bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Treatment of Acute Appendicitis in Geriatric Patients – Literature Review
Authors: Kot Anna , Kenig Jakub , Wałęga Piotr
Published: July 2016

Demographic changes associated with the aging population mean that surgeons increasingly have contact and make decisions about treating patients from the oldest age groups.

The aim of the study was to review the literature concerning the treatment of acute appendicitis in patients over the age of 60 years old.

Material and methods. A review of the literature published in the years 2000-2015 has been carried out using the PubMed database. The initial number of results corresponding to the query in English, „appendicitis (MeSH) AND elderly (MeSH)” was 260. Selection based on the titles, abstracts, and eventually whole articles, ultimately resulted in 11 papers concerning the treatment of appendicitis in patients above 60 years of age.

Results. Nine papers were retrospective and 2 were prospective. In total, the studies included 82,852 patients. Laparoscopic appendectomy was associated with a lower mortality rate, a smaller number of postoperative complications and a shorter length of hospital stay, which led to it being recommended by most authors. Four of the ten papers demonstrated that the patients who were qualified for laparoscopic surgery had less comorbidity and were in a lower ASA (American Society of Anaesthesiology) category. Antibiotic therapy as an independent method was assessed in one study in a group of elderly people, on a selected group of 26 patients, and its effectiveness was shown to be 70%. Most studies, however, are highly heterogeneous which significantly hindered comparisons.

Conclusions. Currently, laparoscopic appendectomy seems to be the treatment of choice in the elderly with acute appendicitis. Antibiotic therapy, as an independent method of treatment of acute appendicitis, cannot currently be recommended. However, further, prospective, and better-designed studies are needed, involving a larger number of patients, and primarily dedicated to the elderly.
Long-Term Results of Incisional Hernia Repair with Concomitant Abdominoplasty in Postbariatric Patients
Authors: Iljin Aleksandra , Antoszewski Bogusław , Durczyński Adam , Lewandowicz Edward , Strzelczyk Janusz
Published: July 2016

The aim of the study was evaluation of long-term results after simultaneous incisional hernia repair and abdominoplasty in patients following RYGB (Roux-en-Y Gastric By-pass) and estimation of quality of life before and after this complex operation.

Material and methods. We analyzed long-term results in 18 patients who underwent complex anterior abdominal wall surgery after massive weight loss, following previous RYGB. The patients were followed-up for at least 8 years. We compared the quality of life before and after hernia repair combined with abdominoplasty.

Results. Observed wide postoperative scar in 4 persons, permanent dysesthesia in one, and flaccidity of the anterior abdominal wall in three cases. Estimation of the quality of life revealed significant improvement in functional, aesthetic and psychological aspects after complex surgery.

Conclusions. 1. Simultaneous incisional hernia repair and abdominoplasty resulted in satisfactory long-term postoperative results, which confirms the efficiency of complex anterior abdominal wall surgery in patients following RYGB after massive weight loss. 2. Surgery in patients afflicted with disfigurements of the anterior abdominal wall contributed to significant improvement in their life quality in functional, aesthetic and psychological aspects, as compared with preoperative estimations. 3. All persons confirmed positive influence of abdominal wall surgery on their possibility to take challenges in life, and fulfill plans. 4. Surgery of the anterior abdominal wall deformities, if needed after massive weight loss, should become an integral part of complex multidisciplinary treatment in postbariatric individuals.
Evaluation of the Surgical Treatment for Congenital Blepharoptosis Using Mustarde’s Modified Method
Authors: Iljin Aleksandra , Zieliński Andrzej , Lewandowicz Edward , Antoszewski Bogusław , Zieliński Tomasz
Published: July 2016

The aim of the study was evaluation of the results of surgical treatment of congenital blepharoptosis (CBP) using Mustarde’s modified method.

Material and methods. Between 2005-2014 forty eight children with CBP underwent surgical correction of CBP by Mustarde’s modified method. Basing on the results of ophthalmic and orthoptic examination, and standard measurements, we estimated postoperative difference in the position and symmetry of the upper eyelids, and postoperative complications in our patients.

Results. Very good results were obtained in all cases with mild, in 89.5% with moderate, and in 85.7% with severe unilateral CBP after correction by Mustarde’s modified method. Lagophthalmos was seen in 6.25%, and undercorrection in 12.5% of cases.

Conclusions. 1. Mustarde’s modified method allows for obtaining very good functional and aesthetic results in CBP patients. 2. Mustarde’s modified method is a valuable supplemental surgical technique in CBP, and contributes to a low rate and small range of lagophthalmos.
On the Privacy Implications of Location Semantics
Authors: Ağır Berker , Huguenin Kévin , Hengartner Urs , Hubaux Jean-Pierre
Published: July 2016

Mobile users increasingly make use of location-based online services enabled by localization systems. Not only do they share their locations to obtain contextual services in return (e.g., ‘nearest restaurant’), but they also share, with their friends, information about the venues (e.g., the type, such as a restaurant or a cinema) they visit. This introduces an additional dimension to the threat to location privacy: location semantics, combined with location information, can be used to improve location inference by learning and exploiting patterns at the semantic level (e.g., people go to cinemas after going to restaurants). Conversely, the type of the venue a user visits can be inferred, which also threatens her semantic location privacy. In this paper, we formalize this problem and analyze the effect of venue-type information on location privacy. We introduce inference models that consider location semantics and semantic privacy-protection mechanisms and evaluate them by using datasets of semantic check-ins from Foursquare, totaling more than a thousand users in six large cities. Our experimental results show that there is a significant risk for users’ semantic location privacy and that semantic information improves inference of user locations.
Tales from the Dark Side: Privacy Dark Strategies and Privacy Dark Patterns
Authors: Bösch Christoph , Erb Benjamin , Kargl Frank , Kopp Henning , Pfattheicher Stefan
Published: July 2016

