bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The role of cultural heritage in urban reuse
Authors: Domenech Rodríguez Marta , López López David , Cornadó Bardón Còssima
Published: September 2022

Cities face the challenge of transforming existing buildings to be reused, particularly those that are underused or not used at all. Tackling this issue, the European Commission approved in 2014 a package of measures to promote a circular economy. According to this agreement, our cities can be more sustainable and resilient by transforming these underused existing buildings with proposals for their adaptive temporary reuse, favoring the citizens’ well-being and quality of life and promoting social inclusion and economic growth with respect for the environment. This paper studies the role of heritage education in adaptive urban reuse, exploring the possibilities and methodologies for the reprogramming of existing buildings for different types of activities to offer citizens and communities the opportunity to participate in the life of the city, favouring their social inclusion. In contrast to the common new-builds or refurbishment commissions, reuse offers a greater possibility of disseminating, transforming and reinventing architectural methodologies and approaches to integrate in the design process forms of citizen participation, favouring the transition towards a model of a circular economy and more sustainable consumption. The paper analyses the possibilities of urban reuse applied to five major public heritage buildings in Barcelona: the Post Office Building, the Old Customs House, the France Train Station, the Martorell Museum and the Castle of the Three Dragons. Each of them has a particular condition regarding current uses and its public owning institution and presents specific characteristics regarding building typology, heritage protection, conservation and construction materials and techniques. The buildings date either from the late 19th century or the early 20th century and are grouped along a 1 km axis on the threshold between the historic center and the port of the city. This unique location represents a great strategic potential for the regeneration and urban reactivation of the city.
Traditional houses in the South-Western Iberian Peninsula: Themes for a cross-border comparative typological study
Authors: Costa Rosado Ana , Gómez-Martinez Vidal , Costa Miguel Reimão , Pérez-Cano María Teresa
Published: September 2022

Up until the 13th century, the South-western Iberian Peninsula shared the same cultural and political conditions under the rule of garb-Al-Andaluz. The administrative separation of this territory between two different kingdoms led to deep changes in the culture and daily life on either side of the border, which may have reflected on housing structures. Did the 13th-century border between Spain and Portugal trigger divergent paths in housing types? Or has the previous common background prevailed in shaping house models in the territory around the Guadiana Valley? This paper proposes a set of themes to begin a cross-border study on the traditional house, its changes and continuities. The research is based on in loco architectonic surveys of common houses in the Algarve, Alentejo (Portugal) and Andalusia (Spain). The buildings are analysed as regard their spatial organizations, constructive techniques and urban implantation allowing some themes of change and continuity to emerge. This then allows comparisons between the types of traditional houses in these border regions, their common characteristics, differences and evolution paths. It is noticeable that, given how the South-western Iberia represents the same territorial unit in terms of climate and orography, and – until the 13th century – shared the same historical context, the urban similarities were profound. It is therefore almost surprising how divergent the housing evolution between the two sides would become. The study of housing architecture is of particular relevance to the history of people as the variations reflect how the habits and customs of societies. Especially in societies sharing the same starting point, it shows how habits and customs may diverge after separation into two different administrative entities.
Favignana bio-calcarenite: technological culture, knowledge and recovery
Authors: Nicolini Elvira , Mamì Antonella , Caleca Eleonora
Published: September 2022

Favignana Island, the biggest one among Egadi islands, is well known for its deposits of calcarenite, which has been extracted and used since ancient times. The landscape of the Island is shaped by the widespread presence of quarries that mark the seaside as well. Furthermore, the constant presence of dry-stone walls, made of calcarenite, and of the characteristic architecture of buildings, represents a hallmark for the rest of Egadi islands as well, making it clear how important the presence of this material has been for the architectural and technological culture of these places.Calcarenite itself, exported by this island, is still a constituent material of many buildings in the western part of Sicily, in particular the prestigious buildings of the Baroque period. The presence of calcarenite, while notably all other construction materials, including timber, are absent, has meant that all the construction elements, indoor and outdoor, as well as all settlement types, have been affected by the almost exclusive use of calcarenite, the quarrying methods and the craftsmen’s skills that inevitably derived from this context. Today, masonries, vaults, floors, roofs and all other elements show specific solutions that strongly characterize the buildings and the urban and rural landscape of the island.However, despite the constructive relevance of any elements or entire buildings, the touristic exploitation of the Egadi archipelago has brought to the replacement of buildings, or elements, as well as to a wrong and weak activity of building recovery. The reinterpretation of claddings and exposed masonry, and the replacement of original floors with concrete floors are just some of the many inappropriate interventions. In terms of typologies and morphological models, the study that we present has also dealt with the development of more adequate and relevant intervention techniques and repairs.
Traditional dwellings and techniques of the First Indigenous Peoples of South Africa in the Eastern Cape
Authors: Minguzzi Magda , Hernandez Navarro Yolanda , Vosloo Lucy
Published: September 2022

