bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Development and Validation of a Nomogram for Determining Patients Requiring Prolonged Postanesthesia Care Unit Length of Stay After Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy
Authors: Cao Bingbing , Li Li , Su Xiangfei , Zeng Jianfeng , weibing Guo
Published: August 2020

Background: Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy (LC) is a common surgical procedure for managing gallbladder disease. Prolonged length of stay (LOS) in the postanesthesia care unit (PACU) may lead to overcrowding and a decline in medical resource utilization. In this work, we aimed to develop and validate a predictive nomogram for identifying patients who require prolonged PACU LOS.Methods: Data from 913 patients undergoing LC at a single institution in China between 2018 and 2019 were collected, and grouped into a training set (cases during 2018) and a test set (cases during 2019). Using the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression model, the optimal feature was selected, and multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to build the prolonged PACU LOS risk model. The C-index, calibration plot, and decision curve analysis were used in assessing the model calibration, discrimination, and clinical application value, respectively. For external validation, the test set data was evaluated.Results: The predictive nomogram had 8 predictor variables for prolonged PACU LOS, including age, ASA grade, active smoker, gastrointestinal disease, liver disease, and cardiovascular disease. This model displayed efficient calibration and moderate discrimination with a C-index of 0.662 (95% confidence interval, 0.603 to 0.721) for the training set, and 0.609 (95% confidence interval, 0.549 to 0.669) for the test set. Decision curve analysis demonstrated that the prolonged PACU LOS nomogram was reliable for clinical application when an intervention was decided at the possible threshold of 7%.Conclusions: We developed and validated a predictive nomogram with efficient calibration and moderate discrimination, and can be applied to identify patients most likely to be subjected to prolonged PACU LOS. This novel tool may shun overcrowding in PACU and optimize medical resource utilization.
Estimation of Energy Expenditure of Nordic Walking: A Crossover Trial
Authors: Baek Sora , Ha Yuncheol
Published: August 2020

Background: Nordic walking (NW) requires more energy compared with conventional walking (W). However, the metabolic equation for NW has not been reported. Therefore, this study aimed to characterize responses in oxygen uptake (V̇O2), minute ventilation (V̇E), heart rate (HR), systolic blood pressure (SBP), and surface electromyography (sEMG) of the upper and lower limb muscles during NW and W and to develop a metabolic equation for energy expenditure (E) of NW.Methods: Fifty healthy young men constituted our sample (aged 23.7 ± 3.0 years). Two randomly assigned walking tests (NW and W) on a treadmill at a predetermined stepwise incremental walking speed (3–5 km·h-1) and grade (0%–7%). The V̇O2, V̇E, HR, and SBP were measured. The sEMG signals of the three upper limb muscles and three lower limb muscles in their right body were recorded. Linear regression analysis was used to draw estimation of EE during W and NW.Results: V̇O2 (+15.8%), V̇E (+17.0%), RR (+18.2%), HR (+8.4%), and SBP (+7.7%) were higher in NW than in W. NW resulted in increased muscle activity in all of the upper limb muscles (P<.05). In the lower limb, sEMG activities in two of the three lower limb muscles were increased in NW than in W only during level walking (P<.05). EE during W and NW was estimated as follows: EW = 4.4 + 0.09 × speed + 1.20 × speed × grade; ENW = 6.1 + 0.09 × speed + 1.19 × speed × grade.Conclusion: NW showed higher work intensity than W, with an oxygen consumption difference of 1.7 mL·kg-1·min-1. The coefficients were not different between the two walking methods. NW involved more muscles of the upper body than W.
Gap-analysis of DNA barcoding reference libraries for two taxon inventories
Authors: Paz Guy , Rinkevich Baruch
Published: August 2020

BackgroundAll-inclusive DNA barcoding libraries in the storage and analysis platform of the BoLD (Barcode of Life Data) system are essential for the study of the marine biodiversity and are pertinent for regulatory purposes, including ecosystem monitoring and assessment, such as in the context of the EU Water Framework Directive (WFD) and the Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD). Here we investigate knowledge gaps in the lists of DNA barcoded organisms within the Cnidaria (Anthozoa and Hydrozoa) and Ascidiacea reference libraries of the European Register of Marine Species (ERMS) dataset (402 ascidians and 1200 cnidarian species). ERMS records were checked species by species, against publicly available sequence information and the other data stored in BoLD pages. ResultsResults revealed that just 22.9% and 29.2% of the listed ascidians and cnidarians species, respectively, are BoLD’s barcoded species, of which, 58.4% and 52.3% of the seemingly barcoded species, respectively, were noted to have complete BoLD pages. Thus, only 11.44% of the tunicate and 17.07% of the cnidarian data in the ERMS lists are of high quality. Deep analyses revealed seven common types of gaps in the list of the barcoded species in addition to a wide range of discrepancies and misidentifications, discordances and errors primarily in the GenBank mined data as with the BINs assignments, and more. ConclusionsGap knowledge in barcoding of important taxonomic marine groups exist and in addition, quality management elements (quality assurance and quality control) were not employed when using the list for national monitoring projects, for regulatory compliance purposes and other purposes. Even though Bold is the most trustable DNA barcoding reference library, worldwide projects of DNA barcoding are needed in order to close these gaps of mistakes, verifications, missing data and unreliable sequences labs. Tight quality control and quality assurance is important to close the knowledge gaps of Barcoding of the European recommended ERMS reference library.
Genomic outcomes from diverse SNP panels obtained with different de novo building-loci pipelines in a varied species context: Can pipelines be influencing biological interpretations?
Authors: Casanova Adrian , Maroso Francesco , Blanco Andrés , Hermida Miguel , Rios Nestor , Garcia Graciela , Manuzzi Alice , Zane Lorenzo , Verissimo Ana , Garcia-Marin Jose-Luis , Bouza Carmen , Vera Manuel , Martinez Paulino
Published: August 2020

