bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Uma ‘Aritmética Para Ensinar’ no Curso Primário: Orientações nos Manuais para o Ensino de Multiplicação
Authors: Maciel Viviane Barros
Published: September 2018

Como se dá o processo de constituição de uma aritmética para ensinar no curso primário a partir da leitura de orientações dadas aos professores nos manuais pedagógicos (1880 – 1970)? Buscando por respostas a esta questão maior, a pesquisa de doutorado traz um primeiro resultado tendo como foco as orientações para o ensino de multiplicação. Que multiplicação para ensinar se configura no final do século XIX e início do século XX nos manuais pedagógicos? Para tanto, a pesquisa se pautou em autores que colocam os saberes no centro das profissões de ensino e de formação. A extração de elementos a partir da análise das orientações nos manuais e a ligação destes com o que os referenciais denominam ‘saberes para ensinar’ proporcionaram uma leitura da multiplicação para ensinar que se estabelece no período. A perspectiva é de que ao longo do tempo, com a análise de outros manuais e de outros saberes a ensinar, o processo de constituição de uma aritmética para ensinar possa ser revelado.Palavras-chave: aritmética escolar; formação de professores; história da educação matemáticaAbstractHow does happen the constitution process of a ‘arithmetic for teaching’ in the primary school fron the reading of guidelines given to the teachers in manuals teaching (1880 – 1970) ? Looking for answers to this larger question, the doctoral research brings a first result focused guidelines for teaching multiplication. That multiplication for teaching is configured in the late 19th and early 20th century teaching manuals? Thus, the research was based on authors who prioritize knowledge and put them at the heart of the profession of teaching and training. The extraction of elements from the analysis of the guidelines in the manuals and the connection with what the references are called ‘ savoirs pour enseigner ‘ provided a reading of multiplication to teach that is established in the period. It is thought to be possible that over time, with the analysis of other manuals and other knowledges to teaching, the establishment of a arithmetic for teaching process can be revealed.Keywords: school arithmetic; teacher training; history of mathematics education.
“A I Conferência Nacional de Educação (Curitiba, 1927) como Possibilidade…”: Três Ensaios para Pensar a História da Educação Matemática
Authors: Morais Rosilda Dos Santos , Fernandes Filipe Santos , Medeiros Raquel Guimarães de
Published: September 2018

A I Conferência Nacional de Educação (Curitiba, 1927) tem se constituído como cenário de investigação para diversas pesquisas. Entretanto, não se identificam pesquisas que se voltaram a analisar a emergência de experts em educação e a problematizar o papel desses sujeitos como vetores de objetivação de saberes na formação e no ensino. Neste texto, a partir de olhares diferenciados de seus autores, são apresentados três ensaios pautados no encontro entre a I Conferência Nacional de Educação e a história da educação matemática nos quais se busca: 1. Considerar a primeira Conferência como possibilidade para pensar a configuração de experts e a solicitação da expertise em educação no Brasil; 2. Apresentar uma tese da I Conferência Nacional de Educação sobre o ensino de Aritmética, um convite a pensar questões do ensino primário do início do século XX; e, finalmente, 3. Traçar uma breve discussão sobre as contribuições do estudo derivado de documentos da I Conferência Nacional de Educação para pensar questões da pesquisa em História da educação matemática no Brasil.Palavras-chave: Década de 1920. Educação Matemática. Ensino de Matemática. Experts em educação. História do Ensino de Matemática.AbstractThe I National Conference of Education (Curitiba, 1927) has been constituted as research scenario for several researches. However, we do not identify researchers that has returned to analyze the emergence of experts in education and to problematize the role of these subjects as vectors of objectification of knowledge in formation and teaching. In this text, from the standpoint of its authors, three essays are presented based on the meeting between the First National Conference of Education and the history of mathematical education in which one seeks: 1. To consider the First Conference as a possibility to think the configuration of experts and the request of expertise in education in Brazil; 2. Present a thesis of the First National Conference on Education on Arithmetic teaching, an invitation to think about primary school issues of the early twentieth century; and finally 3. Draw a brief discussion on the contributions of the study derived from documents of the First National Conference of Education to think questions of research in History of mathematical education in Brazil.Keywords: 1920s. Mathematics Education. Mathematics Teaching. Experts in Education. History of Mathematics Teaching.
Underdiagnosis of Asthma in Syrian Shelters in Conflict Zones–Highlighting the Need for a Healthcare Training Program
Authors: Mohammad Yousser
Published: September 2018

Underdiagnosis of asthma is an important public health issue, particularly in conflict zones where populations are moved into crowded shelters. A survey of people living in Syrian shelters found a high prevalence of undiagnosed asthma. This is likely due to intense exposure of cooking fumes and tobacco smoke, as well as post-traumatic stress disorder. There is a need for chronic respiratory disease care in these settings.
Bazı Mısır (Zea mays L.) Çeşitlerinde Verim ve Kalite Özelliklerinin Belirlenmesi
Authors: KILINÇ Sevda , KARADEMİR Çetin , EKİN Zehra
Published: September 2018

