bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Supporting community-based mangrove forest management as Essential Ecosystem Area in Sungai Pakning, Riau
Authors: Christian Y , Budiman M K , Purwanto W , Damar A
Published: May 2021

Out of fifty established Essential Ecosystem Area up to 2020, six are located on mangrove forest. To support the government target’s achievement of ecological representative protection, at once to enhance the conservation of coastal environment and resources, what has been initiated by Pertamina RU II Sungai Pakning, communities of seven coastal villages on Bukit Batu district, and various actors to rehabilitate and conserve the environment need to be supported through the improvement status as one of wetland type of Essential Ecosystem Area (EEA). Apart from its biological diversity and the carbon stock potentials, this 281.86 hectares of mangrove forest has been developed as an integrated coastal management site which is integrating coastal disaster risk mitigation, protection of mangrove-based biodiversity, wise utilization of wetland through inland aquaculture, education-purpose tourism, the environmental-based communities institutionalization, and as a coastal resources-based alternative livelihood. The result shows that Sungai Pakning Mangrove Forest meets the indication of the essential area from the uniqueness, biodiversity, existing governance, and utilization aspects. The improvement status as Essential Ecosystem Area expectedly also improve the quality of coastal management and promote the wider collaborative management, and encourage sustainable utilization by communities surround mangrove forest.
Algae bloom phenomenon in Jakarta Bay as symptoms of severe eutrophication: Monitoring results of 2014-2016
Authors: Damar A , Prismayanti A D , Rudianto B Y , Ramli A , Kurniawan F
Published: May 2021

Algae bloom is one of the symptoms of eutrophication process in an estuary, causing in some ecological and societal problems for the aquatic environments and human activities. Algae blooms observation was conducted in the dry season period between 2014 to 2016, in an eutrophic embayment of Jakarta Bay, Indonesia. Observations were made by conducting transect-boat survey and plankton sampling once the bloom was observed. Samples of chlorophyll-a and net plankton were taken and measured in the laboratory for phytoplankton biomass analysis, cell counting, and identification of bloom-forming species. In the 3 consecutive years of observation, the most frequent bloom-forming species observed were Skeletonema costatum, Pseudonitzschia Spp., and Noctiluca scintillans, The most frequent location of the blooms observed was in the inner part of the bay, in the area in front of Marunda, Ancol and Angke. Phytoplankton biomass during the bloom events were ranged between 126.3 to 232.3 μg Chl-a L−1, with the highest was in 2015 of during the Skeletonema costatum bloom. Blooms were also observed but in low frequency and low biomass at the middle part of the bay off Marunda coastline area. Cell phytoplankton counting were ranged from 1.139 ϗ 106 cell L−1 to 7.893 ϗ 106 cell L−1. During period of surveys, there was no mass mortality of fishes were detected.
Eutrophication in a tropical estuary: Is it good or bad?
Authors: Damar A , Ervinia A , Kurniawan F , Rudianto B Y
Published: May 2021

Coastal eutrophication is defined as the increase of rate of organic supply into an estuary. In the recent global discussion, eutrophication is seen as a negative situation, in fact, it has positive impacts such as increase in primary production which lead to the increase of fisheries production and hence, community income. This paper promotes a simple diagram called eutrophication-benefit curve which correlates between levels of eutrophication and its benefits to both ecological and economical aspects. In the beginning of eutrophication process, environment gets benefit from the increase of the nutritional state of the water which leads to the increase of primary production and fisheries production. This is obvious in the comparison between northern and southern coast waters of Java Island, showing a higher primary production and phytoplankton biomass and hence fisheries production in the northern coast waters of Java compared to those of the southern coast waters of Java. However, the rapid increase of eutrophication level of the northern coast waters of Java Island causes eutrophication negative effects such as oxygen depletion, algae bloom and disturbance of coral reef ecosystems. This paper shows the optimum level of eutrophication level that can give benefit to both ecological and social environment.
The community structure of intertidal macrozoobenthos on muddy substrate in Lubuk Damar, Aceh Tamiang, Indonesia
Authors: Darmarini A S , Wardiatno Y , Prartono T , Soewardi K , Zainuri M
Published: May 2021

Large intertidal areas with varying texture percentages may influence the composition, presence, and abundance of macrozoobenthos. This study aims to determine the community structure of benthic animals on muddy substrates at various distances, from January until November 2017. This study used the line transect method with the following variations in site: A: 0-100 m, B: 101-200 m, C: 201-300 m, D: 301-400 m and E: 401-500, with 10 replications. 11 phyla were found in the research location, namely Annelida, Platyhelminthes, Nematoda, Pogonophora, Sipuncula, Brachiopoda, Nemertina, Mollusca, Arthropoda, Cnidaria, and Echinodermata. Phylum Sipuncula dominated 93% compared to the 10 other families. The macrozoobenthos density at each sampling distance and time were significantly different. Additionally, the highest abundance was 12,187 ind/m2, while the lowest was 500 ind/m2. The diversity index ranged from 1.1 to 4.4, dominance between 0.1 to 0.7, and evenness between 0.2 - 0.9, respectively. At each observed distance, there were differences in type and number of macrozoobenthos, which was assumed to be caused by the different percentages of texture substrate at each sampling point. Furthermore, texture types with average compositions of 57% sand, 30% silt, and 12% clay had a higher diversity index than the other percentages’ composition.
Pollution source of Cileungsi-Cikeas-Bekasi River
Authors: Effendi H , Prayoga G , Azhar A R , Azhar R
Published: May 2021

