bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The 100 most‐cited papers in dentistry for individuals with neurodevelopmental disorders: Bibliometric profile of scientific research
Authors: Kammer Pedro Vitali , Moro Juliana Silva , Martins‐Júnior Paulo Antônio , Cardoso Mariane , Bolan Michele , Santana Carla Miranda
Published: December 2021

Aim

To conduct a bibliometric analysis of the top 100 most‐cited papers in dentistry for individuals with neurodevelopmental disorders.

Methods and Results

A search strategy was constructed and conducted at the Web of Science in the category of “Dentistry, Oral Surgery, and Medicine”. The following information was extracted from each paper: title, authorship, year of publication, title of the journal, study subject, study design, age range of sample participants, type of disability, institution, country and continent, number of citations and citation density. Google Scholar and Scopus were used to crosscheck the number of citations of the most‐cited papers. The VOSviewer software was used to generate bibliometric network maps. The papers received 4453 citations in Web of Science, ranging from 30 to 106 citations. Most papers were published by the USA (35%), had an observational design (78%) and the main subject was epidemiology (31%). Most studies focused on individuals with Down syndrome (34%) and Autism Spectrum Disorder (18%) and were published in the Journal of Periodontology (10%) and the Pediatric Dentistry Journal (7%).

Conclusion

Most of the studies included in this review were characterized as epidemiological studies. Future research should focus on behavior guidance, dental education, and access to dental services.
Cross‐education effects of unilateral accentuated eccentric isoinertial resistance training on lean mass and function
Authors: Maroto‐Izquierdo Sergio , Nosaka Kazunori , Blazevich Anthony J. , González‐Gallego Javier , de Paz José A.
Published: December 2021

Purpose

We investigated the effects of three different unilateral isoinertial resistance training protocols with eccentric overload on changes in lean mass and muscle function of trained (TL) and contralateral non‐trained (NTL) legs.

Methods

Physically active university students were randomly assigned to one of three training groups or a control group (n = 10/group). Participants in the training groups performed dominant leg isoinertial squat training twice a week for 6 weeks (4 sets of 7 repetitions) using either an electric‐motor device with an eccentric phase velocity of 100% (EM100) or 150% (EM150) of concentric phase velocity or a conventional flywheel device (FW) with the same relative inertial load. Changes in thigh lean mass, unilateral leg‐press one‐repetition maximum (1‐RM), muscle power at 40–80% 1‐RM, and unilateral vertical jump height before and after training were compared between the groups and between TL and NTL.

Results

No changes in any variable were found for the control group. In TL, all training groups showed similar increases (p < 0.05) in 1‐RM strength (22.4–30.2%), lean tissue mass (2.5–5.8%), muscle power (8.8–21.7%), and vertical jump height (9.1–32.9%). In NTL, 1‐RM strength increased 22.0–27.8% without significant differences between groups; however, increases in lean mass (p < 0.001) were observed for EM150 (3.5%) and FW (3.8%) only. Unilateral vertical jump height (6.0–32.9%) and muscle power (6.8–17.5%) also increased in NTL without significant differences between training groups.

Conclusion

The three eccentric‐overload resistance training modalities produced similar neuromuscular changes in both the trained and non‐trained legs, suggesting that strong cross‐education effects were induced by the eccentric‐overload training.
The kinetochore protein NNF1 has a moonlighting role in the vegetative development of Arabidopsis thaliana
Authors: Allipra Sreejith , Anirudhan Krishnapriya , Shivanandan Siddharth , Raghunathan Abhishek , Maruthachalam Ravi
Published: December 2021

The kinetochore is a supramolecular protein complex assembled on the chromosomes, essential for faithful segregation of the genome during cell divisions. More than 100 proteins are known to constitute the eukaryotic kinetochore architecture, primarily identified using non‐plant organisms. A majority of them are fast evolving and are under positive selection. Thus, functional characterization of the plant kinetochore proteins is limited as only a few conserved orthologs sharing sequence similarity with their animal counterparts have been examined. Here, we report the functional characterization of the Arabidopsis thaliana homolog of the yeast NNF1/human PMF1 outer kinetochore protein and show that it has both kinetochore and non‐kinetochore functions in plant growth and development. Knockout of NNF1 causes embryo lethality implying its essential role in cell division. AtNNF1 interacts with MIS12 in Y2H and co‐immunoprecipitation assays, confirming it is one of the constituents of the plant MIS12 complex. GFP‐NNF1 localizes to the kinetochore, rescuing the embryo lethal nnf1‐1−/− phenotype, but the rescued plants (GFP‐NNF1nnf1−/−) are dwarf, displaying hypomorphic phenotypes with no evidence of mitotic or meiotic segregation defects. GFP‐NNF1nnf1−/− dwarf plants have reduced levels of endogenous polyamines, which are partially rescued to wild‐type levels upon exogenous application of polyamines. Mutations in the putative leucine zipper‐like binding motif of NNF1 gave rise to a dominant‐negative tall plant phenotype reminiscent of constitutive gibberellic acid (GA) action. These contrasting hypomorphic dwarf and antimorphic tall phenotypes facilitated us to attribute a moonlighting role to Arabidopsis NNF1 affecting polyamine and GA metabolism apart from its primary role in kinetochores.
MRI monitoring of transplanted neonatal porcine islets labeled with polyvinylpyrrolidone‐coated superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles in a mouse model
Authors: Purich Kieran , Cai Haolei , Yang Bin , Xu Zhihao , Tessier Anthony G. , Black Adnan , Hung Ryan W. , Boivin Eric , Xu Baoyou , Wu Ping , Zhang Bo , Xin Dong , Fallone Biagio Gino , Rajotte Ray V. , Wu Yulian , Rayat Gina R.
Published: December 2021

