bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Meeting at the Duc's: On Eighteenth-Century Russian Empire Studies after 2022
Authors: Afingenov Gregory
Published: December 2024

This article examines the stakes of the 2023 renaming of the Eighteenth-Century Russian Studies Association to the Eighteenth-Century Russian Empire Studies Association. It argues that this renaming helps us to re-envision the stakes of the field and to conceptualize the Russian Empire as a conceptual space bigger than and not solely connected to modern-day Russia. It does so by looking at the Duc de Richelieu’s role in the history of modern-day Odesa and his reception by Soviet, Ukrainian, and Western scholars, focusing especially on his settler colonial project.
“[…] c’est le paÿs où je réussirai le mieux, & peut être le seul où je pourroi réussir tout à fait:”[1]James Galiffe, banquier genevois dans l’Empire russe, entre carrière commerciale et subjectivité patricienne
Authors: Von Streng Marie-Thérèse
Published: December 2024

Cet article s’intéresse à un aspect inédit du séjour de Jacques-Augustin (“James”) Galiffe dans l’Empire russe (janvier 1805 – mai 1814) : son expérience au Comptoir des banquiers de la Cour (Kontora pridvornykh bankirov) d’Alexander von Rall. L’analyse des egodocuments du Genevois (sa correspondance avec ses parents et son journal personnel) met la microhistoire au service de l’étude du fonctionnement des institutions bancaires de l’Empire russe au tournant des XVIIIe et XIXe siècles, tout en exemplifiant le rôle particulier que pouvait y jouer un patricien. Par ailleurs, ce travail s’intéresse, du point de vue de l’histoire des émotions, aux pratiques sociales de Galiffe, dans le but de comprendre comment sa situation professionnelle d’employé de banque interagissait avec son statut aristocratique.
Abstract:
This article focuses on one aspect of Jacques-Augustin (“James”) Galiffe's stay in the Russian Empire (January 1805 – May 1814): his experience as a clerk at the Court Bankers’ Counter (Kontora pridvornykh bankirov) under Alexander Rall’s supervision. Relying on Galiffe’s egodocuments (his correspondence with his parents and his personal diary), this study uses microhistory to shed light on the functioning of one of the banking institutions of the Russian Empire at the turn of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. Additionally, it uses the History of Emotions to explore Galiffe's social practices, aiming to unravel how his professional position as a bank clerk interacted with his aristocratic status.
A la découverte du monde des diaks et des podiatchis
Authors: Hildesheimer Françoise
Published: December 2024

Book Review
Michela. Sguardo-attraversoВзгляд сквозь
Authors: Ghidini Maria Candida
Published: December 2024

Obituary
MOBİLYA SEKTÖRÜNDE SATIŞ TAHMİNİ: YİNELEMELİ SİNİR AĞI MODELLERİNİN KARŞILAŞTIRMALI ANALİZİ
Authors: Şahin Onur , Çubukçu Burakhan
Published: December 2024

Günümüz iş dünyasında, şirketlerin başarılı bir şekilde faaliyet göstermeleri ve sürdürülebilir bir büyüme elde etmeleri, gelecekteki satışları doğru bir şekilde tahmin etmelerine bağlıdır. Bu bağlamda, stratejik planlama ve kaynak yönetimi süreçlerinde doğru ve güvenilir tahminlerin yapılması kritik bir öneme sahiptir. Bu çalışma, Yinelemeli Sinir Ağları (RNN) modellerini kullanarak bir mobilya firmasının gelecekteki satış tutarlarını tahmin etmeyi hedeflemektedir. Eğitim sürecinde Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM), Bidirectional LSTM (BiLSTM), Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU), Bidirectional GRU (BiGRU) gelişmiş yinelemeli sinir ağı modelleri kullanılmıştır. Çalışma, veri hazırlama süreçlerinden model eğitimine kadar olan adımları detaylı bir şekilde açıklamaktadır. Her bir modelin performansı, R-kare, Ortalama Mutlak Hata (MAE), Kök Ortalama Kare Hatası (RMSE) ve Ortalama Mutlak Yüzde Hata (MAPE) gibi ölçütler kullanılarak kapsamlı bir değerlendirmeye tabi tutulmuştur. Analiz sonuçlarına göre, BiGRU yöntemi tekrarlayan işlemlerde 0.94 R-kare skoru ile en yüksek doğruluğa sahip model olarak belirlenmiştir. Bu çalışma, yinelemeli sinir ağı modellerini kıyaslayarak şirketlerin satış tahmin süreçlerine nasıl entegre edilebileceği konusunda katkı sunmayı amaçlamaktadır.
EFFECTS OF ASYMMETRICAL STATOR STRUCTURE ON BLDC MOTOR PERFORMANCE FOR HOUSEHOLD APPLIANCES
Authors: Kartal Emin Tarik , Keskin Arabul Fatma
Published: December 2024

Brushless direct current motors (BLDCM) have been frequently preferred in the industry, especially in home appliances, due to their advantages such as long life, high efficiency, low maintenance costs and ease of control. In addition to these advantages, the main disadvantages of these motors are known to be high torque ripple and vibration levels. In this study, alternative asymmetric designs are realized in the stator tooth structure of the BLDCM designed for home appliances, and comparative analyses of the effects of the non-uniform air gap caused by the asymmetric tooth structure on the motor performance are presented. Two different asymmetric structures, namely the model with clockwise asymmetric design (CW) and the model with counterclockwise asymmetric design (CCW) in the stator tooth structure, are determined in the stator design. With these alternative designs, improvements are made in terms of torque ripple and cogging torque when compared with the reference motor; notably, the CCW-2 model achieves the lowest ripple at 19.4% compared to 23.1% for the reference motor, and a 42% reduction in cogging torque. The design of the motor models is made in ANSYS EDT program as two dimensional (2D) and analyzed with the Finite Element Method (FEM). In the analysis results, air gap flux density, torque, torque ripple and cogging torque are examined, and the flux density and torque spectrum obtained by Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) are presented comparatively
Machine Learning–Based Risk Factor Analysis and Prediction Model Construction for the Occurrence of Chronic Heart Failure: Health Ecologic Study
Authors: Xu Qian , Cai Xue , Yu Ruicong , Zheng Yueyue , Chen Guanjie , Sun Hui , Gao Tianyun , Xu Cuirong , Sun Jing
Published: December 2024

