bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Selective Reduction of Ketones and Aldehydes in Continuous-Flow Microreactor—Kinetic Studies
Authors: Maresz Katarzyna , Ciemięga Agnieszka , Mrowiec-Białoń Julita
Published: May 2018

In this work, the kinetics of Meerwein–Ponndorf–Verley chemoselective reduction of carbonyl compounds was studied in monolithic continuous-flow microreactors. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on the MPV reaction kinetics performed in a flow process. The microreactors are a very attractive alternative to the batch reactors conventionally used in this process. The proposed micro-flow system for synthesis of unsaturated secondary alcohols proved to be very efficient and easily controlled. The microreactors had reactive cores made of zirconium-functionalized silica monoliths of excellent catalytic properties and flow characteristics. The catalytic experiments were carried out with the use of 2-butanol as a hydrogen donor. Herein, we present the kinetic parameters of cyclohexanone reduction in a flow reactor and data on the reaction rate for several important ketones and aldehydes. The lack of diffusion constraints in the microreactors was demonstrated. Our results were compared with those from other authors and demonstrate the great potential of microreactor applications in fine chemical and complex intermediate manufacturing.
Implementation of a Cost-Effective Didactic Prototype for the Acquisition of Biomedical Signals
Authors: Polo Aura , Narvaez Pedro , Robles Algarín Carlos
Published: May 2018

This paper presents the implementation of a cost-effective didactic prototype, which was designed as a tool for theoretical and practical learning in the biomedical instrumentation area for engineering students. The prototype provides integrated hardware and software components that allow online acquisition, processing, and visualization of electrocardiographic (ECG), electroencephalographic (EEG), electromyographic (EMG), and electrooculographic (EOG) signals, as well as measurements of bio-impedance from the skin. A control system using an Arduino Uno board and the PIC16F877A and PIC18F2550 microcontrollers was implemented. This control system allows selecting the type of module; the lead to be used in the ECG module; the input channel for the EEG, EMG, and EOG modules; and controlling the signal generator for the bioimpedance module. In addition, a graphical interface was developed in LabVIEW, in which all the acquired biomedical signals can be visualized in real time. It is highlighted as a novelty the modular implementation of the prototype, the incorporation of five modules in a single device and the graphical user-friendly interface. The final result is a low-cost device capable of processing and visualizing bioelectric signals through an interface in LabVIEW, which also allows the user to interact with each of the stages.
Hydrodynamic Modeling and Mathematical Simulation on Flow Field and Inclusion Removal in a Seven-Strand Continuous Casting Tundish with Channel Type Induction Heating
Authors: Tang Haiyan , Guo Luzhao , Wu Guanghui , Xiao Hong , Yao Haiying , Zhang Jiaquan
Published: May 2018

The tundish with heating instrumentation is attracting more and more attention in continuous casting processes for maintaining a pre-determined constant pouring temperature under a given casting speed, which is beneficial for an improved and consistent steel product quality. However, the fluid flow, temperature distribution and the removal behaviors of non-metallic inclusions in it will be much different from that in a conventional tundish, due to the implementation of the heating practice. In the present work, to reduce the non-metallic inclusion amounts in billets of the second and sixth strands in a seven-strand tundish with channel type induction heating, the flow field profiles and temperature profiles of molten steel in this tundish have been investigated using hydrodynamic modeling coupled with mathematical simulation under isothermal and non-isothermal situations, respectively. The results of the isothermal experiment indicate that the prototype tundish has severe “short-circuiting flow” in the second and sixth strands, which might have caused the increased inclusion amounts in the billets of the two strands. The flow field of the tundish can be greatly improved by changing the channel design and adding two high dams at each side of the tundish. Compared with the prototype structure A0, the average residence time of the optimized case C5 is prolonged by 55.49% (from 501 to 779 s); the dead zone volume fraction is reduced by 66.18% (from 45.57% to 15.41%); and the flow of each strand becomes more consistent with lower standard deviation. The non-isothermal experiments show that the fluid presents an obvious rising tendency when it flows out from the heating induction channel. The larger the temperature difference inside and outside the channel is, the more consistent the fluid flow between different strands and the more homogeneous the flow field in the whole tundish. For the prototype tundish structure, when the temperature difference is 5 °C, the dead zone is basically eliminated, and the minimum residence time is prolonged by 789% (from 38 to 338 s), compared with the 0 °C of temperature difference. A mathematic model has been proposed accordingly, which can explain well the hydraulic phenomena. The inclusion removal rates of different cases were compared by mathematical simulation, and their removal mechanism was studied, as well.
Identifying a Test to Monitor Weightlifting Performance in Competitive Male and Female Weightlifters
Authors: Travis S. Kyle , Goodin Jacob R. , Beckham George K. , Bazyler Caleb D.
Published: May 2018

