bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Measuring Intergenerational Mobility Multidimensionally
Authors: Sun Kan
Published: August 2024

This paper proposes a multidimensional approach to measuring intergenerational mobility. First, we briefly review the three primary approaches for measuring intergenerational mobility in the current literature, where mobility is measured in one dimension at a time. We then propose an oriented approach capable of separately measuring upward and downward mobility, considering multiple dimensions simultaneously, and addressing fully ordinal and cardinal data. For fully ordinal data, we advocate using the standard AF identification (Alkire and Foster, 2011a) process, tracking changes in the number of deprivations across generations. For fully cardinal data, we propose utilizing the modified AF identification (Sun, 2024) to construct a comprehensive individual-based index representing overall well-being tracked over generations. The proposed method adheres to critical properties, including decomposability, replication invariance, symmetry, and properties derived from the axiom of expansion. Application of our method to data from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics (PSID) reveals less upward mobility and overall mobility from 2011 to 2021 compared to 2001 to 2011, offering valuable insights for longitudinal comparisons.
Disease experience of patients with acute radiodermatitis: a qualitative study
Authors: Wang Qi , Shi Xiaoning , Guo Jinli , Bai Fan , Li Zheng
Published: August 2024

Objectives
To understand the true feelings and disease experience of radiodermatitis patients and to provide reference for formulating accurate intervention and support strategies for this group.
Methods
A semi-structured interview was conducted by using an objective sampling with patients who received radiotherapy in the tertiary hospital in Shanxi province from October 2023 to January 2024. With the help of Nvivo software, Colaizzi's seven-step analysis and triangulation were used to analyze the Interview data and extract themes.
Results
The disease experience of patients with acute radiation dermatitis can be summarized into 4 themes:(1) Decreased quality of daily life: sleep quality decreased, living habits forced to change;(2) Negative psychological experience: anxiety, decreased self-efficacy;(3) Disease coping style: active response, negative avoidance;(4) Resource requirements: desire for phased access to disease information, desire for more cost-effective preventive medicines.
Conclusions
The disease experience of patients with acute radiation dermatitis has specific and diverse attributes. Nurses should pay attention to the status of patients and self-perceived burden, guide patients to establish correct disease cognition and improve self-efficacy so as to promote positive coping. Strengthen the support of family, hospital and society to meet the needs of patients effectively. Through scientific and effective intervention to improve the quality of life and reduce the incidence of adverse outcomes of patients.
Simultaneous detection of CaMV35S and NOS using fluorescence sensors with dual emission silver nanoclusters and catalytic hairpin amplification strategy
Authors: Ye Yongkang , Zhai Yinghui , Zhang Chenlu , Li Xu , Wang Shaopeng , Lu Yuexi , Cao Xiaodong , He Shudong , Zheng Haisong , Li Yunfei , Tao Yunlai
Published: August 2024

Reliable, rapid and cost-efficient tools for the inspection and discrimination of genetically modified (GM) ingredients in food and food-related products are highly demanded to enforce relevant regulations in many countries. Herein, a dual-emission fluorescent biosensing method was developed for simultaneously quantitative analysis of CaMV35S and NOS in GM plants. Two designed hairpin DNA (H1, H2) sequences were used as templates to synthesize H1-AgNCs (λex = 570 nm, λem = 625 nm) and H2-AgNCs (λex = 470 nm, λem = 555 nm). By using H1-AgNCs and H2-AgNCs as dual-signal tags, combined with signal amplification strategy of magnetic separation to reduce background signal and an enzyme-free catalytic hairpin assembly (CHA) signal amplification strategy, a novel multi-target fluorescent biosensor was fabricated to detect multiple targets based on FRET between signal tags (donors) and magnetic Fe3O4 modified graphene oxide (Fe3O4@GO, acceptors). In the presence of the target NOS and CaMV35S, the hairpin structures of H1 and H2 can be opened respectively, and the exposed sequences will hybridize with the G-rich hairpin sequences HP1 and HP2 respectively, displacing the target sequences to participate in the next round of CHA cycle. Meanwhile, H1-HP1, H2-HP2 double-stranded DNA sequences (dsDNA) were formed, resulting the desorption of dsDNA from the surface of Fe3O4@GO due to weak π-π interaction between dsDNA and Fe3O4@GO, and leading to the fluorescence recovery of AgNCs. Under optimal conditions, the linear range of this fluorescence sensor were 5 ~ 300 nmol L− 1 for NOS and 5 ~ 200 nmol L− 1CaMV35S, and the LODs were 0.14 nmol L− 1 and 0.18 nmol L− 1, respectively. In addition, the fluorescence sensor has good selectivity for the detection of NOS and CaMV35S in GM soybean samples, showing the potential applications in GM screening.
Quiescent adipose tissue-derived stromal cells in mechanically compliant hydrogel accelerate diabetic wound healing through enhanced functions and extended dwell time
Authors: Funaki Makoto , Hata Akiko , Yoshida Mitsuteru , Miyamoto Naoki , Ikuta Takahisa , Uemura Yuta , Akizuki Minato , Tangoku Akira , Ogawa Hirohisa , Oya Takeshi , Yumoto Hiromichi
Published: August 2024

