bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hajj 2013: The Western Media Discourses
Authors: Shahid Sidra , Sial Nauman
Published: January 2021

Hajj is the fifth pillar of Islam and is the largest religious gathering on the globe. Every year, over two million Muslims make their way to Mecca to perform Hajj. The current study attempted to explore the themes that were dominant in the print media discourses of United Kingdom and United States about holy event Hajj. The study also tried to find out that how the Western print media constructed the identity of Muslims holy event. The qualitative discourse analysis has been used as a research design for this study. The two UK English dailies i.e. Daily Mail and The Guardian, and one online news publication IBTimes while two US English dailies i.e. Los Angeles Times and USA Today, and one online publication Huff Post have been selected for this purpose. A total of 20 news items from the year 2013 have been selected for the analysis. The results indicated that there was no significant difference in the assortment of themes by print media of UK and US. The Western media used the discourses of sectarianism and terrorism, and also highlighted the issues of Muslim sects. The results also revealed that the Western newspapers presented the importance of Hajj, but they also associated the gathering of Muslims with fears and threats.
Contributions and Criticism of Western Scholars on Islamic inheritance (An Analytical Study)
Authors: Dr. Farhat Aziz  , Yaqoob Muhammad Yousuf
Published: January 2021

In this paper, the criticisms and contributions of Western Scholars and their impacts on society have been discussed. To study the civilization‘s heritage, history, language, literature, fine arts, sciences, and sociology, of the people of East, by the westerns, is called Orientalism. In the ancient Arabic dictionary, the term “orientalism” is not present. In Europe, after the Renaissance, to introduce the East in the West, and to point out the expected interests of the West in the East, the Western Scholars performed their duty elegantly.  All of the ancient and modern western scholars wrote about the Holy Qur‘an, and almost all of them neglected its present order and tried to determine the order of revelation of Qur’anic verses according to their own mind. Torrey of Yale spent his whole life to find out contradictions in the book of God. Bell of Edinburgh applied the rules of higher criticism on Qur’anic injunctions. Many other orientalists as Arthur Jeffery, A.T.Welch, J.D.Pearson, Montgomery Watt and Karen Armstrong are also written about the Qur’an and biography of the prophet (PBUH). Western scholars also have a great role in denouncing the history of Islam. It is the need of the era to go through their literary efforts to explore their objectives and outcomes. It is also essential to study their struggle to prove about their right and wrong points. At a time, the Orientalists gained popularity among all schools of thought of different religions. This study is necessary and beneficial for all students, teachers and research scholars of every field of life.
Efecto de diferentes niveles de cloruro de sodio sobre el rendimiento productivo de los pollos de engorde
Authors: Rubina S. C. , Pujada H. N. , Airahuacho F. E.
Published: January 2021

Objetivos: Evaluar el efecto de niveles de cloruro de sodio (NaCl) del agua de bebida en el rendimiento productivo de los pollos de engorde. Metodología: Se suministró agua con tres niveles de NaCl (0; 0,075 y 0,125%) a pollos desde los 11 hasta los 31 días de edad con la finalidad de evaluar su efecto sobre el peso vivo (PV), consumo de alimento (CA), conversión alimenticia (CAL) e ingestión de agua (IA). Los niveles de cloruro de sodio fueron diluidos en agua destilada y se utilizaron bebederos niples para hacer más precisa la medición del consumo de agua. Resultados: Niveles de 0,075% de NaCl en el agua de bebida mejoraron el PV, CA, CAL y la IA, mientras que el nivel de 0,125% NaCl disminuyó el rendimiento productivo y aumentó el consumo de agua. Los requerimientos de Na y Cl adecuados, considerando la ingesta total de ambos minerales, serían de 0,243% y 0,279%, respectivamente. Conclusiones: La inclusión de cloruro de sodio en el agua de bebida influyó sobre el rendimiento productivo del pollo de carne, observándose rendimientos satisfactorios con la inclusión de 0,075% NaCl en el agua de bebida.Palabras clave: Cloruro de sodio, sodio, cloro, pollos de engorde, agua
Presencia del “ají nativo supano” (Capsicum chinense Jacq.) en el valle de Supe, Perú
Authors: Aliaga J. , Portalatino E. , Obregon K. , Rodriguez A. , Jimenez J.
Published: January 2021

Objetivos: Determinar la presencia in situ del “ají nativo supano” en el valle de Supe. Metodología: Se realizó una búsqueda exhaustiva para registrar las áreas de siembra en el ámbito de la cuenca baja del valle de Supe, en dos campañas agrícolas consecutivas. Resultados: Se ubicaron ocho parcelas entre las coordenadas geográficas 10°47’34’’ y 10°48’42’’ LS y 77°41’25’’ y 77°42’48’’ LO de la cuenca baja del valle de Supe, con áreas promedio de 256 m2. Estas parcelas corresponden a sistemas asociados a otros cultivos, con manejo convencional. Conclusiones: Por las condiciones de cultivo en las que se encuentra el ají nativo, corre el riesgo de desaparecer y con ello, la pérdida de valioso material genético.Palabras clave: Capsicum chinense, germoplasma nativo, erosión genética, agricultores conservacionistas
Nicanor della Rocca de Vergalo y su ambiente
Authors: Ve Kahn Gustave
Published: January 2021

