bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Are 1997 Asian Twin Crises Contagious?
Authors: Tai Chu-Sheng
Published: February 2023

Until recently, currency and banking crises (twin crises) have been largely treated as separate phenomena, but the recent experiences of several Southeast Asian countries indicate that both banking and currency crises can occur jointly. However, most of empirical literature has focused on the determinants of each type of crisis in isolation and little empirical work to date has systematically investigated the association of the twin crises. In particular, no study has tested if the is a pure contagion effect between the twin crises. This paper tries to fill this gap by examining the pure contagion effect both within a country and across countries using data from Japan and Thailand. The empirical results indicate that within a country there is a positive feedback relation between Thai banking sector and its currency market, indicating a within country bi-directional contagion-in-mean effect between the twin crises. Across countries there are unidirectional relations between Thai banking sector and Japanese currency market and between Japanese banking sector and Thai currency market, suggesting a unidirectional cross-country contagion-in-mean effect between the twin crises. As for contagion-in-volatility, it is not significant, implying that there is no incremental increase in volatility during the 1997 Asian crisis. Finally, the global banking industry risk is significantly priced.
Effects of Financial Variables and Market Risk on Investment Returns
Authors: Rahgozar Reza
Published: February 2023

Previous studies have shown a positive correlation between the cross-section of averagestock returns and financial variables. Some studies have documented that market risk does not seem to help explain the cross-section of average stock returns. Using data from Compustat, this study examines the relationship between stock returns and stock prices with financial variables considered relevant in predicting stock returns and market risk. The empirical results show thatbook value per share, free-cash flow, return on equity, dividends, and cash flow per share have a weak or no effect on stock returns and stock prices. Earnings from operations and its stability over time are the two more relevant factors affecting stock returns and prices.
Is It a Good Investment Strategy to Invest in Malcolm Baldrige Award Winners? An Update
Authors: Krueger Thomas , Wrolstad Mark
Published: February 2023

In a world of uncertain returns, investors consider risk. Lower risk is often ascribed to investments with higher quality. Firm quality, however, is difficult to quantify. One of the most exclusive management quality distinctions is the Malcolm Baldrige National Quality Award (MBNQA). Since 1988, only thirty-one MBNQAs have been awarded to publicly-held corporations, and frequently to small fractions of an entire firm. This report explains the MBNQA and reports on the share price performance of MBNQA winners.
Islamic Banking and Finance Revisited after Forty Years: Some Global Challenges
Authors: Uppal Jamshed , Mangla Inayat
Published: February 2023

After experiencing phenomenal growth over the last forty years, the Islamic banking and finance industry (IBF) faces some difficult challenges which are addressed in this paper. We argue that the industry has moved away from pursuing ideals conveyed by its brand-name products towards a convergence to the conventional banking and discuss the reasons behind this trend. We suggest that the dictates of the economic and financial theory might be at conflict with the IBF market niche strategy. Additionally, we highlight operational challenges facing the industry in deploying risk management techniques and regulatory compliance.
Day-of-the-Week Effect and January Effect Examined in Sweet Crude Oil
Authors: Kohli Raj
Published: February 2023

This study examined the day-of-the-week effect and January Effect in the crude oil returns for the period March 30th 1983 through October 12th 2012. The results of this study indicate the presence of the day-of-the-week effect in Crude Oil Markets. The results of this study also indicate that there may be a daily seasonality in the variance of oil returns. However, the findings of this study show that January effect in the crude oil market does not exist in the mean returns or variance.
Modeling Banks’ Risk Taking Behavior in a Presence of the Long-Tail Risk Guarantor with the Truncated Version of the St. Petersburg Coin Flip Model
Authors: Sharp Peter , Vygodina Anna
Published: February 2023

This paper draws on the sequential coin toss gamble, used in the St. Petersburg paradox, to model investments with long-tailed risks– those that result in very rare but huge losses. It applies the model to the depository institutions’ assets with long-tail risk, where depositors serve as guarantors of tail risk, and also to other investments with long-tails, such as collateralized debt obligations. The model simulates the financial institutions risk taking behavior, where agents with limited liability are able to shift their tail risk onto external parties who have either imperfect information or act with disaster myopia (i.e. “too big to fail” scenario). A simulation shows that such self-interested agents benefit by increasing leverage and increasing the chance of bankruptcy.
Changes in Financial Variables and Altman’s Z Score on Stock Price: Consideration of Firm Size and Market Risk
Authors: Rahgozar Reza , Tichich Mary
Published: February 2023

