bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENGARUH PROGRAM SERTIFIKASI TANAH TERHADAP AKSES PERMODALAN BAGI USAHA MIKRO DAN KECIL STUDI KASUS PROGRAM SERTIFIKASI TAHUN 2008 DI KABUPATEN KULON PROGO
Authors: Istikomah Istikomah
Published: January 2022

This paper discusses influence of land certification program on Micro and Small Enterprises (MSEs) to access capital through the identification of factors that influence the decision of micro and small entrepreneurs (MSEs) in the use of Certificate of Land Ownership (SHM) as collateral and identification of the influence of certificate program to increase total loans granted to MSEs as the land owner. The identification of the factors that influence the decision of MSEs in the use of SHM as loan collateral (Y1), use binary logit regression analysis with independent variable including credit application purposes (X1), the suitability of the number of credits earned by the required amount (X2), the preception of lending procedures financial institutions (X3), perceptions of ability to repay the loan (X4), the age of the respondent (X5), sex (X6), the education level of respondents (X7), MSEs participation in MSE land certificate program (X8) and the amount of labor (X9). Meanwhile, the identification of the factors that affect the increase in lending financial in the factors that affect the increase in lending financial institution (Y2) uses multiple linear regression analysis with the independent variables include omzet (X1), the use of certificates as collateral (X2), MSEs perception of the analysis applied to financial institutions (X3), the age of respondents (X4), sex (X5), educational level (X6), and participation in the program MSEs land certificate MSE (X7).
THE LEGITIMAZATION OF VIOLENCE AGAINST THE AHMADIYYA COMMUNITY IN INDONESIA
Authors: Breidlid Torhild
Published: January 2022

The Ahmadiyah community in Indonesia has experienced increasing infringement on their religiousfreedom in various forms during the last ten years. The opening up of democracy in 1998 resultedin the involvement of “non state actors “in religious violence. Despite increasing attacks against theAhmadiyah community, the state has been reluctant to prevent or punish religious attacks against theAhmadiyah community. In this article I argue that violence against the Ahmadiyah is in danger ofbecoming legitimate.
KOHESI DAN KOHERENSI WACANA STAND UP COMEDY PRANCIS DAN INDONESIA
Authors: Anjani Esa Agita
Published: January 2022

Stand up comedy is an art comedy show which develops rapidly in all over world nowadays. Standup comedy considered as a smart comedy. This research will concern about french and indonesianstand up comedy discourse by Tomer Sisley (french) and Raditya Dika (indonesian). This paper focuson cohesion and coherence analysis. The results showed that cohesion and coherence are the mostimportant aspect for making a good stand up comedy discourse. Cohesion aspect in stand up comedyare gramatical cohesion (reference, substitution, ellipsis, conjunction) and lexical cohesion (repetion,synonim, antonym, collocation). Also, coherence aspects are additional relation, temporal relation,oppositional relation, affectional relation, causal relation, conditional relation. Repetion is a cohesivetools which more dominate in this stand up comedy discourse.
Gebrakan dan Penganekaragaman: Budaya Persaingan dalam Pertumbuhan Seni Pertunjukan Rakyat di Boyolali Jawa Tengah
Authors: Kiswanto Kiswanto , Joko Tri , Dwiyanto Aris
Published: January 2022

This study aims to reveal and explain the cultural practice of competition in the growth of folk performing arts in Boyolali through the monopolistic competition theory approach of Edward Hastings Chamberlin, which has been adapted and developed critically with ethnographic research methods. This research produces findings in the form of a cultural pattern of competition that occurs indirectly among folk performing arts communities in Boyolali. Its characteristics can be recognized by the pattern of development and diversification of works of art between communities which is carried out by adding and producing forms of art that are distinguished from one another. This pattern is built through the process and the result of creativity from the practice of developing, creating, and/or adopting art forms based on the intention to create and present a gebrakan. On the other hand, this process is also part of the diversification process carried out as a strategy to strengthen the community’s positioning in facing market competition. The patterns and strategies developed in it have had a positive impact on the growth of folk performing arts which are increasingly diverse, so that there are many choices of competing art forms that can be chosen to be seen or ordered to be performed.
Social Capital and Household Poverty in Indonesia
Authors: Saputri Agustinur
Published: January 2022

Poverty has been continuously seen as a critical global challenge issue faced by many countries across the continents. As one of the main goals of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), strategies to overcome poverty have become interesting topics in discussions on both a global and national scale. In Indonesia, the issue of poverty alleviation still occupies the national development priority. Interestingly, the government agendas for combating poverty now include a plan to incorporate the role of social capital. This raises a question of how social capital might help in the agenda of alleviating poverty that has been dominantly seen as a structural issue? This study aimed to examine the condition of social capital in Indonesia according to the dimensions and areas of residence, and the effect of social capital on household poverty in Indonesia. Using the National Socioeconomic Survey (Susenas) data of September 2018, this study was analyzed descriptively and inferentially. The study showed that the households’ social capital in rural areas was higher than households in urban areas. The dimension of collective action was the strongest dimension in Indonesia’s social life, both in rural and urban, which was then followed by the dimensions of trust and tolerance as well as groups and networks. Binary logistic regression analysis found that social capital had a significant negative effect on household poverty. Control variables such as areas of residence, household head’s gender, household head's marital status, number of household members, household head’s age, household head's education level, and household head’s main occupation also affected household poverty.
Kemandirian Peternak Sapi Perah Anggota Koperasi Susu Warga Mulya Sleman, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta
Authors: Sulastri Endang , Haryadi F. Trisakti , Guntoro Budi , Andarwati Siti , Putra Ahmad Romadhoni Surya
Published: January 2022

