bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
COVID-19 in pregnancy: creating an outpatient surveillance model in a public hospital system
Authors: Trostle Megan E. , Silverstein Jenna S. , Tubridy Elizabeth , Limaye Meghana A. , Rose Jessica , Brubaker Sara G. , Chervenak Judith L. , Denny Colleen C.
Published: November 2020

Objectives

We describe a standardized, scalable outpatient surveillance model for pregnant women with COVID-19 with several objectives: (1) to identify and track known, presumed, and suspected COVID-positive pregnant patients both during their acute illness and after recovery, (2) to regularly assess patient symptoms and escalate care for those with worsening disease while reducing unnecessary hospital exposure for others, (3) to educate affected patients on warning symptoms, hygiene, and quarantine recommendations, and (4) to cohort patient care, isolating stable infected patients at home and later within the same physical clinic area upon their return to prenatal care.

Methods

Pregnant women in an urban public hospital system with presumed or confirmed COVID-19 were added to a list in our electronic medical record as they came to the attention of providers. They received a series of phone calls based on their illness severity and were periodically assessed until deemed stable.

Results

A total of 83 patients were followed between March 19 and May 31, 2020. Seven (8%) were asymptomatic, 62 (75%) had mild disease, 11 (13%) had severe disease, and three (4%) had critical illness.

Conclusions

We encourage others to develop and utilize outpatient surveillance systems to facilitate appropriate care and to optimize maternal and fetal well-being.
Alexander the Great’s Route to Gaugamela and Arbela
Authors: Marciak Michal , Sobiech Marcin , Pirowski Tomasz
Published: November 2020

The aim of this paper is to analyse the chronology and itinerary of the march of the Macedonian army during the last days (September 18–October 1) of the Gaugamela campaign in 331 BC in the light of literary sources, cuneiform data, topographic and archaeological data, and GIS capabilities. The overall aim of this analysis is to contribute to the topographical enigma of the identification of Gaugamela as either (in the vicinity of) Tell Gomel or Karamleis/Qaraqosh. The cuneiform data allows us to establish the most important dates of the final course of the Gaugamela campaign: the Tigris crossing on September 18, a lunar eclipse on the evening of September 20, and the battle on October 1. Furthermore, a critical analysis of Arrian and Curtius suggests that the Macedonians spent only six days on the march and four days in the camp. Given the estimated average rate of the march of the Macedonian army, it is possible to reject certain routes between the Tigris crossing and Gaugamela and consider others as more or less likely. It is concluded that the Macedonians crossed the Tigris in the vicinity of modern Basorin and not Abu Dhahir or Abu Wajnam, as is widely assumed. Furthermore, it is also demonstrated that the difference between Tell Gomel and Karamleis/Qaraqosh, regarding their distance from Arbela, is much less striking than is frequently assumed, and as such does not speak against any of the widely held identifications of Gaugamela.
Robust superabsorbent p(MAPTAC) hydrogels with long physical cross-link junctions: synthesis, characterization and their performance for phosphate removal from wastewater
Authors: Aydınoğlu Demet
Published: November 2020

Ionic hydrogels with great water absorption capacity generally display poor mechanical strength that limits their use and narrows down their application areas. In this study, the new ionic hydrogel composed of poly (3-methacrylamido propyl trimethyl ammonium chloride) crosslinked with N, N-methylenebisacrylamide and sulphate ions was synthesized to obtain the hydrogel formulation which exhibits both huge swelling capacity and high mechanical stability, simultaneously. The successively synthesized gels with this strategy achieved a swelling capacity of 270 g/g and a modulus increased up to 20.43 kPa, indicating that they have a great potential to use in applications in which the both properties are required. The gels carrying a great number of cationic sites were also found to have a high affinity to phosphate ions, attaining an sorption value of 370 mg/g gel and to exhibit pseudo-second-order kinetic and Langmuir sorption isotherm models. The obtained results revealed that the new pMAPTAC gels have good potential for both phosphate sorption and high water uptake capacity without losing structural integrity owing to their enhanced mechanical strength.
Genetic parkinsonisms and cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Sturchio Andrea , Dwivedi Alok K. , Vizcarra Joaquin A. , Chirra Martina , Keeling Elizabeth G. , Mata Ignacio F. , Kauffman Marcelo A. , Pandey Manoj K. , Roviello Giandomenico , Comi Cristoforo , Versino Maurizio , Marsili Luca , Espay Alberto J.
Published: November 2020

Genes associated with parkinsonism may also be implicated in carcinogenesis, but their interplay remains unclear. We systematically reviewed studies (PubMed 1967–2019) reporting gene variants associated with both parkinsonism and cancer. Somatic variants were examined in cancer samples, whereas germline variants were examined in cancer patients with both symptomatic and asymptomatic (carriers) genetic parkinsonisms. Pooled proportions were calculated with random-effects meta-analyses. Out of 9,967 eligible articles, 60 were included. Of the 28 genetic variants associated with parkinsonism, six were also associated with cancer. In cancer samples, SNCA was predominantly associated with gastrointestinal cancers, UCHL1 with breast cancer, and PRKN with head-and-neck cancers. In asymptomatic carriers, LRRK2 was predominantly associated with gastrointestinal and prostate cancers, PRKN with prostate and genitourinary tract cancers, GBA with sarcoma, and 22q11.2 deletion with leukemia. In symptomatic genetic parkinsonism, LRRK2 was associated with nonmelanoma skin cancers and breast cancers, and PRKN with head-and-neck cancers. Cancer was more often manifested in genetic parkinsonisms compared to asymptomatic carriers. These results suggest that intraindividual genetic contributions may modify the co-occurrence of cancer and neurodegeneration.
Trace dynamics and division algebras: towards quantum gravity and unification
Authors: Singh Tejinder P.
Published: November 2020

