bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Transfusion of ABO‐group identical red blood cells following uncrossmatched transfusion does not lead to higher mortality in civilian trauma patients
Authors: Yazer Mark H. , Dunbar Nancy M. , Hess John R. , Tuott Erin E. , Bahmanyar Mohammad , Campbell Jessica , Fontaine Magali , Ko Ara , Mi Jian , Murphy Michael F. , Poisson Jessica , Raval Jay S. , Shih Andrew W. , Sperry Jason L. , Staves Julie , Wong Michelle , Yan Matthew T. S. , Ziman Alyssa , Seheult Jansen N.
Published: March 2023

Background

Questions persist about the safety of switching non‐group O recipients of group O uncrossmatched red blood cells (RBC) or low titer group O whole blood (LTOWB) to ABO‐identical RBCs during their resuscitation.

Methods

The database of an earlier nine‐center study of transfusing incompatible plasma to trauma patients was reanalyzed. The patients were divided into three groups based on 24‐h RBC transfusion: (1) group O patients who received group O RBC/LTOWB units (control group, n = 1203), (2) non‐group O recipients who received only group O units (n = 646), (3) non‐group O recipients who received at least one unit of group O and non‐group O units (n = 562). Fixed marginal effect of receipt of non‐O RBC units on 6‐ and 24‐h and 30‐day mortality was calculated.

Results

The non‐O patients who received only group O RBCs received fewer RBC/LTOWB units and had slightly but significantly lower injury severity score compared to control group; non‐group O patients who received both group O and non‐O units received significantly more RBC/LTOWB units and had a slightly but significantly higher injury severity score compared to control group. In the multivariate analysis, the non‐O patients who received only group O RBCs had significantly higher mortality at 6‐h compared to the controls; the non‐group O recipients of O and non‐O RBCs did not demonstrate higher mortality. At 24‐h and 30‐days, there were no differences in survival between the groups.

Conclusion

Providing non‐group O RBCs to non‐group O trauma patients who also received group O RBC units is not associated with higher mortality.
A Systemic Functional Linguistic Analysis of Clauses Relationship in Luke Gospel Text, Janji Baru Using Kupang Malay
Authors: Ngongo Magdalena , Saputra Nanda , Lasino Lasino , Bahodirovna Akhmedova Mehrinigor
Published: March 2023

This paper reports on a functional linguistics study of clauses relationship in which it is included as textual meta function of meaning. This textual metafunction is on the level of lexicogrammar. Semantic sequence of figures is realized by a clause complexes series. This paper focused on relationship types between clauses, interdependency and logico-semantic relationship. Data were taken from A Bible, New Testament using Kupang Malay called Janji Baru, especially in Luke of Gospel text. The analysis revealed that parataxis used in text covered coordinate conjunctions such as, deng ’and’, ma, ‘but’, jadi/ko ‘so, for’, ais ju ‘then’. The hypotaxis used subordinate conjunctions, such as, kalo ‘if’’ tagal ‘because/since’, te ‘cause’. The use of parataxis and hypotaxis indicates that semantic sequence is coherence in which conjunctions used in text are usually repeated. It is the same as the use of logico-semantic, such as expansion and projection. The expansion consisted of elaboration, extension, and enhancement. The projection consisted of locution and idea that related to phenomena of a higher order of experience. The idea used verbal process, such as, kastau bilang ‘tell/say’, manyao bilang, ’answer’, tanya bilang ‘ask’, etc. This fact indicates that the idea stated was stressed by using serial verbs or usually a verb was ended by other verb’ This fact indicates to attract listeners’ attention. The locution used mental process, such as, rasa ‘feel’ ‘inga’ ‘remember’. Thus, it can be stated that the use of interdependency and logico-semantic relation  was aimed to keep the semantic sequence and text coherence.
The Cross-Cultural Training Needs of Football Coaches
Authors: Borges Mário , Rosado António , Lobinger Babett , Freitas Francisco , de Oliveira Rita F.
Published: March 2023

The ability to interact and communicate effectively in different cultural contexts has never been more relevant for football coaches because cultural diversity in football has increased in the past decades. Yet, there is a reduced number of institutions that are currently offering cultural training to coaches, and it is unknown whether coaches feel the need for such training. This study aimed to explore the cross-cultural training needs of 115 football coaches with national and/or international experience (M = 13.4 years; SD = 8.53). To maximise recruitment reach, an online survey with open-ended questions was used followed by a qualitative thematic analysis. There were four master themes: cross-cultural training needs in the global football market; cross-cultural awareness is important in football; football-specific cultural training; and training by migrant coaches, no matter how. Most coaches perceived a benefit from cultural training in preparation for international appointments, but some felt that coaches already had cultural awareness because they manage individuals and adjust easily to different cultures. Preferences were shown for cross-cultural training delivered by migrant coaches and with a football-specific focus. This is the first study to explore the perceptions of football coaches about cross-cultural awareness and training needs and provides insights to providers of coach education.
Contemporary Considerations for Establishing Reference Methods for Antibacterial Susceptibility Testing
Authors: Humphries Romney M. , Miller Linda , Zimmer Barbara , Matuschek Erika , Hindler Janet A.
Published: March 2023

