bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Determination of Methanol Content in Hydrate Inhibitor Solutions Using Raman Spectroscopy
Authors: Kalacheva L P , Argunova K K , Solovyeva S A
Published: April 2020

The use of methanol as an inhibitor of hydrate formation in the fields of the Far North is fraught with environmental risks and a threat to the health of personnel. Therefore, an urgent task is to find an analytical method for determining the methanol content in water-methanol solutions instead of the areometric method. One of such methods is Raman spectroscopy. In this work, water-methanol solutions used at the Otradninsky gas-condensate field are investigated. For the quantitative determination of the inhibitor content in water-methanol solutions samples, the stretching vibration bands of the CH groups of methanol molecules was selected, the intensity of which monotonously increases with increasing alcohol concentration. A comparison of the mass concentrations of methanol obtained by different methods showed that the presence of salts in water methanol solutions leads to an underestimation of the alcohol content. This entails an excessive consumption of inhibitors and an increase in the cost of gas companies to purchase and transport methanol.
Development of Arctic Diesel Fuel with Optimal Composition
Authors: Iovleva E L , Borisov A A , Stepanov P A
Published: April 2020

The article offers the possibility of obtaining Arctic diesel fuel, which can be used at low temperatures. The physico-chemical properties of the resulting diesel fuel are also shown. New technical conditions were developed for a new type of Arctic diesel fuel. The main indicators of the quality of low-carbon diesel fuel are low-temperature properties, estimated by cloud point, temperature and temperature limit. New arctic fuel was obtained by adding a depressant. We used the depressor additives Keroflux and Difron. When selecting a depressor additive for a new grade of diesel fuel, it was necessary to take into account not only the composition of the fuel, but also the particular structure and composition of the additives themselves. Studies by many authors have shown that the solubility of additives based on copolymers of ethylene with vinyl acetate is lower than that of copolymers of vinyl acetate with alkyl methacrylate. The article also shows the possibility of obtaining basic fuel with a given pour point directly on the direct distillation of oil. An innovative jet hydraulic mixer was used to mix petroleum products, which provides intensive mixing of petroleum products in tanks and ensures stable quality of petroleum products during storage. Such technology allows to obtain winter and arctic varieties from summer diesel fuel by adding depressor additives.
The Assessment of the Feasibility of Using Degraded Lands as a Resource in the Production of Environmentally Friendly Food for Vulnerable Populations
Authors: Stukach V F , Starovoitova N P , Dolmatova O N , Astashova E A
Published: April 2020

The article presents the assessment of the feasibility of using degraded lands as a resource in the production of environmentally friendly food. The problem of degradationexposed lands is addressed; the macro and micro social factors impacting the decision-making process in soil protection are identified; a comprehensive model for natural factor recovery in production by introducting organic agriculture technlogy for manufacturing environmentally friendly products. Research methods used in the article: balance sheet method for agriculture, food production and consumption; written and oral survey. We polled leadership, directors, farmers, businessmen, agrotechnologists, managers, production managers, field foremen, farm and agriculture machinery operator. The survey had questions on the real-life business life and measures taken; respondents’ opinion on the feasibility of using certain methods and technologies, respondents’ awareness of the problem and economic motivation as a result of using methods and technologies, and the social elements of the survey. The survey demonstrated the real situation in the area of land use, knowledge and respondents understanding the technologies they use and how they should be used. The social aspect of the survey helped to measure the competencies that are necessary to solve problems associated with the employed technological methods for protecting the soil system.

So, there is a need for lands where environmentally friendly production can be established with low processing intensity without pesticides and with a limited amount of fertilizers. Such an approach has become feasible from the economy point of view for Russia and other countries after they have become members of the WTO.
Experience of Stadial Analysis for Investigating Ultramicrocrystalline Rock (The Case of Structureless Phosphorites of the Okino-Hubsugul Basin)
Authors: Georgievskiy A F , Bugina V M
Published: April 2020

Any sedimentary rock is a complex natural formation, which was formed under the influence of many processes. One of the aims of lithologists is the occurrence and study of these processes, which is necessary for targeted searches for mineral resources associated with sedimentary rock. Analysis of order of mineral crystallization (stadial analysis) is the most successful method to solve the problems. That analysis is a brunch in lithology science aimed at reconstructing the geological history of rock. The step-by-step analysis includes methods of prospecting, optical and electronic microscopy, and diagnostics of the material composition of minerals. However, the researcher receives basic information about the processes of rock formation through microscopic observations of the features of minerals: their shapes, sizes, composition, interrelations, as well as structural and textural features. In the course of such observations, “indicator components” of rock are established with obvious signs of duration and conditions of its formation: sedimentary “indicator components” (biogenic detritus, allothigenic fragments, tufogenic material), dia- and katagenetic (nodule concretions and other varieties), metagenetic “indicator components” (crystalloblasts etc.). Further analysis of the secondary alterations in the mentioned components and their minerals allows us to make series of consistent mineral formation and, thereby, reconstruct main stages and conditions of rock formation. This, in turn, provides the key to understanding the regional geological processes that took place in sedimentary basins.
The Effect of Radon Concentration at Liquid Nitrogen Temperature
Authors: Stepanov V E , Khristoforova S E , Solovev D B
Published: April 2020

