bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Interdisciplinary Rehabilitation Referrals in a Concussion Clinic Cohort: An Exploratory Analysis
Authors: Vargo Mary M. , Vargo Kevin G. , Gunzler Douglas , Fox Kermit W.
Published: July 2015

Objective

To assess the frequency and spectrum of referrals to rehabilitation disciplines in a concussion clinic population and factors associated with need for referral.

Design

Retrospective study.

Setting

Concussion clinic within the Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Department of an academic medical center.

Participants

Patients receiving physiatric management for concussion care.

Main Outcome Measures

Referral to physical therapy (PT), occupational therapy, speech therapy (ST), neuropsychology, or any referral (Any), and reasons for referral.

Interventions

Demographic and clinical variables were analyzed for possible association with referral to rehabilitation disciplines. These independent variables included mechanism of injury, referral source, age, gender, provider, days since injury, presenting Sports Concussion Assessment Tool 2 (SCAT2) symptom score, insurance type, clinical risk factors, whether the injury was work related and whether the patient had been hospitalized.

Results

Among 262 patients meeting inclusion criteria, the most commonly prescribed individual therapy was physical therapy (74 patients; 28%), followed by speech therapy (60 patients, 23%), neuropsychology (27 patients, 10.3%), and occupational therapy (19 patients, 7.2%). In all, 121 (46%) of patients were referred to one or more disciplines. The most common reasons for referral were cognitive strategies (54 patients, 21%), balance/vestibular therapy (50 patients,19%), and neck pain (32 patients, 12%). Per multivariate logistic regression analysis, covariates associated with PT: age, SCAT2 symptom score, gender, provider, and (inversely) cognitive/learning disorder; ST: time elapsed since injury, gender, and referral source of internal clinic; Any: SCAT2 symptom score. Referrals did not significantly vary by mechanism of injury (sports, fall, vehicular, etc), whether work‐related, or whether the patient had been hospitalized. Insurance factors were significant for PT and Any on the univariate analysis but not logistic regression.

Conclusions

Relatively little has been described about the typical rehabilitation requirements of individuals recovering from concussion. Although rest and guided return to usual activities have been emphasized as mainstays of management, a large number of patients in this concussion cohort were determined to require additional rehabilitation services to assist in recovery.
EPISTEMIC INVARIANTISM AND CONTEXTUALIST INTUITIONS
Authors: Dinges Alexander
Published: July 2015

Epistemic invariantism, or invariantism for short, is the position that the proposition expressed by knowledge sentences does not vary with the epistemic standard of the context in which these sentences can be used. At least one of the major challenges for invariantism is to explain our intuitions about scenarios such as the so-called bank cases. These cases elicit intuitions to the effect that the truth-value of knowledge sentences varies with the epistemic standard of the context in which these sentences can be used. In this paper, I will defend invariantism against this challenge by advocating the following, somewhat deflationary account of the bank case intuitions: Readers of the bank cases assign different truth-values to the knowledge claims in the bank cases because they interpret these scenarios such that the epistemic position of the subject in question differs between the high and the low standards case. To substantiate this account, I will argue, first, that the bank cases are underspecified even with respect to features that should uncontroversially be relevant for the epistemic position of the subject in question. Second, I will argue that readers of the bank cases will fill in these features differently in the low and the high standards case. In particular, I will argue that there is a variety of reasons to think that the fact that an error-possibility is mentioned in the high standards case will lead readers to assume that this error-possibility is supposed to be likely in the high standards case.
Comparative Harm, Creation and Death
Authors: FEIT NEIL
Published: July 2015

Given that a person's death is bad for her,whenis it bad? I defendsubsequentism, the view that things that are bad in the relevant way are bad after they occur. Some have objected to this view on the grounds that it requires us to compare the amount of well-being the victim would have enjoyed, had she not died, with the amount she receives while dead; however, we cannot assign any level of well-being, not even zero, to a dead person. In the population ethics literature, many philosophers have argued along similar lines that bringing someone into existence can neither harm nor benefit her. Working within the comparative framework (on which harms make us worse off), I respond by proposing a good sense in which we can say that dead people, and actual people at alternatives in which they do not exist, have a well-being level of zero.
Prevalence and patterns of antimicrobial resistance among Escherichia coli isolated from Zambian dairy cattle across different production systems
Authors: Mainda Geoffrey , Bessell Paul R. , Muma John B. , McAteer Sean P. , Chase-Topping Margo E. , Gibbons James , Stevens Mark P. , Gally David L. , deC. Bronsvoort Barend M.
Published: July 2015

