bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Towards New Work Paradigms: Inclusion, Digital, Sustainability, Hybrid Organisations
Authors: Caragnano Roberta
Published: October 2023

This study analyses the impact of pandemic on new work organisation with a focus on digital platforms and infrastructures in companies and organisations. In this context, the relationship between technological change and work is central, to be observed from various points of view and not only in terms of quantity and quality of employment but also in terms of skills, training, industrial relations, collective bargaining, and newly-organising work. The impact on the labour market is important. The company of the future moves in the wake of a new economic model in which there is a newfound responsibility towards the environment and people, both of whom are once again central to the production process. On this point, the role of national and decentralised collective bargaining is central, and can affect the assessment of workers' skills in a twofold direction: On the one hand, the introduction and implementation of remuneration systems, in terms of rewards and incentives, based on a certification of skills and related to the professionalism expressed by the individual employee; On the other, the agreement of direct and structural interventions on the personnel classification system. In this context, the issue of valorising talent is becoming increasingly central also for companies. The organisational change of processes and "era", as illustrated in this work, which redesigns relationships within the company with a view to greater involvement and empowerment of the worker, requires companies to review and rethink well-being as well as corporate benefits. The changes that organisations must prepare, in light of innovation, however, require investments to deal with the reforms envisaged by the National Recovery and Resilience Plan which impact on the economic and social system of Italy. The measures envisaged by the PNRR are urgent and structural and will have to guarantee the implementation and maximise the impact of the planned investments, to encourage the restart of the Italian system, noting that the impacts deriving from the implementation of the measures contained in the Plan have been assessed in terms of GDP up to +3.6% in 2026. In this process, the Competence Centres will always assume a crucial role, becoming protagonists at European level. These are benchmarks of excellence created to carry out guidance, training and innovative projects that can be of help to Italian companies. Keywords: Labour market; Collective bargaining and industrial relations; Gender equality; Inclusion and welfare; Development plans; Transition.
Legal Developments as to "Cyber Grooming" Actions from the Lanzarote Convention to Now
Authors: Duysak Merve
Published: October 2023

According to statistics, internet users have been increasing rapidly, especially since the COVID 19 pandemic. Nowadays, gaming platforms, chat platforms, and video conferencing applications are not only for grownups but for children as well. Minor users, encouraged for educational purposes, are particularly often the target of cybercrimes. One such offense is approaching a child through information and communication technology for sexual purposes, known as cyber-grooming. The act is a solicitation of minors using various techniques. Commonly, the first stage of criminal behaviour is an online conversation between the perpetrator (groomer) and the victim (child). In the second stage of the crime, the perpetrator aims to contact the target physically in person. Even though this is a new type of criminal behaviour, there are already international and national criminalization norms in place to penalize it. The Lanzarote Convention is the first international legal document to refer to these actions as crimes. Aiming to protect children from sexual exploitation and sexual abuse, the Convention sets out some responsibilities to signatory States. Despite being one of the signatories of the Lanzarote Convention, the aforementioned acts are not considered a separate crime in Türkiye. For that reason, this study will first bring examples of criminalization, and then evaluate the situation in Turkish law. This study seeks to make the issue visible and suggests providing measures to prevent the sexual exploitation of minors by taking the necessary legislative steps. Keywords: Cybercrimes; Cyber grooming; Lanzarote Convention; Solicitation of children for sexual purposes; Sexual violence against children.
EVALUATION OF MEDICAL PREVENTION MEASURES USED IN THE CORPORATE SYSTEM FOR OF EMPLOYEE’S HEALTH MAINTAINING EFFECTIVENESS
Authors:   National Research University «Higher School of Economics», Chashchin M.V. , Zelenkina L.N. ,   LLC «Gazprom Neft», Atabekov A.I. ,   FSBEI HE «North-Western State Medical University named I.I. Mechnikov»
Published: October 2023

The development and implementation of new comprehensive preventive approaches to the problem of reducing morbidity and mortality rates from diseases of the circulatory system of workers in the oil and gas complex is an urgent task of modern corporate systems for maintaining the health of workers. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of medical prevention measures, the main component of which was the detection of early forms of cardiovascular diseases using targeted screening examinations. Targeted screening and assessment of cardiovascular risk using the SCORE scale were used as the main research method. The results of the examination of the main observation group showed that 13.7% of the examined had an average cardiovascular risk, 15.9% of the examined had a high cardiovascular risk. In the high-risk group, 42% of the study participants needed high-tech medical care, 18.7% needed an additional specialized examination. A preliminary assessment of the results of targeted scoring showed that such programs have a high potential and can reduce the number of cases of sudden death due to diseases of the circulatory system among workers by 25%.
HEALTHCARE WORKERS NEUROPSYCHIATRIC MALADJUSTMENT ASSESSMENT UNDER COVID‑19 PANDEMIC CONDITIONS
Authors:   FSBEI HE «Russian State Social University», Yakovleva T.P. , Bugaenko E.A. ,   RPO «Trade Union of Healthcare Workers of Moscow», Rubtsov M.Yu. ,   FSBSI «Izmerov Research Institute of Occupational Health»
Published: October 2023

