bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Exploring the eco-efficiency of cultivated land utilization and its influencing factors in black soil region of Northeast China under the goal of reducing pollution emission and increasing carbon sink
Authors: Feng Lin , Lei Guoping , Nie Ying
Published: July 2022

To realize maximum benefits and minimize environment pollution, the eco-efficiency of cultivated land utilization(ECLU) is becoming a vital indicator in weighing the rationality of regional land use. Scientific analysis of spatial-temporal pattern variations, as well as factors influencing the ECLU, is of great significance to cultivated land protection, economic development and ecological environment protection in black soil region of Northeast China, and has become a global strategic issue related to the sustainable development. However, assessments of the indicators are still incomplete, the lack of information may inhabit planning guideline for the sustainable development of cultivated land resources. Thus, this study attempts to fill the gaps by incorporating the net carbon sink and non-point source pollution emissions into the measurement framework of ECLU. The super-efficiency SBM model with undesirable output and the Malmquist-Luenberger(ML) index were used to measure the ECLU and changes in the total factor productivity(TFP) of cultivated land use in the Songnen Plain from 1989 to 2019. Moran index and LISA clustering was used to reveal spatital correlation of ECLU, and Kernel density estimation and trend surface analysis maps were drawn to analyze variation tendency of the ECLU. Geographical detector model was employed to further analyze the influencing factors of ECLU. The study results revealed that:(1)The ECLU showed an overall development trend of "rising first and then declining", all of which were below the frontier efficiency. (2)The polarization of ECLU is prominent, and the ECLU had a significant heterogeneity and spatital correlation. (3)The TFP showing an increasing trend, technological progress is the main driving force to promote the progress of TFP, while the technological efficiency is the bottlenecks for the increasing the TFP of the cultivated land use. (4)According to the magnitude of influencing factor, increasing agricultural science and technology investments, lowering carbon emission, and controlling agrochemical investment could significantly enhance the ECLU. These findings have important implications for promoting high-efficient, low-carbon utilization of cultivated land resources and sustainable regional development in black soil region of Northeast China.
Transformation of amorphous aluminum oxide in the catalytic dehydration reaction of aromatic alcohol
Authors: Boretskaya Avgustina , Farid Mostafa Esmail , Egorova Svetlana , Lamberov Alexander
Published: July 2022

The wide use of aluminum oxides as catalysts in petrochemicals and oil refining applications necessitates determination of factors affecting the catalytic systems efficiency. However, there are no studies showing the amorphous phase effect on the composition of aluminum oxide catalysts and the catalytic performance. At the same time, the uncontrolled presence of an amorphous phase in aluminum oxide catalyst can significantly worsen the catalyst efficiency. This paper shows for the first time, the transformation of amorphous aluminum oxide during the reaction of vapor-phase dehydration of aromatic alcohol, which leads to a decrease in conversion from 88 (for fresh) to 64% (after regeneration). Crystallization of amorphous aluminum oxide by high-temperature treatment may be impractical, due to a significant decrease in the catalyst textural characteristics.
Decoupling of K isotope from Sr-Nd isotope in the Saima alkaline complex, NE China: interactions of cratonic roots and asthenosphere
Authors: Gao Nan , Zhu Dan , Xu Yingkui , Luo Jincheng , Li Yang , Li Xiongyao , Liu Jianzhong
Published: July 2022

We report high-precision K isotopes, apatite U-Pb ages, whole-rock elements, and Sr-Nd isotopes of Saima nepheline syenite in the North China Craton. Trace element and Sr-Nd-Hf-O isotope data indicate the presence of subducting sediments in source region, while K isotopic compositions showed a narrow range between –0.54 ‰ and –0.31 ‰, with an average of –0.41 ± 0.06 ‰, identical to the value of asthenosphere. The nearly identical K isotopic compositions are low probability events compared with K isotopic compositions of the island arc lavas reported previously (–1.55 ‰ to +0.2 ‰). Although crustal contamination is consistent with Sr-Nd-K isotopic data, alternatively we propose the isotopic data also reconcile to the interaction between cratonic roots and underlying convective asthenosphere, if this interaction is over prolonged periods of time. Numerical simulations successfully reproduced the observed data, if the metasomatized lithospheric mantle root, the source of the Saima, occurred 500 Ma ago. Our study reveals that the isotopic compositions of fast-diffusion components in a metasomatized lithospheric mantle by ancient subducting melts can be effectively homogenized by convective asthenosphere through diffusion in a long-time interval.
Taxonomic assessment of two wild house mouse subspecies using whole-genome sequencing
Authors: Lawal Raman Akinyanju , Mathis Verity L. , Barter Mary E. , Charette Jeremy R. , Garretson Alexis , Dumont Beth L.
Published: July 2022

