bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
LncRNA ARGI Contributes to Virus‐Induced Pancreatic β Cell Inflammation Through Transcriptional Activation of IFN‐Stimulated Genes
Authors: González‐Moro Itziar , Garcia‐Etxebarria Koldo , Mendoza Luis Manuel , Fernández‐Jiménez Nora , Mentxaka Jon , Olazagoitia‐Garmendia Ane , Arroyo María Nicol , Sawatani Toshiaki , Moreno‐Castro Cristina , Vinci Chiara , Op de Beek Anne , Cnop Miriam , Igoillo‐Esteve Mariana , Santin Izortze
Published: June 2023

Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is a complex autoimmune disease that develops in genetically susceptible individuals. Most T1D‐associated single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are located in non‐coding regions of the human genome. Interestingly, SNPs in long non‐coding RNAs (lncRNAs) may result in the disruption of their secondary structure, affecting their function, and in turn, the expression of potentially pathogenic pathways. In the present work, the function of a virus‐induced T1D‐associated lncRNA named ARGI (Antiviral Response Gene Inducer) is characterized. Upon a viral insult, ARGI is upregulated in the nuclei of pancreatic β cells and binds to CTCF to interact with the promoter and enhancer regions of IFNβ and interferon‐stimulated genes, promoting their transcriptional activation in an allele‐specific manner. The presence of the T1D risk allele in ARGI induces a change in its secondary structure. Interestingly, the T1D risk genotype induces hyperactivation of type I IFN response in pancreatic β cells, an expression signature that is present in the pancreas of T1D patients. These data shed light on the molecular mechanisms by which T1D‐related SNPs in lncRNAs influence pathogenesis at the pancreatic β cell level and opens the door for the development of therapeutic strategies based on lncRNA modulation to delay or avoid pancreatic β cell inflammation in T1D.
Surface Modification of Super Arborized Silica for Flexible and Wearable Ultrafast‐Response Strain Sensors with Low Hysteresis
Authors: Han Shaowei , Tan Huanhuan , Wei Jia , Yuan Hang , Li Songwei , Yang Peipei , Mi Haoyang , Liu Chuntai , Shen Changyu
Published: June 2023

Conductive hydrogels exhibit high potential in the fields of wearable sensors, healthcare monitoring, and e‐skins. However, it remains a huge challenge to integrate high elasticity, low hysteresis, and excellent stretch‐ability in physical crosslinking hydrogels. This study reports the synthesis of polyacrylamide (PAM)‐3‐(trimethoxysilyl) propyl methacrylate‐grafted super arborized silica nanoparticle (TSASN)‐lithium chloride (LiCl) hydrogel sensors with high elasticity, low hysteresis, and excellent electrical conductivity. The introduction of TSASN enhances the mechanical strength and reversible resilience of the PAM‐TSASN‐LiCl hydrogels by chain entanglement and interfacial chemical bonding, and provides stress‐transfer centers for external‐force diffusion. These hydrogels show outstanding mechanical strength (a tensile stress of 80–120 kPa, elongation at break of 900‐1400%, and dissipated energy of 0.8–9.6 kJ m−3), and can withstand multiple mechanical cycles. LiCl addition enables the PAM‐TSASN‐LiCl hydrogels to exhibit excellent electrical properties with an outstanding sensing performance (gauge factor = 4.5), with rapid response (210 ms) within a wide strain‐sensing range (1–800%). These PAM‐TSASN‐LiCl hydrogel sensors can detect various human‐body movements for prolonged durations of time, and generate stable and reliable output signals. The hydrogels fabricated with high stretch‐ability, low hysteresis, and reversible resilience, can be used as flexible wearable sensors.
TP53RK Drives the Progression of Chronic Kidney Disease by Phosphorylating Birc5
Authors: Wu Mengqiu , Jin Qianqian , Xu Xinyue , Fan Jiaojiao , Chen Weiyi , Miao Mengqiu , Gu Ran , Zhang Shengnan , Guo Yan , Huang Songming , Zhang Yue , Zhang Aihua , Jia Zhanjun
Published: June 2023

Renal fibrosis is a common characteristic of various chronic kidney diseases (CKDs) driving the loss of renal function. During this pathological process, persistent injury to renal tubular epithelial cells and activation of fibroblasts chiefly determine the extent of renal fibrosis. In this study, the role of tumor protein 53 regulating kinase (TP53RK) in the pathogenesis of renal fibrosis and its underlying mechanisms is investigated. TP53RK is upregulated in fibrotic human and animal kidneys with a positive correlation to kidney dysfunction and fibrotic markers. Interestingly, specific deletion of TP53RK either in renal tubule or in fibroblasts in mice can mitigate renal fibrosis in CKD models. Mechanistic investigations reveal that TP53RK phosphorylates baculoviral IAP repeat containing 5 (Birc5) and facilitates its nuclear translocation; enhanced Birc5 displays a profibrotic effect possibly via activating PI3K/Akt and MAPK pathways. Moreover, pharmacologically inhibiting TP53RK and Birc5 using fusidic acid (an FDA‐approved antibiotic) and YM‐155(currently in clinical phase 2 trials) respectively both ameliorate kidney fibrosis. These findings demonstrate that activated TP53RK/Birc5 signaling in renal tubular cells and fibroblasts alters cellular phenotypes and drives CKD progression. A genetic or pharmacological blockade of this axis serves as a potential strategy for treating CKDs.
In‐Grain Ferroelectric Switching in Sub‐5 nm Thin Al0.74Sc0.26N Films at 1 V
Authors: Schönweger Georg , Wolff Niklas , Islam Md Redwanul , Gremmel Maike , Petraru Adrian , Kienle Lorenz , Kohlstedt Hermann , Fichtner Simon
Published: June 2023

