bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Neurologic and neuropsychiatric symptoms in long-COVID 19 syndrome: a systematic review
Authors: Junior Giovani Zocche , Siqueira Lia Fonseca , Loro Leonardo Bongiovani , Fortes Felipe Valles , Zanirati Gabriele , Marinowic Daniel , Costa Jaderson Costa da
Published: February 2022

Covid-19 pandemic globally impaired health care, basic assistance, and quality of life, even for those who recovered after SARS-CoV-2 infection. New questions arise regarding post infection and prolonged or new symptoms. This broad concept of COVID-19 long defined as symptoms occurring after infection is very relevant for health care taken together with patient complaints related to new emerging variants and prior infections. Therefore, establishing the relationship between neurological symptoms and COVID-19 is very important. For this review, we considered only neurologic or neuropsychiatric findings after a positive SARS-CoV-2 serological test and COVID-19 long symptoms after a negative PCR test, which resulted in 42 studies after exclusions. Our results demonstrated that the most relevant and frequent neurological complaints reported was fatigue, followed by attention or memory difficulties, including brain fog and smell and taste disturbances. This systematic literature review of long COVID-19 aims to enhance the current knowledge regarding symptoms after infection and to discuss long-term COVID-19 concept, given the possibility of new or persistent symptoms.
Generalization of the Fermat's and Euler's Theorems
Authors: Sultan Kurmet
Published: February 2022

The article contains extended versions of Fermat's little theorem and Euler's theorem, as well as a theorem intended for any remainder, which generalizes Fermat's and Euler's theorems.
Bayesian method for estimating Weibull parameters for wind resource assessment in the Equatorial region: a comparison between two-parameter and three-parameter Weibull distributions
Authors: Khan M. G. M. , Ahmed M. Rafiuddin
Published: February 2022

The two-parameter Weibull distribution has garnered much attention in the assessment of windenergy potential. The estimation of the shape and scale parameters of the distribution has broughtforth a successful tool for the wind energy industry. However, it may be inappropriate to use thetwo-parameter Weibull distribution to assess energy at every location, especially at sites wherelow wind speeds are frequent, such as the Equatorial region. In this work, a robust technique inwind resource assessment using a Bayesian approach for estimating Weibull parameters is firstproposed. Secondly, the wind resource assessment techniques using a two-parameter Weibulldistribution and a three-parameter Weibull distribution which is a generalized form of twoparameterWeibull distribution are compared. Simulation studies confirm that the Bayesianapproach seems a more robust technique for accurate estimation of Weibull parameters. Theresearch is conducted using data from seven sites in Equatorial region from 1o N of Equator to 19oSouth of Equator. Results reveal that a three-parameter Weibull distribution with non-zero shiftparameter is a better fit for wind data having a higher percentage of low wind speeds (0-1 m/s) andlow skewness. However, wind data with a smaller percentage of low wind speeds and highskewness showed better results with a two-parameter distribution that is a special case of threeparameterWeibull distribution with zero shift parameter. The results also demonstrate that theproposed Bayesian approach and application of a three-parameter Weibull distribution areextremely useful in accurate estimate of wind power and annual energy production.
Economic Burden Attributable to Healthcare-Associated Infections in Tertiary Public Hospitals of Central China: A Multi-center Case-control Study
Authors: Li Peng , Li Yan , Zhang Youjian , Bao Junzhe , Yuan Ruixia , Lan Hongwen , Sun Mingjie
Published: February 2022

Background
Healthcare-associated infection (HAI) is a major cause of morbidity, mortality and cost, which vary widely by region and hospital. We aimed to calculate losses attributable to HAI in central China.
Methods
We performed a three-stage random sampling and employed a 1:1 matched case-control study. The direct cost attributable to HAIs was estimated and compared among different types of HAIs by employing a subgroup analysis.
Results
A total of 2976 patients in 10 hospitals were enrolled, and the incidence rate of HAI (range, 0.88%-4.15%) was significantly, but negatively associated with the cost per 1000 beds of its prevention (range, $24929.76-$53146.41; r=-0.76). The per capita economic loss attributable to HAIs was $2047.07 (interquartile range, $327.63-$6429.17), mainly from the pharmaceutical cost (median, $1044.39). The HAIs, which occurred in patients with commercial medical insurance, affected the hematologic system and caused by A. baumannii, contributed most to the losses (median, $3881.55, $4734.20 and $9882.75, respectively), and a significant correlation existed between the economic loss and age (r=0.26). Furthermore, the economic losses attributable to device-associated infections and hospital-acquired multi-drug resistant bacteria were 2 to 4 times those of the controls.
Conclusion
The economic burden attributable to HAI in central China is heavy, and opportunities for easing this burden exist in several areas, including that strengthening antibiotic stewardship and practicing effective bundle of HAI prevention for patients carrying high risk factors, for example, elders or those with catheterizations in healthcare institutions, and accelerating the medical insurance payment system reform based on Diagnosis Related Groups by policy-making departments.
Analysis of the accuracy of a dynamic navigation system when performing dental implant surgery with transcrestal sinus floor elevation using a piezoelectric technique: a retrospective study
Authors: Wu Bin-Zhang , Ma Fei-Fei , Sun Feng
Published: February 2022

