bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Understanding the Behavioral Determinants of First Responder App Adoption: Integrating UTAUT and Health Belief Model Perspectives (Preprint)
Authors: von Winckelmann Cas , Vanherle Robyn , Schreurs Lara , Hoogmartens Olivier , Salaets Heidi , De Spiegeleer Jan , Sabbe Marc , Beullens Kathleen
Published: December 2024

BACKGROUND

Out-of-hospital cardiac arrests (OHCA) are a leading cause of death worldwide, yet first responder apps can significantly improve outcomes by mobilizing citizens to perform CPR before professional help arrives. Despite their importance, understanding of these apps' societal integration remains limited.

OBJECTIVE

Given that first responder app use involves elements of both technology adoption and preventive health behavior, it is essential to examine this behavior from multiple theoretical perspectives. Building on the UTAUT and Health Belief Model (HBM), this study therefore developed an integrative framework to explain which behavioral determinants and individual factors drive individual’s willingness to install a first responder app for OHCA.

METHODS

We conducted an online cross-sectional survey (N=3660, Mage=49.95, SDage=16.75, 52.2% female) in June 2024 among [country blinded] adults. To test our hypotheses and address our research questions, we developed a Structural Equation Model (SEM) using the Lavaan package in R.

RESULTS

Our results revealed that two UTAUT variables (i.e. facilitating conditions and social influence) and three HBM variables (i.e. perceived susceptibility, perceived barriers and perceived benefits) were associated with willingness to install a first responder app for OHCA. Additionally, most demographic and health factors indirectly related to willingness via behavioral determinants, with age being the sole moderator.

CONCLUSIONS

Overall, the results of this study have both theoretical and practical implications. Theoretically, this study finds its relevance in extending the UTAUT and HBM to altruistic mobile health apps and advancing our understanding of technology adoption in health contexts. Practically, the study’s findings could inform real-life health campaigns aimed at enhancing citizen participation in first responder systems.
Recreational-Geomorphological Zoning of the North-Eastern Caucasus
Authors: Zaburaeva Khava , Zaburaev Chingizkhan , Shaipova Aminat
Published: December 2024

The article presents the results of zoning of the territory of the North-Eastern Caucasus based on the analysis of geomorphological features and their influence on the organization of recreation. The following methods were used in this work: systematic, comparative-geographical and cartographic, as well as field studies and GIS-technologies. Map construction and statistical data processing were performed using ArcGis software package. The important role of relief in recreational specialization of the study area is shown. The features of methodological approaches to recreational assessments of relief in the works of domestic and foreign researchers are revealed. On the territory of the NorthEastern Caucasus on the basis of the analysis of qualitative and quantitative characteristics of relief taking into account the geological, paleogeographical and landscape features of the territory, five recreational-geomorphological districts were identified: plains, primorsky, foothills, intra-mountain and highland. In each of the indicated districts the tourism and recreational resources and prerequisites determining the development of certain types of tourist specialization are shown. In the plain recreational-geomorphologic district the most demanded are scientificcognitive, therapeutic, health-improving and ethno-cultural tourism. Alongside the historical and cultural heritage, the area has modern architecture, such as the Grozny-City high-rise building ensemble in the Chechen Republic. Primorsky district is favorably distinguished by opportunities for sea tourism. The foothill district is characterized by significant landscape diversity and the presence of recreational resources: fauna and flora, cultural and historical, etc. The most relevant types of tourism include: health-improving (terrenekur, forest therapy, phytotherapy, balneotherapy), sports (hunting, fishing, equestrian sports) and scientific-cognitive tourism. Intra-mountainous and highland areas are characterized by more complex contrasting relief, so the most relevant areas of tourism here include scientific-cognitive, geological, cultural-historical, sports and extreme tourism.
A Bibliometric Analysis of Alexithymia Research
Authors: Budiman Mutmainnah , Imam Andi Khaerul
Published: December 2024

Manusia memiliki aspek afektif yang penting dalam kehidupan yang mengacu pada perasaan, emosi, dan suasana hati. Namun, terdapat kondisi ketika individu mengalami penyusutan kemampuan untuk merasakan dan menggambarkan emosi yang disebut dengan alexithymia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendefinisikan parameter deskriptif publikasi, mengilustrasikan pola sitasi, mengekstrak kata kunci penulis, dan mengevaluasi kinerja penelitian dengan topik alexithymia. Data diperoleh dari basis data Scopus sebanyak 3.130 artikel dengan mengeksplorasi tren penelitian alexithymia hingga tahun 2023. Analisis ini merupakan analisis bibliometrik yang dilakukan dengan bantuan program Bibliometrix R-Package dan VOSviewer. Hasil penelitian ini menggambarkan pemetaan penelitian terkait alexithymia dengan mengidentifikasi penulis yang paling berpengaruh, universitas, negara yang paling produktif terkait alexithymia, tren topik penelitian terkait alexithymia, dan perkembangan penelitian alexithymia. Tema penelitian meliputi pengukuran, dampak pada anak-anak, dan kesejahteraan psikologis. Sumber literatur yang terbatas menekankan perlunya penelitian lebih lanjut. Hasil penelitian ini memetakan literatur, mengidentifikasi tren, memberikan panduan untuk penelitian di masa depan, dan meningkatkan kebijakan kesehatan mental di Indonesia, khususnya terkait alexithymia.
From History to Mindset: The Psychological Legacy of Taxation in Indonesia
Authors: Susilawati Ika Rahma , Hidayat Rahmat - , Lufityanto Galang -
Published: December 2024

