bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Factors Affecting the Functioning and Effectiveness of Electoral Systems in Iraq
Authors: Hamid Esraa
Published: November 2024

The legitimacy of the authority in its exercise of its authority over the governed in democratic systems is linked through the election of these rulers with free and fair elections organized through an electoral system.  effective representation in Parliament.
   In Iraq, which adopted the parliamentary system after 2005, the electoral systems were affected by a number of factors, by several electoral processes, which had a significant impact on the weakness and instability of the electoral system, as well as the diversity of the electoral system between the closed-list system, the "proportional representation system", and the development into  The "open lists system", as a result of societal developments imposed by the stage, as the Iraqi legislator switched from the proportional representation system with the lists system to the system of individual nomination and medium-numbered constituencies, which we will address in the body of the research.
The effect of information processing based on sensory modeling in learning to shoot from jumping high in handball
Authors: Morsi Marwa Omar
Published: November 2024

The development of the students' ability to process information through understanding, remembering, and cognition, as well as their reliance on many forms, such as classification of this information, analysis, storage, and retrieval when necessary, according to the student's sensory modeling systems (visual, auditory, sensory), which constitutes a unique way for her to receive knowledge and information. and experience, arranging and organizing this information, recording, encoding, and retaining it, and then recalling it when needed. Because of the significance of this, as well as the fact that the educational curricula used in teaching handball do not include those important information-processing strategies, as well as a lack of attention to sensory modeling (visual, auditory, sensory) that the student enjoys, the researcher resorted to better educational alternatives. By developing an educational curriculum for information processing strategy, sensory modeling systems were used to learn and retain some basic handball skills. The study sought to develop a learning curriculum that includes information processing based on sensory modeling (audio-visual-sensory) in order to teach the skill of shooting from a high jump in handball.  In order to identify the difference between those with sensory modeling (visual - auditory - sensory) in the amount of information processing and in learning some shooting skill from jumping high with the handball, as well as the effect of the prepared curriculum. The researcher used a dual-design experimental method. This study was conducted on 86 female second-grade students at the College of Physical Education for Girls / University of Baghdad for the academic year 2021-2022. A sensory modeling test (visual, auditory, sensory), and a handball shooting skill test were also conducted. The researcher concluded the following:

The suitability of the information processing strategy curriculum for modeling women and their mental characteristics has resulted in positive results in increasing information processing ability and learning the fundamental skill of shooting from high jumping in handball.

The ability of female students with sensory models to process information is superior to that of female learners with visual and auditory models.
The Impact of Lean Operations on Banking Service Quality A Field Study in the Bank of Baghdad
Authors: Khalf Modher
Published: November 2024

The current research aims to demonstrate the impact of agile operations with their dimensions (leadership, culture, administrative communication) as an independent variable in the quality of banking service (reliability, response, guarantee, empathy, tangibility) as a dependent variable, in the Bank of Baghdad in Iraq, and to achieve the goal of the research, the researcher presented a framework A methodology for research and a comprehensive theoretical framework based on the latest sources that dealt with variables, and a field framework for analyzing and testing research hypotheses, by relying on the questionnaire as a basic tool for collecting data from the researched field. The researcher relied on the descriptive-analytical approach, through which the researcher tries to describe the phenomenon in question, for this the researcher relied on the comprehensive inventory method in determining the sample size, and then formulating a set of hypotheses that were statistically tested according to the statistical package (SPSS) program. She is one of the employees of the Bank of Baghdad, and the research sample was determined by (86) respondents, and the research reached several conclusions, the most important of which was the existence of a positive moral correlation between the variable Agile operations in their dimensions and the quality of banking service, and this relationship can be explained that the Bank of Baghdad's interest in agile operations by focusing on activities of value and getting rid of activities that do not add any value and unnecessary and thus focus on efforts on the quality of service for the beneficiaries in the bank. The research presented a set of recommendations, the most important of which should be focus and work on developing and training employees in the bank on an ongoing basis on the concept and tools of agile operations so that they enjoy professional awareness, culture and sufficient awareness of various activities, procedures and developments in the business environment, especially accounting and the factors that may affect the quality of service provided in the bank.
Authority of the Court with regard to the technical opinion in the civil case (Comparative study)
Authors: Ismail Luay Abdulhaq
Published: November 2024

Some of the issues before the Court go beyond the knowledge of the Court because of their purely technical and scientific nature. The law therefore allows the court to use the technical opinion to reach a speedy and equitable solution to the dispute. As the technical opinion concerned topics beyond the knowledge of the Court, this point raised questions about the authority of the Court to monitor the expert's technical work with regard to the procedures for the appointment, supervision and termination of the expert. Also on the merits, the authority of the Court to evaluate the expert's opinion to determine the extent to which the Court is bound by the statements and conclusions of the expert's report or to evaluate the opposing technical opinions. The position of the Iraqi legislator to regulate the subject matter of expertise and compare it with the aforementioned Egyptian and Lebanese legislation demonstrates the need to address certain procedural aspects in order to give the court greater procedural authority so as not to delay the consideration of the case.
The impact of a training program on developing various physiological indicators for the Babylon emergency police personnel
Authors: Hadi Ahmed Faris , Hassan Haider Flayh
Published: November 2024

