bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Entwurf, Modellierung und Verifikation von Serviceabhängigkeiten in Prozessmodulen
Authors: Ladiges Jan , Köcher Aljosha , Clement Peer , Bloch Henry , Holm Thomas , Altmann Paul , Fay Alexander , Urbas Leon
Published: May 2018

Dieser Beitrag beschreibt eine Methode für das Engineering von Abhängigkeiten zwischen Services, die ein Modul einer Produktionsanlage in der Prozessindustrie anbietet. Hierzu wird eine Serviceabhängigkeitsmatrix eingeführt, die beim Engineering eines Moduls genutzt werden kann, um die Abhängigkeiten zwischen Services festzulegen. Die Services werden jeweils als Petri-Netz beschrieben und durch die Abhängigkeiten in eine zusammenhängende Petri-Netz-Struktur überführt. Zur effizienten Darstellung der Services und ihrer Abhängigkeiten wird, basierend auf dem PNML-Kernmodell, ein neuer Petri-Netz-Typ eingeführt, die ServiceNets. Eine formale Analyse dieser Petri-Netze erlaubt die Verifikation u. a. hinsichtlich erreichbarer Zustände und Deadlock-Freiheit.
Semantische Ermittlung kinematischer Fähigkeiten aus Anlagenplanungsdaten
Authors: Glawe Matthias , Hildebrandt Constantin , Peschke Jörn , Fay Alexander
Published: May 2018

Zur klaren, möglichst automatisierbaren Beantwortung der Frage, ob ein Fertigungssystem einen Produktionsauftrag realisieren kann, bedarf es einer möglichst rechnerbasiert auswertbaren Fähigkeitsbeschreibung. Für heutige Fertigungssysteme liegt eine solche Fähigkeitsbeschreibung meist nicht vor und müsste durch Auswertung vorliegender Engineering-Artefakte (z. B 3D-CAD-Modelle) von Experten manuell erstellt werden. Der vorliegende Beitrag zeigt eine Methode auf, um die Lücke zwischen vorliegenden Engineering-Artefakten und notwendigen Fähigkeitsbeschreibungen zu schließen. Dabei wird anhand der Ermittlung kinematischer Fähigkeiten aus 3D-CAD-Daten ein Ansatz zur automatischen, regelbasierten Ermittlung der Fähigkeiten aufgezeigt und die Repräsentation der ermittelten Fähigkeiten in Form einer Ontologie zur weiteren, Plattform-übergreifenden Verwendung dargestellt.
Agreeing to Disagree with Conditional Probability Systems
Authors: Tsakas Elias
Published: May 2018

In this note, we extend Aumann’s agreement theorem to a framework where beliefs are modelled by conditional probability systems à la Battigalli, P., and M. Siniscalchi. 1999. “Hierarchies of Conditional Beliefs and Interactive Epistemology in Dynamic Games.” Journal of Economic Theory 88: 188–230. We prove two independent generalizations of the agreement theorem, one where the agents share some common conditioning event, and one where they may not.
Using authentic spoken language across all levels of language teaching: Developing discourse and interactional competence
Authors: Tao Hongyin , Salaberry M. Rafael , Yeh Meng , Burch Alfred Rue
Published: May 2018

This journal issue contains a number of papers/teaching units that are dedicated to the review and analysis of some ways in which authentic language materials can be used for the teaching and learning of Mandarin Chinese from the beginning to advanced levels. We first describe the rationale for the expanded use of authentic language data in classroom instruction, and then we present four exploratory units to showcase some of the effective classroom teaching procedures that are useful to make learners aware of (and eventually use) important features of language interaction in Chinese. The units use two types of authentic materials: natural conversations and entertainment media (TV and movies). Some of the materials, due to the nature of the communicative settings associated with them, raise important theoretical questions about norms and expectations of (intercultural) communication and goals of language learning. This introduction provides a brief review of the theoretical foundations of the sample units and an overview of the units presented here.
Displaying recipiency in doctor-patient conversations
Authors: Fu Liang
Published: May 2018

A doctor’s ability to communicate with patients to ensure high-quality health care and the limited spoken materials available to teach this ability in a Chinese for Medical Purpose class call for teaching pedagogies that include authentic doctor-patient conversations to allow the access to the type of language data that properly define language use in medical professional settings. This paper introduces a teaching lesson for a Chinese for Medical Purpose course in which students are provided with a real doctor-patient conversation and guided to explore the doctor’s various ways of displaying recipiency of information from the patient as well as the socio-cultural meanings behind them. Six in-class and out-of-class activities are described in detail which include reflection on English recipient styles, comparison and analysis of Chinese and English spoken data, discussion on the social-cultural meanings and application of the learned recipient styles in oral practice. Issues and recommendations of designing and implementing the lesson plan as well as the outcomes of the lesson are discussed.
Dendroidal spaces, Γ-spaces and the special Barratt--Priddy--Quillen theorem
Authors: Boavida de Brito Pedro , Moerdijk Ieke
Published: May 2018

We study the covariant model structure on dendroidal spaces, and establish direct relations to the homotopy theory of algebras over a simplicial operad as well as to the homotopy theory of special Γ-spaces. As an important tool in the latter comparison, we present a sharpening of the classical Barratt–Priddy–Quillen theorem.
Electrodeposition of Polymer Nanostructures using Three Diffuse Double Layers: Polymerization beyond the Liquid/Liquid Interfaces
Authors: Divya Velpula , Sangaranarayanan M. V.
Published: May 2018

