bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
P‐22: Scan Driver Circuit with Multiple Outputs employing Low‐temperature Polysilicon and Oxide TFTs for Mobile Displays
Authors: Jeong Ye-Rim , Jung Eun Kyo , Kim Eunho , Im Hwarim , Kim Yong-Sang
Published: August 2023

In this paper, we propose a scan driver circuit with two outputs employing low‐temperature polycrystalline silicon and oxide (LTPO) thin‐film transistors (TFTs). The proposed scan driver circuit can generate two types of scan signals that can drive p‐ type and n‐type switching TFTs. In addition, by using the Q[n] node bootstrapping method, the output is stably generated even in the depletion mode of the amorphous indium‐gallium‐zinc‐ oxide (a‐IGZO) TFTs. As it is a scan driver circuit that can be applied to LTPO TFT‐based pixel circuits, variable refresh rate operation is possible. Therefore, the proposed scan driver circuit can be applied to displays requiring high resolution, narrow bezel, and low power consumption.
P‐23: Micro Light‐Emitting Diode Pixel Circuit Based on IGZO TFTs using a Stepwise Control Signal
Authors: Im Hwarim , Jung Eun Kyo , Kim Yong-Sang
Published: August 2023

We proposed an IGZO TFT‐based micro light‐emitting diode (μLED) pixel circuit using a stepwise control signal. The proposed pixel circuit expressed the gray levels by modulating the emission time with the constant driving current to suppress a wavelength shift of μLEDs. The proposed pixel circuit successfully expressed 8‐bit grayscale using a quaternary digital driving. The simulated μLED current waveforms showed a delay time of approximately 2 μs. Furthermore, the proposed circuit exhibited a luminance error rate below 5% under a threshold voltage variation of ±1 V.
P‐25: An AMOLED Pixel Circuit Compensating for Variation of Sub‐threshold Swing and Threshold Voltage Based on Double Gate a‐IGZO TFTs †
Authors: Kim Hyunwoo , Kim Yongchan , Lee Hojin
Published: August 2023

In this paper, an AMOLED pixel circuit based on amorphous indium‐gallium‐zinc‐oxide (a‐IGZO) thin‐film transistors (TFTs) compensating for variations in sub‐threshold swing (SS) and threshold voltage (VTH) of driving TFT is proposed. The proposed pixel circuit is composed of five TFTs and one capacitor. From the simulation results, when the SS and VTH shifts of the driving up to ±10% and ±1 V, the maximum OLED current error can be suppressed to 3.6% and 7.2%, respectively.
P‐77: Island‐Bridge Stretchable Green Organic Light‐Emitting Diodes with Empty Space Pixels
Authors: Kim Hagseon , Hwang Yong Ha , Chang Jaehyeock , Choi Kyung Cheol
Published: August 2023

An island‐bridge structure, which is a stretchable display implementation method that has attracted a lot of attention, has a trade‐off between stretchability and resolution. The proposed stretchable OLED avoids this trade‐off and can satisfy both stretchability and display resolution at the same time.
P‐143: Development of High‐Strength Flexible Panel Capable of Realizing High Resolution
Authors: Kim Youn Joon , Oh Min Jeong , Choi Jong Hyeon , Cho Sang Hwan , Jo Sung Chan
Published: August 2023

A high‐strength flexible panel capable of high resolution has been studied. The high‐strength and high resolution characteristics have a trade‐off relationship. In this paper, a novel organic trench structure was proposed to satisfy both characteristics at the same time. The novel organic trench structure can prevent the resolution decrease of 26% compared to conventional organic trench structure. In addition, it was confirmed the maximum strain of the fragile inorganic layer was reduced by 7.2% by applying the novel organic trench structure through the simulation. Based on these results, panel with the novel organic trench structure was fabricated and evaluated for the first time. Therefore, we obtained the pen‐drop characteristic increased by more than 2 ㎝ comparing the value of normal panels which are not applied organic trench structure.
P‐99: Development of Deep Learning Models for FMM Welding Point Qualification
Authors: Sukbin Jung
Published: August 2023

Fine Metal Mask (FMM) is the core technology of the evaporation process (EV) in manufacturing AMOLED panels [1]. The FMM made by the welding process. As the AMOLED's resolution becomes higher, the FMM becomes thinner, and the inspection system for securing the welding reliability becomes an issue in the FMM manufacturing process. Currently, inspection is conducted manually on random samples thus it is impossible to inspect all welds. In this study, the red‐dot labeled image training model was developed to automatically classify and determine weld defects, thereby enhancing the detection consistency of welds. This paper applies weld‐defect‐qualification‐function based on deep learning for FMM mass production process. The ‘Red‐dot labeled image training method' draws a red point in the center of the weld and separates the red‐channels. The separated channels are used as labeled images for learning. The problem is that if the model learns the welds directly, a detection error that catches the wrong area occurs, and the welding area is not correctly cropped. Additionally, the image processing and OpenCV's contour are errors occur by the image's contrast or facility light condition. On the other hand, the weld area can be correctly cropped by the red‐dot training model, even only with 1 pixel. The effect of this technology is to solve the problem of defect leakage and deviation of workers resulting from the existing manual sampling inspection, and to make a consistent qualification and automatic full inspection based on the deep learning model. Through this paper, the problem of full‐automation‐inspection, which was not possible in the past, is solved and the foundation of the inspection technology applicable to mass production is established.
P‐101: Convolutional Neural Network to Optimize Dual‐Panel Display
Authors: Feng Qibin , Zhang Xin , Ren Hongtao , Wang Zi , Lv Guoqiang
Published: August 2023

