. R. , Al Kayed Nayem , Rabiul Hossain Md , Rahman B. M. A.
Published: June 2020

Since the first observation by Alfano and Shapiro in the 1970s [Phys. Rev. Lett. 24, 584 (1970)PRLTAO0031-900710.1103/PhysRevLett.24.584], supercontinuum generation study has become an attractive research area in the field of broadband light source design, including its use in various applications associated with nonlinear optics in recent years. In this work, the numerical demonstration of ultrabroadband supercontinuum generation in the mid-infrared (MIR) region via the use of complementary metal-oxide semiconductor compatible Si-rich silicon nitride as the core in a planar waveguide design employing one of two materials, either

L
i
N
b
O

3

or

M
g
F

2

glass, as the top and bottom claddings is explored. A rigorous numerical investigation of broadband source design in the MIR using 2 mm long Si-rich silicon nitride waveguides is carried out in terms of waveguide structural parameter variations, input peak power variation, varying unexpected deformation of the waveguide along the core region during fabrication, and spectral coherence analysis. Among the several waveguide models studied, two promising designs are identified for wideband supercontinuum generation up to the MIR using a relatively low input peak power of 50 W. Simulation results reveal that spectral coverage spanning from 0.8 µm to 4.6 µm can be obtained by using a

L
i
N
b
O

3

-cladded waveguide, and similar spectral coverage is also predicted for the other design, a

M
g
F

2

-cladded waveguide. To the best of our knowledge, this is the widest spectral span in the MIR region employing a Si-rich silicon nitride waveguide so far. In dispersion tuning as well as in supercontinuum generation, the effect of possible unexpected waveguide deformation along the transverse directions during fabrication is also studied. No significant amount of spectral change is observed in the proposed model for a maximum of 10° inside/outside variation along the width. On the other hand, even 1° upward/downward variation along the thickness could cause substantial spectral change at the waveguide output. Finally, the obtained output spectra from the proposed waveguides are found to be highly coherent and can be applied in various MIR region applications such as optical coherence tomography, spectroscopic measurement, and frequency metrology.
Optical DC electric field sensing based on the Pockels effect using bismuth germanate crystals
Authors: Li Yansong , Gao Li , Wan Jun , Liu Jun
Published: June 2020

The measurement of DC electric fields faces problems such as space charge accumulation and difficulties in distinguishing the DC signal from the output signal. Therefore, a novel, to the best of our knowledge, optical electric field sensor based on the Pockels effect is proposed to measure DC electric fields using a rotating bismuth germanate crystal. Theoretical derivation and signal optimization are performed to eliminate the influence of space charge accumulation on the DC electric field measurement. The measurement results show that the proposed optical electric-field sensor is suitable for the accurate measurement of DC electric fields, and the precision error is within

±

0.1

%

.
Efficient distribution of high-dimensional entanglement through 11  km fiber
Authors: Hu Xiao-Min , Xing Wen-Bo , Liu Bi-Heng , He De-Yong , Cao Huan , Guo Yu , Zhang Chao , Zhang Hao , Huang Yun-Feng , Li Chuan-Feng , Guo Guang-Can
Published: June 2020

High-dimensional entanglement enriches our understanding of entanglement and shows many advantages in quantum communications tasks, so its long-distance distribution is a key technology. Here, we use multicore fiber to distribute four-dimensional (4D) entanglement over 11 km. The observed fidelity is

F
=
0.921
±
0.001

, which is feasible for high-dimensional quantum networks. We observed the violation of high-dimensional Bell inequality (

I
4

=
2.635
±
0.014

) and steering inequality (

S
4

=
1.900
±
0.003

) for a 4D system over a distance of 11 km and finally demonstrated 4D quantum key distribution based on entanglement in proof of principle. Our work provides an experimental platform for high-dimensional quantum technologies and enables the intracity high-dimensional quantum network.
SPAD-based asynchronous-readout array detectors for image-scanning microscopy
Authors: Buttafava Mauro , Villa Federica , Castello Marco , Tortarolo Giorgio , Conca Enrico , Sanzaro Mirko , Piazza Simonluca , Bianchini Paolo , Diaspro Alberto , Zappa Franco , Vicidomini Giuseppe , Tosi Alberto
Published: June 2020

