bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Smoking patterns in adolescent orthodontic patients and school children
Authors: Collett Anthony R. , Mather Jenny C. , Phillips Michael
Published: January 2024

Smoking is known to be widely practised by young adults and teenagers, a fact that is of immediate importance to the orthodontic profession as it is now well accepted that smokers have poorer periodontal health than non-smokers. The aim of the present study was to determine the level of smoking in teenage orthodontic patients and compare it with that in the general teenage population and, further, to examine how these smoking habits are influenced by the subjects’ attitudes. Patients were surveyed as to their smoking habits and attitudes. All were between 10 and 18 years of age and undergoing active fixed-appliance therapy. The same survey was distributed to a local primary (elementary) school and local secondary (high) schools. Of the 729 school respondents, 29 per cent were classified as smokers; of the 333 respondents in the orthodontic group, 11 per cent were classified as smokers. Although the level of smoking amongst orthodontic patients appears to be lower than that for the general adolescent population, significant numbers of patients smoke on a regular basis, and a small proportion of these is under l3 years of age. Because they have regular contact over a number of years with their adolescent patients, orthodontists are in a favourable position to reinforce non-smoking behavior.
Longitudinal cephalometric changes in the maxilla, mandible and maxillary-mandibular relationship between 10 and 14 years of age
Authors: Aydemir Sahsene , Çeylan İsmail , Barçin Eröz Ü.
Published: January 2024

In the present study, longitudinal growth changes in the maxilla, mandible, and maxillary-mandibular relationship occurring between the ages of 10 and 14 years were evaluated in 19 female and 15 male subjects. All subjects had a clinically- acceptable occlusion, a normal growth pattern, and none had undergone orthodontic treatment. Serial cephalometric radiographs were taken at the ages of 10, 11, 12, and 14 years. The effects of age and sex on the sagittal growth of the jaws were studied by means of variance ana lysis. The results show that A-Ptm, B-Ptm, Pg-Ptm, A'-Ptm, B'-Ptm, and S-N-Pg measurements were affected by age, and the measurements A-Ptm, A'-Ptm, Wits and ANB by sex. Duncan's multiple range test was applied to those measurements where F values were found to be statistically significant. As a result, it was observed that the greatest growth changes occurred between 12 and 14 years old.
Orthodontic management of a patient with Epidermolysis Bullosa
Authors: Goldschmied Felix
Published: January 2024

A male patient with a dental malocclusion presented with Epidermolysis Bullosa, a group of genetically determined diseases characterised by abnormal fragility of the skin and mucosa. Described is the management of the patient utilising Begg Light Wire fixed-appliance orthodontic treatment.
An extended three-stage treatment to correct a severe skeletal and dental discrepancy
Authors: Moore Grahame J.
Published: January 2024

A report of a case of extended treatment of a patient with severe mandibular retrognathism and an Angle Class II division I malocclusion. Initial fixed appliance treatment reduced incisor protrusion. A second phase utilising a Teuscher appliance achieved improved facial and dental relations through excellent mandibular growth. A third phase of fixed Edgewise treatment finalised dental relations.
Facial asymmetry correction with surgical-orthodontic treatment: Challenges of the surgical and postsurgical phases
Authors:   Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal, Palmares Sara , Pereira Rui ,   Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
Published: January 2024

Asymmetry is commonly diagnosed in orthodontic clinical practice and is more or less perceived depending on its severity. In more severe cases, orthodontic-surgical treatment is the only treatment option. Although presurgical orthodontics is fundamental, occasionally, the occlusion obtained after surgery is far from that planned, and the orthodontist must decide between surgical re-intervention or orthodontic finishing. This clinical report describes the case of an 18-year-old man, presenting a severe facial asymmetry with class III malocclusion, who underwent a surgical-orthodontic treatment. One week after orthognathic surgery, the patient was reoperated because the intercuspation was different from the one obtained at the end of surgery. However, after the second surgery, the intercuspation was still far from what was planned. Despite that, at the end of treatment, a functional and stable occlusion was obtained, associated with a significant improvement in facial harmony and function.
Communication between dentists and dental technicians in Lisbon for the construction of removable partial dentures’ metal frameworks
Authors:   Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Medicina Dentária, Unidade de Investigação e Ciências Orais e Biomédicas (UICOB), Lisbon, Portugal, Gomes Isabel , Reis Filipa ,   Faculdade de Medicina Dentária da Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal, Mendes Teresa ,   Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Medicina Dentária, Unidade de Investigação e Ciências Orais e Biomédicas (UICOB), Lisbon, Portugal, Lopes Luís ,   Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Medicina Dentária, Unidade de Investigação e Ciências Orais e Biomédicas (UICOB), Lisbon, Portugal,   Laboratório de Instrumentação, Engenharia Biomédica e Física da Radiação (LIBPhys), Lisbon, Portugal
Published: January 2024

Objectives: To evaluate the communication between dentists and dental technicians in Lisbon for the construction of metal frameworks for removable partial dentures (RPDs). Methods: This observational study’s target population was laboratories in Lisbon. Data were collected through a questionnaire including six categories: medical prescription, conventional definitive impression and its disinfection, digital impression, analysis of study and working casts, and design and construction of the metallic structure. Dental technicians completed the questionnaire after consulting the medical instructions and observing the stone casts. The variables were subjected to descriptive statistics. Results: Three laboratories agreed to participate in this study, and the final sample included 53 entirely completed questionnaires. All definitive casts were obtained by conventional impression, with a universal tray (67.9%) and alginate (84.9%). The laboratories disinfected all impressions, mostly with sodium hypochlorite (98.1%), and the dental technician analyzed 84.9% of the casts in the parallelometer. There were no pre-prosthetic preparations in 66% of the working casts. The dentists provided design instructions in five cases, and only one delivered a drawing on paper. All metal frameworks were made in cobalt-chromium, mainly by electronic induction casting (96.6%). Conclusions: The dentist did not provide the dental technician with most of the design and planning instructions required for constructing removable partial dentures. This finding confirms the lack of communication between clinics and laboratories in Lisbon.
Sociodemographic and oral profile of people with disabilities at the clinic of the Faculty of Dental Medicine of the University of Lisbon
Authors:   Faculdade de Medicina Dentária da Universidade de Lisboa, Pinto Ana , Bizarra Fátima ,   Faculdade de Medicina Dentária da Universidade de Lisboa, Graça Sandra ,   Faculdade de Medicina Dentária da Universidade de Lisboa
Published: January 2024

