bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DIAGNOSTIK MISKONSEPSI SISWA PADA MATERI SEL DI SMA NEGERI 1 WAKORUMBA SELATAN KELAS XI IPA
Authors: Saputra Nazlan Ramli , Safilu Safilu , Munir Asmawati
Published: August 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran miskonsepsi siswa di SMA Negeri 1 Wakorumba Selatan kelas XI IPA, baik secara keseluruhan pada materi sel maupun pada setiap indikator dalam materi sel. Subjek penelitian adalah seluruh siswa kelas XI IPA SMAN 1 Wakorumba Selatan yang teridiri dari dua kelas yang berjumlah 39 orang dengan jumlah laki-laki 13 orang dan jumlah perempuan 26 orang. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif yaitu mendeskripsikan miskonsepsi siswa untuk mengetahui miskonsepsi siswa pada materi Sel. Instrumen penelitian ini adalah instrumen diagnostik four tier test multiple choice (tes pilihan ganda empat tingkat). Teknik analisis data dilakukan deskriptif persentase. Hasil penelitian ini adalah miskonsepsi siswa paling tinggi terjadi pada indikiator prinsi yaitu 59% kemudian indikator generalisasi yaitu 56%, indikator klasifikasi 54% dan paling renda adalah pada indikator kategori yakni 38%. Simpulan yang diperoleh bahwa miskonsepsi siswa secara keseluruhan pada materi sel kelas XI IPA di SMA Negeri 1 Wakorumba Selatan lebih tinggi daripada siswa paham konsep dan tidak paham konsep. Miskonsepsi siswa terjadi pada  pada masing-masing indikator, baik dalam hal mengkategori, mengklasifikasi, prinsip dan generalisasi materi sel.
PENGARUH RENTANG WAKTU CEKAMAN PANAS TERHADAP JUMLAH TROMBOSIT AYAM BROILER (Gallus domesticus)
Authors: Andriani Noni , Sirih M. , Darlian Lili
Published: August 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh rentang waktu cekaman panas terhadap jumlah trombosit ayam broiler. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh ayam broiler berkelamin jantan. Sampel penelitian diambil dari 15 ekor ayam broiler dari populasi, dipilih secara purposive sampling dengan kriteria kondisi sehat, berkelamin jantan, bobot tubuh ±800 gram dan berumur 21 hari. Variabel bebas dalam penelitian ini adalah rentang waktu cekaman panas. Variabel terikat adalah jumlah trombosit ayam broiler. Jenis penelitian ini adalah eksperiment (true-eksperiment) menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL). Analisis data dilakukan melalui uji normalitas, uji homogenitas, uji ANOVA dan uji lanjut Duncan (α=0,05) menggunakan SPPS 26. Hasil analisis menujukkan bahwa nilai Fhitung > Ftabel atau p<0,05 artinya bahwa rentang waktu cekaman panas berpengaruh nyata terhadap jumlah trombosit ayam broiler (Gallus demesticus). Kesimpulan bahwa semakin lama waktu cekaman panas yang diberikan maka semakin rendah jumlah trombosit ayam broiler.
POLIMORFISME WARNA DAN PERSEBARAN MIKROHABITAT KETAM KENARI (Birgus latro L.) DI PULAU LABENGKI KABUPATEN KONAWE UTARA SULAWESI TENGGARA
Authors: Asera Putu Setiawan , Sirih Muh. , Munir Asmawati
Published: August 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan Untuk mengetahui polimorfisme warna dan persebaran mikrohabitat Ketam Kenari (Bigrus latro L.) di Pulau Labengki Kabupaten Konawe Utara Sulawesi Tenggara. Jenis penelitian ini adalah deskriptif dengan menggunakan teknik observasi. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis deskriptif dengan mendeskripsikan polimorfisme warna dan persebaran mikrohabitat Ketam Kenari (Birgus latro L.) dengan melihat pola warna pada bagian kerapaks, abdomen, capit sesuai dengan mikrohabitat yang ditemukan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa jumlah Ketam Kenari (Birgus latro L.) yang ditemukan sebanyak 12 ekor, memiliki polimorfisme warna pada bagian karapaks berwarna cokelat, capit warna biru, dorsal warna cokelat, dan ventral warna cokelat. Persebaran mikrohabitat yang memiliki karakteristik habitat bebatuan cadas dengan vegetasi yaitu semak belukar, ubi kayu/singkong, mengkudu, dan pepohonan (bakau, kelapa, beringin, dan pisang).
PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN POE (PREDICT, OBSERVE, DAN EXPLAIN) TERHADAP PENGETAHUAN KONSEPTUAL SISWA PADA MATERI SISTEM PENCERNAAN MANUSIA KELAS XI IPA SMA NEGERI 8 KENDARI
Authors: Asnalita Wa Ode , Suama I Wayan , Agriansyah Ahdiat
Published: August 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah pengaruh penerapan model pembelajaran POE lebih baik dari model discovery learning terhadap pengetahuan konseptual siswa pada materi sistem pencernaan manusia Kelas XI IPA SMA Negeri 8 Kendari. Jenis penelitian ini adalah quasi experiment. Populasi penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa kelas XI IPA SMA Negeri 8 Kendari yang terdaftar pada tahun ajaran 2019/2020 yang terdiri dari 3 kelas paralel dengan jumlah siswa sebanyak 79 orang dengan rincian 42 siswa laki-laki dan 37 siswi perempuan. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan teknik purposive sampling yaitu kelas XI IPA1 dan XI IPA2. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan adalah tes pengetahuan konseptual siswa berupa tes objektif berbentuk pilihan ganda yang telah diuji validitas dan reliabilitasnya. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah (1) analisis deskriptif untuk memberikan gambaran tentang pengetahuan konseptual. (2) analisis inferensial untuk menguji hipotesis penelitian. Analisis deskriptif pengetahuan konseptual siswa pada kelas eksperimen lebih tinggi dari kelas kontrol dengan nilai rata-rata yakni 73,52 dan kelas kontrol 69,44. Hasil uji hipotesis menunjukkan bahwa nilai thitung 2,054 melebihi ttabel  2,011 pada tingkat signifikan 95% yang berarti bahwa penerapan model pembelajaran POE lebih baik dari model discovery learning terhadap pengetahuan konseptual siswa pada materi sistem pencernaan manusia Kelas XI IPA SMA Negeri 8 Kendari.
PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN BENTUK FLASH FLIPBOOK PADA MATERI PLANTAE DI SEKOLAH MENENGAH ATAS (SMA)
Authors: Astuti Sri Wahyuningsi Dwi , Darlian Lili , Saprin Saprin
Published: August 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan produk berupa flash flipbook yang layak digunakan dalam pembelajaran materi Plantae di Sekolah Menengah Atas (SMA). Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian pengembangan (research and development). Subjek penelitian ini adalah validator media, validator materi, guru mata pelajaran Biologi serta peserta didik SMA Negeri 8 Konawe Selatan. Instrumen penelitian ini adalah lembar isian dengan skala Semantik Diferensial. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis deskriptif. Hasil validasi media pembelajaran tahap 1 oleh ahli media memperoleh rata-rata 0,92 (kriteria sangat valid), validasi materi rata-rata 0,92 (kriteria sangat valid) dan uji coba produk (kelayakan) oleh guru Biologi dan peserta didik SMA Negeri 8 Konawe Selatan memperoleh rata-rata presentasi 100%, kriteria sangat baik. Kriteria tersebut menggambarkan bahwa media flash flipbook layak digunakan sebagai media pembelajaran pada materi Plantae di Sekolah Menengah Atas (SMA).
शिक्षा में राजनैतिक हस्तक्षेप के प्रभाव का अध्ययन
Authors: उपमन्यु विभाकर
Published: August 2022