House mice (Mus musculus) are comprised of three primary subspecies. A large number of secondary subspecies have also been suggested on the basis of divergent morphology and molecular variation at limited numbers of markers. While the phylogenetic relationships among the primary M. musculus subspecies are well-defined, the relationships among the secondary subspecies, and their relationships to primary subspecies, remain poorly understood. Here, we integrate de novo genome sequencing of museum-stored specimens of house mice from one secondary subspecies (M. m. bactrianus) and publicly available genome sequences of house mice previously characterized as M. m. helgolandicus, with whole-genome sequences from diverse representatives of the three primary house mouse subspecies. We show that mice assigned to the secondary M. m. bactrianus and M. m. helgolandicus subspecies are not genetically differentiated from the contemporary M. m. castaneus and M. m. domesticus, respectively. Overall, our work suggests that the M. m. bactrianus and M. m. helgolandicus subspecies are not well-justified taxonomic entities, emphasizing the importance of leveraging whole-genome sequence data to inform subspecies designations. Additionally, our investigation has established experimental procedures for generating whole-genome sequences from air-dried museum specimens and provides key genomic resources to inform future genomic investigations of wild mouse diversity.
Enhanced recovery after surgery in EMS lithotripsy for percutaneous nephrolithotomy: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Gao Meng , Zhu Zewu , Liu Minghui , Chen Jinbo , Chen Hequn , Zeng Feng
Published: July 2022

Background
The enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocols for many urological procedures are well developed, but application of an ERAS protocol in PCNL is still limited. The objective of this study was to investigate postoperative recovery following PCNL combined with EMS Trilogy lithotripsy using our institutional ERAS protocols.
Materials and Methods
From January 2018 to July 2021, a perioperative ERAS protocol was applied in 104 patients who underwent PCNL combined with EMS Trilogy. A matched cohort of 104 patients for whom a traditional protocol was used between 2012 and 2018 was selected, and the stone-free rate, incidence of complications, time from surgery to first flatus, postoperative bed rest time, postoperative hospitalization and expenses were compared between the two groups.
Results
The mean time from surgery to first flatus was 14.8 hours in the ERAS cohort and 26.4 hours in the control group (P < 0.001). Patients in the ERAS group also had a significantly shorter postoperative bed rest time (23.8 vs. 47.2 hours, P < 0.001) and postoperative hospitalization (4.49 vs. 6.64 d, P < 0.001). The average hospitalization cost for the ERAS group was 8.5% lower than that for the traditional group (19749 vs. 21584 CNY, P < 0.001).
Conclusions
Patients in the ERAS group had earlier anal exhaust and out-of-bed times, fewer hospitalization days, lower hospitalization costs, and no increased risks of perioperative complications or residual stones.
Trial registration:
26/11/2021, Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR2100053652).
Determination of specific lethal heat treatment parameters for pests associated with wood products using the Humble water bath
Authors: Noseworthy M. K. , Humble L. M. , Souque T. , John E. , Roberts Josie , Allen Eric , Lloyd Charlene
Published: July 2022

Heat treatment is an effective sanitization method used for over half a century to reduce the risk of transporting pests associated with wood products. The determination of precise lethal heat treatment parameters for pests is critical for the development of globally harmonized plant protection regulatory treatment policies. Separation of heat treatment dose (time and temperature) from the application of heat (delivery) allows for universal agreement on lethal dose and promotes efficient development of treatment schedule guidance. The Humble water bath is an efficient and carefully calibrated heat treatment apparatus designed to test the effects of heat and determine lethal temperature doses. Specifications for building this apparatus and experimental treatment parameters are described. To demonstrate the capacities of the water bath apparatus, the effect of heat on a non-indigenous wood boring beetle, Anisandrus dispar, are reported using heat-ramp regimes similar to industrial kiln heating applications. Adult A. dispar tested in-vitro, did not survive 50°C treatment temperature for 15 minute time duration.
PCDHA1 high expression is associated with poor prognosis and correlated with immune cell infiltration in breast cancer
Authors: Du Jiawei , Wu Kaidi
Published: July 2022

Background
Breast cancer (BC) is still one of the biggest threats to women’s health. Protocadherin gene PCDHA1 is abnormally highly expressed in breast cancer tissues. However, the biological role of PCDHA1 in breast cancer has not been fully elucidated and the relationship with the immune microenvironment needs to be further studied.
Methods
TCGA-BRCA gene expression files were used to characterize PCDHA1. Kaplan-Meier method was used to estimate PCDHA1 prognosis potential. GSEA analysis was performed to determine the signaling pathways altered by PCDHA1 aberrant expression. The correlations between PCDHA1 and immune cell infiltration levels were analyzed by CIBERSORT. Wilcoxon’s rank-sum test was used to identify chemokine and chemokine receptors significantly associated with PCDHA1. The CCK8 assay and the transwell invasion assay were occupied to evaluate the effect of PCDHA1 overexpression on BC cells.
Results
Survival analysis revealed PCDHA1 was associated with poor prognosis in BC. Enrichment analysis uncovered several metabolism pathways were activated by PCDHA1. Moreover, PCDHA1 was positively correlated with activated NK cells but negatively correlated with resting NK cells infiltration. In addition, chemokines CCL28, CXCL17, and receptor CCR9 expression were associated with PCDHA1. The CCK8 assay and the transwell invasion assay proved that PCDHA1 overexpression enhanced MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cell proliferation and invasion.
Conclusions
This study demonstrated that PCDHA1 effectively predicted BC prognosis. Upregulated PCDHA1 activated metabolism pathways, and promoted NK cells and chemokines. PCDHA1 overexpression enhanced BC cell proliferation and invasion. Therefore, an understanding of PCDHA1’s function in BC may yield insights into the mechanisms of BC development.
Description, identification, and growth of Tuber borchii Vittad. mycorrhized Pinus sylvestris L. seedlings on different lime contents
Authors: Mrak Tanja , Grebenc Tine , Friedrich Silke , Münzenberger Babette
Published: July 2022