Study aim is to assess the degree of neuropsychiatric adaptation of healthcare workers under COVID‑19 pandemic. Working conditions assessment, occupational risk self-assessment were carried out in four Moscow’ healthcare institutions in 2022, as well adaptive potential according to the questionnaire of neuropsychiatric maladjustment (NPMQ). 68 healthcare workers were divided into 3 groups: 1 — working in «red zone», having had coronavirus (22 people), 2 — not working in «red zone», having had coronavirus (24 people); 3 — not working in «red zone», without coronavirus (22 people). Health care workers working conditions during pandemic corresponds to 3.3 harmful class. Risk of overwork, stress, damage to nervous system 66% of respondents noted as leading risk factor, 16% — the risk of COVID‑19. The average values of NPMQ parameters fell within of norm limits with tendency in group 1 to asthenization (60.2 T-points) and depression (65.1 T-points), and in group 2 — to depression (62.0 T-points) and mental discomfort (63.5 T-points). Asthenic manifestations norm exceeding were noted in 1/3 of groups 1 and 2, depression — in 41.7% of group 1 staff, and mental discomfort — in 46.1% of group 2 staff. The revealed trends of asthenia, depression and mental discomfort manifestation may be associated, first, with high work intensity during pandemic and partly with recurrent coronavirus disease risk.
Resume ke-1 Pandangan Dasar Ekonomi Islam
Authors: Anggita Nadia
Published: October 2023

Pandangan Dasar Ekonomi Islam
Managing Missionary Conflict Constructively
Authors: Dunaetz David Robert
Published: October 2023

When missionaries work closely in team contexts with high levels of interdependence, interpersonal conflict is highly likely. The dual-concern model of conflict management helps conflicting parties to understand what is necessary for constructively resolving conflict when it occurs. Collaboration, which occurs when the interests of both parties are taken into consideration, generally leads to the best outcomes, both on the personal and organizational levels. Sometimes mediation by an outside third party will be necessary for constructive management of conflict. The mediator should be a neutral party, trusted by both missionaries. A good mediator will help each missionary to see the concerns of the other and will help them find a solution together that will address a maximum number of these concerns.
Thách thức của quá trình thiết lập tiêu chuẩn hàng hóa và mậu dịch trên thị trường carbon tự nguyện
Authors: La Viet-Phuong , Nguyen Minh-Hoang
Published: October 2023

Thị trường carbon toàn cầu đã trở thành một yếu tố quan trọng trong cuộc chiến chống biến đổi khí hậu, cung cấp cơ hội cho các chính phủ, doanh nghiệp và tổ chức giảm lượng khí thải khí nhà kính. Tuy nhiên, với sự gia tăng về tầm quan trọng của thị trường carbon, sự phức tạp trong quản lý nó cũng tăng lên. Một trong những thách thức lớn mà thị trường carbon phải đối mặt là sự tồn tại của nhiều tiêu chuẩn đa dạng và đôi khi xung đột với nhau. Mặc dù các tiêu chuẩn này được phát triển để phục vụ các bên liên quan cho mục tiêu khác nhau, nhưng chúng cũng tạo ra sự hỗn loạn, làm giảm hiệu suất và gây ra các vấn đề tiềm ẩn. Bài viết này sẽ xem xét các vấn đề xung quanh sự tồn tại quá nhiều tiêu chuẩn trên thị trường carbon và thảo luận về sự cần thiết của việc hài hòa hóa chúng một cách hợp lý hơn.
How social status matters to inclusive education: communicative exchange among adolescents with hearing loss
Authors: Jepsen Kim Sune Karrasch , Bengtsson Steen
Published: October 2023

Micro-sociology has generally overlooked a decisive yet general condition of human socialization: how disabilities matter. This article introduces a micro-social social status theory among school-aged adolescents with hearing loss. Advanced medical treatment and hearing aids enable inclusive education across societies, but research highlights communication and peer relation challenges, indicating social barriers to inclusion. Social status is not explored much in the hearing loss field. Framing our theory against the backdrop of the biosocial model, social status is a basic evolutionary trait of normative and emotional perception to acknowledge and evaluate each other's worth and standing immediately in the encounter. Our micro-sociological clarification outlines how insider status derives from reciprocal exchange relations of attentiveness within primary reference groups, generating a person-to-group standing of equality. One-way exchange relations generate inequality, pushing towards outsider standing. In line with key insights from medical sociology, we define and explore hearing loss as a disability originating in variable but persistently constraining impairment effects: fatigue, miscommunication, and behavioural withdrawal from peer group exchange. We explore the social standings in a comparative case study of 15 adoelscents with hearing loss partaking general elementary schools and a boarding school. We provide recommendations for inclusive education to succeed.
Helping you helps me: Beneficial effects of regulating others’ emotions on well-being and physiological stress
Authors: Jurkiewicz Olivia , Oveis Christopher
Published: October 2023