Experimentally obtained high concentrations of radon in an isolated container of uranium-containing minerals using liquid nitrogen. A simple device is proposed, the essence of which is based on the transformation of gaseous radon into a liquid. It is known that liquid nitrogen has a boiling point (-195,75) °C, and gaseous radon turns into liquid at (-62) °C, and at (-70) °C turns into a solid state. The low temperature of liquid nitrogen greatly exceeds the liquefaction and solidification temperature of radon. It follows that if you put a radioactive outgoing source, for example, pieces of uranium ore, into a heat-insulated container, such as a thermos or a Dewar vessel into which liquid nitrogen is poured, then radon will accumulate at the bottom of the container in a solid state. As liquid nitrogen evaporates, gaseous radon will concentrate inside the container. The technical result is to increase the efficiency of obtaining radon with emanation and the use of the device directly in stationary conditions, for example, in medical institutions. Replacing the solutions of radium salts with pieces of uranium ore from the Elkonskiy deposit from Yakutia significantly simplifies and reduces the cost of preparing radon fluids for medical procedures.
Experimental Research Into Ice-Loading of Supports of Hydraulic Structures
Authors: Yesenina N A , Zaitsev A A , Karasev Yu S
Published: April 2020

The paper states the problem and presents the results of experiments designed to find the ice loads of supports of hydraulic structures. Experimental studies were carried out in an ice tank. The experiments were designed to analyze how ice loads would affect a single-row set of piles, how using multiple rows would affect pile icing, and what kind of loads first- and second-row piles would have to sustain. Experimental data were recalculated in kind with adjustment to the scale of modeling; they were also calculated for the natural conditions as set forth in standards and regulations.
Supermarket as a New Type of Public and Trade Buildings in Design
Authors: Shamaeva T V
Published: April 2020

Supermarket is a new type of public building with commercial purposes that has big space, various goods and self-service. Basic functions: commercial and storage, additional functions: “own manufacture”, catering zones and fun zones. The technology always comes first and determines the whole design project. The recommended ratio of spaces that perform various functions in the supermarket: “consumer, entry zone” - 7-12%; trade and storage zone (retail space) - 55-65%; - warehouse zone - 8-13%; “in-house production” in a food supermarket - 12-16%; “in-house production” in a non-food supermarket - 2-5%; administrative and utility spaces in a food supermarket - 8-20%; administrative and utility spaces in a non-food supermarket - 2-8%. Rectangular buildings of supermarkets with one or two floors in the main building that has storage and warehouse functions. High-shelf storage (higher than 5.5m). Front walls with corporate colours of a chain brand.
Architectural and Urban Image of Supermarkets in the Moskovskaya Oblast
Authors: Shamaeva T V
Published: April 2020

Supermarkets are sales buildings characterised by complex technologies and construction and a distinct architectural and town-planning image. 20 supermarkets have researched and analysed using various criteria. Recommendations are given on the design of supermarkets: within a city they must be situated close to main motorways, in the industrial and storage zone or in close proximity; front walls must be attractive from the architectural point of view, its integration into the urban environment is important; parking lots must be designed separately for clients, lorries and personnel and must occupy not less than 30-50% of the land plot; building footprint must not exceed 30-35% of the land plot; green space area must be calculated depending on the number of visitors, but it must not be less than 5% of the land plot; recreation zones must be also incorporated into the supermarket space; fire safety rules, access to people with restricted mobility, environmental norms must be ensured at all times.
Analysis of Output Parameters of a Three-Stage Asymmetric Vibration Device
Authors: Gerasimov M D , Gerasimov D M
Published: April 2020

There is a long-felt need for a wider use of asymmetric vibration devices in technological processes of construction and road-building operations. The methodology of engineering and design of multi-stage asymmetric vibration devices is in the conceptual phase and requires additional analytical studies, design studies and industrial tests. Asymmetric vibration devices may consist of two or more stages of unbalanced directional vibrators, speeds of rotation of the drive shafts whereof are divisible. This article considers the effect of the interrelation of static moments of unbalance of a three-stage asymmetric vibration device on the system’s dynamic amplification factor. The article describes a method to determine the rational interrelation of static moments of unbalance using a three-stage asymmetric vibration device as an example. The article will be interesting to specialists in the sphere of production of vibrating production machines and equipment.
Natural Gas Conversion Method into the Solid Hydrate Form Using Low Ambient Temperatures
Authors: Portnyagin A S , Semenov M E , Koryakina V V
Published: April 2020

