bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Laparoscopic hepatectomy for primary hepatocellular carcinoma doesn’t affect rate of delayed recovery after anesthesia: a retrospective study
Authors: Liu Chang , Yuan Yanyun , Zhu Haoyang , He Ping
Published: October 2024

Purpose
Despite the expansion of laparoscopic approach in the treatment of liver tumors, only a few studies referred to the effects that pneumoperitoneum might be associated with delayed recovery after anesthesia. This study aimed to evaluate the two surgical procedures to see if laparoscopic hepatectomy (LH) has less effects on post-anesthesia recovery and other short-term outcomes.
Methods
We retrospectively compared the postoperative intubation time and short-term outcomes of laparoscopic hepatectomy (LH) with those of open hepatectomy (OH) for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in patients from January 2015 to December 2020. Data of patients’ baseline characteristics, intraoperative data and short-term postoperative data were collected.
Results
There were 218 and 356 patients in LH and OH groups, respectively. Factors associates with delayed anesthesia recovery included diameter of tumor (P=0.010), preoperative pulmonary function (P=0.023), preoperative ASA grade (P=0.050), area of resection (P=0.000), preoperative Child-Pugh score (P=0.006), duration of operation (P=0.000), intraoperation blood loss (P=0.000), total fluid intake (P=0.000) and intraoperative urea volume (P=0.008). LH took longer operating time, however, caused less blood loss and less infusion. Rate of postoperative complications was less than OH group, and post-operation stay was shorter.
Conclusion
Method of surgery was not one of the factors that accounts for delayed emergence. LH doesn’t prolong time of intubation and on the contrary, given its advantages of minimally invasive abdominal operation compared with open techniques, reduced time to initiation of oral diet, faster return of gastrointestinal function, and shorter hospital stay, LH is the better choice.
Dietary fibre supplementation promotes symbiotic interactions among the intestinal microbiota in preweaning calves
Authors: Lu Wentao , Yi Xia , Ge YuHan , Zhang Xinyue , Shen Kaidi , Zhuang Haohua , Deng Zhaoju , Liu Dengke , Cao Jie , Ma Chong
Published: October 2024

Dietary fiber plays a significant role in gastrointestinal health. In order to thoroughly comprehend the protective effect of dietary fiber on calf intestinal health, we conducted a randomized controlled trial with135 calves. We profiled the gut bacterial community in fecal samples from calves without diarrhea at five time points (0, 7, 14, 28, and 56 days of age) using both 16s amplicon sequencing and metagenomic sequencing. Our findings revealed significantly elevated abundance of Bifidobacterium and Prevotella in the intestine of calves fed with dietary fiber compared to the control group. Bifidobacterium and Prevotella may mitigate intestinal damage and protect intestinal health by modulating secondary bile acid metabolism and flavonoid metabolism pathways. Furthermore, CAZy differential analysis reveals that feeding different dietary fibers can induce increased abundance of CAZymes. We also found that changes in CAZymes abundance induced by feeding different dietary fibers are associated with distinct intestinal microbial communities. This suggests that feeding different dietary fibers stimulates the colonization of different bacterial species in the intestine, thereby increasing the activity of carbohydrate metabolism enzymes in the calf intestinal microbiota. This lays the foundation for health management in calves during transition period. Additionally, our research revealed that calves fed with psyllium husk powder at 56 days of age harbored intergeneric symbiotic clusters in their intestines consisting of Clostridium, Prevotella, Bacteriodes, and others. The symbiosis among these microbial species may collectively maintain intestinal micro-environment in calves. This study provides initial insights into the effect of dietary fiber on pre-weaning calf intestinal microbiota and lays theoretical groundwork for further research into this area.
Using Machine Learning Techniques to predict malaria prevalence in Rwanda
Authors: Mukeshimana Esperance , Nzabanita Joseph
Published: October 2024

Malaria is a terrible communicable disease that leads to the death of people every day throughout the world despite the effort made to eradicate it. This vector-borne disease affects Africa because of limited medical resource, lack of information and other socio-economic factors. In report of WHO 2019, there is an estimation of 228 million of malaria cases globally and in 2023 WHO reported the increase of malaria to 249 million. This increase is associated with many risk factors and those factors mitigated to eradicate malaria. This research aims to predict malaria prevalence in Rwanda. We have managed to reveal factors contribute to malaria outbreak like region, type of place of residence, district, and wealth index, protect against malaria by sleeping under a mosquito net, protect against malaria by sleeping under an ITN, protect against malaria by cutting grass around house, seen or heard any messages about malaria and person slept an ever-treated net. Those factors are associated with the malaria prevalence either positively or negatively. The logistic regression model is designed to provide future prediction offering valuable insights to mitigate the impact of malaria outbreaks. This approach will enable healthcare providers and authorities to intervene in advance by reducing the severity of malaria and allocate resources where will be mostly needed. This dissertation also provides explanation to the methodology used to develop predictive models where we used data from RDHS from 2019 to 2020 both trained dataset and tested dataset, the sample size was 5041 where we used 16 variables of interest.
Voices and Melodies of Artistic Precarity: The Unbearable Flexibility of Subjectivity in Independent Musical Work
Authors: Toval-Gajardo Mauricio , Soto-Roy Álvaro , Manríquez Fernanda , Fortes Gabriel
Published: October 2024