Tuber borchii forms ectomycorrhiza with oaks, hazel, and pines, including Pinus sylvestris. However, its ectomycorrhiza morphotype with Pinus sylvestris was not comprehensively described so far and molecular analyses are missing despite a high danger of misidentification of T. borchii ectomycorrhiza with other closely related and less valuable truffle species. We described for the first time the morphology and anatomy of T. borchii-P. sylvestris ectomycorrhiza using differential interference contrast technique and semi-thin sections in combination with molecular confirmation of identity. Colour of ectomycorrhiza is reddish to dark brown and morphotypes are unevenly but densely covered by warts-bearing pin-like cystidia. All layers of the hyphal mantle are pseudoparenchymatous with outer mantle layer formed of epidermoid cells. T. borchii ectomycorrhiza was identified by a molecular comparison with fruitbodies used for inoculation and its respective ectomycorrhizae. T. borchii has a wide ecological amplitude. To get a better insight in mycorrhization requirements, we investigated growth of P. sylvestris and its ectomycorrhiza infection rate with T. borchii in substrate with different lime content. The mycorrhization of P. sylvestris with T. borchii in the mycorrhization substrate and cultivation in greenhouse conditions was successful, with colonization of P. sylvestris varying between 36.5% and 48.1%. There was no significant correlation of mycorrhization to applied lime contents, and consequently to pH in substrate, while the increased levels of lime improved growth of the P. sylvestris seedlings.
Adaptive Frequency-Based Fully Hyperbolic Graph Neural Networks
Authors: Wei FeiFei , Ping MingZhu , Mei KuiZhi
Published: July 2022

Graph Convolutional Networks (GCNs) have attracted broad attention from industry and academia, for which GCNs have demonstrated powerful ability to model the irregular data, e.g., skeletal data and graph-structured data. The most existing effective model may be the fully hyperbolic graph neural network. However, it involves a large number of parameters, thus consuming considerable computing resources. In this paper, we propose a model based on adaptive frequency filter and corresponding optimizer in hyperbolic space. The adaptive frequency can learn the different frequency components of the embeddings of the nodes in graph, which adaptively adjust the beneficial signals of high-frequency and low-frequency. And the optimizer is based on a subset of the orthogonal constraint, which is dedicated for the adaptive frequency with less parameters. Consequently, our model need only to optimize the less parameters in hyperbolic space and meanwhile prevent the distortion caused by conventional manifold GCN. Experimental results show that our method achieves substantial improvements and outperforms the state-of-the-art performance in terms of node classification.
Simulation analysis and physiological and biochemical evaluation of Sophora flavescens aboveground against aphids using network pharmacology
Authors: Guo Chun-Yan , Zhou Bao-Chang , Liu Yi-Bo , Niu Hui , Lv Li-Juan , Li Min-Hui
Published: July 2022

Pests have caused substantial damage to the human environments; therefore, studying insecticidal mechanisms is crucial for improving pest control. However, irreversible secondary damage caused by chemical pesticides must be considered. In this study, we used network pharmacology to determine that Sophora flavescens Alt. mainly acts on glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase, thymidylate synthase, and translocation protein in aphids, thereby resulting in effective pest control. The stability and reliability of target proteins were analyzed by molecular docking and dynamics simulations. Enzyme activity assays validated the feasibility of network pharmacology to obtain actionable targets. We used interdisciplinary integration to study pest control and used network pharmacology to identify how Sophora flavescens Alt. resists aphids. The results show that network pharmacology increases the accuracy and specificity of predicted molecules targeted by insecticides. Our approach will facilitate improved, environmentally friendly pest control.
Subchronic tolerance trials of graded oral supplementation with ornithine hydrochloride or citrulline in healthy adults
Authors: Miura Naoki , Morishita Koji , Yasuda Takamasa , Akiduki Saori , Matsumoto Hideki
Published: July 2022

Ornithine and citrulline are amino acids used in dietary supplements and nutritional products consumed by healthy consumers; however, the safe intake level of ornithine or citrulline supplementation is unknown. The objective of this study was to conduct two 4-week clinical trials to evaluate the safety and tolerability of graded dosages of oral ornithine (as hydrochloride) and citrulline. Healthy male adults (n = 60, age 41.4 ± 1.5 years) completed graded dosages of either ornithine hydrochloride (3.2, 6, 9.2 and 12 g/d) or citrulline (6, 12, 18 and 24 g/d) supplement for 4 weeks with 2-week wash-out periods in between. Primary outcomes included vitals, a broad spectrum of circulating biochemical analytes, body weight, sleep quality and mental self-assessment. In the ornithine hydrochloride supplementation group, minor changes in plasma aspartic acid, glutamic acid concentrations and increased its plasma concentration at highest intake dosages were observed. In the citrulline supplementation group minor changes in laboratory data of serum lactate dehydrogenase and plasma amino acid concentration of lysine, methionine, threonine, aspartic acid, glutamic acid, glutamine and ornithine, as well as arginine and citrulline itself were measured. No other changes in measured parameters were observed, and study subjects tolerated 4-week-long oral supplementation of ornithine hydrochloride or citrulline without treatment-related adverse events. A clinical, no-observed-adverse-effect-level (NOAEL) of ornithine hydrochloride and citrulline supplementation in healthy adult males was determined to be 12 g/day and 24 g/day (4weeks), respectively.
Discovering Unknown Labels for Multi-Label Image Classification
Authors: Huang Jun , Yan Yu , Zheng Xiao
Published: July 2022

