bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
AN OVERVIEW OF AGRICULTURE INFORMATION LITERACY AMONG FARMERS IN TENKASI DISTRICT
Authors: S.V. Divya Dr.
Published: June 2024

Farming community forms an integral part of an economy. The Government has time and again introduced several measures to disseminate knowledge of agriculture process, recent innovation in the agriculture technology, etc. Farmers have always suffered threats from pests, floods and drought. Due to rapid industrialization and changing climatic condition it has become extremely hard on the part of the farmers to stay updated to current times. They are in desperate need of proven solutions to tackle the issues arising from the climatic changes. Agriculture information literacy is the need of the hour for the farmers to take active efforts in agriculture. Though several agencies are involved in disseminating the latest information in agriculture technology, it is not effectively disseminated due to myriad reasons. Being a predominantly agriculture district, Tenkasi has been chosen to conduct the present study. The farmers of the district cultivate both agriculture and horticulture crops and has been actively involved in farming activities for several decades. Hence, the present study has been undertaken to analyze the agriculture information literacy among farmers in Tenkasi district. The study has adopted simple percentage, ANOVA and t-test to analyze the collected data.
THE TOURISM INDUSTRY IN INDIA HAS TREMENDOUS POTENTIAL FOR GROWTH
Authors: Raju Dr. Sidharth S. , Dixit Mr. Saket
Published: June 2024

The global economy is significantly impacted by travel and tourism, with India being a prime example. The tourist industry has become a vital component of economic growth, generating more revenue than oil, food, or autos combined. India's tourism industry offers a wide range of jobs, promoting conservation of natural resources, cultural diversity, and global stability.
SUSTAINABLE BUSINESS PRACTICES IN INTERNATIONAL MARKETS: STRATEGIES, CHALLENGES, AND IMPLICATIONS
Authors: Kumar Mandeep , Tomar Sahadev Singh
Published: June 2024

This chapter explores the significance of sustainable business practices in the context of international markets. As global awareness of environmental and social issues intensifies, businesses are compelled to integrate sustainability into their operations. This paper examines the strategies adopted by international businesses to implement sustainability initiatives, the challenges they encounter, and the broader implications for both the companies and the global marketplace. The integration of sustainable business practices in international markets has emerged as a strategic imperative in the contemporary global business landscape. The paper delves into the growing significance of sustainability in international business, examining how changing consumer preferences, regulatory pressures, and investor expectations are driving companies to adopt sustainable strategies. It investigates various strategies employed by international businesses to implement sustainable practices, including circular economy models, carbon footprint reduction, ethical sourcing, and social responsibility initiatives. Challenges and barriers inherent in the adoption of sustainable practices are critically analysed, encompassing regulatory complexities, supply chain intricacies, and the need to balance sustainability objectives with financial viability. The paper highlights the role of innovation, stakeholder collaboration, and cultural adaptation in overcoming these obstacles.
INTRODUCTION TO AI IN NON-DESTRUCTIVE EVALUATION
Authors: A. Nagadeepn Prof. , V. Senthilkumar Dr.
Published: June 2024

Non-Destructive Evaluation (NDE) plays a critical role in ensuring the performance, dependability, and safety of numerous engineering constructions without causing damage to them. As industries strive for higher efficiency and more accurate assessments, the integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) has emerged as a transformative force in the field of NDE. This paper presents an introductory overview of the application of AI techniques in Non-Destructive Evaluation. The primary aim of this paper is to shed light on the fundamental principles, challenges, and opportunities that arise when AI is employed in NDE. We begin by providing a comprehensive explanation of the key NDE methods commonly used in industries such as radiography, eddy current testing, magnetic particle inspection, and ultrasonic testing. The limitations and complexities associated with these traditional techniques are discussed, highlighting the need for innovative solutions. Subsequently, the paper delves into the foundational concepts of AI and its subfields, including neural network, deep learning, machine learning and their applicability in NDE. We explore how AI algorithms can augment the performance of existing NDE methods by enabling advanced defect detection, classification, and quantification. Additionally, the integration of AI with other emerging technologies like the Internet of Things (IoT) and Big Data is examined, revealing new possibilities for data-driven decision-making and predictive maintenance strategies.Moreover, we review case studies and real-world applications that demonstrate the successful implementation of AI in NDE across various industries, including aerospace, manufacturing, and infrastructure. The benefits of AI-driven NDE are highlighted, showcasing increased inspection accuracy, reduced inspection time, enhanced safety, and cost-effectiveness. However, while AI brings promising advancements to NDE, it also presents challenges related to data acquisition, model interpretability, and generalization to different scenarios. The paper addresses these concerns and outlines ongoing research efforts to tackle these obstacles and ensure the robustness and reliability of AI-driven NDE systems.
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE BASED ACADEMIC LIBRARIES: A REVIEW
Authors: Mojjada Harihararao , Siva Krishna S.
Published: June 2024

