bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Research on (Ti,Al)N Films Deposited by FCVA
Authors: Zhou You Long , Chen Zhou , Ji Sheng Xing , Nan Huang , Huang Nan
Published: July 2012

Abstract：(Ti, Al)N films were deposited on high-speed steel (HSS) by filtered cathodic vacuum arc (FCVA) technique under a nitrogen atmosphere. X-ray diffraction was used to characterize the structure of the films .The micro-hardness was tested. The result shows that the crystal structure and mechanical properties of (Ti,Al)N films are strongly dependent on the nitrogen partial pressure. The structure of (Ti,Al)N films is composed of Ti2N phase, TiN phase and TixAly phase. The hardness increases to a maximum at the nitrogen partial pressure of 8•0×10-2Pa, then decreases with increasing nitrogen partial pressure.
Technical Analysis on Three-Dimensional Virtual Learning Community
Authors: Yuan Xin Lei
Published: July 2012

Cultivating a sense of community in education has become increasingly popular. The purpose of this study was to analysis the three-dimensional virtual learning community. States of students in virtual community discourse were discussed from the technical view, than the paper sought to explore how media affected relationship between students.
Applications of Artificial Neural Network and Genetic Algorithm on Copper Tube Drawing
Authors: Meng Yan Min , Liu Jin Song
Published: July 2012

The processing of copper alloy tube is a typical processing technology with kinds of varieties, specifications and procedures. Its technology design is not only very alternative, but also has the development trend of integration, intelligence and automation. Research is based on the drawing technology after the cast & roll procedure of copper alloy tube. The expert database system of tube process was developed with the methods of knowledge reasoning, orthogonal experiment design, artificial neural network, genetic algorithm, numerical simulation, CAD parameter optimization and database integration. Thus, the intelligent design of floating plug drawing procedure was accomplished.
Effect of Molybdenum on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of TiC-Fe Cermets
Authors: Dai Hai Yang , Li Jun Feng , Zhai Feng Xiao , Cheng Xue Rui , Wang Yu Bo
Published: July 2012

The influence of Mo addition on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the TiC-Fe cermets has been studied. The specimens with different contents of Mo (4-8 wt.%) added into the TiC-Fe cermets were fabricated by conventional powder metallurgy and vacuum sintered at temperatures of 1440 °C. The microstructure and mechanical properties such as bending strength, impact toughness, hardness, wear resistance were investigated. The micrographs with different Mo content show that the final grain size of carbide phase became smaller and the specimens became more homogeneous and compact with increasing Mo content from 4 wt.% to 8 wt.% in raw powders. The mechanical properties measured show that the bending strength, impact toughness and wear resistance are the best when the Mo content is 6 wt.%.
Preparation and Properties of the Glass Fiber Reinforced PP Composites
Authors: Guo Jian Bing , Zhang Kai Zhou , Xue Bin , Qin Shu Hao
Published: July 2012

The effects of polypropylene grafted with maleic anhydride (PP-g-MA) and unsturated polyester (UP) on the interfacial interaction of PP/GF composites were investigated by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and mechanical properties. The experimental results demonstrate that PP-g-MA and UP could effectively improve interfacial interaction between the PP and GF. Based on SEM, good interfacial adhesion between PP and GF in PP/UP/GF and PP/ PP-g-MA /GF composites was observed. DSC results showed that the existense of PP-g-MA or UP caused t crystallization temperature and melting temperature shift to high temperature. All results in this paper were consistent, and showed the good interaction between PP and GF, which were proved by the mechanical properties of the composites.
Oscillation of Differential Equations with Variable Coefficients on Time Scales
Authors: Yan Xin Zhou
Published: July 2012

In this paper, we consider oscillation of solutions of the differential equations with variable coefficients on time scales, and obtain some sufficient conditions for oscillation of solutions.
Modeling of DIR-SOFC Based on Particle Swarm Optimization-Wavelet Network
Authors: Li Jun , Gao Nan , Cao Guang Yi , Zhu Xin Jian
Published: July 2012

Direct internal reforming solid oxide fuel cell (DIR-SOFC) is directly fueled with hydrocarbons and converts the chemical energy of the fuel directly into electrical energy. Particle swarm optimization (PSO) with adaptive inertia weights has global search ability and faster convergence rate. Wavelet network (WN) combines the advantage of multi-resolution approximation (MRA) of the wavelet decomposition and the capability of neural networks in learning from nonlinear process. The DIR-SOFC is considered a complicated nonlinear multi-input and multi-output (MIMO) system which contains coupling parameters. A method combines the WN with PSO algorithm is applied to establish the model of DIR-SOFC, avoiding the consideration of the complex process inside the cell. The simulation results show that the obtained dynamic model can accurately simulate the dynamics of the DIR-SOFC.
Numerical Simulation on Stress Distribution of High Pressure Water Jet Impacting Solid Material
Authors: Liao Hua Lin
Published: July 2012

It is important to make sure the stress distribution in the media under high pressure water jet as to improve jets utilities. A numerical analyzing model of stress distribution about interaction of high pressure water jets impinging solid material is established according to fluid-structure interaction theory. Standard k-ε equations model and controlled volume method for the water jets, and elastic orthotropic continuum and finite element method for the solid are adopted. The stress distributions in the fluid field and inside solid material with different water jetting velocities were computed using the model and method. Numerical results show that the stress distributes obviously on the part solid material under water jets impingement. The impinging area is subjected to compression stress, and the maximum tensile stress is located on impacting surface and the maximum shear stress being under impacting center about half nozzle diameter away. It concludes that by controlling the jet velocity and distance, jet cutting, breaking, decoating, surface processing efficiencies could be improved.
Kinematic Modeling of the Gear Shaping Based Novel Cutting Area Analytical Method for Large Gear Shaper
Authors: Yu Bing , Zhang Lian Hong , Du Hong Qi , Liu Fu Cong
Published: July 2012

