bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Modification of the BioMedicus centrifugal pump to provide continuous irrigation for neuroendoscopy: technical note
Authors: Koueik Joyce , Rocque Brandon G. , Henry Jordan , Bragg Taryn , Paul Jennifer , Iskandar Bermans J.
Published: December 2017

Continuous irrigation is an important adjunct for successful intraventricular endoscopy, particularly for complex cases. It allows better visualization by washing out blood and debris, improves navigation by expanding the ventricles, and assists with tissue dissection. A method of irrigation delivery using a centrifugal pump designed originally for cardiac surgery is presented.

The BioMedicus centrifugal pump has the desirable ability to deliver a continuous laminar flow of fluid that excludes air from the system. A series of modifications to the pump tubing was performed to adapt it to neuroendoscopy. Equipment testing determined flow and pressure responses at various settings and simulated clinical conditions. The pump was then studied clinically in 11 endoscopy cases and eventually used in 310 surgical cases.

Modifications of the pump tubing allowed for integration with different endoscopy systems. Constant flow rates were achieved with and without surgical instruments through the working ports. Optimal flow rates ranged between 30 and 100 ml/min depending on endoscope size. Intraoperative use was well tolerated with no permanent morbidity and showed consistent flow rates, minimal air accumulation, and seamless irrigation bag replacement during prolonged surgery. Although the pump is equipped with an internal safety mechanism to protect against pressure buildup when outflow obstructions occur, equipment testing revealed that flow cessation is not instantaneous enough to protect against sudden intracranial pressure elevation.

A commonly available cardiac pump system was modified to provide continuous irrigation for intraventricular endoscopy. The system alleviates the problems of inconsistent flow rates, air in the irrigation lines, and delays in changing irrigation bags, thereby optimizing patient safety and surgical efficiency. Safe use of the pump requires good ventricular outflow and, clearly, sound surgical judgment.
Effect of negative pressure on the dissolution behavior and mechanism from potassium feldspar
Authors: Liang Li , Shaomin Lei , Min Hu , Huihua Luo , Teng Huang
Published: December 2017

To increase the production of potash, it is important to convert insoluble potassium-rich minerals into soluble potash salt efficiently. This paper focused on the extraction of soluble potassium from potassium feldspar with normal pressure and negative pressure in the reaction system of hydrofluoric acid–sulfuric acid. The mineralogy of the crude potassium feldspar was studied by X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) and X-ray Diffraction (XRD) analyses. Factors of ammonium fluoride dosage, reaction time and system pressure on extraction efficiency of soluble potassium were investigated and system pressure is emphasized. The results shows that the dissolution rate of potassium was 79.3 wt.% with 0.5 g·g–1 ammonium fluoride for 2 h at atmospheric pressure. The dissolution rate was 93.1 wt.% at combined normal pressure for 1.5 h with negative pressure (–0.06 Mpa) for 0.5 h, which increased 13.87 wt.% for the extraction efficiency of soluble potassium. The dissolution mechanism was revealed by the thermodynamics calculation of potassium feldspar and demonstrated by phase identification and morphology of extraction residue using XRD. The process is novel method to extracted a large amount of soluble potassium from potassium feldspar which belongs to a simple, economical and effective chemical extraction method.
Floor Heave Mechanism of Gob-Side Entry Retaining with Fully-Mechanized Backfilling Mining
Authors: Gong Peng , Ma Zhanguo , Ni Xiaoyan , Zhang Ray
Published: December 2017

Serious floor heave in gob-side entry retaining (GER) with fully-mechanized gangue backfilling mining affects the transportation and ventilation safety of the mine. A theoretical mechanical model for the floor of gob-backfilled GER was established. The effects of the mechanical properties of floor strata, the granular compaction of backfilling area (BFA), the vertical support of roadside support body (RSB), and the stress concentration of the solid coal on the floor heave of the gob-backfilled GER were studied. The results show that the floor heave increases with the increase of the coal seam buried depth, and decreases with the increase of the floor rock elastic modulus. The development depth of the plastic zone decreases with the increase of the c and φ value of the floor rock, and increases with the increase of the stress concentration factor of the solid coal. The development depth of the plastic zone in the test mine reached 2.68 m. The field test and monitoring results indicate that the comprehensive control scheme of adjusting backfilling pressure, deep grouting reinforcement, shallow opening stress relief slots, and surface pouring can effectively control the floor heave. The roof-floor displacement is reduced by 73.8% compared to that with the original support scheme. The roadway section meets the design and application requirements when the deformation stabilizes, demonstrating the rationality of the mechanical model. The research results overcome the technical bottleneck of floor heave control of fully-mechanized backfilling GER, providing a reliable basis for the design of a floor heave control scheme.
A Reference-Free and Non-Contact Method for Detecting and Imaging Damage in Adhesive-Bonded Structures Using Air-Coupled Ultrasonic Transducers
Authors: Yonathan Sunarsa Timotius , Aryan Pouria , Jeon Ikgeun , Park Byeongjin , Liu Peipei , Sohn Hoon
Published: December 2017