Liquid crystal displays (LCDs) have the disadvantage of light leakage, resulting in low contrast ratio (CR). Dual‐layer LCDs can greatly improve CR by bonding two layers of LC panels. However, there is a certain distance between the two LC panels, and the ghost may appear when viewing off‐axis. At present, the solutions for this problem cannot achieve a good balance on processing time and display quality. In this paper, convolutional neural network (CNN) is used to optimize dual‐layer display as well as control processing time. The residual blocks are included in the network to improve the quality of the output image. The two output images that correspond to two layers of LC panels are reconstructed from different viewing angles to make comparisons with other methods in terms of processing time and display quality. The simulation results show that compared with other methods, the proposed CNN method can greatly reduce the processing time while maintaining high display quality, which presents high practicability.
P‐104: Graph‐Based AI Workflow for OLED Materials Discovery
Authors: Xu Wei , Shen Jiajun , Chen Han , He Ruifeng , Song Xinlong , Xia Zeming , Ma Lan , Song Jingyao
Published: August 2023

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is becoming an emerging technique in scientific research including novel materials discovery. In this work, we present a novel graph‐based AI workflow for discovering Organic Light‐Emitting Diode (OLED) materials. This workflow contains two graph‐based AI models: a molecular structure generative model and a molecular property predictive model. The target materials here are Red‐Prime (RP) materials, which are widely used to pair with the red light emitters in OLED devices. Based on the desired properties required by our OLED devices, we apply the AI‐based workflow to perform high‐ throughput screening for RP materials. Several novel and potential RP molecules are discovered preliminarily.
P‐105: Understanding Recombination Dynamics from Electroluminescence of Organic Light‐Emitting Diodes Using Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Kim Jae-Min , Lee Kyung Hyung , Lee Jun Yeob
Published: August 2023

Distinguishing exciton and polaron dynamics in the electroluminescence (EL) of organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs) is difficult since the delayed EL originated from a combination of the excitonic process and slow recombination process. In this work, the recombination dynamics was extracted from the transient EL only via prediction of the recombination coefficient using artificial intelligence (AI). AI model with a high prediction accuracy (R 2 ) of 0.947 successfully analyzed the polaron dynamics of exciplex‐forming co‐host‐based OLEDs.
P‐135: The AI based auto masking technique for detection of small stage vacuum hole †
Authors: Lim Sang-Hoon , Nam Jiyoung , Kim Dong So , Park Kyongtae , Yoo Kyung-Jin
Published: August 2023

In order to improve productivity in the display lamination process, it was necessary to find the vacuum holes on the stage and perform masking treatment. Although the vacuum holes were detected by employing a conventional image processing technique, there was a problem that it was impossible to detect all of them. Therefore, we required the AI object detection technology that can solve the problem. However, the hole has a size of 11 × 11 px and corresponds to the tiny size which is the most difficult for small object detection. For the development of AI auto masking technology, YOLOv5 was selected as the AI object detector because it was light, fast and had good performance, and SAHI technology, which had excellent performance in detecting small objects and excellent compatibility with the various detectors, was selected. The hyper‐parameters tuning and various optimization approaches were performed on AI techniques and the AI auto masking technology was developed. As a result, the time to detect vacuum hole was reduced to 20% compared to the conventional image processing technique. In the SAHI technique, the direct proportion between the slice width/height size and bounding box size of the detected object was found, and the application of the image based accurate object size was also discussed.
P‐167: Autoencoder with Variables Added Model for Manufacturing Process Anomaly Detection Using Multivariate Time‐series Data that Minimizes Data Information Loss
Authors: Kyeong Yunyoung , Kim Doyoon , Kim Eunzi , Park Sujin , Jin Younggil , Kim Jaewon , Woo Simon
Published: August 2023

In the display industry, the technology of the FAB process is continuously being advanced. As process quality management technology improves, data can be stored, analyzed, and monitored in real time using various types of sensors. The manufacturing process is so complex that it is difficult to detect anomalies simply by analyzing data from on e or two sensors. For t his reason, multivariate data analysis is essential, and time‐series data analysis is particularly effective for detecting process state changes. In this study, we propose a multimodal AVA that can detect process anomalies using multivariate time‐series sensor data. In order to minimize t he information loss of the original data, multivariate time‐series data are processed into tabular and image forms and applied to the proposed model. We demonstrate that the proposed model performs better in anomaly detection compared to a general anomaly detection model in highly imbalanced datasets. The proposed method is expected to reduce cost and time due to defects by detecting abnormal situations in the process in real time and responding quickly when abnormal situations occur.
P‐50: Virtual Reality System Based on Field Sequence Display
Authors: Zhu Jianwen , Sun Binhua , Zi Feng , Chen Lili , Zhang Hao
Published: August 2023

Virtual Reality display system demands for extremely high definition, PPI and brightness, which may cause huge power consumption and affect system performance negatively based on traditional LCD. Relatively, RGB field sequence display provides an implementable method for LCD modules to achieve a better light transmittance by removing the color film and a higher aperture ratio by setting the RGB LED as backlight, which can lead to higher PPI, light efficiency and lower power consumption. To this end, we proposed a VR system based on field sequences display, in which the System Driving Unit, Display Module Unit, and Media Processing Unit were designed and implemented completely. As a result, an exquisite virtual reality world can be presented to its user smoothly, with the appropriate driving strategy and effective RGB field sequence display module.
P‐51: A Novel Backlight Unit for LCD Used in Virtual Reality
Authors: Wang QiuLi , Zhang Hao , Chen Lili , Tian WenHong , Wang Zhiqiang , Dong Ruijun
Published: August 2023

