bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Last Glacial Maximum and deglaciation in central Patagonia, 44°S–49°S
Authors: Mendelova M. , Hein A.S. , McCulloch R. , Davies B.
Published: May 2017

This paper reviews published geochronological data on glacier fluctuations and environmental changes in central Patagonia (44° S - 49° S) from the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) through to the Holocene. Well-dated glacial chronologies from the southern mid-latitudes can inform on the synchronicity of glacial advances worldwide and provide insight on the drivers of southern hemisphere glaciations. In central Patagonia, two large outlet lobes of the former Patagonian Ice Sheet advanced in broad synchrony with the global LGM. In contrast to other parts of Patagonia, there is no convincing evidence for a more extensive local LGM advance during Marine Isotope Stage 3. Deglaciation initiated at ca. 19 ka, earlier than in other parts of Patagonia and regionally in the Southern Hemisphere, and rapid deglaciation saw ice margins retreat in places by at least 80-120 km within a few millennia. The Lateglacial glacier margins are poorly constrained, but an ice mass substantial enough to maintain a large regional proglacial lake must have persisted at this time. The timing of lake drainage and opening of the Río Baker drainage route to the Pacific Ocean is debated; the only directly dated shoreline suggests this occurred at the end of the Antarctic Cold Reversal at 12.7 ka. Palaeoecological evidence for cooling during the Antarctic Cold Reversal or Younger Dryas remains equivocal, which may reflect both the eurythermic nature of Patagonian vegetation and shifting Southern Westerly Winds. Eastern outlet glaciers appear to have advanced or stabilised at the Lateglacial/Holocene transition when palaeoenvironmental records indicate warmer and drier conditions, but the reason for this is unclear. Our review reveals both spatial and temporal gaps in available data that provide avenues for future research.
Factors for non-acceptance of contraceptive methods amongst married women of reproductive age group in rural Patna
Authors: Shree Vijay , Prasad R. R. , Kumar Sanjay , Sinha Setu , Choudhary Sanjay Kumar
Published: May 2017

Background: Population explosion has been India's major problem since independence. It is a major obstacle to the overall progress of the nation. Adoption of family planning methods is one of the best solutions to tackle this problem. The present study was planned to determine the factors for non-acceptance of different contraceptive methods among married women of reproductive age group in rural areas of Patna.Methods: Study design: a community based cross sectional study. Study population: married women of reproductive age group (15-45 years). Study period: January 2012- July 2013. Study area: field practice area of PHC Sampatchak, Patna. Sample size: 705 using formula n =4p* q/d2. Study tool: pre tested semi-structured proforma. Collected data was analysed using latest version of SPSS. Results: 705 married women of reproductive age group were surveyed and it was found that out of 705 women only 230 (32.65%) were using contraceptive methods. Amongst the users 70.87% were using permanent method of contraception and that too female sterilization. Of the temporary method users (29.13%) 2.60% were using condom, 15.21% were using OCP (oral contraceptive pills) and 11.30% were using IUCD (Intra Uterine Contraceptive Device). Choice of contraceptive method was mostly OCP (71.4%) when duration of marriage was <5 years. Greater the duration of married life more was the acceptance of Tubectomy. The main reasons for non-acceptance of contraceptives method was desire for child (31.17%) followed by fear of side effects (21.05%). Want of male child and opposition by husband accounted for 8.45% &12% respectively. Conclusions: There is tremendous need to increase use of temporary contraceptives for spacing after one or two children. Male involvement in RCH care is essential. It is important to increase their participation as husbands often influence their wife’s decision regarding reproductive health.
A quantitative comparison of gross tumor volumes delineated on [18F]-FDG-PET/CT scan and contrast-enhanced computed tomography scan in locally advanced head and neck carcinoma treated with Intensity Modulated Radiotherapy
Authors: Burela Nagarjuna , Soni Tej Prakash , Patni Nidhi , Bhagat JK , Kumar T Senthil , Natarajan Thiru
Published: May 2017

Accurate tumor diagnosis is important in highly conformal techniques such as Intensity Modulated Radiotherapy (IMRT), which aims for high therapeutic ratio. We compared Gross Tumor Volume (GTV) (primary and nodal) delineated on 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography ([18F]-FDG-PET) scan to those delineated on contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT) scan and its impact on staging treated by IMRT. A total of 30 consecutive patients with locally advanced squamous cell carcinoma of head and neck were included in this study. FDG-PET and CECT scans were performed with dedicated positron emission tomography–computed tomography (PET/CT) scanner in a single session as part of radiotherapy treatment planning for IMRT. After treatment with concurrent chemoradiotherapy, all patients were followed for one year. Three out of 30 patients were excluded from the final analysis, as there was complete remission in PET/CT after neoadjuvant chemotherapy. For remaining 27 cases, the primary sites were 17 oropharynx, 2 hypopharynx, 7 larynx and 1 unknown primary with secondary neck node. PET–CT resulted in changes of CT-based staging in 25% patients (up-staged in 3 and down-staged in 4). GTV delineated on PET vs CT scan was GTV-PET (primary) of 20.15 cm3 vs GTV-CT (primary) of 18.75 cm3, p = 0.803; and GTV-PET (nodes) of 28.45 cm3 vs GTV-CT (nodes) of 21.56 cm3, p = 0.589. The mismatch between two target volumes was statistically insignificant (p = 0.635 for GTV primary, p = 0.187 for nodes). The mean GTV-PET outside CT for primary was 5.83 cm3, and for node was 8.47 cm3. Median follow-up was 12 months. One-year loco-regional control was 92%. The target delineation of GTV can be improved with functional imaging [18F]-FDG-PET/CT.
Выбор конкурентной стратегии развития и функционирования предприятия
Authors: Трифонов Юрий Васильевич Юрий Васильевич , Ширяева Юлия Сергеевна Юлия Сергеевна , Перцева Любовь Николаевна Любовь Николаевна
Published: May 2017