Analog switching in ferroelectric devices promises neuromorphic computing with the highest energy efficiency if limited device scalability can be overcome. To contribute to a solution, one reports on the ferroelectric switching characteristics of sub‐5 nm thin Al0.74Sc0.26N films grown on Pt/Ti/SiO2/Si and epitaxial Pt/GaN/sapphire templates by sputter‐deposition. In this context, the study focuses on the following major achievements compared to previously available wurtzite‐type ferroelectrics: 1) Record low switching voltages down to 1 V are achieved, which is in a range that can be supplied by standard on‐chip voltage sources. 2) Compared to the previously investigated deposition of ultrathin Al1−xScxN films on epitaxial templates, a significantly larger coercive field (Ec) to breakdown field ratio is observed for Al0.74Sc0.26N films grown on silicon substrates, the technologically most relevant substrate‐type. 3) The formation of true ferroelectric domains in wurtzite‐type materials is for the first time demonstrated on the atomic scale by scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) investigations of a sub‐5 nm thin partially switched film. The direct observation of inversion domain boundaries (IDB) within single nm‐sized grains supports the theory of a gradual domain‐wall driven switching process in wurtzite‐type ferroelectrics. Ultimately, this should enable the analog switching necessary for mimicking neuromorphic concepts also in highly scaled devices.
Celastrol Combats Methicillin‐Resistant Staphylococcus aureus by Targeting Δ1‐Pyrroline‐5‐Carboxylate Dehydrogenase
Authors: Yuan Zhongwei , Wang Jun , Qu Qianwei , Zhu Zhenxin , Xu Marc , Zhao Mengmeng , Sun Chongxiang , Peng Haixin , Huang Xingyu , Dong Yue , Dong Chunliu , Zheng Yadan , Yuan Shuguang , Li Yanhua
Published: June 2023

The emergence and rapid spread of methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) raise a critical need for alternative therapeutic options. New antibacterial drugs and targets are required to combat MRSA‐associated infections. Based on this study, celastrol, a natural product from the roots of Tripterygium wilfordii Hook. f., effectively combats MRSA in vitro and in vivo. Multi‐omics analysis suggests that the molecular mechanism of action of celastrol may be related to Δ1‐pyrroline‐5‐carboxylate dehydrogenase (P5CDH). By comparing the properties of wild‐type and rocA‐deficient MRSA strains, it is demonstrated that P5CDH, the second enzyme of the proline catabolism pathway, is a tentative new target for antibacterial agents. Using molecular docking, bio‐layer interferometry, and enzyme activity assays, it is confirmed that celastrol can affect the function of P5CDH. Furthermore, it is found through site‐directed protein mutagenesis that the Lys205 and Glu208 residues are key for celastrol binding to P5CDH. Finally, mechanistic studies show that celastrol induces oxidative stress and inhibits DNA synthesis by binding to P5CDH. The findings of this study indicate that celastrol is a promising lead compound and validate P5CDH as a potential target for the development of novel drugs against MRSA.
Potential of Transition Metal Dichalcogenide Transistors for Flexible Electronics Applications
Authors: Piacentini Agata , Daus Alwin , Wang Zhenxing , Lemme Max C. , Neumaier Daniel
Published: June 2023

Semiconducting transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDC) are 2D materials, combining good charge carrier mobility, ultimate dimension down‐scalability, and low‐temperature integration. These properties make TMDCs interesting for flexible electronics, where the thermal fabrication budget is strongly substrate limited. In this perspective, an overview of the state of TMDC research is provided by evaluating two scenarios, both with their own merit depending on the target application. First, high‐quality chemically grown 2D TMDCs are promising for nanoscale high‐performance and high‐frequency devices with excellent gate control and high current on/off ratios. Second, TMDC thin films can also be solution deposited from chemically exfoliated flakes allowing for moderate performance, but providing a path toward low‐cost production. A strong advantage of TMDCs is the possibility to realize p‐type and n‐type channels for complementary transistors having similar performance figures‐of‐merit. This aspect, as well as common transistor performance metrics are also compared with other flexible channel materials providing an overview of the state of the art of thin‐film transistors in the field of flexible electronics.
Dual Effects of Metal and Organic Ions Co‐Intercalation Boosting the Kinetics and Stability of Hydrated Vanadate Cathodes for Aqueous Zinc‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Zong Quan , Zhuang Yanling , Liu Chaofeng , Kang Qiaoling , Wu Yuanzhe , Zhang Jingji , Wang Jiangying , Tao Daiwen , Zhang Qilong , Cao Guozhong
Published: June 2023

For the development of aqueous zinc‐ion batteries, exploiting vanadium‐based cathode materials with quick kinetics and acceptable cycling stability is crucial. Herein, to achieve these goals, transition metal ions (Zn2+) and organic ions (C5H14ON+ and Ch+) are introduced into layered hydrated V2O5. The intrinsic high conductivity of Ch+ and the oxygen vacancies generated through ion pre‐intercalation accelerate the electrical mobility by optimizing the electronic structure. The Zn2+ stabilizes the layered structure and the expanded interlayer spacing improves the ionic diffusivity. The synergistic effect of pre‐intercalated Zn2+ and Ch+ results in the (Zn0.1, Ch0.1)V2O4.92·0.56H2O cathode exhibiting a discharge capacity of 473 mAh g−1 at 0.1 A g−1 with a high energy efficiency of 88% and excellent cycling stability with 91% retention after 2000 cycles at 4 A g−1. Ex situ characterizations and density functional theory calculations reveal a reversible intercalation mechanism of Zn2+, and the improved electrochemical kinetics are attributed to the altered electronic conductivity and the reduced binding energy between Zn2+ and host O2−.
Direct numerical simulation of moderate‐Reynolds‐number flow past arrays of ellipsoids
Authors: Li Xinyang , Chen Xiao , Yang Bolun , Zhou Qiang
Published: June 2023

