bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENGARUH PERBANDINGAN CAMPURAN UDARA DAN BAHAN BAKAR PADA MAIN JET KARBURATOR TERHADAP PERFORMANCE MOTOR BAKAR BENSIN
Authors: Soares Lucas Peregrina Zeria Masu , Putra Toni Dwi
Published: January 2019

Motor bakar merupakan salah satu pesawat yang digunakan sebagai mesin penggerak utama. Oleh karena itu tenaga yang dibutuhkan sangat bervariasi. Tenaga yang dihasilkan motor bakar berasal dari pembakaran campuran antara bahan bakar dan udara yang terjadi didalam ruang bakar. Dengan perkembangan teknologi manusia mulai mencari alternatif untuk usaha pencapaian daya yang maksimum dengan mengoptimalkan kerja dari sistem motor bakar. Dari sekian banyak usaha yang digunakan, yang menjadi sorotan disini adalah pengoptimalan pembakaran Bahan bakar. Sebab kerja yang dihasilkan engine tergantung perbandingan jumlah udara dan bahan bakar yang masuk persatuan waktu. Untuk pengoptimalan pembakaran bahan bakar kami disini mencoba menganalisa pengaruh diameter main jet karburator yang nantinya akan mempengaruhi perbandingan campuran bensin dan udara pada motor bensin Toyota Kijang 4K 4 Langkah 1300sebagai usaha untuk peningkatan unjuk kerja. Hubungan antara putaran dengan pemakaian bahan bakar di peroleh hasil bahwa pemakaian bahan bakar dengan putaran berbanding lurus. Dari hasil penelitian pemakaian bahan bakar dengan putaran yang mengunakan main jet 1,15 mm adalah yang paling besar (boros). Bahwa semakin tinggi putaranya dayanya semakin meningkat. Dari ketiga main jet yang dipergunakan, main jet 1,05 mm yang lebih baik (daya yang dihasilkanbesar). Sedangkan main jet 1,05 mm yang paling optimal, daya yang di hasilkan besar dan konsumsi bahan bakarnya sedikit. Dilihat dari putaran 3000 rpm dapat disimpulkan diameter main jet yang mempunyai daya efektif yang besar dan iritdalam pemakaian bahan bakar adalah diameter main jet 1,05 mm, sebab diantara ketiga main jet yang mempunyai Daya Efektif (Ne) yang besar adalah diameter 1,05 mm dan 1,15 mm, tetapi dilihat dari Pemakaian bahan bakar (Fh) diameter 1,15 yang paling besar, dapat diartikan juga diameter 1,15 mm yang paling boros Kata kunci: Motor bakar, Main Jet, Bahanbakar dan Daya
Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Auditory Intellectually Repetition terhadap Kemampuan Pemahaman Konsep Matematis
Authors: Sarniah Siti , Anwar Chairul , Putra Rizki Wahyu Yunian
Published: January 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah peningkatan kemampuan pemahaman konsep matematis siswa dengan model pembelajaran Auditory Intellectually Repetition (AIR) lebih baik dari pada siswa yang menggunakan model pembelajaran yang biasa digunakan oleh guru. Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian kuantitatif, dengan metode eksperimen semu. Desain yang digunakan adalah Pretest-Posttest Control Group Design. Populasinya adalah seluruh siswa kelas VIII di salah satu SMP Lampung Selatan. Simple random sampling merupakan teknik dalam pengambilan sampel pada penelitian ini. Kelas VIII A sebagai kelas eksperimen dan kelas VIII B sebagai kelas kontrol. Berdasarkan hasil uji hipotesis N-gain kemampuan pemahaman konsep matematis pada materi relasi dan fungsi diperoleh bahwa kemampuan pemahaman konsep matematis siswa dengan model pembelajaran Auditory Intellectually Repetition (AIR) lebih baik dari pada siswa yang menggunakan model pembelajaran biasa.

Kata kunci: Auditory Intellectually Repetition, pemahaman konsep.

 

ABSTRACT

This study aims to determine whether the increasing of students mathematical concepts understanding on the class with Auditory Intellectually Repetition (AIR) model is better than on the class with usual learning models. This study is a quantitative research by using the quasi-experimental method. The design is Pretest-Posttest Control Group Design. The population is all of eighth grade students of a Junior High School in South Lampung. Simple random sampling technique is used to get the sample. The VIII A class is the experimental class and VIII B class is the control class. Based on the results of the N-gain hypothesis test of the ability to understand mathematical concepts in relation and function material, the understanding of students' mathematical concepts with the Auditory Intellectually Repetition (AIR) learning model is better than students who use usual learning models.

Keywords: Auditory Intellectually Repetition, concept understanding.
Quantitative Evaluation of Laryngopharyngeal Reflux with Reflux Finding Score (RFS).
Authors: Shamas Irfan UL
Published: January 2019

Introduction: Laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) also known as extra esophageal reflux disease refers to retrograde flow of gastric contents to the upper aero-digestive tract. Belafsky, Postma, and Koufman have developed the reflux finding score (RFS) to diagnose LPR. My aim was to test the score in patients with LPR to reveal the validity and effectiveness of present medical management based on changes in RFS.Materials and Methods: One hundred patients with LPR were examined prospectively in District Hospital Pulwamawith 70 degree Hopkins endoscope and RFS was evaluated both before start and completion of a set medical management with lifestyle modifications. 76.7% patients reported symptomatic improvement after one month of treatment. There was no significant quantitative decrease in RFS after one month of treatment.Conclusion: Based on this study RFS is a reliable and quantitative system to evaluate and follow up patients at the time of diagnosis and subsequent evaluation after therapy.International Journal of Human and Health Sciences Vol. 03 No. 02 April’19. Page: 105-108
Brand Resonance as a Driver of Customer Retention: Empirical Evidence from Microfinance Banks of Pakistan
Authors: Gul Rukhsana , Gul Rehman , Gul Faheem , Gul Naeem
Published: January 2019

