bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Gratitude to God: Jonathan Edwards and the Opening of the Self
Authors: Strobel Kyle
Published: September 2021

Abstract: The study of gratitude has become an increasingly important topic among psychologists to address the nature of human flourishing. Of more recent interest is how gratitude to God specifically functions within an account of human flourishing, with theologians seeking to provide a distinctively Christian account of the nature of gratitude. This article enters into the ongoing conversation by attending to Jonathan Edwards’s (1703-1758) theological anthropology and development of natural and supernatural gratitude. In particular, Edwards’s anthropology includes within it an account of how the self can, and should, enlarge to receive another in love. This “enlargement” is the creaturely mirror of God’s self-giving and is the supernatural response to the creature who has received God’s grace and been infused with divine love. As a supernatural response based on God’s action in the soul, this account of gratitude differs from its natural counterpart. On Edwards’s account, therefore, there is a need to develop studies that differentiate natural and supernatural gratitude. Furthermore, this article ends with a suggestion for a study that could pick up this task based on recent psychological studies that attend to how gratitude affects self-relation. On Edwards’s account of the enlargement of the self, as well as his notion of supernatural gratitude, there is meaningful research to be done on how these can help assess development in the formation of gratitude and human flourishing.
Dynamic Fair Resource Division
Authors: Vardi Shai , Psomas Alexandros , Friedman Eric
Published: September 2021

A single homogeneous resource needs to be fairly shared between users that dynamically arrive and depart over time. Although good allocations exist for any fixed number of users, implementing these allocations dynamically is impractical: it typically entails adjustments in the allocation of every user in the system whenever a new user arrives. We introduce a dynamic fair resource division problem in which there is a limit on the number of users that can be disrupted when a new user arrives and study the trade-off between fairness and the number of allowed disruptions, using a fairness metric: the fairness ratio. We almost completely characterize this trade-off and give an algorithm for obtaining the optimal fairness for any number of allowed disruptions.
Osteoblast function in patients with idiopathic osteonecrosis of the femoral head
Authors: Maestro-Paramio Leila , García-Rey Eduardo , Bensiamar Fátima , Saldaña Laura
Published: September 2021

Aims

To investigate whether idiopathic osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) is related to impaired osteoblast activities.

Methods

We cultured osteoblasts isolated from trabecular bone explants taken from the femoral head and the intertrochanteric region of patients with idiopathic ONFH, or from the intertrochanteric region of patients with osteoarthritis (OA), and compared their viability, mineralization capacity, and secretion of paracrine factors.

Results

Osteoblasts from the intertrochanteric region of patients with ONFH showed lower alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and mineralization capacity than osteoblasts from the same skeletal site in age-matched patients with OA, as well as lower messenger RNA (mRNA) levels of genes encoding osteocalcin and bone sialoprotein and higher osteopontin expression. In addition, osteoblasts from patients with ONFH secreted lower osteoprotegerin (OPG) levels than those from patients with OA, resulting in a higher receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) ligand (RANKL)-to-OPG ratio. In patients with ONFH, osteoblasts from the femoral head showed reduced viability and mineralized nodule formation compared with osteoblasts from the intertrochanteric region. Notably, the secretion of the pro-resorptive factors interleukin-6 and prostaglandin E2 as well as the RANKL-to-OPG ratio were markedly higher in osteoblast cultures from the femoral head than in those from the intertrochanteric region.

Conclusion

Idiopathic ONFH is associated with a reduced mineralization capacity of osteoblasts and increased secretion of pro-resorptive factors. Cite this article: Bone Joint Res 2021;10(9):619–628.
Exact equations to design aplanatic sequential optical systems
Authors: González-Acuña Rafael G.
Published: September 2021

We present the exact differential equations to design an aplanatic sequential optical system, a system that is free of spherical aberration and linear coma. We get the exact set of equations from the Fermat principle and the Abbe sine condition. We solve the mentioned set of equations by implementing the Runge–Kutta algorithm. We test the solutions using commercial ray-tracing software and confirm the expected behavior of the optical system.
Modeling fluorescence reemission in the one-dimensional radiative
transfer problem using the P3 approximation
Authors: Sandilands Luke J.
Published: September 2021

A model of radiative transport in fluorescent, scattering media that
accounts for fluorescence reabsorption and reemission effects is
discussed. The model is studied in a simplified one-dimensional
geometry using the P3 approximation. An example calculation of a model
system, sintered polytetrafluoroethylene doped with rhodamine 6G, is
used to illustrate the features of the model.
Tunable extreme energy transfer of terahertz waves with graphene in a nested cavity
Authors: Hu Futai , Chen Sai , Wang Rui , Meng Yuan , Liu Qiang , Gong Mali
Published: September 2021