This article examines the precarity of independent musicians' subjectivity within flexible capitalism. Through a qualitative methodology based on in-depth interviews and dialogic discourse analysis, it explores tensions between the participants' desire to professionalize their musical careers and the economic difficulties that they face. The participants, selected upon the basis of their trajectory in independent music, reveal how they manage the financial uncertainties that force them to combine creative work with other jobs. Our main finding is that precarity is not only economic, but also existential, as musicians live in constant uncertainty about the continuity and viability of their careers, a doubt that colors the entire creative process. The pleasure of creative freedom coexists with the suffering derived from instability, and this precarity is deeply integrated into the subjectivity of musicians as an inseparable part of their identity. Despite these tensions, musicians remain committed to their careers, accepting precarity as an inevitable condition for their personal and professional fulfillment.
Glucose and Lipid-Lowering Activities of Some Bioactive Extracted Components from Herbs (Camellia Sinensis, Matricaria Chamomilla and Carum Carvi) in Streptozotocin-diabetic Rats: Intelligent Method for Herbal Medicines Production with Selected Active Ingredients
Authors: Sobhanian Seyed Ali , Ahmadi Abbas , Roghani Mehrdad , Behnam Shima , Farhadiani Nazanin , Abbasi Negin
Published: October 2024

Diabetes mellitus (DM, Type 2 diabetes) is a metabolic syndrome categorized by irregular discharge of insulin that subsequently disturbs glucose breakdown. It is the most prevalent chronic non-communicable increasing disease globally and has a great impact on human health. Many treatments have been recently proposed for this disease like insulin and medicine therapies. However, some of these treatments have shown slight efficacy practically with many side effects, thus, searching for new classes of natural and safe compounds has a global demand. Based on the many reported pharmacological effectivity of Camellia Sinensis, Matricaria Chamomilla, and Carum Carvi, evaluation of the glucose and lipid-lowering properties of some extracts of such plants by some polar and nonpolar organic and aqueous solvents in streptozotocin-diabetic mice and rats were done in the research. The results showed that some extracts of Camellia Sinensis, Matricaria Chamomilla, and Carum Carvi can properly lower serum glucose and reverse inappropriate changes regarding serum lipids including triglyceride, cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, aa well as LDL-cholesterol in diabetic experimental animals. To conclude, all of these herbal remedies with multiple bioactive components are of potential benefit in the management of diabetes mellitus.
Copper Difluorocarbene Involved Catalytic gem-Difluoropropargylation
Authors: Zhang Xingang , Zeng Xin , Sun Shi-Ping , Zhao Hai-Yang
Published: October 2024

The use of metal for catalytic difluorocarbene transfer reactions has long been hindered by the lack of understanding of metal difluorocarbene chemistry, despite the prospect of a new dimension to create novel fluorine structures for medicinal chemistry and advanced materials science. Here, we report a new mode of copper catalyzed difluorocarbene transfer reaction via 1,2-migration of copper difluorocarbene, in sharp contrast to the previous nucleophilic addition of copper difluorocarbene pathway. This innovative reaction enables the development of a modular catalytic gem-difluoropropargylation reaction using a variety of simple and widely available potassium propiolates, terminal alkynes, and allyl/propargyl electrophiles to couple difluorocarbene, opening a new avenue to precise synthesis of organofluorine compounds without tedious synthetic procedure. The impact of this protocol has been demonstrated by the efficient synthesis of complex fluorinated skeletons and the rapid synthesis of the key intermediates of pheromone derivative and PGF2a agonist. Mechanistic studies reveal that the migratory insertion of difluorocarbene into the C-Cu bond of the alkynylcopper species is involved in the reaction.
Unraveling BCR::ABL1-driven enhancer activation and transcriptional reprogramming in Ph B-ALL
Authors: Ng Han Leng , Glaser Trudy Lee , Robinson Mark E. , Cosgun Kadriye Nehir , Malysheva Valeriya , Zhu Jintao , Deniz Ozgen , Crump Nicholas T. , Helian Kaiyue , Innes Andrew J. , Sun Li , Spivakov Mikhail , Mueschen Markus , Feldhahn Niklas
Published: October 2024

B-lineage acute-lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) is driven by genomic lesions and distinct transcriptional programs. Both are often directly linked as most B-ALLs are caused by genetic lesions at transcription factor (TF)-encoding genes. TFs largely mediate their function through gene regulatory ‘enhancer’ elements and enhancer deregulation is known to promote cancer initiation and progression. Consecutively, enhancer-targeting drugs are currently in clinical trials for advanced hematologic cancers such as acute myeloid leukemia and multiple myeloma. However, for B-ALLs not driven by TF-related genetic lesions it is largely unclear how their disease-promoting transcriptional programs are established, if it involves enhancer-deregulation, and if they would be sensitive to therapeutic enhancer-targeting.
We explore this here by focusing on Philadelphia chromosome-positive (Ph+) B-ALL, the most common B-ALL in adults with historically poor prognosis. Ph+B-ALL is driven by the BCR::ABL1 kinase, which has no TF-related function. We report that malignant transformation and associated transcriptional reprogramming by BCR::ABL1 is indeed accompanied by substantial enhancer activation and using Hi-C-based methods we connect enhancers to key genes in Ph+B-ALL. Consequently, Ph+B-ALL-specific enhancer signatures differentiate Ph+B-ALL from other leukemias. We further demonstrate that BCR::ABL1-induced enhancer activation depends on its kinase activity and is executed, at least in part, through the BCR::ABL1-activated TF STAT5. Highlighting the importance of enhancers and the potential of their therapeutic targeting, enhancer inhibition through CBP/P300-specific proteolytic degraders (PROTACs) effectively kills Ph+B-ALL cells.
Fracture Patterns and Efficacy of Prophylactic Vertebroplasty in Osteoporotic Vertebral Compression Fractures: A Retrospective Single-Center Study
Authors: Su Juo-Hau , Lee Alvin Kai-Xing , Chen Yen-Jen , Chen Chien-Min , Hsiao Pang-Hsuan , Lin Chia-Yu , Chen Hsien-Te , Tseng Chun
Published: October 2024

