bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Non-coding RNAs: long non-coding RNAs and microRNAs in endocrine-related cancers
Authors: Klinge Carolyn M
Published: February 2018

The human genome is ‘pervasively transcribed’ leading to a complex array of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) that far outnumber coding mRNAs. ncRNAs have regulatory roles in transcription and post-transcriptional processes as well numerous cellular functions that remain to be fully described. Best characterized of the ‘expanding universe’ of ncRNAs are the ~22 nucleotide microRNAs (miRNAs) that base-pair to target mRNA’s 3′ untranslated region within the RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC) and block translation and may stimulate mRNA transcript degradation. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are classified as >200 nucleotides in length, but range up to several kb and are heterogeneous in genomic origin and function. lncRNAs fold into structures that interact with DNA, RNA and proteins to regulate chromatin dynamics, protein complex assembly, transcription, telomere biology and splicing. Some lncRNAs act as sponges for miRNAs and decoys for proteins. Nuclear-encoded lncRNAs can be taken up by mitochondria and lncRNAs are transcribed from mtDNA. Both miRNAs and lncRNAs are dysregulated in endocrine cancers. This review provides an overview on the current understanding of the regulation and function of selected lncRNAs and miRNAs, and their interaction, in endocrine-related cancers: breast, prostate, endometrial and thyroid.
Multivariate Analysis of the Cotton Seed Ionome Reveals a Shared Genetic Architecture
Authors: Pauli Duke , Ziegler Greg , Ren Min , Jenks Matthew A , Hunsaker Douglas J , Zhang Min , Baxter Ivan , Gore Michael A
Published: February 2018

To mitigate the effects of heat and drought stress, a better understanding of the genetic control of physiological responses to these environmental conditions is needed. To this end, we evaluated an upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) mapping population under water-limited and well-watered conditions in a hot, arid environment. The elemental concentrations (ionome) of seed samples from the population were profiled in addition to those of soil samples taken from throughout the field site to better model environmental variation. The elements profiled in seeds exhibited moderate to high heritabilities, as well as strong phenotypic and genotypic correlations between elements that were not altered by the imposed irrigation regimes. Quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping results from a Bayesian classification method identified multiple genomic regions where QTL for individual elements colocalized, suggesting that genetic control of the ionome is highly interrelated. To more fully explore this genetic architecture, multivariate QTL mapping was implemented among groups of biochemically related elements. This analysis revealed both additional and pleiotropic QTL responsible for coordinated control of phenotypic variation for elemental accumulation. Machine learning algorithms that utilized only ionomic data predicted the irrigation regime under which genotypes were evaluated with very high accuracy. Taken together, these results demonstrate the extent to which the seed ionome is genetically interrelated and predictive of plant physiological responses to adverse environmental conditions.
The cost of solidarity: the salvadoran labor movement in Puerto el Triunfo and Greater San Salvador in 1979 and 1980
Authors: Gould Jeffrey
Published: February 2018

This essay analysis the labor movement in Puerto Triunfo and Greater San Salvador in 1979 and 1980. The common ideological bond linking both the port labor movement and the San Salvador movement was a rudimentary syndicalism that had no formal expression either locally or nationally. The evidence presented in this essay suggests that the local and national movements in late 1970s Salvador reflected some of the attitude, technique, and strategy but not necessarily the hope of classic syndicalism. Yet, those ideological forms remained as inchoate expressions. Moreover, the syndicalists of El Salvador labored under authoritarian and increasingly terroristic conditions unimaginable to the founders of the tradition. The arrests, tortures, and assassinations not only provoked militant responses but also imposed the necessity for semi clandestine action that made the full implementation of rank and file democracy —a sine qua non for syndicalism— extremely difficult to achieve. The disjunctions between the syndicalist ethos and formal ideological expressions in the port and in the capital had several consequences. First they led to misunderstandings and alienation between the different groups. But at the same time, these various dialectical interplays between formal and informal discourse, between rank and file and leadership, and between the port and the metropole all played significant roles inthe militant rise and expansion of the labor movement. The essay will trace this broader transformation while presenting a detailed examination of the political and social changes in Puerto El Triunfo, a quite distinct history that nevertheless reflected, influenced and paralleled the labor movement as a whole. I will make use of the concept of “desencuentro”.
Recent data to the jumping plant-lice fauna of Hungary (Hemiptera: Psylloidea)
Authors: Ripka G. , Csóka Gy. , Érsek L.
Published: February 2018

Authors made regular insect collections between 2010 and 2017, especially on ornamental trees and shrubs, on streets, parks, in city greenery, forests, botanical gardens and private gardens, in various localities of Hungary. Trioza soniae Rapisarda, 1994 and Trioza scottii Löw, 1880 are reported for the first time in Hungary. New host, locality and habitat data are given.
Short Versus Longer Implants in Mandibular Alveolar Ridge Augmented Using Osteogenic Distraction: One-Year Follow-up of a Randomized Split-Mouth Trial
Authors: Bernardi Sara , Gatto Roberto , Severino Marco , Botticelli Gianluca , Caruso Silvia , Rastelli Claudio , Lupi Ettore , Roias Adolfo Quiroz , Iacomino Enzo , Falisi Giovanni
Published: February 2018