Energy transfer is an essential light-matter interaction. The transfer efficiency is critical for various applications such as light-emitting, optical modulation, and the photoelectric effect. Two primary forms of light-matter energy transfer, including absorption and emission, can be enhanced in optical cavities. Both forms can reach an extremum inside the cavity according to the coupled-mode theory. Graphene conductivity at the terahertz frequency can be tuned from positive to negative, providing a suitable material to study switchable extremums of these two forms. We integrate graphene with a nested cavity where an infrared cavity is inserted in a terahertz cavity, thereby achieving terahertz perfect absorption at the static state and optimal gain under photoexcitation. Leveraging an inserted infrared cavity, we can elevate the working efficiency by strongly absorbing the infrared pump. We also numerically show the feasibility of electrically tunable extreme energy transfer. Our concept of the nested cavity can be extended to different materials and even to guided modes. A switchable synergy of loss and gain potentially enables high-contrast dynamic modulation and photonic devices with multiplexing functions.
Polarization impedance measurement cavity enhanced laser absorption spectroscopy
Authors: Guan Ya J. , Bandutunga Chathura P. , Dong Jiahao , Lam Timothy T.-Y. , Fleddermann Roland , Gray Malcolm B. , Chow Jong H.
Published: September 2021

We present a theoretical overview and experimental demonstration of a continuous-wave, cavity-enhanced optical absorption spectrometry method to detect molecular gas. This technique utilizes the two non-degenerate polarization modes of a birefringent cavity to obtain a zero background readout of the intra-cavity absorption. We use a double-pass equilateral triangle optical cavity design with additional feed-forward frequency noise correction to measure the R14e absorption line in the 30012←00001 band of CO2 at 1572.655 nm. We demonstrate a shot noise equivalent absorption of 3 × 10−13 cm−1 Hz−1/2.
Transcriptomic profiling in canines and humans reveals cancer specific gene modules and biological mechanisms common to both species
Authors: Tawa Gregory J. , Braisted John , Gerhold David , Grewal Gurmit , Mazcko Christina , Breen Matthew , Sittampalam Gurusingham , LeBlanc Amy K.
Published: September 2021

Understanding relationships between spontaneous cancer in companion (pet) canines and humans can facilitate biomarker and drug development in both species. Towards this end we developed an experimental-bioinformatic protocol that analyzes canine transcriptomics data in the context of existing human data to evaluate comparative relevance of canine to human cancer. We used this protocol to characterize five canine cancers: melanoma, osteosarcoma, pulmonary carcinoma, B- and T-cell lymphoma, in 60 dogs. We applied an unsupervised, iterative clustering method that yielded five co-expression modules and found that each cancer exhibited a unique module expression profile. We constructed cancer models based on the co-expression modules and used the models to successfully classify the canine data. These canine-derived models also successfully classified human tumors representing the same cancers, indicating shared cancer biology between canines and humans. Annotation of the module genes identified cancer specific pathways relevant to cells-of-origin and tumor biology. For example, annotations associated with melanin production (PMEL,GPNMB, andBACE2), synthesis of bone material (COL5A2,COL6A3, andCOL12A1), synthesis of pulmonary surfactant (CTSH,LPCAT1, andNAPSA), ribosomal proteins (RPL8,RPS7, andRPLP0), and epigenetic regulation (EDEM1,PTK2B, andJAK1) were unique to melanoma, osteosarcoma, pulmonary carcinoma, B- and T-cell lymphoma, respectively. In total, 152 biomarker candidates were selected from highly expressing modules for each cancer type. Many of these biomarker candidates are under-explored as drug discovery targets and warrant further study. The demonstrated transferability of classification models from canines to humans enforces the idea that tumor biology, biomarker targets, and associated therapeutics, discovered in canines, may translate to human medicine.
Not just trash birds: Quantifying avian diversity at landfills using community science data
Authors: Arnold Zachary J. , Wenger Seth J. , Hall Richard J.
Published: September 2021

Landfills provide seasonally reliable food resources to many bird species, including those perceived to be pest or invasive species. However, landfills often contain multiple habitat types that could attract diverse species, including those of conservation concern. To date, little is known about the characteristics and composition of bird communities at landfills relative to local and regional pools. Here we used the community science database eBird to extract avian species occurrence data at landfills across the US. We compared species richness and community similarity across space in comparison to similarly-sampled reference sites, and further quantified taxonomic and dietary traits of bird communities at landfills. While landfills harbored marginally lower species richness than reference sites (respective medians of 144 vs 160), landfill community composition, and its turnover across space, were similar to reference sites. Consistent with active waste disposal areas attracting birds, species feeding at higher trophic levels, especially gulls, were more frequently observed at landfills than reference sites. However, habitat specialists including two declining grassland species, Eastern Meadowlark (Sturnella magna) and Savannah Sparrow (Passerculus sandwichensis), as well as migratory waterfowl, were more frequently encountered at landfills than reference sites. Together, these results suggest that landfills harbor comparable avian diversity to neighboring sites, and that habitats contained within landfill sites can support species of conservation concern. As covered landfills are rarely developed or forested, management of wetlands and grasslands at these sites represents an opportunity for conservation.
Effects of a BMI1008 mixture on postoperative pain in a rat model of incisional pain
Authors: Choi Geun Joo , Ahn Eun Jin , Lee Oh Haeng , Kang Hyun
Published: September 2021

Background

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the analgesic effect of BMI1008 (a new drug containing lidocaine, methylene blue, dexamethasone and vitamin B complex) and to investigate the analgesic effect of lidocaine and BMI-L (other components of BMI1008 except lidocaine) at different concentrations in a rat model of incisional pain.

