bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Improving Statistical Projections of Ocean Dynamic Sea-level Change Using Pattern Recognition Techniques
Authors: Malagón-Santos Víctor , Slangen Aimée B. A. , Hermans Tim H. J. , Dangendorf Sönke , Marcos Marta , Maher Nicola
Published: December 2022

Abstract. Regional emulation tools based on statistical relationships, such as pattern scaling, provide a computationally inexpensive way of projecting ocean dynamic sea-level change for a broad range of climate change scenarios. Such approaches usually require a careful selection of one or more predictor variables of climate change so that the statistical model is properly optimized. Even when appropriate predictors have been selected, spatiotemporal oscillations driven by internal climate variability can be a large source of model disagreement. Using pattern recognition techniques that exploit spatial covariance information can effectively reduce internal variability in simulations of ocean dynamic sea level, significantly reducing random errors in regional emulation tools. Here, we test two pattern recognition methods based on Empirical Orthogonal Functions (EOF), namely signal-to-noise maximising EOF pattern filtering and low-frequency component analysis, for their ability to reduce errors in pattern scaling of ocean dynamic sea-level change. These two methods are applied to the initial-condition large ensemble MPI-GE, so that internal variability is optimally characterized while avoiding model biases. We show that pattern filtering provides an efficient way of reducing errors compared to other conventional approaches such as a simple ensemble average. For instance, filtering only two realizations by characterising their common response to external forcing reduces the random error by almost 60 %, a reduction level that is only achieved by averaging at least 12 realizations. We further investigate the applicability of both methods to single realization modelling experiments, including four CMIP5 simulations for comparison with previous regional emulation analyses. Pattern scaling leads to a varying degree of error reduction depending on the model and scenario, ranging from more than 20 % to about 70 % reduction in global-mean root-mean-squared error compared with unfiltered simulations. Our results highlight the relevance of pattern recognition methods as a tool to reduce errors in regional emulation tools of ocean dynamic sea-level change, especially when one or a few realizations are available. Removing internal variability prior to tuning regional emulation tools can optimize the performance of the statistical model and simplify the choice of suitable predictors.
Using portable low-resolution spectrometers to evaluate TCCON biases in North America
Authors: Mostafavi Pak Nasrin , Hedelius Jacob , Roche Sebastien , Cunningham Liz , Baier Bianca , Sweeney Colm , Roehl Coleen , Laughner Joshua , Toon Geoffrey , Wennberg Paul , Parker Harrison , Arrowsmith Colin , Mendonca Joseph , Fogal Pierre , Wizenberg Tyler , Herrera Beatriz , Strong Kimberly , Walker Kaley A. , Vogel Felix , Wunch Debra
Published: December 2022

Abstract. EM27/SUNs are portable solar-viewing Fourier Transform Spectrometers (FTSs) that are being widely used to constrain measurements of greenhouse gas emissions and validate satellite trace gas measurements. On a six-week-long campaign in the summer of 2018, four EM27/SUNs were taken to five Total Carbon Column Observing Network (TCCON) stations in North America to measure side-by-side to better understand their durability, as well as the accuracy and precision of retrievals from their trace gas measurements and to constrain site-to-site bias among TCCON sites. We developed new EM27/SUN data products using both previous and current versions of the retrieval algorithm (GGG2014 and GGG2020) and used coincident AirCore measurements to tie the gas retrievals to the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) trace gas standard scales. We also derived airmass-dependent correction factors for the EM27/SUNs. Pairs of column-averaged dry-air mole fractions (denoted with an X) measured by the EM27/SUNs remained consistent compared to each other during the entire campaign, with a 10-minute averaged precision of 0.3 ppm for XCO2, 1.7 ppb for XCH4 and 2.5 ppb for XCO. The maximum biases between TCCON stations were reduced in GGG2020 relative to GGG2014 from 1.3 ppm to 0.5 ppm for XCO2 and from 5.4 ppb to 4.3 for XCH4 but increased for XCO from 2.2 to 6.1 ppb. The increased XCO biases in GGG2020 are driven by measurements at sites influenced by urban emissions (Caltech and AFRC) where the priors overestimate surface CO. In addition in 2020, one EM27/SUN instrument was sent to the Canadian Arctic TCCON station at Eureka and side-by-side measurements were performed in March–July. In contrast to the other TCCON stations that showed an improvement in the biases with the newer version of GGG, the biases between Eureka's TCCON measurements and those from the EM27/SUN degraded with GGG2020, but this degradation was found to be caused by a temperature dependence in the EM27/SUN oxygen retrievals that is not apparent in the GGG2014 retrievals.
Size, shape and orientation matter: fast and semi-automatic measurement of grain geometries from 3D point clouds
Authors: Steer Philippe , Guerit Laure , Lague Dimitri , Crave Alain , Gourdon Aurélie
Published: December 2022

