bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Efeito do metal de adição na resistência ao desgaste por deslizamento de um aço estrutural soldado por GMAW
Authors: Giarollo Daniela Fátima , Mazzaferro Cíntia Cristiane Petry , Mazzaferro José Antônio Esmerio
Published: September 2019

RESUMO O objetivo do presente trabalho foi avaliar o efeito do metal de adição na soldagem, e das microestruturas resultantes, na resistência ao desgaste de juntas soldadas de um aço estrutural ASTM A242, que possui resistência à corrosão atmosférica e é utilizado na fabricação de vagões destinados ao transporte de minério. As amostras foram soldadas através do processo GMAW (Gas Metal Arc Welding), utilizando dois metais de adição que apresentam resistências mecânicas diferentes, AWS ER70S-6 e AWS ER80S-G. A resistência ao desgaste das amostras foi avaliada através de ensaios de microdesgaste por deslizamento linear recíproco, a seco e em uma solução contendo 0,05M NaCl, em três regiões da junta soldada: metal base (MB), metal de solda (MS) e zona afetada pelo calor de grãos grosseiros (ZAC-GG). Após a soldagem, foi observado um aumento nos valores médios de durezas do MS e da ZAC em relação à dureza inicial do metal base. Os resultados dos ensaios de microdesgaste mostraram que o MB apresentou a menor resistência ao desgaste, possivelmente devido à sua microestrutura, que facilitou o desgaste por deformação plástica. A ZAC-GG apresentou a maior resistência ao desgaste entre as três regiões analisadas. Comparando os ensaios realizados nas condições a seco e em solução foi observada uma redução nos valores de coeficiente de atrito quando adicionada uma solução ao sistema, e uma perda de volume das trilhas mais acentuada. Observou-se que a utilização do metal de adição de menor resistência mecânica produziu juntas soldadas com resistência ao desgaste comparável às juntas obtidas com o arame de maior resistência.
Estudo da eficiência do Orbignya oleifera como inibidor verde de corrosão para aço com baixo teor de carbono comparado com inibidor comercial em solução HCl 1M
Authors: Peres Jhonatan , Conde Renato , Bezerra Camilla , Costa Rita , Reis Gedeon , Souza Maria Eliziane Pires de , Nascimento Carmem
Published: September 2019

RESUMO O trabalho visa um estudo comparativo entre a eficiência do óleo de coco babaçu (Orbignya oleifera) utilizado como inibidor verde de corrosão e um inibidor comercial testados em aço ABNT 1020 em meio contendo ácido clorídrico. A avaliação foi realizada utilizando técnicas eletroquímicas de polarização linear aliado ao Método de Extrapolação de Tafel e Espectroscopia de Impedância Eletroquímica. As concentrações dos inibidores utilizadas foram 3, 4 e 5 g/L em solução contendo ácido clorídrico (HCl) 1M. Os resultados de espectroscopia de impedância eletroquímica mostraram que o Orbignya oleifera atua como inibidor de adsorção e que sua eficiência de inibição (56,45%) é superior comparado a eficiência do inibidor comercial (36,08%) na concentração de 3 g/L, uma vez que apresentou maior resistência de transferência de carga (47,3Ω) em comparação ao inibidor HPAA (32,23Ω). Os resultados de polarização linear mostraram que o óleo de Orbignya oleífera aumentou a eficiência de inibição no aço ABNT 1020 em solução de HCl 1M nas concentração de 3 e 4 g/L. A máxima eficiência inibidora do Orbignya oleífera neste ensaio foi de 48%, que pode estar associada a composição química desse óleo, na qual consta a presença do ácido láurico com concentração de 47%, o que pode ter contribuído para uma camada de inibição mais eficiente.
Study of the metallurgical bond between 316 steel substrates and NiCrAlY coating sprayed by HVOF and irradiated with a low power CO2 laser
Authors: Dyer Silvelene Alessandra Silva , Volú Renê Martins , Dyer Paulo Paiva Oliveira Leite , Oliveira Ana Claudia Costa , Vasconcelos Getúlio de
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACT Coatings are used to promote the thermal protection of metal alloys. In the aeronautical industry, the coatings used to protect the turbine blades are called Thermal Barrier Coatings (TBC). The use of NiCrAlY is an alternative as a bonding layer in coatings for turbine blades and it is possible to increase its useful life. This work aims to study the metallurgical bond between the 316-stainless steel substrate and the NiCrAlY coating which was sprayed through the High-Velocity Oxygen-Fuel (HVOF) and after irradiated by a CO2 laser beam with power of 125 W and speed of 50 mm/s. The samples were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and the semi-quantitative analysis energy dispersive spectroscopic (EDX) showed that the chemical composition of the coating and the substrate have maintained its original stoichiometry. The line scan analysis is a technique of the EDX to analyze the diffusion between the main chemical elements of 316 steel and NiCrAlY and X-ray diffraction by identifying the alumina AL2O3 phases on the sample surface and the results showed the metallurgical bond between substrate and coating.
Avaliação da susceptibilidade de precipitação da fase sigma na soldagem do aço inoxidável duplex SAF2205
Authors: Fonseca Camila Soares , Silva Sidney Nicodemos da , Gomes Henrique Giacomini , Silva Danillo Wisky , Guimarães Júnior José Benedito , Pinheiro Ivete Peixoto
Published: September 2019

