bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Urban Planning by Experiment: Practices, Outcomes, and Impacts
Authors: Scholl Christian , De Kraker Joop
Published: March 2021

The impact of urban experimentation on urban planning approaches is so far insufficiently assessed and discussed. This thematic issue sets out to investigate the possibilities and limitations of ‘urban planning by experiment,’ defined as an approach that uses experimentation to innovate and improve urban planning instruments, approaches, and outcomes. It brings together eight contributions presenting original research on urban experimentation and its relation to urban planning. All contributions are empirically grounded in (illustrative) case studies, mostly from European cities. Here, we summarize and discuss the major findings across the eight contributions with respect to three key themes: the practices of urban experimentation, its outcomes, and its impacts on urban planning. We conclude that the practices of urban experimentation described in the contributions generated a wide variety of substantive and learning outcomes, which, according to the authors, represent worthwhile additions or alternatives to the current repertoire of approaches and instruments of urban planning. However, except for a single case, large-scale integration of experimentation in established approaches to urban planning was not observed, let alone a complete transformation of urban planning practices. An area for further research concerns the relation between the way urban experiments are organized and conducted, and their impact on urban planning.
Software architecture for display controller and operating system interaction
Authors:   Center of Visualization and Satellite Information Technologies, Federal Scientific Center Scientific Research Institute of System Analysis of the RAS, Pugin Konstantin V. , Mamrosenko Kirill A. ,   Center of Visualization and Satellite Information Technologies, Federal Scientific Center Scientific Research Institute of System Analysis of the RAS, Giatsintov Alexander M. ,   Center of Visualization and Satellite Information Technologies, Federal Scientific Center Scientific Research Institute of System Analysis of the RAS
Published: March 2021

Article describes solutions for developing programs that provide interaction between Linux operating system and multiple display controller hardware blocks (outputs), that use one clock generation IP-block with phase-locked loop (PLL). There is no API for such devices in Linux, thus new software model was developed. This model is based on official Linux GPU developer driver model, but was modified to cover case described earlier. Article describes three models for display controller driver development – monolithic, component and semi-monolithic. These models cannot cover case described earlier, because they assume that one clock generator should be attached to one output. A new model was developed, that is based on component model, but has additional mechanics to prevent race condition that can happen while using one clock generator with multiple outputs. Article also presents modified model for bootloaders graphics drivers. This model has been simplified over developed Linux model, but also has component nature (with less components) and race prevention mechanics (but with weaker conditions). Hardware interaction driver components that are developed using provided software models are interchangeable between Linux and bootloader.
The problem of increasing the capacity of mobile communication channels and possible solutions
Authors:   V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University, Tyutyunik Andrey S. , Badashev Alexey A. ,   KTK TELECOM, Gurchenko Vladimir S. ,   V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University
Published: March 2021

In this paper the problem of the growing demand for increasing the capacity of communication channels is considered, using the example of real statistical data of the current mobile operator, and the search for possible ways to solve this issue. The analysis of the distribution of electromagnetic fields and SAR for a three-layer model of the human head when interacting with a cell phone is carried out. The results obtained allow us to conclude that it is impossible to significantly increase the capacity of mobile terminals. The increase in power is accompanied by a significant increase in the spatial peak SAR, which exceeds the value recommended by international standards. As an alternative, the main directions and developments for raising the energy potential in the fifth generation 5G cellular radio channels in the millimeter wavelength range have been identified.
In Memory of Arkady Borisovich Tsepelev
Authors:   RENSIT journal editorial office, Grachev, Vladimir I. , Ilyushin Alexander S. ,   RENSIT journal editorial office
Published: March 2021

Provides information about the deceased Arkady Borisovich Tsepelev - Doctor of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, full member of the Russian Academy of Natural Sciences, professor, leading researcher at the A.A. Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science (IMET) RAS, member of the academic council of IMET RAS, professor at MEPhI, specialist in the field of solid state physics and radiation and space materials science: basic biographical data, training at the Voronezh Polytechnic Institute at the Faculty of Physics and Technology, postgraduate studies and work at IMET, defense of the candidate and doctoral dissertations, authorship of hundreds of scientific papers and reviews, pedagogical activity at MEPhI, editorial staff in scientific journals, membership in the Russian Academy of Natural Sciences
Graphene oxide - a new electrode nanomaterial for chemical current sources
Authors:   ", Kornilov Denis Yu. ,   AkKo Lab",   LLC
Published: March 2021

The material of the defense of the dissertation for the degree of Doctor of Technical Sciences is presented - the first doctoral dissertation in Russia on graphene topics. The relevance of the search for new electroactive nanomaterials for current sources of portable electronic equipment in conditions of its high energy consumption with its miniaturization and increase in performance is noted, the object of research is characterized - graphene oxide as a cathode material for lithium chemical current sources, the formulation of research tasks is formulated, the physicochemical methods of analysis.
Mapping QTLs using High-Density SNPs Genotyped by Sequencing Reveals Novel Potential Regions Underlying Maize Root Morphological Traits at Seedling Stage
Authors: Moussa Abdourazak Alio
Published: March 2021

