bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Towards a Model of Urban Evolution—Part III: Rules of Evolution
Authors: Silver Daniel , Fox Mark S. , Adler Patrick
Published: December 2022

This paper develops a formal model of urban evolution in terms of (1) sources of variations; (2) principles of selection; and (3) mechanisms of retention. More specifically, regarding (1) it defines local and environmental sources of variation and identifies some of their generative processes, such as recombination, migration, mutation, extinction, and transcription errors. Regarding (2), it outlines a series of selection processes as part of an evolutionary ecology of urban forms, including density dependence, scope dependence, distance dependence, content dependence, and frequency dependence. Regarding (3), it characterizes retention as a combination of absorption and restriction of novel variants, defines mechanisms by which these can occur, including longevity, fidelity, and fecundity, and specifies how these processes issue in trajectories define by properties such as stability, pace, convergence, and divergence. A conclusion reviews the effort and looks forward to computer simulation and data-driven applications, as well as focused theoretical extensions of parts of the model. This paper builds on Parts I and II and is part of the Urban Genome Project, about which more information can be found here.
Abdurrahman b. ʻUdeys’in Hz. Osman’ın Katledilmesindeki Rolüne Dâir Rivâyetlerin Tahlili
Authors: YÜKSEL Mücahit
Published: December 2022

Abdurrahman b. ʻUdeys, Hz. Osman ile olan ilişkisinde zıt pozisyondaki iki tutumu ile gündeme gelmiş bir sahâbîdir. Zira o, Hudeybiye Antlaşması sırasında müşriklerle konuşmak üzere gönderilen Hz. Osman’ın öldürüldüğü haberi geldiği zaman Rıdvân biatına katılan sahâbe arasında yer almıştır. Fakat Hz. Osman’ın kuşatılması ve öldürülmesi olayında Mısır’dan gelen heyetin başında da onun ismi zikredilmektedir. İslâm tarihi kaynaklarında anlatıldığına göre Abdurrahman b. ʻUdeys, Hz. Osman’ın icraatlarından şikâyetçi olan Mısırlıların başında Medine’ye gelmiş ve onun öldürülmesine kadar giden süreçte yer almıştır. Hz. Osman dönemi olayları, genellikle ideolojinin etkisinde kalmış rivâyetlerle değerlendirilmektedir. Dolayısıyla çoğu zaman rivâyetler, râvilerin ön kabullerinin izlerini taşıyabilmektedir. Bu sebeple, Abdurrahman b. ʻUdeys’in, Hz. Osman’ın öldürülmesi olayındaki rolünden bahseden rivâyetlerin sağlıklı bir şekilde tahlil edilmesi gerekmektedir. Bu makalede, halifenin kuşatılması olayında Abdurrahman b. ʻUdeys’in tutumuyla ilgili rivâyetler analiz edilmektedir. Nitekim bu çaba, sahâbenin doğru değerlendirilmesi ve rivâyetlerde görülen ideolojik etkenlerin fark edilmesi noktasında önem arz etmektedir. Çalışmada, konunun özelliğine uygun olarak betimleme ve analiz yöntemleri kullanılmaktadır.
Hz. Ali’nin Şiirlerinde İnsani Değerler
Authors: Tekin Ahmet
Published: December 2022

Hicretten takriben yirmi iki yıl önce (m. 600) Mekke’de doğan Hz. Ali’nin (ö. 40/661), gerek nazım gerekse de nesir tarzındaki sözleri şifahi rivayet yöntemiyle aktarılmış ve vefatından çok sonra derlenerek yazıya geçirilmiştir. Şerîf el-Murtazâ (ö. 436/1044), Hz. Ali’nin hayatının farklı merhalelerinde ortaya koyduğu manzum söz ve şiirleri, münacat ve nasihatleri ihtiva eden düşüncelerini düzenleyip bir divanda toplanmış ve bu esere “Dîvânu ʿAlî b. Ebî Tâlib” adını vermiştir. Matbaanın olmadığı ilk zamanlarda istinsah edilmek suretiyle çoğaltılan bu eser, daha sonra İslâm âleminin çeşitli ülkelerinde elden ele dolaştırılarak okunmuştur. Eserin ilk baskısı 19. yüzyılda (Mısır: Bulak matbaası, 1839) yapılmıştır. Bu şiirlerin Hz. Ali’ye aidiyeti hususu günümüze kadar tartışılagelen bir konu olmuştur. Ancak bazı şiirlerin Hz. Ali’ye nisbet edilmesi hususunda ihtilafın bulunması Hz. Ali’nin dilciliğine, şairliğine ve edebiyatçı kimliğine zarar vermemektedir. Nitekim günümüzde bile edebî tenkitte ölçü kabul edilen “şiir, sözün tartısıdır” şeklindeki ifadesi, Hz. Ali’nin edebî kişiliğini ve tenkitçi kimliğini ortaya koymaktadır. Çalışmamız Hz. Ali’nin şiirlerinde yer alan “maddi ve manevi ilişkilerinde insana rehberlik eden bir dizi amaç ve idealler” şeklinde tanımlanan insani değerlerle ilgilidir. Dolayısıyla bu çalışmada insani değerler üzerinde durulmuş, Hz. Ali’nin hayatı ve şiirleri hakkında kısa bir bilgi verilmiş ve daha sonra şiirlerindeki insani değerler tespit edilmeye çalışılmıştır.
جبل "قاف" بين المنظور القرآني والأسطوري -دراسة نقدية-
Authors: Najib Ahmad
Published: December 2022

