bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Enhanced Predictive Modeling for Neuromuscular Disease Classification: A
Comparative Assessment Using Gaussian Copula Denoising on Electromyographic Data
Authors: Cepeda Eduardo , Sánchez-Pozo Nadia N. , Chamorro-Hernández Liliana M.
Published: November 2024

This study presents a methodology for automatically detecting neuromuscular diseases through prepro-cessing and classifying electromyography (EMG) signals. The presented approach integrates Gaussian Copula-based denoising techniques with feature extraction and Random Forest classification. To assess the performance, the study performs a comprehensive evaluation of various denoising techniques, including Empirical Mode Decomposition (EMD), Variational Mode Decomposition (VMD), Wavelet Thresholding Denoising (WTD), and Gaussian Copula Denoising (GCD). The study also compares the effectiveness of several classification algorithms, such as Random Forest (RF), Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN), Multilayer Perceptron (MLP), and Decision Tree (DT). The methodology demonstrated exceptional per-formance, achieving an overall accuracy greater than 99% in distinguishing between healthy, myopathic, and neuropathic EMG signals. The proposed method's effectiveness is attributed to its noise reduction ca-pabilities, feature selection focusing on mean amplitude and amplitude range, and the Random Forest al-gorithm's adeptness in classifying EMG data. The study's findings underscore the proposed method's ac-curacy and effectiveness and highlight its potential to revolutionize clinical diagnostics of neuromuscular disorders, offering a powerful tool for more precise and timely interventions.
Keywords: Electromyography; Denoising; Classification; Neuromuscular Diseases; Gaussian Copula; Random Forest; EMG; CNN.
Desarrollo y evaluación de la estabilidad de un nutracéutico a base de Aloe vera L
Authors: López Gamboa Yoel , Márquez Ibarra Adriana Alejandra
Published: November 2024

El Aloe vera L., conocido popularmente como sábila, ha sido objeto de interés en el ámbito de la nutrición debido a su amplio espectro de propiedades beneficiosas para la salud humana. Objetivos: Desarrollar un nutracéutico obtenido a partir del gel de Aloe vera L. y evaluar su estabilidad fisicoquímica y microbiológica por 180 días. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio experimental en el laboratorio farmacéutico Lacthina Phrama
SA, en Guayaquil, Ecuador. Una vez obtenido el nutracéutico se realizaron estudios de estabilidad fisicoquímica y microbiológica. Los indicadores para evaluar la estabilidad fisicoquímica fueron: cuantificación de aminoácidos, determinación de metales pesados y aflatoxinas totales. La determinación se realizó a 3 lotes del producto, con selección de 3 réplicas de cada lote, por muestreo probabilístico aleatorio simple.
Para evaluar la estabilidad microbiológica se evaluó el crecimiento de hongos y bacterias. Resultados: Los estudios de estabilidad mostraron un producto estable desde el punto de vista fisicoquímico y microbiológico por 180 días. Conclusiones: La estabilidad del producto lo convierte en una valiosa fuente de proteínas de
origen vegetal, con potencial para su uso en la suplementación para el desarrollo muscular. Independientemente de las propiedades nutricionales demostradas del nutracéutico, es necesario la realización de otras investigaciones que demuestren su seguridad y eficacia clínica.
Palabras claves: Aloe vera L; masa muscular; nutracéutico; proteína vegetal; aminoácidos.
KLASIFIKASI SUMBER BELAJAR DAN LANDASAN TEORI PENGGUNAAN SUMBER BELAJAR DI MI/SD
Authors: Dwi Hasanah Kartini , Anita Silvina Wahab Dewi , Susilowati Samsul
Published: November 2024

Learning resources are sources of information that are presented and stored in various forms of media to assist in the learning process. These learning sources can be identified as messages, people, materials, tools, techniques and settings. Learning resources play an important role in problem solving efforts in learning in MI/SD basic education. In the learning process, teachers need to know the variety and classification of learning resources in a systematic, quality and functional manner that suits the characteristics of their students. The use of learning resources in MI/SD basic education requires a theoretical basis for learning resources so that learning becomes effective, efficient and enthusiastic. Teacher creativity in selecting and using learning resources will have a significant impact on learning. This research explores the variety, classification and theoretical basis of the use of learning resources. The aim of this research is to provide teachers with an in-depth understanding of the variety, classification and theoretical basis of MI/SD basic education. The type of research used is using library research, namely data collection, to understand and study theories from various relevant literature.
Analisis Kesulitan Siswa Dalam Mata Pelajaran Matematika di MIN 3 Kota Mataram
Authors: Faizun M , Ramdhani Suci , Fahrurrozi
Published: November 2024

This study aims to determine "Learning Difficulties in Mathematics at MIN 3 Mataram City for the 2020 Academic Year. This is motivated by the results of observations and interviews with researchers where there are still many students who think that mathematics is difficult, and full of numbers and calculations that make students bored Study. The difficulties experienced by students in the learning process in class are the lack of students' ability to count. Students also do not understand and understand the material presented so that during the learning process students who do not understand tend not to pay attention to what the teacher explains. The data collected in this study is in the form of descriptive data obtained through observation, interviews and documentation in the field. Descriptive data, namely data in the form of information or information and not in the form of numbers. So in this study researchers used a qualitative approach. The data analysis technique used is inductive in nature, starting from data collection, data reduction, data presentation to drawing conclusions and the validity of the data is carried out using the triangulation method and reference adequacy. The results of this study indicate that students experience difficulties in understanding the language of the questions, difficulties in operating mathematics, and difficulties in performing calculations. Factors that cause student learning difficulties come from internal factors and external factors. Teachers strive to overcome student learning difficulties by conducting remedial learning, providing motivation and study guidance.
Peningkatan Kompetensi Guru Dalam Menyusun Perangkat Ajar Kurikulum Merdeka Melalui Supervisi Akademik di SMP Negeri 4 Jerowaru Kabupaten Lombok Timur
Authors: Turmuzi Ahmad
Published: November 2024