Background
The irruption of Next-generation sequencing (NGS) and restriction site-associated DNA sequencing (RAD-seq) in the last decade has led to the identification of thousands of molecular markers and their genotyping for refined genomic screening. This approach has been especially useful for non-model organisms with limited genomic resources. Many building-loci pipelines have been developed to obtain robust single nucleotide polymorphism (SNPs) genotyping datasets using a de novo RAD-seq approach, i.e. without reference genomes. Here, the performances of two building-loci pipelines, STACKS 2 and Meyer’s 2b-RAD v2.1 pipeline, were compared using a diverse set of aquatic species representing different genomic and/or population structure scenarios. Two bivalve species (Manila clam and common edible cockle) and three fish species (brown trout, silver catfish and small-spotted catshark) were studied. Four SNP panels were evaluated in each species to test both different building-loci pipelines and criteria for SNP selection. Furthermore, for Manila clam and brown trout, a reference genome approach was used as control.
Results
Despite different outcomes were observed between pipelines and species with the diverse SNP calling and filtering steps tested, no remarkable differences were found on genetic diversity and differentiation within species with the SNP panels obtained with a de novo approach. The main differences were found in brown trout between the de novo and reference genome approaches. Genotyped vs missing data mismatches were the main genotyping difference detected between the two building-loci pipelines or between the de novo and reference genome comparisons.
Conclusions
Building-loci pipelines seem not to have a substantial influence on population genetics inference. Anyway, we recommend being careful with certain building-loci pipeline parameters and SNP filtering steps, especially when a de novo approach is used. Preliminary trials with subsets of data should be performed for comparison of genetic diversity and differentiation, but always considering the specific goals of the study.
KK-LC-1 May Be An Effective Prognostic Biomarker for Gastric Cancer
Authors: Ji Jun , Chen Jiahui , Wang Anqiang , Liu Yang , Li Leping
Published: August 2020

Background: To detect the protein expression of Kitakyushu lung cancer antigen 1 (KK-LC-1) in gastric cancer (GC) specimens, and to analyze the linear association of KK-LC-1 protein expression with clinical pathological data and prognosis.Methods: A total of 94 patients in this study were all GC patients with surgical resection. KK-LC-1’s protein expression in GC tissue was detected by immunohistochemistry. This report applies Histological score (H-score) to evaluate KK-LC-1’s expression. Chi-square test, Kaplan-Meier method and Cox regression were used to analyze the linear association between KK-LC-1 expression and clinicopathological data and prognosis.Results: KK-LC-1’s protein expression in the cytoplasm of tumor tissue was found to be significantly higher than that in normal tissue (P <0.001). If we apply the median value of H-value as the cut-off point, it suggests that overall survival for GC patients with high KK-LC-1 expression levels in the cytoplasm was good (P = 0.016), and still had statistical significance after Cox regression analysis. At the same time, the study found that there was a negative correlation between KK-LC-1’s protein expression and the pathological grade of the tumor (P = 0.036).Conclusions: Our research data shows that KK-LC-1’s expression in GC is higher than that of normal tissues, which is associated with a longer overall survival in GC. KK-LC-1 can be used as a biomarker for GC patients with good prognosis.
Development of Targeted Therapy Therapeutics to Sensitize Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Chemosensitivity Utilizing Bacteriophage phi29 Derived Packaging RNA
Authors: Zhang Long , Mu Chaofeng , Zhang Tinghong , Yang Dejun , Fan Luhui , Liu Cong , Wang Chenou , Chen Qiong , Shen Jianliang , Li Huaqiong
Published: August 2020

Background: To date, triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) treatment options are limited due to it lacks expression of receptors and are only available managed with chemotherapy. What's worse, TNBC is frequently developing resistance to chemotherapy. By using siRNA-based therapeutics, our recent work demonstrated X-box-binding protein 1 (XBP1) was linked to HER2+ breast cancer development and chemoresistance. As is well-known, the instability, off-target effects, net negative charge, and hydrophobicity of siRNA hamper its’ in vivo utilization and clinical transformation. Thus, the development of a siRNA delivery system (DDS) with ultra-stability and specificity is demanded to address the predicament of siRNA delivery.Results: Here, we assembled RNase resistant RNA nanoparticles (NPs) based on the 3WJ of Phi29 DNA packaging motor. To targeted therapy and sensitize TNBC to chemotherapy, the RNA NPs were equipped with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) targeting aptamer and XBP1 siRNA. We found our RNA NPs could deplete XBP1 expression and suppress tumor growth after intravenous administration. Meanwhile, RNA NPs treatment could promote the sensitization of chemotherapy and impair angiogenesis in vivo. Conclusions: The results further demonstrate that our RNA NPs could serve as an effective and promising platform not only for siRNA delivery but also for chemotherapy-resistant TNBC therapy.
Recurrent and Concurrent Patterns of Regional BOLD Dynamics and Functional Connectivity Dynamics in Cognitive Decline
Authors: Liang Lingyan , Yuan Yueming , Wei Yichen , Yu Bihan , Mai Wei , Duan Gaoxiong , Nong Xiucheng , Li Chong , Su Jiahui , Zhao Lihua , Zhang Zhihuo , Deng Demao
Published: August 2020