Background: The concept of prophylactic vertebroplasty (PrVP) has been proposed to prevent recurrent fractures after vertebroplasty (VP); however, its efficacy remains controversial. The purpose of this study was to analyze fracture patterns and evaluate the effectiveness of PrVP in reducing refracture rates.
Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted from January 2015 to December 2023 involving consecutive patients who underwent VP for osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCFs). Fractures were classified according to the German Society for Orthopedics and Trauma (DGOU) Classification of Osteoporotic Fractures, and further divided into subgroups. Patients were categorized into PrVP or non-PrVP groups. The follow-up assessments included radiographic evaluations, pain scores, and disability indices between the two groups.
Results: A total of 121 patients were included. PrVP was associated with reduced occurrence of subsequent vertebral compression fractures (VCFs) and adjacent vertebral fractures (AVFs) in the biendplate-involvement subgroup (7.7% versus 28.6%, P=0.031; 2.6% versus 23.8%, P=0.009). The postoperative disability scores at 3 months (12.1 ± 2.1 versus 12.9 ± 2.1, P=0.034) and at 6 months (11.7 ± 2.6 versus 12.8 ± 2.5, P=0.014) differed significantly between the groups. No significant differences were observed in AVF occurrence among the other fracture subgroups. Postoperative pain relief was significant in both groups, but the difference was not statistically significant.
Conclusions: Our study highlights the potential benefits of PrVP in reducing AVF occurrence in patients with biendplate-involved. Postoperative disability scores improved significantly with PrVP, especially in patients receiving postoperative osteoporosis medication.
Trial registration: This study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of China Medical University Hospital (Approval number: CMUBH2019-001).
The Impact of Feedback under Information Asymmetry on Market Dynamics: Results from a Classroom Experiment
Authors: Csongradi Gyongyi , Miskolczi Peter , Kadar Beata , Kolnhofer-Derecskei Anita
Published: October 2024

This paper focuses on the problem of so-called "lemon markets", first described by George Akerlof, where information asymmetry about product quality leads to dysfunctional outcomes such as poor average product quality and relatively low levels of trade, resulting in a loss of collective wellbeing. In the age of online commerce, the problem is especially relevant, given that consumers buy many more products without relying on personal experience than at any time in the past. Possible solutions to the problem suggested in the literature are reputation building on the part of producers and improving the information available to consumers, e.g., by way of publicly accessible consumer reviews (even though these can be gamed or faked by sellers). The paper presents the results from a classroom experiment that simulated a "lemon market". The advantage of using a classroom experiment is that while the market is recreated along a small number of rules and incentives, in line with neat economic models, the participants are real, living decisionmakers, displaying the deviations of actual human behaviour from that of a hypothetical "rational actor". In all, 294 students majoring in business information technology participated, making up 11 simulated markets. The results presented focus mainly on the supply side, namely, the quantities and prices of goods offered, and nine supply curves are estimated (for three quality grades of goods in three phases of the game). The research concludes that under perfect information, the market performs efficiently. In the condition where only sellers but not buyers have information about product quality, the volume of trade declines, although not as drastically as previous findings have suggested, and the market shows signs of recovery, albeit at a suboptimal equilibrium. After the option of consumer feedback is introduced, the market shows further convergence toward the socially optimal state. The results reaffirm that consumer feedback plays an important role in filling the information gap when product quality is uncertain; however, it is not sufficient in itself to overcome the "lemon market" problem. Other important influences on consumer behaviour under uncertainty are suggested, such as risk-taking, changing attitudes towards the act of (online) purchases, and cultural factors.
PREPARAÇÃO DE BIOCOMPÓSITO À BASE DE AMIDO TERMOPLÁSTICO REFORÇADO COM FIBRAS DE EUCALIPTO: AVALIAÇÃO DO EFEITO DO TAMANHO DAS FIBRAS NAS PROPRIEDADES MECÂNICAS E DE SORÇÃO
Authors: B. dos Santos Luisa , A. Moreira Tonny , J. Dalmaschio Cleocir , A. Machado Marta
Published: October 2024

PREPARATION OF BIOCOMPOSITE BASED ON THERMOPLASTIC STARCH REINFORCED WITH EUCALYPTUS FIBERS: EVALUATION OF FIBERS SIZE EFFECT ON MECHANICAL AND SORPTION PROPERTIES. This study investigated the preparation of a thermoplastic starch-based (ATP) biocomposite reinforced with eucalyptus fibers (FE), focusing on how fiber size affects the properties. The natural fibers were chemically processed using alkaline and bleaching treatments of eucalyptus bark. Subsequently, they were characterized by infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) to evaluate alterations in fiber composition and crystalline structure. Samples of biocomposites were prepared with a fixed fiber content (20 wt.%) and variations in particle size (dp): ATP/FE600 (600 μm ≤ dp < 1180 μm), ATP/FE250 (250 μm ≤ dp < 600 μm), and ATP/FE75 (75 μm ≤ dp < 250 μm). The samples were characterized by optical and scanning electron microscopy, mechanical tests, moisture absorption, and swelling analysis. Results indicated significant effects of fiber size on the biocomposite properties. Notably, the larger fibers present in ATP/FE600 exhibited superior tensile strength and elastic modulus, while this sample demonstrated reduced moisture absorption and swelling tendencies. Microscopic images revealed enhanced matrix-fiber adhesion in ATP/FE600, highlighting the importance of proper fiber size. The optimization of fiber size emerges as a relevant strategy for improving the mechanical attributes and mitigating moisture/water absorption tendencies in starch-based thermoplastic biocomposites, contributing to sustainable and high-performance materials.
Letramento digital e alfabetização de crianças na pandemia: desafios vividos na docência
Authors: Silva Maria Cristina Parnaiba Dantas , Soares Julio Ribeiro , Pesce Marly Krüger de
Published: October 2024

