bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
INSOLATION CONDITIONS ARE AN ENVIRONMENTAL FACTOR THAT FORMS THE SPATIAL PLANNING OLUTIONS OF RESIDENTIAL COMPLEXES
Authors:   Eurasian National University named after L.N. Gumilyov, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan, Mamedov S.E.
Published: March 2022

The article shows the importance of insolation standards for residential premises, which are reflected in the current construction and regulatory framework of the Republic of Kazakhstan. As a result of this study, the spatial planning solutions of residential complexes in the city of Nur-Sultan were analyzed, during which the types and levels of shadows affecting direct solar irradiation of premises and territories were established. Based on the analysis, architectural methods that increase the level of indoor insolation are proposed.
ERGONOMIC ASPECTS OF DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF MODERN GENERAL SCHOOLS
Authors:   Eurasian National University named after L.N. Gumilyov, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan, Sadykova S.Sh.
Published: March 2022

The article considers and analyzes numerous aspects of the ergonomic design of modern educational spaces. The actual factors influencing the creation of a comfortable and safe environment of educational institutions that correspond to new trends and requirements of ergonomics are disclosed in detail, for example, such as anthropometric, sanitary and hygienic, physiological, psycho-physiological, aesthetic, etc. On the examples of new foreign and domestic educational schools considered innovative aspects and methods of ergonomic construction.
HYDRATION AND HEAT RELEASE OF CEMENT HARDENING IN THE COLD
Authors:   Non-commercial joint stock company Caspian University of Technology and Engineering named after Sh.Yesenov, Brzhanov R.T. , Sаdueva G.Kh. ,   Non-commercial joint stock company Caspian University of Technology and Engineering named after Sh.Yesenov, Espolai G.I. ,   Non-commercial joint stock company Caspian University of Technology and Engineering named after Sh.Yesenov
Published: March 2022

The article provides a comprehensive coverage of the problem of the influence of negative temperatures on the properties and structure of concrete during its early freezing. Studies have established the regularity of the content of the liquid phase in the cement gel at low temperatures, as well as the strength gain of cement. Water under ordinary conditions freezes at 0 ° C, and it would seem to make no sense to talk about cement hydration, but the properties of thin films of water and the change in their physical properties allow cement hydration to occur. Such water freezes at more negative temperatures, and being in a liquid state can react with cement minerals
INFLUENCE OF DESIGN FEATURES OF RELATIONSHIPS ON THE STRESS STATE OF REINFORCED CONCRETE FLOOR SLABS
Authors:   Kazakh Research Technical University named after. K.I. Satpaeva, Almaty, Kazakhstan, Mursalieva G.K. , Dostanova S.Kh. ,   Kazakh Research Technical University named after. K.I. Satpaeva, Almaty, Kazakhstan
Published: March 2022

The article shows the influence of the design features of the bonds on the stress state of reinforced concrete floor slabs. Resolving equations for the calculation of plates are presented. A numerical calculation is made for several variants of fixing smooth and ribbed plates and graphs of changes in internal forces depending on the stiffness characteristics of the bonds are presented.
PRE-PROJECT STUDIES IN THE REGENERATION OF THE URBAN ENVIRONMENT OF MICRODISTRICTS IN THE WESTERN PART OF ALMATY
Authors:   International Educational Corporation (KazGASA campus), Almaty, Kazakhstan, Murzabayevа K.S. , Selmukhan M.A. ,   International Educational Corporation (KazGASA campus), Almaty, Kazakhstan, Tuyakayeva A.K. ,   International Educational Corporation (KazGASA campus), Almaty, Kazakhstan
Published: March 2022

The experience of pre-project analysis for the regeneration of the architectural and planning environment of large-panel buildings in the western part of Almaty in order to elicit problems to identify the most effective methods of improving the quality of the residential environment is discussed in this article. The results of a sociological survey of the population are presented.
CRKVA BOSANSKA I STEĆCI
Authors: Dautović Dženan
Published: March 2022

This paper is dedicated to the relations between two phenomena so characteristic for the medieval Bosnian history: one being the monastic order krstjani from Bosnia, ie. the Bosnian Church and the other are medieval tombstones - stećci. During the development of the historiography, attitudes of medievalists regarding these phenomena went through different phases, from almost unconditional connections between them, to the modern stance when it was determined that they were linked, but not exclusively. The sources for the analysis are the epitaphs written on the tombstones, which were confirmed to have belonged to members of the Bosnian church, as well as those tombstones which contain the symbols of a cane and a book which historiography recognizes as signs of spiritual status of the deceased. Key Words: Bosnian chruch, krstjani, medieval tombstones, epitafs, symbology, cane, book.
OSMANSKI KARAVANSKI PUTEVI NA PLANINI KONJUH (KLADANJ)
Authors: Imamović Mersiha , Krpić Amir
Published: March 2022

This paper is about the Ottoman trade roads discovered at the Konjuh Mountain (Municipality of Kladanj). Archaeological researches were
conducted at three separate places: Miljkovac, Paljevac and Buševo. Based
on these researches we have concluded that these roads have been used for transport of people and goods in the Ottoman age. Taking the geographical location of Kladanj into consideration, we have also concluded that the town was an important crossroad of the roads.