Vernacular indigenous dwellings of the Khoikhoi Peoples (First Indigenous Peoples of South Africa[1]) present in the Baviaans Kloof area in the Eastern Cape (South Africa) have been surveyed and are currently under study by the authors with the direct involvement of the community members. This research is of particular relevance because: it is conducted in a geographical area that is currently under-researched in respect to this particular theme; the dwellings are an exceptionally rare example of the use of Khoikhoi traditional techniques and materials; it was achieved with the direct engagement of the Indigenous community. The research collaboration applies a transdisciplinary approach and method  –  already in place with the NRF-CEP research by Dr Minguzzi – that employs a multi-layered methodology: practice-led research, community engagement/ community cultural development, influenced by narrative inquiry. In the age of globalization, it becomes necessary to study the origin and development of those buildings to understand their constructive process, the use of specific local materials as well as the consequences that the introduction of unsustainable colonial materials caused. This is an aspect that could be relevant for  future reflection on how to preserve and promote the Indigenous cultural, social inclusion and sustainable built environment. The paper will define the state of the art and morphological, functional and technical analysis of contemporary Khoikhoi dwellings to identify the tangible and intangible cultural heritage and the influences of colonization on it. [1] The First Indigenous Peoples of South Africa are the San (hunter-gatherer) and Khoikhoi (herders). Two groups which, in precolonial times had overlapping subsistence patterns and use of the territory, and which, from the colonist arrival until the present, have been fighting for the recognition of their identity and heritage. In this regard see: Besten M. “We are the original inhabitant of this land: Khoe-San identity in post-apartheid South Africa”, in Adhaikari M. (2013), Burdened by Race: Coloured identities in southern Africa, UCT press, Cape Town.
Shuar architecture as a model of sustainability
Authors: Morocho-Jaramillo David Eduardo
Published: September 2022

In recent decades modern architecture has focused excessively on the search for new construction techniques to facilitate and improve the construction process in cities. This has reduced the application  of local construction techniques and materials, leading to the neglect of cultural heritage and architectural landscape.As vernacular architecture relates to historical inhabitance of the territory with no theoretical or aesthetic pretences it is a viable model of sustainability. At no point do poverty and nostalgia for the past correspond to the way in which this type of architecture was conceived. The ways of thinking and life of indigenous cultures open a viable path towards the conservation of their architecture. Although today  there is an inclination to build following the new tradition of modern materials and typologies, and leaving aside the close connection between the forms of inhabiting and their surroundings, it is necessary to create a heritage awareness of place, where its architecture can be adapted to a new way of conceiving architecture and its spaces to fulfil the needs of a modern society.
State of conservation of half-timbered walls in Burgos (Spain): Quantitative analysis of material and structural degradation
Authors: Hueto Escobar Alicia , Vegas Fernando , Mileto Camilla , Lidón de Miguel María
Published: September 2022

The systematic data collection and quantitative analysis of 225 half-timbered walls found in the province of Burgos made it possible to reach conclusions on the frequency and scope of 27 phenomena of material degradation and 11 types of structural lesions. Almost the entirety of the sample analysed presents some degree of material degradation, mostly slight atmospheric lesions such as surface atmospheric erosion and chromatic alteration and dehydration of the timber. A greater vulnerability to structural lesions, particularly structural deformation, has been observed in this type of wall. The results presented in this text form the basis for understanding the conservation and restoration needs of half-timbered walls, given the indispensability of knowledge of the most common degradation systems.
Historic tuff masonry in Naples: different approaches to its conservation
Authors: Russo Krauss Giovanna , Bosso Raffaella , Balbi Barbara
Published: September 2022

Tuff, a sedimentary rock made of volcanic ash, is a traditional building material in the Campania region. Since its foundation Naples’ architecture, whether monumental or vernacular, has been erected in tuff masonry and only the arrival of concrete and steel has meant its downfall. Due to the soft nature of tuff, traditionally the building material was designed to be covered by plaster and very few and monumental architectures, by selecting and sculpting to the purpose the rock, were designed to be fair-faced. In years the exposition to natural and artificial degradation agents has brought a wide variety of deterioration phenomena both on the fair-faced tuff masonry and the ones that had lost plaster. In approaching the restoration of these architectures, the conservator is faced with a challenging task. This is due to the difficulty of balancing the pursue of minimum intervention and authenticity respect, the conservation of the historic consolidated image of the architecture and the necessity of using the best restoration techniques that guarantee the highest conservation of the material in future years, with particular regard to bio-compatible and sustainable materials both for operators and the environment. By analyzing the restoration of various architectures, both archaeological and modern, the paper will address this difficult task and the different decisions made by the conservators in relation to the monuments’ nature, identity, history and status of conservation. The paper is based on a multidisciplinary approach due to the contribution of the expertise of an architect, a restorer and an archaeologist.
The stone as constant presence: vernacular structure of the cultural heritage of Porcuna (Andalusia, Spain)
Authors: Millán-Millán Pablo Manuel , Belmondo Simona
Published: September 2022

