bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The feasibility principle in community ecology
Authors: Saavedra Serguei
Published: December 2024

The structure and function of ecological communities are conceptualized as an emergent outcome derived from their corresponding set of interacting populations embedded in a given environmental context. However, it has remained unclear whether common principles can explain the biodiversity patterns that we observe across different contexts. Notably, finding general principles can successfully guide conservation and restoration efforts to minimize negative anthropogenic effects on biodiversity. To address this gap, I propose the \emph{feasibility principle} in community ecology. Based on a compendium of theoretical work and empirical evidence on the feasibility of ecological communities, the proposed principle is based on three main postulates: (i) Ecological communities are feasible for a set of environmental contexts constrained by their internal structure. (ii) Self-organization leads to observable communities that are feasible for the largest set of local environmental contexts. (iii) Community transitions follow the path of least feasible changes within the environmental space. I summarize how the feasibility principle can be studied under a quantitative framework and contrasted with empirical data across a wide diversity of organisms and contexts. In the face of rapid climate change and habitat modification, I discuss how the feasibility principle can be used to assess the challenges and opportunities to mitigate biodiversity loss.
The status of active after-school clubs among primary school children in England (UK) after the COVD-19 lockdowns: implications for policy and practice
Authors: Jago Russell , House Danielle , Salway Ruth , Walker Robert , Emm-Collison Lydia , Sansum Kate , Breheny Katie , Churchward Sarah , Williams Joanna G , Hollingworth William , de Vocht Frank
Published: December 2024

Background

Children’s physical activity in England is more dependent on active clubs after the COVID-19 pandemic. However, it is unclear how the COVID-19 pandemic and related cost-of-living crisis have impacted on active club participation, costs and provision. This mixed-methods natural experiment explored school-based and community-based active clubs after lockdowns, using a unique combination of data sources to highlight implications for policy and practice post-COVID-19.

Methods

Cross-sectional questionnaire data on school and community active clubs were collected from 10-11-year-old children pre-COVID-19 in 2017-18 (N = 1,296; 50 schools), in 2021 (N = 393; 23 schools), and 2022 (N = 463; 27 schools). Club participation and attendance frequency were modelled using logistic and Poisson mixed effects models, adjusted for child age, gender and household education. In 2021 and 2022, parents reported expenditure on community-based clubs and schools provided data on school-based club provision, with data summarised descriptively. Qualitative data were collected in 2021 and 2022, with one-to-one interviews with school staff (N = 18) and parents (N = 43), and twelve child focus groups (N = 92), and analysed using the framework method.

Results

School-based active club participation was higher in 2022 compared to pre-pandemic (50% /43%), while community-based club participation was lower (74%/80%). Children attended 0.3 fewer clubs per week. Those from lower education households were less likely to participate in both types of active clubs, and girls less likely to attend community clubs. In 2022, the median cost of community and school club sessions were £6.67 and £3.88 respectively, with 52% of school-based clubs free to parents. Schools offered an average of 3.4 active clubs per week for 10-11-year-olds in 2022, with 34% partly/wholly subsidised. Qualitative analysis highlighted the impact of the cost-of-living crisis and COVID-19 pandemic on family resources, encouraging a shift to more affordable and convenient school-based active clubs, which negatively impacted the community-based active club environment. However, many schools struggled to meet this increased demand.

Conclusions

Findings emphasise the importance for policymakers to support schools to meet increased demand for clubs and community clubs to increase affordable and convenient physical activity opportunities. Targeted support is needed to prevent socioeconomic and gender inequalities.
The new normal for children’s physical activity and screen viewing: a multi-perspective qualitative analysis of behaviours a year after the COVID-19 lockdowns in the UK
Authors: Jago Russell , House Danielle , Salway Ruth , Walker Robert , Emm-Collison Lydia , Sansum Kate , Breheny Katie , Churchward Sarah , Williams Joanna G , Hollingworth William , de Vocht Frank
Published: December 2024

Background

The COVID-19 pandemic significantly impacted children’s physical activity. Recent evidence indicated children’s accelerometer-measured physical activity levels have, on average, returned to near pre-pandemic levels in 2022, though sedentary behaviour remains higher. However, insufficient physical activity levels among children continues to be a critical public health issue in the UK, with only 41% meeting physical activity guidelines. This study aimed to provide in-depth analysis of how the pandemic has shaped children’s physical activity patterns beyond the short-term periods following lockdowns and identify the new challenges to engaging children in physical activity.

Methods

One-to-one interviews with parents (n = 22), school staff (n = 9), and six focus groups with children aged 10–11 years (n = 45) were conducted between February and July 2022. Topics explored changes to children’s physical activity and sedentary behaviour patterns, including screen-viewing, and factors influencing any changes. The framework method was used for analysis.

Results

Five themes were generated. Theme 1 described residual lockdown habits, including increased screen-viewing within the home, while activities outside the home continued to feel less spontaneous. Theme 2 highlighted an interrupted development of social, emotional, and physical skills among children compared to what would be expected pre-pandemic. This coincided with Theme 3 which reflected increased mental health challenges among families, creating complex barriers to children’s physical activity. A new normal for child physical activity was evoked and explored in Theme 4, with greater dependence on structured and organised activities. However, Theme 5 highlighted that girls and children with lower socio-economic position may be especially at risk of decreased physical activity.