Methods

Male Sprague-Dawley rats (250–300 g) were used for the incisional pain model simulating postoperative pain. After the operation, normal saline, various concentrations of BMI1008, lidocaine with a fixed concentration of BMI-L, and BMI-L with a fixed concentration of lidocaine were injected at the incision site. The preventive analgesic effect was evaluated using BMI1008 administered 30 min before and immediately after the operation. In addition, BMI1008 was compared with positive controls using intraperitoneal ketorolac 30 mg/kg and fentanyl 0.5 μg/kg. The mechanical withdrawal threshold was measured with a von Frey filament.

Results

The analgesic effect according to the concentration of BMI1008, lidocaine with a fixed concentration of BMI-L, and BMI-L with a fixed concentration of lidocaine showed a concentration-dependent response and statistically significant difference among the groups (P <0.001, P <0.001, and P <0.001, respectively). The analgesic effect according to the time point of administration (before and after the operation) showed no evidence of a statistically significant difference between the groups (P = 0.170). Compared with the positive control groups, the results showed a statistically significant difference between the groups (P = 0.024).

Conclusion

BMI1008 showed its analgesic effect in a rat model of incisional pain in a concentration-dependent manner. Moreover, BMI-L showed an additive effect on the analgesic effect of lidocaine.
Identification and validation of circulating miRNAs as potential new biomarkers for severe liver disease in patients with leptospirosis
Authors: Chuaypen Natthaya , Limothai Umaporn , Kunadirek Pattapon , Kaewsapsak Pornchai , Kueanjinda Patipark , Srisawat Nattachai , Tangkijvanich Pisit
Published: September 2021

Background

Leptospirosis, a global zoonotic infectious disease, has various clinical manifestations ranging from mild self-limiting illness to life-threatening with multi-organ damage, including liver involvement. This study was aimed at identifying circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) as novel biomarkers for predicting severe liver involvement in patients with leptospirosis.

Methods

In a discovery set, 12 serum samples of patients with anicteric and icteric leptospirosis at initial clinical presentation were used for miRNA profiling by a NanoString nCounter miRNA assay. In a validated cohort, top candidate miRNAs were selected and further tested by qRT-PCR in serum samples of 81 and 16 individuals with anicteric and icteric leptospirosis, respectively.

Results

The discovery set identified 38 significantly differential expression miRNAs between the two groups. Among these, miR-601 and miR-630 were selected as the top two candidates significantly up-regulated expressed in the icteric group. The enriched KEGG pathway showed that these miRNAs were mainly involved in immune responses and inflammation. In the validated cohort, miR-601 and miR-630 levels were significantly higher in the icteric group compared with the anicteric group. Additionally, these two miRNAs displayed good predictors of subsequent acute liver failure with a high sensitivity of 100%. On regression analysis, elevated miR-601 and miR-630 expression were also predictive of multi-organ failures and poor overall survival.

Conclusion

Our data indicated that miRNA expression profiles were significantly differentiated between the icteric and anicteric groups. Serum miR-601 and miR-630 at presentation could potentially serve as promising biomarkers for predicting subsequent acute liver failure and overall survival in patients with leptospirosis.
POTENSI DAMPAK PLATFORM PEER-TO-PEER ECONOMY AIRBNB TERHADAP USAHA PENYEDIAAN AKOMODASI DI PROVINSI DKI JAKARTA
Authors: Maulana Addin , Rosyidi M. Iqbal , Koesfardani Chamma Fitri Putri Pradjwalita , Hidayah Septia Awal , Amory I Dewa Gede Richard Alan
Published: September 2021

Seiring dengan perkembangan jaman dan kemajuan teknologi telah memunculkan berbagai Platform Sharing Economy. Platform yang terkenal saat ini GOJEK dan GRAB (transportasi online) serta AIRBNB (Penyediaan Akomodasi) menawarkan kemudahan dan efisiensi untuk menarik minat konsumen. Namun keberadaan sharing platform ini tidak serta merta diterima oleh pemilik usaha konvensional yang sudah ada sebelumnya. Hal ini terjadi karena, jenis usaha yang dijalankan oleh sharing platform umumnya merupakan usaha konvensional yang mengalami penambahan nilai dengan menggunakan teknologi informasi. Untuk mengidentifikasi potensi dampak kemunculan fenomena sharing platform terhadap kondisi industri pariwisata khususnya usaha penyedia jasa akomodasi di Provinsi DKI Jakarta digunakan pendekatan deskriptif dengan mengeksplorasi fenomena sosial melalui studi kepustakaan, Focus Group Discussion serta peramalan (forecast). Berdasarkan data Airbnb sampai Juli 2018 terdapat 5.494 listing host dengan 254 host atau 7% nya merupakan super listing host yang memiliki tidak hanya 1 unit akomodasi. Pendapatan Airbnb tercatat mencapai Rp. 14,4 miliar. Jumlah ini meningkat 6,25% per bulan. Data pengguna Airbnb juga menunjukkan komposisi tamu asing dan domestik perbedaannya semakin tipis. Hasil peramalan menggunakan data tingkat penghunian kamar (TPK), diperkirakan jenis listing Entire Home akan memiliki TPK yang sama dengan hotel bintang pada Juni 2023 dan hotel non bintang pada bulan November 2023. Potensi penerimaan pajak dari Airbnb dapat mencapai Rp. 1,5 milyar per bulan. Masih minimnya peraturan mengenai digital platform sehingga perlu adanya perundangan-undangan khusus membahas digital platform, kebijakan zonasi pemilik Airbnb, pengawasan sosial serta lingkungan dan monitoring penggunaan platform Airbnb.
Film review - State Funeral (2019)
Authors: Wakeley Kieran McCluskey
Published: September 2021