Antibacterial susceptibility testing (AST) is performed to guide therapy, perform resistance surveillance studies, and support development of new antibacterial agents. For 5 decades, broth microdilution (BMD) has served as the reference method to assess
in vitro
activity of antibacterial agents against which both novel agents and diagnostic tests have been measured.
A Novel Vpu Adaptive Mutation of HIV-1 Degrades Tetherin in Northern Pig-Tailed Macaques (Macaca leonina) Mainly via the Ubiquitin-Proteasome Pathway and Increases Viral Release
Authors: Lu Ying , Pang Wei , Zhang Man-Di , Song Jia-Hao , Shen Fan , He Wen-Qiang , Zheng Yong-Tang
Published: March 2023

HIV-1 has obvious host specificity, which has greatly hindered the construction of animal models and severely restricted the development of HIV-1 vaccines and drugs. To overcome this barrier, we attempted to isolate the virus from NPMs infected with stHIV-1sv, search for a strain with an adaptive mutation in NPMs, and develop a more appropriate nonhuman primate model of HIV-1.
Complete Genome Sequences of Monkeypox Virus from a French Clinical Sample and the Corresponding Isolated Strain, Obtained Using Nanopore Sequencing
Authors: Balière Charlotte , Hourdel Véronique , Kwasiborski Aurelia , Grassin Quentin , Feher Maxence , Hoinard Damien , Vanhomwegen Jessica , Taieb Fabien , Consigny Paul-Henri , Manuguerra Jean-Claude , Leclercq India , Batéjat Christophe , Caro Valérie
Published: March 2023

We report the whole-genome sequences of a monkeypox virus from the skin lesion of a French patient and the corresponding isolated viral strain. Both viral genomic sequences were successfully obtained by applying shotgun metagenomics using the Oxford Nanopore Technologies sequencing approach.
Effect of Vapor-Phase Oregano Essential Oil on Resistant
Candida
Species Biofilms: Mechanisms of Action
Authors: Fernandes Liliana , Costa Raquel , Silva Sónia , Henriques Mariana , Costa-de-Oliveira Sofia , Rodrigues Maria E.
Published: March 2023

This work presents a new approach to the application of essential oils, exposure to the vapor phase, which can be considered a first approach for the development of a complementary or alternative form of vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) treatment. VVC is a significant infection caused by
Candida
species and remains a common disease that affects millions of women every year.
Abnormal liver function tests and improved survival in a child with splice mutation TARP syndrome
Authors: Lane Michael , Allen Nicholas M , Letshwiti Johannes
Published: March 2023

TARP (talipes equinovarus, atrial septal defect (ASD), Robin sequence, persistent left superior vena cava) syndrome is a rare X-linked disorder affecting theRBM10gene. It was previously viewed as universally fatal in the early neonatal period, however, recent cases have shown patients surviving beyond this stage. We present a male toddler diagnosed with TARP syndrome due to a a previously unreported splicing mutation c.2295+1G>A in theRBM10gene. At birth, he had an ASD and Robin sequence, two of the eponymous features, as well as other associated phenotypic features. During infancy, he had an extremely high alpha-fetoprotein, conjugated hyperbilirubinaemia and thrombocytopaenia, features not previously described in TARP syndrome. We discuss these findings as well as our patient’s survival past the neonatal period with special consideration to recent genotype–phenotypes correlations.
Social economic factors and the risk of multiple chemical sensitivity in a Danish population-based cross-sectional study: Danish Study of Functional Disorders (DanFunD)
Authors: Ahrendt Bjerregaard Anne , Schovsbo Signe Ulfbeck , Gormsen Lise K , Skovbjerg Sine , Eplov Lene Falgaard , Linneberg Allan , Cedeño-Laurent José G , Jørgensen Torben , Dantoft Thomas Meinertz
Published: March 2023

Objectives

Multiple chemical sensitivity (MCS) is a rare multisystem and poly-symptomatic disease characterised by a report of various somatic symptoms attributed to inhalation of volatile chemicals in usually harmless doses. The aim was to explore four selected social factors and the risk of MCS in the general Danish population.

Design

A cross-sectional general population-based study.

Setting

The Danish Study of Functional Disorders was conducted from 2011 to 2015 which included 9656 participants.

Participants

A total of 8800 participants were included in analyses after observations with missing data on exposure and/or outcome were excluded. A total of 164 cases fulfilled the questionnaire criteria for MCS. Of the 164 MCS cases, 101 reported no comorbid functional somatic disorder (FSD) and were included in a subgroup analysis. A total of 63 MCS cases fulfilled the criteria for at least one additional FSD, this subgroup was not included in further analysis. The remaining study population without MCS or any FSD were regarded as controls.

Outcome measures

We used adjusted logistic regression to calculate OR and 95% CIs of MCS and MCS without FSD comorbidities for each social variable separately including education, employment, cohabitation and subjective social status.

Results

We found an increased risk of MCS among the unemployed (OR: 2.95, 95% CI: 1.75 to 4.97), and a twofold increased risk of MCS among individuals with low subjective social status (OR: 2.00, 95% CI: 1.08 to 3.70). At the same time, 4 years or more of vocational training were protective of MCS. No significant associations were observed among MCS cases with no comorbid FSD.

