bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ungedruckte Briefe (1618, 1653–1661) des jungen Heidelberger Hofsekretärs bzw. des alten pfälzischen Dichters und zweibrückischen Hofrats und Präfekten Balthasar Venator (1594–1664)
Authors: Kühlmann Wilhelm
Published: December 2022

The letters edited here do complete the Gesamtausgabe (Heidelberg 2001) of Balthasar Venator’s works and letters. The author was a friend of Martin Opitz, scholar, poet, biographer, satirist and high ranking court counsellor and prefect of Meisenheim in Pfalz-Zweibrücken. The first three letters to the Heidelberg Professor Janus Gruter (written around 1618) are edited, translated and commented. In addition, this edition presents letters from Venators late period to the friend and pastor Johann Adam Michaelis (written 1653–1661). The early letters shed a light on the scholarly atmosphere before the big war, the later ones illustrate familiar and local events, they also show Venator as writer of the Dukes diplomatic correspondence and as translator. Thus, mentalities within the administrative elite of the princely state are being documented. Venators report of – sometimes comical – court cases show the genuine calvinistic cooperation of secular law and clerical Sittenzucht.
comaw Staff and hms Fearless 1982
Authors: Parr Helen
Published: December 2022

Combatant memoirs are a valuable source for historians of conflict in general and of the Falklands War in particular, revealing experiences of war that would otherwise be beyond recovery. This chapter provides a previously unpublished memoir (written in 2006) of the Falklands War by Lieutenant Commander Michael Ambler (d. 2009), who served on the staff of Commodore Michael Clapp on hms Fearless. Included in the footnotes are entries from the diary kept by the author day by day during the course of the war. The memoir is introduced by Professor Helen Parr, who places the account in the broader context of autobiographical writings on the Falklands War and draws attention to its potential value as a primary source for historians of conflict.
In the Eye(s) of the Storm(s): Álvaro Semedo, an Observer of Two Dynastic Transitions in the Global Crisis of the 17th Century
Authors: Pina Isabel Murta
Published: December 2022

It is certainly uncommon for a seventeenth-century observer to have borne witness to two dynastic transitions in places as far apart as the opposite corners of Eurasia – the Iberian Peninsula and China. Álvaro Semedo, a Portuguese Jesuit, is one such case. He was in Madrid, when news arrived that the Portuguese had proclaimed a national king in 1640, bringing sixty years of Iberian Union to an end. Semedo returned to China in 1645, one year after the Qing had taken Peking. In 1650, he witnessed first-hand the siege and reconquest of Canton by the Qing. This article aims to explore the political transition in China through the eyes of a European missionary who had already been caught by the breakup of the Habsburg empire. How did he position himself in both dynastic transitions? What comparisons did he make? Was he aware of the “global crisis”? These are some of the questions that will be addressed.
Craftsmen Working for Kangxi: the “Invention of Curious Things” by the Jesuits Gabriel de Magalhães (1609–1677) and Tomás Pereira (1646–1708)
Authors: Pereira Coutinho Maria João
Published: December 2022

This essay focuses on the strategy followed by two Jesuits from the Portuguese Padroado, Gabriel de Magalhães and Tomás Pereira, to remain at the court in Beijing at a time when the effects of ethnic and cultural clashes between Han and Manchus were felt, as were those of the natural disasters that devastated China and battered its economy. While the first excelled as a locksmith, the second, who called himself a craftsman, had the ability to draw and could build musical instruments, write music and teach to play instruments. Both managed to create works reconciling art and mechanics, which greatly impressed the Kangxi Emperor. These objects were visually appealing, but they also showed the knowledge these Jesuits active in Beijing had about some European treatises on art and mechanics, namely in the area of hydraulics. By adapting European forms and techniques to Chinese materials both men met Kangxi’s plan of a dynasty open to other cultures, while assuring the “peaceful coexistence” of Jesuits in China, in an age marked by climate change and ethnic clashes.
An Ecosystem Approach in International Environmental Law Relevant to Transboundary Freshwater Ecosystems
Authors: Moynihan Magsig Ruby
Published: December 2022

A global water crisis with far-reaching and interconnected impacts threatens the world. Healthy ecosystems are degrading, and access to a sustainable water supply is increasingly inequitable within and between States. The ecosystem approach has emerged as a concept to transform ecosystem management and prioritise equitable participation and outcomes for vulnerable societies but its normative content and international legal status remain unclear. This paper draws from international environmental and human rights law to ask what are the normative elements of an ecosystem approach in the context of international law relevant to transboundary freshwater ecosystems and what is the added value of an ecosystem approach for water law? It then explores the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE) environmental instruments as a structurally distinct regime and demonstrates how the regime provides the strongest clarification of an ecosystem approach in international water law. Finally, it demonstrates how the ecosystem approach stimulates mutual supportiveness between different areas of international law.
Skating on Thin Ice: The Human Right to Water in Investor-State Dispute Settlement
Authors: Marisi Flavia
Published: December 2022