Nanostructured conducting polymers have received immense attention during the past few decades on account of their phenomenal usefulness in diverse contexts, while the interface between two immiscible liquids is of great interest in chemical and biological applications. Here we propose a novel Electrode(solid)/Electrolyte(aqueous)/Electrolyte(organic)Interfacial assembly for the synthesis of polymeric nanostructures using a novel concept of three diffuse double layers. There exist remarkable differences between the morphologies of the polymers synthesized using the conventional electrode/electrolyte method and that of the new approach. In contrast to the commonly employed electrodeposition at liquid/liquid interfaces, these polymer modified electrodes can be directly employed in diverse applications such as sensors, supercapacitors etc.
Hydrogen Generation in Water Splitting Reaction Using Aluminum: Effect of NaOH Concentration and Reaction Modelling Using SCM
Authors: Tekade Shyam P. , Shende Diwakar Z. , Wasewar Kailas L.
Published: May 2018

The kinetics of the heterogeneous reaction of metal aluminum with water was studied in presence of NaOH as an activator for generating the hydrogen. Aluminum (Al) powder of average size of 100 µm and foil of thickness of 11 µm were utilized to study the effect of the shape of particles of aluminum on hydrogen generation. The hydrogen generation was reported at various concentrations of NaOH, ranging from 0.12 N to 0.67 N. The fractional conversion of Al was found to be 0.66 at 0.12 N and 1.0 at 0.185 N, 0.37 N, 0.54 N, 0.65 N NaOH concentration. The activation energy of the reaction has been determined at the stoichiometric concentration of 0.185 N NaOH at the temperature ranging from 298 to 323 K. An attempt was made to model the reaction using Shrinking Core Model (SCM) for determining the rate controlling mechanism for the heterogeneous reaction. The reaction was observed to follow the first order kinetics and the average value of reaction rate constant using Al power and foil was found to be 27.322 x 10-4 cm/min and 2.125 x 10-4 cm/min respectively.
Experimental Identification using Equivalent Circuit Model for Lithium-Ion Battery
Authors: Eltoumi F. , Badji A. , Becherif M. , Ramadan H. S.
Published: May 2018

The modelling of Lithium-ion batteries is considered as a powerful tool for the introduction and testing of this technology in energy storage applications. In fact, new application domains for the battery technology have recently placed greater emphasis on their energy management, monitoring, and control strategies. Battery models have become an essential tool for the design of battery-powered systems; their usage includes battery state-of-charge (SoC), state-of-health (SoH) estimations, and battery management system design and battery characterization. This paper presents a method on how to estimate Lithium-Ion battery equivalent circuit model (ECM) parameters based on experimental characteristic measurements by charging and discharging the battery at different modes. The experiment is realized with a computer that realizes the control of charge and discharge via LabVIEWTM software. In this paper, tests are conducted on Lithium-Ion battery 18650 (nominal voltage of 3.7 V and nominal capacity of 2900 mAh) with the proposed method to evaluate the battery model parameters. The proposed method has the best dynamic performance and gives accurate parameter identification which enables the use of models to simulate the battery system performance.
An aqueous extract of the Anogeissus leiocarpus bark (AEAL) induces the endothelium-dependent relaxation of porcine coronary artery rings involving predominantly nitric oxide
Authors: Belemnaba Lazare , Ouédraogo Sylvin , Nitiéma Mathieu , Chataigneau Thierry , Guissou Innocent Pierre , Schini-Kerth Valérie B. , Bucher Bernard , Auger Cyril
Published: May 2018

Background:

Anogeissus leiocarpus is a Sahel tree traditionally used by the residents of Burkina Faso for its antihypertensive properties. In this study, experiments were conducted to evaluate whether an aqueous extract of the Anogeissus leiocarpus (AEAL) trunk bark induces a vasorelaxant effect on porcine coronary artery rings and to investigate the underlying mechanism.

Methods:

AEAL-induced relaxations were assessed using porcine coronary artery rings suspended in organ chambers. The phosphorylation levels of Src, Akt and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) were assessed in a primary endothelial cell culture by Western blot. The reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation was assessed using dihydroethidine.

Results:

In porcine coronary artery rings, AEAL at 0.1–300 μg/mL induced endothelium-dependent relaxations, which were inhibited in the presence of inhibitors of nitric oxide (NO) and the endothelium-derived hyperpolarization pathways. Moreover, the AEAL-induced NO-mediated relaxations were significantly reduced by the inhibitors of Src and PI3-kinase as well as by the membrane-permeant ROS scavengers. In cultured porcine coronary artery endothelial cells, treatment with AEAL is associated with an intracellular generation of ROS. Moreover, the AEAL induced the phosphorylations of Akt (Ser473), eNOS (Ser1177) and a transient phosphorylation of Src (Ser17) in a time-dependent manner.

Conclusions:

These findings indicate that AEAL is a potent inducer of endothelium-dependent NO-mediated relaxations in porcine coronary arteries through the redox-sensitive Src/PI3-kinase/Akt pathway-dependent activation of eNOS.
Digital Rights Management System and Administration: A Wake-up Call for Nigeria!
Authors: Ajetunmobi Ridwan Lanre
Published: May 2018

The advent of the digital milieu and the explosion of the internet has made access, use, modification or duplication of original work easy. Physical reproductions have been replaced by digital reproduction, which has become much easier as well as cost-effective. The increased use of digital technology and online activities pose a serious threat to the cardinal objective of copyright protection. To counter these threats, measures have been developed technologically to make digital works difficult to copy, distribute and access without the necessary permission. These measures are covered under the heading of Digital Rights Management (DRM). Traditional copyright laws did not contemplate these threats and does not make provision to tackle them. Several countries have amended their copyright laws to address the threats posed by digital advancement. In this context, Nigeria has a draft (amendment) bill, 2015, which is before its national assembly. This paper calls for the swift passage of the bill to enable Nigeria to effectively provide for a legal framework to counter the threats posed by these digital advancements.
From 3D Scans to Networks: Using Swords to Understand Communities of Central European Bronze Age Smiths
Authors: Golubiewski-Davis Kristina
Published: May 2018

