bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENGARUH KEAKTIFAN MENGIKUTI EKSTRAKURIKULER PRAMUKA TERHADAP KEMANDIRIAN SISWA KELAS V SD NEGERI CIBUK LOR SEYEGAN SLEMAN TAHUN AJARAN 2017/2018
Authors: Prihanawati Devyta Restu , Hidayah Nur
Published: February 2020

eng:Independence is one of the important modalities for survival as adults. Schools are expected to teach and train children's independence through activities that can foster children's self-reliance. One of them is through extracurricular scouts. The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of activeness following extracurricular scout against the independence of students in grade V State Elementary School Cibuk Lor Seyegan Sleman Year Teaching 2017/2018 as many as 19 students.This research is an ex post facto research and according to its method is kind of quantitative research. The population in this study were 19 students. Data collection techniques using questionnaires. Instrument validity test using product moment correlation technique with SPSS version 16.00 and reliability test using alpha cronbach technique from SPSS program version 16.00. Data analysis techniques in this study using simple linear regression analysis techniques.The results showed that there is a positive and significant influence on the activity of extracurricular scouts on the independence of students of grade V SD Negeri Cibuk Lor Seyegan Sleman with a positive coefficient value of independence. This can be shown on the value of determinant coefficient (R2) of 0.409, tcount of 3.429 and significance value of 0.003. Because the significance value shows the number <0,05 then it can be concluded that the activity follows extracurricular scout have positive effect on independence.-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Ind:Kemandirian merupakan salah satu modal penting untuk bertahan hidup ketika dewasa. Sekolah diharapkan mampu mengajarkan dan melatih kemandirian anak melalui kegiatan-kegiatan yang dapat menumbuhkembangkan sikap mandiri anak. Salah satunya yaitu melalui ekstrakurikuler pramuka. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui pengaruh keaktifan mengikuti ekstrakurikuler pramuka terhadap kemandirian siswa kelas V SD Negeri Cibuk Lor Seyegan Sleman Tahun Ajaran 2017/2018 sebanyak 19 siswa.Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian ex post facto dan menurut metodenya merupakan jenis penelitian kuantitatif. Populasi dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 19 siswa. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner. Uji validitas instrument menggunakan teknik korelasi product moment dengan bantuan SPSS versi 16.00 dan uji reliabilitas menggunakan teknik alpha cronbach dari program SPSS versi 16.00. Teknik analisis data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan teknik analisis regresi linier sederhana.
PENINGKATAN AKTIVITAS DAN PRESTASI BELAJARMELALUI PENDEKATAN SAINTIFIK PADA MATA PELAJARAN IPA MATERI ALAT INDRA DAN PEMELIHARAANYA KELAS IV SD N 2 KALIBENING KABUPATEN WONOSOBO TAHUN AJARAN 2017/2018
Authors: Herman Herman , Hidayat Panji
Published: February 2020

The process of teaching and learning activities of science subjects The material of the Indra and Maintenance Equipment which is usually done is lecture and only emphasize on the book. Teaching activities centered on teachers. Learners prefer to listen and record rather than ask or express opinions. Passive state of learners make a mistake pahama concept of teaching materials. The scientific approach is expected to increase activity and learning achievement. This study is a classroom action research consisting of two cycles. Subjects in this study were students class IV SD N 2 Kalibening 2017/2018 academic year which amounted to 20 children. Data collection techniques include observation, tests, interviews, and field notes. Data analysis using quantitative and qualitative analysis. The success criteria of action are said to be active if the number of active learners reaches 61% -80%. Criteria for the success of science learning achievement The material of Indra and Pemelihraanya which escaped KKM is 75% ≥ 81%.The results showed that learning with scientific approach has increased. Improvement can be seen in terms of activity and learning achievement of learners. In cycle I the percentage of activity reached 50% and increased in cycle II to reach 74%. Percentage increase in cycle I is 55% and increase in cycle II by 90%. It is concluded that the application of scientific approach can improve the activity and learning achievement of the fourth grade students of SD N 2 Kalibening in the science learning of the material of the sensory equipment and its maintainers.
PENERAPAN METODE TEAMS GAMES TOURNAMENT (TGT) UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KECERDASAN EMOSIONAL ANAK PADA SISWA KELAS V SD MUHAMMADIYAH AMBARKETAWANG 2
Authors: Usmarani Usi , Kurniawan Muhammad Ragil
Published: February 2020

Many students experience emotional intelligence problems. This is seen in students who prefer to disturb their friends during the learning process, are angry with the teacher when given advice. Many also cannot regulate their moods like often shouting in class, so they cannot control their emotions when they are angry and upset both at their friends and their teachers. The application of the Teams Games Tournament (TGT) is expected to increase children's emotional intelligence, therefore this study aims to determine the increase in emotional intelligence using the application of the Teams Games Tournament (TGT) in fifth grade students of SD Muhammadiyah Ambarketawang 2. This research was included in a class action research consisting of two cycles. The subject of this study was fifth grade students of Muhammadiyah Ambarketawang Elementary School 2. The object of this research was SD Muhammadiyah Ambarketawang 2. This data collection technique was in the form of observation, questionnaires, and documentation. Data analysis used qualitative and quantitative analysis. The results showed that there was an increase in children's emotional intelligence using the Teams Games Tournament (TGT) method. Increased emotional intelligence can be seen from the acquisition of the pretest percentage score of 43.75%, after the action results of the percentage score of the first cycle to 68.75%, while the results of the percentage cycle II score to 81.25% included in the excellent category. Students can understand and be able to manage emotions well, there is mutual respect between friends, there is an increase in motivation in students, and students can establish good relations with others. The results of this study indicate that emotional intelligence can be improved through the Teams Games Tournament (TGT) method.
PERAN GURU DALAM MENANAMKAN KARAKTERI DISIPLIN SISWA DI SEKOLAH DASAR NEGERI BLEBER 1 PRAMBANAN SLEMAN
Authors: Kharisma Canggih , Suyatno Suyatno
Published: February 2020