Large gear is widely used as a key component of heavy machineries. Gear shaping is the most commonly process of large gear manufacturing. For the design of large gear shaper, the determination of its main driving force depends on the empirical formula. However, its result has shown that the main driving force is much larger than what really needs, which produces a lot of waste. A novel analytical method is proposed in this paper. According to this method, the cutting area can be calculated precisely, and the design of main driving force will be more reasonably, it also provides the theoretical foundation for the design of large gear shaper.
Flow Field Characteristics Simulation of the Exhaust Hood
Authors: Ren Ru Shan , Jiang Da Hua , Shi Fa En , Zhao Yun Chao
Published: July 2012

Cooking fume(CF) with harmful pollutants and heat is paid more attention to by many peple. Physical and mathematical model are established on the basis of standard kitchen, and flow field characteristics(FFC) of the exhaust hood(EH) is simulated by CFD. Simulation of flow field of the EH indicates that, reasonable air exhaust rate(AER) is made for emissions of pollutants in kitchen; the effect of grille on flow field of the EH is obvious; the EH height selected correctly is beneficial to enhance the capture efficiency, and the exhaust effect will be strengthened. Air conditioning treatment should be applied in the kitchen and will be beneficial to decrease the indoor temperature of the kitchen and control pollutant concentration.
Finite Element Analyses and Model of Squeeze Casting Process for Producing Magnesium Wheels
Authors: Lin Chang Jiang , Jin Yin , Tang Hong Qing
Published: July 2012

A finite element equation has been developed to simulate the squeeze casting process of a magnesium alloy wheel, a parametric model has been established to confirm the temperature field during filling and solidification process. The model can be used to investigate the effects of die design and process parameters (die temperature, pressure etc.) on the quality of castings.
Study on Titanium Carbide Particles Reinforced High Manganese Steel Composite
Authors: Wang Jing , Fu Si Jing , Jiang Shu Yong , Cheng Hong
Published: July 2012

High manganese matrix composite, reinforced by TiC particles, was synthesized in situ by means of conventional powder metallurgy route. The microstructure was investigated by means of Scanning electron microscopy. Pin-on-disc dry sliding wear tests had been carried out to study the wear behavior of TiC-reinforced high manganese steel matrix composites. The results show that TiC carbides are distributed uniformly in the composite. The abrasive wear resistance of the composites is higher than that of the unreinforced high manganese steel.
The Finite Element Mesomechanics Simulation of Polycrystal Martensitic Transformation’s Plastic Strain
Authors: Jia Xiu Li , Yu Xiao Gang
Published: July 2012

The plastic strain finite element mesomechanics simulation of polycrystal martensitic transformation bring up non-linear model of influence microscopic phase transition rate and stress. Further developement and application of Marc and on the base of microscopic chemical energy distribution, evenly. As the simulation showed: 1) Early into the plasticity than that of single crystal.2) Microplastic strain distribution is not uniform, microplastic strain maximum, minimum value ratio in different incremental step fluctuate greatly. 3) Meso martensitic transformation is not uniformly distributed, and uneven degree decreases with increment step. 4) The macro transformation rate simulation curves are exponential trend, and into the fully plastic state reached the point.
Preparation and Optical Properties of Carbon Fiber/ZnO Core-Shell Structure by a Simple Method
Authors: Wei Rong Hui , Du Kai , Gong Xiao Yang , Chen Qing Dong , Yang Hai Bin
Published: July 2012

A core-shell structure material, carbon fiber/ZnO was prepared by a surface modification precipitation process in aqueous solution. The structure, absorptive properties and photoluminescence properties of the composites were investigated. Results showed that the energy bandgap of samples calculated from the absorptive spectra was about 3.30eV. The green emission peak of the samples was ascribed to the oxygen vacancies.
Two-Phase Flow CFD Simulations of Bubble Crystallization Tube
Authors: Zhang Peng Fei , Hou Jian Long , Fang Ke Xue
Published: July 2012

At present, the studies of bubble crystallization focus on the gas velocity, crystallization efficiency and crystallization yield, the effects of other factors were not considered. So it is very important to study factors comprehensively that effect on the gas-liquid two-phase flow of bubble crystallization. In this paper, Fluent was used as a computing platform and RNG k-ε turbulence model and VOF multi-phase model was selected to simulate gas-liquid two-phase flow of bubble crystallization. The results show that as the gas inlet velocity increases, slug bubbles are more and more bigger, more and more dispersed bubbles are below the slug bubbles, crystallization efficiency first increases and then decreases; Under the gas pulse-inlet form condition, the better operating parameters are: gas velocity 1.0m/s, pulse duration 0.4s, interval time 0.8s, crystallization tube diameter 40mm. Simulations agree well with experimental data.
Studay on Platinum Prints Processes
Authors: Wang Hui
Published: July 2012