Review of Sergei Loznitsa's film State Funeral (2019)
Identificación de zonas potenciales de recarga y descarga de agua subterránea en la cuenca del río Ayuquila-Armería mediante el uso de SIG y el análisis multicriterio
Authors: Hernández-Juárez Rodrigo Alejandro , Martinez Rivera Luis Manuel , Peñuela-Arévalo Liliana Andrea , Rivera-Reyes Samuel
Published: September 2021

Esta investigación busca identificar las zonas de recarga y descarga del agua subterránea en la cuenca del río Ayuquila-Armería en los estados de Jalisco y Colima. La identificación de estas zonas se logró mediante un análisis multicriterio con la teoría de los sistemas de flujo (TSF). Esta teoría permite obtener una visión sistémica del ambiente, integrando diversos elementos de la naturaleza, además de reconocer el agua subterránea como agente geológico causante de una gran variedad de procesos y manifestaciones en la superficie a través de condiciones naturales contrastantes entre la zona de recarga y descarga de agua subterránea. La integración de los Sistemas de Información Geográfica (SIG) y el Análisis Multicriterio (AMC) permitió identificar los sitios con mayor potencial de recarga y descarga analizando geología, suelo, topoformas, pendiente, vegetación e índice topográfico de humedad (ITH). La superficie con alto potencial de recarga varía de 21% a 80%, mientras que la superficie de descarga, de 4% a 30%. Las principales zonas potenciales de recarga son la sierra de Cacoma-Manantlán, la sierra Verde, la sierra de Quila, la sierra de Tapalpa y el complejo volcánico del Nevado de Colima. Por su parte, las zonas de descarga se encuentran principalmente en las planicies costeras de Jalisco y Colima, así como en una zona de lagos interiores en San Marcos, Sayula y Zapotlán. Otras zonas de descarga las constituyen las planicies y los valles intermontanos de Unión de Tula y Autlán-El Grullo, así como los fondos de valles en V en determinadas zonas de la cuenca.
Spectral Reflectance Estimation of UAS Multispectral Imagery Using Satellite Cross-Calibration Method
Authors: Gowravaram Saket , Chao Haiyang , Molthan Andrew , Zhao Tiebiao , Tian Pengzhi , Flanagan Harold , Schultz Lori , Bell Jordan
Published: September 2021

This paper introduces a satellite-based cross-calibration (SCC) method for spectral reflectance estimation of unmanned aircraft system (UAS) multispectral imagery. The SCC method provides a low-cost and feasible solution to convert high-resolution UAS images in digital numbers (DN)
to reflectance when satellite data is available. The proposed method is evaluated using a multispectral data set, including orthorectified KHawk UAS DN imagery and Landsat 8 Operational Land Imager Level-2 surface reflectance (SR) data over a forest/grassland area. The estimated UAS reflectance
images are compared with the National Ecological Observatory Network's imaging spectrometer (NIS) SR data for validation. The UAS reflectance showed high similarities with the NIS data for the near-infrared and red bands with Pearson's r values being 97 and 95.74, and root-mean-square errors
being 0.0239 and 0.0096 over a 32-subplot hayfield.
A experiência de curadoria no acervo Sandra Jatahy Pesavento do IHGRGS: identificando traços da professora no arquivo pessoal da intelectual
Authors: Santos Nádia Maria Weber , Veiga Alexandre
Published: September 2021

A experiência de curadoria no acervo Sandra Jatahy Pesavento do IHGRGS acontece desde meados de 2015, sendo inovadora neste campo dos arquivos pessoais e, particularmente, nos acervos do referido Instituto. Os constituintes do acervo possuem relevância para a pesquisa do tempo presente, em especial para os campos da História, História da Educação e Arquivologia. Resumidamente, o conteúdo do arquivo abrange Coleção Bibliográfica, Fundo Documental (material de pesquisa e estudo, álbuns e diários de viagens, slides) e Documentos tridimensionais/acervo museológico (objetos de viagens e colares). Os documentos do Fundo Documental são referentes à trajetória pessoal e profissional de sua produtora, bem como diversos itens que registram sua atividade intelectual, permitindo uma ampla compreensão do trabalho desenvolvido por Pesavento ao longo das quatro décadas de atuação como professora de História e como pesquisadora/historiadora.
Chronic actinic dermatitis: a retrospective analysis of 65 patients undergoing treatment in clinics of the Samara State Medical University
Authors: Konnov P. , Orlov E. , Zhestkov A.
Published: September 2021

Chronic actinic dermatitis (HAD) - immunologically mediated photodermatosis characterized by pruritic eczematous lesions on areas of skin exposed to sunlight. Examined 65 patients with the purpose of the study and analysis of clinical, allergological and photobiological characteristics of HAD, the manifestations of which occur during the spring-summer-autumn period, mimic allergic contact dermatitis, eczema, diffuse variant of atopic dermatitis. In accordance with the results of fototest all patients marked change of photosensitivity: both UVA and UVB – from 77.1 per cent, only to UVA - 10,7%, only to UVB is 9.2%. Almost all patients were marked sensitization to vegetable allergens.
3D Reconstruction of a Roman Bridge in Canosa di Puglia (Italy)
Authors: Germano' Germano
Published: September 2021