This study aims to describe the planting of Discipline character in Bleber 1 Prambanan Sleman Elementary School, which includes the value of disciplinary characters instilled in the school. Student discipline is formed because of the teacher's leadership role that appropriately applies discipline in school. The teacher also has a role as a role model in implementing discipline. This study included qualitative descriptive research. The research subjects were principals, teachers, and students. The object of research is the role of the teacher in instilling student discipline. The technique of collecting data through interviews, observation, and documentation. The data analysis technique uses the Miles and Huberman models which include data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The results of the study showed that the planting of the character of the discipline of students at Bleber 1 Elementary School in Prambanan Sleman was well-created. The role of the teacher in instilling student discipline is as a role model and motivator. As a role model the teacher gives an example to students and as a motivator the teacher always gives advice to students. Supporting factors in instilling discipline in the form of giving gifts as appreciation and punishment as sanctions are very instrumental in regulating the pattern and behavior of students so that they are always orderly in carrying out a discipline. The inhibiting factor in instilling discipline comes from students' internal factors. Discipline is important in order to create a comfortable and safe learning environment in schools.
IMPLEMENTASI PROGRAM CERDAS ISTIMEWA DAN BAKAT ISTIMEWA (CIBI) DALAM PENGEMBANGAN PRESTASI AKADEMIK DAN NON AKADEMIK DI SD MUHAMMADIYAH CONDONGCATUR
Authors: Mardiah Tri , Rofiah Nurul Hidayati
Published: February 2020

This study aims to answer: 1) the implementation of the CIBI program in developing academic and non-academic achievements at SD Muhammadiyah Condongcatur, 2) supporting and inhibiting factors for the implementation of the CIBI program in developing academic and non-academic achievements at SD Muhammadiyah Condongcatur.This type of research uses descriptive qualitative research. The subject of this study was a team of coordinators and students who participated in the CIBI program. Data collection techniques use triangulation techniques and sources. The data analysis technique uses interactive data models of Miles and Huberman.The results of the study are as follows: 1) Implementation of the CIBI program in developing academic and non-academic achievements at SD Muhammadiyah Condongcatur through 3 stages, namely the planning, implementation, and evaluation stages. Planning for the CIBI program includes determining objectives, stages of the program, preparation of teaching staff, student selection criteria, facilities and infrastructure, and program funding. The implementation of the CIBI program includes the learning process, time and schedule of implementation, teaching materials, learning materials, and learning methods. The evaluation of the CIBI program put forward the cognitive and psychomotor aspects of students, the preparation of instruments for the assessment of the CIBI program, and the follow-up of the CIBI program. 2) Supporting factors of the CIBI program in developing academic and non-academic student achievements include: there is a coordinating team that teaches in the CIBI program in accordance with their fields, the CIBI program facilities are very complete, and school funding supports. The inhibiting factor of the CI program in developing academic achievement is the lack of time and teaching staff, scheduling material distribution is very difficult to do, and the difficulty of how to give motivation is always stable. While the inhibiting factors of the BI program in developing non-academic achievements are weather conditions and students who take part in 2 activities outside of school.
IDENTIFIKASI KESULITAN BELAJAR SISWA PADA MATA PELAJARAN IPA KELAS V DI SD MUHAMMADIYAH SEMINGIN
Authors: Nurhikmah Nurhikmah , Maryani Ika
Published: February 2020

This study aimed to find out how to identify student learning difficulties in grade V science subjects at SD Muhammadiyah Semingin. This research is a type of qualitative research. The subject of research is the class teacher's and all of the V students of SD Muhammadiyah Semingin which amounted to 14 students, 10 male students and 4 female students. The object of research is identifying student learning difficulties. The data collection techniques in the form of observation, interviews and documentation. The data analysis tehnuque using descriptive quality analysis. The results showed that learning difficulties were caused by 1) the difficulty of difficult science material that often uses scientific language, 2) learning difficulties lack of concentration while studying, 3) learning difficulties arising from internal factors and external factors. Student internal factors include psycho-physical impairment or lack of students (cognitive, affective, and psychomotor). While the external factors of students include all the situations and conditions of the surrounding environment that do not support student learning activities. Learning difficulties must be taken in several stages of activities such as 1) Identifying students who are expected to experience learning difficulties; 2) Determine the factors causing learning difficulties; 3) Determine how to overcome them.
PENGEMBANGAN MACROMEDIAFLASH 8 PROFESSIONAL BERBASIS KARAKTER CINTA TANAH AIR SUBTEMA KEBERAGAMAN BUDAYA BANGSAKU BAGI SISWA KELAS IV SD
Authors: Prabasari Dewi , Erviana Vera Yuli
Published: February 2020