With the expansion of the markets about near‐eye display devices and other similar consumer devices, the highly optical efficiency and display performance of these devices have also received more and more attention and challenge. So in this paper, a novel backlight unit for liquid crystal display (LCD) is reported. The angle of the radiation can change with the position of the active area (AA) in two directions. The change range of the chief radiation angle can vary more than ±20°. In the meanwhile, with the same power consumption, the brightness of the backlight can achieve or exceed the existing brightness level of the backlight.
P‐58: Development of 2D‐3D Switchable Autostereoscopic OLED Display with High Resolution and Low Crosstalk
Authors: Sun Yanliu , Gao Jian , Liang Pengxia , Fang Zheng , Liu Yujie , Yan Yutong
Published: August 2023

We present an 11.8‐inch 2D/3D switchable OLED display with high resolution, large viewable space, low crosstalk & moire, and smooth motion parallax. It allows people to move freely to watch the HD 3D effects without causing significant discomfort. It is based on WOLED+CF panel, using pixel island design and virtual mosaic continuous light surface technology. By detecting the human eye position and matching the corresponding sub‐pixel control algorithm, the overall display power consumption can be effectively reduced by ~60%.
P‐59: A Pupil Distance based Monocular Camera Eye Tracking Algorithm for Naked Eye 3D Display
Authors: Tang Xiaojun , Ma Xitong , Zu Chunshan , Li Xin , Liu Yuyu
Published: August 2023

Naked eye 3D display makes it possible for viewers to watch stereoscopic scenes without wearing any auxiliary equipment. Eye tracking is an essential technology for viewers to see high quality stereo scenes at different positions. This paper proposed a pupil distance‐based monocular camera eye tracking algorithm, which detected pupils from face and estimated head pose to acquire the distances between eyes and the display. The method further adopted the camera projection to predict the 3D pupil positions. Experimental results demonstrated that the proposed algorithm had high accuracy and was effective on naked eye 3D display devices.
P‐151: Late‐News Poster: 1.5‐inch, 3207‐ppi Foveated Display with OLED/OS/Si Structure Capable of 32‐Division Control of Resolution and Frame Rate
Authors: Tamatsukuri Yuki , Miyata Shoki , Komura Yusuke , Okamoto Yuki , Inoue Hiroki , Saito Toshihiko , Kozuma Munehiro , Kobayashi Hidetomo , Onuki Tatsuya , Yanagisawa Yuichi , Takeuchi Toshihiko , Okazaki Yutaka , Kunitake Hitoshi , Nagata Takaaki , Ikeda Makoto , Yen Shih-Ci , Chang Chuan-Hua , Hsieh Wen-Hsiang , Yoshida Hiroshi , Chen Min-Cheng , Liao Ming-Han , Chang Shou-Zen , Yamazaki Shunpei
Published: August 2023

An OLED display with CAAC‐OS FETs monolithically stacked over SiFETs, capable of 32‐division control of resolution and frame rate, was fabricated. This enables display that conforms with foveal characteristics, thereby reducing the power consumed during operation. The display can be driven at 120 Hz, with reduced data transmission.
P‐82: Optimizing Angular Response and Color Estimation for LCD In‐Cell Ambient Light Sensor
Authors: Sun Pei-Li , Chen Yi-Yung , Yueh Chun-Ting , Li Yue-Syuan , Chang Yao-Chung , Lai Chih-Chang , Lin Ching-Chun
Published: August 2023

In‐cell ambient color sensors are best suited for phones with full‐screen LCDs. However, it faces its technical challenges, how to accurately estimate illuminance and color temperature based on non‐colorimetric RGBW signals. To this end, an optimized angular response optical design is proposed, and the color accuracy is improved by light source identification and weighted polynomial regression.
P‐140: High Bandwidth Glass‐Based Capacitive Micromachined Ultrasound Transducers (G‐CMUTs) for Medical Imaging Application
Authors: Chiu Pin-Hsiang , Chen Zheng-Han , Chang Lyndon , Lin Tung-Tsun , Huang Tai-Hsiang
Published: August 2023

In this work, we have developed the glass‐based capacitive micromachined ultrasound transducers (G‐CMUTs). The sacrificial layer etching process flow employed for the manufacturing of the G‐CMUTs is reported. Specific G‐CMUTs has significant promise acoustic property with ~130 % bandwidth at ~8.2 MHz. Real time in‐vivo ultrasound imaging capability demonstrates the actual usability of G‐CMUTs technology for medical imaging.
P‐42: A Polynomial Regression‐Based Method for Color Characterization of Mobile AMOLED Display
Authors: Tsai Yung-Cheng , Pai Feng-Ting , Lin Ching-Chun
Published: August 2023

This paper presents a color characterization model based on a simple classification followed by a polynomial regression. By applying a three‐step optimization flow to cluster center, polynomial terms and training data, the performance is significantly improved. The proposed model has been tested among 9 latest mobile OLED panels, and the average error of all testing panels are less than 0.44 in CIEDE2000 with only 125 training data.
P‐44: Real‐Content Based Method for HDR Tone Curve Characterization
Authors: Bernardi Paul , Cabana Thibault , Guichard Frédéric
Published: August 2023

