bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Social shaming and bullying of mental health staff by patients: A survey in a mental health centre
Authors: Zaitsev Assuline Sara , Savitsky Bella , Wilf‐Miron Rachel , Kagan Ilya
Published: August 2022

What is known on the subject?

Public shaming, especially by consumers of healthcare, is getting worse and has become a specific case of bullying

Despite extensive research on physical and verbal violence directed towards mental health workers, the issue of social shaming and bullying by patients or relatives has not been sufficiently researched

What the paper adds to existing knowledge

Mental healthcare workers are exposed to the threat of social shaming and bullying on a regular almost weekly basis

Abusive behaviours by patients are associated with professional burnout, decreases in professional functioning and even a tendency to leave the workplace among mental health workers

What are the implications for practice?

The stability and strength of the therapeutic alliance between healthcare giver and psychiatric patient are critical to the success of the treatment

There is a need to develop a dedicated organizational policy for the prevention, early detection, intervention and support for teams exposed to social shaming and bullying

An emphatic response, and effective intervention in a case of social shaming may improve professional functioning and reduce burnout and intention to leave.

Introduction

Social shaming can impair caregivers' performance. The prevalence of shaming experienced by mental health workers and the relationships to their function or burnout is unknown.

Aim

To examine the associations between exposure to social shaming and bullying by patients, the risk appraisal of negative impact of this behaviour, burnout, professional functioning and intention to leave among mental health workers.

Method

In this cross‐sectional study, 122 workers from a psychiatric hospital completed a questionnaire.

Results

Participants reported exposure to social shaming and bullying by patients on a regular basis. Shaming and bullying were significantly associated with lower professional functioning and higher intention to leave, while burnout may at least partially mediate the association between these variables.

Conclusions

The phenomenon of shaming and bullying of mental health workers by patients is common and is associated with lower functioning and higher burnout, which have a negative impact on the patient‐caregiver interaction.

Implications for Practice

There is a need to establish a policy for early detection of shaming of mental health workers in order to prevent burnout or intention to leave. Evidence based interventions, such as the Safewards model, accompanied by assessment of their effectiveness, may help in this effort.
Spanish and English Oral Language Growth Rates of Bilingual Preschoolers: The Effect of Language of Instruction
Authors: Durán Lillian , Wackerle‐Hollman Alisha , Miranda Alejandra , Chávez Carlos , Pentimonti Jill , Zyskind Karen , Rodriguez Michael C.
Published: August 2022

Studying the oral language growth of Spanish‐speaking preschoolers in the United States is increasingly important given the critical role early language development plays in reading outcomes. In this article, we report on the Spanish and English growth trajectories observed in 124 bilingual preschoolers collected over 2 years in 36 classrooms across 5 states and the associations of growth in each language to language of instruction and home language exposure. Patterns indicate the need for Spanish instruction to maintain robust rates of Spanish growth and English growth rates in Spanish, bilingual, and English‐only instruction. Significant differences in English and Spanish oral language abilities were also noted at the intercept between children who were Spanish dominant versus balanced bilinguals. Implications for research and practice are provided.
Length–weight relationship, condition factor, sex ratio and size at first maturity of the blue‐spotted tilapia (Oreochromis leucostictus) in Lake Naivasha, Kenya
Authors: Cishahayo Laurent , Yongo Edwine , Mutethya Eunice , Waithaka Edna , Ndayishimiye Rose
Published: August 2022

Oreochromis leucostictus is a commercially important tilapiine in Lake Naivasha, with its stocks having declined because of the effects of fishing, habitat degradation and pollution. The present study investigated its length–weight relationship, condition factor, sex ratio and maturity. Fish samples (233) were collected during 2017, with each fish measured (cm), weighed (g) and analysed for maturity in the laboratory. The mean (±SD) total length and weight were 21.3 ± 0.3 cm TL and 187.4 ± 8.3 g, respectively. The fish exhibited a negative allometric growth pattern (b = 2.33). The mean condition factor was 1.06, 0.99 and 1.04 for male, female and combined sexes, respectively. The condition factor was significantly higher in September (1.70 ± 0.15) and October (1.63 ± 0.15) than in other months. Males were significantly more dominant than females (male:female sex ratio = 2.19:1.0). Females (21.0 cm TL) matured at smaller lengths, compared to males (26.0 cm TL). Comparisons with earlier studies suggested the length–weight relationship, condition factor, sex ratio and size at first maturity of O. leucostictus in Lake Naivasha varied significantly from other tilapiines in various water bodies. The results of the present study provide insights into the biological attributes of O. leucostictus useful for its sustainable management.
Whole‐exome sequencing of a patient with primary central nervous system T‐cell lymphoma: Clinicopathological features and genomic profiling
Authors: Zhao Xia , Shao Shihong , Wu Mingxuan , Zhang Qian , Wu Chuanhong , Zhao Xiangzhong , Bian Haiyan , Li Zhiqiang , Gao Chengwen
Published: August 2022

