bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Diagnostic Value of Platelet Mass Index, Plt/Mpv Ratio and Other Hemogram Parameters in Covid-19 Patients Who Presented to Emergency Department
Authors: ŞEYHANLI Eyyup Sabri , YASAK İbrahim Halil
Published: February 2021

Objective: The objective of this study was to compare PMI, PLT/MPV, and other hemogram parameters between COVID-19 patients and a control group and to determine the parameters that are significant in discrimination between COVID-19 and non-COVID 19. Methods: Data of a total of 80 patients who presented to the emergency department of our hospital with the symptoms suggesting COVID-19 with PCR (+) result and 80 healthy controls with a PCR (-) test results were retrospectively analyzed. Patients’ laboratory parameters including white blood cells (WBC), neutrophils count, lymphocytes count, monocytes count, neutrophils to lymphocytes ratio (NLR), lymphocytes to monocytes ratio (LMR), platelets (PLT), platelets to lymphocytes ratio (PLR), mean platelet volume (MPV), red blood cell distribution width (RDW), platelet mass index (PMI), RDW/MPV and PLT/MPV ratios were analyzed. At the same time, a ROC analysis was performed for determining laboratory indicators in distinguishing control and COVID-19 positive cases from each other. Results: In our study, WBC, lymphocytes, monocytes, neutrophils, LMR, platelets, PMI, and PLT/MPV levels decreased, while PLR and MPV values increased in COVID-19 patients. According to ROC analysis, among the parameters examined in terms of discriminating between COVID-19 and control groups, LMR, PLR, PMI, and PLT/MPV parameters had significant areas under the curve. The best cut-off points of the parameter were found as <2.91 for LMR, 117.95 for PLR, 2167.65 for PMI, and <25.13 for PLT/MPV Conclusion: Regular control visits are necessary for monitoring possible changes in hemogram parameters and to assess potential complications in future. For this purpose, blood parameters could provide practical methods.
Board Capital and Board Effectiveness: An Examination of Florida Community Foundations
Authors: Azevedo Lauren
Published: February 2021

Community foundations have considerable potential for positive social change in the communities they serve yet are understudied in nonprofit management literature. This exploratory study considers board capital of community foundations and the impact this has on board effectiveness. Based on survey data from 71 community foundation board members and executive directors representing 13 community foundations, the study uses regression to test hypotheses. The study finds that board capital, measured by human capital, structural capital, and social capital, plays a factor in board effectiveness. Further, community foundation boards in the survey population are highly effective and have unique attributes that make them distinct from other types of boards. Findings have potential for significant insight on an important segment of nonprofit sector organizations.
La protesta feminista #8M 2020 en México a través de la participación de comentarios en YouTube
Authors: García-González Lidia A. , Bailey Guedes Olga
Published: February 2021

El presente artículo es un estudio de corte cuantitativo de los comentarios generados y publicados por usuarios el 8 y 9 de marzo en la plataforma YouTube sobre la marcha #8M en Ciudad de México del 8 de marzo de 2020. Su propósito es conocer qué tipo de temáticas, discusiones y percepciones giran en torno a una de las más concurridas manifestaciones feministas en contra de la violencia de género y la impunidad ante una creciente ola de feminicidios en México. Asimismo, presenta una discusión sobre las potencialidades y riesgos de YouTube para el ciberfeminismo y la protesta a partir de los comentarios generados por los usuarios. Los resultados muestran un espacio en el que se manifiestan una fuerte misoginia, una alta incomprensión del feminismo y la imposibilidad de una conversación productiva y dialógica.
Implications of Tannin Containing Plants for Productivity and Health in Small Ruminant Animals: A Review
Authors: Atiba Emmanuel M. , Laban Rutto K. , Zewei Sun , Qingzhang Zhong , Aschalew Natnael D.
Published: February 2021

Infection with parasitic nematodes is a serious threat to health and production of small ruminant worldwide. It causes reduction in feed intake, weight gain and eventually death of the host. The primary control method of the nematode infection relied on frequent use of anthelmintic drugs. Unfortunately, this control strategy is no longer effective due to widespread anthelmintic resistance, which necessitates search for novel approaches to control nematodes. Condensed tannin (CT) containing forages have been used as anthelmintic to control parasitic nematodes for years. This paper reviews available information about effects of CT on productivity and health of small ruminants infected with parasitic nematodes. Many of temperate and tropical forages are nutraceutical plants (possess both nutritional and health benefits). Consumption of CT containing forages reduced negative impacts of gastrointestinal parasitism in sheep and goat by regulating establishment of worm as shown in reduced worm burdens, fecal egg count (FEC) and worm fecundity. Parasitized sheep and goats fed forages containing CT had high feed intake and body weight gain, probably due to increase in protein and amino acids supply. Condensed tannins containing feeds result in lighter meat color and tend to improve antioxidant activity. Therefore, the use of CT containing forages to control parasitic nematodes and improve production of small ruminants is one the alternatives to anthelmintic drugs.
Effect of Seedlings Age and Nutrient Combinations on Growth and Yield of Proso Millet (Panicum miliaceum L.) in Lateritic Soils of Western Ghats
Authors: Kakad C.B. , Chavan A.P. , Varnekar K.D. , Game V.N.
Published: February 2021

