bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Study of Preparation of Nano NdxCo2-xZr2O7 and its Catalytic Properties on Ammonium Perchlorate Thermal Decomposition
Authors: Bai Yun Shan , Zeng Jian Ping , Lu Lu De , Bao Jian Chun
Published: December 2012

Cubic pyrochlore type NdxCo2-xZr2O7nano-crystals were prepared by salt-assistant glycine solution combustion method (SGCM), with neodymium nitrate, cobalt nitrate and zirconium nitrate as raw materials, glycine as the incendiary agent, and KCl as a reaction inert salt. The NdxCo2-xZr2O7nano-crystals were characterized by means of XRD (X-ray powder diffraction), FT-IR (Fourier trans- form-infrared spectroscopy), Raman spectroscopy, TEM (Transmission electron microscope) and HRTEM (High resolution transmission electron microscopy). The results showed that neodymium ions were partially substituted by cobalt ions, while maintaining the original pyrochlore structure. The nano particles obtained had a perfect crystal structure, good dispersion, and the size was about 31nm. For Nd1.9Co0.1Zr2O7nanocrystals, the four strong diffraction peaks were at 2θ=29.18°, 33.80°, 48.49° and 57.53°. The corresponding crystal plane distances calculated by Bragg equation λ=2dSinθ were 0.306, 0.265, 0.188 and 0.160 nm. Study the catalyst effect of NdxCo2-xZr2O7on the thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate (AP) using DSC (Differential scanning calorimetry). The results showed that nano NdxCo2-xZr2O7had high catalytic activity during on the thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate. With 2% more nano NdxCo2-xZr2O7, the peak temperature of AP thermal decomposition reaction dropped by nearly 88°C. The apparent decomposition reaction heat increased from 655J•g-1to 1073J•g-1. The results showed that the catalytic effect of thermal decomposition of AP with nano cobalt-doped zirconium acid neodymium is better than the single component of nano-metal oxides and undoped zirconate neodymium nanocrystals.
Homotopy-Inspired Cat Swarm Algorithm for Global Optimization
Authors: Yang Shi Da , Yi Ya Lin , Lu Yan Ping
Published: December 2012

Based on the concepts of homotopy, a novel cat swarm algorithm, called a homotopy-inspired cat swarm algorithm (HCSA),is proposed to deal with the problem of global optimization. Proceeding from dependent variables of optimized function,it traces a path from the solution of an easy problem to the solution of the given one by use of a homotopy--|a continuous transformation from the easy problem to the given one.This novel strategy enables the cat swarm algorithm (CSA) to improve the search efficiency. Theoretical analysis proves that HCSA converges to the global optimum. Experimenting with a wide range of benchmark functions, we show that the proposed new version of CSA, with the continuous transformation, performs better, or at least comparably, to classic CSA.
Influence of Thermite Reaction on the Microstructures and Properties of Cast-Infiltration Composite Layer
Authors: Ren Yan Yan , Zhang Guo Shang , Wei Shi Zhong , Li Ji Wen , Xu Liu Jie
Published: December 2012

Using the steel containing 0.45 percent of carbon as matrix, high carbon ferrochrome as cast-penetrated agent, the steel-based surface composites were fabricated by conventional cast-penetrating process combined with the thermite reaction. The influence of thermite reaction on the microstructures and properties of cast-infiltration layer was researched. The results show that the interfacial bonding is metallurgical fusion between cast-infiltration layer and the matrix under the suitable technological parameters, the thermite reaction during the process of cast-penetrated realizes thermal compensation for liquid metal and improves the mobility of liquid steel by reducing oxidation film of liquid steel surface, consequently increase the thickness of cast-infiltration layer; The ceramic phase of Al2O3 which is generated during the thermite process improves the microhardness of cast-infiltration in a certain extent.
Simulation Study and Optimization of Process Parameters in Precision Forming of the Nut Plate
Authors: Wang Xiang Bei , Yu Duo Nian , Chang Hong Yan
Published: December 2012

For researching the stress and strain field distribution and the effect of process parameters on forming quality in the precision forming process of mid-thick nut plate, this paper builds the nut plate 3d parts of precise forming finite element entity model in ABAQUS software, and then uses Johnson-cook model to describe the material constitutive relationship and metal material damage and fracture. The ALE adaptive technology has been used to control material large deformation in finite-element analysis of elastic-plastic. Based on this model, this paper analyzes the stress and strain field distribution,average pressure stress distribution and metal material plastic flow rates distribution, and the influence of the process parameters on the forming quality in the forming process.
Research on the Manufacturing Process of the Whole Fiber Hollow the Trailer Axle
Authors: Guo Xing Yu , Zhang Peng
Published: December 2012

With the rapid development of road transport enterprise and the popularity of car trailer transport, semi-trailer has become the main means of transport of road freight. So the semi-trailer manufacturing has become an important component part of the auto industry. Speed and heavy duty are the long-term pursuit of the High-speed transport, the key to solving this problem is a component of lightweight, while the hollow axle is the important one. The hollow axle manufacturing process, with many process factors, is more complex than the solid one. Therefor, the research on the hollow axle manufacturing process is very necessary.
Numerical Simulation of Residual Stress during Stamping-Forging Forming of 2024 Aluminum Alloy Sheet Metal
Authors: Li Da , Deng Lei , Wang Xin Yun , Jin Jun Song , Xia Ju Chen
Published: December 2012