The lack of comprehensiveness of the curriculum utilized in educating the Babylon Governorate Emergency Police Regiment on new training programs was the research's difficulty. It is unable to maintain with advances in the field of physical training, which plays an important role in the development of physical qualities and abilities that fighters require from physical training in order to withstand the tasks and difficulties required by the duties assigned to them under various circumstances in order to complete the tasks quickly and with high accuracy in hitting targets. The researcher decided to prepare a training program targeting some physiological indicators for members of the Babylonian Province Emergency Police Regiment. Despite the exertions and distractions of combat, as well as the amount of confidence and will, it's entirely possible that a’s good physical condition and fighting ability increased the military proficiency of Babylon Governorate Emergency Police personnel. The research aims to prepare a training program for members of the Babylon Governorate Emergency Police Regiment. And to identify the impact of the training program in developing some physiological indicators for the members of the Babylon Governorate Emergency Police Regiment. The researcher used the experimental method and the method of the two groups (experimental and control) with pre- and post-testing, to suit the nature of the research and its problem. The research community was identified by members of the Babylon Emergency Police Regiment, numbering (380), the researcher chose his research sample by two platoons of the aforementioned regiment (60) fighters and by (15.78%) of the original community in a random way (lottery) and they were divided into two groups, one experimental (30) fighters and the other officer (30) fighters. The training of the experimental group was conducted according to the proposed training program on Sunday, Monday, Tuesday and Wednesday of each week, for a period of twelve weeks, i.e. (48) training units. The most important conclusion is that the proposed training program has a positive impact on the development of some job indicators, and this is what the research aspires to.
The effect of a counseling program to develop learning motives for some soccer skills for students
Authors: Hamzah Hasan Fadhil , Najm Mohammed Rashid
Published: November 2024

This paper aims to prepare a counselling program to develop learning motives and increase students’ eagerness to raise their self-confidence while entering the football field. The researchers used the descriptive method in the survey method and the experimental method in the two equal group methods. The research community included the students of the first stage of the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences - Babylon University for the academic year (2020-2021), numbering (110) students. The research sample was divided into the exploratory sample, numbering (10) students, and the sample applying for the extension program, numbering (40) students, which was divided into (20) students from an experimental group and (20) students from a control group. Several conclusions were reached, including a low level of learning motivation among first-year students in the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences towards the performance of some skills on the football field, and the counselling program had a positive impact in developing learning motivation among first-year students in the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, University of Babylon.
Dimensions of intellectual capital as an input in promoting organizational excellence: an exploratory study of the views of administrative leaders in the presidency of Tikrit University
Authors: Taraq Azeez Kourdi ,Najim Suhel Najim ,Sohaib Abdulrahman Tuama1
Published: November 2024

The study aimed to know the effect of intellectual capital through its dimensions that were adopted in the study model (human capital, relational capital, structural capital) in promoting organizational excellence through its dimensions (leadership, strategy, human resources, organizational structure) ,for the purpose of determining the nature and type of this relationship, the researchers used the questionnaire after collecting data from a sample consisting of (145) respondents working in the presidency of Tikrit University, and after the distribution process, (143) questionnaires valid for analysis were retrieved and many statistical tests were used to obtain the required results, which It was represented by each of Cronbach's alpha coefficient to measure the reliability of the study variables, Pearson's correlation coefficient, the arithmetic mean, standard deviation and relative importance, as well as linear regression to measure the effect of the independent variable on the dependent variable, and through which results were reached represented by the presence of a strong correlation between intellectual capital and organizational excellence with an effect Moral of intellectual capital and its dimensions on organizational excellence.
The importance of foreign direct investment in the development of the natural gas industry in Iraq
Authors: Algerian Hussein Haider Mohammed , Matar Khaled
Published: November 2024

The natural gas sector in Iraq is one of the most important sources of energy after oil, as this sector imposed itself to be a major factor and supportive of economic policy, so it is necessary to develop plans and strategies for its optimal investment through specialized foreign investments in this field to reduce and prevent burning gas, raise its productivity and increase its reserves and exports, thus achieving economic diversification of the country and not relying on crude oil as the only source to supplement the general budget foreign.
Path analysis of the impact of the most essential motor features and muscular abilities on the execution of several fundamental skills for futsal players
Authors: Jabr Wahb Razzaq , Abbas Laith Rasim
Published: November 2024

