bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Revitalisasi Bahasa Indonesia melalui Neologisme dalam Penulisan Artikel Jurnal Bidang IPTEK
Authors: Sulistiyarini Siti , Masrukhi Moh.
Published: May 2024

This research aims to determine the use of neologisms to revitalize the Indonesian language in writing journal articles in science and technology and to describe the types of morphological processes of the forms of neologisms found. This research uses descriptive methods with a mixed approach. The data used are science and technology terms, including Indonesian neologisms in science and technology journal articles indexed by Sinta 2, which were collected using reading and note-taking techniques. Morphosemantic study to see the process of forming neologisms in science and technology and the changes in meaning that occur. As a result, three types of morphological processes were found that were used to form neologisms in science and technology: composition, affixation, and abbreviation. Then, the aim of forming neologisms is predominantly as equivalent forms of terms from foreign languages. This also supports the revitalization of the Indonesian language.
A Comparative Analysis of Stand-up Comedy in Contemporary China and A Collection of Classic Chinese Jokes
Authors: Wang Aiqing
Published: May 2024

Notwithstanding the fact that ?? youmo ‘humour’ is a neologism and transliteration coined in the 1920s, the conception has been existing in Chinese civilisation for millennia. The earliest extant treatise on humour in Chinese literature is regarded to be an anthology ?? Xiao Lin ‘The Forest of Laughs’ cumulated circa 2ndc CE, yet the most illustrious pre-modern jestbook is a 1791 assemblage entitled ???? Xiao Lin Guang Ji ‘A Collection of Classic Chinese Jokes’. In the 2000s, stand-up comedy entered China’s entertainment market as a niche cultural import, though it was, and still is, mistranslated into ??? tuokouxiu ‘talk show’. Recently, stand-up comedy attains visibility in China by means of phenomenal online programmes. I postulate that Chinese stand-up comedy is featured by unique attributes, in that it is disparate from ‘A Collection of Classic Chinese Jokes’ and the traditional theatrical comedy called ?? xiangsheng ‘cross-talk’, and it is not parallel to its equivalent in the West either. To be more specific, being subject to stringent censorship, stand-up comedy in China is circumspect about content appertaining to (homo)sexual titillation and supernaturalism. Nonetheless, I posit that in terms of inducing humorous effects, contemporary stand-up comedy still evinces similitude to ‘A Collection of Classic Chinese Jokes’ from phonetic, semantic and pragmatic perspectives.
CAMPUR KODE BAHASA INDONESIA PADA TUTURAN BERBAHASA SUNDA DALAM FILM “AMBU” KARYA FARID DERMAWAN
Authors: Novianti Isnaini , Riadi Sugeng
Published: May 2024

Tujuan menganalisis bahasa yang digunakan dalam film “Ambu” karya Farid Dermawan dengan campur kode. Menganalisis bentuk campur kode dalam dialog film “Ambu” Karya Farid Dermawan. Bahasa merupakan ungkapan yang mengandung maksud untuk menyampaikan sesuatu kepada orang lain. Bahasa adalah alat komunikasi yang digunakan oleh sesama manusia dalam berinteraksi melalui pertukaran simbol linguistik baik secara verbal maupun nonverbal, oleh karena itu bahasa diartikan sebagai alat komunikasi antar manusia. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kualitatif, artinya penelitian ini menganalisis data dan hasil datanya berupa analisis. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan teori Abdul Chaer yang berfokus pada jenis campur kode dalam film berupa kata dan kalimat dalam dialog. Teknik pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini adalah teknik studi kepustakaan.  Adapun manfaat dalam artikel ini yaitu manfaat teoritis hasil penelitina diharapkan dapat memberikan sumbangan ilmu pengetahuan khusunya tentang campur kode. Dan manfaat praktis yaitu hasil penelitian diharpkan seabagi informasi pemahaman bagi pembaca dan penonton film tersebut. Dari analisis tersebut, ditemukan jenis campur kode dalam kata dan kalimat dalam film. Dalam film ini menggunakan dua bahasa yaitu bahasa Indonesia dan bahasa Sunda. Film ini menggunakan dua bahasa yaitu Bahasa Indonesia dan Bahasa Sunda.
DOMINASI MASKULIN DALAM NOVEL DEAR ALLAH KARYA DIANA FEBIANTRIA: PERSPEKTIF PIERRE BOURDIEU
Authors: Busthomy Henky Fairuz , Khotimah Khusnul
Published: May 2024

AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan aspek dominasi maskulin yang terdapat pada novel Dear Allah karya Diana Febiantria. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif. Kerangka berpikir yang digunakan berdasarkan perspektif Pierre Bourdieu mengenai dominasi maskulin. Data dianalisis dengan cara teknik baca dan catat. Novel dibaca secara cermat, kemudian dicari data-data yang sesuai dengan fokus penelitian. Novel Dear Allah memuat nilai-nilai yang relevan dengan kehidupan terutama yang berkaitan dengan dominasi maskulinitas. Stereotip yang berkembang di tengah masyarakat menyebutkan jika laki-laki selalu berada satu level lebih unggul di atas perempuan. Namun, stereotip tersebut tidak dipahami secara benar, sehingga tindak kekerasan, ketidakadilan, dan pelecehan yang dilakukan oleh laki-laki sebagai pihak dominan dipandang sebagai sesuatu yang lazim. Oleh karena itu, melalui penelitian ini, peneliti ingin membuka mata masyarakat untuk melihat dari perspektif yang lain. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat tiga bentuk dominan maskulin yang ditemukan dalam novel ini, yaitu tentang ciri fisik, ciri sifat, dan pekerjaan. Dalam novel tersebut penulis lebih menonjolkan ciri sifat laki-laki yang bersikap egois dan kurang peka terhadap perempuan. Penulis juga banyak menggambarkan posisi perempuan sebagai sosok yang sering diperlakukan secara tidak adil.
POLA DERET KONSONAN BAHASA SUNDA DIALEK TASIK
Authors: Rahmah Annisa , Zakiyah Salma
Published: May 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan pola deret konsonan dalam bahasa Sunda dialek Tasikmalaya. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif kualitatif. Objek yang dikaji dalam penelitian ini adalah bahasa Sunda dialek Tasikmalaya. Data dalam penelitian ini berupa kosakata dalam bahasa Sunda dialek Tasikmalaya. Sumberdata dalam penelitian ini berupa hasil wawancara dengan narasumber dan daftar kosakata bahasa Sunda dialek Tasikmalaya.. Pengumpulan data yang dipakai dalam penelitian ini adalah teknik wawancara, dokumentasi, simak dan catat. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa deret konsonan dalam bahasa Sunda dialek Tasikmalaya dapat terjadi pada dua konsonan dan tiga konsonan. Selain itu, dalam penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat deret konsonan bahasa Sunda dialek Tasikmalaya, tetapi tidak ada di dalam deret konsonan bahasa Indonesia
ANALISIS FAKTOR - FAKTOR PENYEBAB GANGGUAN BERBICARA PADA ANAK
Authors: Mulyani Ade Nur , Siagian Irwan
Published: May 2024

Gangguan bicara pada anak adalah jenis gangguan komunikasi di mana anak mengalami kesulitan saat menggunakan simbol apa pun dalam bahasa tersebut. Gangguan bicara pada anak terjadi karena gangguan pada sistem saraf atau karena kelainan organ terkait yang berkaitan dengan proses penggunaan bahasa dan ucapan anak, karena cedera atau trauma pada masa prenatal, natal dan pascanatal. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor penyebab keterlambatan bicara, serta kasus anak dengan gangguan bicara dan bahasa. Penelitian yang digunakan adalah pendekatan kualitatif. Metode pengumpulan data menggunakan media telepon dan pengambilan video dengan cara mewawancarai subjek penelitian dan orang terdekat yang terlibat. Dari hasil penelitian tersebut faktor penyebab anak memiliki gangguan berbicara, yaitu belum meratanya kosa kata yang didapat, tidak didampingi oleh pengenalan huruf dan pelafalan yang mendasar mengenai benar atau salahnya pengucapan, pembiasaan yang belum dimaksimalkan orang tua, dan juga media yang digunakan sang anak sebagai model yang ditiru untuk menemaninya dalam berbicara.
ANALISIS KAJIAN FONOLOGI PADA ANAK USIA 0-1 TAHUN DALAM PEMEROLEHAN BAHASA
Authors: Ismiati Mia
Published: May 2024

Bayi dalam beberapa bulan akan mengalami perkembangan berbicara mulai dari menangis, berteriak, pengucapan satu kata hingga satu kalimat bahkan satu paragraf. Jika melihat realita saat ini menunjukan kemampuan anak dalam memperoleh bahasa masih lemah. Untuk itulah, peneliti bertujuan untuk mengetahui pemahaman yang mendalam terkait dengan panggilan pertama dari anak untuk orang tuanya dalam kajian fonologi dan psikologi. Dalam tahapan perkembangan bicaranya, kira-kira panggilan apakah yang lebih dulu terucap dari bibir kecilnya itu? Apakah ayah atau ibu yang menjadi kata pertamanya? Apakah benar bahwa anak lebih dulu bisa memanggil “Ayah” dibanding “Ibu”? dan apakah hal itu terjadi begitu saja, atau adakah faktor yang mempengaruhi di balik pengalaman pertama si kecil dalam memanggil orang tuanya. Juga apakah orang tua berperan dalam menentukan perbedaan kemampuan anak untuk memanggil orang tuanya. Walaupun seiring berjalannya waktu, nantinya anak juga bisa memanggil orang tuanya dengan panggilan lengkap. Orang tua seharusnya memahami tahap-tahap berkembangan bahasa anak sepenuhnya dan mengetahui perannya dalam memberi stimulus perkembangan bahasa anak.
KRITIK SOSIAL TOKOH KALSITA DALAM NOVEL MALAM UNTUK SOE HOK GIE KARYA HERLINATIENS
Authors: Saputra Agung , Dewi Desyarini Puspita
Published: May 2024

Kiritik sosial lahir atas permasalahan penting yang ada di tengah masyarakat begitupula karya sastra tercipta dari hubungan pengarang dengan masyarakat. Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh temuan bentuk kritik sosial yang terdapat pada novel Malam untuk Soe Hok Gie karya Herlinatiens. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan bentuk-bentuk kritik sosial yang terdapat dalam novel Malam untuk Soe Hok Gie karya Herlinatiesn. Penelitian ini menggunakan merode deskriptif kualitatif mengadopsi teori soenjono dengan tinjauan sosiologi sastra. Data penelitian ini berupa kata, kalimat, maupun paragraf yang mengandung kritik sosial. Adapun sumber penelitian ini yaitu novel Malam untuk Soe Hok Gie karya Helinatiens. Teknik pengumpulan data dengan teknik baca dan catat. Proses penelitian ini yaitu dengan membaca novel berulang-ulang dilanjutkan dengan mencatat isi keseluruhan teks yang mengandung kritik sosial. Metode analisis data yang digunakan adalah reduksi data, display data, verifikasi data dengan cara menganalisis isi novel yang mengandung kritik sosial mengunakan teori Soerjono Soekanto tinjauan sosiologi sastra. Hasil penelitian ini dipaparkan sebagai berikut : (1) Masalah kemiskinan, (2) Masalah kejahatan, (3) Masalah disorganisasi keluarga, (4) Masalah generasi muda, (5) Masalah peperangan, (6) Pelanggaran terhadap norma-norma masyarakat, (7) Masalah lingkungan hidup, dan (8) Masalah birokrasi.
PENGARUH MODEL PEMBELAJARAN PROJECT BASED LEARNING BERBANTUAN MEDIA TIKTOK TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN MENULIS TEKS IKLAN
Authors: Octaviani Dea , Khaerunnisa Khaerunnisa
Published: May 2024