Objectives: Analyze the flow of appointments at the Dental Hygiene Clinic for People with Disabilities at FMDUL, characterize their clients, and relate their dental health status with their main disability, level of dependency, difficulties in oral hygiene, and frequency of appointments. Methods: This observational, analytical, cross-sectional study included a sample of 555 patients who attended the Dental Hygiene Clinic for People with Disabilities at FMDUL between 2015 and 2019. The decayed missing and filled teeth (DMFT) index, bleeding index, and debris index were collected from clinical records. Statistical analysis included the Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests with a significance level of 5%. Results: During the study period, 3120 appointments were carried out. The DMFT index was 9.51(±7.49) and was higher in individuals with intellectual disabilities (p<0.001), in independent/autonomous individuals (p<0.001), and in those who attended the clinic for a longer time (p<0.001). Gingival bleeding was lower in autonomous individuals (p=0.013). More regular users had less bleeding and bacterial plaque, although without significant differences. The values of decayed teeth (p=0.02), bleeding (p<0.001), and bacterial plaque (p=0.004) were higher in uncooperative individuals. Conclusions: The dental health indicators of individuals who attend the dental hygiene clinic are positive and are influenced by dependency on activities of daily living, autonomy in oral hygiene, and cooperation in the appointments.
Thickness of the nasolacrimal duct and the adjacent maxillary bone in different skeletal patterns using MSCT: A retrospective study
Authors:   Department of Dental Clinics, Division of Oral Surgery, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Bahia, Brazil, Santos Marcelo , Souza Daniel ,   Department of Propedeutics and Integrated Clinic, Division of Oral Radiology, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Bahia, Brazil, Borges Maria ,   Department of Propedeutics and Integrated Clinic, Division of Oral Radiology, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Bahia, Brazil, Rebello Iêda ,   Department of Propedeutics and Integrated Clinic, Division of Oral Radiology, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Bahia, Brazil, Neves Frederico ,   Department of Propedeutics and Integrated Clinic, Division of Oral Radiology, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Bahia, Brazil, Sardinha Sandra ,   Department of Dental Clinics, Division of Oral Surgery, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Bahia, Brazil
Published: January 2024

Objectives: To evaluate the anatomy of the nasolacrimal duct and the adjacent maxillary bone thickness using multislice computed tomography. Methods: Tomographic images of 92 individuals (184 sides) were analyzed according to sex, side, and sagittal (Class I, II, and III) and vertical (mesocephalic, brachycephalic, and dolichocephalic) skeletal patterns. The largest diameters of the nasolacrimal duct and the thickness of the adjacent maxillary bone were measured when the lacrimomaxillary suture was completely visible. In addition, the measurements were performed 2 mm above and below the midpoint. The maxillary bone and nasolacrimal duct measurements were analyzed by one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s post-hoc test. Results: Females had a significantly narrower lacrimal duct at the midpoint (p=0.026) and 2 mm above it (p=0.025). Maxillary bone thickness was greater in Class II individuals compared to Class I at the midpoint (p=0.012) and 2 mm above it (p=0.027). The dolichocephalic group had greater maxillary bone thickness at the midpoint (p=0.014) and 2 mm below it (p=0.005) compared to the brachycephalic group. Maxillary bone thickness was greater in mesocephalic individuals compared to dolichocephalic individuals (p=0.04). Conclusions: Brachycephalic Class I individuals have lower maxillary bone thickness adjacent to the nasolacrimal duct, which increases the risk of injury during the bone fixation process.
Awareness of cardiovascular diseases and their risk factors among the general population in the Al-Baha Region, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alkully Turki , Alghamdi Alanoud , Kofiah Yasser , Alzahrani Ali , Alghamdi Anwar , Alghamdi Fatimah , Alghamdi Ruba
Published: January 2024

Objective:
This study aimed to determine the level of awareness of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and their risk factors among the general population in the Al-Baha region of Saudi Arabia.
Methods:
This cross-sectional study was conducted in the Al-Baha region of Saudi Arabia from March to May, 2023. A total of 404 individuals were recruited through random sampling method. Using a standardized questionnaire, demographic information was gathered, and knowledge of CVD risk factors was assessed.
Results:
Majority of the participants (n=319, 79.0%) were between the ages of 18 and 40 years. Additionally, 54.7% (n=221) participants were female. The most prevalent risk factor was smoking (n=351, 87.6%), followed by high blood cholesterol (n=300, 74.3%), obesity (n=299, 74.0%), hypertension (n=287, 71.0%), diabetes (n=211, 52.2%), and a family history of CVDs (n=200, 49.5%). Majority of the participants reported physical activity and healthy eating habit as preventive measures for CVDs. However, there were knowledge gaps regarding certain symptoms of CVD and the suggested frequency for screening serum cholesterol. More than half (n=225, 55.7%) individuals had a proper awareness of CVD risk factors, with residency and age being significant predictors of knowledge level.
Conclusion:
This study emphasized the need for focused education and awareness initiatives to improve the knowledge of CVDs and their risk factors among the Al-Baha region population, especially among individuals with limited knowledge. Residency and age were found to be the key factors in determining knowledge levels, highlighting the importance of interventions that are tailored to specific populations.
Psychological impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on cancer patients
Authors: Qashqary Nahed , Alnejaidi Mohammad , Alzahrani Abdulaziz , Albariqi Mohammed , Alghamdi Suliman , Banoun Ziad , Ghazwani Essa , Alghamdi Abdulaziz , Hobani Alhassan
Published: January 2024