The classic window pattern with a black background is the basis of any display characterization, but nowadays, displays, particularly smartphone displays, integrate complex image processing and adaptations, meaning that they cannot be entirely characterized with these simple patterns. In this paper we discuss a new EOTF (Electro‐Optical Transfer Function) measurement method performed directly on real‐life scene HDR videos and show how this method relates to the display system user‐experience.
P‐45: An Evaluation Method of Moving Picture Response Time for Organic Light‐Emitting Diode Motion Blur
Authors: Kang Ruidan , Li Jiajin , Teng Xiaojun , Lv Boyan , Wu Cangzhi
Published: August 2023

The motion image quality of organic light‐emitting diode (OLED) degrades by motion blur due to the hold‐type display. Moving picture response time (MPRT) is a representative index to evaluate the performance of the moving image. A method is proposed to evaluate the motion blur of OLED display.
P‐48: The Selection of Contrast Ratio based on Human Eye's Perception in Actual Use Case
Authors: Li Bowen , Wang Feifei , Ma Xinli , Zhan Hongming , Chen Xi
Published: August 2023

Contrast ratio (CR) is an important evaluation parameter for display devices, which can side evaluate the display performance of the display. Through experiments, the ability of human eyes to recognize low grayscale in the actual display scene is studied. Experiments have found that when the background brightness is fixed, the human eye cannot recognize all the low gray scales (CR 2000) of the Panel. In addition, by considering the contrast sensitivity function of the human eye and using psychophysical experiments, we put forward suggestions for the selection of displays in different use scenes.
P‐49: Picture Quality Evaluation Method on LCD with Local Dimming Technology †
Authors: Li Chaoping , He Jhenwei , Xie Junli , Guo Xiaoying
Published: August 2023

In this paper, a novel objective evaluation method is proposed to quantify the picture quality. In particular, the effect of “halo” and ‍“backlight delay” is taken into consideration in the design of the evaluation pipeline. The objective evaluation method is used to test ‍the picture quality, and the results are compared with the subjective ones, demonstrating the effectiveness of our proposed evaluation ‍method.
P‐158: Late‐News Poster: Dynamic Crosstalk Evaluation Method for Eye‐tracking based Autostereoscopic Display using a Virtual Image
Authors: Mitani Satoshi , Kato Noriyuki , Nakahata Yuji
Published: August 2023

We propose a highly accurate dynamic crosstalk evaluation method for an eye‐tracking based autostereoscopic display. The method using a general‐purpose luminance meter and a virtual facial image for eye‐tracking enables the accurate crosstalk measurement while minimizing artifact caused by misalignment between the presented eye's position and detected eye's position.
P‐169: Late‐News Poster: How Display Size and Response time Affect flicker perception: Compare to flicker indices
Authors: Hwang Hyungsuk , Kim Hyosun , Kim Youra , Kim Minkyung , Lee Eunjung , Yeom Dongyeol , Kwon Jaejoong
Published: August 2023

In this paper, the effect of visual angle and response time of display on flicker perception was studied. The influence of size effect and response time was observed using 30 Hz simulation image and two type of displays with fast and slow response time. Participants percived that the flicker became stronger as the size of the stimulus increased, but it was observed that there was no effect by response time of the display. However, the flicker indices such as JEITA, flicker visibility that are used as international standards, do not reflect these perceptual characteristics. Flicker indices need to be supplemented.
P‐17: All Weather‐Robust Image Quality Enhancement based on Image Feature Fusion and Multiscale Degradation Profile
Authors: Ryu Seungchul , Yoo Hyunjin , Akhavan Tara
Published: August 2023

Severe weather conditions often induce degraded camera output images in automotive applications, which decreases the visibility of drivers. In order to address this problem, this paper proposes a multi‐scale degradation profile‐based image enhancement framework. The proposed framework is composed of a feature fusion module, a multi‐scale degradation profile module, and an image enhancement module. The qualitative evaluation, ablation study, and quantitative evaluation proved the advantages and practicability of the proposed framework.
P‐64: Investigation of Fabrication Technologies of GaN‐based Micro‐LED Devices
Authors: Miao Xiangyu , Huang Wenjun , Liu Zhaojun
Published: August 2023

Micro‐light‐emitting diode (Micro‐LED) is a new type of display device based on the third‐generation semiconductor gallium nitride (GaN) material. Micro‐LED has been applied to micro‐display technology due to its huge development potential. However, the EQE of Micro‐LEDs decreases with the decrease of the sidewall defects, and the passivation process can reduce the sidewall damage and improve the EQE. In this study, the fabrication technology of Micro‐LEDs was summarized and InGaN/GaN multi‐quantum wells (MQWs) Micro‐LEDs from 10 × 10 μm to 200 × 200 μm were fabricated. The improvement effect of different passivation materials on the electrical characteristics of Micro‐LEDs was explored. The results showed that passivation materials could effectively reduce the leakage of the device, reduce the sidewall damage and reduce the ideal factor, among which Si 3N 4 had the most obvious effect.
P‐65: Strategic Realization of the Highest Possible Pixel Density for Quantum Dot Color Converter with Optimized Performance
Authors: Chen Chih-Jung , Chen Kuan-An , Kuo Wei-Hung , Wu Chun-I , Shen Jia-Wun , Kuo Hao-Chung , Chiang Ray-Kuang
Published: August 2023