Durante os anos de 2020 e 2021 a humanidade enfrentou a pandemia da Covid-19, o que evidenciou problemas políticos, sociais, econômicos, educacionais, dentre outros. Na esfera educacional, os profissionais da educação, alunos e seus responsáveis se depararam com a necessidade de trabalhar com o ensino remoto e isso exigiu o domínio das tecnologias e ferramentas digitais, no processo do ensino e da aprendizagem. Diante disso, esta pesquisa tem como objetivo geral compreender as significações (sentidos e significados) constituídas por uma professora da zona rural do alto sertão do estado da Paraíba sobre os desafios vividos na prática pedagógica de alfabetização e letramento digital de crianças no período da pandemia da covid-19. O estudo é de natureza qualitativa, tendo na Psicologia Sócio-Histórica o seu aporte teórico-metodológico. Os dados da pesquisa foram construídos por meio de um questionário reflexivo aplicado a uma professora. A análise foi desenvolvida com base na metodologia dos núcleos de significação. A partir do levantamento de pré-indicadores e sistematização de indicadores foram desveladas as significações constituídas pela professora. Embora recursos tecnológicos tenham sido utilizados durante o período da pandemia, eles não atenderam plenamente as necessidades de professores e crianças em processo de alfabetização, não por ineficiência, mas, sobretudo, pelos limites formativos dos docentes, referentes ao processo de alfabetização por meio do ensino remoto, cujas estratégias exigiam domínio das ferramentas digitais. Os resultados indicaram que muitas famílias não dispunham de equipamentos e acesso à internet, além de não conseguirem auxiliar as crianças no processo de alfabetização.
Intermittent Fasting and Fasting-mimicking Diet: Promising Strategies in Cancer Management
Authors: Zhang Chuanqiang , Fu Fengqing , Zhu Xingchao , Ni Xiangyu , Yue Sijia , Wu Hongya , Shi Tongguo
Published: October 2024

In the current review, we aim to elucidate the advancements concerning the
roles and fundamental mechanisms of intermittent fasting (IF) and fasting-mimicking diet
(FMD) in cancers. As a dietary intervention,IF and FMD potentially impede tumor
growth by modulating multiple signaling pathways, such as AKT, Nrf2, and AMPK
pathways.Moreover, IF and FMD have been reported to be associated with the tumor immune
response by regulating various immune cells including tumor-associated
macrophages (TAMs), monocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), T cells,
and B cells.Additionally, IF and FMD can enhance the efficacy and tolerability of therapy,
concurrently reducing therapy-induced side effects. Furthermore, several clinical
trials have underscored the safety, feasibility, and positive impact on the quality of life
associated with IF and FMD, thereby augmenting the effectiveness of conventional anti--
tumor therapies while ameliorating treatment-related side effects. This review provides a
comprehensive synthesis of findings and elucidates the underlying mechanisms of IF
and FMD in cancer progression and therapy.
Potential Mechanisms of Covid-19 Related Nervous System Damage and Effects on Female Fertility
Authors: Qian Chen-yue , Hu Si-ning , Huadong Liu , Liu Jing-jin
Published: October 2024

Signs and symptoms that persist or worsen beyond the “acute COVID-19”
stage are referred to as long-COVID. These patients are more likely to suffer from multiple
organ failure, readmission, and mortality. According to a recent theory, long-lasting
COVID-19 symptoms may be caused by abnormal autonomic nervous system (ANS) activity,
such as hypovolemia, brain stem involvement, and autoimmune reactions. Furthermore,
COVID-19 can also cause impaired fertility in women, which may also be related
to inflammation and immune responses. Currently, few treatments are available for
long-COVID symptoms. This article reviews the major effects of COVID-19 on the nervous
system and female fertility, as well as offers potential treatment approaches.
The Role of circRNAs in the Pathological Mechanisms of Alzheimer's Disease: Potential Biomarkers for Diagnosis
Authors: Abuduwaili Zulalai , Fan Yingao , Tao Wenyuan , Chen Yanting , Xu Yun , Zhu Xiaolei
Published: October 2024

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disease leading to
dementia in the elderly, and the mechanisms of AD have not been fully defined. Circular RNAs
(circRNAs), covalently closed RNAs produced by reverse splicing, have critical effects in the pathogenesis
of AD. CircRNAs participate in production and clearance of Aβ and tau, regulate neuroinflammation,
synaptic plasticity and the process of apoptosis and autophagy, indicating that circRNAs
may be alternative biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Our review summarizes the functions of
circRNAs in the progression and development of AD, which provide insights into the prospect of
circRNAs in the diagnosis and treatment of AD.
In silico Study of Novel Tryptanthrin-Based Topoisomerase Inhibitors
Authors: Kumawat Mukesh Kumar , Kumar Kapil
Published: October 2024

Background:

Over the past ten years, a remarkable number of changes have occurred in
the field of cancer drug research. Most anticancer drugs from the first generation work by breaking
down DNA, preventing its production, interfering with cell division processes, or attaching to microtubules.
The potential use of tryptanthrin as well as its analogues is well documented for anticancer
properties.