Privacy strategies and privacy patterns are fundamental concepts of the privacy-by-design engineering approach. While they support a privacy-aware development process for IT systems, the concepts used by malicious, privacy-threatening parties are generally less understood and known. We argue that understanding the “dark side”, namely how personal data is abused, is of equal importance. In this paper, we introduce the concept of privacy dark strategies and privacy dark patterns and present a framework that collects, documents, and analyzes such malicious concepts. In addition, we investigate from a psychological perspective why privacy dark strategies are effective. The resulting framework allows for a better understanding of these dark concepts, fosters awareness, and supports the development of countermeasures. We aim to contribute to an easier detection and successive removal of such approaches from the Internet to the benefit of its users.
Efficient Verifiable Range and Closest Point Queries in Zero-Knowledge
Authors: Ghosh Esha , Ohrimenko Olga , Tamassia Roberto
Published: July 2016

We present an efficient method for answering one-dimensional range and closest-point queries in a verifiable and privacy-preserving manner. We consider a model where a data owner outsources a dataset of key-value pairs to a server, who answers range and closest-point queries issued by a client and provides proofs of the answers. The client verifies the correctness of the answers while learning nothing about the dataset besides the answers to the current and previous queries. Our work yields for the first time a zero-knowledge privacy assurance to authenticated range and closest-point queries. Previous work leaked the size of the dataset and used an inefficient proof protocol. Our construction is based on hierarchical identity-based encryption. We prove its security and analyze its efficiency both theoretically and with experiments on synthetic and real data (Enron email and Boston taxi datasets).
Selfrando: Securing the Tor Browser against De-anonymization Exploits
Authors: Conti Mauro , Crane Stephen , Frassetto Tommaso , Homescu Andrei , Koppen Georg , Larsen Per , Liebchen Christopher , Perry Mike , Sadeghi Ahmad-Reza
Published: July 2016

Tor is a well-known anonymous communication system used by millions of users, including journalists and civil rights activists all over the world. The Tor Browser gives non-technical users an easy way to access the Tor Network. However, many government organizations are actively trying to compromise Tor not only in regions with repressive regimes but also in the free world, as the recent FBI incidents clearly demonstrate. Exploiting software vulnerabilities in general, and browser vulnerabilities in particular, constitutes a clear and present threat to the Tor software. The Tor Browser shares a large part of its attack surface with the Firefox browser. Therefore, Firefox vulnerabilities (even patched ones) are highly valuable to attackers trying to monitor users of the Tor Browser.

In this paper, we present selfrando-an enhanced and practical load-time randomization technique for the Tor Browser that defends against exploits, such as the one FBI allegedly used against Tor users. Our solution significantly improves security over standard address space layout randomization (ASLR) techniques currently used by Firefox and other mainstream browsers. Moreover, we collaborated closely with the Tor Project to ensure that selfrando is fully compatible with AddressSanitizer (ASan), a compiler feature to detect memory corruption. ASan is used in a hardened version of Tor Browser for test purposes. The Tor Project decided to include our solution in the hardened releases of the Tor Browser, which is currently undergoing field testing.
Emotional health in children and adolescents with cystic fibrosis
Authors: Pop-Jordanova Nada , Demerdzieva Aneta
Published: July 2016

Although modern therapeutic procedures have considerably improved the survival and the quality of life of children with cystic fibrosis, the relevant psychological aspects have been still insufficiently considered similarly to the other chronic diseases.

The aim of this research was to evaluate the emotional health: psychological characteristics and adjustment of CF children and their family coping.

The study comprises 25 CF children, mean age 13.13 ± 2.29 years (23 boys and only 2 girls), selected from total 60 actually treated children for CF. Children were examined in the period of improved health conditions (without superinfection, wheezing or gastrointestinal problems). Obtained results are compared with a control group of 25 healthy children of the same age, selected by random from primary schools.

The psychometric instruments used were: Kohs Design Test, Child Behavior Checklist, Eysenck Personality Questionnaire, General Anxiety Scale, Emotional Profile Index, MMPI-201 and Human Values Test, together with two projective tests of drawing (Machover and Corman).

The unexpected good psychological results obtained from psychometric instruments could be explained by the fact that CF children accept the real situation and express vivacity. However, their deep feelings of fear impose on them high level of self-control and resistance. The results obtained for CBCL presented CF children as immature, with accentuated aggressiveness in interpersonal relations. The most important problem is related to the delay of puberty changes, leading to low self-esteem.

Generally, family members cope relatively well with the disease in children, in spite to discrepancies in mother/child reports for child psychopathology. Divorces also occurred in some families.