Despite the therapeutic potential of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC), there are few clinical applications. One of the reasons is that MSC administered by conventional methods quickly disappear from the recipient, which leads to insufficient efficacy. We previously reported that MSC become quiescent in hydrogel with stiffness mimicking that of bone marrow or adipose tissue. In this study, we investigated whether inducing quiescence in adipose tissue-derived stromal cells (ADSC), one type of MSC, may overcome such a weakness. ADSC became quiescent in biocompatible gel whose stiffness matched that of adipose tissue, even in the presence of tumor necrosis factor α and interferon γ to mimic an inflammatory environment in vitro. Quiescent ADSC exhibited enhanced anti-inflammatory functions and fibroblast migration in vitro, suggesting enhanced therapeutic functions of ADSC by quiescence. Subcutaneous transplantation of quiescent ADSC accelerated wound healing in diabetic mice, which can also be attributed to their extended dwell time at the transplanted site, without any pathological changes. Inducing quiescence in ADSC also led to elimination of accumulated reactive oxygen species. These results suggest that quiescent ADSC may enhance the efficacy of ADSC-based cell therapies to treat diabetic wound healing.
Clinician Attitudes Towards Adoption of Evidence-Based Practice: A Nationwide Multiprofessional Cross-Sectional Study of Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services in Sweden
Authors: Santesson Anna Helena Elisabeth , Holmberg Robert , Bäckström Martin , Gustafsson Peik , Jarbin Håkan , Perrin Sean
Published: August 2024

Background: Implementation of evidence-based practice (EBP) in child and adolescent mental health services (CAMHS) is a priority to improve service delivery and outcomes. Clinicians’ EBP attitudes are likely to play a crucial role in implementation but are poorly understood. This study aimed to assess variation in EBP attitudes in a large national sample of CAMHS clinicians in Sweden, and to compare these to findings from the United States of America (USA).
Methods: CAMHS clinicians (n = 799; 60% response rate) completed the Evidence-Based Practice Attitude Scale (EBPAS) and items from the Organizational Readiness for Change Scale (ORC) ahead of an EBP for depression implementation effort across Sweden. EBPAS scores were compared with the USA study. Predictors of global and specific attitudes (gender, age, working years, education, profession, perceived benefit of diagnosis and organizational readiness and type of service) were examined using simple and multiple linear regressions.
Results: Clinicians had positive attitudes towards EBP on the four-dimensional subscales of the EBPAS, somewhat more so than their American counterparts. Clinician and organizational characteristics were related to at least one attitudinal dimension in both models, with perceived utility of diagnosis being the strongest and most consistent predictor across dimensions and models.
Conclusions: Results from this large-scale national study underscore the need to consider cultural, contextual, and individual variations in attitudes towards EBP when planning implementation efforts. Such efforts may need to be tailored to the working contexts, needs, and values of CAMHS clinicians, particularly their views on the utility of diagnosis.
Fear of falling in older adults: a multiple correspondence analysis of sociodemographic, physical and mental health related factors
Authors: Tabacchi Garden , Navarra Giovanni Angelo , Scardina Antonino , Thomas Ewan , D'Amico Antonella , Gene-Morales Javier , Colado Juan Carlos , Palma Antonio , Bellafiore Marianna
Published: August 2024

Fear of falling (FoF) is a disabling condition due to different factors. The present study assessed potential FoF predictors, among sociodemographic, physical, and mental health domains, and explored their structural patterns.
This cross-sectional study is part of the Physical Activity Promotion & Domestic Accidents Prevention (PAP & DAP) project, and was targeted to a sample of 229 independent older people. Correlation/regression analyses were used to explore relationships between FoF and the considered variables. A Multiple Correspondence Analysis (MCA) was conducted to show graphical patterns projected into space dimensions.
Fifty-nine % of the sample showed moderate/high concern of falling. MCA evidenced two dimensions: the first one explained 41.8% of the variance and was described by FoF, gender, leg strength, perceived mental health, musculoskeletal diseases, and PA status; the second dimension (12.3% of variance), was characterized by physical health, life objectives, education, upper body strength, and living in family/alone. The pattern elicited by MCA was characterized by older subjects with moderate/high FoF having low education or no occupation, being overweight and inactive, suffering from different diseases, having low physical fitness, and declaring low perceived physical and mental health. These results suggest that interventions aimed at reducing FoF should be addressed to this specific pattern of older people.
Backyard vs. barn eggs: differentiation and prediction models for two growing systems of hens based on isotopic, elemental, and fatty acid profiles of egg yolk
Authors: CRISTEA Gabriela , COVACIU Florina-Dorina D. , FEHER Ioana , PUSCAS Romulus , VOICA Cezara , DEHELEAN Adriana
Published: August 2024

Establishing the provenance of eggs from backyard growing system of hens can be challenging, in the context of high-value commercial products (the price of an egg from backyard chicken rearing system is double comparing with one from barn rearing regime). In this study, 90 egg yolk samples were investigated from isotopic, elemental and fatty acids profiles point of view. To identify the egg production system (backyard versus barn), three pattern recognition techniques were applied: linear discriminant analysis (LDA), k-nearest neighbor (k-NN) and multilayer perceptron artificial neural networks (MLP-ANN). LDA revealed a perfect separation for initial classification, while a percentage of 98.9% in cross-validation procedure was reached. From k-NN analysis, the overall classification rate was 98.4% for training set and 85.7% for testing set. After running the MLP-ANN, an overall percent of 100% for training set was obtained, while for the testing step decreased up to 92.3%, two samples being misclassified.
Characterizing the Luminosity Components of Luminous Infrared Galaxies in Multi-Wavelength from the X-ray to the far-infrared
Authors: Ali A. A. M. , Gadallah K. A.K. , Shalabiea O. M. , Beheary M. M.
Published: August 2024