Through particle‐resolved direct numerical simulations of flow past arrays of ellipsoids, the hydrodynamic force on ellipsoids depends on the particle orientation, aspect ratio, particle Reynolds number, and solid volume fraction is revealed at moderate Reynolds numbers. The results show that the mean drag force on arrays of prolate/oblate ellipsoids decreases/increases as the Hermans orientation factor increases when flows are in the reference direction defined by the average symmetric axis of particles. The individual drag force on a prolate/oblate ellipsoid increases/decreases with the increase of incidence angle, and it is also affected by the orientation of surrounding particles. The individual lift force is also significant when the aspect ratio is away from unity at large particle Reynolds numbers. Based on simulation results, correlations for the hydrodynamic force on ellipsoids at arbitrary particle Reynolds numbers, solid volume fractions, Hermans orientation factors, incidence angles, and aspect ratios are formulated.
First principles prediction of NRTL binary interaction parameters for furfural derivatives
Authors: Joos Ilah , Lugo Fernando A. , Sabbe Maarten K. , De Clercq Jeriffa , Lauwaert Jeroen
Published: June 2023

Biobased molecules constitute sustainable alternatives for fossil‐based chemicals. However, to allow further valorization, the complex product mixtures resulting from biomass processing typically require downstream separation. Although many (semi)empirical thermodynamic models, like NRTL, are available for separation process design, their application for biobased molecules is hampered due to the lack of the necessary data to determine the binary interaction parameters used in these models. Therefore, in this work a case study comprising a set of furfural derivates has been used to showcase a methodology to efficiently determine these parameters. Based on first principles, COSMO‐RS is used to generate a dataset of thermodynamic activities, which is subsequently used to regress the NRTL model against. Comparison of NRTL‐HOC simulated vapor–liquid equilibria (VLE's) with experimental VLE's showed excellent agreement, confirming that COSMO‐RS can be used to extend the use of (semi)‐empirical models toward applications involving biobased molecules of which limited experimental data is available.
Li Plating Regulation on Fast‐Charging Graphite Anodes by a Triglyme‐LiNO3 Synergistic Electrolyte Additive
Authors: Xu Xuejiao , Yue Xinyang , Chen Yuanmao , Liang Zheng
Published: June 2023

Graphite anodes are prone to dangerous Li plating during fast charging, but the difficulty to identify the rate‐limiting step has made a challenging to eliminate Li plating thoroughly. Thus, the inherent thinking on inhibiting Li plating needs to be compromised. Herein, an elastic solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) with uniform Li‐ion flux is constructed on graphite anode by introducing a triglyme (G3)‐LiNO3 synergistic additive (GLN) to commercial carbonate electrolyte, for realizing a dendrite‐free and highly‐reversible Li plating under high rates. The cross‐linked oligomeric ether and Li3N particles derived from the GLN greatly improve the stability of the SEI before and after Li plating and facilitate the uniform Li deposition. When 51 % of lithiation capacity is contributed from Li plating, the graphite anode in the electrolyte with 5 vol.% GLN achieved an average 99.6 % Li plating reversibility over 100 cycles. In addition, the 1.2‐Ah LiFePO4 | graphite pouch cell with GLN‐added electrolyte stably operated over 150 cycles at 3 C, firmly demonstrating the promise of GLN in commercial Li‐ion batteries for fast‐charging applications.
Improved Birefringence Activated by Tetrahedra Decorated with a Single Linear Unit
Authors: Xie Wenlong , Li Fuming , Chen Jianbang , Yang Zhihuang , Li Guangmao , Pan Shilie
Published: June 2023

Performance enhancement induced by structural modification has long been the target in materials science fields. Direct evidence to witness the effectivity of one strategy is challenging and necessary. In this work, a tetrahedra‐decoration strategy was proposed to improve the birefringent performance sharply, namely decorating the tetrahedra with a single linear [S2] unit. The strategy was verified by comprehensive characterization of two thiogermanates K2BaGeS4 and K2BaGeS5, which crystallize in the same space group, have similar unit cells and the same units arrangements. Theoretical characterization verified that the [GeS5] group has much larger polarization anisotropy than [GeS4], further demonstrated that the linear [S2] led to the sharp birefringence enlargement of K2BaGeS5 (0.19 vs 0.03 of K2BaGeS4). This work provides a new guiding thought to improve the birefringence performance.
Data‐Dependent Acquisition with Precursor Coisolation Improves Proteome Coverage and Measurement Throughput for Label‐Free Single‐Cell Proteomics**
Authors: Truong Thy , Webber Kei G. I. , Madisyn Johnston S. , Boekweg Hannah , Lindgren Caleb M. , Liang Yiran , Nydegger Alissia , Xie Xiaofeng , Tsang Tsz‐Ming , Jayatunge D. A. Dasun N. , Andersen Joshua L. , Payne Samuel H. , Kelly Ryan T.
Published: June 2023