Bu çalışma, farklı özelliklere sahip tane mısır çeşitlerinde kalite, verim ve verim unsurlarının belirlenmesi ve bölgeye uygun tane mısır çeşidinin önerilmesi amacıyla 2015 yılında Diyarbakır GAP Uluslar Arası Tarımsal Araştırma ve Eğitim merkezi Müdürlüğü deneme alanında, tesadüf blokları deneme desenine göre 4 tekerrürlü olarak yürütülmüştür. Çalışmada materyal olarak 6 mısır çeşidi (PR31D24,  Kalipso, 70MAY82, Suerto,  P1921, DKC6724) kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre çeşitler arasında, koçan uzunluğu, koçan kalınlığı, sap kalınlığı, bitkide koçan sayısı, tane/koçan oranı, 1000 tane ağırlığı,  tane nemi, nişasta oranı, ham yağ oranı, hektolitre ağırlığı özellikleri yönünden istatistiki farkların önemli olduğu belirlenmiştir. En yüksek tane verimi 1518.10 kg da-1 ile P1921 çeşidinden elde edilmiştir.
Spectrum of aerobic bacteria and their antimicrobial pattern in blood stream infections of hospitalised patients: a retrospective study
Authors: Swamy M. Anjaneya , Golia Saroj , Varania Neelima
Published: September 2018

Background: Bacteria associated with blood stream infections are an important public health problem which results in morbidity and mortality globally. Emergence of multidrug resistant isolates in hospitalized patients is a major problem. Automation techniques play a major role in early identification of the isolate and its drug susceptibility testing which is important for better outcome of the treatment. This study was aimed to detect the blood stream isolates and their drug susceptibility pattern in hospitalized patients.Methods: This was a retrospective study conducted from 377 records of automated blood culture (bact/alert) and drug susceptibility testing (vitek) results. Positive blood culture bottles were sub cultured to different culture media and the isolates were identified and screened for drug susceptibility testing on Vitek II.Results: Around 20.68% of samples were positive for blood stream infections caused by different pathogens. A total of 78 microorganisms were isolated from 377 samples. Among which gram negative bacilli was observed in 52.56%, gram positive cocci in 44.87% and yeast in 2.56% samples. Coagulase negative staphylococci and Klebsiella pneumoniae were the predominant isolates of the study.Conclusions: Early diagnosis of blood stream infections in hospitalized patients is life saving. Hence a continuous monitoring of isolates and their drug susceptibility is the need of the day.
A study of anaemia and its correlates among adolescent girls in schools of Haldwani, India
Authors: Goyal Neha , Rawat C. M. S.
Published: September 2018

Background: Anaemia, a manifestation of under nutrition and poor dietary intake of iron is a public health problem, not only among pregnant women, infants and young children but also among adolescents. Anaemia among adolescent girls can result in impaired physical growth, poor cognition, reduced physical fitness and work performance and lower concentration on daily tasks.Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out in schools of Haldwani, Uttarakhand, India with the objective studying various socio-demographic characteristics in relation to anaemia among adolescent girls. Multistage random sampling was used to select adolescent girls of 10 to 19 years of age who were interviewed and examined. Statistical analysis was done using Chi-square test and Odds ratios calculated with SPSS v21.Results: Around 371 girls in present study had varying severity of anaemia and majority had mild to moderate anaemia. Place of residence, type of school, birth order, type of family and mother occupation were significantly associated with presence of anaemia. Girls taking mixed diet were 1.23 times more likely to be non-anaemic as compared to girls taking vegetarian diet. Study showed adolescent girls consuming IFA tablets were less likely anaemic compared to those not consuming (OR=0.09, p<0.001).Conclusions: Among school going adolescent girls nearly half are still suffering from anaemia in India, despite the efforts of government and it is still a challenging public health problem.
Epidemiology of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae colonization in ICU: a pilot study from a tertiary care hospital in Western Rajasthan, India
Authors: Rajni Ekadashi , Rajpurohit Vikas , Rathore Praveen , Khatri P. K.
Published: September 2018

Background: Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) is a serious global public health threat. Antibiotic overuse, improper sanitation and unhygienic practices lead to large scale carriage and rapid spread.Methods: This is a prospective hospital based study planned for a period of 3 months including all patients admitted to 14 bedded Trauma ICU of a tertiary care hospital in Rajasthan. Rectal swabs were collected from admitted patients and carriage of carbapenem resistant Enterobacteriaceae looked for as per CDC guidelines. Screening of the Enterobacteriaceae colonies for carbapenemase production was done by Modified Hodge test. Carbapenem-resistant isolates were also tested for Metallo beta lactamase production by phenotypic disc confirmatory test.Results: A total of 73 patients were screened and 27 CRE isolates were obtained, carriage rate being 37%. A high level of resistance was seen to aminoglycosides, fluoroquinolones and cephalosporins. 100% sensitivity was however seen to Colistin, Tigecycline and Fosfomycin. 5 out of 27 strains showed a positive MHT test. Metallo beta lactamase (MBL) production was seen in 21/25 strains as tested by meropenem and Meropenem-EDTA discs.Conclusions: The current pilot study finds out the prevalence of CRE carriage among critically ill patients and stresses upon strong need for stringent infection control measures.
A study of placental morphology and correlation with colour doppler ultrasonography, maternal and neonatal outcome in high risk pregnancies
Authors: Botta Venkata Satya Kartheek , Atla Bhagyalakshmi , Prasad Uma , Namballa Uma , Prabhakula Sreevalli
Published: September 2018

