bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Spatio‐temporal neural network for taxi demand prediction using multisource urban data
Authors: Wu Chenhao , Xiang Longgang , Yan Jialin , Zhang Yeting
Published: May 2022

Predicting traffic demand is a crucial problem to saving energy and resource pre‐allocation as well as traffic construction planning. The problem is also challenging owing to its non‐linear changing process and complex spatio‐temporal dependencies. Most existing studies train prediction models on traffic data itself and ignore the impact of exogenous factors, thus leading to unsatisfactory performance. To address this issue, we propose a deep neural network, which utilizes multisource urban data to capture specific geospatial and temporal dependencies, for city‐scale taxi demand forecasting. In terms of time dependency, a temporal guidance block is developed to enhance the correlation between time intervals by incorporating time metadata. To capture the geospatial dependencies, we build three parallel geospatial guidance branches that integrate multiple urban data, including population data, POIs, and road networks, to guide the modeling. Each branch contains a geocontext‐aware convolutional layer for extracting geospatial features and a self‐attention mechanism for capturing long‐range spatial dependencies. Extensive experiments have been conducted to demonstrate the superiority of our model over the existing methods, and the prediction error is 16% lower than the state‐of‐the‐art model. We also explore the sensitivity to its parameters and discuss the contributions and limitations of the proposed method.
Occurrence and bacterial loads of Bartonella and haemotropic Mycoplasma species in privately owned cats and dogs and their fleas from East and Southeast Asia
Authors: Zarea Aya Attia Koraney , Bezerra‐Santos Marcos Antonio , Nguyen Viet‐Linh , Colella Vito , Dantas‐Torres Filipe , Halos Lenaig , Beugnet Frederic , Tempesta Maria , Otranto Domenico , Greco Grazia
Published: May 2022

Bartonella spp. and haemoplasmas are pathogens of veterinary and medical interest with ectoparasites mainly involved in their transmission. This study aimed at molecular detection of Bartonella spp. and haemoplasmas in cats (n = 93) and dogs (n = 96), and their related fleas (n = 189) from countries in East and Southeast Asia. Ctenocephalides felis was the dominant flea species infesting both cats (97.85%) and dogs (75%) followed by Ctenocephalides orientis in dogs (18.75%) and rarely in cats (5.2%). Bartonella spp. DNA was only detected in blood samples of flea‐infested cats (21.51%) (p < .0001, OR = 27.70) with Bartonella henselae more frequently detected than Bartonella clarridgeiae in cat hosts (15.05%, 6.45%) and their associated fleas (17.24%, 13.79%). Out of three Bartonella‐positive fleas from dogs, two Ct. orientis fleas carried Bartonella vinsonii subsp. berkhoffii and Bartonella clarridgeiae, while the 3rd flea (Ct. felis) carried Candidatus Bartonella merieuxii. Felines represented a risk factor for Bartonella spp. infections, where fleas collected from cats (32.25%) presented an increased likelihood for Bartonella spp. occurrence (p < .0001, OR = 14.76) than those from dogs (3.13%). Moreover, when analysing infectious status, higher Bartonella spp. DNA loads were detected in fleas from bacteraemic cats compared to those from non‐bacteraemic ones (p < .05). The haemoplasma occurrence was 16.13% (15/93) and 4.17% (4/96) in cat and dog blood samples from different countries (i.e. Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Taiwan and Thailand), with cats more at risk of infection (p < .01, OR = 5.96) than dogs. Unlike Bartonella spp., there was no evidence for flea involvement in the hemoplasmas' transmission cycle, thus supporting the hypothesis of non‐vectorial transmission for these pathogens. In conclusion, client‐owned cats and dogs living in East and Southeast Asia countries are exposed to vector‐borne pathogens with fleas from cats playing a key role in Bartonella spp. transmission, thus posing a high risk of infection for humans sharing the same environment.
Numerical and Experimental Investigation of Heat Distribution and Residual Stress Variation on Stacked Thin Sheets of CRNO Electrical Steel Post Tungsten Inert Gas and Cold Metal Transfer Welding
Authors: Dharmik Bhushan Y. , Lautre Nitin Kumar
Published: May 2022

The paper presents a numerical and experimental investigation on the stacking of thin, cold rolled nongrain-oriented (CRNO) electrical steel sheets post-tungsten inert gas (TIG) and cold metal transfer (CMT) welding for predicting the effects of TIG and CMT welding current on weld geometry, temperature field, and residual stress distribution in thin, stacked weld sheets. Numerical simulation of a transient nonlinear thermal three-dimensional (3D) element based on actual weld conditions was carried out using ansys software by employing a moving heat source model based on a 3D Gaussian distribution to predict changes in temperature. As a result of the thermal history provided by the model, a mechanical analysis is performed to determine the residual stress distribution and the surface distortion in the element. A significant increase in weld penetration and weld width of the samples was observed with the increase in welding current, as well as a change in the temperature field in the weld zone. Moreover, both the experimental and numerical data are consistent in their estimation of the generation of residual stresses in the weld samples. A numerical model is presented for predicting the thermomechanical behavior of TIG and CMT welded stacked CRNO structures in the stator core of electric motors.
Theoretical Study on Thermal Hydraulic Expansion Process of Stainless Steel Lined Clad Pipe
Authors: Liu Yanbin , Wang Xuesheng , Yu Junjiang , Qin Xinya , Zheng Jiameng , Sang Guoxun
Published: May 2022

