bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Matching client/server processing architectures with information processing requirements
Authors:   , Anandarajan Murugan , Arinze Orakwue Bay
Published: August 2021

The 1990's are witnessing the rapid gyraterowth of Client/Server (C/S) computing. This growth can be attributed to the many benefits which C/S systems provide to organizations. These benefits include, among others, the potential to improve business practices, cost savings, and increased productivity. Achieving these benefits, however is not an easy task, since there are many types of C/S processing architectures which system designers can select. These processing architectures are derived from the method by which the C/S processing resources (presentation functions, business logic, and data management) is split between the client and server. Therefore for an organization to benefit from the C/S model, it should ensure that its processing architecture matches its information needs. Researchers have pointed out that organizations in transition to the C/S model should identify their information requirements, and then determine the best C/S architecture that supports them. This study examines the appropriate match which is required between a workgroup's information processing requirements and C/S processing architectures to create an effective system. The theoretical basis of this study stems from Galbraith's (1977) information processing theory, which states that an systems performance is contingent on an appropriate match between context variables such as task characteristics, and structural designs such as information system design. The independent variables used in this study are (a) task characteristics, which have been identified by researchers as one of the primary determinants of information processing requirements; and (b) C/S processing architecture, which determine the information capabilities of an organization. The dependent variable is C/S effectiveness. The sample data required for this study obtained from C/S managers and C/S users in variety of industries, through a combination of archival data, telephone interviews, and a mailed survey. The unit of analysis in this study is the workgroup. Two hundred and ten (210) sets of questionnaires were mailed to eighty seven (87) usable datasets were returned. The data was analyzed using moderated regression analysis. The matching concept was measured through the interaction terms of the task characteristics, namely, task structurability and task interdependence, and C/S processing architecture. The interaction terms were statistically significant, suggesting that selecting an appropriate C'S processing architecture that matches the information processing requirements is important for the effective performance of a C/S system. In addition this study provides guidelines for systems developers in designing C/S systems.
Assessment of prescription completeness and antibiotic consumption at a rural health and training centre, Delhi
Authors: Kumar Arvind , Bahl Arti , Gupta Sunil , Singh Charan , Jain Sudhir Kumar , Singh Sujeet Kumar
Published: August 2021

Background: The prescription audit is a useful method to assess the doctors’ contribution to the rational use of drugs in a country. A prescription is considered complete when it covers all the parts of the prescription. The polypharmacy increased the risk of drug interaction, dispensing errors and confused the patients for dosage schedules. A prescription with the minimum number of drugs per prescription helps in rational pharmacotherapeutics. The objectives of this study were to describe the pattern and completeness of prescription at rural health and training center and to estimate antibiotic consumption at rural health and training center.Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted to determine the current prescribing practice at RHTC. Data were collected in the two pharmacies of the rural hospital. A total of 612 prescriptions with the last refill were considered for the assessment.Results: The average number of drugs prescribed per prescription 3.53. The percentage of prescriptions in which an antibiotic was prescribed was 20%. The percentage of drugs prescribed by generic name and from an essential drug list was 71.5% and 98.7% respectively. The most commonly prescribed form of antibiotics was extended-spectrum penicillin.Conclusions: All the prescriptions were complete covered parts of prescriptions. The dosing errors were present in maximum prescriptions. The WHO prescribing indicators were within the limits, an average number of drugs per prescription suggests a practice of polypharmacy. The peak of the use of antibiotics was observed in September followed by January and November. The least use of antibiotics was in December followed by June.
Empyema thoracis in children: analysis from a tertiary care center
Authors: Thakkar Parth K. , Shendurnikar Niranjan , Desai Hitesh , Doshi Vikas
Published: August 2021

Background: Empyema thoracis refers to infection and pus formation within the pleural space in the thorax. It is estimated that 0.6% of childhood pneumonia’s progress to empyema, affecting 3.3 per 100000 children. The purpose of this study was to analyse the clinical and bacteriological profile, outcome of empyema in children with reference to intercostal drainage/tube thoracostomy (ICD/TT) and video assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS).Methods: A hospital based prospective comparative study was conducted on 61 children diagnosed with empyema thoracis according to ICD-10 code J869 between 6 months to 18 years of age admitted to K. G. P. children hospital, Vadodara over a period of 20 months from September 2018 to May 2020.Results: Most of patients (63.9%) were seen in age group of 1-5 years. Fever (100%), cough (99%) and breathlessness (85%) were the commonest presenting features. Pleural fluid culture was positive in (28%) of patients and Staphylococcus aureus (11.5%) was the most frequent organism isolated from pleural fluid. The mean duration of ICU stays, the mean duration of hospital stays and time taken for removal of ICD was less VATS group with statistically significant difference.Conclusions: Empyema in children causes significant morbidity which can be reduced by appropriate treatment of bacterial pneumonia. ICD and antibiotics are effective method to facilitate drainage and resolution of empyema in resource poor settings. VATS is effective treatment for empyema when presented with stage 2 and stage 3 empyema having multiple loculation, which decreases duration of hospital treatment.
Children with idiopathic generalized epilepsy those underwent at least two years seizure remission: a retrospective analysis
Authors: Raybarman Chandan
Published: August 2021