Keywords: Ottoman trade routes, routes, trade, Konjuh Mountain, Kladanj,
Miljkovac, Paljevac, Buševo.
Between Constitutional Nationalism and Human Rights - the Future of the Rule of Law in Bosnia and Herzegovina?
Authors: Nurkić Benjamin , Murselović Suad
Published: March 2022

This paper analyzes the constitutional position of Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH) between constitutional nationalism and human rights. In its judgments in Sejdić and Finci v. BiH, and Zornić v. BiH, the European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR) found that the BiH Constitution was not in line with the European Convention on Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms (ECHR). Namely, the privilege of the three constituent peoples in the Constitution of BiH, the ECHR was assessed as contrary to the prohibited discrimination prescribed by the ECHR. In this sense, the paper analyzes the current Bosnian constitutional model of a form of consociational democracy or constitutional nationalism. The authors analyze the presumption of the ECtHR in terms of the (non) existence of a legitimate goal for maintaining discriminatory provisions in the Constitution of BiH. Also, the paper analyzes the importance of the implementation of the ECtHR judgment for the future of the rule of law in BiH.
Legal Vs Social Relationship Between Doctors and Patients
Authors: Brkić Harun , Brkić Emina
Published: March 2022

The relationship between patient and doctor is analyzed as a social relationship or a legal relationship. The goal of analyzing this relationship is to improve the realization of patients' health rights, who were accepted by the recommendation of international organizations' experience of physicians and patient cooperation. Legally, the doctor-patient relationship is not equal in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The importance of the doctor-patient legal relationship becomes to the fore the moment when the patient is not satisfied with the realized right and when he files a complaint about the provided medical care. Physicians are then required to hold physicians accountable for the medical service provided, which includes ethical, professional, and legal liability, and that covers physician liability concerning criminal law, civil law, and administrative law. Legislation in BiH based on which the legal relationship between patient and doctor in BiH is not defined problematizes this relationship and becomes particularly pronounced when the patient requests satisfaction due to violation of the right to health and expressed dissatisfaction with health care, for which they are usually blamed, doctors. The responsibility of the doctor is specified by law, while the responsibility of the patient for the provided service in exercising the right to health is reflected involuntariness and consent to the proposed service and from the point of view of the legal relationship is not equal to the responsibility of the doctor.
The Connection of Anxiety, Depression and Stress with Resilience and Sleep Quality During the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Koso-Drljević Maida , Čelenka Esma , Omerović-Ihtijarević Nejla
Published: March 2022

During the 2020/2021 academic year, the working conditions of students during online classes, the levels of depressive, anxiety, and stress symptoms, and their correlations with resilience and sleep quality were examined on a sample of students from the University of Sarajevo (UNSA). The results of the research show that most students have satisfying working conditions from home, but also that a large number of them still feel fear and anxiety that something will happen to the internet connection or computer during online classes and exams. About 50% of students have increased symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress, which are significantly in correlation with poorer sleep quality. Higher levels of resilience in students are correlated with lower levels of depression, anxiety, and stress and better sleep quality. The level of student depression is a variable that is the best predictor in explaining the criterion variable quality of sleep.
AN ANALYSIS ON THE LEATHER INDUSTRY OF BANGLADESH: IDENTIFICATION OF BARRIERS, CHALLENGES, AND WAY OUTS
Authors: Rahman Md. Habibur
Published: March 2022

The leather industry of Bangladesh has huge potential. Despite the availability of raw skins, low-cost labor, and the fact that this sector began a few decades ago, it has not evolved to its full potential. Furthermore, this sector's performance is deteriorating. The main purpose of this study is to explore the major causes behind such a downturn and also try to point out the major barriers, challenges, and make suggestions for combating these challenges. The data acquired via a questionnaire from officials of 45 different companies were reviewed by the researcher in order to achieve these objectives. In analyzing and making interpretation simple tabular along with graphical methods have been employed. The majority of participants gave positive replies when it came to the availability of high-quality indigenous raw hides, low-cost efficient labor, electricity, gas, and water supplies. Respondents had negative attitudes toward the availability of indigenous sub-materials and chemicals, infrastructural development in accordance with international standards, the Central Effluent Treatment Plant (CETP), the existence of an appropriate integrated plan, and the use of sophisticated technology, among other things. The study's last section outlines the significant limitations/barriers, challenges/threats, and recommendations for overcoming these potential challenges in Bangladesh's leather sector. This section was created primarily from the responses to four descriptive questions in the questionnaire's lower section.

