bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sublethal effects of Bacillus thuringiensis biopesticides and insecticides combinations on Chrysodeixis includens larvae: insights on pest management
Authors: Gonçalves Kelly C. , Freitas Marcelo M. , Nascimento Daniel D. , Bortoli Sergio A. , Polanczyk Ricardo A.
Published: September 2022

Ecofriendly Bt biopesticides can be used in combinations with insecticides to optimize agricultural operations and increase the host spectrum. However, this procedure can reduce the efficacy of the product and affect the biology of survival larvae. We evaluated the sublethal effects (survival, larval stage duration, weight and pupae formation) of two Bt biopesticides and eight insecticides on Chrysodeixis includens, using combinations of one Bt biopesticide with one or two insecticides, comprising 72 treatments. After the in vitro combinations assays, every susceptibility treatment consisted of 100-second instar C. includens larvae, distributed into 20 repetitions. No survival was recorded in 31 treatments, and those survival larvae from 41 treatments (1,805) were weighed every two days, from nine to 31 days after treatment (DAT). The larvae pupated (687, 38%) in only 26 treatments, and six treatments provided larval survival rates greater than 80% with Thuricide WP®, Larvin WG 800®, and Premio SC®. The weight of the surviving larvae varied both up and down in some treatments compared to the control in the first evaluation. Furthermore, most heavier larvae were pupated before the control, but the heaviest ones, most of them with longer larval stage, died before pupating. Indeed, we reinforce the importance of sublethal effects in the conception of C. includens susceptibility and interactions with ecosystems services.
Fruit Type Classification using Deep Learning and Feature Fusion
Authors: Gill Harmandeep Singh , Murugesan G , Mehbodniya Abolfazl , Sajja Guna Sekhar , Gupta Gaurav , Bhatt Abhishek
Published: September 2022

Machine and deep learning applications play a dominant role in the current scenario in the agriculture sector. To date, the classification of fruits using image features has attained the researcher’s attraction very much from the last few years. Fruit recognition and classification is an ill-posed problem due to the heterogeneous nature of fruits. In the proposed work, Convolution neural network (CNN), Recurrent Neural Network (RNN), and Long-short Term Memory (LSTM) deep learning methods are used to extract the optimal image features, and to select features after extraction, and finally, use extracted image features to classify the fruits. To evaluate the performance of the proposed approach, the Support vector machine (SVM) unsupervised learning method, Artificial neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS), and Feed-forward neural network (FFNN) classification results are compared, and observed that the proposed fruit classification approach results are quite efficient and promising.
Interquantile Shrinkage for Longitudinal Data in Regression Models
Authors: Wan Chuang , Zhong Wei , Song Xinyuan
Published: September 2022

We develop an interquantile shrinkage estimation to explore the underlying commonality structure of regression coefficients across different quantile levels for longitudinal data in a data-driven manner. It provides a more insightful view between the response and covariates and enhances estimation efficiency and model interpretability. We propose a fused penalized generalized estimation equation (GEE) estimator under a non-crossing constraint to automatically promote the constancy of estimates across neighboring quantiles. The GEE estimator accommodates the within-subject correlation for longitudinal data to improve estimation efficiency. A nested alternating direction method of multiplier (ADMM) algorithm is developed to minimize the regularized objective function. The asymptotic properties of the penalized estimators are also well established. In addition, when irrelevant predictors exist in high dimensions, we also develop a doubly penalized GEE estimator to select important variables and identify the interquantile commonality simultaneously. Numerical studies demonstrate that the proposed methods enjoy higher estimation efficiency than several existing methods. A longitudinal wage empirical data set is analyzed to further illustrate our methodologies.
Excreta Flow Mapping along the Sanitation Service Chain, A Case of Kombolcha Town, Ethiopia
Authors: Endris Seid , Kebede Andinet , Assefa Eshetu , Ali Almayehu , Desale Tewodrose
Published: September 2022

Poor fecal sludge management (FSM) results in significant public health and environmental risk exposures. To understand the FSM patterns and future scenarios of Kombolcha town, qualitative and quantitative methods of data collection and the Shit Flow Diagram (SFD) data analyzing tool were used. The study showed that 75.7% of households rely on shared toilets with two and above households. Cistern flush toilets, pour/manual flush toilets, ventilated improved pit latrine, pit latrine with slab and pit latrine without slab are the main technologies practiced in the town as 2.1, 19.8, 11.1, 56.4 and 10.6 %, respectively. 98.5% of the toilet types were unlined or only partially lined. On the other hand, only 37% of households practice toilet pit or sludge tank filling up and emptying. It was also found that only 56% of fecal sludge was safely managed. The remaining 44% of excreta is disposed in a way that it poses environmental and public health risk. Thus, current fecal sludge management trend exposes the community’s health unless sanitation bye-laws and building code regulations are set to address the quality of toilet technologies that promote hygienic standards.
Development of a Mexican online nutritional ecologic software for dietary assessment, automatic calculation of diet quality, and dietary environmental impact
Authors: Lares-Michel Mariana , Housni Fatima Ezzahra , Aguilera-Cervantes Virginia Gabriela , Michel-Nava Rosa María
Published: September 2022