शिक्षा और राजनीति के बीच एक जोड़ने वाला सेतु है। शिक्षा ज्ञान का सबसे निकटतम सहयोगी हो सकता है। शिक्षा की प्राथमिक भूमिका एक छात्र के पढ़ने, समझ और समझ में सुधार के माध्यम से शिक्षित करना ही है। कभी पेड़ों के नीचे जमीन पर बैठकर शिक्षा ग्रहण करते छात्र, कभी तख्ती पर इमला लिखते छात्र और कभी अपने हाथों पर अध्यापकों से डंडे खाते छात्र, शिक्षा की पवित्रता, गुणवत्ता और महत्ता को दर्शाते थे। तब बैठने को सुविधाजनक डेस्क न सही, स्मार्ट क्लासरूम न सही, पर शिक्षा सौ फीसदी खरी थी। तब विद्यालय से निकलने वाला छात्र सोने की तरह तप कर खरा निकलता था। छात्र-शिक्षक का रिश्ता मर्यादा और अपनेपन की आभास लिए एक सुखद एहसास करवाता था। वक्त ने सब बदल दिया। आज की शिक्षा वह शिक्षा नहीं है, जो संस्कृति और सभ्यता को साथ लेकर चलती थी। किसी भी लोकतांत्रिक देश में शिक्षा, राजनीति से अलग नहीं हो सकता है। इस बात में कोई दो राय नहीं कि शिक्षा का राजनीति से गहरा संबंध है। स्वतंत्रता प्राप्ति से पहले देश के शीर्ष नेताओं, गांधी, टैगोर, जाकिर हुसैन जैसी शख्सियत, शिक्षा से संबंधित मुद्दों पर बोलते थे, लिखते थे और संस्थानों के निर्माण में अपनी भूमिका निभाते थे। यह भारत का दुर्भाग्य रहा की स्वतंत्रता प्राप्ति के बाद चोटी के नेताओं ने शिक्षा के मुद्दों से एक दूरी बना ली। शिक्षा को १९ वीं सदी में ही छोड़कर, हम २१ वीं सदी में आ गए। अब शिक्षा राजनीति करने का मंच और माध्यम बन गई है। शिक्षा का मतलब एक डिग्री हासिल कर कोई छोटी-मोटी नौकरी करने तक ही सीमित नहीं है और शिक्षण संस्थान राजनीति के गढ़ बन गए हैं। राजनीति और शिक्षा दो ऐसे क्षेत्र हैं जो सीखने पर केंद्रित समान विषयों पर निर्भर करते हैं। इसका तथ्य यह है कि हर शिक्षक कभी छात्र था, हर नेता कभी प्रशिक्षु नेता था। हालाँकि, एक बात स्थिर रहती है, ज्ञान सर्वोपरि है। इन घटनाओं को यह बताने के लिए आवश्यक उदाहरण होना चाहिए कि राजनीति और शिक्षा में हमेशा एक सहजीवी बंधन रहेगा।
Bioremediation: Treatment of Wastewater Technology for a Sustainable Environment
Authors: Sanjana  , Ajit Kumar Prof. Dr. , Mathur Dr. Manas
Published: August 2022

Beer is a beverage with both economic and cultural significance that is hard to quantify and substitute. Aside from tea, carbonates, milk, and coffee, beer is the world's fifth-most consumed beverage. Beer production is a water-intensive process. The discharge of such wastewater towards water bodies absent previous treatment generates major pollution concerns. Most companies, particularly especially developing counties like India. Rivers, lakes, as well as other water bodies a low-cost sources of wastewater discharges. The elemental analysis of the company's industrial effluent revealed that the readings for Cd, Cr, Pb, and Fe did not fall below the range of the WHO standard. According to the study, the Beer Industry effluent had BOD, COD, pH, and colour levels that were higher than the necessary WHO standard. This has definitely harmful consequences for both the environment and living beings, including people. Because the findings of the investigations revealed that the effluents from the Beer Industry were not properly treated, it has been advised that industrial wastewater be treated using Bioremediation Technology. The technique uses microorganisms' metabolic capability to clean up polluted surroundings and has been offered as an appealing option due to its cheaper cost and greater efficiency when compared to conventional physicochemical approaches
Social Stratification
Authors: Heena
Published: August 2022

