bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Region vector – программное обеспечение для анализа активности населения в аграрном секторе экономики
Authors: Попкова Людмила Ивановна , Овсянников Артем Сергеевич
Published: March 2021

Цель: на основе методов математической статистики создать информационное обеспечение, которое будет показывать векторы развития систем сельского расселения регионов и муниципальных районов в аграрном секторе экономики. Информационной базой служили материалы территориальных органов федеральной службы государственной статистики Белгородской, Воронежской, Курской, Липецкой, Тамбовской областей. Методы. Цель работы достигнута с применением методов корреляционно-регрессионного анализа. Было сделано моделирование векторов развития (теоретических линий регрессии) каждого региона в прямоугольной системе координат. Применение пространственно-координатного анализа объектов исследования дало возможность визуально по углу наклона траекторий сравнивать направленность развития областей в аграрном секторе экономики, а также определить отстающие по производительности труда муниципалитеты. Результаты и обсуждение. Выполнена количественная и визуальная оценка изменений в направленности развития сельхозпредприятий областей Центрального Черноземья за 2009-2014 годы. На этой основе создана компьютерная программа, которая позволяет объективно оценивать траектории развития сельхозпредприятий, фермерских хозяйств и хозяйств населения регионов. Выводы. Применение компьютерной программы и пространственно-координатного анализа объектов исследования (моделей) даст преимущество органам управления всех уровней при оценке ситуации и реагировании на негативные изменения в производительности труда муниципалитетов в аграрном секторе экономики.
Консорциум неспорообразующих микроорганизмов как средство для рекультивации почв
Authors: Вершинин Валентин Валентинович , Ретивов Василий Михайлович , Нартов Александр Сергеевич
Published: March 2021

Цель исследования – изучение возможности применения микробиологического препарата, изначально разработанного для переработки нефтепродуктов, в качестве средства, утилизирующего полициклические ароматические углеводороды (ПАУ) в техногенно-загрязнённых почвах промышленно-урбанизированных территорий. Методы. В ходе проведённых исследований проанализированы известные способы деструкции ПАУ и наиболее распространённые способы рекультивации, применяемые в настоящее время. Показано, что задача улучшения качества загрязнённых почв может быть решена с помощью препарата, содержащего неспорообразующие микроорганизмы родов Candida, Pseudomonas и Rhodococcus, разработанного в ООО «НПО Биотехсоюз» и ранее не использовавшегося для утилизации ПАУ. Эффективность данного препарата продемонстрирована на примере 64 образцов почвы, отобранных по 4 направлениям в радиусе 5 км от двух промышленных предприятий города Москвы и Московской области (мусоросжигательный завод No 3 и НПО «Луч», город Подольск, производящий металлические изделия, соответственно). Результаты представлены в виде пространственных схем, демонстрирующих текущие уровни загрязнения почв (не обработанных препаратом) и ожидаемые уровни загрязнения (после обработки). Зонирование исследованных территорий основано на использовании ранее предложенного одним из авторов статьи индекса общего токсического воздействия биологически доступных полициклических ароматических углеводородов, который учитывает не только концентрации отдельных загрязнителей в почве, но также степень их воздействия на живые организмы. Выводы. Выявлены некоторые общие закономерности и особенности переработки ПАУ микроорганизмами, относящимися к вышеперечисленным родам. Показано, что степень переработки этих соединений зависит от их молекулярного строения.
Родники Шипова леса
Authors: Федотов Владимир Иванович
Published: March 2021

Цель – познакомить географическую общественность и лесоводов Воронежской области с изменением обводненности лесных ландшафтов региона на примере Шипова леса за последние 160-170 лет. Материалы и методы. В статье использованы опубликованные материалы в «Лесном журнале» (1887) и полевые наблюдения автора. Результаты и обсуждения. Установлено, что за последние 150-170 лет в Шиповой дубраве на границе лесостепи и степи происходили неоднократные периоды обводненности. Периоды высокого стояния уровня грунтовых вод, выражающиеся в обилии выходов родников, чередовались с периодами дефицита верховодки и как следствие истощения родников. Заключение. Родниковые воды Шипова леса – хороший индикатор, с помощью которого можно объяснить естественное произрастание дубравы на северной границе степи.
One-Step RT-ddPCR for Detection of SARS-CoV-2, Bovine Coronavirus, and PMMoV RNA in RNA Derived from Wastewater or Primary Settled Solids v2 v1
Authors: Loeb Stephanie , Graham Katy , Catoe David , Wolfe Marlene , B B Boehm Alexandria , Wigginton Krista
Published: March 2021

This protocol is an updated version of the original protocols.io protocol for these procedures from this group, with changes in the cycling conditions for the BCoV/PMMoV assay and the concentration of the PMMoV probe. Goal: Quantify concentration of N1, N2, BCoV, and PMMoV in RNA extractions using RT-ddPCR. Estimated Time: 8 hours per RT-ddPCR plate
MAPseq (Multiplexed Analysis of Projections by Sequencing) sample processing protocol v1
Authors: Zhan Huiqing , Kebschull Justus , M. Zador Anthony
Published: March 2021

This protocol describes sample processing steps of MAPseq, a high-throughput mapping of single-neuron projections by sequencing of barcoded RNA, as described in details by Kebschull et al.., 2016 . In MAPseq, a brain area of interest is infected with a Sindbis barcoded library. After 40-44 hrs, the injection and the projection sites of interest are dissected, processed and sequenced using this protocol.
Utility of Lumbar Puncture in the first episode of Simple Febrile Seizure in Children between 6 to 18 months of age
Authors:   Associate Professor, Department of pediatrics, S C B Medical College, Cuttack, Odisha, India, Jena Dr. Pradeep Kumar
Published: March 2021

