bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Modern methods of controlled radical polymerization for obtaining branched polymers of acrylamide, acrylic acid and (met)acrylates
Authors:   ACRYPOL Ltd., Bayburdov Telman A. , Shmakov Sergei L. ,   Saratov State University, ACRYPOL Ltd.
Published: October 2022

A search and analysis has been carried out of English-language 2005–2020 scientific literature devoted to methods of obtaining branched (co)polymers of acrylamide, acrylic acid and (met)acrylates in order to obtain novel materials with valuable properties. It has been found that modern methods of controlled radical polymerization are mainly used for this purpose, namely, atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP), reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer polymerization (RAFT) and group transfer polymerization (GTP). In most cases, original synthesized compounds were the chain transfer agents in RAFT. Depending on the order of synthesis, a distinction is made between the “core–arms” and “arms–core” approaches. The prospects of using branched polymers of acrylamide, acrylic acid and (met)acrylates for bioconjugation, surface immobilization, tissue engineering, oil production enhancement, and flocculation are estimated.
Photocatalytic water purification from phenol and formaldehyde
Authors:   Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology of Russia, Ivantsova Natalya A. , Kuzin Evgeniy N. ,   Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology of Russia, Churina Alina A. ,   Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology of Russia
Published: October 2022

Industrial development leads to an increasing number of persistent and highly toxic organic compounds such as phenol and formaldehyde. Chemical oxidation processes (in particular, photooxidation) are widely used for water treatment and wastewater and groundwater treatment. As part of the work done, an assessment of the possibility of using photocatalysis for post-treatment of wastewater from phenol, formaldehyde, and their mixtures has been carried out. The processes of photooxidation of formaldehyde, phenol and their mixtures in an aqueous medium under the individual and combined effects of ultraviolet radiation and titanyl sulfate have been studied. The high efficiency (up to 90%) of photocatalytic post-treatment of wastewater containing phenol and formaldehyde has been determined. It has been established that ultraviolet water treatment under static conditions can significantly reduce the concentrations of phenol and formaldehyde to the values of the discharge standard into the city water canal. It has been proven that the introduction of titanyl sulfate microadditives (homogeneous photocatalytic process) makes it possible to intensify the oxidation process, while the addition of titanium(IV) compounds, due to its chemical inertness, will not have a toxic effect on the activated sludge biocenosis. Possible intermediate products of photooxidative degradation of phenol and formaldehyde are qualitatively determined. The kinetic dependences of the oxidation of phenol, formaldehyde and their mixtures are obtained, which allow further scaling up the process of photodegradation with the introduction of homogeneous catalysts for industrial facilities into the system. The proposed post-treatment method is included in the Best Available Techniques directory and will improve environmental and industrial safety.
Soil-ecological assessment of safflower growing conditions (Carthamus tinctorius L.) in the Central Black Earth region of Russia and Central Asia
Authors:   Voronezh State Agrarian University named after Emperor Peter the Great, Oleynikova Elena M. , Koltsova Оlga M. ,   Voronezh State Agrarian University named after Emperor Peter the Great, Mateyev Esmurat Z. ,   Voronezh State University of Engineering Technologies, Mateyeva Sylushash Z. ,   Taraz Regional University named after M. Kh. Dulaty, Mirsaidov Mukhammadjon M. ,   Voronezh State Agrarian University named after Emperor Peter the Great
Published: October 2022

The features of the development of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) in regions that are significantly remote geographically and differ sharply in environmental and climatic conditions – Central Asia (Republic of Tajikistan, Sughd region; Republic of Kazakhstan, Zhambyl region) and the Central Black Earth region of the Russian Federation (Voronezh region). A comparative analysis of the development of C. tinctorius individuals in different geographical conditions showed that the ontomorphogenesis of the species was not very variable and proceeded in the same way in all these regions. However, a significant difference was found in the timing of the onset of phenophases, which is due to different timing of crop sowing and climatic features of the regions. A soil-ecological assessment of the growing conditions of safflower was carried out, the physicochemical properties and agrochemical characteristics of soils in experimental plots in various geographical zones were identified. The absence of a toxic allelopathic effect of the crop on the soils of agrocenoses in central Russia was shown. The potential introduction of the crop into the conditions of the Central Chernobyl Region of the Russian Federation has been established, since when grown in the Voronezh region, the complete ontogenesis of the species is occurred and the formation of full-fledged achenes took place. It has been established that C. tinctorius has a wide adaptive mechanism, which is based on the characteristics of the biology and ecology of the species.
Ontogenetic and vitality structure of Globularia bisnagarica L. cenopopulations in the Middle and Lower Volga regions
Authors:   Saratov State University, Parkhomenko Alena S. , Kondratieva Anna O. ,   Saratov State University, Bogoslov Artem V. ,   Saratov State University, Shilova Irina V. ,   Saratov State University, Kashin Alexandr S. ,   Saratov State University
Published: October 2022