Background: The brain’s dynamic spontaneous neural activity and dynamic functional connectivity (dFC) are both important in supporting cognition, but how these two types of brain dynamics evolve and co-evolve in subjective cognitive decline (SCD) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) remain unclear. The aim of this study is to investigate recurrent and concurrent patterns of two types of dynamic brain states correlated with cognitive decline. Methods: the present study analyzed resting-state fMRI from 62 SCD, 75 MCI and 70 healthy controls (HC). Results: We identified a few recurrent states of dynamic regional spontaneous activity (measured as dynamic fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations, dfALFF) and dFC, and further ascertained the co-occurrent patterns of two types of dynamic brain states (i.e., dfALFF and dFC states). Importantly, the occurrence frequency of a default mode network (DMN)-dominated dFC state was significantly different between HC and SCD, while the co-occurrence frequency of a DMN-dominated dFC state and a DMN-dominated dfALFF state was significantly different between SCD and MCI. These two dynamic features were both significantly positively correlated with Mini Mental State Examination scores. Conclusion: This study discovered new neural signatures of cognitive decline from recurrent and concurrent patterns of dfALFF and dFC, providing strong evidence supporting SCD as the transition phase between normal aging and MCI. This finding holds the potential to differentiate SCD from HC by using both dFC and dfALFF as objective neuroimaging biomarkers, and thus helps the early diagnosis and intervention of AD.
Right ventricular failure in septic shock. Characterization, incidence and impact on fluid-responsiveness
Authors: Vieillard-Baron Antoine , Prigent Amélie , Repessé Xavier , Goudelin Marine , Prat Gwenaël , Evrard Bruno , Charron Cyril , Vignon Philippe , Geri Guillaume
Published: August 2020

Objective Incidence of right ventricular (RV) failure in septic shock patients is not well-known and Tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE) could be of limited value. We report the incidence of RV failure in patients with septic shock, its potential impact on the response to fluids, as well as TAPSE values.Design Ancillary study of the HEMOPRED prospective multicenter study including patients under mechanical ventilation with circulatory failure.Setting Multicenter intensive care unit studyPatients 282 with septic shock were analyzed. Patients were classified in 3 groups based on central venous pressure (CVP) and RV size (RV/LV end-diastolic area, EDA). In group 1, patients had no RV dilatation (RV/LVEDA < 0.6). In group 2, patients had RV dilatation (RV/LVEDA ≥ 0.6) with a CVP < 8 mmHg (no venous congestion). RV failure was defined in group 3 by RV dilatation and a CVP ≥ 8 mmHg. Pulse pressure variation (PPV) was systematically recorded.Interventions NoneMeasurements And main results 41% of patients were in group 1, 17% in group 2 and 42% in group 3. A correlation between RV size and CVP was only observed in group 3. Higher RV size was associated with a lower response to passive leg raising for a given PPV. A large overlap of TAPSE values was observed between the 3 groups. 63.5% of patients with RV failure had anormal TAPSE.Conclusions RV failure, defined by critical care echocardiography (RV dilatation) and a surrogate of venous congestion (CVP ≥ 8 mmHg), was frequently observed in septic shock patients and negatively associated with response to a fluid challenge despite significant PPV. TAPSE was unable to discriminate patients with or without RV failure.
Morphological and Molecular Characterization of ‘var. mysorensis’ form of Anopheles Stephensi
Authors: Khan Jehangir , Gholizadeh Saber , Zhang Meichun , Zhang Dongjing , Wu Yu , Zheng Xiaoying , Zhongdao Wu
Published: August 2020

Background: Anopheles stephensi Listen (1901) is the major malaria vector in the Asia, and recently in some regions of Africa. This species includes three biological forms, namely “type”, “intermediate” and “mysorensis” with varying degree of vector competence for malaria parasites. To recognize these siblings of An. stephensi lab strain, we used the morphological features of eggs and several genetic markers i.e. Obp1 (odorant binding protein), mitochondrial oxidases subunit 1 and 2 (COI and COII), nuclear internal transcribed spacer 2 locus (ITS2). Methods: Eggs were collected from individual mosquito (n = 50) and observed for the number of ridges under stereomicroscope. DNA was extracted from female mosquitoes. After amplifying fragments by using different genetic markers (Obp1, COI, COII and ITS2), the PCR products were purified and sequenced using Sanger Sequence Technology. Phylogenetic analysis was performed after aligning query sequences against the submitted sequences in GenBank using bioinformatics software. Results: The range of ridges number on each egg float was 12-13 that corresponds to the mysorensis form. Sequence analysis for COI, COII and ITS2 demonstrated 100%, 99.46% and 99.29% similarity of our species with other Chinese, Indian and Iranian strains of An. stephensi. All the sequences of Obp1 intron I region matched 100% with the previously submitted sequences for An. stephensi sibling C (mysorensis form) from Iran and Afghanistan.Conclusion: The current study elaborately describes the morphological and molecular details (sequence data) of the ‘mysorensis’ form of An. stephensi that could be helpful in elucidating its classification and also in its diﬀerentiation from other biotypes of the same and other similar anophelines species. Our findings confirmed OBP1 as the only genetic marker that successfully recognized our lab strain (mysorensis form/ sibling C). Thus using OBP1 (alone) may be very phenomenal in similar studies in the future. Future studies should involve the development of appropriate and reliable molecular keys (for sibling species identification) complementary to morphological keys.
Validation of Subscales of the Severe Asthma Questionnaire (SAQ) Using Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA)
Authors: Lanario Joseph W. , Hyland Michael , Menzies-Gow Andrew , Mansur Adel H , Dodd James W. , Fowler Stephen J , Jones Rupert C , Masoli Matthew
Published: August 2020