This study focused on the use of antibiotics on small, medium and commercial-sized dairy farms in the central region of Zambia and its relationship to antibiotic resistance in Escherichia coli. A stratified random sample of 104 farms was studied, representing approximately 20% of all dairy farms in the region. On each farm, faecal samples were collected from a random sample of animals and a standardised questionnaire on the usage of antibiotics was completed. An E. coli isolate was obtained from 98.67% (371/376) of the sampled animals and tested for resistance to six classes of antibiotics. The estimated prevalence of resistance across the different farming systems was: tetracycline (10.61; 95%CI: 7.40–13.82), ampicillin (6.02; 95%CI: 3.31–8.73), sulfamethoxazole/ trimethoprim (4.49; 95%CI: 2.42–6.56), cefpodoxime (1.91; 95%CI: 0.46–3.36), gentamicin (0.89; 95%CI: 0.06–1.84) and ciprofloxacin (0%). Univariate analyses indicated certain diseases, exotic breeds, location, farm size and certain management practices as risk factors for detection of resistance, whereas multivariate analyses showed an association with lumpy skin disease and a protective effect for older animals (>25 months). This study has provided novel insights into the drivers of antibiotic use and their association with antibiotic resistance in an under-studied region of Southern Africa.
The circular RNA Cdr1as, via miR-7 and its targets, regulates insulin transcription and secretion in islet cells
Authors: Xu Huanyu , Guo Sen , Li Wei , Yu Ping
Published: July 2015

Among the identified thousands of circular RNAs (circRNA) in humans and animals, Cdr1as (also known as CiRS-7) was recently demonstrated to act as a powerful miR-7 sponge/inhibitor in developing midbrain of zebrafish, suggesting a novel mechanism for regulating microRNA functions. MiR-7 is abundantly expressed in islet cells, but overexpressing miR-7 in transgenic mouse β cells causes diabetes. Therefore, we infer that Cdr1as expression may inhibit miR-7 function in islet cells, which in turn improves insulin secretion. Here, we show the first characterization of Cdr1as expression in islet cells, which was upregulated by long-term forskolin and PMA stimulation, but not high glucose, indicating the involvement of cAMP and PKC pathways. Remarkably, both insulin content and secretion were significantly increased by overexpression of Cdr1as in islet cells. We further identified a new target Myrip in the Cdr1as/miR-7 pathway that regulates insulin granule secretion and also another target Pax6 that enhances insulin transcription. Taken together, our findings revealed the effects of the strongly interacting pair of Cdr1as/miR-7 on insulin secretion, which may become a new target for improving β cell function in diabetes.
Decoherence of interacting Majorana modes
Authors: Ng H. T.
Published: July 2015

We study the decoherence of Majorana modes of a fermion chain, where the fermions interact with their nearest neighbours. We investigate the effect of dissipation and dephasing on the Majorana modes of a fermionic chain. The dissipative and dephasing noises induce the non-parity- and parity-preserving transitions between the eigenstates of the system, respectively. Therefore, these two types of noises lead to the different decoherence mechanisms. In each type of noise, we discuss the low- and high-frequency regimes to describe the different environments. We numerically calculate the dissipation and dephasing rates in the presence of long-range interactions. We find that the decoherence rate of interacting Majorana modes is different to that of non-interacting modes. We show the examples that the long-range interactions can reduce the decoherence rate. It is advantageous to the potential applications of quantum information processing.
DNA methylation detection with end-to-end nanorod assembly-enhanced surface plasmon resonance
Authors: Li Xuemei , Song Ting , Guo Xilin
Published: July 2015

The Au nanorod (AuNR) assembly-enhanced SPR system coupling with polymerization and nicking reactions was developed for amplified detection of DNA methylation and Dam MTase activity assay.
Optimization of metabolite extraction of human vein tissue for ultra performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance-based untargeted metabolic profiling
Authors: Anwar Muzaffar A. , Vorkas Panagiotis A. , Li Jia V. , Shalhoub Joseph , Want Elizabeth J. , Davies Alun H. , Holmes Elaine
Published: July 2015

Tissue extraction optimization for untargeted metabolic profiling.
Quantifying non-ergodic dynamics of force-free granular gases
Authors: Bodrova Anna , Chechkin Aleksei V. , Cherstvy Andrey G. , Metzler Ralf
Published: July 2015

We demonstrate how non-ergodicity arises in simple mechanistic systems such as force free, dissipative granular gases. This behaviour results from the strong non-stationarity of the process mirrored in the continuous decay of the gas temperature.
Charting the known chemical space for non-aqueous lithium–air battery electrolyte solvents
Authors: Husch Tamara , Korth Martin
Published: July 2015

Li–air batteries are very promising candidates for powering future mobility, but finding a suitable electrolyte solvent for this technology turned out to be a major problem.
Amorphous S-rich S1−xSex/C (x ≤ 0.1) composites promise better lithium–sulfur batteries in a carbonate-based electrolyte
Authors: Li Xiaona , Liang Jianwen , Zhang Kailong , Hou Zhiguo , Zhang Wanqun , Zhu Yongchun , Qian Yitai
Published: July 2015

The low electrochemical utilization of S and fast capacity fading can be effectively diminished by immobilizing sulfur in porous carbon via the interaction of a small amount of selenium in S-rich S1−xSex/C (x ≤ 0.1) composites.
3D liver models on a microplatform: well-defined culture, engineering of liver tissue and liver-on-a-chip
Authors: Yoon No Da , Lee Kwang-Ho , Lee Jaeseo , Lee Sang-Hoon
Published: July 2015