The aim of this study was to evaluate the reliability of 6-mm-long implants compared with normal-length implants placed in a vertical augmented atrophic posterior mandible, supporting cemented single crowns. Thirty-six patients with bilateral posterior edentulous mandible and presenting a bone availability height less than 9 mm from the mandibular canal were enrolled in this study. Patient hemiarches were randomized to receive both 6-mm-long and normal-length implants (10 mm). The technique used for the vertical bone augmentation was the “sandwich” technique, using a bone substitute block as graft. The data outcomes at 1 year postloading follow-up were the loss of implants and complications. Eighty-six 6-mm-long implants and 84 normal implants were inserted. Five short implants and 13 normal implants were lost. In 28 patients, complications occurred, and in 21 cases, the complication was present on the side of the ridge vertical augmentation. From the statistical analysis, the association between the side of the ridge augmentation and the side of occurrence of the complication was statistically significant (P < .05). The results from this trial suggest short implants can be preferred over vertical bone augmentation for the placement of longer implants in the rehabilitation of edentulous posterior mandibles. These initial results must be confirmed by larger and longer follow-ups of 5 years or more.
Evaluation of Effectiveness of Cement Removal From Implant-Retained Crowns Using a Proposed “Circular Crisscross” Flossing Technique
Authors: Ferreira Cimara Fortes , Shafter Mohamed , Jain Vinay , Wicks Russel Anthony , Linder Erno , da Silva Ledo Carlos Alberto
Published: February 2018

Extruded cement during dental implant crown cementation may cause peri-implant diseases if not removed adequately. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of removal of cement after cementation of implant crowns using an experimental circular crisscross flossing technique (CCFT) flossing technique, compared to the conventional “C”-shape flossing technique (CSFT). Twenty-four patients rendered 29 experimental and 29 control crowns. Prefabricated abutments were secured to the implant such that the margins were at least 1 mm subgingivally. The abutments were scanned using computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing technology and Emax crowns were fabricated in duplicates. Each crown was cemented individually and excess cement was removed using the CSFT and the CCFT techniques. After completion of cementation was completed, the screw access holes were accessed and the crown was unscrewed along with the abutment. The samples were disinfected using 70% ethanol for 10 minutes. Crowns were divided into 4 parts using a marker to facilitate measurement data collection. Vertical and horizontal measurements were made for extruded cement for each control and experimental groups by means of a digital microscope. One-hundred and seventeen measurements were made for each group. Mann–Whitney test was applied to verify statistical significance between the groups. The CCFT showed a highly statistically significant result (104.8 ± 13.66, P < .0001) for cement removal compared with the CSFT (291.8 ± 21.96, P < .0001). The vertical measurements of the extruded cement showed a median of 231.1 μm (IQR = 112.79–398.39) and 43.62 μm (IQR = 0–180.21) for the control and the experimental flossing techniques, respectively. The horizontal measurements of the extruded cement showed a median of 987.1 μm (IQR = 476.7–1,933.58) and 139.2 μm (IQR = 0–858.28) for the control and the experimental flossing techniques, respectively. The CCFT showed highly statistically significant less cement after implant crowns cementation when compared with the CSFT.
Sustainable decentralised wastewater treatment schemes in the context of Lobitos, Peru
Authors: Smyrilli Christiana , Selvakumaran Sivasakthy , Alderson Michael , Pizarro Alejandro , Almendrades Diego , Harris Britanny , Bustamante Andres
Published: February 2018

The implementation of decentralised wastewater treatment systems, such as biodigesters, septic tanks and treatment ponds, provides opportunities for rural or remote communities to be self-reliant and avoid infrastructural connections to faraway urban areas. However, the effectiveness, sustainability and success of such systems is heavily tied to understanding the overall context (geographical, social, cultural, political and economic) in which they are installed, as well as the ease of their operation and maintenance in the long term. Shortcomings to addressing these aspects can lead to the failure of a project. Using the town of Lobitos, located in the Piura District on the northern coast of Peru, as the case study for this research, this paper is discussing and analysing the use of biodigesters as a more sustainable solution over larger municipal wastewater systems in the context of Lobitos. It explains reasons, such as community engagement, behind past failures of such systems and outlines lessons learned from a practitioner’s perspective. It concludes that addressing the local context as well as considering its impact throughout the project cycle, such as installation and future operation and maintenance, helps to ensure continued delivery of safe and sustainable wastewater treatment.
Breakage behaviour of sand particles in point-load compression
Authors: Wang Wanying , Coop Matthew R.
Published: February 2018

Single-particle uniaxial compression tests are generally conducted for sands by compressing a grain between two flat platens. However, previous work has shown that due to the complex morphology of natural sands the nature of their contacts with the loading platens can influence their strength. A custom-built apparatus was therefore built to apply point loading to sand particles. Using a high-speed camera, typical failure modes were observed, which showed less variability than those seen in platen-mounted tests with most undergoing some form of splitting. The particle strength under point loading also tended to be lower than for platen loading, and again with less variability. If the point-loading tests were compared with platen-loading tests for a similar splitting breakage mode, then the strength distributions were very similar. A possible explanation is that the platen-loading tests that underwent a splitting failure were the more angular particles, and so the effect of stress concentration might be similar to that for the point-loading tests.
Effects of cementation on pore water pressure response during normal faulting in clay
Authors: Cai Q. , Ng C. W. W. , Chen X. , Guo L. , Su S.
Published: February 2018