Islet transplantation is a potential treatment option for certain patients with type 1 diabetes; however, it still faces barriers to widespread use, including the lack of tools to monitor islet grafts post‐transplantation. This study investigates whether labeling neonatal porcine islets (NPI) with polyvinylpyrrolidone‐coated superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (PVP‐SPIO) affects their function, and whether this nanoparticle can be utilized to monitor NPI xenografts with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in a mouse model. In vitro, PVP‐SPIO‐labeled NPI in an agarose gel was visualized clearly by MRI. PVP‐SPIO‐labeled islets were then transplanted under the kidney capsules of immunodeficient nondiabetic and diabetic mice. All diabetic mice that received transplantation of PVP‐SPIO‐labeled islets reached normoglycemia. Grafts appeared as hypo‐intense areas on MRI and were distinguishable from the surrounding tissues. Following injection of spleen cells from immunocompetent mice, normoglycemic recipient mice became diabetic and islet grafts showed an increase in volume, accompanied by a mixed signal on MRI. Overall, this study demonstrates that PVP‐SPIO did not affect the function of NPI that PVP‐SPIO‐labeled islets were easily seen on MRI, and changes in MRI signals following rejection suggest a potential use of PVP‐SPIO‐labeled islets to monitor graft viability.
X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy study of Pt-cluster-induced electronic-state change of CeO2(111) surfaces
Authors: Shahed Syed Mohammad Fakruddin , Beniya Atsushi , Hirata Hirohito , Watanabe Yoshihide
Published: December 2021

We investigated the reduction of a CeO2(111) surface after the deposition of size-selected Pt8 clusters on it via x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Electron transfer from Pt to CeO2(111) results in the reduction of Ce4+ to Ce3+ and the subsequent formation of Ptδ+ atoms at the interface. We quantitatively estimated the reduction from the Ce3+/(Ce3+ + Ce4+) ratio determined from the Ce3d spectra. Approximately 30% of Ce4+ under or in the perimeter of the Pt8 cluster was reduced to Ce3+. The XPS spectra showed an increase in the ratio of Ce3+/(Ce3+ + Ce4+) with an increase in the amount of Pt8 clusters deposited on the CeO2(111) surface. The reduction of 3.7 Ce4+ to Ce3+ per Pt8 clusters, followed by the formation of 3.7 Ptδ+ atoms per Pt8 clusters was observed at 0.006 ML (mono layer) Pt coverage. The actual Ce3+ formation influenced by Pt deposition was approximately 2.5%. We estimate that approximately 30% of Ce4+ under or in the perimeter of a Pt8 cluster was reduced to Ce3+. At a higher coverage of 0.015 ML, the reduction of 2.2 Ce4+ to Ce3+ per Pt8 cluster, followed by the formation of 3.2 Ptδ+ atoms per Pt8 cluster was observed. This implies the aggregation of Pt clusters occurred at a higher Pt coverage. Atomically precise quantification of the electron transfer across the Pt–CeO2(111) interface can enable an improved understanding of the metal-support interaction.
Fabry–Perot-cavity-based refractometry without influence of mirror penetration depth
Authors: Forssén C. , Silander I. , Zakrisson J. , Zelan M. , Axner O.
Published: December 2021

Assessments of refractivity in a Fabry–Perot (FP) cavity by refractometry often encompass a step in which the penetration depth of the light into the mirrors is estimated to correct for the fraction of the cavity length into which no gas can penetrate. However, as it is currently carried out, this procedure is not always coherently performed. Here, we discuss a common pitfall that can be a reason for this and provide a recipe on how to perform FP-cavity-based refractometry without any influence of mirror penetration depth.

At the request of the authors and editor, this article is being retracted effective 24 July 2023.
Maa's equation for the number of normal modes of sound waves in rectangular rooms
Authors: Xiang Ning
Published: December 2021

The Reflections series takes a look back on historical articles from The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America that have had a significant impact on the science and practice of acoustics.
Impact of Physical Activity Intensity Levels on the Cardiometabolic Risk Status of Children: The Genobox Study
Authors: Llorente-Cantarero Francisco J. , Aguilar-Gómez Francisco J. , Bueno-Lozano Gloria , Anguita-Ruiz Augusto , Rupérez Azahara I. , Vázquez-Cobela Rocío , Flores-Rojas Katherine , Aguilera Concepción M. , Moreno Luis A. , Gil Ángel , Leis Rosaura , Gil-Campos Mercedes
Published: December 2021