Nuestros lectores no han olvidado el interesante artículo de nuestro colaborador Marius André sobre Nicanor della Rocca de Vergalo, oficial peruanoproscrito y reformador de la poesía francesa. Después de este artículo, M. Gustave Kahn, uno de los jefes de la Escuela simbolista, y que estuvo mezclado entodas las luchas literarias de fines del siglo XIX y principios del XX, nos ha hecho el honor de enviar su testimonio sobre la interesante figura de proscrito peruano. Nosotros nos sentimos encantados de poder transmitirlo a nuestros lectores.
Genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationship of nine sheep populations based on microsatellite markers
Authors: Xia Qing , Wang Xiangyu , Pan Zhangyuan , Zhang Rensen , Wei Caihong , Chu Mingxing , Di Ran
Published: January 2021

Abstract. The objective of this study was to assess the genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationship of nine sheep populations, including two famous high prolific populations and seven popular mutton populations raised in China. Overall, these sheep populations in this study exhibited a rich genetic diversity. Both the expected heterozygosity and Nei's unbiased gene diversity ranged from 0.64 to 0.75, with the lowest value found in Dorset sheep (DST) and the highest in Hu sheep (HUS) and Ba Han sheep (BAS). The polymorphic information content (PIC) varied between 0.59 in DST and 0.71 in HUS and BAS. Specifically, for individual breeds, the small-tail Han sheep (STH) and the four introduced populations did not display the expected diversity; therefore more attention should be paid to the maintenance of diversity during management of these populations. The results of un-weighted pair-group method (UPGMA) phylogenetic tree and structure analysis indicated that the nine investigated populations can be divided into two groups. Suffolk (SUF) and DST were clustered in one group, and the other group can be further divided into three clusters: German Mutton Merino (GMM)–BAS–Bamei Mutton sheep (BAM), HUS–STH and Du Han (DOS)–Dorper (DOP). This clustering result is consistent with sheep breeding history. TreeMix analysis also hinted at the possible gene flow from GMM to SUF. Together, an in-depth view of genetic diversity and genetic relationship will have important implications for breed-specific management.
INTEGRACIÓN CURRICULAR DE TICS CONCEPTO Y MODELOS
Authors: Sánchez Ilabaca Jaime
Published: January 2021

Uno de los temas de mayor preocupación de los sistemas educacionales que han implementado tecnologías en las escuelas es la integración curricular de las Tecnologías de la Información y Comunicación, TICs. Una vez que la escuela posee la tecnología y los profesores aprenden a usarla, el tema que surge es cómo integrarla al currículo. Al respecto, la literatura sobre integración curricular de TICs no es del todo clara en su conceptualización y orientación. Este estudio tiene por finalidad revisar el concepto de integración curricular de las tecnologías de la información y sus alcances, proponiendo una conceptualización, requerimientos, niveles y modelos para la integración y apropiación curricular de las TICs.
REFLEXIONES EN TORNO A LA PERSPECTIVA CURRICULAR HOLÍSTICA
Authors: Soto Guzmán Viola
Published: January 2021

El texto se da a conocer desde la perspectiva holística del currículo, haciéndose presente que, la autora de este artículo, se adscribe a otro paradigma y, por tanto, el análisis se genera, con el afán de mantener una objetividad necesaria, sobre la base de tres ejes temáticos: la construcción del currículo, el enmarcamiento de la concepción de democracia empleado y, finalmente, desde el de la investigación que sustenta la obra publicada.
La hermenéutica reflexiva en la investigación educacional
Authors: Ríos Saavedra Teresa
Published: January 2021

El presente artículo tiene como propósito exponer un camino hermenéutico de investigación educacional que puede constituirse en un nuevo estilo de investigación cualitativa el cual ofrecería una convergencia que complementa los aportes de otras investigaciones que abordan las problemáticas emergentes en el sistema educativo. Desde el enfoque comprensivo interpretativo que ofrece la hermenéutica, expondremos una articulación entre la hermenéutica reflexiva de Paul Ricoeur y la antropología hermenéutica de Clifford Geertz, cuyo puente es un método reflexivo fenomenológico inspirado en la actitud fenomenológica de Alfred Schutz. Esta combinación de elementos abre un camino develador de sentidos que permanecen encubiertos en las acciones y los discursos de los sujetos investigados. Este artículo está basado en la experiencia obtenida en una tesis doctoral que aborda, desde una perspectiva hermenéutica, la configuración de sentidos en un grupo de jóvenes con problemas socioeconómicos que estudian en un liceo municipalizado de Santiago.
Integración de las TICs a la cultura docente
Authors: Vilches Márquez Rogelio
Published: January 2021

Se propone abordar la integración curricular de las TICs a la cultura docente a partir de la transferencia de algunas de las metáforas de la Inteligencia Artificial y Vida Artificial. Los docentes experimentarían las TICs como el espacio natural para dominar algunos de los factores que determinan la complejidad de la organización escolar. Ello instalaría a la cultura docente en el centro de los paradigmas que dinamizan el actual desarrollo científico tecnológico.
Elementos para una reforma a la educación chilena
Authors: Riveros Luis
Published: January 2021