The aim of this study; 1) to find out the steps to develop MacromediaFlash 8 Professional Based on the Character of Love of the Motherland in My Cultural Diversity Subtema for 4th grade students; 2) To find out the feasibility of MacromediaFlash 8 Professional Based on Land Love; 3) To find out student responses and teacher assessments of the quality of MacromdiaFlash 8 Professional that was developed. This study is a development research using the ADDIE development model (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation). The research subjects were class IV C students in a small group trial of 10 students and class IV B students in a large group trial. Techniques for collecting expert data collection (media experts, learning experts, material experts), on product trials using teacher assessment questionnaires and student responses as suggestions and input for the feasibility of MacromediaFlash 8 Professional Based on Love Characters Homeland that researchers developed. The results of the study showed that the assessment of media experts received a 77.7 score in the category "Eligible". Assessment of learning experts received a score of 86.5 with the category "Very Worthy". The assessment of material experts scored 81.6 with the "Very Worthy" category. In evaluating product trials (small groups) scored 91.85 in the "Very Worthy" category. In the assessment of usage trials (large groups) scored 91.60 in the "Very Worthy" category. The conclusion of use.
PENGARUH METODE FERNALD TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN MEMBACA PEMAHAMAN MATA PELAJARAN BAHASA INDONESIA KELAS IV SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Pratiwi Ragil , Wulandari Yosi
Published: February 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui mendeksripsi pengaruh metode fernald terhadap kemampuan membaca  peserta didik kelas IV pada mata pelajaran Bahasa Indonesia di SD  Negeri Golo Yogyakarta. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian  Quasi Expreimental Design dengan desain yang digunakan adalah Nonequivalent Control Group Design. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah peserta didik kelas IV SD Negeri Golo tahun ajaran 2018/2019 yang terdiri 2 kelas, yaitu kelas IV A dan kelas IV B dengan jumlah 53 peserta didik dengan Sampel  kelas IVA dan kelas IVB memiliki kemampuan dalam aspek kognitif yang relatif sama. pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik purposive sampling, yaitu responden yang menjadi anggota sampel. Variabel penelitian ada 2 yaitu variabel independent (variabel bebas) dan variabel dependet (variabel terikat) . Teknik pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan instrument tes yang telah diuji validasi dan reabilitasnya, dan juga menggunakan dokumentasi dan Observasi. Teknik analisis data menggunakan yang didahului dengan uji normalitas dan Homogenitas. Hasil  ini yaitu terdapat Rhitung 0,711 lebih besar dari pada Rtabel dikatakan valid karena lebih nilai (0,444). Uji realibitas dari 23 pertanyaan lebih dari (0,6) contoh 0,952 berarti reabel bisa penelitian. Hal ini ditunjukkan untuk menentukan hipotesis yaitu Thitung > Ttabel menggunakan uji independent sampel test dengan nilai sig 0,200 data ini Normal karena data lebih dari 0,05 untuk kelas IVA dan IVB. Nilai sig.(2-tailed) 0,000 adanya pengaruh. Sehingga terdapat ada pengaruh tingkat kemampuan membaca pemahaman di SD Negeri Golo Yogyakarta. Kesimpulan metode Fernald dapat meningkatkan prestasti peserta didik kemampuan membaca pemahaman Bahasa Indonesia di kelas IV SD Negeri Golo Yogyakarta.Kata Kunci: Metode Fernald., Bahasa Indonesia, Kemampuan membaca Pemahaman, SD kelas IV.
PENGARUH KETERAMPILAN MEMBACA PEMAHAMAN TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN PEMECAHAN SOAL CERITA MATEMATIKA SISWA KELAS V SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Andanik Rosselina Tria , Fitrianawati Meita
Published: February 2020

ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh keterampilan membaca pemahaman terhadap kemampuan pemecahan soal cerita Matematika peserta didik kelas V SD Muhammadiyah Ambarbinangun. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan penelitian kuantitatif dengan jenis penelitian ex-post facto. Subjek penelitian dalam penelitian ini adalah peserta didik kelas V SD Muhammadiyah Ambarbinangun yang berjumlah 66 peserta didik. Variabel yang diteliti yaitu keterampilan membaca pemahaman (Variabel X) dan kemampuan pemecahan soal cerita Matematika (Variabel Y). Teknik pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan tes yang telah diuji validitas dan reliabilitasnya, dan juga menggunakan wawancara. Pengujian hipotesis menggunakan analisis regresi linier sederhana dan korelasi pearson dengan bantuan program SPSS versi 20. Hasil penelitian yang diolah menggunakan uji regresi linier sederhana dan uji korelasi pearson menunjukkan bahwa keterampilan membaca pemahaman berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kemampuan pemecahan soal cerita Matematika, hal ini ditunjukkan dengan nilai sig kurang dari 0,05 yaitu sebesar 0,000 dengan persamaan regresi linier sederhana Y = 1,500 + 0,612X. Untuk Pearson Correlation diperoleh sebesar 0,746 sehingga jika dilihat dari pedoman derajat hubungan yang sudah tertera, pearson correlationnya adalah berkorelasi kuat. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa keterampilan membaca pemahaman berpengaruh positif terhadap kemampuan pemecahan soal cerita Matematika dengan derajat hubungan korelasi kuat.
PENGGUNAAN MEDIA AUDIO VISUAL DALAM PEMBELAJARAN BAHASA INDONESIA KELAS V DI SD MUHAMMADIYAH DOMBAN 2
Authors: Eggiet Eggiet , Erviana Vera Yuli
Published: February 2020