Kemandirian menjadi isu penting bagi komunitas peternak di Indonesia. Dalam hal ini akan dibahas dalam kasus proses peningkatan produksi susu berkualitas dan pengembangan peternakan sapi perah di Indonesia. Produksi susu dalam negeri di Indonesia masih belum memenuhi jumlah permintaan pasar hingga, hal ini mengakibatkan ketergantungan atas impor susu masih cukup tinggi. Oleh karena itu, tuntutan Industri Pengolahan Susu (IPS) mengharuskan peternak untuk meningkatkan produksi dan juga kualitas susu yang dihasilkan menjadi tema penting dalam pembahasan dan analisis penelitian ini. Fokus perhatian dalam penelitian menekankan pada isu kemandirian peternak. Penelitian ini akan menganalisis berdasarkan indikator pengambilan keputusan, kreativitas dan solusi pemecahan masalah. Secara khusus, penelitian ini menganalisis tingkat kemandirian peternak anggota koperasi dan mengetahui faktor-faktor yang kemandirian peternak. Penelitian menggunakan metode survey dengan jumlah sampel 52 peternak anggota Koperasi Susu Warga Mulya. Kemandirian peternak dianalisis dengan menggunakan skor, sementara untuk mengetahui pengaruh umur, pendidikan, kepemilikan betina produktif dan pengalaman beternak terhadap kemandirian peternak sapi perah dilakukan uji regresi. Studi ini menyimpulkan bahwa peternak yang tergabung dalam Koperasi Susu Warga Mulya mayoritas memiliki kemandirian dalam kategori sedang. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut, dapat dijelaskan bahwa peternak memiliki kemandirian yang cukup dalam menjalankan usahanya. Meskipun demikian, peternak masih memiliki kendala besar terkait pengambilan keputusan penetapan harga jual susu. Hal ini dikarenakan peternak tidak memiliki kemandirian untuk menentukan harga jual susu.
Fase Respon dan Strategi Petani Bunga Potong dalam menghadapi Pandemi Covid-19 di Gunungsari Batu, Jawa Timur
Authors: Wahyudi Fidela Dzatadini , Wisadirana Darsono , Chawa Anif Fatma
Published: January 2022

Pandemi covid-19, telah menyebabkan dampak negatif multidimensional di seluruh dunia.Salah satu unsur kehidupan yang paling rentan terkena dampak negatif tersebut adalah petani, termasuk di dalamnya petani bunga potong mawar di Desa Gunungsari Kecamatan Bumiaji Kota Batu Jawa Timur. Adanya pandemi covid-19, para petani tidak hanya berhadapan dengan persoalan dasar petani saja, tetapi juga berhadapan dengan persoalan anomali bencana non alam yang berkaitan dengan aspek-aspek non pertanian. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis fase respon dan strategi bertahan hidup petani di era pandemi covid-19. Penelitian ini berdasarkan pada studi lapang dan wawancara mendalam dengan petani bunga mawar di Batu mulai tahun 2000-2001. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan, bahwa respon petani mengikuti pola siklus dari fase psiko-kognitif, sosiologis, tindakan ekonomi, budaya teknologi pemasaran, dan teologis atau keyakinan atas ajaran agama. Sedangkan strategi bertahan hidup yang dipilih oleh petani meliputi pengenalan dan pendalaman ancaman pandemi, mengurangi jumlah tanaman dan konversi jenis tanaman, ekonomi subsistensi, digitalisasi pemasaran, serta doa, ikhtiar dan pasrah. Strategi bertahan hidup merupakan fungsi dari serangkaian respon yang dimiliki seseorang atas persoalan yang menimpanya. Strategi bertahan hidup petani tidak bersifat kolektif, melainkan bersifat personal atas dasar rasionalitas instrumental dan rasionalitas orientasi nilai.
Factors related to the pandemic period and its possible influence on the exclusive breastfeeding phase in the cities of Belem and Ananindeua– PA/Brazil
Authors: Lopes Bruna Macedo , Santos Bárbara Martins de Sales , Freitas Isabelle Eduarda Cunha de , Monteiro Mayla Karla de Souza , da Silva Luísa Margareth Carneiro
Published: January 2022

The research aimed to understand the possible factors associated with the COVID-19 pandemic that may have impaired the period of exclusive breastfeeding. Cross-sectional and anonymous study with 62 mothers from the cities of Belem and Ananindeua – PA/Brazil, using an online form.As a result, predominantly: 1/3 had completed higher education, 25 and 49 years old, single, monthly income of 1 to 2 minimum wages, did not participate in government aid programs, cesarean delivery, prenatal care performed at SUS, were still breastfeeding, 45% had symptoms of anxiety, depression or compulsive disorder, 63% of children fell ill in the last 6 months. 24% of women felt insecurity or fear of breastfeeding because of media news.The presence of professional prenatal guidance on pregnancy and COVID-19 was absent in more than 1/3 of the women, 37% did not receive professional guidance on breastfeeding during prenatal care, and 81% did not receive guidance on breastfeeding with suspicion or diagnosis of COVID-19. Of the statements heard by a family member or close person, the most frequent was: "You cannot do prenatal care or go to the hospital so as not to get COVID-19".The number of times the child became ill in the last 6 months and hospitalization of the child were correlated with the period of breastfeeding with p<0.0001 and p=0.0455, respectively. This study brings a new perspective to the findings involving maternal and child nutrition and the COVID-19 pandemic, and it is essential that more comprehensive policies are reformulated, for the training of health professionals in the context of coping with COVID-19 and for managing news available in the media.
Specialized Dictionary Mobile Apps for Students Learning English for Engineering, Business and Computer Science
Authors: Al-Jarf Prof. Reima
Published: January 2022