Background To evaluate the accuracy associated with the use of a dynamic navigation system when conducting posterior maxilla implant surgery with transcrestal sinus floor elevation (TSFE) a piezoelectric technique.Methods In total, 28 implants were placed in 28 patients requiring implantation in the posterior maxilla via a TSFE approach. A drill was used to access the planned position (within 1 mm of the bottom of the maxillary sinus floor) under dynamic navigation system guidance. TSFE was then accomplished using osteotomes and a piezoelectric device. Three effective deviations between planned and actual implant placement were then measured including angular deviation (AD, degrees), entry point horizontal deviation (EPHD, mm), and apical point horizontal deviation (APHD, mm).Results The AD, EPHD, and APHD between the planned and actual implant placement were 3.656±1.665 degrees, 1.073±0.686 mm, and 1.086±0.667 mm, respectively. Premolar site AD values were less than those for molar sites (P=0.004). No significant differences in these outcomes were observed when comparing procedures conducted by two different surgeons. Obvious sinus perforation was not detected by immediate postoperative cone-beam computed tomography imaging. Conclusions The accuracy associated with using a dynamic navigation system when conducting posterior maxilla implant surgery via a TSFE approach using piezoelectric devices was comparable to that observed for previously published conventional implant navigation approaches. This technique thus achieved appropriate interventional precision and safety while decreasing the morbidity associated with the TSFE approach.
m6A-related lncRNAs are potential biomarkers for predicting prognoses in patients with breast cancer
Authors: Liao Yuwei , Liang Simon X , He Dong , Chen Zhikai , Yao Jinxiu , Liang Hongfeng , Yang Liye
Published: February 2022

Background: Breast cancer (BRCA) is a common cancer and major cause of cancer mortality in females around the world. N6-methyladenosine (m6A) and m6A-associated long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play vital roles in the prognostic value of BRCA. However, how m6A-related lncRNAs affect the survival of BRCA patients remains unclear. Methods: In this study, we obtained m6A-related lncRNAs by gene co-expression and used univariate least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO), and multivariate Cox regression analyses to construct a comprehensive m6A-related lncRNA model. Based on this model, a risk score was calculated for each patient. Next, Kaplan-Meier analyses, cell type enrichment analysis, and gene ontology (GO) enrichment were used to analyze the risk model. Finally, performance comparison was made between risk model and other common prognostic biomarkers in BRCA using ROC curve and nomogram. Results: The comprehensive risk model of 39 genes (10 m6A-related lncRNAs and 29 other genes) and basic clinical factors showed better performance in BRCA prognosis compared to other common prognostic biomarkers. By regrouping the patients with this model, we found that patients in the high-risk group had higher tumor mutation burden (TMB) and differentially expressed genes between high- and low risk patients were enriched in tumor-related inflammation response pathway and lipid droplet pathway. Conclusions: These results demonstrate that our comprehensive 39-genes risk model based on the m6A-related lncRNAs is promising for clinical prediction and provides a treatment guide for BRCA patients.
Differences in Gene Expression Between High- and Low-Grade Serous Ovarian Cancers: Implications for Diagnosis and Prognosis
Authors: Xu Jianhao , Wang Qian , Cao Fang , Deng Zhiyong , Gao Xiaojiao , Gu Tingting , Liu Tingting , Xu Song , Gan Wenjuan
Published: February 2022

Background: The clinical presentations of high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) and low-grade serous ovarian cancer (LGSOC) differ. In this study, we aimed to identify the essential molecules for the diagnosis and prognosis of these OC subtypes. Methods: Differentially expressed genes between HGSOC and LGSOC were identified using three GEO series. The functional enrichment analysis was performed to investigate different biological processes and pathways. The protein-protein interaction network was constructed, and the discovered hub genes were frequently validated using prognostic correlation and immunohistochemistry (IHC) in GEPIA and HPA databases. Finally, we screened out BIRC5 and used IHC to detect its expression in 20 cases of borderline serous tumors, 20 cases of LGSOC, and 38 cases of HGSOC, and further analyzed its correlation with clinical characteristics.Results: In comparison with LGSOC, 79 upregulated and 85 downregulated genes were identified in HGSOC. The biological roles of these genes were mainly centered on the cell cycle process and chromosomal segregation. Among the 10 hub genes chosen, BIRC5 is positively related to the overall survival of patients with OC (p = 0.014) and can distinguish OC from normal ovarian tissue. In addition to database analysis, we verify BIRC5 through the specimen resources in our case database. According to the IHC results of our specimens, we found that BIRC5 can not only distinguish HGSOC and LGSOC but also positively correlate with the age, preoperative CA125 level, FIGO stage，and TP53/Ki-67 expression in tumor specimens.Conclusions: BIRC5 is a reliable marker that can distinguish HGSOC from LGSOC, guide prognosis, and be utilized in clinical IHC.
Prone Positioning May Increase Lung Overdistension in COVID-19-Induced ARDS
Authors: Otáhal Michal , Mlček Mikuláš , Borges João Batista , Alcala Glasiele , Hladík Dominik , Kuriščák Eduard , Tejkl Leoš , Amato Marcelo , Kittnar Otomar
Published: February 2022