В статье рассматриваются подходы, позволяющие отнести предприятие к одному из классов состояний предприятий в пространстве конкурентоспособности. Проводится группировка факторов влияющих на конкурентоспособность предприятия. Предлагается схема выбора конкурентных стратегий развития и функционирования предприятий в зависимости от конкретного состояния предприятия и его позиционирования в рыночной среде.
К вопросу о выделении высокотехнологичных отраслей и комплексов
Authors: Глушак Николай Владимирович
Published: May 2017

В настоящей статье предлагается синтез критериев выделения высокотехнологичных отраслей и комплексов. В рамках ревизии теоретико- методологических подходов были выдвинуты и обоснованы три критерия: инновационности, наукоемкости и системности базовой инновации. Соот-ветственно предложена количественная интерпретация показателей и синтезирована дефиниция «высокая технология».
Совершенствование биоадекватного квантового управления на основе использования нейрокомпьютерных технологий
Authors: Горбов Николай Михайлович , Горбова Татьяна Михайловна , Погонышев Владимир Анатольевич , Погонышева Дина Алексеевна
Published: May 2017

Увеличение потоков информации, используемой в процессе управления социально-экономическими системами, ее асимметрия, многовариантность решений обусловливают поиск инновационных технологий управления бизнес-процессами. В статье обоснован переход к управлению, основанному на генетических исследованиях, квантовых и природоподобных технологиях; выделены единицы экономической деятельности людей; обоснована структура профессионального мировоззрения; предложена методика оценки уровня сформированности профессионального мировоззрения субъектов социально-экономического процесса на основе применения нейрокомпьютерных технологий
Aprendizagem Tecnológica e Inovação Industrial em Economias Emergentes: uma Breve Contribuição para o Desenho e Implementação de Estudos Empíricos e Estratégias no Brasil
Authors: Figueiredo Paulo N.
Published: May 2017

O tema estratégia de inovação industrial entrou formalmente na agenda de discussão e ação governamental no Brasil no final dos anos 1960. Desde então, tem havido uma profusão de estudos baseados em descrições, análises e propostas relativas a estratégias de inovação industrial no País. A despeito do grande mérito dos vários trabalhos neste campo no Brasil, ainda há uma escassez de contribuições conceituais e, principalmente, gerenciais voltadas para o aprimoramento do desenho e da implementação de estudos empíricos e de tais estratégias. Por isso, este artigo tem seu foco em duas tarefas: a primeira é clarificar certas definições relativas ao desenho e implementação de estudos empíricos e de estratégias de inovação industrial a partir da perspectiva de aprendizagem tecnológica no contexto de economias emergentes; a segunda é apresentar métricas associadas à operacionalização de tais estudos e estratégias, particularmente no Brasil. Espera-se com isso contribuir para ampliar a compreensão sobre o intricado processo de desenvolvimento tecnológico na indústria, no contexto de economias emergentes e, assim, auxiliar pesquisadores e gestores envolvidos com a gestão da inovação industrial no Brasil.
DEFINICJA PAPIERÓW WARTOŚCIOWYCH DŁUŻNYCH
Authors: Chłopecki Andrzej
Published: May 2017

Definition of Debt SecuritiesSummaryThe main subject of this article is the definition of debt securities in Polish civil law. This expression („debt securities”) used in many parliaments bills, was not defined on the level of the parliaments bill. Especially in cases of so called „hybrid securities” (securities with the mixed legal nature) there is a necessity to analyze and define their legal nature. This article gives a very short overview on the different types of securities and proposes their systematical classification. The main conclusion of this article is: either in the case of the mixed nature of securities, the right to demand from the issuer to withdraw securities (to pay for them or exchange them into a different type of securities) determines the legal nature of securities as debt securities.
PIERWIASTKI ROMANISTYCZNE W PRAWIE SPADKOWYM I STATUTU LITEWSKIEG O
Authors: Godek Sławomir
Published: May 2017