Sources of pollutants in the Cileungsi-Cikeas-Bekasi River Basin were inventoried, through data from the district’s Environmental Agency where the three rivers cross. Pollutant sources were also determined based on searches in the form of type, number, and location, using google maps and google earth. The search results are mapped by applying ArcGIS. The aim of the research was to determine land-based source of pollution entering the river. The types and sources of pollutants vary greatly in terms of type, location, and number. In the three river basins, it is known that there were 413 industrial sectors, 538 restaurants, 457 housing complexes, 80 hospitals, 92 hotels, 53 shopping centers, 37 livestock, 147 small and medium sized entities (SMEs), and 59 domestic. The source of pollutants entering the Cikeas River was dominated by housing complexes. The source of pollutants entering the Cileungsi River was dominated by industry. Meanwhile, the sources of pollutants entering Bekasi River were mostly shopping centers, hotels, hospitals, and restaurants.
Pollution Index of Cileungsi-Cikeas-Bekasi River
Authors: Effendi H , Prayoga G , Azhar A R , Permadi T , Santoso E N
Published: May 2021

Water quality data of the Cileungsi-Cikeas-Bekasi River (survey results and monitoring data) were analyzed using the Pollution Index (IP) according to the calculation guidelines listed in the Ministry of Environment Decree No. 115 of 2003 concerning Guidelines for Determining Water Quality Status. The goal was to determine the status of the quality or level of river water pollution. The quality standard used in the calculation refers to the class II quality standard based on the West Java Governor Regulation No. 12 of 2013 concerning Water Quality Standards and Water Pollution Control in Cimanuk River, Cilamaya River, and Bekasi River. The PI value of the Cileungsi River shows that the quality status of the Cileungsi River was in moderate pollution, except in the upstream part (good condition). Status of Cikeas River water quality was still in good condition, except in the downstream segment (light pollution). Based on data from the 2019 survey and monitoring of Environmental Agency (DLH) of Bekasi City in the second semester of 2018, the water quality status of Bekasi River is moderate pollution in all segments.
Effect of heterotrophic bacteria on the growth of tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) cultivated in brackish water
Authors: Effendi I , Feliatra F , Emrinelson T , Siregar I A , Adelina A
Published: May 2021

Tilapia is a commercial fish cultivated in both fresh water and seawater frequently attacked by pathogenic bacteria. Some bacteria have become probiotics and help overcome this problem. This study aimed to examined the effect of heterotrophic bacteria administration on survival rate and absolute weight growth of the fish, heterotrophic bacterial population growth and the water quality. The study used a factorial experimental design a x b, where a factor was the method of administering heterotrophic bacteria and b factor was the species of isolate used. Factor a consists of an introduction to fish via feed (a1) and via water test media (a2). Factor b consisted of b1 (diet without heterotrophic bacterial treatment), b2 (diet with heterotrophic bacterial isolate J), b3 (diet with heterotrophic bacterial isolate N), b4 (diet with heterotrophic bacterial combined isolates B, C, D, J (Vagococcus fluvialis), H, N; Bacillus cereus). The fishes were reared in a 60 l container. Administering via a feed of heterotrophic bacteria showed no significant effect to survival rate of tilapia. While administering via water showed a significant influence on the survival rate. Both administration methods caused a better absolute growth rate. However, administration of the bacteria did not affect the heterotrophic bacterial populations in the water.
Resources dynamics impact to fishers’ resilience
Authors: Hafsaridewi R , Sulistiono  , Koeshendrajana S , Sutrisno D , Fahrudin A
Published: May 2021

Fishers residing in small islands are heavily dependent on the surrounding resources. The dynamics of these resources influence the fishers’ level of resilience. The purpose of this study is to analyze the correlation between the fishers’ resilience and available resources using a dynamic model. The method used is dynamic system analysis. The research site is located in is Karimunjawa islands, Central Java, Indonesia. The primary data collection was conducted between March-April 2018. The dynamic model consists of ecological and economical subsystems. The findings show that fishers’ resilience experienced a downward trend yearly. Based on the simulation of resources dynamic on the Karimunjawa islands, changes in resource conditions forced fishers to adapt to ongoing changes. The dynamics of marine and fishery resources in the Karimunjawa Islands have forced the fishers to adapt to the changing conditions. The adaptation made is that fishermen change their fishing grounds, especially as they adopted a new technology of GPS and fishfinder. Efforts can be made to improve the fishers’ resilience by increasing their productivity and fishing results. It can be achieved by improving the fishers’ capacity through training programs to improve their fishing skills.
Distribution of Matuta purnama J. C. Y. Lai & Galil, 2007 (Brachyura: Matutidae) outside type locality
Authors: Hanim N , Wardiatno Y , Perwitasari D , Suman A , Parlindungan D , Farajallah A
Published: May 2021