This case study uses 3D scans of Central European Bronze Age swords (~1400-800BC) to recreate community networks of knowledge. 3D scans of 111 bronze swords were analyzed, from which measurements including blade profile, hilt profile, and decorative shape data were collected. The data were analyzed using a variety of statistical methods. Cluster analysis was used to create links between the nodes of networks that were modelled. A community detection algorithm was run on the networks to examine potential communities of bronze smiths based on theorized manufacturing decisions. These analyses suggest there were four distinct areas within which craft workers were sharing knowledge.
Aristotle’s Vocabulary of Pain
Authors: Cheng Wei
Published: May 2018

This paper examines Aristotle’s vocabulary of pain, that is the differences and relations of the concepts of pain expressed by (near-)synonyms in the same semantic field. It investigates what is particularly Aristotelian in the selection of the pain-words in comparison with earlier authors and specifies the special semantic scope of each word-cluster. The result not only aims to pin down the exact way these terms converge with and diverge from each other, but also serves as a basis for further understanding Aristotle’s philosophical conception of pain.
Defining the Ecological Coefficient of Performance for an Aircraft Propulsion System
Authors: Şöhret Yasin
Published: May 2018

The aircraft industry, along with other industries, is considered responsible these days regarding environmental issues. Therefore, the performance evaluation of aircraft propulsion systems should be conducted with respect to environmental and ecological considerations. The current paper aims to present the ecological coefficient of performance calculation methodology for aircraft propulsion systems. The ecological coefficient performance is a widely-preferred performance indicator of numerous energy conversion systems. On the basis of thermodynamic laws, the methodology used to determine the ecological coefficient of performance for an aircraft propulsion system is parametrically explained and illustrated in this paper for the first time. For a better understanding, to begin with, the exergy analysis of a turbojet engine is described in detail. Following this, the outputs of the analysis are employed to define the ecological coefficient of performance for a turbojet engine. At the end of the study, the ecological coefficient of performance is evaluated parametrically and discussed depending on selected engine design parameters and performance measures. The author asserts the ecological coefficient of performance to be a beneficial indicator for researchers interested in aircraft propulsion system design and related topics.
Aerodynamic Performance Characteristics of NACA 0010 Cascade with Gurney Flaps
Authors: Nilavarasan T. , Joshi Ganapati. N. , Chandel Sunil
Published: May 2018

Computational investigations on the effect of Gurney flaps in a NACA 0010 cascade with a 90oblade angle were carried out using STARCCM+ code. The flaps were positioned at the trailing edge of the blades and were aligned at 45oand 90oto the blade chord. The variations in the lift, drag, aerodynamic efficiency and static pressure distributions were recorded on the blades and were compared with the baseline case. Significant increase in the lift coefficient was observed due to the Gurney flaps accompanied by a small drag penalty. This is achieved by increasing the effective camber of the blade, thereby increasing the pressure difference between the pressure and suction surfaces. The Gurney flaps increased the aerodynamic efficiency of the blade at lower angles of attack, whereas at higher angles a small drop in the value was observed.
Study of Intermolecular Interactions of CTAB with Amino Acids at Different Temperatures: A Multi Technique Approach
Authors: Ali Anwar , Ansari Nizamul Haque , Farooq Ummer , Tasneem Shadma , Nabi Firdosa
Published: May 2018

The densities, ρ, viscosities, η and specific conductivities κ, of (0.0002, 0.0004, 0.0006 and 0.0008 m) CTAB in 0.1 m aqueous valine, leucine and isoleucine were measured at different temperatures. The measured data were used to calculate various useful thermodynamic parameters. A complete characterization of any mixture can be performed by means of these thermodynamic properties. The apparent molar volume, ϕv
, partial molar volume,

ϕ
v
0

$\phi _v^0$

and partial molar isobaric expansibilities,

ϕ
E
0

,

$\phi _E^0,$

were calculated using density data. The viscosity data were analyzed using Jones–Dole equation to obtain viscosity coefficients, A- and B-, free energy of activation per mole of solvent, Δμ
1°∗, and solute, Δμ
2°∗, enthalpy, ΔH
∗ and entropy, ΔS
∗ of activation of viscous flow. Measuring the changes in these properties has been found to be an excellent qualitative and quantitative way to obtain information regarding the molecular structure and intermolecular interactions occurring in these mixtures. Various structure-making/breaking ability of solute (cetyltrimethylammonium bromide) in presence of aqueous amino acid solutions were discussed. In addition, fluorescence study using pyrene as a photophysical probe has been carried out, the results of which support the conclusions obtained from other techniques.
Temperature-Enhanced Follicular Penetration of Thermoresponsive Nanogels
Authors: Jung Sora , Nagel Gregor , Giulbudagian Michael , Calderón Marcelo , Patzelt Alexa , Knorr Fanny , Lademann Jürgen
Published: May 2018

Hair follicles can serve as an effective reservoir for dermal drug delivery upon the topical application of particulate substances. Here, the follicular penetration of an indodicarbocyanine-labelled thermoresponsive nanogel (189 nm) having a cloud point temperature of 34°C and linked via an acid-labile linker to the model drug indocarbocyanine was investigated. In total, 227 hair follicles of porcine ear skin were examined after topical application of the thermoresponsive nanogels at room temperature (21°C), physiological skin surface temperature (32°C) and core body temperature (37°C) for the follicular penetration depths of indodicarbocyanine and indocarbocyanine using confocal laser scanning microscopy. The results showed a significantly increased mean follicular penetration of the carrier to a depth of 298.8±85.8 μm after incubation at 37°C compared to samples incubated at 21°C and 32°C with mean follicular penetration depths of 202.7±81.7 μm and 219.4±52.9 μm, respectively (p<0.001). Possibly structural changes in the thermoresponsive nanogel induced by the increased incubation temperature led to an enhancement of follicular penetration. Therefore, thermoresponsive nanogels may be suitable for the temperature-enhanced penetration into the hair follicles under physiological conditions.
The Microstructure and Water Distribution of Partially Saturated Hard Clay
Authors: Chen Liufeng , Peng Hua , Yang Diansen
Published: May 2018

