bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Development of Formulae to Determine Living Stature using Handprint Anthropometry of Tagalog People in the Philippines
Authors: Tharmar Nataraja Moorthy  , Ivan Nikkimor Lao Dinglasa  , Myrtati Dyah Artaria
Published: December 2023

Highlights:
1. This is the first-ever anthropological study on Tagalog people in the Philippines that has established formulae for determining stature using handprint length measurements.2. This study has generated formulae that are applicable for personal identification purposes within real crime scenes.
 
Abstract
Forensic science plays a crucial role in the pursuit of justice, particularly through the identification of physical evidence found at crime scenes, such as human fingerprints and handprints. This study aimed to develop formulae for determining living stature using the handprint anthropometry of Tagalog people, an indigenous ethnic group in the Philippines. A total of 360 Tagalog volunteers, comprising 180 men and 180 women, were recruited. This study excluded subjects who had finger and hand-related diseases, injuries, or were under the age of 18. The materials used were a stadiometer for height measurement, a digital vernier caliper for handprint measurements, and a handprint kit to collect handprints. Five length measurements were collected for each handprint. The length measurement spanned the distance from the middle wrist crease to the tips of each of the five fingers. The data were analyzed statistically using regression analysis (p<0.05) in IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, version 26.0 (IBM Corp., Armonk, N.Y., USA). The analysis results produced equations for determining stature using all the length measurements of the handprints. The study involved the calculation of correlation coefficients (r values) and standard deviations using the stature and handprint lengths of individuals of both genders. The results are presented in the form of tables and figures. The study concluded with the development of regression equations that may be utilized for determining stature based on various handprint length measurements of the Tagalog people. This study represents the first-ever anthropological study conducted on the Philippine Tagalog population within the scope of this research subject matter. The formulae can be applied to actual crime scenes for the purpose of personal identification.
Earlier Return to Sports, Reduced Donor-Site Morbidity with Doubled Peroneus Longus Versus Quadrupled Hamstring Tendon Autograft in ACL Reconstruction
Authors: Saeed Usama Bin , Ramzan Asad , Anwar Marryam , Tariq Hamza , Tariq Huzaifa , Yasin Ajmal , Mehmood Tariq
Published: December 2023

Background:

Graft choice for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) has been evolving. The peroneus longus tendon (PLT) has been seen as a suitable choice for ACLR, providing comparable results to those of hamstring tendon (HT) autograft, but its clinical relevance in terms of return to sports, to our knowledge, has not been studied.

Methods:

Two hundred and thirty-two patients who sustained an isolated ACL injury were enrolled and underwent ACLR using doubled PLT autograft or quadrupled HT autograft; 158 were followed for 24 months. Functional scores (International Knee Documentation Committee [IKDC] and Tegner-Lysholm scores) were assessed preoperatively and at 3,6, 12, and 24 months postoperatively. Graft diameter and graft harvesting time were measured intraoperatively. Donor-site morbidity was evaluated using subjective evaluation. Time to return to sports in both groups was compared.

Results:

The mean diameter of PLT autograft was significantly larger than that of HT autograft, and the mean graft-harvesting time was less (p < 0.001). Patients in the PLT group returned to sports a mean of 34 days earlier than those in the HT group (p < 0.001) and had a lower rate of donor-site morbidity and, at 6 months, better patient-reported outcomes at the knee (p < 0.001). There were no significant differences between the groups in the rate of graft rupture or in IKDC and Tegner-Lysholm scores at the 24-month follow-up.

Conclusions:

PLT is a suitable autograft for ACLR in terms of graft diameter and graft-harvesting time and may offer athletes an earlier return to sports related to better outcomes at 6 months of follow-up. HT autograft was associated with increased thigh weakness. Both grafts, however, performed similarly at 24 months postoperatively.

Level of Evidence:

Therapeutic Level II. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Assessment of Residual Pain and Dissatisfaction in Total Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Musbahi Omar , Collins Jamie E. , Yang Heidi , Selzer Faith , Chen Antonia F. , Lange Jeffrey , Losina Elena , Katz Jeffrey N.
Published: December 2023

Background:

Residual pain after total knee arthroplasty (TKA) refers to knee pain after 3 to 6 months postoperatively. The estimates of the proportion of patients who experience residual pain after TKA vary widely. We hypothesized that the variation may stem from the range of methods used to assess residual pain. We analyzed data from 2 prospective studies to assess the proportion of subjects with residual pain as defined by several commonly used metrics and to examine the association of residual pain defined by each metric with participant dissatisfaction.

Methods:

We combined participant data from 2 prospective studies of TKA outcomes from subjects recruited between 2011 and 2014. Residual pain was defined using a range of metrics based on the WOMAC (Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index) pain score (0 to 100, in which 100 indicates worst), including the minimal clinically important difference (MCID) and patient acceptable symptom state (PASS). We also examined combinations of MCID and PASS cutoffs. Subjects self-reported dissatisfaction following TKA, and we defined dissatisfied as somewhat or very dissatisfied at 12 months. We calculated the proportion of participants with residual pain, as defined by each metric, who reported dissatisfaction. We examined the association of each metric with dissatisfaction by calculating the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and Youden index.

Results:

We analyzed data from 417 subjects with a mean age (and standard deviation) of 66.3 ± 8.3 years. Twenty-six participants (6.2%) were dissatisfied. The proportion of participants defined as having residual pain according to the various metrics ranged from 5.5% to >50%. The composite metric Improvement in WOMAC pain score ≥20 points or final WOMAC pain score ≤25 had the highest positive predictive value for identifying dissatisfied subjects (0.54 [95% confidence interval, 0.35 to 0.71]). No metric had a Youden index of ≥50%.