Background: Proso millet (Panicum miliaceum L.) was considered a self-pollinated annual crop that belongs to the family Poaceae. It was well adapted to many soil and climatic conditions. The productivity was low due to the use of poor quality seed, little or no use of fertilizers, traditional methods of cultivation, delay in nursery sowing and late transplanting. The Integrated Nutrient Supply System (INSS) approach involves the combined use of chemical fertilizers, organic manures and micronutrient fertilizers, which ensures higher crop productions and also helps to restore and sustain soil fertility. Therefore, the study was focused to manage the timely transplanting together with the suitable nutrient combination. Methods: A field experiment was conducted to study the “Effect of seedlings age and different nutrient combinations on growth and yield of Proso Millet (Panicum miliaceum L.) in lateritic soils of Western Ghats” during Kharif, 2016. The experiment was laid out in a split-plot design with four main plots and five subplot treatments. The main plot treatments composed of four ages of seedlings viz. 20, 30, 40 and 50 days. and five subplot treatments of nutrient combinations viz., 100% RDF, 75% RDF + 25% N through FYM, 50% RDF + 50% N through FYM, 25% RDF + 75% N through FYM and 100% N through FYM. Thus, there were twenty treatment combinations, replicated thrice. Result: Results revealed that the proso millet crop transplanted with 30 days old seedlings recorded significantly higher grain yield and straw yield over all other treatments. In nutrient combinations treatments, 100% RDF through chemical fertilizer recorded significantly higher mean plant height hill-1, number of functional leaves hill-1, number of functional tillers hill-1 and plant dry matter accumulation hill-1 than the other treatments and also produced significantly highest yields and yield attributing characters compared to the rest of the nutrient combinations.
Social skills and cyberbullying behavior among students in Hail from the perspective of social work
Authors: Albantan Mishal Alasmar Radhi
Published: February 2021

This study aimed at identifying social skills and their relationship to cyberbullying behaviors among students in the Hail region in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The study was conducted on a sample of (398) male and female students (191 males and 207 females). The study used the descriptive method and developed two questionnaires as instruments of the study, the first on social skills and the second on cyberbullying. The results of the study indicated that the level of social skills of secondary school students in the Hail region was high. There were differences due to the influence of gender in all areas, except for the area of social participation, and the differences were in favor of females in all fields. The results also showed the existence of differences in the level of “social skills” attributed to the “level of academic achievement,” and the differences were in favor of those with higher achievement. The results did not show any differences attributable to "grade" in all areas, except for the field of "social participation," and the differences were between the tenth and eleventh grades. The results found a negative relationship between the level of "social skills" and "bullying behaviors" among secondary school students in the Hail region.

 

Keywords. Cyberbullying, social skills, teenagers, bullying behaviors.
Developing critical thinking skills towards biology course using two active learning strategies
Authors: Alsarayreh Raghad Shaher
Published: February 2021

This study aimed to identify the impact of teaching critical thinking skills on the attitude towards biology courses among female students of tenth grade in Jordan using two active learning strategies. To achieve this, the Critical Thinking Scale and the Attitude towards Biology Scale was used, and its validity and consistency were verified. The sample of the study wad (90) female students from the tenth grade in Southern Mazar Directorate in the academic year (2019-2020). The sample of this study was randomly assigned to three groups: the first was experimental group which consisted of (31) students who studied the genetics unit using the directed investigation strategy. The second was the experimental group which consisted of (29) students who studied the genetics unit using the discussion strategy, but the control group consisted of (30) students who studied the genetics unit in the usual way. Data were collected and analyzed after implementing the experiment, which lasted for two months. The results showed that there were statistically significant differences in performance on the Critical Thinking Scale and the Attitude towards Biology Scale in favor of the two experimental groups. The study recommended adopting active learning strategies in teaching science courses in general and biology courses, in addition to conducting more studies on active learning strategies with other variables and classrooms.

 

Keywords: active learning, investigation, discussion, critical thinking, attitude towards biology
Understanding learning outcomes: Comparing the effect of spacing instruction versus massed instruction
Authors: Sewang Anwar
Published: February 2021

This study is comparing the effects of spacing instruction and massed instruction on Indonesian education students. To fulfill this objective, two intact classes were selected; one as a spacing group and another one as a massed group. Afterward, researcher administering a pre-test measured the skills of participants Islamic education. After that, only then did they receive treatment. In mass classes, the material is taught in an intensive 90-minute session, while the material is taught to space groups in three short sessions (each 30-minute session). After the instructions were carried out, a post-test was carried out in both groups, both mass classes and space groups. Then the post-test result data were analyzed using paired and independent sample t-test. The results showed that there was a significant difference between the post-test spacing group and the mass group. The results of this study indicated that the spacing group significantly outperformed the mass group at the final test. Finally, the implications of the study are discussed.

