bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
VISproPT: A high-precision instrument for 3D shape analysis of parabolic trough panels
Authors: Montecchi Marco , Cara Giuseppe , Benedetti Arcangelo
Published: July 2023

In Concentrating Solar Power plants, reflective panels are used to redirect solar radiation towards a receiver. Because the panel shape drives the radiation distribution around the focus where the receiver is placed, the 3D measurement is fundamental to assess the panel shape quality. The VISproPT instrument is the advanced version of the prototype VISprofile; these instruments are designed for indoor measuring of the 3D shape of parabolic-trough reflective panels. The VIS proPT hardware has been manufactured by MARPOSS Italia Spa and funded by EU project ’Solar Facilities for the European Research Area - Third Phase’ (SFERA-III), while the image processing software as well as the calibration procedure, based on the measurement of a perfectly flat surface as that of a calm body of water, have been developed by Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development (ENEA). The instrument precision is better than 0.1 mrad and 0.3 mm (root mean square value over an area 1.2 × 0.8 m2), for slope and height of the surface respectively. Technical details of experimental set up and calibration-procedure are here reported. The instrument effectiveness is shown by reporting the results obtained on a set of 10 specimen (5 inner + 5 outer) adopted to run the SFERA-III WP10 Task3 round-robin on 3D shape measurements among the different instruments used by the Fraunhofer Institute for Solar Energy Systems ISE (F-ISE), Deutsches Zentrum Fuer Luft - und Raumfahrt EV (DLR), the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) and Sandia National Laboratories (SANDIA).
WORKING UNIT OF THE FLAT CUTTER-SUBSOILER OF FERTILIZER
Authors: Maksimov Ivan , Vasiliev Aleksey , Vasil'ev Sergey , Kazakov Yuriy , Zaycev Petr
Published: July 2023

The factor of preserving the fertile soil layer is most relevant on sloping lands, since streams formed by melt water and precipitation wash out nutrients and humus, and also destroy the soil surface. To prevent these processes, anti-erosion working units are used. The purpose of the research is to study the effect of soil tillage by the working unit of a flat-cutter-subsoiler of a fertilizer with the simultaneous application of granular fertilizers on its filtration properties. The work was carried out at the control site located in the Chuvash Republic. The soil is loamy. The depth of tillage and application of granular fertilizers was 30 cm. As granular fertilizers, they used - granulated manure, presented on the market and used by agricultural enterprises in crop production. The filtration coefficient, porosity, and bulk density of the soil were determined. Since the subsurface cutter tills the soil without turning the layer, samples were taken in different layers of the cut layer according to GOST R 58595–2019. The filtration coefficient, which determines the ability of the soil to absorb and pass moisture, averaged 96.2 cm per day, which can be considered a good result (for loams 20 ... 100 cm per day). The porosity was 54.3% (satisfactory condition - 50 ... 55%, excellent - 55 ... 65%), the bulk density of the soil - an average of 1.05 g/cm3 (loose or freshly plowed - 1.0 ... 1.2 g / cm3). In general, after soil cultivation by the working unit of the fertilizer subsoiler with the simultaneous application of granular fertilizers, the filtration properties of the soil correspond to generally accepted reference values.
POSSIBLE MEASURES TO EXTEND THE SERVICE LIFE OF DIESEL FUEL PUMP MAIN COMPONENTS
Authors: Ivanov Vladimir , Gavrilov Vladislav , Novikov Aleksey , Semenov Aleksandr , Kazakov Yuriy
Published: July 2023

During the operation of a high-pressure fuel injection pump, the friction surfaces of the main elements are subjected to various mechanical, thermophysical and hydroabrasive effects, which increases the wear rate of precision elements and reduces the cyclic fuel supply through the cylinders. The purpose of the research is to increase the resource of the main elements of in-line high-pressure fuel pumps by modernizing the power supply system. The main factor affecting the performance of precision elements is the presence of carbovalt in hydrocarbon fuel, that is, mechanical impurities in the form of an abrasive that circulate throughout the entire circuit of the power supply system, can pass through the filter element and get into the junction of precision elements during the injection cycle, where they are pinched and abraded work surfaces. In addition to mechanical impurities, hydrocarbon fuels may contain surfactants such as sulfur, phosphorus, etc. Under certain conditions, this also accelerates the wear rate of friction pairs, especially at temperatures above 50°C. With an increase in temperature, the lubricity of hydrocarbon fuels decreases, since sulfur compounds are activated, which destroy the structured surface at the boundary of friction pairs. To reduce this effect, it is proposed to limit the increase in temperature in the diesel power system by installing a radiator with a fan. With temperature limitation in the diesel fuel system, the wear intensity will be lower, the viscosity will be consistently higher by 2 times or more, which will reduce fuel leakage in mating surfaces. The above analytical expressions indicate that the size of the fuel leakage depends on the Reynolds number. With an increase in viscosity, the Reynolds number decreases several times, while the consumption coefficient and fuel leakage through the gaps of the friction pairs are significantly reduced. The proposed measure makes it possible to preserve the lubricity of the fuel, reducing wear and increasing the service life of the main elements of the fuel injection pump.
Smart Markets for Real-Time Allocation of Multiproduct Resources: The Case of Shared Electric Vehicles
Authors: Kahlen Micha , Schroer Karsten , Ketter Wolfgang , Gupta Alok
Published: July 2023