The stainless steel lined clad pipe (SSLCP) can be widely used in different fields. Industrial SSLCP are generally manufactured by the cold hydraulic expansion (CHE) method which requires high hydraulic pressure and good sealing property. The interlayer bonding force is difficult to obtain by the CHE when there is little difference between the yield strengths of inner and outer pipes. Furthermore, the hydraulic expansion process nearly cannot be achieved when the yield strength of inner pipe is higher than that of outer pipe. The thermal hydraulic expansion (THE) method can overcome these difficulties. In this paper, the graph method was adopted to analyze the THE principles for “inner strong and outer weak (ISOW)” and “outer strong and inner weak (OSIW)” pipes. The effective hydraulic expansion criterion conditions of SSLCPs were proposed and can be used as basis of clad pipe material matching and forming process selection. Through the stress and strain analysis of inner and outer pipes during THE process, the deformation coordination conditions of elastic deformation and thermal deformation of the inner and outer pipe were established. The correlation between the residual contact pressure p*c, the hydraulic expansion pressure pi, and the effective temperature difference ΔTe were derived. The calculation formula of the maximum expansion pressure pimax and the minimum expansion pressure pimin was obtained. The maximum heating temperature of outer pipe was also derived. Furthermore, the finite element analysis (FEA) method was adopted and simulated results verify the feasibility and applicability of the theory study.
The Effect of Flow Channel Geometry on Thermomechanical Performance of Printed Circuit Heat Exchanger (PCHE)
Authors: Jiragoontansiri Witiwat , Woravisuttsarakul Teerapat , Sae-Pueng Rinrada , Sukjai Yanin
Published: May 2022

The carbon-free energy systems such as nuclear can benefit from compact and highly efficient heat exchanger technologies. The plate-type compact heat exchangers such as the printed circuit heat exchanger (PCHE) holds promise to fulfill these requirements. This work presents the thermal-hydraulic and structural analysis of PCHE for molten salt applications with thermal energy storage. In this study, three distinct types of geometry are chosen for the analysis, i.e., the zigzag channel type, the airfoil fin type, and the slotted fin type. For the working fluid, FLiBe (Li2BeF4) and solar salt (60% NaNO3 and 40% KNO3) are chosen for hot side and cold side, respectively. Titanium grade 5 is chosen as the structural material. The study is conducted by computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and finite element method (FEM) analysis. The thermomechanical behavior including pressure drop, fluid temperature, velocity profile, stress, and deformation of the flow channel were considered in this work. From the results, the zigzag channel geometry gives the best thermal hydraulic performance in terms of heat transfer and pressure drop. The structural analysis shows that the stress intensity has an exponential growth with power generation level with zigzag channel geometry being the highest out of three geometries. Overall, the zigzag channel PCHE is still the most suitable geometry for this application. Zigzag channel geometry should be substituted with an alternative geometry at a high-power application having both airfoil-fin and slotted-fin geometry at relatively identical stress intensity.
Comanipulation Robotic Platform for Spine Surgery With Exteroceptive Visual Coupling: Development and Experimentation
Authors: Koszulinski Alizée , Sandoval Juan , Vendeuvre Tanguy , Zeghloul Saïd , Laribi Med Amine
Published: May 2022

In this paper, a novel surgical robotic platform intended to assist surgeons in cervical spine surgery is presented. The purpose of this surgery is to treat the cervical spine instabilities. The surgical procedure requires drilling into specific region of the vertebrae in order to attach spinal implants and thus ensure a normal spacing between each vertebra concerned. In this context, the proposed robotic platform allows to control and restrict the surgeon's movements to a specific drilling direction set by the surgeon. The current platform is composed of a collaborative robot with seven degrees-of-freedom (DoF) equipped with a drilling tool and directly comanipulated by the surgeon. A motion capture system, as an exteroceptive sensor device, provides the robot controller with the movement data of the vertebra to be drilled. Robot Operating System (ROS) framework is used to enable real-time communication between the collaborative robot and the visual exteroceptive device. In addition, an implemented compliance control program allows to enhance the safety aspect of the robotic platform. Indeed, the collaborative robot follows the patient's movements while constraining the tool movements to an optimal trajectory as well as a limited drilling depth selected by the surgeon. The collaborative robot's elbow movements are also restricted by exploiting the null-space in order to avoid collisions with other equipment or the medical team members. Experimental drilling trials have been performed by an orthopedic surgeon to validate the usefulness and different functionalities of the developed robotic platform, and provide that a collaborative robot can comply with a spine surgery procedure. These preliminary tests were performed in a lumbar spine model for which the use of a robotic device is most frequent due to a lower complexity compared to the cervical spine.
Thermophysical Analysis of Microconfined Turbulent Flow Regimes at Supercritical Fluid Conditions in Heat Transfer Applications
Authors: Bernades Marc , Jofre Lluís
Published: May 2022