The article presents the results of studying the ontogenetic and vitality structure of 13 cenopopulations of Globularia bisnagarica from the Middle and Lower Volga region. The assessment of the ontogenetic structure was carried out by constructing and analyzing the ontogenetic spectra of each of the studied cenopopulations, as well as the basic ontogenetic spectrum, followed by determining the type of cenopopulations according to the “delta-omega” criterion. On the basis of morphometric parameters, the vitality indices of individuals and cenopopulations were determined, followed by the identification of vitality types and the calculation of the dimensional plasticity index. It has been established that the ontogenetic spectra of the majority of cenopopulations are complete, asymmetric, with peaks in several age groups. The basic ontogenetic spectrum is bimodal, asymmetrical, with a maximum on virginal and mature generative individuals. The majority of G. bisnagarica cenopopulations are young, being dominated by individuals of the pregenerative state. The Srg cenopopulation growing on the territory of the Samara region consisted mainly of individuals of the post-generative state. Four cenopopulations (Pch, Grm, Lhv, Bkm) turned out to be transitional, since they are dominated by generative individuals. According to the assessment of the vitality state, individuals of the middle class of vitality predominated in all the studied cenopopulations. At the same time, most of the studied cenopopulations are defined as prosperous. Likewise, only two cenopopulations: Grm and Lhv from the Ulyanovsk region were characterized as depressed. Thus, taking into account the features above, the general condition of the three cenopopulations: Srg, Grm and Lhv is assessed as unsatisfactory, which makes them the most vulnerable in the event of the impact of adverse environmental factors or an increase in anthropogenic pressure on their habitats.
BREEDING SORGHUM FOR GRAIN, FORAGE AND BIOENERGY IN BRAZIL
Authors: VON PINHO RENZO GARCIA , VIEIRA SILV ERIC VINICIUS , OLIVEIRA THIAGO LUCAS DE , SOUZA VANDER FILIPE DE , MENEZES CICERO BESERRA DE
Published: October 2022

Sorghum is a versatile crop used for energy production, human and animal feedings, and raw material for industry. The grain sorghum is the fifth most important cereal worldwide, and Brazil is one of the top 10 sorghum producers. In the last 40 years, the sorghum grain yield in Brazil has increased to 32.70 kg ha-1 year -1. Although this clear evolution, much remains to be done, and sorghum breeders in Brazil still face several challenges. This review discusses the main characteristics of sorghum genetics and breeding, aiming for sorghum improvement for food, fodder, feed, and fuel uses. Herein will be highlighted essential topics related to the genetic control of the main interest traits; conventional sorghum breeding; the development of sorghum lines and hybrids; the use of male-sterility in sorghum breeding; the implication of genotypes-by-environments interaction in sorghum, the use of genome-wide association studies, and genomic prediction to maximize the efficiency of the sorghum breeding programs.
Aspectos do Crescimento e Distribuição Populacional na Amazônia Brasileira (2000-2010)
Authors: Miranda Rocha Gilberto de , Coelho Amora Piera Brenda
Published: October 2022

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O Território em Recomposição da Ação Pública Local: uma abordagem franco-brasileira
Authors: Teisserenc Pierre , Da S. A. Teisserenc Maria José
Published: October 2022

Este artigo traz uma abordagem da ação pública em contextos de recomposição territorial respectivamente em situações francesa e brasileira. Inicialmente são apresentados processos mais abrangentes que explicam as transformações pelas quais passam os territórios de um lado e do outro do Atlântico, e que permitem compreender a importância de que se reveste a ação pública local orientada para o desenvolvimento sustentável desses territórios. Após, são identificados alguns dos grandes desafios a se fazer face em tais territórios para satisfatoriamente alcançar o êxito em ações muitas vezes inovadoras e que, portanto, dependem de experimentações. Esses desafios dizem respeito à definição do perímetro pertinente do território de ação, à mobilização dos atores e a gestão territorial dessas ações, ou ainda às aprendizagens coletivas do conjunto dos atores implicados na realização dessas ações.
Método e Operacionalidades na Relação Ambiental entre Bacias Hidrográficas e Áreas Susceptíveis à Desertificação na América Latina e Brasil
Authors: Nascimento Flávio
Published: October 2022

A desertificação é um problema comprometedor da segurança ambiental global, que se evidencia na superfície terrestre de maneira diferenciada, em grau e abrangência. As zonas tropicais compreendem as áreas mais problemáticas nesse sentido, no qual se insere o Brasil. Por isso, é um fenômeno ambiental complexo, que compromete a capacidade-suporte dos ecossistemas componentes de geoambientes. Tal problemática deve ser considerada em uma perspectiva múltipla e diversificada, destacando suaimportância para a convivência com o fenômeno da seca e a consequente melhoria da qualidade de vida da população (NASCIMENTO, 2013).
Áreas Protegidas, Instrumento de Proteção, Conservação e Gestão da Biodiversidade na Amazônia Brasileira: Experiência no Âmbito do Estado do Pará
Authors: Flores Maria do Socorro Almeida
Published: October 2022