Human settlements, throughout history, have been characterised by the proximity of places of natural wealth, in order to perpetrate life and to strength their own anthropological and material culture. This is the case of Porcuna, a village in the province of Jaén (Andalusia, Spain), with more than sixty centuries of interrupted human presence. The main natural resource of the area is a deposit of sandstone used for three million years. The above-mentioned stone has been the constructive material in this territory for all the ages, marking not only its material culture but also its own social anthropology. Considering the durability of this material, it is possible to appreciate that its use has remained unvaried in spite of continuous changings concerning techniques or demands. The presentation deals with several cultural heritage buildings in Porcuna, carried out with the same local sandstone, from the Roman amphitheatre (I century b.C.) to the so-called Casa de la Piedra (XX century). Starting from this analysis, it is possible to observe that the same material has been used, over the years, in different cultural heritage buildings that have been affected by the same stone deteriorations. Basically, a single material has produced a vernacular culture conformed to different moments in the history of the village, allowing to preserve some relevant cultural heritage architectures.
The rural founding villages of the Italian Agrarian Reform in Basilicata (1950-1970): urban planning and 'modern' vernacular architecture to the test of contemporaneity. The case of Borgo Taccone (MT)
Authors: Bortolotto Susanna , Achille Cristiana , Ciocchini Elisabetta , Palo Maria Cristina
Published: September 2022

The contribution aims at providing an overview on urban planning and on 'modern' vernacular architecture of the rural founding villages built during the Agrarian Reform (1950-1970) in Italy, in the inland areas of Basilicata Region. In particular there are settlements not yet sufficiently known, in which the important of inventorying the considerable built heritage must be the objective of a necessary, urgent safeguarding. With the 'Agrarian Reform' (Law 841/1950), the Italian government carried out a redistribution to settlers of the lands of uncultivated or abandoned large estates. The purpose was to increase productivity in the reformed areas, as long as a better profitability of labor and an adequate 'social equity'. As a consequence, new villages were created that had to fulfil the task of reorganizing rural centers of socio-economic concentrations, able to reconstitute environments similar to the agglomerations from which the laborers, once employed in the latifundiums, came. Among the numerous centers built in Basilicata, Borgo Taccone is representative of this system of agrarian colonization of the Lucanian territory. The settlement, in which the modern construction techniques were broadly experimented, is the service center for farmers living in farmhouses in the surrounding funds and for this reason it was equipped with core services such as the church, the school, the post office, the clinic, cinema/theater, etc. After an initial period of demographic expansion, in the seventies the ‘Borgo’ began to depopulate and is now in a state of abandonment and decay. Despite this, this settlement, surrounded by agricultural land in a well-preserved landscape, still retains a strong formal character in both its urban and architectural layout. The contribution traces the physical, social and cultural transformation line that led this rich asset to the contemporary world, outlining a possible future cultural theoretical debate on its safeguard and sustainable enhancement.
Architectural survey, realized with integrated methodology, of the complex of Walser houses in Alagna Valsesia, Italy
Authors: Garuglieri Sara , Di Paola Angela , Vecchio Simone , Frosini Greta , Verona Beatrice
Published: September 2022

The subject of this paper is the architectural survey, realized with integrated methodology, of three Wal-ser houses, located in Ronco Superiore, within the Alagna Valsesia (Vercelli, Italy) municipality. The task of surveying the complex was assigned to us by the Superintendence of Archeology, Fine Arts and Land-scape for the provinces of Biella, Novara, Verbano-Cusio-Ossola and Vercelli in cooperation with the Regional Secretariat of Piemonte. The aim of the work was that of providing graphic and metric refer-ences for the houses, which are a typical example of the rural architecture at the foot of Monte Rosa, to be made available for subsequent interventions of restoration and enhancement. The Superintendence took over the safekeeping of the site from the Public Property in 1998 and, since then, has promoted a process of recovery of the buildings, winning the Europa Nostra Award in 2014. Granting access to visi-tors has given a larger audience the possibility of knowing the history, the constructive peculiarities and the works of conservation carried out in this area. Specifically, the complex of Walser houses is the most ancient settlement in Alagna, built between the end of XVI century and the beginning of XVII century. Walser houses have a stone basement and wooden roof and walls. The latter are built with the Blockbau technique, i.e. a superimposition of trunks and beams, juxtaposed to shape walls; interlocking connec-tions ensure the rigidity of the structure. First, we have acquired the morphometric characteristics of the buildings; then, we have elaborated them graphically, by employing a georeferenced, 3D laser scanner. Photogrammetric data have, instead, been acquired using digital cameras and drones.
The standardisation of vernacular architecture. Wine buildings in Andalusia
Authors: Aladro-Prieto José-Manuel , Ostos-Prieto Francisco Javier , Murillo-Romero María
Published: September 2022