Use of dictionaries is an integral part of language learning and teaching. With the availability of smartphones, EFL, ESL and ESP students can access and download a variety of specialized mobile dictionaries Apps (MDAs). Specialized MDAs are of special importance for students learning English for engineering, business, and computer science purposes. They contain thousands of essential specialize technical terms covering several sub-categories within the engineering, business and computer science fields. They are a good tool for enriching the students’ specialized vocabulary and helping them learn faster and remember more in a shorter time. This article aims to show ESP instructors examples of engineering, computer science and business MDAs available in the Google Play or Apple Stores; how specialized MDAs can be located; criteria for selecting specialized MDAs; the lexicographical features of specialized MDA and instructional stages with MDAs. Instruction with MDAs goes through three stages: pre-task, task, and post-task phases. The instructor serves as a facilitator. She can help students find and download MDAs that meet their needs and purposes and match their proficiency level; gives pre-questions; and follows the students up to make sure they are making the best use of MDAs. The article concludes with some recommendations for ESP pedagogy with MDAs.
Gestión del talento humano en el Centro Clínico Los Ángeles, C. A.
Authors: Villarroel Díaz Irvana del Carmen
Published: January 2022

La presente investigación estuvo dirigida a analizar la gestión del talento humano en el Centro Clínico Los Ángeles, C. A., basándose teóricamente en Zabaleta (2013), Chiavenato (2009), Vallejo (2016), Dolan y Cabrera (2007), Calderón (2008), entre otros. La investigación fue de tipo analítica, con diseño no experimental, transversal y de campo; en la cual se aplicó como técnica de recolección de datos la entrevista estructurada y el instrumento de guía de entrevista. La validez fue de contenido mediante juicio de expertos. Los datos se analizaron a través de una matriz de análisis, permitiendo concluir que efectivamente en la empresa en estudio se aplican los procesos de gestión de talento humano tales como: admisión, aplicación, compensación, desarrollo, mantenimiento y monitoreo de personas, sin embargo, se pudo constatar que la empresa no basa su gestión de recursos humanos en los modelos de gestión de conocimiento y por competencias, siendo ello una oportunidad de mejora para potencializar su gestión estratégica. En cuanto a las tendencias, sus directrices se enfocan en la búsqueda del posicionamiento en el mercado mediante una filosofía de gestión de calidad en sus servicios.
Principles of Combination of Architecture in the Process of Restoration and Conservation of Architectural Monuments
Authors: Muratkulovich Abduraimov Sherzod
Published: January 2022

Abstract: The article deals with the history of construction of monuments in Uzbekistan, architectural formation, the initial task, architectural and functional changes that took place before our arrival, the historical value of the monument, material, structural, artistic and architectural aspects. the degree of preservation, the principles of determining the need for conservation and restoration of monuments, as well as their drawings, ie history, style, appearance of devices, decorations, patterns he worked on the spreads, fragments, sketches and projects of Nigorlam, and in some cases the model or layout of the future building, the proportions of architectural forms, paigor in drawing, all the proportions used in architecture, the law of proportions in architecture, the principles are explained as architectural decorations are designed in accordance with the shapes of the building. Keywords: Historical cities, architectural monuments, cultural and natural cultural heritage, architecture and urban planning, principles, forms, construction, restoration, conservation.
Shortest Distance Queries on Encrypted Graph Data Based on GENOA
Authors: Lawrence Jinsha
Published: January 2022

Abstract: In the execution time of the nearest distance queries, which means shortest distance queries on the encrypted graph data that stored in external storage like cloud storage, in previous scheme there are some challenges as how to figure the accurate shortest distance in efficient and secure way. In previous work a novel scheme of Somewhat Homomorphic Encryption (SWHE) is implemented to overcome the issues mentioned above and this SWHE is used for encryption. The SWHE will encrypt the output values (shortest distance) by 2-hop cover labeling (2HCL). The storage space of this SWHE is not sufficient for the data owner and it mostly gives the negative results and very low efficient. So, to provide the best efficient, accurate result and better storage for data owner a new novel scheme is implemented in this paper. A new proposed scheme called Graph Encryption scheme for shortest distance queries (GENOA) and the 2HCL index is also implemented. This GENOA is for execution of the shortest distance queries of graph data, this proposed scheme is highly efficient, and give the accurate result as per the queries. This new scheme help in storage and security also. Index Terms: Graph encryption; 2-hop cover labelling; Graph Encryption scheme for shortest distance queries (GENOA); Shortest distance queries.
Urbanization and Slum Development with Special Reference to Erode District of Tamilnadu
Authors: Krishnan Dr. N.
Published: January 2022