We characterize luminosity components of Ultra/Luminous Infrared Galaxies (U/LIRGs) in multi-wavelength from the X-ray to far-infrared. A set of 63 AGN U/LIRGs was selected where these galaxies are powered by a central active galactic nucleus (AGN). Utilizing the X-CIGALE code, SEDs for these galaxies are carried out where their SEDs are fitted with observations. Accordingly, the physical parameters such as the stellar mass, the dust-to-gas mass ratio, and the star formation rate are calculated. The total luminosity and its decomposed components (stellar, AGN, X-ray) are also calculated. We characterized these luminosities in relative to the intrinsic luminosity and in relative to each other. As a function of the stellar mass, these luminosities reveal an increase with different correlation coefficients, showing a strong correlation of the stellar luminosity. In correlation with the intrinsic AGN power, the stellar, AGN, and X-ray luminosities are strongly correlates in their variation to the intrinsic AGN luminosity, showing stronger correlations of AGN, and X-ray luminosities than those of the stellar one. In relationships between various luminosity components, both the stellar and X-ray luminosities reveal strong correlations with the AGN luminosity. On the other hand, the X-ray luminosity varies strongly with the stellar luminosity and intermediate with stellar or IR luminosity. Compared to obscured AGN galaxies, both the stellar and AGN luminosities similarly vary with increasing the intrinsic power of the active nucleus but for obscured AGN they are faster in their variation than that of U/LIRG. These correlations may offer valuable insights to understand the physical properties and their relationships through the evolution of U/LIRGs.
Integrating Radiomics Features from CT Imaging to Enhance Prognostic Accuracy and Clinical Decision-Making in Resectable Gastric Cancer
Authors: Kim Minkyu , Cho Sangwuk , Lim Joonseok , Hwang Taehyun , Cheong Jaeho , Kim Hwiyoung
Published: August 2024

Background: For resectable gastric cancer, postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy remains the standard modality for preventing recurrence and improving survival. Although a previous study proposed a model for stratifying risk and determining the likelihood of chemotherapeutic benefit following surgery, this model requires molecular genomic analysis of tumour tissues and only uses unidimensional data. However, a recent study revealed that a multiomics approach reflects more compressive cancer characteristics, providing more precise prediction of treatment response. Recent advancements indicate that radiomics features are predictive biomarkers of treatment response. The present study investigated whether computed tomography (CT) image-based quantitative radiomics combined with genomics data can provide clinically actionable information for a more detailed stratification of cancer patients.
Methods: This retrospective multicohort study included patients with advanced gastric cancer treated with surgery plus adjuvant chemotherapy or surgery alone. Two filters were used to extract 1,106 radiomics features from preoperative venous-phase CT images. Dimensional reduction was performed via Cox regression with the LASSO method, following which the coefficients were used to determine the Rad-score. The optimal cutoff point was determined via the Kaplan-Meier method and used to divide the cohort into high- and low-risk groups. The primary endpoints were the predictive and prognostic performance of the Rad-score and nomogram in terms of overall survival and the value of adding the Rad-score to genetic information.
Findings: The optimal Rad-score (11·978379207) successfully stratified patients into low- and high risk groups. Improved survival was noted among patients defined to have a ‘poor prognosis’ with GZMB–, WARS–, and SFRP+ genetic test results and among high-risk patients based on the Rad-score when no adjuvant chemotherapy was provided. Interpretation: Our findings suggest that the Rad-score can be used to further stratify patients in the response group, preventing potentially ineffective treatment and unnecessary adverse events in those with advanced gastric cancer
An examination of requirements for powered air-purifying respirator (PAPR) utilization as an alternative to lockdown
Authors: Fujii Yusak
Published: August 2024

Introduction With the emergence of COVID-19 variants and new viruses, is it uncertain when will the next pandemic strike to us again. The last measure to stop the spread of infection is lockdown, which causes enormous economic and social damage. It is important to find less damaging alternatives to lockdown.Objectives The feasibility of utilizing powered air-purifying respirator (PAPR) as an alternative to lockdown and as a means of infection control is discussed. In particular, an outlook on the PAPR wearing rate and PAPR aerosol shielding performance, which are required to adequately control the spread of infection, is obtained.Method The PAPR wearing rate and PAPR aerosol shielding performance necessary to control infection as an alternative to lockdown is investigated using a simple simulation under limited conditions.Results When using a PAPR with 100% aerosol shielding in sir supply, the ratio of people who always wear the PAPR needed to adjust from a critical infection spread situation with the effective reproduction number Rt = 2 to the target effective reproduction number Rt_target = 0.9 is only 55%. When everyone wears PAPR, the reduction ratio in the probability of becoming infected by PAPR supplying air Ir_in needed to adjust from a critical infection spread situation with the effective reproduction number Rt = 2 to the target effective reproduction number Rt_target = 0.9 is only 55%.Conclusions The possibility of utilizing PAPR as a lockdown alternative was demonstrated.
Nationwide assessment of pyrethroid resistance escalation and investigation of its molecular basis in Anopheles funestus from Cameroon
Authors: Tazokong Hervé Raoul , Tchamga Stevia Ntadoun , Tchouakui Magellan , Assatse Tatiane , Djova Steve Valdi , Mugenzi Leon M. J. , Mahamat Gadji , Boyomo Onana , Wondji Charles Sinclair
Published: August 2024