Maize (Zea mays L.) root system plays a crucial role in plant fixation and the acquisition of nutrients and water essential for growth and development. Herein, 179 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) obtained from a cross between P014 × E1312 were genotyped via genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS) and phenotyped for root related-traits at 5 and 15 days after germination (dag) under controlled conditions. Quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping based on high-density GBS-SNPs bin map was performed, and an overall number of 14 QTLs with a phenotypic variance explained (PVE) ranging from 1.78 to 16.05% were identified. The QTL co-localization was detected at each of the two time-points, and one major QTL region on chromosome 4 was found to be significantly associated with multiple traits, including root projected area (PRA), root surface area (SUA), shoot dry weight (SDW), and total plant biomass (TPB). Compared to previous root-related studies, QTLs located in chromosomal bins 2.09 (qROT5d-2-1), 4.05 (qPRA5d-4-1, qSUA5d-4-1, qSDW15d-4-1, qTPB15d-4-1), 7.06 (qTRL15d-7-1), and 8.09 (qSDW5d-8-1) were found to be novel. Two candidate genes GRMZM2G109056 and GRMZM2G053458, associated with root dry weight trait on chromosome 1, were verified for expression level, and the results showed significantly different expression levels between the two outer parental accessions in primary roots at all evaluated time-points. Thus, the identified loci and genes could play an important role in maize molecular breeding for high yielding varieties. © 2021 Friends Science Publishers
A economía circular como filosofía da economía verde e como estratexia de responsabilidade social
Authors: González Ordaz Gilberto Israel , Vargas-Hernández José G.
Published: March 2021

O seguinte artigo mostra a importancia que ha ir adquirindo o coidado do medio ambiente por parte das organizacións industriais, xa que cada vez os recursos da natureza se volven máis escasos ao ser extraídos-procesados-usados-eliminados, polo que xurdiu unha filosofía chamada Economía Verde, que é a combinación de actividades económicas, pero sen danar ao medio ambiente. É aquí onde xorde o modelo de Economía Circular, como un sistema que busca a fabricación de produtos máis resistentes ou a recolección de materias primas a través da reciclaxe para a súa reutilización, o que representa unha forma de desenvolvemento sostible que mantén a Responsabilidade Social por parte das empresas.
Vamos constituir nosso próprio poder!
Authors: Do Povo da Terra Cidadas e cidadãos
Published: March 2021

Nós, cidadãs e cidadãos do Povo da Terra, de todos os países, culturas e tradições, reunidos em Paris neste momento histórico, testemunhas d o desequilíbrio climático e da degradação dos recursos naturais essenciais para a vida na Terra e da crescente desigualdade entre os seres humanos, estamos determinados a preservar a capacidade de bem viver dasgerações presentes e futuras. Empoderados de nossos conhecimentos e culturas e tendo mobilizado nossa capacidade de agir em múltiplas iniciativas em todo o mundo visando a Grande Transição, vemos com preocupação a inadequação e a incapacidade do processo de negociação das Nações Unidas desde 1992 até 2015, de fazer um acordo ambicioso, corajoso e convincente para evitar maiores consequências de um desequilíbrio climático anunciado há muito tempo por cientistas e cujos efeitos desastrosos são agora evidentes.
Contributos para a caraterização da retórica ambiental na imprensa generalista portuguesa
Authors: Ramos Rui
Published: March 2021

Situando-se no quadro da Análise do Discurso, o presente texto descreve e analisa aspetos funcionais e configuracionais relevantes de um breve corpus de artigos jornalísticos contemporâneos que tocam a problemática ambiental. Identifica alguns dos mecanismos mais salientes sobre os quais este tipo de discurso se constrói, nomeadamente a interdiscursividade com o discurso da ciência, as suas marcas de didaticidade, o seu caráter diretivo, a dramatização criada, a modalização avaliativa do enunciador e o balanço entre argumentação e emoção sobre o qual opera. Pretende, desta forma, constituir um contributo válido para a caraterização da retórica ambiental na imprensa generalista portuguesa contemporânea, numa época em que o ambientalismo é um dos discursos mais operativos da esfera pública nacional.
Un documento notarial de Santiago de Compostela escrito en galego en 1337
Authors: Rodríguez Parada Raquel
Published: March 2021

O obxectivo deste artigo é ofrecer a edición crítica dun documento notarial inédito da comarca compostelá pertencente ao ano 1337. Trátase dun traslado que conta cunha copia (tamén conservada) dun texto de avinza e composición custodiado no Arquivo Histórico Diocesano de Santiago de Compostela (AHDS). Acompañamos a lectura dunha introdución na cal abordamos a descrición e estudo do documento e damos unhas breves notas dos notarios e escribáns; deseguido, achegamos un glosario en que aparecen recollidas todas as voces do léxico común contidas no dito texto e, finalmente, ofrecemos dous índices, un antroponímico e outro toponímico.
Para uma avaliação do processamento de palavras sufixadas do português europeu. Desafios da adaptação das provas morfológicas da bateria PAL (Psycholinguistic Assessment of Language)
Authors: Martins Cristina , Rio-Torto Graça , Festas María Isabel
Published: March 2021

