bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Unhindered Biplane-Shaped N-Heterocyclic Carbenes as Powerful Ligands in Challenging Ru-Catalysed Olefin Metathesis of Sterically-Crowded Substrates
Authors: Krzesiński Paweł , Dinoi Chiara , Del Rosal Iker , Vendier Laure , Kumandin Pavel , Bastin Stéphanie , César Vincent , Kajetanowicz Anna , Grela Karol
Published: June 2024

Despite notable progress, olefin metathesis methods for preparing sterically crowded C-C double bonds remain scarce. They are commonly based on specialised ruthenium catalysts with sterically reduced N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) ligands, able to accommodate more crowded olefinic substrates during the catalytic steps. Yet, although being highly active, these complexes are rather unstable. In the case of Ru complexes containing NHC ligands with N-aryl groups, the catalyst deactivation is mainly due to intramolecular C-H activation at the ortho position of the N-aryl group of the NHC ligand. Considering that the deleterious C-H activation process requires the rotation of the N-aryl arm of the NHC ligand, we introduced a second decker of aromatic groups in benzimidazolylidene-based N-phenyl NHC ligands, which led to robust and highly efficient ruthenium metathesis catalysts in challenging metathesis reactions of tri-and tetra-substituted olefins. The beneficial effect of these upper aromatic “wings” on the stability and activity of the Ru-complexes is rationalised through the experimental determination of the stereoelectronic properties of the NHC ligands, complemented by DFT calculations on the nature of the through-space interactions between the aromatics and on the decomposition pathway of these second-generation Hoveyda precursors.
Revealing the limits of energy recovery in forward-bias bipolar membranes
Authors: Bui Justin , Lees Eric , Liu Andrew , Toh Wei Lun , Goyal Priyamvada , Galang Francisco Javier , Surendranath Yogesh , Bell Alexis , Weber Adam
Published: June 2024

The ability for bipolar membranes (BPMs) to interconvert voltage and pH makes them attractive materials for use in energy conversion and storage. Reverse-biased BPMs, which use electrical voltage to dissociate water into acid and base, have become increasingly well-studied. However, forward-biased BPMs (FB-BPMs), in which voltage is extracted from pH gradients through recombination, are poorly understood. In this work, physics-based modeling elucidates how complex coupling of transport and kinetics dictates the performance of FB-BPMs in electrochemical devices. Simulations reveal that the open-circuit potential (OCP) of FB-BPMs is dictated by the balance of ion recombination and crossover, where recombination of buffering counter-ions attenuates OCP. Uptake of ionic impurities and fixed-charge neutralization limit achievable current densities by reducing the fraction of fixed-charge sites that mediate recombination. The model highlights the importance and nuances of selective ion management in mitigating energy losses and provides insight into the engineering of FB-BPMs for energy applications.
The paradoxical behavior of rough colloids at fluid interfaces
Authors: Rahman Md Anisur , Beltramo Peter
Published: June 2024

Colloidal particles adsorb and remain trapped at immiscible fluid interfaces due to strong interfacial adsorption energy, with a contact angle defined by the chemistry of the particle and fluid phases. An undulated contact line may appear due to either particle surface roughness or shape anisotropy, which results in a quadrupolar interfacial deformation and strong long range capillary interaction between neighboring particles. While each effect has been observed separately, here we report the paradoxical impact of surface roughness on spherical and anisotropic ellipsoidal polymer colloids. Using a seeded emulsion polymerization technique, we synthesize spherical and ellipsoidal particles with controlled roughness magnitude and topography (concave/convex). Via in situ measurement of the interfacial deformation around colloids at an air-water interface, we find that while surface roughness strengthens the quadrupolar deformation in spheres as expected by theory, in stark contrast, it weakens the same in ellipsoids. As roughness increases, particles of both shapes become more hydrophilic and their apparent contact angle decreases. Using numerical predictions, we show that this partially explains the decreased interfacial deformation and capillary interactions between ellipsoids. Therefore, particle surface engineering has the potential to decrease the capillary deformation by asymmetric particles via changing their capillary pinning as well as wetting behavior at fluid interfaces.
Chemically Driven Self-Division in Protocells Models.
Authors: Zambrano Pablo , Chen Xiaoyao , Kriebisch Christine , Kriebisch Brigitte , Zozulia Oleksii , Boekhoven Job
Published: June 2024

Division is crucial for replication of biological compartments and by extension a fundamental aspect of life. Current studies highlight the importance of simple vesicular structures in prebiotic conditions, yet the mechanisms behind their self-division remain poorly understood. Recent research suggests that environmental factors can induce phase transitions in fatty acid-based protocells, leading to vesicle fission. However, the transduction role of chemical energy in facilitating vesicle division has been less explored. This study investigates a mechanism of vesicle self-division driven by chemical energy without complex molecular machinery. We demonstrate that simple vesicles can undergo division into smaller daughter vesicles upon exposure to a chemical fuel. Our findings reveal that the division mechanism is finely controlled by adjusting fuel concentration, offering valuable insights into primitive cellular dynamics. This process showcases the robustness of self-division across different fatty acids, retaining encapsulated materials during division and suggesting protocell-like behavior. These results underscore the potential for chemical energy to drive autonomous self-replication in protocell models, highlighting a plausible pathway for the emergence of life. Furthermore, this study contributes to the development of synthetic cells, enhancing our understanding of the minimal requirements for cellular life and providing a foundation for future research in synthetic biology and the origins of life.
Modeling and Experimental Demonstrations Reveal Ragone Framework for Salt Hydrate Thermochemical Energy Storage
Authors: Kinzer Bryan , Ghosh Durga , Crowley Declan , Jarkar Arijit , Bala Chandran Rohini
Published: June 2024