The valuation of common stock can be approached in several ways. Some models, known as dividend valuation models, rely solely on expected dividends and other models rely on longrun historical relationships between stock prices, financial variables, and market risk factors. This study, through correlation and regression analyses, identifies the most relevant variables affecting stock price changes of the Standard & Poor’s 500 Index firms. Moreover, by applyingthe Altman financial stress model, the significance of changes in financial stress measures on stock prices is tested. In addition, the study investigates whether the effects of financial factors on stock prices depend on company size. Also, through mean and variance analysis, the equality of means and variances of larger and smaller firms exposed to market risks are examined. Among all financial variables considered, the changes in operating income and the financialstress measure are the most relevant factors affecting stock price variations. The results showed no strong positive relationship between changes in stock prices and dividends. The tests of equality of means and variances failed to support the notion that correlations between changes in stock prices and operating income, financial leverage, and total assets for small and large size firms differ. However, it rejected the hypothesis that variances of market risk of smalarge firms are equal.
Analysis of the Advance-Decline Indicator in the Indian Stock Market
Authors: Patel Jayen
Published: February 2023

This study examines predictive ability of the advance-decline indicator in the Indian stock market. Several lagged values of advance-decline ratios were calculated to examine predictive ability of these ratios on future stock return. The results demonstrate advance-decline indicator is not effective in predicting future stock return in the Indian stock market. The results were consistent when lagged values of advance-decline ratios were separated by higher and lower values for prediction purposes. Therefore, the results of this study provide support to the theory of market efficiency in the Indian stock market.
How are Banks Valued? An Examination of Research Reports in Europe
Authors: Velasco José , Wong Matthew
Published: February 2023

The idiosyncratic attributes of banks call for the use of valuation methods that are adapted specifically for the peculiar characteristics of the banking business with due regards to the special roles played by the industry’s leverage and capital constrains. This study reviews 171 research reports on the valuation of some of the largest European banks in 2011. The results of the research indicate that there is divergence between the financial literature and the real world. Equity analyst, in general, use valuation models that are more closely adapted to the specific characteristics of banks and not always follow what the financial literature proposes as the core methods for bank valuation. This finding suggests that there is ample room for further research to re-evaluate the banking valuation methodologies in the literature.
Local Government Debt, a Time-Bomb for China’s Economy?
Authors: Matt Zhou Ming , Cang Wang Man , Ming Ni Ming
Published: February 2023

China's national audit office reported huge debt accumulated at all levels of local governments in recent years. This paper aims to explain the factors contributing to the local government debt in China with empirical study on the economic development data. The relationship of government debt and economic ratios is examined with the auto regressive linear equation constructed between the local government debt, fiscal income, GDP growth rate and CPI. Granger causality test is performed to find the granger cause of local government debt from previous year’s data. From the analysis, the risk of local government debt is evaluated from the global settings. Policy implications and suggestions are presented at the end.
Does Deregulation Affect the Currency Markets? Evidence From the Yen-Dollar Exchange Rate in Three Markets
Authors: Chiou Ingyu
Published: February 2023

This paper examines how currency market deregulation affects the behaviors of the yen-dollar exchange rates in Tokyo, London, and New York. Using the intraday return (open to close) data, we find strong and consistent evidence that the three currency markets interact significantly, both before and after deregulation. For each of nine contracts, Tokyo positively affects London and New York, London positively affects New York and Tokyo, and New York positively affects Tokyo and London. In particular, the causality relationship is much stronger when one market trades right after another. When comparing basic statistics between the pre- and post-deregulation periods, we find that, after deregulation, the volatility of the yen-dollar exchange rate intraday returns increases, the range of the intraday returns broadens, the distribution of these returns becomes more left-skewed, and the distribution of the intraday returns moves further away from normality. These deregulation-induced changes hold true for all three markets and for most of nine contracts. We interpret our findings as evidence that foreign exchange deregulation encourages more participation and hence more competition, leading to a more efficient and unpredictable exchange rate in each currency market.
Deriving Unlevered Value – The REIT Approach
Authors: Nelson Walt , Ragan Kent
Published: February 2023

This article demonstrates the application of the Modigliani and Miller valuation model to privately-held non-taxable real estate entities, such as real estate investment trusts (REITs). The International Financial Reporting Standards Foundation has recently published IFRS 13, which requires periodic valuation of privately held and publically held assets.
Stock Price Impact of Analysts’ Opinion and Their Reputation: Evidence from Online Dissemination of Analysts’ Opinion
Authors: Song Joon Young
Published: February 2023

This study presents that stock price reaction to the recommendation updates really matters with the recommendation issuing brokerage firms’ reputation. Investors are believed to interpret the recommendation updates as more reliable information when the updates are made by more reputable brokerage firms. Firm size also influences the stock price reaction to the recommendation updates. The smaller cap stocks appear to be more sensitive to the recommendation updates than the larger cap stocks do. The impact of recommendation updates on subsequent stock price movements seems to depend on how the update information is disseminated. The impact appears to be more pronounced when the update information is disseminated via more easily accessible non-fee base online sources such as Yahoo!Finance. Finally, trading on the recommendation updates released via a publicly available financial website could make about 5 percent excess return over a short –term period of five weeks.
Determinants of CEO Compensation in the U.S. General Merchandise Sector
Authors: Harper Alan , Jin Zhenhu
Published: February 2023