This paper explores the factors contributing to tax non-compliance in Indonesia by examining its psycho-historical context through a chronological literature review. By analyzing multiple written sources, the researchers outlined the historical progression of taxation in a systematic order. Specific terms associated with different types of taxation, such as tribute, head tax, and land rent tax, are utilized to dissect the essence of taxes within the broader economic and social historical framework. Investigating the evolution of taxation from the era of kingdoms to the present revealed how public perceptions of taxes have changed over time—viewed at various points as coerced tribute, extortion, national contribution, corruption, and a duty-bound obligation. These shifting perceptions reflect the deep-rooted psychological significance of taxation within Indonesian society. The study suggests capitalizing on these historical viewpoints, both positive and negative, to enhance tax compliance strategies. By gaining insights into these foundational attitudes regarding taxation, the paper advocates for further empirical research to refine tax representation and improve governance. This approach seeks to develop a nuanced strategy in tax policy, highlighting the importance of aligning with the historical and psychological context of the Indonesian population.Top of Form Bottom of Form
Gender Representation in A Multilingual Children’s Book, An Anthology of Indonesian Children’s Stories
Authors: Ahmad Ahmad , Susanto Ashabul Kahfi
Published: December 2024

All children should see themselves in the book they read, thus, representation matters. In some children’s books, male and female are not always present. If they exist, it is important to see how they are represented. This study aims to examine gender representation in An Anthology of Indonesian Children’s Stories published by The Agency for Language Development and Cultivation, The Ministry of Education, Culture, Research and Technology in 2022, by focusing on revealing two aspects. The first is comparing the ratio of male and female protagonists as well as other characters using the quantitative method, and the second is examining the gender role portrayal of the protagonist characters using the qualitative method. The finding shows that male protagonists outnumber female protagonists with a ratio of 7:3. However, although only three out of ten stories have three female protagonists, they are represented as having progressive gender roles: adventurous and empowered. Some stories, unfortunately, still reinforce traditional gender roles.
Optimization of the Learning Process of Knowledge-based Short Videos: The Impact of Self-determined Motivation on Self-directed Learning Ability
Authors: Lin Jiadan , Du Baiyan , Lai Yuege
Published: December 2024

The popularity of short videos has made knowledge-oriented short videos increasingly popular. They have positive effects in promoting the learning of short video learners but also face some process challenges. This research mainly analyzes the impact of self-determined motivation on self-directed learning ability. For this purpose, a questionnaire survey was conducted among 196 undergraduate students. The results show that in short video learning, self-determined motivation has a significantly positive impact on self-directed learning ability, especially the positive impact of intrinsic motivation in self-determined motivation on self-directed learning ability. However, in short video learning, the intrinsic motivation of short video learners is relatively weak. Based on the above research results, suggestions for enhancing the intrinsic motivation of short video learning are put forward. This research provides theoretical and practical guidance for educators and short video learners, aiming to optimize the application of short videos as a learning tool.
Is ‘Say-on-Pay’ the Most Reasoned Approach to Executive Remuneration Accountability?: An Assessment of the Meaningfulness of UK and US ‘Say-on-Pay’ Frameworks
Authors: Sarhan Zainab
Published: December 2024

This essay aims to contribute to the ongoing debate on the meaningfulness of ‘say-on-pay’ on the remuneration report as a corporate governance mechanism that aims to limit excessive executive remuneration and the harmfulness manifested by it in the UK and US. This will be achieved by contending that while this development in corporate governance has the potential to reduce the level of overly-exaggerated compensation packages, a greater emphasis needs to be placed on striking a balance between income fairness and aligning the interests of managers with shareholders to reduce overall agency costs.  This argument will be made on the grounds that the current say-on-pay frameworks in the UK and the US are not only ineffectively designed, but also ineffectively utilised, given the observed low levels of voting dissent on remuneration policy.
A Critical Analysis on the Regulation and Sanctioning of Wrongful and Fraudulent Trading
Authors: Mao Xuan
Published: December 2024

This article will consider whether the current systems for regulating, and sanctioning wrongful and fraudulent trading is adequate to deter directors from committing such offences. Directors may be found liable for these offences if they continue trading after knowing or when they ought to have known that the company is insolvent or impending insolvency. During this time, their conduct may be investigated by an independent practitioner. Directors have a fiduciary relationship with their companies and thus owe various fiduciary duties to the companies. Such duties are regulated by the Companies Act 2006 and aim to prevent director malpractice such as wrongful and fraudulent trading. Wrongful trading, introduced as an extension of fraudulent trading, is a civil offence under Section 214 of the Insolvency Act 1986. Fraudulent trading, however, is both a civil offence under Section 213 of the Insolvency Act 1986, and criminal offence under Section 993 of the Companies Act 2006. The main element here is intention to defraud. Though a finding of fraudulent trading is less common nowadays since the introduction of wrongful trading, issues surrounding the subject is nonetheless present. When a director has been found liable of wrongful or fraudulent trading, they may be ordered by the court to contribute to the company’s assets. This amount is dependent on the loss caused by the director resulting from their offence, however, if they cannot provide the funds; creditors may be left improperly compensated. Additionally, liable directors may face disqualification. In conclusion, this paper will consider whether the current schemes are effective for the prevention of directorial misconduct in relation to wrongful trading and fraudulent trading.
Has the International Climate Regime Failed and Missed Its Purpose? Loss and Damage and Human Rights Perspective
Authors: Wang Yingqi
Published: December 2024