Abstract. The grain-scale morphology and size distribution of sediments are important factors controlling the erosion efficiency, sediment transport and the aquatic ecosystem quality. In turn, characterizing the spatial evolution of grain size and shape can help understand the dynamics of erosion and sediment transport in coastal, hillslope and fluvial environments. However, the size distribution of sediments is generally assessed using insufficiently representative field measurements, and determining the grain-scale shape of sediments remains a real challenge in geomorphology. Here we determine the size distribution and grain-scale shape of sediments located in coastal and river environments with a new methodology based on the segmentation and geometric fitting of 3D point clouds. Point cloud segmentation of individual grains is performed using a watershed algorithm applied here to 3D point clouds. Once the grains are segmented into several sub-clouds, each grain-scale morphology is determined by fitting a 3D geometrical model applied to each sub-cloud. If different geometrical models can be tested, this study focuses mostly on ellipsoids to describe the geometry of grains. G3Point is a semi-automatic approach that requires a trial-and-error approach to determine the best combination of parameter values. Validation of the results is performed either by comparing the obtained size distribution to independent measurements (e.g., hand measurements) or by visually inspecting the quality of the segmented grains. The main benefits of this semi-automatic and non-destructive method are that it provides access to (1) an un-biased estimate of surface grain-size distribution on a large range of scales, from centimeters to meters; (2) a very large number of data, mostly limited by the number of grains in the point cloud data set; (3) the 3D morphology of grains, in turn allowing the development of new metrics that characterize the size and shape of grains; and (4) the in situ orientation and organization of grains. The main limit of this method is that it is only able to detect grains with a characteristic size significantly greater than the resolution of the point cloud.
Exploring tracer information in a small stream to improve parameter identifiability and enhance the process interpretation in transient storage models
Authors: Bonanno Enrico , Blöschl Günter , Klaus Julian
Published: December 2022

Abstract. The transport of solutes in river networks is controlled by the interplay of processes such as in-stream solute transport and the exchange of water
between the stream channel and dead zones, in-stream sediments, and adjacent groundwater bodies. Transient storage models (TSMs) are a powerful tool for testing hypotheses related to solute transport in streams. However, model parameters often do not show a univocal increase in model performances in a certain parameter range (i.e. they are non-identifiable), leading to an unclear understanding of the processes controlling solute transport in streams. In this study, we increased parameter identifiability in a set of tracer breakthrough experiments by combining global identifiability analysis and dynamic identifiability analysis in an iterative approach. We compared our results to inverse modelling approaches (OTIS-P) and the commonly used random sampling approach for TSMs (OTIS-MCAT). Compared to OTIS-P, our results informed about the identifiability of model parameters in the entire feasible parameter range. Our approach clearly improved parameter identifiability compared to the standard OTIS-MCAT application, due to the progressive reduction of the investigated parameter range with model iteration. Non-identifiable results led to solute retention times in the storage zone and the exchange flow with the storage zone with differences of up to 4 and 2 orders of magnitude compared to results with identifiable model parameters respectively. The clear differences in the transport metrics between results obtained from our proposed approach and results from the classic random sampling approach also resulted in contrasting interpretations of the hydrologic processes controlling solute transport in a headwater stream in western Luxembourg. Thus, our outcomes point to the risks of interpreting TSM results when even one of the model parameters is non-identifiable. Our results showed that coupling global identifiability analysis with dynamic identifiability analysis in an iterative approach clearly increased parameter identifiability in random sampling approaches for TSMs. Compared to the commonly used random sampling approach and inverse modelling results, our analysis was effective at obtaining higher accuracy of the evaluated solute transport metrics, which is advancing our understanding of hydrological processes that control in-stream solute transport.
CONCEPTUAL DOMAIN MODEL FOR MAINTENANCE MANAGEMENT OF HIGH-RISE RESIDENTIAL STRATA
Authors: Mehmood H. U. , Ujang U. , Azri S. , Choon T. L.
Published: December 2022

Abstract. Due to urban regions' lack of land for housing and infrastructure development, multi-level (vertical) constructions have developed rapidly. Massive developments and integration of high-rise buildings and structures, such as multi-story houses and apartments, are now prevalent in Malaysia. When it comes to the housing industry, preventive maintenance is critical because it helps individuals maintain their daily routines while also enhancing the productivity of activities in and around their residences. Therefore, the primary focus of this research is to review the temporal strata maintenance issues, build a conceptual domain model for maintenance procedures of residential strata in Malaysia, and link it with existing Land Administration Domain Model (LADM) packages. Furthermore, a Unified Modeling Language (UML) model for this LADM extension was created and is presented here on a conceptual level. This conceptual domain model for maintaining high-rise residential strata is designed by identifying the actors, classes, and their relationships derived from literature review, then created in the Enterprise Architect software. This conceptual domain model can further be used to develop maintenance management databases and software, which are nowadays essential for effective strata maintenance management.
ORGANIZING SMART CITY DATA BASED ON 3D POINT CLOUD IN UNSTRUCTURED DATABASE – AN OVERVIEW
Authors: Mohd Ariff S. A. , Azri S. , Ujang U. , Choon T. L.
Published: December 2022

Abstract. The concept of the 3D smart city is an integration of smart cities and information technology. One of the data sources of a smart city is point cloud data that are produced from various data acquisition tools such as LiDAR, Terrestrial Laser Scanning, and Unmanned Aerial Vehicle. Due to the large size of point cloud data input, traditional databases could not handle the data efficiently. Alternatively, unstructured databases have become an option. Furthermore, data for smart city applications are considered being complex and large. Storing data in the unstructured database can easily be retrieved from various front ends such as web and mobile devices. However, unstructured databases do not have fixed schema and data types that often limit the uses of 3D point cloud data in relational databases. There are four categories of the data model in the unstructured database: document store, key-value, column store, and graph store. Each of the categories has different characteristics and approaches to handling data. Thus, this paper aims to summarise an overview of each category and determine the most suitable data organisation and environment for a 3D point cloud of a smart city. The overview will aid the developer or user select and comparing available data models in the unstructured database to handle 3D point clouds.
The role of Antarctic overwintering teams and their significance for German polar research
Authors: Franke Steven , Eckstaller Alfons , Heitland Tim , Schaefer Thomas , Asseng Jölund
Published: December 2022