The purpose of this study is to examine the relationships between CEO compensation and firm level performance in the U.S. General Retail Store Sector. We performed cross sectional regressions on the entire sample and found no significant relationship existed between the level of CEO compensation and a set of independent variables that proxy for firm performance. We then performed a Stepwise regression and found that Market Capitalization and Gross Margin were significantly related to the level of CEO compensation and a set of independent variables that proxy firm performance. Our findings suggest that CEO compensation is positively related to market capitalization and gross profit margin.
Reputation as a Selection Criteria: A “Golden Egg” or Just an “Egg?”
Authors: Krueger Thomas , Wrolstad Mark
Published: February 2023

The semi-strong level of the Efficient Market Hypothesis (EMH) asserts that current prices reflect all of the publically available information about a firm. Harris Interactive, Inc. has done extensive polling and data analysis of public perceptions to produce a credible numerical indicator of corporate reputations for which they have coined the term “Reputation Quotient” (RQ). Using RQ information, this research analyzes corporate annualized returns of highly visible firms with very good reputations and compares their performance with firms with very poor reputations. Portfolios of the ten firms with the best reputations have higher raw returns than portfolios of the ten firms with the worst reputations but the difference is not statistically significant. However, reputations appear to parallel risk, with firms possessing better reputations having lower return standard deviations and less sensitivity to market conditions. As a consequence, firms with good reputations have significantly higher Sharpe, Treynor, and Jensen’s alpha measures. This observed outperformance was found to be more significant during the second half of the fourteen year period studied which includes the 2008 financial crisis and its' aftermath.
Advertising Intensity in the U.S Property and Liability Insurance Industry: Market Power or Profits?
Authors: Choi B. Paul
Published: February 2023

This study aims to investigate the conduct of the U.S. Property and Liability insurers on the market in relation to the structure-conduct-performance (SCP) paradigm. Advertising activities constitute the conduct of the industry and the relationship between advertising intensity and market structure is empirically tested over 14-year period. The results indicate a positive and non-significant relation between concentration and advertising and a negative and significantrelation between performance and advertising. Thus, the conduct as measured by advertising intensity does not provide an additional value to the performance of insurers in this highly competitive market. These results are consistent with all three different types of concentration measures in two different profit equations.
Financial Performance and Compensation Alignment of CEOs - Evidence From the USA
Authors: Abdullah Shahnaz , Chugh Lal
Published: February 2023

Largest U.S, companies have for years sought to tie executive pay to financial and stock market results. Using data from selected Fortune 500 companies over a decade, this paper documents CEOs’ compensation is positively related to firm’s accounting based performance. However, the study finds CEO compensation and market based performance still lacks alignment. Additionally, the study investigates the financial performance of U.S companies both with and without women on their board. This in-depth study explores the theories of agency problem and empirically argues that increasing female directors on board composition can partially resolve agency problem as our results indicate adding women to the board maximizes the shareholder’s value.
Stock Price Reaction to Data Breaches
Authors: Johnson Mark , Kang Min Jung , Lawson Tolani
Published: February 2023

Data Breaches occur in many forms that include bad security practices, hacking, insider attacks, stolen or lost equipment and computer or data theft. Data breaches happen to organizations of all types. In this paper, we present an analysis of the stock market’s assessment of the cost of data breaches through the examination of 467 heterogeneous data breach events that occurred at 261 publicly traded companies between year 2005 and 2014. Our event study findings indicate that publicly traded firms in the U.S. lost, on average, .37% of their equity value when a data breach occurs. Particularly, we find that breaches resulting from payment card fraud contributed more to negative announcement returns than the other breach types. Such negative announcement effects are most heavily felt when firms with card breaches are larger than the average, resulting in a 3% decline in firm equity value. Contrary to previous studies, we find that repeated breaches do not impact firm stock value differently than first-time-breaches. However, we find that there is a high correlation between firm sizeand the existence of multiple, repeat, data breaches. This implies that large firms hit by a data breach are more likely to experience subsequent breaches than small firms.
Systemic Risk in the Insurance Industry and Its Impact on the Economy
Authors: Bouzouita Raja , Craioveanu Mihaela , Young Arthur
Published: February 2023

Systemic risk, defined as the risk that a failure of a large financial institution could lead to counterparty failures and could trigger adverse effects for the real economy, has been a priority for both academicians and policy-makers. The literature focuses on the measures and definition of systemic risk and on its impact on the financial sector with little or no attention given to the relationship between systemic risk and the real economy. In this paper, we investigate the link between the systemic risk in the insurance sector and the macro economy during the 2008 financial crisis. In particular, we test the predictive power of insurance companies’ systemic risk of macroeconomic downturns using various measures of systemic risk constructed from daily returns for 169 insurance companies between 1988 and 2011. Our findings show that insurance systemic risk forecasts macroeconomic downturns three months into the future.
Have U.S. and ASEAN Equity Markets Become More Integrated?
Authors: Rodriguez Jodonnis
Published: February 2023