La educación chilena atraviesa por una seria crisis. La misma se asocia a la acumulación de problemas no abordados oportunamente en el campo de las políticas públicas y del financiamiento. Dicha crisis es, antes que nada, una de calidad, atestiguada por los bajos rendimientos escolares en pruebas nacionales e internacionales, el estancamiento de los mismos en el tiempo y la deficitaria formación que se entrega en el ámbito ciudadano y valórico. Además, se trata de un problema de equidad, con un sistema escolar profundamente segmentado y un severo déficit de atención sobre la educación publica. Tres son las áreas en que una profunda reforma debe tener lugar. Primero, con relación a la gestión y organización del sistema. Segundo, en lo que toca a la formación, desempeño y capacitación docentes, Tercero, en cuanto a la reforma en metodologías y programas de estudio. Por sobre todo lo anterior, es necesario un compromiso mayor del Estado chileno con relación a políticas, financiamiento y provisión directa.
A propósito del estudio de las competencias en educación
Authors: Saavedra Livoni María de los Ángeles
Published: January 2021

Este artículo presenta algunas contribuciones de la Psicología Positiva, sus orí¬genes y desenvolvimiento, en un intento por relacionarla con la formación de competencias en ía educación. Destaca como vertientes fundamentales de su estudio y desarrollo el optimismo aprendido y el bienestar subjetivo. Por otra parte, identifica algunas investigaciones realizadas en torno al tema. Se presenta la Psicología Positiva, una psicología de las fortalezas humanas, como un ámbito de la Psicología que permite reflexionar sobre la forma de obtener las metas propuestas para el logro de competencias en educación.
La infancia desde una perspectiva post-moderna
Authors: Da Costa María
Published: January 2021

Este artículo tiene como propósito examinar críticamente cómo el pensamiento post moderno ha influenciado la formación de un nuevo concepto de

niño y niña y la manera como entendemos hoy en día la infancia. Tomando en cuenta este marco de referencia, el artículo examina la educación pre-escolar chilena

y hasta qué punto refleja el concepto de infancia, como construcción social, propuesta por el pensamiento post-moderno. Asimismo analiza los discursos y prácticas en

esta fase educativa. Con este propósito, el artículo adopta una línea de análisis critico, aplicando ideas de pensamiento post-estructurales (Foucault, 1980) y, en particular, los discursos que intentan re-conceptuar la educación pre-escolar, a través de las contribuciones de teorías Feministas y Post coloniales (De Lair & Erwin 2000; Viruru & Cannella, 2001). El argumento sugiere la de-construcción de conceptos y discursos tradicionales que aún están presentes en lo que significa ser ‘niño’ en contraposición con lo que es el ‘adulto’, sugiriendo que interfieren en la comprensión del concepto ‘nuevo’ de niños y niñas, sobre lo que es la infancia de la era post-moderna y plantea los desafíos que enfrenta el campo de la educación pre-escolar en el nuevo milenio.
Analysis of Hungarian Classical GuitarMethods: The Complexity of Content
Authors: Óváry Zoltán
Published: January 2021

Nowadays teaching materials, pieces of music and methods of teaching guitar are widely available, yet experience has shown that most Hungarian teachers still use only national learning content. Their choosing from the slowly but gradually broading materials depends on their professional experience or previous studies. This study examines the most widely known multi-volume guitar teaching materials from an objective point of view. This analysis classifies musical pieces on the basis of their content. The purpose is not to pass judgment but rather to help in assessing the materials through a comprehensive methodological system. Keywords: Classical guitar, music material analysis, Szendrey-Karper, Nagy–Mosóczi, Sándor Suba
The Complexity of the Teaching Profession in Music Education
Authors: Szűcs Tímea
Published: January 2021

The complexity of the teaching profession can be seen in the relationship between various people as they work together with students, colleagues, management and office staff. In addition, the different personalities and attitudes of the children fundamentally determine the structure and effectiveness of lessons as well as applied pedagogical methods. The complexity can also be approached through the diversity of teaching activities. Besides lessons and administration, the duties of the teacher include organizing various school and city events, competitions, programs, trips and camps. The music teacher’s individual lessons involve yet another type of interaction between teacher and student, and this special situation adds complexity to a teaching career. This essay explores the specific situations and challenges that characterize a music teacher's career. Keywords: teaching, complexity, pedagogical methods, music education, primary schools of arts
Seismic analysis of a highway bridge considering soil-structure interaction effects
Authors: Iwasaki Toshio , Kawashima Kazuhiko
Published: January 2021

In analyzing seismic behaviour of highway bridges constructed on soft soil deposits, it is important to take account of soil-structure interaction effects. In this paper, seismic response of a bridge pier-foundation is investigated based on earthquake acceleration records measured simultaneously on the pier crest and on the ground surface near that bridge. Four motions were used in the analysis, i.e., two were induced by two earthquakes with magnitudes of 7.5 and 6.6, respectively; and two by their aftershocks. In the former two earthquakes, the maximum accelerations were 186 and 438 gals on the ground surface, and 310 and 230 gals on the pier top, respectively. Analyses of frequency characteristics of the motions showed that the predominant frequencies of pier-foundation were always approximately identical with the fundamental natural frequency of the subsoil. Analyses of micro-tremors measured at the sites revealed that the natural frequency of the pier-foundation system is higher than the fundamental natural frequency of the subsoil. Analytical models were formulated to calculate the seismic response of the pier-foundation assuming the subsoil and pier-foundation to be a shear column model with an equivalent linear shear modulus and an elastically supported beam on the subsoil, respectively. Bedrock motions were computed from the measured ground surface motions and then applied to the bedrock of the analytical model. The seismic responses of pier-foundation were thus calculated and compared with the measured records giving a good agreement.
Emotional Organization Strategies for Educational Counselors in Government Schools and its Relationship to Some Variables
Authors: Alkhawaldeh Areen Mohammed Alghzewat
Published: January 2021

