bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
MicroRNA-19b-3p suppresses gastric cancer development by negatively regulating Neuropilin-1
Authors: Wei Yingfeng , Guo Sheng , Tang Jianhua , Wen Jianjun , Wang Huifen , Hu Xiaobo , Gu Qiuping
Published: March 2020

Background Gastric cancer (GC) remains one of the most common digestive malignancies worldwide and ranked third causes of cancer-related death. Mounting evidence has revealed that miRNAs exert critical regulatory roles in GC development. Methods Immunohistochemistry (IHC) and western blot assay were performed to determine the protein expression levels of neuropilin-1 (NRP1) and mRNA levels were confirmed by quantitative RT-PCR (qRT-PCR) in GC tissues. Kaplan–Meier analysis was performed to evaluate the prognostic value of NRP1 in GC. Knockdown of NRP1 was conducted to analyse its function in vitro and vivo. Luciferase reporter assay, western blot and qRT-qPCR were employed to identify the miRNAs which directly targeted NRP1. Furthermore, Bioinformatics analysis and experimental verification were used to explore the potential molecular mechanism and signaling pathway. Results In the current study, we revealed that neuropilin-1 (NRP1) was highly expressed in GC tumor tissues and was associated with poor prognosis in GC patients. NRP1 knockdown inhibited GC cell growth, migration and invasion in vitro, while suppressed GC xenograft tumor development in vivo. Bioinformatics analysis predicted that miR-19b-3p down-regulated NRP1 expression by targeting its 3’-UTR. Functional assay demonstrated that miR-19b-3p inhibited GC cell growth, migration and invasion via negatively regulating NRP1. Overexpression NRP1 partially reversed the regulatory effect of miR-19b-3p. Moreover, we showed that miR-19b-3p/NRP1 axis regulated the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and focal adhesion in GC, which might contribute the GC development and progression. Conclusions Taken together, our findings suggest a regulatory network of miR-19b-3p/NRP1 in GC development. The miR-19b-3p/NRP1 axis might be further explored as a potential diagnostic and therapeutic target in GC.
iTRAQ protein profile analysis of leaves and roots of sugar beet (Beta vulgaris) differing in response to salt stress
Authors: Li Junliang , Cui Jie , Cheng Dayou , Dai Cuihong , Liu Tianjiao , Wang Congyu , Luo Chengfei
Published: March 2020

Background

Salinity is one of the most serious threat to agriculture worldwide. Sugar beet is an important sugar-yielding crop and has a certain tolerance to salt. However, the molecular mechanism of salt tolerance in beta vulgaris are poorly understood. Proteomics can provide a new perspective and deeper understanding for the research of beet salt-tolerant.

Results

Here, leaves and roots were used to identify the differentially abundant protein species between salt-stress and control conditions in beta vulgaris. As a result, 70 and 76 DAPs were identified in leaves and roots, respectively. The functions were determined for the classification of the DAPs, mainly involved in cellular processes, environmental information processing, genetic information processing and metabolism. These processes can work cooperatively to reconstruct the favorable equilibrium of physiological and cellular homeostasis under salt stress. Some candidate DAPs are closely related to salt resistance such as choline monooxygenase, betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase, glutathione S-transferase (GST) and F-type H+-transporting ATPase. The expressional pattern of 10 DAPs encoding genes were consistent with the iTRAQ data.

Conclusions

Our results demonstrated that during adaptation of beet to salt stress, leaves and roots have distinct mechanisms of molecular metabolism regulation. This study provided some significative insights into the molecular mechanism underlying the response of higher plant to salt stress, and identified some candidate proteins against salt stress.
Using lipidomics to reveal details of lipid accumulation in developing Siberian apricot (Prunus sibirica L.) seed kernels
Authors: Mai Yiting , Huo Kaisen , Yu Haiyan , Zhou Nan , Shui Lanya , Liu Yang , Wang Nenglong , Zhang Chengxin , Niu Jun , Wang Libing
Published: March 2020

Background The oil content of Siberian apricot seed kernel (SASK) is generally as high as 50%, and biodiesel fuel properties of SASK oil were conformed to EN 14214 and GB/T 20828-2007 standards. Thus, Prunus sibirica is a novel non-crop feedstock for biodiesel production in China. We have been addressing this issue by studying the regulation of oil accumulation in SASK.Results As part of this research we have carried out a detailed lipidomic analysis in developing SASK. Here, oil contents and fatty acid (FA) compositions were studied in developing SASK from AS-80 and AS-84, at intervals of 1 week from 3 weeks after anthesis (WAA) to 9 weeks. The major differences between the two germplasms are higher contents of C18:1 and C18:2 in AS-80 than in AS-84 at a mature stage. The SASKs of 4, 6 and 8 WAA, respectively representing early, mid and late phases of oil accumulation, were selected as optimal samples for lipidomic analysis. The molecular species in individual lipid classes between AS-80 and AS-84 were similar, and exhibited quite distinct patterns with SASK development. Additionally, the lipidomic data coupled with qRT-PCR analysis suggested that three mechanisms allow the flux of FA through phosphatidylcholine that influenced the molecular composition of eventual TAG.Conclusions The first report on lipidomic analysis during seed development in wood oilseed plants. Our data contribute significantly to understand the underlying mechanisms of lipid accumulation in P. sibirica , and may also present strategies for engineering oil accumulation in oilseed plants.
Exploring the Consequences of Teachers’ Self-efficacy: A Case of Teachers of English as a Foreign Language
Authors: Alibakhshi Goudarz , Nikdel Fariborz , Labafi Akram
Published: March 2020