The study decided to determine the motor features, physical abilities, and fundamental skills of futsal players. Additionally, route analysis can detect both direct and indirect impacts. The most crucial are motor characteristics and physical capacity in completing certain fundamental futsal techniques. The researchers employed the descriptive approach in the form of survey studies. The route analysis model is built using both the research technique and the causal links approach. The research community included players from the first division league clubs in Babil Governorate in futsal for the sports season (2022-2023), The number of them is (53) players representing (4) clubs, and due to the limited number of the research community, which is (52) players, the entire research community was chosen to apply the research steps. (12) players were chosen to conduct the reconnaissance experiment, with (3) players from each team, and (40) players to conduct the main experiment. The researcher processed the data by using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS), twenty-fifth edition, and the AMOS program, twenty-fourth edition. In light of the results reached by the current research, and the subsequent interpretations, the researcher can come to several conclusions Perhaps the most prominent of these is proving the validity of the causal model of path analysis in stating and clarifying the primacy of variables in terms of them being independent, mediating, and dependent. As well as the emergence of direct and indirect effects between the independent variables (the most important motor characteristics), the mediating variable (muscular ability), and the dependent variables (some basic skills).
The danger of using unknown sources in social media
Authors: Hussein Bader Nasser
Published: November 2024

Anonymizing the sources is a source of professional and ethical concern in news reporting, given that concealing sources necessarily means an upcoming danger related to that source, whether it is a government, institutions, or influential people, and the public may be dealing with a torrent of media today from various points of view. Receiving and communicating, whether traditional media or digital publishing means (websites, electronic newspapers, blogs, mass media, social media), in light of the spread of the media, which is considered the most prominent throughout the history of the development of means of communication, which has become a major presence in the formation of today’s societies, in Its ability to reduce space, time, and gravity until it was called (media society, cognitive society, digital society), so that the era in which societies live can be described as the era of social communication.
The distinctive speed-related strength of the arms and its relationship to the precision of completing the smashing skills in volleyball among the players of the Karbala Governorate Education Team for middle schools
Authors: Saad Ahmed
Published: November 2024

The research was divided into four chapters, the first of which included an introduction and discussion of the research's significance.  Speed is one of the most significant physical qualities for enhancing performance levels in various sports events and activities.
 In volleyball, the importance of research is stressed in how to increase strength defined by speed in volleyball players' arms.  As one of the reasons for increasing the degree of performance in the precision of smash hits.  The research topic focuses on players' weaknesses in the speed and accuracy of smash hit performance as a result of a deficiency in their arm power, which is defined by speed. As for the aim of the research, it is to identify the power characterized by speed for the arms and its relationship to the accuracy of the performance of the smash hit skill in volleyball. The researcher used the descriptive method and the research sample was selected from volleyball players for the Karbala Governorate Education Team for middle schools. To process the data, the researcher used statistical methods represented by the arithmetic mean, standard deviation, percentage and Pearson correlation coefficient. In the third chapter, the researcher presented and discussed the results, where the arithmetic mean and standard deviation of the research variables were extracted, and the researcher came out with the following conclusions, including: - There is a significant correlation between the crushing hit in volleyball by the front line players and the distinctive speed strength of the arms in the research sample. The most important recommendation was to provide special training to develop the distinctive speed strength of the arms of volleyball players.
The impact of cognitive apprenticeship strategy on students' ability to learn football handling and scoring skills
Authors: Ibrahim Taher Yahya
Published: November 2024

The cognitive apprenticeship technique attempts to develop students with strong thinking and performance skills. Encourage them to solidify their thoughts. In addition, it helps students to be more understanding when participating in educational activities. In addition to interacting in groups and completing real-world activities. In order to apply what they have learnt in school settings, particularly while mastering critical and challenging abilities. The study's significance is demonstrated by the function of the cognitive apprenticeship approach in learning how to handle and shoot a football. The research challenge is to overcome the problems that students have when completing the abilities of handling and shooting a football. In addition to breaking free of stereotypes and routines in the learning process. In addition, the concepts of a new cognitive technique are applied, which maximizes students' capacities and potential. As for the research problem, it lies in the fluctuations in the levels of some students, and difficulties in learning skills. Which requires the use of appropriate methods that lead to increasing the motivation of learners towards positive learning. The researcher used the curriculum and the research sample was fifth grade students in Al-Thawra Intermediate School / in Babylon Governorate.
Pengolahan Produksi Kripik Usus Di Home Industry Raja Food Desa Pundong Kabupaten Jombang Perspektif Hukum Bisnis Syari’ah
Authors: Irchas Hidayatus Zahro  , Trinah Asi Islami
Published: November 2024