The light extraction efficiency of QDCC (quantum dot color converter) is low when its aspect ratio (width to thickness ratio) of a subpixel is less than two, which causes the problem in their high‐resolution applications. Using QDPR (quantum dot photoresist) of high OD (optical density) values and PenTile subpixel arrangement, an apparent high‐resolution application is feasible, in which the QDCC film thickness is less than 2 μm. Further incorporation of yellow color filter film or color purified layer (CPL) on the QDCC film can optimize its optical performance. Theoretically, QDCC with pixel density over 3000 ppi is achievable when it is directly applied to the CMOS substrate. In a trial test QDCC is applied on a glass substrate, which results in pixel density of 2116 ppi and color gamut of NTSC 109.64%.
P‐66: Simulation and Optimization of In‐Situ Integration Ultraviolet HEMT‐LED Enabled by P‐GaN Selective Epitaxy Growth
Authors: Zhang Jingyang , Huang Wei , Liu Zhaojun
Published: August 2023

Based on previous work, the ultraviolet HEMT‐LED we fabricated by selective epitaxy growth, this paper further performed simulation to explore the most appropriate p‐GaN selection size. P‐GaN grown by Selective Epitaxy Growth (SEG) can not only be employed as a junction termination to reduce the electric field crowding of the gate of HEMT, but also form an active region by contacting with 2‐dimentional electron gas (2DEG). The simulation results provide an effective reference for the design of p‐GaN grown by SEG, and further pave the way for the realization of the idea of integration through the selection of growth methods.
P‐68: High Luminance Blue Micro‐LEDs in 4×4 and 8×8 Array
Authors: Yang Hang , Huang Wen-Jun , Lin Yong-hong , Zhang-Hu Meng-yuan , Liu Zhaojun
Published: August 2023

High luminance blue Micro‐LEDs were designed and fabricated in 4×4 and 8×8 arrays, with a size of 18 × 36μm. Our results showed that the performance of the LED arrays is comparable to that of a single LED, with smoother data. Testing a certain number of LED arrays under the same current density can better reflect the performance of a single LED device. Additionally, for small current range tests, the lack of precision in the testing equipment can be compensated for by appropriately increasing the number of LEDs.
P‐73: Breakthrough for Production Test Cost Reduction on MicroLED Device with High Parallel Single Insertion Testing of Electric‐Luminescence and Electrical Tests
Authors: Hasegawa Kotaro , Miyauchi Koji , Kaga Hiroshi
Published: August 2023

To launch up Micro‐LED display, the biggest challenge is cost reduction, With the urgent needs to reduce test costs, most critical issues is parallelizing electroluminescence (EL) test. In this paper, we propose super cost‐effective test methods (PEMP TM) embedding EL and electrical test and report its effectiveness and application results.
P‐163: Late‐News Poster: Demonstration of Color Tunable µLED Passive Matrix
Authors: Hartensveld Matthew
Published: August 2023

Building on previous work with V‐groove color‐tunable µLEDs, applications in displays are explored. Initial 10 x 10 arrays of 20 µm² µLEDs were fabricated using a monolithic approach. Color tunability and color mixing were demonstrated, where a single µLED can act as a complete pixel. This work forms the basis for further expansion of V‐groove technology into µLED displays to achieve a single material solution.
P‐7: Enhanced Visible Light Response of Amorphous InZnO Thin‐Film Transistors by Hydrogen Doping via Al2O3/SiO2 Gate Dielectric
Authors: Huang Jinyang , Chen Zhiying , Wan Yunhao , Xu Xindi , Zhao Yuwei , Jiang Zhendong , Tien Ching-Ho , Chen Lung-Chien , Zhang Meng
Published: August 2023

Enhancement of visible light response in InZnO (IZO) thin‐film transistors (TFTs) by hydrogen doping via Al2O3/SiO2 dielectric layer is investigated. The IZO TFTs with Al2O3/SiO2 dielectric show better visible light detection performance due to the introduction of subgap states by hydrogen doping. The photocurrent, photoresponsivity, detectivity, and external quantum efficiency of the device to blue light are respectively improved from 4.94 × 10−7 A to 1.97 × 10−6 A, 4.93 A/W to 19.71 A/W, 2.70 × 1012 Jone to 5.77×1012 Jone, and 13.60 to 54.32 after hydrogen doping. The persistent photoconductivity effect is also eliminated by applying a positive gate pulse voltage.
P‐9: LTPO TFTs Based PWM Pixel Circuit for AM‐Micro‐LED Display with Falling‐time <10μs
Authors: Liu Yunfei , Que Shan , Liao Congwei , Fu Jia , Song Zhibang , Lu Lei , Zhang Shengdong
Published: August 2023

A pulse‐width‐modulation (PWM) pixel circuit for Micro‐LED display based on low‐temperature poly‐silicon and oxide (LTPO) thin‐film transistor (TFT) is proposed. The PWM falling‐time is reduced to 10 μs, which is only 1/10 of conventional PWM pixel schematics, thanks to the high gain dynamic CMOS inverter for converting data voltage to PWM waveforms and an independent diode‐connected compensation structure for generating constant driving current. The maximum error of PWM conversion and driving current of Micro‐LED is less than 1%, despite VTH shift of oxide TFT ±2 V or VTH variation of LTPS TFT ±1 V. Furthermore, high display resolution above 270 PPI is obtained as the pixel layout reduced to 94 μm×94 μm due to the simplified pixel structure.
P‐12: Transient Drain Current Characteristics of Poly‐Silicon TFTs on Plastic Substrates
Authors: Li Dong , Qu Caiyu , Wang Jing , Liu Zheng , Chen Shantao , Zhang Huijuan , Shi Shiming
Published: August 2023