Fluorescence microscopy and derived techniques are continuously looking for photodetectors able to guarantee increased sensitivity, high spatial and temporal resolution, and ease of integration into modern microscopy architectures. Recent advances in single-photon avalanche diodes (SPADs) fabricated with industry-standard microelectronic processes allow the development of new detection systems tailored to address the requirements of advanced imaging techniques (such as image-scanning microscopy). To this aim, we present the complete design and characterization of two bidimensional SPAD arrays composed of 25 fully independent and asynchronously operated pixels, both having fill factor of about 50% and specifically designed for being integrated into existing laser scanning microscopes. We used two different microelectronics technologies to fabricate our detectors: the first technology exhibiting very low noise (roughly 200 dark counts per second at room temperature) and the second one showing enhanced detection efficiency (more than 60% at a wavelength of 500 nm). Starting from the silicon-level device structures and moving towards the in-pixel and readout electronics description, we present performance assessments and comparisons between the two detectors. Images of a biological sample acquired after their integration into our custom image-scanning microscope finally demonstrate their exquisite on-field performance in terms of spatial resolution and contrast enhancement. We envisage that this work can trigger the development of a new class of SPAD-based detector arrays able to substitute the typical single-element sensor used in fluorescence laser scanning microscopy.
CryoSIM: super-resolution 3D structured illumination cryogenic fluorescence microscopy for correlated ultrastructural imaging
Authors: Phillips Michael A. , Harkiolaki Maria , Susano Pinto David Miguel , Parton Richard M. , Palanca Ana , Garcia-Moreno Manuel , Kounatidis Ilias , Sedat John W. , Stuart David I. , Castello Alfredo , Booth Martin J. , Davis Ilan , Dobbie Ian M.
Published: June 2020

Rapid cryopreservation of biological specimens is the gold standard for visualizing cellular structures in their true structural context. However, current commercial cryo-fluorescence microscopes are limited to low resolutions. To fill this gap, we have developed cryoSIM, a microscope for 3D super-resolution fluorescence cryo-imaging for correlation with cryo-electron microscopy or cryo-soft X-ray tomography. We provide the full instructions for replicating the instrument mostly from off-the-shelf components and accessible, user-friendly, open-source Python control software. Therefore, cryoSIM democratizes the ability to detect molecules using super-resolution fluorescence imaging of cryopreserved specimens for correlation with their cellular ultrastructure.
Simultaneous material processing by picosecond-pulse bursts and nanosecond pulses arbitrarily generated by a directly modulated laser diode system
Authors: Kurita Takashi , Kawai Kazuki , Morita Takaaki , Iguchi Takuto , Kato Yoshinori
Published: June 2020

We report a directly modulated laser diode system capable of generating picosecond-pulse bursts and nanosecond pulses simultaneously. A generated pulse shape can be arbitrary controlled with a temporal resolution of 1 ns and wavelength of 1064 nm. A two-stage Nd:YVO4 amplifier boosts the pulse energy to hundreds of microjoules to process JIS 304 stainless steel. Characterization of processed holes irradiated by different pulse durations and shapes reveals that the ablation efficiencies with the nanosecond pulses are two times higher than those with the picosecond-pulse bursts. A clear hole with a taper angle of 1.5° is realized by the picosecond-pulse bursts with a 10-ns pulse interval. The combination of pulses with large differences in timescales offers an efficient production line with a single laser system.
A Psiquiatria em Portugal nas primeiras décadas do século XX: Protagonistas
Authors: Pereira José Morgado
Published: June 2020

O autor estuda a psiquiatria portuguesa no período da sua institucionalização. Faz uma síntese do contexto científico- médico internacional, mostrando os progressos da medicina, onde além da biologia se inicia no fim do século XIX o estudo das formulações psicogenéticas. Depois analisa o contexto nacional, incluindo legislação, os estabelecimentos e sua história, os regulamentos, planos de reforma, publicações e divulgação científica, e o ensino, com destaque para a reforma de 1911. Os protagonistas, as suas ideias e trabalhos publicados são analisados, procurando mostrar as suas diferenças de opinião em diversas matérias, em tempos históricos atravessados por conflitos sociais e políticos, mas de grande riqueza no plano das ideias. Se na primeira fase as principais figuras são arautos de correntes filosóficas e científicas oitocentistas, na segunda fase surgem novas ideias que permitem a renovação das relações entre a neurologia e a psiquiatria, divulgando-se uma atitude mais psicológica e psicoterapêutica. Em conclusão, a psiquiatria, de acordo com um alargamento pluridisciplinar, vai definindo formas mais diversificadas de tratamento institucional, com uma visão biológica mais integradora.
Three axis deviation analysis of CNC milling machine
Authors: Subagio Dalmasius Ganjar , Subekti Ridwan Arief , Saputra Hendri Maja , Rajani Ahmad , Sanjaya Kadek Heri
Published: June 2020

