bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysing the cause of idle time in loading and unloading operation at Indonesian international port container terminal: Port of Tanjung Priok case study
Authors: Suprata F , Natalia C , Sugioko A
Published: May 2020

Prior study shows that major Indonesian ports still need some improvements to achieve a better logistics performance. This study aims to analyze which variables can influence the present of idle time during loading and unloading process at Container Terminal Operation 2 Tanjung Priok Port Jakarta. The Tanjung Priok Port is chosen since the port is designed as the hub port in the national sea transport system of the country where it handles more than 50% Indonesia’s trans-shipment cargo traffic. This study uses service blueprint, multiple regression analysis, and one-way anova method. The findings show that at the existing Tanjung Priok Port Container Terminal has 17 (seventeen) failure spots, which are categorized into 6 (six) variables namely head truck, computer system, weather, stevedoring worker, equipment failure, and operator activities, that cause the idle time at the port service. Nevertheless, based on the multiple regression analysis, only 5 (five) variables have a significant influence on the cause of idle time excluding weather variable. Finally, with one-way anova test it is found that operator activities at the gate-in process is the most significant influence to the idle-time at the port service.
Measurement of Physiological and Psychological Workloads of Mechanical Department Operator PT. XYZ
Authors: Cahyadi B , Maryanti A S , Timang G A
Published: May 2020

PT. XYZ is an electrical machinery repair services company. The amount and density of operator activity can affect worker fatigue. This research conducted to calculate the level of physiological and psychological workloads and ideals rest periods for operators in the Mechanical Department of PT. XYZ. The method to calculate physiological workload is direct measurement by measuring heartbeat, whereas the method to calculate psychological workload is NASA-TLX Method. The results show that the most severe physiological workload experienced by Mr. Nur who is a medium-sized lathe operator with a value of energy consumption of 8.497 Kcal/minute before a break and 7.602 Kcal/minute after a break, the ideal rest time for Mr. Nur is 112 minutes with work duration from 07.00-12.00 WIB and 66 minutes with work duration from 13.00-16.00 WIB, while Mr. Supardi and Mr. Didik requires a rest time of 103 minutes and 38 minutes with work duration from 07.00-12.00 WIB and the level of psychological workload for the 12 operators are high and very high. Therefore the company can minimize the level of physiological and psychological workload by calculating the workload of the operator in a balanced manner.
Interaction of exogenous refractory nanoparticles of Al2O3 and MgAl2O4 with nonferrous metal impurities in iron melts
Authors: Anuchkin S N
Published: May 2020

The exogenous refractory nanoparticles is proposed for refining iron-based melts from nonferrous metal impurities. Investigated the heterophase interaction of Al2O3 and MgAl2O4 nanoparticles with Sb/Sn/Cu and showed that the degree of removal of nonferrous metal impurities was in the Fe-Sb system up to 30 rel.%, in the Fe-Sn system up to 29 rel. % and in the Fe-Cu system up to 23 rel. %. The existence of refractory nanoparticles in a liquid metal was proved by studying the structural properties of the melt. In the melts, after the introduction of the nanoparticles, inversion of the temperature coefficient of surface tension is observed, as well as multidirectional change depending on the nature of the nanoparticles and the holding time during interfacial interaction. Decompression and compression of the melts after the introduction of nanoparticles and the multidirectional nature of the dependences of properties indicate a possible change in the cluster structure of liquid metal.
High-temperature physical properties of the electrodes based on MAX-phase Ti-Al-C produced by SHS-extrusion method
Authors: Averichev O A , Stolin A M
Published: May 2020

Physical properties of the Ti-Al-C compact rods with the content of the MAX phase have been studied. The rods were produced by energy-efficient SHS-extrusion method. It has been found that the oxidation mechanism is similar to nickel heat-resistant alloys, herewith the oxidation rate does not exceed 1 g/m2• h at 900 °C. The dependences of the corrosion resistance on stoichiometric parameters of green mixtures are reported. The electrical resistivity of the rods does not exceed 5-6 μOm * cm at room temperature with a slight increase in value to 18 μOhm*cm at 900 °C. These results can be useful for the potential applications of the rod as the high-temperature electrodes.
TiB / 30 wt.% Ti layered composite material obtained by free SHS compression on a Ti6Al4V titanium alloy
Authors: Bazhin P M , Chizhikov A P , Konstantinov A S , Prokopets A D , Kostitsyna E V , Bolotskaya A V , Stolin A M , Yu Khomenko N
Published: May 2020

In this work, a layered composite material based on TiB/30 wt.% Ti on a Ti6Al4V titanium alloy was obtained by free SHS compression. Powders of titanium and amorphous black boron were used as initial components. The structural features, phase composition, porosity and distribution of microhardness along the height of the layered material were studied. It was shown that, as a result of synthesis and subsequent high-temperature deformation, the following phases were formed in the layered composite material: TiB, TiB2, Ti0, 76N. It was found that at a compression pressure of 50 MPa a layered composite material with a porosity of up to 1-2% is formed. It was found that the delay time before applying pressure affects the size of the diffusion zone in the range of 10-50 microns. Due to the formation of hardening phases in the composite material on Ti6Al4V, the microhardness of its surface increased from 2.4 to 11 GPa.
Effect of tantalum on short-term creep of a 12%Cr-3%Co-0.07%Ta martensitic steel for steam blades
Authors: Fedoseeva A E , Nikitin I S , Fedoseev A E , Tkachev E S , Kaibyshev R O
Published: May 2020