No society is classes or without strata. Social stratification is part and parcel of social life. Every society defines a means of categorizing each person into a particular social group. The placement of each individual in turn determines his value, as defined by the larger society: hence, the greater role of society in defining every person’s value. Differences in values and statuses of individual engender stratification in the society. If social stratification affected only such matters as who gets elected as president or who becomes the chief executive officer, separate chapter might not be dedicated to its discussion. But social stratification does much more: it results in some members of society benefiting greatly and others suffering. We shall discuss the characteristics of social stratification, forms of social stratification, and social stratification in India.
Students Attitude towards Inclusive Education
Authors: Mahanta Basanti
Published: August 2022

Inclusive Approach refers to the type of Education that allows students with diverse needs to find their own place and to receive their education in regular schools and classroom. Countries from abroad have decided that by 2030, inclusive and quality education will be guaranteed for all. Objective of the present study was to find out Attitudes of Under Graduate and Post Graduate students towards Inclusive Education. This study is done by using Descriptive Survey Method and the Researcher have analysed data in qualitative approach. Total 165 samples have been taken from Mathematics and Geography department (UG & PG). One Questionnaire was framed by the Researcher which consists of 25 questions with 5 options using Likert 5point scale. After the data analysis, the Researcher found that there is highly positive attitude of UG & PG students towards Inclusive Education.
Child Sexual Abuse and POCSO: A Concern for Child Rights Jurisprudence
Authors: Sharma Dr. Sachin
Published: August 2022

Children are the mirror of the future, the statement holds practically well in India, the county of youngsters. In order to flourish at sky limits there is need to protect our children, a protection from various prevalent abuses of society. This paper is basically dealing with the issue of sexual abuse of children. Here author is trying to articulate the issue at its various epistemic and ontological aspirations. The paper is basically starting from the point of various jurisprudential, legal aspects of the issue, where author is highlighting a very basic and important proposition that mere formulation of the law is not the solution to the problem. The one part of the paper is dealing with the sociological aspect of the issue, where author is acknowledging the fact that in order to formulate a just and practical proposition there is need to work at the multidimensional level. There is requirement that all stakeholders should work in hand in hand. The next part of paper is providing the overview of existing legal mechanism related to child sexual abuses. Here author is mainly dealing with the provisions of POCSO Act, Criminal Law Amendment Act, 2013 and Immoral Trafficking. The last part of the paper is dealing with the conclusion, where author is testing the existing laws and submitting different proposals for removal of existing problems related to the issue. Hence the paper is ending with a sceptical thought provoking a further step towards the thinking on the issue.
A Ten Year Retrospective Analysis of Early Childhood Caries among Children Visiting at Institute of Dental Sciences Bareilly
Authors: Samagh Sheena Kaur
Published: August 2022

Aim: The purpose of this study was to know the prevalence of Early Childhood Caries (ECC) in children reporting to the Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Institute of Dental Sciences, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India. Methods: This is a retrospective study of data from the Department of Pediatric and preventive dentistry, Institute of Dental Sciences, Bareilly from May 1, 2011 to May 1, 2021. Results: The prevalence of ECC was 51.7%. The prevalence of ECC increased with the increasing age with the highest prevalence among 5-6 year (69.2%) followed by 57.9%, 48.9%, 46.2%, 32.1% and 0% among 4-5, 3-4, 2-3, 2-1 and less than one year old, respectively. Conclusion: According to the findings of this study, the prevalence of ECC was high among children who visited the Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Institute of Dental Sciences, Bareilly. As a result, caries prevention and treatment strategies for this group of youngsters are required.
Knowledge of and Attitudes toward COVID-19 among Parents of Child Dental Patients during the Outbreak - A Cross Sectional Study
Authors: Samagh Sheena Kaur
Published: August 2022

Introduction: COVID-19 had affected 1,393,797 people worldwide by April 7, 2020, according to the data from the China CDC and other authoritative institutions The aim of this study was to assess COVID-19 knowledge and attitudes among parents of child dental patients in Bareilly during the outbreak in February 2020. Methodology: Our cross-sectional study was carried out from February-March 2020 to June 2020, and both convenience sampling and snowball sampling (the participating players were asked to forward the questionnaire to their colleagues) were used so that maximal participation could be ensured. Results: The mean age of the parents was 36.84 ± 0.332, and the mean age of the children was 8.48 ± 0.170. Of the children, 672 (60%) were female, and 538 (44%) were male. Majority of mothers between the age group of 25-35 had the fear of the spread of virus from someone in the clinic. This difference is statistically insignificant. Conclusion: More effort should be directed toward informing the public that some measures can be taken to avoid contamination in dental offices and that urgent cases can be treated with lower risk.
Teacher Roles in of Learning Materials Management in the Implementation of Competency Based Curriculum (CBC)
Authors: Rupia Clara
Published: August 2022