Nutritional tools for dietary assessment are crucial elements for nutritional and diet-related study methodologies. Environmental indexes such as water footprint (WF) are essential for assessing diets' environmental impact. Currently, no available software in Mexico and the world simultaneously allows the evaluation of diet and its environmental impact. This study aimed to design and develop a Mexican online nutritional ecologic software for dietary assessment, automatic diet quality calculation, and diet's environmental impact. The software was developed using the waterfall life cycle methodology. A multi-stage process was followed. The program includes diet evaluation through a 24-hour recall and a validated and adapted Food Consumption Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ). The software also integrates automatic calculation of diet quality through an adaptation of The Mexican Diet Quality Index (ICDMx): the Alternate Mexican Diet Quality Index (IACDMx). An automatic WF assessment for Mexico’s context was also included. The assessment accounts for multi and single-ingredient foods WF, cooking, food-washing water, and applying correction factors. We created Nutriecology®, a novel technology for assessing diet aspects and WF simultaneously, making data collection and analysis time efficient in transversal and longitudinal studies. Further environmental impact indices, clinic history, and socioeconomic elements will be added to the software in future actualizations.
A Canadian survey of residency applicants’ and interviewers’ perceptions of the 2021 CaRMS R1 virtual interviews.
Authors: Fernandes Rosephine Del , Relke Nicole , Soleas Eleftherios , Braund Heather , Lui Clementine Janet Pui Man , Zevin Boris
Published: September 2022

Background
All Canadian Residency Matching Service (CaRMS) R1 interviews were conducted virtually for the first time in 2021. We explored the facilitators, barriers, and implications of the virtual interview process for the CaRMS R1 match and provide recommendations for improvement.
Methods
We conducted a cross-sectional survey study of CaRMS R1 residency applicants and interviewers across Canada in 2021. Surveys were distributed by email to the interviewers, and by email, social media, or newsletter to the applicants. Close-ended items were described, and open-ended items were thematically analyzed.
Results
A total of 127 applicants and 400 interviewers, including 127 program directors, responded to the survey. 193/380 (50.8%) interviewers and 90/118 (76.3%) applicants preferred virtual over in-person interview formats. Facilitators of the virtual interview format included cost and time savings, ease of scheduling, reduced environmental impact, greater equity, less stress, greater reach and participation, and safety. Barriers of the virtual interview format included reduced informal conversations, limited ability for applicants to explore programs at different locations, limited ability for programs to assess applicants’ interest, technological issues, concern for interview integrity, limited non-verbal communication, and reduced networking opportunities. The most helpful mediums for applicants to learn about residency programs were program websites, the CaRMS/AFMC websites, and recruitment videos. Additionally, panel interviews were preferred by applicants for their ability to showcase themselves and build connections with multiple interviewers.
Conclusions
Perceptions of 2021 CaRMS R1 virtual interviews were favourable among applicants and interviewers. Recommendations from this study can help improve future iterations of virtual CaRMS interviews.
Blockchain-based Cybertwin-V2X Data Aggregation and Cluster Head Multi-hop Distribution Scheme
Authors: Wang Xinwei
Published: September 2022

With the rapid development of the Internet of Things and the continuous progress of 5G technology, intelligent transportation has become the development trend of transportation technology. As an information interaction network, the Internet of Vehicles can share traffic information among vehicles, bringing convenience to vehicle owners while improving traffic efficiency.Data forwarding technology in the Internet of Vehicles (IoV) can realize the safe and efficient forwarding of messages, so that vehicle users can obtain road information as soon as possible and take relevant measures in advance.Cybertwin, as a complete replica of the vehicle in the virtual world, masters all the data and behavior of its physical vehicle. Cybertwin can communicate with other vehicle’s Cybertwin in the virtual world, which provides powerful functions in the data forwarding. On the one hand, it can directly forward data on behalf of the physical vehicle; on the other hand, Cybertwin can make relevant decisions based on forwarded data from other twins. However, it is easy to be eavesdropped when forwarding its physical vehicle data. In addition, there are several Cybertwins that may refuse to forward data in the virtual world. Therefore, the security issues in the data forwarding of Cybertwin face many challenges. In this paper, data aggregation and cluster-head multi-hop transmission scheme based on Cybertwin is proposed. The proposed scheme uses the reversible matrix to construct the data forwarding report of different cyber twins, uses the Paillier cryptosystem to aggregate the ciphertext of the data report, and uses the reversible matrix to decrypt and restore. In addition, use randomizable signatures to protect the privacy of Cybertwin. The security analysis results show that the proposed scheme can effectively improve the efficiency of data forwarding, and better protect the privacy and security issues of Cybertwin data forwarding in the IoV.
Lens Law Based Optimization Algorithm: A Novel Approach
Authors: Nayak Byamakesh , Choudhury Tanmoy Roy
Published: September 2022