The problem in this school action research is that the competence of teachers at SMP Negeri 4 Jerowaru, East Lombok Regency, in compiling teaching materials for the independent curriculum is still very low. The purpose of this study was to improve the competence of teachers of SMP Negeri 4 Jerowaru, East Lombok Regency in preparing teaching materials for the independent curriculum in the first semester of the 2022/2023 academic year through academic supervision. The research was conducted from September 2022 to January 2023. The subjects in this study were 12 class VII subject teachers at SMP Negeri 4 Jerowaru, East Lombok Regency. This school action research is a qualitative research, which was conducted in two cycles. Each cycle consists of the stages of planning, implementing, observing and reflecting. Data analysis used a qualitative descriptive analysis technique by comparing the results of the initial conditions with the results of the first cycle and the results of the second cycle, which were obtained through collaborative academic supervision with colleagues with individual supervision techniques, which included supervision of teaching materials (documentation study) and academic supervision of class visits (observation). The results of the action (supervision) of cycle I, the level of teacher competency in compiling independent curriculum teaching tools is still relatively low, so it is necessary to carry out supervision again in cycle II.The results showed that there was an increase in the ability of class VII teachers at SMP Negeri 4 Jerowaru in making lesson plans significantly in the pre-cycle, cycle I and cycle II, namely an increase in the average percentage of the five aspects supervised, as follows: the number of teachers who collected all the tools teaching materials from 16.67% (pre cycle), 64.81% (cycle I) to 90.74% (cycle II), the overall quality of teaching materials from 12.25% (pre cycle), 52.78% (cycle I ) to 79.28% (cycle II), the quality of the flow of learning objectives (ATP) from 7.51 (pre-cycle), 47.71% (cycle I) to 78.97% (cycle II), the quality of teaching modules (RPP ) from 13.00% (pre-cycle) 48.96% (cycle I) to 78.12% (cycle II), and the suitability of learning planning with the implementation of the learning process becomes from 25.00 (pre-cycle), 83.33% (cycle I) to 100% (cycle 2). With a predicate of success from a less predicate or ≤70% in the pre-cycle and cycle I, it becomes an adequate predicate or is in the range of values of 71 – 80% in cycle II. Based on the background, problem formulation, and research results, the authors conclude that academic supervision can improve the competence of class VII teachers at SMP Negeri 4 Jerowaru in preparing teaching materials for the independent curriculum in semester I of the 2022/2023 academic year.
The Relation Between Ambulatory Blood Pressure, Age and Gender
Authors: Emashaal Hussein ELAraby
Published: November 2024

Introduction: Ambulatory blood pressure (ABP) monitoring offers an extensive evaluation of blood pressure (BP) fluctuations over a 24-hour period, facilitating a more profound comprehension of the impact of demographic variables such as age and gender. This study seeks to examine the correlation among age, gender, and arterial blood pressure (ABP), specifically emphasizing systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and heart rate (HR) variability. Comprehending these relationships is essential for formulating individualized methods for hypertension therapy.Methodology: The methodology employed was cross-sectional observational research conducted at NAWAT ALMUSTAKBAL .AZAWEA LIBYA from 2022 to 2024. Continuous 24-hour blood pressure and heart rate data were obtained by ambulatory cardiovascular monitoring (ABPM) technology at Nawat Almostaqbal Clinic. Participants engaged in a standardized preparatory phase, which included a 5-minute acclimatization period, succeeded by three baseline measures of blood pressure and heart rate. Participants were then equipped with ABPM devices to continually monitor blood pressure during their routine daily activities and sleep.Results: The findings indicate that age significantly influences systolic blood pressure, with elevated readings observed in older individuals. Nevertheless, age appeared to exert minimal influence on diastolic blood pressure. Conversely, gender significantly influenced diastolic blood pressure, with males demonstrating elevated levels of lean BP during wakefulness, but no notable variations in systolic blood pressure were observed between the genders. The research indicated that wake/sleep status significantly affected SBP due to circadian rhythms, but did not notably alter DBP variability or HR variability. Age, gender, and circadian state did not significantly influence heart rate variability or the fluctuation of diastolic blood pressure.Conclusion: The findings from the research indicate that although age significantly influences SBP, gender exerts a far greater impact on DBP levels. The diurnal cycle significantly affects the variation of SBP, indicating that physicians should take the time of day into account while managing a patient with hypertension. The conclusion is evident regarding the necessity for physicians to employ distinctive treatment options for patients.
Manejo Clínico Da Obstrução Intestinal Em Cirurgia Geral: Uma Metanálise Das Abordagens Terapêuticas
Authors: Holanda Guerra Denise Krishna , Oliveira Bárbara Vasti Lira Lins de , Cunha Maria Heloisa De Souza , Santos Alexandre Lopes dos , Lima Alessandro Araújo de , Jambo Bene Rafael , Lima Bruno Guilherme da silva , Lima Eduarda Tais Barros de , Ávila Guilherme Kumm , Lima Leonardo César de , Geiss Maiara Letícia , Filho Manoel Dimas Rocha de Oliveira , Riesemberg Maria Luiza Lyczacovski , Amaral Mylena Caetano do , Sá Suzane Maria de Sousa , Santos Thaís Costenaro dos , Yalle
Published: November 2024