Primary central nervous system T‐cell lymphoma (T‐PCNSL) is a rare neoplasm, and its underlying genetic features are poorly understood. Herein, we present the case of a 64‐year‐old man with T‐PCNSL who presented with left‐side limb weakness. Brain magnetic resonance imaging revealed a right parietal space‐occupying lesion. Immunohistochemically, the tumor was positive for CD3, CD4, CD5, CD8, and CD56, and the Ki‐67 labeling index was approximately 20%. These pathological features are consistent with those of T‐cell lymphoma. Whole exome sequencing was performed, and we found a variant in the ACSS3 gene that could be related to disease pathogenesis. Our findings may help advance our understanding of the molecular pathogenesis of T‐PCNSL. Further molecular analysis of such cases could help to improve adjuvant molecular diagnostic methods and targeted therapies for T‐PCNSL.
Affective commitment, home‐based working and the blurring of work–home boundaries: Evidence from Germany
Authors: Lott Yvonne , Abendroth Anja‐Kristin
Published: August 2022

Analysis of data from the representative German Linked Personnel Panel revealed that, overall, the use of home‐based working is associated with a higher affective organisational commitment on the part of employees. However, this is less often the case when the use of home‐based working involves the blurring of work–home boundaries. Perceived trust and fairness on the part of supervisors mediates the association between employees' experiences with working from home and their affective commitment. These results show that experiences with home‐based working shape employees' perceptions of trust and fairness in their exchange relations with supervisors and thus their affective commitment to the organisation. Employees' experiences with home‐based working that reflect its supportive implementation by their employers and supervisors are critical for their commitment. Our results provide the first evidence that in exchange relations between employees and supervisors, perceived fairness is as important as perceived trust.
Association of anxiety and depression with oral mucositis: A systematic review
Authors: de Arruda José Alcides Almeida , Heimlich Fernanda Vieira , Drumond Victor Zanetti , Schuch Lauren Frenzel , Martins Manoela Domingues , Abreu Lucas Guimarães , Teixeira Antonio Lucio , Mesquita Ricardo Alves , Silva Tarcília Aparecida
Published: August 2022

Objective

Anxiety and depression are frequent conditions among individuals undergoing antineoplastic therapy, but their relationship with oral mucositis is unclear. This systematic review evaluated the potential association of anxiety and depression with frequency and severity of chemo/radiotherapy‐induced oral mucositis.

Materials and Methods

Electronic searches were undertaken in five databases supplemented by manual scrutiny and gray literature searches in three other databases. The risk of bias was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute tool.

Results

Eight observational studies conducted on 954 individuals (male‐to‐female ratio: 1.1:1; age range: six‐82 years). Three (37.5%) studies included patients with solid tumors, two (25%) studies included hematopoietic/lymphoid tissue tumors, and two (25%) studies comprised mixed types of malignant neoplasms. Eight different instruments were used to assess oral mucositis, while seven different instruments were used to evaluate anxiety and depression. Associations of anxiety and/or depression with oral mucositis severity were reported in six (75.0%) studies. Oral mucositis‐related symptoms, especially pain, were linked with depression in three (37.5%) studies.

Conclusion

A relatively low number of cases and data heterogeneity hamper definitive conclusion about the potential association between anxiety/depression and oral mucositis. Further studies that could guide more personalized treatments are warranted to investigate this plausible bidirectional interaction.
Is narrowest QRS the best? A case of cardiac resynchronization therapy in a patient with left anterior fascicular block
Authors: Shimeno Kenji , Tamura Shota , Hayashi Yusuke , Abe Yukio , Naruko Takahiko
Published: August 2022

The efficacy of cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) in patients with a narrow QRS duration has not been established. We present a patient with a narrow QRS duration and left anterior fascicular block in which CRT was effective. Left ventricular lead implantation at the optimal site and appropriately‐timed left ventricular pacing (LVP) resulted in left ventricle reverse remodeling. Left ventricular dyssynchrony did not improve with LVP at a timing that resulted in narrower QRS than an intrinsic QRS duration. The optimization of LVP timing in CRT for patients with a narrow QRS duration is discussed.
Partially partitioned templating strategies for outpatient specialty practices
Authors: Bai Miao , Berg Bjorn , Sir Esra Sisikoglu , Sir Mustafa Y.
Published: August 2022

Templating strategies specify policies on capacity allocation and appointment booking, which are central to patient access management in outpatient specialty practices (SPs). In the widely implemented partitioned templating strategy, appointment capacity is allocated exclusively to each patient group defined by a combination of patient attributes and medical conditions, which often results in utilization challenges for SPs. Motivated by problems faced by an SP within a large academic medical center, we propose partially partitioned templating strategies that cluster patient groups into access classes and allocate appointment slots to these classes. We formulate a two‐stage stochastic optimization model to simultaneously optimize decisions on patient group clustering and capacity allocation in the templating strategy design. We develop an efficient solution algorithm for the problem, which otherwise poses a combinatorial challenge, based on Benders' cuts and an anticipatory approximation. Numerical experiments using real‐world data show that the partially partitioned strategies outperform benchmark strategies used by SPs through maintaining a balance of high capacity utilization and providing timely access for priority patients. In addition, we study a wide range of SP setups for transferable insights on templating strategies based on practice specifics.
Careers of women public managers: Career needs of women public managers across generations
Authors: Bishu Sebawit G. , Sabharwal Meghna , Reyes Rebecca
Published: August 2022