Teacher self-efficacy, as a socio-affective concept, has been abundantly studied in relation to different factors. However, it seems that the consequences of teachers' self-efficacy have not been appropriately explored to the present date. The present study aimed at investigating the consequences of EFL teachers' teaching self-efficacy. In so doing, a qualitative research method was used. The data were collected through semi-structured interviews with 20 EFL teachers who were selected through purposive sampling. The interviews were content analyzed thematically. Findings showed that self-efficacy has three main consequences: pedagogical, learner-related, and psychological. Each of these consequences has several sub-categories. It can be concluded that high self-efficacy affects teachers’ teaching practices, learners’ motivation, and achievement. It also affects teachers’ burn-out status, psychological being, as well as their job satisfaction. The findings can be theoretically and pedagogically important to EFL teachers, teacher-trainers, and administrators of educational settings.
Borneol promotes apoptosis of human glioma cells by regulating mTORC1 / eIF4E / HIF-1a pathway
Authors: wang zeng , Li Qinglin , Xia Liang , Li Xia , Sun Caixing , Wang Qiong , Cai Xinjun , Yang Guonong
Published: March 2020

The main reason for the failure of malignant glioma treatment is local tumor recurrence. Tumor cells in hypoxic microenvironment activate HIF-1 α transcription, and thus promoting tumor invasion and metastasis is one of the important reasons. In our previous study, we clearly established that borneol opens the blood-brain tumor barrier and its related mechanism. However, the effects of borneol on glioma treatment have not yet been elucidated. Therefore, in this study, we evaluated the effects of borneol on cell proliferation and the expression of HIF-1a, mTORC1, eIF4E were by constructing in vivo SD rat brain glioma model and in vitro human primary cultured glioma cell model. Further, we measured the apoptosis effect and mechanism induced by borneol in human primary cultured glioma cells. We found that borneol could induce primary glioma cells apoptosis by suppressing the mTORC1 / eIF4E / HIF-1 α signaling pathway. Further, we also found that borneol could downregulate the expression of Bcl-2 and upregulation the expression of Bax and caspase-3,suggesting that borneol could further regulate the expression of apoptosis-related factors and induce the apoptosis of glioma cells. In conclusion, the findings of the present study suggest that HIF-1α may be a key factor in apoptosis of glioma cells, and mTORC1 / eIF4E / HIF-1a pathway is involved in the apoptosis induced by borneol in malignant glioma. Our results not only reveal the target and molecular mechanism and action of borneol leading to promote apoptosis in glioma cells, but also provide experimental basis and theoretical support for the clinical application of borneol.
UTILIZAÇÃO DE ALGORITMOS DE APRENDIZAGEM DE MÁQUINA NA PREDIÇÃO DE ARBOVIROSES TRANSMITIDAS PELO AEDES AEGYPTI
Authors: Silveira Francisca Raquel de Vasconcelos , Moreira Lina Yara Monteiro Rebouças
Published: March 2020

Doenças de característica endêmica exigem atenção aumentada, pois conseguem disseminar-se com facilidade. A dengue, a chikungunya e a zika são exemplos de doenças com características endêmicas de notificação compulsória agregadas ao Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação (SINAN). Essas doenças têm atingido diversos estados no país, causando epidemias em várias regiões. Diversas iniciativas foram tomadas para conter o avanço do mosquito transmissor dessas doenças, contudo ele se desenvolve rapidamente e, em ambientes favoráveis, se reproduz com facilidade. Uma solução para este problema é o uso de ferramentas inteligentes capazes de auxiliar especialistas em saúde no processo de tomada de decisão no manejo clínico de doenças complexas. Neste contexto, a pesquisa em questão tem como objetivo utilizar algoritmos de aprendizagem de máquina para predizer casos das arboviroses dengue e chikungunya, transmitidas pelo mosquito Aedes aegypti, a partir de características associadas ao paciente, tais como, sintomas, idade, sexo, período dos sintomas, dentre outros. Para a predição, os dados passam por uma etapa de pré-processamento, processamento e análise. Foram utilizados três algoritmos de aprendizagem de máquina para comparação de resultados: J48, Random Forest e Redes Neurais, com o balanceamento de dados através do SMOTE. A partir dos resultados obtidos, é possível evidenciar que o algoritmo Random Forest apresenta melhores resultados se comparados com o demais, alcançando 90,6443% de acurácia e 0,907 de f-measure, sendo, portanto, uma alternativa promissora para a predição de dengue e chikungunya.
Evaluación analítica para la determinación de sulfatos en aguas por método turbidimétrico modificado
Authors: Severiche Carlos A. , González Humberto
Published: March 2020

La meta de un análisis químico de aguas es generar resultados correctos y confiables, siendo la validación de ensayos uno de los aspectos más importantes para conseguir este propósito; además constituye un factor clave para la prestación de servicios analíticos. La determinación de ion sulfato en aguas es una de las metodologías analíticas más discutidas que se conoce en el ámbito científico técnico del análisis de aguas, principalmente, por las desventajas que presentan los métodos aceptados internacionalmente (gravimétrico, turbidimétrico y cromatográfico). En el presente estudio se hizo la evaluación del método analítico turbidimétrico, para la determinación de sulfatos en aguas; el objetivo de este trabajo fue incluir una modificación al método estandarizado y confirmar correctamente la aplicación del método modificado para el análisis de aguas. Se trabajaron muestras de diferentes tipos de agua: potable, residual, superficial, de pozo y de piscina, siguiéndose estrictamente los protocolos de validación. Se encontraron resultados satisfactorios en precisión y exactitud con el fin de emitir resultados confiables y reales de la muestra analizada.
Land-use based modeling approach for determining freshwater nitrate loadings from small agricultural watersheds
Authors: Grizard Pierre , MacQuarrie Kerry T. B. , Jiang Yefang
Published: March 2020