Salt hydrates offer the dual potential of high energy densities and low material costs for building heating applications. Heat is released and consumed with uptake and release of water (vapor) respectively by the salt without dissolution. However, the adoption of salt hydrate reactors is hindered by the limited knowledge on how power and energy tradeoffs translate from the materials to the reactor scale. Our study addresses this knowledge gap with integrated modeling and measurements, focusing on a packed bed reactor with SrBr2 vermiculite composite particles. Results reveal a mass transport limited regime producing steady, low power with larger energy capacity utilization, and a kinetics limited regime offering high, but variable power and smaller energy capacity utilization. We use a modified Damkohler number to predict the specific power and performance limiting factors, with knowledge of the inlet state, materials-specific kinetics and thermodynamics, and reactor design/operating conditions. Comparison between the reactor-scale (100 g) with the material-scale (1 g) test using SrBr2 vermiculite composite highlights that the kinetics and specific power decreases nearly tenfold from 35 W/kg to 3.9 W/kg at full discharge, likely due to the larger temperature and morphological variations at the larger scale. These discrepancies emphasize the need for improved characterization of composite materials’ temperature-dependent kinetics, equilibrium vapor pressure, and structural/morphological changes associated with water vapor uptake and release. Our research enhances the understanding of salt hydrate performance from materials to reactors, applies the Ragone framework to contextualize and benchmark against other energy storage materials, and suggests strategies for performance improvement.
Electric fields imbue enzyme reactivity by aligning active site fragment orbitals
Authors: Eberhart Mark , Wilson Timothy , Jones Travis , Alexandrova Anastassia
Published: June 2024

It is broadly recognized that intramolecular electric fields, produced by the protein scaffold and acting on the active site, facilitate enzymatic catalysis. This field effect can be described by several theoretical models, each of which is intuitive to varying degrees. In this contribution, we show that a fundamental effect of electric fields is to generate electrostatic potentials that facilitate the energetic alignment of reactant frontier orbitals. We apply this model to demystify the impact of electric fields on high-valent iron-oxo heme proteins: catalases, peroxidases, and peroxygenases/monooxygenases. Specifically, we show that this model easily accounts for the observed field-induced changes to the spin distribution within peroxidase active sites and explains the transition between epoxidation and hydroxylation pathways seen in Cytochrome P450 active site models. Thus, for the intuitive interpretation of the chemical effect of the field, the strategy involves analyzing the response of the orbitals of active site fragments, and their energetic alignment. We note that the energy difference between fragment orbitals involved in charge redistribution acts as a measure for the chemical hardness/softness of the reactive complex. This measure, and its sensitivity to electric fields, offers a single parameter model from which to quantitatively assess the effects of electric fields on reactivity and selectivity. Thus, the model provides an additional perspective to describe electrostatic preorganization and offer ways for its manipulation.
Industry 4.0 Technologies and Law in Enhancing Human Capacity Among Women in The Nigeria Construction Industry: A Systematic Review
Authors: Adepoju O. O. , Nwulu T. T. , Esan O. A.
Published: June 2024

Purpose: This study examines the impact of Industry 4.0 and the role of law in enhancing women's involvement in Nigeria's construction sector.
Design/Methodology/Approach: The study adopted a systematic review of relevant literature from Scopus, IEEE Xplore, Science Direct, EBSCO, Emerald Insight, and Proquest Central between 2011 to 2023 on the various issues addressed in the research. A thematic analysis was adopted to discuss the findings from the reviewed articles in line with the study's objective.
Findings: Industry 4.0 technologies enhance women's involvement in the construction industry by automating risky tasks, ensuring safety, and reducing working hours for family responsibilities. Limiting women's participation in construction results in unconstitutional gender-based discrimination and the law has not been fully explored in ensuring gender equality in the construction industry.
Research Limitation/Implications: The study's reliance on a systematic literature review may limit capturing real-time industry dynamics.
Practical Implication: Implementation of industry 4.0 technologies in the construction industry has the potential to create a safer, inclusive work environment by automating hazardous tasks and reducing working hours.
Social Implication: Construction 4.0, if embraced, has the potential to challenge traditional gender norms, fostering a more equitable industry.
Originality/Value: The study offers a novel approach that assesses the collective impact of technology and the law on enhancing women's participation and capacity-building initiatives, thereby contributing to gender equality and empowerment in the industry.
Approach to: Adrenal mass
Authors: Bitektine Erica
Published: June 2024

Adrenal masses are a common incidental finding in imaging. Although most are benign, they should be thoroughly investigated to rule out malignancy and hormone hypersecretion. This article provides an approach to evaluating these adrenal masses, delving into the various differential diagnoses and special management considerations.
Comportamento do Consumidor em Turismo
Authors: Barbosa José William de Queiroz , Cavalcante Islaine Cristiane Oliveira Gonçalves da Silva , Ferreira Lissa Valéria Fernandes
Published: June 2024

Este estudo tem por objetivo analisar os trabalhos publicados no Seminário da ANPTUR voltados à temática do comportamento do consumidor em turismo. Trata-se, portanto, de uma pesquisa qualitativa descritiva. Para coleta de dados, buscou-se, na página dos anais do evento, estudos a partir das palavras-chave “comportamento” e “consumidor”, obtendo-se 45 trabalhos válidos, de 2005 a 2022. Para análise das publicações, recorreu-se ao software Iramuteq, no qual foram realizadas a Classificação Hierárquica Descendente (CHD), a Análise Fatorial de Correspondência (AFC) e a nuvem de palavras. Os resultados permitiram extrair quatro clusters: 1) análise do consumidor; 2) abordagem teórica; 3) metodologias; e 4) consumo turístico. Esta pesquisa contribui para que a comunidade acadêmica interessada no evento possa desenvolver estudos complementares sobre o tema investigado e, dessa forma, colaborar para sua consolidação nos debates relacionados ao comportamento do consumidor em turismo.
Esquizografias turísticas e Cartografia dos Saberes
Authors: De Lima da Silva Renan , Cardinale Baptista Maria Luiza
Published: June 2024

