bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparison of Asthma Control Test and GINA based assessment in Nepalese population: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Dhungana Ashesh , Lamichhane Buddhi Sagar , Shrestha Prajowl , Shrestha Deepa Kumari , Niroula Deepa
Published: September 2024

Introduction: Asthma has a high age adjusted mortality in low- and middle-income countries like Nepal, which is preventable. Asthma control test (ACT) and GINA based assessment are the two most used tools to monitor effectiveness of the treatment. Utility these tools have not been evaluated in patients with asthma in Nepal.
Objective: This study aims to compare the agreement between ACT and GINA assessment tools in Nepalese population.
Methods: In a cross-sectional observational study, patients aged more than 18 years diagnosed as asthma at least three months prior were included. Active smokers and those with concomitant other respiratory disorder were excluded. ACT translated to native Nepali language was self-administered by the patient. GINA assessment of asthma control was recorded by the physician. Patients were classified as having well controlled, partially controlled and poorly controlled asthma by using both the tools. Spearman’s correlation coefficient was used to evaluate the agreement between the ACT and GINA based classification.
Results: A total of 56 patients were included into the study. The mean age was 39 ± 12 years and the median duration of symptoms was 39.5 (IQR = 25.5-53.5) months. Using the GINA recommended asthma control tool, the number of patients with well controlled, partially controlled and poorly controlled asthma were 21 (38%), 24 (43%) and 11 (20%) respectively. Using the ACT scores, 35 (63%), 11 (20%) and 10 (18%) patients had well, partially, and poorly controlled asthma respectively. Both ACT and GINA score had a good agreement in classifying poorly controlled asthma. ACT and GINA scores had a weak positive yet statistically significant correlation (Spearman’s rho= 0.752, p= 0.019).
Conclusions: ACT and GINA based assessment tools have good agreement to identify poorly controlled asthma in patients with asthma in Nepal.
Varicella Pneumonia in Young Adult Male: A Case Report
Authors: Uprety Augraj , Pantha Srijan , Gurung Kum Bahadur , Aryal Prakash , Timsina Anup , Mandal Dipesh , Yadav Krishna Chandra , Shah Nensi , Yadav Dipendra , Pandey Prajwal , Dahal Sweta , Shahi Rejina , Mishra Deebya Raj , Bhatta Narendra
Published: September 2024

Varicella infection is a common disease in pediatric age group but is uncommon in adult. Varicella pneumonia is the dreaded complication in these patients leading to mortality, which is more pronounced in adult patients. This is a case report of a young adult male, presenting with Varicella pneumonia in severe hypoxic respiratory failure, which was successfully managed with oxygen therapy, acyclovir, and steroids.
Peer Coaching as a Strategy for Teachers’ Professional Development
Authors: धमला Dhamala बद्रीप्रसाद Badri Prasad
Published: September 2024

This study explores the English language teachers’ practices of peer coaching as a strategy for their professional development. Peer coaching is a strategy where one or more teachers from a partnership with one another for the purpose of collaboration and it also provides professional development. For this study, a sample of forty secondary and lower-secondary level teachers of English were selected from twenty schools in the Okhaldhunga district using purposive sampling procedures. Two English teachers from twenty schools were selected. A questionnaire was used that also included open-ended questions. Fifteen closed - ended and six open – ended questionnaires were used to collect required data. Teachers strongly agreed that peer coaching reduces the sense of isolation. They viewed that peer coaching is a procedure in which two teachers collaborate to help one or both to improve English language problems.
Financial Literacy of the Undergraduate Students at the College of Hilly Region in Nepal: A Case of Okhaldunga Campus
Authors: थेबे Thebe टिका Tika
Published: September 2024

This study aims to evaluate the status of financial literacy of the undergraduate students of the campus situated in a hilly region of Nepal taking into consideration of 108 students as the convenient sample respondents among from the 459 students studying at the Okaldhunga Campus, Okaldhunga. The data collected through face-to-face manner and structured Google form of questionnaire and analyzed with the help of descriptive statistics indicates that the undergraduate students did not differ by gender in respect to their level of financial knowledge. However, younger, higher-income earners, and management students demonstrated comparatively higher level of financial knowledge than their counterparts. In terms of financial behavior, respondents predominantly adopt moderate spending habits and prioritize saving for future security, commonly depositing savings into bank accounts and using additional income for fixed deposits. Most respondents track their expenses at least occasionally, with the primary motivation for saving being to create a safety net for emergencies. Regarding financial influence, many students rely on family and social media for guidance on managing their money, and parents are often the primary decision[1]makers for finances in many households.
Five Years Without the INF Treaty: Lessons and Prospects
Authors:   Research Fellow, Institute for International Studies, Department of International Relations and Foreign Policy of Russia, MGIMO University, Chekov Alexander D.
Published: September 2024

Raising the question of systemic arms control, especially between the United States and Russia, would look far-fetched today. However, tacit self-limitation on the number of deployed ground-based missiles seems achievable.
RISK MANAGEMENT IN THE REAL ESTATE SECTOR
Authors:   Kuban State University, SHEVCHENKO I.V. , PETRICHENKO D.G. ,   Kuban State University
Published: September 2024