Monitoring tests are commonly used to assess weightlifter’s preparedness for competition. Although various monitoring tests have been used, it is not clear which test is the strongest indicator of weightlifting performance. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to (1) determine the relationships between vertical jump, isometric mid-thigh pull (IMTP) and weightlifting performance; and (2) compare vertical jumps to IMTP as monitoring tests of weightlifting performance in a large cohort of male and female weightlifters. Methods: Fifty-two competitive weightlifters (31 males, 21 females) participated in squat and countermovement jump testing (SJ, CMJ), and IMTP testing performed on force plates. All laboratory testing data was correlated to a recent competition where the athletes had attempted to peak. Results: Squat jump height (SJH) was the strongest correlate for men and women with the Sinclair Total (r = 0.686, p ≤ 0.01; r = 0.487, p ≤ 0.05, respectively) compared to countermovement jump height (r = 0.642, p ≤ 0.01; r = 0.413, p = 0.063), IMTP peak force allometrically scaled to body mass (r = 0.542, p ≤ 0.01; r = −0.044, p = 0.851) and rate of force development at 200 ms (r = 0.066, p = 0.723; r = 0.086, p = 0.711), respectively. Further, SJH was a stronger correlate of relative weightlifting performance compared to IMTP peak force in females (p = 0.042), but not male weightlifters (p = 0.191). Conclusions: Although CMJ and IMTP are still considered strong indicators of weightlifting performance, SJH appears to be the most indicative measure of weightlifting performance across a wide-range of performance levels. Thus, SJH can be used as a reliable measure to monitor weightlifting performance in male and female weightlifters.
Les Thermes du Levant à Leptis Magna : présentation architecturale et périodisation générale
Authors: Paulin Michel , Dagnas Guillaume
Published: May 2018

Les Thermes du Levant, dans le secteur est de la cité de Leptis Magna, ont été mis au jour par la Mission archéologique française en Libye en 1994. Ils sont constitués de deux ensembles distincts connectés. L’un, desservi par une platea à portique qui suit le rivage, comporte diverses échoppes, les vestibules d’accès et la fosse d’une pompe alimentée par un remarquable réseau de galeries et de citernes souterraines. L’autre comprend les classiques salles thermales (dont deux tièdes) et leurs piscines, la fournaise et diverses annexes, le tout est conservé sur 6 m de hauteur. Les sols les plus anciens de l’édifice datent de la fin du Ier siècle av. J.-C., mais les thermes n’auraient fonctionné qu’aux IIe et IIIe s., probablement du fait de séismes. Ils ont été convertis en meunerie/ boulangerie, puis en habitations précaires, aux IVe-Ve siècles. Rapidement ensablés, ils avaient été totalement ignorés jusqu’à maintenant. Leur fouille reste encore à terminer.
Observations sur les amphores de tradition punique d’après une nouvelle découverte près de Tunis
Authors: Ben Jerbania Imed
Published: May 2018

This article clarifies aspects of the production of amphorae in the Punic tradition. Material collected from the dump of a potter’s workshop at Mnihla near Tunis comprised two main types of amphorae : Maña C and the type usually known as «Ancient Tripolitanian » . The presence of wasters and archaeometric analysis of selected sherds indicate local or regional production for both types.
On the Origins of Africa Proconsularis, IV : The Career of M. Caelius Phileros again
Authors: Fishwick Duncan
Published: May 2018

According to the arguments of J. Gascou the cursus of M. Caelius Phileros (CIL, X, 6104 : Formiae ; CIL, VIII, 26274 + ILT, 1378 : Uchi Maius) unfolded under Augustus. In particular he places the office of Phileros as praefectus i. d. ca. 26 B. C., soon after Octavian gave Carthage her vast pertica. Fr. Jacques partly supports this reconstruction but suggests that Phileros might have pursued two parallel careers at Carthage and Clupea. Both views conflict with that of D. Fishwick, who dates the cursus of Phileros to the 30’ s B. C. and places the office of praefectus i. d. in the context of Lepidus’s recent assignment of the Carthaginian pertica following the amalgamation of Africa Vetus and Africa Nova. A new reading of the Uchi Maius inscription has recently lead A. Beschaouch to argue that Phileros served as praefectus i. d. in accordance with the equity of Augustus, in which case Carthage will have received her pertica when Octavian reinforced the colony in 29 B. C. D. Fishwick rejects this decipherment as illusory and without foundation. It follows that there is no obstacle to holding that Carthage received her pertica during the governorship of Lepidus, under whom Phileros served his early career.
Un atelier de potier à la périphérie de la ville de Thapsus aux premiers siècles de l’Empire. Annexe de Claudio Capelli et Siwar Baklouti, Caractérisation pétrographique de céramiques provenant d’un possible dépotoir de potier à Thapsus
Authors: Nacef Jihen
Published: May 2018

This article sheds focuses on the material collected in two underground chambers excavated in the outskirts of the city of Thapsus, following an incidental discovery in 2004. The archaeological material is mainly constituted of a large quantity of ceramic sherds related to amphorae, cooking-and coarse ware, and hand-made pottery. A major proportion of this ceramic could have been locally produced, as demonstrated by the relative homogeneity of the typology and petrography. As a matter of fact, unfired dried clay bars and sherds plead in favour of the preparation area of an underground pottery workshop. The whole material seems to date to the Ist c. AD. This typological horizon completes the ceramic production scheme of Byzacena during an important period of transition between the Punic period and the Roman period.
Les marges de la Numidie romaine à la lumière d’une nouvelle inscription des Monts des Ouled Naïl
Authors: Faure Patrice , Leveau Philippe
Published: May 2018