BackgroundThe Severe Asthma Questionnaire (SAQ) is a health related quality of life (HRQoL) questionnaire validated for use in severe asthma. It is scored using the mean value of 16 items (SAQ score) in addition to a single item global rating of HRQoL (SAQ-global). The aim was to validate clinically relevant subscales by following best practice guidelines of exploratory factor analysis (EFA).MethodsThe SAQ was completed, along with measures of asthma control and EQ5D-5L by patients attending six UK severe asthma centres. Clinical data were included in the analysis. EFA using principal axis factoring and promax rotation was used to achieve best fit to data. Results460 patients participated, 65% women, mean age 51 (16-83) yrs. A three factor solution achieved best fit and showed that the SAQ items formed three distinct but inter-correlated groups of items where items were grouped in a way that was consistent with item content. The three subscales were differentially associated with clinically relevant variables (lung function and mood). Males and females interpreted the question of night disturbance in different ways.ConclusionsThe 16 items of the SAQ can be scored as a single overall score or as three subscales with content reflecting three different constructs people with severe asthma use when making judgements about their lives. The subscale ‘My Life’ assesses the impact of severe asthma on different life activities, ‘My Mind’ assesses the perceived emotional impact and ‘My Body’ the impact of extra-pulmonary symptoms and side effects.
Investigating effects of preoperative inflammatory biomarkers on predicting survival outcomes of peripheral intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma after curative resection.
Authors: Zhang Zeyu , Zhou Yufan , Hu Kuan , Huang Yun
Published: August 2020

Introduction: Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) stands as the second most common malignant tumor in liver with poor patient prognosis. Increasing evidences have shown that inflammation plays a significant role in tumor progression, angiogenesis and metastasis. However, the prognosis significance of inflammatory biomarkers on recurrence-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) in peripheral ICC patients is poorly recognized.Methods: Peripheral ICC patients who underwent curative hepatectomy and diagnosed pathologically were retrospectively analyzed. Inflammatory biomarkers, including neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR), systemic immune-inflammation index (SII), were investigated.Results: Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves showed no significance in NLR, PLR and LMR in RFS and OS, while significant results were shown on SII in both RFS (P = 0.035) and OS (P = 0.034) with areas under ROC curve as 0.63 (95%CI: 0.52–0.74) and 0.62 (95%CI: 0.51–0.72), respectively. Kaplan-Meier curves revealed statistically significant better survival data in SII-low groups on both RFS (P༜0.001) and OS (P༜0.001). The univariate and multivariate analyses revealed that higher level of SII was independently associated with both poorer RFS time and OS time. However, no significant result was shown on NLR, PLR or LMR.Conclusion: SII is an effective prognostic factor for predicting the prognosis of peripheral ICC patient undergone curative hepatectomy, while NLR, PLR and LMR are not associated with clinical outcomes of these patients.
Geospatial evaluation of drought resilience in sub-basins of Mahanadi river in India
Authors: Rajput Preeti , Sinha Manish Kumar
Published: August 2020

Development is said to be sustainable in respect of drought if the effect has been absorbed by the existing system. Occurrence of drought depends on physiographical, climatic factors and optimum utilization of available resources of the river basin. This study aims to evaluate the vulnerability and resilience of river basin systems for the identification of priority areas under drought susceptibility for three different river basins, namely Arpa, Kharun and Upper Seonath of Mahanadi river in central India, as a pilot area for this study. The study represents an approach to evaluate the drought susceptibility of river basins based on physiographical factors and anthropogenic activities. A model proposed for vulnerability assessment based on variables of exposure, sensitivity and adaptive capacity, and a geospatial database of basin characteristics contributing to vulnerability, was generated using remote sensing and a geographic information system. Multi-criteria decision analysis was done to evaluate the influence of river basin characteristics, population load and land-use/cover on drought susceptibility for assessing the drought vulnerability of the river basin and suggest the solution for the optimum utilization of natural resources according to the river basin characteristics. The result of this study demarcates the area in four categories of Extremely vulnerable, Moderately vulnerable, Vulnerable and Not vulnerable. On the analysis, only 3.86% of Upper Seonath is Not vulnerable, followed by Kharun basin having 15.59% as Not vulnerable area and 48.23% of the area of Arpa river basin identified as Not vulnerable. Arpa river basin is least affected by drought due to its lower population density and high coverage of forest and agriculture area.
Rancang Bangun Alat Pemotong Kentang Berbentuk Stick Berbasis Mikrokontroller ATMega 328
Authors: Alfino Novri Rezky , Aswardi Aswardi
Published: August 2020

Perkembangan zaman saat ini mempengaruhi berbagai aspek kehidupan masyarakat, yang mana gaya hidup di kalangan masyarakat saat ini yang lebih suka mengkonsumsi makanan siap saji. Terutama makanan siap saji dengan bahan dasar kentang yaitu stik kentang. Produk olahan stik kentang banyak dilakukan pada industri rumahan  yang masih menggunakan alat produksi secara manual yang tidak dapat memproduksi dalam kapasitas banyak dan membutuhkan waktu yang lebih lama. Dari permasalahan tersebut penulis mencoba merancang sekaligus membuat alat pemotong kentang secara otomatis agar waktu yang dibutuhkan untuk memproduksi relatif lebih singkat dan kapasitas dari hasil yang didapatkan lebih maksimal. Alat ini dibuat dengan meneliti waktu yang dituhkan alat untuk memotong 0,25 Kg kentang. Dalam penelitian ini menggunakan sensor VL53L0X sebagai pendeteksi kentang, pneumatik untuk mendorong kentang ke arah mata pisau yang digerakkan oleh kompresor dengan mengatur tekanan udara menggunakan selenoid valve dan ATMega 328 sebagai pusat kontrol pada sistem kerja alat secara keseluruhan.
PERANCANGAN SISTEM TERMAL PADA ORC KAPASITAS 10 KW
Authors: Telaumbanua Janet S. , Maulana Eka
Published: August 2020