Penelitian ini bermaksud untuk mengkaji Pengolahan Produksi Kripik Usus Di Home Industry Raja Food Desa Pundong Perspektif Hukum Bisnis Syari’ah. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian yuridis empiris, dengan pendekatan konseptual dan dianalisis menggunakan metode induktif dan deskriptif. Proses pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik observasi, wawancara, dokumentasi, dan data kepustakaan. Metode Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjawab dari pertanyaan-pertanyaa yang menjadi rumusan masalah: (1) Untuk mengetahui dan mengkaji pengolahan produksi kripik usus di home industry raja food Desa Pundong Kecamatan Diwek Kabupaten Jombang, (2) Untuk mengetahui dan mengkaji perspektif hukum bisnis syariah terhadap pengolahan produksi kripik usus di home industry raja food Desa Pundong Kecamatan Diwek Kabupaten Jombang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa home industry raja food Desa Pundong Kecamatan Diwek Kabupaten Jombang. Belum bisa sepenuhnya memenuhi prinsip hukum bisnis syariah. Karena home industry raja food masih belum memberikan kejelasan kehalan terhadap produk kripik usus tersebut dan dari pemilik usaha juga tidak memberikan ketengan yang jujur terkait bahan tambahan yang ada di dalam proses produksi tersebut. Sikap Kurang jujur yang dimiliki pelaku usaha mengakibatkan produk kripik usus tersebut belum lolos sertifikat halal sampai pada saat ini.
Literature Study: Accuracy of Fraud Triangle Theory Analysis in Identifying Financial Statement Fraud
Authors: Pratiwi Aprilia Chandra , Norhamida Hana
Published: November 2024

The focus of this study is to identify what components are used in identifying fraud in financial statements using the perspective of fraud triangle theory and to find out whether the fraud triangle theory is accurate in detecting fraud in financial statements. This is important to do because there are still many cases of financial statement fraud and will have an impact on decision-making by stakeholders. This scientific work uses a qualitative approach. Data analysis uses literature study techniques. The results of the study show that factors that can detect financial statement fraud include Financial Stability, Financial Targets, Personal Financial Needs, External Pressure, Nature of Industry, Ineffective Monitoring, Auditor Change and Audit Committee. These factors have been proven to have an effect on the occurrence of financial statement fraud so that the Fraud Triangle theory is accurate in detecting financial statement fraud.
Analysis of Accounting Information System on the Operational Implementation of Sales of Services and Insurance Claims at PT Asuransi Jiwa Manulife Indonesia
Authors: Kusumawardhanie Nabhilla , Dwirini Dwirini
Published: November 2024

This study was made with the aim of finding out the accounting information system in the operational implementation of service sales and insurance claims at PT Asuransi Jiwa Manulife Indonesia. The research method chosen is a type of qualitative research using an approach and described descriptively. The resource persons obtained from several parties were branch administration employees, one of the customers and branch leaders by collecting data through interviews and observations. The problems with PT Asuransi Jiwa Manulife Indonesia are that server services on the website often have errors when uploading documents so that they can hinder operations, too many applications are used so that they cannot be integrated properly, the understanding of insurance products in agents is still low, the recording of accounting information systems is manual so that it is prone to errors when entering report data,  Many customers complained about the claim fund disbursement process which took a long time. Based on this problem, the author provides a solution for the company to collaborate with the IT team to create an application or website that becomes a unit so that it can be easily accessed by customers and all agents at PT Asuransi Jiwa Manulife Indonesia.
Evaluation of Control Activities in the Inventory Purchasing System (Case Study at PT. GSI)
Authors: Andini Aura Azzalea , Kurniawan Siswandaru
Published: November 2024

Purchasing inventory is a critical aspect of the production process in any company. PT GSI conducts purchasing from suppliers to meet its production needs. This research aims to evaluate the control activities of the inventory purchasing system implemented at PT GSI. Using a qualitative approach, interviews were conducted with relevant departments to gather data. The study evaluates the system based on the COSO framework, which revealed several inconsistencies. A significant finding is that there is no adequate separation of duties at PT GSI, with administrative and financial tasks often handled by the same staff. Additionally, there is a lack of access control to the system, as tasks are still performed manually without sufficient safeguards. The research suggests that improvements are needed in terms of task separation and system access control to align with COSO standards. Implementing these improvements would help PT GSI minimize risks such as fraud and operational inefficiencies. Moreover, operational control would be better facilitated, ensuring smoother processes without interruptions. This study emphasizes the importance of internal control systems, especially in purchasing operations, to prevent potential financial and reputational losses. Ensuring compliance with COSO and other industry standards would enhance the company's overall operational effectiveness.
Efforts to Develop Tourism Village Programs in an Effort to Improve Original Village Income in Gronjong Wariti Tourism Village, Mejono Village Plemahan District, Kediri Regency
Authors: Adelia Farindi Mifta , Prasetiyo Yudhi
Published: November 2024