We have recently proposed a Lagrangian in trace dynamics at the Planck scale, for unification of gravitation, Yang–Mills fields, and fermions. Dynamical variables are described by odd-grade (fermionic) and even-grade (bosonic) Grassmann matrices. Evolution takes place in Connes time. At energies much lower than Planck scale, trace dynamics reduces to quantum field theory. In the present paper, we explain that the correct understanding of spin requires us to formulate the theory in 8-D octonionic space. The automorphisms of the octonion algebra, which belong to the smallest exceptional Lie group G
2, replace space-time diffeomorphisms and internal gauge transformations, bringing them under a common unified fold. Building on earlier work by other researchers on division algebras, we propose the Lorentz-weak unification at the Planck scale, the symmetry group being the stabiliser group of the quaternions inside the octonions. This is one of the two maximal sub-groups of G
2, the other one being SU(3), the element preserver group of octonions. This latter group, coupled with U(1)
em
, describes the electrocolour symmetry, as shown earlier by Furey. We predict a new massless spin one boson (the ‘Lorentz’ boson) which should be looked for in experiments. Our Lagrangian correctly describes three fermion generations, through three copies of the group G
2, embedded in the exceptional Lie group F
4. This is the unification group for the four fundamental interactions, and it also happens to be the automorphism group of the exceptional Jordan algebra. Gravitation is shown to be an emergent classical phenomenon. Although at the Planck scale, there is present a quantised version of the Lorentz symmetry, mediated by the Lorentz boson, we argue that at sub-Planck scales, the self-adjoint part of the octonionic trace dynamics bears a relationship with string theory in 11 dimensions.
The Challenges of Treating Acute Myocardial Infarction due to Variant Angina: Lesson from an Interesting Case
Authors: Ding Wen-Yuan , Li Jia-Min , Zheng Fei , Wang Li-Li , Wei Xin-Yi , Li Guo-Hua
Published: November 2020

Coronary artery spasm can cause recurrent variant angina with ST-segment elevation. The patient was asymptomatic with normal vitals and ECG was normal. We present a case associated with transient ST-segment elevation and significant increase in troponin levels with non-critical lesion with normal CAG.
Spontaneous Network Coupling Enables Efficient Task Performance without Local Task-Induced Activations
Authors: Allaman Leslie , Mottaz Anaïs , Kleinschmidt Andreas , Guggisberg Adrian G.
Published: November 2020

Neurobehavioral studies in humans have long concentrated on changes in local activity levels during repetitive executions of a task. Spontaneous neural coupling within extended networks has latterly been found to also influence performance. Here, we intend to uncover the underlying mechanisms, the relative importance, and the interaction between spontaneous coupling and task-induced activations. To do so, we recorded two groups of healthy participants (male and female) during rest and while they performed either a visual perception or a motor sequence task. We demonstrate that, for both tasks, stronger activations during the task as well as greater network coupling through spontaneous α rhythms at rest predict performance. However, high performers present an absence of classical task-induced activations and, instead, stronger spontaneous network coupling. Activations were thus a compensation mechanism needed only in subjects with lower spontaneous network interactions. This challenges classical models of neural processing and calls for new strategies in attempts to train and enhance performance.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTOur findings challenge the widely accepted notion that task-induced activations are of paramount importance for behavior. This will have an important impact on interpretations of human neurobehavioral research. They further link the widely used techniques of quantifying network communication in the brain with classical neuroscience methods and demonstrate possible ways of how network communication influences human behavior. Traditional training methods attempt to enhance neural activations through task repetitions. Our findings suggest a more efficient neural target for learning: enhancing spontaneous neural interactions. This will be of major interest for a large variety of scientific fields with very broad applications in schools, work, and others.
Surgical Outcomes for Obstructive Total Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Return of the Non-Infracardiac Type Compared with the Infracardiac Type
Authors: Na Jae Yoon , Song Jinyoung , Huh June , Kang I-Seok , Yang Ji-Hyuk , Jun Tae-Gook
Published: November 2020

Background: Infracardiac obstructive total anomalous pulmonary venous return (TAPVR) has a poor outcome following surgical correction. We compared the surgical outcomes of obstructive TAPVR between non-infracardiac and infracardiac types.
Methods: Among 51 patients who underwent surgical repair for obstructive TAPVR, 23 with infracardiac type and 28 with non-infracardiac type were included in this investigation. The study compared the immediate postoperative courses in the intensive care unit and long-term mortality and pulmonary vein stenosis. The risk factors for long-term survival in obstructive TAPVR also were investigated.
Results: The postoperative follow-up period was 79.8 ± 81.5 months. Immediate major operative complications were observed in 22 patients (43.1%); 10 patients (19.6%) died, and eight patients (15.7%) experienced pulmonary vein stenosis during the follow-up period. The Kaplan-Meier curve showed better cumulative survival in patients with infracardiac TAPVR (P = 0.308). The significant factors for survival after surgical repair of obstructive TAPVR did not include anatomical type but instead were postoperative course of ventilator care and lengths of intensive care unit and hospital stays.
Conclusion: Patients with non-infracardiac TAPVR with obstruction had a longer postoperative course and experienced more complications. Their survival rate was poorer, and postoperative pulmonary vein stenosis was more frequent in those patients compared with infracardiac TAPVR patients. However, a large-scale study is mandatory to gather more data and confirm our findings.
On groups, whose non-normal subgroups are either contranormal or core-free
Authors:   Oles Honchar Dnipro National University, Ukraine, Kurdachenko L.A. , Pypka A.A. ,   Oles Honchar Dnipro National University, Ukraine, Subbotin I.Ya. ,   National University, Los Angeles, USA
Published: November 2020