Improving others’ emotions is cognitively and emotionally demanding, potentially increasing regulators’ stress levels and decreasing regulators’ well-being. However, the opposite could also occur: Attempts at improving others’ emotions—i.e., affect-improving extrinsic interpersonal emotion regulation (EIER)—could enhance regulators’ affective well-being and shield against physiological stress because we theorize that affect-improving EIER can strengthen relationships, activate self-regulation, and elicit prosocial reward. In two studies, we test the consequences on regulators when they help others regulate their emotions. In Study 1, a 7-day diary study (N = 205; 1434 observations) of significant social interactions, regulators who reported they improved the emotions of others to a greater extent experienced more emotions, both positive and negative, during their interactions. Over the 7 days, they also experienced an increase in positive affect, no change in negative affect, and better affective well-being at the end of the study. In Study 2, a within-subject observational laboratory study (N = 94, 47 dyads, 235 observations), we find that during the minutes when regulators’ displayed greater behaviorally-coded attempts at improving targets’ emotions, regulators also experienced a corresponding buffering of increased physiological stress measured by pre-ejection period (PEP) reactivity. These findings empirically support the role of improving others’ emotions in regulators’ affective well-being over time and the protection against physiological stress when encountering others’ negative emotions. This work also contributes a theoretical framework for understanding why regulating others’ emotions is important for well-being.
Introduction to Organizational Behaviour
Authors: Mutmainna Noor Syawa
Published: October 2023

Perilaku Organisasi adalah kajian tentang apa yang orang pikirkan, rasakan, dan lakukan di dalam dan sekitar organisasi. Kemudian dapat mempengaruhi aktivitas orang tersebut dalam organisasi. Tak jarang orang memiliki aktivitas dan pikiran yang beragam, mereka yang ada di luar organisasi itu akan mempengaruhi aktivitas seseorang baik itu ketika dia berada di dalamorganisasi maupun di sekitar organisasi. Biasanya kita akan mempelajari dulu dengan mengumpulkan informasi yang sebanyak mungkin tentang seseorang, tentang segala orang, atau tentang suatu organisasi agar kemudian kita bisa menentukan kira-kira sikap dan perilaku apa yang harus kita tampilkan, pertunjukkan, dan harus kita tentukan di depan seseorang atau dalam satu organisasi.
Lower-Crustal Normal Faulting and Lithosphere Rheology in the Atlas Foreland
Authors: Wimpenny Sam , Craig Timothy , Blackwell Alice
Published: October 2023

Earthquakes beneath the foreland basins of the Andes and Tibet follow a simple pattern, with normal-faulting events from 0--20 km depth and reverse-faulting events from 30--50 km depth. The switch in faulting style with depth suggests that the elastic stresses generated by flexure within these forelands are large enough to break faults, with opposite senses of horizontal strain either side of a neutral fibre in the mid-crust. In this study, we document a 31 km-deep Mw 5.2 normal-faulting earthquake in the forelands of the Algerian Atlas Mountains near Biskra. The Biskra earthquake is of interest, as it indicates that the lower crust of the Atlas forelands is seismogenic and in extension at the same depth that the Tibetan and Andean forelands are in compression. In order to match the shape of the gravity anomaly and the depth of normal faulting in the Algerian foreland, we find that models of lithospheric flexure require the neutral fibre to be >35 km deep in places and at least the top 5--10 km of the lithospheric mantle supports elastic stresses without yielding. The differences in the depth-extent of normal-faulting earthquakes between the forelands of Tibet, the Andes and the Algerian Atlas can be explained solely by differences in the buoyancy forces acting between these mountain ranges and their lowlands that place the foreland lithosphere into varying amounts of net compression. The upper mantle beneath cratonic foreland lithosphere may therefore support bending stresses of the order of 10's of MPa, likely because it is cool and the strain rates associated with bending are low.
Grapheme–colour synaesthesia yields an ordinary rather than extraordinary memory advantage: Evidence from a group study
Authors: Rothen Nicolas , Meier Beat
Published: October 2023

In synaesthesia, the input of one sensory modality automatically triggers an additional experience, not normally triggered by the input of that modality. Therefore, compared to non-synaesthetes, additional experiences exist and these may be used as retrieval cues when memory is tested. Previous case studies have suggested that synaesthesia may yield even extraordinary memory abilities. However, group studies found either a task-specific memory advantage or no performance advantage at all. The aim of the present study was to test whether grapheme-colour synaesthesia gives rise to a general memory benefit using a standardised memory test (Wechsler Memory Scale). The synaesthetes showed a performance advantage in episodic memory tests, but not in short-term memory tests. However, performance was still within the ordinary range. The results support the hypothesis that synaesthesia provides for a richer world of experience and as a consequence additional retrieval cues may be available and beneficial but not to the point of extraordinary memory ability.
O Ser é o Não Ser é também
Authors: de Melo Baptista Domingues Guilherme
Published: October 2023

A brief introduction to O Ser é o Nao Ser é tambem
Menumbuhkan Budaya Literasi Membaca Dengan Menciptakan Lingkungan Literasi Di Sekolah Dasar Islam Plus YLPI Pekanbaru
Authors: Ruzain Raihanatu Binqalbi , Zulkifli Zulkifli , Zulrafli Zulrafli , Rosyida Rosyida , Salsabila Annisa , Suhada Dede , Rosman Rangga Adhitya
Published: October 2023