Teachers play a critical role in the implementation of curriculum innovation such as CBC. Use of learning materials in instruction is a key pillar of effectively implementing CBC. The goal of using learning materials in the classroom is to assist both the teacher and the learners be consistent in educational content and achieving educational objectives. Furthermore, learning materials aid in motivating students, developing creativity, evoking prior knowledge, encouraging the process of understanding, decoding, organizing, and synthesizing educational content, logical thinking, and reasoning, communicating and interaction, and contributing to the development of skills and the acquisition of values, as well as the retention of desirable values and attitudes. However, it has been observed by many scholars that teachers have often neglected the use of learning materials in teaching hence contributing to poor implementation of curriculum in the basic education sector. To remain relevant in the implementation of CBC, the teachers as class managers should effectively plan, organize, leads, and communicate in class using learning materials. The purpose of this desktop study was to highlight how teachers can effectively manage learning materials in order to effectively implement CBC curriculum. Through analytic review of previous studies, the study found that learning materials are critical to the implementation of CBC curriculum. Ineffective use of learning materials is likely to contribute to none realization of the objectives of CBC. The study recommends that there is need to establish units within individuals or groups of scholars where teachers will actively engage in preparation of learning materials to use in their various subjects. There is also need to make development of learning materials as a critical component of teachers training curriculum.
Preparation and Evaluation of Nail Lacquer containing Luliconazole as Ungual Drug Delivery System
Authors: Jodh Rahul , Tawar Mukund , Kachewar Aparna , Mahanur Vishal , Surekha Yash , Atole Virendra
Published: August 2022

Background: The primary goal of developing the antifungal nail lacquer is to determine its suitability for delivering medicine to the desired location. Because the area between the nail and the skin is commonly impacted, topical treatment is difficult to reach. Statistical techniques were used in this study to understand the source of variables.

Methods: Nail lacquer formulations were prepared using luliconazole using a simple mixing method. The drug's permeability was made better by using the permeation enhancers in different amounts.

Results: The drug-excipient study revealed no physical or chemical interaction, while the standard calibration curve showed that the drug follows Beers-Lamberts' law with a coefficient value of 0.984. The medicated nail lacquer was evaluated for various parameters such as non-volatile content, which was in the range of 37.020.72-43.050.57%, drying time was found to be in the range of 42-97 seconds, water resistance was found to be 0.10-0.24gm, the drug content in the prepared nail paint was found to be in the range of 94.331.52-98.33.51%, and the drug release study revealed the drug release in the range of 0.70.1-51.580.28%, which shows satisfactory results. The antifungal study revealed a zone of inhibition for the prepared nail paint of 47 mm, which was the highest among all the formulations and also the highest among the studies conducted with pure drug and control formulation. The stability study revealed that the optimised formulation, i.e., F2, was stable during the time span of the study, and hence it was concluded that the prepared formulation was stable.

Conclusion: From the results above, it can be concluded that nail lacquer containing luliconazole could be a promising drug delivery system for treating fungal nail infections.
Problems and Prospects in the Field of Ionizing Radiation Measuring Instruments Testing for Type Approval
Authors: Shil'nikova Tat'yana , Alekseev Il'ya , Arshanskiy Sergey , Domarackiy Valeriy , Zhukov Grigoriy , Moiseev Nikolay , Oborin Aleksandr
Published: August 2022

The article deals with the main problems in the field of ionizing radiation measuring instruments testing for type approval. These problems are associated with incorrectly filled application forms, unreasonable metrological characteristics, lack of control methods in the technical documentation of manufacturers. A reason for programs on harmonized standards and updating of national standards in the field of ionizing radiation is presented. Detailed recommendations on the application of the necessary regulatory documents are given.
Radiation-Hygienic Assessment of the State of the Environvent and the Effectiveness of Rehabilitation Measures in the Area of the Tailing Dump
Authors: Krupkin Aleksandr , Arefeva Dar'ya , Firsanov Vladimir , Petushok Aleksandra
Published: August 2022

The article presents the data of the radiation-hygienic survey of the areas where the tailing dump is located before and after the work on reclamation and conservation. The data obtained show that the shielding of uranium production wastes with phosphogypsum led to a significant decrease in the dose rate of gamma radiation. The activity of 226Ra in inert materials used in the process of reclamation of the tailing dump (imported soils and phosphogypsum) is low compared to the activity of production wastes. The measures taken to rehabilitate the territory of the tailing dump resulted in 12-fold reduction of external gamma-radiation dose rate. The results of the study show the effectiveness of using phosphogypsum as a shield that prevents radon from entering the atmospheric air, and its dependence on the way in which certain areas were sheltered. The mothballed tailings dump is subject to systematic monitoring and periodic radiation control.
Стереотаксическая лучевая терапия в лечении первичных и метастатических опухолевых поражений позвоночника
Authors: Арсеньев Андрей , Канаев Сергей , Новиков Сергей , Барчук Антон , Пономарева Ольга , Антипов Филипп , Мережко Юрий , Зозуля Антон , Мельник Юлия , Нефёдов Андрей , Тарков Сергей , Аристидов Николай
Published: August 2022

В обзорной статье проведен анализ данных литературы и изложены современные представления о возможности, безопасности и эффективности проведения стереотаксической лучевой терапии больным с первичными (4-6%) и метастатическими (94-96%) опухолевыми поражениями позвоночника с учётом характера и степени распространения процесса, общесоматического и функционального статуса. Локальный контроль в течении 1 года при первичном (de novo) лечении пациентов составляет более 80%, при послеоперационном стереотаксическом облучении – 85-89%, при salvage-терапии - 66–92%, в качестве альтернативы хирургической декомпрессии 80-84%, при радиорезистентных метастазах 83-85%. Противоболевой эффект достигает 65–79% при salvage-терапии и 92-100% в остальных случаях. Может использоваться как облучение 16–24 Гр за 1 фракцию, так и фракционированные режимы 20–25-30 Гр за 2–3-5 фракций. Среди наиболее значимых осложнений метода - компрессионные переломы тел позвонков (11-39%) и миелопатия (1-5%). Показано, что решающую роль для успешного лечения играет тщательный отбор пациентов и использование современных, высокотехнологичных методик планирования. Особое значение имеет возможность проведения стереотаксической лучевой терапии у больных, которым ранее уже проводилось облучение. Метод значительно расширяет диапазон оказания специализированной помощи онкологическим больным, позволяет увеличить продолжительность жизни пациентов и улучшить её качество. Продолжается изучение преимуществ различных режимов фракционирования, значениях доз за фракцию. Методика требует высокой квалификации и достаточного опыта от медицинского персонала, а также полноценной оснащённости клиники диагностической и радиотерапевтической аппаратурой. Оптимизация методов лечения опухолевых поражений позвоночника является одним из приоритетных направлений современной онкологии, а многие аспекты рационального подхода к разрешению этой актуальной проблемы остаются нерешёнными и требуют дальнейшего изучения.
Vozes de Mariana e Brumadinho: A História de Uma Dívida que Nenhuma Indenização Quita
Authors: Santos Matos Alexandra Gomes dos , Resende Leonardo Palloni Accetti
Published: August 2022

