bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Recovery of probiotic bacteria from the intestinal tract of broilers after noninvasive pre-hatch application
Authors: Thøfner I. , Sandvang D. , Aagaard K. , Poulsen L. Ladefoged
Published: August 2021

This paper reports the success of intestinal colonisation of chickens and foetuses by probiotics after different methods of pre-hatch application. Hatcheries not using in ovo injection of probiotics or wish to avoid the reduced hatchability associated with in ovo injections prefer using alternatives to in ovo technologies. Therefore, we used noninvasive pre-hatch application methods. This included the vertical transmission of probiotics from the mother hen to offspring, application of probiotic late in incubation and transmission of probiotics during hatch. Enterococcus faecium (NCIMB11181) and Lactobacillus animalis (DSM33570) were used as probiotics. Probiotics were applied either through drinking water for the mother hens, by dipping the eggs in a probiotic solution on days 16-18 of incubation or through drops/spray on the eggshell of the fertilised eggs. Similarly, intestinal colonisation of the probiotic in chickens was investigated either before hatch (pre-hatch) or immediately after hatch (post-hatch). Based on the performed experiments, it is concluded that E. faecium was vertically transmitted from the mother hen to the offspring, as E. faecium was recovered in 20 and 33% of the offspring pre- and post-hatch, respectively. When applied on the eggshell, the recovery of E. faecium before hatch depended on the application method and ranged from 0 to 9%. In contrast, L. animalis was not recovered before hatch. Moreover, when sampling post-hatch 100% of the chickens were colonised when E. faecium was used and 54% were colonised when L. animalis was used. Furthermore, spray application with E. faecium was the most successful application method as 9% of the foetuses were colonised pre-hatch and 100% became colonised post-hatch. Therefore, pre-hatch application by, for example, spray of probiotics on the eggshell can be used as an easy-to-use, noninvasive method for early life colonisation of chicken gut.
Breast biomechanics, exercise induced breast pain (mastalgia), breast support condition and its impact on riding position in female equestrians
Authors: Cameron L.J. , Burbage J. , Lewis V. , Dumbell L. , Billingsley E. , Young K. , King-Urbin C. , Goater F.
Published: August 2021

Breast biomechanics, exercise-induced breast pain (EIBP) and performance effects in female athletes are established. Wearing sports bras during exercise reduces breast movement and EIBP. Despite the prevalence of female equestrians, little investigation of breast movement during horse riding exists, yet excessive breast movement, embarrassment and EIBP are reported. Breast movement relative to the torso is linked to EIBP, associated with magnitude and direction of forces generated. Equestrians may experience novel breast and upper-body movement patterns in response to large vertical excursions of the horse. This study aimed to establish relative vertical breast displacement (RVBD), EIBP and positional changes in three support conditions: ‘no support’, ‘low support’ and ‘high support’. Thirty-eight female equestrians rode a Racewood™ Equine Simulator in each breast support condition in medium walk, medium trot (sitting) and medium canter. Trials were filmed and analysed using Quintic® Biomechanics V29. Significant reductions in RVBD (P<0.001) and EIBP (P<0.001) were identified with increased breast support in all gaits. In medium trot (sitting) a significant reduction in range of movement (ROM) of shoulder-elbow-wrist (P<0.001) was seen from low to high support. ROM of torso-vertical angles were reduced from no support to low support (P<0.001) and further by high support (P<0.001). This reduction in ROM was significantly greater in large breasted riders (cup size DD-FF) (n=21) (P<0.001) compared to small breasted (cup size AA-D) (n=17). These results suggest that appropriate breast support positively impacts EIBP and riding position in female riders possibly enhancing performance. As RVBD and reported EIBP were not wholly comparative with results in female runners, further research is warranted to establish breast movement in equestrianism in three dimensions.
Advancing edible insects as food and feed in a circular economy
Authors: van Huis A. , Rumpold B.A. , van der Fels-Klerx H.J. , Tomberlin J.K.
Published: August 2021

An overview is given of the special issue on edible insects covering a number of aspects along the value change. The articles presented cover topics about producing insects both as food for humans and feed for animals, ranging from environmental impact, facility design, (left-over) substrates, the role of microbes, genetics, diseases, nutrition, to insect welfare. Possible health benefits of insects for humans and animals are discussed as well as the potential dangers in terms of allergies and chemical/biological contaminants. Regulatory frameworks are examined and assessed for remaining obstacles. The technologies dealing with the processing and extraction of proteins, lipids, and chitin were also reviewed. Consumers’ perception of insect-derived food products is discussed as well. A unique aspect of this special issue within the ‘Journal of Insects as Food and Feed’ is a first attempt to discuss the economics of the industry. The special issue concludes with a discussion of policy and challenges facing the sector.
Asset allocation for a DC pension plan with learning about stock return predictability
Authors: Wang Pei , Zhang Ling , Li Zhongfei
Published: August 2021