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh penggunaan media sosial tiktok belum digunakan dalam proses pembelajaran. Hal tersebut disebabkan peserta didik tidak disarankan untuk membawa gawai ke sekolah. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh model pembelajaran Project Based Learning berbantuan media tiktok dan mengetahui besaran perbedaan kemampuan peserta didik dalam menulis teks iklan. Penelitian ini dilakukan di SMP Negeri 14 Tangerang Selatan pada kelas VIII 9 (kelas eksperimen) yang berjumlah 40 peserta didik dan kelas VIII 8 (kelas kontrol) yang berjumlah 40 peserta didik pada materi teks iklan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantiitatif dengan metode eksperimen True Experimental Design. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam pengumpulan data berupa posttest pada akhir pembelajaran di kelas eksperimen dan kontrol. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan pada kemampuan menulis teks iklan peserta didik kelas VIII SMP Negeri 14 Tangerang Selatan, sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa penggunaan model pembelajaran Project Based Learning berbantuan media tiktok memiliki pengaruh signifikan. Hal ini dibuktikan dari nilai signifikansi hasil uji independent samples test dengan taraf Sig. (2-tailed) sebesar 0,048 < 0,05, maka dinyatakan signifikansi atau Ho ditolak Ha diterima dengan besaran perbedaan 18%.
Investment trends of digital multinational enterprises
Authors: SMIRNOV Valerii V. , USHAKOVA Elizaveta S. , KARPOVA Anna S.
Published: May 2024

Subject. The article addresses the investment trends of digital multinational enterprises (MNEs), which, at the present stage, form the most dynamic segment of the market and enter FDI markets with minimal financial investments.
Objectives. The aim is to investigate the nature of investments by digital MNEs, in particular, with the information on mergers and acquisitions, investments in new projects, and in the refinancing markets for foreign direct investment, including the internationalization of the global market, both segmentally and geographically, and to assess the scale of digital enterprises.
Methods. The study draws on theoretical and empirical methods, i.e. statistical, comparative analysis, and the systems approach.
Results. Our analysis shows that the Internationalization Index in the digital economy increased by 30%. The total share of foreign direct investment in terms of the share of sales abroad to the corresponding share of assets has increased significantly over the past 5 years. This is connected with reduced number of participants in the digital solutions market due to the doubling of business volumes.
Conclusions. Large digital MNEs are dominant players in the global market, and their investment decisions are mainly motivated by the need to protect the business and ensure the introduction of innovations, rather than the coverage of foreign customers.
A avaliação na visão de futuros professores
Authors: Garcia Paulo , Brito Carlos Alexandre Felício
Published: May 2024

Este estudo objetivou explorar os elementos que dificultam o aprendizado em avaliação de futuros professores de Pedagogia. Com base na pesquisa mista, com a primeira fase qualitativa, identificaram-se elementos que indicam dificuldades no processo de aprendizagem e foram feitas entrevistas com 14 alunas de cursos de Pedagogia. Na segunda fase, quantitativa, utilizou-se um questionário, com 307 estudantes, com uma escala do tipo Likert para coletar informações sobre as dificuldades. Os dados revelaram que os elementos dificultadores estavam mais associados aos domínios dos professores e do design do curso. O estudo auxilia a entender as complexidades do processo de ensino e aprendizagem e serve ao duplo propósito de informar a natureza e o alcance das mudanças a serem realizadas e a direção específica de iniciativas para a formação continuada.
Palavras-chave: Avaliação. Futuros professores. Pedagogia.
Reservoir Modelling and Production Forecasting for Zubair Formation in the Kifl Field
Authors: Abdullah Farah Taha , Al-Jawad Mohammed Saleh
Published: May 2024

Kifl is a small exploratory field located in central Iraq. This field was not developed, and the reservoir behavior under production conditions was not explored. Building a reservoir model is essential in developing an oil field as it enables the prediction of reservoir performance under different production conditions. This study focused on constructing a reservoir model for the Zubair formation in the Kifl field using available reservoir data and empirical equations to fill in any gaps and then developing the field by suggesting production scenarios. It is important to validate the model to ensure its accuracy before using it in the development plan. The reservoir model was initialized with primary data, such as initial pressure, fluid properties, and datum depth. The model was validated using well-test data of well KF-4 to match the amount of oil and water produced and bottom-hole pressure. Finally, several production scenarios were proposed, involving drilling vertical, horizontal, and single lateral wells, with production gradually increasing in each case. The five cases proposed for field oil production are 3166, 5000, 10000, 15000, and 20000 STB/d, and the production stability was monitored over the proposed development period.
Mineralogy and Geochemistry of Al-Na'ma area Sand Dunes, Southeastern Tikrit, Northern Iraq
Authors: Taha Taher M. , Mohammed Amaar J. , Rasheed Riyad M.
Published: May 2024