In recent years, as the impact of climate change has become increasingly serious, the international climate change regime has been accused of failure and is considered to have deviated from its original goals. This article analyzes the rationality of the above view from the perspectives of loss and damage and human rights protection. In terms of dealing with loss and damage, the international climate change regime has established a preliminary framework to address this issue and has increased the attention of countries to loss and damage. However, it is not practical enough. Developed countries evade historical responsibility and are unwilling to deal with it separately from mitigation and adaptation. At the same time, there is a lack of funds and it is unable to support the effective operation of relevant mechanisms. In terms of human rights protection, the climate regime has established a basic protection framework and provided a basis for climate litigation. However, there is a lack of specific implementation clauses and sufficient legally binding force, and it has achieved little in solving problems such as insufficient public participation, inadequate protection of the rights and interests of vulnerable groups, and climate migration. In summary, although the international climate change regime has made some progress in the legislative framework, it has almost failed due to insufficient practical operational capacity and it is difficult to achieve the expected goals. In the future, it is urgent to further refine the implementation rules, strengthen the mandatory nature of relevant laws, and provide sufficient and stable financial support for mechanisms such as loss and damage, so as to promote substantial breakthroughs in climate governance.
The Subtle Art of Compromise and the International Financial Architecture
Authors: Aquila Augusto
Published: December 2024

In this essay, the argument is embraced that the most serious limitation of the international financial architecture is its dubious ability to cope with the everchanging political and diplomatic dimensions of the interconnected economic systems of our contemporaneity. Simultaneously, the key characteristic of the workings of the international financial architecture (i.e. a widespread reliance on soft law) is not looked at as a shortcoming in and of itself, but as a consequence of the balancing between political discordance and the necessity to find compromises for the benefit of the world's population.
IOT-Enabled Highway Safety Pre- Warning System
Authors: Singh Soumya
Published: December 2024

The increasing number of road accidents and the need for efficient traffic management systems have led to significant
research in advanced technologies aimed at enhancing highway safety. The Internet of Things (IoT) presents a promising
solution for real-time monitoring and preemtive safety measures on highways. This paper proposes an IoT-enabled Highway
Safety Pre-Warning System designed to provide early warnings to drivers about potential hazards, such as accidents, roadblocks,
or sudden weather changes. The system utilizes a network of interconnected sensors, cameras, and communication devices
placed strategically along highways to collect and transmit data related to traffic conditions, road quality, vehicle speed, and
environmental factors. The information is then processed through a central server and communicated to vehicles, traffic
management centers, and emergency responders in real-time. The goal of the system is to reduce the likelihood of accidents and
improve response times to incidents, ultimately enhancing the overall safety and efficiency of highway traffic. Key components of
the system include vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) and vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) communication protocols, predictive analytics,
and dynamic alert mechanisms. This paper also discusses the challenges, such as data privacy, system scalability, and integration
with existing infrastructure, as well as the potential impact of this IoT-enabled safety system on reducing fatalities and
improving traffic management.
Quantitatively Physical and Chemical Analysis of Soil Samples of District Dhule, Maharashtra
Authors: Bhavsar Falguni
Published: December 2024

This study investigates the physical and chemical properties of soils from five distinct locations in Dhule District,
Maharashtra. Soil samples were collected from the villages of Shewali, Shirpur, Dhandane, Phophare, and Kusumba to examine
key parameters such as pH, alkalinity, conductivity, and hardness, which are crucial indicators of soil quality and fertility. The
results indicate significant variations in the physicochemical properties across these locations, suggesting the influence of local
environmental factors. This study provides valuable insights into soil management practices that could improve agricultural
productivity and environmental sustainability in the region.
Tranquil Talks - A Chat-Based Counseling Website
Authors: Rane Anuja
Published: December 2024

Tranquil Talks is a web-based counseling platform designed to provide accessible and confidential mental
health support for adolescents aged 16-20. Recognizing the unique challenges faced by young people in this age group,
Tranquil Talks offers a safe and supportive environment where individuals can connect with qualified counsellors and
address their mental health concerns. Our platform utilizes advanced technology to facilitate real-time, text-based
counseling sessions, ensuring privacy and convenience for users. By leveraging the expertise of psychology students
under the guidance of experienced professionals, we offer affordable and personalized mental health support. Tranquil
Talks aims to empower adolescents to navigate life’s challenges, build resilience, and develop healthy coping
mechanisms. Our platform is committed to promoting mental well-being and fostering a supportive community for young
people.
Secure Online Auction Portal
Authors: Kuthe Annaji , Shangarwar Sandesh , Burde Piyush , Sakhale Prajwal , Kamble Yegnesh , Bhende Raj , Thakre Jidnyasa
Published: December 2024

