bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Polyethylene Functionalized Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes via In Situ Polymerization
Authors: Li Shi Yun , Hu De Sheng
Published: October 2012

The MWNTs/PE nanocomposites are prepared by in situ polymerization with mulltiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) supported Cp2ZrCl2 catalyst and MAO as cocatalyst. The SEM and AFM results show that MWNTs are exfoliated and homogenously dispersed in PE matrix by the in situ polymerization. The up-shifting of the G band in Raman spectra show the strong compressive forces associated with PE chains on the MWNTs. The storage modulus of the MWNTs/PE nanocomposite can be increased by 160% even at low amount of MWNTs (0.2 wt %) due to MWNTs well-dispersed and exfoliated in the matrix. The TGA and DMA tests point to significant improvements on thermal and mechanical properties of the PE/MWNTs nanocomposites compared to pure PE.
The Study on Metal Nanopowders Synthesis in a High Boiling
Authors: Tang Kun
Published: October 2012

As a result of testing the large number of organic liquids, it was established that benzyl alcohol is the most suitable medium for the reduction of nickel compounds. This is a monohydric aromatic alcohol; its composition is described by formula С6H5−CH2−CH2OH. Benzyl alcohol has not very high boiling point (205 °C), the catalytic activity of nickel is low under these conditions, so the negative consequences of dehydrogenation become noticeable only if the process duration is tens hours. At the same time, the reducing potential of benzyl alcohol turned out to be rather high. In application of nickel carboxylates, the time of complete reduction did not exceed 3-4 hours, which allowed us to obtain high-purity nickel powders. Further development of the investigation showed that benzyl alcohol can be successfully used also to reduce the salts of other metals: copper, bismuth, silver, cobalt.
Simulation Research on Process Adaptability of Alloy Structural Steel 50Mn2V
Authors: Dong Zhong Bo , Dong Han Xiong , Hong Xia
Published: October 2012

This paper analyzes the adaptability of process of alloy structural steel 50Mn2V by simulating research. Through the high temperature tensile test、the multi-pass deformation test we study the deforming resistance characteristics of 50Mn2V steel, and carry on the contrast with high strength steels P20（3Cr2Mo）of a factory; Through thermo-plasticity test the high temperature thermoplastic of 50Mn2V steel is studied. The test result indicates a factory has ability to produce the high strength 50Mn2V steel completely with present equipment.
Sulﬁde Stress Cracking Resistance of High Strength Low Alloy Steel
Authors: Cheng Ji Hao , Sun Yi Qiang
Published: October 2012

This paper analyzed the HSLA pipeline steel’s stress corrosion behavior and mechanism which tested in the saturated solution of H2S. The steel’s SSCC susceptibility was determined by constant load tensile according to NACE TM-0177 standard. Used SEM observed the fracture, and then the steel’s corrosion rate and short-term corrosion behavior were analyzed by electrochemical polarization curves in saturated solution of H2S in the environment A. The results show that the steel has a large SSCC susceptibility and a high corrosion rate. What’s more, corrosion rate increases with the increase of immersion time. The results also show that the crack fracture of the steel is caused by anodic dissolution and the hydrogen which penetrates into the steel can increase the anodic dissolution.
Optimization of Aluminum Foam by Simulated Annealing
Authors: Zhang Xiao Hong , Zhang Jiang Tao
Published: October 2012

According to two parameters combination of the material thickness and air-gap depth, from the angle of pure optimization, this paper obtained the optimal parameters of single cavity and double cavity structure by using the simulated annealing algorithm for single cavity and double cavity of aluminum foam sound absorption structure of systematically optimization design at 100-4000HZ frequency band. Finally, studying effect of increasing the number of cavity on aluminum foam sound absorption properties.
Temperature Control and Crack Prevention of High-Performance Concrete Pier in San Yang Gang Tide Gate
Authors: Yang Zhong
Published: October 2012

San Yang Gang tidal sluice gate is easily to produce temperature crack at early age because of the use of pump hydrotechnic high performance concrete in the constructing process. Based on the analysis of parameters of three-dimensional temperature field and temperature stress field, comprehensive measures which are consist of lower inside temperature through cooling water pipes , keep the outer surface moist, increase temperature distribution bars, reduce pumping concrete slump and mixing polypropylene fiber were proposed. These comprehensive measures have solved the problem of temperature control and crack prevention successfully.
Experimental Research on the Flax/PP Thermoplastic Composite Material Hot Pressing Process
Authors: Yan Tao Hai
Published: October 2012

Flax yarn and PP filament can be made into flax/ pp lapping yarn. Weaving with the lapping yarn, and finally can crank the fabric into PP/ flax composite by hot pressing. Research on the thickness of composite material and the peeling properties of the composite material, we analyzed the correlative factors about the producing technics of composite by orthogonal experimental method. The results showed that the material’s thickness and the technics are the main influencing factors of the wettability, and forecast the technics of composite molding process to get the best wettability properties.
Study on the Six and Four Parties Loosen State Liquid Conduction Models of Yarns
Authors: Zhang Cai Qian , Lou Li Qin , Yao Ju Ming
Published: October 2012