This study examines women's managerial experiences in leadership roles and reflects on their career needs. Women's career needs are understood by applying the Kaleidoscope Career Model (KCM), which is yet to be widely explored in public sector settings. The KCM recognizes the interplay of multiple experiences that shape the career development of women in the workforce. Using 21 in‐depth interviews with women municipal government leaders in the United States; we find that while all three parameters of the KCM model are relevant for women public managers, the need for balance is overwhelmingly evident for women across all generations. Further, we demonstrate how the relationality of women public managers and the interplay of personal and professional needs drive their career goals. The findings from this study are relevant to human resource development policies and practices that consider generational differences into account. Work‐life balance needs are relevant for women across all generations (Baby Boomer, Generation X, and Generation Y), and organizations play a vital role in mitigating the burden for women managers. Women public managers' need for balance dominates across generations over the need for challenge and authenticity. Human resource management programs should consider policies and programs that are responsive to the specific needs of women across different generations. Women managers from Generation X and Baby Boomer generational cohorts express interest in leaving their current position or look forward to retirement in the future.
Does public managers' type of education affect performance in public organizations? A systematic review
Authors: Netra Søren , Sørensen Peter , Nejstgaard Camilla Hansen
Published: August 2022

Although scholars agree that public managers' education could affect performance in public organizations, no attempt has been made to synthesize the empirical evidence on this relationship. Consequently, we ask, do public managers with a general management education, such as an MPA, or a specialist education, such as an MD in the context of a hospital, affect different types of performance in public organizations? Based on a preregistered systematic literature review, we find 548 effect sizes from 50 quantitative studies by screening more than 12,000 potentially eligible studies. Our meta‐regression analyses show that specialist managers have a statistically significant small average advantage on field‐specific performance compared to other managers, and that generalist managers have a statistically significant small average advantage on financial performance compared to other managers. Based on these results, we recommend that future research investigate the theoretical linkages between public managers' education and performance in public organizations.
Identifying selection signatures for litter size in Guangxi Bama Xiang pigs
Authors: Mo Jiayuan , Lu Yujie , GangYan   , Wang Yubing , Zhang Kun , Zhang Shuai , Wang Mengying , Chen Xingfa , Lan Ganqiu , Liang Jing
Published: August 2022

Litter size is an important economic trait in pig production. However, the genetic mechanisms underlying varying litter size in Guangxi Bama Xiang pigs remain unknown. To identify selection signatures for litter size in Guangxi Bama Xiang pigs, we obtained 297 Illumina PorcineSNP50 BeadChip array data and the average born number (ABN) from parity one to nine in Guangxi Bama Xiang pigs. Fixation index (Fst) methods were used to identify the selection signature of the litter size, and three phenotypic gradient differential population pairs (according to the ABN) in individuals were used to reduce the false positives of signature selections. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were identified in the VEGFA promoter and exons. The general linear model was used to analyse the differences in distinct genotypes after they were typed using three‐round multiplex PCR technology. Finally, the transcriptome factor and CpG island in the VEGFA promoter were predicted. A total of 328, 328 and 317 significant loci were identified in the 1st, 2nd and 3rd population pairs, respectively. After removing the false positives, 25 SNPs were defined as the selection signatures in relation to litter size. Ten (VEGFA, USP49, USP25, SRPK1, SLC26A8, RPL10A, PPARD, MAPK14, HMGA1 and CHRDL2) out of 52 genes in the selection regions were annotated as the candidate genes of litter size, respectively, VEGFA. There were no SNPs in the VEGFA exon region, but we obtained three SNPs (rs786889605, rs343769603 and rs323942424) in the VEGFA promoter regions. The ABN in CC was significantly higher than that in TT in rs786889605, and the ABN in TT was significantly lower than that in GG in rs323942424. Meanwhile, the mutation of the VEGFA promoter result in the loss of Sp1 and NF‐1 and the formation of Oct‐1. In summary, we obtained ten candidate genes, and two mutations in the VEGFA promoter that could be important potential molecular biomarkers for litter size in Bama Xiang pigs.
Communicating uncertainty in national security intelligence: Expert and nonexpert interpretations of and preferences for verbal and numeric formats
Authors: Irwin Daniel , Mandel David R.
Published: August 2022

Organizations in several domains including national security intelligence communicate judgments under uncertainty using verbal probabilities (e.g., likely) instead of numeric probabilities (e.g., 75% chance), despite research indicating that the former have variable meanings across individuals. In the intelligence domain, uncertainty is also communicated using terms such as low, moderate, or high to describe the analyst's confidence level. However, little research has examined how intelligence professionals interpret these terms and whether they prefer them to numeric uncertainty quantifiers. In two experiments (N = 481 and 624, respectively), uncertainty communication preferences of expert (n = 41 intelligence analysts in Experiment 1) and nonexpert intelligence consumers were elicited. We examined which format participants judged to be more informative and simpler to process. We further tested whether participants treated verbal probability and confidence terms as independent constructs and whether participants provided coherent numeric probability translations of verbal probabilities. Results showed that although most nonexperts favored the numeric format, experts were about equally split, and most participants in both samples regarded the numeric format as more informative. Experts and nonexperts consistently conflated probability and confidence. For instance, confidence intervals inferred from verbal confidence terms had a greater effect on the location of the estimate than the width of the estimate, contrary to normative expectation. Approximately one‐fourth of experts and over one‐half of nonexperts provided incoherent numeric probability translations for the terms likely and unlikely when the elicitation of best estimates and lower and upper bounds were briefly spaced by intervening tasks.
The elliptical vortices, integrable Ermakov structure, Schrödinger connection, and Lax pair in the compressible Navier–Stokes equation
Authors: An Hongli , Zhu Haixing
Published: August 2022

