bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Manufacturing of high strength thin-walled aluminum 6063 tubes through severe plastic deformation combined with peak-aging treatment
Authors: Emamidoustabad R , Farshidi MH , Miyamoto H , Ito H
Published: November 2022

Thin-walled aluminum tubes are widely used for different structural purposes, and therefore, the development of new methods for strengthening these elements is critical. This matter is especially true for aluminum alloys 6xxx since their maximum strengths projected through peak-aging are considerably lower than the similar strength of other wrought aluminum alloys like 2xxx and 7xxx. Although different works have proposed the imposition of severe plastic deformation for strengthening of 6xxx alloys, the application of this method for thin-walled tubes has been less studied due to the complexities of the severe plastic deformation processing of thin-walled tubes. In this study, the manufacturing of high-strength thin-walled aluminum 6063 tubes through the imposition of a new severe plastic deformation process and a subsequent post-aging treatment at two different temperatures is studied. For this purpose, the tension test is applied to measure the strength variation. Also, the electron backscattering diffraction equipped with scanning electron microscopy and the X-ray diffraction experiments are applied to investigate the microstructural evolution. Results show that the proposed approach can be successfully applied to the manufacturing of high-strength thin-walled aluminum 6063 tubes. Also, the strengthening effect of this procedure is attributed to an increase in the dislocation density and refinement of grains during the imposition of severe plastic deformation and an appearance of finer precipitates during the peak-aging treatment.
Investigation of the self-balance impeller of a canned motor pump for axial force reduction
Authors: Jin Faye , Li Na , Tao Ran , Xiao Ruofu
Published: November 2022

Canned motor pump is widely used in the transportation of chemical industry. The common failure component of the pump is the sliding bearing. The service life of the bearing will be directly reduced if it bears too much axial force. Thus, it has higher requirements on the axial force balance of the impeller. In this study, the axial force and the axial force self-balance position of the canned motor pump impeller were calculated and analyzed by numerical calculation and experimental verification. By deducing the theoretical formula of the clearance, the relationship between the total axial force of the impeller and the size of the axial clearance is obtained, which can be concluded simply to a functional equation. Based on the principle of curve fitting, an iterative asymptotic strategy is proposed to solve the self-balance position. This method successfully avoids the problem that the axial clearance falls into “solving interval traps.” The results show that the axial force is sensitive to axial clearance at a special interval. The axial clearance size decreases with the flow rate increasing. This study is of great significance for solving the axial force balance state of impeller.
Research on design and characteristic of a new type of air suspension system with magnetic negative quasi-zero stiffness
Authors: Sun Liqin , Su Li , Li Zhongxing , Jiao Xuefeng
Published: November 2022

This paper designs a quasi-zero stiffness suspension with an air spring and a magnetic spring in parallel to improve the vehicle ride comfort. The proposed new suspension does not change the overall layout of the air suspension or affect the handling stability, reducing the system’s natural frequency by a sound vibration isolation effect for a low-frequency vibration and finally improving ride comfort. The feasibility of quasi-zero stiffness suspension is verified by mathematical modeling of air spring and magnetic spring, and reasonable structural parameters are set for the simulation experiment. The 1/4 vehicle model with two degrees of freedom is built in MATLAB / Simulink. Select body acceleration, suspension working space, and tire dynamic load as evaluation indexes to test the comfort performance of the proposed suspension. The result shows that the proposed new suspension has a noticeable effect on reducing the acceleration of the vehicle body and significantly improves the vehicle ride comfort.
The control strategy of the electric power steering system for steering feel control
Authors: Guan Xin , Zhang YuNing , Lu PingPing , Duan ChunGuang , Zhan Jun
Published: November 2022

The steering feel is mostly indirectly adjusted by directly modifying the assist’s magnitude of the electric power steering system. The adjustment is complex, and workload is large, and the steering feel is highly dependent on the performance of the hardware. It has poor robustness to vehicle performance degradation and external disturbance, so providing a consistent and controllable steering feel is not easy. This paper proposes an EPS control strategy for steering feel control based on closed-loop control of steering motion to solve the above problems. Firstly, take the driver’s desired steering motion intensity and pinion angle position as intermediate variables to decompose the EPS control strategy into three parts: steering style, the desired pinion angle calculation, and the desired steering resistance moment calculation. This decomposition method makes the steering feel control independent of the vehicle dynamics characteristics and reduces the difficulty of vehicle characteristic calibration and correction. In addition, a steering style model based on Stevens’ law and considering hysteresis characteristics is proposed. The steering feel can be directly controlled based on calibrating the vehicle's dynamic characteristics and the designed steering style. The test results driven by ACSL driving simulators of Jilin University show that adopting the control strategy proposed in this paper can improve the vehicle’s return-to-center performance, realize the designed driving style, and provide consistent and controllable steering feel with the design hysteresis characteristic. In addition, it has good robustness against the deterioration of vehicle hardware performance and external disturbance.
Evaluation of multi-hole diesel injectors spray under evaporating conditions: Effects of adjacent spray plumes on the macroscopic and mixture characteristics of target spray
Authors: Safiullah  , Ray Samir Chandra , Nishida Keiya , McDonell Vincent G , Ahmed Aftab , Ogata Yoichi
Published: November 2022

