bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Manejo quirúrgico del hipertiroidismo durante el embarazo. Artículo de revisión
Authors: Bastidas Guarín Claudia , Perdomo Giraldo Gustavo , Abreu Lomba Alin , Cifuentes Borrero Rodrigo , Martínez Buitrago Diana Milena
Published: November 2019

Durante el embarazo hay cambios en la fisiología de la tiroides, caracterizados por el aumento de las concentraciones de globulina fijadora de tiroides, tiroxina y triyodotironina que aumentan en casi un 50%; esto también aumenta los requerimientos de yodo. El hipertiroidismo se caracteriza por una disminución de la hormona estimulante de la tiroides (TSH) y niveles altos de hormonas tiroideas: la tiroxina (T4), la triyodotironina (T3), que complica a 1-2 mujeres por cada 1.000 embarazos, ocurre primero como una enfermedad de la glándula tiroides. La enfermedad severa ocurre entre 0.1-1 por ciento de embarazos. Puede manifestarse como hipertiroidismo manifiesto o subclínico. Debido a los cambios en la fisiología de la tiroides durante el embarazo, se recomienda su uso para el diagnóstico de la enfermedad tirodia durante el embarazo, rangos de referencia de TSH y T4L específicos para cada población y para cada trimestre. Para el tratamiento del hipertiroidismo en el embarazo, se recomienda el uso de Propylthiuracil de acuerdo con el trimestre. Esta es la opción en el primer trimestre y el metimazol en el segundo y tercer trimestre. Estas recomendaciones se basan en el riesgo de hepatotoxicidad y teratogenicidad. El tratamiento quirúrgico en mujeres embarazadas con hipertiroidismo también es una opción disponible durante el embarazo, indicada en ciertos casos en los que el manejo médico no puede ser tolerado por las alergias a las tionamidas o la agranulocitosis como efecto secundario. Se realiza una revisión de la literatura y presentación de 3 casos.
Síndrome de Leriche: reporte de caso y revisión de literatura
Authors: Díaz Romero Johann , Idrobo Paredes Alexis , Guerrero Eraso Sofía
Published: November 2019

Se describe el caso de un paciente con factores de riesgo elevados para enfermedad ateroesclerótica que ingresó por dolor en miembros inferiores asociado a úlcera en glande y muñón de pie derecho, además de claudicación intermitente, impotencia sexual y ausencia de pulsos en miembros inferiores, fue valorado integralmente por múltiples especialidades confirmando el diagnóstico de Síndrome de Leriche, quien por su alto compromiso requirió de amputación del miembro inferior derecho. Nuestro interés es resaltar la importancia del examen físico vascular periférico como método de sospecha diagnóstica para la oportuna intervención del paciente con enfermedad vascular periférica y así prevenir futuras complicaciones.
Manejo de la endometriosis rectovaginal: revisión de la literatura
Authors: López Giraldo Julian Fernando , Serrano Perea Eliana María , Saavedra Saavedra Jaime
Published: November 2019

La endometriosis es la presencia de tejido endometrial fuera del útero, es una enfermedad ginecológica benigna y crónica. una de las localizaciones en la presentacion de esta enfermedad es en la zona rectovaginal, como una de sus formas más severas, la cual se asocia a síntomas graves, como dolor pélvico crónico, dismenorrea y disquecia, con implicaciones importantes como alteraciones en la funcionalidad gastrointestinal y su asociación con alteraciones en la fertilidad de las pacientes que lo presentan. En este artículo realizamos una revisión de la literatura, acerca de esta patología, su presentación clínica, diagnóstico, alternativas en el tratamiento, tanto médico como quirúrgico, y las complicaciones que se pueden ver en este tipo de pacientes.
Analysis of cross matching to transfusion ratio of blood components in blood bank SKIMS, Soura: a prospective one year study
Authors: Kour Supinder , Yasmeen Irm , Jan Aleem , Singh Balwinder
Published: November 2019

Background: Blood requisitions received in blood bank for elective and emergency procedures from surgery, trauma, Obstetrics and Gynaecology Department are often associated with excessive demand for cross matching of blood which is often more than the required blood and blood components. In this study, our goal was to use the blood stocks more efficiently and reduction in the wastage due to over dating and to prevent injudicious pre-operative cross-matching and utilization of blood.Methods: This was a prospective study conducted in the Department of Blood Transfusion and Immunohematology of Sher-i-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences (SKIMS), Soura, Srinagar over a period of one year with effect from September 2017 to August 2018. Source was requisition forms and blood bank records of patients who underwent elective procedures in the hospital. For the purpose of analysis, departments were categorized into surgical and allied branches i.e Cardiovascular Surgery (CVTS), Neurosurgery, General Surgery and Obstetrics and Gynaecology. Department wise utilization of blood Components cross matching to Transfusion ratio (C/T), transfusion probability (T%) and Transfusion Index (TI) were calculated. Data was entered and analyzed using Microsoft excel window 2010. The obtained data was evaluated and presented in the tabular and diagrammatic forms.Results: A total of 3940 requests for cross matching of blood and its components were received for 3072 patients. Out of these, 2048 units were transfused. The total C/T Ratio, Transfusion Probability (T%) and Transfusion Index (TI) was 1.92, 42.5% and 0.6 respectively.Conclusions: To reduce the injudicious usage of blood, blood transfusion services need to adopt blood conserving policies. Efforts should be made to adopt more conservative transfusion thresholds, periodic feedback to improve blood ordering, conduct regular auditing, handling, distribution and utilization practices of this scarce resource.
A prospective and observational study on complications of type 2 diabetes mellitus in correlation with body mass index
Authors: Siddarama R. , Thrinath G. , Bhagyasree J. , Anjum S. Afshaan , Anjanamma R.
Published: November 2019