Background

Chronic heart failure (CHF) is a serious threat to human health, with high morbidity and mortality rates, imposing a heavy burden on the health care system and society. With the abundance of medical data and the rapid development of machine learning (ML) technologies, new opportunities are provided for in-depth investigation of the mechanisms of CHF and the construction of predictive models. The introduction of health ecology research methodology enables a comprehensive dissection of CHF risk factors from a wider range of environmental, social, and individual factors. This not only helps to identify high-risk groups at an early stage but also provides a scientific basis for the development of precise prevention and intervention strategies.

Objective

This study aims to use ML to construct a predictive model of the risk of occurrence of CHF and analyze the risk of CHF from a health ecology perspective.

Methods

This study sourced data from the Jackson Heart Study database. Stringent data preprocessing procedures were implemented, which included meticulous management of missing values and the standardization of data. Principal component analysis and random forest (RF) were used as feature selection techniques. Subsequently, several ML models, namely decision tree, RF, extreme gradient boosting, adaptive boosting (AdaBoost), support vector machine, naive Bayes model, multilayer perceptron, and bootstrap forest, were constructed, and their performance was evaluated. The effectiveness of the models was validated through internal validation using a 10-fold cross-validation approach on the training and validation sets. In addition, the performance metrics of each model, including accuracy, precision, sensitivity, F1-score, and area under the curve (AUC), were compared. After selecting the best model, we used hyperparameter optimization to construct a better model.

Results

RF-selected features (21 in total) had an average root mean square error of 0.30, outperforming principal component analysis. Synthetic Minority Oversampling Technique and Edited Nearest Neighbors showed better accuracy in data balancing. The AdaBoost model was most effective with an AUC of 0.86, accuracy of 75.30%, precision of 0.86, sensitivity of 0.69, and F1-score of 0.76. Validation on the training and validation sets through 10-fold cross-validation gave an AUC of 0.97, an accuracy of 91.27%, a precision of 0.94, a sensitivity of 0.92, and an F1-score of 0.94. After random search processing, the accuracy and AUC of AdaBoost improved. Its accuracy was 77.68% and its AUC was 0.86.

Conclusions

This study offered insights into CHF risk prediction. Future research should focus on prospective studies, diverse data, advanced techniques, longitudinal studies, and exploring factor interactions for better CHF prevention and management.
Understanding Individual Differences in Happiness Sources and Implications for Health Technology Design: Exploratory Analysis of an Open Dataset (Preprint)
Authors: Ennis Edel , Bond Raymond , Mulvenna Maurice , Sweeney Colm
Published: December 2024

BACKGROUND

Psychologists have developed frameworks to understand many constructs, which have subsequently informed the design of digital mental health interventions (DMHIs) aimed at improving mental health outcomes. The science of happiness is one such domain that holds significant applied importance due to its links to well-being and evidence that happiness can be cultivated through interventions. However, as with many constructs, the unique ways in which individuals experience happiness present major challenges for designing personalized DMHIs.

OBJECTIVE

This paper aims to (1) present an analysis of how sex may interact with age, marital status, and parental status to predict individual differences in sources of happiness, and (2) to present a preliminary discussion of how open datasets may contribute to the process of designing health-related technology innovations.

METHODS

The HappyDB is an open database of 100,535 statements of what people consider to have made them happy, with some people asking to consider the past 24 hours (49,831 statements) and some considering the last 3 months (50,704 statements). Demographic information is also provided. Binary logistic regression analyses are used to determine whether various groups differed in their likelihood of selecting or not selecting a category as a source of their happiness.

RESULTS

Sex and age interacted to influence what was selected as sources of happiness, with patterns being less consistent among female individuals in comparison with male individuals. For marital status, differences in sources of happiness were predominantly between married individuals and those who are divorced or separated, but these were the same for both sexes. Married, single, and widowed individuals were all largely similar in their likelihood of selecting each of the categories as a source of their happiness. However, there were some anomalies, and sex appeared to be important in these anomalies. Sex and parental status also interacted to influence what was selected as sources of happiness.

CONCLUSIONS

Sex interacts with age, marital status, and parental status in the likelihood of reporting affection, bonding, leisure, achievement, or enjoying the moment as sources of happiness. The contribution of an open dataset to understanding individual differences in sources of happiness is discussed in terms of its potential role in addressing the challenges of designing DMHIs that are ethical, responsible, evidence based, acceptable, engaging, inclusive, and effective for users. The discussion considers how the content design of DMHIs in general may benefit from exploring new methods informed by diverse data sources. It is proposed that examining the extent to which insights from nondigital settings can inform requirements gathering for DMHIs is warranted.
Integrating the Smokefree app into a multi-component intervention for people with mental health conditions who smoke: a brief report of addressing population-specific needs in a research context (Preprint)
Authors: Shoesmith Emily , Huddlestone Lisa , Pervin Jodi , Petersen Williams Petal , Sweetman Jennifer , Crane David , Johns Kerry , Ross Louise , Ratschen Elena
Published: December 2024

BACKGROUND

Evidence concerning the design and testing of mobile digital interventions for patients with mental health conditions, including severe mental illness is emerging. However, little is known about how to support patient needs and mitigate potential risks when offering a smoking cessation app in this population.