Abstract. Germany has been operating permanently crewed research stations in
Antarctica for more than 45 years. The opening of the Georg Forster Station
(1976) and Georg von Neumayer Station (1981) initiated a period of
continuous environmental monitoring that allowed both the former East Germany and West Germany to become contracting parties in, and achieve consultative status with, the framework of the Antarctic Treaty. This marked a milestone in German polar research. Continuous research at the Neumayer Station III, its two predecessors, and the now-dismantled former German Democratic Republic (GDR) Georg Forster Station is undertaken by teams of so-called “overwinterers”, presently with nine members, who stay at the base for longer than an entire Antarctic winter. Their long-term stay in Antarctica is defined by isolation, separation from civilization, routine work to sustain long-term scientific observations, and unique personal experiences. This article is dedicated to them and outlines their part and role in the German Antarctic research landscape.
Stochastic analysis of micro-cone penetration tests in snow
Authors: Lin Pyei Phyo , Peinke Isabel , Hagenmuller Pascal , Wächter Matthias , Rahimi Tabar M. Reza , Peinke Joachim
Published: December 2022

Abstract. Cone penetration tests have long been used to characterize snowpack stratigraphy. With the development of sophisticated digital penetrometers such as the SnowMicroPen, vertical profiles of snow hardness can now be measured at a spatial resolution of a few micrometers. By using small penetrometer tips at this high vertical resolution, further details of the penetration process are resolved, leading to many more stochastic signals. An accurate interpretation of these signals regarding snow characteristics requires advanced data analysis. Here, the failure of ice connections and the pushing aside of separated snow grains during cone penetration lead to a combination of (a) diffusive noise, as in Brownian motion, and (b) jumpy noise, as proposed by previous dedicated inversion methods. The determination of the Kramers–Moyal coefficients enables differentiating between diffusive and jumpy behaviors and determining the functional resistance dependencies of these stochastic contributions. We show how different snow types can be characterized by this combination of highly resolved measurements and data analysis methods. In particular, we show that denser snow structures exhibited a more collective diffusive behavior supposedly related to the pushing aside of separated snow grains. On less dense structures with larger pore space, the measured hardness profile appeared to be characterized by stronger jump noise, which we interpret as related to breaking of a single cohesive bond. The proposed methodology provides new insights into the characterization of the snowpack stratigraphy with micro-cone penetration tests.
Towards modelling of corrugation ridges at ice-sheet grounding lines
Authors: Hogan Kelly A. , Warburton Katarzyna L. P. , Graham Alastair G. C. , Neufeld Jerome A. , Hewitt Duncan R. , Dowdeswell Julian A. , Larter Robert D.
Published: December 2022

Abstract. Improvements in the resolution of seafloor mapping techniques have revealed extremely regular, sub-meter scale ridge landforms produced by the tidal flexure of ice-shelf grounding lines as they retreated very rapidly (i.e., at rates of several kilometres per year). Guided by such novel seafloor observations from Thwaites Glacier, West Antarctica, we present three mathematical models for the formation of these corrugation ridges at a tidally migrating grounding line (that is retreating at a constant rate) where each ridge is formed by either constant till flux to the grounding line, till extrusion from the grounding line, or by the resuspension and transport of grains from the tidal cavity. We find that both till extrusion (squeezing out till like toothpaste as the ice sheet re-settles on the seafloor), and resuspension and transport of material from the grounding-zone bed can qualitatively reproduce regular, delicate ridges at a retreating grounding line as described from seafloor observations. By considering the known properties of subglacial sediments we agree with existing schematic models that the most likely mechanism for ridge formation is till extrusion at each low-tide position, essentially preserving an imprint of the ice-sheet grounding line as it retreated. However, when realistic (shallow) bedslopes are used in the simulations ridges start to overprint one another suggesting that, to preserve the regular ridges that have been observed, grounding line retreat rates (driven by dynamic thinning?) may be even higher than previously thought.
Combatientes brutalizados, cultura soldadesca y policía: episodios vitales en sociedades barrocas del Mediterráneo Occidental
Authors: Mantecón Movellán Tomás Antonio
Published: December 2022

Esta investigación recupera el estudio de la tensión entre tan polarizados agentes de construcción del orden en las sociedades preindustriales como fueron, por un lado, las milicias cívicas o rondas nocturnas ciudadanas y, por otro, las milicias que aspiraban a expresar la monopolización de la violencia legítima y experimentaban un proceso de modernización etiquetados  como revolución militar. Sin embargo, pone su énfasis en algunos de los protagonistas tanto de orden como de conflicto, especialmente en la soldadesca, dispuesta para sofocar problemas, pero, a su vez, foco y agente de otros. La perspectiva analítica de la soldadesca desde enfoques singulares y episodios vitales ofrece facetas y características inusuales e ineludibles en el debate historiográfico de fenómenos como los de brutalización, estrés postraumático, posmemoria, cultura soldadesca e incluso revolución militar, que son destilados en las páginas de este artículo.
La prensa satírica y el poder. Análisis de un periódico del siglo XIX
Authors: Duñaiturria Laguarda Alicia
Published: December 2022