In this paper, we find that U.S. and ASEAN equity return correlations increased post-Great Recession and that innovations in U.S. and other foreign equity markets explain a larger proportion of ASEAN return volatility after the Great Recession. The United States is increasingly cointegrated with each ASEAN member country and equity returns in the U.S. affect equity returns in ASEAN equity markets but not vice versa. Using an EGARCH-M and DCC-GARCH approach, we find that lagged U.S. weekly returns affect subsequent weekly returns in ASEAN equity markets and we find a positive equity risk premium with asymmetric volatility response to innovations in ASEAN equity markets. Our study concludes that increasing integration may be due to the increase in economic trade pacts and capital market integration initiatives between the U.S. and ASEAN member states.
ESG Ratings and the Performance of Socially Responsible Mutual Funds: A Panel Study
Authors: Das Nandita , Chatterjee Swarn , Sunder Aman , Ruf Bernadette
Published: February 2023

This study uses the Fama-French 5-factor model to examine the risk-adjusted performances of Socially Responsible Mutual Funds (SRMF) relative to the market over a 12-year (2005–2016) period. The timeframe of this study overlaps the periods leading up to, during, and immediately past the Great Recession. This study also examines whether the Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) ratings assigned to the SRMF signal fund performance over time. The results indicate that although the SRMF underperformed in the market during the 2005–2016 period, there was no difference in the SRMF performance with respect to the market during the Great Recession period. Furthermore, our results indicate that the SRMF with higher ESG ratings outperformed the SRMF with lower ESG ratings during the Great Recession period. Implications of this study’s findings for investment analysts, portfolio managers, and financial planners are included.
Determinants of Dividend Policy by Information Technology (IT) Firms in the United States
Authors: Sloboda Brian
Published: February 2023

This paper examines the determinants of dividend payout policy of seventy publicly traded information technology (IT) firms in the United States in 2017. More important, the standard dividend payout ratio is adjusted to include depreciation because IT firms have higher depreciation than the services sector. Thus, this higher depreciation rates may have an impact on dividend payouts by IT firms. To find out the determinants of dividend payout policy, general linear models (GLM) were estimated using for standard dividend payout and the adjusted dividend payout as the dependent variables. In the standard dividend payout regression, corporate tax and the market to book ratio have a positive relationship with the dividend payout. Operating cash flow, corporate profit, debt to equity ratio, size and sales has a negative relationship with dividend payout. Finally, the regression for the adjusted standard dividend payout showed the corporate tax, operating cash flows, profit and the market to book ratio have a positive relationship with the adjusted dividend payout. Debt to equity ratio, size, and sales has a negative relationship with adjusted dividend payout.
Intellectual Contributions Made Through the Academy of Finance Journals: 2003-2016
Authors: Hoque Monzurul , Krueger Thomas
Published: February 2023

Intellectual contributions are a key measure of university faculty productivity. This study examines the intellectual contributions of members of the Academy of Finance shared with others through the organization’s publications over the 2003-2016 period. Information presented ranges from journal-specific data such as pages to author-specific info such as institution and geographic location. The comprehensive investigation allows readers to gain an understanding of both the breadth and depth of the articles published in this house organ over time. We thereby demonstrate the contribution of the Academy of Finance to both the author’s careers and finance’s body of knowledge.
Is Small and Independent Board a Better Board? An Example of High-Tech Firms
Authors: Borah Nilakshi
Published: February 2023

This paper examines board structure and the effect of board size and composition on firm value for firms in high technology industries for the period 1995-2008. I find that high-tech firms, generally characterized by asymmetric information and growth opportunities, have board sizes 2.9% smaller and a proportion of insiders 1.7% higher than non high-tech firms. Using Tobin’s Q as a measure of firm value, I document that Tobin’s Q is increasing in board size for high-tech firms. This result is consistent with the argument that transaction costs, such as political pressure from regulators and institutional investors, as well as listing requirements set by the SEC and major stock exchanges, may impede board upsizing for high-tech firms. My findings indicate that a uniform “one size fits all” reform of corporate boards may impair board effectiveness in some types of firms.
How Close is the Implied Volatility Derived from Black Scholes for Individual Stocks to VIX
Authors: Cheng Joseph , Hui Jack
Published: February 2023

The implied volatility derived from Black Scholes model represents total volatility which includes both systematic and unsystematic components. The purpose of this paper is to examine the accuracy of the implied volatility derived by Black Scholes (after excluding the unsystematic component) with reference to VIX, which is a widely used proxy for market (systematic) volatility. We utilize CAPM to extract the volatility linked to systematic component for the 30 individual stocks within Dow Jones and compare them to VIX. The systematic volatility for these stocks adjusted for beta turn out to be rather close to the VIX, which implied that CAPM is an effective approach for separating market risk from total risk.
Estimating the Cost of Capital for Operating Assets
Authors: Vines Timothy , Hsieh ChengHo
Published: February 2023