We combined efficient sample preparation and ultra‐low‐flow liquid chromatography with a newly developed data acquisition and analysis scheme termed wide window acquisition (WWA) to quantify >3,000 proteins from single cells in rapid label‐free analyses. WWA employs large isolation windows to intentionally co‐isolate and co‐fragment adjacent precursors along with the selected precursor. Optimized WWA increased the number of MS2‐identified proteins by ≈40 % relative to standard data‐dependent acquisition. For a 40‐min LC gradient operated at ≈15 nL/min, we identified an average of 3,524 proteins per single‐cell‐sized aliquot of protein digest. Reducing the active gradient to 20 min resulted in a modest 10 % decrease in proteome coverage. Using this platform, we compared protein expression between single HeLa cells having an essential autophagy gene, atg9a, knocked out, with their isogenic WT parental line. Similar proteome coverage was observed, and 268 proteins were significantly up‐ or downregulated. Protein upregulation primarily related to innate immunity, vesicle trafficking and protein degradation.
Polymerizable Solvent‐free Organic Liquids: A New Approach for Large Area Flexible and Foldable Luminescent Films
Authors: Wakchaure Vivek Chandrakant , Veer Sairam Dnyaneshwar , Nidhankar Aakash D. , Kumar Viksit , Narayanan Aswini , Babu Sukumaran Santhosh
Published: June 2023

The high demand for light‐emitting and display devices made luminescent organic materials as attractive candidates. Solvent‐free organic liquids are one of the promising emitters among them due to the salient features. However, the inherent limitations of forming sticky and noncurable surfaces must be addressed to become an alternate emitter for large‐area device applications. Herein, we functionalized solvent‐free organic liquids having monomeric emission in bulk with polymerizable groups to improve the processability. The polymerizable group on carbazole, naphthalene monoimide, and diketopyrrolopyrrole‐based solvent‐free liquid emitters enabled on‐surface polymerization. These emitters alone and in combinations can be directly coated on a glass substrate without the help of solvents. Subsequent photo or thermal polymerization leads to stable, non‐sticky, flexible, foldable, and free‐standing large‐area films with reasonably high quantum yield. Our demonstration of the tunable and white light‐emitting films using polymerizable solvent‐free liquids might be a potential candidate in flexible/foldable/stretchable electronics. The new concept of polymerizable liquid can be extended to other functional features suitable for futuristic applications.
Synthesis, characterization, TD‐DFT, molecular docking, biological applications, and solvatochromic studies of some new metal complexes derived from semicarbazone of pyrano[3,2‐c]quinoline‐3‐carboxaldehyde
Authors: Ibrahim Magdy A. , Emara Adel A. A. , Taha Ali , Adly Omima M. I. , Nabeel Asmaa I. , Aziz Maged A. , Salah Nesma
Published: June 2023

New Zn(II), Cd(II), VO(IV), and UO2(VI) solvatochromic complexes derived from 6‐ethyl‐4‐hydroxy‐2,5‐dioxo‐5,6‐dihydro‐2H‐pyrano[3,2‐c]quinoline‐3‐carboxaldehyde‐semicarbazone ligand (H2L) were synthesized and established by elemental analyses, spectral (IR, UV, NMR, mass spectra), molar conductivity measurements, magnetic susceptibility, and thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA). The ligand coordinates with metal ions through ONO chelating sites, forming an octahedral geometry arrangement, except UO2(VI) that showed pentagonal bipyramidal geometry. Using Coats–Redfern methodology, the kinetic parameters (Ea, A, ΔH, ΔS, and ΔG) of the thermal decomposition steps were calculated and discussed. The complexes showed solvatochromic behavior that used to estimate the ground and excited state dipole moments. Optimization and structural parameters were carried out by density function theory (DFT) at B3LYP/GENECP method at 6‐311G(d,p) basis set for C, H, N, and O atoms and SDD (Stuttgart/Dresden) basis set for the metal atoms and interrelated with the experimental results. The complexes were tested for antimicrobial efficiency against Gram‐positive bacteria, Gram‐negative bacteria, yeast, and fungi. Also, antitumor activity was investigated against HepG‐2 cell line. Finally, the new synthesized complexes upon subjecting to molecular docking and distinguishable results showed outstanding inhibition results of VEGFR‐2 via achieving a high stabilization level inside the largest pocket of 1YWN protein.
An expeditious synthesis and histo–toxicological study of 1,2,3‐triazoles catalyzed by a novel Fe3O4@SiO2‐Pr‐Thiosemicarbazide‐Cu(II) as a magnetically separable catalyst
Authors: Yadav Archana , Patil Pradeep , Birajdar Nagesh , Gophane Anna , Gunturu Krishna Chaitanya , Hangirgekar Shankar , Sankpal Sandeep
Published: June 2023

A novel Fe3O4@SiO2‐Pr‐Thiosemicarbazide‐Cu(II) as a magnetically separable catalyst was synthesized and further confirmed by FT‐IR, TGA, XRD, FE‐SEM, EDX, ICP‐AES, TEM, VSM, and XPS analyses. The catalytic efficiency of Fe3O4@SiO2‐Pr‐Thiosemicarbazide‐Cu(II) was examined in the one‐pot environmentally friendly synthesis of 1,2,3‐triazoles by reacting terminal alkynes, alkyl halides, and sodium azide in ethanol at 55°C. The results revealed Fe3O4@SiO2‐Pr‐Thiosemicarbazide‐Cu(II) nano–sizedcatalyst is advantageous in terms of excellent activity, high stability, and easily recoverable in the synthesis of 1,2,3‐triazoles. The mechanistic study of Fe3O4@SiO2‐Pr‐Thiosemicarbazide‐Cu(II) catalyzed synthesis of 1,2,3‐triazole is also supported by DFT calculations. The significant advantages of this catalytic system are mild reaction conditions, easy work‐up procedure, magnetic separation, heterogeneity, an excellent yield of the product, and recyclability without a notable decrease of catalytic potency for six runs. Further, histotoxicological assessment of synthesized 1,2,3‐triazoles was done on the Indian major carp Labeo rohita.
Comparative analysis in the performances of four in‐ground lagoon anaerobic digesters treating palm oil mill effluent (POME)
Authors: Mohd Yusof Mohd Amran Bin , Chan Yi Jing , Chong Chien Hwa
Published: June 2023