Conclusions

There is a new normal for children’s physical activity that is characterised by increased dependence on structured and organised physical activities, such as active clubs, and less on unstructured and spontaneous physical activities, such as physical play. While this may suit many children, girls and children from lower socio-economic households face barriers to participating in the new normal. It is important that affordable and equitable opportunities are provided to all children to prevent physical activity and health inequalities.
Single country multiple perspectives – media discourses on North Korea in global news stations - CNN, CCTV and Al Jazeera
Authors:   Wszechnica Polska University of Applied Sciences, Poland, Nowacki Lukasz
Published: December 2024

This study examines mainstream news media framing of North Korea based on selected events that attracted the attention
of media stations around the world in 2018. The reporting of CNN, CGTN and Al Jazeera allowed for a comparative
analysis of dominant ideological and political biases transpiring in the articles with particular inclinations as to the
framing trends that pertain in each news provider. The findings revealed dominant US hegemonic tendencies that
strongly influence the lexical as well as factual content of the publications. At the same time the Chinese reporting was
found to be in total opposition to their American counterpart with their own style, ideology and particular limitations
dominating the discourse. The Middle Eastern news station turned out to be the most disengaged and providing most
balanced reporting with clear and structured reports mainly void of particular stances.
Nomophobia in India: A Psychological Disorder that Causes the Brain to Release Dopamine in Response to Tweets, Emoticons, and other Acts, Rewarding the Behaviour and Sustaining the Habit of Using Social Media Addiction
Authors:   St. Francis Institute of Management and Research, India., V. Thangavel
Published: December 2024

The term nomophobia was first used in the 2000s, according to records. The first instance of nomophobia that OED
found was in the Daily Mail (London) in 2008. College students frequently use the internet's social media platforms in
ways that could have a detrimental effect on several aspects of their lives. This study, one of the largest to be carried out
in India and other nations, attempts to understand how tradition has been shifting to digital cultures and to assess the
incidence of problematic addiction to social networking websites among college students through internet use. People
who suffer from a phobia of losing their connection to their mobile phones are said to suffer from NOMOPHOBIA,
or NO MObile PHone PhoBIA. An insatiable need to use or log on to social media, excessive concern for social
media, and spending so much time and energy on social media that it interferes with other crucial aspects of life are
the characteristics of social media addiction. According to numerous polls, every student at various universities owns
a smartphone and uses it frequently both at home and on campus. Since addiction can result from excessive regular
usage of anything, including digital devices, researchers have decided to categorize and identify smartphone addiction
as "nomophobia." This research assesses if and to what degree nomophobia is an issue at various university students
using a mobile phone-based study of a self-assessment survey. The purpose of this study is to ascertain the degree of
nomophobia among Indians between the ages of 15 to 35. According to this study, there is a serious concern for our
"physical, mental, and social health" and a moderate to severe case of nomophobia
Social Media Classifications for Impactful Marketing in Khomas Region, Namibia
Authors:   Research Centre, International University of Management, Windhoek, Namibia, Akpo Simon E. , Maseke Bernadus F ,   Department of Management, University of Namibia
Published: December 2024

Marketers need to align their advertising content, consumer profiles, and social media applications for effective advertising, as
social media usage and applications are increasing. However, the number and variety of social media applications increased
proportionately, providing consumers and marketers with an infinite number of possibilities and causing complexity in the
selection process. In order to categorise social media into three groups that marketers can utilise to better effectively target
customers during social media marketing efforts, this study used factor analysis. Furthermore, the study recommended new,
useful marketing strategies for social media marketers. The research philosophy used in this study was positivist. Specifically,
this study used an empirical research methodological technique. The degree of internal consistency between the various
assessments was assessed using the Cronbach alpha coefficient to test the reliability of the scales in the research instrument.
A pilot study of the research instrument was conducted on a limited sample in order to further guarantee its dependability.
To reach a sample of 230 customers, systematic random sampling was used. Data was gathered via a self-administered
questionnaire. Regression analysis was performed using Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) to validate the study model.
The results showed that there are three different kinds of social media: formal, casual, and entertaining. Both informal
and entertainment social media have an impact on formal social media, which is the primary social media platform. Other
unofficial social media sites include Facebook, Instagram, Twitter, WhatsApp, and more. Snapchat and YouTube are social
media sites for entertainment. Both product and age-related social media marketing may be the subject of future studies.
Future research can ascertain the links between product and social media type as well as the associations between age and
social media type usage.
Effect of Maturity Stages on Physiological Properties of Banana Fruits
Authors:   Department of Postharvest Management, Jimma University College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Ethiopia, Techane Alemu Tolcha , Kim Oanh Vu Thim ,   Department of Post-harvest Technology, Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Vietnam
Published: December 2024

