bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The End of Publicness?
Authors: Anderson Stuart
Published: September 2014

When Wallace Sayre declared that ‘public and private organizations are alike in all unimportant respects' a quest began to establish the truth or otherwise of this assertion. Researchers have been investigating the topic for over sixty years. They have focused on two key questions; what is meant by a public or private organization? And what constitute ‘important respects' and ‘unimportant respects' respectively? This paper reviews current evidence relating to the testing of Sayre's statement, focusing on the healthcare sector. It is concluded that research has failed to provide unequivocal evidence that particular aspects of publicness impact aspects of organizational performance in particular ways. Sayre got it wrong; public and private organizations are alike in all important respects. It is argued that it is time to call a halt to publicness studies; what matters is management and organization, and it is on these issues that public organization researchers should now concentrate.
Simulation and Visualization of Concept Algebra in MATLAB
Authors: Lin Xiaoyu , Wang Yingxu
Published: September 2014

Concept algebra (CA) is a denotational mathematics for formal knowledge manipulation and natural language processing. In order to explicitly demonstrate the mathematical models of formal concepts and their algebraic operations in CA, a simulation and visualization software is developed in the MATLAB environment known as the Visual Simulator of Concept Algebra (VSCA). This paper presents the design and implementation of VSCA and the theories underpinning its development. Visual simulations for the sets of reproductive and compositional operations of CA are demonstrated by real-world examples throughout the elaborations of CA and VSCA.
Influence of Citric Acid and Curing Time on Water Uptake
Authors: Izhar Sohibatul Muizzah Mohamad , Ku Shaari Ku Zilati , Man Zakaria , Samsudin Yon Norasyikin
Published: September 2014

Starch is highly promising biopolymer for the production of packaging material since it gives ﬁlms a good tensile and gas barrier properties. However, non-plasticized starch ﬁlms are brittle and their hydrophilic character results in poor moisture barrier properties and high water sensitivity. In order to improve ﬁlms formation and material properties of starch, plasticization and chemical modiﬁcation such as cross-linking of the starch is required. The cross-linking reaction able to improve thermal stability, tensile strength and decreased the dissolution of starch films in water and formic acid. From the study, the percentage of water uptake reduced when the blending ratio of citric acid increased.The percentage of water uptake highly affected by curing time compared to blending ratio. Increasing the curing time from 1 hour to 2 hour significantly reduced the percentage of water uptake. At 4 hour curing time, the percentage water uptake reached equilibrium faster than 3 hour curing time. This shows that more citric acid molecules were chemically bonded with the starch chains, resulting in higher cross link degree and thus, reduced the percentage of water uptake.
Biodiesel Production from the High Free Fatty Acid “Hevea brasiliensis” and Fuel Properties Characterization
Authors: Ahmad Junaid , Yusup Suzana , Bokhari Awais , Kamil Ruzaimah Nik Mohammad
Published: September 2014

Energy crises, depletion of fossil fuel reservoirs, environmental pollution, global warming, green house effect and starvation are becoming very serious problems in the modern world. Biodiesel is a liquid fuel which can be the best alternative for the fossil fuels. In this study, non-edible rubber seed oil (RSO) with high free fatty acid (FFA) content (45%) was used for the production of biodiesel. The process comprises of two steps, in the first step acid esterification was used to reduce the FFA and in the second step base transesterification was employed to convert the treated oil into rubber seed oil methyl esters (RSOMEs). The conversion yield of biodiesel was analyzed using gas chromatography. The fuel properties were tested using the standard procedure of ASTM D6751 and EN14214. All the properties were within the ranges of the biodiesel standards. The result shows that rubber seed oil is a potential non-edible source for biodiesel production.
Networking Agglomeration Effect of E-Commerce Platform in Industry Clusters
Authors: Ren Zong Qiang , Zhang Hong Bin
Published: September 2014

Agglomeration effect of e-commerce platform based on industry clusters is demonstrated from locus of social networks with Ucinet 6.0. An industry zone of electrical manufacturing districts in China is investigated to describe the evolution of structure based on e-commerce platform from emergence to aggregation. The result shows that based on e-commerce platform, small world features of industry clusters are obvious with shorter distance and higher clustering coefficient, and resources flow and configuration is faster than before. E-commerce platform can diversify the nature of clustering with high heterogeneity and betweenness. However, the sharply increased network centralization would indicate control advantages for third-party of e-commerce firms, even monopoly.
On Analysis and Judgment of Balance for Boolean Functions by E-Derivative
Authors: Huang Jing Lian , Li Su Duo , Liu Yong , Deng Ke Yan
Published: September 2014

Using the derivative of the Boolean function and the e-derivative defined by ourselves as research tools and deeply into the internal structure of Boolean, we study the issues of the analysis and judgment of balance for Boolean functions. We get that the linear functions and the nonzero derivative of the product of two linear functions are balanced functions, and the product of two linear functions are not balanced functions. We also obtain the quadratic homogeneous Booleans are not all balanced function. Besides, we deduce the theorem which determine the sum of linear function and balanced function whether it is a balanced function. What is more, the features of balance of Boolean functions can be reflected easily and effectively by e-derivative.
Security Control for TVOS
Authors: Wang Xin , Chen De Lin , Sun Yue , Wang Xu , Yao Su Ying
Published: September 2014

