bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
La pobreza como asunto social en las homilías de Agustín
Authors: Dunn Geoffrey D. , Eguiarte Enrique ,   Order of Augustinian Recollects
Published: April 2022

In his sermones ad populum, Augustine seems to provide us with very little concrete information about the social realities of wealth and poverty. This article aims at examining that information in order to comment on how important the social issue of poverty was to Augustine.
Lectura del comentario de Pelagio a la carta de Pablo a los Romanos
Authors: Dupont Anthony , Eguiarte Enrique ,   Order of Augustinian Recollects
Published: April 2022

In the first part of this article, with the help of several elements of Pelagius’ commentary on the Romans, the author checks whether and in which degree Pelagius is a moralist and/or an theologian. The second part of the article, focuses on the theology of Pelagius’ commentary on the Romans, trying to answer the question: can we establish orthodoxy or not? The article is restricted to the early Pelagius: the Pelagius, before the controversy that made him notorious in western theology.
Quomodo gladiatores quasi destinati ad ferrum
Authors: Eguiarte Enrique A. ,   Order of Augustinian Recollects
Published: April 2022

The article deals with the presentation that Augustine makes in his works of the events that were presented in the amphitheater, underlining the people that went to those events and Augustine’s idea of them. It also presents the figure of the gladiators, what do they represent for Augustine, and how he uses this figure for a cathequetical purpose within his sermons.
La evolución de la teología donatista como reacción al entorno cambiante en la antigüedad tardía
Authors: Gaumer Matthew Alan , Anoz José ,   Order of Augustinian Recollects
Published: April 2022

The article presents the historical foundations of Donatism. It examines the beginnings of Donatist Christianity, especially during the Great Persecution of 303-305 and more formally in 311/12 with the election of Caecilian. It also highlights the interaction between Donatist partisans and Constantine and his successors, illustrating the events surrounding the reign of Emperor Julian and the innovations that Donatism engendered in the closing decades of the fourth century, with particular attention given to the role of the Circumcellion movement and the militant regime of Gildo. Finally, it reports the developments that occurred in the opening decades of the fifth century which involved Augustine of Hippo and the joint-effort of Roman Catholic and Roman Imperial authorities to suppress the Donatist Church.
La influencia de Agustín de Hipona en el desarrollo de la teoría cristiana de la guerra justa
Authors: Messina Patrick A. , de Paulo Craig J. N. , Eguiarte Enrique ,   Order of Augustinian Recollects
Published: April 2022

The article deals with Augustine’s Just War theory, considering him as the founder of Just War theory because he was the first to articulate the perennial criteria within the framework of the Christian ethos of love and equality as human beings made in the image and likeness of the Creator. It deals also with Augustine’s influence in the development of the Just War theory.
El bautismo de la retórica. Aportaciones de san Agustín a la configuración de la educación cristiana
Authors: García González José Manuel ,   Order of Augustinian Recollects
Published: April 2022

The article deals with the way in which Augustine makes a Christian use of the teachings of the Rhetorics, focusing in three aspects: the demoralization of Rhetorics, the way of reusing the modus inveniendi, and its application to the modus proferendi.
Morphological characteristics of the baby’s breath (Gypsophila Paniculata L.) submitted to different organic compounds
Authors: Lacerda Sara Moreno Pereira , Silva Joseane Oliveira da , Oliveira Jacson Tavares de , Silva Thamires Oliveira da , Rocha Felizardo Adenilson , Sousa Lucas Farias de
Published: April 2022

The baby's breath (Gypsophila paniculata L.) is a plant used to compose floral arrangements. The objective of this work was to evaluate the efficiency of the use of Humoativo and Bovine Manure in the morphological characterization of the baby's breath. The experiment was carried out in the vegetation house at the Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Bahia - IFBA - Campus of Vitória da Conquista, Bahia. Different proportions of Bovine Manure - BM and Humoativo - HA were used, constituting the following treatments: T1: 0% BM and 0% HA; T2: 25% BM and 75% HA; T3: 50% BM and 50% BM; T4: 75% BM and 25% HA; T5: 100% BM and 0% HA; T6: 0% BM and 100% HA. The design was completely randomized (DCR), with four replications, totaling 24 experimental units. After transplanting, Plant Height, Number of Flower Stems, Height of Flower Stem, Number of Primary Branches of the Flower Stem, and Flower Diameter were evaluated. The fresh and dry weight of the plant was also checked. Data were subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by the mean test (Tukey 5%) using the statistical program SAEG - Statistical Analysis System (GOMES, 1992). The use of BM and HA favored the accumulation of fresh weight of the flower, stem, root, and total fresh weight. The same occurs for dry weight. All analyzed variables increased with the doses of EB and HA.
Banco de sementes do solo em área de recuperação com histórico agropecuário
Authors: Turmina Eliana , Zangalli Charline , Farias Klerysson Julio , Kanieski Maria Raquel
Published: April 2022