Background: The aim of this study is to observe the prevalence of complications of diabetes mellitus (Type 2) among patients and to minimize their occurrence through patient education. The study helps to assess the clinical data of patients with diabetes mellitus (Type 2) along with the analysis of patterns, frequencies and predictive factors of microvascular, macrovascular complications and to educate and minimize the complications of diabetes mellitus among patients.Methods: Prospective and observational study was conducted among the type 2 diabetes mellitus patients at Sree Diabetes Clinic for a period of 6 months. The patients were interviewed using the patient data collection form which included demographic details, chief complaints and different diagnostic tools to detect type of complications. Both micro and macrovascular complications were evaluated.Results: A total of 150 type 2 diabetic cases were collected. Out of these 38(25.33%) patients were having BMI <25, and 112(74.67%) were having BMI ≥25 (overweight and obese). Out of 150 diabetic cases collected, a total of 131 diabetic complications were found. Out of these, 64(42.6%) were neuropathy, 3(2%) were nephropathy, 20(13.3%) were retinopathy and 17(11.3%) were having cardiovascular complications. Out of 112 patients with BMI ≥25, 60(54%) were found to have diabetic complications and out of 38 patients with BMI <25, 18(47%) were found to have diabetic complications. 90 out of 150 patients had a history of hypertension and 17 out of 150 patients had an abnormal lipid level.Conclusions: In this study, author found that obesity is a major risk factor for the development of diabetes mellitus and its complications.
Large axillary accessory breast hamartoma: a rare entity
Authors: Premi Vimugdha , Arora Manali , Syed Anjum , Gupta Priyanka , Sharda Prateek , Ravi Bina
Published: November 2019

Hamartomas are uncommon benign tumours of axilla and breast. They show varied imaging appearances depending upon the proportion of various tissue elements present. The mammographic, ultrasound and elastographic appearances of a case of left axillary hamartoma is described in a 49 years old Indian patient.
A study on associated risks of smoking, alcohol and smokeless tobacco on hypertension among advocates
Authors: Edward Shanthi , Periasamy Praveena
Published: November 2019

Background: Advocates, being stressed out and depressed in the law profession due to unstable work pattern, work overload and lack in coping up skills. They thrive a lot to survive in the profession. In such circumstances, lawyers may lean on alcohol or tobacco. In view of above issues, one of the main objectives of the study is to evaluate the association between use of alcohol, tobacco, smoking and hypertension among practising advocates.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in a sample of 300 practising advocates at Madurai district court for a period of 1 year by simple random sampling method. Data was collected using structured interview schedule and analysed using SPSS.Results: Around 263 (87.66%) study participants were non-smokers and 37 (12.33%) were tobacco smokers. Among the tobacco smokers, a majority of 24 (64.86%) were found to be hypertensives (p=0.002). In the current study among the alcohol consumers, a majority of 26 (55.32%) were hypertensives and among the non-consumers of alcohol, only 38.34% were hypertensives (p=0.044).Conclusions: Advocates being professionals are well educated, informative and aware of complications. Adoption of healthy life style practices, the prevalence of hypertension may be reduced among the advocate community. Life style modifications such as cessation of smoking, alcohol and tobacco should be adopted. Promotive activities like arrangement of health camps in the court, health education, counselling on self-care, stress bursting leisure time activities would reduce the dependency on tobacco and alcohol.
A cross-sectional study on health related behaviors among swimming pool users and sanitary conditions of swimming pools in Hubballi city
Authors: Bathija Geeta V. , Narasimha Roopakala
Published: November 2019

Background: With evolving and advancing civilization, man-made water recreational environments such as swimming pools, not only offer health promotions and social benefits but are also accompanied with health risks. It is necessary to properly manage and consistently monitor swimming pool to make sure about water treatment methods and health, to protect health of the users. This study aimed to assess the health related behaviours in swimming pool users and to study sanitary condition of swimming pool.Methods: A cross-sectional study done in Hubballi city among swimming pool users. A semi-structured pre-tested self-administered questionnaire applied to 200 participants of 3 swimming pools. Data collected regarding socio-demographic details, swimming pool regulations, health related events and health benefits and sanitary conditions of swimming pool.Results: Among 200 participants, 65% were males and 35% were females. 78.5% of the participants had knowledge about swimming pool regulation. 68% had unhealthy habits in swimming pool, among these 62% had at least one reported symptom. 73% of males had unhealthy habits and 57% had at least one reported symptom (p<0.05 significant). As the experience in swimming increases, unhealthy habits decreases (p<0.05 significant) and symptoms will be decreased (p<0.05 significant).Conclusions: In our study majority of the participants had unhealthy habits and knowledge about swimming pool regulations. All swimming pools were chlorinated and pH was maintained within WHO recommended guidelines.
Determinants of utilization of health services
Authors: Arora Manisha , Koshy George , Gangadharan Vandana
Published: November 2019