 

Keywords: Learning Outcomes, Massed instruction, Spacing instruction, education skills;
Assessing the language skills of primary school students with and without learning disabilities in the context of narration
Authors: Seçkin Yılmaz Şaziye
Published: February 2021

This study aims to examine the language skills of Turkish-speaking primary school students who have learning disabilities (LD) and of their peers with typical development (TD) in comparison, by assessing these skills in the context of narration. For this, a comparative descriptive research model was used in the study. The study participants consisted of a total of 70 primary school students: 35 with LD and 35 with TD. To collect the data, two picture books of similar complexity and a story about one of these books were used. The participants were asked to tell the stories in the contexts of narrative tell and narrative retell. The stories told were analysed and scored according to the language features. The findings have shown that the students with LD exhibited lower language performance than their peers with TD in both narrative tell and narrative retell contexts, and both groups’ performances in the language elements were higher in the context of narrative retell. The findings have been discussed in line with the relevant literature, and suggestions for further research and practice have been presented.

Keywords: Learning disability; language skills; language assessment; narrative
Analysis of the factors that influence mathematics achievement in the ASEAN countries
Authors: Maamin Martina , Maat Siti Mistima , Iksan Zanaton H
Published: February 2021

Mathematical achievements affect students in determining their future careers and the economy of a country. However, mathematical achievement in Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) countries has not reached the target, except in Singapore. However, no systematic studies have examined this problem yet. Thus, this study was conducted to identify the factors that influence mathematical achievement in ASEAN countries. Using the guidance of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses statement’s review methodology, systematic reviews using the Scopus and Web of Science databases identified 40 studies related to mathematics achievement in ASEAN countries. The results show that the factors of students, families, teachers, schools and policymakers influence mathematical achievements in ASEAN countries. Thus, mathematical achievement in ASEAN countries is not influenced by students alone. Suggestions in the future should pay serious attention to all factors in order to improve mathematical achievement in ASEAN countries. 

 

Keywords: Mathematics achievement, factors, ASEAN countries, systematic review;
Distance learning hybrid format for university students in post-pandemic perspective: Collaborative technologies aspect
Authors: Masalimova Alfiya R. , Ryazanova Elena L. , Tararina Larisa I. , Sokolova Ekaterina G. , Ikrennikova Yuliya B. , Efimushkina Svetlana V. , Shulga Tatiana I.
Published: February 2021

The relevance of the research is determined by the key ideas of the hybrid format of students distance learning and collaborative technologies of its implementation in the post- pandemic perspective of the university educational process. The authors, taking into account the trends of transformations of the educational process of the university in the post-pandemic perspective, reveal the content of the key concepts of the hybrid format of distance learning for students. The priorities of collaborative technologies aimed at supporting the hybrid format of distance learning of university students are determined. Based on the results of the study, the authors of the article substantiate the productivity and prove the effectiveness of the implementation of platform models of the hybrid distance-learning format. The materials of the article are recommended to teachers and students of the university, methodologists, curators, tutors.

 

Keywords: student's personality, post-pandemic perspective of university development, distance learning, hybrid format of distance learning, mixed learning, collaborative technologies, platform model, pedagogical design
A Biopsychosocial Framework to Examine Risk for Type 2 Diabetes in Asian Pacific Islander Immigrants
Authors: Connor Jorgia B. , Janusek Linda W.
Published: February 2021

There is large disparity in the incidence of Type 2 diabetes (T2D) for Asian Pacific Islanders (APIs), one of the fastest growing minority populations in the United States. It is critical to examine biopsychosocial pathways and vulnerability factors that intensify risk for T2D in API. Increasing evidence links chronic stress to poor health outcomes and accelerated development and progression of diseases of aging, such as diabetes. Immigrant populations face unique life stressors, including the challenges associated with the process of adapting to a new environment, new language, and cultural differences. In addition, immigrants experience high levels of psychological distress related to changes of identity and values, loss of support, discrimination, and disempowerment. The purpose of this article is to propose a biopsychosocial framework to explicate potential mechanistic pathways that link cumulative life stress to risk for T2D in the API immigrant population. Unique to the proposed framework is the emphasis on inflammatory processes and accelerated cellular aging (telomere biology). A deeper understanding of biopsychosocial pathways can lead to tailored and targeted interventions to reduce the incidence of T2D in the API immigrant population.
Anastomosis Groups and Pathogenicity of Rhizoctonia solani Kühn Isolates Obtained from Pistachio (Pistacia vera L.) Saplings in Siirt Province, Turkey
Authors: AYDIN Mehmet Hadi , ÜNAL Filiz
Published: February 2021