Objective:
This study aimed to establish the psychological effects of COVID-19 on cancer patients at King Abdulaziz University Hospital in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
Methods:
This was a cross-sectional study carried out at King Abdulaziz University Hospital in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. The study involved all patients diagnosed with cancer between March 2020 and 2021. Data collection was done by reviewing medical records to identify the patients and then a survey questionnaire was structured targeting the selected patients.
Results:
Among the cancer patients, most of the participants (75%) had other medical conditions, 137 (71%) indicated that they applied 1-3 COVID-19 preventive measures, 112 (58%) indicated that COVID-19 pandemic impacted their treatment protocols or follow up appointments, 33 (63%) had delays in taking any chemotherapy appointments, while 17 (63%) had delay in surgery appointment. A statistically significant relationship between the variables and the increased level of anxiety, and isolation was also revealed by the study (p
Quality of life among Parkinson disease caregivers in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alqahtani Zina , Alrashidi Lana , Shawkhan Rammas , Alharbi Aeshah , Alqathlan Joud , Almuhyi Bushra , Alharbi Seham , Almutairi Alhanouf , Alobaid Njood
Published: January 2024

Objective:
The aim of the current study was to measure the correlation between the understanding of Parkinson's disease (PD) and the burden of care among caregivers.
Methods:
This was an observational cross-sectional study conducted among Parkinson's disease caregivers in Saudi Arabia. A self- administered questionnaire was used to collect the data. The questionnaire consisted of three parts; socio-demographic factors, questions related to the quality of life of the caregivers, and questions to assess the understanding of the disease among the caregivers. To assess the quality of life, the scale of quality of life of caregivers (SQLC) was used.
Results:
A total of 492 caregivers of PD patients participated in the study. Majority of caregivers (38.8%, 191) felt physically capable of helping the patient with activities of daily living, such as toileting, dressing, showering, bathing, and lifting. However, a significant proportion of caregivers reported experiencing negative impacts on their quality of life, including feeling annoyed or frustrated because their sleep was disturbed by the patient at night (29.3%, 144), feeling physically injured as a result of caring for the patient (33.7%, 166), and having trouble coping with the patient\'s compulsive behaviors (such as gambling or sexual hyperactivity) (29.1%, 143).
Conclusion:
Parkinson\'s disease patients\' caregivers might endure emotional and physical strain, disturbed sleep, and irritation. However, caregivers might also experience good effects, such as a continuous friendship with the patient and the capacity to make future plans and achieve their objectives.
Wilson's disease with psychiatric manifestations case report
Authors: Alqefari Abdullah , Albati Saleh , Alburaidi Abdulaziz , Alsaqabi Majd , Almeshigeh Monirh , Alsohaibani Asma
Published: January 2024

Background:
In the context of Wilson\'s disease, characterized by copper accumulation leading to organ dysfunction, a high prevalence of neuropsychiatric involvement is observed. This is primarily manifested as extrapyramidal and cerebellar signs, including tremor, dystonia, and ataxia. While less frequent, presentations with psychotic symptomatology, encompassing delusions and hallucinations, have been documented in the literature.
Case Presentation:
This case report describes a juvenile male diagnosed with Wilson\'s disease exhibiting the development of psychotic symptomatology. He was a 13-year-old boy presented with visual and auditory hallucinations and sleep disturbance. Remarkable findings before the onset of these symptoms were dangerous behavior and angry outburst. Extensive investigations, including cerebrospinal fluid, autoimmune panel and serum copper level assessment, were performed. A key finding was elevated urinary copper chelation, complemented by sonographic confirmation of hepatomegaly on abdominal imaging provided sufficient evidence for the gastroenterology team, involved since admission, to diagnose Wilson\'s disease. Prompt initiation of penicillamine therapy was subsequently recommended.
Conclusion:
Wilson\'s disease with neuropsychiatric symptoms primacy exhibited a temporal dissociation from hepatic involvement, resulting in extended diagnostic intervals and, consequently, a higher risk of irreversible neurological compromise relative to hepatic onset presentations. Prompt diagnosis, facilitated by proactive consideration of atypical manifestations, is essential to mitigate neurologic sequelae.
Does Autopulse Mechanical Chest Compression Improve Outcomes After Cardiac Arrest? A systemic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Almulihi Qasem , Shujaa Asaad , Aldossary Bader , Assiri Mohammad , Bahrani Abdullah , Rashed Shahd , Alali Fawaz , Alaithan Abdullah , Aldubayyan Ghanem , Alaithan Mohammed , AlBakhite Hussain , Alsultan Yaser , Nemer Huda , Alfaraj Fatimah , Alabdullah Ayub
Published: January 2024