Background: Malaria prevention still relies greatly on vector control interventions. However, increasing levels of resistance to pyrethroids across Africa have significantly reduced the efficacy of pyrethroid-based interventions leading to a stagnation and/or an increase of malaria burden. Consequently, it is imperative to nation-widely characterize the extent and molecular basis of this resistance.
Methods: This study was conducted from 2020 to 2021 in a South-North transect across Cameroon to assess patterns of resistance to insecticides in Anopheles funestus, establish its impact on efficacy of insecticide-treated nets and investigate underlying molecular mechanisms. Taqman assay and nested PCR were used to determine Plasmodium sporozoite prevalence. Genotyping of known genetic markers as well as species identification was done using PCR technique while quantitative PCR was used to determine gene expression.
Results: High pyrethroid resistance intensity was noticed in all sites with mortalities ranging from 80-93.9%, 84.9-96.7% and 82% for permethrin, deltamethrin and alphacypermethrin at 10x concentration respectively.
This high level of resistance led to dramatic inefficacy of pyrethroid-only nets with 0-17% mortality recorded 24-hour post exposure while PBO-based nets displayed optimal efficacy. The L119F-GSTe2 allele was higher in the South (56-68%) compared to the North (20-37%) meanwhile the P450-linked 4.3kb structural variant was fixed contrasting with the absence of the CYP6P9a/b-R, 6.5kb insertion and N485I-Ace1 alleles. Furthermore, the L119F-GSTe2allele confers significant ability to mosquito to survive permethrin. In addition, the CYP325A, CYP6P5, CYP6P9a/b, and the Carb2514 were the most overexpressed genes in pyrethroid resistant mosquitoes. However, no further association was noticed between these alleles/genes and increasing doses of pyrethroids.
Conclusion: This study confirms the escalation of pyrethroid resistance across Cameroon and the inefficacy of pyrethroid-only nets and highlights genes potentially implicated in the aggravation of insecticide resistance.
Effect of wearable robot Bot Fit’s hip joint-centered assist torque and voice coach on walking
Authors: Shin Jang-hoon , Byeon Naeun , Yu Heeju , Lee Dokwan , Lee Hwang-Jae , Lee Wan-hee
Published: August 2024

Background
The main key to the 4th industrial era is robots, and wearable robots are incorporated into human healthcare. Samsung Electronics' Bot Fit is a hip joint-centered assistive robot that can induce walking posture and energetic walking exercises.
Methods
This study is a cross-section study. Fifty-eight subjects consisting of older and younger adults participated. The straight walking test was conducted under the conditions of bare body, wearing the wearable robot Bot Fit assist mode, and applying voice coach. Spatio-temporal gait parameters were analyzed and the statistical significance level was set at 0.05.
Results
When assist mode and voice coach were applied, pelvic movement in 3 axes, stride length, walking speed, and swing phase ratio compared to the bare body increased, and in assist mode, the difference in left and right stride lengths decreased.
Conclusion
The appropriate combination of assist mode and voice coach can increase the effectiveness of walking exercise while wearing Bot Fit.
Trial registration
Clinical Research Information Service, KCT0007974. Registered 12/07/2022
Bioinspired hydrophobic pseudo-hydrogel for programmable shape-morphing
Authors: Deng Heng , Xianchen Xu , Wang Zhigang , Chai Zefan , Hu Yuhang , Huang Tony , Zhang Cheng , Collyer Wesley , Yan Chunjie
Published: August 2024

Inspired by counterintuitive water-swelling ability of the hydrophobic moss of the genus Sphagnum (Peat moss), we introduce a novel material—hydrophobic pseudo-hydrogel (HPH), composed of a pure hydrophobic silicone elastomer with a tailored porous structure. In contrast to conventional hydrogels, HPH achieves water-swelling through capillary forces and surface tension, presenting an unexpected water-swelling capability in hydrophobic matrices. We establish a theoretical framework elucidating the interplay of poro-elasto-capillary and surface tension forces, providing insights into the swelling behavior. By systematically programming the pore structure, we demonstrate tunable, anisotropic, and programmable swelling. This leads to dedicated self-shaping transformations. Incorporating magnetic particles, we engineer HPH-based soft robots capable of swimming, rolling, and walking. This study demonstrates a unique approach to achieve water-responsive behavior in hydrophobic materials, expanding the possibilities for programmable shape-morphing in soft materials and soft robotic applications.
Are in-kind transfer vouchers as flexible and efficient as cash?
Authors: Malliaros Peter , Pacheco-Jaramillo Alejandro , Robertson-Dean Melanie
Published: August 2024

