bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Determining Model-independent H0 and Consistency Tests
Authors: Liao Kai , Shafieloo Arman , Keeley Ryan E. , Linder Eric V.
Published: May 2020

We determine the Hubble constant H
0 precisely (2.3% uncertainty) in a manner independent of the cosmological model through Gaussian process regression, using strong lensing and supernova data. Strong gravitational lensing of a variable source can provide a time-delay distance D
Δt
and angular diameter distance to the lens D
d. These absolute distances can anchor Type Ia supernovae, which give an excellent constraint on the shape of the distance–redshift relation. Updating our previous results to use the H0LiCOW program’s milestone data set consisting of six lenses, four of which have both D
Δt
and D
d measurements, we obtain

for a flat universe and

for a non-flat universe. We carry out several consistency checks on the data and find no statistically significant tensions, though a noticeable redshift dependence persists in a particular systematic manner that we investigate. Speculating on the possibility that this trend of derived Hubble constant with lens distance is physical, we show how this can arise through modified gravity light propagation, which would also impact the weak lensing σ
8 tension.
An Alternative Interpretation of GW190412 as a Binary Black Hole Merger with a Rapidly Spinning Secondary
Authors: Mandel Ilya , Fragos Tassos
Published: May 2020

The Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (LIGO)-Virgo collaboration recently reported the properties of GW190412, a binary black hole merger with unequal component masses (mass ratio

when using the EOBNR PHM approximant) and a non-vanishing effective spin aligned with the orbital angular momentum. They used uninformative priors to infer that the more massive black hole had a dimensionless spin magnitude between 0.17 and 0.59 at 90% confidence. We argue that, within the context of isolated binary evolution, it is more natural to assume a priori that the first-born, more massive black hole has a negligible spin, while the spin of the less massive black hole is preferentially aligned with the orbital angular momentum if it is spun up by tides. Under this astrophysically motivated prior, we conclude that the lower mass black hole had a dimensionless spin component between 0.64 and 0.99 along the orbital angular momentum.
Monitoramento das emissões fugitivas de CH4 e CO2 em camadas de cobertura de um aterro sanitário do Estado do Ceará, Brasil
Authors: Santos Gemmelle Oliveira , Pio de Oliveira Francisco Carlos Henrique , Ribeiro Eliana Dantas , Freire Samara Castro , Silva Roberto Antônio Cordeiro
Published: May 2020

O objetivo desse trabalho foi avaliar o comportamento do fluxo volumétrico (m3/m2.h) de gases (CH4 e CO2) pela camada de cobertura final de uma célula de resíduos sólidos do Aterro Sanitário de Caucaia-Ceará. A primeira fase do monitoramento aconteceu no ano de 2012 e a segunda fase no ano de 2019, em 04 pontos da camada de cobertura. Foi utilizado um leitor de gases da marca LANDTEC GEM5000 conectado em placas de fluxo estático. No ano de 2012, os fluxos volumétricos médios foram de 2,1 x 10-2 m3/m2.h de CH4 e 3,2 x 10-2 m3/m2.h de CO2. Em 2019, esses fluxos aumentaram para 5,3 x 10-1 m3/m2.h de CH4 e 3,9 x 10-1 m3/m2.h de CO2, indicando redução da qualidade da camada de cobertura ao longo do tempo. Esses resultados indicaram também uma possível mudança na fase de digestão dos resíduos, já que houve uma inversão nos fluxos de CH4 e CO2 entre as campanhas do monitoramento.
Política pública e educação ambiental: um estudo comparativo entre os marcos regulatórios da educação ambiental no Brasil e em Cuba
Authors: Bolson Camille , Biagi Aline , Da Silva Christian Luiz , Fernandes Valdir
Published: May 2020

Este ensaio apresenta um estudo comparativo entre o marco regulatório brasileiro e o cubano no que diz respeito as diferentes formas conceituais, metodológicas e práticas que sustentam as políticas públicas voltadas para a educação ambiental em ambos os países. A partir de uma busca bibliográfica sobre o tema desenvolvimento sustentável, apresenta-se como a legislação ambiental, representada pela Política Nacional de Educação Ambiental, é um instrumento técnico, dentro do contexto territorial que representa a visão local sobre o tema. Buscou-se conhecer até que ponto os elementos, recursos naturais, história, cultura e a estrutura de cada sociedade podem influenciar na elaboração destes instrumentos. Entre os resultados encontrados apresenta-se as diferenças conceituais entre o programa brasileiro e a estratégia cubana, embora existam similaridades nos planos de ação de ambos os países.
Pré-tratamento ácido da palha de cana-de-açúcar visando a produção de etanol de segunda geração
Authors: Marinho Cybelle Crystinne do Prado , Pereira Lucas Vinícius Borges , Vasconcelos Solange Maria de , Carvalho-Gonçalves Laís Campos Teixeira de
Published: May 2020

