bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Theatricality and performativity in Glauber Rocha's cinema novo films
Authors: ZUPANOVIC Mario
Published: May 2024

Dans cet article, je réexamine l'esthétique et la poétique de Glauber Rocha, figure de proue du cinéma brésilien moderne, sous l'angle de la théâtralité de ses films du Cinema Novo, depuis Barravento en 1962 jusqu'à Antonio das Mortes en 1969. Rocha a été le fondateur et le cadre théorique du mouvement Cinema Novo avec son manifeste Esthétique de la faim en 1965, et c'est lui qui a envisagé un nouveau contexte postcolonial pour le cinéma brésilien dans les années 60. L'article donnera un aperçu de la manière dont Rocha a utilisé la théâtralité pour souligner le récit révolutionnaire et anticolonial présent dans ses films. Dans Barravento, nous assistons à une rare utilisation négative de la praxis performative traditionnelle et ethnographique de la région brésilienne de Bahia, avec une représentation théâtrale des rituels de capoeira et de candomblé. Dans son film phare, Black God White Devil, le réalisateur met en scène les processions "noires" du mouvement pseudo-religieux des beatos, tout en utilisant la performativité des duels poétiques connus sous le nom de desafios. Enfin, lors de la clôture du Cinema Novo et de la démocratie brésilienne, Rocha a présenté le film Antonio das Mortes, rempli de la théâtralité d'un public interne qui assiste aux duels, aux processions, aux acclamations et aux desafios. Toutes les stratégies employées par Rocha pour concevoir un pouvoir révolutionnaire et sanglant du mouvement Cinema Novo doivent beaucoup à la théâtralité et à la performativité imprimées au cœur de ces trois films.
vv 071 Citation: Paglia C (2022) The protection of reinforced concrete structures: Active and passive systems. J Civil Eng Environ Sci 8(2): 071-075. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.17352/2455-488X.000054 https://dx.doi.org/10.17352/jceesDOI:2455-488XISSN: E N G I N E E R I N G G R O U P Abstract The conservation state, maintenance, repair, and complete restoration of reinforced concrete structures are recurring actions necessary to preserve the built infrastructure. A big issue related to enormous costs aimed at extending the service life of construction systems and addressed to sustainability. In the investigated cases of buildings and civil engineering structures, active and passive protection methods are presented. Both exhibit advantages and disadvantages that need to be accurately studied in order to make a correct and durable choice. Generally, active systems are often used in harsh environmental conditions, where more forms of localized corrosion take place, while passive methods are often utilized where the degradation and the structures are less adversely affected by intense degradation phenomena. Research Article The protection of reinforced concrete structures: Active and passive systems
Authors: Christian Paglia
Published: May 2024

The conservation state, maintenance, repair, and complete restoration of reinforced concrete structures are recurring actions necessary to preserve the built infrastructure. A big issue related to enormous costs aimed at extending the service life of construction systems and addressed to sustainability. In the investigated cases of buildings and civil engineering structures, active and passive protection methods are presented. Both exhibit advantages and disadvantages that need to be accurately studied in order to make a correct and durable choice. Generally, active systems are often used in harsh environmental conditions, where more forms of localized corrosion take place, while passive methods are often utilized where the degradation and the structures are less adversely affected by intense degradation phenomena.
BAF_Protocol_010 Metabolomics LC-MS(/MS): Vanquish UPLC and Orbitrap ID-X v1
Authors: Sherman Nicholas
Published: May 2024

This protocol is the basic LC and MS running parameters for metabolite runs. The samples typically have fewer components (ions) than proteomics so the gradients are shorter and most molecules are singly charged.
UTJECAJ TEHNIČKO-TEHNOLOŠKIH KARAKTERISTIKA MR UREĐAJA PRI MJERENJU POVRŠINA NA SLICI
Authors: Matijaš Tatjana
Published: May 2024

Uvod: Različiti MR uređaji i protokoli skeniranja otežavaju procjenu i bodovanje spajanja epifizne pukotine. Iskustvo promatrača kao i kalibracija uređaja imaju utjecaj na interpretaciju slike. MR je modalitet koji je najteže standardizirati, kako u smislu čitanja slike, tako i u smislu prikupljanja podataka. Objektivna procjena MR signala je teška jer čitatelji imaju tendenciju percipirati isti intenzitet slike različito ovisno o okolnim intenzitetima pozadine. Čimbenici koji bi mogli utjecati na rezultate pri usporedbi analiza MR slika su različite snage magnetskog polja, veličina piksela, broj piksela na slici, matrica slike, debljina sloja, ukupni broj slojeva područja istraživanja i ukupna širina područja istraživanja.
Materijal i metode: Istraživanje je provedeno na 339 T2WI MR slike. Koristili smo slike s tri različita MR uređaja: 1T (Panorama, Philips, Best, Nizozemska), 1,5T (Avanto, Siemens, Erlangen, Njemačka) i 3T (Skyra, Siemens, Erlangen, Njemačka). U istraživanju smo koristili ručnu segmentaciju, koju su izvršili promatrači, ispravljenu računalnom segmentacijom.
Rezultati: Rezultati dobiveni ovim istraživanjem pokazali su da nema statistički značajnih razlika u korištenju različitih MR uređaja s različitim tehničko-tehnološkim karakteristikama s dobivenim rezultatom indeksa omjera površina epifizne pukotine i površine bedrene kosti ispod epifizne pukotine. Dob ispitanika pokazala je značajan utjecaj na indeks omjera površina epifizne pukotine i površine bedrene kosti ispod epifizne pukotine.
Zaključci: Indeks omjera površina epifizne pukotine i površine bedrene kosti ispod epifizne pukotine se može koristiti u daljnjem razvoju primjene umjetne inteligencije u procjeni dobi kako bi se razvile precizne i točne metode za primjenu algoritama računalnog vida.
PROTOKOL KONZERVATIVNOG LIJEČENJA IDIOPATSKE SKOLIOZE PREMA SOSORT SMJERNICAMA
Authors: Pjanić Samra
Published: May 2024