Tujuan perancangan sistem ini adalah untuk mengetahui penggabungan sistem dalam memanfaatkan energi panas yang terbuang dari teknologi pirolisis dan siklus organik rankine menggunakan metode perancangan Pahl & Beitz. Pada proses sistem kerja siklus organik rankine menggunakan fluida kerja R-134a dengan mempertimbangkan ODP, GWP, Life Time Atmosphere serta komponen yang digunakan pada sistem ini adalah jenis turbin uap impuls, kondensor berkependinginan air, pompa sentrifugal, alat penukar kalor Shell and Tube. Efisiensi penggabungan pirolisis dengan sistem siklus organik rankine bernilai 16% dengan kadar uap masuk turbin 96% dan hasil kerja turbin 38,7 kJ/kg, kerja kondensor 194,51 kJ/kg, kerja pompa 1 kJ/kg dan evaporator 234,2 kJ/kg. Hasil perhitungan dengan laju aliran massa 2kg/s, Temperatur masuk turbin 40 oC dan tekanan 1,6 MPa adalah 77,37 MW. Dari hasil perhitungan dan perkiraan perancangan daya yang dihasilkan turbin memiliki nilai beda yang besar disebabkan oleh entalpi dan entropi pada tabel properties fluida kerja memiliki nilai yang besar.
KOMPOSIT SANDWICH HYBRID KOMBINASI SERAT TANDAN KOSONG KELAPA SAWIT DAN SERAT KACA DENGAN MATRIX POLYURETHANE
Authors: Dwi A Moch. Razan , Karmiadji Djoko W. , Prasetyo Eko
Published: August 2020

Komposit Sandwich Hybrid kombinasi antara serat tandan kosong kelapa sawit dan serat kaca dengan matrix polyurethane adalah sebuah trobosan baru sebagai bahan pengganti yang mampu menyerap suara dan penyerap panas dengan ramah lingkungan. Kemampuan penyerapan suara dan penyerapan panas sangat di perhitungkan. Pada penelitian ini memiliki tujuan untuk mendapatkan hasil dari pengaruh penambahan fraksi serat pada penyerapan suara dan penyerapan panas. Metode pegujian mengacu pada standar ASTM C177-13. Pengujian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui nila koefisien perpindahan panas secata konduksi, dengan cara mengetahui seberapa besar konduktivitas thermal dari suatu material. ASTM C 177-13 merupakan metode yang pengujiannya menetapkan syarat desain yang diperlukan dalam membuat dan mengoperasikan guarded hot-plate Pada penyerapan panas penambahan fraksi membuat menurunnya nilai Konduktifitas thermal karena bertambah padatnya strukur pada inti atau core yang diisi dengan serat tandan kosong kelapa sawit. Nilai Konduktifitas yang baik terdapat pada fraksi 20% dikarenakan jumlah serat yang sedikit maka mampu terjadinya perpindahan panas. Perbandingan dari penelitian yang sudah pernah dilakukan menghasilkan nilai koefisien konduktifitas termal pada penelitian ini lebih besar dikarenakan bertambahnya nilai fraksi yang digunakan atau semakin banyak serat yang digunakan semakin rapat dan mempersulit penyebaran suhu.  Dari penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa pada komposit sandwich hybrid serat tandan kosong kelapa sawit dan serat kaca dengan matrix polyurethane ini akan semakin menurun konduktivitasnya jika penambahan serat tandan kosong kelapa sawit.
Analisis Keamanan Website Open Journal System Menggunakan Metode Vulnerability Assessment
Authors: Riadi Imam , Yudhana Anton , W Yunanri
Published: August 2020

Open Journal System (OJS) merupakan perangkat lunak yang berfungsi sebagai sarana publikasi ilmiah dan digunakan diseluruh dunia. OJS yang tidak dipantau beresiko diserang oleh hacker.  Kerentanan yang di timbulkan oleh hacker akan berakibat buruk terhadap performa dari sebuah OJS.  Permasalahan yang dihadapi pada sistem OJS meliputi network, port discover, proses audit exploit sistem OJS. Proses audit sistem pada OJS mencakup SQL Injection, melewati firewall pembobolan password. Parameter input yang digunakan adalah IP address dan port open access. Metode yang digunakan adalah vulnerability assessment. Yang terdiri dari beberapa tahapan seperti information gathering atau footprinting, scanning vulnerability, reporting. Kegiatan ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi celah keamanan pada website open journal system (OJS). Penelitian ini menggunakan open web application security project (OWASP). Pengujian yang telah dilakukan berhasil mengidentifikasi 70 kerentanan high, 1929 medium, 4050 low pada OJS, Total nilai vulnerability pada OJS yang di uji coba sebesar 6049. Hasil pengujian yang dilakukan menunjukkan bahwa pada OJS versi 2.4.7 memiliki banyak celah kerentanan atau vulnerability, tidak di rekomendasi untuk digunakan. Gunakanlah versi terbaru yang dikeluarkan oleh pihak OJS Public knowledge  project (PKP). AbstractThe Open Journal System (OJS) is A software that functions as a means of scientific publication and is used throughout the world. OJS that is not monitored is at risk of being attacked by hackers. Vulnerabilities caused by hackers will adversely affect the performance of an OJS. The problems faced by the OJS system include the network, port discover, OJS system audit exploit process. The system audit process on the OJS includes SQL Injection, bypassing the firewall breaking passwords. The input parameters used are the IP address and open access port. The method used is a vulnerability assessment. Which consists of several stages such as information gathering or footprinting, scanning vulnerability, reporting. This activity aims to identify security holes on the open journal system (OJS) website. This study uses an open web application security project (OWASP). Tests that have been carried out successfully identified 70 vulnerabilities high, 1929 medium, 4050 low in OJS, the total value of vulnerability in OJS which was tested was 6049. The results of tests conducted showed that in OJS version 2.4.7 had many vulnerabilities or vulnerabilities, not on recommendations for use. Use the latest version issued by the OJS Public Knowledge Project (PKP).
Investigating methods for Coronavirus Disease 2019 control: A systematic review
Authors: Esteki Razieh , Asgari Narges , Ghomi Robabeh , Biyabanaki Fereshte , Hajheidari Atiyeh , Nasirinasab Fahime
Published: August 2020

Introduction:
The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID 19) epidemic began in December 2019 in China and caused major concern. But no systematic review of COVID-19 infection control has been published.