This paper investigates an optimal investment problem for a defined contribution pension plan member who receives a stochastic salary, and considers inflation risk and stock return predictability. The member aims to maximize the expected power utility from her terminal real wealth by investing her pension account wealth in a financial market consisting of a risk-free asset, an inflation-indexed bond and a stock. The expected excess return on the stock can be predicted by both an observable predictor and an unobservable predictor, and the member has to estimate the unobservable predictor by learning the history information. By using the filtering techniques and dynamic programming approach, the closed-form optimal investment strategy and the corresponding value function are derived. Finally, with the help of numerical analysis, we explore the impact of model parameters on the optimal investment strategy, and analyze the welfare benefits from leaning and using inflation-indexed bond to hedge the stock return predictors.
Weighted generalized Quasi Lindley distribution: Different methods of estimation, applications for Covid-19 and engineering data
Authors: Benchiha SidAhmed ,   Department of Mathematics, University of Jordan Amman, Jordan, Al-Omari Amer Ibrahim , Alotaibi Naif , Shrahili Mansour ,   Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Al al-Bayt University Mafraq, Jordan,   Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia,   Department of Statistics and Operations Research, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
Published: August 2021

Recently, a new lifetime distribution known as a generalized Quasi Lindley distribution (GQLD) is suggested. In this paper, we modified the GQLD and suggested a two parameters lifetime distribution called as a weighted generalized Quasi Lindley distribution (WGQLD). The main mathematical properties of the WGQLD including the moments, coefficient of variation, coefficient of skewness, coefficient of kurtosis, stochastic ordering, median deviation, harmonic mean, and reliability functions are derived. The model parameters are estimated by using the ordinary least squares, weighted least squares, maximum likelihood, maximum product of spacing's, Anderson-Darling and Cramer-von-Mises methods. The performances of the proposed estimators are compared based on numerical calculations for various values of the distribution parameters and sample sizes in terms of the mean squared error (MSE) and estimated values (Es). To demonstrate the applicability of the new model, four applications of various real data sets consist of the infected cases in Covid-19 in Algeria and Saudi Arabia, carbon fibers and rain fall are analyzed for illustration. It turns out that the WGQLD is empirically better than the other competing distributions considered in this study.
Theoretical and numerical stability results for a viscoelastic swelling porous-elastic system with past history
Authors: Al-Mahdi Adel M. ,   The Preparatory Year Program, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia, Al-Gharabli Mohammad M. , Alahyane Mohamed ,   The Interdisciplinary Research Center in Construction and Building Materials, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia,   Department of Mathematics, RISE, University of Sharjah, P.O. Box 27272, Sharjah, UAE
Published: August 2021

The purpose of this paper is to establish a general stability result for a one-dimensional linear swelling porous-elastic system with past history, irrespective of the wave speeds of the system. First, we establish an explicit and general decay result under a wider class of the relaxation (kernel) functions. The kernel in our memory term is more general and of a broader class. Further, we get a better decay rate without imposing some assumptions on the boundedness of the history data considered in many earlier results in the literature. We also perform several numerical tests to illustrate our theoretical results. Our output extends and improves some of the available results on swelling porous media in the literature.
Modeling of an irrigation system in a virtual physical space
Authors: Glushkova Todorka ,   Plovdiv University "Paisii Hilendarski", Plovdiv 4000, Bulgaria, Stoyanov Stanimir , Doukovska Lyubka , Todorov Jordan , Stoyanov Ivan ,   Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Institute of Information and Communication Technologies, Sofia 1113, Bulgaria
Published: August 2021

One of the major challenges that smart agriculture is expected to address is the efficient use of water resources. The conservation and the efficient use of clean water is a long-term strategy worldwide. Modeling of smart agriculture systems is an important factor because the processes there are very slow and sometimes it takes a year or more for a full crop cycle. At the same time, a large amount of data is usually needed to make informed decisions. This determines the importance of developing appropriate systems through which to simulate, generate, optimize and analyze various possible scenarios and prepare appropriate plans. In this paper, an infrastructure known as Virtual-Physical Space adapted for agriculture is presented. The space supports integration of the virtual and physical worlds where analysis and decision making are done in the virtual environment and the state of the physical objects (things) of interest is also taken into account at the same time. Special attention is paid to the possibilities for modeling an irrigation system. An ambient-oriented approach has been adopted, using the Calculus of Context-aware Ambients formalism as the basic tool for modeling agriculture processes. Furthermore, the supporting platform is briefly presented. Active components of the platform are implemented as intelligent agents known as assistants. Users (agriculture operators) are serviced by personal assistants. Currently, the presented modeling system is deployed over a two layered system infrastructure in the region of Plovdiv city. Plovdiv is the center of vegetable production in Bulgaria. The process of modeling intelligent irrigation systems and the current results are discussed in this paper.
Review of Methods to Reduce Energy Consumption in A Smart City Based On IoT and 5G Technology
Authors: Sánchez-Cano Julieta Evangelina , Garcia-Quilachamin Washington Xavier , Pérez-Véliz Jonny , Herrera-Tapia Jorge , Atiencia-Fuentes Kelvin
Published: August 2021