Gronjong Wariti is a village tourism that has the characteristic of providing a tourist village as an entertainment object for tourists. The development of Gronjog Wariti Tourism Village has been attempted to develop to face a number of obstacles, including the many informal tourism managers. This research method is descriptive qualitative. The subjects are the Head of Mejono Village, the Head of the Gronjong Wariti Tourism Village Management Board, community leaders and residents of Gronjong Wariti Tourism Village. Interviews and observations are used in data collection. In this study, data analysis was carried out by collecting data, reducing data and presenting data to draw conclusions. The findings of this study explain that efforts to develop Gronjong Wariti Tourism Village can be seen from the aspects of tourist objects and attractions, tourism infrastructure, tourism facilities, and management/infrastructure management, the community. In terms of tourist objects and destinations, the village government has coordinated with the people to clean and rearrange tourist objects so that they can be visited by tourists. In terms of tourism infrastructure, the management of Gronjong Wariti Tourism Village works together with the community to provide places of worship, parking lots, toilets, food stalls, souvenir shops, and others. In terms of tourism facilities, the management of Gronjong Wariti Tourism Village has collaborated with the community to provide home accommodation and transportation services for tourists. In terms of management/infrastructure, the village government has developed a regulatory system to manage and develop tourism villages. In terms of the village community, the village government has made socialization to the community and tourism managers.
Implementation of Compensation Management at PT Parkland World Indonesia Jepara
Authors: Ningrum Merliana Widya Kharisma , Daurrohmah Eka Wirajuang
Published: November 2024

This research aims to examine the implementation of compensation management that has been carried out by the company in the F1 PT PWI Jepara building. This research's main objective is to explore and assess how the implementation of compensation management is done in the company. The method used in this research is a qualitative descriptive method with interview techniques. Several employees at the F1 PT PWI Jepara building were the main informants taken by the author from different departments. The research results show that the compensation provided is not in line with employee expectations; the workload given to employees is not commensurate with the compensation received; work environment that influences employee work productivity; and there are no studies to measure employee satisfaction with compensation in the F1 PT PWI Jepara building. The implication is that to restore employee enthusiasm, the company must determine strategic steps, reduce workload, provide a sense of security and comfort in the work environment, and conduct an evaluation of employee job satisfaction in the PT PWI Jepara F1 building.
Embryo movement is required for limb tendon maturation
Authors: Rolfe Rebecca A. , Bastürkmen Ebru Talak , Sliney Lauren , Hayden Grace , Dunne Nicholas , Buckley Niamh , McCarthy Helen , Szczesny Spencer E. , Murphy Paula
Published: November 2024

Introduction

Following early cell specification and tenocyte differentiation at the sites of future tendons, very little is known about how tendon maturation into robust load-bearing tissue is regulated. Between embryonic day (E)16 and E18 in the chick, there is a rapid change in mechanical properties which is dependent on normal embryo movement. However, the tissue, cellular and molecular changes that contribute to this transition are not well defined.

Methods

Here we profiled aspects of late tendon development (collagen fibre alignment, cell organisation and Yap pathway activity), describing changes that coincide with tissue maturation. We compared effects of rigid (constant static loading) and flaccid (no loading) immobilisation to gain insight into developmental steps influenced by mechanical cues.

Results

We show that YAP signalling is active and responsive to movement in late tendon. Collagen fibre alignment increased over time and under static loading. Cells organise into end-to-end stacked columns with increased distance between adjacent columns, where collagen fibres are deposited; this organisation was lost following both types of immobilisation.

Discussion

We conclude that specific aspects of tendon maturation require controlled levels of dynamic muscle-generated stimulation. Such a developmental approach to understanding how tendons are constructed will inform future work to engineer improved tensile load-bearing tissues.
AI’s pivotal impact on redefining stakeholder roles and their interactions in medical education and health care
Authors: Reuben Jayne S. , Meiri Hila , Arien-Zakay Hadar
Published: November 2024

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has the potential to revolutionize medical training, diagnostics, treatment planning, and healthcare delivery while also bringing challenges such as data privacy, the risk of technological overreliance, and the preservation of critical thinking. This manuscript explores the impact of AI and Machine Learning (ML) on healthcare interactions, focusing on faculty, students, clinicians, and patients. AI and ML's early inclusion in the medical curriculum will support student-centered learning; however, all stakeholders will require specialized training to bridge the gap between medical practice and technological innovation. This underscores the importance of education in the ethical and responsible use of AI and emphasizing collaboration to maximize its benefits. This manuscript calls for a re-evaluation of interpersonal relationships within healthcare to improve the overall quality of care and safeguard the welfare of all stakeholders by leveraging AI's strengths and managing its risks.
Spatial-temporal evolution of land use carbon emissions and influencing factors in Zibo, China
Authors: Li Lijing , Zhang Xiaoping , Yu Lu , Xiao Huabin
Published: November 2024