A PAL-PORT é uma bateria de provas de avaliação psicolinguística recentemente adaptada para o português (variante europeia) a partir da PAL (Psycholinguistic Assessment of Language), originalmente desenvolvida para a língua inglesa por Caplan (1992). A bateria inclui provas envolvendo, entre outros, aspectos do processamento morfológico. Equacionamos, neste trabalho, os principais problemas levantados pela selecção das palavras derivadas por sufixação que integram as provas de decisão lexical e de produção de palavras afixadas da PAL-PORT. São criticamente discutidos os critérios de selecção destas palavras e, mais precisamente, a forma como diferentes propriedades (com destaque para as morfofonológicas) dos sufixos e das palavras derivadas podem interagir com os modos eventualmente alternativos de processamento (holístico ou (de)composicional) das palavras morfologicamente complexas.
Recensión: Carlos Garrido, Léxico Galego: Degradaçom e Regeneraçom
Authors: Sánchez Rei Xosé Manuel
Published: March 2021

Recensión: Carlos Garrido, Léxico Galego: Degradaçom e Regeneraçom, Sant Cugat del Vallès (Barcelona), Edições da Galiza, 2011, 799 páxinas.
Unha corrección marxinal do Cancioneiro da Ajuda nada marxinal
Authors: Rodríguez Guerra Alexandre
Published: March 2021

O presente artigo pretende fixar a lectura dunha anotación marxinal do Cancioneiro da Ajuda. A transcendencia desta corrección marxinal é indiscutible porque podemos estar diante da única grafía  (/ʎ/) entre as anotacións de A contemporáneas á copia. Para realizarmos este traballo achegámonos ás distintas interpretacións dos estudosos, revisamos algunhas reproducións de A e comprobamos tamén o orixinal manuscrito. Concluímos o labor filolóxico coa fixación, coidamos que incuestionable, desta pasaxe
Recensión: Xoán Carlos Lagares / Marcos Bagno (orgs.), Políticas da norma e conflitos linguísticos
Authors: Freixeiro Mato Xosé Ramón
Published: March 2021

Recensión: Xoán Carlos Lagares / Marcos Bagno (orgs.), Políticas da norma e conflitos linguísticos, São Paulo, Parábola Editorial, 2011, 391 páxinas.
Recensión: Xosé Ramón Freixeiro Mato, Estilística da lingua galega
Authors: Sánchez Rei Xosé Manuel
Published: March 2021

Recensión: Xosé Ramón Freixeiro Mato, Estilística da lingua galega, 2013, Vigo, Xerais, 572 páxinas.
PRODUCTION and CHARACTERIZATION of GELATIN FUNCTIONALIZED HYDROXYAPATITE COMPOSITE MICROSPHERES for BIOMEDICAL APPLICATIONS
Authors: BAŞTAN Fatih Erdem
Published: March 2021

In this study, it is aimed to produce composite hydroxyapatite (HA) gelatin microspheres (HA-Gel) intended for drug delivery applications. The polymer network within the HA particle-matrix can be facilitated as a drug carrier system. The dissolution of the polymer in the physiological medium allows to release the drug in a controlled manner and also develop the cell-microsphere interactions. Gelatin functionalized HA microspheres and bare HA granules were produced by spray drying. The morphology, thermal properties, chemical and phase structure of the produced powders were analysed with SEM, TG-DTA, FTIR and XRD. HA-Gel microspheres presented spherical morphology and hollow/core-shell cross-section and included HA nanoparticles and gelatin together according to the SEM, FTIR and XRD studies. TG-DTA results showed that gelatin was evolved from the microspheres ~300 °C, and bare HA was stable up to 1400 °C. Gelatin was released from the microspheres after immersion in the phosphate buffer saline (PBS) solution for 14 days.
VIBRATION CHARACTERISTICS OF NONUNIFORM BLADES MADE OF FUNCTIONALLY GRADED MATERIAL
Authors: KILIÇ Burak , ŞAHİN Selim , ÖZDEMİR Özge
Published: March 2021

The purpose of this study is to examine the vibration characteristics of a rotating blade whose material distribution varies in the spanwise direction. Formulations for functionally graded materials and beam structural models are carried out in detail and the results are displayed in several figures and tables which is a significant source of information for the authors working in this area. Different parameters such as angular speed, radius of the hub, material properties, power law index parameter, boundary conditions and slenderness ratio are considered in the formulation. Finite Element Method where the element matrices are obtained from potential and kinetic energy expressions is applied as the solution procedure. The calculated results are demonstrated in various tables and figures where it is observed that there is a good agreement with literature.
COMPARISON OF SOME EFFECT SIZE MEASURES IN SIMPLE AND MULTIPLE LINEAR REGRESSION MODELS
Authors: YİĞİT Soner
Published: March 2021