With the classical mechanics principle, fluid mechanics principle and capillary conduction theory, the six parties and four parties loosen state model of yarn were established. The conclusions as migration distance liquid in yarn vs mean velocity is inversely proportion when the liquid in capillary is free of gravity. Liquid mean velocity of four parties loosen state model is twice of the velocity of six parties’; The lager volume filling rate of yarn has less liquid conduction ability.
The Study of Anti-UV and Anti-Solarization of Strength Synthetic Fiber
Authors: Ni Hai Yan , Gan Ying Jin , You Jin Ti
Published: October 2012

In view of anti-UV of the high strength synthetic fiber hoisting belt, the researcher compared the effects on anti-ultraviolet of SCJ-966 and HTUV100,through before and after intensity test and the test of Anti-solarization performance,then comparing with tests of fiber bundle strength,the reacher analyzed the effect of anti-UV and the difference on intensity.The result shows that:two UV performance are very good, far more than the European and national standards,and the webbing performance test results show that the UV protection of SCJ-966 UV protection is better than HTUV100, but the intensity rate is the former smaller than the latter, the extent damage of hoisting belt is the latter worse than the former.
Effect of Temperature and Humidity on Mechanical Properties of Rabbit Hair Fibers
Authors: Yang Qian
Published: October 2012

In this paper, it tests the mechanical properties of rabbit hair fibers in different temperatures and humidity. Contrast and analysis by experiment showed the temperature exerts a great influence on the tensile strain, breaking elongation, breaking force and breaking strength. In wetting condition, the tensile strain and breaking elongation increase, but the breaking force and breaking strength decrease. The rabbit hair fiber processing with too much water will make the structure easier to break and destroy.
The Use of Super Absorbent Polymer for Interior Decoration Materials
Authors: Niu Hua Qing , Hu Wei Ping
Published: October 2012

This paper is mainly about the use of super absorbent polymer for interior decoration materials. It introduces the super absorbent polymer and interior decoration materials. The structural properties make super absorbent polymer have an excellent ability to absorb water and keep it inside the materials. The analysis of technology, market, operation and cost show that super absorbent polymer is the best waterproof /dampproof materials in the interior decoration.
Preparation, Characterization and their Performance of the Supported Nanoscale Zero-Valent Iron Materials with Different Iron Contents
Authors: Pang Zhi Hua , Jia Xiao Shan , Liu Kai , Wang Zhen Xing , Luo Qi Jing , Luo Jun
Published: October 2012

Taking the organic modified montmorillonite as a carrier and dispersant, the supported nanoscale zero-valent iron materials with different iron contents were synthesized through the ferrous sulfate (FeSO4) and the sodium borohydride (NaBH4) in it. The structure and morphology of the materials were characterized by X-ray diffraction(XRD) and scanning electron microscopy(SEM). Finally, the performances of the supported nanoscale zero-valent iron were studied by high-performance liquid chromatography to determine the adsorption and degradation of 4-chlorophenol. The results indicate that the supported nanoscale zero-valent iron was well dispersed,different iron dosages imposed a visible effect on the morphology and particle diameter of iron;the degradation of 4-chlorophenol resulted from adsorption and degradation processes. Materials with different iron contents exhibited significantly different performance levels in terms of 4-chlorophenol adsorption and degradation.
A Comparative Study on the Waste Cotton Textiles Dissolved in the Solution of ZnCl2 and LiBr
Authors: Yan Tao Hai
Published: October 2012

Cellulose dissolution is one of the core issue of the process of the waste cellulose recycling. This paper study the dissolution process of the waste cotton textiles in the solution of ZnCl2 and LiBr, found that the ZnCl2 solution is more suitable for the cellulose dissolution, it is a very important significance for the recycling of cellulose in salt dissolution system.
Comparative Study on Structural Performance of Several New Regenerated Cellulose Fibers
Authors: Zhou Rong , Li Chun Guang , Yang Ming Xia
Published: October 2012

Regenerated cellulose fiber is the most widely-used and most variety of cellulose fiber. Five categories and ten kinds of fibers such as lyocell fiber, viscose fiber, modal fiber, bamboo pulp fiber, and sheng-bast fiber were chosen as the research object. The sectional shape, crystallinity and degree of polymerization of fibers were tested and analysis, to explore the nature of the reasons for the formation of fiber performance difference, and to verify through experiments.
Study on the Environmental Impact of Chongqing to Build the Western Biggest City
Authors: Bai Cheng Liang , Qin Rong Ting
Published: October 2012

according to the present situation, the necessity and urgency of building and enlarging " vocational education city" is elaborated. Vocational l education brand of Chongqing has set up with the harmonious development of Chongqing. Environmental impact of Chongqing to build the western biggest "vocational education city" is also studied.
The Study on Agricultural Non-Point Nitrogen Pollution Control
Authors: Zhang Gui Lan
Published: October 2012

Purification effects of riparian wetland in a natural state on pollutants are unstable and are always influenced by hydrology, climate, and extent of wetlands development. For this reason, study of the role of the purification function of riparian wetland in a natural state is ongoing. In this study, with the Kouma section of the Yellow River wetlands as the study area, using the field experiment method and the 15N enriched technique, the agricultural non-point nitrogen pollution control function of Phragmites communis Trin in riparian wetlands was studied. Artificial runoff events enabled the collection of a temporal and spatial array of samples within the wetland so that the plume of runoff water moving through the wetland could be traced and its attenuation determined.
Explore the Practice and Application of Environment Safety and Quality Management
Authors: Xia Song
Published: October 2012