In this paper, we investigate the (2+1)‐dimensional compressible Navier–Stokes equation with density‐dependent viscosity coefficients. We introduce a novel power‐type elliptic vortex ansatz and thereby obtain a finite‐dimensional nonlinear dynamical system. The latter is shown to not only have an underlying integrable Ermakov structure of Hamiltonian type, but also admit a Lax pair formulation and associated stationary nonlinear Schrödinger connection. In addition, we construct a class of elliptical vortex solutions termed pulsrodons corresponding to pulsating elliptic warm core eddies and discuss their dynamical behaviors. These solutions have recently found applications in geography, and oceanic and atmospheric dynamics.
Family Planning in the Sierra Leone Ebola Outbreak: Women's Proximal and Distal Reasoning
Authors: McKay Gillian , Enria Luisa , Nam Sara L. , Fofanah Maseray , Conteh Suliaman Gbonnie , Lees Shelley
Published: August 2022

Sierra Leone was highly impacted by the 2014–2016 West Africa Ebola outbreak, with 3,955 recorded deaths. Already stressed maternal health services were deeply affected by the outbreak due to fears of viral transmission, reallocation of maternity staff, and broader policies to stop transmission including travel restrictions. This research sought to explore women's perspectives on delaying pregnancy during the Ebola outbreak using family planning methods. Qualitative data collection took place in Kambia District in 2018 and included 35 women participants, with women who were either family planning users or nonusers at the time of the outbreak. Women reported a variety of reasons for choosing to take or not to take family planning during the outbreak, which we categorized as proximal (directly related to the outbreak) or distal (not directly outbreak related). Proximal reasons to take family planning included to avoid interacting with health care spaces where Ebola could be transmitted, to avoid the economic burden of additional children in a time when economic activities were curtailed and to return to school when education resumed postoutbreak. Distal reasoning included gender roles affecting women's decision making to seek family planning, concerns related to the physiological side effects of family planning, and the economic burden of paying for family planning. Women's perspectives for choosing to take or not take family planning during the Sierra Leone Ebola crisis had not been explored prior to this paper. Using the lens of family planning to consider how women choose to access health care in an outbreak gives us a unique perspective into how all health care interactions are impacted by a generalized outbreak of Ebola, and how outbreak responses struggle to ensure such services remain a priority.
Why do people engage in violent tactics during a protest campaign? Understanding radical activist through regionalist mobilizations in Chile
Authors: Medel Rodrigo M. , Asún Rodrigo A. , Zúñiga Claudia
Published: August 2022

Objective

This article seeks to better understand the differences between radical and moderate activists who come from the same mobilization process.

Methods

Using an original survey data of participants in a regionalist movement in Chile, we employed latent class analysis on 15 different tactics. We found support for a radical, a moderate, and a non‐activist profile. Next, we applied multinomial logistic regression models to explain differences both for recruitment (moderate and radical in reference to inactive class) and for participation (radical in reference to moderate class).

Results

The participants who engaged in radical action were the youngest, the most embedded in activist networks, and those with the strongest perception of self‐efficacy.

Conclusions

These results contrast with previous evidence that associates participation in violent actions with a low perception of efficacy, isolated groups, and behavioral specialization. We argue that these differences derive from the context of our study, which can be equated to the initial phases of a protest cycle.
Probabilities, odds, and vigorish
Authors: Eisenhauer Joseph G.
Published: August 2022

This paper uses actual data on horse racing to illustrate probabilities, odds, and expected values, and offers cautionary remarks about applying textbook formulas to gambling on real‐world sporting events.
Geometric consistency of Manin's conjecture
Authors: Lehmann Brian , Sengupta Akash Kumar , Tanimoto Sho
Published: August 2022

We conjecture that the exceptional set in Manin's conjecture has an explicit geometric description. Our proposal includes the rational point contributions from any generically finite map with larger geometric invariants. We prove that this set is contained in a thin subset of rational points, verifying that there is no counterexample to Manin's conjecture which arises from an incompatibility of geometric invariants.
Hemicorea inducida por hiperglucemia no cetósica: discordancia clínicorradiológica
Authors: García Marmolejo Juan Pablo , Mayoral Valencia Manuel David , Tejada Serna Paola Andrea
Published: August 2022

La hemicorea inducida por hiperglicemia no cetósica es una complicación poco frecuente de la diabetes mellitus. Se caracteriza por la tríada de movimientos coreiformes involuntarios unilaterales, hiperglucemia sin cetosis e hiperintensidad de ganglios basales contralaterales en imágenes de resonancia magnética nuclear principalmente en T1 o alta densidad en tomografía computarizada. Tiene un alto potencial de recuperabilidad total o parcial de su expresión clínica, por esta razón el diagnóstico y tratamiento oportuno es indispensable para evitar secuelas neurológicas irreversibles. Se presentan dos casos clínicos de este síndrome en los cuales es llamativo la incongruencia de los hallazgos imagenológicos con los clínicos.
Effect on the functionality of elderly obese, after exercise guidelines and nutritional intervention. Systematic review.
Authors: Curilem Gatica Cristian Arturo , Bahamondes Ávila Carlos , Bruneau-Chávez José , Berral de la Rosa Francisco José
Published: August 2022