Childhood obesity has been related to metabolic syndrome and low-grade chronic inflammation. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of physical activity intensities and practice on inflammation, endothelial damage, and cardiometabolic risk factors in children. There were 513 participants, aged 6–14 years, recruited for the study. Physical activity was measured by accelerometry, and the children were classified into four groups according to quartiles of moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) practice as very low active, low active, moderate active, and high active. Anthropometric measures, blood pressure, and plasma metabolic and proinflammatory parameters were analyzed. Very low active group presented a worse lipid profile and higher insulin, leptin, adiponectin, resistin, matrix metallopeptidase-9, and tissue plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, while lower levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha, Type 1 macrophages, and interleukin 8 than high-active children. Regression analyses showed that a higher MVPA practice was associated with lower levels of triacylglycerols (β: −0.118; p = .008), resistin (β: −0.151; p = .005), tPAI (β: −0.105; p = .046), and P-selectin (β: −0.160; p = .006), independently of sex, age, and body mass index (BMI). In contrast, a higher BMI was associated with higher levels of insulin (β: 0.370; p < .001), Homeostasis Model Assessment (β: 0.352; p < .001), triacylglycerols (β: 0.209; p < .001), leptin (β: 0.654; p < .001), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (β: 0.182; p < .001), Type 1macrophages (β: 0.181; p < .001), and tissue plasminogen activator inhibitor (β: 0.240; p < .001), independently of sex, age, and MVPA. A better anthropometric, metabolic, and inflammatory profile was detected in the most active children; however, these differences were partly due to BMI. These results suggest that a higher MVPA practice and a lower BMI in children may lead to a better cardiometabolic status.
Heart neurons use clock genes to control myocyte proliferation
Authors: Tampakakis Emmanouil , Gangrade Harshi , Glavaris Stephanie , Htet Myo , Murphy Sean , Lin Brian Leei , Liu Ting , Saberi Amir , Miyamoto Matthew , Kowalski William , Mukouyama Yoh-Suke , Lee Gabsang , Minichiello Liliana , Kwon Chulan
Published: December 2021

Neurons regulate cardiomyocyte proliferation through clock genes.
Xenogeneic skin transplantation promotes angiogenesis and tissue regeneration through activated Trem2
+
macrophages
Authors: Henn Dominic , Chen Kellen , Fehlmann Tobias , Trotsyuk Artem A. , Sivaraj Dharshan , Maan Zeshaan N. , Bonham Clark A. , Barrera Janos A. , Mays Chyna J. , Greco Autumn H. , Moortgat Illouz Sylvia E. , Lin John Qian , Steele Sydney R. , Foster Deshka S. , Padmanabhan Jagannath , Momeni Arash , Nguyen Dung , Wan Derrick C. , Kneser Ulrich , Januszyk Michael , Keller Andreas , Longaker Michael T. , Gurtner Geoffrey C.
Published: December 2021

Vitamin D–activated Trem2
+
macrophages provide a novel strategy to develop advanced cell therapies for complex wounds.
The CD22-IGF2R interaction is a therapeutic target for microglial lysosome dysfunction in Niemann-Pick type C
Authors: Pluvinage John V. , Sun Jerry , Claes Christel , Flynn Ryan A. , Haney Michael S. , Iram Tal , Meng Xiangling , Lindemann Rachel , Riley Nicholas M. , Danhash Emma , Chadarevian Jean Paul , Tapp Emma , Gate David , Kondapavulur Sravani , Cobos Inma , Chetty Sundari , Pașca Anca M. , Pașca Sergiu P. , Berry-Kravis Elizabeth , Bertozzi Carolyn R. , Blurton-Jones Mathew , Wyss-Coray Tony
Published: December 2021

An oligodendrocyte-derived protein in cerebrospinal fluid impairs microglial lysosome function.
Klebsiella oxytoca Complex: Update on Taxonomy, Antimicrobial Resistance, and Virulence
Authors: Yang Jing , Long Haiyan , Hu Ya , Feng Yu , McNally Alan , Zong Zhiyong
Published: December 2021

Klebsiella oxytoca
is actually a complex of nine species—
Klebsiella grimontii
,
Klebsiella huaxiensis
,
Klebsiella michiganensis
,
K. oxytoca
,
Klebsiella pasteurii
,
Klebsiella spallanzanii
, and three unnamed novel species. Phenotypic tests can assign isolates to the complex, but precise species identification requires genome-based analysis.
Improved Diagnosis of Viable Parenchymal Neurocysticercosis by Combining Antibody Banding Patterns on Enzyme-Linked Immunoelectrotransfer Blot (EITB) with Antigen Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA)
Authors: Arroyo Gianfranco , Bustos Javier A. , Lescano Andres G. , Gonzales Isidro , Saavedra Herbert , Pretell E. Javier , Castillo Yesenia , Perez Erika , Dorny Pierre , Gilman Robert H. , O’Neal Seth E. , Gonzalez Armando E. , Garcia Hector H.
Published: December 2021

The diagnosis of neuricysticercosis (NCC) depends on neuroimaging and serological confirmation. While antibody detection by enzyme-linked immunoelectrotransfer blot (EITB) fails to predict viable NCC, EITB banding patterns provide information about the host’s infection course. Adding antigen enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (Ag-ELISA) results to EITB banding patterns may improve their ability to predict or rule out of viable NCC.
Strong Increase in Moxifloxacin Resistance Rate among Multidrug-Resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis Isolates in China, 2007 to 2013
Authors: Xia Hui , Zheng Yang , Liu Dongxin , Wang Shengfen , He WenCong , Zhao Bing , Song Yuanyuan , Ou Xichao , Zhou Yang , van den Hof Susan , Cobelens Frank , Zhao YanLin
Published: December 2021

China is one of the high-burden countries for multidrug-resistant/rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis (MDR/RR-TB). Moxifloxacin is one of the critical antituberculosis drugs for MDR/RR-TB treatment.
Phylogenetic Distribution of CRISPR-Cas Systems in
Staphylococcus lugdunensis
Authors: Kao Cheng-Yen , Lu Jang-Jih , Lin Lee-Chung , Lin Hsiao-Chi , Chang Shih-Cheng
Published: December 2021