OBJECTIVE

We aimed to identify patient support needs in addition to patient and app-related factors influencing patient safety when interacting with the Smoke Free app.

METHODS

Workshops and interviews were conducted with members of a patient and public involvement (PPI) panel and mental health professionals (MHPs). Summaries of written and verbal feedback from PPI members were collated, and semi-structured interviews with MHPs were thematically analysed.

RESULTS

Five PPI members and six MHPs participated. PPI members identified support needs for app use, including a tailored demonstration of the app, and reassurance about data confidentiality. Safety issues identified by MHPs included potential inappropriate use of the ‘live’ in-app advisor function; unhelpful or risky social interactions when using in-app peer support groups, and app use exacerbating mental health symptoms related to the sharing of personal information.

CONCLUSIONS

An onboarding session, resources, and procedures to support the mitigation of key risks were developed to support patients with imminent discharges from acute mental health settings when interacting with the Smoke Free app. The next stage is to deliver the multi-component intervention in a randomised controlled feasibility study, including a process evaluation to evaluate the offer of the Smoke Free app and highlight any need for further refinements to facilitate uptake and engagement.

CLINICALTRIAL

ISRCTN77855199
Readiness of Medical Students in China to AI implementation in Clinical practice (Preprint)
Authors: Al-Gerafi Mohammed , AlBeshari Shaima , Zhou Yueliang , Alfadda Hind , Mahyoub Mueataz
Published: December 2024

UNSTRUCTURED

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has rapidly evolved from automating routine tasks to solving complex problems in various fields, including medicine. This study aims to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and readiness of medical students in China regarding AI implementation in clinical practice. An electronic survey was developed and distributed using wenjuan.com, targeting medical students across China. The survey included sections on demographics, general AI knowledge, specific knowledge of AI in medicine, attitudes towards AI, and AI integration in their current education. A total of 898 valid responses were collected and analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Most participants (56%) reported having knowledge of AI technologies, with a significant interest in applications such as drug discovery and clinical decision support. However, 66.6% could not name a specific AI application in medicine. Attitudes towards AI were generally positive, with 51.7% of students expressing enthusiasm for AI's role in their future careers. Despite this, concerns about data privacy, job replacement, and reduced human interaction were prevalent. Notably, 24.3% of students anticipated regular use of AI in their future practice, while 25.7% did not plan to use AI at all. While Chinese medical students show awareness and enthusiasm for AI in clinical practice, there is a significant gap in specific knowledge and readiness for its implementation. Addressing these gaps through enhanced AI-focused medical education could better prepare future healthcare professionals for the evolving landscape of medicine.
A Brief Overview on the Gold Vapor Laser
Authors: Jalil Muhammad Arif Bin
Published: December 2024

Abstract: In terms of both structure and function, the gold vapor laser and the copper vapor laser are extremely similar. By
substituting a pure gold wire for the solid copper, it is sometimes possible to use the same laser tube and power source for both
lasers. The laser's high average peak power in the red spectral area causes it to output monochromatic pulsed red light at a
wavelength of 627.8 nm. The repetition rate of the emitted beam is between 5 and 15 kHz. In the gold vapor laser, neon or
helium gas is frequently used as a buffer gas.[22
Mask and Social Distancing Detector for Enhanced Public Safety
Authors: S M Dr Benakappa
Published: December 2024

This paper presents an enforcement of safety measures such as wearing face masks and maintaining physical
distancing, which has become essential in various public places to ensure public health and safety. Despite the significance of
these measures, many individuals fail to comply, necessitating automated systems for monitoring and regulation. This work
explores using state-of-the-art deep learning models to create an effective face mask and social distancing detection system.
The study evaluates, compares, and contrasts various object detection frameworks to identify the most suitable models for these
tasks. Techniques such as Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) architectures MobileNetV2 are analyzed alongside singleshot detectors and multiple iterations of the YOLOv4 framework.
Advancement in Technology Improving Physical Therapy
Authors: Gupta Harshika , Bhatia Vaibhav , Deepanshu
Published: December 2024

Abstract: Aim: To enhance & awareness about both injury prevention and the overall well-being of individuals involved in
sports and exercise for evidence based practice
Development of a Compensation Mechanism and Legal Reporting Framework for Consumers
Authors: Arifin Zainal , Puasa Handayani Emi , Ghani Bayhaqi Naufal
Published: December 2024