The manufacturing technology has developed rapidly, especially those intended to improve the precision. Consequently, increasing precision requires greater technical capabilities in the field of measurement. A prototype of a 3-axis CNC milling machine has been designed and developed in the Research Centre for Electrical Power and Mechatronics, Indonesian Institute of Sciences (RCEPM-LIPI). The CNC milling machine is driven by a 0.4 kW servo motor with a spindle rotation of 12,000 rpm. This study aims to measure the precision of the CNC milling machine by carrying out the measurement process. It is expected that the CNC milling machine will be able toperform in an optimum precision during the manufacturing process. Accuracy level testing is done by measuring the deviations on the three axes namely X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis, as well as the flatness using a dial indicator and parallel plates. The measurement results show the deviation on the X-axis by 0.033 mm, the Y-axis by 0.102 mm, the Z-axis by 0.063 mm, and the flatness of the table by 0.096 mm, respectively. It is confirmed that the deviation value is within the tolerance standard limits set by ISO 2768 standard. However, the calibration is required for this CNC milling machine to achieve more accurate precision. Furthermore, the design improvement of CNC milling machine and the application of information technology in accordance with Industry 4.0 concept will enhance the precision and realibility.
Fraud trend in the regional government of Central Sulawesi province
Authors: Tahawa Taufik Hidayat B. , Nurhidayah Nurhidayah , Tanra Andi Ainil Mufidah , Khaldun Riady Ibnu
Published: June 2020

This study aims to analyze the effect of the Government Internal Control System and organizational commitment on the fraud trend in Regional Apparatus Work Units (SKPD) of Central Sulawesi Province both simultaneously and partially. The study used 43 people as the respondents from each Regional Apparatus Work Unit (SKPD). The data were collected by using questionnaires and analyzed using with multiple linear regression analysis tools and the statistical program SPSS version 20.0. The results show that the implementation of the government internal control system and organizational commitment has a significant effect on fraud trend. Based on the results of the f-test (simultaneously), government internal control system and organizational commitment have a significant effect on fraud trend. For the results of Â the t-test (partially),Â  government internal control system and organizational commitment have a significant effect Â on fraud trend. Based on the results of this research, this study suggests and recommends that Â the Central Sulawesi government increase their understanding of the importance of the implementation of the government internal control system that has been regulated in Law Number 60 of 2008, given the need for a solid foundation such as a control system to minimize the occurrence of various acts of fraud.
Development of mandatory & voluntary instruments of sustainability reporting (SR) according to carrots & sticks 2006 - 2016
Authors: Breliastiti Ririn
Published: June 2020

Sustainability Reporting (SR) has become the main report of the worldâ€™s leading companies. In 2005, it was found that more than 250 top companies listed on the Fortune 500 had prepared SR separately from the Annual Report in which the number in each country varies. In the developed countries, awareness to compile and issue SR is supported by government regulations so that SR becomes mandatory. Yet, in developing countries, SR is still voluntary because there is still no regulation requiring the companies to compile and issue SR. This research aims to find out the development of the mandatory and voluntary instruments related to SR. It is a literature review done using instruments such as a tabulation containing the development of the mandatory and voluntary instruments (government policy). Enthusiasm for the application of SR and commitment, and efforts to achieve transparency and accountability all have increased. Countries with interest in SR have a significant development: 19 countries in 2006, 32 countries in 2010, 45 countries and regions in 2013, and 71 countries and regions in 2016. Indonesia, especially, has its SR regulations that have grown from 180 in 2013 to 400 in 2016, with government regulations dominating 80% of all regulations. Mandatory instruments dominate more than voluntary instruments. The application of SR 30% is for large companies listed on the stock exchange. SR reporting by public companies has covered all sectors on the stock exchange. All were greatly influenced by the role of the government encouraging the companies to disclose information about sustainability in their annual reports. Social reporting instruments show a faster development than environmental reporting instruments.
PENGARUH KEADILAN DISTRIBUTIF DAN PROSEDURAL PENILAIAN KINERJA PADA KEPUASAN KARYAWAN BPR SYARIAH DI YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Gunawan Ade , Nurmadiansyah M. Thoriq
Published: June 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh keadilan penilaian kinerja terhadap kepuasan karyawan pada Bank Pembiayaan Rakyat Syariah (BPRS) di Yogyakarta. Keadilan penilaian kinerja meliputi keadilan distributif dan keadilan prosedural. Pembahasan dimensi keadilan distributif dan keadilan prosedural menekankan pada aspek struktural manajerial. Proses pelaksanaan penilaian kinerja dirasa adil oleh karyawan apabila prosedur-prosedur penilaian kinerja sesuai dengan etika dan standar moral serta hasil penilaian kinerja sesuai dengan kinerja karyawan tersebut maka akan berpengaruh terhadap kepuasan karyawan. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah tiga BPRS di Yogyakarta. Dengan subjek penelitian adalah seluruh karyawan BPRS yang menjadi sampel penelitian. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan variabel keadilan distributif dan keadilan prosedural penilaian kinerja berpengaruh secara signifkan pada kepuasan karyawan. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa keputusan pimpinan pada penilaian kinerja yang dirasa adil dan terakomodasinya kepentingan karyawan dalam proses penilaian kinerja dapat meningkatkan kepuasan karyawan.
Commodity Price Shocks And Macroeconomic Performance In Sub-Saharan Africa
Authors: Sanya Ogunsakin
Published: June 2020