Objective:

To design a novel hybrid of tryptanthrin analogs with expected anticancer activity.

Method:

By changing the C-6 carbonyl position of the tryptanthrin molecule, a set of 72 derivatives
of substituted-6-benzylidine-6H-indolo[2,1-b] quinazoline-12-one was developed. These ligands
were screened in silico using Schrodinger Glide extra precision docking against DNA topoisomerase
using doxorubicin and teniposide as references to identify their potential anticancer properties.
Further, these ligands were subjected to an in silico ADMET study to identify their drug likeliness.

Results:

Combined results of molecular docking and in silico ADMET study suggest that out of the
total 72 ligands, 6 ligands RC 51, RC 29, RC 42, RC 3, RC 54, and RC 63 were showing very better
binding affinity than the natural ligand adenylyl-imidodiphosphate and the two standard reference
drugs- doxorubicin and teniposide.

Conclusion:

Our computational approach was successful in identifying ligands that are potentially
potent topoisomerase inhibitors. These can be tested further using in vitro and in vivo analysis.
Insights into the Phytochemical Profile and Therapeutical Potential of Withania Somnifera (L.) Dunal
Authors: Katyal Mehak , Kumar Rajesh , Jain Divya , Chatterjee Nidhi , Singh Kuldeep
Published: October 2024

Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal (W. somnifera) is an herb commonly known by its English
name Winter Cherry, and Ashwagandha in Hindi. It has been used as a traditional Rasayana
herb for a long time. It is a rich reservoir of bioactive compounds known as withanolides, namely,
withaferin-A and withanolide-D. Its current research covers many aspects of human health, which
include anti-stress, anti-tumor, 9immuno-modulatory, hypocholesterolemic, hepatoprotective,
hypoglycemic, diuretic, anti-convulsant, neurotropic, adaptogenic, and cardioprotective properties.
This overview W. somnifera traditional uses, phytochemical, and pharmacological activities.
However, in-depth studies are needed on the clinical use of W. somnifera against human diseases.
Besides, detailed toxicological analysis is also to be performed for its safe and efficacious use in
preclinical and clinical studies and as a health-promoting herb.
Spectrophotometric Determination of 4-n-butylresorcinol in Cosmetics by Decolorization of Oxidized 3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine
Authors: Chen Si , Nie Yiming , Liu Qing , Chen Fang
Published: October 2024

Background:

4-n-butylresorcinol (4nBR) was widely used in the treatment of chloasma
and skin whitening cosmetics. As a decolorizing agent, it can effectively control the activity of tyrosinase.
Market regulatory authorities require truthful labeling of ingredients in cosmetics. Therefore,
the quantitative determination of 4nBR is of great practical significance.

Hypothesis:

At present, the main detection method of 4nBR reported in the literature is HPLC.
Compared with the HPLC method, optical methods offer several advantages, including low cost,
and simplicity, which make them suitable for on-field detection applications. A convenient spectrophotometric
method was established for 4nBR detection.

Methods:

Fe3+ can oxidize the common colorless chromogenic substrate 3,3',5,5'-
tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) to blue oxTMB. Based on the fact that 4-n-butyl resorcinol (4nBR) can
reduce oxTMB, a convenient and rapid spectrophotometric method for the determination of 4nBR
was proposed.

Results:

Under the optimum conditions, the absorbance at 652 nm has a good linear relationship
with the concentration of 4nBR in the range of 1.2 - 16 μM. The linear equation for the detection of
4nBR was ΔA = 0.0546 c (μM) - 0.0026 (r2=0.9962), and the detection limit was 0.33 μM. The accuracy
of this method is comparable to that of HPLC.

Conclusion:

This method has good selectivity for 4nBR and good anti-interference ability for common
additives in cosmetics. The proposed method can be applied to the determination of 4nBR in
thereal samples.

other:

Optical methods offer several advantages, including low cost, simplicity, which make them suitable for on-field detection application.
iTRAQ-based Proteomic Analysis Unveils NCAM1 as a Novel Regulator in Doxorubicin-induced Cardiotoxicity and DT-010-exerted Cardioprotection
Authors: Wang Sijie , Xie Caipeng , Hu Huihui , Yu Pei , Zhong Haijing , Wang Yuqiang , Shan Luchen
Published: October 2024

Background:

Doxorubicin (DOX) causes lethal cardiotoxicity, which limits its clinical
utility. The molecular mechanisms and effective strategies to combat its cardiotoxicity
need further exploration. DT-010, a novel conjugate of danshensu (DSS) and tetramethylpyrazine(
TMP), is considered a promising candidate for treating DOX-induced cardiotoxicity. In
this study, we aimed to investigate the underlying molecular mechanisms of DOX-induced
cardiotoxicity and the cardioprotective effects of DT-010.