Production buildings constitute a specific section of vernacular architecture, with distinct characteristics. In Andalusia, within this group, the architecture of wine, acquires an important relevancne, the wine cellars. They are a large number of buildings, which were built in the 18th, and 19th centuries. This happened when traditional Andalusian wine production was transformed into a modern wine industry. An industrial development generated a vast architectural ensemble of unique characteristics. This has been studied especially in the Sherry wine region, but it is also present in other regions such as Montilla-Moriles or El Condado de Huelva. The architectural, and industrial wine development in the 19th century was fundamentally based on the repetition of a specific model: the basilica cellar. A simplified formal, and constructive system that comes from the standardisation of the vernacular cellar, and that establishes early points of convergence with the industrial building. A model that continues the tradition in terms of construction, and structure, but conceptually modern in its modular, and repeatable condition. Its reiteration, and extreme simplification made possible the construction of large industrial complexes, and the city transformation. The industrial importance achieved by the wine agro-industry, and the vernacular quality of its architecture introduce different references in Spanish industrial historiography.
Dry Stone Wall Relics as a Part of Cultural Landscapes: A Case Study from the Foot of Mt. Hira Region in Japan
Authors: Ochiai Chiho , Wang Jingying
Published: September 2022

Shishigaki (wild boar defense walls), as a part of cultural landscapes in Japan, currently faces serious deterioration. The research aims to identify the characteristics of Shishigaki walls in eight villages located at the foot of Mt. Hira and propose conservation strategies. Interpretation of historical documents and cadastral maps, interviews, and measurement surveys were conducted. As a result, about 4,3 km of Shish-igaki relics are confirmed, of a total length up to12,7 km built in the 18th to 19th century. Shishigaki walls were built by local households collaboratively with different drystone masonry techniques. Based on the field surveys, it was found that although up to 91% of Shishigaki walls located within the village territories were demolished, only half of Shishigaki walls in the forest were deconstructed. Loss of functionality as protection fences with the change of land use is considered as the main reason for the demolition of Shish-igaki walls. It is suggested that Shishigaki relics in the forest could be integrated into existing hiking routes and promoted through collaborative map-making with local residents. The authors contest that heritage interpretation rooted in local historical studies and conservation with community involvement could be adopted in the promotion of cultural landscapes worldwide.
Syrian Earthen Villages: Recovery of Construction Crafts to Revive Dome Houses
Authors: Asslan Hala
Published: September 2022

The existence of earthen domed houses constructed of mud bricks has been attested for at least 5000 years in Syria. Earthen villages are most extensive and recognized as some of the richest Earthen Villages in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA). This construction technique which has been perpetuated in the region without discontinuity is currently experiencing a painful decline. Only a handful of master masons still have the know-how necessary to build the domes. It is therefore to be feared that, after centuries of transmission, the experience and skills of these craftsmen will disappear. These specialists knew how to build modest houses which were integrated into their environment without harming it. And though heritage should never be the target of any clashes , during the conflict which has raged since 2011, Syrian heritage has been the object of significant destruction, looting, and the damage. This is very significant in historic cities and rural landscapes. Among the objects damaged the most are the domed houses. This paper discusses the basic architectural details and features of traditional construction system, as well as, current threats, the maintenance and future of the domed houses during and after the war, in addition to the role of rural women in rehabilitating and applying traditional techniques and methods. Additionally, it suggests a brief documentation and digitalizing for tangible and intangible heritage of rural communities living in domed mud houses. The paper proposes documenting and preserving by detailing the tangible heritage damaged by conflict, and giving an intensive training to the young generation on the building methods and traditional lifestyles, and finally recovery and maintenance of construction crafts.
Examination of earthen construction in archaeological sites of the Iberian Peninsula for risk analysis
Authors: Manzano Fernández Sergio , Mileto Camilla , Vegas López-Manzanares Fernando , Cristini Valentina
Published: September 2022