This study was conducted to understand changes of physicochemical properties of fruits of two apple cultivars (red and
yellow) as influenced by stage of maturity and physiological properties of banana fruits. Results indicated that maturity
stage at harvest significantly (P<0.05) affected quality of apple cultivars and banana fruits. The result of study showed red
apple cultivar has higher TSS, diameter, weight and a-value while the yellow cultivar apple has higher firmness, b* and L*-
values. Apple red cultivar showed higher diameter (65.9 mm), higher TSS (14.6%), L* (46) and a* (22) values and yellow
apple cultivar depicted higher firmness 10.04 N and b* values (26.7). The study also depicted that, ripe banana exhibited
higher intensity respiration CO2
and ethylene production compare to green banana. However, during storage conditions,
the cold storage exhibited lower intensity respiration CO2
and ethylene production. Ripe banana showed maximum
intensity respiration 7.6 CO2
(LCO2
/kg/h) and ethylene 7.4 μLC2
H4/kg*h. However, during room temperature at 32o
C
and cold storage at 13oC temperature, bananas stored at room temperature revealed higher respiration 1.2 CO2 (LCO2
/
kg/h) and 1.64 μLC2
H4
/kg*h ethylene compared with cold storage 0.9 CO2
(LCO2
/kg/h) and 1.1 μLC2
H4
/kg*h respectively.
Thus, it can be concluded that the choice of fruit picking time (maturity stage) plays a key role in influencing the quality
attributes of apple cultivar fruits. Further research is recommended on more quality parameters with different types of
apple and banana varieties.
Cholera Outbreak in Tanzania: A Wake-Up Call for National Health Security
Authors:   St. Francis University College of Health and Allied Sciences, Tanzania, Edward Majani , John Witness , Rajabu Matha , Mahulu Elton , Mashishanga Julius ,   St. Francis University College of Health and Allied Sciences, Tanzania, Anthony Jonaviva ,   Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College, Tanzania
Published: December 2024

The Cholera outbreak in Tanzania has raised serious concerns about the national health security of the country. The outbreak
has affected several regions, causing numerous fatalities and posing a threat to public health. This commentary discusses the
cholera outbreak in Tanzania and highlights the need for national health security. Presents the current epidemiological status of
the outbreak, including its spread to several regions and neighboring countries. Efforts to combat the outbreak, such as community-based surveillance and the distribution of aqua-tabs and safe water, are also discussed. However, poor economic development and inadequate access to clean water and sanitation remain challenges to cholera control in Tanzania. This commentary
recommends preventive measures for cholera, such as drinking and using safe water, washing hands frequently, using toilets
properly, cooking foods properly, and cleaning up safely. The use of Oral Cholera Vaccine in certain conditions is also recommended. Overall, the commentary emphasizes the need for long-term solutions to improve access to clean water and sanitation
to prevent future cholera outbreaks.
Bacterial Isolation and Identification from Bovine Mastitis and Their Pattern of AntiMicrobial Susceptibility Test in Selected Districts of North Shoa and Oromia Special Zone Surrounding Finfinne, Central Ethiopia
Authors:   Assela Regional veterinary Laboratory, Assela, Oromiya, Ethiopia, Belachew Tesfaye , Fufa Dereje ,   Assela Regional veterinary Laboratory, Assela, Oromiya, Ethiopia
Published: December 2024

A cross-sectional study was carried out from January 2023 to February 2023 to study the prevalence of bovine mastitis (Clinical and sub –clinical), risk factors, to isolate and identify major pathogens and to make antimicrobial susceptibility test on the
isolates on cross breed lactating cows which kept under intensive farming /husbandry/ system found in Barek and Sululta town.
A total of 200 lactating cows examined 66 from Sululta, 71 from Wuchale and 63 from Debre libanos for mastitis by screening
test/California Mastitis Test/ for sub clinical and udder observation and palpation for clinical mastitis from 9 kebeles which
found in sululta, Wuchale and Debre libanos. The overall prevalence of mastitis was 57 (28.5%), where lower in Sululta and
Debrelibanos districts 16(24.24) and 15(23.80) respectively and higher in Wuchale distirict 26(36.61) by clinical and sub clinical
type of mastitis. From cultured samples, the bacteria genera species and isolated were as in with high prevalence were Staphylococcus intermidius 35(71.43), Staphylococcus aureus 6(12.25), E.coli 1(2.04). Coryne bacterium (6.12%) and Bacillus cereus
4(8.13). From currently tested few isolates using selected antimicrobial agents, all susceptible for Chloramphenicol and Gentamycin except one each isolates of S.aureus and for both which shows intermediate. Similarly, most of the isolates susceptible to
Erythromycin and Amoxicillin except some isolates of Staphylococcus aureus, and bacillus cereus. However, high resistance was
observed by most of isolates to Penicillin and tetracycline.
Those cows with different lactation stage and farming system revealed significant difference (p<0.05) in prevalence of mastitis.
The prevalence of both age and parity by risk factors were insignificance (P>0.05), however, there was significance difference
between semi intensive and extensive farming system (P<0.05). Prevalence of mastitis, particularly, the subclinical one could
bring about major economic losses in dairy cows without notice as result of reduced milk production, poor growth or mortality
of suckling calves and dam health. The resistance to penicillin and tetracycline were observed with poor efficacy may be due to
prolonged and indiscriminate usage these antimicrobials in the area so that Chloramphenicol, Gentamycin and Erythromycin
could be the drugs of choice in the present study.
Assessment of Antimicrobial Activity of Acacia nilotica Extract against GramPositive Bacteria Isolated from Clinical Specimens in Shendi Town, Sudan
Authors:   Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Shendi University, Shendi, Sudan, A Abdelgader Leila Mohamed
Published: December 2024