 Keywords: Leather industry, Relocation, CETP, LWG certification.
Impact of Turbulence on Aeolian Sand and Dust Entrainment: Results from Wind-tunnel Experiment
Authors: Zhang Jie , Li Guang , Shi Li , Huang Ning , Shao Yaping
Published: March 2022

Abstract. We hypothesize that large eddies play a major role in the entrainment of aeolian sand and dust particles. To test this, wind-tunnel experiments are carried out to measure the entrainment rate of various particle sizes under different flow conditions. Wind tunnel flows are usually neutrally stratified with no large eddies which typically develop in convective atmospheric boundary layers. Here, a novel technique is applied by deploying a piece of randomly fluttering cloth to generate large eddies similar to convective eddies in atmospheric boundary layers, which we call quasi-convective turbulence. The characteristics of quasi-convective turbulence are analyzed with respect to neutral turbulence in the Monin-Obukhov similarity framework, and the probability distributions of surface shear stress are examined. We show that for given mean flow speed and in comparison with neutral flow conditions, quasi-convective turbulence increases the surface shear stress and alters its probability distribution, and hence substantially enhances the entrainment of sand and dust particles. Our hypothesis is thus confirmed by the wind-tunnel experiments. We also explain why large eddies are important to aeolian entrainment and transport.
Contactless optical hygrometry in LACIS-T
Authors: Nowak Jakub L. , Grosz Robert , Frey Wiebke , Niedermeier Dennis , Mijas Jędrzej , Malinowski Szymon P. , Ort Linda , Schmalfuß Silvio , Stratmann Frank , Voigtländer Jens , Stacewicz Tadeusz
Published: March 2022

Abstract. The Fast Infrared Hygrometer (FIRH), employing open-path tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy at the wavelengths near 1364.6896 nm line, was adapted to perform contactless humidity measurements at the Turbulent Leipzig Aerosol Cloud Interaction Simulator (LACIS-T), a unique turbulent moist-air wind tunnel. The configuration of the setup allows for scanning at various positions without the need for repeated optics adjustments. We identified three factors which significantly influence the measurement – self-broadening of the absorption line, interference in the glass windows and parasitic absorption in the ambient air outside the tunnel – and developed correction methods which satisfactorily account for these effects. The comparison between FIRH and a reference hygrometer (dew-point mirror MBW 973) indicated a good agreement within the expected errors across the wide range of water vapor concentration 1.0 . . . 6.1 cm−3 (equivalent to dew-point temperature of −5.4 . . . + 21 °C at the temperature of 23 °C). High temporal resolution (∼2 kHz) allowed for studying turbulent fluctuations in the course of intensive mixing of two air streams which had the same mean velocity but differed in temperature and humidity, including also the settings for which the mixture can be supersaturated. The obtained results complement the previous characterizations of turbulent velocity and temperature fields in LACIS-T. The variance of water vapor concentration exhibits a maximum in the center of the mixing zone which coincides with the steepest gradient.
Brief communication: A continuous formulation of microwave scattering from fresh snow to bubbly ice from first principles
Authors: Picard Ghislain , Löwe Henning , Mätzler Christian
Published: March 2022

Abstract. Microwave remote sensing of the cryosphere demands a formulation of the scattering coefficient which can be applied over the entire range of relevant densities, from fresh snow to bubbly ice, at all frequencies and for any grain size and snow type. Most challenging are intermediate densities (450–550 kg m−3) and high frequencies (or coarse-grained snow) where current scattering formulations break down. In this brief communication we demonstrate that the strong contrast expansion method, recently developed for heterogeneous, dielectric media can be applied to microwave scattering in snow, firn and ice for solving these problems.
Using "Positioning" Theory to analyze a female school teacher’s experiences with care-work during COVID-19 in India
Authors: Saini Ruchi
Published: March 2022

The past few decades have been marked by growing awareness about the need to move beyond Anglocentric/Eurocentric epistemes, to instead engage in intellectual projects that effectively (re)present the voices and consciousness of marginalized populations (Manion & Shah, 2019). The term decolonizing research methodologies has thus come to acquire a central place within feminist research in the field of Comparative and International Education (CIE), with rallying calls to foreground the complexities and uniqueness of female participants lived realities through non-hierarchical, non-categorical, and non-dichotomous modes of meaning-making (Lugones, 2010). However, methodological literature on decolonizing feminist research is largely linked to the data collection phase, with limited engagement with how to effectively analyze data once it is collected. This study demonstrates the potential use of “positioning theory”, a form of discourse analysis, as a decolonial analytical framework to investigate the micro details of a female school teachers’ experiences with caregiving during COVID-19 in India. The analysis revealed the shifting, often contextual nature of the identities that the participant claimed for herself throughout the narrative, such as a pampered daughter, critical observer, adjusting daughter-in-law, guilty mother, strategic choice maker, and so on.  Positioning theory thus helped problematize the tendency to essentialize women’s experiences and identities by drawing attention to the multiple, sometimes contradictory identities that they claim for themselves, a complexity that is often neglected within feminist research because of its messiness and lack of amenability to generalization.
Choosing the Strata When Auditing: An Example Using Excel
Authors: Gunning Patricia , Horgan Jane M.
Published: March 2022

A new method of stratifying skewed populations is adapted to accounting populations and an Excel program provided which breaks the population into the required number of strata, summarises the book values in each of the strata, and selects the items to be sampled. An illustration is given using an Irish accounting population of debtors. The new method obtains the boundaries so that the coefficients of variation are the same in all strata, a

property which indicates that the boundaries are optimum.
Risk and Return of Merger Arbitrage in the UK 2001 to 2004
Authors: Kearney Patrick , Hutchinson Mark C. , Cotter Derry
Published: March 2022