The article discusses the process of risk management in the real estate sector. The results of application of a hi-erarchical modeling system in real estate management sector are presented. The purpose of the study is to develop a methodological approach to risk assessment in situational management and a scientifically sound choice of investment projects in the real estate sector.
MODELS OF PRICE DISCRIMINATION: THEORY AND PRACTICE
Authors:   Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, PRONIK M.V. , TROSHCHENKOV K.A. ,   Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation
Published: September 2024

The article is devoted to the analysis of the development of price discrimination through time, on the basis of which the forecast of its further manifestation in the era of digitalization is made. The scientific research is based on both scientific publications made by economic theory practitioners and statistical historical data with reference to the subject of the paper which is price discrimination. New possible areas of development are identified. The research topic is a source of increasing profits and increasing the demand and supply of goods and services.
Analysis of Wedge Angle Variations in the Treatment Planning System Based on Dose Volume Histogram on Ca Mammae Sinistra
Authors: Nurjannah Sri , Robert Janssen Stevenly  , Kadek Subagiada  , Erlinda Ratnasari Putri
Published: September 2024

Breast cancer ranks first in terms of the highest number of cancers in Indonesia and is one of the first contributors to cancer deaths. According to IARC, radiotherapy is one of the most important modalities in the treatment of breast cancer. Radiotherapy is a type of treatment that uses ionizing radiation to kill cancer cells without damaging surrounding healthy tissue. To obtain an even or homogeneous dose distribution on an uneven skin surface, a wedge is used so that the radiation given to the tumor area is truly optimal and the surrounding healthy tissue receives a minimum dose. This research was carried out by evaluating the Planning Target Volume (PTV) value based on ICRU-83 and dose distribution in Organs at Risk (OAR) based on QUANTEC standards at four different wedge angles, namely 15°, 30°, 45°, and 60°, used the 3D-CRT technique of tangential radiation with a dose of 50 Gy in 25 fractions on 5 left-sided breast cancer patients. The research results showed that the average Homogeneity Index (HI) values for the 15°, 30°, 45° and 60° wedges were 0.286, 0.346, 0.436 and 0.578, respectively. In the left and right lung dose distribution, the results obtained for the 15°, 30°, 45°, and 60° wedge were respectively 2231.4 and 116.2 cGy, 2257.8 and 114.6 cGy, 2141 and 100 cGy, and 2059.4 and 88.8 cGy. For the average dose distribution to the heart, the values obtained at the 15°, 30°, 45°, and 60° wedges were 2005.6 cGy, 2040.4 cGy, 1930.6 cGy, and 1844.4 cGy, respectively. where the average dose received by OAR is still below the limit allowed by QUANTEC. Using a wedge angle of 15° provides a homogeneous dose distribution for the PTV and a wedge angle of 60° provides the lowest dose distribution for the OAR.
Analisis Sentimen Berbasis Aspek Kinerja Polri Menggunakan SVM dengan Pendekatan POS Tagging
Authors: Sanjaya I Gede Ary Suta , Candiasa I Made , Dewi Luh Joni Erawati
Published: September 2024

Beragam opini masyarakat terkait kinerja POLRI terus bermunculan pada media sosial Twitter. Analisis sentimen dilakukan untuk mengetahui kecenderungan sentimen opini masyarakat dan aspek kinerja yang dibahas pada opini tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aspek kinerja yang dibahas pada data tweet dan sentimen data tweet berdasarkan aspek kinerja POLRI. POS Tagging digunakan sebagai klasifikasi aspek kinerja POLRI yang meliputi “penanganan kejahatan”, “kecepatan respon”, “interaksi terhadap masyarakat”, dan “tidak beraspek”, serta metode Support Vector Machine (SVM) sebagai proses klasifikasi sentimen “positif”, “negatif”, dan “netral”. Proses POS Tagging dilakukan menggunakan metode Conditional Random Field (CRF), melalui teknik Bio-Tags dengan melabelkan aspek kinerja berdasarkan koleksi kata yang mencerminkan klasifikasi aspek kinerja. Pemodelan klasifikasi sentimen berdasarkan aspek kinerja POLRI dibangun dengan metode SVM. Diperoleh 1103 tweet melalui API Twitter dalam kurun waktu Januari 2023 sampai Oktober 2023 sebagai dataset awal, yang dibagi menjadi 80% data training dan 20% data testing. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan model klasifikasi sentimen berbasis aspek kinerja menggunakan SVM dengan pendekatan POS Tagging memperoleh akurasi sebesar 81%, presisi sebesar 83%, recall sebesar 81%, dan F1-score sebesar 81%.Penggunaan metode klasifikasi machine learning lainnya, kontinuitas penggunaan data awal, dan pengembangan aspek yang dianalisis dapat menjadi saran untuk pengembangan penelitian kedepannya.
Penggunaan Jaccard Similarity Coefficient dalam Optimasi Proses Rekrutmen Karyawan Berbasis Profil dan Kompetensi
Authors: Siregar Ivan Michael , Pratama Daniel , Himawan Cindy
Published: September 2024