Background: Acacia nilotica is one of the products used as an antimicrobial agent since ancient times. With the alarming
increase of antibiotic-resistant bacterial strains, Acacia nilotica can be an alternative and safe agent that helps in the
treatment of these strains.
Objectives: The aim is to evaluate the in vitro antimicrobial activity of different concentrations of Acacia nilotica on
gram-positive bacteria isolated from clinical specimens using the agar well diffusion method.
Methodology: This is a prospective cross-sectional study in Shendi City, Sudan, during the period from March 2023
to February 2024. A total of 50 samples were collected from urine and wounds, from which four strains of pathogenic
gram-positive bacteria were isolated and identified.
Results: Out of a total of 50 clinical specimens, Staphylococcus aureus 30 (60%), Staphylococcus epidermidis 13
(26%), Staphylococcus saprophyticus 4 (8%), and Enterococcus fecalis 3 (6%). Acacia nilotica showed remarkable
antimicrobial activity against all gram-positive cocci bacteria.
Conclusion: The findings of this study showed that Acacia nilotica can be used as an antibacterial agent against grampositive bacterial strains. The greatest value of the antibacterial effect can be obtained when Acacia nilotica is at a
concentration of 100%. As a result, this study established the usefulness of the Acacia nilotica plant as a substitute
therapy for bacterial illnesses, one that may be utilized to either totally eradicate or significantly reduce the bacteria's
resistance to synthetic antimicrobial drugs.
Nurse Compliance with the Use of Personal Protective Equipment While Handling Chemotherapy: A Multicenter Cross-Sectional Study in Palestine
Authors:   Faculty of Nursing and Health Sciences, Bethlehem University, Bethlehem, Palestine, Lama Nader , Saca- Hazboun Hanan ,   Faculty of Nursing and Health Sciences, Bethlehem University, Bethlehem, Palestine
Published: December 2024

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to assess the level of compliance among oncology nurses with personal protective
equipment while handling chemotherapy and determine factors hindering its use.
Design: A cross-sectional study with a quantitative descriptive approach.
Method: 100 oncology nurses from six Palestinian hospitals participated in this study (68.5% response rate). Nurses
involved in chemotherapy handling and working in cancer departments were purposively selected to complete a paperbased questionnaire. A bivariate correlation analysis was conducted. Sample size was determined based on the practical
limitations of time and resources rather than a formal calculation.
Study variables: The primary independent variables in this study include knowledge about chemotherapy exposure,
perceived risk of harm from exposure, self-efficacy in using personal protective equipment, barriers to personal protective
equipment use, workplace safety climate, interpersonal influences, and perceived conflict of interest. The dependent variable
is compliance with the use of personal protective equipment.
Results: Nurses were experienced in oncology, well-educated, received training on the use of personal protective equipment,
and, on average, treated 1-5 patients per day. Knowledge on chemotherapy exposure was low (Mean = 6.77, Standard
Deviation ± 1.87); as was self-efficacy (13.22 ± 3.32). Perceived barriers to using personal protective equipment were
moderate (29.93 ± 9.00); as was workplace safety climate (54.11 ± 11.43). Total precaution use during chemotherapy
administration was moderate (2.3 ± 0.67). Nurse characteristics did not predict personal protective equipment use.
Conclusions: This study demonstrated that Palestinian oncology nurses exhibited a moderate level of compliance with the
use of personal protective equipment. Compliance with personal protective equipment was highest during chemotherapy
administration and lowest during disposal activities. Further research is necessary to comprehend the impact of nurses'
beliefs and attitudes on compliance levels. Additionally, future studies should consider other healthcare providers
inadvertently exposed to chemotherapy.
Şeyh Ubeydullah İsyanının Urmiye Nesturi Misyonu Üzerindeki Etkisine Dair Bir Değerlendirme
Authors: Tarduş İbrahim , Filiz Mehmet Şirin
Published: December 2024

