bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A culture of open reporting results in improved quality of bladder tumour resections: a closed loop audit
Authors: Ching Daniel , Anastasiadis Eleni , Patel Pareeta , Sahu Mahua , Sandhu Sarb
Published: April 2016

Objective:

Bladder cancer is the commonest cancer of the urinary tract. Transurethral Resection of Bladder Tumour (TURBT) is the gold standard for diagnosis and treatment of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer. The absence of muscle in a TURBT specimen is associated with a significantly higher risk of residual disease, early recurrence and tumour under staging.

Materials and methods:

TURBT and bladder biopsy specimens were examined before and after the introduction of an open reporting system as a quality improvement exercise. All specimens from the 4th quarter (between 2010 and 2014) were examined to determine the effect of open reporting on our inadequate resection rates.

Results:

A total of 244 cases were performed under the care of 5 consultant urologists. Analysis revealed a significant improvement in quality of both T1 and Ta resections (p=0.04*; p=0.02*) after the introduction of open reporting. The total number of TURBT cases increased per year, however the percentage of inadequate resections has significantly decreased (p=0.02*).

Conclusion:

Individual reporting provided surgeons with direct, personal and timely feedback on their performance. It did not negatively impact on trainee participation, but led to improved training outcomes. We have demonstrated that our simple intervention has improved quality of patient care.
Fall risk in people with MS: A Physiological Profile Assessment study
Authors: Hoang Phu D , Baysan Meryem , Gunn Hilary , Cameron Michelle , Freeman Jenny , Nitz Jennifer , Low Choy Nancy L , Lord Stephen R
Published: April 2016

Introduction

The Physiological Profile Assessment (PPA) is used in research and clinical practice for assessing fall risk. We compared PPA test performance between people with multiple sclerosis (MS) and healthy controls, determined the fall-risk profile for people with MS and developed a reference database for people with MS.

Methods

For this study, 416 ambulant people with MS (51.5 ± 12.0 years) and 352 controls (52.8 ± 12.2 years) underwent the PPA (tests of contrast sensitivity, proprioception, quadriceps strength, reaction time and sway) with composite fall-risk scores computed from these measures. MS participants were followed prospectively for falls for 3 months.

Results

The MS participants performed significantly worse than controls in each PPA test. The average composite fall-risk score was also significantly elevated, indicating a “marked” fall risk when compared with controls. In total, 155 MS participants (37.3%) reported 2 + falls in the follow-up period. Frequent fallers performed significantly worse than non-frequent fallers in the contrast sensitivity, reaction time and sway tests and had higher PPA composite scores.

Conclusions

In line with poor PPA test performances, falls incidence in people with MS was high. This study provides comprehensive reference data for the PPA measures for people with MS that could be used to inform future research and clinical practice.
B-cell–specific conditional expression of Myd88p.L252P leads to the development of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma in mice
Authors: Knittel Gero , Liedgens Paul , Korovkina Darya , Seeger Jens M. , Al-Baldawi Yussor , Al-Maarri Mona , Fritz Christian , Vlantis Katerina , Bezhanova Svetlana , Scheel Andreas H. , Wolz Olaf-Oliver , Reimann Maurice , Möller Peter , López Cristina , Schlesner Matthias , Lohneis Philipp , Weber Alexander N. R. , Trümper Lorenz ,   German International Cancer Genome Consortium Molecular Mechanisms in Malignant Lymphoma by Sequencing Project Consortium, Staudt Louis M. , Ortmann Monika , Pasparakis Manolis , Siebert Reiner , Schmitt Clemens A. , Klatt Andreas R. , Wunderlich F. Thomas , Schäfer Stephan C. , Persigehl Thorsten , Montesinos-Rongen Manuel , Odenthal Margarete , Büttner Reinhard , Frenzel Lukas P. , Kashkar Hamid , Reinhardt H. Christian
Published: April 2016

Key Points

B-cell–specific expression of Myd88p.L252P leads to the development of DLBCL in mice. The Myd88p.L252P mutation cooperates with BCL2 amplifications in ABC-DLBCL lymphomagenesis in vivo.
Characterization of primary cilia during the differentiation of retinal ganglion cells in the zebrafish
Authors: Lepanto Paola , Davison Camila , Casanova Gabriela , Badano Jose L. , Zolessi Flavio R.
Published: April 2016

Background

Retinal ganglion cell (RGC) differentiation in vivo is a highly stereotyped process, likely resulting from the interaction of cell type-specific transcription factors and tissue-derived signaling factors. The primary cilium, as a signaling hub in the cell, may have a role during this process but its presence and localization during RGC generation, and its contribution to the process of cell differentiation, have not been previously assessed in vivo.

Methods

In this work we analyzed the distribution of primary cilia in vivo using laser scanning confocal microscopy, as well as their main ultrastructural features by transmission electron microscopy, in the early stages of retinal histogenesis in the zebrafish, around the time of RGC generation and initial differentiation. In addition, we knocked-down ift88 and elipsa, two genes with an essential role in cilia generation and maintenance, a treatment that caused a general reduction in organelle size. The effect on retinal development and RGC differentiation was assessed by confocal microscopy of transgenic or immunolabeled embryos.