A utilização de resíduos agroindustriais, como a palha de cana-de-açúcar, tem sido apontada como uma das alternativas para geração de energia renovável. Entre as etapas para a produção de etanol 2G, o pré-tratamento tem se apresentado como uma das etapas mais cruciais. Assim, o objetivo do trabalho foi realizar a otimização do pré-tratamento ácido da palha de cana-de-açúcar visando a produção de etanol de segunda geração. Um planejamento experimental linear 23 foi realizado. Foram analisados: concentração de H2SO4 (1 M, 2 M e 3 M), temperatura (60, 80 e 100 oC) e tempo (20, 40 e 60 min). O ensaio 8 (H2SO4 3M, 100 oC e 60 min) foi o que proporcionou uma maior liberação de açúcares redutores (15,9 g/L) e um menor rendimento mássico (69,71 %). Também foi realizada a análise de espectroscopia na região do infravermelho por transformadas de Fourier (FTIR). Foram observadas mudanças estruturais entre a palha in natura e pré-tratada, demonstrando a eficiência do pré-tratamento.
Ações para reduzir a fração de resíduos não comercializados em duas associações de catadores de materiais recicláveis de João Pessoa (PB), Brasil
Authors: Viana Chianca Brilhante Anna Kryslene , Da Silva Santana Renata Rayane , Nunes Remígio Antunes Aline Flávia , Ferreira e Santos Amélia Severino
Published: May 2020

Os impactos socioambientais causados pela destinação inadequada dos resíduos sólidos evidenciam a importância de sua gestão. Este trabalho teve o objetivo de analisar formas de viabilizar a comercialização de materiais recicláveis, mas classificados como rejeitos, em duas associações de catadores de materiais recicláveis de João Pessoa. Realizou-se um levantamento dos resíduos considerados rejeitos, das empresas recicladoras desses resíduos e das exigências necessárias para venda. Também foram realizadas oficinas para os catadores. Das empresas interessadas, três localizam-se no Nordeste e duas no Sudeste do Brasil. Devido a fatores internos e externos às associações, nenhum acordo foi firmado com as empresas. Nota-se, portanto, que é preciso investir mais em educação ambiental, no fortalecimento das associações e na implementação da coleta seletiva na cidade, estratégias dispostas no Plano Municipal de Gestão Integrada de Resíduos Sólidos (PMGIRS), mas que precisam ser aprimoradas.
Puissance de calcul, force de l’emprise ? Critique de l’« organisation augmentée »
Authors: Ferguson Yann
Published: May 2020

Cet article reconstitue le récit de l’« organisation augmentée » par l’intelligence artificielle et en propose une lecture critique à l’aune du concept d’emprise. Partant d’un travail d’anthropologie documentaire regroupant une littérature internationale récente de type prospective ou stratégique produite par des agences publiques, des chercheurs, des entreprises ou des essayistes, il déconstruit le système de pouvoir qui s’en dégage. Sa dialectique met en tension une dystopie organisationnelle qui décrit une déshumanisation des organisations, aussitôt médiée par une utopie managériale qui réhumanise le travailleur. La dystopie fait intervenir trois formes d’emprise : l’emprise des machines, des algorithmes, sur le centre. L’utopie mobilise trois autres formes : humaniste, darwinienne, éthique. L’article se conclut sur une discussion quant à la place des sciences humaines dans le récit.
Le temps des miracles. Heiric d’Auxerre, Adrevald de Fleury et l’écriture de l’histoire au IX e siècle
Authors: Isaïa Marie-Céline
Published: May 2020

Heiric d’Auxerre pour saint Germain, Adrevald de Fleury pour saint Benoît, écrivent dans les mêmes années 870 des Miracula . Ni l’un ni l’autre ne se contente de consigner les guérisons qui surviennent de leur temps à proximité des reliques ; leurs Miracula sont au contraire des histoires longues des sanctuaires et des communautés qui les desservent, qui impliquent le recours à des sources écrites en plus des témoignages oraux. Ils documentent ainsi le phénomène d’historicisation de l’hagiographie qui caractérise le ix e  siècle carolingien. L’écriture de l’histoire apparaît pour Heiric comme un travail stylistique qui joue de la différence des genres historiographiques (Annales, Histoire, Gesta ). La même histoire est pour Adrevald une leçon critique sur l’exercice du pouvoir. La comparaison des deux œuvres prouve que l’écriture de l’histoire est une discipline maîtrisée par ces intellectuels, et que l’hagiographie est l’un de ses lieux d’expérimentation préférés.
Espaces numériques oppositionnels et mobilisation en Italie
Authors: Sedda Paola
Published: May 2020

Notre travail vise à identifier le rôle revêtu par les pratiques discursives qui animent la blogosphère politique dans la construction des nouveaux “cadres contestataires”. Fondée sur les méthodes de l'observation et de l'analyse de contenu et portant sur le cas italien du Mouvement 5 étoiles, l'enquête montre comment le dispositif du blog du comique italien Beppe Grillo contribue à définir le processus de cadrage et, d'une manière plus générale, à façonner la conscience protestataire du mouvement. Conçu en tant qu’espace anti-hégémonique et oppositionnel, le blog fonctionne à la fois comme un producteur de contre-information et comme un outil puissant de mobilisation et d’action politique.
Managing Change in Electronic Document and Records Management System Implementation at the Ministry of Investment, Trade, and Industry in Botswana
Authors: Mosweu Olefhile
Published: May 2020