Background: The aim of the retrospective study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the index antiepileptic drugs in children with idiopathic generalized epilepsy who underwent at least 2 years remission.Methods: A total of 52 children with idiopathic generalized epilepsy who underwent at least 2 years remission were identified retrospectively from the records of the paediatric and neurology care clinic from April 2017 to December 2020.Results: The seizure patterns of 52 cases were tonic-clonic seizures alone (73%), a combination of tonic-clonic seizures and absences (13.5%), and combined tonic-clonic seizures and myoclonus (13.5%).  The total number of seizures at enrolment in all (age at seizure onset 7.44±5.12 years, male-female ratio (31:21) was 651 (mean 12.52±26.60). The total number of follow-up visits in all was 6.62±14.44 consisting of 1177.5±772.86 days of follow-up periods. All patients continued index antiepileptic drugs with initial target doses varies from low to moderate ranges. Add-on therapy was initiated in 43% of cases around the titration phase of index antiepileptic drugs (i.e. very early add-on). Treatment trends reveal increased use of 1st generation antiepileptic drugs than 2nd and 3rd generation. 2 years seizure remission rates were 55.77% by index antiepileptic drugs only therapy and 44.23% by very early add-on therapy.  The seizure remission period was mean±SD 858.71±209.08 days.Conclusions: Index antiepileptic drugs with low to moderate initial target doses lead to achieving 2 years or more seizure remission. Very early add-on therapy is the novelty and leads to achieving the goal.
Socio-demographic and environmental determinants of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in primary school children in Ikot Ekpene, Nigeria
Authors: Hogan Ekemini Joseph , Akpan Mkpouto Udeme , Ijezie Echey , Edem Kevin Bassey
Published: August 2021

Background: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common neuro-behavioural disorders of childhood. Environmental influences have been reported to be important in its aetiopathogenesis. There is a paucity of publications assessing the socio-demographic and environmental determinants of ADHD in Sub Saharan Africa. The aim was to determine the socio-demographic and environmental determinants of ADHD in primary school children in Ikot Ekpene, Nigeria.Methods: Vanderbilt ADHD diagnostic teacher rating scale for ADHD was administered on 1174 pupils aged 6-12 years drawn from twelve primary schools in Ikot-Ekpene, Akwa-Ibom State, Nigeria. Parents of the selected pupils completed a proforma on their socio-demographics and environmental factors.Results: The mean age of the study population was 9.32  years with a male preponderance. ADHD was significantly associated with lower socio-economic status, being a product of multiple gestations, having parents with financial difficulty during the first few years of child’s life among others.Conclusions: ADHD is associated with common socio-demographic and environmental risk factors. Some of these factors such as low income and low socio-economic status are modifiable. Poverty alleviation, job security and empowerment of parents of children living in resource-poor settings is critical to reducing the prevalence of ADHD.
Infant with infantile spasms: early intervention improves neurodevelopmental outcome
Authors: Narayanan Rajeshwari , Gilbert Aparna , Arunachalam Savitha
Published: August 2021

Tuberous sclerosis complex is a multisystem genetic disorder with characteristic skin lesions and variable neurological manifestations like seizures, cognitive impairment and autistic spectrum disorder. Epilepsy and infantile spasms during first year of life are risk factors for mental impairment and Autistic spectrum disorder (ASD). In asymptomatic TSC infants, hypsarrhythmia pattern in EEG suggests early treatment with vigabatrin to improve neurodevelopmental outcome. Early recognition of skin lesions by pediatrician is crucial for timely intervention.
Functional and aesthetic outcome with free fibula osteocutaneous flap in reconstruction of anterior mandibular defects in oral malignancies: our experience
Authors: Kalsotra Gopika , Koul Disha , . Arti , Kalsotra Parmod , Sharma Rupali , Saraf Aditya
Published: August 2021

Background: For anterior mandibular defects, vascularized bone flap reconstructions are the best for providing a solid arch necessary to restore form and function, especially in patients receiving tumour excision surgery in head and neck region. Our aim was to study aesthetic and functional outcome of free fibula osteocutaneous flap (FFOCF) in anterior mandibular defects in case of anterior floor of the mouth malignancies with mandibular infiltration.

Methods: The clinical data of 15 oral cavity carcinoma patients with involvement of anterior floor of mouth with mandiblular infiltration that underwent FFOCF reconstruction at our institute, government medical college, Jammu, was prospectively collected from January 2018 till January 2020. In this study, the aesthetic and functional outcome of these patients was evaluated at 6 months and 1 year post surgery.

Results: The aesthetic result of reconstruction was excellent in most patients. Also, there was no long-term donor-site morbidity. There was no peri-operative death. Flaps survived in all patients. Functional outcomes including the ability to tolerate oral diet and speech outcome were good in all cases.

Conclusions: The FFOCF, in reconstruction surgery of advanced oral cavity carcinoma permits more radical resection of tumour with good functional as well aesthetic outcome.
Incidence, evaluation and management of nasal bone fracture: study of 60 cases
Authors: Tota Sanjay M. , Modi Niral R.
Published: August 2021

Background: It was retrospective and prospective study of 60 nasal bone fracture patients we treated at our hospital. We analyzed them for their age and sex incidence, side prevalance, presentation and their treatment option.

Methods: Through history was taken and examination was done and these cases were investigated with CT scan or X-ray than treated period.