The unreasonable residual stress field in sheet part has an adverse effect on the dimensional accuracy and performance. A forming method combined stamping and forging was proposed to reduce the residual stress of the sheet part. The residual stress field in 2024 aluminum alloy V-shaped piece after bending and forging was analyzed by the finite element software Abaqus. The results showed that the stamping-forging forming process can significantly reduce the residual stress in round corner of V-shaped piece, and simultaneously decrease springback and improve the dimensional precision of sheet part.
Precision Grinding Characteristics and Process Optimization on YG3 Cemented Carbide
Authors: Liang Xun Kun , He Zhi Jian
Published: December 2012

Precision grinding experiment and process optimization of YG3 cemented carbide materials was conducted with various grinding parameters using resin-bonded diamond grinding wheel. Different rotation speed of workpiece, feed rate and grinding depth were chozen in precision cross grinding. Surface roughness was measured for studying the removal mode and grinding charateristics. A set of ideal grinding parameters of YG3 cemented carbide were obtained by changing the process parameters. The research result has guiding significance for reducing the wheel wear and processing costs, improving grinding quality and efficiency while precision grinding hard and brittle materials.
Study on 22MnB5 Steel Microstructure in Hot Forming Progress
Authors: Chen Meng , Bi Da Sen , Chu Liang , Gao Xian Chen , Li Pei Lin
Published: December 2012

Hot forming is a method to make products with ultra high strength steels which typically used in automotive sector. 22MnB5 is one of the most typical hot forming steels. In this paper, hot forming process of 22MnB5 steel is simulated by thermo-mechanical coupled FE software Pam-stamp 2011. Through the simulation the temperature distribution and martensite phase fraction of hot forming part can be obtained. Besides, a hot forming experiment was set up. The tensile strength and Vickers hardness of hot samples which take from the hot formed part are measured. The experimental results indicate that the value of Vickers hardness in side wall is higher. The microstructure investigations have shown that the part after hot forming mostly fully martensitic microstructures. The result from simulation show good agreement with experimental results.
Turn-Milling Parameters Optimization Based on Cutter Wear
Authors: Huang Chao , Cai Yong Lin
Published: December 2012

In this paper, the cutting acreage model of every cutting edge point in turn-milling is established firstly. Then according to the calculation of the above model, the cutter wears with different cutting parameters are analyzed. Aiming at balancing the wears of different areas along the cutting edge, the cutting parameters are changed to optimize the cutter wears. Finally the model and the optimization are proved correct by machining experiments with different cutting parameters.
Quality Research on Electric Discharge Machining with Rotary Surface of Engineering Ceramic
Authors: Zhang Li Xin , Wang Li Hui
Published: December 2012

This paper introduces the theoretical basis and function of developing spindle rotary device. A technological method of wire electro-discharge grinding(WEDG),which is based on the wire electrode cutting machine, is presented. The main factors that influence the machining of engineering ceramic material surface quality are analyzed. And the conclusion is that there are main factors: the main structure and conductivity of the spindle rotary device, and the changes of power in the process of single pulse machining discharge. The conclusions from the experiments provide the theoretical basis for further study on the factors that influence the rotary workpiece surface quality and for the discussion on methods of improving the rotary workpiece surface quality; the conclusions also expand the process scope of WEDM.
Effect of Mechanical Stresses on Metastability of Heterophase Superparamagnetic Nanoparticles
Authors: Leonid Afremov , Ilyushin Ilia
Published: December 2012

Under the model of two-phase multiaxial nanoparticles the dependence of magnetic states and critical elds of the phases magnetic reversal on mechanical stresses has been de ned. By means of phase diagram the e ect of stresses on the basic and metastable magnetic states of heterophase particles has been studied.
The Application of Enamel Material in the Jewelry Industry
Authors: Guo Hong Yun , Xie Kai Fang , Liu Hua Wu
Published: December 2012

Enamel jewelry is carefully manufactured using glaze and gold, silver, copper and other precious metals. The processing technologies refer to multidisciplinary knowledge, such as painting, engraving, padding, inlaying, metallurgy and glass melting. The history of enamel was reviewed and the current challenges of enamel jewelry industry were investigated. The key challenges of the enamel jewelry industry are listed as follows: the counterfeit products dominate the enamel market, high performance enamel glaze is currently unviable, the industry standards have not been proposed, and the manufacturing technique is too complicated to be implemented by machine at this stage.
Laser Micro-Jet Processing on Red Copper
Authors: Lu Xi Zhao
Published: December 2012

Red copper is difficult to process with laser for its high reflection rate and high density. On the contrary, with the development of Modern Laser Micro-Jet processing, the new Laser Micro-jet with 30μm and 130μm are utilized to process new area like red copper plate etc., new Laser Micro-jet with 30μm nozzle is redesigned as well as working experiment on red copper is carried out. Red copper is machining with the Laser Micro-Jet The experiment shows the methods can improve the red copper‘s machining quality, on the contrary, the result of experiment shows the new laser processing methods can machine red copper efficiently.
On Copper-Steel Joint Arc Welded with Nickel Based Filler
Authors: Velu M. , Bhat Sunil
Published: December 2012

The paper presents some metallurgical and mechanical examinations of the joint between dissimilar metals viz. copper and alloy steel obtained by Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW) using consumable nickel based superalloy electrode as the weld filler. Material microstructures at all the important zones of the weldment are examined with the help of Optical and Scanning Electron Microscopes (SEM). Examinations reveal corrugated weld interfaces with good fusion between the metals and the filler. The weld joints are subjected to tensile and impact tests in ambient conditions. In both the tests, the weldments fracture on copper side with all the weld interfaces remaining intact confirming a strong joint.
State-of-the-Art of Joining Technologies for Assembled Camshaft
Authors: Chen Jia Ting , Yang Lian Fa
Published: December 2012