Psychological support for both, children and family members are necessary. The need for a holistic approach in the assessment and treatment, including biofeedback techniques was pointed out.
Use of electrospinning to construct biomaterials for peripheral nerve regeneration
Authors: Quan Qi , Chang Biao , Meng Hao Ye , Liu Ruo Xi , Wang Yu , Lu Shi Bi , Peng Jiang , Zhao Qing
Published: July 2016

A number of limitations associated with the use of hollow nerve guidance conduits (NGCs) require further discussion. Most importantly, the functional recovery outcomes after the placement of hollow NGCs are poor even after the successful bridging of peripheral nerve injuries. However, nerve regeneration scaffolds built using electric spinning have several advantages that may improve functional recovery. Thus, the present study summarizes recent developments in this area, including the key cells that are combined with the scaffold and associated with nerve regeneration, the structure and configuration of the electrospinning design (which determines the performance of the electrospinning scaffold), the materials the electrospinning fibers are composed of, and the methods used to control the morphology of a single fiber. Additionally, this study also discusses the processes underlying peripheral nerve regeneration. The primary goals of the present review were to evaluate and consolidate the findings of studies that used scaffolding biomaterials built by electrospinning used for peripheral nerve regeneration support. It is amazing that the field of peripheral nerve regeneration continues to consistently produce such a wide variety of innovative techniques and novel types of equipment, because the introduction of every new process creates an opportunity for advances in materials for nerve repair.
Study of displacements of a bridge abutment using FEM
Authors: Wymysłowski Michał , Kurałowicz Zygmunt
Published: July 2016

Steel sheet piles are often used to support excavations for bridge foundations. When they are left in place in the permanent works, they have the potential to increase foundation bearing capacity and reduce displacements; but their presence is not usually taken into account in foundation design. In this article, the results of finite element analysis of a typical abutment foundation, with and without cover of sheet piles, are presented to demonstrate these effects. The structure described is located over the Więceminka river in the town of Kołobrzeg, Poland. It is a single-span road bridge with reinforced concrete slab.
Implicit persuasion of voters in the 2012 Slovak republic parliamentary elections
Authors: Cíbik Lukáš
Published: July 2016

The aim of the article is to see the degree of implicit position and value correlation between the voters of particular political parties in Slovakia (SMER-SD, SaS, and SDKÚ-DS). The free association method is supposed to reveal implicit purposes of individual political issues, beliefs and values in the eyes of their voters. Social representations, public discourse and implicit purposes objectified and anchored in civil society by the political elites are obtained by the discrete association method. The focus is held on the importance of political discourse for the voters to take note in the decision-making process in the election to the Parliament of the Slovak Republic in 2012.
Polish Preparatory Proceedings in Civil Cases: Written or Oral? Lessons to be Learned from Some Other Jurisdictions
Authors: Piszcz Anna
Published: July 2016

In this paper a description of the model of Polish preparatory proceedings in civil cases will be presented. By looking at foreign examples of preparatory activities in civil cases first, we will be able to discern what potential advantages and disadvantages are associated with the written or oral (spoken) form of preparatory activities of court actors in the first stage of civil proceedings. In the second main part of the paper the author will turn to Polish counterparts of these preparatory activities and their form. The author will also deliberate on where a change is needed. She will also attempt to propose some measures that might be useful in the current condition of Polish civil proceedings.
Wer waren die rumänischen Legionäre?
Authors: Schmitt Oliver Jens
Published: July 2016

Vorspann

Wer vom Faschismus spricht, denkt zumeist an die deutschen Nationalsozialisten oder die Schwarzhemden Benito Mussolinis. Die faschistischen Bewegungen Südosteuropas wie die Pfeilkreuzler in Ungarn oder die Legion „Erzengel Michael“ in Rumänien sind dagegen weitgehend vergessen - ganz zu Unrecht, gehörten sie doch zu den Protagonisten der faschistischen Herausforderung vor 1945. Oliver Jens Schmitt gibt nicht nur einen kurzen Überblick über die Geschichte der rumänischen Faschisten, sondern entwirft auf der Basis bislang kaum genutzter Akten an einem Fallbeispiel ein Sozialprofil der Bewegung in der langen „Kampfzeit“ und in der kurzen Regimephase 1940/41. Damit erhalten die rumänischen Faschisten in der Provinz erstmals ein Gesicht.
Szabályok kiemelése nyelvi és nem nyelvi ingerekből
Authors: Lukics Krisztina Sára , Kemény Ferenc
Published: July 2016

A bemutatott kísérletben a mesterséges nyelvtan paradigma keretében tanulmányoztuk egy egyszerű szabály hangszekvenciákból való kiemelését nyelvi és nem nyelvi ingerkészlet esetén. A kísérletben részt vevő vizsgálati személyeknek egy egyszerű rövid távú emlékezeti feladat keretében kellett nyelvi, illetve nem nyelvi elemekből álló szabályos és szabálytalan hangszekvenciákat hallgatniuk és visszaadniuk. Az eredmények szerint a szabályosságot tartalmazó szekvenciák esetében az emlékezeti terjedelem nagyobb volt a nyelvi ingerkészlet esetén, mint a nem nyelvi esetben. A szabályosságot nem tartalmazó szekvenciáknál azonban nem volt hatással az emlékezeti terjedelemre, hogy az ingerkészlet a nyelvi vagy a nem nyelvi tartományba tartozott-e. Az eredmények alapján hatékonyabb a szabályok kiemelése nyelvi szekvenciákból a mesterséges nyelvtan feladat esetében. A kísérlet eredményei felvetik a nyelvi ingerekben lévő szabályosságokra kiemelten érzékeny implicit-procedurális alrendszerek lehetőségét.
Művészi reklámok dimenzióinak és hatásosságának vizsgálata
Authors: Balázs Katalin , Barkó Mária
Published: July 2016

Háttér és célok

A tanulmány fő célja a művészi reklámok empirikus vizsgálata. Konkrétabban a művészi reklámok, illetve a szakirodalmi források és fogyasztói értékelések alapján feltárt tényezőiknek hatékonyságvizsgálata.