Nitrate released from a variety of land-use activities is a major factor in the degrading conditions observed in many watersheds and estuaries. In this research a spatially lumped model is developed to estimate annual nitrate loads and concentrations from over 100 small watersheds in the Canadian province of Prince Edward Island (PEI). Nitrate source concentrations are associated with major land-use categories, and nitrate attenuation, based on the width of riparian zones, and transport delay due to groundwater residence time are simulated. To investigate the uncertainty of the results, model parameters were selected using a Latin hypercube sampling method. Nitrate concentrations from 12 watersheds were used for model calibration (R2 = 0.91), while 118 other watersheds were used for verification purposes (R2 = 0.82). Overall, the lumped parameter model is shown to be a useful tool for simulating annual nitrate loadings from agricultural watersheds when detailed spatiotemporal agricultural land-use data are available. For PEI the model results indicate that nitrate loadings to estuaries are strongly related to agricultural land, especially the land area in potato production.
Current Status and Challenges in Rotigotine Delivery
Authors: Md Shadab , Karim Shahid , Saker Sanggetha R. , Gie Ooi A. , Hooi Lim C. , Yee Phua H. , Kang Alvin W.C. , Zhe Chen K. , Ian Ng , Aldawsari Hibah M. , Hosny Khaled M. , Alhakamy Nabil A.
Published: March 2020

Rotigotine is a non-ergoline, high lipophilic dopamine agonist. It is indicated as the first-line therapy
for Parkinson's disease (PD) and Restless Leg Syndrome (RLS). However, the precise mechanism of rotigotine is
yet to be known. Rotigotine has similar safety and tolerability to the other oral non-ergolinic dopamine antagonists
in clinical trials, which include nausea, dizziness and somnolence. Neupro® was the first marketed transdermal
patch formulation having rotigotine. The transdermal delivery system is advantageous as it enables continuous
administration of the drug, thus providing steady-state plasma drug concentration for 24-hours. Intranasal
administration of rotigotine allows the drug to bypass the blood-brain barrier enabling it to reach the central nervous
system within minutes. Rotigotine can also be formulated as an extended-release microsphere for injection.
Some challenges remain in other routes of rotigotine administration such as oral, parenteral and pulmonary,
whereby resolving these challenges will be beneficial to patients as they are less invasive and comfortable in
terms of administration. This review compiles recent work on rotigotine delivery, challenges and its future perspective.
Recent Advances of Sulfonylation Reactions in Water
Authors: Wu Li , Peng Lifen , Hu Zhifang , Jiao Yinchun , Tang Zilong
Published: March 2020

Background:

The sulfonyl groups are general structural moieties present in agrochemicals,
pharmaceuticals, and natural products. Recently, many efforts have been focused on developing efficient
procedures for preparation of organic sulfones.

Materials and Methods:

Water, a proton source, is considered one of the most ideal and promising solvents in
organic synthesis for its easy availability, low cost, nontoxic and nonflammable characteristics. From the green
and sustainable point of view, more and more reactions are designed proceeding in water.

Objective:

The review focuses on recent advances of sulfonylation reactions proceeding in water. Sulfonylation
reactions using sodium sulfinates, sulfonyl hydrazides, sulfinic acids, and sulfonyl chlorides as sulfonating
agents were introduced in detail.

Results and Discussion:

In this review, sulfonylation reactions proceeding in water developed in recent four
yields were presented. Sulfonylation reactions using water as solvent have attracted more and more attention
because water is one of the most ideal and promising solvents in organic synthesis for its facile availability,
low cost, nontoxic and nonflammable properties.

Conclusion:

Numerous sulfonating agents such as sodium sulfinates, sulfonyl hydrazides, sulfinic acid,
sulfonyl chlorides and disulfides are efficient for sulfonylation reactions which proceed in water.
Experimental Study of Therapeutic Efficacy of the Topical Preparation «Kourochitin» in Skin Allergy
Authors: Klimovich Anna Anatolievna , Styshova Olga Nikolaevna , Popov Alexander Mikhailovich , Moskvina Tatiana Vladimirovna , Tsybulsky Alexander Vasilevich , Derunov Dmitry Albertovich , Stonik Valentin Aronovich
Published: March 2020

Background:

The researchers of PIBOC RAS developed the dermo-protective topical
drug called «Kourochitin», active substance of which is known quinazoline alkaloid tryptanthrin. In
the present work, therapeutic efficacy of this drug in the treatment of allergic dermatosis was evaluated.

Methods:

Dermo-protective action of «Kourochitin» was studied in tow murine models: 2, 4- dinitrofluorobenzene-
induced allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) and imiquimod-induced psoriasis.

Results and Discussion:

In a model ACD, it was shown that «Kourochitin» exhibits the curative
action on pathophysiological, hematological and immunological parameters in ACD. Namely,
«Kourochitin» 1) reduces the level of erythema in the allergen damaged skin area and increases the
healing index of the epidermis; 2) normalizes the content of eosinophils, basophils and monocytes in
the blood of experimental animals; 3) inhibits the production of main pro-inflammatory cytokines:
interleukins - 1 and 2, interferon-gamma, and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor. In
a murine model of imiquimod-induced psoriasis, it was shown that «Kourochitin» application led to
reduction in psoriasis severity on the inflamed epidermis of experimental animals. Additionally, in
veterinary research, «Kourochitin»-treatment of canine atopic dermatitis almost completely eliminated
signs of allergic manifestations on the epidermis.

Conclusion:

The obtained data suggest that «Kourochitin» as anti-inflammatory, anti-allergic, and
wound healing remedy is a potential drug for therapy of various dermatological diseases, in particular
allergic skin lesions.
Hydrophilic Interaction Chromatography Analysis of Esculin in Ointments with UV Detection
Authors: Abdulla Fatma H. , Rasheed Ashraf Saad
Published: March 2020

Background:

Esculin (ESCN) is used in the pharmaceutical industry with intravenous effect, stimulant and anti-inflammatory capillaries, like vitamin P. It is a significant component of many anti-inflammatory remedies such as esqusan, esflazid and anavenol [14]. It is also found in numerous other remedies available in the market such as proctosone, anustat, and ariproct.