Smart TV terminals have become an emerging platform for both personal and business application. Security for applications running on smart TV terminals is important .In this paper we present TVOS, a new OS for enabling high assurance applications to run on smart TV terminal securely. Our main contributions are a new OS architecture and our use of formal methods for proving key security invariants about our implementation. As an operating system, TVOS is still relatively young. To analyze its security and tested its performance. Our evaluation shows that the performance of TVOS is comparable to an Android-based system. In one test, we ran the same web browser on TVOS and on an Android-based system and found that TVOS adds overhead on average to the page load latency time for nine popular web sites.
Infant Pain Detection with Homomorphic Filter and Fuzzy k-NN Classifier
Authors: Mansor Muhammad Naufal , Junoh Ahmad Kadri , Ahmed Amran , Kamarudin Hussin , Idris Azrini
Published: September 2014

Newborn pain is a non-stationary made by babies in reaction to certain circumstances. This infant facial expression can be used to recognize physical or psychology condition of newborn. The goal of this study is to evaluate the performance of illumination levels for infant pain classification. Local Binary Pattern (LBP) features are computed at Fuzzy k-NN classifier. Eight different performance measurements such as Sensitivity, Specificity, Accuracy, Area under Curve (AUC), Cohen's kappa (k), Precession, F-Measure and Time Consumption are performed. Fuzzy k-NN classifier is employed to classify the newborn pain. The outcomes accentuated that the suggested features and classification algorithms can be employed to assist the medical professionals for diagnosing pathological condition of newborn pain.
A Novel Flow Regime Identification Based on PCA Feature Extraction and ELM Networks in ERT System
Authors: Zhang Yan Jun
Published: September 2014

Two-phase flow exists widely in industrial production process. On-line intelligent identification of flow parameters plays an increasingly important role in the industrial production safety. Among flow parameters, the identification of flow regimes is especially important and valuable for industrial processes control. To satisfy the on-line identification, it is necessary to reduce time consuming in training and recognition phase. In the paper, the parameters measurements are implemented in Electrical resistance tomography (ERT), which is a process tomography technology based on electrical resistance sensing mechanism. A new identification method is proposed using PCA feature extraction and Extreme learning neural networks. Simulation was carried out for typical flow regimes core flow, laminar flow, circulation flow and trickle flow. The results show its feasibility. In order to prove its advantage in improving speed, running time using back propagation and support vector machine algorithms are compared with extreme learning machine. The experiments results indicate that this method significant reduces time consuming in training phase.
Effect of pH on Four Defluoridation Adsorbents under Natural High Fluoride Groundwater
Authors: Li Lian Xiang , Xu Di , Cheng Xian Jun , Sun Rui Gang , Li Xiao Qin
Published: September 2014

Appropriate drinking water defluoridation technology is urgently needed in china, which has a wide fluoride-rich area. The adsorption defluoridation method in the industrial high fluoride wastewater treatment is generally considered to be efficient and economic. However, the practical application of the method is not ideal in obtaining drinking water defluoridation. Four representative adsorbents activated alumina, activated zeolite, hydroxyapatite and hydrous zirconium oxide have been tested in terms of defluoridation efficiency under natural high fluoride groundwater and compared to clarify existing problems of adsorption methods. Results show that pH significantly affected adsorption efficiency. The adsorbents have low adsorption capacity under natural high fluoride groundwater and can achieve good adsorption effect under acidic conditions. However, in adjusting the water to the appropriate pH range, the adsorption method loses its advantages of convenience and affordability. Therefore, any adsorbent should be tested with actual field waters before designing filed application systems. Further research is also warranted in evaluating the field performance and the economic acceptance of the proposed method.
Comparative Research Transient Air-Fuel Ratio Control Strategy Based on Fuzzy Control and Neural Network
Authors: Wu Long , Liu Jian Jun
Published: September 2014

Due to engine performance, fuel economy and emission performance are closely related with its transient air-fuel ratio, so the research of the engine air-fuel ratio control strategy is particularly important. The control strategies for neural network control, fuzzy control are introduced systemically, which can be well applied to the complicated nonlinear control system. The analysis compares the different control strategies in the role of air-fuel ratio control system, the transient air-fuel ratio control for the future to provide certain reference basis.
Strict Practical Stability for Discrete Hybrid Systems in Terms of Two Measures
Authors: Sun Shu Rong , Chen Wei Song , Zhao Yan , Han Zhen Lai
Published: September 2014

In this paper, we study the strict practical stability for the discrete hybrid systems in terms of two measures. Using Lyapunov-like functions, we obtain some comparison theorems first and then by them get a sufficient condition on the strict practical stability of the hybrid system.
Immune-Based Systems on Network Security Situation Awareness and Risk Prediction Model
Authors: Yang Jin , Li Yun Jie , Li Qin
Published: September 2014