This study aims to formulate a more effective and efficient compensation mechanism for consumers harmed by business practices in Indonesia and to analyze the obstacles encountered in the legal reporting process by consumers. The research employs a normative approach, involving an in-depth review of applicable legislation, case law, and relevant literature. The findings reveal that, despite various regulations governing consumer protection, there are still several weaknesses in the compensation mechanisms and the legal reporting process. Consumers frequently face difficulties in obtaining fair and prompt compensation and encounter complex and time-consuming reporting procedures. These issues stem from several factors, including a lack of consumer legal awareness, ambiguities in regulatory formulations, and weak law enforcement. Based on these findings, the study concludes that there is a need to reformulate both the compensation mechanisms and the consumer legal reporting process
Abstrak
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merumuskan mekanisme ganti rugi yang lebih efektif dan efisien bagi konsumen yang dirugikan oleh tindakan pelaku usaha di Indonesia, serta menganalisis hambatan dalam proses pelaporan hukum yang dilakukan oleh konsumen. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan normatif dengan melakukan kajian mendalam terhadap peraturan perundang-undangan yang berlaku, yurisprudensi, serta literatur terkait. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa meskipun terdapat berbagai peraturan yang mengatur perlindungan konsumen, masih terdapat beberapa kelemahan dalam mekanisme ganti rugi dan proses pelaporan hukum. Konsumen seringkali menghadapi kesulitan dalam memperoleh ganti rugi yang adil dan cepat, serta menghadapi prosedur pelaporan yang rumit dan memakan waktu. Hal ini disebabkan oleh beberapa faktor, antara lain kurangnya kesadaran hukum konsumen, ketidakjelasan dalam rumusan peraturan, serta lemahnya penegakan hukum. Berdasarkan temuan tersebut, penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa perlu dilakukan reformulasi terhadap mekanisme ganti rugi dan proses pelaporan hukum konsumen.
Enhancing mathematical connection skills: Interactive “Sikoma” media powered by smart apps creator
Authors: Widyaningsih Winda , Trimurtini T. , Supriyanto Teguh
Published: December 2024

Mathematical connection skills are needed in various ways. Innovations in learning mathematics such as media innovation improve students’ abilities. This development research develops Sikoma (Aplikasi Koneksi Matematis) interactive learning media using the ADDIE model which is expected to be valid, practical, and effective. The research subjects in the small-scale trial were 6 students of Elementary school of Tancep 2 grade IV, while the large-scale trial was 21 students of Elementary school of Tancep 1 grade IV. Based on the results of the validation value obtained that Sikoma learning media reached an average score of 93,1% with a very feasible category. The results of students’ responses obtained an average result of 98% so Sikoma interactive learning media can be practical. A paired sampel T-test result obtained that Sikoma interactive learning media can improve mathematical connection skills and using the N-Gain method gets an average score of 0,67 which is included in the moderate category. It is concluded that the Sikoma interactive learning media has proven be valid, practical, and effective to improving mathematical connection skills. It is hoped that this research can make a positive contribution in the form of interactive learning media in the field of education especially in mathematics education to improve students’ mathematical connection abilities.
CD10 Expression in Bladder Urothelial Carcinoma is Linked to Both High Tumor Grade and Advanced Stage
Authors: Devrim Tuba
Published: December 2024

Objective. Bladder urothelial carcinoma continues to be a vital problem despite developing treatment options and constitutes a patient group that requires close follow-up with a high recurrence rate. Bladder cancer recurrence following initial resection in patients with pTa and pT1 tumors can reach rates as elevated as 80%. This study aims to examine CD10 immunohistochemical expression in urothelial carcinoma of the bladder and evaluate its relationship with histopathological parameters.

Material and Method. 56 urothelial carcinoma cases taken from the bladder were included in our study. Histopathologically, hematoxylin-eosin (HE) stained sections of each case were re-evaluated and classified according to the current WHO grading system. Within the scope of the study, 57.4% of the cases were high-grade and 42.9% were low-grade urothelial carcinoma.

Results. Positive CD10 expression was detected in 80.4% of cases. A significant correlation was found between CD10 expression and tumor invasion and high histological grade (p˂0.001). Significantly higher CD10 expression was detected in invasive pT1, pT2, and pT3 tumors compared to non-invasive pTa tumors (p=0.003; 0.004, and 0.01, respectively). A significant positive correlation was also found between pT and CD10 (r = 0.43, p = 0.001). No relationship was found between CD10 immunoexpression and overall survival, disease-free survival, and other clinicopathological criteria.

Conclusion. The analysis revealed a robust correlation between CD10 expression and high tumor grade, invasion, and pathological stage in urothelial carcinoma of the bladder. Considering these collective findings, it was deduced that CD10 might play a role in tumor progression within the pathogenesis of bladder cancer.

Key Words: Bladder, Urothelial carcinoma, Immunohistochemistry, CD10
Yetişkinlerin Aralıklı Açlık Diyetlerine İlişkin Görüş ve Davranışları
Authors: Eşer Durmaz Sevinç , Nişancı Kılınç Fatma
Published: December 2024