Aim:
The aim of this study is to determine the COVID-19 disease control methods.

Material and methods:
We performed a systematic review of the literature using the keywords: ‘coronavirus’ and ‘2020,’ ‘COVID-19’ in databases including ScienceDirect, PubMed, Springer and Scopus from January 1, 2020 to February 23, 2020. All observational studies, as well as case reports and editorials that were published in English were included. Data on the disease control methods of COVID-19 were extracted by two researchers.

Results and discussion:
The preliminary search result was about 131 articles; 38 articles were retrieved for full-text screening, after screening articles by title and abstract. Finally, 17 papers having the study inclusion criteria were selected. Disease control is possible at three levels of prevention, diagnosis and treatment.

Conclusions:
COVID-19 is a new clinical infectious disease that can be controlled by adopting measures to prevent, diagnose and treat the disease. Further studies are needed to elucidate factors that may be effective in controlling the spread of the disease during recovery.
HYGIENIC PRACTICES AND BACTERIOLOGICAL QUALITY OF MILK: A REVIEW
Authors: Pathot Yien Deng
Published: August 2020

Anyone dealing with raw milk on a day-to-day basis knows very well how quickly it becomes sour when it is stored for long periods at high ambient temperatures prevalent in tropical and subtropical countries. This is because the inherent lactic acid bacteria and contaminating microorganisms from storage vessels or the environment break down the lactose in milk into lactic acid. When sufficient lactic acid has accumulated, the milk becomes sour and coagulates, much like when you add sufficient lemon juice to fresh milk. Raw milk that contains too much lactic acid, even if it does not appear to be curdled, will coagulate when heated. So far, many pathogenic microorganisms, such as Escherichia coli, Listeria monocytogenes, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella sp., and Candida sp., have been reported as the causal agents of food-borne diseases and/or food spoilage. Contamination of raw and/or processed foods usually occurs during the production, sale, and distribution of the foods. Therefore, the objective of this review paper was to investigate hygienic practices and bacteriological quality of milk. In order to produce good quality dairy, establishment of standards, use of effective enforcement, education of dairy personnel’s and farmers on various aspects of milk hygiene and handling technique is important.
Activación de mecanismos de defensa en maíz pira mediante el uso del abono orgánico Microgeo®
Authors: Posso Suárez David Fernando , Mattos Amanda do Prado , Broti Rissato Bruna , Schwan-Estrada Kátia Regina Freitas
Published: August 2020

La inducción de resistencia (IR) en plantas por productos naturales ha sido objeto de varios estudios, siendo estas activadas por moléculas elicitoras de origen biótica o abiótica. Los elicitores activan mecanismos de resistencia como las proteínas relacionadas a patogénesis (PRP’s), que actúan en la protección de plantas impidiendo el desarrollo del patógeno. El presente estudio tiene como objetivo verificar la activación de PRP’s (peroxidasa, catalasa, polifenoloxidasa e βglucanasa) en plantas de maíz pira (Zea mays) tratadas con diferentes concentraciones (0%, 0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, 3% y 5%) del biofertilizante comercial Microgeo®. Analizando las enzimas PRP’s se observó que el Microgeo® activó e incrementó la actividad de estas enzimas y que está inducción está más relacionada al tiempo de activación, pero no a la concentración utilizada.
Caracterización tecnológica de las unidades de producción de tomate bajo invernadero en Puebla
Authors: Mundo Coxca Misael , Jaramillo Villanueva José Luis , Jimenez Juan Morales , Macias López Antonio , Ocampo Mendoza Juventino
Published: August 2020

Este trabajo describe las características tecnológicas de las unidades de producción de jitomate (UPJ) (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) bajo invernadero y las características socioeconómicas de los productores, en cuatro municipios del estado de Puebla. Los datos se obtuvieron de una muestra de productores, con una confiabilidad de 95% y precisión 10% del valor de la media de superficie del invernadero. Se aplicaron 103 encuestas a productores en el segundo semestre de 2017. Se construyó un índice tecnológico (IT) a partir de variables de manejo tecnológico y de equipamiento. El 25% de las UPJ utiliza niveles tecnológicos bajos, 66% niveles medios y 9% niveles altos. La explicación del nivel tecnológico utilizado por las UPJ se estimó con un modelo regresión Probit por intervalos. El nivel de escolaridad, la experiencia en la producción bajo invernadero y el tamaño del invernadero tienen influencia significativa (p≤ 0.5). Por lo tanto, se concluye que el nivel tecnológico en las unidades de producción, así como el nivel escolar, la superficie cultivada y la experiencia en la producción bajo invernadero por parte de los productores, son factores estrechamente relacionado con la productividad del cultivo. A partir de estos resultados, se podrán desarrollar e implementar estrategias que permitan brindar asesoría y capacitación en el uso adecuado de las tecnologías y equipos necesarios para lograr altos rendimientos homogéneos en la zona.
Comportamiento de variedades de naranja injertadas en diferentes portainjertos en Xalostoc, Morelos
Authors: González Hernández Álvaro , Guillén Sánchez Dagoberto , Alia Tejacal Iran , López Martínez Víctor , Juárez López Porfirio , Bárcenas Santana Daniel
Published: August 2020