The National Literacy Movement (GLN) carried out by the ministry of education and culture in 2016 aims to foster a culture of literacy in the school, home, and community by building reading corners at schools, reading gardens, regional libraries, and the Atmazaki smart house. The community service activities aim to offer and present interesting activities to foster a culture of reading literacy in students by building reading corners, reading programs 15 minutes before formal learning, and educating the importance of literacy. This type of service is descriptive using a qualitative approach. The sample consisted of 51 students of YLPI Plus Islamic Elementary School consisting of 21 female students and 30 male students. Collecting data using interviews, observation, and documentation. The results of the dedication are implementing literacy through the storytelling method, reading for 15 minutes before formal learning, and always taking the time to read in the reading corner. The dedication concludes that students are the criteria for those who like to read and all these activities have been well followed by students.
Comparative analysis of fructosamine and HbA1c as a glycemic control marker in Type 2 diabetes patients in a tertiary care hospital study
Authors: Harshvardhan Patel  , Anuradha N
Published: October 2023

Background: Fructosamine (FA) is a marker of plasma glucose value that reveals the short-term glycemic level for 2–3 weeks. While measuring the plasma glucose level over 2–3 months with glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) is a common practice.
Aims and Objectives: This study aims to demonstrate the relationship between HbA1c and FA levels in Type II diabetes mellitus.
Materials and Methods: This prospective and cross-sectional study was conducted from January 2021 to January 2022, involving Type 2 diabetic patients attending both inpatient and outpatient at Sree Balaji Medical College and Hospital, Chennai. HbA1C, FA, postprandial blood sugar (PPBS), and fasting blood sugar (FBS) were estimated. The collected data were analyzed with IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 23.0. (Armonk, NY: IBM Corp). To assess the relationship between the variables, Pearson’s Correlation was used.
Results: We analyzed 61 known Type 2 diabetic subjects in our study. Most patients were in the 51–60 age groups, with the mean age of the cohorts being 56.2 years, SD±10.1. There were 28 females and 33 in this study. Comparing HbA1c with FA, a statistically significant correlation was noted (P<0.001), with a Pearson correlation value of 0.924. A similar strong positive correlation was also noted between HbA1c and FBS, PPBS, and FA, and PPBS.
Conclusion: The link between FA and HbA1c is highlighted in this study. Since FA’s correlation with HbA1c is proven to be statistically significant, it can be utilized as an alternative to or addition to HbA1c in the assessment of blood glucose management.
Comparison of clinical significance between optical coherence tomography guided percutaneous coronary intervention and angiography-guided percutaneous coronary intervention in acute coronary syndrome of the south zone of Tamil Nadu
Authors: Narayanan G  , Ravichandran Edwin JM  , Antoprabhu R  , Manikandan S
Published: October 2023

Background: Intravascular optical coherence tomography (OCT) has specific features favoring its utilization in acute coronary syndrome (ACS). OCT has 100% sensitivity for detecting intraluminal thrombus compared to conventional coronary angiograms.
Aims and Objectives: This study compares the clinical significance of OCT findings during percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and angiography-guided PCI in ACS patients.
Materials and Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted in a tertiary care cardiac center at Tirunelveli Medical College Hospital and included 43 patients who had undergone both conventional and OCT-guided stenting (PCI) coronary angiograms. Their pre- and post-stenting findings of Intravascular OCT, conventional angiogram findings, and follow-up coronary angiogram findings were recorded.
Results: The mean age of the patients was 51.61 years, with 20 (87%) males and 19 (86.4%) males in the OCT-guided PCI group. Baseline risk factors such as hypertension, smoking, and T2DM were noted. Pre-OCT showed fibrofatty plaque, plaque rupture, red thrombus, spotty calcium, mixed thrombus, and white thrombus. Post-stenting OCT results showed 13.6% Edge dissection, 9.1% Malapposition, 9.1% Red thrombus, 4.5% Tissue prolapse, and 4.5% white thrombus. Five patients had chest pain on follow-up; a check angiogram showed stent thrombosis and restenosis in four cases (17.4%), and reintervention was done. One case of early stent thrombosis expired, which is statistically significant.
Conclusion: Intravascular OCT is a promising new and advanced technology for intra-coronary imaging due to its high resolution and dynamic range.
Evaluation of breast cytology by applying modified Masood’s scoring system
Authors: Jyoti Yadav  , Pushpa Batham  , Sharma DB
Published: October 2023

Background: The occurrence of breast cancer is increasing worldwide with peak incidence occurring above the age of 50 years in developed countries, whereas in india, it is above the age of 40. Fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is a quick, easy, and cost-effective diagnostic tool for breast disease, and also helpful to differentiate between various benign and malignant lesions of breast.
Aims and Objectives: (1) to assess the usefulness of Modified Masood’s Scoring Index (MMSI) in breast cytology. (2) To study cytohistopathological correlation in breast lesions. After the FNAC of breast lesion, classify the breast lesion based on MMSI and histopathology.
Materials and Methods: A hospital-based prospective study was conducted between March 2021 and September 2022 on 183 patients who were referred for FNAC from the surgery department to the cytology section of the Pathology Department at Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose Medical College Hospital in Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh.
Results: In our study, the largest group of cases (45.90%) was in the 20–39 age range, with a mean age of 37±14.65. The majority of cases (60.6%) belonged to category II (proliferative breast disease [PBD] without atypia) with a mean MMSI score of 11.35±5.55. The cytological findings showed a correlation of 98.20% with MMSI in category II and 88.68% in category IV, while the histopathological findings showed a correlation of 89.52% with MMSI category II and 98.15% with MMSI category IV. Fibroadenoma (FA) was the most common finding on histopathological examination, accounting for 120 cases (65.6%).
Conclusion: The MMSI is an effective tool to complement cytomorphological diagnosis in breast lesions, including PBD with or without atypia and carcinomas. It is particularly valuable in the early management and prognosis of patients, as treatment options can vary based on the MMSI score.
Analysis of speech development and auditory performance in children after cochlear implantation
Authors: Radhakrishnan KR  , Sivasubramanian T  , Rajkamal Pandian D  , Amuthan KR
Published: October 2023