While palm oil mill effluent (POME) from different sources will have varying characteristics due to the different process flows in mills, efficient monitoring and performance evaluation of anaerobic digesters in POME treatment are crucial to ensure stable biogas production with minimal operational problems. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate and compare the performances of in‐ground lagoon anaerobic digesters under mesophilic conditions in four different biogas plants (BGPs A, B, C and D) located in Malaysia with respect to total chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal and total biogas produced. Results show that all BGPs are still functioning well with satisfactory methane yields (.135–.364 Nm3CH4/kgCOD removed) and COD removal efficiencies (67%–85%). ANOVA analysis shows that organic loading rate (OLR), temperature (T) and recirculation ratio (RR) have significant effects on the COD removal and biogas production of all four plants. BGP B has the highest amount of biogas produced (4.12 × 105 Nm3/month) and COD removal rate amongst other BGPs due to its most stable and lowest T (<40°C), high RR, and consistent and high COD load. Conversely, BGP D has the lowest COD removal and biogas production, which are mainly contributed by a high COD inlet (92 000 mg/L) and a high T in the anaerobic digester (48.7°C). Despite having a similar design of an anaerobic digester, this comparative study reveals that different BGPs will have different optimum operating conditions and limitations, depending not only on the operating conditions of the BGP (OLR, T and RR) but also on the raw POME quality stemming from the palm oil milling process. A future study would be focused on the optimisation of four BGPs for maximum biogas removal.
A key role of a bio‐based charring‐coupling agent in flame retardant and anti‐dripping performance of polyamide 6/aluminum diethylphosphinate
Authors: Zhang Wei , Li Hui , Cao Weihong , Guo Zhenghong , Fang Zhengping , Li Juan , Chen Peng
Published: June 2023

In this work, an organophosphorus flame retardant (BHD) was synthesized using 4‐formylphenylboronic acid and 1,6‐hexanediamine; a charring‐coupling agent containing epoxy (DE) was synthesized using daidzein and epichlorohydrin. The BHD and DE were reacted and coated on the surface of aluminum diethylphosphinate (ADP) and the product is identified as BD‐ADP. PA6 with 12 wt% BD‐ADP achieves a UL‐94 V‐0 rating and a limiting oxygen index (LOI) value of 30.0 vol%. Substitute 1.0 wt% DE for BD‐ADP, PA6‐1.0E not only achieves a UL‐94 V‐0 rating, but also goes out before dripping. The time to ignition of PA6‐1.0E is 19 s longer than that of PA6. The flame‐retardant mode is the combination of the gas‐phase effect of ADP and the condensed‐phase effect of DE. In addition, the tensile strength and impact strength of PA6‐1.0E are 103.9 MPa and 6.6 kJ/m2which are 35.6% and 43.5% more than that of PA6‐12A. Both BD coating and DE contribute to a strong interfacial adhesion between ADP and PA6 which improves the mechanical properties. The DE plays a key role in the flame retardancy and mechanical properties of PA6 blends.
Diagonallagenholz (DLH) – Ressourceneffizienz durch diagonale Orientierung einzelner Lagen: Bestimmung der Steifigkeitsparameter und Verformungsanalysen
Authors: Arnold Matthias , Maderebner Roland , Dietsch Philipp , Winter Stefan
Published: June 2023

Dieser Aufsatz befasst sich mit der Entwicklung von diagonal verklebtem Brettsperrholz (Diagonallagenholz – DLH), einem Laminat aus Massivholzlamellen, welche zur Anpassung der Steifigkeitseigenschaften in einem bestimmten Winkel zueinander angeordnet werden. DLH stellt somit eine anwendungsoptimierte Weiterentwicklung von Brettsperrholz (BSP) dar und erreicht bei gleichem Materialeinsatz verbesserte mechanische Eigenschaften. Der Beitrag beschäftigt sich mit der analytischen Herleitung der Steifigkeitsmatrix, der experimentellen Charakterisierung und numerischen Verformungsanalysen. Die Untersuchungen wurden mit spezifischen DLH‐Serien durchgeführt, welche durch die Ausrichtung von Lagen unter Winkeln von ±45° bzw. ±30° (±60°) gekennzeichnet sind. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass die Torsionssteifigkeit im Vergleich zu BSP deutlich erhöht ist. Diese Eigenschaft ist vielversprechend für die Anwendung von DLH in Platten unter zweiachsiger Biegebeanspruchung, wie z. B. punktgestützten Flachdecken. Hierbei verspricht die diagonale Ausrichtung einzelner Lagen zudem Homogenisierungseffekte bei der Verteilung von Biege‐ und Schubspannungen. Gleichzeitig führt die diagonale Orientierung einzelner Lagen zu einer Erhöhung der Scheibenschubsteifigkeit, welche hinsichtlich aussteifender Wand‐ und Deckenelemente von großem Interesse ist. Die Forschung an DLH hebt die Relevanz und Eignung diagonal ausgerichteter Lagen in Massivholzelementen für einen effizienteren und damit nachhaltigen Umgang mit der Ressource Holz hervor.
High‐moisture pelleting of corn stover using pilot‐ and commercial‐scale systems: Impact of moisture content, L/D ratio and hammer mill screen size on pellet quality and energy consumption
Authors: Tumuluru Jaya Shankar
Published: June 2023