Objective:

To determine experimental conditions, to elucidate retention behavior of esculin in HILIC mode. Moreover, to suggest new ways to separate and determinate esculin in ointments.

Methods:

Two hydrophilic columns were obtained by attaching molecules of sulfobetaine to polystyrene- divinylbenzene particles were studied for chromatographic separation of esculin. The various lengths of the chain are used as an investigative instrument for esculin retention conduct. The change of ACN percentage, buffer concentrations and pH of mobile phase in order to study the retention conduct of esculin.

Results:

A mixed mode hydrophilic interaction and ion exchange is the separation mechanism of esculin. A calibration graph was created for two columns. The concentration range was 8-1200 ng.ml-1, LOD 2.33 and 1.40, RSD% 0.31-1.02, , LOQ 7.07 and 4.25 ng.ml-1, Erel% 0.83 ± 0.68 and 0.545 ± 0.45, Recovery% 100.86 ± 0.68 and 1054 ± 0.45.

Conclusion:

The findings of the current study introduced new ZIC-HILIC methods for the separation and quantitation of esculin.
The Effects of Hydroalcoholic Extract from Alhagi on Matrix Metalloproteinase- 9 Production in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells from Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Ahmadi Mahbouba , Ebrahimi Reyhane , Ansari Mohammad , Akhlaghi Masoumeh , Mahmoudi Mahdi , Amin Gholamreza , Emamgholipour Solaleh
Published: March 2020

Background:

The up-regulation of matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) along with the
imbalanced ratio of MMP-9 to tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1 (TIMP-1) is important in the
pathogenesis of Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA). Here, we investigated whether hydroalcoholic extract
from the root of Alhagi camelorum Fisch can affect the levels of MMP-9 and TIMP-1 in peripheral
blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of RA patients.

Objective:

In the current study, we suggest that Alhagi may have an inhibitory effect on MMP-9
production, which is mainly responsible for joint destruction in RA. In addition, we would like to
stress that our findings, along with others, can provide the basis for future studies, which might help
in determining the role of chemical ingredients of Alhagi as therapeutic targets for RA treatment.

Methods:

PBMCs were isolated from 12 RA patients and 12 healthy subjects and treated with two
concentrations of Alhagi extract (100 and 500 μg/ml) for 24 h. MMP-9 gene expression and protein
production, TIMP-1 levels and nitric oxide (NO) production were evaluated using standard methods.

Results:

Alhagi (500 μg/ml) caused a significant reduction in the expression and activity of MMP-9
in PBMCs from healthy (p=0.003 for both of them) and patient (p= 0.05 and p=0.02 respectively)
subjects. Moreover, Alhagi (100 μg/ml) decreased MMP-9 production in the healthy subjects’ group
(p=0.02).

Conclusion:

The present study reveals the inhibitory effects of Alhagi on the production of MMP-9
as the main responsible cause of joint destruction in RA.
Synthesis and Biological Activity of Some [(5-oxazolyl)-phenyl]-thiourea Derivatives
Authors: Zhong Zhaojin , Xing Guoling , Liu Jun , Zuo Limin , Zheng Zhihui , Li Yuhuan , Huo Ziwei , Gao Rongmei , Li Zhuorong
Published: March 2020

Aims:

Synthesis and biological evaluation of some [(5-oxazolyl)-phenyl]-thiourea derivatives as potential antiviral agents.

Background:

(5-Oxazolyl)-phenyl derivatives were derived from the design of mycophenolic acid structurally related analogues. The (5-oxazolyl)-phenyl fragment is an excellent composition for many novel structure compounds having good pharmaceutical properties, such as immunosuppressive, antiviral and anticancer. In the present study, we present combinations of thiourea group and (5-oxazolyl)-phenyl fragment. The antiviral activity, cytotoxicity and IMPDH activity of the title compounds were evaluated in vitro bioassay.

Objective:

[(5-Oxazolyl)-phenyl]-thiourea derivatives containing different substituted benzene rings were synthesized by introducing thiourea linker. All the synthesized derivatives were screened for their in vitro antiviral evaluation and inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase activity.

Methods:

A series of [(5-oxazolyl)-phenyl]-thiourea derivatives were synthesized by the reaction of thiocarbonyldiimidazole with amines. This was an effective method for introducing the thiourea group in the (5-oxazolyl)-phenyl structure. All of the synthesized derivatives were screened for their in vitro antiviral activity against influenza A virus, coxsackievirus B3, herpes simplex virus type 1 and inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase activity.

Result:

The results of the screening revealed that compounds 4i, 4j, 4k, 7m, 7n and 7o showed comparable activity towards IMPDH as compared to the control drug. Compounds 4k, 4l, 7m and 7n exhibited potent activity towards both RNA virus influenza A virus, coxsackievirus B3 and DNA virus HSV-1 at low micromolar concentrations. The activities of most compounds directly linked to the substituted benzene ring by the thiourea group were superior to those of the compounds which had the methylene linkage.

Conclusion:

The in vitro biological assays indicated that most of target molecules having combinations of thiourea group and (5-oxazolyl)-phenyl fragment exhibited antiviral activity and IMPDH activity compared the control drugs.
Bioprocess Optimization for Exopolysaccharides Production by Ganoderma lucidum in Semi-industrial Scale
Authors: Alsaheb Ramzy Abd , Zjeh Koh Zwin , Malek Roslinda Abd , Abdullah Jaafar Kamil , El Baz Ashraf , El Deeb Nehal , Dailin Daniel , Hanapi Siti Zulaiha , Sukmawati Dalia , El Enshasy Hesham
Published: March 2020

Background:

For many years, Ganoderma was highly considered as biofactory for the
production of different types of bioactive metabolites. Of these bioactive compounds, polysaccharides
gained much attention based on their high biotherapeutic properties. Therefore, special attention
has been paid during the last years for the production of mushrooms bioactive compounds in a
closed cultivation system to shorten the cultivation time and increase the product yield.