Background: Hearing loss is a frequent congenital condition. If not treated promptly, the disease’s progression may endanger newborns and young children’s proper growth and development. Cochlear implants (CIs) are the only viable treatment for severe or extremely severe sensorineural hearing loss.
Aims and Objectives: This study aimed to see how auditory performance and speech development changed after cochlear implantation in children born deaf and whether there is a link between sociodemographic parameters and the outcome.
Materials and Methods: Analyze the improvement of speech and auditory performance in congenitally deaf children aged 1–6 years who underwent CI surgery at Government Rajaji Hospital, Madurai Medical College, Madurai, from January 2016 to June 2018. The data acquired in this study were statistically analyzed to provide detailed findings.
Results: Among the study population with age distribution, 18 (26.87%) were in 3 years, followed by 17 (25.37%) in 4 years and least 1 (1.49%) were in 1 year. Sex distribution – 42 (62.69%) were male, and 25 (37.31%) were female children. Progress in hearing and speech was observed, which was evident from the 2-year assessment of categories of auditory performance (CAP) (2.7–4.4) and speech intelligibility rating (SIR) scores (1.04–3.67), increasing every 3 months (P<0.001). Scores of children in age group 2 (CAP2 and SIR 3.3) were the highest, yet differed significantly among age groups, implying that the earlier the CI implantation age, the better their language outcomes were.
Conclusion: The importance of age at implantation and the role of family members in effective audioverbal therapy and aural stimulation at home were highlighted in this study.
A study to detect early lung function deterioration using forced oscillation technique in smokers
Authors: Kirtish Bhutda  , Sanjay Kumar Bharty  , Avinash Jain  , Vikas Patel  , Brij Bihari Patel  , Brahma Prakash
Published: October 2023

Background: Scientists unequivocally evidenced that tobacco consumers suffer from three Ds: disease, disability, and death. The forced oscillation technique (FOT) is a non-invasive method with which to measure respiratory mechanics.
Aims and Objectives: This study was done to evaluate the ability of FOT to detect early smoking-induced respiratory function deterioration and to compare the performance of FOT with spirometry in healthy smokers.
Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at a medical college between January 1st, 2021, and June 31st, 2022, with a sample size of 30. Study participants included healthy smokers and non-smokers. Spirometry and FOT were taken into consideration as a diagnostic modality. Data analysis was done through statistical software with a confidence interval of 95% and P<0.5.
Results: In a total of 30 sample size (15 cases and 15 control), smokers presented with an average age of 26.13±5.55 years, with smoking index (SI) ranging from 5 to 80, none of the spirometry parameters were statistically significant between smokers and non-smokers, however, the FOT parameter, resistance at 6-hertz frequency R6, in smokers is 5.36±3.36 and is statistically different from non-smokers (P=0.02). Similarly, the percent predicted value of R6 also was statistically different in smokers (P=0.01). The R6 parameter correlated with forced expiratory flow 25–75 parameter of spirometry (r=0.567, P=0.027) in smokers.
Conclusion: FOT is a good diagnostic modality in detecting early airway changes in smokers. The FOT along with spirometry increases the chances of diagnosing early airway changes in even initial smokers having a low SI.
Anesthetic efficacy and safety of ropivacaine 0.75% versus bupivacaine 0.5% for spinal anesthesia in patients undergoing lower limb orthopedic surgery
Authors: Pratiti J Gohil  , Pankti Panchal  , Gauri M. Panjabi  , Jinal J. Gohil  , Ushma H. Thakar  , Raghav R. Rathi
Published: October 2023