It is very important that the results of the statistical analysis are understandable. Therefore, while reporting the results of statistical analysis, some effect size measures should be given along with the P-value. In this study, some effect size measure Eta-Squared, Epsilon Squared and Omega-Squared were compared in terms of their performance (bias) in simple and multiple linear regression models. Results of simulation runs showed that the Epsilon and Omega-Squared estimates were quite unbiased when compared to Eta-Squared. Thus, it could be concluded that reporting Epsilon or Omega Squared is more appropriate to evaluate the practical significance along with P-values in simple and multiple linear regression models.
Design and Deployment of an IoT-Based Air Quality Monitoring System
Authors:   the Department of Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering, College of Engineering Technology, Can Tho University, Can Tho, 900000, Vietnam, Truong Tuyen Phong , Nguyen Duy Thanh , Truong Phong Vu
Published: March 2021

Air quality is getting worse worldwide, especially in cities with high population density and many industrial parks. Raising community awareness and applying science and technology are effective ways to mitigate the negative impacts of industrialization and pollution on the natural environment as well as public health. This work presents the design and deployment of an IoT-based air quality monitoring system, named the Environmental Monitoring System (EnMoS). LoRa (Long-Range) wireless communication technology and innovation sensors being used aim to facilitate the development of data communication network over a large area, improving sensing reliability, extending battery life as well as reducing total system costs. The air quality factors such as particulate matter (PM2.5 and PM10), carbon dioxide (CO2), air temperature and humidity, after being read from the sensors were uploaded to a real-time database server for Air Quality Index (AQI) calculation. In addition, for indicating conveniently obtained AQI values a web page is also developed to provide an interactive map along with corresponding charts. A case study on an actual LoRa network consisting of three sensing nodes and a gateway were conducted for validating the feasibility of the system.
Impact of health education on preventive measures of Rabies among primary school teachers in Mandalay, Myanmar
Authors: Aung Ei Ei Phyo , Htun Nang Mie Mie , Soe Pa Pa
Published: March 2021

Background: Rabies is an exceptionally fatal zoonotic disease and major public health problem in developing countries. Health knowledge of preventive measures of rabies among primary school teachers is paramount to cultivate their students and create a secure and safe environment since primary school students are the most vulnerable group. The study aimed to assess the effect of health education on knowledge of preventive measures of rabies among primary school teachers.Methods: A pre and post-test intervention study was conducted among randomly selected 64 primary school teachers from 7 Townships in Mandalay from July to October, 2020. An educational intervention was conducted by contributing 4 sheets of pamphlets and appearing 5 minutes education video record and reassessment was done one month later.Results: The mean knowledge scores before and after intervention were 40.59±4.85 and 47.75±4.02 showing statistically significant improvement (p<0.001). Mean of the improvement percentage was 19.38±5.06. Out of 64 participants, 37.5% had good knowledge in pre-test which improved to 95.3% in post-test (p<0.05). Although, age, marital status, having children and having stray dogs near school compound were adjusted in multiple linear regression, there was no statistical significance association with improvement percentage.Conclusions: There is improvement of knowledge status, which is not influenced by sociodemographic factors, following educational intervention. This highlights the need of continuing medical education for preventive measures of rabies for both primary school teachers and primary school students.
Perceptions on adolescents’ friendly health services concepts and the use of health services by adolescents in Kavango region, Namibia
Authors: Amakali-Nauiseb Taimi , Kloppers Joan M.
Published: March 2021

Background: The objective of this study was to determine the perceptions on adolescents’ friendly health services concepts and the use of health services by adolescents in Kavango region, Namibia.Methods: A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted using mixed methods - quantitative and qualitative approaches among 350 school learners and 150 school drop-out adolescents. In total a sample of 540 was utilized. The stratified random sampling techniques were used in the selections of the circuit and the schools. Structured questionnaires were used in face-to-face interviews, and in depth interviews were conducted among the key informants (25 teachers) and as well with 15 school learners.Results: Illustrated the following: there was a statistically highly significant association between adequate confidentiality, last visit at the health facility and both sexually transmitted infections and visited health facility (p=0.004 respectively). A statistically significant association was found between all visits to health facilities, pamphlets and talks on contraceptives; visit to health facilities, comfortable and contraceptives talks (p=0.001 respectively). Additionally, there was a statistically significant association respectively between both contraceptives used and number of times services sought and between services, pamphlets and contraceptives with a (p 0.010<0.05).Conclusions: The youth need health services that are sensitive to their unique stage of biological, cognitive, and psychosocial transition into adulthood. Health services that are more accessible and acceptable to adolescents and made more youth-friendly.
Correlation of diabetes with mycotic infections: a pilot study
Authors: Munjal Manish , Mittal Naveen , Bansal Ekta , Munjal Shubham , Mehta Devambika , Arora Anurima , Garg Ayushi
Published: March 2021