Módszer

Fókuszcsoportos interjúk (N=6) és kérdőíves elővizsgálatok (N=47, illetve N=43) alapozták meg a kérdőíves fővizsgálatot. Az elővizsgálatok célja a fogyasztók által művészinek tekintett reklámingerek gyűjtése és a művészi reklám fogyasztói megítélésével kapcsolatos adatok gyűjtése; a releváns konstruktumok köznyelvi megnevezésének vizsgálata; illetve az ingerszelekció volt. Mindkét kérdőíves vizsgálatban 27 reklámot ítéltek meg a résztvevők. A fővizsgálat online, kérdőíves formában zajlott. A vizsgálati személyek (N=117) 19 reklámot értékeltek hatásosság szempontjából (tetszés, figyelemfelkeltő jelleg, hatásosság), illetve leíró jellemzők mentén (érthetőség, újszerűség, kerativitás, esztétikai érték, művészi jelleg). A fővizsgálatban a reklámok felidézését is vizsgáltuk. A vizsgálati személyek meggyőzési tudatosságát is felmértük.

Eredmények

Az empirikus adatok alapján a művészi reklámok meghatározó hatásdimenziói az újszerűség, az esztétikai érték, ugyanakkor az érthetőségnek is van szerepe a művészi reklámok hatásosságában. Ezekhez képest a kreativitás nem segíti tovább a művészi megítélés előrejelzését. A reklámok művészi jellege, illetve a hatásdimenziók nagyban meghatározzák a hatás mérésére szolgáló tetszés, figyelemfelkeltés és hatásosság megítélését, de a reklámfelidézést nem. Továbbá az adatok alapján a hatásosságot a személy meggyőzési tudatosságának mértéke nem befolyásolja jelentősen.

Konklúzió

Az empirikus adatok támogatják a művészi megjelenítési mód alkalmazását a reklámokban. Ugyanakkor a művészi megítélést döntően meghatározó tényezők a reklám újszerűsége és esztétikai értéke.
GELİŞMEKTE OLAN ÜLKELERDE YARATICI SINIFIN GÖÇ EĞİLİMLERİNE ETKİ EDEN DİNAMİKLER :TÜRKİYE ÖRNEĞİ
Authors: EVREN Gabriela Oana
Published: July 2016

1970`li yıllarından itibaren Bilgi ve İletişim Teknolojilerinde yaşanan hızlı değişim küresel ölçekte üretim biçimlerini etkileyerek Florida (2002) tarafından ‘Yaratıcı Sınıf’ olarak tanımlanan profil olgusunu da beraberinde getirmiştir. Yeni Ekonomi’nin (Castells,2000) güçlü oyuncuları bu değişime hızlı adapte olabilen ve yatırımlarını bu yönde revize eden toplumlar olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Dolayısıyla, özellikle yüksek teknoloji gerektiren ürünlerin üretiminde bir ülkenin rekabet gücü, sahip olduğu yaratıcı sınıfın varlığına bağımlıdır. Bu nedenle Yaratıcı Sınıfın göç eğilimleri ve buna sebep olan sebepler, araştırılması gereken ana alanlardan biri olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, Türkiye’nin uluslararası rekabet ortamındaki konumunda önemli bir role sahip olan ve ‘Yaratıcı Sınıf” (Florida, 2002) tanımına uyan 400 kişilik bir örneklemin demografik bilgileri ve göç tercihlerini etkileyebilecek, bölgesel ve işyerine bağlı değerlendirmeleri analiz edilmiştir. Bulgularımız ‘yüksek tölerans seviyesi’ ve ‘güvenli bir yaşam’ tercihinin ‘daha iyi bir gelir’ ve ‘daha iyi yaşam’ standartlarının yanısıra göç kararını etkilediğini göstermektedir.
Las vacunas y su importancia... un debate innecesario
Authors: Castellanos Jaime E.
Published: July 2016

Editorial
Valoración visual y prácticas sobre cuidado ocular en un grupo de niños y jóvenes en situación de vulnerabilidad
Authors: Cañón Cárdenas Yenifer Zuley , Cortés Hernández Yeimi Yoreli , Rueda Céspedes Alejandra
Published: July 2016

Objetivo. Determinar la condición visual y las prácticas de los niños y jóvenes en situación de vulnerabilidad en relación con el cuidado ocular del programa “ni un niño más en la calle” en el municipio de Facatativá, Colombia. Metodología. Se evaluaron 21 pacientes, a quienes se les hizo una encuesta y tamizaje visual que facilitó crear la propuesta de un plan de promoción y prevención visual. Resultados. El astigmatismo fue el defecto refractivo de mayor prevalencia en ambos ojos, el más frecuente en el sexo masculino (81,3 %), a los 14 años (37,5 %) y en el estrato 1 (68,8 %). En cuanto al diagnóstico, se halló que las cuatro principales afecciones fueron: hiperemia, papilas, nevos y descamación seborreica, más frecuentes en el sexo masculino (67 %, 48 %, 29 % y 19 %, respectivamente) y en las edades de 12 y 14 años (24 % en ambos casos). Con respecto a las prácticas de cuidado, el 66,7 % de la población solo se lava los ojos una o dos veces al día, el 61,9 % no va al centro de salud cuando algo le cae en el ojo, el 100 % no utiliza gafas de sol y el 52,4 % no ha recibido información por parte de un profesional de la salud en el cuidado ocular. Conclusiones. Los niños evaluados manifestaron que recibieron información respecto al cuidado visual y ocular. Es importante sensibilizar a los estudiantes y los profesionales del área de la salud visual y ocular sobre la prevención primaria, ya que se pueden enfrentar con pacientes cuyas características sean similares a las de la población evaluada.
Empirical metod of predicting aviation piston engine noise
Authors: Moshkov P. A.
Published: July 2016