SummaryOlder adults currently have obesity-associated cardiovascular diseases, which are risk factors for developing fragility and decreasing their functionality. Determine the most effective planning of exercise and nutrition to improve functionality in older adults with obesity. This systematic review complies with the PRISMA statement. The "PICOS" strategy was used for the research question and delimited the study's scope: Population: aged, obesity; Intervention: exercise, diet; Comparison: control groups; Result: frail elderly; Design: a randomized controlled trial. A search was carried out until September 2020, tracking summaries and articles in the databases: PUBMED, SCIELO, BVSALUD, MEDLINE / PMC, SCIENCE DIRECT SPORT DISCUS / EBSCO HOST. One thousand seven hundred items were identified, applying the selection criteria. Of these, 19 studies were analyzed, 1.310 participants, 33.0 ± 3.8 Kg/m2. The exercise lasted between 8 - 52 weeks. 57% of studies use multi-component exercise to intervene with older adults. 37% of studies use caloric restriction as to nutritional intervention. Our work concludes that multi-component exercise and caloric restriction are beneficial for improving older adults' functionality with obesity. The data provided are useful for planning physical activity in older primary care adults.Keywords: aging, physical activity, overweight, nutrition.
Relevancia en América Latina de las acciones políticas dirigidas a garantizar una alimentación saludable y suficiente durante la pandemia de COVID-19 y después de esta
Authors: Gómez Gutiérrez Luis Fernando , Parra María Fernanda , Lucumí Diego Iván , Bermúdez Laura Camila , Calderón Antonio José , Mantilla Juliana , Mora-Plazas Mercedes
Published: August 2022

Los patrones de alimentación no saludables son el principal factor de riesgo comportamental relacionado con mortalidad en América Latina y el Caribe. En el contexto de la pandemia por COVID-19, la implementación de acciones políticas para promocionar una alimentación saludable y reducir el consumo de comestibles ultra-procesados, no solo es prioritario para prevenir enfermedades crónicas no-transmisibles (ENT) sino, además, para reducir el deterioro clínico de las personas que las padecen. De esta forma, las acciones políticas que permitan asegurar la disponibilidad de alimentos no procesados de alto valor nutricional para la población general y que les permitan a los campesinos continuar con sus actividades de cultivo y cosecha, son un pilar fundamental para mitigar los efectos negativos en salud derivados de la pandemia. Se requiere un abordaje integral para enfrentar el creciente desafío de la obesidad y de las ENT asociadas con patrones de alimentación no saludables, que incluya las siguientes acciones: impuestos a las bebidas azucaradas, restricciones al márquetin de bebidas y comestibles ultra-procesados, etiquetado frontal de fácil comprensión para el consumidor y el desarrollo de políticas públicas para modificar los sistemas agrícolas y alimentarios actuales.
Disfunciones sexuales en mujeres con obesidad en el Quindío, Colombia. 2016-2019. Estudio de prevalencia
Authors: Espitia De La Hoz Franklin José
Published: August 2022

Objetivo: evaluar la prevalencia de disfunciones sexuales en mujeres con obesidad, en el Quindío (Colombia).

Materiales y métodos: estudio de corte transversal.  Se incluyeron 234 mujeres mayores de 18 años y menores de 40 años, con pareja estable y actividad sexual en las últimas 6 semanas, y obesidad, residentes en el Quindío; atendidas en una clínica privada de nivel III. Entre 2016 y 2019. Se utilizó como instrumento el índice de función sexual femenina (IFSF) Se realizó muestreo aleatorio simple. Se realizó un análisis descriptivo.

Resultados: La edad media de la población participante fue de 35,79 ± 8,41 años (mínimo: 18 y máximo: 39).  La puntuación del IFSF en la población total tuvo una media de 22,65 ± 7,61 puntos (mínimo: 19,08 y máximo: 28,22); mientras que en las mujeres afectadas fue de 24,07 ± 6,18 puntos (mínimo: 19,08 y máximo: 26,45). La prevalencia de disfunciones sexuales alcanzó el 65,81%; observándose alteración del deseo (65,81%), seguida por trastornos del orgasmo (41,88%), insatisfacción sexual (39,31%), dificultades con la excitación (26,92%), la lubricación (25,21%) y dolor / dispareunia (11,96%). La mediana de disfunciones sexuales, en el grupo de las mujeres afectadas fue de 3, la cual se observó en el 71,36%.