Motivated by the deep transformation of the transportation sector toward electric and shared mobility, this research develops a decision support system that enables real-time allocation of shared electric vehicles (SEVs) to either the rental market or aggregated as a virtual power plant to the electricity market. The multipurposing of SEVs beyond the traditional scope of mobility services can boost utilization and profitability for fleet operators while also facilitating the integration of variable rate renewable energy sources. This SEV setting embodies the problem of real-time multiproduct resource allocation via smart markets. We develop an approach that leverages highly digitalized real-time markets and intelligent decision making to enable dynamic multiproduct resource allocation. The tool continuously evaluates market attractiveness and strategically places iterative bids on the resource owner’s behalf until all resources have been committed for a specific period. Our key contribution is to provide a blueprint for similar multi-product resource allocation settings, and demonstrating its efficacy in the domain of SEV fleets by developing tailored analytics and machine learning-based solutions.
New Test Site for Unmanned Boats
Authors: Knight Helen
Published: July 2023

AI sensor system provides proving ground for autonomous vessels
One Giant Step for Synthetic Fuels
Authors: Knight Helen
Published: July 2023

High-temperature co-electrolysis system demonstrated in Germany
Materials Boost for Electric Vehicles
Authors: Nathan Stuart
Published: July 2023

2D materials may catalyse performance of lithium-air batteries
Hitachi Halts Nuclear Plans
Authors: Ford Jason
Published: July 2023

UK power station projects put on hold
Race to Save the Great Barrier Reef
Authors: Nathan Stuart
Published: July 2023

Engineering a rescue for one of the world’s iconic natural wonders
Antimicrobial Efficiency of Different forms of Tea Extract (Camellia sinensis) against Cariogenic Pathogens
Authors: Shivakumar Vanishree H , Tegginamani Anand S. , Zain Nurhayati Mohamad , Rath Avita Shanti , Zamzuri Ahmad Termizi Bin
Published: July 2023

Introduction: Dental caries is a frequent chronic infectious condition in the general population. Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus acidophilus play a significant part in the cause of dental caries. Various antimicrobials have been tried to prevent these microorganisms. Traditional herbal medicine extracted from plants has been employed as a remedy. Among them, tea leaf extract showed promising antimicrobial properties against infections. Aims: The current study was designed to assess the antibacterial activity of various types of tea extract against cariogenic microorganisms. Methods: S. mutans and L. acidophilus were grown in this in-vitro experimental study and maintained in their respective agars. Three different concentrations of 250 mg/ml aqueous, 250 mg/ml ethanolic, and 250 mg/ml aqueous with sugar solutions were prepared from Japanese green tea, Oolong Chinese tea, and Sabah black tea. Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method was used to assess the antibacterial activity of tea extracts. As positive and negative control groups, 0.2% chlorhexidine and 1% DMSO were employed. The zone of inhibition was determined in millimetres following a 24-hour incubation period at 37 °C. Results: Japanese green tea at its three different concentrations exhibited significantly higher mean zones of inhibition of 18.33 mm, 27.70 mm, and 18.96 mm, respectively, against S. mutans at p<0.001 compared to L. acidophilus. In contrast, chlorhexidine showed 27.53 mm and 19.39 mm for S. mutans and L. acidophilus, respectively. Conclusion: Japanese green tea demonstrated superior antibacterial activity at its ethanolic concentration compared to other concentrations and the other two types of tea.
Artificial intelligence in orthopaedic surgery
Authors: Lisacek-Kiosoglous Anthony B. , Powling Amber S. , Fontalis Andreas , Gabr Ayman , Mazomenos Evangelos , Haddad Fares S.
Published: July 2023

The use of artificial intelligence (AI) is rapidly growing across many domains, of which the medical field is no exception. AI is an umbrella term defining the practical application of algorithms to generate useful output, without the need of human cognition. Owing to the expanding volume of patient information collected, known as ‘big data’, AI is showing promise as a useful tool in healthcare research and across all aspects of patient care pathways. Practical applications in orthopaedic surgery include: diagnostics, such as fracture recognition and tumour detection; predictive models of clinical and patient-reported outcome measures, such as calculating mortality rates and length of hospital stay; and real-time rehabilitation monitoring and surgical training. However, clinicians should remain cognizant of AI’s limitations, as the development of robust reporting and validation frameworks is of paramount importance to prevent avoidable errors and biases. The aim of this review article is to provide a comprehensive understanding of AI and its subfields, as well as to delineate its existing clinical applications in trauma and orthopaedic surgery. Furthermore, this narrative review expands upon the limitations of AI and future direction.

Cite this article: Bone Joint Res 2023;12(7):447–454.
Quantum dots for photonic quantum information technology
Authors: Heindel Tobias , Kim Je-Hyung , Gregersen Niels , Rastelli Armando , Reitzenstein Stephan
Published: July 2023