Background: The placenta has multifaceted roles in foetal development and survival. Determination of placental abnormalities is very much essential in preventing intrauterine and perinatal morbidity and mortality. The aim of present endeavor was to study the placental histology and correlate with colour flow doppler ultrasonography, maternal and neonatal outcome.Methods: A prospective comparative study was conducted in 50 antenatal women of >28 weeks gestation. Out of these, 25 cases of high risk pregnancies which included pregnancy induced hypertension, preeclampsia, intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) and anaemia of chronic disease. Other 25 normal antenatal cases were taken as controls. All the women were subjected to colour doppler ultrasonography and study of placental histology done and results were correlated to maternal and neonatal outcome.Results: The Doppler flow was abnormal in 44% of high risk groups. Abnormal histological changes were seen in all the high risk cases (100%). The mean diameter of the placenta (20.69 cms) and the mean birth weight in high risk group (2.34kgs) were comparatively less than that of control group. Abnormal histological changes were maximally found in high risk groups of abnormal Doppler in comparison to control group. Perinatal mortality (2.22%), Apgar score (90.9%), IUGR (4.44%) are higher in cases with abnormal histology of placenta compared to normal cases.Conclusions: Placental abnormalities correlate well with the factors causing high risk pregnancies and the subsequent maternal and foetal outcomes. Placental examinations may help in better understanding of the mechanisms of placental dysfunctions that may contribute to more effective therapeutic strategies in the future.
Pattern of extra pulmonary tuberculosis among urban population with special reference to CBNAAT as a diagnostic tool: a retrospective study at a tertiary care hospital of Odisha, India
Authors: Rao C. Mohan , Thakur Bhaskar , Subhankar Saswat , Dash D. P.
Published: September 2018

Background: Diagnosis of Extra-pulmonary TB (EPTB) is a challenge. Authors wanted to assess the sites of extra-pulmonary involvement during 2013-2017 in a tertiary care hospital cum medical college. Authors also wanted to evaluate the role of Cartridge Based Nucleic Acid Amplification Test (CBNAAT) in diagnosis of EPTB and compare its efficacy with AFB Culture.Methods: Total 470 EPTB cases diagnosed between 2013 and 2017 from 840 TB treatment records maintained in designated microscopy centre. Specific samples from appropriate sites were taken up for smear for AFB, CBNAAT and AFB culture.Results: There was incremental detection and registration in both TB and EPTB cases from 96 and 50 cases in 2013 to 246 and 150 cases in 2017 respectively. Among the total 470 EPTB cases in 2013-2017 (55.9%), lymph node followed by pleura and abdomen were the organs having maximum involvement. Bone involvement was more witnessed in adult male than children (p <0.05). There was male preponderance. CBNAAT results were 100 % sensitive and 87.5% specific. Lymph node samples and pus elsewhere in the body had much better diagnostic yield than serous effusions.Conclusions: Awareness and availability of diagnostic services in tertiary care institutions has lead to increased reporting of EPTB under RNTCP services. CBNAAT can be also be utilized as a point of care testing for lymph node aspirate and pus specimen.
Clinicopathological study of breast lesions over a period of one year in a tertiary care center
Authors: Neeli Divyasree , Atla Bhagyalakshmi , Seeram Satish Kumar , Latchupatula Lavanya , Kamireddy Srikanth Reddy
Published: September 2018

Background: Breast carcinoma is no longer seen as a single disease but rather a multifaceted disease comprised of distinct biological subtypes with varied natural history, presenting a diverse spectrum of clinico-pathological and molecular features with different therapeutic and prognostic implications. The present study was designed to evaluate the frequency, age, gender and histopathological features of breast carcinoma in a tertiary care hospital.Methods: The present study is a hospital based retrospective study for a period of one year from January 2015 to December 2015, conducted in the Department of Pathology, Andhra Medical College, Visakhapatnam.The clinical details were recorded as per the proforma. Tissue for H&E sections were fixed in 10% formalin and subjected to routine paraffin embedded processing and stained with Hematoxylin and Eosin.Results: Out of the total 185 cases of breast lesions, 151 cases (81.62%) were diagnosed as non-malignant and 34 cases were malignant (18.37%). Maximum number of patients, 106 cases (57.2%), were between 21 - 40 years. Out of 34 malignant breast lesions, 27 were diagnosed as Infiltrative duct cell carcinoma (79.41%), followed by medullary carcinoma 4 cases (11.76%).Conclusions: The pattern of breast lesions provides valuable information concerning clinicopathological profile of breast lesions. The clinical diagnosis of a breast lump must be correlated with histopathological diagnosis for correct and adequate treatment of patient.
Role of triple assessment modalities in diagnosis of palpable breast lump
Authors: Gadhvi Ashwinkumar S. , Gadhvi Udit I. , Bhimani Dhaval A. , Rajgor Darshil K.
Published: September 2018