إنَّ الحديثَ عن ورودِ حرف ﴿ ق ﴾ في القرآن الكريم ومدلولاته وارتباطه بجبل يسمّى "قاف" على أنّه جبلٌ عظيمٌ يحيطُ بالأرض، وأنّه أصلُ باقي الجبال، والتي تُعدُّ فروعًا له حديثٌ قديم تعرَّض له العلماء بمختلفِ تخصّصاتهم لا سيّما اللغويّون منهم، والمفسّرون، والمتصوّفة، وغيرهم، وذهبوا في ذلك مذاهب شتّى، ومدارُ ذلك كلِّه على مدلولِ أربع آياتٍ ذُكِرت في كتاب الله تعالى، وعلى رواياتٍ نُقِلت عن بعض الصَّحابةِ والتَّابعين، ومشاهداتٍ لأهلِ التصوّفِ، وإسرائيليّات تناقلها أهلُ الكتاب فانتهز ذلك بعضُ المغرضين لإثارة الشبهاتِ حولَ القرآنِ الكريم على أنّه كتابٌ يحوي في طيّاته خرافاتٍ وأساطير ممّا جعل أهل العلم يدخلون في جدليّة الإثبات أو النفي، وينقسمون في ذلك إلى مؤيّدٍ بنى تصوّرهُ واجتهادهُ على ما وصله من أدلّةٍ نقليّة أو حسيّة، ومُعارضٍ بنى اجتهادهُ على ما بين يديه من براهين شرعيّة ومشاهداتٍ واقعيّةٍ كذلك، ومن خلال هذا المقال حرص الباحثُ على استقراءِ وتتبّع الأدلّة من نصوص القرآن الكريم، والسنّة المشرّفة، وأقوال أهل العلم من اللغويين، والمفسِّرين، والرحّالة، والجغرافيين، والمتصوّفة وغيرهم مع تتبّع الشبهات المثارة حول هذا الموضوع، وما كُتب حول ذلك من الردِّ والردِّ الآخر، ودراسة ذلك كلّه دراسةً تحليليّة ناقدةً؛ للوصول إلى نتائج هامّة لعلّها تكون ناجعة إن شاء الله، وهذا ما سنعرفه من خلال هذا البحث
SÍNTESIS DE COMPUESTOS LiTi2 (PO4)3 TIPO NASICON CON SILICIO Y BORO PARA SU EVALUACIÓN COMO ELECTROLITO SÓLIDO
Authors:   Laboratorio de Ciencia de Materiales, Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas IIQ, Department of Chemical Sciences, School of Pure and Natural Sciences FCPN, Universidad Mayor de San Andrés UMSA, P.O. Box 303, Calle Andrés Bello s/n-Edificio IIQ, Ciudad Universitaria Cota Cota, La Paz, Bolivia., Leiva Naviana , Blanco Mario ,   Laboratorio de Caracterización Estructural de Minerales, Instituto de Investigaciones Geológicas y del Medio Ambiente IIGMA, Department of Geology, Universidad Mayor de San Andrés UMSA Campus Universitario, Calle Andrés Bello s/n, Cota-Cota, La Paz, Bolivia., Cabrera Saúl ,   Laboratorio de Materia Condensada, Instituto de Investigaciones Físicas IIF, Department of Physics, Universidad Mayor de San Andrés, UMSA, Campus Universitario, Calle Andrés Bello s/n, Cota-Cota, La Paz, Bolivia.
Published: December 2022

Se ha sintetizado por reacciones en estado sólido compuestos de estructura tipo NaSICON (Sodium Superionic Conductor) LiTi2(PO4)3 con Si y B en su estructura. La estequiometría de composición es Li4Ti2P3SiB3O con estructura tipo vitro-cerámico. Se logró mantener y optimizar la formación mayoritaria de la fase cristalina conductora de iones por regulación de TiO2 y H3PO4 a temperaturas de síntesis menores a 1000°C. Esto, fue logrado mediante un riguroso control de la temperatura durante el enfriamiento lento para la obtención de la fase de interés, considerando el B como fundente y formador de red, a temperaturas de 600°C, 700°C y 800°C. Estas fases han sido caracterizadas estructural y micro-estructuralmente por difracción de rayos X de polvo (XRD) y microscopía electrónica de barrido (SEM). El análisis estructural mediante el método de Rietveld y mapas de Fourier, muestran que el compuesto final cristaliza con estructura Rombohedral tipo NaSICON. Adicionalmente, se ha realizado el cálculo computacional de las propiedades termodinámicas para la obtención de las fases LiTi2 (PO4)3 y LiTiOPO4 por DFT para la predicción de la temperatura de síntesis obteniéndose un valor teórico de 695 °C que fueron comparados con los resultados experimentales de 700 °C.
Sistem Pakar Deteksi Kerusakan Laptop dengan Metode Forward Chaining
Authors: Muhammad Ilham Teguh
Published: December 2022

Ultra Computer merupakan toko yang bergerak di bidang service dan penjualan laptop ini mengalami kesulitan mengenai dalam mengatasi kerusakan laptop pada client dan penulisan laporan yang belum terkomputerisasi. Metode yang digunakan penulis dalam penelitian ini yaitu Forward Chaining dengan cara pengambilan data langsung ke Toko Ultra Computer. Analisa berdasarkan penelitian yang dilakukan bahwa kendala yang dialami yaitu teknisi kesulitan dalam mengatasi kerusakan pada laptop baik itu kerusakan pada hardware maupun software Hasil dari penelitian sehingga sistem pakar mampu mendiagnosa kerusakan pada laptop dapat mempermudah pihak toko sehingga dapat melakukan diagnosa kerusakan secara cepat, tepat dan efisien. Diterapkannya rancangan sistem pakar diagnosa pada laptop ini tentunya sangat memberikan pengaruh yang besar bagi pihak toko tanpa perlu kesulitan lagi dalam melakukan diagnosa kerusakan pada laptop client dan pencatatan data nya lebih akurat sehingga dapat menjadi patokan bagi kerusakan-kerusakan yang lain dan penyimpanan data nya pun lebih aman dibanding pada sebelumnya. Alat bantu yang digunakan dalam perancangan sistem ini menggunakan UML dan pembuatan programnya menggunakan Bahasa pemrograman PHP dan didukung dengan database MySQL.
Para entender las elecciones estudiantiles en los centros educativos costararricenses
Authors:   Tribunal Supremo de Elecciones, Jennifer Gutiérrez Barboza , Ana Beatriz Morales Mora ,   Tribunal Supremo de Elecciones
Published: December 2022