Abstract: As the name states, The Online Auction System is a medium that enables users to buy and sell products through
auctions offered online. Both sellers and you can create a product on the platform, where bids can be placed against this created
product. By also utilizing a system with emphasis on local availability of products, we allow users to see their products before
purchasing them – much unlike the current existing models. The easy-to-use interface gives opportunities to buy and sell even
the non-technical users from home hassle-free.
Analysis of Heart Disease Prediction Algorithms
Authors: Mohan Dr. Yogesh
Published: December 2024

This paper investigates the accuracy of three machine learning algorithms for heart disease prediction: convolutional
neural networks (CNNs), XGBoost, and logistic regression. The experiment was conducted on a dataset from Kaggle using
Google Colab. All three algorithms achieved good results, but the CNN outperformed the others with an accuracy of 93.7%.
Logistic regression followed with 83.46% accuracy, and XGBoost achieved 80.31% accuracy. The findings suggest that CNNs
are a powerful tool for heart disease prediction, even when compared to established algorithms like logistic regression and
XGBoost
Determinan Ketergantungan Pedagang Muslim Pasar Tradisional Terhadap Kredit Rentenir Di Pasar Tradisional Bantul DIY
Authors: Fathurrahman Ayif , Amirah Amirah
Published: December 2024

The research aimed at analyzing market traders' interest toward rentenir (money lender) loans. The subjects of the research were people as the source of information who could provide accurate data according to the condition and events that occurred at the area of the research. In this case, the subjects of the research were market traders at Pasar (market) Bantul. The samples were 100 respondents. The data analysis technique was Double Linear Regression. Based on the conducted analysis, the result illustrated that convenience had positive and significant influence toward market traders' interest toward rentenir loans. Knowledge on religious matters had negative significant influence toward market traders' interest toward rentenir loans and marketing had positive significant influence toward market traders' interest toward rentenir loans.
COMPARATIVE STUDY BETWEEN GENERAL SURGEONS AND RESIDENTS IN GENERAL SURGERY IN LAPAROSCOPIC CHOLECYSTECTOMY
Authors:   Universidad el Bosque, Pulido Jean Andre , Santafe Guerrero Marcia , Navia Sanchez Maria Paula , Castañeda Fuentes Maria Camila , Cabrera Luis Felipe , Pedraza Mauricio , Perez Carlos
Published: December 2024

Background: Laparoscopic surgery is a minimally invasive approach that has multiple advantages over open surgery, making this approach the gold standard in the management of cholelitiasis and acute cholecystitis. Currently, laparoscopic cholecystectomy is the most practiced procedure by general surgeons, and for this reason, it is important to incorporate it early in practice.

Methods: An analytical observational study was carried out comparing patients carried to laparoscopic cholecystectomy. 192 medical records of patients were reviewed that had undergone laparoscopic cholecystectomy during the study period. The first group (G1) corresponds to 4 general surgeons, the second group (G2) to 2th year residents and the third group (G3) to 4th year residents.

Results: In this study there is not direct relationship between these risks factors and the surgical outcome, showing not significant p's in case of gangrenous (p=0.81) and perforated (p=0.12) gallbladder.Also between the three groups there was no statistically significant difference in the mean hospital stay with a p value of 0.73. At the same time similar complications were shown, highlighting non-significant p values to demonstrate differences in surgical site infections (p=0.06), readmission (p=0.55), hospital stay (p=0.73), ICU stay (p=0.76) and mortality (p=0.37).

Conclusions: This study shows that laparoscopic cholecystectomy performed by second and fourth year residents is a feasible procedure, performed with the proper supervision of a specialist. Also, there is an association between early exposure to this procedure and a decrease in the operative time.
APPENDICITIS IN SITUS INVERSUS TOTALIS: CASE REPORT
Authors:   Hospital Universitario -Universidad El Bosque, Noguera Valeria , Pedraza Mauricio , Zapata Carlos Manuel , Moreno-Villamizar Daniela , Marin Andres Eduardo , Cabrera-Vargas Luis Felipe ,   Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá,   Hospital Departamental del Meta
Published: December 2024