A firm’s total assets include non-operating and operating components. In the conventional value-based management and economic value-added models, the value created comes from the firm’s operating assets; therefore, the weighted average cost of capital in the models should also be based on the operating assets instead of the total assets. A method to find this cost of capital is presented. This modification also has implications for other areas in the study of financial management, such as capital budgeting and capital structure.
The Post-IPO Performance of Private Equity Backed Firms during the Great Recession
Authors: Trifts Jack , Porter Gary
Published: February 2023

We examine the performance of PE-backed firms following their IPOs during the expansionary period of the early 2000s and their performance during the “great recession.” We employ a control group using multi-digit NAICS codes, which allows us to match firms much more closely than prior studies. The results during the market expansion of the early decade parallel those of the existing literature, showing PE-backed firms perform as well or better than non-PE-backed firms. However, while those studies conclude that IPOs are generally a positive addition to the market and its investors, we show their performance is significantly worse than their non-PE-backed peers during the great recession, suggesting the success of these firms is particularly dependent on the state of the economy.
Tale of Two Markets Before and After Pandemic: Economy Driven vs Dollar Driven
Authors: Cheng Joseph , Houman Seena
Published: February 2023

The correlation between the U.S. equity market and the U.S dollar is intriguing yet complex. In this paper, we dissect the correlation into two opposing driving forces: purchasing power versus economic strength. A weak dollar inevitably will have a lower purchasing power, causing prices of all dollar denominated assets to rise creating an inverse relationship between the value of the dollar and the U.S. equity market. On the other hand, increasing strength in the U.S. economy will boost the confidence in the U.S. equity market and in the U.S. dollar, thus creating a positive correlation between the value of the dollar and the U.S. equity market. These two factors pull the correlation between the dollar and the equity market in opposite directions; whether the actual correlation is positive or negative depends on which factor is dominant in driving the equity market in a particular period of time: the economy or the value of the dollar. Using regression analysis, we discover that the correlation between the dollar and the equity market was negative and significant during the pre-covid period and becomes positive and significant during and after the pandemic period, suggesting that the market was economy-driven before the pandemic and became dollar-driven during the pandemic period.
Territorial differentiation of public health in Kamchatka Krai
Authors: Pogorelov A.R.
Published: February 2023

Prospects for long-term socio-economic development of Russian regions necessitate the implementation of new spatial assessments of the most important characteristics of living conditions and public health. The purpose of this study was to conduct a territorially differentiated assessment of the population health status of the Kamchatka Region over the last decade (2010-2019). This study was based on a cluster analysis of the main administrative-territorial units (districts) of the Kamchatka Region using five thematic indices. All indices characterize the complex state of population health. The indices were calculated for five blocks of indicators with 17 medico-demographic and epidemiological parameters. Cluster analysis classified all districts of the Kamchatka Region into five clusters (types). The five clusters of districts with different levels of population health status (above average, average, below average, low, very low) have been analyzed using comparative method. The most unfavorable levels of population health status were identified in the fourth (Karaginsky, Olyutorsky) and fifth (Penzhinsky, Tigilsky, Bystrinsky) clusters of districts. An important research perspective in the future is the development of new measures in the field of regional and municipal health care in the Kamchatka Region.
Agglomeration scenarios in the planning strategies of the Leningrad region municipalities
Authors: Gres R.A. , Zhikharevich B.S. , Pribyshin T.K.
Published: February 2023

The purpose of the study is to measure the level of «agglomeration» of municipal strategies of the Leningrad region, that is, the depth of reflection in the context of the strategy of understanding the significance of inclusion in the composition or being in the zone of influence of the St. Petersburg agglomeration. The study has been conducted on the example of municipal districts and settlements of the Leningrad region. A list of eight «agglomeration strategies» and a method of expert scoring evaluation of the manifestation of each scenario in the strategy text have been developed. A three- component methodology for assessing the degree of «agglomeration» of the strategy has been imple- mented. The results show that the «agglomeration» of the strategy lessen with increasing distance from St. Petersburg. Nevertheless, the strategy of the Kirovsky district, which is part of the agglomeration, received the maximum assessment. This can be explained by the fact that the «agglomeration» of strat- egies also depends on the consultants involved in the development of strategies. Municipal strategies of the Leningrad Region were created with the participation of such organizations as Urbanica, Region- Expo, Higher School of Economics and ENKO. Among the eight identified «agglomeration strategies»,