CRISPR-Cas systems have been characterized as playing several biological roles in many bacterial genomes. Moreover, CRISPR-Cas systems are useful for epidemiological, diagnostic, and evolutionary studies of pathogenic bacteria.
Monthly insolation linked to the time-transgressive nature of the Holocene East Asian monsoon precipitation maximum
Authors: Zhou Xin , Zhan Tao , Tu Luyao , Smol John P. , Jiang Shiwei , Liu Xiaoyan , Xu Chenxi , Guo Zhengtang
Published: December 2021

More than 10% of the world's population lives in the East Asian monsoon (EAM) region, where precipitation patterns are critical to agricultural and industrial activities. However, the dominant forcing mechanisms driving spatiotemporal changes in the EAM remain unclear. We selected Holocene records tracking monsoon precipitation in the EAM region reconstructed from pollen data to explore the spatiotemporal patterns of monsoon precipitation changes. Our analysis shows a time-transgressive pattern of maximum precipitation, with earlier occurrence in the southern area and later occurrence in the northern area. The monthly insolation changes force monsoon precipitation in different parts of the EAM region through a shift in the Western Pacific Subtropical High. We conclude that low-latitude monthly insolation changes (rather than average summer insolation changes) were the main forcing mechanisms of the spatiotemporal patterns of the monsoon precipitation maximum during the Holocene.
Microscopic Model to Take into Account Complex Configurations for Pygmy and Giant Resonances
Authors: Kamerdzhiev S. P. , Shitov M. I.
Published: December 2021

A microscopic model for taking into account quasiparticle–phonon interaction in magic nuclei is considered within nuclear quantum many-body theory. This model is of interest for constructing a microscopic theory of pygmy and giant multipole resonances—first of all, a description of their fine structure. This article reports on a continuation and development of our earlier study [1]. Basic physics results of that study are confirmed here, and new results are obtained: (i) exact (not approximate, as in [1]) expressions for the first and second variations of the vertex in the phonon field are found and employed; (ii) a new equation involving, in addition to the known effective interaction, the total amplitude for particle–hole interaction is derived for the vertex, which is the main ingredient in the theory of finite Fermi systems; (iii) the required two-phonon configurations are obtained owing to the last result. The new equation for the vertex now contains complex configurations such as $$1p1h\otimes\textrm{phonon}$$ and two-phonon ones, along with numerous ground-state correlations.
Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on mental health of nursing students in Japan: protocol for a cross-sectional study
Authors: Kako Jun , Ito Yoshiyasu , Kajiwara Kohei , Kimura Yasutaka , Kakeda Takahiro , Hamanishi Seiji , Sasaki Shinsuke , Yamanaka Makoto , Kiyohara Hana , Wakiguchi Yuki , Endo Yoji , Harada Kimie , Koga Yuji , Ishida Michiko , Nishida Yoko , Kobayashi Masamitsu , Tsubaki Michihiro
Published: December 2021

Introduction

The COVID-19 pandemic is spreading globally with a high risk of mortality. It is also significantly affecting mental health. For nursing students, the impact of COVID-19 on mental health is predicted to be significant; however, sufficient data have not been obtained. Therefore, this study will aim to assess the mental health of nursing students and evaluate the related factors.

Methods and analysis

This proposed study is a cross-sectional survey using a self-report questionnaire. An online questionnaire will be distributed among all nursing students of eight universities in Japan. The survey questionnaire will consist of questions related to demography, life satisfaction, fear of COVID-19, mental health and physical activities. The target sample size is 1300 nursing students. We will calculate descriptive statistics for each measurement item and perform univariate and logistic regression analyses to evaluate the potential risk factors for anxiety, depression and insomnia symptoms in nursing students. The strength of association will be assessed using the OR and its 95% CIs. Statistical significance will be set at a p<0.05.

Ethics and dissemination

The protocol was approved by the Institutional Review Board (IRB) of the University of Hyogo on 22 March 2021 (ID: 2020F29). In addition, all of the participating facilities required ethical approval from their local IRBs. The findings will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publications and conference presentations. We believe that the proposed large-scale investigation of the mental health of nursing students during the COVID-19 pandemic and the relationship between mental health and fear of COVID-19 are novel and will be a strength of this study.
Impacts of ambient temperature and seasonal changes on sports injuries in Madrid, Spain: a time-series regression analysis
Authors: Tobías Aurelio , Casals Martí , Saez Marc , Kamada Masamitsu , Kim Yoonhee
Published: December 2021

Objectives

Recreational physical activity is an integral part of our society, and the injuries caused by sports activities are a concern for public health. We studied the effect of outdoor ambient temperature on hospital emergency department visits caused by sports injuries in Madrid, Spain, and accounted for its seasonal changes.

Methods

We used a time-series design. Data was analysed with quasi-Poisson regression models. We calculated the proportion of emergency visits attributable to seasonal changes before and after adjusting for daily ambient temperature. We modelled the association between emergency visits and temperature using distributed lag non-linear models.

Results

The proportion of emergency visits attributable to seasonal changes was 24.1% and decreased to 7.6% after adjusting for temperature. We found a high risk of emergency visits associated with cold and hot temperatures, whereas the risk was higher for heat.

Conclusion

Sports and recreational physical activity injuries are not rare events; therefore, appropriate healthcare decisions should consider the impact of outdoor ambient temperature and seasonal changes.
Estimating the environmental impact of disposable endoscopic equipment and endoscopes
Authors: Namburar Sathvik , von Renteln Daniel , Damianos John , Bradish Lisa , Barrett Jeanne , Aguilera-Fish Andres , Cushman-Roisin Benoit , Pohl Heiko
Published: December 2021

Objective

Procedure-intense specialties, such as surgery or endoscopy, are a major contributor to the impact of the healthcare sector on the environment. We aimed to measure the amount of waste generated during endoscopic procedures and to understand the impact on waste of changing from reusable to single use endoscopes in the USA.