Adhesive bonded structures have been widely used in aerospace, automobile, and marine industries. Due to the complex nature of the failure mechanisms of bonded structures, cost-effective and reliable damage detection is crucial for these industries. Most of the common damage detection methods are not adequately sensitive to the presence of weakened bonding. This paper presents an experimental and analytical method for the in-situ detection of damage in adhesive-bonded structures. The method is fully non-contact, using air-coupled ultrasonic transducers (ACT) for ultrasonic wave generation and sensing. The uniqueness of the proposed method relies on accurate detection and localization of weakened bonding in complex adhesive bonded structures. The specimens tested in this study are parts of real-world structures with critical and complex damage types, provided by Hyundai Heavy Industries® and IKTS Fraunhofer®. Various transmitter and receiver configurations, including through transmission, pitch-catch scanning, and probe holder angles, were attempted, and the obtained results were analyzed. The method examines the time-of-flight of the ultrasonic waves over a target inspection area, and the spatial variation of the time-of-flight information was examined to visualize and locate damage. The proposed method works without relying on reference data obtained from the pristine condition of the target specimen. Aluminum bonded plates and triplex adhesive layers with debonding and weakened bonding were used to examine the effectiveness of the method.
Arrayed Force Sensors Made of Paper, Elastomer, and Hydrogel Particles
Authors: Zou Xiyue , Liang Tongfen , Lopez Nastassja , Ahmed Moustafa , Ajayan Akshitha , Mazzeo Aaron
Published: December 2017

This article presents a sensor for detecting the distribution of forces on a surface. The device with nine buttons consisted of an elastomer-based layer as a touch interface resting on a substrate of patterned metallized paper. The elastomer-based layer included a three-by-three array of deformable, hemispherical elements/reliefs, facing down toward an array of interdigitated capacitive sensing units on patterned metallized paper. Each hemispherical element is 20 mm in diameter and 8 mm in height. When a user applied pressure to the elastomer-based layer, the contact area between the hemispherical elements and the interdigitated capacitive sensing units increased with the deformation of the hemispherical elements. To enhance the sensitivity of the sensors, embedded particles of hydrogel in the elastomer-based layer increased the measured electrical responses. The measured capacitance increased because the effective dielectric permittivity of the hydrogel was greater than that of air. Electromechanical characterization verified that the hydrogel-filled elastomer was more sensitive to force at a low range of loads (23.4 pF/N) than elastomer alone without embedded hydrogel (3.4 pF/N), as the hydrogel reduced the effective elastic modulus of the composite material by a factor of seven. A simple demonstration suggests that the force-sensing array has the potential to contribute to wearable and soft robotic devices.
Stacked Sparse Auto-Encoders (SSAE) Based Electronic Nose for Chinese Liquors Classification
Authors: Zhao Wei , Meng Qing-Hao , Zeng Ming , Qi Pei-Feng
Published: December 2017

This paper presents a stacked sparse auto-encoder (SSAE) based deep learning method for an electronic nose (e-nose) system to classify different brands of Chinese liquors. It is well known that preprocessing; feature extraction (generation and reduction) are necessary steps in traditional data-processing methods for e-noses. However, these steps are complicated and empirical because there is no uniform rule for choosing appropriate methods from many different options. The main advantage of SSAE is that it can automatically learn features from the original sensor data without the steps of preprocessing and feature extraction; which can greatly simplify data processing procedures for e-noses. To identify different brands of Chinese liquors; an SSAE based multi-layer back propagation neural network (BPNN) is constructed. Seven kinds of strong-flavor Chinese liquors were selected for a self-designed e-nose to test the performance of the proposed method. Experimental results show that the proposed method outperforms the traditional methods.
Erratum: Robinson, L.E., et al. Development of a Digital-Based Instrument to Assess Perceived Motor Competence in Children: Face Validity, Test–Retest Reliability, and Internal Consistency. Sports 2017, 5, 48
Authors:   Sports Editorial Office
Published: December 2017

The editorial team of the journal Sports would like to make the following corrections to the published paper [...]
Study on Environment Performance Evaluation and Regional Differences of Strictly-Environmental-Monitored Cities in China
Authors: Guo Ji , Zhu Dongdong , Wu Xianhua , Yan Yaozhen
Published: December 2017

With the rapid economic growth and development, the problem of environmental pollution in China’s cities is becoming increasingly serious, and environmental pollution takes on a regional difference. There is, however, little comprehensive evaluation on the environmental performance and the regional difference of strictly-environmental-monitored cities in China. In this paper, the environmental performance of 109 strictly-environmental-monitored cities in China is evaluated in terms of natural performance, management performance, and scale performance by Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA), incorporating PM2.5 and PM10 as undesirable outputs. The empirical results show that: (1) At present, the natural performance is quite high, while the management performance is noticeably low for most cities. (2) The gap between the level of economic development and environmental protection among cities in China is large, and the scale efficiency of big cities is better than that of smaller cities. The efficiency value of large-scale cities such as Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Shenzhen, etc. is high, equaling 1; the value of smaller cities such as Sanmenxia, Baoding, Mudanjiang, and Pingdingshan is low, close to 0, indicating that big cities are characterized by high environmental efficiency. (3) From the perspective of region, the level of environmental performance in China is very uneven. For example, the environmental efficiency level of the Pan-Pearl River Delta region is superior to that of the Pan-Yangtze River region and the Bahia Rim region, whose values of environmental efficiency are 0.858, 0.658, and 0.622 respectively. The average efficiency of the Southern Coastal Economic Zone, Eastern Coastal Comprehensive Economic Zone, and the Comprehensive Economic Zone in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River is higher than that of other regions. Finally, corresponding countermeasures and suggestions are put forward. The method used in this paper is applicable to the performance evaluation of cities, and the results of the evaluation reflect the differences of the environmental performance level between strictly-environmental-monitored cities and different regions in China, providing reference for the balanced environmental development of cities and regions.
Local Energy Advising in Sweden: Historical Development and Lessons for Future Policy-Making
Authors: Kjeang Are , Palm Jenny , Venkatesh G.
Published: December 2017