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi dunia pendidikan sekarang terus mengikuti perkembangan zaman untuk menghadiri berbagai edukasi dalam proses pembelajaran. Salah satunya dengan menggunakan media audio visual sebagai media pembelajaran. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan penggunaan media audio visual dalam pembelajaran bahasa Indonesia di kelas V SD Muhammadiyah Domban 2 Sleman, dan factor pendukung serta penghambat dalam penggunaan media audi visual pada pembelajaran.Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. Subjek penelitian ini adalah guru, 23 siswa kelas V, dan kepala SD Muhammadiyah Domban 2 Sleman. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Instrumen utama adalah peneliti dengan mengunakan alat bantu pedoman observasi, pedoman wawancara,. Data dianalisis melalui reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Teknik pemeriksaan keabsahan data menggunakan member check dan triangulasi.Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa Pelaksanaan pembelajaran bahasa Indonesia dengan media audio visual berjalan sesuai dengan RPP yang dibuat guru, komponen pembelajaran juga sudah terpenuhi dengan maksimal. Selain itu, didukung dengan sarana prasarana yang lengkap dari pihak sekolah. Hambatan tidak ada nya horden membuat sinar dalam ruangan kurang gelap dan apabila listrik mati proyektor tidak bisa digunakan.. Kata kunci: Media Audio Visual, Pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia, SD
PENGEMBANGAN MODUL PEMBELAJARAN TEMA 6 “CITA-CITAKU” SUBTEMA 1 AKU DAN CITA-CITAKU BERBASIS LITERASI MEMBACA KELAS IV DI SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Safithri Rizki Nurma , Erviana Vera Yuli
Published: February 2020

Peserta didik masih kekurangan referensi sumber belajar sehingga proses pembelajaran masih mengalami permasalahan dan hambatan yang dirasakan baik guru maupun siswa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui langkah-langkah pengembangan modul serta mengetahui kelayakan bahan ajar modul tematik terpadu pada tema 6 “Cita-citaku” subtema 1 “Aku dan Cita-citaku” berbasis literasi membaca.         Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian pengembangan ( R&D (Research and Development) menggunakan model ADDIE yang dilakukan melalui lima tahap, yaitu analisis, perencanaan, pengembangan, implementasi , dan evaluasi. Subjek uji coba yang digunakan adalah kelas IV SD Muhammadiyah Karangtengah Yogyakarta. Instrumen penelitian berupa lembar validasi dan anget. Teknik analisis data menggunakan analisis data kualitatif dan kuantutatif.       Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa modul tematik layak digunakan di dalam pembelajaran tematik terpadu. Hasil uji validasi dari ahli materi sejumlah 86,4 (Sangat Baik); ahli pembelajaran mendapat nilai 68 (Baik); ahli media mendapat nilai 82,1 (Sangat Baik); hasil uji coba produk kelompok kecil penilian guru sejumlah 85,6 (Sangat Baik); penilaian siswa diperoleh nilai 91,67 (Sangat Baik); Penilaian uji coba kelompok besar dari penilaian guru 90,4 (Sangat Baik); penilaian siswa diperoleh 95,21 dan masuk kriteria (Sangat Baik). Kata kunci: Modul Pembelajaran, Literasi Membaca, Sekolah Dasar
IMPLEMENTASI GERAKAN LITERASI SEKOLAH MELALUI INTRAKURIKULER DI SD MUHAMMADIYAH KARANGKAJEN YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Winata Andy Prasetyo , Setyaningrum Fery
Published: February 2020

This study aims to describe the implementation of the school literacy movement through the GICA intracuricular (morning reading) and GITA (morning storytelling) at the habituation stage and to know the supporting and inhibiting factors for the implementation of the school literacy movement through the GICA intracuricular movement (morning reading) and GITA (morning storytelling) habituation at SD Muhammadiyah Karangkajen Yogyakarta. This type of research uses descriptive research with a qualitative approach. The subjects of this study are the principal, teachers, students, data collection techniques using the method of observation, interviews, and documentation. Data analysis techniques in this study used the Miles and Huberman models. The data validity technique in this study uses the triangulation of techniques and sources. Based on observations, interviews, and documentation, it is known that the implementation of the school literacy movement through the GICA intracuricular (morning reading) and GITA (morning storytelling) at the habituation stage at SD Muhammadiyah Karangkajen Yogyakarta has been carried out. Supporting factors include school community awareness about the importance of literacy culture, students' awareness, availability of literacy facilities and infrastructures such as school libraries and reading angles, posters and bulletin boards in the school environment, library visit activities, active participation of school residents, program socialization school literacy movements, and parent participation of students. The inhibiting factors include book collection not complete, some reading corners have not used bookshelves, the implementation of the GITA program (morning storytelling) has not been maximized, and the new library staff has not optimally run library visits.
PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA SCRAPBOOK PADA KETERAMPILAN MENULIS SISWA KELAS IV SD MUHAMMADIYAH KARANGBENDO
Authors: Hapsari Oktafia Tri , Wulandari Yosi
Published: February 2020

