bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE POSITION OF THE SURVIVING SPOUSE IN INHERITANCE OF RIGHTS ASSOCIATED WITH BEING A MEMBER OF A COMMERCIAL CORPORATION
Authors:   Postgraduate Student of the Kutafi n Moscow State Law University (MSAL), Assistant Notary of the Moscow city, Zaypulaeva Tamara M.
Published: June 2024

The article examines the theoretical and practical problems of the position of the surviving spouse in the succession of rights related to participation in a commercial corporation. The author analyses the content of the status of the surviving spouse, the peculiarities of the exercise of his rights in the event of the death of the participant (member) of a commercial corporation. The article analyzes the jurisprudence on the succession of corporate rights by the surviving spouse. The author concludes that it is necessary to use the tools of hereditary planning and emphasizes the high importance of family entrepreneurship in modern Russian law.
EXERCISING THE RIGHT TO WAIVE INHERITANCE BY ORPHANS AND ABANDONED CHILDREN
Authors:   Postgraduate Student of the Department of Civil Law and Procedure of the Institute of Law and National Security, Reznik Darya S.
Published: June 2024

This article examines the problems of searching for inherited property, debts and other obligations of the testator within a six-month period for exercising the right to refuse inheritance by a special group of the population — orphans and children left without parental care.
Development and Contemporary Understanding of Work-Based Learning
Authors: Koludrović Morana , Rajić Višnja
Published: June 2024

Serious criticism of didactic intellectualism in the past resulted in a range of pedagogical approaches to Work-based Learning as a response to this issue. A comparative overview of the development of work-based learning over time is presented in this article. Additionally, a temporal approach to work-based and workplace learning is explored. We see the change of WBL from being one part of individual pedagogical approaches to becoming part of policy recommendations. Finally, a discussion of the didactic features of contemporary Work-based Learning clearly positions it as a didactic model. The paper stresses the importance of WBL as a didactic model that is appropriate in all student-centred classrooms, regardless of the level of education.
Dve veliki dediščini Maksa Pleteršnika: Slovensko-nemški slovar in rokopisna zbirka zemljepisnih imen
Authors: Furlan Metka
Published: June 2024

V prispevku sta izpostavljena dva največja in najpomembnejša Pleteršnikova življenjska dosežka, ki sta in nedvomno še bosta krojila usodo naše kulturne in jezikovne zavesti. Medtem ko se je njegov Slovensko‑nemški slovar (1894–1895) že dobro zasidral v našo kulturno in jezikovno zavest, ostaja njegova obsežna rokopisna ostalina zemljepisnih imen, katere količina in bogastvo se poglobljeno odkrivata šele v tem stoletju, še precej neznana.
Pengaruh Pemakaian Media Sosial Facebook dan Instagram pada Perpustakaan UNISMA Terhadap Tersebarnya Informasi di Kalangan Pemustaka
Authors: Ghifary Annora Ghifary , Puspitadewi Ganis Chandra , Hariyanto Wahyu
Published: June 2024

Perkembangan teknologi informasi semakin meningkat seiring perkembangan globalisasi. Fenomena tersebut menuntut lembaga perpustakaan untuk dapat merespon dengan mengikuti dan menerapkan kemajuan teknologi. Memanfaatkan media sosial untuk menyampaikan informasi menjadi salah satu upaya yang dilakukan perpustakaan UNISMA. Perpustakaan UNISMA memiliki Facebook dan Intagram sebagai media untuk menyampaikan informasi. Namun, masih terdapat beberapa user yang tidak menerima informasi terkait dengan perpustakaan. Penelitian ini berupaya untuk mengetahui pengaruh penggunaan media sosial Facebook dan Instagram terhadap penyebaran informasi. Penelitian ini menggunakan kausalitas asosiatif kuantitatif dengan opulasi adalah user perpustakaan UNISMA sebanyak 15.797 orang dengan sampel 100 orang. Hasil uji hipotesis menunjuukan nilai signifikansi sebesar 0,001 dan lebih kecil dari 0,1. Nilai uji koefisien korelasi antara variabel x dan y adalah 0,587 yang berarti sedang/cukup kuat dan hasil uji kepastian adalah 0,345. Berdasarkan tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa penggunaan media sosial Facebook Instagram berdampak pada penyebaran informasi antar pengguna. Mengacu hasil uji koefisien determinasi dapat disimpulkan bahwa penggunaan media sosial Facebook dan Instagram memiliki pengaruh sebesar 34,5% terhadap penyebaran informasi antar user. Sisanya, sebesar 65,5% dipengaruhi oleh faktor lain diluar dari penelitian ini.
Formalization of transition from IDEF0-diagram to the GPSS-model of life cycle stages of railway automation and remote control systems
Authors: Belishkina Tat'yana , Konstantinova Tat'yana , Lykov Andrey , Markov Dmitriy , Mikado Elena , Sokolov Vadim
Published: June 2024

The purpose of the article is to present the results of formalizing the description and developing a formalized transition from a static functional IDEF0-model to a dynamic, simulation model of the life cycle of railway automation and remote control systems. The GPSS World tool is traditionally used for software implementation of simulation models. A concept for representing IDEF0-diagram formalisms using a mathematical queuing scheme is proposed. The main provisions of the concept are: an object-application, the type of which is determined by the type of objects, and the mechanism is determined by the servicing device. The properties of these applications and serving devices are recorded in the rows of the passport matrix; connections in accordance with the IDEF0-diagram are indicated by recording the indices of the block-function sequentially in the row of the given block-function. The possibility of realizing the block-function function is evaluated by a Boolean function. The arguments of this function are: control sign, required resources, state of service devices. The block-function function is checked by the Boolean function of monitoring the time of block-function occupation. To realize this concept the following GPSS World tools are defined: continuous and discrete functions, transactions, singlechannel devices, logical keys, MX$PASP01 matrix, user list, Boolean variables. A universal GPSS-model, tuned to a specific IDEF0-diagram at the source data level, is developed based on indirect addressing of the specified tools. At the same time, it allows not to change the program text. The developed GPSS-program formalizes the possibility and feasibility of the transition from the IDEF0-diagram to the GPSS-model of life cycle of railway automation systems.
Exploring Design Strategies for National Curriculum Guidelines to Develop Local Curriculum: A Case Study of Finland
Authors:   Korean Comparative Education Society, Park Yuna , So Kyunghee
Published: June 2024