Rekrutmen karyawan yang efektif sangat penting untuk menemukan karyawan yang tepat sesuai kebutuhan perusahaan. Salah satu cara untuk mencapainya adalah dengan menggunakan algoritma yang bisa mengidentifikasi kandidat potensial berdasarkan kompetensi yang dibutuhkan. Meski ada berbagai metode untuk mengefisiensikan rekrutmen, seperti penyaringan resume dan optimasi iklan lowongan, belum banyak penelitian yang fokus pada metode berbasis kemiripan untuk mengurangi subjektivitas. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengembangkan model Machine Learning menggunakan Jaccard similarity coefficient untuk menentukan kandidat potensial berdasarkan kesamaan profil dan kompetensi dengan karyawan yang ada. Model ini terdiri dari tiga tahap: pertama, mengidentifikasi karyawan dan kandidat dengan keahlian sesuai kebutuhan; kedua, menggunakan Jaccard similarity coefficient untuk menghitung skor kemiripan profil dan mengelompokkan mereka; ketiga, menghitung skor kemiripan kompetensi dan memprediksi kandidat yang lolos. Hasil menunjukkan akurasi 75%, presisi 71%, recall 62%, dan f1 score 67%, dengan stabilitas terbaik pada dataset 509 karyawan. Akurasi 75% menunjukkan bahwa model dapat memprediksi kandidat yang tepat dengan tingkat ketepatan 75%, cukup baik untuk mengurangi subjektivitas, meningkatkan efisiensi, dan membantu perusahaan menemukan kandidat terbaik.
Optimización empresarial mediante big data para la personalización de estrategias en pymes: una revisión narrativa
Authors: Ramírez Zarama Daniel
Published: September 2024

Introducción: Este artículo examina el impacto de big data en la personalización de estrategias en pymes, destacando su importancia para prever las preferencias de los clientes y mejorar la personalización de productos y servicios. Sin embargo, las pymes enfrentan desafíos significativos que deben abordarse para maximizar estos beneficios. Metodología: Se realizó una revisión bibliográfica utilizando la base de datos de Scopus, enfocándose en estudios que abordan la implementación y uso de big data en pymes, publicados en inglés y español. Resultados: La revisión identificó desafíos como altos costos de implementación, falta de habilidades técnicas, problemas de privacidad y resistencia al cambio. Se propusieron soluciones prácticas como el uso de soluciones en la nube, programas de capacitación, colaboración con instituciones educativas y estrategias robustas de gestión de datos. Las estrategias de personalización basadas en big data mejoran la eficiencia operativa, la toma de decisiones y la sostenibilidad a largo plazo de las pymes. Discusión: A pesar de los desafíos, existen oportunidades sustanciales para que las pymes optimicen sus procesos mediante big data. El respaldo ejecutivo, la formación pertinente y el acceso a tecnologías apropiadas son claves para la adopción de big data. Se recomienda futuras investigaciones empíricas y longitudinales, explorando enfoques interdisciplinarios que incluyan la psicología del consumidor y la economía digital.
Exploración del silencio en la comunicación
Authors: López Gutiérrez Ángel , Arroyo Paniagua Juan José
Published: September 2024

Introducción: El silencio es vital en la comunicación humana pues va más allá de la ausencia de sonido para expresar respeto, atención y comprensión. Es visto como una forma de escucha activa que promueve un compromiso más profundo y fortalece la relación entre personas. A pesar de las ideas erróneas que relacionan el silencio con la ruptura de la comunicación, se trata de una parte esencial en el proceso comunicativo. Metodología: Este artículo explora la importancia del silencio en la interacción humana, examinando sus aplicaciones y cambios en diferentes contextos. Resultados: A través de ejemplos, el estudio muestra cómo el silencio es una herramienta potente en la comunicación verbal y no verbal. Al incorporar el silencio a las estrategias de la comunicación, los individuos pueden mostrar una mayor precisión y autenticidad en sus intercambios de mensajes. Conclusión: La investigación subraya cómo el silencio fomenta la comprensión y las conexiones entre las conversaciones, destacando su versatilidad e importancia para promover interacciones genuinas. Discusión: En última instancia, el artículo afirma la multifacética función del silencio en la comunicación, subrayando su papel a la hora de ayudar a establecer conexiones significativas y auténticas entre las personas.
Civic Friendship, Capabilities and Affiliation
Authors: Miloš Ana Gavran , Zelič Nebojša
Published: September 2024

In The New Religious Intolerance, Martha Nussbaum addresses rising intolerance and fear of difference in contemporary societies. She suggests overcoming these issues through ethical consistency, equality, and the cultivation of sympathetic imagination. Nussbaum views this imaginative engagement as a form of civic friendship essential for societal transformation. However, we argue that her concept of civic friendship is problematic. First, Nussbaum's criteria do not suffice to define friendship. Second, this thin concept of civic friendship is unlikely to achieve the societal transformation Nussbaum envisions. We propose developing a more substantive account of civic friendship. This paper aims to create an Aristotelian account of civic friendship within a capabilitarian framework compatible with contemporary, plural societies.
Innovation of Custom-Made Silicone Insoles for Diabetic Patients
Authors: Maqbool Asra , Shah Saleh , Saleem Saad , - Laraib
Published: September 2024