This study aims to determine the procedure for developing scrapbook media on the writing skills of fourth grade elementary school students of fiction story material, as well as knowing the feasibility of scrapbook media on the writing skills of fourth grade elementary school students. This research is included in the research (R&D) by using the ADDIE development model with the following stages 1) Analysis, 2) Design, 3) Development, 4) Implementation, 5) Evaluation. The subject of the trial was conducted by media experts, material experts, learning experts, students and teachers. Data collection is done by questionnaire, interview and documentation. Data analysis uses qualitative data analysis and quantitative data. The results of the study of the validation of 85% of media experts with excellent categories. the results of the validation of the material experts 89.6% with a very good category. The results of validation from learning experts 82.7% with very good category. The results of the teacher's response to the small group trial 95% with a very good category, student responses to the small group trial 94% with a very good category. The results of the teacher's response to the large group trial 95% with a very good category, student responses to the large group trial 96.8% with a very good category. The results showed that (1) the scrapbook learning media was produced in writing skills, (2) the results of the entire product trial were categorized very well with a score of 91.2. These results indicate that the scrapbook media is suitable for use in the learning process and supports students' writing skills.
IMPLEMENTASI BUDAYA LITERASI PADA KEMANDIRIAN PESERTA DIDIK DI SD MUHAMMADIYAH SERUT BANTUL
Authors: Furi Desy Ika Ratna , Riyanto Sugeng
Published: February 2020

Literacy culture needs to be instilled early on, because it can foster students' interest in reading. Serut Muhammadiyah Elementary School is one of the schools implementing a literacy culture program. This study aims to explain the planning, implementation, evaluation of literacy culture programs at SD Muhammadiyah Serut, as well as describing the independence of students in literacy culture at SD Muhammadiyah Serut. This type of research uses descriptive research with a qualitative approach. The research subjects were school principals, class III teachers and class IV teachers, librarians, class III and IV students taken randomly. The objects in this study are all matters relating to the independence of students in literacy culture in SD Muhammadiyah Serut. Data collection techniques used include observation, interviews, and documentation. Data were analyzed using the Miles and Huberman models, while to test the validity of the data using source triangulation and technique triangulation. The results showed: that literacy program planning is related to the vision, mission and goals of the library, while the literacy culture has been running smoothly. Literacy cultural activities include reading iqra, reading Juz 'Amma, reading activities 15 minutes before the lesson begins, short story activities and bulletin classes. The next stage is the evaluation at Serut Muhammadiyah Elementary School conducted once a semester, to find out the extent of the literacy culture program. In the independence of students in the culture of literacy at Serut Muhammadiyah Elementary School as students do not read when the teacher does not ask. Then students are not confident when reading the results of their work.
When dementia and delirium come together
Authors: Moore Angela , Dening Karen Harrison
Published: February 2020

Delirium is a multifactorial syndrome that, when superimposed on dementia, can lead to twice the risk of being admitted to acute care than for a person who is cognitively intact. Early detection of delirium can be a challenge, especially when there is an existing diagnosis of dementia. Despite the wealth of literature, there continues to be a widespread lack of knowledge about delirium, and under-detection in all types of health and social care settings.

This lack of recognition may lead to poor health outcomes and increased mortality. There is a need for effective training for staff working in community settings, and effective communication between health and social care staff and families who are affected by delirium. Furthermore, delirium superimposed on dementia is common, and may cause distress for patients, caregivers and staff. This article will explore some of the common factors when delirium is comorbid with dementia.
Principles for remote consultation and prescribing
Authors: Frankova Helena
Published: February 2020

New guidance for health professionals providing remote advice and treatment, a relatively new and growing area, summarises current standards and guidance for providers in England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland
Communication: Three key questions
Authors: McCutcheon Jonathan
Published: February 2020

As busy as a practice manager's schedule is, it is important to take time and reflect on how things are going both professionally and personally
Coronavirus: Be prepared
Authors: Moffat Polly
Published: February 2020

The numbers of people infected with coronavirus are increasing across the globe. What is the advice for primary care settings in the UK?
Josep Estalella i Graells (1879-1938): el científic que va renovar l’educació secundària.
Authors: Baltà i Moner Jaume , Domènech i Domènech Salvador
Published: February 2020

Few teachers are remembered beyond the lifetime of their students, and fewer still when their specialty is the history of education. But one exception to this rule is Dr Josep Estalella (1879–1938), whose lifelong involvement with active learning resulted in enduring contributions to teaching methodology and teaching resources. Estalella’s commitment and leadership as director of the “Institut-Escola”, the Government of Catalonia’s progressive secondary school of the 1930s, made pedagogical change possible in Catalan secondary education. One hundred years after it was originally published, Estalella’s Ciència Recreativa (Recreational Science) is still considered to be a valuable teaching resource for helping children develop intellectually through play.
Simulation of a machine vision system for reflective surface defect inspection based on ray tracing
Authors: Zhang Pengfei , Cao Pin , Yang Yongying , Guo Pan , Chen Shiwei , Zhang Danhui
Published: February 2020