We investigate the influence of some natural types of subgroups on the structure of groups. A subgroup H of a group G is called contranormal in G, if G = HG. A subgroup H of a group G is called core-free in G, if CoreG(H) =〈1〉. We study the groups, in which every non-normal subgroup is either contranormal or core-free. In particular, we obtain the structure of some monolithic and non-monolithic groups with this property
Necessary condition for the existence of a simple closed geodesic on a regular tetrahedron in the spherical space
Authors:   B.I. Verkin Institute for Low Temperature Physics and Engineering of the NAS of Ukraine, Kharkiv, Sukhorebska D.D.
Published: November 2020

In the spherical space the curvature of the tetrahedron’s faces equals 1, and the curvature of the whole tetrahedron is concentrated into its vertices and faces. The intrinsic geometry of this tetrahedron depends on the value α of faces angle, where π/3 < α ⩽ 2π/3. The simple (without points of self-intersection) closed geodesic has the type (p,q) on a tetrahedron, if this geodesic has p points on each of two opposite edges of the tetrahedron, q points on each of another two opposite edges, and (p+q) points on each edges of the third pair of opposite one. For any coprime integers (p,q), we present the number αp, q (π/3 < αp, q < 2π/3) such that, on a regular tetrahedron in the spherical space with the faces angle of value α > αp, q, there is no simple closed geodesic of type (p,q)
АГРОІНФЛЯЦІЯ ТА ІНДЕКС СПОЖИВЧИХ ЦІН НА ПРОДОВОЛЬЧІ ТОВАРИ: ПОРІВНЯЛЬНИЙ АНАЛІЗ "УКРАЇНА – ЄС"
Authors: МУДРАК Руслан , ЛАГОДІЄНКО Володимир
Published: November 2020

Однією з фундаментальних умов продовольчої безпеки є достатній рівень економічної доступності продовольства, тому з’ясування причин зростання споживчих продовольчих цін є актуальною науково-дослідною проблемою. З огляду на це, мета статті – визначити ступінь та причини впливу індексу цін сільськогосподарської продукції на індекс споживчих цін продовольчих товарів на основі порівняння досліджуваних явищ в Україні та ЄС. Зроблено такі висновки: 1) частина українських домогосподарств перебуває у стані продовольчої небезпеки через надмірні витрати на купівлю продовольства, однією з головних причин чого є постійне зростання цін на продовольчі товари; 2) за останніх 20 років в Україні ціни на продовольчі товари зросли у 11,8 раза, на сільськогосподарську продукцію ? у 23,5 раза, в ЄС ? відповідно, на 45 і 32%; 3) головним джерелом інфляційних імпульсів на українському ринку продовольства є агроінфляція у тваринницькому секторі сільського господарства; 4) в Україні помітно викривлена галузева структура сільськогосподарського виробництва – частка тваринницьких галузей становить лише 31,5%, що на 12,3 п. п. менше, ніж в ЄС. Це ? головна причина дефіциту продовольчих товарів тваринного походження; 5) в ЄС на 1 особу виробляється на 40% більше всіх видів м’яса і на 21,5% – молока, ніж в Україні; 6) на відміну від України, в ЄС виробництво і споживання продовольства, зокрема тваринного походження, має порівняно високий рівень стабільності; 7) в Україні експортно-імпортні операції з продовольством тваринного походження мають на меті забезпечення вузькокорпоративних інтересів безвідносно до національних; 8) на відміну від ЄС, в Україні у тваринництві понад 99% господарюючих суб’єктів ? це малі організаційні форми, які утримують менш як 5 голів худоби. Такі господарства мають порівняно вищі витрати виробництва; 9) причиною агроінфляції та зростання індексу споживчих цін продовольчих товарів в Україні є відсутність компенсаторів витрат виробництва у вигляді бюджетних субсидій.
АВСТРАЛІЙСЬКИЙ ТА МІЖНАРОДНИЙ ДОСВІД ВИЗНАЧЕННЯ АКТИВУ В МЕТОДОЛОГІЇ БУХГАЛТЕРСЬКОГО ОБЛІКУ
Authors: БАЛТАБЕКОВ Марк
Published: November 2020

У статті розглянуто роль і місце активу у фінансово-економічному становищі підприємства, а також важливість його правильного визначення для цілей фінансового аналізу і прийняття управлінських рішень. Зроблено короткий огляд інституційних та регуляторних аспектів австралійської бухгалтерської системи, досліджено нормативну природу відповідних документів. На основі поглядів учених і нормативних положень досліджено питання, яким умовам, повинен відповідати актив, з урахуванням цілей його існування, і як дані умови відображено в обговорюваних проектах. Показано еволюцію визначення активу в австралійській та міжнародній теорії і практиці, висвітлено діяльність Австралійської ради з бухгалтерських стандартів і Міжнародної ради з бухгалтерських стандартів у розвитку сучасних уявлень про те, яким має бути визначення активу. Розкрито характер проблем, що виникають у теорії та на практиці в результаті застосування чинного визначення, а також піддано критиці наявне у працях ряду вчених уявлення про тотожність активу та економічних вигід. На концептуальному рівні обгрунтовано розділення цих економічних явищ і проаналізовано, які теоретико-економічні аргументи враховуються австралійськими і міжнародними експертами при розробці правильних формулювань у визначенні активу. Проаналізовано запропоноване міжнародними фахівцями визначення і розглянуто його окремі можливі наслідки для порядку і форми запису активів у бухгалтерській документації. Окремо вивчено роль Міжнародної ради з бухгалтерських стандартів та її вплив на діяльність австралійських експертів.
Cross-border interactions as an object of sociological research: methodological aspects
Authors:   Uzhhorod National University 89-B, Zankovetska Str., Uzhhorod, 88000, Ukraine, Benchak O. F.
Published: November 2020