In Sweden, energy-consulting services, here referred to as local energy advising (LEA), have traditionally contributed to improving household energy efficiency. The aim of this article is to analyze the development of this service from the 1970s, when the consultancy came into being, to the present day, through a review of documents and published literature. The analysis enables the understanding of the evolution of local energy advising as a policy instrument, and provides valuable insights for the future. Local energy advising has often been subsidized by the Swedish government and used as a state policy measure rather than a municipal one. As a policy measure, the function of the service has changed over time. In the early period, the oil crisis was a fact and the local advisers were used to inform households. In the 1980s, however, the task of energy-advising was taken over by the energy companies in the spirit of market liberalization. In the 1990s, Sweden became a member of the European Union, and the emphasis was put on general information campaigns. Recently, the development of decentralized energy systems (including micro-energy systems) has necessitated targeting individuals with information. One important lesson to learn from the historical development of LEA is the imperativeness of providing energy advising at the local rather than the state level for better efficiency.
Study of Quassessment Model for Campus Pedestrian Ways, Case Study: Sidewalk of the University of Lampung
Authors: Murwadi Haris , Dewancker Bart
Published: December 2017

The condition of pedestrian ways on campuses in Indonesia has become a serious problem because of the gap between regulations on pedestrian ways and reality. This condition affects students’ satisfaction as they move around. This research attempts to develop an evaluation model and test it on the sidewalks of the University of Lampung campus. The method used in this study is a qualitative-quantitative method (mix methods), collecting data through literature questionnaires and observations. For data analysis, quantitative content analysis and statistical analysis were used to determine the correlation between predominant variables and students’ overall satisfaction. This study found five dimensions of an evaluation model introduced by quassessment: quality, design, safety, sensory, amenities. It also found that the dominant factors that cause student dissatisfaction are concerns with durability of path material, aesthetics, and continuity of path without significant elevation differences. The dominant factors that potentially bring more satisfaction to students are durability of path material, aesthetics, and availability of shelter. On the other hand, observation, absence of obstruction, continuity of path without significant elevation differences, and durability of path material are the most common factors. Also, it has been found that overall satisfaction has a correlation with five dominant factors, which are durability of path material factor (0.62), absence of obstruction (0.60), continuity of path without significant elevation differences (0.69), aesthetics (0.59), and availability of shelter (0.53).
A Participatory Approach for Adapting River Basins to Climate Change
Authors: Verkerk Pieter , Sánchez Anabel , Libbrecht Steven , Broekman Annelies , Bruggeman Adriana , Daly-Hassen Hamed , Giannakis Elias , Jebari Sihem , Kok Kasper , Krivograd Klemenčič Aleksandra , Magjar Manca , Martinez de Arano Inazio , Robert Nicolas , Smolar-Žvanut Nataša , Varela Elsa , Zoumides Christos
Published: December 2017

Climate change is expected to reduce water availability in the Mediterranean region and water management needs to adapt to future conditions. The aims of this study were (1) to develop a participatory approach for identifying and evaluating management options for river basin climate adaptation and (2) to apply and evaluate the approach in four case-study river basins across the Mediterranean. As part of the approach, a diverse group of stakeholders joined a series of workshops and consultations in four river basins located in Cyprus, Slovenia, Spain and Tunisia. In each river basin, stakeholders expressed their views on challenges in their river basins, as well as options to tackle these challenges. We used the information on challenges, as well as the factors contributing to these challenges to develop a fuzzy cognitive map for each basin. These maps were converted into mathematical models and were used to assess the impact of a total of 102 suggested management options for the four river basins. We linked the options and their estimated impacts with a multi-criteria analysis to identify the most preferred options. The approach was positively evaluated by the participating stakeholders and allowed the link of stakeholders’ knowledge and perceptions about their river basin with their preferences for options to adapt the management of their river basins to future conditions.
Recent Advances in Modelling and Implementation of Rainwater Harvesting Systems towards Sustainable Development
Authors: Rahman Ataur
Published: December 2017

Rainwater harvesting (RWH) is perhaps the most ancient practice to meet water supply needs. It has received renewed attention since the 1970s as a productive water source, water savings and conservation means, and sustainable development tool. In RWH, it is important to know how much water can be harvested at a given location from a given catchment size, whether the harvested water meets the intended water quality, whether the RWH system is economically viable and whether the state regulations favor the RWH. Furthermore, the selected RWH system should be suitable to local rainfall and field conditions, downstream impacts, and socio-economic and cultural characteristics. In this regard, this paper provides an overview of the special issue on “Rainwater Harvesting: Quantity, Quality, Economics and State Regulations”. The selected papers cover a wide range of issues that are relevant to RWH such as regionalization of design curves, use of spatial technology, urban agriculture, arid-region water supply, multi criteria analysis and application of artificial neural networks.
The Acceleration of High-energy Protons at Coronal Shocks: The Effect of Large-scale Streamer-like Magnetic Field Structures
Authors: Kong Xiangliang , Guo Fan , Giacalone Joe , Li Hui , Chen Yao
Published: December 2017