A obstrução intestinal é uma condição crítica na cirurgia geral, caracterizada pela interrupção do fluxo normal do conteúdo intestinal, frequentemente causada por aderências pós-cirúrgicas, neoplasias malignas e hérnias. Os sintomas típicos incluem dor abdominal, náuseas, distensão e constipação. O diagnóstico precoce, utilizando tomografia computadorizada, é essencial para prevenir complicações graves como perfuração intestinal e sepse. O manejo pode ser conservador ou cirúrgico, dependendo da gravidade e causa subjacente, com medidas conservadoras como descompressão nasogástrica e reposição de fluidos, e intervenções cirúrgicas necessárias em casos complicados. Abordagens minimamente invasivas, como a cirurgia laparoscópica, têm mostrado benefícios significativos. Esta metanálise avalia detalhadamente as abordagens terapêuticas, comparando eficácia, taxas de complicações e resultados a longo prazo, destacando a importância de intervenções precoces e adequadas, considerando fatores como idade e comorbidades do paciente.
Fostering a Culture of Vulnerability at Work
Authors: Westover Jonathan
Published: November 2024

This article discusses the importance of fostering a culture of vulnerability in organizations in order to improve performance and innovation. It explores the research showing that psychological safety, where employees feel comfortable taking risks and admitting weaknesses, leads to better teamwork, problem-solving and learning. While research demonstrates the benefits of vulnerability, most companies still struggle to create truly psychologically safe cultures. The article then provides practical recommendations for leadership to cultivate vulnerability based on real-world company examples. These include leaders modeling vulnerability, defining clear expectations for respectful engagement, aligning rewards and accountability to encourage risk-taking, and establishing ongoing processes like workshops and reviews that support development from failures and critique. By consciously shaping behaviors, systems and development opportunities, the article argues leaders can embed vulnerability into the culture in a way that transforms how their organization learns, improves and competes over the long-run.
Community-Based Approach in Vaccine Trials: Insights and Challenges from COVID-19 Vaccine Trials in Nepal
Authors: Karki Khem , Pradhan Dina , Shakya Stela , Ajit Acharya
Published: November 2024

Vaccine trials in Nepal are not a new phenomenon. However, following the COVID-19 pandemic, there were several vaccine trials for COVID-19 vaccines in Nepal. Unlike previous trials, COVID-19 vaccine studies required swift and large-scale enrollment from communities. These trials aimed to recruit healthy individuals to evaluate the safety and efficacy of the vaccines in preventing the targeted disease.
In the clinical trials other than vaccine, researchers can enroll patients with specific medical conditions with their consent from the hospital. In contrast, vaccine trials require researchers to recruit healthy volunteers, who are primarily found in community settings. Recruiting healthy individuals from these communities is challenging because it involves navigating various layers of community stakeholders who must be supportive and grant permission for participation. Therefore, community-wide engagement is crucial for vaccine trials.
Communities need to be fully informed and positively engaged, despite potential negative influences from media and misconceptions about the trials. Despite these challenges, effective community interventions and engagement resulted in the successful enrollment of up to 4,600 participants across three trial centers within just two months.
Conducting the clinical trial in Nepal with a community-based approach has been both enriching and effective. This strategy facilitated smooth implementation and deepened connections with the local population. Engaging with community leaders, stakeholders, and members helped overcome challenges such as participant recruitment and adverse event management. The active involvement of community members in various trial stages fostered trust, cooperation, and empowerment. This experience underscored the importance of community engagement, cultural sensitivity, and collaboration in achieving successful and sustainable clinical research.
Exploring Concepts and Debates Surrounding Nutraceuticals in Nepal: A Scoping Review Article
Authors: Pyakurel Chetan Karki , Basnet Rojina , Poudel Roshani
Published: November 2024

Background: Nutraceuticals are the products derived from herbs, dietary supplements, specific diets, and processed foods, offering health benefits beyond basic nutrition and even the potential to prevent or treat diseases. The global surge in nutraceutical usage has brought attention to both their potential benefits and scientific enquiry regarding their safety and efficacy. This article aims to explore the concepts and debates surrounding nutraceuticals in Nepal.
Methods: The study reviewed 17 articles sourced from Google Scholar, Google, and PubMed between December 25, 2023, and January 25, 2024. It included a diverse array of sources such as cross-sectional and longitudinal studies, qualitative research, reviews, and other types of publications. Articles were managed using Zotero for de-duplication and assessment. All authors independently reviewed titles and abstracts, with discrepancies resolved through discussion and additional studies identified from reference lists.
Results: In Nepal, the nutraceutical sector is growing rapidly, driven by increased health consciousness, traditional herbal knowledge, and a rising demand for natural products. However, challenges such as adulteration, contamination, and mislabeling of products highlight the need for stringent regulations and robust quality control measures. The country’s regulatory framework, guided by the Dietary Supplement Guideline and the Drug Act, aims to ensure consumer safety and product integrity. Despite these measures, implementation and enforcement issues persist, including limited resources, inadequate market surveillance, and the prevalence of unregistered products. Controversies regarding the scientific support for health claims, the integration of traditional knowledge, and the ethical implications of nutraceutical marketing persist.
Conclusion: This review emphasizes the need for comprehensive studies and regulatory improvements to validate the safety and efficacy of nutraceuticals in Nepal. By fostering collaboration among researchers, academia, and industry, and by enhancing consumer awareness and education, Nepal can effectively harness the potential of nutraceuticals to improve public health and well-being.
Models That Prove Their Own Correctness
Authors: Amit Noga , Goldwasser Shafi , Paradise Orr , Rothblum Guy N.
Published: November 2024