The idea of implementing artificial intelligence in academic libraries is gaining momentum worldwide. Intelligent and automated systems integrated with machine learning algorithms have the capability to analyse data, find and retrieve information accurately and quickly, and provide relevant recommendations based on user behaviour. The implementation of such systems can significantly improve user satisfaction and experience by enabling more efficient access to resources, enhancing personalized searching, reducing processing time for content management tasks, and enabling faster query resolution. Additionally, AI-powered smart libraries can help institutions become more cost-effective while there are challenges around embracing this technology due to concerns about privacy breaches; however, it is believed that the benefits outweigh such risks. This study focuses to make an overall view on the potential for employing AI in academic libraries throughout the LIS domain to enhance library services by creating smart libraries that can better cater to the needs of their users. In this chapter, we will explore origin, types, importance, benefits and challenges of using AI in academic libraries, as well as the different applications of AI in cataloguing and metadata management, information retrieval and recommendation systems, user services and support, and future directions and possibilities. This chapter also will converse the ethical, legal, and social implications of AI in academic libraries, future of AI based academic libraries in India, role of librarians, etc.,
AI-ENABLED CONTENT CURATION IN OTT PLATFORMS: BALANCING PERSONALIZATION AND PRIVACY
Authors: Mansi Singh Dr. , Sharma Kritika , Kaur Amanpreet , Keshav Mr.
Published: June 2024

This paper explores the impact of AI-enabled content curation in over-the-top (OTT) platforms and the delicate balance between personalization and user privacy. Over-the-top platforms have revolutionized media consumption by leveraging artificial intelligence to provide tailored content recommendations, enhancing user experience and engagement. However, as AI algorithms become increasingly sophisticated, concerns about data privacy, algorithmic bias, and transparency have grown. This paper analyzes the benefits and challenges of AI-driven content curation and proposes strategies for maintaining the equilibrium between personalized content delivery and safeguarding user privacy. It delves into the ethical considerations, regulatory measures, and industry standards necessary to create an environment where users can enjoy personalized content while retaining control over their data. Additionally, case studies of prominent OTT platforms, such as Netflix and Amazon Prime Video, are examined to highlight how they navigate the fine line between personalization and privacy. The research aims to contribute to a comprehensive understanding of the evolving landscape of AI in OTT platforms and the imperative need to strike the right balance for sustainable growth and user trust.
REMOVAL OF CHEMICAL AND BIOLOGICAL POLLUTANT IN WASTE WATER USING BAY LEAVES
Authors: B.R Vidya. , Vijaylaxmi Ms.
Published: June 2024

Industrialization, urbanization, and population growth have contaminated natural waterways, posing health and environmental risks. Coagulation, an effective primary chemical treatment method, is vital for removing contaminants. Natural coagulants, derived from plants, animals, or microorganisms, are preferred over chemical ones. This study delves into the mechanisms and types of natural coagulants, with a focus on plant-based options. It aims to enhance knowledge of eco-friendly coagulants' potential, efficiency, and barriers to commercialization. Modified coagulants are also discussed for future water treatment exploration. In 2018, the General Assembly declared clean water and sanitation a human right, vital for overall well-being. They were concerned about 900 million lacking clean water and urged aid to improve access. Bay leaf (Laurusnobilis), a shrub in the laurel family, is valued for its culinary and medicinal uses, rich in compounds like tannins, flavonoids, and essential oils. Its versatile properties range from wound healing to antibacterial and antifungal effects, making it useful in various industries.
MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF CONCRETE BY ADDING PLASTIC AS A PARTIAL SUBSTITUTE FOR COARSE AGGREGATE TO PROMOTE SUSTAINABILITY ON CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY
Authors: Niranjan Reddy B L , Vinod Kumar M , Pannirselvam N , Jyothirmayee S , Dileep Kumar Reddy B
Published: June 2024

Concrete is without a doubt the most advantageous material in the building industry, but every coin has two sides. Raw materials used in the manufacturing of concrete, in one way or another, have a negative impact on the environment. For instance, as cement is produced, dust is released into the atmosphere during the production of aggregates. The area's geology is further impacted by the production of coarse aggregates. The use of waste materials in addition to or in place of cement is a step in this direction. Many of these substances, like silica fume and rice husk, are currently in use. In this investigation, synthetic coarse aggregates are employed in place of natural coarse aggregates. Plastic aggregates were only little treated from plastic waste. Plastic is currently the largest environmental problem, and it is becoming worse quickly. According to certain recent research, it can be used in the construction industry because of several of its traits, such inert behaviour and resistance to degradation. Utilising leftover plastic can help reduce the amount of plastic in the trash stream. Using plastic coarse particles, many tests were conducted to examine the mechanical properties of concrete. Concrete was made using plastic coarse aggregates with a variety of plastic compositions. Plastic coarse aggregates at varied concentrations of 0%, 2.5%, 5.0%, 7.5%, 10.0%, and 12.5% were used to make concrete.
EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATIONS ON SUSTAINABLE CONCRETE WITH BAMBOO WASTE
Authors: Aryal Niroj , Shah Alok , Yadav Chandrashekhar , S E Manu
Published: June 2024