9-12%Cr martensitic steels are prospective materials for elements of boilers, tubes, pipes, heaters and steam blades for fossil power plants, which are able to work at ultra-supercritical parameters of steam. Decreasing N content and increasing B content together with increasing Cr content required the optimization of ferrite-stabilizing and austenite-stabilizing elements to avoid the formation of δ-ferrite at high temperatures. Addition of 3-4%Co, 0.01%B, 0.80%Cu and 0.07%Ta as austenite-stabilizing elements can compensate increasing Cr content up to 12% at decreasing N content to 0.003% and provides the δ-ferrite in the amount less than 10%. Two Co-containing 12%Cr steels were developed and investigated. The main difference between these steels is Ta addition; one of the 12%Cr steel studied contains 0.07%Ta, other 12%Cr steel is Ta-free one. Creep tests at 650°C and the applied stresses ranging 180-80 MPa with a step of 20 MPa for both Co-containing 12%Cr steels were carried out. Addition of Ta in the Co-containing 12%Cr steel provide the increment in the creep time to rupture at both high and low applied stresses. This increment in the creep properties due to Ta addition was explained by decrease in coarsening rate of Ta-rich MX carbonitrides during creep at 650°C.
Gold nanorods and their nanocomposites based on polyurethane foam for determination of catecholamines in biological fluids
Authors: Gorbunova M V , Apyari V V , Garshev A V , Volkov P A , Tolmacheva V V , Dmitrienko S G
Published: May 2020

Capability of gold nanorods and their nanocomposites based on polyurethane foam as spectrophotometric reagents for catecholamines determination was examined. Comparison of the analytical properties of the systems based on interaction of nanoparticles of different morphology with various reagents in the presence of catecholamines was carried out, gold nanorods-based system is characterized by the highest sensitivity. Applicability of gold nanorods and their nanocomposites for catecholamines determination in biological fluids (urine, serum) was proved by HPLC analysis. Catecholamines preconcentration by dynamic sorption on hypercrosslinked polystyrene and further elution with 6M acetic acid could serve to improve the sensitivity of the analysis.
Application of optical methods in tests of new materials with gradient structure
Authors: Kamantsev I S , Drukarenko N A , Kuznetsov A V , Stepanov S I , Chesnokov M A
Published: May 2020

The main idea of the article is to demonstrate the possibility of applying the laser dynamic speckle interferometry technique to control the processes of fatigue failure of specimens with a gradient structure. A distinctive feature of the described technique is the possibility of practical application on high-frequency machines as an experimental non-contact method for recording surface changes in the studying objects with a complex structure. Besides, the proposed technique can be used as an indicator characterizing irreversible processes during fatigue failure and for analyzing the fatigue crack growth kinetics.
Characterization of spherical stainless steel powders prepared by electric arc spraying process
Authors: Kirsankin A A , Kalaida T A , Kaplan M A , Smirnov M A , Yu Ivannikov A , Sevostyanov M A
Published: May 2020

Spherical powders were obtained by electric arc spraying of stainless-steel wire. The effect of the electrical power during the arc spraying process was investigated. The fractional composition of the obtained powder was determined by laser diffractometry. Scanning Auger microprobe was used to study surface morphology of the powder particles. The obtained spherical stainless-steel powders will be used to fabricate products by additive manufacturing methods.
The ratio of refractive index and molecular weight of copolymers of n-butyl acrylate and styrene obtained by the method of RAFT-radical polymerization
Authors: Vaganov E V , Komendant R I , Perepelitsina E O , Grachev V P , Kurochkin S A
Published: May 2020

The kinetic and molecular weight characteristics of the copolymers of n-butyl acrylate and styrene (95: 5 wt.%) obtained by the method of radical polymerization with reversible chain transfer were studied. The dependence of the refractive index on the molecular weight of the copolymers of n-butyl acrylate and styrene is shown.
Dicationic disiloxane liquids
Authors: Krasovskiy V G , Gorbatsrvich O B , Glukhov L M , Chernikova E A
Published: May 2020

Bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide dicationic ionic liquids containing disiloxane linkers between imidazole cations were synthesized. Their thermal stabilities, melting points, viscosities, and volatilities in vacuo were measured. The possibility of tuning the properties of dicationic ILs by introducing substituents of different nature into the cation structure is shown.
Changes in electrochemical properties of a heavy tungsten alloy during its processing under the influence of DC current in ammonia-alkali solutions
Authors: Kuznetsova O G , Levin A M , Sevostyanov M A , Tsybin O I , Bolshikh A O
Published: May 2020