Previously, diesel sprays of multi-hole injectors were simulated in an environment where only a single spray plume was simulated. Although boundaries were declared as symmetry, the impact of aerodynamic forces between spray plumes was always neglected. In the present work, all spray plumes of diesel injectors are simulated in a cylindrical box mesh considering external effects including umbrella angle, space between nozzle holes, and hole length to hole diameter ratio. To examine the nozzle hole size effect, two 10-hole diesel injectors with hole diameters of 0.101 and 0.133 mm are investigated under 120 MPa injection pressure. Likewise, to understand the effect of injection pressure, the 0.101 mm hole diameter injector is studied under 120 and 140 MPa rail pressures. In experiments, Laser Absorption Scattering diagnostic technique is applied to visualize the vapor phase, measure mixture concentration and characterize air entrainment. Since Diesel fuel does not absorb UV light, Tracer fuel with the composition of 97.5% of n-tridecane and 2.5% α-Methylnaphthalene is used. On the contrary, sprays are simulated in the Eulerian-Lagrangian two-phase fluid framework using KHRT Breakup and Multicomponent Evaporation models. Parameters such as injection rate and initial spray trajectory angle are measured experimentally and used as input for the spray simulation. Computational results correspond with experiments particularly in terms of Penetration and Equivalence Ratio while Spray Angle deviates.
Conceptual design of a third generation aerobatic aircraft
Authors: Goraj Zdobyslaw , Frydrychewicz Andrzej , Danilecki Stanislaw , Olejnik Aleksander , Kiszkowiak Łukasz
Published: November 2022

This paper presents the development of an aerobatic aircraft including the influence of platform configuration on performance, elegance and safety of aerobatic manoeuvres. Several aircraft of different wing loadings were compared and the reduction of wing loading on manoeuvring slowdown was studied. Advantages of the biplane configuration influence on the desired properties of aerobatic aircraft were discussed in detail. Results of numerical simulations obtained for HARNAS-3 aircraft were compared with corresponding results received for EXTRA 300 aircraft. Some original design solutions for HARNAS-3, enabling easier control of this aircraft during the manoeuvring phase, were presented. Numerical simulations, wind tunnel tests and free flight experimental results for scaled-down HARNAS-3 models were presented, compared and discussed.
Design of contingency point return trajectory in the lunar orbit insertion phase for crewed lunar exploration missions
Authors: Lu Lin , Zhou Jianping , Li Haiyang , Zhang Hailian
Published: November 2022

To satisfy the requirement of contingency rescue in the lunar orbit insertion phase for crewed lunar exploration missions, this paper designs the contingency point return trajectory. First, according to different failure situations of the main propulsion system in the lunar orbit insertion phase, different types of contingency return modes are analyzed and summarized. Second, considering the terminal constraints of point return, a calculation model of the contingency point return trajectory is established, and a serial optimization process is adopted to obtain a high-fidelity solution. Finally, a numerical simulation is used to verify the model. The simulation results indicate that this model can be applied to determine the contingency point return trajectories under different situations in the lunar orbit insertion phase and demonstrate the validity and feasibility of the trajectory calculation model proposed in this paper. The research conclusions can provide a reference for the design of contingency rescue schemes in the lunar orbit insertion phase for crewed lunar exploration missions.
Nonlinear cascade sliding mode control based on extended state observer method for a DC-DC buck converter: Design and hardware experimentation
Authors: Li Juan , Wang Shuwang , Zhang Luyao , Li Shengquan
Published: November 2022

A nonlinear cascade sliding mode control (NLCSMC) based on extended state observer method is developed for a DC-DC buck converter in the presence of matched disturbances and uncertainties in this paper. First, all the matched and mismatched disturbances in DC-DC buck converter have been defined as a uniformed matched disturbance, including load and input voltage variations. Second, extended state observer is used to estimate the state variables and disturbances of the system that cannot be obtained directly. Third, a novel nonlinear function-based cascade sliding mode control method is proposed to achieve better convergence and disturbance rejection ability. Subsequently, the detailed convergence analysis of the closed-loop system is derived based on Lyapunov tools. Finally, simulation and experimental results are carried out to illustrate the nonlinear cascade sliding mode control based on extended state observer method (nonlinear cascade sliding mode control - extended state observer) has better control performance than linear cascade sliding mode control based on extended state observer method.
Understanding the Influence of Psychological and Behavioural Factors on Subjective Financial Well-being—An Indian Context
Authors: Mathew Vineetha , Kumar P. K. Santhosh
Published: November 2022