The evolution of the technology 5G has influenced the Internet of the Things (IoT) according to the wireless communications of minor latency, and major speed compared to the existing technologies. Consequently, from the 21st century, 5G will act as the spinal column of the IoT and will level the way for the design and deployment of a Smart City, nevertheless, this progress has a negative point which is demonstrated in the energy consumption. The target of this investigation is to announce methods to reduce the consumption of energy in one Smart City based on the IoT and the technology 5G. The results obtained in this investigation allow determining that 5G and the IoT will have a major energy consumption with about 80 % of the entire potency, due to the transmission and reception of a big quantity of information in a Smart City. Likewise, this research, contributes to the knowledge, presenting a review of methods that allow minimizing energy consumption and projects that improve energy efficiency.
A Review on Parameters of Internet Gateway Discovery in MANETS
Authors: Osman Husna , Ebedon Mufind Mukaz , Saad Amna
Published: August 2021

Mobile ad hoc Networks researchers need to apply specific parameters in the simulation tools chosen to analyze and discuss their results. The challenge faced by multiple authors is on how to decide on the choice of particular parameters. A wrong choice could lead to a no credible result and a doubtful result by other researchers. A best practice is to follow what other authors are using as input parameters in their paper. This review analyses 72 proceeding papers and articles in different digital libraries: google scholar, IEEE Xplore, Elsevier, Springer, and snowball from 2010-2020. We present the result of our survey in this paper. We recommend the input parameters research should use base on the high utilization. Our review will also help the community in MANET and Internet gateway to improve the credibility of the input parameters.
Visual Health and its Relationship with Screen Time among School Children: A Cross-Sectional Study in Sarawak, Malaysia
Authors: Leng Ting Siew , Saimon Rosalia , Rahman Md Mizanur , Safii Razitasham bt , Lian Ho Siat , John Nancy , Thai Lim Lik , Arsad Nazirin bin
Published: August 2021

Objective: This study intended to determine visual health of the school children and investigate its relationship with screen time. Methods: This was a school-based cross-sectional study using multistage cluster sampling. A self-reported and interviewer-administered questionnaire were used to compile screen time information. Children presenting visual acuity was evaluated with Snellen chart and non-cycloplegic refraction was performed to those acuities worse than 6/12. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 22. A p-value ≤0.05 with 95% CI was considered as statistically significant. Results: About 87% children had normal or near normal visual acuity and 13% had visual impairment. The prevalence of refractive error was 22.8%.  Astigmatism was the most prevailing type of refractive error, 10%. The children spent on average of 13.82 hours per week on screen time. Television is the most popular electronic devices. Boy spent more time on gaming consoles than girl. There was no statistically significant relationship between refractive error and screen time (p=0.581). Conclusion: The prevalence of refractive error among school children was 23%. The children spent nearly 14 hours per week on screen time. There was no statistically significant relationship between refractive error and screen time. Periodical children vision screening is paramount for early detection of vision impairment and provide possible intervention.
Cutting Edge: CD36 Mediates Phagocyte Tropism and Avirulence of Toxoplasma gondii
Authors: Zhao Yanlin , Reyes Jojo , Rovira-Diaz Eliezer , Fox Barbara A , Bzik David J , Yap George S
Published: August 2021

Resistance and tolerance are vital for survivability of the host–pathogen relationship. Virulence during Toxoplasma infection in mice is mediated by parasite kinase–dependent antagonism of IFN-γ–induced host resistance. Whether avirulence requires expression of parasite factors that induce host tolerance mechanisms or is a default status reflecting the absence of resistance-interfering factors is not known. In this study, we present evidence that avirulence in Toxoplasma requires parasite engagement of the scavenger receptor CD36. CD36 promotes macrophage tropism but is dispensable for the development of resistance mechanisms. Instead CD36 is critical for re-establishing tissue homeostasis and survival following the acute phase of infection. The CD36-binding capacity of T. gondii strains is negatively controlled by the virulence factor, ROP18. Thus, the absence of resistance-interfering virulence factors and the presence of tolerance-inducing avirulence factors are both required for long-term host–pathogen survival.
The Influence of Education and Environment on Patient-Reported Outcome Use in Athletic Training Clinical Practice
Authors: Howard Jennifer S. , Hoch Johanna M. , Tinsley Jennifer , Sciascia Aaron
Published: August 2021

Context

There have been multiple education reforms aimed at incorporating patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) into routine clinical care. However, many factors can impact PROM use, including employment setting/policies or access to literature.

Objective

To explore the influence of educational background and employment setting/policies on athletic trainer (AT) attitudes and practices related to PROM use in the secondary and collegiate settings.

Design

Cross-sectional survey.

Setting

Secondary schools; National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I, II, and III; National Association of Intercollegiate Athletics; and junior colleges.

Patients or Other Participants

Five hundred and seven ATs working in secondary and collegiate settings.

Data Collection and Analysis

An established scale evaluating attitudes toward PROMs was distributed to a purposeful sample of 4000 ATs. Also included were questions concerning use of PROMs, employer policies related to PROMs, access to non–National Athletic Trainers' Association (NATA) journals, and educational background. Scores on each scale were compared based on educational background, employment setting/policies, and access to non-NATA scientific journals using Kruskal-Wallis tests with a Bonferroni correction. Frequency of PROM use was evaluated using chi-square tests (α = .05).