This study aimed to identify the level of emotional organization strategies among educational counselors in government schools according to the variable (gender and years of experience), and the study sample was chosen randomly, as the sample reached (93) female and male counselors, of whom (41) were male and (52) female counselors, the researcher used the scale of the emotional organization strategies, which were developed for the purposes of this study, where the results showed that the level of the emotional organization strategies was "average" among the study sample individuals on the scale as a whole and the sub-dimensions, as the levels of emotional organization as a whole are higher for males as well as for those with more than ten years of experience and in the light of the results revealed by the study, the researcher recommends the need to take care of the counselors by exposing them to training guidance programs to develop emotional organization strategies that increase their professional and self-efficacy to face professional and life pressures.
AS INCIDÊNCIAS DAS REFLEXÕES DE JÜNGER NO CONCEITO DE TÉCNICA DE HEIDEGGER
Authors: Cocco Ricardo
Published: January 2021

Heidegger é o filósofo que nos permite compreender a técnica a partir da tese fundamental de que a técnica não é a mesma coisa que a essência da técnica e nos alerta para os perigos implicados no domínio técnico moderno. Para esta formulação do pensamento heideggeriano, a participação do pensamento de Ernest Jünger, como elaborador de diagnóstico de época, é crucial. Este artigo, de bases teóricas e de caráter bibliográfico, mostra como o pensamento de Heidegger acerca dessa temática apoiou-se de uma forma muito significativa e decisiva a partir de suas leituras e discussões com os escritos de Ernest Jünger. O autor não era inimigo da tecnologia, e nem via nela qualquer elemento demoníaco, mas acena para uma relação mais livre com ela a partir da compreensão de sua essência.
EMERGÊNCIAS E PROVENIÊNCIAS DO PODER PASTORAL EM FOUCAULT
Authors: Soler Rodrigo Diaz de Vivar y
Published: January 2021

O artigo procura apresentar as emergências e proveniências do poder pastoral em Michel Foucault a partir do problema da governamentalidade das condutas. De um modo geral, o poder pastoral é um braço de um projeto maior, pensado pelo intelectual francês chamado de história política da governamentalidade. Suas emergências e proveniências estão inscritas na grande novidade inaugurada por algumas culturas orientais e aperfeiçoada pelo cristianismo no que se refere ao problema do gerenciamento e salvação das almas. É a partir de tal perspectiva que nosso texto procura compreender esses efeitos históricos e políticos do poder pastoral. Para, nas nossas considerações procurarmos articular, a partir do pensamento foucaultiano, as possíveis ressonâncias dessa modalidade de governamentalidade no Estado moderno e, a sua teatralização contemporânea destacada pela ascensão de grupos fundamentalistas cristãos e seus respectivos ataques ao Estado democrático de direito.
DIREITO, IGUALDADE E ALTERIDADE COMO ELEMENTOS DA JUSTIÇA EM TOMÁS DE AQUINO
Authors: Fonseca Yuri Ikeda
Published: January 2021

Este artigo pretende abordar o pensamento de Tomás de Aquino acerca da justiça, com base principalmente nas questões 57 e 58 da Segunda Parte da Segunda Parte da Suma Teológica, tendo por hipótese a ideia de que o direito, a igualdade e a alteridade são elementos constitutivos da justiça tomista. O artigo trata, inicialmente, da proposição tomista de que o direito é objeto da justiça, e investiga o significado da palavra ius em Aquino como um justo agir direcionado a outra pessoa segundo uma medida de igualdade. Trata, em seguida, da igualdade como medida do justo, e expõe o conceito formulado por Aquino de justiça, sendo ela uma disposição de destinar a cada um o que lhe é devido. Por fim aborda os argumentos de Aquino para demonstrar que a justiça é algo necessariamente para o outro, apontando, ainda, que a justiça tomista é fundamentada no princípio do amor.
A ÉTICA COMO FILOSOFIA PRIMEIRA: UMA ANÁLISE FILOSÓFICA DE "MINEIRINHO" DE CLARICE LISPECTOR
Authors: Souza Lourival Robty Santos de , Fernandes David de Souza
Published: January 2021

A proposta geral desta pesquisa consiste em analisar a crônica “Mineirinho”, escrita por Clarice Lispector a partir da perspectiva da filosofia de Lévinas em que a ética é assumida como a filosofia primeira. Trata-se, em um primeiro momento, em delinear a filosofia levinasiana e seus principais conceitos, como ética, alteridade, rosto, para que se possa relacionar com a narrativa de Lispector e sua aspiração literária e o seu filosofar diante de um cenário em que encontrou um homem assassinado por seus crimes e uma justiça humana falha, incapaz de conceber Mineirinho como um ser humano. A ética surge como uma chave de leitura para a análise textual por engendrar uma cultura que valora o ser humano e que pode propiciar também uma nova atitude ao comportamento do sujeito que está inserido em um ambiente coletivo, melhorando, ao que acredita-se, a existência do outro no mundo.
A NÃO REDUÇÃO DA EPISTEMOLOGIA AS CIÊNCIAS COGNITIVAS E A QUESTÃO DO DISJUNTIVISMO
Authors: Vitória Paulo Andrade
Published: January 2021