Conclusions:

Different metrics provided a wide range of estimates of residual pain following TKA. No estimate was both sensitive and specific for dissatisfaction in patients who underwent TKA, underscoring that measures of residual pain should be defined explicitly in reports of TKA outcomes.

Level of Evidence:

Therapeutic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Policy Formulation of Fraud Offenses in the New Penal Code Concept for Combating Technology-Related Crimes
Authors: Wahid Abdul
Published: December 2023

This study critically analyzes the formulation of criminal offenses related to fraud in the revised Penal Code (KUHP) within the context of contemporary technological advancements. Employing a normative legal research method, the investigation draws on relevant legal literature, legislation, and scholarly publications. The findings reveal inadequacies in the current legal provisions, particularly in addressing cyber fraud facilitated by information technology. The newly introduced Article 492 of the revised KUHP remains rooted in conventional fraud models, lacking the capacity to accommodate digital modus operandi and failing to encompass diverse identity theft techniques and system vulnerabilities. The absence of specific regulations pertaining to electronic transactions, computer networks, and digital systems further underscores the limitations. While the revised KUHP exhibits positive enhancements, urgent revisions are warranted to incorporate comprehensive elements, impose stricter penalties, and reinforce global cooperation in combating cybercrime. The overarching goal is to ensure that criminal provisions remain adaptive and responsive to the dynamic landscape of technology-driven offenses in the future.
Highlights:

The revised Penal Code inadequately addresses digital fraud, necessitating a comprehensive update to encompass evolving technological modus operandi.

Existing legal provisions lack specificity concerning electronic transactions, computer networks, and digital systems, revealing a crucial gap in addressing contemporary cyber threats.

Urgent revisions are imperative to fortify criminal statutes, impose stricter penalties, and enhance international collaboration, ensuring a responsive legal framework for combating future technology-based crimes.

Keywords: Technological Fraud, Penal Code Revision, Cybercrime Legislation, Legal Adaptation, Global Cooperation
Combating colonial mentality within higher learning spaces: The case of sub-Saharan African universities
Authors: Balogun Babalola Joseph , Woldegiorgis Emnet Tadesse
Published: December 2023

As former colonies of Western imperial powers, virtually all aspects of African life have been invaded by forces of Western hegemony. Colonial mentality is the blind assimilation or internalisation of the colonial powers’ socio-cultural forms resulting in the destructive and disruptive abandonment of the ways of life of the colonies. As it applies to Africa, colonial mentality is a product of African cultural invasion in which, having been exposed to colonial experience for a long time, an average African has internalised foreign ideas and ideals—so much so that she has lost the authentic African ways of life in the process. Using philosophical methods of argumentation and critical engagements, this paper contends that a connection exists between colonial mentality and the observed failure of African universities to efficiently effectuate their relevance as Africa’s development partners. The paper identifies four key areas in which colonial mentality plays out most profoundly in African universities, namely, the nature of knowledge produced, the mode of certification, the language of instruction, and research funding. The paper argues that the incursion of colonial mentality in these vital areas continues to impede African universities’ capacity to substantively contribute to African development drives and aspirations. Given this close nexus, the paper maintains that African universities may never realise their potential as a critical sector in African development discourse. This qualitative research is based on critical inquiry through a process of identifying, questioning and assessing deeply held assumptions about Western hegemony. The paper concludes that decolonisation in learning spaces can only be a feasible project if it is accorded the seriousness that it deserves by all stakeholders both within and outside the university.
p14ARF forms meso-scale assemblies upon phase separation with NPM1
Authors: Kriwacki Richard , Gibbs Eric , Miao Qi , Ferrolino Mylene , Bajpai Richa , Hassan Aila , Phillips Aaron , Pitre Aaron , Kümmerle Rainer , Pruett-Miller Shondra , Heller William , Stanley Christopher , Perrone Barbara
Published: December 2023

NPM1 is an abundant nucleolar chaperone that, in addition to facilitating ribosome biogenesis, contributes to nucleolar stress responses and tumor suppression through its regulation of the p14 Alternative Reading Frame tumor suppressor protein (p14ARF). Oncogenic stress induces p14ARF to inhibit MDM2, stabilize p53 and arrest the cell cycle. Under non-stress conditions, NPM1 stabilizes p14ARF in nucleoli, preventing its degradation and blocking p53 activation. However, the mechanisms underlying the regulation of p14ARF by NPM1 are unclear because the structural features of the p14ARF-NPM1 complex remain elusive. Here we show that NPM1 sequesters p14ARF within phase-separated condensates, facilitating the assembly of p14ARF into a gel-like meso-scale network. This assembly is mediated by intermolecular contacts formed by hydrophobic residues in an α-helix and β-strands within a partially folded N-terminal domain of p14ARF. Those hydrophobic interactions promote phase separation with NPM1, enhance nucleolar partitioning of p14ARF, restrict p14ARF and NPM1 diffusion within condensates and in nucleoli, and reduce cell viability. Our structural model provides novel insights into the multifaceted chaperone function of NPM1 in nucleoli by mechanistically linking the nucleolar localization of p14ARF to its partial folding and meso-scale assembly upon phase separation with NPM1.
5G-enabled, battery-less smart skins for self-monitoring megastructures and digital twin applications
Authors: Lynch Charles , Adeyeye Ajibayo , Abbara El Mehdi , Umar Ashraf , Alhendi Mohammed , Minnella Chris , Iannotti Joseph , Stoffel Nancy , Poliks Mark , Tentzeris Manos
Published: December 2023