Objective: Explore the practice and application of safety care management and quality management at work. Methods：Establish and improve the nursing management system, safety assurance and quality improvement through the development of clinical nursing assessment standards, supervision, inspection and evaluation of the hospital based nursing quality management to ensure the compliance of the basic quality indicators; raised the nursing quality，to improve with the basic pattern，we prefer both the long and short-term goals, implement and guide the nursing quality, to improve project implementation, quality management training and assessment. Results: Through the implementation of the management of nursing safety and nursing quality, hospital comprehensive nursing quality and service satisfaction has increased significantly. Conclusion: Implementation of nursing safety management and nursing quality management, which ensure the nursing quality of hospital-wide surveillance, improvement and implementation of nursing quality and service satisfaction improved to play a positive role in promoting. Through increased management, nursing quality management more standardized and institutionalized procedures, and enhanced the quality of nurses' awareness and sense of competition, play an enhanced role in the promotion of the service concept of "patient-centered", improve the nursing comprehensive quality, and create a safe and comfortable medical and rehabilitation environment.
Study of Synthesis of Nao-CaCO3 and Intermiscibility of PF and Nao-CaCO3
Authors: Jia Zhen , Chen Gong Zhe , Wang Cheng Yu , Li Guo Liang , Wang Xin Pu
Published: October 2012

This paper introduced common special effects of nano-CaCO3 with nanometer materials and prepared nano-CaCO3 using the raw material, CaCl2 and (NH4)2CO3 and surfactant, appropriate organic matter. The intermiscibility of Phenolic resin and CaCO3 was preliminarily researched and the distribution, morphology and size and of nano-CaCO3 were characterized and analysed by sample characterization methods.
Study on Casual Networks with Value Stream Mapping to Waste Disposal
Authors: Jin Mao Zhu , Ren Pei Yu , Wu Bin
Published: October 2012

A major activity in the journey towards lean is the effective management of the flow of products and services through the series of the activities involved in providing value to the customer, known as the value stream. Value Stream Mapping is one of the best tools to map complex production processes to identify activities and eliminated the waste. Researches show however non-linear complex systems cannot be dealt with effectively by simply using VSM. As a decision analysis technique, Bayesian Casual networkping solving cases under uncertainty. This paper aims to combine two methods in order to improve efficiency of non-linear production and service systems. Hence, the process complexity will be handled by the casual networks and the results are fed into the VSM, in order to identify the critical paths. By simplifying the complex processes will this study contribute to analysis of the lean Production and service systems.
Research on Preparation Technology Parameters of Two Organically Modified Bentonites
Authors: Wang Xiao Feng
Published: October 2012

This paper adopts the laboratory simulation methods and makes explorations on the best modification parameters of Bentonite affected by two kinds of organic substances, pig manure degradable solution and HDTMA. The best preparation technology condition for pig manure degradable solution modification Bentonite is W pig manure: WBentonite=3:1 (mass ratio). PH is 9. The reaction temperature is 40°C and the reaction time is 4h. The best preparation technology condition for HDTMA modification Bentonite is WHDTMA: WBentonite =1:2 (mass ratio). PH is 7. The reaction temperature is 90°C and the reaction time is 2.5h.
The Study on University Gymnasium Indoor Air Pollution Control
Authors: Qiao Yong
Published: October 2012

People spend 80% of your time indoors. Because indoor pollutant concentration is generally higher than the corresponding outdoor concentration, indoor air quality (IAQ) is obviously an environment of the component, about the human health and comfortable sense. This paper introduced the main source of the classification and main air pollution indoor environmental impact stadium. We analyses the main influencing factors on indoor air conditioning system of indoor air quality. Paper proposes some measures to improve the indoor air quality indoor stadium.
The Polluted Characters of Cr, Toluene and Dimethylbenzene in Contaminated Soil of Dongsheng Chemical Plant in Suzhou
Authors: Zhang Jian Rong , Shi Wei Lin , Wang Ru , Xue Song
Published: October 2012

We sampled total of 74 polluted soil samples in the polluted field, and set up 5 surface water inspect spots by means of setting plane sample points and deep well sampling according to the original produce layout and pollution situation of Dongsheng chemical plant. At the same time, we set 4 soil sampling points outside the polluted field, 6 inspect positions of surface water, and 4 atmospheres inspect stations. The total quantity and the concentration of active form of heavy metals elements in the soil samples were analyzed by atomic absorption spectra; and the volatility organic matters in the soil are measured using gas chromatography-mass spectrograph jointed measurement. The results show that the polluted concentration of Cr in sub-surface layer of the field is highest, and the largest concentrations of the total quantity of Cr, Cr6+, toluene and dimethylbenzene are 13900, 4840, 258 and 33.6 mg•kg-1, respectively. The datum show that the soil in the field is heavily polluted by toluene, dimethylbenzene, total Cr, and Cr6+, and some soil is characteristic of strong acid or strong alkali, and surface water inner the field exists heavy Cr6+ pollution.
The Assessment of Human Activities Impact on Spatial Heterogeneity of Soil Environment - Taking DongPing Forest Park as an Example
Authors: Liu Shi Dong , Xue Dong Qian , Gao Jun
Published: October 2012