Este estudo teve por objetivo avaliar o banco de sementes do solo com e sem a presença da serapilheira superficial em dois picos altitudinais, em área em processo de recuperação, com histórico de uso e manejo agrícola, após dois anos do processo de recuperação do local. Entre o fim de 2014 e início de 2015 foram realizadas as primeiras atividades para a recuperação do local, como o cercamento da área e o efetivo plantio de mudas nativas. Em 2016, foram coletadas aleatoriamente 20 amostras de solo, distribuídas em quatro tratamentos (T1: ponto mais alto da área com a serapilheira superficial; T2: ponto mais alto da área sem a serapilheira superficial; T3: ponto mais baixo da área com a serapilheira superficial; T4: ponto mais baixo da área sem a serapilheira superficial), para avaliação do banco de sementes do solo, com avaliação mensal durante 6 meses. No banco de sementes do solo foram contabilizadas 40 espécies distribuídas em 33 gêneros e 13 famílias. A quantidade de sementes germinadas apresentou normalidade (Kolmogoro-Smirnov) e homogeneidade (Bartlett), sendo que esta apresentou diferença estatística entre os tratamentos pelo teste de Duncan (p<0,05). O T1 apresentou a maior quantidade de sementes germinadas (567 indivíduos), porém não diferindo estatisticamente dos tratamentos T2 e T3. Já T4 apresentou a menor quantidade de indivíduo germinado (293 indivíduos) e a menor riqueza (23 espécies), onde também não diferiu estatisticamente dos tratamentos T2 e T3. A diversidade de Shannon diferiu pelo teste t de Hutcheson (p<0,05), com destaque para os tratamentos com serapilheira. Os valores de riqueza, quantidade de indivíduos germinados e diversidade sofreram influência do histórico da área. Este estudo evidencia a importância da avaliação do banco de sementes do solo, como um fator decisivo para a auto recuperação de áreas degradadas ou em processo de recuperação.
Aplicabilidade de modelos de probabilidades a eventos diários das chuvas intensas no estado do Rio de Janeiro
Authors: Muniz Fabiana Miranda , Ferreira Mayara Gabriela Lourenço , Silva Pablo Christian de Moro , Oliveira Alisson Souza de , Marques Rosângela Francisca de Paula Vitor , Freitas Aurivan Soares de , Santos Claudiomir da Silva , Barbosa Ronei Aparecido
Published: April 2022

A ocorrência de eventos extremos de precipitação no Estado do Rio de Janeiro, reforçam a importância de estudos relacionados a estes acontecimentos, principalmente quando se pensa no dimensionamento de obras hidráulicas. Neste sentido, foram ajustadas as distribuições de probabilidades Normal (N), Log-Normal a 2 parâmetros (LN) e Gumbel para Máximos (GM), aos dados de precipitação máxima diária anual de 6 estações distribuídas ao longo do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, totalizando 28 anos de dados. Os dados foram obtidos junto à Rede Nacional de Observações Meteorológicas de Superfície do Instituto Nacional de Meteorologia (INMET). Após o ajuste, foram estimadas as precipitações máximas diárias para diferentes tempos de retorno. A aderência das distribuições foi avaliada pelo Teste de Qui-Quadrado. Os resultados mostraram que todas as distribuições foram adequadas. A distribuição GM foi a que melhor se ajustou em todas as estações, com exceção das estações Avelar e Itaperuna, onde a melhor distribuição foi a LN. Os maiores volumes de precipitação máxima diária estimados aconteceram nas estações de Avelar, Resende e Rio de Janeiro, cujos valores são superiores à 200 mm para um tempo de retorno de 500 anos, evidenciando a potencialidade de tragédias relacionadas a eventos extremos de precipitação nestas regiões. As menores precipitações máximas diárias ocorreram nas estações de Campos e Cordeiro, com valores entre 130,70 mm e 199,17 mm, para tempos retorno de 25 e 500 anos, respectivamente, na estação de Itaperuna, para os mesmos tempos de retorno, a precipitação máxima diária variou entre 114 mm a 148 mm.
Potencial citotóxico, genotóxico e mutagênico de águas subterrâneas localizadas no Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil
Authors: Merey Felipe Mendes , Melo Milena Perez de , Crispim Bruno do Amaral , Francisco Luiza Flávia Veiga , Viana Lucilene Finoto , Maran Nayara Halimy , Oliveira Kelly Mari Pires de , Barufatti Alexeia
Published: April 2022

O acesso a água subterrânea ocorre principalmente por meio da perfuração de poços, sendo estes denominados cacimba ou tubulares. Estudos na literatura indicam que características relacionadas ao tipo e a profundidade de poços podem implicar na qualidade da água subterrânea. Nesse sentido, o objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar se o tipo e profundidade de poços influenciam nos efeitos citotóxicos, genotóxicos e mutagênicos de águas subterrâneas em células meristemáticas de Allium cepa. Dessa maneira, sementes de A. cepa foram submetidas a bioensaios com águas provenientes de 63 poços com diferentes tipos (cacimba e tubular) e profundidades (<5 até >15 m). Para avaliação dos efeitos citotóxicos foram calculados os Índice de Morte Celular (IMC) e Índice Mitótico (IM), e, para os genotóxicos e mutagênicos foram calculados o Índice de Alterações Cromossômicas (IAC) e o Índice de Mutagenicidade (IMT), respectivamente. Em relação ao tipo dos poços, foi observado efeito citotóxico para o parâmetro IM (p=0,02) para água proveniente de poço cacimba quando comparado com o tubular. Entretanto não foi observado efeito genotóxico quando os dois tipos foram comparados. É relevante destacar que a água oriunda de poços do tipo tubular induziu maior mutagenicidade (p=0,01) quando comparada aos poços cacimbas. Para a profundidade dos poços foi observado aumento de micronúcleos diretamente proporcional ao aumento da profundidade, sendo observada diferença significativa para os poços com >15 m. Dessa maneira, foi possível concluir que a água proveniente de poços cacimbas apresentou maior citoxicidade e a de poços tubulares e mais profundos (>15 m) apresentou maior mutagenicidade em células meristemáticas de A. cepa.
Atividade microbiana e carbono orgânico do solo em agroecossistemas sob diferentes manejos no semiárido paraibano
Authors: Lambais Érica Olandini , Nascimento Mateus Manassés Bezerra , Macedo Rodrigo Santana , Souza Renato Francisco da Silva , Souza Simão Lindoso de , Sousa Cristiano dos Santos , Lambais George Rodrigues , Bakker Alexandre Pereira de
Published: April 2022