The method of linear voltammetry in the potentiodynamic mode was used to study the change in the anode behavior of a heavy tungsten VNZh alloy (in wt.%: 78.8 W; 15.2 Ni; 6.0 Fe), as well as the phase composition and morphology of its surface during its electrochemical dissolution under the influence of DC current. It was determined, that the phase composition of VNZh alloy surface is a solid solution of iron-nickel after tungsten dissolution from the surface of the alloy. It has been established, that in ammonia-alkali electrolytes the process of tungsten passing into solution does not stop after dissolution of the metal from the alloy surface, but continues both due to diffusion of the metal from the depth of the sample and the pits formation in the processed alloy.
Perfluorocarbon nanoemulsions containing fluorinated photosensitizer for photodynamic cancer therapy
Authors: Markova A A , Belyaeva E V , Radchenko A S , Dmitrieva M V , Sigan A L , Shtil‘ A A , Chkanikov N D
Published: May 2020

The composition of the photosensitizer and fluorocarbons with high oxygen capacity allows to increase the effectiveness of photodynamic therapy, which is shown on tumor cells. To achieve the solubility of photosensitizers in fluorocarbons, a number of fluorinated porphyrins were synthesized and their spectral characteristics were obtained. Fluorocarbon emulsions without a photosensitizer are inert for tumor cells of human colon adenocarcinoma. Fluorocarbon nanoemulsion with leader fluorinated porphyrin with fluoroaliphatic substituents accumulates in tumor cells and causes photoinduced necrosis due to peroxidation of membrane lipids. Perfluorocarbon nanoemulsions in combination with a dissolved fluorine phase photosensitizer are promising compositions for the photodynamic therapy of cancer.
Carbon-forming properties of oils influencing the service of engines and aircraft reducers
Authors: Melnikova I S , Kovba L V , Ratenko D V , Dvoyeglazov V S
Published: May 2020

During the operation of gas turbine engines (GTE), failures are encountered due to structural, production, and operational defects. According to the damage of the gas turbine engine, the percentage of malfunctions in the lubrication and venting system is 2.9% [1]. This paper discusses the most common problematic issues in the operation of oil systems (OS) associated with the formation of solid decomposition products of oils on the surfaces of gas turbine engine parts. Laboratory studies of the creation of high-temperature carbon deposits on a heated aluminum surface were carried out by spraying the test oil on it for a specific time on the tilt plate instrument. This instrument was used to study NYCO TURBONIKOIL 98 aviation oil for aviation gas turbine engines (GTD-350, TV2-117, TV3-117, VK-2500) and main gearboxes (VR-2, VR-8A, VR-14, VR- 252) aircraft (Mi-2, Mi-8T, Mi-8MTV/AMT, Ka-32). Quantitative dependencies of the formation of carbon deposits on the oil temperature and the temperature of the aluminum plate are obtained, and a color template of the intensity of formation of solid high-temperature carbon deposits depending on the oil temperature and the temperature of the aluminum plate is presented.
Study characteristics of failure multilayered steel materials in conditions at alternating symmetrical bending
Authors: Minakov A A , Plokhihk A I , Vlasova D V , Polikevich K B
Published: May 2020

The article presents a study of behaviour of multilayered steel materials in conditions of alternating symmetrical bending when heavy stress is applied at low-cycle fatigue conditions with the use of bending unbending test. The study showed different behaviour pattern when applying stress to two compositions of multilayered steel materials – W108+AISI 304 and W108+AISI 430. The fractographic analysis of fatigue rupture surfaces was used to explain the results obtained in studying the number of cycles prior to fracture, which showed that the mode of failure of the two compositions of multilayered steel materials was different.
The cobalt and nickel-containing polyethylene prepared by using metal-vapor synthesis
Authors: Pribytkov P V , Yu Vasil’kov A , Naumkin A V
Published: May 2020

Cobalt and nickel-containing low-pressure polyethylene samples (HDPE) were prepared by metal-vapor synthesis (MVS) of unstable bisarene complexes of Ni and Co type (C6H5CH3)2M and their further decomposition at a temperature of 178 K in the volume of HDPE. The Faraday method shows that Ni and Co nanometer particles are stabilized by the polyethylene matrix up to T=370 K. When the Ni-HDPE material is heated above 420 K, irreversible processes of interaction of Ni clusters with the polyethylene matrix occur with the formation of a less magnetic phase. When the Co-HDPE material is heated above 420 K, Co clusters coalesce to form a more magnetic phase. At temperatures above 520 K, the magnetization of the Co/HDPE system begins to increase rapidly and approaches the value characteristic of massive cobalt. Changing the conditions of cryosynthesis significantly influences the properties of the resulting products. The sample of 2.5% Co-HDPE obtained at a temperature of 185 K is characterized by weak magnetic properties. Its magnetization at room temperature is lower than that of the samples with a similar metal content by 30-40 times. The XPS shows that nickel atoms are in the form of Ni(OH)2.
Microscopic research of amorphous alloys AlFeNiLa exposed to magnetic pulse processing
Authors: Viryus A A , Kaminskaya T P , Shipko M N , Bakhteeva N D , Korovushkin V V , Savchenko A G , Stepovich M A , Savchenko E S , Todorova E V
Published: May 2020