Recent observations have shown that coronal shocks driven by coronal mass ejections can develop and accelerate particles within several solar radii in large solar energetic particle (SEP) events. Motivated by this, we present an SEP acceleration study that including the process in which a fast shock propagates through a streamer-like magnetic field with both closed and open field lines in the low corona region. The acceleration of protons is modeled by numerically solving the Parker transport equation with spatial diffusion both along and across the magnetic field. We show that particles can be sufficiently accelerated to up to several hundred MeV within 2–3 solar radii. When the shock propagates through a streamer-like magnetic field, particles are more efficiently accelerated compared to the case with a simple radial magnetic field, mainly due to perpendicular shock geometry and the natural trapping effect of closed magnetic fields. Our results suggest that the coronal magnetic field configuration is an important factor for producing large SEP events. We further show that the coronal magnetic field configuration strongly influences the distribution of energetic particles, leading to different locations of source regions along the shock front where most high-energy particles are concentrated. This work may have strong implications for SEP observations. The upcoming Parker Solar Probe will provide in situ observations for the distribution of energetic particles in the coronal shock region, and test the results of the study.
A Study of Fermi-LAT GeV γ-Ray Emission toward the Magnetar-harboring Supernova Remnant Kesteven 73 and Its Molecular Environment
Authors: Liu Bing , Chen Yang , Zhang Xiao , Liu Qian-Cheng , He Ting-Lan , Zhou Xin , Zhou Ping , Su Yang
Published: December 2017

We report our independent GeV γ-ray study of the young shell-type supernova remnant (SNR) Kes 73, which harbors a central magnetar, and CO-line millimeter observations toward the SNR. Using 7.6 years of Fermi-LAT observation data, we detected an extended γ-ray source (“source A”) with centroid on the west of the SNR, with a significance of 21σ in 0.1–300 GeV and an error circle of 5.′4 in angular radius. The γ-ray spectrum cannot be reproduced by a pure leptonic emission or a pure emission from the magnetar, and thus a hadronic emission component is needed. The CO-line observations reveal a molecular cloud (MC) at V
LSR ∼ 90 km s−1, which demonstrates morphological correspondence with the western boundary of the SNR brightened in multiwavelength. The 12CO (J = 2 − 1)/12CO (J = 1 − 0) ratio in the left (blue) wing 85–88 km s−1 is prominently elevated to ∼1.1 along the northwestern boundary, providing kinematic evidence of the SNR-MC interaction. This SNR-MC association yields a kinematic distance 9 kpc to Kes 73. The MC is shown to be capable of accounting for the hadronic γ-ray emission component. The γ-ray spectrum can be interpreted with a pure hadronic emission or a magnetar+hadronic hybrid emission. In the case of pure hadronic emission, the spectral index of the protons is 2.4, very similar to that of the radio-emitting electrons, essentially consistent with the diffusive shock acceleration theory. In the case of magnetar+hadronic hybrid emission, a magnetic field decay rate ≳1036 erg s−1 is needed to power the magnetar’s curvature radiation.
Use of ANTARES and IceCube Data to Constrain a Single Power-law Neutrino Flux
Authors: Chianese Marco , Mele Rosa , Miele Gennaro , Migliozzi Pasquale , Morisi Stefano
Published: December 2017

We perform the first statistical combined analysis of the diffuse neutrino flux observed by ANTARES (nine-year) and IceCube (six-year) by assuming a single astrophysical power-law flux. The combined analysis reduces by a few percent the best-fit values for the flux normalization and the spectral index. Both data samples show an excess in the same energy range (40–200 TeV), suggesting the presence of a second component. We perform a goodness-of-fit test to scrutinize the null assumption of a single power-law, scanning different values for the spectral index. The addition of the ANTARES data reduces the p-value by a factor

. In particular, a single power-law component in the neutrino flux with the spectral index deduced by the six-year up-going muon neutrinos of IceCube is disfavored with a p-value smaller than 10−2.
Origines et histoire de la gestion énergétique locale à Metz : les stratégies économiques de l’Usine d’Electricité de Metz (UEM)
Authors: Wernert Carole
Published: December 2017