Results

Our results show that retinal neuroepithelial cells have an apically-localized primary cilium usually protruding from the apical membrane. We also found a small proportion of sub-apical cilia, before and during the neurogenic period. This organelle was also present in an apical position in neuroblasts during apical process retraction and dendritogenesis, although between these stages cilia appeared highly dynamic regarding both presence and position. Disruption of cilia caused a decrease in the proliferation of retinal progenitors and a reduction of neural retina volume. In addition, retinal histogenesis was globally delayed albeit RGC layer formation was preferentially reduced with respect to the amacrine and photoreceptor cell layers.

Conclusions

These results indicate that primary cilia exhibit a highly dynamic behavior during early retinal differentiation, and that they are required for the proliferation and survival of retinal progenitors, as well as for neuronal generation, particularly of RGCs.
Suzuki’s type fixed point theorems for generalized mappings in partial cone metric spaces over a solid cone
Authors: Xu Wenqing , Zhu Chuanxi , Chen Chunfang
Published: April 2016

In this paper, we obtain some Suzuki-type fixed point theorems for generalized mappings in partial cone metric spaces over a solid cone. Our results unify and generalize various known comparable results in the literature. We also provide illustrative examples in support of our new results.
Consistency investigation, vertical gravity estimation, and inversion of airborne gravity gradient data — A case study from northern Sweden
Authors: Abtahi Sayyed Mohammad , Pedersen Laust Börsting , Kamm Jochen , Kalscheuer Thomas
Published: April 2016

For airborne gravity gradient data, it is a challenge to distinguish between high-frequency intrinsic and dynamically produced noise caused by the aircraft and small-scale effects from shallow density variations. To facilitate consistent interpretation, techniques that include all of the measured gravity gradient components are particularly promising. We represented the measurements by a common potential function accounting for lateral and height variations. Thus, it was possible to evaluate the internal consistency between the measured components and to identify components with bias or particularly strong noise. As an extra benefit for data sets that contain terrain-corrected and nonterrain-corrected gravity gradient measurements at flight altitude, we estimated terrain-corrected anomalies on the topographic relief using downward continuation and retrieved nonterrain-corrected gravity gradient data suitable for inversion using upward continuation. For a field data set from northern Sweden, the largest differences (up to 50 eotvos) between the measured and estimated components of the gravity gradient data were found in areas of high topographical relief. But the average residual standard deviations of the individual components were between 3.6 and 7.4 eotvos, indicating that the components were consistent in an average sense. We have determined the successful conversion of terrain-corrected airborne gravity gradient data to Bouguer gravity data on the topographic relief using ground-based vertical gravity data as a reference. A 3D inverse model computed from the nonterrain-corrected data clearly showed the depth extent of the geologic structures observed at the surface, but it only produced a weak representation of the shallow structure. In contrast, a 2D surface density model in which only lateral variations of density in the topographic relief was allowed exhibited more realistic density distributions in fair correlation with geology.
Application of 3D seismic attributes to optimize the placement of horizontal wells within a tight gas sand reservoir, Ordos Basin, China
Authors: Wang Zhiguo , Gao Jinghuai , Lei Xiaolan , Cui Xiaojie , Wang Daxing
Published: April 2016

The Lower Permian Xiashihezi Formation in the Ordos Basin, China, is a quartz-sandstone reservoir with low porosity and low permeability. We have acquired 3D seismic data and well data from 18 vertical and four horizontal wells to indicate the potential of seismic attribute analyses in locating seismic sweet spots for lateral placement of horizontal wells. Using the analytic wavelet transform with a Morse wavelet, the integration of high tuning spectral components, high sweetness and high spectral attenuation helped us to estimate the distribution of gas-bearing tight sands in the Xiashihezi Formation. Our results revealed that the principal target of horizontal drilling and production was gas-bearing massive point bars in the braided river delta setting of the Ordos Basin. The integrated workflow of the seismic attribute analysis contributes to the optimal horizontal well planning by mining and exposing critical geological information of a tight gas sand reservoir from within 3D seismic data.
Stable inversion-based multitrace deabsorption method for spatial continuity preservation and weak signal compensation
Authors: Yuan Sanyi , Wang Shangxu , Tian Nan , Wang Zongjun
Published: April 2016