Assembled camshaft has used gradually in engines for automotive, ship etc. The camshaft bearing a great deal of impact loads and dynamic torque when the engine is high-speed rotation.Its quality directly determines engine combustion and dynamic characteristics. Hence, how to improve the joint strength economically between the shaft and the cam lobes is one of the key technologies needed to be solved. Main methods offered to the designers which can be used for assembled camshaft are: expanding technologies, interference-fits technologies and bonding technologies. It can be divided into joining by mechanical expanding, hydroforming, electromagnetic forming, knurling, welding sintering, injection molding. The advantage and disadvantage of joint techniques are analyzed, the current state of researches are summarized at home and abroad. Then followed are its new approaches in the future development.
The Influence of Different Factors on the Stress Distribution of Strip Joints
Authors: Li Zhi , You Min , Zhao Mei Rong , Li Gang Yan
Published: December 2012

The finite element method was used to study the stress distribution of strip joints under different elastic modulus and crack length. The results show that with the elastic modulus increases, the crack tip of the peak stress also increases, which provide maximum load continue to expand on the joint crack is SY stress, while little impact to the continued crack expansion on joints is SXY stress. I-type crack perpendicular the surface Crack under the stress of characteristics; With the initial crack length increases, I-stress intensity factor present weak tendency to increase, II-stress intensity factor is still almost zero, so that even after a longer crack length, strip adhesive joints under load the fracture is still mainly based on I-type crack, which is also consistent with the strip load characteristics: external stress perpendicular to crack surface. Another I-type stress intensity factor slight increasing trend.
FEM Simulation and Experimental Verification on Rotating Forging of Three-Layer Clad Cylinder Considering Constant Shear Friction
Authors: Tzou Gow Yi
Published: December 2012

This study assumes the interface friction between dies and bounded three-layer clad cylinder as constant shear friction considering the rotation of three-layer bounded clad cylinder to establish the finite element simulation. The commercial finite element software (SUPERFORM) is used to explore effectively the effective stress, effective strain, and velocity field, forging force, and rotating torque in the three-layer clad cylinder rotating forging. Moreover, the rotating forging experiment of the three-layer clad cylinder is carried out practically to measure the forging force and the outer surface of three-layer clad cylinder. Forging force between analysis and experiment are compared to verify the acceptance of FEM simulation. This study can be offered to industries for technology establishment of rotating forging.
Study on Optimal Winding Angle of Submarine Oil Flexible Pipe
Authors: Gu Fan , Song Gan , Jin Qiao , Wang Hui Xin
Published: December 2012

According to the actual structure, using the finite element software ANSYS, numerical model of submarine oil flexible pipe was established. For the mechanical response of flexible pipe under the combined effect of internal pressure load and transverse load, the comparison on the result by numerical calculation and static loading test shows that the numerical model of flexible pipe is rational. Moreover, based on the numerical model of flexible pipe, this paper indicates that the maximum Mises stress occurs at the end of flexible pipe, which would lead to the bulge performance failure. Furthermore, the influence of winding angle on the mechanical properties of flexible pipe was analyzed, and the optimal winding angle 30° was suggested to adopt.
Steel Wire Grinding Testing Based on New Type Abrasive Belt Grinding Machine
Authors: Zhang Ping , Li Jia Chun
Published: December 2012

As a new process, the abrasive belt grinding plays an increasingly important role in the field of machining. It meets a variety of processing requirements. The concept of abrasive belt grinding and its working principle were introduced, and a new type of abrasive belt grinding equipment for removing the rust on steel wire surface was designed. Some key experiments for testing grinding force，the metal removal rate，belt wear rate、grinding ratio，grinding depth and wire speed were studied. The research work provides rational parameters for the pretreatment of rust removal in metal wire drawing processing.
Study on Microwave Combined with Granular Active Carbon for Treatment of P-Nitrophenol Wastewater
Authors: Yuan Dong , Fu Da You , Luo Zhi Wen
Published: December 2012

A microwave technique assisted with granular active carbon(GAC) was used for the degradation of p-nitrophenol(PNP) wastewater. The effective factors such as the initial concentration of PNPl, active carbon dosage, microwave power and irradiation time on the degradation rate were studied. When the concentration of PNP was 200 mg/L, active carbon dosage was 6 g/L, microwave power was 500 W, and irradiation time was 8 min, the removal ratio of PNP reached 99. 03%. The concentration o f PNP could be decreased to be low 2 mg /L, which satisfied with the national first degree let out level. The results show that the technology can be a practical and effective method for treating PNP organic wastewater.
Effects of High Temperature on Tensile and Bending Strengths of T300 Carbon Fiber Three Dimensional Braided Composites
Authors: Liu Qian , Yang Jian , He Ye Hong , Li Jia Lu
Published: December 2012

In this paper, the tensile and bending strengths of T-300 carbon fiber three dimensional braided/epoxy resin composites at 23 oC and 150 oC were researched. The results indicate that the effect of temperature on the tensile strength and bending strength of three dimensional braided composites is sentitive. However high temperature makes bending strength of 3D braided composites lost more than that of tensile strength of 3D braided composites. The average tensile strength of 3D braided composites at 150 oC is 65.06% of average tensile strength of 3D braided composites at 23 oC. The average bending strength of 3D braided composites at 150 oC is only 11.44% of average bending strength of 3D braided composites at 23 oC. This means that application temperature should be taken into account when 3D braided composites are used.
Effect of the Nanostructured Carbon Sorbent «Ingo-2» and Cadmium Chloride on Limfodynamic and Composition of Lymph
Authors: Tuleuhanov S.T. , Ablayhanova N.T. , Sharipova S.A. , Dinistanova B.K. , Mansurov Z.
Published: December 2012