O presente artigo tem caráter ensaístico e apresenta o contraponto entre esquizografias turísticas e a Cartografia dos Saberes. Trata-se de apresentar a proposição esquizografias turísticas, como ecossistemas turísticos que se inscrevem. O referencial teórico envolve uma apresentação da Esquizoanálise, a partir de Guattari e Deleuze (2004), o conceito de ecossistemas turísticos comunicacionais autopoieticos, proposto por Baptista (2020b), e a aproximação com a Cartografia de Saberes (Baptista, 2014, 2020, 2020a), para pensar uma proposição de esquizografias turísticas como escrita cartográfica do avesso do turismo, a partir de Deleuze (2005) e Baptista (2020a). Esta proposição significa, a sinalização de possibilidades de construção de pontes entre linhas abissais, tratadas em dinâmicas relacionais emergentes, como dito por Santos (2010). Acredita-se que a proposição Esquizografias turísticas, a partir da estratégia metodológica Cartografia dos Saberes, permite leituras mais complexas dos ecossistemas turísticos, considerando os diversos sujeitos envolvidos e a trama ecossistêmica.
Relações entre cultura organizacional e Qualidade de Vida no Trabalho no setor hoteleiro
Authors: De Albuquerque Tito Ana Luiza , Rita Kássia de Lara Barbosa Guedes Joana D`'arc , Melo Santos Adriana , Fernandes Ferreira Lissa Valéria
Published: June 2024

O objetivo desse estudo é analisar as características da cultura organizacional como uma ferramenta para práticas de qualidade de vida no trabalho do setor hoteleiro. Foi utilizado roteiro semiestruturado e aplicada a técnica de análise de conteúdo em entrevistas com as coordenadoras de Recursos Humanos de dois hotéis da cidade de Goiânia - GO, sendo estes uma rede nacional e uma rede internacional. Os resultados revelaram que o nível de gerenciamento e operações das redes hoteleiras induzem às diretrizes de gestão de pessoas e suas aplicações na rotina dos funcionários. Conclui-se que o perfil de cultura organizacional mais favorável às boas práticas de QVT é aquele em que os artefatos e valores definem a sistematização do trabalho e influenciam na percepção positiva dos funcionários acerca da qualidade de vida no trabalho.
frontera cultural de Weber en organismos públicos de promoción turística
Authors: Valenzuela Robles Miguel Esteban
Published: June 2024

Este documento expone el resultado de la investigación sobre el impacto de la cultura burocrática organizacional en los procesos de servicio y los niveles de atención hacia operadores turísticos locales, por parte de organismos públicos de promoción turística. Se buscó brindar respuesta al valor de la cultura de trabajo en la organización administrativa de dichos organismos bajo el modelo burocrático weberiano, atendiendo que la vigencia de dicho modelo es cuestionada en un ámbito tan dinámico como la prestación de servicios turísticos, donde la exigencia de respuesta a las necesidades del mercado, superan los límites de la actuación burocrática administrativa. Se parte de la premisa de que el trabajo burocrático, en el ámbito de turismo, es un paradigma de ineficiencia dado que el mercado opera en una cultura de competitividad y se aleja de una cultura burocrática (weberiana).
distribuição geográfica dos investimentos públicos em turismo no Brasil de 2003 a 2018
Authors: Todesco Carolina , Shirlayne Silva Adelino Isadora
Published: June 2024

Os investimentos públicos em turismo assumem um importante papel no desenvolvimento das destinações pois, em tese, visam geralmente a melhoria da infraestrutura urbana, a promoção turística, a qualificação dos serviços, o apoio Ã  comercialização dos produtos, a gestão e o planejamento do turismo. No Brasil, o principal órgão oficial de turismo, o Ministério do Turismo, de 2003 a 2018, investiu um montante superior a R$ 17 bilhões. Considerando a relevância dos investimentos públicos para o desenvolvimento do turismo, a pesquisa teve como objetivo revelar a distribuição geográfica e o perfil dos recursos aplicados pelo Ministério do Turismo, no período de 2003 a 2018. A metodologia deste estudo se caracteriza como uma pesquisa descritiva e quantitativa, visto que se fundamenta principalmente no levantamento e análise da execução orçamentária em turismo realizado pelo governo federal brasileiro, tendo como principal fonte de informação os Relatórios de Execução Orçamentária da União. Tais relatórios permitem filtrar os recursos executados por órgão, programa, projeto e localidade. Desta forma, os dados obtidos permitiram visualizar a distribuição geográfica dos investimentos públicos em turismo no Brasil, revelando as regiões do país que concentram os recursos e as regiões negligenciadas, conforme as áreas de investimento. Em relação ao perfil dos investimentos, conclui-se que a área de Infraestrutura Básica e Turística concentrou 68,2% do total dos recursos aplicados pelo MTur. A segunda área de maior investimento é a de Promoção Turística (18,4%), e as áreas menos privilegiadas são Gestão e Planejamento (3,7%), Qualificação dos Serviços (2,2%), Comercialização de Produtos (0,8%) e Estudos e Sistemas de Informação (0,4%). O Nordeste foi a região que concentrou os investimentos públicos em turismo ao longo de 17 anos, representando 20,4% do total investido, com destaque para os estados do Ceará, Pernambuco, Paraíba, Bahia e Alagoas. A região Sudeste captou 8,6%, com destaque para os estados de Minas Gerais e São Paulo. Os estados do Rio de Janeiro e do Espírito Santo não apresentaram um investimento expressivo comparado a MG e SP. A região Sul abarcou 4,8% dos investimentos. Os estados da região Centro-Oeste e Norte são os mais negligenciados em relação aos investimentos públicos em turismo, abarcaram respectivamente 3,8% e 3,5% dos recursos no decorrer de 17 anos de atuação do Ministério do Turismo. Por conta da falta de detalhamento nos Relatórios de Execução Orçamentária da União, não foi possível identificar o destino de 59% dos recursos aplicados pelo MTur, demostrando a falta de transparência dos gastos públicos no Brasil.
Consumidores de cervejas artesanais pernambucanas
Authors: Barbosa José William de Queiroz , Almeida Simone de Lira , Rodrigues Kleytton da Silva , Alexandre César Batista da Silva
Published: June 2024