The technological opportunities enabled by understanding and controlling microscale systems have not yet been capitalized to disruptively improve energy processes, especially heat transfer and power generation. The main limitation corresponds to the laminar flows typically encountered in microdevices, which result in small mixing and transfer rates. This is a central unsolved problem in the thermal–fluid sciences. Therefore, this work focuses on analyzing the potential of supercritical fluids to achieve turbulence in microconfined systems by studying their thermophysical properties. In particular, a real-gas thermodynamic model, combined with high-pressure transport coefficients, is utilized to characterize the Reynolds number achieved as a function of supercritical pressures and temperatures. The results indicate that fully turbulent flows can be attained for a wide range of working fluids related to heat transfer applications, power cycles and energy conversion systems, and presenting increment ratios of O(100) with respect to atmospheric (subcritical) thermodynamic conditions. The underlying physical mechanism to achieve relatively high Reynolds numbers is based on operating within supercritical thermodynamic states (close to the critical point and pseudo-boiling region) in which density is relatively large while dynamic viscosity is similar to that of a gas. In addition, based on the Reynolds numbers achieved and the thermophysical properties of the fluids studied, an assessment of heat transfer at turbulent microfluidic conditions is presented to demonstrate the potential of supercritical fluids to enhance the performances of standard microfluidic systems by factors up to approximately 50×.
Three-Dimensional Biomechanical Modeling for Sitting Contact Stress Analysis
Authors: Zhong Xianzhi , Liu Yuezhi , Faieghi Reza , Xi Fengfeng
Published: May 2022

This paper proposes a three-dimensional biomechanical model of the upper body and analyzes the interaction between the upper body and aircraft seat backrest for different sitting postures and backrest recline angles. The reclined sitting postures of the upper body are defined based on the available spine biomechanical data and the multibody inverse kinematics method. The contact loadings on each contacted spine segment are calculated based on the Newton-Euler dynamic formulation. The backrest contact pressure distribution is simulated using the contact stress theory based on the calculated forces on the backrest. The resultant force and pressure distribution show how the backrest inclination and lateral bending of the trunk affect the backrest loading and contact condition. The simulation results are compared to the experimental measurement for validation, and a good correspondence is found. The parameters, including the average and maximum pressure, and pressure standard deviation based on the pressure distribution, are also compared, and the maximum simulation error is 11.5% on the average pressure. Limitations of the model are discussed. The model proposed in this paper can analyze more posture cases than previous studies that focused on the two-dimensional scenarios. The loading and pressure prediction model can be applied for backrest design evaluation and facilitate seat design optimization.
Absent, Incapable, and “Normal”: Understanding the Inclusiveness of Visually Impaired Students’ Experiences in Integrated Physical Education
Authors: Haegele Justin A. , Ball Lindsay E. , Zhu Xihe , Keene M. Ally , Nowland Lindsey A.
Published: May 2022

The purpose of this study was to examine the inclusiveness of visually impaired youths’ experiences in integrated physical education. An experiential qualitative research approach was utilized, and 22 visually impaired youth (age 12–17 years) acted as participants. Data sources included one-on-one Zoom interviews, written responses to long-answer prompts, and reflexive interview notes. Data were analyzed using a reflexive thematic analysis approach, and three themes were constructed: (a) I’m not there, so how could I: The absent person; (b) I can’t see, so I can’t do it: The incapable person; and (c) It’d be nice to feel like everyone else: The “normal” person. Participants described that feelings of inclusion were unavailable to them and that feeling, and being viewed as, absent, incapable, and (not) “normal” highlighted this unavailability.
Paradoxical somatodendritic decoupling supports cortical plasticity during REM sleep
Authors: Aime Mattia , Calcini Niccolò , Borsa Micaela , Campelo Tiago , Rusterholz Thomas , Sattin Andrea , Fellin Tommaso , Adamantidis Antoine
Published: May 2022

Rapid eye movement (REM) sleep is associated with the consolidation of emotional memories. Yet, the underlying neocortical circuits and synaptic mechanisms remain unclear. We found that REM sleep is associated with a somatodendritic decoupling in pyramidal neurons of the prefrontal cortex. This decoupling reflects a shift of inhibitory balance between parvalbumin neuron–mediated somatic inhibition and vasoactive intestinal peptide–mediated dendritic disinhibition, mostly driven by neurons from the central medial thalamus. REM-specific optogenetic suppression of dendritic activity led to a loss of danger-versus-safety discrimination during associative learning and a lack of synaptic plasticity, whereas optogenetic release of somatic inhibition resulted in enhanced discrimination and synaptic potentiation. Somatodendritic decoupling during REM sleep promotes opposite synaptic plasticity mechanisms that optimize emotional responses to future behavioral stressors.
High-resolution mapping of losses and gains of Earth’s tidal wetlands
Authors: Murray Nicholas J. , Worthington Thomas A. , Bunting Pete , Duce Stephanie , Hagger Valerie , Lovelock Catherine E. , Lucas Richard , Saunders Megan I. , Sheaves Marcus , Spalding Mark , Waltham Nathan J. , Lyons Mitchell B.
Published: May 2022