Although pore water pressure was of significance to understand soil behaviour, limited efforts have been devoted to explore and understand pore water pressure responses due to fault propagation. This paper introduces and discusses measured pore water pressures in uncemented and cemented clay bed subjected to normal faulting in a geotechnical centrifuge. Different ground deformation mechanisms and pore water pressure responses in two soil strata are compared and discussed. For uncemented clay stratum, the soil deformed with a shearing mechanism. The uncemented clay tended to dilate during shearing and pore water pressure decreased. For cemented clay, the soil deformed with a bending mechanism. The pore water pressure at the early stage of faulting increased when subjected to shearing and decreased when subjected to tension. The excess pore water pressures in cemented clay dissipated faster as compared with that observed in uncemented clay attributed to shorter drainage path created by fault ruptures in cemented clay.
Effects of long-term loading on fire-damaged reinforced-concrete stub columns
Authors: Huo Jingsi , Liu Hanqing , Xu Xi
Published: February 2018

The effect of long-term loading on fire-damaged reinforced-concrete (RC) stub columns was experimentally investigated. RC stub columns were axially loaded and heated to predetermined temperatures. After the specimens were cooled to ambient temperature, long-term loading was applied and kept constant for 98 d and 192 d and axial deformations due to the creep effect were recorded. The specimens were then compressed to failure. The residual compressive strength and residual compression stiffness were analysed to assess the effect of long-term loading on the post-fire mechanical behaviour of the specimens. It was found that long-term loading had a significant effect on the residual mechanical behaviour of fire-damaged RC stub columns. The fire-damaged specimens resulted in obviously increased creep during the loading period. Based on the model given in ACI 209R-92 and existing experimental data on fire-damaged concrete obtained previously by the authors, a fire-induced creep modification factor is proposed to predict the creep of fire-damaged concrete under long-term loading. It is recommended that the effect of creep should be taken into consideration in assessing fire-damaged RC columns.
Bearing capacity of circular footings resting on unsaturated desiccated soils
Authors: Lozada Catalina , Thorel Luc , Caicedo Bernardo
Published: February 2018

When a clayey soil is exposed to desiccation, water evaporates from the surface. During dry periods, the soil may suffer from shrinking phenomena, the saturation degree decreases and formation of cracks begins. At the same time, an overconsolidated soil appears at the surface of the deposit. Some previous studies devoted to this problem have highlighted the impact of cracks on desiccated profiles. However, these analyses have been carried out without considering the suction effect. The present study examines the specific case of the cracked soils found in the area of Sabana de Bogotá in Colombia. In this research, some soil models are tested using the Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux's geotechnical centrifuge. In this paper, the experimental procedure is first described. Then, the experimental results for the bearing capacity are presented. Finally, an analysis of the bearing capacity is carried out by considering the matric suction effect. This analysis compares different theoretical methods used to calculate the bearing capacity of shallow foundations resting on unsaturated soils with the experimental results obtained using the centrifuge. The results of the analysis underline the necessity of considering suction for the computation of the bearing capacity of unsaturated soils.
Wnt9a Promotes Renal Fibrosis by Accelerating Cellular Senescence in Tubular Epithelial Cells
Authors: Luo Congwei , Zhou Shan , Zhou Zhanmei , Liu Yahong , Yang Li , Liu Jiafeng , Zhang Yunfang , Li Hongyan , Liu Youhua , Hou Fan Fan , Zhou Lili
Published: February 2018

Cellular senescence is associated with renal disease progression, and accelerated tubular cell senescence promotes the pathogenesis of renal fibrosis. However, the underlying mechanism is unknown. We assessed the potential role of Wnt9a in tubular cell senescence and renal fibrosis. Compared with tubular cells of normal subjects, tubular cells of humans with a variety of nephropathies and those of several mouse models of CKD expressed high levels of Wnt9a that colocalized with the senescence-related protein p16INK4A. Wnt9a expression level correlated with the extent of renal fibrosis, decline of eGFR, and expression of p16INK4A. Furthermore, ectopic expression of Wnt9a after ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) induced activation of β-catenin and exacerbated renal fibrosis. Overexpression of Wnt9a exacerbated tubular senescence, evidenced by increased detection of p16INK4A expression and senescence-associated β-galactosidase activity. Conversely, shRNA-mediated knockdown of Wnt9a repressed IRI-induced renal fibrosis in vivo and impeded the growth of senescent tubular epithelial cells in culture. Notably, Wnt9a-induced renal fibrosis was inhibited by shRNA-mediated silencing of p16INK4A in the IRI mouse model. In a human proximal tubular epithelial cell line and primary renal tubular cells, Wnt9a remarkably upregulated levels of senescence-related p16INK4A, p19ARF, p53, and p21 and decreased the phosphorylation of retinoblastoma protein. Wnt9a also induced senescent tubular cells to produce TGF-β1, which promoted proliferation and activation in normal rat kidney fibroblasts. Thus, Wnt9a drives tubular senescence and fibroblast activation. Furthermore, the Wnt9a–TGF-β pathway appears to create a reciprocal activation loop between senescent tubular cells and activated fibroblasts that promotes and accelerates the pathogenesis of renal fibrosis.
Impairment of PPARα and the Fatty Acid Oxidation Pathway Aggravates Renal Fibrosis during Aging
Authors: Chung Ki Wung , Lee Eun Kyeong , Lee Mi Kyung , Oh Goo Taeg , Yu Byung Pal , Chung Hae Young
Published: February 2018