The structure of the solid solution foil Al85Fe7Ni5La3 was studied, obtained by the spinning method, before and after magnetic pulses treatment. Comparison of the effects of pulses of weak magnetic field on the topology of the alloy surface allows us to conclude that when exposed to 30 pulses, the surface becomes more smooth. It was found that treatment with magnetic pulses significantly affects the magnetic characteristics of the alloy, which may allow this type of effect on amorphous alloys to be used in practice.
Rheological properties of Y3Al5O12 powder obtained by preceramic organoyttroxanealumoxanes
Authors: Titov D D , Gumennikova E A , Danilin K D , Petrakova N V , Lysenkov A S , Frolova M G , Shcherbakova G I , Novokovskaya E A , Lemeshev D O , Kargin Yu F
Published: May 2020

Submicron powder Y3Al5O12 (YAG) aluminium yttrium garnet was synthesized from an Al-Y-ceramic-forming precursor, according to the method developed in the State Research Institute for Chemistry and Technology of Organoelement Compounds (SRICTO). The advantage of the method is the possibility of obtaining close to the stoichiometric phase and obtaining high purity nanopowder. In this work, we studied the effect of the pyrolysis temperature of the polymer (700°, 800° and 900°C) and grinding time on the rheological properties of the powder. It was shown that after pyrolysis at 700° and 800°C, the powder has an amorphous structure, the ultimate strain, in this case, being 6.1 and 8.1% of the initial size. The compressibility modulus decreases with increasing temperature from 34.5 to 19.4 MPa. Due to the formation of YAG crystals after pyrolysis at 900°C, the compressibility of the powder increases and the compacts become denser.
Effect of rotary swaging on structure and properties of low-carbon steel
Authors: Tokar A A , Lunev V A , Dolzhenko A S , Rybalchenko O V , Morozov M M , Yusupov V S , Rybalchenko G V , Odessky P D , Dobatkin S V
Published: May 2020

The structural transformation and mechanical properties of a low-carbon 0.2% C steel and a 0.09% C-Mn-V steel in coarse- and ultrafine-grained (UFG) states were studied. The UFG structure with structural elements about 210-375 nm in size was obtained by rotary swaging (RS) and equal-channel angular pressing (ECAP). ECAP was used to compare the influence of the industrial deformation and SPD methods on the micro structure and properties of low-carbon steels. It was shown that an increase in true strain ratio and a decrease in final temperature of RS improve strength properties and reduce plasticity of these steels. In both steels after RS, σ
UTS
within the range from 800 up to 920 MPa with elongation in the range of 15-17% at the final deformation temperature of 400 °C was obtained. It was found that the strength of 0.2% C steel after ECAP was on the same level with that steel after RS. The strength properties of low- carbon 0.09% C-Mn-V steel after ECAP were significantly higher than those after RS.
Research of mechanical properties of composite material based on titanium nickelide with a titanium surface layer depending on magnetron sputtering time
Authors: Nasakina E O , Sudarchikova M A , Tsareva A M , Sergiyenko K V , Konushkin S V , Kaplan M A , Baikin A S , Shatova L A , Sevost’yanov M A
Published: May 2020

The regularities of the titanium surface and transitional monolayers formation using magnetron sputtering and ion bombardment depending on the deposition time, adhesion parameters and mechanical characteristics are investigated. Saturation regions of the surface and transition layers are noted. The transition layer provides high adhesion of the surface layer to the substrate. The application of a titanium surface layer to a nitinol reduces elongation and yield strength but increases tensile strength, and as the deposition time increases, the elongation decreases very slightly, and the yield strength and strength increase.
Studies of the effectiveness of the chemical decomposition of polychlorinated biphenyls in alluvial meadow soils in situ under the influence of special physicochemical active compounds
Authors: Yu Aladin D , Sevostyanov S M , Ph Deeva N , Demin D V
Published: May 2020

Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) are persistent organic pollutants used worldwide up 1990s. Although their use has been heavily restricted, PCB can be found in contaminated soils and sediments. The interaction of polychlorobiphenyls (PCBs) in soils with an alkaline amino acid reagent (NaL) and humic acids was studied. According to IR spectroscopy, intermolecular interaction of PCBs with NaL reagent was revealed. Chromatography and IR spectroscopy revealed the transformation and removal of chlorine in the aromatic ring of PCB macromolecules under the influence of an amino acid reagent. In the experiment, from 32 to 77% of PCBs undergo soil degradation, depending on the concentration of the reagent and the frequency of its introduction into soil samples.
Laser airborne reflection method for remote sensing forest species composition
Authors: Belov M L , Belov A M , Gorodnichev V A , Alkov S V
Published: May 2020

Statistical modelling of the correct detection and false alarm probabilities has been implemented to identify dominant (needle-leaved or broadleaved) tree species through laser sensing in the UV and NIR spectral bands. It is shown that the laser method of monitoring at 355 nm and 2100 nm wavelengths allows sensing dominant needle-leaved or broadleaved tree species with a probability of correct detection close to one and a probability of false alarm ~ second decimal places. The laser method using two eye-safe sensing wavelengths in the UV and NIR spectral bands can be used for airborne forest monitoring.
Increasing wear resistance of the hinge guide compressor in aircraft engine
Authors: Alisin V V
Published: May 2020

The article is devoted to the problem of increasing reliability and a service life of the cylindrical hinge for turning the blades of a guide axial compressor of aircraft engines under sliding friction without lubrication. The prospects of using nanostructured crystals of zirconium dioxide partially stabilized by yttrium oxide are justified. High anti-friction properties of the hinge are provided by the selection of the counterface material. Particular attention is paid to the resistance to scoring of the studied friction pairs. It has been established that the most promising counterfaces for the crystals of zirconium dioxide are molybdenum selenide coatings and alpha-titanium alloys.