Matuta (Moon Crab) belongs to superfamily of Calappoidae which inhabit the sandy beach area. There are four species of Matuta which can be found in Indonesia, one of them is Matuta Purnama. The latest report, despite Indonesia, has long coastlines, showed that the distribution area of this species is only in Batu Karas Beach, Pangandaran Regency. This study reported the new distribution areas of M. Purnama in Indonesia. The organism samples were collected using the purposive sampling method in 21 sampling sites and preserved in 96% of alcohol solution. The identification process were conducted based on Lai and Galil, 2007. There were four new distribution area of M. Purnama, which are Panjang Beach (west coast of South Sumatra), Bayah Beach, Karanghawu Beach, and Pangandaran Beach (south coast of Java). In other sampling sites, M. purnama have not been found, but the other Matutas pecies, M. victor, and M. planipes were found. This situation might be influenced by many factors, such as season and sea current, etc. This study was expected to be useful for conservation and management.
Ectoparasites of blue swimming crabs (Portunus pelagicus) from Demak and East Lampung, Java Sea Indonesia
Authors: Heirina A , Krisanti M , Butet N A , Wardiatno Y , Köpper S , Hakim A A , Kleinertz S
Published: May 2021

Ectoparasites that infest Portunus pelagicus can have negative impacts on host health. This study aims to determine the infection patterns of ectoparasites of P. pelagicus, such as prevalences, intensities, and (mean) abundances in relation to its pathogenic impacts. A total of 93 crabs were sampled from fishermen in Demak and East Lampung from October 2019 to January 2020. Seven ectoparasite species, Chelonibia testudinaria (Crustacea), Dianajonesia tridens (Crustacea), Octolasmis angulata, O. lowei, O. warwicki (Crustacea), Ostrea puelchana (Mollusca) and Thompsonia sp. (Crustacea) were isolated. In Demak the ectoparasite with the highest prevalence was O. angulata of 81% with an intensity of 315. In East Lampung, C. testudinaria had the highest prevalence of 88% but with low intensity of 62. Both parasite species can have health impacts on their host, such as enhanced vulnerability to predators for C. testudinaria or reduced oxygen uptake for O. angulata. A total of 20,540 specimens of Thompsonia sp. were found within the East Lampung samples. This species can have a negative effect on their host’s reproduction system. In the future, this knowledge will support enhanced sustainable use of this commercially important crab species and will increase our understanding of health impacts of ectoparasites on P. pelagicus.
Application of radiotelemetry in tracking the movement of mahseer fish (Tor spp.) in Batang Toru River, North Sumatera Province Indonesia
Authors: Hestirianoto T , Sulistiono  , Wildan D M , Simanjuntak C P H , Rahardjo M F , Syafruddin D , Nugroho T , Ismanto A J
Published: May 2021

Mahseer fish or tor fish (Tor sp.) are fish that migrate from upstream to downstream or vice versa. Knowing the habitat of Mahseer fish will provide information on how to manage these fish. The purpose of this study was to apply radiotelemetry to determine the migration of Tor fish (Tor sp.). This research was conducted in the Batang Toru River, North Sumatra. This research was conducted by attaching a tracking device to the Mahseer fish (Tor sp.) After which it was observed for 2 months. The results of this study indicate that there is an up and down movement as far as 300 meters from the release location of Mahseer fish. The conclusion of the use of radiotelemetry can be used to determine the area of the cage fish (Tor sp.).
The characteristic of neritic tuna fisheries in the Java Sea and adjacent water
Authors: Hidayat T , Boer M , Kamal M M , Zairion  , Suman A
Published: May 2021

Neritic tuna is an important fishery commodity in the Java Sea, however, the availability of data and information on the fisheries characteristics is still limited. The study was conducted in 2018. Data was collected by researchers with the help of enumerators who monitoring and collecting data from the fishermen. The method used is direct observation at the study site and interviews with fishermen. This study aims to analyze information fishery characteristics in catch, catch per unit effort (CPUE), catch composition, fishing grounds, fishing season. The results show that neritic tuna in Java Sea caught by purse seine, mini purse seine, drift gillnet, and encircling gill net. The annual catch and CPUE of neritic tuna are still fluctuating. This tuna neritic fishery condition was showed that has not been overfishing. Catch composition of purse seine and mini purse seine dominated by small pelagic seine while catch composition drifts gill net and encircling gill net dominated by neritic tuna. The fishing ground around west of Karimun island, while purse seine from west of Bawean, Masalembu and around Matasiri island. Fishing seasons are April to May and October to December.
Macrozoobenthos community structure in the Urban Lake-Situ Cikaret, West Java
Authors: Imroatushshoolikhah  , Sudarso J , Ibrahim A , Hafizha H U , Rohaningsih D , Sari L
Published: May 2021