This paper explores the physics-based lens formula integrating through a population- based algorithm for solving any optimization problems. The object having multi-dimensional positions is the candidate of a solution of population creates image obstacles by a lens of convex, concave or combination of both. The position of the image is used to update the position of the object. The lens of concave, convex or combination of both emphasizes exploration, exploitation and local optima avoidance of the search space are the main objectives of the population-based optimization algorithms. The image formed by the object is governed by focal length equation which can be changed by defining the several random and adaptive variables to emphasize the exploitation and exploration of the search space. The ability of exploitation, exploration, use of search space, avoidance of local minima and reach to global maxima of the proposed algorithm is verified through unimodal, multimodal and composite benchmark functions. Besides the number of practical engineering problems are also considered for validation of performances of the proposed algorithm.
An Analysis of the Benefits of Adopting Modular Construction: A Nigerian Construction Industry Context
Authors:   Department of Civil Engineering, Monash University, AUSTRALIA, Arowoiya Victor Adetunji , Oyefusi Oluwatobi Nurudeen ,   Wellington School of Architecture,Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, NEW ZEALAND
Published: September 2022

On site and off site are the main construction methods used in the construction industry with the former being majorly adopted. Off-site construction offers significant opportunity to improve project performance. However, there is little awareness of its benefits in the Nigerian construction industry. This study aims to assess the benefits of adopting modular integrated construction in Nigeria to improve the level of understanding, usage for stakeholders and enhance productivity. Purposive and snowballing technique were used to select the prefab construction experts. Professionals that were involved in the study are engineers, architects and quantity surveyors in the study area. The most rated benefits are enhanced teamwork and collaboration, improved productivity, simplicity and ease in the construction, enhances sustainable building and improved quality of work. Five variables have significant difference between the respondents while the others do not. The study concludes that modular construction is at its nascent stage and could be developed and be more implemented if the government takes the lead. It is therefore recommended that stakeholders must be ready and willing to use modern method for better collaboration and teamwork. Also, more awareness and training programmes should be conducted to the stakeholders who could implement its usage in the Nigerian construction industry. The government should also provide financial support to encourage private clients and other people who are keen to execute the construction projects with prefabs.
Housing Design Studies in Saudi Arabia: A Thematic Review
Authors:   Department of Science And Arts, King Khalid University, Abha 62529, SAUDI ARABIA, Mnea Aysha ,   Faculty of Design and Architecture, Department of Architecture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Seri Kembangan, Selangor, MALAYSIA, Zairul Mohd ,   Cyber Generation Lab, Institute of Social Sciences Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Seri Kembangan, Selangor, MALAYSIA,   Faculty of Design and Architecture, Department of Architecture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Seri Kembangan, Selangor, MALAYSIA
Published: September 2022

The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) envisions sufficient housing access for its citizens, but the Ministry of Housing is unable to fulfil the housing requirements across various population segments. This necessitates research on architectural designs. This study reviewed relevant research over the past decade (housing design patterns and trends) derived from code-to-document analysis with ATLAS.ti 8, as well as the state of the housing design discipline. A total of 33 pertinent studies published between 2011 and 2021 were elicited through a keyword search from specific databases (Scopus, ScienceDirect and Emerald Insight) and divided thematically based on financial, social and sustainability factors. The review, which emphasised the design process, identified little correlation between the process and a systematic attempt to fulfil citizens’ requirements. Both knowledge and praxis-oriented gaps were ascertained in the interior housing design process. Specifically, this study evaluated empirical works on housing designs and elaborated on the research area based on KSA citizens’ financial, social and sustainability needs. This two-fold review presents a synthesis of current literature for local scholars and functions as a guideline for filling knowledge gaps that require bridging in future works and for house designs and interiors to complement KSA citizens’ requirements.
Experimental study of apatite-fluid interaction and partitioning of rare earth elements at 150 and 250 °C
Authors: Chappell J. Caleb , Gysi Alexander P. , Monecke Thomas , Chang Zhaoshan
Published: September 2022

Apatite is a common accessory phase in igneous and metamorphic rocks. Its stability in magmatichydrothermal and hydrothermal systems is known to be a key control on the mobility of rare earth elements (REE). To better constrain how apatite is altered during fluid-rock interaction at comparably low temperatures, batch-type apatite dissolution experiments were conducted at 150 and 250 °C at saturated water vapor pressure in acidic to mildly acidic (pH of 2–4) aqueous fluids having variable salinities (0, 0.5, and 5 wt% NaCl). The study reveals the dominance of apatite dissolution textures with the formation of micrometer-scale etch pits and dissolution channels developing prominently along the c-axis of the apatite crystals. Backscattered electron imaging shows an increase in apatite dissolution with increasing temperature and upon reacting the crystals with more acidic and higher salinity starting fluids. This study also demonstrates an increase in dissolved REE in the experimental fluids corroborating with the observed apatite dissolution behavior. Backscattered electron imaging of secondary minerals formed during apatite dissolution and scanning electron microscopy-based energy dispersive spectrometry peaks for Ca, P, and REE support the formation of monazite-(Ce) and minor secondary apatite as deduced from fluid chemistry (i.e., dissolved P and REE concentrations). The studied apatite reaction textures and chemistry of the reacted fluids both indicate that the mobility of REE is controlled by the dissolution of apatite coupled with precipitation of monazite-(Ce), which are enhanced by the addition of NaCl in the starting fluids. This coupled process can be traced by comparing the REE to P ratios in the reacted fluids with the stoichiometry of the unreacted apatite crystals. Apatite metasomatized at temperatures <300 °C is therefore controlled by dissolution rather than dissolution-reprecipitation reactions commonly observed in previous experiments conducted above 300 °C. Furthermore, this study demonstrates that the presence of NaCl plays a crucial role in increasing the solubility of apatite, which controls the availability of REE to form secondary phosphates even in mildly acidic aqueous fluids. This implies that both the effects of acidity/alkalinity of the fluids and the role of dissolved alkalis (NaCl and KCl), need to be considered for understanding the controls on REE in magmatic-hydrothermal systems. Lastly, the experiments of this study expand the known conditions at which apatite is susceptible to be overprinted by hydrothermal alteration from 900 °C down to 150 °C and highlights the necessity of appropriately screening apatite grains using backscattered electron and cathodoluminescence imaging for signs of hydrothermal alteration textures in igneous apatite.
A splash in a one-dimensional cold gas
Authors: Chakraborti Subhadip , Dhar Abhishek , Krapivsky Paul
Published: September 2022