Research of the impact of tourism activities on the soil has been a focus in domestic and foreign environmental impact research. Targeted at spatial heterogeneity that domestic and foreign soil environment impact research seldom touches, this paper took Dongping Forest Park on Shanghai Chongming Island as a sample land and made Chongming Forest Tourism Festival the major driving factor. Through comparative analysis of bulk density, organic matter of soil and soil available nutrient before and after the festival, the paper adopted PCA ranking to study the spatial distribution and law of heterogeneity of soil environment evolution in Dongping Forest Park under the impact of human tourism activities, and concluded that: (1) bulk density, organic matter, available nitrogen and available phosphorus showed regular changes, but the change of available potassium was not evidently regular. (2) As for the impact strength on large spatial scale, active area＞buffer area＞background area; and from the aspect of sample land scale, the sample lands of floating bridge and stage performances in the active area were under the greatest impact from tourists, while amusement park and tea house were not so strongly affected; the flower viewing2 sample land in buffer area was more affected than the flower viewing3 sample land; the background area was the least affected. (3) Bulk density, organic matter and available nitrogen in sample lands show regular changes in spatial heterogeneity, while the change of available phosphorus and available potassium was not regular enough. The impact of tourism activities on overall spatial heterogeneity of soil showed a homogeneity tendency.
Geological Environment and Prevention of Geological Disasters in Inner Mongolia Huogeqi-Qinshan Highway
Authors: Ren Xiang , Yuan Hua Juan , Zhao Rong
Published: October 2012

Geological environment characteristics were analyzed from rough weather, complex geological conditions, broken rock, development taluses, and densely distributed largeand stiff slopes,through an integrated comprehensive analysis and field reconnaissance.Control measures have been proposed：Optimize the line and the rock pile reinforcement is used to handle Class II and Class IIIrock pile，According to the different sections of the appropriate raise the road elevation Or set a larger cross section of bridges and culverts, and supplemented by the appropriate flood control measures to prevent the canyon embankment floods，This paper can be used as the reference of other roads.
An Overview of the Environmental Impacts of Coastal Tourism
Authors: Sun Rui Hong , Gao Jun
Published: October 2012

Tourism industry has been put within potentially fragile environment such as coral reefs, mangroves, and polar areas, and has become one of the major factors shaping landscape and sea in coastal zones. In order to improve the sustainable development of coastal tourism, there is a need to focus on the negative effect of tourism on environment in coastal zone. The aim of this paper is to examine this prior researches related to this topic. The study revealed that the environmental impacts caused by tourism can be seemed as a complex system including diverse internal and external interacted factors, and the relationships between coastal tourism and environment adapts over time in different stages of coastal destination development.
A Literature Review on Chinese Ecotourism Study Proceeding
Authors: Sun Rui Hong , Gao Jun
Published: October 2012

This article reviewed Chinese research literature on ecotourism in terms of the development background of China’s eco-tourism, document analysis of eco-tourism research, and research contents. According to the literature review and analysis, the research content in China focus on the concept of eco-tourism, ecotourism development & feasibility research, and the negative effect of tourism for the ecological environment. Moreover, China lacks a credible ecotourism accreditation scheme and the use of the term ecotourism is not legislated.
Health Hazard of Indoor Air Pollution and Plant Purification Technology
Authors: Deng Hui Jing , Li Yun Zhou
Published: October 2012

Household air pollution mainly falls into five categories: chemical pollution, radiant pollution, physical pollution, biological pollution and air particulate pollution. They do a great damage to human health. The plant purification is drawing wide attention, because it is economical, effective and it also has its ecological function and aesthetic values. Improper methods will cause the second-time pollution, and can hinder the growth of the plants. The core for plant purification is to choose the proper plants and scientific arrangement. Plants were chosen according to the function of the room, the composition of the pollutant, the ecological habits. The shade plants were mainly selected, together with the heliophilous ones. The plants to release oxygen during the day were combined with the ones during the night. The implement of plant purification technology is based on the scientific nursing of plants. The plants were nourished according to the ecological habits of appropriate sunshine, temperature and ventilation.
Environmental Conservation Efforts and Byproducts Recycling Technologies of JFE
Authors: Gu Hai Fang , Yao Chang Guo
Published: October 2012

JFE is the fifth largest Steel maker in the world with revenue excess of US$ 3 billion. It is committed to creating a more sustainable society through business operations in harmony with the environment. JFE Steel continuously strives to reduce the environmental load in the steelmaking process, resulting in the company’s extensive recycling of energy, water, and other byproducts. This paper reviewed the environmental conservation efforts achieved by JFE Steel. The treatment and recycling techniques of different metallurgical waste and byproducts (such as dust, slag and sludge) were also described in details. At last, the author put forward some expectations for the development of the China's steel companies.
An Empirical Study of Pesticide Waste Collection and Disposal System in Hangzhou, China
Authors: Sun Shi Yu , Zhang Qi Hang
Published: October 2012