A complete simulation of a machine vision system aimed at defect inspection on a reflective surface is proposed by ray tracing. The simulated scene is composed of the camera model, surface reflectance property, and light intensity distribution along with their corresponding object geometries. A virtual reflective plane geometry with scratches of various directions and pits of various sizes is built as the sample. Its realistic image is obtained by Monte Carlo ray tracing. Compared to the pinhole camera model, the camera model with a finite aperture emits more rays to deliver physical imaging. The bidirectional reflectance distribution function is applied to describe the surface reflectance property. The illustrated machine vision system captures a number of images while translating the light tubes. Then the image sequence obtained by experiment or simulation is fused to generate a well-contrasted synthetic image for defect detection. A flexible fusion method based on differential images is introduced to enhance the defect contrast on a uniform flawless background. To improve detection efficiency, defect contrast of synthetic images obtained by various fusion methods is evaluated. Influence of total image number, light tube width, and fusion interval is further discussed to optimize the inspection process. Experiments on car painted surfaces have shown that the simulated parameters can instruct the setup of the optical system and detect surface defects efficiently. The proposed simulation is capable of saving great effort in carrying out experimental trials and making improvements on reflective surface defect inspection.
Optical Sensors and Sensing, 2019: introduction to the joint feature issue
Authors: Fleisher Adam J. , Chan Ka-Lok , Ferreira Mario F. S. , Moses Wesley J. , Pellegrino Paul , Shi Sheng-Cai , Walker Kaley A.
Published: February 2020

This joint feature issue of Optics Express and Applied Optics highlights contributions from authors who presented their latest research at the OSA Optical Sensors and Sensing Congress, held in San Jose, California, USA from 25–27 June 2019. The joint feature issue comprises 6 contributed papers, which expand upon their respective conference proceedings. The published papers introduced here cover a range of timely research topics in optics and photonics for active open-path sensing, radiometry, and adaptive optics and fiber devices.
Photonic-chip based free space beam shaping and steering for advanced optical microscopy application
Authors: Lahrberg Marcel , Tsige Dullo Firehun , Ahluwalia Balpreet Singh
Published: February 2020

Photonic-chip-based light illumination has recently found applications in optical microscopy and nanoscopy methodologies. The photonic chip removes the dependency on imaging objective lenses to generate the required illumination patterns for different microscopy methods. Until now, all the reported chip-based optical microscopy methods exploit the evanescent field present on top of a waveguide surface and are thus inherently limited to two-dimensional microscopy. Here, we perform systematic simulation studies to investigate different chip-based waveguide designs for static and dynamic shaping of light beams in the free-space. The simulation studies have been carefully designed considering the photo-lithography limitations and wavelength spectrum (405 nm to 660 nm) that is of interest in fluorescence based optical microscopy and nanoscopy. We first report the generation of a quasi-Bessel beam (QBB) using an on-chip axicon made at the end facet of a planar waveguide to mimic light sheet illumination. This is extended to the implementation of a counter propagating QBB for lattice light-sheet applications. The double axicon, a derivative of the axicon generates superimposed Bessel beams (SBB). Its waveguide-based implementation is proposed and analyzed. Finally, we investigate an optical phased array (OPA) approach to allow dynamic steering of the output light in the free-space. The aim of this study is to find suitable waveguide design parameters for free-space beam shaping operating in the visible spectrum opening possibilities for three-dimensional chip-based optical microscopy.
Contribuições de Múltiplas Nacionalidades em Prol da Educação em Empreendedorismo
Authors: Lima Edmilson de Oliveira , Cunha Júlio Araújo Carneiro da , Nassif Vânia Maria Jorge
Published: February 2020

O objetivo deste editorial é fazer a introdução da edição especial sobre educação em empreendedorismo (EE) da Revista de Empreendedorismo e Gestão de Pequenas Empresas (REGEPE). Para tanto, aqui se faz uma breve contextualização, levantam-se considerações sobre o tema, sintetizam-se os principais motivos de rejeição dos artigos não incluídos na edição e destacam-se contribuições dos artigos nela publicados, a fim de impulsionar o aperfeiçoamento da pesquisa sobre o tema no Brasil. A chamada da edição desafiou os pesquisadores a apresentarem diferentes visões, teorias e práticas de EE, a partir do estudo de questões críticas, como necessidades de conhecimento e diferenciação frente à educação tradicional.
pH-Sensitive Nanomedicine for Treating Gynaecological Cancers
Authors: Prasad Pramod Vishwanath , Purkayastha Kakali , Sharma Utkarsh , Barik Mayadhar
Published: February 2020

Emergence of various nanoscale drug carrier platforms as Drug Delivery Systems (DDS) has revolutionized the field of medicine.Nonetheless, theside-effects due to non-specific distribution of anticancer therapeutics in normal, healthy tissues remain to be a prime pitfall in curing cancers. Therefore, to achieve a better therapeutic efficacy, the use of a target-specific delivery, combined with a stimuli-responsive nanocarrier system, particularly pH-sensitive nanosystems offer an attractive strategy. Targeted drug delivery through pH-sensitive nanosystems offer the potential to enhance the therapeutic index of anticancer agents, either by increasing the drug concentration in tumor cells and/or by decreasing the exposure in normal host tissues. Therefore, nanoscale-based drug delivery through pH-sensitive nanosystems seem to be a boon for treating gynaecological cancers (as well as other cancers) without side-effects or with least harm to normal healthy tissues.
Factors associated with quality of life in the perspective of the elderly caregiver with Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Damasio Clélia Santana Reis , Oliveira Adélia Dalva da Silva , Santos Ana Maria Ribeiro dos , Almeida Camila Aparecida Pinheiro Landim
Published: February 2020