Pathogenicity and anastomosis groups of seven Rhizoctonia-like isolates obtained from infected pistachio (Pistacia vera L.) seedlings were determined, in the central district of Siirt province at Southeast Anatolia Region in Turkey. Browning on the crown root of the collected saplings and drying of plants were observed. In the pathogenicity test, the most virulent isolate was Rs2 with a disease severity of 93.75%. The anastomosis group of this isolate, which caused the saplings to dry completely was determined as Rhizoctonia solani AG-4. The moderately virulent Rs3 and Rs1 isolates were determined as the binucleate AG-F group. These two isolates caused yellowing of the seedling leaves and browning of the roots, however, the plants did not die and preserved their vitality to a certain extent. The R9 and R14 isolates identified as anastomosis group AG-F did not cause any symptoms on inoculated plants and on the negative control. The Rs7 and Rs10 isolates were identified as the anastomosis group AG-4 and were determined to be pathogenic in saplings. The results of this study are the first record for the virulence and anastomosis groups of Rhizoctonia species that cause root and crown root diseases in Siirt pistachio.
Bazı Bitki Ekstraktlarının Botrytis cinerea Persoon ve Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Libert) de Bary Üzerindeki Etkinliğinin Belirlenmesi
Authors: ATMACA Sevim , ŞİMŞEK Şeyda , KAYAASLAN Zeliha , PEKBEY Gamze
Published: February 2021

Bu çalışmada, Humulus lupulus L., Bifora radians B. ve Achillea millefolium L.’dan elde edilen metanol ekstraktlarının Botrytis cinerea Persoon ve Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Libert) de Bary bitki patojenlerine karşı etkinlikleri araştırılmıştır. Denemeler; agar petri yöntemiyle 24±1 °C sıcaklıkta, bitki ekstraktlarının % 0.5, % 1, % 2, % 4, % 8 (w/v)’lik dozları kullanılarak yürütülmüştür. Veriler Tukey testi (p
Prospects of Rice Milling Cottage Industry in Niger State of Nigeria
Authors: SADIQ Sanusi , SINGH Invinder Paul , AHMAD Muhammad Makarfi , RAJI Sunday Ozovehe
Published: February 2021

The study determined the prospect of the rice milling cottage industry in Nigeria’s Niger State using cross-sectional data. The data were collected with the aid of a well-structured questionnaire complemented with an interview scheduled from fifty-five (55) active millers chosen through a multi-stage sampling technique. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were used for data analysis. Based on the findings, it can be suggested that the potential of rice milling enterprise in the study area has not been fully explored despite its profitability turnover ratio. The industry is exclusively men enterprise with the majority been low-income earners. Potentials alongside challenges still exist in the rice milling industry as evident by the overwhelming influences of weakness and threat. Millers’ age was observed to be the major inducing factor that increases income inequality among the processors. In lieu of the foregoing, the study advised the millers to adopt a defensive strategy to remain afloat in the industry. In addition, there is a need for capacity building enhancement viz. acquisitions of innovative milling skills by the millers, thus enhancing their managerial efficiency.
Effect of Skipping Irrigation in Different Phenological Periods on Yield and Some Physiological Parameters of Corn (Zea mays L.)
Authors: TAŞ Timuçin
Published: February 2021

This study was carried out in Southeastern Anatolia Region in Turkey between 2017 and 2018 to determine the effect of irrigation skipping in different phenological periods on yield and some physiological properties of corn (Zea mays L.) in second crop conditions. The trial is designed as randomized complete block design with three replications. DKC-6664 hybrid corn variety having classified as moderate maturity in the FAO (650-700) maturity classes were used in the study. Four irrigation skipping periods which are full irrigation treatments (S1, control), irrigation skipping in vegetative growth period (S2), irrigation skipping in pollination period (S3), and irrigation skipping in generative development period (S4) were studied in the research. According to the two-year averages; there were statistically significant differences in hybrid corn variety in terms of investigated characteristics. According to results, grain yield (GY), chlorophyll content (CC, spad), water use efficiency (WUE, mm), crop water stress index (CWSI) and plant water consumption (ETa, mm) were ranged from 12761.5 (S2)-14021.3 (S1) kg ha-1, 39.10 (S4)-44.50 (S1) spad, 1.902 (S1)-2.114 (S3) mm, 0.18 (S3)-0.33 (S4) and 6752 (S3)-7712.0 (S1) mm respectively. Because of drier weather conditions in 2017 compared to 2018, while GY, CC, and WUE parameters decreased, CWSI and ETa parameters increased. In the first year of the trial when dry weather conditions prevailed, the corn variety consumed more water and was more stressed. As a result, yield losses were experienced. There were positive and significant correlations between GY and CC and WUE, and negative and significant correlations between CWSI. The results of the study indicated that irrigation should not be skipped during the entire vegetative period for economical and profitable corn production in semi-arid regions.
Problematika Normatif Jaminan Hak-Hak Pekerja Dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2020 Tentang Cipta Kerja
Authors: Sjaiful Muh
Published: February 2021