Agroecossistemas familiares (AF) no semiárido brasileiro apresentam elevada vulnerabilidade às mudanças climáticas e aos déficits hídricos regionais, o que torna necessário a adoção de estratégias adaptativas pelos agricultores, incluindo práticas de manejos sustentáveis. O objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar os impactos das práticas de manejo adotadas em agroecossistemas através de indicadores microbiológicos da qualidade do solo. Foram avaliados os sistemas de Caatinga sob pastejo (CP), monocultivo de palma forrageira (SM) e silviagrícola (SA) em AF nos municípios de Queimadas e Boqueirão, semiárido paraibano. Em amostras de solo, coletadas na camada superficial (0-20 cm), foram quantificados o carbono da biomassa microbiana (CBM), respiração basal do solo (RBS), quociente metabólico (qCO2), esporos de fungos micorrízicos arbusculares (FMA), proteína do solo relacionada a glomalina (PSRG) nas frações facilmente extraível (PSRG-FE) e total (PSRG-T), e o carbono orgânico total (COT). O SA em Boqueirão (10 anos) aumentou a biomassa microbiana do solo, a qual também se mostrou mais eficiente através da menor taxa de qCO2, enquanto a maior quantidade de esporos de FMA foi encontrada no SA (5 anos) de Queimadas. Os sistemas com cultivo de palma forrageira (SM e SA) foram responsáveis pelas maiores concentrações de glomalina, resultando em condições mais favoráveis à adsorção de nutrientes e agregação dos solos. Os maiores teores de COT encontrados no SA de ambos os agroecossistemas, indicam maior estabilização e sequestro de carbono nesses sistemas. Os atributos microbiológicos avaliados foram eficientes indicadores de alterações no solo em função das práticas de manejos.
Análise integrada da eficiência da microdrenagem e evolução do uso do solo em área urbana
Authors: Nicolau Ricardo de Faria , Faria Karla Maria Silva de , Momoli Renata Santos
Published: April 2022

No planejamento, gestão e gerenciamento da expansão urbana, a evolução da ocupação do solo e da eficiência dos sistemas de drenagem urbana, devem ser considerados para evitar eventos de inundação, alagamentos e surgimento de processos erosivos. Considerando isso, o objetivo deste trabalho foi o de avaliar a relação espacial da eficiência e condição da microdrenagem e espaço-temporal do uso e cobertura das terras, com o surgimento e localização dos processos erosivos na área do Jardim Botânico em Goiânia (GO), definindo uma metodologia prática e inovadora no contexto da literatura, para a avaliação in loco dos elementos que constituem a microdrenagem e sistema de classificação e espacialização, segundo sua conservação e eficiência: Satisfatória, ruim ou péssima. Os locais mais degradados da microdrenagem foram relacionados espacialmente com as regiões com maiores alterações de impermeabilização do mapeamento do uso e cobertura das terras de 1964 a 2016, elaborados com imagens aéreas e de satélite. Os resultados indicam que as origens dos focos erosivos estão relacionadas às primeiras e mais rápidas alterações de impermeabilização que datam de 1975, 1988 e 1992, totalizando 25% da área de estudo. A região leste das áreas II e III apresentou rápida impermeabilização e maior densidade de pontos da condição péssima da microdrenagem, próximo às voçorocas e ravinas. Portanto, diante das análises dos resultados, conclui-se que existe relação espacial entre as variáveis da microdrenagem, uso e ocupação do solo e focos erosivos.
Análise bibliométrica da produção científica no Brasil sobre problemas em orçamentos de obras públicas
Authors: Góes Matheus Barreto de , Silva Cintia Ferreira da , D'Angelo Aldo César Andrade , Guimarães Irce Fernandes Gomes
Published: April 2022

No cenário da construção civil no Brasil, em especial nas Obras Públicas, é muito comum, a frequente inexatidão apresentada em planilhas orçamentárias de utilizadas como referências no processo de licitação das obras. Diversas são as razões possíveis para que planilhas, contendo tais erros, impactem diretamente no orçamento previsto, que vão desde as especificações inadequadas na fase de projeto, quantificação errada, custos unitários incompatíveis com o mercado local, composições incompletas, etc. Devido a estes fatos este estudo tem como objetivo principal analisar a produção científica brasileira nos últimos dez anos a respeito de orçamentos para as Obras Públicas. A análise dos dados referentes à produção científica por meio da bibliometria pode demonstrar o quanto esses estudos contribuem para o setor público. Serão analisados os dados a partir de publicações encontradas na base do Google Acadêmico. Foram utilizados parâmetros para busca tais como “erros” “Planilha” “Obras Públicas e “BIM”. Os resultados obtidos permitiram demonstrar que ainda é tímido o desenvolvimento de estudos científicos voltados aos problemas relacionados a erros de planilhas orçamentárias direcionadas às Obras Públicas envolvendo o método BIM. Mas que vem crescendo nos últimos anos, sendo um indicador de um assunto com potencial a ser explorado em estudos futuros.
Análise por geoprocessamento da pressão, estado e resposta populacional: zona costeira região de Barra de São Miguel, Alagoas, Brasil
Authors: Barreto Jéssyca Maria Torres Pessanha , Almeida Josimar Ribeiro de
Published: April 2022