Background: One fourth of women suffer from breast disease in their lifetime. Carcinoma of breast is the second most common cancer in the world. Timely and accurate diagnosis of breast lump with early intervention can be life saving. There are various modalities for the diagnosis of breast lump such as USG, FNAC and Mammography, MRI etc. but none of them is perfect. There are numerous reports suggesting that if the results of clinical assessment, mammography and FNAC are all combined, the diagnostic accuracy is nearly 100%. Furthermore, these techniques also provide information about tumor size, number, extent and grade preoperatively.Methods: Study was randomized, prospective, observational and longitudinal including 100 patients, selected according to inclusion criteria.Results: The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of triple test in present study were 98.68%, 87.5%, and 96% respectively. Out of 100, 76 patients were confirmed as having benign lesion and 24 patients having malignant lesion by histopathology examination.Conclusions: Results of triple assessment are same as the results by histopathology examination in majority of cases. It is highly accurate, can be used as a confirmatory diagnostic tool for breast lump, thus there is no need to perform diagnostic open biopsy for breast lump.
Health literacy and quality of life following rectal resections for cancer
Authors: Nguyen Ba Thinh , El-Khoury Toufic , Pathmanathan Nimalan , Loder Peter , Ctercteko Grahame
Published: September 2018

Background: Health literacy can be a stronger predictor of an individual’s health status than income, employment status, education level, and racial or ethnic group. The prevalence and impact of low health literacy in the rectal cancer patient population has received little attention. This study is a cross-sectional population survey to determine if there is a relationship between health literacy and quality of life in rectal cancer patients.Methods: All rectal cancer patients having a clinical encounter with the Colorectal Unit at Westmead Hospital will be invited to participate in the study. Two validated health literacy screens (REALM-SF and NVS) were administered along with the EORTC QLQ-C30 quality of life assessment. The association between health literacy and quality of life will be examined using Spearman regression.Results: 92 patients were recruited between March 2015 and July 2016. A significant proportion of our patients were found to have low health literacy (29.3 percent and 54.5 percent as measured by the REALM-SF and NVS, respectively). The mean QLQ-C30 summary score was 71.5 and the mean global health score was 69.4 (SD 23.3). There appeared to be no statistically significant correlation between health literacy and quality of life in our study. There was a moderately positive correlation between the NVS and REALM-SF (rho = 0.36, P <0.001).Conclusions: A significant proportion of our patients that have had rectal resections for cancer have low health literacy. We have not been able to demonstrate an obvious association between health literacy and quality of life in the present study.
The role of topical steroids in the treatment of primary pruritus ani: a systematic review
Authors: Trejo-Ávila Mario , Vergara-Fernández Omar
Published: September 2018

Background: Steroids can alleviate symptoms long enough for the patient to stop the compulsive pruritus-scratch cycle and allow for healing excoriated perianal skin, owing to potent anti-inflammatory and anti-proliferative effects. This systematic review was designed to evaluate the use of topical steroids for the treatment of primary pruritus ani.Methods: Studies were retrieved after searching the electronic databases Medline, Google Scholar, and Co-chrane Central. The search terms, pruritus ani, anal itching, idiopathic pruritus ani, primary pruritus ani and topical steroids were used. Outcomes were efficacy in reduction of pruritus and side-effects.Results: A total of 7 studies met our inclusion criteria accounting for 181 total of cases of primary pruritus ani treated with topical steroids between 1982 and 2007. On regard of the 181 cases, mean age of patients ranged from 35.4 to 49.5 years old, and similar proportion of males (51.6%) and females (48.4%) was found. Mean duration of symptoms (pruritus ani) varies widely among the studies, with a minimum 5.2 weeks to a maximum 6.5 years. The majority of studies employed hydrocortisone ointment at different concentrations (0.25% and 1%) as the primary therapy. On regard of the overall effectiveness of topical steroid therapy in patients with primary pruritus ani, it ranges between 73.9% to 100%. Few or no side effects were reported in the studies.Conclusions: This systematic review found a lack of high-quality studies on the efficacy of topical steroids in the treatment of primary pruritus ani.
Carcinoma stomach and its analysis on presentation in Government Vellore Medical College: institutional study
Authors: N. Rathi Thilagam , P. Anbalagan
Published: September 2018

Background: Cancer stomach is one of the five commonest cancer contributing to cancer mortality and morbidity.It is a curable disease if detected early but unfortunately most of the patients present in the locally advanced stage. Stage at presentation is the single most important prognostic factorand which determines the resectability of the disease.Methods: The present study is a Retrospective study and the study period was between January 2016 to January 2018. The inclusion Criteria were all patients above 30 years of age reporting with histopathological diagnosis of carcinoma Stomach to determine the age at presentation, stage at presentation, gender distribution, type of surgery done and the common histopathological diagnosis.Results: This study showed highest incidence of carcinoma stomach in the age group of 30- 50yrs.Male and female ratio was1.4:1. Around 58% patient presented in the locally advanced stage stage III A, IIIB and IIIC and 8% with liver metastasis.As already mentioned most of the patient present to the hospital in a late stage and stage is the most important prognostic factor.Conclusions: To conclude the present study showed a high incidence in the age group 30 to 50yrs and the most common affected gender was male. Pylorus and Pyloric antrum was the common site of presentation. Most of the patient around 58% presented in a locally advanced stage.
Our experiences with liver abscesses in hospitals attached to Bangalore Medical College and Research Institute, India
Authors: T. Kemparaj , Muralidhar Archit , K. N. Narasimhamurthy
Published: September 2018