Background: Ropivacaine, a new amino-amide local anesthetic agent, is similar in chemical structure to bupivacaine. The low solubility of ropivacaine leads to greater sensory-motor differentiation by blocking sensory nerve fiber more readily than motor nervefibers. Early recovery of motor function is associated with decreased incidence of venous thromboembolism and early mobilization.
Aims and Objectives: The present study aimed to compare the anesthetic efficacy and safety of hyperbaric ropivacaine 0.75% with hyperbaric bupivacaine 0.5% in spinal anesthesia in patients undergoing lower limb orthopedic surgery.
Materials and Methods: A total of 60 patients aged between 18 and 60 years of either sex, ASA I and II, undergoing elective lower limb orthopedic surgery were randomly divided into two groups, ropivacaine (R) and bupivacaine (B) group. Group R received 3 mL of 0.75% hyperbaric ropivacaine and group B received 3 mL 0.5% hyperbaric bupivacaine intrathecally. The efficacy in terms of onset and duration of anesthesia, quality of anesthesia, and hemodynamic and safety in terms of complications were noted.
Results: Group R produced faster onset of sensory block (ropivacaine 2.6±0.53 min; bupivacaine 3±0.56 min; P<0.006) and the mean duration of sensory block was significantly lesser compared to Group B (Ropivacaine 121.16±7.73 min; Bupivacaine 180.34±11.56 min; P<0.0001). Patients in Group R has significantly more rapid recovery of a motor blockade than Group B (ropivacaine 149.5±8.64 min; bupivacaine 210.17±13.19 min; P<0.0001).
Conclusion: Hyperbaric ropivacaine 0.75% was found to be a comparable alternative to hyperbaric bupivacaine 0.5% in patients undergoing lower limb orthopedic surgery.
Histopathological study of soft-tissue tumors in a medical college in South India: A two-year study
Authors: Jyoti Brahmaiah  , Bharathi Sree  , Sai Prasad BV  , Sai Sailesh Kumar Goothy
Published: October 2023

Background: Soft tissue can be defined as non-epithelial extraskeletal tissue of the body exclusive of the reticuloendothelial system, glia, and supporting tissues of different parenchymal organs. These tumors are a highly heterogeneous group and are classified into benign, intermediate, and malignant forms according to the adult tissue they resemble. They can occur in all sites of the body.
Aims and Objectives: The present study was undertaken to assess the histopathological pattern of various soft-tissue tumors.
Materials and Methods: This is a prospective observational study for a period of 2 years, in which 152 soft-tissue tumors were analyzed and classified primarily as per the WHO classification. The age-wise, sex-wise, and site-wise distribution and the histopathological spectrum of soft-tissue tumors were studied.
Results: A total of 152 soft-tissue tumors were included in the study, of which 90.79% were benign tumors, 5.92% were malignant, 2.63% were intermediate grade tumors, and 0.66% was of uncertain malignant potential. Maximum number of patients belonged to the 41–50-year age group. Males constitute 53.29% cases and females, 46.71% with a male-to-female ratio of 1.14:1. Lipoma was the most common soft-tissue tumor in the present study.
Conclusion: Overall soft-tissue tumors are a rare category of tumors with benign tumors vastly outnumbering malignant tumors. The diagnosis of soft-tissue tumors needs a meticulous approach and team effort. Proper examination of the gross specimen and careful sampling of the tumor is required for the correct diagnosis. Hematoxylin- and Eosin-stained sections remain very important for the diagnosis of soft-tissue tumors along with immunohistochemistry and molecular markers.
Oligonucleotide based therapeutic strategies for tackling schizophrenia - A systematic review
Authors: Jabir PK  , Cheriyan Sumina , Korath Pooja , Sai Sailesh Kumar Goothy
Published: October 2023

Schizophrenia is a serious mental disorder that affects the quality of life of patients, and the cure for the disease is yet a mirage. Drugs are having side effects and not giving satisfying results. Recently, genes have been isolated. The role of oligonucleotide in many diseases, such as multiple sclerosis and cancer, is promising. Since oligonucleotides can modulate gene expression, these molecules can be used as drugs in several conditions which are beyond the usage of conventional drugs. They are also important in the future as therapeutic drugs like rare diseases, which are genetic and in which specific sequences of genes are to be addressed. Since they can bind to Cas9 protein, they can be used for gene editing. Even though the delivery of oligonucleotides faces some limitations, they can be delivered to targets using chemical modification, bioconjugation, and nanotechnology. Overall, they can be used in research, diagnosis, and therapy. Since they are small in size, they have target affinity. They are also cheap to synthesize and more stable than antibodies. This review summarizes the pathophysiology of schizophrenia and its current treatment, recent updates, and insights into the role of oligonucleotide and its regulation of genes. In this article, we also reviewed the genetics of schizophrenia and the possible application of oligonucleotides in the therapeutics of schizophrenia. The introduction of oligonucleotides in the therapy of schizophrenia can be a possible strategy that can be put forward in the future for the management of schizophrenia.
A study to assess interobserver agreement for measuring the intraocular pressure using Goldmann applanation tonometry by two ophthalmologists
Authors: Dubey Harshita , Shakya Devendra Kumar , Rana Divya , Shukla Durgesh
Published: October 2023

Background: Precise use of Goldmann applanation tonometry (GAT) in the measurement of intraocular pressure (IOP) requires significant training since inaccuracies are common in the hands of untrained ophthalmic observer.
Aims and Objectives: This study was conducted with the objective to measure interobserver agreement between two ophthalmologists in measuring the IOP using GAT in suspected glaucoma patients.
Materials and Methods: This prospective observational study evaluated the agreement between the two observers for the measurement of the IOP using the GAT. The observers recorded IOP readings for 100 patients during two visits; both right and left eyes of the patients were examined during these visits. Pearson’s correlation coefficient, intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), and Bland–Altman plot were used to interpretate the results as statistical measure. A P<0.05 was considered significant. All statistical analyses were performed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences.
Results: In the present study, 100 subjects were examined for measuring the IOP using GAT. The range of the study subjects varies from 32 to 83 years. ICC (95% CI) values were more than 0.9, indicating excellent intraobserver reliability of the two observers. A fair correlation (r>0.90) was observed among the two observers. The agreement limit for the right eye and left eye during the first visit was (2.68, −2.18) and (2.32, −2.38), respectively. Agreement limit for the right eye and left eye during the second visit was (2.73, −2.11) and (1.83, −2.36), respectively.
Conclusion: On seeing the Bland–Altman plot, it was found that there was excellent agreement between observers 1 and 2 since mostly observation lie within μ±1.96*σ. Since there was fine agreement found between the two trained observers. This indicates proper training of opthmalogosists can increase the precision in measuring IOP using GAT.
Antibiogram Study of Bacteria Isolated from Subclinical Mastitis in Dairy Cattle of Kirtipur and Chandragiri Municipalities, Kathmandu, Nepal
Authors: Paudel M. , Bohara B. , Prasai T. , Bhattarai S. , Gompo T.R.
Published: October 2023