Background: Real-time effects of changing body position and positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) on regional lung overdistension and collapse in individual patients remain largely unknown and not timely monitored. The aim of this study was to individualize PEEP in supine and prone body positions seeking to reduce lung collapse and overdistension in mechanically ventilated patients with coronavirus disease (COVID-19)-induced acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). We hypothesized that prone positioning with bedside titrated PEEP would provide attenuation of both overdistension and collapse.Methods: In this prospective observational study, patients with COVID-19-induced ARDS under mechanical ventilation were included. We used electrical impedance tomography (EIT) with decremental PEEP titration algorithm (PEEPEIT-titration), which provides information on regional lung overdistension and collapse, along with global respiratory system compliance, to individualize PEEP and body position. PEEPEIT-titration in supine position straightaway followed by PEEPEIT-titration in prone position were performed. Immediately before each PEEPEIT-titration, the same lung recruitment maneuver was performed: 2 min of PEEP 24 cmH2O and driving pressure of 15 cmH2O.Results: Forty-two PEEPEIT-titration were performed in ten patients (21 pairs supine and prone positions). We have found larger % of overdistension along the PEEP titration in prone than supine position (P = 0.042). A larger % of collapse along the PEEP titration was found in supine than prone position (P = 0.037). A smaller respiratory system compliance was found in prone than supine position (P < 0.0005).Conclusions: In patients with COVID-19-induced ARDS, prone body position, when compared with supine body position, decreased lung collapse at low PEEP levels, but increased lung overdistension at PEEP levels greater than 10 cm H2O.Trial registration number: NCT04460859
Comparative assessment of the performance properties of hemostatic applications implants.
Authors: Panov Alexander A. , Lipatov Vyacheslav A. , Severinov Dmitry A. , Denisov Artyom A. , Mishustin Vladimir N.
Published: February 2022

Objective: to study the physical and mechanical properties of two-component spongy hemostatic implants. Materials and methods. Experimental group of two-component sample №1 based on Na-CMC was compared with samples: №3 Surgicel, №2 Tachocomb. To determine the residual strain, the specimens were compressed followed by fixation of the thickness recovery. To determine sorption capacity, the sample was weighed, placed in distilled water, transferred to a prepared test tube, centrifuged, and the sponge mass was measured. Porosity was determined in the same sequence, but the implants were immersed in orthoxylene. To determine adhesion, specimens were placed between two plates and the force of separation of the implant from the surface of the plate was recorded. Results. The porosity coefficient of specimen №1 was greater than №2 and №3 by 0.61 and 0.87. Adhesive properties of sample №1 are 0.28 greater than №2 and 0.45 greater than №3. The sorption capacity per unit mass of sample №1 is 2.5 times greater than №2 and 2.47 times greater than №3. The residual strain values of sample №1 and №2 were 1.18 and 2.87 less than №3. The values of sample №1 were higher than №2 by 1.69. Conclusion. During the study, it was found that the sample №1 has higher indices of porosity coefficient, adhesion, sorption capacity in comparison with counterparts. When comparing the residual deformation, specimen №1 was inferior to specimen №3.
Cardiovascular toxicity induced by chemotherapy and target drugs: mechanisms, diagnostic and preventive approaches
Authors: Mescherina Natalia S. , Mikhailenko Tatiana S. , Khardikova Elena M. , Sarayev Igor A. , Leontieva Tatiana S.
Published: February 2022

The article aims at presenting the review of literature data concerning mechanisms, diagnostic methods, and preventive approaches for cardiovascular toxicity induced by chemotherapy and target drugs. The review is devoted to the currently important issue of cardiotoxicity with antineoplastic therapy. Modern cytostatic agents cause clinically significant myocardial damage, which definitely impair the quality of life and decrease the life expec-tancy in oncological patients. Compared to traditional chemotherapy, target cancer therapy is a new strategy which inhibits key molecules of signal pathways participating in carcinogenesis and tumor spread. Target cancer therapy is characterized by lesser unfavorable effects on normal cells and considered the future of chemotherapy. However, cardiovascular toxicity induced by target cancer therapy sometimes becomes a critical issue in patients administered novel antineoplastic agents. Cardiac oncology is a new sphere of medicine which comes under scrutiny of experts despite the fact that many mechanisms of cardiovascular complications for the antineoplastic therapy have not been thoroughly studied. The current review presents the state-of-the-art information concerning mechanisms, diagnostic and monitoring problems for cardiovascular safety, a contemporary view of preventing cardiotoxicity induced by chemotherapy and target drugs.
Peculiarities of myocardial remodeling in patients of different age groups 6 months after myocardial infarction
Authors: Bukatov Vladislav V. , Osipova Olga A.
Published: February 2022