Tidal wetlands are expected to respond dynamically to global environmental change, but the extent to which wetland losses have been offset by gains remains poorly understood. We developed a global analysis of satellite data to simultaneously monitor change in three highly interconnected intertidal ecosystem types—tidal flats, tidal marshes, and mangroves—from 1999 to 2019. Globally, 13,700 square kilometers of tidal wetlands have been lost, but these have been substantially offset by gains of 9700 km
2
, leading to a net change of −4000 km
2
over two decades. We found that 27% of these losses and gains were associated with direct human activities such as conversion to agriculture and restoration of lost wetlands. All other changes were attributed to indirect drivers, including the effects of coastal processes and climate change.
Modular access to substituted cyclohexanes with kinetic stereocontrol
Authors: Li Yangyang , Li Yuqiang , Shi Hongjin , Wei Hong , Li Haoyang , Funes-Ardoiz Ignacio , Yin Guoyin
Published: May 2022

Substituted six-membered cyclic hydrocarbons are common constituents of biologically active compounds. Although methods for the synthesis of thermodynamically favored, disubstituted cyclohexanes are well established, a reliable and modular protocol for the synthesis of their stereoisomers is still elusive. Herein, we report a general strategy for the modular synthesis of disubstituted cyclohexanes with excellent kinetic stereocontrol from readily accessible substituted methylenecyclohexanes by the implementation of chain-walking catalysis. Mechanistically, the initial introduction of a sterically demanding boron ester group adjacent to the cyclohexane is key to guiding the stereochemical outcome. The synthetic potential of this methodology has been highlighted in late-stage modification of complex bioactive molecules and in comparison with current cross-coupling techniques.
Multiple Genome Sequences of Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus Asia-1 Lineage Sindh-08 from Outbreaks in Pakistan, 2011 to 2012
Authors: Bertram Miranda , Stenfeldt Carolina , Holinka-Patterson Lauren , Fish Ian , Farooq Umer , Ahmed Zaheer , Hartwig Ethan J. , Smoliga George R. , Naeem Khalid , Meek Haillie C. , Pauszek Steven J. , Rodriguez Luis , Arzt Jonathan
Published: May 2022

We report the near-full-length genome sequences of 22 isolates of foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) serotype Asia-1, lineage Sindh-08, obtained from foot-and-mouth disease outbreaks in Pakistan between 2011 and 2012. The scarcity of full-length FMDV sequences from this region enhances the importance of these new genomes for understanding the regional molecular epidemiology.
Pseudomonas aeruginosa Alters Peptidoglycan Composition under Nutrient Conditions Resembling Cystic Fibrosis Lung Infections
Authors: Anderson Erin M. , Shaji Saji Neethu , Anderson Alexander C. , Brewer Dyanne , Clarke Anthony J. , Khursigara Cezar M.
Published: May 2022

Using peptidoglycomics to examine the global composition of the peptidoglycan (PG) allows insights into the enzymatic activity that functions on this important biopolymer. Changes within the PG structure have implications for numerous physiological processes, including virulence and antimicrobial resistance.
Seismic evidence for lithospheric boudinage and its implications for continental rifting
Authors: Nguyen Luan C. , Levander Alan , Niu Fenglin , Morgan Julia , Li Guoliang
Published: May 2022

The continental rifting that precedes the breakup of a continent and the formation of a new ocean basin is one of the key processes of plate tectonics. Although often viewed as a two-dimensional process, rifted margins exhibit significant variations along strike. We document along-strike variations developed during the ca. 200–160 Ma continental rifting that formed the margins of the Gulf of Mexico ocean basin. Rayleigh-wave ambient noise tomography reveals a zone of high and low seismic velocity resembling large scale geologic boudins in the mantle lithosphere of the northwestern Gulf of Mexico margin. These features become progressively less prominent eastward following the transition from a magma-poor to a magma-rich passive margin. We infer that mantle refertilization and thickness of the pre-rift lithosphere control deformation style and the along-strike variations in continental rifting. Our results also suggest that deformation during rifting produces long-lived features that persist long after breakup and, therefore, can be used to study rifted margins globally.
Learning from Indigenous knowledge holders on the state and future of wild Pacific salmon
Authors: Reid Andrea J. , Young Nathan , Hinch Scott G. , Cooke Steven J.
Published: May 2022

In response to colonial research paradigms that have subjugated Indigenous Peoples, knowledges, lands, and waters, Indigenous research methodologies have emerged to center Indigenous visions and voices in research practice. Here, we employ such methodologies to improve collective understanding of the state and future of wild Pacific salmon ( Oncorhynchus spp.) and fish–people–place relationships across British Columbia’s three largest salmon-producing rivers: the Fraser, Skeena, and Nass. Through partnerships with 18 communities of “Salmon People” and semi-structured interviews with 48 knowledge holders (i.e., Elders), we learned that, on average, Elders spent more than half of a century actively engaged in salmon fishing and processing. Modern salmon catches are reported to be approximately one-sixth of what they were estimated to be five to seven decades ago, and the top five threats to salmon identified by Elders included ( i) aquaculture, ( ii) climate change, ( iii) contaminants, ( iv) industrial development, and ( v) infectious diseases. Threat priorities varied regionally, reflecting distinct lived experiences and regional variation in the prevalence and impact of different threats. Elders perceived threats to salmon equally as threats to aquatic health and human well-being, with evidence that the relationships between people and water, and salmon and people, are being profoundly transformed.
Correction to: A biaxial tensional model for early vertebrate morphogenesis
Authors: Fleury Vincent , Abourachid Anick
Published: May 2022