The effect of cadmium ions and nanostructured carbon sorbent on limfodynamic and composition of lymph was studies. The experiments showed that prolonged poisoning of rats with cadmium chloride (per os) causes changes of biochemical composition and physic-chemical parameters of lymph and blood plasma. The accumulation was marked by of cadmium ions in the lymph nodes, where their concentration is increased 5-7 times of the original level. Using n nanostructured carbon sorbent «Ingo-2» reduces substantially negative effect of cadmium on limfodynamic and indicators of lymph.
Fabrication and Characterization of Chromium-Coated Graphite Fibers Reinforced Copper Matrix Composites
Authors: Zhang Hao Ming , He Xin Bo , Qu Xuan Hui
Published: December 2012

Milled form of mesophase pitch-based graphite fibers were coated with a chromium layer using chemical vapor deposition technique, and Cr-coated graphite fiber/Cu composite with 50 vol.% fibers was fabricated by hot-pressing. The composite was characterized with scanning/transmission electron microscopies and by measuring thermal properties, including thermal conductivity and coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE). The results showed that the milled fibers were preferentially oriented in a plane perpendicular to the pressing direction, leading to anisotropic thermal properties of the composite. The Cr coating reacted with graphite fiber and formed to a continuous and uniform Cr3C2layer. This carbide layer established a good metallurgical interfacial bonding in the composite, which can improve the thermal properties effectively. The in-plane thermal conductivity and CTE of the composite reached to 392 W/mK and 6.5 ppm/K respectively, making the composite suitable for being electronic packaging materials.
Observation and Analysis of the Microstructures of IGF Refined Low Carbon Microalloyed Non-Tempered Steel
Authors: Wang Shu Hua , Jing Hai Ou , Jin Le , Xue Yan
Published: December 2012

The IGF refined microalloyed non-tempered steel with high strength and toughness is developed, by adding trace elements such as vanadium and titanium and using aluminum as the deoxidizing elements. The combination of these elements and elements C and N in the steel leads to the precipitation of a great deal of fine and scattered alloy carbides and nitrides. These fine particles provide ideal precipitation positions for IGF’s nucleation. The results show that a lot of IGF appears in the developed steel after hot-forging and air cooling, which effectively divides up the austenite grains and refines the steel structures. The strength and toughness of the steel is increased. The tensile strength reaches 1150Mpa and the impact toughness is between 61.35-65.37J/cm2.
Effect of Intercritical Quenching Temperature on the Microstructure and Performance of 650 MPa Low-Carbon Structural Steel
Authors: Luo Hai He , Zou De Hui , Dong Han Xiong , Dong Zhong Bo
Published: December 2012

The effect of intercritical quenching temperature on the microstructure and performance of a 650 MPa low-carbon structural steel was investigated by optical microscope and mechanical test. The results showed that the obtained microstructures at different temperature were mainly bainites, the volume fraction of the bainites was gradually increased and the size of which became finer with the increase of the quenching temperature. Moreover, as the temperature increased, the yield strength and tensile strength gradually increased; the yield ratio decreased initially and then increased; the impact energy increased among the temperature range of T3°C and T4°C, subsequently dropped significantly at T5°C, and then increased atT6°C. The best comprehensive performance was obtained at T4°C in this study.
Methodical Basis of Investigation of Influence of the Iron Ore Materials and Coke Metallurgical Characteristics on the Blast Furnace Smelting Efficiency
Authors: Dmitriev Andrey N. , Vitkina Galina Yu. , Chesnokov Yu.A.
Published: December 2012

A new method of the estimation of influence of the iron ore materials and coke metallurgical properties on the efficiency of blast furnace smelting is developed. It consists in the following stages: the laboratory tests with the definition of the iron ore materials and coke metallurgical properties; the analytical study of the influence of these characteristics on the efficiency of blast furnace smelting using by mathematical models; the experimental industrial and industrial tests. The developed methodological basis allows to obtain improved criteria for evaluating the metallurgical characteristics of the raw materials and to explain the mechanism of their effect on the reaction of the direct and indirect recovery in the blast furnace. Therefore it allows to formulate recommendations to improve the blast furnace smelting technology.
Ag Supported Si-Doped Graphene for Hydrogen Sulphide Detection: A First-Principles Investigation
Authors: Qin Xian , Meng Qing Yuan , Gao Yu Fei
Published: December 2012

The adsorption of H2S molecule on Si-doped and Ag supported Si-doped graphene is studied by first-principles calculations. We find that the H2S floats on the Si-doped graphene sheet, indicating a weak physisorption. The calculated net charge transfer, charge density difference and density of states give evidence that the adsorption of H2S on Ag supported Si-doped graphene is by chemisorption. Moreover, the desorption and dissociation of H2S adsorbed on Ag supported Si-doped graphene occur at the external electric field of 1.4 and -0.8 V/Å, respectively. Therefore, the Ag supported Si-doped graphene can be expected to be a novel sensor for the detection of H2S gas.
Research on Plastic Inclusions Control for Steel Cord
Authors: Chen Liang , Zhang Da De , Chen Yong
Published: December 2012