Tujuan penelitian adalah menganalisis problematika normatif muatan pasal yang terkandung dalam Undang-Undang Cipta Lapangan Kerja dan untuk mengungkap filosofi konseptual yang melandasi lahirnya  Undang-Undang Cipta Lapangan Kerja sehingga dianggap tidak egaliter serta akomodatif menjamin hak-hak untuk mendapatkan kesejahteraan ekonomi para pekerja. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode dengan tipe penelitian hukum normatif. Pendekatannya adalah pendekatan filosofis konseptual dan pendekatan undang-undang. Penelitian ini juga menggunakan pendekatan hukum sosiologis sebagai alat bantu dalam tipe penelitian hukum normatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Undang-Undang Cipta Lapangan Kerja masih menyimpan sejumlah problematika normatif, yakni belum memberikan jaminan kepastian hukum bagi perlindungan hak-hak pekerja, semisal upah yang layak, jaminan kesehatan, hak cuti/hamil. Undang-undang hanya mengakomodir kepentingan pengusaha sehingga dapat berimplikasi PHK terhadap buruh/pekerja secara sepihak. Penyebabnya terpokok terpokok kepada spirit ekonomi liberalistik yang menjadi basis fundamental kelahiran undang-undang tersebut. Inilah yang menuai penolakan sebahagian besar masyarakat terhadap undang-undang cipta lapangan kerja yang belakangan sudah digodok DPR.
Is Democracy Possible in Thailand?
Authors: Rogozhina N.
Published: February 2021

The political development of Thailand in XXIth century is characterized by a deep split of the society into opponents and supporters of democratization. The latter are consolidated around the figure of Taksin Sinavatra, the former prime minister. He was overthrown by the military in 2006, but still enjoys the support of the popular majority he gained due to his economic policy aimed at improving the life conditions of the poor in periphery regions. The triumph of his parties in elections since 2001 caused the new power balance in politics traditionally viewed as a focal area of the political establishment – the representatives of the Bangkok upper and middle classes only. The marginalization of their position in the political system and the impossibility of coming to power through elections determined their integration into the anti-government movement, for the purpose of cancelling the representative democracy system that doesn’t meet the interests of the traditional political elite finding itself in a “minority” and unwilling to be under the reign of a “majority”. The deepening of the political crisis provoked the military into undertaking the coup d’état in May 2014 and establishing an authoritarian regime, which ensured the accrescency of power for the traditional elite. Nevertheless, as the author concludes, the future political development of Thailand seems unclear. The power of military in cooperation with their civilian followers is unlikely to reconcile the society, split by class differences and political aspirations. The contemporary political development of Thailand reflects the situation when the “populace” doesn’t want just to remain under control any longer, and the “upper strata” refuses to be under the rule of the electoral majority. The main question raised today is not of the Taksin's destiny, but of an alternative for the Thailand's future political development – restricted democracy directed by upper classes, or representative democracy.
Japan’s Special Tariff System: Practice of Administration
Authors: Podoba Z. , Gorshkov V.
Published: February 2021

This paper examines Special Tariff System (tokubetsu kanzei seido) and its role in the system of trade remedies in Japan. By particularly focusing on measures of anti-dumping, countervailing, emergency, and retaliatory duties the authors implement a comprehensive analysis on both theoretical background and empirical case studies of application of the Special Tariff System and identify peculiar features of its regulation by government authorities. This paper argues that the specificity of Japan’s Special Tariff System is mainly expressed in its institutional context, comprising of salient state regulation, lack of legal transparency and dispersion of the regulating acts on trade remedies in the system of Japanese legislation, pluralism of regulatory authorities and overlapping of their jurisdiction in managing the application of such measures. In addition, this paper provides a systematic view of current legislation on trade remedies in Japan and aims to identify the reasons of infrequent practical application of the Special Tariff System. The authors conclude that bureaucratic barriers, low integrity of the legislation on trade remedies, lack of cooperation between regulatory authorities, resource-based structure of Japanese import are the factors accountable for the infrequency of practical application of the System. Nevertheless, due to the increased import of goods from emerging economies in recent years, namely from China, Republic of Korea, and Taiwan, there is a high probability that the sphere of application of Japan’s Special Tariff System might be extended. Acknowledgments. The paper is prepared in the framework of Saint Petersburg State University’s projects №13.39.327.2014 “Trade remedies in the contemporary international trading system: applicability of international experience for the Customs Union of Russia, Belarus and Kazakhstan” and №13.54.1140.2014 “Scholarship program of JTI and Saint Petersburg State University”.
Adaptive Network Automata Modelling of Complex Networks
Authors: Muscoloni Alessandro , Michieli Umberto , Cannistraci Carlo Vittorio
Published: February 2021

