bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
EXPERIMENTAL AND NUMERICAL ASSESSMENT OF A LAST STAGE ST BLADE DAMPING AT LOW LOAD OPERATION
Authors: Bessone Andrea , Carassale Luigi , Guida Roberto , Kubín Zdeněk , Lo Balbo Antonio Alfio , Brunenghi Michela Marrè , Pinelli Lorenzo
Published: February 2019

As LP steam turbines are requested to work at strong part-loads, LSB stalled and unstalled flutter may occur. Testing on a downscaled steam turbine in T10MW test plant have been carried out to measure LSB aggregated damping at low load. Also numerical analysis to predict aerodynamic damping have been performed and results have been compared to experimental data, allowing software tool validation at low load.
Textile treasures in the reliquary chest of Princess Santa Joana
Authors: Mota Maria João
Published: February 2019

This article brings to light the results of a study undertaken on two textile objects which, according to tradition, are identified as the scapular and the tunic that belonged to the Dominican habit of Princess Santa Joana. Considered relics since the death of the princess (1490), they were stored in 1701 in a specially designed reliquary chest made of silver and crystal. The whole investigation was carried out on archival sources and published literature related to the worship of Princess Santa Joana, which begun immediately after her death. In order to contextualize the historical objects and their function, a brief introduction about the importance and meaning of the relics is made, while individualizing the worship of the relics in the Jesus de Aveiro Convent – especially those directly related with Princess Santa Joana. Therefore, this article gathers the conclusions achieved with the collected historical information and from the thorough examination of the textile objects.
Smart Tourism: Concepts and Insights from Central Europe
Authors: Gajdošík Tomáš
Published: February 2019

Nowadays, tourism sector needs to adapt to a very fast changing environment and stronger competitiveness. Smart tourism describes the current stage of tourism development influenced by the evolution of information technologies and is becoming a promising way how to face the new market conditions. The aim of the paper is to review the conceptual foundations of smart tourism and to analyse the development of smart tourism initiative in Central Europe, specifically in Slovakia. The paper adopts an exploratory multiple case study methodology, focusing on information technologies used by Central European tourists, willingness of data sharing and the use of the state-of-the-art technologies in tourism businesses. Moreover, the smart concept is examined based on the (SA)6 framework in three tourism destinations. The paper concludes that smart tourism should not be the ultimate goal, but with the help of technology, innovation, and cooperation, it should bring better tourist experience, wellbeing of residents, enhance effectiveness and competitiveness of businesses and destinations, and lead to overall competitive sustainability.
The spread of alien species along the touristic routes of the Słowiński National Park
Authors: Krzyżanowska Anastazja , Tomczyk Przemysław Piotr , Pruszkowska-Przybylska Paulina , Zielińska Katarzyna Maria
Published: February 2019

Touristic routes have a great meaning for the spread of alien species through the protected areas like national parks. The aim of the study was to assess the spread of the chosen species along the different kinds of touristic routes of the Słowiński National Park and asphalt roads lying in the direct vicinity of the Park, in its protective zone. The presence of 108 localities of eight alien species were recorded (Padus serotina, Quercus rubra, Acer negundo, Robinia pseudoacacia from woody species and Conyza canadensis, Impatiens parviflora, Juncus tenuis and Oxalis fontana from herbaceous plants). The localities of the woody plants were found in areas where they were formerly deliberately planted or near routes leading to such areas. All of the analysed woody plants can be the source of ecological threat and should be actively removed. Interestingly, regarding herbaceous plants, the species which according to literature are not a threat to untransformed habitats – Juncus tenuis and Oxalis fontana – were noted quite commonly. Their populations should be monitored. The populations of Impatiens parviflora, classified to the IV class of invasiveness and Conyza canadensis, which can invade sand dunes, should be destroyed as soon as possible till they occupy small areas.
Modeling of the Adsorption/Desorption Characteristics and Properties of Anthocyanins from Extruded Red Cabbage Juice by Macroporous Adsorbent Resin
Authors: Zhang Pingjing , Wang Liping , Fang Sheng
Published: February 2019

The adsorption/desorption characteristics, modeling and properties of anthocyanins from extruded red cabbage juice by macroporous resins were investigated. The static adsorption and desorption capacities of red cabbage anthocyanins on five macroporous resins were measured and compared. The X-5 resin showed the best capacities and was selected for the adsorption kinetics, isotherms and elution studies. The pseudo-second-order kinetic model and Langmuir isotherm model were used to describe the adsorption process and mechanism. Dynamic adsorption and desorption tests were performed on a fixed-bed column, and the loading and eluent conditions were optimized. The purity of anthocyanins in freeze-dried purified powder by the resin adsorption process is 21.3 ± 0.9 wt % and shows better stability in the air than the unpurified one. Finally, the antioxidant activity and color properties including color density, color intensity, color tonality and degradation index of the purified powders were measured.
12-Week aerobic exercise and nutritional program minimized the presence of the 64Arg allele on insulin resistance
Authors: Milano-Gai Gerusa E. , Furtado-Alle Lupe , Mota Jorge , Lazarotto Leilane , Milano Gisele E. , de Souza Lehtonen Ricardo R. , Titski Ana C.K. , Jesus Íncare C. , Tureck Luciane V. , Radominski Rosana B. , Coelho-e-Silva Manuel João , Leite Neiva
Published: February 2019

Background:

The objective of the study was to investigate the response of 64Arg allele carriers of the ADRB3 gene (Trp64Arg polymorphism) in the anthropometric, cardiorespiratory and metabolic variables in overweight adolescents after a 12-week aerobic exercise and nutritional program.