Objective:

This work focuses on the development of a simple cultivation strategy for exopolysaccharides
(EPS) production using Ganoderma lucidum and submerged cultivation system.

Results and Discussion:

Therefore, this work is focused on the development of simple cultivation system for exopolysaccharides (EPS) production using Ganoderman lucidum. At first, the best medium supporting EPS production was chosen experimentally from the current published data. Second, like many EPS production process, carbon and nitrogen concentrations were optimized to support the highest production of polysaccharides in shake flask level. Furthermore, the process was scaled up in 16-L stirred tank bioreactor. The results clearly demonstrated that the best cultivation strategy was cultivation under controlled pH condition (pH 5.5). Under this condition the maximal volumetric and specific yield of EPS production were, 5.0 g/L and 0.42 g/g, respectively.

Methods:

For many years, Ganoderma was highly considered as biofactory for the
production of different types of bioactive metabolites. Of these bioactive compounds, polysaccharides
gained much attention based on their high biotherapeutic properties. Therefore, special attention
has been paid during the last years for the production of mushrooms bioactive compounds in a
closed cultivation system to shorten the cultivation time and increase the product yield.

Conclusion:

The current results clearly demonstrates the high potential use of submerged cultivation system as alternative to conventional solid state fermentation for EPS production by G. lucidum. Furthermore, optimization of both carbon and nitrogen sources concentration and scaling up of the process showed significant increase in both volumetric and specific EPS production.
Cross layer security solution for secure communication of sensors in Wireless Sensor Networks
Authors: Saini Rakesh , Kumar Naveen
Published: March 2020

:

Safe direction-finding is extremely necessary for multihop wireless systems such as Wireless Sensor Networks. Multihop wireless systems are more defenseless to safety outbreaks as associated to single stage wireless networks. Cross layer design production a precise significant character for wireless sensor network submissions. Advanced security is actual significant for the achievement of announcement among sensor nodes in wireless sensor network because the numbers composed is regularly slight and the network is mostly susceptible. Numerous Security methods have been suggested to deliver safety resolutions beside numerous extortions to the Cross-layer modification techniques in Wireless sensor network. In this paper we overview the existing schemes for the security of cross-layer design in wireless sensor network. Proposed Security model will provide more security between sensor nodes and base station in wireless sensor network. Security is important for the success of the wireless sensor network because the data collected are often sensitive and the network is particularly vulnerable. In the cross-layer design, constraints are substituted between changed layers to protection well-organized use of energy. In this paper, we propose a secure security model that is based on cross layer design. It uses a cross layer optimization Mechanism. Reproduction consequences confirmation that our proposed safety model can achieve better in many situations and in unfriendly violence-disposed to situation.
Menstrual Cycle Length and Patterns in a Global Cohort of Women Using a Mobile Phone App: Retrospective Cohort Study (Preprint)
Authors: Grieger Jessica A , Norman Robert J
Published: March 2020

BACKGROUND

There is increasing information characterizing menstrual cycle length in women, but less information is available on the potential differences across lifestyle variables.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to describe differences in menstrual cycle length, variability, and menstrual phase across women of different ages and BMI among a global cohort of Flo app users. We have also reported on demographic and lifestyle characteristics across median cycle lengths.

METHODS

The analysis was run based on the aggregated anonymized dataset from a menstrual cycle tracker and ovulation calendar that covers all phases of the reproductive cycle. Self-reported information is documented, including demographics, menstrual flow and cycle length, ovulation information, and reproductive health and diseases. Data from women aged ≥18 years and who had logged at least three cycles (ie, 2 completed cycles and 1 current cycle) in the Flo app were included (1,579,819 women).

RESULTS

Of the 1.5 million users, approximately half (638,683/1,579,819, 40.42%) were aged between 18 and 24 years. Just over half of those reporting BMIs were in the normal range (18.5-24.9 kg/m2; 202,420/356,598, 56.76%) and one-third were overweight or obese (>25 kg/m2; 120,983/356,598, 33.93%). A total of 16.32% (257,889/1,579,819) of women had a 28-day median cycle length. There was a higher percentage of women aged ≥40 years who had a 27-day median cycle length than those aged between 18 and 24 years (22,294/120,612, 18.48% vs 60,870/637,601, 9.55%), but a lower percentage with a 29-day median cycle length (10,572/120,612, 8.77% vs 79,626/637,601, 12.49%). There were a higher number of cycles with short luteal phases in younger women, whereas women aged ≥40 years had a higher number of cycles with longer luteal phases. Median menstrual cycle length and the length of the follicular and luteal phases were not remarkably different with increasing BMI, except for the heaviest women at a BMI of ≥50 kg/m2.

CONCLUSIONS

On a global scale, we have provided extensive evidence on the characteristics of women and their menstrual cycle length and patterns across different age and BMI groups. This information is necessary to support updates of current clinical guidelines around menstrual cycle length and patterns for clinical use in fertility programs.
Health professionals attitude, willingness to use mobile health technology and its associated factors in Dessie town public health facilities, northeast, Ethiopia : a cross sectional study design (Preprint)
Authors: Kassie Amare , Jemere Adamu , Shiferaw Atsede
Published: March 2020

BACKGROUND

Background: The improved telecommunication infrastructure and reduced device costs in developing countries, including in Ethiopia increases the mobile phone penetration significantly. Nowadays, digitization of information to improve the access, quality and equity of health services becomes increasing important. However, resistance to use mobile technology for improving the health service among health professionals remains the problem in the health care system.