Methods:

Isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ) in proteomics analysis
was employed to analyze the differentially expressed proteins in DOX-injuried hearts. Gene
ontology (GO) enrichment analysis and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes
(KEGG) pathway analysis were carried out to evaluated the potential mechanisms of DOXinduced
cardiotoxicity. The effects of NCAM1 on DOX-induced cardiotoxicity in H9c2 cells,
as well as the cardioprotection of DT-010 were assessed through NACM1siRNA transfection,
cell viability assay, cell apoptosis staining, reactive oxygen species measurement, and western
blotting.

Results:

Proteomics analysis revealed that several signaling pathways, including the tricarboxylic
acid (TCA) cycle and oxidative phosphorylation, were involved in DOX-induced cardiotoxicity.
NCAM1 is one of the significantly changed proteins. DT-010 treatment regulated
NCAM1 protein expression. Silencing NCAM1 in DOX-treated H9c2 cells decreased cell viability,
increased cell apoptosis and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, and attenuated
the cardioprotective effects of DT-010. Furthermore, NCAM1 knockdown promoted p38 activation
and inhibited the expressions of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-
1 alpha (PGC-1α) and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) in DOX-treated cells.

Conclusion:

These findings indicate a definite role of NCAM1 in DOX-induced cardiotoxicity
and DT-010-exerted cardioprotection, which is mediated through the p38 and Sirt1/PGC-
1α/HO-1 pathway.
Evaluation of the Physico-chemical and Biological Properties of Fermented Nipa (Nypa fruticans) Sap Under Closed and Open Vessel Fermentation System for Bioethanol Production
Authors: Manzano Loreli Faye T. , Halabaso Eric R. , Aglipay Laurenz R. , Gamboa Francis A. , Agrupis Shirley C.
Published: October 2024

Background

The potential of Nipa (Nypa fruticans) sap in the Cagayan Region, Philippines, for bioethanol production remains largely underexplored despite its vast expanse.

Methods

This study investigates the key physico-chemical properties of Nipa sap from Aparri, Cagayan, with a focus on fermentation dynamics and storage conditions to optimize ethanol production. Two fermentation treatments closed and open vessel conditions, were compared to determine the optimal conditions for maximum ethanol yield. Over a 7-day fermentation period, the acetic acid production, yeast activity, sugar content, and ethanol concentration of closed vessel fermented sap (CVFS) and open vessel fermented sap (OVFS) were monitored.

Results

CVFS demonstrated a higher ethanol yield (7.56%v/v at peak day), characterized by minimized acetic acid accumulation and stable yeast activity. In contrast, OVFS exhibited significant fluctuations in acetic acid and ethanol levels, indicating a lower fermentation efficiency.

Conclusion

The presence of methanol and high acetic acid content in open-vessel fermentation systems highlights the importance of fermentation conditions to prevent impurities. This study provides valuable insights into optimizing ethanol production from fermenting Nipa sap by employing closed vessel fermentation, which is crucial for sustainable bioethanol production in the Cagayan region.
A Comprehensive Review on Oleic Acid Vesicles: A Novel Approach to Drug Delivery
Authors: S Sandhya , Lokapur Jayatheertha S , Goudanavar Prakash S
Published: October 2024

The implementation of several innovative drug delivery technologies has made medication
distribution more focused and managed in recent years. These days, a vesicular drug delivery
system defines the rate of distribution and the site of action in order to improve the action
and increase patient compliance; there are various kinds of newly developed vesicular drug delivery
systems, including transferosomes, niosomes, aquasomes, ufasomes, pharmacosomes, and phytosomes.
Ufasomes are unsaturated fatty acid vesicles with a limited pH range of 7 to 9. They are a
suspension of closed lipid bilayers made of fatty acids and their ionized species. The hydrocarbon
tails of fatty acid molecules are oriented toward the membrane's inner core, and their carboxyl
groups are in contact with water. The two fatty acids that are most frequently employed in the ufasomes’
manufacturing process are oleic and linoleic acids. It is a common practice to produce fatty
acid vesicles via the thin film hydration process. The manufacture of stable ufasomes is mostly dependent
on the choice of fatty acids, amount of cholesterol, pH range, buffer, etc. This article goes
into additional detail regarding unsaturated fatty acids’ characteristics, benefits, and drawbacks.
Corrigendum to: A Critical Assessment of Remdesivir
Authors: Chandra Subhash , Choudhary Alka N. , Palai Santwana , Rauf Abdur , Aboul-Enein Hassan Y.
Published: October 2024

An error was found in the affiliations of the author in the article titled “A Critical Assessment of Remdesivir” published in
Current Drug Therapy, 2024, 19(6) [1].

Details of the error and a correction are provided here.

ORIGINAL

1Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, SGRR University, Patel Nagar, 248001, Bhubaneswar,
751003, Odisha, India; 2Department of Veterinary, Pharmacology and Toxicology, Odisha University of Agriculture
& Technology, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India; 3Department of Chemistry, University of Swabi, Anbar, 23561, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa,
Pakistan; 4Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry Department, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Division,
National Research Centre, Cairo, 12622, Egypt.

CORRECTED

1Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, SGRR University, Patel Nagar, 248001, Dehradun,
Uttarakhand, India; 2Department of Veterinary, Pharmacology and Toxicology, Odisha University of Agriculture &
Technology, Bhubaneswar-751003 Odisha, India; 3Department of Chemistry, University of Swabi, Anbar, 23561, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa,
Pakistan; 4Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Division, National Research Centre, Cairo, 12622, Egypt

We regret the error and apologize to readers.