Idiopatska skolioza (IS) može dovesti do značajnih funkcionalnih ograničenja i smanjenja kvaliteta svakodnevnog života. Konzervativno liječenje IS u vidu specifičnih fizioterapijskih vježbi (SFV) i spinalnih ortoza dokazano je efikasno. SOSORT kao stručno europsko udruženje ima jasno definisane smjernice o konzervativnom liječenju IS.
Preduslov za kvalitetno praćenje i liječenje pacijenata sa IS je postojanje multidisciplinarnog tima. Osnovni cilj liječenja je zaustavljanje progresije krivine i poboljšanje estetskog izgleda.
Od sedam svjetski priznatih SFV škola od strane SOSORT-a, na prostoru Balkana najrasprostranjenija je Schroth terapija, koja je dokazano efikasna metoda sa dugom tradicijom.
Iako je RTG snimak kičmenog stuba i dalje zlatni standard za dijagnostiku i praćenje skolioze, sve se više primjenjuju alternativne, manje invanzivne dijagnostičke metode, poput ultrazvuka kičme i površinske topografije leđa.
Spinalne ortoze primjenjuju se kod progresivnih krivina sa Cobb-ovim uglom 20±5° kod koštano nezrele djece. CAD/CAM tehnologija sve se više upotrebljava kao napredna tehnika u izradi spinalnih ortoza, a omogućava brži, precizniji i kvalitetniji proces izrade uz smanjenu mogućnost pogreške. Definitivna procjena funkcionalnosti ortoze vrši se pomoću RTG snimka kičmenog stuba u ortozi, 4 do 6 nedelja nakon finalne adaptacije na ortozu. Što je bolja korekcija u ortozi, očekuje se bolji dugoročni ishod liječenja. Provođenje SFV u svim fazama liječenja spinalnom ortozom je neophodno radi očuvanja postignute korekcije i stabilizacije deformiteta do kraja koštanog rasta. Osnovni prediktori ishoda liječenja su Cobb-ov ugao, fleksibilnost krivine, potencijal za rast i saradnja u liječenju. Što je pacijent ranije upućen na liječenje, sa manjim uglom zakrivljenja, veća je mogućnost uspješnog liječenja. Kontinuirana edukacija, ekspertiza i multidisciplinarni tim predstavljaju ključne faktore za uspješno liječenje pacijenata sa IS, koji u odraslu dob trebaju zakoračiti bez značajnih posljedica prisutnog spinalnog deformiteta.
DETEKCIJA KLINIČKIH PROMENA KOD PACIJENATA SA IDIOPATSKOM SKOLIOZOM NAKON ŠESTOMESEČNOG SCHROTH TRETMANA
Authors: Jevtić Nikola
Published: May 2024

Uvod: Površinska topografija (PT) omogućava objektivnu kliničku procenu posture i praćenje pacijenata sa deformitetima kičmenog stuba. Prednost površinske topografije ogleda se u odsustvu zračenja, što omogućava neograničeno praćenje promena na telu bez rizika po zdravlje pacijenta. Pored mnogobrojnih prednosti PT, nedostatak je mogućnost preciznog utvrđivanja Cobb-ovog ugla.
Cilj: Cilj istraživanja je utvrditi efekat šestomesečnog Schroth tretmana kod ispitanika sa idiopatskom skoliozom pomoću površinske topografije i skoliometrije.
Metode istraživanja: U istraživanju je uključeno 15 ispitanika uzrasta 10 do 18 godina sa postavljenom dijagnozom idiopatske skolioze od strane lekara ortopeda. Parametri koji su praćeni za utvrđivanje efekata lečenja bili su skoliometrija i topografski parametri u sve tri ravni. Površinska topografija je analizirana na aparatu 3D Morfoscan (Sensor Medica). Plan i program tretmana obuhvatao je šestomesečno vežbanje po Schroth metodi pod nadzorom sertifikovanog Schroth terapeuta tri puta nedeljno u trajanju od sat vremena i dva puta nedeljno u kućnim uslovima.
Rezultati: Istraživanjem je obuhvaćeno 15 pacijenata, 13 devojčica (86,7%) i 2 dečaka (13.3%). Prosečna starost ispitanika iznosila je 14,20±1,94 godine. Prosečna vrednost Cobb-ovog ugla iznosila je 39,27±15,51°. Spinalnu ortozu je nosilo 11 ispitanika, u prosečnom trajanju od 19,27±1,61 sati dnevno. Utvrđena je statistički značajna razlika u vrednostima skoliometrije pre i nakon terapije (t=7,75, t=8,24, t=6,63 i t=7,18 respektivno; p<0,05), kao i u vrednostima koronalnog (t=3,80; p<0,05), sagitalnog balansa (t=2,65; p<0,05) i rotacije u torakalnom i lumbalnom segmentu (t=3,62 i t=2,50 respektivno; p<0,05).
Zaključak: Rezultati istraživanja pokazuju statistički značajno poboljšanje svih praćenih kliničkih parametara kod pacijenata sa idiopatskom skoliozom nakon sprovedenog tretmana, što potvrđuje efikasnost Schroth terapije u lečenju idiopatskih skolioza.
JAVNOZDRAVSTVENI IZAZOVI U DOMAĆINSTVIMA – SIGURNOST HRANE
Authors: Maestro Daniel , Pašalić Arzija , Ramić-Čatak Aida , Obradović Zarema
Published: May 2024