«Industrial connectivity», «Demography and mobility» and «Transport connectivity» appeared to be more common and better worked out. The scenarios «Infrastructure and Finance» and «Ecology» are less frequent and manifested worse. «Agglomeration» has a predominantly positive connotation in the strategies of the districts close to St. Petersburg, while the connotation in the strategies of the peripheral districts of the region is mostly negative. When updating municipal strategies of the Leningrad region, it is recommended to increase the degree of integrity of the «agglomeration strategies» consideration; take into account forecasts concerning the dynamics of the St. Petersburg agglomeration boundaries and synchronize the development of strategies at different levels.
Geo-economic changes in agro-complex of Russia under the new geopolitical realities
Authors: Nefedova T.G.
Published: February 2023

The article discusses the successes of the agro-industrial complex of Russia until 2022, its specifics and regional features. The author analyzes the concept of food security, which includes not only the ratio of production, consumption, export and import of food, but also the physical and economic availability of food for population, as well as the sustainability of agriculture and the food industry. The degree of modern involvement of Russian crop and livestock production in the international division of labor leads to the consequences of sanctions imposed in the spring of 2022. The specifics of the institutional and spatial organization of agriculture in Russia, the processes of its concentration are shown, as well as the role of agricultural holdings in the new sanctions conditions. The specifics of small enterprises and households of population, general and regional prerequisites and limitations of their functioning are considered separately. The article analyzes the directions in which the agro-industrial complex can develop, including the search for ways of its transformation with the support of the state.
Development of municipal issues in the state spatial policy of Russia
Authors: Kuznetsova O.V.
Published: February 2023

In the coming years, it is necessary to develop a new strategy for the spatial development of Russia and continue to elaborate the state spatial policy, within the framework of which there should be an increase in the importance of municipal issues. From the author’s point of view, this will be possible when solving a number of conceptual and applied problems. This is a clear articulation of a multi–scale approach in state spatial policy in general and in relation to the formation of the settlement system in particular - a clear statement of goals and objectives at the level of macro-regions, regions (subjects of the Russian Federation), municipalities, determining the balance of these partly inevitably contradictory goals. In order to justify the decisions taken, it is important to radically advance the quality of municipal statistics: the approval of the official methodology for calculating the gross municipal product, the active use of the resources of the Federal Tax Service, ensuring comparability of data on municipalities and subjects of the Russian Federation. In order to transform municipalities into real subjects of spatial development, it is necessary to study, within the framework of the upcoming reform of local self- government, the issues of differentiation of the powers of local self-government bodies of municipalities of different population and type, the expansion of the powers of local authorities, especially large and largest cities, as well as issues of management and strategic planning in urban agglomerations. As part of the development of measures of state support for the development of rural areas and small towns, the author suggests paying special attention to the issues of motorization of the population.
Assessment of scrap supply zones optimality for Russian steel industry plants
Authors: Goryachko M.D. , Imangulov L.R.
Published: February 2023

The article discusses the features of the distribution of ferrous scrap between the main metallurgical enterprises of the Russian Federation. It is revealed that the current configuration of the actual raw material zones of metallurgical enterprises of the Russian Federation is due to the uneven nature of scrap sources and end users, the export orientation of regions and the established institutional structure of regional ferrous scrap markets in the post-Soviet period. Based on the use of geoinformation technologies, the optimal configuration of raw material zones of metallurgical enterprises in the field of procurement of ferrous scrap has been determined. To assess the optimality of raw material zones of enterprises, two methods are proposed in the work – cartographic and economic. As a result of a comparative analysis of the calculation results, it was revealed that the economic method best evaluates the optimality of raw material zones in connection with the best consideration of the features of territorial schemes for the movement of ferrous scrap between producers and end consumers. According to the economic method, the metallurgical enterprises of the Ural metallurgical base have a low degree of optimality of raw material zones and, as a result, large losses in financial terms, mainly due to the extremely high concentration of metallurgical enterprises, small/medium losses have enterprises in the north, center and east of the country, where the demand for raw materials is a limited number of enterprises remote from each other. In the final part of the article, recommendations are presented to increase the economic efficiency from optimizing the distribution and the use of ferrous scrap for individual economic agents and the economy as a whole.
Assessment of the Benefits and Effectiveness of Information Systems for Drug Use as an Effort to Improve Pharmaceutical Services
Authors: Nilansari Anis Febri , Putri Puji Handayani
Published: February 2023

Drug Information Service is the duty and responsibility of a pharmacy in providing pharmaceutical services. There is 8 drug information that must be conveyed by pharmacists to patients, but based on reference data that information has not been conveyed completely. Therefore, in this study, a drug use information system was created. The purpose of this study was to assess the benefits and effectiveness of information systems in improving pharmaceutical services. The method of making the system in this study uses the prototype method. System analysis was carried out using a descriptive survey research method. The population used in this study were patients in one of the clinics in Yogyakarta in December 2021. The results of the study on 1250 respondents to assess the benefits of information systems, obtained an average score of 67% on giving information on drug use manually, and an average score of 86% on providing information on drug use along with using information systems. Information on drug use that pharmacists rarely convey in the form of information on how to store, side effects, and drug interactions. Assessment of the effectiveness of the information system shows that respondents feel helped by the existence of an information system with good assessment criteria (4 questions) and sufficient (1 question), while the average score is 88%. This study concludes that providing information on drug use accompanied by using an information system can make it easier for patients to understand the information provided to improve pharmaceutical services.
Analyse d’une démarche d’accompagnement de jeunes pères marginalisés
Authors: Charlebois François-Xavier
Published: February 2023