The inclusions will be controlled in the plastic region effectively when the slag basicity is in the range of 0.5~1.2 and Al2O3 content in the range of 10%~25% according to thermodynamic calculation. The results of laboratory research show that the value of (CaO+MgO)/SiO2 and Al2O3 content will rise up with the increase of [Als]. Therefore, [Als] should be less than 6×10-6. Furthermore, inclusions in steel cord will be controlled plastically in laboratory with the slag basicity in the range of 0.8~1.0 and Al2O3 content in the range of 0%~10%.
Research on the Effects of the Refining Treatment to the Properties of Dual-Phase Wear-Resistant Steel
Authors: Liu Xing Gang , Yu Yue Wen , Pan Xu , Zhang Shuai , Zhang Guo Zhi
Published: December 2012

Using refining agent to proceed refining treatment on dual-phase wear-resistant steel, the refining agent is made up of CaO, CaF2, Al2O3, Al, Na2CO3 and BaCO3. The experimental furnace is 25kg vacuum induction furnace, stalling 10 minutes after adding the refining agent, the heating temperature is between 1550 and 1600°C. By doing this, the content of harmful impurities including O, N and S in the steel is significantly reduced and the mainly existing form of the main non-metallic inclusions is changed, it also reduces the size and number of the microstructure of the inclusions in the steel and improves the impact toughness and elongation of dual-phase wear-resistant steel significantly.
Optimization of CC Tail Bloom Operation
Authors: Pan Hong
Published: December 2012

Cut-to-length bloom can not be controlled at the end of continuous casting process, and the yield of bloom is low. In order to improve the yield of bloom, the CC tail bloom system is proposed according to the bloom continuous casting conditions of equipment and process. Importantly, it is applied in the optimization of tail bloom operation in continuous casting process. Industrial tests show that the yield of bloom is improved obviously, with the quality of bloom is controlled as before.
Research and Development of Nano-Micro Composite Gradient Self-Lubricating Ceramic Cutting Tools
Authors: Xu Xiu Guo , Xu Chong Hai , Fang Bin , Wang Chun Lin , Yi Ming Dong
Published: December 2012

The development status of self-lubricating tool materials was reviewed in the present study, as well as the five basic types of self-lubricating tool and the current situation of nanometer materials in ceramic cutting tool. Based on these, the design idea of the functional gradient materials and nano-micro composite materials was introduced into the self-lubricating ceramic cutting tool materials, in order to develop new self-lubricating ceramic cutting tool materials with both good mechanical and frictional properties.
Preparation of Glass-Ceramics Using Industrial Solid Wastes in China
Authors: Li Na , Guo Dai Dong , Liu Shi Quan
Published: December 2012

The industrial solid wastes mainly include mining tailings and industrial slags. Their typical applications in glass-ceramics are reviewed. The compositional design of the glass-ceramics based on the compositional features of wastes and the routes to increase the percentage of wastes in the glass batches are emphasized. To increase the addition of industrial solid wastes in the glass preparation is one of the key factors influencing the utilization of the wastes. One way to achieve this is to apply different wastes with compositional complementarity in glass batches. A few successful examples are summarized in this paper to provide good references for the further related research.
Preparation, Characterization and Conductivity Studies of Li1.3M0.3Ti1.7(PO4)3 (M = Al, Cr and Fe) Glass–Ceramics
Authors: Zhang Mei Mei , Liu Jian An , He Wen
Published: December 2012

Nasicon type compounds of general formula Li1..3M0.3Ti1.7 (PO4)3 (M = Al, Cr, Fe) were prepared using melt quenching method. The samples were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction and infrared spectra. Thermal stability against crystallization was evaluated by DSC curve. All the compounds crystallize in hexagonal lattice with R-3c space group. The IR spectra show the characteristic PO4 vibrations. DSC curve reveals that the Li1.3Fe0.3Ti1.7(PO4)3 glass-ceramics possesses the better thermal stability against crystallization. Conductivity studies indicate that the total conductivity is dominated by the grain boundary
Effects of Process Parameters on the Morphologies and Composition of Pulse Electrodeposition of Nickel-Rich Co-Ni Alloys
Authors: Yu Ming Ming , Li Hong You , Wang Yi
Published: December 2012

Nickel-cobalt alloys have broad application prospect for their excellent properties (i.e. high microhardness, strength, abrasion, corrosion resistance and magnetic properties.etc). Nickel-rich Ni-Co coatings were produced on SUS304 substrates by pulse electrodeposition from sulfamate electrolytes with different average current density, pulse frequency, duty cycle and different bath temperature. It is clearly observed that the content of cobalt in the nickel-rich deposits gradually increases from 4.29 % to 25.47 % as the Co2+/Ni2+ concentration ratio increasing from 0.022 to 0.1(the current density applied was 2 A/dm2,bath temperature 25 °C). The Co content increases from 16.98 % to 25.47 % to 30.06 % when the duty cycle ranged from 20 % to 50 % to 60 %.The Co content seems to hardly change when pulse frequency changed from 500 Hz to 1000 Hz. The cobalt content decreases as the growth of the current density. The formation of good Ni-Co deposits with high cobalt content and smooth morphologies can be obtained by reducing current density, increasing bath temperature and pulse duty cycle.
Effect of C6H4SO2NNaCO•2H2O on Microstructure and Electrochemical Properties of Electrodeposited La-Mg-Ni Alloys
Authors: Yu Jin , Zhou Jing , Wang Li Wei
Published: December 2012