We consider a set of hard point particles distributed uniformly with a specified density on the positive half-line and all initially at rest. The particle masses alternate between two values, m and M. The particles interact via collisions that conserve energy and momentum. We study the cascade of activity that results when the left-most particle is given a positive velocity. At long times we find that this leads to two fascinating features in the observed dynamics. First, in the bulk of the gas, a shock front develops separating the cold gas from a thermalized region. The shock-front travels sub-ballistically, with the bulk described by self-similar solutions of Euler hydrodynamics. Second, there is a splash region formed by the recoiled particles which move ballistically with negative velocities. The splash region is completely non-hydrodynamic and we propose two conjectures for the long time particle dynamics in this region. We provide a detailed analytic understanding of these coexisting regimes. These are supported by the results of molecular dynamics simulations.
Resiliencia postpandemia: la contribución de las tecnologías
Authors: Ramírez Naranjo Rosa Elvira
Published: September 2022

El mayor desafío post pandemia representa continuar con el uso de los recursos tecnológicos como insumos que permitan mejorar la dinámica de lalabor docente, la calidad de los aprendizajes, el aprovechamiento de las condiciones de éste, establecer un aprendizaje efectivo mediado por la tecnología, (Burgos, 2020).
La Disrupción de la Educación Presencial a la Modalidad Virtual, Una Propuesta de Diseño Instruccional-Tecnopedagógico
Authors: Avalos Medina Martha Amalia , Castellanos Reynoso Daniel
Published: September 2022

Se están creando nuevos modelos innovadores, modelos que responden a la necesidad de insertar tecnologías informativas y comunicativas que surgen continuamente para apoyar el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje. Este documento muestra las diferentes etapas que se siguen para producir cursos en línea poniendo énfasis en la fase de identificación que describe las estrategias didácticas utilizadas para desarrollar los contenidos y la Tecno Pedagogía como el vínculo que establece las especificaciones detalladas para implementar y mantener situaciones que faciliten el aprendizaje en sus diferentes niveles de complejidad.
Response of the winter soil moisture of different vegetation types to rainfall events in karst slope land
Authors: Yuan Ershuang , Zhou Qiuwen , Yan Weihong , Peng Dawei , Wang Yalin
Published: September 2022

Understanding the response of soil moisture of different vegetation types to rainfall in karst regions in winter is significant for implementing various ecological restoration projects. However, at present, the related research is mainly focused on non-winter seasons, and only few research exist on winter seasons. Therefore, in this study, four types of vegetation – grassland, arable land, shrubland, and forestland – were selected as sample plots in the Guanling County of southwestern Guizhou, China. The magnitude, time, and speed responses of soil moisture of the vegetation types to rainfall were calculated using the time-series data of soil moisture of different vegetation types. The results showed that the response of soil moisture differed between different vegetation types in winter and non-winter seasons in karst areas. Among the four vegetation types, soil moisture response magnitude to rainfall in grassland and arable land had a similar distribution pattern along different soil depths, whereas in scrubland and forestland, it decreased gradually along the soil depth. In addition, compared with other vegetation types, for grassland soil moisture, the response magnitude, response duration, and response speed to rainfall are the largest, longest, and fastest, respectively. Our study used quantitative indices to illustrate the response of soil moisture to rainfall for different vegetation types under a humid climate in a mid-subtropical zone on sloped, pure limestone land. The results of this study provide a scientific basis for the implementation of ecological restoration projects in karst areas.
Variation of water bodies along highways in the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau over the past 20 years: A case study of G109 and G219
Authors: Gao Yu , Chai Mingtang , Ma Wei , Li Yangyang , Chen Weidong , Mu Yanhu
Published: September 2022

The water bodies existing along highways in the high altitude areas of the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau (QTP) will aggravate subgrade settlement and road damage, and affect the long-term stability of road networks. Based on remote sensing and geographic information system (GIS) techniques, this study analyzed the changes in the number and area of water bodies along the G109 and G219 highways in the QTP in the past 20 years. The results showed that between 2000 and 2019, the number of water bodies along the two highways increased by 24 and 19%, respectively, and their area increased by 26 and 19%, respectively. The area and the number of water bodies >1 km2 in the permafrost area and those <1 km2 in the seasonal permafrost area both changed significantly. The change in the number of water bodies in the permafrost area was positively correlated with annual average temperature, while that in the seasonal permafrost area was significantly positively correlated with annual precipitation. This study provided basic data that could be used in studies on the interrelationship between engineering and water bodies within the context of climate change and will contribute to revealing the mechanisms through which engineering projects affect frozen soils.
Bibliometric analysis of artificial intelligence algorithms used for microbial fuel cell research
Authors: Coy-Aceves Luis Erick , Corona-Vasquez Benito
Published: September 2022