Situ Cikaret is an urban lake that suffers from anthropogenic activities. The macrozoobenthos community has been used to examine the inland water ecosystem. However, there is finite information about macrozoobenthos in Situ Cikaret urban lake. The research aims to study the macrozoobenthos community structure in Cikaret urban lake. Samples were taken in March and April 2019 in five sites using Ekman Grab and identification was in the Research Center for Limnology LIPI. CAP-6 for ANOVA-Similarity (ANOSIM) is used to analyze the similarity within the community, whereas MVSP 3.22 for Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA) to find the relation between macrozoobenthos and the environment. Water quality including temperature, pH, conductivity, total dissolved solids (TDS), oxidation reduction potential (ORP), depth, clarity, turbidity, dissolved oxygen (DO), and total suspended solids (TSS) was measured. Ten groups have been found, namely Chironomidae, Coleoptera, Tubificidae, Naididae, Glossiphoniidae, Viviparidae, Thiariidae, Ampullariidae, Planorbidae, Corbiculidae. The predominant family was Tubificidae (9,525 individual/m2). ANOSIM shows no significant difference in similarity (p>0,05) between locations. A linear correlation shows between diversity index and DO, pH, turbidity, and water temperature. CCA shows the abundance of Tubificidae, Chironomidae, Viviparidae, Ampullaridae, Planorbidae, Corbiculidae has a tendency towards the temperature, pH, ORP, turbidity, DO, TDS, depth.
Diversity, density, and Importance Value Index of mangroves in the Segara Anakan lagoon and its surrounding area, Cilacap Regency, Indonesia
Authors: Ismail  , Sulistiono  , Hariyadi S , Madduppa H
Published: May 2021

Coastal mangrove forest habitats in the Segara Anakan Lagoon have become an important area for estuarine fisheries which should be preserved for sustainability. This study aims to analyze diversity, density, and the importance value index of the mangrove in the area. The method used was a plot and path (combination method). To conduct this study, the nine purposely sampled stations ranged from the western Segara Anakan Lagoon to the eastern mangrove area adjacent to the Donan River. The nine station was grouped into 3 (three areas) namely; Mangrove Eastern Area (river influence), Mangrove Middle Area, Mangrove Western Area (seawater influence. The results show the average mangrove density overall stations were dominated by seedlings with 39881 individuals/ha with fraction 75%, followed by saplings with 12311 individuals/ha (23%), and tree category with 711 individuals/ha (1%). Because of the average mangrove density of tree category less than 1000 trees/ha so, the mangrove forest in the Segara Anakan Lagoon and its surrounding area was categorized to be damaged. Meanwhile, the highest Importance Value Index (IVI) was at 221 for R. apiculata and at 220 for Sonneratia caseolaris for all stations.
Finding of nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (Cichliformes: Cichlidae) in Georgia, the South Caucasus
Authors: Kuljanishvili T , Epitashvili G , Japoshvili B , Patoka J , Kalous L
Published: May 2021

Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus, 1758) is a fish from the family Cichlidae, native to Sub-Saharan Africa. Nile tilapia is one of the most cultured freshwater fish species worldwide and because of its commercial value and well-developed aquaculture technologies, it has been introduced to many countries. Nile tilapia also has become invasive in areas of suitable climate when escaped from aquaculture facilities to the wild. Georgia is the country in the Ponto-Caspian region situated on the southern slopes of the Great Caucasus eastwards from the Black Sea coast. Due to its very variable landscape, the climate of Georgia fluctuates from cold mountainous to humid subtropical type. Here we present the finding of Oreochromis niloticus in freshwaters of eastern Georgia for the first time, with the discussion of risk assessment with the climate suitability for potential establishment.
Seasonal variation of marine debris at Manado Bay (North Sulawesi, Indonesia)
Authors: Lasut M T , Pane L R , Doda D V D , Kumurur V A , Warouw V , Mamuaja J M
Published: May 2021

Marine debris has become a global concern due to its impact on marine ecosystems. These materials generally come from land and are deposited to marine environment through different agent of carrier. Many efforts are being made to monitor the dynamics of the debris including their presence and their variability in relation to seasons. The latter are assumed from the facts that the presence of the debris is mainly affected by the waves, speed, and direction of ocean currents in the area of interest. In this study, variation of debris in dry and wet season at Manado Bay was assessed by using a shoreline technique. Two locations are selected, Bailang and Malalayang beach. The samplings were conducted in August 2019 (represent dry season) and January 2020 (represent wet season). Several parameters are examined during the sampling; they are: amount of material, type of debris, composition, and spatial density of each type for macro-size (>2.5 cm) and meso-size (0.5–2.5 cm). The results showed that there was variation on composition and density, but the types of debris remain unchanged. Our present study concluded that variation in the season do not affect the variability of marine debris in Manado Bay.
Modern methods of genetic sampling of aquatic organisms
Authors: Marková J , Yonvitner  , Patoka J
Published: May 2021

Genetics is a promptly developing scientific field. As the genetic methods are evolving, so are sampling procedures. Originally, most of the sampling approaches were severely harming for the subjects, but with improving techniques, a small piece of tissue is enough for the analysis. Currently, it is possible to obtain the sample without damaging the subject. A sampling of aquatic organisms, mainly those occurring in lower population densities, can be quite complicated. That complicates the early detection of biological invasions, however, with modern methods this problem could be solved. One of such methods is eDNA which allows us to obtain genetic information without direct contact with the target organisms. It is important to assess the advantages and disadvantages when considering the best method for specific research questions in accordance to specific field conditions.
Biodiversity of macroinvertebrate in artificial substrate from several habitats at Ponelo Island, Gorontalo
Authors: Mashar A , Firdaussyia A P N , Krisanti M , Hakim A A
Published: May 2021