Le point de départ de cet article est la publication d’une inscription provenant d’un site du versant oriental du chaînon qui limite à l’est le massif des Ouled Naïl (partie de l’Atlas saharien situé à l’ouest de l’Aurès). Le nouveau texte, seulement partiellement conservé, fut rédigé pour la sauvegarde (pro salute) d’un empereur au nom martelé – très probablement Élagabal – honoré avec sa famille (domus diuina eius). La lacune empêche de connaître avec certitude le ou les auteurs de l’inscription, mais une signature militaire est l’hypothèse la plus probable. La mise en contexte géographique et archéologique de ce document épigraphique permet de nouvelles interprétations sur la présence romaine dans la région. En effet, la position du lieu de découverte complète les données existantes qui témoignent d’une liaison directe entre le bassin oriental de l’oued Djedi et le bassin d’Aïn Errich sur l’axe El Gahra / Messaad. La publication de cette inscription offre également l’occasion de souligner les spécificités de l’occupation rurale dans un secteur de Numidie où les conditions environnementales sont plus proches de celles des massifs de l’ouest que de celles du piémont de l’Aurès. La relecture du dossier restitue un peuplement de sédentaires transhumant depuis le massif, soit vers le Hodna, soit dans la vallée moyenne de l’oued Djedi.
A BI-OBJECTIVE SCORE-VARIANCE BASED LINEAR ASSIGNMENT METHOD FOR GROUP DECISION MAKING WITH HESITANT FUZZY LINGUISTIC TERM SETS
Authors: RAZAVI HAJIAGHA Seyed Hossein , SHAHBAZI Meisam , AMOOZAD MAHDIRAJI Hannan , PANAHIAN Hossein
Published: May 2018

Decision makers usually prefer to express their preferences by linguistic variables. Classic fuzzy sets allowed expressing these preferences using a single linguistic value. Considering inevitable hesitancy of decision makers, hesitant fuzzy linguistic term sets allowed them to express individual evaluation using several linguistic values. Therefore, these sets improve the ability of humans to determine believes using their own language. Considering this feature, in this paper a method upon linear assignment method is proposed to solve group decision making problems using this kind of information, when criteria weights are known or unknown. The performance of the proposed method is illustrated in a numerical example and the results are compared with other methods to delineate the models efficiency. Following a logical and well-known mathematical logic along with simplicity of execution are the main advantages of the proposed method.
HAT-P-11: Discovery of a Second Planet and a Clue to Understanding Exoplanet Obliquities
Authors: Yee Samuel W. , Petigura Erik A. , Fulton Benjamin J. , Knutson Heather A. , Batygin Konstantin , Bakos Gáspár Á. , Hartman Joel D. , Hirsch Lea A. , Howard Andrew W. , Isaacson Howard , Kosiarek Molly R. , Sinukoff Evan , Weiss Lauren M.
Published: May 2018

HAT-P-11 is a mid-K dwarf that hosts one of the first Neptune-sized planets found outside the solar system. The orbit of HAT-P-11b is misaligned with the star’s spin—one of the few known cases of a misaligned planet orbiting a star less massive than the Sun. We find an additional planet in the system based on a decade of precision radial velocity (RV) measurements from Keck/High Resolution Echelle Spectrometer. HAT-P-11c is similar to Jupiter in its mass (

M

J
) and orbital period (

year), but has a much more eccentric orbit (e = 0.60 ± 0.03). In our joint modeling of RV and stellar activity, we found an activity-induced RV signal of ∼7 

, consistent with other active K dwarfs, but significantly smaller than the 31 

reflex motion due to HAT-P-11c. We investigated the dynamical coupling between HAT-P-11b and c as a possible explanation for HAT-P-11b’s misaligned orbit, finding that planet–planet Kozai interactions cannot tilt planet b’s orbit due to general relativistic precession; however, nodal precession operating on million year timescales is a viable mechanism to explain HAT-P-11b’s high obliquity. This leaves open the question of why HAT-P-11c may have such a tilted orbit. At a distance of 38 pc, the HAT-P-11 system offers rich opportunities for further exoplanet characterization through astrometry and direct imaging.
The Origin of Titan’s External Oxygen: Further Constraints from ALMA Upper Limits on CS and CH2NH
Authors: Teanby N. A. , Cordiner M. A. , Nixon C. A. , Irwin P. G. J. , Hörst S. M. , Sylvestre M. , Serigano J. , Thelen A. E. , Richards A. M. S. , Charnley S. B.
Published: May 2018

Titan’s atmospheric inventory of oxygen compounds (H2O, CO2, CO) are thought to result from photochemistry acting on externally supplied oxygen species (O+, OH, H2O). These species potentially originate from two main sources: (1) cryogenic plumes from the active moon Enceladus and (2) micrometeoroid ablation. Enceladus is already suspected to be the major O+ source, which is required for CO creation. However, photochemical models also require H2O and OH influx to reproduce observed quantities of CO2 and H2O. Here, we exploit sulphur as a tracer to investigate the oxygen source because it has very different relative abundances in micrometeorites (S/O ∼ 10−2) and Enceladus’ plumes (S/O ∼ 10−5). Photochemical models predict most sulphur is converted to CS in the upper atmosphere, so we use Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) observations at ∼340 GHz to search for CS emission. We determined stringent CS 3σ stratospheric upper limits of 0.0074 ppb (uniform above 100 km) and 0.0256 ppb (uniform above 200 km). These upper limits are not quite stringent enough to distinguish between Enceladus and micrometeorite sources at the 3σ level and a contribution from micrometeorites cannot be ruled out, especially if external flux is toward the lower end of current estimates. Only the high-flux micrometeorite source model of Hickson et al. can be rejected at 3σ. We determined a 3σ stratospheric upper limit for CH2NH of 0.35 ppb, which suggests cosmic rays may have a smaller influence in the lower stratosphere than predicted by some photochemical models. Disk-averaged C3H4 and C2H5CN profiles were determined and are consistent with previous ALMA and Cassini/CIRS measurements.
An Investigation of Intracluster Light Evolution Using Cosmological Hydrodynamical Simulations
Authors: Tang Lin , Lin Weipeng , Cui Weiguang , Kang Xi , Wang Yang , Contini E. , Yu Yu
Published: May 2018