The practice of using sustainable materials has gained popularity worldwide. In the construction sector, cement contributes approximately 7% of global CO2 emissions and many other greenhouse gases, resulting in global warming. So concrete containing sustainable supplementary cementitious materials (SCM) is used to reduce CO2 emissions and attain long-term strength. The bio-waste material of bamboo, i.e., bamboo flakes and bamboo leaves, was procured and dried under the sun. The leaves and flakes were burned separately in a controlled manner in a burn barrel. The chemical tests on bamboo flake ash (BFA) and bamboo leaves ash (BLA) were used to characterize the ash’s chemical characteristics. The findings revealed that the ashes comprise key elements such as SiO2, AL2O3, and Fe2O3. As per ASTM C618:2003, to be classified as pozzolanic material, the combination of SiO2, Al2O3, and Fe2O3 must be greater than 70%. Hence, it satisfies the ASTM condition, as in BFA and BLA, the combination content of SiO2, Al2O3, and Fe2O3 was 80.02% and 80.83%, respectively. Therefore, the ash possessed high pozzolanic activity. Cement was replaced by BFA at 5%, 10%, and 15% by weight of cement. Concrete made by partial replacement of cement with BLA and BFA was tested for compressive strength at 7, 14, and 28 days of curing. And the split tensile test was conducted based on the optimum value obtained from compressive strength. After 28 days, the optimal strength was found to be at 5% replacement. The durability test (water absorption) shows that sustainable concrete has greater durability as compared to conventional concrete. Though several SCMs have been used, the use of bamboo flakes (BFA) as an SCM has been considered new research.
EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF GLASS FIBER REINFORCED POLYMER (GFRP) RETROFITTING ON THE MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF CONCRETE SPECIMEN
Authors: Dutta Pranav
Published: June 2024

Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymer (GFRP) has emerged as a promising retrofitting material for improving the performance and durability of concrete structures. In this study, the effectiveness of GFRP retrofitting for enhancing the mechanical properties of concrete structures was investigated. Concrete cubes and concrete cylinder were casted, followed by material testing and mix-design. Compressive strength test and Split tensile strength tests were performed on both normal concrete specimens and GFRP retrofitted concrete specimens at 7th and 28th day. The results revealed that the GFRP retrofitting significantly improved the split tensile strength of concrete specimens, with GFRP retrofitted concrete specimens exhibiting superior performance compared to normal concrete specimens. The high strength and stiffness properties of GFRP enhance the load-carrying capacity and ductility of retrofitted concrete structures, providing a robust solution for strengthening concrete structures. These findings offer valuable insights into the benefits of using GFRP for retrofitting concrete structures, with practical implications for enhancing structural performance and durability. The study’s outcomes provide a framework for evaluating the effectiveness of GFRP retrofitting and demonstrate its potential to improve the performance and durability of concrete structures, highlighting its potential as a sustainable and cost-effective solution for retrofitting and strengthening aging concrete structures.
IOT IN SMART HOME
Authors: M Padmavathi , Jagdish H Godihal Professor
Published: June 2024

Due to its numerous advantages, home automation is a subject that is becoming more and more popular. Home automation can be accomplished by simply connecting electrical household appliances to the internet or cloud storage. Due to its low cost and ease of use, network connected automation for houses is currently in high demand. Through the use of user-friendly portals that have been specifically created, platforms based on cloud computing enable us to connect to the objects that are all around us and easily access anything and everything whenever we need to from any location. As a result, cloud acts as a front end to access IOT. Home automation technology that gives one person complete control over all remotely operated elements in the house. The automation system will be remotely accessible and controllable via a centralized host PC, the internet, a packet PC running a Windows Mobile application, and all three at the same time.
IOT BASED GARBAGE MONITORING SYSTEM AND NOTIFICATION APPLICATION
Authors: K Arjun , Kumara Varuna , Souza Melwin D , S Balanageshwara , Naik Akshatha
Published: June 2024

In today's world there is an immense growth in the population of the cities due to this rapid urbanization there is a waste collection that leads to various infectious diseases in the environment. There is a concept with the prototype which we have built that is the Recycle, Reuse, Reduce policies throughout this waste management system. access to get real-time information about each bin and avoid overloading of these bins. The proposed framework reduces the labor cost and saves time and energy of the system. access to get real-time information about each bin and avoid overloading of these bins. access to get real-time information about each bin and avoid overloading of these bins. The proposed framework reduces the labor cost and saves time and energy of the system.
IOT BASED STEERSMANSHIP SYSTEM FOR VISUALLY IMPAIRED HUMAN RACE
Authors: C S Tejeshwini , D Priyanka , Archana B Dr. , Indira Ms.
Published: June 2024

By using this smart cane, blind people can easily contact the physical environment, which is the vision of our steersman ship system. If we are attentive, we will quickly realize that they need help to walk. With the help of this intelligent blind cane, people can move around with confidence. Today, blind people use a standard blind cane to orient themselves while walking from one place to another. Although the standard cane is the most commonly used tool for visually impaired people today, it cannot help them identify risks at all levels of barriers. In this context, we propose a completely new intelligent method to assist blind or visually impaired people. The technology is used to give blind people the same mobility and confidence as sighted people. It also provides guidance and information to avoid obstacles such as people, water and sensor-based obstacles. The technology is linked to navigation from GPS navigation so that the locus of the blind human being can be accurately determined.
DETECTION OF MALICIOUS ATTACK IN INTERNET USING MACHINE LEARNING
Authors: N V Suchetha , N V Sunitha
Published: June 2024

Phishing refers to the deceptive technique used to extract user credentials and sensitive data by impersonating legitimate websites. Phishing attacks often involve the creation of mirror websites that closely resemble genuine ones, but contain malicious code to capture and transmit user credentials to malicious actors. Such attacks can lead to significant financial losses for customers, especially in the banking and financial services sector. The traditional approach to phishing detection has relied on blacklists of known phishing links or heuristic evaluation of suspicious web pages to identify malicious attributes. However, these methods suffer from limitations such as low accuracy and poor adaptability to new phishing links. To overcome these drawbacks, in this paper various machine learning techniques such as support vector machine (SVM), random forest, artificial neural networks are used. The goal of this approach is to identify the most effective model that can accurately classify malicious links from benign ones.
BONE AS A TOOL IN FUTURISTIC BIOTECHNOLOGY
Authors: Maji Anupama , Rout Dr. Prafulla Chandra , Hossian Dr. Shaikh N.
Published: June 2024