RESUMO A soldagem de aços inoxidáveis duplex é uma operação crítica, devido aos ciclos térmicos aos quais o material é submetido, que podem favorecer a precipitação de fases deletérias. Nesse contexto, objetivo dessa pesquisa é analisar a influência da energia de soldagem na susceptibilidade à formação de fase sigma no aço duplex SAF2205. As chapas de SAF2205 foram soldadas pelo processo de soldagem GMAW, variando a energia de soldagem em 0,5kJ/mm, 1,0kJ/mm, 1,5 kJ/mm. O material foi analisado por microscopia óptica, DRX e microdureza Vickers. A análise da microestrutura das chapas evidenciou que quanto maior o aporte térmico utilizado na soldagem, maior é a quantidade de austenita e maior o tamanho do grão austenítico e ferrítico. Por meio do perfil de microdureza verificou-se que ocorre a redução da dureza na ZTA. Através do DRX foi determinada a presença de fase sigma nas regiões de solda para amostras soldadas com energia de soldagem de 1,0kJ/mm e 1,5 kJ/mm. Concluiu-se que pode-se utilizar nos processos de soldagem GMAW de aços inoxidáveis duplex SAF2205 com 4 mm de espessura aporte térmico próximo de 0,5 kJ/mm quando o objetivo for evitar a formação de fase sigma e aproximadamente igual a 1,5 kJ/mm quando o objetivo for manter percentual das fases na ZTA e ZF próximo ao do metal.
Influencia de la geometría del proyectil en ensayos dinámicos de tracción
Authors: Lezcano Roberto Alonso González , Fernández Eduardo Jose López , García Sonia Cesteros , Contreras Gastón Sanglier
Published: September 2019

RESUMEN El enfoque principal de este estudio es discutir la influencia de la longitud del proyectil en los resultados de un experimento de la barra Hopkinson de tracción (SHTB). Se han realizado simulaciones por medio de elementos finitos utilizando el software comercial ABAQUS en ensayos de tracción a altas velocidades de deformación en muestras de aleación de aluminio 7017T73 variando la longitud del proyectil. Los análisis por elementos finitos se han aplicado para simular los efectos de la variación de la longitud del proyectil en las mediciones obtenidas en las barras incidente, reflejada y transmitida. Se han obtenido diferentes velocidades de deformación, al variar la longitud del proyectil permaneciendo su velocidad constante. Los resultados de la simulación muestran que la longitud del proyectil tiene un efecto significativo en la tensión obtenida en la muestra y también en la curva de tensión-deformación. Se puede concluir que la longitud del proyectil es un factor que influye en los ensayos de tracción dinámica, ya que tiene un efecto significativo en la tensión obtenida dentro de la probeta. Las simulaciones también proporcionan información complementaria a los experimentos y una comprensión profunda del comportamiento de la probeta.
As máquinas de complexidade: diálogo com Edgar Morin
Authors: Oliveira Juliana Michelli da Silva , Almeida Rogério de
Published: September 2019

Resumo A presença da máquina como modelo de conhecimento tem assumido progressiva importância nas sociedades contemporâneas, sobretudo em razão do uso ampliado das máquinas cognitivas, as quais reconfiguram a organização das atividades produtivas, educativas, sociais e culturais. As consequências da utilização da máquina para o pensamento e fazer humanos, bem como a participação desse artefato como referência de funcionamento aos seres vivos e às sociedades são exploradas na obra O método , do filósofo e sociólogo francês Edgar Morin. Buscando compreender o significado da máquina ou, mais precisamente, do ser-máquina no pensamento complexo e confrontar as hipóteses de trabalho do doutorado intitulado A vida das máquinas: imaginário dos autômatos em O método de Edgar Morin, realizou-se uma entrevista com o autor no CNRS-Sorbonne, em Paris, atividade integrante do período de pesquisa desenvolvido na Universidade Grenoble Alpes e concluído na Faculdade de Educação da Universidade de São Paulo. Na entrevista, depois de esclarecer quais são as bases da noção de ser-máquina e suas peculiaridades em relação às abordagens cartesianas e lametrianas, o autor discorre sobre a importância do imaginário na produção do conhecimento e comenta as imagens pouco usuais que atribui às máquinas, como Pétrouchka. Por fim, Morin acentua a ideia de que os seres vivos são máquinas não triviais e não podem ser reduzidos aos determinismos que caracterizam as máquinas artificiais (artefatos), pois significativa parte de sua produção se dá a partir de processos criativos e auto-organizados.
Concepções educativas morais de crianças e adolescentes: diálogo entre teoria do juízo moral de Piaget e teoria do domínio social de Turiel
Authors: Caetano Luciana Maria , Souza Jackeline Maria de , Silva Cecilia Onohara da , Choi Paulo Yoo Chul
Published: September 2019