Results: Most common involved patients were males (73%) than the females (27%). In our study, most common cause of nasal bone fracture was the road traffic accident (59%) and less common cause of nasal bone fracture was assaulted trauma. Most commonly done about 60% radiological investigation were only X-ray bilateral nasal bone. In this study fracture bone reduction was done under local anesthesia or sedation in 87% of patients and general anesthesia in 13% of patients. Most commonly affected patients of nasal bone fracture had lateral impact injury (70%) than the frontal impact injury. We treated 77% patients of nasal bone fracture by closed reduction and the patients with linear non-displaced nasal bone fracture by medication.

Conclusions: Male were more affected than the female and common age group was 11 to 30 years. Most common cause of nasal bone fracture was the road traffic accident. In nasal bone fracture the lateral impact injury was more common, in treatment of nasal bone fracture simple nasal X-ray were useful tool for management of nasal bone fracture. Closed nasal bone fracture reduction did under local anesthesia in most of patients.
A rare combination of polyp, inverted papilloma and squamous cell carcinoma of sphenoid sinus
Authors: Baisakhiya Nitish , Shukla Anusha , Pande Kartikey
Published: August 2021

Inverted papilloma (IP) is a tumor most commonly originates from lateral wall of nose and benign in nature. Sphenoid sinus is a rare site of origin and involvement. Malignant changes are the rare possibility in the IP. In this case report we reported a rare case of squamous cell carcinoma in back ground of inverted papilloma of sphenoid sinus.
Pattern of skin disorders in hilly district of Pauri Garhwal with their dermoscopic findings: an epidemiological study
Authors: Kumari Neeti , Verma Sunanda , Rawat S. D. S. , Mehta A. K. , Pant Astha
Published: August 2021

Background: The pattern of skin disorders is largely affected by climate, geography, occupation, socio-economic status, nutrition, genetics and habits of the community. Nowadays, dermoscope is being increasingly used as a non-invasive aid in diagnosis of various skin disorders. Objective of the study was to study the etiology, distribution and dermoscopic findings of various skin disorders in 5 remote villages of hilly district of Pauri Garhwal, Uttarakhand over a period of 1 month (April 2021).

Methods:  The study was conducted as a weekly OPD in 5 villages of Hilly district of Pauri over a period of 1 month with free consultation and medications. Details of patients, their complaints, clinical diagnosis and dermoscopic findings were recorded.

Results:  Overall, allergic/irritant dermatitis were found to be most common (30%) followed by infective disorders (27.25%), photodermatitis (20.2%), inflammatory disorders (4.3%), miscellaneous disorders (LSC, stasis dermatitis, pityriasis rosea, others) up to 9.5% and viral exanthematous rash possibly COVID-19 associated in 8.62% cases. Most common dermoscopic finding of allergic/irritant dermatitis were red dots (92%), in photodermatitis were brown dots (82.09%) and viral exanthem was diffuse erythema (100%).

Conclusions:  Hilly areas contribute to a large burden of dermatological disorders which needs to be catered too. With the help of this knowledge, we can plan appropriate range of health services to meet the patient’s needs in hilly regions.
Idiopathic localised involutional lipoatrophy in a child involving multiple sites
Authors: V. P. S. Nithya , Rai Reena , G. Umamaheswari
Published: August 2021

Idiopathic localized involutional lipoatrophy (ILIL) is a rare form of localized lipoatrophy that arises spontaneously without inflammation.
Maternal and fetal outcome in premature rupture of membrane
Authors: Kasliwal Ankita , Kabra Itika , Yadav Poonam
Published: August 2021

: Premature rupture of membranes is the most challenging obstetric dilemma which occurs even in low risk pregnancies and can convert a traditional pregnancy into a high risk pregnancy. This study aims to determine outcome, especially in the context of developing countries to help in formulating intervention strategies.

: A hospital based observational, prospective study was conducted with 100 patients with diagnosis of PROM at or more than 37 weeks of gestation to study maternal and fetal outcome.

: The rate of maternal morbidity was 28%, commonest cause was febrile illness (12%). Perinatal morbidity was seen in 31% of cases. Clinical early onset neonatal infection was the commonest cause. Perinatal mortality was not seen.

: Morbidities were associated with increased duration of PROM to delivery interval. Prediction of these morbidities is an important step in the management of infection associated with PROM.
Comparative study of early neonatal outcome in low birth weight babies in hypertensive disorders complicating pregnancies with the mode of delivery
Authors: Pilli Sivajyothi , Bakshi Kavitha
Published: August 2021

Pregnancy induced Hypertension (PIH) is strongly associated with intrauterine fetal growth restriction (IUGR), low birth weight (LBW) and admission to NICU. PIH is not by itself an indication for caesarean delivery. However, the incidence of caesarean is high because of the development of complications in mother and the need to deliver prematurely.

To compare the immediate morbidity and survival advantage of LBW vertex presenting babies with the mode of delivery in hypertensive disorders complicating pregnancies.

This was a comparative cross-sectional study done on women admitted to the labour ward during the study period with PIH delivering a baby through either a vaginal delivery or a caesarean section with a birthweight of <2.5kgs. A detailed history taking and clinical examination was done. Babies were followed up for one week following delivery to note down the early neonatal outcome.

In this study, over all there was no statistically significant difference in neonatal outcome in both vaginal delivery and caesarean section groups. However, there was slight increased incidence of prematurity (68% vs 64%), Birth Asphyxia (14% vs 8%), Sepsis (8% vs 6%), IVH (6% vs 2%) and Hyperbilirubinemia (16% vs 14%) in vaginal delivery group. While, RDS (20% vs 14%) and NEC (4% vs 2%) had higher incidence in caesarean delivery group. Overall, prematurity and IUGR resulting in LBW, contributed to these neonatal complications.

