bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ectopic Expression of O Antigen in Bordetella pertussis by a Novel Genomic Integration System
Authors: Ishigaki Keisuke , Shinzawa Naoaki , Nishikawa Sayaka , Suzuki Koichiro , Fukui-Miyazaki Aya , Horiguchi Yasuhiko
Published: January 2018

Some bacterial phenotypes emerge through the cooperative functions of a number of genes residing within a large genetic locus. To transfer the phenotype of one bacterium to another, a means to introduce the large genetic locus into the recipient bacterium is needed. Therefore, we developed a novel system by combining the advantages of a bacterial artificial chromosome vector and phage-derived gene integration machinery. In this study, we succeeded for the first time in introducing a gene locus involved in O antigen biosynthesis of
Bordetella bronchiseptica
into the chromosome of
B. pertussis
, which intrinsically lacks O antigen, and using this system we analyzed phenotypic alterations in the resultant mutant strain of
B. pertussis
. The present results demonstrate that this system successfully accomplished the above-described purpose. We consider this system to be applicable to a number of bacteria other than
Bordetella
.
BioID Reveals Novel Proteins of the
Plasmodium
Parasitophorous Vacuole Membrane
Authors: Schnider Cilly Bernardette , Bausch-Fluck Damaris , Brühlmann Francis , Heussler Volker T. , Burda Paul-Christian
Published: January 2018

Intracellular pathogens are often surrounded by a host-cell derived membrane. This membrane is modified by the pathogens to their own needs and is crucial for their intracellular lifestyle. In
Plasmodium
parasites, this membrane is referred to as the PVM and only a limited number of its proteins are known so far. Here, we applied in rodent
P. berghei
parasites a method called BioID, which is based on biotinylation of proximal and interacting proteins by the promiscuous biotin ligase BirA*, and demonstrated its usefulness in identification of novel PVM proteins.
Two alternatives versus the standard Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) summary of findings (SoF) tables to improve understanding in the presentation of systematic review results: a three-arm, randomised, controlled, non-inferiority trial
Authors: Yepes-Nuñez Juan José , Morgan Rebecca L , Mbuagbaw Lawrence , Carrasco-Labra Alonso , Chang Stephanie , Hempel Susanne , Shekelle Paul , Helfand Mark , Baldeh Tejan , Schünemann Holger J
Published: January 2018

Objective

Summary of findings (SoF) tables present results of systematic reviews in a concise and explicit format. Adopted by many review groups including the Cochrane Collaboration and the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), optimal understanding of SoF table may be influenced by the type of information being conveyed and objectives or preferences of the end user. This study aims to compare three SoF table formats in terms of understanding, accessibility, satisfaction and preference with systematic review users.

Methods

The primary objective of this three-arm randomised controlled non-inferiority trial is to investigate whether an alternative Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) SoF table or Evidence-based Practice Center SoF table is non-inferior to the current GRADE SoF table in the understanding of the information presented to systematic review users, particularly for descriptive findings. Researchers, clinical practice guideline developers, policy-makers or knowledge transfer professionals will be recruited. Data will be collected electronically at baseline and after randomisation. Non-inferiority would be declared if the difference in the proportion of participants who understand the information displayed in the alternative SoF table is 10% or less.

Ethics and dissemination

The Hamilton Integrated Research Ethics Board reviewed this protocol. The findings from this study will be disseminated through a publication in a peer-reviewed journal.

Trial registration number

NCT02813941.
Impact of early palliative care on overall survival of patients with metastatic upper gastrointestinal cancers treated with first-line chemotherapy: a randomised phase III trial
Authors: Hutt Emilie , Da Silva Arlette , Bogart Emilie , Le Lay-Diomande Sara , Pannier Diane , Delaine-Clisant Stéphanie , Le Deley Marie-Cécile , Adenis Antoine
Published: January 2018

Introduction

Palliative care (PC) has usually been offered at the end-of-life stage, although the WHO recommends providing PC as early as possible in the course of the disease. A recent study has shown that early PC (EPC) provides a more meaningful effect on quality of life and, surprisingly, on overall survival (OS) than standard treatment for patients with metastatic lung cancer. Whether EPC benefits also apply to patients with metastatic upper gastrointestinal (GI) cancers is unknown.

Methods and analysis

EPIC is a randomised phase III trial comparing EPC plus standard oncologic care versus standard oncologic care in patients with metastatic upper GI cancers. Its primary objective is to evaluate the efficacy of EPC in terms of OS. Its secondary objectives are to assess the effects of EPC on patient-reported outcomes (quality of life, depression and anxiety) and the effect of EPC on the number of patients receiving chemotherapy in their last 30 days of life. Assuming an exponential distribution of survival time, 381 deaths are required to ensure an 80% power for an absolute difference of 10% in 1 year OS rates (40% vs 50.3%, HR=0.75; log rank test two-sided alpha=5%), leading to a planned sample size of 480 patients enrolled over 3 years and a final analysis at 4 years. The main analysis will be performed on the intent-to-treat dataset.

Ethics and dissemination

This study was approved by the ‘Comité de Protection des Personnes Nord-Ouest I’ (4 April 2016), complies with the Helsinki declaration and French laws and regulations and follows the International Conference on Harmonisation E6 (R1) Guideline for Good Clinical Practice. The trial results, even if they are inconclusive, will be presented at international oncology congresses and published in peer-reviewed journals.