The Roman bridge near Canosa di Puglia (Southern Italy) currently has a very different morphology from the one planned by its builders in the second century AD as part of the program for the construction of the Via Traiana. Although the piers, the abutments and the foundation platea are still preserved from the Roman age, the changes made over the centuries have altered its aspect, forgetting the traces of its monumental past. Starting from the surviving elements and the few available sources, an investigation has been carried out to reconstruct its original structure, thanks to a multidisciplinary and metrological approach and the combined use of aerophotogrammetry and 3D modeling. The usage of these technologies proved to be an essential tool, since they made it possible to carry out a survey otherwise hampered by the bulk of the artifact and the presence of the Ofanto River flowing below. The outcome of this research has led to a reconstruction hypothesis that returns a majestic monument that deserves an adequate place in the panorama of Roman architecture.
Virtual Reconstructions in Bernardino Amico’s Treatise on the Plans and Images of the Sacred Buildings of the Holy Land
Authors: Moore Kathryn Blair
Published: September 2021

This essay explores the role of the Franciscan Custody of the Holy Land in cultivating perceptions of the Catholic pilgrimage buildings as worthy of preservation, especially by employing techniques of representation in printed books that engaged with the potential restoration of the real buildings in the Holy Land. The essay discusses the particular example of the printed book created by Bernardino Amico that was published in two editions of 1610 and 1620, with interactive perspectival renderings of the exteriors and interiors of the Christian pilgrimage churches in Palestine and Egypt, along with maps of ancient and modern Jerusalem. Centuries before the emergence of cyber archaeology, Franciscans like Bernardino Amico explored the potential for virtual reconstruction in the realm of printing to demonstrate the value of buildings as symbols of a shared history and faith, while also challenging those who actively sought to dismantle the same buildings in both real and virtual space.  Bernardino Amico’s treatise exemplifies the potential of such virtual reconstructions of historical buildings to blur the boundaries between the empirically observed present, the imagined past, and a desired future.
Evolution of ambulatory measurement for the detection of heart diseases
Authors: Aparicio-Pico Lilia Edith , Ramírez-Valencia Astrid , Mateus-Silva Juan Carlos
Published: September 2021

Since the appearance of the Holter monitor, it was conceived as a continuation of the electrocardiogram which serves to detect cardiac diseases, many signs of progress have been made of these devices, which go hand in hand with technology, mainly in elements microcontrollers and micro sensors, such as the transmission of data in real time. With this has been minimized the shortcomings to provide greater comfort and better results of the analysis. This article contains an analysis of these ambulatory measuring devices from the beginning to the current research, analyzing the use of this element for the detection of cardiac diseases, pros and cons of this kind of devices by emphasizing great change that has been generated in recent years with the technological progress.
Analysis of the spatio-temporal gait parameters of transtibial amputees
Authors: Ruiz-Piragauta Yuliana , Torres-Bello Brigette Paola , Camargo-Casallas Esperanza
Published: September 2021

In this study we analyzed the spatio-temporal parameters (step length, step time, stride length, stride time, speed and rate) of three unilateral transtibial amputees in order to find the best gait pattern and this verify the adaptation of the prosthesis, using inertial sensors of the TECHNAID ® brand in order to make the diagnosis in an objective way; the data were processed using the MARCHA ET software of the DIGITI research group of the Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas. In this study, were analyzed three subjects from the Hospital Militar Central (HMC) the cause of amputation is due to trauma caused by antipersonnel mines. It was found that subjects with unilateral transtibial amputation lean on more time and carry more weight on their healthy lower limb, which leads to an increase in mechanical demand on the knee joint of the amputated leg.
Introduction to special issue: Learning assessments for sustainability? Exploring the interaction between two global movements
Authors: Pizmony-Levy Oren , Gan Dafna
Published: September 2021

The aim of this special issue, “Learning Assessments for Sustainability?”, is to examine the interaction between the environmental and sustainability education (ESE) movement and the international large-scale assessments (ILSAs) movement. Both global educational movements emerged in the 1960s and their simultaneous work have affected each other since then. While the articles in this special issue highlight the potential benefits of ILSAs as a source of data for secondary analysis, they also demonstrate the limitations of ILSAs and their negative consequences to ESE. As such, we call for more research on the interaction between ESE and ILSAs and for a serious consideration of how test-based accountability practices might work against meaningful engagement with ESE. This introductory article includes three sections. The first section provides context about the movements. The second section presents an overview of the articles and alternative ways for reading them. The third section discusses lessons learned from the collection of articles. We conclude with a call for further research and reflection.
Introduction
Authors: Červenková Denisa
Published: September 2021

Introduction
Charles E. Curran, Sixty Years of Moral Theology: Readings in Moral Theology no. 20
Authors: Havelka Ondřej
Published: September 2021