Conclusiones: en las mujeres con obesidad en el Quindío, se evidenció una alta prevalencia de disfunciones sexuales, correspondiente a las 2/3 partes de las participantes, predominando las alteraciones del deseo y trastornos del orgasmo. Se requiere evaluar los efectos de la obesidad en mujeres de diferentes regiones del país e implementar intervenciones a fin de conocer su impacto en la función sexual de las mujeres. Se debe prestar atención a los problemas sexuales que enfrentan las pacientes con obesidad a fin de mejorar su calidad de vida.
Síndrome de Stokes-Adams como debut de una miocarditis fulminante: presentación de un caso exitoso
Authors: Hernandez Medina Natalia , Matiz Espinosa Raúl Esteban , Jiménez Cruz Camilo Andrés , Castellanos Garzón Rafael Gustavo
Published: August 2022

La miocarditis es más a menudo causada por una infección viral. Las causas menos comunes incluyen otros agentes infecciosos y enfermedades autoinmunes. La miocarditis fulminante es una complicación inusual con un curso rápidamente progresivo que resulta en insuficiencia cardíaca grave y shock cardiogénico. Presentamos el caso de un paciente previamente sano sin inmunosupresión adquirida o congénita, con cuadro de dolor torácico con compromiso de su clase funcional, con alteración electrocardiográfica dada por bloqueo auriculo ventricular de alto grado y posterior falla cardiaca aguda y choque cardiogénico. Se consideró cursaba con miocarditis fulminante lo cual es más inusual en paciente inmunocompetente por biopsia miocárdica. Se realizó monitoreo hemodinámico avanzado y medidas de soporte circulatorio mecánico con una evolución clínica satisfactoria, pero con secuelas del ritmo con requerimiento de marcapaso definitivo.
Accesibilidad a productos de higiene de manos, uso de gel antibacterial y satisfacción de adultos durante la COVID-19
Authors: Tejada Muñoz Sonia , Chávez Quintana Segundo_Grimaldo , Díaz Manchay Rosa_Jeuna , Huyhua Gutierrez Sonia Celedonia , Coronel Zubiate Franz_Tito , Herrera García Yamira Iraisa , Gonzales Paco Edwin
Published: August 2022

Resumen

El objetivo del estudio fue determinar la asociación entre accesibilidad a los productos de higiene de manos, uso de gel antibacterial y satisfacción de adultos del Asentamiento Humano 16 de octubre de la ciudad de Chachapoyas. El estudio fue cuantitativo, diseño relacional, prospectivo, transversal y analítico, cuya muestra estuvo representada por 46 adultos, elegidos por muestreo no probabilístico intencionado. Se encontró que el 54,3% de adultos consideran caro el precio de productos de higiene de manos, el 67,4% gasta entre 5 a 10 soles por semana, el 69,6% tiene agua dentro de su hogar sin embargo el 60,9% tiene solamente agua no potabilizada.  Respecto al lavado de manos, un 54,3% lo hace en caño y lavatorio y el resto usa balde y/o jarra. Asimismo, el 45% nunca usó gel antibacterial, el 30,4% siempre y el 23,9% algunas veces. Respecto a la satisfacción del uso del gel antibacterial el 43,5% está poco satisfecho, el 29% satisfecho, el 15,2% muy satisfecho y el 2,2% nada satisfecho. Concluyendo que existe asociación entre el uso del gel antibacterial y la satisfacción de los adultos mayores. (P = 0,000).
Intervenciones basadas en mindfulness para el manejo de pacientes con dolor
Authors: Rezk Schuler Gabriel Salim , Badoui Rodriguez Nora
Published: August 2022

Introducción: El dolor es un síntoma complejo y multicausal generando incapacidad, compromiso en la calidad de vida, y altos costos al sistema de salud. Las estrategias de atención plena son una posible alternativa terapéutica por lo que resulta necesario identificar la evidencia existente sobre este tipo de intervenciones en diferentes tipos de dolor.  
Métodos: Se realizó una búsqueda y selección de la literatura en bases de datos Cochrane, Embase, SciELO, Pubmed, Ebsco, Lilacs, BMJ, Scopus y ScienceDirect limitando a idiomas inglés y español, publicados entre los años 2010 y 2020.  
Resultados: La evidencia en dolor agudo es discordante, aunque algunos estudios encuentran resultados favorables. Hay efectos positivos significativos para dolor en enfermedades con sensibilización central. En dolor crónico oncológico no hay evidencia para reducción de dolor pero sí en calidad de vida.  
En población infantil y joven, la falta de madurez del sistema nervioso central puede ser causa de la ausencia de efecto de estas intervenciones.  Conclusiones: Las intervenciones basadas en mindfulness son seguras y tienen un efecto benéfico en el dolor crónico no oncológico en adultos. Pueden tener un rol adyuvante en el tratamiento usual. Se requiere de investigación en dolor agudo y en dolor en niños y adolescentes.
Morbilidad y mortalidad en recién nacidos pretérmino menores de 32 semanas en una unidad de cuidados intensivos neonatal de la ciudad de Bogotá (Colombia)
Authors: Puello Ávila Antonio Carlos , Laiseca Torres Edgar Felipe
Published: August 2022