Objective. To assess the nature of changes in the types of myocardial remodeling of the left ventricle in patients of middle, elderly and senile age with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction within 6 months after successful revascularization. Materials and methods. The study included 132 patients with a diagnosis of acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction, in combination with arterial hypertension who were divided into 3 groups depending on age: middle-aged pa-tients (45- 59) – 48 people, elderly patients (60-74) – 44 people, senile patients (75-89) – 40 people. The type of left ventricular remodeling was assessed by determining the relative wall thickness and mass index of the left ventricular myocardium with doppler echocardiography in the first 12 hours after the onset of anginal syndrome, and after 6 months. All patients underwent percutaneous coronary intervention. Results. It was found that initially with the development of acute myocardial infarction, senile patients more often had eccentric left ventricular hypertrophy (in 25%) than patients of middle (6%) and elderly age (11%). After 6 months, in middle-aged patients, the type of remodeling eccentric hypertrophy increased to 14%, in the elderly – up to 23%, in senile patients – up to 50%. Conclusion. In patients who have undergone acute myocardial infarction against the background of traditional therapy and rehabilitation, there are changes in the types of left ventricular myocardial remodeling: eccentric hypertrophy increases in middle age up to 14%, in the elderly – up to 23%, in senile age – up to 50%.
Legal norms vs. doctors and patients’ perceptions of the content and meaning of the informed consent to medical intervеntion
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Belov Sergei A. , Revazova Ekaterina A. ,   St. Petersburg State University,   Central Healthcare Directorate, Russian Railways, Rudneva Ekaterina A. ,   St. Petersburg State University
Published: February 2022

Informed consent to medical intervention represents the principle of individual autonomy, recognized in Russian law and medical practice nearly 30 years ago, but it is still viewed as controversial and even rejected. The purpose of informed consent is to provide obligatory prior notification about the consequences and risks of a medical procedure to be performed, as well as other possible options of treatment. Based on the results of anthropological and legal studies, the article focuses on issues concerning obtaining informed consent and its interpretations, comparing the meanings attributed to the document by lawyers, government agencies, courts, as well as doctors and patients. The legal nature of the consent consists in expressing a person’s will for medical intervention and his decision which cannot be made by anyone else. The meaning that patients and doctors attribute to informed consent, as shown by results of a survey and interviews, is shifting risks and responsibility for negative consequences from the medical organization to the patient. Stylistic features of the document influence its perception by ordinary citizens, resulting in fear and doubts about the doctor’s qualifications. Russian courts usually follow a formal approach when judging whether the signature reflects the patient’s real expressed will. Failure to understand the meaning of the document being signed, a circumstance that is sometimes cited when justifying an error in a transaction, is usually not recognized as sufficient. Although the document is formulated on behalf of the patient, he receives a ready-made text, containing information of a professional nature. This causes difficulties in the patient’s understanding of the document that has been drawn up on his behalf. However, when a person argues that he signed an informed consent without understanding its content, courts often do not consider his words sufficient, thus failing to stimulate medical organizations to provide a document that is catered to ordinary people’s medical and linguistic competences.
The limits of automatic decision-making based on artificial intelligence in cases that have legal significance
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Arkhipov Vladislav V. , Naumov Victor B. ,   Institute of State and Law of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Smirnova Kseniia M. ,   LLC “Dentons Europe”
Published: February 2022

Artificial intelligence technologies represent one of the “pervasive digital technologies” that predetermine the current landscape of society’s technological development. The key problem of applying artificial intelligence technologies from the point of view of law is the limits of making legally significant decisions based on artificial intelligence. Although on the surface this issue may seem quite new, in fact it has been investigated in legal science and interdisciplinary research for decades. These limits can be divided into paradigmatic, axiological and pragmatic ones. Paradigmatic limits are associated with fundamental notions about the meaning of agency in law, and they predetermine the principle of human participation in decisions made with the help of artificial intelligence. Axiological limits presuppose a consistent realization of certain formalized values with respect to new social relations. The most developed system of axiological limits follows from the European concept of human rights. Pragmatic limits are conditioned by peculiarities of both law itself and the technological architecture of artificial intelligence in a social context. Pragmatic limits in this sense include the problem of the “open texture” of legal language and the “semantic limits” of law. The principle of nondiscrimination of legal subjects in machine learning can also be considered as a pragmatic limit. The analysis of the modern regulatory landscape at the level of regulatory practices and self-regulation, focusing on representative international experience, makes it possible to verify the hypothesis of paradigmatic, axiological and pragmatic limits and to suggest their use in the further development of legal regulation of decision-making relations using artificial intelligence systems.
High Throughput Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Assessment of the Metabolic Activity of Commercially Available Hepatocytes from 96-Well Plates
Authors: Masucci John A. , Caldwell Gary W. , Chacon Enrique
Published: February 2022

We have assessed the metabolic activity of freshly isolated and commercially preserved rat, monkey, and human primary hepatocytes in a 96 well plate format utilizing eight ­ adrenolytic drugs as model compounds. Sample introduction from 96 well plates, HPLC solvent delivery, mass spectrometric (MS) detection, and/or UV detection were fully integrated and operated unattended. After drugs were incubated with hepatocytes for three or six hr, LC-MS analyses were carried out to determine the amount of drug which was not metabolized. Two LC­ MS methods were used which had a sample throughput of 4 samples/hr and 12 samples/hr. Under optimal conditions, this hepatic assay could screen 300 samples/week or 1200 samples/month. Although freshly isolated hepatocytes were more active, commercially available rat, monkey, and human primary isolated hepatocytes metabolized drug substrates in similar relative rank orders. This drug-hepatocyte assay provides useful information for prioritizing pharmaceutical leads in relative rank orders or in a high/low manner according to their resistance toward liver metabolism.
Planned educational strategies based on learning styles
Authors: Velásquez Gema Mercedes Bravo , Zambrano Sandra Jamileth Basurto , Meza Orley Benedicto Reyes
Published: February 2022