The generation, manipulation, storage, and detection of single photons play a central role in emerging photonic quantum information technology. Individual photons serve as flying qubits and transmit the relevant quantum information at high speed and with low losses, for example between individual nodes of quantum networks. Due to the laws of quantum mechanics, the associated quantum communication is fundamentally tap-proof, which explains the enormous interest in this modern information technology. On the other hand, stationary qubits or photonic states in quantum computers can potentially lead to enormous increases in performance through parallel data processing, to outperform classical computers in specific tasks when quantum advantage is achieved. In this review, we discuss in depth the great potential of semiconductor quantum dots in photonic quantum information technology. In this context, quantum dots form a key resource for the implementation of quantum communication networks and photonic quantum computers, because they can generate single photons on demand. Moreover, these solid-state quantum emitters are compatible with the mature semiconductor technology, so that they can be integrated comparatively easily into nanophotonic structures such as resonators and waveguide systems, which form the basis for quantum light sources and integrated photonic quantum circuits. After a thematic introduction, we present modern numerical methods and theoretical approaches to device design and the physical description of quantum dot devices. We then introduce modern methods and technical solutions for the epitaxial growth and for the deterministic nanoprocessing of quantum devices based on semiconductor quantum dots. Furthermore, we highlight the most promising device concepts for quantum light sources and photonic quantum circuits that include single quantum dots as active elements and discuss applications of these novel devices in photonic quantum information technology. We close with an overview of open issues and an outlook on future developments.
Flexible array transducer for photoacoustic-guided interventions: phantom and ex vivo demonstrations
Authors: Zhang Jiaxin , Wiacek Alycen , Feng Ziwei , Ding Kai , Lediju Bell Muyinatu A.
Published: July 2023

Photoacoustic imaging has demonstrated recent promise for surgical guidance, enabling visualization of tool tips during surgical and non-surgical interventions. To receive photoacoustic signals, most conventional transducers are rigid, while a flexible array is able to deform and provide complete contact on surfaces with different geometries. In this work, we present photoacoustic images acquired with a flexible array transducer in multiple concave shapes in phantom and ex vivo bovine liver experiments targeted toward interventional photoacoustic applications. We validate our image reconstruction equations for known sensor geometries with simulated data, and we provide empirical elevation field-of-view, target position, and image quality measurements. The elevation field-of-view was 6.08 mm at a depth of 4 cm and greater than 13 mm at a depth of 5 cm. The target depth agreement with ground truth ranged 98.35-99.69%. The mean lateral and axial target sizes when imaging 600 μm-core-diameter optical fibers inserted within the phantoms ranged 0.98-2.14 mm and 1.61-2.24 mm, respectively. The mean ± one standard deviation of lateral and axial target sizes when surrounded by liver tissue were 1.80±0.48 mm and 2.17±0.24 mm, respectively. Contrast, signal-to-noise, and generalized contrast-to-noise ratios ranged 6.92–24.42 dB, 46.50–67.51 dB, and 0.76–1, respectively, within the elevational field-of-view. Results establish the feasibility of implementing photoacoustic-guided surgery with a flexible array transducer.
Polarization-isolated stretched-pulse mode-locked swept laser for 10.3-MHz A-line rate optical coherence tomography
Authors: Wang Chengming , Yin Zichen , He Bin , Chen Zhengyu , Hu Zhangwei , Shi Yejiong , Zhang Xiao , Zhang Ning , Jing Linkai , Wang Guihuai , Xue Ping
Published: July 2023

Stretched-pulse mode-locked (SPML) lasing based on a chirped fiber Bragg grating (CFBG) has proven to be a powerful method to generate wavelength-swept lasers at speeds of tens of megahertz. However, light transmitted through the CFBG may lead to undesirable laser oscillation that disrupts the mechanism of the laser active mode locking in the theta ring cavity. In this Letter, we demonstrate a simple and low-cost approach to suppress the transmitted light and achieve an effective duty cycle of ∼100% with only one CFBG and no need for intra-cavity semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA) modulation, extra-cavity optical buffering, and post amplification. By utilizing polarization isolation of the bi-directional CFBG, a swept laser centered at 1305 nm, with repetition rate of 10.3 MHz, optical power of 84 mW, and 3 dB bandwidth of 109 nm, is demonstrated. Ultrahigh speed 3D optical coherence tomography (OCT) structural imaging of a human palm in vivo using this swept laser is also demonstrated. We believe that this ultrahigh speed swept laser will greatly promote the OCT technique for industrial and biomedical applications.
Two RNA binding proteins, ADAD2 and RNF17, interact to form a heterogeneous population of novel meiotic germ cell granules with developmentally dependent organelle association
Authors: Chukrallah Lauren G. , Potgieter Sarah , Chueh Lisa , Snyder Elizabeth M.
Published: July 2023

Mammalian male germ cell differentiation relies on complex RNA biogenesis events, many of which occur in non-membrane bound organelles termed RNA germ cell granules that are rich in RNA binding proteins (RBPs). Though known to be required for male germ cell differentiation, we understand little of the relationships between the numerous granule subtypes. ADAD2, a testis specific RBP, is required for normal male fertility and forms a poorly characterized granule in meiotic germ cells. This work aimed to understand the role of ADAD2 granules in male germ cell differentiation by clearly defining their molecular composition and relationship to other granules. Biochemical analyses identified RNF17, a testis specific RBP that forms meiotic male germ cell granules, as an ADAD2-interacting protein. Phenotypic analysis of Adad2 and Rnf17 mutants identified a rare post-meiotic chromatin defect, suggesting shared biological roles. ADAD2 and RNF17 were found to be dependent on one another for granularization and together form a previously unstudied set of germ cell granules. Based on co-localization studies with well-characterized granule RBPs and organelle-specific markers, a subset of the ADAD2-RNF17 granules are found to be associated with the intermitochondrial cement and piRNA biogenesis. In contrast, a second, morphologically distinct population of ADAD2-RNF17 granules co-localized with the translation regulators NANOS1 and PUM1, along with the molecular chaperone PDI. These large granules form a unique funnel-shaped structure that displays distinct protein subdomains and is tightly associated with the endoplasmic reticulum. Developmental studies suggest the different granule populations represent different phases of a granule maturation process. Lastly, a double Adad2-Rnf17 mutant model suggests the interaction between ADAD2 and RNF17, as opposed to loss of either, is the likely driver of the Adad2 and Rnf17 mutant phenotypes. These findings shed light on the relationship between germ cell granule pools and define new genetic approaches to their study.
Individual, organizational and system circumstances, and the functioning of a multi-country implementation-focused network for maternal, newborn and child health: Bangladesh, Ethiopia, Malawi, and Uganda
Authors: Tesfa Anene , Nakidde Catherine , Akter Kohenour , Khatun Fatama , Mwandira Kondwani , Lemma Seblewengel , Seruwagi Gloria , Mwaba Kasonde , English Mike , Daniels-Howell Callie , Djellouli Nehla , Colbourn Tim , Marchant Tanya ,   QCN Evaluation Group
Published: July 2023