Methods:

A total of 92 overweight adolescents, 10–16 years old and of both genders, participated. Body composition, waist circumference (WC), pubertal stage status, blood pressure, glucose, insulin and lipid profile and direct maximal oxygen uptake were assessed at baseline and after 12 weeks of a training program. The homeostasis metabolic assessments [homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR)] and quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (QUICKI) were determined and the Trp64Arg polymorphism of the ADRB3 gene was investigated by Taqman single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotyping assays. Exercise sessions consisted of 100-min aerobic exercise and 20-min stretching, 3 times a week, totalizing 36 sessions. Multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA), analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) and effect size were used for variables, with p<0.05 considered significant.

Results:

In baseline, HOMA-IR was higher in carriers of the 64Arg allele and decreased more after 12 weeks than in non-carriers (p=0.01). The anthropometric, physical fitness and metabolic profiles had similar responses after training in carriers and non-carriers.

Conclusions:

Overweight adolescents present changes in body composition and physical fitness, independent of Trp64Arg genotypes. However, a 12-week aerobic exercise and nutritional program promoted greater reductions in insulin resistance in carriers of the 64Arg allele.
Growth of patients with congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 21-hydroxylase in infancy, glucocorticoid requirement and the role of mineralocorticoid therapy
Authors: Sellick Jack , Aldridge Sarah , Thomas Matthew , Cheetham Tim
Published: February 2019

Background

The dose of hydrocortisone therapy required to maintain normal growth in infants with congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency is lower than in later childhood. This reflects the presence of excess non-aromatisable rather than aromatisable androgen but there has been relatively little focus on the role of mineralocorticoid therapy.

Methods

Growth data of infants with CAH due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency (2008–2016) were reviewed and information regarding hydrocortisone and fludrocortisone regimen was collected. Change in height standard deviation (SD) and height velocity standard deviation score (SDS) were analysed during the first year of life.

Results

Growth data from 13 children (8 M) were analysed. Height (length) declined from a median of −0.69 SD at 3 months to −1.23 SD at 12 months with a reduction in height velocity SDS from 0.02 between 3 and 6 months to −2.22 between 9 and 12 months (p=0.017) despite a hydrocortisone dose at the lower end of the range as recommended in consensus guidelines. The glucocorticoid activity of hydrocortisone and fludrocortisone was negatively associated with growth velocity (r=−0.55; p=0.049) although renin activity was not suppressed.

Conclusions

Infants with 21-hydroxylase deficiency can be managed with replacement hydrocortisone. The reasons for this paradigm are now understood although our data confirm that the glucocorticoid activity of fludrocortisone needs to be taken into consideration as well.
Lp–Error Bounds of Two and Three–Point Quadrature Rules For Riemann–Stieltjes Integrals
Authors: Alomari Mohammad W. , Guessab Allal
Published: February 2019

In this work,Lp-error estimates of general two and three point quadrature rules for Riemann-Stieltjes integrals are given. The presented proofs depend on new triangle type inequalities of Riemann-Stieltjes integrals.
Crystal structure of bis(5-methoxy-2-(((2-oxidoethyl)imino)methyl)phenolate-κ3
O,N,O′)manganes(IV), C20H22N2O6Mn
Authors: Cuihong Zhang , Xiaohu Wei , Liguo Yang , Zhenzhen He , Xin Li , Zongcheng Miao
Published: February 2019

C20H22N2O6Mn, orthorhombic, Pccn (no. 56), a = 14.1678(16) Å, b = 14.3469(18) Å, c = 19.335(2) Å, V = 3930.1(8) Å3, Z = 8, R
gt(F) = 0.0504, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1441, T = 293(2) K.
On the Design of Maze Wanderer Robot
Authors: Abdulhamid Mohanad , Maritim Kibet
Published: February 2019

This paper focuses on designing, programming and implementing a maze wonderer robot that takes the commands to dictate its direction of motion based on the obstacle avoidance. A program is to be written to give the robot its intelligence. The paper will as well be restricted to a motorized car which will be given the intelligence to be able to navigate through a given maze.
Analytical Determination of Residual Stresses from Surface Topography Created by Laser Cutting Technology
Authors: Šafář Marek , Harničárová Marta , Kušnerová Milena , Valíček Jan
Published: February 2019