El presente artículo analiza cómo en la Historia política española la prensa ha servido como un medio de crítica al poder. La sátira del siglo XIX, más inteligente que la actual (más vulgar en algunos casos), se sirvió de la ironía y de la caricatura para exponer sus ideas a un público ávido por conocer la trastienda de la clase política. Para ello hemos utilizado los números que a lo largo de casi un año publicó un periódico llamado La correspondencia del Diablo, que han sido consultados y descargados de la Hemeroteca Municipal de Madrid (digital). La libertad de imprenta de entonces amparó que existieran cabeceras de periódicos que se manifestaron abiertamente republicanas, aunque finalmente el control de las mismas supusiera la desaparición de muchos de ellas.
La disolución de la Real Audiencia de Santa Fe, 1819-1820. Aspectos de la transición jurídico-institucional a comienzos de la República en Colombia.
Authors: Toro Silva Carlos Alberto
Published: December 2022

El presente artículo se centra en la disolución de la Real Audiencia de Santa Fe, corazón del aparato judicial del antiguo Virreinato de la Nueva Granada. La historiografía se ha centrado en mayor medida en las transformaciones políticas y sociales que sufrió la antigua Colombia, en lugar de en el colapso que sufrieron las instituciones españolas y sus miembros durante el proceso de transición. Este artículo cubre en parte esa laguna.
QUESTÕES RACIAIS E PRODUÇÃO DE SUJEITOS NA EXPERIÊNCIA DISCENTE NO CURSO DE PEDAGOGIA
Authors: Leite Ana Maria Silva
Published: December 2022

Uma quantidade significativa dos estudantes de Pedagogia da Universidade Federal de Goiás se autodeclara negra em um campus predominantemente branco. Devido a essa característica, o presente estudo se esforça no sentido de reconhecer quem são esses estudantes negros, quais as motivações para a escolha do curso, suas pretensões profissionais e, mais ainda, busca compreender as trajetórias acadêmicas através das categorias "autoestima", "ressignificação" e "cuidado". Os dados empíricos foram coletados através de pesquisas qualitativas com graduandas (os) autodeclaradas (os) negras (os), com enfoque nas experiências dos sujeitos, no intuito de contribuir para os estudos acerca do significado de ser negro em um ambiente educacional superior.
 PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Estudantes. Negras (os). Educação. Ressignificação. Cuidado.
TRABALHO DO TUTOR EDUCACIONAL NO SISTEMA ESTADUAL DE ENSINO DE GOIÁS
Authors: Silva Luis Gustavo Alexandre da , Tizzo Daiana Pires
Published: December 2022

Este artigo investiga o trabalho do tutor educacional no contexto das atuais políticas públicas educacionais formuladas pelo sistema estadual de ensino do Estado de Goiás. A pesquisa foi realizada a partir de estudos bibliográficos e relatórios de tutoria educacional. Os resultados da pesquisa demonstram que as políticas públicas educacionais, ao direcionarem suas ações em prol da obtenção de resultados nas avaliações em larga escala, tendem a interferir na autonomia do trabalho do tutor educacional em sua dimensão formativa e de gestão do trabalho escolar.
PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Tutor Educacional. Avaliação. Autonomia.
EDUCAÇÃO DEMOCRÁTICA, EMANCIPAÇÃO HUMANA E FORMAÇÃO CÍVICO-MILITAR: UMA ANÁLISE DO PROGRAMA NACIONAL DAS ESCOLAS CÍVICO-MILITARES (PECIM)
Authors: Silva Cleonice Aparecida Raphael da , Galuch Maria Terezinha Bellanda , Bárbara Rubiana Brasilio Santa
Published: December 2022

Este artigo de cunho qualitativo e bibliográfico tem como objetivo refletir sobre as correlações entre educação democrática, emancipação humana e formação cívico-militar, fundamentando-se na Teoria Crítica da Sociedade. Sob a premissa de que a educação democrática pressupõe a realização de uma sociedade justa e igualitária para todos, de homens livres e emancipados, retoma a trajetória da luta pela democratização da educação no Brasil para destacar os avanços desse processo que adentra o século XXI sob forte ameaça de retrocessos. Para elucidar o retrocesso, apresenta-se uma análise do Programa Nacional das Escolas Cívico-Militares (Pecim). Os resultados da análise apontam para a defesa de uma perspectiva de formação que, alinhada às políticas neoliberais e ao conservadorismo, contraria a formação do humano e compromete a democratização da escola, tornando incerta a educação com sentido emancipatório.
PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Teoria Crítica da Sociedade. Educação Democrática. Emancipação. Formação Cívico-militar.
FECHAMENTO DE ESCOLAS DESTINADAS AOS CAMPESINOS EM CONTEXTO AMAZÔNICO: O DIREITO À EDUCAÇÃO SUBVERTIDO AOS INTERESSES HEGEMÔNICOS EM RONDÔNIA
Authors: Santos Silvana de Fátima dos , Barros Josemir Almeida
Published: December 2022

Esta pesquisa é de abordagem qualitativa e objetivou analisar fatores que ocasionaram o significativo número de fechamento de escolas localizadas em áreas rurais na região amazônica do estado de Rondônia, Norte de Brasil, no período de 2000 a 2020. Indaga-se o processo de fechamento de escolas destinadas a crianças e jovens campesinos no estado de Rondônia, a partir do início do século 21, corresponde à efetivação dos propósitos do agronegócio? Entre as fontes utilizou-se materiais bibliográficos, noticiários de mídias e documentos – Sinopse Estatística da Educação Básica, Censos Agropecuários, dados do Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística e leis. O fechamento de escolas em áreas rurais é um acontecimento assinalado por interesses diversos, seja pela ausência de políticas públicas educacionais para os camponeses, seja pela junção de escolas em projetos de nucleação.
 PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Escolas Rurais. Educação Camponesa. Fechamento de Escolas.
DIREITO À EDUCAÇÃO DO CAMPO NA POLÍTICA DE FINANCIAMENTO DA EDUCAÇÃO BÁSICA: AVANÇOS E LIMITES A PARTIR DAS POLÍTICAS DE FUNDOS REDISTRIBUTIVOS
Authors: Cavalcanti Cacilda Rodrigues , Dantas João Paulo Marra
Published: December 2022