[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to analyze the case of Finland’s 2014 National Core Curriculum in order to draw implications for the design of guidelines for the development of local curriculum within the national curriculum framework.
[Methods] The Finnish 2014 national curriculum Document(Basic Education), related materials from the Finnish National Board of Education, and the Helsinki curriculum Document(Basic Education) as an example of a local curriculum were analyzed in this study. This study examined the local participation in the national curriculum reform process, the characteristics of the guidelines for local curriculum presented in the national curriculum documents, and how these guidelines have guided local curriculum.
[Results] This study revealed the following. First, the revision of the Finnish national curriculum sought to ensure local participation in the process, both internally and externally. Second, the Finnish 2014 national curriculum foregrounded the significance of local curriculum, with each chapter of the document detailing issues to be decided locally. Third, in the case of the Helsinki curriculum, the guidelines for local curriculum set out in the Finnish 2014 national curriculum functioned to help local actors articulate local perspectives to complement the content of the national curriculum.
[Conclusion] Based on the results, the study discussed the need to strengthen the procedural participation of the local actors in the next national curriculum revision process, the need to include specific detailed statements in the national curriculum to support the development of the local curriculum, and the need to rethink the way local curriculum documents are organized.
A Comparative Study on Undergraduate Education Reform: Cases of University of Hong Kong, National University of Singapore, and University of Melbourne
Authors:   Korean Comparative Education Society, Lim Heejin , Park Sunna , Kim Su Jin
Published: June 2024

[Purpose] The purpose of this study is to explore the modification of the university model in three post-colonial institutions—the University of Hong Kong, the National University of Singapore, and the University of Melbourne—which share the legacy of the British undergraduate education model that emphasizes specialization in specific majors. This study aims to analyze the background and content of the recent undergraduate education reforms undertaken by these universities and to investigate the similarities and differences in their processes of transformation.
[Methods] This study applied a multi-case analysis and compared commonalities and differences between case universities by analyzing various literature data (prior studies, research reports, media articles, university websites, and official documents.
[Results] Common drivers for undergraduate education reform include global higher education norms that emphasize competence-based education to enhance graduate employability and bolster internationalization strategies. Consequently, all case universities reinforced the general education component and increased flexibility in curriculum structure, moving away from the British legacy of specialization in specific disciplines. However, the specific drivers and content of the reforms varied depending on the institutional context, resulting in each case university developing distinct formats of undergraduate education models.
[Conclusion] The results of this study revealed that, although the case universities incorporated various components from the US education model, these borrowing practices did not necessarily result in homogeneity among the three institutions. Furthermore, the study identified a hybridity in the university education models of some case universities, which selectively integrated educational models from various regions during the process of undergraduate education reform. Based on these findings, theoretical and policy implications were presented.
BREAKING SILENCE, SHAPING HISTORY: UNVEILING MARGINALIZED FEMALE WAR-CRIME SURVIVORS’ VOICES
Authors:   Department of English & Other European Languages, Dr. Harisingh Gour Central University, Sagar, Madhya Pradesh, India, Bhattacharjee Bhaswati
Published: June 2024

This paper is the synopsis of an ongoing qualitative research project on an intersectional and biopolitical analysis of selected war memoirs written by marginalized female war crime survivors. The primary object of this research is to explore the layers of subjectivity as expressed through the memoirs by women who, in different corners of the world, were subjected to different forms of war crimes during the late twentieth and the twenty-first century. The research paper aims to find whether these life-writings should be recognized only as chronicles of their silent sufferings or as bold proclamations of their resistance against the biopolitical oppressions they were exposed to. In order to do so, a theoretical framework comprising intersectionality and biopolitics will be used according to which the selected memoirs will be critically analyzed. The proposed research will follow a research methodology that is descriptive, correlational, analytical, and exploratory in approach. The primary findings reveal the historical trajectory of women's autobiographical writings related to war and conflicts, identifying the scarcity of such narratives that underscores the challenges faced by survivors in documenting their experiences. The expected outcome is to offer a counter-narrative to official war stories, demonstrating the efficacy of testimonial life-writings from marginalized individuals as human rights activism tools, with potential implications for policy-making, advocacy against sexual violence in conflict zones, and contributing evidence for prevention, justice, and support initiatives, while also highlighting ethical challenges and paving the way for further studies on the intersectional and biopolitical dimensions of sexual violence.
Wiederaufbau der Warschauer Altstadt nach dem zweiten Weltkrieg : im Spannungsfeld zwischen denkmalpflegerischen Prinzipien, politischer Indienstnahme und gesellschaftlichen Erwartungen
Authors: Herber Grazyna Ewa
Published: June 2024