Amaç: Aralıklı açlık diyetleri, günümüzde enerji kısıtlı diyetlere alternatif olarak görülmekte ve gittikçe popülaritesi artmaktadır. Araştırmada yetişkin bireylerin aralıklı açlık diyetleri hakkındaki tutum ve davranışlarını belirlemek amaçlanmıştır.
Yöntem: Çalışma, araştırmacılar tarafından literatür taraması sonucu oluşturulan yüz yüze anket formu uygulanarak yürütülmüştür. Çalışmaya sağlıklı iletişim kurabilen, gönüllü, sağlıklı 19-65 yaş bireyler dahil edilmiştir. Bireylerin beyana dayalı vücut ağırlığı ve boy uzunluğu bilgileri kaydedilmiş, bu değerler kullanılarak beden kütle indeksi (BKİ) hesaplanmıştır. Dünya Sağlık Örgütü’nün sınıflamasına göre BKİ <18,5 kg/m2 zayıf, 18,5-24,9 kg/m2 normal ağırlıklı, 25,0-29,9 kg/m2 fazla kilolu, ≥30,0 kg/m2 obezite olarak değerlendirilmiştir. Verilerin analizi Windows için SPSS 26.0 istatistik paket programında yapılmıştır. İstatistiksel analizlerde güvenilirlik katsayısı olarak p<0,05 belirlenmiştir.
Bulgular: Bireylerin %40,1’i erkek, %59,9’u kadın olup, yaş ortalaması 34,1±12,0 yıldır. %70,2’si aralıklı açlık diyet kavramını daha önce duyduğunu belirtmiş, aralıklı açlık diyet kavramının çoğunlukla internet/sosyal medya aracılığıyla duyulduğu (%54,9) görülmektedir. Bireylerin %46,6’sı aralıklı açlık tanımını bilmekte, aralıklı açlık diyet tanımını bilenlerin ortalama BKİ değerleri bilmeyenlerden anlamlı olarak farklıdır (t: 5,413, p<0,001). Aralıklı açlık tanımını bilenlerin %43,6’sı aralıklı açlık diyetlerinin ağırlık kaybında kısmen etkili olduğunu, %25,2’sinin bu diyetleri uyguladığı, %50,0’ının bu diyetlerin uygulanabilir olduğunu düşündüğü, %46,4’ü sürdürülebilirliğinin zor olduğunu düşündüğü belirlenmiştir. Sankey grafiğinde fazla kilolu ve obez bireylerin, normal ve zayıf bireylere kıyasla aralıklı açlık diyeti uygulama durumlarının daha yüksek olduğu görülmektedir.
Sonuç: Bireylerin çoğunlukla aralıklı açlık diyet tanımını bilmedikleri, aralıklı açlık diyetleri hakkında genellikle internet ve sosyal medyadan etkilendiği, aralıklı açlık diyetlerinin uygulanabilir ve sürdürülebilir olmadığını düşündükleri belirlenmiştir.
Multi-Layer Absorber based on Plasmonic Resonances for Photovoltaic Applications at Visible Spectra
Authors: Demirhan Yasemin
Published: December 2024

This paper introduces a broadband absorber based on a multilayered, double-cylindrical-shaped metamaterial, numerically characterized for its performance. The structure comprises four interacting layers that generate plasmonic resonances. CST microwave simulations were conducted to analyze its absorption characteristics. The results demonstrate that the proposed metamaterial absorber achieves 99% absorption at 847 nm frequency region and 98% absorption in the 500-1200 nm frequency region. Additionally, polarization dependency analysis confirms that the absorber performs as a perfect, polarization-independent absorber across the studied frequency range. It exhibits high absorption in both TE and TM modes and remains unaffected by polarization or variations in the incident angle. Numerical simulations reveal that the absorption performance is driven by a combination of Fabry–Perot resonance effects, localized surface plasmons, and propagating surface plasmons. In summary, the proposed metastructure demonstrates omnidirectional absorption, polarization independence, and wide-angle incident absorption. This design shows significant potential for applications in photodetectors, active optoelectronic devices, and sensors.
Mooring Buddhism: Chinese Infrastructures and Buddhist School Building in Central Namibia
Authors: Cho Yasmin
Published: December 2024

This article addresses the introduction of Buddhism to southern Africa in recent decades as part of the growing Chinese infrastructure on the continent. Based upon over thirty months of in-depth ethnographic research conducted at a Buddhist NGO in Central Namibia between 2021 and 2024, this arti- cle argues that, rather than serving as a source of spiritual inspiration and fulfilment, Buddhism in this context has become a form of (Chinese) infra- structure that enables and disables specific ways of acting, speaking and living among the Namibians who work at the NGO. It shows how Buddhism as a form of infrastructure slowly, subtly, yet surely becomes moored in the daily lives of the local people.
Low economy and SDGs, ESG, and PRI implementation: A study of organizational performance and brand building
Authors: Yeung Shirley Mo Ching
Published: December 2024

The aim of this paper is to increase the awareness of educators, entrepreneurs, policymakers, and managers in business and non-governmental organizations (NGOs) that the key elements for outstanding corporate responsible investment are brand building with Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), environmental, social, and governance (ESG), and United Nations Principles of Responsible Investment (UN PRI), incorporate PRI policy into corporations, and disclosure of ESG issues. To critically identify their relationship to the topic, by using NVivo, a text search was performed for the mentioned keywords. This is managerially relevant to organizations which are working on SDGs, ESG and PRI for corporate brand building. Based on the quantitative analysis of environmental materials on school uniforms of ESG School HK in Hong Kong and the focus group interviews in July 2024 and October 2024, it is further illustrated that technology may be applied for responsible and transparent product/service workflow for responsible investment. A validation model is needed to link up with the findings of this paper for improving organizational performance and brand building.
The correlation between financial and non-financial performance referred to a sample of banks listed on European stock exchanges
Authors: Provasi Roberta , Saracino Paola
Published: December 2024

In recent decades, corporate social responsibility (CSR) has become increasingly important in the economic and financial context, attracting increasing interest from companies, investors and society. Adopting sustainable practices, which consider environmental, social, and governance (ESG) issues, has become a priority for all organisations that recognise the importance of integrating non-financial aspects into their business model and strategy. This study examines the impact of non-financial performance, represented by ESG, on economic and financial performance in the European banking sector, which was one of the first to introduce CSR. There are several similar studies in the literature, but they are mainly limited to examining the relationship between a single ESG dimension and the financial and economic performance of companies. This study aims to expand the variables of the analysis. To this end, the study investigates the relationship between non-financial information, represented by the environment, human capital, business model and innovation, and financial information identified by the market price of shares, return on assets (ROA), return on equity (ROE), price/earnings (P/E) and book value per share (BVPS). The proposed analysis refers to a sample of companies listed on stock exchanges in the European Union (EU), for which the impact of ESG factors on financial performance is studied using a logit regression model.
Chemical characterization and differentiation of Montenegrin plum spirits obtained by two techniques of traditional batch distillation
Authors: Zejak Dejan , Popovic Branko , Leposavic Aleksandar , Spalevic Velibor , Tesevic Vele
Published: December 2024