Earthen constructions are one of the most widespread and fragile elements of the architectural heritage of the Iberian Peninsula. This situation is worsened when they lack the necessary protection and are found in vulnerable enclaves such as archaeological sites. Their geographical, cultural and constructive particularities expose them to different risks – natural, social and anthropic – which threaten their conservation and interpretation for future generations. This study aims to examine this type of heritage complex in constructive terms, focusing on constructions of a domestic and productive nature and paying special attention to those from prehistoric, protohistoric and Roman periods. Attention is also paid to later similar remains conserved. Quantitative and qualitative analysis methodologies are applied to a series of case studies found throughout the Iberian Peninsula in order to record the information on fiches examining general and specific aspects of the different techniques observed. Given the broad timeline and geography covered, as well as other identification and conservation factors, the data collected reflect a predominance of adobe over other earthen techniques which are also described, including daub, cob and rammed earth, with fewer examples identified throughout. This heritage is therefore classified to record the original states compiled from the different archives, reports and publications. Subsequently, a specific database is generated for the analysis of risks (exposure and sensitivity) and criteria, strategies or results (capacity for adaptation), gleaning as much information as possible from these characteristics.
The struggle for Stone-dry walling: the ambition to protect both processes and products
Authors: Grisoni Michela Marisa
Published: September 2022

Quoting from the inscription into the Intangible Cultural Heritage List (2018), the art of dry-stone walling concerns “the know-how” related to making stone constructions that explains the interest towards the product process as well as the product itself. The protection of the ability in stones selection and their placement, without mortar or dry soil at most, has moved the attention from walls to walling too. As a result, the idea of authenticity should be rediscussed to preserve not only some existing monuments and amazing landscape, but a living heritage and a sustainable land use. A risk occurs in some coastal areas, both maritime or front lake, and in the valleys, of the Alps or the Apennines. These places are the most sensitive to residential and receptive exploitation; as a result, an aesthetic landscape perception is taking advantage against its structural conception and the authentic art construction for dwelling (buildings), farming (terraced arrangements) or husbandry (cow-walls). The awareness of the role of dry building for the consolidation of the slopes, the protection of the mountain and the harmonious relationship between environments and species the inscription would preserve, is misunderstood. In Italy some evident ambiguities are occurring into practice and local behaviours. Although the inscription has invited preservation program, the governance of the art of terraced arrangement seems often reduced to a picturesque disposal; misunderstood if not betrayed in its authenticity both as a product and as a process. Some case studies are proposed to point out this slipped issue, considering the Lake of Como as an elective observation area. By the presentation of some real examples, both virtuous and critical, a discussion and comparison with other contexts, both national and international, should eventually be favoured.
Rediscovered earth heritage becomes motor for local change - The Guérande Peninsula (France)
Authors: MIRANDA SANTOS MARTA , HILTON Alison , Poullain Philippe , HAMARD Erwan , Mouraud Corentin
Published: September 2022

In the northwest of France, raw earth has been broadly used, especially in Brittany where cob dwellings have been built since the sixteenth century. Today, cob buildings represent 20 % of the built heritage on this territory (Bardel P., Maillard J-L. 2009). The cob technique is also found in the Vendée marshes, where squat dwellings (“bourrines”), dating back to the fourteenth century, bear witness to the use of local, natural resources (Patte E., Streiff F. 2006; Bonnet S., Alzeort D, Poullain P. 2021). Between these two well-documented earth-building territories lies the Guérande Peninsula where earthen heritage, until recently little-known and neglected, has become the object of study.As a result of several inventories undertaken by earth-building professionals, a part of this heritage has been recorded and mapped (Hilton A. 2016; Miranda Santos M. 2016; Humblot D., Josset F., Marquis B. 2018). Two main research methods have been used: · a general audit of the specific areas of the peninsula where earth buildings exist,· a targeted audit of certain villages and their buildings.This latter entailed a comparison of historical maps with current cadastral maps, followed up by on-site verification.Following this inventory work, a sense of the nature and extent of local earthen heritage is beginning to emerge, feeding synergies with renewed local interest in earth construction. The Maison Neuve eco-district in Guérande presents a clear example of this: its objective is to reuse several thousand tonnes of its own site-excavated earth in earth-building projects over the next 5 years. The results of the inventory work helped this local project to understand the nature of the earth available and the different relevant earth-building techniques. The inventory work has also fed into local educational and awareness-raising activities to raise awareness of local earth-built heritage and disseminate best practice in the renovation of earthen walls
The Italian case of Leopoldine in Tuscany: methods and issues for the cata-loguing of rural building heritage
Authors: Nocerino Iole
Published: September 2022