Customer retention is recognized as key to achieving long-term business success. However, in a quest to increase customer retention, marketing scholars overwhelmingly focused on customer satisfaction, trust, and commitment to fuel customer retention. Whereas, the influence of brand resonance (e.g., customer engagement, attachment, loyalty, and sense of community) on customer retention has been surprisingly ignored in the marketing literature. To address this knowledge gap, the present study aims to highlight the importance of brand resonance to determine customer retention in the microfinance sector. To meet this end, we involved (n = 407) existing clients of microfinance in urban and rural areas of Pakistan. Structural equation modeling technique was used to validate the proposed theoretical model. The results of this study show that customer engagement had a strongest positive effect on customer retention, followed by customer loyalty, customer attachment, and sense of community. Finally, we discuss in depth the limitations, future research opportunities, and managerial implications for the effect of brand resonance on customer retention.
Wiara a tematy społeczne i polityczne w programie publicystycznym „Kościół – Wydarzenia – Komentarze” w Radiu Plus w 2016 roku
Authors: Cichy Marta
Published: January 2019

Obecnie na polskim rynku radiowym istnieje wiele rozgłośni katolickich, które są ważnym nośnikiem ewangelizacji. Najwyższą słuchalność ma ponadregionalna sieć rozgłośni lokalnych Radia Plus, która nadaje program o charakterze społeczno- -religijnym. Przeanalizowano 89 materiałów znajdujących się w archiwum programu Kościół – Wydarzenia – Komentarze. Celem artykułu jest ukazanie różnorodności tematów poruszanych na antenie, uwzględniając jednocześnie wątki ważne dla Kościoła w 2016 roku. Pod względem metod i treści tekst jest napisany w stylu dokumentacyjnym.
W kwestii prawdziwości dzieł sztuki
Authors: Dębowski Józef
Published: January 2019

W niniejszym artykule rozważam możliwość orzekania prawdy i fałszu (cech prawdziwości i fałszywości) o wytworach aktywności artystycznej człowieka, czyli dziełach  sztuki. Rozważania te zawierają trzy ograniczenia: (1) w polu moich zainteresowań pozostają przede wszystkim literackie dzieła sztuki; (2) chodzi mi przede wszystkim o czysto poznawczy sens prawdy i fałszu, w szczególności, możliwość aplikacji tzw. klasycznej definicji prawdy; (3) za podstawę swoich rozważań (a co najmniej ich punkt wyjścia) biorę przede wszystkim ustalenia wypływające z rozważań fenomenologów, w szczególności: W. Stróżewskiego, R. Ingardena, M. Heideggera i E. Husserla. Ustalenia te pozwalają mi ostatecznie przyjąć, iż dzieła sztuki nie mogą być wprawdzie nosicielami prawdy klasycznie pojętej (ta bowiem jest własnością sądów sensu stricte), ale są i mogą być siedliskiem „prawdy jako manifestacji” (veritas ut manifestatio).
„W przestrzeń bezgraniczną marzeniem mknę skrzydlatem…”. O przestrzeni w wybranych lirykach Zdzisława Dębickiego
Authors: Borek Bartłomiej
Published: January 2019

Poetycka twórczość Zdzisława Dębickiego (1871‒1931) to przykład pisarstwa korzystającego z różnych poetyk, co przejawiało się w wielorakim charakteryzowaniu składających się na nią przestrzeni. Autor Nocy bezsennych, uważany za poetę minorum gentium, umiejętnie wykorzystywał literackie dokonania ówczesnych poetów, powołując do istnienia obszary, pełniące jednocześnie funkcję ekspresji własnej podmiotowości artystycznej. Czytanie liryków Dębickiego pozwala na zestawienie intymnych zwierzeń podmiotu lirycznego z ogołoconą z bogactwa opisu pustą przestrzenią. Przestrzeń, jako jedna z kategorii epistemologiczno-ontologicznych, nie jest dla poety jedynie narzędziem służącym tworzeniu atrakcyjnego obrazka, ale przede wszystkim stanowi asumpt do dociekań poznawczych.
An Ethnobotanical Survey and Quantitative Study of Indigenous Medicinal Plants Used in the Algerian Semi-arid Region
Authors: Kefifa A. , Saidi A. , Hachem K. , Mehalhal O.
Published: January 2019