Segundo informações do MMA - Ministério do Meio Ambiente (2005), uma grande quantidade da população vive em zonas costeiras havendo a possibilidade do aumento da concentração demográfica nessas regiões. Trata – se de uma região sensível onde a qualidade ambiental, valor paisagístico e diversidade biológica estão sujeitas a pressões urbanas e industriais podendo resultar no desequilíbrio dos habitats naturais. Este estudo apresenta o modelo PER – Pressão, Estado e Resposta, aplicado aos ativos ambientais existentes na zona costeira da Região de Barra de São Miguel (RBSM), localizado no estado de Alagoas, demonstrando a atualização, análise e identificação desses ativos ambientais e de que forma ocorre a pressão socioambiental presente na área. Para tal, buscou-se comparar dados populacionais e de infraestrutura em estudo no portal site do IBGE e MMA, evidenciando os resultados e justificativas através da ferramenta de Geoprocessamento, apontando suas modificações durante o período analisado. O referido trabalho definiu as pressões sofridas na região e apontou que o aumento contínuo da população, tal como a presença de instalações pode resultar em maiores consequências de impacto na área, uma vez que, o acesso a condições básicas de higiene e saúde é preocupante. O ambiente é relatado como área prioritária para conservação da biodiversidade e Região Nordeste da Mata Atlântica, identificando unidades de conservação com importância biológica alta.
Avaliação de impactos ambientais em estação de tratamento de efluentes da indústria de bebidas
Authors: Lelachêr Carolina Dias , Almeida Josimar Ribeiro de
Published: April 2022

Ao longo dos anos, os corpos hídricos vêm sofrendo constantemente com os impactos do crescimento populacional desordenado, com as mudanças climáticas e com as demandas dos setores produtivos. Portanto, torna-se essencial a busca por soluções tecnológicas que visem manter a qualidade ambiental dos recursos hídricos, dada a extrema importância que a água possui na vida no planeta Terra. Visando mitigar impactos ambientais negativos, a Avaliação de Impactos Ambientais (AIA), apresenta-se como uma estratégia eficiente, haja vista a sua versatilidade e relevância. Neste sentido, o presente trabalho partiu da pesquisa documental do artigo “Tratamento de Efluentes da Indústria de Bebidas em Reator Anaeróbio e Circulação Interna (IC)” (SANTOS et al., 2013), objetivando o desenvolvimento de uma Matriz de Impactos Ambientais de acordo com (BARBOSA et al., 2008), culminando na análise dos impactos apresentados a luz da Resolução CONAMA 001/86. Constatou-se que o meio físico foi o mais impactado pelas atividades relatadas no artigo em questão, sendo proposta a implantação de Planos e Programas Ambientais, como forma de mitigar os impactos ambientais levantados. Ao longo dos anos, os corpos hídricos vêm sofrendo constantemente com os impactos do crescimento populacional desordenado, com as mudanças climáticas e com as demandas dos setores produtivos. Portanto, torna-se essencial a busca por soluções tecnológicas que visem manter a qualidade ambiental dos recursos hídricos, dada a extrema importância que a água possui na vida no planeta Terra. Visando mitigar impactos ambientais negativos, a Avaliação de Impactos Ambientais (AIA), apresenta-se como uma estratégia eficiente, haja vista a sua versatilidade e relevância. Neste sentido, o presente trabalho partiu da pesquisa documental do artigo “Tratamento de Efluentes da Indústria de Bebidas em Reator Anaeróbio e Circulação Interna (IC)” (SANTOS et al., 2013), objetivando o desenvolvimento de uma Matriz de Impactos Ambientais de acordo com (BARBOSA et al., 2008), culminando na análise dos impactos apresentados a luz da Resolução CONAMA 001/86. Constatou-se que o meio físico foi o mais impactado pelas atividades relatadas no artigo em questão, sendo proposta a implantação de Planos e Programas Ambientais, como forma de mitigar os impactos ambientais levantados.
Simulação de Monte Carlo, aplicada ao gerenciamento de riscos de projetos, com Crystal Ball®
Authors: Tenreiro João Paulo Durão Maldonado
Published: April 2022

Este trabalho tem como objetivo apresentar os resultados da utilização da análise da simulação de Monte Carlo no gerenciamento de riscos de projetos no que tange a administração dos riscos nos tempos das atividades previstas em seu escopo. Para tanto, foi utilizada a ferramenta Crystal Ball® que utiliza a simulação de Monte Carlo, baseada em planilhas eletrônicas, para a realização das simulações, previsões e otimizações com o objetivo de auxiliar na tomada de decisão. O estudo possibilita verificar as probabilidades de ocorrência dos valores calculados pela técnica PERT para estimativas de duração de um projeto genérico de implantação de software.
Propriedades mecânicas de compósitos de fibras naturais e gesso
Authors: Cardoso Jenifer Tejada , Evangelista Maria Clara Cavalcante Pinto , Ferreira Rafaella Cristina da Silva , Souza Thales Ferreira de
Published: April 2022