Background: Health care in India is a complex amalgam involving various stakeholders. For decades it has been a neglected area with reluctance in increasing the inputs such as finance or infrastructure required to drive this system. Utilization and access to this health system is a key indicator and major determinant of health seeking behaviour.Methods: This community based cross sectional study was conducted from January-February 2016 in, the urban slum located in a metro city using a pretested, semi-structured questionnaire. The data was analyzed using SPSS 22.Results: More than half of the participants preferred to seek treatment from a public health care facility compared to a private. One of the most predominant determining factors on choosing a particular health facility was affordability. Main barriers perceived in utilization of health services were long waiting time at the health facility and expenditure on treatment.Conclusions: The key for ensuring adequate and appropriate utilization of health care services is in having an efficient government health care delivery system which can offer quality and affordable medical care to one and all.
Assessment of knowledge, attitude and practice towards e-learning among undergraduate medical students, Andhra Medical College, Visakhapatnam
Authors: Vadlamani Sarada , Kandipudi Lakshmi Prasad , Bhimarisetty Devi Madhavi
Published: November 2019

Background: E-learning refers to utilization of internet technologies to enhance knowledge and performance of the learners and to improve the effectiveness of educational interventions. From the review of literature it was evident that e-learning has gained popularity in past decade, however its use is variable among medical colleges. The objectives of the present study were to assess knowledge, attitude and practice towards e-learning among undergraduate medical students.Methods: A cross-sectional study was done among 150 medical students (50 each from 1st, 2nd and 3rd year) of Andhra Medical College, Visakhapatnam in the Month of December 2018. A pre-tested semi-structured questionnaire was administered to access the knowledge and practices. Students’ responses in attitude were collected and rated on 5-point Likert scale from 1=strongly disagree to 5=strongly agree. Results are displayed in frequencies and proportions. A p value of <0.05 is considered as statistically significant.Results: A total of 150 undergraduate medical students were included, among them 67 (40.6%) were males, 98 (59.4%) were females. Majority were aware of e-learning. Nearly 46.7% students used both laptop and smart phones for purpose of e-learning. About 53% were confident in using software applications. Most of students agreed that e-learning has important role in acquiring clinical skill along with other learning methods and 88% of students agreed that it should be supplemented in regular teaching curriculum. The 3rd year students were found to have better attitude towards e-learning than other students.Conclusions: Majority felt that e-learning plays an important role in acquiring clinical skill along with other learning methods in educational institute. So, there is need to provide necessary infrastructure and include e -learning as a part of curriculum in medical education.
El autor como marca o las inestabilidades de la fama: el caso Rowling
Authors: Cordón-García José-Antonio , Muñoz-Rico María
Published: November 2019

Se estudia la importancia de la imagen de marca de un autor, y la importancia que tiene para su visibilidad. Se analiza del caso de J.K Rowling como ejemplo de migración desde su nicho original, la literatura infantil y juvenil, a la literatura de adultos, estudiando los indicadores de visibilidad como ediciones de su obra, presencia en las listas de más vendidos, presencia web, y aparición en bases de datos nacionales e internacionales. Se discute la viabilidad de salir del nicho de mercado amparado por estructuras editoriales y comunicativas consolidadas, empleando además el expediente del anonimato.
Vegetation Drought Dynamic Analysis in European Russia
Authors:   Samara National Research University, Moskovskoe Shosse 34А, Samara, Russia, 443086, Boori Mukesh ,   University of Rennes 2, Rennes, France,   American Sentinel University, Colorado, USA, Paringer Rustam ,   Samara National Research University, Moskovskoe Shosse 34А, Samara, Russia, 443086,   Image Processing Systems Institute of RAS - Branch of the FSRC "Crystallography and Photonics" RAS, Molodogvardejskaya street 151, Samara, Russia, 443001, Choudhary Komal ,   Samara National Research University, Moskovskoe Shosse 34А, Samara, Russia, 443086,   University of Rennes 2, Rennes, France,   The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, Kupriyanov Alexander ,   Samara National Research University, Moskovskoe Shosse 34А, Samara, Russia, 443086,   Image Processing Systems Institute of RAS - Branch of the FSRC "Crystallography and Photonics" RAS, Molodogvardejskaya street 151, Samara, Russia, 443001
Published: November 2019

This research work deals with the spatial-temporal characteristics of the relationship between drought events (Standardized Precipitation Index [SPI]), land surface temperature (LSI) and vegetation indexes (VIs) in the spring-summer (May-August) over the European Russia (ER) from 2000 to 2018. We use Terra- MODIS - NDVI and LST product and TRMM for rainfall data. Statistical results indicate that year 2004, 2009 and 2015 were the most significant changing-point in mean annual rainfall values and VIs. Results indicate that vegetation area and VIs variate according to SPI values. Analysis results also indicate that low NDVI values (0.2-0.4) shift in high NDVI values (0.5-0.8) with high SPI values and viceversa, also high LST values associated with low VIs values and vice-versa, with correlation coefficients 0.90, means high-temperature show low vegetation. Correlation analysis of VIs, SPI and LST deficit shows that vegetation is closely related to rainfall and temperature, especially under the dry and wet conditions and indicates that this correlation can use for nearreal-time monitoring of vegetation drought dynamics. All predictions and monitoring using satellite-derived VIs is a low cost and effective means of identifying longer-term changes as opposed to natural inter-annual variability in vegetation growth.
Adaptive interpolation of multidimensional signals for compression on board an aircraft
Authors:   Samara National Research University, Moskovskoe Shosse 34А, Samara, Russia, 443086, Glumov Nikolay ,   Image Processing Systems Institute of RAS - Branch of the FSRC "Crystallography and Photonics" RAS, Molodogvardejskaya street 151, Samara, Russia, 443001, Gashnikov Mikhail ,   Samara National Research University, Moskovskoe Shosse 34А, Samara, Russia, 443086,   Image Processing Systems Institute of RAS - Branch of the FSRC "Crystallography and Photonics" RAS, Molodogvardejskaya street 151, Samara, Russia, 443001
Published: November 2019