This article presents an experimental investigation of the microstructure and water distribution of partially saturated natural hard clay. A series of natural hard clay specimens were desaturated using a controlled-suction technique and then examined using nuclear magnetic resonance relaxometry (NMR) and mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP). NMR allows one to investigate the microstructure and the water distribution of the material, while MIP can provide information about the free space distribution of the material. The results of NMR are consistent with the MIP measurements and show that the pore size of the hard clay has a similar unimodal distribution. The relaxation time distribution curves are closely related to the water content of the specimens. The dehydration mechanism of the hard clay is revealed by both NMR and MIP: the water progressively evaporates from large pores to small pores. The peak of the T2 relaxation time distribution decreases with a decrease in water content, and the peak of the free pore size distribution increases during hydration. The results of NMR and MIP are consistent and reveal the same dehydration mechanisms. The limits of NMR and MIP for partially saturated materials will be discussed in this text.
Guidance for Investigating Calcite Precipitation by Urea Hydrolysis for Geomaterials
Authors: Shashank B. S. , Minto James M. , Singh Devendra Narain , Mountassir Gráinne El , Knapp Charles W.
Published: May 2018

Microbially induced calcite precipitation (MICP) is a sustainable method of stabilizing (i.e., cementing) loose sandy deposits or creating an impervious barrier within the soil mass or both. MICP can occur through various biochemical pathways, and ‘Urea Hydrolysis’ (UH) is considered to be the most efficient of the MICP methods for biochemically inducing calcite precipitation. To date, the geotechnical engineering community that has investigated MICP has tended to focus on the hydromechanical behavior of the end product, i.e., MICP cemented sands; however, many biochemical factors that affect reaction-rate kinetics and MICP outcomes have been understudied or neglected. This study investigates the kinetics of UH and compares different sources of the urease enzyme—those microbially cultivated in the laboratory (i.e., Sporosarcina pasteurii) and those extracted from plants (i.e., Jack bean meal)—to investigate the influence of urea concentration, buffer capacity, and the cell harvesting method on UH. Through this study, an attempt has been made to arrive at an optimal concentration of urea, under the influence of the previously mentioned parameters and the buffering action of the soil, on urea hydrolysis. These results have implications for optimizing MICP and, in particular, for upscaling these methods to in situ applications.
Review of Residual Stress Measurement by Magnetic Barkhausen Noise Technique
Authors: Gur C. Hakan
Published: May 2018

Determination of residual stress state is important for quality, integrity, and service performance of the components and structures. Almost all manufacturing processes cause considerable amounts of residual stress; thus, any process or product design ignoring it involves a risk for distortion or early failure. Among the existing methods, the magnetic Barkhausen noise method has been gaining attention for measuring residual stresses nondestructively in ferromagnetic materials. It is sensitive to the interactions between the magnetic structure and microstructure or residual stress fields. So far, successful qualitative results have been obtained for monitoring the residual stress variations on the surfaces of the components manufactured by various processes. However, some challenging tasks exist, such as obtaining reliable quantitative results when residual stresses and microstructure change at the same time or extracting depth-specific information. This article reviews the studies for the measurement of residual stress by magnetic Barkhausen noise method, particularly focusing on the processes widely used in industry, namely shot peening and welding.
Musik – Sprache – (Sprach-)Bild. Zur Semiotizität barocker Gleichnisarien (1. Teil)
Authors: Agnetta Marco
Published: May 2018

The aim of the present study is to describe some of the possible relations between music, language, and verbal picture (or metaphor) which can be found in the drammi per musica of the early 18th century and especially in four allegorical arias of Vivaldi’s opus La Griselda (1735). The paper illustrates some aspects of the cooperation between librettist (Goldoni) and composer (Vivaldi) as well as the importance of the metaphor for the interlinkage of music and language in such arias. It is divided into two parts: The first part presented in the following outlines the bipartite textual structure of the mentioned simile arias (metaphoric vs. literal stanza) which recalls the same two-piece structure of renaissance and baroque emblems. The second part will focus on the interaction of poetic language, verbal image, and Vivaldi’s music in the mentioned simile arias.
Organisatorische Komplexität in sozialen Bewegungen: Das Beispiel globaler Dschihadismus
Authors: Streiter Andreas
Published: May 2018

Dieser Artikel illustriert die organisationstheoretisch relevanten Aspekte der von Gilles Deleuze und Félix Guattari entworfenen Rhizom-Metapher anhand des Fallbeispiels globaler Dschihadismus. Dabei werden zwei Ziele verfolgt: Erstens soll das Potenzial der Metapher aufgezeigt werden, zu einem besseren Verständnis dynamischer Organisationsmodalitäten beizutragen, die durch die Linse traditioneller Theorien betrachtet schwer zugänglich sind. Zweitens soll zu einem umfassenderen Verständnis des Phänomens globaler Dschihadismus beigetragen werden. Mithilfe der Rhizom-Metapher wird deutlich, dass der globale Dschihadismus nicht entweder hierarchisch oder netzwerkartig organisiert ist, sondern dass er eine organisatorische Vielheit darstellt, die hierarchische und netzwerkartige Dimensionen in sich ständig verändernden Ausprägungen umfasst.
Anpassung an die Medienlogik? Eine Untersuchung politischer Kommunikationsstrategien von AkteurInnen aus Deutschland und Österreich
Authors: Riedl Andreas , Mühl Birgit , Maurer Peter
Published: May 2018