O gesso é um material amplamente utilizado na construção civil devido ao seu excelente desempenho, facilidade de aplicação e resistência ao fogo. No entanto, apesar de todas as vantagens, o gesso possui algumas desvantagens devido à sua fragilidade e baixa resistência mecânica. Nos últimos anos, diversas pesquisas foram realizadas a fim de corrigir as deficiências que esse material apresenta por meio da adição de fibras naturais, fibras sintéticas e partículas minerais na matriz de gesso. Nesse âmbito, as fibras naturais merecem destaque, pois apresentam baixo custo, são abundantes, renováveis e permitem a reutilização de resíduos gerados em diferentes setores da produção. Dessa forma, o presente estudo realizou uma revisão sistemática dos artigos publicados nos últimos cinco anos, pela editora Elsevier, sobre compósitos de fibras naturais e gesso. Nesse contexto, esta pesquisa restringiu a análise dos efeitos provocados, pela adição de fibras ao gesso, às propriedades mecânicas avaliadas nos artigos selecionados. As fibras mencionadas neste estudo foram as de sisal, cânhamo, erva marinha Possidonia oceânica, lignina, palha de linho, lã de ovelha e coco. Constatou-se na presente revisão que, em geral, a adição de fibras naturais ao gesso resultou em melhora nas propriedades mecânicas dos compósitos analisados na literatura. Desse modo, a utilização de fibras naturais como materiais de reforço na matriz de gesso mostra-se favorável economicamente, devido ao baixo custo e a abundância desses materiais, mas também se apresenta sustentável devido tanto ao reaproveitamento desses resíduos, quanto a serem provenientes de fontes renováveis, beneficiando, assim, a sociedade e o meio ambiente.
Dois Tempos, Periférica Agenda
Authors: Miguel Marcelo Calderari
Published: April 2022

A poesia, ou texto lírico, é uma das sete artes tradicionais, pela qual a linguagem humana é utilizada com fins estéticos ou críticos, ou seja, ela retrata uma mensagem.
Improving enterprise patching for general IT systems :
Authors: Diamond Tyler , Kerman Alper , Souppaya Murugiah , Stine Kevin , Johnson Brian , Peloquin Chris , Ruffin Vanessa , Simos Mark , Sweeney Sean , Scarfone Karen
Published: April 2022

Despite widespread recognition that patching is effective and attackers regularly exploit unpatched software, many organizations do not adequately patch. There are myriad reasons why, not the least of which are that it's resource-intensive and that the act of patching can reduce system and service availability. Also, many organizations struggle to prioritize patches, test patches before deployment, and adhere to policies for how quickly patches are applied in different situations. To address these challenges, the NCCoE is collaborating with cybersecurity technology providers to develop an example solution that addresses these challenges. This NIST Cybersecurity Practice Guide explains how tools can be used to implement the patching and inventory capabilities organizations need to handle both routine and emergency patching situations, as well as implement workarounds, isolation methods, or other alternatives to patching. It also explains recommended security practices for patch management systems themselves.
Continental-scale monthly thermal anomalies in Europe during the years 1951-2018 and their occurrence in relation to atmospheric circulation
Authors: Twardosz Robert , Bielec-Bąkowska Zuzanna
Published: April 2022

This study determines the frequency, location and spatial extent of such large-area monthly thermal anomalies, which are referred to in this paper as continental-scale thermal anomalies (CTAs). The research was based on monthly mean air temperature values from 210 weather stations over the 68-year period 1951-2018. A CTA is defined as an anomaly when the monthly mean temperature exceeded the long-term average by at least 2 standard deviations at a minimum of 40 stations. This study attempts to explain the occurrence of such CTAs (negative CTAs- and positive CTAs+) in relation to the circulation conditions over Europe. In the years 1951-2018, there were 16 CTAs- (mainly in winter and autumn) and 25 CTAs+ (predominantly in summer). One manifestation of climate warming is the ever less frequent occurrence of CTAs- and a growing frequency and spatial extent of CTAs+. The immediate cause behind CTAs was the occurrence of characteristic synoptic situations, leading to intensified advection of cold or hot air masses, often driven by radiation factors. The formation of CTAs- was much more often associated with very extensive and long-lasting anticyclonic systems, and that the associated synoptic situations over Europe lasted much longer than in the case of CTAs+.
Telehealth opportunities for South Africa have been brought into focus by the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors:   Africa Telehealth Collaboration, South Africa, Paruk F , Pillay U ,   Africa Telehealth Collaboration, South Africa, Rech D ,   Africa Telehealth Collaboration, South Africa, Maimela G ,   Africa Telehealth Collaboration, South Africa, Matsebula T ,   Africa Telehealth Collaboration, South Africa, Harris R ,   Africa Telehealth Collaboration, South Africa
Published: April 2022

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THE COMPARISON ANALYSIS OF SOFTWARE FOR MANTEL TEST BETWEEN DNA MARKERS AND MORPHOLOGICAL TRAITS OF PLANT VARIETIES
Authors: PRYSIAZHNIUK Larysa , STARYCHENKO Yevhenii , HRYNIV Svitlana , SHYTIKOVA Yuliia , LESHCHUK Nadiia , MELNYK Serhii , KLIACHENKO Oksana
Published: April 2022