A Correction to this paper has been published: 10.1140/epje/s10189-022-00184-4
Privacy-preserving quantum protocol for finding the maximum value
Authors: Shi Run-hua , Li Yi-fei
Published: May 2022

In this paper, we first define a primitive protocol of secure multiparty computations to privately compute the logic operator “OR” (SMC_OR). Accordingly, we design a feasible quantum SMC_OR protocol by using single photons, which can achieve information-theoretical security in the semi-honest model. Furthermore, we adopt the proposed quantum SMC_OR protocol to solve an interesting but important privacy-preserving problem, i.e., finding the maximum value among many secrets. Finally, we simulate the related quantum protocols in Qiskit and verify the correctness and the feasibility of the proposed protocols.
Conformal geometry of isotropic curves in the complex quadric
Authors: Musso Emilio , Nicolodi Lorenzo
Published: May 2022

Let [Formula: see text] be the complex 3-quadric endowed with its standard complex conformal structure. We study the complex conformal geometry of isotropic curves in [Formula: see text]. By an isotropic curve, we mean a nonconstant holomorphic map from a Riemann surface into [Formula: see text], null with respect to the conformal structure of [Formula: see text]. The relations between isotropic curves and a number of relevant classes of surfaces in Riemannian and Lorentzian spaceforms are discussed.
Vibration Characteristic Analysis of Tunnel Structure Buried in Elastic Foundation Based on Dynamic Stiffness Matrix
Authors: Xu Lihui , Ma Meng
Published: May 2022

In this study, the free vibration characteristics of a non-circular tunnel buried in a Winkler foundation are first investigated based on a dynamic stiffness approach and the Wittrick–Williams algorithm. The non-circular tunnel was modeled as a shell composed of multipartial circular cylinders based on the first shear deformation Flügge shell theory, by which the effects of shear deformation and moment of inertia were considered. The transfer function of the state variable was derived, and the elementary dynamic stiffness matrices were formulated based on this transfer function. Similar to the finite element method, the global dynamic stiffness matrix was established by assembling each elementary dynamic stiffness matrix. By solving the global dynamic stiffness matrix using the Wittrick–Williams algorithm, the natural frequencies and the corresponding mode shapes were determined. Subsequently, the calculated results were compared with literature and finite element analysis results, thus validating the accuracy and reliability of the proposed method. A parametric analysis was conducted to investigate the effects of the cross-section, stiffness coefficient, thickness, and length of the tunnel composed of multipartial circular cylinders. It was concluded that among the four types of cross-sections, the free vibration characteristics of the shells with close isoperimetric radii are similar. The natural frequencies of the shells buried in a moderately stiff Winkler foundation increase rapidly with its stiffness coefficient, whereas those of the shells buried in softer and stiffer foundations remain practically constant. The increase in shell thickness progressively increases the natural frequencies. In contrast, the natural frequencies decrease sharply with the increase in shell length; they first decrease to the lowest limits and subsequently remain unaltered. Thus, the free vibration characteristics of an actual tunnel structure resting on a Winkler foundation can be obtained by conducting the free vibration analysis on a sufficiently long shell segment, which is of major significance in the dynamic design of tunnel structures.
Semiregularity and connectivity of the non-𝔉 graph of a finite group
Authors: Lucchini Andrea , Nemmi Daniele
Published: May 2022

Given a class [Formula: see text] of finite groups, we consider the graph [Formula: see text] whose vertices are the elements of [Formula: see text] and where two vertices [Formula: see text] are adjacent if and only if [Formula: see text]. Moreover, we denote by [Formula: see text] the set of the isolated vertices of [Formula: see text] and by [Formula: see text] the graph obtained from [Formula: see text] by deleting the isolated vertices. We address the following question: to what extent the fact that [Formula: see text] is a subgroup of [Formula: see text] for any [Formula: see text] implies that the graph [Formula: see text] is connected?
The Application of Fast Multipole Boundary Element Method to the Calculation of Slamming Load of Three-Dimensional Elastic Sphere
Authors: Jiang Yu , Yang Chao , Wu Zhigang
Published: May 2022

An efficient fluid-structure interaction (FSI) method is established to quickly and accurately calculate the fluid load of three-dimensional (3D) elastic structure in the process of water slamming. In this method, the boundary element method (BEM) and computational structural dynamics (CSD) are coupled by thin plate spline (TPS) interpolation method and flow field reconstruction. In order to improve the calculation efficiency, the fast multipole algorithm is introduced into the BEM, the finite element mesh of the wetted part of the structure is directly used as the flow field boundary, and the structural dynamic response is analyzed by the direct integration method of state equation based on modal superposition. The numerical results are compared with the results of Nisewanger’s sphere water entry test and the existing literature, which proves the accuracy of the numerical calculation method established in this paper. The effects of time-domain iteration step size, mesh size, slamming velocity, fluid density and structural elastic effect on water slamming load are studied. The results show that the slamming velocity and fluid density have a great influence on the simulation results; the iteration step size has little influence on the accuracy of simulation calculation, and the mesh size has a certain influence on the accuracy of simulation calculation; elastic effect reduces the peak value of slamming load, considering elastic effect is necessary for accurate calculation of slamming load.
Bifurcation and Turing instability for genetic regulatory networks with diffusion
Authors: Sun Hongyan , Cao Jianzhi , Wang Peiguang , Jiang Haijun
Published: May 2022