Nas duas últimas décadas, a política de financiamento da educação básica no Brasil incorporou importantes mecanismos redistributivos, visando diminuir as desigualdades na oferta de educação que comprometem a garantia do direito à educação, em condições de equidade e qualidade. Neste artigo, analisa-se a garantia do direito à educação aos povos do campo após o Fundo de Manutenção e Desenvolvimento do Ensino Fundamental e Valorização do Magistério, implementado em 1997, considerando-se o valor/aluno/ano do Fundef, Fundeb e do CAQ, além de dados das condições de oferta de educação básica nas áreas rurais. Apresentam-se evidências de que a política de financiamento incorporou mecanismos de diferenciação positiva para a educação no campo, mas estes não foram suficientes para a melhoria das condições de oferta.
PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Educação do Campo. Financiamento da Educação. Direito à Educação. Educação Básica.
Regionalidade e identidade no sertão de Outros cantos, de Maria Valéria Rezende: uma experiência “fora de lugar”
Authors: Luiz Márcia Michele Justiniano , Pelinser André Tessaro
Published: December 2022

Este trabalho analisa como a tradição literária regionalista manifesta-se no romance Outros cantos (2016), de Maria Valéria Rezende, com base na representação do espaço e da identidade. Examina-se, ainda, como a crítica literária tem discutido a presença do regionalismo na contemporaneidade e como tal discussão reflete na adesão ou recusa da autora à vertente regionalista. Constata-se que há ressonâncias da tradição regionalista no texto de Rezende, embora a autora rejeite o qualificativo de regionalista e qualquer relação da sua obra com essa corrente literária.
Introduction
Authors: Sijpesteijn Petra M. , Dar Alon
Published: December 2022

This thematic dossier is a product of the ongoing research project “Embedding conquest: Naturalising Muslim rule in the early Islamic Empire (600–1000 CE)” (EmCo), financed by the European Research Council. EmCo examines how interdependent relationships between individuals and groups contributed to the early caliphate’s longevity and success. One way to understand how these relationships functioned—including what expectations of rights and responsibilities they produced; how they were established, maintained, broken, and restored; who was involved in making and entitled to make decisions about their character, range, and limits; and who felt ownership over them—is to trace what happened when such relationships were tested and threatened in moments of crisis. Rebellions and violent uprisings form an obvious instance of such moments of crisis. This dossier arose from a workshop that examined social interdependency in the early caliphate through the lens of rebellions.
Judicial Landmarks in Modern Governance: The Contemporary Constitution in a Common Law Medium
Authors: Ojwang Jackton B. , Wangeci Loise
Published: December 2022

Governance institutions evolve within historically-marked ‘frontiers’, but the judicial sector more so, in view of its sharper normative design. The motions of courts are shown to rest upon legal principles and patterns that draw cast and moulding from inputs of scholars and jurists nurtured in the common law tradition, and their heritage has constantly attended upon the conception and formulation of the modern codified Constitution, which constantly draws upon the same for its effectuation. The Constitution, therefore, rests upon the people’s sovereign mandate, and the direct legislative signals, just as it remains predicated upon regular interpretation and re-definition by the values of the judicial order, largely evolved under the common law tradition – and thus, dependent upon the inspirational works of ages, of distinguished jurists in that tradition.
التحكيم وسيلة سلمية لفض النزاعات ومثالية عندالنزاع بين الأزواج (رؤية مقاصدية )
Authors: أحمد د. منال عبدالله علي أحمد
Published: December 2022

This study, tagged with (arbitration as a peaceful means to resolve disputes between spouses - Maqasid study -), is launched, whether arbitration is by individuals, or by national or international arbitration institutions;  From the idea that civilized coexistence in a society that may include people with whims and desires, the aggressor and the oppressor, and the abnormal psychopath needs to maintain order and discipline through the means and mechanisms of conflict resolution, which are no longer limited to the laws and legislation of the courts and the judiciary;  However, there have become modern trends that represent alternative means such as arbitration. Hence, one of the most important reasons for my choice of the subject of this study: following this peaceful means and knowing the basic principles of arbitration as an alternative means for settling disputes, and the extent to which it conforms to legal controls, standards and justice purposes. Then the authoritative decision of the arbitrators, especially that judge to separate the spouses in the event of disobedience.
PENERAPAN EMBELLISMENTS DARI LIMBAH KAIN DENGAN TEKNIK LASER CUTTING PADA EVENING GOWN
Authors: Kuswinarti Kuswinarti , Rohmah Siti , Lumbantoruan Mika Yudika Putri
Published: December 2022