Electronic document and records management systems (EDRMS) have been implemented in organisations in order to, among others, improve delivery of services. Implementation alters work processes, and if the change is not properly managed, intended deployment benefits are not realised. The Ministry of Investment, Trade, and Industry (MITI) implemented the Document Workflow Management System (DWMS), an EDRMS, to improve service delivery through a technology-enhanced records management system. Implementation faced user resistance. Using documentary reviews and interviews to collect data, this chapter describes the change management activities instituted to promote adoption and use of DWMS. Data collected from purposively selected action officers and records officers was analysed thematically. The study found that the poor management of change brought by DWMS led to resistance to adopt and use the system.
The Integration of Medical Records Management Requirements in ICTs
Authors: Luthuli Lungile P. , Kalusopa Trywell T.
Published: May 2020

This study comparatively investigates the integration of medical records management requirements in the ICTs/electronic health systems in two hospitals: a public and private hospital in the Umhlathuze Area, KwaZulu-Natal Province, South Africa. The study made a comparison and examined whether the current management practices support service delivery in the context of the Batho Pele principles. In doing this, the study reviewed extensive literature on records management by assessing the depth of the integration of ICTs in the management of medical records in South Africa. The targeted study sample in both the public and private hospital was 193.
E-Records Readiness of Eswatini for Strategic Governance
Authors: Tsabedze Vusi W.
Published: May 2020

This chapter is based on a study whose aim was to assess e-records readiness in Eswatini government ministries. The study seeks to answer three basic questions: How are e-records currently managed within government ministries of Eswatini? Is there a legal and policy framework for managing e- records in an e-government environment? Do the existing practices for managing e-records adequately support e-government services? The study used the interpretive research paradigm and adopted qualitative approach using phenomenological design. Maximum variation sampling was used to identify the research sample. Findings revealed that although there is evidence of availability and use of e-records in government ministries, the e-records readiness and efficiency levels in support of e-government were low; the management of e-records is not yet streamlined to the majority registries; and e-Government implementation maturity level is low. The study recommends improvement of legislative and policy framework.
Perceptions of Medical and Nursing Staff Towards Electronic Records at Selected Private Health Institutions in Zimbabwe
Authors: Makiwa Beauty Masceline , Chiparausha Blessing
Published: May 2020

The study sought to find the types of electronic records that are used at selected private health institutions in Zimbabwe and establish the perceptions of medical and nursing staff towards the electronic records. The study also examined the challenges that are faced by private health institutions' medical and nursing staff when using electronic records, and some solutions to these challenges were proffered. Purposive sampling was used to select institutions that participated in the study. Self-administered questionnaires were used to collect data from medical and nursing staff from the selected institutions. The study confirms that medical and nursing staffs' perceptions towards electronic records are positive, but knowledge about and usage of electronic records are relatively in their infancy at the private health institutions studied. However, uptake of electronic records is significantly going up as the institutions grapple to match global standards.
Management of Electronic Records in Universities
Authors: Gisesa Lilian
Published: May 2020

The chapter starts with an introduction as to what electronic record are, giving an overview of the Kenyan situation in institutions of higher learning starting at the kind of electronic records that are kept, which are accessed, the most frequently used, if there is any electronic management system in place, any guidelines, people leading the e-records agenda disposal and preservation, and finally, the future thinking in the e-records agenda. Thereafter, the chapter recommend some ways forward and a conclusion.
Using the 10 Performance Improvement Standards to Guide Strategy Development and Implementation
Authors: Fu Frank Q. , Yi Hong , Zheng Yuan , Li Lidan , Wang Xiangjiang , Zhang Xiumei
Published: May 2020

This case demonstrates an award-winning performance improvement project conducted by a large state-owned enterprise in China that satisfies the 10 standards of performance improvement and adds value to the organization. Multiple tools developed by performance improvement professionals in China are used to develop and implement marketing strategies and achieve market share improvement goals. These tools are based on the performance improvement literature, specifically designed for and empirically tested in the Chinese market. The case also shows benefits and challenges associated with integrating performance improvement and marketing management.
Storytelling
Authors: Newman Lucy Surhyel
Published: May 2020

This case study presents an insight into an African leadership journey over a period of two decades within a professional storytelling format, from 1999 to 2019. It provides an overview of the subject's application of germinal and emerging theoretical concepts in performance improvement innovation, as a female executive of African descent and a working mother. For context, the chapter presents the case study subject's leadership trajectory from early life, with insights to her personal orientation on related issues via an interview with the subject, testimonials, and organizational outcomes of the case study subject's leadership styles. The chapter closes with emerging challenges facing performance innovation practice in Africa, solutions and recommendations for further action, leveraging the case study subject's experience as a performance improvement practitioner. Although the case study presents an African experience, the principles can be explored across cultural and environmental settings, based on this self-application narrative
Sliding Mode Control for PV Grid-Connected System With Energy Storage
Authors: Marhraoui Saloua , Abbou Ahmed , Cabrane Zineb , Krit Salahddine
Published: May 2020