This paper replicates the core underlying merger arbitrage strategy using daily data from the United Kingdom to generate three simulated merger arbitrage portfolio return series, for the period 2001 through to 2004. Past empirical evidence indicates that the merger arbitrage strategy generates large risk adjusted returns. More recent evidence indicates that the strategy has a return distribution equivalent to a short put option on a stock index. These prior studies have generally focused on monthly returns in the North American stock markets. For the UK market we find evidence that the merger arbitrage strategy exhibits little systematic risk and generates significant risk adjusted returns. Contrary to prior research we find no evidence of an increase in systematic risk in depreciating equity markets.
Clan Type Controls Over Audit Quality Audit Seniors’ Perspective
Authors: McGarry Clodagh , Sweeney Breda
Published: March 2022

Previous research on audit qualiy has highlighted the difficulty of using formal controls in the audit environment and the suitability of more informal types of control such as ‘clan controls’ has been advocated. This study examines audit seniors’ perceptions of the existence and operation of clan type controls in audit firms. Findings based on semi-structured interviews with 16 audit seniors from all of the ‘Big Four’ audit firms suggest that audit seniors are explicitly aware of the existence of two types of informal controls (informal communication and role modelling) which are consistent with the features of clan control.

Additionally, valuable insights were obtained into the practical operation of these forms of clan control. In particular, some potential limitations of their effectiveness were highlighted, such as the accuracy of information transmitted through informal channels of communication, variability in styles of audit partners and the existence of more than one clan in the firms.
An Analysis of the Determinants of Research & Development Voluntary Disclosure by Canadian Firms
Authors: Zeghal Daniel , Mouelhi Rim , Louati Hend
Published: March 2022

This paper analyses the determinants of voluntary disclosure on research and development (R&D) activities by listed Canadian firms. Using content analysis, we examine the extent of R&D voluntary disclosure by examining the annual reports from 150 companies listed on the Toronto Stock Exchange (TSX). By using a large set of factors that are expected to impact on voluntary disclosure, this study investigates the extent to which firm characteristics (size, leverage, listing status), R&D related variables (R&D intensity, R&D partnership greement, R&D accounting policy) and corporate governance attributes (board independence and the separation of the CEO and Board Chair roles) influence voluntary disclosure on R&D activities. After controlling for industry membership, our results, obtained from a negative binomial regression, show that firm size, R&D intensity, R&D partnership agreement and the separation of the CEO and Board Chair functions have a significant positive impact on the extent of voluntary disclosure on R&D activities. However, the findings reveal that leverage, listing status, R&D accounting policy and board independence are not significant in explaining the level of R&D voluntary disclosure.
Anticancer Activity of Panchatikta Ghrita in 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA) Induced Skin Carcinogenesis in Swiss Albino Mice
Authors: Deshbhratar Nivedita , Belge Raman , Somkuwar A.P.
Published: March 2022

Aim of the present study was to evaluate the anticancer effect of orally administered Panchatikta ghrita (Ghee) in 7,12-Dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA) induced skin carcinogenesis in Swiss albino mice. Skin squamous cell carcinoma was induced at the shaved back of mice by applying DMBA (25 μg in 0.1 ml acetone/ mice) twice weekly for 7 weeks. Tumor formation (100%) was observed in 7 weeks of treatment in DMBA alone. As during radio and chemotherapy body’s natural cells are also killed and low immunity develops, Panchatikta ghrita controls these adverse effects of both and helps better recovery and life styles. Oral administration of Panchatikta ghrita (Ghee) completely prevented the formation of skin tumors, hyperkeratosis, hyperplasia, epidermal erosion, dermal invasion and pearl formation. Results of the present study suggested that Panchatikta ghrita had potent anticancer and chemopreventive effect in DMBA induced skin carcinogenesis.

Key words: Panchatikta ghrita, Chemoprevention, Hyperplasia, Epidermal erosion, Hyperkeratosis.
Diagnostic Challenges and Management of Patients with Overlapping Rheumatoid Arthritis with Psoriatic Arthritis: A Case Report
Authors: Zebadiah Rau Carissa Ayu , Kambayana Gede
Published: March 2022

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and psoriatic arthritis (PsA) have key differences in clinical presentation, radiographic findings, and pathogenesis to distinguish between these common forms of chronic inflammatory arthritis. Several case reports report the occurrence of overlapping syndromes of RA with PsA. However, until now, the cases are still very rare.
We report A 33-year-old woman, complaining of pain in the joints of her fingers, toes, and her back since eight years ago. The patient also complained of red, silvery-white patches on the abdomen and spread all over the body. On the left hand, there is a swan neck deformity on the fifth finger of the left hand. On the right hand, there is a boutonniere deformity on the second and fourth fingers of the right hand and ulnar deviation of the first finger. On skin examination, it was found with multiple silvery-white erythematous plaques, varying in size, geographical shape, covered with fine white scales spread all over the body skin. The patient was diagnosed with Rheumatoid Arthritis based on the 2010 ACR/EULAR diagnostic criteria, overlapping with Psoriatic Arthritis syndrome based on the 2010 ASAS diagnostic criteria for spondyloarthropathy 2006 CASPAR for PsA.
The right diagnosis process speeds up the time for initiation of appropriate therapy to improve quality of life and improve disease prognosis.