The article describes a method of natural gas hydrate synthesis in a closed type reactor with the possibility of using low ambient temperatures of the Russia’s cold regions. The advantages of the hydrate synthesis method in closed reactors and the possibility of their use on an industrial scale for the gas hydrate production are noted. Special closed-type reactors with different internal volumes were developed, as well as a thermal cycling technique to accelerate hydrate formation, and a concept of hydrate production technology using natural cold-air was proposed. New experimental data on the production of massive samples of natural gas hydrates with high gas saturation (130-150 cm3/g) from ice as feed in the constructed reactors are presented. A comparison of the proposed conceptual technology operations with the existing industrial technology of natural gas hydrate synthesis was made. It is shown that in closed-type reactors, from the large ice fractions during thermal cycling of the system, it is possible to synthesize natural gas hydrates in the form of massive pieces with high natural gas content (up to 90%).
Simulation of Two-Phase Filtration to Determine the Areas of By-Passed Oil Using the Velocity of Fluid
Authors: Kovalchuk T N , Gilmanov A Y , Shevelev A P
Published: April 2020

The article is devoted to the simulation of two-phase filtration processes to estimate the areas of by-passed oil. A number of reasons are listed for which it is necessary to estimate in advance the zones of their formation in order to choose the optimal development mode to produce more oil.

There are various methods for predicting the formation of by-passed oil, they are based, as a rule, on experimental studies, including geophysical well logging. However, the models used at the moment do not allow to determine unambiguously the areas of appearance of by-passed oil. Therefore, the purpose of the this article is to obtain suitable method. The basic system of mechanics of multiphase systems and an explicit finite-difference scheme are used to achieve this goal. The proposed method can be applied to the calculation for different reservoirs with the change of corresponding parameters, initial and boundary conditions. Using the proposed model, it is shown that the presence of two distant from each other well groups leads to the formation of two areas where oil filtration occurs and two significant zones of by-passed oil.

Thus, as a result of the calculations, information about the location of by-passed oil in the reservoir under these conditions is obtained. This allows to choose the most rational method of development, and therefore to produce more oil.
Determination of the Computerized Monitoring System Structure of the Small-Scaly Turbulence of the Water Environment Hydrophysical Fields
Authors: Savkova E O , Chengar O V , Shevchenko V I
Published: April 2020

The algorithm definition of system’ optimum structure of monitoring hydrophysical fields of the water environment inhomogeneities that provides a specified measurement uncertainty with the minimum cost of the equipment and the experiment is proposed. The algorithm uses the object-evolutionary model of the information-measuring system and the vertical arrangement model of small-scale turbulence layers.
Electromagnetic Prevention of Scaling in Oil Production
Authors: Alimbekova S R , Bakhtizin R N , Dokichev V A
Published: April 2020

This paper presents research into how electromagnetic and ultrasonic fields affect the inhibition of calcium carbonate crystallization. It shows that resonant-wave electromagnetic exposure effectively prevents scaling in wells equipped with electric centrifugal pumps, resulting in >6x mean time between repairs. This technology can help significantly reduce the usage of oilfield reagents to prevent or address scaling, which means lesser environmental burden.
Rhenium in Carbonaceous Rocks: ICP Mass Spectrometry of Low Concentrations
Authors: Zarubina N V , Ostapenko D S , Ivanov V V
Published: April 2020

This study described is about problem of determining trace and low concentrations of rhenium with using of ICP-MS spectrometry in rock samples with high contain of carbonaceous and organic components. Paper describes different ways of analysis and sample decomposition that are used in a common practice. Special attention is paid for sample preparation for ICP-MS investigations as far as it requires decomposition and disposing organic and silicate components.
Socio-economic Development of Tourism Infrastructure
Authors: Ostovskaya A A , Smirnova E A , Shendrikova S P
Published: April 2020

The tourism industry is the dominant factor of socio-economic growth in many countries which have similar political, historical, geographical and cultural features. This indicates considerable potential for tourism development providing the availability of the necessary infrastructure supporting the adequate functioning of the industry. The article reviews the definition of the tourism infrastructure in a number of aspects and introduces the steps of the tourism infrastructure analysis in the region. The calculation of the integrated index of the tourism infrastructure in the region is carried out by means of standardizing the indices as per separate elements of the tourism infrastructure.
Simulation of Heat Transfer in the Liquid Core of the Earth
Authors: Solovjev S
Published: April 2020