Introducción: Los desenlaces neonatales adversos se asocian a un gran costo económico a los sistemas de salud. Existe una preocupación creciente por la relación directamente proporcional entre el número de sobrevivientes y las tasas de discapacidad de los recién nacidos prematuros. El objetivo fue describir la morbilidad y la mortalidad en recién nacidos menores de 32 semanas de edad gestacional  y determinar los factores asociados. Materiales y métodos: Estudio de corte transversal con componente analítico, que incluyó todos los recién nacidos pretérmino menores de 32 semanas de edad gestacional, que nacieron entre enero de 2018 y diciembre de 2020 y que continuaron su seguimiento en el programa Madre Canguro de la misma institución. Resultados: Se identificaron 108 recién nacidos. Los principales desenlaces fueron displasia broncopulmonar con una frecuencia del 85,9% entre los sobrevivientes y una mortalidad global del 27,7%. Se resalta la gran fuerza de asociación entre el choque séptico y el fallecimiento (ORa=275; p= 0,004); en ese mismo sentido, la edad gestacional (ORa=83,3; p= 0,004). Conclusiones: La incidencia de DBP  en los pretérminos menores de 32 semanas es alta, constituyendo la morbilidad más importante en este grupo, con una mortalidad global significativa asociada. En términos de mortalidad la probabilidad de morir en estos recién nacidos, está explicada por menor edad gestacional (<28 semanas), nivel de hemoglobina más bajo, mayor necesidad de transfusiones, y la presencia de choque séptico. Palabras claves: Morbilidad; Mortalidad; Pretérminos; Neonatos (Fuente DeCS).
La mujer en medicina: la normalización de una discriminación oculta
Authors: Vargas-Acevedo Catalina
Published: August 2022

Para una mujer en medicina, así como en muchas otras áreas, su desarrollo académico o profesional parece ser dependiente, o más bien excluyente, de su capacidad reproductiva y su «condición de mujer». A pesar de mayor representación en el campo por géneros históricamente discriminados, sigue existiendo una brecha de género al evaluar la presencia de mujeres en altos cargos dentro de la red hospitalaria y académica, así como la brecha salarial persistente entre mujeres y hombres en medicina. Es por esto, que existe una discriminación que yace por debajo de la superficie. Una discriminación oculta, disimulada dentro de la jerga, dentro del día a día que evita que incluso nosotras la veamos y que hemos, por tanto, normalizado. Este sesgo de género no afecta únicamente el clima laboral ni discrimina únicamente a las mujeres médicas, sino que también afecta la atención a pacientes y, por ende, los desenlaces en salud.
Percepción de la experiencia académica teórica de los residentes de especialidades médico-quirúrgicas durante la pandemia por COVID-19 en un hospital universitario de alta complejidad
Authors: Galvis Navarrete Silvia Helena , Grueso Angulo Reinaldo , Torregrosa Almonacid Lilian
Published: August 2022

La pandemia por COVID-19 generó profundos cambios en los procesos de aprendizaje y de educación médica. Estos cambios fueron facilitados, en muchos de los casos, por herramientas de aprendizaje virtual. Sin duda alguna estas herramientas fueron de gran ayuda para garantizar la continuidad de los procesos de aprendizaje, sin embargo, es innegable que constituyen una alternativa que no reemplaza la adquisición de habilidades en los escenarios clínicos. Estos cambios adquieren un mayor significado cuando hablamos de los escenarios de práctica clínica en hospitales, debido principalmente a las restricciones generadas por la pandemia, donde el acceso a pacientes y procedimientos quirúrgicos se vieron significativamente afectados o disminuidos.  Esta diminución tuvo un impacto directo sobre el proceso de formación de los residentes de especialidades médico-quirúrgicas a nivel mundial. En este sentido, surgió la necesidad de conocer la percepción de los residentes de las diferentes especialidades médico-quirúrgicas, frente a los cambios generados por la pandemia por COVID-19 en su formación académica. Se realizó una encuesta a los residentes del Hospital Universitario San Ignacio para conocer su percepción. En este artículo exponemos la experiencia de un hospital universitario de alta complejidad, el cual es escenario de practica de más de 30 programas de especialidades médicas.
Perspectivas Bioéticas frente a la Noción de Obligatoriedad de la Vacuna para SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Pedraza Galvis Margarita
Published: August 2022

Introducción: En diciembre del 2019 el SARS-Cov-2 fue detectado en Wuhan (China), el cual se asoció principalmente a cuadros severos de dificultad respiratoria. La pandemia fue declarada en marzo del 2020, la cual hasta el momento ha cobrado más dos millones de vidas. (1) Al inicio del 2021 se inició la vacunación en las principales ciudades del mundo, estrategia que generó grandes controversias frente a la posibilidad de aplicación obligatoria en la población. Objetivo: abordar los aspectos éticos más relevantes de la noción de obligatoriedad de la vacuna contra el Covid-19, y aportar elementos para el análisis bioético sobre esta medida. Metodología: Búsqueda amplia de la literatura en las principales bases de datos y análisis hermenéutico. Resultados: Se encontraron 10 documentos relacionados con aspectos éticos frente a la vacunación obligatoria. Análisis de diversas perspectivas bioéticas en favor y en contra de la inmunización. Conclusión: En favor de la noción optativa de la vacunación existen importantes razones bioéticas para considerar el respeto a los principios de autonomía, no maleficencia, de responsabilidad y agencia. Frente a la vacunación en pandemia debe considerarse la información y la educación como una de las estrategias más importantes para la adherencia a esta medida de salud pública.
Relación entre la disminución del estrés académico y la práctica yoga en estudiantes de las áreas de la salud. Revisión de la literatura.
Authors: Escobar Domingo María José , Piedrahita Yusti Isabela , Becerra Lina , Moreno Freddy , Ortega José Guillermo , Moreno Correa Sandra
Published: August 2022