The article suggests an empirical method of predicting noise of aircraft gasoline engines with carburetion used in light and unmanned aviation. The method is based on classical approaches of aeroacoustics to the calculation of environmental noise from different sources. The spectrum of acoustic power is proposed to be obtained on the basis of an empirical model similar to the known M. Khekl҆ model for the calculation of noise of internal combustion piston engines of ground application, but at the same time taking into account the key features of aircraft engines. The calculated and experimental data on integral characteristics of the acoustic field of aviation piston engines are shown to be in good agreement. Experimental data on the noise of aviation piston engines like Ash-62IR, M-14P, ROTAX-912ULS with and without cowling, ROTAX-582UL were obtained during acoustic tests of light propeller aircraft An-2, Yak-18T, MAI-223M, MAI- 890U and MAI-890, respectively, under static conditions at a local aerodrome. At the same time the acoustic field of the piston engine was supposed to be axially symmetrical relative to the crankshaft axis and the noise of the engine was determined by the total radiation at the harmonics of flash recurrence rate in the cylinders.
Algorithms of object identification on the basis of hyperspectral Earth survey data using fuzzy linear regression
Authors: Trukhanov S. V.
Published: July 2016

An approach to solving problems of identifying Earth surface objects on the basis of hyperspectral survey data obtained from space complexes based on the comparison of hyperspectral characteristics of the objects investigated with a set of reference signatures is presented in the paper. Algorithms of object identification with the use of the theory of fuzzy sets are proposed: an identification algorithm based on fuzzy linear regression and an algorithm of consolidation of results of different identification solutions. The fuzzy linear regression algorithm is based on the use of non-symmetrical triangular fuzzy numbers. This approach, used earlier in solving approximation tasks and assessing the unique character of electronic map fragments is now used for the first time for the identification of hyperspectral characteristics. The choice is founded on the fact that fuzzy linear regression makes identification possible in ambiguous conditions. The results of experimental studies of the proposed algorithms based on real hyperpsectral survey data (from spacecraft Resurs-P N1) are presented in the form of 10 images. Identification reliability is shown to increase by 6.1 % as compared with one of the initial algorithms yielding the best solution in the case of consolidating results obtained by using algorithms based on the Euclidean distance similarity measure, the angle similarity measure, as well as fuzzy similarity measures.
High resolution equipment for the future spacecraft «Resource-PM»
Authors: Baklanov A. I. , Blinov V. D. , Gorbunov I. A. , Zabiyakin A. S. , Malakhov I. A.
Published: July 2016

The article describes the equipment for the future spacecraft «Resource-PM». The main technical characteristics of the equipment are presented. The equipment includes an optical system, panchromatic and multispectral optoelectronic converters, a memory unit, a control unit and star sensors. The design specification for the equipment included unprecedented requirements for the resolution, efficiency, sensitivity and accuracy of coordinate referencing. In order to meet the requirements a new large-sized optical system, three types of large-format photo sensors, multichannel interference light filters, a high-speed large-format matrix for the star tracker, new algorithms of digital processing and compression of information, high-speed interfaces of data transmission with fiber-optic components had to be developed The structure of the optical system incorporates a carbon fiber dimension-stable structure, which, combined with lighter mirrors ensured light weight of the objective and high image quality. The equipment makes it possible to survey the Earth surface in panchromatic and eight narrow spectral channels with high spatial resolution.
Analysis of the accuracy of Earth remote sensing satellite angular motion control and track guidance during route observation intervals
Authors: Galkina A. S. , Platoshin I. V.
Published: July 2016

The article deals with problems associated with determining permissible accuracy of Earth remote sensing satellite control over observation intervals taking into account the interaction of optronics and charge-coupled devices with time-delay and integration (CCD TDI). The control accuracy requirements are determined for the condition that the allowable image shift value should not be exceeded. The allowable accuracy is proportional to the time of exposure of a resolution cell which depends on the number of CCD array storage rows and image motion velocity. The discrepancy between the image motion velocity supported by the optronics and the Earth surface scanning velocity depends to a large extent on the satellite control accuracy regarding its angular position and rotation about the centre of mass. Angular motion over observation intervals is formed based on the condition of constant specified longitudinal velocity and zero transverse velocity of image motion relative to the frame centre. The dependence of the frame-centre image shift value on the spacecraft angular motion control system follow-up errors is determined. Based on the obtained relation, an algorithm of determining allowable angular motion follow-up errors is proposed. The angular motion follow-up error influences the accuracy of the optronics optic axis pointing at the central route line. The article gives examples illustrating application of the proposed algorithm as well as assessment of en-route targeting accuracy.
Application of simulation modelling in static tests of space-rocket vehicles
Authors: Grebnev D. N. , Duplihin V. K. , Zuperman J. A. , Aistov A. I. , Kukushkin V. E.
Published: July 2016

