bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fatores associados ao aumento do risco de quedas em idosos: uma abordagem multidimensional
Authors: Araújo Melquesedec Pereira de , Ribeiro Aclênia Maria Nascimento , Nascimento Marineide Gomes do , Toussaint Luciana Spindola Monteiro , Araújo Cyntia Aquino , Evangelista Luciana Almeida Cruvinel , Mororó Joilsa Mendes , Vale Carolina Silva , Vidal Felipe Nascimento , Galvão Tatiana Custódio das Chagas Pires , Reis Lucyola Prudêncio de Morais dos , Nascimento Dhenise Mikaelly Meneses de Araújo do , Cardoso Maria de Lourdes Lima Oliveira , Oliveira Alycia Geovana Barros de , Melo Geovane Rodrigues
Published: January 2025

A queda é considerada um problema de saúde pública, uma vez que é responsável por lesões, fraturas e até óbitos, impactando assim, de maneira significativa a autonomia do indivíduo e a sua qualidade de vida. Esse desfecho é influenciado por uma variedade de fatores, compondo uma cadeia causal complexa. Nesse contexto, objetivou-se com este estudo investigar os fatores associados ao aumento do risco de quedas na população idosa. Foi utilizada uma abordagem teórica e reflexiva, apoiando-se em uma ampla gama de estudos disponíveis nas bases de dados Scientific Electronic Library Online (SCIELO), Literatura Latino-Americana em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS) e National Library of Medicine (MEDLINE). Os resultados destacaram a complexidade desse fenômeno sob uma perspectiva multidimensional, revelando que as quedas são influenciadas por uma combinação de fatores biológicos, psicológicos, sociais e ambientais, que interagem de maneira significativa. Dessa forma, enfatiza-se a necessidade de uma abordagem integrada que considere não apenas as condições de saúde física dos idosos, mas também aspectos como a sua saúde mental, o suporte social disponível e as características do ambiente em que vivem. Além disso, observa-se a importância da formação contínua de profissionais de saúde, capacitando-os para identificar e abordar os riscos de quedas em suas práticas, visto que a promoção de um ambiente seguro e o fortalecimento do suporte social são fundamentais para reduzir a incidência de quedas e suas consequências.
CHALLENGES IN REGISTERING SMELL MARKS: A GLOBAL PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Dwivedi Poonam
Published: January 2025

Objective: The primary objective of this study is to explore the challenges and barriers associated with the registration of smell marks, a category of non-traditional trademarks. Specifically, it aims to examine the technical, legal, and commercial issues surrounding the registration process, as well as to analyze the current legal frameworks governing smell marks across various jurisdictions.
 
Method: This research employs a qualitative approach, reviewing relevant literature, international legal frameworks such as TRIPS and WIPO, and analyzing major judicial decisions regarding the registration of smell marks. The study also compares different national policies and judicial interpretations to understand the variations in the registration process and challenges faced by businesses.
 
Results: The findings indicate that the primary challenges in registering smell marks stem from the lack of standardized testing methods for scent identification, the subjectivity of scent perception, and the absence of universally accepted graphical representations. Additionally, while international agreements have made strides toward unification, significant disparities in national laws persist. The study also highlights the commercial value of smell marks in industries such as perfumes and food, noting that these challenges hinder their full potential. The research proposes improvements in technological innovation, research, and international collaboration to standardize the registration process and enhance the protection of smell marks in global markets.
THE HISTORY OF THE RUSSIAN LANGUAGE
DEPARTMENT FOR FOREIGN STUDENTS
AT THE FACULTY OF PHILOLOGY
Authors: Krasilnikova L.V.
Published: January 2025

The article reveals the specifics of the work of the Russian Language
Department for Foreign Students of Philology. The formation of the department, its
development and the current state are considered. Special stages in the history of
the department are highlighted. It contains a brief overview of academic papers,
educational publications prepared by the staff of the department, describes regular
academic and methodological conferences and other scholarly, methodological and
extracurricular activities.
TH E HISTORY OF FINNO-UGRIC STUDIES AT MOSCOW
UNIVERSITY
Authors: Bratchikova N.S. , Remneva M.L.
Published: January 2025

Finno-Ugric studies at Moscow University as a field dates back about
two centuries. The analysis of the early stages of the formation and development of
Finno-Ugric studies contributes to the understanding of its modern problems. The
history of the area under consideration makes it possible to realize the continuity of
the scholarly tradition, as well as to see research and educational prospects. The
article provides a brief analysis of the activities of Russian pre-revolutionary scholars such as M.V. Lomonosov, F.E. Korsh, F.F. Fortunatov, A.I. Sobolevsky,
A.A. Shakhmatov, and their Soviet followers: D.V. Bubrich, V.I. Lytkin, V.A. Zvegintsev, A.I. Kuznetsova. All of them have made a huge contribution to the development
of Russian Finno-Ugric studies. Their main academic works are listed: linguistic
bilingual dictionaries, grammars, monographs and textbooks. Finno-Ugric specialists conduct linguistic expeditions in places where representatives of this language
group live compactly. The received materials are published in the publications of
Moscow University, other regional and foreign universities. The modern Department
of Finno-Ugric Philology not only honors, but also actively continues the academic
and practical activities of its predecessors. A new direction in the scholarly and
teaching activities of the department is translation studies. It is introduced from the
first years of studing Finnish and Hungarian. The department expresses hope that
the current students will continue the activities started by great Russian scholars.
Employees of the department participate in forums, congresses, regional conferences, and cultural events dedicated to the traditions of the Finno-Ugric peoples
living in the territory of the Russian Federation. Interregional exchange of teachers
and researchers is actively underway.
55th VINOGRADOV READINGS
Authors: Onipenko N.K.
Published: January 2025