Conclusion

Lower socioeconomic status was found to be associated with a higher risk of having MCS but not with MCS without FSD comorbidities. Due to the cross-sectional design of the study, we cannot determine whether social status is a determinant or a consequence of MCS.
Sexual dysfunction and associated factors in Thai patients with psychiatric disorders
Authors: Wainipitapong Sorawit , Chiddaycha Mayteewat , Charoenmakpol Natthaphon
Published: March 2023

Background

Sexual dysfunction is common among patients with psychiatric disorders but might be under-reported due to Asian sociocultural factors. Recognition of sexual dysfunction and associated factors in this vulnerable population would help clinicians properly assess and manage related conditions.

Aims

We aimed to examine the prevalence of sexual dysfunction and its associated factors among patients with psychiatric disorders in Thailand.

Methods

This was a cross-sectional study. We enrolled participants aged 18 and older who visited the psychiatry clinic at King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital in Bangkok, Thailand between August 2020 and December 2021. Demographic and clinical data were assessed, and all psychiatric disorders and sexual dysfunctions were diagnosed by clinical interview using the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition. Statistical analysis was done to explore the association between sexual dysfunction and related factors.

Results

Sexual dysfunction was diagnosed in 101 (50.0%) of the total 202 participants. The mean (standard deviation, SD) age was 30.2 (9.0) years, and the majority of patients were men (54.5%), single (81.2%), employed (47.5%) and had a coexisting depressive disorder (48.0%). Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed a significant association between sexual dysfunction and quality of life, unemployment, and the dosage of antidepressants and benzodiazepines.

Conclusions

The prevalence of sexual dysfunction among this population was relatively high. However, the findings may represent only a portion of affected psychiatric patients for others with sexual dysfunction symptoms but without functional impairment did not meet the diagnostic criteria for sexual dysfunction. Improvement of quality of life and optimising antidepressant/benzodiazepine dosage should be further investigated for promoting sexual function in patients with mental disorders.
Subannular repair in secondary mitral regurgitation with restricted leaflet motion during systole
Authors: Pausch Jonas , Harmel Eva , Reichenspurner Hermann , Kempfert Jörg , Kuntze Thomas , Owais Tamer , Holubec Tomas , Walther Thomas , Krane Markus , Vitanova Keti , Borger Michael Andrew , Eden Matthias , Hachaturyan Violetta , Bramlage Peter , Falk Volkmar , Girdauskas Evaldas
Published: March 2023

Objective

Ventricular secondary mitral regurgitation (SMR) (Carpentier type IIIb) results from left ventricular (LV) remodelling, displacement of papillary muscles and tethering of mitral leaflets. The most appropriate treatment approach remains controversial. We aimed to assess the safety and efficacy of standardised relocation of both papillary muscles (subannular repair) at 1-year follow-up (FU).

Methods

REFORM-MR (Reform-Mitral Regurgitation) is a prospective, multicentre registry that enrolled consecutive patients with ventricular SMR (Carpentier type IIIb) undergoing standardised subannular mitral valve (MV) repair in combination with annuloplasty at five sites in Germany. Here, we report survival, freedom from recurrence of MR >2+, freedom from major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCEs), including cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, stroke, MV reintervention and echocardiographic parameters of residual leaflet tethering at 1-year FU.

Results

A total of 94 patients (69.1% male) with a mean age of 65.1±9.7 years met the inclusion criteria. Advanced LV dysfunction (mean left ventricular ejection fraction 36.4±10.5%) and severe LV dilatation (mean left ventricular end-diastolic diameter 61.0±9.3 mm) resulted in severe mitral leaflet tethering (mean tenting height 10.6±3.0 mm) and an elevated mean EURO Score II of 4.8±4.6 prior to surgery. Subannular repair was successfully performed in all patients, without operative mortality or complications. One-year survival was 95.5%. At 12 months, a durable reduction of mitral leaflet tethering resulted in a low rate (4.2%) of recurrent MR >2+. In addition to a significant improvement in New York Heart Association (NYHA) class (22.4% patients in NYHA III/IV vs 64.5% patients at baseline, p<0.001), freedom from MACCE was observed in 91.1% of patients.

Conclusions

Our study demonstrates the safety and feasibility of standardised subannular repair to treat ventricular SMR (Carpentier type IIIb) in a multicentre setting. By addressing mitral leaflet tethering, papillary muscle relocation results in very satisfactory 1-year outcomes and has the potential to durably restore MV geometry; nevertheless, long-term FU is mandatory.

Trial registration number

NCT03470155.
Score to assess the probability of relapse in granulomatosis with polyangiitis and microscopic polyangiitis
Authors: Samson Maxime , Devilliers Hervé , Thietart Sara , Charles Pierre , Pagnoux Christian , Cohen Pascal , Karras Alexandre , Mouthon Luc , Terrier Benjamin , Puéchal Xavier , Guillevin Loic
Published: March 2023

Objective

To develop a score assessing the probability of relapse in granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) and microscopic polyangiitis (MPA).

Methods

Long-term follow-up data from GPA and MPA patients included in five consecutive randomised controlled trials were pooled. Patient characteristics at diagnosis were entered into a competing-risks model, with relapse as the event of interest and death the competing event. Univariate and multivariate analyses were computed to identify variables associated with relapse and build a score, which was then validated in an independent cohort of GPA or MPA patients.