We need to solve the problem due to the nonlinearity and power fluctuation in the photovoltaic (PV) connected storage system and grid; for that, the authors develop an algorithm to obtain the maximum power point tracking (MPPT) via control of the duty cycle of DC/DC boost converter. Consequently, they design an MPPT based on the second-order sliding mode control. Next, generating the law control founded on the Lyapunov theory can augment the robustness and stability of the PV connected grid. Then, they add a battery energy storage system (BESS) with a control management algorithm in the DC/DC side to eliminate any fluctuation of the output power of the PV system because of the temperature and irradiation variation. On the grid side, they control the DC/AC inverter side by the three-phase voltage source inverter control (VSIC) as a charge controller for the grid parameters.
Circular Green Economy
Authors: Vargas-Hernández José G. , Medrano Marlene de Jesús Morales , López-Lemus Jorge Armando
Published: May 2020

The purpose of this chapter is to analyze the green and circular economy (GCE) model from the point of view of the resources and capacities of the organization. How is the application of the circular economy model related to strategic management? At first glance, it seems that the CE is operating within an operational level with a social impact. However, it also has implications that allow us to think that it can be used as an internal resource of the company that, if applied in the right way, can become a competitive advantage. In other words, the application of the CE is related to strategic management through the point of view based on resources and capabilities. Therefore, the present investigation has a descriptive-correlational nature, which was analyzed through Peng's VRIO framework.
Opportunities and Challenges of Circular Economy for the Tourism Industry
Authors: Vargas-Sánchez Alfonso
Published: May 2020

The aim of this chapter is to present the state of the art of academic research in the intersection between circular economy and tourism, trying to identify the approaches used by authors when studying the application of circular economy principles and initiatives in the tourism industry. For this purpose, a systematic search in ISI Web of Science and Scopus databases was performed. The characterization of research carried out in this field, with both a bibliometric and bibliographic analysis, is offered, presenting a detailed picture of the content of the research carried out in the abovementioned intersection, synthesizing what has been done so far. To conclude, a research agenda is proposed to develop this still understudied domain.
Evaluation of Surface Roughness after Actively Rotary Turning Method
Authors: Joch Richard , Pilc Jozef , Stančeková Dana , Miturska Izabela , Görögová Ingrid
Published: May 2020

Increased emphasis on productivity and machining quality is the cause of constantly looking for progressive chip machining technologies to meet this requirement. One of this option is the use of specific turning with an actively driven tool. This unconventional turning method makes it possible to select higher feed values while keep the required tool life. However, it is important to identify the properties and all possible applications of such an actively driven tool during the machining process. The paper focuses on the resulting state of the machined surface of the workpiece in terms of surface roughness parameters due to the feed values. For the sake of clarity, the knowledge and findings of active rotation machining are compared to self-propelled rotary turning.
FEM Optimization of a Steel Belt of OTR Tyres
Authors: Kledrowetz Jan , Javořík Jakub , Keerthiwansa Rohitha , Kratochvil Pavel , Rusnáková Soňa , Gross Petr
Published: May 2020

This paper deals with an FEM simulation of a steel belt of tyres. A belt is a part of a tyre that plays a very important role in all radial tyres especially in case of heavy-duty off-the-road (OTR) ones. It is a composite composed of rubber material and a steel reinforcement. High peak stress inside this composite can initiate cracks, which subsequently lead to a complete tyre failure. In this work, the belt is extracted from the tyre and simulated separately in order to be able to cover individual cords. Belt behaviour under tension is studied and optimal cord distribution is proposed to decrease the risk of the failure. FEM software MSC Marc/Mentat is employed as a calculation tool.
Research of Laser Beam Welding of Inconel Alloy
Authors: Hodúlová Erika , Kovaříková Ingrid , Šimeková Beáta , Bárta Jozef , Sahul Martin , Kovačócy Pavel
Published: May 2020

Study of weld joints of nonferrous, Inconel 625 alloy sheets using a new generation disk laser as the green welding technology for the effective manufacturing were carried out, and the results are presented in this paper. Weld joints of the Inconel 625 alloy sheets 2,0 mm thick were welded by laser without an additional material at a flat position, using a high purity argon as the shielding gas. The influence of laser welding parameters on weld quality and mechanical properties of test joints was studied. The influence of welding speed and laser power to the joint quality was investigated. The study of quality and mechanical properties of the joints were determined by metallographic evaluation, tensile and hardness tests.
Patient Communication Simulation Laboratory for Students in an Acute Care Nurse Practitioner Program
Authors: Rosenzweig Margaret , Hravnak Marilyn , Magdic Kathy , Beach Michael , Clifton Maurice , Arnold Robert
Published: May 2020

Background Effective communication skills for clinical practice are essential for all advanced practice nurses. However, competence in these skills is not necessarily intuitive. Advanced communication skills should be taught in a way that is similar to the way other psychomotor skills in advanced nursing practice programs are taught.

Objectives To develop a patient communication simulation laboratory for the acute care nurse practitioner program at a major university and to evaluate students’ perceived confidence and communication effectiveness before and immediately as well as 4 months after completion of the laboratory.

Methods The communication simulation laboratory was developed in collaboration with faculty from the schools of nursing and medicine. Students participated in a didactic session and then completed a 2-hour communication simulation in the laboratory. Content and simulation concentrated on breaking “bad news,” empathetic communication, motivational interviewing, and the “angry” patient. Students’ self-reported confidence and perceived skill in communication were measured via a Likert scale before, immediately after, and 4 months after completion of the laboratory simulation. Students also evaluated the experience by responding to open-ended questions.