The results of numerical simulation of unsteady heat transfer of an electrically conductive liquid in a spherical layer modeling the Earth’s liquid core are presented. The evolution of the structure of the flow of an electrically conductive fluid, the temperature field, magnetic induction, and the distribution of local Nusselt numbers is studied. The gravitational acceleration vector is directed along the radius to the center of the spherical layer.
To the Question about Cements for Deep Wells
Authors: Savenok O V , Likhacheva O N , Timchuk E V , Shilovich O B
Published: April 2020

The article considers the question about cements for deep wells. Various classifications of cement mortars are considered. The time of setting for cement slurry, specific gravity of cement slurry, strength of set-cement, permeability of set-cement and waterloss of cement slurry are described. The cementing job may be recommended to be done on the deep well El Dosuky in two ways are shown.
Improving the Quality of Mine Water Treatment
Authors: Dmitrienko V A , Armeiskov S N , Dmitrienko N A
Published: April 2020

the article deals with the features of groundwater treatment in town Shakhty after the closure of mining enterprises. A high concentration of salts and solids in the treated waters was noted. The positive experience of phyto purification by using aqueous hyacinth - Eichornia is considered. The existing scheme of pumped ground water purification is presented and the results of studies of water temperature regime in ponds sumps of mine water are given. The possibility of providing a nutrient medium and extending the growing season of a thermophilic plant during the groundwater treatment of groundwater and wastewater is indicated.
Reliability of Assessment of Advance Anchoring
Authors: Stradanchenko S G , Dmitrienko V A , Golodov M A
Published: April 2020

On the example of the construction of the dismantling chamber No. 1 of the Kalinin-Solntsevskaya line of Moscow Metro, and the studies of the stress-strain states of the contour massif of rocks in the bottom zone by the finite element method, evaluating measures were taken to ensure the stability of the enclosing rocks and the camera’s protective screen. Simulation of the rock mass stress state has proved the possibility of soil hardening in the set of workings by advanced anchoring to reduce rock displacements and surface deformation. A model to determine the maximum depth of using a protective screen with long anchors has been compiled.
Research and Evaluation of the Influence of the Sizes of Nano and Microparticles of Metals on the Conversion of the Chemical Composition of Hydrocarbon Fractions
Authors: Balobaeva N N , Bryankin K V , Mishchenko S V
Published: April 2020

The article presents the results of experimental studies of the effect of the aggregate structure of nano- and microparticles of metals (nickel, tungsten, platinum) on the conversion of the chemical composition of the hydrocarbon fraction obtained as a result of the destruction of petroleum products. Gas chromatography determined the group hydrocarbon composition of a fraction with a boiling point up to 195 ° C, obtained as a result of the destruction of liquid hydrocarbons in the presence of nano- and microparticles of metals (nickel, tungsten, platinum). The rationale for increasing the intensity of destructive processes in the presence of metal particles of various compositions is proposed.
Analyzing of the Situation with Forest Fires in the Primorsky Region
Authors: Prikhodko O Yu , Soboleva E V , Pretsiniek I P
Published: April 2020

Forest fire is a terrible disaster. Even a surface fire, leads to the fact that the forest planting passes into the stage of weakened, unproductive, which requires centuries to recover, as a result of the fire, the undergrowth dies, the habitats of animals and birds are destroyed, and the CO2 emission into the atmosphere grows. Currently, information is increasingly being received that many countries suffer from forest fires, Russia among them. The situation with fires in the Primorsky Territory is complicated due to the small number of forest protection, landscape, the large number of abandoned agricultural land and the presence of a large number of forest fund tenants. There is no well-coordinated work on fire detection, patrolling the territory with a small number of forest guards is impossible, satellite monitoring allows you to detect a fire when a deflagration is already gaining strength and it is difficult to determine the accessibility, and often the possibility of access to the fire, by coordinates. Most of the region’s state forest fund has been leased, tenants do not always have good neighborly relations with local residents, if all kinds of conflicts arise, then revenge or set fire to become synonymous with words. And often hiding a crime scene in the forest with a fire is a way to avoid punishment.
Possibility of Extended Analysis of Operating Efficiency of Rotary-Type Machine Roller Bearings
Authors: Velichko E I , Muzykantova A B , Foreigners D A
Published: April 2020

A wide application of the rotary-type machines as actuating mechanisms and driving units in the oil&gas industry stipulates for a special approach towards the diagnostics of the current state of their elements. Roller bearings of such machines are the most critical joints as they are under constant action of significant power and oscillatory loads. Generally, failures of roller bearings cause the destruction of not only the bearings but also the contacting parts. Modern dynamic methods of diagnosing the unit and machine technical state, in particular, vibration diagnostics, allow avoiding emergency and hazardous situations, unreasonable and unscheduled stops and expensive visits of the manufacturer’s specialist.