Nonstationary seismic data can be expressed using a linear matrix-vector multiplication system derived from wave theory when anelastic effects of the earth can be quantified by the intrinsic quality factor (or [Formula: see text]) and [Formula: see text] is frequency independent in the seismic bandwidth. On the basis of the linear modeling system and singular value decomposition, we have assessed the stability using weights associated with the left singular vectors, data, and singular values, and we assessed the compensation/resolution limitation of inversion-based deabsorption using the right singular vectors. In addition, a stable inversion-based multitrace deabsorption method was developed by minimizing the [Formula: see text]-norm of coefficients in the frequency-wavenumber ([Formula: see text]) domain of reflectivity subject to the time-domain nonstationary data misfit. The optimum deabsorption result can be obtained by sequentially solving a series of lasso subproblems until the stopping condition is reached. As the number of solving lasso subproblems increases, the role of [Formula: see text] magnitude sparsity constraint relative to data misfit gradually decreases. In this way, the proposed method can highlight the spatial continuities and reduce the influence of noise on the updated result during starting iterations due to [Formula: see text] magnitude sparsity, whereas compensate details including some discontinuities of events and weak reflections during later iterations due to the dominant role of data misfit. We tested the method on a series of data sets, including a synthetic data set, a physical modeling data set, and a field data set. Our results determined that the proposed method can provide stable compensation results, even in the presence of coherent noise and/or strong random noise. Compared with the trace-by-trace [Formula: see text]-norm regularization deabsorption method, our method performed better in spatial continuity preservation and weak signal compensation.
The direct-current response of electrically conducting fractures excited by a grounded current source
Authors: Weiss Chester J. , Aldridge David F. , Knox Hunter A. , Schramm Kimberly A. , Bartel Lewis C.
Published: April 2016

Hydraulic fracture stimulation of low permeability reservoir rocks is an established and cross–cutting technology for enhancing hydrocarbon production in sedimentary formations and increasing heat exchange in crystalline geothermal systems. Whereas the primary measure of success is the ability to keep the newly generated fractures sufficiently open, long–term reservoir management requires a knowledge of the spatial extent, morphology, and distribution of the fractures — knowledge primarily informed by microseismic and ground deformation monitoring. To minimize the uncertainty associated with interpreting such data, we investigate through numerical simulation the usefulness of direct-current (DC) resistivity data for characterizing subsurface fractures with elevated electrical conductivity by considering a geophysical experiment consisting of a grounded current source deployed in a steel cased borehole. In doing so, the casing efficiently energizes the fractures with steady current. Finite element simulations of this experiment for a horizontal well intersecting a small set of vertical fractures indicate that the fractures manifest electrically in (at least) two ways: (1) a local perturbation in electric potential proximal to the fracture set, with limited farfield expression and (2) an overall reduction in the electric potential along the borehole casing due to enhanced current flow through the fractures into the surrounding formation. The change in casing potential results in a measurable effect that can be observed far from fractures themselves. Under these conditions, our results suggest that farfield, timelapse measurements of DC potentials can be interpreted by simple, linear inversion for a Coulomb charge distribution along the borehole path, including a local charge perturbation due to the fractures. This approach offers an inexpensive method for detecting and monitoring the time-evolution of electrically conducting fractures while ultimately providing an estimate of their effective conductivity — the latter providing an important measure independent of seismic methods on fracture shape, size, and hydraulic connectivity.
On the mechanical vibrator-earth contact geometry and its dynamics
Authors: Noorlandt Rik , Drijkoningen Guy
Published: April 2016

The geometry of the contact between a vibrator and the earth underneath influences the dynamics of the vibrator. Although a vibrator might appear to be well-coupled with the earth on a macroscale, perfect coupling certainly does not occur on the microscale. With the aid of contact mechanical modeling and concepts, it can be shown that this lack of contact at the microscale, or rather the change thereof during a sweep, can have a significant effect on the dynamics of the vibrator-earth system. Modeling of such changing contact predicts that the dynamic behavior varies considerably with the vibrator drive level. The most significant effect predicted by the model is a decrease in the base-plate resonance frequency with an increasing drive level. Extensive drive-level tests carried out in a field experiment confirm this change of resonance behavior with drive level.
Reducing high-frequency ghost cavitation signals from marine air-gun arrays
Authors: Landrø Martin , Ni Yuan , Amundsen Lasse
Published: April 2016

Ghost cavitation, which is a term describing that cavitation bubbles are generated acoustically, has been hypothesized to occur when the ghost reflected signals from many individual air guns beneath the sea surface produce a pressure that is close to zero in the water above the source array. Ghost cavitation is typically observed some milliseconds after the ghost reflection, and it may last for 5–15 ms, depending on the configuration of the source array. The cavitation process subsequently generates a weak high-frequency signal. To investigate this potential signal model and mechanism, we have performed a dedicated source experiment. We found that the distance between the source strings in a source array is a major factor that influences the amount and strength of the high-frequency signal. By increasing the separation distance from 6.5 to 8 m, we have observed a significant decrease in the high-frequency signal. Further, the amount of ghost cavitation can be reduced by increasing the distance between the guns. Also single sub-arrays may create ghost cavitation sound, of course weaker in signal strength compared with full arrays, in agreement with the model. Conventional air-gun modeling can be used to predict where ghost cavitation can occur. Therefore, in principle, a workflow could be developed to quantify grossly if and how much high-frequency signals could be generated by this mechanism, given the source array configuration, and further change the configuration to reduce to a very minimum the high-frequency signals, if deemed necessary. For an air-gun array consisting of two subarrays separated by 6 m and fired at 9 m depth, we found that the high-frequency signals emitted between 1 and 10 kHz were of similar strength to the noise from conventional cargo ships, depending on their size and the vessels’ speed.
Subsurface reflectivity estimation from imaging of primaries and multiples using amplitude-normalized separated wavefields
Authors: Ordoñez Alba , Söllner Walter , Klüver Tilman , Gelius Leiv J.
Published: April 2016