The research focuses on the systematization of experience that had as its object the "Pedagogical-Didactic Induction (planning) for teachers of physics and mathematics based on learning styles (theoretical, pragmatic, reflective and active), from the Experimental Science Management project of the Sciences Area of The Mathematics and Physics Specialization Education of the Redesign of the ULEAM, was based on the identification of the didactic strategies based on the class plan according to the learning styles in the students of the Millennium Educational Unit "Eugenio Espejo" in the year 2019. Considered that through class planning based on learning styles with strategies for each teacher, they achieve the quality of education at the time of executing the planning. The objective is to analyze the effectiveness of lesson plans with the four learning styles in physics and mathematics teachers in the second phase of the project's pedagogical induction. As technique for gathering information an interview checklist were applied to the teachers and students who participated in the project and the educational unit. In conclusion, relevant we have the importance of associating the class plan with learning styles helps to contribute greatly to educationmay increase the ease with which interested parties can locate our article.
Do texto ao dado: debates sobre leitura distante nas humanidades
Authors: Higuchi Suemi
Published: February 2022

As áreas das humanas, em especial a literatura e a história, sempre legaram aos registros textuais grande parte da sua razão de ser e de seu modo de fazer. O presente artigo busca refletir e ampliar o horizonte das relações entre as humanidades e o uso das tecnologias disponíveis, focando prinicpalmente nos métodos de leitura distante para estudos literários, alicerçados na linguística com corpus. De que forma a prática de pesquisa nestas áreas tem sido impactada com o uso de ferramentas digitais? Que desafios precisam ser enfrentados e que oportunidades se abrem neste cenário potencialmente inovador? Estas são algumas das questões discutidas no texto.
Game on: a contribuição dos jogos digitais para os letramentos
Authors: Vogelmann Talisson , Remenche Lourdes , Silveira Ana Paula
Published: February 2022

Com o avanço contínuo da tecnologia, cada vez mais, dispositivos inteligentes e aplicativos de mídia social fazem parte das diferentes situações sociais. Nesse cenário, este artigo tem por objetivo problematizar o uso dos jogos digitais na prática educacional. Para tanto, faremos uma retomada teórica dos estudos sobre o tema e, a partir dessas ideias, analisaremos a contribuição do jogo Scribblenauts Unlimited no processo de ensino-aprendizagem de Língua Estrangeira. O percurso de reflexão tem como ancoragem epistemológica a perspectiva dos estudos sobre Letramento (Cope & Kalantzis (2009), o uso dos jogos digitais na educação (Gee, 2007, 2009 e Wastiau, 2009) e o ensino de Língua Estrangeira (Krashen, 2002). Os resultados da análise, de caráter qualitativo-interpretativista, apontam que os jogos digitais podem se constituir em ferramenta de apoio no processo de ensino-aprendizagem de LE, pois mobilizam práticas situadas de letramento em ambiente virtual. Os resultados explicitam o potencial do jogo para promover interações com a máquina e com o grupo de jogadores, o que contribui para a ampliação do conhecimento linguístico, além de favorecer a linguagem oral, a leitura e a escrita, em menor grau.
multimedia en la formación profesional en la educación superior en el Ecuador
Authors: Chedraui Lorraine
Published: February 2022

La presente investigación tiene como objetivo comparar la formación académica de la carrera de multimedia y producción audiovisual en las diferentes universidades de Guayaquil, para evidenciar las mejores prácticas e inexactitudes aplicadas. La metodología empleada fue una investigación documental donde se indagaron e interpretaron documentos de diferentes fuentes oficiales institucionales, como Ministerio de Cultura, Instituto de Cine y Creación Audiovisual, entre otros; para que a través del método inductivo-deductivo se planteen generalidades sobre el contenido de la carrera y presentar diferentes enfoques en la formación académica de la carrera multimedia.
Gastronomía típica de Samborondón, como parte del patrimonio intangible de un pueblo
Authors: Cevallos Ruales Fernando
Published: February 2022

La gastronomía en el mundo ha ido evolucionando con el pasar de los siglos, cada año se encuentran más variedades de deliciosos platos que se pueden degustar en cualquier rincón del planeta, con nuevas variedades, nuevos sabores, nuevas formas. El hombre ha ido experimentando con una gama de ingredientes que ha tenido a la mano, creando recetas únicas y dando un realce al área gastronómica, logrando obtener una aceptación entre las personas que buscan experimentar el placer único de degustar cada bocado de comida, estableciendo platos originarios y reconocidos de su país. Es así, como la gastronomía ha pasado de ser solo un alimento para el arte de la cocina, a convertirse en una pieza fundamental al describir un pueblo, permitiendo conocer sus creencias y forma de vida, mejorando su desarrollo, fomentando su identidad y su diferencia entre una ciudad y otra. En el Ecuador, la gastronomía también ha progresado y, es así, como hay ciudades donde se puede disfrutar de sus diversidades, sus culturas, tradiciones y sus comidas típicas: la región costa (cantón Samborondón). La presente investigación trata de verificar si la gastronomía típica del cantón Samborondón es parte de la identidad del pueblo y si en la actualidad, ésta se está perdiendo.
Educación virtual: opción de estudios para los bachilleres en la ciudad de Guayaquil
Authors: Mora Torres Carlos Eduardo , Castillo Llanos Franklin Duberlí , Plaza Alarcón Génesis Karina
Published: February 2022