This study aims to understand some of the psychological and behavioural factors that drive subjective financial well-being in an Indian context. Family resource management model forms the foundation of the study with financial self-efficacy, propensity to plan and risk aversion as inputs; short-term and long-term financial behaviour as the throughput; and one’s subjective financial well-being as the output. Data was collected by administering a web-based standardized questionnaire on 520 financially active respondents. The hypothesized model was evaluated by structural equation modelling, and results revealed that while financial self-efficacy had a direct positive effect, propensity to plan and risk aversion had an indirect positive impact on financial well-being through one’s financial behaviour. Insights from this study can aid financial practitioners, educators and policy-makers to design intervention programmes to improve such personal traits to help their clients make better financial decisions and enjoy better outcomes.
Industry 4.0 in Textile and Apparel Industry: A Systematic Literature Review and Bibliometric Analysis of Global Research Trends
Authors: Deepthi B. , Bansal Vikram
Published: November 2022

The manufacturing industry is poised to undergo a paradigm shift with the advent of the Fourth Industrial Revolution, popularly known as ‘Industry 4.0’, which will integrate the physical and digital worlds. As a widely acknowledged phrase among research institutions and universities, the ‘Industry 4.0’ paradigm has attracted significant interest from the academic, business and scientific communities. Even though the concept is not new and has been at the forefront of scholarly research for many years with many interpretations, the ‘Industry 4.0’ concept has just recently been introduced. It is widely accepted not only in the research field but also in the manufacturing ecosystems. However, there is a need to comprehend industry-specific research advancements, trends and gaps due to the diverse applications of different technologies. This article systematically reviews and comprehensively evaluates the research on different Industry 4.0 efforts and their applicability in the textile and manufacturing industries. This article aims to map the current Industry 4.0 literature in the textile and apparel industry to analyse and categorize existing research and identify research gaps. We utilized the PRISMA framework to conduct a systematic review of the literature and 34 research publications on Industry 4.0 in the textile and apparel industry were located using a well-organized keyword search of the Web of Science and Scopus databases. The findings indicate that, of all Industry 4.0 technologies, the internet of things (IoT) and RFID applications are the most extensively investigated in the textile and manufacturing industries. Despite the extensive applications of additive manufacturing (AM)/3D printing and augmented reality (AR), research in both fields is still in its infancy. The study revealed that Germany is the country that has published the most literature on Industry 4.0 projects in the textile and apparel industries. We urge that future academics focus on determining the relevance of Industry 4.0 initiatives to small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) as the textile and apparel industry is dominated by SMEs in many developing countries.
Varied Aspirations and ‘Development’: Three Spaces of Kurseong
Authors: Lepcha Lasang
Published: November 2022

This paper investigates three different spaces, that is, the bazaar (town), comman (plantations) and busty (rural areas) within Kurseong, a small town in the Darjeeling hills, India. Based on informal conversations and interviews, the paper shows how ‘aspirations’ of the dwellers of these spaces are shaped and produced in fundamentally different ways. By tracing these differences, the paper argues that aspirations have a direct connection with the organization of space on the ground. The primary objective of this exercise is not merely to point out that there are such internal differences in this town but to locate ‘aspirations’ within a set of larger processes. For instance, we show how varying aspirations of the people in these three spaces are connected by their political demand for carving out this region from West Bengal to form a separate state of ‘Gorkhaland’ within the Indian union, and consequently to projects of ‘development’ and a boom in tourism. Such larger processes significantly intersect with life aspirations of the people and take on very different forms in these three spaces.
A Comparative Study of Chromium: Therapeutic Uses and Toxicological Effects on Human Health
Authors: Ray Anaiska , Jankar Jayshri Sadashiv
Published: November 2022

Chromium is an essential trace element whose deficiency can cause impairment of glucose tolerance, growth and various biological functions. There are two isotopes of chromium-trivalent chromium and hexavalent chromium. Both the isotopes of chromium have quite different effects on the human body. The objective of this narrative review is to compile the different effects of the two isotopes of chromium and give a comprehensive analysis of the effects of hexavalent and trivalent chromium. Data from various studies across different forums were compared to provide a concrete analysis of the therapeutic and harmful effects of two isotopes of chromium on human health. Chromium plays a vital role in the biological functions of the body. It might be helpful in balancing the glycaemic levels, triglyceride levels and cholesterol levels in the body. Excessive intake of chromium is harmful for health. Overexposure to chromium can lead to carcinogenic effects. Consumption of an insufficient amount of chromium might not be adequate as well. Trivalent chromium can be quite beneficial if taken in proper quantities. Hexavalent chromium can cause cancer. Trivalent chromium is beneficial, while hexavalent chromium is harmful to human health.
Homocysteine Levels and Clinical Outcomes in Schizophrenia—A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Vedam Venkata Aksheena Varahi , Ghanta Mohan Krishna , Kantipudi Suvarna Jyothi , David Darling Chellathai , Vijayalakshmi Melanathuru , Nuthalapati Poojith
Published: November 2022

Objectives:

To find out the relation between homocysteine levels in peripheral blood and the effectiveness as well as the safety of haloperidol and olanzapine in schizophrenia treatment.