Pravilnom pripremom hrane moguće je spriječiti većinu hranom prenosivih bolesti. Značajni napori uloženi u usaglašavanje legislative na širim geografskim područjima, rezultovali su formiranjem općeprihvaćenog stava da je većina kupljenih namirnica sigurna za konzumiranje. Međutim, neophodno je da potrošači nastave dobre prakse rukovanja, pripremanja i čuvanja namirnica u domaćinstvima. Ovo istraživanje je provedeno kao presječna, deskriptivno-analitička i eksperimentalna studija u periodu novembar 2020. – juli 2021. godine. Mikrobiološka analiza briseva je provedena u akreditovanoj laboratoriji Odjela za mikrobiološku analizu namirnica, voda i predmeta opšte upotrebe pri Zavodu za javno zdravstvo Federacije Bosne i Hercegovine. U domaćinstvima je uzorkovano po 7 briseva radnih površina i pribora u kuhinjama (n = 2681) u skladu sa smjernicama standardne metode BAS EN ISO 18593:2019 – Horizontalne metode za uzimanje uzoraka sa površine. U više od polovine domaćinstava (61,5%) izolovane su ciljane bakterije u vrijednostima iznad referentnih. Najveća odstupanja u bakteriološkoj ispravnosti utvrđena su na radnim površinama u kuhinjama (45,8%), daskama za rezanje (34,1%) i slavinama (34,1%). Staphylococcus aureus je izolovan u 153, Enterobacteriacea u 151, a aerobne bakterije u 286 domaćinstava. Prema kategorizaciji ukupnog rizika, 17% domaćinstava na području Kantona Sarajevo spada u kategoriju visokog rizika od hranom prenosivih bolesti u svojim domaćinstvima. Obzirom da javnost nije upoznata sa rizikom u kojem se nalazi, smatramo da je što hitnije potrebno poduzeti korake u podizanju kolektivne svijesti o javno-zdravstvenom značaju sigurnosti hrane u domaćinstvima.
AUTOMATIZIRANA DIGITALNA MIKROSKOPIJA U SAVREMENOM HEMATOLOŠKOM LABORATORIJU
Authors: Klapuh-Bukvić Nermina
Published: May 2024

Porast broja oboljelih od raznih hematoloških bolesti nameće sve veće zahtjeve hematološkim laboratorijama. Najčešća pretraga je kompletna krvna slika sa diferencijalnom slikom sa hematološkog analizatora. S obzirom da ona nije u stanju uvijek dati tačne podatke o prisutnosti mlađih i patoloških formi leukocita i eritrocita, te o njihovoj morfologiji potrebno je uraditi pregled razmaza periferne krvi pod svjetlosnim mikroskopom (ručna mikroskopija). Iako je morfološka analiza razmaza periferne krvi zlatni standard, ona ima i svoje nedostatke. Radi se o dugotrajnom subjektivnom procesu, koji dovodi do naprezanja oka i zamora. Sa druge strane, kvalitetna procjena morfološkog razmaza periferne krvi zavisi od znanja i iskustva hematološkog morfologa. Sve je to dovelo do potrebe za automatizacijom i digitalizacijom pregleda razmaza periferne krvi. Danas postoje hematološki analizatori, koji automatski prave i boje razmaze periferne krvi, vrše mikroskopski pregled razmaza periferne krvi, te prave slike visoke rezolucije, na osnovu kojih vrše klasifikaciju ćelija. Prednosti automatske digitalne mikroskopije su: brži pregled razmaza periferne krvi pomoću automatskih digitalnih slika, dobra diferencijacija 5 normalnih subpopulacija ćelija korištenjem algoritma vještačke inteligencije, mogućnost uvećanja slike ili njenog dijela, mogućnost prebacivanja ćelija iz jedne u drugu kategoriju (reklasifikacija), arhiviranje digitalnih slika, osiguranje kvalitete, edukacija i konsultacije sa udaljenim laboratorijama. Nedostaci su: nehomogena raspodjela ćelija u različitim područjima razmaza, statistička pogreška uzorkovanja, zbog diferenciranja 100 ili 200 ćelija. Predklasifikacija nezrelih granulocita, patoloških ćelija (blasti, plazma ćelije, itd), morfološka analiza eritrocita i detekcija trombocita u grupama često nije uvijek zadovoljavajuća. Ipak, sve veći zahtjevi za morfološkim pregledom razmaza periferne krvi nameću potrebu za njegovom automatizacijom i digitalizacijom. I automatizirana digitalna i ručna mikroskopija zahtijevu dobro educiranog i iskusnog hematološkog morfologa.
Application of Cloud-Point Extraction for the Determination of Arsenic using Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry in Several Pharmaceutical Preparations
Authors:   State Scientific Institution “Institute for Single Crystals” of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kharkiv, Ukraine, Varchenko V.V. , Bunina Z.Yu. ,   State Scientific Institution “Institute for Single Crystals” of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kharkiv, Ukraine, Bryleva K. Yu. ,   State Scientific Institution “Institute for Single Crystals” of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kharkiv, Ukraine, Belikov K.M. ,   State Scientific Institution “Institute for Single Crystals” of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kharkiv, Ukraine
Published: May 2024