Surface sediment characters and understanding the earth's surface processes are very interesting global research topics. The region in southeastern Tikrit city is characterized by the spread of large surface sediment from aeolian deposited types and dunes. These dunes were investigated to understand the origin of these dunes. For this purpose, grain size analysis, XRD, XRF, and heavy mineral analyses were conducted. Results indicate that these sand dunes in the study area are mainly composed of coarse particles such as sand (especially fine sand) with a percentage more than fine particles (mud), and the fine sand fraction is the predominant class. The sand grains are characterized by also negative value of skewness (strongly coarse skewed), moderately sorted, and leptokurtic. The normal distribution curve shows a unimodal type for most samples, reflecting one potential sediment source.Mineralogically, quartz is the main mineral composition of this sand, in addition to other minerals such as feldspar, clay minerals, calcite, dolomite, and gypsum. The identified heavy minerals in these samples were tourmaline, garnet, zircon, kyanite, chlorite, rutile, hornblende, and olivine. Regarding the geochemistry, the distribution of major oxides and trace elements in these samples area showed high SiO2 and TiO2 and low content of Na2O. UCC-normalization reveals enrichment of CaO, Cr, and Cl and depletion of other trace elements.
Optical Recognition System of Non-Dotted Arabic Letters
Authors: Kadhim Ahlam M. , Jawad Huda M. , Kadhum Farah Jawad , Al-Zuky Ali A.
Published: May 2024

Writing with Arabic characters is a very sensitive operation because some characters are vertically nested and written in multiple ways. The infinite variety of font styles and sizes poses many challenges when designing Arabic recognition systems. In this article, we used deep learning to build an Arabic recognition system that could recognize dotted letters. Our dataset contains 3000 color images for ten letters ( م ,و ,ل ,ع , ,ص ,س,ح ,و ,ط ,ر د ). The training stage was achieved through 2250 images (10 classes) of this data, and 750 images were used for the validation stage. The classification accuracy of our proposed model is 98.67 percent. Experimental results show that Arabic font styles (Diwani, Hacent Dalal, Times New Roman, B Tanabe, and Kofi) have the best classification accuracy, so they are the preferred styles to use in Arabic writing texts. The font sizes 28, 36, 48, and 72 are the letters that have been classified with 100% rate accuracy using our trained model, so they are the font styles preferred to use in writing Arabic texts.
Automatic Tuning of the PID Controller Based on the Artificial Gorilla Troops Optimizer
Authors: Abbas Israa Ahmed , Khamees Muntadher
Published: May 2024

Tuning a PID controller is a crucial task in control engineering to achieve optimal performance of the system. However, manual tuning of PID parameters can be inaccurate and difficult without extensive experience. One approach to tuning the PID controller is by utilizing heuristic algorithms. These algorithms are based on natural phenomena and can efficiently search for the optimal set of PID parameters. Therefore, utilizing met heuristic algorithms for tuning PID controllers can significantly improve the system's performance and reduce costs associated with manual tuning. In this paper, a new method for tuning parameters of the PID controller of DC motors using a hybrid adaptive PID_GTO predictive model based on the artificial gorilla troop optimizer algorithm (GTO) is proposed. The empirical results are compared based on four types of error indicator functions: integral time squared error (ITSE), integral time absolute error (ITAE), integral absolute error (IAE), and integral squared error (ISE), as well as with other previously published techniques in the literature, such as the Ziegler-Nichols and PSO Optimizer algorithms. The empirical results show that this method outperforms other techniques in improving steady-state error, stability, overshoot, rising time, and settling time of the DC motor.
The Role of IL-37 in allergic Rhinitis, Asthma and Urticaria Diseases in Samples of Iraqi patients
Authors: Kadhem Ashwaq A.
Published: May 2024

Interleukin 37 (IL37) is an anti-inflammatory cytokine, secreted by monocytes, macrophages, and epithelial cells, which suppress the immune system through binding to one of the receptors and co-receptors of the IL-1R family. Different allergic disease phenotypes may be related to different biomarkers, and many mechanisms involve in the pathogenesis of allergic inflammations, so it is wealthy to study different cytokines to understand their effect on allergic diseases. Blood specimens were obtained from patients attending the Allergic Specialized Center/Baghdad-Resafa 74 patients with allergic diseases (rhinitis patients 24, asthma patients 26, urticaria patients 24 (37 men and 37 women) and 14 healthy control subjects (7 men and 7 women). Total and differential counts of WBC were determined, and total immunoglobulin E (IgE), and IL-37 concentration in serum were measured by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay ELISA. IL-37 levels were decreased in all types of patients whether in male or female in comparison with the control group with significant differences (p<0.05), that’s may due to the inactive signaling of IL-37 which leads to inflammatory diseases, through Th2 activation and secrete allergic pro-inflammatory cytokines that contribute to exacerbation pathogenesis of allergic diseases.
Anticonvulsant activities of the methanol crude extract and fractions of the leaf Solanum americanum (S.a.) in pentylenetetrazole and 4-amino pyridine induced seizure in white albino rats
Authors: Nwabiani Rita , Ogbuagu Adaora S. , Okerulu Isaac O.
Published: May 2024

This research investigated the anticonvulsant effect of the crude extract and fractions of Solanum americanum’s (S.a.) leaves on seizures induced by pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) and 4- amino pyridinein albino rats to authenticate the use of the leaves in the treatment of epilepsy in South -Eastern Nigeria. The leaves of S.a were extracted with methanol and fractionated using n-hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol. The parameters observed were onset of convulsions in minutes, duration of clonic phase in minutes, percentage protection from seizures and mortality. The anticonvulsant tests were carried out using 60 (sixty) white albino rats (weighing 80-136 g) of both sexes, varying concentrations of both methanol extracts and fractions (12.5, 25.0, 50.0, 100 and 200 mg/kg b.w.) were administered to the rats after which convulsion were induced in the rats using 9.0 mg/kg of PTZ and 1.5 mg/kg 4-amino pyridine on different groups (35 and 25) of rats respectively. The results of the various groups were compared with the control group and significance was analyzed by one-way ANOVA. The acute toxicity test was conducted at a dose of 3000 mg/kg. At a peak dose of 200 mg/kg methanol crude extract, hexane and methanol fraction in PTZ model protected the animals from seizure at 89.30%, 100%, 100% but gave 80%, 80% and 60% protection from mortality respectively. Hexane fraction (12.5, 25, 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg) protected the rats against mortality at 20%, 40%, 60%, 60% and 80% respectively, while no anticonvulsant activities were detected in ethyl acetate fraction. Differences among the means and standard deviation was statistically significant at P < 0.05.The acute toxicity test showed that the leaf of S.a. is non-toxic. The result obtained substantiated the use of the leaf of Solanum americanum ethnobotanically as anticonvulsant.
Merek Sunan Drajat Garam Sehat Berkhasiat sebagai Merek yang Tidak Dapat Didaftarkan
Authors: Neviar Amira Emor  , Dian Purnamasari
Published: May 2024