O governo brasileiro dando cumprimento ao compromisso assumido em 1992, por ocasião da assinatura da Convenção da Diversidade Biológica, acordo internacional que dispõe sobre a proteção e o uso sustentável da biodiversidade, promulga o regulamento para o acesso ao patrimônio genético, sobre a proteção e o acesso ao conhecimento tradicional associado e sobre a repartição de benefícios para conservação e uso sustentável da biodiversidade, essa norma se propõe regular e fiscalizar a preservaçãoda diversidade e a integridade do patrimônio genético, ou seja, o uso da biodiversidade brasileira, em especial nos biomas declarados como Patrimônio Nacional desde 1988 pela Constituição Federal Brasileira.
Subsunção e Assimilação Local. da Apropriação do Trabalho à Subordinação dos Espaços Locais.
Authors: Da Silva Mota Giovane
Published: October 2022

Afirmamos desde já que a subsunção se põe para o capitalismo como forma de apropriação do valor do trabalho, quer em sua forma mais simples, quer em sua forma mais avançada e acabada. É, portanto, uma forma de relação do capitalismo, do capital para com o trabalho, que está na base do  intercâmbio do valor.A diferença mais imediata da subsunção formal para com a subsunção real está na natureza e nos mecanismos de apropriação do trabalho, seja na forma-produto, seja na forma-valor, em cada momento histórico distinto e, assim, nas formas socioprodutivas manifestas enquanto divisão do trabalho e circulação do valor.
EDUCAÇÃO AMBIENTAL COMO POSSIBILIDADE DE COMPREENSÃO CRÍTICA E SUPERAÇÃO DA CONDIÇÃO DE POBREZA E DESIGUALDADE SOCIAL
Authors: Dias Ferreira Pontes Lana Glayce , Loureiro Marilena
Published: October 2022

Este artigo objetiva compreender a relação entre a educação, a pobreza e a desigual- dade social no Município de Itaituba - Estado do Pará - Brasil. Examina-se o programa Bolsa Família, procurando compreender se esse programa possibilita, ou incentiva, a permanência dos alunos na escola, tendo como base os dados obtidos na pesquisa de campo realizada no município, coletados entre janeiro e fevereiro de 2017. Tendo em vista que a educação ambiental busca ultrapassar os limites dos muros da educação formal, transcendendo os limites do campo científico e estabelecendo um diálogo com os vários segmentos da sociedade. Cunha (2001) a rompe com as perspectivas lineares, fragmentárias, coisificadoras e unidimensionais, calcadas em estruturas totalitárias, pro- pondo a possibilidade de realizar uma educação que estabeleça relações claras com a condição social dos alunos, com o real compromisso e responsabilidade na construção de possibilidades de mudanças na condição social de cada aluno, a partir da realização de uma educação crítica e emancipadora, conforme Freire (2016). Segundo Leff (2001) a apropriação subjetiva da realidade imprime novos sentidos civilizatórios ao mundo. Para Amartya Sen (2010) a relação entre baixa renda e baixa capacidade (econômica, política, social, garantias de transparência, segurança) é variável entre comunidades e até mesmo entre famílias e indivíduos. Ele afirma que o impacto da renda sobre as capacidades do indivíduo são contingentes e condicionais, ou seja, que são incertas e que dependem das circunstâncias nas quais o indivíduo esta envolto, dentre elas, por exemplo, a idade, o sexo, localização, condições epidemiológicas e por outras variações sobre as quais uma pessoa pode não ter controle, ou ter controle limitado. Daí a im- portância da ação pública, através da educação e políticas públicas destinadas a reduzir a desigualdade e a pobreza e procurar atender estas variáveis.
VULNERABILIDADE DO CONHECIMENTO TRADICIONAL VERSUS INTERESSES DE MERCADO: PERCEPÇÕES REGISTRADAS EM COMUNIDADES NO MUNICÍPIO DE ABAETETUBA - PARÁ
Authors: Santos Eduardo da Silva , Moraes Sérgio Cardoso de , Santos Leonardo Silveira , Barbosa Wagner L. Ramos
Published: October 2022

O estudo em questão aborda a relação comercial existente entre uma comunidade tradicional ribeirinha e o mercado financeiro, representado por empresas ligadas a biotecnologia, procurando de uma certa forma, apresentar o modo desproporcional do lucro, ou seja, a total inexistência da equidade nesta equação. Em consequência, essa relação desequilibrada entre os atores, acarreta uma baixíssima condição às comunidades tradicionais na inserção de forma competitiva no mercado e, assim, atingirem uma melhor condição financeira e qualidade de vida. PALAVRAS-CHAVE:Conhecimentotradicional, Mercado, Vulnerabilidade.
Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Coxibs and their Compositions with Caffeine on the Level of Conjugated Dienes in the Formalin-Induced Edema Model
Authors: SYROVA Ganna , PETİUNİNA Valentina , SAVELİEVA Olena , TİSHAKOVA Tetyana , LUKİANOVA Larysa
Published: October 2022