With lanthanum, magnesium and nickel chloride as the main salt, citric acid (C3H8O7•H2O) as a complexing agent, La-Mg-Ni storage materials were prepared by galvanostatic electrodeposition method in aqueous solution. The effect of additive C6H4SO2NNaCO•2H2O on the properties of electrodeposited alloy film was studied. The results showed that: adding appropriate amount of C6H4SO2NNaCO•2H2O may be effective in improving the surface morphology of the La-Mg-Ni alloy film, and be more conducive to the formation of LaMg2Ni9alloy phase; when the dosage was 0.20g/L, the cathodic polarization of the bath was the strongest, and cracks and pores were the least on the alloy film surface prepared by electro-deposited, the apparent activation free energy of alloy film was 48.2 kJ/mol, electrode absorption level Q was 0.030μF/cm2, the alloy film resistor Rd was 138.5Ω/cm2.
Effect of Equal Channel Angular Pressing on Microstructure and Properties of AZ61-4Si Magnesium Alloy
Authors: Wang Ping , Han Fu Yin , Wang Yong Sheng , Geng Lu , Meng Shao Feng , Liang Wei
Published: December 2012

The microstructure and mechanical properties of AZ61-4Si magnesium alloy before and after equal channel angular processing (ECAP) were studied. Results show that the matrix α-Mg and divorced eutectic β-Mg17Al12are refined and chinese script type Mg2Si phases are broken to dispersed particles after ECAP. The mechanical properties of the alloy after ECAP are significantly improved. After 4 passes of ECAP, the yield strength is increased from 50MPa to 109 MPa, tensile strength from 129MPa to 237MPa, elongation from 6% to 22%, and hardness from 61.2HBS to71.5HBS. The modification mechanism for microstructure and mechanical properties of the experimental alloy by ECAP was analyzed.
Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Cu-Cr-Zr Alloy by Friction Stir Welding
Authors: He Di Qiu , Lai Rui Lin , Xu Shao Hua , Yang Kun Yu , Ye Shao Yong , Wang Jian , Zhu Jian Ming , Su Bin
Published: December 2012

In this study, Cu-Cr-Zr alloy joints are successfully fabricated by friction stir welding (FSW). Defect-free weld are produced on 12mm thick Cu-Cr-Zr alloy plate useing a non-consumable tool with a specially designed and shoulder with a constant rotation speed and a fixed traverse speed. The effect of friction stir welding (FSW) on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Cu-Cr-Zr alloy joints are investigated in details: The joints showed the presence of various zones such as nugget zone (NZ) and thermo-mechanically affected zone (TMAZ) and base metal (BM), the microhardness and the tensile strength of welded joints are lower than that of the base material.
Research on Precipitation Phenomenon of TiC and TiAl3 Particles in Aluminum Melt
Authors: Ding Wan Wu , Zhao Wen Jun , Xia Tian Dong
Published: December 2012

The Al-TiC and Al-TiAl3 master alloys were prepared by thermal explosion method of aluminum melt, and the precipitation phenomenon of TiC and TiAl3 particles were studied in aluminum melt through separate addition of Al-TiC master alloy and composite addition of Al-TiC and Al-TiAl3 master alloys into aluminum melt. The results show that: When TiC exists in the aluminum melt separately, its speed of sedimentation is fast, and after a shorter time of heat preservation, a large amount of TiC will precipitate; when TiC and TiAl3 coexist in the aluminum melt, the speed of precipitation will become slow, and after a longer time of heat preservation, only a small amount of TiC will precipitate; and before TiAl3 settles to the bottom of the sample, it will dissolve. The attenuation of the refining effect of Al-TiC and Al-TiAl3 is mainly caused by the precipitation of TiC and the dissolution of TiAl3.
Manufacturing and High Temperature Mechanical Properties of Inconel 713C by Using Metal Injection Molding
Authors: Kim Kyu Sik , Lee Kee Ahn , Kim Jong Ha , Park Si Woo , Cho Kyu Sang
Published: December 2012

Inconel 713C alloy was tried to manufacture by using MIM(Metal Injection Molding) process. The high-temperature mechanical properties of MIMed Inconel 713C were also investigated. Processing defects such as pores and binders could be observed near the surface. Tensile tests were conducted from room temperature to 900°C. The result of tensile tests showed that this alloy had similar or somewhat higher strengths (YS: 734 MPa, UTS: 968 MPa, elongation: 7.16 % at room temperature) from RT to 700°C than those of conventional Inconel 713C alloys. Above 800°C, however, ultimate tensile strength decreased rapidly with increasing temperature (lower than casted Inconel 713C). Based on the observation of fractography, initial crack was found to have started near the surface defects and propagated rapidly. The superior mechanical properties of MIMed Inconel 713C could be obtained by optimizing the MIM process parameters.
Study on Inhibition of Water Tree in XLPE Insulation Material
Authors: Tian Feng , Qiao Yue Chun , Ni Yan Rong , Su Chao Hua
Published: December 2012

The formation of water tree in XLPE insulation material was inhibited by adding EAA(Ethylene Acrylic Acid),DBS(dibenzylidene sorbitol) into cross-linked polyethylene-based materials. The mixture was crosslinked through mixing and tabletting the blend at 160 degrees. The effect of additive content on the length of the water tree was investigated. The water tree cultivation experiment showed that the length of water tree decreased with increasing of the content of EAA and DBS in the modified compound.Its full property experiments results showed that the property of the insulation material fully meet the related requirements for the use of anti-watertreeing XLPE cable.
Effect of Curing System on Morphological, Rheological, Thermal and Mechanical Properties of Thermoplastic Vulcanizates Based on Epoxidized Natural Rubber and Polypropylene
Authors: Wang Hua Dong , Wang Rui , Huang Mao Fang , Yang Qi
Published: December 2012