Book review on Charles E. Curran, Sixty Years of Moral Theology: Readings in Moral Theology no. 20, New York: Paulist Press, 2020, 255 s., ISBN 978-0-8091-0665-3.
Barbora Šmejdová, Rozumové argumenty a pohádkové světy. Jazyk apologetiky podle C. S. Lewise
Authors: Mikulášek Josef
Published: September 2021

Book review on Barbora Šmejdová, Rozumové argumenty a pohádkové světy. Jazyk apologetiky podle C. S. Lewise, Praha: Karolinum, 2020, 99 s., ISBN: 978-80-246-4712-8.
Faith Embodied in Attitudes: Ethics of Dialogue and Brotherhood of All People in the ‘Document on Human Fraternity for World Peace and Living Together’ in Abu Dhabi and the Encyclical Fratelli Tutti
Authors: Červenková Denisa , Vizina Petr
Published: September 2021

This text is concerned with the ethical approach of inter-faith relations and the dialogue of culture in two documents of Pope Francis: ‘On Human Fraternity for World Peace and Living Together’ and the encyclical Fratelli Tutti. This ethical approach refers to God the Creator of all and the call to brotherhood of all human beings and refers to faith as a response to Revelation. Faith also forms ethical approaches for interreligious dialogue. Pope Francis’ approach in the documents is that the theological truth and values of religious traditions are embodied in attitudes of social friendship. Francis challenges us to build a specific environment that he calls a ‘new culture of dialogue’, having frequently called for the growth of a culture of encounter that is capable of transcending political and social barriers and encourages creating a specific culture of social and ‘political love’.
Francis’ Idea of the Church: Outline of an Ecclesiology
Authors: Zammit Mark Joseph
Published: September 2021

In the past eight years, since the election of Francis as the first Latin American pontiff in history, the Church has experienced new manners of being and acting. Even though she has also been in a constant state of aggiornamento, Francis’ vision has contributed greatly to this concept of being a perfect image of the ideal Church of Christ (cf. Ecclesiam Suam 10) and a better servant of humanity. The objective of this study is to present an outline of Francis’ main ecclesiological concepts, in the awareness that this endeavour can never be completely exhaustive. For this reason, the article is divided into two main sections. In this first one, the bedrocks of his ecclesiological thoughts are studied. These include his Jesuit vocation, the CELAM conferences and vision, and the Argentine theology of the people. In the second section, his main ecclesiological themes are analysed: the people of God, a poor Church for the poor, ecumenism, reform, and an ecological Church.
Finding Faith between the Sciences: The Cases of ‘The Outer Worlds’ and ‘Mass Effect: Andromeda’
Authors: Bosman Frank G.
Published: September 2021

Science fiction, as a genre, has always been a place for religion, either as an inspirational source or as a part of the fictional universe. Religious themes in science fiction narratives, however, also invoke the question of the relationship, or the absence thereof, between religion and science. When the themes of religion and science are addressed in contemporary science fiction, they are regularly set in opposition, functioning in a larger discussion on the (in)comparability of religion and science in science fiction novels, games, and films. In the games The Outer Worlds and Mass Effect Andromeda, this discussion is raised positively. Involving terminology and notions related to deism, pantheism, and esoterism, both games claim that science and religion can co-exist with one another. Since digital games imbue the intra-textual readers (gamer) to take on the role as one of the characters of the game they are reading (avatar), the discussion shifts from a descriptive discourse to a normative one in which the player cannot but contribute to.
Příčinnostní (kauzalitní) věty
Authors: Štěpán Josef
Published: September 2021

Článek se zabývá klasifikací příslovečných příčinnostních vedlejších vět podle podřadicích příčinnostních spojek: příčinné (protože, poněvadž, jelikož, ježto), účelové (aby), podmínkové (jestliže, kdyby, -li, pakli, jestli, pakliže), přípustkové (ač, ačkoli, přestože, třebaže, jakkoli, i když, i kdyby, byť), účinkové (že, aby, až, takže). Autor dále klasifikuje příčinnostní věty se spojkami že, aby, které získávají příčinnostní význam v kooperaci s výrazy v řídící větě (proto; tak; díky tomu; z toho důvodu; kvůli tomu; za účelem toho; v případě; za předpokladu; i přes to; vzdor tomu atd.). Některé časové spojky nabývají příčinnostní význam až v souvětném kontextu (když, pokud, jakmile). Příčinnostní věty jsou frekventované ve vědeckých textech.
Reflections on the Other Side. A Southern Iberia Origin for the First Pottery Production of Northern Morocco?
Authors: Martínez Sánchez Rafael M. , Rodríguez Juan Carlos Vera , Caro Jesús Gámiz , Pardo-Gordó Salvador , Pérez-Jordà Guillem , Peña-Chocarro Leonor
Published: September 2021

This work is a starting point for rethinking the role of the Iberian Peninsula in the neolithisation of northern Morocco. It focuses on the similarities and divergences between the first pottery productions and their decorations in both territories. This relationship is supported by the existence of an accurate chronological gradation between the first evidence of Neolithisation in Iberian Peninsula and that of northern Morocco which suggests a north–south direction. We also present arguments on the possible links between the early ceramics from the north of Morocco and those from the south of Iberia, providing a first approach to an issue that will need to be carefully analysed in future research.
VARIABLES ALEATORIAS EN LA GESTIÓN EMPRESARIAL, SIMULACIÓN
Authors: Hermenejildo Chávez María
Published: September 2021