Ponelo Island is located at the North Gorontalo District, Province Gorontalo, with a position close to the Wallace line. The impact of the position makes Ponelo Island having high biodiversity, such as macroinvertebrates. This study aimed to compare the biodiversity of macroinvertebrates living in artificial substrates form anthropogenic, seagrass, mangrove, and coral reefs habitat at Ponelo Island, Gorontalo. This study was conducted from August to October 2019 in four different habitats at Ponelo Island. The specimens were identified at the Laboratory of Micro Biology, Department of Aquatic Resources Management, IPB University. The data were analyzed by calculating the diversity index, evenness index, dominance index, similarity analysis among habitats, and ANOVA test. The macroinvertebrate samples from all stations were found in 58 species, consisting of phylum Annelids, Crustaceans, and Molluscs. The diversity value of macroinvertebrate in seagrass and coral reef habitats is higher and vice versa the association level is lower than in other habitats. Acetes sp., Clypeomorus bifasciata, and Sesarma sp. were obtained in all locations. The placement of the artificial substrate had no significant effect on the density of macroinvertebrates in all habitats.
Assessing Bali sardine stock status using real-time electronic catch landing data recorder and time series catch database
Authors: Natsir M , Anggawangsa R , Wada M
Published: May 2021

Digitalization of capture fisheries data becomes inevitable in the present and future time. The use of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in the fisheries sector is widely applied, creating a bigger and better database. Development of the database offers the utilization of Big Data and Decision Support System (DSS) to provide robust analysis, simulate better scenarios, formulate recommendations, and propose management measures to support successful fisheries management in achieving sustainability and profitability objectives. Bali Strait sardine stock estimation has been conducted several times through several approaches and techniques. This study will combine the available times series catch and effort data from published statistic landing data and publications with real-time data from electronic catch monitoring in Muncar and Pengambengan fishing port. The sardine stock and fishery status estimation were analyzed using a stock-production model incorporating covariates (ASPIC), a Nonequilibrium surplus-production model to data on fish catch and relative abundance. Another purpose of this study is to increase stakeholder participation through a smart dashboard system that enables automatic data analysis, faster recommendations socialization, and engagement. Increased stakeholder participation in fisheries management will be a crucial factor in achieving operational and successful fisheries management.
Morphometric and growth responses of Enhalus acoroides seedlings under carbon dioxide enrichment: An experimental assessment
Authors: Nugraha A H , Zahra A , Khafsar K , Almahdi S
Published: May 2021

It is predicted that the concentration of carbon dioxide in the ocean will continue to increase. This phenomenon certainly has an impact on the sustainability of the marine ecosystem, including the seagrass ecosystem. This study aims to determine the effect of carbon dioxide on the morphometrics and growth of E. acoroides seedling. This study was an experimental study where the seeds from the fruit were grown in a controlled environment for two months. There are two treatments, first treatment with the addition of carbon dioxide and second treatment without the addition of carbon dioxide. The results of this study indicate that there is significant result from the two treatments given. Seagrass seeds that grow on treatment with carbon dioxide gas generally have shorter morphological characteristics as well as their growth.
Coral reef ecosystems condition prediction after tsunami based on previous reef fish community structure and benthic coverage surveillance on Sumur, Banten
Authors: Prabowo B , Kurniawan F , Bramandito A , Darus R F , Wicaksono R Z , Amin M A Al , Solihin A , Damar A
Published: May 2021

Patterns of community structure within coral reefs ecosystems are strongly influenced by a catastrophe such as a tsunami. Sumur is one of the coastal regions affected the most by the Banten Tsunami in December 2018. This research aims to predict coral reef ecosystem conditions after a tsunami based on the reef fish community structure and benthic coverage in the previous month. The research was conducted on every island around Sumur coastal region. Reef fish specimens were sampled using underwater visual census, and benthic coverage was taken with quadrats for Coral Point Count Estimation (CPCe). Overall coral condition assessed by conservation value determined through coral morphology. The highest coral coverage was found in Sumur, Southwest Oar, and North Badul. Nearly all sites have a high diversity reef fish community, with the highest abundance and species richness found in West Umang and North Badul. Badul island, Mangir island, and Cigorondong were categorized as the locations with coral reef ecosystems with the highest stress-tolerators. Most areas with this high stress-tolerator are predominated by coral massive and sub-massive and have higher endurance than other sites. Post-catastrophe, reef fishes will shift to the sites where most coral reef-building has survived, especially reef fishes with territorial behaviour.
Heavy metal (Pb, Hg, Cu) contamination level in sediment and water in Segara Anakan Lagoon, Cilacap, Indonesia
Authors: Prayoga G , Hariyadi S , Sulistiono  , Effendi H
Published: May 2021