Objetivo: Este estudo visa analisar a responsabilidade civil ambiental do Estado e sua eficácia, frente aos desastres ambientais ocorridos no Brasil, decorrentes da ruptura das barragens de rejeitos da Vale do Rio Doce, em Mariana (2015) e Brumadinho (2019).
Método: Adotou-se o método hipotético-dedutivo, auxiliado pela pesquisa bibliográfica, como meio de apresentar uma crítica reflexiva do problema.
Relevância: A responsabilidade objetiva centra-se na necessidade primordial do Estado em reparar o dano, independentemente da culpa ou dolo de seus agentes. Assim, a responsabilidade objetiva distingue-se da responsabilidade subjetiva, pois não exige que a vítima comprove a culpa ou dolo do agente. Tal característica decorre do grande risco dos serviços públicos que, dada sua magnitude para a vida humana, dá origem à possibilidade de danos ainda maiores.
Contribuições: O Brasil foi palco de duas grandes tragédias ambientais que causaram danos imensuráveis, conforme considera Santos (2018). Ambos os acidentes estão ligados à prática de construção de barragens de minério pelo método mais econômico (a montante), embora não seja o mais recomendado, devido à sua baixa segurança. Tal fato não está alinhado com a legislação ambiental contemporânea, baseada na teoria do risco integral, visando garantir a máxima proteção possível ao ambiente. Nesse sentido, espera-se das empresas, privadas e públicas, um desenvolvimento sustentável. Por isso, a construção e operação destas barragens devem ser supervisionadas e autorizadas pelas autoridades públicas.
A reserva regimental do Incidente de Resolução de Demandas Repetitivas
Authors: Oku Enio Nakamura
Published: August 2022

Objetivo: O presente artigo analisa o Incidente de Resolução de Demandas Repetitivas (IRDR) e sua regulamentação através dos regimentos internos dos Tribunais de Justiça, visando sua implementação procedimental.
Metodologia: Empregou-se o método hipotético-dedutivo, complementado por uma pesquisa de revisão literária, servindo como meio para apresentar uma crítica reflexiva sobre a questão.
Relevância: À luz desses preceitos, torna-se inconcebível que o âmbito da regulamentação interna abranja apenas os temas expressamente citados pelo Código, sendo viável abordar as lacunas deixadas pela lei processual. O postulado da reserva constitucional para os regimentos internos exige a avaliação do conteúdo normativo dentro da competência própria dos tribunais.
Resultados: O Código proporcionou contornos ao procedimento, delineando as ações necessárias para o fluxo do IRDR. Cabe aos tribunais estruturar adequadamente a definição, organização e direção das tarefas judiciais internas. A transparência e a existência de um processo cooperativo enfatizam a utilidade de padronizar ações e etapas a serem adotadas no tribunal, oferecendo conhecimento prévio às partes envolvidas sobre o itinerário.
COMMUNICATION PROJECT TO IMPROVE COMMUNICATION SKILLS AND MUTUAL ASSISTANCE AMONG STUDENTS
Authors: Полунина Ольга Сергеевна , Бузаджи Инесса Александровна
Published: August 2022

Предположительно отрицательное влияние кибер общения сказывается на постепенной частичной или полной потере навыков реального общения его замещением на общение в кибер пространстве.

Presumably the negative influence of the cyber communication release on step by step partly or fully looseness of abilities of real communication with substitution of the communication in the cyber spice.
THE VECTOR OF PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT OF STUDENTS WITHIN THE CLUSTER APPROACH
Authors: Седлецкая Тамара Валерьевна
Published: August 2022

В статье рассматривается инновационный подход к организации подготовки специалистов и, в первую очередь, разработки современной концепции управления этой подготовкой через «приближение» реального производства к учебному процессу, включив его в образовательное пространство.

The article considers an innovative approach to the organization of training of specialists and, first of all, the development of a modern concept of management of this training through the "approximation" of real production to the educational process, including it in the educational space.
ASSESSMENT OF THE SUITABILITY OF APPLE VARIETIES OF THE AUTUMN TERM MATURATION BY THE STRENGTH OF GROWTH AND FERTILITY IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE NORTHERN CASPIAN
Authors: Меншутина Татьяна Владимировна , Костенко Марина Геннадьевна
Published: August 2022

В статье представлены результаты изучения хозяйственно-ценных показателей новых перспективных сортов яблони осеннего срока созревания отечественной и иностранной селекции. Опыт заложен в 2018 г. На базе плодового сада Прикаспийского аграрного федерального научного центра (Астраханская область). Основными критериями отбора являлись такие показатели, как сила роста и развития, скороплодность и плодоношение. Установлено, что приживаемость изучаемых сортов была высокая и составляла 63,6…100 %. По итогам трех лет изучения выделились сорта с более сдержанным ростом деревьев в высоту - Вишнёвое, Ламбурне, Старк ред. голд, Уманское зимнее. Наиболее скороплодным выделился сорт Ламбурне (0,4 кг). В результате исследований установлено, что изученные сорта яблони в наибольшей степени реализовывают свой биологический потенциал.