Several studies have shown the benefits of including multiple reflections together with primaries in the structural imaging of subsurface reflectors. However, to characterize the reflector properties, there is a need to compensate for propagation effects due to multiple scattering and to properly combine the information from primaries and all orders of multiples. From this perspective and based on the wave equation and Rayleigh’s reciprocity theorem, recent works have suggested computing the subsurface image from the Green’s function reflection response (or reflectivity) by inverting a Fredholm integral equation in the frequency-space domain. By following Claerbout’s imaging principle and assuming locally reacting media, the integral equation may be reduced to a trace-by-trace deconvolution imaging condition. For a complex overburden and considering that the structure of the subsurface is angle-dependent, this trace-by-trace deconvolution does not properly solve the Fredholm integral equation. We have inverted for the subsurface reflectivity by solving the matrix version of the Fredholm integral equation at every subsurface level, based on a multidimensional deconvolution of the receiver wavefields with the source wavefields. The total upgoing pressure and the total filtered downgoing vertical velocity were used as receiver and source wavefields, respectively. By selecting appropriate subsets of the inverted reflectivity matrix and by performing an inverse Fourier transform over the frequencies, the process allowed us to obtain wavefields corresponding to virtual sources and receivers located in the subsurface, at a given level. The method has been applied on two synthetic examples showing that the computed reflectivity wavefields are free of propagation effects from the overburden and thus are suited to extract information of the image point location in the angular and spatial domains. To get the computational cost down, our approach is target-oriented; i.e., the reflectivity may only be computed in the area of most interest.
Free-surface multiple attenuation for blended data
Authors: Ma Jitao , Chen Xiaohong , Sen Mrinal K. , Xue Yaru
Published: April 2016

Blended data sets are now being acquired because of improved efficiency and reduction in cost compared with conventional seismic data acquisition. We have developed two methods for blended data free-surface multiple attenuation. The first method is based on an extension of surface-related multiple elimination (SRME) theory, in which free-surface multiples of the blended data can be predicted by a multidimensional convolution of the seismic data with the inverse of the blending operator. A least-squares inversion method is used, which indicates that crosstalk noise existed in the prediction result due to the approximate inversion. An adaptive subtraction procedure similar to that used in conventional SRME is then applied to obtain the blended primary — this can damage the energy of primaries. The second method is based on inverse data processing (IDP) theory adapted to blended data. We derived a formula similar to that used in conventional IDP, and we attenuated free-surface multiples by simple muting of the focused points in the inverse data space (IDS). The location of the focused points in the IDS for blended data, which can be calculated, is also related to the blending operator. We chose a singular value decomposition-based inversion algorithm to stabilize the inversion in the IDP method. The advantage of IDP compared with SRME is that, it does not have crosstalk noise and is able to better preserve the primary energy. The outputs of our methods are all blended primaries, and they can be further processed using blended data-based algorithms. Synthetic data examples show that the SRME and IDP algorithms for blended data are successful in attenuating free-surface multiples.
On the evolution of the elastic properties of organic-rich shale upon pyrolysis-induced thermal maturation
Authors: Allan Adam M. , Clark Anthony C. , Vanorio Tiziana , Kanitpanyacharoen Waruntorn , Wenk Hans-Rudolf
Published: April 2016

The evolution of the elastic properties of organic-rich shale as a function of thermal maturity remains poorly constrained. This understanding is pivotal to the characterization of source rocks and unconventional reservoirs. To better constrain the evolution of the elastic properties and microstructure of organic-rich shale, we have studied the acoustic velocities and elastic anisotropy of samples from two microstructurally different organic-rich shales before and after pyrolysis-induced thermal maturation. To more physically imitate in situ thermal maturation, we performed the pyrolysis experiments on intact core plugs under applied reservoir-magnitude confining pressures. Iterative characterization of the elastic properties of a clay-rich, laminar Barnett Shale sample documents the development of subparallel to bedding cracks by an increase in velocity sensitivity to pressure perpendicular to the bedding. These cracks, however, are not visible through time-lapse scanning electron microscope imaging, indicating either submicrometer crack apertures or predominant development within the core of the sample. At elevated confining pressures, in the absence of pore pressure, these induced cracks close, at which point, the sample is acoustically indistinguishable from the prepyrolysis sample. Conversely, a micritic Green River sample does not exhibit the formation of aligned compliant features. Rather, the sample exhibits a largely directionally independent decrease in velocity as load-bearing, pore-filling kerogen is removed from the sample. Due to the weak alignment of minerals, there is comparatively little intrinsic anisotropy; further, due to the relatively directionally independent evolution of velocity, the evolution of the anisotropy as a function of thermal maturity is not indicative of aligned compliant features. Our results have indicated that horizons of greater thermal maturity may be acoustically detectable in situ through increases in the elastic anisotropy of laminar shales or decreases in the acoustic velocities of nonlaminar shales, micritic rocks, or siltstones.
Full-model wavenumber inversion: An emphasis on the appropriate wavenumber continuation
Authors: Alkhalifah Tariq
Published: April 2016