How can we trust the correctness of a learned model on a particular input of interest? Model accuracy is typically measured *on average* over a distribution of inputs, giving no guarantee for any fixed input. This paper proposes a theoretically-founded solution to this problem: to train *Self-Proving models* that prove the correctness of their output to a verification algorithm V via an Interactive Proof. Self-Proving models satisfy that, with high probability over a random input, the model generates a correct output *and* successfully proves its correctness to V. The *soundness* property of V guarantees that, for *every* input, no model can convince V of the correctness of an incorrect output. Thus, a Self-Proving model proves correctness of most of its outputs, while *all* incorrect outputs (of any model) are detected by V. We devise a generic method for learning Self-Proving models, and we prove convergence bounds under certain assumptions. The theoretical framework and results are complemented by experiments on an arithmetic capability: computing the greatest common divisor (GCD) of two integers. Our learning method is used to train a Self-Proving transformer that computes the GCD *and* proves the correctness of its answer.
Against Purposeful Artificial Intelligence Failures
Authors: Yampolskiy Roman
Published: November 2024

Thousands of researchers are currently of opinion that advanced artificial intelligence could cause significant damage if developed without appropriate safety measures, but such measures are not currently deployed or even developed. A fringe theory suggests that a severe AI accident could serve as a fire alarm for humanity to take existential dangers of AI seriously and so it is desirable to create such a failure on purpose ASAP to prevent greater harm in the future. In this paper we rely on analogy to inoculation theory to argue against creating purposeful AI failures.
A necessidade da aplicação de Planos de Exploração Sustentáveis para a conservação de Araceae no Brasil
Authors: Calazans Luana S.B. , Valadares Rodrigo , Magno Alexandre , Sakuragui Cassia Mônica
Published: November 2024

Este artigo aborda a gestão sustentável de espécies ornamentais ameaçadas no Brasil. Ele destaca o marco legal que permite a colheita de frutos e sementes de florestas naturais, com regulamentações para proteger as espécies. No Espírito Santo, os planos de exploração  sustentável incluem ações de compensação para palmeiras ameaçadas. O comércio ornamental de espécies ameaçadas, especialmente da família Araceae, aumentou durante a pandemia de COVID-19, levando a vendas ilegais. Alguns produtores locais utilizam métodos tradicionais, como propagação vegetativa e coleta de sementes, para conservar essas espécies. O artigo enfatiza a importância de combinar o conhecimento local com a pesquisa científica para uma conservação eficaz. Também sugere o uso de fazendas experimentais e reservas privadas para pesquisas sustentáveis, além de promover espécies com selos de indicação geográfica para aumentar o valor de mercado. Essa abordagem visa apoiar o uso sustentável da biodiversidade.
Indonesia's 2023 MIKTA Chairmanship as A Middle Power Foreign Policy: Advancing Multilateralism From A Like- Minded Partnership Standpoint
Authors: Ifdal Abdurrahman Al-Fatih
Published: November 2024

A sphere of multilateralism is often construed as a prerequisite for a like-minded middle power partnership. It reflects the very nature of middle power partnerships. This paper seeks to explore Indonesia’s middle power foreign policy in advancing multilateralism through its MIKTA (Mexico, Indonesia, South Korea, Turkey, and Australia) chairmanship in 2023. This paper thus collects relevant data from MIKTA’s resources and documents to further scrutinize its middle power agenda. It should be noted that MIKTA’s flexibility in organizing its agenda is an indispensable part of itself. Thus, this paper provides in-depth research on geopolitical trends of a middle powers partnership that is like-minded in nature. It then concludes how such trends influence Indonesia’s chairmanship in MIKTA. This paper is structured to understand and interpret Indonesia’s 2023 MIKTA chairmanship from the perspective of like-mindedness in foreign policy analysis. For such, the paper will use a foreign policy action analysis with a primary focus on actions conducted by and/or in relation to MIKTA. This paper shows that Indonesia’s 2023 chairmanship in MIKTA is a quest to demonstrate Indonesia’s middle power foreign policy. This paper recommends for Indonesia’s 2023 MIKTA chairmanship to critically transform MIKTA’s minilateralism approach in order to produce concrete deliverables by starting to utilize multilateralism as a means to fulfill Indonesia’s interests as a middle power and MIKTA’s institutional purposes as a norm- builder in addressing major global issues.
Strategi bagi Keketuaan Indonesia di ASEAN dalam Mendorong Pelaksanaan Five Point Consensus (5PC) pada Konflik Myanmar
Authors: Aji Cahya Pamengku , Ningsih Novri Surya
Published: November 2024