This paper describes a numerical modeling method that utilizes stress equations derived from surface topography created by laser cutting technology. The explanatory ability of the geometric phenomena of the created surface topography is an essential analytical tool for the physical-mathematical formulation of the principle of laser cutting processes. As experimental meaterial was used structural steel of type S355J0 and CP-Ti Grade 2. A cutting machine from Prima Industry - ZAPHIRO / CV5000 was used. The new derived relations for the determination of the residual stress were determined and verified by experiment. The objective of this paper is to contribute to the understanding of process-related stresses and deformations generated by laser cutting technology, particularly by ultrasound testing of stress inside the material and significantly influenced by surface topography.
Mechanical Properties and Their Quantification Particularly When Transiting from Elastic to Plastic State on Materials Cut by AWJ
Authors: Šafář Marek , Harničárová Marta , Kušnerová Milena , Valíček Jan
Published: February 2019

Mechanical behaviour of materials during and after cutting process is depended on various factors. Surface topography is set of factors including mechanical and geometrical properties. From the surface topography, it is possible to resolve the transition from ideally elastic to quasi-elastic and plastic stress-strain states, particularly by finding a neutral plane of cut, where the compressive and tensile components are still in equilibrium. The paper solves the problem of the nonexistence of a new method for calculation of dynamics of stress-deformation states of deformation tool-material systems including the construction of stress-strain diagrams. The presented solution focuses on explaining the mechanical behavior of materials after cutting by abrasive waterjet technology (AWJ) which is a flexible tool accurately responding to the mechanical resistance of the material according to the accurately determined shape and roughness of machined surfaces. Theoretical results were compared by a certified laboratory VUHZ.
Egy volt pécsi hadapród a világháborúban
Authors: Szoleczky Emese , Sallay Gergely Pál
Published: February 2019

Szoleczky Lászlóról, akinek az alábbiakban megkíséreljük rekonstruálni katonai pályafutását, vajmi kevés adatot, dokumentumot őrzött meg a családi emlékezet. Fiatal családapaként, élete virágjában, váratlanul halt meg; egyenruhája, kitüntetései még a két világháború közt elkallódtak, a második világégés nem kímélte írásos hagyatékát sem. Sajnálatos módon a katonai alakulatokról, ahol szolgált, nem készült emlékkönyv, alma matere irattára Pécs szerb megszállása során megsemmisült. Ezért töredékekből, hírmorzsákból kényszerülünk rekonstruálni az életutat. Néhány kósza fénykép, egy-két hivatalos iratmásolat – néhány kitüntetésre felterjesztő javaslat maradt fent, s az azokból kiolvasott információk engednek következtetni egykori tartózkodási helyeire –, valamint a Hadtörténelmi Levéltárban megőrzött személyi akta, az ezred-iratanyagok, világháborús összefoglaló művek és a korabeli sajtó az, amelyre támaszkodva felidézhetjük emlékét.
Militarizált szex: katonák, prostitúció, nemi betegségek a Nagy Háborúban
Authors: Forrai Judit
Published: February 2019

Since ever, it was a serious problem of military leaderships to manage the soldiers’ sexual demands and practice, generally speaking, their relationship with women and as a consequence to treat the sexually transmitted infectious diseases. It was a serious problem especially in prolonged campaigns. In all kind of warfare, there is a close tripartite interrelation of sex, prostitution and venereal diseases among the military personnel. Nevertheless managing them as a complex issue shows a wide range of varieties in specific historic periods.  
The military way of thinking and policy do definitely not resemble the circumstances, expectations and paradigms of the usual civil life-style. Military tasks and law enforcement are more rigorous than the civil ones for the tasks to be achieved are commended, typically in a relentless way and controlled continuously.  
Stages of development, movements, steps and commandments presented here indicate clearly the eternity of this topic and a wide range of solutions, depending on the actual historic era of sciences, politics, and behavioural patterns.  
The Great War induced substantial changes in the military way of thinking. In the wake of spreading sexually transmitted diseases, there were established field brothels by the military supply system with painstaking regulations. The present study shows the history of these facilities.
A háború pillangói
Authors: Majdán Mira
Published: February 2019

Az első világháború centenáriumi megemlékezéseinek sorába illeszkedően még 2016-ban nyílt meg először ez az igen izgalmas és nagy érdeklődést vonzó tárlat a kecskeméti Katona József Múzeum szervezésében. Eredeti kiállítóhelyén komoly port kavart a tárlat létrehozása, sokan ugyanis nem voltak meggyőződve arról, hogy ez a téma múzeumba illő lenne. 
Holott a fegyveres konfliktusok és a prostitúció kapcsolata, összefüggései régóta vitathatatlanok, és évtizedek óta neves történészek foglalkoznak a kérdéskörrel Magyarországon is. Szerencsére a tárlat Pécsre érkezését semmilyen elítélő hangulat nem övezte, így a Király utcai patinás kiállítóhelyünkön, a Vasváry-házban kaphatott helyet március és június vége között. 
Fotó: Füzi István
New Optimized Numerical Solution of Interfacial Stresses in Steel Strengthened Structures with CFRP
Authors: Belabed Youssouf , Kerboua Bachir , Tarfaoui Mostapha
Published: February 2019