High‐moisture pelleting of corn stover was tested in pilot‐ and commercial‐scale systems. For the pilot‐scale study, a 6.35 mm screen size hammer mill ground corn stover was reconditioned to moisture between 14 and 29.6% (w.b.), and 5, 7 and 9 L/D ratio pellet die were used. At 29% corn stover moisture content and L/D ratios of 5 and 9, the bulk density and durability of the pellets were ≤450 kg/m3 and <90% and >540 kg/m3 and >90%, respectively. Increasing the feedstock moisture and L/D ratio increased the pelleting energy. Increasing the hammer mill screen size to 11.11 mm reduced the bulk density but not the durability. The response surface models adequately described the pelleting process (R2 ≥ 0.88), and analysis of variance showed a strong interaction between the process variables and pellet properties. Commercial‐scale testing of high‐moisture pelleting using 6.35 mm ground corn stover bales in the moisture range 24–26% (w.b.) produced pellets with a density of >675 kg/m3 and durability of >98%, whereas increasing the hammer mill screen size to 11.11 mm reduced the bulk density by about 100 kg/m3 but not the durability. The energy consumption of the commercial‐scale unit operations for the high‐moisture pelleting process was in the range 98–124 kW h/ton, which is 64–72% less energy than conventional pelleting that requires energy about 350 kW h/ton for biomass drying from 30% (w.b.) to 10% (w.b.) moisture content before pelleting. Pellets produced using high‐moisture pelleting met International Organization for Standardization and Pellets Fuel Institute international standards. Published 2023. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.
Eating disorder symptoms and control‐seeking behavior
Authors: Slanina‐Davies Ashley , Robinson Oliver J. , Pike Alexandra C.
Published: June 2023

Objective

Eating disorders (EDs) are a heterogenous group of disorders characterized by disturbed eating patterns. Links have been made between ED symptoms and control‐seeking behaviors, which may cause relief from distress. However, whether direct behavioral measures of control‐seeking behavior correlate with ED symptoms has not been directly tested. Additionally, existing paradigms may conflate control‐seeking behavior with uncertainty‐reducing behavior.

Method

A general population sample of 183 participants completed part in an online behavioral task, in which participants rolled a die in order to obtain/avoid a set of numbers. Prior to each roll, participants could choose to change arbitrary features of the task (such as the color of their die) or view additional information (such as the current trial number). Selecting these Control Options could cost participants points or not (Cost/No‐Cost conditions). Each participant completed all four conditions, each with 15 trials, followed by a series of questionnaires, including the Eating Attitudes Test‐26 (EAT‐26), the Intolerance of Uncertainty Scale, and the Obsessive–Compulsive Inventory—Revised (OCI‐R).

Results

A Spearman's rank test indicated no significant correlation between total EAT‐26 score and total number of Control Options selected, with only elevated scores on a measure of obsessions and compulsivity (OCI‐R) correlating with the total number of Control Options selected (rs = .155, p = .036).

Discussion

In our novel paradigm, we find no relationship between EAT‐26 score and control‐seeking. However, we do find some evidence that this behavior may be present in other disorders that often coincide with ED diagnosis, which may indicate that transdiagnostic factors such as compulsivity are important to control‐seeking.
Green marketing practices and green consumer behavior: Demographic differences among young consumers
Authors: Mehraj Danish , Qureshi Ishtiaq Hussain , Singh Gurmeet , Nazir Nazir Ahmed , basheer Shakeel , Nissa Viqar u
Published: June 2023

The research was undertaken to study the influence of demographics, especially gender, age, education, and income, on the green purchase decisions of Indian consumers. The structured close‐ended questionnaire was distributed among millennials (graduate, post‐graduate, and doctorate students) in educational institutions in the UT of Jammu and Kashmir. A total of 700 students participated in this study employing stratified random sampling. ANOVA and t‐tests were used to analyze the data. The study results show that education and income significantly influence while Age and gender do not significantly influence the green consumer behavior of young Indian consumers. The insights in this study will be helpful to green marketers as they develop strategies for Indian consumers of various genders, age groups, educational backgrounds, occupations, and socioeconomic levels. Future academics and researchers might adopt this work as a starting point to further explore the idea of green marketing in India.
Gen Z's personalization paradoxes: A privacy calculus examination of digital personalization and brand behaviors
Authors: McKee Kathleen M. , Dahl Andrew J. , Peltier James W.
Published: June 2023

Employing privacy calculus theory, we examine why Gen Z consumers increasingly adopt ad blockers, use private browsers, or take other measures to limit data tracking. Specifically, we evaluate consumer behaviors related to personalized and non‐personalized digital marketing in light of two personalization paradoxes: privacy–benefits and avoidance–annoyance. Using structural equation modeling on a sample of 414 Gen Z consumers, our findings show that both the privacy–benefits paradox and avoidance–annoyance paradox strongly influence consumers' intentions to avoid brands that fail to personalize marketing efforts. We also explore the interaction effects of the two digital personalization tensions, showing that tradeoffs exist between the utilization of these two paradoxes. Our findings underscore key implications for marketers investing in personalized marketing efforts to enhance consumer–brand relationships.
Protective Effect of Cannabidiol on Hydrogen Peroxide‐Induced Oxidative Damage in Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells (HUVECs)
Authors: Li Hang , Yang Tian‐Xiao , Zhao Qing‐Sheng , Zhao Bing
Published: June 2023