Platinum printing is a historic black-and-white prints process . The images made of platinum metals should theoretically be extremely permanent, it is clearly established that many platinum prints are in fact subject to various forms of staining caused by residual chemicals left after processing.Which produces a black-and-white image, and much wider in tonal scale. As contact printed with the full-sized negative pressed against the paper which coated emulsion, so all the clarity and details are preserved. In this paper analyse and discuss the development of this process and the process methods.
Synthesis, Characterization and Photocatalytic Activity of AgCl Loaded on TiO2/SBA-15 Composites
Authors: Yi Ge Er , Du Chun Fang , Su Yi Guo , Liu Zhi Liang
Published: July 2012

TiO2/SBA-15 and AgCl loaded on TiO2/SBA-15(AgCl-TiO2/SBA-15) composites were synthesized by a facile method. All products were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) and N2adsorption-desorption analysis. Photocatalytic activities of the composites were assessed by the photocatalytic decomposition of methyl orange (MO). The results indicated that TiO2or TiO2-AgCl existed in the matrix SBA-15, which reduced the specific surface area, pore volume and pore size of the matrix. The photocatalytic performances of TiO2/SBA-15 were higher than that of pure TiO2, and the resultant AgCl-TiO2/SBA-15 composites showed much higher photocatalytic performances than TiO2/SBA-15.
Effect of Water on Friction and Wear Performance of Bamboo Fiber Reinforced Resin Matrix Composites
Authors: Lin You Xi , Xie Wei , He Fu Shan
Published: July 2012

Bamboo fiber reinforced resin matrix brake materials were selected as research object, dry and wet friction experiment was conducted on MM200 abrasion tester. Results show that: friction coefficient drops down to a very low level under wet condition, wear rate of samples and counterparts also decreases, but the values of friction coefficient are still in the range of dry friction. Under dry and wet conditions, the tribilogical performance of sample has different relationships with the pressure and speed, especially with the speed. Friction surface was lubricated and cooled by water, in the meantime, the formation of friction film is suppressed, which leads to the differences of the tribilogy performance between dry and wet conditions. Morphologies of fricion surface was observed by SEM, worn surface in wet braking was not covered by friction film, many fine cracks and some patches were scattered over the substrate.
Effect of the Interface Control Process of Wood Fiber/PLA on Properties of Composites
Authors: Wu Yi Qiang , Liu Xiao Mei , Li Xin Gong
Published: July 2012

Biodegradable composites of wood fiber/PLA were fabricated by using stearic acid and titanate’s regulation on the interface of wood fiber/PLA with injection molding processing. The effects of the dosage of regulation agent on the mechanical and biodegradable properties were discussed. The results reveal that the tensile strength and impact strength were fabricated greatly after the process of regulation agent on wood fiber, however, the effect of titanate is much better than that of stearic acid as regulation agent. Both of them could improve the biodegradable properties of the composite.
Influence of Ammonium Hydroxide Treatment on Structural Stability of Polyaniline/Multi–Walled Carbon Nanotube Nanocomposites
Authors: Tang Yue , Qin Zong Yi , Liu Na
Published: July 2012

The composites consisting of multi–walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) core and polyaniline (PANI) shell were prepared in aqueous solution of hydrochloric acid, and then a de–doping process was achieved through a simple ammonium hydroxide (NH4OH) treatment. The influences of NH4OH treatment on the morphology, microstructure and thermal stability of the as–prepared composites were studied. It is found that after the removal of hydrochloric acid (HCl) as a volatile dopant and the low molecular weight components, structural stability of the treated composite could be achieved, leading to a significant enhancement on thermal properties.
Stress and Strain Analysis of Composite Gas Cylinder Based on ABAQUS
Authors: Duan Cheng Hong , Luo Xiang Peng , Zhang Nan
Published: July 2012

In this paper, a finite element model of a composite gas cylinder was established by ABAQUS finite element software, with consideration that both heads were helically wound and their wound angle and wound thickness varied with different parallel circle radius. Stress of the composite gas cylinder and PEEQ of its liner under different working conditions after autofrettage treatment were studied, the stress distribution was assessed by the DOT CFFC standard and the effective range of autofrettage treatment was confirmed. This finite element analysis method may be referable to the design and inspection of composite gas cylinders.
Effects of Process Parameters on Microstructure and Properties of TiC Reinforced Cu-Matrix Composites
Authors: Yan Jie , Jiang Kai Yong
Published: July 2012

TiC/Cu composites were prepared by means of high-energy ball mill and cold-press sintering. Confirming the better process parameters, the effects of the milling time and sintered temperature on microstructure, mechanical properties and electric conductivity of TiC/Cu composites was discussed. The shape of the composite grains changed from laminar to spherical and lattice distortion increased with the milling time increasing. The increase of the sintering temperature and TiC contents help to decrease porosity and density of the composites. With increasing of TiC mass fraction the bend strength increased first and then decreased，the peaks both appear in 10wt. %. The increasing of the sintering temperature is beneficial to improve the bend strength. Ball milled 15h the electric conductivity performs at optimum level. When the milling reached 24h, fine particles appear agglomeration and it shows a low level of the electric conductivity.
Temperature Sensor Anti-Sunlight Radiation Shield Material
Authors: Hu Wei Tong , Zhang Yu Xuan , Yu Liang , Liu Wang Sheng , Fan Li Guo
Published: July 2012