The unprecedented increase in the intensity of cross-border interactions in the modern world is emphasised, and the necessity of sociological monitoring of these processes is substantiated, the precondition of which is the creation of an appropriate methodology and methods. The stages of formation of theoretical sociology with particular attention to the genesis of cross-border interactions are considered. It is found that the main milestones in the formation of modern methodological principles of sociological analysis of this phenomenon are the post-classical stage of development of theoretical sociology (according to G. Zborovsky’s periodisation), the methodology of social constructivism, spatial turn and mobility in social development. The work of J. Urry’s sociology of mobility is considered, and its application to the Ukrainian realities is offered. Models of state regulation of cross-border mobility as one of the types of cross-border interactions, defined as the model of “gardener state” and “forest state”, are analysed. It is emphasised that these models had an explanatory power concerning the nation-states of the modern industrial era, but in the era of globalisation distort the understanding of central social processes and phenomena. The author analyzed the views of foreign and Ukrainian researchers on the methodological aspects of research on cross-border interactions. The systematic methodology of cross-border research, proposed by S. Ustych, is used and proposals for its improvement and implementation in research practices are formulated. The author’s position on methodological bases of sociological study of cross-border interactions as a differentiating and solidifying factor is offered.
Religious components of main risks for functioning and preservation of Ukrainian society
Authors:   Institute of Sociology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine 12, Shovkovychna Str., Kyiv, 01021, Ukraine, Parashchevin M. A.
Published: November 2020

The article dwells upon determination of the religious factor influence on the system of main risks which are threats to the functioning of Ukrainian society. Now the number and strength of risks for the normal functioning and existence of Ukrainian society have noticeably increased. As for some religious “revival”, one of the possible dangers is the problems of interaction between various religious actors, and between religious actors and secular society. Accordingly, a need remains for monitoring such risks, assessing their significance for the social whole. It is justified that although religion in Ukraine, mainly through religious organizations, can influence the existence and realization of primary social risks, its activities do not create system risks. Religion is relatively more robust and directly added to socio-political risks, but there is no influence on risks in the economic and demographic areas. At the same time, the consequences of the interaction of religion with other sources of socio-political risks are quite limited. On the contrary, social and political risks stipulate more manifestation of religious risks. Among the various forms of potential religious influence on socio-political and humanitarian risks, the most noticeable is the influence of interactions between the largest Orthodox Churches (Orthodox Church of Ukraine and Ukrainian Orthodox Church). Such interaction has been characterized by hostility and open conflicts, and this situation most likely will continue in the future. At the same time, even open conflicts between these Churches are and will be local, short-term, and dependent on the political situation. In the longer term, the role of religion in the archaization of mass consciousness, its dehumanization, the loss of the ability to create a rational picture of the world, and in maintaining social and individual mental tension becomes a noticeable risk.
Probiotics: Helpful for the prevention of COVID-19?
Authors: Zafar Nishat , Aslam Muhammad Aamir , Ali Ashiq , Khatoon Aisha , Nazir Abdul , Tanveer Qaisar , Bilal Muhammad , Kanwar Rabia , Qadeer Azka , Sikandar Muhammad , Zafar Abdullah
Published: November 2020

Up to now, no vaccine has been developed for COVID-19 treatment. Although many scientists are working for the rapid development of a vaccine to control this pandemic, nonetheless, it will take time. If the vaccine will be developed soon, it will not be available to the entire world instantly since the mass production of the vaccine will take time. In this scenario, we will have to take alternative measures to control the COVID-19 pandemic. These alternative approaches include the stimulation of the immune system to fight against viral infections. Among the different approaches to strengthen the immune system, the use of probiotics is the best one. Probiotics can help the body to fight against COVID-19 directly and indirectly. In this review, we comprehensively discuss the use of probiotics for the prevention and control of COVID-19.
JAMAICAN CRIME AND ECONOMY
Authors: YAZGAN HADZIBULIC Seda
Published: November 2020

This research paper examines an overview of literature on the most recent issues that are allied to crime and violence in Jamaica. They have been an issue which has affected the Caribbean as a whole but due to the islands many social and economic problems, it has shown an increase in crime and violence most noticeably in Jamaica. This issue has caused millions of people to live in fear due to the constant and never-ending crime and violence. The horrors of violence and crime has undoubtedly had a more profound and significant negative impact on the young population.  My research will focus on the aspects of violence and crime in Jamaica. This paper will also cover the general conditions in Jamaica, the organized crime and the conventional violence, and how the impact of the crime has had an effect on economic growth. My conclusion will focus on the policies which these countries have to change that will significantly reduce crime and violence and as a result will provide a better social and economic future for all of its citizens. The aim of this research is to have a broader understanding about crime and violence in Jamaica and to raise global awareness about their conditions and the humanitarian problems.
Jel Codes: A13, E71
Mass media as a mediator of communicative and cultural memory
Authors:   Ural Federal University, Oleshko V. F. , Oleshko E. V. ,   Ural Federal University
Published: November 2020