Background:
Cardiac arrest remains a critical global health challenge, necessitating effective interventions to improve outcomes. Autopulse Mechanical Chest Compression has emerged as a potential adjunct to conventional manual cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). This study aimed to comprehensively investigate the association between Autopulse use and various outcomes following cardiac arrest.
Methods:
A thorough literature review was conducted using PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Google Scholar, CINAHL, and the Cochrane Library. Articles were evaluated for eligibility according to predefined criteria. The collected data was synthesized, and the findings were subsequently presented.
Results:
Sixteen studies were included in the study. A synthesis of diverse studies revealed nuanced perspectives on Autopulse Mechanical Chest Compression. Enhanced CPR success and improved survival rates in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest were demonstrated, while potential drawbacks were suggested, warranting scrutiny of device design and implementation strategies. Meta-analyses on ROSC favored Autopulse, indicating a statistically significant advantage over Manual CPR (relative risk 1.43, 95% CI 1.07-1.92). Complication analyses showed no significant difference (relative risk 1.11, 95% CI 0.93-1.33), emphasizing comparable safety profiles. Patient survival rates exhibited variations, with Autopulse demonstrating higher rates in some studies, but nuances were observed in 30-day survival and hospital discharge rates.
Conclusion:
Autopulse Mechanical Chest Compression holds promise as a supplementary strategy in cardiac arrest resuscitation. However, complexities arose in longer-term outcomes, highlighting the need for contextual considerations.
Knowledge, perception and acceptability of breastfeeding and bottle feeding among Saudi population
Authors: Alruwaily Sarah , Masud Nazish , Alshaibani Haya , Sheiko Maha , Alshoaibi Meshael , Awadalla Asma
Published: January 2024

Despite the enormous benefits of breastfeeding, its prevalence is suboptimal, with exclusive breastfeeding ranging between 7.3 % and 51% in the Saudi community. The aim of this study was to assess the Saudi community's knowledge regarding breastfeeding, exposure to breastfeeding promotional messages and formula milk advertisement, and acceptability of breastfeeding in public places. It was a cross-sectional study that included Saudis aged 20 to 55 years old between December 2019 and June 2020. It utilized a self-administered questionnaire, which asked about background information, knowledge of breastfeeding, exposure to breastfeeding promoting messages and exposure to formula milk advertisement, and acceptability of breastfeeding versus bottle feeding in public. Data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS v. 22). For the analysis, p-value < 0.05 was considered significant. The sample included for analysis was 914. Mean age of participants was 33.8±9 years. The majority of participants were female 823 (90%); males were 87 (10%). The vast majority (94%) agreed that breast milk is more beneficial than formula milk. Nearly two-thirds (61%) were continuously exposed to messages advertising formula feeding, compared to only 35% who were exposed to messages promoting breastfeeding. The study found that 67.2% accept breastfeeding in public places. Among male participants, only 49% accepted breastfeeding in public places compared to 79% of female participants who accepted it; p-value < 0.001. Acceptability of breastfeeding in public places was significantly higher among participants who had family members who breastfed (68%), compared to those who didn't (50%), (p-value 0.01).
Forschung in der Klienten- bzw. Personzentrierten und Experienziellen Psychotherapie 1991–2008. Ein narrativer Review
Authors: File Norbert , Hutterer Robert , Keil Wolfgang W. , Korunka Christian , Macke-Bruck Brigitte
Published: January 2024

Dieser Beitrag gibt einen Überblick über die zwischen 1991 und 2008 veröffentlichten Primärstudien der Forschung zur Person-/Klientenzentrierten und Experienziellen Psychotherapie. In Form eines narrativen Reviews aufbereitet, liegt der Schwerpunkt des Beitrags auf einer umfassenden Einschätzung der Wirksamkeit des Ansatzes in verschiedenen Anwendungsfeldern. Die Studien werden nach Themenfeldern aufgeschlüsselt dargestellt und unter Berücksichtigung der aktuellen Diskussion und vorhandener metaanalytischer Befunde interpretiert. Die Ergebnisse weisen insgesamt auf eine gute Effektivität der Person-/Klientenzentrierten und Experienziellen Psychotherapie bei unterschiedlichen Klientengruppen und bei settingspezifischen Anwendungen hin. Der Artikel soll eine Grundlage für die Qualitätsdiskussion von psychotherapeutischen Verfahren liefern.
Kann Empathie trainiert werden?
Authors: Berghofer Gerlinde , Gonja Tijana , Oberlechner Thomas
Published: January 2024

Der Begriff der Empathie hat mit Carl Rogers seinen Durchbruch in der Psychotherapie erlebt. Die Möglichkeit, Empathiefähigkeitendurch Training zu entwickeln, besitzt jedoch auch außerhalb der Therapie große Relevanz und hat zu einer Vielzahl an wissenschaftlichen Evaluationsstudien geführt. Unser Artikel gibt einen Überblick über 63 Studien zur Wirksamkeit von Empathietrainingsprogrammen mit Studenten, Berufstätigen, Schul- und Vorschulkindern, Paaren, Eltern, Senioren und Personen im forensischen Bereich. Bis auf wenige Ausnahmen zeigen diese Studien eine Zunahme an Empathie durch Training. Der Artikel präsentiert mögliche Einflussfaktoren auf die Effektivität von Empathietrainings und diskutiert Limitationen dieser Trainings, welchen die künftige Wirksamkeitsforschung von Empathietrainings Beachtung schenken sollte.
Personzentrierte Arbeit mit Märchen
Authors: Krismer-Eberharter Herta , Finke Jobst
Published: January 2024

Wie bei der Arbeit mit Träumen stellt sich bei der personzentrierten Arbeit mit Märchen zunächst die Frage nach deren Voraussetzung und Indikation sowie nach ihrer besonderen Wirkweise. Es werden die Grundzüge und die Prinzipien der Arbeit mit Märchen erörtert und sodann anhand einer Fallskizze veranschaulicht. Die spezifische Verminderung der Abwehr und die Vertiefung der Selbstexploration werden als Ergebnis im Zusammenhang mit der Symptomreduktion diskutiert.
Personzentrierte Psychotherapieausbildung in den USA
Authors: Hannon J. Wade , Cornelius-White Jeffrey H. D. , Coleman Teresa A.
Published: January 2024