Results

PROMs were viewed positively across all participants, with more positive attitudes toward PROMs observed among those with clinical doctorates (P = .029) compared to those with master's or bachelor's degrees and by those with an athletic training-–related postprofessional master's degree (P = .030) compared to a non–athletic training master's degree. There were no differences in attitudes based on timing of professional degree completion. There were no differences in the usage of PROMs based on educational background or employment setting, with only 10% of respondents reporting routine PROM use. However, access to non-NATA scientific journals (P = .016) and employer policies related to the use of PROMs were associated with increased use of PROMs (P < .001).

Conclusion

Educational reforms have enhanced the attitudes of practicing ATs toward PROMs; however, environmental facilitators, such as expanded access to scientific literature and policies regarding the use of PROMs, are necessary to increase the use of PROMs.
1990 Conference on Stresses in Underground Structures
Authors: Herget G
Published: August 2021

This report provides budget information, attendance figures and an appendix with copies of printed information for the organization of the conference on Stress in Underground Structures, October 2-4, 1990, Ottawa.
Fast determination of radon progeny concentrations
Authors: Bigu J , Edwardson E
Published: August 2021

A technical evaluation of four 222Rn progeny measuring instruments has been conducted. The evaluation has been carried out under laboratory controlled conditions and at several locations in an underground uranium mine. The laboratory evaluation consisted of a
thorough study of the behaviour and performance of the instruments under a wide variety of environmental conditions such as 222Rn gas concentration, 222Rn progeny concentration, temperature, relative humidity, aerosol concentration, and gamma-field exposure. The four instruments tested were the
Pylon WL-1000C, the MDA IWLM-811, the MIMIL IIM, and the EDA WLM-30. The readings of the instruments were compared with a widely accepted 222 -m n progeny concentration measuring method, namely, the Thomas-Tsivoglou method. Two variables affected two instruments significantly, namely, under high
aerosol concentration conditions, one of the instruments (EDA WLM-30) ceased to operate because of filter loading. The other variable was gamma-field exposure which affected another instrument (MDA-811) adversely. The instruments were rated according to several criteria. The overall best performer
was the MIMIL IIM, although other instruments also fared quite well under a variety of experimental conditions.
An unusual presentation of chronic lymphocytic leukemia
Authors: Atwal Dinesh , Raval Mihir , Firwana Belal , Ramos Jeanette , Sasapu Appalanaidu
Published: August 2021

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma (CLL/SLL) is a B-cell lymphocytic neoplasm with indolent clinical course. If identified early, observation is opted. Many variables lead to the initiation of treatment. Authors describe a 62-year-old male presenting with shortness of breath and found to have white cell count of 1360 × 109/L and subsequently was diagnosed with CLL/SLL. The patient received leukapheresis along with tumor lysis treatment and systemic chemotherapy with fludarabine, cyclophosphamide, and rituximab regimen. His course was complicated with deep venous thrombosis, extensive cutaneous, and sinus mucosa involvement by CLL/SLL. The patient clinically improved and on follow-up clinic visits documented normalization of his white cell counts. The case report brings up a rare presentation of CLL/SLL with such an extreme high white cell count, leukostasis symptoms and extramedullary involvement of disease and encourages providers to be vigilant of rare presentation of CLL/SLL.
Avalanches in cardiology
Authors: Subramanyan Raghavan
Published: August 2021

Sudden cardiac death (SCD) accounts for 15%–60% of mortality in patients with heart disease. Generally, this has been attributed to ventricular tachyarrhythmia. However, ventricular tachyarrhythmia has been documented or strongly suspected on clinical grounds in a relatively small proportion of SCD patients (8%–50%). Attempted prophylaxis of SCD by implantation of cardioverter-defibrillator is associated with variable success in different subsets of high-risk cardiac patients (30%–70%). A significant number of SCD, therefore, appear to be due to catastrophic circulatory failure. Multiple interdependent compensatory mechanisms help to maintain circulation in advanced cardiac disease. Rapid, unexpected, and massive breakdown of the compensated state can be precipitated by small and often imperceptible triggers. The initial critical but stable state followed by rapid circulatory failure and death has been considered to be analogous to snow avalanches. It is typically described in patients with left ventricular (LV) dysfunction (ischemic or nonischemic). It is now recognized that SCD can also happen in conditions where the right ventricle (RV) takes the brunt of the hemodynamic load. Advanced pulmonary arterial hypertension and operated patients of tetralogy of Fallot with pulmonary regurgitation are of particular interest to pediatric cardiologists. A large amount of data is available on LV changes and mechanics, while relatively little information is available on the mechanisms of RV adaptation to increased load and RV failure. Whether the triggers and the decompensatory processes are similar for the two ventricles is a moot point. This article highlights the currently available knowledge on the pathophysiology of SCD in RV overload states, with special reference to RV adaptive and decompensatory mechanisms, and therapeutic measures that can potentially interrupt the vicious downward course (cardiac avalanches).
Efficacy of Indukanta ghritam in the management of Jirna urdhwaga amlapitta
Authors: Aggarwal Punam , Shinsha P , Huddar Vitthal G. , Prajapati Pradeep Kumar
Published: August 2021