No presente artigo abordo a questão da redução da epistemologia as ciências cognitivas, explorando o debate entre Burge e McDowell sobre o disjuntivismo epistemológico. Dessa maneira, começo apontando a tese da indistinguibilidade que afirma que existe um denominador comum entre uma experiência perceptiva verídica e uma experiência perceptiva enganosa. Veremos que essa tese motiva um argumento cético. Em seguida apresento a posição disjuntivista de McDowell que afiram que experiências verídicas e não-verídicas diferem em valor cognitivo. Mostro as críticas de Burge ao disjuntivismo de McDowell, e a sua tese de que a experiência perceptiva deve ser tratada pelas ciências cognitivas. Depois disso, mostro a resposta de McDowell a Burge de que o caráter epistêmico da experiência difere do caráter descritivo das ciências cognitivas. Por fim, digo porque a epistemologia não pode ser reduzida a epistemologia.
A TOLERÂNCIA COMO CERNE DA DIGNIDADE DA PESSOA HUMANA
Authors: Rego Martin Ramalho de Freitas Leão , Alencar Rosmar Antonni Rodrigues Cavalcanti de
Published: January 2021

O presente trabalho é a construção escrita da comunicação oral apresentada no I Congresso Nacional de Filosofia Antiga, Medieval e Renascentista, realizado na Universidade Federal de Alagoas, tendo como tema a tolerância. Com essa proposta, pretende-se explorar conceitos jurídicos abarcados no princípio da dignidade humana a partir do construto filosófico da tolerância. Assim, optou-se por uma abordagem a partir da ética aristotélica, tomando-se por referência as obras “A política” e “Ética a Nicômaco”. Logo, desenvolve-se o objeto a partir da exploração dos principais conceitos éticos do filósofo da antiguidade, das noções essenciais de tolerância e sua associação com o hodierno princípio constitucional da dignidade da pessoa humana. A partir dessa breve incursão, aproxima-se os conceitos jurídicos de sua base fundamental filosófica e política.
O QUE É ISTO – O HOMEM?
Authors: Costa Bruno Magalhães
Published: January 2021

Este trabalho se propõe a examinar os componentes antropológicos que estruturam o ser humano. Para isso é preciso caracterizar a constituição humana a partir da unidade substancial corpo-alma, examinar a relevância da dimensão corpórea como constituinte da essência humana e verificar a concepção de homem como imagem e semelhança de Deus. O levantamento bibliográfico da Suma teológica será o substrato fundamental. Verificamos que Tomás de Aquino, ao apresentar o homem como um composto de corpo-alma, rompe com o dualismo e reabilita a dimensão corporal de seu viés negativista. O corpo é indispensável para que a alma atualize as potências intelectivas. Quanto à alma, o Angélico apresenta suas potências intelectivas como sede da capacidade de conhecer, deliberar e escolher. A antropologia tomista não supõe que o homem seja um ente pronto, acabado, perfeito e finalizado, mas que, sendo princípio de suas ações, está em pleno desenvolvimento dinâmico, é um sendo.
THE NOMINALISM IN MONTAIGNE’S ESSAYS
Authors: F.R de Oliveira Marcelo
Published: January 2021

this paper faces the hard and almost unexplored issue on Montaigne’s nominalism. It also contains interesting clues about the skepticism in the Middle Ages. It shows the most important extracts of the Essays that would be written under the nominalism’s influence. Most of the scholars even ruminate on that Montaigne translated a Middle Ages’ work. This road certainly leads us to the very few explored issue about the relationships between the Essays and the later Scholastic. Working with an edition of Montaigne’s translation (1581) of Sebond’s Theologia, this paper presents extracts from Sebond’s nominalism that were on the root of some extracts of the Essays.
PENSANDO A PRÁXIS CRISTÃ CONTEMPORÂNEA. CONTRIBUTOS DE MAURICE BLONDEL
Authors: Mareano Marcus
Published: January 2021

O artigo reflete a respeito da ação dos cristãos na contemporaneidade considerando as contribuições do pensamento de Maurice Blondel. Primeiramente, observamos as transformações ocorridas na Idade Moderna e suas influências para a religião cristã. No momento presente, considerado por muitos teóricos como Pós-modernidade, o que era valioso na modernidade passa a ser questionado e outras aceleradas mudanças socioculturais acontecem gerando novos desafios para a fé em Cristo. Então, a partir da vida de Jesus, compreendemos a ação como conteúdo essencial para ser cristão na contemporaneidade. Assim, apresentamos o pensamento fenomenológico de Blondel como sustentação filosófica para propor a práxis cristã hodierna como maneira autêntica da vivência dos ensinamentos de Jesus. Blondel oferece contributos para que a experiência cristã não se torne mera teoria ou lembrança saudosa de um passado de dominação cultural. Ser cristão implica atuar eficazmente no tempo presente tornando a fé um elemento indispensável para o ser humano.
A Telejornalismo, Trabalho e Saúde na cobertura da pandemia da Covid-19
Authors: Cajazeira Paulo Eduardo Silva Lins , Souza José Jullian Gomes de
Published: January 2021