During the day, the air absorption of solar radiation is weaker than either of the temperature sensing element. At night, the infrared radiation of the air capacity and weaker than either of the temperature on the surface of the sensing element.The measured values of the components of any direct exposure to the air temperature during the day the system is higher than the actual temperature at night is lower than the actual temperature. To avoid this radiation error of temperature measurement devices to take effective radiation shielding measures. The thermometer screen is one of them, widely installed in the meteorological observation field.However, the weight of conventional thermometer screen, bulky and not suitable as a portable device and automotive equipment.Small temperature sensor anti-sunlight radiation shield is widely used in a variety of surface weather measurement occasions. This paper describes the developed by the Changchun Meteorological Instrument Research Institute, the temperature sensor anti-solar radiation shield (Model: DZQ03C-X) surface chemical composition.And detailed description of the DZQ03C-X and standard thermometer screen data of the temperature contrast in the same observation locations. Measurement of air temperatures of over 50 civil airports in China are using this DZQ03C-X temperature sensor anti-sunlight radiation shield.
Influence of Mn and Heat Treatment Technology on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of a Low-Alloy Wear-Resistant Cast Steel Shovel Tooth
Authors: Zhang Jing Qiang , Du Jie Min , Guo Ji Wei , Rong Shou Fan , Wang Guang Zhou
Published: July 2012

The influences of Mn and heat-treatment technology on microstructure and mechanical properties of medium-carbon-low-alloy wear-resistant cast steel were investigated. The results show that the hardness first increases and then drops down with the increase of Mn content, and the best hardness is 54HRC with Mn content 1.5%. The impact toughness first increases and then drops down with the increase of Mn content. The hardness and impact toughness first increase and then drop down with the increases of quenching temperature. The optimal impact toughness can be obtaind by quenching at 920°C and tempering at 200°C. Part of lower bainite and residual austenite and mass of tempered martensite are obtaind after tempering.
Investigation of the Microcellular Foaming and Diffusion of Supercritical Carbon Oxide in the Polypropylene/TiO2 Nanocomposites
Authors: Ying San Jiu , Li Cai Feng , Luo Yuan Xiang
Published: July 2012

The nanocomposites composed of polypropylene (PP) and TiO2nanoparticles with uniform dispersion (PP/TiO2nanocomposite) were prepared. The effects of the content of TiO2nanoparticles on the crystallinity of PP and the sorption amount (Ms) of CO2in PP/TiO2nanocomposite were investigated. The crystallinity of PP increased when the content of TiO2was less than 2wt% and decreased Subscript text when the content was over 2wt% (Msof CO2decreased when the content of TiO2nanoparticles was less (2increased from 3 wt% to 5 wt%. The effects of sorption time, extended ranges of temperature and pressure on Msof CO2were also studied by gravimetric method. The mechanism of the sorption and desorption of supercritical CO2in the PP/TiO2nanocomposite was discussed. In addition, the pore density of the microcellular PP/TiO2nanocomposite was controllable by tuning the Ms of CO2.
Influence of Interfacial Property on Failure Mode of Unilateralism Carbon Fiber Reinforced Resin Matrix Composite Subject to Short-Beam Shear
Authors: Wu Wen Juan
Published: July 2012

This study investigates the influence of interfacial property on the failure mode and damage mechanism of carbon fiber composites subject to shot-beam shear. Carbon fiber CCF300 made in China and T300 made in Japan were tested under the condition of 23 degree centigrade dry. Comparison was made for these composites on the shear strength data and the appearance of macro characters. Possible sequence of failure initiation and propagation of each composite was proposed by the SEM with optical microscopy observations of failed specimens. The result revealed that the interfacial property is the most important factor responsible for the failure mode of unilateralism carbon fiber composites, and the Chinese carbon fiber composites need to improve the interfacial property for wider use.
Effect of Post-HPT Heat Treatment on the Mechanical Performance in Ti/Cu-Cr/S20C Clad Materials
Authors: Ha Jong Su , Kim In Kyu , Hong Sun Ig
Published: July 2012

In this study Ti/Cu-Cr/S20C were clad by High Press Torsioning(HPT) and the effect of post-HPT heat treatment on the interfacial reaction products and the mechanical performance in Ti/CuCr/S20C clad material were studied. No cracks were observed to be emanated from the corner of the indentation mark on the intremetallic compound layer at the Ti/Cu-Cr interface, suggesting those intermetallic compounds is not so brittle. The stress-strain curves exhibited three steps in as-HPTed clad samples and those heat-treated at 500°C for 1hr. Step-wise fracture occurred in the sequence of S20C, Cu-Cr and Ti with each fracture resulting in the sudden drop of the stress. The stress-strain curves exhibited two steps in clad metals annealed at 600°C for 1hr, with first step corresponding to the fracture of S20C plate and the second one corresponding to the concurrent fracture of Ti and Cu-Cr plates. Ti/Cu-Cr/S20C heat-treated at 600°C for 24hrs exhibited just one step final fracture, suggesting that the bonding strengths are high enough to resist the localized strain concentration at the interfaces.
Preparation and Characterization of Sodium Lignosulfonate/PCL Composite
Authors: Yang Xu Ping , Zhang Chi , Zhou Ye , Xu Jing , Yang Wen Bin
Published: July 2012

Sodium lignosulfonate/PCL composites were prepared and characterized in this research. The LS/PCL composite was prepared by a twin-screw extruder to obtain fully blended composite. SEM and TGA were used for analysis of the morphology and thermostability of LS/PCL composite, respectively.
Synthesis and In Vitro Bioactivity of Hydroxyapatite/Polyamide66 Nanocomposite
Authors: You Chen , Chen Min Fang , Shen Rong Zhen , Liu De Bao
Published: July 2012