OBJECTIVE

Objective: This study aimed to determine the attitude and willingness to use mobile health technology and its associated factors among health professional in Dessie town public health facilities northeast, Ethiopia.

METHODS

Methods: A facility based cross-sectional study was conducted from March to April, 2016 in Dassie town of public health facilities, Northeast Ethiopia. A total of 422 health professionals who were working at public health facilities were selected using the proportionate probability sampling technique. Data collected using a standard structured and self-administered questionnaire, and an observational checklist were cleaned, coded, and entered into Epi-info version 7.2.1, and transferred into SPSS version 20 for further statistical analysis. Variables with a p-value of less than 0.05 at the multiple logistic regression analysis were considered as statistically significant.

RESULTS

Result: In this study, attitude and willingness to use mHealth among health professionals were found to be76.5% and 80.1%, respectively. In multivariable logistic regression analysis, health professionals’ age ranged from 20-29 years [AOR= 2.50, 95% CI: 1.22, 5.12], being male [AOR = 2.73, 95% CI: 1.46, 5.09], had access to internet [AOR=3. 51, 95% CI: 1.55, 7.96], and prior use of mobile phone for expected date of delivery (EDD) and for pulse rate monitoring were significantly associated with the attitude to use mHealth. While, willingness to use the technology was significantly associated with access to the internet [AOR=3. 92, 95% CI: 1.67, 9.16], prior mobile phone use of for diagnosis [AOR= 2.84, 95%CI: 1.35, 5.95], EDD calculation [AOR =2. 72, 95% CI: 1.23, 6.03] and pulse rate monitoring [AOR=2. 68, 95% CI: 1.28, 5.59].

CONCLUSIONS

Conclusions: Health professional’s attitude and willingness to use mHealth were low when compared to previous studies. Access to internet, previous use of mobile phone for health services such as for pulse rate monitoring and for calculating date of delivery, younger age (20-29 years) and being male were among the reported significant variables. Therefore, motivating health professional to use the mobile phone to improve health services and working to access free internet at the health facilities are highly recommended.
EFFECT OF POTASH ADMINISTRATION ON THE BODY WEIGHT OF PREGNANT WISTAR RATS
Authors: VIDONA WB  , ADUEMA WADIONI  , AKUNNEH-WARISO C  , AMAH AK
Published: March 2020

Objective: Potash known as potassium carbonate (K2CO3) is a mixture of salt with other components, including impurities which coexist in mineral and salt is highly consumed in various forms by pregnant women. The aim of this research is to determine the effect of potash on the weight index of pregnant Wistar rats.

Methods: A total of 25 albino Wistar rat with weights ranging from 180 to 300 g were used and allocated into five groups of five animals each (four females and one male) designated as Groups A, B, C, D, and E. The experimental Groups B, C, D, and E were administered through oral route different doses of potash of 300 mg/kg, 600 mg/kg, 900 mg/kg, and 1200 mg/kg, respectively, after pregnancy was detected by checking for mucus plug in the vagina. Group A served as the control group and was administered distilled water only. The animals were allowed for 1 week for acclimatization under normal temperature (270–300°C), which they were being fed with normal feed (grower’s mash) and water ad libitum for 1 week.

Results: The result showed a significant (p˂0.05) reduction in weight with the highest level seen with the 1200 mg/kg group when compared to the control.

Conclusion: Therefore, the effect of potash alters the physical activity and decreases weight, by implication may induce growth retardation of the Wistar rats which is not healthy for a pregnant animal.
Искусственный интеллект и рентабельность как движущие факторы развития САПР
Authors: Макушин М. , Фомина А.
Published: March 2020

Применение инструментальных средств САПР – один из ключевых факторов совершенствования ИС и обеспечения их дальнейшего масштабирования. Именно от них во многом зависит ускорение вывода на рынок новой продукции благодаря сокращению цикла разработки. К основным факторам развития САПР относятся рентабельность и искусственный интеллект.
Совершенствование нормативно-правовой базы в области метрологической экспертизы
Authors: Быканов В.В.
Published: March 2020

Всемирный день метрологии отмечается 20 мая. Эта дата напоминает нам, что вся деятельность человека тесно связана с измерением физических величин, необходимых в качестве исходной информации для управления процессами, проектирования, принятия решений. Без точных измерений невозможно представить создание инновационных продуктов в области техники и технологий. О нормативно-правовой базе в области метрологической экспертизы (МЭ), трудностях на пути реализации метрологических
интересов, определяющей роли метрологии в обеспечении качества на всех этапах жизненного цикла электронной компонентной базы рассказал руководитель отдела обеспечения единства измерений ФГУП «МНИИРИП», к. т. н., с. н. с. Владимир Васильевич Быканов.
Функции безопасности – важнейший элемент микроконтроллеров для IoT
Authors: Ван П.
Published: March 2020

Рассказывает вице-президент компании Nuvoton П. Ван
Компания Nuvoton Technology, образованная в 2008 году как спин-офф Winbond и унаследовавшая от своей родительской компании множество решений в том числе в области микроконтроллеров, постоянно дополняет ассортимент своей продукции новыми компонентами и решениями, благодаря чему изделия Nuvoton находят широкое применение в вычислительной технике, потребительской, промышленной электронике и других областях. Кроме того, компания обладает собственным кристальным производством и предлагает услуги фаундри. Очевидно, компания, одним из ключевых
видов продукции которой являются микроконтроллеры, не может оставаться в стороне от такого тренда, как Интернет вещей. Это направление предъявляет свои специфические требования к устройствам в целом и микроконтроллерам в частности. О том, как решения Nuvoton отвечают этим требованиям, а также о перспективах, которые видит для себя компания на российском рынке, на выставке electronica 2018, прошедшей в Мюнхене в ноябре прошлого года, нам рассказал Патрик Ван (Patrick Wang), вице-президент компании Nuvoton.
Характеристики надежности современных ПЛИС
Authors: Строганов А.
Published: March 2020