The development of novel pharmaceutical compositions, which are effective in the treatment of different inflammatory diseases and have a minimum number of side effects is very relevant. The aim of the present study was biochemical confirmation of anti-inflammatory activity of new pharmaceutical compositions comprising coxibs and caffeine. The level of conjugated dienes as primary products of lipid peroxidation has been evaluated in the plasma of rats at the acute inflammation caused by formalin. The white male rats of WAG line were used. The content of conjugated dienes was determined by spectrophotometric method. It was shown that combinations of caffeine and coxibs showed statistical significant decrease in the content of conjugated dienes in the rats’ blood plasma. Caffeine enriched anti-inflammatory action of coxibs effectively.
The Influence of Learning Participation in Online Education on Learning Satisfaction in Beauty Major College Students
Authors:   The Korean Society of Beauty and Art, Kang Yoon-Jin , Jeon Hyun-Jin
Published: October 2022

Due to the government’s COVID-19 spacing restrictions, colleges have recently offered online classes by uploading recorded lectures on YouTube or their portal or through videoconferencing platforms such as ZOOM. This study attempted to investigate the influence of participation in online courses on learning satisfaction among college students majoring in cosmetology. For this, students from the department of cosmetology at 4-year colleges in Gwangju Metropolitan City were collected through convenience sampling. A pilot study was performed from March 22 to 30, 2021 while the primary survey was conducted from April 12 to 30, 2021, against 30 students. Among a total of 330 questionnaires distributed, 320 copies were collected. Excluding poorly answered ones, 305 copies were used for final analysis. The results found the followings: First, in terms of the influence of participation in online courses on learning satisfaction, learning participation was divided into four categories (opinion expression during class, class engagement, continuous participation and confidence), while learning satisfaction was classified into a single category. Second, learning participation in online courses revealed a statistically significant effect on learning satisfaction(p<.05, p<.001).
A Study on the Effectiveness according to the Application of Kralle Gel for the Correction of Ingrowing Nail
Authors:   The Korean Society of Beauty and Art, Bae Min-Gyu , Youn Chun-Sung
Published: October 2022

As a study on the effectiveness according to the application of kralle gel for the correction of ingrowing nail. this study suggests the measures for utilizing the kralle gel for the correction of ingrowing nail as follows, focusing on the results of comparatively analyzing the effectiveness for 28 days according to the application of kralle gel(the number of application). 1. When the nail is cared without the application of kralle gel recover, the ingrowing nail disease could be caused or worsen, which requires attention. 2. If the kralle gel recover is applied once and kept for 28 days, the ingrowing nail disease could be prevented. 3. If the kralle gel recover is applied twice and kept for 28 days, it could not only prevent the ingrowing nail, but also improve the ingrowing nail of people with ingrowing nail disease. 4. If the kralle gel recover is applied three times and kept for 28 days, the ingrowing nail of people with ingrowing nail disease could be improved and corrected. 5. If the kralle gel recover is applied four times and kept for 28 days, the ingrowing nail of people with ingrowing nail disease could be corrected. 6. If the kralle gel recover is applied five times and kept for 14 days, the ingrowing nail of people with ingrowing nail disease could be quickly corrected. Hopefully, the data of this study could be much helpful for the prevention of ingrowing nail and people with ingrowing nail disease.
Franchise hair salon XEO Hair, environmental factors, symbol narrative, brand image, Relationship between revisit of recommendation intention
Authors:   The Korean Society of Beauty and Art, Kim Seong-Chang , Park Eun-Jun
Published: October 2022

This study investigated the effects of environmental factors, symbolic narrative, brand image, revisit and recommendation intention of hair salon Zeo Hair. To this end, a self-administered questionnaire was distributed to Zeo Hair customers in Seoul and Gyeonggi Province. For data collection, a total of 350 questionnaires were distributed and collected. As a result of the final analysis of 298 copies excluding 22 defective cases, the higher the reliability of the beauty salon, the higher the customer satisfaction. The study results are as follows. First, as a result of examining the demographic characteristics, women in their twenties had the most. Marriage was the most unmarried, education was the most, and the average monthly income was between 1 million won and less than 3 million won. Second, it was found that there was no problem in the reliability verification of environmental factors, symbolic narrative, brand image, revisit and recommendation intention, and environmental factors were derived from two sub-factors of emotional preference and visual preference, As a result of examining the effect of symbol narrative on brand image, it was found that external image, a sub-factor of brand image, significantly affects emotional preference and visual preference factors. As the convenience, aesthetics, and appropriateness increased, the external image and revisit recommendation intention also increased. Based on the above results, it is expected that hair salons will be able to improve the environment, increase customer satisfaction, and increase the revisit rate, thereby promoting the growth of the hair salon market.
The Mediating Effects of Self-esteem in the Influence of Social Support on Psychological Wellbeing in Modern People
Authors:   The Korean Society of Beauty and Art, Jeong In-Sim
Published: October 2022