Research regarding microbial fuel cells has been stimulated to reduce the operating costs and energy consumption of conventional wastewater treatment, and increase its profitability. However, these devices are challenging to study due to their complexity and sensitivity to both internal and external factors. Artificial intelligence (AI) has been used to analyze microbial fuel cells as an effective alternative to the use of mathematical models, which are still in development. In this study, the main goals were to perform the first bibliometric analysis of AI applied to microbial fuel cell research and to find the most popular algorithms used to date. Using the Web of Science database, a total of 102 articles published between 1999 and 2022 were retrieved. The cumulative number of articles has greatly increased over the past 10 years. About 55% were contributed by researchers from China and USA, leading among 20 countries. Some 50 algorithms were used, with principal component analysis and feed-forward neural networks being the most popular used to study and optimize microbial fuel cells.
Enhancement of flushed sediment in pressure flushing using inclined plates upstream of orifice
Authors: Najafi Nima , Daryaee Mehdi , Kashefipour Seyed Mahmood
Published: September 2022

Pressure flushing is a common technique to restore the storage capacity of reservoirs. However, the low quantity of flushed sediment remains a drawback of pressure flushing. Experimentally, the present study used inclined plates upstream of the bottom outlet to increase the flushed sediment in pressure flushing. The variables included the plate width (B), the angel between the vertical line at the outlet center and the normal vector of the inclined plate (α), radial distance of the inclined plates from the orifice center (R), and outlet discharge (Q). The results showed that the flushed sediment significantly enhanced; the quantity of flushed sediment for B = 6.3 cm, α = 60°, R = 8.5 cm, and a Q = 8.34 L/s was 19 times as large as that in the reference test (i.e., without plates). Furthermore, the length, width, and depth of the scour cone in the presence of inclined plates were 3, 2.3, and 3.3 times as high as those in the absence of the inclined plates. Also, equations were developed to predict the volume and dimensions of the scour cone in the presence of inclined plates based on the experimental data. Finally, the importance of the variables was determined using a sensitivity analysis method. Between all considered parameters in this study, the plate distance from the outlet was found to have the highest effect and the plate inclination the lowest effect (three times) in increasing the flushed sediment through the orifice.
Application of the fuzzy data theory in durability estimation
Authors: Gadolina I.
Published: September 2022

Aim. Problems associated with the study of material fatigue, while being relevant in terms of engineering practice, have a significant degree of uncertainty. The fatigue curve is censored (which indicates the presence of items that have passed the planned load cycle and destroyed by the end of the tests), while the load block made for calculating durability can be designed in a number of ways with a sufficient share of subjective decisions. The load block is intended for calculating durability and defining test plans. It is to fully reflect the entire expected operational history. Both factors are considered in the paper as elements of fuzzy logic. The author examines the creation of a scientifically substantiated load block that would take into account the possible operating modes in a right proportion and taking into account the variability. That is due to the fact that fatigue damage accumulates over the entire life of a machine and is to be scientifically evaluated for an adequate probabilistic assessment.

Methods. As the modes of operation of a certain part are not precisely defined (and cannot be defined by virtue of the logic of random use of machines), projections of random fuzzy distributions are considered. A finite set of operating modes in a reasonable proportion was successfully scientifically substantiated. Using the example of load analysis of a critical part of rolling stock, distributions were constructed and the possible distribution of a part’s life was estimated. The output of the developed method will allow assessing the operational risks and predict the required number of spare parts. By taking into account the censored sample elements in the process of fatigue curve construction, the estimation of the fatigue curve parameters can be made more consistent.

Conclusions. The use of fuzzy sets may prove to be very useful when examining fatigue curves and estimating durability variation. Examples are given of applying the proposed method.
Efeito da poluição atmosférica em folhas de Tibouchina granulosa (Desr.) Cogn. (Melastomataceae)
Authors: João Carlos Ferreira de Melo Júnior  , Charlin Manoel Raimundo  , Maick Wilian Amorim
Published: September 2022

A cidade de Joinville, localizada na região nordeste de Santa Catarina, é considerada o principal polo industrial do estado, contando com mais de 1.400 indústrias dos setores metal-mecânico, de plásticos e têxtil. Alterações na qualidade do ar atmosférico pela emissão de gases e particulados são precursoras de injúrias em espécies vegetais. O presente estudo investigou atributos foliares de Tibouchina granulosa (Desr.) Cogn. (Melastomataceae) em três áreas distintas do município, com o objetivo de verificar a ocorrência de alterações morfológicas e anatômicas por meio do método de biomonitoramento passivo. Em cada área foram coletadas 25 folhas de sol em 10 indivíduos, totalizando um grupo amostral de 30 plantas. Diferenças foram observadas para todos os atributos foliares estudados entre as três áreas amostrais. As principais alterações encontradas referem-se a área foliar, espessura dos tecidos fotossintéticos e espessura total do limbo foliar. Os indivíduos da área controle apresentaram as maiores médias para quase todos os atributos foliares considerados, o que reflete uma melhor condição do ar atmosférico local. As diferenças estruturais percebidas podem ser resultantes dos efeitos da poluição atmosférica ocasionada pela emissão de gases e outros materiais poluentes.
Fenologia e aspectos da biologia floral de Moquiniastrum polymorphum (Less.) G. Sancho (Asteraceae) em plantio de restauração florestal
Authors: Bruno Jan Schramm Corrêa  , Marciele Felippi  , Lucas Lubke  , Josiane OtalakoskI  , Michele Potrich  , Fernando Campanha Bechara
Published: September 2022