In this paper, the process of the developments and changes of the network intrusion behaviors were analyzed. An improved epidemic spreading model was proposed to study the mechanisms of aggressive behaviors spreading, to predict the future course of an outbreak and to evaluate strategies to control a network epidemic. Based on Artificial Immune Systems, the concepts and formal definitions of immune cells were given. And in this paper, the forecasting algorithm based on Markov chain theory was proposed to improve the precision of network risk forecasting. The data of the Memory cells were analyzed directly and kinds of state-spaces were formed, which can be used to predict the risk of network situation by analyzing the cells status and the classification of optimal state. Experimental results show that the proposed model has the features of real-time processing for network situation awareness.
Effects of Soybean Antioxidant Peptides (SAP) on SOD, GSH-Px, CAT Activity and MDA Level in Vivo
Authors: Wang Jia , Yang Rui Wen , Liu Jing Bo , Lin Song Yi
Published: September 2014

The superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and catalase (CAT) are important ones of antioxidant defense systems. Malonaldehyde (MDA) is formed as an end product of lipid peroxidation. Soybean peptides possess antioxidant activity. In previous study, the antioxidant activities of soybean peptides were determined in vitro. The male ICR mice were intragastrically administered by different molecular weight and dose of soybean antioxidant peptides (SAP) for 60 days. Control group was treated with saline by intragastric administration for 60 days. The SOD, GSH-Px, CAT activity and MDA level were determined in serum. The results suggested the SAP of 1-3k Da had the ability to increase significantly GSH-Px and SOD activity and decrease significantly MDA level at different dose (100 and 200 mg/kg/d) compared with control group (P < 0.05). The SAP of 3-10k Da (200 mg/kg/d) enhanced the GSH-Px activity and decreased significantly MDA level compared with the control group (P < 0.05). The SAP of 10-30k Da (200 mg/kg/d) had the lowest MDA level among all the groups. All the SAP groups and positive control group cannot increase the CAT activity.
Testing Methods Selection for X-Ray Radiation Performance Index of Micro-Dose X-Ray Transmission Body Scanner
Authors: Liu Cai Xia
Published: September 2014

The public security industry standard “Generaltechnicalrequirementsformicro-doseX-raytransmissionbodyscanner” (GA 926-2011) was released in March 25, 2011 and was formally implemented in July 1, 2011.The X-rayradiationperformanceindex of micro-dose X-ray transmission body scanner includes DosePerInspection and LeakageRadiationRate. The standard requires that DosePerInspection should be tested by ionization dosimeter. However, it doesn't specify which kind of equipment should be used to test LeakageRadiationRate, and only requires a high sensitivity dosimeter. Therefore it is necessary to synthetically consider numerical features and test accuracy requirements, select appropriate test methods and test equipments. RadiographMethod,IonizationDetectionMethod, ScintillationDetectionMethod and SemiconductorDetectionMethod are analysed and compared from the detection principle, the advantages and disadvantages,
IonizationChamberDosimeter was selected to test DosePerInspection, ScintillationDetectionMethod was selected to test LeakageRadiationRate.
Based on the Optimize Design of C/S Framework Automation System of Power Plant and Substation
Authors: Zhang Wu Yang , Wang Ying Ming , Zhang Yan Peng
Published: September 2014

Contrapose the difficulties of C/S (client/server) framework redundant switching, the great quantity of synchronic data, heavy load of the network, needs to be updated shock, etc, based on the working mode and characteristic of C/S framework Power plant and substation automation system to conduct in-depth analysis, an optimized design scheme of C/S framework automation system of Power plant and substation was proposed.
On Robust Control System to Controlled Object of Large Change
Authors: Chen Ya Hong , Han Zhong Xu
Published: September 2014

Boiler steam temperature controlled object has characteristics of full scope nonlinear and time-variable, which bring more difficulties in modeling and designing control systems. Adopting Jordan block in broad sense and algebra equivalence transform method, the description of transfer functions paragraphed can be transformed into that of state-space with changeable parameters. The researches on steady robustness of three tipical control systems shows that: to the high order inertia nonlinear and time-variable controlled object described by the same set of transfer functions, theLuenbergerfunction observer established according to its any algebra equivalence state-space description, there exists a solve matrixwith order satisfy theSylvestermatrix equation under some conditions. There presents sufficient conditions to full scope asymptotically stable of three types boiler steam temperature control systems and the regulators’ steady work points. The simulation tests and engineering practices prove the correctness of theoretical analysis and steady robustness of the systems.
Research on Output Current Sharing and Synchronous Start-Up in Parallel Power Supply Modules
Authors: Huang Chao , Liao Jian Jun , Yu Hai Sheng
Published: September 2014