This paper presents the first quantitative ethnobotanical study of the flora in the semi-arid region in the southwest part of Algeria. The aim of this ethnobotanical survey in the region of El Bayadh situated in the semi-arid part of Algeria was to identify the main medicinal plants used by the local inhabitants to treat different diseases and to collect all the data on their therapeutic characteristics. One hundred informants of different ages were interviewed for this study (69 women and 31 men). Both quantitative and qualitative information were collected through open semi-structured face-to-face interviews with the local people. Data were organized and analyzed by descriptive statistics. The ethnobotanical data were analyzed using various important quantitative indices calculated for each of the recorded medicinal plant species like use value (UV), relative frequency of citation (RFC), relative importance index (RII), informants’ agreement ratio (IAR), informant consensus factor (ICF), fidelity level (FL), and family importance value index (FIV). In addition, a correlation analysis was performed to check the level of association between RFC and both UV and RII. It was reported that 44 useful plant species, belonging to 26 botanical families were used in the treatment of various diseases. The Asteraceae family was the most common family (6 species, 13.64%, FIV = 0.94) of all the medicinal plants recorded in this study. Leaves were the most commonly used plant part, accounting for 50.77% of the plants reported. Eighty-three diseases were identified and grouped into eleven categories, dominated by diseases of the nervous system and sensory organs (ICF = 0.94), which were treated with local medicinal plants. There is a clear dominance of Artemisia herba alba Asso. (Chih) in the three important ethnobotanical indices (UV, RFC, and RII).We found in this study five plant species having maximum fidelity level (100%) where they were used to treat only one disease. The Pearson correlation coefficient between RFC and UV (0.986**), and between RFC and RII (0.713**) showed highly positive significant association between RFC and both UV and RI of plant use in the study area. We deduce that herbal medicine is used in selfmedication of the local population; however, we also draw attention to the fact that the incoherent and limitless use of the medicinal flora constitutes a potential risk contributing to the degradation of the plant biodiversity of the area of study. These results may complement the database of the national medicinal flora and support research in phytochemistry and pharmacology to discover new drugs and approve ethnomedicinal knowledge.
POLA PERMUKIMAN TRADISIONAL DI WILAYAH MASYARAKAT HUKUM ADAT WET SEMOKAN KECAMATAN BAYAN KABUPATEN LOMBOK UTARA
Authors: Asmadi Juniansah , Yuniarman Ardi
Published: January 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi pola permukiman tradisional Di Wilayah Masyarakat Hukum Adat Wet Semokan Kecamatan Bayan Kabupaten Lombok Utara. Pada penelitian ini metoda yang dipergunakan adalah pendekatan rasionalistik dengan paradigma kualitatif. Dimana metodologi penelitian kualitatif rasionalitik ini berangkat dari pendekatan holistik berupa grand concepts (s) yang dijabarkan menjadi teori substantif. Temuan dari penelitian ini diperoleh bahwa Wilayah Wet Semokan terdapat wilayah sentral yang menjadi pusat pemerintahan adat yang ditandai dengan bangunan masjid kuno dan tiga rumah adat bagi pemangku adat utama dalam menjalankan tugasnya, serta terdapat delapan kawasan permukiman tradisional yang berada dalam wilayah teritori wilayah adat yaitu permukiman tradisional: 1. Segenter, 2. Lendang Jeliti, 3. Dasan Gelumpang, 4. Telaga Longkak, 5. Semokan Ruak, 6. Baban Kuta, 7. Kebon Patu, dan 8. Tereng Tebus. Didalam kawasan permukiman tradisional terdapat beberapa pola-pola permukiman dengan orientasi masa bangunan menghadap arah dalam. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah terdapat empat pola permukiman tradisional dalam wet semokan yaitu: 1. Pola Sejajar atau memanjang dua sisi 2. Pola Sejajar satu sisi terhadap berugak, 3.Pola  mengelompok atau terkumpul. 4. Pola tersebar.
NILAI RUANG SEBAGAI PEMBENTUK LAPISAN-LAPISAN RUANG DI KAWASAN PATHOK NEGARA DONGKELAN, YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Setianingrum Lutfi , Sudaryono Sudaryono , Roychansyah Muhammad Sani
Published: January 2019

Paper ini menjabarkan pelapisan-pelapisan ruang yang terbentuk di Dongkelan Kauman, sebagai salah satu Kawasan Pathok Negara Yogyakarta. Pelapisan ruang tersebut terbentuk karena adanya nilai ruang yang tertanam kuat dalam pikiran masyarakat lokal Dongkelan Kauman. Pelapisan ruang Dongkelan Kauman terbentuk dalam dua level, yaitu: a) level kampung dan b) level padukuhan. Pada level kampung terdapat tiga lapisan ruang, yaitu: a) teritori ruang; b) radius keunikan; dan c) ruang periferi; sementara pada tingkat padukuhan, lapisan ruang terdiri dari: a) ruang inti dan b) ruang periferi
IDENTIFIKASI LIMBAH KIMIA LABORATORIUM KAMPUS UNIVERSITAS MUHAMMADIYAH MATARAM
Authors: Rahmawati Diah , Alpiana Alpiana
Published: January 2019

Abstrak: Laboratorium merupakan sarana untuk melakukan eksperimen, penelitian, maupun praktikum. Laboratorium dibedakan menurut disiplin ilmunya. Bagi fakultas eksakta sebagian praktikum menggunakan bahan kimia. Bahan kimia yang digunakan tersebut dapat menjadi limbah. Banyaknya bahan kimia yang digunakan mengakibatkan bervariasinya kandungan bahan kimia yang di buang ke lingkungan baik dalam jenis maupun konsentrasinya. Identifikasi limbah cair kimia yang dihasilkan perlu dilakukan agar dapat merumuskan pengolahan limbah laboratorium yang efektif. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kualitatif. tanpa melakukan uji kandungan limbah di laboratorium. Identifikasi limbah cair didasarkan pada bahan kimia yang digunakan dalam praktikum, dikhususkan pada bahan kimia yang tergolong B3. Data yang diperoleh di pilah sesuai PP No. 101 Tahun 2014. Dari hasil analisis diperoleh bahwa 10 dari 11 praktikum yang menggunakan bahan kimia di Fakultas Ilmu Kesehatan menggunakan B3, 4 dari 9 praktikum yang menggunakan bahan kimia di Fakultas Pertanian menggunakan B3, dan 1 dari 1 praktikum yang menggunakan bahan kimia di Fakultas Teknik menggunakan B3. Diperlukan suatu Instalasi Pengolahan Air Limbah Laboratorium Terpadu untuk mengantisipasi agar limbah yang di buang ke lingkungan sudah dibawah baku mutu air limbah. Kampus Ummat juga harus membuat  Standard Operating Procedure (SOP)  laboratorium.Kata Kunci: Laboratorium; Praktikum; Limbah B3; Penanganan limbah
INHIBITION OF MALIGNANT POTENTIAL AND EXPRESSION OF PROTEINS ASSOCIATED WITH EPITHELIAL-MESENCHYMAL TRANSITION IN LEWIS LUNG CARCINOMA CELLS TRANSDUCED WITH MURINE ifn-/3 GENE IN RECOMBINANT BACULOVIRUS
Authors: Lykhova O O , Kovalova O , Bezdenezhnykh N , Adamenko I , Vorontsova A , Strokovska L , Kudryavets Yu
Published: January 2019