In this paper, a diffusive genetic regulatory network under Neumann boundary conditions is considered. First, the criteria for the local stability and diffusion-driven instability of the positive stationary solution without and with diffusion are investigated, respectively. Moreover, Turing regions and pattern formation are obtained in the plane of diffusion coefficients. Second, the existence and multiplicity of spatially homogeneous/nonhomogeneous non-constant steady-states are studied by using the Lyapunov–Schmidt reduction. Finally, some numerical simulations are carried out to illustrate the theoretical results.
Pair of generalized derivations on Lie ideals in prime rings
Authors: Pandey Ashutosh
Published: May 2022

Let [Formula: see text] be a prime ring of characteristic not equal to [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] be the Utumi quotient ring of [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] be the extended centroid of [Formula: see text]. Let [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] be two generalized derivations on [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] be a non-central Lie ideal of [Formula: see text]. If [Formula: see text], for all [Formula: see text], then one of the following holds : (1) [Formula: see text]. (2) there exists [Formula: see text] such that [Formula: see text], and [Formula: see text] for all [Formula: see text]. (3) [Formula: see text] satisfies the standard identity [Formula: see text].
Solvability of infinite system of nonlinear convolution type integral equations in the tempered sequence space mβ(φ,p)
Authors: Mehravaran Hamid , Kayvanloo Hojjatollah Amiri
Published: May 2022

In this paper, we first introduce the concept of tempered sequence space [Formula: see text]. Then, we construct a Hausdorff measure of noncompactness on this sequence space. Furthermore, by employing this measure of noncompactness we discuss the existence of solutions for an infinite system of nonlinear convolution differential equations in the tempered sequence space [Formula: see text]. Eventually, we demonstrate an example to show the effectiveness and usefulness of the obtained result.
Modules with finitely many small submodules
Authors: Chaturvedi Avanish Kumar , Kumar Nirbhay
Published: May 2022

O. A. S. Karamzadeh et al. [On rings with a unique proper essential right ideal, Fund. Math. 183 (2004) 229–244] introduced a class of modules with unique proper essential submodule, such modules are called as ue-modules. A. Azarang and F. Shahrisvand [Rings with only finitely many essential right ideals, Comm. Algebra 47 (2019) 2843–2854] introduced the idea of fe-module and called a module with finitely many essential submodules as a fe-module. Here, we introduce and study the classes of modules dual to them. The class of modules with finitely many small submodules is defined as fs-modules and modules with a unique nonzero small submodule are defined as us-modules.
Maximum and minimum Sombor index among k-apex unicyclic graphs and k-apex trees
Authors: Yang Jing , Deng Hanyuan
Published: May 2022

The Sombor index [Formula: see text] of a graph [Formula: see text] is defined as [Formula: see text] where [Formula: see text] is the degree of the vertex [Formula: see text] of [Formula: see text]. A [Formula: see text]-cone [Formula: see text]-cyclic graph is the join of the complete graph [Formula: see text] and a connected [Formula: see text]-cyclic graph. A [Formula: see text]-apex tree (respectively, [Formula: see text]-apex unicyclic graph) is defined as a connected graph [Formula: see text] with a [Formula: see text]-subset [Formula: see text] such that [Formula: see text] is a tree (respectively, unicyclic graph), but [Formula: see text] is not a tree (respectively, unicyclic graph) for any [Formula: see text] with [Formula: see text]. In this paper, we show the minimal graphs of [Formula: see text] among all [Formula: see text]-cone [Formula: see text]-cyclic graphs with [Formula: see text] as their degree sequence, and determine the extremal values and extremal graphs of [Formula: see text] among [Formula: see text]-apex unicyclic graphs and [Formula: see text]-apex trees, respectively.
Enhanced ferroelectric and piezoelectric characteristics in Ca-substituted BaTi0.88Zr0.12O3ceramics
Authors: Chen S. B. , Wu S. Y. , Chen X. M.
Published: May 2022

In this work, Ba[Formula: see text]Ca[Formula: see text]Ti[Formula: see text]Zr[Formula: see text]O3 ([Formula: see text]= 0.00–0.25) ceramics were prepared by a solid-state reaction method, and the variation of dielectric, ferroelectric and piezoelectric characteristics has been investigated together with the structure evolution. The crystal structure varies from rhombohedral to tetragonal at room-temperature and the morphotropic phase boundary (MPB) is determined around [Formula: see text]= [Formula: see text]0.10, where the significantly enhanced ferroelectric and piezoelectric properties are achieved. With the increase of Ca content, the system gradually evolves into a relaxor ferroelectric. This work provides useful guidance for future research on lead-free piezoelectric materials.
Defining China–US Strategic Competition: Partisan Realignment and the Domestic Political Logic of Change in American Strategy toward China, 2009–2020
Authors: Wang Hao
Published: May 2022