A stable n-HA non-aqueous sol was prepared. During the reaction, the gelatin coated the surface of n-HA rod and chemically bonded with the n-HA. PA66 was dissolved in formic acid and then added to n-HA sol with constant stirring for 3 hours at room temperature, a homogenous composite of 40wt.% n-HA and 60wt.% PA66 was successfully synthesized. It was found that no new phases appeared during formulating the n-HA sol and PA66 solution, but the crystallinity of PA66 was lower. The amide groups in the gelatin are same as PA66, the gelatin coated n-HA sol and PA66 solution have very good compatibility. The developed n-HA/PA66 composites were then soaked in a simulated body fluid (SBF) for 1, 2, 3, and 4 weeks, respectively. It was found that the composites immersed for 2 weeks effectively induced a new bone-like apatite layer with lower crystallinity. The n-HA/PA66 composites have much better bioactivity than PA66.
Research on Adsorption of Methylene Blue onto the Mesoporous Silica Microspheres
Authors: Huang Cheng Qun , Zhang Xue , Qiu Da Chuan , Wei Hong Juan
Published: July 2012

Mesoporous silica microspheres (MSM) with diameter about 100 nm were prepared by hydrothermal synthesis using cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide(CTAB) as template agent and tetraethyl orthosilicate(TEOS) as silica source. And they were characterized byscanning electron microscopy (SEM) , N2 adsorption-desorption analysis , infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). Then methylene blue adsorption test was investigated. Effect of pH, temperature of the adsorption of methylene blue onto MSM were studied. The adsorption amount onto MSM increased with the initial pH-value of the solution in the range of 3~10. Alkaline was more favorable to adsorption. The adsorption amount onto MSM decreased with the initial temperature of the solution at 22 °C~ 45 °C. low-temperature was more favorable to adsorption. The adsorption isotherm of methylene blue on MSM could be described by the Langmuir model.
In Situ Flame Synthesis of Polyhedral Nickel Oxide Nanoparticles on Carbon Fibers
Authors: Du Xu Sheng , Liu Hong Yuan , Mai Yiu Wing , Miao Ying Gang
Published: July 2012

Mono-dispersed Nickel oxide nanoparticles were directly formed on the carbon fibers through a facile in situ flame synthesis method. High magnification SEM and TEM study revealed that the nickel oxide nanoparticles have a polyhedral structure and are uniformly distributed on the surface of carbon fibers. The concentration effect of the precursor used on the growth of polyhedral nickel oxide nanoparticles on carbon fibers has been studied.
Wet Chemical Synthesis of Ni-Al Nanoparticles at Ambient Condition
Authors: Fadil Nor Akmal , Govindachetty Saravanan , Yoshikawa Hideki , Yamashita Yoshiyuki , Ueda Shigenori , Kobayashi Keisuke , Tanabe Toyokazu , Hara Toru , Gubbala Venkata Ramesh , Murakami Hideyuki , Noda Kazuhiko , Abe Hideki
Published: July 2012

The synthesis of intermetallic Ni-Al nanoparticles by co-reduction approach of several organometallic precursors with sodium naphthelide in non-aqueous solution was studied. The state of the art in nanoparticles synthesisation is the selection of suitable precursors and the adaption of colloid chemistry to non-aqueous media at the room temperature under inert atmosphere. The reduction of an organometallic precursor, nickel (II) acetylacetonate, Ni(Acac)2as a source of Ni element of the intermetallic, and aluminum trichloride, AlCl3in tetrahydrofuran (THF) solution gave a black particles. The powder X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (pXRD) result shows an expansion of lattice parameter for FCC-Ni indicating the cooperation of Al atoms in Ni structures. The estimation value of Al concentration using Scherrer’s equation is 10 at%. The particles were investigated in more detail by hard X-ray photoemission spectroscopy (HX-PES). The HX-PES spectrums confirmed that the black particles has binding energy consistent to standard materials of Ni3Al. The absence of organic residues shown by the Fourier-transform infrared, FTIR spectrometer indicates that the as prepared Ni-Al nanoparticles are free from by-products.
The Effect of the Preparation Conditions of Al2O3 Support to Catalysts for Diesel Particulate Removal from Exhaust Gases
Authors: Li Shu Hua , Liang Hong , Chen Yao , Liu Zhi Li
Published: July 2012

A study has been conducted on the preparation conditions of Al2O3 for the catalysts for diesel particulate matter. The results show that the preparation conditions of Al2O3 support had great contribution to performance of Sn-Cu-K-V/Zr02-Al2O3 catalyst. The conditions of precipitant, pH value and calcination temperature were investigated. The experiment results show that the suitable precipitant was Na2CO3, the pH value of the solution was 9 and calcination temperature was 1000°C. The catalyst which active components were loaded on the modified support by immersion method showed better catalytic activity.
Preparation and Properties of the Polystyrene/Alumina Nanocomposites
Authors: Wang Xu Man , Zhang Cai Ning
Published: July 2012

Silane coupling agent KH-570 was applied to modify the surface capability of the alumina (Al2O3). The modified Al2O3were dispersed in styrene. The in-situ polymerization was used to prepare the polystyrene/alumina (PS/Al2O3) composites, in which azodiisobutyronitrile (AIBN) was used as initiator. FTIR, DSC and TG were applied to characterize the prepared composites. The solvent resistance, thermal resistance of the composites and the average molecular weight of PS in PS/Al2O3nanocomposites were studied. The experimental results demonstrated that the solvent resistance of PS/Al2O3nanocomposites was improved by the adding of Al2O3nanoparticles. The thermal resistance of the composites increased with the increasing of the Al2O3content. Meanwhile, the molecular weight of PS in the composites increased with the increasing of the Al2O3content.
Preparation of Ultrafine Polyethylene-Silica Composite Particle with Core-Shell Structure
Authors: Zu Lei , Han Shun Yu , Gu Kai , Cui Xiu Guo
Published: July 2012