Segara Anakan lagoon in Indonesia receives a variety of contaminants from numerous and various human activities. One of these was heavy metals, which were dangerous pollutants and will accumulate in the environment. This study aimed to determine the heavy metals content in sediment and water in the Segara Anakan lagoon. Those data were then scrutinized, whether they were toxic to the aquatic biota. Sampling was conducted at six observation stations every month. The heavy metals content was compared to the quality standard (set out by CCME and ANZECC & ARMCANZ for sediment, and the Decree of the Minister of Environment Number 51 of 2004 for water). The heavy metals in sediments were below the minimum limit (Pb (30.2; 50.0), Hg (0.13; 0.15), Cu (18.7; 65.0), all in mg.kg−1 units), except Cu showing higher value than quality standard at one observation. Other results, Pb and Cu in water, showed exceeding the quality standard (both were 0.008 mg/l). However, it was still within safe limits for most types of aquatic biotas. Overall, the three types of heavy metals in sediment were safe for aquatic biotas, while in water, only Hg can be clearly stated that it was safe.
Length based spawning potential ratio of indian scad (Decapterus russeli, Rupell, 1928) in the South China Sea
Authors: Priatna A , Boer M , Kurnia R , Yonvitner
Published: May 2021

Spawning Potential Ratio (SPR) could be used to investigate stock indicators in terms of data-limited fisheries assessment. This study was aimed to assess the Length-based SPR of Indian scad (Decapterus russelli) in South China Sea. The length-frequency data were collected from 2015 to 2019, with approximately 250 fish sampled monthly. Fish samples were obtained from the catch of purse seiner which landed at Pemangkat fishing port. LB-SPR model required length-frequency and life history parameters i.e growth and maturity. The parameters L∞ K, M, L50, and L95 were 23.92 cm, 0.60 year-1, 1.00, 15.80, and 22.00 respectively. The estimated LB-SPR from static life-history parameters was 41%, while the stochastic SPR about 22% with a wide confidence interval, due to uncertainty of L∞ and K. According to the LB-SPR model considering the uncertainty, the estimated stochastic SPR is more acceptable in the condition of poor data. Besides, the high fishing pressure (F/M>1) indicated that SPR was lower than the target reference point (40%). However, in terms of the length at first capture (SL50) was greater than a length at first maturity (L50), it should be a consideration to estimate the SPR. Therefore, SPR was determined by 20%-40% or stock status on fully-exploited.
Coastal resources degradation in Tangerang, Banten Province: State and management action
Authors: Prismayanti A D , Mulyana D , AlAmin M A , Kurniawan F , Damar A , Budiman M A K , Gunawan B , Mahardika S M H
Published: May 2021

Coastal degradation can be determined as mangrove destruction and water quality degradation. Erosion and accretion are the impacts of mangrove destruction in coastal areas. Ecosystem condition and coastal environment destruction were analyzed in Tangerang coastal areas. Soil, mangrove vegetation, and water quality analysis were carried out in this study. Soil quality was analyzed descriptively. Mangrove vegetation and water quality were analyzed with the Important Value Index and STORET Index, respectively. The results indicated that the coastal of Tangerang is damaged both in terms of mangrove and water quality. The causal analysis showed that the damage to the coastal environment in Tangerang is largely influenced by the high amount of plastic, domestic, and industrial waste. Management recommendations that can be carried out on the coast of Tangerang are silvofishery management and mangrove planting right behind the wave breaker.
Management strategy of freshwater eels (Anguilla spp.) based on socio-economic influence in Cimandiri River
Authors: Putra M D , Effendi H , Kamal M M , Taryono
Published: May 2021

Cimandiri River is highly potential for freshwater eel resources in Sukabumi Regency. The high exploitation rate on this eel combined with anthropogenic impacts cause a considerable threat to the sustainability of eel fisheries in the river. This study aims to analyze the socio-economic impact of the freshwater eel fisheries and its implementation in managing this fishery in Cimandiri River. Research data was based on in depth interview conducted in July 2020 and largely supported by secondary data for determine environmental quality. Data analysis was performed using scoring and swot methods. The results that environmental quality in the river remains in good quality for the growth of eels. Freshwater eel fishing is based on several motives, including being the main catch of fishermen, supporting the economy of the community around the river, and as a hobby for fishermen upstream. Eel main fishermen only depend on the economic chain of eel fishery resources, so that skills training is needed to increase their capacity. Stakeholders have the strength and opportunity in making policies and developing human resources for support the sustainability of eel fisheries in the Cimandiri River.
Feeding habit of Strombus canarium in Tanjung Sebauk Bintan Island, Indonesia
Authors: Putra R D , Saputra R , Karlina I , Nugraha A H , Idris F , Suhana M P , Febrianto T , Anggraeni R , Putra I P , Koenawan C J
Published: May 2021