The study presents the principles of application of simulation modeling in conducting static tests of aerospace products using the small satellite (SS) Aist-2D as an example. Limitations of static tests that do not allow comprehensive analysis of the stress-strain state of a satellite are discussed. For example, it is not always possible to install sensors for measuring stress in remote locations. Simulation static tests using the finite element method with the use of the finite- element analysis MSC. Patran/Nastran package is proposed as an additional method of analyzing the stress-strain state of a product. The goals and tasks of the simulation tests are formulated and the main stages of the simulation modeling tests are described. To obtain consistent results of simulation modeling tests validation of the finite- element model of a satellite is required. The validation consists in confirming the adequacy of the model by analyzing the stress-strain state of the structure of the satellite. The main advantage of the simulation modeling test is the reduction of the cost of preparing and conducting the static tests. The efficiency of the method was confirmed in conducting the simulation modeling tests of the SS Aist-2D, held in parallel with the static tests of the satellite. Thus, the application of the method of simulation modeling of static tests makes it possible to reduce the costs of static tests, improve the quality of static strength experiments and, consequently, increase the reliability of the satellite.
Optimal control laws of onboard coils for the reduction of angular momentum and damping of angular velocity of nanosatellites and microsatellites with magnetic coils on board
Authors: Lyubimov V. V. , Podkletnova S. V.
Published: July 2016

Obtaining a new optimal law of controlling onboard magnetic coils that would provide reduction of the angular momentum of nanosatellites and microsatellites to a predetermined small value and subsequently maintaining it is discussed in the paper. The study shows that the use of a new time-optimal control law contributes to a significant increase in the high speed performance of the magnetic attitude control system in the tasks of reducing angular momentum of satellites to small values. The problem of satellite angular rate damping in accordance with a reference model a system of three independent linear homogeneous equations is discussed as well. Some numerical results of the application of these laws to the problem of reduction of satellite angular momentum and angular velocity are presented. Advantages and drawbacks of the new time-optimal laws of control of angular momentum of nanosatellites and microsatellites are specified.
Terminal control of aerospace system subhypersonic first stage
Authors: Balakin V. L. , Kovalyov A. V.
Published: July 2016

The problem of forming command control of the subhypersonic first stage of an aerospace system in climb is considered. Passive motion of spacecraft in conditions of maximum atmospheric density disturbance is analyzed. Achieving the prescribed value of the angle of climb is the terminal motion condition. Terminal height is a controlled value. An algorithm of terminal control for the formation of command value of aerodynamic lift coefficient is proposed. The Newton method with one or more iterations at the correction step is used in determining command control. The serviceability and efficiency of the algorithm compensating the influence of variations of atmospheric density on the preset terminal altitude condition of spacecraft motion are analyzed. The results of simulating spacecraft motion with terminal control for maximally rarefied and maximally dense atmosphere are discussed. Possible improvement of the terminal control algorithm is suggested.
Thermal control of spacecraft star sensor attitude control system based on the solution of a coupled thermoelasticity problem
Authors: Tsaplin S. V. , Bolychev S. A.
Published: July 2016

The paper is devoted to the study of thermal control of the platform of star sensors designed for spacecraft attitude control under operating conditions. An optimal platform design with an arrangement of sensing elements is presented. The temperature field and the stress-strain state of the platform under the influence of heat sources is considered taking into account the operation of an air-conditioning system based on a numerical solution of a coupled thermoelasticity problem. The temperature field and the strain fields are calculated using the finite-element method with the help of the ANSYS software package. A finite-element model of the platform is developed on the basis of a geometric 3D model. The steady-state velocity field of the coolant in the platform channels is calculated at first. Then the temperature field of the platform is calculated with account for the coolant dynamics. The strained state of the platform under the influence of heat is calculated on the basis of the calculated temperature field. Angular deviations of the mounting seats of star sensors (2 degrees on the average) are determined as compared with the undeformed state. It is shown that angular deviations of the seats of star sensors do not exceed admissible limit values (5 arc seconds). Proposals for creating a high-precision star sensor position control system with a 1 arc second-accuracy are developed.
Estudo etnobotânico na educação básica
Authors: Silveira Ana Paula da , Farias Carla Cristina
Published: July 2016

Os estudos etnobotânicos relacionados à educação básica, são muito insipientes no Brasil. Este texto procura contribuir para tais estudos e metodologias. O presente texto traz referências históricas da utilização de plantas medicinais para o tratamento de doenças em seres humanos. A segunda parte apresenta-se a pesquisa realizada em uma escola da rede estadual de educação, no município de São José, Santa Catarina. Foi pesquisado um programa governamental, o Programa de Educação Ambiental e Alimentar – AMBIAL, que tem como objetivo melhorar a qualidade de vida de estudantes e seus familiares. Apresentamos o método de pesquisa, os resultados e discussões e, por fim, nossas considerações finais.
Normas escolares: representações dos alunos
Authors: Azevedo Maria Teresa Tavares
Published: July 2016

O artigo apresenta uma caracterização das representações dos alunos sobre os conteúdos e finalidades das regras escolares bem como a compreensão do contributo das mesmas para a socialização dos alunos na escola. O estudo organizou-se em torno dos seguintes aspectos de natureza conceptual: (a) O que entendem os alunos por regras escolares? (b) Em que situações julgam os alunos necessária a existência de regras? e (c) O que pensam os alunos sobre o incumprimento das regras? O estudo contribuirá para a compreensão dos fenómenos de indisciplina ao clarificar as práticas normativas da escola e identificar as práticas dos alunos como geradoras de incumprimento ou violação do normativo escolar. Ao nível das práticas dos professores poderá contribuir para a reflexão e debate em torno das questões da concepção e aplicabilidade dos normativos escolares.
Acerca de cómo entendemos la filosofía de la educación
Authors: Díaz Genis Andrea
Published: July 2016