Application of cloud-point extraction for arsenic determination in pharmaceuticals of various types: Calcium gluconate, solution for injection 100 mg mL-1, Potassium chloride, solution for injection 4 %, and Magnesium sulfate, solution for injection 25 %, was investigated. It has been demonstrated that direct quantitative extraction of arsenic into the micellar phase of Triton X-100 in the form of molybdoarsenic acid is possible only for potassium chloride. Magnesium sulfate requires at least five times dilution for arsenic to quantitatively enter the micellar phase. In the case of calcium gluconate, the organic anion is likely to have a higher affinity for the Triton X-100 phase than molybdoarsenic acid resulting in very low extraction coefficient values. In this case, decomposition of the drug was suggested. Three decomposition methods were evaluated and compared: acid decomposition in an open system, acid decomposition in a microwave reactor, and ashing with MgO/Mg(NO3)2. The second and third methods provide further quantitative removal of arsenic, the second being more rapid and easier to perform.
Sample Preparation of Urine Samples for Voltamperometric Determination of Medicinal Substances and Evaluation of the Method from the Viewpoint of Environmentally
Authors:   Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, Lviv, Ukraine, Dushna О.М. , Novozhylova М.S. ,   Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, Lviv, Ukraine, Dubenska L.О. ,   Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, Lviv, Ukraine
Published: May 2024

This work discusses the primary methods of preparing urine samples for voltammetric analysis. To serve as model analytes, well-known and commonly used medicinal substances were employed. These substances exhibit distinct pharmacological effects and undergo varying transformations at the electrodes under voltammetry conditions. The selected model analytes encompass two alkaloids of plant origin – quinine and platyphylline, the platyphylline metabolite – its N-oxide, and the synthetic antibacterial drug sulfadimethoxine. The determination of model analytes in prepared samples of urine was carried out using a boron-doped diamond electrode and a dropping mercury electrode. The action of ultrasound on the urine sample turned out to be the optimal method of sample preparation, which allows you to liquid or other types of extraction and significant dilution of sample urine. Furthermore, the environmental aspects of voltammetric analysis for medicinal substance determination in urine, exemplified by quinine, were assessed. Various approaches, such as AGREEprep, AGREE metrics, Green Certificate, and Blue Applicability Grade Index (BAGI), were employed to evaluate environmental considerations. All these assessments yielded high ratings, indicating compliance with the principles of green analytical chemistry for the voltammetric technique in quinine determination in urine.
Trastuzumab-emtansine versus other anti-HER2 regimens in early or unresectable or metastatic HER2 positive breast cancer: systematic review and network meta-analysis
Authors: Ciapponi Agustín , Bardach Ariel , Colaci Carla , Rodríguez Cairoli Federico , Argento Fernando , Korbenfeld Ernesto , García Martí Sebastián
Published: May 2024

Objective. We aimed to study the efficacy and safety of trastuzumab-emtansine (T-DM1) versus other anti-HER2therapies in HER2+ breast cancer (BC). Materials and Methods. We performed a network meta-analysis (NMA) of randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Our study focused on patients undergoing treatment for unresectable locally advanced breast cancer (LABC) or metastatic breast cancer (mBC), which included regimens involving trastuzumab and taxanes. Additionally, we considered cases within the first 6 months of treatment for HER2+ early breast cancer (EBC). Results. A total of 23 RCTs and 41 reports were included in our analysis. LABC and mBC showed no statistically significant difference in any of the comparisons of T-DM1 versus the other anti-HER2+ therapies. When assessing progression-free survival (PFS), trastuzumab-deruxtecan (T-DXd) and PyroCap demonstrated greater efficacy compared to other treatments (Hazard Ratio [HR]: 3.57; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.75-4.63 and HR: 1.82; 95% CI: 1.35-2.44;respectively), while T-DM1 alone exhibited superior effectiveness compared to LapCap (HR: 0.65; 95% CI: 0.55-0.77), TrasCap (HR: 0.65; 95% CI: 0.46-0.91), LapCapCitu (HR: 0.60; 95% CI: 0.33-1.10), Nera (HR: 0.55; 95% CI: 0.39-0.77), and Cap (HR: 0.37; 95% CI: 0.28-0.49). Conclusions. NMA allows a ranking based on the comparative efficacy and safety among the interventions available. Although superior to other schemes, T-DM1 showed a lower efficacy performancein PFS and overall response rate and a trend towards worse overall survival than T-DXd.
Formulasi Nugget Tempe dengan Penambahan Jamur Kuping dan Wortel terhadap Karakteristik Fisikokimia dan Sensoris
Authors: Fitriyani Devi Nur , Rahayuni Tri , Hartanti Lucky
Published: May 2024

Nuggets are a restructuring product of chicken meat, namely the product of small pieces of chicken meat which are then glued back together with food additives to become a product with a larger size. Nuggets are generally made from animal meat, so they are often called chicken nuggets. Chicken meat has a high fat and cholesterol content, so it is necessary to limit its consumption. There needs to be an alternative to replace meat nuggets into nuggets made from vegetable ingredients that contain protein, one of which is using tempeh and ear mushrooms and carrots to provide texture and increase fiber content. The purpose of this study was to obtain tempeh nugget formulations with the addition of mushroom and carrot for the best physicochemical and sensory characteristics. This study used a randomized block design (RBD) with one factor, namely the formulation of tempeh, ear fungus, and carrots (p) which consisted of 5 levels and 5 replications. The research data were processed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) with a level of 5% if the treatment had a significant effect then followed by the Honest Significant Difference (BNJ) test with a level of 5%. Sensory analysis using the Friedman test. Determination of the best treatment was tested using the effectiveness index test. The results showed that the tempeh nugget formulation with the addition of ear mushrooms and carrots which produced the best physicochemical and sensory properties was 70% tempeh formulation, 15% ear mushroom, and 15% carrot.
Real-time Multimedia Analytics for IoT Applications: Leveraging Machine Learning for Insights
Authors: Shajahan Mohamed Ali , Roberts Charlotte , Sandu Arun Kumar , Richardson Nicholas
Published: May 2024