Results Compared with baseline findings (before the lecture and simulation), students’ confidence in initiating difficult conversations increased significantly both immediately (P<.001) and 4 months after (P=.001) the laboratory simulation. Students’ self-ratings of overall ability to communicate were also significantly greater immediately (P<.001) and 4 months (P=.001) after the simulation. Overall, students rated the laboratory simulation experience highly beneficial.

Conclusions The content and methods used for the simulation improved students’ confidence and perceived skill in communication in potentially difficult acute care situations.
The Alternative Pandemic
Authors: Alderman Chris
Published: May 2020

While the world is gripped by the current pandemic caused by COVID-19, Dr. Chris Alderman, editor-in-chief, reminds readers that the world has been and continues to be in the grips of another, equally as serious, but less publicized, global pandemic.
Evaluación de la producción de metano de vinazas mediante digestor anaerobio tipo batch.
Authors: García Salazar Michelle Stefany , Intriago Zambrano Sandy Pamela , Loureiro Salabarría Julio Abel , Delgado Villafuerte Carlos Ricardo
Published: May 2020

En la industria azucarera los efluentes líquidos del proceso de producción de etanol, como la vinaza, tienen potencial para ser empleado en digestión anaerobia por la cantidad de materia orgánica que contiene. En esta investigación se realizó un diseño experimental unifactorial a escala laboratorio entorno a la concentración de sólidos volátiles con cinco tratamientos y tres repeticiones. En un total de 15 reactores Batch se introdujo inóculo y la concentración deseada de vinaza en dilución como sustrato durante 21 días. El propósito es evaluar la producción de biogás y metano en relación al contenido de sólidos volátiles y demanda química de oxígeno. Se determinó que el tratamiento (T5) tuvo una mayor producción de biogás de 2.87 L y metano 1.52 L, representando el 51.9% de su composición. Esto se debe a que el inóculo fue adaptado previamente con vinaza concentrada. Se demostró que la vinaza puede ser aprovechada por su potencial para producir biogás además de que el tratamiento contribuye a la disminución del impacto ambiental que provoca la industria azucarera.
The Structural Changes and Competitiveness of the Forest and Wood Sector in Baltic Countries within 1999-2016
Authors: Sirgmets R , Teder M , Kaimre Paavo
Published: May 2020

The structural changes and the competitiveness of forest and wood sector in three Baltic countries: Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania were analyzed in the period 1999-2016. Different concepts of competitiveness are discussed in the introductory part to find a proper approach for empirical analysis. Time series data of international trade from the Eurostat database were used to analyze the development of forest and wood sectors in Baltic countries. The relative trade advantage (RTA) index was applied for assessing the relative success of foreign trade, referred to aggregated EU28. The forest and wood sector of Baltic countries has mainly oriented to the mechanical wood processing, which formed 68% of Estonian, 64% of Latvian and 59% of Lithuanian total output value in 2015. However, the trends are dissimilar: the expanding of mechanical wood processing was remarkable in Estonia while in Latvia the forestry and logging, in Lithuania the paper and paper products increased their share.The value of exported goods by the forest and wood sector has increased more than 200% in Estonia and Latvia, and approximately 500% in Lithuania during the period from 1999 to 2016. At the same time the decrease of RTA index for primary products (forestry and logging) is common for all countries.

Key words: forest and wood sector, competitiveness, Baltic countries, relative trade advantage index
Rancang Bangun Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) Sebagai Pengatur Kecepatan Motor DC Berbasis Mikrokontroler Arduino
Authors: S. Rifdian I. , Hartono Hartono
Published: May 2020

Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) sebagai pengatur kecepatan motor DC telah digunakan secara luas di dunia industri. Kecepatan putar motor dikontrol dengan mengatur duty cycle PWM yang dibangkitkan oleh mikrokontroler arduino. Pada penelitian ini pengaturan nilai PWM dilakukan melalui program (sketch) ke arduino uno. Output dari PWM dihubungkan pada arduino melalui pin output analog. Dengan pengamatan menggunakan osiloskop dapat diketahui bahwa perubahan nilai ton dan toff menentukan nilai RPM dari motor DC yang dikontrol. Sehingga dengan menggunakan nilai PWM yang berbeda, variasi kecepatan motor DC juga berubah-ubah. Nilai PWM yang digunakan yaitu kelipatan 10 dari 25 hingga 255. Diperoleh hasil pengamatan berupa Ton dan Toff yang tertera pada osiloskop dan hasil pengamatan tersebut diolah untuk mengetahui duty cycle yang kemudian dibandingankan dengan PWM dan RPM nya. Sehingga dapat diketahui bahwa semakin besar nilai PWM maka RPM motor DC juga akan semakin besar, dan semakin besar nlai PWM yang diberikan, maka nilai duty cycle yang dihasilkan juga akan semakin besar
Pengukuran Kinerja Orthogonal Frekwency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) Pada Sbx Doughter Board Menggunakan Labview dan USRP N-210
Authors: Harianto BB
Published: May 2020