Background: The immuno-compromised individuals have a high Incidence of fungal infections of the nose and the paranasal sinuses. There is a variation in the fungal species that manifest in different subset of individuals. The species and the susceptible individuals were studied in the Punjab population, to suggest measures to attain a better outcome.Methods: 50 subjects treated for paranasal fungal infection by rhinology division of the oto-rhino-laryngology services, Dayanand Medical College and hospital, Ludhiana, were analysed. The prospective study was carried out in a period of one and a half year (June 2009 to December 2010).Results: Mycotic infections was predominantly noted in the age group  51-60 years  i.e. in 14 patients (28%) followed by 41-50 years, 13 cases (26%). There were 29 (58%) of males and 21 (42%) females with a male:female ratio of 1.4:1. Amongst 50 patients with mycotic infection, 19 (38%) were diabetic. All 15 (100%) patients with zygomycosis had underlying diabetes while only 4 (21%) with aspergillosis were diabetic.Conclusions: Zygomycosis occurs usually in diabetics, while in aspergillosis the underlying morbidity may or may not be diabetes. Timely medical treatment is essential to check diabetes and species identification to select the appropriate antifungal medication.
A retrospective study on the seasonal occurrence of Japanese Encephalitis cases in Uttar Pradesh
Authors: Chaubey Jaideep K. , Srivastava Vinod K. , Kumar Virendra , Neyaz Arslan
Published: March 2021

Background: Japanese encephalitis (JE) is a dreaded mosquito-borne viral disease, especially in Asian, Western Pacific, and Northern Australia region and a major public health problem in India. In India, State of Uttar Pradesh contributed a large portion of JE cases to the country. Because of its high morbidity and mortality, JE is of particular interest. With the help of specific intervention, we can prevent the morbidity and mortality of JE cases. The objective of the study was to know the seasonal occurrence of JE cases in Uttar Pradesh.Methods: This was a retrospective study based on secondary data, shared by Communicable Disease wing of Swasthya Bhawan, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh (U.P) for the analysis. We used data for the study during the past 7 years (2010–2016). Analysis has been done using Microsoft Excel.Results: In Uttar Pradesh, there were 1322 cases of JE during the year 2010-2016. Peak incidence of JE cases were seen in months of September. An overall decreasing trend with some fluctuation was seen in the occurrence of cases from 2010 to 2016. It was also observed that maximum cases were occurred in monsoon season. Majority of the cases were seen in Gorakhpur district which is located in eastern part of Uttar Pradesh.Conclusions: Majority of the cases of JE were seen in rainy months. Gorakhpur district of Uttar Pradesh has the highest load of JE cases. IEC activities should be carried out to disseminate the information regarding JE among the people for prevention.
Awareness and utilization of various schemes launched by government of India for the welfare of senior citizens
Authors: Devi Thingnam Subadani , Kaur Ravinder , Thakran Anjali , Gudwalia Bharti , Kumari Manisha , Gurjar Ishwar Singh , Kaur Sukhpal , Singh Amarjeet , Nagi Manisha
Published: March 2021

Background: Government of India has provided various welfare services to support the elderly population, but awareness and utilization of these services is questionable. Objectives of the study were to assess the awareness and the extent of utilization of various schemes by the senior citizens.Methods: Using systematic random sampling technique, 420 senior citizens visiting out patient department of a tertiary care centre were enrolled in the study. Information was obtained regarding the sociodemographic profile and the awareness and utilization of various welfare services by the participants. Four adjoining states (Punjab, Haryana, Chandigarh and Himachal Pradesh) were purposely included in the study.Results: The mean age of the participants was 67.84±5.91. Maximum awareness was observed for old age pension scheme in all the four states. A gap was observed in the awareness and utilization of various senior citizens schemes. There was significant difference in awareness and utilization of most of the schemes amongst all the four states.Conclusions: There is a need to generate awareness regarding various schemes for the senior citizens among the general public of India in the Northern Region as a lot of gap was observed in the awareness and utilization of these services.
Knowledge attitude and practices regarding mask usage during COVID-19 pandemic in general population of India: a qualitative study
Authors: Sayare Bhawna , Bhardwaj Vinay K. , Fotedar Shailee , Vashisth Shelja , Thakur Arun S. , Rawat Saurabh K. , Gurung Deepak
Published: March 2021

Background: Facemasks are recommended to control the COVID-19 pandemic transmission. This study was conducted with a purpose to investigate the knowledge, attitude and practices among general population regarding the usage of facemask during COVID-19 pandemic to limit the spread of the corona virus disease.Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted through Google forms. Questionnaire consisted of 7, 3 and 5 questions on knowledge, attitude and practices respectively. Questionnaire was shared on social media. Score of 1 was assigned to correct response and score of 0 for incorrect response, thus making a maximum score of 7 for a subject. Accordingly, score was <3 depicts individual had poor knowledge. 3-5 and >5 had good and excellent knowledge respectively.Results: Out of total 500 participants, we had 242 (48.4%) males and 258 (51.6%) females. The age of participants ranged from 20 to 60 years. Majority of participants (25.2%) were from Kerala State. Almost 97.6% reported that it was necessary to wear mask in current situation. The overall mean knowledge score was 5. The mean knowledge score was higher among females (5.07%) as compared to males (4.93%) and the difference was statistically significant. When they were asked if they know the correct steps of wearing a mask, almost 82.5% reported “yes” but while asking for coverage of mask on face only 75% were aware of it correctly.Conclusions: The overall knowledge of our study population was good. The knowledge was excellent for the age group of 20–30 and post-graduates.
A study on assessment of unmet need and contraceptives practices adopted among currently married females residing at urban slums of Ahmedabad
Authors: Geriya Disha R. , Shah Venu R. , Dave Viral R. , Sonaliya Kantibhai N.
Published: March 2021