Background: Liver abscess is a common problem in India and is associated with high morbidity and mortality. Broadly they can be divided into two types- Pyogenic and Amoebic. Amoebic in particular has a very high burden on society in India, believed to be secondary to poor sanitation and hygiene in the population.Methods: We performed a prospective, descriptive case series assessing demographic characteristics, presentation patterns, etiological factors, microbiological etiology, and management for patients treated for liver abscess at our centres between 2016 and 2018. 70 patients were identified and diagnosed on the basis of ultrasound and gram staining and culture of the pus aspirate.Results: Amoebic liver abscess was in majority (75%), with males being more affected than females (90%). Alcoholic and diabetic males between 30 and 50 years of age were most affected. Most presented with abdominal pain (96%). 53% needed Pigtail catheter drainage. Average duration of stay was 8 days, and 72% of the total patients showed relief of symptoms within 3 days.Conclusions: Most cases were found to be due to amoebic etiology rather than pyogenic. Both amoebic and pyogenic abscesses are noted to be more common in young men between the ages of 20 - 50, with a higher incidence noted among the alcoholic and diabetic patients. Most patients present with Upper abdominal pain and ultrasound is a useful tool in diagnosing the condition and providing valuable information about the site and volume of the abscess. Majority of patients needed Ultrasound guided drainage of the abscess. Average hospital stay was 8 days.
Laparoscopy: a tool for undiagnosed pain abdomen
Authors: Sharma Arpit , Sethi Deepak , Sethi Anjali
Published: September 2018

Background: Diagnostic laparoscopy has been in the armamentarium of the surgeon and gynaecologist for many years as a useful technique for evaluating pelvic pathology and it is now one of the most frequently performed laparoscopic procedures. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the role of diagnostic laparoscopy in undiagnosed pain abdomen. The Objectives of this study is to evaluate laparoscopy as a diagnostic tool in cases of undiagnosed abdominal pain where clinical symptoms and investigations are not conclusive and to evaluate benefits and complications of diagnostic laparoscopy.Methods: The study was done in 60 patients, presenting with chronic undiagnosed pain abdomen to a tertiary care hospital. All the patients were operated under general anesthesia in supine position. Diagnostic laparoscopy was done using 3 ports, one umbilical 10 mm, other two depending upon possible pathology. After the study, the data was analyzed to evaluate the role of laparoscopy in undiagnosed abdominal pain.Results: Out of 60 patients, 44 were female and 16 males. On diagnostic laparoscopy, findings were- chronic appendicitis - 31, chronic appendicitis with left ovarian cyst - 1, endometriosis with adhesions - 3, PID - 5, PID with adhesions - 3, suspected TB (GI/Genital) - 4, adhesions - 12, negative diagnostic lap - 1. So it may be concluded that diagnostic laparoscopy is a very useful tool to establish diagnosis in patients with undiagnosed abdominal pain with the following benefits are, superior diagnostic ability, better visualization of the abdominal cavity including the paracolic gutters and the pelvis, able to pin point the sites of adhesions with adhesiolysis during the same procedure, retrieval of specimen for histopathological examination, management of the pathology during the same procedure, avoiding unnecessary laparotomy, low complication rate.Conclusions: Laparoscopy is an efficient tool in the armamentarium of the surgeon to diagnose the patients of undiagnosed pain abdomen with numerous benefits and minimal complications.
Multiple stab injuries in an infant with silent bowel perforations: a case report
Authors: C. Danny Darlington , G. Fatima Shirly Anitha
Published: September 2018

Penetrating injuries of the abdomen occur rarely in infants and are mostly accidental. Non-accidental injuries are very rare. We report an infant boy who was stabbed by his father, at sixteen sites all over his abdomen and chest, with a pair of scissors. The child was clinically stable on presentation but omentum was seen protruding from one of the stab wounds. There was no evidence of peritonitis and imaging was normal. The stab wounds were explored, and laparotomy was performed. Intra-operatively, there was a sealed gastric perforation, a mesenteric tear and a long ileal laceration, which were all repaired primarily. In our case, though imaging was normal, a high clinical suspicion and early laparotomy reduced the morbidity and avoided mortality. This case report emphasizes the high index of suspicion for intra-abdominal injuries needed in penetrating abdominal injuries and the need for early exploration even if imaging and clinical status dictate otherwise.
Concealed abruptio-placenta and disseminated intravascular coagulopathy: a near fatal management experience in a peripheral center
Authors: Sharma Manoj Kumar
Published: September 2018

Disseminated Intravascular Coagulopathy (DIC) is a fatal complication. In pregnant mothers concealed abruptio placenta though less commonly occurring but more dangerous is a compounding factor for development of DIC. Ascending uterine infection in premature rupture of membranes and PIH are also compounding factors in causing DIC. However, the outcome is not very positive in majority of the cases. While managing such cases in peripheral setting, it is most pertinent to keep in mind the possibility of rapid deterioration of clinical condition of such patients, which might progress to fatality. Therefore, timely institution of resuscitative and supportive measures in such labile patient is of utmost necessity while delivering peri and post-operative care. The interesting case report discussed in this patient also was of life threatening severity but timely institution of whole blood transfusion, FFP and fluid support was immensely helpful in saving the patient in peripheral setup despite her undergoing three consecutive life saving surgeries and a peri-operative cardiac arrest.
Upper limb soft tissue metastasis in post mastectomy patient
Authors: Reddy Janani S. , Mahipathy Surya Rao Rao Venkata , Durairaj Alagar Raja , Sundaramurthy Narayanamurthy
Published: September 2018