Trial registration numbers

EudraCT: 2015-A01943-46; Pre-results.NCT02853474.
Evaluating the effectiveness of home exercise programmes using an online exercise prescription tool in children with cerebral palsy: protocol for a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Johnson Rowan W , Williams Sian A , Gucciardi Daniel F , Bear Natasha , Gibson Noula
Published: January 2018

Introduction

Children with cerebral palsy (CP) and other neurodevelopmental disabilities often receive a home programme of exercises to assist in reaching their therapy goals. Adherence to exercise programmes is necessary to attain the level of practice required to achieve goals; however, adherence can be difficult to accomplish. In this paper, we describe the protocol for a randomised controlled trial to evaluate the effectiveness of delivering a home exercise programme to school-age children with disabilities using Physitrack, an online exercise prescription tool with a website or app interface.

Methods and analysis

Participants aged 6–17 years, with CP or other neurodevelopmental disabilities, receiving community physiotherapy services in Western Australia, will be recruited. Participants will be stratified by age and functional mobility and randomised to either the intervention group, who will complete an 8-week home exercise programme using Physitrack, or the control group, who will complete an 8-week exercise programme without Physitrack. Researcher blinding to group allocation, and participant blinding to outcome, will be maintained. The primary outcome measures are adherence to the home exercise programme with weekly collection of home exercise logs; achievement of individualised goals by phone interview before and after intervention; and correctness of exercise performance by collection and analysis of videos of participants performing home exercises. Secondary outcome measures include enjoyment of physical activity, confidence to complete exercise programme, preferred method of delivery of programme and usability of Physitrack. A sample size of 58 participants will be necessary to see an effect on home programme adherence. Data will be analysed using the intention-to-treat principle.

Ethics and dissemination

Ethical approval was obtained from Curtin University Human Research Ethics Committee in July 2016 (10391). Outcomes will be disseminated through publication in peer-reviewed journals and presentations at scientific conferences.

Trial registration number

ACTRN12616000743460; Pre-results.
What fluids are given during air ambulance treatment of patients with trauma in the UK, and what might this mean for the future? Results from the RESCUER observational cohort study
Authors: Naumann David N , Hancox James M , Raitt James , Smith Iain M , Crombie Nicholas , Doughty Heidi , Perkins Gavin D , Midwinter Mark J
Published: January 2018

Objectives

We investigated how often intravenous fluids have been delivered during physician-led prehospital treatment of patients with hypotensive trauma in the UK and which fluids were given. These data were used to estimate the potential national requirement for prehospital blood products (PHBP) if evidence from ongoing trials were to report clinical superiority.

Setting

The Regional Exploration of Standard Care during Evacuation Resuscitation (RESCUER) retrospective observational study was a collaboration between 11 UK air ambulance services. Each was invited to provide up to 5 years of data and total number of taskings during the same period.

Participants

Patients with hypotensive trauma (systolic blood pressure <90 mm Hg or absent radial pulse) attended by a doctor.

Primary and secondary outcome measures

The primary outcome was the number of patients with hypotensive trauma given prehospital fluids. Secondary outcomes were types and volumes of fluids. These data were combined with published data to estimate potential national eligibility for PHBP.

Results

Of 29 037 taskings, 729 (2.5%) were for patients with hypotensive trauma attended by a physician. Half were aged 21–50 years; 73.4% were male. A total of 537 out of 729 (73.7%) were given fluids. Five hundred and ten patients were given a single type of fluid; 27 received >1 type. The most common fluid was 0.9% saline, given to 486/537 (90.5%) of patients who received fluids, at a median volume of 750 (IQR 300–1500) mL. Three per cent of patients received PHBP. Estimated projections for patients eligible for PHBP at these 11 services and in the whole UK were 313 and 794 patients per year, respectively.

Conclusions

One in 40 air ambulance taskings were manned by physicians to retrievepatients with hypotensive trauma. The most common fluid delivered was 0.9% saline. If evidence justifies universal provision of PHBP, approximately 800 patients/year would be eligible in the UK, based on our data combined with others published. Prospective investigations are required to confirm or adjust these estimations.
An assessment of thermal-image acquisition with an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) for direct counts of coastal marine mammals ashore
Authors: Gooday Oliver Jordan , Key Nicholas , Goldstien Sharyn , Zawar-Reza Peyman
Published: January 2018

We investigated the efficacy of infrared thermal imaging devices for detecting coastal marine mammals in forested coastal environments. Our objective was to determine whether pinnipeds could be detected through the forest canopy using thermal imagery. We used a UAV-mounted and a ground-mounted infrared camera to survey New Zealand fur seals (Arctocephalus forsteri) located in Ohau Stream and Point Kean coastal shrub forest on the east coast of New Zealand. These methods were compared to paired photographs and walk-through counts. Ground-mounted thermal images detected more seals than paired photographs during the cooler times of the day (morning and evening). In contrast, aerial thermal videos were successful in detecting fur seals in open areas, but were less successful in areas of high canopy cover (>80%). We discuss the advantages and limitations of thermal imaging for population sampling and provide some recommendations for future research.
Morphisms and Elements of Group-like Type in Weak Multiplier Bialgebras
Authors: López-Centella Esperanza
Published: January 2018