We consider the compression of multidimensional signals on the aircraft board. We describe the data of such signals as a hypercube, which is "rotated" in a special way. To compress this hypercube, we use a hierarchical compression method. As one of the stages of this method, we use an adaptive interpolation algorithm. The adaptive algorithm automatically switches between different interpolating functions at each signal point. We perform computational experiments in real-world multidimensional signals. Computational experiments confirm that the use of proposed adaptive interpolator allows increasing (up to 31%) the compression ratio of the “rotated” hypercube corresponding to multidimensional hyperspectral signals.
Islamic branding, religiosity and consumer decision on products in IAIN Salatiga
Authors: Trishananto Yudha
Published: November 2019

Islamic branding practices have recently been the main discussions within practitioners' and academicians' in the recent years. Several experts reported that Islamic branding concept has attracted interests of many companies. Muslim consumers are to be more selective in consuming their products. The labelling of halal may not always guarantee that the product is. This study aims at finding out how Islamic branding influences consumers' decision and whether consumers' religiosity correlates with Islamic branding and their decision in choosing products. The population of this research academic community of IAIN Salatiga. The samples of this research are 100 randomly chosen participants. A 5-scale Likert questionnaire was used in this study and was then analysed using double linear regression model. The results indicated that Islamic branded has the power of 9.4 % in influencing customers' decision. Meanwhile, 90.6 % of customers' decision was influenced by other factors. Additionally, religiosity as the moderating variable weakens the correlation between Islamic branding variables and customers' decision.
Light conditions alter accumulation of long chain polyprenols in leaves of trees and shrubs throughout the vegetation season.
Authors: Bajda Agnieszka , Chojnacki Tadeusz , Hertel Józefina , Swiezewska Ewa , Wójcik Jacek , Kaczkowska Alicja , Marczewski Andrzej , Bojarczuk Tomasz , Karolewski Piotr , Oleksyn Jacek
Published: December 2019

In many plants belonging to angiosperms and gymnosperms the accumulation in leaves of long chain polyprenols and polyprenyl esters during growth in natural habitats depends on the light intensity. The amount of polyprenols in leaves is also positively correlated with the thickness of the leaf blade (SLA, specific leaf area). The polyprenol content of leaves shows seasonal changes with a maximum in autumn and a minimum in early summer with the difference between poorly and well illuminated plants persisting throughout the vegetation season.
Melanin synthesis in microorganisms--biotechnological and medical aspects.
Authors: Plonka Przemyslaw M , Grabacka Maja
Published: November 2019

Melanins form a diverse group of pigments synthesized in living organisms in the course of hydroxylation and polymerization of organic compounds. Melanin production is observed in all large taxa from both Pro- and Eukaryota. The basic functions of melanins are still a matter of controversy and speculation, even though their adaptative importance has been proved. Melanogenesis has probably evolved parallel in various groups of free living organisms to provide protection from environmental stress conditions, but in pathogenic microorganisms it correlates with an increased virulence. The genes responsible for melanization are collected in some cases within operons which find a versatile application in genetic engineering. This review summarizes current views on melanogenesis in Pro- and Eukaryotic microorganisms in terms of their biotechnological and biomedical importance.
Reduction of nitroaromatic compounds by NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase (NQO1): the role of electron-accepting potency and structural parameters in the substrate specificity.
Authors: Miseviciene Lina , Anusevicius Zilvinas , Sarlauskas Jonas , Cenas Narimantas
Published: November 2019

We aimed to elucidate the role of electronic and structural parameters of nitroaromatic compounds in their two-electron reduction by NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase (NQO1, DT-diaphorase, EC 1.6.99.2). The multiparameter regression analysis shows that the reactivity of nitroaromatic compounds (n=38) increases with an increase in their single-electron reduction potential and the torsion angle between nitrogroup(s) and the aromatic ring. The binding efficiency of nitroaromatics in the active center of NQO1 exerted a less evident role in their reactivity. The reduction of nitroaromatics is characterized by more positive entropies of activation than the reduction of quinones. This points to a less efficient electronic coupling of nitroaromatics with the reduced isoalloxazine ring of FAD, and may explain their lower reactivity as compared to quinones. Another important but poorly understood factor enhancing the reactivity of nitroaromatics is their ability to bind at the dicumarol/quinone binding site in the active center of NQO1.
Haemoglobin scavenger receptor: function in relation to disease.
Authors: Zuwała-Jagiełło Jolanta
Published: November 2019