The article outlines the content of the papers read at the regular 55th
Vinogradov Readings at Moscow State University. The reports developed V.V. Vinogradov’s ideas, formulated by him in his works on the history of the Russian literary language, and also presented in the five-volume book Essays on the Historical
Grammar of the Russian Literary Language of the 19th Century, published 60 years
ago under the supervision of V.V. Vinogradov. The main attention in the papers was
paid to the results of micro- and nanodiachronic studies: changes that occurred and
are still occurring in morphological paradigms, in the semantics of specific words,
lexico-semantic complexes, and syntactic constructions.
THE 2024 LOMONOSOV READINGS AT MOSCOW
UNIVERSITY’S FACULTY OF PHILOLOGY
Authors: Lipgart Andrei A.
Published: January 2025

This article provides an overview of the three-day academic conference
Lomonosov Readings, which took place on 25–27 March 2024 at the Faculty of
Philology, Moscow State University. The report presents a wide range of scholarly
topics touched upon by the participants during the plenary as well as 25 breakout
sessions, with 152 reports presented. The participants included Professors, Associate Professors, lecturers, and research staff from all departments of the Faculty. There
were reports related to the broad range of issues connected to the work of the Departments in the field of philological disciplines, as well as theoretical and methodological aspects of their studying and teaching. This review shows the wide variety
of the research projects carried out by the Faculty members and their relevance to
the current academic trends.
ON SOME TRENDS IN CONTEMPORARY
ENGLISH STUDIES
Authors: Aleksandrova Olga V. , Gvishiani Natalia B. , Lipgart Andrei A.
Published: January 2025

The academic work at the Department of English Linguistics is organized along many directions, which were defined by the founders of the Department — A.I Smirnitskij and O.S. Akhmanova. Scholars work on the traditional spheres of the linguistic study, as well as new approaches, based on the interdisciplinary data which are received by the borderline spheres of knowledge, at the same time closely connected with philology, when a human being and his objective understanding of the surrounding world, as well as subjective attitude to it, is in the centre of attention. The article deals only with some very important aspects of the departmental work: pragmaphonostylistics, functional stylistics, cognitive approach to the study of the language, including corpus linguistics — a new directon which is indispensable for modern linguistics.
Silent threat in childhood: ischemic stroke in children: a comprehensive review of current insights and treatment options
Authors: Oleszczuk Anna , Kozieł Julia , Kosmala Szymon , Kufrejska Noemi , Hawranik Paweł , Jurkiewicz Katarzyna , Chrościńska-Krawczyk Magdalena
Published: January 2025

Background: Acute ischemic stroke (AIS) in the paediatric population is a significant disability-related health problem. Although the incidence of AIS in children is much lower than in adults, a child who has suffered a stroke may struggle with serious health consequences and long-term neurological deficits. Aim of the study: The purpose of this study is to make a comprehensive analysis of the latest research on acute ischemic stroke in children. Material and methods: The search was conducted using PubMed, Scopus and The Wiley Library databases. Of the 10,744 results, those that were the summary, were not in Polish or English, not human studies. Finally, forty-five articles in Polish or English were selected, with emphasis on the most recent information on the topic published no earlier than 2017.Results: The results of the article show the main risk factors and symptoms, which are sometimes difficult to spot, in children with ischaemic stroke. The paper emphasises the importance of rapid diagnosis, for example using MRI imaging, which allows faster recognition than traditional methods such as CT. It also points out that the use of thrombolytic therapy and mechanical thrombectomy in selected cases can improve prognosis.Conclusions: Raising parental awareness, early detection and successful treatment can significantly improve prognosis. Further research is essential and necessary to optimise the management of AIS in children for more effective therapeutic and preventive interventions.
Oportunidades y retos en la detección de amenazas cibernéticas con inteligencia artificial
Authors: Bermeo-Aucay Freddy Rafael , Barriga-Andrade Jhonattan Javier , Cuenca-Tapia Juan Pablo
Published: January 2025

Este artículo basado en un análisis documental y estudios recientes, explora las oportunidades y desafíos de la integración de la Inteligencia Artificial (IA) en la ciberseguridad del sector financiero. Se destaca cómo la IA supera las limitaciones de las soluciones tradicionales al detectar amenazas desconocidas en tiempo real, analizar patrones anómalos y automatizar respuestas. A pesar de su potencial, la adopción de IA enfrenta retos como la necesidad de infraestructuras robustas, personal especializado y altos costos, además de riesgos éticos relacionados con la privacidad y los sesgos algorítmicos. Sin embargo, sus beneficios incluyen la optimización de recursos, mayor resiliencia operativa y fortalecimiento de la confianza del cliente. Este estudio concluye que la implementación de la IA, basada en estrategias éticas y bien planificadas, puede transformar la seguridad financiera al mitigar amenazas y optimizar procesos, así también revela que, a pesar de los desafíos asociados a la implementación de la IA, su uso puede incrementar significativamente la resiliencia operativa y la confianza de los clientes en el sector financiero. Los resultados muestran que la IA puede reducir incidentes cibernéticos en un 40 % y optimizar recursos operativos, destacando su potencial transformador en el sector financiero.
AVANÇOS E PERSPECTIVAS NA ANESTESIA NEUROAXIAL: SEGURANÇA, EFICÁCIA E APLICAÇÕES CLÍNICAS MODERNAS
Authors: Fontes Gabriel , Silva Julia de Souza e , Ferreira Gabriel Vitor , Melado Sofia Boechat , Carvalho Guilherme Soares , Torres Julia Kalene Saraiva , Silvestre Leonardo Lanes Leite , Morejón Luís Pedro Cerqueira , Carvalho Laryssa Inácio , Nunes Matheus dos Santos , Canella Douglas Alves da Costa , Lima Yasmin do Carmo , Duarte Vitória Canto , Moura Henrique Gonçalo Pereira de , Araujo Blaude Gabriel Jacobina da Cruz
Published: January 2025