Resumo A presente pesquisa teve como objetivo principal a investigação das concepções educativas morais de crianças e adolescentes, focando em suas compreensões acerca do papel dos pais como educadores e formadores. Trata-se de uma pesquisa exploratória, descritiva e de análise qualitativa e quantitativa. Os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevistas estruturadas, utilizando um instrumento embasado na teoria do domínio social e na Piagetiana. Participaram 45 sujeitos, de 10 a 13 anos, alunos de uma escola pública de um bairro periférico de um município da Grande São Paulo. Os resultados indicaram: pouca presença de justificativas morais e a grande proporção de justificativas convencionais; obediência mesmo quando não legitimando a autoridade parental; pouca reivindicação por autonomia; notou-se que a legitimidade da autoridade parental, a obrigatoriedade da regra e a obediência da regra predominam, em maior grau, nas situações que foram classificadas previamente como sendo de domínios moral, prudencial e convencional, diferente das situações que envolvem o domínio pessoal. Ao considerar os resultados encontrados, pode-se afirmar que, sob o ponto de vista dos participantes dessa amostra, o papel dos pais está muito relacionado ao estabelecimento de regras sobre todos os conteúdos das interações sociais dos filhos. Além disso, a autoridade deles é frequentemente legitimada, com exceção dos assuntos percebidos como de domínio pessoal. Ao consultar a literatura da área, observa-se que pais e filhos têm percepções diferentes sobre justiça, obediência, autonomia e respeito em suas relações. Sugerem-se novas pesquisas com diversificação da amostragem e a inserção da variável religião, dada a quantidade de justificativas referentes à temática.
External and intestinal parasites of the Austral thrush Turdus falcklandii (Aves, Turdidae) in central Chile
Authors: Llanos-Soto Sebastián , Córdoba Mabel , Moreno Lucila , Kinsella John Mike , Mironov Sergey , Cicchino Armando , Barrientos Carlos , Martín-Ordenes Julio San , González-Acuña Daniel
Published: September 2019

Abstract A total of thirty Austral thrushes Turdus falcklandii Quoy & Gaimard, 1824 (Turdidae) carcasses were brought to the Departamento de Ciencia Animal, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad de Concepción, to be examined for ecto- and endoparasites. Ectoparasites were found on 20% (6/30) of the thrushes and belonged to species Brueelia magellanica Cichino, 1986 (Phthiraptera), Menacanthus eurysternus Burmeister, 1838 (Phthiraptera) and Tyrannidectes falcklandicus Mironov & González-Acuña, 2011 (Acari). Endoparasites were isolated from 26.6% (8/30) of the birds and identified as Lueheia inscripta Westrumb, 1821 (Acanthocephala), Plagiorhynchus cylindraceus Goeze, 1782 (Acanthocephala), Wardium sp. sensu Mayhew, 1925 (Cestoda), Dilepis undula (Cestoda) Schrank, 1788, and Zonorchis sp. (sensu Travassos, 1944) (Trematoda). To our knowledge, all endoparasites collected in this study are new records in T. falcklandii and expand their distributional range to Chile.
Gene knockout v1
Authors: 董 宏亮
Published: September 2019

We use this protocol to knock out pykF in E.coli ΔpfkA
Fault diagnosis of multistage centrifugal pump unit using non-local means-based vibration signal denoising
Authors: Han Te , Jiang Dongxiang
Published: September 2019

In real industry environment, the signal characteristics of multistage centrifugal pump vibration signal are easily submerged by
strong background noise. To settle this problem, the nonlocal means (NLM) approach is proposed for the denoising of multistage
centrifugal pump in this paper. Utilizing the similarity theory, the NLM method has achieved a wide range of applications in the
fields of image processing and biomedical signal denoising. Due to the periodic characteristics and redundancy, NLM is successfully applied to the de-noising of 1-D machinery vibration signal. The numerical simulation experiments with different SNRs verify
the effectiveness and the superiority of the proposed method. Besides, the selection principles of core parameters in NLM are discussed. The real engineering cases analysis demonstrates that the NLM can effectively filter out the background noise and realize
the weak fault feature enhancements. The proposed noise reduction method is superior to traditional wavelet coefficient method.
Particle swarm-optimized support vector machines and pre-processing techniques for remaining useful life estimation of bearings
Authors: Souto Maior , das Chagas Moura Márcio , Lins Isis
Published: September 2019

The useful life time of equipment is an important variable related to system prognosis, and its accurate estimation leads to several
competitive advantage in industry. In this paper, Remaining Useful Lifetime (RUL) prediction is estimated by Particle Swarm
optimized Support Vector Machines (PSO+SVM) considering two possible pre-processing techniques to improve input quality: Empirical Mode Decomposition (EMD) and Wavelet Transforms (WT). Here, EMD and WT coupled with SVM are used to
predict RUL of bearing from the IEEE PHM Challenge 2012 big dataset. Specifically, two cases were analyzed: considering the
complete vibration dataset and considering truncated vibration dataset. Finally, predictions provided from models applying both
pre-processing techniques are compared against results obtained from PSO+SVM without any pre-processing approach. As conclusion, EMD+SVM presented more accurate predictions and outperformed the other models
Evaluation of the importance factors of the power plants within the power system reliability evaluation
Authors: Čepin Marko
Published: September 2019