This study attempted to investigate the mediating effects of self-esteem in the influence of social support on psychological wellbeing against modern people to use the results as basic data which are needed for them to accomplish psychological wellbeing, escaping from psychological pain such as anxiety, fear and avoidance. For this, an online questionnaire survey was performed against adult men and women in their 20-60s from all over the country from February 26 to April 1, 2022. A total of 215 copies were used for final analysis. The collected data were analyzed, using SPSS 23.0, and the results found the followings: As social support increased, self-esteem and psychological wellbeing were higher. In the influence of social support on psychological wellbeing, the mediating effects of self-esteem revealed partial and full mediating effects with statistical significance. In other words, modern people need social support from their family, friends and neighbors to realize that they are important and valuable persons. Furthermore, it is required to help them accept who they are, build positive interpersonal relationships, plan their future and reset the goal of life.
A study on consumer’s perception of beauty salon dyeing services
Authors:   The Korean Society of Beauty and Art, Lee Young-Hee
Published: October 2022

This study attempted to investigate people’s perception of hair coloring and its services. For this, a questionnaire survey was performed against a total of 303 consumers in Busan and Gyeongsangnam-do. The collected data were analyzed by frequency analysis, cross-tabulation analysis, χ² test and factor analysis, using SPSS 23.0. In addition, independent samples t-test and one-way ANOVA were conducted, using AMOS 23.0, and the results found the followings: There were differences in perception of hair coloring services by gender and age. In terms of perception of hair coloring services, ‘service satisfaction’ and ‘perception of the service’ were derived. Concerning perception of hair coloring services by demographic characteristics, differences were observed by gender and age. In terms of perception of hair coloring services by gender, ‘women’ were higher than ‘men’. Specifically, ‘20s or younger’ was higher than ‘40s and 50s or older’. It is anticipated that the study results would be helpful in developing segmented marketing strategies through customer analysis by gender and age and make a contribution to the improvement of hair coloring services and increase in sales.
The Influence of Appearance Confidence on Employment Preparation Behavior in College Students Majoring in Cosmetology
Authors:   The Korean Society of Beauty and Art, Choi Hyeong-Jeon , Jeon Hyun-Jin
Published: October 2022

This study attempted to investigate the influence of appearance confidence on employment preparation behavior against college men and women majoring in cosmetology. For this, a pilot survey was performed against 30 college students from the cosmetology department at a 4-year college in Gwangju Metropolitan City and Jeollanam-do from March 22 to 30. Then, a main survey was conducted from April 12 to 30, 2021. Among a total of 260 questionnaires distributed, 250 copies were collected. Excluding 16 poorly answered ones, 234 copies were used for final analysis. The collected data were analyzed by frequency analysis, factor analysis, reliability analysis and linear regression analysis, using SPSS 21.0., and the results found the followings: First, according to analysis of appearance confidence and employment preparation behavior factors, appearance confidence was divided into 4 categories (confidence in appearance & cosmetology, appearance satisfaction, good interpersonal relationship, creative impression) while employment preparation behavior was classified into 5 factors (tool preparation, information collection, goal achievement, academic/employment preparation, preliminary employment). Second, appearance confidence had a positive influence on employment preparation behavior with statistical significance.
A Study on the Effects of Manipulation on Cervical Range of Motion and Respiratory Volume of Forward Head Posture
Authors:   The Korean Society of Beauty and Art, Han Jeong-Hun , Jung Han-Suk , Han Jeong-Hun , Han Seung-Hae
Published: October 2022

This study attempted to investigate changes in the cervical range of motion and respiratory volume when manipulation treatment was given to those suffering from forward head syndrome (FHS). For posture measurements, a total of 42 subjects were divided into two groups: cervical group, thoracic group. In the cervical group, both cervical range of motion and peak expiratory flow (PEF) increased with statistical significance. In contrast, the thoracic group revealed significant changes in the forced expiratory volume in 1 sec (FEV1) and PEF, confirming the influence of manipulation treatment on the range of motion and respiratory volume. It is anticipated that there would be further studies on combination manipulation treatments.
Constructs Concerning Hair Service Enjoyment Factors
Authors:   The Korean Society of Beauty and Art, Lee Young-A , Lee Jae-Sook
Published: October 2022

This study attempted to verify construct validity through in-depth analysis on hair service experts’ enjoyment factors. For this, an open-ended questionnaire survey and an interview were performed with 225 people in Seoul and Jeju in 2021. Due to COVID-19, for those who preferred untact communication, data were collected through online channels (Google forms, email). The integrity and validity of the collected data were secured, In hair service experts’ enjoyment factors, inductive analysis with an experts meeting group were conducted according to similarity and communality. The results were categorized into three parts: raw materials, specific zone and general zone. Then, the results found the followings: Hair service experts’ enjoyment factors were divided into 5 general categories (i) pursuit of hairstyles, ii) social recognition, iii) perception of competence, iv) commitment, v) interpersonal relationship), 11 specific sectors and 746 different raw materials. It is anticipated that based on the study results, measuring instruments on hair service enjoyment factors would accelerate academic inflow, and extensive research outcomes with diverse socio-psychological variables would be realized.
A Response to Changes in the Consumer Market After the COVID-19 Pandemic by Analyzing Research Trends on Men's Cosmetics: Focusing on academic papers from 2000 to 2022
Authors:   The Korean Society of Beauty and Art, Jeong Mun-Kyeong , Kwon Ki-Han
Published: October 2022