DNA extraction from bone samples is greatly useful for forensic applications but it is more difficult to be conducted compared with extracting DNA from other tissues due to rigid structure of the bones and contamination from the environment, such as, bacteria colonization with bone tissues. DNA can be isolated from a variety of human bone samples sources. Human identification techniques are constantly developing. Before the discovery of DNA, anthropology accompanied with odontology was the most applicable technique for human identification with the new era of molecular biology and the revolution of DNA and PCR technique, DNA profiling has become the core of the human forensic identification process. Different types of samples can be exploit in forensic DNA analysis. In some extreme cases, bone samples are the only accessible samples of DNA due to the bad conditions of putrefaction or degradation of other biological materials and tissues. Two extraction methods were compared, the standard organic (Phenolic: Chloroform: Isoamyl alcohol) and automated extraction using magnetic beads coated with silica.
NOSOCOMIAL INFECTION AND CONTROL MEASURES
Authors: Krishnaveni Dr. R. , Begam N. Najma , Harini S. , Lavanya S. , Rajeshwari R. Raja
Published: June 2024

The hospital acquired infections otherwise called Nosocomial infection. It occurs in hospital or other healthcare or other healthcare facilities. It occurs in hospital, nursing home, outpatient clinic or other. The contaminant equipment, bed lines or air droplet spread infection.
BIOSURFACTANTS: A NEW PHARMACEUTICAL ADDITIVE FOR SOLUBILITYENHANCEMENT IN PHARMACEUTICAL AND COSMETIC INDUSTRY
Authors: Bhadoriya Mr. Sandeep Singh , Jain Dr. Sachin Kumar , Wadagbalkar Dr. Prashant
Published: June 2024

Biosurfactants are structurally diverse group of surface-active substances produced by microorganisms. At present, biosurfactants have gained importance in the pharmaceutical, biosmedical, cosmetic and food industry, with a high added value, are still developing. Surfactants have numerous uses in pharmaceuticals, for solubilization of hydrophobic drugs in aqueous media, as components of emulsion or surfactant self-assembly vehicles for oral and transdermal drug delivery, as plasticizers in semisolid delivery systems, and agents to improve drug absorption and as penetration enhancer. Many pharmaceuticalgrade surfactants consist of saccharide- or polyol-fatty acid esters or fatty alcohol ethers that are biosurfactant. This article describes classical and new biosurfactants’ producing bacteria along with their significant role as pharmaceutical & cosmetic additives an in development of pharmaceuticals and Cosmetics, and to encourage its use in solubility or bioavailability enhancement of poorly soluble drugs.
EXPLORING INTEGRATION AND EFFECTS OF ADVANCED MICROENCAPSULATED PHASE CHANGE MATERIALS (AMIC-PCMS) IN CONSTRUCTION FOR ENHANCED THERMAL PERFORMANCE AND ENERGY EFFICIENCY
Authors: Singh Aditya Pratap
Published: June 2024

Phase Change Materials (PCMs) are a transformative technology revolutionizing construction, enhancing energy efficiency and thermal performance. PCMs, functioning as "thermal batteries" by absorbing and releasing thermal energy during phase transitions, store heat during warmth and release it as temperatures drop. This paper investigates PCM applications, selection criteria, integration methods, and classifications in construction. Integrated into materials like concrete and insulation, PCMs offer benefits such as enhanced energy efficiency, thermal comfort, passive cooling/heating, and reduced peak energy demand. Addressing construction's high energy consumption and environmental impact, PCM integration curtails energy use, fostering sustainability. Diverse integration approaches, including PCM-enhanced insulation and HVAC systems, cater to varied designs, climates, and energy requirements. PCM selection hinges on thermodynamics, chemical properties, accessibility, affordability, and kinetics. Categorized as organic, inorganic, and eutectic based on phase transitions, PCM selection is vital for optimal performance. Investigating the influence of Advanced Microencapsulated Phase Change Material (AMIC-PCM) on mortar, this study examines its effects on workability, density, and mechanical properties. AMIC-PCM's fine nature reduces workability, necessitating superplasticizers. It diminishes density and weakens compressive/flexural strength due to lower intrinsic strength. AMIC-PCM-incorporated mortar's thermal properties reveal intriguing trends in thermal conductivity and heat capacity. Small AMIC-PCM doses enhance properties through void filling, while larger doses lower thermal conductivity due to ingredient replacement. AMIC-PCM's thermal stability and characterization highlight its potential in construction materials. PCM integration in construction provides energy-efficient, sustainable solutions. PCM selection, integration, and material effects are vital for optimization. Study results underscore the significance of meticulous dosing and balance to achieve desired thermal attributes while preserving structural integrity.
REVIEW AND ANALYSIS OF WATER HYACINTHS AND THEIR ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT
Authors: Prabhakaran Dr. G. , Lakshmi R. Venkada , Brindha S. , Reshma P. D.
Published: June 2024

Water hyacinth, also known as Eichhornia crassipes, is an aquatic plant that is indigenous to the Amazon basin and is frequently a very troublesome invasive species outside of its natural region. Water hyacinth growth is increasing at a rapid rate day after day, making management extremely difficult. According to observation, it is evident that water hyacinth is actually applied and beneficial in a variety of sectors, but no one has been able to investigate its negative effects on the environment. Numerous studies have been done on this, but it is still unclear how they will affect the ecosystem. This essay only reviews water hyacinth from a new angle.
LIVING CONCRETE AS A LOW CARBON DESIGNER: A FUTURE OF SUSTAINABLE CONSTRUCTION PRACTICES
Authors: Sameena Dr. Y. , Raji Dr. A.
Published: June 2024