The Val di Chiana is characterised by a dense rural building heritage, which differs according to its mountain, hill and plain areas. Among the houses on the plains, there is an elegant model called 'Leopoldina’, which can be considered an exemplary case of vernacular architecture: indeed, such a farmhouse, built on the occasion of the land reclamation initiated during the Grand Duchy of Pietro Leopoldo of Lorraine (1765-1790), presents local materials and building techniques and, moreover, it was designed to meet the precise economic, agricultural and lifestyle needs of the peasant families of sharecroppers. Although the Leopoldine refer to a repetitive typological model, there are many singularities that can be found in the Val di Chiana area, both from the formal and constructive point of view. For this reason, it is indispensable to have a thorough knowledge of them, based on cataloguing. The Landscape Project entitled "Leopoldine in Val di Chiana" (Tuscany Region, 2021) proposes cataloguing the Leopoldine, while in the past, certain municipalities in the Val di Chiana had already carried out a survey of these abodes. However, from a critical analysis of the various files, certain critical points have since emerged. Thus, the present contribution introduces a new tab model of Leopoldine, taken from a PhD Research Project, based on both the richness of information and on an inter-dimensional reading between architecture and landscape: the purpose is to allow an exhaustive knowledge of the factories within the Lorraine area aimed at restoration and re-use projects compatible with the value of the houses, as well as with the development needs of the territory involved. For this reason, the tab has become a valid tool, even to be adopted in agricultural territories, through which it is possible to address, the challenge proposed by the Convention on the Value of Cultural Heritage for Society (Faro, 2005) of heritage conservation in a sustainable way, as an opportunity for the recognition and strengthening of social cohesion.
Traditional Bukharian Houses and Mahallas: A Shared Vernacular Heritage at Risk
Authors: Vileikis Ona , Aituganova Nargiz , Babaev Sukhrob , Ors Ausín Javier
Published: September 2022

Beyond being a form of community expression, the traditional Bukharian houses and mahallas – neighborhoods - illustrate a close relationship with the environment as the use of earthen materials and the design of its urban fabric respond to the harsh desert climate. This World Heritage listed vernacular architecture and mahallas in Uzbekistan are a vulnerable and rapidly changing heritage. Traditional techniques and know-how are getting lost and replaced by new construction techniques that most of the time are causing irreversible changes. In addition, their special attributes that make them unique are also disappearing due to changes of ownership, alterations, and adaptive reuse. In this context, a fragment of this heritage, the Traditional Bukharian Jewish Houses, was identified and included on the 2020 World Monuments Watch program to advocate for their preservation while maintaining the diversity and livelihood of the communities. Since the Watch inclusion, the World Monuments Fund (WMF) and International Institute for Central Asian Studies (IICAS), in partnership with the Bukhara State University and other local partners, have been working on the Documentation and Conservation project. The team assembled for this project is carrying out an updated inventory of the three Jewish mahallas using digital technologies and documenting and assessing the physical conditions of the houses. Ultimately, the project seeks to create best practice conservation guidelines not only for the Jewish houses, but also for all the traditional Bukharian houses that will foster community awareness of traditional construction techniques. This paper presents the process, challenges, and preliminary results of the project contributing to the protection of this outstanding Bukharian vernacular and shared heritage.
The SDGs as a useful tool in vernacular architecture management: The case of “17 objectives and a map”.
Authors: López Sabater Angela , García López de Andújar Vanesa , Laumain Xavier
Published: September 2022

The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) contribute to unite cities, organizations, local governments, and people networks, sharing transformation policies and challenges for the future of the planet. At present, cultural heritage is widely recognised as a fundamental pillar in the achievement of the SDGs in the coming years. Focused on people and their work to place culture, education, heritage, art and social development as a focal point, a project has been developed by the hand of the Jaume I University (Castellón). "17 objectives and a map” is a project based on the 17 SDGs, wich emphasizes the importance of traditional crafts, construction techniques and the heritage conservation to achieve the global goals. The history of construction shows that vernacular architecture have always been creative in adapting and optimizing buildings using the local resources available to fulfill people’s needs in the best way. In this process -in a natural and sustainable way- climatic, economic, social and cultural factors have been taken into account. During the first phase of the proyect (years 2020 and 2021) workshops where heritage communities exchanged experiences and good practices improving mutual learning, were developed in a playful and fluid way, identifying and extracting SDG messages from different projects. With the help of specific designed toolkits, heritage communities became aware of the importance of sustainable actions to transform the heritage future. After several months of workshop, the results of this first phase served the participants to review their projects from an SDG perspective and to restructure some points of them in favor of a more sustainable future. Also, the results constituted an excellent starting point to work, in a pioneering way, in the field of the SDGs from a heritage perspective.
Cultural Heritage: Educating the Next Generation Case Study Analysis of the Center of Preservation Research
Authors: Vlahos Ekaterini
Published: September 2022

University Centers combined with specialized degree programs may provide a framework for faculty and students to engage in traditional and applied research and hands-on learning across disciplines. This paper will present a case study of the Center of Preservation Research development and its connection to students in the Master of Science in Historic Preservation program to create an experiential learning model. The focus is on educating the next generation of preservation practitioners, fostering an understanding of the region's historic environments and cultural landscapes, and becoming a resource for addressing preservation needs throughout the American West. Emphases are on the organization's development, structure and administration, areas of research activities and funding, and examples of projects that emerged from regional needs, classroom pedagogy, and partnerships with a broad external constituency in the public and private sectors, creating a nexus for discourse around heritage and historic preservation.
Conservation and restoration of timber architecture in the Czech Republic
Authors: Cernansky Martin
Published: September 2022