The liver, the largest organ in the human body, is a multi-functional organ with diverse metabolic activities that plays a critical role in maintaining the body and sustaining life.
Rapid early formation and crystal refinement of chemical conversion hopeite coatings induced by substrate sandblasting
Authors: Zhang Xian , Xiao Gui-yong , Zhao Xing-chuan , He Kun , Xu Wen-hua , Lu Yu-peng
Published: July 2015

A relatively uniform banded structure is exhibited on the crystal surface of a coating on sandblasted substrates.
Highly stretchable cell-cultured hydrogel sheet
Authors: Nagamine Kuniaki , Abe Yuina , Kai Hiroyuki , Kaji Hirokazu , Nishizawa Matsuhiko
Published: July 2015

A free-standing cell-cultured hydrogel sheet with stretchability was prepared for anin vitrocellular assay with mechanical stimulation.
Three-dimensional α-Fe2O3/carbon nanotube sponges as flexible supercapacitor electrodes
Authors: Cheng Xiaoping , Gui Xuchun , Lin Zhiqiang , Zheng Yongjia , Liu Ming , Zhan Runze , Zhu Yuan , Tang Zikang
Published: July 2015

The porous, flexible and compressible CNT@Fe2O3 sponges show high specific capacitance (>300 F g−1).
Catalyst-free growth of carbon nanotube arrays directly on Inconel® substrates for electrochemical carbon-based electrodes
Authors: Silva Ricardo Manuel , Bastos Alexandre Cunha , Oliveira Filipe Jose , Conte Donato Ercole , Fan Yafei , Pinna Nicola , Silva Rui Ferreira
Published: July 2015

Vertically aligned carbon nanotubes grown directly onto a metallic substrate without external catalyst can be used as the active electrode material and the current collector, respectively.
Hygrothermal simulation-informed design of mesoporous desiccants for optimised energy efficiency of mixed mode air conditioning systems
Authors: Sarce Thomann Fernando , Hall Matthew R. , Mokaya Robert , Stevens Lee A.
Published: July 2015

This paper describes an optimization technique using hygrothermal numerical modelling to determine an ideal and unknown isotherm in order to inform the design of optimised mesoporous desiccants.
High thermoelectric performance of a defect in α-In2Se3-based solid solution upon substitution of Zn for In
Authors: Cui Jiaolin , Wang Li , Du Zhengliang , Ying Pengzhan , Deng Yuan
Published: July 2015

Successful manipulations of defects raise the carrier concentration and mobility by 1–2 orders of magnitude in Zn-substituted α-In2Se3.
Storage stability of functional chicken meat bullets coated with composite antimicrobial biodegradable films under different packaging conditions
Authors: Rani Richa , Chatli Manish Kumar , Jairath Mohan , Mehta Nitin , Kumar Pavan
Published: July 2015

Storage stability of processed chicken meat bullets (CMB) packaged under different packaging conditions in supplementation with composite antimicrobial biodegradable (CAB) films impregnated with 0.5% (v/v) cinnamaldehyde, a natural antimicrobial, was evaluated. Different treatments such as aerobic (aerobic packaged product, CAB-coated product and aerobic packaging), modified atmosphere packaging (MAP; MAP 50 : 50; CO2 and N2, F-MAP; CAB-coated product and MAP) and vacuum (VAC; vacuum packaged, F-VAC; CAB-coated product and vacuum) are assessed for various physico-chemical (pH, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances number, peroxide value and free fatty acids), microbiological (standard plate count, psychrophiles, coliforms, yeast and moulds, Staphylococci sp.) and sensory quality characteristics at 7-day intervals throughout the storage period of 35 days under refrigerated (4 ± 1°C) conditions. The CMB coated with CAB films under MAP (F-MAP) conditions had significantly (P < 0.05) better value for water activity, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances number, peroxide value and free fatty acids throughout the storage in comparison to the Control (MAP). Standard plate count was significantly (P < 0.05) lower for F-MAP than all other treatments. Staphylococci sp., coliforms, Salmonellae sp., yeast and mould, and psychrophiles were completely absent in CAB-coated products throughout the storage period. All the CAB products had better (P < 0.05) sensory attributes than their respective Controls during storage. Results concluded that the CMB coated in developed CAB films have a storage life of more than 35 days under MAP conditions under refrigerated (4 ± 1°C) conditions with the acceptable physico-chemical, microbiological and sensory quality attributes.
A Tatar interpretation of the battle of Kulikovo Field, 1380: Rustam Nabiev
Authors: Halperin Charles J.
Published: July 2015