Dieser Artikel gibt einen kurzen Überblick über die Geschichte der Psychotherapieausbildung in den USA nach dem personzentriertenKonzept (PCA). Es werden Rogers’ frühe Programme skizziert und wie das Konzept gegenwärtig präsentiert wird. Die Ausbildung für personzentrierte Psychotherapie ist heutzutage zu einem großen Teil in allgemeine bzw. eklektische Trainingsprogramme verbannt oder findet peripher Einzug in non-Profit-Organisationen und andere Vereine. Obwohl eine Mehrzahl im Fach die personzentrierten Bedingungen als sehr wichtig oder notwendig einschätzt, weisen sich nur wenige akademische Programme wie auch Lehrer definitiv als „personzentriert“ aus; und nur einige machen geltend, dass die Bedingungen hinreichend bzw. optimal sind. Erwähnt werden hier die Lizenzierungswege in den sozialen Dienstleistungen, der professionellen Beratung, Sozialarbeit, Psychologie, Eheberatung und Familientherapie, Psychiatrie und anderen Musterprogrammen mit personzentrierten Kennzeichen.
Aktualisierungstendenz als Entwicklungspotenzial im Alter
Authors: Elfner Peter
Published: January 2024

Vor dem Hintergrund eigener Berufserfahrung und der psychosozialen Situation alter Menschen wird eine Übertragungdes Personzentrierten Ansatzes auf die Behandlung psychischer Altersstörungen dargelegt. Das Postulat der Aktualisierungstendenz gesteht ein Entwicklungspotenzial bis ins hohe Alter zu. Psychische Störungen können erstmalig im Alter auftreten oder bereits vorher bestehen. Die Inkongruenz steht in wechselseitigem Zusammenhang mit den gewaltigen Anpassungsleistungen, die der Alterungsprozess fordert. Die theoretische Konzeption des Meta-Ansatzes beugt einer normativen Einengung des vielfältigen Erlebens dieser heterogensten Altersgruppe vor. Zur Erleichterung des Psychotherapiezugangs wird sowohl die Bereitschaft des Therapeuten zu einer längeren Motivationsphase gefordert als auch ein nicht ausschließlich sprachlich-explorierend festgelegtes Indikationskriterium des Ausdrucks von Inkongruenz. Neben störungsspezifischen Behandlungsmodifikationen ist ein fließender Übergang zwischen Psychotherapie, Beratung und konkreten Hilfestellungen ebenso erforderlich wie eine interdisziplinäre Zusammenarbeit.
Achtsamkeitsbasierte Kontaktarbeit – Prä-Therapie in der Altenpflege
Authors: Pfeifer-Schaupp Ulrich
Published: January 2024

Im vorliegenden Beitrag wird untersucht, welche Bedeutung der von Garry Prouty entwickelte Ansatz der Prä-Therapie für denBereich der Pflege von demenziell erkrankten alten Menschen hat. Zunächst wird die Entstehung des prä-therapeutischen Ansatzes beschrieben, die Ziele sowie die Praxis der Anwendung werden vorgestellt. Im zweiten Schritt wird die Vorgehensweise der qualitativ- deskriptiven explorativen Studie erläutert. Der Ansatz wurde an 111 Pflegekräfte vermittelt und von diesen im Alltag erprobt. Die Auswertung der Daten erfolgte auf der Grundlage der Grounded Theory. Drittens werden die Ergebnisse vorgestellt und anhand von Fallvignetten illustriert. Das Ergebnis des Projekts ist, dass der Ansatz einen Beitrag zur Verbesserung der Qualität in der Demenzpflege leisten kann. Zur Bezeichnung der Arbeitsweise wird der Begriff der Achtsamkeitsbasierten Kontaktarbeit vorgeschlagen, um eine Verwischung mit der Arbeit in therapeutischen Kontexten zu vermeiden.
Prä-Therapie in der Demenzpflege
Authors: Dodds Penny
Published: January 2024

Im Rahmen einer britischen Studie wurde abgeklärt, inwieweit Prä-Therapie in der Demenzpflege anwendbar ist und welche Voraussetzungen dabei besonders berücksichtigt werden müssen. Bei Personen, die sich in einem prä-expressiven Zustand befanden, gewann die Kontaktreflexion des nonverbalen Verhaltens an Bedeutung. Im verbalen Bereich war der vermehrte Gebrauch von unbestimmten Pronomen relevant. Es wurden persönliche und soziale Faktoren eruiert, welche die Kontaktarbeit erschwerten oder behinderten.
Personzentrierte Gesprächsführung in der Ausbildung der Altenpflege
Authors: Langfeldt-Nagel Maria
Published: January 2024

Psychologen arbeiten nicht nur unmittelbar mit alten Menschen, sie haben durch ihre Beteiligung an der Ausbildung von Altenpflegern und Altenpflegerinnen sowie als Supervisoren auch einen indirekten Einfluss. Durch Unterricht und Supervision sollen die Kompetenzen der Pflegenden so erweitert werden, dass das Wohlbefinden der betreuten alten Menschen gefördert und ihre Selbstbestimmung geachtet wird. Befragungen in verschiedenen Einrichtungen der Altenpflege ergeben jedoch, dass diese Ziele eher nicht erreicht werden. Altenpflegerinnen wiederum leiden darunter, dass ihre Bemühungen um die alten Menschen so wenig bewirken. Die Personzentrierte Gesprächsführung kann in vielen Situationen des Altenpflegealltags hilfreich sein, die betreuten alten Menschen emotional zu unterstützen und ihre Selbstbestimmung zu achten. Gleichzeitig entlastet sie auch die Pflegenden und trägt zu deren Berufszufriedenheit bei.
Personzentrierte Beratung von älteren Menschen und deren Angehörigen
Authors: Klein Margot
Published: January 2024