This paper delves into the persistent challenge of income inequality, a phenomenon that spans across various levels of national economic development. Despite numerous strategies employed globally, significant reduction in income inequality, to a Gini Coefficient level of 0.2 or lower, remains unachieved. This study introduces the Counterbalance Economic (CBE) model, exploring its potential application in diverse economies including Australia, the United Kingdom, the United States, Switzerland, Germany, Canada, Chile, Slovenia, Latvia, and Hungary. The model suggests a possible increase in overall Gross Domestic Product (GDP) by 34% and a decrease in average inequality from a Gini Coefficient of 0.33 to 0.088. Notably, these outcomes are projected without necessitating tax increases. Analysis over a 13-year period indicates that in-kind transfer vouchers, a key component of the CBE model, could effectively reduce income inequality, contributing to increased employment, improved well-being, and lower poverty levels. The CBE model integrates elements from both Neoliberal and Keynesian economic theories, potentially offering a balanced approach to economic cycles without disproportionately impacting the lower 50% of income earners.
Exploring the role of circulating proteins in multiple myeloma risk: a Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Lee Matthew A. , Burley Kate L. , Hazelwood Emma L. , Moore Sally , Lewis Sarah J. , Goudswaard Lucy J.
Published: August 2024

Background
Multiple myeloma (MM) is an incurable blood cancer with unclear aetiology. Proteomics, the high-throughput measurement of circulating proteins, is a valuable tool in exploring mechanisms of disease. We investigated the causal relationship between circulating proteins and MM risk, using two of the largest cohorts with proteomics data to-date.
Methods
We performed bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR; forward MR = causal effect estimation of proteins and MM risk; reverse MR = causal effect estimation of MM risk and proteins). Summary statistics for plasma proteins were obtained from genome-wide association studies performed using SomaLogic (N = 35,559; deCODE) and Olink (N = 34,557; UK Biobank; UKB) proteomic platforms and for MM risk from a meta-analysis of UKB and FinnGen (case = 1,649; control = 727,247) or FinnGen only (case = 1,085; control = 271,463). Cis-SNPs associated with protein levels were used to instrument circulating proteins. We evaluated proteins for the consistency of directions of effect across MR analyses (with 95% confidence intervals not overlapping the null) and corroborating evidence from genetic colocalization.
Results
In the forward MR, 994 (SomaLogic) and 1,570 (Olink) proteins were instrumentable. 440 proteins were analysed in both deCODE and UKB; 302 (69%) of these showed consistent directions of effect in the forward MR. Seven proteins had 95% confidence intervals (CIs) that did not overlap the null in both forward MR analyses and did not have evidence for an effect in the reverse direction. MR evidence was strongest for the effect of dermatopontin on MM risk (deCODE) OR: 1.49 per SD higher protein levels, 95% CI 1.06–2.09; (UKB) OR: 1.47; 95% CI 1.14–1.90). Evidence from genetic colocalization did not meet our threshold for a shared causal signal between this protein and MM risk (h4 < 0.8).
Conclusions
Our results highlight seven circulating proteins which may be involved in MM risk. Although evidence from genetic colocalization suggests these associations may not be robust to horizontal pleiotropy, these proteins may be useful markers of MM risk. Future work should explore the utility of these proteins in disease prediction or prevention using proteomic data from patients with MM or precursor conditions.
Topology and size optimization of viscous dampers with discrete design variables by outer approximation
Authors: Pollini Nicolò
Published: August 2024

We propose a novel seismic retrofitting approach for the topology and size optimization of fluid viscous dampers using discrete design variables. The design variables are the damping coefficients of the dampers, and they are chosen from catalogs, leading to practical optimal design solutions. The optimization problems considered are formulated as mixed 0–1 nonlinear programming problems. An algorithm based on outer approximation and that relies on first-order information is proposed to find optimized designs with modest computational resources and time. The effectiveness of the proposed approach is demonstrated through optimal seismic retrofitting of three-dimensional irregular frame structures. In the optimization problem formulation, the retrofitted structures are subjected to realistic seismic ground acceleration records with constraints on inter-story drifts and total story accelerations.
Cryptocurrency investment: Evidence of financial literacy, experience, and risk tolerance
Authors: Sa’diyah Chalimatuz , Widagdo Bambang , Fitriasari Fika
Published: August 2024

The growing popularity of cryptocurrency as an investment choice among millennials demonstrates their inclination toward digital advancements and openness to exploring diverse investment opportunities. The study examines how financial literacy factors impact experience regret, investment decisions, and risk tolerance, while financial literacy also affects investment decisions, with experience regret and risk tolerance acting as a mediator. The study comprises 295 participants from the millennial demographic in Indonesia who are engaged in cryptocurrency investment. The data collection techniques employed in this study involve non-probability sampling methods through the distribution of questionnaires. The analysis in this study employs Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) in conjunction with Partial Least Squares (PLS) analysis tools. The results of this study suggest that financial literacy positively impacts regret experience, investment decisions, and risk tolerance with the respective sample values of 0.146, 0.397 and 0.449. Additionally, regret experience negatively influences investment decisions with a sample value of –0.385, while risk tolerance positively influences investment decisions with a sample value of 0.198. Financial literacy has a negative impact on investment decisions when regret experience acts as a mediator with a sample value of –0.056, but a positive impact when risk tolerance serves as a mediator with a sample value of 0.089. This complex relationship highlights the importance of considering multiple factors, including financial literacy, regret experience, and risk tolerance, in understanding and predicting investment decisions among individuals, particularly in the context of the millennial generation investing in cryptocurrency in Indonesia.
EXAMINING THE CORRELATION BETWEEN HIP ADDUCTOR MUSCLE STRENGTH, CORE STABILIZATION, AND LOWER EXTREMITY PERFORMANCE IN HEALTHY INDIVIDUALS
Authors: Ünal Süzer Nevriye , Büker Nihal , Süzer Akın
Published: August 2024