Los estudiantes de salud presentan altos niveles de estrés ante las exigencias académicas, lo que impacta negativamente en su salud y su desempeño académico. Debido a que el estrés afecta el funcionamiento fisiológico de diferentes procesos metabólicos, hormonales e inmunológicos, se han implementado estrategias para hacerle frente, de allí que el objetivo de esta revisión de la literatura consistió en identificar la relación que existe entre la disminución del estrés acádemico y la práctica yoga en estudiantes de las áreas de la salud. Para ello, se realizó una búsqueda sistemátizada de la literatura, mediante la declaración PRISMA, en la base bibliográfica Medline a través del uso de los descriptores en salud “stress” y “yoga”. Después de la identificación, selección y elección, fueron incluidos 18 artículos en la discusión. Se concluyó que la práctica de yoga disminuye el estrés percibido en la medida que aumenta el bienestar físico y mental.
Changes in the Academic Motivation and Satisfaction with Studies of Pre-Service Physical Education Teachers during the Study Period
Authors: Poteliūnienė Sniegina , Emeljanovas Arūnas , López Sánchez Guillermo F.
Published: August 2022

The study describes and explores how the academic motivation and satisfaction of pre-service physical education (PE) teachers change during the study period and how autonomous and controlled academic motivation is related to student satisfaction with academic studies. For data collection, questionnaire surveys were used. The Academic Motivation Scale (AMS) and The Course Experience Questionnaire (CEQ) were applied. Repeated cross-sectional studies design at regular intervals was also used in this research. Data were collected four times during PE students’ study period in four Lithuanian universities. The samples were distributed according to the study year: first-year n = 84, second-year n = 72, third-year n = 59, fourth-year n = 44 students. The analysis of the data showed that students’ academic motivation and satisfaction with studies changed during the study period. Both autonomous and controlled academic motivation indicators have relationships of similar strength with the same subscales of satisfaction with studies. The research results obtained provide a better understanding of the change in students’ academic motivation regarding students’ perceptions of the academic environment revealed through student study satisfaction.
Hybrid Positioning Approach for Context-Aware Indoor Navigation of Visually Impaired People
Authors: Rathnayake Sachintha M. , Wimalaratne Prasad , Silva Chathurika S.
Published: August 2022

Indoor localization for visually impaired persons is an open research problem, and individual localization approaches have failed to provide accurate results in the literature. Therefore, this paper presents a context-aware navigation approach for visually impaired persons using a hybrid localization approach. The proposed approach consists of four main modules, indoor localization, context detection, wayfinding, and feedback. The hybrid localization approach is based on the geomagnetic fields and Bluetooth low energy (BLE). Contextual information such as nearby locations and landmarks were obtained using geolocation-based augmented reality with a pre-deployed map and point of interest (POI). Voice and tactile were used to give feedback. Usability evaluation of the overall proof of concept (POC) prototype has shown promising results in context detection, wayfinding, and navigation. The average distance error of the hybrid localization algorithm has given an average 2.72 m distance error. Evaluation of the way findings give the average hit rate is 75.19%, and the miss rate is 24.81%. Usability evaluation results show that the proposed algorithm improves the context-awareness of the visually impaired indoor navigation.
Unsteady Analysis of Aeroengine Intake Distortion Mechanisms: Vortex Dynamics in Crosswind Conditions
Authors: Rao Anirudh Narayan , Sureshkumar Prathiban , Stapelfeldt Sina , Lad Bharat , Lee Kuen-Bae , Rico Ricardo Puente
Published: August 2022

The formation of a ground vortex and its ingestion into an aero-engine intake under crosswind conditions play a significant role in the aerodynamic excitation of the fan. Using steady and unsteady numerical simulations, an analysis of the dynamics of several distortion features is presented. For a simplified intake at high crosswind velocities, there is a substantial movement of the ingested ground vortex at the aerodynamic interface plane (AIP). The ingested ground vortex follows a specific trajectory while varying both in size and strength. The transition from a periodic to an aperiodic regime of the intake distortion at the AIP occurs as the crosswind velocity is increased. Circumferential mode decomposition shows that the largest amplitude of the distortion occurs at the first circumferential mode, and the amplitudes of the higher modes decrease monotonically. Furthermore, the amplitude of the spatial harmonics is time-dependent, which may be an influential feature at the time of assessing fan forced response.
Data-Driven Prediction of Complex Flow Field Over an Axisymmetric Body of Revolution Using Machine Learning
Authors: Panda J. P. , Warrior H. V.
Published: August 2022

Computationally efficient and accurate simulations of the flow over axisymmetric bodies of revolution (ABR) have been an important desideratum for engineering design. In this article, the flow field over an ABR is predicted using machine learning (ML) algorithms (e.g., random forest (RF), artificial neural network (ANN), and convolutional neural network (CNN)) using trained ML models as surrogates for classical computational fluid dynamics (CFD) approaches. The data required for the development of the ML models were obtained from high fidelity Reynolds stress transport model (RSTM)-based simulations. The flow field is approximated as functions of x and y coordinates of locations in the flow field and the velocity at the inlet of the computational domain. The optimal hyperparameters of the trained ML models are determined using validation. The trained ML models can predict the flow field rapidly and exhibit orders of magnitude speedup over conventional CFD approaches. The predicted results of pressure, velocity, and turbulence kinetic energy are compared with the baseline CFD data. It is found that the ML-based surrogate model predictions are as accurate as CFD results. This investigation offers a framework for fast and accurate predictions for a flow scenario that is critically important in engineering design.