Nouvel enjeu pour les territoires, la gestion énergétique à l’échelle locale a pour objectif de répondre, en partie, aux impératifs de transition énergétique. Cette échelle de gestion n’est pourtant pas récente : les débuts de l’électrification des villes marquent le point de départ de la municipalisation de l’énergie. La ville de Metz s’est dotée d’une Entreprise Locale de Distribution (ELD) au début du XX e  siècle, sous annexion allemande ( Stadtwerke ). L’UEM (Usine d’Electricité de Metz), attachée aux services de la Ville, produit de l’électricité dès 1901 et donne de nouveaux moyens de financement à la municipalité. Sa gestion de proximité renforce ainsi l’économie locale. La nationalisation de l’énergie en 1946 provoque un changement d’échelle de cette gestion et met à la marge ces entreprises dans le paysage national. Cet article a un objectif : celui de mettre en exergue les liens entre gestion locale de l’énergie et renforcement de l’économie locale. Ces liens seront étudiés à travers le prisme des stratégies économiques de l’UEM depuis sa création jusqu’à nos jours. Nous montrerons également les résistances de l’UEM face à la gestion centralisée de l’énergie à l’échelle nationale et ses stratégies d’adaptation à l’ouverture des marchés européens de l’énergie.
« L’incinérateur est trop près, la poubelle trop loin » : gérer les déchets en régime de proximité
Authors: Cirelli Claudia , Maccaglia Fabrizio , Melé Patrice
Published: December 2017

Un principe de proximité structure désormais la gestion des déchets en amont et en aval de la filière. L’application du principe de proximité révèle une tension : celle liée à la norme et à la réalité du terrain, et celle des habitants qui peuvent refuser un équipement et, en parallèle, s’impliquer dans des procédures contraignantes de réduction et de tri des déchets. Ces derniers, en tant que citoyens, s’attendent à un service public qui soit de proximité, tout en voulant maintenir à distance les nuisances de certaines phases du traitement des déchets. À partir de l’identification de quatre registres de proximité (institutionnelle ; fonctionnelle ; militante ; contestée) les auteurs mobilisent la notion de « régime de proximité » pour penser la pluralité des formes d’expériences de la proximité liées à la gestion de déchets.
Les drives : une proximité renforcée ou réinventée ? Quand la distribution alimentaire connectée réécrit les territoires d’approvisionnement des consommateurs
Authors: Deprez Samuel
Published: December 2017

Le drive constitue sans nul doute aujourd’hui, à travers les 3500 points de retrait qui maillent le territoire national, l’expression la plus visible du commerce alimentaire connecté en France. Impulsé par la grande distribution, le mouvement s’est progressivement élargi à des acteurs plus inattendus issus du monde rural sous la forme de drives fermiers ou agricoles. Le point de retrait prend désormais place dans l’« univers d’approvisionnement » des foyers aux côtés des autres circuits de vente, parfois sur le registre de la complémentarité, d’autres fois sur celui de la concurrence, et redéfinit aussi leurs « territoires d’approvisionnement ». Ces changements dans la fréquentation des lieux du commerce portés par le numérique sont analysés à partir d’une lecture croisée des pratiques des clients de deux drives normands – l’un d’enseigne, l’autre fermier – interrogés lors de deux enquêtes de terrain. Elle met en lumière les différentes formes de proximités qui président au développement des drives , à leur fonctionnement et autour desquelles s’effectue l’adhésion de la clientèle, entre permanences et nouveautés. Elle illustre aussi par l’exemple les effets territoriaux de cette « e-alimentation » longtemps restée discrète et qui porte le renouveau de ce secteur d’activité.
Quelle territorialité pour l’économie circulaire ? Interprétation des typologies de proximité dans la gestion des déchets
Authors: Bahers Jean-Baptiste , Durand Mathieu , Beraud Hélène
Published: December 2017

Si l’économie circulaire structure aujourd’hui le débat public autour des questions de maîtrise des flux de matière dans le cadre de la transition socio-écologique, la question de sa territorialité n’est pas véritablement posée publiquement. L’une des façons de comprendre ces enjeux est de cibler l’un des trois grands domaines qui la composent, le plus ancien et le plus structuré : la gestion des déchets. En effet, les logiques spatiales se complexifient, avec comme cadre de référence l’application du « principe de proximité ». Pour autant, rien n’indique ni l’échelle ni les modalités de cette proximité. Elle semble être à géométrie très variable en fonction du type d’acteur qui la prend en charge, du type de déchets et de la structuration des filières. Cet article cherchera donc à comprendre l’opérationnalisation du principe de proximité en fonction des acteurs de la gestion des déchets, afin d’analyser comment ces acteurs s’approprient les enjeux territoriaux de l’économie circulaire.
Le trésor du Vatican
Authors: Senèze Nicolas
Published: December 2017

Bâti de manière empirique après la chute des États pontificaux, le système financier du Vatican n’a jamais été organisé de manière rationnelle. Une série de scandales depuis les années 1970, soulignant les liens ambigus de certains prélats avec des organisations de type mafieux, a poussé les papes Benoît XVI puis François à engager de profondes réformes qui commencent seulement à porter leurs fruits. Pour l’Église catholique, il y va de la crédibilité de son message en matière économique et sociale.
Le « droit du Vatican » : de la loi de la pesanteur dans l’univers juridique
Authors: Pini Joseph-Thomas
Published: December 2017

Le choix, en 1929, de la forme restreinte et originale de l’État de la Cité du Vatican, pour assurer le statut international du Saint-Siège, a permis d’accroître diverses protections juridiques de celui-ci, en premier lieu vis-à-vis de l’Italie, en réglant aussi juridiquement la « Question romaine ». Mais il a, dans le même temps, placé le Siège apostolique devant des obligations et dans une situation où sa singularité, encore garantie par les règles originales de l’État, peut se trouver de plus en plus contrainte.
Le Vatican et les Églises locales
Authors: Moog François
Published: December 2017