In a number of investor-State dispute settlement (ISDS) cases between the 2000s and the 2010s, a tension arose between the State’s duty to protect its inhabitants by means of policy measures aimed at safeguarding the environment and human health, ensuring that people can enjoy clean, available, and affordable water, and the State’s commitment to protect foreign direct investment under international investment treaties. This paper discusses the right to water as acknowledged by international agreements and United Nations Resolutions, retraces the evolution of foreign direct investment in water services management, examines the interests at stake in investment disputes, and suggests options for balancing the rights of investors and the right to water.
Improving Joint Operation System of Reservoir Groups in the Yangtze River Basin: A Legal Discussion
Authors: Qiu Qiu , Dai Liping , Van Rijswick Helena F.M.W.
Published: December 2022

As China’s largest river basin, the Yangtze River Basin has the most mega reservoir groups worldwide. To protect the entire basin, the Central Government developed a system of joint operations of key reservoir groups in the Yangtze River Basin. This paper examines this joint operation system from a legal perspective and discusses its implementation as well as the challenges in practice. The following issues impede the effective implementation of the joint operation system: a lacking legal basis for the system, limitations related to the organizations that participate in the joint operations, limitations on the scope and objects of the joint operation system, and a lacking systematic structure for operation. This paper offers suggestions to improve the system.
Not One Inch, Unless It Is from Lisbon to Vladivostok
Authors: Mirra Carl
Published: December 2022

A careful evaluation of recent history illustrates that the claim that US and NATO expansion threatens Moscow’s existence is an exaggeration. That Russia would inflate fears of NATO to pursue its global aspirations is understandable. What is less comprehensible is the degree to which influential Western thinkers, particularly on the anti-imperial US left, have promoted this narrative. This paper will examine the work of prominent US anti-imperial leftists who view the Russo-Ukrainian war through a US-centric lens, a conceptual framework that distorts the historical record. It will first document how these commentators’ explanatory models give outsized attention to US maneuvers, while neglecting regional fault lines, Russian irredentism and historical nuance. Consequently, many US anti-imperial leftists conclude that the US/NATO alliance is to blame for Russia’s invasion of Ukraine. This paper will explore Russia-NATO interactions and Moscow’s imperial discourse to demonstrate that the blame NATO stance obfuscates the historical record.
The Creation of States as a Cardinal Point: James Crawford’s Contribution to International Legal Scholarship
Authors: Green Alex
Published: December 2022

This paper argues that The Creation of States in International Law discloses a unique mode of engaging in international legal reasoning, which belies James Crawford’s self-avowed legal positivism. That method is characterised by three methodological commitments, each of which is representative of Crawford’s broader legal thought. Undertaking a self-consciously normative form of interpretive excavation, the paper contends that Crawford was committed to: 1) cautious optimism about the determinacy of international law; 2) the value of nuance and context when making legal judgements; and 3) the normative importance of humanity as a heuristic principle. It then establishes these commitments as interpretive guidelines that can be used to analyse emergent legal problems. The paper concludes with consideration of the threat posed to Small Island States by rising sea levels, arguing that the spirit of Crawford’s intellectual contribution supports their legal resilience and survivability.
Common Features of the Right to Property and International Investments: Evidence from the use of ECtHR Case-law in Investment Tribunals’ Decisions
Authors: Ruoppo Roberto
Published: December 2022

The use of the case-law of the European Court of Human Rights (“ECtHR”) by arbitral tribunals represents a very common practice in investment arbitration. In particular guarantees provided for by Article 1 of Protocol 1 to the European Convention on Human Rights (“echr”) are often referred to in arbitral proceedings in order to clarify bilateral investment treaties’ (“bit s”) provisions because of their broad meaning, such as, for example, the expropriation and the fair and equitable treatment standards. Although this cross-reference is widespread, the legal grounds that allow the application of echr provisions in arbitral proceedings seem to be quite unexplored in the scholarly debate. The aim of this work is to analyze the different tools that have been used to this purpose, namely the systemic interpretation and analogical reasoning, explaining why the latter seems to be the most meaningful one. Since its application naturally implies the existence of common features between the different legal rules at stake, its employment represents a clear evidence of the similarities shared by the right to property and international investments. Patrimonial rights in international law share the same demand of protection, because of the power imbalance suffered by the owner or the investor in respect of State authorities. This acknowledgment can be useful in order to encourage ECtHR case-law application by arbitral tribunals, implementing investors’ protection and reducing the uncertainty of bit s’ provisions.
Navigating Through Concepts and Images of Power: On Beyond the People by Zoran Oklopcic
Authors: Martinico Giuseppe
Published: December 2022

Beyond the People is a very rich work which reflects the erudite and eclectic nature of its author, who manages to combine a deep legal knowledge with intuitions and concepts coming from other disciplines (including visual arts). In these pages I shall offer the view of a comparative constitutional lawyer interested in political theory.
Conceptual Coinage, the Untranslatable, and the Role of Metaphors in the Work of Hans Blumenberg
Authors: Lara María Pía
Published: December 2022