This document analyzed several key factors (legislation, sources and costs) that concern to current pesticide waste collection and disposal system in Hangzhou, China. Legislation about pesticide waste management in Hangzhou and some Chinese cities were absent while management of pesticide waste enhanced in national legislation. Both total amount of pesticide used in field and pesticide applied in each acre decreased around 6% from 2006 to 2009 in Hangzhou since ecological agriculture projects carried out. Then narrowed the investigation to the study of costs of pesticides collection and disposal system in Yuhang division, which was a pilot project and cost for handling one ton pesticide waste was 32.77 Chinese Yuan. Suggestions about sustainability of the collection and disposal system in Yuhang were given for future implement.
Study of Beijing’s Environmental Safety Degree
Authors: Dou Pei Qian
Published: October 2012

As the capital of our country, the environment of Beijing should and must be safe. However, serious air pollution, shortage of water resources, increasing water pollution aggravates this problems. Through consulting literatures and field investment, the article evaluated and analyzed urban environment safety, it studies mainly environment unsafe degree caused by impact and harm on urban pollution. Based on the environmental pollution statistics in the 2007、2008、2009,it classified and graded the urban environment safety using analytic hierarchy process method and gray cluster analysis method, the article concludes that the environmental safety degree of each year in Beijing are 6.56、6.93、6.90，at the safe level.
As(III) and As(V) Removal on Manganese Dioxide
Authors: Kong Shu Qiong , Wang Yan Xin , Huang Xiao Wu , Wang Cheng
Published: October 2012

Experiments were performed to investigate the As(III) and As(Ⅴ) removal on manganese dioxide. 0.5 grams of manganese dioxide was reacted at room temperature for 3 hours with 50 mL As(III) or As(V) in synthesized groundwater. Throughout the reaction, concentration of arsenic decreased from 1.25 mg/L to 0.70 mg/L in As(Ⅴ) system, arsenic removal was about 44.27%. While in As(III) system, concentration of total arsenic decreased from 1.92 mg/L to 0.85 mg/L, arsenic removal was about 55.85%. When As(III) reacted with manganese dioxide, the concentration of As(Ⅴ) in solution reached the maximum value for the oxidation of As(III) after 45min, afterwards As(Ⅴ) decreased slowly for adsorption on manganese dioxide. In regard to total manganese concentration, it was 1.25 mg/L in As(III) system, was about 1.25 times of that from As(Ⅴ) system, this phenomenon was due to the redox of As(III) with manganese dioxide.
Spatial and Temporal Variations of Extreme Precipitation Events in Northeast China
Authors: Wang Yong , Ding Yuan Yuan , Miao Qi Long
Published: October 2012

Based on the daily precipitation data in Northeast China (NE China) from 1961 to 2010, six extreme precipitation indices (RX1day, Rx5day, R10mm, R20mm, R95T, and R99T) in NE China were calculated, and the temporal and spatial characteristics of extreme precipitation events were analyzed. The main results are summarized as follows: Except R99T, other extreme precipitation indicators all show the decreasing trend. All indicators are not significant. From the spatial distribution of extreme precipitation indicators, extreme precipitation indicators have different change situations in various regions, and the decreasing trends are dominant. This shows that the climate has become dry in NE China. It is important to forecast and reduce the climate induced flood risks and provide information for rational countermeasures.
Towards Sustainable Resources Development in Beijing: SWOT Analyses of Urban Mineral Industry
Authors: Yang Yi Bo , Li Yi Feng
Published: October 2012

Urban mineral is a description of the image of waste recycling and remanufacturing industry on a large scale. In this paper, Urban Mineral Industry is analyzed using strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats (SWOT) analysis systematically. The most important positive features were Political status, Well-developed regulation, Government financial support, Technology support and Potential of recycling. Shortcomings and deficiencies in the field of Waste classification, waste recycling system, management systems and market functions needs to be better improved. Construction of the World's City and Regional integration were seen as a potential opportunity for Urban Mineral Industry. However, there is substantial uncertainty and skepticism concerning that rise in energy prices and capital costs, environmental capacity and ecological safety risk and impact from foreign enterprises.
Hydrodynamic Characteristics Change of the Pearl River Delta Channel Network in the Recent 50 Years
Authors: Tan Chao , Huang Ben Sheng , Yang Qing Shu , Qiu Jing
Published: October 2012

The Pearl River delta channel network in the 1950s and 1990s is modeled and validated, and the hydrodynamic characteristic is analyzed during flood and drought at the same time. The study result shows that the model well simulates the real situation, which can be used for hydrodynamic characteristics analysis; There were obvious split ratio changes in the main branch in the late 50 years, the change degree of node in North River and near by is greater than West River’s. The waterlevel line of the West River main stream in the 1990s is generally lower than in the 1950s, especially the upstream of West River is more dramatic decline. River terrain changes caused by intensive human activities is the main reason why hydrodynamic force of the Pearl River Delta channel network district changed for the past 50 years.
Heavy Metal Migration Rule in Yangshanchong Tailings of Tongling
Authors: Huang Jie Ying , Xu Xiao Chun , Chen Li Wei , Zhou Yuan Xiang
Published: October 2012