В статье рассмотрена методика расчета экспериментальной интенсивности отказов ПЛИС с использованием статистики хи-квадрат, а также влияние сбоев, вызванных ионизирующим излучением, на характеристики надежности современных ПЛИС, выпускаемых по нанометровым проектным нормам.
Создание многофункциональной и мультипроектной платформы прототипирования на базе комплекта HAPS компании Synopsys. Часть 1
Authors: Фролова С. , Путря Ф.
Published: March 2020

Стадия прототипирования систем-на-кристалле (СнК) имеет важное значение в проектировании СнК. Проблемы, с которыми сталкиваются многие пользователи при отладке своих проектов, могут быть решены путем определения стратегии отладки и созданием на ее основе необходимой платформы прототипирования. В статье рассказывается об опыте АО НПЦ «ЭЛВИС» разработки такой платформы на базе комплекта HAPS (High-performance ASIC Prototyping Systems) компании Synopsys.
Снижение помех в синхронных понижающих преобразователях с помощью дополнительного диода Шоттки на примере ADP2443 от компании Analog Devices
Authors: Досталь Ф.
Published: March 2020

В статье описан способ минимизации помех в схеме синхронного понижающего преобразователя, построенного на основе импульсного стабилизатора ADP2443 от компании Analog Devices.
Решения Mentor, a Siemens Business для проектирования ИС и печатных плат
Authors: Лобзов Д. , Лохов А.
Published: March 2020

Часть 1
В статье приведены краткие сведения обо всех средствах проектирования ИС и печатных плат, выпускаемых компанией Mentor Graphics. В первой части представлены инструменты проектирования, моделирования и верификации цифровых, аналоговых и аналого-цифровых ИС.
Особенности применения коаксиально-микрополосковых переходов для поверхностного монтажа типа SMP
Authors: Доцник С. , Ефремова А.
Published: March 2020

Рассматриваются некоторые технические аспекты применения и измерения параметров СВЧ коаксиально-микрополосковых переходов для поверхностного монтажа на примере соединителя, выпускаемого АО «Иркутский релейный завод».
МНОГОКАНАЛЬНЫЙ ИЗМЕРИТЕЛЬНЫЙ КОМПЛЕКС НА БАЗЕ МАЛОГАБАРИТНЫХ СПЕКТРОМЕТРОВ ВЫСОКОГО РАЗРЕШЕНИЯ
Authors: Лапшинов Б. , Тимченко Н.
Published: March 2020

Исследование современных плазменных технологий требует разработки новых измерительных процессов. Предлагаемый многоканальный измерительный комплекс на базе малогабаритных спектрометров позволяет проводить спектральные исследования как стационарных, так и быстропротекающих процессов с нестационарной температурой.
Корпуса для микросборок компании АО «ЗПП»
Authors: Ногаев Н.
Published: March 2020

Рассмотрены корпуса для микросборок компании АО «ЗПП». Отмечено, что на сегодняшний день АО «ЗПП» уже разработало и производит несколько типоразмеров корпусов для микросборок и намерено продолжать развитие в данном направлении.
Гетерогенная интеграция с помощью групповой сварки кристалл-пластина – эффективный подход к 3D-интеграции микросхем
Authors: Суханов Д. , Команов В.
Published: March 2020

Рассмотрен процесс групповой сварки кристалл-пластина. Отмечено, что данный процесс обеспечивает высокую производительность при сохранении сложности сварочного оборудования для пластин на приемлемом уровне и является универсально подходящим для известных и перспективных задач гетерогенной интеграции.
Выявление контрафактной продукции в области микроэлектроники
Authors: Гребенщиков П.
Published: March 2020

Объем контрафакта в микроэлектронной промышленности постоянно растет, из-за чего производители электроники теряют десятки миллиардов долларов ежегодно. В статье рассмотрены виды контрафактной продукции и основные методы ее обнаружения.
Правовое регулирование беспилотного транспорта
Authors: Ковалевский Ю.
Published: March 2020

Совместное заседание Секции ОПК и Рабочей группы по законодательному обеспечению государственной военной авиации и авиастроительного комплекса Экспертного совета Комитета СФ по обороне и безопасности
ИЗДЕЛИЯ ИЗ КЕРАМИКИ НА ОСНОВЕ ОКСИДА АЛЮМИНИЯ, НИТРИДА АЛЮМИНИЯ И ОКСИДА БЕРИЛЛИЯ ОТ АО «ТЕСТПРИБОР»
Authors: Щербина А. , Федорович Л.
Published: March 2020

В статье рассмотрены однослойные и многослойные керамические печатные платы и подложки на основе оксида алюминия, нитрида алюминия и оксида бериллия от АО «ТЕСТПРИБОР». Они обеспечивают высокую надежность различных изделий, в частности мощных РЧ- и СВЧ передатчиков, силовых транзисторов и преобразователей, в условиях больших токов и высоких температур.
СРАВНИТЕЛЬНЫЕ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКИ ОТЕЧЕСТВЕННЫХ И ИМПОРТНЫХ ВЛАГОЗАЩИТНЫХ ПОКРЫТИЙ
Authors: Левкина Н. , Медведев А.
Published: March 2020

В статье приводится сравнительная характеристика основных типов отечественных и зарубежных покрытий, наиболее часто применяемых в российской электронной промышленности.
КОНТАКТНЫЕ УСТРОЙСТВА АО «ЗПП» ДЛЯ ЭКБ ОТЕЧЕСТВЕННОГО И ИМПОРТНОГО ПРОИЗВОДСТВА
Authors: Грибин А.
Published: March 2020