Appendicitis associated with situs inversus is a rare condition with a basic genetic predisposition, with nonspecific symptoms that makes its diagnosis difficult, which must be approached in a special way, taking into account several factors that are discussed below to have a more detailed approach. safe. A case report is described and compared with the literature in order to determine the best management.Case report:16-year-old female patient with acute abdominal pain and a significant history of dextrocardia. In clinical evaluation, the patient presents signs of irritation, so he is taken to exploratory laparotomy with the finding of situs inversus totalis, an appendectomy is performed without additional complications.Conclusion:The acute abdomen in a patient with situs inversus totalis, is a clinical condition difficult to diagnose due to its diffuse symptoms, appendicitis should be suspected with a clinical presentation different from the conventional one.
ISOLATED ANORECTAL MALFORMATION IN TWO SIBLINGS AS CAUSE OF CHRONIC CONSTIPATION. CASE REPORT
Authors:   Universidad El Bosque, Hospital Central de la Policía Nacional, Jiménez Ivette C. , Peralta John A. ,   Universidad Militar Nueva Granada, Hospital Central de la Policía Nacional. Hospital Militar Central., Luengas Juan Pablo ,   Universidad Militar Nueva Granada, Hospital Central de la Policía Nacional. Hospital Militar Central., Peña Rafael Roberto ,   Universidad Militar Nueva Granada, Hospital Central de la Policía Nacional. Hospital Militar Central., Rincón Luis Carlos ,   Universidad Militar Nueva Granada, Hospital Central de la Policía Nacional. Hospital Militar Central.
Published: December 2024

Introduction: Anorectal malformations (ARM) are a broad spectrum of congenital malformations. ARMs can be part of a syndromic presentation or can also be sporadic / familial. Constipation has been described as one of the most frequent symptoms leading to the diagnosis of isolated and inadvertent ARM, which increases morbidity and mortality

Case presentation: We present a descriptive study (case report) of two siblings, male and female, with late diagnosis of isolated ARM with perineal fistula. Both patients have had a satisfactory recuperation as expected.

Discussion: The rate of ARM recurrence among siblings and relatives remains unknown given the limited literature reported. The late diagnosis of ARM implies high mortality and morbidity in the short and long term. For this reason, a case of two siblings, a boy, and a girl, with late diagnosis (at 2 and 5 years of age) of ARM with isolated perineal fistula is presented.

Conclusions: In patients with chronic constipation, it is mandatory to rule out ARM. Diagnosis and surgical management can be delayed in cases of isolated non-syndromic ARM. In patients with ARM with perineal or vestibular fistula, multidisciplinary and family consultation should be carried out to rule out recurrence between siblings.
IMPACT OF DIGITAL SURGICAL ILLUSTRATIONS IN SOCIAL MEDIA: A LATINOAMERICAN EXPERIENCE
Authors:   Universidad El Bosque, Forero-Ríos María Paula , Garavis-Montagut Isabella ,   Universidad El Bosque, Cabrera-Vargas Luis Felipe ,   Fundación Santa Fe
Published: December 2024

Introduction: Medical illustrations have demonstrated being useful throughout history as a fundamental tool for meaningful learning in education. The use of new technologies and digital platforms has made the learning and dissemination easier, with social media being the perfect medium for widespread distribution. This article presents the impact of digitally illustrated content posted on an academic account, focusing on general surgery.

Materials and Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted with a quantitative and qualitative analysis of Instagram reactions on the @cirbosque account for academic surgical illustrations created in Procreate and Adobe Fresco. The illustrations were published between August 25, 2021, and December 28, 2022, with an assessment of their reach.

Results: The reach of every post was determined by the number of accounts reached, totaling 27,662 accounts. Out of these, 15.168 accounts were followers, and 9.827 accounts were non-followers.

Conclusion: Medical-surgical illustrations are a tool that enhances learning about relevant topics in the surgical field and fosters communication among colleagues. By sharing them on social media, a massive dissemination can be achieved, allowing the illustrator to reach a global audience.
INTESTINAL DUPLICATION ASSOCIATED TO PERFORATION IN A PEDIATRIC PATIENT: CASE REPORT
Authors:   Universidad Militar Nueva Granada. Hospital Militar Central., Pinzón-Molina María Camila , Jimenez-Lafaurie Ivette ,   Universidad El Bosque. Hospital Central de la Policía., Peña-Fernandez Rafael Roberto ,   Universidad Militar Nueva Granada. Hospital Militar Central.
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Introduction: Intestinal duplication associated with perforation is rare in children. This malformation can present with non-specific symptoms or even asymptomatically, until it is found as an incidental finding on diagnostic images. Perforation of the duplicated segment occurs mainly in adults and requires emergency surgical intervention.

Case presentation: A 10-year-old patient was referred for suspected acute appendicitis due to generalized abdominal pain, emetic episodes, and fever, with imaging findings of a thickened tubular loop with signs of perforation associated with intra-abdominal collection, for which she was taken to laparoscopic appendectomy. A communicating loop with contained perforation was evident in the distal ileum, which required resection and end-to-end anastomosis. The pathology report confirms the diagnosis of perforated intestinal duplication.

Conclusion: Intestinal duplication is a rare pathology. In patients who present gastrointestinal symptoms with signs of an inflammatory response, it should be considered as a differential diagnosis since it may be associated with intestinal obstruction or perforation.