Intracluster light (ICL) in observations is usually identified through the surface brightness limit (SBL) method. In this paper, for the first time we produce mock images of galaxy groups and clusters, using a cosmological hydrodynamical simulation to investigate the ICL fraction and focus on its dependence on observational parameters, e.g., the SBL, the effects of cosmological redshift-dimming, point-spread function (PSF), and CCD pixel size. Detailed analyses suggest that the width of the PSF has a significant effect on the measured ICL fraction, while the relatively small pixel size shows almost no influence. It is found that the measured ICL fraction depends strongly on the SBL. At a fixed SBL and redshift, the measured ICL fraction decreases with increasing halo mass, while with a much fainter SBL, it does not depend on halo mass at low redshifts. In our work, the measured ICL fraction shows a clear dependence on the cosmological redshift-dimming effect. It is found that there is more mass locked in the ICL component than light, suggesting that the use of a constant mass-to-light ratio at high surface brightness levels will lead to an underestimate of ICL mass. Furthermore, it is found that the radial profile of ICL shows a characteristic radius that is almost independent of halo mass. The current measurement of ICL from observations has a large dispersion due to different methods, and we emphasize the importance of using the same definition when observational results are compared with theoretical predictions.
DirtyGrid I: 3D Dust Radiative Transfer Modeling of Spectral Energy Distributions of Dusty Stellar Populations
Authors: Law Ka-Hei , Gordon Karl D. , Misselt Karl A.
Published: May 2018

Understanding the properties of stellar populations and interstellar dust has important implications for galaxy evolution. In normal star-forming galaxies, stars and the interstellar medium dominate the radiation from ultraviolet (UV) to infrared (IR). In particular, interstellar dust absorbs and scatters UV and optical light, re-emitting the absorbed energy in the IR. This is a strongly nonlinear process that makes independent studies of the UV-optical and IR susceptible to large uncertainties and degeneracies. Over the years, UV to IR spectral energy distribution (SED) fitting utilizing varying approximations has revealed important results on the stellar and dust properties of galaxies. Yet the approximations limit the fidelity of the derived properties. There is sufficient computer power now available that it is now possible to remove these approximations and map out of landscape of galaxy SEDs using full dust radiative transfer. This improves upon previous work by directly connecting the UV, optical, and IR through dust grain physics. We present the DirtyGrid, a grid of radiative transfer models of SEDs of dusty stellar populations in galactic environments designed to span the full range of physical parameters of galaxies. Using the stellar and gas radiation input from the stellar population synthesis model PEGASE, our radiative transfer model DIRTY self-consistently computes the UV to far-IR/sub-mm SEDs for each set of parameters in our grid. DIRTY computes the dust absorption, scattering, and emission from the local radiation field and a dust grain model, thereby physically connecting the UV-optical to the IR. We describe the computational method and explain the choices of parameters in DirtyGrid. The computation took millions of CPU hours on supercomputers, and the SEDs produced are an invaluable tool for fitting multi-wavelength data sets. We provide the complete set of SEDs in an online table.
Two new species of Polana (Hobemanella) (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Gyponini) and key to species
Authors: Domahovski Alexandre Cruz , Cavichioli Rodney Ramiro
Published: May 2018

Two new species of Polana (Hobemanella) Mckamey, 2006 are described and illustrated from Brazil: Polana (H.) alvarengai sp. nov., from the states of Mato Grosso, Rondônia and Pará, which can be recognized by the aedeagal shaft with subapical group of eight spine-like processes on each side of shaft, on ventral surface; and Polana (H.) arcana sp. nov., from the state of Paraná, which can be recognized by the aedeagus with pair of elongated processes arising at base, almost as long as shaft length and parallel to shaft. A key to the 19 known species of Polana (Hobemanella) is presented.
Une fenêtre au monde : l’utilisation de médiations numériques dans le cadre de la préparation à la sortie d’adolescents hospitalisés en psychiatrie
Authors: Vlachopoulou Xanthie , Missonnier Sylvain
Published: May 2018