XIX. yüzyılda Osmanlı İmparatorluğu ve İran İmparatorluğu’nun hem birbirleriyle hem de Rusya’yla yaptığı savaşlar her iki ülkede de büyük tahribatlara yol açmıştı. Her iki devletin sınır boylarında yaşanan tahribatlar büyük olduğu için bölgede yaşayan insanlar bu tahribatlardan daha fazla etkilenmişti. Sınır bölgelerinde mukim Kürtler için de aynı olumsuzluklar geçerliydi. Kürtler içerisinde bulundukları kaotik ortamdan kurtulmak için kendilerine çare aramaktaydılar. Bu arayışların bir sonucu olarak 1880 yılında Şeyh Ubeydullah önderliğinde İran’a karşı bir isyan başlatıldı. Bu isyan bölgede yaşayan birçok farklı etnik ve dini topluluğu da derinden etkiledi. Bu nedenle bu çalışmanın amacı 1880 yılının son aylarında Şeyh Ubeydullah önderliğinde İran’a karşı gerçekleştirilen isyanın, Amerikalı Protestan misyonerler tarafından kurulan Urmiye Nesturi misyonunda yaratmış olduğu etkileri incelemektir. Bu amaçla öncelikle bir şeyhi politik bir isyan lideri olarak ortaya çıkaran tarihsel çerçevenin anlaşılması için Kürtler açısından önemli bir tarihsel dönemeç olan Çaldıran Savaşı sonrası dönemden XIX. yüzyılın son çeyreğine kadarki periyod ele alınmış ve Şeyh Ubeydullah isyanının hangi koşullar altında başladığı, nasıl geliştiği ve nasıl sonuçlandığı üzerinde durulmuştur. Sonrasında Amerikalı Protestan misyonerleri İran’a getiren tarihsel süreç, Urmiye Nesturi misyonunun kuruluşunda yer alan misyonerlerin notlarından elde edilen bilgilerle incelenmiştir.
CT Scan Based Estimation of Distance of Human Paracentral Lobule from Different Landmarks of Cerebral Hemisphere between Bangladeshi Male and Female Population
Authors: Chowdhury Mahfuza , Khatun Munira , Momena Zeenatul , Shahin Rebeka , Kawser Tunajjina , Mahmud Shaila
Published: December 2024

Context: This study was carried out to observe the distance of paracentral lobule in relation to different points of cerebral hemisphere between adult male and female Bangladeshi population. Materials & Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted in the Department of Anatomy, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka, during the period of January 2017 to December 2017. A total of 70 adult Bangladeshi male & female were selected, age ranging from 20-65 years. CT scan image of brain in midsagittal view was used for this study. Distance of paracentral lobule in relation to different points of cerebral hemisphere was measured and compared between adult male and female Bangladeshi population. Calculation was done using unpaired student’s ‘t’ test. Results: In male, mean distance from inferior most point of paracentral lobule to corpus callosum were 11.37±1.79 mm and 11.09±1.87 mm on right and left cerebral hemisphere respectively. In female, mean distance were 11.67±2.36 and 11.20±2.38 mm on right and left respectively. In male, distance from frontal pole to anterior most point of paracentral lobule of right and left were 89.21±5.22 mm and 88.82±5.28 mm respectively. In female, on right and left cerebral hemisphere, distance were 87.81±3.57 mm and 87.23±3.60 mm respectively. In male, distance from occipital pole to posterior most point of paracentral lobule of right and left cerebral hemisphere were 73.11±3.38 mm and 72.68±3.24 mm respectively. In female on right and left, distance were 71.86±4.67 mm and 71.49±5.08 mm respectively. Conclusion: There was no statistically significant difference regarding distance of paracentral lobule from different landmarks of cerebral hemisphere between adult male and female of Bangladesh.
Bangladesh Journal of Anatomy July 2021, Vol. 19, No. 1, pp. 8-12
Gender Variation in Squatting Facet of Talus Bone
Authors: Mahmud Shaila , Naushaba Humaira , Kauser Tunajjina , Momena Zeenatul , Tahmina Mousomi , Choudhury Taskina
Published: December 2024

Context: Talus is the most important key bone of the tarsals as it carries the weight in static and kinetic position during movement. Squatting facet is present on the superior surface of the neck of the talus. Appearance of squatting facet occur due to postural adaptation like squatting position during extreme dorsiflexion in climbing, prolonged standing, harvesting, performing prayers and high arched foot. Squatting facet can determine the race of an individual, can be utilized by forensic experts and anthropologists while dealing with unidentified bones. Material and Method: This cross sectional observational study was conducted on 150 fully ossified dry adult human left tali (of which 83 were male and 67 were female). Types of squatting facets were observed in the Department of Anatomy of Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka from January, 2018 to December,2018. Results: In male, out of 83 left tali, lateral squatting facet were observed in 24 cases (28.9%), medial squatting facet in 4 cases (4.8%), combined (medial and lateral) squatting facet in 9 cases (10.8%), no squatting facet in 46 cases (55.4%). In female, out of 67 left tali, lateral facet were found in 15 cases (22.4%), medial facet in 2 cases (3.0%), combined facet in 5 cases (7.5%) and no squatting facet in 45 cases (67.2%). Conclusion: In the present study, lateral squatting facets were the commonest in both male and female.
Bangladesh Journal of Anatomy July 2021, Vol. 19, No. 1, pp. 13-16
Comparison of Power Grip Strength in Male Knitter and Sedentary Worker
Authors: Tripti Durratul Jahan , Kishwara Segufta , Chowdhury Mahfuza , Kawser Tunajjina , Sumi Sharmin Akhter , Mahmud Shaila
Published: December 2024