Fiber-reinforced polymers (FRPs) are widely used in many structural applications, such as rehabilitating and reinforcing different structures that are subjected to risks of external damage, because of their excellent material properties. However, this technique leads to a delamination problem, which is a failure mode that occurs between the FRP patch and the retrofitted structure and is caused by the interfacial stress concentration in the adhesive layer, thereby reducing the effectiveness of this reinforcement technique. Thus, the objective of this research is to investigate the taper effect of multilayer FRP patch on the reduction of the interfacial stresses, including fiber orientation and shear-lag effect, while thermo-mechanical loads are applied. An analytical model is developed to predict the interfacial stresses in the adhesively patched structures with FRP. A numerical simulation using finite element method is also employed to validate the results from the analytical analysis. Finally, a parametric study is carried out in order to determine the influence of each parameter and to determine the optimal configurations.
O Guia Global da Cidade Amiga do Idoso: sustentabilidade e contribuições do design
Authors: Porto Camila Feldberg , Rezende Edson José Carpintero
Published: February 2019

O aumento da população idosa em todo o mundo e o processo de urbanização pelo qual as cidades passam levaram a Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS) a criar o Guia Global da Cidade Amiga do Idoso. No guia constam questões trazidas pelos idosos das primeiras 33 cidades onde ele foi aplicado. Neste estudo, foram considerados os aspectos da sustentabilidade social e as possíveis contribuições do design. Por meio de uma revisão da literatura sobre sustentabilidade e design, realizou-se uma análise dos tópicos “espaços abertos e prédios”, “transporte” e “moradia” dentre os oito preconizados pelo guia e foi possível identificar que as necessidades dos idosos refletem um desejo por sustentabilidade que pode ser amparado pelo design universal.
The Think&EatGreen@School Small Grants Initiative: How the Distribution of Resources Supported the Project’s Community of Learners and Contributed to Community Engaged Scholarship
Authors: Orrego Elena , Kemshaw Matthew , Read Nicole , Rojas Alejandro
Published: February 2019

This paper describes how a Small Grants initiative evolved to support the aims of a large, multi-sector community-university research project. It explores how the giving of small amounts of project funding to community groups enabled a deepening of community engaged scholarship across a large community-university research alliance. We present the Think&EatGreen@School Small Grants initiative as a case study on how the distribution of small amounts of funding can encourage the role of community voices in research, create opportunities for resource and knowledge sharing, generate rich information and valuable data, support and contribute to networks of support and resource sharing, and articulate the interests of a broad diversity of stakeholders.
Acknowledgements
Authors: Journal Engaged Scholar
Published: February 2019

The quality of our Journal depends on scholarly collaboration between the two groups of scholars: the authors, and the anonymous peer-reviewers. We thank both groups for their interest in and support of our Journal. We are especially grateful to the peer-reviewers listed below, who reviewed submissions to the current issue (Volume 3, Issue 2), for their time and commitment to excellent scholarship.
Developing an Evaluation Capacity Building Network in the Field of Early Childhood Development
Authors: Gokiert Rebecca , Kingsley Bethan , Poth Cheryl , Edwards Karen , El Hassar Btissam , Tink Lisa , Tremblay Melissa , Cor Ken , Springett Jane , Hopkins Susan
Published: February 2019

This reflective essay traces the development of an evaluation capacity building network within the early childhood development field. First, we describe the context for building the network using a community-based participatory approach and provide rationale for our specific focus on early childhood development. Second, we provide an explanation of the purpose and processes involved in three areas of significant engagement: partner, stakeholder, and student. We reflect on the methods of engagement used across these three areas and their impact on the outcomes that we achieved. Finally, we conclude the paper with some final considerations for guiding engaged scholars and with the next steps in our own work.
How are Educational Researchers Interacting with End-users to Increase Impact?
Authors: Cooper Amanda
Published: February 2019

There has been increased interest in how researchers might collaborate with end users to increase the impact of their work. In Canada, efforts to extend research impact beyond academia are called knowledge mobilization (KMb). This study surveyed SSHRC- funded educational researchers to assess their KMb efforts in relation to three areas: stakeholder engagement (target audience and frequency of interaction), dissemination mechanisms (intermediaries, networks, media, online tools), and research impact (research-related, service/practice, policy, societal). Findings: 70% of researchers reported regularly interacting with target audiences. Types of interactions included getting to know target audiences (71%), discussing research results (65%), and dedicating resources for capacity building (45%). Researchers reported impacts in relation to research (76%), service/practice (67%), and policy (35%), and societal impacts (35%). Researchers felt very well prepared to create plain language summaries of their work (54%), and collaborate with stakeholders (45%), but much less prepared to deal with media (32%), work with intermediaries (22%), or use technology to disseminate their work (16%). Implications for engaged scholarship are articulated in five areas: prioritization and co-production; packaging and push; facilitating pull; exchange; and improving climate for research use by building demand.
Ulàpeitök: Using Bribri Indigenous Teachings to Develop a Ph.D. Research Methodology
Authors: Sylvester Olivia , Segura Alí García
Published: February 2019