Design

We conducted a 5-day audit (cross-sectional study) of all endoscopies performed at two US academic medical centres with low and a high endoscopy volume (2000 and 13 000 procedures annually, respectively). We calculated the average disposable waste (excluding waste from reprocessing) generated during one endoscopic procedure to estimate waste of all endoscopic procedures generated in the USA annually (18 million). We further estimated the impact of changing from reusable to single-use endoscopes taking reprocessing waste into account.

Results

278 endoscopies were performed for 243 patients. Each endoscopy generated 2.1 kg of disposable waste (46 L volume). 64% of waste was going to the landfill, 28% represented biohazard waste and 9% was recycled. The estimated total waste generated during all endoscopic procedures performed in the USA annually would weigh 38 000 metric tons (equivalent of 25 000 passenger cars) and cover 117 soccer fields to 1 m depth. If all endoscopic procedures were performed with single-use endoscopes and accounting for reprocessing, the net waste mass would increase by 40%. Excluding waste from ancillary supplies, net waste generated from reprocessing and endoscope disposal would quadruple with only using single-use endoscopes.

Conclusion

This quantitative assessment of the environmental impact of endoscopic procedures highlights that a large amount of waste is generated from disposable instruments. Transitioning to single-use endoscopes may reduce reprocessing waste but would increase net waste.
Previous tuberculosis disease as a risk factor for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a cross-sectional analysis of multicountry, population-based studies
Authors: Kamenar Katarina , Hossen Shakir , Gupte Akshay N , Siddharthan Trishul , Pollard Suzanne , Chowdhury Muhammad , Rubinstein Adolfo L , Irazola Vilma E , Gutierrez Laura , Miranda J Jaime , Bernabe-Ortiz Antonio , Alam Dewan , Kirenga Bruce , Jones Rupert C , van Gemert Frederik , Wise Robert A , Checkley William
Published: December 2021

Background

Risk factors for COPD in high-income settings are well understood; however, less attention has been paid to contributors of COPD in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs) such as pulmonary tuberculosis. We sought to study the association between previous tuberculosis disease and COPD by using pooled population-based cross-sectional data in 13 geographically diverse, low-resource settings.

Methods

We pooled six cohorts in 13 different LMIC settings, 6 countries and 3 continents to study the relationship between self-reported previous tuberculosis disease and lung function outcomes including COPD (defined as a postbronchodilator forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1)/forced vital capacity (FVC) below the lower limit of normal). Multivariable regressions with random effects were used to examine the association between previous tuberculosis disease and lung function outcomes.

Results

We analysed data for 12 396 participants (median age 54.0 years, 51.5% male); 332 (2.7%) of the participants had previous tuberculosis disease. Overall prevalence of COPD was 8.8% (range 1.7%–15.5% across sites). COPD was four times more common among those with previous tuberculosis disease (25.7% vs 8.3% without previous tuberculosis disease, p<0.001). The adjusted odds of having COPD was 3.78 times higher (95% CI 2.87 to 4.98) for participants with previous tuberculosis disease than those without a history of tuberculosis disease. The attributable fraction of COPD due to previous tuberculosis disease in the study sample was 6.9% (95% CI 4.8% to 9.6%). Participants with previous tuberculosis disease also had lower prebronchodilator Z-scores for FEV1(−0.70, 95% CI −0.84 to −0.55), FVC (−0.44, 95% CI −0.59 to −0.29) and the FEV1:FVC ratio (−0.63, 95% CI −0.76 to −0.51) when compared with those without previous tuberculosis disease.

Conclusions

Previous tuberculosis disease is a significant and under-recognised risk factor for COPD and poor lung function in LMICs. Better tuberculosis control will also likely reduce the global burden of COPD.
Recent, national trends in US adolescent use of menthol and non-menthol cigarettes
Authors: Miech Richard A , Leventhal Adam M , Johnson Lloyd D
Published: December 2021

Objective

In light of the current U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) proposal to ban menthol cigarettes, this study updates trends in menthol cigarette use among adolescents age 13–18 years up to the year 2020. The study considers a potential role for the ban to reduce black/non-black disparities in menthol cigarette use, as well as a counterargument that a ban is not necessary because menthol use is already diminishing.

Methods

Data are from annual, cross-sectional, nationally representative Monitoring the Future (MTF) surveys of 85 547 8th, 10th and 12th grade students surveyed between 2012 and 2020. Analyses include trends in past 30-day menthol and non-menthol cigarette smoking among the total adolescent population, as well as stratified by race/ethnicity.

Results

Declines in adolescent menthol and non-menthol cigarette smoking continued through 2020 so that in 2018–2020 past 30-day prevalence for each was less than 1% for non-Hispanic black adolescents and less than 2.2% for non-black adolescents. For non-Hispanic black adolescents no smoking declines in mentholated or non-mentholated cigarette use from 2015–2017 to 2018–2020 were statistically significant, in part because prevalence levels approached a floor effect and had little room to fall further. Menthol levels were lower for non-Hispanic black versus all other adolescents in all study years.