Obwohl die steigende Abhängigkeit politischer Eliten von öffentlicher Kommunikation sowie ihre Orientierung an medialen Formaten überzeugend postuliert werden, gibt es wenige empirische Erkenntnisse dazu, wie sich dies in ihren Vorstellungen niederschlägt. Deshalb fragt dieser Beitrag, inwieweit sich die Wahrnehmungen von PolitikerInnen und KommunikationsberaterInnen in Deutschland und Österreich bezüglich der Effektivität medienlogikorientierter Kommunikationsstrategien inter-individuell und im Ländervergleich unterscheiden. Er stützt sich auf eine Sekundäranalyse von 259 offenen Antworten von 318 Befragten aus einer internationalen Befragung zur politischen Kommunikationskultur (2008/2009). In diesen wurden 592 Einzelstrategien genannt, die dann induktiv zu Kategorien verdichtet und quantitativ ausgewertet wurden. Eine bivariate Auswertung belegt dabei relative Homogenität zwischen Ländern und Regierungs- bzw. Oppositionsparteien bei leicht stärkerer Tendenz zur Dramatisierung in Österreich. Eine multiple logistische Regressionsanalyse zeigt jedoch, dass die Parteizugehörigkeit sowie geringes Vertrauen in parlamentarische Kommunikation die Wahl medienlogischer Strategien begünstigen.
Andrea Komlosy (2018): Grenzen. Räumliche und soziale Trennlinien im Zeitverlauf
Authors: Segert Dieter
Published: May 2018

n/a
Schaffer Collateral Inputs to CA1 Excitatory and Inhibitory Neurons Follow Different Connectivity Rules
Authors: Kwon Osung , Feng Linqing , Druckmann Shaul , Kim Jinhyun
Published: May 2018

Neural circuits, governed by a complex interplay between excitatory and inhibitory neurons, are the substrate for information processing, and the organization of synaptic connectivity in neural network is an important determinant of circuit function. Here, we analyzed the fine structure of connectivity in hippocampal CA1 excitatory and inhibitory neurons innervated by Schaffer collaterals (SCs) using mGRASP in male mice. Our previous study revealed spatially structured synaptic connectivity between CA3 and CA1 pyramidal cells (PCs). Surprisingly, parvalbumin-positive interneurons (PVs) showed a significantly more random pattern spatial structure. Notably, application of Peters' rule for synapse prediction by random overlap between axons and dendrites enhanced structured connectivity in PCs, but, by contrast, made the connectivity pattern in PVs more random. In addition, PCs in a deep sublayer of striatum pyramidale appeared more highly structured than PCs in superficial layers, and little or no sublayer specificity was found in PVs. Our results show that CA1 excitatory PCs and inhibitory PVs innervated by the same SC inputs follow different connectivity rules. The different organizations of fine scale structured connectivity in hippocampal excitatory and inhibitory neurons provide important insights into the development and functions of neural networks.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTUnderstanding how neural circuits generate behavior is one of the central goals of neuroscience. An important component of this endeavor is the mapping of fine-scale connection patterns that underlie, and help us infer, signal processing in the brain. Here, using our recently developed synapse detection technology (mGRASP and neuTube), we provide detailed profiles of synaptic connectivity in excitatory (CA1 pyramidal) and inhibitory (CA1 parvalbumin-positive) neurons innervated by the same presynaptic inputs (CA3 Schaffer collaterals). Our results reveal that these two types of CA1 neurons follow different connectivity patterns. Our new evidence for differently structured connectivity at a fine scale in hippocampal excitatory and inhibitory neurons provides a better understanding of hippocampal networks and will guide theoretical and experimental studies.
The non-canonical NF-κB pathway and its contribution to β-cell failure in diabetes
Authors: Meyerovich Kira , Ortis Fernanda , Cardozo Alessandra K
Published: May 2018

The prevalence of diabetes has reached 8.8% in worldwide population and is predicted to increase up to 10.4% by 2040. Thus, there is an urgent need for the development of means to treat or prevent this major disease. Due to its role in inflammatory responses, several studies demonstrated the importance of the transcription factor nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) in both type 1 diabetes (T1D) and type 2 diabetes (T2D). The two major NF-κB pathways are the canonical and the non-canonical. The later pathway is activated by the NF-κB-inducing kinase (NIK) that triggers p100 processing into p52, which forms with RelB its main dimer. Cytokines mediating the activation of this pathway are present in the serum of T1D and T2D patients. Conversely, limited information is available regarding the role of the alternative pathway on diabetes development and β-cell fate. In the present review, we will briefly describe the involvement of NF-κB on diabetes pathology and discuss new studies indicating an important role for the non-canonical NF-κB activation in β-cell function and survival. The non-canonical NF-κB pathway is emerging as a novel potential target for the development of therapeutic strategies to treat or prevent diabetes.
Listado actualizado de peces del arrecife de Cabo Pulmo, Golfo de California, México
Authors: Ayala Bocos Arturo , Fernández Rivera Melo Francisco Javier , Reyes Bonilla Héctor
Published: May 2018