Although there is a growing interest in Indigenous research, education regarding how to put Indigenous research into practice is not often part of academic training. To increase the awareness of how Indigenous methodologies can be applied to academic research, we describe how we used Bribri Indigenous teachings to develop a Ph.D. research methodology for a food security project in Costa Rica. Our research approach was based on a Bribri concept related to cooperation, ulàpeitök; this concept guided our work and helped to reduce the negative consequences associated with conventional research with Indigenous people (e.g., extractive practices, reinforcement of gender inequality, misrepresenting cultural information). We identified three considerations that may be useful for other scholars applying Indigenous teachings to academic research: 1) build flexibility into the entire research program, 2) ensure that community-level and university-level researchers are willing to play multiple roles beyond those associated with conventional research, and 3) proceed with an ethic of friendship. Our work is relevant to scholars working in Indigenous/non-Indigenous research teams that aim to transform conventional research approaches to ensure that they support human rights, equity, and cultural continuity. In Costa Rica, our research is specifically relevant to building wider acceptance of Indigenous methodologies in higher education.
Relationship, Accountability, Justice: A Conversation about Community-Engaged Research
Authors: Buhler Sarah , Delanoy Sue , Dodge Amanda , Johnson Chantelle , Mercredi Jason , Peters Heather , Tu’Inukuafe Stan
Published: February 2019

In 2015, a coalition of six Saskatoon community organizations (the Elizabeth Fry Society of Saskatchewan, AIDS Saskatoon, STR8 UP 10,000 Little Steps to Healing, Inc., the Mennonite Central Committee, the Micah Mission, and Community Legal Assistance Services for Saskatoon Inner City [CLASSIC])1 and a university researcher (Sarah Buhler from the University of Saskatchewan College of Law) came together to address the issue of telephone access in Saskatchewan’s provincial correctional centres. Together we established an informal research coalition that we called “Project Access.” The issue of telephone access in provincial prisons had been identified by the six community organizations through their ongoing work with prisoners and former prisoners. Specific concerns included the exorbitant costs of the prison telephone system and unfair and uneven application of policies regarding telephone access. As we met to discuss the issue, it became clear to us that in order to advocate effectively for changes to the system, we needed to research the issue and to learn more about the ways the current telephone access policies were being implemented in provincial prisons.
Community Service-Learning in Canada: One Size Does Not Fit All
Authors: Kahlke Renate , Taylor Alison
Published: February 2019

Community service-learning (CSL) is increasingly seen as an educational approach that can enhance student engagement and serve community needs. However, CSL programs are highly variable in their structures and goals, leading to variability in the outcomes sought and attained. In this paper, we map out the structures and priorities of CSL programs in Canada following a major influx of funding from the McConnell Family Foundation grant competition in 2004. We also contrast key features of these programs, including their institutional location, unit organization, and educational delivery approach, in order to demonstrate the potential implications of different program models. Our aim is to offer new and developing programs some guidance on the program structures that have been employed as well as their implications.
Establishing the Roots of Community Service-Learning in Canada: Advocating for a Community First Approach
Authors: Aujla Wendy , Hamm Zane
Published: February 2019

This article explores the roots of the Canadian community service-learning (CSL) movement through a comparative discussion of service-learning in Canada and the United States. The article provides a brief overview of CSL’s historical foundations in both countries, addressing especially how differences in CSL funding infrastructure have distinctly shaped the movement in each country. While national funding bodies and nation-wide institutionalization remain central to CSL in the U.S., Canada’s CSL efforts have predominantly been shaped by the efforts of private foundations and grassroots community agents. This essay analyzes the obstacles and problems currently within Canadian CSL, but also provides recommendations around documentation, sustainability, and the future of CSL in Canada, including the recommendation to maintain a community first approach in Canadian CSL. As it considers how the influence of the United States continues to shape CSL in Canada, and how the two national movements remain distinct from one another, we hope this examination will contribute an historical perspective to scholarship on Canadian CSL and will offer entry points to engage in critical conversations on the emergence of the field.
Community Service-Learning in a Large Introductory Sociology Course: Reflections on the Instructional Experience
Authors: Grekul Jana , Aujla Wendy , Eklics Greg , Manca Terra , York Ashley Elaine , Aylsworth Laura
Published: February 2019