Highly efficient systems remove the toxic and proinflammatory haemoglobin from the circulation and local sites of tissue damage. Macrophages are major haemoglobin-clearing cells; CD163 was recently recognized as the specific haemoglobin scavenger receptor (HbSR). It is tightly involved in both physiological as well as pathophysiological processes, such as cytoprotection and inflammation. Haemoglobin functions as a double-edged sword. In moderate quantities and bound to haptoglobin, it forms a ligand for haemoglobin scavenger receptor CD163/HbSR, but when unleashed in large amounts, it can become toxic by mediating oxidative stress and inflammation. CD163/HbSR plays a crucial role in the control of inflammatory processes, probably in part through its effects on both ferritin induction and subsequent induction of antiinflammatory pathways through interleukin-10 and haem oxygenase. Besides the observation that the haemoglobin scavenger receptor provides a promising target for new treatment possibilities, it offers a novel view on the aetiology of diverse physiological as well as pathophysiological processes. In addition, monocyte CD163/HbSR and soluble CD163/HbSR are potential diagnostic tools in a variety of disease states, such as inflammation, atherosclerosis, transplant rejection, and carcinoma.
Allelic polymorphism of endothelial NO-synthase gene and its functional manifestations.
Authors: Dosenko Victor E , Zagoriy Vyacheslav Y , Haytovich Nikolay V , Gordok Olga A , Moibenko Alexey A
Published: November 2019

Investigation of the mechanisms of phenotypic realization of allelic polymorphism of the eNOS gene has shown that the level of eNOS mRNA and activity of this enzyme in platelets depends from genotype. We identified a T(-786)-->C polymorphism in the promoter region, a variable number of tandem repeats (4a/4b) in intron 4 and the G(894)-->T polymorphism in exon 7 of the eNOS gene in isolated human platelets. We measured eNOS mRNA in isolated platelets by reverse transcription-PCR and eNOS enzyme activity by fluorimetric detection system FCANOS-1 using diaminofluorescein diacetate (DAF-2A). It was shown that the level of eNOS mRNA is the lowest for the -786C/C promoter genotype. In exon 7 homozygotes (894T/T) the level of RNA is lower than in normal homozygotes (894G/G), but higher than in heterozygotes (894G/T). The eNOS activity in platelets is lower in carriers of the 786C/C promoter genotype than in normal homozygotes (2.1 times; P=0.03), and lower comparing to heterozygotes (2.9 times; P>0.05). The eNOS activity accompanying the 894T/T variant of exon 7 is also lower than in normal homozygotes (P>0.05). Regarding the polymorphism in intron 4 - the enzyme's activity is lower in carriers of the 4a/4a genotype comparing to normal homozygotes (1.7 times; P>0.05) and lower than in heterozygotes (1.9 times; P>0.05). These results allow one to conclude that the T(-786)-->C polymorphism of the eNOS gene promoter most significantly affects the gene expression and eNOS activity.
Screening of chromosomal region 21q22.3 for mutations in genes associated with neuronal Ca2+ signalling in bipolar affective disorder.
Authors: Kostyrko Andrzej , Hauser Joanna , Rybakowski Janusz K , Trzeciak Wiesław H
Published: November 2019

The therapeutic effect of lithium in bipolar affective disorder may be connected with decreasing intracellular Ca(2+) concentrations. Several linkage studies have identified a potential bipolar affective disorder susceptibility locus within chromosomal region 21q22.3. This locus contains two genes expressed in the brain - ADARB1 and TRPM2 - involved in regulating intracellular Ca(2+) concentrations. The aim of this study was an identification of mutations in the coding sequences of ADARB1 and TRPM2 and their association with bipolar affective disorder. For that purpose we screened 60 patients with bipolar affective disorder and a control group of 66 subjects using single strand conformation polymorphism and sequence analysis. For rapid screening we performed restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. Screening of bipolar affective disorder patients for mutations in TRPM2 led to identification of three novel and four known transitions. Two transitions resulted in the substitutions: R755C and A890V. Screening of the coding sequence of ADARB1 did not reveal any mutations except one already known transition. A comparison of the transition frequency in patients and controls does not support association of the detected mutations with bipolar affective disorder. According to our results, bipolar affective disorder may not be caused by mutations in ADARB1. However, this study does not exclude TRPM2 as a candidate gene since we have screened only about 30 per cent of the entire coding sequence of this large gene.
CD40 stimulation induces differentiation of acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells into dendritic cells.
Authors: Luczyński Włodzimierz , Stasiak-Barmuta Anna , Iłendo Elzbieta , Krawczuk-Rybak Maryna , Malinowska Iwona , Mitura-Lesiuk Małgorzata , Parfieńczyk Adam , Szymański Marcin
Published: November 2019

Despite the very high percentage of long-term remissions in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) in children, some of them suffer from recurrence of the disease. New treatment modalities, e.g. effective geno- and immunotherapy are needed. The use of neoplasmatic cells to present tumor antigens is one of the approaches in cancer vaccines. ALL cells lack the expression of costimulatory molecules and are poor antigen presenting cells (APCs) for T-cell activation. CD40/40L interaction stimulates B-cells to proliferate, differentiate, upregulate costimulatory molecules and increase antigen presentation. The aim of the study was to test the hypothesis that ALL cells can be turned into professional APCs by CD40L activation. Children with B-cell precursor ALL were enrolled into the study. Mononuclear cells from bone marrow or peripheral blood were stimulated with CD40L and interleukin 4.
1) after culture we noted upregulation of all assessed costimulatory, adhesion and activatory molecules i.e. CD1a, CD11c, CD40, CD54, CD80, CD83, CD86, CD123, HLA class I and II; 2) CD40L activated ALL cells induced proliferation of allogeneic T-cells (measured by [(3)H]thymidine incorporation). These results confirm the possibility of enhancing the immunogenicity of ALL cells with the CD40L system and indicate that this approach can be used in immunotherapeutic trials.
Investigation of cgrA and cyp51A gene alternations in Aspergillus fumigatus strains exposed to kombucha fermented tea
Authors: Nazemi Ladan , Hashemi1 Seyed Jamal , Daie Ghazvini Roshanak , Saeedi Mina , Khodavaisy Sadegh , Barac Aleksandra , Modiri Mona , Akbari Dana Maryam , Zare shahrabadi Zahra , Rezaie Sassan
Published: December 2019