The objective of the paper is to develop the reliability importance factors which could identify the plants, which more or less contribute to the increased or decreased power system reliability. One group of importance factors could identify the plants, which
with their increased availability would notably increase the power system reliability The other group of the importance factors
could identify the plants, which with their reduced availability would notably reduce the power system reliability. The importance
factors have been developed. An example of regional power system was considered for the case study. The results identify the
power plants which are more susceptible to increase of the loss of load expectation and thus to decreasing of the power system
reliability, if their availability is reduced. Similarly, the results identify the power plants which are more susceptible to decreasing
of the loss of load expectation and thus to increase of the power system reliability, if their availability is increased. The lists of important factors can serve as a standpoint for inclusion of the power system reliability role within the power system to the planning
activities. The lists of importance factors can represent the standpoint for the power system operator to reward the improvement
of the power plant availability or to penalize the reduced power plant availability
Forecasting the readiness of special vehicles using the semi-Markov model
Authors: Borucka Anna , Niewczas Andrzej , Hasilova Kamila
Published: September 2019

The vehicle exploitation system, consisting of statistically identical objects that perform intervention tasks, not subject to systematic changes, can be modelled as a stationary stochastic process. Such a model allows to determine the probabilistic indicators
of current and boundary readiness of the system. This article presents the use of the semi-Markov process, based on three operating states: operation, ready-to-be-used and repair, to study a transport system consisting of special vehicles. On the example of
a sample consisting of police patrol cars, experimental studies of the intensity of fleet utilization, time of failure-free operation of
vehicles were carried out, and it was demonstrated that the examined transport system is characterized by a satisfactory, stationary readiness coefficient. The developmental possibilities of the presented modelling method were emphasized.
Experimental evaluation of the dynamic properties of an energy microturbine with defects in the rotating system
Authors: Żywica Grzegorz , Kaczmarczyk Tomasz
Published: September 2019

Today’s energy systems increasingly use various types of microturbines to produce electricity. A specific feature of such
machines is a high-speed rotor, whose rotational speed can be higher than 100,000 rpm. Failure-free operation of highspeed microturbine rotors requires both special design and high precision during the manufacturing process. What
is more, proper procedures must be followed during run-up and coast-down phases; and also, dedicated diagnostic
systems have to be used. This article discusses the experimental research conducted on a 2.5 kW vapour microturbine
that operated in a prototypical combined heat and power plant. A series of measurements was carried out to evaluate the dynamic performance of the machine during normal operation. After the appearance of certain defects in the
rotating system, it was necessary to perform a new series of measurements in order to assess the dynamic properties of
the machine. The measurements results obtained in the form of vibration velocity spectrums made it possible to define
diagnostic symptoms corresponding to particular defects. Similar diagnostic symptoms can occur during the operation
of this class of turbomachines.
Durability and exploitation performance of cutting tools made out of chromium oxide nanocomposite materials
Authors: Gevorkyan Edvin , Prokopiv Mykola , Rucki Mirosław , Morozow Dmitrij
Published: September 2019

This article is devoted to nanoscale composite materials based on Cr2O3 obtained by the activated electric fields sintering procedure. In the paper, exploitative properties of the sintered system of Cr2O3 – AlN nanocomposite was examined. Mechanical properties of the material were examined, especially from the perspective of its performance in the cutting tools. In particular, its wear
was tested at different cutting speeds, as well as for intermittent hard cutting, and the results were compared with other materials
available in the market. Compared to other cutting tools of the same class, Bichromit-R performed the same lifetime for 3-5 times
higher cutting speeds, or up to 45% longer lifetime for the same cutting speed. The results lead to the conclusion that composite
nanostructure improves substantially exploitation characteristics of the cutting tools.
Method of calculation of tribotechnical characteristics of the metal-polymer gear, reinforced with glass fiber, taking into account the correction of tooth
Authors: Chernets Myron
Published: September 2019

The paper proposes a new method for calculating the service life, wear and contact pressures of metal-polymer gear drives with a
correction profile. The effects of height and angular modification in a gear drive made of dispersive glass fibre-reinforced polyamide and steel on its contact and tribocontact parameters are determined. A numerical solution obtained for the gear with height
correction has shown that the life of such gear is the longest when the profile correction coefficients 1 2 x = −x = 0.1. It has been
found that the service life of the gear with angular correction is shorter than that of the gear with correction height. The effects of
gear tooth height and angular correction on maximum contact pressures and pinion wear are examined and determined.
Selected issues of the reliability and operational assessment of a fire alarm system
Authors: Paś Jacek , Klimczak Tomasz
Published: September 2019

The article discusses an analysis of the operational and reliability issues, which regards selected fire alarm systems (FAS) exhibiting different functional structures. These systems are operated in a vast transport area, within a specific environment. We can distinguish three basic structures of these systems – focused, dispersed and mixed. A given system functional structure, utilized within
a facility (a given area) is a function depending on the configuration, internal connections of elements and devices, and a developed fire scenario. The application of a given system structure for fire protection also depends on the legislation determining the
approval of a facility (area) for use. The process of executing a scenario in the event of a fire is ensured by an algorithm implemented in the alarm central unit and other elements of the system. The implementation of all the system requirements specified within
a given procedure algorithm depends on, e.g., an appropriate reliability structure and environmental conditions. The article
analyses the operational process of selected FAS, which are operated within a vast transport area. It discusses the actual results
of the operational process tests, e.g., repair and damage durations. Next, operational relationship graph, taking into account the
conducted operational test, was developed. This enabled the determination of relationships that allow to specify the operating and
reliability parameters in terms of a FAS staying in the states distinguished for the research. The FAS test methodology presented
in the article, owing to meeting specific performance requirements, can be used in the course of developing a fire scenario and
designing systems, taking into account various available technical solutions.
Identification of surface stress in the exhaust system pipe made by hydroforming technology based on diffractometric measurements
Authors: Kucharska Barbara
Published: September 2019