Objetivo acercar a las personas la contexto educativo en el que se desarrollan las eleccione estudiantes, la normativa que se aplica y la ejecución del proceso
PERAN KELOMPOK WANITA TANI (KWT) DALAM PEMANFAATAN PEKARANGAN RUMAH (STUDI KASUS) PADA KWT TERATAI DI DESA RAPPANG BARAT
Authors: Nilda Nilda , Kusmiah Nurhaya , Kandatong Hasanuddin
Published: December 2022

Kelompok Wanita Tani (KWT) adalah kumpulan Ibu-ibu rumah tangga yang mempunyai aktivitas dibidang pertanian. Kelompok Wanita Tani (KWT) juga melakukan pemanfaatan pekarangan rumah, yang dalam aktivitasnya ialah menanam bebrapa tanaman yang dapat dimanfaatkan hasilnya. Pemanfaatan pekarangan rumah ini memiliki banyak manfaat jika dalam pemanfaatannya dilakukan dengan baik. Beberapa manfaat yang dapat diperoleh antara lain ialah seperti terdapat pasar hidup di lahan pekarangan, apotek hidup, lumbung hidup, serta bank hidup dan lainnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan peran Kelompok Wanita Tani (KWT) Teratai dalam pemanfaatan pekarangan rumah, produksi yang dihasilkan ibu rumah tangga dalam Kelompok Wanita Tani (KWT), serta kompetensi yang dimiliki Anggota KWT Teratai dan manfaat dari pemanfaatan pekarangan rumah yang dilakukan. Penentuan lokasi penelitian ini dilakukan secara purposive dengan jumlah responden sebanyak 21 orang berdasarkan beberapa pertimbangan. Metode penelitian yaitu menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa peran Kkelompok Wanita Tani Teratai yaitu peran pengetahuan/belajar, peran keterampilan, dan peran kerja sama. Setiap anggota menjalankan peran dengan baik dan sangat aktif. Hasil produksi berupa berbagai sayuran, pupuk kompos, dan produk makanan abon ikan dan tompi-tompi/pupu’. Hasil kompetensi yaitu KWT Teratai memiliki motivasi yang tinggi dalam pemanfaatan pekarangan rumah dan adapun manfaat yang didapat yaitu meningkatkan perekonomian, menghemat pengeluaran, memproduksi sayuran, dan tanaman lain yang bermanfaat.  Keywords: Kelompok Wanita Tani; Peran; Lahan Pekarangan
TINJAUAN HUKUM ISLAM TENTANG JUAL BELI RUMPUT LAUT (STUDI KASUS DESA/KELURAHAN TAKATIDUNG KECAMATAN POLEWALI)
Authors: Hidayat Syarif , Muin Rahma , Hindi Anwar
Published: December 2022

Isu utama dalam penelitian ini adalah bagaimana audit hukum Islam mengenai kesepakatan dan perolehan rumput laut dalam kerangka murabahah di antara pedagang dan pembeli pertumbuhan laut adalah sesuai dengan aturan pasang surut hukum Islam. Pokok permasalahan dalam pengujian ini adalah: 1) Bagaimana penentuan biaya secara tunggal oleh pedagang terhadap peternak dalam kesepakatan dan akuisisi pertumbuhan laut di Lingkungan Takatidung, Kabupaten Polewali Mandar? 2) Bagaimana audit Kompilasi Hukum Ekonomi Islam tentang jaminan nilai yang sepihak dalam jual beli rumput laut di Indonesia? Lingkungan Takatidung Kabupaten Polewali Mandar?Jenis dari penelitian adalah kualitatif dimana sumber data dalam penelitian ini adalah penjual rumput laut dan pembeli jumput laut, tokoh agama pada masyarakat Kelurahan Takatidung Kecamatan Polewali. Selanjutnya yaitu bagaimana cara mengumpulkan data yaitu menggunakan cara wawancara, dokumentasi, dan penelusuran referensi.Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pembeli rumput laut terlebih dahulu menentukan harga rumput laut sebelum terjadinya suatu akad jual beli yang diamana dia harus berpatokan kepada harga yang sudah ada sebelumnya, dan penjual harus terima harga yang telah ditentukan oleh si penjual. Jika ditinjau hukum ekonomi Islam penentuan harga bersifat sepihak itu hukumnya haram dalam sistem jual beli karena didalamnya terdapat suatu penimbunan barang atau harta jika terjadinya penurun harga rumput laut.
Defining the “Smart” Energy Retrofit
Authors:   Goody Clancy, Hoffman Elaine , Ferriss Lori ,   Goody Clancy
Published: December 2022