Soft tissue metastasis from any primary malignancy is considered very rare and a breast carcinoma metastasizing to soft tissue is still rarer. To the best of our knowledge, carcinoma breast with soft tissue metastasis to upper extremity is very uncommon with only seven cases been reported in world literature till date and our case is the eighth such case in an elderly female, a known case of carcinoma left breast operated 7 years back. Only few case series and isolated cases reports have been published regarding any primary malignancy or breast carcinoma metastasizing to soft tissues. PET CT done showed features suggestive of left anterior chest wall recurrence with contralateral axillary lymphnodal metastasis and with soft tissue metastases in the left arm. We hereby present this case with review of literature to highlight its extreme rarity, unusual presentation, clinicopathological characteristics and its overall prognosis.
Liposarcoma of mesorectum presenting as chronic intestinal obstruction: a rare case
Authors: E. Rajesh Goud , Harsha Muvva Sri , Srikanth Jakkula , Amulya Kanmathareddy
Published: September 2018

The term ‘liposarcoma’ refers to a spectrum of neoplastic lesions that can be benign to malignant and likely to recur or metastasize. Liposarcoma is a common soft tissue sarcoma found in adults and occurs mostly in extremities especially thigh followed by retroperitoneum. Here we present a case of spindle cell variant of well differentiated liposarcoma of mesorectum and underwent Anterior resection for the same. The treatment of choice for liposarcomas of retroperitoneum remains debatable and there are no clear-cut guidelines available regarding the same. However, considering the higher rates of local recurrence we advise a complete surgical excision following anatomical principles.
Thoracoscopic ligation of the thoracic duct for a massive chylothorax following a thoracolaparoscopic oesophagectomy
Authors: Mahadevan Venkateshwara , Kalaichelvan Karthick , K. J. Raghunath , Premkumar Balachandran , Ali Sheena , Paul Subhankar
Published: September 2018

Chyle leak is an uncommon yet solemn complication following several head, face and neck surgeries, especially malignancies. Thoracic duct injury usually has an insidious onset and a long course of response and improvement rendering the patient nutritionally debilitated and immunocompromised.  Hence, the prompt identification and treatment of a chyle leak is essential for an optimal surgical outcome. Here, we present an interesting case report of a chylothorax, as a postoperative sequela in a 70-year-old male with carcinoma oesophagus who underwent a Thoracolaparoscopic oesophagectomy. He was managed by a thoracoscopic ligation of the thoracic duct, which not only negated the need for a major thoracic procedure, but also provided a good surgical outcome.
Anterior abdominal wall spindle cell tumour - atypical fibrous histiocytoma: a rare presentation
Authors: . Shubham , Ravi Ashokan , S. J. Haridarshan
Published: September 2018

Atypical fibrous histiocytoma is a rare and a distinct variant of cutaneous fibrous histiocytoma which can be misdiagnosed as sarcoma. It is mainly composed of a mixture of fibroblastic and histiocytic cells, especially found in the skin (dermatofibroma), particularly in the limbs. It is quite uncommon and is difficult to distinguish from a malignant lesion. Due to the lack of clear cut predictive morphological patterns and due to the suspicion of malignancy, complete surgical excision is recommended. Provided that atypical fibrous histiocytoma is treated by complete excision, a benign outcome is to be expected in most cases. However, like the cellular and aneurysmal variants of fibrous histiocytoma, atypical fibrous histiocytoma shows a higher tendency to recur locally than ordinary fibrous histiocytoma and may rarely metastasize. Lesions with floridly atypical features represent potential pitfalls for overinterpretation as pleomorphic sarcoma, which would appear to be inappropriate in most cases. Due to its rarity and uncertainty, we report a case of atypical fibrous histiocytoma and discuss its presentation, nature, types and treatment with reference to a brief review of literature.
Cryptorchidism: its influence on male fertility and the risk of the testicular tumor
Authors: Agrawal Sujan Narayan
Published: September 2018

In the embryonic stage, the testes develop in the abdomen and descend to scrotum, just before or at birth. The undescended testis is the result of the arrest of descent of testis in some part along its path, to the scrotum. The bilateral undescended testis is called Cryptorchidism which means hidden testis. The factors that contribute to the descent of testis includes Gubernaculum testis, the differential growth of abdominal wall, intra-abdominal pressure and temperature, Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), male sex hormones, insulin-like hormone 3 (INSL3) and maternal gonadotrophins. The descent of testis may become erratic and gives rise to undescended testis, ectopic testis, congenital hernia, and hydrocoele etc. As a rough estimate approximately 2-4% of male infants are born with Cryptorchism, thus making it, one of the most common congenital anomalies, in the male genitalia. It was found that the incidence of azoospermia in unilateral cryptorchidism was 13%, but in untreated bilateral cryptorchidism, it reaches up to 89%. Cryptorchid boys have increased the risk of a testicular tumor, mainly seminoma. Persistent exposure to high temperature in cryptorchidism could allow maturation of the neonatal gonocytes that has failed to mature as spermatogonia or undergo apoptosis. These cells may persist in testes for years together and eventually become carcinoma in situ cells with a high risk of testicular malignancy later in life i.e., 20-40 years of age. This review addresses the cryptorchidism, its influence on fertility and the risk of developing testicular germ cell tumor. The hormonal factors involved in testicular descend or otherwise is also highlighted.
Real-time multispectral video panorama construction
Authors:   Scientific and Design Center of Video and Computer technologies, Ryazan State Instrumentmaking Enterprise, Seminarskaya Street 32, Ryazan, Russia, 390005, Kudinov Igor , Pavlov Oleg ,   Scientific and Design Center of Video and Computer technologies, Ryazan State Instrumentmaking Enterprise, Seminarskaya Street 32, Ryazan, Russia, 390005, Kholopov Ivan ,   Scientific and Design Center of Video and Computer technologies, Ryazan State Instrumentmaking Enterprise, Seminarskaya Street 32, Ryazan, Russia, 390005,   Ryazan State Radio Engineering University, Gagarina Street 59/1, Ryazan, Russia, 390005, Khramov Mikhail ,   Scientific and Design Center of Video and Computer technologies, Ryazan State Instrumentmaking Enterprise, Seminarskaya Street 32, Ryazan, Russia, 390005
Published: September 2018