The article presents the results of the study of economically valuable displays of new promising apple varieties of the autumn ripening period of domestic and foreign breeding. The experience was laid in 2018. On the basis of the orchard of the Caspian Agrarian Federal Scientific Center (Astrakhan region). The main selection criteria were such indicators as the strength of growth and development, fertility and fruiting. It was found that the survival rate of the studied varieties was high and amounted to 63.6...100%. According to the results of three years of study, varieties with a more restrained growth of trees in height were distinguished - Cherry, Lambourne, Stark red gold, Uman winter. The Lamburne variety (0.4 kg) was the most rapid-yielding. As a result of the research, it was found that the studied apple varieties realize their biological potential to the greatest extent.
THE TECHNOLOGY OF USING NEURAL NETWORKS IN CRIMINAL PROCEEDINGS
Authors: Каюкова Алена Алексеевна , Хачатрян Роберт Эдикович , Милова Ирина Евгеньевна
Published: August 2022

В статье анализируется возможность применения нейросетей для целей правосудия. Искусственный интеллект показал свои преимущества в пандемический период, позволяя внедрять элементы дистанционного формата в судопроизводство по уголовным делам. Вместе с тем цифровые возможности вполне применимы не только для целей обучения, систематизации информации, но и для оптимизации доказывания. Электронные библиотеки позволят снять целый ряд проблем, которые существуют в отечественном уголовном процессе.

The article analyzes the possibility of using neural networks for the purposes of law. Artificial intelligence has shown its advantages in the pandemic period, allowing the introduction of elements of the remote format in criminal proceedings. At the same time, digital capabilities are quite applicable not only for the purposes of training, systematization of information, but also for the optimization of evidence. Electronic libraries will make it possible to remove a number of problems that exist in the domestic criminal process.
THE ROLE OF INVESTMENT IN THE MACROECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF RUSSIA
Authors: Евграфова Дарья Игоревна , Недорезова Елена Сергеевна
Published: August 2022

В статье рассмотрено влияние инвестиций на структурные изменения в хозяйственной жизни, технический прогресс и экономический рост в России. Приведены формулировки понятия и описано прямое влияние инвестиций на экономику страны. Исследованы вопросы повышения инвестиционной активности среди экономических субъектов.

The paper considers the impact of investment on structural changes in economic life, technical progress and economic growth in Russia. The wording of the concept is given and the direct impact of investment on the country's economy is described. The issues of increasing investment activity among economic subjects are investigated.
PROBLEMS OF LEGAL REGULATION OF MARRIAGE CONTRACT IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
Authors: Тельнова Анастасия Сергеевна , Саркисян Виктория Игоревна
Published: August 2022

В данной статье приведены основные пробелы в семейном законодательстве, связанные с правовым регулированием такого института как брачный договор, а также основные плюсы и минусы заключения такого договора.

This article presents the main gaps in family law related to the legal regulation of such an institution as a marriage contract, as well as the main pros and cons of concluding such an agreement.
GERMAN MILITARY TERMS IN THE INFORMATION SPACE OF THE BUNDESWEHR
Authors: Соболев Андрей Николаевич
Published: August 2022

В статье осуществляется анализ семантики и структуры военных терминов немецкого языка на материале немецкого военного журнала «Y-MagazinderBundeswehr».

The article analyzes the semantics and structure of German military terms based on the material of the German military magazine «Y-MagazinderBundeswehr».
NEURAL LANGUAGE MODELS FOR HISTORICAL RESEARCH
Authors: Кузнецов Алексей Валерьевич
Published: August 2022

С увеличением доступности оцифрованных ресурсов исторических документов растет интерес исследователей к методам и технологиям обработки естественного языка. В последние годы в области автоматического анализа текстов доминируют глубокие нейронные сети. В данной статье анализируется существующий опыт и тенденции создания языковых моделей на основе трансформеров для исторических языков.

With the increasing of availability of digitized resources of historical documents, there is a growing interest in natural language processing methods and technologies. In recent years, the field of automatic text analysis has been dominated by deep neural networks. This article analyzes the existing experience and trends in the creation of language models based on transformers for historical languages.
NEURAL INTERFACES
Authors: Балакин Петр Владимирович , Микаева Светлана Анатольевна , Журавлева Юлия Алексеевна
Published: August 2022

Авторы описывают принципы работы нейроинтерфейсов и перспективные области, в которых проводятся исследования на данный момент.

The authors describe the principles of operation of neurointerfaces and the promising areas in which research is currently being conducted.
PERSONALITY PSYCHOLOGY IN CONDITIONS OF TRAUMATIC ACTIVITY
Authors: Романова Милана Замировна
Published: August 2022

В статье рассматриваются различные подходы к изучению проблемы стресса, приводящего к травматизации психики, на пути решения личностью конфликтных ситуаций.

The article discusses various approaches to studying the problem of stress which leads to traumatization of the psyche on the way to solving conflict situations by a person.
BUSINESS PLANNING OF THE ORGANIZATION OF THE SPORTS INDUSTRY
Authors: Гремина Лариса Анатольевна , Липская Полина Михайловна , Москаленко Виктория Сергеевна
Published: August 2022

В статье вы узнаете, как правильно организовать свой бизнес. Рассмотрим виды бизнес планирования. Определим потенциальных клиентов. Узнаем затраты, расходы на расширение бизнеса, проведем анализ конкурентной среды нашей сети фитнес-клубов на локальном рынке, а также вычислим чистую прибыль.

In this article you will learn how to organize your business properly. Consider the types of business planning. We will identify potential customers. We will find out the costs, the costs of expanding the business, analyze the competitive environment of our network of fitness clubs in the local market, and also calculate the net profit.
ENTERPRISE ECONOMIC SECURITY SYSTEM
Authors: Микаева Анжела Сергеевна , Данилов Павел Алексеевич
Published: August 2022

В статье рассматривается система экономической безопасности предприятия, которая состоит из функциональных составляющих: финансовая, кадровая, технико-технологическая, правовая, информационная, экологическая, силовая.