In the work identificaton of surface stresses in the exhaust pipe made of Cr-Ni steel shaped with hydroforming technology. Stresses
were determined by the non-destructive x-ray method sin2
ψ. A complex state of tensile stresses with values in the range of 69÷240
MPa for circumferential stresses and 26÷290 MPa for longitudinal stresses was found on the surface of the pipe. The distribution
of stresses on the circumference and length of the pipe was analyzed on the basis of coefficients of variation and wall thickness.
A relationship was found between the value of surface stress and the wall thickness of the pipe. The highest stresses occurred in
the areas of the pipe where the thickness of the wall was reduced the most. In the central part of the pipe, where the wall thickness
reduction was the smallest, the stresses were also the smallest, but they were characterized by the highest dispersion of value. The
distribution of surface stresses determined by diffractometric method was compared with the model of deformation of the pipe
generated numerically
Analysis of heat exchange in the powertrain of a road vehicle with a retarder
Authors: Jamroziak Krzysztof , Kwasniowski Stanislaw , Kosobudzki Mariusz , Zajac Pawel
Published: September 2019

The paper presents a heat exchange model for the cooling system of any complex, physical system. Verification of the correctness of
the theoretical model was carried out on the example of a vehicle with a combustion engine and additionally equipped with a hydraulic retarder. The results of laboratory tests, which were carried out on an engine test bench, were also performed for the above
mentioned powertrain, so as to compare the results of modelling with the results of the tests. Determining the operating parameters
of the components of the cooling system aimed at protecting the entire powertrain against overheating is a key task. Theoretical
analysis of heat exchange in the powertrain of a road vehicle was carried out, with particular emphasis on the hydraulic retarder
(a device braking the vehicle during a descent on roads with a high gradient of the road, mandatory according to the ADR convention). The subject of the study was a mathematical model of a complex cooling system developed by the authors, described by
means of balance equations and differential equations. This model was tested with the use of the Matlab-Simulink suite for given
load parameters of the cooling system, which were used in tests on an engine test bench. The values of coefficients describing the
thermal state of the powertrain were obtained. Simulations were performed for different variants of technical parameters of the
expanded cooling system. In this way, individual units and components of the cooling system were optimized so that it fulfilled its
role in the assumed operating conditions and the ecologization of emission of energy sources (fuel) and harmful substances.
Analysis, evaluation and monitoring of the characteristic frequencies of pneumatic drive unit and its bearing through their corresponding frequency spectra and spectral density
Authors: Castilla-Gutiérrez Javier , Carlos Fortes , Pulido-Calvo Inmaculada
Published: September 2019

This article shows the results of the study of the characteristic frequencies of pneumatic drive equipment and its suspension bearing. The analysis approaches one of the most important requirements of the industrial sector, which seeks to be recognised by the
efficiency and performance of its equipment when compared to its coming economic competitors. For data collection and we have
followed the ISO 10816 standards, thus using the values of speed in RMS, aiming to reduce the masking of these signals that occurs
depending on whether they are high or low frequencies. The study will respond to one of the most important requirements found in
the predictive and preventive control of industrial sites. The problem of the predictive systems of maintenance of equipment with
bearings lies in the number of monitoring and analysis points that generate a high cost in time and human resources. The aim will
be to determine which of all the study frequencies is the most significant and in which position and measurement axis has the biggest
impact. To do this, we will analyse the rotation frequency of the blowing machine, the resulting frequency of all the frequencies, the
frequency of the impulsion blades and finally the frequency of the bearing. The study would be able to predict when our equipment is
going to suffer a failure, reducing the control points and the cost
Structural reliability analysis based on fuzzy random uncertainty
Authors: You Lingfei , Zhang Jianguo , Li Qiao , Ye Nan
Published: September 2019

To address the fuzzy random uncertainty in structural reliability analysis, a novel method for obtaining the membership function of
fuzzy reliability is proposed on the two orders four central moments (TOFM) method based on envelope distribution. At each cut
level, the envelope distribution is first constructed, which is a new expression to describe the bound of the fuzzy random variable
distribution. The central moments of the bound distribution are determined by generating samples from the envelope distribution,
and they are used to calculate the central moments of the limit state function based on the first two orders of the Taylor expansion.
Thereafter, the modern approximation method is used to approximate the polynomial expression for the limit state function probability density function (PDF) by considering the central moments as constraint conditions. Thus, the reliability boundaries can
be calculated under the considered cut level, and the membership function of the fuzzy reliability is subsequently obtained. Three
examples are evaluated to demonstrate the efficiency and accuracy of the proposed method. Moreover, a comparison is made between the proposed method, Monte Carlo simulation (MCS) method, and fuzzy first-order reliability method (FFORM). The results
show the superiority of the proposed method, which is feasible for the analysis of structural reliability with fuzzy randomness.
Dapagliflozin : manfaat dan risiko pada diabetes melitus tipe 2
Authors: Kalumpiu Joice Viladelvia
Published: September 2019