Materials and Methods:

A prospective randomized parallel-group open-label interventional clinical trial was conducted on 40 mild to moderate schizophrenia patients. To compare the efficacy of olanzapine and haloperidol Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) score was used. Homocysteine levels of peripheral blood and Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scale scores were evaluated.

Results:

BPRS score improved in both groups on day 14 and day 28. But significantly more with olanzapine ( P value =.001). The olanzapine group showed a higher reduction (13.91±0.47 to 9.74±0.5) in homocysteine levels than the haloperidol group. Also, the BPRS scores negatively correlated ( r = –0.66) to homocysteine levels.

Conclusion:

Therefore, our study shows that peripheral blood homocysteine levels can be used to predict and assess the treatment outcome in schizophrenia patients. Biomarker driven approach in schizophrenia will allow the patients to be treated promptly with the right drug. In this light, personalized treatment holds great potential in the future.
Sportswashing: Media headline or analytic concept?
Authors: Skey Michael
Published: November 2022

Sportswashing is a neologism that has begun to appear with increasing regularity in the English-language media over the past few years. However, there has been limited academic discussion of the term and certainly no sustained analysis of what it might or might not offer to sports scholars. This lacuna is particularly curious given the rapid rise in interest in related issues, such as the links between sport and soft power, sporting mega events and place branding and sports diplomacy. Therefore, this paper has three main objectives. First to trace the links between sport and other forms of ‘washing’ (whitewashing, greenwashing etc) and to identify similarities and differences in these approaches. Second, to situate sportswashing within the wider literature on sports and state relations so as to better assess what, if anything, makes it different from cognate terms, including propaganda, public diplomacy, soft power and place branding. Third, to reflect on the utility of the concept, in both analytical and practical terms, in the contemporary era.
Gluten-free wafer formulation: Development, characterisation and addition of flavourings with antioxidant capacity
Authors: Mantovano Agostina , Mariela Patrignani , Conforti Paula Andrea
Published: November 2022

The incidence of celiac disease is increasing, therefore the demand for gluten-free products that also satisfy the nutritional requirements of celiac individuals is rising. Thus, the objective of the present work was to develop a gluten-free nutritionally balanced wafer formulation with a high content of antioxidants. First, the animal fat used in the traditional formulation was successfully replaced by high oleic sunflower. Second, the antioxidant content of several flavourings (cinnamon/honey/anise/vanilla) was measured and their addition to a gluten-free wafer formulation was evaluated. Third, multivariate statistical tools were used to select the formulation that properly mimicked the characteristics of a gluten-containing wafer. According to the results, anise and cinnamon were the most suitable flavourings to prepare gluten-free wafers, and the sensory analysis concluded that these formulations were highly acceptable (means>6.7 on the hedonic scale). Finally, the storage time analysis indicated that the texture of the gluten-free wafers was more susceptible to water absorption than gluten-containing wafers. Besides, cinnamon wafers presented a higher bioaccessible antioxidant capacity than anise wafers (43.5 ± 0.1 mg Trolox/g and 18.8 ± 0.9 mg Trolox/g respectively) (p < 0.05), which remained stable for four months. This indicates that during its shelf life, the product could be consumed with its beneficial effects intact.
Extracts from jatobá (Hymenaea courbaril L.) peel and seeds: Antioxidant and antimicrobial activities and synergistic effect of extract combinations
Authors: Scaramussa Simone Aparecida de Lima , Soares Larissa de Almeida , Santana Luciana Cristina Lins de Aquino
Published: November 2022

In this work, the in vitro antioxidant and antimicrobial potential of hydroalcoholic extracts from the peel and seeds of jatobá fruit and the synergistic effect of their combination against pathogenic bacteria were evaluated. The 80% ethanol fruit seed extract showed a greater antioxidant potential and higher total phenolic content (5135.61 GAE/100 g dry residue) than the maximum value obtained from peel extract using 50% ethanol (2614.74 1 GAE/100 g dry residue). Moreover, 70% and 80% ethanol seed extracts inhibited most bacteria, especially Pseudomonas aeruginosa, with the lowest values of minimum inhibitory concentration (1.0 and 8.0 mg/mL), when compared with extracts from peel. Combining the 70% ethanol extracts from peels and seeds reduced their inhibitory concentration by about 4 to 32 times against Bacillus cereus, Bacillus subtilis, Enterococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus aureus, P. aeruginosa and Salmonella enteritidis, when compared to each extract alone. Extracts from the peel and seeds of the jatobá fruit showed potential as natural antioxidants and antimicrobials.
Rage Against the Machine: Experimental Insights into Customers’ Negative Emotional Responses, Attributions of Responsibility, and Coping Strategies in Artificial Intelligence–Based Service Failures
Authors: Pavone Giulia , Meyer-Waarden Lars , Munzel Andreas
Published: November 2022