Este estudo teve como objetivo conhecer os fatores associados à qualidade de vida (QV) de cuidadores de idosos diagnosticados com doença de Alzheimer na perspectiva desses indivíduos. Foi um estudo descritivo, com abordagem qualitativa, baseado no método do Discurso do Sujeito Coletivo. Vinte cuidadores de idosos com diagnóstico de doença de Alzheimer participaram, durante um mês, no período de 18 de setembro a 18 de outubro de 2017. A coleta de dados foi realizada por meio de entrevistas com cuidadores de idosos com doença de Alzheimer. As perguntas foram feitas e gravadas em gravador, com a permissão do entrevistado. Os dados foram analisados ​​pela Classificação Hierárquica Descendente (DHC). Foram obtidas cinco classes: Conceito de qualidade de vida do cuidador idoso; Comportamento do idoso com Alzheimer; Problemas de memória do idosos e repercussões no trabalho do cuidador; Mudança no estilo de vida do cuidador familiar; e Repercussão de "ser cuidador" na qualidade de vida. A QV esteve relacionada a uma série de fatores (emocional, físico, financeiro, estado da doença dos idosos e o grau de conhecimento do cuidador sobre a doença). Os cuidadores apontaram que a não harmonia entre esses fatores pode ser crucial para afetar sua vida pessoal e profissional, bem como sua QV.
Coming and going to a surgical center, the evaluation of risks in transport of patients in a university hospital in Brazil
Authors: Naves Sinara Ferreira , Mendes-Rodrigues Clesnan , Felice Rosângela de Oliveira , Gomes Fabíola Alves
Published: February 2020

The patient’s in-hospital transport is an activity that must be performed with safety and quality and involves considerable risks, especially for surgical patients. The objective of this study was to evaluate the adequacy or not of transport of surgical patients from inpatient units to surgical centers and vice-versa. The transport and patient profile, the nursing workload, the professionals and conditions involved were assessed for each patient (or transport), and subsequently the transports were evaluated as inadequate (some non-conformity) or adequate. The transport was inadequate in 39.3% of the evaluations. The most common non-conformities were the lack of knowledge of the transport at the patient’s destination, incorrect documents, patient alone during the route, and absence of health professional during transport (when necessary). In this institution and in the period evaluated, the transport was mainly run by porter. Patients in rout to inpatient units have higher frequency of inadequate transport, mainly because of lack of communication with the destination unit. The increase in workload, evaluated by the Santos Score, also increased the risk of having inappropriate transport (OR = 1.21, CI95%: 1.08-1.16), and when the patients were grouped in minimal care versus non-minimal care, the latter also showed higher risk of inadequate transport. When the transports were evaluated separately by route, patients going to surgical centers had a higher risk when the Santos Score increased (OR = 1.168, CI95%: 1.07-1.27), and patients going to inpatient units had a lower risk when the Santos Score increased (OR = 0.605, CI95%: 0.46-0.80). In the last case, patients with a high workload were also accompanied by health professionals. The presence of a health professional when the patient was going to an inpatient unit also decreased the risk of inadequate transport (OR = 0.011, CI95%: 0.002-0.070). The patient returning to their origin unit showed more transport non-conformities. Perhaps the reason is the discredit attributed to risk in these patients once the surgical problem was solved. Thus, it is a fact that the patient nursing workload and the route of the transport were effective in predicting the risk of inadequate transport, being of great potential for practical use.
Agronomic performance of cotton and soybean cultivated under different cover crops and lime and gypsum doses
Authors: Benart Leila , Roque Cassiano Garcia , Campos Cid Naudi da Silva , Prado Renato de Melo , Vilela Rafael Gonçalves , Teodoro Paulo Eduardo
Published: February 2020

Soil management with the use of lime and agricultural gypsum can influence the development and yield of cotton and soybean crops. The use of cover crops avoids soil degradation and ensures nutrient cycling on the soil surface. In most cultivated species, the application of lime and agricultural gypsum provides corrections in the sub-surface soil, keeping the nutrients available. This study aimed to (i) verify whether cotton and soybean cultivated in succession to cover crops affect its agronomic performance and (ii) evaluate the influence of lime and gypsum doses on the agronomic performance of these crops. Two experiments were performed. The first experiment consisted of cotton cultivated in the off-season, and the second, of soybean cultivated in the regular season. The experiment was carried out under three plant residues (Urochloa ruziziensis, Pennisetum glaucum, and fallow area), combined with lime and gypsum doses. The experiment consisted of a completely randomized block design with four replications. For the cotton crop, only the gypsum doses influenced the variables plant height, initial and final population, and yield. Cover crops did not influence the agronomic performance of cotton and soybeans. The increase of lime doses resulted in a linear increase in cotton and soybean yield. The highest gympsum dose improved the agronomic performance of cotton plants; however, it only influenced the height of soybean plants.
First record of Geoglossum fallax (Geoglossaceae, Ascomycota) in the southernmost region of the state of Bahia, northeastern Brazil
Authors: Da Silva Lorrane Rocha , Fortuna Jorge Luiz
Published: February 2020