Conclusions

Continuing declines in adolescent menthol prevalence indicate that both menthol prevalence and also black/non-black disparities in its use are steadily decreasing. However, these decreases in adolescence will take decades to reach later ages through generational replacement. Efforts to accelerate menthol decreases will require new initiatives to increase cessation among adult menthol users.
The role of propagule pressure and environmental factors on the establishment of a large invasive cyprinid: black carp in the Laurentian Great Lakes basin
Authors: Smyth Eric R.B. , Drake D. Andrew R.
Published: December 2021

Understanding the factors underlying species establishment is critical for the management of invasive fishes, yet the roles of propagule pressure and environmental factors are infrequently quantified in joint models. We estimated the establishment likelihood of the invasive black carp (Mylopharyngodon piceus) by examining the relative influence of propagule pressure (introduction size and age structure) and environmental factors (temperature-driven young-of-year [YOY] overwinter survival, adult survival, age at maturity, and longevity). Simulations demonstrated that both propagule pressure and environmental factors can act as non-linear bottlenecks to establishment. When the model was applied to 12 Great Lakes tributaries and nearshore areas, black carp establishment was probable with sufficient propagules and under most environmental conditions (median p = 0.21–0.73, 0.70–1.00, and 0.46–0.97 for 100 pairs of age 4, age 9, and age 16 fish, respectively), except for YOY (p < 0.01). Our analysis is one of the few studies to examine the relative role of propagule pressure and environmental conditions on establishment, indicating that both factors can lead to establishment failure independently or concurrently within an ecosystem.
Research on the Influence Mechanism of Block Chain on the Credit of Transportation Capacity Supply Chain Finance
Authors: Xu Lili , Yang Yubin , Chu Xuejian
Published: December 2021

This paper aims at the promotion of the application of inclusive financing into transportation capacity financing by combining transportation capacity supply chain with block chain technology as a brand-new financing topic. It focuses on the influencing mechanism by block chain on credit access, credit line, and credit supervision. From the perspective of “transportation” finance, the application of block chain in different scenarios is demonstrated after analyzing the attenuation process of credit transmission in the supply chain, the reviewing of two credit line evaluation methods of business self-compensation and credit guarantee, and the reviewing of regulatory requirements in transaction closed-loop, delivery closed-loop, and capital closed-loop; therefore the 3 major influencing mechanisms by block chain on the transportation capacity supply chain financing credit granting are discovered, indicating the effective improvement of financial institutions participation and better credit line for the financing of micro, medium, and small transportation enterprises (SMEs) by the application of block chain technology.
Design of Breakdown and Checklist for Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy
Authors: Wang Shujuan , Kang Yan , Wang Xiaoqing , Wei Lanling , Zhu Yanan , Yuan Huilin
Published: December 2021

Objective. This study aimed to improve the quality of continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT). Methods. A pool of candidate indicators was established using literature retrieval, panel discussion, and experience summary. The first round of consultation was performed with the selected 18 experts by the Delphi method. Then, the checklist was modified according to the experts’ opinions for the second round of consultation to prepare the final checklist. Results. The positivity coefficients of experts in the two rounds of consultation were 100% and 88.9%, respectively, with the authority coefficient of 0.88. The Kendall coordination coefficients of the primary and secondary indicators were 0.296 and 0.303, respectively (

P
<
0.05

). Finally, the breakdown and checklist were prepared, which involved 16 primary indicators and 56 secondary indicators. Conclusion. The scientific and reasonable breakdown and checklist prepared based on a consultation can provide scientific guidance for nursing during CRRT, reduce the incidence of adverse events, and improve work efficiency and satisfaction of medical care.
Isolated Fallopian Tube Torsion: A Rare Entity
Authors: Banerjee Indranil , Thakur Yatin , Mukherjee Gargi , Jadhav Jitendra , Sahare Amita
Published: December 2021

Isolated fallopian tube torsion is an extremely rare occurrence in a young female. The lady concerned presented with acute abdominal pain and the ovaries were normal on the scan with dilated fallopian tubes. On laparoscopy, it was revealed that she was suffering from fallopian tube torsion and laparoscopic salpingectomy was performed. The patient recovered well postoperatively.
Variable Heights Influence Lower Extremity Biomechanics and Reactive Strength Index during Drop Jump: An Experimental Study of Male High Jumpers
Authors: Tong Zehao , Zhai Feng , Xu Hang , Chen Wenjia , Cui Jiesheng
Published: December 2021

Introduction. This study finds the lower limbs’ reactive strength index and biomechanical parameters on variable heights. Objective. This research aims to reveal the effects of drop height on lower limbs’ reactive strength index and biomechanical parameters. Methods. Two AMTI force platforms and Vicon motion capture system were used to collect kinematic and dynamic signals of the lower limbs. Results. The drop height had significant effects on peak vertical ground reaction force and peak vertical ground reaction force in the extension phase, lower limbs’ support moment, eccentric power of the hip joint, eccentric power of the knee joint, eccentric power of the ankle joint, and concentric power of the hip joint. The drop height had no significant effects on the reactive strength index. Reactive strength index (RSI) had no significant correlations with the personal best of high jumpers. The optimal loading height for the maximum reactive strength index was 0.45 m. Conclusion. The optimal loading height for the reactive strength index can be used for explosive power training and lower extremity injury prevention.
The Academic Achievement of Secondary Students in Bangladesh: Assessing the Role of Socioeconomic Status, School Attributes, and Academic Activities
Authors: Oyshi Ferdousi Jahan , Suhi Sadia Sharmin , Sultana Afsana , Jahan Nusrat , Hossain Md. Tanvir
Published: December 2021