With the current development of the 5G infrastructure, there presents a unique opportunity for the deployment of battery-less mmWave reflect-array-based sensors. These fully-passive devices benefit from having a larger detectability than alternative battery-less solutions to create self-monitoring megastructures. The presented ’smart’ skin sensor uses a Van-Atta array design enabling ubiquitous local strain monitoring for the structural health monitoring of composite materials featuring wide interrogation angles. Proof-of-concept prototypes of these ’smart’ skin millimeter-wave identification tags, that can be mounted on or embedded within common materials used in wind turbine blades, present a highly-detectable radar cross-section of -33.75dBsm and -35.00dBsm for mounted and embedded sensors respectively. Both sensors display a minimum resolution of 202µ-strain even at 40◦ off-axis enabling interrogation of the fully-passive sensor at oblique angles of incidence. When interrogated from a proof-of-concept reader, the fully-passive, sticker-like mmID enables local strain monitoring of both carbon fiber and glass fiber composite materials. The sensors display a repeatable and recoverable response over 0 to 3000µ-strain and a sensitivity of 7.55kHz/µ-strain and 7.92kHz/µ-strain for mounted and embedded sensors, respectively. Thus, the presented 5G-enabled battery-less sensor presents massive potential for the development of ubiquitous Digital Twinning of composite materials in future smart cities architectures.
Proteomic analysis of cerebrospinal fluid of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients in the presence of autologous bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells
Authors: Reis Ana Luiza Guimarães , Maximino Jessica Ruivo , Lage Luis Alberto de Padua Covas , Gomes Hélio Rodrigues , Pereira Juliana , Brofman Paulo Roberto Slud , Senegaglia Alexandra Cristina , Rebelatto Carmen Lúcia Kuniyoshi , Daga Debora Regina , Paiva Wellingson Silva , Palmisano Giuseppe , Chadi Gerson
Published: December 2023

Background
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal and fast progressive motoneuron degenerative disorder. There are still no drugs capable to slower disease evolution or to improve life quality of ALS patients. In that scenario, the cell therapy has emerged as an alternative to be investigated in clinical ALS.
Method
Taking the advantage of Proteomics and Protein-Protein Interaction Network analyses combined to bioinformatics, possible cellular mechanisms and molecular targets related to mesenchymal stem cells (MSC, 1x106 cells/kg, intrathecally in the lumbar region of the spine) were investigated in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of ALS patients who received intrathecal infusions of autologous bone marrow-derived MSC thirty days after cell therapy.
Results
Proteomics showed 220 deregulated proteins in CSF of ALS subjects. Bioinformatic enriched analyses evidenced APOA1, APOE, APP, C4A, C5, FGA, FGB, FGG and PLG, as highlighted targets as well as extracellular matrix and cell adhesion molecules as possible mechanisms related to the presence of MSC in CSF of ALS subjects.
Conclusions
We have demonstrated a possible role of extracellular matrix/cell adhesion molecules and their related highlighted targets to the presence of autologous MSC in CSF ALS patients.
Trial Registration:
Clinicaltrial.gov identifier NCT0291768. Registered 28 September 2016.
RECQ4-MUS81 interaction safeguards hard-to-replicate regions to prevent genome instability and Rothmund-Thomson syndrome
Authors: Krejci Lumir
Published: December 2023

Replication stress, resulting from hard-to-replicate regions, leads to the accumulation of replication intermediates that need to be processed to ensure successful chromosome segregation. Here we show that RECQ4 physically interacts with MUS81 to target it to DNA substrates and enhance its endonuclease activity. Loss of RECQ4 or its interaction with MUS81 results in chromosomal segregation defects, including the accumulation of micronuclei and anaphase bridges along with ultrafine bridges (UFBs). Our data further demonstrate that the RECQ4/MUS81 interaction plays a critical role in processing replication/recombination intermediates at telomeres, especially in ALT-positive cells where MUS81 foci primarily colocalise with telomeres. We also observed reminiscent phenotypes for Rothmund-Thomson syndrome-associated mutation producing a truncated version of RECQ4 that disrupts interaction with MUS81, suggesting the importance of this interaction and its function in the development of RTS. Our findings demonstrate the essential role of RECQ4/MUS81 interaction in alleviating replication stress build-up at hard-to-replicate regions and highlight the potential implications of this interaction in human disease.
Genome-wide identification of WRKY in cotton and the positive role of GhWRKY31 in response to salt and drought stress
Authors: Dong Tianyu , Li Haoyuan , Du Yajie , Wang Ying , Chen Peilei , Su Jiuchang , Ge Xiaoyang , Duan Hongying
Published: December 2023