Nos últimos anos, a produção de cervejas artesanais vem crescendo rapidamente no Brasil. Todavia, além de observar a quantidade de cerveja produzida no país, também se deve levar em consideração a qualidade dessa produção. O presente estudo teve como objetivo analisar a qualidade das cervejas artesanais produzidas em Pernambuco a partir da percepção de consumidores masculinos e femininos. Para isso, adotou-se como procedimento metodológico um survey com 73 pessoas. Os dados foram coletados por meio de questionário aplicado durante análise sensorial das cervejas. Os voluntários avaliaram 04 cervejas artesanais pernambucanas. Os resultados demonstraram, para cada atributo da cerveja que foi analisado, preferências distintas entre os gêneros masculino e feminino. Essa diferença nos resultados gerou um ranking de preferência, que servirá para que as cervejarias possam criar a fórmula da "cerveja perfeita", baseando-se nas bebidas que se saíram melhor em cada atributo e, dessa forma, administrar sua produção.
Avaliação da qualidade de serviço através da reputação online em hotéis de Campina Grande utilizando o modelo Tourqual
Authors: Aragão Reges Karen Ermínia , Paz Thayna Karine Figueirêdo de , Aragão Samara Gomes , Maracajá Kettrin Farias Bem
Published: June 2024

O turismo é um dos setores que vem conquistando grande destaque no âmbito econômico mundial, possuindo mercado altamente competitivo que busca prestar serviços de alta qualidade, sendo esse um fator de grande importância para o sucesso dos atrativos turísticos. Dessa forma, esta pesquisa teve como objetivo identificar a satisfação dos clientes nos serviços prestados pela rede hoteleira na cidade de Campina Grande na Paraíba, analisando a qualidade dos serviços oferecidos pelos hotéis IBIS e Slaviero Essential, por meio da sua reputação online. Para isso, foi realizada uma pesquisa descritiva e uma análise qualitativa utilizando a ferramenta TOURQUAL para verificação da qualidade dos atrativos a partir dos comentários reunidos e analisados no site Booking. Ao final do estudo, pode-se verificar que os dois hotéis oferecem serviços de qualidade e são bem avaliados pelos hóspedes, buscando a qualidade do serviço contínua como maneira de fidelizar os seus clientes e ofertar serviços de qualidade superior aos de seus concorrentes.
Aprendizaje de la química a través de la investigación en productos naturales
Authors: Jhon Fredy Castañeda Gómez , Aldemar Morales Loaiza
Published: June 2024

El presente capítulo muestra la importancia del aprendizaje de la química basado en la investigación de fuentes naturales como las plantas. Teniendo en cuenta que la química permite entender el mundo que nos rodea, es indispensable aplicar enfoques de enseñanza y aprendizaje que faciliten la resignificación de conceptos como cambios de estado, punto de ebullición, densidad, constante dieléctrica, polaridad, interacciones moleculares, geometría molecular, soluciones y reacciones químicas, etcétera. Para tal fin, el enfoque de aprendizaje basado en la investigación de plantas facilita que el estudiante-investigador adquiera conocimientos para la aplicación de estos conceptos en la selección de disolventes, reactivos, pruebas,ensayos, montajes, entre otros; también permite el desarrollo de habilidades científicas como la argumentación, el análisis, la extrapolación, la proposición, el planteamiento de hipótesis, etcétera.
ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ФІЗИЧНОЇ ПІДГОТОВКИ ВІЙСЬКОВОСЛУЖБОВЦІВ ПІД ЧАС ВОЄННОГО СТАНУ
Authors: Яковлів В. Л. , Ніколаєв С. В. , Кириченко В. М. , Ребрина А. А. , Чудик А. В.
Published: June 2024

У статті визначаються головні особливості фізичної підготовки військовослужбовців під час воєнного стану. Зазначено, що головний пріоритет у підготовці військовослужбовців і підрозділів в умовах воєнного стану надається військово-прикладній та спеціальній фізичній підготовці, яка досягається за допомогою концентрації зусиль на формування й розвиток найбільш важливих військово- прикладних навичок і вмінь; у пріоритеті використання фізичних вправ, які відображають особливості військово-професійної діяльності військовослужбовців за видами та напрямами діяльності; додання до змісту занять військово-прикладних і спеціальних вправ, прийомів та дій; створення режиму фізичних і психологічних навантажень, які відповідають рівню напруження військовослужбовців під час бойової діяльності; проведення комплексних занять із фізичної підготовки в поєднанні з елементами тактико-спеціальної підготовки й іншими предметами бойової підготовки. Обґрунтовано, що високий рівень фізичної та функціональної підготовленості військовослужбовців є одним із найважливіших аспектів, що сприяє підвищенню їхньої професійної майстерності та відповідальному виконанню службових обов’язків. Фізична підготовка є важливою складовою професійної підготовки військовослужбовців та необхідною частиною загальної системи виховання й навчання особового складу. Визначено головні особливості фізичної підготовки військовослужбовців залежно від місця її проведення. Зроблено висновок, що фізична підготовка військовослужбовців є основою бойової готовності та повинна бути невід’ємною частиною життя кожного військовослужбовця. Фізична підготовка готує військовослужбовців до виконання завдань у фізично важких умовах, під впливом різноманітних загроз, у складних оперативних умовах і з використанням нових технологій. Фізична підготовка – це фізичний компонент, який сприяє підвищенню тактичної та технічної компетентності й забезпечує фізичну основу для служби.
A FORMAÇÃO DOS SINAIS EM LIBRAS NA PERSPECTIVA FONOLÓGICA
Authors: Loubet Maurício , Oliveira Ailton Souza de
Published: June 2024