This study was aimed at assessing the role of socioeconomic status (SES), school attributes (SA), and academic activities (AA) in the academic achievement of secondary school students in Bangladesh. Data were collected by administering a self-administered questionnaire from 1,043 secondary school students using a multistage cluster random sampling. Hierarchical regression suggested that religion significantly but negatively influenced the academic achievement of secondary students, while SES, teacher-student ratio, performance, and education system significantly predicted the academic achievement, although the latter had a negative impact. Besides, self-regulation and communication also showed a substantial role in determining good academic achievement. Policymakers should pay attention to the SES composition of schools and their quality and mode of education, and certain regulatory activities to achieve quality and all-inclusive education in Bangladesh.
Generalized Pruritus and Gradual Loss of Vision as the Presenting Complaints of Acute HIV Infection: Management Challenges during COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Paul Shrebash , Rahman S. M. Mahbubur , Rahman Rajibur , Rahman Mahbubur , Uddin Ahmed Quazi Mamtaz , Alam Rafiqul , Chowdhury Fazle Rabbi
Published: December 2021

Background. Although the prevalence of HIV is low in Bangladesh, there is a potential for an increased number of cases. This is because of high cross-border mobility (India and Myanmar) of people and increased injection drug abusers amongst youth in the cities and rural areas, HIV can present in many ways, from asymptomatic to advanced disease, including various atypical (generalized itching) and advanced (loss of vision) manifestations. A high degree of suspicion is required to diagnose HIV in a country like Bangladesh. Early diagnosis and prompt treatment are essential to have a better outcome. Methods. Here, we report two thought-provoking cases where patients were suffering from generalized itchy lesions (pruritic papular eruption) throughout the body for a long time and gradual loss of vision in another case. Results. Due to lack of suspicion, initially, HIV screening was not done. Both patients visited several health centres, but no diagnosis was made. Moreover, COVID-19 pandemic worsens the situation. Finally, they were diagnosed with HIV; unfortunately, one of them lost her vision due to CMV retinitis and another patient died of other complications. Conclusion. Ongoing COVID-19 pandemic put many challenges to ensure optimum care, especially for patients with long-sufferings like HIV. Clinicians have to have a very high degree of suspicion while dealing with patients presented with rare manifestations, particularly in a low endemic clinical setting.
Research on Organic Nanopore Adsorption Mechanism and Influencing Factors of Shale Oil Reservoirs
Authors: He Yanfeng , Qi Guodong , Dou Xiangji , Duan Run , Pan Nan , Guo Luyao , Tao Zhengwu
Published: December 2021

The adsorption properties of shale oil are of great significance to the development of shale oil resources. This study is aimed at understanding the microscopic adsorption mechanism of shale oil in organic nanopores. Thus, a molecular model of organic micropore walls and multicomponent fluids of CO2, C4H10, C8H18, and C12H26 is constructed to investigate the adsorption pattern of multicomponent fluids in organic nanopores under different temperature and pore size conditions. The quantity and heat of adsorption are simulated with the Monte Carlo method, which has been used in previous studies for single-or two-component fluids. The results demonstrate that the ability of CO2 to displace various alkanes is different. Specifically, medium-chain n-alkanes are slightly weaker than light alkanes in competitive sorption, and long-chain n-alkanes are less conducive to competitive sorption. The higher the CO2 sorption ratio, the more the sorption sites occupied by CO2. Thus, it is the best replacement for shale oil. The adsorption quantity of carbon dioxide, n-butane, and n-octane in organic nanopores first increases and then decreases as temperature rises. Meanwhile, the adsorption quantity of n-dodecane decreases firstly and then increases. With the increase in the pore size, the adsorption quantity of carbon dioxide, n-butane, and n-octane in organic nanopores increases while the adsorption quantity of n-dodecane first increases and then decreases. Besides, the model with larger pore sizes is more sensitive to pressure changes in the adsorption of carbon dioxide and n-butane than the model with smaller pore sizes. The heat of adsorption is CO2, C12H26, C8H18, and C4H10 in descending order. All are physical adsorption. Moreover, the adsorption quantity of all four components mixed fluid in the organic matter nanopores is positively correlated with the heat of adsorption.
Efficiency of the Integrated Nitrogen Removal Device to Remove Ammonia in a Hog House
Authors: Lyu Chen , Li Na , Li Ming , Lyu Yiyan , Liu Zhaoying , Zhong Shuang
Published: December 2021

It is crucial to explore new methods to deal with ammonia pollution in hog barns. In this experiment, ammonia gas generated from the decomposition of nitrogenous organic matter, such as feed and manure in hog barns, was studied. Growing environmental parameters monitored included temperature, humidity, and ammonia nitrogen concentration. For 92 days between March and May, ammonia emissions were characterized by monitoring and collecting the ammonia concentration during the selected time. The results showed that the average temperature in the hog house was 18.2 ± 2.7°C, the humidity was 62.7 ± 0.3%, and the average ammonia concentration range was 17.7∼23.1 mg m−3. The collected ammonia-nitrogen-containing wastewater that entered the denitrification device showed 173, 232, 201, and 280 mgNH4-N/L, respectively. An integrated denitrification device with anaerobic ammonia-oxidizing bacteria as a functional strain was used for denitrification treatment. Through the change of ion concentration in the incoming and outgoing water, an 85.5% average denitrification efficiency was calculated according to the denitrification reaction chemical formula. Thus, the results presented here provide data support for the future use of microbial denitrification equipment to treat ammonia in hog houses.
Sequential Immune Thrombocytopenia (ITP) and Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura (TTP) in an Elderly Male Patient with Primary Sjogren’s Syndrome: When in Doubt, Use the PLASMIC Score
Authors: Miller Devon D. , Krenzer Joseph A. , Kenkre Vaishalee P. , Rose William Nicholas
Published: December 2021