Der Wiederaufbau des von den Nationalsozialisten völlig zerstörten Warschau liegt inzwischen über 60 Jahre zurück. Warschau ist wie Phönix aus der Asche auferstanden und gibt Zeugnis über eine sehr schwierige politische Epoche. Der Wiederaufbau ist unter der Herrschaft kommunistischer Machthaber erfolgt: Die wieder aufgebaute Altstadt ist daher einerseits als sozialistische Arbeitersiedlung angelegt, andererseits ist ein historischer Aufbau vorgenommen worden. Der Wiederaufbau von Warschau wird im Hinblick auf die erfolgte Abweichung von der Theorie der Denkmalpflege in der Wissenschaft stark kritisiert; es wird daher dem Wiederaufbau im Ergebnis jede denkmalpflegerische Qualität abgesprochen. Die für die Warschauer Altstadt verwendeten Label wie „Phönix aus der Asche“, „denkmalpflegerische Fälschung“, „Attrapolis“, „verwirklichte Vision“, „der große Bluff“, „gebaute Geschichtsfiktion“ und auch andere negative Wertungen verstärken die Neugier, dieses Projekt vertieft zu erforschen und gerade auch auf seine denkmalpflegerische Qualität zu überprüfen. Die vorliegende Dissertation setzt sich insbesondere mit dieser Kritik auseinander und kommt zu dem Ergebnis, dass der Wiederaufbau von Warschau im Spannungsfeld von denkmalpflegerischen Prinzipien, politischer Indienstnahme und gesellschaftlichen Erwartungen stattgefunden hat. Es wird die großartige Arbeit der beteiligten Denkmalpfleger gewürdigt und heraus gearbeitet, dass Polen seinen ganz eigenen Weg gefunden hat, der unter den seinerzeit schwierigen politischen Rahmenbedingungen kaum anders gegangen werden konnte. The reconstruction of Warsaw – Warsaw had been devastated by the Nazis during World War II – is now 60 years back. Warsaw was like a phoenix rising from the ashes and underwent a very difficult political era. The reconstruction of Warsaw took place under the reign of Communist dictators: The old town was rebuilt therefore on the one hand as a socialist settlement, on the other hand a historic reconstruction was made. The reconstruction of Warsaw is in science strongly criticized in terms of deviation from the theory of historic preservation and therefore the reconstruction is denied any historic quality. The labels used for the old town are „phoenix from the ashes“,„historic preservation forgery”, „Attrapolis”, „realized vision”, „the big bluff”, „built historical fiction” and other negative ratings. This reinforces the curiosity to explore this project and to check its historic preservation quality. This doctorate thesis explores in particular this criticism and comes to the conclusion that the reconstruction of Warsaw took place in a tension between historic preservation principles, political enslavement and social expectations. The great work of the Polish preservationists is appreciated; the doctorate thesis works out that Poland found its own way, which could hardly be otherwise under the described difficult political conditions.
The Efficacy of Mediterranean Diet for Erectile Dysfunction in Diabetes Mellitus Patients: A Narrative Review
Authors: Atmaja Maxwell , Purnama Michael , Kevin Kevin , Aslama Fathiy Zakaria , Rizkiliano Ibrahim Hanif , Sudana Nathan Kunta , I’tishom Reny
Published: June 2024

Background : Male infertility affects millions globally, with 12-15% of Indonesian couples facing conception challenges, 50% of which are attributed to male factors. Despite extensive research, 70% of male infertility cases remain idiopathic. Diabetes, a prominent factor in male infertility, affects 9.3% of the global population, with projections estimating 700 million cases by 2045. Recent studies suggest the Mediterranean diet positively impacts semen parameters, particularly in diabetic individuals. This review aims to explore the Mediterranean diet's effects on fertility in male diabetic patients. 
Reviews : The literature review employed three databases, focusing on in-vitro, in-vivo, pre-clinical, and clinical studies from 2014-2024. Diabetes, a chronic disease characterized by abnormal blood sugar levels, affects insulin production or effectiveness, leading to complications if left uncontrolled. Erectile dysfunction (ED), prevalent in diabetic men, is attributed to nerve and blood vessel damage from high blood sugar levels. Treatments for ED include PDE5 inhibitors, but alternative plant-based therapies are being explored. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) has shown promise in animal studies but lacks human trial data. The Mediterranean diet, rich in plant-based foods and healthy fats, may help prevent sexual function deterioration in diabetic individuals. Comprehensive nutrition education and government efforts are crucial in promoting healthy lifestyles and ensuring access to fresh foods.
Summary : In conclusion, the Mediterranean diet shows promise as a dietary intervention for improving male fertility in diabetic populations. Further research is warranted to confirm these findings and to explore the mechanisms underlying the effects of the Mediterranean diet on male fertility.
Great Power Politics and United States’ Withdrawal from Afghanistan
Authors: Wardoyo Broto
Published: June 2024

On October 7, 2002, the United States (US) started their military operation in Afghanistan to seek Osama bin Laden, the leader of Al Qaeda (AQ) who was responsible for the September 11, 2001, terror attacks commonly referred to as the 9/11 attacks. US military operations in Afghanistan, however, remained active after Osama bin Laden was killed. In February 2020, the US signed an agreement with the Taliban, who provided sanctuary for Osama bin Laden and AQ, which practically ended their military operation in Afghanistan. This article seeks to explain why the US decided to sign an agreement with the Taliban even though both AQ and the Taliban are still in operation. This article argues that the US decision to sign the agreement and withdraw from Afghanistan is due to the need to reallocate resources as part of their retrenchment policy.
Keywords: Great Power Politics, Retrenchment, Withdrawal, the United States, Afghanistan, Al Qaeda, Taliban
Pada tanggal 7 Oktober 2001, Amerika Serikat (AS) memulai operasi militer di Afghanistan untuk mencari Osama bin Laden, pemimpin Al Qaeda (AQ) yang menjadi otak (mastermind) serangan teror 11 September 2001 atau dikenal sebagai serangan 9/11. Meski demikian, operasi militer AS di Afghanistan tidak berhenti setelah Osama bin Laden terbunuh. Operasi militer AS di Afghanistan terus dipertahankan hingga mereka memutuskan mundur dari negara tersebut setelah penandatanganan kesepakatan damai dengan Taliban di Doha pada bulan Februari 2020. Tulisan ini mempertanyakan mengapa AS mundur dari Afghanistan meski tujuan yang ingin mereka sasar di negara tersebut belum tercapai. AQ maupun Taliban, kelompok yang memberikan perlindungan bagi AQ, masih tetap ada dan beroperasi. Tulisan ini berargumen bahwa keputusan AS tersebut terkait dengan adanya kebutuhan untuk mengalihkan alokasi sumber daya sebagai bagian dari kebijakan retrenchment.
Kata-kata Kunci: Pertarungan Negara Besar, Retrenchment, Penarikan Mundur, Amerika Serikat, Afghanistan, Al Qaeda, Taliban
Fostering International Relations: The Role of Index Citra Indonesia in Advancing Indonesian Diplomacy Abroad
Authors: Paksi Arie Kusuma , Renta Pebria Prakarsa , Alvionita Anisa Rahma
Published: June 2024