Terdapat inefektivitas hukum berkaitan dengan syarat-syarat merek yang tidak bisa didaftarkan dan dapat ditolak sesuai yang termaktub pada Bab keempat Undang-Undang Nomor 20 Tahun 2016 tentang Merek dan Indikasi Geografis (UU MIG). Karya ilmiah hukum ini membahas permasalahan terkait apakah Merek ‘Sunan Drajat – Garam Sehat Berkhasiat’ dapat dikategorikan sebagai merek yang tidak diterima berdasarkan UU MIG karena mengandung unsur nama orang terkenal dan mencerminkan produk berkhasiat. Penelitian ini menerapkan metode hukum normatif dan bersifat deskriptif dengan mengandalkan data sekunder yang dikumpulkan melalui studi kepustakaan. Pengolahan data dilakukan secara kualitatif, sementara kesimpulan ditarik menggunakan logika deduktif. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ditemukan terdapat ketidaksesuaian dalam implementasi UU MIG terutama Pasal 20 dan 21 dalam memproses permohonan merek di Indonesia, merek “Sunan Drajat – Garam Sehat Berkhasiat” merupakan merek dengan nama orang terkenal yang sepatutnya ditolak permohonan pendaftarannya dan merek tersebut juga menggunakan kata Berkhasiat yang mana khasiatnya perlu ditelaah lebih lanjut, sebab akan menyebabkan kerancuan jika keterangannya tidak sesuai dan berakibat pada merek yang tidak dapat didaftarkan di Direktorat Merek dan Indikasi Geografis berdasarkan Pasal 20 huruf d UU MIG.
Perbandingan Pengaturan dan Implementasi Doktrin Fiduciary Duty di Indonesia dan Singapura
Authors: Alya Nabita Az-zahra  , Sri Bakti Yunari
Published: May 2024

Doktrin fiduciary duty adalah doktrin modern Perseroan Terbatas yang diatur pada Undang-Undang Nomor 40 Tahun 2007 mengenai Perseroan Terbatas yang selanjutnya disebut dengan UUPT. Sementara di Singapura, Fiduciary Duty diatur dalam Singapore Companies Act yang selanjutnya disebut SCA. Pokok permasalahan penelitian ini yakni bagaimana keteapan Doktrin fiduciary duty di Indonesia serta Singapura dan bagaimana implementasi Doktrin fiduciary duty di Indonesia serta Singapura. Tipe penelitian yang digunakan yaitu penelitian normatif, deskriptif, data sekunder, dianalisis secara kualitatif, penarikan kesimpulan deduktif. Berlandaskan analisis, adanya persamaan dan perbedaan pada UUPT dan SCA. Diharapkan untuk selanjutnya, sebaiknya pengaturan doktrin fiduciary duty diatur secara jelas dan rinci dalam UUPT dan SCA.
The World as Abyss
Authors: Culp Andrew , Rigaud Shauna , Pugh Jonathan , Chandler David , Stafford Richard Todd
Published: May 2024

Andrew Culp and Cultural Studies Association’s Black and Race Studies Working Group Co-Host Shauna Rigaud discuss The World as Abyss: The Caribbean and Critical Thought in the Anthropocene (University of Westminster Press, 2023) with authors Jonathan Pugh and David Chandler. This podcast is accompanied by a scholarly commentary by Richard T. Stafford.
Pulmonary Injury as a Complication of Urinary Tract Infection in Pregnancy
Authors: Hafez Wael , Al Shareef Jalal , Alyoussef Afraa , Ghanem Mirvat , Abazid Reem Rizk , Yadav Antesh , Rashid Asrar , Sayfoo Fardeen Mohammad , Venkataramani Sneha , Restrepo Pamela Orozco , Elkott Mohamed Maher , Lakshman Vikram Satish , Arief Taahira , Mohammed Alaa Gamal , Abdulaal Fatema , Hossam Yossef
Published: May 2024

Background and Objective

Pulmonary injuries resulting from urinary tract infections (UTIs) during pregnancy are rare. Prompt detection of pulmonary complications in pregnant patients with UTIs is crucial to prevent adverse outcomes in both the mother and the fetus. These complications may include respiratory issues, pulmonary edema, and exacerbation of preexisting conditions, such as asthma. We aimed to detect reported cases of pulmonary injury after UTIs among pregnancies.

Methods

We retrospectively reviewed the reported cases and articles in the PubMed database up to September 2023 on pulmonary injury after UTIs among pregnancies through a detailed search strategy. The titles and abstracts of the selected 15 articles were assessed, and ultimately, 7 articles were chosen based on adherence to our inclusion and exclusion criteria.

Results

Approximately 1–2% of women may develop acute pyelonephritis due to persistent UTIs, which has been associated with an increased risk of pulmonary edema in certain cases. UTIs can affect pulmonary health. Uremia, a consequence of UTIs, can lead to alterations in the respiratory drive, mechanics, muscle function, and gas exchange. Furthermore, urinary infection–induced inflammation activates neutrophils and promotes their recruitment to the lungs, compromising lung function and damaging the surrounding tissue.