En este artículo se presentan técnicas cuantitativas para simular un generador de una variable aleatoria no-uniforme, cuyos valores se reparten siguiendo una distribución de probabilidad conocida o no conocida, y sólo cuando esto no sea posible por uno de los métodos presentados, se trabajará la simulación empíricamente. También se presentan aplicaciones en la empresa de distintas distribuciones de probabilidad y los perfiles para valores específicos de sus parámetros, a fin de que el lector pueda identificar, antes de aplicar algún método, qué curva podría representar a la variable aleatoria. Como ejemplo se muestra mediante un gráfico y con resultados estadísticos que los datos generados siguen realmente la distribución que representa a la muestra original. De esta forma, el lector puede usar esta información en un sistema dinámico de simulación de procesos con eventos discretos, que representa a un sistema real.
Las Fintech y la inclusión financiera en la era digital: El impacto en la reducción de la pobreza y la informalidad en el Perú
Authors: Vargas García Allan
Published: September 2021

La inclusión financiera significa tener acceso a servicios que solucionen un problema o satisfagan una necesidad financiera de la población con la finalidad de reducir la informalidad y la pobreza. Estos servicios financieros son operaciones de transferencias de capitales, compra-venta de divisas, pagos de servicios, préstamos, ahorros, seguros, etc. De acuerdo con Scottish Executive (2005) Inclusión financiera es “El acceso para individuos a productos y servicios financieros apropiados. Esto incluye a las personas que tienen las habilidades, el conocimiento y la comprensión para hacer el mejor uso de esos productos y servicios. La exclusión financiera es a menudo un síntoma de pobreza, así como una causa”. Los accesos a los servicios financieros contribuyen a crear oportunidades de negocio para la población generando ingresos sostenibles en el largo plazo con el objetivo de un mejor nivel de vida. La tecnología financiera es una herramienta importante para lograr estos fines, ya que permite fácil acceso a realizar transacciones a bajo costo y según las necesidades de los usuarios. En línea con lo mencionado, las startup fintech han cobrado gran importancia en los últimos años, ya que ellas han tomado como giro de negocio alguna de las principales actividades que realiza una institución financiera ofreciendo servicios en forma rápida, altamente especializada y a bajo costo. En el Perú (2017), existen altos niveles de pobreza 22% e informalidad del PBI 18% y según estudios realizados por organismos multilaterales para disminuir estos indicadores podemos valernos de la tecnología; Sin embargo, en el campo del desarrollo tecnológico ocupamos los últimos lugares en el mundo, según el ranking de Institute for Management Development 2018.
GESTIÓN DE SEGURIDAD DE LOS SISTEMAS DE INFORMACIÓN ISO 17799
Authors: Castillo Maza Juan
Published: September 2021

La humanidad vive actualmente en una socie­ dad dominada por el conocimiento y la informa­ ción, necesita sistematizar un modelo de gestión que'garantice la seguridad de la información, para dar acceso a todo aquello que sea necesario para el proceso de toma de decisiones en las empre­ sas y todo tipo de corporaciones. Producto del proceso de globalización, internacionalización y mundialización, gerentes de seguridad de empre­ sas líderes, han trabajado y producido en conjun­ to, la normatividad relacionada con la seguridad de las informaciones que estuviese sujeta a auditoría y a la vez reconocida globalmente. La información, es un conjunto de datos que dentro de un contexto dado tiene un significado para alguien 1• Por lo que se debe considerar dife­ rente que dato, por cuanto éste, se refiere a la materia prima para la producción de información. Un sistema de información, es un conjunto de elementos que interactúan entre sí con el fin de apoyar las actividades de una empresa o nego­ cío". Componentes interrelacionados que captu­ ran, almacenan, procesan y distribuyen la infor­ mación para apoyar la toma de decisiones, el con­ trol, análisis y visión en una institución. La seguridad, se refiere a las políticas, proce­ dimientos y medidas técnicas usadas para evitar un acceso no autorizado, alteración, robo o da­ ños fisicos a los sistemas de información3• La se­ guridad puede promoverse mediante un conjun­ to de técnicas y herramientas para salvaguardar el hardware, software, las redes de telecomuni­ caciones y de datos. Se asume que las normas de seguridad, apo­ yarán los esfuerzos de los gerentes de tecnolo­ gía de la información, en el sentido que facilitará lá toma de decisiones de compra, incrementará la cooperación entre los múltiples departamen­ tos por ser la seguridad, el interés que ayudará a consolidar éste como prioridad empresarial. En este contexto, desde la publicación, por parte de la Organización Internacional de Nor­ mas Técnicas (ISO, lnternational Organization for Standarization) en el año 2000, la norma ISO 17799 surge como la regla técnica de seguridad de la información, reconocida a nivel mundial. ISO 17799 se define como "Un conjunto de normas, que incluye las prácticas exitosas de seguridad de la información".
LA ORGANIZACIÓN EN RED: ¿TÉCNICA EXTRANJERA O DESARROLLO PERUANA?
Authors: De Cossío de Vivanco José
Published: September 2021