Better policies, investments, and programs are needed to improve the integration and quality of maternal, newborn, and child health services. Previously, partnerships and collaborations that involved multiple countries with a unified aim have been observed to yield positive results. Since 2017, the WHO and partners have hosted the Quality of Care Network [QCN], a multi-country implementation network focused on improving maternal, neonatal, and child health care. In this paper, we examine the functionality of QCN in different contexts. We focus on implementation circumstances and contexts in four network countries: Bangladesh, Ethiopia, Malawi, and Uganda. In each country, the study was conducted over several consecutive rounds between 2019–2022, employing 227 key informant interviews with major stakeholders and members of the network countries, and 42 facility observations. The collected data were coded using Nvivo-12 software and categorized thematically. The study showed that individual, organizational and system-level circumstances all played an important role in shaping implementation success in network countries, but that these levels were inter-linked. Systems that enabled leadership, motivated and trained staff, and created a positive culture of data use were critical for policy-making including addressing financing issues—to the day-to-day practice improvement at the front line. Some characteristics of QCN actively supported this, for example, shared learning forums for continuous learning, a focus on data and tracking progress, and emphasising the importance of coordinated efforts towards a common goal. However, inadequate system financing and capacity also hampered network functioning, especially in the face of external shocks.
Physical activity and mental health experiences of people living with long term conditions during COVID-19 pandemic: A qualitative study
Authors: Ambrosio Leire , Morris Jacqui , Lambrick Danielle , Faulkner James , Compton Eric , Portillo Mari Carmen
Published: July 2023

Introduction

Regular physical activity is a strategy that is effective in the physical management of long term conditions. The COVID-19 pandemic, led to disruption of physical activity routines for many people with long term conditions. It is important, to understand the experiences of people with long term conditions regarding physical activity during COVID-19 to enable future identification of strategies to mitigate the impact of restrictions on health.

Objective

To explore perceptions and experiences of people with long term conditions of the impact of the UK Government physical distancing restrictions on their physical activity participation during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods

A qualitative study, with in depth videoconference semi-structured interviews were conducted between January and April 2022, with 26 adults living with at least one long term condition in the UK. Data were managed in analytical matrices within Excel and data analysis was conducted using thematic analysis.

Results

Two main themes were developed, explaining how participants managed their physical activity during COVID19 lockdowns, and based on those experiences, what they considered should be in place should another lockdown occur:1) COVID-19 and physical activity: Losses, opportunities and adapting to new formats; and 2) Micro, meso, and macro contexts: creating the right conditions for physical activity support in future pandemics.

Conclusions

This study provides information on how people with long term conditions managed their condition during the COVID-19 pandemic and generates new understanding of how physical activity routines changed. These findings will be used to inform stakeholder engagement meetings with individuals with long term conditions and local, regional, and national policy makers, to co-produce recommendations that will help people living with long term conditions remain active during and after COVID-19 and other pandemics.
Current and future costs of cancer attributable to insufficient leisure-time physical activity in Brazil
Authors: Ferreira da Silva Ronaldo Corrêa , Malhão Thainá Alves , Rezende Leandro F. M. , da Silva Barbosa Rafael , Correa Schilithz Arthur Orlando , Moreira Luciana Grucci Maya , Nunes Machado Paula Aballo , Carvalho Fabio Fortunato Brasil de , Leão Diogenes Maria Eduarda
Published: July 2023

Objectives

Cancer is an increasing cause of death and disability in Brazil and a pivotal vector for growing health expenditures. Lower levels of leisure-time physical activity are associated with a higher risk of some cancers. We quantified the current and future cancer direct healthcare costs attributable to insufficient leisure-time physical activity in Brazil.

Methods

We performed a macrosimulation model using: (i) relative risks from meta-analyses; (ii) prevalence data of insufficient leisure-time physical activity in adults ≥ 20 years; (iii) national registries of healthcare costs of adults ≥ 30 years with cancer. We used simple linear regression to predict cancer costs as a function of time. We calculated the potential impact fraction (PIF) considering the theoretical-minimum-risk exposure and other counterfactual scenarios of physical activity prevalence.

Results

We projected that the costs of breast, endometrial, and colorectal cancers may increase from US$ 630 million in 2018 to US$ 1.1 billion in 2030 and US$ 1.5 billion in 2040. The costs of cancer attributable to insufficient leisure-time physical activity may increase from US$ 43 million in 2018 to US$ 64 million in 2030. Increasing leisure-time physical activity could potentially save US$ 3 million to US$ 8.9 million in 2040 by reducing the prevalence of insufficient leisure-time physical activity in 2030.