Penser à l’avenir et bâtir un projet de sortie s’avère être une tâche ardue pour des adolescents ayant séjourné en hôpital de jour psychiatrique pendant plusieurs années. Une multitude de facteurs viennent s’intriquer, rendant cette démarche complexe. Comment construire un projet d’avenir ? Le dispositif prévu à l’hôpital de jour où nous intervenions pour accompagner les jeunes dans cette démarche a progressivement évolué. Un groupe de parole envahi par Thanatos a laissé place à un atelier Internet qui, en courtisant Éros, ouvre sur les possibles d’une liaison pulsionnelle. En suivant le chemin de la virtualité adolescente et en passant par la virtualité de cette médiation numérique, sommes-nous parvenus à étayer et contenir le surgissement de la vitalité adolescente ? Nous allons présenter le parcours d’un groupe d’adolescents qui a permis de repenser le dispositif proposé pour l’accompagnement à la sortie, tout en essayant d’éclairer la spécificité d’une médiation par un support virtuel.
Un groupe à médiation avec des enfants… en période de latence « Motricité et création d’histoires »
Authors: Compoint Hélène
Published: May 2018

L’article retrace un questionnement par rapport à l’utilisation par l’enfant latent des médiations en groupe à l’appui des observations de l’ethnologue Julie Delalande (2001) de la cour de récréation et d’H. Goldings (1974) des jeux de cordes à sauter entre fillettes. En référence à ces travaux, l’auteure postule qu’au cours de la latence le processus de symbolisation a ceci de particulier que le game soutient le play  ; l’enfant présentant une pathologie limite faisant alors comme l’enfant latent en bonne santé une utilisation du game pour soutenir ses processus différenciateurs intra- et intersubjectifs. Avec un co-thérapeute psychomotricien, l’auteure a mis en place un groupe à médiation liant des jeux moteurs et la création d’histoires dans lequel est pensée la relation entre game et le play , destiné à des enfants dont la symptomatologie est dite limite. Le processus d’élaboration qui se dégage des séances va de l’expression de vécus au fantasme et à l’expérience de créer avec un pair une relation de partage affectif dans laquelle prédomine l’investissement langagier.
Dinámica Vincular: territorios creados en el juego
Authors: Najmanovich Denise
Published: May 2018

La pensé classique a conçu les liens dans une perspective identitaire statique et abstraite ; dans cet article, l’auteur propose d’explorer d’autres perspectives conceptuelles contemporaines qui créent la possibilité d’envisager la situation d’une manière différente. Il s’agit de considérer une pensée capable de rendre compte de la dynamique, c’est-à-dire une perspective à l’intérieur de laquelle le temps soit inclus en tant que variable interne, comme l’expression du changement et de la transformation. Dans une telle conception, les liens ne sont pas des connexions entre des entités (objets ou sujets) préexistantes, ni des structures fixes et indépendantes, ils surgissent spontanément avec ce qu’ils lient, dans une dynamique d’auto-organisation . Il s’agit donc de passer d’un monde unique constitué par des éléments et des relations fixés par les lois de la logique classique, à des « multimondes », dans lesquels les « unités » hétérogènes et les liens n’ont pas un sens univoque, ne sont pas complètement déterminés, n’existent pas indépendamment, mais plutôt surgissent et co-évoluent à l’intérieur d’une dynamique créative : le jeu de la vie.
L’invention de l’accouchement sans douleur, France 1950-1980
Authors: Vuille Marilène
Published: May 2018

La méthode psychoprophylactique d’accouchement sans douleur, développée en Union soviétique, a été introduite en France au début des années 1950 par des médecins proches du Parti communiste français. A son objectif médical – supprimer la douleur sans recours à des moyens pharmacologiques, en apprenant aux femmes à accoucher – était couplé l’objectif politique de participer à l’avènement d’une société socialiste. En dépit de ses hautes ambitions, cette méthode ne s’appuyait pas sur des technologies de pointe, mais sur des techniques modestes et sur des dispositifs usuels. Ces techniques ne lui ont permis d’atteindre ni son objectif médical (éradiquer la douleur) ni son objectif politique (changer la société). Elles ont en revanche déployé des effets importants et durables, en renforçant l’autorité professionnelle sur les femmes enceintes et les acculturant aux pratiques médicales. L’étude de l’accouchement sans douleur permet ainsi de repenser l’histoire de la naissance au-delà de l’opposition classique entre, d’un côté, des instruments, des technologies et des produits pharmacologiques jugés responsables de la médicalisation de la naissance et de l’instrumentalisation du corps des femmes, et, de l’autre, des techniques peu instrumentées, plus « naturelles », censées présenter une alternative à la médicalisation et respecter l’autonomie des femmes.
Mesurer la puberté. La médicalisation de l’adolescence, Suisse 1950-1970
Authors: Piccand Laura
Published: May 2018

Entre 1954 et la fin des années 1970, une étude longitudinale sur la croissance et le développement de l’enfant dit normal a été menée à Zurich. Mesuré-e-s, photographié-e-s, radiographié-e-s, environ 300 garçons et filles de la ville de Zurich ont participé alors, et durant plus de vingt ans, à une des premières enquêtes de ce genre en Europe. Cet article montre comment cette étude est partie prenante de la création de normes genrées contemporaines autour de la puberté. Il évoque tout d’abord le contexte particulier d’émergence d’études qui participent d’une entreprise de description et surtout de mise en chiffre et en statistique du corps humain et de son développement. Puis, principalement à travers l’exemple de deux artefacts permettant l’évaluation de la puberté, les stades de Tanner et l’orchidomètre de Prader, il discute la façon dont ce type de recherches contribue à la production de la puberté comme objet scientifique et médical et à l’établissement des normes de développement, participant à la surveillance des corps reproductifs.
Expanding the reach of probiotics through social enterprises
Authors: Reid G. , Kort R. , Alvarez S. , Bourdet-Sicard R. , Benoit V. , Cunningham M. , Saulnier D.M. , van Hylckama Vlieg J.E.T. , Verstraelen H. , Sybesma W.
Published: May 2018