Although no contemporary Tatar source presented a Tatar view of the famous battle of Kulikovo Field in 1380 the modern Kazan’ Tatar historian Rustam Nabiev has published a major revisionist reinterpretation of the event based upon what he considers an objective analysis of fourteenth-century Rus'-Tatar history and relations. Nabiev concludes that the battle did not happen at all as narrated in Muscovite literary works of the Kulikovo Cycle. In reality Muscovite Grand Prince Dmitrii Ivanovich did not defeat Emir Mamai on the Don River; instead Dmitrii and his princely retinue participated in the defeat of Mamai by the army of Khan Tokhtamysh in the region of the Northern Donets and Kalka rivers. Nabiev's critique of the Russian national paradigm of the battle has some merit but it overlooks previous Western scholarship which had already made many of the same points, oversimplifies current Russian scholarship about the battle, and arbitrarily manipulates the sources to create a fantastic and fictitious scenario. Even so his views deserve to be refuted on scholarly grounds, not by anad hominemdismissal as a reflection of “Tatar chauvinism.”
Identification and characterization of cytosolic fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase in Euglena gracilis
Authors: Ogawa Takahisa , Kimura Ayako , Sakuyama Harumi , Tamoi Masahiro , Ishikawa Takahiro , Shigeoka Shigeru
Published: July 2015

Euglena gracilis has the ability to accumulate a storage polysaccharide, a β-1,3-glucan known as paramylon, under aerobic conditions. Under anaerobic conditions, E. gracilis cells degrade paramylon and synthesize wax esters. Cytosolic fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase (FBPase) appears to be a key enzyme in gluconeogenesis and position branch point of carbon partitioning between paramylon and wax ester biosynthesis. We herein identified and characterized cytosolic FBPase from E. gracilis. The Km and Vmax values of EgFBPaseIII were 16.5 ± 1.6 μM and 30.4 ± 7.2 μmol min−1 mg protein−1, respectively. The activity of EgFBPaseIII was not regulated by AMP or reversible redox modulation. No significant differences were observed in the production of paramylon in transiently suppressed EgFBPaseIII gene expression cells by RNAi (KD-EgFBPaseIII); nevertheless, FBPase activity was markedly decreased in KD-EgFBPaseIII cells. On the other hand, the growth of KD-EgFBPaseIII cells was slightly higher than that of control cells.
Sustainability in Canadian post-secondary institutions
Authors: Beveridge Dan , McKenzie Marcia , Vaughter Philip , Wright Tarah
Published: July 2015

Purpose

– This paper aims to report on a census of high-level sustainability initiatives at all accredited post-secondary institutions in Canada by documenting the institutions that have undertaken sustainability assessments, have signed one or more sustainability declarations, have sustainability offices or officers or have sustainability policies. The aim was to better understand the broad-scale patterns of commitments by post-secondary institutions to these sustainability initiatives by exploring the interrelationships among them, and with geographic and institutional characteristics.

Design/methodology/approach

– Data were collected on existing high-level sustainability initiatives at Canada’s 220 accredited post-secondary institutions. Patterns in the data were analyzed using exploratory statistical techniques. This paper proposes a sustainability initiative score to help understand the diversity and patterns of sustainability initiative uptake.

Findings

– Institutions located in larger communities, and in British Columbia and Québec, tended to have higher sustainability initiative scores. Institutions in Saskatchewan and the territories had the lowest sustainability initiative scores. It was found that sustainability office(r)s, assessments and policies co-occurred disproportionately, potentially suggesting positive reinforcement mechanisms. On the other hand, having signed a declaration was not strongly linked to other sustainability initiatives. Terminological preference had shifted from “environment” and “sustainable development” to “sustainability”.

Research limitations/implications

– The scope was limited to a discrete set of high-level sustainability initiatives appropriate for a nation-wide census, at a moment in time, and is therefore not exhaustive in subject or temporal extent. This broad-scale comparative analysis compels further study into the relationship between the sustainability policy environment and sustainability practices on the ground, as well as implications for how post-secondary institutions engage with sustainability. The patterns and interrelationships this paper discovered help to structure future critical and comparative in-depth analyses of sustainability policies and practices within post-secondary education.

Originality/value

– Almost no extensive, comparative empirical studies of sustainability policy and practice in post-secondary institutions exist. This void is addressed by documenting and analyzing high-level sustainability initiatives across all accredited post-secondary institutions in Canada.
Do, but don’t tell
Authors: Hart Timothy A. , Fox Corey J. , Ede Kenneth F. , Korstad John
Published: July 2015

Purpose

– The purpose of this study is to investigate the degree to which business schools, in particular MBA programs, have developed academic programs and centers specifically focused on corporate social responsibility and sustainability (CSRS) and, for those that have, promote them on their Web sites. The instruction of CSRS in institutions of higher education is increasing worldwide. The extent to which US MBA programs have developed academic programs and centers focused on CSRS could potentially be a way for business schools to distinguish themselves from other schools.

Design/methodology/approach

– The authors use a Web-based search of the Web sites of the top-100 US MBA programs to ascertain the extent to which they have developed CSRS-related academic programs and centers. They then look specifically at the full-time MBA main Web page to ascertain to what extent these programs promote CSRS material.

Findings

– The results suggest that schools in the top quarter and bottom quarter, as well as private schools, are more likely to have CSRS academic programs and centers. The authors also find that very few full-time MBA programs promote CSRS on their main MBA Web pages.