Pada 4 April 2021, pemimpin negara–negara ASEAN dan pemimpin militer Myanmar menyepakati Five Point Consensus (5PC) sebagai respon kolektif ASEAN terhadap situasi di Myanmar. 5PC merupakan produk deliberasi ASEAN yang berlandaskan musyawarah dan kesepakatan. Hasil musyawarah diharapkan menjadi acuan yang sah bagi ASEAN dalam mengupayakan penyelesaian konflik di Myanmar. Namun, hingga Januari 2023, implementasi 5PC belum mengalami kemajuan signifikan. Hal ini menegaskan perlunya strategi bagi keketuaan Indonesia di ASEAN untuk mengupayakan pelaksanaan 5PC di Myanmar. Untuk itu, penulis menggunakan theory of peace dari Johan Galtung dalam merumuskan strategi tersebut. Menurut teori Galtung, konflik terjadi karena adanya kekerasan struktural dan kekerasan fisik. Upaya perdamaian terhadap kekerasan struktural dan kekerasan fisik adalah terciptanya positive peace dan negative peace. Dalam mendorong pelaksanaan 5PC, maka hal yang perlu diupayakan adalah terciptanya negative peace di Myanmar. Guna menciptakan negative peace, penulis merekomendasikan beberapa strategi yaitu melakukan multistakeholder and second track engagement, menggandeng Tiongkok, Rusia, India, dan Special Envoy PBB, serta memperkuat upaya special envoy ASEAN.
Civil Society’s Dual Role in Foreign Policy: A Comparative Analysis of Benefits and Risks
Authors: Helmys Naldo , Irawan Yurisa
Published: November 2024

This paper examines the role of civil society as an instrument of foreign policy, exploring its potential benefits and risks. Traditionally, foreign policy analysis focused on decision-making processes and the primacy of the state. However, the end of the Cold War, the rise of post-positivist approaches, and the increasing interconnectedness of global issues have led to a broader consideration of policy instruments, including the involvement of non-state actors like civil society. The study employs a comparative approach to analyze the benefits of civil society in promoting democracy and addressing global challenges against the risks of biased utilization and dependency on state support. It examines case studies, including the role of USAID in Myanmar and the Israel-Palestine conflict, as well as the Indonesian context, where the government engages civil society in development and foreign policy. The findings highlight the need for a balanced approach that leverages civil society’s strengths while mitigating its risks as an instrument of foreign policy.
Impact of technology-enhanced experiential learning on postgraduate students’ training in qualitative research
Authors: Daramola Dorcas S. , Oladele Jumoke I. , Ndlovu Mdutshekelwa
Published: November 2024

Shallow knowledge on qualitative analysis especially with the use of software like Atlas.ti was observed among students of higher degree in a Nigerian University. This study therefore aims to investigate the impact of technology-enhanced experiential learning on the performance of students trained in qualitative research methods. The research employs action research designed quantitatively. The population of the study were postgraduate students of Department of Social Sciences Education, in a Nigerian University while the target population were Measurement and Evaluation students offering Qualitative research methods. The study measures the participants' performance on the course based on the indicators, including transcribing, data cleaning, chunking/clustering, data coding and interpretation of results. Quantitative data is gathered through performance surveys and assessments evaluations based on the indicators. Findings of the study indicate that technology-enhanced experiential learning technique can positively influence learners' performance, resulting in more effective postgraduate qualitative research engagement while incorporating technology tools and immersive experiences aided higher levels of engagement, increased self-efficacy, and enhanced research skills among others. Also, the challenges encountered should be tackled through synergetic efforts by all concerned stakeholders.
Religious Dialectics in Urban Society in Tolerance Villages of Bandung City: Analysis of Emil Durkheim's Religious Functionalism
Authors: Hidayatulloh Taufik , Saumantri Theguh
Published: November 2024

Religion plays a significant role in the social life of humans. Its function is not limited to the individual's spiritual aspects but also encompasses broader social dimensions, including the formation of communal identity, social solidarity, and societal stability. This study aims to explore the dialectics of religion in the urban community of Tolerance Village in Bandung through the perspective of Emil Durkheim's functionalism of religion. The research employs a qualitative approach with a descriptive-critical method. The results indicate that religious practices in Tolerance Village serve not only as a personal expression of an individual's relationship with God but also as a means to build communal identity and strengthen social solidarity. Functionalism of religion, within the context of religious dialectics, fosters harmony and religious teachings interpreted contextually can create inclusive and tolerant religious practices, in accordance with local culture and the needs of urban society. This study's findings are expected to serve as a reference for further research in specific religious phenomena and religious studies in general.
Fortegnelse paa Værker, Afhandlinger og danske Manuskripter, der handle om Grønland indtil Aaret 1880 incl. Paa Grundlag af C. G. F. Pfaff's Samlinger.
Authors: Lauridsen P.
Published: November 2024

Intet resumé.
Opmaalingsexpeditionen til Egedesminde-Distrikt 1897. Under Ledelse af Frode Petersen.
Authors: Petersen Frode , Pjertursson Helgi , Kruuse C.
Published: November 2024

Intet resumé.
Résumé des Communications sur le Grønland
Authors: Redaktionen
Published: November 2024