The rapid rise in microbiome and probiotic science has led to estimates of product creation and sales exceeding $50 billion within five years. However, many people do not have access to affordable products, and regulatory agencies have stifled progress. The objective of a discussion group at the 2017 meeting of the International Scientific Association for Probiotics and Prebiotics was to identify mechanisms to confer the benefits of probiotics to a larger portion of the world’s population. Three initiatives, built around fermented food, were discussed with different methods of targeting populations that face enormous challenges of malnutrition, infectious disease, poverty and violent conflict. As new candidate probiotic strains emerge, and the market diversifies towards more personalised interventions, manufacturing processes will need to evolve. Information dissemination through scientific channels and social media is projected to provide consumers and healthcare providers with rapid access to clinical results, and to identify the nearest location of sites making new and affordable probiotic food and supplements. This rapid translation of science to individual well-being will not only expand the beneficiaries of probiotics, but also fuel new social enterprises and economic business models.
El retablo mayor de San Francisco de Bogotá: ampliación lateral y programa escultórico
Authors: Gila Medina Lázaro
Published: May 2018

Se documenta la ampliación del retablo mayor de la iglesia de San Francisco de Bogotá por los laterales de su capilla mayor, fijando su cronología y sus autores, y se reflexiona sobre la vertebración de su programa iconográfico y su materialización escultórica.
Method of Association Rules Mining and Its Application in Analysis of Seawater Samples
Authors: Sun Qiuhong , Xu Xinhang , Liu Yonghong , Zhang Hongtao
Published: May 2018

This paper aims to set up new rules for processing seawater quality monitoring data collected by photoelectric sensor network, and mine out the useful information contained in the data. For this purpose, the immune algorithm was introduced to the classical genetic algorithm, the fitness function was designed, and the crossover and mutation probabilities were adjusted, thus creating the adaptive immune genetic algorithm (IIGA). The new algorithm was described in details and applied in an actual case. Through the comparison between the IIGA, IGA and apriori algorithms, the author concluded that the IIGA not only shortened the mining time, but also ensured the operation accuracy. The research findings are of great importance to the association rules mining in various fields.
A Wireless Sensor Network-Based Defence Model against Selective Forwarding Attack
Authors: Ji Yun
Published: May 2018

Due to low communication costs and convenient deployment, wireless sensor network has been widely applied in various fields. However, it still has some problems in the defence against selective forwarding attacks. To address these problems, this paper proposes a model against selective forwarding attacks, which is built on the threshold secret sharing mechanism and adopts the individualized path routing protocol. Through simulation test, this paper studies the effects of attack intensity on the successful transmission rate and communication load under the same network deployment and communication topology but at different node densities and average neighbourhood degrees. The results show that this model can effectively defend against forwarding attacks, also saves communication resource, offering a technical reference for similar studies.
Design of a Precision Agriculture Leakage Seeding System Based on Wireless Sensors
Authors: Zheng Jiaxin , Yang Wencai
Published: May 2018

In light of the agricultural development in China, more attention has been paid to the studies about precision agriculture. The environmental factors such as temperature-humidity and soil humidity are the key influencing factors on crop growth, therefore, how to rapidly and accurately acquire the environmental information of crop growth and learn about their real-time growing environment is of vital importance. The wireless sensor networks (WSN) can make real-time environmental information acquisition as well as communication and processing of network environmental data. Based on this, the RSSI range-based positioning method was optimized in this paper in order to greatly improve its precision. To be specific, in this study, the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm was firstly applied in the hybrid mutation strategy to make more accurate node positioning and significantly improve the evolutionary performance by enlarging the hunting zone; besides, through the use of WSN, the influencing parameters on crop growth such as soil humidity, and temperature-humidity etc. would be monitored; finally, to realize the precise location and derive the unseeded nodes, GPS was applied for accurate positioning, and the intelligence algorithm was adopted to determine the coordinate position of unknown nodes. At last, the actual field test indicates that the designed monitoring system in this paper satisfies the requirements for precise measurement, playing a positive role in promoting the development of precision agriculture.
Introduction : Grammaticalité et annotations de corpus d’anglais oral – perspectives et problèmes
Authors: Hancil Sylvie
Published: May 2018

Réfléchir sur le système d’une langue, c’est réfléchir sur la grammaire qui la régit en tenant compte des exemples recevables et non recevables par le locuteur d’une langue parlée. Cet article défend la position qu’il n’existe pas de grammaticalité puisqu’aucun linguiste n’a jamais réussi à établir une frontière entre le grammatical et l’agrammatical. On se pose la question de savoir ce qu’est la grammaire puis on étend notre champ d’étude au domaine de l’oral, en particulier aux problèmes pour l’annotation de corpus d’anglais oral que sont le taggage des mots, les réparations langagières, les constructions Markoviennes, les distinctions logiques, l’usage non standard, la différence dialectale et les erreurs de performance.
Ungrammaticality and descriptive adequacy in English pronunciation: the case of syncope
Authors: Turcsan Gabor
Published: May 2018