An algorithm for the video panorama construction from distributed multispectral cameras data is described. It is shown that operations of vision enhancement (modified Multiscale Retinex algorithm) and multispectral image fusion are implemented for two independently chosen regions of interest with a frame size of 1024x768 pixels and 30 fps using CUDA technology.
Edge detection of objects on the satellite images
Authors:   Vyatka State University, Moskovskaya 36, Kirov, Russia, 610006, Kurbatova Ekaterina
Published: September 2018

Image segmentation is an important stage in image processing. The approach for the satellite images segmentation based on objects edge detectionis proposed. The approach usesthe random Markov fields as a mathematical model of an image. It is proposed to use the methods of contour and texture segmentation on different color components of a satellite image. The contour segmentation detects objects with different colors. It is applied to component with color information. The transition probability in two-dimensional Markov chains is used as a texture feature. The texture segmentation is applied to component with brightness information. The simulation results of the proposed approach in different color models, such as RGB, HSV, Lab, are presented. The accuracy of detecting contours was estimated using the set of test images on the base of five criteria. The use of a combination of color and texture characteristics of regions, made it possible to improve the accuracy of objects edge detection.
Visible Structures Highlighting Model Analysis Aimed at Object Image Detection Problem
Authors:   Kazan National Research Technical University named after A. N. Tupolev - KAI, Karl Marx str. 10, Kazan, Russia, 420111, Saifudinov Ildar , Mokshin Vladimir ,   Kazan National Research Technical University named after A. N. Tupolev - KAI, Karl Marx str. 10, Kazan, Russia, 420111, Tutubalin Pavel ,   Kazan National Research Technical University named after A. N. Tupolev - KAI, Karl Marx str. 10, Kazan, Russia, 420111, Sharnin Leonid ,   Kazan National Research Technical University named after A. N. Tupolev - KAI, Karl Marx str. 10, Kazan, Russia, 420111, Hohlov Dmitriy ,   Kazan National Research Technical University named after A. N. Tupolev - KAI, Karl Marx str. 10, Kazan, Russia, 420111
Published: September 2018

The research considers an approach to solving the problem of reducing the data processed in mobile platforms oriented video-analytic systems. Different models of human visual attention has been analyzed and also classified according to the image segmentation. The results obtained are presented in the form of the method used for isolating the borders of the most significant object in the image. They are based on the optimization the length and curvature values of the object borders. This approach allows to filter significant structures in the image and process them with the help of image segmentation techniques. The method was evaluated according to usage the accuracy criterion along with other methods in delineation of boundaries: threshold value, morphological processing and watershed. Software and hardwaresystem for registering dump trucks has been improved. It gives the possibility to automatize the process of registration dump trucks, training them during the construction of roads.
High Resolution Imaging for Bistatic P and VHF Band SAR
Authors:   Povolzhskiy State University of Telecommunications and Informatics, Lev Tolstoy str. 23, Samara, Russia, 443010, Borisenkov Alex , Goriachkin Oleg ,   Povolzhskiy State University of Telecommunications and Informatics, Lev Tolstoy str. 23, Samara, Russia, 443010
Published: September 2018

In the article bistatic SAR imaging algorithm for P and VHF bands is described. The main feature of the system is that it uses two probing signals emitted simultaneously in two different frequency bands. As a consequence the spatial resolution of the proposed SAR can be potentially increased up to two meters. The results of full-scale ground experiment involving the proposed SAR are presented in the article.
Algorithm for detecting block-like cracks in facies of human biological fluids
Authors:   Ulyanovsk State Technical University, 32, Severny Venetz Street, Ulyanovsk, Russia, 432027, Krasheninnikov Victor , Trubnikova Larisa ,   Ulyanovsk State University, Lev Tolstoy Street42, Ulyanovsk, Russia, 432017, Malenova Olga ,   Ulyanovsk State Technical University, 32, Severny Venetz Street, Ulyanovsk, Russia, 432027, Yashina Anna ,   Research-and-Production Association Mars, Solnechnaya Street 20, Ulyanovsk, Russia, 432022, Albutova Marina ,   Ulyanovsk State University, Lev Tolstoy Street42, Ulyanovsk, Russia, 432017, Marinova Olga ,   Ulyanovsk State University, Lev Tolstoy Street42, Ulyanovsk, Russia, 432017
Published: September 2018