The global climate crisis is escalating, and how to reduce land use carbon emission (LUCE) while promoting social and economic development is a global issue. The purpose of this study was to investigate the spatio-temporal evolution characteristics and influencing factors of LUCE at the county scale. To accomplish this goal, based on Zibo County land use data and societal energy consumption statistics, for predicting the net LUCE in 2010, 2015, and 2020. GIS spatial analysis and spatial autocorrelation model were utilized to investigate the spatio-temporal evolution characteristics of LUCE. The geographical and temporal weighted regression (GTWR) model was used to investigate the influencing factors and spatial differences. The findings demonstrate that: (1) the rate of land use change in Zibo City decreased between 2010 and 2020, with the overall land use motivation falling from 0.14% to 0.09%. The area of arable land, forest land, and grassland decreased, while the amount of water, developed land, and unutilized land increased. Between 2010 and 2020, net carbon emissions in Zibo City increased significantly, from 3.011 × 107tC to 3.911 × 107tC. The spatial distribution of LUCE followed a clear pattern of “elevated in the east and diminished in the west, elevated in the south and diminished in the north.” The spatial agglomeration characteristics of LUCE are obvious, and the overall trend of the Moran I value is falling, from 0.219 to 0.212. The elements that determine LUCE vary greatly by location, with the most major influences being, in descending order, energy consumption per unit of GDP, urbanization rate, land-use efficiency, and population size. The energy consumption per unit of GDP has the greatest impact on Linzi District, with coefficients ranging from 55.4 to 211.5. The study clearly depicts the spatio-temporal distribution of carbon emissions resulting from land use in Zibo City and the factors that contribute to them. Simultaneously, it provides a scientific framework for improving land use structure and implementing low-carbon programs throughout the region.
Photodegradation of clofibric acid in urban, town, and rural waters: important roles of dissolved organic matter composition
Authors: Chen Jingting , Wen Hairong , Yu Chunlei , Yin Yuxuan , Zhang Yidi , Wang Hongbin , Huang Ying , Wang Kan
Published: November 2024

Natural photolysis was the primary pathway for the transformation of pharmaceutical contaminants in surface water, whereas it could be easily influenced by dissolved organic matter (DOM). This study examined the complex effects of DOM on clofibric acid (CA) photodegradation in urban, town, and rural waters. Our results indicated rural water was the most conducive to CA photolysis followed by town water, then urban water. Quenching experiments revealed humic acid (HA) influenced the direct photolysis of CA mainly through two physical ways: internal filtering and active site competition. Reactive oxygen species were identified to be the main reason for CA photodegradation with fulvic acid (FA) or tyrosine (Tyr) involved, including hydroxyl radicals (OH•), singlet oxygen (1O2), and excited triplet DOM (3DOM*). We found that hydroxyl radical oxidation, C-O bond breaking, dechlorination, and rechlorination occurred in CA photolysis. Comparative eco-toxicity results showed that the toxicity of products during the CA natural photodegradation process with DOM involved was higher than CA itself, especially in urban waters. This finding emphasized the potential ecological risk of direct CA discharges in natural water and the need to develop risk management strategies that were critical to the health and sustainability of ecosystems.
Impedance measurement of rolling bearings using an unbalanced AC wheatstone bridge
Authors: Puchtler Steffen , van der Kuip Julius , Becker-Dombrowsky Florian Michael , Kirchner Eckhard
Published: November 2024

Industry 4.0 drives the demand for cost-efficient and reliable process data and condition monitoring. Therefore, visualizing the state of tribological contacts becomes important, as they are regularly found in the center of many applications. Utilizing rolling element bearings as sensors and monitoring their health by the electrical impedance method are promising approaches as it allows, e.g., load sensing and detection of bearing failures. The impedance cannot be measured directly, but there are various methods available. This paper discusses advantages and disadvantages and suggests the AC Wheatstone bridge as a reliable way of measuring impedances with low phase angles at sampling rates in the kHz range. The corresponding equations are introduced, a simulation built, an uncertainty mode and effects analysis carried out and sample measurement results of real rolling elements shown. It can be demonstrated that the AC Wheatstone bridge meets the proposed requirements for sensory utilization and condition monitoring when the bearing is operated in the hydrodynamic regime.
Case report: How I do it? Laparoscopic hepatectomy with transcatheter arterial ICG staining for hepatolithiasis review
Authors: Xu Jingyi , Qian Xinye , Yang Wei , Yu Fei , Yang Yufan , Hu Wang , Gao Lu , Wang Shuang , Wu Liusheng , Zhao Yutong , Yang Lei , Zhang Lin , Yan Jun
Published: November 2024

Background

Hepatolithiasis is regarded as the presence of stones in the intrahepatic bile ducts. Recurrent inflammation of bile ducts can bring many bad effects. How to completely remove stones is still a challenge.