With the purpose of providing a categorical treatment of weak multiplier bialgebras (introduced by Böhm, Gómez-Torrecillas and López-Centella in 2015), an appropriate notion of morphism for these algebraic objects is proposed. This allows us to define a category wmb of (regular) weak multiplier bialgebras (with a right full comultiplication), containing as a full subcategory the category wba of weak bialgebras defined by Böhm, Gómez-Torrecillas and López-Centella in 2014. We present a great source of examples of these morphisms proving that, under some assumption, a functor between small categories induces a morphism of this kind between the natural weak multiplier bialgebra structures carried by the linear spans of the arrow sets of the categories. We explore the notion of elements of group-like type in a weak multiplier bialgebra, proposing a definition in the line of the one by the aforementioned authors for weak bialgebras. We show a big number of its properties and provide more general versions of many results known in the context of weak bialgebras. In particular, in analogy with the classical bialgebra setting (where the set of group-like elements is a monoid), we prove that the set of these elements possesses a structure of category.
On Generalized Non-commuting Graph of a Finite Ring
Authors: Dutta Jutirekha , Basnet Dhiren K. , Nath Rajat K.
Published: January 2018

Let S and K be two subrings of a finite ring R. Then the generalized non-commuting graph of subrings S, K of R, denoted by ГS,K, is a simple graph whose vertex set is [Formula: see text], and where two distinct vertices a, b are adjacent if and only if [Formula: see text] or [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text]. We determine the diameter, girth and some dominating sets for ГS,K. Some connections between ГS,Kand Pr(S, K) are also obtained. Further, ℤ-isoclinism between two pairs of finite rings is defined, and we show that the generalized non-commuting graphs of two ℤ-isoclinic pairs are isomorphic under some conditions.
Teaching artificial intelligence and humanity
Authors: Keating Jennifer , Nourbakhsh Illah
Published: January 2018

Considering rapidly evolving human-machine interactions.
Research on Improved NSGA-II Algorithm and Its Application in Emergency Management
Authors: Fang Xi , Wang Wenwen , He Lang , Huang Zhangcan , Liu Yang , Zhang Liang
Published: January 2018

This paper constructs a dynamic multiobjective location model; three objectives are considered: the first objective maximizes the total utility of relief supplies, the second objective minimizes the number of temporary facilities needed to operate, and the third objective maximizes the satisfaction for all demand points. We propose an improved NSGA-II to solve the optimization problem. The computational experiments are divided into two sections: In the first procedure, the numerical experiment is constructed by the classical functions ZDT1, ZDT2, and DTLZ2; the results show that the proposed algorithm generates the exact Pareto front, and the convergence and uniformity of the proposed algorithm are better than the NSGA-II and MOEA/D. In the second procedure, the simulation experiment is constructed by a case in emergency management; the results show that the proposed algorithm is more reasonable than the traditional algorithms NSGA-II and MOEA/D in terms of the three objectives. It is proved that the improved NSGA-II algorithm, which is proposed in this paper, has high precision application for the sudden disaster crisis and emergency management.
Impact of Various Acids and Bases on the Voltammetric Response of Platinum Group Metal Oxides
Authors: Chalupczok Sebastian , Kurzweil Peter , Hartmann Helmut
Published: January 2018

The voltammetric response of platinum metal oxides is discussed with respect to novel pH sensors combining both miniaturization and stability. For practical applications in solutions of any kind, for example, in tap water and in domestic sewage, various interferences must be considered, such as chloride and reducing agents. This work clarifies the voltammetric behavior of RuO2 electrodes in solutions of different pH values and ionic strengths.
A Challenging Case of Kikuchi-Fujimoto Disease Associated with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and Review of the Literature
Authors: Găman Mihaela , Vlădăreanu Ana-Maria , Dobrea Camelia , Onisâi Minodora , Marinescu Cristina , Voican Irina , Vasile Daniela , Bumbea Horia , Cîşleanu Diana
Published: January 2018

Kikuchi–Fujimoto disease (KFD) or histiocytic necrotizing lymphadenitis is a rare disease that is frequently underdiagnosed due to clinical features that are similar to those of non-Hodgkin lymphomas, systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), or infectious reactive lymphadenopathy. An excisional biopsy is required. We report a young Caucasian female diagnosed with KFD with skin lesions, complicating with SLE. The clinical course, laboratory, and CT findings are described, as are histopathologic features, for a better recognition of this rare disorder in clinical practice.
Outcomes in Cardiogenic Shock Patients with Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Use: A Matched Cohort Study in Hospitals across the United States
Authors: El Sibai Rayan , Bachir Rana , El Sayed Mazen
Published: January 2018

Background. ECMO is increasingly used for patients with critical illnesses. This study examines ECMO use in patients with cardiogenic shock in US hospitals and associated outcomes (mortality, hospital length of stay, and total hospital charges). Methods. A matched cohort retrospective study was conducted using the 2013 Nationwide Emergency Department Sample. Cardiogenic shock visits were matched (1 : 1) and compared based on ECMO use. Results. Patients with ECMO (N=802) were compared to patients without ECMO (N=805). Mortality was higher in the ECMO group (48.9% versus 4.0%, p < 0.001). Visits with ECMO use also had higher average hospital charges ($580,065.8 versus $156,436.5, p < 0.001) and average hospital LOS (21.3 versus 11.6 days, p < 0.001). After adjusting for confounders, mortality (OR = 8.52 (95% CI: 2.84–25.58)) and charges (OR = 1.03 (95% CI: 1.02–1.05)) remained higher in the ECMO group, while LOS was similar (OR = 1.01 (95% CI: 0.99–1.02)). Conclusions. Patients with cardiogenic shock who underwent ECMO had increased mortality and higher cost of care without significant increase in LOS when compared to patients with cardiogenic shock without ECMO use. Prospective evaluation of this observed association is needed to improve outcomes and resources’ utilization further.
Consensus of Fractional-Order Multiagent Systems with Nonuniform Time Delays
Authors: Liu Jun , Qin Kaiyu , Chen Wei , Li Ping , Shi Mengji
Published: January 2018