Neste artigo, propõe-se a investigação da saúde e do trabalho do jornalista atuante na cobertura da pandemia da Covid-19, no primeiro semestre de 2020, na Região Metropolitana do Cariri, sul do Ceará. Parte-se de uma proposta de metodologia quantiqualitativa, exploratória e documental da nova práxis jornalística a partir de protocolos de prevenção ao novo coronavírus. Procurou-se observar como as empresas de comunicação estão lidando com esses protocolos, principalmente com a saúde de seus colaboradores, e  com os impactos da crise sanitária no fazer jornalístico relacionados aos procedimentos de coleta de informações e produção de reportagens. A pesquisa concluiu que, dos 23 respondentes ao questionário online, a maioria continua atuante no ambiente de trabalho físico e uma minoria desenvolve o trabalho via sistema home office.
TEMPO INTEGRAL E EDUCAÇÃO INTEGRAL
Authors: Ferreira José Heleno
Published: January 2021

Este artigo tem como tema as políticas de educação em tempo integral, discutindo os conceitos educação integral e educação em tempo integral, explicitando as diferenças entre os mesmos. Busca-se analisar os processos de implementação de uma política de tempo integral na educação brasileira, evidenciado a importância de que esse processo seja orientado por princípios que privilegiem a formação humana de forma integral e o combate às desigualdades sociais. Tem-se como principal referência para tal análise a obra do educador brasileiro Paulo Freire, além de documentos oficiais e da legislação pertinente à questão. Para uma análise empírica do contexto em que este debate se coloca no país, toma-se como referência os caminhos e descaminhos do Programa Mais Educação e Novo Mais Educação, além da emergência de movimentos tais como Escola sem Partido. A análise que se faz corrobora a afirmação quanto à necessidade de uma educação integral, que considere os seres humanos na sua integralidade e integridade.
RELAÇÕES ÉTNICO-RACIAIS, RACISMO E EDUCAÇÃO: LEI N° 10.639/2003 E SUAS DIRETRIZES
Authors: Oliveira Cristiane Miranda de , Campos Maria de Fátima Hanaque
Published: January 2021

O racismo continua presente no cotidiano do nosso país e suas implicações no contexto da educação, bem como isso vêm sendo debatido e combatido ao longo dos anos, tendo como meta a diminuição das desigualdades raciais e sociais. Este artigo apresenta conceitos de raça e etnia, bem como uma introdução e contextualização das relações étnico-raciais. De que forma a educação pode contribuir para o enfrentamento de tais desigualdades e o que diz a Lei n°10.639/2003 e suas diretrizes curriculares nacionais. Optou-se pela realização de uma revisão de literatura, com o levantamento de artigos publicados no Brasil, livros, bem como a legislação específica que trata de questões pertinentes às relações étnico-raciais e à reparação dos efeitos da discriminação racial no Brasil. Percebe-se que é indispensável reunir esforços para que cada vez mais a população negra ganhe força e representatividade nos mais diversos espaços e segmentos da sociedade, implicando em justiça e iguais direitos sociais, civis, culturais e econômicos, para uma grande parcela da população que há décadas sofre com a discriminação e as desigualdades.
Didactical principles in creating a multimedial message
Authors: Bojkov Vanče
Published: January 2021

The process of creating multimedia message is a very specific creative act, a kind of art with universal characteristics, but with its unique tendecieses. In its ideal form, art usually targets the indefinite, while the message follows predictable targets in the short period of time. The art of creating a successful message is in decoding the meaning of that message. The essence of concept of multimedia message is hidden in its formula because the whole physionomy of that message and the volume of expected effect depend on the formula. It is the base for building up tipological, graphic and music concepts. Global development of informational and comunicological technologies catalyzes diversificiation of platforms for distribution of audiovisual contents. multimedial message allows more supstantional contents, and its main goal is to convince a reciptient. modern technologies transfer the pedagogical knowledge and form contemporary visual culture within the recipients. The use of contemporary technologies asks for particular principles. This paper is focused on didactical principles used in the process of creation of multimedia messages.
The ethnological and anthropological study of Bežanija at the start of the 21st century: The impact of urban development on boundaries and the perception of a neighbourhood
Authors: Dražeta Bogdan , Stankić Mladen
Published: January 2021

Being one of the older settlements in the present-day City of Belgrade, more precisely the municipality of Novi Beograd, Bežanija is a place boasting rich historical, urban planning, and architectural features. Moreover, the ethnological and anthropological study of Bežanija expands the perspectives of this urban neighbourhood, attempting to examine the current social and cultural framework of its inhabitants. This paper is based on the architectural and anthropological research conducted in the form of mapping the studied area, observation, and informal interviews with residents. On the basis of the available material, the author endeavors to show that Bežanija is nowadays almost a marginalised city toponym, due to partly indeterminate and blurred boundaries cased by the specific urban development of Novi Beograd in (post)socialist era. One of the general findings is that the local identity of the population also follows the trend, which means that people's identifying with a place of residence is differently perceived by different generations depending on changes in the architecture of the neighbourhood.
Depiction of the Church of the Holy Sepulchre on a Jerusalem icon from Ružica Church: An example of visual culture in the context of religious practice
Authors: Katić Marko
Published: January 2021