An advanced approach to the assessment of varieties for the determination of their differences both within the DUS test and breeding is a combination of morphological traits and DNA markers. An implementation of this approach includes a correlation assessment between genetic distances matrices. To this end, the Mantel test is applied. The purpose of the study was to identify the main advantages and disadvantages of different software products for the Mantel test based on correlation investigation between DNA markers and morphological traits of lettuce varieties and maize lines. As a result of correlation calculation between 8 SSR markers and 36 morphological traits of 100 maize lines by XLSTAT (software for Microsoft Excel) p-value (probability of obtaining test results) was 0.0005. The value of this indicator obtained by PASSaGE software was 0.034. There was a pvalue of 0.045, which was calculated by GenAlEx 6.5 in Microsoft Excel (MS Excel). A similar result (0.036) was obtained by software environment R. The pvalues, which were calculated between 7 EST-SSR markers and 32 morphological traits for four lettuce varieties by XLSTAT, PASSaGE, GenAlEx, and R, were 0.033, 0.039, 0.038, and 0.035, respectively. In the study, the upper-tailed test served an alternative hypothesis type, the level of significance α was 0.05, the type of correlation was Pearson correlation, and the Monte Carlo method was used for p-value computation. Thus, the obtained p-values allow to reject the null hypothesis (H0) and adopt the alternative hypothesis Ha of correlation (p α). The correlation coefficient for maize lines was 0.05 and for lettuce varieties 0.65. Therefore, XLSTAT and software environment R are the most suitable instruments for correlation assessment between genetic distances.
OENOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND VINIFICATION RESULTS OF THE YEAST OF MALAGOUSIA GRAPE ISOLATED IN GREECE
Authors: KARAMPATEA Aikaterini , TSAKIRIS Argirios , KOURKOUTAS Ioannis
Published: April 2022

Malagousia grapes, selected from 5 different PGI Greek zones, in 3 different growing seasons (2018-2019, 2019-2020, 2020-2021) were collected in the stage of technological maturity. Quantity of 25 Kg grapes fermented spontaneously in 30 l thermo regulated stain steel tanks, produced white wine. The indigenous yeast flora, isolated at three phases of the alcoholic fermentations, was studied. Different yeast species were isolated, purified and characterized. The restriction fragment length polymorphism of PCR-amplified fragments from the rDNA gene cluster (PCR RFLP of rDNA) has been used for the differentiation of yeast species. The standard identification procedure has been performed on representative strains that shared identical RFLP profiles showed great diversity of the yeast population. Including grape berries, must and fermented must, the following yeast species were identified: a number of Pichia and Candida species, Kloeckera apiculata, Cryptococcus curvatus, Metschnikowia pulcherrima, Kluyveromyces, as well as Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Saccharomyces stranieri. We performed microscopic, macroscopic and carbon assimilation tests by API 32C standardized system, biotechnological testing and hydrolase profiling obtained by the API-ZYM system. The most significant findings in population dynamics of yeasts in the spontaneous fermentations were bigger diversity of different species of Non- Saccharomyces in organic grapes and almost complete absence of non-Saccharomyces species, at least at grapes and at the beginning of the alcoholic fermentations at conventionally cultivated grapes, from all the examined PGI zones in all the three years of the study. The use and enhancement of indigenous yeasts is an increasing trend. Rapid identification of the yeast population is necessary for successful monitoring of the fermentation process and for obtaining a good wine quality as well as contributing to the optimization of Greek wine production.
Linguopragmatic features of the coverage of bilingualism in the Quebec media discourse
Authors: Mordvinova Albina Rishatovna
Published: April 2022

The object of the study is the coverage of bilingualism in the French-speaking press of the province of Quebec. The research material was 100 articles of online versions of the newspapers La Presse, Le Journal de Montréal, Le Devoir, the central theme of which is bilingualism and the official languages of Canada. The aim of the study is to identify the linguistic and pragmatic features of the coverage of bilingualism, which actually takes place in the province of Quebec with officially approved monolingualism, in the traditional media of the province. To achieve the purpose of the study, such a method as discourse analysis was applied, 320 units of discursive analysis were allocated (in this study, we consider the part of the article - a sentence, a paragraph, which highlights one aspect of bilingualism (an event related to bilingualism, the implementation of bilingualism in any sphere of public life or attitude to of these, 179 relate exclusively to bilingualism on a provincial scale. As a result of the analysis of the language material, it was revealed that the key topics are the statement of the bilingualism of the social life of the province, primarily its educational system and production process (including the need to speak English for employment), the further development of this trend and the regression of Francophonie due to the greater social significance of the English language and globalization, the struggle with the current linguistic and sociolinguistic the situation and the accusation of government structures and ordinary native speakers, criticism of institutional and individual bilingualism (although the motives for protecting bilingualism as a competitive advantage and criticism of the rejection of bilingualism are presented). The Bonjour/Hi formula is also widely covered (the attitude towards it in the Quebec press is mostly negative), bilingualism in Montreal, presented as a linguistic and ideological betrayal. The economic and legal aspects of bilingualism in the province are poorly reflected in the analyzed material, presumably due to officially approved monolingualism.
Artistic synthesis of epic and dramatic in F. I. Chudakov's essay "Towards the Clouds"
Authors: Lapteva Natal'ya Andreevna
Published: April 2022