O presente estudo objetivou avaliar a fenologia e os aspectos da biologia floral de Moquiniastrum polymorphum (Less.) G. Sancho em plantio de restauração florestal, no município de Dois Vizinhos, sudoeste do Paraná. Observações fenológicas de 12 árvores matrizes foram realizadas quinzenalmente, entre 2013 e 2015, com análises quanto à intensidade, sincronia e periodicidade das fenofases reprodutivas e vegetativas. Os dados foram correlacionados com o comprimento astronômico do dia, pluviosidade e temperatura local. Efetuaram-se registros da antese floral e da incidência de visitantes florais. M. polymorphum apresentou sazonalidade fenológica, com brotação e desfolhamento contínuo e pico de floração em fevereiro, com maior intensidade de frutos maduros entre março e abril. Os eventos fenológicos foram condicionados ao comprimento do dia e a temperatura. As inflorescências de M. polymorphum apresentaram antese entre 7 e 10 h da manhã. Os visitantes florais compreenderam várias ordens de insetos; a maior frequência de visitas ocorreu por volta das 9 h. O estudo contribuiu para a caracterização comportamental da espécie, de forma a incentivar seu uso em projetos de restauração florestal.
Caracterização palinológica de Bromeliaceae (A. Juss.) de São Francisco do Sul, Santa Catarina
Authors: Gabriel Da Rosa Schroeder  , Nilton Paulo Vieira Junior  , Enderlei Dec  , Denise M. D. da S. Mouga
Published: September 2022

Visando à caracterização polínica, espécies de Bromeliaceae foram verificadas: Ananas bracteatus (Lindl.) Schult. & Schult.f., Billbergia amoena (Lodd.) Lindl., Billbergia distachia (Vell.) Mez., Canistropsis billbergioides (Schult. & Schult.f.) Leme., Dyckia encholirioides (Gaudich.) Mez., Nidularium innocentii Lem., Nidularium procerum Lindm., Tillandsia tenuifolia L., Vriesea carinata Wawra, Vriesea friburgensis Mez. e Vriesea rodigasiana E.Morren. Os grãos de pólen foram conservados, acetolisados, montados em lâminas, observados em microscópio de luz e microscópio eletrônico de varredura, fotografados e medidos. Foram calculados os valores médios da espessura da exina, diâmetro polar e diâmetro equatorial de 25 grãos, para cada espécie. Realizou-se a descrição por tamanho, abertura, âmbito, simetria, unidade polínica, ornamentação, polaridade e forma. Os grãos apresentaram-se em mônades, com simetria bilateral. A. bracteatus, C. billbergioides, N. innocentii e N. procerum têm grãos diporados, isopolares, com âmbito elíptico e tamanho médio (N. innocentii e N. procerum, grande). B. amoena, B. distachia, D. encholirioides, T. tenuifolia, V. carinata, V. friburgensis e V. rodigasiana têm grãos 1-colpado, heteropolares, com âmbito fusiforme em vista equatorial, elíptico em vista distal e tamanho grande (D. encholirioides e T. tenuifolia, médio). A ornamentação dos grãos varia entre reticulada, microrreticulada, foveolada, heterobrocada. Há homogeneidade entre espécies do mesmo gênero e variação na ornamentação.
Diversidade, riqueza e abundância da mirmecofauna em áreas sob cultivo orgânico e convencional
Authors: Milene Andrade Estrada  , Ângela Alves de Almeida  , André Barbosa Vargas  , Fábio Souto Almeida
Published: September 2022

Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a riqueza, a diversidade, a abundância e a composição da fauna de formigas em oito propriedades rurais com cultivo orgânico e oito com cultivo convencional, no município de Paraíba do Sul (RJ). Instalaramse em cada área cultivada 15 armadilhas tipo pitfall para a coleta das formigas. Amostraram-se 48 espécies de formigas no total, pertencentes a sete subfamílias e 23 gêneros. A riqueza nos cultivos convencionais foi de 29, e nos cultivos orgânicos, 38. Os valores médios de riqueza e diversidade de espécies e a abundância média foram maiores nas áreas com cultivo orgânico do que nos cultivos convencionais. O número de espécies cultivadas, a profundidade de cobertura vegetal morta e a temperatura estiveram entre as variáveis que mais afetaram a mirmecofauna. A composição de espécies de formigas variou significativamente entre áreas com cultivo convencional e orgânico (ANOSIM, R = 0,6099, p < 0,01). Os resultados corroboram a realidade de que a prática da agricultura orgânica constitui uma alternativa relevante aos cultivos convencionais, por promover a manutenção da biodiversidade local.
Frequência das lesões bucais diagnosticadas no Centro de Especialidades Odontológicas de Tubarão (SC)
Authors: Greicy Kniest  , Roberta Targa Stramandinoli  , Lúcia Fátima de Castro Ávila  , Ana Claudia A. dos Santos Izidoro
Published: September 2022