Roman Elements in Testamentary Regulations of I Lithuanian StatuteS u m m a ryRoman law, alongside Lithuanian, Ruthenian, Polish, German and canon law, was one of the many sources of I Lithuanian Statute of 1529. However, it is still not clear how and within what scope the authors of the Lithuanian codification used Roman law. At some point researchers of the subject held the view that the reception of elements of elaborate Roman law could not have possibly happened before II Statute of 1566, from witch such elements were transferred to III Statute of 1588. It seems, however, that a number of Roman elements were already present in I Statute; later on, in the course of the creation of II and III Statute, Roman elements were considerably multiplied and expanded. An interesting subject for research in this connection is testamentary law in I Lithuanian Statute. For instance, Roman law did not allow for wills to be drawn up by minors, slaves, heretics, sons who remained under the authority of their fathers, and by insane persons. The same regulations are to be found in I Statute. It should be emphasized that the reception of Roman legal institution by the Lithuanian codification went as far as to include even exceptions to the general rules; thus, sons were allowed to make wills with respect to their separate property, and insane persons were allowed to make wills when they were in a sound state of mind. I Statute also adopted the Roman legal principle that allowed a testator to freely change his will at any moment in his life. An impact of the Roman legal system can also be seen in I Statute regulations concerning the capacity to be a witness to will making. Under I Statute, persons lacking will-making capacity and women could not be witnesses to will making. It also appears that disinheritance as a legal sanction for hitting or insulting one of the parents was taken over by I Statute from Roman law, perhaps via Byzantine law.An analysis of the regulations of I Statute leads one to the conclusion that the first codification was already under the influence of Roman law, and that the influence was more significant that previously believed. In view of the above observations, further research on the issue may lead to interesting results.
SKUTKI PRAWNE ORZECZEŃ TRYBUNAŁU KONSTYTUCYJNEGO W UJĘCIU CZASOWYM
Authors: Trzaskowski Roman
Published: May 2017

Effects of Constitutional Tribunal’s Judgments in the Time PerspectiveSummaryThe problem of the time effects of the Constitutional Tribunal’s rulings remain within the area of interest of both constitutional and civil law scholars. It is widely discussed because of its enormous practical importance: more and more often the common courts and the Supreme Court have to deal with the laws which have been declared unconstitutional.The main question is whether the courts should apply the unconstitutional law while deciding on a case in which legally significant events had taken place before the law was declared null and void.The Polish Constitution does not give a clear answer to this question. The most important provisions seem to be contradictory, which makes it possible to use them as arguments for opposing positions.The scholars’ opinions differ significantly: some of them, followed by the Supreme Court, accept the so-called „retrospective” effect (the unconstitutional law cannot by applied), the others, together with the Constitutional Tribunal, take the opposite view. A few try to find a compromise.The proposition presented in this paper is to be classified as belonging to the third group.Indeed it seems that there is a need for a flexible approach. The time effects of a ruling shall be expressly stated by the Constitutional Tribunal. When the Tribunal fails to do so, the common courts have to asses themselves the rulings’ effects, being guided, among other things, by the principles of the civil law. There are strong arguments that the Constitution seems to favor the retroactive effect, yet it is not decisive. There are certainly situations, where a prospecitve effect shall be accepted: ultimately it is a question of balancing different constitutional and civil law values.
Production Analysis of Tight Sandstone Reservoir in Consideration of Stress-Sensitive Permeability
Authors: Shen Yinghao , Yang Xinyu , Zhang Yuelei
Published: May 2017

Background:

Tight sandstone reservoirs play an important role in the oil industry. The permeability of tight sandstone reservoir generally has stronger stress sensitivity than that of conventional reservoir because of the latter’s poor physical properties. However, the production analysis of tight sandstone reservoir did not fully considered the stress-sensitive permeability yet.

Objective:

This paper proposed a production analysis method considering the stress- sensitive permeability.

Method:

This paper firtstly investigated the stress sensitivity characteristics and the effect of stress-sensitive permeability on a tight reservoir. Decline-type curves that consider stress-sensitive permeability are then established, and a systematic analysis method was built for the production analysis to obtain the single-well controlled dynamic reserves and reservoir physical properties.

Results:

A field analysis was performed in combination with Block Yuan-284 of Changqing Oilfield. Results show that with the reduction of reservoir pressure, stress sensitivity leads to the decline in reservoir permeability and the increase in seepage resistance, thus reducing the actual single-well controlled reserve and radius.

Conclusion:

By utilizing the analysis method based on the decline curves, we can effectively predict the single-well controlled dynamic reserves of such reservoirs and evaluate the characteristic parameters of reservoirs.
Association of Parameters of Mineral Bone Disorder with Mortality in Patients on Hemodialysis according to Level of Residual Kidney Function
Authors: Wang Mengjing , Obi Yoshitsugu , Streja Elani , Rhee Connie M. , Lau Wei Ling , Chen Jing , Hao Chuanming , Hamano Takayuki , Kovesdy Csaba P. , Kalantar-Zadeh Kamyar
Published: May 2017

Background and objectives

The relationship between mineral and bone disorders and survival according to residual kidney function status has not been previously studied in patients on hemodialysis. We hypothesized that residual kidney function, defined by renal urea clearance, modifies the association between mineral and bone disorder parameters and mortality.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements

The associations of serum phosphorus, albumin-corrected calcium, intact parathyroid hormone, and alkaline phosphatase with all-cause mortality were examined across three strata (<1.5, 1.5 to <3.0, and ≥3.0 ml/min per 1.73 m2) of baseline residual renal urea clearance using Cox models adjusted for clinical characteristics and laboratory measurements in 35,114 incident hemodialysis patients from a large United States dialysis organization over the period of 2007–2011.

Results

A total of 8102 (23%) patients died during the median follow-up of 1.3 years (interquartile range, 0.6–2.3 years). There was an incremental mortality risk across higher serum phosphorus concentrations, which was pronounced among patients with higher residual renal urea clearance (P
interaction=0.001). Lower concentrations of serum intact parathyroid hormone were associated with higher mortality among patients with low residual renal urea clearance (i.e., <1.5 ml/min per 1.73 m2), whereas higher concentrations showed a higher mortality risk among patients with greater residual renal urea clearance (i.e., ≥1.5 ml/min per 1.73 m2; P
interaction<0.001). Higher serum corrected total calcium and higher alkaline phosphatase concentrations consistently showed higher mortality risk (P
trend<0.001 for both) irrespective of residual renal urea clearance strata (P
interaction=0.34 and P
interaction=0.53, respectively).