Caesarean delivery offers no short-term survival advantage compared with vaginal delivery for LBW vertex presenting foetuses in PIH patients. Neonatal outcomes are not worsened by spontaneous or induced vaginal delivery in women with hypertension with good control and also decreases morbidity due to caesarean section to the mother.
Acardia anceps- A case report
Authors: Lad Shital , Shinde Mangala
Published: August 2021

Twin-Reversed Arterial Perfusion(TRAP) sequence or Acardia twin refers to a unique complication of mono-chorionic twin pregnancy in which a twin with an absent or rudimentary non functioning heart (acardiac twin) is perfused by its co-twin (pumping twin) through a large artery to artery placental shunt, often accompanied by a vein to vein shunt. Here we discussed about a clinical case of TRAP sequence came in established preterm labour and its management.
Cesaraean myomectomy: A lesson learnt
Authors: Anant Monika
Published: August 2021

Cesarean myomectomy (CM) has been a controversial surgical procedure. It is fraught with increased blood loss and its associated postoperative morbidities of anemia, blood transfusion and sepsis or even an unintended obstetric hysterectomy. This case reports a life-threatening hemorrhagic shock in a patient for whom 2 large myomas were extracted during cesarean section. Safety of CM depends on proper case selection with small sized, subserous, pedunculated fibroids and the speed and skill of surgeon.
Predicting malignancy in dermoid cyst: A case report and literature review
Authors: Kaur Navkiran , Sehgal Alka , Rani Shikha , Pandher Dilpreet Kaur
Published: August 2021

Benign mature cystic teratoma has been seen through all ages of a woman’s age. It has varied presentations. Malignant transformation in teratoma though rare is usually seen in postmenopausal women. Malignant transformation is usually detected postoperatively on histopathology. We are reporting a case in which a postmenopausal lady was operated and squamous cell carcinoma in a dermoid cyst was detected postoperatively. Certain signs on the imaging can help to diagnose this in the preoperative period so that proper counselling and treatment can be given to the patient.
Ovarian cyst mimicking acute appendicitis in pregnancy: A case report
Authors: Verma Vijay , Supriya  , Verma Ravi
Published: August 2021

Ovarian cysts, also known as ovarian masses or adnexal masses are fluid filled sacs or pockets in an ovary or on its surface. These are found incidentally in asymptomatic women. Ovarian cysts are considered large in size when they are over 5 cm and giant when they are over 15 cm. Acute appendicitis is the most common surgical problem encountered during pregnancy. Pregnancy is associated with various anatomic and physiologic changes that may disguise and delay the diagnosis of acute appendicitis. Antibiotic treatment does not always improve the outcome and emergency intervention is required. Early diagnosis and surgical intervention is mandatory for the eventful outcome of pregnancy. Here we present a case of a primigravida patient with a large ovarian cyst mimicking acute appendicitis.
Pacientes com sorologia para doença de chagas versus exames moleculares em hospital quaternário do noroeste paulista
Authors: Furini Adriana Antônia da Cruz , Rossi Bárbara Ellen Magalhães Batista , Cogo Thessa Beatriz Oliveira , Oliveira Maria Gabriela Lucca , Cavanisi Carlos Eugênio , Godoy Moacir Fernandes
Published: August 2021

A Doença de Chagas (DC) é uma parasitose endêmica nos países da América do Sul. causada pelo Trypanossoma cruzi Apesar dos avanços diagnósticos e da utilização de técnicas moleculares e sorológicas, muitos casos de resultados falsos negativos são reportados. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo analisar o perfil clínico, epidemiológico de 21 pacientes com exames moleculares e sorológicos para DC. Com caráter retrospectivo, realizado em prontuários do Hospital de Base de São José do Rio Preto de pacientes com teste para de Reação da Polimerase em Cadeia (PCR) qualitativo, realizados no período de janeiro de 2010 a abril de 2015. Doze pacientes possuíam exames confirmatórios para a DC enquanto dez pacientes apresentaram sorologia e PCR negativas e eram assintomáticos para DC. Os parâmetros de comparação obtidos para os exames foram de: sensibilidade de 50%, especificidade de 47,37%, acurácia de 52,38%, valor preditivo positivo de 10%, valor preditivo negativo de 90,91%. A padronização de técnicas com alta sensibilidade e especificidade, sem custos excessivos poderá constituir-se em importante ferramenta para o diagnóstico confirmatório da DC, em especial em casos assintomáticos.
Motivação para permanência e êxito discente: Um estudo no curso de mecânica industrial no IFCE
Authors: E Costa Jhoice Mirelly de Albuquerque , De Brito André Chaves , De Oliveira Antônio Nunes , Lavor Otávio Paulino
Published: August 2021