Background: India is a country where population is rapidly growing, to slow down this growth rate family planning is necessary. Family planning services have the potential to improve the quality of the lives and economic welfare of people. Aim of the study was to assess prevalence of unmet need, knowledge, attitude regarding family planning methods and contraceptive practices, among study participants.Methods: A cross- sectional study was carried out among females of early reproductive age group 18-25 years, Group-1 and late reproductive age group 35-49 years, Group-2Results: Out of 200 women, majority respondents belonged to age group of 22-25 years (44.5%). Females of both age-groups had almost similar (54% and 53%) knowledge “partially correct” type for objectives of family planning and had similar positive attitude (78% and 85%) towards family planning practices. Total 45% of group 1 and 55% of other group females were currently using contraception. Most common method used by group 1 women was Intra Uterine Devices (35.5%), followed by Oral Contraceptive pills (31.2%) and in group 2 women was permanent sterilization (74.5%) followed by barrier and Intra Uterine Devices (9.1% each). Unmet need of family planning was 29% and 18% among early and late reproductive age groups, respectively.Conclusions: Unmet need of family planning was higher among early age group females. In both age groups, utilization of contraceptives were less because of lack of awareness and fear of side effect.
Reproductive tract infection among the women of high-altitude areas of Lahaul and Spiti District of Himachal Pradesh, India
Authors: Saha Kalyan B. , Sharma Ravendra K. , Parihar Bandhu , Devi Bimla , Verma Arvind , Shrivastava Suyesh
Published: March 2021

Background: Reproductive tract infection (RTI) is a serious public health problem particularly among the women in reproductive age group. Tribal women particularly living in high altitude cold areas are more vulnerable to these infections as availability of water for domestic purpose is scarce hence affects personal hygiene.Methods: A door to door survey was conducted by canvassing a pre-designed interview schedule for capturing the reported symptoms of RTI among 494 women in the age group 15-49 years in Lahaul and Spiti district of Himachal Pradesh.Results: Around 26% of the respondents reported one or the other symptoms of RTI experienced by them during three months preceding the survey. The reported symptoms were mostly related to discharge.Conclusions: The study is carried out among women of high-altitude tribal areas of Lahaul and Spiti district of Himachal Pradesh, where such data/information is not available. Maintenance of personal hygiene is poor, more than one-fourth women had one or the other symptoms of RTI. Lower economic status and personal hygiene practices are strongly associated with RTI. The findings of the study will draw attention of Scientists, Program managers to address the issues for qualitative improvement of female population of the area. Need to sensitise the masses on the issues of RTI and strengthen its outreach health services in the district.
Electrocardiographic features in males: a cross sectional study in Prayagraj District, Uttar Pradesh
Authors: Singh Lal Divakar , Singh Neetu
Published: March 2021

Background: The electrocardiogram (ECG) is the graphical display of the various electrical changes of the heart. It plays an important role in the diagnosis of various heart diseases. It is one of the methods of assessing the effects of hypertension on one of its target organ heart. It remains one of the most sensitive methods for establishing left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) and is often abnormal even when there is no left ventricular heave and chest x-ray shows no classical or obvious left ventricular enlargement. The study was done with objective to asses the Electrocardiographic features of male which were ≥ 30 years in Urban and Rural Prayagraj.Methods: A community based cross-sectional study was carried out in Prayagraj District. Study participants were 620 males, 310 urban and 310 rural of age equal or above 30 years and study sampling technique were two stage random sampling. The data was collected by using predesigned, pretested, semi structured questionnaire and analyzed by using SPSS 23.0 version.Results: LVH is a marker of severity of hypertension. It is an important cardiac risk factor and it has a substantial clinical significance on the course of cardiovascular events in terms of morbidity and mortality.Conclusions: Left ventricular hypertrophy, a cardinal manifestation of hypertensive cardiac damage.
Impact of residents’ involvement in urological surgeries: a systematic review
Authors: Basaif Wedyan Salem , Almukhlifi Faisal Abdulaziz , Alsubaie Abdulhadi Turki , Alzarqa Ali Mohammed , Alsaedi Ahmed Abdulsalam , Binyousef Bader Hamdi , Alotaibi Awnallah Saud , Mobaraki Ahmed Awad , Alghamdi Abdulrahman Mohammed , Aboukhshaba Ahmad , Mahjari Tamer Mohammed , Qutub Jehad Nabeel
Published: March 2021

Many investigations have reported the impact of resident involvement in urological surgeries. We aimed to conduct this systematic review to create enough evidence regarding this impact based on the outcomes obtained from the relevant studies. We have performed both manual and electronic search through many databases like Google Scholar, Web of science, PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane library, the international standard randomised controlled trial number registry, and the world health organization virtual health library to obtain all the relevant citations. Our intended outcomes included the risk of developing complications, operative time, and rate of reoperations. We have included 17 studies that reported the impact of residents’ involvement in urological surgical operations. while some studies reported some complications, the risk of developing complications was not significantly associated with residents' involvement according to most studies. Only one study reported that complications were significantly associated with residents’ involvement. The rate of reoperation and readmission after the primary surgery was also non-significant. On the other hand, most of the included studies showed that residents’ involvement was significantly associated with increased hospital stay and prolonged operative time. Our results indicate the residents’ involvement does not impact the overall safety of the urological procedures and that this practice should be encouraged with adequate supervision.
Breast abscess due to Salmonella species: a brief review of epidemiology, clinical manifestations, serological correlation and management
Authors: Patel Kinjal P. , Darne Rutuja , Poojary Reshma , Kinjale Virendra
Published: March 2021