Among but few icons brought back home by hajjis from their pilgrimage to Jerusalem (hence the name jerusalems) preserved in Belgrade, the one that stands out for its peculiarity and relatively early origin is the 1819 icon kept in Ružica Church in Kalemegdan. The most important element of the icon is the depiction of the Church of the Holy Sepulchre in Jerusalem. This paper presents and analyses numerous peculiarities of this depiction, before all by comparing its iconography and style with the usual kind of the Jerusalem pilgrimage icons of the same age. Th icon painter's method is additionally analysed through the theoretical prism of palimpsest and gloss, recently developed in art-historical studies. It has been concluded that the depiction is basically similar to that on other icons dating from after the 1808 fire in the Church of the Holy Sepulchre, but bearing an array of specificities that could be ascribed to the reinterpretation of architectural elements of the Jerusalem Church which the icon painter depicts to underline its holiness. The analysis points to a local Palestinian master as the author of the icon.
New horizons of methotrexate application
Authors: Maksimović Vladimir , Goločorbin-Kon Svetlana , Mikov Momir , Cvejić Jelena , Pavlović-Popović Zora , Vukmirović Saša
Published: January 2021

Methotrexate is an anti-inflammatory and anticancer drug that has been used in the treatment of various oncological and inflammatory diseases (such as rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease, psoriasis, sarcoidosis, etc.). Scientists are working on finding optimal formulation that will maintain its efficacy and improve safety and nanoparticles have shown to be carriers with great potential as they protect the drug from degradation while at the same time they increase absorption. In vivo and in vitro studies of numerous nanoparticle preparations have showed that they generally have appropriate characteristics and can be carriers for targeted delivery of methotrexate to the tissues affected by disease. Topical preparations of methotrexate, mainly for the treatment of psoriasis, have also been assessed in various research and have showed promising results. Further research is warranted by the obtained results and will hopefully lead to new methotrexate formulations that will be approved by regulatory authorities and used instead of existing ones to improve efficacy of the drug and patients' safety.
Fatigue improvement of welded elements by ultrasonic impact treatment
Authors: Kudryavtsev Yuir
Published: January 2021

The ultrasonic impact treatment (UIT) is relatively new and promising process for fatigue life improvement of welded elements and structures. In most industrial applications this process is known as ultrasonic peening (UP). The beneficial effect of UIT/UP is achieved mainly by relieving of tensile residual stresses and introducing of compressive residual stresses into surface layers of a material. The secondary factors in fatigue improvement by UIT/UP are decreasing of stress concentration in weld toe zones and enhancement of mechanical properties of the surface layers of the material. Fatigue testing of welded specimens showed that UIT/UP is the most efficient improvement treatment as compared with traditional techniques such as grinding, TIG-dressing, heat treatment, hammer peening and application of LTT electrodes. The developed computerized complex for UIT/UP was successfully applied for increasing the fatigue life and corrosion resistance of welded elements, elimination of distortions caused by welding and other technological processes, residual stress relieving, increasing of the hardness of the surface of materials. The results of fatigue testing of large-scale welded specimens in as-welded condition and after application of UIT/UP are considered in this paper. It is shown that UIT/UP is the most effective and economic technique for increasing of fatigue strength of welded elements in materials of different strength. These results also show a strong tendency of increasing of fatigue strength of welded elements after application of UP with the increase in mechanical properties of the material used.
Discussion
Authors: Babcock L. F. , Huffman Pleasant
Published: January 2021

Just now serious thought is being given to the general intelligence style of examinations in academic subjects and a commission has been appointed by the College Entrance Board to investigate the growing interest in this style of test.
The Study of Mathematics Under the Individual System
Authors: Reese Mary M.
Published: January 2021

About three years ago the system of individual instruction was introduced in the Winnetka schools by our superintendent, Dr. Carleton Washburne. This naturally had to be done gradually for after establishing definite goals for the work which must be accomplished in each grade, the material had to be prepared very carefully so that it would be as nearly self instructive as possible and the children could use it with a minimum amount of help from the teacher. Under this system a child progresses at his own rate of speed, neither being held back by slower pupils nor forced to go forward too rapidly for thorough understanding.
Mathematics Club Program
Authors: Wheeler Albert Harry
Published: January 2021

A committee of the Association of Teachers of Mathematics of New England has prepared a number of programs for mathematics clubs which will appear in The Mathematics Teacher in a series of articles during the year 1923-1924. The service has been undertaken for the purpose of providing lists of articles and books on various topics of interest to teachers who in many cases have little time to make the search themselves. The magazines published by the mathematical societies during the past twenty years have been examined and such articles listed as have seemed to have especial interest or value.
By-Laws of the national council of teachers of mathematics(Incorporated)
Authors: Austin C. M. , Schreiber E. W. , Slaught H. E.
Published: January 2021

The following preliminary draft of the proposed By-Laws contains a number of legal provisions required in case the Council decides to become incorporated in the State of illinois. The By-Laws could be considerably condensed if these were eliminated.
Solid Geometry in the High School
Authors: Coble A. B.
Published: January 2021

The present situation of solid geometry in the high school, and current tendencies with respect to it, are discussed in a number of articles in the 1930 Year Book of the National Council of Teachers of Mathematics. W. D. Reeve of the Teachers College in Columbia University says in an article entitled "The Teaching of Geometry" : "The pressure upon the curriculum, the new subjects that are clamoring for a place in the sun, and the demands that We break with tradition — all these problems have caused educators to question the extent to which geometry should be carried. The wisdom of teaching solid geometry in particular has been seriously questioned. In fact solid geometry as a separate half-year course is rapidly becoming passé in our schools. It is not even required for entrance in some of our engineering schools and colleges, as, for example, the following statement shows":
A Comparative Study of the Teaching of Mathematics in the United States and Germany
Authors: Reeve W. D.
Published: January 2021