One would suspect that someone who was so interested on conceptual coinage, would be less interested on that which cannot be translated. Actually, both dimensions are so interconnected that, it is only because of learning about how to coin concepts, that we are able to understand how much is left out from the concept, and how, if it possesses some sort of ambiguity, we may need other tools such as metaphors, which allow more space for the untranslatable. Ambiguity is their main feature. Thanks to Hans Blumenberg’s work, we can actually learn to understand what is left in between metaphors, and in the process of how some of them can turn them into concepts, while others remain forever as metaphors. In the historical spaces of the before and the after, and only by acknowledging that the pre-conceptual lays in our lifesworld (Lebenswelt), and which is also the frame for these untraceable dimensions. We can say that there is only an indirect way to approach these spaces and how we can work them is through the connection between language and history. Explaining this specific dynamic is the subject of this paper.
Constitutional Imagination Between the Force of Images and the Power of Names
Authors: Oklopcic Zoran
Published: December 2022

Irrespective of the growing awareness of the importance of imagination, those interested in imagination as an activity are bound to be disappointed by the lack of the actionable advice on how to actually engage in the activity of imagining in a more conscious and, hopefully productive manner. While I am still convinced that the study of constitutional imagination won’t get very far without a more systematic and comprehensive speculation on the features of imagination in action, in the time that has passed since the publication of my book I also came to realize that such an endevour, must take into account the aspects of constitutional imagination which are specific both to the forms that mediate it, as well as to the formats and formulations, on which constitutional scholars rely on in communicating the content of their mental images. With this in mind, I approach the highly stimulating comments of my four colleagues below.
Neo-liberal ideology and the New World: An Interview with Marcel Gauchet
Authors: Doyle Natalie J. , Gauchet Marcel
Published: December 2022

This interview was initiated by Natalie J. Doyle in Paris, a few months only after the publication in 2017 of Le nouveau monde, the last volume of Marcel Gauchet’s four volume history of liberal democracy, published over the course of ten years. It was then continued via email over the course of the following four years.

Le nouveau monde offers a wide-ranging historical and theoretical analysis of the contemporary crisis of Western liberal-democratic culture on which the 2020 pandemic has thrown more light because of the neo-authoritarian management of the heath crisis in the Western world. In 2021, it was thus seen necessary to extend the interview to include questions about this reassertion of the political in Western societies but in an illiberal form.
Symposium on Zoran Oklopcic’s ‘Beyond the People: Social Imaginary and Constituent Imagination’ – Introductory remarks
Authors: Blokker Paul
Published: December 2022

This symposium discusses Zoran Oklopcic’s book Beyond the People: Constitutional Imaginaries and Constituent Imagination. The book is an important contribution to the emerging debate on constitutional imaginaries and imagination in constitutional theory, of which this introduction delineates the contours.
Bryophytes of mangroves of Bocas del Toro, Panama
Authors: ALLEN NORIS SALAZAR , DAUPHIN GREGORIO , VILLARREAL JUAN CARLOS , CASWELL-LEVY CALEB , COX ERIN R. , P. BRYAN A. ESPINOZA , L. JOSÉ GUDIÑO , HERNÁNDEZ-RODRÍGUEZ ENRIQUE , MAGAÑA-MARCIAL KARLA Y. , MEZĂKA ANNA , RAMÍREZ-ROMÁN JUAN DIEGO , RODRÍGUEZ LILISBETH , CARVAJAL ARIANTI ROJAS , ROMERO-MORENO CAMILA , TOMITANI AKIKO , ZEBALLOS-GRIJALVA KATHERINE
Published: December 2022

This is the first survey of bryophyte diversity in the mangroves of Panama. The study was done in the mangroves of Bocas del Toro Province, Panama, in September 2016 and, July, May and August 2017. Bryophytes were collected from prop or stilt roots of mangroves, the mid-lower part of the trunks and the lower branches. In areas inundated at high tide, additional samples were collected on the cortex of palms, its rootlets, other angiosperm trees and from decomposing logs. Twenty-six species of liverworts and seven of mosses were identified. The most diverse and predominant liverwort family was the Lejeuneaceae with twenty-two species and two varieties and, among the mosses, the Calymperaceae with three species. Species affinities with other tropical mangroves were analyzed and liverworts were found to be the dominant element. Among the liverworts collected, two are new reports for Panama: Ceratolejeunea confusa and Frullanoides mexicana. Additional surveys of the cryptogamic vegetation of Panamanian mangroves are urgently needed due to the accelerated deforestation caused by anthropic activities and the potential loss of important biodiversity.
Optimization of High Hydrostatic Pressure-Assisted Extraction of Polysaccharides from Lycium ruthenicum Murr. by Response Surface Methodology and Their Antioxidant Activity
Authors: Jin Xueyuan , Huang Liping , Wang Huamin
Published: December 2022