Meningkatnya permintaan masyarakat terhadap pakaian dapat  memberikan dampak buruk bagi lingkungan karena dapat menyebabkan produksi pakaian jadi dilakukan dalam skala besar sehingga limbah garmen yang dihasilkan juga semakin besar. Salah satu upaya untuk mengurangi limbah garmen adalah dengan mengolah limbah kain sebagai material utama dalam pembuatan hiasan busana wanita atau embellishment.  Teknik yang dapat digunakan  adalah teknik pemotongan menggunakan mesin laser cutting. Metodologi penelitian yang digunakan adalah studi pustaka dan pembuatan produk. Hasil  produk dari penelitian ini berupa  evening gown yang  memanfaatkan limbah kain sebagai embellisment. Pada  evening gown yang dibuat diterapkan embellisment corsage pada bagian pinggang dan lingkar leher dengan tujuan agar busana tampak elegan dan mewah sebagai busana yang dikenakan pada kesempatan pesta di malam hari. Komposisi  serat material utama embellisment adalah 100 % poliester. Pengaturan speed dan power pada mesin laser cutting berpengaruh terhadap hasil potongan embellisment. Produk yang dibuat akan ditentukan harga jualnya sesuai dengan perhitungan harga jual dari harga pokok produksi (HPP) ditambah dengan laba yang diharapkan
Redes sem fio no monitoramento de falhas de máquinas: uma comparação de tecnologias sem fio com baixa densidade de nodos
Authors: Fertig Katharine , Tadeu Valle Odilson , Silveira e Silva Eraldo , Semprebom Tiago
Published: December 2022

A utilização de redes sem fio em ambientes industriais vem se tornando cada vez mais uma realidade. As principais motivações são o baixo custo de implantação e manutenção, em contraposição às redes cabeadas. Dentro da miríade de aplicações na indústria, o monitoramento de máquinas é particularmente importante pois permite predizer ou detectar a ocorrência de falhas, mitigando custos devido a uma sequência de eventos disruptivos. Principalmente em sistemas legados, os sensores sem fio podem requerer baterias que possibilitem uma longa sobrevivência da rede. O padrão IEEE802.11 por sua popularidade, vem sendo usado no monitoramento de máquinas, apesar do alto consumo de energia. Uma das alternativas é a tecnologia unslotted IEEE802.15.4 e a variante determinista DSME, que, apesar de baixas taxas de transmissão, possuem um perfil de consumo de energia muito baixo. Este trabalho visa avaliar um cenário em topologia estrela, com um salto e com baixa densidade de sensores, comparando estas tecnologias em termos de taxa de pacotes recebidos e energia residual. A avaliação é por simulação e confirma o alto consumo IEEE802.11, porém mostra que as vantagens do DSME, não são tão evidentes, podendo ser melhorado se explorado nas suas características de multifrequência.
Psychologically ready? Cases of EFL Elementary School Teachers’ Readiness to Teach English in Indonesia
Authors: Angraeni Anggi , Yusuf Fazri Nur
Published: December 2022

In the implementation of Kurikulum Merdeka in Indonesian schools, there is a fundamental change related to the position of English as a subject. When previously English was considered a local content subject at elementary schools, in today's curriculum, it becomes compulsory for both primary to secondary levels of elementary. The policymakers should be intrigued whether elementary school teachers in Indonesia are ready to respond to this change. Accordingly, this study intends to investigate to what extent the participated teachers are ready to teach English in elementary school. The psychological dimension of readiness was the main concern. To address this issue, a narrative inquiry involving three elementary teachers, all teaching in fourth grade, served as the participants of this study. They wrote their personal stories with guiding questions comprising their experiences dealing with English, how they had responded to changes, and their educational backgrounds. Through deductive coding and data analysis, it revealed that the participants had different ways of responding to change, such as: conducting preparation, worrying, being optimistic. They had different educational major, that was predicted as a factor influence self-efficacy. They also had different experiences in dealing with their English proficiency. However, they believed that they were psychologically ready to teach English at Elementary schools. Result indicates that there is importance to further investigate more in-depth investigations that include other dimensions of readiness: behavioural and situational readiness.
Ortaokul Matematik Öğretmeni Adaylarının Kesirlerle Bölmeye Yönelik Dönüşüm Bilgilerindeki Değişim
Authors: MUTLU Ebru , DUATEPE-PAKSU Asuman
Published: December 2022

Bu çalışmanın amacı, kesirlerle bölme öğretimine yönelik Mesleki Gelişim Süreci’ne katılan ortaokul matematik öğretmeni adaylarının alan ve alan öğretimi bilgilerindeki değişimi Dörtlü Bilgi Modeli’nin Dönüşüm Bilgisi bileşenine dayalı olarak tespit etmektir. Çalışma 2019-2020 öğretim yılında bir devlet üniversitesinde öğrenim gören dört son sınıf ortaokul matematik öğretmeni adayı ile nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden durum çalışması modeline dayalı olarak yürütülmüştür. Çalışmada öğretmen adayları ilk olarak herhangi bir müdahale olmadan kesirlerle bölmenin öğretimine yönelik ilk ders planlarını hazırlamışlardır. Ardından bölme ve kesir konularını içeren Mesleki Gelişim Süreci oturumlarına katılmışlar ve bu süreç tamamlandıktan sonra ikinci ders planlarını ve kesirlerle bölme konusunu içeren Mesleki Gelişim Süreci oturumlarının tamamlanmasından sonra da üçüncü ders planlarını hazırlamışlardır. Daha sonra, her öğretmen adayının kesirlerle bölmeye yönelik öğretim süreçleri gözlemlenmiştir. Çalışmanın verileri öğretmen adaylarının yazılı dokümanları, gerçekleştirilen yarı-yapılandırılmış görüşmeler ve gözlemlerden oluşmaktadır. Veriler Dönüşüm Bilgisi’nin alt bileşenleri (örneklerin seçimi, öğretmenin gösterimleri, temsillerin seçimi ve öğretim materyallerinin kullanımı) ile ilişkili tematik kodlamalar kullanılarak içerik analizi ile analiz edilmiş ve öğretmen adaylarının bilgilerindeki değişimler ortaya çıkarılmıştır. Öğretmen adaylarının örneklerin seçimi ve temsillerin seçimi alt bileşenleri kapsamındaki değişimleri diğer alt bileşenlere göre daha fazla olmuştur.
In vitro propagation of Gypsophila germanicopolitana Hub.-Mor. an endangered and edaphic endemic in Çankırı
Authors: ABDILLAHI Migane Nimaan , SEZGİN Mehmet
Published: December 2022