Salah satu permasalahan dalam perkembangan teknologi telekomunikasi yaitu bagaimana mencapai data rate yang besar namun dengan bandwidth yang tidak lebih besar dari bandwidth koheren kanal untuk menghindari terjadinya Inter-Symbol Interference (ISI). Salah satu solusi yang ditawarkan yaitu transmisi multi-carrier. Cara kerja transmisi multi-carrier yaitu membagi total bandwidth signal yang tersedia menjadi beberapa subcarrier-subcarrier dengan bandwidth yang sempit. Sehingga bandwith masingmasing subcarrier yang dihasilkan tersebut menjadi lebih kecil jika dibandingkan dengan bandwidth koheren kanal. Salah satu transmisi multicarrier yang terbaru yaitu Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) dimana subcarrier-subcarrier dapat saling tegak lurus satu sama lain sehingga bendwidth yang dibutuhkan menjadi lebih efisien jika dibandingkan dengan multicarrier konvensional seperti FDM. Sistem OFDM dapat diimplementasikan pada USRP yang merupakan salah satu jenis SDR (Software Defined Radio). SDR merupakan sistem pemancar dan penerima yang menggunakan pemrosesan sinyal digital untuk coding, decoding, modulasi dan demodulasi data. USRP tersebut digunakan sebagai model pemancar dan penerima pada pengukuran kualitas unjuk kerja sistem OFDM dengan barbagai kondisi. Pengukuran ini akan membandingkan hasil performansi parameter – parameter pada frekwensi 910 MHz dan 2.4 GHz. Spesifikasi sistem OFDM yang digunakan pada penelitian ini menggunakan software Labview dan dilakukan pada lingkungan indoor pada jarak 3m dan bandwidth 1 MHz. Hasil dari implementasi dan pengukuran menunjukkan bahwa parameter yang ditunjukkan oleh frekwensi 910 MHz lebih baik dari pada nilai parameter yang ditunjukkan oleh frekwensi 2.4
Gender and development induced resettlement: A case study of Tarbela Dam resettlement in Pakistan
Authors: Kamran Muhammad
Published: May 2020

Any-mega development project, such as the Tarbela Dam, causes significant dislocation and relocation to human populations. The Tarbela Dam project involved relocation of more than 95,000 people. Besides housing, this relocation caused numerous social, economic, and cultural problems. This study was conducted in order to uncover a gender perspective on the Tarbela Dam relocation. This study employs a qualitative-ethnographic research design in order to collect data from the Tarbela Dam affectees. The location of the study was that of relocated communities in districts Haripur, Mansehra and Swabi. Data was collected through interview, FGD and observation. The study found that relocation has caused significant changes in women’s dress code, marriage patterns and education.
Inter-generational differences in partner selection criteria among women in Pakistan
Authors: Khalid Ayesha , Hassan Syeda Salma
Published: May 2020

Partner selection and marriage choices have become interesting research topics in societies experiencing transition due to technological advancements and modernisation. This qualitative study was envisaged to identify the differences in partner selection criteria among three generations of Pakistani women. Three independent age groups were selected to analyse the difference among them due to social and technological transition. The participants were recruited purposefully for semi-structured interviews from six different families, three women of subsequent age groups (grandmothers, mothers, and their marriageable grand/daughters) were chosen (N=18). The interview transcripts were analysed using thematic analysis. Line-by-line coding was done to extract the relevant and repetitive codes that comprised sub and main themes. Findings show that the social background and compatibility between potential families remained the most important aspects in general. Internal attributes such as religiousness and morality, and external attributes, specifically good financial status, decent occupation and job, were considered significant partner selection criteria as well. The factors that affect the partner selection choices directly included collectivist beliefs and disempowerment of women. Inter-generational differences and transitions in the desirability of partner selection criteria were evident as an expected outcome of the questions posed by the current study. The implications include extending knowledge for marriage and relationship counsellors.
Ecological responses to fluctuating and extreme marine acidification: lessons from a tropical estuary (the Brunei Estuarine System)
Authors: Marshall David , Proum Sorya , Hossain M. Belal , Adam Aimimuliani , Lim Lee Hoon , Santos Jose H.
Published: May 2020

The impact of acidification on marine ecosystems has become a topic of priority research, following realization of unabated ocean acidification (OA), derived from globally-rising atmospheric CO2. Many coastal and estuarine ecosystems have historically been acidified through various processes, and it is possible that we can learn and make predictions about OA impacts from the ways estuarine species and communities adapt and respond to acidified water. Studying estuarine acidification, nonetheless, aids understanding of the processes that affect ecological structure and functioning, important for coastal conservation and management. A broad-based research programme was implemented at UBD between 2011 and 2015, to investigate how variation in acidity and salinity affected assemblages and species in the Brunei Estuarine System (BES), an ecologically and economically important natural system in the region. This review summarizes studies that investigated for the BES, (i) the physical habitats and water physicochemistry, (ii) responses of planktonic and benthic microbial and faunal assemblages to exposure to variable and potentially highly acidic water, (iii) effects of acidification on ecological processes, such as barnacle dispersal and recruitment, (iv) behavioural and physiological mechanisms of organisms to cope with highly fluctuating and extreme pH water, with special reference to the gastropod, Indothais gradata, and (v) contaminant uptake by Indothais gradata under acidified conditions. The significance of the findings to the ecology of the BES, gaps that need addressing, and how estuarine acidification may contribute to predicting responses to OA are evaluated and discussed.
Implications of controlling factors in evolving reservoir quality of the Khatatba Formation, Western Desert, Egypt
Authors: Shalaby Mohamed Ragab , Hakimi Mohammed Hail , Abdullah Wan Hasiah , Islam Md. Aminul
Published: May 2020