In the monograph, the process of mediatization is considered in the context of not only the conditions for the development of journalism as a convergent and ubiquitous digitalization of content, but also as a tool for social interaction. Using the example of modern media as a mediator of communicative and cultural memory, the most important indicators of the development of modern Russian society based on civilizational humanistic traditions are identified and systematized. By using the sociological data obtained by the authors of this monograph, as well as studying the practices of identifying representatives of the “analog” and “digital” generations of the mass audience, it is possible to capture significant elements of the process of mediatization. Particular attention is paid to intergenerational communication based on discursive texts and modeling of media activities. The monograph is of interest to philologists, media researchers, specialists in the field of related humanitarian disciplines, and will also be useful to practicing journalists, graduate students, and students of creative specialties.
Suicide in the elderly: approach to social determinants of health in the Dahlgren and Whitehead model
Authors: Carvalho Mariana Lustosa de , Costa Ana Paula Cardoso , Monteiro Claudete Ferreira de Souza , Figueiredo Maria do Livramento Fortes , Avelino Fernanda Valéria Silva Dantas , Rocha Silvana Santiago da
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACT Objective: Identify in literature the social determinants of health related to suicide in the elderly, according to the model proposed by Dahlgren and Whitehead. Method: Integrative review of articles indexed in the databases BDENF, CINAHL, LILACS, and MEDLINE, with the following main descriptors: aged, suicide, social determinants of health, and risk factors. Primary studies were included which addressed social determinants of health and suicide in the elderly. Results: From the 19 articles analyzed, three categories emerged: proximal social determinants of health (male gender, mental disorders, physical illnesses, white race, 70-74 years old); intermediate social determinants of health (substance abuse, use of alcohol or psychotropic drugs, marital status, marital, social, and family problems, violence, previous suicide attempt, history of admission to psychiatric service); and distal social determinants of health (schooling, economic issues, sanitation, stressful events). Conclusion: Proximal determinants have more effects on suicide. Intermediate determinants are composed mainly of changeable factors. Distal determinants showed lesser associations.
Transitional care to caregivers of dependent older people: an integrative literature review
Authors: Ferreira Bruna Alexandra da Silva , Gomes Thawanna Jeremias Barbosa , Baixinho Cristina Rosa Soares Lavareda , Ferreira Óscar Manuel Ramos
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACT Objective: To identify the needs of caregivers of dependent older people related to self-care in the transition from hospital to home. Methods: Integrative literature review that followed a predefined protocol, carried out from March to May 2019 in the platforms EBSCO, B-On, Scopus, Web of Science, and Joanna Briggs Institute. Descriptors and eligibility criteria were defined for the bibliographic sample, which was ten articles. The search was limited to articles published between 2015 and 2019 to guarantee evidence topicality. Results: The needs of caregivers related to transitional care can be grouped into five categories: needs in the transition into the role of caregiver; needs related to self-care of caregivers themselves; health needs; economic needs; and social and collective needs. Final considerations: The work developed by nurses regarding transitional care of caregivers must have two focuses: managing care provided to dependent older people and managing the needs of caregivers and the care offered to them.
Associação entre a prática de atividade física em diferentes domínios e o uso de insulina em adultos e idosos com diabetes no Brasil
Authors: Streb Anne Ribeiro , Leonel Larissa dos Santos , Silva Caroline Soares da , Silva Robert Passos da , Duca Giovani Firpo Del
Published: November 2020

Resumo Objetivou-se verificar a associação entre a prática de atividade física em diferentes domínios e o uso de insulina em adultos e idosos. Trata-se de um estudo transversal de base populacional com dados do inquérito Vigilância de fatores de risco e proteção para doenças crônicas por Inquérito Telefônico (VIGITEL 2013). A amostra foi composta por indivíduos com idade ≥18 anos, residentes nas 27 capitais do Brasil e com diagnóstico de diabetes. A prática de atividade física no deslocamento, domicílio, lazer e trabalho, e o uso de insulina foram por autorrelato. Empregou-se regressão logística binária em análises bruta e ajustada para fatores sociodemográficos. Dos 4.593 indivíduos com diabetes, uso de insulina foi relatado por 16,2% e 25,5% dos adultos e idosos, respectivamente. A prática de atividade física no domicílio (RO: 0,61; IC95%: 0,40; 0,94) no trabalho (RO: 0,38; IC95%: 0,18; 0,78) estiveram associadas ao menor uso de insulina em idosos. Houve tendência de redução do uso de insulina à medida que se aumentou a quantidade de domínios fisicamente ativos em idosos (p = 0,003). Conclui-se que, em idosos, a atividade física praticada de forma isolada ou de forma acumulada em diferentes domínios teve associação com o menor uso de insulina.
Fragilidade e fatores de risco associados em pacientes com doença renal crônica em hemodiálise
Authors: Gesualdo Gabriela Dutra , Duarte Juliana Gomes , Zazzetta Marisa Silvana , Kusumota Luciana , Orlandi Fabiana de Souza
Published: November 2020