In der vorliegenden Arbeit wird die Personzentrierte Beratung hinsichtlich der Beratung älterer Personen und ihrer Angehörigen spezifiziert. Die für die Beratung älterer und verwirrter Menschen relevanten Konzepte wie z. B. zugehende Beratung und biografische Begleitung werden vorgestellt und anhand von Beispielen aus der Beratungspraxis illustriert. Es wird dargelegt, dass der Personzentrierte Ansatz bei der Begleitung von Entscheidungsprozessen älterer Menschen besonders geeignet ist, da die Emotionen und der persönliche Kontext der Klienten wegleitend sind. Darüber hinaus werden die oftmals nicht wahrgenommenen Rahmenbedingungen der Entscheidungsprozesse benannt, um zu verdeutlichen, dass Beratung nicht in einem machtfreien Vakuum stattfindet. Es gehört zum Aufgabenbereich personzentrierter Beratung, die immanenten Handlungsanteile im Verhältnis zu institutionellen Vorgaben zu reflektieren und personzentriert statt normzentriert vorzugehen.
Personzentrierte Gruppenarbeit mit demenziell erkrankten Menschen zur Unterstützung des Selbstwahrnehmungs- und Bewältigungsprozesses
Authors: Ensinger-Boschmann Ellen
Published: January 2024

Psychosoziale Maßnahmen für demenzkranke Menschen werden im Gegensatz zu medikamentösen Behandlungsprogrammenimmer noch kritisch hinterfragt. In diesem Erfahrungsbericht einer seit vier Jahren bestehenden Gruppe sollen Möglichkeiten und Grenzen psychosozialer Gruppenarbeit besonders im Hinblick auf die Anwendung des Personzentrierten Ansatzes (PZA) aufgezeigt werden. Welchen Effekt hat der Ansatz bei dementen Menschen und für den Gruppenprozess? Entgegen der immer noch vorherrschenden Meinung, die kognitive Abbauprozesse mit fehlender Selbstreflexion und Verhaltenssteuerung gleichsetzt, können im vorurteilsfreien Umgang mit dementen Menschen Lernprozesse ermöglicht und innerhalb des Gruppenprozesses Verständigung untereinander und Verständnis füreinander in Gang gesetzt werden.
Gesprächspsychotherapie mit einer älteren Frau
Authors: Galliker Mark
Published: January 2024

Dargestellt wird der therapeutische Prozess bei einer 73-jährigen depressiven Frau. Die ersten Therapiestunden standen ganz im Zeichen der Herstellung eines Kontaktes zur Klientin. Der Therapeut konzentrierte sich zu Beginn der Therapie auf die Wiedergabe ihrer verbalen Beiträge und später dann auf die Verbalisierung emotionaler Erlebnisinhalte. Er unterstützte so gut wie möglich die Exploration der Klientin und gelangte zunehmend von einseitig empathischen zu dialogischen Wiedergaben.
Sexualidade e transtornos psiquiátricos: narrativas de mulheres hospitalizadas no Instituto de Psiquiatria de Santa Catarina
Authors: Real Luisa Côrte , Ceccon Roger Flores , Ramos Luiza Lemos , Costa Jade Zarichta , Pimentel Eduardo Mylius
Published: January 2024

Introdução: Os transtornos psiquiátricos são síndromes multifatoriais com elevada prevalência, fazendo parte das 5 entre as 10 principais causas de incapacidade no mundo. Nas mulheres os transtornos mais comuns são os de humor e os ansiosos. Analisando o fator de gênero, já se sabe que as mulheres possuem mais fatores de vulnerabilidade para ocorrência desses transtornos, sendo a sexualidade um desses. Objetivo: Compreender como se constituíram as experiências sexuais de mulheres com transtornos psiquiátricos graves internadas no Instituto de Psiquiatria de Santa Catarina. Método: Estudo com abordagem qualitativa cuja coleta de dados foi realizada por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas com 22 mulheres hospitalizadas no ano de 2021. As narrativas foram interpretadas por meio da Análise de Conteúdo do tipo temática com base na hermenêutica dialética, cujo foco foram as determinações sociais, culturais e históricas vivenciadas pelas mulheres. Resultados: A maioria das mulheres entrevistadas era branca, heterossexual e com ensino médio completo. As experiências sexuais relatadas envolvem práticas abusivas, especialmente violência sexual na infância e/ou na vida adulta. Ainda, falta de autoestima com o corpo e a sexualidade e ausência de cuidado dos profissionais de saúde em relação à sexualidade das mulheres internadas emergiram das narrativas. A maioria das participantes se sentiu à vontade para abordar o tema durante as entrevistas, mas não falavam sobre o assunto com os profissionais. Conclusão: A sexualidade de mulheres com transtornos psiquiátricos é resultado da vulnerabilidade social vivenciada por elas ao longo da vida, devendo ser abordada como parte do cuidado integral em saúde.
Tudo o que você precisa saber sobre perícia forense
Authors: Fontana-Rosa Júlio Cesar , Meyer Leonardo Fernandez
Published: January 2024

A psiquiatria forense é uma das áreas de atuação da Psiquiatria e seu trabalho está ligado ao campo do direito. Entre as atribuições do profissional estão a realização de perícias médicas e avaliações de diversas varas, como civil e familiar. O especialista utiliza os seus conhecimentos médicos para fazer avaliações psicológicas de indivíduos envolvidos em casos judiciais e também ajudar a traçar um perfil psicológico de um procurado, por exemplo. Como é o trabalho desses profissionais? Como é realizada uma perícia forense? Responderemos essas e outras questões no ABP TV desta terça-feira. Acompanhe conosco e envie suas dúvidas pelo Youtube, Facebook ou Instagram.
ESPECIAL - Relembre o que aconteceu ao longo de 2023 na ABP
Authors: Psiquiatria Associação Brasileira de
Published: January 2024

.
المهارات العقلية وعلاقتها في بعض مهارات كرة القدم
Authors: سلمان محمود بلال , رمضان صالح كهلان , ثاير صالح عدي , روكان حسن عمر
Published: January 2024