A model of the earth can be described using a Fourier basis represented by its wavenumber content. In full-waveform inversion (FWI), the wavenumber description of the model is natural because our Born-approximation-based velocity updates are made up of wavefields. Our objective in FWI is to access all the model wavenumbers available in our limited aperture and bandwidth recorded data that are not yet accurately present in the initial velocity model. To invert for those model wavenumbers, we need to locate their imprint in the data. Thus, I review the relation between the model wavenumber buildup and the inversion process. Specifically, I emphasize a focus on the model wavenumber components and identified their individual influence on the data. Missing the energy for a single vertical low-model wavenumber from the residual between the true Marmousi model and some initial linearly increasing velocity model produced a worse least-squares fit to the data than the initial model itself, in which all the residual model wavenumbers were missing. This stern realization validated the importance of wavenumber continuation, specifically starting from the low-model wavenumbers, to higher (resolution) wavenumbers, especially those attained in an order dictated by the scattering angle filter. A numerical Marmousi example determined the important role that the scattering angle filter played in managing the wavenumber continuation from low to high. An application on the SEG2014 blind test data set with frequencies lower than 7 Hz muted out further validated the versatility of the scattering angle filtering.
Investigation of generalized S-transform analysis windows for time-frequency analysis of seismic reflection data
Authors: Li Duan , Castagna John , Goloshubin Gennady
Published: April 2016

The frequency-dependent width of the Gaussian window function used in the S-transform may not be ideal for all applications. In particular, in seismic reflection prospecting, the temporal resolution of the resulting S-transform time-frequency spectrum at low frequencies may not be sufficient for certain seismic interpretation purposes. A simple parameterization of the generalized S-transform overcomes the drawback of poor temporal resolution at low frequencies inherent in the S-transform, at the necessary expense of reduced frequency resolution. This is accomplished by replacing the frequency variable in the Gaussian window with a linear function containing two coefficients that control resolution variation with frequency. The linear coefficients can be directly calculated by selecting desired temporal resolution at two frequencies. The resulting transform conserves energy and is readily invertible by an inverse Fourier transform. This modification of the S-transform, when applied to synthetic and real seismic data, exhibits improved temporal resolution relative to the S-transform and improved resolution control as compared with other generalized S-transform window functions.
Neda, martyrdom and the media event: Death imagery as an iconic memory
Authors: Ibrahim Yasmin
Published: April 2016

Death imagery online is a conflicted area of examination. At times it can assume a virality that will change public opinion creating iconic moments where death functions as a transformative device. The Internet with its ineradicable features to preserve content makes death a performance that can be consumed stripped of time and space. Death imagery becomes immortalized on the Internet defying the physical mortality of the body as a site of decay and decomposition. This article examines the death of Neda Agha-Soltan in Iran, exploring the entwined notions of witnessing and how the death event courted virality, immortalizing Neda as a global icon. The Internet became a site of double articulation where the act of dying was both contemporaneous and historical – captured, disseminated and consumed non-stop on the Internet. This temporal dislocation of the Internet means death as a media event can be both banalized as part of popular culture and equally consigned to the iconic; igniting affective communities that can domesticate death for collective grieving, communion and agency.
On the art of propaganda posters in post-revolutionary Ukraine: A review article
Authors: Mudrak Myroslava M.
Published: April 2016

Propaganda and Slogans: The Political Post er in Soviet Ukraine 1919–1921 (exhibition catalougue, The Ukrainian Museum, New Yo rk, 20 October 2013–2 February 2014, Intro. by guest curator, Myroslav Shkandrij, University of Manitoba) (2013) New York: The Ukrainian Museum, 68 pp., ISBN: 9780966062151, p/bk, $20 US
China, western art museums, and dissident art via social networks
Authors: Liljeblad Jonathan
Published: April 2016

Western art museums are increasingly assuming a political role on the international stage. An example of this is the controversy that arose between western art museums and the Chinese government over the arrest and detention of Ai Weiwei in 2011. This article interprets these controversies as reflective of an ongoing political discourse. This article seeks to inform this discourse from the perspective of the field of international relations, using contributions from political science to interpret situations over Chinese dissident art between western art institutions and the Chinese state, and generate descriptive and prescriptive suggestions for the future.
Self-affine Fractal Modelling of Aircraft Echoes from Low-resolution Radars
Authors: Sheng L. Q. , Pei J.H. , Liu X.Y.
Published: April 2016

For complex targets, the non rigid vibration of an aircraft as well as its attitude changes and the rotation of its rotating parts will induce complex nonlinear modulation on its echo from low-resolution radars. If one performs the fractal analysis of measures on an aircraft echo, it may offer a fine description of the dynamic characteristics which induce the echo structure. On basis of introducing self-affine fractal theory, the paper models real recorded aircraft echo data from a low-resolution radar using the self-affine fractal representation, and investigates the application of echo self-affine fractal characteristics in aircraft target classification. Results analysis shows that aircraft echoes from low-resolution radars can be modelled by using the self-affine fractal method, and the self-affine fractal features can be effectively applied to target classification and recognition.