Amlapitta (~hyperacidity) is a disease of Annavaha srotas (~gastrointestinal tract) that originates from Amasaya (~stomach). Mandagni (~low digestive fire) plays an important role in its manifestation. The disease is easy to treat in its early stage while difficult to manage in chronic stage. It can cause various complications if not treated early. The disease has close resemblance with acid peptic disorder or hyperacidity. Various treatment modalities are available in conventional medical science, but they have certain limitations. In Ayurveda, various herbs, minerals, and their compound formulations have been mentioned in its management, and Indukanta ghritam is one among such formulations. In the present case report, a 17-year-old female with complaints of Amlodgara (~sour belching), Hritkanthadaha (~burning sensation in throat and chest), Utklesha (~nausea) and Chardi (~vomiting), Avipaka (~indigestion), Shiroruja (~headache), and Vibandha (~constipation) visited outpatient department. The condition was diagnosed as Jirna urdhwaga amlapitta. Indukanta ghritam and wholesome dietary regimen were given to the patient for 28 days. The results suggested that the patient was benefited in all symptoms within 28 days. However, the Shamana therapy was continued for 50 days. The patient, after two months of follow-up, presented without any complications.
Ayurvedic management to aid weaning of anti-depressants
Authors: Akshatha S. , Shetty Suhas Kumar
Published: August 2021

Depression has become a common psychiatric disorder affecting people of middle-aged group, especially due to their psychosocial issues. Although there are many Allopathic medicines available for its management but these are not free from their adverse/side effects. So people are now looking for alternative medicines to avoid adverse effect of chemical medications. A combined approach of various traditional treatment principles along with psychotherapy will help to overcome the stressors. A 45-year-old male patient, agriculture officer by profession, was admitted to the inpatient department for reducing the dose of antidepressants [sertraline (200 mg) and agomelatine (50 mg)] which he was taking for the last three years. The patient complained of sleeplessness or difficulty in maintaining sleep, loss of appetite, lack of interest in doing daily activities, racing of negative thoughts, and at times experiencing irrational fear. Based on signs and symptoms and Dosha vitiation that is Vata and Kapha, the case was diagnosed as Vishada (~major depressive disorder) with mild features of Chittodvega (~anxiety). On admission, the treatment protocol included Snehapana (~internal oleation) followed by Virechana (~therapeutic purgation), Satvavajaya chikitsa (~psychotherapy), and Shamana aushadhi (~palliative treatment). After the course of treatment, there was considerable improvement such as involving in daily activities, reduced negative thoughts, and improvement in sleep with the reduction in Hamilton's Depression Rating Scale score from 12 to 3. The dosage of antidepressants was tapered after one month of follow-up.
Ayurvedic management of co-infection of Herpes zoster ophthalmicus in COVID-19 patient
Authors: Priyadarshini Shantala T. R. , Remitha K. K. , Priyanka S.
Published: August 2021

COVID-19 patients have cutaneous manifestations such as herpes zoster, urticaria, chilblains, purpura, livedo racemosa, chickenpox-like eruptions in very small percentage. However, the major focus is on pulmonary and cardiac symptoms as it leads to increased mortality. Globally, many cases of herpes zoster as coinfection of COVID-19 are observed. Here, a 65-year-old female with Herpes Zoster Ophthalmicus (HZO) managed by Ayurveda stand-alone treatment is reported. She tested RT-PCR (Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction) positive, had mild COVID-19 symptoms, and preferred home isolation and Ayurveda treatment. The patient was monitored twice daily through teleconference (zoom/video calls), photographs of the condition were procured, and guidance was sent in return. Initially, the patient complained of fever, pain, and burning sensation in scalp, left ear, and eye with left periorbital swelling. Once the fever subsided, the patient developed vomiting and loose stools as COVID-19 symptoms. There was complete relief from all the symptoms in four weeks, and the medicines for the postherpetic lesions were continued for another week. Treatment of herpes coinfection in COVID-19 under home isolation is in itself a challenge requiring leech application. However, the case was managed with Ayurveda oral medications and topical therapies such as Seka and Bidalaka to achieve relief from pain, burning sensation, and swelling. The drugs and therapies used in the above case assisted increasing circulation relieving pain thereby, assuring good sleep and faster respite from all symptoms. This case is reported to add to clinical literature and to showcase the importance of local therapies and teleconsultation in condition like HZO associated with COVID-19.
Spontaneous Regression of Chronic Epstein –Barr Virus Infection-Related Lymphoproliferative Disease
Authors: Kumari Bharti , Rao Akshata , Subramanian Manicka Saravanan , Dey Aparajit Ballav
Published: August 2021