Introduction. Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) is a rare, life-threatening thrombotic microangiopathy due to an acquired autoantibody to ADAMTS13 that requires a boutique treatment, urgent plasma exchange. Thus, TTP is often termed a “cannot miss” diagnosis. Case. We report a patient with TTP who had a history of immune thrombocytopenia (ITP), had atypical demographics for TTP, and had also met criteria for primary Sjogren’s syndrome. This exceedingly rare combination presented a temptation to dismiss TTP as a diagnosis. Discussion. Our case further demonstrates the practical utility of using the PLASMIC score as a tool that can help identify patients with TTP even when the patient has statistically rare characteristics.
Considering Psychosocial Factors When Investigating Blood Pressure in Patients with Short Sleep Duration: A Propensity Score Matched Analysis
Authors: Qian Ningjing , Yang Dandan , Li Huajun , Ding Siyin , Yu Xia , Fan Qingqiu , Yu Zhebin , Ye Shenfeng , Yu Hualiang , Wang Yaping , Pan Xiaohong
Published: December 2021

Few studies have considered psychosocial characteristics when investigating the associations between sleep duration and blood pressure (BP). In this study, we took propensity score matching (PSM) to adjust for psychosocial characteristics when comparing BP between individuals with short sleep duration and those with normal sleep duration. A total of 429 participants were included. 72 participants with sleep duration ≤6 h and 65 participants with sleep duration >6 h were matched after PSM. We compared office BP, 24-hour BP, and prevalence of hypertension in the populations before and after PSM, respectively. In the unmatched population, participants with sleep duration ≤6 h were observed with higher office diastolic BP (DBP) and 24-h systolic BP (SBP)/DBP (all

P
<
0.05

). In the matched populations, the differences between the two groups (sleep duration ≤6 h vs. sleep duration >6 h) in office DBP (88.4 ± 10.9 vs. 82.5 ± 11.1 mm Hg;

P
=
0.002

), 24-h SBP (134.7 ± 12.0 vs. 129.3 ± 11.6 mm Hg;

P
=
0.009

), and 24-h DBP (83.4 ± 9.9 vs. 78.1 ± 10.1 mm Hg;

P
=
0.002

) become more significant. Participants with sleep duration ≤6 h only show higher prevalence of hypertension based on 24-h BP data, while analysis after PSM further revealed that these with sleep duration ≤6 h presented about 20% higher prevalence of elevated BP up to office diagnosed hypertension threshold. Therefore, psychosocial characteristics accompanied with short sleep duration should be fully valued in individuals at risks for elevated BP. This trial is registered with NCT03866226.
Efficacy of Topical Hydrocortisone in Combination with Topical Ciclosporin A for the Treatment of Dry Eye Disease in Patients with Sjögren Syndrome
Authors: Fondi Klemens , Miháltz Kata , Vécsei-Marlovits Pia Veronika
Published: December 2021

Introduction. The aim of this randomized, observer-masked, parallel group study was to evaluate the short-term and long-term effects of topical hydrocortisone administered in addition to topical ciclosporin A for the first 2 weeks of the treatment in patients with dry eye disease associated with Sjögren syndrome. Materials and Methods. 24 eyes of 12 patients with severe dry eye disease associated with Sjögren syndrome were included in this study. Both eyes of all patients were treated with preservative-free Ciclosporin A eye drops once daily for 6 months. Additionally, one eye of each patient received hydrocortisone eye drops three times daily for the first two weeks of treatment. The study parameters were assessed before treatment, after 2 weeks, and after 6 months of treatment. Results. Tear BUT and corneal fluorescein Oxford staining grade showed significant differences with respect to the baseline when treated with ciclosporin A and hydrocortisone (CsA + Hc) and a nonsignificant increase when treated with ciclosporin A (CsA) alone. After 6 months of treatment, significant increases of tear BUT and corneal Fluorescein Oxford staining grade compared to baseline could be observed in both treatment groups. Aberrometry measurements showed significantly increased optical image quality after 6 months in the CsA + Hc group, while no significant changes could be detected in the eyes treated with CsA alone. However, no significant differences between the two treatment groups could be detected. Discussion. This study indicates that hydrocortisone combined with ciclosporin A therapy may provide fast improvement of clinical symptoms and could have long-term positive effects on the optical image quality in severe DED patients with Sjögren syndrome.
Research on Test Method of Foundation Bed Coefficient in Nanjing Soft Soil Area
Authors: Zhang Min , Qiu Tao
Published: December 2021

Relying on the geotechnical engineering survey project of Nanjing Lukou Airport, this research adopts the method of combining in situ and indoor testing to analyze the coefficient of soil foundation under different conditions (flow plastic, plastic, and soft plastic). Based on the differences in test results, in situ and indoor test methods appropriate for the benchmark bed coefficient of Nanjing soft soil area are proposed. Research findings depicted that the bed coefficients obtained by different methods are not similar; therefore, if the data obtained by different methods need to be compared and analyzed, they have to be unified as

K

30

. Simultaneously, in the indoor test, this study compared the foundation bed coefficient obtained by the consolidation method, the improved

K

0

instrument consolidation method, and the triaxial method. Results revealed that the improved

K

0

instrument consolidation method can better realize the test of the soil foundation coefficient. This study can provide a reference for geotechnical investigation and design of soft soil in the study area.