With the development of the distributed power system, the paralleled switching mode power supplies are becoming more and more important for large current load. However, paralleled system usually requires load sharing to equalize stresses, and while a lot of techniques have been used, there are many compromises between complexity and performance. This paper introduces the superiority of the power supply modules in parallel, discusses both the advantages and disadvantages of the usual current sharing methods. Finally, some suggestions to enhance redundancy and reliability for current sharing modules have been proposed.
Application of Improved LEC Method in the Construction of Water Conservancy Project Hazard Evaluation
Authors: Yang Zhe , Feng Li Jun
Published: September 2014

This paper based on the characteristic of large scale、more Individual project、Operation difficulty in water conservancy and Hydropower Engineering,make a improvement of the original LEC method in order to get the purpose of reduce the risk coefficient. The results show that:the results of the improved LEC method in this paper is more simple and more accurate than the original improved LEC method. Accurate estimation of hazard levels not only can be appropriate to reduce the budget of production units in the construction safety,but also means that the increase of enterprise benefit and social benefit.
The Application of New Material Development and Research in the Badminton Lines
Authors: Wen Bing Shuai
Published: September 2014

This article through to the mainstream of six kind of strings on the market through instrument to proceed comparison test. The experimental results show that between domestic and foreign badminton lines, there is an obvious gap on elasticity, wear resistance, shock resistance, resistance to fracture. After comprehensive the above several factors comparison,the overall price ratio is lower and difficult to meet the needs of the professional athletes. Suggestions: in our country's sports industry, strengthen the badminton equipment research and development investment, policy support, strengthen the construction of material research team and precision instrument hardware research and development, etc.
Prediction of Plastic Injection Shrinkage Ratio Using Grey Theory
Authors: Nie Wen Zhong , Shi Tai Pan
Published: September 2014

The simulation method of the article is based on the analysis of injection molding software MPI and grey system simulation method. The basic model of injection molding parameters are mold temperature, melt temperature and dwell time. So it gets technological parameter of volumetric shrinkage ratio with having been selected point. It comes to the value of simulation with using grey system GM (1, 1) and comparing the value with the measure value. It shows that the volume shrinkage rate which is obtained by using MPI simulation and by using GM (1, 1) grey prediction is consistent and the errors are within 2.2% after comparison. The conclusion is that using grey system GM (1, 1) can effectively predict the volume of injection plastic shrinkage rate and its change trend.
Modelling of Non-Isothermal Salt Transport and Crystallization in Historic Masonry
Authors: Castellazzi Giovanni , de Miranda Stefano , Grementieri Lisa , Molari Luisa , Ubertini Francesco
Published: September 2014

Damp rising, salt transport and salt crystallization have a great influence on the degradation process of historic masonry. In this framework, the present paper aims at highlighting the role of temperature in modelling and simulation of the whole phenomenon, with emphasis on the precipitated salt. Thermal effects on sorption/desorption curves and on system coefficients are discussed. Then, numerical results of isothermal and non-isothermal simulations are presented and compared.
Numerical Analysis of Masonry Enhanced by Fiber Reinforced Lime-Based Render
Authors: Přinosil Michal , Kabele Petr
Published: September 2014

Out of plane load bearing capacity of a masonry structure enhanced by surface render made of high performance lime-based mortar is investigated by numerical simulations using the finite element method (FEM). The response of the wall is simulated firstly without render (as a reference) then with surface render consisting of conventional lime mortar with increased tensile strength (by addition of the metakaolin) without fibers and finally with the proposed lime-metakaolin mortar reinforced with PVA fibers. The thickness of the surface render is considered in two configurations (20 mm and 40 mm). Material parameters of masonry units (bricks), joints (mortar between bricks) and conventional plain render are chosen with regard to investigations of historic structures (reported in the literature), material characteristics of fiber reinforced render are evaluated based on experiments or numerical simulations of these experiments. Using these parameters and characteristics, the numerical simulations of masonry wall subjected to out of plane bending are performed. The results allow us to identify influence of the thickness and the material of render on load-bearing and deformation capacity, failure mode and amount and width of cracks. The results show that the conventional plain mortar improves load-bearing capacity and deformation capacity proportionately to the thickness of render, but the response remains brittle. Fiber reinforced mortar significantly increases the deformation capacity and load-bearing capacity and the amount of absorbed energy is significantly improved.
Ageing Problems of GFRP Grids Used for Masonry Reinforcement
Authors: Borri Antonio , Castori Giulio , Corradi Marco , Sisti Romina
Published: September 2014

In this study, an effort was made to develop an experimental protocol to study the effects of accelerated ageing on GFRP (Glass Fiber-Reinforced Polymer) grids. The physic-mechanical properties of different types of glass FRP grids were investigated. GFRP specimens were subjected to environmental agents including freeze-thaw, high relative humidity, high temperature. Mechanical and physical tests were used to measure the retained properties and to observe the causes of damage and strength reduction. The experimental data showed that resin properties may strongly influence the durability of FRP reinforcement, environmental combined cycles did not take to significant damage of conditioned specimens; GFRP grids are sensitive to alkaline attack when resin does not provide adequate protection to fibers.
An Enhanced Finite Element for Sequentially Linear Analysis Problems
Authors: Castellazzi Giovanni , Gentilini Cristina , Casacci Susanna , Di Tommaso Angelo , Monaldi Mathias J.
Published: September 2014