Results

Data collected from 427 patients (203 GPA, 224 MPA) at diagnosis were included. Mean±SD follow-up was 80.6±51.3 months; 207 (48.5%) patients experienced ≥1 relapse. Relapse risk was associated with proteinase 3 (PR3) positivity (HR=1.81 (95% CI 1.28 to 2.57); p<0.001), age ≤75 years (HR=1.89 (95% CI 1.15 to 3.13); p=0.012) and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) ≥30 mL/min/1.73 m² (HR=1.67 (95% CI 1.18 to 2.33); p=0.004) at diagnosis. A score, the French Vasculitis Study Group Relapse Score (FRS), from 0 to 3 points was modelised: 1 point each for PR3-antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody positivity, eGFR ≥30 mL/min/1.73 m² and age ≤75 years. In the validation cohort of 209 patients, the 5-year relapse risk was 8% for a FRS of 0, 30% for 1, 48% for 2 and 76% for 3.

Conclusion

The FRS can be used at diagnosis to assess the relapse risk in patients with GPA or MPA. Its value for tailoring the duration of maintenance therapy should be evaluated in future prospective trials.
Greening on the Bathurst caribou range in northern Canada: are erect shrubs responsible for remotely sensed trends?
Authors: Bonta Carolyn , King Gregory M. , Danby Ryan K.
Published: March 2023

Remote sensing has detected recent trends of increased vegetation productivity on the Bathurst caribou herd’s range. The cause of this spectral greening is unknown but is hypothesized to be the result of a change in the composition, establishment, structure, and/or growth of erect deciduous shrubs. We combined field investigation and dendroecology to compare shrubs between areas where productivity has increased (Greening sites) and areas where productivity has remained stable (No Change sites) based on a Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer time series for the period from 2000 to 2017. Contrary to expectations, species composition, timing of stem establishment, stem density, stem length, and vertical and diameter growth rates did not differ between the two site types. However, shrub cover was 13% greater at Greening sites and shrubs at No Change sites had 9% more dead stems regardless of the size of the shrub. This suggests that the differences observed remotely are due to a combination of increased foliage production or survival at Greening sites and a dimming of the vegetation index at No Change sites. Our findings offer a population-level validation of specific shrub characteristics contributing to trends in spectral greening in an understudied region of the southern Arctic tundra.
Responses of bacterial and three sub-microeukaryote communities in the water of white shrimp Penaeus vannamei aquaculture ponds in two polyculture models
Authors: Fan Limin , Li Fajun , Chen Xi , Shen Lihong , Chu Yuyao , Qiu Liping , Hu Gengdong , Song Chao , Li Dandan , Meng Shunlong , Chen Jiazhang
Published: March 2023

Polyculture operations in freshwater aquaculture ponds can disrupt microbial communities. High-throughput sequencing was used to assess the impact of polyculture operations on bacterial and three sub-microeukaryote communities (fungi, zooplankton, and eukaryotic phytoplankton) in Penaeus vannamei aquaculture ponds containing oriental river prawns and giant freshwater prawns, respectively. The results showed that the bacterial community was less sensitive than the microeukaryote communities to both the polyculture activity and environmental variations. The polyculture of giant freshwater prawns rather than oriental river prawns was the primary factor affecting the beta diversity of the three sub-microeukaryote communities. This may be due to the larger biomass of the polyculture varieties of giant freshwater prawns compared with oriental river prawns. The polyculture activity of giant freshwater prawns with a higher density and that of oriental river prawns with a lower density increased the stochasticity of the community assembly of the three sub-microeukaryote communities. It also affected the topological properties of the microbial communities, including greater correlations between ecosystem elements, and reducing the correlations among zooplanktons. The eukaryotic phytoplankton was the only microbial community that could also be explained by nutrient variation (mainly the total nitrogen). This highlights the potential role of the eukaryotic phytoplankton as a suitable indicator of the effects of nutrient input into ecosystems.
Discussion on localized pulses for third-order nonlinear Schrödinger equation and negative index material with quadratic cubic nonlinearity
Authors: Rizvi Syed T. R. , Seadawy Aly R. , Shabbir S. , Khizar S. , Mustafa B.
Published: March 2023

In this paper, we study the third-order nonlinear Schrödinger equation (NLSE) and optical metamaterial (OM) with quadratic-cubic nonlinearity (OM-QCNL) to describe the properties and presence of propagating solitary waves (SW) in a fibre optic medium. We present an effective field amplitude ansatz that allows us to obtain SW using the governing model. More specifically, in the presence of all orders of dispersion and various nonlinear variables, we find SW solutions of dipole, bright, dark and other forms. The graphical representation of these waves will also be presented.
ON A TEMPERED XI FUNCTION ASSOCIATED WITH THE RIEMANN XI FUNCTION
Authors: YANG XIAO-JUN
Published: March 2023

In this paper, we propose a tempered xi function obtained by the recombination of the decomposable functions for the Riemann xi function for the first time. We first obtain its functional equation and series representation. We then suggest three equivalent open problems for the zeros for it. We finally consider its behaviors on the critical line.
Learning Semantic Representation on Visual Attribute Graph for Person Re-identification and Beyond
Authors: Tang Geyu , Gao Xingyu , Chen Zhenyu
Published: March 2023