A anestesia neuroaxial, compreendendo técnicas como a anestesia espinhal e peridural, desempenha um papel central na anestesiologia moderna devido à sua ampla aplicabilidade e benefícios no manejo da dor perioperatória e pós-operatória. Este estudo revisou a literatura para analisar a eficácia, segurança e as aplicações clínicas modernas dessa técnica, considerada uma alternativa eficaz à anestesia geral, especialmente em cirurgias envolvendo o abdômen inferior, pélvis e extremidades inferiores, além de sua relevância em obstetrícia, pediatria e manejo da dor crônica. A revisão foi conduzida em bases de dados como PubMed, Scopus e SciELO, abrangendo publicações dos últimos 15 anos. Foram analisados estudos sobre os benefícios clínicos, como a redução de complicações respiratórias e tromboembólicas, menor necessidade de opióides e recuperação mais rápida, além dos riscos, como cefaleia pós-punção dural e hematomas epidurais. Também foram explorados avanços tecnológicos, como cateteres modernos e abordagens combinadas, que ampliam a eficácia e segurança da técnica em cenários complexos, incluindo cirurgias minimamente invasivas. Os resultados destacam que a anestesia neuroaxial promove analgesia eficaz, melhora os desfechos clínicos e reduz complicações associadas à anestesia geral. Inovações recentes permitiram expandir suas aplicações, otimizando a gestão da dor e o manejo cirúrgico. Embora apresente riscos, a avaliação criteriosa de contraindicações e o uso de técnicas modernas minimizam complicações. Este estudo reforça a relevância da anestesia neuroaxial na prática clínica e sugere que avanços contínuos podem aprimorar ainda mais os resultados para diferentes populações de pacientes, contribuindo significativamente para a anestesiologia contemporânea.
SMASH: An initiative for equitable access to precision medicine for rare or severe lipid disorders
Authors: Larouche Miriam , Abifadel Marianne , Catapano Alberico L. , Cuchel Marina , Santos Raul D. , Raal Frederick J. , Gaudet Daniel
Published: January 2025

Background. Despite significant improvements in our knowledge of the biological basis of rare or severe lipid disorders and the refinement of their clinical management, equity challenges and barriers to access are gradually emerging, particularly in low-middle-income countries or remote regions. SMASH (System and Molecular Approaches of Severe Hyperlipidemia) is a global initiative with the goal of making precision medicine innovations available without discrimination for patients affected by rare or severe lipid disorders. Objectives. SMASH main objective is to facilitate access to accurate diagnosis and optimal treatment for patients affected by rare or severe lipid disorders regardless of where they live, their gender, ethnicity, or socioeconomic status. Overview. SMASH is an international initiative comprising five interrelated components: SMASH-Access, -Natural History, -Trials, -e-Share, and -Biorepository. SMASH has selected as templates four severe lipid disorders that have in common the accelerated development of precise diagnosis and the emergence of innovative treatments that represent equity challenges: HoFH (homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia), persistent chylomicronemia, LCAT (lecithin-cholesterol acyl transferase) deficiency, and severely elevated Lp(a). Access issues are broad and not limited to clinical or socio-economic factors. Several environmental variables are also contributory.  Summary. SMASH is developed to conceive, support, or catalyze initiatives that might improve our understanding of rare or severe dyslipidemias and facilitate access to innovation for those affected. It will not duplicate ongoing initiatives but will support them. A system approach and a structured collaborative effort is mandatory to provide fair access to emerging treatments to patients in both developed countries and emerging economies.
Investigating plasma and brain cholesterol esterification in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Authors: Comi Chiara , Pavanello Chiara , Farè Matteo , Gerardi Francesca , Cerri Federica , Tremolizzo Lucio , Calabresi Laura
Published: January 2025

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal neurodegenerative disease, with metabolic alterations, abnormal cholesterol and lipid levels in the bloodstream and central nervous system (CNS). Similar to plasma, cholesterol in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is carried by lipoproteins known as "HDL-like particles," due to their close similarity in density and composition to plasma HDL. Lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) is a key enzyme in HDL metabolism, catalysing cholesterol esterification in both plasma and CSF, thus facilitating HDL maturation. This study aimed to investigate cholesterol esterification in plasma and CSF and to characterize HDL subclass distribution in patients with ALS. The study included 20 ALS patients and 20 controls, in whom lipoprotein profile and cholesterol esterification were evaluated in both plasma and CSF. Plasma lipid levels were similar between patients and controls; however, the amount of discoidal preβ-HDL was significantly reduced in ALS patients compared to controls (8.5±4.9% vs 13.6±4.1%, p<0.0001). A significant increase in CSF unesterified cholesterol levels was observed in ALS patients compared to controls (0.22±0.07 mg/dL vs 0.15±0.04 mg/dL, p<0.01), leading to an increased unesterified/total cholesterol ratio in ALS patients (0.52±0.12 vs 0.40±0.12, respectively). While plasma cholesterol esterification remained unchanged in ALS patients, the cholesterol esterification rate was significantly reduced in their CSF (0.12±0.08 vs 2.41±1.98, p<0.01), consistent with the previous data. In conclusion, these results suggest a hampered cholesterol esterification in the CSF of ALS patients. Whether this defect is related to the severity or progression of the disease remains to be defined.
Modulation of mitochondrial dynamism in Kupffer cells impacts systemic metabolism
Authors: Fantini Francesca , Da Dalt Lorenzo , Moregola Annalisa , Vingiani Giovanni Battista , Terenghi Ottavia , Donetti Elena , Roda Silvia , Uboldi Patrizia , Svecla Monika , Nour Jasmine , Bellini Rossella , Bonacina Fabrizia , Norata Giuseppe Danilo
Published: January 2025