Este artículo tiene por objeto analizar el grado de aceptación de la educación virtual que tienen los estudiantes del último año de Educación Básica Superior de 5 colegios de la zona norte y sur de la ciudad de Guayaquil pertenecientes a los distritos que presentan mayores tasas de estudiantes que no logran obtener un cupo universitario en una Institución de Educación Superior. El estudio se sustentó en los postulados teóricos de Chen, Sorlin y Vessuri, Silva, López Tovar, entre otros. El trabajo se enmarcó como no experimental de campo, transversal y descriptivo. La población de estudio se conformó por un grupo de 150 estudiantes sin discriminar entre géneros ni rendimiento estudiantil. Los resultados mostraron que los estudiantes consideran estar de acuerdo con seguir sus estudios de manera virtual, de no alcanzar cupo para la Institución de Educación Superior que habían decidido aplicar para sus estudios presenciales.
exportación de turismo, un pilar para el desarrollo económico de la provincia de Guanacaste en Costa Rica
Authors: Canossa Montes de Oca Héctor
Published: February 2022

El propósito de este estudio es analizar el turismo como un pilar del desarrollo económico de Guanacaste, provincia del noroeste de Costa Rica donde se requieren esfuerzos para evaluar su potencial e importancia para el país, por consiguiente, los objetivos específicos incluyen describir la situación actual de la exportación de turismo en esta zona, mencionar expectativas del turismo en Guanacaste y reconocer desafíos del sector. Se hace un estudio exploratorio a través de una revisión literaria identificando que para lograr desarrollo implica retos en infraestructura y servicios como carreteras, fortalecimiento de la educación en las áreas de servicio e idioma, además se deben buscar vínculos productivos, buscando promover Guanacaste como un sector para el futuro de Costa Rica, donde el turismo es generador de empleo y bienestar para la población, por lo que se deben generar condiciones óptimas para atraer más turistas e inversionistas enriqueciendo las ventajas competitivas.
Rendimiento académico basado en el liderazgo transformacional del docente universitario, Quito-Ecuador.
Authors: Ortega Naranjo William Fernando , Gualotoña Armas Alexandra Patricia , Cuascota Pujota Adriana Maribel
Published: February 2022

El objetivo del presente estudio fue determinar las características del liderazgo transformacional en el docente universitario y su relación con el rendimiento académico desde la percepción de los estudiantes. La muestra fue de 380 estudiantes de las universidades: Escuela Politécnica del Ejército (ESPE) y Universidad Tecnológica Equinoccial (UTE) a quienes se aplicó el cuestionario versión corta (MLQ-5X, Bass y Avolio, 2000), traducido al contexto latinoamericano en Chile por Vega y Zavala (2004). Se utilizaron las preguntas sobre liderazgo transformacional (20 preguntas) y esfuerzo extra (3 preguntas). Los datos fueron procesados en el programa IBM SPSS 24 y Microsoft Excel. Los resultados determinaron que el 73,68% de los estudiantes consideran que su rendimiento es alto, producto del liderazgo transformacional del docente, y que las dimensiones con nivel de media más alto fueron la motivación inspiracional (4,29) e influencia idealizada atribuida (4,27). El liderazgo transformacional influye positivamente en el rendimiento académico de los estudiantes.
Elementos e indicadores del componente humano para la medición de intangibles en entidades de servicios.
Authors: Alfonso Annayka Abad , Pérez Zulueta Mónica Angelina , Chiriboga Cisneros Edison Fernando , Ruiz Murillo Jorge Rodrigo
Published: February 2022

Las entidades hospitalarias se han convertido en un auténtico campo de desarrollo que genera beneficios económicos y sociales en el largo plazo. Debido a que estas entidades de servicios gestionan activos intangibles, surge la necesidad de medirlos y gestionarlos. Para ello se han seleccionado elementos e indicadores que contribuyen a su gestión mediante un procedimiento metodológico propuesto por los autores. Este trabajo presenta los resultados de la aplicación teórica de dicho procedimiento, así como el análisis cualitativo de los resultados.
Análisis sobre el uso de whatsapp en el entorno universitario: caso estudiantes universidad ecuatoriana
Authors: López Álvarez Diana María , Castro Aguilar Gilberto Fernando
Published: February 2022

La investigación, utiliza la técnica de naturaleza cuantitativa y se llevó a cabo con la participación de 95 estudiantes de la carrera de Ingeniería en Sistemas de una universidad ecuatoriana matriculados en el año 2019. Como resultado se encontró que, sin importar sexo, desempeño académico, estatus social, carrera y por la facilidad de uso de la herramienta WhatsApp es muy utilizada por la mayor parte de los participantes de este estudio.  A parte de su vida personal se puede constatar que la mayoría de los estudiantes usa este tipo de aplicaciones de mensajería instantánea también para cuestiones relacionadas con los asuntos académicos. Además, un alto porcentaje de los estudiantes analizados pertenece a algún chat grupal relacionado con los estudios o está incluido en grupos de conversación sobre asuntos académicos, investigación y extracurriculares.
principio de igualdad y no discriminación analizado desde la figura de la mujer como sujeto de derechos
Authors: Zuleta Sánchez Andrea Gabriela
Published: February 2022