This research uses a case study of a prototypical higher education campus renovation project to investigate and model a “smart” energy retrofit—one that considers the carbon payback as well as the cost payback of the renovation to target strategic energy retrofit measures that provide maximum carbon reductions with minimum carbon and cost investment. The study tested an innovative process that incorporated several interrelated analytical methodologies to determine the optimal building renovation scope for maximum carbon reductions. These included thermal analysis to quantify the thermal resistance of individual components of the envelope, energy modeling to calibrate and determine whole building performance, and life cycle assessment to calculate embodied impacts. Using these tools in concert with cost estimating allowed the design team and owner to evaluate the financial and environmental return on investment of potential interventions in the existing building envelope, building systems, and primary energy sources. This case study demonstrates a replicable process to optimize both embodied and operational carbon through iterative analysis. The process illustrates that not all energy-conserving measures are worth pursuing when taken in the context of life cycle carbon and costs-a deep energy retrofit is not necessarily a smart energy retrofit. Additionally, energy retrofits should consider solutions that are appropriate to make immediate reductions while enabling further reductions through the future availability of greener energy sources. To reduce emissions from the building sector and achieve critical climate targets, the design and construction industry must rigorously analyze tradeoffs of embodied versus operations impacts, rather than defaulting to traditional best practice assumptions to meet critical climate targets.
Does EUI Fully Capture the Carbon Footprint of a VRF System? Using a Life Cycle Approach to Assess VRF System Emissions
Authors:   University of Washington, Rybl Vicki
Published: December 2022

Variable refrigerant flow systems are a popular technology for heating and cooling buildings due to their energy efficiency. VRF systems run on electricity, with no onsite fossil fuel combustion, which makes them attractive in the context of GHG emissions reductions through building electrification and grid decarbonization. Traditionally, the environmental performance of HVAC systems has been measured using the energy use intensity metric. This study aims to assess whether EUI adequately captures the GHG emissions associated with the life cycle of the VRF system. While life cycle assessments have been performed on HVAC systems, this is the first known cradle-to-grave LCA of a VRF system. The study aims to quantify GHG emissions for a VRF system in use at a LEED-certified office building in Seattle, WA. The LCA examines carbon impacts in three key categories: the materials required for system assembly, operational electricity, and refrigerant use. Results show that electricity use represents 47% of the carbon footprint and refrigerant use represents 52%. System materials are a less significant contributor to carbon footprint, at 1% of the total. The results suggest that energy use intensity is not a sufficient metric to quantify the carbon footprint of VRF systems and that a greater focus on refrigerant management is needed. Building designers should design VRF systems with a focus on optimized energy efficiency and low-impact refrigerant strategies, and not on equipment quantity, in order to minimize the carbon footprint of VRF systems over their lifetimes.
Designing for Sustainable and Resilient Neighborhoods: The Case of Peacock Park in Addis Ababa (Ethiopia)
Authors:   Tulane University, Garcia-Rubio Ruben , Scott Taylor ,   Tulane University
Published: December 2022

Addis Ababa, Ethiopia’s capital, has dramatically increased in population and land cover over the last decade. This expansion in both population and urbanization has strained the functional capacity of city infrastructure and many parts of the urban population lack access to basic public services. Moreover, this reality is compounded with the increasing negative effects of climate change. Together, these effects will continue to compromise the future of Addis Ababa.This article uncovers the initial outcomes of the “Addis Ababa River City” research project, which aims to create a holistic urban resilience strategy for Ethiopia’s capital through urban and architectural design. This document will address the design methodology and the resulting sustainable infrastructure design proposed for the upper region of the Kebana river. The sustainable infrastructure proposal primarily uses existing ecologies to address and pose solutions to the city’s most urgent urban issues. This text will culminate in highlighting the strategic intervention for Peacock Park, a key site within the sustainable infrastructure wherein a comprehensive redesign of the area proposes a more sustainable and resilient neighborhood.
Surf and Turf: Integrating Resilient Design Early in the Curriculum
Authors:   Thomas Jefferson University, Griffin Craig
Published: December 2022

Recent reports paint an increasingly grimmer picture about the pace of climate change. While we cannot back off from efforts to reduce carbon, we now recognize it is too late to stop the coming changes. Therefore, it feels ethically necessary to modify our teaching strategies to train future architects early on not just how to build more sustainably, but also how to deal with harsh environmental conditions they will encounter in coming decades. This paper describes pedagogical revisions that link a second-year studio and a building technology course with the goal of introducing and applying principles of resilient design at both the ocean shore and a rural wooded setting to cover a range of possible strategies. The first project, SURF; Resilient Design on the Coast is sited on the ocean to focus on methods to combat the effects of rising seas, storm surge and hurricane-strength winds on a building; such as a raised concrete structure and impact-resistant facades. The second project, TURF; Resilient Design in the Woods, is set on a natural site to focus on resilient design issues such as extreme temperatures, strong storms, drought and forest fire. Concurrent lectures in the tech course on passive heating and cooling, daylighting, thermal transfer and insulation, and non-combustible cladding and roofing materials support the studio project. To connect the 2 courses each student creates a color-rendered wall detail that describes the resilient design strategies employed.
Informed Forms: Introducing Climate Response into the Early Design Studio
Authors:   University of Detroit Mercy, Leach James , Nelson Kristin ,   University of Detroit Mercy
Published: December 2022

In an October 2017 article in Architect Magazine, editor Ned Cramer identified climate change as “the fundamental design problem of our time.”1 In the same article, he described the considerable impact - nearly 40% of annual world carbon emissions2 – that buildings contribute to this problem, and called for change in the industry. In February of 2019, the American Institute of Architects (AIA) publicly endorsed the Green New Deal, and in September, the AIA board ratified Resolution 19-11, referred to as The Big Move, which “declares an urgent imperative for carbon reduction.”3 This resolution also advances the development of the Awards Common Application, which will require the disclosure of building energy performance metrics, and will use the Committee on the Environment Top Ten Measures for ethical and responsible design, in the consideration of all AIA Design Excellence Awards submittals.4 These policy developments indicate a recognition within the architecture industry of the necessity to mainstream climate action and zero-carbon design. More recently, the 2020 National Architectural Accrediting Boards (NAAB) Conditions for Accreditation emphasize the same responsibility for educational institutions, identifying “Ecological Knowledge and Responsibility” as a key criteria of program evaluation (PC.3).5 This is reinforced by the addi- tion of the requirements that student work demonstrate “the ability to make design decisions” while considering “the measurable environmental impacts” and “the measurable outcomes of building performance” within the framework of a successful architectural design project.
Carbon Denominators
Authors:   Northeastern University, Fannon David , Laboy Michelle ,   Northeastern University
Published: December 2022