The original article can be found online at: https://www.eurekaselect.com/article/135774
Smart IoT and Machine Learning-Based Framework for Water Quality Assessment and Device Component Monitoring
Authors: Bhardwaj Akashdeep
Published: October 2024

Water is the most important natural element present on earth for humans, yet
the availability of pure water is becoming scarce and decreasing. An increase in
population and a rise in temperatures are two major factors contributing to the water
crisis worldwide. Desalinated, brackish water from the sea, lake, estuary, or
underground aquifers is treated to maximize freshwater availability for human
consumption. However, mismanagement of water storage, distribution, or quality leads
to serious threats to human health and ecosystems. Sensors and embedded and smart
devices in water plants require proactive monitoring for optimal performance.
Traditional quality and device management requires huge investments in time, manual
efforts, labor, and resources. This research presents an IoT-based real-time framework
to perform water quality management, monitor, and alert for taking actions based on
contamination and toxic parameter levels and device and application performance as
the first part of the proposed work. Machine learning models analyze water quality
trends and device monitoring and management architecture. The results display how
the proposed method manages water monitoring and accesses water parameters more
efficiently than other works.
Ophthalmic examination findings in healthy white storks (Ciconia Ciconia)
Authors: Kibar Kurt B. , Bozkan Ünal Z.
Published: October 2024

In birds, vision plays an essential role in vital functions such as feeding and reproduction. In this study, it was aimed to determine the ophthalmic examination findings in healthy storks. A total of eleven healthy white storks were included in the study. Schirmer tear test 1 (STT-I), intraocular pressure (IOP) and ocular biometry were performed on both eyes of each stork. The mean STT-I values were 12±3.4 (right eye) and 11.9±3.14 mm/min (left eye), and the IOP values were 19±0.97 (right eye) and 18.85±0.73 mmHg (left eye). The mean ocular biometric values were as follows: anterior chamber depth, 2.30±0.18 and 2.29±0.13 mm, lens thickness 5.18±0.1 and 5.19±0.13 mm, vitreous body 11.72±0.25 and 11.82±0.34 mm, and pecten 7.94±0.34 and 7.9±0.37 mm of the right and left eyes, respectively. Knowledge of the normal value ranges in healthy white storks is necessary for the diagnosis of ocular diseases in this species. To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study in which normal ophthalmic value ranges in healthy storks are described.
Een 78, XX ovotesticulaire geslachtsontwikkelingsstoornis, voorheen beschreven als een ‘vrouwelijke echte hermafrodiet’, bij een hond
Authors: De Bosschere H. , Platteeuw A.-S. , Kindermans E. , Boussemaere M. , Menten B.
Published: October 2024

Een twee jaar oude, intacte, zwarte Engelse cocker spaniël werd aangeboden voor electieve castratie. Tijdens het klinisch onderzoek werd een vergrote clitoris met de aanwezigheid van een clitorisbotje waargenomen. De ovaria zagen er macroscopisch groter en vleziger uit dan normaal gezien wordt bij middelgrote hondenrassen van die leeftijd. Microscopisch werden naast normaal ovarieel weefsel ook rudimentaire tubuli seminiferi (testiculair weefsel) waargenomen. Karyotypering op een volbloedstaal toonde een normale 78, XX-euploïdie met de aanwezigheid van twee X-chromosomen en de afwezigheid van een Y-chromosoom. De diagnose van een 78, XX ovotesticulaire geslachtsontwikkelingsstoornis werd gesteld. Deze stoornis werd voorheen beschreven als een ‘vrouwelijke echte hermafrodiet’.
Airbnb as a Socially Disturbing Innovative Phenomenon: The Non-Commercial Resident and Provider Perspective in Central Prague
Authors: Nadda Vipin , Dadwal Sumesh , Pospíšilová Markéta
Published: October 2024

Airbnb is a platform allowing peer-to-peer accommodation options for people sharing their own extra space. Though it sounds like a simple method of sharing and exchanging values in a sharing economy, however, there are many challenges behind its implementation. It is crucial to look at both sides of the coin to understand not only what it brings but what it causes as well. Airbnb is a comparatively new phenomenon in modern times and changes traditional tourist behaviour as well as the accommodation situation in the market. It is a big part of the sharing economy and brings a range of socioeconomic advantages and disadvantages to stakeholders. It is assumed as a sustainable, multi-stakeholder beneficial form of accommodation service provision and contributes to inclusive destination development. However, the uncontrollable utilisation of residents’ spare spaces also leads to concerns related to social disturbance, and erosion of neighbourhood social capital. This qualitative research uses semi-structured interviews to collect the primary data from providers of Airbnb spaces and the local non-commercial residents of that geographical area in Central Prague. The findings compare the perspectives of providers and residents and provide useful insights related to opportunities and concerns for the stakeholders related to social disturbance due to this disruptive innovation.
A Panel Study on Capital Structure and Profitability in the MENA Region Tourism Industry
Authors: Demiraj Enida , Dsouza Suzan
Published: October 2024

Finding the optimal debt-equity balance is always challenging as it impacts performance and financial risk. Moreover, this balance changes with the industry. Our study aims to assess the impact of capital structure (CS) on firm profitability in the tourism industry. The sample consists of 71 listed firms from the tourism sector of the MENA region. Through a quantitative approach, we use pooled and static panel regression, examining the annual financial published data of the selected firms from 2010 to 2021 sourced through the Refinitiv database. The results show that an increase (decrease) of the debt (equity) portion in the capital structure impacts both ROA and ROE negatively and significantly, even after controlling for asset tangibility, size, liquidity, inflation, COVID-19 effects, and loss-making firms in the sample. The findings suggest that tourism firms in the MENA region should avoid an aggressive capital structure policy. To our knowledge, this study is the first one to examine the impact of CS on the profitability of the tourism industry for the entire MENA region, thus being of great value to firm-level policymakers and investors in the region.
Internet Marketing and Patronage of Tourism Products
Authors: Anyadighibe Joseph Amaechi , Ezekiel Maurice Sunday , Ogar Anthony , Lekwa Kalu Kalu
Published: October 2024