In their interactions with chatbots, consumers often encounter technology failures that evoke negative emotions, such as anger and frustration. To clarify the effects of such encounters, this article addresses how service failures involving artificial intelligence–based chatbots affect customers’ emotions, attributions of responsibility, and coping strategies. In addition to comparing the outcomes of a service failure involving a human agent versus a chatbot (Study 1), the research framework integrates the potential influences of anthropomorphic visual cues and intentionality (Studies 2 and 3). Through three experimental designs, the study reveals that when interacting with chatbots, customers blame the company more for the negative outcome, experiencing mainly frustration, compared with when they interact with a human agent. As the chatbot is perceived as not having intentions and control over them, it is not considered responsible. Thus, the company bears more responsibility for the poor service performance. However, the authors suggest that anthropomorphic visual cues might help mitigate the negative attributions to the company. The attribution of humanlike characteristics also helps promote both problem-focused coping, which helps consumers actively handle the service failure, and emotion-focused coping, which helps restore the emotional balance disrupted by the negative event.
Lamina cribrosa curvature index: A reliable parameter to screen diabetic patients for glaucoma
Authors: İlhan Esin , Tıskaoğlu Nesime S. , Baykara Mehmet
Published: November 2022

Purpose

To compare the translaminar pressure difference (TLPD), anterior lamina cribrosa surface depth (ALCSD), lamina cribrosa thickness (LCT), lamina cribrosa curvature index (LCCI) and peripapillary vascular density (pVD) in diabetic and healthy subjects.

Methods

Two hundred and eighty eyes of 140 patients (79 patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) without diabetic retinopathy (DR) and 61 healthy subjects) were enrolled in this study. Full ophthalmological examination, as well as optical coherence tomography (OCT) and OCT angiography (OCT-A) images, were analyzed. The ALCSD, LCT, LCCI were measured by enhanced depth imaging (EDI) OCT and the pVD by OCT-A. The TLPD values and relationships between TLPD and lamina cribrosa features and pVD were investigated in all subjects.

Results

The ALCSD and LCT were significantly shallower and thinner in diabetic patients when compared to healthy subjects (p <0.001). There was no significant difference in the LCCI in diabetics 13.717 (5.74–33.91) vs healthy subjects 13.118 (5.53–27.05) (p = 0.181). OCT-A revealed that the pVD in the diabetic group was significantly lower than in the non-diabetic group (p <0.001). TLPD was significantly lower in diabetic patients compared to healthy controls.

Conclusion

There are early changes in pVD and peripapillary vessel morphology in patients with DM. ALCSD and LCT were shallower and thinner in diabetic patients whereas the LCCI did not differ significantly. LCCI may be more valuable in assessing the lamina cribrosa (LC) of diabetic patients. The TLPD was found to be lower in diabetic patients compared to normal controls.
Study protocol for a Prospective, Randomized controlled trial of stEnt graft and Drug-coated bAlloon Treatment for cephalic arch stenOsis in dysfunctional arteRio-venous fistulas (PREDATOR)
Authors: Gan Chye Chung , Tan Ru Yu , Delaney Christopher L , Puckridge Phillip J , Pang Suh Chien , Tng Alvin Ren Kwang , Tan Chee Wooi , Tan Chieh Suai , Tan Alfred Bingchao , Zhuang Kun Da , Gogna Apoorva , Tay Kiang Hiong , Chan Sze Ling , Yap Charyl Jia Qi , Chong Tze Tec , Tang Tjun Yip
Published: November 2022

Background:

Treatment of cephalic arch stenosis (CAS) is associated with high risk of failure and complications. Although stent-graft (SG) placement has improved patency rates, stent edge restenosis has been raised as a potential limiting factor for SG usage in CAS. This study aims to evaluate the safety and efficacy of combining stent graft placement with paclitaxel-coated balloon (PCB) angioplasty versus PCB alone in the treatment of CAS.

Methods:

This is an investigator-initiated, prospective, international, multicenter, open-label, randomized control clinical trial that plans to recruit 80 patients, who require fistuloplasty from dysfunctional arteriovenous fistula (AVF) from CAS. Eligible participants are randomly assigned to receive treatment with SG and PCB or PCB alone in a 1:1 ratio post-angioplasty ( n = 40 in each arm). Randomization is stratified by de novo or recurrent lesion, and the participants are followed up for 1 year. The primary endpoints of the study are target lesion primary patency (TLPP) and access circuit primary patency (ACPP) rates at 6-months. The secondary endpoints are TLPP and ACPP at 3- and 12-month; target lesion and access circuit assisted primary and secondary patency rates at 3, 6, and 12-months and the total number of interventions; complication rate; and cost-effectiveness.