This study investigated the Yangshanchong tailings reservoir to determine the migration of heavy metals in mine tailings. By paralleling to tailings discharge direction, we set 4 sampling profiles, open channel excavation sampling. The results showed that the transfer rates of Cu, As, Hg, Cd, and Pb are relatively fast, while that of Zn is slower. Hg, Cu, Cd, Pb and Zn secondary enrichment appear at 40~80cm. There are some discrepancies in the heavy metal migration characteristics in different places. At the highest part of the tailings reservoir, heavy metal element's content is higher than the other sampling points, heavy metals leaching quantity is small, while in the low-lying areas, Zn, Cu and Cd form a local enrichment in the surface, and also part of heavy metal elements secondary enrichment in less than 100 cm shallow tailings. Surface grass planting can cause some elements to enrich, which might hinder the rehabilitation in the tailings reservoir.
Distribution of Soil Nutrients and Productivity of Tropical Farmland: A Case Study of Ledong Li Autonomous County, China
Authors: Wang Deng Feng , Wei Zhi Yuan , Lv Lie Wu , Qi Zhi Ping
Published: October 2012

The distribution of soil nutrients and soil productivity of farmland in Ledong Li Autonomous County (Ledong County) are studied. By forming an indicator system for assessing farmland productivity, which includes three sub-goals of site conditions, soil physicochemical properties and soil profile configuration, and applying Analytic Hierarchy Process to determine the weight sum, the farmland productivities are estimated. The results indicate that soil nutrients and farmland productivity are in moderate level but unevenly distributed in each Town of Ledong County. The distribution of farmland productivity is closely related with topography and river distribution, where irrigations and slopes are main determining factors of uneven distributions of soil nutrients and farmland productivity in study area. Soil acidification of surface layers in tropical areas was significant in last 30 years. Ways to fertilize should be altered in order to prevent soil acidifications and improve its farmland productivity.
Improved Multi-Level Fuzzy Recognition for the Evaluation of the Acoustic Environment
Authors: Lu Zhi Hao , Shi Yong Chao , Lin Ying , Han Meng Jie
Published: October 2012

Since the method of single factor and multi-object for acoustic environment evaluation would get inaccurate results, an improved multi-grade fuzzy recognition model is proposed. Taking into account the factors of affected time and the number of people affected, it is a multi-factor and multi-object evaluation method. This method not only eliminates the wrong results caused by the misuse of the maximum subordination principle, but also avoids weakness of the principle. Moreover, it is applied to evaluate acoustic environment of Hohai University Xikang Road campus. The evaluation results correspond with the subjective attitude of the teachers and students, which proves the validity and correct.
Projecting Spatial Patterns of Extreme Heat Hazard to Human Health under SRES B2 Scenario
Authors: He Shan Feng , Ge Quan Sheng
Published: October 2012

Higher temperature will have serious effects on human health in the context of global warming. Projection of changes in extreme heat hazard is critical to assess the potential impacts of climate change on human health. Using PRECIS simulations, two indices – hot days and heat-wave days – were selected to project the spatial patterns of extreme heat hazard for the baseline period (1961–1990) and future (2011–2040) over China under SRES B2 scenario. The results showed the annual hot days would increase from 10.2 days to 17.3 days, and the annual heat-wave days from 11.5 days to 22.6 days. The extreme heat hazard in most areas of the country would become higher to some extent except for Tibetan Plateau, and the area percentage of extreme heat hazard grade 5 would extend from 2.3% to 13.7%.
Based on the Factor Analysis of Guangdong Province Environmental Quality Evaluation
Authors: Wang Jun Qing , Wang Pu , Chang Jing , Yuan Fei
Published: October 2012

In this article, it does a ranking evaluation of 21 prefectural-Level cities in Guangdong province using the factor analysis methods which is based on the statistics on the discharge and treatment of “Three Wastes—industrial wastewater, waste gas and solid wastes” of this 21 cities which is stated in . The research results shows that the compliance rate of “three wastes” and purification degree of industrial smoke and solid wastes play important roles in the evaluation, and the top six cities in this ranking are Guangzhou, Dongguan, Zhuhai, Foshan, Shantou and Jiangmen.
Numerical Simulation and Water Tank Experiment on Atmospheric Wind Field over a Mountain under Neutral Stability Condition
Authors: Xie Dong , Liu Ze Hua , Xiong Jun , Ye Yong Jun
Published: October 2012

Analysis and forecast atmospheric wind velocity profiles have the important roles in research the dispersion of the pollutants and its effects to surrounding environment. A three-dimensional numerical modeling on atmospheric wind flow over a mountain under neutral condition was processed to attain the velocity contours of atmospheric wind field on complex terrains. Meteorological conditions and geographical conditions including four downwind velocities and two underlying surface roughness characteristics were considered in the present study. Water tank experiment and Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) technology were used to gain typical wind flow field and validate the simulation results. The numerical results agree well with the experimental results, which prove the numerical methods used in this paper could be the alternative good tool to research and forecast atmospheric wind field.
Urban Forests Carbon Storage and Sequestration Benefits in Changchun City, Based on i-Tree Model
Authors: Zhou Chang Wei , He Xing Yuan
Published: October 2012