Due to the complex external environment, many multiagent systems cannot be precisely described or even cannot be described by an integer-order dynamical model and can only be described by a fractional-order dynamical model. In this paper, consensus problems are investigated for two types of fractional-order multiagent systems (FOMASs) with nonuniform time delays: FOMAS with symmetric time delays and undirected topology and FOMAS with asymmetric time delays and directed topology. Employing the Laplace transform and the frequency-domain theory, two delay margins are obtained to guarantee the consensus for the two types of FOMAS, respectively. These results are also suitable for the integer-order dynamical model. Finally, simulation results are provided to illustrate the effectiveness of our theoretical results.
The Circular RNA hsa_circ_0001445 Regulates the Proliferation and Migration of Hepatocellular Carcinoma and May Serve as a Diagnostic Biomarker
Authors: Zhang Xianwei , Zhou Hu , Jing Wei , Luo Ping , Qiu Shili , Liu Xuefang , Zhu Man , Liang Chunzi , Yu Mingxia , Tu Jiancheng
Published: January 2018

Circular RNAs (circRNA), a class of noncoding RNAs, have been found to be involved in various diseases. Here, the expression levels of the circRNA hsa_circ_0001445 in 73 pairs of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and adjacent nontumor tissues were investigated by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Our data demonstrate that the hsa_circ_0001445 levels were significantly decreased in HCC tissues (P<0.001) and markedly associated with the number of tumor foci (P=0.014). Furthermore, in vitro approaches showed that overexpression of hsa_circ_0001445 promoted apoptosis and inhibited proliferation, migration, and invasion of HCC-derived cells, suggesting that hsa_circ_0001445 might be involved in the development of HCC. In addition, we found that the plasma hsa_circ_0001445 transcription levels in HCC patients were lower than those in cirrhosis (P<0.001) and hepatitis B (P<0.001) patients as well as in healthy controls (P<0.001). In fact, receiver operating characteristic curve analysis indicated that plasma hsa_circ_0001445 could be a fairly accurate marker to distinguish HCC cases from healthy controls as well as patients with cirrhosis or hepatitis B.
Remember the Drive Home? An Assessment of Emergency Providers’ Sleep Deficit
Authors: Ferguson Brian A. , Shoff Hugh W. , McGowan Jennifer E. , Huecker Martin R.
Published: January 2018

Objective. Sleep deprivation decreases work performance and predisposes workers to deleterious health outcomes. We sought to evaluate sleep hygiene and fatigue among emergency physicians.Methods. In March–June 2016, physicians and residents at an academic emergency medicine program were invited to complete a survey evaluating sleep and alertness.Results. Six attending physicians and 26 residents completed the survey. Among six personal priorities, sleep ranked fourth behind family, work, and leisure. 75% stated poor sleep impedes effectiveness as a physician while 53% noted difficulty falling asleep before a night shift. In the last three months, 39% of subjects forgot driving home from a shift, and 34% had fallen asleep while driving. 34% used medications to assist with sleep (including melatonin (36%), alcohol (27%), and prescription drugs (9%)). Most providers attested to phone (88%) and television exposure (69%) immediately prior to goal sleep onset.Conclusion. Despite sleep being identified as a priority among EM physicians, deleterious habits remain. Poor sleep affects perceived effectiveness and personal safety, as evidenced by a significant portion of providers falling asleep on the commute home. Night shift is the chief obstacle to optimal sleep hygiene.
Remote Ischemic Postconditioning Protects against Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury by Inhibition of the RAGE-HMGB1 Pathway
Authors: Wang Xiangming , Wang Junhong , Tu Tiantian , Iyan Zakaria , Mungun Deeraj , Yang Zhijian , Guo Yan
Published: January 2018

Background. The aim of the present study was to observe the effect of RAGE-HMGB1 signal pathway on remote ischemic postconditioning in mice with myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury.Methods.Mice model of MIRI was established and randomly divided into three groups: control group, ischemia reperfusion group, and remote ischemic postconditioning group. Infarction size was detected by Evans blue and TTC staining. Cardiac function was detected by echocardiography measurement. The protein levels of RAGE, HMGB1, P-AKT, and ERK1/2 were detected by Western blot 120 min following reperfusion.Results.RIPostC could decrease the infarct size and increase LVEF and FS compared with I/R group. Two hours after myocardial ischemia reperfusion, the levels of RAGE and HMGB1 were significantly decreased in RIPostC group compared with those in I/R group. The level of p-AKT was significantly higher in the RIPostC group than in the I/R group. LY294002 significantly attenuated RIPostC-increased levels of Akt phosphorylation.Conclusion.RIPostC may inhibit the expression of RAGE and HMGB1 and activate PI3K/Akt signaling pathway to extenuate ischemic reperfusion injury in mice. It could further suppress the oxidative stress, have antiapoptosis effect, and reduce inflammatory reaction, but this effect has certain timeliness.
Comparison of Oil Content and Fatty Acids Profile of Western Schley, Wichita, and Native Pecan Nuts Cultured in Chihuahua, Mexico
Authors: Rivera-Rangel L. R. , Aguilera-Campos K. I. , García-Triana A. , Ayala-Soto J. G. , Chavez-Flores D. , Hernández-Ochoa L.
Published: January 2018