Discussion:

This study will evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of combination SG and PCB implantation compared to PCB alone in the treatment of CAS for hemodialysis patients.
Do international tourist arrivals change residents’ attitudes towards immigration? A longitudinal study of 28 European countries
Authors: Ivlevs Artjoms , Smith Ian
Published: November 2022

Can international tourist arrivals change residents’ attitudes towards immigrants and immigration? We discuss possible underlying mechanisms and provide the first evidence on this question using data from the European Social Survey (2002–2019; n=333,505). We find that, as tourist arrivals grow, residents become more positive towards immigration in Eastern Europe. In Western Europe, the relationship tends to turn from positive to negative at relatively high levels of tourism. The instrumental variable analysis suggests that incoming tourism has a positive causal effect on attitudes towards immigration in both Western and Eastern Europe. Overall, our study reveals an overlooked dimension of the tourism-migration nexus and highlights the role that international tourism may play in shaping attitudes towards immigration and, through these attitudes, immigration policy and flows, immigrant integration and more open and inclusive societies in tourism-receiving countries.
An extended stimulus-organism-response model of Hanfu experience in cultural heritage tourism
Authors: Liu Hengyu , Park Keun-Soo , Wei Yuqian
Published: November 2022

This article aims to explore an integrative model of authenticity, perceived value, flow experience, satisfaction, and destination loyalty based on the S-O-R theory framework. The proposed model was empirically tested in a field study with 358 respondents participating in the Xinguochao Hanfu festival held at a historical street in Changsha, China. The results indicate that there is a significant influence of authenticity on perceived value, but non-significant impacts on flow experience, and perceived value, flow experience and satisfaction are important antecedents in predicting destination loyalty in cultural heritage tourism. The current study contributes to analyzing the loyalty of cultural heritage tourist destinations and has insightful implications, which can be applied to other heritage tourism management.
Cooperating with the outgroup rather than the ingroup: The effects of status, individual mobility, and group mobility on resource allocation and trust in an interactional game
Authors: Durrheim Kevin , Tredoux Colin , Theil James , Mlangeni Lungelo , Quayle Mike
Published: November 2022

We describe a team game that implements a social dilemma between ingroup cooperation and defection by self-enriching outgroup exchange. We test hypotheses derived from social identity theory about how group status and belief about individual mobility and group mobility affect exchange behavior. We ran 60 experimental team games between rich and poor groups under one of four experiment conditions in a fully crossed design, manipulating the presence or absence of individual mobility and group mobility beliefs. Each game was played over 10 rounds in which participants generated wealth for self or group by allocating tokens to either the ingroup or outgroup bank or to outgroup individuals. We identify 10 exchange strategies via latent class analysis and show how class membership and resulting perceptions of group trust are predicted by the experimental conditions. The results show that rich status and individual mobility promote defecting exchanges with outgroup individuals, and that behavior under individual mobility beliefs weakens ingroup trust. In contrast, intergroup competition of the group mobility condition did not affect ingroup cooperation versus defection or trust.
Analysis of illicit stimulant use triangulating wastewater, general population survey and web survey data
Authors: Karjalainen Karoliina , Gunnar Teemu , Hakkarainen Pekka , Kankaanpää Aino , Rönkä Sanna
Published: November 2022

Background: We analysed illicit stimulant use in Finland by comparing three separate datasets collected at the same time. Methods: The data used were wastewater analysis (2014 and 2018), population-based drug surveys (2014 and 2018) and European Web Survey on Drugs (2018, Finnish data). Proportions, prevalence levels and trends of stimulant use as well as their consumption were measured. Factors associated with stimulant use were assessed for past-year stimulant or amphetamine use as an outcome measure in regression analyses. Results: Both population-based drug survey and wastewater data showed that stimulant use has increased in Finland between 2014 and 2018. Disadvantaged socio-demographic background and other substance use were associated with past-year stimulant use, with no geographical variation in Finland. The socio-demographics of those reporting amphetamine use differed between population-based drug survey and web survey. In the web survey, infrequent and occasional users of amphetamine were quite alike, whereas frequent users were more likely to be unemployed or use injection as the route of administration. Conclusion: Analysis of three different data revealed findings that would have been missed and conclusions that could not have been made by using only one dataset. Putting findings from different methods into dialogue raises new questions and opens new interpretations. This analysis emphasises the importance of the prevention of frequent use and associated harm, as well as the impact of versatile drug treatment and harm reduction services on it.
Extremely effective broadband low-frequency sound absorption with inhomogeneous micro-perforated panel (iMPP) backed with spider-web designed cavities
Authors: Rafique Faisal , Hui Wu Jiu , Naqvi Syed Murawat Abbas , Waqas Muhammad , Liu Chong Rui
Published: November 2022