The article considers the existing methods of diagnosing the rolling bearings state by vibration parameters. As a rule, most modern methods are based on quite precise mathematical calculations of vibration components, require the application of specialized and expensive software and do not provide a possibility to make a precise conclusion on the researched object technical state at practice.

The article considers the method of detecting the technical state of roller bearings which can be applicable in most cases. This method reveals the general forms of spectral modulations, reflecting the presence of incipient and developing faults, and defines the real values of a diagnostic sample - test spectrum, uses very few mathematical calculations and does not require all the standard bearing geometrical parameters during analysis.
Applicability Assessment of the Resource-Saving Method for Recovering Garnet Sand Abrasivity
Authors: Fedorchuk Y M , Matvienko V V
Published: April 2020

Hydroabrasive treatment technology is widely used for cutting semi-finished products, products, cleaning contaminated surfaces, etc. The main disadvantage of the technology is the high cost of cutting. The abrasivity recovery and recycling used abrasives for cutting process is subject matter of foreign researchers, however, no one deals with this problem in Russia due to its low tonnage. The possibility of recovering garnet sand waste after hydraulic cutting is evaluated and a semi-industrial installation for recovering garnet sand waste is presented in this paper.
The Application of Computational Fluid Dynamic Models for Research of Wastewater Marine Outfalls in Ice Cover Periods
Authors: Bezborodov S , Zemlyanaya N
Published: April 2020

The research of pollutant transfer process in ice-covered marine water areas has a great practical interest. The understanding of pollution transfer and transformation processes in freeze-up period is necessary in conditions of active development of the Arctic Coast and in design a long-term prediction of water quality. The detailed research of wastewater transfer in ice-covered marine water areas in Russia factually not been produced despite the fact, that in practice all type of coastal outfalls realized in the Far Eastern seas, which freeze-up period during from 4 to 6 months.

The submitted research shows the results of field studies of wastewater outfalls of Vladivostok city. The field studies results was compared with results of wastewater transfer calculations, making by engineering methods and results of simulation, produced by CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamic) models which implemented in the Ansys Fluent application software package. As a result of a comparison of the field study data and calculation results, was found that the official recomendations for calculating wastewater dilution give a significant error in calculating wastewater dilution in case of discharged into ice-covered marine water areas. A positive result was obtained for application of CFD models for research of marine outfalls in periods of water freezing.
Assessment of Electromagnetic Background Levels from Base Stations of Mobile Networks from the Point of View of Technosphere Safety
Authors: Stacenko L G , Bakhvalova A A
Published: April 2020

The growth of communication networks gradually leads to the fact that they become an integral part of the infrastructure of the city. Depending on the features of the building and the location of settlements, the distribution of communication objects may be formed non-uniformly, which leads to a possible deterioration of the electromagnetic environment. This process is difficult to evaluate and predict. The safe coexistence of transmitting radio engineering facilities and residential and administrative buildings is regulated by sanitary norms and rules. The fulfillment of these requirements must be confirmed by appropriate calculations and direct measurements of electromagnetic fields.

According to the results of computer modeling and control measurements, the article analyzes the parameters of electromagnetic fields created by cellular communication transmitters near residential buildings. It is concluded that it is necessary to introduce construction restriction zones into the draft urban development plan and continuous monitoring of radiation levels in residential buildings.
Innovative Approaches to Forest Management in the Context of Forestry and Civil Legislation
Authors: Toporov D A
Published: April 2020

The article analyzes the principal issues of forest management. First, we analyze the statutory framework which requires improvement. We also focus on the management targets and principles applicable to the use of forest resources, which also require modification. The author describes the key innovative approaches to forest management based on the improvement of economic, technical, legal, organizational, managerial and other activities required for their implementation. The article quotes the opinions of various scientists engaged in the development projects in forest management and reforestation, and analyzes the problems arising in the process of implementing the right for forest management within the framework of the current civil and forestry legislation of the Russian Federation. With the development of the state and society today, the forest industry remains an important source of economic resources. In Russia, woods are an irreplaceable natural resource with unique ecosystems which should be used wisely. Forest resources are a direct source of income for federal, regional and local budgets. Russia ranks world’s second in forest exploitation, and the distribution of forest resources within the country varies from region to region. Siberia and the Far East have the largest volume of forest resources in the country.
Modification of Diamond Crystal Luminescence Parameters Using Luminophore-Containing Emulsions
Authors: Chanturia V A , Kovalchuk O E , Morozov V V , Dvoichenkova G P
Published: April 2020