Chronic active Epstein–Barr virus infection (CAEBV) is relatively uncommon and can be associated with lymphoproliferative diseases (LPD's) of NK/T cell and B cell type. In the western world, the disease is less common, while it is found to be more prevalent in the East Asian, South, and Central American population. The presentation widely varies from skin rashes, fever, lymphadenopathy to major organ involvement and usually takes a fulminant course. Here, we describe a 70-year-old Indian male, who was diagnosed as CAEBV-related LPD with spontaneous regression with a brief review of the literature.
Resin Infiltration Technique
Authors: Chari Deepika N , Dave Bhavna H , Shah Paridhi S
Published: August 2021

An incomplete/defective formation of organic enamel matrix of teeth leads to enamel hypoplasia. Such spots are prone to caries and provoke plaque accumulation. This can involve color alternation which can be of major esthetic concern. Although complete color making might not be achieved, resin Infiltration CONcept (ICON) has few benefits over other methods of being noninvasive, does not require anesthesia, and the procedure can be performed in a single sitting. This paper along with a case has a brief literature review of ICON (resin infiltration technique).
Influence of Intestinal Helminth Burden on Clinical Manifestations, Therapeutic Response, and Leishmania braziliensis Load in Patients with New World Cutaneous Leishmaniasis
Authors: Page Brady , Lago Alex , Silva Juliana Almeida , Schriefer Albert , Lago Jamile , Oliveira Lívia , Guimarães Luiz Henrique , Glesby Marshall , Carvalho Edgar M.
Published: August 2021

Leishmania braziliensis is the most important cause of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) in the Americas. A Th1-type immune response is required to control Leishmania infection, but an exaggerated inflammatory response leads to the development of ulcers seen in CL. Infection with intestinal helminths has the potential to inhibit the Th1 response in a manner that depends both on the species of helminth present as well as the burden of helminthiasis. We conducted a prospective cohort study of CL patients from an endemic area between January and December 2017 with either negative or high intestinal helminth burden to characterize relationships between helminth burden, L. braziliensis quantification within CL lesions, clinical aspects of CL, and therapeutic response. Of 234 participants with leishmaniasis who underwent stool examination at the time of diagnosis, 45% had detectable helminth infection. The overall cure rate after 90 days was 66%, with a median time to resolution of disease of 40 days (interquartile range: 30–65 days). There was no significant association between the type of helminth infection or the magnitude of intestinal helminth burden at the time of diagnosis and L. braziliensis genomic DNA (gDNA) detected in biopsies from CL lesions. Likewise, there was no association between helminth burden and response to treatment after 90 days. Considering quantification of parasite DNA in CL lesions, participants who were cured at 90 days had a median of 0.017 ng/mg gDNA, and participants who failed therapy had a median of 0.091 ng/mg gDNA (P = 0.03). The results indicate that cutaneous Leishmania load may influence therapeutic response in CL.
Numerical Groundwater Flow Modeling of Dijil River Catchment, Debre Markos Area, Ethiopia
Authors: Ketemaw Tadesse , Hussien Abdelwassie , Woldemariyam Tesema Fethangest , Abadi Berhe Berihu
Published: August 2021

Dijil River catchment is a sub-catchment of the Abay drainage basin and covers 138.28 km2. This paper presents numerical groundwater flow modeling at steady-state conditions, in a single-layer aquifer system under different stress or scenarios. A numerical groundwater flow models represent the simplification of complex natural systems, different parameters were assembled into a conceptual model to represent the complex natural system in a simplified form. The conceptual model was input into the numeric model to examine the system response. Based on geologic and hydrogeological information, confined subsurface flow condition was considered and simulated using MODFLOW 2000. The model calibration accounts matching of 24 observation points with the simulated head with a permissible residual head of ±10m. The sensitivity of the major parameters of the model was identified during the calibration process. According to the simulated water budget in the model, the simulated inflow is found to be 1.2791870E+05 m3/day which is nearly equal to the simulated outflow of 1.2791755E+05 m3/day with the difference being only 1.1484375E+00 m3/day. Water budget analysis reveals that outflow from river leakage accounts for 92.8 % of the total outflow and 14.1 % of the total inflow comes from the river leakage in the study area. Three scenarios of increased withdrawals and one scenario of altered recharge were used to study the system response. Accordingly, an increase in well withdrawal in scenario-I (existing wells pump simultaneously), scenario-II (existing drilled wells yield withdrawal increased by 30%), and scenario-III (additional eight wells having expected yield of 30 l/s drill and pump) resulted in an average decline of the steady-state water level by 1.06m, 1.68m, and 4.46m, respectively. They also caused the steady-state stream leakage to be reduced by about 2.93%, 4.58%, and 11.23%, and subsurface outflow by 9.41%, 14.67%, and 37.86%, respectively. A decrease in recharge by 25% and 50% results in a decrease of the head by 6.1m and 13.4m respectively, and a stream leakage decrease by 20.3%, and 40.3% respectively as compared to the simulated steady-state value. Therefore, adequate groundwater level monitoring wells should be placed in the catchment to control the total abstraction rates from the aquifer and fluctuations in groundwater levels.
Optimum Open Pit Design for Kenticha Tantalite Mine, Southern Ethiopia
Authors: Haile Weldegebrial , Konka Bheemalingeswara
Published: August 2021