Abstract: The present study is focusing on urbanisation and slum development with special reference to Erode district, Tamilnadu. The urban population in the world is rising generally. The estimates are that more than 60% of the increase in the world’s urban population over the next three decades will be in Asia, mostly in China and India, but also in Pakistan, Bangladesh, the Philippines, and Vietnam. Nine out of 23 cities with populations of more than 10 million people are in Asia. Similarly, Asia will have many cities projected to have more than a million people each. This is reflected in poor housing, urban infrastructural support, and social and reproductive health services. It could be concluded that the number of children of respondents. Out of the 100 respondents, the highest of 62 respondents have male children and 25 respondents have studied with 112 female child. The status of children range value is found that 49 between 13 and 62. So the 13 respondents are not having any children. No child is one of the drawbacks of in the study area. It is found from the results that 38 of the respondents living in concrete house. The 32 of the respondents are living in Tiled house. The 15 of the respondents were living asbestos house. From the analysis, it is concluded that the similar of 15 of the respondents living in asbestos sheets/any other houses. They must be given the highest priority in all new urban development and urban renewal schemes. This must include a substantial increase in investments in infrastructure, in household connections and in slum targeting Building decision making processes that include representatives from poor communities and wider stakeholders to brokerpro-poor investments and scale up urban water supply and sanitation programs in slums. Urban development and water and sanitation specialists must identify and adopt the political, institutional and policy changes that bring about pro-poor field practices and accelerated slum improvements. Keywords: Urbanization and Slum Development, Socio-Economic conditions and Major Problems faced.
Innovations in Quality Assessment, Evaluation & Measurement Techniques
Authors: Chandranand Dr. P. S.
Published: January 2022

Abstract: When the winds of change blow, some people build walls, others build windmills. Innovation has taken over as the hub of quality improvement and each spoke of life is being driven by continuous improvement of these innovations. In an inexorably serious ecosystem, components such as innovation and quality can continue to prompt an upper hand. A comparative study of various world class consulting organizations, observed that innovation was among the main three vital needs for 95% of organizations, besides evaluation and metrics (1,2,3). This is to a limited extent because of innovations having the option to give extraordinary deliverables and iterations which make more prominent incentives for end users, just as monetary advantages for the organization (4). Further exploration proposes “Quality” is at the forefront of innovations. Quality management applications have likewise been related with functional and monetary execution permitting firms to accomplish objectives on priority at the grass root level first and scale up. (5,6) . Keywords: Innovation, Quality, Metrics, Evaluation, Standards.
DEVELOPMENT AND IN-VITRO CHARACTERIZATION OF LIPOSOMAL GEL OF BIFONAZOLE FOR TOPICAL USE
Authors: Rane Bhushan R.
Published: January 2022

The main objective of this study is to prepare and evaluate liposomes as a carrier for bifonazole. Liposomes are colloidal particles designed as concentric biomolecular layers that are capable of encapsulating drugs. Liposomes of soya lecithin and cholesterol were prepared in ten batches (L1- L10) with different ratio using thin film hydration technique. Prepared liposomes were evaluated for entrapment efficiency and particle size analysis. Liposomal gel formulations of prepared liposomes were formulated in six batches (L9F1- L9F6) and evaluated for drug content, in-vitro drug release study, particle size, zeta potential, polydispersity index (PDI) and stability study were performed. The entrapment efficiency, particle size, zeta potential and PDI of all liposome vesicle preparations were analyzed and it was found that the batch L9 liposome vesicles produced the entrapment efficiency 76.52 ± 0.175, particle size 119.1 nm, zeta potential -0.4, and PDI was found to be 0.406. Liposomal gel formulation was prepared. The drug content, in-vitro drug release study and stability study of all six batches of liposomal gel formulation were analyzed, and it was found that the L9F3 formulation shows better drug content, in-vitro drug release and stability at 5°C ± 2°C among all the formulations. Evaluation of prepared liposomal gel formulations was performed. After comparing all formulations of evaluation results on the basis of drug content and, in-vitro drug release and stability study, batch L9F3 formulation was considered as the best formulation.
A PHYSIOTHERAPY APPROACH IN LUMBAR SPONDYLOSIS AND PIVD IN A 44 YEARS OLD MALE PATIENT
Authors: Bais Namita
Published: January 2022

Lumbar spondylosis is a low back pain represents nearly 60-65 percent of adults in some cases. The point of their lives, fortunately for the vast majority of citizens. Symptoms are mild and short lived, with 90% of people experiencing relief within 6 weeks. Chronic low back pain, which is characterized as pain that lasts more than three months, affects 15 to 45 percent of the population. The effect on quality of life and economic implications are important in the case of a minority with intractable symptoms. The patient was, 44 years old male presented with the complaint of low back pain since 4 months which was 6 on vas scale. The patient had intermittent attacks of pain with period of total relief. Past history of the patient revealed that while he was playing cricket he experienced a jerk while throwing a ball. Science then he was not even able to get up from the bed .He took rest for few days because the pain was very severe and the patient was not even able to get up from the bed He also visited a physiotherapist he was relieved by physiotherapy and medicines but the pain use to reoccur .MRI was done which revealed L4 and L5 bulging disc prolapsed. Family history not present. The patient was diagnosed with the lumbar spondylosis and PIVD. This case study shows that regular exercises, back strengthening exercises, therapeutic ultrasound and following proper ergonomics would reduce the symptoms associated with low back pain and PIVD.
LEAP MOTION CONTROLLER: THE MOST EFFICIENT TOOL FOR ENHANCING HAND FUNCTIONS
Authors: Siroya Vaishnavi
Published: January 2022