In this study, in vitro propagation of Gypsophila germanicopolitana HUB.- MOR., which grows on gypsum hills within the limits of Çankırı province was taken as an aim. The species is included in the list of plants under “critical extinction (CR)” according to the International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources red list category. Shoot tips and internodes of the plant were used as explant sources for in vitro propagation, as basal nutrient medium 1) Murashige and Skoog (MS) 2) Nitsch & Nitsch (NN) were chosen, as plant growth regulators 1) 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) (0 mg/L, 0.5 mg/L, 1 mg/L) and 2) Kinetin (KIN) (0 mg/L, 0.5 mg/L, 1 mg/L) were used as cytokinin source as well as 3) Indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) (0 mg/L) L, 0.25 mg/L, 0.5 mg/L) and 4) α-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) (0 mg/L, 0.25 mg/L, 0.5 mg/L) were as auxin sources. After that 36 combinations with different doses were established. Gelrite (2.1 g/L) was used as a gelling agent and 30 g/L of sucrose was added as a carbon source to the nutrient media. As a result, the best shoot regeneration was observed in Nitsch & Nitsch (NN) nutrient medium with a combination of 0 mg/L KIN + 0.5 mg/L NAA plant growth regulator. Root regeneration was more successfully present within the explants cultured in MS nutrient medium than in NN nutrient medium. No other in vitro propagation studies have been carried out on this endemic species before and so it has a unique value in serving as a basis for future studies.
Kargı Köyü Sığla ormanında (Burdur, Türkiye) güncel polen dağılımının incelenmesi
Authors: KARLIOĞLU KILIÇ Nurgül , YILMAZ DAĞDEVİREN Rüya , YILDIRIM Elif Ayşe , BERBEROĞLU Emirhan , ÇAKIR Çağlar
Published: December 2022

Bu çalışma, Kargı Köyü Sığla Ormanı Tabiat Koruma Alanı’nda bulunan Liquidambar orientalis Mill. (Sığla) Ormanının 2020-2021 ve 2021-2022 yıllarında güncel polen dağılımını belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Güncel polen dağılımını belirlemek için vejetasyonun farklılık gösterdiği 9 örnek alana Avrupa Polen İzleme Programı Protokolü kapsamında Tauber tipi polen tuzağı yerleştirilmiştir. Polen tuzaklarında iki yıl boyunca yapılan güncel polen analizleri sonuçlarına göre; yıllık polen yoğunluğu (cm²/yıl) en fazla olan odunsu taksonlar sırasıyla çam (Pinus), sığla (Liquidambar orientalis) ve herdem yeşil meşeler grubu (Quercus ilex tip)’dur. Kargı Köyü Sığla ormanında özellikle polen tuzaklarının etrafında yapılan ilk 10,5 m’deki vejetasyon halkaları içerisinde Liquidambar (sığla ağacı) baskın olmasına rağmen, Pinus polen üretiminin çok olması nedeniyle her iki yılda da tüm örnek alanlarda en fazla polen yoğunluğuna sahip takson olarak belirlenmiştir.
A ecologia integral como ferramenta de reflexão e aprendizagem na educação em ciências da natureza
Authors: Brum Alexandre Antunes , Brum Aline Neutzling , Bucco Nádia Fátima dos Santos , Rigon Algacir José , Moraes Maria Silvana Aranda
Published: December 2022

A ecologia integral discutida pelo Papa Francisco na Encíclica “Laudato si” de 2015 traz uma abordagem para o pensar sobre a manifestação da vida não somente como o homem no centro dos seres vivos, mas que direciona para uma visão mais ampla de todas as formas de vida e de sua importância, bem como da interrelacão e interdependência de todas as formas de vida para o sucesso da manutenção da vida na terra, inclusive do homem. Com base nesse conceito, esse trabalho objetiva desenvolver reflexões livres, que consideram a relação com outros conceitos importantes que juntos, quando ensinados nas escolas podem promover uma visão mais integrada de mundo e a partir de então promover a transformação comportamental (conversão ecológica) necessária para um futuro mais sustentável, menos impactante e mais amável para todos.
The Liminal Nature of the “Eclipse of Darwinism” as a Critical Phase in the History of Evolutionary Biology
Authors: Wagner Michał Jakub
Published: December 2022

The term “eclipse of Darwinism” was popularized by Julian Huxley, who used it to describe the period before the emergence of the evolutionary synthesis. The idea of the “eclipse” was later criticized, because it was used to show the superiority of the synthesis over earlier evolutionary theories. This historiography was opposed by Peter Bowler and Mark Largent. According to Bowler, Darwin was not a central figure in nineteenth-century biology. Rather, most naturalists worked within a different evolutionary paradigm. Largent suggested replacing the term “eclipse” with “interphase of Darwinism”, which would better reflect its nature as a preparatory phase for the creation of the synthesis. However, the philosophical presuppositions on which these interpretations were built, while helping them to avoid the errors of their predecessors, also led to new problems. The problems with the interpretations of the “eclipse” can be explained by its “liminal” character. Liminality is an intermediate period between the old and the new. Because of its transgressivity, a liminal period is hard to integrate within a given structure and is mostly excluded from the latter. When analyzing works of historians dealing with the “eclipse” we encounter a common tendency towards excluding this period from historical narratives.
Morphometric analysis of orbit in Turkish population: a MDCT study
Authors: PİRİNÇ Büşra , FAZLIOĞULLARI Zeliha , KOPLAY Mustafa , KARABULUT Ahmet Kağan , ÜNVER DOĞAN Nadire
Published: December 2022

Objective: The orbit is an important cavity containing vision-related formations and important neurovascular structures, and adjacent to various regions. This study aimed to evaluation, by multidedector computed tomography (MDCT) images, the morphometry of orbit by examining its changes according to gender and body side, and developments according to age, in Turkish population.