Keywords: Rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, overlapping syndrome.
Evaluation of Optimal Stock Portfolio Performance by Grouping Issuers Based on Stock Price Movements
Authors: Wildan Rachmat , Achsani Noer Azam , Sartono Bagus
Published: March 2022

Stock investment has a high risk, one of which is caused by changes in stock prices that occur in trading on the stock exchange every day, thus affecting the level of stock returns which also changes. Investors will face uncertainty in making choices and evaluating stock performance in the future because the returns obtained are uncertain and depend on the risks that affect it. Risk in investing can be reduced by investing in various types of stocks by forming an optimal stock portfolio. These problems are solved in this study by taking a calculation approach in selecting stocks and determining the optimal portfolio with the advantage of a single index model that can explain the relationship between the returns of each stock and the market index returns to calculate the variance of a stock. portfolio. There are 4 stocks with the largest excess return to beta, namely MEGA, JECC, UNIC, and KICI stocks. Performance measurement in this study was carried out using the Treynor Index, because this index used systematic risk as measured by Beta.

Keywords: Single Index Model, Treynor, Dynamic Time Wraping.
Spirulina and Herbal Combination on Metabolic Alterations of Cardiovascular Diseases (CVDs)
Authors: Pandey Rajesh , Singh Surendra
Published: March 2022

Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and metabolic changes are among the foremost public health concerns that have been accounted in people alive with cardio infections. Issues contributing to heart metabolic condition in CVD take in body fat allocation, dyslipidemia, insulin conflict, cardiovascular dysfunction and swelling. CVD have appeared as a main public health trouble and impose a rising load on the health care system. Increased coronary heart disease risk and conventional risk issues contribute to elevate the risk. They stay the foremost roots of morbidity and mortality globally. The employ of medicinal herbs keep on to be an alternative action move toward for some infections including CVDs. Presently, there is an unprecedented constrain for use of herbal preparations in current medicinal systems. This drive is powered through several aspects that are cost-effective therapeutic assure contrast to standard therapies with safety. Consequently, public awareness should be raised about medicinal herbs, toxicity, potentially life threatening, and possible herb-drug interactions.
Present article highlighted the significant effect of Spirulina and other herbs supplementation individual and in combination. Many attempts on medicinal herbs in order to use in CVD treatments were reported. We overview the use of these herbs having ethno pharmacological curative potentials and medicinal properties against CVDs are reviewed. The employment of a range of herbs in the context of CVDs, such as myocardial infarction, hypertension, peripheral vascular diseases, coronary heart disease, cardiomyopathies, and dyslipidemias has been reviewed, analyzed, and significantly discussed.

Keywords: Spirulina, herbal medicine, cardiovascular diseases, atherosclerosis, hypertension, medicinal plants, antioxidants, oxidative stress.
Monte Carlo simulation in an elementary school building
Authors: Macias Anderson Edwin Antialon , Corilloclla Deiby Luis Medina , Porras Marcia Yesenia Jeremias , Venero Roy Monteagudo , Quispe Jimmy Alberth Deza
Published: March 2022

Education is the future. Education is the only way for a country to start developing and reducing poverty. In countries with medium incomes like Peru, the resources to spend on education is not unlimited. Therefore, it is necessary to have quality in investment. However, risks and uncertainty can make a project surpass its initial budget. Therefore, statistic based methods like Monte Carlo simulation is a powerful tool to forecast possible events that might endanger the profitability and sustainability of a project. Although there is not plenty of academic literature about Monte Carlo empirical usage, many projects employ this method to manage the possible risks the project could have. In consequence, the current research analyzed both risk and sensitivity of an elementary school building project. Both analyses showed that this project had huge probabilities to surpass the current profit and return estimations. However, the sensitivity analysis portrayed that the project could be endangered because of infrastructure overspending. Moreover, it indicated that students’ attendance is also a critical factor to ensure the sustainability of the project.
Green cost premium as the dynamics of project management practice: A critical review
Authors: Adindu Chinedu , Ekung Samuel , Ukpong Edidiong
Published: March 2022

Across the globe, the corollary of Green Cost Premium (GCP) obstructs the implementation of Sustainable Buildings (SB). Extensive studies into GCP proliferate, but the research norms rarely traversed theoretical contexts of GCP. The purpose of this paper was to explore the drivers of GCP from the contexts of the prevailing practice of SB using the theoretical lens of practice theory. Secondary literature comprising mainly peer-reviewed publications spanning 20years was critically reviewed. The results show some uncertainty regarding the effect of prevailing practice on the size of GCP due to the dearth of empirical studies. Secondary literature, however, showed that GCP is liable to variations in practice related to the level of knowledge and the implementation processes. The knowledge domain argued that the scope of GCP depends on regional issues including misperceptions, cost management deficiencies and sustainability accounting gaps. During implementation, GCP could also modify in response to changes in cost drivers, factors limiting innovative processes and challenges and barriers in the project environment. Engagements with practice have, however failed to embed this understanding into SB project implementation decisions and dynamics, as limited documented efforts aimed at mitigating the GCP exist. The paper offers a non-conventional perspective for assessing the dynamics of converging regional practices in SB that can contribute to GCP as well as lower the GCP when the practices are improved. GCP is susceptible to practice variations and answers to projects practices across regions. This portrays that the GCP can lessen through innovation of practice elements such as competencies and inputs (materials and procedures). The elements of scientific inquiry for GCP must be disconnected from currently established knowledge about SB systems to regional practices related to knowledge and procedures.
Cayley approximation operator with an application to a system of set-valued Cayley type inclusions
Authors: Akram Mohd , Chen J. W. , Dilshad Mohd
Published: March 2022