This research analyzes the role of the Index Citra Indonesia in enhancing the public diplomacy of Indonesian representative offices abroad. The focus of this study is to assess how the digital survey application, developed by the government since 2017, has been utilized to expand Indonesia’s image and diplomatic reach globally. The function of the Index Citra Indonesia is to evaluate the performance of representatives through systematic data collection from respondents, covering aspects such as opinions, perceptions, and attitudes towards Indonesia. The research findings indicate the effectiveness of the Index survey in providing information related to respondent insights, which can be acted upon with the creation of long-term diplomatic strategies and programs. These programs are essential in strengthening Indonesia’s public diplomacy framework to meet the needs of the international public. This study contributes to the discourse on digital diplomacy by highlighting the role of digital technology development and its impact on contemporary diplomatic practices.
Keywords: Index Citra Indonesia, Public Diplomacy, Indonesian Representatives Abroad International Perceptions, Performance Improvement
Penelitian ini menganalisa peran dari Indeks Citra Indonesia dalam meningkatkan diplomasi publik kantor perwakilan Indonesia di luar negeri. Fokus dari studi ini adalah untuk menilai bagaimana aplikasi survei digital, yang dibuat oleh Pemerintah sejak tahun 2017, telah dimanfaatkan untuk memperluas citra dan jangkauan diplomasi Indonesia secara global. Fungsi Indeks Citra Indonesia adalah mengevaluasi kinerja perwakilan melalui pengumpulan data sistematis dari responden, yang mencakup aspek seperti opini, persepsi, dan sikap terhadap Indonesia. Temuan penelitian menunjukkan keefektifan survei Indeks dalam memberikan informasi terkait wawasan responden, yang dapat ditindaklanjuti dengan pembuatan strategi dan program diplomasi jangka panjang. Program-program tersebut sangat penting dalam memperkuat kerangka diplomasi publik Indonesia agar sesuai dengan kebutuhan publik internasional. Penelitian ini berkontribusi pada diskursus diplomasi digital dengan menyoroti tentang peran perkembangan teknologi digital dan dampaknya bagi praktik diplomasi kontemporer.
Kata-kata Kunci: Index Citra Indonesia, Diplomasi Publik, Perwakilan Indonesia di Luar Negeri, Persepsi Internasional, Peningkatan Kinerja
AUKUS: The Rise of Chinese Might and the US’ Response
Authors: Sari Yesi Riana Yusnita , Oktavian Riskey
Published: June 2024

The US-China rivalry has intensified in recent years, first with the Trade War under the Trump Administration and then AUKUS created under the Biden Administration. This article analyses the power rivalry in relation to AUKUS and its impact on countries within the Indo-Pacific. This article will analyse this power rivalry by using the concepts of the foreign policy of containment and the concept of security alliance. The research uses a qualitative descriptive method with primary and secondary sources, which is validated by triangulation of sources. The research questions led to the finding that the US-China power rivalry, as well as the creation of AUKUS, have created tension in the Indo-Pacific, where countries are, blatantly or softly, forced to choose a side. Such a situation also impacts how a country conducts its domestic and foreign policy, so as to not provoke one side over the other.
Keywords: US-China Rivalry, AUKUS, Indo-Pacific, Regional Security
Persaingan antara Amerika Serikat dan Tiongkok semakin menguat beberapa tahun belakangan ini. Persaingan yang sangat jelas terlihat adalah Perang Dagang yang terjadi di bawah kepemimpinan Presiden Trump lalu kemudian pembentukan AUKUS di bawah kepemimpinan Biden. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan persaingan antara kedua negara terkait AUKUS, serta dampaknya terhadap negara-negara di kawasan Indo-Pasifik. Permasalahan tersebut dianalisis menggunakan konsep kebijakan luar negeri pembendungan dan konsep aliansi keamanan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian kualitatif deskriptif dengan sumber data primer dan sekunder berbasis teknik validasi triangulasi sumber. Hasil penelitian menemukan bahwa rivalitas Cina-US AUKUS membentuk ketegangan di Indo-Pasifik, di mana negara-negara di kawasan tersebut terpaksa harus memihak, baik dengan cara terang-terangan maupun secara halus. Keadaan ini menuntut negara-negara di Indo-Pasifik untuk dapat membuat kebijakan dalam negeri dan kebijakan luar negeri yang tidak memprovokasi salah satu negara tersebut.
Kata-kata Kunci: Persaingan US-Tiongkok, AUKUS, Indo-Pasifik, Keamanan Regional
Perception, Self Efficacy, Students’ Career Interest In Taxation: Family Environment As A Moderating
Authors: Suyanto Suyanto , Desinta Azizah Pramesti  , Fuadhillah Kirana Putri
Published: June 2024

The increase in the number of taxpayers followed by a decrease in the number of tax officials in Indonesia is of concern to researchers to test the career interest of accounting students in choosing a career in taxation. Interest is a psychological factor that is formed and developed by influences from within a person (instrinsic) and influences from outside (extrinsic). Instrinsic factors include perception and self-efficacy. While extrinsic factors are in the form of a family environment. Initially, interest centers on the individual, then centers on other people and other objects in the environment. The purpose of this study was to examine the perception, self efficacy, accounting students' interest in a career in taxation: family environment as a moderating variable. This research is quantitative research. The data used is primary data and is obtained by distributing questionnaires online via google form. The population in this study were accounting study program students in 2020, 2021, and 2022 in Indonesia. Sampling using purposive sampling technique with a total of 181 samples. The data analysis method used is mu ltiple linear regression which is processed using IMB SPSS version 25. The results indicate that perception and self efficacy have a significant positive effect on accounting students' interest in a career in taxation. The family environment cannot strengthen the relationship between perception and accounting students' interest in a career in taxation. The family environment weakens self efficacy on accounting students' interest in a career in taxation .
Diskursus Pengujian Peraturan Kebijakan (Beleidsregel) oleh Peradilan Tata Usaha Negara
Authors: Muhshi Adam , Yunita Fenny Tria
Published: June 2024