A multi-label learning (MLL) method can simultaneously process the instances with multiple labels, and many well-known methods have been proposed to solve various MLL-related problems. The existing MLL methods are mainly applied under the assumption of a fixed label set, i.e., the class labels are all observed for the training data. However, in many real-world applications, there may be some unknown labels outside of this set, especially for large-scale and complex datasets. In this paper, a multi-label classification model based on deep learning is proposed to discover the unknown labels for multi-label image classification. It can simultaneously predict known and unknown labels for unseen images. Besides, an attention mechanism is introduced into the model, where the attention maps of unknown labels can be used to observe the corresponding objects of an image and to get the semantic information of these unknown labels.
Angling for X-ray pulsar geometry with polarimetry
Authors: Doroshenko Victor , Poutanen Juri , Tsygankov Sergey , Suleimanov Valery , Bachetti Matteo , Caiazzo Ilaria , Costa Enrico , Marco Alessandro Di , Heyl Jeremy , Monaca Fabio La , Muleri Fabio , Mushtukov Alexander , Pavlov George , Ramsey Brian , Rankin John , Santangelo Andrea , Soffitta Paolo , Staubert Ruediger , Weisskopf Martin , Zane Silvia , Agudo Iván , Antonelli Lucio , Baldini Luca , Baumgartner Wayne , Bellazzini Ronaldo , Bianchi Stefano , Bongiorno Stephen , Bonino Raffaella , Bucciantini Niccolò , Brez Alessandro , Capitanio Fiamma , Castellano Simone , Cavazzuti Elisabetta , Ciprini Stefano , De Rosa Alessandra , Monte Ettore Del , Gesu Laura Di , Lalla Niccolò Di , Donnarumma Immacolata , Dovciak Michal , Ehlert Steven , Enoto Teruaki , Evangelista Yuri , Fabiani Sergio , Ferrazzoli Riccardo , Garcia Javier , Gunji Shuichi , Hayashida Kiyoshi , Iwakiri Wataru , Jorstad Svetlana , Karas Vladimir , Kitaguchi Takao , Kolodziejczak Jeffery , Krawczynski Henric , Latronico Luca , Liodakis Ioannis , Maldera Simone , Manfreda Alberto , Marin Frédéric , Marinucci Andrea , Marscher Alan , Marshall Herman , Massaro Francesco , Matt Giorgio , Mitsuishi Ikuyuki , Mizuno Tsunefumi , Ng C.-Y. , O'Dell Stephen , Omodei Nicola , Oppedisano Chiara , Papitto Alessandro , Peirson Abel , Perri Matteo , Pesce-Rollins Melissa , Pilia Maura , Possenti Andrea , Puccetti Simonetta , Ratheesh Ajay , Romani Roger , Sgro Carmelo , Slane Patrick , Spandre Gloria , Sunyaev Rashid , Tamagawa Toru , Tavecchio Fabrizio , Taverna Roberto , Tawara Yuzuru , Tennant Allyn , Thomas Nicolas , Tombesi Francesco , Trois Alessio , Turolla Roberto , Vink Jacco , Wu Kinwah , Xie Fei
Published: July 2022

Using observations of X-ray pulsar Her X-1 by the Imaging X-ray Polarimetry Explorer, we report on a highly significant detection of the polarization signal from an accreting neutron star. The observed degree of the linear polarization of ∼ 10% is found to be far below theoretical expectations for this object, and stays low throughout the spin cycle of the pulsar. Both the polarization degree and the angle exhibit variability with pulse phase, which allowed us to measure the pulsar spin position angle and magnetic obliquity of the neutron star, which is an essential step towards detailed modeling of the intrinsic emission of X-ray pulsars. Combining our results with the optical polarimetric data, we find that the spin axis of the neutron star and the angular momentum of the binary orbit are misaligned by at least ∼20 deg, which is a strong argument in support of the models explaining stability of the observed super-orbital variability with the precession of the neutron star.
Physical as well as psychological distress and coping with situational dilemmas experienced by people infected with COVID-19: a mixed method study
Authors: Hengyotmark Arunee , Kusoom Wichitra
Published: July 2022

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic caused serious health problems that affected people physically, and psychologically around the globe. This study aimed to (1) understand physical distress (PhD), psychological distress (PsD), and coping experiences among people infected with COVID-19 (2) develop a grounded theory (3) examine PhD, PsD, and coping among people infected with COVID-19. Methods: A sequential exploratory mixed methods strategy was employed. A qualitative procedure was based on a grounded theory, data collection included observation and in-depth interviews with 25 participants, aged 18 years and above. The quantitative one included 180 participants, from Bangkok Metropolitan, and Northeastern region of Thailand from February to May 2022. A snowball sampling technique was used. Quantitative instrument: was built based on grounded data from a qualitative approach. Physical, psychological distress, and coping were assessed. Content analysis was applied using the Strauss and Corbin method, and software ATLAS.ti. Descriptive statistic, Pearson’s correlation, and independent t-test were used. Results: Six major themes included 10 sub-themes. The six major themes appeared (1) severity of COVID-19 symptoms (2) death anxiety (3) uncertainty (4) barrier to healthcare access (5) compliance, and self-regulation coping (6) post-COVID-19 effects. PhD, PsD, and coping were at a moderate level. All PhD, PsD, and coping were in positive relations. Comparison of PsD, and coping between the non-severe group and severe group was significantly different (p<0.001, p<0.05). Post COVID-19 effects were fatigue, dyspnea, high blood sugar level, impairment of lungs, liver, and kidney. Conclusions: The findings of the study supported 6 major themes including 10 sub-themes. All PhD, PsD, and coping were in positive relations. The PsD, and coping of the severe group was higher than non-severe group. Suggestions, healthcare providers should be concerned with sufficient healthcare services, physical and psychological supports. The interventions are needed for their recovery from physical and psychological effects.
Homozygous Mthfr C677t Carriers Develop Idiopathic Portal Vein Thrombosis Twenty Years Earlier Than Wild Type
Authors: Ames Paul RJ , D’Andrea Giovanna , Arcaro Alessia , Marottoli Vincenzo , Iannaccone Luigi , Margaglione Maurizio , Gentile Fabrizio
Published: July 2022