Conclusion

Our results may be helpful to guide cancer prevention policies and programs in Brazil.
Exposure to self-reported traumatic events and probable PTSD in a national sample of Poles: Why does Poland’s PTSD prevalence differ from other national estimates?
Authors: Rzeszutek Marcin , Dragan Małgorzata , Lis-Turlejska Maja , Schier Katarzyna , Holas Paweł , Drabarek Katarzyna , Van Hoy Angelika , Pięta Małgorzata , Poncyliusz Cecylia , Michałowska Magdalena , Wdowczyk Gabriela , Borowska Natalia , Szumiał Szymon
Published: July 2023

Background

There is a lack of studies on trauma exposure and PTSD prevalence in Poland on representative samples. Available data from studies on convenient samples show very high rates of probable PTSD compared with relevant estimates in other countries.

Objective

This study aimed to measure the exposure to self-report traumatic events (PTEs) and to estimate the current rate of prevalence of probable posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in accordance with DSM–5 criteria in a population-based sample of Poles. Additionally, the link between PTSD intensity and level of life satisfaction was investigated.

Method

A representative sample of 1,598 adult Poles was recruited. Probable PTSD was assessed with the Posttraumatic Diagnostic Scale for DSM–5 (PDS–5) and the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS) was also used.

Results

The findings showed that 60.3% of Poles had experienced at least one PTE and 31.1% of those who had been exposed to trauma reported symptoms of PTSD. At the level of the entire sample, the obtained rate for probable PTSD was 18.8%. The traumatic events with the highest probabilities of PTSD symptoms were child abuse and sexual assault. Levels of life satisfaction were significantly lower in the group of participants with probable PTSD.

Conclusions

We found that the current prevalence of probable PTSD in Poland is intriguingly high relative to rates reported in comparable representative samples from other countries across the world. Possible mechanisms are discussed, including a lack of social acknowledgement of WWII and other traumas as well as poor access to trauma-focused care. We hope that this research may inspire more studies investigating cross-national differences in PTSD and trauma exposure.
Large-deviations of disease spreading dynamics with vaccination
Authors: Feld Yannick , Hartmann Alexander K.
Published: July 2023

We numerically simulated the spread of disease for a Susceptible-Infected-Recovered (SIR) model on contact networks drawn from a small-world ensemble. We investigated the impact of two types of vaccination strategies, namely random vaccination and high-degree heuristics, on the probability density function (pdf) of the cumulative numberCof infected people over a large range of its support. To obtain the pdf even in the range of probabilities as small as 10−80, we applied a large-deviation approach, in particular the 1/tWang-Landau algorithm. To study the size-dependence of the pdfs within the framework of large-deviation theory, we analyzed the empirical rate function. To find out how typical as well as extreme mild or extreme severe infection courses arise, we investigated the structures of the time series conditioned to the observed values ofC.
ASSESSMENT OF FORCE THROUGH LACTATE AS A MEASURE TO QUANTIFY THE TRAINING LOAD IN POPULATIONS WITH RISK FACTORS
Authors: Tauda Mauro , Cruzat Eduardo
Published: July 2023

SUMMARY:

Introduction: The traditional way of measuring strength is through 1Rm, which is not very effective dynamics in patients undergoing cardiac rehabilitation
.

Goals: The objective of this study was to assess strength through lactate and determine a specific load that allows the development of this parameter in an aerobic condition in patients undergoing cardiac rehabilitation.

Materials and methods; Through intentional non-probabilistic sampling, 25 male participants. Age 48.80 ± 4.49. Weight 95.40 ± 5.54. Height, 1.74 ± 0.06. % Fat 37.58 ± 2.68 % Muscle mass 38.62 ± 1.52. Vo2/kg 38.00 ± 2.73. min. They did two tests.

Results: The results of the Anova analysis did not show significant differences between the different groups in lactate F (4, 17.1) =0.524, p=0.720. Heart rate F (4, 16.4) =0.457, p=0.766. The post hoc analysis of the Tukey test did not show differences between the group variables. Average heart rate (HR) during constant load resistance exercise. 133.9/5.48 (ppm). p=0.000. Blood lactate concentrations during exercise Mean 2.52/0.28. (mmol/l). p=0.000. Constant load 30/00 (kg) The results indicate that these metabolic and cardiac variables remained partially stable in aerobic energy ranges. Within the measurement of series 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, and 15.

Conclusions: The values ​​obtained from the constant load test show that the metabolic and cardiorespiratory variables remain stable in a predominantly aerobic metabolism, this could suggest that measuring strength through lactate is effective for strength training in patients with IC.
Lactated Ringers Use in the First 24 Hours of Hospitalization Is Associated With Improved Outcomes in 999 Patients With Acute Pancreatitis
Authors: Lee Peter J. , Culp Stacey , Kamal Ayesha , Paragomi Pedram , Pothoulakis Ioannis , Talukdar Rupjyoti , Kochhar Rakesh , Goenka Mahesh Kumar , Gulla Aiste , Gonzales Jose , Stevens Tyler , Barbu Sorin , Nawaz Haq , Gutierrez Silvia , Zarnescu Narcis , Capurso Gabriele , Easler Jeff , Triantafyllou Konstantinos , Ocampo Carlos , de-Madaria Enrique , Wu Bechien , Hart Phil A. , Akshintala Venkata S. , Singh Vikesh K. , Bischof Jason , Buxbaum James , Pelaez Mario , Papachristou Georgios I.
Published: July 2023

INTRODUCTION:

Recent pilot trials in acute pancreatitis (AP) found that lactated ringers (LR) usage may result in decreased risk of moderately severe/severe AP compared with normal saline, but their small sample sizes limit statistical power. We investigated whether LR usage is associated with improved outcomes in AP in an international multicenter prospective study.