It is well known that the key component of the modern world is ‘Cement’. But the Cement production and its composite ‘Concrete’ formation result into the emission of around 8% carbon dioxide to the environment. There is a need to invest in reducing the catastrophic effect of carbon emission and the best way is to develop sustainable construction practices. The present chapter deals with a concept of developing concrete that is live and grow to reduce the environmental effect of the construction sectors. This chapter suggests the need of ‘Living Concrete’ as a low carbon designer for developing sustainable construction practices in the near future.
SUBGRADE SOIL STABILIZATION WITH GEOSYNTHETICS
Authors: Madhavi Soumya R , Kulkarni Gopal Rao , Nair Divya , H A Ajay
Published: June 2024

Subgrade soil stabilization is the process of improving soil properties to develop shear strength, durability, and fill the interparticle space, etc. Geotextile reinforcement is better than other methods of soil reinforcement. These are synthetic and non-biodegradable materials. They are more flexible than metal strips and therefore compatible to fix the deformability of the soil. In addition to shear resistance enhancement, they also improve ductility unlike additives. They are cheap and take less time. They can be used for different applications such as separation, reinforcement, drainage and filtration. Geotextiles are an emerging field in civil engineering and also have huge potential in several applications. Geotextiles play an important role in modern pavement design. Due to its multifunctional features it is widely used in most of the geotechnical applications. This article reviews the work of various researchers on soil stabilization and the use of geo-synthetic materials to improve soil strength.
APPLICATIONS OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN THE AVIATION INDUSTRY
Authors: Agarwal Anmol
Published: June 2024

The future can now be predicted sophisticatedly by using Artificial Intelligence. Real-time complexities are not cumbersome anymore. Inculcation of Artificial Intelligence using a set of Defined algorithms paves the way for better solutions, making the procedure "time efficient."Machine Learning, Deep Learning, and Natural Language processing come under one Umbrella. A Lot of data can now be stored and processed intelligently, which shows a macro-level impact. Many artificial intelligence specialists suggest that the growth of artificial Intelligence will be exponential. Artificial Intelligence has already scattered many jobs, mainly white-collar jobs. A typical task such as graphic design can now be done efficiently with the help of artificial intelligence tools. This technology improves daily; it learns, trains employees, and works for even bigger purposes. Integrating advanced Artificial Intelligence Systems in IOT devices is a great example to learn from. Artificial Intelligence is ultimately a game changer. Digitalization drives artificial Intelligence.
CHICKEN SWARM OPTIMIZED DEEP LEARNING NEURAL NETWORK CLASSIFIER FOR CYCLONE PREDICTION
Authors: Raji S. , Krishna Priya A. T. R. , Anuja R. , Madhivadhani D.
Published: June 2024

Predicting wind speed with high accuracy and reliability has become difficult for weather forecasters. Over the years, a number of forecasting methodologies have been introduced for precise forecasting of wind speed and combating the ambiguity of variation. To deal with this, we created a Convolution Neural Network (CNN)-based deep learning (DL) tropical cyclone (TC) intensity forecasting system. This research proposes an adaptive K-means image segmentation method that produces accurate results for segmentation with straightforward operation and does not require interactive K value input. Applying the gray level co-occurrence matrix (GLCM), characteristics are retrieved from the segmented images. An algorithm known as chicken swarm optimization (CSO) has been proposed and it has a high operational efficiency and quick convergence speed. The combination of DL and parameter optimizer employed by the described CSO-DL model is used to predict the cyclone. The experimental findings shows that the CNN classifiers achieves the greatest testing and training accuracy of 94.7% and 95.2% respectively. The development of this model can serve as a helpful benchmark for studies on cyclone prediction.
TRIAXIAL STAR
Authors: Parui Ramen Kumar
Published: June 2024

The idea of a “Triaxial Star” first proposed by Chandrasekhar in 1969. More than 50 years passed, the detection of triaxial star remains unreachable. Detection of gravitational waves would be a probe to the astronomers to investigate the properties of the compact objects in a new direction in the light of gravitational waves. Recent discovery of cosmic baby , i.e., swift J1818.0-1607 with age ~ 300 years, offers the astronomers an opportunity , through continuous observations, to increase our knowledge about the physics of the evolution of a magnetar from its new born phase to end stage, generation of ultra-strong magnetic field in its interior, source of continuous gravitational waves, physics of coupling between magnetic field decay and cooling for keeping the internal temperature ~ 108 K for a period of ~ 104 years, , etc. Cosmic Baby most probably the first detected Triaxial star.
INTRODUCTION TO INTERNET TECHNOLOGY
Authors: R Poornima Dr , Gayathri Dr. C. , Vasanthi Dr. P. , Jeyachitra Dr. M.
Published: June 2024