Defects in the renal fatty acid oxidation (FAO) pathway have been implicated in the development of renal fibrosis. Although, compared with young kidneys, aged kidneys show significantly increased fibrosis with impaired kidney function, the mechanisms underlying the effects of aging on renal fibrosis have not been investigated. In this study, we investigated peroxisome proliferator–activated receptor α (PPARα) and the FAO pathway as regulators of age-associated renal fibrosis. The expression of PPARα and the FAO pathway–associated proteins significantly decreased with the accumulation of lipids in the renal tubular epithelial region during aging in rats. In particular, decreased PPARα protein expression associated with increased expression of PPARα-targeting microRNAs. Among the microRNAs with increased expression during aging, miR-21 efficiently decreased PPARα expression and impaired FAO when ectopically expressed in renal epithelial cells. In cells pretreated with oleic acid to induce lipid stress, miR-21 treatment further enhanced lipid accumulation. Furthermore, treatment with miR-21 significantly exacerbated the TGF-β–induced fibroblast phenotype of epithelial cells. We verified the physiologic importance of our findings in a calorie restriction model. Calorie restriction rescued the impaired FAO pathway during aging and slowed fibrosis development. Finally, compared with kidneys of aged littermate controls, kidneys of aged PPARα
−/− mice showed exaggerated lipid accumulation, with decreased activity of the FAO pathway and a severe fibrosis phenotype. Our results suggest that impaired renal PPARα signaling during aging aggravates renal fibrosis development, and targeting PPARα is useful for preventing age-associated CKD.
Farklı oranlarda CrC partikül takviyesi kullanılarak toz metalürjisi yöntemiyle üretilmiş Cu matrisli kompozit malzemelerin mikroyapı ve mekanik özelliklerinin incelenmesi
Authors: UZUN Mahir , MÜNİS Mehmet Mehdi , USCA Üsame Ali
Published: February 2018

Bu çalışmada, toz metalürjisi (T/M) yöntemi
kullanılarak farklı oranlarda CrC partikülleri, Cu matrisi içerisinde
kullanılarak Cu matrisli kompozit malzeme üretimi amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaçla Saf
Cu tozu içerisine CrC partikülleri ağırlıkça %5, %10,  %15 ve %20 olmak üzere farklı oranlarda
katılmıştır. Hazırlanan karşımlar 450 MPa basınç altında şekillendirilmiştir.
Şekillendirilen parçalar 950 0C’de 60 dakika boyunca
sinterlenmiştir. Sinterleme işleminin başarısı yoğunluğun ve SEM görüntülerinin
incelenmesi ile değerlendirilmiştir. Üretilen kompozit malzemelerin mikroyapı
ve mekanik özellikleri incelenmiştir. Mikroskop incelemeleri taramalı elektron
mikroskobu (SEM) kullanılarak yapılmıştır. Yapılan SEM incelenmesinde, eş
eksenli tanelerden oluşan Cu matrisi içerisinde CrC fazının dengeli dağıldığı
gözlenmiştir. Yapılan sertlik ölçümlerinde, CrC oranı arttıkça buna bağlı
olarak sertliğin arttığı gözlenmiştir.
Culture and social environment in the pre-colonial era
Authors: Mzamane Mbulelo Vizikhungo
Published: February 2018

...
Minding the Protest: Attitudes towards different forms of protest action in contemporary South Africa
Authors: Bohler-Muller Narnia , Roberts Benjamin James , Struwig Jare , Gordon Steven Lawrence , Radebe Thobeka , Alexander Peter
Published: February 2018

This article focuses on providing new insights into the nature of public opinion about protest action in South Africa. Since the mid-2000s the country has experienced one of the world’s highest levels of popular protest and strike action, combined with the recent resurgence of an active student protest movement. Sociological research into these protests has suggested that they represent distinct phenomena and that local protests have assumed plural forms that cut across simple violent/non-violent and orderly/disorderly binary distinctions. Despite the rapid growth of literature on South African protests, surprisingly little is known about public opinion relating to various forms of protest. Consequently, this article aims to examine differences with regard to the acceptability, perceived effectiveness and participation in respect of three categories of protest action, namely orderly, disruptive and violent protests. The article uses data from a protest module included as part of the 2016 round of the South African Social Attitudes Survey, a nationally representative series conducted annually by the Human Sciences Research Council. Apart from determining the nature and extent of variation in opinion regarding the three types of protest action on aggregate, the article explores patterns of similarity and differentiation across societal groups, based on class, age, race, gender and geography. Finally, we analyse how and for whom perspectives on the three forms of protest have changed over the course of a generation by drawing on functionally equivalent data collected in 1995. The article concludes by reflecting on whether the evidence supports key hypotheses regarding the ‘rebellion of the poor’1 in the country.
Interlinking of Indian Rivers : An Answer to Eco-Sustainability?
Authors: PMishra Gaurav K. , Dubey Nilesh , Bagla Hemlata
Published: February 2018

Water is the most precious gift of nature to life on earth. India is one of the few countries in the
world which has ample quantity of this prized possession. However, the imbalances have
thrown up many debatable issues, one of them being the Inter-linking of Rivers (or ILR). The
Interlinking of Rivers programme is aimed at linking different surplus rivers of country with
deficient ones to probably help in increasing irrigation intensity in the country, increasing water
availability for both drinking and industrial purposes, mitigating effects of droughts and floods to
a certain extent. The paper focuses of certain factual understanding of the project and its feasibility
towards making water a more sustainable resource on planet Earth.
Field experimental data for crop modeling of wheat growth response to nitrogen fertilizer, elevated CO2, water stress, and high temperature
Authors: Kassie Belay T. , Kimball Bruce A. , Jamieson Peter D. , Bowden J. W. , Sayre Ken D. , Groot J. J. , Pinter Paul J. , LaMorte Robert L. , Hunsaker Douglas J. , Wall Gerard W. , Leavitt Steven W. , White Jeffrey W. , Asseng Senthold
Published: February 2018