 
Post Boost Track Processing Using Conventional DBMS Software
Authors: Basu Aniruddha
Published: April 2016

The design of air defence, traditional command control system is very challenging which has been used with basic methodologies. Traditional design is associated with unstructured and uncorrelated data and requires huge lines of code using hard disk drive (HDD) in the system. Hence an attempt was made for a better simplified database management system (DBMS) software data access methodology, which processed the incoming airborne data, message in RDBMS database to achieve full automation on real-time. The transaction is accomplished through SQL pass through method from the host decision making system into database. An algorithm of track identification during midcourse track separation was undertaken for prototype development on DBMS data access methodology. In this methodology Oracle C++ calls interface embedded query call was used from the host interface system. The purpose of this development was to find a comparison of online process timing between HDD and SSD using commercial database, and to evaluate performance of dynamic processing of RDBMS Database for identification of target vehicle and booster after separation. Produced experimentation results from improved performance of the proposed methodology on which futuristic command control system can rely.

 
Effect of Nano Cr2O3 in HTPB/AP/Al Based Composite Propellant Formulations
Authors: Kshirsagar Dhirendra , Kurva Ramesh , Dhabbe Kashinath , Jawale Lalita , Singh Sudhir , Khire Vrushali , Maurya Mehilal
Published: April 2016

Different compositions have been prepared by incorporating nano sized chromium oxide from 0.25 % to 1 % in HTPB/AP/Al based composite propellant formulation having 86% of solid loading and studied its effect on viscosity build-up, thermal, mechanical and ballistic properties. The findings reveal that on increasing the percentage of nano Cr2O3 in the composition, there is an increase in end of mix viscosity, elastic modulus and tensile strength while elongation decreases accordingly. The data on thermal properties envisage the reduction in thermal decomposition temperature of ammonium perchlorate as well as formulations based on HTPB/AP/Al. The data on ballistic properties reveal that there is an enhancement in burning rate from 6.11 mm/s to 7.88 mm/s at 6.86 MPa, however, marginal increase in  pressure exponent (‘n’ values) from 0.35 to 0.53 with 1 wt % of nano Cr2O3 was observed  in comparison to reference composition without chromium oxide. 

 
Virtual Prototyping and Development of Rotary Field Ferrite Phase Shifter
Authors: Aggarwal Meenakshi , Matheru B.S.
Published: April 2016

Review of the virtual prototyping and physical development of the rotary field ferrite phase shifter is presented. A description of the basic principle of operation of the rotary field ferrite phase shifter has been given along with the key aspects about the design and virtual prototyping of various parts of the phase shifter viz ferrite rod, yoke, polarisers and matching section using HFSS and 3-D Maxwell softwares. Calibrated simulation performance of the phase shifters is presented and it shows good agreement with physical measurement results. Three prototypes and one hundred production capable phase shifter modules were fabricated, functionally tested and RF characterised. This is an indigenous development of the physical prototypes of rotary field class of ferrite phase shifters of C-band. This class of ferrite phase shifters finds application in phased array radars, such as battery level radar and weapon locating radar, because of its high phase accuracy and high power handling capability.

 
Circular Patch Antenna with Defected Ground for UWB Communication with WLAN Band Rejection
Authors: Jangid K. G. , Tiwari Ajay , Sharma Vijay , Kulhar V.S. , Saxena V.K. , Bhatnagar D.
Published: April 2016

The design and performance of coplanar waveguide fed modified circular patch antenna for possible application in ultra wideband communication systems with band rejection for upper wireless local area network band (5.15 GHz - 5.85 GHz) is reported. This antenna is designed on glass epoxy FR4 substrate having size 30 mm × 20 mm × 1.59 mm. The coplanar waveguide fed circular patch antenna is modified by introducing L shaped slits in ground plane and U shaped slot in patch and performance analysis of antenna is simulated by applying CST microwave studio simulation software. Different designed antennas were tested with available experimental facilities. The developed end product shows a nice matching with feed network at frequencies 2.62 GHz, 3.94 GHz and 8.50 GHz and provides 10.38 GHz (3.33 GHz - 13.71 GHz) impedance bandwidth with wireless local area network 5.5 GHz (4.74 GHz - 6.15 GHz) band rejection. The co and cross polar patterns in elevation and azimuth planes at two frequencies namely 2.62 GHz and 3.94 GHz are obtained which dictate that co-polar patterns are significantly better than cross polar patterns. The simulated peak gain of antenna is close to 3.86 dBi and gain variation with frequency shows a sharp gain decrease in the frequency range 4.74 GHz to 6.15 GHz.