One of the most effective methods of early medical diagnosis is based on the analysis of facies (thin films) images of dried human biological fluids. The presence of special structures (markers) in facies indicates various pathologies of the organism at their earliest stages. To accelerate and reduce the cost of mass preventive medical examination of the population, it is required to create algorithms that allow markers detection on images of facies. In this paper we present an algorithm for detecting the "block-like crack" marker on images of facies of the follicular fluid obtained by puncture in vitro fertilization process. This marker indicates hypoxic and ischemic brain lesions. When developing this algorithm, first, through a visual analysis of the marker, its characteristic features were revealed. Further, methods of algorithmic detection of these features were developed. The decision about the presence of the marker was taken if there was a combination of its features. When testing this algorithm, 86% of images containing these markers were found, with 11% of false alarms.
Application of mixed models of random fields for the segmentation of satellite images
Authors:   Ulyanovsk State Technical University, Severny Venets str. 32, Ulyanovsk, Russia, 432027, Andriyanov Nikita , Dement'ev Vitaly ,   Ulyanovsk State Technical University, Severny Venets str. 32, Ulyanovsk, Russia, 432027
Published: September 2018

The problem of images segmentation is considered in the article. A brief overview of the existing segmentation methods is provided. We suggested to use estimates obtained in the course of nonlinear recurrent filtering for segmentation of inhomogeneous images. The proposed segmentation algorithm was investigated when working with generated images and real ones. It is shown that effective estimation of model parameters can provide the best quality of segmentation in comparison with the ISODATA algorithm. In addition, it is shown how it is possible to modify the segmentation model used to find the boundaries between objects.
Point clouds registration based on the point-to-plane approach for orthogonal transformations
Authors:   Chelyabinsk State University, Bratiev Kashirinykh str. 129, Chelyabinsk, Russia, 454001, Makovetskii Artyom , Voronin Sergei ,   Chelyabinsk State University, Bratiev Kashirinykh str. 129, Chelyabinsk, Russia, 454001, Kober Vitaly ,   Department of Computer Science, CICESE, Carretera Ensenada-Tijuana 3918, Ensenada, B.C., Mexico, 22860, Voronin Aleksei ,   Chelyabinsk State University, Bratiev Kashirinykh str. 129, Chelyabinsk, Russia, 454001, Tihonkih Dmitrii ,   Chelyabinsk State University, Bratiev Kashirinykh str. 129, Chelyabinsk, Russia, 454001
Published: September 2018

The most popular algorithm for aligning of 3D point data is the Iterative Closest Point (ICP). This paper proposes a new algorithm for orthogonal registration of point clouds based on the point-to-plane ICP algorithm for affine transformation. At each iterative step of the algorithm, an approximation of the closed-form solution for the orthogonal transformation is derived.
Technology for automatically characterizing the primary colors of the image and counting the number of objects
Authors:   Samara National Research University, Moskovskoe Shosse 34, Samara, Russia, 443086, Khotilin Maksimilian , Paringer Rustam ,   Samara National Research University, Moskovskoe Shosse 34, Samara, Russia, 443086, Rytsarev Igor ,   Samara National Research University, Moskovskoe Shosse 34, Samara, Russia, 443086, Kravtsova Natalia ,   Samara National Research University, Moskovskoe Shosse 34, Samara, Russia, 443086
Published: September 2018

This work is devoted to the analysis of images and finding objects located on them, with the subsequent calculation of their number. The method of preprocessing based on, socalled, allocation of priority colors of the image is considered. The paper reflects the results of a study of the developed algorithm for object selection and clustering using priority image color analysis.
Using spatial-temporal maps for visualization of the karst development dynamics
Authors:   Vladimir State University, Orlovskaya street 23, Murom, Russia, 602264, Sharapov Ruslan
Published: September 2018

There is a problem of visualization dynamics of karst processes during territory monitoring. For this can be used geographic information system. All information on existing forms of karst processes can connected to the map based on the coordinates. But there is a need to include into GIS the information about the dynamics of the karst processes. There is a big problem to solve this task in traditional GIS. Development of karst processes has features that affect their visualization in GIS: the shape and the state of karst objects may change; existing karst forms can be replaced with new objects; the frequency of state changes and appearance of new objects is small; cartographic basis (map) may change as a result of the impact of natural phenomena and human activities. To solve the problem can be used spatial-temporal GIS. In paper the basic features of the karst processes development that affect their storage and display on maps are given. The questions of organization of karst processes dynamics visualization on the basis of spatial-temporal maps are presented. Practical issues of linking the objects in map, display of them geometry, determine temporal boundaries of objects existence are describes.
Spatio-Temporal Slices for Frame Cut Detection in Video
Authors:   Samara National Research University, Moskovskoe Shosse 34, Samara, Russia, 443086, Sorokina Natalia , Fedoseev Victor ,   Samara National Research University, Moskovskoe Shosse 34, Samara, Russia, 443086,   Image Processing Systems Institute - Branch of the Federal Scientific Research Centre “Crystallography and Photonics” of Russian Academy of Sciences, Molodogvardeyskaya str. 151, Samara, Russia, 443001
Published: September 2018

The paper proposes an approach for unauthorized inter-frame video change detection using spatio-temporal slices. This approach can significantly reduce the amount of data processed and replace video processing with image processing that could be performed much faster. To test the efficiency of this approach, we consider a simple algorithm in analyzing adjacent rows of a slice and then classifying the rows based on its result. Experimental studies have revealed that this algorithm shows moderate results in terms of quality, but it has a great potential for improvement, which confirms the prospects of spatio-temporal slices for the given problem.