Objective: To compare age at occlusion and plasma homocysteine (HC) in patients with idiopathic portal vein thrombosis (PVT) genotyped for methylene tetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) rs1801133 (C®T667 transition), to identify which clinical or laboratory variables influenced age at first PVT, including the prothrombin rs1799963 PT (G®A transition at position 20210) (PT) mutation. Methods: Retrospective cross-sectional cohort survey on 17 MTHFR TT, 45 MTHFR TC and 24 MTHFR CC participants with idiopathic PVT who contributed age, sex, age at PVT, smoking status, plasma HC and natural anticoagulant concentrations. Results: Age at PVT was lower in MTHFR TT than MTHFR TC and CC (31±8 vs. 46±16 vs. 52±14 years, respectively, p=0.001); median (IQR) plasma HC was higher in MTHFR TT than in the other groups [17 (12.6,25.0) vs. 10 (7.4,13.1) vs. 11.9 (8.1,5.8) μmol/l, respectively, p=0.002)]. MTHFR TT and protein C independently predicted age at PVT (p<0.0001 and p=0.04 respectively); MTHFR TT independently predicted plasma HC (p=0.05). Smoking and sex predicted cavernoma (p=0.002 and p=0.02 respectively). Compound MTHFR TT with PT GA had no lowering effect on age at first VTE compared to MTHFR TT alone (37±7 vs. 30±8 years). Conclusions: MTHFR TT anticipates age at PVT by an average of 20 years compared to other MTHFR genotypes. PT GA had no age lowering effect combined with MTHFR TT. Smoking predicts cavernoma formation, suggesting that smoking may associate with recurrent subclinical PVT before the symptomatic presentation.
The incidence and risk factors of syndromic psychological dysfunction in family members after ICU: A meta-analysis
Authors: zhang baozhen , cheng zhiqiang , xia jiaoyun , wang xiaoxing
Published: July 2022

Objective To summarize the risk factors of Post Intensive Care unit-family (PICS-F) mental dysfunction in family members, and to provide evidence for clinical medical staff to identify the risk factors of PICS-F mental dysfunction in advance.Methods Embase, PubMed, Cochrane Library, EBSCO, Web of Science, China Biomedical Database (CBM), CNKI, WanFang Database and VIP database were systematically searched from database establishment to May 2022. Literature on the risk factors of PICS-F mental dysfunction was included. After screening, extraction and quality evaluation, stata17.0 and RveMan5.4 were used to conduct meta-analysis on the incidence and risk factors of PICS-F.Results a total of 10692 subjects were included in 15 literatures. The incidence of pics-f mental dysfunction was 28% (95%CI 0.22 to 0.35). Subgroup analysis showed a 30% incidence in the United States and 27% in other countries. The incidence was 26% in cohort studies, and 43% in case-control and cross-sectional studies. The incidence was 26% at 3 months and 13% at 6 months. Meta-analysis results showed patient age (OR=1.06,95%CI 1.01 to 1.10), gender of family members (OR=4.07,95%CI 2.52 to 6.60) and relationship between family members and patients (OR=2.24,95%CI 1.00 to 4.99), family history of mental illness (OR=3.77,95%CI 1.58 to 8.97), length of ICU stay (OR=4.72,95%CI 2.10 to 10.64), and severity of disease (OR=5.95,95%CI 2.09 to 16.94), death (OR=1.90,95%CI 1.31 to 2.77), family education level (OR=1.07,95%CI 1.02 to 1.12) were the influencing factors of PICS-F psychological dysfunction. It is not clear whether the mode of admission and attendance at family meetings have an effect on PICS-F mental dysfunction.Conclusion The risk factors for PICS-F mental dysfunction are young age, female family member, spouse, history of mental illness, long ICU stay, severity of illness, death and low education level of family members. Clinical medical staff should pay attention to the above risk factors and take corresponding measures to reduce the incidence of PICS-F psychological dysfunction. Relevance to clinical practiceThe results of our meta-analysis have important consequences for ICU nurse managers. Our finding of high rate of PICS-F Psychological dysfunction among ICU patients. That more attention should be devoted to develop and apply prevention programs for ICU nurses to manage this global issue.
A Study on antigravity for voltage variation with different heights using PKL electrochemical cell
Authors: Alam Md Rabiul , Khan K.A.
Published: July 2022