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the correlation between hip adductor muscle strength and endurance, core stabilization, and lower extremity performance.
Methodsː One hundred thirty-three healthy individuals were included in the study. Bilateral hip adductor muscle strength was evaluated with a compression test by using a sphygmomanometer, and endurance was evaluated by the number of hip adduction repetitions for each extremity performed in the side-lying position in one minute. Core stabilization was evaluated by the endurance of the trunk muscles (the time of maintaining the flexion of the trunk 60 degrees, the lateral bridge position, and the trunk extension against gravity). Lower extremity dynamic balance (Y balance test) and performance (single-leg and triple-crossover hop test) were also evaluated.
Resultsː A positive and moderate correlation was found between hip adductor muscle strength and endurance of nondominant (r=0.529, p
Hydrological drought assessment of the Sava River basin in South-Eastern Europe
Authors: Leščešen Igor , Gnjato Slobodan , Galinović Ida , Basarin Biljana
Published: August 2024

Hydrological drought poses significant challenges to water resources, ecosystems, and human activities, necessitating comprehensive investigation. Monthly streamflow data from 12 monitoring stations across the Sava River basin were utilized to compute the streamflow drought index (SDI). The Mann–Kendall test evaluated trends, and the SDI's hydrological states were classified based on cumulative streamflow volumes. The study identified an alarming 83.3% of stations exhibiting statistically significant decreases in summer streamflow, indicating a widespread and concerning trend of declining water availability in the Sava River basin. Drought severity was particularly pronounced in tributaries such as the Vrbas and Bosna rivers, emphasizing the heterogeneous nature of hydrological changes. These findings underscore the urgent need for adaptive water resource management strategies in the face of escalating hydrological drought risks, especially given the far-reaching consequences on agriculture, industry, ecosystems, and social well-being. The study provides crucial insights for developing targeted resilience measures tailored to the specific challenges presented by the diverse hydrological conditions in the Sava River basin.
The Role of TGFBR3 in the Development of Lung Cancer
Authors: Deng Xin , Ma Nuoya , He Junyu , Xu Fei , Zou Guoying
Published: August 2024

:

The Transforming Growth Factor-β (TGF-β) mediates embryonic development, maintains
cellular homeostasis, regulates immune function, and is involved in a wide range of other biological
processes. TGF-β superfamily signaling pathways play an important role in cancer development
and can promote or inhibit tumorigenesis. Type III TGF-β receptor (TGFBR3) is a co-receptor
in the TGF-β signaling pathway, which often occurs with reduced or complete loss of expression
in many cancer patients and can act as a tumor suppressor gene. The reduction or deletion of
TGFBR3 is more pronounced compared to other elements in the TGF-β signaling pathway. In recent
years, lung cancer is one of the major malignant tumors that endanger human health, and its
prognosis is poor. Recent studies have reported that TGFBR3 expression decreases to varying degrees
in different types of lung cancer, both at the tissue level and at the cellular level. The invasion,
metastasis, angiogenesis, and apoptosis of lung cancer cells are closely related to the expression
of TGFBR3, which strengthens the inhibitory function of TGFBR3 in the evolution of lung
cancer. This article reviews the mechanism of TGFBR3 in lung cancer and the influencing factors
associated with TGFBR3. Clarifying the physiological function of TGFBR3 and its molecular
mechanism in lung cancer is conducive to the diagnosis and treatment of lung cancer.
Huangqi Guizhi Wuwu Decoction Improves Inflammatory Factor Levels in Chemotherapy-induced Peripheral Neuropathy by Regulating the Arachidonic Acid Metabolic Pathway
Authors: Wang Shanshan , Du Xiaohui , Yan Guangli , Yang Le , Sun Hui , Zhang Xiwu , Kong Ling , Han Ying , Han Di , Tang Songyuan , Wang Xijun
Published: August 2024

Background:

Chemotherapy-induced Peripheral Neuropathy (CIPN) is a common complication
that arises from the use of anticancer drugs. Huangqi Guizhi Wuwu Decoction (HGWWD) is an effective classic
prescription for treating CIPN; however, the mechanism of the activity is not entirely understood.

Objective:

This study aimed to investigate the remedial effects and mechanisms of HGWWD on CIPN.

Methods:

Changes in behavioral, biochemical, histopathological, and biomarker indices were used to evaluate
the efficacy of HGWWD treatment. Ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry combined
with the pattern recognition method was used to screen biomarkers and metabolic pathways related to
CIPN. The results of pathway analyses were verified by protein blotting experiments.

Results:

A total of 29 potential biomarkers were identified and 13 metabolic pathways were found to be involved
in CIPN. In addition HGWWD reversed the levels of 19 biomarkers. Prostaglandin H2 and 17α,21-dihydroxypregnenolone
were targeted as core biomarkers.

Conclusion:

This study provides scientific evidence to support the finding that HGWWD mainly inhibits the
inflammatory response during CIPN by regulating arachidonic acid metabolism.
Network Pharmacology to Reveal the Mechanism of Fufang Banmao Capsule for Treating Unresectable Primary Liver Cancer and Clinical Data Validation
Authors: Hu Youwen , Xiao Yangyang , Wan Lijun , Wen Zhili
Published: August 2024

Introduction:

Fufang Banmao capsule (FFBM), a traditional Chinese medicine, has been used to
treat primary liver cancer (PLC) for several years. However, the bioactive ingredients, and mechanism of
FFBM for treating PLC remains unclear. Our objective is to utilize network pharmacology to investigate these
aspects and subsequently validate their effectiveness through clinical data.