A novel ultrafine polyethylene/silica composite particle with core-shell structure was prepared by the sol-gel method in the presence of the melt polyethylene emulsion. A series of samples with different polyethylene content were prepared to investigate the unique characteristics of this original composite particle. The core-shell structure and composition of the composite particle was proved by the transmission electron microscopy observation and Fourier transform infrared spectra. The composite particles possess a spherical morphology and the mean size is about 160nm, presented by the scanning electronic microscope observation and nanoparticle tracking analysis, respectively.
Enhanced Heat Conduction in Cellulose Nanocrystals Grafting Polyethylene Glycol as Solid-Solid Phase Change Materials
Authors: Liu Yan Nan , Yu Hou Yong , Qin Zong Yi , Chen Long
Published: July 2012

Green copolymers as phase change material were prepared by grafting polyethylene glycol(PEG) onto a rigid molecular skeleton of cellulose nanocrystals (CNs), and their thermal properties were studied by thermal delay method and differential scanning calorimetry. The influences of the CNs on the thermal conductivity behavior and thermal energy storage capacity of the copolymers were evaluated. As expected, a great enhancement on thermal conduction can be achieved by introducing CNs.
Synthesis and Characterization of Nanocrystalline Ceria Powder through Homogeneous Precipitation Method
Authors: Liang Jin , Chen Hong
Published: July 2012

Nanocrystalline ceria powder was prepared through homogeneous precipitation method, orthogonal experiment was designed to figure out the most important factor that influence the particle size of the resultant and the optimum condition. X-ray diffraction revealed that the as-prepared nanoscale ceria powder had cubic fluorite structure, TEM image showed that the ceria powder was weakly agglomerated with a particle size of about 10 nm.
Collection Rate of Cu-30wt%Ag Alloy Nano Particle Prepared by Induction Plasma with Different Power
Authors: Zou Min Ming , Huang Wei , Liu Yong , Zhu Li Jun , Tian Kai Wen , Zhao Jie , Shang Fu Jun , Shi Hong Gang
Published: July 2012

The morphology and collection rate of Cu-30wt%Ag alloy nano particle prepared by induction plasma system with different power were studied. The results indicate that with the power of plasma increasing from 30 KW to 45 KW and then to 60 KW, the average size of Cu-30wt%Ag nano particle of 89 nm, 72 nm and 50 nm is obtained respectively, and the collection rate improves from 47.5% to 50.1% and 55.2%. Meanwhile, the plasma power has an obvious effect on the specific area of nano particle.
Synthesis and Characterization of Sliver Nanoparticles in KH-550 DMF Solution
Authors: Chen Yan Ming , Han Jiao
Published: July 2012

Silver nanoparticles have been synthesized in 3-(aminopropyl)triethoxysilane (KH-550) solution using DMF (N, N-dimethylformamide) as both solvent and reductant at room temperature and 120°C. A characteristic surface plasmon band can be observed for the obtained silver nanoparticles from UV-vis absorption spectra, which indicate that KH-550 can serve as stabilizing agent for the formation of silver nanoparticles. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) results show that silver nanoparticles with different sizes were obtained by simply controlling the reaction temperature.
Deoxycholate-Assisted Photochirogensis of Silver Nanoparticles
Authors: Xiao De Bao , Liu Li Li , Wang Jing
Published: July 2012

The Silver nanoparticles with chiroptical feature have been prepared via chiral transfer through supramolecular interaction during the photoirradiation of silver salt with the assistance of chiral environment provided by sodium deoxycholate at pH 9.7. The pH value plays a significant role for the formation of optically active silver nanoparticles, which may be due to the changes in distance and conformation caused by the addition of hydroxy anion. The as-synthesized silver nanoparticles exhibit the typical surface plasmon absorption, and most importantly, the positive circular dichroism signal in CD spectrum. This finding may be fundamentally important, on the one hand, in term of the fact that chiral photochemistry is extendable to the hot field of inorganic nanomaterials. On the other hand, the as-prepared chiral silver nanoparticles may find their application in chiral opto-electronic switches, the catalysts for asymmetric organic synthesis, or the host for chiral organic photochemistry.
Diffuse Reflectance Light on Surface of Biological Material
Authors: Zhang Lian Shun , Liu Wen Li
Published: July 2012

The absorption and transport scattering coefficients of biological material determine the radial dependence of the diffuse reflectance light that is due to a point source. In order to noninvasive determinate the optical scattering and absorption coefficients of biological material, we must know the radial dependence of the diffuse reflectance. The diffusion approximation of the radiative transfer equation is a model used widely to describe photon migration in biological material. An analysis of the steady state diffusion equation together with its solution of the diffuse reflectance light for the slab geometry and for a semi-infinite diffusing biological material is reported. The result has been compared with that obtained from Monte Carlo simulations. The comparison has shown that the solution about the diffuse reflectance light on surface of biological material is the same as that obtained from Monte Carlo simulations.
A Fluorescence pH Sensor Based on Fluorescence Resonant Energy Transfer from Gold Nanoclusters to Porphyrin
Authors: Liao Bo , Long Peng , Huang Hao Wen , Shen Shao Hua
Published: July 2012