Background and Purpose: Aspergillus fumigatus is one of the most common opportunistic fungus, which causes infection in immunocompromised and neutropenic patients. The current guidelines recommend voriconazole as the initial therapeutic and prophylactic agent for almost all cases, especially in patients with organ transplants, which leads to increased medication resistance in A. fumigatus. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the antifungal activity and effect of kombucha as a natural compound on A. fumigatus growth, as well as on the expression of cgrA and cyp51A genes.
Materials and Methods: A panel of 15 A. fumigatus strains with two quality controls of CM237 and CM2627 as susceptible and resistant strains were obtained from Tehran Medical Mycology Laboratory, Tehran,Iran(TMML).Antifungal susceptibility testing assay was performed according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) M38-A2 document. Moreover, the mycelial dry weight of the fungus was calculated before and after being treated with kombucha. In addition, the quantitative changes in the expression of cgrA and cyp51A genes were analyzed by real-time polymerase chain reaction (real-time PCR) technique. 
Results: In the present study, the minimum inhibitory concentration ranges of kombucha were measured at 6,170 and 12,300 μg/mL for ten A. fumigatus azole-susceptible strains and 24,700 μg/mL for five A. fumigatus resistant strains. Moreover, changes in mycelial dry weight under kombucha treatment conditions underwent a significant reduction (P≤0.05). A coordinate down-regulation of expression in cgrA and cyp51A genes was observed in all azole-susceptible and -resistant A. fumigatus strains, after treating the fungus with different concentrations of kombucha (P≤0.05).
Conclusion: According to the obtained results, kombucha as a natural antioxidant , can exert inhibitory effects against the growth and expression of some genes in A. fumigatusstrains.
VERBALIZATION OF “FAMILY” AS A CULTURAL NOTION IN THE NOVELS “WAR AND PEACE” BY L. TOLSTOY AND “IN CHANCERY” BY J. GALSWORTHY
Authors: V. Garipova Elza , A. Ayupova Roza , M. Markova Elena
Published: December 2019

Purpose: The paper is devoted to the study of verbalizing the social and cultural notion "family" in the second volume of the novel “War and Peace” by L. Tolstoy and the novel “In Chancery” by J. Galsworthy. It describes the stylistic devices enabling to realize positive and negative connotative components of the meaning of linguistic units verbalizing the notion “family”. Methodology: In order to achieve the goal of our research we conducted a thorough comparative analysis of the texts of the works under study. Result: The results of our study allow us to draw a conclusion regarding the linguistic means enabling to realize ameliorative and pejorative connotative components in the meaning of the word “family” used in combination with it. Furthermore, the evidence from this study allowed us to compare the images of the British and Russian in the studied works represented by the analyzed linguistic means. Applications: This research can be used for universities, teachers, and students. Novelty/Originality: In this research, the model of Verbalization of “Family” as a Cultural Notion in the Novels “War and Peace” BY L. Tolstoy and “In Chancery” by J. Galsworthy is presented in a comprehensive and complete manner.
Fuerza Aérea y conflicto en el Caribe colombiano, 1980-2010
Authors: Esquivel Triana Ricardo
Published: November 2019

Este artículo describe el contexto del conflicto armado en el Caribe colombiano que incidió en las operaciones de la Fuerza Aérea entre las décadas de 1980 a 2000. Aparte de la variedad geográfica de la región se ha soslayado describir lo complejo del desafío para que la Fuerza Aérea garantice la soberanía en una región donde se intersectan factores internacionales, nacionales, el conflicto armado y la criminalidad. Dada la persistencia del conflicto armado en Colombia y el mismo período a considerar se asume un enfoque metodológico enmarcado en la historia inmediata. Ello además porque todavía se desconocen todos los efectos de lo acontecido y también porque permite participar en el debate socio-político sobre la memoria del conflicto. El artículo describe tres procesos, el primero cuando los grupos armados y las autodefensas ilegales ganaron la iniciativa con sus exacciones. El segundo referido al nexo entre el vuelco estratégico militar, por ejemplo la Fuerza Aérea con los Black Hawk, y las dinámicas en varias zonas del Caribe. El tercer proceso establece algunos hitos que conducirían al debilitamiento de los grupos y autodefensas ilegales.
Estudio aerodinámico computacional en la entrada de un scramjet aplicando el efecto tubérculo
Authors: Lara Ríos Jorge David , López Bueno Andrés Enrique , Rodríguez Barón Iván Felipe
Published: November 2019