This study aimed to optimize the extraction conditions of polysaccharides with high hydrostatic pressure-assisted extraction (HHPE) from Lycium ruthenicum Murr (LRM) and evaluate the antioxidant activity of polysaccharides from LRM (PLR). Effects of pressure HHPE, HHPE time,
and the ratio of water to LRM (RWL) of HHPE on the extraction yield of PLR were examined with the method of response surface methodology (RSM). 3 kinds of antioxidant activity of PLR were measured. The optimal HHPE conditions were as follows: HHPE pressure was 380 MPa, HHPE time
was 8 min and RWL was 25 (mL/g). Under these HHPE conditions, the PLR yield was (8.35±0.12)%, which was almost identical to the predicted value 8.33% of the RSM. Also, PLR demonstrated stronger antioxidant activity in vitro. HHP was a suitable method for the extraction
of PLR. PLR can be used as a good antioxidant.
Clinician-Designed Dashboards
Authors: Ha Liana , Sikora Andrea
Published: December 2022

Critical care pharmacists play a crucial role in direct and indirect patient-care and professional service. Despite this, there is still an ongoing discussion on how to justify their role in the ICU and encourage the opening of more positions. A clinician-designed dashboard is an example of how to present relevant metrics to stakeholders. An example dashboard could include metrics such as pharmacist-to-patient ratio, number of interventions, and stewardship efforts. A dashboard could also convey contributions a critical care pharmacist makes outside of the ICU. This includes institutional services such as education and research. The measurement of such outcomes would justify new positions and protect current critical care pharmacists from unsustainable workloads by recognizing domains of value brought on by a pharmacist. The development of such a dashboard would be a step towards improving outcomes via interprofessional culture and patient-centered care.
And the Children Shall Lead: Abraham Maslow and the Adventure of Science
Authors: DeRobertis Eugene Mario
Published: December 2022

In this brief commentary on Abraham Maslow’s (1969) Toward a Humanistic Biology, it is argued that Maslow’s engagement with life science was a way for him to highlight the importance of innovative research for the development of third-force psychology. The way Maslow envisioned psychology as involving two forms of objectivity indicate that had he been steeped in phenomenology, he likely would have endorsed a hermeneutic-phenomenological vision of science. It is further argued that his vision of the third force was inherently developmental and laced with cultural themes.
Effective Implementation of Predictive Sales Analytics
Authors: Habel Johannes , Alavi Sascha , Heinitz Nicolas
Published: December 2022

Sales managers are unlikely to reap the benefits of implementing predictive analytics applications when salespeople show aversion to or lack understanding of these applications. For managers, it is essential to understand which factors mitigate or exacerbate these challenges. This article investigates these factors by studying the implementation of an application that predicts customer churn. Using 9.7 million transactions from a business-to-business company, the authors develop a predictive model of customer churn, implement it in a field experiment, and study its treatment effects using causal forests. Furthermore, the authors manipulate one specific mitigation strategy proposed by prior literature: the fostering of users’ realistic expectations regarding the accuracy of an algorithm. The results show that the effectiveness of the churn prediction application strongly depends on customer characteristics (most importantly the predicted churn probability and prior revenue) and salesperson characteristics (technology perceptions, abilities, and selling orientations). Fostering realistic expectations improves the effectiveness of the churn prediction only under very specific circumstances. Two follow-up stimuli-based experiments conceptually replicate key results of the field study. Therefore, this article helps build theory on predictive sales analytics and provides specific guidance to managers aiming to increase their return on analytics investments.
The Development of Collaborative Advocacy: Dialogic Engagements Over Time and Texts
Authors: Michener Catherine J. , Suh Sora
Published: December 2022

This article contributes to a growing conversation of teachers’ advocacy for marginalized students. We follow a cohort of teachers’ advocacy from their English as a second language certification courses into their work in one linguistically diverse school district. Dialogic discourse analyses of 3 years of discussions show the types of advocacy in which the teachers engaged, and identify five foundational discourse moves teachers employed to develop ideas and manage the relational complexity of advocacy. Findings provide evidence of the important role of intertextuality: voices across time and texts facilitated the teachers’ advocacy efforts. We offer a revised definition of language teacher advocacy to emphasize its discursive nature, arguing that an examination of the dialogic processes of advocacy work can help better delineate how it develops iteratively, contextually, and not always successfully. We implicate teacher education as an important catalyst for the preparation of teachers’ advocacy for under-served and historically marginalized English-learning students.
Study of factors leading to treatment delay in new sputum positive pulmonary tuberculosis patients and its impact on sputum conversion
Authors: Kumawat Anil , Chakraborti Amartya , Kumar Suresh , Sonigra Maldev , Bhatnagar Anuj , Kumar Ashok , Chopra KK
Published: December 2022