Based on luminophore combination being close to diamond in luminescence parameters, water-organic emulsions were synthesized that modified spectral-kinetic characteristics of low-luminescent diamond crystals. The combination of luminophores was used, including an organic luminophore, anthracene, and inorganic luminophore, K-35, the spectral and kinetic characteristics of which make it possible to achieve the required luminescence values of diamonds and ensure their maximum extraction in existing diamond-containing kimberlite X-ray separation process flows. Non-polar hydrocarbons were experimentally substantiated as an organic medium for the luminophores. Mathematical processing of the obtained results was performed and relationships between the composition of the luminophore combination and kinetic characteristics of the luminescent response were determined.
Development of Guidelines for Environmental and Geochemical Assessment of Marine Bottom Sediments in Peter the Great Gulf
Authors: Lisitskaya I G , Zubtsova A S , Zubtsova I L , Petukhov V I , Kholodov A S
Published: April 2020

The current system of assessment of bottom sediments quality in the Russian Federation is based on overseas standards and/or reference concentrations of pollutants. The use of foreign standards contradicts the legislation of the Russian Federation, and the use of reference concentrations leads to ambiguity of estimates due to the heterogeneity of bottom sediments and natural variability of the content of controlled substances. This paper presents the analysis of existing approaches to assessing pollution of bottom sediments, and the results of theoretical and experimental research, calculations, assessing pollution of bottom sediments of the Zolotoy Rog Bay in Peter the Great Gulf. The necessity for adoption and capture in a regulatory document of regional background concentrations of pollutants in bottom sediments is shown. Guidelines are proposed for environmental assessment of the pollution level of bottom sediments in Peter the Great Gulf, based on the use of integral characteristics and criteria for assessing the degree of pollution of bottom sediments depending on the type of use of the water area.
The Influence of Intratermocline Eddies on Sound Propagation in the Deep Part of the Sea of Japan
Authors: Kiryanov A B , Salnikov B A , Salnikov E N
Published: April 2020

The results of stochastic modeling of the influence of positive and negative intratermocline eddies (lenses) on the spatiotemporal structure of acoustic fields in the deep part of the Sea of Japan are presented. The lens shape was modeled by an ellipse. The lens center and the emitter were located on the axis of the underwater sound channel. The vertical distribution of the acoustic field inside the lens was studied at various ranges in front of the center, in the center and behind the center of the lens, as well as at ranges of 40 and 100 km. A negative lens focuses the ray paths on the axis of underwater sound channel at all ranges. A positive lens has a defocusing effect, yet with an increase in range it decreases significantly. The impulse response of the propagation channel was studied on the underwater acoustic channel axis at the ranges of 40 and 100 km. The maxima of impulse response during the passage of the sound emitter through the negative lens shift in time towards increasing, and when passing through the positive lens – towards decreasing with respect to the impulse response of the propagation channel in the absence of lenses.
Assessment of the Pollution Level of Bottom Sediments in the Zolotoy Rog Bay (Vladivostok City, Primorsky Krai)
Authors: Litvinets O I , Olesik S M , Kravchenko A M , Zheldak E M
Published: April 2020

The paper presents the results of assessment of the ecological state of bottom sediments in the Golden Horn Bay based on the integral index of pollution with heavy metals. According to the total pollution index, bottom sediments in major part of the show an average pollution level on Saet’s scale. The most polluted are bottom sediments in the areas adjacent to whaf walls. A significant contribution to pollution of bottom sediments is made by copper, lead, cadmium and zinc. It was found that such substances as cadmium and lead did not enter the bay with wastewater in the period of 2011-2016, which indicates the accumulation of these pollutants in bottom sediments from wastewater that was entering the bay in an earlier period.
Features of Risk Management in Agriculture Organizations of an Industrial Region
Authors: Kozlova O , Lubkova E , Shilova A
Published: April 2020

Agricultural organizations are at great risk. The level of risk faced by agricultural organizations depends on regional circumstances. The most acute situation is observed in industrial regions, especially those that specialize in the mining industry. In this article the concepts of agricultural risk are considered, the features of agricultural risks of producers in industrial regions are studied. On the example of the Kemerovo region, the possibilities of reducing risks by agricultural organizations of the industrial region are investigated.
The Use of Factor Analysis of the Cost When Justifying the Directions of Innovative Development of Crop Production (on the Example of the Grain Complex of the Pskov Region)
Authors: Voiku I P , Kuchuk V A , Sandu I S
Published: April 2020