La difficulté à penser de manière équilibrée le rapport du pape au collège des évêques et, plus largement, à l’exercice du pouvoir de chaque évêque dans son diocèse est liée à une conception trop personnalisée du pouvoir dans l’Église, qui ne prend en compte ni le lien de l’évêque à son Église locale ni la communion des Églises locales comme fondement de la collégialité épiscopale. L’article explore la complexité de ces rapports en relisant les premier et second conciles du Vatican.
L’accompagnement de l’entrepreneur en difficulté : questions autour d’un phénomène complexe
Authors: Philippart Pascal
Published: December 2017

La littérature en entrepreneuriat s’intéresse beaucoup d’une part à l’accompagnement des créateurs d’entreprises et d’autre part à l’échec entrepreneurial. Or, il ne semble qu’aucune étude académique n’ait interrogé l’accompagnement de l’entrepreneur en échec. De plus, la notion d’échec entrepreneurial ne représente qu’une partie d’une réalité plus vaste, celle de l’entrepreneur en difficulté, car avant d’échouer il a certainement été en (grande) difficulté et ayant échoué il a à faire face à des difficultés conséquentes. Par ailleurs, pour affronter de telles difficultés l’entrepreneur a besoin d’être accompagné. Nous proposons ici une définition de l’entrepreneur en difficulté en recourant à la notion de situation d’échec. Ainsi, l’entrepreneur en difficulté construit par ses actions et interactions avec son environnement un futur souhaité qui consiste à ne pas entrer dans une situation d’échec ou à en sortir. Cet agir nous amène à questionner la complexité de l’accompagnement en l’espèce pour proposer quelques pistes de recherche.
Key link
Authors: Gaillard Muriel
Published: December 2017

La Key Link est un outil entrepreneurial et managérial dont la transversalité et la flexibilité en font un support d’aide à la décision, un outil de prévention et de gestion des risques psychosociaux, de gestion de crise ou d’accompagnement dans le cadre de réorganisations, mutualisations ou fusions. La Key Link s’appuie sur les réalités de terrain, s’articule autour d’observations sous l’angle de la complexité et s’active par une communication spécifique dans une zone de rencontre privilégiée. Le pragmatisme et la créativité de cette approche favorisent son appropriation par les équipes professionnelles qui en s’en saisissant par des actions concrètes et ciblées deviennent actrices au sein de leur environnement global. Cette clé de voûte professionnelle confère à la Key Link une dimension stratégique.
Point-of-care diagnosis and risk factors of infantile, rotavirus-associated diarrhoea in Calabar, Nigeria
Authors: Nnukwu Samuel E. , Utsalo Simon J. , Oyero Olufunmilayo G. , Ntemgwa Michel , Ayukekbong James A.
Published: December 2017

Background: Rotaviruses are the primary cause of acute gastroenteritis in young children worldwide and a significant proportion of these infections occur in Africa.Objectives: In the present study, we determined the prevalence and risk factors of rotavirus infection among children younger than age 5 years with or without diarrhoea in Calabar, Nigeria, using a rapid point-of-care test.Methods: Two hundred infants younger than age 5 years presenting with acute gastroenteritis and a control group of 200 infants without diarrhoea were tested for rotavirus. Each stool sample was homogenised in an extraction buffer and the supernatant added into the sample well of the Rida Quick rotavirus test cassette and allowed to run for 5 minutes at room temperature. When both the control band and test band were visible on the test cassette a positive result was recorded, whereas when only the control band was visible a negative results was recorded.Results: Rotavirus was detected in 25 (12.5%) of children with diarrhoea and in no children without diarrhoea. Our results demonstrated that children who were exclusively breast-fed by their mothers were not infected with rotavirus and that 92% of the infants infected with rotavirus experienced vomiting.Conclusion: These data demonstrate that asymptomatic rotavirus infection is rare and that rotavirus is commonly detected in stool samples of children suffering from diarrhoea with concomitant vomiting. Use of point-of-care rotavirus tests will enhance early diagnosis of rotavirus-associated diarrhoea and reduce irrational use of antibiotics.
Les oiseaux et les anthropozoonoses
Authors: Wailly Philippe de
Published: December 2017

Les risques de transmission des maladies des Oiseaux aux humains sont examinés : la Psittacose principalement et la Salmonellose ensuite.

Des maladies rarement transmises, mycosiques, sont néanmoins traitées : aspergillose, candidose, ainsi que blastomycose et histoplasmose. Des maladies humaines provoquées par des oiseaux indemnes sont également évoquées : maladie des éleveurs d’oiseaux, abcès et phlegmons.
Le tarissement modulé : impacts sur la conduite du troupeau et la santé des vaches laitières
Authors: Meissonnier Etienne , Mayer Élie
Published: December 2017

Dans les élevages laitiers conduits intensivement, les vaches multipares ont tendance à présenter un surengraissement au moment du tarissement et surtout du vêlage. Cet état s’accompagne d’un faible appétit péri partum et d’un grave déficit énergétique post partum qui prédisposent à plusieurs maladies métaboliques, aux mammites cliniques et aux troubles de la reproduction.