Materials and Methods:

The FFBM ingredients were obtained from the HERB database and screened for
bioactive ingredients using the SwissTargetPrediction database. The PharmMapper and GEO database were
used to acquire targets and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) for FFBM and PLC, respectively. Common
targets were identified using Venn diagrams, followed by enrichment and protein-protein interaction (PPI)
analysis. Furthermore, the Cytoscape software was utilized to identify Hub genes and construct the ingredienttarget-
pathway network. Subsequently, patients diagnosed with unresectable PLC who underwent transcatheter
arterial chemoembolization (TACE) at our hospital between January 2008 and December 2019 were retrospectively
collected. Finally, Cox analysis was conducted to reveal the role of FFBM in the treatment of unresectable
PLC.

Results:

FFBM had 232 targets, and PLC had 1582 DEGs. HSP90AA1 and SRC were identified as crucial targets.
Alpha-santalol, glycyrrhizin, and morroniside were identified as the top three bioactive ingredients. Enrichment
analysis revealed a significant connection between FFBM utilization for treating PLC and multiple
pathways, such as chemical carcinogenesis, PI3K-AKT, Rap1, FoxO, MAPK, and VEGF pathway. Clinic data
revealed that consuming FFBM significantly improved the prognosis of unresectable PLC with a hazard ratio
of 0.69.

Conclusion:

Our study identified the bioactive ingredients of FFBM and its potential mechanisms for treating
PLC. Additionally, we validated the effectiveness through clinical data.
Ballota acetabulosa (L). Bentham: A First-Time GC-MS Analysis and Antioxidant Potential of its Essential Oil
Authors: Yazgan-Ekici Ayse Nur , Bakar-Ates Filiz , Aslan Erdem Sinem , Sever-Yilmaz Betul
Published: August 2024

Background:

Ballota acetabulosa native to the Mediterranean region, belonging to
the Lamiaceae family, holds significance in folk medicine. Externally, it is applied for treating
cuts and burns, while internally, it is utilized to alleviate inflammation, suppress cough, and address
gastrointestinal issues.

Methods:

This study aimed to investigate the chemical composition of the essential oil of Ballota
acetabulosa and to evaluate the antioxidant capacity of the essential oil, as well as the aqueous
and ethanolic extracts of the plant. Essential oil analysis was performed using Gas Chromatography-
Mass Spectrometry (GC–MS), while 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical
scavenging activity and inhibition of lipid peroxidation assays were applied to the essential oil,
water, and ethanol extracts of the plant.

Results:

Spathulenol was found to be the predominant constituent of the essential oil, comprising
25.03% of the oil. Compared to the control group (Propyl gallate for DPPH, IC50 0.109;
BHT for inhibition of lipid peroxidation, IC50 0.133), the essential oil was found to have insignificant
antioxidant activity (IC50 value 10.395 mg/mL for DPPH, 1.051 mg/mL for inhibition of
lipid peroxidation). Moreover, ethanolic extract (IC50 value 1.583 mg/mL for DPPH, 0.029
mg/mL for inhibition of lipid peroxidation) exerted more antioxidant activity than aqueous extract
(IC50 value 1.9017 mg/mL for DPPH, 0.161 mg/mL for inhibition of lipid peroxidation).

Conclusion:

Hitherto, this is the earliest report on the composition and activity of the essential
oil Ballota acetabulosa. However, further investigation of different antioxidant capacity assays
is suggested to highlight potential variations in mechanisms of action and subsequent results.
Everything considered, this study advances the comprehension of the chemical composition and
possible therapeutic uses of Ballota acetabulosa, highlighting the need for more research into its
uses.
TCM@MPXV: A Resource for Treating Monkeypox Patients in
Traditional Chinese Medicine
Authors: Zhang Xin , Zhou Feiran , Zhang Pinglu , Zou Quan , Zhang Ying
Published: August 2024

Introduction:

Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) has been extensively employed in
the treatment of Monkeypox Virus (MPXV) infections, and it has historically played a significant
role in combating diseases like contagious pox-like viral diseases in China.

Method:

Various traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) therapies have been recommended for patients
with monkeypox virus (MPXV). However, as far as we know, there is no comprehensive database
dedicated to preserving and coordinating TCM remedies for combating MPXV. To address
this gap, we introduce TCM@MPXV, a carefully curated repository of research materials focusing
on formulations with anti-MPXV properties. Importantly, TCM@MPXV extends its scope beyond
herbal remedies, encompassing mineral-based medicines as well.

Result:

The current iteration of TCM@MPXV boasts an impressive array of features, including (1)
Documenting over 42 types of TCM herbs, with more than 27 unique herbs; (2) Recording over 285
bioactivity compounds within these herbs; (3) Launching a user-friendly web server for the docking,
analysis, and visualization of 2D or 3D molecular structures; and (4) Providing 3D structures of
druggable proteins of MPXV.