Aim: To analyze biological characteristics, malignant potential and expression of protei.os associated with epithelial-mesenchymal transition in murine lung carcinoma cells transduced with interferon-beta (ifn-{J) gene in baculovirus vector. Materials and Meth­ ods; The study was performed on Lewis lung carcinoma (LL) ceUs transduced  with ifil-P gene in recombinant bacuJovirus vector. Biological characteristics of the LL cells were studied with the use of standard cell culture methods, cytogenetic and immunocyto­ chemical assays. Results: Recombinant baculovirus-mediated transduction ofLLcells with ifn-P gene resulted i.o significant decrease of cell growth rate and density both io compJete and serum-free medium.Also, LL ceUs transduction with ifn-P gene significantly inhibited ceU migration  in vitro.Transduction of LL cells by baculovirus vector with or without ifn-{J gene caused significant geno­ tox.ic effect  in these ceUs. Furthermore, ifn-{J gene transfer to lung carcinoma cells resulted in significant increase of nuclear ex­ pression ofpl(p       < 0.01), p21w.IJ'e (p < 0.001),cytoplasmlc expression ofE-cadherin (p < 0.005) and inhibition oftranscrlption factors of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMn Twist (p <0.005) and Slug (p < 0.00 I) expression.Condusions: Transduction with ij11-{J gene of LL cells in recombinant baculovirus resulted in acquirement of less malignant phenotype i11 vitro and suppressed expression of proteins associated with EMT.
CD40/CD40 LIGAND INTERACTIONS AND TNFα TREATMENT REDUCE ACTIVITY OF P105 PROMOTER OF THE HUMAN PAPILLOMA VIRUS-18 IN VITRO
Authors: Altenburg A , Abdel-Naser M B , Nikolakis G , Wild T , Wojtalewicz N
Published: January 2019

Background: Cervical carcinoma cells including those infected with the oncogenic human papilloma virus (HPV) and several cervical carcinoma cell lines show a strong expression of the CD40 receptor, unlike benign cervical epithelial cells infected with HPV. The functional relevance of this up-regulated expression in the tumor is not fully understood. Nevertheless, it might offer a unique possibility to target those malignant cells due to the antiviral and antitumoral effects of the CD40/CD40 ligand (CD40L) interactions. Aim: In vitro assessment of the effect of CD40L on HPV 18-P105 promoter activity and the subsequent release of IL-6 by the promoter transfected HeLaCD40 cells, which express CD40 constitutively. Material and Methods: Transfection of HeLaCD40 cells was achieved by electroporation after optimizing the parameters by the pCMV-β-Gal vector and β-Gal stain. Transfected HeLaCD40 cells were challenged with BHKCD40L and TNFα, in addition to BHKwt and medium alone as controls. HPV18P105 promoter activity was demonstrated by luciferase reporter gene assay while IL-6 was assessed by ELISA. Results: CD40/ CD40L interactions and TNFα treatment significantly reduced HPV18-P105 promoter activity (56.0 ± 10.2% and 64.1 ± 9.1% vs. control, respectively; p < 0.001). Likewise, IL-6, which is a sensitive cytokine of CD40 activation, was significantly increased in HeLaCD40 cells in the same experiments (2.7 fold after stimulation with BHKCD40L and 5.2 fold after stimulation with TNFα vs. control; p < 0.01 and p < 0.001, respectively). Conclusion: It is likely that the CD40/CD40L interactions and TNFα are effective against cervical carcinomas by repressing transcriptional activity of HPV promoter. This can result in new adjuvant treatments.
STUDY OF CYTOGENETIC ABNORMALITIES IN G-CSF STIMULATED PERIPHERAL BLOOD CELLS AND NON-STIMULATED BONE MARROW CELLS OF PATIENTS WITH MYELOFIBROSIS
Authors: Lozynskyy R Y , Lozynska M R , Hontar Y V , Huleyuk N L , Maslyak Z V , Novak V L
Published: January 2019

The aim of the study was to improve cytogenetic diagnostics and monitoring of myelofibrosis and to reveal the spectrum of cytogenetic abnormalities in patients from Ukraine. Materials and Methods: A total of 42 patients (23 females and 19 males) with myelofibrosis was studied using different cytogenetic methods. Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) was added by the new method during cultivation of peripheral blood (PB) cells from 31 patients for specific stimulation of mitotic divisions. Two patients underwent examination by fluorescent in situ hybridization method. Results: In cell cultures of PB stimulated in vitro with G-CSF and in non-stimulated bone marrow chromosome abnormalities were found in 19 (45.2%) of all the patients. The spectrum of cytogenetic abnormalities of bone marrow and PB was the same in all of the patients. Aspiration of bone marrow was unsuccessful due to significant fibrosis in 10 (29.4%) of 34 patients. The study by fluorescent in situ hybridization method confirmed cytogenetic abnormalities revealed by G-method and discovered additional possibly normal subclone. Conclusions: Cytogenetic study of PB using in vitro G-CSF as a specific stimulant of mitosis instead of phytohemagglutinin revealed significant variety of chromosomal abnormalities in Ukrainian patients with myelofibrosis. This method could be a less invasive alternative to cytogenetic examination of bone marrow in the subgroup of patients with considerable fibrosis and consecutive changes. The usage of fluorescent in situ hybridization method supplemented karyotyping by G-banding method.
A NUTRIENT MIXTURE INHIBITS GLIOBLASTOMA XENOGRAFT U-87 MG GROWTH IN MALE NUDE MICE
Authors: Roomi M V , Kalinovsky T , Rath M , Niedzwiecki A
Published: January 2019

Background: Brain tumors are highly aggressive tumors characterized by secretions of high levels of matrix metalloproteinase-2 and -9, leading to tumor growth, invasion and metastasis by digesting the basement membrane and extracellular matrix components. We previously demonstrated the effectiveness of a nutrient mixture (NM) containing ascorbic acid, lysine, proline, and green tea extract in vitro: on activity of urokinase plasminogen activator, matrix metalloproteinases and TIMPs in various human glioblastoma (LN-18, T-98G and A-172) cell lines and on glioblastoma A-172 cell proliferation and Matrigel invasion. Aim: Our main objective in this study was to investigate the effect of the NM in vivo on human glioblastoma U-87 MG cell line. Materials and Methods: Athymic male nude mice inoculated with 3·106 U-87 MG cells subcutaneously and were fed a regular diet or a regular diet supplemented with 0.5% NM. Four weeks later, the mice were sacrificed, the tumors were weighed and measured. The samples were studied histologically. Results: NM inhibited tumor weight and tumor burden by 53% (p = 0.015) and 48% (p = 0.010), respectively. Conclusions: These results suggest the therapeutic potential of NM as an adjuvant in the treatment of glioblastoma.
GENETIC EFFECTS IN CHILDREN EXPOSED IN PRENATAL PERIOD TO IONIZING RADIATION AFTER THE CHORNOBYL NUCLEAR POWER PLANT ACCIDENT
Authors: Stepanova Ye I , Vdovenko V Yu , Misharina Zh A , Kolos V I , Mischenko L P
Published: January 2019