This study examined internet marketing and the patronage of tourism products. It was aimed at determining the effects of content marketing, social media marketing, email marketing and search engine marketing on the patronage of tourism products. The study adopted cross-sectional survey research design. A sample of 323 tourists were used for the study. The findings of the study revealed that content marketing, social media marketing, email marketing and search engine marketing had significant positive effects on the patronage of tourism products in Cross River State. The study recommended that: tourism-based businesses should harness the potential of content marketing, social media, email marketing and search engine marketing to create and promote valuable, entertaining and informative content; responsive customer services that will generate interest and attract tourist to destination.
PLANT DISEASE IDEDNTIFICATION USING MACHINE LEARNING AND IMAGE PROCESSING
Authors:   Parul University, India, Thakkar Sejal , Patel Chirag ,   Charotar University of Science and Technology, India, Suthar Ved ,   Indus University, India
Published: October 2024

The primary objective of this study is to investigate the detection and diagnosis of plant diseases using Deep Learning and Digital Image Processing. Previous research has primarily focused on single plant disease scenarios using publicly available datasets, often overlooking the image preprocessing phase. In this study, we propose a model that works with 10 different plants and utilizes approximately 50,000 images for training and testing. We classified 36 distinct classes into healthy or infected types based on disease labels. To enhance the accuracy of disease detection, we recommend employing image processing techniques and considering multiple plant scenarios. We utilized a dual-layer Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) for the publicly available dataset and supplemented it with real-time images captured from various farms in Village Rancharda Near Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India (PIN: 38255). Our research introduces several novel elements in the preprocessing steps. We employed HSV segmentation, flood fills segmentation, and a proposed deep learning model for image segmentation. Additionally, we standardized the resolution of all images to ensure uniformity. These preprocessing techniques refine the image data required for accurate classification and enhance the visibility of diseased portions. For image processing, we employed a sliding window mean average deviation technique and stacked the processed images onto the original image, resulting in six-channel images. Our proposed model demonstrates improved performance on the validation data, achieving an accuracy of up to 97.95%. Furthermore, we transformed this model into a TFLite model, which can be easily integrated into client applications without the need for a server. In our case, we implemented the model on an Android platform. These findings indicate the potential of our proposed model to significantly enhance the detection and diagnosis of plant diseases in real-world scenarios.
GENETIC FUZZY LOGIC ALGORITHM AS INTELLIGENT AGENTS FOR SWARM INTELLIGENCE APPLICATION
Authors:   R.M.K. Engineering College, India, P Kavitha , S.D. Lalitha ,   R.M.K. Engineering College, India
Published: October 2024

This research introduces a novel approach to harnessing the power of Genetic Fuzzy Logic Algorithms (GFLAs) in the context of Swarm Intelligence applications. Swarm Intelligence relies on decentralized, self-organized systems, where individual agents collaborate to achieve complex tasks. However, existing methods often face challenges in adapting to dynamic environments and optimizing system performance. To address this, our study proposes the integration of GFLAs as intelligent agents within Swarm Intelligence frameworks. GFLAs leverage genetic algorithms and fuzzy logic to evolve and adapt their rules autonomously, enhancing the system adaptability and efficiency. The research addresses the gap in current literature by investigating the potential of GFLAs as intelligent agents in Swarm Intelligence, emphasizing their ability to learn and optimize behaviors in real-time. Through rigorous experimentation, we demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method in improving swarm performance across diverse scenarios.
SOLVING THE TASK OF LOCAL OPTIMA TRAPS IN DATA MINING APPLICATIONS THROUGH INTELLIGENT MULT-AGENT SWARM AND ORTHOPAIR FUZZY SETS
Authors:   Krishna University, India, Kumar Reddi Kiran , P Chengamma ,   Annamacharya Institute of Technology and Sciences, India, A Senthil Kumar ,   Shri Vishnu Engineering College for Women, India, G Sai Chaitanya Kumar ,   DVR & Dr. HS MIC College of Technology, India
Published: October 2024

Local optima traps pose a significant challenge in optimizing complex problems, particularly in data mining applications, where traditional algorithms may get stuck in suboptimal solutions. This study addresses this issue by combining the power of intelligent multi-agent swarm algorithms and orthopair fuzzy sets to enhance optimization processes. We propose a novel approach that leverages the collective intelligence of a multi-agent swarm system, enabling effective exploration and exploitation of solution spaces. Additionally, orthopair fuzzy sets are introduced to model and represent uncertainties inherent in data mining tasks, providing a more robust optimization framework. Our work contributes to the advancement of optimization techniques in data mining by offering a synergistic solution to local optima traps. The integration of intelligent multi-agent swarms and orthopair fuzzy sets enhances the algorithm’s adaptability and resilience, leading to improved convergence and better solutions. Experimental results demonstrate the efficacy of our proposed approach in overcoming local optima traps, showcasing superior performance compared to traditional algorithms. The hybrid system exhibits increased convergence rates and consistently discovers more accurate and diverse solutions across various data mining scenarios.