El Parque Nacional Cabo Pulmo está entre las áreas protegidas más exitosas del Océano Pacífico Oriental, y alberga el arrecife coralino más septentrional de la región. El objetivo de este trabajo fue actualizar el último listado publicado de peces presentes en el parque. Se realizaron observaciones de especímenes en más de 500 inmersiones, los censos fueron llevados a cabo entre 2004 y 2017, adicionalmente, se obtuvieron registros de una extensa revisión bibliográfica acerca de la ictiofauna local publicados entre 2001 y 2017. Aquí se agregan 69 nuevos registros de especies de peces arrecifales presentes en el arrecife de Cabo Pulmo, estos corresponden a 24 órdenes, 35 familias y 51 géneros. Con estas adiciones, el listado actual consiste en 302 especies, correspondientes a 194 géneros, 74 familias y 24 órdenes.
Riqueza y distribución vertical de los moluscos del litoral rocoso de la provincia de Islay, Arequipa, al sur del Perú
Authors: Tejada-Pérez Cristian A. , Villasante Francisco , Luque-Fernández Cesar , Tejada-Begazo Claudia L.
Published: May 2018

El litoral rocoso es un ecosistema heterogéneo en el que se distinguen una franja supralitoral, una zona mediolitoral y una franja infralitoral, al reconocer a las especies de moluscos como indicadoras de una zonación vertical. Este trabajo contribuye al conocimiento de la riqueza y la distribución vertical de los moluscos intermareales para la provincia de Islay, Arequipa, Perú. Se realizó una búsqueda intensiva en los meses de noviembre y diciembre del año 2013, para poder determinar la riqueza y se establecieron tres cuadrantes de 25 x 25 cm de lado distribuidos perpendicularmente a la línea costera con 14 repeticiones en los 7 sitios de estudio, para establecer su distribución vertical. Se utilizó un análisis de componentes principales (ACP), un escalamiento multidimensional no métrico (nMDS) y curvas de rango-abundancia para la determinación de la distribución vertical, y un análisis de similaridades (ANOSIM) para determinar diferencias entre la composición de moluscos entre los sitios de estudios y las subzonas del litoral. Se encontraron un total de 57 taxones, donde Echinolittorina peruviana fue la especie más representativa en la franja supralitoral, Perumytilus purpuratus para la zona mediolitoral y Tegula atra para la franja infralitoral. No se presentaron diferencias significativas en la composición de moluscos entre los sitios de estudio, pero sí entre las subzonas, al ser la zona mediolitoral la que presentó mayor riqueza y abundancia de organismos. La similitud fue mayor entre las subzonas medio e infra- con respecto a la supralitoral.
Euripidés Phaethón-töredéke Goethe kiegészítései tükrében
Authors: Zsolt Adorjáni
Published: May 2018

A tanulmány célja újolag szemügyre venni a Phaethón töredék kapcsán felmerülő három legfontosabb kérdést és az arra adott válaszokat: milyen jellem és összeütközés húzódik meg a főhős végletes tiltakozása mögött a házasság ellen, kicsoda a rejtélyes menyasszony, végezetül meglévő ismereteink alapján milyen befejezés látszik megfelelni a drámai szövetnek? Dolgozatomban Goethe helyreállítási kísérletének kitüntetett figyelmet szentelek, mi több a költő egyes javaslatai nem csak művészileg, de filológiailag is helytállónak bizonyulnak. Némi személyes elfogultsága mindenesetre már a phaethóni jellem új értelmezése és a hybris-dráma átértékelése felé mutat a Faust II Euphorion-jelenetében.
Frange, puer, calamos...
Authors: Zoltán Simon L.
Published: May 2018

A bukolikus műfaj allegorizáló fölfogása, mely Nero korában általánossá vált, soktekinte tben elszegényedést hozott Vergilius bonyolult jelképteremtő művészetéhez képest. Calpurniusnak azonban éppen a pásztori allegóriában rejlő lehetőségeket kiaknázva sikerült a pusztán reproduktív imitáció kötelmein túllépnie; Corydon alakjában saját érvényesülési törekvéseiről, a mecenatúra visszásságairól, a költők sanyarú helyzetéről rajzolt keserűen önironikus képet. A IV. ecloga nem pusztán Vergilius, Ovidius és más költők allúziók megidézte szövegeit fordítja visszájára, hanem az augustusi kor irodalmának olyan kulcsfogalmait is, mint a rusticitas, paupertas, simplicitas, vates, ezáltal pedig saját korát Augustus eszményített uralkodásának tükrében szembesíti fogyatékosságaival. A Nero aranykorát magasztaló dalverseny, melyet gyakran vizsgáltak a kerettörténetből kiemelve a gátlástalan adulatio dokumentumaként, csak ebben a szövegkörnyezetben nyeri el teljes értelmét.
Perkembangan Produksi Histamin Ikan Peda pada Penyimpanan dengan Cara Berbeda.
Authors: Indriati Ninoek , T Sukarto Suwarno , Syah Sinta Utiya
Published: May 2018

Penelitian tentang perkembangan histamin pada ikan peda selama penyimpanan telah dilakukan. Bahan baku peda yaitu ikan kembung (Rastrelliger neglectus) diperoleh dari TPI Pekalongan. Pada pengolahan peda, ikan dicuci bersih (tanpa disiangi), digarami dengan perbandingan 1:1 selama semalam, setelah itu dicud bersih dan dijemur selama 7‑8 jam, kemudian dikemas dalam kotak kayu yang dilapisi kertas semen. Setelah 3 minggu kotak dibuka, ikan dibagi menjadi 3 bagian dan disimpan dengan cara yang berbeda yaitu: dikeringkan lagi kemudian disimpan pada suhu kamar; tidak dikeringkan kemudian disimpan pada suhu kamar; tidak dikeringkan kemudian disimpan pada suhu dingin (5‑10 derajad Celcius). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kandungan histamin tertinggi terdapat pada ikan peda yang disimpan pada suhu kamar tanpa dikeringkan dan terendah pada ikan peda yang disimpan pada suhu dingin tanpa dikeringkan. Kandungan histamin ikan peda selama penyimpanan berkisar antara 3,1‑25,9 mg%.
Pengaruh Pemberian Natrium Alginat terhadap Penurunan Kadar Kolesterol Total Darah dan Bobot Badan Tikus.
Authors: Wikanta Thamrin , R. R. Nasution R. R. Nasution , Rahayu. Lestari.
Published: May 2018