Present tendencies.—There never was a time when people were more interested in world tendencies. Present tendencies are more or less socialistic in nature and affect the educational situation in every country in the world. These tendencies naturally influence the teaching of mathematics particularly in this country where we have set ourselves up against any aristocracy of learning. One child must have as good a chance as another.
A Tentative Program For the Sub-Committee on Administrative Phases of the Individual Differences Problem
Authors: Stokes C. N. , Orleans Joseph B.
Published: January 2021

The following is a tentative outline of the work to be done by the sub-committee. Suggestions and criticisms are invited from the readers of The Mathematics Teacher. Assistance is also asked of those who are interested in the study. It is hoped that sufficient numbers of people from large and small institutions express willingness to cooperate so that a strong and representative sub-committee may be formed.
On Points of View in Curriculum Revision
Authors: Smith C. D.
Published: January 2021

The main purpose of this paper is to comment on certain points of view mentioned in an article by Mr. William L. Wrinkle in The Mathematics Teacher for December 1936. It seems to be a question of proper placement for mathematics in the proposed modern high school.
The Introduction of Negative Numbers
Authors: Bruns Walter J.
Published: January 2021

It Is one of the most difficult tasks in teaching elementary mathematics in high schools to be both, understandable and correct. Most textbook authors know how to write simply and so to speak popularly, but, on the other hand, there is no doubt that many of them fall short of perfect scientific correctness. It would be ridiculous to try putting in school classes such modern scientific methods as, for example, the formal introduction of real fractions as couples of integral numbers, negative numbers as couples of positive numbers, imaginary numbers as couples of real numbers. However, we are often forced as teachers to meet a mathematical situation where we have to pay attention to two points: first, no conclusion must be gained surreptitously or by tricks, and secondly, when some of the steps within a statement are too difficult to be understood by young people the gaps must not be concealed but, on the contrary, pointed out to the students with the explanation that it is possible to accomplish the proof although we may not do so for the moment.
A Mathematics Diagnostic Testing Program in Purdue University, II
Authors: Keller M. W. , Shreve D. R. , Remmers H. H.
Published: January 2021

The first paper1 on the diagnostic testing program in mathematics listed the problems used on the test, the student ability rating, and the student accuracy rating on each pair of matched problems. In addition a few comments on students' difficulties were given. It was hoped that this information would be a definite help to teachers of secondary mathematics by indicating those specific topics on which the students showed lack of ability or understanding when they entered the university, so that those topics might receive more emphasis. It was also hoped that university instructors would consider such factual findings in planning college courses in elementarl mathematics with a view to including, either in a preliminary review or in the course proper, those topics which are particularly necessary to satisfactory achievement in freshman college mathematics and which are usually assumed by the instructor to be known, yet which are not understood by a large part of the students.
“The Art of Teaching”: The High School Mathematics Club
Authors: Sullivan Orville A.
Published: January 2021

In the course of a typical day's classwork the mathematics teacher is asked one or more questions such as, “How can there be any practical use for numbers which are imaginary?” “Could the surveyor measure this distance in any other way?” “How many ways are there for proving the Pythagorean theorem?” “How is pi obtained?”
Alternatives, Conventions and Exceptions in Mathematics
Authors: Carnahan Walter H.
Published: January 2021

No doubt every experienced teacher of mathematics has at times been surprised by the looks of bewilderment and doubt on the faces of the pupils when some established illusion has to be dispelled.
The Art of Teaching: A New Technique in Handling the Congruence Theorems in Plane Geometry
Authors: Miller Ralph C.
Published: January 2021

The Usual method of proof employed in the congruence theorems kills, rather than stimulates, the interest of many students being introduced to geometry. The customary method of superposition applies some very nice axioms and postulates, but leaves the student mystified as to what it is all about. The fact the assumption, that an angle can be bisected, is used to prove the isosceles triangle theorem, which is used to prove the third congruence theorem (s.s.s. equals s.s.s.), which in turn is used to prove the original assumption (that an angle can be bisected) should contribute much to the added confusion of an alert student.
Pitfalls in the Trigonometric Solution of an Oblique Triangle
Authors: Rothman Irwin M.
Published: January 2021

Textbooks in plane trigonometry generally treat the solution of oblique triangles by the Law of Sines, Law of Cosines, etc. However, if one uses some of these laws without a complete understanding of their limitations, incorrect results are often obtained. The only case which most textbooks treat adequately in this respect is the solution of a triangle in which two sides and an angle opposite one of them are given, usually referred to as the “Ambiguous Case.” However, in other cases, such as the one in which two sides and the included angle are given, or the one in which the three sides are given, care must be taken if incorrect solutions are to be avoided.
Mathematics in High School and College
Authors: Kempner Aubrey J.
Published: January 2021

The publication of a high-school mathematics text, Senior Mathematics, by Douglass and Kinney (Henry Holt and Co., 1945) furnishes me an opportunity to express some opinions concerning the relation between mathematics in the secondary school and in the college.