Рассмотрены контактные устройства для тестирования электронной компонентной базы (ЭКБ) отечественного и импортного производства, выпускаемые акционерным обществом «Завод полупроводниковых приборов» (АО «ЗПП»). Отмечены основные особенности контактных устройств различного типа.
Устранение недобросовестных практик при закупке радиоэлектронной продукции гражданского назначения
Authors: Брыкин А.
Published: March 2020

В статье рассматриваются проблемы формирования внутренних рынков и защиты отечественных производителей в том числе при осуществлении закупок гражданской радиоэлектронной продукции государственными организациями и компаниями с государственным участием. Приводятся предложения, которые могут переломить сложившуюся негативную практику, идущую в разрез с планами по гражданской диверсификации и развитию отечественной радиоэлектронной отрасли.
НАГРЕВАТЕЛИ ВОЗДУХА НА БАЗЕ ПОЗИСТОРОВ
Authors: Гужкова Т. , Раскин А.
Published: March 2020

Основная продукция ОАО «ВЗРД «Монолит» (Беларусь, г. Витебск) – многослойные керамические конденсаторы категорий качества «ВП», «ОС», «ОСМ». Эти компоненты поставляются многим радиоэлектронным предприятиям России и используются в военной, авиационной, космической, атомной и другой специальной аппаратуре. В рамках конверсии ОАО «ВЗРД «Монолит» создал импортозамещающее производство воздухонагревательных устройств.
КОНДЕНСАТОРЫ ПЕРЕМЕННОЙ ЕМКОСТИ. Часть 2
Authors: Кочемасов В. , Хорев С.
Published: March 2020

Рассмотрены конденсаторы переменной емкости. Приведена информация об особенностях, характеристиках и производителях различных типов таких устройств.
КЛЮЧЕВЫЕ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКИ ИЗОЛИРОВАННЫХ ДРАЙВЕРОВ ЗАТВОРА МОЩНЫХ ТРАНЗИСТОРОВ
Authors: Брэнд Т.
Published: March 2020

При выборе драйвера затвора следует учитывать ряд важных характеристик. В статье рассматриваются особенности изолированного драйвера затвора ADuM4135 от компании Analog Devices, который обеспечивает оптимальное решение с точки зрения минимизации потерь, нагрузочной способности выхода, напряжения пробоя изоляции и помехоустойчивости.
ПРАКТИЧЕСКИЙ ПОДХОД К ПРОЕКТИРОВАНИЮ ЗАКАЗНЫХ SMT КОРПУСОВ ДЛЯ ИС МИЛЛИМЕТРОВОГО ДИАПАЗОНА ДЛИН ВОЛН
Authors: Гомес-Дуарте К. , Лезинов А.
Published: March 2020

При разработки высокочастотных систем одной из важнейших проблем является технология корпусирования радиочастотных компонентов. В статье рассмотрены ключевые аспекты проектирования заказных SMT корпусов, позволяющих обеспечить высокие характеристики ИС с рабочей частотой до 50 ГГц.
Шумовые свойства и параметры сигналов в головной части канала считывающей электроники для кремниевых детекторов
Authors: Воронин А.
Published: March 2020

Шумовые свойства канала считывающей электроники для кремниевых детекторов – определяющий фактор при измерениях характеристик импульсов в канале. В статье рассмотрены шумовые свойства кремниевого детектора, источники шумов и параметры сигналов головной части считывающей электроники, даны рекомендации по реализации схемных решений.
Выбор технологии для корпусирования радиационно-стойкой мемристорной памяти
Authors: Жалнин В. , Трифонов А. , Цивинская Т.
Published: March 2020

На основе анализа факторов, определяющих механическую прочность и радиационную стойкость мемристорных структур, показана целесообразность выбора технологии LTCC для создания микросборки модуля системы хранения данных. Описана конструкция микросборки и некоторые особенности материалов и технологических процессов, влияющие на радиационную стойкость.
Современные тенденции развития конденсаторов
Authors: Макушин М. , Черепанов И.
Published: March 2020

Общими тенденциями развития конденсаторов является уменьшение размеров, обеспечиваемое использованием суперматериалов и супертехнологий, расширение диапазона параметров, увеличение устойчивости к жестким условиям окружающей среды и долговечности. Отмечается перспективность многослойных керамических конденсаторов (MLCC) для поверхностного монтажа.
Инструмент физической верификации нового поколения IC Va lidator NXT
Authors: Розе К. , Радченко Д.
Published: March 2020

Рассматриваются новые возможности инструмента физической верификации проектов ИС и СнК IC V alidator NXT компании Synopsys для повышения эффективности данного процесса и ускорения передачи проекта на изготовление на фабрику.
Где заказать проектирование печатных плат – фриланс или дизайн-центр?
Authors: Грихин М.
Published: March 2020

Описаны характерные черты трудовой деятельности, определяющие ее как фриланс. Проведен анализ преимуществ и недостатков заказа трассировки печатной платы фрилансеру в сравнении с возможностями, которыми располагает для аналогичной работы специализированный дизайн-центр.
Проблемы оптимизации цепочек поставок подрядчиков Пентагона
Authors: Макушин М. , Фомина А.
Published: March 2020

Рассматривается практика подрядчиков МО США по оптимизации цепочек поставок, трансформационный подход консалтинговой фирмы Boston Consulting Group и планы ВВС США по совершенствованию закупочно-эксплуатационной деятельности.
Датчики Texas Instruments: эффективные решения для всех видов измерений
Authors: Садеков Д. , Ежов В.
Published: March 2020

Texas Instruments – одна из ведущих компаний в области разработки и производства датчиков. В статье представлен обзор основных типов датчиков TI для промышленного применения, новинок компании, выпущенных в последнее время, а также примеры решений на их основе.