Este trabajo se basa en la implementación de biomimética, específicamente en el efecto tubérculo que se presenta normalmente en el borde de ataque de las aletas pectorales de la ballena jorobada (Megaptera novaeangliae), el cual permite aumentar su impulso por medio de la canalización del flujo; de acuerdo a ello se analizan estas características en el vehículo hipersónico aeroespacial brasilero (VHA 14-X B), el cual es una aeronave experimental que opera a velocidades superiores de mach 7 y condiciones atmosféricas de 30 kilómetros de altitud impulsado por un scramjet. Con el fin de aumentar las propiedades de rendimiento del VHA (Vehículo Hipersónico Aeroespacial) se verifica la viabilidad que tiene la implementación del efecto tubérculo en el dispositivo de entrada (etapa de compresión) del mismo, analizando sus propiedades aerotermodinámicas utilizando la herramienta de simulación computacional ANSYS-FLUENT, donde se proponen diferentes configuraciones de tubérculos variando su geometría y posición en la aeronave. Luego se simulan las condiciones atmosféricas en donde opera el VHA, modificando los diferentes ángulos de ataque que presenta la aeronave durante su operación donde se denotó que hay mayor eficiencia para ángulos negativos, aumentando las propiedades del flujo como la presión, la densidad y la temperatura.
New Science-Intensive Technologies for Electrophysical and Chemical Treatment of Aerospace Parts
Authors: Kushnarenko S.B. , Fomichev A.O. , Astakhov Y.P. , Bogdanov K.A. , Perepechkin A.A. , Belov I.I.
Published: December 2019

The paper examines effective hybrid technologies that combine electrophysical and electrochemical methods and enable treatment of parts with different nomenclature. New treatment methods, electrophysical and chemical, are pre-defined for processing conductive materials. By introducing combined treatment methods that bring together ultrasound, electrochemistry and electrical discharge it is possible to boost the treatment process, solve fundamental process tasks that are demanded by industry, and improve the quality of the treated surface. An analysis of the electrical discharge drilling method with an ultrasonic field activation is carried out. The disadvantages of the combined treatment method with the application of ultrasonic oscillations to workpiece are identified. Recommendations are given on determining and justifying the effective application of each method by taking into account the degree of complexity of the treated objects, the materials used and the type of appropriate production. A hybrid electrochemical-electrical discharge CNC machine is developed.
The Outlaw Machine, the Monstrous Outsider and Motorcycle Fetishists: Challenging Rebellion, Mobility and Masculinity in Kenneth Anger’s Scorpio Rising and Steven Spielberg’s Duel
Authors: Boczkowska Kornelia
Published: November 2019

The paper analyzes the ways in which Kenneth Anger’s Scorpio Rising (1963) and Steven Spielberg’s Duel (1971) draw on and challenge selected road movie conventions by adhering to the genre’s traditional reliance on cultural critique revolving around the themes of rebellion, transgression and roguery. In particular, the films seem to confront the classic road movie format through their adoption of nomadic narrative structure and engagement in a mockery of subversion where the focus on social critique is intertwined with a deep sense of alienation and existential loss “laden with psychological confusion and wayward angst” (Laderman 83). Following this trend, Spielberg’s film simultaneously depoliticizes the genre and maintains the tension between rebellion and tradition where the former shifts away from the conflict with conformist society to masculine anxiety, represented by middle class, bourgeois and capitalist values, the protagonist’s loss of innocence in the film’s finale, and the act of roguery itself. Meanwhile, Anger’s poetic take on the outlaw biker culture, burgeoning homosexuality, myth and ritual, and violence and death culture approaches the question of roguery by undermining the image of a dominant hypermasculinity with an ironic commentary on sacrilegious and sadomasochistic practices and initiation rites in the gay community. Moreover, both Duel’s demonization of the truck, seen as “an indictment of machines” or the mechanization of life (Spielberg qtd. in Crawley 26), and Scorpio Rising’s (homo)eroticization of a motorcycle posit elements of social critique, disobedience and nonconformity within a cynical and existential framework, hence merging the road movie’s traditional discourse with auteurism and modernism.
“Same Old Ed, . . . Uncommitted”: BMW Socialism and Post-Roguery in Guy Vanderhaeghe’s Early Fiction
Authors: Bolay Jordan
Published: November 2019

In this paper I assess how Guy Vanderhaeghe’s early fiction criticizes the class-based and civil movements of post-1960s Saskatchewan through the recurring character of Ed. The protagonist of “Man Descending” and “Sam, Soren, and Ed” from Man Descending, the uncollected “He Scores! He Shoots!” and the novel My Present Age, Ed both condemns and epitomizes the contaminated and seductive gestures of the movements’ influences and enterprises. Vanderhaeghe deploys layers of social criticism: the first comments on the new urban progressive generation—the BMW socialists—while another manifests a counter-criticism that comments on those who challenge social progress, questioning their motives and the credibility of their critique. But what is a BMW socialist? A sociopolitical chameleon hiding behind pretense? Ed describes such a creature as a former “nay-sayer and boycotter” who “intended to dedicate his life to eternal servitude in a legal-aid clinic,” but then “affluence did him in” and now “his ass [is] cupped lovingly in the contoured leather seats of his BMW” (Man Descending 237–38). Vanderhaeghe’s early works criticize the contemporary middle class and progressivist movements of the second half of the twentieth century through this sociopolitical rogue—who in turn becomes a post-rogue. For Ed is ironically undercut by a counter-narrative that is often sub-textual, resulting in a fascinating appraisal of social ignorance, immobility, and unproductivity rather than of any specific ideology.
Aussies, Rogues and Slackers: Simon Hanselmann’s Megg, Mogg and Owl Comics as Contemporary Instances of Rogue Literature
Authors: Scott Ronnie
Published: November 2019