A motivação é um fator que pode ser determinante para a permanência de um discente em um determinado curso. Neste sentido, busca-se investigar os aspectos motivacionais relacionados aos alunos do curso técnico em Mecânica Industrial de um campus do Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Ceará. A pesquisa empregada é de caráter qualitativa e exploratória, verificando-se que os alunos ingressantes no curso em questão já ingressam com um elevado grau de motivação, seja pelo crescimento profissional ou para ampliar horizontes. Em relação a permanência e êxito estudantil, verifica-se uma redução da evasão escolar de 43,78% para 11,11% no período de 2016 a 2019 e que a maioria estuda por querer aprender mais sobre o curso.
Metodologias ativas: Uma revisão integrativa sobre práticas no ensino de graduação na área da saúde
Authors: Carvalho Aline Guimarães , De Medeiros Lavoisier Morais , Lima Daltro Manuela Carla de Souza , De Assis Samara Campos , De Oliveira Maria de Fátima Luana Leite , Sousa Milena Nunes Alves de
Published: August 2021

Resumo: O objetivo do estudo foi analisar a aplicabilidade das metodologias ativas no ensino de graduação na área da saúde, a partir de uma revisão integrativa. Foi realizado uma seleção de artigos científicos publicados em periódicos indexados na base de dados, Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS), Base de Dados em Odontologia (BBO), Base de Dados de Enfermagem (BDENF), ocorrida entre os meses de setembro e outubro de 2018, na Biblioteca Virtual da Saúde (BVS) contabilizados um total de 16 estudos selecionados em cursos de ensino superior entre os anos de 2009 a 2019. Verificou-se que grande parte utilizou a Aprendizagem Baseada em Problemas (ABL) e a metodologia problematizadora, Tecnologias de Informação e Comunicação com uso do MOODLE e Google Forms, Gamificação através de gincana virtual por meio do Ensino a Distância (EAD) e presencial, Blended learning através da sala de aula invertida e ambiente virtual dinâmico de aprendizagem. Os estudos mostraram aquisição de valores morais e crescimento pessoal no que se diz respeito à cidadania, respeito e sensibilidade nas relações humanas. Observa-se que há uso das metodologias ativas, porém elas são pouco utilizadas e que a falta de educadores qualificados seja um dos pontos que levam a aplicação dos métodos de ensino ativo com fragilidade, porém as ferramentas quando aplicadas de forma correta potencializa a aprendizagem do educando, desenvolve análise crítica e reflexiva, e acima de tudo torna o indivíduo mais ético e humanizado.
Ozonioterapia: Uma abordagem profissional e a aplicação da técnica em pacientes no Município de Patos/PB
Authors: LIMA FRANCINALDA BARBOSA
Published: August 2021

A ozonioterapia utiliza o gás ozônio (O3) para tratar diversas enfermidades por meio da eliminação de bactérias, vírus, fungos e células doentes, assim como, restaurar tecidos rompidos. No Brasil, em 2018, o Ministério da Saúde, aprovou a técnica terapêutica nas chamadas Práticas Integrativas e Complementares no Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS). A presente pesquisa tem como objetivo avaliar o nível de conhecimento dos profissionais de saúde das Unidades Básicas de Saúde (UBS) do Município de Patos/PB e registrar a percepção dos pacientes tratados pela terapia. Quanto à metodologia, utilizou-se de literatura e de pesquisa de campo por meio da aplicação de questionários direcionados aos pacientes e aos profissionais de saúde das UBS. Como resultado, obteve 100% de melhora dos quadros clínicos gerais e da qualidade de vida dos pacientes e que 100% dos profissionais de saúde das UBS jamais utilizaram ozonioterapia. Por fim, ratificou a literatura científica ao demonstrar a eficácia e o baixo custo de implantação e manutenção da ozonioterapia.
Suicidal ideation among medical students, burnout or depression? Maybe both.
Authors: VALE THAÍS CAMPELO BEDÊ , ARAÚJO LÍVIA RODRIGUES DE , MEDEIROS VITÓRIA NUNES , PAIVA JOSÉ HÍCARO HELLANO GONÇALVES LIMA , BACHUR TATIANA PASCHOALETTE RODRIGUES , CASTRO DANIEL BEZERRA DE
Published: August 2021

Depression is a common mental condition worldwide and a major cause of debility, with the potential to impair the quality of life of affected people. Medical students are more likely to develop psychiatric disorders, with depression, anxiety, and burnout being the most common ones. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of depressive symptoms in medical students and their association with burnout and aspects of life. This is an analytical cross-sectional study. Data collection was performed using four validated scales and a questionnaire in 511 medical students from the first to the fourth year from different universities. Depression was present in 49% of the students. A correlation was found between depression and female gender. Regarding the students' daily sleep time, 54.5% of the students slept only 3 to 6 hours per night. The use of psychoactive substances was reported by 29.9%. Regarding the emotional support offered by universities, about 92.8% of students with depressive symptoms reported not receiving adequate emotional support. As for quality of life, all domains were impaired among students with depression. According to the two-dimensional criterion, 37% of the students have burnout, with correlation between the presence of the syndrome and depressive symptoms. In addition, burnout proved to be an independent risk factor for suicidal ideation and self-mutilation. New methods that can help detect and address factors that trigger stress and depressive symptoms in medical students are needed to reduce the incidence of depression.
Stand-Alone Rod Augmentation for Instrumentation Failure after Pedicle Subtraction Osteotomy: A Case Report with a 2-year Follow-up
Authors: Zarei Mohammad , Rostami Mohsen , Yaseen Khan Furqan Mohammed
Published: August 2021