Background: Kupffer cells (KCs) are hepatoresident macrophages that are essential for liver physiology and contribute to the development of nonalcoholic hepatic steatosis (NAFLD). The liver of patients with MAFLD shows different expressions of some key regulators of inner mitochondrial membrane fusion compared with healthy subjects, including OPA1 protein, which is a mitochondrial protein whose activity promotes mitochondrial fusion and modulation of oxidative phosphorylation. Aims: Given the close interaction that KCs have with cells in the hepatic niches, they play both a crucial immune and metabolic role, which is why their mitochondria are critical for their function. This project aims to investigate how modulation of OPA1-driven mitochondrial fusion in KCs can affect lipid metabolism and immune response at the systemic and hepatic levels. Methods: Mice selectively lacking OPA1 in the KCs were fed a Standard Diet or a High Fat Diet for 20 weeks. The immune phenotype was assessed by cytofluorimetry while the metabolic profile by in vivo indirect calorimetry and with plasma and tissue lipid profile analysis. Single cell RNA sequencing was also performed to profile the impact of OPA1 deficiency on KC function and possible paracrine effects on hepatocytes. Results: Under standard dietary conditions, mice selectively lacking OPA1 in KCs show a different metabolic substrate preference compared to wild type, with an immunophenotype characterized by a higher proportion of pro-resolution KC2 than pro-inflammatory KC1. Functionally, KCs also exhibit dissimilar phagocytic and proliferative capacity. During the high-fat diet, we observed a significant reduction in liver fibrosis. Conclusions: Taken together, these data suggest that OPA1 plays a key role in the function of Kupffer cells and that the lack of OPA1, causing metabolic reprogramming, affects their interaction with resident liver cells, influencing the development of fibrosis and the progression of MAFLD.
Neutrophil behavior during the metabolic adaptations to short term high fat feeding
Authors: Parolini Anna , Moregola Annalisa , Da Dalt Lorenzo , Rubino Alessia , Terenghi Ottavia , Norata Giuseppe Danilo , Baragetti Andrea
Published: January 2025

Background and Aims: Neutrophils participate to the chronic metabolic consequences of High Fat Diet (HFD). Nevertheless, neutrophils are characterized by short half-life which is determined by a fine tuning in expression and function of CXCR4, which dictates the egress from the bone marrow (BM), and CXCR2, which facilitates their mobilization from BM and the patrolling activity in the periphery. In the quest to study the behavior of the neutrophil with the short-term consequences of HFD feeding, we studied whether the metabolic adaptations affect blood neutrophil count and the membrane expression of their indirect markers of function. Methods: To assess the gluco-metabolic impact of a short-term HFD feeding, indirect calorimetry and plasma glucose dosage were performed on mice previously fed a HFD (60% Kcal from fat) for seven days, followed by immunophenotyping of blood over 24 hours. To test whether changes in circulating neutrophil count during short-term HFD feeding were related to a differential egress from the BM, we repeated the same experimental design in mice harboring a conditional deletion of CXCR4 (CXCR4fl/flMrp8Cre+). Results: Short-term HFD feeding was sufficient to induce a profound metabolic impact (e.g. reduced respiratory exchange ratio, increased energy expenditure, and insulin levels), and to induce an increase of circulating neutrophils (p=0,052), without impacting other leukocytic fractions over 24 hours, compared to chow diet feeding mice (20% Kcal from fat). HFD feeding significantly altered the expression pattern of multiple membrane markers of neutrophil function (CD11b, CD62L, CXCR2) over 24 hours, driving neutrophils toward a phenotype featuring increased migration and activation. Finally, the CXCR4fl/flMrp8Cre+ mice, which present significantly higher circulating neutrophilia, showed lower insulin sensitivity upon HFD compared to WT. Conclusions: We suggest that the metabolic adaptations induced by a short-term exposure to HFD affect neutrophil behavior, surmising it as an appealing target for cardio-metabolic diseases.
Angiopoietin-like 3 (ANGPTL3) deficiency alters metabolic substrates utilization and reprograms hepatic metabolism
Authors: Terenghi Ottavia , Da Dalt Lorenzo , Fantini Francesca , Vingiani Giovanni Battista , Moregola Annalisa , Uboldi Patrizia , Bonacina Fabrizia , Norata Giuseppe Danilo
Published: January 2025