Two different extraction processes, Soxhlet and ultrasound, were used to obtain the oil extracts of Western Schley, Wichita, and Native pecan nuts cultured in Chihuahua, Mexico. The aspects evaluated in this study were the extraction yield of the processes and fatty acids’ profile of the resulting extracts. Gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was used to identify and determine the composition percentage of fatty acids present in pecan nuts oils extracted. The results obtained show that higher oil extraction yields were obtained by Soxhlet method with hexane (69.90%) in Wichita varieties. Wichita, Western Schley, and Native pecan nuts from Chihuahua are rich in PUFA (polyunsaturated fatty acids) and MUFA (monounsaturated fatty acids) and have low levels of SFA (saturated fatty acids). The predominant fatty acid present in all pecan nuts oils was linoleic acid followed by oleic acid. Myristic acid, palmitic acid, and linolenic acid were also identified in representative quantities. The results from this study suggest that there are statistically significant differences in the chemical composition of the pecan nuts oils extracted from the varieties cultured in Chihuahua, Mexico, and those cultivated in other regions of the world.
A Case of Spondyloarthritis in Patient Affected by Unicentric Castleman’s Disease Effectively Managed with Surgery Resection and Tocilizumab Treatment
Authors: Filippini M. , Cartella S. , Bonzanini O. , Morello E. , Tincani A.
Published: January 2018

A 38-year-old woman was referred to our hospital for rheumatologic manifestations (migrant arthritis and tenosynovitis), without psoriasis or family history of psoriasis, gastroenteric manifestations, or recent genitourinary infections. The instrumental and laboratory tests have suggested a diagnosis of undifferentiated seronegative HLA-B27-positive spondyloarthritis with predominantly peripheral involvement. The symptoms were very severe and resistant to anti-inflammatory drugs and steroids. She had a history of hyaline-vascular unicentric Castleman’s disease (HBV, HIV, and HHV-8 negative) treated with surgery resection. After a first pharmacological attempt with sulfasalazine (suspended for urticarial rash), we managed the patient with monotherapy tocilizumab 8 mg/kg, with full response of rheumatologic manifestations. The efficacy of tocilizumab was confirmed even after a follow-up of three years. Our experience seems to describe a new late-onset autoimmune disease (only 21 cases described in literature) potentially related to Castleman’s disease. The patient experienced marked improvement from IL-6-based therapy (tocilizumab).
Pulmonary Alveolar Proteinosis in Setting of Inhaled Toxin Exposure and Chronic Substance Abuse
Authors: Li Meirui , Alowami Salem , Schell Miranda , Davis Clive , Naqvi Asghar
Published: January 2018

Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP) is a rare lung disorder in which defects in alveolar macrophage maturation or function lead to the accumulation of proteinaceous surfactant in alveolar space, resulting in impaired gas exchange and hypoxemia. PAP is categorized into three types: hereditary, autoimmune, and secondary. We report a case of secondary PAP in a 47-year-old man, whose risk factors include occupational exposure to inhaled toxins, especially aluminum dust, the use of anabolic steroids, and alcohol abuse, which in mice leads to alveolar macrophage dysfunction through a zinc-dependent mechanism that inhibits granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) receptor signalling. Although the rarity and vague clinical presentation of PAP can pose diagnostic challenges, clinician awareness of PAP risk factors may facilitate the diagnostic process and lead to more prompt treatment.
Office-Cycling: A Promising Way to Raise Pain Thresholds and Increase Metabolism with Minimal Compromising of Work Performance
Authors: Tronarp Rebecca , Nyberg André , Hedlund Mattias , Häger Charlotte K. , McDonough Suzanne , Björklund Martin
Published: January 2018

Aim.Establishing the effects of low intensity cycling (LC), moderate intensity cycling (MC), and standing at a simulated office workstation on pain modulation, work performance, and metabolic expenditure.Methods.36 healthy adults (21 females), mean age 26.8 (SD 7.6) years, partook in this randomized3×3crossover trial with 75 minutes of LC on 20% of maximum aerobic power (MAP) output, 30 minutes of MC on 50% of MAP, and standing 30 minutes with 48-hour wash-out periods. Outcome measures were pain modulation (pressure pain threshold (PPT) and thermal pain threshold)), work performance (transcription, mouse pointing, and cognitive performance), and metabolic expenditure.Results.PPTs increased in all conditions. PPT trapezius showed the highest increase after LC, 39.3 kilopascals (kPa) (15.6; 78.6), compared to MC, 17.0 kPa (2.8; 49.9), and standing, 16.8 kPa (−5.6; 39.4),p=0.015. Transcription was reduced during LC and MC. Mouse pointing precision was best during standing and worst and slowest during MC. Cognitive performance did not differ between conditions. Metabolic expenditure rates were 1.4 (1.3; 1.7), 3.3 (2.3; 3.7), and 7.5 (5.8; 8.7) kcal/minute during standing, LC, and MC, respectively(p<0.001).Conclusions.LC seems to be the preferred option; it raised PPTs, more than doubled metabolic expenditure, whilst minimally influencing work performance.
Reliability‐Security Trade‐Off Analysis of Cognitive Radio Networks with Jamming and Licensed Interference
Authors: Ho-Van Khuong , Do-Dac Thiem
Published: January 2018