The study area and plant 928786 trees, of which the most enjoy trees, accounting for about 45.6% of the total number of trees in the city. Eight of the region in the study area covered 2.7-7.9% of trees. Salix matsudana, Populus pseudo-simonii, Pinus sylvestnis var. mongolica Litv, Pinus tabulaeformis var.mukdensis Uyeki and Prunus persica f. rubro-plena is the most important species, they represent 32.2% of the number of all the trees, leaves area of 50.6% and 43.1% of the leaf biomass. The city a lot of trees concentrated in diameter at breast height 15.3-38.1 cm. In general, the tree is younger Changchun city (50.7% of DBH less than 23 cm). A large part of Changchun city area (accounting for 54% of the whole city) is by impervious material, asphalt, cement, stone cover, and the remaining 46% is permeable ground, herb areas, lawns and a small proportion of the pond, artificial lakes and rivers.
On the Habitation Water Environment in New Rural Construction - Based on a Survey of the Certain Area
Authors: Liu Guo Xu
Published: October 2012

Through the studying a typical area and investigating, the authors focus on the water environment in rural residential areas. Problems related to it even have been the core of the new rural construction. Mainly they are: Water environment within rural settlements in serious deterioration, Modification of the capacity declining and Isolated to the irrigation system. Some suggestions are also put forward to these problems. Something must be done to ameliorate and improve the water environment of the residential area in rural region.
The Application of Three-Dimensional Geographic Information System in Water Conservancy Projects
Authors: Zhang Li Sun , Chen Jing , Sun Wen Ping
Published: October 2012

In this paper, put forward a real-time navigation method adopted in the process of 3D virtual geographical scene roaming, which get the real combination between the virtual reality technology and mature GIS applications. And it has realized the entity location, property information, the management of the buffer zone and other functions through the geographical coordinates of the earth's counterpart in the 3D virtual geographical scene. However, the functions are likely to bring out only if it is in the 2-D environment previously. It has provided an effective assistance for the daily management. And the solution has been proved that not only is applicable to the basin simulation system development, but also has referenced value in involving the development of the GIS simulation.
Set Pair Analysis Method for Water Quality Evaluation Based on Nonlinear Power Function
Authors: Si Qi , Li Ming Chang , Zhang Guang Yu , Liang Shu Xiu , Sun Zhao Chen
Published: October 2012

In this paper, synthetic evaluation method with nonlinear power function for membership function and systematic procedure are presented with set pair analysis theory. The case study shows the presented method works well in one building site of Bohai Bay and has advantages of concision, easy-operation and high precision, so the evaluation results are credible.
Transformation and Migration of Heavy Metals by Aquatic Worms in Wastewater Treatment
Authors: Huang Wei Fei , Shu Ying Gang , Cai Lu , Si Sheng Liang
Published: October 2012

L. hoffmeisteri was inoculated in reactor to investigate the effects on waste sludge and wastewater to reduce excess sludge and reduce the environmental risk of heavy metals in sludge and effluent in this study. The result showed a gravimetric sludge reduction of 53.8% and modification in the texture of the sludge. The residual form of heavy metals (As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn) was increased, which reduced the risk of the phytoaccumulation. An evident concentration of heavy metals in worm faece and a bioaccumulation of heavy metals in aquatic worms were also observed. Activated sludge is reduced significantly, sludge settleability is improved and the bioavailability of heavy metals in waste sludge is minimized, which are beneficial to wastewater treatment and safe disposal of waste sludge.
Influence Parameters in the Ozonation of Clofibric Acid Using a Cascade Bubble Column
Authors: Duan Yan Ping , Geissen Sven , Chen Ling
Published: October 2012

Ozonation of clofibric acid (CA) in aqueous solution was carried out under continuous operation in a cascade bubble column. The influence of operation parameters including initial CA concentration, gas flow rate, liquid flow rate and pH on the removal of CA and TOC was investigated. The results indicated that ozonation could be used to effectively remove CA from water. Increasing the initial CA concentration resulted in a decrease of the CA and TOC removal efficiency. A comparison of CA removal efficiency and ozone utilization between cascade and conventional bubble column indicated that cascade bubble column was an effective way for increasing the solubility ozone in the reactor.
Nitrogen Loads in Leaching Waters of Soils in Different Lands under the Conditions of Natural Rains in Dachong Watershed in Yun-Gui Plateau of PRC
Authors: Wang Zhen Hong , Xu Chang Min
Published: October 2012