The policy rule, or beleidsregel, is a legal instrument derived from a discretionary legal authority known as freies Ermessen. Unlike legislation and decisions, which are grounded in formal legal principles, policy regulation is based on the principle of discretion. However, in the evolution of administrative law in Indonesia, the use of discretionary power has become more formalized, blurring the lines between policy rules based on discretion and statutory regulations. Despite this, the review and testing of policy regulations continue to rely on general principles of good governance. This reliance makes it challenging for judicial institutions to review or annul policy regulations if they infringe upon citizens’ rights. This paper employs a juridical-normative method, incorporating conceptual-theoretical, statutory, and comparative approaches, to evaluate and propose how the state can safeguard citizens’ rights violated by policy rules. It also examines whether the judiciary should have the authority to review policy rules. The study concludes that an appropriate mechanism should be established between the reviewing body and the standards for evaluating policy rules. Furthermore, the judiciary should have the discretion to determine the standards for policy regulations, whether by applying general principles of good governance or by also considering laws and regulations that a policy regulation might violate.
Climate Litigation in Indonesia: Lessons from the Royal Dutch Shell Case
Authors: Prihandono Iman
Published: June 2024

This article compares the concept of unlawful act in the Indonesian and Dutch Civil Codes, with specific attention to the notorious decision of the Milieudefensie et al v. Royal Dutch Shell Case. Therein, the Dutch Court applied unwritten law under Article 6:612 of the Dutch Civil Code, calling for reduction in carbon emissions through policy changes by the Shell group. The use of unwritten law allowed for a comprehensive assessment of legal bases, including international soft law instruments, such as the United Nations Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights. Inspired by such a decision, this article aims to unveil the readiness of Article 1365 of the Indonesian Civil Code in entertaining a similar case. It compares the approach taken in the Milieudefensie et al. v. Royal Dutch Shell Case with pertinent decisions by the Indonesian court concerning the implementation of Article 1365 of the Indonesian Civil Code. Furthermore, it focuses on two prongs of civil liability that are necessary for establishment: 1) unwritten law; and 2) causality. By doing so, this article aims to contribute to the evolving realm of climate litigation, specifically within the framework of civil law.
UÇURUMA BAKMAK: ÇAĞDAŞ SANATTA MİZANABİM UYGULAMALARI
Authors: Aydın Aysun , Uçar Metin
Published: June 2024

Fransızca bir terim olan ve adını arma bilimi olan Heraldik’ten alan mizanabim (mise en
abyme) tam olarak ‘uçuruma yerleştirmek’ anlamına gelir. İlk olarak André Gide’in Günlük
adlı eserinde kavramsallaştırdığı mizanabim terimi görsel metaforlardan yararlanarak
başta edebiyat olmak üzere çeşitli sanat dallarında uygulanan biçimsel bir yöntemdir. Modern
ve modern öncesi dönemde görüntülerin iç içe yerleştirilmesine dayalı bir uygulama
biçimi olarak bilinen yöntemin örnekleri modernite sonrası çağdaş sanat uygulamalarında
da görülmeye başlanmıştır. Bu çalışma, hakkında fazla bilgi olmayan ve çok tanınmayan
mizanabim yönteminin çağdaş sanat uygulamalarından seçilen örnekler üzerinden irdelenmesini
ve analizini amaçlamaktadır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda konu ile ilgili olarak literatür
tarama yoluyla elde edilen veriler doğrultusunda bazı sanat eserleri tespit edilmiştir.
Tespit edilen eserler doküman analizi yöntemi ile incelenmiş ve konu ile ilgili bilgiler ise
bazı sanatçılarla görüşme sonucu elde edilmiştir. Eser örnekleri incelenirken Dällenbach’ın
mizanabim tipolojisinden yararlanılarak eserler analiz edilmiştir. Yapılan analiz ve değerlendirme
sonucunda mizanabimin çağdaş sanat uygulamaları içerisinde kullanılan bir
yöntem olduğu ortaya konulmaya çalışılmıştır.
WILLIAM DE MORGAN’IN SANAT HAYATI VE İZNİK ÇİNİLERİNDEKİ ÜSLUPLARIN SANATÇININ ÇALIŞMALARINA YANSIMASI
Authors: Güzel Selda , Diri Apaydın Tuğba
Published: June 2024