Antigravity devices use non-aerodynamic methods of propulsion to create thrust – typically a directional or upward thrust from systems based usually on Electromagnetism. There are hundreds of proposed methods of creating Antigravity Effects, but they typically fall into a few broad categories of device. Antigravity is a multi-disciplinary science at the crossroads of aerospace engineering, particle physics, Ufology, space science, transportation politics, psychology, and cultural mythology. Research in this area requires deep knowledge across a diverse number of other specialized sciences, as well as the ability to work with incomplete information. But we are focusing on EAD or in other word ION propulsion method. As we all know that ion propulsion always linked to high voltage issues. That’s why first we are trying measure low voltage power supply of PKL cell for different heights for antigravity. Here, we are trying to learn that how gravity affect a power source.
The feasibility of hydrometallurgical methods for enhancing the processing of copper concentrates
Authors: Vasilieva A. A. , Boduen A. Ya. , Vasiliev R. E.
Published: July 2022

This article analyses available methods for processing low-grade copper concentrates, including existing hydrometallurgical schemes of their conditioning. To this end, we review Russian and foreign publications investigating existing technologies for processing substandard copper raw materials, which are used to deepen the extraction of valuable components from raw materials. Particular attention is paid to the technologies of hydrometallurgical processing of raw materials in terms of their feasibility for conditioning low-grade copper-containing materials as a substitution for conventional processing methods. The most promising technologies in terms of their further development and industrial application were identified among autoclave (MT Gordon, Platsol, CESL, hydrothermal treatment, etc.) and atmospheric leaching (HydroCopper, Intec Copper Process, Albion, etc.) methods. A number of research gaps in the field of copper raw and copper alloy processing were revealed, including problems related to conditioning of low-grade raw materials. Copper ores contain a significant amount of zinc and copper sulphides, whose complete extraction can be achieved using modern hydrometallurgical methods thus contributing to the efficiency of raw materials processing. In this respect, the Albion process seems to be a highly promising solution, thus requiring further studies.
A shallow salt pond analog for aqueous alteration on ancient Mars: Spectroscopy, mineralogy, and geochemistry of sediments from Antarctica’s Dry Valleys
Authors: Burton Zachary F.M. , Bishop Janice L. , Englert Peter A.J. , Szynkiewicz Anna , Koeberl Christian , Dera Przemyslaw , McKenzie Warren , Gibson Everett K.
Published: July 2022

Understanding past and present aqueous activity on Mars is critical to constraining martian aqueous geochemistry and habitability, and to searching for life on Mars. Assemblages of minerals observed at or near the martian surface include phyllosilicates, sulfates, iron oxides/hydroxides, and chlorides, all of which are indicative of a complex history of aqueous activity and alteration in the martian past. Furthermore, features observed on parts of the martian surface suggest present-day activity of subsurface brines and at least transient liquid water. Terrestrial analogs for younger and colder (Hesperian–Amazonian) martian geologic and climatic conditions are available in the McMurdo Dry Valleys (MDV) of Antarctica and provide opportunities for improved understanding of more recent aqueous activity on Mars. Here, we study the VXE-6 intermittent brine pond site from Wright Valley in the MDV region and use coordinated spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and elemental analyses to characterize the mineralogy and chemistry of surface sediments that have evolved in response to aqueous activity at this site. We find that brine pond activity results in mineral assemblages akin to aqueous alteration products associated with younger sites on Mars. In particular, surficial chlorides, a transition layer of poorly crystalline aluminosilicates and iron oxides/hydroxides, and a deeper gypsum-rich interval within the upper 10 cm of sediment are closely related at this Antarctic brine pond site. Activity of the Antarctic brine pond and associated mineral formation presents a process analog for chemical alteration on the martian surface during episodes of transient liquid water activity during the late Hesperian and/or more recently. Our results provide a relevant example of how aqueous activity in a cold and dry Mars-like climate may explain the co-occurrence of chlorides, clays, iron oxides/hydroxides, and sulfates observed on Mars.
High-temperature phase relations of hydrous aluminosilicates at 22 GPa in the AlOOH-AlSiO3OH system
Authors: Takaichi Goru , Nishi Masayuki , Zhou Youmo , Machida Shinichi , Kitahara Ginga , Yoshiasa Akira , Irifune Tetsuo
Published: July 2022

The stabilities of the minerals that can hold water are important for understanding water behavior in the Earth’s deep interior. Recent experimental studies have shown that the incorporation of aluminum enhances the thermal stabilities of hydrous minerals significantly. In this study, the phase relations of hydrous aluminosilicates in the AlOOH-AlSiO3OH system were investigated at 22 GPa and 1400–2275 K using a multi-anvil apparatus. Based on the X-ray diffraction measurements and composition analysis of the recovered samples, we found that the AlSiO4H phase Egg forms a solid solution with δ-AlOOH above 1500 K. Additionally, at temperatures above 1800 K, two unknown hydrous aluminosilicates with compositions Al2.03Si0.97O6H2.03 and Al2.11Si0.88O6H2.11 appeared, depend ing on the bulk composition of the starting materials. Both phases can host large amounts of water, at least up to 2275 K, exceeding the typical mantle geotherm. The extreme thermal stability of hydrous aluminosilicates suggests that deep-subducted crustal rocks could be a possible reservoir of water in the mantle transition zone and the uppermost lower mantle.
Thermal expansion of minerals in the tourmaline supergroup
Authors: Hovis Guy L. , Tribaudino Mario , Altomare Caitlin , Bosi Ferdinando
Published: July 2022