Conclusion:

To summarize, TCM@MPXV presents a user-friendly and effective platform for recording,
querying, and viewing anti-MPXV TCM resources and will contribute to the development
and explanation of novel anti-MPXV mechanisms of action to aid in the ongoing battle against
monkeypox. TCM@MPXV is accessible for academic use at http://101.34.238.132:5000/.
A Study of the Effect of Bancha Green Tea Extract and Catechin Fraction
on Sildenafil Pharmacokinetics in Rats
Authors: Radeva-Ilieva Maya , Stoeva Stanila , Hvarchanova Nadezhda , Georgieva Marieta , Slavov Iliya , D. Georgiev Kaloyan
Published: August 2024

Background:

Sildenafil is a drug that belongs to the group of phosphodiesterase-5
inhibitors. It is used in the treatment of erectile dysfunction and pulmonary arterial hypertension.
Sildenafil undergoes metabolism in the liver by CYP3A4 and CYP2C9. Therefore, drug interactions
may occur if sildenafil is taken simultaneously with CYP3A4 and CYP2C9 inhibitors such
as green tea catechins.

Objective:

The aim of the present work was to analyze epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) and
caffeine content in total extract and catechin fraction from Bancha green tea leaves as well as to
assess their effect on sildenafil pharmacokinetics in rats.

Methods:

Animals received sildenafil alone and in combination with total Bancha green tea extract,
catechin fraction or ketoconazole (a well-known CYP3A4 inhibitor). The plant extracts and
the plasma concentrations of sildenafil were analyzed with high-performance liquid chromatography.

Results:

Administration of sildenafil after pretreatment of the rats with total extract and catechin
fraction from Bancha green tea resulted in a statistically significant increase in Cmax, AUC0-t and
AUC0-inf and a decrease in the volume of distribution and clearance of sildenafil compared to the
control group. A significant increase in Cmax, AUC0-t and AUC0-inf of sildenafil was also observed
after simultaneous intake of sildenafil and ketoconazole.

Conclusion:

Co-administration of sildenafil and the isolated Bancha green tea extracts led to a
significant change in sildenafil pharmacokinetics in rats. Therefore, further, in vivo studies are
necessary to clarify the exact mechanisms responsible for the interactions established as well as
to evaluate the risk for clinically significant interactions in humans.
Vitamin B6 Via p-JNK/Nrf-2/NF-κB Signaling Ameliorates Cadmium Chloride-Induced Oxidative Stress Mediated Memory Deficits in Mice Hippocampus
Authors: Nasir Abdul , Ur Rahman Mujeeb , Khan Manzar , Zahid Muhammad , Shahab Muhammad , Jiao Hongjun , Zeb Amir , Shah Shahid Ali , Khan Haroon
Published: August 2024

Background:

Cadmium chloride (Cd) is a pervasive environmental heavy metal pollutant
linked to mitochondrial dysfunction, memory loss, and genetic disorders, particularly in the context of
neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's disease (AD).

Methods:

This study investigated the neurotherapeutic potential of vitamin B6 (Vit. B6) in mitigating
Cd-induced oxidative stress and neuroinflammation-mediated synaptic and memory dysfunction.
Adult albino mice were divided into four groups: Control (saline-treated), Cd-treated, Cd+Vit. B6-
treated, and Vit. B6 alone-treated. Cd and Vit. B6 were administered intraperitoneally, and behavioral
tests (Morris Water Maze, Y-Maze) were conducted. Subsequently, western blotting, antioxidant assays,
blood glucose, and hyperlipidemia assessments were performed.

Results:

Cd-treated mice exhibited impaired cognitive function, while Cd+Vit. B6-treated mice
showed significant improvement. Cd-induced neurotoxic effects, including oxidative stress and neuroinflammation,
were observed, along with disruptions in synaptic proteins (SYP and PSD95) and activation
of p-JNK. Vit. B6 administration mitigated these effects, restoring synaptic and memory deficits.
Molecular docking and MD simulation studies confirmed Vit. B6's inhibitory effect on IL-1β,
NRF2, and p-JNK proteins.

Conclusion:

These results highlight Vit. B6 as a safe therapeutic supplement to mitigate neurodegenerative
disorders, emphasizing the importance of assessing nutritional interventions for combating environmental
neurotoxicity in the interest of public health.
Marble Surface Anomaly Detection Using Autoencoder Architecture
Authors: Abdullah Yahya , Öz Cemil
Published: August 2024

Marble is a material that is commonly used for building components such as furniture, flooring, countertops, bathrooms, windows in homes etc. Due to the many uses of marble in various aspects, marble surface detection is important for this industry to improve quality and avoid financial problems that may occur. In previous research, many methods such as wavelet transform, Gabor transform, co-occurrence matrix and artificial neural network were implemented in defect detection (fabric or other tasks). In this study we built a platform that aims to detect anomalies on marble surfaces using Autoencoders architecture, Keras library and Python programming language. To test the model that has been created, a marble surface dataset obtained from kaggle.com, one of the largest dataset provider sites, was used and an accuracy of 89% was obtained. The conclusions of this study include the effectiveness of this method in detecting anomalies, the advantages of the autoencoder architecture compared to other methods, and the potential practical applications of these findings in various fields. By utilizing the autoencoder's ability to reconstruct data, anomaly detection can be performed by comparing the reconstructed results with the original data. The main advantage of this approach lies in its ability to tackle the problem of anomaly detection without the need for class labels