The dairy sector in Nepal has a high potential for growth, but unfortunately, its progress is impeded by diseases such as mastitis. The purpose of the current investigation was to identify the predominant bacterial species in mastitis-affected cattle milk and to ascertain the most efficacious antibacterial treatment against the bacterial isolates. The study was conducted from 17th August 2022 to 12th February 2023 in lactating cattle of the Kirtipur municipality and Chandragiri municipality of Kathmandu district, Nepal. A total of 640 milk samples from 160 cattle were collected randomly from cattle farms of Kirtipur and Chandragiri municipality of Kathmandu district. Initial screening for mastitis was conducted on collection sites by the California Mastitis Test (CMT) and further bacterial isolation and identification were carried out at the Central Veterinary Laboratory using standard bacterial techniques and the antibiogram were evaluated based on CLSI guidelines.  Among 640 samples collected from 160 cattle, 3.91% (25/640) tested CMT-positive at the individual quarter level, whereas the prevalence at the cow level was 15.62% (25/160). The major bacterial species isolated, in subsequent culture of CMT positive samples, were Staphylococcus spp. (10, 40%), E. coli (6, 24%), Streptococcus spp. (5, 20%), Enterococcus spp. (2, 8%), Bacillus spp. (1, 4%), and Klebsiella spp. (1, 4%).. Antibiogram study reveals that  major gram-positive bacteria, Staphylococcus spp., Streptococcus spp., Enterococcus spp., and Bacillus spp. were highly sensitive to Ampicillin,  Florfenicol, and Gentamicin while the  major gram-negative bacteria, E. coli, and Klebsiella spp. were highly sensitive to Florfenicol, Gentamicin, Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole and Ceftriaxone.  Hence, early diagnosis and careful monitoring of antimicrobial susceptibility before therapeutic intervention are essential to prevent high economic losses due to mastitis and to mitigate the potential risk of antimicrobial resistance in the livestock population.
Is Aesthetic Dermatology in Unsafe Hands?
Authors: Bhusal Mohan , Thapa Deeptara Pathak
Published: October 2023

Aesthetic Dermatology is one of the growing subspecialities that involves noninvasive to minimally invasive cosmetic procedures. It has overlapping scope with Aestheticians, Beauticians, and Non-Dermatologist medical practitioners, adding ambiguity and ethical issues. There have been global reports of invasive procedures done by Beauticians and Aestheticians leading to complications like scalp burn, infection and stroke which later led to development of guidelines in different countries. There is a strong need to develop similar guidelines in Nepal in collaboration with different stakeholders. Also, it is equally important to create public awareness so that public will be better informed about whom to consult for their skin concerns, and if needed report to governing bodies regarding negligence.
Madhyapurthimi Tourism: Reviews on Local Development
Authors: Badal Bharat Prasad
Published: October 2023

Madhypurthimi is one of the oldest city in the centre of Kathmandu, Kageswarimanahara, Lalitpur, Bhaktapur, Suryavinayak, Chanhgunarayan, and Mahalaxmi Municipalities of Kathmandu valley. Being such a centrally located venue with historical cultural heritage and values tourism potentiality, the tourist arrival is not satisfactory. Thus to identify the tourism potentiality of historic city Madhyapurthimi, the study has been conducted. The desk study, field survey, focus group discussion, workshop and interactions have been conducted in different occasion to find out the tourism potentials. Agriculture, Art and architecture, Cultural dances and shows, Historical heritage walks, Mask making, Open living museum, Pottery, River and Jungle in city, Riverside walk, Theme all, Tigani Baji, and Vermilion and other festivals are the major tourism products must be sold to the potential tourists inbound as well as outbound.
Motivation of Student Toward Politics: A Study of Tribhuvan University Campus
Authors: Poudel Shankar
Published: October 2023

This article is based on the study conducted in Tribhuban University for the MPhil degree. This study was conducted to find out student’s motivation towards politics, their contribution in academic improvements and shaping the larger countries academic progress. To fulfil this questions, qualitative methods was applied. Data were collected through in-depth interview and case stories. The total three case stories and 15 interviews were taken. Main argument of the article is Free Student Union (FSU) leadership have been concerned with party politics rather academic improvements. This show the overall image of Nepal’s FSU’s looking glass self. There are several motivational factors of the student leaders being engaged in politics. Family background, Political situations, peer groups, institutional effects, class and ideology. Most of them have begun their political affiliation and activities from their school life and few of them have joined the politics at the colleges, where from they were ideologically motivated or were embraced by the political movement of the time.
Cause and Effect of Quality Evaluation of Constructed School Buildings
Authors: Khatri Susmita , Bhatta Sewak
Published: October 2023