This paper sheds light on the role of petrophysical properties, framework grains and its textural properties, capillary pressure, diagenetic constitutions and events as controlling factors in evolving sandstone quality of the Khatatba Formation in the Western Desert, Egypt. Petrophysical analyses coupled with petrographic observations and diagentic studies have been carried out for many core samples in order to infer the controlling factors of reservoir quality. It has been observed that the sandstone quality of the Khatatba Formation have been adversely affected from well to well in the study area and from zone to zone in the same well and formation. Good- quality sandstones have been found with the porosity ranges from 10–17% and permeability ranges from 100 –1000 mD. The petrographic description indicates the presence of many open hydraulic fractures and dissolution phenomena which all took place in multiple phases during the late diagenetic stage, leading to improvement in the reservoir quality. Dramatic reservoir quality deterioration has been recorded in many zones. The reduction of permeability and fluid pathways in addition to the mechanical compaction, solid bitumen occupying many pore spaces and fractures are observed in many zones. These cause major destroy in reservoir quality that leading to lowering the oil recovery  compare to the expected outcome
Fermented food in Asia as a source of potential probiotics: Properties and beneficial effects
Authors: Afifah Matussin Nur Bazilah , Chin Yeo Yen , Ishan Ilisa , Shivanand Pooja
Published: May 2020

Consumption of probiotic food is known to strengthen the human natural microbiome, thereby providing health benefits to the host. Fermented food products are found to be natural sources of probiotics, also known as ‘good’ bacteria.Fermentation and pickling of food have long been carried out as a means of preservation and long-term storage. They have been associated with human nutrition and social aspects. In this paper, a compilation of some of the staple fermented foods found in the Asian region has been provided. The mode of action of probiotics and the benefits they bring to the host such as production of antimicrobial agents, blocking the adhesion of pathogens and toxins and modulation of immune responses have been outlined. Certain concerns have been raised on side effects resulting from over-consumption of probiotics. However, the benefits they bring to the overall well-being of the consumer cannot be overlooked.
Bat diversity in two lowland forests of Brunei Darussalam
Authors: Hj Masmin Huwaida , Collier Kahtleen , Sirajuddin Pallavi , Grafe Ulmar
Published: May 2020

The forests of Brunei Darussalam harbour rich bat assemblages. In this study we update current knowledge of the abundance and distribution of bats in Brunei by comparing bat diversity between two lowland forest sites: Temburong and Tasek Merimbun. We recorded 27 bat species with three new locality records for each of the two sites surveyed. Temburong had higher bat diversity than Merimbun, suggesting that it has more diverse habitat types. This study highlights the need for further bat surveys as full inventories of bat communities have not yet been reached and little is known about the ecology and conservation status of bat populations.
Large-scale and uniform fabrication of anodic TiO2 nanotubes at the inner surface of high-aspect-ratio Ti tubes
Authors: Xiang Chengjie , Sun Lidong
Published: May 2020

Letter to Editor
Optimization of Rock Physics Models by Combining the Differential Effective Medium (DEM) and Adaptive Batzle-Wang Methods in “R” Field, East Java
Authors: Haidar M. Wahdanadi , Wardhana Reza , Iskan M. , Rosid M. Syamsu
Published: May 2020

The pore systems in carbonate reservoirs are more complex than the pore systems in clastic rocks. There are three types of pores in carbonate rocks: interparticle pores, stiff pores and cracks. The complexity of the pore types can lead to changes in the P-wave velocity by up to 40%, and carbonate reservoir characterization becomes difficult when the S-wave velocity is estimated using the dominant interparticle pore type only. In addition, the geometry of the pores affects the permeability of the reservoir. Therefore, when modelling the elastic modulus of the rock it is important to take into account the complexity of the pore types in carbonate rocks. The Differential Effective Medium (DEM) is a method for modelling the elastic modulus of the rock that takes into account the heterogeneity in the types of pores in carbonate rocks by adding pore-type inclusions little by little into the host material until the required proportion of the material is reached. In addition, the model is optimized by calculating the bulk modulus of the fluid filler porous rock under reservoir conditions using the Adaptive Batzle-Wang method. Once a fluid model has been constructed under reservoir conditions, the model is entered as input for the P-wave velocity model, which is then used to estimate the velocity of the S-wave and the proportion of primary and secondary pore types in the rock. Changes in the characteristics of the P-wave which are sensitive to the presence of fluid lead to improvements in the accuracy of the P-wave model, so the estimated S-wave velocity and the calculated ratio of primary and secondary pores in the reservoir are more reliable.
Pengaruh Subjective Norm Terhadap Intensi Berwiratani Pada Mahasiswa Pertanian Di Aceh
Authors: Novanda Ridha Rizki
Published: May 2020