Sequentially Linear Analysis (SLA) is an alternative method that avoids convergence problems derived from the use of classic nonlinear finite element analysis. Instead of using incremental iterative schemes (arc-length control, Newton-Raphson), SLA is a sequential procedure made by a series of linear analysis, able to capture nonlinear behavior, reducing Young Modulus, according to saw-tooth constitutive relation. In this paper an investigation above all the aspects of the methods will be presented using a new element suitable for the SLA: accuracy of the solutions and computational cost, i.e. the time needed to get to satisfactory conclusions of the analysis. In order to test the efficiency of the proposed element, numerical results hailed from different brittle problems, such as glass beam and an ideal masonry tower, are used.
Development and Characterization of an Alternative Process: Nanoceramic Application to the Treatment of Carbon Steel
Authors: de Fátima Oliveira Marilei , Grassi Marcelo , Lazarin Gallina André , Pinto Rodrigues Paulo Rogério
Published: September 2014

Paint durability is directly linked to the efficiency of the substrate pre-treatment system. The objective to treat the carbon steel surface prior to painting is to turn the unstable metal surface into a stable surface one, an inert base to receive the paint. This is the main function of the phosphatization processes, which enables good paint adherence and prevents the development of corrosion processes. The demand for cleaner technologies, with lower residue generation, makes the phosphatization an unappealing method, and in this context the use of nanoceramics is an alternative to phosphate conversion layers. The objective of this study is to form a protection film which employs an organic molecule together with the zircon oxide, forming a layer which is able to anchor paint and increase the carbon steel resistance to corrosion. The treatment process conditions were established through the factorial planning, and the samples evaluated through the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, scanning electronic microscopy and energy dispersive analysis. After comparing results of the electrochemical evaluation of the coating proposed with the iron and zinc phosphate coatings, it was possible to see that the film formed presented better corrosion resistance properties.
Risk Management Incorporated to Life-of-Mine Planning at Sossego Copper Mine, Carajás, Brazil
Authors: Freitas Sandro , Aires Benevides , de Tomi Giorgio , Agra Richardson
Published: September 2014

Open pit mine design and production scheduling deals with the quest for most profitable mining sequence over the life of a mine. The dynamics of mining ore and waste, and spatial grade uncertainty make predictions of the optimal mining sequence a challenging task. Valuation and related decision-making in surface mining require the assessment and management of orebody risk in the generation of a pit design and long term production scheduling. As the most profitable mining sequence over de life of a mine determines both economic outcome of a project and the technical plan to be followed from mine development to mine closure, the adverse effects of orebody risk on performance is critical and are documented in various studies. Ignoring such a consequential source of risk and uncertainty may lead to unrealistic production plans. This paper presented a set of procedures that enable mine planning engineers to carry out a series of analysis, which can be used to evaluate the sensitivity of incremental pit shells and pit designs to grade uncertainty. The results obtained from the analysis have shown to provide valuable information, which can be used to develop mining strategies that are risk resilient in relation to grade uncertainty. A real life application at Sossego copper mine ensure that such procedures are technically implementable, supporting decision-making as (a) in-fill drilling programs; (b) review of mining sequence; (c) identification of areas of upside potential and downside risk and (d) ore blending between mining areas in order to minimize the impact of high risk areas. The goal of this work is to provide an approach for clear risk analysis and management in mine planning cycle to various aspects of pit optimisation and design, resulting in more technically and economically sustainable life-of-mine production plans and mineral reserve depletion.
Portland Cement for the Cementing of Oil Wells Developed with the Aid of the Rietveld Refinement Method
Authors: Oliveira Danielle Nascimento Silva , Neves Gelmires Araújo , Bezerra Ulisses Targino , Chaves Alexsandra C. , Lira B. Silveira
Published: September 2014

The use of the Rietveld refinement method has been highlightened as essential in the characterization of polycrystalline materials. With the aid of this method, combined with the application of the X-ray diffraction, it was possible to develop a type of cement that can temporarily substitute the Portland cement for Oil well. This cement was developed from the mixture of Portland cements commonly found in the market. The cements were passed through various sieves, then characterized by X-ray diffraction, being identified the main phases (C3A, C4AF, C3S and C2S) and quantified by the Rietveld refinement method. With the values obtained in the quantification of the phases, a new cement was made through the method of linear programming. From the results, it was possible to conclude that the developed cement presented a composition (levels of the main phases) that satisfies the requirements of NBR 9831, mainly in relation to the low levels of C3A.
Time Series Models to Obtain the Barrel Crude Oil Prices
Authors: Sato Enos Nobuo , Teixeira Carlos , Nader Beck , de Tomi Giorgio
Published: September 2014