The combination of real-time multimedia analytics and Internet of Things (IoT) applications, along with machine learning techniques, has shown great potential in improving the capabilities of IoT systems. This study investigates the potential of machine learning to gain insights into IoT applications. By thoroughly examining existing literature and analyzing current trends, this study explores essential goals such as improving IoT systems' data processing, decision-making, and security. This study extensively examines the literature on real-time multimedia analytics, machine learning algorithms, and IoT applications using a systematic approach. Doing so aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the field's current state and highlight the main challenges and opportunities. The significant discoveries highlight the impressive capabilities of machine learning algorithms, including Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) and Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs), in efficiently handling intricate multimedia data. These algorithms empower organizations to gain real-time insights and make informed decisions. Addressing challenges such as computational constraints, data privacy, and multimodal data integration is crucial for policy implications. This can be achieved through investments in edge computing infrastructure, developing low-power machine learning algorithms, and implementing robust privacy and security measures.
Effects of pentoxifylline and metformin combination therapy compared to metformin alone in infertile women with symptomatic endometrioma
Authors: Lasker Nastaran , Banu Jesmine , Munira S. M. , Al Tarique Mostafa M. , Anwary Shahin Ara , Ghosh Tandra , Sultana Sharmin , Laila Rawnok , Akter Asma
Published: May 2024

Background: Endometriosis, a chronic inflammatory disease, significantly affects reproductive health and fertility in women. This study compares the efficacy of pentoxifylline plus metformin versus metformin alone in treating symptomatic endometrioma in infertile women.
Methods: This randomized controlled trial was conducted at the department of reproductive endocrinology and infertility, BSMMU, Dhaka, from July 2022 to June 2023, involving 51 women. Participants were randomly allocated into two groups: pentoxifylline plus metformin (n=25) and metformin alone (n=26). Baseline and post-treatment evaluations included the size of endometrioma, pain scores using the visual analogue scale (VAS), and serum interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels. Data analysis focused on comparing treatment outcomes between the two groups.
Result: At baseline, both groups were comparable in terms of sociodemographic characteristics, BMI, and type and duration of infertility. Post-treatment, the pentoxifylline plus metformin group showed significant reductions in endometrioma size (2.23±0.97 cm), VAS score (2.73±1.21), and IL-6 levels, all with p<0.001s. In contrast, the metformin alone group exhibited a significant reduction in endometrioma size (3.12±1.42 cm, p=0.003s) and VAS score (3.48±1.89, p<0.001s), but not in IL-6 levels (p=0.505ns). Pregnancy rates were 8.0% in the pentoxifylline plus metformin group and 3.85% in the metformin alone group (p=0.610ns). Side effects were minimal and comparable between the two groups.
Conclusions: Pentoxifylline plus metformin demonstrated superior efficacy in reducing endometrioma size, pain scores, and IL-6 levels compared to metformin alone. However, no significant differences were observed in pregnancy rates or side effects. These findings indicate that the combination therapy could offer greater benefits in managing endometrioma size and pain, although further research is required to evaluate its impact on fertility outcomes in endometriosis patients.
Effects of levo-carnitine in infertile men with asthenozoospermia: a randomized placebo-controlled trial
Authors: Al Tarique Mostafa M. , Banu Jesmine , Lasker Nastaran , Munira S. M. , Anwary Shahin Ara , Ghosh Tandra , Sultana Sharmin , Laila Rawnok , Akter Asma , Begum Makshoda
Published: May 2024

Background: Infertility is defined as the inability of a sexually active couple to conceive within one year of regular unprotected coitus. Worldwide, it is estimated that 15% of couples are infertile; among them, the male factor is responsible for 50% of cases. This may be the sole underlying cause or a contributory factor to infertility. We aimed to assess the effects of a complementary treatment with a strong antioxidant (levo-carnitine) on sperm function and fertility of infertile men.
Methods: This was a randomized controlled trial study and was conducted in the department of reproductive endocrinology and infertility, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib medical university (BSMMU), Dhaka, Bangladesh. during the period from July 2022 to June 2023. In our study, we included 72 infertile men presenting with asthenozoospermia. There were two groups-group A (Participants who received tab levo-carnitine 330 mg twice daily orally for three months) and group B (Tab placebo twice daily orally for three months)
Result: The majority of patients in both groups, 51% in group A and 49% in group B, were aged 30-40 years, with no significant difference in mean age (35.36±5.50 vs 34.50±5.50, p>0.05). Overall, 62.5% of patients reported primary sub-fertility. Levo-carnitine administration leads to significant improvements in sperm motility (15±2.68 vs. 36.58±5.16, p<0.05). In the case of placebo treatment, there were no significant improvements in sperm motility (13.91±5.53 vs. 16.36±1.19, p>0.05). We found that the comparison of TMC of both groups reflected statistically significant differences (p<0.05) before treatment and after treatment with levo-carnitine and placebo (6.40±2.87 vs 22.91±14.88) 5.64±3.96 vs 7.71±4.91). 
Conclusions: Levo-carnitine treatment can lead to significant improvements in semen parameters, particularly in motility.
Feto-maternal outcome in term and late term pregnancies following induction of labour with misoprostol
Authors: Devi Phurailatpam Rupabati , Singh Chirom Pritamkumar , Singh Y. Ajitkumar , Shullai Barida S. , Balchand Singh N. , Soni Saurabh , Dolma Sonam , Gautam Nikita , Priyadarshinee Lipsa
Published: May 2024