Situations of risk and uncertainty create conditions for the development of the modern economy. This increases interest in the method of factor analysis, which allows to clarify the trends of the analyzed indicator, to determine the influence of factors on its decline or increase, as well as to establish reserves for growth or reduction. Interest in the product competitiveness, caused by the level of production expenses, reduces the object of factor analysis to the cost. The results of factor analysis, obtained by a unified methodology, allow us to compare the influence of production expenses on the cost of production both in the scale of an enterprise and in the scale of the region and the sector. Crop production, as the most important sector of agriculture, is no exception in this regard. The presented results of the factor analysis of the production cost of the main crop of the Pskov region show the multifaceted influence of the volume of production and expenses on the cost of grain growing. The results of the assessment of the influence of changes in expenses and production volume on the change in the cost of grain crops cultivation, combined with the indicators of the relative change in the contingent cost of 1 ton of grain crops, allow us to divide the municipal districts of the Pskov region into four typological groups: extensive growth, recession, stagnation and intensive growth. The influence of changes in wages, expenses for seeds, fertilizers, maintenance of fixed assets and other expenses on the cost of grain crops cultivation in each of the four typological groups is illustrated. Since the expenses in crop production are the points of application of innovations, the identified reserves of cost reduction allow us to formulate the main directions of innovative development of regional crop production.
The Quality Management System Projects Transport Interchanges
Authors: Panteleeva M , Borozdina S
Published: April 2020

The transport industry of the Russian Federation in recent years has received significant technological development. The use of modern innovative solutions in the organization of the management process allows you to create SMART-type transport highways, that is, highways for which the social significance of the project is the main criterion for its quality. In this article the quality of the design solution for modeling the transport interchange is considered in two aspects: 1) the quality of the project, independent of its subject area; 2) the quality of the project product, determined by its subject area. At the same time, the critical moment of the quality management of the transport interchange project is the translation of the needs, desires and expectations of participants into requirements (criteria), which must be taken into account when planning the content of the project and its executors. The article proposes the author’s quality management system projects transport interchanges, which operates on the reconciling the needs and expectations of all the project’s stakeholders basis principle and the quality criteria achieved at different phases of the project life cycle. This model can significantly reduce the cost of implementation and future operation of the traffic intersection, since from an economic point of view it becomes, in fact, a self-sustaining subject of urban space.
Methods of Economic Growth Forecasting Using Modified Production Functions with Variable Technical Progress
Authors: Moon De En
Published: April 2020

The article studies the problems and methods of forecasting economic growth based on the traditional production functions (PF) and tools of the modified production function (MPF) with variable technical progress developed by the author. The hypothesis about the variability of parameters in (PF) allows to increase the accuracy of modeling, to differentiate and predict the variable contribution of factors to the increase in production, to transform the functions of linear and power PF. When forecasting of economic growth, the problem of separate evaluation of the variable effects of economic growth, due to the influence of both accounted and unaccounted factors, is actual. Solving this problem will allow dividing economic growth into variable effects and developing appropriate strategies for economic development. The forecasting methods proposed by the author using MPF with variable parameters make it possible to overcome the problems of traditional forecasting. MPF can be reduced to a PF with variable technical progress, which can be used to evaluate and predict the variable effects of economic growth, due to the influence of both accounted and unaccounted factors. The developed forecasting methods allow you to see the price of achieving economic growth and develop a strategy for economic development. The possibility of forecasting using MPF is shown on the example of forecasting the economic development of the US.
Integrated Mechanism for Managing the Development of Offshore Hydrocarbon Deposits in the Arctic
Authors: Fadeev Al , Tsukerman V
Published: April 2020

Recently, in the Arctic zone, including its marine area, the presence of a number of economic entities has already been observed. This is, first of all, transport, the extraction of biological resources, the extraction of aquatic culture, and, finally, the extraction of mineral and hydrocarbon resources. It is worth noting that in recent years, a number of institutions were formed at the state level in Russia to promote business development in the Arctic zone. These are the created State Commission for the Development of the Arctic, as well as the Business and Scientific Councils created under this commission. At the state level, a number of fundamental documents were also adopted (the Strategy for the development of the Russian Arctic and national security for the period up to 2020, the Marine Doctrine of the Russian Federation), which define the development of the Arctic as one of the main priorities of the state policy. Taking into account different directions of economic activities of these business entities, each of which has its own geography and national-international system of regulation and management, conflict of interests is often observed that can lead to very negative consequences for sensitive ecosystems of the Arctic zone and for the development of individual sectors of the economy. In other words, in contrast to harmoniously created natural ecosystems, human activities on the shelf of the Arctic seas do not have a systematic organization, individual industries (transport, production of bio- and aquatic resources, hydrocarbon resources production, etc.) do not form a single systemic commonality. The search and maintenance of such a balance is the main task of comprehensive management of the development of Arctic marine hydrocarbon fields.
Assessment of the Prospects of Developing the Western Arctic Shelf Fields on the Basis of Evaluation of the Technical-Economic Potential of Fields
Authors: Fadeev A M , Tsukerman V A
Published: April 2020