Dapagliflozin merupakan salah satu obat antidiabetes pemberian oral golongan penghambat sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) yang digunakan pada penderita diabetes melitus tipe 2 (DMT2). Berbeda dengan antidiabetes oral lain yang bekerja menstimulasi sekresi insulin atau meningkatkan sensitivitas insulin, dapagliflozin bekerja di ginjal dengan cara menghambat secara kompetitif protein SGLT2 secara reversibel yang berperan dalam reabsorpsi glukosa di glomerulus sehingga menurunkan kadar gula dalam darah penderita DMT2. Beberapa studi telah dilakukan untuk melihat efek penghamabat SGLT2 dalam menurunkan kejadian kardiovaskular seperti Empagliflozin Cardiovascular Outcome Event Trial in Type-2 Diabetes Patients-Remove Excess Glucose, Canagliflozin Cardiovascular Assessment Study, dan studi multisenter yang mengevaluasi efek dapagliflozin pada insiden kejadian kardiovaskular yaitu Dapagliflozin Effect on Cardiovascular Events (DECLARE-TIMI 58) menunjukkan hasil yang kontradiksi. DECLARE-TIMI58 menunjukkan dapagliflozin tidak meningkatkan atau menurunkan risiko major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) berbeda dengan obat golongan penghambat SGLT2 lainnya, namun studi ini menunjukkan dapagliflozin dapat menurunkan tingkat kematian dan rawat inap akibat penyakit gagal jantung. 

The American College of Cardiology, the American Diabetes Association (ADA), dan The European Society of Cardiology guideline saat ini sudah merekomendasikan penggunaan penghambat SGLT2 (empagliflozin dan canagliflozin) sebagai obat tambahan pada pasien DMT2 dengan aterosklerosis. Hingga saat ini dapagliflozin belum direkomendasikan penggunaannya untuk penyakit kardiovaskular pencegahan aterosklerosis pada pasien DMT2 karena masih kurangnya studi-studi yang mendukung. Ketoasidosis  merupakan risiko yang perlu dipantau pada penggunaan obat penghambat SGLT2. Baru-baru ini FDA mengeluarkan adanya peringatan kejadian Fournier’s gangrene. Selain itu, peningkatan risiko fraktur dilaporkan pada penggunaan dapagliflozin dan perlu dipantau bila dimanfaatkan pada penderita DMT2 dalam praktik klinik.
Developing innovation pedagogy
Authors: Konst Taru , Kairisto-Mertanen Liisa
Published: September 2019

The purpose of this paper is to discuss the concept of a pedagogical strategy called innovation pedagogy and study how it has been and will be developed. The paper provides a discussion of the changes in innovation pedagogy and, more generally, in higher education, including the changes in educational goals and involving a sustainable future as the priority in all education. The research methodology is based on action research and participatory observation as well as on the experiences of the authors of the development process, which has taken place in a Finnish university of applied sciences during the past 12 years. The study helps to understand how education development takes place gradually and how it can simultaneously respond to the demands of a sustainable future. This paper strengthens the understanding of innovation pedagogy by providing a set of concrete steps to advise how to put innovation pedagogy in practice.

Keywords: Education development, higher education, innovation pedagogy, sustainable future
On the relationship between Iranian EFL Teachers' attitudes towards the Book series ''Prospect'' taught in Iran's Schools and their TKT (Teaching Knowledge Test)
Authors: Noormohammadi Behnam
Published: September 2019

This study aimed 1) to explore Iranian EFL teachers’ attitudes towards the different aspects of the English textbooks prospectused at the first three grades of high school in Iran 2) to probe any relationship between the teachers 'attitudes towards prospect series and their TKT level. A questionnaire and a structured interview were utilized as instruments in this research. The questionnaire was structured in 3 units: The first unit was intended to record the respondents’ demographic informationsuch as their age, sex, field of study, university, and teaching experience; the second unit including 24 items was intended todiscover the respondents’ level of TKT; and the third unit including 28 items was designed to elicit the teachers’ attitudestowards the current high school textbooks. This questionnaire of attitude was designed in the form of Likert scale includingstrongly disagree, disagree, slightly disagree, agree, slightly agree and strongly agree. The data of the study were collectedthrough administering the questionnaire to 80 teachers from Amol, Isfahan and Tehran. Also, semi-organized interviews havebeen carried out with twelve teachers selected from the eighty to cross-check the results of the study. Due to the rate of theabsence, seventy of them completed the questionnaire. After administering questionnaire, the data were analyzeddescriptively and inferentially. The results of the Pearson Chi 2 and Fisher's Exact p-value were respectively o.516 and 0.642. Since they are above %0.05, we can conclude that there is no significant relationship between Iranian EFL Teachers' attitudestowards the Book series ''Prospect'' taught in Iran's Schools and their TKT. The results indicated that a) the participants hadpositive (high) attitudes towards the English series Prospect b) There is not any significant relationship between the teachers’positive attitudes towards the new text books and their TKT level.
Keywords: Iranian EFL teachers, attitude, textbooks, TKT.
Addressing air traffic controllers’ English language proficiency needs: Case of Zenata Airport
Authors: Mekkaoui Ghania , Mouhadjer Noureddine
Published: September 2019