Cet article contribue à la compréhension de la grammaire d’un sous-ensemble des alternances voyelle–zéro en anglais, à travers les résultats d’une enquête phonologique descriptive sur le statut de la syncope en anglais parlé contemporain. Le corpus comprend 15 heures de conversations informelles de 30 locuteurs de trois variétés d’anglais (Californie, Lancashire et Ayrshire) et la lecture d’un texte avec 40 mots trisyllabiques incluant des sites potentiels de syncope. L’analyse quantitative des données montre que presque la moitié des syncopes produites par nos locuteurs sont considérées comme agrammaticales par les dictionnaires de prononciation. Le but de l’article est de comprendre comment un tel décalage est possible entre la grammaire descriptive et l’usage, en se focalisant sur des cas problématiques. Une analyse qualitative indique des régularités de surface intéressantes : la chute de la voyelle n’entraîne pas de resyllabification, par conséquent, il n’y a pas de destruction de la structure sous-jacente. Les locuteurs semblent adhérer au principe de la monotonicité et laissent des traces phonétiques fines pour marquer la non-adjacence, aidant ainsi l’interlocuteur à reconstruire la forme pleine. La grammaire traditionnelle semble ne pas incorporer la notion des noyaux vides et la non-adjacence sous-jacente, alors que les locuteurs les intègrent parfaitement dans leur système.
Business Strategies and Disruptive Technologies
Authors: Martínez-Vergara Sucet Jimena , Valls-Pasola Jaume
Published: May 2018

This chapter presents key issues taken from the review of existing literature on disruptive technologies and their importance for successful business strategies. The review is done within the framework of the disruptive innovation theory. The chapter covers an historical overview of the topic from the precursors to the most recent developments as well as an analysis of its predictive side. It also finds out whether the theory allows for the development of business models. Last section is devoted to the identification of strategies that are applicable in technological disruptive innovations and discusses relevant issues to develop such strategies. Disruptive innovations are widely recognized as key engines for competitive advantage, so it is important for companies to recognize the opportunities that emerge from developing disruptive technological innovations.
Safe Distances
Authors: Hai-Jew Shalin
Published: May 2018

Online human-to-human (and human-to-robot) hyper-personal relationships have evolved over the years, and their prevalence has broadened the available cyberattack surfaces. With the deployment of malicious socialbots on social media in the virtual and AI-informed embodied socialbots in the real, human interests in socializing have become more fraught and risky. Based on the research literature, abductive reasoning from in-world experiences, and analogical analysis to project into the Fourth Industrial Revolution, this work suggests the importance of greater awareness of the risks in interrelating in the virtual and the real and suggests that there are no safe distances.
Multiscale Modelling of Daily Suspended Sediment Load Using MEMD-SLR Coupled Approach
Authors: S. Adarsh , Reddy M. Janga
Published: May 2018

Modelling suspended sediment load (SSL) from rivers is a complex problem in river basin management. This chapter presents hybrid framework multivariate empirical mode decomposition (MEMD) and stepwise linear regression (SLR) for estimation of SSL from riverflows demonstrated to a case study in Mahanadi River Basin, India. The method involves two major steps: first, the multivariate dataset comprising SSL of current time along with lagged inputs of streamflow and SSL are decomposed into different modes using MEMD; then, the obtained modes are estimated independently by SLR fitting engaging the statistically significant inputs at respective time scales. The sum of the predicted modes gives the desired SSL. The effectiveness of the presented method is evaluated for five models by considering different combinations of inputs, and their performance is compared with traditional multiple linear regression (MLR) and model tree (MT) models. The performance statistics of models showed that for estimation of SSL, the MEMD-SLR approach performs better than MLR and MT models.
Development of Women-Led Micro and Small Enterprises in Indonesia
Authors: Tambunan Tulus T. H.
Published: May 2018

This chapter aims to examine the development of women entrepreneurs in Indonesia with the focus on their personal motivations or initial reasons to own businesses and their main constraints in doing business. The chapter is based on literature review, secondary data analysis from Indonesian National Statistics Agency (BPS) and some international/regional organizations, and a small field survey of women owning micro and small enterprises (MSEs) in the Greater Jakarta area. It reveals from the secondary data analysis that despite the growing number of women-led businesses, the gender gap in entrepreneurship in Indonesia still persists. Findings from the field survey show that many of the respondents run their own businesses as a means to survive, and limited access to finance is the most serious constraint faced by the respondents, caused by their lack of valuable assets as collateral. The results may potentially have profound impact on women entrepreneurship policy and equality policy.
Small Business Financing for Supporting SMEs in Indonesia
Authors: Suyono Eko , Takhar Amandeep , Chitakunye David
Published: May 2018

Small and medium enterprises (SMEs) are the main pillars of a country economy, especially within developing countries. These types of businesses have existed since the Dutch colonial era. However, their existence is now threatened due to the rapid expansion of modern businesses that have spread into rural areas of Indonesia. Therefore, SMEs are in dire need of government assistance from both central and local governments, from a financial and non-financial perspective. In order to strengthen the SMEs' capital, so that they are able to sustain their businesses, this chapter intends to propose a financing model for SMEs that could be given by the government through financial institutions, so that SMEs will be able to gain easy access to capital resources. In the other words, this condition is expected to give maximum support to the development of SMEs. As a result, the SMEs will contribute to eradicating unemployment and poverty by strengthening the economy of Indonesia.
Global Governance of Science
Authors: Sayamov Yury
Published: May 2018