Presentation

A 66-year-old male went to our hospital because of hepatolithiasis and choledocholithiasis. Selective hepatic arteriography and transcatheter arterial embolization followed by laparoscopic watershed hepatectomy under fluorescent navigation and laparoscopic common bile duct exploration on mass removal are performed.

Clinical discussion

For patients who suffer from hepatolithiasis, the main treatment principles of the operation are to remove the stones, correct the stenosis, and prevent recurrence. The laparoscopic watershed hepatectomy under fluorescent navigation can provide important support for precision liver surgery, which can give some suggestions for future hepatectomy.

Conclusion

Based on the three-dimensional (3D) visual watershed analysis, trans-arterial DSA positive fluorescence navigation has some advantages, which successfully overcome the shortcomings of the reverse staining method and the positive staining method.
Akkermansia muciniphila: new insights into resistance to gastrointestinal stress, adhesion, and protein interaction with human mucins through optimised in vitro trials and bioinformatics tools
Authors: Vergalito Franca , Bagnoli Diletta , Maiuro Lucia , Pannella Gianfranco , Palombo Valentino , Testa Bruno , Coppola Francesca , Di Marco Roberto M. A. , Tremonte Patrizio , Lombardi Silvia J. , Iorizzo Massimo , Coppola Raffaele , Succi Mariantonietta
Published: November 2024

According to the FAO/WHO guidelines, selection of probiotics requires the assessment of survival under gastrointestinal stress and adhesion to human epithelial cells. These attributes were evaluated on Akkermansia muciniphila ATCC BAA-835 simulating the gastrointestinal transit (GIT) immediately followed by adhesion to human intestinal cell lines (CaCo2, HT-29, and HT-29-MTX) as an alternative approach to in vitro methods performed with fresh cells in each trial. The survival rate after GIT, as determined by plate counts and fluorescent probes, was significantly higher for A. muciniphila (about 8 Log CFU/mL) than for the probiotic Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus GG ATCC 53103 (about 3 Log CFU/mL). The use of Live/Dead assay highlighted that A. muciniphila forms cell aggregates in the gastric phase as protective mechanism, explaining its high viability in the intestine. The rate of adhesion to human cell lines was always lower for strains tested after simulated GIT than for strains that did not undergo simulated GIT. Akkermansia muciniphila exhibited significantly higher adhesion than Lbs. rhamnosus GG, particularly to the mucus-secreting HT-29-MTX cells across a range of concentrations (2–8 Log CFU/mL). Finally, the bioinformatic analysis of A. muciniphila proteome confirmed the Amuc_1434 as a potential factor in binding to the human MUC2 protein.
Double effects of mitigating cyanobacterial blooms using modified clay technology: regulation and optimization of the microbial community structure
Authors: Zhu Jianan , Yu Zhiming , Cao Xihua , Jiang Wenbin , He Liyan , Zang Xiaomiao , Song Xiuxian
Published: November 2024

Harmful algal blooms (HABs) are global hazards under global climate change and eutrophication conditions. Modified clay (MC) method is widely used to control HABs in Asian and American coastal waters. However, little research has been conducted on the underlying mechanisms by which MC controls blooms in freshwater environments. Herein, experiments and bioinformatics analyses were conducted for MC-based control of freshwater blooms in a closed water body with an area of approximately 240 m2 in the Fuchun River, China. Results revealed that the dominant bloom species were Microcystis, and an 87.68–97.01% removal efficiency of whole algal biomass was achieved after 3 h of MC treatment. The weaker zeta potentials of Microcystis species and hydrophilic groups such as O-H and P-O-P in the extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) surrounding Microcystis cells made them easier to be flocculated and removed by MC particles, and the relative abundance of Microcystis decreased to 29.12% and that of Cyanobium increased to 40.97%. Therefore, MC changes the cyanobacterial community structure, which is accompanied by the elimination of Microcystis sp. apical dominance and enhanced competition between Cyanobium and Microcystis in the phytoplankton community, increasing cyanobacterial community diversity. Under MC treatment, residual microorganisms, including cyanobacteria, had a high potential for DNA damage repair and were more likely to survive after being subjected to oxidative stress. In the meanwhile, the abundance of genes involved in genetic information processing, signal transduction, and photosynthesis was decreased indicating that the residual microbiome was week in proliferation and light energy harvesting. Therefore, accompanied with the destruction of Microcystis colonies, MC changes the function of cyanobacteria and phycosphere microbiome, further hindering bloom development. These findings illustrate that MC can regulate and optimize the microbial community structure through which MC controls cyanobacterial blooms in ecosystems.
Testing the impact of hatha yoga on task switching: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Szaszkó Bence , Schmid Rebecca Rosa , Pomper Ulrich , Maiworm Mira , Laiber Sophia , Lange Max Josef , Tschenett Hannah , Nater Urs Markus , Ansorge Ulrich
Published: November 2024