Many complex networks have a connectivity that might be only partially detected or that tends to grow over time, hence the prediction of non-observed links is a fundamental problem in network science. The aim of topological link prediction is to forecast these non-observed links by only exploiting features intrinsic to the network topology. It has a wide range of real applications, like suggesting friendships in social networks or predicting interactions in biological networks.The Cannistraci-Hebb theory is a recent achievement in network science that includes a theoretical framework to understand local-based link prediction on paths of length n. In this study we introduce two innovations: theory of modelling (science) and theory of realization (engineering). For the theory of modelling we first recall a definition of network automata as a general framework for modelling the growth of connectivity in complex networks. We then show that several deterministic models previously developed fall within this framework and we introduce novel network automata following the Cannistraci-Hebb rule. For the theory of realization, we present how to build adaptive network automata for link prediction, which incorporate multiple deterministic models of self-organization and automatically choose the rule that better explains the patterns of connectivity in the network under investigation. We compare Cannistraci-Hebb adaptive (CHA) network automaton against state-of-the-art link prediction methods such as structural perturbation method (SPM), stochastic block models (SBM) and artificial intelligence algorithms for graph embedding. CHA displays an overall higher link prediction performance across different evaluation frameworks on 1386 networks. Finally, we highlight that CHA offers the key advantage to explicitly explain the mechanistic rule of self-organization which leads to the link prediction performance, whereas SPM and graph embedding not. In comparison to CHA, SBM unfortunately shows irrelevant and unsatisfactory performance demonstrating that SBM modelling is not adequate for link prediction in real networks.
Triazole Fungicides Residues and Their Inhibitory Effect on Some Trichothecenes Mycotoxins Excretion in Wheat Grains
Authors: Thabit Tamer M.A. , Abdelkareem Eman M. , Bouqellah Nahla A. , Shokr Shokr A.
Published: February 2021

Wheat is one of the global strategic crops and ranks third in terms of cereals production. Wheat crop is exposed to many fungal infections during the cultivation stages, some of which have the ability to secrete numbers of toxic secondary metabolites that threaten the quality of grains, consumer health, producer economics and global trade exchange. Fifty-four random samples were collected from wheat which originated from different countries. The samples included 14 of soft wheat to study the extent of their contamination with Deoxynivalenol (DON) and T-2 toxin by auto-ELISA technology and r-biopharm Microtiter plate. All samples were contaminated with DON toxin except one sample, and the contamination average ranged between 40.7 and 1018.8 µg kg-1. The highest contamination rates were in Lithuanian and the lowest in Indian wheat. Meanwhile the highest average level of T-2 toxin contamination was in Lithuanian wheat grains with a rate of 377.4µg kg-1 and the lowest in Polish wheat with an average of 115.3µg kg-1. GC-MS/MS and multiple reaction monitoring mode (MRM), was used to detect 15 triazole derivatives in collected samples, which may be used to combat fungal diseases on wheat during the growing season. Only 9 derivatives were found; Simeconazole, Penconazole, Hexaconazole, Cyproconazole, Diniconazole, Tebuconazole, Metconazole, Fenbuconazole and Difenoconazole. These derivatives varied according to the origin of wheat samples as well as their its concentration whereas, another 6 derivatives were not detected in all samples. A direct inverse relationship was found between the DON concentration in the samples and the residues of Simeconazole, Penconazole, Diniconazole, Tebuconazole, Metconazole, Fenbuconazole and Difenoconazole and the T-2 toxin showed the same relationship except for Tebuconazole. The safe and rational use of some triazole derivatives may be a new approach and a promising strategy not only to reduce plant diseases and their problems, but also to get rid of some mycotoxins as contaminates.
The Influence of Probiotic Supplementation on Depressive Symptoms, Inflammation and Oxidative Stress Parameters and Faecal Microbiota in Patients with Depression Depending on Metabolic Syndrome Comorbidity – PRO-DEMET Randomised Study Protocol
Authors: Gawlik-Kotelnicka Oliwia , Skowrońska Anna , Margulska Aleksandra , Czarnecka-Chrebelska Karolina H. , Łoniewski Igor , Skonieczna-Żydecka Karolina , Strzelecki Dominik
Published: February 2021

There is a huge need to search for new treatment options and potential biomarkers of therapeutic response to antidepressant treatment. Depression and metabolic syndrome often coexist while pathophysiological overlap, including microbiota changes, may play a role. The aim of the study is to assess the effect of probiotic supplementation on symptoms of depression, anxiety and stress, metabolic parameters, inflammation and oxidative stress markers, and faecal microbiota in adult patients with depressive disorders depending on the co-occurance of MetS. The trial will be a four-arm, parallel group, prospective, randomized, double-blind, controlled design that will include 200 participants and will last 20 weeks. The probiotic preparation will contain Lactobacillus helveticus Rosell®-52, Bifidobacterium longum Rosell®-175. We will assess the level of depression, anxiety and stress, quality of life, blood pressure, body mass index and waist circumference, white blood cells count, serum levels of C-reactive protein, HDL cholesterol, triglicerides, fasting glucose, faecal microbiota composition and the level of some faecal microbiota metabolites, as well as inflammation markers and oxidative stress parameters in serum. The trial may establish a safe and easy-to-use treatment option as an adjunct in a subpopulation of depressive patients only partially responsive to pharmacologic treatment. (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: ).
Trastuzumab Modulates the Protein Cargo of Extracellular Vesicles Released by ERBB2+ Breast Cancer Cells
Authors: Marconi Silvia , Santamaria Sara , Bertolucci Martina , Stigliani Sara , Aiello Cinzia , Gagliani Maria Cristina , Bellese Grazia , Petretto Andrea , Cortese Katia , Castagnola Patrizio
Published: February 2021