The WRKY gene family is widely distributed in plants and is known to play essential roles in stress response. However, the underlying structure and evolution of WRKY in cotton remains elusive. Herein, 112, 119, 217, and 222 WRKY genes were identified in G. arboreum, G. raimondii, G. hirsutum, and G. barbadense, respectively. The 670 WRKYs were divided into seven subgroups and unevenly mapped to chromosomes. Analysis of motifs, domains, cis-acting elements, and gene structure collectively revealed the evolutionary conservation and diversity of WRKYs in cotton. Synteny and collinearity confirmed the expansion, duplication, and deletion of WRKYs during the evolution of cotton. Further, GhWRKY31 was induced by osmotic and salt stress. Ectopic expression of GhWRKY31 improved osmotic and salt tolerance in Arabidopsis, while silencing GhWRKY31 in cotton increased sensitivity to drought and salinity. This was observed through higher germination rates and root length in GhWRKY31 transgenic Arabidopsis, as well as lower levels of ABA, proline, POD, and SOD in GhWRKY31-VIGS cotton plants under stress. Additionally, silencing of GhWRKY31 reduced the expression levels of drought- and salt-related genes, including GhRD29, GhNAC4, GhABF1, GhABF2, GhDREB2, GhP5CS, and GhSOS1. Yeast one-hybrid and molecular docking experiments confirmed that the GhWRKY31 domain binds to the W box of GhABF1, GhDREB2, and GhRD29, and is connected by hydrogen bonds. Collectively, the results provide a systematic and comprehensive understanding of the evolution of cotton WRKYs, and suggest an appropriate regulatory network for breeding cotton varieties with improved drought and salinity tolerance.
Blockchain Solutions to Human Resources Critical Information Interaction under the Background of Data
Authors: Zhao Chen , Zheng YongQiang , Lin YiChen
Published: December 2023

As the economy and society develop, the exchange of key information in human resources (HR) is facing enormous development space and opportunities, and market competition is intensifying. Strengthening the development of human resources management (HRM) can greatly motivate job seekers, unleash their potential, and add value to HR. It plays a crucial role in improving the competitiveness of enterprises in the international market. The increasingly mature big data of blockchain provides new opportunities for the growth of the HR industry. Based on existing blockchain technology, this article analyzed the problems existing in the traditional HR industry, combined HR relationship information exchange with big data background innovation methods, and actively explored innovative methods of blockchain technology in the HR industry to achieve precise scientific services. In the strategic context of Internet +, enterprises and individuals have been deeply studied in terms of information resources and knowledge services to create a precise knowledge service model that meets the requirements of intrusion knowledge. After adding blockchain blockchain technology to experimental data, the average number of employees in the enterprise increased by 108%.
Resistance to protease inhibitors in human immunodeficiency virus infection in Ghana: a case for viral load and drug resistance monitoring
Authors: Seshie Makafui , Obeng Billal Musah , Boamah Vivian Etsiapa , Bayor Marcel , Bonney Evelyn Yayra , Gbedema Stephen Yao , Sagoe Kwamena William Coleman
Published: December 2023

Objective: Routine viral load and drug resistance testing are well supported in most resource-rich settings and provide valuable benefits in the clinical care of PLWH in these communities. Undoubtedly, there exist financial and political constraints for the scale-up of viral load and drug resistance testing in Sub-Saharan Africa. To achieve the global UNAIDS 95/95/95 targets, there is the need to bridge this inequity in patient care and allow for a universal approach that leaves no community behind.
Methods: Venous blood from 96 PLWH on second-line ART from Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital were collected and processed into plasma for CD4+ T- cell and viral load assessments. Ribonucleic acid (RNA) was extracted from stored plasma and the protease gene amplified, sequenced and analyzed for subtype and drug resistance mutations using the Stanford HIV drug resistance database.
Results: Out of the 96 PLWH, 37 experienced virological failure with 8 patients’ samples successfully sequenced. The predominant HIV-1 subtype identified was CRF02_AG (6/7, 86 %) and CFR06_cpx (1/7, 14%). The major PI resistance mutations identified were; M46I, I54V, V82A, I47V, I84V and L90M.
Conclusions: Persons living with HIV who had experienced virologic failure in this study harboured drug resistance mutations to PI, thus compromise the effectiveness of the drugs in the second line. Resistance testing is strongly recommended prior to switching to second-line therapy. This will help to inform the choice of drug and to achieve optimum therapeutic outcome among PLWH in Ghana.
SiO2 /WO3 /ZnO Based Self-cleaning Coatings for Solar Cells
Authors: Koysuren Ozcan , Dhoska Klodian , Koysuren Hafize Nagehan , Markja Irida , Yaglikci Savas , Tuncel Bilge , Bebi Elena
Published: December 2023

The accumulation of pollution and any kinds of contamination on the glass cover of the solar cell affects the efficiency of the photovoltaic (PV) systems. The contamination on the glass cover can absorb and reflect a certain part of the sunlight irradiation, which can decrease the intensity of the light coming in through the glass cover. With the study, it was planned to develop self-cleaning coatings for the PV systems. It was aimed to prevent or reduce the contamination-induced efficiency loss of the existing PV systems. In the scope of the project, SiO2/WO3 and SiO2/WO3/ZnO composites were coated from their solutions on the glass substrates using a dip-coating technique. WO3 was selected as a photocatalyst semiconductor. Under the UV light irradiation, WO3 could absorb the photons of the UV light, generating the photoinduced charge carriers. The photoexcited charge carriers provide both the photoinduced hydrophilicity on the surface of the coating and the photocatalytic degradation of the organic contaminants accumulated on the surface of the coating, which allows water droplets to spread and flow on the surface of the cover glass to remove the contaminations. However, the recombination rate of the photoexcited charge carriers on the WO3 film was high. In order to suppress the recombination of the photoinduced charge carriers, WO3 was coupled with SiO2 and ZnO. Both of these semiconductors improved the photocatalytic activity of the WO3 film. Although SiO2 has superior features in terms of the light transmission, it was not very effective under UV light as a photocatalyst alone. The widely preferred photocatalyst ZnO was added into the composite film structure to enhance the photocatalytic activity. The self-cleaning mechanism of the film coatings on a solar cell was investigated through the photocatalytic dye removal efficiency on the as-prepared film samples. There was a slight decrease in the light transparency and the solar cell efficiency because of the WO3 content of the composite film. On the other hand, coupling the SiO2/WO3 film with ZnO enhanced the photocatalytic activity, and it suppressed the reduction effect of the WO3 phase on both the light transparency and the solar cell efficiency. The photocatalytic dye removal efficiency was increased to over 90% after 240 min of UVA light irradiation. In addition, the solar cell coated with the SiO2/WO3/ZnO film provided almost the same solar cell efficiency as the uncoated solar cell. The water contact angle measurement also exhibited the photocatalytic degradation of the model contamination on the glass cover of the solar cell under the UVA light irradiation.
Electroactive Composite Biofilms Integrating Kombucha, Chlorella and Synthetic Proteinoid Proto–Brains
Authors: Nikolaidou Anna , Mougkogiannis Panagiotis , Adamatzky Andrew
Published: December 2023