Context: The measurement of power grip strength is a simple and inexpensive method to assess hand functions. It is influenced by the health status and the level of occupational demand using hand. The study was carried out to compare the power grip strength of Bangladeshi male knitters and sedentary workers. Materials & Methods: A cross sectional analytical study was conducted in Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka from January 2017 to December 2017 on thirty three (33) adult Bangladeshi male sedentary workers (group A) and ninety nine (99) adult Bangladeshi male knitters (group B). Ninety nine participants of knitters were further subdivided into three subgroups according to their working experience in years. Hand grip strength dynamometer (Camry, USA) was used to measure the power grip strength. Results: Statistically significant difference (P<0.05) of mean power grip strength was observed between sedentary workers (group A) and knitters (group B) in both hands whereas the mean power grip strength was greater in the knitters than the sedentary workers. Among the knitters the more experienced subgroup had non-significantly higher (P<0.05) power grip strength than the less experienced subgroups. Conclusion: The present study showed that power grip strength was higher in male Bangladeshi knitters compared to sedentary workers in both hands.
Bangladesh Journal of Anatomy July 2021, Vol. 19, No. 1, pp. 22-25
Brucellosis among High-Risk Occupational Population at Sylhet City of Bangladesh
Authors: Akhtar Jasmin , Hassan Mortoza , Sajid Khandaker Md. Tasnim , Rahman Md. Arifur , Aziz Zahra
Published: December 2024

Background: Brucellosis is a worldwide zoonotic disease. The occurrence in humans is usually associated with occupational or domestic exposure to infect animals or their product. It is a major public health concern worldwide.
Objective: This study was conducted to estimate the seroprevalence and factors associated with human brucellosis.
Methodology: This was a cross-sectional study. Data was collected during the period of July 2016 to June 2017. Participants who were in high-risk professionals were selected using simple random sampling technique. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire and analyzed for anti-Brucella IgG and IgM in the serum were determine by Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) technique.
Results: A total of 90 participants among which 65 participants were high risk professionals were recruited for this study. The seroprevalence of anti-Brucella IgG was found to be 32 (49.2%). Concerning occupation, the highest seropositivity was seen in dairy farm workers 3(16.7%). According to type of animal handled highest seropositivity was found 9 (56.3%) in 16 participants of both cow and goat handlers. There was no statistically significant association between seropositivity and type of animal handled, duration of occupation (p>0.05). The participants with history of raw milk consumption seropositivity were seen in 11(55.0%) cases. Participants having symptoms suggestive of brucellosis showed seropositivity in 13(59.1%) cases.
Conclusion: In conclusion our study revealed that the brucellosis is still an occupational health hazard in Bangladesh. Consumption of raw dairy milk appeared to be one of the most important risk factors for human brucellosis.
Bangladesh Journal of Medical Microbiology, January 2024;18(1):11-16
Impact of Sand Mining on Bathymetry of the Meghna River
Authors: Joly Mst Asfat Ara , Islam M Shahidul
Published: December 2024

This study aims to evaluate the morphological changes of the lower Meghna River in Bhola district due to reckless sand mining from riverbeds. It has been done based on primary data collected from the field and secondary data, such as river bathymetry of 2006, 2012, and 2022 from BIWTA and Landsat Imageries of 2006, 2016, and 2023 from USGS Earth Explorer. The study demonstrates that extensive sand mining activities in the lower Meghna River significantly affect river bathymetry and accelerate riverbank erosion. Lower Meghna River experiences a higher erosion rate due to prolonged and intensive sand mining. The erosion rate increased significantly between 2020 and 2021, with the riverbed eroding at an accelerating rate, highlighting a critical situation in the region. However, FGD and case studies from the field show that the impact of sand mining is not only confined to river morphology change but many more ecological, socio-political, economic, environmental, and governance issues are also linked with sand mining activities.
The Dhaka University Journal of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Vol. 13(1), 2024, P 21-28
Plankton Biodiversity and Spatial Variation in the Moheshkhali Channel, Bay of Bengal, Bangladesh
Authors: Jahan Tamanna , Alam Md Jobaer , Khondker Moniruzzaman , Rahman Swachsa , Fayyaz Rafid
Published: December 2024

This study provides a comprehensive exploration of the pivotal ecological roles played by phytoplankton and zooplankton, highlighting their significance as primary producers and consumers, respectively. Delving deep into the intricate web of environmental factors influencing plankton population dynamics, a meticulous qualitative and quantitative examination was conducted at six distinct stations in the Moheshkhali channel, situated in Cox's Bazar, Bangladesh. The species composition of plankton, as well as the observed species richness and diversity index, exhibited remarkable congruence with the findings of other studies conducted within the same geographical area. In the studied stations, water temperature, salinity, pH, and dissolved oxygen (DO) ranged from 20.94 to 23.90 ºC, 10.60 to 23.98 ppt, 7.60 to 7.92, and 7.7 to 11.7 mg/L, respectively. The density of phytoplankton ranged from 5 to 90 ind × 103/m3, while the zooplankton population density ranged from 5 to 25 ind × 102/m3. Among phytoplankton, Rhizosolenia was found to be dominant, but the zooplankton population was dominated by the copepod nauplii stages. Variable ranges of salinity, predation, and environmental factors might be responsible for governing the biodiversity of plankton in this less saline zone of the Bay of Bengal, the Moheshkhali Channel.
The Dhaka University Journal of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Vol. 13(1), 2024, P 155-167
Fuzzy Logic Application to Model Uncertain Route Choice Behaviour of Bus Users in Dhaka City
Authors: Basu Nandita , Mitra Suman Kumar
Published: December 2024