This study analyzes the research trends related to male cosmetics conducted from 2000 to 2022. The purpose is to suggest countermeasures in the men's cosmetics market in the future based on changes in the consumer market brought by the COVID-19 pandemic. Among a total of 230 papers on men's cosmetics from 2000 to 2022, 39 papers, excluding 191 papers that are not provided online, papers that are not related to the subject of this study, and papers extracted in duplicate, were collected. While analyzing the paper, women's risk perception and changes in the cosmetics consumption culture are frequently discussed, studies on men's risk perception and cosmetics consumption patterns are insufficient. As a result of the analysis, the cosmetics market is changing from offline to online, and the proportion of online distribution channels is expected to increase rapidly due to COVID-19, so it is required to revitalize the cosmetics industry through online channel diversification. In addition, it is required to develop functional cosmetics and provide information so that men can manage their appearance more easily by providing information on men's skin types and identifying the motives and purposes of men's appearance management behavior.
Rural households’ perception of climate change in the central and north Gondar zones, northwest Ethiopia
Authors:   University of Gondar, Awoke W , Agitew G
Published: October 2022

In the Central and North Gondar Zone, climate change is causing a challenge for smallholder farmers to improve their living standards. Rural communities face different climate change variables which negatively affect their livelihoods. Hence, this paper investigates rural households’ perception of climate change, its determinants and their indigenous mitigation strategies in response to the perceived impacts of climate change. Both qualitative and quantitative data were collected through interviews, focus group discussions, key informant interviews and a review of different documents. To carry out the study, a multistage sampling procedure was employed. From each zone, study districts were selected purposively based on their economic activity and agroecological representativeness of the zone. A systematic sampling technique was employed to select 130 rural households. Primary data collected were analyzed by simple descriptive statistics and a logit regression model. The study results revealed that rural households did not similarly perceive climate change due to socioeconomic factors. Socioeconomic factors that significantly (at p≤0.05) determined rural households' perceptions of climate change were age, sex, educational status and access to extension services (at p≤0.01). The finding indicates that smallholder farmers used different indigenous mitigation strategies such as reforestation, minimizing deforestation, planting trees on their farmland and protection and tillage management practices for resolving climate change. According to the study, female-headed households participated less in agricultural training and had less access to information and restricted mobility outside the community to share information that help them to perceive climate change. Hence, equity issues should be considered for female-headed households and concerned bodies such as environmental protection experts and agricultural extension service providers should emphasize the upgrade of the farmer's capacity to mitigate climate change through indigenous knowledge for enhancing their living standard. In addition, development agents’ facilitation of indigenous knowledge sharing among farmers should be emphasized to mitigate climate change. Key words: Climate change, mitigation strategies, perception, respondents, rural
Determinants of smallholder farmers’ willingness -to -pay for soyabean production inputs in northern Ghana
Authors:   University of Ghana, Adjei-Nsiah S , Gyan K ,   Ghana Cocoa Board, Ahiakpa JK ,   4Research Desk Consulting Limited, Ampadu-Boakye T , Sedebo DA ,   Policy Studies Institute
Published: October 2022

Farmers in northern Ghana have been cultivating soyabean with very little or no agro-inputs due to cost and limited accessibility. Use of quality agro-inputs can significantly improve the productivity of soyabean. This study assesses farmers’ current use of soyabean production agro-inputs, identifies challenges faced by smallholder farmers in soyabean cultivation and assesses factors influencing farmers’ willingness-to-pay (WTP) for soyabean inputs (determinants) in northern Ghana. Four hundred (400) smallholder soyabean farmers were sampled using a multi-stage sampling method. In stage one, the study area was stratified into three regions, northern, upper east and upper west regions. Stage two encompassed purposive sampling of eight (8) districts across the three northern regions famed for soyabean production. Data was collected using a semi-structured questionnaire, key informant interviews and focus group discussions were conducted.. Descriptive statistics were performed and a contingency valuation method (CVM) was used to assess key determinants that influence farmers’ WTP for soyabean inputs. The results show that 74 % of the respondents were willing to pay for the soyabean inputs. However, 43, 47.3, 39.5 and 49.5 % of respondents were willing to pay at the bid price of 1.06/kg, 3.98/litre, 31.91/50kg bag and USD 5.32/100g sachet for certified seeds, herbicide (glyphosate), TSP fertiliser and inoculants, respectively. Age, household size, access to credit, participation and gains made from on-farm demonstrations significantly influenced farmers’ willingness to purchase certified soyabean seeds. Factors that significantly influenced farmers’ willingness to purchase glyphosate included household size, purpose and experience in soyabean production. In the case of triple superphosphaste fertiliser (TSP), access to extension services, participation and gains from farm demonstrations and distance to the nearest agro-input shop were identified as key determinants. Farmers’ willingness to purchase inoculants markedly correlated with age, credit, participation in on-field demonstrations, membership of farmer-based organisation and experience in soyabean production. The results of this study form a basis for making a business case for agro-input companies to invest in the distribution and sale of the newly introduced soyabean production inputs in northern Ghana. Development and promotion of early maturing and drought tolerant soyabean varieties by the National Agricultural Research Institutes are required to enable farmers to cope with the changing climatic conditions which pose a threat to soyabean production in northern Ghana. Key words: Grain legumes, savanna, purchasing power, agricultural inputs, farmers
Effect of 12 weeks consumption of palm weevil larvae and orange-fleshed sweet potato fortified biscuit on nutritional status and cognitive performance of school children in Kumasi, Ghana
Authors:   Kumasi Technical University, Mantey AA , Lutterodt HE ,   Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Twumasi P , Annan RA
Published: October 2022