Low-frequency wideband noise reduction has posed a significant problem to the scientific and technical communities in recent years. A single layer of a parallel-arranged inhomogeneous micro-perforated panel (iMPP) coupled with spider-web designed cavities is offered as a composite acoustic structure in this paper. Three different spider-web shapes have been designed and studied, i.e. circular, octagonal, and square. By controlling the different inhomogeneous patterns, perforation ratio, the thickness of iMPP, and back cavity depths, a broader multipeak low-frequency sound-absorbing performance equivalent to different resonant frequencies can be achieved. To anticipate the sound absorption coefficient of the new design, both theoretical analysis and finite-element method (FEM) simulation are executed. The predicted and FEM simulation sound absorption results of the new composite structure are verified in the experimental investigation using a square-designed sound impedance tube. By a subwavelength thickness of just 100 mm, a highly effective low-frequency broadband sound-absorbing composite structure is successfully attained by integrating many inhomogeneous MPP unit cells supported with spider-web-designed cavities. The average sound absorption coefficient is over 90% ( α = 0.94) within the bandgap of 230 Hz to 470 Hz. Compared to traditional sound-absorbing materials, the composite structure comprises inhomogeneous MPP coupled with spider-web-designed cavities, which may provide good absorption performance while maintaining a modest and robust construction for active low-frequency noise suppression.
Social linking practices across physical distance: The material constitution of sociality
Authors: Schwarz Sarah , Aufschnaiter Christiane , Hemetsberger Andrea
Published: November 2022

The COVID-19 crisis has resulted in physical distancing regulations, disrupting traditional practices of establishing and maintaining social relationships. We draw attention to digital nomadism as a mature case of navigating sociality in uncertainty to investigate how the linking value of materiality establishes social proximity without geographic contiguity through physical, virtual, and imagined practices. Using Miller’s (1987) theory of materiality and triangulating data collected from in-depth interviews and netnography, this study details the material constitution of co-presence with others in physical distance. We propose that consumers oscillate between work—instrumental practices of signaling and curating—and play—emotional practices of belonging and indulging—to experience social linking across different spatial and temporal frameworks.
The Prevalence of Bullying Victimization and Perpetration Among the School-Aged Population in Chinese Communities: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Xing Jianli , Peng Manman , Deng Zihong , Chan Ko Ling , Chang Qingsong , Ho Rainbow Tin Hung
Published: November 2022

Though bullying was predominantly documented in Western societies, increasing attention has been paid to bullying in Chinese communities during recent years. It remains unknown whether bullying among youngsters in the Chinese communities is similar to or different from their counterparts in Western societies. A systematic review was primarily conducted in English and Chinese databases from the start to December 31, 2021. This study estimated the prevalence of overall (integrating both face-to-face and cyber forms), face-to-face, and cyber bullying victimization and perpetration using random-effects models. Based on 68 eligible studies, this study revealed a pooled prevalence of overall bullying victimization of 22.7% (95% Confidence Interval [CI] [17.7, 28.6]) and a pooled prevalence of overall bullying perpetration of 15.7% (95% CI [6.7, 32.3]). Besides, the estimated prevalence were 20.8% and 10.3% for face-to-face bullying victimization and perpetration, while 9.6% and 8.4% for cyberbullying victimization and perpetration. The subgroup analyses showed that the high heterogeneity of prevalence among the studies estimating bullying victimization and perpetration could be accounted for by sample characteristics and the measurement approaches. This study suggests that bullying is prevalent in the Chinese communities, comparable to, if not higher than, in the Western societies. Prevention and intervention programs are urgently required to reduce bullying among the school-aged population in Chinese communities.
The combined effect of carding and punching parameters on the structural, mechanical and functional properties of needle-punched nonwovens
Authors: Roy Rupayan , Ishtiaque S M , Dixit Priyal , Laha Animesh
Published: November 2022

Fresh and pollution-free air is very much required to breathe normal and healthy life. However, due rise in the usage of automobiles and industrialization, the pollution load is also increasing day by day. Hence efficient filter media is in high demand. In this research, a systematic study was planned and executed for the development of efficient and bio-degradable filter media. A total of five process parameters; carding parameters namely, feeder speed, cylinder speed, and doffer speed, and punching parameters namely punch density and depth of penetration were considered as input parameters were considered and their effect on the physical and functional properties of the final fabric were studied. Forty-six samples were prepared as per 5 factor-3 level Box and Behnken design. The properties such as fabric thickness, tenacity, air permeability, and filtration efficiency were evaluated. Finally, the carding and punching parameters were optimized for achieving the required characteristics of filter media and achieving the best performance.
Using Qualitative Data Analysis Software to Support Digital Research Workflows
Authors: Paulus Trena M.
Published: November 2022