The mechanism and improvement of transient drain current characteristics of p‐channel low‐temperature polycrystalline silicon driving‐thin film transistor (LTPS DTFT) were studied in this work. The drain current variation with time can be simulated by attenuation of logarithmic index which might be originated from hole trapping and de‐trapping process. Simulation was used to directly correlate the transient Ids characteristics to the density of border trap. We optimized the buffer and gate insulator layer deposition condition, in addition, we applied a fixed bias in TFT bottom gate, the transient Ids decreased from 27% to 15%.
P‐13: Picture Quality of In‐Plane Switching Liquid Crystal Displays with Deep Black
Authors: Kwon Hyeok-Jun , Lim Kyongho , Park Hyun-Jin , Kim Won-Taeck , Park Tae-Yong , Jun WoongGi , Yoon SooYoung
Published: August 2023

In‐Plane Switching (IPS) liquid crystal display (LCD) is one of leading technologies in display industrials because of its superior picture quality. This paper provides picture quality of high contrast IPS LCD in terms of color contrast, dynamic range, color expression and PQ‐EOTF accuracy in HDR compared to conventional IPS LCD. Furthermore, to evaluate its performance as a gaming display, reaction time between two IPS LCDs have different contrast ratio was tested. Experimental results indicate that observer's reaction time for high contrast IPS LCD was faster than conventional IPS LCD because of superior color contrast and color gamut at low luminance level.
P‐14: Image Quality Study of Super Retina Resolution AMOLED Display Device
Authors: Wu Jianpeng , Zhang Tiaomei , Wang Miao , Zhao Pan , Yu Ziyang , Wang Yangpeng , Jiang Zhiliang , Hu Ming , Qiu Haijun
Published: August 2023

A 6.42‐inch super retina resolution LTPS AMOLED panel have been presented by using one pixel contains three sub‐pixels arrangement structure. The evaluation of image quality shows that super retina is better than QHD SPR (Sub‐pixel rendering) OLED module, under high refresh rate mode, super retina display uniformity is much better than QHD SPR. What's more, super retina has 20% IC power consumption reduction compared with QHD SPR and over 1 hour increase of mobile phone operation time.
P‐168: Threshold Estimation Experiment of color difference between on‐axis and off‐axis using various complex images
Authors: Ha Hyeyoung , Lee Young-Keun , Choi Junga , Lee Eunjung , Kwon Jaejoong
Published: August 2023

The color appearance of the complex images and that of the color patches are able to be different, especially for the color difference threshold. The color difference prediction method was proposed to predict the color difference of the complex images depending on the viewing angles. In addition, to find the color difference threshold of the complex images, a psychophysical experiment was proposed with 26 people. According to the experiment result, the color difference threshold of the complex images differs depending on the content, and it is higher that of the color patches.
P‐60: Dual Ferroelectric Liquid Crystal Polarization Converter for Fast (100 kHz) and Bi‐stable Beam Steering Based on Pancharatnam‐Berry Devices
Authors: SUN Zhibo , TAM Alwin , YUAN Zhengnan , DONG Shoucheng , HUO Yipeng , CHEN Rongsheng , YEUNG Fion S. Y. , KWOK Hoi-Sing
Published: August 2023

We disclose a fast polarization converter (100 kHz at 10 V) with high diffraction efficiency (97%). The flickering is less than 5%. No diffraction and residual light loss are induced after passing through the Liquid Crystal (LC) cell. The contrast ratio (CR) is 1000:1. Innovatively, no polarizer is required in the system, it is a promising candidate for high‐efficiency beam‐steering applications, such as Virtual Reality (VR)/Augmented Reality (AR), Light Ranging and Detection (LiDAR).
P‐61: Distinguished Poster: Research on Parameter Extraction of Thin‐Film Transistors Based on Swarm Intelligence
Authors: Liu Peng , Liu Bailing , Feng Jing , Wang Zhichong , Chang Chuanchuan , Zhang Qian , Zhang Han , Liu Dong , Guo Xu , Zhang Xin , Liu Xingyao , Yuan Guangcai
Published: August 2023

Automatic parameter extraction of RPI Model for Polysilicon Thin‐Film Transistors is achieved by genetic algorithm(GA) and Particle swarm optimization(PSO) algorithm, and the solution of two algorithms are compared. Furthermore, mutual learning particle swarm optimization (MLPSO) algorithm is proposed, which simplifies the complex manual processes and the empirical calibration, and achieves accurate parameters extraction.
P‐138: Broadband light shutter using electrophoresis of carbon black particles
Authors: Jeon Hyun Soo , Han Yeon Jin , Kang Minji , Ju Minu , Jung Jun Ho , Lim Young Jin , Kim MinSu , Lee Seung Hee
Published: August 2023

In this work, we demonstrate a UV‐NIR broadband carbon black shutter that exhibits energy saving by NIR reflection, high contrast ratio in a visible wavelength, and no discoloration and blocking UV. The black and transparent state in a carbon black dispersed cell is realized by controlling position of particles with electrophoretic force. We believe that this approach can pave a way for developing new electrophoretic broadband shutters for privacy, energy efficient automobiles and buildings or a UV sensitive environment.
On Improving Sheet Metal Formability in Hydrodynamic Deep Drawing Process through a Solid‐Oil‐Type Mineral Grease Pressure Medium
Authors: Modanloo Vahid , Akhoundi Behnam , Lee Taeyong , Quagliato Luca
Published: August 2023