Field experimental data of five experiments covering a wide range of growing conditions are assembled for wheat growth and cropping systems modeling. The data include an experiment on interactive effects of elevated CO2 by water and elevated CO2 by nitrogen fertilizer application from a Free-Air Carbon Dioxide Enrichment experiment (FACE) at Arizona in USA; a nitrogen rate fertilizer experiment from three locations and two years in The Netherlands; water deficit experiments at Lincoln in New Zealand and at Cunderdin in Australia; and a temperature sensitivity experiment at Obregon in Mexico. The data consist of 65 experimental treatments with more than 1000 detailed observations, with time series of development and growth, soil water and soil nitrogen dynamics, yield and yield components, daily weather, soil characteristics, and cultivar descriptions. These data have been used in various previous agronomic and crop modeling studies. Assembled data are quality checked and supplied in Agricultural Model Inter-comparison and Improvement (AgMIP) format. Data access via DOI 10.7910/DVN/V4P6PU.
Field data set of different cropping systems for agro-ecosystem modelling from MÃ¼ncheberg, Germany
Authors: Mirschel Wilfried , Barkusky Dietmar , Kersebaum Kurt Christian , Laacke Liane , Luzi Karin , Rosner Gunhild , Wenkel Karl-Otto
Published: February 2018

A coherent field dataset (1993-1998) for three different cropping systems (intensive, organic, extensive) under rainfed conditions on the basis of the identical crop rotation (sugar beet - winter wheat - winter barley - winter rye - catch crop) located at the Experimental Station with sandy soils (Eutric Cambisol) of the Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF) MÃ¼ncheberg, Germany, is described in detail. Soil and crop processes as well as meteorological parameters were intensively monitored and all agro-management actions were meticulously recorded. The dataset contains data for crop (ontogenesis, plant, tiller and ear numbers, above-ground and root biomasses, yield, carbon and nitrogen content), soil (water and nitrogen contents), weather (all essential meteorological parameters) and management (soil tillage, sowing, fertilization, harvest). Additional the data set contains the meta-information for the observations. The dataset was used within the international workshop â€œModelling Water and Nutrient Dynamics in Soil-Water Systemâ€ with the participation of 18 different models from nine countries. The dataset is available via the Open Research Data Portal at ZALF MÃ¼ncheberg and is published under DOI 10.4228/ZALF.1992.167.
Stability analysis of disease reactions and yield of green gram [Vigna radiate (L.)Wilczck ] against Anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum truncatum
Authors: Marak Tania , Mahapatra Sunita , Das Srikanta
Published: February 2018

Experiment was conducted during 2012- 2014 to screen 41 green gram genotypes against anthracnose (Colletotrichum truncatum) under the effect of challenge inoculation both in vivo and in field at university research farm AB block, Gayespur and Jaguli, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, West Bengal, India. Attempt was also made to evaluate the stability in yield and disease reactions under this specific biotic stress. Under in-vivo condition all the 38genotypes were found to be moderately resistant except three Sonali, PM-4 and Pusa- 1174 showed moderately susceptible reaction. Whereas, in field stability analysis showed that four genotypes TARM- 18, CZMK-1, PM-D5 and Sukumar were resistant, three genotypes were moderately susceptible (Sonali, PM-4 Pusa-1174) and 34 genotypes showed moderately resistant reaction. Whereas, among the 34 moderately resistant genotypes, 18 genotypes RMG-62 , RVSM-14, NVL- 638, HUM-16, Utkarsha, CZMS-1, AKMN-09-02, ML-1464, KM12-29, AKM-10-13, PM-2, PUSA 0932, RMG- 975, IPM- 306-6, MB-37, IPM-3/2-2, ML-1741 appeared to be stable for disease reaction and yield with high regression co- efficient (bi>_1 ) and low deviation from regression. (s2di less than 1).
Care of the Neonate on Nasal Continuous Positive Airway Pressure: A Bedside Guide
Authors: Guay Jennifer M. , Carvi Dru , Raines Deborah A. , Luce Wendy A.
Published: February 2018

Respiratory distress continues to be a major cause of neonatal morbidity. Current neonatal practice recommends the use of nasal continuous positive airway pressure (nCPAP) in the immediate resuscitation and continued support of neonates of all gestations with clinical manifestations of respiratory distress. Despite the many short- and long-term benefits of nCPAP, many neonatal care units have met resistance in its routine use. Although there have been numerous recent publications investigating the use and outcomes of various modes of nCPAP delivery, surfactant administration, mechanical ventilation, and other forms of noninvasive respiratory support (high-flow nasal cannula, nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation), there has been a relative lack of publications addressing the practical bedside care of infants managed on nCPAP. Effective use of nCPAP requires a coordinated interprofessional team approach, ongoing assessment of the neonate, troubleshooting the nCPAP circuit, and parent education.
Acid Suppression for Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease in Infants
Authors: Rostas Sara E. , McPherson Christopher
Published: February 2018

Gastroesophageal reflux is a normal physiologic occurrence that is common throughout infancy and usually resolves on its own. Infrequently, reflux causes complications and turns into gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), which may warrant intervention. Available interventions vary in invasiveness and supporting data may be lacking for efficacy and safety. Nonpharmacologic interventions are first-line therapy for GERD in infants, whereas pharmacologic and surgical approaches are controversial. Efficacy data are limited for pharmacologic strategies for infantile GERD and safety data have demonstrated serious risks, especially in younger infants. Utilization of these medications should be approached cautiously in this population, if appropriate diagnostic techniques determine acid suppression could be beneficial. A robust monitoring plan with frequent reassessment of need for therapy may optimize benefit and minimize risk.
Tasarım Çalıştayları (Workshopları) ve Çağdaş Tasarım Eğitiminde Önemi
Authors: İnce Metin , Işır Yarkataş Öznur
Published: February 2018