Background: Induction of labour is the artificial initiation of labour before its spontaneous onset for the purpose of achieving vaginal delivery of the feto-placental unit. It is a common obstetric procedure which is indicated when the benefits to mother or fetus outweigh the benefits of continuing the pregnancy. Most common indication for induction is postdated pregnancy.
Methods: Longitudinal Study carried out in department of obstetrics and gynaecology, RIMS, Imphal, Manipur, conducted for duration of two calendar years, with effect from January 2021 in 168 primigravidas who had reached full term or late term pregnancy admitted in ante-natal ward of RIMS, Obstetrics and Gynaecology department.
Results: Study was conducted on 168 pregnant women, most of the participants belonged to the age group of 18-34 years (77.9%). Vaginal delivery was the most common mode of delivery (64.8%). Most of the babies (72%) delivered were having birth weight of between 2.5 kg to 3.9 kg. PPH and uterine hyperstimulation are comparatively more in the late term pregnancy as compared to full term pregnancy. Meconium-stained liquor was slightly more in late term pregnancy group as compared to full term pregnancy. Babies delivered by full term pregnant women were having better APGAR score in 1 minute and 5 minutes than the babies delivered by late term pregnancy.
Conclusions: Late term Pregnancy is comparatively common in low socio-economic group. The CS rate is comparatively high in Late term pregnancy as compared to Full Term Pregnancy. Poor APGAR score is highly associated with Late term Pregnancy outcome.
Development and validation of software tool for using original Robson ten group classification system for analysing caesarean section rates: a step towards minimizing errors from a large volume centre in a resource country
Authors: Sreekumar Gayathri , Rengaraj Sasirekha , Vijayasundaram Uma , Kumar Aman , Tapadar Saiful Islam , Satyendra Prasad Indrajit , Samal Srujan Sarathi
Published: May 2024

Background: To develop and validate a software tool for classifying caesarean sections (CS) using original Robson ten group (RTG) system of classification and to compare it with manual entry period using excel sheet.
Methods: The study was conducted in a tertiary care centre to include the data of all women delivered between July 1st 2023 and September 30th 2023. Two months retrospective data was collected for developing the App and it was validated by comparing its accuracy with that of three health care workers. The App was developed to enable classification using a logic-driven if-else condition structure. It was tested in real time for a month period.
Result: A total of 227 deliveries were collected for development of App and it was found to have maximum agreement with that of the gold standard with Kappa score 1, whereas the maximum accuracy of the health workers was 0.933 Kappa score with respect to gold standard. The App was tested in real time and compared with the data entered manually. The misclassification and missing data were nil which used to be 15-20% in groups 2, 10 and 9 when the data were entered manually.
Conclusions: This App was found to be helpful in saving time and minimize human errors in large institutions. It provided accurate data on RTG classification and it ensured all the details for classifying CS are entered. It helps to audit CS systematically.
Cardiac disease in pregnancy
Authors: Thakkar Nidhi D. , Agarwal Sonali N.
Published: May 2024

Cardiac disease is an important cause of maternal morbidity and mortality. It can invariably affect fetus with variable intensity depending upon nature of cardiac disease in mother. Cardiac disease can affect women antenatally, in labor and even in post-partum period. It is a case series of 12 cases who presented to labor room in a particular unit at SSG hospital, Baroda over a period of 1 year starting from 1st May 2022 to 30th April 2023. Mean age at presentation was 24.8. 3 women were having valvular heart disease while 4 were having peri-partum cardiomyopathy (PPCM), 4 were having atrial septal defect (ASD), 1 was having ventricular septal defect (VSD). Associated medical comorbidities and obstetrical factors were evaluated. 2D ECHO findings of all cases were recorded. Risk assessment must be done for the mother and fetus to minimize the effect of cardiac disease in pregnancy. Joint consultation with cardiologist should be done in already known case of cardiac disease.
An unusual case of lateral vaginal wall leiomyoma: case report
Authors: Kabra Shashi L. , Singh Renu , Madaan Richa
Published: May 2024

Twenty to thirty percent of women in the reproductive age group are affected with leiomyomas, the most frequent benign tumor of the uterus. Only 300 occurrences of vaginal leiomyomas have been documented, hence they are still a rare condition. Because of their low incidence and wide range of nonspecific clinical symptoms, tumors are assumed to originate from Mullerian smooth muscle cells in the sub-epithelium of the vagina. However, these cells can easily be misdiagnosed. Usually located in the anterior vaginal wall are vaginal leiomyomas. Here, we describe a case of left upper lateral vaginal wall leiomyoma in a 40-year-old multigravida. She presented with pelvic fullness. Cervical fibroid was diagnosed based on physical examination and MRI. Under anesthesia, the tumor was removed vaginally, and histology revealed a vaginal leiomyoma. Vaginal leiomyomas are uncommon tumors; however, they can present with a range of clinical symptoms and be mistakenly classified as cervical fibroid before surgery. The most effective therapy approach seems to be vaginal tumor excision followed by a histological investigation. To raise awareness of the disease and lower the possibility of a misdiagnosis and improper treatment, the current instance was disclosed.
A successful conservative management of cervical ectopic pregnancy
Authors: Ramanathan Ramayee , Rajan Niranjana
Published: May 2024