Conclusions

Residual kidney function modified the mortality risk associated with serum phosphorus and intact parathyroid hormone among incident hemodialysis patients. Future studies are needed to examine whether taking account for residual kidney function into the assessment of mortality risk associated with serum phosphorus and intact parathyroid hormone improves patient management and clinical outcomes in the hemodialysis population.
La Asociación de Bibliotecarios de Baja California (ABIBAC) y su participación en la formación de los bibliotecarios bajacalifornianos, 2003-2009
Authors: Jiménez Fragozo María Elena
Published: May 2017

Los antecedentes de la Asociación de Bibliotecarios de Baja California, ABIBAC, son una serie de eventos académicos realizados en nuestro estado desde 1989, tales como los talleres de entrenamiento en Bibliotecología, el Diplomado sistemas y procesos electrónicos aplicados al manejo de la información en bibliotecas, los cursos Evaluación de revistas científicas, y teoría y método del servicio de información y referencia, así como los cursos de Evaluación de sistemas y servicios de información documental, y planeación y organización de servicios bibliotecarios, este último impartido por el licenciado César Augusto Ramírez Velázquez, quien solicitó, como trabajo final del curso, el Proyecto de capacitación y actualización para el personal bibliotecario de Baja California, el cual permitió la calendarización de una serie de reuniones que concluyeron con el registro formal de ABIBAC el 19 de marzo de 2003.
El conricyt: una experiencia de cooperación nacional para el acceso a la información científica
Authors: Lugo Hubp Margarita
Published: May 2017

El objetivo de este artículo es el de informar algunos datos generales acerca del origen del Consorcio Na- cional de Recursos de Información Científica y Tecnológica (conricyt), la forma en que está organizado y sus logros en relación con el desarrollo de colecciones consorciadas y el uso de los recursos electrónicos por parte de los estudiantes, investigadores y académicos que forman parte de las instituciones beneficiarias.
Bullying e cyberbullying:
Authors: Salgado Karen Regina , Prodócimo Elaine
Published: May 2017

Vivemos numa sociedade marcada pela apropriação das funcionalidades tecnológicas, em que a ciência rege os segmentos sociais quebrando e ultrapassando os espaços temporais existentes entre os corpos. Habitualmente, os aparelhos eletrônicos são muito utilizados pelos jovens e com isso novos modos de maltratar, hostilizar e humilhar o próximo surgiram, e foram denominados cyberbullying. A respeito do assunto, realizamos uma pesquisa por meio de questionário com 74 alunos do ensino médio de uma escola pública e buscamos compreender as diferenças entre bullying e cyberbullying do ponto de vista dos sujeitos; de que maneira se manifestam na escola; e como a escola poderia agir para controlar a prática do cyberbullying. Os resultados apontaram um maior conhecimento sobre o bullying, mais divulgado nas escolas e pela mídia; entre as ações a serem realizadas pela escola estão maior informação e conscientização dos alunos sobre o fato.
Engajamentos e trans-visibilidades de Laerte Coutinho no ciberespaço:
Authors: Theodoro Hadriel Geovani da Silva
Published: May 2017

O presente artigo tem como objetivo verificar os processos de engajamento das pessoas transgêneras no ciberespaço. A problemática principal se volta à possibilidade de as pessoas transgêneras, normalmente impelidas às margens da sociedade, valerem-se do ciberespaço para estabelecer suas visibilidades e demandas por cidadania. Para tanto, pautando-nos na etnografia virtual como metodologia, analisamos quantitativa e qualitativamente as publicações e conteúdos de Laerte Coutinho, cartunista de renome nacional e pessoa transgênera, no site de rede social Facebook, entre os meses de janeiro e abril de 2015. De modo geral, constata-se um constante fluxo de engajamento alavancado por suas publicações, assim como um posicionamento a respeito de questões sociais, políticas e da comunidade LGBT.
Shedding light on words
Authors: Archibald Margaret , Blecher Aubrey , Brennan Charlotte , Knopfmacher Arnold , Mansour Toufik
Published: May 2017

A word over an alphabet [k] can be represented by a bargraph, where the
height of the i-th column is the size of the i-th part. If North is in the
direction of the positive y-axis and East is in the direction of the positive
x-axis, a light source projects parallel rays from the North-West direction,
at an angle of 45 degrees to the y-axis. These rays strike the cells of the
bargraph. We say a cell is lit if the rays strike its West facing edge or
North facing edge or both. With the use of matrix algebra we find the
generating function that counts the number of lit cells. From this we find
the average number of lit cells in a word of length n.
Infant Feeding and Risk of Type 1 Diabetes in Two Large Scandinavian Birth Cohorts
Authors: Lund-Blix Nicolai A. , Dydensborg Sander Stine , Størdal Ketil , Nybo Andersen Anne-Marie , Rønningen Kjersti S. , Joner Geir , Skrivarhaug Torild , Njølstad Pål R. , Husby Steffen , Stene Lars C.
Published: May 2017

OBJECTIVE

Our aim was to study the relation between the duration of full and any breastfeeding and risk of type 1 diabetes.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

We included two population-based cohorts of children followed from birth (1996–2009) to 2014 (Denmark) or 2015 (Norway). We analyzed data from a total of 155,392 children participating in the Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study (MoBa) and the Danish National Birth Cohort (DNBC). Parents reported infant dietary practices when their child was 6 and 18 months old. The outcome was clinical type 1 diabetes, ascertained from nationwide childhood diabetes registries. Hazard ratios (HRs) were estimated using Cox regression.