Bu çalışmada, yaygın eğitim etkinliklerinden olan çalıştaylar tanımlandıktan sonra sınırlılıkları, avantajları, dezavantajları, süreleri, konuları, mekanları, katılımcıları, düzenlenme nitelikleri açısından incelemiştir. Türkiye’de gerçekleştirilmiş önemli etkinliklerden örnekler tanıtılmış, çalıştayların tasarım eğitiminde önemine değinilmiş ve bu konuda eğitimcilerin fikirlerine yer verilmiştir.Bilgi çağında bir tasarımcının sahip olmasını beklediğimiz özelliklerin sadece örgün eğitim sistemi ile kazandırılamayacağı, bazılarının ancak yaygın eğitim ortamlarında kazandırılabileceği pek çok eğitimci tarafından kabul görmüştür. Bunun için çalıştayların eğitim sistemine entegre edilmesi, çalıştayları gerçekleştiren kuruluşlar hakkında öğrencilere bilgi verilmesi ve öğrencilerin bu tarz etkinliklere erişimlerinin desteklenmesi gerektiği vurgulanmıştır. 
Cumhuriyet Dönemi Özgün Baskıresmi İçinde Litografi (Taşbaskı) Sanatının Gelişimi
Authors: Keskin İsmail
Published: February 2018

Litografi (taşbaskı), imgelerin ve yazıların kağıda çalışır gibi taş yüzeyine resmedilmesine olanak tanıyan bir baskıresim tekniğidir. Diğer baskı tekniklerine göre daha işlevsel yapısı, görsel etki

zenginliği ve hızlı basım olanaklarıyla icadından kısa süre sonra bütün dünyaya yayılmıştır. Fazla zaman geçmeden ülkemize, İstanbul’a da getirilmiştir. Avrupalılaşma ideallerinin başlamasıyla, Osmanlı’nın son dönemlerinde ülkemize giren teknik, halk hikayelerinin görselleştirilmesinde

önemli bir araç olmuştur. Tasvirin yasak sayılması, litografinin imkanlarında güzel yazı geleneğiyle bütünleşmiş seyirlik resimler ile yıkılmış, batılı resim anlayışının başlangıcı niteliğindeki resimler

yaygınlaşmıştır.

1800’lerin sonlarında yurt dışına eğitim için gönderilen yetenekli asker öğrenciler, Avrupa resmini öğrenip İstanbul’a döndüklerinde Türk topraklarında akademik sanat eğitimi ve baskıresmin

kurumsallaşmasına öncülük etmişlerdir.

Osman Hamdi Bey’in Kurduğu Sanayi-i Nefise Mektebi Alisi akademik sanat eğitiminin ilk

önemli kurumu olmuş, Harp Okulu’nda Hoca Ali Rıza Bey litografiyi öğreterek Türkiye’de akademik baskıresmin temellerini atmıştır. 1936’da ülkemize davet edilen Fransız sanat eğitimcisi Leo-

pold Lévy Akademi’de, litografi donanımını da bünyesinde barındıran ilk özgün baskıresim atölyesini kurmuştur. Ciddi işleyen bir litografi atölyesi ise ancak 1950’li yıllarda yürürlüğe girmiştir.

Bu araştırmada, akademik anlamda ilk sanatsal litografilerin ortaya çıkışı, İstanbul ve

Anadolu’da sanat eğitimi kurumlarında atölyelerin yaygınlaşması, 1960’lı yılların başından itibaren ivme gösteren özgün baskıresim içinde, litografinin gelişim hareketleri, öncü sanatçılar ve

sanat eğitimi kurumlarının tekniği yaşatma çabaları ele alınacaktır. 
Identifikasi Gen Ketahanan terhadap (Xanthomonasoryzae pv. Oryzae), penyebab Penyakit Hawar Daun Bakteri padaPlasma Nutfah Padi Lokal Sulawesi Selatan
Authors: Yuriyah Siti , Nurani Siti , Utami Dwinita W. , Silitonga Tiur S.
Published: February 2018

One of limiting factor in rice production especially in South Sulawesi was the bacterial leaf blight (BLB) caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. Oryzae (Xoo). In South Sulawesi, it had been reported that 58% Xoo of race III were dominant in Bone, Sopeng, Wajo, Sidrap, Barru, Pangkep. Meanwhile, 23% of race IV and 19% of race VIII were dominant in Maros. The effort that considered the most effective to control BLB disease was the planting of resistant variety. The rice variety assembling by using the resistance genes from various cultivars gave the opportunity to produce the BLB-resistant variety. This research aimed to identify BLB disease-resistant gene on local rice germplasm from South Sulawesi based on the association analysis between phenotype resistance and genotype marker of resistance gene to Xoo. The analysis of phenotype resistance testing was done by using three races of BLB, races III, IV, and VIII with IRBB differential varieties. Meanwhile, the genotype analysis was done by using the molecular marker linked to BLB-resistant trait. For linkage analysis between the both of data was done the association analysis between the both of data with Cladogram analysis on Tassel Program. The resistance testing result showed almost all of the local rice in South Sulawesi was resistant to race III, 6 accessions were resistant to race IV and 6 accessions were resistant to race VIII. The association analysis result was known the markers that significant to mark the resistance trait from every race. Marker Xa26-SN2 was significant to mark the resistance trait to race III, the marker Xa1-SN15, Xa4-SN44, Xa13-SN51, and Xa21-SN6 were significant to race IV, marker Xa7-SN57 and RM20589 were significant to race VIII. These markers pottentially as a MAS (Marker Assisted Selection) markers that could be used to aasist the selection of local rice germplasm from South Sulawesi.
Keragaman Genetik Jeruk Fungsional Adaptif di Indonesia Berdasarkan Penanda RAPD (Random Amplified Polimorphic DNA)
Authors: Yulianti Farida , Palupi Norry Eka , Agisimanto Dita
Published: February 2018