Diabetic foot ulcers, caused by diabetes-related nerve and blood vessel damage, can lead to amputations. Silicone insoles help prevent ulcers but are often expensive. Affordable, customized insoles are available, making prevention more accessible. This research aims to create affordable, locally manufactured silicone insoles for diabetic foot ulcers, reducing costs and improving accessibility. A six-month study at the Pakistan Rehabilitation Center assessed the quality of life in diabetic foot ulcer patients using the Foot Health Status Questionnaire (FHSQ). After four weeks of using silicone insoles, participants experienced significant improvements in foot health, pain relief, and mobility. They reported easier daily tasks and enhanced social interaction. Over four weeks, silicone insoles greatly improved foot health, reduced pain, and enhanced daily functioning and social interaction. The degree of improvement varied according to the initial severity of participants' conditions
Analyzing the Russo-Ukrainian Conflict: Geopolitical Insecurities of Russia and Their Consequences in Eurasia
Authors: Ikram Muhammad Naseeb , Saeed Faizan , Ali Abdullah Amjad
Published: September 2024

This research delves into the geographical and historical factors underpinning the Russia-Ukraine war, exploring Russia's expansive strategies and the role of geography in its foreign policy. It highlights the conflict's extensive implications across the Eurasian region, manifesting in crises like global food and energy shortages, and shifting geopolitical alliances. By examining Russia's defensive maneuvers against Western influences, the study offers insights into the complex dynamics of regional security, the motivations behind Russia's foreign policies, and the broader impacts of the war on global stability. Recommendations focus on diplomatic resolutions to mitigate the conflict's repercussions.
Malady of the Mind: Mapping Dimensions of Mental Disorder through Narratological Lens in Jonathan Rosen’s The Best Minds
Authors: Chuhan Nida Amjad , Qureshi Sidra Nasir , Khan Abdul Bari
Published: September 2024

This paper proffers mapping Mental Disorders by employing a narratological lens in Jonathan Rosen's The Best Minds: A Story of Friendship, Madness, and the Tragedy of Good Intentions focusing on the volatility of emotions, malady of mental disorder through the spectrum of narratology and positing conundrum to the mind. It emphasizes how the mechanism of storytelling mirrors the intricacies of mental disorders in myriad ways. The study involves interdisciplinary techniques combining the psychological theories of Marsha Linehan and Otto Kernberg with relation to literary analysis embodying narratological elements. A narratology is an imperative tool in Literature for shaping psychological representations. It analyzes how the mental disorder is intertwined into the narrative depicting the thematic undertones, structure of plot development, and shaping the identities of the characters. The research encompasses a broader discourse to bridge the gap between the psychological underpinnings of mental disorders and their literary insights.
الإصلاح الإنتخابي لمجالس الهيئات المحلية في فلسطين: التحديات والثغرات والسيناريوهات
Authors: علاونه محمود
Published: September 2024

إن السعي لتطوير الإطار القانوني الذي يحكم العمليات الانتخابية ضروري لكي تستجيب العمليات الانتخابية لطموحات الأطراف المعنية وأهمها الناخبون. وحتى يتحقق ذلك، يجب أن تقوم عملية الإصلاح على غايات أساسية أهمها، تعزيز الحقوق الانتخابية للمواطنين وتكريس المبادئ التوجيهية مثل: الحياد، الشمولية، الشفافية، النزاهة والدقة، وجعل العملية الانتخابية أكثر سلاسة ونجاحاً. غير أنه وفي الممارسة، قد تتحول عملية الإصلاح إلى فرص للتغيير، قد ينتهزها متخذي القرار—لتقوية حظوظهم في الوصول إلى السلطة—وبالتالي تؤدي إلى نتائج عكسية. لذا، ولتقليص هذه المخاطر، من المستحسن أن تقوم أطراف محايدة باقتراح الإصلاحات الانتخابية بناء على تقييم موضوعي وتقني، يكون الغاية منه الأهداف المبينة أعلاه. وفي إطار التشجيع على هذا النوع من المقاربات، قامت المؤسسة الدولية للديمقراطية والانتخابات بدعم عدة مبادرات للإصلاح الانتخابي، وأهمها المبادرة التي قادتها اللجنة المركزية بفلسطين والمتمثلة في وضع تقييم للإطار المنظم لانتخابات المجالس المحلية، والتي تمثلت في تحليل كامل الجوانب المتعلقة بالانتخابات المحلية وتقديم مقترحات للإصلاح الانتخابي. وقد تم تقديم هذا التقرير في مطلع أغسطس 2023 لمختلف الأطراف ذات العلاقة بالمسار الانتخابي في فلسطين على أمل مواصلة النقاش حول المسائل الانتخابية الواجب إصلاحها، غير أن هذا المسار توقف بعد 7 أكتوبر 2023.
SYNTHESIS, CHARACTERIZATION OF 2-[(Z)-{[6-AMINO-2-(4- CHLOROPHENYL) PYRIMIDIN-4-YL] IMINO} METHYL]-4- NITROPHENOL SCHIFF BASE WITH Mn (II), Co (II), Ni (II), Cu (II), Zn (II), Pt (II) FOR THEIR NANOPARTICLE AND ANTIBACTERIAL STUDIES
Authors: G. Kapade Manisha , P. Batawale Pooja , M. Raut Uttara , V. Lokhande Manohar
Published: September 2024