Breast abscess due to Salmonella is an uncommon but well recognized extra-intestinal complication of enteric fever. Salmonella species is commonly identified as a gastrointestinal pathogen causing bacteremia but inappropriately treated cases can led to dissemination in multiple organ systems resulting in localized abscess formation. Case reports have been described in literature about extra-intestinal abscesses by both S. enterica serotype typhi and paratyphi. Whilst recently, there has been an upsurge in the frequency of case reports related to Salmonella breast abscess, reason may be due to emergence of resistant Salmonella strains. Usually uncomplicated abscesses show effective clearance with single course of oral antibiotic agents together with surgery. Reviews have recommended azithromycin as a drug of choice especially in the presence of fluoroquinolones resistance. So, acknowledging prevalence of breast abscess due to salmonella is utmost important.
Effect of GSH and niacin combination on protein oxidation, ER stress, glycation and aggregation in HLE cells under high glucose condition
Authors:   Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Brawijaya University, Saiful Anwar Hospital Malang, Malang 65145, Indonesia, Handayani Nina , Sujuti Hidayat ,   Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Brawijaya University, Malang 65145, Indonesia, Rudijanto Achmad ,   Division of Endocrinology and Metabolic Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Brawijaya University, Saiful Anwar Hospital Malang, Malang 65145, Indonesia
Published: March 2021

AIM: To evaluate the effects of reduced glutathione (GSH) and niacin combination on protein oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, glycation, and aggregation of the αβ crystalline in human lens epithelial (HLE) cells treated with high glucose levels.
METHODS: HLE cells were cultured and exposed to 25 mmol/L glucose to promote high glucose conditions. Groups of cells were co-treated with three different combinations of dosages: 10 μmol/L GSH+25 μmol/L niacin (P1), 30 μmol/L GSH+25 μmol/L niacin (P2), and 100 μmol/L GSH+25 μmol/L niacin (P3). After 72h incubation, protein carbonyl content (PCC) and glucose reactive protein (GRP78) content were assessed using ELISA examinations. After two-week incubation, advanced glycation end products (AGEs) were also assessed and the expression of αβ crystalline was measured using Western blot examination.
RESULTS: PCC and GRP78 levels in the co-treated groups were not significantly reduced compared to control (P>0.05). In contrast, there was a significant decrease of the AGEs levels in all groups co-treated with GSH and niacin when compared with the control group (P<0.05). In addition, the αβ crystalline expression increased after high dose glucose administration, but decreased in all groups co-treated with GSH and combinations of GSH and niacin.
CONCLUSION: Combinations of GSH and niacin inhibit the aggregation of proteins and prevent glycation in hyperglycemic HLE cells. This study shows that this combination may play an active role in preventing diabetic cataract mainly from the AGEs pathway.
Indicators and Representation Tools to Measure the Technical-Economic Feasibility of a Renewable Energy Community. The Case Study of Villar Pellice (Italy)
Authors: Mutani Guglielmina , Santantonio Silvia , Beltramino Simone
Published: March 2021

Energy Communities (EC) are intended as legal entities that can ensure environmental, economic, and social benefits for energy exchanges between its members. The Italian legislation has recently introduced incentives to Renewable Energy Communities (REC). This work analyses the case study of the REC in Villar Pellice (Turin) and defines a methodology to assess its technical-economic feasibility. The hourly energy consumption and the local renewable energy production are assessed through a place-based methodology, considering different category of end users (municipalities, residential dwelling, companies), and obtaining data from available online database. The REC energy performance is assessed through the self-consumption and the self-sufficiency indexes. Besides, cost-optimal analysis evaluates its economic feasibility, considering investment costs and economic incentives. Several interventions are hypothesized to compare possible REC scenarios (e.g., photovoltaic panels and storage systems installation, energy efficiency measures for public lighting, and different configurations of end users). Results show that REC allows to aggregate stakeholders, ensuring economic advantages and environmental benefits. The methodology applied in this work can support the design phase of the RECs. Its flexibility makes it adaptable to different territorial and regulatory contexts, in evaluating the optimal REC configuration to maximize revenues from the incentive and reach the highest level of energy independence.
Probing Consumer Awareness & Barriers Towards Consumer Social Responsibility: A Novel Sustainable Development Approach
Authors: Soni Mamta , Dawar Sunny , Soni Amit
Published: March 2021