In this paper, we introduce and study a system of set-valued Cayley type inclusions involving Cayley operator and (H; )-monotone operator in real Banach spaces. We show that Cayley operator associated with the (H; )-monotone operator is Lipschitz type continuous. Using the proximal point operator technique, we have established a fixed point formulation for the system of set-valued Cayley type inclusions. Further, the existence and uniqueness of the approximate solution are proved. Moreover, we suggest an iterative algorithm for the system of set-valued Cayley type inclusions and discuss the strong convergence of the sequences generated by the proposed algorithm. Some examples are constructed to illustrate some concepts used in this paper.
Formulation and Characterization of Mucoadhesive Microspheres of Oxazolidines Class Drug for the Treatment of Loosen Enteritis
Authors: Rajge Rahul , Khan Saad
Published: March 2022

This study aimed to developed novel fast disintegrating sustained release pellets containing tablet by using Fluidized Bed processor. Verapamil HCl used as a model drug for the formulation. Fluidized bed processor was used for coating of drug and polymer on the sugar spheres. To overcome the problem of swallowing for paediatric, geriatric, psychiatric, bedridden patients, uncooperative patients or for active patients who are busy and travelling and may not access to we aim to formulate the fast-disintegrating tablet. The superdisintigrant are commonly use like cross povidone, sodium starch glycolate which disintegrate tablet rapidly. It is assumed that, after the disintegration of tablets, pellets within tablets which are reside in GIT for several hours and gradually released a drug in controlled way. Eudragit RS 30D and ethyl cellulose were used as a sustained release polymer. Coating of spheres with sustained release film is achieved by bottom spray processor of FBP. Proper pellets coating film thickness, and concentration of polymers’, ensure obtaining desirable VH release profile for extended period of time, was defined. X composition of tablet with pellets were examined in order to obtained formulation, from which VH release would mostly appropriate pellets before compressing. Compression of pellets into tablet, being a modern technological process than enclosing them into hard gelatine capsule. The optimized batch evaluated by studied the effect of compression force, tablet hardness and friability and drug release from the pellets by sustained release manner.
A Review on Pharmacognostical and Pharmacological Activity of
Ougeinia oojeinensis
Authors: S. Shete Swati , Jadhav Ravindra , Vikhe Sunayana
Published: March 2022

In various Indigenous system of medicine like auyrveda, siddha, unani and homeopathic treatments different plant parts which include leaf, stem, bark, roots are used as medicines. Ougeinia oojeinensis (Fabaceae) generally mentioned as ‘sadan/Tinsa’. It generally found in sub-tropical areas of India. The present study on Ougeinia oojeinensis plant shows the various types of medicinal uses according to their Phytoconstituent. Entire plant incorporates bioactive ingredients (constituents) are genistein, ougenin, dalbergioidin, kaempferol, lupeol, Ferreirin, neophellamuretin, homoferririn isoflavanone and betulin etc. Moreover the bark use as astringent, acrid, cooling, stimulant, anti-inflammatory, constipating, anthelmintic, sudorific, depurative, urinary astringent, styptic & febrifuge. The plant has determined in various preparations in pharmaceuticals. Various studies of the entire plant extract confirmed anti – inflammatory, hypotensive action, anthelmintic, antioxidant activity, hepatoprotective, hypoglycemic and wound restoration activities. The review summarizes the all essential elements associated with Ougeinia oojeinensis which offers extensive information of the herb and it’s pharmacological investigations.
Pharmacological Review on Madhuca longifolia
Authors: Jodh Rahul , Tawar Mukund , Kachewar Aparna , Mahanur Vishal , Sureka Yash , Atole Virendra
Published: March 2022

The liver assumes a significant part in keeping up with the metabolic capacity and discharge of poisons from the body. A physical issue or liver brokenness brought about by the utilization of poisonous synthetics, over-the-top liquor and microorganisms bring about a difficult condition called hepatotoxicity. Madhuca longifolia having a place with Sapotaceae family is found to have pharmacological properties in the treatment of different disorders. Madhuca longifolia is likewise considered a therapeutic tree also, is helpful for outside application in treating skin infections, stiffness, migraine, persistent clogging, heaps, hemorrhoids, and ethno clinical properties like antibacterial, anxiolytic qualities, anticancer, hepatoprotective, antiulcer, antihyperglycemic, pain-relieving exercises, and so on. Leaves of mahua are utilized in the treatment of dermatitis, wound mending, anti-burn, bone crack, anthelminthic, emollient, skin illness, stiffness, and cerebral pain. The flowers are used as a tonic, pain-relieving, and diuretic; bark for an ailment, persistent bronchitis, and diabetes mellitus and leaves as an expectorant and constant bronchitis and Cushing's sickness. In this review we make a compilation focused on the synonyms, botanical description, phytochemicals, pharmacological activity, and medicinal uses of Madhuca longifolia.
Drug Delivery Systems Based on Polymeric Micelles
Authors: Khot Priyanka , Nangare Kavita , Payghan Vaishali , Kamble Tejashree , Payghan Santosh
Published: March 2022