Switching attention between or within tasks is part of the implementation and maintenance of executive control processes and plays an indispensable role in our daily lives: It allows us to perform on distinct tasks and with variable objects, enabling us to adapt to and respond in dynamically changing environments. Here, we tested if yoga could benefit switching of attention between distinct objects of one’s focus (e.g., through practicing switching between one’s own body, feelings, and different postures) in particular and executive control in general. We therefore conducted a randomized controlled trial with 98 participants and a waitlisted control group. In the intervention group, healthy yoga novices practiced Hatha yoga 3x a week, for 8 weeks. We conducted two experiments: A purely behavioral task investigating changes in behavioral costs during switching between attentional control sets (74 participants analyzed), and a modality-switching task focusing on electrophysiology (EEG data of 47 participants analyzed). At the electrophysiological level, frequency-tagging indicated no interventional effect on participants’ ability to switch between the auditory and visual modalities. However, increases in task-related frontocentral theta activity, resulting from the intervention, indicated an ability to increasingly deploy executive resources to the prioritized task when needed. At the behavioral level, our intervention resulted in more efficient holding of target representations in working memory, indicated by decreased mixing costs. Again, however, intervention effects on switching costs were missing. We, thus, conclude that Hatha yoga has a positive influence on executive control, potentially through improvements in working memory rather than directly on switching.

Clinical trial registration

clinicaltrials.gov, identifier [NCT05232422].
Can digitalization improve the equality and equity of food environment? Evidence from greengrocers in central Shanghai
Authors: He Zhongyu , Chen Xiaoxu
Published: November 2024

Introduction

Online food shopping has a profound impact on people’s food acquisition behavior, the current study aims to understand how online food shopping may affect the accessibility of the local food environment and further influence the health equity among different populations.

Methods

Taking 8512 traditional and online greengrocers in central Shanghai as an example, this paper uses Gini coefficient, location quotient and spatial clustering method to compare the equality and equity of food environment between physical and digital food outlets.

Results

It finds that spatial equality is more significantly improved as a result of online food stores than are population equality and social equity of the food environment; older populations are not disadvantaged in terms of healthy food access but lower-income people are; the impact of online stores varies for different regions and different types of stores; depot-based stores have the most positive impact on health equity.

Discussion

Policy implications are discussed to promote the environmental justice of healthy food accessibility.
Acute pancreatitis following asparaginase treatment in pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia with a heterozygous SPINK1 c.194 + 2T>C intronic variant: a case report
Authors: Zhou Hua , Lu Jun , Wang Tao , Gu Xiaoyan , Li Xueya , Zhao Jing
Published: November 2024

Background

Asparaginase is a critical component of chemotherapy for pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), but its use is often complicated by asparaginase-associated pancreatitis (AAP). Genetic predispositions, such as variants in the SPINK1 gene, have been linked to an increased risk of pancreatitis. However, the role of genetic factors in relation to asparaginase treatment remains incompletely understood, partly because mutations in pancreatitis-causing genes are rarely found in pediatric ALL.

Case description

A four-year and three-month-old Chinese girl was admitted to our hospital due to fever for half a day, with no history of significant prior medical history. Initial blood tests revealed hematological abnormalities, including leukopenia, anemia, and thrombocytosis. Bone marrow aspiration identified 81.5% blast cells with B-lymphocyte morphology and immunophenotype, leading to a diagnosis of B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL). The patient began treatment under the CCCG-ALL-2015 protocol, which included PEG-asparaginase (PEG-asp). On day 10 of induction, she developed AAP, which was primarily characterized by severe epigastric pain and elevated serum amylase. Despite effective symptom management with analgesics and anti-inflammatory therapy, AAP recurred following administration of L-asparaginase (L-asp). Genetic analysis revealed a heterozygous SPINK1 c.194 + 2T>C variant (rs148954387), a well-known pathogenic variant associated with increased susceptibility to pancreatitis. Sanger sequencing confirmed that the SPINK1 variant was inherited from her asymptomatic mother. The patient's AAP was managed conservatively, and an asparaginase-free regimen ultimately achieved complete remission without recurrence of pancreatitis.

Conclusions

The identification of the SPINK1 c.194 + 2T>C variant, which is recognized as pathogenic, provides valuable information for understanding the heightened risk of AAP in our pediatric ALL patient. Our case underscores the potential role of genetic predisposition in the development of AAP and highlights the importance of considering genetic screening prior to asparaginase therapy in pediatric ALL patients to identify those at increased risk.