Angiopoietin-like 3 (ANGPTL3) is a lipases-inhibiting hepatokine, thus prevents VLDL and LDL-derived triglycerides, regulating fluxes of triglycerides to the tissues. Aim of this study is to investigate the association between hypolipidemia-induced metabolic alteration, due to ANGPTL3 deficiency, and potential hepatic responses, depending on the source of energetic substrates available. Full-knockout (KO) mice and littermate controls (WT) underwent a standard chow diet or High Fat Diet (HFD, 60% kcal from fat) regimen for 16 weeks. Metabolic responses have been assessed through indirect calorimetry, lipid, glucose and insulin tolerance test, and circulating lipid levels have been evaluated. ANGPTL3 KO mice are hypolipidemic at fasting, postprandially and in fast refeeding, both at chow and HFD. After an oil gavage, ANGPTL3 KO mice absorb less triglycerides both at fasting (area under curve: HO:3320.8mg/dL*min±1214.9vsWT:17303 mg/dL*min±11765.2, p=0.07) and postprandially (area under curve: HO:447.3mg/dL*hr±20.9vsWT: 938.2mg/dL*hr ±294.9, p=0.016), and this associates with a lesser hepatic lipoprotein production, also at HFD. Glucose metabolism is not affected, and liver histology of KO mice at chow and HFD do not show increased steatosis compared to control group. Indirect calorimetry data show an increased trend of oxidative metabolism in the postprandial phase compared to controls (Respiratory Exchange Ratio at ZeitgeberTime21: HO: 0.889±0.102vsWT: 0.969±0.089; p=0.074). Hepatic mTOR activation has been investigated with western blotting, to understand a possible nutrient sensing alteration, by evaluating the phosphorylation of downstream effectors S6K (fold on housekeeping: HO:0.28±0.122vsWT:0.647±0.119; p=0.021) and 4E-BP1 (fold on housekeeping: HO: 0.503±0.193vsWT:1.043±0.270, p=0.048) and a dampened activation is observed. This is associated with a lower protein synthesis. RNA sequencing data confirmed that at chow diet KO mice face the activation of metabolic pathways such as urea cycle and bile acids production. Hepatic signalling pathways, like LXR, are blunted, at chow and HFD. ANGPTL3 deficiency alters the metabolic phenotype, reducing circulating lipemia, and an adaptive metabolic response occurs depending on the metabolic substrate availability.
ARMADILHAS DO PENSAMENTO COMPUTACIONAL: ANÁLISE CRÍTICA
Authors: Foohs Marcelo Magalhães , Pissolatto Neta Antinesca Joana , Krüger Júlia Andressa Paes dos Santos , Rebouças Randerson Oliveira Melville
Published: January 2025

Este artigo analisa criticamente a evolução do conceito de pensamento computacional (PC) nos trabalhos de Jeanette Wing, com foco nos artigos publicados entre 2006 e 2017. Argumenta-se que, embora Wing tenha promovido amplamente o PC como uma habilidade essencial para diversas áreas do conhecimento, sua definição apresenta ambiguidades conceituais que comprometem sua delimitação e aplicabilidade. Um dos principais problemas identificados é o uso do operador lógico "OR" na definição inicial do PC, o que permite interpretações excessivamente amplas e a inclusão de processos exclusivamente humanos, não passíveis de execução por máquinas. A revisão dos textos posteriores demonstra que essa indefinição não foi corrigida, resultando em dificuldades na consolidação do PC como um campo formalmente estruturado. Além disso, discute-se a centralidade dos algoritmos, elemento essencial para a identidade do PC, e como sua ausência explícita na formulação de Wing contribui para a diluição do conceito. Também são examinadas as implicações educacionais da falta de uma definição precisa, que impactam diretamente o ensino e a implementação curricular do PC. Por fim, argumenta-se que, para garantir a coerência e a eficácia do pensamento computacional, é necessário um maior rigor conceitual, distinguindo claramente seu escopo e sua relação com outras formas de cognição. O artigo propõe uma delimitação mais precisa do PC, enfatizando sua base algorítmica e diferenciando-o de abordagens probabilísticas e modelos baseados em otimização aproximada, a fim de fortalecer sua identidade e aplicabilidade tanto na educação quanto na pesquisa científica.
AVALIAÇÃO DA EFICIÊNCIA DA EXTRAÇÃO DO CAROTENOIDE NORBIXINA DE SEMENTES DE URUCUM (Bixa orellana L.) UTILIZANDO SOLUÇÃO ALCALINA POR DUAS ROTAS DE EXTRAÇÃO
Authors: Da Silva Janiel Costa , Santos Leandro Josuel da Costa , Lustosa Sergio Marcelo Coelho , Santana Moisés das Virgens , Viana Vicente Galber Freitas , Da Silva Durcilene Alves
Published: January 2025

Os corantes a base de urucum vem sendo um dos mais utilizados no mundo e também com grande aplicação nas indústrias têxtil, de tintas, cosmética, farmacêutica e alimentícia. Dentre eles, o carotenoide norbixina que possui propriedades antioxidantes, antimicrobianas e antitumorais. Dessa forma, o objetivo desse trabalho é extrair a norbixina das sementes de urucum por meio da extração alcalina considerando duas rotas de extração, pois, o desenvolvimento de um método de extração eficiente, ambientalmente seguro e economicamente viável tornou-se indispensável. As caracterizações realizadas foram Uv/vis, DRX, FTIR, TGA, DSC. A espectrofotometria no Uv/vis revelou que a rota de extração 2 (NBX_R2) extraiu a maior concentração de sólidos solúveis totais, porém, com menor cristalinidade devido à presença do amido como subproduto identificado pelo difratograma (DRX). A espectrofotometria no IV (FTIR) revelou as respectivas bandas de absorção e a curva de DSC mostrou maior absorção de energia para degradar a maior quantidade de resíduo presente no produto extraído e identificado no respectivo termograma.
INTERVENÇÕES DO ENFERMEIRO NA REABILITAÇÃO E CUIDADOS DE PACIENTES COM SÍNDROME DE GUILLAIN-BARRÉ ABORDAGENS PARA MELHORIA DA QUALIDADE DE VIDA
Authors: Gemaque Nedson Sombra
Published: January 2025

Este trabalho explora as intervenções de enfermagem na reabilitação de pacientes com Síndrome de Guillain-Barré (SGB), visando melhorar sua qualidade de vida. A pesquisa enfatiza a importância de abordagens centradas no paciente e práticas eficazes na prática clínica para promover uma recuperação mais rápida e menos traumática. O estudo destaca a necessidade de incluir os pacientes nas decisões sobre seus cuidados, reconhecendo os desafios enfrentados pelos enfermeiros ao lidar com a complexidade da SGB. A capacitação contínua dos profissionais de saúde e a adequada estruturação do ambiente de trabalho são identificadas como elementos cruciais para o sucesso das intervenções. A pesquisa argumenta que a inclusão dos pacientes no processo de cuidado é vital para assegurar que as intervenções sejam adaptadas às necessidades individuais. Além disso, enfatiza-se a importância da formação continuada e da adaptação das práticas de cuidado para garantir intervenções eficazes e seguras. O trabalho conclui que o papel do enfermeiro é essencial na promoção da recuperação e qualidade de vida dos pacientes com SGB. Recomenda-se um esforço conjunto da equipe de saúde para superar os desafios e garantir cuidados de qualidade e inclusivos. A pesquisa ressalta a necessidade de um compromisso contínuo com a formação profissional e a promoção de uma cultura de inclusão para o sucesso das intervenções em pacientes com SGB.
FUNDAMENTOS DO PROCESSO COGNITIVO DA CRIATIVIDADE E SUAS IMPLICAÇÕES NA AVALIAÇÃO DA APRENDIZAGEM
Authors: Chadreque Angelina Júlio , Da Silva Thaiany Guedes
Published: January 2025