Cancers overexpressing the ERBB2 oncogene are aggressive and associated with a poor prognosis. Trastuzumab is a ERBB2 specific recombinant antibody employed for the treatment of these diseases since it blocks ERBB2 signaling causing growth arrest and survival inhibition. While the effects of Trastuzumab on ERBB2 cancer cells are well known, those on the extracellular vesicles released from these cells are scarce. This study focused on ERBB2+ breast cancer cells and aimed to establish what type of EVs they release and whether Trastuzumab affects their morphology and molecular composition. To these aims, we performed immunoelectron microscopy, immunoblot, and high-resolution mass spectrometry analyses on EVs purified by differential centrifugation of culture supernatant. Here we show that EVs released from ERBB2+ breast cancer cells are polymorphic in size and appearance, and that ERBB2 is preferentially associated with large (120 nm) EVs. Moreover, we report that Tz induces the expression of a specific glycosylated 50 kDa isoform of the CD63 tetraspanin and modulates the expression of 51 EVs proteins, including TOP1. As these proteins are functionally associated with organelle organization, cytokinesis, and response to lipids, we suggest that Tz may influence these cellular processes in target cells at distant sites via modified EVs.
Identification of huanglongbing Based on Visual Symptoms: a Grower’s Diagnostic Toolkit
Authors: Tipu Mohammad Monirul Hasan , Masud Md. Mostafa , Jahan Raunak , Baroi Artho , Hoque A. K. M. A.
Published: February 2021

Citrus Greening, which is mainly caused by bacteria, is one of the severe citrus diseases affecting all citrus cultivars and causing the deliberate abolition of trees worldwide. This infectious disease cannot be spread by wind, rain, or contact by contaminated personnel. The primary vector that spreads this disease through feeding citrus leaves is the Asian citrus psyllid (ACP), a minuscule insect. The management of citrus greening is also very costly as there is no fruitful technique is developed to cure this disease except removing all infected plants from good ones to eliminate the dissemination of the pathogen. Citrus greening identification is also the most difficult job, as the symptoms are similar to other citrus diseases and nutrient deficiency. Asymmetrical blotchy mottling patterns on leaves are the main symptoms to detect this disease. Here we have discussed some visual signs of citrus greening, which will ultimately help root level farmers to identify and prevent this disease before it drastically impacts citrus plants. Whether it is affected by citrus greening or lack of nutrients, we have also discussed the pen test method of determining the symptoms as symmetrical or asymmetrical across the mid-vein.
EIMECA: A Proposal for a Model of Collective Environmental Actions
Authors: Carmona-Moya Beatriz , Calvo-Salguero Antonia , Aguilar-Luzón M.Carmen
Published: February 2021

The deterioration and destruction of the environment is becoming more and more considerable and greater efforts are needed to stop it. To accomplish this feat, all members of society must identify with environmental problems, with collective environmental action being one of the most relevant means of doing so. From this perspective, the analysis of the psychosocial factors that lead to participation in environmental collective action emerges as a priority objective in the research agenda. Thus, the aim of this study is to examine the role of "environmental identity" as conceptualized by Clayton, as a central axis for explaining environmental collective action. The inclusion of the latter in the theoretical framework of the SIMCA model gives rise to the model that we have called EIMECA. Two studies were conducted, and the results reveal that environmental identity, a variety of negative affects, as well as group efficacy accompanied by hope for a simultaneous additive effect, are critical when it comes to predicting environmental collective action.
Mathematical Phenomenon of Genetic Link G-U
Authors: Kozlov Nicolay Nicolayevich , Kugushev Evgeny Ivanovich
Published: February 2021

As you know, the secondary structure of RNA molecules, unlike DNA, in addition to canonical or Watson-Crick pairs, non-canonical G-U pairs, this is guanine - uracil. The last pairs were established experimentally by X-ray diffraction analysis and are still a mystery to researchers. The fact is that such pairs are 5-10 times energetically weaker than the canonical pairs A-U, C-G. The question arises: why are such pairs needed? The study was carried out in the framework of the strict mathematical analogy established earlier by the authors of some cases of genetic overlaps and stems of the secondary structure of messenger RNAs. In this work, it is shown that due to the non-canonical G-U pair, using the new ambiguities found, it is possible to substantially “regulate” the stem free energy (even for small stems) - the most important biochemical characteristic. It turned out that the discovered effect for G-U pairs significantly exceeds a similar effect for canonical pairs A-U, C-G.
PERAN AYAH SINGLE PARENT DALAM MENJALANKAN FUNGSI KELUARGA PADA MASYARAKAT MISKIN DI KELURAHAN NUSUKAN KECAMATAN BANJARSARI KOTA SURAKARTA
Authors: Rastiti Tri Dyah , Sakuntalawati Ratna Devi
Published: February 2021

The objective of this thesis research was to describe the role of single parent fathers in carrying out family functions in poor communities in Nusukan Village, Banjarsari Sub-District, Surakarta City. The theory used in this study was the role set theory proposed by Robert K. Merton. This study used a qualitative approach with naturalistic inquiry research method. The sampling technique used was snowball sampling and purposive sampling. The results showed that single parent fathers had carried out family functions. For the socialization function, fathers had become teachers and role models for their children, so that the children had good character. Affection function showed that the fathers became children’s playmate, so that the children became more excited and formed self-confidence and independence. In addition, the fathers had given love and affection to their children. The status determination function showed that the fathers had provided support to the children and appreciated their potential. The protection function showed that the fathers had protected and taught discipline to their children. For the economic function, the fathers had fulfilled the needs of children’s food, clothing and simple housing. In carrying out family functions, the fathers not only had social relationships with their children, such as the oldest child, neighbors, grandmother, siblings, the father’s friends, the school party, and the owner of food stalls and shops.