The thermal behavior of 15 natural tourmaline samples has been measured by X-ray powder diffraction from room temperature to ~930 °C. Axial thermal expansion is generally greater along the c crystallographic axis (αc 0.90–1.05 × 10–5/K) than along the a crystallographic axis and the symmetrically equivalent b axis (αa 0.47–0.60 × 10–5/K). Ferro-bearing samples show lower expansion along a than in other tourmalines. In povondraite the thermal expansion along the c axis is higher than in other tourmalines, whereas along a it is lower [αa = 0.31(2) and αc = 1.49(3) × 10–5/K]. Volume expansion in the tourmaline-supergroup minerals is relatively low compared with other silicates such as pyroxenes and amphiboles. Volume also exhibits a relatively narrow range of thermal expansion coefficients (1.90–2.05 × 10–5/K) among the supergroup members. An interpretation for the small changes in thermal expansion in a compositionally heterogeneous group like tourmaline is that all members, except povondraite, share a framework of dominantly ZAlO6 polyhedra that limit thermal expansion. Povondraite, with a framework dominated by ZFe3+O6 polyhedra, displays thermal expansion that is different from other members of the group.

Unit-cell dimensions of tourmalines having significant Fe2+ deviate from linearity above 400 °C on plots against temperature (T); along with the resulting substantial reduction in unit-cell volume, these effects are likely the result of deprotonation/oxidation processes. Lithium-rich and Fe2+-free tourmalines deviate similarly at T > 600 °C. In Li- and Fe2+-free tourmalines, no such deviation is observed up to the highest temperatures of our experiments. It is not clear whether this is due to cation order-disorder over Y and Z sites that occurs during the highest temperature measurements, a phenomenon that is apparently inhibited (at least in the short term) in Li-free/Mg-rich samples. If so, this must occur at a relatively rapid rate, as no difference in unit-cell values was detected at 800 °C after heating in both one- and 12-h experiments on Na-rich rossmanite.
Measurement of natural frequency and mechanical damping of thin brass diaphragm by pulsed laser generated vibrations
Authors: Azam Muhammad Sohail , Malik Azhar Hussain , Irshad Afshan , Iqbal Mazhar , Ahmad Izhar
Published: July 2022

Damped harmonic oscillator model based fitting of nanosecond pulsed laser induced amplitude variations of clamped vibrating circular plate is used to estimate the mechanical damping and natural frequency of the sample in current work. Laser Pulses of 50 mJ energy, 20 ns duration, and focused at a spot of 4 mm diameter at the center of the circular thin brass sheet of 100 µm thickness is used to generate vibrations in the target. Quadrature Michelson interferometer (QMI) with CW laser focused on the opposite side of the target surface is used to measure the amplitude of vibrations. Variations of fringe frequencies are identified in the frequency domain. Finite element based numerical modal analyses are also performed in ANSYS Workbench for the verification of experimental results for the same geometry and materials. Experimental frequencies of vibrations are found to match nearly 2 percent of FEM modes. Moreover, Elastic parameters are also found using the first two mode frequencies and a reasonable agreement is observed while comparing with the elastic parameter data of brass. Current work in itself is a unique attempt of getting mechanical parameters for the determination of elastic parameters in a single laser pulse impulse excited measurement for thin clamped targets.
Reforming the Institutional Space for The Development of Municipalities
Authors: Odintsova A. Vl.
Published: July 2022

Local self-government is the most important component in the system of federative relations. The  general indicators of the country’s socio-economic development  largely depend  on the chosen model of local self-government, the mechanisms  of relations between municipalities, both  with  regional  and  federal  public  authorities.  The  recent  changes  in  the  Russian Federation at the level of constitutional  and legal regulation have changed the institutional field  of municipal  development.  These  changes  were  followed  by the development  of two important bills: the Draft Federal Law  «On Urban Agglomerations» prepared by the Ministry of  Economic  Development,  and  the  Draft  Federal  Law   «On  the  General  Principles  of Organizing Local  Self-Government in a Unified System  of Public Power», the analysis  of which  is the focus of the article.  Based  on the study  of world  experience, it is concluded that  the transformations  of the institutional  space of local self-government and  municipal development taking place in Russia, in general, correspond to global trends in spatial development.  Particular  attention  is paid to urban  agglomerations as, on the one hand, a modern  form  of spatial  organization;  and, on the  other hand, a form  of inter-municipal cooperation.
Epilepsy and Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD): The Underlying Mechanisms and Therapy Targets Related to Adenosine
Authors: Li Tianfu , Guo Mengyi , Xie Pandeng , Liu Siqi , Luan Guoming
Published: July 2022

Epilepsy and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are highly mutually comorbid, suggesting potential overlaps in genetic etiology, pathophysiology, and neurodevelopmental abnormalities. Adenosine, an endogenous anticonvulsant and neuroprotective neuromodulator of the brain, has been proved to affect the process of epilepsy and ASD. On the one hand, adenosine plays a crucial role in preventing the progression and development of epilepsy through adenosine receptor-dependent and -independent ways. On the other hand, adenosine signaling can not only regulate core symptoms but also improve comorbid disorders in ASD. Given the important role of adenosine in epilepsy and ASD together, therapeutic strategies related to adenosine, including the ketogenic diet, neuro-modulation therapy, and adenosine augmentation therapy, have been suggested for the arrangement of epilepsy and ASD. There are several proposals in this review. Firstly, based on the comorbid symptoms and mechanisms of epilepsy and ASD, to further discuss the relationship between both diseases. Secondly, to explore the role of adenosine involved in epilepsy and ASD. Lastly, to emphasize the potential therapeutic value and clinical approaches of adenosine-related therapies in treating epilepsy and ASD.
Symptoms of Protracted Alcohol Withdrawal in Patients with Alcohol Use
Disorder: A Comprehensive Systematic Review
Authors: Gallus Silvano , Lugo Alessandra , Borroni Elisa , Vignoli Teo , Lungaro Lisa , Caio Giacomo , De Giorgio Roberto , Zoli Giorgio , Caputo Fabio
Published: July 2022