Background: Revision surgery of spine can be a complex procedure and has known complications. It involves hardware revision, removal of scar/callus tissue, realignment of sagittal balance, and anterior augmentation. However, through this report, we aim to demonstrate that a stand-alone rod augmentation at the failure site without removal of scar/callus tissue and/or anterior fixation can achieve excellent results in select cases.
Case Report: A 66-year-old woman underwent L2 pedicle subtraction osteotomy (PSO) + T9-iliac fixation for fixed sagittal imbalance and osteoporotic collapse of L3. One year later, she developed progressive axial lumbar pain and difficulty in mobilization. The patient was diagnosed with pseudoarthrosis and instrumentation failure and underwent revision spine surgery with stand-alone rod augmentation. She had anuneventful rehabilitation and showed complete radiographic union and excellent clinical outcome in the 2-year follow-up.
Conclusion: Stand-alone rod augmentation can provide stable posterior construct to prevent future pseudoarthrosis and/or instrumentation failure after revision spine surgery in selected cases. Anterior augmentation or resection dural scar tissue or dissection through callus tissue is not always necessary.
Surgical Sponge Retained in Femoral Canal for 22 Years: A Case Report
Authors: Mirhoseini Mohammad sajjad , Azarsina Salman , Tavakoli Mohsen , Kohandel Gargari Omid
Published: August 2021

Background: Retained surgical items (RSIs) are not very common in the orthopedic surgery. Here, we are reporting a case of a sponge pad left in the femoral canal for 22 years. We could not find any other reported case of retained surgical sponge in the femoral canal and that is what makes this case report unique.
Case Report: The patient was a 42 year-old man who underwent surgery for the fixation of a fractured femur 22 years ago. On August 2020, this patient was seen complaining about pain at the surgical site. The assessments revealed a sponge pad retained in the femoral canal, which was removed by surgery. The union of fractured bone did not take place in the first surgery, so after 6 months a second surgery was performed and the dynamic compression plate (DCP) placed was successfully replaced with an intramedullary nail.
Conclusion: The surgeon could not detect the pad 22 years ago and the patient had no significant symptom all this time. The most important take-away lesson of this paper is that retention of surgical pads could also occur with correct gauze counting, so detection and prevention protocols for RSIs must be taken seriously.
Minimally Invasive Technique for Treatment of Osteoid Osteoma: A Case of Anatomically Critical Lesion in an Adolescent Patient
Authors: Masoumi Fardad , Sharafi Mohammad Hasan , Nabian Mohammad Hossein
Published: August 2021

Background: Osteoid osteoma is a benign osteogenic tumor affecting adolescents and young adults. It is managed using different treatment options. The lesions located around the lesser trochanter is rare and the management of these lesions is troublesome. Here, we report a case of an osteoid osteoma in the lesser trochanteric region, managed with a minimally invasive surgical excision of the lesion.
Case Report: In a 14-year-old girl patient with nocturnal left thigh pain from 2 years before, conservative treatment with administration of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) was not effective, and symptoms were refractory to medication. The day after surgery the patient was pain-free.
Conclusion: The surgical management of osteoid osteoma in the region of the lesser trochanter is troublesome. The minimally invasive surgical excision of the lesion using CT-guided percutaneous drilling and resection of the osteoid osteoma is a safe, simple, cost-benefit, and effective technique.
Criteria for assigning criminal cases to private prosecution. Subject of initiation of private prosecution cases
Authors:   postgraduate student of the department of criminal procedure of the Ural Law institute of the MIA of Russia, P.M. Titov
Published: August 2021

The article criteria for assigning cases to private charges are identified: substantive, procedural and socio-preventive. The substantive test means that private prosecution must include crimes that mainly infringe on personal values, and to a minimum — on the interests of society and the State. The procedural criterion takes into account that the evidence in cases of private prosecution is carried out by the victim (private prosecutor). Therefore, this category of cases should include those for which the main body of evidence is testimony and other documents. The socio-preventive criterion implies that cases of private prosecution are generally preventive in nature, when the fact of criminal prosecution itself has an educational effect on the person, and when the victim reconciles with the accused, the criminal case ceases. It is concluded that the initiation of a private prosecution case is carried out not by the victim, but by the court.
On some problematic issues of implementation by prosecutors of supervisory powers in the field of protection of surface freshwater objects in the Russian Federation when detecting ships and other sunken property sunk in the waters of water bodies
Authors:   head of the municipal control department of the administration of Yevpatoria, postgraduate student of the University of the prosecutor’s office of the Russian Federation, I.S. Vorokhobin
Published: August 2021

The article examines certain problematic issues that arise in prosecutorial practice in the process of exercising supervisory powers in the field of protection of surface freshwater objects in the Russian Federation when specialized prosecutors identify vessels and other sunken property that have sunk in water areas. On the basis of an analysis of the norms of federal legislation, materials of supervisory and judicial practice, the author formulated specific proposals for solving existing problems in order to increase the efficiency of work in the field of environmental protection and ensuring the safety of navigation.
Countering corruption in the context of the coronavirus pandemic
Authors:   LL.D., professor of the department of international and public law of the Financial university under the Government of the Russian Federation, Kurakin A.V. , Sukharenko A.N. ,   director of the Center for the study of new challenges and threats to national security of the Russian Federation
Published: August 2021