Conclusion and Global Health Implications

Although systematic research on this topic is limited, there may be a link between UTIs and pulmonary damage. However, it remains unclear whether pregnancy exacerbates this association. For maternal health, child health, and the whole public health, it is important to raise awareness of physicians and gynecologists, as well as the different specialties like emergency and intensive care units, with more information about pulmonary injury after UTI in pregnancy; it is important to note that UTIs may not directly cause pulmonary complications, but physiological changes associated with pregnancy can increase this risk, so more care, observation, early detection, and treatment are critical for treating these complications and achieving best outcome in pregnant women with UTIs. More research is needed in this area, as the mechanism underlying the existence of pulmonary damage post-UTI in pregnancy is unclear.
Facial nerve electrical motor evoked potential in cerebellopontine angle tumors for its anatomical and functional preservation
Authors: Khan Mohammad Mazhar , Dutta Abinash , Rajappa Deepak , Mallik Dattatraya , Baldoncini Matias , Rangel Carlos Castillo , Chaurasia Bipin
Published: May 2024

Background:

Among the technical measures to preserve facial nerve (FN) function, intraoperative neuromonitoring has become mandatory and is constantly being scrutinized. Hence, to determine the efficacy of FN motor evoked potentials (FNMEPs) in predicting long-term motor FN function following cerebellopontine angle (CPA) tumor surgery, an analysis of cases was done.

Methods:

In 37 patients who underwent CPA surgery, FNMEPs through corkscrew electrodes positioned at C5-C6 and C6-C5 (C is the central line of the brain as per 10–20 EEG electrode placement) were used to deliver short train stimuli and recorded from the orbicularis oculi, oris, and mentalis muscles.

Results:

In 58 patients, triggered electromyography (EMG) was able to identify the FN during resection of tumor, but 8 out of these (4.64%) patients developed new facial weakness, whereas 3 out of 38 (1.11%) patients who had intact FN function MEP (decrement of FN target muscles – CMAPs amplitude peak to peak >50–60%), developed new facial weakness (House and Brackmann grade II to III).

Conclusion:

The FNMEP has significant superiority over triggered EMG when tumor is giant and envelops the FN.
Management of an intrathecal baclofen pump pocket empyema caused by a proximal vesicocutaneous fistula: A case report
Authors: Themistoklis Konstantinos Michail , Kossivas Alexandros , Korfias Stefanos , Papasilekas Themistoklis Ioannis
Published: May 2024

Background:

Intrathecal baclofen infusing pumps are nowadays commonly implanted in patients suffering from severe, intractable spasticity with a background of multiple sclerosis. Although intrathecal baclofen therapy is considered a safe therapeutic modality, complications are unavoidable and broadly categorized as mechanical and infectious. In the instance of a pump pocket infection, a surgical explanation of the pump is often necessary to treat the infection.

Case Description:

We present the rare case of a 60-year-old woman who was admitted emergently to our clinic with a subcutaneous pump pocket empyema caused by proximal vesicocutaneous fistulas. The patient underwent explantation of the pump and otherwise had an uncomplicated perioperative course.

Conclusion:

The surgical explanation of the baclofen pump and antibiotic treatment were sufficient to treat the pump pocket empyema in this instance. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of a pump pocket empyema formed in the proximity of a vesicocutaneous fistula.
Classification of tea by odor using method of ionization induced by laser plasma at atmospheric pressure
Authors: Тимакова С.И. , Кравец К.Ю. , Гречников А.А. , Пенто А.В.
Published: May 2024

Метод ионизации, индуцированной лазерной плазмой при атмосферном давлении, исследован для решения задачи классификации чая по запаху без пробоподготовки. Изучены образцы листового чая, относящиеся к девяти различным товарным наименованиям. Полученные масс-спектрометрические данные кластеризовали методами хемометрики без детальной покомпонентной интерпретации масс-спектров. Проведено сравнительное исследование шести методов: метода главных компонент, K-средних и иерархической кластеризации (методы «без учителя») и метода опорных векторов, логистической регрессии и нейронная сеть вида многослойный перцептрон (методы с предварительным обучением). Показано, что наиболее эффективным методом классификации образцов чая является логистическая регрессия в сочетании с рекурсивным устранением признаков с кросс-валидацией.
Impact of Socio-Demographic Variables on Maternal Breastfeeding Knowledge and Practices: A Cross-Sectional Investigation in The Gambia
Authors:   The University of The Gambia, School of Medicine, and Allied Health Sciences, Brikama Campus, Gambia, Bah Karamo , Barrow Amadou ,   The University of The Gambia, School of Medicine, and Allied Health Sciences, Brikama Campus, Gambia
Published: May 2024

Background: Despite substantial evidence emphasizing the importance of breastfeeding, there is room for improvement in its prevalence in The Gambia, which currently stands at approximately 80% - 90%. Globally recognized as the preferred approach to infant feeding, the World Health Organization (WHO) recommends exclusive breastfeeding for the first six months, followed by continued breastfeeding alongside complementary foods until the age of two years. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the knowledge and practice of breastfeeding among postnatal mothers attending antenatal care at Fajikunda Health Center (FkHC) in The Gambia. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at FkHC, involving a randomly selected sample of 500 maternal mothers. Data was collected through face-to-face interviews using both structured and unstructured questionnaires. Results: The study findings indicated that both the knowledge and practice of breastfeeding among maternal mothers were 99%. Most respondents were between the ages of 21 and 25, with 58% being married. Regarding education, 18% had primary education, 46% had secondary education, 20% had no formal education, and 16% had a diploma or university education. Additionally, 34% of the infants included in the study were less than one month old. Conclusion: The study concludes that maternal knowledge and practice of breastfeeding were high. Socio-demographic factors such as age, education, and occupation were found to significantly influence the knowledge and practice of breastfeeding among
Partial to Total Generation of 3D Transition Metal Complexes
Authors: Jin Hongni , Merz Kenneth M.
Published: May 2024