Intet resumé.
Tillæg til Grønlands Lichen-Flora
Authors: Branth J. S. Deichmann
Published: November 2024

Resumé findes ikke.
Magnetiske Observationer, Nordlys-Iagttagelser og Vandstands-Maalinger. 1883-85.
Authors: Garde V. , Holm G. , Crone C.
Published: November 2024

Intet resumé.
Sports regulation or the subject of sport law
Authors: Kurakin Aleksei Valentinovich
Published: November 2024

The article examines the phenomenon of "sport law", draws attention to the fact that this area of legal regulation is complex, due to the object of legal regulation - "sport". The author draws attention to various points of view regarding the subject of "sports law", and formulates the author's definition of this phenomenon. The peculiarities of the regulation of sports relations is the fact that the object in the content of this regulation is such a category as "sport". Sport as a phenomenon of social life is considered from a variety of angles, based on this, the subject of legal regulation of sports relations is complex, however, the norms of administrative law, both regulatory and protective, prevail in the regulation of sports as a phenomenon. It is noted in the work that the norms of international sports law have a serious impact on the subject of legal regulation of sports. The methodological basis of the article consists of various methods of scientific cognition. The following methods were used: the historical and legal method, which allowed us to see the dynamics of the formation of a system of views on the subject of sports law; formal-logical and logical-legal methods of scientific knowledge allowed us to identify contradictions, as well as legal and organizational problems that are associated with the legal regulation of sports. Based on the conducted research, the author concluded that the norms of sports law, as a complex branch, regulate public relations related to the establishment of the legal status of an athlete and coach, the procedure for the transfer of athletes from one club (team) to another, i.e. the norms of sports law regulate transfer (agency) relations. The norms of sports law determine the procedure for the responsibility of athletes and coaches; determines sports sanctions can be of two types, sanctions established in the sports competition itself and sanctions established by the norms of administrative, labor, criminal and civil law. The norms of sports law regulate relations related to the use of doping in sports, the relevant norms prohibit its use in any form and establish responsibility for its use in sports.
The potential of α-linolenic acid in purslane leaf extract (Portulaca oleracea) using stirring maceration method as an antidiabetic herbal medicine
Authors: Kusumawati Nita , Kusumaningtyas Ratna Dewi , Hidayat Muslikhin , Faizal Fachrirakarsie Fadlurachman , Cahyani Sinta Anjas , Kahfi Ashabul , Rahmadhani Aisyah Cici Dwi , Mu’minin Amirul
Published: November 2024

Diabetes is a global disease problem that is thriving due to its synthetic medicine sustaining antibiotic resistance. Purslane leaves (Portulaca oleracea) with a high content of ω-3 fatty acid, particularly α-linolenic acid (ALA), have emerged as an alternative antidiabetic herbal medicine. This study aims to identify the potential of purslane leaf extract as an antidiabetic herbal medicine by analyzing the target protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) to the ALA through molecular docking analysis. The research results showed that the highest extract volume yield was achieved in 120 minutes and a speed of 1,000 rpm using the stirring maceration method. The extract results with several solvents have properties that are appropriate to the standards. Sample E36 shows the most optimal potential because of the large number of ω-3 fatty acid functional groups then which will be analyzed further. The gas chromatography-flame ionization detection chromatogram shows a high ALA content in E36 and molecular docking analysis shows a binding affinity value of –3.4 kcal/mol to the target protein PTP1B, with hydrogen bonds and hydrophobic interactions. This compound has the potential for development as an anti-diabetic herbal medicine, with further exploration for efficacy in vivo and in vitro.
Human birth tissue products as a non-opioid medicine to inhibit post-surgical pain
Authors: Zhang Chi , Huang Qian , Ford Neil C , Limjunyawong Nathachit , Lin Qing , Yang Fei , Cui Xiang , Uniyal Ankit , Liu Jing , Mahabole Megha , He Hua , Wang Xue-Wei , Duff Irina , Wang Yiru , Wan Jieru , Zhu Guangwu , Raja Srinivasa N , Jia Hongpeng , Yang Dazhi , Dong Xinzhong , Cao Xu , Tseng Scheffer C , He Shao-Qiu , Guan Yun
Published: November 2024

Pain after surgery causes significant suffering. Opioid analgesics cause severe side effects and accidental death. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop non-opioid therapies for managing post-surgical pain. Local application of Clarix Flo (FLO), a human amniotic membrane (AM) product, attenuated established post-surgical pain hypersensitivity without exhibiting known side effects of opioid use in mice. This effect was achieved through direct inhibition of nociceptive dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons via CD44-dependent pathways. We further purified the major matrix component, the heavy chain-hyaluronic acid/pentraxin 3 (HC-HA/PTX3) from human AM that has greater purity and water solubility than FLO. HC-HA/PTX3 replicated FLO-induced neuronal and pain inhibition. Mechanistically, HC-HA/PTX3 induced cytoskeleton rearrangements to inhibit sodium current and high-voltage activated calcium current on nociceptive neurons, suggesting it is a key bioactive component mediating pain relief. Collectively, our findings highlight the potential of naturally derived biologics from human birth tissues as an effective non-opioid treatment for post-surgical pain. Moreover, we unravel the underlying mechanisms of pain inhibition induced by FLO and HC-HA/PTX3.
CXXC-finger protein 1 associates with FOXP3 to stabilize homeostasis and suppressive functions of regulatory T cells
Authors: Meng Xiaoyu , Zhu Yezhang , Liu Kuai , Wang Yuxi , Liu Xiaoqian , Liu Chenxin , Zeng Yan , Wang Shuai , Gao Xianzhi , Shen Xin , Chen Jing , Tao Sijue , Xu Qianying , Dong Linjia , Shen Li , Wang Lie
Published: November 2024