This paper concerns the techniques and methods used for the construction, preservation, and intervention of timber structures in the Czech Republic, built of logs and hewn logs in particular. Against the overall European background, the paper endeavors to find a sustainable approach to preserving these structures out of consideration for their character, credibility, and information value.
Studies and projects for the archaeological park of the Nuraghe s’Urachi (Sardinia, Italy). From knowledge for heritage conservation to project for the community
Authors: Novelli Francesco , Chiri Gian Marco
Published: September 2022

This piece of research regards the archaeological area of ​​the Nuraghe s'Urachi in San Vero Milis (OR- Sardinia, Italy). The site is probably one of the most significant and complex testimonies of the so-called "Nuragic civilization" in Sardinia (18th–11th century BC). Among the approximately eight thousand currently surviving "nuraghi”, the s'Urachi complex stands out for its pivotal role in the vast and important network of territorial relations that characterized central-western Sardinia during the Archaic period. Its crucial role in terms of its political, economic, social, and military importance is displayed by its considerable size. Today only seven of the ten perimetral towers are still visible, and of the central tower — originally over twenty-five meters high — only the base remains. However, from an archaeological point of view, the Nuraghe still constitutes one of the most interesting artifacts of the region. As part of a renewed collective interest in Nuragic sites, the area of ​​the excavations of s'Urachi is a candidate to host a new archaeological park whose formal and organizational characters are still to be defined (section 1.1). In August 2021, a workshop was organized and promoted as part of Accademia Adrianea in Rome Master's degree program on Architecture and Archaeology. The workshop focused on the site to envision four possible scenarios (section 2.1) for implementing and stimulating the preservation and conservation processes, as well as to enhance the archaeological area in accord with the municipal administration and the local community. The process of rediscovery, participation, sharing, and final "reappropriation" of this heritage's tangible and intangible value represents one of the fundamental objectives this article intends to outline.
The role of craftsmanship in the conservation of Venice. State of the art and perspective
Authors: Trovo' Francesco , Vettore Enrico
Published: September 2022

The case of Venice shows how the overall image, the perception of vernacularity of the historical built aggregates, strongly depends on the ability not only to preserve as much as possible, but also to "replicate" the consolidated building techniques to ensure continuity with the actions of restoration and consolidation. This option also contemplates forms of substitution and refurbishment, in contrast with the principles of conservation which favor the criterion of recognizability of the addition and reject the replacement of components, even when executed in an appropriate and harmonious manner, often the only option possible when attempting to preserve the Venetian character of the city’s buildings.The most pressing issue is that of the progressive disappearance of local craftsmanship. This is particularly dramatic in the case of Venice, where specific knowledge is needed in order to carry out interventions on elements of historical buildings. The objectives of protection are also of relevance in this case as they present particular difficulty for foreign workers or workers who have completed different training. In this regard, this text examines the measures implemented to counteract this phenomenon, particularly the effectiveness and role of each of the hypotheses examined, already partially addressed in the city, training courses for artisans and technicians; public subsidies and incentives and the role of the authorities.
Wind and the villages in Rincón de Ademuz, Spain
Authors: Ji Wenhao , Mileto Camilla , Vegas López-Manzanares Fernando
Published: September 2022

This study focuses on a sustainable system which makes it possible for the villages in the region of Rincón de Ademuz to have stood within their natural environment for over two thousand years. For this analysis the study has focused specifically on the wind factor. The dry weather and the wind trajectory make it possible to create a comfortable living environment in the villages. This research analyzed the position of a building unit in order to offer a clear representation of the relationship between wind and these villages.
Pendampingan Pengelolaan Media Pembelajaran AUD pada Guru TK Mutiara Aida Kota Kendari
Authors: Amaludin Roni , Husnawati Husnawati , Astika Yuli , Usman Usman , Idhayani Nurul , Dewi Fitriani Ribani Wiwin
Published: September 2022