This study investigated the relationship between commodity price shocks and output growth in Sub-Saharan African countries using panel data which covered the period between 2005 and 2017. Data for the study were sourced from the World Development Indicators (WDI). Data base of the World Bank, The IMF’S International Financial Statistics (IFM) and Publications of Central Banks of various countries selected. The study employed Generalized Movement Average (GMM) as the estimation technique. Findings from the study showed that positive changes in the prices of export commodities has little positive impact on macroeconomic performance in Sub-Saharan Africa while negative price change has negative and significant impact on macroeconomic performance in Sub-Saharan African countries during study period. Based on these findings, the study therefore concludes that the relationship between commodity price shocks and macroeconomic performance in Sub-Saharan Africa is asymmetric. The study recommends that countries in Sub-Saharan Africa should introduce and implement policies to withstand shocks that may come from commodity price shocks such as economic diversification not only in area of agriculture but also in the area of industrialization and manufacturing.
Influence of Human Resource Accounting Practices on Managerial Decision-Making
Authors: Abiola James O. , Adisa Rilwan Ayinde
Published: June 2020

The study examined the influence of Human Resource Accounting (HRA) practices on managerial decision-making. Data for the study were gathered via a structured questionnaire on a 5-Points Likert Scale administered on personnel of Accounting, and Audit/Internal Control departments which were considered to be the relevant departments for this study in 16 quoted firms in the Nigerian financial services sector. The questionnaires distributed were returned and analyzed using a simple regression analysis model. The study found that HRA has a significant impact on managerial decision-making of organizations. It was therefore recommended that organizations should be more proactive in the use of HRA to enhance decision-making. Necessary and relevant standards should also be provided on the need for recognizing human resource cost in organizations’ statement of financial position in order to enhance adequate decision-making in business organizations premised on fair financial reporting.
The Strategic Value of Price Communication
Authors: Kramer Andreas
Published: June 2020

Price communication is increasingly relevant in practice but is not sufficiently appreciated in research. Changed framework conditions, e.g. due to new price models in the context of digitalization or changed consumer behaviour, mean on the one hand that price communication has become more complex and on the other hand that new challenges on price communication have arisen. Overall, price communication should not be viewed as an isolated but as a pivotal part of overall pricing strategy.
A CRITICAL APPRAISAL OF COVID-19 IN INDIA
Authors: Das Dr Pradip Kumar
Published: June 2020

COVID-19 virus causes respiratory problems including pneumonia, cold, sneezing and coughing, and  transmits human to human or human to animal via airborne droplets. World Health Organization advises to avoid public gatherings and close contact to infected persons and pet animals. India has made several precautionary measures to mitigate the disease at the initial stage. However, the density of population in India makes it difficult to control the disease, if government does not incorporate the visionary strategies. Since attacked several nations have been worried for their people lives, developing country like India with huge population should consider about the livelihood of the people belonging to below poverty line or BPL equally with other life. This paper will give insights to make effective strategy to culminate the world threat COVID-19 in India.

Keywords: COVID-19; India; Healthcare; Strategies; Community hospital.
Scaling a Multi-dimensional Organization Horizontally
Authors: Bigley Joel
Published: June 2020

Customers of multinational enterprises (MNEs) exist almost everywhere. Cross border B2C e-commerce is expected to double by 2022 according to Forrester Research. How do MNE’s efficiently leverage their product portfolios across geographic markets? This is called horizontalization. Synergies exist in terms of resources needed in these products due to relatedness between them. Economies of scale can be exploited to reduce costs of needed resources. In this case study an MNE utilized a multidimensional organization design to reach customers in many parts of the world. The author presents findings from this case and ultimately extracts nineteen propositions to guide support function synergies. Absent these measures, risk of revenue loss is enhanced significantly.
M/V “Tokei Maru”: Would the Actions of her Brave Master Consist General Average?
Authors: Voudouris Ioannis , Berketis Nicholas G.
Published: June 2020