The green synthesis of novel 2-[(Z)-{[6-amino-2-(4-chlorophenyl) pyrimidin-4-yl] imino} methyl]-4- nitrophenol Schiff base complexes with Mn 2+ , Co2+, Ni2+, Cu2+, Zn2+ and Pt2+ was successfully synthesized. These synthesized materials underwent thorough characterization using various analytical and physicochemical techniques, including elemental analysis, molar conductivity, magnetic susceptibility, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, Electron spin resonance (ESR), Electronic spectra, Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Mass spectrometry, and X-ray powder diffraction. The results show that the Pt2+ and Ni2+ complexes exhibit octahedral geometry, while all other complexes adopt a square planar geometry. The ESR spectral data provided insights into their structures and the degree of covalency. Additionally, SEM and TEM studies showed that the synthesized nanoparticles have sizes ranging from 19-32 nm, with spherical granules. Furthermore, Schiff base and their metal ion complexes were tested for their anti-microbial activities.
A Fault Tolerance Method for Control Systems with Full or Partial Fault Decoupling
Authors:   Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia, Zhirabok A. N. ,   Institute of Marine Technology Problems, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok, Russia, Filaretov V. F. ,   Institute of Automation and Control Processes, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok, Russia, Zuev A. V. ,   Institute of Marine Technology Problems, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok, Russia, Shumsky A. E. ,   Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia
Published: September 2024

This paper considers technical systems described by nonlinear dynamic models. The fault tolerance property of such systems is ensured by introducing feedback with full or partial fault decoupling. The solution is based on separating a subsystem insensitive or minimally sensitive to faults and its subsequent analysis. For this purpose, a logical-dynamic approach is used, which operates only linear algebra methods. An illustrative practical example is provided.
Quantity Conjectural Variations in Oligopoly Games under Different Demand and Cost Functions and Multilevel Leadership
Authors:   Samara University, Samara, Russia, Geraskin M. I.
Published: September 2024

This paper considers a noncooperative game of quantity competition among firms in an oligopoly market under general demand and cost functions. Each firm’s optimal response to the strategies of other firms is assessed by the magnitude and sign of its conjectural variation, expressing the firm’s expectation regarding the counterparty’s supply quantity change in response to the firm’s unit change in its supply quantity. A game of n firms with the sum of conjectural variations (SCV) regarding all counterparties as the generalized response characteristic is studied. The existence of a bifurcation of the players’ response is revealed; a bifurcation is a strategy profile of the game in which both positive and negative responses are possible with an infinite-magnitude SCV value. Methods are developed for calculating the SCV value under different types of inverse demand functions (linear and power) and cost functions (linear, power, and quadratic), and the impact of these characteristics of firms on the bifurcation state is comparatively analyzed.
“Pitfalls” of Bio-Inspired Models on the Example of Ant Trails
Authors:   HSE University, Moscow, Russia, Karpova I. P. , Karpov V. E. ,   National Research Centre “Kurchatov Institute”, Moscow, Russia
Published: September 2024

This paper explores the problem of influencing the environment by a group of autonomous robots through the creation and use of road infrastructure. The model object is ant roads (trails). We identify the main aspects of the behavior of different ant species in the process of collective foraging, and actions that together lead to the appearance of a phenomenon that the observer perceives as an ant road. We develop and describe an animat behavior model in the process of arranging a route. We define a list of mechanisms, a set of sensory capabilities, and effectors that are necessary for the robot to implement options for arranging the route. The results of simulation modeling for solving the foraging problem with route clearing are consistent with theoretical models. The simulation results confirm our assumption that the route arrangement can be carried out by individual efforts of animats (robots) and without the need to organize joint actions.
On the 100th birthday anniversary of Galina Aleksandrovna Zolotova
Authors: Onipenko Nadezhda K. , Nikitina Elena N.
Published: September 2024

The authors of the paper remember their teacher, professor Galina Aleksandrovna Zolotova (1924–2020) with love and gratitude and value her linguistic heritage. The article analyzes her contribution to modern Russian studies. Semantics as a part of syntax was the main principle of G. A. Zolotova’s linguistic method who was the author of the concept of functional-communicative grammar. Because of the syntheticism in her thinking, she was able to explore syntactic units and objects of different levels of complexity and volume (syntactic words, word combinations, sentence models, texts), as well as combine syntax and morphology, grammar and text in her linguistic studies. The authors of the paper pay special attention to the ideas of Zolotova, which anticipated their time, and are close to the those, developed much later by linguists of various linguistic directions and movements: the trinity of form-meaning-function of linguistic units, the indirect case of the subject of a sentence, the non-verbalized subject of perception (the figure of the observer), non-verbal predicative constructions, the irreducibility of the meaning of a syntactic whole (construction) to the sum of its parts. The authors of the paper specially trace continuity between the linguistic interests of Academician V. V. Vinogradov and G. A. Zolotova, who remained his devoted student throughout her linguistic activity. As a follower of Vinogradov, she studied the functions of aspect-temporal forms of verb in texts, and introduced the concept of subject perspective of an utterance and a text.
Schulische Förderung der emotionalen und sozialen Entwicklung von Kindern durch Erweiterung spezifischer Lehrkraftkompetenzen
Authors: Wuntke Lena Varuna
Published: September 2024