Cognitive radio networks (CRNs) allow coexistence of unlicensed users (UUs) and licensed users (LUs) and hence, mutual interference between UUs and LUs is neither ignored nor considered as Gaussian‐distributed quantity. Additionally, exploiting jamming signals to purposely interfere with signal reception of eavesdroppers is a feasible solution to improve security performance of CRNs. This paper analyzes reliability‐security trade‐off, which accounts for maximum transmit power constraint, interference power constraint, jamming signal, and Rayleigh fading, and considers interference from LUs as non‐Gaussian‐distributed quantity. Toward this end, exact closed‐form expressions of successful detection probability and successful eavesdropping probability, from which reliability‐security trade‐off is straightforwardly visible, are first suggested and then validated by Monte‐Carlo simulations. Various results demonstrate that interference from LUs considerably decreases both probabilities while jamming signal enlarges the difference between them, emphasizing its effectiveness in improving security performance.
Single Sitting Surgical Treatment of Generalized Aggressive Periodontitis Using GTR Technique and Immediate Implant Placement with 10-Year Follow-Up
Authors: Mouchref Hamasni Fatme , El Hajj Fady , Abdallah Rima
Published: January 2018

This case report exhibits a patient with generalized aggressive periodontitis who has been under maintenance for the past 12 years after being surgically treated in a single sitting and restored with dental implants. A 41-year-old systemically healthy male patient presented complaining of lower anterior teeth mobility and pain in the upper right quadrant. After clinical and radiographic examination, the upper right molars and lower anterior incisors were deemed unrestorable. Covered by doxycycline, the patient received a nonsurgical periodontal treatment. Three weeks later, teeth extraction, immediate implant placement, immediate nonloading provisional prosthesis, and a guided tissue regeneration were performed at indicated areas in a single sitting. The clinical decisions were based on patient compliance, the status of the existing periodontal tissues, and the prognosis of the remaining teeth. During the 12-year follow-up period, no residual pockets were observed and there was no exacerbation of the inflammatory condition. Marginal bone stability is present on all implants. For aggressive periodontal disease, a high risk of relapse as well as limited success and survival of dental implants should be considered. This case shows proper containment of the disease based on appropriate treatment planning and a strict maintenance program.
Near-Integrability of Low-Dimensional Periodic Klein-Gordon Lattices
Authors: Christov Ognyan
Published: January 2018

The low-dimensional periodic Klein-Gordon lattices are studied for integrability. We prove that the periodic lattice with two particles and certain nonlinear potential is nonintegrable. However, in the cases of up to six particles, we prove that their Birkhoff-Gustavson normal forms are integrable, which allows us to apply KAM theory in most cases.
Ileocecal Fistula Caused by Multiple Foreign Magnetic Bodies Ingestion
Authors: Cherchi Vittorio , Adani Gian Luigi , Righi Elda , Baccarani Umberto , Terrosu Giovanni , Vernaccini Nicola , Bresadola Vittorio , Intini Sergio , Risaliti Andrea
Published: January 2018

The incidence of accidental foreign body (FBs) ingestion is 100,000 cases/year in the US, with over than 80% of cases occurring in children below 5 years of age. Although a single FB may pass spontaneously and uneventfully through the digestive tract, the ingestion of multiple magnetics can cause serious morbidity due to proximate attraction through the intestinal wall. Morbidity and mortality depend on a prompt and correct diagnosis which is often difficult and delayed due to the patient's age and because the accidental ingestion may go unnoticed. We report our experience in the treatment of an 11-year-old child who presented to the emergency department with increasing abdominal pain, vomiting, diarrhea, and fever. Surgery evidenced an ileocecal fistula secondary to multiple magnetic FB ingestion with attraction by both sides of the intestinal wall. A 5-centimeter ileal resection was performed, and the cecal fistula was closed with a longitudinal manual suture. The child was discharged at postoperative day 8. After one year, the patient’s clinical condition was good.
Higher-Order Stationary Dispersive Equations on Bounded Intervals
Authors: Larkin N. A. , Luchesi J.
Published: January 2018

A boundary value problem for a stationary nonlinear dispersive equation of 2l+1 order on an interval (0,L) was considered. The existence, uniqueness, and continuous dependence of a regular solution have been established.
Experimental Study of Pulsed Discharge Underwater Shock‐Related Properties in Pressurized Liquid Water
Authors: Bian D. C. , Yan D. , Zhao J. C. , Niu S. Q.
Published: January 2018