Our study was done to identify patient or health system related delay in diagnosis of treatment naïve sputum positive PTB patients and its impact on sputum conversion at 2 months. A total of 280 patients were enrolled and followed up for 2 months following which repeat sputum examination was done. Detailed clinical history was taken with emphasis on duration of symptoms, day of presentation, diagnosis and starting of therapy. The median(range) of delay in treatment initiation was 15 (0–82) days, most commonly because of delay due to the health system. Patients with positive sputum at the end of two months had significantly higher delay in treatment initiation (p < 0.05). Being remote (>5 km) from a health provider, being an unskilled labourer, and visiting a private practitioner were associated with delay in diagnosis. Eradication of tuberculosis in India requires training of health professionals, intersectoral cooperation and better public outreach.
Arresting the Demand for Drugs: DARE and the School–Police Nexus in Los Angeles
Authors: Felker-Kantor Max
Published: December 2022

The DARE (Drug Abuse Resistance Education) program simultaneously changed both the police and schools through the development of what this article calls a school–police nexus, a framing that explains the reciprocal relationship between the police and schools. By enabling officers to assert expertise in the realm of drug education, DARE not only made the police a regular presence in schools but aimed to transform the image of the police officer from a threatening enemy to a friend and mentor. More broadly, DARE intended to make the police a trusted institution in American cities amid the aggressive policing of the drug war. In turn, DARE transformed schools through their educative and disciplinary roles. Using police officers as teachers enabled DARE to coopt the educative function of schools to advance the police mission by other means. Yet, DARE officers did not shed their law-and-order message when they entered the classroom, reinforcing the carceral approach to the drug war.
Event-triggered consensus control for singular multi-agent systems based on observers
Authors: Li Lin , Huang Mei
Published: December 2022

This paper is devoted to the problem of event-triggered consensus for a class of general linear singular multi-agent systems with undirected topology. Considering that the system states are not measurable, state observers are designed first, and then a new observer-based event-triggered sampling mechanism is proposed, which naturally avoids Zeno behavior. Furthermore, a distributed event-triggered consensus protocol is designed. By employing the Lyapunov-Krasovskii functional method and model transformation approach, sufficient conditions are obtained such that the consensus of the singular multi-agent systems can be achieved, while the explicit dynamic expression of the consensus function is also given. Finally, a numerical example is included to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed results.
“All the World's a Stage?” A Role Theory Analysis of City Diplomacy in Global Migration Governance
Authors: Stürner-Siovitz Janina
Published: December 2022

In 2018, cities from Africa, Europe, North, and South America officially submitted input to the state-led negotiations of the Global Compact for Migration. In the same year, the Mayors Mechanism was established within the Global Forum on Migration and Development, and in 2019, cities made pledges to localize the Global Compact on Refugees. At first sight, this engagement seems surprising, given that migration and displacement are mostly areas of national decision making. How, then, did it become possible for cities to claim a role in global migration governance? And how do cities attempt to play this role? While cities as integration actors have received growing academic attention, it is time to focus on city agency in global migration governance. To explore this phenomenon, this article introduces role theory to research on city diplomacy in migration studies. The analysis shows that the combination of the glocalized representation of migration challenges (linking the local and global levels), the glocal role claimed by cities, and the passive role attributed to nation-states can empower cities to demand an active role in global migration governance. Cities draw on this role to promote three forms of city diplomacy as adequate and feasible actions on the global stage: advocating for rights-based migration policies; striving to gain access to international funding and cooperation partners; and demanding a seat at intergovernmental negotiation tables. In closing, the article reflects on the risks and constraints of city diplomacy in global migration governance and shows directions for future research.
“I Sometimes Pretended to Get Groceries”: Restrictive Deterrence in Drug Dealing
Authors: Guo Jing-ying , Kong Yi
Published: December 2022

Despite steady progress in drug control work, drug-related crimes are ranked third in the total number of criminal cases in China. Based on in-depth interviews with 24 offenders who are now incarcerated for drug offenses, this paper examines the strategies employed by drug offenders to evade detection and mitigate their punishment for drug dealing. Their most frequently-used strategies focus on filtering out risky people, ensuring information asymmetry and knowing when to stop. Exploring how offenders adapt their behavior in response to punishment helps to further our understanding of crime commission and control.
Elimination of cefotaxime using polysulfone and polyacrylonitrile-derived filters: An in vitro assessment
Authors: Le Ven Jessica , Pellan Camille , Maulet Valentin , Le Monnier Alban , Baud Frédéric J
Published: December 2022