METHODS:

Patients directly admitted with the diagnosis of AP were prospectively enrolled at 22 international sites between 2015 and 2018. Demographics, fluid administration, and AP severity data were collected in a standardized prospective manner to examine the association between LR and AP severity outcomes. Mixed-effects logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the direction and magnitude of the relationship between the type of fluid administered during the first 24 hours and the development of moderately severe/severe AP.

RESULTS:

Data from 999 patients were analyzed (mean age 51 years, female 52%, moderately severe/severe AP 24%). Usage of LR during the first 24 hours was associated with reduced odds of moderately severe/severe AP (adjusted odds ratio 0.52; P = 0.014) compared with normal saline after adjusting for region of enrollment, etiology, body mass index, and fluid volume and accounting for the variation across centers. Similar results were observed in sensitivity analyses eliminating the effects of admission organ failure, etiology, and excessive total fluid volume.

DISCUSSION:

LR administration in the first 24 hours of hospitalization was associated with improved AP severity. A large-scale randomized clinical trial is needed to confirm these findings.
A Rare Red Herring: Intrahepatic Splenosis Masquerading as Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Bilello Justin , Kulak Ozlem , Selvarajan Santosh , Tholey Danielle , Civan Jesse
Published: July 2023

Splenosis is defined as viable splenic tissue that is autotransplanted into other compartments in the body. Intrahepatic splenosis is a rare diagnosis that can be difficult for clinicians to identify. The most common causes of splenosis include abdominal trauma and splenectomy. While most patients with intrahepatic splenosis are asymptomatic, in the presence of risk factors of hepatocellular carcinoma, it is paramount to rule out malignancy. In this report, we present a patient with imaging findings concerning for hepatocellular carcinoma, ultimately diagnosed with percutaneous biopsy and technetium-99m-tagged heat-damaged red blood cell scintigraphy-proven intrahepatic splenosis.
Modern concepts of genetic and immunohistochemical features of prolactin-secreting pituitary adenomas
Authors: Shutova A. S. , Dzeranova L. K. , Vorotnikova S. Yu. , Kutin M. A. , Pigarova E. A.
Published: July 2023

Prolactinomas are the most common secreting adenomas of the pituitary. In 20% of cases resistance to dopamine-agonists treatment is observed. Medical therapy resistance causes progression of pathological symptoms of hyperprolactinemia and negative topographic and anatomical changes of prolactinoma. The causes of ineffectiveness of dopamine agonists therapy are not fully understood as well as approaches to managing patients require clarification. Current concepts of resistance are based on the data obtained as a result of surgery or after a period of long-term ineffective therapy. Thus, it is very important to find methods of assessing the sensitivity of prolactin-secreting adenomas to drug therapy before surgical treatment. Genetic and immunohistochemical studies find special place among these methods, making it possible to predict adenoma’s response to drug therapy at early diagnostic stage. Obtained results will allow us to form personalized algorithm for managing patients.
Professor D.Ya. Shurygin — the founder of military endocrinology (to the 100th anniversary of his birth)
Authors: Salukhov V. V. , Shustov S. B.
Published: July 2023

In 2023 it would have been 100 years since the birth of a prominent Soviet endocrinologist, Honored Scientist of the RSFSR, chief endocrinologist of the USSR Ministry of Defense (1962-1982), head of the Department of Therapy No. 1 for the improvement of doctors of the Military Medical Academy. CM. Kirov (1972-1982), Professor and Major General of the Medical Service Dorofei Yakovlevich Shurygin.
Tinjauan Prinsip Non-Retroactive dalam Perjanjian Pengalihan Utang Antara Indonesia dan Belanda
Authors: Utami Britha Mahanani Dian
Published: July 2023

This paper discusses about the Dutch debt offering to Indonesia from a non-retroactive perspective. The statement by the Minister of Finance of the Republic of Indonesia reminded of Indonesia's problems, which have been bearing debt even since its proclamation. This debt was inherited from the Netherlands through an agreement in an international agreement called the Konferensi Meja Bundar (KMB). As an international agreement, the KMB must also be guided by the principles in international treaty law. The principle of non-retroactivity is one of the main principles in international law agreements. Even though the principle of non-retroactivity is not absolute and can be deviated, the deviation must be based on two conditions, which are the agreement of the parties and beneficial to the parties or at least does not cause harm to one of the parties. The type of research used in this article is literature and is analytical descriptive with a normative approach. The conclusion of this study shows that the debt offering agreement from the Dutch Government to Indonesia has deviated from the principle of non-retroactivity. Therefore, the agreement to sell debt from the Netherlands to Indonesia has clearly caused losses to the Indonesian Government's finances, besides that there is also an element of coercion in giving approval from the Indonesian Government.Tulisan ini hendak mengkaji kembali tentang perjanjian pengalihan utang Belanda kepada Indonesia yang ditinjau dari prinsip non-retroactive. Pernyataan Menteri Keuangan RI mengingatkan pada persoalan Indonesia yang sudah menghadapi utang bahkan sejak diproklamasikan. Utang ini diwariskan dari Belanda melalui kesepakatan dalam perjanjian internasional bernama Konferensi Meja Bundar (KMB). Sebagai perjanjian internasional, KMB semestinya juga berpedoman pada prinsip-prinsip dalam hukum perjanjian internasional. Asas non-retroactive merupakan salah satu prinsip utama dalam hukum perjanjian internasional. Meskipun asas non-retroactive tidak bersifat mutlak dan dapat disimpangi, namun penyimpangannya harus didasarkan pada dua syarat yakni atas kesepakatan dari para pihak dan menguntungkan bagi para pihak atau setidak-tidaknya tidak menimbulkan kerugian bagi salah satu pihak. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan dalam artikel ini ialah kepustakaan dan bersifat deskriptif analitis dengan pendekatan normatif. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa perjanjian pengalihan utang dari Pemerintah Belanda kepada Indonesia telah menyimpangi prinsip non-retroactive. Oleh karena, perjanjian pengalihan utang dari Belanda kepada Indonesia secara jelas telah menimbulkan beban kerugian bagi keuangan Pemerintah Indonesia, selain itu juga terdapat unsur pemaksaan dalam pemberian persetujuan dari Pemerintah Indonesia.
Analisis Perspektif Maqashid Syari’ah pada Permohonan Penetapan Nomor 30/Pdt.P/2022/Pa.Yk Tentang Perwalian Anak Terhadap Hilangnya Kekuasaan Orang Tua
Authors: Rahmawati Iskarima
Published: July 2023