Several species of marine gastropod mollusk used by the community as economical food commodities, including the Strombus canarium was found in the Tanjung Sebauk, Bintan Island. The S. canarium diet as a deposit feeder significantly affects the consumption of the biota food varieties. Until now, there was limited information related to the classification of food consumed by S. canarium. Environmental factors affect S. canarium habitat substantially by providing a food source that is absorbed and influences the growth of S. canarium. Resettlement and restaurant activities in coastal areas affect changes in environmental conditions and modify the habitat and food variations of the organism. The Swept Area Sampling (SAS) method was applied to sweep and collecting S. canarium at a bed-ground area of 1500 m2 in Tanjung Sebauk. The shell splitting and surgery completion of S. canarium were handled in the laboratory. S. canarium samples were immersed with 10% formalin to serve and protect the gastric sample and prevent it from rupturing, including providing the possibility to observe the various food components from S. canarium. Each species of organism found in an S. canarium stomach sample was photographed and counted and measured three times. Photographs of the gastric sample obtained from observations in a microscope were analyzed and identified comprehensively to find the composition of food varieties from the S. canarium. The varieties of food composition obtained were distinguished by class and group of biota and analyzed using the Preponderance Index. The varieties of food composition in gastric samples from S. Canarium shown eight species with the majority composition from plankton groups (phytoplankton and zooplankton), and one species was the copepod class. The following species of biota found in the stomach S. canarium based on the Preponderance Index consisted of Thalassionema sp. (42.59%) as primary food, followed by Nocticula sp. and Coscinodiscus sp. as additional food with a percentage of 37.45% and 12.35%, respectively. In comparison, the variety of complementary food from S. canarium consisted of Entomoneis sp. (2.47%), Cymbella sp. (1.23%), Cochlodinium sp. (1.23%), Calanus sp. (1.85%), and Boreadinium sp. (0.82%).
Genetic variation of COI gene of Hippa admirabilis in Northern Sulawesi
Authors: Putri V W , Fahri F , Wardiatno Y , Farajallah A
Published: May 2021

Hippoid crab is crustacean species which inhabits sandy beach in tropical and subtropical area. One of them is Hippa admirabilis. Previously, this species was reported only in Sulawesi Island in Indonesia beside Taiwan and New Guinea. The aim of this study was to elucidate the genetic variation of Hippa admirabilis in Northern Sulawesi. Ten specimens were collected from two locations in the northern part of Sulawesi in 2016 which is Ogotumubu (Province of Central Sulawesi) and Gorontalo (Province of Gorontalo). The length of the amplified CO1 gene fragment is 596 bp. The obtained sequences are compared to our previous work in Genbank which is Hippa admirabilis from Banggai, Sulawesi. The phylogenetic tree was constructed to phylogeographic scenario based on Neighbor-Joining methods with Kimura 2-parameters models. The haplotype analysis was performed using DnaSP software. The phylogenetic tree shows that all of the H. admirabilis samples assembled into one clade. Five haplotypes of Hippa admirabilis was discovered in this study. There is one shared haplotype group with ten individuals from Gorontalo and Ogotumubu. The rest haplotype is exclusive belongs to each location. The nucleotide variation between Gorontalo, Ogotumubu, and Banggai (as reference sequence) was 8 nucleotide bases.
Growth, mortality, recruitment pattern, and exploitation rate of shared stock flying fish (Exocoetidae) at border area of Indonesia and Timor Leste in Ombai Strait
Authors: Rehatta B M , Kamal M M , Boer M , Fahrudin A , Zairion  , Ninef J S R
Published: May 2021

Flying fish (Exocoetidae) is one important small pelagic fisheries commodity in border areas of Indonesia and Timor Leste. However, the data of population parameters in Ombai Strait are not yet known, which is important to inform unit stock management and sustainable fisheries. This study aimed to provide information about growth and mortality parameters, recruitment pattern, and exploitation rate of flying fish. Data collection was carried out during May 2018-June 2019 by measuring and observing the flying fish landed at the fish landing sites in Belu Indonesia and Bobonaro Timor Leste. Data analysis used the FAO-ICLARM Stock Assessment Tools (FiSAT) program. The results showed that the asymptotic length (L∞) was 330.5 mm, growth constant (K) was 0.99 per year, and growth performance indices (Φ) was 0.50. The natural mortality (M) was 0.92 per year, fishing mortality (F) was 0.12 per year, and total mortality (Z) was 1.04 per year. The highest recruitment occurs in May to September with peak season in June (14.82%) and September (15.16%). Exploitation rate (E) flying fish in the border area of Indonesia and Timor Leste in Ombai Strait is relatively low about 0.11 and still at a rational and sustainable utilization range (E < 0.5).
Abundance and distribution of microplastics in Baturusa watershed of Bangka Belitung Islands Province
Authors: Riskiana R , Hariyadi S , Effendi H
Published: May 2021

Microplastics has been found in the most water bodies since 1970s, yet its presence and understanding about the existence on the freshwater body, as well as a control upon its abundance is still very limited. Whereas the river became a very potential channel for microplastics in contaminating the environment. Microplastics is term refer to plastic particles which diameter less than 5 mm. Microplastics could act as an absorbent of chemicals from the environment, and also a carrier of additive chemicals added during the process of plastic manufacturing to the organisms. It can potentially affect the organisms through the aquatic food web. This study aims to figure out the abundance and distribution of microplastics in Baturusa watershed. The research was carried out from November 2019 to August 2020. Samples were collected using plankton net of 30μm mesh size, from seven sites represent upstream, downstream, and tributaries, then analyzed using an ocular microscope. The microplastics particles type found are sheets, films, fibers, and fragments. The average microplastics abundance was 2209–5569 particles m−3, the highest abundance was found in Rangkui River estuary about 5647 particles m−3, and the lowest was in Selindung River. This reveals that the more abundance of microplastics in the waters was correlated to the more human activities surroundings.
Nanoparticles green synthesis macroalgae-based and its application and distribution in Indonesia – An overview
Authors: Safaat M , Tursiloadi S , Perisha B , Zulpikar F
Published: May 2021