The object of research in this article is an essay by Fyodor Ivanovich Chudakov (1888-1918) "Towards the Clouds" (1909); the subject of research is the techniques of theatricalization, which was chosen by the author as a narrative strategy. The internal organization of the work (composition, image system, conflict) is based on dramatic principles, which makes the narrative as visualized as possible, and also brings it closer to the reader, who becomes not only a spectator, but also an accomplice of the events described. Descriptive and structural-semantic methods are used in the work. The methodological basis was the research of E. S. Dobin, N. M. Zavarnitsyna, V. E. Khalizeva. В  The scientific novelty of the research lies in the fact that this essay is being introduced into scientific circulation for the first time. In addition, the novelty is due to the use of an interdisciplinary approach when referring to the prose work of F. I. Chudakov: the analysis of the work is based on the study of linguistic units of various levels. In the course of the study, the following conclusions were obtained: synthesizing the typological features of the epic and dramatic, F. I. Chudakov solves an important aesthetic task вЂ“ considers the inner world of a person through fixing its external manifestations. To solve this problem, the writer uses various theatrical techniques that create the so-called presence effect: situational speech of the characters not commented on by the author; detailing the appearance of the characters, landscape elements; endowing descriptions with sound and coloristic details; inappropriate direct speech (the effect of "first-person cinema").
Ideas about static space in the linguistic picture of the world by V. Tsoi
Authors: Darbanova Nadezhda , Ivanova Irina
Published: April 2022

The purpose of the research in the article is to reconstruct the ideas about static space, represented in the lyrics of the songs of the leader of the rock group "Cinema" V. R. Tsoi. The object of the study was the linguistic means of verbalization of the main spatial fragments of the worldview in the works of V. Tsoi. The methods used in the study are methods of linguistic and cultural analysis, including conceptual, component analysis of the semantics of lexical units. The methodological basis of the study was the scientific developments of domestic schools of logical and conceptual analysis of language. The relevance of the research is determined by the use of modern approaches of linguistic and cultural (conceptual) analysis in identifying the features of individual author's consciousness. The scientific novelty of the research is due to the fact that the concepts of space as a static phenomenon considered in the article are based on the material of V. V.'s songs. Tsoi are insufficiently studied in the scientific literature in the linguoculturological aspect. In the course of the study, the following conclusions were made: V. Tsoi's ideas about static space are concentric: kitchen вЂ“ house вЂ“ city вЂ“ earth вЂ“ space; these spaces are closed, closed, at the same time inextricably linked by the unity of the center and permeable. The opposition of "friend and foe" and the idea of loneliness permeate the ideas of static space in V. Tsoi's linguistic picture of the world. The results of the research can be used in the practice of teaching disciplines related to the problems of linguistic and cultural (conceptual) analysis.
Chronotope modeling in the plug-in genre of K. S. Badigin's novel "The Way to Grumant"
Authors: Shvetsova Tat'yana Vasil'evna , Shakhova Veronika Evgen'evna , Dulova Svetlana Alekseevna , Kuznetsova Tat'yana Aleksandrovna
Published: April 2022

The subject of the study is the category of artistic chronotope. The present study was carried out in the line of literary chronopoetics. Chronopoetics stands out as a separate branch of poetics, a phenomenon to which the methods of temporology are applied. The material for the analysis was the novel "The Way to Grumant", written by one of the marine writers who experienced the catastrophe of ice imprisonment, Konstantin Badigin. The Northern Sea Route is a crossвЂ“cutting theme of the entire work of K. S. Badigin, whose style dominant is the description of the nature and culture of the Russian North, the sea element. The above-mentioned determined the purpose of the study, which consists in explication of the main mechanisms and means of modeling the chronotope in a novel recreating the true event of the island stay of the Grumanlans in the XVIII century, episodes of their struggle with the outside world, a description of their life, trade, interpersonal interaction. The main result of the research is the simulation of the chronotope in the legend of Kirik and Olesha. This plug-in genre is highlighted within the novel "The Way to Grumant" by K.S. Badigin. It is established that in the plugвЂ“in genre, the author creates a special вЂ“ secondary to the real - world, violating the boundaries corresponding to our ideas of plausibility, this is the otherworld. The means at the writer's disposal are suitable for his description. From this point of view, the novel "The Way to Grumant" is being studied for the first time, which determines the novelty of the research undertaken and outlines further prospects in the field of research devoted to the work of K. S. Badigin, and the Pomeranian legend about the "Mezen Robinsons", in particular.
Interface reflection wave of axisymmetric directional spherical-wave
Authors: Duan Yun-Da , Hu Heng-Shan ,   Department of Astronautics and Mechanics, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
Published: April 2022