Cervical ectopic pregnancy is a rare life-threatening condition with an incidence of less than 1% among all ectopic pregnancies. A 27-year-old primigravida presented with spotting per vaginum following 4 weeks 5 days of amenorrhea. Transvaginal ultrasound done at 4 weeks 5 days showed a gestational sac located in the anterior wall of cervix, diagnosis of cervical ectopic pregnancy was made. Initial serum beta hCG titre was 4106 mIU/ml. Serial monitoring of serum beta hCG done showed increasing values. Hence, decided for medical management with single dose of injection methotrexate, as the diagnosis was made at an early gestation and patient was hemodynamically stable.  On follow up, serum beta hCG did not fall significantly, hence multidose methotrexate regimen was initiated. She responded to it, but she continued to have persistent bleeding per vaginum with fall in hemoglobin levels, hence sorted for surgical management which included suction and evacuation, after ligation of descending cervical artery and subsequently cervical tamponade. Intraoperative period was uneventful. On follow-up, patient was asymptomatic and vitals stable. Serum beta hCG done 2 weeks post procedure was below 5 mIU/ml and resumed spontaneous cycles after a month. Thus, early detection and accurate diagnosis of cervical ectopic pregnancy using ultrasound and serial beta hCG titre monitoring becomes a cornerstone of management. We present this case as it was her index pregnancy, with a need to preserve future fertility, successful conservative management of Cervical ectopic pregnancy with combination of medical and surgical intervention.
Empowering patients: integrating palliative care in gynecologic cancer treatment
Authors: Gupta Sumedha , Kalwaniya Dheer Singh
Published: May 2024

Cervical cancer severely impacts women's health, especially in low- and middle-income nations. Patients experience significant symptoms at every stage of this cancer course, from diagnosis to treatment and beyond. Palliative care (PC) integration becomes crucial, even if oncological therapies have historically focused on disease-centric methods. PC is a multifaceted field that addresses end-of-life care as well as psychological, social, and spiritual issues in addition to physical illnesses. To improve patient satisfaction, treatment adherence, and overall quality of life, early PC initiation within the context of multimodality care is essential. Advanced patients require heightened PC and a smooth transfer to hospice care as they approach terminal disease. This emphasises how crucial it is for oncology and PC teams to work together to provide comprehensive cervical cancer management. Healthcare practitioners can improve results and maintain the overall health of women affected by this condition through combined efforts. This review article emphasises the importance of early PC integration and collaboration in the cervical cancer management continuum to offer comprehensive care and enhance patient outcomes.
An overview on urinary tract infection in pregnancy
Authors: Madane Tanvi S. , Kulkarni Prerana P. , Memane Gaurav S.
Published: May 2024

Urinary tract infections (UTI) include a wide range of symptoms, such as urethritis, cystitis, prostatitis, and pyelonephritis. The most frequent bacterial infections are UTIs. Lower and upper UTI’s are used to categories UTI’s. While pyelonephritis is an upper tract infection, cystitis is a lower tract infection.  Significant physiologic changes to the entire urinary system occur during pregnancy and drastically influence the prevalence of UTI’s and pyelonephritis. Both symptomatic and asymptomatic forms are possible. Gram-negative bacteria are the most frequent causes of both symptomatic and acute UTI, including E. coli, K. pneumonia, P. areuginosa, Enterobacter, and Serratia. The gold standard for the diagnosis of a urinary tract infection is quantitative culture methods. Untreated UTIs have been linked to severe morbidity and mortality in pregnant women and their babies. According to Edward Kass's groundbreaking research, 6% of pregnant women reported asymptomatic bacteriuria (ASB), which was linked to higher preterm and perinatal death than those with sterile urine. According to the urine culture and sensitivity results, correct treatment is therefore of utmost importance. An agent with a seven-day dosage schedule that is safe for both the mother and the fetus should be used as the therapy. To prevent a recurrence of UTI, confirmation of the pathogenic organism's full eradication is required. Precautions and good cleanliness can also aid in preventing recurrence.
Outcomes of Limberg flap repair in recurrent pilonidal sinus disease: a study in a district hospital of Bangladesh
Authors: Rajib M. Minhaz Uddin , Afroz Most Masuda , Islam M. Mahinul , Rahman Karina , Ahmed Tania
Published: May 2024

Background: Pilonidal sinus disease (PSD) is a chronic condition affecting the sacrococcygeal region, often seen in young adults. Numerous surgical techniques have been documented in medical literature for its treatment. This study aimed to evaluate the outcomes of the Limberg flap repair (LFR) in recurrent pilonidal sinus disease.
Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted in the General Hospital, Nilphamari, Bangladesh from January 2021 to December 2022. The study included 47 cases of recurrent PSD scheduled for LFR, selected through purposive sampling. Data analysis was conducted using Microsoft office tools.
Results: In the analysis of outcomes, the study found the following mean±SD values: operation duration of 53.4±7.2 minutes, first mobilization at 1.1±0.2 days, work incapacity for 7.3±1.5 days, pain visual analog score (VAS) score of 1.7±0.3, complete healing in 21.7±7.9 days, and painless toilet seating achieved in 1.2±0.6 days for all participants. Postoperative complications included seroma (8.5%) and hematoma (6.4%) in more than 5% of participants. Most patients achieved excellent results (62%), followed by 21% with good and 17% with fair outcomes.
Conclusions: LFR stands out as an effective and safe treatment option for recurrent PSD. It offers advantages such as reduced complication rates, shorter hospital stays, quicker return to work, minimal pain, and high patient satisfaction.
An observational study of clinical presentation and emergency surgical management of obstructed inguinal hernia repair
Authors: Godhani Parag H. , Modi Jenish V.
Published: May 2024

Background: Inguinal hernias, one of the most causes of surgical admissions and referral of patients from primary physicians. Hernia is defined as protrusion of whole or a part of viscus through the wall that contains it. Strangulated hernia (irreducibility+obstruction+arrest of blood supply) is defined as a hernia in which blood supply of herniated viscus is constricted so much by swelling and congestion that it causes the arrest of its circulation.
Methods: The study carried out in 50 patients between August 2019 to December 2022 including patients having obstructed inguinal hernia presenting as emergencies/irreducible. Patients with obstructed hernia required emergency exploration through inguinal incision where on the basis of intraoperative presence of toxic fluid, mesh placement was decided.
Results: Total 50 patients were studied with the highest incidence at age 61-75, the most common site of obstruction was internal inguinal ring (n=42), most commonly presenting with symptoms of pain (n=50), swelling (n=50) followed by vomiting (n=29).
Conclusions: The right sided hernia was more commonly involved in obstruction at the level of the internal inguinal ring followed by superficial ring and mesh was kept according to the presence of toxic fluid. The most common procedure was posterior wall repair (n=31) with or without resection and anastomosis followed by meshplasty (n=19) where the complication were less observed with meshplasty (n=3) and highest complication were observed in posterior wall repair (n=9) with or without resection and anastomosis.
Better out than in: a case series of retained rectal foreign bodies in a New York Community Hospital
Authors: Tian Jane , Kiarie Patrick , Olang Catherine , Sneed Christina , Fernandez Luis , Miele Andrew , Curry Stephen , Louis Martine A. , Mandava Neil
Published: May 2024