This paper aims at addressing uncertain human behavior of selecting any particular route based on the predefined road attributes. The study has focused on the route choice behavior of individual road users. This phenomenon of choosing any particular route may depend on number of variables and the influences of variables are different and uncertain on different road users for selecting any route. The study has been conducted on users of five different bus routes of Dhaka City having same origin-destination. Bus users have been asked question regarding the factors that influence each individual’s choice of any particular route. The survey has been conducted for both weekday and weekend. Fuzzy logic approach has been used to model such uncertain behavior and Neuro-fuzzy logic has been used to calibrate the fuzzy logic based model. Results have shown that travel time and waiting time are two most significant factors to influence route choice behavior. Other factors, such as the comfort, safety, security and regularity are also found significantly important. The output results of model have been validated against the surveyed data and it has revealed that Fuzzy Logic model can predict the route choice pattern (route share) to a significant level.
Journal of Bangladesh Institute of Planners, Vol. 8, Dec 2015, pp. 1-14
Municipal Solid Waste Management System: A Study on Dhaka North and South City Corporations
Authors: Kabir Mohammad Rasel
Published: December 2024

Generation of municipal solid waste is ominously increasing due to the rapid growth of population coupled with the increasing scale of economic activity, i.e. urbanization, industrialization, and improved living standards. Urban local bodies across the world are struggling with the tenacious problems of municipal waste management, particularly in disposal of waste. Based on estimates, two Dhaka city corporations collectively generate about 1.6 million tons of municipal waste each year and emit approximately 1 million tons of GHG. This paper aims to evaluate the capacity of Dhaka North and Dhaka South City Corporations in handling waste against the mounting generation of MSW. The entire study is developed with secondary information but substantial primary information has been collected to update and to verify the information received from secondary sources.
Journal of Bangladesh Institute of Planners, Vol. 8, Dec 2015, pp. 35-48
Transport Accessibility of Housing: Perspectives of House Rental and the Tenants’ Housing Choice
Authors: Nahrin Kasphia , Rahman M Shafiq Ur
Published: December 2024

Transport accessibility is a very important criterion which influences rental value and housing preference of the tenants. This paper analyzes the relation between transport accessibility and house rental as well as the relative importance of transport accessibility indicators to the tenants for rental housing decision choice. This research analyzed data collected from 200 sample residents of rental housing from the middle-income areas of Dhaka city. This research found that transport accessibility is an important factor for the variation of house rental and there is a significant variation in the relative importance of different transport accessibility attributes to the tenants in Dhaka. Proximity to bus stop is the most important criterion for the tenants followed by the condition of front road, distance to major road, width of front road, distance to market and distance to the CBD. However, many households of middle-income bracket in Dhaka usually compromise their housing preference due to limited affordability. This study suggests for appropriate land use planning along with housing planning so that transport accessibility could be improved within the affordability level of the tenants.
Journal of Bangladesh Institute of Planners, Vol. 8, Dec 2015, pp. 73-83
Major features of Municipal Finance in Bangladesh: A Case Study Based Investigation
Authors: Reza Farhadur , Hossain S M Nawshad , Miti Sania Sifat , Haq Md Enamul
Published: December 2024

The rapid increase in the urban population has put pressure on local governments to provide a range of services from water and sewer infrastructure to social services and housing. The extent to which a municipality is able to deliver services efficiently depends on its level and nature of finance. To cope with rapid urbanization and provide basics services, municipalities need to adopt efficient financial management system. This paper addresses the major features of municipal finance (revenue and expenditure) of Taherpur and Noahata Municipalities and proposes some guidelines to enhance their financial management system. Data on municipal revenue and expenditure were collected from annual budgets of the Taherpur and Noahata Municipality. The study findings state that, Municipalities, for their revenue are largely dependent on government grant, local and foreign fund for development sector; whereas general establishment and infrastructural development are prime expenditure items. The paper also proposes some guidelines to enhance financial management system of the Municipalities.
Journal of Bangladesh Institute of Planners, Vol. 8, Dec 2015, pp. 103-109
Planning Intervention for Flood Control and Risk Management in Chilmari Upazila of Kurigram District
Authors: Roy Tusar Kanti , Hasan Md Kamrul , Hossain Md Shahadat
Published: December 2024