Virtual reality devices, such as the leap motion controller, have been created by the gaming industry for both home and clinical uses. As part of virtual task practice, the leap motion gadget collects and records fine motor abilities of the hand and fingers while controlling a simulated environment that needs coordination. For improved hand function development, it has a more realistic environment design and object tracking. It can also process moving depth using two embedded cameras, providing users with a real-time on-screen hand simulator that is nearly as accurate as genuine hand gestures. The aim of the study is to evaluate the importance of leap motion controller in treatment of various physiotherapeutic disorders. Although the majority of interactive virtual trials have focused on stroke patients, brain development in those with severe and symptomatic brain damage is still normal. Most virtual reality systems are only available to the proximal upper extremities due to the limits of their control mechanisms.
SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF A NEW METFORMIN - RESVERATROL ALDEHYDE LIGAND AND EVALUATION OF ITS GLUCOSE UPTAKE EFFICACY USING RAT L6 SKELETAL MUSCLE CELL LINES
Authors: Subramanian Iyyam Pillai
Published: January 2022

Diabetes is a chronic disorder that arises due to the deficiency (T1DM) and/or efficiency (T2DM) of insulin, a hormone secreted by the β cells of the pancreas. T2DM reports for about 90% of the total diabetic population. Among the various oral antidiabetic drugs having a different mechanism of action prescribed for the treatment of T2DM, metformin forms the backbone for individual and/or combination therapy. However, chronic administration of metformin at higher doses may induce lactic acidosis and vitamin B12 deficiency. To evade the toxicity of metformin at chronic doses, we have synthesized a new Metformin - Resveratrol Aldehyde (Met-RA) ligand. The molecular structure of the synthesized ligand was characterized by various spectral studies. To evaluate the antidiabetic properties of the synthesized ligand, the glucose uptake efficacy of the Met-RA ligand was determined using a differentiated rat skeletal muscle cell line. The efficacy of the ligand was compared with insulin, metformin, and resveratrol. The results obtained evidenced the significant glucose uptake properties of the metformin- resveratrol aldehyde ligand relatively at a lesser concentration than insulin
PREDICTIVE ANALYTICS OF BMI (BODY MASS INDEX) USING CAPTURED IMAGE ANALYSIS BY CONVOLUTIONAL NEURAL NETWORK
Authors: Kakulapati V.
Published: January 2022

Body Mass Index (BMI) is a measurement of one's weight concerning his/her height. It is more an indicator of measurement of one's total body fat. BMI is very important as it is widely measuring in estimating health conditions. It is supposed that we have chances of having longer and healthier life with a healthy BMI. Identifying and classifying the BMI range with image analysis can help people predict credibility, control their BMI, and maintain a healthier life. Image analysis makes this very simple to classify the BMI range by analyzing the image using a deep learning algorithm named Convolutional Neural Networks. In this work, the user has to upload the image of a person for image processing. The training algorithm categorises it as undernourishment, healthy bmi, or high bmi. The input picture has to be a colourful image in the format .jpg, .jpeg, .png. This work can identify the BMI range successfully, and we got an accuracy of 82% for the model. The input picture is categorised, and the result will fall into those three previously specified classes. This work proposes a reliable depiction that is also user-friendly, allowing anybody to effortlessly check their BMI. Therefore, based on a diagnosis of BMI through image classification, one can easily follow corresponding diet procedures and maintain a healthy BMI, making it easy and supportive for the nutritionists to analyze and diagnose a patient's health status.
GROUND WATER FLUORIDE INDUCED NEUROLOGICAL CHANGES IN BRAIN: A PROMISING REVIEW
Authors: Sathasivam Rajkumar
Published: January 2022

Fluoride is now found in many sections of the world's groundwater. Across the globe, more than 25 countries have found evidence linking fluoride, a single ion, to health concerns. Although a highest limit of fluoride in groundwater has been set by the World Health Organization, it has been found to be exceeded in a number of nations. According to WHO estimates from 1984, more than 260 million people drank water with more than 1 mg/L of fluoride. Tamilnadu is one of the Indian states where fluoride contamination has been discovered. Several organs of the body, including the brain, have been found to be damaged by long-term fluoride exposure. Fluoride produces free radicals, increases lipid peroxidation, depletes antioxidants, inhibits essential enzymes in biochemical activities, lowers energy production, and restricts protein synthesis. The primary goal of this paper is to explain how fluoride might cause neurotoxicity in the brain.
IN-VITRO ANTIFUNGAL STUDY OF VARIOUS SOLVENT EXTRACTS OF COSTUS SPECIOUS (J. KOENIG) SM. AND COSTUS PICTUS D. DON AGAINST CANDIDA SPECIES
Authors: Shaikh Sana S
Published: January 2022