Person re-identification (re-ID) aims to match pedestrian pairs captured from different cameras. Recently, various attribute-based models have been proposed to combine the pedestrian attribute as an auxiliary semantic information to learn a more discriminative pedestrian representation. However, these methods usually directly concatenate the visual branch and attribute branch embeddings as the final pedestrian representation, which ignores the semantic relation between the pedestrian revealed by attribute similarity. To capture and explore such semantic relation, we propose a unified pedestrian representation framework, called Visual Attribute Graph Embedding Network (VAGEN), to simultaneously learn attribute and visual representation. We unify the visual embedding and attribute similarity into a Visual Attribute Graph, where pedestrian is considered as a node and attribute similarity as an edge. Then, we learn graph node embedding to generate pedestrian representation through Graph Neural Network. Except for this unified representation for visual and attribute embeddings, VAGEN also conducts implicitly hard example mining for visual similar false-positive results, which has not been explored yet among existing attribute-based methods. We conduct extensive empirical studies on several person re-ID datasets to evaluate our proposed algorithm from different aspects. The results show that our proposed method outperforms state-of-the-art techniques with considerable margins.
The Economics of Digital Privacy
Authors: Goldfarb Avi , Que Verina F.
Published: March 2023

There has been increasing attention to privacy in the media and in regulatory discussions. This is a consequence of the increased usefulness of digital data. The literature has emphasized the benefits and costs of digital data flows to consumers and firms. The benefits arise in the form of data-driven innovation, higher-quality products and services that match consumer needs, and increased profits. The costs relate to the intrinsic and instrumental values of privacy. Under standard economic assumptions, this framing of a cost-benefit trade-off might suggest little role for regulation beyond ensuring consumers are appropriately informed in a robust competitive environment. The empirical literature thus far has focused on this direct cost-benefit assessment, examining how privacy regulations have affected various market outcomes. However, an increasing body of theory work emphasizes externalities related to data flows. These externalities, both positive and negative, suggest benefits to the targeted regulation of digital privacy.
Molecular Changes of Meat Proteins During Processing and Their Impact on Quality and Nutritional Values
Authors: Li Chunbao , Bassey Anthony Pius , Zhou Guanghong
Published: March 2023

Meats are rich in lipids and proteins, exposing them to rapid oxidative changes. Proteins are essential to the human diet, and changes in the structure and functional attributes can greatly influence the quality and nutritional value of meats. In this article, we review the molecular changes of proteins during processing, their impact on the nutritional value of fresh and processed meat, the digestibility and bioavailability of meat proteins, the risks associated with high meat intake, and the preventive strategies employed to mitigate these risks. This information provides new research directions to reduce or prevent oxidative processes that influence the quality and nutritional values of meat.
Mechano-Bactericidal Surfaces: Mechanisms, Nanofabrication, and Prospects for Food Applications
Authors: Cheng Yifan , Ma Xiaojing , Franklin Trevor , Yang Rong , Moraru Carmen I.
Published: March 2023

Mechano-bactericidal (MB) nanopatterns have the ability to inactivate bacterial cells by rupturing cellular envelopes. Such biocide-free, physicomechanical mechanisms may confer lasting biofilm mitigation capability to various materials encountered in food processing, packaging, and food preparation environments. In this review, we first discuss recent progress on elucidating MB mechanisms, unraveling property–activity relationships, and developing cost-effective and scalable nanofabrication technologies. Next, we evaluate the potential challenges that MB surfaces may face in food-related applications and provide our perspective on the critical research needs and opportunities to facilitate their adoption in the food industry.
Mild Fractionation for More Sustainable Food Ingredients
Authors: Lie-Piang A. , Yang J. , Schutyser M.A.I. , Nikiforidis C.V. , Boom R.M.
Published: March 2023

With the rising problems of food shortages, energy costs, and raw materials, the food industry must reduce its environmental impact. We present an overview of more resource-efficient processes to produce food ingredients, describing their environmental impact and the functional properties obtained. Extensive wet processing yields high purities but also has the highest environmental impact, mainly due to heating for protein precipitation and dehydration. Milder wet alternatives exclude, for example, low pH–driven separation and are based on salt precipitation or water only. Drying steps are omitted during dry fractionation using air classification or electrostatic separation. Benefits of milder methods are enhanced functional properties. Therefore, fractionation and formulation should be focused on the desired functionality instead of purity. Environmental impact is also strongly reduced by milder refining. Antinutritional factors and off-flavors remain challenges in more mildly produced ingredients. The benefits of less refining motivate the increasing trend toward mildly refined ingredients.
Integration of Feedforward and Feedback Information Streams in the Modular Architecture of Mouse Visual Cortex
Authors: Burkhalter Andreas , D'Souza Rinaldo D. , Ji Weiqing , Meier Andrew M.
Published: March 2023