The sound radiation field of a circular piston source in an infinite plane rigid baffle can be approximated as an axisymmetric directional spherical-wave. The interface response expressions of the axisymmetric directional spherical-wave for the piston parallel with the interface has already been obtained in previous studies. On condition that the distance from the piston center to the interface is much greater than the piston radius, we first derive the conical wave expansion of the axisymmetric directional spherical-wave which is obtained by using the conical wave expansion of the homogeneous spherical-wave and the formula of the axisymmetric directional spherical-wave excited by a circular piston in an rigid infinite plane, and then derive the expression of the interface reflection wave of the axisymmetric directional spherical-wave for the piston non-parallel to the interface. The expression of the interface reflection wave is simplified into a simplified expression by saddle point method on condition that the source distance is much larger than the acoustic wavelength. The simplified expression is not only simple in the calculation, but also clear in the physical meaning. The simplified expression shows that the interface reflection wave of the axisymmetric directional spherical-wave can be regarded as the product of the axisymmetric directional spherical-wave excited by the piston mirror image and the reflection coefficient. The calculations show that when the piston radius is smaller than the acoustic wavelength, the reflected wave is less sensitive to the angle included between the piston and the interface and the azimuth of the receiving point, and the directivity of the reflected wave is weak. When the piston radius is greater than the acoustic wavelength, the reflected wave is very sensitive to the angle included between the piston and the interface and the azimuth of the receiving point, and the directivity of the reflected wave is strong. Increasing the angle included between the piston and the interface, the reflected wave and its directivity both first increase and then decrease. The reflected wave is largest and the directivity of the reflected wave is strongest when the angle included between the piston and the interface is equal to that between the interface normal and the connecting line between the mirror image of the piston center and the receiving point.
A phase-field study on interaction process of moving grain boundary and spinodal decomposition
Authors: Guo Can , Zhao Yu-Ping , Deng Ying-Yuan , Zhang Zhong-Ming , Xu Chun-Jie ,   School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi’an 710048, China
Published: April 2022

The grain boundary-directed spinodal decomposition has a substantial effect on the microstructure and properties of polycrystalline materials. However, due to the fact that the spinodal decomposition is usually too fast to be captured in experiments, our understanding of the grain boundary-directed spinodal decomposition process is still very limited. In this work, we simulate the spinodal decomposition process of a polycrystalline system by the phase-field model, check the influences of the curvature and the atom diffusion constant inside the grain boundary (Mt) on the phase decomposition patterns, and discuss the interaction between the moving grain boundaries and spinodal decomposition. The simulation results indicate that the velocity of spinodal decomposition near the grain boundary is faster, and the spinodal morphology at the grain boundary presents the anisotropic bicontinuous microstructures different from the isotropic continuous microstructures in the bulk phase. Further, we find that the spinodal pattern is parallel to the grain boundaries with larger curvatures, and it will perpendicular to the grain boundaries with smaller curvatures. We also find that the spinodal decomposition velocity increases with the augment of Mt , while the grain boundary migration velocity will first decrease and then increase with the augment of Mt under the effect of spinodal decomposition. Finally, we simulate the spinodal decomposition process of two-grain system in three dimensions, and we obtain the results consistent with the two-dimensional simulations.
Noisy metabolism can promote microbial cross-feeding
Authors: Lopez Jaime G , Wingreen Ned S
Published: April 2022

Cross-feeding, the exchange of nutrients between organisms, is ubiquitous in microbial communities. Despite its importance in natural and engineered microbial systems, our understanding of how inter-species cross-feeding arises is incomplete, with existing theories limited to specific scenarios. Here, we introduce a novel theory for the emergence of such cross-feeding, which we term noise-averaging cooperation (NAC). NAC is based on the idea that, due to their small size, bacteria are prone to noisy regulation of metabolism which limits their growth rate. To compensate, related bacteria can share metabolites with each other to ‘average out’ noise and improve their collective growth. According to the Black Queen Hypothesis, this metabolite sharing among kin, a form of ‘leakage’, then allows for the evolution of metabolic interdependencies among species including de novo speciation via gene deletions. We first characterize NAC in a simple ecological model of cell metabolism, showing that metabolite leakage can in principle substantially increase growth rate in a community context. Next, we develop a generalized framework for estimating the potential benefits of NAC among real bacteria. Using single-cell protein abundance data, we predict that bacteria suffer from substantial noise-driven growth inefficiencies, and may therefore benefit from NAC. We then discuss potential evolutionary pathways for the emergence of NAC. Finally, we review existing evidence for NAC and outline potential experimental approaches to detect NAC in microbial communities.
Reprogramming and redifferentiation of mucosal-associated invariant T cells reveal tumor inhibitory activity
Authors: Sugimoto Chie , Murakami Yukie , Ishii Eisuke , Fujita Hiroyoshi , Wakao Hiroshi
Published: April 2022

Mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells belong to a family of innate-like T cells that bridge innate and adaptive immunities. Although MAIT cells have been implicated in tumor immunity, it currently remains unclear whether they function as tumor-promoting or inhibitory cells. Therefore, we herein used induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) technology to investigate this issue. Murine MAIT cells were reprogrammed into iPSCs and redifferentiated towards MAIT-like cells (m-reMAIT cells). m-reMAIT cells were activated by an agonist in the presence and absence of antigen-presenting cells and MR1-tetramer, a reagent to detect MAIT cells. This activation accompanied protein tyrosine phosphorylation and the production of T helper (Th)1, Th2, and Th17 cytokines and inflammatory chemokines. Upon adoptive transfer, m-reMAIT cells migrated to different organs with maturation in mice. Furthermore, m-reMAIT cells inhibited tumor growth in the lung metastasis model and prolonged mouse survival upon tumor inoculation through the NK cell-mediated reinforcement of cytolytic activity. Collectively, the present results demonstrated the utility and role of m-reMAIT cells in tumor immunity and provide insights into the function of MAIT cells in immunity.