This paper reports on a pilot project that involved the incorporation of Community Service-Learning (CSL) into a large Introductory Sociology class by drawing on the critical reflections of the six graduate student instructors and the primary instructor who taught the course. Graduate student instructors individually facilitated weekly seminars for about 30 undergraduate students, half of which participated in CSL, completing 20 hours of volunteer work with a local non-profit community organization. We discuss the benefits of incorporating CSL into a large Introductory Sociology class and speculate on the value of our particular course format for the professional development of graduate student instructors. A main finding was the critical importance to graduate students of formal and informal training and collaboration prior to and during the delivery of the course. Graduate students found useful exposure to CSL as pedagogical theory and practice, and appreciated the hands-on teaching experience. Challenges with this course structure include the difficulty of seamlessly incorporating CSL student experiences into the class, dealing with the “CSL”/ “non CSL” student division, and the nature of some of the CSL placements. We conclude by discussing possible methods for dealing with these challenges.
From “Academic Projectitis” to Partnership: Community Perspectives for Authentic Community Engagement in Health Professional Education
Authors: Kline Cathy , Asadian Wafa , Godolphin William , Graham Scott , Hewitt Cheryl , Towle Angela
Published: February 2019

Health professional education (HPE) has taken a problem-based approach to community service-learning with good intentions to sensitize future health care professionals to community needs and serve the underserved. However, a growing emphasis on social responsibility and accountability has educators rethinking community engagement. Many institutions now seek to improve community participation in educational programs. Likewise, many Canadians are enthusiastic about their health care system and patients, who are “experts by lived experience,” value opportunities to “give back” and improve health care by taking an active role in the education of health professionals. We describe a community-based participatory action research project to develop a mechanism for community engagement in HPE at the University of British Columbia (UBC). In-depth interviews and a community dialogue with leaders from 18 community-based organizations working with vulnerable populations revealed the shared common interest of the community and university in the education of health professionals. Patients and community organizations have a range of expertise that can help to prepare health practitioners to work in partnership with patients, communities, and other professionals. Recommendations are presented to enhance the inclusion of community expertise in HPE by changing the way the community and university engage with each other.
The Future of Community Service-Learning in Canada
Authors: Briggs Geri
Published: February 2019

Anchored by the question of what is needed for community service-learning (CSL) to continue to grow in Canada, this paper proposes three principles for effective campus-community engagement (CCE): 1) communities need to feel ownership of community-campus partnerships; 2) post-secondary institutions need to make the route to engagement clearer and easier to navigate for their communities; and 3) post-secondary institutions need to ensure infrastructure to support students, staff, faculty, and community involved in CCE. Aspiring toward better futures for CSL in this country, the author offers possible solutions for and approaches to CCE based on her observations, reflections, knowledge, and experience as former Director of the Canadian Alliance for Community Service-Learning (CACSL).
Community-University Partnerships for Social Justice: An Interview with Joan Kuyek
Authors: Kuyek Joan , Styvendale Nancy Van
Published: February 2019

In this section, co-editor of this issue Nancy Van Styvendale interviews Joan Kuyek, an Ontario-based social and environmental justice activist with nearly fifty years of experience as a community organizer and educator. The interview discusses the realities, challenges, and benefits of such community-university partnerships, including the more specific experience of working with faculty and students involved in community service-learning (CSL).
STANDARDISATION OF PAPER BASED PCR FOR DETECTION OF BACTERIA USING 16S rRNA GENE
Authors: Lokur Anushree , Late Surabhi , Apte-Deshpande Anjali
Published: February 2019

Reliable procedures are necessary to preserve, transport and test clinical, water or food samples, frequently requiring a challenging and costly cold chain to be in place. Effective disease surveillance or detection is thus severely hampered in resource-limited settings, such as those currently present in rural India, where procedures for appropriate laboratory based detection are suboptimal. Hence the recent scientific research is been focused to develop laboratory techniques/devices that can be applied in point of care settings. Point-of care (POC) techniques are getting increasingly popular, due to the advantages provided by them like ease of use, variety of applications, cost effectiveness and ease of disposal. This study deals with the standardization of method for microbial detection from sample collected on filter paper by direct amplification of a gene using PCR. Bacterial presence in a sample is confirmed by amplification of 16S rRNA gene as a proof of concept. 16S rRNA gene detection directly from sample spotted on Whatman filter paper no.3 without any pre-treatment to extract DNA is demonstrated, which is different from the currently practiced methods that include an additional step of DNA extraction from the paper. Robustness of the method was tested using Gram positive and Gram negative bacterial cultures and the sensitivity of detection on Whatman filter paper no. 3 was found to be 40-50 cells.
PRODUCTION OF INTERLEUKIN 1BETA AND INTERFERON GAMMA BY BOVINE MAMMARY GLAND LEUKOCYTES STIMULATED BY LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE
Authors: Kabourkova Eliska , Mika Matej , Pavlik Ales , Slama Petr
Published: February 2019