The current paper is a contribution to the field of English for Specific Purposes (ESP) in aviation industry in an Algerian context. It was conducted in Zenata – Messali el Hadj Airport. It was a case study research that is intended to explore the English language deficiencies and problems Algerian air traffic controllers may face in their work, as well as to identify their lacks, needs and wants. To overcome their difficulties a needs identification and analysis was conducted thanks to various instruments: Interviews, a questionnaire and classroom observation. The results indicated that all informants involved in the current research were aware of the importance of the English language in aviation industry, as low proficiency in this language might lead to misunderstanding and dangerous situations. Air traffic controllers reveal their need to develop their language proficiency, namely in speaking and listening skills with special focus on vocabulary and grammar. To conclude English language is important in aviation industry. A good mastery of this language helps avoid misunderstanding and keep aviation safety. Thus, Algerian air traffic controllers need to enhance their English language ability thanks to appropriate English courses and well-trained ESP teachers.
Keywords: Air traffic controllers, English for aviation, English for specific purposes, English language proficiency
Dissociation de la personnalité et thérapie EMDR dans les troubles complexes liés au trauma : applications dans la phase de stabilisation
Authors: van der Hart Onno , Groenendijk Mariëtte , Gonzalez Anabel , Mosquera Dolores , Solomon Roger
Published: September 2019

Comme un précédent article dans ce journal l'a déjà proposé, les cliniciens EMDR (désensibilisation et retraitement par les mouvements oculaires) qui traitent des patients présentant des troubles complexes liés au trauma pourraient tirer bénéfice de la connaissance et de l'application de la théorie de la dissociation structurelle de la personnalité (TDSP) et de sa psychologie de l'action associée. La TDSP pose l'hypothèse selon laquelle la dissociation de la personnalité constitue la caractéristique principale de la traumatisation et d'une large gamme de troubles liés au trauma, depuis le simple état de stress post-traumatique (ESPT) jusqu'au trouble dissociatif de l'identité (TDI). La théorie peut aider les thérapeutes EMDR à développer une carte complète permettant de comprendre les problèmes des patients présentant des troubles complexes liés au trauma et de formuler et de mener à bien un plan de traitement. Le modèle qui fait consensus parmi les experts du trauma complexe est le traitement orienté par phases dans lequel une phase de stabilisation et de préparation précède le traitement des souvenirs traumatiques. Cet article se concentre sur la phase initiale de stabilisation et de préparation, très importante dans l'utilisation sûre et efficace de l'EMDR dans le traitement du trauma complexe. Les thèmes centraux sont (a) le travail sur les croyances inadaptées, (b) le dépassement des phobies dissociatives, et (c) une application étendue des ressources.
Supervision de cas : une femme enceinte traumatisée
Authors: Forgash Carol , Leeds Andrew , Stramrood Claire A.I. , Robbins Amy
Published: September 2019

Supervision de cas est une nouvelle rubrique régulière du Journal of EMDR Practice and Research, où un thérapeute demande de l'aide au sujet d'un cas difficile et où des réponses sont apportées par trois experts. Dans cet article, Amy Robbins (Atlanta, Géorgie), une thérapeute certifiée de la désensibilisation et du retraitement par les mouvements oculaires (EMDR) décrit brièvement le cas difficile d'une femme enceinte qui souhaite traiter un traumatisme subi au cours d'une tornade. La clinicienne demande s'il est indiqué de faire de l'EMDR et quels sont les précautions qu'elle devrait avoir à l'esprit. Le premier expert, Carol Forgash, fournit des informations générales sur la grossesse et la psychothérapie et expose les considérations, les soucis et les contre-indications relatifs au traitement EMDR dans ce cas. Elle recommande que, si le choix se porte sur le traitement EMDR, le thérapeute utilise le protocole de traumas récents pour cibler spécifiquement les souvenirs traumatiques de l'épisode récent de la tornade. Le second expert, Andrew Leeds, commente l'absence d'essais contrôlés randomisés (ECR) ou d'autres rapports scientifiques explorant la sécurité du traitement EMDR chez les femmes enceintes. Il estime que les femmes enceintes présentant des symptômes de stress post- traumatique doivent comprendre qu'il y a de fortes chances pour que l'EMDR améliore leur qualité de vie et que les risques d'effets indésirables sur la stabilité de la grossesse sont probablement faibles, mais qu'ils demeurent cependant inconnus. Le troisième expert, Claire Stramrood, explique que les rares études de cas ayant évalué l'EMDR pendant la grossesse ont rapporté des effets positifs, mais qu'elles concernaient des femmes souffrant d'un état de stress post-traumatique (ESPT) suivant un accouchement. Elle fait valoir qu'après consultation de l'obstétricien, une fois que les femmes ont été informées des risques et bénéfices potentiels, et qu'elles ont donné leur consentement éclairé, elles doivent être en mesure de choisir de commencer ou non la thérapie EMDR au cours de leur grossesse.
Team-based learning versus traditional didactic lectures in teaching clinical biochemistry; learning outcomes and student satisfaction: a case control study at King Abdul Aziz University
Authors: Alamoudi Aliaa A. , Alsawwa Lana Adey , Gad Hoda , Tekian Ara
Published: September 2019