Avrupa’da 19. yüzyılda yaşanan Sanayi Devrimi sonrasında fabrikalar kurularak seri üretime
geçilmiş, standartlaşmanın sonucu olarak aynı tip kimliksiz eserler üretilmiştir. Ruhsuz,
tekdüze nesneler, üretici, zanaatkar ve sanatçıların fabrikasyon üretime karşı düşünceler
geliştirmesine ve estetik kaygıların ön plana konulduğu özgün eserlerin tasarlanmasına
sebep olmuştur. Bu dönemde sanatçılar ve üreticiler yeni tasarım arayışlarına girmiş, müze
ve özel koleksiyonlarda beğeni ile yer verilen İznik çinilerinin motif ve kompozisyonlarını
çalışmalarında kullanmıştır. Sanayileşme karşıtı olan “Sanatlar ve El Sanatları Akımının”
doğması ile birlikte İngiltere’de pek çok sanatçı bu eğilimde eserler üretmiştir. Akımı destekleyen
önemli isimlerin başında ise William De Morgan gelmektedir.
Makalede, William De Morgan’ın sanat hayatı, doğu kültürüne ait çini ve seramikler ile tanışması,
İznik çinilerinden etkilenerek ürettiği eserler üzerinde durulmuştur. Araştırmada
sanatçının Baba Nakkaş, Şah Kulu, Kara Memi üsluplarının özelliklerini gösteren eserleri
incelenerek; motif, renk ve kompozisyon açısından değerlendirme yapılmıştır. Amaç 16.
yüzyıl İznik çini üsluplarının 19. yüzyılda sanatçının çalışmalarına yansımasını ortaya
koymaktır. Bu sonuca ulaşmak için, sanatçının İngiltere’de bulunan müze ve koleksiyon
arşivlerindeki eserleri taranmıştır. William De Morgan’ın seçilen eserleri ile Osmanlı yapılarındaki
İznik çinilerinin karşılaştırması yapılarak etkileşim, benzerlik ve farklılıklar
ortaya konulmuştur.
MÜZİK İLE İBADET İLİŞKİSİ: MİSSA ÖRNEĞİ
Authors: Eyüboğlu Yiğit Can
Published: June 2024

Betimsel bir yaklaşımla, nitel bir çalışma olarak tasarlanmış olan bu araştırmada “Hristiyan
geleneği içinde koro müziği türlerinden biri olan missanın ibadet ile ilişkisi ve yapısı
nasıldır?” sorusuna yanıt aranmıştır. Kilisede ibadet incelenirken Katolik ayin kitabı kullanılmış
ve olasılığa dayalı olmayan örneklem yöntemlerinden olan tipik durum örneklem
yöntemi ile 7 missa belirlenmiş ve incelenmiştir. Veriler toplanırken literatür taraması
yapılmıştır. Veriler analiz edilirken betimleme, açıklama ve ilişkilendirme gibi tekniklerden
faydalanarak doküman analizi yapılmıştır. Missanın yapısını daha iyi anlayabilmek
için seçilmiş olan ses kayıtları kullanılarak bölümlerin süreleri belirlenmiş, hesaplanmış
ve yorumlanmıştır. Yorumlama yapılırken Kutsal Ayin ve missaların bölümleri birbiriyle
ilişkilendirilmiş ve açıklanmıştır. Bulgular ışığında başlıca şu sonuçlara ulaşılmıştır: Kutsal
Ayindeki Kýrie, Glória, Credo, Sanctus-Benedíctus ve Agnus Dei bölümleri missanın
bölümlerini oluşturmaktadır. Missanın, Kutsal Ayinin müzikli yapılan kısımlarının büyük
bir kısmından oluştuğu görülmüştür. Orta Çağ ve Rönesansta sadece koro ile seslendirilen
missaya Barok Dönem ile birlikte orkestra ve solistler de dahil edilmiştir. Kullanılan metnin
%27,72’si Glória, %53,80’i Credo bölümüne ayrılmıştır. Yapılan hesaplamada altın
oran; 7 eserin 5’inde Credo’ya, 2 tanesinde Glória’ya denk gelmektedir. Bu bölümler zamansal
ağırlığı en fazla olan bölümlerdir. Bunun sebebi; bu bölümlerdeki sözcüklerin diğer
bölümlere göre daha fazla olmasından bağımsız olarak metnin inanç ve övgü temalarını
içeriyor olmasıyla ilgili olabilir.
RAY CAESAR’IN ESERLERİNE FREUDYEN PSİKANALİTİK BİR BAKIŞ
Authors: Emen Beyza Tutku , Şenel Elif
Published: June 2024

Pek çok sanatçı bir konuyu, mesajı, duygu ve düşüncelerini sanat aracılığıyla izleyiciye iletmek
için geçmiş deneyimlerinden ve bilinçaltından yararlanmaktadır. Sanatçının üretim
sürecinde bilinç ile birlikte bilinçdışının varlığı, Sigmund Freud’un psikanalitik kuramıyla
yakından ilişkili görülmektedir. Ruhsal rahatsızlıklarda uygulanan bir sağaltım yöntemi
olan psikanalizde, sanatçının da sanat eseri yoluyla bilinçaltını açığa çıkararak katarsis
sağladığı düşünülmektedir. Sanat eserlerinin, sanatçının kişiliği, duygu ve düşünceleriyle
birlikte yorumlanabileceğini öne çıkaran Freudyen bakış açısı, sanatçı merkezli yaklaşım
biçimi olan anlatımcı kuramın gelişimini de etkilemiştir. Bu bağlamda sanat, psikanaliz, bilinçaltı,
yaratıcılık gibi kavramlar arasında örüntüler oluşmuştur. Çocukluğunda yaşadığı
travmalara bağlı olarak çoğul kişilik bozukluğu yaşayan ve bilinçaltında gizlediği kişiliğini
sanatına yansıtan pop sürrealist sanatçı Ray Caesar’ın eserlerinin, Freud’un çocuk cinselliği
adı altında değindiği bazı konularla ilişkili olduğu ve bunların göstergeleri olan kavramlara
dair semboller içerdiği görülmektedir. Dolayısıyla eserlerin analizi psikanalitik bir bakış
açısı gerektirmektedir. Freud’un psikanaliz merkezli psikoseksüel gelişim kuramındaki dönemlerde
görülen parmak emme gibi bazı cinsel çocuk davranışları ve kişilik bozukluğuna
bağlı farklı bir kimliğe bürünme durumu Caesar’ın eserlerinde görülen imgeler arasında
yer almıştır. Bu imgeler ve bunlara yüklenen anlam ve kavramlar araştırmanın savını oluştururken,
sanatçının bilinçaltını görselleştirdiği bu türden eserlerine Freudyen bir perspektiften
bakıldığında, bu bilinçaltı yansımasının izleyicideki katarsis sürecine yardımcı olma
anlamında birtakım yüceltme eylemleri ile biçimlenmiş olduğuna dikkat çekilmiştir.
“PANZEHİR” FİLMİNİN TZVETAN TODOROV’UN DENGE MODELİ VE PETER WOLLEN’İN HOLLYWOOD ANLATISI BAĞLAMINDA ÇÖZÜMLENMESİ
Authors: Yeşilyurt Aydın
Published: June 2024