Keywords: Gastrointestinal tract, intestinal perforation, congenital anomalies, cyst, surgical anastomosis
Accommodating Fabrication Defects on Floquet Codes with Minimal Hardware Requirements
Authors: McLauchlan Campbell , Gehér György P. , Moylett Alexandra E.
Published: December 2024

Floquet codes are an intriguing generalisation of stabiliser and subsystem codes, which can provide good fault-tolerant characteristics while benefiting from reduced connectivity requirements in hardware. A recent question of interest has been how to run Floquet codes on devices which have defective – and therefore unusable – qubits. This is an under-studied issue of crucial importance for running such codes on realistic hardware. To address this challenge, we introduce a new method of accommodating defective qubits on a wide range of two-dimensional Floquet codes, which requires no additional connectivity in the underlying quantum hardware, no modifications to the original Floquet code's measurement schedule, can accommodate boundaries, and is optimal in terms of the number of qubits and stabilisers removed. We numerically demonstrate that, using this method, the planar honeycomb code is fault tolerant up to a fabrication defect probability of ≈12%. We find the fault-tolerant performance of this code under defect noise is competitive with that of the surface code, despite its sparser connectivity. We finally propose multiple ways this approach can be adapted to the underlying hardware, through utilising any additional connectivity available, and treating defective auxiliary qubits separately to defective data qubits. Our work therefore serves as a guide for the implementation of Floquet codes in realistic quantum hardware.
Vēstures atmiņas. Daina Bleiere sarunā ar Edgaru Engīzeru par atmiņām, atmiņu, atceri un to attiecībām ar vēstures zinātni
Authors:   Latvijas Universitāte, Bleiere Daina , Engīzers Edgars
Published: December 2024

Pēdējos gados Latvijā arvien vairāk nostiprinās atmiņu pētniecība kā patstāvīga zinātņu joma. Tomēr arī vēsturnieki turpina strādāt ar atmiņām kā būtisku vēstures avotu. Atmiņa parasti ir saistīta ar nesenās pagātnes posmu. Uz sarunu ir aicināta Latvijas Universitātes Latvijas vēstures institūta pētniece Daina Bleiere, kura savā zinātniskajā darbā pievērsusies vienam no nesenās vēstures posmiem – padomju laikam, īpašu vērību velta darbam ar atmiņām.
Incidencia de la pandemia de COVID-19 sobre el recaudo del impuesto de industria y comercio en Cúcuta (Norte de Santander) durante el periodo 2019 - 2021
Authors: Pinillos Villamizar Jesús Alexander , Morales Sandoval María Daniela , Quintero Arguello Johan Sebastián
Published: December 2024

The origin of the tax obligation for the industry and commerce tax in Colombia was established through Decree Law 1333 of 1986. At the territorial level, the municipality of Cúcuta issued Agreement 040 of 2010, which regulates the collection of this tax. The municipality’s Department of Treasury considers it the most important tax for implementing and fulfilling the development plan. However, in 2020, due to the COVID-19 pandemic, an unforeseen economic impact occurred. The aim of this study was to establish the impact of the pandemic on the collection of the industry and commerce tax in Cúcuta. A descriptive research approach was employed, focusing on the determination of qualitative variables, with a non-experimental design concerning the figures determining the tax collection. The results show a 26% decrease in 2020 compared to 2019. In conclusion, the findings indicate a decline in the collection of the industry and commerce tax as a consequence of the suspension of economic activities due to the COVID-19 pandemic.
Kewajipan Nazar (Penaakulan) dan Keharaman Taklid di Sisi Muhammad Bin Yusuf al-Sanusi Menerusi Karyanya Sharh al-ʻAqidah al-Kubra The Obligation of Nazar (Reasoning) and the Prohibition of Taqlid according to Muhammad Bin Yusuf al-Sanusi through His Work Sharh al-ʻAqidah al-Kubra
Authors: Darwi Mohd Firdaus Mohamad , Khairuddin Wan Haslan , Mahmood Abdull Rahman
Published: December 2024

This article discusses the obligation of nazar and the prohibition of taqlid according to Muhammad bin Yusuf al-Sanusi through his work Sharh al-ʻAqidah al-Kubra. The main issues highlighted are: [i] evidence and argumentation of the obligation of nazar on the side of al-Sanusi; [ii] al-Sanusi’s response to those who deny nazar; and [iii] the law of taqlid faith on the part of al-Sanusi. The writing of this article is based on a qualitative study using the content analysis method of al-Sanusi’s work entitled Sharh al-ʻAqidah al-Kubra. In addition, his other works and the works of other scholars related to the discussion are also seen to strengthen the analysis. The Qur’an’s repeated affirmation of nazar makes it a separate obligation separate from the obligation of maʻrifatullah even though the two are closely related. Iman taqlid that is empty of nazar shows the defect of maʻrifatullah. Therefore, al-Sanusi is very strict in the law of taqlid in order to guarantee the safety of the mukallaf in this world and the hereafter.
Proses Penciptaan Nabi Adam dalam Hikayat Surat Al-Anbiya’: Analisis Perbandingan Antara Tradisi Kesusasteraan Melayu Tradisional & Kisah Dalam Al-Quran The Creation Process of Prophet Adam in Hikayat Surat Al-Anbiya’: A Comparative Analysis Between Traditional Malay Literary Tradition & The Stories in The Qur’an
Authors: Zabidi Ahmad Zahiruddin Mohd , Wan Abdullah Wan Nasyrudin , Haris Abu Hanifah , Nasir Khairulnazrin
Published: December 2024