Por muito tempo as línguas de sinais foram desconsideradas como língua, entrelaçadas em concepções que as consideravam como mímica, icônica e animalesca. Diante dessa perspectiva, estudos linguísticos foram germinados, principalmente, no campo da fonologia, garantindo cientificamente o status linguísticos das línguas de sinais. Objetiva-se, então, com a presente pesquisa, justificar com discussões teóricas o uso terminológico para designar a ciência que estuda os constituintes fonológicos que compõem os sinais e, além disso, descrever e exemplificar os parâmetros formacionais dos sinais em Libras. Os resultados apontam que os sinais são constituídos por: 1) configuração de mão (CM); 2) Movimento; 3) Locação/Ponto de Articulação (L/PA). Dessa maneira, com a pesquisa apresentada, conclui-se que a Libras é uma língua natural, viva e, principalmente, está em constante evolução. Denotando que a quantidade dos sinais é ilimitada, o que abre espaço para o surgimento de novos sinais, com outras perspectivas fonológicas.
O ENSINO DA LÍNGUA INGLESA COMO LÍNGUA FRANCA: ato responsável à revolução Digital
Authors: BATISTA JULIANA SPIRLANDELI , Oliveira Cláudia De Fátima , Borges Marilurdes Cruz
Published: June 2024

A Quarta Revolução Industrial – Revolução Digital – acelerou o processo de globalização, desencadeou grandes alterações em diversos segmentos: econômico, cultural e social, e interferiu diretamente nas formas de se comunicar em todo o planeta. O sistema educacional no Brasil, responsivo a esses segmentos e à Revolução Digital, tem buscado reformulações nas formas de ensinar e aprender a Língua Inglesa, já que essa é, nos dias de hoje, um elemento essencial não só para a comunicação entre os povos, mas também para adquirir competências para viver em um mundo tecnológico. O objetivo deste estudo é analisar como a Base Nacional Comum Curricular (BNCC) – documento norteador das práticas pedagógicas no Brasil – orienta o ensino de Língua Inglesa como língua franca. Embasa esta pesquisa qualitativa e analítica, o conceito de Ato Responsável de Mikhail Bakhtin (2010, 2013). O resultado da investigação traz que a BNCC age responsavelmente às necessidades educacionais do século XXI, pois prioriza a aprendizagem da Língua Inglesa com foco em sua função sociopolítica, considerando-a não como uma língua do estrangeiro, mas legitimada pelos que dela fazem uso em diversos lugares do mundo. O ensino da Língua Inglesa visa a uma educação de qualidade ao priorizar as práticas comunicativas.
Effects of CO2 on the occurrence of decompression sickness: review of the literature
Authors:   Department of hyperbaric and diving medicine. Hôpital d’instruction des armées Sainte-Anne. Toulon armées, France, Daubresse Lucile , Vallée Nicolas ,   Resident operational underwater research team, Institut de recherche biomédicale des armées, Toulon armées, France, Druelle Arnaud ,   Department of hyperbaric and diving medicine. Hôpital d’instruction des armées Sainte-Anne. Toulon armées, France, Castagna Olivier ,   Resident operational underwater research team, Institut de recherche biomédicale des armées, Toulon armées, France, Guieu Régis ,   Center for cardiovascular and nutrition research, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France, Blatteau Jean-Eric ,   Department of hyperbaric and diving medicine. Hôpital d’instruction des armées Sainte-Anne. Toulon armées, France
Published: June 2024

Introduction: Inhalation of high concentrations of carbon dioxide (CO2) at atmospheric pressure can be toxic with dose-dependent effects on the cardiorespiratory system or the central nervous system. Exposure to both hyperbaric and hypobaric environments can result in decompression sickness (DCS). The effects of CO2 on DCS are not well documented with conflicting results. The objective was to review the literature to clarify the effects of CO2 inhalation on DCS in the context of hypobaric or hyperbaric exposure. Methods: The systematic review included experimental animal and human studies in hyper- and hypobaric conditions evaluating the effects of CO2 on bubble formation, denitrogenation or the occurrence of DCS. The search was based on MEDLINE and PubMed articles with no language or date restrictions and also included articles from the underwater and aviation medicine literature. Results: Out of 43 articles, only 11 articles were retained and classified according to the criteria of hypo- or hyperbaric exposure, taking into account the duration of CO2 inhalation in relation to exposure and distinguishing experimental work from studies conducted in humans. Conclusions: Before or during a stay in hypobaric conditions, exposure to high concentrations of CO2 favors bubble formation and the occurrence of DCS. In hyperbaric conditions, high CO2 concentrations increase the occurrence of DCS when exposure occurs during the bottom phase at maximum pressure, whereas beneficial effects are observed when exposure occurs during decompression. These opposite effects depending on the timing of exposure could be related to 1) the physical properties of CO2, a highly diffusible gas that can influence bubble formation, 2) vasomotor effects (vasodilation), and 3) anti-inflammatory effects (kinase-nuclear factor and heme oxygenase-1 pathways). The use of O2-CO2 breathing mixtures on the surface after diving may be an avenue worth exploring to prevent DCS.
Strong differences in microclimate among the habitats of a forest-steppe ecosystem
Authors: Ho Vu Khanh , Süle Gabriella , Kovács Bence , Erdős László
Published: June 2024