The uniform Au nanoclusters ( NCs) were prepared with a simple method, and we used the uniform Au NCs and annioic tetrakis (4-sulfonatophenyl) (TPPS) porphyrin to prepare a pH sensor, of which fluorescence can be reversely modulated depending on the pH change. The fluorescence modulation of the pH sensor is related to fluorescence resonant energy transfer（FRET）from the Au NCs to TPPS.
Magnetic States of Heterophase Particle in the Field of Mechanical Stresses
Authors: Afremov Leonid , Kirienko Yury
Published: July 2012

In this paper we investigate the dependence of the magnetic states of heterophase particles on mechanical multiaxial stresses. It is shown that for such particles, there are four possible states, and the conditions of stability of these states are determined.
Study on ZrC-20vol.%SiCw Ultrahigh Temperature Ceramics by Hot Pressing
Authors: Li Jin Ping , Meng Song He , Wang Zhi Bo , Liu Qing , Zhang Yu Min
Published: July 2012

The ZrC-20vol.%SiCw ultrahigh temperature ceramics with relative density of 99.2% can be prepared by hot pressing at 1900 oC and 30MPa for 60 min. The mechanical properties and microstructure of the composite were studied. The flexural strength and fracture toughness reaches up to 626.17MPa, 5.03 MPa•m1/2, respectively. SEM analysis shows the microstructure of the ZrC-20vol.%SiCw is homogeneous and SiC whiskers are uniformly distributed around the ZrC grains, which inhibit the ZrC grain growth during sintering. The fracture surface of ZrC-20vol.%SiCw reveals a mixture of intergranular and transgranular failure, and SiC whiskers play a remarkable role in improving the strength and toughness of ZrC matrix. The toughening mechanism of the composite is mainly fine-grain strengthening and whisker pull-out.
The Tuning Color of Red Electroluminescence Based on Eu-Complexed Bis(2-(diphenylphosphino)phenyl)ether Oxide
Authors: Pang Hui , Zhang Wen Guan , Zhao Sheng Min
Published: July 2012

Eu-complexed bis(2-(diphenylphosphino)phenyl)ether oxide (Eu(TTA)3DPEPO) was synthesized. Its photoluminescence (PL) spectra peaked at 607 nm in THF, fluorescence lifetime was measured to be 459.94 μs. The highest occupied molecular orbit (HOMO) and the lowest unoccupied molecular orbit (LUMO) energy levels were -5.25 and -2.02 eV. Four multilayer devices were fabricated with different structures. The EL spectra from Eu3+ characteristic emission at 616 nm would be observed in all devices. The emission from Alq3 was suppressed when BCP was inserted, the balance of charge transport could be achieved when PBD was mixed. The Commission International de L’Eclairage (CIE) coordinates were tuned from (0.36, 0.51) for Device A to (0.63,0.36) for Device D. The luminescence of Devices C and D reached up to 164 and 120 cd/m2.
Similarity Evaluation for Magnetic Materials Sintering
Authors: Li Jun , Lei Yun Hui , Zhou Min
Published: July 2012

ABSTRACT. The evaluation of the sintering quality of magnetic materials is an important issue. Similarity measures between curves have a broad prospect in the prediction of process industry. A new algorithm was presented in this paper to calculate the similarity between the designed process curve and the acquired one. The limitation of traditional similarity measures was avoided and the characteristics of process and the curve form were taken into account. Then, the similarity measure was applied to valuate the actual process performance of magnetic materials sintering. It shows that the proposed similarity evaluation methods can be used to effectively predict or analyze the control performance.
Synthesis and Photo-Initiating Properties of a Quaternary Ammonium Salts Photoinitiator with Ionic Liquids Structure
Authors: Zhong Rong , Cao Cao Gui
Published: July 2012

Several acetophenoneammonium tetraorganylborate salts as photoinitiators(PI) were synthesized by two-step method Which can dissolve in polyurethane- acrylate(PUA).Their structure were characterized by 1HNMR. The photopolymerization of B205 (bifunctionality PUA), intiated by acetophenone-ammonium tetraorganylborate salts and Darocur 1173, were studied.The results indicte that they were efficient for the polymerization but least than the Darocur 1173,and the hardness of the films were at least 3H after irradiation of UV.
Numerical Examples of Variable Cross-Section Beam Elements
Authors: Ma Lv Zhou , Liu Jian , Diao Xun Lin , Jia Xiao Dong
Published: July 2012

Based on MATLAB platform, program VCBEP (Variable Cross-section Beam Element based on Positional FEM) is compiled, and the cantilever beam with linear profile and the parabolic simple supported beam are calculated. The variable cross-section beam element is proposed to analyze rectangular beam whose beam depth changes in a linear or quadratic parabolic way and beam width is fixed and the exact solution can be obtained.
Finite Element Analysis of the Biaxial Tensile Specimen of Woven Architectural Membrane Material
Authors: Cao Rong Ping , Yi Hong Lei
Published: July 2012

The finite element analysis (FEA) has been widely used in research and production. It is well known that ABAQUS software is famous for its capacity of solving nonlinear problems. Create the test specimen model that is based on biaxial cross tensile test specimen of woven architectural membrane material by the ABAQUS software. The effects of the fillet radius(R), the width of the specimen (W), the length (L) and the number (N) of the crack are considered. It is found that while the whole specimen is 180*180mm it is most uniform when the R is 5mm, the W is 60mm, the L is about 60mm and the N is 5.
The Research on SEAM Modified Asphalt under Low Temperature
Authors: Zhao Ning , Liu Yu Long , Gao Gen Hui
Published: July 2012