Resumo O objetivo deste artigo é verificar a relação entre fragilidade e os aspectos sociodemográficos e clínicos de pacientes com doença renal crônica em hemodiálise. Estudo transversal, conduzido com 107 participantes. Realizou-se análise descritiva, correlação e regressão logística. Os resultados foram considerados significativos com p-valor ≤ 0,05. A prevalência de fragilidade correspondeu a 47,66%, correlacionou-se negativamente com a cognição (r = -0,30; p-valor = 0,002), funcionalidade para atividades instrumentais de vida diária (r = -0,41; p-valor = 0,000) e com o nível de hematócrito (r = -0,19; p-valor = 0,04). Constatou- se a maior proporção de fragilidade em participantes com maior idade (OR = 1,03; IC95% 1,004-1,069; p = 0,02). Os participantes com doença renal crônica em hemodiálise apresentaram elevados percentuais de fragilidade, associada a maior idade e correlacionada a cognição, funcionalidade para atividades básicas de vida diária e menor nível de hematócrito.
Quando uma imagem não diz tudo: análise do discurso da logomarca da Estratégia Saúde da Família à luz do conceito de família contemporânea
Authors: Fragoso Gilberto Leão
Published: November 2020

Resumo O artigo trata de uma pesquisa exploratória com o objetivo de analisar o discurso da logomarca da Estratégia Saúde da Família (ESF) à luz do conceito de família contemporânea. A análise se deu pela teoria Semiolinguística de Patrick Charaudeau da Escola Francesa do Discurso. O resultado mostrou um quadro discursivo com importantes restrições quanto ao ato de linguagem como o aspecto monologal do processo e um sujeito de fala não institucional constituído pelo agente publicitário contratado pelo Ministério da Saúde. Na análise evidenciou-se uma discrepância entre o conteúdo verbal que mostra a expressão “Saúde da Família” tendendo à abrangência da política implementada pela ESF quando comparado à parte imagética cujos elementos demonstraram o predomínio da família tradicional. Trabalhou-se a relevância de múltiplos contextos como o cultural, o social e o de gênero que influenciam na interpretação de textos mistos. Apontou-se a necessidade de reformulação da marca para torná-la mais abrangente e condizente com os novos formatos de família na contemporaneidade. Sugere-se estudos futuros que explorem, de maneira mais crítica e incisiva, o caráter limitante implícito na visão da logomarca.
Desenvolvimento de competências para Nutrição no contexto de Sistemas Alimentares Sustentáveis
Authors: Jacob Michelle Cristine Medeiros , Araújo Fábio Resende de
Published: November 2020

Resumo A atual discussão sobre os impactos dos sistemas alimentares na saúde humana e ambiental destaca o relevo da formação de profissionais que possam atuar na elaboração de agenda futura que comporte as complexidades da Nutrição em políticas, pesquisas e prestação de serviços relevantes para a comunidade. Neste artigo são apresentadas as conclusões de um evento nacional que reuniu em 2018 especialistas no tema, estudantes e profissionais de Nutrição, empenhados em compreender e sumarizar aspectos da formação que limitam a atuação profissional. Foram identificados requisitos necessários ao desenvolvimento da força de trabalho em Nutrição, incluindo conhecimentos relativos ao tema, conjunto de habilidades técnicas específicas para fazer frente a esse cenário e, por fim, o diálogo necessário com outras disciplinas e áreas de conhecimento. Foram destacadas 10 recomendações relativas à característica do currículo e práticas da categoria profissional que poderão fomentar a construção das competências necessárias. As recomendações podem contribuir para a realização de ações formativas em Nutrição face à crescente necessidade de alinhamento com os problemas atuais de Segurança Alimentar e Nutricional e boa consecução dos Objetivos de Desenvolvimento Sustentável.
Repercussões do Programa Mais Médicos na mídia brasileira após o Impeachment de 2016
Authors: Rios David Ramos da Silva , Silva Susanne Pinheiro Costa e
Published: November 2020

Resumo O Programa Mais Médicos (PMM), lançado em 2013, desencadeou importantes mudanças no setor saúde. Entretanto, diversas alterações em seu funcionamento vêm sendo notadas nos últimos anos em decorrência de uma gama de eventos sociais e políticos. O presente artigo busca identificar e analisar as repercussões da mídia brasileira acerca do PMM após o “impeachment” ocorrido em 2016. Trata-se de um estudo exploratório, que teve o seu “corpus de análise” constituído a partir da identificação, seleção e análise de notícias publicadas em três jornais de grande circulação nacional (Jornal O Globo, Folha de São Paulo e Estadão), no período de Agosto de 2016 a Junho de 2018. Os dados coletados foram analisados por meio do software “Iramuteq”. Os resultados demonstram que os médicos cubanos e temas relacionados à educação médica e à governabilidade do PMM estiveram no cerne das notícias publicadas após o “impeachment”, com os atores sociais defendendo novos posicionamentos. Destarte, apesar da implementação do PMM já estar bem avançada e possuir respaldo popular, mudanças importantes estão sendo feitas e requerem avaliação minuciosa, visando à garantia dos direitos já conquistados.
Marcações não manuais na Língua Brasileira de Sinais utilizada em Maceió: delineamentos de uma comunidade de prática
Authors: Valentim Ana Clara Pereira , Dizeu Liliane Correia Toscano de Brito , Costa Priscila Rufino da Silva
Published: November 2020

RESUMO Esta pesquisa objetivou descrever a variação no parâmetro fonológico de marcações não manuais da Língua Brasileira de Sinais e o pertencimento a uma comunidade de prática a partir dos pressupostos da Sociolinguística variacionista e da terceira onda da sociolinguística. O corpus foi constituído pela gravação da execução do sinal ‘cachorro’ realizada por 16 sujeitos surdos, de ambos os sexos. Os resultados apontam para a existência de variação no parâmetro analisado e o uso de posturas específicas que podem estar associadas à comunidade de prática de professores (em formação ou licenciados).
Propuesta de una taxonomía de los centros de interés en los estudios de disponibilidad léxica
Authors: Díaz Inmaculada Clotilde Santos , Ibáñez Ester Trigo , Oliva Manuel Francisco Romero
Published: November 2020