Micronutrients are important for improving the physical growth and cognition of school-aged children. Food fortification strategies using locally available and consumed micronutrient rich foods such as edible insects can be cost effective and sustainable in improving nutritional and cognitive outcomes in school children. The study evaluated the impact of biscuits fortified with palm weevil larvae and orange-fleshed sweet potato on cognitive performance and nutritional status of school children from low income families in an urban setting in Ghana. A 12-week randomized, blinded controlled trial was conducted. 102 school children aged 6-11 years were assigned to consume either the fortified biscuits or non-fortified biscuits. Raven’s cognition test, anthropometrics, hematological and biochemical parameters were assessed at baseline and at the end of the study. After 12 weeks of intervention, there were no statistically significant differences in the means of the nutritional outcomes and cognitive performance between the treatment and control groups (p>0.05). However, significant increase in mean levels of serum ferritin (Baseline: 26.15 ± 18.42 µg/L, Endline: 42.63 ± 19.54 µg/L, mean increase: +16.48 µg/L, p=0.001), weight-for-age (Baseline: -0.37 ± 0.97, Endline: -0.11 ± 0.91, mean increase: +0.26, p<0.0001), and Raven’s cognition test score (Baseline: 14.22 ± 4.93, Endline: 16.35 ± 4.40, mean increase: +2.13, p<0.0001) were observed within the treatment group compared to the control group where significant increase was observed in only the Ravens cognition test score (Baseline: 14.79 ± 4.57, Endline: 15.95 ± 5.32, mean increase: +1.16, p<0.029). Moreover, the mean increase in cognition score was higher in intervention (+2.13) than control (+1.16) children. Results from binary logistic regression showed that although statistically insignificant, children in the treatment group had lower odds of iron deficiency (AOR= 0.7, p = 0.545, 95%CI= 0.2-2.4). In conclusion, consumption of the fortified biscuit significantly improved serum ferritin and weight-for-age in the school-aged children within the treatment group. Improvement in cognitive test score was also higher in the treatment group than the control group. Key words: Fortified biscuit, cognition, micronutrients, school children, palm weevil larvae, insects
Canning quality of popular common bean germplasm in Eastern and Central Africa
Authors:   Alliance of Bioversity and International Centre for Tropical Agriculture, Mukankusi CM , Amongi W , Kabwama A , Buendia HF , Raatz B , Kasule F ,   National Agricultural Research Organization, Kayaga HN ,   Makerere University, Mughi IM , Cichy K ,   USDA-ARS, Balasubramanian P ,   Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada
Published: October 2022

Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) genotypes popular in eastern and central Africa were evaluated to determine their suitability for the canning industry. The genotypes were planted at the National Agricultural Research Laboratories (NARL), Kawanda-Uganda in the second rainy seasons (July-September) of 2015, 2016 and off season of 2017 (November- February). Two samples per genotype were evaluated at the canning facilities at Kawanda and Michigan State University (MSU) using a protocol based on home canning. One sample per genotype from the 2017 harvest was evaluated at Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lethbridge Research and Development Centre (AAFC-LRDC) using the industry canning protocol. Data (n=134) was collected on seed moisture content, dry and soaked bean weight, hydration coefficient (HC) and visual quality, including colour retention, appearance, brine clarity, bean splitting and freedom starch/clumps on replicated samples. Additional data on unreplicated samples were collected on 100-seed weight, seed solids for canning, hydration coefficient after soaking (HCS), hydration coefficient after blanching (HCB), drain weight (%), matting, appearance, seed color, texture, and cooking quality traits including hard seed and partially hydrated seed (%) and HC after cooking. Analysis of variance of data from MSU and Kawanda showed significant (P≤0.01) differences among genotypes for the assessed parameters. Majority of the genotypes expressed good soaking ability considering that their HC were above the 1.8 recommended for canning and 28% combined the two mentioned traits with good overall canning quality visual rating. Apart from 26, all other varieties had good HC based on data from Canada. About 24% of genotypes belonging to various market classes consistently combined this trait with good visual quality. The most outstanding genotypes based on these traits included SAB659 (red mottled), MAC44 (red mottled), NABE21 (cream), NABE12C (cream) and VAX5 (cream), KK8 (red mottled), Bihogo (yellow) and VAX4 (black). These genotypes were superior to the white beans: MEXICO 142, Awash1, and Awash Melka, that were considered as high-quality controls. Results indicated that genotypes of diverse backgrounds, with good canning quality traits exist among the currently utilised varieties and breeding lines. This diversity could be exploited for breeding and varietal promotion in the canning industry. Key words: Common bean, canning, hydration coefficient, visual quality, drained weight
Socio-economic consequences of imported frozen tilapia in the Kenyan aquaculture value chain: Strategies for optimizing local unexploited potential
Authors:   Maseno University, Ogello OE , Outa ON , Ouma OK , Kyule ND ,   Kenya Marine and Fisheries Research Institute, Munguti MJ , Obiero OK
Published: October 2022