Belajar melalui bermain adalah prinsip yang penting dalam pengelolaan media pembelajaran pada anak usia dini. Dengan bermain seluruh aspek perkembangan anak dapat terstimulasi. Oleh karena itu, bermain untuk anak usia dini membutuhkan perencanaan yang matang. Tujuan kegiatan pengabdian pada masyarakat ini adalah untuk memberikan pendampingan tentang: 1) pembelajaran yang sesuai untuk pendidikan anak usia dini, 2) untuk meningkatkan kualitas pengelolaan media pembelajaran. Proses pendampingan menggunakan metode pengamatan, Pendekatan Kualitatif, Wawancara dan Focus Group Discation (FGD), Workshop. Untuk mencapai tujuan tersebut, maka dilakukan beberapa kegiatan meliputi 1) pengamatan awal pelaksanaan pembelajaran dan membuat alat permainan edukatif, 2) melaksanakan pembelajaran dan evaluasi. Kegiatan pengabdian ini dilaksanakan di TK Mutiara AIDA yang berada di Kelurahan Baruga, Kecamatan Baruga Kota Kendari. Hasil dari kegiatan ini adalah terwujudnya pembelajaran yang sesuai dengan pedoman pembelajaran anak usia dini dengan tersedianya alat media edukatif pembelajaran pendidikan anak usia dini.
Effect of Conflict Management on Profitability and Employee Performance of Deposit Money Banks in Ekiti State
Authors: Olukayode Adebowale Israel
Published: September 2022

The study examined effect of conflict management osn profitability and employee performance of deposit money banks in Ekiti state. Descriptive survey research design was adopted. The population size for this study consists of 773 members of staff in all deposit money banks in Ekiti state. The sample size for the study consists of 773 total populations since it was not cumbersome to cover. A well structure questionnaire was used to collect data for the study. The face and content validity of the instrument was ensured by experts. The data collected from the pilot study was calculated using Cronbach’s Alpha techniques and Reliability co-efficient 0.80 was obtained and the co-efficient were considered high enough for reliability. From the 773 total questionnaire distributed, 58 were not returned as some were not properly filled. The research question was analysed with Descriptive statistics such as frequency count, mean and standard deviation. Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was used to test the hypothesis formulated at 0.05 level of significance. The finding revealed that conflict management has significant effect on the profitability and employee performance in deposit money banks in Ekiti state. The study concluded that in the money deposit bank, if conflict is not well managed, it will have negative effect on the portability and employees’ performance. The outcome of this study led to this recommendation among other that: A well packaged and thorough bred organizational culture should be made to improve on the styles in handling conflict in banking industries in order to improve profitability and quality of services, as well as promoting better human relations between management and employees.
Information Technology Risk Management Analysis Using ISO: 31000 at PT. XYZ
Authors: Putri Vania Rizqita , Wijaya Agustinus Fritz
Published: September 2022

XYZ is one of the branch offices of banking subsidiaries in Indonesia that focuses on providing leasing facilities, investment and working capital. As a company, PT. XYZ is inseparable in the use of information technology which gives rise to various possible risks that exist. Therefore, it is necessary to have an analysis of information technology risk management in PT. XYZ. Through this research, it is hoped that it can help PT. XYZ in identifying possible risks that occur to the company, as well as actions that must be taken in the face of such risks. The framework used in this study is the ISO 31000 framework. Based on the results of this study, 13 possible risks that have low risk levels (R01, R02, R03, R04, R05, R07, R08, R12, R13, R15, R16, R20 and R21 ), 6 possible risks that have medium risk levels (R06, R09, R10, R11, R14 and R18), as well as 2 possible risks that have high risk levels (R17 and R19). In addition, a risk treatment proposal was produced that can be used as a reference by PT. XYZ to minimize losses caused by these risks.
Revitalisasi Pasar Tradisional di Kota Makassar
Authors: Arni Arni
Published: September 2022

Pasar adalah tempat pertemuan pembeli dan penjual di Indonesia tumbuh dan berkembang sangat pesat, namun perkembangan pasar modern jauh lebih cepat dibandingkan pasar tradisional. Sementara pasar tradisional masih bertahan dengan pola yang lama sehingga dengan fakta ini menjadi salah satu alasan utama mengapa pembeli cenderung berbelanja di pasar modern yang lebih memberikan pelayanan dan fasilitas yang lebih baik. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian adalah metode kualitatif yang berarti bahwa penelitian dilakukan untuk memahami fenomena yang dialami subjek penelitian. Penelitian dilakukan di pasar tradisional Daya Kota Makassar. Informan pada penelitian ini adalah pembeli dan penjual Kota Makassar. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pasar tradisional Daya Kota Makassar memang tidak dipungkiri sangat berpotensi sebagai tempat untuk meningkatkan taraf perekonomian terutama bagi pedagang yang berjualan di dalam pasar tradisional Daya Kota Makassar tersebut. Namun yang masih menjadi kekurangan dan sekaligus menghambat laju atau peningkatan pendapatan ekonomi dari pedagang tersebut adalah fasilitas yang tidak mendukung sehingga juga berdampak pada kurangnya pengunjung yang kemudian berakibat pula pada kurangnya pendapatan pedagang di pasar tradisional Daya Kota Makassar.