Zu den größten beruflichen Herausforderungen von Lehrkräften zählt die Förderung von Kindern mit Verhaltensschwierigkeiten. Der deutschsprachige Raum bietet dazu allerdings bislang kaum bewährte Professionalisierungsformate. Im vorliegenden Buch entwickelt und evaluiert die Autorin ein prozessbegleitendes Fortbildungskonzept. Die Ergebnisse geben einen konzeptionellen Rahmen für die Entwicklung zukünftiger Professionalisierungsmaßnahmen und stellen einen wichtigen Beitrag auf dem Weg zu einem inklusiven Bildungssystem dar.
Numerical studies of the distribution capability of a continuous linear strain soil base model for largesized raft foundations
Authors: SAMORODOV Oleksandr , HAVRYLIUK Olha
Published: September 2024

The paper examines the existing methodology for determining the main design parameters of the model in the form of a continuous linearly strained layer of finite distribution capability (the design thickness of the layer H0 and design stress-strain modulus E0) to simulate the adequate interaction between soil bases and large-size slab foundations. The aim of this work is to numerically study the stress-strain state of a uniformly loaded flexible rectangular foundation slab when the thickness of the soil base model layer is reduced in the form of a continuous linearly deformed layer of finite distribution capacity. Numerical studies of the effect of the thickness of the layer of the specified soil base model that interacts with a large-size flexible slab foundation of various rectangular shapes in plan were conducted in the SCAD package using the finite element method. The numerical study results have shown that when the ratio H0/Ha (the design thickness of the layer of the soil base model H0 to the actual compressible thickness of the soil base Ha) decreases, the maximum moment forces along the orthogonal axes of rectangular foundations decrease to 50% because of the decrease in the distribution capability of the soil base model and, accordingly, in the edge reactions R under the slab at equal average settlements of the slab saver. Numerical studies have shown interesting results on the distribution of moment forces in flexible rectangular slabs, where the maximum is outside the center of gravity of a uniformly loaded raft, which confirms the peculiarity of the interaction of flexible slabs with relatively narrow compressible layers under the sole. With an appropriate in-situ experimental justification, the use of the soil base model in the form as a continuous linearly strained layer of finite distribution capability with the design parameters (H0 and E0) rather than with the actual parameters (Ha and Ea) in calculations of large-size slab foundations can be of fundamental practical importance in their rational design, as the reinforcement can be reduced to 50%
Successful Community Infrastructure Risk Management in a Decarbonized Future
Authors: Hay Alexander H.
Published: September 2024

It remains uncertain how a decarbonized economy will function and how organizational roles will need to adapt. Irrespective, the climate is forcing a changing risk context, and organizations and communities are in transition, whether actively engaged or not. Managing the emergent risks is critical to a successful transition and community survival. However, it requires a system of systems view. The asset and function-based investment practice does not reflect value. Community transition is complex and persistent efforts to simplify aspects in isolation and project familiar models based on no-longer-valid assumptions that overcomplicate the calculus no longer suffice. Successful risk management of community transition to a decarbonized future requires a shared understanding of the outcome across all stakeholders to build a sense of ownership and partnership. Each step in that transition must follow a risk-sequenced progression that is measurable and transparent, ideally independently validated. Community transition risk management relies on social capital and delivers enhanced economic benefits. This article advocates an infrastructure systems planning approach instead of an asset-based one.
Diversity in U.S. Governments 1901-2021
Authors: Etzrodt Christian
Published: September 2024

This letter aims to measure the degree of marginalization of minority groups (women, Catholics, Jews, African-Americans, Hispanics, Asians, and other races) in U.S. government administrations from 1901 to 2021. First, I assigned influence values to the government positions based on their relative importance. Then I determined the government officials, which belonged to minority groups. Based on this data a relative influence value for each minority group was calculated for each U.S. administration, which again was divided by the percentage of this subgroup in the total U.S. population in order to gain a measurement of over- and underrepresentation. The result of this study is that not all minorities were marginalized throughout the whole period and that the most underrepresented group in U.S. government administrations were women.
A Mixed Duopoly in the Provision of Payment Services
Authors: Arango-Arango Carlos A. , Betancourt-García Yanneth Rocío
Published: September 2024

In this paper, we study the coexistence of cash and electronic payments introducing some distortions in the payments markets to understand the widespread use of cash, specially in emerging countries. Following Lagos andWright (2005) we model explicitly some frictions in the exchange process considering money as essential. We introduce in this theoretical framework, theft and informality (measured by tax evasion), as factors a ecting cash usage and, therefore competition with an electronic payment method. In this paper, segmentation in the payments market is considered by introducing heterogeneity in the seller's side, assuming di erent levels of productivity to explain the preference for cash or for electronic payments. Considering the above, the provision of the electronic payment platform is modeled under three di erent market structures to identify the e ects of the distortions comparing the results with the social planner solution. In the rst case, the electronic payment platform is provided by a public rm as a free service; in the second case a private monopoly provides the platform at a positive cost, and in the third case the conditions for the existence of a mixed duopoly are derived. The existence of a public provider in the electronic payments market could lead private networks to provide these services at a lower cost than in the monopoly case, increasing the coverage of digital payments and reducing cash usage, which implies gains in social welfare. This paper gives a theoretical basis and key insights to the discussions regarding public provision of new payment services when the market is already served by private suppliers.
Methodology for studying conflicts. Specific features of studying conflicts in the post-Soviet space
Authors:   L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Altybayeva Zh.Ye.
Published: September 2024