The Malay Islamic Hikayat is a genre of oral and written literature from the tradition of Traditional Malay Literature. Among the themes of this genre are stories of prophets and messengers that are told as single or group stories. Examples of unique stories in this genre include the Hikayat Nur Muhammad, Hikayat Bulan Berbelah, Hikayat Nabi Bercukur, Hikayat Nabi Mi’raj, Hikayat Nabi Wafat, Hikayat Nabi Yusuf, Hikayat Nabi Sulaiman and others. Among the stories written in this genre that collectively narrate the stories of the prophets and messengers is the story of Surat al-Anbiya’, which brings together 33 stories of the prophets and messengers in one manuscript. Although these stories are originally fables, in the religious context of the Malay Archipelago, the story of the prophets and messengers in this version of the fable has been accepted as authentic because the difference between the fable version and the Qasas Qur’ani version is not recognized. This study will discuss the development of the writing of The Malay Islamic Hikayat in the genre of stories of the Prophets and Messengers, as well as conduct content analysis and comparative analysis of the selected story, specifically the story of the creation process of Prophet Adam. The story of the events of Prophet Adam from the story of Surat al-Anbiya’ will be analyzed and compared with the story from the book Kisah Shahih Para Nabi (Sahih Qasas al-Anbiya’), the original work of Ibn Kathir (701-774H) summarized by Salim ‘Ied al-Hilali. This comparative analysis aims to identify the similarities and differences between the story of the creation of Prophet Adam in The Malay Islamic Hikayat version and the Qasas Qur’ani version. This study found that the stories attributed as revelations from Allah SWT, with the use of the term “Firman Allah” (Word of Allah) at the beginning of the story, are mostly non-Quranic verses.
التصوف الإسلامي المعاصر برؤية الطريقة الكسنزانية Contemporary Islamic Sufism from The Perspective of The Kasanzaniyyah Order
Authors: Younis Qais Abu , Asha'ari Muhamad Faisal , Abdul Ghani Mohamad Zulkifli , Mohamad Abu Dardaa
Published: December 2024

Sufism has become a focal point for researchers seeking its invaluable benefits, as it offers solutions to numerous societal problems. This study explores modern Sufism, particularly amidst the intellectual turmoil and conflicts prevalent in contemporary societies. Emphasizing modern Sufism’s ability to nurture hearts and cultivate good values and morals is crucial in such contexts. While many Sufi groups worldwide focus inwardly on the soul and heart, al-Tariqah al-Kasanzaniyyah offers a modern Sufism perspective and method capable of addressing contemporary challenges. This study aims to present the concepts adopted by al-Tariqah al-Kasanzaniyyah in treating hearts and reforming societies through its integrated Sufism approach, serving as a model for other Sufi tariqats. The researcher employed an interview as a research method to collect authentic information, including personal interviews with the Shaykh of the tariqah and its students. In addition, the descriptive-analysis method is used to analyze the writings about Tariqah al-Kasanzaniyyah and the teachings of the shaykh. The study concludes that Sufism, according to Shaykh Muhammad al-Muhammad al-Kasanzan, aims to fulfill the objectives of the Muhammadiyah message at all life levels, from individuals to society, thereby achieving the essence of the Islamic message and spreading goodness, mercy, and love for all humanity.
Ma’rifatullah of Ibn ‘Ata’illah in the Face of ‘The Peak Experience’ of Abraham Maslow
Authors: Ihsan Nur Hadi , Mudin Moh. Isom , Rohman Abdul
Published: December 2024

When a person achieves their life’s principal goal, they feel happier. They experience a diverse psychological condition compared to the average individual, reaching the culmination of their experience at that point. Within the Islamic heritage, particularly in Sufism, the pinnacle aim is ma‘rifatullah. The Sufi Ibn ‘Ata’illah has extensively discussed the idea of ma‘rifatullah. Meanwhile, Abraham Maslow’s concept of the peak experience has gained widespread acceptance in Western psychology. This paper explores the similarities and differences between these two concepts, comparing ma‘rifatullah with the peak experience. Data for this paper was collected using documentary techniques. The authors employ a descriptive, content-analytic comparative method to analyze these issues. This research is conducted within the discipline of psychology, utilizing a Sufi approach. The study concludes that there are both parallels and contrasts between these concepts. The similarity lies in the ecstatic condition experienced by the individual. However, the discrepancies are substantial, primarily due to the differences in the underlying worldviews. Ma‘rifatullah is based on a revelation-based Islamic worldview, while the peak experience is grounded in a Western worldview based on secular humanism.
The Influence of Spiritual Factors on Business Survival of Asnaf Entrepreneurs in Malaysia
Authors: Ali Nor Aini , Sarif Suhaili , Kamri Nor `Azzah
Published: December 2024