The aim of this trial was to investigate the production of the pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin 1beta (IL-1β) and interferon gamma (IFN-γ) produced by bovine mammary gland leukocytes following lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenge (5 µg LPS of Escherichia coli in 20 ml of PBS) or PBS (20 ml) as a control. The leukocytes were obtained by mammary gland lavage 1, 2, 3, and 7 days following the stimulation. The concentration levels of these cytokines were analyzed by sandwich ELISA. Eight clinically healthy crossbred heifers (Holstein x Czech Pied) were selected for this study. The heifers were group housed in a tie-stall barn and fed a total mixed diet. Higher average number of leukocytes (P
IMPACT OF PROCESSING ON PROXIMATE COMPOSITION AND MEDICINAL PROPERTIES OF MUCUNA SANJAPPAE SEEDS: A FUNCTIONAL FOOD
Authors: Patil Ravishankar , Vyavahare Govind , Aware Chetan , Bapat Vishwas , Niranjana Murthy Hosakatte , Jadhav Jyoti
Published: February 2019

Mucuna sanjappae seeds are conventionally used as food and medicine in the Western Ghats of India. It possesses good nutritional value with higher level of anti-Parkinson’s drug L-DOPA (10.81 g/100g). But, presence of anti-nutritional compounds hardens its preferential use as a food of choice. In the present study, the effect of various commonly used processing methods (soaking, autoclaving, roasting, soaking plus autoclaving and soaking plus roasting) on L-DOPA, nutritional, anti-nutritional factors, antioxidant activity (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl and ferric reducing/antioxidant power assay) and anti-inflammatory activity was determined. RP-HPLC analysis of processed MS beans showed significant reduction of L-DOPA (p
EVALUATION OF THE GLUTEN-FREE BAKERY PRODUCTS CONSUMPTION IN RELATION TO HYPERTENSION AS RISK FACTOR FOR CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE
Authors: Kolesárová Anna , Gažarová Martina , Kopčeková Jana , Mrázová Jana , Zeleňáková Lucia
Published: February 2019

The gluten-free products market represents one of the most prosperous markets in the field of food and beverages in the immediate future. The aim of our study was to evaluate the effect of the gluten-free bakery products consumption on hypertension development as risk factor for cardiovascular disease. The study group was composed of volunteers from the general population and consisted of thirty healthy adults. The amount of bakery product for consumption was determined as follows: women consumed 150-200 grams per day; men 200-250 grams per day. There was no evidence of moderate or severe hypertension in our study, and this did not change during the whole research period. We found that six-week consumption of gluten-free bread and bakery products had a non-significant effect on reducing blood pressure as the major risk factor for cardiovascular disease. The most significant decrease of blood pressure was recorded with a two-month pause (after the immediate end of consumption of gluten-free bakery products), where we found a statistically significant (P
EFFECT OF PROCESSING PROCEDURES ON IN VITRO DIGESTIBILITY AND COLONIC FERMENTATION OF RICEBERRY RICE
Authors: Ayimbila Francis , Keawsompong Suttipun
Published: February 2019

Riceberry is a new rice variety which has recently become popular in Thailand and Asia. Cooling cooked rice influences its digestion; however colonic fermentation studies comparing freshly cooked rice (FCR), refrigerated rice (RR) and frozen rice (FR) hydrolysates are limited. Here, in vitro digestion rate and colonic fermentation of freshly cooked Thai riceberry rice prepared by conventional rice cooker (RCM) and boiling method (BM), and reheated after 3 days storage (4 C; RR and -20 C; FR) were investigated. Starch fractions (% wet basis) differed between cooking methods due to varied moisture contents. After storage, resistant starch (RS) contents in RR and FR were not significantly different compared to FCR; however, increase in slowly digestible starch (SDS) was accompanied by reduction in rapidly digestible starch (RDS) in riceberry rice cooked by BM. SDS increased from 7.56% to 16.00% in refrigerated rice (RR-BM) and by 15.81% in frozen rice (FR-BM). Riceberry rice hydrolysates after simulated human upper gut hydrolysis, were not significantly different among treatments and 49.90% escaped hydrolysis. During in vitro colonic fermentation, riceberry rice hydrolysates significantly enhanced probiotic strains; B. animalis TISTR 2194, B. bifidum TISTR 2129 and L. reuteri KUB AC-5 than pathogens; E. coli E010 and S. serovar Enteritidis S003. Colonic fermentation was similar among treatments. Results indicated that cooking riceberry rice by BM and storage reduced starch digestion but colonic fermentation was not dependent on cooking and storage conditions.
Gaps in the Implementation of Shared Decision-making: Illustrative Cases
Authors: Weiss Elliott Mark , Clark Jonna D. , Heike Carrie L. , Rosenberg Abby R. , Shah Seema K. , Wilfond Benjamin S. , Opel Douglas J.
Published: February 2019