Sumberdaya manusia disektor pertanian mayoritas merupakan sumberdaya manusia dengan usia lanjut. Rendahnya kotribusi pemuda dikarenakan tingginya risiko disektor pertanian. Sektor pertanian sangat membutuhkan anak muda yang kreatif dan inovatif serta berorientasi kepada kegiatan kewirausahaan. Sehingga penting untuk menganalisis pengaruh Subjective Norm terhadap intensi berwiratani bagi mahasiswa pertanian yang berada di Aceh. Penelitian dilakukan pada mahasiswa pertanian yang berada di Aceh dengan jumlah responden sebanyak 150 orang. Analisis data dilakukan secara deskriptif dan menggunakan regresi ordinal. Keseluruhan variable dari Subjective Norm memiliki pengaruh signifikan terhadap intensi mahasiswa pertanian dalam berwiratani. Subjective Norm yang berasal dari Orang tua, keluarga, tim bisnis, dan konsultan bisnis berpengaruh terhadap Intensi.
Diagnostic Role Of MPV In Acute Appendicitis
Authors:   Ayşe Betül ÖZTÜRK,   Can ATEŞ
Published: May 2020

Introduction: The aim of this study was to investigate the diagnostic role of mean platelet volume (MPV) for acute appendicitis.

Methods: Patient files were retrospectively observed. MPV of 311 patients with pathological diagnosis of acute appendicitis were compared with the MPV of 314 healthy children (blood samples were taken for elective operations). SPSS (IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 20.0. Armonk, NY: IBM Corp.) was used to evaluate the results.

Results: 188 of acute appendicitis were male (%60.5). Mean age of acute appendicitis group was 10.22±3.83. MPV of children with the diagnosis of acute appendicitis (8.37±0.83fL) and the control group (10.55±0.83fL). MPV values were statistically different between the acute appendicitis and control group (p<0,001).

Conclusion: MPV may be used as a marker for the diagnosis of acute appendicitis, but it is not a specific biomarker for appendicitis.
Islamic Republic of Mauritania
Authors:   International Monetary Fund. Middle East and Central Asia Dept.
Published: May 2020

This paper focuses on the Islamic Republic of Mauritania’s Request for Disbursement Under the Rapid Credit Facility. The economic and social impact of the pandemic is rapidly unfolding, with a contraction of output expected in 2020. The authorities have responded swiftly with measures to contain the pandemic and alleviate its fallout. Going forward, prioritizing health spending and targeted support to the most vulnerable households and sectors in the economy remains critical. The authorities are committed to full transparency and reporting of resources deployed for the emergency response, to audit crisis-mitigation spending once the crisis abates, and to publish the results. At the same time, they remain committed to the economic reform program supported by the ongoing ECF arrangement with the IMF. The program aims at using the fiscal space to increase priority spending on education, health and social protection and infrastructure, while mobilizing domestic revenues and maintaining prudent borrowing policies to preserve debt sustainability.
Nigeria
Authors:   International Monetary Fund. African Dept.
Published: May 2020

This paper presents Nigeria’s Request for Purchase Under the Rapid Financing Instrument (RFI). The authorities’ immediate actions to respond to the crisis are welcome. The short-term focus on fiscal accommodation would allow for higher health spending and help alleviate the impact of the crisis on households and businesses. Steps taken toward a more unified and flexible exchange rate are also important and unification of the exchange rate should be expedited. Once the coronavirus disease 2019 crisis passes, the focus should remain on medium-term macroeconomic stability, with revenue-based fiscal consolidation essential to keep Nigeria’s debt sustainable and create fiscal space for priority spending. Implementation of the reform priorities under the Economic Recovery and Growth Plan, particularly on power and governance, remains crucial to boost growth over the medium term. The emergency financing under the RFI will provide much needed liquidity support to respond to the urgent balance of payments needs. Additional assistance from development partners will be required to support the government’s efforts and close the large financing gap.
Colombia
Authors:   International Monetary Fund. Western Hemisphere Dept.
Published: May 2020

Before the Covid-19 pandemic and subsequent global disruption, Colombia’s
recovery showed resilience despite a weak external environment thanks to its very strong
economic policy framework and timely policy actions. The flexible exchange rate, combined
with an inflation-targeting regime, effective financial sector supervision and regulation, and
adherence to the fiscal rule, allowed the country to smooth the impact of a large permanent
terms of trade deterioration between 2014-2016, laying the foundations for the economic
recovery that was underway. Moreover, Colombia made remarkable efforts to receive and
integrate a substantial number of migrants from Venezuela that helped boost domestic
demand and imports. However, exports were weighed down by unfavorable commodity
prices and weak partner country growth. Thus, the external deficit widened, though it was
comfortably financed, largely through FDI.
Georgia
Authors:   International Monetary Fund. Middle East and Central Asia Dept.
Published: May 2020

Georgia’s performance under the Extended Arrangement has been good, but the country is now facing a pronounced economic slowdown and an urgent balance of payments need due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Real GDP is expected to decline by 4 percent in 2020, but projections are subject to more than the usual uncertainty. Lower exports, no tourism, and weaker remittances are expected to widen the current account deficit to 11? percent of GDP in 2020. Rising global risk aversion is likely to reduce private financial inflows and delay investment. The authorities have sought to contain the COVID-19 pandemic and cushion its economic impact but face a balance of payments gap of $1.8 billion for 2020-21 (11.4 percent of GDP).