“Education is one thing no one can take away from you.” —Elin Nordegren. Such a wonderful precious assets are produced inside the school building. Thus the quality of school building is a causal infrastructure for future dimension of country. Thus the study is about the quality of school building. This study on quality evaluation of constructed school buildings, a case study of public schools of Siyari rural municipality of Rupandehi district, was be conducted during the period from July 2022 to June 2023. From the methodological perspective: Field observation, in-depth interview, focus group discussion and questionnaire survey were the tools for the field investigation. The proposed study was focused on finding out the quality of construction works within the territory of Siyari Rural Municipality of Nepal. The study finds out the level of the quality of the works. Furthermore, the study suggests the appropriate techniques for maintaining the quality of construction works.
Pelatihan Pembuatan Video Pembelajaran Menggunakan Aplikasi Canva Untuk Tenaga Pengajar di SDN 23 dan 25 Teluk Pakedai Kalimantan Barat
Authors: Maulana Reza , Setiawan Heru , Rodiah Siti , Reni Reni , Kurniawati Dwi , Vito Yulius Kristoforus , Riyanto Riyanto , Afiandi Ravi , Septiani Sella , Tampubolon Desi Putri , Devi Helena , Pratama Zurmauliriansyah Rifzki
Published: October 2023

Di era modern saat ini, teknologi kian pesat dalam segala perkembangannya. Tidak terkecuali dalam dunia pendidikan, proses kegiatan belajar mengajar yang juga kian bervariasi. Hal ini menuntut tenaga pendidik untuk tidak boleh tertinggal baik dari materi maupun teknik pembelajarannya. Canva merupakan suatu tools desain grafis untuk membantu dalam pembuatan desain kreatif yang mudah digunakan. Dalam kegiatan ini, dilaksanakan pelatihan pembuatan video pembelajaran menggunakan Canva bagi guru-guru SDN 23 dan 25 Teluk Pakedai Kalimantan Barat. Kegiatan ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan guru-guru dalam pembuatan video pembelajaran menggunakan Canva. Kegiatan ini memiliki 3 tahapan yaitu perencanaan, pelaksanaan serta evaluasi. Tahap pelaksanaan dilakukan dengan metode ceramah interaktif dan praktik. Pemaparan materi dilanjutkan dengan praktik pembuatan video pembelajaran. Dengan dilaksanakan pelatihan ini, para peserta mampu menciptakan video pembelajarannya sendiri dan dapat mengembangkan metode pembelajaran modern.
 
In today's modern era, technology is increasingly rapid in all its developments. No exception in the world of education, the process of teaching and learning activities is also increasingly varied. This requires educators not to be left behind in both the material and learning techniques. Canva is a graphic design tool to assist in creating creative designs that are easy to use. In this activity, a training was carried out on making learning videos using Canva for teachers of SDN 23 dan 25 Teluk Pakedai West Borneo. This activity aims to improve the ability of teachers in making learning videos using Canva. This activity has 3 stages, namely planning, implementing and evaluating. The implementation stage is carried out by the method of interactive lectures and practices. The presentation of the material continued with the practice of making learning videos. By conducting this training, the participants were able to create their own learning videos and were able to develop modern learning methods.
Upaya Meningkatkan Pendapatan Ibu PKK RW 02 Kelurahan Curug-Depok Melalui Potensi Internet dan Sosial Media
Authors: Primawati Alusyanti , Parwati S Ni Wayan , Niswati Za’imatun , Marlina Dwi
Published: October 2023

Perkembangan proses komunikasi pada saat ini dipengaruhi oleh perkembangan teknologi informasi dan internet. Internet dan media sosial merupakan dua hal yang tidak dapat dipisahkan dari hasil perkembangan teknologi informasi. Dalam berkomunikasi di media sosial dibutuhkan etika sebagai bentuk kecerdasan pengguna dalam memanfaatkan media sosial. Etika berkomunikasi di media sosial dapat mencegah ibu PKK melanggar UU ITE 2018. Selain kemampuan etika berkomunikasi yang benar dalam media sosial, ibu PKK juga wajib mengembangkan potensi dalam penggunaan internet. Keluaran yang dihasilkan dalam kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat adalah meningkatnya pendapatan rumah tangga ibu PKK RW 002 Kelurahan Curug melalui potensi penggunaan internet dan ketaatan pada hukum UU ITE 2018 dalam berkomunikasi di media sosial.
 
The internet and social media are two things that cannot be separated from the results of the development of information technology. In communicating on social media, ethics is needed as a form of user's intelligence in utilizing social media. The ethics of communicating on social media can prevent PKK mothers from violating UU ITE 2018.  In addition to the ethical ability to communicate properly on social media, PKK mothers are also required to develop potential in internet use. The output produced in community service activities is the increase in household income of PKK RW 002 mothers in Curug Village through potential internet use and compliance with UU ITE 2018  Law in communicating on social media.