A common set of protocols is used by the computers that make up the Internet to communicate with one another. The Internet has developed into a significant communication tool that enables people to engage regardless of their location or distance from one another thanks to the millions of computers that are currently connected to it. A collection of technologies, from browsers to network protocols, are related to the Internet and were created to facilitate its use. An outline of network standards and the ISO seven-layer network model are used to explain the structure of the Internet. Next, TCP/IP is explained, along with how packets are routed via routers and how Internet addressing is used. This results in an explanation of the Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) and the World Wide Web (WWW). After that, the use of Internet technology is discussed along with how the Internet is expanding in terms of both size and usage as well as potential future applications.
ALMOND SHELL ACTIVATED CARBON- PERFORMANCE OF PEROVSKITE SOLAR CELLS
Authors: Sakthivel Dr. R. , Abinaya S. , Geetha Dr. A.
Published: June 2024

Activated carbon made from almond shells can be used as a material in perovskite solar cells to improve the efficiency and stability of the cells. The performance of the perovskite solar cells can be improved using almond shell activated carbon by adsorbing the impurities present in the precursor solutions which may otherwise lead to defects in the perovskite film, thus increasing the lifespan of the solar cell. The actual lifespan of the solar cell is dependent on various factors such as the environment, temperature, and the quality of the perovskite materials used. Halide perovskite is a family of materials that has the potential to produce solar cells with high performance and low cost. Gold (Au), a costly element, is used as the counter electrode (Ce) in perovskite for the best conversion of light energy into electricity. The best replacement materials often consist of almond shell, comparing the work function testing with the materials of almond shell and gold comes close. Consequently, the impacts of particle size and lifetime of an electrode made of almond shell on perovskite performance will be examined in this study. Almond shell activated carbon is a low-cost alternative to the traditional activated carbon made from coconut shells and coal. It has a high adsorption capacity for pollutants such as volatile organic compounds (VOCs), pesticides, and other harmful chemicals. It can be used in various applications such as air and water purification, food and beverage processing, and industrial chemical processing.
“ROLES OF A TEACHER IN A BLENDED LEARNING ENVIRONMENT”
Authors: Pradhan Dr. Bhawna Abhishek , Pawle Dr. Anjali
Published: June 2024

This is study is based on secondary data on topic 'Roles of a teacher in a blended learning environment'. In this study we will know the role of a teacher like advisor, facilitator, motivator and a counselor. In this study we will also know the different kind of blended learning and merit and demerits of this method. A teacher plays different and important role in his or her teaching profession, teacher should update according to time.
ABSORPTION COEFFICIENT CALCULATION OF POTASSIUM CHROMATE (K2CRO4) SOLUTION
Authors: Semwal Dr. Harikrishna , Bhatt Professor Subhash Chandra
Published: June 2024

The concentration and absorption coefficient of potassium chromate (k2CrO4) were plotted on a graph along with wavelength and absorbance using a double-beam UV/VIS spectrophotometer to analyze the absorption spectrum. Utilizing a cuvette containing concentrated potassium chromate and distilled water as a reference, absorbance was measured at various wavelengths. Sample cell contains .207 moles per liter the amount of potassium chromate as measured at 626 nm in wavelength.
DISPERSION MANAGEMENT IN OPTICAL FIBER
Authors: Babita Ms. , Priyanka Ms. , Sonia Ms. , Meenakshi Ms.
Published: June 2024

Optical fibers are made of glass or plastic and are incredibly thin, are typically employed to transfer signals in the form of light. Broadband services have seen the most improvement thanks to optical fiber because it offers the fastest data transmission speed in long-distance communication. Dispersion is a significant problem in fiber optic communication systems which reduce the performance quality of the sent signal by broadening the signal resulting in pulse distortion, which enhances the rate of bit errors and signal degradation. Another limitation of an optical fiber network is its channel capacity. This book chapter gives a brief idea about optical fiber .Detailed overview of dispersion and work related to dispersion management in optical communication link will also be discussed in this chapter. To prevent the chromatic dispersion of optical elements, dispersion correction is utilized. Avoiding excessive pulse temporal broadening or signal distortion can help you achieve this goal. For fiber optic connections, correction for dispersion is a crucial concern. Therefore, before detecting the signal, the dispersion must be compensated. Here in this chapter we give a brief idea about dispersion management in an optical fiber.
ENHANCED NONLINEAR PONDEROMOTIVE FORCE BY BEATING OF TWO COPROPAGATING SUPER-GAUSSIANLASER BEAMS IN NANOCLUSTERED PLASMA
Authors: Mishra S P , Kumar Arvind , Kumar Asheel , Varma Ashish
Published: June 2024

In this chapter, we have formulated the nonlinear ponder motive force by beating of two high power super-Gaussian laser beam in plasma embedded with nanoclustered medium. The co propagating laser beam with slight difference frequency generates the beat wave. As the lasers beat wave interact with cluster, it is ionised and converts into plasma plume balls. The electron clouds of nanoclustered plasma attain oscillatory velocity. The imparted oscillatory velocity causes the nonlinear ponder motive force. The effective surface Plasmon’s frequency resonantly enhanced the nonlinear process. This force is controlled and tuned by laser beam super-Gaussian index, electron-neutral collision frequency, laser beat wave frequency and beam width. Nonlinear ponder motive force is an important term in nonlinear process such as electron heating, parametric instability and harmonic generation.
Efektivitas Music Therapy dalam Mengatasi Stres pada Remaja
Authors: Iswandi Firenia Aprilaniki , Hamama Dian , Fanesha Rizkiqa Tria , Aulia Prima
Published: June 2024