Neste artigo, apresentamos os resultados parciais de uma pesquisa realizada no âmbito do Programa de Pós-graduação em Educação (PPGE) da Universidade Federal do Amazonas (UFAM). O objetivo deste estudo foi explorar os fundamentos do processo cognitivo da criatividade e suas implicações para a avaliação da aprendizagem. Para isso, realizamos uma pesquisa bibliográfica com uma abordagem qualitativa, embasando nossas discussões em teóricos como Vygotsky (2012), Luckesi (2011) e Libâneo (2013), entre outros. Concluímos que a criatividade, como componente essencial dos processos cognitivos – incluindo memória e compreensão – desempenha um papel central na eficácia do processo educativo. A falta de estímulos à criatividade na avaliação da aprendizagem pode levar à percepção de inadequação por parte dos professores, evidenciando a necessidade de uma formação profissional que valorize essa dimensão. Ademais, o desenvolvimento cognitivo da criatividade está diretamente relacionado à melhoria do desempenho acadêmico e profissional dos estudantes, fortalecendo seu engajamento social e laboral e contribuindo para a construção de uma sociedade mais dinâmica e focada no desenvolvimento integral do indivíduo.
CULTIVARES E CARACTERÍSTICAS DO GRÃO DE MILHO
Authors: Arcanjo Angelo Herbet Moreira , Cunha Gabriela de Paula , Da Silva Edilane Aparecida , Franco Fernando Oliveira , Rodrigues Jéssica Gomes , Pereira Marislayne de Gusmão , Theodoro Gustavo de Faria
Published: January 2025

Maize (Zea mays L) is of global importance as a commodity because it is the main source of energy used in animal feed. The anatomy of corn is divided into endosperm (83%), pericarp (5%), germ (11%) and tip (2%). The starch granules and the protein matrix of the endosperm classifies corn into two types: farinaceous and vitreous. The relationship between hard endosperm (Flint) and floury (Dent) defines the vitreousness of a corn grain. Thus, the greater the vitreousness, the greater the amount of hard endosperm present in the grain. Today on the market there are specific corn cultivars for the production of grain, green corn, sweet corn, white corn (hominy), silage, popcorn, among others. The cultivars varieties are highly heterozygous, with greater productive stability, having greater genetic variability, less uniformity in the product and low productivity, caused by low heterosis, have great rusticity and adaptability, being indicated for low technology systems. Commercial hybrids are the result of the crossing between genetically distinct and homozygous individuals, for maximum heterosis response. Simple hybrids are potentially productive and suitable for systems that employ high technology. Transgenic hybrid corn is obtained by Genetic Engineering from the modification of DNA by introducing genes from other species through recombinant DNA techniques. Transgenics aims at three main targets, which can be classified as: herbicide tolerance; insertion of insect and disease resistance genes; and quality of products. White corn is a special cultivar that is characterized by having toothed and floury grain, it is widely used for the production of hominy, starch (cornstarch), flour and etc. Popcorn is a special cultivar of low productivity with rounded grains, fully vitreous endosperm, and thin film which allows spacing when the grain is heated. Green corn is an alternative to family horticulture because it adds more income, it refers to corn harvested while still in the milky stage, with 70 to 80% moisture. Sweet corn and super sweet corn are also included as green corn, differs from conventional corn in that it is intended for the canning industry and by the presence of mutant alleles that block the conversion of sugars into starch in the endosperm, giving it a sweet character, making sweet corn wrinkled and translucent when dry. Man has selected and developed several maize cultivars with distinct and special characteristics for each cropping system and purpose of use. The present study aims to address through a literature review the anatomical and nutritional characteristics of the maize grain and to address the different cultivars used in Brazilian agriculture.
JORNALISMO CULTURAL: CIDADANIA, DEMOCRACIA E QUESTÕES SOCIAIS
Authors: Santos Adelcio Machado , Tenconi Daniel
Published: January 2025

O presente artigo objetivou discutir e analisar como o jornalismo cultural pode atuar como um agente de promoção da cidadania e do fortalecimento democrático, além de assumir um papel relevante na sua capacidade de abordar e influenciar questões sociais. Como método de estudo foi realizada uma abordagem metodológica qualitativa, fundamentada em uma revisão bibliográfica, que permitiu uma compreensão aprofundada do tema a partir de uma revisão bibliográfica incluindo a análise de livros, artigos acadêmicos, e outras publicações relevantes sobre jornalismo cultural, cidadania, democracia e questões sociais. Discutiu-se então a relevância do jornalismo cultural como um agente de reflexão social e cultural, bem como seu impacto na sociedade a partir dos principais argumentos considerados para amplificar as discussões sobre como o jornalismo cultural, de modo a compreender como ele promove e fomenta a reflexão, a diversidade cultural e as questões inerentes a cidadania, principalmente no que tange a liberdade de expressão e a defesa da democracia. Por fim, sugeriu-se como escopo de investigação sobre o impacto do jornalismo cultural na formação da identidade cultural em diferentes regiões do Brasil como um aprofundamento de pesquisas sobre os temas, de modo que essa vertente de investigação poderá revelar nuances importantes sobre o papel da mídia na construção e manutenção de identidades coletivas a partir dos estudos que traçam os perfis de atuação do jornalismo cultural na sociedade.
Karakteristik Apendisitis pada Usia Muda dan Usia Lanjut di RS Siti Ramah Padang Tahun 2023
Authors: Rauda Puti Reno , Sjaaf Fidiariani , Yulhasfi Febrianto Budi
Published: January 2025