The design of transition metal complexes has drawn much attention over the years because of their important applications as metallodrugs and functional materials. In this work, we present an extension of our recently reported approach, LigandDiff. The new model, which we call multi-LigandDiff, is more flexible and greatly outperforms its predecessor. This scaffold-based diffusion model allows de novo ligand design either with existing ligands or without any ligand. Moreover, it allows users to predefine the denticity of the generated ligand. Our results indicate that multi-LigandDiff can generate well-defined ligands and has great transferability with regard to transition metals and coordination geometries. In terms of its application, multi-LigandDiff successfully designs 338 Fe(II) SCO complexes from only 47 experimentally validated SCO complexes. And these generated complexes are configurationally diverse and experimentally reasonable. Overall, the results show that multi-LigandDiff is an ideal tool to design novel transition metal complexes from scratch.
Co-translocational Unfolding of HP35 in MIL-101(Cr) MOF
Authors: Jash Oishika , Srivastava Anand , Balasubramanian Sundaram
Published: May 2024

The immobilization of enzymes in the cages of Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOF) is important in biotechnology. In this context, the mechanism of translocation of proteins through the cavities of the MOF and the roles played by confinement and MOF chemistry in giving rise to stable protein intermediates that are otherwise transiently populated in physiological environment are important questions to be addressed. Herein, these unexplored aspects are examined with Villin Headpiece (HP35) as a model protein confined within a mesopore of MIL-101(Cr) using molecular dynamics simulations. At equilibrium, the protein is located farther from the center of the cavity and closer to the MOF surface. Molecular interactions with the MOF leads to a partial unfolding of helix-1 at its N-terminus. Umbrella sampling simulations inform the range of conformations that HP35 undertakes during the translocation from one cavity to another and also provide the free energy differences at various stages of translocation. Relative to its equilibrium state within the cavity, the free energy barrier for the unfolded protein at the cage window is estimated to be 16 kcal/mol. This study of MOF-based protein conformation can also serve as a general approach to observing intermediates in folding-unfolding pathways.
Effect of seed priming treatment on seed germination of Allium cepa var.
aggregatum under laboratory condition
Authors: W.E. Wan Rozita , A.M. Farahzety , M.S. Nor Hazlina , Najah Y. , Mohd Zamri K.
Published: May 2024

Shallots (Allium cepa var. aggregatum) are a staple in most Malaysian dishes. Malaysia is
completely dependent on imports from abroad because there is no large-scale domestic
production. Malaysia needs domestically produced shallot seeds in order to reduce imports
and strengthen national food security situation. Therefore, MARDI has taken the initiative
to initiate a study on the adaptation and production of shallot seed varieties in lowland
cultivation. Shallot seeds have been successfully produced through induction techniques
and plant factory systems. However, the seeds had a low germination percentage and
produced low bulb quality. This problem can be overcome by using the seed priming
technique. The seed priming technique can overcome germination issues and improve the
quality of shallot bulbs. Therefore, a seed priming study was carried out under laboratory
condition to determine the most effective method to increase germination percentage.
Results revealed that priming shallot seeds with KNO3 solution and hydropriming for 24
hrs significantly enhanced mean germination time, mean germination rate, time to 50%
germination, germination index, shoot and root length.
ANALISIS KEKUATAN IMPACT KOMPOSIT POLYESTER BERPENGUAT SERBUK KAYU JATI DENGAN VARIASI FRAKSI VOLUME MATRIKS DAN REINFORCEMENT
Authors: Ariantika Kadek , Wiratmaja I Gede , Nugraha I Nyoman Pasek
Published: May 2024

The biggest problem facing the automotive industry today is limited natural resources and environmental protection. Therefore, it is very important to conduct and carry out research and mapping of alternative materials that can reduce the use of non-renewable materials. The aim of this research is to determine the effect of variations in the volume of teak wood powder on the impact strength of composites with a polyester polymer matrix and identify fracture patterns. This research uses an experimental design combined with one-way statistical analysis of variance to test the research hypothesis. The results showed that there were significant differences in impact strength between the variations of the three specimens tested. Specimens with variations in volume fraction of 20%:80% for teak wood powder and polyester resin have the highest impact strength, while specimens with variations in volume fraction of 30%:70% for teak wood powder and polyester resin have the lowest impact strength. Apart from that, examination of the microscopic structure of the fracture patterns shows differences in fracture patterns between specimens. Specimens with variations in volume fraction of 0% (100% polyester resin) show a brittle fracture mechanism, while specimens of 10%:90%, 20%:80%, 30%:70% for teak wood powder and polyester resin show that the fracture pattern that appears is a combination of fragility and fibular fracture which is also called a fibrous fracture.
STUDI PENGGUNAAN MANIPULATOR TEGANGAN PADA SENSOR TEKANAN BAHAN BAKAR MESIN DIESEL COMMON RAIL DITINJAU DARI DAYA & KONSUMSI BAHAN BAKAR
Authors: Farida Nike Nur , Monasari Ratna , Gunawan Chandra , Aji Supa K.
Published: May 2024