Background:

Alcohol withdrawal syndrome (AWS) is characterized by different phases
(acute, early and protracted). Protracted alcohol withdrawal (PAW) presents some symptoms, which
may persist for several weeks, months or even years after drinking cessation.

Methods:

We conducted a systematic review of the literature in major scientific databases on selected
AWS symptoms (craving, sleep disorders, and anhedonia) in patients with alcohol use disorder.

Results:

Of the 102 eligible publications (70 RCTs and 32 cohort studies), 88 provided data on craving,
21 on sleep disorders, and 1 on anhedonia. Overall, 37 studies assessed craving using the Obsessive
Compulsive Drinking Scale (OCDS). Pooled OCDS decreased from 24.2 at baseline to 18.8 at 1
week, 10.3 at 1 month and 9.7 at 3 months. The corresponding estimates for treated individuals were
23.9, 18.8, 8.7, and 8.8, and for non-treated subjects, they were 25.3, 13.9, 13.2, and 11.4, respectively.
In 4 studies assessing sleep disorders using the Epworth Sleeping Scale (ESS), the scale remained stable
in time, i.e., 7.3 at baseline, 7.3 at 1 week, 7.2 at 1 month, and 7.1 at 3 months.

Conclusions:

This study confirms the presence of PAW after the resolution of the acute phase of
AWS. The pharmacological approach to managing PAW may ensure a more rapid reduction of
symptoms in three weeks. We highlight the importance of studying PAW and the ability of pharmacological
treatment to reduce its symptoms.
This review protocol is registered in Prospero (registration number: CRD42020211265).

This systematic review summarizes literature on major symptoms of protracted alcohol
withdrawal in patients with alcohol use disorder. The pharmacological approach to manage protracted
alcohol withdrawal ensures a more rapid reduction of symptoms (craving in particular), achieving
in three weeks similar results obtained only after almost 6 months without treatment.
Advanced Microfluidic Vascularized Tissues as Platform for the Study of
Human Diseases and Drug Development
Authors: Noorani Behnam , Cucullo Luca , Ahn Yeseul , Kadry Hossam , Bhalerao Aditya , Raut Snehal , Nozohouri Ehsan , Chowdhury Ekram Ahmed
Published: July 2022

The vascular system plays a critical role in human physiology and diseases. It is a complex subject to study using in vitro models due to its dynamic and three-dimensional microenvironment. Microfluidic technology has recently become a popular technology in various biological fields for its advantages in mimicking complex microenvironments to an extent not achievable by more conventional platforms. Microfluidic technologies can reproduce different vascular system-related structures and functions that can be utilized for drug development and human diseases studies. Herein we first review the relevant structural and functional vascular biology systems of various organ systems and then the fabrication methods to reproduce these vascular districts. We provide a thorough review of the latest achievement in vascular organ-on-chip modeling specific to lung, heart, and the brain microvasculature for drug screening and the study of human disorders.
Vasorelaxant and Antihypertensive Effects of (3β)-ursen-12-en-3,28-diol by NO/cGMP System
Authors: Guzmán-Ávila Ricardo , Estrada-Soto Samuel , Arias-Durán Luis , Millán-Pacheco César , Escalante-García Jaime , Rios Maria Yolanda , Flores-Morales Virginia , Villalobos-Molina Rafael , Pérez-Barrón Gabriela
Published: July 2022

Objective:

The aim of this study was to determine the vasorelaxant effect of semisynthetic derivatives of ursolic acid, establish the mode of action, and determine the antihypertensive effect of the most active compound.

Methods:

Isolated aorta rat rings (ex vivo assay), with and without endothelium, were used to determine the vasorelaxant effect of seven semisynthetic derivatives of ursolic acid (UA-01 to UA-07). Then, the effect of the most active compound was studied in ex vivo assay using L-NAME, ODQ and indomethacin to determine its mode action. Finally, the in vivo cardiovascular effect and molecular docking of the most active compound were determined.

Results:

UA-07 was the most potent compound of the derivatives, since UA-07 induced significant relaxant effect in concentration- and endothelium-dependent manners (Emax = 79.09% and EC50 = 110 μM) on aortic rat rings pre-contracted with noradrenaline (NA, 0.1 μM). Also, endothelium-derived nitric oxide seems to be involved in the mechanism of action of UA-07, because pre-incubation with L-NAME (a NOS inhibitor) and ODQ (a soluble guanylate cyclase inhibitor) significantly reduced its vasorelaxant effect. Further, UA-07 showed a similar binding affinity as ursolic acid on eNOS C1 binding pocket in in silico studies. Finally, treatment with UA-07 (50 mg/Kg) on spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) significantly decreased diastolic blood pressure for seven hours.

Conclusion:

These results demonstrate the significant antihypertensive effect of UA-07, possibly through the NO/cGMP system.