Materials and Methods: A total of 200 individuals’s (94 females,106 males;400 sides) MDCT images were evaluated. Images were examined according to the gender, body side, and the anatomical structures development.

Results: The height, width and depth of the orbit were determined as 36.04±2.97 mm, 32.33±2.59 mm, 38.35±3.32 mm on the right side, 35.79±3.18 mm, 32.29±2.67 mm, 38.13±3.21 mm on the left side, respectively, in healthy subjects. The height and width of the orbit were found to be statistically significantly larger on both sides in men than in women (p˂0.05).

Conclusion: Comprehensive information about the orbit and associated apertures is quite important for clinicians working in this area, damage to these structures can cause serious complications. In addition, determining the morphometry of the orbit can be used as an important parameter for determining gender, age and race in forensic medicine.
(Re)Presenting 1981
Authors: Potgieter Sebastian
Published: December 2022

The extent to which historians impose themselves on the past through their narratives remains contentious. While historians of sport have engaged these debates, most continue to assume a realist correspondence between historical narratives and the past. In this paper, I draw on Hayden White's model of narrative explanation to analyze two competing narratives on the 1981 Springbok rugby tour of New Zealand. The first is provided by Ross Meurant who served as a police officer during the 1981 tour; the second comes from antitour activist Geoff Chapple. White's model focuses on the form of historical narratives and directs attention to their tropes, emplotments, arguments, and ideologies. As well as evaluating the two contrasting narratives about the tour, I also respond to critiques of White's work in order to assess its merits for sport historians.
Darwin’s “Beautiful”: Coadaptation as a Problem in Evolutionary Aesthetics
Authors: Shaub Kiel
Published: December 2022

Where does our sense of beauty come from? Traditional interest in evolutionary aesthetics has proceeded by an almost exclusive focus on Darwin’s Descent of Man, which theorizes the origin of the human aesthetic sense as an instrumental feature of sexual desire. But what if the Descent only gives us half of the story? I argue that we have overlooked a key element in Darwin’s aesthetics that is more readily available in On the Origin of Species, a form of aesthetic experience he associates with “cultivated men.” Instead of an explicit scientific theory of aesthetic pleasure, the Origin provides evidence of this “cultivated” beauty as a narrative practice of aesthetic judgment with specific reference to an evolutionary phenomenon Darwin calls “coadaptation.” I conclude by addressing the demands this new evidence makes on any valid understanding of evolutionary aesthetics and suggest a preliminary model of aesthetic education that could facilitate collaborative dialogue in an increasingly recalcitrant two-cultures debate.
Disposing of Art and Educating Theory Choice
Authors: Fenner David
Published: December 2022

This paper considers the way that disposal of art—that is, removing it from one’s ownership or guardianship—might rightly be pursued. It is also about what appropriate disposal of art may mean for theories of the value of art. Students of art and aesthetics benefit from such tests as they determine which of the various theories of artistic value have lasting merit. Disposing of art is a particularly good test for educating theory choice as it is pragmatic; it is the equivalent of determining the quality of a theory of normative ethics by looking at its practical implications.
Art Clusters: The Importance of Similarities in Aesthetic Research and Education
Authors: Meskin Aaron
Published: December 2022

In his presidential address, at the fiftieth anniversary of the American Society of Aesthetics in 1992, Peter Kivy suggested that “progress in the philosophy of art in the immediate future is to be made not by theorizing in the grand manner, but by careful and imaginative philosophical scrutiny of the individual arts and their individual problems.” The study of the individual arts, and the differences between them, has, in the ensuing decades, provided a useful corrective to aesthetic theorizing in the grand manner. In this essay, I urge philosophers of art, art educators, and art theorists to consider a different option—the rigorous and creative investigation of art clusters: that is, various collections of artworks and art kinds, unified by significant similarities and cutting across the recognized artforms and genres.
Irrational Power: Jack Johnson, Prizefighting Films, and Documentary Affect
Authors: Vogan Travis
Published: December 2022

Though prizefighting films provoked contention in late nineteenth- and early twentieth-century America, they were legal and exhibited in places where the sport itself was prohibited. The insertion of Jack Johnson’s black body into the previously white-dominated context of prizefighting films increased significantly the controversy these texts elicited. Discourses surrounding fight films cast Johnson as an exceptionally excessive signifier who so amplified the nonfiction film image’s affectivity that films featuring him necessitated containment. While federal legislation eventually suppressed the circulation of prizefighting films, representations of Johnson’s fights in different media forms were produced and distributed without problem. Combining the discourses calling for the containment of films that displayed Johnson’s 1910 victory against “white hope” Jim Jeffries with an examination of unproblematic representations of the same fight, this essay considers the relationship among prizefighting films’ presumed affectivity, the content they displayed, and their form during this moment in American sport history.