Background: Team-Based Learning (TBL) which encourages students to become active rather than passive learners has gained world-wide popularity in medical education due to its proven positive effect on more than one aspect of the educational process. At King Abdulaziz University (KAU), clinical biochemistry is still taught in the form of didactic lectures, and while there is a need for introducing active learning, student learning response from TBL has not been explored. Methods: In our case-control study, we compared learning outcomes and student satisfaction in a clinical biochemistry course taught either via TBL to second year Clinical Nutrition students (n= 33) or via traditional lectures to same year Nursing students (n=70). The same summative post-course exam was given to both student groups to assess impact on learning. Focus group discussion and a self-administered questionnaire were used to gain insight into Clinical Nutrition students’ level of satisfaction with TBL. Results: In the post-course exam results of recall and reasoning questions, Nursing students scored an average of 38%±2.4 in the recall questions while Clinical Nutrition students scored higher with an average of 74.5%±4.3 (p<0.0001). In reasoning questions, Nursing students scored lower than Clinical Nutrition students, 23%±2.7 versus 40%±4.2 respectively (p<0.001). In comparing results of pre- and post-test recall questions within each group, there was no significant difference between pre- and post-results for Nursing students while Clinical Nutrition students showed a significant increase in post- versus pre-test results of 71% versus 41% (p<0.0001). In the final summative post-course exam, Nursing students scored an average of 60% ±2.4 while Clinical Nutrition students scored significantly higher with an average of 78%±2.4 (p<0.001). Qualitative studies revealed that accountability and team-work were positive aspects perceived by students regarding TBL and 84% of surveyed students enjoyed the experience while self-study was their main challenge. Conclusion: TBL proved to be a successful, learner-centered approach for Clinical Nutrition students at KAU in their clinical biochemistry course resulting in improved learning outcomes and higher student satisfaction when compared with traditional didactic methods of teaching.
Uses of Quick Response Codes in Healthcare Education: A Scoping Review
Authors: Karia Chiraag Thakrar , Hughes Andrew , Carr Sue
Published: September 2019

Background To review published literature on the use of quick response (QR) codes within healthcare education. In addition, the authors aimed to gain information on user perceptions and the challenges faced when implementing QR codes in an educational context.Methods Medline, EMBASE, CINAHL, HMIC and HBE were searched using specified search terms that included ‘quick response code’ and ‘education’. Title and abstract review of 217 publications was performed. Papers which discussed the application of QR codes relevant to healthcare education were included. A total of 24 articles were reviewed and thematic analysis conducted to generate themes.Results Use of QR codes in healthcare education could be broadly aligned to four common themes These included: to increase participant engagement, for simulation training, for just-in-time learning and to facilitate with administrative tasks in training. Perceptions towards the use of QR codes was generally positive. Challenges identified included: problems with technical infrastructure, unavailability of smartphones and resistance to use in certain environments.Conclusions The use of QR codes for healthcare education is increasing and whilst they offer some advantages there are also some important considerations including: provision of the necessary technological infrastructure, patient and staff safety, and governance and adherence to guidelines on safe and appropriate use of this technology in sensitive settings.
Incidence, clinical implications and impact on public health of infections with Shigella spp. and entero-invasive Escherichia coli (EIEC): results of a multicenter cross-sectional study in the Netherlands during 2016-2017
Authors: Beld Maaike van den , Warmelink Esther , Friedrich Alexander W. , Reubsaet Frans A.G. , Schipper Maarten , de Boer Richard F. , Notermans Daan W. , Petrignani Mariska W. F. , Zanten Evert van , Rossen John W.A. , Friesema Ingrid H.M. , Kooistra A.M.D. (Mirjam)
Published: September 2019

Background Shigella spp. and entero-invasive E. coli (EIEC) use the same invasive mechanism to cause diarrheal diseases. Public health regulations apply only to Shigella spp. infections, but are hampered by the lack of simple methods to distinguish them from EIEC. In the last decades, molecular methods for detecting Shigella spp. and EIEC were implemented in medical microbiological laboratories (MMLs). However, shigellosis cases identified with molecular techniques alone are not notifiable in most countries. Our study investigates the impact of EIEC versus Shigella spp. infections and molecular diagnosed shigellosis versus culture confirmed shigellosis for re-examination of the rationale for the current public health regulations. Methods In this multicenter cross-sectional study, fecal samples of patients suspected for gastro-enteritis, referred to fifteen MMLs in the Netherlands, were screened by PCR for Shigella spp. or EIEC. Samples were also cultured to discriminate between the two pathogens. We compared, risk factors, symptoms, severity of disease, secondary infections and socio-economic consequences for (i) culture-confirmed Shigella spp. versus culture-confirmed EIEC cases (ii) culture positive versus PCR positive only shigellosis cases. Results In 2016-2017, 777 PCR positive fecal samples with patient data were included, 254 of these were culture-confirmed shigellosis cases and 32 were culture-confirmed EIEC cases. EIEC cases were more likely to report ingestion of contaminated food or water and were less likely to be men who have sex with men (MSM). Both pathogens were shown to cause serious disease although differences in specific symptoms were observed. Additionally, culture-negative but PCR positive cases were more likely report travel or ingestion of contaminated food or water and were less likely to be MSM than culture-positive cases. Culture-negative cases were more likely to suffer from multiple symptoms. No differences in degree of secondary infections were observed between both Shigella spp. and EIEC, and culture-negative and culture-positive cases.Conclusions No convincing evidence was found to support the current guidelines. Therefore, culture and molecular detection methods for Shigella spp. and EIEC should be considered equivalent for case definition and public health regulations regarding shigellosis. Differences were found regarding risks factors, indicating that different prevention strategies may be required.