Thermoplastic vulcanizates (TPVs) based on epoxidized natural rubber (ENR) and polypropylene (PP) were prepared in an internal mixer at 180°C. The effects of curing systems (i.e., sulfur and peroxide) on morphological, rheological, thermal and mechanical properties were studied. It is found that the sulfur cured TPVs show higher tensile strength, tear strength and elongation at break than those cured with the DCP systems. The rheological analysis indicates that TPVs cured with DCP system show lower apparent shear viscosity than those with sulfur system. SEM studies show that TPVs vulcanized with DCP system exhibit smaller and finely dispersed rubber domains, which provides it higher thermal stability than sulfur cured TPVs.
Study on Increasing Conversion of Styrene/Butadiene Co-Polymerization by Adjusting Basic Recipe
Authors: Jin Yan Jiang , Shen Ben Xian , Sui Jun , Yang Lei , Zhao Ji Gang
Published: December 2012

The effects of initiator, modifier, electrolyte, and emulsifier on emulsion polymerization of styrene butadiene rubber were investigated. The results showed that the conversion could reach up to 70% within 12 hour with the same properties as conversion 62% without changing the kinds and specification by using the adjusted recipe: the amount of initiator was 10%, the mass ratio of initial amount to addition amount of molecular weight regulator was 100/20, addition time was at polymerization beginning 2 hour, the initial amount of electrolyte was 110%-115%, the total amount of emulsifier was 110%, the addition amount of emulsifier was 10% and adding time was at polymerization beginning 2 hour. the raw and vulcanizate properties of rubber crumb high monomer conversion of 70% by adjusting recipe were satisfied to meet the requirements of the superior product standard of styrene butadiene rubber.
Synthesis and Characterization of a Novel Star-Shaped Polymers with Biological Compatibility via Ring-Opening Polymerization and Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization
Authors: Zhou Shi Biao , Xiao An Guo , Chen Yuan Dao , Zhuan Yong Bing , Wang Yun
Published: December 2012

Hydroxyl functional hyperbranched polyester initiators initiated the ring-opening polymerization(ROP) of ε-caprolactone (CL) and the star-shaped polymer with PCL arms using hyperbranched polyester as nuclear was produced. Then, the bromide of star-shaped polymer, initiated the atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) of oligo(ethylene oxide) methacrylate (OEOMA) and the star-shaped polymer containing the arms of PCL-b-POEOMA was synthesized ,and the characterization of polymer structure was investigated by NMR.
The Synergistic Effect of Poly(Bisphenol phenyl dichlovophosphate) and Ammonium Polyphosphate in Flame Retardant ABS
Authors: Peng Chong , Zhang Yan , Wang Hao Ran
Published: December 2012

The flame retardancy of a thermally stable flame retardant, poly(bisphenol phenyl dichlovophosphate) (PBCL) and its synergistic effect with ammonium polyphosphate were studied in ABS. TG result indicated the good thermal stability and char-forming ability of PBCL. Thermal stability and flammability properties of ABS/APP/PBCL composites were investigated by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), oxygen index test (LOI) and micro calorimeter calculate test (MCC). The results showed that the synergistic effect of APP and PBCL improved the thermal stability and flame retardancy of ABS, which was favorable to yield more stable layer at higher temperature and enhanced the char residue of ABS resin.
The Effect of Thermal Aging on Properties of Epoxy Resin
Authors: Fan Wei , Li Jia Lu
Published: December 2012

The epoxy resin casting made by RTM process, making use of FTIR, SEM, weight loss, bending strength test and analysis method to study on its thermal aging at 90°C for various durations to see the change of chemical structure, thermal weight loss, microstructure, mechanical property. The results show that: the epoxy resin at 90°C occurs only physical aging, weight loss retention rate exponentially decreased, micro topography showed typical cohesive failure, bending strength exponentially decline in aging, the bending strength retention rate is 93.72% after aging 13d, which indicates this kind of epoxy resin with excellent aging resistance.
Effective Means of Microstructure Homogenization for AgMeO: Cumulative Extrusion Severe Plastic Deformation
Authors: Zhou Xiao Long , Cao Jian Chun , Cao Yu , Fan Yong Jun , Chen Jing Chao
Published: December 2012

This paper mainly aimed at uniform microstructure generally of particulate reinforced metal matrix composites and put forward the method, which was severe plastic deformation, for microstructure homogenization of particulate reinforced metal matrix composites. Basis on introducing origin of severe plastic deformation and the theory of cumulative extrusion severe plastic deformation, the paper researched the microstructure homogenization of silver metal oxide by cumulative extrusion severe plastic deformation. The result showed that microstructure homogenization of silver metal oxide could be uniformed by cumulative extrusion severe plastic deformation. The results also showed that condition of microstructure homogenization was obtained fine or nanometer second phase particles in fabrication and selected intensity of severe plastic deformation according to system and character of particulate reinforced metal matrix composites.
Al/B4C Laminated Composite Fabricated by Powder Metallurgy Process and its Mechanical Property
Authors: Zhang Shuang , Yu Ying Shui , Tu Jing Han , Li Ting Ju
Published: December 2012