Polymeric micelles have been extensively studied as nanocarriers for hydrophobic drugs. They can be designed to have the intensity of duration and blood circulation, as well as binding specificity to certain highly stressed receptors on the surface of cancer cells. y. The incorporation of these agents into nanoparticles reduces the adverse effects of standard chemotherapy on healthy tissues. Such nanoparticles, considered to be drug-transporting vehicles, are versatile and include micelles, liposomes, dendrimers, nanocapsules, nanospheres and more. Polymeric micelles have been extensively studied as nanocarriers for hydrophobic drugs. They can be designed to have the intensity of duration and circulation, as well as binding specifications to certain more receptors expressed on the surface of cancer cells. When these drug-induced nanoparticles reach the plant surface, an external stimulus, such as ultrasound, can be used to introduce local and temporary drug release.
Immunomodulatory activity of Cestrum nocturnum. - A Comprehensive review
Authors: Sasmal Abhijit , Urolagin Deeparani
Published: March 2022

Immunomodulatory treatment is more often than not required beneath the conditions of impeded safe responsiveness and when the resistance components of have got to be actuated. In spite of the fact that customary immunomodulatory chemotherapy is accessible but it is so costly that it isn't more often than not reasonable to standard individuals with the socio-economic status. Subsequently, the balance of safe framework by conventional restorative plant items has gotten to be a subject matter for current logical examinations around the world. Night blossoming jasmine, botanically known as Cestrum nocturnum is an evergreen shrub that grows in tropical and sub-tropical locales all through the world. Cestrum nocturnum could be a most widespread plant due to its scent from the white blossoms. It is additionally developed as a therapeutic plant. The therapeutic properties of night sprouting jasmine incorporate antioxidant, anti-hyperlipidaemic, hepatoprotective, pain relieving, antibacterial, antifungal, anti-convulsant, anti-HIV and larvicidal exercises. The present paper reviews the immunomodulatory activity of the plant.
Nanosponges - Overview
Authors: Prasad Yadav Rajkumar , Sheeba F. R.
Published: March 2022

New technologies, prospects and scope, which are expected to have major applications in disease diagnostics and therapeutics, are introduced in the most emerging branch of pharmaceutical sciences known as Pharmaceutical nanotechnology. Pharmaceutical nanotechnology comprised of nano-sized products and which can be transformed in numerous ways to improve their characteristics. A Nanosponge is a novel and emerging technology, which offers targeted and controlled drug delivery for topical as well as oral use. The tiny sponges will circulate around the body. They touch and adhere to the surface of the particular target site and begin to release the drug in a regulated and predictable way. Since, the medication can be released at the specific target site rather than circulating around the body. It would be more effective for a specific dose given. The aqueous solubility of these sponges is another significant characteristic. This enables the efficient use of these systems for drugs with poor solubility. Both lipophilic as well as hydrophilic drugs can be loaded into nanosponges. Nanosponges drug delivery system has emerged as one of the most promising areas of life sciences.
Investigación formativa
Authors: Suárez Castillo Claudia , Acosta Castellanos Pedro , Cuellar Rodríguez Luz
Published: March 2022

La investigación en general es uno de los pilares fundamentales de la formación de un ingeniero ambiental, debido a que el programa obedece a ciencias básicas y de la ingeniería que requieren de la construcción de conocimiento investigativo. En el presente escrito de tipo reflexivo se expone la implementación del modelo educativo pedagógico de la facultad de ingeniería ambiental de la Universidad Santo Tomás en Tunja, Cundinamarca; se basa en un enfoque problematizador que contiene 3 ejes: planificación ambiental, desarrollo sostenible e innovación. Esto enmarcado en las directrices del Ministerio de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación y la transversalidad de los conocimientos que se imparten a los estudiantes, los cuales les brindan herramientas para forjar la competitividad y las funciones social, ética, pedagógica y profesional; mediante estrategias pedagógicas tales como los semilleros de investigación, entre otras.
Exploring the First-generation College-going Experience
Authors: Holliday Chrissy , K. Anderson Sharon
Published: March 2022

College-going culture represents the development of college aspiration within individuals, including the necessary guidance and support to prepare students for college. First-generation students, those whose parents have no bachelor’s degree, are of particular research interest because they have lower college-going rates than their peers whose parents have degrees. This reality contributes to disparate educational outcomes with both individual and societal impacts. This mixed-methods case study provides insight into the college-going experiences of first-generation college students by answering the research question, “How did first-generation students attending an Hispanic-serving institution (HSI) experience the phenomenon of college-going culture in their high schools and communities?” Data analysis resulted in six assertions with implications for practitioners and future researchers, including the importance of relationships with high school staff and the opportunity to take dual-enrollment courses.
One current viral threat to wildlife or in captivity
Authors: Luis Alberto Raggi  , María Antonieta Jara  , Carlos Osvaldo Navarro
Published: March 2022