In this research, the improvement in sheet metal formability obtained through the utilization of a mineral grease in solid‐oil‐type (SMG) pressure medium in the hydrodynamic deep drawing process assisted by radial pressure is investigated by experiments and finite‐element method (FEM) simulations on flat‐bottom cups realized with pure copper and DIN 1.0338 steel. To determine the process parameters ranges, an FEM model is developed in ABAQUS/Explicit and validated against experimental results. Afterward, experiments are carried out using two pressure mediums with different viscosities, i.e., water and SMG. Considering the results relevant for both sheet materials, the SMG medium allows an average reduction of the sheet metal thinning of 15% and 10% on the corner edges while also granting a negligible thickness variation on the cup walls. In contrast, the higher viscosity of the SMG, in comparison to the water medium, also results in an average 16% increase in the forming force when compared to the water pressure medium.
Assessing concept mapping competence using item expansion‐based diagnostic classification analysis
Authors: Xia Shulan , Zhan Peida , Chan Kennedy Kam Ho , Wang Lijun
Published: August 2023

Concept mapping is widely used as a tool for assessing students' understanding of science. To fully realize the diagnostic potential of concept mapping, a scoring method that not only provides an objective and accurate assessment of students' drawn concept maps but also provides a detailed understanding of students' proficiency and deficiencies in knowledge is necessary. However, few of the existing scoring methods focus on the latent constructs (e.g., knowledge, skills, and cognitive processes) that guide the creation of concept maps. Instead, they focus on the completeness of the concept map by assigning a composite score, which makes it difficult to generate targeted diagnostic feedback information for advancing students' learning. To apply the diagnostic classification model to the quantitative analysis of concept maps, this study introduced the novel application of the item expansion‐based diagnostic classification analysis (IE‐DCA) for this purpose. The IE‐DCA can not only assess students' concept mapping abilities along a continuum but also classify students according to their concept mapping attributes when constructing the concept maps. The application and benefits of this approach were illustrated using a physics concept‐mapping item related to particle and rigid body. Results showed that the estimated attribute profiles via the IE‐DCA provided more detailed information about students' latent constructs than the composite score. Overall, this study illustrates the feasibility and potential of applying IE‐DCA to analyze concept maps. Future applications of IE‐DCS in other assessments in science education are discussed.
Fate of the topological susceptibility in two-color dense QCD
Authors: Kawaguchi Mamiya , Suenaga Daiki
Published: August 2023

Abstract

We explore the topological susceptibility at finite quark chemical potential and zero temperature in two-color QCD (QC2D) with two flavors. Through the Ward-Takahashi identities of QC2D, we find that the topological susceptibility in the vacuum solely depends on three observables: the pion decay constant, the pion mass, and the η mass in the low-energy regime of QC2D. Based on the identities, we numerically evaluate the topological susceptibility at finite quark chemical potential using the linear sigma model with the approximate Pauli-Gursey SU(4) symmetry. Our findings indicate that, in the absence of U(1)A anomaly effects represented by the Kobayashi-Maskawa-’t Hooft-type determinant interaction, the topological susceptibility vanishes in both the hadronic and baryon superfluid phases. On the other hand, when the U(1)A anomaly effects are present, the constant and nonzero topological susceptibility is induced in the hadronic phase, reflecting the mass difference between the pion and η meson. Meanwhile, in the superfluid phase it begins to decrease smoothly. The asymptotic behavior of the decrement is fitted by the continuous reduction of the chiral condensate in dense QC2D, which is similar to the behavior observed in hot three-color QCD matter. In addition, effects from the finite diquark source on the topological susceptibility are discussed. We expect that the present study provides a clue to shed light on the role of the U(1)A anomaly in cold and dense QCD matter.
40 bilinear relations of q-Painlevé VI from $$ \mathcal{N} $$ = 4 super Chern-Simons theory
Authors: Moriyama Sanefumi , Nosaka Tomoki
Published: August 2023

Abstract

We investigate partition functions of the circular-quiver supersymmetric Chern-Simons theory which corresponds to the q-deformed Painlevé VI equation. From the partition functions with the lowest rank vanishing, where the circular quiver reduces to a linear one, we find 40 bilinear relations. The bilinear relations extend naturally to higher ranks if we regard these partition functions as those in the lowest order of the grand canonical partition functions in the fugacity. Furthermore, we show that these bilinear relations are a powerful tool to determine some unknown partition functions. We also elaborate the relation with some previous works on q-Painlevé equations.
One-loop matching of CP-odd four-quark operators to the gradient-flow scheme
Authors: Bühler Jona , Stoffer Peter
Published: August 2023

Abstract

The translation of experimental limits on the neutron electric dipole moment into constraints on heavy CP-violating physics beyond the Standard Model requires knowledge about non-perturbative matrix elements of effective operators, which ideally should be computed in lattice QCD. However, this necessitates a matching calculation as an interface to the effective field theory framework, which is based on dimensional regularization and renormalization by minimal subtraction. We calculate the one-loop matching between the gradient-flow and minimal-subtraction schemes for the CP-violating four-quark operators contributing to the neutron electric dipole moment. The gradient flow is a modern regularization-independent scheme amenable to lattice computations that promises, e.g., better control over power divergences than traditional momentum-subtraction schemes. Our results extend previous work on dimension-five operators and provide a necessary ingredient for future lattice-QCD computations of the contribution of four-quark operators to the neutron electric dipole moment.
ABCD of qq-characters
Authors: Nawata Satoshi , Zhang Kilar , Zhu Rui-Dong
Published: August 2023