Engineering background of hydraulic fracturing is applied to improve the permeability of unconventional gas wells, such as coal seams and shale gas wells, by a pulsed discharge mechanism. We studied the general relations between water shock wave properties (the maximum pressure, wave velocity, and energy conversion efficiency), the discharge voltage, and hydrostatic pressure during high‐voltage pulsed discharge experiments in pressurized liquid water. The following observations were made: (1) when the discharge voltage increased from 7 kV to 13 kV, the maximum pressure increased from 12.6 MPa (hydrostatic pressure PH = 12 MPa) to 40 MPa (PH = 6 MPa), wave velocity increased from 1418 m/s (PH = 12 MPa) to 1454 m/s (PH = 6 MPa), and energy conversion efficiency increased from 9% to 11%, and (2) when hydrostatic pressure increased from 0 MPa to 12 MPa, the maximum pressure and wave velocity augmented and then diminished slowly (the critical hydrostatic pressure occurs in the 3 to 6 MPa range), whereas the change of energy conversion efficiency was not obvious. Their properties are explained by the variation of electrical parameters during the pulsed discharge.
A Novel Location-Awareness Method Using CubeSats for Locating the Spot Beam Emitters of Geostationary Communications Satellites
Authors: Yang Weicai , Chang Qing , Kealy Allison , Xu Yong , Lan Tianyi
Published: January 2018

As more spacecraft are launched into the Geostationary Earth Orbit (GEO) belt, the possibility of fatal collisions or unnecessary interference between spacecraft increases. In this paper, a new location-awareness method that uses CubeSats is proposed to assist with radiofrequency (RF) domain verification by means of awareness and identification of the positions of the spot beam emitters of communications satellites in geostationary orbit. By flying a CubeSat (or a constellation of CubeSats) through the coverage area of a spot beam, the spot beam emitter’s position is identified and the spot beam’s pattern knowledge is characterized. The geometry, the equations of motion of the spacecraft, the measurement process, and the filtering equations in a location system are addressed with respect to the location methods investigated in this study. A realistic scenario in which a CubeSat receives signals from GEO communications satellites is simulated using the Systems Tool Kit (STK). The results of the simulation and the analysis presented in this study provide a thorough verification of the performance of the location-awareness method.
Total Hip Arthroplasty in a Patient with Oto-Spondylo-Megaepiphyseal Dysplasia Planned by Three-Dimensional Motion Analyses and Full-Scale Three-Dimensional Plaster Model of Bones
Authors: Tanaka Takeyuki , Ito Hideya , Oshima Hirofumi , Haga Nobuhiko , Tanaka Sakae
Published: January 2018

We present the case of a 28-year-old woman with oto-spondylo-megaepiphyseal dysplasia, which is a rare skeletal disorder, who underwent bilateral total hip arthroplasty. Full-scale three-dimensional plaster model of the acetabulum and the femur provided us with a feasible preoperative plan. Pre- and postoperative three-dimensional motion analyses proved a significant improvement in her ambulation and confirmed the efficacy of total hip arthroplasty. In conclusion, full-scale three-dimensional plaster models of the bone and three-dimensional motion analyses were useful for total hip arthroplasty in patients with skeletal dysplasia.
The Aqueous Extract of Gynura divaricata (L.) DC. Improves Glucose and Lipid Metabolism and Ameliorates Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Li Jinnan , Feng Jinlei , Wei Hong , Liu Qunying , Yang Ting , Hou Shengpan , Zhao Ying , Zhang Bo , Yang Cheng
Published: January 2018

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic disease characterized by hyperglycemia and dyslipidemia caused by impaired insulin secretion and resistance of the peripheral tissues. A major pathogenesis of T2DM is obesity‐associated insulin resistance. Gynura divaricata (L.) DC. (GD) is a natural plant and has been reported to have numerous health‐promoting effects on both animals and humans. In this study, we aimed to elucidate the regulatory mechanism of GD improving glucose and lipid metabolism in an obesity animal model induced by high‐fat and high‐sugar diet in combination with low dose of streptozocin and an insulin‐resistant HepG2 cell model induced by dexamethasone. The study showed that the water extract of GD (GD extract A) could significantly reduce fasting serum glucose, reverse dyslipidemia and pancreatic damage, and regulate the body weight of mice. We also found that GD extract A had low toxicity in vivo and in vitro. Furthermore, GD extract A may increase glucose consumption in insulin‐resistant HepG2 cells, markedly inhibit NF‐κB activation, and decrease the impairment in signaling molecules of insulin pathway, such as IRS‐1, AKT, and GLUT1. Overall, the results indicate that GD extract A is a promising candidate for the prevention and treatment of T2DM.
Diabetic Neuropathic Arthropathy of the Knee: Two Case Reports and a Review of the Literature
Authors: Patel Amit , Saini Aaron K. , Edmonds Michael E. , Kavarthapu Venu
Published: January 2018

Diabetic neuroarthropathy of the knee or Charcot knee (CK) is a lesser-known complication of diabetes mellitus, with a limited number of case reports and small case series published in the literature. The majority of these reports describe the complexities and challenges that arise in these patients undergoing knee arthroplasty procedures. We present two cases of CK, including a rare case of concurrent bilateral disease, and also a review of the current literature.
Pulmonary Sarcoidosis following Etanercept Treatment for Ankylosing Spondylitis: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Majjad A. , Bezza A. , Biyi A. , El Ochi M. R. , El Maghraoui A.
Published: January 2018