The present investigation includes evaluation of various solvent extracts of Costus specious (J. Koenig) Sm. and Costus pictus D. Don. for in-vitro antifungal activity against selected Candida strains. The selected plants belong to the family Costaceae. Solvents such as hexane, methanol, water, and ethyl acetate of Costus pictus and standard extract of Costus specious were evaluated against Candida albicans, Candida glabrata, Candida parapsilosis, Candida tropicalis, and Candida krusei. The susceptibility of the fungal strains against the extracts was assessed by the agar well diffusion method. Clotrimazole was used as a positive control. The zone of inhibition was determined for each extract in comparison with the positive control. Results were recorded after 72 h. Of the various extracts analyzed, the hexane extract exhibited a potential antifungal activity overall. The methanolic, ethyl acetate extract of Costus pictus and standard extract of Costus specious shows some degree of activity against C. glabrata and C. parapsilosis. The aqueous extract shows no antifungal activity against the selected fungal strains. The above study indicates that C. krusei was more resistant to the solvent extracts; however, C. albicans and C. glabrata were more susceptible. Hence, Costus specious (J. Koenig) Sm. and Costus pictus D. Don demonstrate promising antifungal potential.
A REVIEW ON PHARMACEUTICAL VALIDATION AND ITS IMPLICATIONS
Authors: Choudharya Alka N
Published: January 2022

Quality is an essential aim of all manufacturing industries and their goods. The present interest in the pharmaceutical sector is in the several viewpoints on attaining such quality and has indeed been maintained by validation. Validation is among the key processes in attaining and preserving the ultimate product quality. Validation of processes stresses components of process design and maintenance of process control throughout marketing. The validation research must demonstrate and record the precision, sensitivity, characteristics and repeatability of the test techniques used by companies. Validation is therefore a crucial component of quality assurance. This study is intended to offer an understanding of the process validation of pharmaceutical products having a particular focus to the US Food and Drug Administration standards (FDA).
THE SYSTEMIC STUDY OF VARIOUS VACCINES IN TERM OF CURRENT STATUS OF CLINICAL TRIAL, SAFETY AND EFFECTIVENESS OF COVID VACCINE
Authors: Warude B J
Published: January 2022

Industries leading the experiment and clinical trial of various vaccines to approve effectiveness and safety on humans. Several of them were documentation for a patent, authorization of clinical trial and marketing. In the review study, we provide an overview of Covid-19, types of vaccine and mechanism of action. Consider the reference of the mechanism of actions such as an inactivated vaccine, vector vaccines, DNA and RNA based vaccine and antiviral drugs already entered in (Phase II and III) clinical trials. The systemic study quantified a summary of various vaccines in the form of the present status of clinical trial, safety and effectiveness according to ICH E6 (R2) guidelines. Due to leading adverse interaction with their toxicity study, the inventor may face challenges during the post-marketing clinical trial. The genuine information allows upcoming scientists to improve the quality, and minimize the adverse effects and avoid resistance power for developing newer drugs.
FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF TRANSDERMAL PATCHES OF DROTAVERINE HYDROCHLORIDE USING MERCURY SUBSTRATE METHOD
Authors: Bhambar Kunal V
Published: January 2022

Aim of the present investigation is to prepare sustained release transdermal patches of Drotaverine hydrochloride. Transdermal drug delivery has ability to bypass liver first pass metabolism and deliver the drug towards systemic circulation. Drotaverine hydrochloride is used to treat the spasticity as muscle relaxant. Mercury substrate method is utilized for formulation of Transdermal patches of Drotaverine Hydrochloride. Ethyl cellulose and Eudragit RL 100 were used to retard the drug release. Dibutyl phthalate used as plasticizer and Dichloromethane as a solvent system. Transdermal patches were evaluated for physical appearance, weight variation, drug content, folding endurance, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Differential scanning colourimetry (DSC) and invitro drug release study. The DSC curve of transdermal patch (TDDS D3) shows a sharp endothermic peak at 208.17°C indicating crystalline structure. The dissolution curve shows that formulation TDDS D3 shows maximum drug release 83.57% at the end of 12 Hrs. For transdermal patches according to ‘r’ value, Korsmeyer- Peppas model was best suited for drug release but n value obtained from Kors Meyer- Peppa’s equation was within 0.5 -1.0 which indicates anomalous releases
MOLECULAR MODELLING AND EVALUATION ON SYNTHESISED 2-PHENYL-2,3-DIHYDRO-4 H-CHROMAN-4-ONE CORE AGAINST OXIDATIVE STRESS
Authors: Kiruthiga N.
Published: January 2022

The aim of the study was to synthesis and characterization of 2,3-dihydro-4h-chroman-4-one core screened for antioxidant activity. The oxidative stress was related to the generation of Reactive oxygen species (ROS), which is responsible for the enhancement of several degenerative diseases, such as osteoarthritis, cancer, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, etc. Due to this fact, the study was targeted for the development of myeloperoxidase inhibitor for overcoming the oxidative stress. The molecular docking analysis were afforded that the titled compounds possess noteworthy potency against myeloperoxidase (PDB ID: 1DNU). The docking simulation of seven hybrid of flavanone showed the better binding score ranging between -6.66 to -8.56 kcal/mol. Based on the result, the synthesised compounds were screened for the evaluation of various in-vitro antioxidant studies by hydroxy radical and nitric oxide radical scavenging assay. In which, the hydroxyl substituted flavanones (HFA3-HFA7) were afforded significant IC50 values compared with their respective standards due to their electron donating property which foraging the radicals responsible for oxidative stress were noted. Among the synthesised compounds, HFA5 and HFA6 produced excellent free radical scavenging on hydroxyl radical and nitric oxide radical methods were observed. From which the study initiated that synthesised flavanone core with hydroxyl and electron donating groups over the moiety should helpful in the management of major chronic diseases were initiated.
FORMULATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF SOYA LECITHIN-BASED LIPOSOMES FOR ENCAPSULATING A WEAKLY SOLUBLE NARINGENIN
Authors: Sumathi R
Published: January 2022