RESULTS

Type 1 diabetes was identified in 504 children during follow-up, and the incidence of type 1 diabetes per 100,000 person-years was 30.5 in the Norwegian cohort and 23.5 in the Danish cohort. Children who were never breastfed had a twofold increased risk of type 1 diabetes compared with those who were breastfed (HR 2.29 [95% CI 1.14–4.61] for no breastfeeding vs. any breastfeeding for ≥12 months). Among those who were breastfed, however, the incidence of type 1 diabetes was independent of duration of both full breastfeeding (HR per month 0.99 [95% CI 0.97–1.01]) and any breastfeeding (0.97 [0.92–1.03]).

CONCLUSIONS

Suggestive evidence supports the contention that breastfeeding reduces the risk of type 1 diabetes. Among those who were breastfed, however, no evidence indicated that prolonging full or any breastfeeding was associated with a reduced risk of type 1 diabetes.
Real-Time Hardware Simulator for Grid-Tied PMSG Wind Power System
Authors: B. Han  , J. Jeong
Published: May 2017

This paper describes a real-time hardware simulator for the grid-tied PMSG wind power system, which consists of an anemometer, a data logger, a motor-generator set with vector drive, and a back-to-back power converter with DSP controller. The anemometer measures the real wind speed, and it is sent to the data logger to calculate the turbine torque. The calculated torque is sent to the vector drive for induction motor after scaled down to the rated simulator power. The motor generates the mechanical power for the PMSG, and the generated electrical power is connected to the grid through a back-to-back converter. The developed simulator can be utilized for analyzing various mechanical and electrical characteristics of grid-tied PMSG wind power system
DFIG using its FACTS Features through the Grid Side Converter in Grid-Connected Wind Power Application
Authors: F. A. K. Lima  , D. V. P. Shimoda  , J. B. Almada  , M. I. B. V. Silva  , H. M. Oliveira Filho  , J. L. Dantas
Published: May 2017

This paper proposes a new control strategy to the grid   side   converter   (GSC) of   a   DFIG-based   wind   turbineenabling  the  DFIG’s  FACTS  features.  This  control  strategy  is based on the pq Theory which take advantage of this converter to improve the energy quality at the point of common coupling (PCC) acting as an  active filter  in  the  specific  case  adopted  in  this  article.  The  control  strategy  of  the  rotor  side  converter (RSC)  adopted was  the  classical  field-oriented  control  which  determines the active and reactive power that will be injected in the electrical  system.  Simulation  results  in  PSCAD/EMTDCand some discussions are also shown throughout the paper.
Wind Turbines under Power-Grid Partial Islanding
Authors: F. K. A. Lima  , H. M. Oliveira Filho  , J. B. Almada  , M. I. B. V. Silva  , D. V. P. Shimoda  , J. L. Dantas
Published: May 2017

This   paper   proposes   a   study   about   a   partial   islanding  system  composed  by  a  wind  turbine  based  on  doubly-fed   induction   generator   (DFIG),   a   wind   turbine   based   on   permanent  magnet  synchronous  generator  (PMSG),  an  active  filter,  capacitor  banks,  non-linear  load,  and  the  grid  power.  Mathematical  model  of  systems  are  performed  by  both  field-oriented  control  (FOC)  and  virtual  grid  flux  oriented  control  (VOC). The objective is to analyze the voltage and frequency of point  of  common  coupling  (PCC)  due  to  the  islanding  of  grid-connected  electrical  power  systems  and  then  the  insertion  of  the  non-linear  load  on  the  system.  In  order  to  compare  methods  to  improve the power quality in PCC the use of capacitor banks and active  filter  are  considered  in  this  work.  The  whole  simulation  model   is   developed   in   PSCAD/EMTDC   environment.   The   simulation results are presented and discussed.
Harmonic Resonance Study for Wind Power Plant
Authors: K.N Md Hasan  , Kalle Rauma  , Alvaro Luna  , J. Ignacio Candela  , P.Rodriguez
Published: May 2017

Harmonic resonance is one of an important aspect being considered in a large network such as a wind power plant (WPP). This paper analyses several factors that affect resonance characteristic in a WPP and possible mitigation measures. The first part of the paper provides an analysis of resonances in WPP. Two methods of identifying resonances are performed which are a common impedance scan method and a harmonic resonance modal method for different operating conditions. Several factors that affect resonances including the usage of passive filters as harmonic mitigation in the network are analyzed. A case study of a 400 MW offshore wind power plant is analyzed for the harmonic resonance including with the integration of a passive filter.
Evaluation of Short-cycle Power Output Fluctuation of High-Penetration Photovoltaic Power Generation Systems using Multi-Points Insolation Data
Authors: T. Kato  , S. Kumazawa  , Y. Suzuoki  , N. Honda  , M. Koaizawa  , S. Nishino
Published: May 2017