Originality/value

– This study is unique in its focus on the top-100 US MBA programs and the collection of primary data directly from their Web sites. Additionally, a summary of the data gathered from the MBA programs is provided in Table I of the study.
Energy efficiency of higher education buildings: a case study
Authors: Soares Nelson , Dias Pereira Luísa , Ferreira João , Conceição Pedro , Pereira da Silva Patrícia
Published: July 2015

Purpose

– This paper aims to propose an energy efficiency plan (with technical and behavioural improvement measures) for a Portuguese higher education building – the Teaching Building of the Faculty of Economics of the University of Coimbra (FEUC).

Design/methodology/approach

– The study was developed in the context of both the “Green Campus – Challenge for Energy Efficiency in Higher Education” and the Energy for Sustainability Initiative of the University of Coimbra, Portugal. An energy audit was conducted based on the analysis of the energy consumption profiles. A monitoring campaign was carried out to measure and disaggregate the electricity consumption. The consumption of natural gas and water were also assessed. The building envelope and the heating and lighting systems were also evaluated. Some patterns of energy-environmental behaviours of the academic community were investigated through a Web-based survey.

Findings

– The energy efficiency plan contemplates short-term tangible/intangible actions. It also considers the investment and payback period of the tangible measures. The implementation of three improvement measures in the lighting system would lead to a consumption reduction of about 26,123 kWh/year, avoiding the emission of 3,704 KgCO2/year, for an initial cost of 9,920 (payback period of 3.7 years).

Research limitations/implications

– Results are restricted to the case study and there are limitations in their generalisation outside of their context. However, they show some broadly implications and trends that have relevance for the higher education sector. This paper highlights the importance of engaging students, faculty and technical staff for working together on the assessment of the energy efficiency of the buildings where they study and work.

Social implications

– The higher education sector holds important functions in educating the next generation of professionals for a sustainable culture. The categories of activities described in this paper are good examples of what can be done within the academic community for acting towards sustainability. The results also pointed out that making users aware of their energy consumption is a priority towards the energy efficiency in higher education buildings.

Originality/value

– Reductions on energy consumption are expected if the energy efficiency plan would be implemented. The results of the behavioural study were presented to the FEUC’s board of directors to be integrated in the “Good Practices Manual on Water and Energy Management”.
Exploring the moderating role of context satisfaction between job characteristics and turnover intention of employees of Indian public sector banks
Authors: Ghosh Piyali , Rai Alka , Chauhan Ragini , Gupta Nitika , Singh Anamika
Published: July 2015

Purpose

– An employee’s satisfaction with the work context may affect her/his perception of the organization and may hence be a predictor of her/his intention to leave. The purpose of this paper is to explore the possible mediating role of context satisfaction between employees’ perception of job characteristics and their turnover intention and rests on the Job Characteristics Model (JCM).

Design/methodology/approach

– Hierarchical regression analysis was used to test the moderation hypothesis on sample data of 214 employees of 19 public sector banks in India. The population comprised both junior and middle management grade employees as these are expected to succeed retiring middle and senior management employees.

Findings

– Findings suggest that in addition to enriched jobs, context satisfaction is critical to establish a positive environment to lessen turnover intention of employees. This highlights the need for a positive and supportive work context to maximize the benefits of jobs with positive characteristics.

Originality/value

– The study is important for academicians and practitioners alike as it is evidence to the underlying process of how perception towards job characteristics together with work context as a less researched construct of JCM may influence intention to quit. The findings find relevance in the Indian banking sector, where retaining talent is a major challenge.
Developing vulnerability trust in temporary high performance teams
Authors: Moldjord Christian , Iversen Anne
Published: July 2015

Purpose

– The purpose of this paper is to explore one vital aspect of team performance, the development of vulnerability trust in temporary high-performance teams (HPTs), within the context of after-action debriefing sessions.

Design/methodology/approach

– In-depth interviews were conducted with military aircrew members about sharing vulnerable and personal experiences after action in a war scenario. Interpretative phenomenological analysis was used to analyze the qualitative material.

Findings

– The study identified six themes that influence the development of vulnerability trust in temporary HPTs: creating familiarity, caring attitude and recognition of other crew members, the power of transparency, fear of rejection, contradictions between team members and the number of listeners in a sharing session. All these themes appeared to have an effect on the development of vulnerability trust.

Practical implications

– The study shows how vulnerability trust may affect team development and team performance.

Social implications

– The paper not only specifically provides an insight into the development of trust in HPTs but also helps to broaden the understanding of the importance of trust for team development in general.

Originality/value

– The paper contributes knowledge on the development of vulnerability trust that is new to research on HPTs, and the study explores how vulnerability trust may affect team development and team performance. The data material for this research has been collected from military operators’ experiences in a war context. Such environments are often shielded from and minimally available for qualitative research.
Intentions for cooperative conflict resolution in groups
Authors: Dodoiu Gabi
Published: July 2015

Purpose

– The purpose of this study was twofold: first, to test to what extent a cooperative conflict management style can be related to attitudes, norms and perceived volitional control. Second, because conflict resolution is an activity that unfolds at the team level, the validity of the theoretical model was tested at the team level of analysis. The aim was to extend the understanding we have on antecedents of conflict management styles and to build a bridge between two different levels of analysis.