The mining sector’s share in Ethiopia’s economy is gradually increasing. Among metallic mines, Legadembi for gold and Kenticha for tantalum are the main contributors. At Kenticha, the Ethiopian Mineral Development Share Company is producing tantalite concentrate of 40-60% grade by open pit mining. The mine area is comprised of the rocks of Neoproterozoic age, pegmatite, granite, serpentinite, and talc-chlorite schist. The ore-bearing pegmatite intruding the basement serpentinite, and talc schist rocks, is asymmetric, N-S trending, and locally affected by fractures and local faults. Mining, at present, is being done using conventional methods not by developing benches. An optimum open pit design is developed and its impact on the run of mine is evaluated based on the field data, technical mine report data, borehole data, tonnage data, grade data, and mine survey. The suggested design has taken into account the mine drainage, bench design, haul road design, and mine waste dump design. Also keeping in view the future mining and production requirements. The suggested open pit mine design can minimize the dilution and improve the ore recovery.
Art? Science? .... Alchemy: The materiality of spiritual expression in artistic creation revealed through the analytical techniques of a heritage conservator
Authors: Loubser Maggi , le Roux Salome
Published: August 2021

To the uninitiated, it is quite probable that the results that art conservators derive from analytical techniques, may resemble alchemy, but they do not create gold from lead. Instead, they represent the composition of an object as its chemical components. X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (XRF) has long been used for the compositional determination of minerals and metals in the mining and manufacturing industries, and over the past few years the applications in art and conservation increased rapidly. In addition, technical photography (in which filtering determines which wavelengths of light reach the camera) has the ability to create a new art form – one that, apart from being visually appealing, can provide information on the materials which had been used by the artist. In this manner, a whole new layer of information may be revealed, adding to the aesthetic and spiritual impact of the work. In this article, two objects of African art, namely a century-old prayer scroll from Ethiopia and a twodecades old sculpture by South African artist Lucky Sibiya, are investigated to see if this ‘alchemy’ can reveal that which even the artists were unaware of.
Citizenship Notions in Mathematics Textbooks to Countryside Primary School in Brazil
Authors: Neto Vanessa Franco , Guida Angela
Published: August 2021

In this paper we analyzed the Brazilian National Textbook Program that has evaluated and distributed mathematics textbooks for the countryside population in Brazil. From a Foucaultian perspective, textbooks are conceived as a powerful technology for governing population. Through a discourse analysis, statements regarding citizenship notions that circulate in these materials were interrogated. From the data analyses, we could find 182 excerpts that has showed us these citizenship notions in the countryside context. We have worked with three statements: Community and collective notions in countryside context, Awareness of individual and collective health, Environmental one setting everybody as a responsible character. As the result, we could conclude that the mathematics skills are showed as a way to manage efficiently these required practices, those that enable the individual responsibilities.
Paulo Freire e Educação Matemática: Inspirações e Sinergias com a Modelagem Matemática
Authors: Malheiros Ana Paula dos Santos , Forner Régis , Souza Lahis Braga
Published: August 2021

A obra de Paulo Freire tem nos inspirado e temos concentrado nossas pesquisas na investigação de possíveis relações entre temas presentes no seu legado e nossas concepções e práticas no que tange à Educação Matemática. Neste sentido, propomos, neste artigo de cunho teórico e pautado no paradigma qualitativo, a partir do entendimento de Freire sobre utopia, situações-limite, inédito-viável, educação bancária, diálogo, autonomia, investigação, práxis, inacabamento e formação permanente, abordar questões relacionadas à nossa visão de Educação Matemática, relacionando-a com a Modelagem, área na qual nossas pesquisas se dão. Dessa forma, pretendemos apresentar possíveis sinergias entre o legado freireano e a Modelagem, além de discutir as inspirações que a obra do autor pode trazer para ressignificá-la. Buscamos, com este artigo, vista a atualidade e urgência da obra de Paulo Freire, pontuar, além das suas contribuições para a Educação, questões particulares que favoreçam possíveis encaminhamentos práticos e teóricos em relação à Modelagem, e por consequência, a alguns aspectos da Educação Matemática.
O que Torna uma Matemática Digna de Ocupar Lugar em um Currículo de Licenciatura em Matemática?
Authors: Clareto Sônia Maria , Rotondo Margareth Aparecida Sacramento
Published: August 2021

No âmbito da formação matemática, o que você considera imprescindível em um curso de licenciatura?... Imprescindível: aquilo que não se pode prescindir, renunciar, dispensar. Que matemática não se pode renunciar ou dispensar em um curso de licenciatura em matemática? Uma desdobra: o que torna uma matemática digna de ocupar lugar em um currículo de licenciatura em matemática? Um movente: a sala de aula de matemática. Uma afirmação: a matemática que acontece na sala de aula de matemática é imprescindível em um curso de licenciatura em matemática. Um percurso histórico, um saber acumulado, uma tradição, conhecimento matemático tornados acontecimento em experimentações na e com a sala de aula: que matemática acontece? Que formação acontece? Fazer estranhar uma matemática que se faz imprescindível e dela fazer outras matemáticas imprescindíveis serem inventadas. Como uma matemática se torna imprescindível? Que poderes a sustentam? Que saberes alimentam? Que verdades a alicerçam? Que linguagem a produz?
O idadismo no contexto da pandemia da Covid-19
Authors: Moratelli Valmir
Published: August 2021