Estudos epidemiológicos das doenças bucais caracterizam as populações averiguadas e proporcionam referenciais para a elaboração de estratégias de tratamento e prevenção. Objetivo:Determinar a frequência das lesões bucais mais comuns e o perfil epidemiológico dos pacientes atendidos no Centro de Especialidades Odontológicas do município de Tubarão (SC) entre os anos 2003 e 2008. Material e métodos: Foi feito um trabalho retrospectivo, por meio da análise de um banco de dados preexistentes de todos os indivíduos atendidos no serviço, desde a sua implantação. As variáveis sexo, idade, procedência, presença de lesão bucal, realização de biópsia e resultado anatomopatológico foram levantadas, armazenadas em uma planilha de Excel e submetidas a análise estatística descritiva, efetuando-se a correlação das variáveis e a determinação da frequência de cada lesão. Resultados: Dos 140 pacientes, 89 eram mulheres e 51 homens. A idade variou de 4 a 81 anos, com média de 47,2 anos. Do total de pacientes, 121 apresentaram lesão bucal no momento da consulta, e cinco tinham duas lesões diferentes e concomitantes, totalizando 126 lesões. Treze não possuíam nenhuma lesão bucal no momento do exame clínico, seis queixaram-se de xerostomia e quatro de hipossalivação com algum outro tipo de lesão também, porém nenhum exame complementar foi efetuado para determinar alteração no fluxo salivar. Realizaram-se 54 biópsias para confirmação diagnóstica. Quanto às lesões, 97,6% tinham características de benignidade; as mais frequentes foram candidose (14,3%), hiperplasia fibrosa inflamatória (12,6%), mucocele (9,5%) e fibroma (5,5%). Foram confirmados três casos de neoplasia maligna; todos eram carcinoma escamocelular. Conclusão: Constatou-se que 86,4% dos pacientes apresentaram lesão bucal no momento da consulta, e as lesões benignas apareceram em quase 98% dos casos. A candidose bucal foi a lesão mais prevalente, seguida da hiperplasia fibrosa inflamatória. Em relação ao perfil epidemiológico dos indivíduos assistidos, aproximadamente 64% pertenciam ao gênero feminino, com idade média de 47 anos.
Avaliação da resistência de união de sistemas restauradores contemporâneos em esmalte e dentina
Authors: Rubens Nazareno Garcia  , Arturo Eddy Gamboa Alvarez  , Carlos Eduardo Dias  , Marlon André Mazaro  , Thiago Firmo  , Henry Stuker  , Marcelo Giannini
Published: September 2022

Introdução e objetivo: Novos sistemas restauradores estéticos têm sido introduzidos recentemente no mercado odontológico. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a resistência de união (RU) de sistemas restauradores contemporâneos em substratos de esmalte abrasionado e de dentina de profundidade média. Material e métodos: Foram preparados 60 incisivos bovinos com auxílio de lixas de carbeto de silício até obtenção de superfícies planas de esmalte desgastado e dentina média (n = 10). Os sistemas restauradores utilizados foram: Adper SE Plus / Z350 [SE + Z350], P90 System Adhesive / Filtek P90 [SA + P90] e BeautiBond / Beautifil II [BB + BII]. Os adesivos foram aplicados nos substratos, e matrizes de Tygon foram posicionadas e tiveram seu volume interno preenchido com a respectiva resina. Após fotoativação, as matrizes foram removidas e os espécimes armazenados em água destilada a 37ºC por uma semana. Decorrido esse período, os corpos de prova foram colocados no dispositivo de teste, que tinha formato de cinzel, e testados em uma máquina de ensaios (Emic), com velocidade de 0,5 mm/min. A RU foi calculada em MPa, e os dados foram analisados estatisticamente por meio da Anova e do teste de Tukey (p < 0,05). Resultados: Não houve diferença estatística entre os grupos em esmalte. Em dentina, o [SE + Z350] resultou em maior média de RU. Já o [BB + BII] evidenciou a menor média, com diferença estatística entre todos os grupos. Comparando os substratos na avaliação de cada material, o [SE + Z350] mostrou a maior média de RU para a dentina, com diferença estatística em relação ao esmalte. O [SA + P90] não apresentou diferença significativa nos dois substratos, e o esmalte teve a maior média de RU, com diferença expressiva para o [BB + BII]. Conclusão: Em termos de RU, os sistemas restauradores demonstraram o mesmo desempenho em esmalte e diferentes desempenhos em dentina. Somente com o silorano se obteve resultado similar em ambos os substratos.
Undergraduates’ opinion after 5-year experience with rotary endodontic instruments
Authors: Denise Piotto Leonardi  , Flares Baratto-Filho  , Gisele Aihara Haragushiku  , Flávia Sens Fagundes Tomazinho  , Maria da Graça Kfouri Lopes  , Alexandre Moro
Published: September 2022