 
Control Flow Graph Based Multiclass Malware Detection Using Bi-normal Separation
Authors: Kapoor Akshay , Dhavale Sunita
Published: April 2016

Control flow graphs (CFG) and OpCodes extracted from disassembled executable files are widely used for malware detection. Most of the research in static analysis is focused on binary class malware detection which only classifies an executable as benign or malware. To overcome this issue, CFG based multiclass malware detection system that automatically classifies the malware into their respective families is proposed. The use Bi-normal separation (BNS) as a feature scoring metric. Experimental results show that proposed method using BNS outperforms compared to hitherto use technique of document Frequency for multiclass metamorphic malware detection and achieves detection accuracy of 99.5 per cent.

 
Energy Efficient MANET Protocol Using Cross Layer Design for Military Applications
Authors: Rath Mamata , Pattanayak Binod Kumar , Pati Bibudhedu
Published: April 2016

In military applications mobile adhoc network plays very important role because it is specifically designed network for on demand requirement and in situations where set up of physical network is not possible. This special type of network which takes control in infrastructure less communication handles serious challenges tactfully such as highly robust and dynamic military work stations, devices and smaller sub-networks in the battle field. Therefore there is a high demand of designing efficient routing protocols ensuring security and reliability for successful transmission of highly sensitive and confidential military information in defence networks. With this objective, a power efficient network layer routing protocol in the network for military application is designed and simulated using a new cross layer approach of design to increase reliability and network lifetime up to a greater extent.

 
Quality Metrics and Reliability Analysis of Laser Communication System
Authors: Raj A. Arockia Bazil , Padmavathi S.
Published: April 2016

Beam wandering is the main cause for major power loss in laser communication. To analyse this prerequisite at our environment, a 155 Mbps data transmission experimental setup is built with necessary optoelectronic components for the link range of 0.5 km at an altitude of 15.25 m. A neuro-controller is developed inside the FPGA and used to stabilise the received beam at the centre of detector plane. The Q-factor and bit error rate variation profiles are calculated using the signal statistics obtained from the eye-diagram. The performance improvements on the laser communication system due to the incorporation of beam wandering mitigation control are investigated and discussed in terms of various communication quality assessment key parameters.

 
Multiple Results of Damped Systems with General Nonlinearities
Authors: Chen Guanwei , Li Lin , Sun Jijiang
Published: April 2016

We study a class of non-periodic damped systems, where the nonlinearity H is subquadratic at 0 and general at infinity (i.e., it can be subquadratic, asymptotically quadratic or superquadratic at infinity, three examples are constructed to illustrate the three different cases). Besides, the global evenness condition (

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t
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u

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t
,
u
)

${H(t,-u)=H(t,u)}$

) and the global non-negative condition (

H
⁢

(
t
,
u
)

≥
0

${H(t,u)\geq 0}$

) used before are, respectively, replaced by the local evenness condition (

H
⁢

(
t
,

-
u

)

=

H
⁢

(
t
,
u
)

${H(t,-u)=H(t,u)}$

,

|
u
|

≤
r

${|u|\leq r}$

) and the local non-negative condition (

H
⁢

(
t
,
u
)

≥
0

${H(t,u)\geq 0}$

,

|
u
|

≤
r

${|u|\leq r}$

). Under the above weaker and more general conditions, we obtain infinitely many nontrivial small negative energy homoclinic orbits for this class of damped systems by an extension of Clark’s theorem.
Quasilinear Elliptic Equations with Singular Nonlinearity
Authors: do Ó João Marcos , da Silva Esteban
Published: April 2016

In this paper, motivated by recent works on the study of the equations which model electrostatic MEMS devices, we study the quasilinear elliptic equation

(Pλ)

{

-

(

r
α

⁢

|

u
′

|

β

⁢

u
′

)

′

=

λ
⁢

r
γ

⁢
f
⁢

(
r
)

(

1
-
u

)

2

,

r
∈

(
0
,
1
)

,

0
≤

u
⁢

(
r
)

<
1

,

r
∈

(
0
,
1
)

,

u
′

⁢

(
0
)

=

u
⁢

(
1
)

=
0

.

${}\begin{cases}-(r^{\alpha}|u^{\prime}|^{\beta}u^{\prime})^{\prime}=\dfrac{% \lambda r^{\gamma}f(r)}{(1-u)^{2}},&r\in(0,1),\\ 0\leq u(r)<1,&r\in(0,1),\\ u^{\prime}(0)=u(1)=0.&\end{cases}$

According to the choice of the parameters α, β, and γ, the differential operator which we are dealing with corresponds to the radial form of the Laplacian, the p-Laplacian, and the k-Hessian. We prove the existence of an extremal parameter

λ
∗

>
0

${\lambda^{\ast}>0}$

such that, for

λ
∈

(
0
,

λ
∗

)