Cet article traite d’une étude de cas réalisée dans le cadre d’une recherche-action en milieu communautaire au Québec. Cette étude a pour objet une démarche autobiographique en petit groupe menée avec des jeunes hommes marginalisés sur les thèmes de la masculinité et de la paternité. La démarche est discutée à partir du concept d’accompagnement éducatif afin de dégager une analyse critique des pratiques d’intervention sociale dites de proximité. Trois limites et enjeux éthiques liés à la proximité sont identifiés et discutés : la séduction, la juste distance et les limites des activités informelles.
Démarrer un projet citoyen pérenne en 2021
Authors: Ederer Mélanie , Espérance Dimitri
Published: February 2023

Pendant la pandémie de la COVID-19, des individus collaborent pour mettre fin au désert alimentaire qui perdure depuis plus de deux décennies dans le quartier Saint-Henri à Montréal. À partir des expériences des membres du Collectif La DAL, cet article propose une réflexion critique sur les enjeux qui entourent le développement de projets par et pour la population. Après un bref historique des défis rencontrés par le Collectif, nous présentons leurs démarches de recherche d’équilibre pour permettre au projet citoyen de voir le jour. Nous concluons avec des pistes pour donner l’occasion aux collectivités de soutenir le développement d’initiatives de proximité.
Se connecter à l’égalité
Authors: Lavigne Audrey , Gauthier-Paquette Léna , Jolette Shanda
Published: February 2023

La violence sexiste en ligne est un phénomène qui suscite beaucoup d’intérêt dans les milieux scolaires et communautaires travaillant auprès des jeunes. L’équipe du programme d’éducation à la sexualité de l’organisme communautaire L’Anonyme s’est penchée sur la question pour développer des activités d’éducation à la sexualité auprès des jeunes. Le projet Se connecter à l’égalité démontre la pertinence de considérer l’espace public virtuel comme un prolongement de l’espace public réel pour prévenir la violence en ligne en ciblant les dynamiques de pouvoir et la mobilisation des témoins actifs.
L’intervention transaffirmative en santé mentale
Authors: Gaudette Yannick
Published: February 2023

Le contexte social hétérocissexiste entraîne des expériences de transphobie pour les personnes trans, influençant leur bien-être. Cependant, elles font face à plusieurs barrières lors de l’accès aux services en santé mentale, en plus de vivre de la discrimination au sein de ces derniers. Afin de prévenir de telles situations, cet article témoigne des expériences et réflexions de neuf personnes trans sur l’intervention transaffirmative, recueillies dans le cadre d’une maîtrise en travail social (UQÀM). Les résultats obtenus, lorsque combinés à la théorie de la reconnaissance d’Honneth, permettent de tracer les impératifs à l’intervention transaffirmative en santé mentale, c’est-à-dire de se décentrer de l’expérience hétérocissexiste, de rendre les milieux transinclusifs en collaboration avec les communautés directement concernées, et de mettre en pratique l’approche de consentement éclairé.
Contrer la violence domestique faite aux femmes au Brésil par l’intervention interdisciplinaire et socioéducative
Authors: Soares Bidarra Zelimar , Alves Camila Kelly , Rohde Luana , Veiss Villian , Lalande Célyne , Lessard Geneviève , Auger Louis-Philippe
Published: February 2023

Cet article présente la démarche ayant donné lieu à la mise en oeuvre d´un programme interdisciplinaire et socioéducatif novateur au Brésil pour contrer la violence domestique : le Numape-Toledo, situé dans la province du Paraná. L’article décrit en premier lieu l’évolution historique au Brésil ayant mené à la reconnaissance de la problématique de la violence de genre. Puis, l’organisme Numape-Toledo est présenté en mettant en lumière l’originalité des services qui y sont offerts. Enfin, les bénéfices et les enjeux rencontrés par l’organisme sont discutés en vue d’alimenter plus largement les stratégies préventives et les interventions auprès des femmes violentées.
Molecular dynamics simulation of graphene deposition and growth on WC-Co cemented carbides
Authors: Ding Ye-Zhang , Ye Yin , Li Duo-Sheng , Xu Feng , Lang Wen-Chang , Liu Jun-Hong , Wen Xin ,   School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanchang HangKong University, Nanchang 330063, China,   School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China,   Suzhou Ion-tech Nano Technology Co., Ltd, Suzhou 215163, China
Published: February 2023