Conflicts in the modern world becoming more and more relevant and requires a close expertise from different perspectives. Conflict resolution, peaceful and more importantly legal regulation of the conflict are the main goals, but the way for its achievement relies on detailed research. Additionally, it is crucial to take into consideration the region of the conflict to understand the nature and deep roots of the conflict, otherwise conflict resolution would not be achieved and transfer it to a frozen state. That is why it is necessary to understand the structure of conflicts, its principles and methodology of the research. The author proposes a comprehensive methodology that takes into account these specific features and challenges. This methodology incorporates multi-disciplinary approaches, drawing from political science, sociology, history, and international relations. In conclusion, this article contributes to the ongoing discourse on conflict studies by providing a specialized methodology that addresses the specific challenges presented by conflicts in the post-Soviet space. By recognizing the unique features of this region, researches, policymakers, and analysts can develop more informed strategies for conflict prevention, management, and resolution, ultimately contributing to peace and stability in the post-Soviet space and beyond.
Diminutives with positive and negative connotations in Turkish
Authors:   L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Balabekova N.R.
Published: September 2024

In many grammatical works on the Turkish language, the affixes referred to as "diminutive suffixes" perform various functions beyond simply reducing the size of an object. The aim of this research article is to analyze the semantics of these forms, referred to as "diminutives" in functional grammar. Turkish linguists identify the affixes -CA, -Cık, -cAk, -cAğız, +(X)ç as diminutive suffixes. Kazakh scholars, having uncovered their meanings, have considered them more broadly, not limiting them to just the diminutive function, and have called them "affixes expressing nuances." The task of functional grammar is not only to describe the structure of grammatical constructions but also to reveal their semantics and other functions. As seen from linguistic examples and materials, diminutive suffixes in the Turkish language, in addition to expressing smallness, also perform various emotional-expressive functions, such as conveying affection, endearment, pity, mockery, and so on. Some suffixes have a positive meaning, others a negative one, and some can express both meanings. Therefore, in our article, we used the term "diminutive" rather than "diminutive suffixes" or "affixes expressing nuances." It is also known that in the Turkish language, the functions of diminutives are performed not only by diminutive suffixes but also by possessive and plural affixes. During the course of this work, we will demonstrate, based on linguistic data, that in addition to the diminutive suffixes mentioned above by Turkish scholars, there are other affixes that perform this function. In this article, we will also analyze the meanings of diminutive suffixes in the Turkish language, showing their variants in Old Turkic and other Turkic languages with examples.
Assessment of the Higher Education System of Kazakhstan and Issues of Its Quality Management
Authors:   Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Omarov M.
Published: September 2024

This article compares the systems of local state government and local self-government in Ukraine and the Republic of Kazakhstan. A review of the formation and development of the reform of local self-government and territorial organization of power in Ukraine since 2014 has been carried out. A content analysis of the legal acts of both states is carried out in order to determine the legal status of local state government and local self-government of the two countries. A comparison is made of the main elements of local state government and self-government according to four parameters: administrative-territorial structure, status of local authorities, scope of powers of local authorities, budget system at the local level. The similarities and differences between the systems of the two countries were identified, and the revenue side of the budget of two administrative-territorial units of the 3rd (basic) level with a similar population was compared. The main advantages of one system of local state government and self-government over another are identified. Recommendations for the further development of the system of local government and self-government in Kazakhstan are formulated.
The end of the era of dominance of liberal ideology in the condition of growing challenges
Authors:   Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Duzbaev T.M. , Aliyarov E.K. ,   Kazakhstan center for Humanitarian and Political trends, Nurov M.M. ,   Turan University
Published: September 2024

This article attempts to clarify ideas about ideology – what it is, how it is transmitted, how useful it is for understanding society and how it is used by the political elite. The relevance of ideology for modern politics is also studied. Ideology is a system of certain views, ideas, concepts and concepts held by any class, political party or state. Ideology is always a reflection of the prevailing political trends at the moment. Political debate is widespread in society. Whether we realize it or not, most of us are political scientists at a simple level. In society, citizens are expected to have an opinion on a wide range of issues that either directly as individuals or collectively as citizens affect their lives. Even at a simple, uncomplicated level, we have views on the «right» form of government, the «right» role of government in society, how «democratic» our own political system is, the right level of public spending, and so on. We regularly use these ideological beliefs when we try to make sense of the world. They may be illogical, well-structured, or even consistent, but the opinions and actions of the political elite will refer to these beliefs. Liberalism as an ideology is facing an increasing challenge from other ideologies. The increasing influence of nationalist parties, the growing influence of the Islamic world, the emergence of the second superpower of the PRC, the formation of restrictions and barriers between countries, the military and economic confrontation of Western countries with the Russian Federation reveals new problems in the formation of ideological trends.
Coups, Regional Security Complexes and the Impact of Nigeria’s Peacekeeping in West Africa, 1960–2022
Authors: Frederick Omoyama Odorige
Published: September 2024