Mitigating climate change demands rapid reductions of greenhouse gas emissions from the construction and operation of buildings. As the design and construction industry improves tools and techniques for adding up buildings’ contributions to greenhouse gas emissions it must also consider and critique the methods used to normalize these data for analysis: how to divide them. Using Life Cycle Assessment methods, we accounted for the lifetime global warming potential of four case study buildings, each endemic of a primary structural material: steel, concrete, masonry, and mass timber. To improve the critical understanding of these denominators role in comparisons and decisions, we normalized the absolute totals using spatial (kgCO2eq/m2), temporal (kgCO2eq/year), and human (kgCO2eq/person) dimensions. The expanded analysis and visualization of lifetime carbon using novel metrics more closely associates these impacts with buildings’ purpose to shelter people over time. Attributing emissions to people, rather than buildings offers a meaningful and nuanced basis for comparison, for example, normalizing based on occupants shows that as the density increases, carbon intensity per person declines. Attending to the spatial demands of use, dividing emissions by net rather than gross area means emissions intensity decreases as building systems become more spatially efficient, while simultaneously increasing the potential occupant density. In long-lived buildings, the temporal carbon intensity (per year, or per generation) declines with age, and the time value of carbon suggests that future emissions reductions may be worth less than the present emissions to achieve them compared to even the least carbon-intensive new construction, thus emphasizing the urgent need for adaptation of existing buildings. A critical reassessment of the denominators used to normalize emissions complicates short-term considerations of life cycle emissions and militates for an architecture of persistence: designed for human use and reuse, for adaptation and maintenance.
Clinical and anamnestic analysis of in-patients with COVID-19 infection hospitalized during one month
Authors: Gubareva Ekaterina Yu. , Fatenkov Oleg V. , Konstantinov Dmitry Yu. , Gubareva Irina V.
Published: December 2022

Aim to analyze the clinical and anamnestic data of the patients with a confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19 who were hospitalized in the emergency department of the designated COVID-19 hospital of the Clinics of Samara State Medical University during one month and to compare the results with published registries data.
Material and methods. A retrospective anonymous data sample included patients hospitalized in the emergency department of the designated hospital of the Clinics of Samara State Medical University during a calendar month (01.03.202131.03.2021) with a confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19. A total of 126 patients (57.9% women) were included in the study, the average age was 65.912.8 years.
Results. Statistically significant differences (p0.05) in age and body mass index, as well as in the proportion of obese patients were obtained depending on the gender of the patients. Almost every hospitalized person had at least one comorbidity, among which the diseases of the cardiovascular system and gastrointestinal tract prevailed. In general, the obtained data are comparable with the international registries. The differences can be explained by the fact that there were no universal criteria for inclusion, except for the confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19, in the analyzed data samples.
Conclusion. The high frequency of some diseases makes it possible to significantly expand the possibilities of analysis and increase the reliability in identifying the causes affecting the prognosis in a particular region. The clinical and anamnestic features of a patient may allow individualizing the prognostic assumptions.
Newly formated (tertiary) lymphoid structures in tumor growth
Authors: Rustamkhanov Rasul A. , Kzyrgalin Shamil R. , Arybzhanov Dauranbek T. , Gantsev Kamil Sh. , Tursumetov Davlat S. , Gantsev Shamil Kh.
Published: December 2022

Aim to reproduce tertiary lymphoid structures and study their features in a malignant neoplasm in the experiment.
Material and methods. Male white rats of the Wistar stress-resistant line were inoculated with the tumor strain sarcoma M1. Using the methods of microsurgical preparation, color lymphography and ultrasonic sonolipodestruction we isolated the lymph nodes without metastatic lesions (described as secondary in normal anatomy), the lymph nodes with metastases of M1 sarcoma, and the newly formed nodes (extrauterine or tertiary). Lymph nodes were examined macroscopically, micromorphometric studies were performed, histological and immunohistochemical signs of tertiary lymph nodes were determined. The obtained data were subjected to statistical analysis.
Results. In 60% of rats, in the right axillary region, in addition to the secondary lymph nodes described in normal anatomy, the tertiary lymph nodes were found on the side of the tumor. They were located near the histologically verified metastatic lymph node. The studied parameters of the main structural and functional zones of the tertiary lymph nodes had the following features: the enlarged marginal sinuses; a fewer number of lymphoid follicles; the average total area of blood vessels increased by 92% in relation to the metastatic lymph nodes and by 78% in relation to the secondary lymph nodes. The significant differences were registered with CD3, CD4, CD20, CD30 markers.
Conclusion. The study proved the possibility of reproducing tertiary lymphoid nodes in the experiment with malignant growth and revealed a number of their features.
Current trends in the development of long tubular bones osteosynthesis
Authors: Pankratov Aleksandr S. , Rubtsov Artemii A. , Ogurtsov Denis A. , Kim Yurii D. , Shitikov Dmitrii S. , Shmelkov Andrei V.
Published: December 2022