In general, it is assumed that there are many differences between human beings and other animal species. That may be true, but in terms of diseases caused by viruses and microorganisms that difference is much narrower. As André Lwoff, Nobel Prize winner in 1965, said, “viruses are viruses” and therefore the fact that they affect animal species makes no difference. Over the centuries, the human species has been threatened by various bacterial and viral pathogens. In this respect, animal species are not immune. Currently, a ribovirus (SARS-CoV-2) affects the human species presenting several variants, the last known being omicron. Likewise, in animals and initially in dogs, the Canine Vistemper virus was described, of which several genotypes are also known that make any vaccination plan tremble, including other families besides the Canidae. Due to the above, it is not unreasonable to propose CDV as a latent threat in animal species, wild or in captivity. A dizzying read…!!
APLICAÇÃO DE MÉTODOS DE PREVISÃO DE DEMANDA EM LEITOS HOSPITALARES
Authors: Müller Franco Mateus , Dalla Rosa Monegat Amanda , Pasolini Mônica , Orlandin Bruna Caroline , Corso Leandro Luis
Published: March 2022

Com a chegada da pandemia do COVID-19, diversos problemas na área da saúde começaram a ser identificados. Dentre eles, destaca-se a superlotação dos hospitais e a falta de leitos para atender toda a população. Posto isso, este estudo tem como objetivo aplicar métodos quantitativos de previsão de demanda em um município do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul, com o intuito de analisar as séries temporais sobre a ocupação de leitos hospitalares em um determinado período de enfretamento da pandemia do coronavírus. Dessa forma, os resultados possibilitaram evidenciar o modelo matemático mais adequado para a problemática tratada, analisar os resultados graficamente e calcular os erros relacionados, assim como apoiar os processos decisórios e a formulação de estratégias eficientes na área em questão.
LOGÍSTICA REVERSA NA PRÁTICA
Authors: Machado Jones Bittencourt , Girão Mariana Da Silva , Duarte Patrícia Costa
Published: March 2022

O descarte dos resíduos sólidos urbanos (RSU) acompanha o aumento desordenado da população brasileira. Tendo em vista que o descarte nem sempre é realizado corretamente, ele acaba sendo o causador de problemas financeiros e impactos ambientais. O óleo residual, considerado um resíduo sólido após ser utilizado em fritura, ao ser descartado de forma equivocada causa um grande impacto, sendo causador de inúmeros prejuízos financeiros e ambientais. Contudo, ele tem um grande potencial de aproveitamento se reciclado, podendo ser reutilizado de diversas formas. O presente trabalho investigou os procedimentos de Logística Reversa (LR) que contribuem para o retorno do óleo residual, identificando e mapeando os pontos de coleta, a sua quantidade e procedência no município de Pelotas. A metodologia proposta levou em conta o atual momento de crise sanitária mundial, respeitando o distanciamento social, propondo entrevistas realizadas por telefone e e-mail aos órgãos que tratam, recolhem e reciclam este óleo residual. A investigação ocorreu através de um questionário on-line, distribuído aleatoriamente por meio das ferramentas da internet, como redes sociais e aplicativos de troca de mensagens. Os resultados mostram duas empresas particulares que realizam a LR do óleo residual, o transformando em renda, realizando seu recolhimento e posterior venda. Também foi evidenciado um Projeto do poder público, conveniado a uma Cooperativa de beneficiamento deste material, que realiza a coleta, transporte e reciclagem do óleo residual disponibilizado em pontos de entrega voluntária, o transformando em produtos de limpeza, e assim, fomentando uma economia circular, gerando emprego e renda de forma sustentável.
OTIMIZAÇÃO DE ROTEIRO EM EMPRESA DO RAMO AGRÍCOLA POR MEIO DO CAIXEIRO-VIAJANTE
Authors: Rex Suellen Priscila , Geórgenes Mallmann Higor , Linn Ruppenthal Ivete
Published: March 2022

Neste estudo objetivou-se determinar a rota otimizada para deslocamento entre 15 unidades, dividida em duas divisionais de uma empresa do ramo agrícola. Com o estudo buscou-se responder a problemática de qual é a melhor rota para realizar visitas às 15 unidades visando a minimização da distância percorrida. Para isso, foi aplicado o problema do caixeiro-viajante, o qual foi modelado como um problema de programação inteira binária, para determinar a melhor rota para cada uma das divisionais. Esta pesquisa, quanto aos seus objetivos classifica-se como exploratória e quantitativa. Os métodos de procedimentos são o estudo de caso e a pesquisa descritiva. Os dados foram coletados por meio da observação e entrevista informal e, tratados utilizando o suplemento Solver do Excel para a solução do problema. Considerando que o gestor deve sair da cidade de origem, visitar cada cidade uma única vez e retornar à origem, com a modelagem do problema do caixeiro-viajante foi possível determinar a melhor rota para cada uma das duas divisionais e, através da aplicação do suplemento Solver do Excel, encontrou-se a melhor rota para a divisional I, que totaliza 765,4 quilômetros, e para a divisional II, onde serão percorridos 655,3 quilômetros. Estas rotas otimizadas trazem inúmeros benefícios para a empresa, entre elas destaca-se que com a minimização da distância percorrida, pode haver redução do custo e do tempo de deslocamento e também, haverá uma melhor organização do gestor.