Aim: To study the genetic effects in children exposed to radiation in utero as a result of the Chornobyl nuclear power plant accident accounting the total radiation doses and equivalent radiation doses to the red bone marrow. Materials and Methods: Incidence of minor developmental anomalies was studied in children exposed to radiation in utero (study group) and in the control group (1144 subjects surveyed in total). Cytogenetic tests using the method of differential G-banding of chromosomes were conducted in 60 children of both study and control groups (10–12-year-olds) and repeatedly in 39 adolescents (15–17-year-olds). Results: A direct correlation was found between the number of minor developmental anomalies and fetal dose of radiation, and a reverse one with fetal gestational age at the time of radiation exposure. Incidence of chromosomal damage in somatic cells of 10–12-year-old children exposed prenatally was associated with radiation dose to the red bone marrow. The repeated testing has revealed that an increased level of chromosomal aberrations was preserved in a third of adolescents. Conclusion: The persons exposed to ionizing radiation at prenatal period should be attributed to the group of carcinogenic risk due to persisting increased levels of chromosome damage. This article is a part of a Special Issue entitled “The Chornobyl Nuclear Accident: Thirty Years After”.
ASTAXANTHIN MODIFIES CLASTOGENIC EFFECTS OF IONIZING RADIATION IN VITRO IN PERIPHERAL BLOOD LYMPHOCYTES OF THE PERSONS RECOVERED FROM ACUTE RADIATION SICKNESS
Authors: Кurinnyi D A , Rushkovsky S R , Dybska O B , Dubrovina G V , Pilinska M A
Published: January 2019

Aim: To assess radioprotective activity of astaxanthin toward radiation-induced in vitro cytogenetic effects in human peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL). Materials and Methods: PBL from the cleanup workers exposed to ionizing radiation at high doses in 1986 during accident on Chornobyl nuclear power plant and who were diagnosed with acute radiation sickness of the first and second degrees, were cultured in vitro. Astaxanthin was added into the culture medium at a final concentration of 20.0 µg/ml, prior to γ-irradiation of PBL in vitro at a dose of 1 Gy. The slides of metaphase chromosomes were analyzed. Results: Astaxanthin demonstrated considerable radioprotective effect in irradiated PBL manifested in significantly decreased levels of unstable cyto radioprotective effect in irradiated PBL manifested in significantly decreased levels of unstable cytoradioprotective effect in irradiated PBL manifested in significantly decreased levels of unstable cytogenetic markers of radiation exposure (dicentrics and centric rings). Conclusion: The data evidence on radioprotective capacity of astaxanthin toward radiation-induced cytogenetic effects in vitro in PBL of liquidators irradiated during Chornobyl nuclear power plant accident. This article is a part of a Special Issue entitled “The Chornobyl Nuclear Accident: Thirty Years After”.
ARTEMISININ MODULATING EFFECT ON HUMAN BREAST CANCER CELL LINES WITH DIFFERENT SENSITIVITY TO CYTOSTATICS
Authors: Chekhun V F , Lukianova N Yu , Borikun T , Zadvornyi T , Mokhir A
Published: January 2019

Aim: To explore effects of Artemisinin on a series of breast cancer cells with different sensitivity to typical cytotoxic drugs (doxorubicin — Dox; cisplatin — DDP) and to investigate possible artemisinin-induced modification of the mechanisms of drug resistance. Materials and Methods: The study was performed on wild-type breast cancer MCF-7 cell line (MCF-7/S) and its two sublines MCF-7/Dox and MCF-7/DDP resistant to Dox and DDP, respectively. The cells were treated with artemisinin and iron-containing magnetic fluid. The latter was added to modulate iron levels in the cells and explore its role in artemisinin-induced effects. The MTT assay was used to monitor cell viability, whereas changes of expression of selected proteins participating in regulation of cellular iron homeostasis were estimated using immunocytochemical methods. Finally, relative expression levels of miRNA-200b, -320a, and -34a were examined by using qRT-PCR. Results: Artemisinin affects mechanisms of the resistance of breast cancer cells towards both Dox and DDP at sub-toxic doses. The former drug induces changes of expression of iron-regulating proteins via different mechanisms, including epigenetic regulation. Particularly, the disturbances in ferritin heavy chain 1, lactoferrin, hepcidin (decrease) and ferroportin (increase) expression (р ≤ 0.05) were established. The most enhanced increase of miRNA expression under artemisinin influence were found for miRNA-200b in MCF-7/DDP cells (7.1 ± 0.98 fold change), miRNA-320a in MCF-7/Dox cells (2.9 ± 0.45 fold change) and miRNA-34a (1.7 ± 0.15 fold change) in MCF-7/S cells. It was observed that the sensitivity to artemisinin can be influenced by changing iron levels in cells. Conclusions: Artemisinin can modify iron metabolism of breast cancer cells by its cytotoxic effect, but also by inducing changes in expression of iron-regulating proteins and microRNAs (miRNAs), involved in their regulation. This modification affects the mechanisms that are implicated in drug-resistance, that makes artemisinin a perspective modulator of cell sensitivity towards chemotherapeutic agents in cancer treatment.
THE IMPACT OF LOCOREGIONAL TREATMENT ON SURVIVAL OF PATIENTS WITH PRIMARY METASTATIC BREAST CANCER
Authors: Liubota R , Cheshuk V , Vereshchako R , Zotov O , Zaichuk V , Anikusko N , Liubota I
Published: January 2019