Natural antioxidants play an important role in promoting good health because of their prevention for oxidative damage. The work aimed to explore the antioxidant mechanism and activity of cannabidiol (CBD) at the cellular level. The human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) with oxidative damage was employed as the model to study the protective capability of CBD. The results showed that CBD pre‐treatment before the cells were exposed to hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) resulted in an obvious increase of cell viability (about 100 %) and antioxidant related enzymes activity, and a decline of malondialdehyde (MDA) level. Besides, CBD could alleviate the increase of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) content, the contraction of nucleus, and condensation of chromatin. The changes showed a dose‐dependent effect. Additionally, the free radicals scavenging capacity of CBD was comparable to that of typical natural antioxidant, anthocyanidins. In summary, CBD could be employed as a potent antioxidant source for avoiding the oxidative damage. These results could provide the foundation for the development of CBD antioxidant products.
Synthesis, Antifungal Activity, and Molecular Simulation Study of L–Carvone‐Derived 1,3,4‐Oxadiazole‐Thioether Compounds
Authors: Wen Rongzhu , Duan Wengui , Lin Guishan , Li Baoyu , Zhang Zhaolei , Liu Chuwen
Published: June 2023

To discover potent antifungal molecules with new and distinctive structures, 20 novel L‐carvone‐derived 1,3,4‐oxadiazole‐thioether compounds5 a–5 twere synthesized through multi‐step reaction of L‐carvone, and their structures were confirmed by FT‐IR,1H‐NMR,13C‐NMR, and HR‐MS. The antifungal activities of compounds5 a–5 twere preliminarily tested by in vitro method, and the results indicated that all of the title compounds displayed certain antifungal activities against the eight tested plant fungi, especially forP. piricola. Among them, compound5 i(R=p‐F) with the most significant antifungal activity deserved further study for discovering and developing novel natural product‐based antifungal agents. Moreover, two molecular simulation technologies were employed for the investigation of their structure–activity relationships (SARs). Firstly, a reasonable and effective 3D‐QSAR model was established by the comparative molecular field (CoMFA) method, and the relationship of the substituents linked with the benzene rings and the inhibitory activities of the title compounds againstP. piricolawas elucidated. Then, the binding mode of compound5 i(R=p‐F) and its potential biological target (CYP51) was simulated by molecular docking, and it was found that compound5 icould readily bind with CYP51 in the active site, and the ligand‐receptor interactions involved three hydrogen bonds and several hydrophobic effects.
Molecular Highway Patrol for Ribosome Collisions
Authors: Iyer Kaushik Viswanathan , Müller Max , Tittel Lena Sophie , Winz Marie‐Luise
Published: June 2023

During translation, messenger RNAs (mRNAs) are decoded by ribosomes which can stall for various reasons. These include chemical damage, codon composition, starvation, or translation inhibition. Trailing ribosomes can collide with stalled ribosomes, potentially leading to dysfunctional or toxic proteins. Such aberrant proteins can form aggregates and favor diseases, especially neurodegeneration. To prevent this, both eukaryotes and bacteria have evolved different pathways to remove faulty nascent peptides, mRNAs and defective ribosomes from the collided complex. In eukaryotes, ubiquitin ligases play central roles in triggering downstream responses and several complexes have been characterized that split affected ribosomes and facilitate degradation of the various components. As collided ribosomes signal translation stress to affected cells, in eukaryotes additional stress response pathways are triggered when collisions are sensed. These pathways inhibit translation and modulate cell survival and immune responses. Here, we summarize the current state of knowledge about rescue and stress response pathways triggered by ribosome collisions.
Renal impairment and mortality in patients with STEMI and cardiogenic shock/cardiac arrest
Authors: Shroff Gautam R. , Garcia Santiago , Schmidt Christian , Okeson Brynn , Tannenbaum Edward , Pacheco Roberto , Smith Timothy D. , Garberich Ross , Sharkey Scott , Aguirre Frank , Tannenbaum Mark , Shivapour Daniel , Coulson Teresa , Henry Timothy D.
Published: June 2023

Objectives

We sought to study the association of renal impairment (RI) with mortality in ST‐segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) complicated by cardiogenic shock and/or cardiac arrest (CS/CA).

Methods

Patients with RI (estimated glomerular filtration rate <60 mL/min/1.73 m2) were identified from the Midwest STEMI consortium, a prospective registry of four large regional programs comprising consecutive patients over 17 years. Primary outcome was in‐hospital and 1‐year mortality stratified by RI status and presence of CS/CA among patients with STEMI referred for coronary angiography.

Results

In a cohort of 13,463 STEMI patients, 13% (n = 1754) had CS/CA, 30% (n = 4085) had RI. Overall, in‐hospital mortality was 5% (12% RI vs. 2% no‐RI, p < 0.001) and 1‐year mortality 9% (21% RI vs. 4% no‐RI, p < 0.001). Among uncomplicated STEMI, in‐hospital mortality was 2% (4% RI vs. 1% no‐RI, p < 0.001) and 1‐year mortality 6% (13% RI vs. 3% no‐RI, p < 0.001). In STEMI with CS/CA, in‐hospital mortality was 29% (43% RI vs. 15% no‐RI, p < 0.001) and 1‐year mortality 33% (50% RI vs. 16% no‐RI, p < 0.001). Using Cox proportional hazards, RI was an independent predictor of in‐hospital mortality in STEMI with CS/CA (odds ratio [OR]: 3.86; confidence interval [CI]: 2.6, 5.8).