Radial cell columns are a hallmark feature of cortical architecture in many mammalian species. It has long been held, based on the lack of orientation columns, that such functional units are absent in rodent primary visual cortex (V1). These observations led to the view that rodent visual cortex has a fundamentally different network architecture than that of carnivores and primates. While columns may be lacking in rodent V1, we describe in this review that modular clusters of inputs to layer 1 and projection neurons in the layers below are prominent features of the mouse visual cortex. We propose that modules organize thalamocortical inputs, intracortical processing streams, and transthalamic communications that underlie distinct sensory and sensorimotor functions.
Automatic Detection of Sports Injuries Based on Multimedia Intelligent 3D Images
Authors: Liu Chunmei , Cao Longhui
Published: March 2023

With the concept of quality education put forward, students’ sports activities have received extensive attention from society. As a result, sports injuries among students during sports have also aroused widespread concern, so it is an irreversible trend to detect sports injuries. The development of multimedia intelligent 3D image technology also provides technical support for sports injury detection, which makes it possible to automatically detect sports injuries. In this paper, an automatic detection system for sports injuries was designed based on multimedia intelligent three-dimensional image technology, and the related content was evaluated. In the investigation of the parts of students’ sports injuries, it was concluded that the injury rate of the students’ ankle joints was the highest; in the investigation of the types of sports injuries among students, it was concluded that students were more likely to suffer from joint sprains; in the project investigation of students’ sports injuries, it was concluded that students were more prone to sports injuries in ball games with a large amount of exercise; in the investigation of the causes of students’ sports injuries, it was concluded that the main reasons for students’ sports injuries were physical insufficiency and a bad venue environment; in terms of the performance evaluation of the sports injury detection system, it was concluded that the accuracy, effectiveness, authenticity, and efficiency of the sports injury automatic detection system based on multimedia intelligent three-dimensional image processing technology had been improved to different degrees compared with the traditional sports injury detection methods. Therefore, the detection efficiency of the sports injury automatic detection system proposed in this paper was improved by 5.7% compared with the traditional sports injury detection method.
Relationship between Peripheral Blood Inflammatory Factors and Prognosis of Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Peng Lu , Li Xiang , Li Hang , Zhong Yi , Lian Jinrong , Gao Heng , Chen Gang
Published: March 2023

Introduction: Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is a severe cerebrovascular event with high mortality and disability rate. Neuroinflammation is involved in the brain injury after SAH, but the exact association between SAH progression and peripheral blood inflammatory factors is unknown. Therefore, to determine the relationship between inflammatory factors and the prognosis of SAH, we performed a meta-analysis. Method: A systematic literature review was conducted in PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library. Studies comparing the relationship between inflammatory factors (C-reactive protein [CRP], interleukin-6 [IL-6], interleukin-10 [IL-10], and tumor necrosis factor [TNF-α]) and prognosis of SAH were included in the study. A random-effects meta-analysis was conducted based on mRS, GOS, and the occurrence of cerebral vasospasm, delayed cerebral ischemia, and delayed ischemic neurologic deficits. Sensitivity analysis was performed using the leave-one-out method. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) for case-control studies was used to assess the quality of included studies. For continuous variables, we calculated the mean difference with a 95% confidence interval (CI). Results: 1,469 patients from 18 case-control studies met the inclusion criteria. The results found that patients in the good outcome group had significantly lower CRP levels than those in the poor outcome group (SMD: −1.15, 95% CI: −1.64 to −0.66, p < 0.00001, I2 = 87%), and peripheral IL-6 levels were significantly lower in SAH patients with the good functional outcome than those with the poor functional outcome (SMD: −0.99, 95% CI: −1.48 to −0.51, p < 0.0001, I2 = 88%). As for IL-10 (SMD: −0.28, 95% CI: −0.97 to 0.42, p = 0.43, I2 = 88%) and TNF-α (SMD: −0.40, 95% CI: −0.98 to 0.19, p = 0.18, I2 = 79%), due to the small number of studies, heterogeneity, and uncontrollable factors, robust conclusions cannot be drawn. Conclusion: SAH patients with good prognoses have significantly lower peripheral CRP and IL-6 levels. In addition, due to the small number of studies, heterogeneity, and uncontrollable factors, robust conclusions cannot be drawn for IL-10 and TNF-α. More high-quality studies are needed in the future to provide more specific recommendations for the clinical practice of inflammatory factors.
Vehicle detection system based on shape, color, and time-motion
Authors: Amelia Afritha , Zarlis Muhammad , Suherman Suherman , Efendi Syahril
Published: March 2023

Vehicle detection application can assist in-vehicle surveillance functions and have implications for various fields. A vehicle can be identified through the license number attached to its license plate, the color and its shape. Vehicle detection can make use of multimedia sensors so that the design and detection performances can be optimal. Sensor performances are influenced by factors such as the number of multimedia sensors, sensor placement, sensor positioning, and schemes in case of system failure. This study makes use of multimedia sensors with cameras equipped by a phase detection auto focus (PDAF) technology which is like a pair of eyes to see an object. This study analyses 134 vehicles with number detection and various colors to see the effect on the detection and recognition processes. The cars were passed through the camera 10 times at a speed of 10-15 km/hour with various camera distances and positions. Various values and depths of the images were generated. The farther the distance the higher the disparity values. For maximum distance of 50 m, disparity is 6.20×106 and image depth is 16.88×109. Vehicle color influences detection with orange has the best accuracy, but the gray has the largest path error value.
Preprocessing of leaf images using brightness preserving dynamic fuzzy histogram equalization technique
Authors: John Sreya , Rose Peter Joseph Arul Leena
Published: March 2023