This article discusses the application for the determination of child guardianship Number 30/Pdt.P/2022/PA.YK against the loss of parental authority in the perspective of maqashid syari'ah, both parents who have passed away, but still have minor children left behind. The purpose of this study is to understand, know, and find the results of the research that has been done, that child custody through existing court decisions, guardianship and child custody if the parental guardianship power over the child has been lost because the parent dies, but still has minors. This article uses a type of field research, a normative-juridical research approach, and is descriptive-analytic in nature. The results of this study explain that the determination and appointment of guardians for minors takes into account the procedures and requirements for appointing guardians, the Marriage Law Articles 50, 51 and 53 and the Compilation of Islamic Law Articles 107 and 109. In addition, PP No. 29 of 2019 concerning Requirements and Procedures for Appointing Guardians and Law No. 35 of 2014 concerning Child Protection, are also taken into consideration in making guardians for minors. The court's decision based on the Maqasid Syari'ah Theory is not in accordance with the objectives of the legal theory, does not fulfill its main elements, which include Life Care, Offspring Care, and Property Care which are in accordance with the context of this Petition for Guardianship.Artikel ini membahas tentang permohonan penetapan perwalian anak Nomor 30/Pdt.P/2022/PA.YK terhadap hilangnya kekuasaan orang tua dalam perspektif maqashid syari’ah, kedua orang tua yang telah meninggal dunia, tetapi masih memiliki anak di bawah umur yang ditinggalkan. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk memahami, mengetahui, dan menemukan hasil dari penelitian yang telah dilakukan, bahwa perwalian anak melalui putusan pengadilan yang telah ada, perwalian dan hak asuh anak apabila kekuasaan perwalian orang tua terhadap anak telah hilang karena orang tua meninggal dunia, tetapi masih memiliki anak di bawah umur. Artikel ini menggunakan jenis penelitian lapangan, pendekatan penelitian normatif-yuridis, dan bersifat deskriptif-analitik. Hasil dari penelitian ini menjelaskan bahwa penetapan dan penunjukan wali untuk anak di bawah umur ini dengan memperhatikan tata cara dan syarat penunjukan wali, Undang-undang Perkawinan Pasal 50, 51, dan 53 dan Kompilasi Hukum Islam Pasal 107 dan 109. Selain itu, PP No 29 Tahun 2019 tentang Syarat dan Tata Cara Penunjukan Wali dan UU No 35 Tahun 2014  tentang Perlindungan Anak, juga dijadikan pertimbangan dalam menjadikan wali untuk anak di bawah umur. Penetapan pengadilan berdasarkan pada Teori Maqasid Syari’ah belum sesuai dengan tujuan teori hukumnya, tidak memenuhi pada unsur pokoknya, yang meliputi pada Pemeliharaan Jiwa, Pemeliharaan Keturunan, dan Pemeliharaan Harta yang sesuai dengan konteks Permohonan Perwalian ini.
Metode Reformasi Hukum Keluarga Islam di Dunia Muslim Perspektif Khoiruddin Nasution
Authors: Laili Nur Fauziyah , Bazikh Moh. Rofqil
Published: July 2023