The paper discusses the methodological issues of assessing the technical and economic potential of the Arctic hydrocarbon fields which can be used to make strategic decisions on the management of the oil and gas sector and the exploitation of natural resources. The sequence of calculation steps of the technical and economic potential of marine oil and gas fields of the Arctic which, unlike the existing ones, is based on an integral indicator that combines the financial, technical, climatic, and service-infrastructure characteristics of the fields what allows rating the fields to determine priority of the start of their development is proposed. The need to take into account a wide range of factors in a comparative analysis of oil and gas fields of the Arctic in order to make strategic management decisions on the priority of field exploitation is proved.
Value and Economic Significance of the Cold for Human Life and Activities in the Arctic
Authors: Nogovitsyn R R , Romanov A R
Published: April 2020

The natural resource of the Cold is often overlooked. The Arctic has it own characteristic features: cold climate, glaciers and permafrost. What is the cost of the Cold, and how can we calculate it? Many problems are associated with the attempts to identify the cost characteristics of the Cold using the methods that are employed to establish the cost of production material resources. The current approach to the evaluation of the natural resources does not allow to adequately assess the significance of the Cold as a natural resource in the society’s life, in particular, in the Arctic. The cost of the Cold can be considered from the point of view of the concepts of the total economic value (TEV). The Cold cost assessment methods cases for the cost calculation of direct and indirect use of the Cold are presented.
Mechanism of Strategic Development of Maritime Transport and Regional Logistics
Authors: Alexahina L V
Published: April 2020

The article describes an approach to the development of a mechanism of strategic development of maritime transport and regional logistics based on the contemporary understanding of the strategy, strategizing, and strategic planning, and the need in such a combination of development determinants that would allow achieving a synergistic effect in the regional and sector-specific space. The author demonstrated that the strategic development mechanism must be intended to create a quality transport and logistics complex and contact groups and have a complex nature. A mechanism of strategic development of maritime transport and regional logistics as a functional target-oriented pattern of interaction of its elements can be divided into a target-oriented subsystem, a wide range of interconnected development instruments for organizational/institutional, economic, motivational, political/legal, sociocultural, and environmental components, and a resource base. This approach was adapted to maritime transport and logistics of the Republic of Crimea.
Problems and Perspectives of Implementation of Metalmatrix Composition Materials in Automotive Industry
Authors: Chernyshov E A , Romanov I D , Romanova E A
Published: April 2020

In this paper we studied possible problems and perspectives of deployment of aluminum-based composite alloys in automotive industry.

Aluminum-based composite alloys thanks to their high elastic strength combined with a relatively low mass density, good casting and tribological properties with respect to conventional alloys were implemented in automotive industry over 20 years ago already.

These alloys successfully substitute steel, cast iron and titanium alloys in engine, suspension, braking units. However high final cost of auto-components made of strengthened aluminum alloys limits its applications in the industry.

In this work we presented the examples of aluminum-based composite alloy technology that reduces the production costs of final product.
A Methodological Approach to the Development of a Strategy for Efficient Staff Management in Oil Company
Authors: Gajfullina M M , Nizamova G Z
Published: April 2020

The goal of the research is to create a methodological approach to the development of a strategy for efficient staff management in an oil company.

The objectives of the research: to analyse the approaches to the evaluation of staff potential of a company; to finds those aspects and qualities that affect the staff management in an oil company; to offer a methodological approach to the strategy for efficient staff management in an oil company; to test the proposed approach in a real oil company.

The object of the research is the staff management strategy in a company.

The subject of the research concerns indicators and factors of strategic management of staff potential of an oil company.

The methodology of the research includes methods of logical analysis, grouping and comparison, generalization, systemic approach. An integral indicator of the staff potential evaluation in a company was proposed as part of the factorial analysis method.

The main results and conclusions of the research. The article offers the algorithm for developing an efficient strategy with a view to efficiently manage the staff in an oil company with a number of successive steps: from the evaluation of the level of the staff potential and factors that affect the efficient staff management strategy in an oil company to the recommendations on the selection of an efficient employment strategy. This algorithm offers a complex system of indicators for the assessment of staff system in an oil company and an integral indicator for the staff potential assessment; it also proposes a methodology for the selection of a strategy to manage human resources on the basis of the integral level of staff potential and the level of external environment factors’ influence. The proposed methodology can also form the foundation for the development of projects on the identification of priority development areas in human resource management in businesses and their introduction and of measures for improving the efficiency of staff management in companies.