The article discusses the system of economic security of an enterprise, which consists of functional components: financial, personnel, technical and technological, legal, informational, environmental, power.
ANALYSIS OF THE COMPOSITION AND BALNEOLOGICAL APPLICATION OF NATURAL MINERAL WATER «KHILAK» (REPUBLIC OF NORTH OSSETIA - ALANIA)
Authors: Кубалова Людмила Муратовна , Ходова Элина Вячеславовна
Published: August 2022

В работе представлены результаты анализа минеральной воды «Хилак» (Республика Северная Осетия - Алания) на содержание в ней катионов Na, K, Li, Ca, Mg, Fe методами титриметрического и пламенного фотометрического анализа. Приведены также сведения о бальнеологическом применении минеральной воды «Хилак».

The paper presents the results of the analysis of mineral water "Khilak" (Republic of North Ossetia - Alania) for the content of Na, K, Li, Ca, Mg, Fe cations in it by titrimetric and flame photometric methods. Information about the balneological application of Khilak mineral water is also given.
EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES (EMW) OF THE RADIO-FREQUENCY RANGE IN LOW-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC CIRCUITS WITH QUASISTATIONARY CURRENTS
Authors: Абрамян Владимир Казаросович , Гель Валентин Эдуардович , Дворников Александр Сергеевич , Жирохов Андрей Игоревич
Published: August 2022

Представлена методика оценки параметров электромагнитных волн (ЭМВ), источниками которых являются элементы цепи низкочастотного переменного тока. Она позволяет оценить их роль в создании помех для нормального функционирования средств связи в радиочастотном диапазоне.

An engineering technique has been developed for estimating the parameters of electromagnetic waves (EMW), the sources of which are elements of a low-frequency alternating current circuit. It allows you to evaluate their role in creating interference for the normal functioning of communications in the radio frequency range.
Student Reflections on the Effectiveness of Shadowing and Listening Practice
Authors: Head Philip
Published: August 2022

This paper examines student comments on surveys after one of three different types of interventions: listening to L1 speakers (n = 18), shadowing L1 speakers (n = 41), or shadowing L1 and L2 speakers (n = 40). We compare the responses to Likert scale and open-ended questions regarding changes in student confidence in judging English speaking ability (in themselves and others), perceived improvements in speaking ability, and whether the interventions were perceived as enjoyable and a good use of class time. We found that shadowing practice improved student perceptions of their speaking ability and ability to evaluate speech more than listening practice did. We also found that based on qualitative responses, shadowing both English L1 and L2 speakers increased self-awareness of speaking to a greater extent than only shadowing L1 speakers and was perceived to be less difficult than shadowing only L1 speakers.
本稿ではアンケート調査による生の回答を精査することにより、L1話者音声のリスニング(n = 18)、L1話者音声のシャドーイング(n = 41)、L1話者とL2話者の音声のシャドーイング(n = 40)の３種類の介入の効果を論じる。自分や他者の英語スピーキングを評価する際の自信、スピーキング力が向上したという自覚、介入は楽しい練習と思ったか、授業時間を有効に使えたと感じたかに関して、リッカート尺度と自由記述により得られた回答の比較を行った。シャドーイング群は、リスニング群に比べて、スピーキング力及びスピーキング評価能力がより大きく向上したと知覚した。また、質的調査によると、L1/L2シャドーイング群はL1シャドーイング群に比べて、スピーキングにする自己認識が高まり、シャドーイングタスクに比較的困難を感じなかったことが判明した。
Encoding speech rate in challenging listening conditions: White noise and reverberation
Authors: Reinisch Eva , Bosker Hans Rutger
Published: August 2022

Temporal contrasts in speech are perceived relative to the speech rate of the surrounding context. That is, following a fast context sentence, listeners interpret a given target sound as longer than following a slow context, and vice versa. This rate effect, often referred to as “rate-dependent speech perception,” has been suggested to be the result of a robust, low-level perceptual process, typically examined in quiet laboratory settings. However, speech perception often occurs in more challenging listening conditions. Therefore, we asked whether rate-dependent perception would be (partially) compromised by signal degradation relative to a clear listening condition. Specifically, we tested effects of white noise and reverberation, with the latter specifically distorting temporal information. We hypothesized that signal degradation would reduce the precision of encoding the speech rate in the context and thereby reduce the rate effect relative to a clear context. This prediction was borne out for both types of degradation in Experiment 1, where the context sentences but not the subsequent target words were degraded. However, in Experiment 2, which compared rate effects when contexts and targets were coherent in terms of signal quality, no reduction of the rate effect was found. This suggests that, when confronted with coherently degraded signals, listeners adapt to challenging listening situations, eliminating the difference between rate-dependent perception in clear and degraded conditions. Overall, the present study contributes towards understanding the consequences of different types of listening environments on the functioning of low-level perceptual processes that listeners use during speech perception.
Analisis Kemampuan Kerja Mikrokontroler MCS-51 sebagai Frequency Counter
Authors: Maria Putut Son , Susianti Elva
Published: August 2022