Este artículo trata de desarrollar la idea de cómo debe entenderse a la Filosofía de la educación en el que se considera, el abigarrado y confuso panorama de la Ciencias de la educación. Termina resaltando la función teórica y práctica de la filosofía como arte de existencia, que “sirve” a una educación emancipadora y enriquecedora del ser humano.
A construção de saberes para uma escola que protege: notas sobre a formação de educadores/as na modalidade de ensino a distância
Authors: Lima (UFSC) Drª. Patrícia de Moraes , Moraes (UFSC) Dndª. Marta Corrêa , Rosa (UFSC) Dndº. Rogério Machado
Published: July 2016

Especialização “A Gestão do Cuidado para uma Escola que Protege”, que teve como intenção instrumentalizar educadores/as e outros atores sociais para construírem projetos de intervenção educacional nas escolas, buscando reconhecê-las como um espaço que integra a Rede de Proteção e Promoção dos Direitos das Crianças e Adolescentes no Brasil. O projeto de formação nasceu da iniciativa conjunta do Núcleo Vida e Cuidado (NUVIC) e do Laboratório de Novas Tecnologias da UFSC (LANTEC) e buscou, através da modalidade EAD (Educação à Distância), disseminar iniciativas de enfrentamento aos cenários de violências nos contextos escolares da Região Sul/Brasil. Esta experiência pedagógica procurou se afastar do mero acúmulo de horas e dias vividos entre mensagens, chats, fóruns e formações presenciais e a distância, para se aproximar de tudo aquilo aí se passou e, ao passar, tramou acontecimentos e experiências. Afecções diversas transitaram por essa formação arquitetada pelo desejo de um núcleo de pesquisa, que, com suas leituras, experiências e intenções ousou propor um desenho/currículo enredando e enredado de/por muitas mãos.
TRAJETÓRIAS TRANSGRESSORAS? JOVENS, EDUCAÇÃO, TRABALHO E COOPERATIVISMO
Authors: Otero Analia Elizabeth
Published: July 2016

Este artigo aborda a relação de jovens entre educação-trabalho, a partir de uma experiência particular, mais especificamente, trata-se de jovens urbanos de setores populares militantes de um movimento social: o Movimiento de Trabajadores Desocupados (doravante MTD-FPDS) de matriz autonomista com assento na zona sul de Buenos Aires. O interesse foi analisar as trajetórias a partir da consideração de uma série de condições peculiares, entre outras, sua inscrição atual em grupos de trabalho de autogestão e seus labores entendidos como contraprestação de programas sociais. Para ele, trabalhei na base de um estudo em curso, direcionado à exploração das dinâmicas de produtividade e práticas sociais no interior do referido movimento, que se realiza a partir de uma perspectiva qualitativa, e tem por objetivo analisar diferentes dimensões das trajetórias dos militantes. Aqui, utilizamos como fonte primária 10 entrevistas semiestruturadas realizadas durante o ano de 2012 com mulheres e homens de 18 a 30 anos de idade. Na análise, reconstruímos peculiaridades de suas trajetórias, considerando etapas anteriores e atuais, além de refletir sobre diferentes aspectos de como opinam e praticam o trabalho e a educação, buscando uma valoração positiva sobre suas experiências presentes.
EDUCAÇÃO INFANTIL E EDUCAÇÃO MATEMÁTICA: IMAGINÁRIO E POSSIBLIDADES DA INFÂNCIA
Authors: Leite Adriana Regina Isler Pereira
Published: July 2016

From the questions about preschool education in its different dimensions and different spaces for performances, we check tensions on the teacher perspective about what and how to do, and from the children perspective, who feel it is time learn, but they still want to play. In this scenario, moments of play and learning intertwine themselves. Mobilized by this problem, this paper assumes the purpose to explore the theme through a resumption of research we have developed; we do not resume polling data here, but we will focus on reflections from what they offer us, because they are not the objects of research reflection in this work, but what they trigger and give us to think. We will have, as theoretical reference, Vygotsky's cultural-historical model, and we will perform connections with Ethnomatematics.
A CONSTRUÇÃO DA IDENTIDADE NA COMUNIDADE REMANESCENTE QUILOMBOLA DO TUCUM-BA
Authors: Eugenio Benedito Gonçalves , Lima Karla Dias de
Published: July 2016

Este artigo busca compreender o processo de construção da identidade da comunidade remanescente quilombola do Tucum, localizada no município de Tanhaçu, que obteve sua certidão de reconhecimento da Fundação Palmares em 13 de dezembro de 2006. Pode-se perceber que essa concessão interferiu no modo de vida da comunidade e que a identidade, que não é fixa ou imutável expressa ainda um processo de construção permanente tendo seus sentidos negociados interna e externamente, quer pelo modo como os sujeitos se apropriam do significado de comunidade quilombola quer pela própria polissemia desse conceito em suas expressões sociais e jurídicas. Outro aspecto analisado na constituição dessa comunidade referiu-se ao papel de destaque de lideranças femininas.
CULTURA DE PARES E CULTURA LÚDICA: BRINCADEIRAS NA ESCOLA
Authors: Nogueira Gabriela Medeiros
Published: July 2016