By  using  the  multi-points  observation  data  of  insolation, this study evaluated the short-cycle fluctuation of total power  output  fluctuation  of  high-penetration  photovoltaic  power  generation system (PVS). First, this study evaluated the practical usability  of  so-called  1/√N  rule.  The  results  suggest  that  the  observation  points  should  be  placed  with  at  least  20  -  30  km  interval so that the average insolation fluctuation around the point is calculated by applying 1/√N rule. Then, taking the smoothing-effect  around  the  observation  point  into  account,  this  study  estimated  the  total  power  output  fluctuation  of  high  penetration  PVS. The horizontal global insolation data observed for a year at 61 points in the Japan central area was utilized. As the result, the total  power  output  fluctuation  including  only  shorter  cycles  than  32  min  is  smaller  than  1  %  of  the  installed  capacity  for  most  of  the  period  in  a  year.  Although  the  absolute  value  of  short-cycle  fluctuation  itself  may  not  be  significant  even  if  8  GW  of  PVS  is  installed,  the  reduction  in  the  contribution  of  controllable  utility  power plant due to the HP-PVS may cause the difficulty of LFC.
Pre-Feasibility Analysis of a Desalination Plant Powered by Renewable Energy in Thira, Greece
Authors: Antonio E. Alanís-Noyola  , Ashreeta Prasanna  , Thibault Rannou  , Luis Rojas-Solórzano
Published: May 2017

Renewable energy desalination is an excellent solution for areas lacking electrical grid connection or any other source of energy. However, the economic feasibility of renewable energy desalination compared to desalination using grid energy has not been extensively researched. This report presents a technical and financial pre-feasibility assessment for solar and wind energy desalination, compared to conventional desalination in Thira island (Greece). The technical assessment involves design of a desalination unit with a capacity of 1000 m^3per day, using ROSA software. The financial feasibility analysis is carried out using RETScreen, a ‘Clean Energy Project Analysis Software’. The report presents two case scenarios: Solar and Wind power compared to diesel generators, to desalinate seawater. The outcome of this report is to use our feasibility analysis to support implementation of renewable energy desalination in large and medium population locations, besides rural areas, located in geographic regions similar to Thira island. The results of our feasibility analysis reveal a good potential for the development of renewable energy desalination projects: implementing the wind energy option would generate a net present value of 732,295€ with an attractive payback period shorter than 6 years
Limiting Ramp Rate of Wind Power Output using a Battery Based on the Variance Gamma Process
Authors: D. Lee  , R. Baldick
Published: May 2017

A battery system is designed to reduce violations of ramping limit due to severe and long ramps of wind power output. The power rating, battery capacity, and operational policies of the battery are decided based on the assumption that the wind power output follows the Variance Gamma (V.G.) process over short time interval. The histogram of the ramp rates of wind power follows the symmetric Laplace distribution. Furthermore, ramp rates have independent and stationary increments, and their variances are proportional to the time interval. Consequently, the wind power output can be modelled as a simple form of the V.G. process. Battery operational oplicies based on the V.G. process are tested using statistics representing the sum of all wind power outputs from wind farms in the Electric Reliability Council of Texas (ERCOT). It is found that the battery can essentially eliminate violations of ramping limits due to severe ramp events. Furthermore, in this operation, it is discovered that the power rating influences the ramp limiting performance of the battery more than battery storage rating.
DC-DC high gain converter applied to renewable energy with new proposed to MPPT search
Authors: A. Freitas  , F. Antunes  , E. Mineiro  , A. Lima  , A. Gadelha  , F. Gualter
Published: May 2017

This paper presents the development of a high gain Boost converter applied to photovoltaic (PV) system. The converter was designed to be connected directly to the photovoltaic panel and perform the search for the maximum power point (MPPT). The new proposal seeks the MPPT is to connect each panel a converter for a high gain greater accuracy in finding the point of maximum power. The converter will work with input voltage of 17.7 Vdc, output voltage of 311 Vdc and power of 200 W.
Design and Construction of Radio-Controlled Glider with Renewable Energy Capabilities
Authors: M. Tubul  , S. Stamker  , E. Fisher
Published: May 2017

Thermal columns are a meteorological phenomenon which is frequently used by birds to rise without requiring wing power. Imitating this behaviour with an aircraft can utilize this lift to provide energy for the electrical components of the system. In this study, a radio-controlled glider with a built-in wind turbine and generator was designed and constructed. The generator is intended to provide renewable energy during glides, especially when thermal columns are harnessed. The glider was constructed using composite materials, which combine a high level of strength together with light-weight, improving energy efficiency. Turbine design was implemented using a duct-fan model which increases air flow to the generator. Test flight measurements indicate efficient battery recharging can be obtained during glides. The system may be implemented in manned or unmanned gliders, for agricultural, civil, or security uses, such as unmanned surveillance airplanes.
Analysis of the reconstruction of load curves in an urban Low Voltage substation
Authors: M. Mendoza  , P. Zorzano  , A. Falces  , E. Tarancón  , E. Zorzano  , P. Lara
Published: May 2017