ABSTRAK. Keragaman Genetik Jeruk Fungsional Adaptif di Indonesia Berdasarkan Penanda RAPD (Random Amplified Polimorphic DNA) (Genetic Diversity of some Functional Citrus Adapted in Indonesia based on RAPD Markers). Farida Yulianti, Norry Eka Palupi dan Dita Agisimanto. Identifikasi keragaman sumber daya genetik tanaman diperlukan dalam pengelolaan suberdaya genetik tanaman dan seleksi dalam pemuliaan tanaman. Penelitian ini melaporkan penggunaan primer RAPD untuk analisis keragaman dan pencarian identitas spesifik 16 aksesi jeruk fungsional adaptif di berbagai daerah Indonesia.  Keseragaman genetik diestimasi berdasarkan pola pita DNA yang dihasilkan oleh 4 primer RAPD menggunakan NTSYS versi 2.10. Metode UPGMA digunakan untuk membuat dendrogram dari semua primer yang digunakan. Primer RAPD mendeteksi 507 pita DNA dari 114 sampai 140 pita DNA. Sebanyak 93.15% alel dari total 73 alel dijumpai polimorfis, dengan rata-rata PIC 0.924. Keragaman genetik 16 aksesi jeruk berkisar antara 0 – 53% dengan rata-rata kesamaan genetik sebesar 64%. Analisis kluster membagi ke 16 aksesi ke dalam 5 kelompok dengan karakter morfologi spesifik.  Pita DNA spesifik ditemukan oleh Primer RAPD OPC17(167, 416) pada aksesi daun yang memiliki petiole dan tipe trifoliata, OPD07(200, 330, 400) hanya pada jeruk purut, keprok tening, daun trifoliata,  OPH04(550, 583), membedakan JC dan K tening dan OPH15(235,280,320) membedakan jeruk medika dan trifoliata citrange/citrumelo. Keempat primer mendeteksi 2 aksesi (Ganesha Aceh dan Keprok Akyar) sama. Primer RAPD yang digunakan mampu membedakan aksesi jeruk fungional dengan efektif dan potensial untuk dirubah menjadi primer SCAR sebagai identitas SDG jeruk fungsional Indonesia.
KARAKTERISASI MIE MOJANG (MOCAF-JAGUNG) DENGAN PERBEDAAN JENIS DAN KONSENTRASI BAHAN PENGIKAT
Authors: Diniyah Nurud , Setiawati Denik , Windrati Wiwik Siti , Subagio Achmad
Published: February 2018

Mi merupakan makanan yang biasa dibuat dari terigu, tetapi juga dapat berasal dari beras, pati turunan kentang, singkong dan jagung. Secara umum, mi dibuat dari tepung, garam, air dan variasi bahan lain seperti bahan pengikat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh variasi penambahan bahan pengikat terhadap karakteristik sensori dan fisik mie mojang serta mendapatkan proporsi penambahan bahan pengikat yang tepat sehingga menghasilkan mie mojang dengan karakteristik yang baik. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) 1 faktor yaitu variasi penambahan bahan pengikat (telur, gum xanthan dan tepung konjak) dan dilakukan 3 kali pengulangan. Parameter sensori meliputi kesukaan terhadap warna, aroma, rasa, kekenyalan, penerimaan umum, dan sifat fisik (warna, tekstur, cooking loss dan daya kembang) merupakan parameter yang diamati untuk menentukan perlakuan terbaik. Produk terbaik dibandingkan dengan kontrol mie yang terbuat dari 100% terigu serta dilakukan analisis proksimat. Hasil uji efektifitas menunjukkan bahwa penambahan bahan pengikat konjak 0,75% merupakan perlakuan terbaik dengan penerimaan sensori meliputi kesukaan terhadap warna 3,5; aroma 3,0; rasa 2,9; kekenyalan 3,7; penerimaan umum 3,6; karakteristik fisik seperti chroma 29,51; Hue° 118,23; tekstur 14,475 kg/s2; cooking loss 11,62%; daya kembang 123,33%; dan karakteristik kimia meliputi kadar air 30,96%; abu 1,12%; lemak 0,79%; protein 2,95% dan karbohidrat 64,53%. Dengan demikian, nutrisi yang kaya tersebut dalam mi mojang akan sangat bagus sebagai sumber makanan instan.
Estado del arte de los usos del sensor Kinect v2. Aplicación a un módulo interactivo para un museo de ciencias
Authors: Bermejo Navarro Fulgencio
Published: February 2018

El presente artículo analiza el estado del arte de los usos de la Interacción Persona-Ordenador (IPO) presentados en las dos últimas ediciones del CHI (congreso sobre los factores humanos en sistemas con ordenador) y se estudia una posible aplicación en los módulos interactivos de los museos de ciencias en donde se use el sensor Kinect para Windows en su versión 2 (v2) y su Paquete de Desarrollo de Software.
Biomechanics of human walking and stability descriptive parameters
Authors: Bertomeu-Motos Arturo
Published: February 2018