Naringenin is prominent citrus flavonoids that are found mostly in grapes and oranges. It has long been thought to be a helpful therapeutic agent, but its usage has been limited due to its poor water solubility and bioavailability. The goal of this study was to improve naringenin bioavailability and therapeutic efficacy utilization by innovative liposome formulations created using the thin lipid film technique using soya lecithin and cholesterol as surface modifiers. The liposome that was successfully formulated (F3) was spherical in shape, and had a regulated release profile in-vitro. The tiny particle size (100 nm), high encapsulation efficiency (>88%), and drug loading capacity (>94%) revealed that naringenin and the liposome core had a strong affinity. Release kinetics models such as zero order, first order, Higuchi, and Peppas are constantly used to predict drug release profiles in order to develop a better in vitro–in vivo association. The majority of these models rely on diffusion equations based on liposome composition and release conditions. The drug release from the formulation follows zero order kinetics, according to the correlation coefficient values (R2) derived from several models. When tested with the Korsmeyer-peppas model, all of the formulations were linear. The erosion and swelling of the polymer dominated the drug release. The release exponent in the Korsmeyer-peppas model suggests that the process win drug release is a case II super transport. Based on these observations, it was anticipated that liposomal formulations could be useful nanocarriers for bypassing the oral delivery constraint of hydrophobic substances
Loyalty program and its influence on customer loyalty on mobile service with customer satisfaction as a mediating variable
Authors: Raf Mulyadi , Syarif Agus
Published: January 2022

This study aims to analyze 1) the influence of loyalty program benefits on customer satisfaction,  2)  the influence of loyalty program on customer loyalty,  3.  the influence customer satisfaction on customer loyalty, and 4) the role of customer satisfaction in mediating the relationships of the customer loyalty program and customer loyalty to mobile service providers in Jambi City. To test the benefits of the constructs, a model was developed as a conceptual framework of the research. A total of 202 samples were collected from the mobile user population in Jambi city. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with Smart PLS was applied to assess the research model and to test the hypothesis. The result confirmed that the influence of loyalty program benefits directly and significantly affects customer loyalty at coefficient path 0,237 (t statistics = 2,669 < table 1, 96). Customer perceptions significantly affects customer satisfaction at coefficient path 0.625 (t statistical = 2,669 > T table 1, 96). Customer satisfaction also has a significant effect on customer loyalty at path coefficients 0.256 (t stats = 2,893 > T table = 1, 96), and it partly mediates the relationship between Loyalty Programs and customer loyalty
EFFECT OF WORK ENVIRONMENT, LEADERSHIP, COMPENSATION AND WORK TRAINING ON EMPLOYEE ENGAGEMENTS IN STAR HOTELS IN BATAM
Authors: Sentoso Antony
Published: January 2022

The purpose of this study is to analyze the factors that affect employee retention. Factors that affect employee retention are SHRM Practices which include Recruitment & Selection, Training & Career Development, Performance Appraisal and Compensation & Benefits. There are also other factors, namely Demographic & Professional Characteristics. This research uses purposive sampling method and the data is processed using PLS. The number of respondents in this study was 259 out of 270 questionnaires distributed. Respondents of this study were employees of 4 star hotels in Batam which had satisfactory scores on the travel site, Traveloka, above 8.6. Based on the results of the research conducted and the data that have been processed, the SHRM practices variable has a significant effect on the employee retention variable. Where in terms of recruitment, training, compensation and benefits have a positive influence on employee retention.
THE EFFECT OF ORGANIZATIONAL CITIZENSHIP BEHAVIOR AND COUNTERPRODUCTIVE BEHAVIOR ON EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE WITH EMPLOYEE ENGAGEMENT AS AN INTERVENING VARIABLE IN BPR
Authors: Setyawan Agustinus , Triyanti Agnes
Published: January 2022

Banking is the one that provides services to customers, in order to create a good image of a businessman. This research aims to analyse the impact of organizational citizenship behavior, counterproductive work behavior, with employee engagement as variable intervening through the impact of employee performance in Bank Perkreditan Rakyat in Batam. The difference in behaviour of each employee is a determinant of their performance in the company. Increased the competition in the banking sector, which continues to compete to create better services.

The behaviour of employee has positive and negative that can affected by colleagues around them. Positive behaviour will affect good performance for the organization and negative behaviour will become an obstacle to an organization. Based on the relationship of existing problems, this research needs to determine the effect of employee behaviour can be involved in their own performance.

Based on authors survey that people who works on Bank Perkreditan Rakyat shows employee behavior that needs to be considered in employee performance appraisal. By looking at several factors and the impact to these employees on the company. In general, the services provided to the financial services sector are important aspects of the banking sector to improve the quality of the organization.
INFLUENCE OF PRODUCT INNOVATION AND SERVICE QUALITY ON PURCHASE DECISION IN JAMBI ARINY BATIK IN KELURAHAN PASIR PANJANG JAMBI KOTA SEBERANG
Authors: Marsyaf Agesha
Published: January 2022