The aim of the study was to investigate the impact of primary tumor locoregional treatment (surgery or/and radiotherapy) on overall survival in patients with primary metastatic breast cancer (PMBC). Materials and Methods: This retrospective study included 295 wo men aged from 23 to 76 years with PMBC. Among the 295 patients, the effect of locoregional treatment of primary tumor on survival outcomes was evaluated in 177 women with distant metastases at diagnosis of breast cancer. 35 patient received breast surgery (group 1), 95 patients with PMBC — radiotherapy (group 2) and 47 patients — combination of breast surgery and radiation (group 3). The remaining 118 patients didn’t receive surgery or/and radiotherapy (group 4). All patients received systemic cytotoxic chemotherapy. Results: The groups of patients with PMBC did not differ significantly by age, menstrual function, ER status, Her2 receptor status, site of metastasis and number of metastatic lesions. 2- and 5-year overall survival in patients of group 1 was 54 and 32%, group 2 — 47 and 8%, group 3 — 73 and 18%, whereas in patients from group 4 — 26 and 9%, respectively. The median survival of patients who underwent surgery was 36 months, patients with PMBC who received radiotherapy — 24 months, patients who obtained combination of breast surgery and radiation — 30 months vs 18 months in patients who did not undergo primary tumor locoregional treatment. Conclusions: The results of this study showed a favourable effect of locoregional treatment in patients with PMBC.
Materials of a Mini-syMposiuM “new trends in cancer research and innovative tuMor vaccines” held on May 11, 2017 during the vactrain suMMer school in Kyiv, uKraine
Authors: Board Editorial
Published: January 2019

A mini-symposium “New Trends in Cancer Research and Innovative Tumor Vaccines” was held on May, 11 of 2017 during the VACTRAIN summer school at R.E. Kavetsky Institute of Experimental Pathology, Oncology and Radiobiology (IEPOR) of the NAMS of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine.
UMBILICAL CORD BLOOD BANKING IN THE WORLDWIDE HEMATOPOIETIC STEM CELL TRANSPLANTATION SYSTEM: PERSPECTIVES FOR UKRAINE
Authors: Kalynychenko T O
Published: January 2019

Significant progress in the promotion of procedural technologies associated with the transplantation of hematopoietic stem cells caused a rapid increase in activity. The exchange of hematopoietic stem cells for unrelated donor transplantations is now much easier due to the relevant international professional structures and organizations established to support cooperation and standard setting, as well as rules for the functioning of both national donor registries and cord blood banks. These processes are increasing every year and are contributing to the outpacing rates of development in this area. Products within their country should be regulated by the competent government authorities. This study analyzes the work of international and national levels of support for transplantation activity in the field of unrelated hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, the standardization order of technologies, as well as data that justify the need to create a network of donated umbilical cord blood banks in Ukraine as a factor in the development of allogeneic transplantation. This will promote the accessibility of international standards for the treatment of serious diseases for Ukrainian citizens.
LARGE-SCALE EXPANSION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF HUMAN ADULT NEURAL CREST-DERIVED MULTIPOTENT STEM CELLS FROM HAIR FOLLICLE FOR REGENERATIVE MEDICINE APPLICATIONS
Authors: Vasyliev R G , Rodnichenko A E , Gubar O S , Zlatska A V , Gordiienko I M , Novikova S N , Zubov D O
Published: January 2019

Aim: The purpose of this work was to obtain, multiply and characterize the adult neural crest-derived multipotent stem cells from human hair follicle for their further clinical use. Materials and Methods: Adult neural crest-derived multipotent stem cells were obtained from human hair follicle by explant method and were expanded at large-scale up to a clinically significant number. The resulted cell cultures were examined by flow cytometry and immunocytochemical analysis. Their clonogenic potential, ability to self-renewal and directed multilineage differentiation were also investigated. Results: Cell cultures were obtained from explants of adult human hair follicles. Resulted cells according to morphological, phenotypic and functional criteria satisfied the definition of neural crest-derived multipotent stem cells. They had the phenotype Sox2+Sox10+Nestin+CD73+CD90+CD105+CD140a+CD 140b+CD146+CD166+CD271+CD349+ CD34-CD45-CD56-HLA-DR-, showed high clonogenic potential, ability to self-renewal and directed differentiation into the main derivatives of the neural crest: neurons, Schwann cells, adipocytes and osteoblasts. Conclusion: The possibility of a large-scale expansion of adult neural crest-derived multipotent stem cells up to 40–200·106 cells from minimal number of hair follicles with retention of their phenotype and functional properties are the significant step towards their translation into the clinical practice.
COMPARISON OF VARIOUS TISSUE AND CELL THERAPY APPROACHES WHEN RESTORING OVARIAN, HEPATIC AND KIDNEY’S FUNCTION AFTER CHEMOTHERAPY-INDUCED OVARIAN FAILURE
Authors: Kozub M M , Prokopiuk V Y , Skibina K P , Prokopiuk O V , Kozub N I
Published: January 2019

About 1% of women suffer from premature ovarian failure, which leads to a significant deterioration in the life quality. Most often this condition is caused by performed chemotherapy, autoimmune diseases, surgery performed on ovaries, uterus, or fallopian tubes. The aim of this study was to compare different approaches of tissue and cell therapy in restoring the sexual function in case of ovarian failure induced by chemotherapy. Materials and Methods: The study was carried out in BALB/c mice with the modeled ovarian failure, induced by cyclophosphamide and busulfan. The restoration dynamics of ovarian and sexual function, liver and kidneys after application of cryopreserved explants, cryoextract, placental mesenchymal stem cells, those of adipose tissue has been studied. Results: It has been shown that the use of various methods of cell and tissue therapy has comparable efficacy when treating an ovarian failure induced by chemotherapy. The most rapid and complete restoration of the reproductive system, liver and kidneys was observed when using the placental explants, extract and cells, but not with the use of mesenchymal stem cells of adipose tissue. No recovery of fertility in this experiment was observed. Conclusion: Various methods of cellular and tissue therapy are perspective in treatment of the chemotherapy complications. More effective are placental derivates.
GASTRIC SIGNET-RING CELL CARCINOMA WITH HYPERSECRETION OF β-HUMAN CHORIONIC GONADOTROPIN AND REVIEW OF THE LITERATUR
Authors: Ben Kridis W , Ben Hassena R , Charfi S , Toumi N , Boudawara T , Khanfir A , Frikha M
Published: January 2019