El autor pregunta si las organizaciones en red (red social de contados) es una cuestión académica que se inició y popularizó en los Estados Unidos o en los países desarrollados de occidente o, de hecho es un subproducto cultural peruano, primordialmente debido a la influencia cultural del Perú provincial y rural más profundo, proyectado a las ciudades más contemporáneas por negocios de propiedad de provincianos, primordialmente comuneros. Se describen las organizaciones en red como organizaciones formales distintivas. Se proporcionan argumentos que explican las razones por las cuales ha surgido la forma organizacional peruana de la organización en red, Se exploran paradojas organizacionales. Finalmente se presentan siete propuestas,
ONLINE TEACHING AND GRADING DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC – ATTITUDES OF CROATIAN STUDENTS
Authors: Ružić-Baf Maja , Kadum Sandra , Kvaranta Katarina
Published: September 2021

Aim. Extraordinary circumstances of the COVID-19 pandemic have led to new ways of learning and teaching, with students and teachers facing many challenges. The aim of the research was to examine attitudes and to determine the impressions and experiences of respondents regarding online teaching as well as to investigate and evaluate learning goals with regard to the SARS-COV-2 virus pandemic.
Methods. The research was conducted in the Republic of Croatia on a sample of 1533 university students. A survey questionnaire designed specifically for the purposes of this research was used.Consisted of three independent variables and ten dependent variables related to online teaching.
Results. The data obtained show that in online teaching, the respondents mostly used programs such as Zoom, Microsoft Teams and Merlin, while the least of them used Skype. Regarding testing and assessment, i.e. the grading of success in online teaching, respondents stated that teachers had mostly used colloquia (20.6%) and written exams (19.8%) for grading, while live exams had been used the least. The largest number of research participants, 61.9% of them, expressed the opinion that the criteria and grading procedures were clear and published before individual teaching units
Conclusion. Faculties should design different syllabuses for conducting online classes. Centres should be provided/established with the task of collecting digital teaching materials, processing, and storing them, and making them available to teachers and students.
Tools to Overcome Internal Socio-Economic Inequality
Authors: Kovalenko Elena G. , Polushkina Tatyana M. , Yakimova Olga Yu. , Akimova Yulia A.
Published: September 2021

Introduction. Dynamic economic growth and improvement of the quality of life of the population throughout the country are the priorities of the state policies in modern Russia. Differences in natural and climatic conditions, sectoral specialization of the economy, and infrastructural constraints have caused the differentiation of interregional and intraregional socio-economic development of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation and municipalities. The current measures of state regulation and support for the regions do not provide for overcoming inequality. Based on the results of the research conducted, the article formulates proposals on substantiation of tools that take into account the features of territories and the ways of their self-development.

Materials and Methods. The research on inequality of municipalities was conducted on the basis of data from the territorial body of the Federal State Statistics Service for the Republic of Mordovia, the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Entrepreneurship of the Republic of Mordovia, as well as from reports and strategic documents of municipalities. The empirical material was processed using the methods of comparison and grouping. The level of inequality of municipal territories was identified, which made it possible to substantiate the main directions and tools for their development.

Results. An assessment of the socio-economic state of the municipal districts of the Republic of Mordovia has been carried out and the level of their differentiation has been revealed with the calculation of variation indicators; the administrative and territorial units have been grouped according to the demographic situation, the differences between them and the possibilities of self-development of each of the selected groups have been analyzed.

Discussion and Conclusion. The tools to overcome inequality have been identified, taking into account the features of the municipalities, which require adjustments to municipal strategies for socio-economic development until 2025 and formulation of a concept for the spatial development of the Republic of Mordovia. Recommendations for activating some of the existing tools and developing new ones have been put forward. The results obtained can be used by local governments when updating the priorities for the development of territories and the applied tools of the economic mechanism of strategic management.
Mortality Rates in Russian Regions in the Context of the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Druzhinin Pavel V. , Molchanova Ekaterina V.
Published: September 2021

Introduction. The COVID-19 (coronavirus) pandemic has had a strong impact on the socio-economic situation in the country, especially on demographic processes. The article analyzes the change in the mortality rates in Russian regions and assesses the influence of various factors on them during the pandemic.

Materials and Methods. The paper examined data from the Federal State Statistics Service on mortality rates in Russian regions. Based on the graphs analyzed and regression equations built, the factors that determined the increase in mortality rates during the pandemic and the degree of their influence were identified.

Results. Changes in the rates of morbidity and mortality in Russian regions depended on the development of the healthcare system, demographic, socio-economic, and geographical factors, as well as on the actions of regional and federal authorities. The geographical location of the regions turned out to be the determining factor. The highest mortality rates were found in the regions located in the center of the European part of Russia at the intersection of transport routes. In some months, high mortality rates were observed in the regions bordering China, Kazakhstan, and Finland. The proportion of pensioners and the degree of decline in personal income were also significant.

Discussion and Conclusion. Calculations have shown that at the beginning of both waves of the pandemic, the increase in mortality rates depended on the provision of the population of the regions with doctors and hospital beds. In the spring, the restrictions imposed restrained the spread of the disease, but led to an economic recession and an increase in unemployment. In the autumn, less severe restrictions were introduced, which led to a significant increase in mortality rates and a slight decline in the economy. The research results can be used to optimize the managerial decisions in the field of medical and demographic policy.