In this paper, molecular dynamics is used to simulate the self-assembly of carbon atoms and the growth of graphene on the surface of cemented carbide, which has some advantages, such as reducing manufacturing costs, shortening the experimental cycle, and optimizing the preparation parameters of graphene. A proper potential function is designed to simulate the formation of graphene on the WC (\begin{document}$10 \bar{1} 0$\end{document}) surface and Co (0001) surface by a single carbon atom. The growth process of graphene, such as the deposition of carbon atoms, the formation of carbon chains with different lengths, the transformation about carbon chains into polygons, and the basic units and natural defects of graphene are investigated in detail. Three processes of self-repair of graphene defects, including carbon chain rotation, splitting and embedding, are described respectively. The effects of temperature and carbon deposition rate on the growth of high-quality graphene are also studied. The simulation results show that at low temperature, the mobility of carbon atoms is low and grown graphene contains a lot of defects, and the coverage of the substrate is low, which leads to low quality graphene to be prepared. High temperature promotes the migration of carbon atoms and helps to grow high quality graphene. However, high temperature can cause damage to the substrate and reduce the flatness of the growing graphene. At a higher deposition rate, the nucleation rate of graphene is higher and the distribution is more uniform. However, due to the different ability of each graphene nucleus to absorb carbon atoms, there are many macrocyclic defects in the graphene. The low deposition rate has a longer annealing time, which excessively stimulates the migration of carbon atoms. It leads to the aggregation of carbon atoms and reduce the quality of graphene. The proper deposition rate can ensure the nucleation density of graphene, and at the same time, it has enough time to form six membered rings and repair defects, which is conducive to the formation of the high quality graphene. Therefore, it is significantly important to design the appropriate deposition temperature and deposition rate for the growth of high-quality graphene. After optimizing the simulation parameters, high-quality graphene is successfully grown at 1300 K deposition temperature and 10 ps/C deposition rate.
Study on temperature stability and mechanical properties of sintered Nd25.5Dy6.5Co13(Fe, M)balB0.98 magnet
Authors: Xu Ji-Yuan , Zhang Jia-Teng , Meng Rui-Yang , Chen Hong-Sheng , Fang Yi-Kun , Dong Sheng-Zhi , Li Wei ,   Division of Functional Materials, Central Iron & Steel Research Institute, Beijing 100081, China
Published: February 2023

The sintered Nd25.5Dy6.5Co13FebalM1.05B0.98 magnet (Co13 magnet) and Nd30Dy1.5Co0.5FebalM1.05B0.98 magnet (35SH magnet) are prepared by strip casting, hydrogen decrepitation, jet milling, orienting compression, sintering and annealling. The maximum energy product (BH)max and coercivity Hcj of Co13 magnet at room temperature are 30.88 MGOe and 19.01 kOe, which are lower than those of 35SH magnet. By adding Co and Dy, the remanence temperature coefficient α , curie temperature TC, and max operating temperature TW significantly increase form –0.136%/℃ to –0.065%/℃ (25–180 ℃), 310 ℃ to 454 ℃, and 160 ℃ to 200 ℃ respectively. Mechanical property test and fracture analysis show that owing to the high content of Co in the magnet, the proportion of cleavage fracture in the main phase grains increases, and the bending strength Rbb decreases compared with the Rbb of 35SH magnet, which is nearly twice that of 2∶17 type Sm-Co magnet. The reason for Rbb decreasing might be that Co element preferentially replaces Fe in the 2∶14∶1 main phase, which leads the lattice to be distorted and the grain strength of the main phase to decrease. The microstructure analysis shows that there exists a high Co region in the grain boundary phase of Co13 magnet, and its composition is close to (Nd,Dy)(Fe,Co)3, which might be one of the reasons for coercivity Hcj decreasing.
Cortico-thalamo-cortical interactions modulate electrically evoked EEG responses in mice
Authors: Claar Leslie D. , Rembado Irene , Kuyat Jacqulyn R. , Russo Simone , Marks Lydia C. , Olsen Shawn R. , Koch Christof
Published: February 2023

Perturbational complexity analysis predicts the presence of consciousness in volunteers and patients by stimulating the brain with brief pulses, recording electroencephalographic (
EEG
) responses, and computing their spatiotemporal complexity. We examined the underlying neural circuits in mice by directly stimulating cortex while recording with EEG and Neuropixels probes during wakefulness and isoflurane anesthesia. When mice are awake, stimulation of deep cortical layers reliably evokes locally a brief pulse of excitation, followed by a bi-phasic sequence of 120 ms profound
off
period and a
rebound
excitation. A similar pattern, partially attributed to burst spiking, is seen in thalamic nuclei, and is associated with a pronounced late component in the evoked EEG. We infer that cortico-thalamo-cortical interactions drive the long-lasting evoked EEG signals elicited by deep cortical stimulation during the awake state. The cortical and thalamic off period and rebound excitation, and the late component in the EEG, are reduced during running and absent during anesthesia.