تعد لعبة كرة القدم من الألعاب الجماعية التي يتميز بها اللاعبين بالعديد من المهارات العقلية والحركية لذلك كان من الواجب الارتقاء والتكامل بمستوى هذه القدرات لتطبيق الواجبات الخططية المطلوبة من اللاعبين خلال المباريات من اجل تحقيق أفضل الانجازات ، وقد أصبحت هذه المهارات السمة المميزة لكافة الفعاليات التي تتطلب تصرفات حركية من اللاعبين داخل الملعب سواء كان ذلك في الدفاع أو الهجوم ، وتلعب المهارات العقلية والحركية دوراً أساسياً في مستوى اللعب بكرة  القدم لذلك يجب إعدادهم اعداداً جيداً من النواحي العقلية والحركية على الوجه الأكمل وخصوصا أن الناحية المهارية تظهر متداخلة مع النواحي العقلية والحركية وهنا تكمن اهمية البحث .

اما مشكلة البحث فمن خلال اطلاع الباحثين على عدد من البحوث والمصادر العلمية وجدوا ان الكثير من المدربين عند اعطائهم للمهارات الحركية لا يعتمدون بشكل اساسي على استخدام المهارات العقلية ، ولكون العمليات العقلية هي التي تتحكم بكل الافعال والنشاطات التي تصدر في الفرد داخل البيئة التعليمية ، وتعمل على زيادة مقدرة المتعلم في خزن المعلومات المتعلمة واسترجاعها والاستفادة منها بطريقة أفضل ، مما يحتاج منّا الى دراسة فعلية لمعرفة تأثيرها على عملية التعلم، لذلك ارتأى الباحثون الخوض في هكذا دراسة لكي يمد القائمون على عملية التعلم بأهمية المهارات العقلية وعلاقتها في بعض مهارات كرة القدم لدى لاعبي الشباب في أكاديمية نادي العلم الرياضي .

اما اهداف البحث فتلخصت بالاتي :

-          التعرف على مستوى  المهارات العقلية وبعض مهارات كرة القدم لدى لاعبي الشباب .

-          التعرف على علاقة الارتباط بين المهارات العقلية والمهارات الاساسية للاعبي كرة القدم الشباب.

وافترض الباحثون بان هناك علاقة ارتباط ذات دلالة احصائية بين المهارات العقلية والحركية لدى لاعبي كرة القدم .

اما منهج البحث فاستخدم الباحثون المنهج الوصفي باسلوبي المسح والعلاقات الارتباطية لملاءمته لطبيعة البحث.

اما مجتمع البحث وعينته : فتمثل مجتمع البحث بلاعبي الشباب في الاكاديميات الرياضية بكرة القدم في محافظة صلاح الدين والبالغ عددها (5) اكاديميات والمبين تفاصيلهم بالجدول أدناه إذ بلغ عدد اللاعبين (180) لاعباً ، أما عينة البحث فتم اختيارها بالطريقة العمدية وتمثلت بلاعبي أكاديمية نجوم العلم بكرة واكاديمية نادي العلم بكرة القدم للموسم (2018 – 2019) لفئة الشباب والبالغ عددهم(40) لاعباً بعد استبعاد حراس المرمى

وتوصل الباحثون الى الاستنتاجات الآتية : انخفاض نسبة المهارات العقلية بشكل عام لدى العينة ، وكذلك هناك ارتباط معنوي بين المهارات العقلية ومهارات كرة القدم لدى اللاعبين ، وكذلك هناك فروق متباينة للمهارات النفسية على مهارات كرة القدم (الاخماد ، الدحرجة ، التهديف).
LMS-DRIVEN HOTS READING MODEL FOR HIGHER EDUCATION ENHANCEMENT
Authors: Darmawan Erlan , Thamrin Nani Ronsani , Suwarto Gentur Priguna
Published: January 2024

This research aims to implement the Learning Management System of the Learning Process for developing a reading instruction model based on HOTS. Conducted the research in a private university in Kuningan, West Java, Indonesia. At present, one of the private tertiary institutions in Kuningan during COVID-19 is conducting lectures in a virtual class using Moodle in the learning process with the e-class, a part of the LMS. With the implementation of a virtual class in the form of Moodle used by the students of a private university in Kuningan, it is hoped that it can improve the reading instruction model based on higher-order thinking skills. This research is a kind of research and development or Research and Development (RD) to produce products and test the feasibility of products, where the products developed are in the form of a reading instruction model based on HOTS using the ADDIE development model (Analysis, Design, Development and Implementation, Evaluation). The results are very effective in using this model, as seen from the test results obtained by students in the class.
DEBAIXO DE FOGO
Authors: Loureiro Luís Miguel , Pereira Rui , Figueira Alexandra
Published: January 2024