Despite the COVID-19 coronavirus epidemic, corruption remains one of the most serious threats to Russia’s national security. Taking into account the social danger of this problem, we carried out a detailed analysis of the dynamics of corruption crime in the country for 10 months of 2020, as well as the geography of its prevalence. In the course of the analysis of law enforcement practice, a number of unclaimed articles of the Criminal Code were identified that reduce the effectiveness of anti-corruption activities of law enforcement agencies and level its main principle — the inevitability of punishment for corruption crimes.
Judicial jurisdiction in the application of a preventive measure in the form of detention
Authors:   judge of Vasileostrovsky district court of St.-Petersburg, postgraduate student of the department of criminal process of Saint-Petersburg university of the MIA of Russia, Gershevskiy Y.R.
Published: August 2021

The article deals with a set of problems related to judicial jurisdiction in the application of preventive measures in the form of detention. A number of additions to existing legislation on the use of preventive measures in the form of detention are proposed. This article deals with the peculiarities of the application of a preventive measure, such as detention. The main features of its use were established. The procedural characteristics of such a type of preventive measures as detention are studied, the procedural measures related to the detention of a suspect/ accused/defendant are analyzed, the provisions of the current criminal procedure law are analyzed. It is stated that ensuring the rights of suspects accused when choosing and applying a preventive measure in the form of detention against them is faced with difficulties, primarily due to the fundamental problems of the entire Russian criminal proceedings: the excessive length of the proceedings, its excessive bureaucratization, formalism, the hypertrophied role of the preliminary investigation before the trial, poor conditions of detention and others. Materials of St. Petersburg, Arkhangelsk region are used.
The Origins of the Russian Investigation
Authors:   Deputy Chairman of the Investigative Committee of Russia, Honored Lawyer of the Russian Federation, Candidate of Legal Sciences, Professor, Fedorov Aleksandr V.
Published: August 2021

The article is devoted to the organization of searching criminals and tracing of stolen property in the Russian state in X-XVII centuries. Particular attention is paid to such pre-trial proceedings as «persecution track» («gonenije sleda»), «annunciation» («zaklich») and «svod». Characterized by a circle of officials, involved in pre-trial proceedings in cases of crimes, as well as consider the change process indictment to investigative process.
Sports Criminal Law: Basis and Limits of Criminalization of Activities Related to Doping
Authors:   Leading Research Scientist of the Department of Criminal and Criminal Procedure Law, Court Organization of the Institute of Legislation and Comparative Law under the Government of the Russian Federation Editor-in-Chief of the Drug Control journal Honored Lawyer of the Russian Federation Candidate of Legal Sciences Professor, Fedorov Aleksandr V.
Published: August 2021

The article has been based on the theses of speeches of the author at the International Scientific and Practical Conference Sports in the National Law and International Law Dimension: Relevant Issues (April 4, 2018, the Institute of Legislation and Comparative Law under the Government of the Russian Federation) and is dedicated to the issues of sports criminal law related to the detection and investigation of basis of criminal activities connected with doping. It is concluded that criminalization of activities related to doping shall be based on their social hazard connected with the serious hazard of doping for the health of sportsmen. Within the context of establishment of criminalization limits for activities related to doping, articles of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation are analyzed, which set responsibility for inducement of sportsmen to use doping (substances or methods forbidden in sports) and the use of doping in relation to a sportsman (articles 230. and 230. of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation).
Potencjał naukowo-badawczy uczelni i jego rola w regionie uczącym się (na przykładzie Małopolski)
Authors: Marszałek Anna
Published: August 2021

Dokonując charakterystyki Małopolski należy zauważyć, że zestawione dane, ukazujące jej rozwój, przemawiają same za siebie: analizowane województwo wytwarza 7,2% PKP Polski; w jego obrębie działalność gospodarczą prowadzi blisko 290 tys. podmiotów, głównie z sektora wysokich technologii, motoryzacyjnego, turystycznego oraz usług dla biznesu. W tym miejscu można pokusić się o zadanie pytania: gdzie tkwią korzenie sukcesu tego regionu? Rozwój województwa uzależniony jest od szeregu czynników. W przypadku Małopolski istotną rolę odgrywa potencjał naukowo-badawczy uczelni oraz szeregu ośrodków naukowych tutaj zlokalizowanych. Wokół tej problematyki koncentrują się rozważania zawarte w artykule. Małopolska oferuje potencjalnym inwestorom szeroki wachlarz zasobów możliwych do wykorzystania: wysoko wykwalifikowaną kadrę, dostęp nie tylko do bogatej oferty edukacyjnej czy szkoleniowej, ale również do innowacyjnych rozwiązań dla firm. Warto również w tym miejscu wspomnieć o atrakcyjnych terenach inwestycyjnych, nowoczesnych powierzchniach biurowych czy możliwości korzystania z programów pomocy publicznej. Wymienione powyżej determinanty tworzą wartość dodaną, w oparciu o którą można budować region uczący się.
Miasto-kurort Kołobrzeg po pierwszym roku pandemii COVID-19
Authors: Miedziński Mariusz
Published: August 2021