Continuous renal replacement therapy (CCRT) efficiently eliminates cefotaxime. To our knowledge, there are no previous in vitro studies dealing with the disposition of cefotaxime. We studied the elimination of cefotaxime by two filters in a model mimicking a session of CRRT using the NeckEpur® technology. The ST150®-polyacrylonitrile filter with the Prismaflex, Baxter-Gambro, and the AV1000®-polysulfone filter with the Multifiltrate Pro, Fresenius, were studied. Continuous filtration used a flowrate of 1 L/h in post-dilution only. Simulated blood flowrate was set at 200 mL/min. Routes of elimination were assessed using the NeckEpur® technology. Cefotaxime concentrations were measured using ultra high-performance liquid chromatography, and tandem mass spectrometry. Two sessions were performed using the ST® filter and three using the AV® filter. Stability of cefotaxime during 6 h was assessed in triplicate with a mean variation of concentrations of 2.4 ± 1.5% at the end of the study. The mean measured initial concentration in the central compartment (CC) for the five sessions was 52.4 mg/L. The mean amount eliminated from the CC at the end of the sessions using the ST150®-polyacrylonitrile and the AV1000®-polysulfone filters were 72% and 73%, respectively. The clearances of cefotaxime from the central compartment (CC) were 1.1 and 1.2 L/h, respectively. The mean sieving coefficient were 0.99 and 0.99, respectively. The mean percentages of the amount eliminated from the CC by filtration/adsorption were 87/13% and 92/8%, respectively. Both adsorption percentages were below 15%. We conclude neither the ST150®-polyacrylonitrile nor the AV1000®-polysulfone filters result in clinically significant adsorption of cefotaxime.
The Relationship Behavior Survey: A Comprehensive Measure of Psychological Intimate Partner Violence for Adolescents
Authors: Cascardi Michele , Hassabelnaby Raghad , Schorpp Hannah , Smith Slep Amy M. , Jouriles Ernest N. , O’Leary K. Daniel
Published: December 2022

Commonly used scales of psychological intimate partner violence (ψIPV) for adolescents may not include sufficient items to measure adequately different forms of ψ aggressive behaviors. They may also characterize as harmful ψ aggressive behaviors occurring in non-conflictual or joking contexts. The current study examined a new scale, the Relationship Behavior Survey (RBS), which was designed to measure three different forms of ψIPV (denigrating, controlling, and intrusive behaviors) and the appraisals of the perpetrator’s intent. Factor structure was examined, and incremental validity was tested by examining the relation of the RBS to general aggressive tendencies and physical IPV after accounting for the emotional abuse and threatening behavior subscales of the Conflict in Adolescent Dating Relationships Inventory (CADRI). Criterion validity and gender differences were also examined. Data were collected using an online survey from a national sample of 1,100 13 to 17-year-olds in the United States (51% identified as female, 80% as White) in a dating relationship. Confirmatory factor analysis supported one ψIPV construct for males and females. The RBS demonstrated incremental validity; criterion validity was supported for controlling intent for males and females and mistrust intent for females. Joking intent was the most reported intent for males and correlated unexpectedly with physical IPV. The RBS captures a larger range of ψIPV behaviors than the CADRI. The addition of intent appraisals provides important information to differentiate forms of ψIPV, particularly in relation to acts motivated by coercion and mistrust.
Higher Rates of Bullying Reported by ‘White’ Males: Gender and Ethno-Racial Intersections and Bullying in the Workplace
Authors: Patel Tina G , Kamerāde Daiga , Carr Luke
Published: December 2022

Existing workplace bullying literature suggests that ethno-racial minorities and women are more likely to be bullied in relation to their ethnicity, race or gender. However, very few studies apply an intersectional framework of analysis to consider, for instance, how ethno-racial status and gender interacts to affect general workplace bullying experiences and their reporting decisions. This article uses an intersectional analytical framework and a cross-sectional quantitative analysis of the British Workplace Behaviour Survey (2007–2008) to examine bullying in the workplace, as experienced by the intersections of ethno-racial status and gender. In discussing how some groups report particular dimensions of bullying more than others, this article closely examines the somewhat unexpected finding that ‘white’ men were significantly more likely to report instances of workplace bullying. This article argues for the use of an intersectional analytical approach to understand and progressively address the nuances of identity, power and workplace bullying experiences.
Towards ‘Racialising’ the Union Agenda on the Front Lines of Healthcare Professions
Authors: Kirton Gill , Guillaume Cécile
Published: December 2022

A persistent problem in trade unions is the discrepancy/tension that exists between their progressive national equality-seeking agenda and the translation of equality principles into workplace activism and their application to members’ everyday working lives. Building on the notion of ‘feminising’ the union agenda, this article explores professional unions’ efforts towards ‘racialising’ the agenda, which is a neglected equality focus in extant literature. The study is located within nursing and midwifery in NHS workplaces where the existence of racism has long been recognised by all employment relations actors. It investigates how the national union anti-racism project is implemented by workplace union representatives. While it reveals recognition of the existence of workplace racism among union representatives, a degree of denial and discomfort also exists. This, combined with the absence of the empowering union strategies that might be expected, hinders the delivery of a racially inclusive union agenda on the front lines of healthcare.
Comparing and analysing the characterisation of laser cladding of CrNiW and CrNiFeAlZr powders on H13 tool steel
Authors: Martin Vinoth S , Dinesh Babu P
Published: December 2022