Microclimate has a substantial impact on plant composition, survival, and growth, as well as ecosystem processes. Although microclimatic conditions in anthropogenically fragmented ecosystems have received considerable scientific attention, they are understudied in naturally fragmented ecosystems, including forest-steppes. In addition, earlier investigations in these mosaics only measured microclimate parameters for a very short period (i.e., 24 hours on a single summer day). In the present study, the long-term microclimatic conditions were described in multiple habitat types, both woody and non-woody, in a sandy forest-steppe ecosystem in the Kiskunság, central Hungary. The aim of this study was to answer (1) how air humidity and temperature conditions differ among the studied habitats during the growing season and (2) which habitats are more stressed to vegetation growth regarding vapor pressure deficit (VPD). Wireless sensors recording air temperature and humidity values were used to monitor microclimatic parameters. VPD values were calculated based on the obtained air temperature and humidity, and two thresholds at 1.2 and 3.0 kPa were defined. To compare mean air temperature and humidity variables, as well as above-threshold VPD rate among habitat types, general linear models were used. Our results indicated that open grasslands were the warmest and driest habitats. Among woody habitats, south-facing edges had the harshest microclimatic conditions. The current work also found that small forest patches and larger forest patches had similar air temperature and humidity variables. Regarding VPD, open grasslands were the most stressed for vegetation growth from May to October. During the summer season, forest patches had a small moderating effect at the limiting threshold of 1.2 kPa VPD, but a stronger moderating effect at the 3.0 kPa threshold. With ongoing climate change, this role of forest patches is expected to become increasingly important in forest-steppes. Therefore, it is suggested that the remaining near-natural forest stands in sandy forest-grassland ecosystems should be prioritized for protection, and that scattered trees or groups of trees of native species should be established in extensive treeless grasslands.
Effect of teleconnection patterns on cloudiness in winter in Poland
Authors: Filip Miś
Published: June 2024

The subject of the study was the effect of teleconnection patterns on cloudiness in Poland in the period 1990–2020. The analysis was conducted based on daily cloudiness values from 34 measurement stations of Institute of Meteorology and Water Management - National Research Institute and monthly North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) and Scandinavia (SCAND) indices from the collection of Climate Prediction Center (CPC). The course of cloudiness values in winter in the multiannual period was analyzed together with its averaged spatial distrubution for the entire winter and for particular winter months. Next, the coefficient of correlation of cloudiness with a given teleconnection pattern index was calculated. The analysis also covered cloudiness in the positive and negative teleconnection phases. The results confirm a variable course and increasing trend of winter cloudiness in Poland. The average cloudiness reached 76% in the studied multiannual period. The correlation coefficient for the North Atlantic Oscillation primarily adopted negative values, and positive for the Scandinavian circulation. The strongest correlation between the teleconnection pattern and cloudiness was observed in February for NAO and in December for SCAND. Cloudiness showed no considerable differences between the positive and negative teleconnection phases.
STATE STRUCTURE OF MODERN RUSSIA IN THE CONTEXT OF THE HISTORY OF ITS STATEHOOD
Authors:   Russian State University for the Humanities, Arkhipova Tatiana G. , Senin Alexandr S. ,   Russian State University for the Humanities
Published: June 2024

The article considers in a historical context one of the components of modern Russian statehood – the state structure in the form of connection between the center and the territories (at the end of the 20th – the first quarter of the 21st century). Pre-revolutionary Russia was a unitary state, which did not exclude the presence of national administrative units, for example, the Kingdom of Poland, the Grand Duchy of Finland, the presence of elements of political autonomy in some of them, and features in the organization of government bodies. As is known, numerous Soviet constitutions proclaimed the RSFSR, and then the USSR, as federal states, which in fact they were not. All the features inherent in federal states were neutralized by the actions of the highest authorities in the person of the leadership of the ruling party. The state structure of modern Russia, being federal, in some cases differs from the principles generally accepted in world practice. Asymmetry, preservation of the national principle and the use of the matryoshka type in the construction of several federal subjects, etc. are both part of Russian traditions and a tribute to the past, which cannot be ignored. The increased centralization in the relationship between the federal center and the constituent entities of the federation can be explained by the need to concentrate all the forces and means of the state in the context of a special military operation.
THE QUEBEC ISSUE IN MODERN CANADA. PAST OR PRESENT?
Authors:   Russian State University for the Humanities, Komarov Andrei N.
Published: June 2024

This article deals with an analysis of the Quebec issue in Modern Canada. Based on the necessary corpus of sources and the corresponding historiography, the author tries to answer the question whether the Quebec issue is relevant for Canada in the present or it has remained in the past forever. In his article, the author not only summarizes and systematizes the history of the French-Canadian issue itself, but also analyzes the activities of the Parti Québécois and the Bloc Québécois, which have been fighting for Quebec sovereignty for many years. He emphasizes that it was with these two associations that the idea of Quebec sovereignty was connected, and focuses on the activities of René Lévesque and Jacques Parizeau, who prepared two referendums on the sovereignty of Quebec. The study results in the conclusion that at the party-political level (due to the change in the party ideology of the Bloc Québécois and the failure of the Parti Québécois in the 2018 provincial elections), of course, the idea of sovereignty has become a thing of the past. While at the mental level (the memory of the historical trauma of the 60s in the 18th century, when new France was conquered by England), the idea of sovereignty meets the interests of part of the French-Canadian community.
Phrygian Toys as a Cultural Heritage in Handicrafts
Authors: Söyük Güven Mihrinaz
Published: June 2024