Pendahuluan: Apendisitis merupakan salah satu kondisi bedah perut yang paling sering terjadi, dengan variasi karakteristik klinis berdasarkan usia. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggambarkan karakteristik apendisitis pada kelompok usia muda (18-44 tahun) dan lanjut (≥45 tahun) di RS Siti Rahmah Padang tahun 2023. Metode: Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif dengan pendekatan cross-sectional menggunakan data sekunder dari rekam medis. Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada usia muda, gejala lebih khas seperti nyeri iliaka kanan (88,3%), sedangkan pada usia lanjut, gejala cenderung tidak spesifik (37,9%), menyebabkan keterlambatan diagnosis dan peningkatan risiko komplikasi, seperti perforasi (37,9%). Durasi rawat inap lebih lama pada pasien usia lanjut (>5 hari, 93,1%), mencerminkan tingkat keparahan penyakit yang lebih tinggi. Meskipun demikian, semua pasien berhasil keluar dalam kondisi hidup (100%). Kesimpulan: Temuan ini menyoroti pentingnya diagnosis dini, penggunaan pencitraan diagnostik, dan pendekatan penanganan berbasis usia untuk mencegah komplikasi dan meningkatkan kualitas perawatan
In vitro evaluation of antibacterial and antioxidant activity of malva sylvestris and malva pseudolavatera extracts
Authors: Gutiérrez Gaitén Yamilet Irene , Sarmiento Tomalá Glenda Marcela , Idrovo Encalada Alondra , Burbano Gómez Zoraida , Soledispa Cañarte Pilar Asunción , López Barrera Alexandra , Valdiviezo Rogel Carlos Jefferson , Jimenez Granizo Francisca Patricia
Published: January 2025

In the present research work has done the evaluation of the antibacterial activity of aqueous and hydroalcoholic extracts of the leaves of Malva sylvestris and Malva pseudolavatera, against three microorganisms (Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae) and antioxidant evaluation of hydroalcoholic extracts, with the goal to provide an alternative in the treatment of infectious and chronic degenerative diseases. The antibacterial activity was performed by disk diffusion assays using Cefotaxime as a reference antibiotic; The antioxidant activity was carried out by three in vitro methods, the method of FRAP (ferro-reducing capacity), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydracil (DPPH) and 2,2'- azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline)-6-sulfonic (ABTS•+). The results obtained indicated that the analyzed extracts of both Malva species showed a moderate antibacterial activity in certain concentrations against the microorganisms E. coli,S. aureus and K. pneumoniae; and taking into account the results of the antioxidant activity in the three in vitro methods tested, it was I observed that as the concentration of the extracts increased, the reducing power (FRAP test) and the anti-radicals activity (DPPH and ABTS•+ tests) increased as well, manifesting a high antioxidant activity. As a consequence of this, we can conclude that Malva sylvestris and Malva pseudolavatera leaf extracts produce inhibition halos in the strains of the microorganisms evaluated (E. coli, S. aureus, K. pneumoniae), in addition to presenting inhibition of the radicals used (DPPH, ABTS•+) and ferro- reducing capacity (FRAP).
Peningkatan Peran Ibu Dalam Menciptakan Lingkungan Keluarga Yang Sehat di Telaga Sakinah RW 13 Kota Batam
Authors: Erda Roza , Badri Isna Aglusi , Gustina Nurma Zela , Putri Yulia Devi , Novia Resi , Hayat Nahrul
Published: January 2025

Keluarga merupakan unit terkecil dalam masyarakat yang berperan penting dalam pembentukan karakter dan kesehatan setiap anggotanya. Sebagai pilar utama dalam keluarga, ibu memiliki tanggung jawab besar dalam menciptakan lingkungan keluarga yang sehat melalui pemenuhan gizi, kebersihan, serta dukungan kesehatan mental dan emosional. Artikel ini membahas peran ibu dalam memenuhi kebutuhan gizi keluarga, menjaga kebersihan dan sanitasi, serta mengelola kesehatan mental anggota keluarga. Para ahli sepakat bahwa ibu memiliki peran yang krusial dalam mendukung kesehatan fisik dan mental keluarga melalui berbagai tanggung jawab, mulai dari perencanaan makanan sehat hingga memberikan dukungan emosional yang positif. Dengan optimalisasi peran ibu dalam keluarga, tercipta lingkungan yang sehat, harmonis, dan sejahtera, yang secara tidak langsung berkontribusi pada kesehatan masyarakat yang lebih luas.
Edukasi Pariwisata Berkelanjutan Pada Tingkat Satuan Pendidikan Non-Formal Pariwisata
Authors: Setiawan Muhamad Alam , Nirwana Baiq Nadia , Talidobel Susilo , Aisyah Ramadani  , Rafles
Published: January 2025