In a common rail diesel engine system, the entire fuel system is regulated electronically by a computer device called the ECU.  With this sensor manipulator tool, it is hoped that you will be able to change the output of the fuel pressure sensor to modify the ECU input. This makes it possible to change the power produced by the vehicle and reduce fuel consumption. This research is using experimental methods. The initial step is to take vehicle power test data under normal conditions, with the fuel pressure sensor output voltage at 1.28 V, reduced by 0.2 (1.08 volts), decreased by 0.1 (1.18 volts), increased by 0,1 (1.38 volts), and up 0.2 (1.48 volts). The results of this research show that the highest power at a speed of 80 km/h occurs at a voltage of 1.38 volts and 1.48 volts, with a power of 103 HP. Optimal fuel pressure produces good misting, ensures the mixture of fuel and air in the combustion chamber is homogeneous, and produces maximum power. The results of the fuel consumption test show that the lowest fuel consumption occurs at a vehicle speed of 40 km/hour with a fuel pressure sensor voltage of 1.38 volts, which is around 0.615 cc/second. It can be concluded that a voltage of 1.38 volts produces the most optimal fuel pressure. The throttle valve and pedal openings are still slightly open, so the amount of fuel entering the combustion chamber is also limited, so fuel consumption is very economical.
UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI NANOPARTIKEL EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN MANGGA HARUM MANIS (Mangifera indica L. var. arum manis) TERHADAP BAKTERI Escherichia
Authors: Hutagaol Delvi Amira , Rahayu Yayuk Putri , Nasution M. Pandapotan , Nasution Haris Munandar
Published: May 2024

Bakteri Escherichia coli merupakan salah satu bakteri penyebab penyakit diare. Daun mangga harum manis (Mangifera indica L. var. harum manis) diketahui memiliki kandungan senyawa antibakteri. Dalam ukuran nanopartikel, luas kontak permukaan partikel menjadi lebih besar sehingga dapat meningkatkan aktivitas antibakteri. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk membandingkan aktivitas nanopartikel dengan ekstrak etanol daun mangga harum manis terhadap bakteri E. coli. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental dengan variabel bebas yaitu konsentrasi ekstrak etanol daun harum manis (EEDM 25%; EEDM 50%; dan EEDM 75%) dan konsentrasi nanopartikel ekstrak etanol daun mangga harum manis (NEDM 2,5%; NEDM 5%; dan NEDM 7,5%) dengan antibiotic pembanding yaitu tetracyclin.Variabel terikat yaitu aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak etanol dan nanopartikel ekstrak daun mangga harum manis terhadap bakteri E. coli. Karakterisasi nanopartikel ekstrak etanol menggunakan Particle Size Analyzer (PSA). Pengujian aktivitas antibakteri menggunakan metode difusi agar cakram Kirby Bauer. Hasil karakteristik ukuran nanopartikel ekstrak adalah 40,2 nm. Nilai Zone of Inhibition (ZOI) ekstrak etanol daun mangga harum manis adalah 12,4 mm (EEDM 25%); 14,1 mm (EEDM 50%); dan 16,1 mm (EEDM 75%). Nilai ZOI nanopartikel ekstrak etanol daun mangga harum manis adalah 13,8 mm (NEDM 2,5%); 14,5 mm (NEDM 5%); dan 18,6 mm (NEDM 7,5%). Kesimpulannya adalah ekstrak etanol daun mangga harum manis dapat dijadikan nanopartikel ekstrak dengan daya aktivitas antibakteri konsentrasi nanopartikel ekstrak 5% setara efektivitasnya dengan konsentrasi ekstrak etanol daun mangga harum manis 50% terhadap E. coli dengan kategori intermediate dibandingkan dengan Tetracyclin 30 μg, sehingga dapat dikatakan bahwa nanopartikel esktrak dapat memperkecil dosis suatu obat.
Assessment of the phytotoxic effect of petroleum products on the germination of oats (Avena sativa L.)
Authors:   Timirâzevskaâ selʹskohozâjstvennaâ akademiâ, Karpenko N.P.
Published: May 2024

The purpose of the study was to assess the phytotoxic effect of petroleum products on the germination of oats (Avena sativa L.) for further selection of ameliorants to increase the germination of agricultural crops and reduce the concentrations of pollutants. The research was carried out in the Perm Territory, on the territory confined to the catchment area of the Kama River. Phytotoxicity of oil-contaminated soil was assessed by seed germination, germination energy, growth and development of roots and shoots. Seed germination was estimated on day 7 as the percentage of germinated seeds out of the total number sown. Analyses on the agrochemical composition of soils and the content of trace elements in soil moisture were carried out every week for a month in 5 agility. The results showed that the soil contains a significant amount of mobile phosphorus and a negligible amount of nitrate nitrogen. Studies to identify the number of dead oat cells lasted up to 15 days. A significant deviation from the control was observed at the concentration of petroleum products more than 500 mg/kg, while the number of dead oat cells was more than 30%.
Use of agrometeorological data to justify irrigation melioration of seedlings of fruit and berry crops in the Central Non-black earth region
Authors:   Timirâzevskaâ selʹskohozâjstvennaâ akademiâ, Dubenok N.N.
Published: May 2024

Irrigation is important when growing planting material in fruit and berry nurseries, which are located in areas of insufficient or unstable moisture, as well as in the central part of the non-chernozem zone of Russia due to the uneven distribution of precipitation during the season. The purpose of the study is to substantiate the need for irrigation reclamation of seedlings of fruit and berry crops in the central Non-black earth region using agrometeorological data. Research on the development of drip irrigation technology for seedlings of fruit and berry crops was carried out in the Michurinsky garden of the Russian State Agrarian University – Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy. The study uses observational data (air temperature, precipitation, relative air humidity) obtained at the Mikhelson Meteorological Observatory, for 2018‑2023. To assess the provision of heat and moisture to individual periods of the growing season, the Selyaninov hydrothermal coefficient was calculated. a and Shashko moisture coefficient. As a result of the analysis of agrometeorological data, the need for irrigation in the conditions of the central non-chernozem zone of Russia was proven. The number of days with productive precipitation of more than 5 mm is 39% of the total number of days on which precipitation fell, and its distribution during the growing season is uneven, which may coincide with hot periods when plants are characterized by increased water consumption.