Handicraft is one of the fundamental elements through which societies clearly manifest their art, culture, and lifestyles through handmade products. The history of Anatolia hosting various civilizations having different beliefs and artistic understandings over centuries has particularly expanded the meaning of handicrafts and has made Anatolia a sort of cultural bridge between the East and the West. The art of toy making, which is a field of handicrafts, is also a special branch of handicrafts. Reflecting the cultural values of many civilizations around the world, toys are considered important objects in international cultural exchange. The Phrygians, one of the oldest settlers in Central Anatolia, engaged in various forms of art in Ankara, Kütahya, Afyonkarahisar, and Eskisehir regions, which are also known as the Phrygian region. Findings obtained from several excavation sites in Ankara, Eskisehir, Kütahya, and Afyonkarahisar regions have shown that the Phrygians progressed in the field of art too. Particularly a few important artifacts discovered in archeological excavations can be considered as a reflection of Phrygian handicrafts. These objects clearly demonstrated that the Phrygians were a civilization that valued children with the toys they produced. The toys belonging to the Phrygian civilization, which facilitate cultural exchange between regions and generations, were evaluated in terms of technique, pattern, material, and composition in handicrafts. Moreover, the present study also investigated the inclusion of Phrygian toys in Turkish handicrafts and tourism and their evaluation as an artistic object.
Arap Şiirinde Mürâca‘a Sanatı
Authors: Tilkitaş Sadullah
Published: June 2024

Bu çalışmada, belâgatın bedî‘ çatısı altında ele alınan mürâca‘a sanatının Kur’an-ı Kerîm ve Arap şiirinde kullanımına dair örnekler konu edilmiştir. Daha çok nesir türü yazılarda karşımıza çıkan diyalogların, şiirsel bir formla beyitlere aktarılmasına Mürâca‘a adı verilmiştir. Bu türün bedî‘ bölümlerinde bir sanat olarak ele alınması İbn Ebi’l-İṣba‘ (ö. 654/1256) ile başlamış dolayısıyla bu terim h. VII. asırda kavramlaşmıştır. Lafız ve mana yönünden sözün nasıl güzelleştirileceğini öğreten bedî‘, edebî sanatlarla süslü bir ifadenin lafız bakımından mükemmel, anlam bakımından mâkul ve aynı zamanda bir ahenge sahip olmasının usul ve kaidelerini inceleyen ilim olarak tarif edilmiştir. H. III. yüzyıldan beri belâgat ile eş anlamlı hale gelen ve onun içerisinde yer alan bedî‘in, incelediği türlerden birisi de mürâca’a sanatıdır. Klasik Türk şiirinde bu tür, “mürâca‘a şiiri, muhavereli şiir, müşâre” olarak adlandırılırken; halk şiirinde ise “dedim” veya “dedili” şiir adıyla anılmıştır. Türk edebiyatında bu türün ilk örnekleri Kaşgarlı Mahmut; halk edebiyatında ise Kadı Burhaneddin (ö.800/1398), Nesîmî (ö.820/1417) ve Ahmedî (ö. 815/1412) tarafından verilmiştir. Cahiliye şiirinin seçkin örneklerinden sayılan mu‘allakalara bakıldığında; yıkıntılar, harabeler, sevgili ya da deve, ceylan, yaban öküzü gibi hayvanlar tasvir edilirken hitap yoluyla muhataplara seslenilmekte ancak bu konuşmanın karşılıklı diyalog formunda olmadığı görülmektedir. Bu çalışmada bedî türleri arasında ele alınan ancak yaygın bir kullanımı olmayıp yeterince bilinmeyen mürâca‘a sanatı tanıtılacaktır.
الإشاريَّات التَّداوليةُ الزَّمانيَّةُ والمَكانيَّةُ في رسالةِ التَّوابعِ والزَّوابعِ لابنِ شُهَيدٍ الأَندَلُسيِّ
Authors: Alkhlıf Ayat
Published: June 2024

تتناولُ هذه الدِّراسة موضوعَ الإشاريَّات الزَّمانيَّة والمكانيَّة في رسالة التَّوابع والزَّوابع لابن شُهَيد الأندلسي في ضوء المقاربة التَّداولية. وينطلق تحليل هذا النوع من الإشاريَّات من طبيعتها الاستعمالية، فهي لا تمثِّل علامات لغويةً تهدف إلى تحديد مرجع معين فحسب، بل إنها تمثِّل وسائلَ تواصليةً ضروريةً ترتبط بدلالاتٍ سياقيةٍ متنوِّعة تبعًا لتنوع مقاصد المتَكلمين وأدوارِهم في الخطاب، وهي تؤدِّي دورًا مهمًّا في مساعدة القارئ في عملية الفهم والتأويل. ويهتمُّ البحث بتحليل الإشاريَّات الزَّمانيَّة والمكانيَّة الواردة في النص؛ لأن هذه الإشاريَّات تعدُّ من أنواع الإشاريَّات الحاضرة بكثرةٍ في اللغة، ويعكسُ استعمالُها الدَّورَ المحوريَّ للسَّياق إلى جانب مقاصد المتكلِّم في عملية تحديد المعنى المرادِ بصورةٍ صحيحةٍ، مثلما يُبرِز أهمية التّحديد الدّقيق للزَّمان والمكان في الخطاب، للتعبير عن الأحداث الكلاميّة المتشكِّلة في فضاءٍ ما وعلاقتِها بأطراف الحوار. ولا تتحدَّد أهميّة الإشاريَّات الزَّمانيَّة والمكانيَّة بكونها علاماتٍ لغويةً ترتبط بمرجعٍ معيَّنٍ، بل تنطوي استعمالاتُها الفعليةُ في الكلام على فروقاتٍ دقيقةٍ تكشف عن نمط التّفاعل اللغوي الذي يحصل بين المتكلِّمين في المواقف المختلفة، كما تكشف عن الاختلافات الحقيقيَّةِ في المعاني، تبعًا للسِّياقات التي يتشكَّل ضمنَها الحدَث الكلاميّ. والعلاماتُ اللّغويةُ المشَكِّلةُ لبنية خطابٍ ما، تتمتَّع بخصوصيةٍ واضحةٍ عندما تُستَعمَل في الخطاب الأدبيّ القائمِ على المعاني غيرِ المباشرةِ والخيال. ومن هنا تبرز أهميّة تناولِ طبيعةِ الدورِ التواصليّ والتفاعليّ الذي تضطَّلع به الإشاريَّات الزَّمانيَّة والمكانيَّة من وجهة نظرٍ تداوليةٍ. ويهدف البحث إلى الكشف عن الدّور الاستِعماليّ (التَّداوليّ) الذي تقوم به الإشاريَّات الزَّمانيَّة والمكانيَّة في تحديد المعاني الدقيقةِ المتشكِّلةِ أثناء عملية التفاعل اللغويّ بين المتخاطِبين في النصِّ الأدبيِّ. ويعتمد البحث على المنهجِ الوصفيّ التّحليليّ، إذ يتناولُ الإطارُ النَّظَريّ مفهومَ الإشاريَّاتِ وأنواعَها عمومًا والإشاريَّاتِ الزَّمانيَّة والمكانيَّة خصوصًا، بوصف الإشاريَّاتِ أحدَ أهمِّ المباحثِ التَّداولية. ويركّز الجانب التحليلي على تحليل الوظائف التَّداولية (الاستعماليّة) للإشاريات الزَّمانيَّة والمكانيَّة بهدف التحقُّق من الدَّور الذي تقوم به في إطار اللّغة الأدبيّة.
Looking at the Chemocratic World: A Dystopian Reading of “The Futurological Congress” by Stanislaw Lem
Authors: Tezcan Zehra
Published: June 2024