Stress is a common experience among individuals, including adolescents who face academic, social, and emotional pressures. Excessive stress negatively impacts their physical and mental well-being as well as academic performance. Music therapy has been recognized as a potential intervention to reduce stress. This experimental study used a one-group pretest-posttest design. The subjects were 9 adolescents aged 15-18 years from West Sumatra who were experiencing stress. The intervention involved four sessions of music therapy over a period of time. Stress levels were measured using the modified Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10) before and after the intervention. Data were analyzed using the Paired Sample T-test. The results indicated a significant reduction in stress levels among 8 out of 9 subjects after the music therapy intervention, with a p-value of 0.002, indicating a significant difference between pre-test and post-test scores. Music therapy is effective in significantly reducing stress levels in adolescents. The findings support the use of music therapy as a beneficial intervention for managing stress in this age group.
Anemia Due to Low-Iron Affects Cognitive Capacity of Adolescent Girls Schooling in Secondary Schools in Sokoto, Nigeria
Authors: Miya Yusuf Yahaya , Butuwo Thomas Murma , A. Abdullateef Abdullahi , Ukwak Blessing Godwin
Published: June 2024

Anemia is a problem occurring due to poor iron intake or hereditary sickle cells threating public health in many adolescents and adults. Anemia is able to affect cognitive ability of people especially adolescents (youngsters). This study evaluates the effect of iron-deficiency anemia and sickle cell anemia on cognition of some adolescents schooling girls from Sokoto, Nigeria. The study consisted of recruitment of 80 girls (40 normal, and 40 anemic) subjected to Montreal Cognitive Assessment. 10 girls diagnosed with sickle cell anemia and 25 normal girls were assessed with Montreal cognitive assessment. The mean marks of the respondents were noted; therewith, chi-square test revealed significant difference at (p<0.05). The anemic girls earned less mean marks (400.0 ± 13.0) compared to the normal girls (960.0 ± 25.0). The healthy participants in the study scored higher marks (945.0 ± 10.0) than the sickle cell anemia patients (90.0 ± 3). Therefore, anemia is of the potential to affect cognitive capacity of schooling girls in Sokoto. Nutritional and related interventions are important, because poor cognition may affect education and overall potential of girls to be keys in growth and development of societies.
Advancing Diagnostic Accuracy and Quality of Patient Care Through the Implementation of a Flow Cytometry Quality Assurance Program
Authors: Wang Dylan , Fang Hong , Ok Chi Young , Jorgensen Jeffrey L. , Medeiros L. Jeffrey , Wang Wei , Wang Sa A.
Published: June 2024

Context.—

Flow cytometry immunophenotypic analysis plays an important role in the diagnosis, classification, and disease monitoring of hematologic neoplasms. The interpretation of flow cytometry testing can be challenging.

Objective.—

To explore ways to improve diagnostic accuracy and in turn enhance the quality of patient care.

Design.—

A flow cytometry quality assurance (QA) program was developed. Cases from various complex flow cytometry panels were randomly selected and cross-reviewed. The outcomes of the QA review were categorized into 3 groups: complete agreement, minor discrepancy, and major discrepancy. Each discrepancy underwent a process of documentation, discussion, and resolution. Here we summarize our 3 years of experience with this program.

Results.—

In total, 6166 cases were evaluated; 6028 cases (97.7%) showed complete concordance, 120 cases (2.0%) showed minor discrepancies, and 18 cases (0.3%) showed major discrepancies. Among the top 5 panels evaluated, the panel evaluating mature T-cell abnormalities showed the highest rate of discrepancy, whereas the panel for evaluation of myelodysplastic syndromes showed the lowest discrepancy rate. When analyzing the trends of concordance and discrepancy over time, we observed a statistically significant decrease in discrepancy rate over time, from 4% at the beginning of the 6-month period to 1.5% in the final 6-month period.

Conclusions.—

The overall concordance rate was 97.7%. The remaining 2.3% of cases showed discrepancies that required a correction, underscoring the value and necessity of having a QA program. The overall discrepancy rates exhibited a gradual decline over time, indicative of the positive impact of the QA program on enhancing diagnostic competency and accuracy over time.
The effect of silver nanoparticles in addition to sodium fluoride on remineralization of artificial root dentin caries
Authors:   , Kongyodsueb Padchara
Published: June 2024

The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the remineralization effect of the silver nanoparticles adjunctively to sodium fluoride varnish compared with other remineralizing agents on artificial root caries. Fifty-five root dentin slices size 5x5 mm were sectioned from extracted human teeth of patients aged 60 years old or more. All specimens were immersed in demineralized solution to create artificial caries. The specimens were randomly allocate into five groups according to the remineralizing agents: silver diamine fluoride, silver nanoparticles solution, silver nanoparticle solution followed by the application of sodium fluoride varnish, sodium fluoride varnish and tap water. After 8 days of pH cycling challenge, the microhardness test and lesion depth evaluation were performed. Data were analyzed using F-test One-way ANOVA following by Tukey’s post hoc test and paired T-test. All test groups demonstrated a significantly higher microhardness value and lower lesion depth compared to control group. Despite, no significant difference in lesion depth and microhardness, both silver nanoparticle solution additionally to sodium fluoride varnish and sodium fluoride varnish showed lower efficacy to silver diamine fluoride. Based on the finding of this in vitro study, either silver nanoparticle or sodium fluoride varnish solely remineralize such artificial root caries lesions, yet inferior to SDF.
ปัญหาทางกฎหมายการประกอบกิจการค้าของเก่าตามพระราชบัญญัติควบคุมการขายทอดตลาดและค้าของเก่า พุทธศักราช 2474
Authors:   , เศวตะดุล ณัฐพร
Published: June 2024