Celem pracy jest podjęcie próby ustalenia, jaki wpływ na funkcjonowanie miasta Kołobrzeg miała pandemia COVID-19 w aspekcie cyklicznego zamykania i otwierania obiektów lecznictwa uzdrowiskowego i bazy noclegowej największego polskiego uzdrowiska. Spośród wszystkich polskich uzdrowisk miasto Kołobrzeg reprezentuje obszar największej w skali kraju koncentracji turystycznej bazy noclegowej, liczącej według danych GUS za 2019 r. 35 363 miejsc. Miasto jest bardzo atrakcyjnym miejscem lokalizacji licznych inwestycji mieszkaniowych, apartamentowych i hotelowych. Największy kurort nadmorski silnie uzależniony od turystyki i funkcji uzdrowiskowych przez ostatni rok zmagał się ze zmianami funkcjonowania bazy noclegowej, znaczącym spadkiem dochodów budżetowych, wzrostem bezrobocia, a jednocześnie dalszą intensyfikacją inwestycji mieszkaniowych, apartamentowych i hotelowych. Przebieg tych procesów od lutego 2020 r. do marca 2021 r. stanowi interesujące studium przypadku, pokazujące, jak duże kurorty nadmorskie o wiodącej funkcji uzdrowiskowej funkcjonowały w okresie pandemii COVID-19.
Infections à Trypanosoma evansi chez des chameaux en Jordanie
Authors: Al Rawashdeh O.F. , Sharif L.A. , Al Qudah K. , Al Ani F.K.
Published: August 2021

Dans cette étude, 257 chameaux provenant de différents districts de Jordanie ont été examinés : 140 dans la vallée du Jourdain, 51 dans le secteur d'Al-Safawi, 36 dans celui de Ramtha et 30 dans celui d'Amman. Les prélèvements sanguins ont été collectés dans des tubes contenant un anticoagulant. Les frottis ont été préparés à partir de chaque échantillon et colorés. Les échantillons ont également été inoculés à des souris immunodéprimées. Les résultats ont montré la présence de Trypanosoma evansi chez 132 chameaux. Le taux d'infection atteignait 33 % avec la technique de coloration des plaques et 51 % avec celle de l'inoculation aux souris. Le taux le plus important a été trouvé dans la vallée du Jourdain, d'avril à septembre. Parmi tous les chameaux, 65 étaient atteints de la forme aigüe de la maladie et présentaient de la fièvre, de l'anorexie, de l'asthénie, une anémie sévère et une leucocytose. Un examen hématologique a démontré qu'ils étaient gravement contaminés par T. evansi. D'autres chameaux (67) étaient plus légèrement infectés et n'avaient pas de manifestations cliniques de la trypanosomose. Enfin, 125 chameaux ne présentaient aucun signe de la maladie ni aucune trace de T. evansi dans le sang. Tous les chameaux malades, traités à la mélarsomine à la dose de 0,25 mg par kg ont été guéris, bien que 18 % d'entre eux aient eu besoin de deux à trois traitements successifs.
Le secteur des productions animales en Afrique subsaharienne, des indépendances à 2020. I. Place de l'Afrique subsaharienne dans les échanges mondiaux et évolution du secteur élevage
Authors: Tacher Georges , Letenneur Léon
Published: August 2021

Les productions animales de l'Afrique subsaharienne (Ass) contribuent pour une part variable, mais souvent importante, aux économies agricoles des différents pays. Elles représentent en moyenne un tiers du produit intérieur brut agricole (non compris l'élevage). L'Ass contribue pour moins de 2 % aux échanges mondiaux des produits de l'élevage. Elle importe 2,2 % des viandes et participe pour 1,4 % aux exportations mondiales. Il existe un solde déficitaire de 400 millions de $ US dont plus de la moitié concerne les viandes blanches. Le déficit dû aux importations est également important pour les produits laitiers, surtout le lait. En revanche, le solde de l'Ass est positif pour les cuirs et peaux. L'analyse de ces flux commerciaux montre qu'ils sont conditionnés par la proximité des partenaires, les contraintes sanitaires et les règlements qui en découlent. La demande régionale en produits animaux est ensuite analysée à partir de la consommation en protéines animales au cours des trente dernières années. Elle montre une faible consommation quotidienne de 9,2 g par habitant avec une évolution importante des produits consommés, notamment une forte augmentation des viandes de volailles et de porc. Pour les produits laitiers, si la consommation totale augmente de 2 % par an, la consommation annuelle par habitant diminue (32,2 kg en 1994). L'augmentation des productions est souvent inférieure à la croissance de la population humaine, la production des viandes a doublé en trente ans, mais les importations ont très fortement augmenté. Pour le lait, la production est en forte hausse, mais elle reste insuffisante et nécessite des importations supérieures à 1 000 tonnes équivalent lait (teql). Pour affiner cette approche générale, il sera nécessaire d'établir des zones d'échanges entre production, consommation et accès aux marchés, qui permettront de préciser les voies de développement régional.
L'efficacité anthelminthique de quelques plantes indigènes dans la province du Nord-Ouest au Cameroun
Authors: Nfi A. , Bayemi P. H. , Njwe R. , Tchoumboué J. , Njakoi H. , Mopoi N. , Njakoi M. , Django Sali
Published: August 2021

Des expériences ont été faites sur neuf groupes de huit veaux  pour déterminer l’efficacité anthelminthique de quatre plantes  indigènes : Terminalia glaucescens, Vernonia amygladina,  Solanum aculeastrum et Khaya anthotheca. Des échantillons  de fèces de veau ont été récoltés aux jours 0, 7, 14, 21, 28,  35 et 42 pour effectuer la numération des œufs par la technique sur lame de McMaster. Les résultats ont montré  que Solanum aculeastrum, Khaya anthotheca and Vernonia  amygladina étaient efficaces avec des réductions de I’excrétion des œufs respectivement de 34,4, 55,8, et 52,4 % à  doses complètes, 21 jours après le traitement.