Sulfur Extended Asphalt Modified (SEAM) is a newly developed asphalt modifier. The principal purpose of this paper is to study the performance of SEAM modified asphalt under the low temperature. Through the Low-temperature splitting test and the Low-temperature bending test .It indicated that the SEAM enhances the performance of asphalt under the low temperature.
Pilot Tests for the Comprehensive Utilization of Coal Refuse to Produce Alumina and Cement Clinker
Authors: Xiao Qiu Guo , Xiang Shao Bin , Shen Shao Hua
Published: July 2012

This paper describes a pilot process for the comprehensive utilization of coal refuse. During the process, alumina was first extracted from coal refuse, the residue was then used to calcine cement clinker, and all of the waste gases and water were recovered and re-used in the process of alumina extraction. During the first process, the appropriate temperature regimen and temperature distribution were determined based on laboratory results in a tunnel kiln, and were optimized during the pilot process. The most important step of the temperature regimen is the increasing rate within the temperature range of 500–600°C. And the last determined temperature regimen is suitable to be used in the other industrial kiln when the other processes are applied for the extraction of alumina from coal refuse. The extraction rate for alumina has also been investigated in the pilot tests, and it is a bit lower than those obtained in the laboratory tests. Two methods were used for the calcination of cement clinker. The clinker calcined directly from the adjusted residue could be used for applications with low strength demands, whereas the clinker calcined from the residue and the raw materials of the Portland cement clinker could be used normally.
A Preliminary Study on Class F Fly Ash-Based Geopolymers Formed by Pressure as Acid-Resisting Bricks
Authors: Peng Mei Xun , Wang Zheng Hong , Shen Shao Hua
Published: July 2012

Class F fly ash-based geopolymers formed by pressure were prepared, and the preparation factors effecting on properties especially mechanical strength were discussed and optimized. The geopolymer specimens show excellent integrated properties such as mechanical strength, acid-resistance and water absorption and can be potentially applied to acid-resisting bricks except for acid-resistance left to be improved. The elevated curing temperature and the prolonged curing time are both beneficial to develop the mechanical strength as well as the moderately increased forming pressure and quartz sand/fly ash ratio. Being pretreated at elevated temperature for proper time before press forming improves the mechanical strength and reduces the water absorption greatly.
The Hydrogen Blistering Formed on the Surface of A333Gr6 Pipeline Steel Exposed to Wet H2S Solution
Authors: Zheng Shu Qi , Zhou Cheng Shuang , Chen Li Qiang , Chen Chang Feng
Published: July 2012

After Hydrogen-induced cracking (HIC) test, many hydrogen blisters appeared on the surface of A333Gr6 pipeline steel. The amount of hydrogen blistering depends on the sample location. The amount and area rate of the hydrogen blistering on the surface of A333Gr6 sample near the internal wall are more than those of the sample near the external wall. After the upper part of the hydrogen blisters were torn off, the fracture surfaces of the upper and lower parts of the blister were analyzed by scanning electronic microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). The cell segregation inclusion of alloying elements which contain Ca and Al sulfides and oxides were observed in most of the nucleation sites of hydrogen blisters. The result shows that the dislocations and the increasing vacancy concentration are the main reasons to form hydrogen cavities in the nucleation sites. The hydrogen pressure which exceeds the strength of the materials will cause the formation of hydrogen blister.
Microstructure Analysis of Soil Consolidation Material
Authors: Yan Liang , Yu Xiang
Published: July 2012

Polymer modified straw fiber-reinforced cementitious composition（PSFC） prepared by polyacrylamide, straw fiber, industrial solid waste and cement, was a new type of and soil consolidation material. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) were used to identify major chemical composition and structure of the matrix-fiber interface. The results show that the polyacrylamide can efficiently improve the structure of matrix-fiber transition zone, and water-soluble polymer mixing amount acts significantly on its existing morphology.
Synthesis and Characterization of a Novel Linear Benzoxazine-Containing Polytriazole via Metal-Free Click Reaction and its Self-Crosslinking Behavior
Authors: Xu Zhong Yi , Du Lei , Wan Li Qiang , Huang Fa Rong
Published: July 2012

A novel linear benzoxazine-containing polytriazole was successfully synthesized via metal-free click reaction. Benefited from the advantages of click reaction, the synthesis procedure was easily and efficiently. The linear polymer could be transformed into crosslinked structure after ring-opening polymerization of oxazine induced by the increasing temperature. The FT-IR characterization verified the structure transformation between linear and crosslinked polymer. Moreover, the thermal properties and thermal degradation behaviors of linear polymer and the corresponding crosslinked polymer were studied by DSC and TGA. The novel polytriazole was proved to be a kind of thermal stable polymers with high thermal decomposition temperature (Td5over 300°C).
Actinozoan-Like Carbon Materials Prepared via a Solvothermal Route
Authors: Mi Yuan Zhu , Luo Yue
Published: July 2012

Actinozoan-like carbon materials with high yields have been successfully synthesized via a solvothermal route in a stainless steel autoclave. In this process, polyethylene glycol, magnesium acetate and n-butanol were used as starting materials. The resulting products were characterized with X-ray powder diffractometer (XRD), energy-dispersive X-ray spectra (EDX), Raman spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The actinozoan-like carbon materials have diameters ranging from 100 nm to 120 nm, and lengths ranging from several microns to dozens of microns. The optimal reaction conditions to obtain actinozoan-like carbon materials are 500 °C and 12h.