Design/methodology/approach

– This was done by building on the theory of planned behavior, which, to the authors’ knowledge, has neither been related to organizational behaviors nor to small group dynamics. A questionnaire was distributed to subjects that have experienced working together in teams. In total, 131 team members (grouped in 33 teams) provided answers on the key concepts of the model.

Findings

– First, perceived norms and high volitional control relate to individuals’ intentions to engage in cooperative conflict management activities, with intentions not mediating to role of norms on behavior. Second, at the team level, a high level of perceived norms relates to a higher occurrence of a cooperative resolution style. Additionally, high diversity on the attitudes over the value of this style negatively impacts its occurrence.

Research limitations/implications

– This study offers a cross-sectional image of an important process in the team. Additionally, relying on the subjects’ self-reports represents a limitation in the current study, considering the goal of the model is to predict behavior. Future research could address this, and additionally, consider team characteristics or individual traits that could add to the model of planned behavior.

Originality/value

– This paper adds to the literature as an attempt the bridge individual level constructs team-level processes. Moreover, it provides evidence for potential antecedents of conflict management styles. This latter contribution can be relevant for practitioners as well, that could invest in the institutionalization of favored resolution style to benefit from it.
Patento-scientometric indicators for the selection of projects by investment funds
Authors: Motta Gustavo da Silva , Quintella Rogério Hermida , Garcia Pauli Adriano de Almada
Published: July 2015

Purpose

– This paper aims to assess a method that applies scientometric and patentometric indicators in the selection process of projects by seed capital funds. There is increasing interest in technology-based enterprises, for their capacity to contribute to economic and social development. Nevertheless, in practice, there is some difficulty in assessing non-financial criteria associated with technology for the purposes of choosing investment opportunities.

Design/methodology/approach

– The literature has presented various methods to instrumentalize the process of evaluation and selection of investment projects. This study focuses on an enterprise that received an investment by the largest seed capital fund in Brazil, to assess to what extent scientific and technological indicators can contribute to understanding the market potential of the firm’s technology.

Findings

– The results show that the use of scientometric and patentometric indicators favors the process of judging non-financial criteria, in particular those related to technology, market, divestment and team.

Originality/value

– The originality of this paper is in the evaluation of a patento-scientometric approach for the selection process of projects by seed capital funds.
Suppression of near‐surface scattered body‐to‐surface waves: a steerable and nonlinear filtering approach
Authors: Almuhaidib Abdulaziz M. , Toksöz M. Nafi
Published: July 2015

We present an approach based on local‐slope estimation for the separation of scattered surface waves from reflected body waves. The direct and scattered surface waves contain a significant amount of seismic energy. They present great challenges in land seismic data acquisition and processing, particularly in arid regions with complex near‐surface heterogeneities (e.g., dry river beds, wadis/large escarpments, and karst features). The near‐surface scattered body‐to‐surface waves, which have comparable amplitudes to reflections, can mask the seismic reflections. These difficulties, added to large amplitude direct and back‐scattered surface (Rayleigh) waves, create a major reduction in signal‐to‐noise ratio and degrade the final sub‐surface image quality. Removal of these waves can be difficult using conventional filtering methods, such as an filter, without distorting the reflected signal. The filtering algorithm we present is based on predicting the spatially varying slope of the noise, using steerable filters, and separating the signal and noise components by applying a directional nonlinear filter oriented toward the noise direction to predict the noise and then subtract it from the data. The slope estimation step using steerable filters is very efficient. It requires only a linear combination of a set of basis filters at fixed orientation to synthesize an image filtered at an arbitrary orientation. We apply our filtering approach to simulated data as well as to seismic data recorded in the field to suppress the scattered surface waves from reflected body waves, and we demonstrate its superiority over conventional techniques in signal preservation and noise suppression.
Comparing the Cost of Caring for Medicare Beneficiaries in Federally Funded Health Centers to Other Care Settings
Authors: Mukamel Dana B. , White Laura M. , Nocon Robert S. , Huang Elbert S. , Sharma Ravi , Shi Leiyu , Ngo‐Metzger Quyen
Published: July 2015

Objective

To compare total annual costs for Medicare beneficiaries receiving primary care in federally funded health centers (HCs) to Medicare beneficiaries in physician offices and outpatient clinics.

Data Sources/Study Settings

Part A and B fee‐for‐service Medicare claims from 14 geographically diverse states. The sample was restricted to beneficiaries residing within primary care service areas (PCSAs) with at least one HC.

Study Design

We modeled separately total annual costs, annual primary care costs, and annual nonprimary care costs as a function of patient characteristics and PCSA fixed effects.

Data Collection

Data were obtained from the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services.

Principal Findings

Total median annual costs (at $2,370) for HC Medicare patients were lower by 10 percent compared to patients in physician offices ($2,667) and by 30 percent compared to patients in outpatient clinics ($3,580). This was due to lower nonprimary care costs in HCs, despite higher primary care costs.