Este artigo faz uma análise sobre o preconceito etário no Brasil, a partir do panorama da pandemia do novo coronavírus, que alterou circunstancialmente a rotina do país logo após o carnaval de 2020. Assim, introduz-se uma interpretação sobre como as percepções construídas socialmente a respeito do idoso são atravessadas por preconceito e suscitam o ódio, reforçando distanciamentos de respeito, solidariedade e empatia. É também feito um levantamento do discurso público do presidente da República e de empresários brasileiros, que minimizaram o alerta da pandemia e contrário aos pedidos de isolamento e/ou quarentena da Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS). A interpretação de dados de recentes pesquisas econômicas ajuda a embasar a importância dos idosos como força econômica, contradizendo a ideia de improdutividade dos mesmos tão presente no pensamento neoliberal vigente. Entre as principais conclusões do trabalho, percebe-se como a pandemia escancarou as facetas de um preconceito naturalizado no país e ainda pouco debatido publicamente.
Acquiring English then Reacquiring Indonesian: A Study of Family Language Policy
Authors: Rizki Aris , Fajri Muchamad
Published: August 2021

This study investigates how family language policies are shaped and developed in five Indonesian scholars’ families who live in England. More specifically, it analyses parents’ attitudes towards children’s bilingualism and second language development focusing on the investigation of factors that can influence parental language ideologies and the patterns of language practices within the families. Data were obtained from participant observations, fieldnotes, and semi-structured interviews. All the data were then analysed using inductive analysis approaches proposed by Cohen et al. (2011) and Thomas (2006) which include reading the transcripts several times, identifying the texts related to the purpose of the study, and deciding the categories. The findings reveal that children’s ability to acquire a new language becomes the driving force behind parental language ideologies. Additionally, parental experience, children’s education, and children’s language choice also contribute to the shaping of parental language ideologies. Based on the patterns of family language practices used by participant families, our findings show that the longer they live in England, the less Indonesian they use in their families’ interaction. This can happen as the children gradually develop their language proficiency. However, evidence from this inquiry indicates that parents’ consistency in giving their children exposure to Indonesian can be the determining factor in the success of children’s bilingualism.
A 2-D Discrete Cubic Chaotic Mapping with Symmetry
Authors: Mammeri M.
Published: August 2021

In the theoretical research of chaotic dynamical system, the different type of bifurcations is a very interesting powerful tool for analyzing the qualitative behavior of chaotic dynamical system; this short paper is devoted to analysis of a simple 2-D symmetry discrete chaotic map with quadratic and cubic nonlinearities. The dynamical behaviors of the map are investigated by mathematical analysis and simulated numerically using package of Matlab . We compute numerically the bifurcation diagram and largest Lyapunov exponent and phase portraits. The research results indicate that there are interesting nonlinear physical phenomena in this simple 2-D symmetry discrete cubic map, such as symmetry bifurcation, Hopf bifurcation, symmetry breaking bifurcation and identical symmetric attractors. The important nonlinear physical phenomena obtained in this paper would benefit the study of the cubic chaotic map and the development of the theory of chaotic discrete dynamical systems.

 

En la investigación teórica de los sistemas dinámicos caóticos, los diferentes tipos de bifurcaciones son una herramienta poderosa muy interesante para analizar el comportamiento cualitativo de los sistemas dinámicos caóticos; este breve artículo está dedicado al análisis de un mapa caótico discreto de simetría bidimensional simple con no linealidades cuadráticas y cúbicas. Los comportamientos dinámicos del mapa se investigan mediante análisis matemático y se simulan numéricamente utilizando el paquete de Matlab . Calculamos numéricamente el diagrama de bifurcación y el mayor exponente de Lyapunov y los retratos de fase. Los resultados de la investigación indican que existen interesantes fenómenos físicos no lineales en este sencillo mapa cúbico discreto de simetría 2-D, como la bifurcación de simetría, la bifurcación de Hopf, la bifurcación de ruptura de simetría y los atractores simétricos idénticos. Los importantes fenómenos físicos no lineales obtenidos en este trabajo beneficiarían el estudio del mapa cúbico caótico y el desarrollo de la teoría de los sistemas dinámicos discretos caóticos.
Orcés’ Hedgehog-Lizard (Echinosaura orcesi)
Authors: Vieira Jose
Published: August 2021

This is the species account about the Orcés’ Hedgehog-Lizard (Echinosaura orcesi), a chapter in the Reptiles of Ecuador book. This account summarizes novel as well as historical information (recognition, natural history, distribution, conservation, etymology, and relevant literature) about the species and provides maps and images to facilitate identification of this reptile in the field.