The Grand Strategy of the United States, including its strategy toward China, has always been the product of the interaction of geopolitics and domestic politics. After the Cold War, with the end of the bipolar structure of the international system and the increasing polarization of domestic politics in the United States, the impact of geopolitics on the formulation of the foreign policy of the United States has been weakened to some degree, while the spillover effect of domestic politics has weighed more heavily than before. This change could be explained in the way that while two opposing trends of Partisan Realignment began to emerge in the post-financial crisis era in the United States, the elites from both Democratic and Republican Parties had often focused on the preferences of their core political coalition as basis in foreign policy making, in order to further their own respective political interests. In regard to the American strategy toward China, with the deepening of the structural contradictions between China and the United States as well as changes in their respective external strategic choices, geopolitics became the primary logic in the formulation of American strategy toward China since 2009, thus the “strategic competition” has become the dominant mode of bilateral relations. In the view of Washington, China and the United States have formed a competitive relationship in the areas relating to the core interests of the United States, such as economy, security, values and the dominance of the existing international order. However, the questions of reality, such as how to compete with China and how to decide the priorities of their own core interests, are defined by demands of core political coalitions represented by the elites from both Democratic and Republican Parties in the context of a new round of Partisan Realignment. From Obama to Trump, different domestic political logics made the focus of American strategy toward China shifted from “institution–values” competition based on globalism to “economy–security” competition based on nationalism. Therefore, the changes in American domestic politics will present an important channel through which the orientation of American strategy toward China would be clearly observed in the future.
Loneliness or Abandonment: The Adaptability of the Elderly in Elderly Care Institution during Anti-COVID-19 Epidemic
Authors: Yang Hongcui , Hu Jieren
Published: May 2022

Based on the social adaptation theory, this paper explores the adaptability of the elderly in Elderly Care Institution during the epidemic prevention and control of COVID-19. The elderly over 60 years old in J Elderly Care Institution in Z City, Guangdong Province are considered as the research object. The statistical results explain that the adaptability of the elderly is significantly affected by the individual adaptability, that is, the subjective feelings of life. The sense of abandonment caused by the quarantining policy that hinders the elderly in Elderly Care Institutions to meet their family members rather than the feeling of loneliness leads to their overall maladjustment, psychological depression, and interpersonal problems during the epidemic. This study also contributes to the improvement of Chinese government policies for caring about the elderly during the normalization of epidemic prevention and control over the COVID-19.
Improving Availability of Vertical Federated Learning: Relaxing Inference on Non-overlapping Data
Authors: Ren Zhenghang , Yang Liu , Chen Kai
Published: May 2022

Vertical Federated Learning (VFL) enables multiple parties to collaboratively train a machine learning model over vertically distributed datasets without data privacy leakage. However, there is a limitation of the current VFL solutions: current VFL models fail to conduct inference on non-overlapping samples during inference. This limitation seriously damages the VFL model’s availability because, in practice, overlapping samples may only take up a small portion of the whole data at each party which means a large part of inference tasks will fail. In this article, we propose a novel VFL framework which enables federated inference on non-overlapping data. Our framework regards the distributed features as privileged information which is available in the training period but disappears during inference. We distill the knowledge of such privileged features and transfer them to the parties’ local model which only processes local features. Furthermore, we adopt Oblivious Transfer (OT) to preserve data ID privacy during training and inference. Empirically, we evaluate the model on the real-world dataset collected from Criteo and Taobao. Besides, we also provide a security analysis of the proposed framework.
A Novel Reversible Data Hiding Scheme Based on Pixel-Residual Histogram
Authors: Xiao Mengyao , Li Xiaolong , Zhao Yao , Ma Bin , Guo Guodong
Published: May 2022

Prediction-error expansion (PEE) is the most popular reversible data hiding (RDH) technique due to its efficient capacity-distortion tradeoff. With the generated prediction-error histogram (PEH) and adaptively selected expansion bins, the image redundancy is well exploited by PEE. However, for the most widely used rhombus predictor, the rounding operation which groups different prediction-errors into one value is completely unnecessary. The embedding can be extended to a general case by removing the rounding operation, and more histogram bins can be derived for expansion with a new mapping mechanism. Therefore, in this article, instead of pixel prediction-error, we propose to compute the pixel residuals without the rounding operation, and a new embedding mechanism based on pixel-residual histogram (PRH) modification is devised. In PRH, four bins correspond to one bin in PEH. Then, different from the one-to-one mapping between the prediction-error and pixel modification, a four-to-one mapping between the pixel-residual and pixel modification is established, and the performance is optimized by adaptively selecting four expansion bin pairs for embedding. Since more modification selections are considered, better performance can be obtained. Moreover, the proposed scheme is extended to the two-dimensional (2D) histogram and multiple histograms based embedding, and the performance is further enhanced. The superiority of the proposed method is experimentally verified by comparing it with some state-of-the-art works.
Conference reports
Authors: Pérez Jorge A
Published: May 2022

In this installment, Sandra Alves (University of Porto), Sandra Kiefer (RWTH Aachen University/University of Warsaw), and Ana Sokolova (University of Salzburg) report on the 2020 and 2021 editions of the International Workshop for Women in Logic (WiL).
1
Si9+ Ion-Irradiation Induced Modification of Structural and Magnetic Properties of Zn-Nanoferrite
Authors: Parmar C. , Verma R. , Modak S. S. , Mazaleyrat F. , Kane S. N.
Published: May 2022