While software packages such as NVivo are typically considered useful for qualitative data analysis, in actuality they are powerful and flexible enough to serve as the central component of a robust digital research workflow. Various features of these packages can be used across the entire research process from reviewing the literature to writing up the study’s findings. This article provides an overview of available qualitative data analysis software (QDAS) packages, including how to: use software tactics to enact research design strategies; select an appropriate QDAS package; report the use of software in the research report; and consider implications of QDAS use for human resource development scholars.
Examination of Contextual Variables Across and Within Different Types of Placement for Elementary Students With Complex Support Needs
Authors: Jackson Lewis , Agran Martin , Lansey Kirsten Rebecca , Baker Dale , Matthews Somer , Fitzpatrick Heather , Jameson Matt , Ryndak Diane , Burnette Kristin , Taub Debbie
Published: November 2022

Research has begun to identify the breadth and complexity of contextual variables that impact the opportunities, services, and supports students with complex support needs receive across different classroom placements. Indeed, as research has suggested, placement in and of itself may determine the schooling experiences of these students in ways that can enhance or constrain the outcomes of the educational process. This study examined an array of contextual variables in relation to four types of placement in which students with complex support needs might be placed for educational services by their Individualized Education Program teams. Placements were defined in terms of percent of the school day students had access to age-level general education classes, ranging between no access (separate school) to 80% or higher (“inclusive”). The investigation used surveys completed by a national sample of special and general educators and administrators. Completed surveys were obtained for 117 students with complex support needs across all four types of placement. The findings revealed potential relationships between a number of contextual variables and placement, suggesting that: (a) student opportunities and experiences vary systematically in relation to the amount of access they have to general education classrooms and (b) the application of the Least Restrictive Environment process, with its tacit endorsement of segregated settings and specialized programs, may in fact negatively impact the education of many of these students. Implications of these findings and future research needs are discussed.
An axiomatic design theory for design of apparel products
Authors: Zhao Yu , Zhu Dahui , Zhou Feng , Song Jing , Zhang Wenjun
Published: November 2022

An apparel product has a unique feature other than other products in that apparel product design must consider three categories of design requirements, namely function (governed by natural sciences), comfort (governed by ergonomics), and pleasure (governed by aesthetics and psychology). This paper proposes a general design theory for apparel products. The theory is based on Axiomatic Design Theory (ADT), which is for the functional aspect of products, particularly by adapting ADT to apparel product design, to which all the aspects (function, comfort, pleasure) need to be considered. The proposed theory is thus called the Axiomatic Design Theory For Apparel (ADT-FA). The ADT-FA has two axioms. Axiom 1 (apparel) concerns coupling in the design requirement, and Axiom 2 (apparel) concerns redundancy in the design parameter. The proposed theory is preliminarily validated with the Zoot suit, which is well known in the community of apparel design. The work opens an avenue for more validations in future.
Calculation of gear mesh stiffness and loaded tooth contact analysis based on ease-off surface topology
Authors: Wei Bing-Yang , Li Jia-Qi , Cao Xue-Mei , Han Chun-Yang
Published: November 2022

Based on the theory of rack-gear common-tangential conjugate generating, the constructing of ease-off surface has been done by means of the topology modification of polynomial surface. By analyzing topological structure characteristics of ease-off surface, the meshing characteristics such as the contact area, the contact line, and transmission error are determined. By using the geometric analysis of ease-off surface and the potential energy method, the calculation methods of gear tooth stiffness and loaded transmission error are given, and a series of results for the tooth meshing stiffness, loaded transmission error, and load distribution map under varied loads are obtained. In order to solve the stress problem of tooth surface edge contact, the calculation method of quasi-Hertz contact is proposed by subdividing finite contact elements. Taking the second-order parabolic topological modification as an example, the time-varying history characteristics of tooth surface meshing are analyzed. The simulation results of the maximum contact stress and contact area are in good agreement with those calculated by MASTA software. Based on the integration of the geometric analysis of ease-off surface, the tooth stiffness calculation of potential energy method and the quasi-Hertz contact, it provides a convenient method for loaded tooth contact analysis.
School leaders’ self-efficacy and its impact on innovation: Findings of a repeated measurement study
Authors: Röhl Sebastian , Pietsch Marcus , Cramer Colin
Published: November 2022

In many studies, school leaders’ self-efficacy has been shown to be relevant for the successful development of schools, as well as indirectly for student learning. The current study examines the extent to which leaders’ self-efficacy prior to the COVID-19 crisis affected their schools’ innovative coping during the first pandemic-related school closure in 2020. To explore this, we used quantitative data from a repeated measurement survey of a representative sample of 493 school leaders in Germany, here with two measurement time points before and during the school closure phase. The results of structural equation analyses indicate that school leaders’ self-efficacy had a significant impact on both the width and depth of the innovations introduced at schools during the crisis. Other control variables, such as school leaders’ leadership experience or school size, showed no significant effects. This emphasises the importance of school leaders’ self-efficacy experiences for crisis management and leadership. Implications for school leadership training and support, as well as for further research, are discussed.