Retained rectal foreign bodies (FB) are rare and present diagnostic dilemmas due to the varying clinical presentations and embarrassment experienced by patients, preventing patients from being forthcoming about the cause of their symptoms. Furthermore, the variability in size, shape, and depth of insertions calls for physicians and surgeons to be resourceful and creative with their management. We present 8 cases of rectal foreign bodies between October 2012 and April 2023. We excluded patients that had foreign bodies from oral ingestion. Of the patients, 62.5% came during the night shift; 75% of patients were forthcoming about inserting their foreign bodies.12.5% of cases successfully passed the FB in the emergency department (ED), 50% underwent rectal examination under anesthesia (EUA), two were successfully removed, 25% underwent exploratory laparotomy, and 12.5% refused intervention. The median time from incident to presentation to the ED was 2.5 days; the median hospital length of stay (LOS) was one day. Further investigation regarding seasonality, time/day of presentation, and time from insertion to presentation could benefit in increasing healthcare awareness of FB. Our results showed that most patients presented during the night hours, which increased clinical suspicion for patients presenting with complaints consistent with retained foreign bodies since faster diagnosis and interventions are associated with reduced complications and improved patient outcomes.
A rare case of simultaneous pneumoperitoneum and pneumomediastinum without hollow viscus perforation
Authors: Agrawal Milan , Juneja Iliyas A.
Published: May 2024

Traumatic pneumoperitoneum and pneumomediastinum managed conservatively are rare in surgical practice. This report describes an atypical case of 10-year-old male child with pneumoperitoneum, pneumomediastinum, extensive subcutaneous emphysema and an exceptionally rare finding of air in spinal canal, all managed conservatively. We report a case of 10 years old male child who presented with a compressed air injury to the perianal region. On further investigation, a diagnosis of traumatic pneumoperitoneum, pneumomediastinum and subcutaneous emphysema without hollow viscus perforation was established. He was managed conservatively. This case highlights the successful conservative management of child with traumantic pneumoperitoneum and pneumomediastinum. Many times explorative laparotomy is performed based on findings of pneumoperitoneum on abdominal radiograph and computed tomography (CT), which later turns out to be negative. Hence, clinical judgements may override trauma protocols in selected cases. Pneumoperitoneum preceded by a reasonable clinical history in patient with adequate abdominal examination may warrant continued observation, thus avoiding an unnecessary laparotomy.
Laparoscopic resection of adrenal myelolipoma: a case report
Authors: Virsodiya Milan , Juneja Iliyas
Published: May 2024

Adrenal myelolipomas are rare, benign tumors comprising mature adipose tissue and hematopoietic elements. We report a case of a 55-year-old female who presented with abdominal pain and vomiting. Imaging revealed a 5.6×5.1×5.3 cm left adrenal mass suggestive of myelolipoma. Laboratory investigations showed elevated plasma non metanephrines. The patient underwent successful laparoscopic excision of left side adrenal myelolipoma. Histopathology confirmed adrenal myelolipoma. This case illustrates the role of imaging and laboratory studies in diagnosing these tumors preoperatively and demonstrates the feasibility of laparoscopic resection for symptomatic myelolipomas.
Ideological criticism of Nikolay Karamzin in pre-revolutionary Russian thought
Authors: Chizhkov Nikolay
Published: May 2024

The article analyses the works of three most acute pre-revolutionary critics of Nikolay Karamzin: literary scholar and ethnographer A.N. Pypin, nationalist N.V. Shelgunov and representative of regionalism S.S. Shashkov. Their methodological approach is based on the ideological criticism of Karamzin's creative and intellectual heritage. It is shown that one of the founders and the most prominent representative of this approach can be considered Põpin, who, being a representative of the liberal political wing, saw his main goal as fighting not only and not so much with the "founder" of the conservative ideology in Russia, which he considered Karamzin, but primarily with his contemporary political opponents from the conservative camp. Shelgunov and Shashkov in their turn adhered to a partially similar line of ideological criticism and contributed to its development.
Vadim Mezhuev. Life and creative heritage (to the 90th anniversary of his birth). Round table of the Polylogos journal
Authors: Zdravomyslova Olga
Published: May 2024

The article presents the papers of the participants of the round table "The Creative Legacy of Vadim Mezhuev (to the 90th anniversary of his birth)", held on 19 December 2023 at the Institute of Philosophy of the Russian Academy of Sciences. The participants of the round table discussed V.M. Mezhuev's contribution to Russian philosophy. The high significance and relevance of his works were emphasised.
Vadim Mikhailovich Mezhuev (17 December 1933 - 9 April 2019). Texts of different years
Authors: Mezhuev Vadim
Published: May 2024

The article collects texts written by Vadim Mikhailovich Mezhuev in different years. They present the author's vision of fundamental philosophical problems such as freedom, culture, history, civilisation, Marxism, and the "Russian idea". The article includes fragments of interviews and speeches by V.M. Mezhuev.