In this study, we present electroactive biofilms made from a combination of Kombucha zoogleal mats andthermal proteinoids. These biofilms have potential applications in unconventional computing and roboticskin. Proteinoids are synthesised by thermally polymerizing amino acids, resulting in the formation ofsynthetic protocells that display electrical signalling similar to neurons. By incorporating proteinoids intoKombucha zoogleal cellulose mats, hydrogel biofilms can be created that have the ability to efficiently transfercharges, perform sensory transduction, and undergo processing. We conducted a study on the memfractanceand memristance behaviours of composite biofilms, showcasing their capacity to carry out unconventionalcomputing operations. The porous nanostructure and electroactivity of the biofilm create a biocompatibleinterface that can be used to record and stimulate neuronal networks. In addition to in vitro neuronal interfaces, these soft electroactive biofilms show potential as components for bioinspired robotics, smart wearables,unconventional computing devices, and adaptive biorobotic systems. Kombucha-proteinoids composite filmsare a highly customizable material that can be synthesised to suit specific needs. These films belong toa unique category of “living” materials, as they have the ability to support cellular systems and improvebioelectronic functionality. This makes them an exciting prospect in various applications. Ongoing effortsare currently being directed towards enhancing the compositional tuning of conductivity, signal processing,and integration within hybrid bioelectronic circuits.
Clinical Application of Oral Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound in Evaluating Preoperative T Staging of Gastric Cancer by Using AJCC 8th Staging Criteria
Authors: Liang Yu , Jing Wanyi , Song Jun , Wei Qiuxin , Cai Zhiqing , Li Juan , Wu Ping , Ma Yi
Published: December 2023

Objective:
To investigate the clinical application of Oral Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound (OCEUS) in evaluating preoperative T staging of Gastric Cancer (GC).
Methods:
OCEUS was performed before the operation and standard ultrasound images were retained. The depth of infiltration of GC (T-stage) was evaluated according to the AJCC 8th TNM staging criteria. Finally, with the postoperative pathological staging as the gold standard reference, the sensitivity, specificity, negative predictive value, positive predictive value, and diagnostic value of OCEUS T staging were evaluated.
Results:
The diagnostic accuracy of OCEUS was T1a: 76.6%, T1b: 69.6%, T2:62.7%, T3:60.8%, T4a: 88.0%, T4b: 88.7%, and the total accuracy was 75.5%. The PPV of OCEUS were T1a: 76.6%, T1b: 69.6%, T2:62.7%, T3:60.8%, T4a: 88.0%, T4b: 88.7%. The sensitivity of ultrasonic T staging was higher than 62% except for T1b, which was 40.3%. The specificity of all ultrasonic T staging was higher than 91% except T3, which was 83.5%. The specificity of all ultrasonic T staging was higher than 91%, and the Youden index was higher than 60% except for T1b and T2. In T4b-stage tumors, OCEUS T staging was in good agreement with pathological T staging (kappa value > 0.75), whereas in T1a, T1b, T2, T3, and T4a tumors, it is in moderate agreement with pathological T staging (kappa value 0.40~0.75). The coincidence rate of OCEUS T staging was higher than 84%.
Conclusion:
OCEUS was effective, reliable, and accurate in diagnosing preoperative T staging of GC. Being a non-invasive diagnostic technique, OCEUS is worthy of clinical popularization.
Ultrasound-guided percutaneous transhepatic one-step biliary fistulation combined with rigid choledochoscopy for recurrent hepatolithiasis
Authors: Pan Wu , Lu Yuhang , Li JunJie , Zhang Jia , Chen Shenglin
Published: December 2023