Las plantaciones de cítricos en Morelos son recientes y están en expansión; sin embargo, las tecnologías presentes son escasas. Existen problemas por ataques de patógenos y por ende insuficiente productividad por lo que se necesita mejorar la producción y rentabilidad del cultivo empleando variedades con mejor comportamiento, que tengan un óptimo desarrollo vegetativo, producción y calidad del fruto. La investigación se realizó durante el año 2016, con el objetivo de evaluar el comportamiento y desarrollo de cuatro variedades de naranja injertadas en diferentes patrones, bajo las condiciones edafoclimáticas del oriente de Morelos. Se compararon 16 combinaciones de portainjerto-variedad, plantadas a una distancia de siembra de 7 x 4 m. Se evaluaron las variables agronómicas: diámetro de tallo y altura de las plantas, floración y fructificación, contenido relativo de clorofila, altura y diámetro de la copa. El portainjerto Volkameriano combinado con la variedad Mars alcanzó el mayor diámetro del tallo sin diferencias con las demás variedades. Cuando se emplearon las variedades Jaffa, Hamlin y Mars sobre este patrón se obtuvieron los arboles con mayor crecimiento al igual que la mayor altura y diámetro de la copa. La variedad Jaffa sobre Volkameriano tuvo el mayor número de flores y frutos, así como el mayor contenido de clorofila en hojas. Los árboles más pequeños, menos frondosos con troncos delgados y menor número de flores y frutos fueron los logrados sobre el patrón Naranjo Agrio.
Análise de citações dos trabalhos da Compós 2008
Authors: Primo Alex Fernando Teixeira , Stumpf Ida Regina Chitto , Consoni Gilberto Balbela , Silveira Stefanie Carlan da
Published: August 2020

A citação é uma prática utilizada na produção de textos científicos que tem como função primária correlacionar dois textos. Como ferramenta dos estudos bibliométicos, a Análise de Citações (AC) permite relacionar o citante com o citado, mostrando as fontes que o primeiro utilizou para produzir seu trabalho. Embora apresente limitações, a análise de citações pode contribuir para entender a estrutura e o desenvolvimento de uma ciência, bem como as regularidades do comportamento dos cientistas no uso de fontes de informação. Este trabalho apresenta uma análise de citações da totalidade de trabalhos aprovados pelos Grupos de Trabalho (GT) do XVII Encontro da Associação Nacional dos Programas de Pós-Graduação em Comunicação – Compós 2008. A partir dos dados coletados, buscou-se observar: autores, títulos, tipos de publicação (livros, capítulos, periódicos, outros), periódicos mais citados, freqüência de trabalhos coletivos, etc. Entre outros cruzamentos, apresenta-se um comparativo entre as citações a autores nacionais e estrangeiros.
The Distinctive "Should" of Assertability
Authors: Turri John
Published: August 2020

Recent work has assumed that the normativity associated with assertion differs from the normativity of morality, practical rationality, etiquette, and legality. That is, whether an assertion “should” be made is not merely a function of these other familiar sorts of normativity and is especially connected to truth. Some researchers have challenged this assumption of distinctive normativity. In this paper I report two experiments that test the assumption. Participants read a brief story, judged whether an assertion should be made, and rated several other qualities of the assertion, including its truth value, morality, rationality, etiquette, legality, and folly. Of these qualities, truth value most strongly predicted assertability. The findings support the assumption of distinctive normativity and provide further evidence that the norm of our social practice of assertion is factive.
Dump the “dimorphism”: Comprehensive synthesis of human brain studies reveals few male-female differences beyond size
Authors: Eliot Lise , Ahmed Adnan , Khan Hiba , Patel Julie
Published: August 2020

With the explosion of neuroimaging, differences between male and female brains have been exhaustively analyzed. Here we synthesize three decades of human MRI and postmortem data, emphasizing meta-analyses and other large studies, which collectively reveal few reliable sex/gender differences and a history of unreplicated claims. Males’ brains are larger than females’ from birth, stabilizing around 11% in adults. This size difference accounts for other reproducible findings: higher white/gray matter ratio, intra- versus interhemispheric connectivity, and regional cortical and subcortical volumes in males. But when structural and lateralization differences are present independent of size, sex/gender explains only about 1% of total variance. Connectome differences and multivariate sex/gender prediction are largely based on brain size, and perform poorly across diverse populations. Task-based fMRI has especially failed to find reproducible activation differences between men and women in verbal, spatial or emotion processing due to high rates of false discovery. Overall, male/female brain differences appear trivial and population-specific. The human brain is not “sexually dimorphic.”
DNA Barcode Hewan dan Tumbuhan Indonesia
Authors: Jannah Miftahul
Published: August 2020

Buku ini berisi tentang hal penting terkait DNA Barcode dan tahapan analisis genetik DNA Barcode coding dan non coding region yang sangat dibutuhkan oleh peneliti yang bergerak di bidang taksonomi dan evolusi suatu spesies.
Antimicrobial Screening of some Medicinal Plants against Selected Bacterial Species
Authors: Sapkota Pragya , Bhattarai Sapana , Bajracharya Anup Muni , Lakhe Pramesh Bahadur , Shrestha Nishant
Published: August 2020