Conclusions

HCs may offer lower total cost practice style to the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services, which administers Medicare. Future research should examine whether these lower costs reflect better management by HC practitioners or more limited access to specialty care by HC patients.
The association between involuntary memory and emotional adjustment after childbirth
Authors: Briddon Emma , Isaac Claire , Slade Pauline
Published: July 2015

Objectives

A woman's memory of her experience of giving birth can strongly influence her mental health, and the development of her relationship with her infant, in a positive or negative direction. Highly distressing, involuntary memories of the birth may indicate symptoms of post‐traumatic stress (PTS), which is increasingly recognized as a possible outcome of childbirth. Involuntary memories are not, however, exclusive to trauma and can also be experienced after positive events. This study sought to investigate involuntary memories for childbirth, as this is an event that is known to be potentially experienced both as highly positive and negative, and associated with a range of emotional outcomes, including greater well‐being and symptoms of PTS.

Methods

A total of 122 women completed a measure of their emotional experience of giving birth within 3 days of the event, and 65 of these women responded to a postal follow‐up at 6 weeks, with measures of involuntary memory experience, PTS symptoms and well‐being.

Results

Experiencing pleasant involuntary memories was more common than experiencing unpleasant involuntary memories of the birth. The frequency of these memories and how they were experienced as either distressing or enjoyable was associated with post‐partum emotional adjustment, demonstrated by the development of PTS symptoms or greater well‐being.

Conclusions

These results are important because to date, little research has examined the development of positive involuntary memories and their association with positive emotional adjustment.

Statement of contribution

What is already known on this subject?

Positive and negative emotional experiences can coexist in childbirth.

Involuntary memories after negative events can be associated with post‐traumatic stress.

Involuntary memories can also occur after strongly positive events.

What does this study add?

Women can experience both positive and negative involuntary memories after childbirth.

Involuntary negative memories mediate the link between birth experience and post‐traumatic stress.

Positive involuntary memories are associated with greater well‐being in the post‐partum.

Transformation of negatively experienced events into positively experienced involuntary memories may facilitate adjustment after childbirth.
An 800‐year ultraviolet radiation record inferred from sedimentary pigments in the Ross Sea area, East Antarctica
Authors: Chen Qianqian , Nie Yaguang , Liu Xiaodong , Xu Liqiang , Emslie Steven D.
Published: July 2015

High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) combined with mass spectrometry (MS) was used to analyse deposited pigments (including chlorophyll a, phaeophytin a, canthaxanthin, echinenone, zeaxanthin, scytonemin and mycosporine‐like amino acids) from two sediment profiles of ponds in the Ross Sea area, East Antarctica. We explored the sources and characteristics of each pigment, reconstructed an 800‐year record of ultraviolet radiation (UVR) and total incoming light intensity, and identified the possible factors that may have influenced historical UVR changes in this region. The results indicated at least four UVR peaks during the past 800 years, corresponding to c. AD 1950–2000, 1720–1790, 1560–1630 and 1350–1480, with the intensity from the most recent sediments being the highest. A comparison between the changes in UVR and total incoming light intensity showed similar patterns between AD 1720 and 1830, suggesting that factors controlling the UVR intensity in the Ross Sea area may be related to insolation fluctuation at that time. The two proxies are, however, weakly correlated during other periods. Historically, there is a relationship between the reconstructed UVR and solar activity, but this natural process may be strongly affected by multiple factors, including climate parameter change and anthropogenic activities during the modern times.
Tectono‐sedimentary development of early syn‐rift deposits: the Abura Graben, Suez Rift, Egypt
Authors: Lewis Matthew M. , Jackson Christopher A.‐L. , Gawthorpe Robert L.
Published: July 2015

The thickness and distribution of early syn‐rift deposits record the evolution of structures accommodating the earliest phases of continental extension. However, our understanding of the detailed tectono‐sedimentary evolution of these deposits is poor, because in the subsurface, they are often deeply buried and below seismic resolution and sparsely sampled by borehole data. Furthermore, early syn‐rift deposits are typically poorly exposed in the field, being buried beneath thick, late syn‐rift and post‐rift deposits. To improve our understanding of the tectono‐sedimentary development of early syn‐rift strata during the initial stages of rifting, we examined quasi‐3D exposures in the Abura Graben, Suez Rift, Egypt. During the earliest stage of extension, forced folding above blind normal fault segments, rather than half‐graben formation adjacent to surface‐breaking faults, controlled rift physiography, accommodation development and the stratigraphic architecture of non‐marine, early syn‐rift deposits. Fluvial systems incised into underlying pre‐rift deposits and were structurally focused in the axis of the embryonic depocentre, which, at this time, was characterized by a fold‐bound syncline rather than a fault‐bound half graben. During this earliest phase of extension, sediment was sourced from the rift shoulder some 3 km to the NE of the depocentre, rather than from the crests of the flanking, intra‐basin extensional forced folds. Fault‐driven subsidence, perhaps augmented by a eustatic sea‐level rise, resulted in basin deepening and the deposition of a series of fluvial‐dominated mouth bars, which, like the preceding fluvial systems, were structurally pinned within the axis of the growing depocentre, which was still bound by extensional forced folds rather than faults. The extensional forced folds were eventually locally breached by surface‐breaking faults, resulting in the establishment of a half graben, basin deepening and the deposition of shallow marine sandstone and fan‐delta conglomerates. Because growth folding and faulting were coeval along‐strike, syn‐rift stratal units deposited at this time show a highly variable along‐strike stratigraphic architecture, locally thinning towards the growth fold but, only a few kilometres along‐strike, thickening towards the surface‐breaking fault. Despite displaying the classic early syn‐rift stratigraphic motif recording net upward‐deepening, extensional forced folding rather than surface faulting played a key role in controlling basin physiography, accommodation development, and syn‐rift stratal architecture and facies development during the early stages of extension. This structural and stratigraphic observations required to make this interpretation are relatively subtle and may go unrecognized in low‐resolution subsurface data sets.
Manifold Next Event Estimation
Authors: Hanika Johannes , Droske Marc , Fascione Luca
Published: July 2015

