Profil De Lâ€™asthmatique Admis Au Centre Hospitalier National Universitaire De Fann (CHNU) A Dakar (Senegal)
Authors: Mballo Ibrahima , Sambou Saly , Ba Boubacar Demba , Gning Abdou , Mbaye Fatimata Binetou Rassoule , Diatta Ansoumana , Niang Cheikh Ibrahima , Diop Cheikh 
Published: July 2020

Au SÃ©nÃ©gal, la prÃ©valence de lâ€™asthme nâ€™est pas encore Ã©valuÃ©e. Les caractÃ©ristiques sociodÃ©mographiques, Ã©pidÃ©miologiques et la provenance des patients asthmatiques consultÃ©s au Centre Hospitalier National Universitaire (CHNU) de Fann demeurent peu connues. Cet article contribue Ã  la connaissance du profil des patients asthmatiques admis au CHNU. Il sâ€™est agi dâ€™une Ã©tude rÃ©trospective, prospective et transversale Ã  avisÃ©e analytique associant lâ€™approche quantitative et qualitative qui sâ€™est dÃ©roulÃ©e de janvier 1999 Ã  aoÃ»t 2017 Ã  la clinique de pneumologie du CHNU. La population dâ€™Ã©tude Ã©tait constituÃ©e des asthmatiques reÃ§us en consultation. Les paramÃ¨tres analysÃ©s concernent les caractÃ©ristiques de la population Ã©tudiÃ©e (Ã¢ge, sexe, profession et statut matrimonial). Au total 296 patients asthmatiques, soit 36,5% dâ€™hommes contre 63,5% de femmes, ont Ã©tÃ© enregistrÃ©s avec un Ã¢ge mÃ©dian qui Ã©tait de 35 ans. 234 rÃ©pondants Ã  la variable catÃ©gorie socioprofessionnelle, Ã©taient composÃ©s de mÃ©nagÃ¨res (24,8%), dâ€™Ã©lÃ¨ves et dâ€™Ã©tudiants (20,1%), de commerÃ§ants (17,5%), de bureaucrates (6,8%), de personnel de santÃ© (6%) et dâ€™enseignants et de maÃ®tres coraniques (3,8%). A cela sâ€™ajoutait, des ouvriers (3,8%), des couturiers (3,4%), des coiffeurs (3%), des chauffeurs (2,6%), des agriculteurs et Ã©leveurs (2,6%), des mÃ©caniciens et garagistes (1,3%), des pÃªcheurs et marins (1,3%), des restaurateurs et restauratrices (1,3%) et dâ€™autres (1,7%). Selon le statut matrimonial, 54,3% Ã©taient des mariÃ©s, 42,7% de cÃ©libataires et 3% de divorcÃ©s. Parmi les 296 asthmatiques, 250 rÃ©sidaient en milieu urbain dakarois. Les antÃ©cÃ©dents se rÃ©sumaient sur les signes et les symptÃ´mes des patients avec de la toux (34%), de la dyspnÃ©e expiratoire nocturne (34%), des expectorations nummulaires (18%) et des crises dâ€™asthme (14%). Le profil des patients asthmatiques prÃ©sente une population jeune avec une prÃ©dominance fÃ©minine.
In Senegal, the prevalence of asthma has not yet been assessed. The socio-demographic, epidemiological and provenance characteristics of asthmatic patients consulted at the National Hospital University Center (CHNU) remain little known. This article contributes to the knowledge of the profile of asthmatic patients admitted to the CHNU. This was a retrospective, prospective and cross-sectional, analytical wise study combining the quantitative and qualitative approach which took place from January 1999 to august 2017 at the CHNU pulmonology clinic. The study of asthmatics received in consultation. The parameters analyzed relate to the characteristics of the population studied (age, sex, profession and marital status). A total of 296 asthmatic patients, or 36.5% male versus 63.5% female, were registered with a median age of 35 years. 234 respondents to the socio-professional category variable, were made up of housewives (24.8%), pupils and students (20.1%), traders (17.5%), bureaucrats (6.8%), health personnel (6%) and koranic teachers and teachers (3.8%). In addition, workers (3.8%), dressmakers (3.4%), hairdressers (3%), drivers (2.6%), farmers and ranchers (2.6%), mechanics and mechanics (1.3%), fishermen and sailors (1.3%), restaurateurs and restorers (1.3%), and others (1.7%). According to marital status, 54.3% were married, 42.7% were single and 3% were divorced. Among the 296 asthmatics, 250 resided in an urban Dakar environment. The history was summarized by the signs and symptoms of patients with cough (34%), nocturnal expiratory dyspnea (34%), sputum (18%) and asthma attacks (14%). The profile of asthmatic patients presents a young population with a female predominance.