Volatile compounds of plum spirit have a decisive influence on its quality
and are closely related to the method of production. In this paper, minor
and major volatile of plum spirits produced in small artisanal distilleries
of Montenegro, obtained by two batch distillation techniques traditionally
used (single and double distillation in alembic of the same construction)
were analyzed by GC-FID and GC-FID-MS methods. All plum spirits contained
all 8 major volatile compounds analyzed by GC-FID method, but out of a total
of 138 minor aromatic compounds detected, only 32 are common to all samples.
Wide ranges of concentrations of most volatile compounds indicated the great
heterogeneity of plum spirit production methods in Montenegro, included,
among others, two different distillation techniques. ?h? princip?l c?mp?n?nt
analysis have shown that differentiation of plum spirits obtained by single
or double batch distillation is not possible using the all compounds
analysed by GC-FID or GC-FID-MS, as well as compounds belonging the same
chemical class, but rather based on the content of the volatile compounds
typical for batch distillation tail fraction.
In silico molecular docking and ADMET prediction of ginkgo biloba biflavonoids as dual inhibitors of human HMG-CoA reductase and alpha-amylase
Authors: Agosto Nesteve
Published: December 2024

There is an increasing interest in investigating phytochemicals as inhibitors
of HMG-CoA reductase (HMGR) and ?-amylase enzymes. Inhibition of these
enzymes helps manage hypercholesterolemia and diabetes by reducing
cholesterol synthesis and blood sugar levels, respectively. In this study,
computational techniques via molecular docking and ADMET prediction were
used to determine the potential of five Ginkgo biloba biflavonoids
(amentoflavone, bilobetin, ginkgetin, isoginkgetin, and sciadopitysin) as
dual inhibitors of HMGR and ?-amylase. Amentoflavone (-42.26 kJ/mol) and
bilobetin (-41.00 kJ/mol) exhibited stronger binding affinities to HMGR
compared to the reference drug atorvastatin (-38.91 kJ/mol). For ?-amylase,
amentoflavone (-48.12 kJ/mol), bilobetin (-47.28 kJ/mol), and ginkgetin
(-46.44 kJ/mol) exhibited stronger binding affinities compared to the
reference drug acarbose (-43.93 kJ/mol). These docking results indicate that
amentoflavone and bilobetin have the potential to act as dual inhibitors of
these two enzymes. ADMET analysis showed that bilobetin demonstrated
favorable oral bioavailability and drug-likeness, adhering to Lipinski?s
rule of five. Despite exhibiting low gastrointestinal absorption, it was
predicted to be neither mutagenic nor hepatotoxic. Therefore, bilobetin is a
promising candidate for dual antidiabetic and antihypercholesterolemic
applications. Further in vitro and in vivo studies are recommended to
confirm these promising results.
Women in science and equity in Serbia - so near, yet so far
Authors: Parapid Biljana , Djikanovic-Tetikovic Bosiljka , Podunavac-Kuzmanovic Sanja , Bubanja Dragana , Djurovic Milica , Djukic-Dejanovic Slavica , Begovic Jelena , Stojsic-Milosavljevic Anastazija , Banko Ana , Alasnag Mirvat , Siller-Matula Jolanta , Jankovic Radmila , Starcevic Ana , Tiosavljevic Danijela , Buha-Djordjevic Aleksandra , Cuk Mirjana , Grahovac Jovana , Simic Dragan , Antonijevic Milan , Mrkic Mirko , Kass-Wenger Nanette , Kanjuh Vladimir
Published: December 2024

The concept of diversity, equity, inclusion and belonging is essential for research and academic programs and institutions worldwide, but although women do not lag behind men at entry and graduation from Serbian universities, equitable leadership does and it further hinders outcomes in every way: from translational science via healthcare up to legislative efforts to protect children, women and elderly. Although all these may seem as l?art-pour-l?art issues when compared to mere survival in war zones on two continents and all issues women face under circumstances of displacement and bans on rights to education, healthcare and sounds of their own voices in public, still it is the ongoing fight for rights lost in silence and where one least expects it that has to push every human being to fight for the oppressed and underprivileged.
Особенности профилактики экстремизма в молодежной среде
Authors: Зорина П.А.
Published: December 2024

В статье рассмотрена актуальность темы экстремизма в целом и молодежного экстремизма, в частности. В статье представлены определения слова «экстремизм» с точки зрения разных авторов, рассмотрены наиболее часто встречающиеся виды экстремизма (религиозный, политический, экономический, молодежный и т.д.), а также причины возникновения экстремизма в молодежной среде. Проанализировано профилактика молодежного экстремизма, как метода борьбы с экстремизмом в целом. Также выделены направления профилактики молодежного экстремизма и разработаны различные профилактические мероприятия в рамках этих направлений.
Система социальной мобильности российского общества: оценка эффективности в условиях современной реальности
Authors: Косинов С.С. , Самыгин П.С. , Самыгин С.И.
Published: December 2024

В статье отмечается, что основные каналы социальной мобильности (образование, армия, политические и общественные организации, профессиональный труд), которые прежде позволяли с уверенностью смотреть молодым поколениям российского государства в будущее, уже не выступают гарантом социального продвижения и жизненной самореализации, что говорит о кризисе системы социальной мобильности. Этой актуальной для российского общества проблеме посвящена данная статья, в которой анализируется, как сама система социальной мобильности с точки зрения ее открытости/закрытости, так и специфика причин, породивших в ее пространстве кризисные явления.
Результаты правового воздействия на личность и их классификация
Authors: Агасян К.Р.
Published: December 2024