The use of time series as an additional tool in decision making for the oil industry has been established as a mechanism for predicting the behavior of crude oil price. Especially in Brazil, after the discovery in this decade of the pre-salt reservoirs, the estimate of the price of a crude oil barrel through the use of modern techniques can minimize risks in exploration and production of oil. The more appropriate pricing for crude oil aims to minimize the risks to the economic activity for both exporters and importers of oil. This paper presents six different methods for obtaining crude oil future pricesi.e.Multiple regression (MR), Holt ́s method (HM), Holt-Winter (HW), Kalman filter (KF), Auto-Regression/Moving-Average (ARIMA) and stochastic simulation based on the use of the Monte Carlo method (SMC). The methods are compared to determine their advantages and disadvantages against each other, seeking to determine which of the generated models has the best potential to determine the future fair price of a barrel of oil. As a result, the most appropriate methodology capable of projecting a more precise future barrel oil fair price was determined, among the six alternatives studied.
Peroviskites Synthesis to SOFC Anodes
Authors: Wendler Leonardo Pacheco , Ramos Kethlinn , Chinelatto Adriana Scoton Antonio , Chinelatto Adilson Luiz
Published: September 2014

The traditional Ni-based anodes are capable of providing a good power output using H2and CO fuels, but sulfur contamination in any hydrocarbon fuel is a problem. Thus, perovskite structure materials containing lanthanum have been widely studied as electrodes for solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs), due to its electrical properties. In this work was investigated the obtain of the perovskite structure LaCr0.5Ni0.5O3, by Pechini method, and its suitability as SOFC anode. The choice of this composition was based on the stability provided by chromium and the catalytic properties of nickel. After preparing the resins, the samples were calcined at 300oC, 600oC, 700oC and 850oC. The resulting powders were characterized by X-ray, X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy, He pycnometry, specific surface area by BET isotherm and scanning electronic microscopy. The obtaining of the powders of LaCr0.5Ni0.5O3through the Pechini method proved to be effective for temperatures above 850oC.
Reuse of Waste Foundry Sand from its Interaction with the Bonding Agent Sodium Silicate
Authors: Souza J.C. , Chinelatto Adriana Scoton Antonio , Chinelatto Adilson Luiz , Oliveira I.L. , Salem R.E.P.
Published: September 2014

Green sand molds are used in metal casting process. However, after heating, activated bentonite present in green sand loses the binding properties, and part of the foundry sand has to be discarded from the process. The ABNT NBR 15.984/2011 standard establishes the management of waste foundry sand (WFS) avoiding disposal in landfills. The objective of this work was to investigate the possibility of reusing the WFS from the study of its interaction with sodium silicate binder. Studies with silica sand and new green sand were performed in order to compare the results obtained with the WFS. The characterization of the samples was performed by measuring compressive strength, by X-ray diffraction, by optical microscopy and by scanning electron microscopy. The results showed that there is an interaction of the sodium silicate with the WFS as well as with the silica sand and green sand.
Study of Chocolate Clay (Boa Vista, Paraíba) Organophilization Using the Mixture of Quaternary Ammonium Salts through Direct Method
Authors: Lima Wellington Siqueira , Rodrigues Meiry Gláucia Freire , Mota Mariaugusta Ferreira , Patrício Aline Cadígena Lima , Silva Marcílio Máximo
Published: September 2014

The organoclays contain intercalated organic molecules in their structural layers. The more clay used to prepare organoclays are those derived from the smectite group bentonites mainly due to the small size of crystals and high cation exchange capacity, which facilitate the intercalation of organic compounds. This work aims to obtain organoclays from a mixture of two different quaternary ammonium salts in a 1:1 ratio through the direct method of organophilization. This procedure will be performed using the clay Chocolate from the municipality of Boa Vista, Paraíba state, which has in its composition of smectite clay minerals group. The samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and infrared spectroscopy (IR). The testing Foster swelling in a later step, using different organic solvents: gasoline, diesel and kerosene were used to investigate the compatibility clays after modification with the salts.
Rapid Synthesis of Mesoporous Molecular Sieve SBA-15 by Different Techniques with Microwave Assistance
Authors: Rodrigues Jocielys Jovelino , Nogueira Ângela da Costa , Rodrigues Meiry Gláucia Freire
Published: September 2014

Mesoporous molecular sieves SBA-15 were prepared by using two different procedures taken from the scientific literature. In the first procedure, a hydrogel was prepared with the molar composition: 1.0 TEOS: 0017 P123: 5.7 HCl: 193 H2O with stirring at 35 °C. In the second procedure a hydrogel was prepared with the molar composition: 1.0 TEOS: 0017 P123: 8.14 HCl: 168 H2O with stirring at room temperature. In both procedures the samples were synthesized in a microwave. The samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), differential thermal analysis (DTA), nitrogen adsorption-desorption analysis, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The analysis of XRD and nitrogen adsorption-desorption showed that the samples prepared with stirring at 35°C presented a higher ordering degree, an increase of crystallinity and larger volume of adsorbed nitrogen. The differential thermal analysis reveals that the SBA-15 presented high thermal stability, and the SEM revealed fiber type morphology consistent with this type of material.
Characterization of Metallic Zirconium Sponge
Authors: de Lima Sergio Ciampolini Nogueira , Soares Edson Pereira , Andreoli Marco , Chiba Rubens , Seo Emília Satoshi Miyamaru
Published: September 2014