We reviewed scientific literature on the problem of osteosynthesis of long tubular human bones, published during the last 10 years. The Scopus, Web of Scince, Pubmed, RSCI databases were searched for the articles reporting the results of clinical studies and biomechanical experiments using plate osteosynthesis. The advantages and disadvantages of minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis for different segments have been revealed. The articles reported a lower probability of displacement development in minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis in comparison with intramedullary osteosynthesis, good biological conditions for fracture healing, decreased rate of complications of postoperative wounds due to reduced incisions.
In the concept of biological osteosynthesis, the advantage of axial dynamization and fracture micro-mobility over absolute rigidity was noted. The study also revealed the influence of the parameters of a plate and osteosynthesis technique on the rigidity of the plate-bone system, such as: the working length of the plate, the number of screws on the plate, types of screws (cortical or locking), the plate material and its profile.
The bone osteosynthesis seemed to have new directions of evolution. These include far cortical locking screws allowing micromobility under the plate, providing a "controlled dynamization". An experimental technology of Active Locking Plates has been reported, where the screws with angular stability are locked in holes on elastic sliding elements providing micromobility of the screw relative to the plate.
In general, all the visible results differed in various studies and, sometimes, contradicted each other.
PRETESTING PEDOMAN PENCEGAHAN DAN PENGENDALIAN CORONAVIRUS DISEASE (COVID-19) REVISI KE- 4 PADA TENAGA KESEHATAN DI PUSKESMAS
Authors: Notarianti Rizna , Nurhidayati Annisa , Mukti Ghifari Andini , Pratami Marita , Fatah Susi Hartati , Pratomo Hadi
Published: December 2022

Latar Belakang: Pada akhir 2019, virus Corona baru diidentifikasi sebagai penyebab sekelompok kasus pneumonia dan virus ini menyebar dengan cepat. Kemenkes RI mengeluarkan pedoman yang ditujukan bagi petugas kesehatan sebagai acuan dalam melakukan kesiapsiagaan menghadapi pandemik COVID-19. Tujuan: menilai persepsi (daya tarik, pemahaman, penerimaan, keterlibatan, keyakinan) tenaga kesehatan di Puskesmas terhadap Pedoman Pencegahan dan Pengendalian COVID-19. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif. Informan yang dipilih adalah tenaga kesehatan yang bekerja di Puskesmas pedesaan dan perkotaan. Informan diambil sebanyak 8 orang yang berprofesi sebagai kepala Puskesmas, bidan, petugas surveilens dan analis kesehatan. Hasil: Dari aspek daya tarik dan pemahaman secara keseluruhan informan mengatakan pedoman ini cukup menarik. Semua informan menyatakan bahwa setiap bab dalam pedoman dapat diterima. Pedoman ini dinilai sangat bermanfaat bagi tenaga kesehatan serta dapat dijadikan acuan dalam memberikan pelayanan di Puskesmas. Informan menyatakan bahwa pedoman ini ditujukan bagi tenaga kesehatan. Informasi dalam pedoman dipersepsikan dapat dipercaya serta meyakinkan. Kesimpulan: Persepsi tenaga kesehatan secara umum cukup baik dalam aspek daya tarik, pemahaman, penerimaan, keterlibatan individu dan keyakinan. Agar sesuai dengan perkembangan situasi saat ini, pedoman ini perlu diperbaharui. Disarankan juga menggunakan tata bahasa yang lebih teknis dan praktis, serta ada butir-butir, diagram/alur/bagan sehingga tidak menggunakan terlalu banyak kata-kata.[A1]  [A1]Udah dikurangi jadi 200 kata
SIFAT FISIK DAN KADAR PROKSIMAT SNACK BAR DENGAN PENAMBAHAN WORTEL (DAUCUS CARROTA L) DAN SALAK PONDOH (SALACCA EDULIS REINW) SEBAGAI ALTERNATIF CEMILAN ANAK SEKOLAH
Authors: Hasanah Apriatun , Fatimah Farissa , Khasana Tri Mei
Published: December 2022

Physical properties and proximate content of snack bar with addition carrot (daucus carrota l) and snake fruit (salacca edulis reinw) as alternative school children snacksBackground: Elementary school children aged 5-12 years are very vulnerable to nutritional problems because of the increased need for nutrients for optimal growth and development. The prevalence of underweight nutritional status in elementary school children aged 5-12 years is 6.8%. Judging from the proportion of the population aged 5, the level of fruit and vegetable consumption in the lower category is 95.5%. An alternative product development is needed to support the growth and development of school children from local food containing micronutrients, macronutrients, vitamins and minerals, namely by utilizing fruits, vegetables and nuts which are high in nutrients and formulated in the form of snack bars. Objective: This research aimed to assess the effect of variation adding carrot and snake fruit in snack bar on physical properties and proximate content. Methods: This was is true experiment with Completely Randomized Design (CRD) which consistd of 3 treatment adding carrot and snake fruit is 40%:60%, 50%:50%, 60%:40%. This research was conducted in the dietetic and culinary laboratory of Universitas Respati Yogyakarta, the proximate content test in the laboratory of Chemix Pratama Banguntapan Bantul. The data were analyzed by using One Way Anova, if there are differences continued with least significant Different (LSD). Results: The snack bar has a dark brown color in formulation A, brown in formulation B, light brown in formulation C, very sweet taste in formulation A, sweet in formulation B, Slightly sweet in formulation C, smell a peanut butter flavor and soft texture in formulation A, slightly soft texture on formulation B, hard texture on formulation C. Snack bar C have the highest water content (17,28%), ash content (2,72%) and fat content (18,12%). The highest protein content (6,37%) and the highest crude content (24,09%) in Snack bar B. The highest carbohydrate content (42,84%) in snack bar A. Conclusion: There is an effect of adding carrot and snake fruit in making snack bar on physical properties. There is an effect of adding carrot and snake fruit in making snack bar on proximate content.
Dynamical X-ray phase imaging of polymer materials under laser engraving
Authors: Ueda Ryosuke , Kimura Kenji , Takano Hidekazu , Hoshino Masato , Hashimoto Koh , Momose Atsushi
Published: December 2022