We report synthesis of ZnFe2O4 by sol gel auto-combustion technique, and study the effect of 120 MeV 28Si9+ ion irradiation (dose: 1 × 1012 −1 × 1014 ions cm−2) on structural, magnetic properties, correlation between them, probed by X-ray diffraction “XRD,” scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive X-ray analysis “SEM–EDX,” magnetic measurements. Formation of single-phase spinel nanoferrite (grain diameter: 15.93–16.92 nm), is confirmed by XRD. EDX-SEM confirms formation of desired phase, non-homogeneous particle size dispersal. Results show that with increasing irradiation dose, lattice parameter decreases;reduction of Fe3+ ions on B-site, with concurrent increase on A-site, while Zn2+ ions remain more populated on A-site than on B-site. Irradiation shows decrease of oxygen positional parameter, and strain, increase of inversion-degree, modification of A–O–B, A–O–A, B–O–B super-exchange interaction, reduction of dead-layer thickness, resulting in reduction of coercivity, saturation magnetization. Linear dependence of coercivity on grain diameter suggests the studied samples lie in overlap-region between multiple-domains or single-domain.
Characterization of Ferroelectric Characteristics for Hafnium Zirconium Oxide Capacitors with Refractory Electrodes
Authors: Liang Yan-Kui , Lin Jing-Wei , Huang Yi-Shuo , Lin Wei-Cheng , Young Bo-Feng , Shih Yu-Chuan , Lu Chun-Chieh , Yeong Sai Hooi , Lin Yu-Ming , Liu Po-Tsun , Chang Edward Yi , Lin Chun-Hsiung
Published: May 2022

In this work, we investigated the ferroelectric properties of Hf0.5Zr0.5O2 (HZO) Metal-Ferroelectric-Metal (MFM) capacitors on various refractory electrodes, including TiN, TaN, W, and Mo. By comparing different electrodes and annealing temperature, we found that the MFM capacitors with TiN and W electrodes showed both higher remanent polarization (2Pr) and lower leakage current for post-metal annealing (PMA) temperatures ranging from 400 °C to 600 °C. Moreover, the MFM capacitor with W electrode showed better saturated polarization-voltage (P-V) curve and less “wake up effect” during the polarization switching cycles, while the MFM capacitor with TiN electrode showed the lowest leakage current. The correlation of crystallization quality studied by X-ray diffraction and the ferroelectric characteristics for each type of MFM capacitors were also presented and compared in this study.
Round-Robin Inter-Comparison of Maximum Power Measurement for Metastable Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Saito Hidenori , Yoshita Masahiro , Tobita Hiromi , Aoki Daisuke , Tobe Tomoyuki , Shimura Haruya , Magaino Shinichi
Published: May 2022

Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are expected to be one of the next generation photovoltaics. However, reliable measurements of the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of PSCs are challenging as changes in the electrical properties occur during the conventional I–V curve measurements. In order to solve this problem, several methods to maximize the accuracy have been developed, but consistency between these methods has not been verified. In this paper, a round-robin inter-comparison of the maximum power measurements for metastable perovskite solar cells has been performed among three public laboratories in Japan using several methods. The maximum powers determined by the three laboratories using the conventional I–V curve measurement technique defined in IEC 60904–1 were compared to each other. The relative standard deviation of the maximum power was 4.76%. The maximum power point tracking (MPPT), steady-state (or stabilized) power output (SPO) and dynamic I–V measurements were also performed as the steady-state measurements of the maximum power. An excellent consistency was found to exist between the maximum powers obtained by the MPPT, SPO and dynamic I–V methods. The relative standard deviation of P
max determined by the MPPT method at KISTEC and AIST was 1.25%.
From Multi-Switchable Self-Assemblies towards Surface Coordination Chemistry: An STM Investigation of Bipyridine-Terminated Ditopic Ligands
Authors: Yao Xinlei , Hnid Imen , Lafolet Frédéric , Maurel François , Lacroix Jean-Christophe , Sun Xiaonan
Published: May 2022

A series of ligands, where ditopic bipyridines are connected by a variable central bridge (bpy-X-bpy), have been investigated by high-resolution scanning tunneling microscopy (STM). The bipyridines which are essential units to form different hydrogen bonds or to coordinate with transition metal ions at the solid/liquid interface. Their interactions have been observed to allow bpy-X-bpy molecules to self-assemble on HOPG. The bridges, varying between the fluorene and the biEDOT, provide redox-active or fluorescent functionalities also modify the intermolecular interactions with the self-assemblies. Consequently, supramolecular structural transitions or metal-molecule coordination are evidenced under STM: (i) Protonation induces a molecular cis- to trans-like isomerization where the bpy-X-bpy molecule changes from “U” to a “S” shape under STM ii) The molecular isomerization switches the nanoscale supramolecular organization on surface; (iii) Co(II) cations are controlled to react with the bipyridines where on-surface coordination complexes are obtained showing different coordination configuration; (iv) The different central bridge induces different self-organized structures on the surface due to the variable intermolecular central bridges interactions. Our work shows that the bpy-X-bpy is a multi-functional model system combining versatile molecular isomerization, structural phase transitions and metal-molecule coordination properties which have thus been systemically revealed by means of high-resolution STM.