Klasik anlatı ve çağdaş anlatı sinemasının arasındaki farklar nelerdir? Tzvetan Todorov’un
denge modeli ve Peter Wollen’in hollywood anlatı yapısı klasik anlatı sinemasına
ait bir filmin çözümlemesinde nasıl kullanılmaktadır? Ve nasıl analiz edilmektedir? Gibi
sorunsallardan hareket eden bu çalışmada Hollywood’dan itibaren süre gelen klasik anlatı
sinemasının örneğini temsil eden Türk yapımı Panzehir filminin analizi yapılmıştır.
Türk sinemasına ait filmin Tzvetan Todorov’un beş aşamalı anlatı dizilimi modeli (denge
modeli) üzerinden öykü analizi, Peter Wollen’ın geleneksel anlatı şeması üzerinden ise öykünün
teknik analizi yapılmıştır. Anlatının insan yaşamında nerede konumlandığı değerlendirilmiş
beraberinde Hollywood’a kadar uzanışı ele alınmıştır. Bu makale klasik anlatı
sinemasını temsil eden bir filmin analizinin nasıl yapılacağının örneğini oluşturma gayreti
içerisinde yapılmıştır. Modern anlatı ve klasik anlatı sinemasının ne olduğu ve içerik bakımından
ne tür farklılıklara sahip olduğu karşılaştırmalı bir şekilde açıklanmaya çalışılmıştır.
Buna göre her iki anlatı türü; hikâye, zaman, kurgu, geçiş, müzik, ışık, mekân,
karakter, kostüm vb. kullanımlarında birbirinden farklılık göstermektedir. Analizi yapılan
film klasik anlatı türüne özgü unsurları bünyesinde barındırmaktadır. Analiz yönteminde
kullanılan kuramlar tutarlılık göstermiştir.
TÜRK BİLİM KURGU KAPAK TASARIMLARININ YEREL ÜSLUP ARAYIŞI BAĞLAMINDA İNCELENMESİ: TBD ANTOLOJİLERİ ÖRNEĞİ
Authors: Çeken Birsen , Hünel Özgür
Published: June 2024

Bilim kurgu türü, 19. yy.’dan itibaren Türk edebiyatında da görülür. Bilim kurgu, Türk
edebiyatı içerisinde geliştikçe, bir yerli üslup problemi de ortaya çıkmıştır. Zaman içerisinde
bu soruna dikkat çekilmeye ve çözüm çabaları gösterilmeye başlanmıştır. Bunlara
karşın, Türk bilim kurgu edebiyatında yerel üslup problemini gidermeye yönelik çalışmalar
genellikle metin düzeyinde kalmıştır. Oysa bir kitap içerik ve kapaktan oluşur. Kapak tasarımları,
okurun kitap ile ilk görsel iletişimini teşkil etmekte olup, grafik tasarımın önemli
branşlarından birisidir. Dolayısıyla içerik için güdülen kaygıların kapak tasarımına da
yansıması gereklidir. Bu açıdan bakıldığında, Türk bilim kurgu kapak tasarımlarının yerli
üslup arayışı bağlamında incelenmesi, bu yöndeki çabaların kitap kapak tasarımlarına
yansıyıp yansımadığı, yansıyorsa bunun ne şekilde olduğu, araştırılmaya değer bir konudur.
Araştırmada incelenecek kitap kapakları için, Türkiye’deki en prestijli bilim kurgu
öykü yarışması olması, yerel üsluba verdiği önem ve teşvik, geniş bir okur ve yazar kitlesine
hitap ediyor olması ve geniş bir dönemi kapsayan düzenli yayın aralıklı kitaplar yayınlıyor
olması sebebiyle Türkiye Bilişim Derneği’nin antolojileri seçilmiştir. İnceleme için Göstergebilimsel
çözümleme yöntemi kullanılmış ve kitap kapaklarının hepsi bu yöntemle tek tek
incelenmiştir. Tüm çözümlemelerden elde edilen bulgular, kitap tasarımında değerlendirme
kriterleri eşliğinde sonuç bölümünde yorumlanıp tartışılmış, mevcut durum analizinin
yanı sıra bulgular ışığında geleceğe dair önerilerde de bulunulmuştur.
Quantum Cosmology: The Integration of Special Relativity and Quantum Mechanics - Part I
Authors: Kahan Dennis
Published: June 2024

The inability to delineate a unified physical ontology that accounts simultaneously for the laws of special relativity and the results of quantum experiments has been a defining problem in physics for more than 100 years. This analysis addresses the problem by positing an ontic, mixed ontology composed of a “discrete” 4D spacetime and a physical, ultra-high dimensional (3 x N) “Planck Space.” Together, Planck Space and the three spatial dimensions of 4D spacetime form a tightly integrated ((3 x N) + 3) hyperspace (the “Dual Ontology”). Critically, the Dual Ontology’s structure replaces 1) the continuous, differentiable manifold of 4D spacetime with a discrete 4D spacetime and 2) mathematical 3N configuration spaces with a physical (3 x N) Planck Space. Moreover, the Dual Ontology is structurally and dynamically predicated on the one-to-one mapping and identity between the discrete spatial units that simultaneously form 4D spacetime and Planck Space. The one-to-one mapping and identity of the discrete spatial units support an integrated quantum dynamics based upon the dynamic evolution of single and N-body quantum states in 4D spacetime in full compliance with the laws of special relativity and the instantaneous collapse of all quantum states in an ontic Planck Space, where special and general relativity and more generally, 4D spacetime’s laws of physics, do not apply.
Short-term Comparison of Switch to Brolucizumab or Faricimab in Eyes with Aflibercept-Resistant Neovascular AMD
Authors: Kin Akiko , Mizukami Takahiro , Ueno Satoru , Mishima Soichiro , Shimomura Yoshikazu
Published: June 2024