(1) Purpose: Percutaneous transhepatic one-step biliary fistulation (PTOBF) is used to treat choledocholithiasis and biliary stricture. This study aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of ultrasound-guided PTOBF combined with rigid choledochoscopy in the treatment of recurrent hepatolithiasis.
(2) Materials and Methods: The clinical data of 37 consecutive patients who underwent PTOBF combined with rigid choledochoscopy for RHL from March 2020 to March 2022 at our hospital were retrospectively analyzed.
(3) Results: A total of 68 percutaneous transhepatic punctures were performed in 37 patients, with a puncture success rate of 85.29% (58/68) and a dilatation success rate of 100.00% (58/58). The mean blood loss of operation was 9.84±18.10mL, the mean operation time was 82.05±31.92min, and the mean length of postoperative hospital stay was 5.59±3.26 days. The initial stone clearance rate was 40.54% (15/37) and the final stone clearance rate was 100% (37/37). The incidence of postoperative complications was 10.81% (4/37), including 2 cases of pleural effusion, 1 case of hemorrhage, and 1 case of cholangitis, which recovered after treatment. During a mean follow-up period of 23 months (range 12 to 36 months), only 1 patient experienced stone recurrence.
(4) Conclusion: Ultrasound-guided PTOBF combined with rigid choledochoscopy is safe, effective, and minimally invasive for the treatment of RHL, and has clinical application value.
Combined analysis of the 12.8 and 15 microns JWST/MIRI eclipse observations of TRAPPIST-1 b
Authors: Ducrot Elsa , Lagage Pierre-Olivier , Min Michiel , Gillon Michael , Bell Taylor , Tremblin Pascal , Greene Thomas , Dyrek Achrène , Waters Rens , Güdel Manuel , Henning Thomas , Vandenbussche Bart , Absil Olivier , Barrado David , Boccaletti Anthony , Coulais Alain , Decin Leen , Edwards Billy , Gastaud René , Bouwman Jeroen , Glasse Alistair , Kendrew Sarah , Olofsson Göran , Patapis Polychronis , Pye John , Rouan Daniel , Whiteford Niall , Argyriou Ioannis , Cossou Christophe , Glauser Adrian , Krause Oliver , Lahuis Fred , Royer Pierre , Scheithauer Silvia , Colina Luis , Dishoeck Ewine van , Östlin Göran , Ray Thomas , Wright Gillian
Published: December 2023

The first JWST/MIRI photometric observations of TRAPPIST-1 b allowed for the detection of the thermal emission of the planet at 15 μm, suggesting that the planet could be a bare rock with a zero albedo and no redistribution of heat. Here we present five new occultations of TRAPPIST-1 b observed with MIRI in an additional photometric band at 12.8 μm. We perform a joint fit of the 10 eclipses and derive a planet-to-star flux ratio of 452 ± 86 ppm and 775 ± 90 ppm at 12.8 μm and 15 μm, respectively. We test a large range of models and find that the data can be well fitted by either an airless planet model with an unweathered (fresh) ultramafic surface, that could be indicative of relatively recent geological processes, or, more surprisingly, by a thick pure CO2 atmosphere with photochemical hazes that create a temperature inversion and results in the CO2 feature being seen in emission. Our results highlight the challenges in accurately determining a planet’s atmospheric or surface nature solely from broadband filter measurements of its emission, but also point towards two very interesting scenarios that will be further investigated with the forthcoming phase curve of TRAPPIST-1 b.
Whether AI+CDK4/6i+HP is suitable treatment for three positive metastatic breast cancer patient with renal insufficiency caused by type 2 diabetes
Authors: Gang Li , Li Hanjie , Ge Peng , Yu Jiao
Published: December 2023

Background: Hormone-receptor positive (HR+)，ERBB2 gene mutation(HER2+)breast cancer is a very common type of breast cancer, but it is relatively rare for metastatic breast cancer (MBC) who are newly treated and have renal insufficiency. In previous studies, no long-term survival reports have been found for such patients. In order to clarify the above issues, we have innovatively developed a plan that focuses on molecular targeted therapy and endocrine therapy.We reported the results of a breast cancer patient with HR+and HER2+concurrent renal insufficiency. Although the patient did not have the opportunity to receive surgical treatment and chemotherapy, the results showed that the aromatase inhibitors(AI)+Cyclin D-cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 inhibitor(CDK4/6i)+trastuzumab & pertuzumab(HP) treatment was also an effective and feasible approach.
Patient and methods: The patient with HR+ HER2-positive MBC with activating HER2 mutation(s) received AI+CDK4/6i+HP(oral letrozole 2.5 mg/day,oral abemaciclib 150mg twice/day with mandatory loperamide prophylaxis for the first 2 cycles and as needed thereafter , and intravenous trastuzumab 8mg/kg initially then 6 mg/kg every 3 weeks plus pertuzumab 840mg initially then 420mg every 3 weeks ) therapy. Efficacy endpoints included progression-free survival (PFS) (RECIST v1.1). Secondary endpoints are treatment time, exploratory targets are tumor markers, and safety targets are changes of renal function. Plasma was collected during and at end of treatment. Extracted DNA was analyzed by next-generation sequencing.
Results: The duration of response time lasted for approximately 60 weeks. The treatment time was 81weeks.The PFS was 17.6 months. Responses were observed in patient within 6 weeks. Longitudinal ctDNA sequencing revealed acquisition of additional HER2 alterations, and mutations in genes including PIK3CA.Throughout the entire treatment cycle, the patient's renal function remained stable, with no significant fluctuations in creatinine, creatinine clearance rate, serum urea, and serum potassium.
Conclusions: AI+CDK4/6i+HP is a safe and effective treatment for patients with three positive metastatic breast cancer patients with renal insufficiency caused by type 2 diabetes. Throughout the entire treatment process, the patient's renal function remains stable.Further investigation is needed.
Evaluation of solubility and thermodynamic properties of synthetic nickel hydroxide carbonate
Authors: Gogol D. B. , Makasheva A. M. , Sadyrbekov D. T. , Dyussembayeva L. F. , Rozhkovoy I. E. , Ishmiev I. I. , Zemskiy O. I. , Aldabergenova S. K.
Published: December 2023