Cladding-based repair has been found to be superior than welding or flame spraying repair approaches in terms of extending die life. In this work, two different alloy powders, that is, CrNiW and CrNiFeAlZr were coated on H13 steel using laser cladding. The laser power, powder feed rate and scanning speed were varied and the clad dimensions, aspect ratio and dilution percentage were measured. The microhardness found in the CrNiW clad is 834 ± 20 HV0.5, which is higher than that of the CrNiFeAlZr clad (780 ± 20 HV0.5) as well as the substrate clad (548 ± 20 HV0.5). CrNiW clad has a higher microhardness than CrNiFeAlZr clad and substrate, indicating that CrNiW laser cladding has a significant impact on microhardness. The interface region for CrNiFeAlZr has 8.33% of C, which is less than the interface region for CrNiW (10.65% of C) so that the microhardness at the interface in CrNiW clad is high. The XRD patterns identified the common phase creation of Ni3C and Fe3C for CrNiFeAlZr and CrNiW coatings, while the oxide formation was only seen in CrNiFeAlZr coatings and the addition of carbon content in the CrNiW clad layer forms WC, Cr23C6, Ni3C and Fe3C. A response surface methodology with a Box-Behnken design is used in the optimisation process.
Design and optimization of orifice plates in the air-assisted kerosene injection system applied in the wankel rotary engine
Authors: Cao Bowei , Liu Jinxiang
Published: December 2022

Pressure stabilizing performance of orifice plates is analyzed by the method of simulation. To guarantee the high efficiency of analysis, an orthogonal table designation L9(34) is established. Range analysis is performed by using the method of orthogonal design. In the meantime, the results show that the number of horizontal plates is the main influence factor of pressure stabilizing performance. By analyzing flow characteristics, internal flow performance of pressure stabilizing cavity is demonstrated. Simultaneously, the mechanism of optimal pressure stabilizing performance is illustrated from both global and local perspectives. Increasing the number of horizontal plates reduces flow area of the cavity and brings extra throttling loss, thus improving the performance of pressure stabilizing. The final design of orifice plates can accurately control the amount of fuel injection which in turn guarantee the reliability of the air-assisted injection system.
Influence of TiO2 thin film on critical heat flux and performance enhancement of pool boiling at atmospheric pressure
Authors: Thangavelu Nithyanandam , Duraisamy Senthil Kumar , Devarajan Vasudevan
Published: December 2022

An increase in the rate of heat generation due to the compactness and performance enhancement of electronics equipment has been observed in the recent years. Though the efficient heat recovery to improve safety and to increase the life span of the equipment is a challenging task, Pool boiling is considered as a technique to recover an abundant quantity of heat at minimum wall superheat. The performance and safety factors are explored using boiling heat transfer coefficient and critical heat flux. The present investigation is carried out on a plain copper surface and copper surface coated with TiO2 thin film with three different thicknesses, namely 250, 500 and 750 nm. This work also explores the influence of wettability and roughness of the TiO2 thin film coated surfaces. The morphological and structural studies are conducted by scanning electron microscopy and x-ray diffraction scanning electron microscopic patterns. The critical heat flux of TiO2 thin film coated surface at 750 nm thicknesses was better augmented by 69% than the plain copper surface. The heat transfer coefficient was better augmented by 117% than the uncoated copper surface. The excellence in hydrophillic nature of the TiO2 thin film creates numerous nucleation sites which in turn enhance the capillary wicking. The continuous wetting and rewetting characteristics of the TiO2 thin film enhance the critical heat flux and boiling heat transfer coefficient.
Penality at the Periphery: Deficits, Absences, and Negation
Authors: Brangan Louise
Published: December 2022

What might mean to reorientate the field of punishment and society so that we might be able to say it is democratizing, diversifying, and increasingly inclusive? If we wish to expand our knowledge of penal politics in particular, but also develop a more inclusive field of punishment and society, then we need to also examine the impact this ethnocentricity can have on shaping scholarship and debate within the periphery. The article contrasts two alternative readings of Irish penal politics to show how sometimes the concepts from the U.K. and U.S. penality can come to inflect studies of penal politics outside the mainstream. If we are to make an attempt at democratizing our knowledge, then it is as de Sousa Santos wrote, that the first struggle is often against ourselves. The article concludes with a brief critical discussion about who can speak for Southern and peripheralized places; where is even a southernized place; and if we are to democratize and diversify the study of penal politics, what role is there for our existing canon? I conclude that is not where we study, but how we study it.
Novice Teachers’ Implementation of Evidence-Based Practices in Autism Education: Examining the Roles of Preparation and Perception
Authors: Lukins Jordan M. , Able Harriet , Hume Kara
Published: December 2022

Despite the contemporary emphasis on evidence-based practices (EBPs) in autism education, the research-to-practice gap persists. Understanding how newly trained teachers’ experiences, knowledge, and beliefs about EBPs influence their instructional decisions is vital to increasing EBP implementation among the next generation of special educators. In this study using a mixed-methods approach, 137 novice special educators in two southeastern U.S. states reported their knowledge, perceptions of social validity, and frequency of use of 12 EBPs for students on the autism spectrum. Follow-up qualitative interviews were conducted with a purposive subsample. Positive behavior supports and visual schedules emerged as the most socially valid and implemented practices. The use of EBPs was primarily driven by teachers’ knowledge of the practice and perceptions of its social validity, with teacher preparation experiences shaping both. The results have implications for improving preservice preparation and future implementation of EBPs by attending to teachers’ procedural understanding and subjective buy-in.
Community versus society: The normative vision of sociality in joint self-education
Authors: Matusov Eugene
Published: December 2022