Backgorund and Objectives: In this study, we aimed to evaluate and compare the changes in visual and structural outcomes in patients with intravitreal aflibercept (IVA)-resistant neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) switched to either intravitreal brolucizumab (IVBr) or intravitreal faricimab (IVF) injections in a clinical setting. Materials and Methods: This obser-vational clinical study included 20 eyes of 20 patients switched to brolucizumab and 15 eyes of 14 patients switched to faricimab for aflibercept-resistant nAMD. We measured the structural outcome (central macular thickness (CMT)) and the visual outcome (best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA); logMAR) as follows: just before the most recent IVA injection (B0), one month after the most recent IVA injection (B1), just before the first IVBr or IVF injection (A0), one month after (A1) and three months after (A3) the first IVBr or IVF injection. Results: BCVA showed significant im-provement at A1 (0.25 ± 0.34) and at A3 (0.19 ± 0.24) compared to A0 (0.38 ± 0.35) in IVBr group (p = 0.0156, p = 0.0166, respectively). CMT (μm) was significantly thinner at A1 (IVBr; 240.55 ± 51.82, IVF; 234.91 ± 47.29) and at A3 (IVBr; 243.21 ± 76.15, IVF; 250.50 ± 72.61) compared to at A0 (IVBr; 303.55 ± 79.18, IVF; 270.33 ± 77.62) in IVBr group (A1; p = 0.0093, A3; p = 0.0026) and in IVF group (A1; p = 0.0161, A3; p = 0.0093). There was no significant difference in BCVA and CMT improvement observed between two groups at any time point (p > 0.05 for all). Conclusion: Switching from aflibercept to either brolucizumab or faricimab has a significant anatomical ef-fect on eyes with aflibercept-resistant nAMD and both treatments appear to be effective short-term treatment options. There is a trend towards greater visual improvements and reductions in CMT with brolucizumab.
Evaluation of the Use of Cell Lines in Studies of Selenium-Dependent Glutathione Peroxidase 2 (GPX2) Involvement in Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Esworthy R. Steven
Published: June 2024

Hydroperoxides (ROOH) are known as damaging agents capable of mediating mutation, while a role as signaling agents through oxidation of protein sulfhydryls that can alter cancer-related pathways has gained traction. Glutathione peroxidase 2 (GPX2) is an antioxidant enzyme that reduces ROOH at the expense of glutathione (GSH). GPX2 is noted for a tendency of large in-creases or decreases in expression levels during tumorigenesis that leads to investigators focusing on its role in cancer. However, GPX2 is only one component of multiple enzyme families that metabolize ROOH and GPX2 levels are often very low in the context of these other ROOH reducing activities. Colorectal cancer (CRC) was selected as a case study for examining GPX2 function as colorectal tissues and cancers are sites where GPX2 is highly expressed. A case can be made for a significant impact of changes in expression levels. There is also a link between GPX2 and NADPH oxidase 1 (NOX1) from earlier studies that is seldom addressed and is discussed, presenting data on a unique association in colon and CRC. Tumor-derived cell lines are quite commonly used for pre-clinical studies involving the role of GPX2 in CRC. Generally, selection for this type of work is limited to identifying cell lines based on high and low GPX2 expression with the standard re-search scheme of overexpression in low expressing lines and suppression in high expressing lines to identify impacted pathways. This overlooks CRC subtypes among cell lines involving a wide range of gene expression profiles and a variety of driver mutation differences along with a large difference in GPX2 expression levels. A trend for low and high GPX2 expressing cell lines to segregate into different CRC subclasses, indicated in this report, suggests that choices based solely on GPX2 levels may provide misleading and conflicting results by disregarding other properties of cell lines and failing to factor in differences in potential protein targets of ROOH. CRC and cell line classification schemes are presented here that were intended to assist workers in performing pre-clinical studies but are largely unnoted in work on GPX2 and CRC. Studies are often initiated on the premise that the transition from normal to CRC is associated with up-regulation of GPX2. This is probably correct. However, the source normal cells for CRC could be almost any colon cell type, some with very high GPX2 levels. These factors are addressed in this study.
AI-Enhanced Healthcare: Integrating ChatGPT-4 in ePROs for Improved Oncology Care and Decision Making:A pilot Evaluation.
Authors: Liao Chih Ying , Chu Chin Nan , Lien Ming Yu , Wu Yao Chung , Wang Ti Hao
Published: June 2024

Background:
In 2023, ChatGPT-4 has been impactful across several sectors including healthcare, where it aids in medical information analysis and education. Electronic Patient-Reported Outcomes (ePROs) play a crucial role in monitoring cancer patients’ post-treatment symptoms, enabling early in-terventions. However, managing the voluminous ePRO data presents significant challenges. This study assesses the feasibility of utilizing ChatGPT-4 for analyzing side effect data from ePROs.
Methods:
Thirty cancer patients were consecutively collected via a web-based ePRO platform, reporting side effects over 4 weeks. ChatGPT-4, simulating oncologists, dietitians, and nurses, analyzed this data and offered improvement suggestions, which were then reviewed by professionals in those fields.
Results:
Two oncologists, two dieticians and two nurses evaluated the AI’s performance across roles with 540 reviews. ChatGPT-4 excelled in data accuracy and completeness, and was noted for its empathy and support, enhancing communication and reducing caregiver stress. It was particularly effective as a dietician.
Discussion:
ChatGPT-4 shows promise in processing ePRO data with high accuracy, suggesting that AI can enhance clinical decision-making. Nevertheless, its limitations in emotional engagement highlight the need for AI to supplement, not replace, human care. Emphasizing the role of dietitians underscores the importance of nutritional advice in cancer care. Future studies will further explore the feasible application of AI and ePRO in cancer care clinical processes.