Knowledge of the values of the thermodynamic functions of natural minerals of transition elements has important applications in the study of the processes of their formation and geochemical migration with groundwater; when developing methods to prevent corrosion of non-ferrous alloys in fresh and sea water; when immobilizing heavy metals in mine drainage and industrial waters, etc. Also, these values are in demand when calculating reactions and developing methods for producing synthetic analogues of minerals, many of which exhibit magnetic, catalytic, photochemical and other properties. A sample of basic nickel carbonate with the theoretical formula Ni3[СO3](OH)4·3H2O was obtained using the hydrothermal synthesis method. The structure of the compound was verified by X-ray diffraction and infrared spectroscopy. Experiments were carried out on sample dissolution in order to measure the solubility constant (solubility product): logKSP = − 45.8 ± 1.8. Based on the data obtained, the thermodynamic parameters of the reaction of dissolution of the compound were determined and the main thermodynamic functions were determined: Gibbs free energy of formation ΔfG°=−1554 ± 6 kJ/mol; enthalpy of formation ΔfH°=−1798 ± 9 kJ/mol; standard entropy S°=260.6 ± 7.8 J/(mol·K).
Understanding the Influencing Factors and Evolving Trend of the Yellow River Water-Sediment Regulation System from a System Perspective
Authors: Cao Zhiwei , Zhang Yuansheng , Chen Huanfa , Li Chaoqun , Luo Yuan
Published: December 2023

Understanding the influencing factors and evolving trend of the Water-Sediment Regulation System (WSRS) is a fundamental scientific concern for safeguarding and managing the Yellow River. Prior research on the WSRS has been limited in its scope, as it has not employed a systematic analysis or considered the entire basin's engineering control system. This study takes a holistic approach, examining the sediment issue in the Yellow River as a dynamic and continuously evolving complex system. By integrating various theories such as system science, information theory, and dissipative structure, this study combines theoretical knowledge with practical sediment engineering control efforts. Research major finding: from 1990 to 2019, the average value of Sediment Regulation Index (SRI) was 55.99 points, the lowest was 50.26 points in 1990, and the highest was 61.48 points in 2019; the result indicate that the WSRS was less active, but the overall trend was oscillatory, and the overall trend moved gradually closer to the critical threshold of dissipative structure.
Bibliometric analysis on trends and future directions of research and development in seed orchards
Authors: Yardibi Fatma , Kang Kyu-Suk , Özbey Alper Ahmet , Bilir Nebi
Published: December 2023

Seed orchard is one of the most important seed sources to produce improved seed crop to future plantation practices, and to transmit the current gene diversity to future generations. Seed orchard is also one of the main sub-divisions in forest science. It has many steps from selection of superior trees to harvesting of seed crop by establishment and management. Trends and future direction of seed orchards are getting importance especially to establish resistance forests against various environmental conditions due to global climate change. This study was carried out to analysis current trends of research in seed orchards for future directions in the orchards. For the purposes, 1018 published papers, hit in database of “Web of Science” by “seed orchard” keyword, between 1980 and 2022 were analyzed bibliometrical based on the most prolific contributors, references, countries and keywords. The average of citations per publication was 13.05 by 48 H-Index of the publication set. The most prolific contributors with the strongest citation burst, centrality and numbers of published papers were from Canada, Sweden South Korea, Finland and Czechia, while Canada (186 articles) USA (140), and Sweden (115) together with China, Brazil and Germany were active countries especially by citations of recent years. “Key words” of the papers were mirrors of the researches. “Matting pattern” “Swedish forestry”, “fertility variation”, “Hymenoscyphus fraxineus”, “threatened pacific sandalwood”, “outbreeding depression”, “climate change”, “management” and “growth” together with others such as “genetic improvement” and “effective size” were active study areas and key words based on results of the analysis. They were also guides in literature search, and inventory and classification of early studies, and predictor for future studies. Results of the study were discussed based on trends and future directions of research and development in seed orchards.
LINC01836 Promotes Colorectal Cancer Progression and Functions as
ceRNA to Target SLC17A9 by Sponging miR-1226-3p
Authors: Xu Zhihua , Yu Yue , Ni Hao , Sun Wei , Kuang Yuting
Published: December 2023

Background:

Increasing evidence proves that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play a
key role in the occurrence and development of colorectal cancer. However, the function and
molecular mechanism of LINC01836 in CRC are still unknown.

Methods:

The differentially expressed lncRNAs in colorectal cancer were obtained from the RNA
sequencing data. The effects of LINC01836 on colorectal cancer cells were tested in in vitro
experiments. The mechanism of LINC01836 action was investigated through western blot, RNA
immunoprecipitation assay and luciferase reporter assay. Moreover, the xenograft mouse model
was conducted to examine the effects of LINC01836 in vivo.

Results:

In this study, we showed that LINC01836 was significantly elevated in colorectal cancer
tissues and cells. Elevated LINC01836 expression significantly correlated with larger tumor size,
positive lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis, advanced tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) stage,
and poor prognosis. Furthermore, decreased expression of LINC01836 repressed proliferation,
migration, and invasion in vitro and vivo, and high LINC01836 expression displayed the opposite
effect. Further analysis revealed that LINC01836 could regulate the expression of SLC17A9 by
competing with miR-­‐1226-3p. Furthermore, down-regulation of LINC01836 or increased
expression of miR-­‐1226-3p markedly reversed the effects of SLC17A9 overexpression on
colorectal cancer cells.