Over the years, Africa has continued to experience conflicts caused by civil wars and the tussle for power through military coups. Despite having the Mediation & Security Council within ECOWAS, it has been unable to create sustainable peace within the region. The many porous borders between the countries further exacerbate the complexities of its regional security. The consequences of these problems usually affect neighbouring countries, thereby resulting in regional security complexes and the consequent challenges of peacekeeping operations. This paper uses historical, descriptive and comparative analysis by focusing on coups as precursors to security challenges in the region of West Africa and the resulting peacekeeping operations by countries such as Nigeria. Based on the premise of ECOWAS, it introduces some conflicts caused by coups; the challenges of Regional Security Complex in West Africa and the examination of Nigerian Peacekeeping efforts. Furthermore, it offers some recommendations towards sustainable regional peace. Results show that there is a need for the African Union (AU) to do more to secure the continent. Reliance on non-African countries to support its internal security problems has become counterproductive. It recommends that Nigeria should temporarily suspend its peacekeeping operations and channel its resources towards addressing its internal security challenges; that the AU must establish a standing army as a quick response force to address the various continental crises before they become exponential threats and that ECOWAS should implement its common currency plan. Finally, the African Union must develop best practices that can alleviate poverty and guarantee security in line with the 17 UN Sustainable Development Goals.
Implementasi Dimensi Social Media Marketing Pada Viccostore_Official
Authors: Nurhaniya Anindya Nabila , Junipriansa Donni , Febrianto Noor Ariefandie
Published: September 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui implementasi (1) context, (2) communication, (3) collaboration, dan (4) connection pada akun Instagram @viccostore_official tahun 2024 dengan penelitian kualitatif melalui observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian ini menemukan bahwa implementasi (1) context melalui konten yang berfokus pada produk, (2) communication melalui jawaban yang to the point dengan bahasa yang sederhana, (3) collaboration melalui kerjasama dengan pameran besar, JFC (Jember Fashion Carnaval). dan Pemda Jember, (4) connection melalui pemanfaatan Instagram dan promosi lebaran. Hasil implementasi dimensi social media marketing pada peneleitian ini adalah promosi hampers dan promo lebaran. Pada penelitian ini, implementasi dimensi social media marekting juga telah memenuhi inidkator yang ada pada tiap dimensi. Vicco Java Heritage telah berhasil mengimplementasikan dimensi social media marketing dan indikatornya pada akun @viccostore_official. Dengan adanya penelitian ini diharapkan perusahaan dapat terus membuat konten yang menarik dan interaktif pada akun @viccostore_official dengan memanfaatkan kemudahan fitur yang ada pada aplikasi Instagram.Kata Kunci: Dimensi Social Media Marketing; Instagram
Components of educational and professional adaptation of residents: self-assessment of experience
Authors:   Siberian State Medical University, Igna Olga N. , Ryabova Tatyana V. ,   Kazan State Medical University, Andrei S. Reim Dmitry I. ,   Altai State Medical University, Reim Andrei S. ,   Siberian State Medical University
Published: September 2024

Introduction. The relevance of ensuring the quality of training in residency as the main stage of training highly qualified medical personnel is beyond doubt, but the need for such provision is widely discussed at the level of both theory and practice. Only a combination (addition) of a number of factors can ensure the success of educational and professional adaptation in residency and, accordingly, its quality. The opinion and self-assessment of the data compiled by the residents themselves as full-fledged subjects of the educational and professional process require clarification and consideration. Purpose of the study: having identified and ranked the residents’ assessment of the main factors (components) of their own educational and professional adaptation, compare the assessment data and identify the most “vulnerable” factors that require correction and prevention. Research methods. analysis of domestic and foreign scientific literature revealing issues of training of residents and their adaptation; survey (724 first-year residents from 4 Russian medical universities: Altai (ASMU), Kazan (KSMU), Siberian (SSMU), Tyumen (TSMU)); generalization, ranking and analysis of data based on the results of the survey. Research results. Among the components of the educational and professional adaptation of first-year residents, they especially highly value the presence of awareness of the professional, ethical and deontological values of the doctor, his responsibility to patients, colleagues and satisfaction with training (noted by about 90% of respondents). The level of emotional comfort in residency was rated somewhat lower (“good” and “excellent” by almost 70% of respondents). The degree of independence in making medical decisions at the beginning of residency training is not highly rated (about 40%). One of the solutions to increase these indicators is employment based on internships. At the same time, the overwhelming majority of beginning residents were not ready to make proposals to improve the organization of their training. Conclusion. The most “vulnerable” factor in educational and professional adaptation (according to residents’ self-assessment of their own experience) is their lack of independence in making medical decisions. There are obvious problems in organizing residency training, mainly related to mentoring, which requires a comprehensive study of both the models of this organization and its assessment by all subjects of the educational and professional process in residency.