This chapter draws attention to the role of education technologies within the entire issue of the global governance of science considered here to be of growing importance for the present world development. Introducing the notions of the global knowledge world and the knowledge society, the author presents the vision of the management of science as of an international task and one of development goals. He analyses the relationship of science and bureaucracy establishing a kind of a systematization for the decision-making process related to science and explains his point of view that the global governance of science could be based on the activities of international bodies and structures of intergovernmental nature (IIGOs), most importantly of UN and UNESCO, and of non-governmental character (INGOs). Taking into account various aspects of internal and external management of science, the author points out that the global management of science appears to be a life necessity due to the growing need to jointly search for global scientific responses to the global problems, new risks, and challenges that mankind is facing. In conclusion, some ideas are expressed and proposals given to foster the goal of the global governance of science.
Laparoscopic treatment of symptomatic simple renal cysts in children: single-center experience
Authors: Marte Antonio , Pintozzi Lucia
Published: May 2018

Simple renal cysts, although common in adults, are rare in children. They are usually discovered incidentally in the course of the study of other urinary tract symptoms, although they are not always asymptomatic. Renal cysts can be classified as being either simple or complex. The purpose of this review is to present our case series of simple symptomatic renal cysts treated with laparoscopy. Nineteen patients with symptomatic renal cysts (6 to 13.5 cm) were referred to our institution between January 2006 and January 2017. They comprised 12 (40.5%) females and seven (59.5%) males, aged 8 to 15, with a mean age of 12.2 years. Of these patients, nine had previously been treated unsuccessfully by ultrasound-guided aspiration/alcoholization with 95%-ethanol, between 9 and 13 months prior to the laparoscopy. Five patients had undergone one treatment and four had undergone two treatments. All of the patients were treated by laparoscopic threetrocar deroofing. The cysts were opened and the wall excised using scissors and a monopolar hook. In most cases, to better handle the edges of the cyst and obtain a better grip, a needle was used to aspirate a small amount of fluid (used for cytological examination). The wall of the cyst was excised, the cyst edges were sealed, and the perirenal fat was placed on the bottom of the cyst (wadding technique). The mean operating time was 95 minutes (range 50- 150). The postoperative course was uneventful for all of the patients. The hospital stay ranged from one to three days. All of the patients were asymptomatic following the treatment. At a mean follow-up time of 3.6 years, none of the patients had experienced a recurrence. Renal function, as assessed by a MAG3 renal scintigraphy scan, was well-preserved in all of the patients, and all of them undergo an annual ultrasound scan.
Participation in Christ’s body and his blood during celebration of Holy Communion as illuminated by the meaningful lenses of cognition and recognition
Authors: Kruger Ferdi P.
Published: May 2018

In this article, the author focusses on the importance and possible value of the concepts of cognition and recognition for reflection on what should actually happen during celebration of Holy Communion. The point of departure is that celebration, in essence, means that it should be a meaningful experience. The meaningfulness consists of the intriguing fact that participants are participating in Christ’s body and in his blood while celebrating Holy Communion. In celebrating Holy Communion, people are engaging in a ritual that involves interaction with a variety of symbols. The author offers perspectives based on a qualitative empirical study in which people expressed their views on what they actually experience when celebrating the sacrament of Holy Communion. The article adheres to Browning’s methodological insights. He describes research activity as ranging from description, to systemising (exploring practical wisdom and understanding), to strategising (practising strategic practical theology). The research problem is as follows: ‘Could cognisance of the lenses of cognition and recognition of the deeper message of Holy Communion enrich the conscious appropriation of salvation while celebrating the sacrament of Holy Communion?’ The research problem is addressed from the vantage point of understanding sacraments from a Reformed perspective. The concepts of cognition and recognition are highlighted in a brief historical description of what a sacrament is, taking into account the insights from social psychology regarding the essence of the concepts of cognition and recognition. The author further elaborates on the functioning of the concepts of cognition (phronesis) and recognition (anamnesis). In the last section of the article, the author utilises a hermeneutical interaction between descriptive and systemising perspectives to formulate strategies for how people’s experiences of participation in Holy Communion can be enriched through the meaningful lenses of cognition and recognition.
Resuscitating myth: Hollywood, Big History and transdisciplinary theology
Authors: Loubser Gys M. , Du Toit Calvyn C.
Published: May 2018

Expanding our description of liturgy as an organisation of technics structuring desire, we describe the accompanying myth as a technic of knowing. Drawing on transdisciplinary theology, developed from the work of Wentzel van Huyssteen, Paul Cilliers and Alfonso Montuori, we engage the cross-disciplinary construction of scientific myth by Big Historians. We argue that myth, as a transversal technic of knowing, is abundant in many spheres of our lives and bridges what Bernard Stiegler calls the persistent minimal gap between humanity and technics. Can Big Historians offer such a bridge and what does it mean when scientists use technicities developed by religious practitioners?