The study of the load curves in an urban Low Voltage (LV) substation is a work that has been carried out over several years. A load curve is a sequence of values, associated with the energy consumption, in time. This sequence can be considered as a signal and, in order to study it the techniques and tools of signal processing can be applied. This article applies different signal processing tools to analyze the interpolation of the load curve of an urban LV substation. The above mentioned interpolation can be necessary for both the case of lost measurements reconstruction and for the estimation of non-existent measurements. The tests have been carried out on a records database of an actual LV substation. The power records have been made over more than 10 years. This substation has been selected because its consumptions were representative of the entire city, not only of the influence area. This choice has been made comparing LV substation measurements with the sum of the measurements of the high voltage lines that supply electricity to the city. The extracted conclusions are valid in trying to improve future predictive models of lost measurements reconstruction, data construction, etc.
Modeling and Controller Design of Non Ideal Z-Source Converter
Authors: M. A. Ismeil  , A. Kouzou  , Ralph Kennel  , A. A. Ibrahim  , M. Orabi  , M. E. Ahmed
Published: May 2017

This paper deals with the study of the non-ideal Z-Source inverter where the inductors and capacitors resistance are taken  into  account,  while  the  main  aim  of  the  Z-source  inverter for performing voltage buck and boost capabilities using a unique impedance  network  between  the  power  source  and  converter circuit  is  guarded.  In  this  paper  an  average  model  for  the  Z-Source  inverter  using  state  space  averaging  is  proposed.  Then, the  behaviors  of  the  studied  system  is  analyzed  based  on  the stability  of  the  presented  model,  this  analyze  leads  to  the  design of the suitable controller to be used to ensure the stability of the presented model. Finally the average model analyze is verified by simulation results.
Biomass Electricity Generation Using Industry Poultry Waste
Authors: M. O. Oliveira  , R. Somariva  , O. H. Ando Junior  , J. M. Neto  , A. S. Bretas  , O. E. Perrone  , J. H. Reversat
Published: May 2017

This work presents study details of a biomass based electricity generation project. The biomass used was industrial poultry litter. The objective of the work is to contribute to the research of poultry waste use in real life applications. In this sense, a case study is presented. The case study is an aviary industry region of southern Brazil, where is evaluated the technical and economic characteristics of power generation using biomass obtained from poultry litter. Still, it is highlighted the large energy potential and the high poultry litter production in the region, which translates into a important source of raw material for electricity generation, currently not highly explored in Brazi
Using Renewable Energy Sources in the Province of Manitoba
Authors: T. Molinski  , T. Yebra  , A. M. Gole
Published: May 2017

This paper explores the potential for additional renewable energy options in the Canadian province of Manitoba, which already produces nearly 100% of its electrical energy using hydro power. It considers the perspectives of the national and provincial governments with regard to the future of electric transportation. It also consolidates available data collected in the province. Finally, it explores the possibilities of future applications of the concept of smart grid in the context of how this may assist the optimal energy source mix for this province. There are reasons other than economics which could drive Manitobans to invest in renewable energy sources different from hydro power. The electric vehicle (EV) is a prime example of a load that should be supplied by new renewable energy. The reduction in the consumption of petrol, the reduction of pollution, and the education in energy efficiency justify the use of renewable energies in EVs.
Selection of domotic systems by AHP based rules weights calculation on models of fuzzy rules
Authors: R. Sáenz López  , E. Jiménez Macías
Published: May 2017

Many methods exist for performing multi-criteria decision making; one of them is carrying out the decision making based on fuzzy logic. This method is useful when you have qualitative information that is difficult to handle by other methods that work with "crisp" values. This article presents a novel method using AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process) to determine the weights of the rules that constitute the fuzzy inference model. The advantage provided by this new method is that the weights assigned to the rules are calculated using the AHP methodology, which appart from the values of the weights it gives us a value of the consistency of these weights. We have developed a fuzzy model to calculate weights by AHP and two cases were analyzed for the choice of the appropriate technology for home automation system. The results have been compared with a fuzzy model generated for the same purpose in a previous work and they are similar.
FEM Thermomechanical Simulation of Low Power LED Lamp for Energy Efficient Light Sources
Authors: P. Kulha  , J. Jakovenko  , J. Formanek
Published: May 2017

Modeling and simulation of thermal distribution, heat transfer, and mechanical stress are virtually essential for any design of structures and devices in electronic industry simulation tools make the design easier and enable optimization of many different parameters before fabrication of new structure. This paper presents simulation validation of 3D model of solid state lighting LED bulb for energy efficient and durable light sources. The modeling of structures was performed by CoventorWare tools utilizing finite the element method (FEM). The calculated thermal distribution has been validated with thermal measurement on a commercial LED lamp. Materials parametric study has been carried out to discover problematic parts for heat transfer from power LEDs to ambient.
External Magnetic Fields of Powerful Generators
Authors: Mikhail Roytgarts
Published: May 2017

Results of the magnetic field factory measurements near the surface of turbogenerator housings within the wide power range at no-load and short circuit conditions are presented. Presented also are the results of measurements of the external magnetic fields under the conditions of direct load with overexcitation and underexcitation. The analysis of the external magnetic fields dependence upon the rated power, electromagnetic loads, design features and efficiency of the internal magnetic fields shielding by means of the turbogenerator housing and end shields was conducted.
Use of the Power Line Communication System (PLC) at Low Voltage (0.4 kV) Noisy Electrical Networks – Introducing a New Concept at Power Quality
Authors: István SZÉN  , Ervin RÁCZ (PhD)
Published: May 2017