It is crucial to understand the nitrogen output loads in leaching water of soils in different lands controlling non-point source pollution. Leaching water collecting devices were installed in soils of 7 kinds of typical land use types in a representative watershed to collect water samples and evaluate output loads of TN, nitrate nitrogen, and ammonium nitrogen under the conditions of natural rains. Results showed that concentration of TN, nitrate nitrogen, and ammonium nitrogen in leaching water from vegetable fields and slope croplands were significantly higher than those from other lands. The concentration of these three indexes in leaching water from rice fields was lowest during the whole growing period except for seedling establishment and tillering stages among slope croplands, terraced fields and paddy fields. With the growth of crops and increasing depth of soils, different-typed nitrogen concentration in leaching water from different lands gradually decreased. Slope croplands, terraced lands and secondary evergreen broadleaf forests generated high output loads of nitrogen pollutants but rice fields and vegetable fields not due to less leaching water and open forests and sugiki forests not due to low nitrogen concentration in leaching waters. On the average, the output loads of TN, nitrate nitrogen, and ammonium nitrogen were 179.764 kg•ha-1，103.645 kg•ha-1 and 7.431kg• ha-1 in the watershed. The study revealed the intensity of nitrogen pollution from different land uses in typical watershed of Yun-Gui plateau.
Chemical Forms and Bioavailability of Cu, Zn, Ni and Cd in Fly Ash and Calcium Oxide Stabilized Sewage Sludge
Authors: Su De Chun , Wong Woon Chung
Published: October 2012

Coal fly ash at 10 and 35% (m/m) was mixed with dewatered sewage sludge (on fresh weight basis) and then the ash-sludge mixture was mixed separately with 1 and 2% (m/m) calcium oxide to kill the entrained pathogens and to suppress the availability of heavy metals enriched in sludge. A sequential extraction method was used to determine chemical forms of Cu, Zn, Ni and Cd in the sludge and fly ash and CaO stabilized sludge. A loamy acid soil amended with sludge and stabilized sludge was used to grow corn under greenhouse conditions. The results showed that sewage sludge amended with coal fly ash and CaO could reduce the availability of Cu, Zn, Ni and Cd in the sludge. Increasing fly ash and CaO amendment rate significantly increased pH and reduced DTPA extractable Cu, Zn, Ni, Cd contents and EC of the sludge. Fly ash and CaO addition significantly reduced the Zn and Cd concentration in exchangeable and total fraction. But add CaO significantly increase the Cu concentration in exchangeable fraction. Majority of Cu was associated with organic form, but Zn and Ni were associated with Fe-Mn oxide and residual forms. Fly ash and CaO addition significantly increase the percentage of Zn and Ni in residual fraction. Addition of 10% fly ash amended sludge and 10% fly ash then 1% CaO amended sludge significantly increased the dry weight yield and decreased the concentrations of Zn, Cu and Cd in shoot of corn. The results demonstrate the beneficial effects of fly ash and CaO addition on suppress the availability of heavy metals enriched in the sludge.
The Effect of Feed Steam on MED Dealing with High-Salinity Wastewater
Authors: Xue Jian Liang , Zhao Dong Feng , Li Shi , Shen Chan Chan
Published: October 2012

The treatment of high salinity wastewater treatment in refinery has been widely noticed due to more and more stringent laws and regulations. In the paper, in order to deal with the high salinity wastewater efficiently, a MED process was performed, and mathematical modeling was established to discuss the effect of feed steam on MED dealing with high-salinity wastewater. The results indicated that the temperature of steam produced by different low-temperature heat and pressures of the steam could all affect the MED system obviously. For example, the mass of pure water increased slightly with the increase of feed steam temperature in 3 effects system. With the same pressure feed steam, more mass of pure water was produced by fewer effects system, etc. This paper would provide a very useful reference for the high-salinity wastewater reduction via MED process in petroleum refinery.
Research on the Phosphorus Removal Mechanisms and Approaches in Various Horizontal Subsurface Flow Constructed Wetlands
Authors: Tang Zhi Ru , Wen Yue , Zhou Qi
Published: October 2012

This research studied that performances and mechanisms of phosphorus removal in three types of HSFCW: reed/gravel bed system (W1), multiple plants/gravel bed system (W2) and reed/multiple substrates bed system (W3). Spatial distribution and fractionation analysis of phosphorous in different substrates showed that the accumulated phosphorous in gravel, zeolite and steel slag were mainly in forms of Ca/Mg-P, residual-P and Fe/Al-P respectively. Biomass and phosphorus contained in plants harvested in early autumn was obviously higher than that contained in plants of late autumn, so the optimal harvest time should be late October. Among three systems, the phosphorus removal by adsorption and sedimentation of substrates accounted for 67%-76% of the total phosphorous removal and was the major channel for phosphorous removal. Removal by harvesting plants ranked second, accounting for 15%-21%. Other removal mechanisms accounted for about 10%. The research reveals that W3>W2>W1 in phosphorus removal efficiency in HSFCWs.
Research on Informationization of Beijing E-Waste Recycling Network
Authors: Sun Li Wei , Yang Yi Bo
Published: October 2012

China has been actively promoting the national “urban minerals” demonstration bases, which brings great opportunities to upgrade the e-waste recycling network. This paper analyzed two problems of Beijing e-waste recycling network: lack of fundamental data and inefficiency of resources utilization, revealing that informationization is the effective way to promote scientific management and high-efficient operation of the e-waste recycling network. The main content of informationization is to build an information management system, and its primary objective is to informationize business processes. According to requirement analysis, system functions are preliminarily designed. The information management system would improve operating efficiency of the recycling network, as well as act as a basic tool of supervision, and also provide a reference for the development of e-waste recycling network of Beijing and other cities of China.