El presente artículo, tiene como objetivo general analizar a través de un estudio doctrinario y crítico, el principio de igualdad tanto formal como material, el principio de igualdad y no discriminación analizado desde la figura de la mujer como sujeto de derechos.  El bloque de constitucionalidad, es decir, la Constitución junto con los instrumentos internacionales de derechos humanos ratificados por el Ecuador garantiza la igualdad como piedra angular del Estado constitucional de derechos. A través de la subsunción entre la norma y el hecho jurídico, se identifican políticas estatales dirigidas a la implementación real del principio de igualdad desde el enfoque de género, mediante un estudio doctrinario y normativo del derecho de los derechos humanos. Por lo que se concluye que el principio de igualdad no obstante se encuentra contenido en normativa tanto nacional como internacional debe ser ejercido por cada individuo, como titular de derechos, y que el Estado, como portador de obligaciones, es quien debe garantizar su aplicación efectiva en todos los ámbitos. La metodología empleada ha sido el uso del método deductivo y la investigación jurídica mixta (investigación teórica y empírica), utilizando además el derecho comparado.
Поляризационно-зависимая филаментация фемтосекундных лазерных импульсов в синтетическом алмазе
Authors: Красин Г.К. , Сцепуро Н.Г. , Мартовицкий В.П. , Ковалев М.С.
Published: February 2022

The filamentation process inside of the bulk of type IIa synthetic diamond with known crystallographic orientation has been studied as a function of the polarization state of the ultrashort laser pulses with a duration of 300 fs and a wavelength of 515 nm. The transmittance of the sample was measured using a photodiode, while the micro-image of the filament was recorded on the CMOS camera perpendicular to the propagation axis of the exciting laser radiation. The dependences of the transmittance and length of the filament on the polarization azimuth show a distinct modulation over the entire range of its change.
Безрезонаторная генерация на ионах молекулярного азота в воздушной лазерной плазме
Authors: Зятиков И.А. , Лосев В.Ф.
Published: February 2022

In this work, the results of investigation of temporal and spectral lasing characteristics on the first negative transition В – X of molecular nitrogen ions in air laser plasma are presented. Pumping was performed by the emission with central wavelength of 950 nm, 60 fs duration, and energy of 10 mJ. The active medium parameters are analyzed and possible mechanism for the formation of picosecond duration of radiation pulse is discussed.
Особенности структурирования и абляции тонких пленок титана фемтосекундными лазерными импульсами
Authors: Кузьмин Е.В. , Клековкин А.В.
Published: February 2022

The processes of structuring and ablation of a titanium film by femtosecond laser pulses at wavelengths of 515 nm and 1030 nm have been studied in both single-pulse and multi-pulse modes. The optimal energy regimes for the selective removal of film material without damaging the substrate, as well as the regimes for the generation of the periodic structures on the surface, are determined. The evolution of periodic structures with an increase in the number of laser pulses is shown. The precision removal of titanium film is associated with thermomechanical explosive boiling and the corresponding energy contribution, which ensures the cascade appearance of ablation craters.
Моделирование генерации гамма-излучения при взаимодействии сильноточных пучков ультрарелятивистских частиц с плазмой
Authors: Самсонов A.С. , Костюков И.Ю.
Published: February 2022

The generation of gamma photons in the interaction of high-current beams of ultrarelativistic particles with thick plasma targets is considered. Efficiency of the beam energy conversion into gamma radiation depending on the target thickness and density is obtained via full-size 3D particle-in-cell simulation. An analytical estimate obtained within the framework of an approximate model is presented, which is in good agreement with the results of numerical simulation. The considered interaction configuration can be a fairly simple and effective way to obtain high-quality gamma beams. Key words
Оптические свойства и фоторазогрев водных суспензий нанокомпозитных частиц на основе кремния с осажденным золотом
Authors: Корнилова А.В. , Икрамова С.Б. , Мусаева Д.У. , Сюй А.В. , Тимошенко В.Ю.
Published: February 2022

The optical properties of nanocomposite particles consisting of silicon cores about 100 nm in size with smaller gold nanoparticles deposited on their surface have been studied. An increase in the absorption of light in the near-infrared region of the spectrum for the obtained nanoparticles is observed in comparison with that for nanoparticles of pure silicon or gold. Experiments on measuring the temperature of aqueous suspensions showed significantly higher rates of photoheating of nanocomposite particles upon irradiation with laser radiation at a wavelength of 810 nm compared to the case of pure silicon nanoparticles. Calculations of the distribution of the electric field showed multiple increases in its strength near nanocomposite particles upon irradiation with light in the visible and near-infrared ranges and also made it possible to find the scattering and absorption contributions to the extinction spectra of nanoparticle suspensions. The observed enhanced photoheating of nanocomposite particles can be used for application in antibacterial treatment and cancer hyperthermia.
Cognitive and Physical Indicators of Gait Speed in the Community-dwelling Older Adult
Authors:   Division of Physical Therapy Program, School of Kinesiology & Physical Therapy, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida, USA, Peller Alexander , Suarez Lara ,   Division of Physical Therapy Program, School of Kinesiology & Physical Therapy, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida, USA, Trapuzzano Ashleigh ,   Division of Physical Therapy Program, School of Kinesiology & Physical Therapy, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida, USA, Stock Matt S. ,   Division of Physical Therapy Program, School of Kinesiology & Physical Therapy, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida, USA, Dawson Nicole ,   Division of Physical Therapy Program, School of Kinesiology & Physical Therapy, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida, USA
Published: February 2022