Pariwisata berkelanjutan adalah konsep yang menekankan pada tanggung jawab terhadap tiga pilar utama yaitu lingkungan, sosial, dan ekonomi yang harus diterapkan dalam segala aktifitas pariwisata dan industrinya. Edukasi tentang penerapan konsep pariwisata berkelanjutan sudah seharusnya diberikan pada setiap elemen yang berkaitan dengan pengembangan sumber daya manusia yang akan mengelola pariwisata. Pengabdian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan edukasi konsep pariwisata berkelanjutan pada lembaga pelatihan perhotelan yang menjadi kontributor tinggi dalam mencetak sumber daya di industri perhotelan yang merupakan penunjang penting dalam pariwisata. Target penerima manfaat adalah siswa beserta staff dan Instruktur lembaga perhotelan LPKN Mataram. Setelah kegiatan pengabdian dilakukan, terlihat dampak yang signifikan terjadi pada pengetahuan mahasiswa terhadap konsep pariwisata berkelanjutan. Hal ini dapat dilihat dari hasil post-test dimana rata-rata diatas 80% siswa mejawab pertanyaan dengan benar dan sesuai konsep. Edukasi juga diberikan kepada staff dan instruktur dengan berfokus pada pengenalan kurikulum pelatihan berbasis pariwisata berkelanjutan sehingga kedepannya akan bisa diterapkan di lembaga. Familiarisasi konsep pariwisata berkelanjutan pada tingkat Lembaga pelatihan non-formal pariwisata ini adalah upaya untuk mencetak sumber daya pariwisasta yang sadar akan tanggung jawab terhadap lingkungan, sosial, dan ekonomi yang harus diperhatikan dalam upaya menjalankan sektor pariwisata.
The European Cancer Pulse: From data intelligence to policy action
Authors: Lawler Mark , Couespel Norbert
Published: January 2025

The European Cancer Pulse: From data intelligence to policy action

Norbert Couespel 1 and Mark Lawler 1, 2 highlight the European Cancer Pulse, a critical tool in tracking cancer inequalities and influencing cancer policy in Europe. 2024 marks the 10th anniversary of the European Cancer Patient’s Bill of Rights (1) launch in the European Parliament on World Cancer Day. The Bill of Rights was underpinned by what, at the time, was the most extensive study of cancer inequalities in Europe (2). Despite the impact of the Bill of Rights (3), cancer inequalities continue to be a challenging issue in Europe; eliminating these inequalities has been a significant aim of Europe’s Beating Cancer Plan. (4) A critical component in successfully addressing cancer inequalities is cataloguing their existence and their nature – robust intelligence is required to categorise the many inequalities that may be experienced by cancer patients in Europe and their potential impact. (5) Regrettably, this task has proved challenging, with extreme fragmentation of the information available; additionally, much of the data may not be robust, hampering its provision in a timely fashion to influence action.
Training and citizen engagement to tackle soil health challenges
Authors: Caggiano Margherita , Capri Caterina , Canale Linda , Cappello Claudia , Laurent Céline , Mimmo Tanja
Published: January 2025

Training and citizen engagement to tackle soil health challenges

The ECHO project approach in tackling soil health challenges through soil literacy and citizen engagement. The European Commission’s “A Soil Deal for Europe” Mission aims to address soil-related challenges by promoting soil regeneration and protection throughout Europe. This Mission emphasises the essential need for collective commitment and shared efforts while recognising soils’ complex and diverse nature, which presents unique challenges across different regions.
The importance of earthworms for soil health
Authors: Abbott Lynette
Published: January 2025

The importance of earthworms for soil health

In this article, Lynette Abbott from The University of Western Australia, highlights the importance of earthworms for soil health. Earthworms are common soil organisms and have attracted the attention of many of us because they occur in gardens, parks, agricultural regions, and natural ecosystems. They can be grouped according to their feeding habits and life cycles, influencing where they occur in the soil profile and how they contribute to soil health.
Climate change, energy demand and health: Protecting vulnerable populations
Authors: Huang-Lachmann Jo-Ting
Published: January 2025

Climate change, energy demand and health: Protecting vulnerable populations

Jo-Ting Huang-Lachmann, Junior Research Group Lead at the Climate Service Center Germany, discusses climate change, energy demand, and health to safeguard vulnerable populations. Climate change presents multiple challenges that significantly affect the health and well-being of the most vulnerable populations, including older adults. At the intersection of climate change, energy insecurity, and an ageing population lies a complex web of risks that requires urgent attention.
The microbiome and aging: Unlocking new frontiers in healthy longevity
Authors: Jain Shalini , Yadav Hariom , Brechot Christian
Published: January 2025

The microbiome and aging: Unlocking new frontiers in healthy longevity

Research conducted by the USF Microbiomes Institute and the MiaGB Consortium is uncovering the significant link between microbial communities and host biology. This understanding could lead to new therapies for age-related conditions. Shalini Jain, Christian Brechot, and Hariom Yadav provide further insights. Aging is often called a “silver tsunami” due to its overwhelming and rapidly approaching impact. By 2050, the global population aged 65 and older is expected to exceed 1.6 billion, doubling from current numbers. In the United States alone, 16% of the population (54 million individuals) is aged 65 or older, projected to rise to 22% by 2040. This demographic shift poses many challenges for individuals, families, and healthcare systems.
The logical reasoning why AI/ML is a hoax and how Inora’s Organic Intelligence Core solves the problem
Authors: Schmadel Ingobert
Published: January 2025

The logical reasoning why AI/ML is a hoax and how Inora’s organic intelligence core solves the problem

AI suffers from inaccurate, numerically unvalidated calculations which lead to randomly accurate and unreliable results. Accuracy is the deviation from a True Value which Inora Technologies OICT Provides. The foundation of intelligence is the accurate and reliable processing of information. Even though artificial intelligence (AI) currently has significant hype, we believe AI is not intelligent. This is, unfortunately, true because the calculations within the AI completely lack the ability to numerically evaluate complex data accurately. AI and, specifically, large language models (LLMs) base their calculations on neural networks. These networks “learn” to orient themselves within data sets by randomly making internal adjustments until the results “look good” to subjective human judgment.