Global scenario has revealed paucity of consumers’ awareness towards their social responsibilities which is certainly crucial to step forward on path of sustainable development. Regulating corporates practices has practically struggled for resource wastage reduction, dipping environmental harm, and improving societal welfare. Only corporates efforts are insufficient for desired improvement of societal & environmental health and demand consumers understanding their responsible actions towards society & environment. Centre of attention is to identify relationship between Consumer Social Responsibility (CnSR) and Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR). This relationship is endeavored by means of relationship matrix in which four unique developments are considered and accordingly solutions are suggested. Existence of barriers hindering consumers green decisions have been observed and addressed for better understanding. A total of 600 structured questionnaires were distributed, of which 457 returned and included incomplete contents also. Analysis is finally executed using 429 complete responses. Results are utilized to overcome barriers and improvise the consumers’ awareness towards various antecedents of CnSR for required sustainable consumption. Consumers’ requires support towards sustainable choices and as their awareness level will increase, they will start understanding the implications of their consumption choices leading to long-term sustainable practices.
Interpretive Structural Analysis of Interrelationships of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in Iran
Authors: Fartash Kiarash , Khayatian Mohammadsadegh , Ghorbani Amir , Sadabadi Aliasghar
Published: March 2021

Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) provide an ambitious agenda to end poverty and its dimensions and a sustainable, prosperous, and fair future. The aim of our paper is to assess the significance of SDGs from the perspective of Iran. To this end, the method of ISM has been used to express the interrelationships between SDGs. Besides, MICMAC method was utilized to assess dependence and driving power of every SDG. By data analyzing, SDGs were classified into six different levels and were modeled according to the interrelationships between them. Variables then were divided into three groups of dependent, independent/driving, communication, and autonomous variables, and no variable was included in the group of linkage variables. The findings show that SDGs12 and SDGs4 are the most fundamental goals of sustainable development, considering the needs, development stages, capacities of Iran. Achieving them is the basis for achieving other goals.
Locating and Sizing of Distributed Generation Sources and Parallel Capacitors Using Multiple Objective Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm
Authors: Kamarposhti Mehrdad Ahmadi , Lorenzini Giulio , Solyman Ahmed Amin Ahmed
Published: March 2021

In this paper, the MOPSO algorithm has been used to locate and determine the capacity of distributed generation sources and capacitor banks in the distribution system. The intended objective function is a combination of different objective functions. The first goal is to reduce losses, and the second goal is to improve the voltage profile and the third goal is to reduce costs, which has been used by placing weight coefficients in the form of an objective function in the algorithms. For this purpose, the standard 33-bus system has been used to conduct studies. Studies have been repeated in three scenarios. In the first scenario, the locating and determination of the capacity of active and reactive resources has been accomplished with the approach of reducing losses and improving the voltage profile. However, in the second scenario, the locating and determining the capacity of these resources has been accomplished with loss and cost reduction approach and it was considered as constraint in voltage profile. In the third scenario, the simultaneous reduction of all three objective functions has been performed simultaneously. To validate the results obtained by the MOPSO algorithm, its results were compared with genetic and particle swarm algorithms. The results indicate better and more accurate performance of MOPSO algorithm in minimizing objective functions relative to other two algorithms.
Effect of Heat Transfer on the Growing Bubble with the Nanoparticles/Water Nanofluids in Turbulent Flow
Authors: Abu-Nab Ahmed K. , Abu-Bakr Ali F.
Published: March 2021

This paper is devoted to study the effect of heat transfer on the temperature distribution in a superheated liquid during the growth of vapour bubbles immersed in different types of nanoparticles/water nanofluids between two-phase turbulent flow. The mathematical model is formulated and solved analytically depending on Scriven's theory and using the modification of the method of the similarity parameters between two finite boundaries. The characteristics of vapour bubble growth and temperature distribution are obtained by using the thermo-physical properties of nanoparticles nanofluids. The results indicate that the nanoparticle volume concentration reduces the bubble growth process under the effect of heat transfer. The better agreements are achieved, for bubble dynamics in turbulent nanofluid using the appropriate numerical and theoretical data for the values of concentration rate of nanoparticles χ=0,0.2,0.4. The temperature distribution surrounding the regime of bubble growth in pure water is more intensive than in other cases of Al2O3/H2O, Fe3O4/H2O and CuO/H2O nanofluids in turbulent flow. A Comparison of the current solution with previous works is carried out and discussed.
Mathematical Model of Tubular Linear Induction Motor
Authors: Okhrimenko Viacheslav , Zbіtnieva Maiia
Published: March 2021

Problem of calculation of distribution of magnetic field induction in clearance of tubular linear induction motor (TLIM) is considered. Mathematical model is represented by Fredholm integral equations of second kind for complexes of electric field strength and density of coupled magnetization currents at interface of environments. Algorithm of calculation of distribution of magnetic field induction in TLIM clearance has been developed. Dependence of magnetic field induction in motor clearance on value of pole division is investigated. There is area of optimum pole pitch. Reliability of results of calculations on mathematical model is confirmed by their comparison with results obtained on physical model. Calculated dependence of induction on thickness of runner's iron circuit also has extreme character. Given model can be used at design stage of TLIM. Model allows calculating its optimal geometric dimensions based on criterion of maximum induction in motor clearance, taking into account physical properties of applied materials.