The dynamics of the times always have a significant impact on Islamic family law. This necessitates a transformation from conventional fiqh to contemporary regulations. This is triggered by the fact that conventional fiqh does not have the option to provide answers to problems that arise. In solving the problems that arise in contemporary family law discourse, it is necessary to reform in the methodological aspect. This article attempts to further elaborate methods of family law reform in various Islamic countries. This article uses a descriptive-qualitative method based on library research and a historical approach. The results of this study are family law reform methods by experts used by Muslim countries in the world, including: takhayyur, talfiq, takhsis al-qada’, siyasah syar’iyah, reinterpretation of texts and alternative methods in the form of thematic-holistic methods. In general, these are grouped into two, namely intra-doctrinal reform and extra-doctrinal reform as well as the application of methods and the relevance of family law reform methods that occur in Muslim countries. Dinamika zaman senantiasa memberikan dampak perubahan yang signifikan terhadap hukum keluarga Islam. Hal tersebut meniscayakan transformasi dari fikih konvensional ke peraturan kontemporer. Transformasi tersebut dipicu oleh kenyataan bahwa fikih konvensional tidak memiliki pilihan untuk memberikan jawaban atas masalah yang muncul. Dalam menyelesaikan persoalan yang muncul dalam diskursus hukum keluarga kontemporer diperlukan adanya reformasi pada aspek metodologi. Artikel ini berupaya untuk mengelaborasi lebih lanjut metode reformasi hukum keluarga di berbagai negara Islam. Artikel ini menggunakan metode deskriptif-kualitatif dengan dengan pijakan studi kepustakaan (library reserach) dan pendekatan sejarah. Adapun hasil penelitian ini adalah metode reformasi hukum keluarga oleh para ahli yang digunakan oleh negara-negara muslim di dunia, diantaranya: takhayyur, talfiq, takhsis al-qada’, siyasah syar’iyah, reinterpretasi nash serta metode alternatif berupa metode tematik-holistik. Secara umum hal tersebut dikelompokkan menjadi dua, yaitu intra-doctrinal reform dan extra-doctrinal reform serta penerapan metode dan relevansi metode reformasi hukum keluarga yang terjadi di negara-negara muslim.
Konsep Gender dalam Perspektif Islam
Authors: Putra Adji Pratama , Ma'arif Khoirul , Islamiyyah Nanda Nabilah
Published: July 2023

Misunderstanding of gender differences in society leads to gender injustice. Islam is the arbiter that places men and women in a balanced position. However, there are still assumptions in society that differentiate the roles and positions of men and women. These factors include misunderstandings of the social roles of men and women that stem from an incomplete understanding of the Qur'anic text. This of course leads to an unbalanced perception of the position of men and women in society. This study uses a normative juridical approach by analyzing and describing the concept of gender in Islamic law clearly contained in the Qur'an and Hadith. The results of this study explain that Islam teaches equality between humans, both between men and women. The difference that exalts or demeans between men and women is only the level of piety and devotion to Allah SWT.Pemahaman yang salah terhadap perbedaan gender dalam masyarakat menyebabkan ketidakadilan gender. Islam adalah penengah yang menempatkan laki-laki dan perempuan dalam posisi yang seimbang. Namun, masih ada asumsi masyarakat yang membedakan peran dan posisi laki-laki dan perempuan. Faktor-faktor tersebut antara lain adalah kesalahpahaman terhadap peran sosial laki-laki dan perempuan yang bersumber dari pemahaman yang tidak utuh terhadap teks Al-Qur'an. Hal ini tentu saja menimbulkan persepsi yang tidak seimbang terhadap posisi laki-laki dan perempuan dalam masyarakat. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan yuridis normatif dengan menganalisis dan mendeskripsikan konsep gender dalam hukum Islam secara jelas yang terdapat di dalam al-Qur’an maupun Hadis. Hasil penelitian ini menjelaskan bahwa Islam mengajarkan persamaan antara manusia, baik antara laki-laki dan perempuan. Perbedaan yang meninggikan atau merendahkan antara laki-laki dan perempuan hanyalah tingkat ketakwaan dan pengabdiannya kepada Allah Swt.
Auswirkungen des Europäischen Binnenmarktes auf die regionale Finanzstruktur
Authors: Zimmermann Horst , Müller Walter
Published: July 2023

Um die Auswirkungen von bedeutenden gesamtwirtschaftlichen Prozessen wie z. B. dem Europäischen Binnenmarkt auf das gegebene Kräfteverhältnis in der finanziellen Ausstattung von Gebietskörperschaften einer Ebene zu beurteilen, wird eine Methode entwickelt, mit deren Hilfe eine grobe Schätzung der steuerlichen „Ergiebigkeit“ von einzelnen Wirtschaftszweigen möglich ist. Durch die Feststellung des branchenspezifischen Steueraufkommens ist auch die regionale Zuordnung von branchenstrukturbedingten Änderungen der regionalen Steuereinnahmen möglich. Eine auf dieser Methode basierende Untersuchung der Auswirkungen des Binnenmarktes bis zum Jahr 2000 kommt zu dem Ergebnis, daß mit einer unerwünschten regionalen Verteilungswirkung zu rechnen ist. Das Ausmaß, in dem die relativ finanzschwachen Gebietskörperschaften benachteiligt werden, ist zwar im Durchschnitt nicht so groß, daß dringender finanzpolitischer Handlungsbedarf besteht, aber für ein verstärktes, eventuell sogar präventives regionalpolitisches Engagement kann die Berücksichtigung der Binnenmarkteffekte eine sinnvolle Orientierung geben.
MiniGraph: Querying Big Graphs with a Single Machine
Authors: Zhu Xiaoke , Liu Yang , Liu Shuhao , Fan Wenfei
Published: July 2023

This paper presents MiniGraph, an out-of-core system for querying big graphs with a single machine. As opposed to previous single-machine graph systems, MiniGraph proposes a pipelined architecture to overlap I/O and CPU operations, and improves multi-core parallelism. It also introduces a hybrid model to support both vertex-centric and graph-centric parallel computations, to simplify parallel graph programming, speed up beyond-neighborhood computations, and parallelize computations within each subgraph. The model induces a two-level parallel execution model to explore both inter-subgraph and intra-subgraph parallelism. Moreover, MiniGraph develops new optimization techniques under its architecture. Using real-life graphs of different types, we show that MiniGraph is up to 76.1x faster than prior out-of-core systems, and performs better than some multi-machine systems that use up to 12 machines.