From the time of Aristotle onward, there have been countless books written on the topic of movement in animals and humans. However, research of human motion, especially walking mechanisms, has increased over the last fifty years. The study of human body movement and its stability during locomotion involves both neuronal and mechanical aspect. The mechanical aspect, which is in the scope of this thesis, requires knowledge in the field of biomechanics. Walking is the most common maneuver of displacement for humans and it is performed by a stable dynamic motion. In this article it is introduced the bases of the human walking in biomechanical terms. Furthermore, two stability descriptive parameters during walking are also explained - Center of Pressure (CoP) and Zero-Moment Pint (ZMP).
Uso de interfaces cerebro-computador para la decodificación de la cinemática de miembro superior e inferior
Authors: Alarcón-Domínguez Javier
Published: February 2018

El desarrollo a principios del siglo XX de la técnica de la electroencefalografía por parte de Hans Berger abrió las puertas a la investigación de las señales cerebrales, aunque hubo que esperar hasta finales de siglo para que tuvieran lugar las primeras investigaciones importantes en este campo. En la actualidad, el enfoque más importante de las interfaces cerebro-computador (BCI) es el médico. Esta tecnología tiene la posibilidad de ayudar a aquellos individuos que presenten algún tipo de discapacidad motora a volver a interaccionar con el entorno de forma normal. Dentro de ese enfoque, en este artículo se destaca la opción de poder decodificar el movimiento de las extremidades superiores e inferiores a partir de las señales cerebrales registradas. Esto permitiría que el individuo pudiera controlar dispositivos electrónicos de rehabilitación o prótesis robóticas a través de la interfaz cerebro- computador. Así mismo la metodología de este procedimiento presenta numerosas posibilidades y combinaciones por lo que aquellos investigadores que estén interesados disponen de un campo muy amplio en el que desarrollar su actividad.
El apoyo docente a las necesidades psicológicas básicas en las actividades acuáticas escolares: estudio observacional
Authors:   Universidad de Zaragoza, Casterad Seral Jaime , Estrada Marcén Nerea Cristina ,   Universidad de Zaragoza, Herrero Nivela María Luísa ,   Universidad de Zaragoza
Published: February 2018

Antecedentes: La percepción del estudiante hacia el desarrollo de las necesidades psicológicas básicas en la educación física escolar ha sido analizado en numerosos estudios; pero son muy escasos los estudios centrados en esa línea en las actividades acuáticas y más aún, en el análisis del comportamiento docente en este ámbito. Objetivos: El propósito de este trabajo se ha centrado en el diseño y aplicación de un instrumento de observación válido para la evaluación del comportamiento docente hacia la promoción de las necesidades psicológicas básicas de los estudiantes en el desarrollo de contenidos acuáticos de educación física en educación primaria. Método: Aplicando la metodología observacional en contexto natural, se elabora un instrumento de observación de diseño observacional ideográfico, de seguimiento y multidimensional, aplicándose posteriormente en el desarrollo de una unidad didáctica de educación física escolar en el medio acuático. Resultados: Durante las intervenciones del profesor, principalmente se han observado de forma constante, eventos relacionados con las dimensiones autonomía, competencia y relación social; principalmente se desarrollan secuencias del tipo autonomía-relación social y competencia-relación social que llegan a definir patrones temporales en la intervención docente. Conclusiones: Este estudio pone de manifiesto que durante las sesiones de educación física escolar en el medio acuático se puede promocionar, por parte del profesorado y de forma efectiva, el desarrollo de los niveles de autonomía, percepción de la competencia y de relación social de los estudiantes. Palabras clave: Teoría de la autodeterminación, metodología observacional, educación física, estilo docente.
Actividades acuáticas en educación, la actividad deportiva extraescolar y el nivel de actividad física deportiva
Authors:   Grupo de Investigación SAFE, Universidad de Murcia, España, Manzano Sánchez David , Vivó López Guillermo ,   Grupo de Investigación SAFE, Universidad de Murcia, España, Valero-Valenzuela Alfonso ,   Grupo de Investigación SAFE, Universidad de Murcia, España
Published: February 2018

Antecedentes: La demanda de actividades deportivas acuáticas en los centros escolares y deportivos ha aumentado en los últimos años, en parte gracias a los beneficios que supone sobre la salud y el desarrollo motriz del estudiante. Objetivos: El objetivo principal de este estudio fue determinar la relación existente entre las actividades acuáticas en clases de educación física, la actividad deportiva extraescolar y el nivel de actividad física deportiva en estudiantes de 5º y 6º de Educación Primaria. Método: La muestra del estudio fue de 368 participantes pertenecientes a cuatro centros educativos de la Región de Murcia (España), dos de los cuales contaban con instalaciones acuáticas, mientras que los otros dos centros no disponían de este tipo de instalaciones. Se utilizó una batería de preguntas para conocer el tipo de actividad física deportiva extraescolar y el número de horas semanales dedicadas a dichas actividades. Resultados: Los resultados mostraron que existían diferencias a nivel de actividades acuáticas extraescolares entre los centros con práctica acuática escolar y aquellos otros que no cuentan con dicha oferta académica y un tamaño del efecto moderado a favor de los estudiantes con instalaciones acuáticas respecto al nivel de actividad física deportiva y la realización de actividades extraescolares. Conclusiones: Los estudiantes que practican actividades acuáticas en clases de educación física realizan más actividad física deportiva acuática extraescolar y tienden a ser más activos.