RESUMEN Los estudios de disponibilidad léxica recopilan, con fines didácticos, unidades léxicas en centros de interés. Se ha destacado el diferente comportamiento de los centros de interés partiendo del número de unidades. Además, se han aportado clasificaciones según otros parámetros relacionados con la estructura interna. Sin embargo, no existe ninguna clasificación aplicada a más de un idioma. Pretendemos proponer una taxonomía a partir de la creación de un índice estructural de los centros de interés. Para ello, demostraremos el diferente comportamiento de los centros de interés tanto en lengua materna (español) como en lengua extranjera (inglés y francés) y estableceremos una medida de valoración de sus características.
Aproximación al ensayo académico como género de formación en Ciencias sociales: el caso de Sociología
Authors: Lizama Margarita Vidal
Published: November 2020

RESUMEN El ensayo académico es uno de los géneros clave en la formación de estudiantes en Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades en la educación superior. Su estudio en español ha sido relativamente limitado, centrándose generalmente en su estructura retórica y dejando de lado tanto descripciones discursivas detalladas como diferencias disciplinares en la escritura del ensayo. Este artículo ofrece una exploración inicial al ‘ensayo académico’ en el marco de las Ciencias Sociales, a partir del análisis de textos escritos por estudiantes de Sociología. Esta descripción tipológica se sustenta en la Lingüística sistémico funcional (LSF) y su propuesta de análisis de género (Martin y Rose 2008; Hood 2010).
Una estrella bien simple
Authors: Aceña Andrés
Published: November 2020

Resumo En este trabajo presentamos el problema de deducir e integrar numéricamente las ecuaciones de equilibrio hidrostático para una estrella con una ecuación de estado politrópica, que es el conocido modelo de Eddington. En particular brindamos los parámetros correspondientes para obtener un modelo del Sol. El tratamiento está orientado a estudiantes de los primeros años de la educación universitaria en física. Se incluye una implementación del algoritmo de integración.
Minifoguete a propelente sólido: aspectos teóricos e propostas experimentais para o ensino de física
Authors: Alves André Luíz , Paneto Anderson Nunes , Littike Kaio Alan , Bento Sérgio Souza , Marchi Carlos Henrique
Published: November 2020

Neste trabalho foi construído um minifoguete a propelente sólido como uma proposta de atividade lúdica, no qual os estudantes podem aprender física, matemática e simulação computacional na prática. Foi realizado toda uma abordagem teórica sobre grandezas físicas que surgem na equação de movimento e termodinâmica do minifoguete. A velocidade de exaustão e a constante de arraste puderam ser determinadas com a equação de altura em função do tempo do minifoguete, utilizando um altímetro digital. Estas grandezas foram comparadas com seus respectivos valores teóricos confrontando experiência e teoria. Na parte de construção, foram mostradas todas as etapas, desde a preparação do combustível até o minifoguete pronto para lançamento em uma base. Aqui o estudante tem a oportunidade de entender o funcionamento de um foguete real a propelente sólido, visto que a diferença deste para um minifoguete é apenas a escala.
Scientific production in oncological palliative care with emphasis in communication
Authors: Souza Fernando André Costa de , Borreli Alfredo , Fernandes Maria Andréa , Costa Solange Fátima Geraldo da , Andrade Cristiani Garrido , Andrade Fernanda Ferreira de
Published: November 2020

SUMMARY Communication is a facilitating tool in palliative care, enabling the development of a therapeutic process based on universal humanistic values, with benefits for the team, cancer patient, and family. This theme is of great importance and highlights the significant contributions to clinical practice in the context of palliative care in oncology with an emphasis on communication.
Prevalence of overweight in adolescents from a Southern Brazilian city according to different anthropometric indexes
Authors: Folmann Augusto Gerhart , Wolf Vaneza Lira Waldow , Roman Everton Paulo , Guerra-Júnior Gil
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACT Objective: To identify the prevalence of overweight in adolescents according to different classification criteria for obesity and somatic maturation stages. Methods: Cross-sectional study in 10 schools in a city from Southern Brazil, with 1715 adolescents. Height, weight, waist circumference, and neck circumference (NC) data were collected. Body Mass Index was classified according to World Health Organization (WHO) and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention criteria, and the waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) was classified according to Brazilian and European cut-off points. Somatic maturation was obtained through the Peak Height Velocity. The prevalence data were compared between sex and stages of somatic maturation; the concordance between different criteria was verified. Results: The prevalence of overweight was high in both sexes; WHO criteria showed that 34.5% of boys and 29.3% of girls were overweight. For the WHtR, the prevalence was 28.4% in boys and 23.7% in girls. NC classified 13.8% of boys and 15.8% of girls as being overweight. The prevalence of overweight was higher in adolescents before complete somatic maturation. Conclusions: The prevalence of overweight was high among adolescents. The boys presented higher frequency of overweight, except if NC was used to classify them. Adolescents before somatic maturation had a higher prevalence of overweight. NC showed a lower ability to track obese adolescents.
DOES DENTAL TRAUMA IN EARLY CHILDHOOD HAVE THE POTENTIAL TO AFFECT THE QUALITY OF LIFE OF CHILDREN AND FAMILIES?
Authors: Carneiro Diego Patrik Alves , Santos Patricia Rafaela dos , Valdrighi Heloísa Cristina , Meneghim Marcelo de Castro , Vedovello Silvia Amélia Scudeler
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the influence of dental trauma on oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) of children and their families. Methods: A total of 571 children aged five years were randomly selected at public schools. Trauma was clinically evaluated in accordance with the Andreasen classification. Caries experience in the anterior region and increased overjet were determined according to the World Health Organization criteria. The Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scale (ECOHIS) was answered by the parents and used to evaluate OHRQoL. In addition, this questionnaire has aspects related to socioeconomic status. Simple logistic regression was performed, and the raw Odds Ratios with the respective 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) were estimated. The variables with p<0.20 were tested in multiple logistic regression models, and those with p≤0.05 remained in the model and the adjusted odds ratio with respective 95%CI was estimated. Results: Income showed a magnitude of association of 1.56 and 2.70 with the OHRQoL of children and families, respectively. The avulsion variable showed 9.65- and 8.25-times greater chance of influencing the OHRQoL of children and families, respectively. The experience of caries showed 3.80- and 2.42-times greater chance of influencing the OHRQoL of children and families, respectively. Conclusions: Dental trauma did not influence OHRQoL of children and their families negatively. However, avulsion and caries experience in low-income families was associated with a negative perception of OHRQoL.
CONCENTRAÇÃO ACIONÁRIA, CONSELHO DE ADMINISTRAÇÃO E REMUNERAÇÃO DE EXECUTIVOS
Authors: FREITAS MARIA RAFAELA DE OLIVEIRA , PEREIRA GUSTAVO MAGNO , VASCONCELOS ALESSANDRA CARVALHO DE , LUCA MÁRCIA MARTINS MENDES DE
Published: November 2020