Le tarissement modulé présente deux modalités : le tarissement classique (2 mois avant vêlage), réservé aux génisses ou aux vaches en faible état corporel (note = < 2,5) et le tarissement retardé (5 semaines avant vêlage), recommandé pour les vaches multipares en état corporel normal ou excessif (note >= 3,5).

Des critères de décision tenant compte des caractéristiques individuelles et des troupeaux sont proposés. Les auteurs analysent les conséquences sur la production laitière, la qualité du lait, l’état corporel, les performances de reproduction et les maladies métaboliques. Le tarissement modulé constitue un outil complémentaire dans la conduite du troupeau laitier.
La méthode Norecoin en restauration collective sociale. Étude sur 3, 6 et 9 ans
Authors: Catsaras Marc , Danjou Jean-Paul
Published: December 2017

Après les premières études (1985, 1986-1987, 1988-1990), la méthode d’analyse NORECOIN (normalisée, répétitive, codée et intégrée) a été appliquée à 107 restaurants de restauration collective sociale (restaurants scolaires) au cours d’une nouvelle période : 1991-1993. Ont été à nouveau obtenus < 5% de plats cuisinés non conformes et < 10% de plats autres (entrées ou desserts) non conformes ou non satisfaisants. La note NORECOIN est, dans ce cas, comprise entre 2,5, et 3.
Mécanismes neuroaminergiques et transductions impliqués dans l’effet chronotrope positif de la sérotonine sur l’oreillette isolée du rat
Authors: Davy Monique , El Rawadi Charles , Midol-Monnet Michèle , Cohen Yves
Published: December 2017

La sérotonine (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) présente un effet chronotrope positif sur les oreillettes isolées de Rat pour des concentrations comprises entre 5 et 50 micromoles dans le bain physiologique.

Cet effet est expliqué par une mobilisation de la noradrénaline présente dans les granules de réserve des terminaisons nerveuses sympathiques des oreillettes et une activation des récepteurs bêta-adrénergiques mise en évidence par l’accroissement de la synthèse intracellulaire d’un second messager, l’AMP cyclique.

Un deuxième mécanisme d’activation des récepteurs 5-HT2, est démontré par la formation d’un autre second messager, l’inositol phosphate.

Les inhibitions de ces deux mécanismes par des antagonistes spécifiques des récepteurs considérés appuient ces hypothèses.
Le foie gras d’hier, d’aujourd’hui, de demain. Aspects économique, technologique, sanitaire et organoleptique
Authors: Bonneau Christian
Published: December 2017

La production de foie gras, qui connaît depuis quelques années une progression sensible est partagée entre une production fermière traditionnelle et une production industrielle. Ce produit, de haute valeur gastronomique, exige une totale maîtrise sanitaire à tous les stades de la préparation. Des procédés de traitement nouveaux sont mis en œuvre et des technologies innovantes en sont au stade expérimental. La filière a une légitime ambition de qualité, le foie gras se doit d’échapper à la banalisation.
A propos d’un cas de Yersiniose à Yersinia enterocolitica chez le cheval
Authors: Vaissaire Josée , Moret Éric , Guéraud Jean-Marie
Published: December 2017

Horses yersinia enterocolitica cases.

The authors described some cases of horses Yersiniosis to Yersinia enterocolitica. In three cases the animals presented soft faeces during several weeks with important thinness and death for one of them.

One mare carried bacterial strain in her genital tract had foaled succes¬ sively three sickly foals who presented diarrhea disorders.
Le retour du vétérinaire biologiste dans le corps de troupe
Authors: Catsaras Marc
Published: December 2017

L’organisation et l’importance du Service Vétérinaire de l’Armée, lorsque celle-ci comportait de nombreuses unités montées (médecine du cheval et inspection des denrées alimentaires destinées à l’alimentation de la troupe), sont rappelées par l’auteur. Puis, la nécessité de maîtriser, dans une armée moderne, l’hygiène au sens large, des aliments et de l’eau en particulier, a conduit le Commandement à prévoir à nouveau 1 Vétérinaire au moins de Réserve par Régiment. Cette mesure est saluée comme il convient ; elle appellera, dans l’avenir, des développements, tant pour les Vétérinaires de Réserve que pour le Corps d’Active.
«Esbozos, de capítulos posibles, a lo sumo»: traición y reescritura en dos novelas argentinas con colofón de un escritor húngaro
Authors: Bakucz Dóra
Published: December 2017

En el siglo XXI, y ya a finales del siglo XX la literatura hace mucho que no sueña con grandes historias, grandes verdades, grandes revelaciones, perspectivas únicas y fiables. Al mismo tiempo, parece que nuestro presente (en un sentido amplio) todavía tiene mucha deuda –con circunstancias, hechos y tragedias de los últimos cien años– que da lugar a una categoría en la literatura que podemos caracterizar con expresiones como ruptura (en varios sentidos), trauma, y traición. «[…] Desde sus orígenes nuestras ficciones están atravesadas por la traición», dice Lilana Heker en su ensayo titulado Las formas de la traición en la literatura argentina (2009). Parece que, de la traición, y el trauma que esta significa, surge una necesidad de reescribir el pasado que los precede para que de alguna manera se intente reconstruir la continuidad del tiempo y encontrar la posibilidad de la integración de las identidades afectadas.
Borges entre la tradición y la invención literaria
Authors: Regazzoni Susanna
Published: December 2017