Agriculture serves as the backbone of many countries. It provides food and other essential materials as per our requirement. Various kinds of diseases are affecting the agricultural crops which in turn reduce the quantity and quality of the agricultural sector. This can also lead to the decrease in food production thereby affecting the economic growth and development. Even though the symptoms and other impacts of the diseases are outwardly visible, manual identification of diseases and rectification is a tedious and time-consuming process. Therefore, detecting the diseases using an automatic computer-based model will be an effective solution. Image processing methods in conjunction with machine learning algorithms provide greater assistance in the field of plant disease detection. In the proposed work, plant leaf images of 10 crops are collected as the dataset. The images after acquisition are preprocessed using brightness preserving dynamic fuzzy histogram equalization (BPDFHE), an advanced version of histogram equalization and Gaussian filtering. The results are calculated and compared using the parameters such as peak signal to noise ratio (PSNR), structural similarity index (SSIM) and mean square error (MSE). This method performs more accurately than the existing preprocessing approaches.
Pothole recognition using convolution neural networks and transfer learning
Authors: Senigalakuruba Chayadevi , Pabba Suraj
Published: March 2023

Potholes have been and still are a huge problem for every walk of life. There are many deaths and accidents reported daily due to that very problem. For that reason, pothole recognition comes into the picture. To maintain and preserve a road, it is vital to detect potholes. It also helps in the prevention of accidents. Roads play an important part in day-to-day transportation for every person around the world. But the quality of roads decreases drastically due to the way of usage and aging. The existing methods take much time and manpower to repair the damaged areas. The entire process is slowing down just because an expert team is checking whether there is a pothole at the reported location or not. So, if we automate the process of detection of potholes from a set of images reported from a particular location and appropriately alerting the authorities with the amount of damage, the process speeds up exponentially. We must solve the major problem of pothole recognition by using machine learning algorithms. This paper will discuss a convolution neural network-based and a transfer learning-based solution for pothole recognition.
Multi level trust calculation with improved ant colony optimization for improving quality of service in wireless sensor network
Authors: Jamal Ahmed Ahmed , Hashim Abbas Ali , AbdulJabbar Rashid Sami
Published: March 2023

Wireless sensor network (WSN) is the most integral parts of current technology which are used for the real time applications. The major drawbacks in currect technologies are threads due to the creation of false trust values and data congestion. Maximum of the concept of WSNs primarily needs security and optimization. So, we are in the desire to develop a new model which is highly secured and localized. In this paper, we introduced a novel approach namely multi level trust calculation with improved ant colony optimization (MLT-IACO). This approach mainly sub-divided into two sections they are multi level trust calculation which is the combination three levels of trust such as direct trust, indirect trust and random repeat trust. Secondly, improved ant colony optimization technique is used to find the optimal path in the network. By transmitting the data in the optimal path, the congestion and delay of the network is reduced which leads to increase the efficiency. The outcome values are comparatively analyzed based the parameters such as packet delivery ratio, network throughput and average latency. While compared with the earlier research our MLT-IACO approach produce high packet delivery ratio and throughput as well as lower latency and routing overhead.
Classification of customer churn prediction model for telecommunication industry using analysis of variance
Authors: Babatunde Ronke , Olaniyi Abdulsalam Sulaiman , Abdulkabir Abdulsalam Olanshile , Olaolu Arowolo Micheal
Published: March 2023

Customer predictive analytics has shown great potential for effective churn models. Thriving in today's telecommunications industry, discerning between consumers who are likely to migrate to a competitor is enormous. Having reliable predictive client behavior in the future is required. Machine learning algorithms are essential to predict customer turnovers, and researchers have proposed various techniques. Churn prediction is a problem due to the unequal dispersal of classes. Most traditional machine learning algorithms are ineffective in classifying data. Client cluster with a higher risk has been discovered. A support vector machine is employed as the foundational learner, and a churn prediction model is constructed based on each analysis of variance. The separation of churn data revealed by experimental assessment is recommended for churn prediction analysis. Customer attrition is high, but an instantaneous support can ensure that customer needs are addressed and assess an employee's capacity to achieve customer satisfaction. This study uses an analysis of variance (ANOVA) with a support vector machine (SVM), classification in analyzing risks in telecom systems It may be determined that SVM provides the most accurate forecast of customer turnover (95%). The projected outcomes will allow other organizations to assess possible client turnover and collect customer feedback.
Handwritten Javanese script recognition method based 12-layers deep convolutional neural network and data augmentation
Authors: Susanto Ajib , Wahyu Mulyono Ibnu Utomo , Atika Sari Christy , Hari Rachmawanto Eko , Ignatius Moses Setiadi De Rosal , Sarker Md Kamruzzaman
Published: March 2023