β-Human chorionic gonadotropin (β-HCG) is an embryonic protein secreted by the syncytiotrophoblast of the placenta. The determination of the plasma β-HCG level is routinely used for the diagnosis and the follow-up of germ cell tumors. Some adenocarcinomas have been described as being rarely associated with β-HCG hypersecretion. We report a case of gastric signet-ring cell carcinoma with β-HCG hypersecretion and propose hypotheses to explain the pathogenesis of such hypersecretion.
THE IMPACT OF MORPHINE TREATMENT ON BLADDER CANCER CELL PROLIFERATION AND APOPTOSIS: IN VITRO STUDIES
Authors: Harper P , Hald O , Lwaleed B A , Kyyaly A , Johnston D , Cooper A J , Birch B
Published: January 2019

Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the effect of morphine on bladder cancer cell proliferation and apoptosis in vitro. Materials and Methods: MTT assay was used to measure percentage growth of RT-112 human bladder cancer cells after 72 hours of morphine/morphine + naloxone treatment. Expression of µ-opioid receptors was assessed by Western blot and finally, apoptotic assay with CellEvent Caspase-3/7 Green Detection Reagent was carried out using confocal microscopy. Results: The MTT assays showed that morphine increased RT-112 cell growth. Naloxone inhibited this growth enhancing effect. Western blot analysis regarding µ-opioid receptor expression in RT-112 cells remains inconclusive. Morphine was also found to decrease the rate of apoptosis of RT-112 cells, an effect which naloxone inhibited. Conclusions: This study provides evidence that morphine, at clinically relevant doses, causes RT-112 bladder cancer cell proliferation, possibly opioid receptor mediated and at least some of this effect might be due to decreased apoptosis. Clinically, this suggests that in patients with bladder cancer, managing pain with morphine might have detrimental consequences on patient outcomes and alternative pain relief should be considered if possible.
ANTITUMOR AND GENOTOXIC EFFECTS OF LACTOFERRIN IN WALKER-256 TUMOR-BEARING RATS
Authors: Chekhun V F , Storchai D M , Todor I N , Borikun T V , Lukianova N Yu
Published: January 2019

Aim: To investigate the influence of exogenous lactoferrin (LF) on tumor growth, energy and lipid metabolism of Walker-256 carcinosarcoma and to assess genotoxic effects of LF. Materials and Methods: The study was performed on Walker-256 tumor-bearing rats. Total lipids and phospholipids were determined by thin-layer chromatography. Comet assay was used to investigate the genotoxic effects of LF. Results: Daily i.p. administrations of exogenous LF at concentrations of 1 mg/kg and 10 mg/kg starting from the 4th day after tumor transplantation suppressed growth of Walker-256 carcinosarcoma by almost 44%. After treatment with recombinant LF in both doses, the phospholipid composition of Walker-256 carcinosarcoma cells was changed (3-fold increase of phosphatidylethanolamine, 3.4-fold increase of phosphatidylcholine, and 1.8-fold increase of sphingomyelin, while the cardiolipin content decreased by 67%. Exogenous LF was not genotoxic for bone marrow cells (as assessed by the ratio of PCE/NCE, number of micronuclei) and peripheral blood lymphocytes (percentage of DNA in the tail of a comet) in Walker-256 carcinosarcoma-bearing rats. Conclusion: Exogenous LF caused the inhibition of Walker-256 carcinosarcoma growth and a decrease in the microviscosity of plasma cell membranes, and exerted no genotoxicity toward bone marrow cells and peripheral blood of experimental animals.
THE ROLE OF THE GENETIC ABNORMALITIES, EPIGENETIC AND microRNA IN THE PROGNOSIS OF CHRONIC LYMPHOCYTIC LEUKEMIA
Authors: Tari K , Shamsi Z , Reza Ghafari H , Atashi A , Shahjahani M , Abroun S
Published: January 2019

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is increased proliferation of B-cells with peripheral blood and bone marrow involvement, which is usually observed in older people. Genetic mutations, epigenetic changes and miRs play a role in CLL pathogenesis. Del 11q, del l17q, del 6q, trisomy 12, p53 and IgVH mutations are the most important genetic changes in CLL. Deletion of miR-15a and miR-16a can increase bcl2 gene expression, miR-29 and miR-181 deletions decrease the expression of TCL1, and miR-146a deletion prevents tumor metastasis. Epigenetic changes such as hypo- and hypermethylation, ubiquitination, hypo- and hyperacetylation of gene promoters involved in CLL pathogenesis can also play a role in CLL. Expression of CD38 and ZAP70, presence or absence of mutation in IgVH and P53 mutation are among the factors involved in CLL prognosis. Use of monoclonal antibodies against surface markers of B-cells like anti-CD20 as well as tyrosine kinase inhibitors are the most important therapeutic approaches for CLL.
EXPRESSION PATTERN OF GENES ASSOCIATED WITH TUMOR MICROENVIRONMENT IN PROSTATE CANCER
Authors: Gerashchenko G V , Grygoruk O V , Kononenko O A , Gryzodub O P , Stakhovsky E O , Kashuba V I
Published: January 2019