We present manifold next event estimation (MNEE), a specialised technique for Monte Carlo light transport simulation to render refractive caustics by connecting surfaces to light sources (next event estimation) across transmissive interfaces. We employ correlated sampling by means of a perturbation strategy to explore all half vectors in the case of rough transmission while remaining outside of the context of Markov chain Monte Carlo, improving temporal stability. MNEE builds on differential geometry and manifold walks. It is very lightweight in its memory requirements, as it does not use light caching methods such as photon maps or importance sampling records. The method integrates seamlessly with existing Monte Carlo estimators via multiple importance sampling.
Radiometric Transfer: Example‐based Radiometric Linearization of Photographs
Authors: Li Han , Peers Pieter
Published: July 2015

We present an example‐based approach for radiometrically linearizing photographs that takes as input a radiometrically linear exemplar image and a target regular uncalibrated image of the same scene, possibly from a different viewpoint and/or under different lighting. The output of our method is a radiometrically linearized version of the target image. Modeling the change in appearance of a small image patch seen from a different viewpoint and/or under different lighting as a linear 1D subspace, allows us to recast radiometric transfer in a form similar to classic radiometric calibration from exposure stacks. The resulting radiometric transfer method is lightweight and easy to implement. We demonstrate the accuracy and validity of our method on a variety of scenes.
Evaluation of a one‐piece ceramic implant used for single‐tooth replacement and three‐unit fixed partial dentures: a prospective cohort clinical trial
Authors: Jung Ronald E. , Grohmann Philipp , Sailer Irena , Steinhart Yann‐Niclas , Fehér Aurel , Hämmerle Christoph , Strub Jörg Rudolf , Kohal Ralf
Published: July 2015

Aim

The aim of this clinical trial was to evaluate the safety and efficiency of a one‐piece zirconia oral implant after 1 year of function.

Materials and methods

Two centers included 60 subjects in need of implant‐supported single‐tooth restorations or three‐unit bridges. A total of 71 zirconia one‐piece implants were placed and immediately restored with a temporary reconstruction for at least 2 months. The final veneered zirconia restorations were then cemented and followed for 6 months and 1 year after insertion of the restorations. At each visit, a clinical evaluation was performed to analyze biological parameters of the implants and the neighboring teeth. A standardized periapical radiograph was taken at implant insertion, at the placement of the restorations and at the 1‐year follow‐up.

Results

Sixty patients with 71 implants (48 in the mandible, 23 in the maxilla) were included in this study and provided with 11 bridges and 49 crowns. Two patients with three implants (one bridge and one single crown) could not be evaluated. One patient lost his implant 5 weeks after implant insertion. Based on 58 patients, the mean survival rate was 98.3% after one year when the implants of the two patients that did not show up were not counted as lost. The mean marginal bone loss from implant insertion to the 1‐year follow‐up after the final prosthetic restoration was 0.78 mm with a standard deviation of 0.79 mm. The probing depth around the implants increased from 2.7 mm at insertion of the prosthetic reconstruction to 3.5 mm one year after insertion. The probing depth around the adjacent teeth remained stable at 2.5 mm. At the 1‐year recall, the difference was significant. The clinical attachment levels at implants and teeth were not different at the 1‐year follow‐up with 3.1 mm at tooth and implant sites.

Conclusions

The presently tested one‐piece ceramic implant was successful in replacing single tooth and three‐unit gaps after one year of function. Further long‐term data are necessary to verify these initial findings.
A Re‐examination of the Impact of the UK National Minimum Wage on Employment
Authors: Dickens Richard , Riley Rebecca , Wilkinson David
Published: July 2015

Early work on the national minimum wage (NMW) suggested that policymakers in the UK had succeeded in raising the pay of low‐paid workers without impairing their employment prospects. This paper shows that when we focus on the most vulnerable workers, part‐time females, the NMW appears to be associated with reductions in employment retention. These negative impacts were evident when the NMW was introduced and also when it was increased faster than average wages in the mid‐2000s. We also show that these falls in employment among part‐time females are exacerbated by the recession.