Although numerous studies have been conducted on handwritten recognition, there is little and non-optimal research on Javanese script recognition due to its limitation to basic characters. Therefore, this research proposes the design of a handwritten Javanese Script recognition method based on twelve layers deep convolutional neural network (DCNN), consisting of four convolutions, two pooling, and five fully connected (FC) layers, with SoftMax classifiers. Five FC layers were proposed in this research to conduct the learning process in stages to achieve better learning outcomes. Due to the limited number of images in the Javanese script dataset, an augmentation process is needed to improve recognition performance. This method obtained 99.65% accuracy using seven types of geometric augmentation and the proposed DCNN model for 120 Javanese script character classes. It consists of 20 basic characters plus 100 others from the compound of basic and vowels characters.
Improve the energy efficiency of PV systems by installing a soft switching boost converter with MPPT control
Authors: Kadhem Basim Talib , Harden Sumer Sahib , Alatbee Osama Yaseen Khudair , Abdulhassan Khalid M.
Published: March 2023

To improve the energy consumption rate of solar cells and reduce switching loss, a maximum power point tracking (MPPT) control approach is presented to manage the boost converter and achieve soft switching. A method for determining the optimal values of the soft switching boost converter design parameters has been proposed, by determining the ideal values for the inductor, capacitor, and duty cycle of the boost converter with soft switching, this method enables the key matching of the PV system with the DC/DC converter configuration. In addition to presenting an analysis of several MPPT methodologies, the entire design of the PV converter system is also included. This study compares the perturb-and-observe (P&O) method and the incremental conductance (IC) method for maximum power point tracking (MPPT) in the MATLAB/Simulink application. The PV systems with both MPPT algorithms have been simulated beginning with an implemented model of the photovoltaic (PV) array together with the soft switching boost converter and its MPPT control. The simulation results based on irradiance and temperature are then shown. In the end, soft-switching is more efficient than hard-switching, especially when operating at full load.
Novel strategy for fault e-diagnosis of wind energy conversion systems using wavelet analysis based on Rt-Lab and Arduino
Authors: Cheriet Ahmed , Hazzab Abdeldjebar , Bekri Abdelkader , Gouabi Hicham , Habbab Mohamed , Rezkallah Miloud , Chandra Ambrish , Ibrahim Hussein
Published: March 2023

The diagnosis of wind energy conversion systems (WECS) turns out to be necessary because of their relatively high cost of operation and maintenance. Wind turbines are hard-to-access structures, and they are often located in remote areas. Therefore, a remote diagnosis (e-diagnosis) is required. This paper proposes an alternative approach for the e-diagnosis of a WECS based on the discrete wavelet transform (DWT) and frequency analysis of the aero generator stator currents. To validate this approach, real-time hardware in the loop (HIL) is used to simulate in real-time the mathematical model of the induction generator on the OPAL-RT OP5600 platform to generate the stator currents and the rotor speed. The DWT is applied to the current signal, to generate the DWT signal, which has a huge number of points that are not supported for direct transmission by the Arduino Mega RobotDyn because of its limited sample time. The absolute values of the DWT peak points (MDWT) are sent as point’s packages form to the diagnosis station via the ESP8266 integrated Wi-Fi board of the Arduino Mega RobotDyn to monitor the SCIG states and determine the number of broken bars.
Photovoltaic system for maximum power point tracking using hybrid firefly and perturbation and observation algorithm
Authors: Rao Lavety Navinkumar , Somalwar Rahul , Dalvi Harshit , Singh Satyavir , Subudhi Partha Sarathi
Published: March 2023

This work presents the novel maximum power point tracking (MPPT) approach for a small 50 W photovoltaic (PV) system using the dc-dc converter. The method of modeling of PV module is discussed. The firefly (FFY) algorithm and the perturbation and observation (P&O) algorithm are combined to implement MPPT of the PV system connected to battery load. The operating principle is discussed in detail and steady-state analysis of the proposed system is implemented through simulation. The charging profile of the 7.5 Ah VRL battery is also studied using simulation. Furthermore, a low-cost microcontroller-based experimental setup rated at 50 W system connected to battery load was built to implement a hybrid FFY-P&O algorithm. The experimental results are in same as the simulation result. In contrast to the traditional P&O approach, it demonstrated the quick and efficient maximum power point operation triggered by a sudden transition in the environment.
Optimization of fractional order PI controller to regulate grid voltage connected photovoltaic system based on slap swarm algorithm
Authors: Altawil Ibrahim , Momani Mohammad Awad , Al-Tahat Mahamood A. , Al Athamneh Raed , Al-Saadi Mohammed Adnan , Albataineh Zaid
Published: March 2023

Problems with voltage and stability have arisen as a result of the dramatic development in renewable energy generating units, notably solar energy systems linked to low and medium voltage networks, and the influence of active loads that vary rapidly from time to time during the day. Because reactive power is directly proportional to voltage, its use to renewable energy producing units can only improve their efficiency. Better performance for these controllers is possible via the usage of several controller types. In this paper, we use a salp swarm optimization algorithm (SSA) to design fractional order proportional-integral (FO-PI) controllers, whose job it is to regulate the active and reactive power of solar inverters by compensating for the overvoltage and undervoltage presented by the inverters' ability to absorb and produce reactive power. After that, we compared the FO-PI controller's results to those of the standard PI controller. Grid-connected photovoltaic (PV) system modeling and simulation were performed using the MATLAB/ Simulink modeling and simulation tools. After that, the full PV system was simulated in the most likely situations across a range of grid and weather conditions. We may infer from the simulation results that this model is credible, reliable, and applicable to the analysis of grid-connected PV systems.