FOXP3-expressing regulatory T (T
reg
) cells play a pivotal role in maintaining immune homeostasis and tolerance, with their activation being crucial for preventing various inflammatory responses. However, the mechanisms governing the epigenetic program in T
reg
cells during their dynamic activation remain unclear. In this study, we demonstrate that CXXC finger protein 1 (CXXC1) interacts with the transcription factor FOXP3 and facilitates the regulation of target genes by modulating H3K4me3 deposition.
Cxxc1
deletion in T
reg
cells leads to severe inflammatory disease and spontaneous T-cell activation, with impaired immunosuppressive function. As a transcriptional regulator, CXXC1 promotes the expression of key T
reg
functional markers under steady-state conditions, which are essential for the maintenance of T
reg
cell homeostasis and their suppressive functions. Epigenetically, CXXC1 binds to the genomic regulatory regions of T
reg
program genes in mouse T
reg
cells, overlapping with FOXP3 binding sites. Given its critical role in T
reg
cell homeostasis, CXXC1 presents itself as a promising therapeutic target for autoimmune diseases.
Recognition and Cleavage of Human tRNA Methyltransferase TRMT1 by the SARS-CoV-2 Main Protease
Authors: D’Oliviera Angel , Dai Xuhang , Mottaghinia Saba , Olson Sophie , Geissler Evan P , Etienne Lucie , Zhang Yingkai , Mugridge Jeffrey S
Published: November 2024

The SARS-CoV-2 main protease (M
pro
, or Nsp5) is critical for the production of functional viral proteins during infection and, like many viral proteases, can also target host proteins to subvert their cellular functions. Here, we show that the human tRNA methyltransferase TRMT1 can be recognized and cleaved by SARS-CoV-2 M
pro
. TRMT1 installs the
N
2
,
N
2
-dimethylguanosine (m2,2G) modification on mammalian tRNAs, which promotes global protein synthesis and cellular redox homeostasis. We find that M
pro
can cleave endogenous TRMT1 in human cell lysate, resulting in removal of the TRMT1 zinc finger domain. TRMT1 proteolysis results in elimination of TRMT1 tRNA methyltransferase activity and reduced tRNA binding affinity. Evolutionary analysis shows that the TRMT1 cleavage site is highly conserved in mammals, except in Muroidea, where TRMT1 is likely resistant to cleavage. In primates, regions outside the cleavage site with rapid evolution could indicate adaptation to ancient viral pathogens. Furthermore, we determined the structure of a TRMT1 peptide in complex with M
pro
, revealing a substrate binding conformation distinct from the majority of available M
pro
-peptide complexes. Kinetic parameters for peptide cleavage show that the TRMT1(526-536) sequence is cleaved with comparable efficiency to the M
pro
-targeted nsp8/9 viral cleavage site. Mutagenesis studies and molecular dynamics simulations together indicate that kinetic discrimination occurs during a later step of M
pro
-mediated proteolysis that follows substrate binding. Our results provide new information about the structural basis for M
pro
substrate recognition and cleavage, the functional roles of the TRMT1 zinc finger domain in tRNA binding and modification, and the regulation of TRMT1 activity by SARS-CoV-2 M
pro
. These studies could inform future therapeutic design targeting M
pro
and raise the possibility that proteolysis of human TRMT1 during SARS-CoV-2 infection suppresses protein translation and oxidative stress response to impact viral pathogenesis.
ACK1 and BRK non-receptor tyrosine kinase deficiencies are associated with familial systemic lupus and involved in efferocytosis
Authors: Guillet Stephanie , Lazarov Tomi , Jordan Natasha , Boisson Bertrand , Tello Maria , Craddock Barbara , Zhou Ting , Nishi Chihiro , Bareja Rohan , Yang Hairu , Rieux-Laucat Frederic , Fregel Lorenzo Rosa Irene , Dyall Sabrina D , Isenberg David , D'Cruz David , Lachmann Nico , Elemento Olivier , Viale Agnes , Socci Nicholas D , Abel Laurent , Nagata Shigekazu , Huse Morgan , Miller W Todd , Casanova Jean-Laurent , Geissmann Frédéric
Published: November 2024

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease, the pathophysiology and genetic basis of which are incompletely understood. Using a forward genetic screen in multiplex families with SLE, we identified an association between SLE and compound heterozygous deleterious variants in the non-receptor tyrosine kinases (NRTKs) ACK1 and BRK. Experimental blockade of ACK1 or BRK increased circulating autoantibodies in vivo in mice and exacerbated glomerular IgG deposits in an SLE mouse model. Mechanistically, NRTKs regulate activation, migration, and proliferation of immune cells. We found that the patients’ ACK1 and BRK variants impair efferocytosis, the MERTK-mediated anti-inflammatory response to apoptotic cells, in human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC)-derived macrophages, which may contribute to SLE pathogenesis. Overall, our data suggest that ACK1 and BRK deficiencies are associated with human SLE and impair efferocytosis in macrophages.
The identification of extensive samples of motor units in human muscles reveals diverse effects of neuromodulatory inputs on the rate coding
Authors: Avrillon Simon , Hug François , Enoka Roger , Caillet Arnault H , Farina Dario
Published: November 2024