Si bien es cierto que la obra de Borges se ha leído como parte de la cultura universalista, en especial de la literatura occidental (Bloom, 1994) y con la acusación de cosmopolitismo evasionista (Caballero, 1999), el autor es inescindible del mundo que lo une a las tradiciones culturales rioplatenses y al siglo XIX, relación que marca una visión nueva de la literatura argentina, colocando, en un extremo, la tradición gauchesca y, en el otro, la teoría del intertexto (Sarlo, 2007).
Producción de los textos académicos y enseñanza por proyecto: las funciones del andamiaje educativo
Authors: Jovanović Ana
Published: December 2017

El debate sobre la necesidad de la inclusión de la alfabetización académica en los estudios superiores ha tenido distintas repercusiones tanto en los diferentes campos profesionales como en las diferentes regiones del mundo. No obstante, en las últimas dos décadas, se han articulado argumentos cada vez más fuertes hacia la necesidad de la introducción de la lectura y escritura académica en el currículo universitario regular (v. Prior y Bilbro, 2012; Carlino, 2003, 2013). En el caso de los estudios filológicos y, en particular, de los estudios de lenguas y culturas extranjeras, tal debate parece estar fuera de lugar ya que la alfabetización académica está íntimamente ligada con el desarrollo de la competencia comunicativa holística por lo que tiene un lugar importante en el currículo de los estudios filológicos.
Instrucción de procesamiento para la adquisición del artículo en español
Authors: Santiago Alonso Gemma
Published: December 2017

Numerosos análisis cuantitativos y cualitativos de errores centrados en la adquisición del artículo en aprendientes de diferentes lenguas maternas que carecen de la marca de artículo han confirmado que la adquisición del artículo podría constituir uno de los mayores problemas, entendiendo que la disparidad de formas y contextos en cuanto al uso de la definitud en ambas lenguas pudiera producir en el aprendiente falsas analogías con estructuras de la lengua meta. Por esta razón, se hacen necesarias herramientas que ayuden a la enseñanza/aprendizaje del artículo en español por parte de los aprendientes de una L2.
Fraseología y variación diatópica en español
Authors: Pamies Bertrán Antonio
Published: December 2017

La dialectología es subdisciplina que tiene su propia metodología y fundamentos, con un considerable acervo de datos sobre la variación, especialmente fonética (segmental) y léxica, tal como recogen numerosos Atlas Lingüísticos. Otros niveles del lenguaje quedaron sin embargo muy rezagados. Así, la prosodia tuvo que esperar hasta el siglo XXI para tener su primer Atlas, gracias al reciente proyecto internacional AMPER, todavía en curso. La otra área es la fraseología, que también ha tenido que esperar a trabajos muy recientes.
Double inferior vena cava and associated venous anomalies: a case report
Authors: Khamanarong K.
Published: December 2017

Introduction: Double inferior vena cava and associated venous anomalies are rare. Materials and Methods: In the present case study, during routine cadaveric dissection of the retroperitoneal region, an interesting venous anomalies was seen in the retroperitoneal region of a 70 years old embalmed male cadaver from the department ofAnatomy, Khon Kaen University, Thailand. Results: I describe here a case of double inferior vena cava (IVC) associated with double left suprarenal veins (LSRV) and double right testicular veins (RTV). Double IVC were connected with the transverse interiliac vein. While the upper LSRV is a tributary of IVC, the lower LSRV is a tributary of the left renal vein. Right testicular vein bifurcate at about the height of iliac cristae to form medial and lateral RTVs, which drain into right IVC at different heights. All these duplication and associated anomalies are assumed to occur during embryological development. Conclusion: These anomalies are rare, but the knowledge about the possibilities of such anomalies is of great importance during retroperitoneal surgeries, and interventional radiology.
Brain weights in adult africans
Authors: Salami A. , Ajani M. , Orhorho I. , Ogun G. , Adeoye A. , Okolo C. , Oluwasola A. , Ogunbiyi J.
Published: December 2017

Introduction: The average brain weight of adult humans, using Caucasian figures, is said to be between 1300g to 1400g. Few studies have however been done to make actual evaluations of brain weights in adult Africans. This study seeks to examine the weight of brains from people of African descent with respect to variations in sex and age in decades using autopsy specimens. Materials and Methods: Analysis of the weight of brains removed from both male and female adult patients during fresh autopsy of their bodies in our center over a ten year period was done. The study criteria required non-involvement of the central nervous system in the cause of death. The brains were grouped based on age in decades and further grouped into early, middle and late age groups. Descriptive statistical analysis was done using SPSS 20 statistics software. Results: A total of one hundred and sixteen brains were included in the study and the mean brain weight was 1280g with a range between 1015g to 1590g. There was no statistically significant difference in the mean brain weight of the different age groups. The average male brain was heavier than those of females and the difference was statistically signiicant. Conclusion: The brain weight of adult Africans in our study is similar to that seen in Caucasians. There is no statistically significant difference in the brain weight of adults from early adulthood to the elderly adults. Male adults have statistically heavier brains than the females.