A post-publication change was made to this article on 11 Jun 2020 to correct the pdf so that it matched the webpage.
Resistance moment of a rotation surface of liquid rocket engines turbomachines elements
Authors: Zuev A A , Nazarov V P , Zhuikov D A , Tolstopyatov M I , Savelyeva M V
Published: May 2020

The research elaborates the main characteristics of the liquid propellant engines; it determines that some turbo pump units have got the frequency of rotor spinning up to 100 000 and even 120 000 r.p.m. The authors analyse the current methodologies to specify losses connected with disc friction. The methodologies determining disc friction coefficient often obtain criterion-empirical character, and due to increasing a number of rotor spinning of turbo pump unit of the liquid propellant engines, they reflect the specification reliability inaccurately. The research demonstrates equations to determine disk friction coefficients based on considering the theory of three-dimensional boundary layer to a rotational flow taking into account the turbulent process of velocity distribution. The authors give recommendations on determining an index of velocity distribution degree depending on Reynolds rotation criterion of a disc and plug flow.
Hydraulic losses in the initial section of a flow parts of at aggregates of liquid rocket engines
Authors: Zhuikov D A , Zuev A A , Nazarov V P , Tolstopyatov M I , Khodenkova E V
Published: May 2020

The article deals with the need for accurate hydraulic losses determination along the length of the flow part in the process of designing units for supplying liquid rocket engines (LRE). The dependencies that are usually used, as a rule, are of a criterion-empirical nature and are not suitable for their application, taking into account the tendency of an increase in the rotating speed of turbo-pumping LRE supply units to 100,000 r.p.m. The analysis necessary to select the friction resistance laws for the flow part elements of the rocket engine supply units was carried out. A numerical integration equation system method to determine the variation in the characteristic thicknesses of the spatial boundary layer along the channel length in the initial section of the flow and hydraulic losses (taking into account the inertial component of the flow core velocity) was considered and proposed, depending on the current flow regimes in the flow path elements of the LRE supply units.
Influence of diffusion metallization to hard alloys of WC-TiC-Co and WC-Co with functional TiC coating by Ni-Cu
Authors: Bobylyov E E , Storozhenko I D
Published: May 2020

Diffusion alloying effect of WC-8%Co and 15%TiC-WC-6%Co hard alloys by Ni-Cu over TiC deposited by diffusion alloying in a low-melting liquid metal medium melt has presented. Such operation abilities of cutting tool as toll life, wear resistance, quality of processed surface can be increase by diffusion alloying in liquid metal melts. Tool life increased by 2.5 times compared to uncoated tools. It was found that kinetic of coating formation depends of the temperature and alloying time. The thickness of the diffusion layer varied up 8 to 27 microns on WC-8%Co; up 9 to 29 microns for 15%TiC-WC-6%Co alloys. The maximum microhardness on 15%TiC-WC-6%Co alloys was 21500 MPa, for WC-8%Co alloys 18000 MPa. It was found that element-phase composition of hard alloy influence to kinetic of diffusion functional coating formation process. Functional diffusion layer on 15%TiC-WC-6%Co alloys have a higher hardness and thickness compared to WC-8%Co.
Dry etching of silicon carbide in ICP with high anisotropy and etching rate
Authors: Osipov A A , Speshilova A B , Endiiarova E V , Osipov A A , Alexandrov S E
Published: May 2020

A detailed study of the influence of technological parameters of the plasma chemical etching process in inductively coupled plasma on the etching rate of single-crystal silicon carbide is presented. The physicochemical substantiation of experimentally revealed patterns is given. The optimal gas mixture was determined in terms of the etching rate of SiC. It was experimentally established that the dependence of the etching rate of silicon carbide on the percentage of oxygen in the total gas mixture is non-linear. Thus, with an increase in the percentage of O2 up to 23%, the etching rate of SiC gradually increases to 560 nm/min, a further increase in the percentage of O2 leads to a sharp decrease in the etching rate of SiC up to 160 nm/min at an oxygen content of 31%. The effect of the distance between the sample and the plasma generation zone on the etching rate of SiC was studied. It was shown that the greatest increase in speed is caused by an increase in the bias voltage, so at Ubias = - 50 V the etching rate is 300 nm/min, and at Ubias = - 150 V the value of the etching rate is 840 nm/min. The optimal parameters of the plasma-chemical etching process were selected for high-speed directional etching of single-crystal silicon carbide substrates.
The analysis of the working surface of the abrasive tool for wood grinding
Authors: Sergeevichev V V , Sergeevichev A V , Sokolova V A , Kebko V D , Alekseeva E A
Published: May 2020