Penelitian tentang pengaruh pemberian natrium alginat terhadap penurunan kadar kolesterol total darah dan bobot badan tikus telah dilakukan. Tikus putih galur Sprague dawley, jenis kelamin jantan, diberi makanan berkadar kolesterol tinggi dan minuman mengandung propil tiourasil 0,01% untuk menjadikan kondisi hiperkolesterolemia. Kondisi hiperkolesterolemia dicapai setelah pemberian makanan berkadar kolesterol tinggi selama 3 minggu (21 hari). Bahan uji natrium alginat diberikan secara oral selama 4 minggu dengan tiga tingkat viskositas: 150 cps (viskositas rendah), 300 cps (viskositas sedang), dan 450 cps (viskositas tinggi) dengan dosis sama besar 200 mg/ekor/hari untuk semua viskositas. Pemberian natrium alginat dengan semua tingkat viskositas selama 4 minggu mampu menurunkan kadar kolesterol total darah secara efektif, tetapi tidak dapat menurunkan bobot badan tikus kecuali menggunakan alginat dengan viskositas 450 cps.
Penelitian mengenai Keberadaan Biotoksin pada Biota dan Lingkungan Perairan Teluk Jakarta.
Authors: Mulyasari Mulyasari , Peranginangin. Rosmawaty. , Suryaningrum. Th. Dwi. , Sari. Abdul.
Published: May 2018

Penelitian dilakukan di perairan pantai Teluk Jakarta yaitu sekitar Muara Angke, Muara Dadap, Cilincing dan Tanjung Pasir. Untuk mengetahui kadar biotoksin seperti paralytic shellfish poison­ing (PSP) dan diarrhetic shellfish poisoning (DSP) pada biota laut, dilakukan bioassay dan analisis HPLC. Parameter pendukung yang diamati adalah kondisi fisik seperti suhu, salinitas, pH, kecepatan dan arah arus, kecerahan dan kedalaman laut, nilai DO dan BOD; kandungan zat hara (nitrat, nitrit, fosfat, ammonia dan sulfur),‑ dan plankton Oenis dan kelimpahan). Pengamatan dilakukan dua kali dalam setahun yaitu bulan Mei dan Oktober 2001, pada 9 titik yaitu 1, 2 dan 3 mil dari garis pantai dan pada masing‑masing titik diambil 1 mil ke kanan dan 1 mil ke kiri. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kenaikan jumlah plankton ternyata dipengaruhi oleh kondisi zat hara. Jenis fitoplankton yang dominan adalah Chaetocheros. Jenis plankton yang potensial sebagai penyebab harmful algal bloom (HAB) yang terdapat di perairan Teluk Jakarta adalah dari filum dinoflagellata seperti: Ceratium, Dynophysis, Ganyaulax, dan Gymnodium. Dari filum Bacillariophyceae adalah genus Nitzchia, Chaetocheros dan Thalassiosira, sedangkan dari filum Cyanophyceae adalah genus Trichodesmium. Kandungan paralytic shellfish poisoning (PSP) dari kerang berdasarkan uji bioassay, tidak menyebabkan kematian. Contoh kerang mengandung saxitoxin sekitar 2,1‑2,3 ug/1 00 g. Kandungan okadaic acid pada kerang dan ikan karang berkisar antara 0,05‑0,1 ug/100 g. Pada ikan karang, kandungan toksin lebih banyak terdapat pada isi perut dibandingkan pada daging ikan. Namun demikian, kandungan saxitoxin dan okadaic acid pada kerang dan ikan tersebut masih dibawah ambang yang diijinkan.
Kandungan Logam Berat pada Kerang Darah (Anadara Granosa), Air Laut dan Sedimen di Perairan Tanjung Balai dan Bagan Siapi Api.
Authors: Murtini Jovita Tri , Yennie Yusma , Peranginangin Rosmawaty
Published: May 2018

Penelitian ini dilakukan di perairan Tanjung Balai dan Bagan Siapi‑api. Di setiap lokasi diamati 6 stasiun pengamatan, 3 stasiun berjarak 1 mil dan 3 stasiun yang lain berjarak 2 mil dari garis pantai dan setiap stasiun pengarnatan masing‑masing berjarak 1 mil. Jenis contoh yang diamati adalah air laut, sedimen dan kerang darah (Anadara granosa). Contoh kerang dianalisis terhadap kandungan logarn berat yaitu Hg, As, Cd, Cu and Pb, contoh air dan sedimen hanya diamati kandungan merkurinya. Pengamatan kualitas air yang meliputi pH, DO, COD dan salinitas serta kondisi fisik perairan dilakukan sewaktu pengambilan contoh. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada waktu pengambilan contoh pada bulan April, Juni dan Agustus 2002 di perairan Tanjung Balai dan Bagan Siapi‑api belum terjadi pencemaran logarn berat merkuri pada air laut dan sedimen. Pada kerang darah, kandungan logarn merkuri, arsen, kadmium, tembaga dan timbal juga masih dalam batas aman untuk dikonsurnsi.
INVESTIGATION OF FABRICATION OF Co-Zr BASED RARE EARTH-FREE HARD MAGNETIC ALLOYS BY MELT-SPINNING METHOD
Authors: Duong Nguyen Van
Published: May 2018