The concept of dystopia or anti-utopia goes beyond what is imagined as an ideal world; it is used to describe works that include the chaos, political problems, despair, and impossibility that humanity is dragged into. Stanislaw Lem, who was influenced by the changing life patterns after the Ukrainian invasion and the Nazi occupation, discussed the concept of dystopia together with the drug theme in his work The Futurological Congress (1971). As humanity's expectations from technology increase, the contents of dystopian works have also become richer. As a result, a universe focused entirely on living with drugs was depicted in his work. Greed and careless consumption of resources have led to the disruption of world order and population explosion. This article aims to examine the chemocratic universe of Lem's work The Futurological Congress, by focusing on the effect of drug-centered government on the characters, in line with the characteristics of dystopian works. In this research, the hallucinatory journeys of the character named Ijon Tichy and the problems he encounters are examined. Tichy, who hallucinates due to the drugs, and those in the sewer where he hides find themselves in a grotesque adventure. By examining the characteristics of dystopian works, the effects of drugs and benignimizers reaching the social lives of the characters are examined. The article focuses on examining the efforts to adapt to the so-called utopian but dystopian life depicted in the novel, which has many drug problems.
Farklı dillerde Allah ve Şeytan kavramları: Kültürel ve dini inancın çeşitliliği
Authors: Aksu Hanife , Dilekçi Vargün Pınar
Published: June 2024

Allah ve Şeytan kavramlarının yanı sıra Tanrı ve Şeytan kavramları da insanlığın inanç, kültür ve dil çeşitliliğinin derin yansımalarını oluşturmaktadır. Bu kavramlar, dini inançlar ve kültürel pratikler aracılığıyla insanların dünya ve evren anlayışını şekillendirmektedir. Farklı dillerdeki Allah ve Şeytan kavramlarını incelemek, farklı toplumlardaki kültürel ve dini çeşitliliğin zenginliğini ve karmaşıklığını anlamaya yardımcı olur. "Allah" terimi, İslam inancında tekil ve evrensel bir Tanrı'ya işaret ederken, "Şeytan" kavramı kötülüğün ve günahın kaynağı olarak kabul edilir. Ancak bu kavramlar çeşitli dillerde ve kültürlerde farklı şekillerde ifade edilmekte ve yorumlanmaktadır. Örneğin, Arapça'da "Allah" Kur'an'da yer alan İslami bir terim olarak ifade edilirken İngilizce'de "God" olarak ifade edilir. Benzer şekilde, "Şeytan" kavramı da çeşitli dillerde farklı isim ve sembollerle temsil edilmektedir. Dil; düşüncelerin, inançların ve kültürel değerlerin ifade edilmesinde temel bir araç görevi görür. Allah ve Şeytan kavramlarının farklı dillerdeki ifadeleri, dilin içinde bulunduğu kültürel ve dini bağlama göre şekillenir. İslam dininde Arapça "Allah" kelimesi derin manevi anlamlar taşırken, Hristiyan dininde Latince veya İngilizce "Tanrı" kelimesi farklı teolojik çağrışımlara sahiptir. Bu makale, Allah ve Şeytan kavramlarının kültürel ve dini olarak nasıl ilişkilendirildiğini ve farklı dillerde nasıl ifade edildiğini açıklamaktadır. İlk olarak, bu kavramların çeşitli dillerdeki kullanımına dair genel bir değerlendirme sunulmaktadır. Bu kavramların İslam ve Hristiyanlık gibi farklı dini ve kültürel bağlamlarda nasıl anlaşıldığı ve yorumlandığı gözler önüne serilmektedir. Son olarak makale, bu kavramların farklı dillerdeki kullanımının kültürel ve dini çeşitlilik üzerindeki etkisini göstermektedir. Allah ve Şeytan kavramları dil, kültür ve din etkileşiminden ortaya çıkan karmaşık ve çok katmanlı sembollerdir. Bu makale, insanlığın inanç ve dünya görüşlerinin çeşitliliğini vurgulayarak, bu kavramların farklı dillerdeki kültürel ve dini inançlarla nasıl bağlantılı olduğunu anlamaya katkı sağlamaktadır.