Nanoparticles have received much recent attention in areas such as chemistry, physics, materials science, life sciences and engineering. Many physical and chemical methods have disadvantages such as high costs, the use of chemicals that are harmful to the environment and health. The green nanoparticle synthesis approach, using plant extracts as a capping agent of nanoparticles, is the right solution to produce nanoparticles that are effective and environmentally friendly. Micro and macroalgae in the use of nanoparticle synthesis are increasingly being developed. However, the use of Sargassum in chemical applications has not been fully explained, and there are still some drawbacks that must be overcome. Sargassum spp. biomass has been recognized as a natural, renewable, and cost-effective material to become a capping agent for nanoparticles. This review is a summary highlighting the potential of metal-Sargassum composite based materials as an alternative to biological protective activities, such as antibacterials. Synthesis and characterization of materials, key factors influencing material performance, and distribution of Sargassum in Indonesia are considered by the Government of Indonesia and investors in seeing opportunities to use Sargassum as an advanced material.
Biodiversity and community of phytoplankton in the mahseer conservation area at Bungo and Kerinci Regencies, Jambi Province, Indonesia
Authors: Safitri F R , Sulistiono  , Hariyadi S , Asmadi
Published: May 2021

Mahseer (Tor spp.) conservation programs require information related to habitat characteristics including phytoplankton biodiversity and community structure as biological characteristics. This study aimed to evaluate phytoplankton diversity and community structure in the mahseer habitat, namely reservation and protection area in Muara Bungo and Kerinci Districts of Jambi Province. This study was conducted four times samplings i.e. December 2018, April 2019, July 2019, and October 2019, at three sites of the protected area, namely in Lubuk Alai, Senamat River, and the protected area of Tarutung Village. Furthermore, the data at the three sites were compared with data outside the protected area. Biological indices of the phytoplankton were calculated. The results showed that the mahseer habitat had a high diversity of phytoplankton. The results showed that the mahseer habitat had 8 genera of phytoplankton diversity, dominated by the Bacillariophyceae class, especially Synedra sp. with a dominance rate of more than 60% at each station. The diversity index ranged from 0.95 to 1.18, the evenness index ranged from 0.40 to 0.82, and the dominance index ranged from 0.39–0.43 in protected areas.
Some population parameters of the common carp (Cyprinus carpio, 1758) in Lake Paniai, Papua
Authors: Samuel  , Kaban S
Published: May 2021

Common carp (Cyprinus carpio) is known as introduced fish on some lakes in Indonesia and included in herbivore fish. The common carp population in Lake is the dominant number, so that it’s become at of fishing target. Estimation of some parameters of common carp population in Lake Paniai was aimed to evaluate the growth parameters, mortality, the fishing rate and recruitment pattern. Collecting and measuring the fish sample was done in the period from February to October 2016 by using the fishing gear of gill nets with mesh sizes of 1.00 - 4.50 inches. The results showed that common carp population in Lake Paniai was dominated by individual lengths between 15-25 cm with a frequency of 55.78%, the growth pattern of male fish was allometric (-) and females were isometric. Asymptotic length (L∞) = 61.43 cm and the growth coefficient (K) = 0.32 per year. The rate of natural mortality (M) = 0.65 per year, the fishing mortality rate (F) = 0.52 per year, the total mortality rate (Z) = 1.17 per year and the exploitation rate (E) = 0.44. The exploitation rate of common carp fish was still below the optimum value, thus an attempt to catch this fish, could be still improved. Common carp populations caught by mostly fishermen have had a chance to spawning thus common carp fish population in the lake was estimated to still be preserved and could be utilized in a sustainably. Peak recruitment occurred only once in a year, namely in June.
The effect of garlic Allium sativum addition in feed to the growth performance and immune response of tilapia Oreochromis niloticus
Authors: Setijaningsih L , Setiadi E , Taufik I , Mulyasari
Published: May 2021

Garlic is a type of medicinal plant known to act as an immunostimulant. The purpose of this research is to examine the percentage of garlic extract on growth, survival, and blood profile. The research was conducted at the Research Station for Environmental Technology and Toxicology Freshwater Aquaculture, Cibalagung, Bogor, West Java. Fish reared using aquarium with a size of 60 × 50 × 40 cm, using an aeration system with a stocking density of 20 fish/aquarium. A completely randomized design (CRD) with three replications were performed. The treatments were as followed: A. 0% without garlic in the feed (control); B. 1% garlic in feed; C. 3% garlic in feed, and D. 5% garlic in the feed. The results showed that the addition of garlic extract to the feed had a significant effect on absolute growth and daily growth rate (p>0.05), where the addition of 1% showed the highest value in weight gain (17.75 ± 0.48 g) and daily growth rate (0.42 ± 0.01 g/day), erythrocytes (1.74 × 106 cells/mm3), and hemoglobin (6.04 g%). This study can be concluded that adding garlic extract to feed at a dose of 1% or 10 g/kg of feed resulted in the highest growth.