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The Balance Between Corporate Identity And Corporate Image And Its Impact On Marketing Of Universities In Ghana
Authors: Boafo Nana Danso , Agyapong Fred , Asare Priscilla , Amponsah Grace
Published: June 2020

Universities are adopting different strategies to attract students, enhance satisfaction level and loyalty as well as branding in a competitive market. Although university corporate identity and image is becoming an increasingly important issue in the marketing of universities in Ghana, there is sometimes a mismatch between the university corporate identity and image which can lead to poor marketing performance. This has therefore necessitated this study which is, evaluating the balance between corporate identity and corporate image and its impact on marketing performance of universities in Ghana using Christian Service University College as the case study.

The study was descriptive. Population was past and current students of the university. Five hundred and seventy five (575) persons were sampled using convenience sampling method. Multiple linear regression was used to analyze data.

Findings revealed a balance between CSUC corporate identity and corporate image, as it has positively impacted on the university’s marketing performance in these challenging times for private universities in Ghana. This was based on the evidence that, majority of the responses attested to the fact that the university practiced its Christian values inbuilt in its brand , also the university does what it says it stands for. Respondents were happy with lecturers and the university graduates’ performances on the field. The study recommended that Universities must create a perfect fit between their corporate identity and corporate image since they impact on their marketing performance, and also all staff must be made to understand the relationship between the institution's corporate identity and corporate image and its impact on marketing performance of the institution.
Analysis Of The Social And Cultural Values Contraining Increased African Apple Production In Anambra State Of Nigeria
Authors: Enibe D. O.
Published: June 2020

This study analysed the social and cultural values constraining increased African Star Apple (ASA, Chrysophilum albidum) production in Anambra State of Nigeria. Data were collected using interview schedule on 80 respondents selected from six major assembly markets in six town communities of two Agricultural zones of the State. Ten respondents (5 men and 5 women) who are natives of the communities hosting the markets were selected through Snow ball sampling method (SBSM) from each of the markets. The interview schedule was mainly on yes or no questions. From the respondents, 7 in-depth interviews were conducted for detailed information on ASA important issues such as the crop’s feast activities, children’s song while under the trees and beliefs. Data were achieved with descriptive statistics such as percentage, frequency distribution and Tables. The study showed that: ASA production and consumption in the study area are by 100% constrained with social and cultural norms such as none planting, none harvesting, public ownership and free fruits collection. The result also reveals that the studied communities differ in their ASA fruit selling and buying norms and in ASA feast in the past and that they do not easily change their norms except on certain conditions such as knowledge gain and sensitization. The study inter alia recommends that effort to increase or commercialize its production by entrepreneurs requires orientation or sensitization of the tradition custodians in the communities and adequate protection of the trees in farm fields or plantations.
Assessing student preferences between on-site and on-line instruction during social distancing: Differences between undergraduate and graduate students
Authors: Smith Wade , Robichaux-Davis Rebecca
Published: June 2020

This article reports the results of the phase I, multisite study, assessing preferences for traditional or on-line instruction between undergraduate and graduate students. Theses students had initially enrolled in a traditional (i.e., on-site) platform of instruction but due to the national distancing policy were instead instructed via an on-line only format. A mixed-method research design was employed using an author-developed survey instrument to assess instruction preference and two open-ended questions; the answers to which were subjected to content analysis.
Implementation Challenges of the Ghana Rent Policy (Act 220) - A Case Study in the Ashanti Region
Authors: Ephraim Lydia , Keelson Haneef Kwesi , Effah Samuel
Published: June 2020

The study sought to find out the implementation challenges of the Ghana rent policy (Act 220) as the country is deficit, in terms of providing rental accommodation to meet its growing population. Geographically, the study through the usage of both probability and non-probability sampling techniques covered suburbs in the Ashanti Region as the region is one of the two most urbanized regions in Ghana. The study employed the explanatory research design in order to ascertain the current state of rental housing in Ghana and as well as what influences rent charges and rental choices. The results from the study indicated that though rental housing is a neglected feature, it has the potential of boosting the revenue base of the nation, provided the policy that governs the sector is well implemented to make the sector organized and provide its socio-economic benefits. The study concluded that the major challenge confronting rental housing in Ghana is the neglect of the sector by the government – ensuring the implementation of the rent policy. This neglect has affected the effective and efficient functioning of the sector which has the potential of helping to address the housing need of the nation while providing income to the individual and the nation.