A new type of laminated composite with B4C particle reinforced Al matrix composites as its inner layer and metal Al as outer layer was fabricated by powder metallurgy process. The effects of sintering time on the density and the mechanical properties of Al/B4C laminated composites were investigated. In the inner layer, Vicker’s hardness was enhanced with the addition of B4C. With the extension of sintering time from 2h to 4h at 300°C, aggregation of B4C particles reduced, while the density and Vicker’s hardness improved.
Synthesis of Microporous-Mesoporous Carbons from Rice Husk via H3PO4-Activation
Authors: Jandosov J. , Mansurov Zulhair A. , Bijsenbayev Mahmut A. , Tulepov Marat I. , Ismagilov Zinfer R. , Shikina Nadezhda V. , Ismagilov Ilyas Z. , Andrievskaya I.P.
Published: December 2012

Highly porous activated carbons were prepared through chemical activation of rice husk (RH). For the sake of optimization of the process, sixteen activated carbon samples were obtained from RH by means of carbonization in presence of H3PO4, and successive alkaline desilication, at the following conditions: activation time– 0.5 to 2 h, temperature– 300 to 600 ºС and Н3РО4/RH (wt/wt) impregnation ratio– 0.5 to 2. Samples were analyzed according to the data of thermal desorption of argon, low-temperature N2 adsorption using BET equation and BJH-calculation scheme, methylene blue (MB) adsorption studies, SEM, elemental analyses and yields. N2 BET surface area reached the value of 1690 m2/g; maximal MB adsorption capacity– 667 mg/g.
Theoretical Study on the Interaction between Shuffle 60° Dislocation and Hexavacancy in Silicon
Authors: Zhong Kang You , Meng Qing Yuan , Yang Zhi Fu
Published: December 2012

The interaction of the shuffle 60° dislocation with a regular chain of hexavacancies was investigated via the molecular dynamics simulation with Stillinger-Weber potential. The results show that an attraction exists between the shuffle 60° dislocation and hexavacany. The attraction energy is dependent obviously upon the hexavacancy concentration. The dislocation can overcome the pinning of vacancies under a critical resolved shear stress, and a linear relationship is found between the critical stress and hexavacancy concentration.
Electronic Structures and Spectral Properties of the Optoelectronic Material Rhenium (I) Tricarbonyl Complexes Containing Spiro[Dipyridine-Fluorene]-Type Ligands
Authors: Xia Hong Ying , Zhao Feng
Published: December 2012

A rhenium (I) complex containing the new spriodipyridine-type ligand, spiro[cyclopenta[1,2-b:5,4-b']dipyridine-5,9'-fluorene], was investigated using density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT). The HOMO is  character, while the LUMO is π* orbitals of the pyridine ligands. The lowest lying absorption band of the complexes has the HOMO-2 → LUMO transition configurations resulting in the MLCT/LLCT characters
Studies on Extraction Equilibrium of Rare Earths in Ion Liquid Extraction System Using 1-Butyl-3-Methyl-Imidazolium Hexafluorophosphate and 1-Phenyl-3-Methyl-4-Benzoyl-Pyrazolone-5
Authors: Pan Zhong Wei , Lin Jin Huo , Li Wen Jie , Wu Tian Ci , Pan Jin Ding
Published: December 2012

The extraction equilibrium of four rare earth ions (REn+, n = 3 or 4) was investigated in ionic liquid (IL) extraction system using 1-butyl-3-methyl-imidazolium hexafluorophosphate ([Bmim]PF6) ionic liquid as extraction solvent and 1-phenyl-3-methyl-4-benzoyl-pyrazolone-5 (HPMBP, HP) as extractant. The extraction percentage could be higher than 99%. The extracted species in the REn+-[Bmim]PF6-HP system was neutral REPn (n = 3 or 4) and complete recovery of REn+ extracted into [Bmim]PF6 can be achieved using diluent HCl as stripping agent. [Bmim]PF6 can be recycled in the experiment. The extraction equilibrium constants and the pH1/2 values of four REs and their separation factors between adjacent rare earths were estimated and comparatively studied.
Photoinduced Fluorescence Switching of a New Diarylethene and its Application in Optical Recording Storage
Authors: Fan Cong Bin , Zhang Luo Han , Wang Tao Feng , Liu Gang
Published: December 2012

A novel unsymmetrical photochromic diarylethene 1-(2-methyl-3-benzothienyl)-2-{2-n-butyl-5-[2-(1,3-dioxolane)]-3-thienyl}perﬂuorocyclopentene(1O) was synthesized, and its photochromic, fluorescent and optical strorage properties were investigated. The compounds 1O exhibited remarkable photochromism both in solution and in PMMA film, and the results showed that the cyclization/cycloreversion process of the compound was determined to be the zeroth/first order reaction. In addition, this new photochromic system also exhibited remarkable optical storage character.
Cooperative Performance of Sandwich Insulation Walls With Expanded Polystyrene Under Static Loads
Authors: Wang De Ling , Li Zhong
Published: December 2012

Sandwich insulation walls can bear loadings and insulate thermal which are fit for cold and freezing areas. In this paper, small-sized concrete hollow blocks are selected as interior and exterior wall; expanded polystyrene (EPS) plates are selected as thermal insulation layer which are put between inner and outer layers. Effects of several factors on cooperative performance of interior and exterior wall under static loads were analyzed by numerical simulation. These factors include the type of connection steel, the vertical load and the property of interface between EPS and concrete blocks. The results show that among the connection steel of ‘Z’ shape, ring shape and tie netting, the last is the best. Displacement difference between interior and exterior walls increases with increasing vertical load. And if the interface friction between EPS block and concrete blocks is considered, displacement and displacement difference of sandwich walls all increase. These results agree with similar tests.