Abstract

The qq-characters are powerful tools to reveal symmetries and integrabilities of Seiberg-Witten theories. The goal of this paper is to provide analytic expressions of qq-characters based on Young diagrams in 5d 𝒩 = 1 pure Yang-Mills theories with BCD-type gauge groups, by focusing on the unrefined limit. Using these expressions, we investigate the relationships among qq-characters of classical gauge groups. For SO(n) gauge groups, we construct a quantum-toroidal-like algebra via the Ward-identity approach, which allows us to derive the qq-characters.
QBD Processes Associated with Jacobi–Koornwinder Bivariate Polynomials and Urn Models
Authors: Fernández Lidia , de la Iglesia Manuel D.
Published: August 2023

We study a family of quasi-birth-and-death (QBD) processes associated with the so-called first family of Jacobi–Koornwinder bivariate polynomials. These polynomials are orthogonal on a bounded region typically known as the swallow tail. We will explicitly compute the coefficients of the three-term recurrence relations generated by these QBD polynomials and study the conditions under we can produce families of discrete-time QBD processes. Finally, we show an urn model associated with one special case of these QBD processes.
Some Positivities in Stirling Arrays with Higher Level
Authors: Ahmia Moussa , Ramírez José L.
Published: August 2023

In this paper, we prove that the sequences of the Stirling numbers of the first and second kind with higher level are both Pólya frequency and log-concave. Then, we show that some polynomials related to the above Stirling numbers with higher level are q-log-convex or strongly q-log-convex. Furthermore, we establish that the linear transformation related to the Stirling numbers of the first kind with level 2 preserves the log-convexity.
ISG20L2: an RNA nuclease regulating T cell activation
Authors: Rodríguez-Galán Ana , Dosil Sara G. , Hrčková Anna , Fernández-Messina Lola , Feketová Zuzana , Pokorná Julie , Fernández-Delgado Irene , Camafeita Emilio , Gómez Manuel José , Ramírez-Huesca Marta , Gutiérrez-Vázquez Cristina , Sánchez-Cabo Fátima , Vázquez Jesús , Vaňáčová Štěpánka , Sánchez-Madrid Francisco
Published: August 2023

ISG20L2, a 3′ to 5′ exoribonuclease previously associated with ribosome biogenesis, is identified here in activated T cells as an enzyme with a preferential affinity for uridylated miRNA substrates. This enzyme is upregulated in T lymphocytes upon TCR and IFN type I stimulation and appears to be involved in regulating T cell function. ISG20L2 silencing leads to an increased basal expression of CD69 and induces greater IL2 secretion. However, ISG20L2 absence impairs CD25 upregulation, CD3 synaptic accumulation and MTOC translocation towards the antigen-presenting cell during immune synapsis. Remarkably, ISG20L2 controls the expression of immunoregulatory molecules, such as AHR, NKG2D, CTLA-4, CD137, TIM-3, PD-L1 or PD-1, which show increased levels in ISG20L2 knockout T cells. The dysregulation observed in these key molecules for T cell responses support a role for this exonuclease as a novel RNA-based regulator of T cell function.
How Exceptional is the Extremal Kendall and Kendall-Type Convolution
Authors: Jasiulis-Gołdyn Barbara H. , Misiewicz Jolanta K. , Omey Edward , Wesołowski Jacek
Published: August 2023

This paper deals with the generalized convolutions connected with the Williamson transform and the maximum operation. We focus on such convolutions which can define transition probabilities of renewal processes. They should be monotonic since the described time or destruction does not go back, it should admit existence of a distribution with a lack of memory property because the analog of the Poisson process shall exist. Another valuable property is the simplicity of calculating and inverting the corresponding generalized characteristic function (in particular Williamson transform) so that the technique of generalized characteristic function can be used in description of our processes. The convex linear combination property (the generalized convolution of two point measures is the convex combination of several fixed measures), or representability (which means that the generalized convolution can be easily written in the language of independent random variables)—they also facilitate the modeling of real processes in that language. We describe examples of generalized convolutions having the required properties ranging from the maximum convolution and its simplest generalization—the Kendall convolution (associated with the Williamson transform), up to the most complicated here—Kingman convolution. It is novel approach to apply in the extreme value theory. Stochastic representation of the Kucharczak-Urbanik in the order statistics terms is proved, which open new paths to investigate Archimedean copulas. This paper open the door to solve an old open problem of the relationship between copulas and generalized convolutions mentioned by B. Schweizer and A. Sklar in 1983. This indicates the path of further research towards extremes and dependency modelling.
Hyponatriämie
Authors: Perschinka Fabian , Köglberger Paul , Klein Sebastian J. , Joannidis Michael
Published: August 2023

Die Hyponatriämie ist eine der häufigsten Elektrolytstörungen in Notaufnahmen und bei hospitalisierten Patient*innen. Die Serum-Natriumkonzentration wird über die Osmoregulation sowie die Volumenregulation kontrolliert. Beides erfolgt über die Freisetzung von antidiuretischem Hormon (ADH). Die inadäquate ADH-Freisetzung (SIADH) kann durch Tumore, Pneumonien, Medikamenteneinnahme oder Drogenkonsum getriggert werden. Auch übermäßige Flüssigkeitsaufnahme kann zur Abnahme der Serum-Natriumkonzentration führen. Rasche Veränderungen in der Serum-Natriumkonzentration führen zu Zellschwellung bzw. Zellschrumpfung, was sich vor allem in neurologischen Symptomen widerspiegelt. Entscheidend ist hierbei die Geschwindigkeit, mit welcher die Hyponatriämie eintritt, und wie lange die Hyponatriämie schon besteht. In der Diagnostik der Hyponatriämie sind neben der laborchemischen Bestimmung auch eine klinische Untersuchung sowie Harnanalysen von zentraler Bedeutung.