RESUMO A investigação da influência da concentração acionária e da estrutura do conselho de administração no nível de remuneração de executivos permite esclarecer a dinâmica dos conflitos de agência presentes na empresa brasileira. Os resultados dessa investigação, em 232 empresas listadas na B3, no período 2014-2016, apontam que a concentração acionária influencia negativamente o nível de remuneração executiva, coerentemente com a Teoria da Agência. Ademais, características da estrutura do conselho de administração têm repercussão sobre a remuneração executiva, além do que algumas dessas características afetam a sensibilidade da remuneração à concentração acionária, que, contrariamente à Abordagem do Poder Gerencial, evidencia o predomínio do conflito principal-principal no Brasil.
COVID-19: estudo seccional de casos suspeitos internados em um hospital federal do Rio de Janeiro e fatores associados ao óbito hospitalar
Authors: Escosteguy Claudia Caminha , Eleuterio Tatiana de Araujo , Pereira Alessandra Gonçalves Lisbôa , Marques Marcio Renan Vinícius Espínola , Brandão Amanda Dantas , Batista Juliana Paranhos Moreno
Published: November 2020

Objetivo: Descrever o perfil clínico-epidemiológico dos casos suspeitos de COVID-19 internados em hospital federal do Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil, e identificar fatores associados ao óbito. Métodos: Estudo seccional, utilizando dados da vigilância epidemiológica local até a semana epidemiológica 27 de 2020. Empregou-se regressão logística. Resultados: Foram incluídos 376 casos internados suspeitos de COVID-19, dos quais 52,9% eram mulheres, 57,4% tinham 50 anos ou mais de idade e 80,1% exibiam comorbidades. Foram confirmados para COVID-19 195 casos (51,9%), cuja letalidade (37,9%) foi maior, comparada à dos descartados (24,2%). Na análise ajustada, associaram-se ao óbito, nos casos confirmados, ter 50 a 69 (OR=11,65 – IC95% 1,69;80,33) e 70 ou mais anos (OR=8,43 – IC95% 1,22;58,14), apresentar neoplasia (OR=4,34 – IC95% 1,28;14,76) e usar suporte ventilatório invasivo (OR=70,20 – IC95% 19,09;258,19). Conclusão: Houve elevada prevalência de comorbidades e letalidade; os principais fatores associados ao óbito foram idade, presença de neoplasia e suporte ventilatório invasivo.
Variaciones espacio-temporales de la mortalidad por COVID-19 en barrios de la Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
Authors: Leveau Carlos Marcelo
Published: November 2020

INTRODUCCIÓN: El objetivo del presente estudio es describir las variaciones espacio-temporales de la mortalidad por COVID-19 al interior de la Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires (CABA). MÉTODOS: Se utilizaron datos referidos al día, mes y año, y el lugar de residencia de las personas fallecidas por COVID-19 en la CABA desde el 3 de marzo al 3 de octubre de 2020. Las unidades espaciales fueron los 48 barrios que componen la CABA y se analizaron dos poblaciones (menores de 60 años y a partir de esta edad o mayores). Se emplearon técnicas de escaneo espacio-temporal para detectar conglomerados de mortalidad alta y baja. Se comparó el porcentaje de hogares con Necesidades Básicas Insatisfechas (NBI), como medida de pobreza estructural, entre los barrios pertenecientes a conglomerados de mortalidad alta y los barrios pertenecientes a conglomerados de mortalidad baja. RESULTADOS: Los conglomerados de mortalidad alta se localizaron mayormente en la mitad sur de la CABA, mientras que los conglomerados de mortalidad baja lo hicieron en el oeste y norte de la ciudad. Los barrios de conglomerados de mortalidad alta mostraron mayores porcentajes de hogares con NBI en comparación a los barrios pertenecientes a conglomerados de mortalidad baja. DISCUSIÓN: Este estudio encontró desigualdades socio-espaciales de la mortalidad por COVID-19 entre barrios de la CABA, reflejando una brecha socioeconómica norte-sur persistente desde hace varias décadas.