The analysis of the existing models of the cutting elements of abrasive grains shows that the model in the form of a parabola is in comparison with others more preferable and with a fine precision corresponds to the experimental geometrical parameters of abrasive grains. The natural increase in radius of top due to wear is revealed.
Comparison of apparatus and methods for tactile marking of polymeric films with Braille alphabet
Authors: Cherkasov E P , Konovalova M V , Kondratov A P
Published: May 2020

This article analyzes contact and non-contact methods for local heat treatment of heat shrink films in tactile marking devices. The characteristics of polymeric film heating processes under heat transfer from metal stamps and laser emitters were investigated. The article contains diagrams obtained by differential scanning calorimetry of polymeric heat shrink film exposed to thermal effect of different tactile marking devices. The article also describes stereometry of Braille elements obtained by using a metal stamp and a laser emitter.
Reducing noises of high-speed Bi-JFET charge-sensitive amplifiers during schematic design
Authors: Dvornikov O V , Tchekhovski V A , Prokopenko N N , Pakhomov I V
Published: May 2020

The technique of circuit noise reduction of charge-sensitive amplifiers containing bipolar and junction field-effect transistors is considered. The initial and improved circuit of the integrated charge-sensitive amplifiers using the above mentioned technique, the results of the step-by-step noise reduction when changing the sizes and operating modes of transistors, and improvement of the bias circuits are presented.
Prediction of service life of auto-tractor engine parts
Authors: Shekikhachev Y A , Batyrov V I , Shekikhacheva L Z , Bolotokov A L , Gubzhokov H L
Published: May 2020

Wear and fatigue are phenomena that limit to some extent the reliability of mechanical systems in almost any modern machine. Traditionally, reliability indicators of power parts of machines are evaluated differentially, according to individual criteria. This is often justified, since in the design of machines there are a lot of parts that “work” only on fatigue under repeated-variable loads. There are also parts that “work” exclusively in conditions of friction, sliding or rolling. However, in reality there are also mechanical systems in which a combination of both phenomena takes place. For example, these are such systems as: “crankshaft-connecting rods of piston engines”; “gearing, camshaft-cam follower”; “axis bearings of centrifugal machines”; “details of the chassis of the car and tractor”; “wheels of rolling stock-rails of the railway track” and a large number of other critical structural elements of various machine components. Consequently, the entire range of scientific research in the design, manufacture and repair of machines should be aimed at ensuring fundamental transformations in technology and creating the prerequisites for the scientific justification of both methods for calculating the accuracy of mechanisms and all technological problems, from the design of the technological process as a whole to a thorough mathematical modeling of its individual components. The currently used methods for calculating the strength by safety factors in a deterministic formulation do not sufficiently take into account the scattering of the characteristics of fatigue resistance, the random nature of the loading of parts and do not provide an estimate at the design stage of the distribution function of the resource of machine elements. At the same time, it is possible to correctly determine the indicators of machine reliability and durability on the basis of these functions.
Features of the modular principle of constructing and manufacturing tools
Authors: Bolotina E M , Parshina S A
Published: May 2020

This article presents the modular principle in tool manufacturing, which allows to distribute the entire range of metal cutting tools currently used in engineering, into eight main modules. A limited range of modules should provide many different instrumental layouts through a variety of combinations and module positions.
Robotic facilities resources of the future mechatronic factories
Authors: Shukalov A V , Zakoldaev D A , Zharinov I O , Zharinov O O
Published: May 2020

The practical problem is to project robotic facilities resources, which are used in the future mechatronic factories. Mechatronic factory robotic facilities resources are software and hardware components of dynamic self-organization factories placed in the intelligent robotic systems (IRS). A structural scheme, which describes the IRS components interaction, which is the base for together unified image of robotic facilities resources in the physical IRS (cloud IRS) is shown. A cyclic diagram of the IRS physical and cloud components interaction is shown. A structural scheme, which describes multi-functional convergence of physical IRS and cloud IRS is shown. Obviously, that robotic facilities resources as a cloud service is the most universal form of the future mechatronic factory in the industrial. Robotic facilities infrastructure primary components are defined, which are necessary to project future mechatronic factory, which specialty in engineering.
Small specialized digital manufacturing in mechanical engineering
Authors: Platonov V V , Sagalakova M M , Timchenko V V , Zheltobruhov E M
Published: May 2020

The problems of creating small specialized digital industries and their role in mechanical engineering are touched upon in this article. It is emphasized that the use of digital technology and modernization of the equipment of existing enterprises for digital technology can bring metal processing to a new higher technological level.
Ensuring industrial safety of pipelines with developed hard sections
Authors: Zharinova N V , Vakulenko M V
Published: May 2020