RESUMO – Partindo do caso do jornalista freelancer Bruno Amaral de Carvalho, identificamos e analisamos os dois tipos de combates em que se envolveu para garantir a cobertura da guerra da Ucrânia, para a CNN Portugal, a partir do lado russo, entre março e outubro de 2022. Além de se envolver na guerra de informação que, desde 2014, configurou dois campos metanarrativos relativamente à Ucrânia, o jornalista, o único a trabalhar desse lado da guerra para os média portugueses no período em análise, teve de combater as estratégias de degradação simbólica que lhe foram dirigidas por políticos e jornalistas, sob a forma de ataques ao caráter e à independência. O estudo recolhe os conteúdos produzidos por Bruno Amaral de Carvalho para a CNN Portugal, classificando-os de acordo com esses campos metanarrativos, e faz a decomposição e análise ao processo de degradação simbólica que obrigou o jornalista a esse duplo combate.
ABSTRACT – Based on the case of freelance journalist Bruno Amaral de Carvalho, we identify and analyze the two types of battles he was involved in to guarantee coverage of the war in Ukraine for CNN Portugal, from the Russian side, between March and October 2022. As well as being involved in the information war that, since 2014, has shaped two metanarrative fields in relation to Ukraine, the journalist, the only one working on this side of the war for the Portuguese media in the period under analysis, had to combat the strategies of symbolic degradation directed at him by politicians and journalists, in the form of attacks on his character and independence. Our study collects the content produced by Bruno Amaral de Carvalho for CNN Portugal, classifying it according to these metanarrative fields, and breaks down and analyzes the process of symbolic degradation that forced the journalist into this double combat.
RESUMEN – A partir del caso del periodista freelance Bruno Amaral de Carvalho, identificamos y analizamos los dos tipos de batallas en las que estuvo involucrado para garantizar la cobertura de la guerra en Ucrania para CNN Portugal, desde el lado ruso, entre marzo y octubre de 2022. Además de estar implicado en la guerra informativa que, desde 2014, ha configurado dos campos metanarrativos en relación con Ucrania, el periodista, el único que trabajaba en este lado de la guerra para los medios portugueses en el período analizado, tuvo que combatir las estrategias de degradación simbólica dirigidas contra él por políticos y periodistas, en forma de ataques a su carácter e independencia. El estudio recoge los contenidos producidos por Bruno Amaral de Carvalho para CNN Portugal, clasificándolos según estos campos metanarrativos, y desmenuza y analiza el proceso de degradación simbólica que obligó al periodista a este doble combate.
An Analysis of Communication Strategies of Salatiga Municipality on Instagram during the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Wijaya Lina Sinatra , Lattu Izak Y. M. , Davianti Arthik
Published: January 2024

Introduction: Covid-19 cases in Indonesia reached their peak in mid-June 2021. The peak has caused all city governments in Indonesia to provide accurate and reliable information for all the citizens in tackling the spread of the virus. Salatiga is one of the city governments that successfully handled this condition. Therefore this study will analyze the communication strategies the Salatiga City Government used to disseminate information to the public via Instagram.

Methods:This study uses a qualitative analysis approach to assess the content of the text data and information related to coronavirus published on the Instagram of Salatiga Municipality, called: @humaskotasalatiga.

Findings: This study found that in implementing the strategies, the Salatiga City Government used six principles of System Theory: system transformation, openness, interdependence, negative entropy, equifinality, and requisite variety. This study also recommends that the Salatiga City Government communicate information clearly and honestly, organize information management for government leaders and government officials to provide the most up-to-date information, and construct comprehensive governmental health risk communication systems.
Originality: Many studies have been done on communication strategies by Salatiga Municipality. However, no study analyzes the communication strategies used by Salatiga Municipality, primarily through Instagram, during the pandemic. Therefore, this study analyzes how Salatiga Municipality the communication strategies through Instagram.
Painleve analysis of travelling wave solutions and analysis of energy estimates for a nonlinear Sobolev-type equation
Authors: Aristov A. I.
Published: January 2024

There is considerable interest in studying unbounded solutions of nonlinear partial equations. In many cases, energy estimates can be used to prove that the solution tends to infinity in finite time, while also providing an estimate for the latter. Here, an equation in which energy estimates fail to gauge the cases when solutions exhibit such behavior was analyzed. A class of unbounded solutions was explored using the Painleve analysis.
A conservative fully discrete finite element scheme for the nonlinear Klein–Gordon equation
Authors: Dautov R. Z. , Salimzyanova G. R.
Published: January 2024

This article proposes a family of the Petrov–Galerkin–FEM methods that can be used to solve the nonlinear Klein–Gordon equation. The discrete schemes were formulated based on the solution of the problem and its time derivative. They ensure that the total energy is conserved at a discrete level. The simplest two-layer scheme was studied numerically. Based on the solution of the test problems with smooth solutions, it was shown that the scheme can determine the solution of the problem, as well as its time derivative with an error of the order of O(h2 + τ 2) in the continuous L2 norm, where τ and h characterize the grid steps in time and space, respectively.
A cutting-plane method with internal iteration points for the general convex programming problem
Authors: Zabotin I. Ya. , Kazaeva K. E. , Shulgina O. N.
Published: January 2024

A cutting method for solving the problem of convex programming was proposed. The method calculates iteration points based on approximation by polyhedral sets of the constraint region and the epigraph of the objective function. Its distinguishing feature is that the main sequence of approximations is constructed within the admissible region. At each step, it is also possible to assess how close the current value of the function is to the optimal value. The convergence of the method was proved. A few of its implementations were outlined.
On the effect of stress on the nonequilibrium viscosity of glasses
Authors: Karaseva U. P. , Freidin A. В.
Published: January 2024

Two processes related to the relaxation of a glassy material’s structure were discussed. One entails stress relaxation, while the other involves the relaxation of the structure to its equilibrium state following the stress relief and is described by the change of fictive temperature. Both processes affect the viscosity coefficient. The nonequilibrium viscosity model was analyzed with account of these relaxation processes. The importance of considering stresses when modeling the viscoelastic behavior of glassy materials was showcased by solving the problem of stress relaxation in a plate under thermal stresses.
A Stefan problem for composite materials with an arbitrary number of moving phase-transition boundaries
Authors: Kuznetsova E. L. , Zhavoronok S. I.
Published: January 2024

A Stefan problem of heat transfer in semi-infinite bodies with an arbitrary number of unsteady moving boundaries during phase transitions was solved. Such problems arise when composite materials are heated at high temperatures, causing the binding agents to decompose (destruct) thermally, which leads to the formation of moving boundaries in the onset and end of phase transitions, mass transfer, etc. An analytical solution of the Stefan problem with an arbitrary number of unsteady moving boundaries was obtained. The heat transfer process with two moving boundaries was analyzed.