В статье затрагиваются некоторые проблемы, связанные с результатами правового воздействия на личность. По мнению автора, классификация и анализ этих результатов должны способствовать  более избирательному и эффективному воздействию правовых средств на конкретную личность. Именно свойства права во многом определяют специфику правового воспитания как длительного процесса формирования правового сознания и правовой культуры членов общества и делают его правовым, так как само право является не только исходной базой такого процесса, но и основным источником и инструментальным материалом.
Эффективность правотворчества: аспекты понятия
Authors: Григорьев С.Э.
Published: December 2024

Статья посвящена вопросам эффективности правотворчества и ее основным характеристикам. Изучение эффективности правотворчества и ее аспектов должно стать существенным фактором повышения качества принимаемых нормативных актов, в том числе на уровне субъектов Российской Федерации.
Эффективность стимулирования правовой активности личности: некоторые аспекты проблемы
Authors: Стрельцов Н.В.
Published: December 2024

В статье затронут ряд вопросов, связанных со стимулированием правовой активности личности и повышением эффективности такого стимулирования. Следует учитывать, что правовая активность личности представляет собой многоаспектный феномен, и ее стимулирование также должно быть многоаспектным. В статье обозначены пути повышения эффективности стимулирования правовой активности личности.
Accounting policy of the organization
Authors: Панферова А.С.
Published: December 2024

Всем известно, что в любой компании бухгалтерский учет должен осуществляться согласно определенным правилам. Проблема заключается в установлении этих правил, реализация которых обеспечила бы наибольший эффект от ведения бухгалтерского учета. Именно с этой целью и разрабатывается учетная политика экономического субъекта. Основное назначение и главная задача принимаемой учетной по­литики – максимально адекватно отразить деятельность организации сформировать полную, объективную и достоверную информацию о ней, полезную для принятия эффективных экономических решений. Учетная политика охватывает все аспекты учетного процесса – методический, организационно-технический, обеспечивая тем са­мым целостность системы бухгалтерского учета в организации.
СПЕЦИФИКА УПРАВЛЕНЧЕСКИХ РЕШЕНИЙ В СИСТЕМЕ УПРАВЛЕНИЯ ОРГАНИЗАЦИЕЙ
Authors: Белов М.Т. , Рачипа А.В. , Самыгин С.И.
Published: December 2024

Одним из главных элементов управления организацией является разработка и принятие управленческих решений. В рамках данной статьи управленческое решение характеризуется как комплекс-ное, междисциплинарное явление.
ФАКТОРЫ РАЗВИТИЯСТИГМАТИЗАЦИОННЫХПРОЦЕССОВ В ОБЩЕСТВЕНА ПРИМЕРЕ ЛИЦС НАРКОЗАВИСИМОСТЬЮ
Authors: Слесарев А.В.
Published: December 2024

Развитие социальной политики Российской Федерации на современном этапе, несмотря на кризис экономики, поступательно движется вперед. Однако, с течением времени в ней начинают проявляться существенные недостатки. В данной статье авторы фокусируют внимание на процессах сегрегации отдельных категорий граждан, выявлении причин возникновения этих процессов и условиях их протекания. В качестве подтверждения актуальности исследования темы стигматизации в российском обществе было проведено социологическое исследование в отношении группы наркозависимых с целью выявления проявлений формирования стигматизационных веяний со стороны самого государства.
Становление искао признании правасобственностикак гражданско-правовогоспособа защиты
Authors: Кочеткова Т.Ю.
Published: December 2024

Статья освещает историю становления такого способа защиты, как иск о признании права собственности, начиная с римского права и заканчивая современным правом. Проводится анализ использования термина «признание» в гражданском праве и других отраслях. Отдельно изучается механизм признания в гражданско-правовых способах защиты. Руководствуясь полученными выводами и основываясь на современной судебной практике автор приходит к выводу о существовании такого самостоятельного способа защиты, как признание права собственности.
Предупреждениепреступностии уголовно-правовыенормы с двойнойпревенцией
Authors: Шуйский А.С.
Published: December 2024

К вопросам понятия и сущности превентивного потенциала средств в уголовно-правовых вопросах, применения различных форм уголовной ответственности и наказания, ученые-юристы обращались многократно. Однако с появлением новых форм преступности в условиях социальной реальности возникает острая проблема противодействия преступным деяниям посредством уголовно-правовых норм, где главной аксиомой предупреждения преступлений и ее производных является превентивная функция, реализуемая благодаря общей и частной превенции. В статье рассмотрен также эффект уголовно-правовых норм с двойной превенцией, определяемый непосредственной связью превентивного действия первичного и вторичного объектов, где в качестве условий для совершения нового преступного действия выступает ответственность, предусмотренная нормой с двойной превенцией за предшествующее преступное деяние.
ОБЗОР ПЕРЕДОВЫХ ПРОГРАММ СТРАХОВАНИЯ ИМУЩЕСТВА ЭЛЕКТРОГЕНЕРИРУЮЩИХ КОМПАНИЙ ЗАПАДНОЙ ЕВРОПЫ
Authors: Фомичева Е.В.
Published: December 2024

Электрогенерирующие компании Российской Федерации, образовавшиеся в результате реформы РАО «ЕЭС России», продолжают страховать свои активы, придерживаясь сложившихся традиций. Что это: консервативная политика управления рисками или проверенный инструмент защиты активов? В рамках данной работы автор проводит обзор передовых мировых программ страхования имущества компаний электроэнергетической отрасли, с целью адаптации современных инструментов защиты имущества и применения их российскими электрогенерирующими компаниями. Основной акцент в работе сделан на программы страхования Enel S.p.A., Uniper SE, Fortum Oyj – иностранные инвесторы, которые приобрели российские генерирующие активы – ОГК-5, ОГК-4 и ТГК-10 соответственно.
СОЦИАЛЬНАЯ ПОЛИТИКА И СОЦИАЛЬНАЯ СПРАВЕДЛИВОСТЬ КАК ИНДИКАТОРЫ СОЦИАЛЬНОЙ БЕЗОПАСНОСТИ РОССИИ
Authors: Демченко С.Г. , Верещагина А.В. , Самыгин С.И.
Published: December 2024