Medicinal plants are used as traditional treatment for numerous human diseases. According to WHO, medicinal plants would be the best source to obtain a variety of drugs. Contrary to the synthetic drugs, antimicrobial of plant origin are not associated with many side effects and have an enormous therapeutic potential to heal many infectious diseases. Present study was carried out on the screening of some medicinal plants against selected pathogenic organisms in the period of October 2017 to January 2018. A total of nine different medicinal plants were screened and evaluated for their antimicrobial activity against 10 bacterial species. Among them, Euphorbia hirta, Azadirachtaindica, Artemisia vulgaris were found to be effective against gram positive bacteria (Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus MRSA), whereas rest six medicinal plants (Aeglemarmelos, Justiciaadhatoda, Ficusreligiosa, Syzygiumcumini, Nyctanthes arbor and Meliaazedarach) were found to be ineffective against all the microorganisms (Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, Klebsiellapneumoniae, Proteus vulgaris, Pseudomonas aerogenosa, Salmonella typhii, Shigelladysentriae, MRSA). The minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of Euphorbia hirta against Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus was found to be 12.5mg/ml and MBC of Artemisia vulgaris against Bacillus subtilis and MRSA was also found to be 12.5 mg/ml while of Staphylococcus aureus was 25mg/ml. Similarly, the MBC of Azadirachta indica against Staphylococcus aureus was 25mg/ml.
PEMBELAJARAN BAHASA DAN SASTRA BERBASIS KEARIFAN LOKAL SEBAGAI UPAYA OPTIMALISASI PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER MENUJU DUNIA GLOBAL
Authors: Disi Leviana , Hartati Dwi Yuli
Published: August 2020

Local wisdom in language learning and character reinforcement. In today's era of advanced communication intelligence is needed to utilize and package the values of local wisdom in a global context. In addition, no less important is the presence of creativity to bring back self-confidence in local behavior in national and global communications. Of course, the interpretation and creativity of literary authors become the basic necessity for maintaining local wisdom. Local color that is and carry the regionalism that is contained in cross-cultural communication of course reflects keiindonesiaan and through literature also we can put the values of local wisdom so thick that can be poured in the form of novels, short stories and poetry. Through language learning can be a tool to maintain the identity or identity of the nation because in the Indonesian language contained image of Indonesia. The image can be constructed and constructed by the author through character, characterizations, background and place specificities, as well as the story situation in the language. The characteristics, nuances, and breaths of Indonesianness can be exchanged in the language. Because language and literature have the ability to concoct the values of locality that make the reader has wisdom and gave birth to a positive attitude in interpreting the value of local wisdom which is the identity of the nation.Â Keywordsâ€” Language style satire of irony, cynicism and sarcasm
医药类专业“五年一贯制”学生的学情分析与对策——以浙江医药高等专科学校为例
Authors: 蔡 园园
Published: August 2020

“五年一贯制”高职是现阶段重要的高等职业办学模式，通过对浙江医药高等专科学校的“五年一贯制”学生的问卷调查后并经过数据分析，发现该类学生存在学习动机弱、信心不足、习惯不良、自我意识强和学校管理制度和资源欠缺的学情问题，并针对此现状提出了提高入学门槛、加强育人机制和完善教育培养体系三种有效的改善对策。
Discutindo o tempo em aulas de Sociologia: desnaturalização, estranhamento e relativização sob um olhar antropológico
Authors: Augusto Paloma Maria Rodrigues
Published: August 2020

Neste artigo, analisarei e comentarei diferentes concepções de tempo e temporalidades apresentadas pelo antropólogo inglês Edward Evan Evans-Pritchard em seu clássico estudo sobre os Nuer e pelo historiador francês Jacques Le Goff em A Civilização do Ocidente Medieval e Para um Novo Conceito de Idade Média, frutos de seus estudos sobre a sociedade medieval. Com isso, objetivo apresentar como possível metodologia de trabalho para as aulas de Sociologia no ensino médio a identificação de outros possíveis vínculos estabelecidos com o tempo, de acordo com o que nos apontam os ensaios dos referidos autores, para levar os alunos do ensino médio a um processo de desnaturalização, estranhamento e relativização a partir de uma dimensão tão naturalizada em nossa vida social: a dimensão do tempo. Dessa forma, buscarei apresentar uma proposta didática na qual se procura evidenciar uma possível contribuição da perspectiva antropológica para as aulas de Sociologia no Ensino Médio.
Em defesa de uma Educação em Direitos Humanos: um balanço do LAEDH em seus cinco primeiros anos
Authors: Rêgo Carlos Eduardo Oliva , Carneiro Silzane de Almeida
Published: August 2020

O objetivo deste artigo é apresentarmos um balanço sobre o LAEDH – Laboratório de Educação em Direitos Humanos do Colégio Pedro II, que completou cinco anos de sua inauguração em novembro de 2019, a partir das atividades desenvolvidas pelo laboratório para além da sala de aula, em conexão não apenas com o ensino de Sociologia, mas voltadas especialmente para a Educação em Direitos Humanos (EDH). Após uma apresentação do que é o LAEDH e da justificativa para sua existência, indicaremos o que vem sendo realizado pelo laboratório desde sua criação e encerraremos com uma reflexão sobre a escola e a EDH, onde pretendemos demonstrar que a educação escolar, norteada pelas Diretrizes Nacionais para Educação em Direitos Humanos, deve estruturar um conjunto de orientações para a educação emancipatória, estimulando práticas e projetos na construção de sujeitos conectados com princípios éticos, que valorizem a diversidade, reconheçam as diferenças e contribuam para a redução da violência, desigualdade econômica e melhor distribuição de renda, entendendo a escola como um espaço indispensável à Educação em Direitos Humanos, devendo incluir em seus projetos políticos pedagógicos institucionais a formação política da comunidade escolar, o desenvolvimento da solidariedade e a valorização do bem comum.