X-ray phase imaging provides higher sensitivity to polymer materials made of light elements than the sensitivity provided by conventional X-ray transmission imaging that relies on absorption contrast. High-speed X-ray phase imaging has recently been studied using pink-beam synchrotron radiation and a Talbot interferometer to enable dynamic observation. In this study, we adopted high-speed X-ray phase imaging for the inner visualization of polymer materials under laser engraving. A sequence of phase-stepping-based phase imaging with a temporal resolution of 5 ms was established by synchronizing an X-ray detector with the linear motions of a grating and a sample. The laser and X-ray paths were aligned orthogonally, and the engraving region was observed from the material surface in the depth direction, in which ablation followed by bubble formation with a certain time delay was demonstrated.
Effects of dispersion and saturable nonlinearity on dissipative solitons
Authors: Das Sudipta , Sekh G. A.
Published: December 2022

We study the properties of an intense pulse propagating in dissipative nonlinear systems considering nonlinear dispersion within the framework of the variational approach. We model the system by the so-called saturable cubic-quintic nonlinear Schrödinger equation including perturbing terms like two-photon absorption, intra-pulse Raman scattering, and dissipative losses. Introducing Rayleigh’s dissipative function we derive a set of coupled differential equations for the various parameters of the pulse. It is clearly demonstrated how the interplay among dispersion, saturable nonlinearity, and dissipative losses affects intense-short pulse propagation in optical media.
Impact of supercooled liquid structures on the crystallization processes of amorphous Ge
Authors: Nagaoka Shunya , Tahara Chihiro , Ishimaru Manabu
Published: December 2022

The crystallization processes of amorphous Ge as well as the atomistic structures of the growth front were examined by molecular-dynamics simulations. An amorphous Ge network was annealed in a thermal bath with a temperature gradient. Crystallization proceeded via the supercooled liquid, and changed from random nanocrystallization to large-oriented grain growth. The resultant structures qualitatively reproduced the explosive crystallization observed with pulsed-laser irradiation and flash lamp annealing. The supercooled liquid was found to transform from a tetrahedral liquid to a more highly-coordinated liquid with increasing temperature, which was attributed to the change in growth mode.
Ecodanças: reflexões sobre práticas artísticas afro-indígenas como pesquisa
Authors: Oliveira Victor Hugo Neves de , Cunha Liana da Silva
Published: December 2022

Este artigo busca compartilhar determinados apontamentos sobre a pesquisa-arte elaborada no campo dos Estudos em Dança. Para tanto, traça-se um percurso que tem como foco as práticas artísticas de ascendência africana ou indígena. Parte-se da seguinte problemática: “por que estabelecer no contexto dos debates da prática como pesquisa um recorte de caráter étnico-racial?”. Supõe-se que as práticas artísticas produzidas por subjetividades racialmente minoritárias são sínteses de uma experiência histórica e de uma qualidade de saber vinculadas às vivências coletivas de resistências em contextos de guerra. Parte-se da ideia de guerra como uma condição histórica implementada pelo colonialismo no campo da vida social que fomenta destruição e morte. Como consequência, apresenta-se a categoria ecodanças como um conjunto de práticas artísticas pretas e indígenas que produzem políticas de vida e compartilha-se o sentido atribuído à ideia de aquilombúnquers. Espera-se colaborar com os debates estruturados no campo da prática como pesquisa.
PHYSIOLOGICAL AND BIOCHEMICAL RESPONSE OF THE BODY OF CALVES TO NON-SPECIFIC STIMULATORS OF RESISTANCE
Authors: Velichko V. O.
Published: December 2022

Science and practice have proven that trace elements affect the regulatory systems of the animal body. The mechanism of their pharmacological action is related to the intensity of protein synthesis, under their influence the regulation of enzymes of carbohydrate and fat metabolism takes place, the growth and development of animals is activated. Under the conditions of increasing man-made load on the environment, and animals in particular, non-compliance with the recommendations for their feeding and maintenance, stress reactions, immunodeficiency states, a decrease in metabolism and, accordingly, the productivity of farm animals develop. In modern conditions, the natural lack of microelements is also aggravated by the man-made load on agroecosystems, which also causes a negative impact on the vital activity of animals.

At the same time, the aggression of the animal body by heavy metals and their displacement of biogenic microelements from tissue structures and their replacement in metabolic processes is possible, which is a potential prerequisite for the development of oxidative stress. Therefore, the spread of immunodeficiencies exacerbated the problem of regulating disorders of the immune system. All this leads to the development of methods of regulating the activity of the enzymatic system of antioxidant protection with the help of microelements, which makes it possible to have a direct influence on the formation of productive and adaptive properties of animals.

In the body of animals, microelements perform a number of important biological functions: they stimulate the activity of antioxidant defense enzymes, they have antimicrobial and antifungal effects. And this, in turn, has a complex effect on the quality of livestock products, the consumption of which can be attributed to the rational and preventive nutrition of people.

Knowledge of the mechanisms of formation of the immune status of the animal organism is of exceptional importance in the development of methods of correction of the immunodeficiency state, antioxidant protection.
STUDY IN VITRO OF ANTAGONISTIC ACTIVITY OF BACILLUS ISOLATES AND SELECTION OF PROMISING PROBIOTIC STRAINS
Authors: Chechet O. M. , Kovalenko V. L. , Horbatyuk O. I. , Gaidei O. S. , Kravtsova O. L. , Andriyashchuk V. O. , Musiets I. V. , Ordynska D. O.
Published: December 2022