Informally known as black earth tongue, Geoglossum fallax has a large terrestrial dark brown or black ascoma. The species belongs to the Geoglossomycetes class of fungi, which includes the genera Geoglossum, Sarcoleotia, Thuemenidium and Trichoglossum. This study describes the first record of G. fallax in Bahia, northeastern Brazil, and presents the species’ main identification features. The specimens were found growing on a lawn, in Campus X, Bahia State University (UNEB), municipality of Teixeira de Freitas, southernmost region of Bahia state. After gross inspection and microscopy, all specimens were identified based on the specialized literature. Slides and exsiccata of specimens were deposited in the Fungi Collection, Fungal Biology Laboratory, Campus X, UNEB. This is the first record of G. fallax in northeastern Brazil.
The morphogenesis of marandu palisadegrass at fixed or variable heights in different seasons of the year
Authors: Santos Manoel Eduardo Rozalino , Cardoso Róger Carvalho , Silva Guilherme Portes , Carvalho Bruno Humberto Rezende , Basso Kelen Cristina , Van Cleef Flávia de Oliveira Scarpino , Carvalho Angélica Nunes de , Medica Jéssica Abreu de Sá
Published: February 2020

Height variations in a sward over the year may be efficient for increasing plant growth, compared with maintenance of the sward at a constant height. Thus, this experiment was conducted from February 2013 to May 2014 to characterise the development of Urochloa brizantha syn. Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu (marandu palisadegrass), managed under three defoliation strategies: constant height (30 cm during the entire experimental period), increasing height (15 cm in the winter, 30 cm in the spring, and 45 cm in the summer), and decreasing height (45 cm in the winter, 30 cm in the spring, and 15 cm in the summer). The experimental design was completely randomised, in a split-plot arrangement, with four replicates. Phyllochron was higher in the winter, but leaf and stem elongation rates and the number of live leaves per tiller were lower compared with the spring and summer. In the summer, the swards under increasing height displayed a higher phyllochron than those under decreasing and constant height. When comparing seasons, the highest leaf senescence rate occurred in spring. In the winter, the sward with increasing height had shorter leaves and stems, in contrast to the summer. The sward under decreasing height showed a high stem elongation rate in the spring. Marandu palisadegrass has great flexibility in terms of defoliation management and a typical seasonal development pattern. Modifying the sward height results in a gradual change in the development of marandu palisadegrass and generates residual effects on the subsequent season.
Toxicity of the essential oil of basil cultivars and hybrids and its repellent effect on stored grain pests
Authors: Costa Andréa Santos da , Arrigoni-BlanK Maria Fátima de , Bacci Leandro , Blank Arie Fitzgerald , Alves Péricles Barreto , Peixoto Magna Galvão , Santos Ane Caroline Celestino
Published: February 2020

Essential oils have emerged as an alternative to synthetic insecticides in the control of stored grain pests. The toxicity and repellency of the essential oils of four basil cultivars and three basil hybrids and the monoterpenes linalool, citral, and (E)-methyl cinnamate were evaluated in the stored grain pests Callosobruchus maculatus and Sitophillus zeamais. The essential oils of the cultivar Genovese and the hybrid 'Genovese' x 'Maria Bonita' were more toxic to C. maculatus. Conversely, the essential oils of the cultivar Sweet Dani and the hybrid 'Cinnamom' x 'Maria Bonita' were more toxic to S. zeamais. Among the monoterpenes, (E)-methyl cinnamate was the most toxic to both pests, taking 0.14 and 0.34 µL.mL-1 to kill 50% of the C. maculatus and S. zeamais populations, respectively. All essential oils from cultivars, hybrids, and monoterpenes were repellent to S. zeamais, except for (E)-methyl cinnamate. For C. maculatus, this effect was lower, being citral the most repellent compound. Results demonstrate the insecticidal potential of the essential oil of O. basilicum and its monoterpenes in the control of stored grain pests.
Morpho-agronomic characterization of Varronia curassavica germplasm conservated “Ex situ”
Authors: Oliveira Bruna Maria Santos de , Blank Arie Fitzgerald , Nizio Daniela Aparecida de Castro , Arrigoni-Blank Maria Fátima , Bacci Leandro , Nascimento Luís Fernando de Andrade , Sá Filho José Carlos Freitas de
Published: February 2020

Varronia curassavica Jacq. is a medicinal and aromatic plant native to Brazil. The essential oil of this species is valued by the pharmaceutical industry due to its bioactive substances containing anti-inflammatory properties. This study aimed to morpho-agronomically characterize 27 accessions of the collection of V. curassavica of the Active Germplasm Bank of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants of the Federal University of Sergipe. The experiment consisted of a randomized block design with three replications. The morphological characterization occurred in the field, by evaluating the variables plant height; canopy width; canopy shape; stem diameterstem color; leaf blades width, length, and length/width ratio; leaves, petals, and sepals color. The agronomic characterization was performed using the essential oils extracted from dried leaves by hydrodistillation in a Clevenger apparatus. Leaves dry matter yield per plant and essential oil yield and content were also evaluated. The accessions showed great variation for leaves color, with different shades of green, which allowed separating them into dark green leaf and light green leaf plants. Plant height values ranged from 101.33 cm (VCUR-801) to 345.33 cm (VCUR-701). The clustering analysis of the traits revealed seven distinct groups.  The accessions VCUR-103 and VCUR-001 were the most divergent, whereas the accessions VCUR-401 and VCUR-404 were the most similar. The morpho-agronomic characterization of V. curassavica accessions provides a correct description of the species by pointing out perspectives for genetic improvement, besides optimizing the conservation process.