This paper examines the Megg, Mogg and Owl stories of Simon Hanselmann, an Australian artist whose serialized comics both depict acts of contemporary roguery committed by a group of friends in an inner city sharehouse and test the generic limits of its own storytelling conventions, thereby becoming contemporary instances of “rogue texts.” The paper positions the adventures of Megg, a witch, Mogg, her familiar, Owl, their housemate, and associated characters including Booger and Werewolf Jones as contemporary variations of both the Australian genre of grunge fiction and the broad international tradition of rogue literature. It shows how Megg, Mogg, Owl and their friends use the structure of the sharehouse to make their own rules, undertake illegal behaviour, and respond to the strictures of mainstream society, which alongside legal restrictions include normative restrictions on gender and behaviour. It shows the sharehouse as a response to their economic, as well as cultural and social conditions. The paper then shows how Megg and particularly Owl come up against the limitations of the permissiveness and apparent security of their “rogue” society, and respond by beginning to “go rogue” from the group. Meanwhile, the text itself, rather than advancing through time, goes over the same chronology and reinscribes it from new angles, becoming revisionist and re-creative, perhaps behaving roguishly against the affordances of episodic, vignette form. The paper argues that Simon Hanselmann’s Megg, Mogg and Owl comics can be understood as contemporary rogue texts, showing characters responding to social and generic limits and expressing them through a restless and innovative comics text.
Theater Without a Script—Improvisation and the Experimental Stage of the Early Mid-Twentieth Century in the United States
Authors: Szuster Magdalena
Published: November 2019

It was in the mid-twentieth century that the independent theatrical form based entirely on improvisation, known now as improvisational/improvised theatre, impro or improv, came into existence and took shape. Viola Spolin, the intellectual and the logician behind the improvisational movement, first used her improvised games as a WPA worker running theater classes for underprivileged youth in Chicago in 1939. But it was not until 1955 that her son, Paul Sills, together with a college theater group, the Compass Players, used Spolin’s games on stage. In the 1970s Sills made the format famous with his other project, the Second City. Since the emergence of improv in the US coincides with the renaissance of improvisation in theater, in this paper, I will look back at what may have prepared and propelled the emergence of improvised theater in the United States. Hence, this article is an attempt to look at the use of improvisation in theater and performing arts in the United States in the second half of the 20th century in order to highlight the various roles and functions of improvisation in the experimental theater of the day by analyzing how some of the most influential experimental theaters used improvisation as a means of play development, a component of actor training and an important element of the rehearsal process.
Konsep Jurnalisme Dakwah Dalam Mencegah Tindak Korupsi
Authors: Qudratullah Qudratulah
Published: November 2019

Orientasi jurnalisme dakwah harus lebih mengedepankan perbaikan kualitas dunia pers dibandingkan dengan keuntungan media semata. Jurnalisme dakwah menjadi inovasi terbaru dunia jurnalistik yang jauh dari penyimpangan-penyimpangan atas relasi yang terjalin dengan para pejabat. Tindakan korupsi menjadi salah satu penyimpangan yang menjadi perhatian penuh masyarakat karena dampak yang sangat merugikan bagi bangsa dan negara. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini mengangkat masalah mengenai konsep jurnalis dalam mencegah tindak korupsi. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian kualitatif deskriptif. Penelitian ini menggunakan kajian kepustakaan dengan mengkaji literatur-literatur yang dikumpulkan mengenai ilmu jurnalistik dan tindak korupsi yang diintegrasikan dengan ilmu dakwah. Kemudian dianalsis dengan konklusi data terlebih dahulu, kemudian display data dan gambaran kesimpulan. Hasil yang ditemukan mengungkapkan bahwa jurnalisme dakwah harus dapat berkontribusi dalam mencegah tindak korupsi melalui keterampilan kejurnalistikan yang diintegrasikan dengan konsep-konsep dakwah. Jurnalis dakwah yang dimaksud bukanlah berarti jurnalis yang beragama Islam tetapi jurnalis yang mengaplikasikan nilai-nilai dakwah dalam kegiatan jurnalistik yang dilakoni. Jurnalisme dakwah akan meliput berbagai peristiwa kemudian melaporkannya dengan menyebarluaskan kepada masyarakat melalui media massa dengan informasi yang mengandung ajakan, seruan, dan panggilan kepada jalan kebaikan. Jurnalisme dakwah akan selalu berpegang teguh pada prinsip menyuruh pada yang ma’ruf dan mencegah dari yang munkar. (The preaching journalism orientation should consider the better quality of journalism itself rather than the media benefit. Preaching journalism becomes the newest innovation in journalism which far from the official relations’ distortion. Corruption becomes one of the forms of distortion which take the society’s biggest attention because its impact is so harmful for both society and nation. Therefore, this study is trying to convey the journalist’ concept in preventing our nation from corruption. The kind of descriptive qualitative method is proposed in this study. This study is dealing with the literary study by analyzing literatures about journalism and acts of corruption integrated with preaching knowledge. Then it was first analyzed using data collection, data display and conclusion. The result of the research discovered that preaching journalism should give some contributions on preventing corruption through journalistic skill being integrated with preaching concepts. Preaching journalist is not necessarily a Muslim but a journalist who is applying the preaching values in their journalistic activities. The preaching journalism covers the news then they will report it by telling the society through mass media with information containing invitation, exclamation and calling to the good deed. The preaching journalism will always stick on their principle to persuade people to do good deed and preventing the bad.)