Co-Zr based alloy has attracted much interest of potential to replace the rare earth-containing hard magnetic materials due to its high coercivity. In this study, we investigated the effects of subtituting elements of M (Ti, Si and Nb) and annealing temperature on the structure and magnetic properties of Co79-xZr18+x-yMyB3 alloy ribbons (x = 0 - 2, y = 0 - 4). The alloy ribbons with a thickness of 20 µm were prepared by melt-spinning method with a rolling speed of 40 ms-1. A part of the melt-spun ribbons was annealed at different temperatures from 550 to 800 oC for various durations from 2 to 15 minutes. Their structure and magnetic properties were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and a pulsed field magnetometer (PFM), respectively. The results of the XRD analysis showed that two soft magnetic phases, namely Co and Co23Zr6, coexist with a Co5Zr hard magnetic phase in the alloy ribbons. The fraction of these phases was changed with both the concentration of the subtituting elements and annealing process. Hard magnetic properties of the alloy ribbons can be strengthened significantly, namely a large coercivity Hc > 4 kOe and maximum energy product (BH)max > 3.5 MGOe were obtained with an appropriate concentration of Ti, Si or Nb and annealing process. Furthermore, the subtituting elements also affect the optimal annealing temperature for these alloys. The obtained strong hard magnetic parameters of these rare earth-free alloys are of great importance in pratical application.
A CLOSE CORRELATION BETWEEN DISORDERS-DEFECTS AND SUPERCONDUCTING TRANSITION TEMPERATURE OF Bi1.6Pb0.4Sr2Ca2-xNaxCu3O10+δ SUPERCONDUCTORS
Authors: Duc Tran Hoai
Published: May 2018

The enhancements of zero superconducting transition temperature (Tc,0) in Bi1.6Pb0.4Sr2Ca2-xNaxCu3O10+δ(BPSCCO) are reported. The BPSCCO samples (with x ranging from 0.00 to 0.06) were prepared by using the conventional solid state reaction technique. The properties of the samples were examined by using the X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and the resistance versus temperature (R-T) measurements. From the XRD resuts, all samples revealed the orthorhombic structure, and the volume fraction of the Bi-2223 phase was varied as increasing x, and reached the maximum value of  82.72 % for x = 0.05 sample. Improvements of connectivity between the Bi-2223 grains in the Na-substituted BPSCCO samples were obtained by using the surface SEM images and a quantitive analysis of a correlation between Tc,0 and residual resistance ratio (RRR). A similar variation of  Tc,0 of the samples as increasing x was observed. The highest Tc,0 enhancement of 107.5 K was obtained for x = 0.05 sample. Variations of the hole carrier concentrations in the CuO2 layers were investigated, which also showed the highest value achieved for x = 0.05 sample.
DYNAMIC EFFECTS OF DIPOLAR INTERACTIONS ON THE SPECIFIC LOSS POWER OF Mn0.7Zn0.3Fe2O4
Authors: Nam Pham Hong
Published: May 2018

In this work, isothermal magnetization and initial dc susceptibility of spheroidal, nearly monodisperse Mn0.7Zn0.3Fe2O4 nanoparticles (typical diameter: 20 nm) prepared by a hydrothermal route have been measured between 10 and 300 K. The high-temperature inverse magnetic susceptibility was always found to follow a linearly temperature dependence. The deviation from the standard superparamagnetic behavior is related to dipolar interaction among nanoparticles. The results are well explained using interacting superparamagnetic model, which is basically a mean ﬁeld theory. As a consequence, the dipolar interaction affected the specific loss power of Mn0.7Zn0.3Fe2O4
ANGULAR DEPENDENCE OF MAGNETIC PROPERTIES IN Co NANOWIRE ARRAYS
Authors: Thiem Luu Van
Published: May 2018

The Co nanowire arrays were fabricated by electrodeposition method by using the porous polycarbonate template. Study on crystallographic structure, micro structure, and the element composition confirmed the quality of the fabricated Co nanowires. SEM image shows the wires with an average diameter of 200 nm and the average length of 9 mm. The magnetic properties, measured at room temperature using vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM), displays that the nanowires have anisotropic property. The angular dependence of coercivity of Co nanowires has been studied. The decrease of the coercivity, when the angular changed from 0 o to 90 o, will be discussed.
INFLUENCE OF PARTICLE SIZE DISTRIBUTION ON SPECIFIC LOSS POWER OF MAGNETIC NANOPARTICLE
Authors: Nguyen Luu Huu
Published: May 2018

In this study, the influence of particle size distribution in the range of σ =0-0.4 on the specific loss power (SLP) in magnetic fluids based on nanoparticles (NPs) of 6 materials of FeCo, La0.3Sr0.7MnO3, MnFe2O4, g-Fe2O3, CoFe2O4 and FePt was evaluated using Linear Response Theory (LRT). Results show that while the particle diameters Dcp of maximum SLP remain unchanged, the SLPmax values decrease with increasing size distribution for all the studied materials. The reduction behaviors can be classified into 2 groups, namely group with strong and weak decrease rate for low-anisotropy (FeCo, La0.3Sr0.7MnO3, MnFe2O4, g-Fe2O3), and  high-anisotropy (CoFe2O4 and FePt) materials, respectively.
EFFECT OF Ca CONCENTRATION SUBSTITUTING FOR Ba ON STRUCTURE AND FERROELECTRIC PROPERTIES OF BZT-BCT MATERIAL
Authors: Khien Nguyen Van
Published: May 2018

In this paper, we report the effect of Ca substitution on the structure and ferroelectric properties of BaZr0.2Ti0.8O3-Ba1-xCaxTiO3 (BZT-BCT). The BZT-BCT samples were synthesized by solid state reaction method. The X-ray results indicate that a phase structure competition appears in the Ca-substituted samples. Based on the hysteresis loops measured by Sawyer – Towermethod, we calculated the Ec and Pr values with the extreme value reaching 29.6 %. The ferroelectric properties of BZT-BCT materialstrongly depend on Ca concentration. The results may be related to a pinning effect concerning with the phase-structured competition in the material.