В данной статье анализируется проблема социальной безопасности Рос-сии с позиций таких индикаторов, как соци-альная политика и социальная безопасность. Предложенный ракурс исследования обусловлен тем, что социальная политика, как полагают авторы статьи, является выраженным в практике государственного управления отношением со стороны государства к населению, его нуждам, правам и потребностям. Социальная политика детерминирована социокультурной и ментальной специ-фикой общества, а потому считать ее адекватной или неадекватной принципам справедливости можно только в соотношении с восприятием справедли-вости в конкретном социуме. Российская социальная реальность с ее социальной политикой, системой неравенства, социальной незащищенностью нуждающихся в этом социальных групп оценивается авторами как социально не-справедливая и определяющая высоко не-безопасный фон социального развития об-щества.
Постпенитенциарнаяадаптация:основные проблемыи способы их решения
Authors: Шапарь М.А.
Published: December 2024

В статье рассматриваются основные проблемы, с которыми сталкиваются осужденные в первые месяцы после освобождения, проводится криминологическое исследование, направленное на выявление причин, препятствующих ресоциализации осужденных. На основании проведенного анализа, вносятся предложении о внесении изменений в Уголовно-исполнительный кодекс Российской Федерации, направленных на оказание помощи осужденным, отбывшим наказание в местах лишения свободы.
Финансовая грамотностьв российском обществе:актуализация проблемыи способы ее решенияс использованиемпотенциала подготовкибудущих учителей1
Authors: Петрулевич И.А.
Published: December 2024

В данной статье предпринимается попытка проанализировать связь между обеспечением финансовой грамотности населения и решением проблем, которые возникают у российских граждан в качестве участников финансовых отношений. Проблематика актуализирируется на основе данных статистического учета и социологических опросов, которые свидетельствуют о том, что значительная часть населения Российской Федерации имеет финансовые затруднения из-за отсутствия элементарной грамотности в этой области экономики. В качестве способа решения указанной проблемы автор предлагает обучение школьников основным принципам управления финансами домохозяйств, что предполагает включение в учебные планы профилей педагогического направления учебного курса «Финансовая грамотность».
ПРОБЛЕМА НЕУСТАВНЫХ ОТНОШЕНИЯ В СОВРЕМЕННОЙ РОССИЙСКОЙ АРМИИ
Authors: Гришай Владимир Николаевич , Баштовой Владимир Юрьевич , Кириченко Сергей Николаевич , Сыпачев Сергей Владимирович
Published: December 2024

Проблемой современной российской армии является ее криминализация, ярким проявлением которой выступают неуставные отношения в воинских коллективах. Авторами выявляются предпосылки формирования неуставных отношений на уровне дисфункциональности самого института армии, и, в частности, его функциональной сферы, ответственной за воспитание новобранцев. В статье провидится общий обзор внешних и внутренних факторов, определяющих криминализацию отношений в современной российской армии.
ВЗАИМОВЛИЯНИЕ УСТАНОВОКСОЦИАЛИЗАЦИИ ЛИЧНОСТИ ИСИСТЕМЫ ПУБЛИЧНОГО ПРАВА
Authors: Беляков Сергей Григорьевич
Published: December 2024

Правовая информация качественно изменяет масштабы и уровни коммуникации, а также возможности ролевого взаимодействия между людьми. Наряду с этим, алгоритм разработки и реализации перспектив развития социума, имеет ряд существенных недостатков. Среди них можно выделить: недостаточность профессиональной подготовки в среде юристов; отсутствие опыта использования соответствующих социальных технологий (в частности, исследования правовых норм в социологии); отсутствие или слабые степени учёта мнения населения о направлениях развития права и практики законотворчества.
Социальный капиталкак методологическаяоснова эффективностисоциальный сетей врегиональном сообществе
Authors: Бояринова Ирина Владимировна , Начкебия Майя Севериановна
Published: December 2024

Статья посвящена исследованию социального капитала, имеющего существенное методологическое значение для исследования эффективности социальных сетей в региональном сообществе. Согласно данной методологии, социальная действительность предстаёт как среда, наделенная объективными различиями, связанными с разделением между акторами различных капиталов, т.е. определенные социальные отношения. По мнению авторов, социальный капитал рассматривается как структура отношений индивида с социальными субъектами различной природы (человеком, группой людей, организацией), опосредующую его способность к формированию других видов капиталов и ресурсов, обеспечивающих возможность реализации его потребностей и целей.
Парадоксы толерантностии девиантное поведениемолодежи
Authors: Верещагина Анна Владимировна , Гафиатулина Наталья Халиловна , Самыгин Сергей Иванович
Published: December 2024

В статье рассматривается внутренняя противоречивость понятия «толерантность», а также ограничения и вызовы, которыми сопровождается распространение универсальных принципов толерантности в современном глобальном мире. По итогам исследования авторами делается вывод о существовании различных моделей толерантности, а также о характере влияния толерантности на представления о девиантном поведении молодежи в современном обществе, анализируется проблема пересмотра границ между нормой и отклонением, что порождает проблему конструирования новых норм и форм девиации в молодежной среде.