Batik is a national cultural asset that has been inherited from generation to generation to every generation until now. Batik represents one of the creative handicraft industries in Indonesia which is rooted in culture and is able to provide employment and entrepreneurship in Indonesia, one of which is the Jambi area. Like other products, in order to be able to compete in the Jambi batik product market, it is necessary to understand the market's needs. Therefore, the authors took the title "The Effect of Product Innovation and Service Quality on Purchasing Decisions in Batik Jambi Ariny in the Kelurahan Pasir Panjang Jambi, Kota Seberang".The method used is a survey method. The data used are primary data obtained from direct interviews using a questionnaire. Data obtained through multiple linear regression analysis using the SPSS application.The results showed that product innovation and service quality had a positive and significant impact on purchasing decisions. On Batik Jambi Ariniy. Meanwhile, innovation and service quality simultaneously contributed 42.3% to the purchasing decision at Batik Jambi Ariny.
FINANCIAL TECHNOLOGY AND IT’S IMPACT ON MSMEs IN CHOOSING BANK CREDIT SERVICES IN JAMBI
Authors: Efris Saputri Eka Julianti , Chairunnisa Fitri
Published: January 2022

Fintech supports the implementation of electronic applications, one of which is access to financial inclusion, this is evident from the increasing financial inclusion in Indonesia, one of which is in Jambi City. Until 2018, the development of bank credit debit trays in Indonesia continued to increase. With the presence of fintech companies in Indonesia, several SMEs who were met admitted to applying for credit in addition to using bank credit services, namely applications launched by Fintech companies. This type of research is descriptive qualitative. The data collection method in this research is by distributing questionnaires and conducting interviews with correspondents. By using logistic regression, the purpose of this study is to determine the factors that influence SMEs in choosing bank credit services in Jambi City with the presence of financial technology. The results are only a few factors that influence SMEs in choosing bank credit services in Jambi.
ROLE OF ZIS FUND DISTRIBUTION (ZAKAT, INFAQ, ALMS) IN EMPHASIZING POVERTY LEVELS THAT AFFECT THE ECONOMY DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC IN JAMBI PROVINCE
Authors: Lubis Paulina , Dean Amri Ary
Published: January 2022

This article aims to determine the distribution of ZIS Funds (Zakat, Infaq, Alms) in suppressing poverty levels that impact the economy during the Covid-19 pandemic outbreak in Jambi province. The method used is descriptive-quantitative and data collection through literature study and documentation in interviews with 70 respondents. Data were analyzed using the Likert scale method and multiple linear regression analysis. The result is that part of the perception/understanding of religion has a positive and significant effect on income levels, partially service variables have no and insignificant effect on income levels, partially, service variables have a positive and significant effect on income levels. So, it can be concluded that the perception/understanding of religion, service, and decisions have a simultaneous (combined) and significant effect on income levels.
Effect of antenatal corticosteroids in late preterm delivery on neonatal morbidity: A Randomised Controlled Trial
Authors: Yahya Anisah , Sulayman Hajaratu , Abdulkadir Isa , Bola Lawal
Published: January 2022

Objective: The use of antenatal corticosteroids beyond 34 weeks of
gestation remains a debate. This study sought to determine the effect of
use of antenatal corticosteroids in late preterm delivery on neonatal
morbidity. Design: It was a randomized double-blind placebo and active
controlled multi arm trial. There were two study groups and one control
group. Setting: It was conducted at the department of Obstetrics and
Gynaecology and the Department of Paediatrics of Ahmadu Bello University
Teaching Hospital Zaria. Population: Pregnant women at 34 weeks 0 days
to 36 weeks 6 days of gestation scheduled for elective/emergency
delivery were recruited for the study. Methods: The study groups had
dexamethasone and betamethasone respectively while the control group had
a placebo. Main outcome: The primary outcome was incidence of
respiratory distress syndrome. Results: A total of 138 mothers and 146
preterm neonates were included in the study with 48 exposed to placebo,
49 exposed to betamethasone and 49 exposed to dexamethasone. A pairwise
analysis was done to test for difference between the groups. There was
no statistically significant difference in the incidence of respiratory
distress syndrome between the dexamethasone vs placebo (p= 0.98, RR 1,
CI 0.06-16.89), betamethasone vs placebo (p= 0.98 RR 1, CI 0.09-11.55)
and dexamethasone vs betamethasone (p=0.32, RR 0.5, CI 0.09-2.42)
Conclusion: Antenatal corticosteroids may decrease the need for neonatal
resuscitation at birth in late preterm neonates.
SPECIES DISTRIBUTION MODELLING OF TWO SYMPATRIC HORNBILLS: THE GREAT HORNBILL AND RUFOUS-NECKED HORNBILL IN BHUTAN
Authors: Puri Nir , Verma Amit , Chhetri Ramesh , Chand Harish , Rijal Sandip
Published: January 2022

The Great hornbill (Buceros bicornis) and Rufous-necked Hornbill
(Acerosnepalensis) are listed as vulnerable under the International
Union for Conservation of Nature Red List of threatened species due to
the rapid decline of their population in the world. This research
focuses on analysing the habitat suitability of these two important
birdspecies across Bhutan. A total of 51 presence locations were
recorded from the field survey. The models were simulated using three
topographic variables and 19 bioclimatic variables. MaxEnt modelling
technique was used for delineating the distribution potential habitat
suitability map. The habitat suitability analysis for Great hornbill and
Rufous-necked hornbill shows that 2% and 3% of Bhutan’s total
geographical area were highly suitable, respectively. The approach of
this study will be beneficial in identifying suitable areas and
aiddecision-makers in management and conservation of these vulnerable
bird species.