 
In Vivo Imaging of Fibroblast Activity Using a 68Ga-Labeled Fibroblast Activation Protein Alpha (FAP-α) Inhibitor
Authors: Zhang Xueying , Chen Daoyun , Babich John W. , Green Samuel J.E. , Deng Xiang-Hua , Rodeo Scott A.
Published: February 2021

Background:

Rotator cuff repair site failure is a well-established clinical concern. Tendon-to-bone healing is initiated by inflammatory mediators followed by matrix synthesis by fibroblasts. The kinetics of fibroblast accumulation and activity are currently poorly understood.

Methods:

Ninety-six mice underwent supraspinatus tendon repair. Six were used for imaging using a novel 68Gallium (Ga)-labeled fibroblast activation protein alpha (FAP-α) inhibitor and positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET/CT) at days 0 (before surgery), 3, 7, 14, and 28. Sixty-eight animals were divided into 4 groups to be evaluated at 3, 7, 14, or 28 days. Twenty-two native shoulders from mice without surgery were used as the control group (intact tendon). Six animals from each group were used for histological analysis; 6 from each group were used for evaluation of fibroblastic response-related gene expression; and 10 mice each from the intact, 14-day, and 28-day groups were used for biomechanical testing.

Results:

There was minimal localization of 68Ga-labeled FAP-α inhibitor in the shoulders at day 0 (before surgery). There was significantly increased uptake in the shoulders with surgery compared with the contralateral sides without surgery at 3, 7, and 14 days. 68Ga-labeled FAP-α inhibitor uptake in the surgically treated shoulders increased gradually and peaked at 14 days followed by a decrease at 28 days. Gene expression for smooth muscle alpha (α)-2 (acta2), FAP-α, and fibronectin increased postsurgery followed by a drop at 28 days. Immunohistochemical analysis showed that FAP-α-positive cell density followed a similar temporal trend, peaking at 14 days. All trends matched closely with the PET/CT results. Biomechanical testing demonstrated a gradual increase in failure load during the healing process.

Conclusions:

68Ga-labeled FAP-α inhibitor PET/CT allows facile, high-contrast in vivo 3-dimensional imaging of fibroblastic activity in a mouse rotator cuff repair model.

Clinical Relevance:

Noninvasive imaging of activated fibroblasts using labeled radiotracers may be a valuable tool to follow the progression of healing at the bone-tendon interface.
Low-Back Pain Revealing an Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm in a 15-Year-Old Girl
Authors: Gaumetou Elodie , Mihluedo-Agbolan Komlan A. , Souchet Anne S. , Maupain Olivier
Published: February 2021

Case:

An abdominal aortic aneurysm is rarely seen in children. We report the case of a 15-year-old girl who presented with lower back pain in a subfebrile setting with moderate biological inflammatory syndrome. Imaging assessment, including a spinal magnetic resonance imaging, had shown no evidence of spondylodiscitis or other spinal or renal pathology. Ten days later, she presented in hemorrhagic shock and was found to have a ruptured infected aneurysm of the abdominal aorta.

Conclusions:

This case reminds us to include an aneurysm in the differential diagnosis of lower back pain, even in children.
Delivering the Strengthening Families Program to Native American Families During COVID-19: Lessons & Next Steps
Authors: Davis Sharah A , Mendenhall Amy N. , Levy Michelle Marie , Holmes Cheryl , Fairman Maria , Jung EuiJin
Published: February 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic (COVID) of 2020 has forced adaptation for all Americans. Programs that serve Native American children and families are particularly critical during this time due to the disproportionate risks and disparities faced by this population. The objective of this qualitative evaluation is to gather adult participant feedback on strengths and needed changes with a telehealth adaptation of the Strengthening Families Program. This evaluation builds on previous knowledge of SFP group leadership which suggests that supportive helping relationships paired with dynamic flexibility are facilitators of effective family engagement. Participant feedback suggests that caregiver’s felt comfort, care, and genuine concern. In addition all participants noticed a difference in their families’ communication and relationships. Although tragic and challenging, the COVID-19 pandemic, forced a spotlight on barriers (limited internet access, social services, and food resources) that were needed to sustain participation and increase resilience among Native American residents in this mid-western state.  The individualized planning and checking in on every level which started out as a “how do we replicated this service” became about building resilience strategies for Native American families in this critical time in history.