Oil refining and petrochemicals have a wide demand for pipelines from heat resistant chromium steels. One of the main reasons for frequent failures of more stressed joints may be the presence of wide solid and brittle layers having significant areas in metal volume with maximum clusters of imperfections of metal structure and creating excessive concentration of additional residual deformations and stresses in welded joints, which are most saturated with defects inherent in welded joints. Presence of such extended sections leads to reduction of process strength of welded joints, increases tendency to formation of cold cracks and sharply limits time of laying of thick-walled welded joints of pipelines before subsequent high-temperature thermal treatment. The work carried out studies on welding pipe blanks in order to compare different methods of 5CroMo16 steel treatment during welding and determine the most efficient mode. Regularities of stressed state of different-module structural elements with wide solid layers are established.
Identification of electrical equivalent circuits of research objects by phase-frequency characteristics
Authors: Medvedeva Svetlana N , Chernetsov Vladimir I , Chernetsov Mikhail V , Chernetsova Margarita M
Published: May 2020

The paper discusses methods for identifying electrical equivalent circuits of the studied object based on the analysis of phase-frequency and differential phase-frequency characteristics of the output signal in a wide frequency range, using MathCAD software. As a result, the following possibilities are revealed: establishing a method for connecting several electrical links of the same type in a single electrical circuit; identification of topology of bipolar electrical equivalent circuits for parametric sensors of various types, both separately and as part of bipolar electrical circuits; identification of equivalent circuits of metal-insulator-semiconductor (MIS) structures described by equivalent amplitude-frequency characteristics. A technique for the analysis of electrical equivalent circuits is proposed, based on the study of phase characteristics in the coordinates of phase-frequency and differential-frequency dependencies, called by the authors as “phase portraits” of equivalent circuits of the parametric research object, which allowed determining changes in the values of the equivalent circuit elements. This approach is promising from a metrological point of view, since in measuring phase-frequency parameters, frequency being the most stable parameter measured with very high accuracy compared to other analog values, can be used as a measure to increase the objectivity of the analysis result.
The study of the stress-strain state of the elements of the flange connection under the influence of internal pressure
Authors: Tukaeva R B , Bayazitov M I , Enikeeva A A
Published: May 2020

One of the main requirements that is presented to flange connections (FC) is to ensure uniform tightening torque of fasteners. Violation of this condition may lead to a decrease in FC reliability and an emergency. Regulatory calculations of FC for strength and tightness are carried out under the assumption of creating and maintaining during operation a uniform tightening force of fasteners. There is no information in the literature about whether and how the uneven tightening force affects the stress-strain state of a flange joint. In this paper, we propose such a study based on the method of modeling the stress-strain state of a flange connection. At the first stage, to select the initial data and develop the model, calculations were performed on the strength and tightness of the flat weld flange based on the PASSAT software package. Based on the analysis of changes in bolt loads and stresses, the FC parameters and loading conditions were determined, which are implemented during the development of the FC model and are described in our second article.
Formation and burning of soot particles in a diesel cylinder when working on ethanol-fuel emulsion
Authors: Likhanov V A , Anfilatov A A
Published: May 2020

The chemistry of the processes of formation and burning of soot particles in a diesel cylinder is associated with a large number of chemical reactions and is very complicated. During combustion, the fuel supplied to the engine cylinder does not completely burn out. Complete combustion is hindered by a number of factors: the limited mixture formation and combustion processes in time, the imperfection of the fuel supply and atomization processes, and the uneven concentration of oxygen and fuel. So, with a lack of air and a high temperature of the air charge in the engine cylinder, the supplied fuel undergoes pyrolysis with the formation of products of incomplete oxidation: carbon monoxide, aldehydes, carboxylic acids, soot, and various heavy hydrocarbons. Soot has a large specific surface area, up to 75-80 m2/ g, which leads to its high absorbent capacity. Therefore, when it settles in the engine’s exhaust system, soot absorbs unburned hydrocarbons like a sponge, forming black, ointment-like deposits. With increasing temperature of the exhaust gases, for example, with an increase in engine load, these deposits are prone to ignition.
Post-production lifecycle phases of the fifth technological paradigm based heavy equipment vehicles
Authors: Ignatov V I , Sirotov A V , Tarlakov Ya V , Tesovskiy A Yu , Lapin A S
Published: May 2020

According to the current data Russian Federation is using the considerable amount of outdated heavy equipment vehicles of the third and forth technological paradigm. Some of these heavy equipment vehicles are being used for more than ten years already. At the same time the developed countries have successfully implemented the fifth technological paradigm and are currently advancing towards the sixth technological paradigm. The government of Russian Federation made a decision to improve the capabilities of the heavy equipment vehicles with the benefits of the fifth technological paradigm. This approach requires manufacturers to implement new technologies in product life management including update to the system of technical support to incorporate international standards.
Theoretical calculations of the volume content of nitrogen oxides in a diesel cylinder when operating on methanol
Authors: Anfilatov A A , Chuvashev A N
Published: May 2020

The results of theoretcal calculations on the change in the volume content of nitrogen oxides in the cylinder of a base diesel engine when operating on methanol with separate supply of two fuels, depending on the angle of rotation of the crankshaft, are presented. Their specific values have been determined, for the base engine, allowing to ensure an acceptable value of the concentrations of nitrogen oxides in the combustion products, by improving the design and adjustment characteristics of the diesel engine.
The digital twin of a warehouse robot for Industry 4.0
Authors: Fedotov A A , Sergeev S M , Provotorova E N , Prozhogina T V , Zaslavskaya O Yu
Published: May 2020