When used commercially, the zirconium alloys are utilized in the shape of tubes to encapsulate the UO2 pellets in the PWR and BWR Power reactors. The metallic zirconium is an essential metallic element for the types of alloys in which the obtainment route rests in the ore opening for the production of zirconium oxide followed by the processes of pelletizing, chlorination, purification, reduction and distillation. Through the technique of X-Ray Diffraction the present phases were identified. Using the Fluorescence of an X ray it was possible to determined the chemical composition of the zirconium sponge. The mechanical properties of Vickers microhardness were obtained using a microdurometer. As a result, it was established that it is possible to define a methodology for the preparation of a sample of metallic zirconium for the microstructure analysis, as well as that its chemical purity is 97,265% linked to the microhardness of approximately 51 HV.
Implikasies van ontwikkelings in die leerstelling van goddelike genesing binne die Pinksterbeweging
Authors: Nel Marius
Published: September 2014

Die Pinksterbeweging het met verloop van tyd sy begrip van die leer van goddelike genesing verander. Die veranderings is hoofsaaklik as gevolg van vorderings wat deur die mediese wetenskap gemaak is en die pinksterteologie moes opnuut die verhouding tussen versoening en heling definieer. Die veranderings word in terme van die geskiedenis van die wit afdeling van die Apostoliese Geloof Sending van Suid-Afrika (AGS), die grootste pinksterdenominasie in Suid-Afrika, beskryf. Dit dien tot ’n groot mate as verteenwoordigend van veranderings in die res van die AGS, maar ook van die Pinksterbeweging as sodanig. Die ontleding toon dat die veranderde houding teenoor die gebruik van medisyne en inenting sowel as mediese prosedures soos operasies pinksterkerke uiteindelik dwing om toegewings in sy genesingsbediening te maak wat aan sy Skrifbeskouing verwant is. Dat die kerk veranderings aanbring in ’n belangrike leerstelling soos dié van goddelike genesing, hou belangrike implikasies vir die kerk in. Die implikasies hou verband met die wyse waarop die pinkstermense die Bybel lees en benut en dit noodsaak die Pinksterbeweging om ook oor ander leerstellings na te dink wat uitdagings daaraan stel, byvoorbeeld die eskatologie en ekklesiologie.Implications of developments in die doctrine of divine healing in die Pentecostal movement. The Pentecostal movement changed over time its understanding of the doctrine of divine healing. These changes are mainly in the attitude towards the advances made by medical science and reflected in the way pentecostal theology defined the relation between atonement and healing. The changes are described in terms of the history of the white division of the Apostolic Faith Mission of South Africa (AFM), the largest pentecostal denomination within South Africa. It serves to a large extent as representative of the changes in the AFM, but also the Pentecostal movement per se. The analysis shows that the changed attitude towards the use of medicine and vaccination as well as medical procedures such as operations eventually forced pentecostal churches to make concessions in its healing ministry, leading to changes in its scriptural view of the doctrine under consideration. That the church changed in aspects related to such an important doctrine poses important challenges that it must take note of. These implications are related to the way pentecostal people read and use the Bible and require that the church reflect on other doctrines that also challenge the Pentecostal movement, like its eschatology and ecclesiology.
Exploring an extensive dataset to establish woody vegetation cover and composition in Kruger National Park for the late 1980s
Authors: Kiker Gregory A. , Scholtz Rheinhardt , Smit Izak P.J. , Venter Freek J.
Published: September 2014

Woody plant cover and species composition play an important role in defining the type and function of savanna ecosystems. Approximately 2000 sites in the Kruger National Park (KNP) were surveyed by F.J. Venter over a period from 1985 to 1989, recording vegetation, soil and topological characteristics. At each of these sites (approximately 20 m × 20 m each), woody vegetation cover and species were recorded using a rapid, Braun-Blanquet classification for three height classes: shrub (0.75 m – 2.50 m), brush (2.50 m – 5.50 m) and tree (> 5.50 m). The objective of this study was to re-analyse the vegetation component of the field data, with a specific focus to provide a spatially explicit, height-differentiated, benchmark dataset in terms of species occurrence, species richness and structural canopy cover. Overall, 145 different woody species were recorded in the dataset out of the 458 species documented to occur in the park. The dataset describes a woody layer dominated by a relatively small number of widely occurring species, as 24 of the most common woody species accounted for all woody species found on over 80% of all sites. The less common woody species (101) were each recorded on 20 sites or less. Species richness varied from 12 to 1 species per site. Structural canopy cover averaged 9.34%, 8.16% and 2.89% for shrub, brush and tree cover, respectively. The dataset provides a useful benchmark for woody species distribution in KNP and can be used to explore woody species and height class distributions, as well as comparison with more recent or future woody vegetation surveys.Conservation implications: The results provided evidence that large-scale, woody vegetation surveys conducted along roads offer useful ecosystem level information. However, such an approach fails to pick up less common species. The data presented here provided a useful snapshot of KNP woody vegetation structure and composition and could provide excellent opportunities for spatio-temporal comparisons.
T.E. Hulme and Modernism
Authors: Tearle Oliver
Published: September 2014