Aim: To assess relative expression (RE) levels of CAF-, TAM-specific, immune defense-associated genes in prostate tumors and to show correlation of RE with clinical, pathological and molecular characteristics, with the aim to define clinically significant specific alterations in a gene expression pattern. Methods: RE of 23 genes was analyzed by a quantitative polymerase chain reaction in 37 freshly frozen samples of prostate cancer tissues of a different Gleason score (GS) and at various tumor stages, compared with RE in 37 paired conventionally normal prostate tissue (CNT) samples and 20 samples of prostate adenomas. Results: Differences in RE were shown for 11 genes out of 23 studied, when tumor samples were compared with corresponding CNTs. 7 genes, namely ACTA2, CXCL14, CTGF, THY1, FAP, CD163, CCL17 were upregulated in tumors. 4 genes, namely CCR4, NOS2A, MSMB, IL1R1 were downregulated in tumors. 14 genes demonstrated different RE in TNA at different stages: CXCL12, CXCL14, CTGF, FAP, HIF1A, THY1, CCL17, CCL22, CCR4, CD68, CD163, NOS2A, CTLA4, IL1R1. RE changes of 9 genes — CXCL12, CXCL14, HIF1A, CCR4, CCL17, NOS2A, CTLA4, IL1R1, IL2RA — were found in tumors with different GS. Moreover, 9 genes showed differences in RE in TNA, dependently on the presence or absence of the TMPRSS2/ERG fusion and 7 genes showed differences in RE of groups with differential PTEN expression. Significant correlations were calculated between RE of 9 genes in adenocarcinomas and the stage, and GS; also, between RE of 2 genes and the fusion presence; and between RE of 4 genes and PTEN expression. Conclusions: Several gene expression patterns were identified that correlated with the GS, stage and molecular characteristics of tumors, i.e. presence of the TMPRSS2/ERG fusion and alterations in PTEN expression. These expression patterns can be used for molecular profiling of prostate tumors, with the aim to develop personalized medicine approaches. However, the proposed profiling requires a more detailed analysis and a larger cohort of patients with prostate tumor.
VITAMIN E ACTIVATES EXPRESSION OF C/EBP ALPHA TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR AND G-CSF RECEPTOR IN LEUKEMIC K562 CELLS
Authors: Shvachko L P , Zavelevich M P , Gluzman D F , Kravchuk I V , Telegeev G D
Published: January 2019

Background: Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a clonal hematopoietic stem cell disorder associated with the activity of BCR-ABL fusion oncogene. Tyrosine kinase inhibitors are the current treatment of CML, but secondary mutations finally contribute to therapy resistance and blast crisis of the disease. The search for the novel compounds for the effective control of CML is now in the spotlight. The progression of CML to blast crisis is correlated with down-modulation of C/EBP alpha. Therefore, C/EBP alpha may be considered as a putative target in differentiation therapies in myeloid leukemias. The aim of the study was to assess the potential of vitamin E as the possible inducer of C/EBP alpha expression in BCR-ABL-positive CML K562 cells. Materials and Methods: RNA extracted from K562 cells cultured with valproic acid or vitamin E was converted to cDNA, RT-PCR reactions were carried out using HotStarTaq DNA polymerase with primers for C/EBP alpha and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor receptor (G-CSFR). Results: We have not found detectable expression of C/EBP alpha in K562 cells. Upon 48-h culture with vitamin E at a dose of 100 µM, K562 cells expressed both C/EBP alpha and GCSFR. Conclusion: Vitamin E restored the expression of C/EBP alpha mRNA in chronic myelogenous leukemia K562 cells. In this setting, G-CSFR expression in vitamin E treated K562 cells seems to suggest the activation to granulocytic differentiation. It should be further elucidated whether such effects of vitamin E on C/EBP alpha transcription factor are direct or mediated indirectly due to antioxidant properties of vitamin E.
THE JAK2 V617F MUTATION IN LUNG CANCER: CAVEAT EMPTOR
Authors: Langabeer S E
Published: January 2019

As acquisition of the JAK2 V6�7F is considered to �e restricted to myeloid malignancies� the recurrent identification of this mutation in non-small cell lung cancer �NSCLC� merits discussion� particularly in the light of accumulating evidence which suggests that the JAK2 V6�7F may not �e a true driver mutation of NSCLC.
Participación ciudadana y ordenamiento ecológico local: el caso del municipio de Nogales, Sonora
Authors: Córdova-Bojórquez Gustavo , Romo-Aguilar María de Lourdes
Published: January 2019

El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar el proceso de participación ciudadana y su incidencia en el ordenamiento ecológico del territorio municipal de Nogales, Sonora. Para ello, se examinan particularmente dos temas dentro del proceso de formulación del poet (Programa de Ordenamiento Ecológico del Territorio), la conformación del coel (Comité de Ordenamiento Ecológico Local) y la interacción de actores en dos talleres participativos en grupos de trabajo para los temas agropecuario, de desarrollo económico, turismo, conservación y desarrollo urbano. Los resultados indican que entre los actores participantes hay posturas claras y determinantes en torno al ordenamiento ecológico del territorio municipal; en especial en temas como agua, infraestructura de conectividad, cambios en el uso de suelo, expansión urbana, saqueo de especies y alteración de ecosistemas, además de haber influencia del aspecto fronterizo para la gestión pública ambiental local. Los ejercicios de involucramiento ciudadano en materia ambiental son pertinentes, ya que se ha podido demostrar que la ciudadanía convocada puede seguir avanzando en la tarea de construir nuevas formas de participar en el campo ambiental y de aportar en el ámbito del ordenamiento ecológico del territorio.
Vankomisin tedavisine bağlı olarak red neck sendromu gelişen penisiline dirençli pnömokok menenjiti olgusu
Authors: ESMER Hüseyin , CESUR Salih , ATAMAN HATİPOĞLU Çiğdem , KAYA KILIÇ Esra , KINIKLI Sami , VAHABOĞLU Güler
Published: January 2019

Vankomisine bağlı olarak gelişen yan etkilerden
red neck (kırmızı boyun) sendromu histamin aşırı salınımına bağlı bazen hayatı
tehdit edebilen bir komplikasyondur. Red neck sendromu gelişen hastalarda zorunlu
hallerde kortikosterod ve antihistaminiklerle birlikte vankomisin tedavisine
devam edilebilir veya alternatif bir antibiyotik tedavisine geçilebilir. Bu
yazıda, penisiline dirençli pnömokok menenjiti tanısıyla vankomisin tedavisi
başlanan ve tedavinin 8. gününde red neck sendromu gelişen 54 yaşında bir kadın
hasta sunuldu. Hastanın o sabah verilen vankomisin infüzyonunun bir saatten kısa
sürdüğü öğrenildi.  Hastanın vankomisin
tedavisi kesilerek intravenöz linezolid tedavisine geçildi.

Sonuç olarak, vankomisinin hızlı infüzyonuna bağlı olarak red neck
sendromu gelişebilir ve bu olgularda tedavi yönetiminde alternatif ilaç olarak
linezolid kullanılabilir.