Introduction: Dentistry evolution in the past few years has revolutionized daily practice in some specialties. One of these revolutions has occurred in Endodontics due to the advancement of rotary techniques for root canal preparation and its subsequent incorporation into the teaching of Dentistry undergraduates. Objective: The aim of this study was to report a 5-year experience on the undergraduate laboratorial and clinical use of rotary endodontic preparation at a private university. Material and methods: Data survey was performed by using a questionnaire composed of nine objective questions; the questionnaire was answered by the undergraduates. Results: The results showed a positive acceptance regarding the undergraduate teaching of the rotary technique (94.7%). The following advantages were highlighted: faster root canal preparation (91.6%) and reduction of patient’s stress (80.9%). Conclusion: It can be concluded that the experience with the two undergraduate groups was excellent due to the high acceptance level of the new technique by the students.
Cirurgia oral em pacientes idosos: considerações clínicas, cirúrgicas e avaliação de riscos
Authors: Catarina Ribeiro Barros de Alencar  , Francisco Juliherme Pires de Andrade  , Maria Helena Chaves de Vasconcelos Catão
Published: September 2022

Introdução: A necessidade de cirurgia oral em idosos tem sido crescente no sentido de permitir o equilíbrio de suas funções mastigatórias, estéticas e fonéticas, por meio da adequação dos tecidos orais para o assentamento correto de aparelhos protéticos, repercutindo positivamente na saúde geral do indivíduo. Objetivo: Rever a literatura acerca das considerações clínicas e operatórias relevantes ao satisfatório atendimento de idosos na prática clínica rotineira, sobretudo nos casos em que o tratamento de escolha represente uma conduta cirúrgica. Revisão de literatura: Na atualidade, as exodontias, as cirurgias pré-protéticas e os implantes osteointegrados são as condutas operatórias mais realizadas em pessoas idosas. Para tanto, as particularidades fisiológicas de tais casos têm de ser consideradas, com destaque para o monitoramento da pressão arterial e dos níveis glicêmicos, osteoporose, uso de medicações, entre as mais variadas condições que tornam o idoso um paciente que requer atenção especial no consultório odontológico.
Assessment of plasma and salivary antioxidant status in patients with recurrent aphthous stomatitis
Authors: Sudhanshu Saxena
Published: September 2022

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the antioxidant levels in plasma and saliva of patients with recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) and healthy controls. Material and methods: Forty patients with RAS and 40 health controls were included into the study. Superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSHPx) activities and uric acid (UA) levels were measured in plasma and saliva. Chi-square and Student’s t-test was used to estimate the significance between parameters. P value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results: Plasma analysis showed significantly decreased SOD and CAT activities, and UA level in RAS patients compared to control group. Plasma GSHPx activity was significantly higher in RAS patients. In saliva, SOD and CAT activities, and UA levels were significantly higher in RAS patients, while GSHPx activity was lower compared to control. Conclusion: Plasma and saliva antioxidant system is affected in RAS patients and both may be considered as an appropriate indicator of antioxidant status of body.
Short implants in oral rehabilitation
Authors: Emmanuel Panobianco Chizolini  , Ana Cláudia Rossi  , Alexandre Rodrigues Freire  , Mario Roberto Perussi  , Paulo Henrique Ferreira Caria  , Felippe Bevilacqua Prado
Published: September 2022

Introduction and objective: The placement of short dental implants is used as an alternative treatment modality to bone grafting procedures. The aim of this study was to discuss, through a literature review, the features, indications and biomechanical aspects of short implants, as well as to report the clinical factors that influence on their indication. Literature review and conclusion: It was found that short implants osseointegration can be compromised by risk factors that must be controlled to achieve treatment success. In conclusion, the main indication of short implants is to avoid an invasive surgery at atrophic areas of maxilla and mandible. Furthermore, implant design associated with surface treatment are factors that compensate its short length.
Influence of chlorhexidine digluconate on bond strength durability of a self-etching adhesive system
Authors: Synara Santos Herênio  , Natália Maria Porto de Carvalho  , Darlon Martins Lima
Published: September 2022

Introduction and objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate in vitro the effect of 2% chlorhexidine on bond strength durability of a self-etching adhesive system (ClearFill SE Bond). Material and methods: Forty bovine incisors’ crowns had their labial surfaces abraded to dentin exposure, dentin exposure, in order that the standard adhesion in order that the standard adhesion in order that the standard adhesionarea reached 4 mm in diameter. Subsequently, they were divided into four groups, according to the treatments performed on the surfaces and storage time: G1 – adhesive system without chlorhexidine for 24 hours (control group); G2 – adhesive system without chlorhexidine for 6 months (control group); G3 – adhesive system with chlorhexidine for 24 hours (experimental group); G4 – adhesive system with chlorhexidine for 6 months (experimental group). After dentin surface treatments, cylinders of composite resin (Z350) were constructed. Then, the specimens were stored in distilled water according to each group design and storage time. Following, the four groups were subjected to shear bond strength test, at a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm / min. The obtained values were subjected to statistical analysis. Results: The results indicated a significant decrease of bond strength in the group treated with chlorhexidine followed by 24-hour storage when compared to control group. However, there was no significant difference in 6-month storage between the experimental and control groups (p>0.05). Conclusion: The application of 2% chlorhexidine was deleterious for bond strength after 24-hour storage.