T. E. Hulme (1883-1917) was the author of a small number of poems and some genuinely innovative critical and philosophical writings. From this modest output his influence on later writers was considerable: T. S. Eliot described his poems as “beautiful” and Ezra Pound and Wyndham Lewis were both inspired by his work. T.E. Hulme and Modernism explores his impact on key modernist figures, and also shows where this influence has been misplaced or misinterpreted. Oliver Tearle also here suggests that Hulme”s significance goes beyond his influence on modernism, and that his work provides new ways of thinking about creative and critical writing in the twenty-first century. What is poetry? What is the purpose of literary criticism? And how might the strange phenomenon of the fragment offer new ways of theorising such issues? In exploring these and other important matters this book pushes at the boundaries of literary criticism and of writing itself.
Global Health and International Community
Authors: Coggon John , Gola Swati
Published: September 2014

Global health arguably represents the most pressing issues facing humanity. Trends in international migration and transnational commerce render state boundaries increasingly porous. Human activity in one part of the world can lead to health impacts elsewhere. Animals, viruses and bacteria as well as pandemics and environmental disasters do not recognize or respect political borders. It is now widely accepted that a global perspective on the understanding of threats to health and how to respond to them is required, but there are many practical problems in establishing such an approach. This book offers a foundational study of these urgent and challenging problems, combining critical analysis with practically focused policy contributions. The contributors span the fields of ethics, human rights, international relations, law, philosophy and global politics. They address normative questions relating to justice, equity and inequality and practical questions regarding multi-organizational cooperation, global governance and international relations. Moving from the theoretical to the practical, Global Health and International Community is an essential resource for scholars, students, activists and policy makers across the globe.
Aesthetics and Painting
Authors: Gaiger Jason
Published: September 2014

Aesthetics and Painting introduces and opens up current debates and ideas in the aesthetics of painting. At the book's center is an investigation of the complex relationship between what a painting depicts and the means by which it is depicted. The book looks at: how and why painting may be distinguished from other art forms; the relationship between the painted surface and the depicted subject; the "rules of representation" specific to painting; abstract art and nonrepresentational painting; the most recent technological and aesthetic developments and their implications; the role of the artist-and that of the spectator. A sophisticated treatment of major ideas in art and philosophy, Aesthetics and Painting remains highly readable throughout, offering a clear and coherent account of the nature of painting as an art form.
Gadamer’s Poetics: A Critique of Modern Aesthetics
Authors: Arthos John
Published: September 2014

Gadamer's writing on art is typically seen as supporting his philosophical theory of truth. Drawing together a coherent theory of the work of art from the corpus of Gadamer's writings, this is the first full-length examination of Gadamer's theory of the work of art in its own right.

Close readings of Gadamer's treatment of aesthetics in Truth and Method, as well as his many essays and lectures on art, highlight an approach to art that is not ancillary to historical, philosophical, and linguistic themes. The book establishes Gadamer's position on the criteria for the judgment of art, and the balance between production and reception from a hermeneutic perspective. Offering useful insights to some of the most tantalizing and obscure Gadamerian themes, this not only makes a significant addition to Gadamer scholarship, but provides aesthetics scholars, critics, and interpreters with new ways of thinking about art.
Marx Through Post-Structuralism
Authors: Choat Simon
Published: September 2014

Marx Through Post-Structuralism presents a thorough critical examination of the readings of Marx given by four post-structuralist thinkers, all key figures in Continental philosophy: Jean-François Lyotard, Jacques Derrida, Michel Foucault, and Gilles Deleuze. Arguing that both Marx and the post-structuralists seek to produce a genuinely materialist philosophy, the author aims to develop a better understanding of both Marx and post-structuralism and in so doing to reflect on the possibilities and problems for materialist philosophy more broadly.

Against the common assumption that post-structuralism begins with a rejection of Marx, Choat argues that Marx has been a key influence on post-structuralist thought and that each of the four thinkers examined affirms Marx's contemporary significance. By looking at how these thinkers have read Marx - analysing their direct comments, unspoken uses, and implicit criticisms - the book demonstrates that there is a distinct and original post-structuralist approach to Marx that allows us to read him in a new light.
Merleau-Ponty: A Guide for the Perplexed
Authors: Matthews Eric
Published: September 2014

Maurice Merleau-Ponty was one of the most important figures in the existential and phenomenological traditions in twentieth-century Continental philosophy. Merleau-Ponty: A Guide for the Perplexed is the ideal text for students encountering Merleau-Ponty's philosophy for the first time. The book assumes no prior knowledge of the subject, and takes the reader though the key themes in Merleau-Ponty's work, casting light on complex ideas, including - crucially - his interpretations of 'perception', 'embodiment' and 'behaviour'. Most importantly this Guide for the Perplexed offers a full and authoritative explication of Merleau-Ponty's phenomenological account of human behaviour.