Shared decision-making (SDM) has emerged as the preferred decision-making model in the clinician-patient relationship. Through collaboration, SDM helps to facilitate evidence-based medical decisions that are closely aligned with patient or surrogate preferences, values, and goals. How to implement SDM in clinical pediatric practice, however, remains elusive, in part because SDM in pediatrics is complicated by the involvement of parents as a special class of surrogate decision-maker. A provisional framework for the process of SDM in pediatrics was recently proposed by Opel to help facilitate its implementation. To identify aspects of the framework that require refinement, we applied it across a diverse range of clinical cases from multiple pediatric specialties. In doing so, several questions surfaced that deserve further scrutiny: (1) For which medical decisions is consideration of SDM required? (2) What is considered medically reasonable when there is variability in standard practice? (3) Can an option that is not consistent with standard practice still be medically reasonable? (4) How should public health implications be factored into SDM? (5) How should variability in preference sensitivity be approached? (6) How should the developing autonomy of adolescents be integrated into SDM?; and (7) How should SDM address parental decisional burden for emotionally charged decisions? We conduct a brief analysis of each question raised to illustrate key areas for future research.
Non-invasive evaluation of cerebral hemodynamic and intracranial pressure in pediatric neuroinfections
Authors: Georgiynts М. А. , Коrsunov V. А. , Оlkhovska О. М. , Stoliarov К. E.
Published: February 2019

The study of intracranial pressure (eICP), cerebral perfusion pressure (eCPP), cerebral blood flow index (CFI), zero flow pressure (ZFP) in 49 children hospitalized in the intensive care unit with severe course of neuroinfections was carried out. The level of consciousness was determined by the Glasgow pediatric scale. Monitoring of central and peripheral hemodynamics (ECG, heart rate, systolic, diastolic and mean blood pressure, and cardiac output), pulse oximetry, capnography, hemoglobin, hematocrit, total protein, urea, creatinine, lactate, glucose and serum electrolytes was done. An ultrasound scanner was used to perform ultrasound duplex scanning of blood flow in the left and middle cerebral artery (MCA), measuring maximum, minimum and average blood flow velocities, pulsation index (PI), and resistance index (RI). Based on the formulae of Edouard et al. indicators of eCPP, ZFP, CFI, eICP were calculated. The eSCP was also determined by the formulae of Kligenchöfer et al. and Bellner et al. All patients were divided into group I with RI > 1.3 and group II with RI < 1.3. It was found that eCPP in the group I was significantly less (29.5 ± 1.3 mm Hg) than in the II group (41.6 ± 1.7 mm Hg). Despite the lack of a reliable difference in blood pressure between groups I and II, the difference in eCPP was found due to a significant difference in eICP 34.6 ± 1.4 and 27.6 ± 0.89 mm Hg in I and II groups respectively. ZFP in group I was significantly higher than in group II. The indexes of the Glasgow coma scale was significantly lower in group I and 7.8 ± 0.6 points. There were observed direct moderate correlations between systolic blood pressure, cardiac output and eSRP and CFI, presumably associated with a loss of autoregulation. CFI in the group I was lower than in the group II. Thus, non-invasive examination of cerebral flow in MCA by duplex sonography revealed that PI > 1.3 is an informative marker of intracranial hypertension and reduction of cerebral perfusion, which is common in children with neuroinfections. To determine the eSRP and CFI it is advisable to use the formula of Edouard et al. and to determine the eICP the formula of Kligenchöfer et al. The obtained data can be useful for objectifying the severity of the condition, predicting the outcomes of neuroinfections, choosing the directions of intensive care and evaluating its effectiveness.
Compositions of essential oils with antimicrobial properties against isolates from oral cavities of patients with inflammatory diseases of the periodontium
Authors: Kryvtsova M. V. , Kostenko Y. Y. , Salamon I.
Published: February 2019

The significant spread of antibiotic-resistant microorganisms which are part of microbial associations of the oral cavity is considered one of the main causes for the complications and relapses of inflammatory diseases of the periodontium. This problem underlines the importance of constant monitoring of the circulation of polyantibiotic-resistant isolates, and development of new approaches and means of correction for the microbiocoenosis of the oral cavity affected by inflammatory processes. The paper is dedicated to research of antimicrobial properties of essential oil compositions against opportunistic pathogenic microorganisms, agents of inflammatory diseases of the periodontium. Out of the microorganisms isolated from the nidus of inflammation, the extra antibiotic-resistant ones were chosen. For the purpose of antibiotic susceptibility and antimicrobial activity testing, the disc diffusion method was used. The following compositions were manufactured from essential oils: Hyssopus officinalis L. + Rossmarinus officinalis L.; Menta piperita L. + H. officinalis; R. officinalis + Coriandrum sativum L.; R. officinalis + M. piperita + H. officinalis. The compositions H. officinalis + R. officinalis; M. piperita + H. officinalis were shown to have the highest level of antibacterial activity against clinical and typical isolates. Combinations of essential oils demonstrated a broader spectrum of activity against microorganisms than their components taken separately. Certain essential oils and the compositions H. officinalis + R. officinalis; M. piperita + H. officinalis were ascertained to have a high anti-mycotic activity against Candida genus microscopic fungi. This fact proves the advantage of application of combinations of essential oils compared to the use of their separate components. However, not all variants reviewed showed additive antimicrobial effect of the use of combinations of essential oils. The compositions that showed high antibacterial properties against the reviewed isolates may be used for oral hygiene products.