The Covid-19 pandemic and the enforcement of the Movement Control Order (MCO) in Malaysia adversely affected many entrepreneurs including business owners who received zakat assistance. Amidst the challenges, many of them managed to survive and remained strongly motivated. This article hence aims to analyze the spiritual factors that help asnaf entrepreneurs (eligible zakat recipients) during the Covid-19 pandemic to remain in business. A qualitative study was used in this research by interviewing a total of 46 asnaf entrepreneurs from three zakat institutions. The respondents were selected via purposive and snowball sampling methods. The findings of the study show that spiritual factors such as iman, amanah, perseverance, tawakkal and ihsan have significantly influenced the morale and development of asnaf entrepreneurs. Therefore, it is suggested that zakat institutions should not provide their recipients with merely financial assistance, but also non-material spiritual enhancement support such as motivational courses and advisory. Such programs will help asnaf entrepreneurs to uplift their spirit, especially during challenging times.
Theological Reflections: A Comparative Study of Tafsir al-Tabari and Ginzberg’s The Legends of The Jews on Prophet Ibrahim (PBUH)’S Fiery Furnace Miracle Narratives
Authors: AlJahsh Muhammad Ahmad Ibrahim
Published: December 2024

This study investigates the narratives of Prophet Ibrahim’s Fiery Furnace Miracle in Islamic and Jewish traditions, focusing on Tafsir al-Tabari and Ginzberg’s The Legends of the Jews. Through a comparative and analytical approach, the research aims to identify similarities and differences in the theological precepts and ethical lessons presented in these sources as well as explore the potential influence of Islamic sources on Ginzberg’s work. The findings reveal that the Qur’anic narrative, as elucidated in Tafsir al-Tabari, maintains its superiority by presenting a concise and focused account of the events, emphasizing the core message of faith, trust in God, and submission to His will. The study also investigates the interconnectedness of religious traditions, highlighting the significance of historical and cultural contexts in shaping religious narratives. The results highlight the potential of comparative studies to foster a greater understanding and appreciation of narratives shared between faiths, and they emphasize the importance of recognizing the interconnectedness of religious traditions in promoting interfaith dialogue and cooperation.
Ritual and Sprituality: The Tradition of the Tariqah Naqshabandiyyah Khalidiyyah Jalaliyyah in Indonesia
Authors: Rosidi Imron , - Masduki , - Ginda , - Arwan , - Darusman , Antin Titi , - Miftahuddin
Published: December 2024

The Sufi Order, known as tariqah, played a significant role during the initial Islamization period in Indonesia, further solidifying the distinct identity of Islam in the country. However, compared to other mainstream Islamic organizations like Nahdlatul Ulama and Muhammadiyah, tariqah has received relatively little study. In light of recent developments in Indonesia, particularly the conservative turn in Indonesian Islam, there is an increased significance in studying tariqah. This is because it provides insights into the diversity within Indonesian Islam, highlighting that the phenomenon of the conservative turn is not monolithic. Through observation and interviews, this article explores the rituals of the tariqah Naqshabandiyyah Khalidiyyah Jalaliyyah, which are routinely conducted based on Sufi spiritual concepts such as purification, admission, and illumination. These phases aim to enhance the spirituality of tariqah members through moral purification. This underscores that the essence of the ritual is to gradually and cumulatively improve the spiritual quality of its members. The transformation from one phase to another reflects the caliber of its members, ultimately leading to the attainment of the perfect man, a concept describing spiritual perfection for both worldly life and the hereafter.
Searching for Islamic Perspectives on Livelihood Theory: Insights from Al-Ghazali and Al-Shaybani
Authors: Possumah Bayu Taufiq
Published: December 2024

The main purpose of this study is to explore livelihood theory in the works of al-Ghazali and al-Shaybani, presenting it as an alternative to mainstream livelihood conceptions by highlighting its normative impacts on current socio-economic situations. Through textual evidence, this study demonstrates that both scholars viewed livelihood not merely as a means to income and consumption, a perspective that fails to grasp the importance of livelihood as an end in itself and as a means to well-being. Al-Ghazali and al-Shaybani emphasized that livelihood involves affiliating individuals with social responsibilities, which encompass multidimensional variables (religious, legal, moral, political, social, economic, etc.) that influence each other. In light of this, the study proposes to evaluate the potential impact of their ideas on the latest theoretical developments in livelihood and economic science.
Precedent Names as a Way of Actualisation of the Key Aspects of 20th-Century German Culture in the Novel by Bernhard Schlink “Olga”
Authors:   Samara University, Blinova Yuliya A.
Published: December 2024

In studying fictional discourse, the phenomenon of precedent as a manifestation of intertextuality grants us access to intertextual space containing precedent texts of linguoculture, as well as to the concepts in linguoculture. As the material for our research we have chosen the novel “Olga” (2018) by Bernhard Schlink (born in 1944), which covers a significant period of German history, since 1870 until the end of the 20th century, reflecting the worldview of several generations and a value system encoded in aesthetic forms. Analysis of precedent onomasticon of the novel has revealed that the sources, forming the worldview and intertextual experience of an educated bearer of German linguoculture of the late 19th century and the first half of the 20th century are biblical texts, the Catechism, core texts from ancient literature, travel novels, works of F. Nietzcshe and classical German authors. Precedent mythonyms in the novel actualize the concepts of GLORY and EDUCATION, while onyms of biblical origin actualise the concept of FAITH. The names of Nietzsche and Bismarck play the role of image names for ÜBERMENSCH concept. The names of famous explorers and the names of the authors of travel novels represent the concept of LOST IDEALIST and the derivative WANDERLUST concept.