Generator fungsi atau Function generator adalah alat yang menghasilkan sinyal listrik dengan amplitudo dan frekuensi yang dapat diubah-ubah. Pada kegiatan praktikum di laboratorium elektronika, perangkat generator fungsi dan oscilloscope adalah dua alat ukur yang wajib untuk menunjang proses pembelajaran mahasiswa. Ketiadaan fitur penampil frekuensi pada sebuah function generator mengakibatkan mahasiswa pemula menjadi sulit untuk memperkirakan besaran frekuensi yang diinginkan dan efeknya adalah proses praktikum(pengambilan data) menjadi lebih lama. Penelitian ini memaparkan rancangan frequency counter yang dapat diaplikasikan untuk pengukuran rentang frekuensi rendah hingga menengah menggunakan sistem digital. Rancangan dibangun menggunakan mikrokontroler AT89C2051 dari keluarga MCS-51 yang memiliki fitur minimum agar nilai efisiensi dari resource-nya menjadi tinggi. Hasil desain frequency counter pada penelitian ini terbukti secara simulasi dapat berfungsi secara baik dengan kemampuan daya ukur frekuensi maksimum sebesar 43 KHz menurut perhitungan machine cycle, walaupun demikian secara simulasi ternyata sistem mampu mengukur hingga 47 KHz dengan nilai error 0.223% namun dengan konsekuensi tampilan yang lambat.
Electrochemical formal homocoupling of sec-alcohols
Authors: Yamamoto Kosuke , Arita Kazuhisa , Shiota Masashi , Kuriyama Masami , Onomura Osamu
Published: August 2022

Electrochemical pinacol coupling of carbonyl compounds in an undivided cell with a sacrificial anode would be a promising approach toward synthetically valuable vic-1,2-diol scaffolds without using low-valent metal reductants. However, sacrificial anodes produce an equimolar amount of metal waste, which may be a major issue in terms of sustainable chemistry. Herein, we report a sacrificial anode-free electrochemical protocol for the synthesis of pinacol-type vic-1,2-diols from sec-alcohols, namely benzyl alcohol derivatives and ethyl lactate. The corresponding vic-1,2-diols are obtained in moderate to good yields, and good to high levels of stereoselectivity are observed for sec-benzyl alcohol derivatives. The present transformations smoothly proceed in a simple undivided cell under constant current conditions without the use of external chemical oxidants/reductants, and transition-metal catalysts.
Applications of Poisson Hidden Markov models to PM10 concentrations data
Authors:   The Korean Data Analysis Society, Kim Hee-Young
Published: August 2022

This study addresses the problem of monitoring and forecasting of particulate matter(PM) data, focusing, in particular, on high-level , which is known to adversely impact human mortality and morbidity. We use hourly data, collected between November 26, 2018, to December 01, 2018, from 40 stations located in the Seoul metropolitan area of South Korea. We model the number of regions corresponding to “bad” or “very bad” categories of the density, using a hidden Markov model with Poisson state-dependent distribution, Poisson-HMM, since a Poisson-HMM allows for both overdispersion and serial dependence. Model selection, in particular for the number of latent states, is based on Akaike’s Information criterion and Bayesian Information criterion. By AIC and BIC, the Poisson-HMMs are a big improvement on independent mixture of Poissons with the same state, which does not allow for the serial dependence in the observations. We conclude that Poisson-HMM is a good forecasting model.
INVESTIGATION ON THE MALYSIAN DUABANGA MOLUCCANA CROSS SECTIONS AS SOUND ABSORBING FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
Authors: JANG EUN-SUK , KANG CHUN-WON
Published: August 2022

This study focused on Duabanga moluccana, which is a fast-growing tropical tree native to Southeast Asia. Duabanga moluccana cross sectional specimens were analyzed to gas permeability, pore size, and open-pore porosity and also measured its sound absorption coefficients with an impedance tube. Duabanga moluccanashowed a larger pore size and greater open-pore porosity than other hardwood species, and its sound absorbing performance was superior to that of the gypsum board currently used as a commercial ceiling material. Although this was a laboratory-scale investigation, we demonstrate that Duabanga moluccanacross sections have potential as a natural sound absorbing functional building material.
YEAST CULTIVATION FOR SINGLE-CELL PROTEIN PRODUCTION USING THE CARBOHYDRATE HYDROLYSATE OF STEAM-EXPLODED EUCALYPTUS WOOD
Authors: ZHANG XIAOYAN , ZHAO GUANGJIE
Published: August 2022

This study was aimed at producing single-cell (SCP) protein from the carbohydrate hydrolysate of steam-exploded eucalyptus (Eucalyptus urophylla) wood. Two yeast strains including Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Candida utilis 2.587 were used for batch fermentation. Results showed that the total reducing sugars (TRS), glucose and xylose in hydrolysate had concentrations of 17.52, 10.71, and 4.30 g·L-1, respectively.During fermentation, yeast strains of S. cerevisiae and C. utilis 2.587 used monosaccharides sequentially, and secondary growth occurred. The yeast biomass contained 43.59% crude protein and was rich in all essential amino acids such as lysine, leucine, and valine. Total amino acid reached 401.45 g·kg-1, and corresponded with the standard recommended by the Food and Agriculture Organization of theUnited Nations for amino acids, except sulfur-containing amino acids.
STUDY ON THE TIME-FREQUENCY CHARACTERISTICS AND PROPAGATION LAW OF ACOUSTIC EMISSION LONGITUDINAL WAVES IN WOOD GRAIN DIRECTION
Authors: FANG SAIYIN , LI MING , DENG TINGTING , DU KUND
Published: August 2022

To study the propagation law of acoustic emission (AE) longitudinal waves in wood, therelationship among wave velocity, standing wave fundamental frequency and Young's modulus of elasticity was studied, and the energy decay model of AE longitudinal waves along the grain direction was established. Firstly, the propagation velocity of the longitudinal wave was calculated using the time-difference method. Then, the relationship between the wave velocity and Young's modulus of elasticity was analyzed and the method of calculating thelongitudinal wave velocity using the fundamental frequency was proposed. Finally, using different levels' pulse strings as AE sources, the attenuation law of AE signal energy with distance was studied. The results show that the longitudinal wave velocity can be estimated more accurately by using the standing wave fundamental frequency. The influence of Poisson's ratio needs to be considered when calculating the Young's modulus of elasticity by using thelongitudinal wave velocity.