O artigo apresenta dados de uma pesquisa que teve por objetivo investigar os modos de brincar e as interações entre as crianças nos momentos de brincadeira no pátio da escola. A pesquisa, de perspectiva etnográfica, foi realizada em uma turma do 1º ano do Ensino Fundamental de uma escola da rede municipal em Pelotas (RS), no período de 2008 a 2011, através de observação participante. Entretanto, este artigo prioriza análises e observações realizadas em situações de brincadeiras das crianças no pátio da escola no ano de 2010. Os dados foram registrados com filmagem, fotografias, descritos em diário de campo e analisados a partir da sociologia e antropologia da infância, considerando os estudos de Corsaro (2009; 2011); Sarmento (2003); Brugère (2008); Cohn (2005); Graue e Walsch (2003); entre outros. A descrição das situações apresentadas dá visibilidade à presença de diferentes aspectos da atualidade nas brincadeiras. Esses dados demonstram a intrínseca relação entre a cultura local e o universo infantil, vivenciada através da cultura lúdica na cultura entre pares.
The impact of economic growth on unemployment in South Africa: 1994-2012
Authors: Banda Handson , Ngirande Hlanganipai , Hogwe Fortune
Published: July 2016

One of the most pressing problems facing the South African economy is unemployment, which has been erratic over the past few years. This paper analyzed the impact of economic growth on unemployment, using quarterly South African time series data from 1994-2012. The results of Johansen cointegration reflected that a long run equilibrium or relationship exists among the variables. In ascertaining the effects of macroeconomic variables thus REER, LP, GDP and BUG on unemployment in South Africa, the study utilized vector error correction model (VECM). The results of VECM indicated that GDP, BUG and REER have positive long run impact on unemployment whilst LP negatively impact unemployment. The study resulted in the following policy recommendation: South African government should redirect its spending towards activities that directly and indirectly promote creation of employment and decent jobs, a conducive environment and flexible labor market policies or legislations without impediments to employment creation should be created, and lastly government should prioritize industries that promote labor intensive. All this will help in absorbing large pools of the unemployed population thereby reducing unemployment in South Africa
Climate Change and Watershed Hydrology—Heavier Precipitation Influence on Stormwater Runoff
Authors: Blair Anne , Sanger Denise
Published: July 2016

Stormwater runoff in the USA is a main driver of non-point source pollution and other major problems for urbanizing areas, and runoff effects will be exacerbated by the increased frequency and intensity of heavier storm events that are projected as climate changes. The purpose of this paper is to consider how increased rainfall from storms could influence direct stormwater runoff in urbanizing watersheds. As part of a recent research project in coastal Beaufort County, South Carolina, USA, we applied the Stormwater Runoff Modeling System (SWARM) to model various combinations of development levels and climate change scenarios. SWARM single-event output showed dramatic increases in runoff volume and rate, in some cases almost doubling under moderate climate change scenario and tripling under severe climate change scenario. In all cases, modeled impacts from climate change exceeded those of development. By quantifying stormwater runoff based on climate change scenarios within the context of development, the findings add to the recognition that they must be considered together when projecting changes in watershed hydrology and that climate change effects potentially exceed those of development.
Hedgehog Signalling in the Embryonic Mouse Thymus
Authors: Barbarulo Alessandro , Lau Ching-In , Mengrelis Konstantinos , Ross Susan , Solanki Anisha , Saldaña José , Crompton Tessa
Published: July 2016

T cells develop in the thymus, which provides an essential environment for T cell fate specification, and for the differentiation of multipotent progenitor cells into major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-restricted, non-autoreactive T cells. Here we review the role of the Hedgehog signalling pathway in T cell development, thymic epithelial cell (TEC) development, and thymocyte–TEC cross-talk in the embryonic mouse thymus during the last week of gestation.
Foreword: Pacific Fragments
Authors: Erlanson Daniel
Published: July 2016

Pacific, which is derived from the Latin pac, means peaceful. [...]
Health Seeking Behaviours and Knowledge of Infectious Disease Risks in Western Australian Travellers to Southeast Asian Destinations: An Airport Survey
Authors: Thomson Chloe , Gibbs Robyn , Giele Carolien , Firth Martin , Effler Paul
Published: July 2016

As the number of Australians engaging in short-term international travel increases, so does the opportunity for importing overseas-acquired infectious diseases. This study aimed to determine knowledge of infectious disease risks and pre-travel health advice (PTHA) seeking behaviour among Western Australians travelling to Bali, Indonesia or Thailand. Passengers departing from Perth International Airport were invited to participate in a self-administered survey. The survey determined PTHA seeking behaviour, knowledge of specific disease risks, and expected disease-prevention behaviours abroad. Multivariate regression modelling was used to assess demographic and travel-related factors associated with seeking PTHA. Responses from 1334 travellers were analysed. The proportion correctly identifying specific overseas disease risks ranged from 27% to 98%. High levels of planned disease-preventive behaviours were reported; however only 32% of respondents sought PTHA for their trip, most commonly from friends/family (15%) or a GP (14%). Many travellers (87%) made online travel purchases, but few (8%) used the Internet to source PTHA. WA travellers to Bali and Thailand were unlikely to seek PTHA and knowledge varied regarding infectious disease risks associated with travel. High rates of internet use when planning travel may provide an opportunity for destination-specific health promotion messaging and should be explored.