Micro grids, smart grids, small power plants in range of household size stay in the lime-light. Nowadays, smart metering system stays directly before installation. All of the above mentioned systems require complex and discrete concepts and knowledge. Definitions and use of the right concepts and correct knowledge belong to actual questions of energetics. Small size distributed power plant units, drivers, controllers and switches belong to the power plants connecting to power grids can introduce high-frequency noises. In this work the spectra and the impact of the high-frequency noises have been investigated. After analysing the measured spectra followings can be declared: High-frequency noises can trouble the Power Line Communication (PLC) system at smart metering systems. Noise can destroy propagating parameters of the useful signal affecting the safety of data communication.
3% absolute efficiency gain on multicrystalline silicon solar cells by TiO2 antireflection coatings derived by APCVD process
Authors: D.Hocine  , MS. Belkaid  , M. Pasquinelli  , L. Escoubas  , J.J. Simon  , G. Rivière  , A. Moussi
Published: May 2017

This paper reports about the adaptation of the CVD thin films technology to the fabrication process of multicrystalline silicon (mc-Si) solar cells which is the key issue of modern method of photovoltaic power generation. In this contribution, the higher reflection of a mc-Si solar cell surface is strongly reduced by the deposition of TiO2 antireflection coating (ARC) on the front using CVD method at atmospheric pressure (APCVD). The surface morphology and elemental composition of the TiO2 antireflective layers were revealed using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) in conjunction with Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS). The reflectivity was then reduced from 35% to 8.6% leading to the increase of the short circuit current Jsc which was about 33.86 mA/cm² with a benefit of 5.23 mA/cm² (surface area = 25 cm²) compared to reference cell (without ARC). This simple and low cost technology induces a 14.26% conversion efficiency which is a gain of + 3% absolute in comparison to reference cell. These results are encouraging and prove the effectiveness of the APCVD method for efficiency enhancement in silicon solar cells.
Lâminas de irrigação e formas de adubação na produção de tomate de mesa
Authors: De Lima Taynara Peres , Gomes Filho Raimundo Rodrigues , Cadore Rafael , Freitas Douglas Siqueira , De Carvalho Clayton Moura , De Aguiar Netto Antenor Oliveira
Published: May 2017

A determinação da lâmina correta de irrigação para a produção de frutos de tomate é de fundamental importância para a obtenção de maiores produtividades e frutos com maior qualidade. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o desenvolvimento e a produtividade do tomate de mesa híbrido Natália sob lâminas de irrigação por gotejamento e duas formas de adubação. O experimento foi conduzido na área experimental da Universidade Federal de Goiás, campus de Jataí. O delineamento utilizado foi o de blocos casualisados em arranjo fatorial 4 × 2, referentes a quatro lâminas de irrigação (66, 100, 133, 166%) da evapotranspiração de referência diária do local (ETo), calculadas diariamente pelo método de Penman – Monteith e duas formas de adubação (via fertirrigação e adubação convencional). As variáveis analisadas foram altura de plantas e diâmetro de caule aos 30, 45, 60 e 80 dias após o transplantio, produtividade total, produtividade comercial e não comercial. Pelos resultados verifica-se que o diâmetro caulinar das plantas não foi influenciado pelas lâminas de irrigação e formas de adubação. A fertirrigação proporcionou aumento de produtividade comercial de frutos em relação à adubação convencional, quando foi aplicada a lâmina correspondente a 66% da ETo e proporcionou aumento na altura das plantas com a lâmina de 100% da ETo. Conclui-se que a lâmina correspondente a 100% da Eto proporcionou maior crescimento de plantas, aumento na produtividade total e comercial do tomateiro.
Estimativa da área foliar em Urochloa mosambicensis por dimensões lineares
Authors: Leite Mauricio Luiz de Melo Vieira , Lucena Leandro Ricardo Rodrigues de , Sá Júnior Eduardo Henrique de , Cruz Manoela Gomes da
Published: May 2017

A mensuração da área foliar é requerida em vários estudos agronômicos por ser um dos principais parâmetros para avaliar o crescimento das plantas. Objetivou-se definir os melhores modelos para estimativa da área foliar do capim-corrente (Urochloa mosambicensis), de forma não destrutiva, com base nas dimensões lineares do comprimento e da largura máxima do limbo foliar. Foram coletadas, aleatoriamente, 96 lâminas foliares verdes de capim-corrente, em distintos estádios de crescimento. Foram mensurados o comprimento e a largura de cada limbo foliar com uso de paquímetro digital, e a área foliar através do método gravimétrico. Para a escolha do modelo para estimativa da área foliar do capim-corrente, procederam-se estudos de regressão utilizando os modelos: linear, potência e gamma. Os valores de área foliar real variaram de 1.238,1 mm2 a 158,73 mm2, com valor médio de 602,7 mm2. O modelo de regressão potência se mostrou o mais eficiente para explicar a área foliar do capim-corrente, pois apresentou o maior coeficiente de determinação (R2 = 99,99%) e menores soma de quadrado de resíduo (SQR = 153092,7) e critério de informação de Akaike (AIC = -244,958), quando comparado aos outros modelos avaliados. O modelo potência, y = (C x L)0,968, pode ser usado para determinação da área foliar de Urochloa mosambicensis com bases nos valores de comprimento e largura das lâminas foliares desta espécie. A adoção deste modelo possibilita a estimação da área foliar do capim-corrente, de forma não destrutiva, com elevada precisão, rapidez e baixo custo, necessitando-se apenas da mensuração do comprimento e da maior largura da lâmina foliar.