In this theoretical essay, I argue that the normative sociality – i.e., a normative way of being together – for joint self-education is society based on pluralism and tolerance of culturally and educationally diverse communities and individual educatees, their synergy, voluntary participation, and acceptance of the final sovereignty of their educational decision-making. I rejected a widespread proposal that community (e.g., “community of learners”) should be the vision of this norm for such educational sociality. At the same time, I accept that an empirical community can be a very important part of a normative notion of society as applied to joint self-education. Balancing between communal, often centripetal, and societal, often centrifugal, processes is often necessary for maintaining a successful joint self-education endeavor.
Religion and Social Capital: Examining Social Networks and Religious Identification in the UK
Authors: Gemar Adam
Published: December 2022

Recent research into religion’s intersection with social class, specifically in the UK, represents a conspicuous gap in recent scholarly work. I seek in this article to help fill this gap by focusing on the specific element of social capital. Adopting the lesser used lens of Bourdieu, and using a UK-wide survey, I measure various elements of social capital and employ advanced statistical methods to ascertain social capital composition for various groups of religious identity. Results show that the primary difference between religious groups is social network variety. Those who assert multiple religious identities show the highest level of social network variety. Therefore, results suggest that as either a product or cause, it is those asserting multiple religious identities who may possess the greatest amount of aggregate and bridging social capital.
Study on Anti-Inflammatory Mechanism of Angelica pubescens Based on Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking
Authors: Ren Jianwei , Ren Minghui , Mo Zhiting , Lei Ming
Published: December 2022

References and data show that AP has a certain effect on alleviating inflammation. Based on the methods of network pharmacology and molecular docking, this paper predicts the potential mechanism of anti-inflammatory effect of the effective components. Methods: Active components and target genes of AP were screened out by SymMap, an associated database of TCM syndromes. First, screen out the active components according to the setting conditions, and its molecular structure file was obtained from the PubChem database. The target genes of anti-inflammatory effect were obtained from GeneCards database with “anti-inflammation effect” as the keyword, and then the common gene targets between AP and anti-inflammatory effect were screened. The PPI network diagram was constructed with Cytoscape 3.80 software to screen the core genes. The GO function and KEGG pathway of the core genes were enriched and analyzed by David database; 3D view of proteins encoded by the core gene from the PDB database, conduct molecular docking between the active components and the core proteins in Auto Dock Vina software, and made a heat map with binding free energy. Results: The main anti-inflammatory components were O-Acetylcolumbianetin, isoindigo, Nodakenetin, Marmesin, Diphencyprone; The core targets are TNF, VEGFA, IL6, TP53, IL1B, ESR1, MMP9, PPARG, Jun, CASP3, PTGS2. AP participated in cytokine-mediated signaling pathway, response to drug, positive regulation of gene expression, and other processes by regulating the combination of extracellular space, cell surface with protein and enzyme, and then exert anti-inflammatory activity. The signal pathways mainly involved IL-17 signaling pathway, hepatitis B, TNF signaling pathway, inflammatory bowel disease, rheumatoid arthritis, etc.; Through molecular docking, it was found that the key targets were MMP9, TNF, PTGS2, ESR1, JUN, and PPARG, while the active components which ha,d a strong effect on these genes were O-Acetylcolumbianetin, isoindigo, Nodakenetin, Marmesin, Diphencyprone. Conclusion: This study used network pharmacology and molecular docking methods to predict the potential active components, target genes, and signal pathways of the anti-inflammatory effect of AP, so as to provide a theoretical reference for the follow-up experimental research and clinical treatment of AP.
Systematic Review on Chinese Special Education and Inclusive Education: China's Solution in Globalization
Authors: Zhang (张冲) Chong , Miao (苗小燕) Xiaoyan
Published: December 2022

Purpose

This study provides a comprehensive review of the highlights and developmental trends in special education in China over the past decade.

Design/Approach/Methods

CiteSpace was used to analyze 1,564 academic papers published in the Chinese Journal of Special Education ( CJSE), the only academic journal focusing on special education in China.

Findings

Analysis revealed that the research highlights covered areas of special education governance, inclusive education (including learning in regular classrooms), teachers and the curriculum, the traditional “three basic disability types,” and the newly recognized category of Special Education Needs (SEN). The scope of research has expanded from a limited range of disability types to a wide range of SEN, policymaking has accelerated the development of China's special education, and curriculum reform has played a key role in facilitating the integration of general and special education systems.

Originality/Value

The published papers fully reflect international frontier research in the field of inclusive education over the past decade, revealing the discursive system and practice mode of inclusive education with Chinese characteristics.