Movements are performed by motoneurons transforming synaptic inputs into an activation signal that controls muscle force. The control signal emerges from interactions between ionotropic and neuromodulatory inputs to motoneurons. Critically, these interactions vary across motoneuron pools and differ between muscles. To provide the most comprehensive framework to date of motor unit activity during isometric contractions, we identified the firing activity of extensive samples of motor units in the Tibialis Anterior (129±44 per participant; n=8) and the Vastus Lateralis (130±63 per participant; n=8) muscles during isometric contractions of up to 80% of maximal force. From this unique dataset, the rate coding of each motor unit was characterised as the relation between its instantaneous firing rate and the applied force, with the assumption that the linear increase in isometric force reflects a proportional increase in the net synaptic excitatory inputs received by the motoneuron. This relation was characterised with a natural logarithm function that comprised two stages. The initial stage was marked by a steep acceleration of firing rate, which was greater for low- than medium- and high-threshold motor units. The second stage comprised a linear increase in firing rate, which was greater for high- than medium- and low-threshold motor units. Changes in firing rate were largely non-linear during the ramp-up and ramp-down phases of the task, but with significant prolonged firing activity only evident for medium-threshold motor units. Contrary to what is usually assumed, our results demonstrate that the firing rate of each motor unit can follow a large variety of trends with force across the pool. From a neural control perspective, these findings indicate how motor unit pools use gain control to transform inputs with limited bandwidths into an intended muscle force.
Previous, current and future monitoring and management of common minke whales in Norway
Authors: Øien Nils , Biuw Martin , Bjørge Arne , Haug Tore , Nilssen Kjell Tormod , Skaug Hans Julius , Kato Solvang Hiroko
Published: November 2024

An account of the historical, current and possible future management of common minke whales in Norway is presented. The current management is based on an approach very similar to the International Whaling Commission’s Revised Management Procedure (RMP) and requires historical and current catch statistics, together with new abundance estimates with associated variance estimates every six years. The abundance estimates are based on visual sampling online-transect sighting surveys with two independent observer platforms. These surveys are no longer economically viable with the current limited commercial harvest. Alternative methods for obtaining abundance estimates are discussed, including a simpler sighting survey design and genetic mark-recapture methods. The RMP requires Implementation Reviews desirably every six years, which take into account all new information available. The associated simulation trials are very technical and complex, and few experts have the insight to run these simulation tests. Simpler alternatives to the current Implementation Reviews are discussed. The objective is to develop more economically viable methods for abundance estimation and a simpler procedure for catch limit calculation without compromising the sustainability of the harvest. Any new procedure for abundance estimation and catch limit calculations will be submitted to the International Whaling Commission Scientific Committee for discussion.
Factors influencing the care burden among family caregivers using dementia care centers for older adults with dementia in Korea: a cross-sectional descriptive study
Authors: Kim Ja Eun , Lee Soo Jin
Published: November 2024

Purpose: This study aimed to identify factors influencing the care burden faced by family caregivers of older adults with dementia who use dementia care centers.Methods: This study investigated the care burden, family caregiver factors, care-recipient factors including behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD), depression levels, dementia attitudes, and resilience. Data were collected from March 15 to September 30, 2022. In total, 234 family caregivers using dementia care centers in five districts in Seoul, Korea, participated. Data were analyzed using the t-test, analysis of variance, Pearson correlation coefficients, and multiple regression analysis with SPSS/Windows version 27.0.Results: The mean score for care burden was 22.97. The factors influencing the care burden were BPSD (ß = .41, p < .001), depression levels (ß = .26, p < .001), hours of caregiving (ß = .18, p < .001), and resilience (ß = -.12, p = .022). The explanatory power of the final model was 46.1% (F = 47.76, p < .001).Conclusion: This study provides valuable insights into the care burden faced by family caregivers. Based on these results, programs for family caregivers should be developed with consideration of BPSD in older adults with dementia. Additionally, interventions that relieve depression and strengthen the resilience of family caregivers should be prioritized. Furthermore, it is essential to extend support systems to accommodate caregivers’ time constraints.
A distributed algorithm for solving large-scale p-median problems using expectation maximization
Authors: Gwalani Harsha , Helsing Joseph , Alshammari Sultanah M. , Tiwari Chetan , Mikler Armin R.
Published: November 2024

The p-median problem selects p source locations to serve n destinations such that the average distance between the destinations and corresponding sources is minimized. It is a well-studied NP-hard combinatorial optimization problem with many existing heuristic solutions, however, existing algorithms are not scalable for large-scale problems. The fast interchange (FI) heuristic which yields results close to the optimal solution with respect to the objective function value becomes suboptimal with respect to time requirements for large-scale problems. We present a novel distributed divide and conquer algorithm, EM-FI, to solve large-scale p-median problems quickly even with limited computing resources. The algorithm identifies the existing spatial clusters of the destination locations using expectation maximization (EM) and solves them as independent p-median problems using integer programming or FI concurrently. The proposed algorithm showed an order of magnitude improvement in time without the loss of quality in terms of the objective function value on synthetic and real datasets.