Antitumor necrosis factor therapies have revolutionized the treatment of some inflammatory diseases. However, the use of these agents is associated with the development of many paradoxical autoimmune diseases. Less well-recognized is the association with sarcoidosis. We report a 55-year-old female with long-standing ankylosing spondylitis who developed persistent dry cough and dyspnea while receiving etanercept therapy. High-resolution computed tomography scanning showed mediastinal lymphadenopathy and multiple nodules in both lung fields developed two months after the administration of etanercept. Lymph node biopsy was not practicable. Histopathological examination of minor salivary gland biopsy revealed noncaseating granulomata, and the serum angiotensin-converting enzyme was very elevated. All infectious studies were negative. Etanercept was discontinued plus a course of corticosteroids with a clinical improvement, and a follow-up high-resolution computed tomography scanning 4 months later showed evident regression of mediastinal lymph nodes and pulmonary nodules. Potential pathogenic mechanisms of this paradoxical effect of tumor necrosis factor-alpha blocking agents are discussed.
Oxaliplatin-Induced Acute ST Segment Elevation Mimicking Myocardial Infarction: A Case Report
Authors: Weidner Kathrin , Behnes Michael , Haas Jenny , Rusnak Jonas , Fuerner Paul , Kuska Mathieu , Mukherji Agnibh , Borggrefe Martin , Hofheinz Ralf-Dieter , Akin Ibrahim
Published: January 2018

Background: Oxaliplatin is a platinum-based antineoplastic agent used for the treatment of colorectal cancer and other gastrointestinal tumors. In combination with 5-fluorouracil for instance it is given in the so-called FOLFOX regimen in patients with colorectal cancer in the adjuvant as well as the palliative treatment setting. Cumulative neuropathy is a common cause of treatment discontinuation. Other toxicities are generally tolerable and managed by dose reductions and/or supportive treatment. While chronic cardiotoxic effects of cytostatics are well described, there are few reports on acute cardiotoxic reactions. Case Report: The present case describes the sudden development of a transient coronary vasospasm in a 56-year-old male patient mimicking an acute ST segment elevation myocardial infarction during systemic treatment with oxaliplatin. Conclusion: Oxaliplatin is one of the most commonly used cytostatics for gastrointestinal cancer. Coronary vasospasm has never been reported for oxaliplatin. Thus it is crucial to keep in mind that acute cardiotoxic side effects may occur, even with chemotherapeutic agents without a prior evidence-based description of such events.
Rigid Triple Endoscopy Improves Clinical Staging of Primary Head and Neck Cancer
Authors: Sharma Shachi J. , Linke Jens J. , Kroll Tobias , Wuerdemann Nora , Klussmann Jens P. , Guntinas-Lichius Orlando , Wittekindt Claus
Published: January 2018

Background: Correct pre-therapeutic staging of the first primary carcinoma (FPC) and detection of simultaneous second primary carcinomas (SSPCs) decisively influence therapy and prognosis of head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC). The aim of this study was to determine the benefit of pre-therapeutic triple endoscopy for detection of SSPC and pre-therapeutic T category. Methods: A cohort of 234 HNSCC patients with completed triple endoscopy was reviewed, focusing on pre-therapeutic T category and SSPC. Risk stratification for different subsites was evaluated. Results: The risk for SSPC was 5.56%. FPC of the oral cavity and oropharynx had the highest prevalence of SSPC (46.15%, 38.46%); most SSPCs were found in the hypopharynx. No SSPCs were found in the oral cavity, nasopharynx and oesophagus. Significant results in correct pre-therapeutic T staging have been achieved for the larynx (p = 0.021) and the oropharynx (p = 0.001). Conclusions: Triple endoscopies seem to be inadequate for SSPC detection in HNSCC patients. Endoscopies of the trachea and oesophagus should be reconsidered. Alternatively, risk-directed endoscopies of the hypopharynx might be performed in patients with oral cancer. For evaluation of resectability, conducting triple endoscopy could be reduced to a single endoscopy because the complication rate is low and pre-therapeutic T staging can be improved.
Elderly-Onset Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder with Pre-Existing Prednisone Allergy
Authors: Hollen Christopher , Suhaib Omer , Farrow Aaron , Sidorov Evgeny
Published: January 2018

We present a case of an 82-year-old man with new-onset neuromyelitis optica (NMO) spectrum disorder, the treatment of which was complicated by a severe pre-existing prednisone allergy. His age caused much initial doubt about his diagnosis, and his corticosteroid allergy altered our management as we attempted to minimize risk to the patient. Our patient was a healthy 82-year-old, right-handed man who presented with sensory loss of the bilateral lower extremities and progressive, painless vision loss. MRI showed bilateral pre-chiasmatic optic nerve and optic chiasm enhancement, along with enhancement within the thoracic spinal cord from T3 to T7. Serum NMO-IgG was positive with a titer >1: 100,000. Due to concern of allergic reaction, our patient initially refused high-dose Solu-Medrol and opted to try plasma exchange alone, but due to worsening of his symptoms we attempted to use dexamethasone as it had a theoretically lower risk of adverse reaction with a known prednisone allergy. There are several cases of elderly-onset NMO in the literature but this is the only case we could find of NMO accompanied by a rare severe allergy to prednisone. This case demonstrates the relative safety of dexamethasone as an alternative to methylprednisolone for acute management of NMO spectrum disorder, though efficacy has not been established in major trials. Cross-reactivity between various systemic corticosteroids is not as well established as topical corticosteroids, so it is difficult to assess the probability of a reaction between prednisone and methylprednisolone.