${\lambda\in(0,\lambda^{\ast})}$

, there exists a minimal solution

u
¯

λ

${\underline{u}_{\lambda}}$

and, for

λ
>

λ
∗

${\lambda>\lambda^{\ast}}$

, there exists no solution of any kind. We also study the behavior of the minimal branch of solutions and we prove uniqueness of solutions of (

P

λ
∗

$P_{\lambda^{\ast}}$

) for

β
>

-
1

${\beta>-1}$

.
Combined Effects of Concave-Convex Nonlinearities in a Fourth-Order Problem with Variable Exponent
Authors: Baraket Sami , Rădulescu Vicenţiu D.
Published: April 2016

We study two classes of nonhomogeneous elliptic problems with Dirichlet boundary condition and involving a fourth-order differential operator with variable exponent and power-type nonlinearities. The first result of this paper establishes the existence of a nontrivial weak solution in the case of a small perturbation of the right-hand side. The proof combines variational methods, including the Ekeland variational principle and the mountain pass theorem of Ambrosetti and Rabinowitz. Next we consider a very related eigenvalue problem and we prove the existence of nontrivial weak solutions for large values of the parameter. The direct method of the calculus of variations, estimates of the levels of the associated energy functional and basic properties of the Lebesgue and Sobolev spaces with variable exponent have an important role in our arguments.
The Revolution Will Be Performed. Cameras and Mass Protests in the Perspective of Contemporary Art
Authors: Ruchel-Stockmans Katarzyna
Published: April 2016

This article offers an analysis of Videograms of a Revolution (1992) by Harun Farocki and Andrej Ujica and The Pixelated Revolution (2011) by Rabih Mroue, which both reflect on the role of amateur recordings in a revolution. While the first deals with the abundant footage of the mass protests in 1989 Romania, revealing how images became operative in the unfolding of the revolution, the second shows that mobile phone videos disseminated by the Syrian protesters in 2011 respond to the desire of immediacy with the blurry, fragmentary images taken in the heart of the events. One of the most significant results of this new situation is the way image production steers the comportment of people involved in the events. Ordinary participants become actors performing certain roles, while the events themselves are being seen as cinematic. This increased theatricality of mass protests can thus be seen as an instance of blurring the lines between video and photography on the one hand and performance, theatre and cinema on the other.
The Intermedial Cluster: Åke Hodell’s Lågsniff
Authors: Bäckström Per
Published: April 2016

Avant-garde aesthetic movements react on and appropriate new technological media in a process of breaking down the boundaries between different media and different “arts," in an attempt to generate meaning from the sheer materiality of the artwork. Avant-garde artworks will therefore by necessity be marked by media in different ways, at the same time as these art forms are processual, performative and transgressive. One of the prime Swedish examples of this avant-garde strategy is Ake Hodell’s many realizations of his manuscript Lågsniff. The manuscript, written in 1963, was in the form of a text-sound-composition, which means that Lågsniff, already in this form, took many configurations with a plurality of genres and media modalities involved. Later the manuscript was realized as a series of performances, a TV-film, a book, and in 2002 as a DVD. For such a collection of art works, I would like to suggest the term “intermedial cluster.” The point of departure for my discussion is the DVD, a remediation of the TV- film from 1966, and I will focus on two of the juxtaposed discourses in the cluster that this DVD represents: the package tour and warfare, and on two thematic foci in the film: media and memory, and man as automaton.
Moving Picture, Lying Image: Unreliable Cinematic Narratives
Authors: Csönge Tamás
Published: April 2016

By coining the term “unreliable narrator” Wayne Booth hypothesized another agent in his model besides the author, the implicit author, to explain the double coding of narratives where a distorted view of reality and the exposure of this distortion are presented simultaneously. The article deals with the applicability of the concept in visual narratives. Since unreliability is traditionally considered to be intertwined with first person narratives, it works through subjective mediators. According to scholarly literature on the subject, the narrator has to be strongly characterized, or in other words, anthropomorphized. In the case of film, the main problem is that the narrator is either missing or the narration cannot be attributed entirely to them. There is a medial rupture where the apparatus mediates the story instead of a character’s oral or written discourse. The present paper focuses on some important but overlooked questions about the nature of cinematic storytelling through a re-examination of |the lying flashback in Alfred Hitchcock's Stage Fright. Can a character-narrator control the images the viewer sees? How can the filmic image still be unreliable without having an anthropomorphic narrator? How useful is the term focalization when we are dealing with embedded character-narratives in film?
How Long and When: Open Time Interval and Dignified Living Creatures in The Turin Horse
Authors: Selyem Zsuzsa
Published: April 2016

László Krasznahorkai wrote two different texts (the second being the script of Béla Tarr’s film) from two different perspectives starting from the well-known scene in Turin, Italy, where Friedrich Nietzsche embraced a horse beaten severely by the carter. Why does the interpretation of the Nietzsche-scene change? What kind of temporal, historical or ethical relationship does the differentiation between the two texts depend on? How can the beauty of the crumbs of life be perceivable? This article argues that in these works - in contrast with the commonly assumed precognitions about apocalyptic art - life and humble living creatures are celebrated.