วิทยานิพนธ์ฉบับนี้มุ่งศึกษาถึงปัญหาของมาตรการทางกฎหมายในการควบคุมกิจการค้าของเก่าตามพระราชบัญญัติควบคุมการขายทอดตลาดและค้าของเก่า พุทธศักราช 2474 โดยได้นำแนวคิดที่เกี่ยวข้อง และมาตรการทางกฎหมายของต่างประเทศมาศึกษาเปรียบเทียบ  เพื่อเป็นข้อมูลสำหรับการแก้ไขกฎหมายในเรื่องการควบคุมกิจการค้าของเก่าให้มีประสิทธิภาพสามารถรองรับรูปแบบในการประกอบกิจการทั้งในปัจจุบันและอนาคตได้อย่างมีประสิทธิภาพ  
จากการศึกษาพบว่า ในการประกอบกิจการค้าของเก่ามีประเด็นที่เป็นปัญหาหลัก ได้แก่ การวางหลักการและกรอบความคิดเบื้องต้นของกฎหมายที่ไม่ชัดเจน กฎหมายไม่สามารถที่จะรองรับรูปแบบใหม่ ๆ ของการประกอบกิจการได้ ปัญหาที่เกิดขึ้นกับใบอนุญาต และความซ้ำซ้อนหรือไม่สอดคล้องกับกฎหมายอื่น ทำให้มาตรการทางกฎหมายที่ใช้ในปัจจุบันจึงไม่สอดคล้องกับสภาพสังคมและเป็นอุปสรรคต่อการประกอบอาชีพ ซึ่งเป็นการสร้างภาระแก่ประชาชน
ผู้เขียนจึงเสนอแนวทางในการแก้ไขกฎหมายฉบับนี้เสียใหม่ โดยในส่วนแรกควรเปลี่ยนการใช้คำว่า “ของเก่า” เป็น “สินค้ามือสอง” และต้องกำหนดหลักการและกรอบความคิดเบื้องต้นของกฎหมายมีความชัดเจนมากขึ้น อีกทั้ง ควรมีการกำหนดนิยามของร้านค้าเพื่อเป็นการแก้ปัญหาในเรื่องรูปแบบการประกอบกิจการในปัจจุบัน รวมถึงปรับปรุงมาตรการที่เกี่ยวกับใบอนุญาตและข้อกำหนดอื่นที่ทำให้เกิดความซ้ำซ้อนหรือไม่สอดคล้องกับกฎหมายอื่นที่เกี่ยวข้องกัน เพื่อให้มาตรการในการควบคุมกิจการค้าของเก่ามีความทันสมัยและมีประสิทธิภาพมากยิ่งขึ้น
Asentamientos informales, percepción del riesgo y política de relocalización
Authors: Senise Florencia , López Isabel
Published: June 2024

Una población vulnerable expuesta a inundaciones ¿percibe los efectos negativos del riesgo que enfrenta? ¿Los asimila como una cuestión natural por el desconocimiento de las dinámicas del arroyo, las lluvias y el territorio que ocupa? ¿Percibe la situación, pero elije exponerse al peligro para acceder a suelo urbano? Estas preguntas son las que intenta abordar el presente artículo que discute el concepto de percepción del riesgo a partir de analizar el comportamiento de una población que -por acción u omisión- ha dado respuesta a la inundación del 2 de abril de 2013 en la ciudad de La Plata. Se trata de los vecinos que residen en un asentamiento informal de Ringuelet quienes, a partir de obras hidráulicas llevadas a cabo en el Arroyo del Gato, tuvieron que ser relocalizados aguas abajo de su localización previa.
El estudio se realiza mediante entrevistas semiestructuradas que exploran múltiples miradas: la de los actores estatales, académicos y comunitarios, indagando en sus "representaciones sociales" sobre la inundación. A partir de allí, se responden las preguntas iniciales lo que permitirá replicarlas en otros asentamientos informales en riesgo de inundación, para conocer el estado de situación y colaborar en la toma de decisiones de gestión del riesgo.
Estrategias residenciales y modos de vida de hogares de sectores medios localizados en urbanizaciones abiertas del Área Metropolitana Santa Fe (2010-2020)
Authors: Carné Martín
Published: June 2024

La investigación explora las estrategias residenciales y los modos de vida de hogares de sectores medios que adquirieron suelo y edificaron vivienda en desarrollos urbanísticos de baja densidad producidos entre 2007 y 2020 en la localidad de Arroyo Leyes -conurbada con la ciudad de Santa Fe-. La evidencia obtenida entrevistando a sus jefes/as confirma que, mayoritariamente, los hogares, en presencia de oportunidades habitacionales asequibles, priorizan acceder a la vivienda en propiedad resignando centralidades urbanas, servicios y equipamiento colectivo y cercanías con vínculos familiares, configurándose a partir de allí modos de vida atravesados por complejos circuitos de movilidad que no se agotan en desplazamientos pendulares vivienda-trabajo-vivienda sino que suponen, a diario, un uso intensivo de la ciudad central para realizar tareas de aprovisionamiento, cuidado, estudio, esparcimiento, entre otras. Se dan así condiciones que delinean un territorio de “techos sin lugares”, de nuevas “ciudades dormitorio” que obstaculizan el arraigo de estos hogares y contribuyen a que mantengan en su horizonte de trayectoria residencial el retorno a la ciudad central, incluso como inquilinos.