Gait speed has been correlated to quality of life and has been called the sixth vital sign. The purpose of this study was to understand the factors that comprise fast and comfortable gait speed. 90 older adults provided demographic, cognitive, and functional performance data. Hierarchical linear regression models revealed predictors for comfortable gait speed to be lower-extremity strength ( B = 1.13, β = 0.233, P< .05), comorbid health ( B = −2.95, β = −0.22, P < 0.05), and gender( B = 8.28, β = 0.19, P < .05). For fast gait speed lower-extremity strength ( B = 1.96, β = 0.26, P < .05), functional reach ( B = 2.45, β = 0.20, P < .05), and balance ( B = −25.29, β =−0.22, P < .05). This study revealed lower-extremity strength continues to be a strong predictor of comfortable and fast gait speeds, while cognitive measures may not be.
مظاهر الدور التشريعي لمجلس الدولة
Authors: Hama Zana Rauf , Omar Rebin Abu Bakir
Published: February 2022

تبحث هذه الدراسة في مظاهر دور مجلس الدولة في مجال التشريع بإعتباره أحدى الجهات المساهمة في سن التشريعات و صياغتها و الرقابة عليها، وقد أصبح موضوع مجلس الدولة في الدول التي تتبنى النظام القضائي المزدوج  أكثر حضوراَ في مجال التشريع و بات  تطوير  الأعمال التشريعية والرقابية في الدولة  أكثر أهمية وذلك في ضوء مساهمات مجلس الدولة لوضع الأطر القانونية لأعمال الإدارة العامة تطوير جودة التشريعات و الرقابة على أعمال الإدارة العامة لضمان الأمن القانوني و حماية مبدأ المشروعية.ومن هنا فإن المجلس  يساهم من خلال دوره التشريعي في تطوير العمل التشريعي و تحسين الأداء المؤسسي للبرلمان والحكومة معاً، أي زيادة قدرات السلطتين التشريعية والتنفيذية لإصدار تشريعات أكثر نجاعة و أحسن جودة ، الأمر الذي يدعم عملية تفعيل دور هذه المؤسسات في الدولة.
Identification of Social Engagement Indicators Associated With Autism Spectrum Disorder Using a Game-Based Mobile App: Comparative Study of Gaze Fixation and Visual Scanning Methods
Authors: Varma Maya , Washington Peter , Chrisman Brianna , Kline Aaron , Leblanc Emilie , Paskov Kelley , Stockham Nate , Jung Jae-Yoon , Sun Min Woo , Wall Dennis P
Published: February 2022

Background

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a widespread neurodevelopmental condition with a range of potential causes and symptoms. Standard diagnostic mechanisms for ASD, which involve lengthy parent questionnaires and clinical observation, often result in long waiting times for results. Recent advances in computer vision and mobile technology hold potential for speeding up the diagnostic process by enabling computational analysis of behavioral and social impairments from home videos. Such techniques can improve objectivity and contribute quantitatively to the diagnostic process.

Objective

In this work, we evaluate whether home videos collected from a game-based mobile app can be used to provide diagnostic insights into ASD. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study attempting to identify potential social indicators of ASD from mobile phone videos without the use of eye-tracking hardware, manual annotations, and structured scenarios or clinical environments.

Methods

Here, we used a mobile health app to collect over 11 hours of video footage depicting 95 children engaged in gameplay in a natural home environment. We used automated data set annotations to analyze two social indicators that have previously been shown to differ between children with ASD and their neurotypical (NT) peers: (1) gaze fixation patterns, which represent regions of an individual’s visual focus and (2) visual scanning methods, which refer to the ways in which individuals scan their surrounding environment. We compared the gaze fixation and visual scanning methods used by children during a 90-second gameplay video to identify statistically significant differences between the 2 cohorts; we then trained a long short-term memory (LSTM) neural network to determine if gaze indicators could be predictive of ASD.

Results

Our results show that gaze fixation patterns differ between the 2 cohorts; specifically, we could identify 1 statistically significant region of fixation (P<.001). In addition, we also demonstrate that there are unique visual scanning patterns that exist for individuals with ASD when compared to NT children (P<.001). A deep learning model trained on coarse gaze fixation annotations demonstrates mild predictive power in identifying ASD.

Conclusions

Ultimately, our study demonstrates that heterogeneous video data sets collected from mobile devices hold potential for quantifying visual patterns and providing insights into ASD. We show the importance of automated labeling techniques in generating large-scale data sets while simultaneously preserving the privacy of participants, and we demonstrate that specific social engagement indicators associated with ASD can be identified and characterized using such data.