Conclusions

The association of RI with in‐hospital and 1‐year mortality is disproportionately greater in those with CS/CA compared to uncomplicated STEMI presentations. Factors predisposing RI patients to higher risk STEMI presentations and pathways to promote earlier recognition in the chain of survival need further investigation.
Annular pustular crusted plaques as unusual cutaneous presentation of systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Gheisari Mehdi , Baghani Moein , Ganji Raziyeh , Zahedi Khatere
Published: June 2023

Key Clinical Message

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a systemic autoimmune disease that affects several organs including the skin. Clinical cutaneous symptoms of SLE come in a broad range, consisting of both non‐specific and specific cutaneous lesions. Except for cases of amicrobial pustulosis of the folds, generalized pustular psoriasis, acneiform eruptions, pustular vasculitis, Wells' syndrome, subcorneal pustular dermatosis, and neutrophilic dermatosis, there are no reports of pustular lesions linked to SLE. The unusual cutaneous features of our patient were annular plaques with pustules and crusts on the margins.
Tumoral calcinosis in the extensor indicis proprius tendon: A case report
Authors: AlShamsi Maithaa , AlDhamin Ammar
Published: June 2023

Key Clinical Message

Tumoral calcinosis is a rare clinicopathological entity characterized by the presence of calcified deposits in the periarticular soft tissue. Commonly affecting the hips, buttock, shoulders, and elbow, and less commonly in hands, wrists, and feet. We present a novel case of tumoral calcinosis in a 4‐year‐old female with an atraumatic wrist swelling for 2 months. It was a diagnostic enigma for the surgeon due to the peculiar site of presentation. However, with the help of a pathologist, we diagnosed and successfully treated tumoral calcinosis of the extensor indicis proprius tendon.
Imatinib associated temporal bone osteonecrosis
Authors: McKenna Dominic , Reddy Ekambar
Published: June 2023

Key Clinical Message

Tyrosine kinase inhibitors have substantially improved survival in patients with gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) and chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). We report the first association between long‐term imatinib use and temporal bone osteonecrosis, highlighting the importance of prompt ENT evaluation of such patients with new otological symptoms.
Spatiotemporal Investigation of Intercellular Heterogeneity via Multiple Photocaged Probes
Authors: Tsai Chun‐Yi , Chen Po‐Hsun , Chen Ai‐Lin , Wang Tsung‐Shing Andrew
Published: June 2023

Intercellular heterogeneity occurs widely under both normal physiological environments and abnormal disease‐causing conditions. Several attempts to couple spatiotemporal information to cell states in a microenvironment were performed to decipher the cause and effect of heterogeneity. Furthermore, spatiotemporal manipulation can be achieved with the use of photocaged/photoactivatable molecules. Here, we provide a platform to spatiotemporally analyze differential protein expression in neighboring cells by multiple photocaged probes coupled with homemade photomasks. We successfully established intercellular heterogeneity (photoactivable ROS trigger) and mapped the targets (directly ROS‐affected cells) and bystanders (surrounding cells), which were further characterized by total proteomic and cysteinomic analysis. Different protein profiles were shown between bystanders and target cells in both total proteome and cysteinome. Our strategy should expand the toolkit of spatiotemporal mapping for elucidating intercellular heterogeneity.
Peptide Assemblies for Cancer Therapy
Authors: Qiao Yuchen , Xu Bing
Published: June 2023

Supramolecular assemblies made by the self‐assembly of peptides are finding an increasing number of applications in various fields. While the early exploration of peptide assemblies centered on tissue engineering or regenerative medicine, the recent development has shown that peptide assemblies can act as supramolecular medicine for cancer therapy. This review covers the progress of applying peptide assemblies for cancer therapy, with the emphasis on the works appeared over the last five years. We start with the introduction of a few seminal works on peptide assemblies, then discuss the combination of peptide assemblies with anticancer drugs. Next, we highlight the use of enzyme‐controlled transformation or shapeshifting of peptide assemblies for inhibiting cancer cells and tumors. After that, we provide the outlook for this exciting field that promises new kind of therapeutics for cancer therapy.
Parents’ expectations, preferences, and recall of germline findings in a childhood cancer precision medicine trial
Authors: McGill Brittany C. , Wakefield Claire E. , Tucker Katherine M. , Daly Rebecca A. , Donoghoe Mark W. , Vetsch Janine , Warby Meera , Fuentes‐Bolanos Noemi A. , Barlow‐Stewart Kristine , Kirk Judy , Courtney Eliza , O’Brien Tracey A. , Marshall Glenn M. , Pinese Mark , Cowley Mark J. , Tyrrell Vanessa , Deyell Rebecca J. , Ziegler David S. , Hetherington Kate
Published: June 2023

Background

Germline genome sequencing in childhood cancer precision medicine trials may reveal pathogenic or likely pathogenic variants in cancer predisposition genes in more than 10% of children. These findings can have implications for diagnosis, treatment, and the child’s and family’s future cancer risk. Understanding parents’ perspectives of germline genome sequencing is critical to successful clinical implementation.

Methods

A total of 182 parents of 144 children (<18 years of age) with poor‐prognosis cancers enrolled in the Precision Medicine for Children with Cancer trial completed a questionnaire at enrollment and after the return of their child’s results, including clinically relevant germline findings (received by 13% of parents). Parents’ expectations of germline genome sequencing, return of results preferences, and recall of results received were assessed. Forty‐five parents (of 43 children) were interviewed in depth.

Results

At trial enrollment, most parents (63%) believed it was at least “somewhat likely” that their child would receive a clinically relevant germline finding. Almost all expressed a preference to receive a broad range of germline genomic findings, including variants of uncertain significance (88%). Some (29%) inaccurately recalled receiving a clinically relevant germline finding. Qualitatively, parents expressed confusion and uncertainty after the return of their child’s genome sequencing results by their child’s clinician.

Conclusions

Many parents of children with poor‐prognosis childhood cancer enrolled in a precision medicine trial expect their child may have an underlying cancer predisposition syndrome. They wish to receive a wide scope of information from germline genome sequencing but may feel confused by the reporting of trial results.