Water related natural hazards and climate change issues such as flood has become a serious threat to the lives, livelihoods and sustainable development of Bangladesh. Chilmari Upazila of Kurigram district which is one of the most seriously flood affected areas of Bangladesh has been taken as the study area. Bangladesh is already known as a role model for flood risk management around the world. But, the situation of flood management is not the same all around the country. The objectives of this study are to find out the main problems of the flood control and risk management system of Chilmari Upazila, and to develop a planning intervention guideline for its flood control and risk management. The interactive approach of the study involves participation of the stakeholders to develop local solutions to the flood problems. The empirical part of this study is conducted by household questionnaire survey and semi-structured in-depth interviews with questions regarding flood control and risk management. Main findings of the study state that the floods in Chilmari are managed in ad hoc manner. A coordinated and comprehensive management approach along with strong institutional framework is very important for sustainable flood control and risk management at Chilmari.
Journal of Bangladesh Institute of Planners, Vol. 8, Dec 2015, pp. 111-121
Implication of Agriculture and Rural Economy nexus in Rural Planning: A Case Study of Nimpara Union, Charghat, Rajshahi
Authors: Zinia Faria Afrin , Anam Md Sadrul , Hossain A K M Sadat
Published: December 2024

Bangladesh is predominantly an agricultural country and this sector plays a pivotal role in accelerating the economic growth. But this sector is beset with many problems which causes low rate of return, seasonal unemployment etc. Because of low economic return, many farmers and agricultural labors have bound to shift in other occupations and/or migrate to another region. This paper is an initiative to find out whether agriculture is supporting rural economy satisfactorily or not. The research is based on primary and secondary data. Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) has been used as a tool in primary data collection. The primary data suggests that there is seasonal unemployment in agriculture sector that induces migration. The secondary data analysis has concluded that owing to lower wage and economic benefit, human involvement is being reduced in this sector day by day.
Journal of Bangladesh Institute of Planners, Vol. 8, Dec 2015, pp. 233-241
Economic Transformation and Its Effects in Rural Areas
Authors: Jahan Musharrat , Ali Md Rahamat , Hossain Md Uzzal , Abdullah-Al-Faisal Md , Baksh Md Awual
Published: December 2024

‘Economic Transformation’ refers to a long-term and irreversible change in the prevailing economic activity. As the global economic trend is changing swiftly, Bangladesh economy is struggling to renovate itself to endure the competition while continuing to arrange for employment opportunities, alleviate poverty and increase economic growth. Our objective was to find out whether Baneshwar union of Puthia Upazila, Rajshahi faced any economic transformation and if so, how this transformation affected their rural lifestyle. We also provided recommendation to further the economic transformation. This study helped us conclude that- Economic transformation is a dynamic process in Baneshwar and most people have transformed to business sector. No transformation occurred in traditional occupation (example, pottery, etc.). Jaigir Para is least transformed locality. Increased economic transformation improved infrastructural situation and upgraded social facilities. Based on above findings we suggested that, Jaigir Para needs investment to prosper economically. Traditional occupations need investment so that they can be sustained. Although Baneshwar is a small union in the backward nor-western region of Bangladesh, it has shown promises of transformation and development and with a little help from authorities and benevolent organizations this union can go a far way towards productive growth and economic freedom.
Journal of Bangladesh Institute of Planners, Vol. 8, Dec 2015, pp. 243-251
Market Preparedness for Policy Interventions towards Domestic Sustainable Markets: A study on Thai Rice Supply Chain
Authors: Gideon Balasingam  , Rebecca Anns  , Shobana S  , Deepthi Krishnan
Published: December 2024

Climate change is a critical global issue affecting environments, economies, and societies. Sustainable development, which meets current needs without compromising future generation emerged in the 1987 Brundtland Report, requiring transformation across sectors, including business, where sustainability must be central. Integrating sustainability into market strategies allows businesses to attract environmentally conscious consumers, differentiate in a competitive market, and contribute to a sustainable future. This paper examines the Thai rice supply chain using Fairtrade as a voluntary sustainability standard, exploring consumer awareness, factors influencing sustainable market practices, and market readiness for sustainable products in the Global South. Based on the research project conducted in Thailand by engaging university students by Fairtrade International, it uses desk and field methods to assess the Thai rice supply chain, Thai rice market, and Thai customers. The study is indicative of the market readiness for sustainable products and recommends that state policies are synonymous with established private sustainable standards to strengthen domestic sustainable market ecosystem.
Hybrid Shifts, Leadership Lifts: How Change Leadership Can Make a Difference in Employees’ Change-Supportive Behavior During the Transition to Hybrid Working Models Since COVID-19
Authors: Cowden Christin Helen , Zaar Sonja
Published: December 2024

The transition to hybrid working models since COVID-19 has posed significant challenges for organizations, particularly in securing employees’ support. This study investigates how change leadership shapes the latter, focusing on the interplay with leader-member exchange (LMX) and organizational identification. Using data from 282 knowledge workers across industries and ordinary least squares regression, we show a positive relationship between change leadership and change-supportive behavior mediated by LMX. Surprisingly, organizational identification negatively moderates this relationship, revealing a 'ceiling effect' where highly identified employees' intrinsic motivation diminishes the impact of change leadership. These findings provide valuable guidance for the navigation of effective change.