Capture fisheries production sector, which is the main source of consumed fish in Kenya has been declining over the years, causing huge deficit in fish supply in local market. Even though aquaculture has been fronted as a step-gap measure, there are still eminent fish supply gaps, prompting importation of frozen tilapia, mainly from China. However, the imported fish has attracted numerous socio-economic debates between proponents and opponents of fish imports, almost in equal measure. This study investigated the socio-economic consequences of the imported tilapia in the local fish market and value chain linkages in Kisumu County. Primary data were collected using direct interviews with pre-set questionnaires fed into Open Data Kit (ODK) platform, and observations from 60 randomly selected fishermen and 60 fish farmers, 100 fish traders and 96 households. Key Informant Interviews (KII) and Focused Group Discussions (FGDs) were also conducted. About 57% of the respondents processed and traded on the imported frozen tilapia, 27% of them traded on fish from capture fisheries, while 16 % traded on fish from the local aquaculture sector. Imported tilapia was the cheapest at Ksh. 200/kg compared to the locally produced tilapia at Ksh. 320/kg. At least 62 % of the households in Kisumu consumed imported tilapia regularly due to lower prices and availability. About 46 % of the respondents have gained direct employment and experienced improved socio-economic status due to the imported fish, of which 71 % are youth and women. However, about 40% of the respondents reported multiple job losses and degraded socio-economic status due to poor market for the locally produced tilapia, whether from the capture or culture sector. The study concluded that the importation of frozen tilapia can potentially reduce socio-economic returns from the local fisheries and aquaculture value chains. A rational approach is to optimize local fish production to saturate the local market and potentially out-price the imported frozen tilapia. Appropriate government policies tackling the importation of fish into the country can also help reduce the negative impacts of these imported fish on the local fish market systems. Key words: Fish consumption per capita, Fish value chain, imported tilapia, Market saturation
Sodium in processed meats produced by local butcheries in Tshwane, South Africa
Authors:   Tshwane University of Technology, Mkhwebane EJ , Bekker JL , Mokgalaka-Fleischmann NS
Published: October 2022

The common use of sodium in different compositions, is as a preservative, for colouring, curing, flavouring and as a binding agent in processed meats, it is also used for improved shelf life and distinct palatability. Even with modern food processing methods, sodium is still essential in manufacturing of meat derivatives. Continuous consumption of high sodium diets is associated with adverse chronic health effects, such as cardiovascular diseases, hypertension, stroke, cancers, among others, which have been on the rise. As a result, there has been a global drive by organisations such as the World Health Organization (WHO) to advise member states to reduce dietary sodium levels in various foods, including processed meats. Consequently, South Africa promulgated the first sodium reduction regulations in Africa by 2013, intended to reduce sodium in certain foodstuffs, including processed meat products. The objectives of this study were to determine (1) the level of sodium in processed meats produced by local butcheries in the City of Tshwane (CoT), Gauteng, South Africa and (2) to compare the amount of sodium in processed meats, determined using the two South African legislated methods, namely Flame Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (FAAS) and Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry (ICP-AES). A cross-sectional approach with qualitative and experimental dimensions approach was followed. Processed meat production records obtained from randomly selected butcheries in CoT (122) revealed that the top six commonly produced processed meats were boerewors (90.2 %), braaiwors (87.7 %), biltong (86.9 %), drywors (62.3 %), viennas (45.9 %) and burger patties (43.5 %). Subsequently, sampling (n=396) of the top six products from 66 randomly selected butcheries was done. The findings of the study revealed that processed meats analysed using ICP-AES and FAAS contained mean sodium levels of 1449 mg/100 g and 649 mg/100 g, respectively (p<0.0001), which were higher than the South African legal sodium limits. The concentration of sodium of products determined using ICP-AES (64.7 - 9201 mg/100 g) was significantly (p<0.0001) higher than in the same products analysed using FAAS (35.4 - 2351 mg/100 g). From the findings of this study, sodium reduction requires a concerted effort in enforcing the South African mandatory sodium limits in local butcheries in processed meats. The results of legislated sodium test methods must be comparable to ensure equal level of compliance. Key words: meat products, sodium reduction, processed food, processed meat, sodium limits