One of the most important components in the modern conception Industry 4.0 is the digital twin. The special feature of the mechanical engineering production is the high proportion of time, spent on an interoperational storage. High efficiency of the enterprise activity is connected with the solution of a flexible automatic warehousing system creation. It is necessary to describe structural and dynamic parameters of a robot-stacker in the math formalisms. This will allow to find the optimal ratio between the load capacity, cargo speed and statistic, dynamic indicators of positioning accuracy. The obtained results of a mathematical modeling can be used as the algorithms for an integrated environment of a software development for various automation systems of warehouse processes.
Control algorithms and capabilities of universal UAV
Authors: Mitrashchuk V V , Baranova M P
Published: May 2020

The area of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) has been studied for a long time. They are actively used for military purposes. Nowadays, their application in everyday life to solve the problems of ordinary people has become relevant. There are many UAV designs, but the issue of an effective universal UAV design has not been fully addressed. In this paper, it is proposed to consider a variant of the universal UAV design, which differs from existing solutions and requires the development of its own rules for generating a PWM signal, control and stabilization algorithms, and the assessment of technical characteristics and application possibilities. The paper provides a brief description of the main differences of the proposed universal design from other solutions. It is proposed to consider the necessary control algorithms for UAVs of universal design, which were tested on the developed mathematical model of the UAV flight process of universal design. The basic equations of motion of this UAV are presented. The optimal technical characteristics and examples of using the electric version of the UAV of universal design to solve the problem of processing the field when powered by rechargeable batteries or an electric cable are considered.
Program control of the group of boilers at chp plants (chpps)
Authors: Sokolov Ya A , Shamlitsky Ya I , Korchikov D A , Semidotskiy D A , Boyko D A , Rozmanov I V
Published: May 2020

At Krasnoyarsk CHPP-2, there emerged a necessity of supplying heat to consumers faster in cold months because even short-term absence heating can be critical. The main challenge is to execute complex control process for all boilers at the same time to ensure their gradual heating or cooling. In order to solve this problem, it is suggested to create program control. The software that needs to be created should quickly (7-9 minutes) change the power and control their operation in a timely manner in case of any changes, taking into account the individual specifications of each boiler. Final testing and examination are proposed to be carried out on the created CHPP model.
Digital technologies in mechanical engineering: perspectives, risks
Authors: Borisov A I , Yakovlev S E
Published: May 2020

The relevance of the topic is justified by the rapid development of digital technologies in various spheres of life. The purpose of the article is to review the basic concepts associated with digital technologies. This phenomenon has found a place in almost all industries as an integral part of the final product. In this article, an overview of the basic concepts that explain the meaning of digital technology in engineering. The use of digital technologies in industry today for maximum automation of production processes, robotization, creation of deserted technologies - today it is a key vector of technological development of production facilities around the world, which determines their competitiveness. These technologies will be used directly by enterprises and organizations of machine-building, instrument-making and other industries. As a result of this, the economic effect of the use of new technologies will be the exponential growth of income, productivity growth, and as a result, the growth of competitiveness.
Development of Industrial Control System project for handling goods stored in a finished goods warehouse of bulk goods producers
Authors: Gdanskiy N I , Filinskaya J A , Grigoryan G R
Published: May 2020

Nowadays in the Russian Federation, automation of the main production unit along with additional mechanized side lines is very typical for non-food producers of bulk goods built in the USSR. This pattern is usually supported by outdated mechanical equipment in the side lines that requires manual control of processes. Therefore, the situation when the finished goods warehouse is the weak spot of the enterprise is very common. It may reduce the overall productive efficiency, increase manufacturing costs and decrease the main economic indicators of the entire enterprise. The article studies currently important development of a project of an automated control system for the process of handling goods in the finished goods warehouse (Industrial Control System for Handling Finished Goods), integrated into the centralized enterprise control system on the basis of a single information space. The paper is focused on the standard structure of a finished goods warehouse where the finished goods are reloaded into a temporary storage of bunker type. Standard scheme for installation of the operational units’ sensors is also considered as well as some issues of operational unit manual control management and common technological constraints. Key project objectives are formulated. A typical standalone operator task is formulated for the Industrial Control System for Handling Finished Goods. At the end of the article, a model for organizing the Industrial Control System for Handling Finished Goods algorithm into conceptual units is proposed.
Analysis of load distribution unevenness in ball screw with a separator
Authors: Abdulin R R , Bolshakov V V , Podshibnev V A , Samsonovich S L
Published: May 2020

The work is devoted to the actual problem of liner electromechanical actuator designing. The object of study is a ball screw with a separator, the presence of which in the design provides increased reliability and causes a lower manufacturing cost due to the absence of a nut with an internal thread. A calculated solid model of a ball screw with a separator is compiled, its stress-strain states are determined. The coefficient of the load distribution unevenness over the turns of the gears is determined for a different ratio of the diameter of the ball and the width of the bridge of the separator. The axial stiffness of the transmission is determined.