Conclusion:

This study showed that LINC01836 regulated the expression of SLC17A9 through
sponge miR-1226-3p by acting as a competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA), promoted the
progression of colorectal cancer, and suggested a new prognostic biomarker and potential cancer
treatment target for colorectal cancer.
In Silico Tools to Thaw the Complexity of the Data: Revolutionizing Drug Research
in Drug Metabolism, Pharmacokinetics and Toxicity Prediction
Authors: Sree Kommalapati Hema , Pilli Pushpa , Golla Vijaya Madhyanapu , Bhatt Nehal , Samanthula Gananadhamu
Published: December 2023

In silico tool is the flourishing pathway for Researchers and budding chemists to strain the analytical
data in a snapshot. Traditionally, drug research has heavily relied on labor-intensive experiments, often limited by
time, cost, and ethical constraints. In silico tools have paved the way for more efficient and cost-effective drug
development processes. By employing advanced computational algorithms, these tools can screen large libraries
of compounds, identifying potential toxicities and prioritizing safer drug candidates for further investigation. Integrating
in silico tools into the drug research pipeline has significantly accelerated the drug discovery process,
facilitating early-stage decision-making and reducing the reliance on resource-intensive experimentation. Moreover,
these tools can potentially minimize the need for animal testing, promoting the principles of the 3Rs (reduction,
refinement, and replacement) in animal research. This paper highlights the immense potential of in silico
tools in revolutionizing drug research. By leveraging computational models to predict drug metabolism, pharmacokinetics,
and toxicity. Researchers can make informed decisions and prioritize the most promising drug candidates
for further investigation. The synchronicity of In silico tools in this article on trending topics is insightful
and will play an increasingly integral role in expediting drug development.
Alarming Rise of Primary HIV Drug Resistance in Major Regions of Russia
Authors: Kireev Dmitry , Kirichenko Alina , Lebedev Aleksey , Bobkova Marina
Published: December 2023

Objective::

The study aimed to compare the prevalence of surveillance HIV drug resistance
mutations (SDRMs) across the main federal districts of Russia.

Methods::

A pooled analysis was conducted to examine data on HIV primary drug resistance (HIV
PrimDR). The analysis was based on published results primarily from Russian regional clinical
and scientific laboratories, covering a span of 20 years.

Results::

The findings indicate that three surveyed regions, namely Central, Far Eastern, and Volga,
exhibit a low level of HIV PrimDR prevalence (not exceeding 5%), and this prevalence does
not show a tendency to increase. In contrast, three major regions, namely Northwestern, Southern,
and Siberian, demonstrate a significant and progressive increase in HIV PrimDR prevalence, with
recent values surpassing 10%.

Conclusion::

Consequently, it was concluded that a change in the HIV treatment strategy in these
regions is imperative, emphasizing the need to expedite the transition to the utilization of secondgeneration
integrase inhibitors.
Characterization of a New Hypotensive Peptide from the Venom of Snake Bothrops jararaca (Bj)
Authors: Basak Ajoy , Carmona Euridice , Au Felicia , Barbarulo Borgheresi Rosa Anna Maria
Published: December 2023

Background:

Snake venom has become a key source of many bioactive peptides, enzymes,
and toxins associated with blood coagulation and neuronal toxicity. In the past, a number
of bradykinin potentiating peptides have been isolated from snake venom that display hypotensive
activity due to their inhibitory action towards Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE). Significant
interest has developed to isolate, characterize, and subsequently design peptide analogs as potent
ACE-inhibitors which may find therapeutic applications for the treatment of hypertension and associated
diseases.

Aim:

The aim of this study is to search for new bioactive peptide/s in the venom of the snake Bothrops
Jararaca (Bj).

Objective:

The objective is to isolate and characterize new hypotensive peptides from BJ venom.

Methods:

We examined the venom of Bj which is known to host a range of bioactive peptides.
We have isolated a new peptide (BJ-1) which displayed in vitro potent hypotensive activity. The
peptide was purified via Sephadex G25 column chromatography and RP-HPLC. It was characterized
by mass spectrometry, amino acid analysis, N-terminal sequencing, and chemical synthesis.

Result:

The peptide was identified as an octa-decapeptide with amino acid sequence as DCPSDWSSYEGHCYKPFS
where the two Cys residues are likely present in free state, although they
can form an internal S-S bond upon oxidation. It was fully confirmed by comparing with synthetic
peptide prepared by solid phase chemistry. Both have the same molecular mass (2,108 Da) and
identical bioactivity. Furthermore, we rationalize that BJ-1 may be derived from precursor protein
“Coagulation factor IX/factor X binding protein (CF-IX/X-BP)” by proteolytic cleavage at the Nterminus
of its B-chain within the sequence KPFS18↓E19PKN. This cleavage site contains the recognition
motif of enzyme PCSK8 (Proprotein Convertase Subtilisin Kexin8) also known as Subtilisin
Kexin Isozyme 1 (SKI-1) or Site 1 Protease (S1P). Despite this observation, using a synthetic
peptide encompassing the proposed cleavage site and recombinant PCSK8 enzyme, we found that
the enzyme responsible for generation of BJ-1 is not PCSK8. Further studies will be needed to
identify the associated enzyme and fully characterize the pharmacological and biological properties
of the peptide.

Conclusion:

Our study revealed the presence of a novel hypotensive octa-decapeptide in the venom
of the snake Bothrops jararaca. It is likely derived from the A-chain of protein CF-IX/X-BP
via proteolytic cleavage at the N-terminus by a protease yet to be characterized.