The effectiveness of probiotic preparations is determined by the set of biological properties of the strains of cultures that are part of the probiotic, therefore, at the current stage of the development of biological antibacterial therapy, non-pathogenic probiotic spore-forming microorganisms, in particular bacteria of the genus Bacillus, are increasingly used to neutralize bacterial infections. The aim and tasks of the work were aimed at determining in vitro the level of antagonistic activity of isolates of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis and Bacillus coagulans isolated from poultry to standard test cultures of gram-negative and gram-positive microorganisms Pseudomonas aeruginosa АТСС 15442, Escherichia coli АТСС 25922, Salmonella typhimurium АТСС 29630 and Staphylococcus aureus ATSS 6538 and the selection of the most promising strains for the construction of the complex probiotic preparation "Biomagn". 27 isolates of the genus Bacillus were studied, isolated from poultry from poultry farms in Ukraine and identified to the species Bacillus subtilis — 13 strains, Bacillus licheniformis — 6 strains, Bacillus coagulans — 8 strains. Research on the determination of the level of antagonistic activity of research isolates of the genus Bacillus was carried out in vitro by two diffusion methods: the method of timed antagonism and the method of perpendicular strokes. Two promising strains of Bacillus subtilis (Bs–5 and Bs–9) were identified with very high and high levels of antagonistic activity against the indicator test cultures of microorganisms Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 15442, Salmonella typhimurium ATCC 29630 and Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538; two promising strains of Bacillus licheniformis (Bfl-1, Bfl-4) with a high antagonistic potential for action on indicator test cultures of microorganisms and one promising Bacillus coagulans (strain Bcg-5) with a medium level of antagonistic properties. The selected promising strains will be used for the construction of the complex probiotic preparation «Biomagn».
Therapeutic Targeting of DNA Damage Repair in the Era of Precision Oncology and Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors
Authors: Clark Curtis A. , Yang Eddy S.
Published: December 2022

Cancer manifestation is a multistep process involving accumulation of various genetic and epigenetic changes that results in oncogenic “hallmarks of cancer” processes including genomic instability. Exploitation of aberrant DNA-damage response (DDR) mechanisms in cancer is in part a goal of many therapeutic strategies, and recent evidence supports the role of targeting DDR in modulating the tumor immune microenvironment to enhance immunotherapeutic response. Improved cancer profiling, including next-generation and whole-genome mutational sequencing of tumor tissue, as well as circulating nucleic acids, has enhanced our understanding of the genetic and epigenetic molecular mechanisms in tumorigenesis and will become fundamental to precisely target tumors and achieve cancer control. With the successes of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors (PARPi) and immunotherapies, the intersection of DDR molecular machinery and corresponding antitumor immune response has gained much interest with a focus on achieving therapeutic synergy using DNA damage-targeting agents and immunotherapy. In this review, we provide a bench-to-bedside overview of the fundamentals of DDR signaling and repair as they relate to cancer therapeutic strategies including novel DDR-targeting agents. We also discuss the underlying mechanisms that link DDR signaling to antitumor immunity and immunotherapy efficacy, and how this knowledge can be used to improve precision medicine approaches in the treatment of cancer.
Prediction of Catfish Yield To Fulfill Community Needs Using Multiple Linear Regression Algorithm Method
Authors: Nurazizah Syifa , Winarno Sri
Published: December 2022

Fishery is one sector that is important for human life, because most of human needs come from fisheries, one example is the need for catfish. Currently, there is a gap between crop yields and community needs, which is indicated by very high demand while yields are low. Therefore, this study was conducted to predict catfish yields using a linear regression algorithm so that community needs are met. The method used for the training process in this study uses Multiple Linear Regression. Multiple Linear Regression is an analysis conducted on the dependent variable / dependent variable and two or more independent or independent variables. In contrast to simple regression which only has one independent variable and one dependent variable. Predicting the size of the dependent variable using the independent variable data which is already known. The results of this study analyzed the value of Root Mean Squared Error, and Mean Absolute Error. The result of the line equation from the training data for catfish harvesting is yˆ = -310.6119 + 0.0759x1 + 0.0245x2 + 0.6104x3
Road MAP of National Development Through The V Amendment of The 1945 Constitution
Authors: Abustan Abustan
Published: December 2022

The actualization of the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia in the administration of the state, after 23 years of reform or after 4 amendments have been made, it is deemed necessary/important to carry out the 5th amendment. solely on the needs/allegances of the state and it is relevant to the affairs of the life of all Indonesian people. The research method used is normative juridical research considering that what is studied is the result of books and regulations regarding: the ratio of amendments to the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia, public participation in constitutional changes, the national development planning system (SPPN), and reconstruction of the state policy model of the main principles of the state. . The basic question related to the current state administration issue is bringing back the State Policy Guidelines to be an important choice? In the course of Indonesia's state administration, it seems that a national development roadmap is urgently needed, in order to realize a good government, and maintain the sustainability of national development (sustainable government) so that the government (President) of the development program becomes a Vision-Mission that must be continued even though the President changes.
Penta Helix Model Tourism Development In The City of Palembang
Authors: Setianingsih Endang Larasati , Herawati Augustin Rina , Hariani Dyah
Published: December 2022

This research is a literature study on the penta helix model. This study aims to analyze the penta helix model of tourism development in the city of Palembang. The research method used in this study is a qualitative descriptive method. The type of data used in this study is qualitative data, which is categorized into two types, namely primary data and secondary data. Sources of data obtained through library research techniques (library study) which refers to sources available both online and offline such as: scientific journals, books and news sourced from trusted sources. The results of the study concluded that there are five important things or indicators that need to be considered in using this analysis. These five lines are, among others, shortened to ABCGM. The results of the pentahelix analysis on tourism in the city of Palembang, as for the roles and tasks of each line/field that synergize with one another, among others, Academics in the Penta Helix model act as drafters, the private sector in the Penta Helix model acts as an enabler, Community in the Penta Helix model Penta Helix acts as an accelerator, the government must act as a regulator as well as a controller, the media must be able to act as an expander