Introduction: Febrile seizures are the most common seizures occurring in children and areexclusive to childhood. It is the most common pediatric emergency and the most common type ofseizure every pediatrician is dealing with. It accounts for 2.5% of all seizures in children. Despiteprogress in the understanding of febrile seizure and development of consensus statement aboutdiagnostic evaluation and management there exists a diversity of opinion regarding bloodinvestigations, neuro-imaging, Electro Encephalogram (EEG) and the need for routine lumbarpunctures (LP)during a febrile seizure. Aim & objectives: To determine the utility of lumbarpuncture in identifying the group of children aged 6 to18 months having the first episode of feverwith seizures that would benefit from the procedure. Observation: Most common cause of fever infebrile seizures was found to be upper respiratory tract infection (38%) in children followed byAGE(15%). Family history was present in 12.77% of cases of SFS. The most common symptom iscough and cold apart from fever and seizure saw in children. Most common clinical sign wastransient lethargy lasting less than <15 minutes seen in 18% of cases. In 11.7% of cases of SFS adiagnosis of meningitis was made at the time of admission. Out of these only 1 case (2.4%) wassuggestive of meningitis in the age group of 6 to 12 months. Conclusion: Lumbar puncture isnecessary to rule out meningitis in all children between the ages of 6 months to 12 monthspresenting with the first episode of fever with seizure to rule out meningitis.
Criticism of the reliability of archaeological dating of cultural artifacts
Authors:   Kharkiv State Academy of Culture, Kharkiv, Ukraine, Soshnikov A.
Published: March 2021

The purpose of the article is to join the discussion about the degree of reliability of archaeological dating of cultural artifacts. Research methodology of the article: the main methods of archaeological dating of cultural artifacts are analyzed. The following conclusions are presented in the article: the concept of "archaeological source" is one of the basic categories of archeology, which largely determines the empirical activity of a scientist. In the domestic science, the term still does not have a unified understanding, as, indeed, most categories theoretical level. Perhaps the only one an indisputable point in the definition of the term is what archaeological sources are both material remains and observations of the researcher during field and chamber work. In the course of the study, it was concluded that archeology is not capable of either confirming or refuting the traditional chronological scheme, since it is impossible to date objects of material culture without relying on written records. The only thing that archaeological methods can give so far is the establishment of the relative sequence of layers and cultures. But between these results and the absolute age of these layers, there is a gap that has been filled so far based on the traditional grid. Generalization of the main methods of archaeological dating of cultural artifacts represents the novelty of the article. The practical significance of the article is the correction of the existing methods of archaeological dating of cultural artifacts. Archeology is neither able to confirm nor refute the traditional chronological scheme, because the objects of material culture cannot be dated without relying on written records. When, it would seem, it is possible to date an architectural structure absolutely reliably, the obtained result contradicts traditional ideas. The only thing that archaeological methods can give so far is to establish the relative sequence of layers and cultures. But between these results and the absolute age of these layers – a whole gap, which is still filled, based on the traditional grid.
Quantitative weld defect sizing using convolutional neural network-aided processing of RT images
Authors: Mirzapour M , Movafeghi A , Yahaghi E
Published: March 2021

Non-destructive confirmation of seamless welding is of critical importance in most applications and digital industrial radiography (DIR) is often the method of choice for internal flaw detection. DIR images often suffer from fogginess, limiting the inspection of flawed regions in online
and quantitative applications. Much focus has therefore been put on denoising and image fog removal to yield better outcomes. One of the methods most widely used to improve the image is the fast and flexible denoising convolutional neural network (FFCN). This method has been shown to offer
excellent image quality performance combined with fast execution and computing efficiency. In this study, the FFCN image processing technique is implemented and applied to radiographic images of welded objects. Enhancement of defect detection is achieved through sharpening of the image feature
edges, leading to improved quantification in weld flaw sizing. The method is applied to the radiographic images using the weighted subtraction method. Experienced radiographers find that the weld defect detail is better visualised with output images from the FFCN algorithm compared to the
original radiographs. Improvement in weld flaw size quantification is evaluated using test objects and the distance between the first two lines of the image quality indicator (IQI). The results show that the applied algorithm enhances the visualisation of internal defects and increases the
detectability of fine fractures in the welded region. It is also found that, by selective image contrast enhancement near the flaw edges, flaw size quantification is improved significantly. The algorithm is found to be efficient, enabling online automated implementation on standard personal
computers.
A clustering K-SVD-based sparse representation method for rolling bearing fault diagnosis
Authors: Yu Qingwen , Li Jimeng , Li Zhixin , Zhang Jinfeng
Published: March 2021

It is challenging to extract weak impulse features from vibration signals corrupted by strong noise in mechanical fault diagnosis. Due to its simple calculation, fast convergence and easy implementation, K-singular value decomposition (K-SVD) has been widely used in rolling bearing
fault diagnosis. However, it fails to consider the influence of noise and harmonics on atoms learning from impulse characteristics, which results in many irrelevant atoms, and then increases the difficulty of extracting the impulse features in bearing fault signals. Therefore, a clustering
K-SVD-based sparse representation method is proposed in this paper and it is combined with the particle swarm optimisation (PSO)-based time-varying filter empirical mode decomposition (TVF-EMD) for rolling bearing fault diagnosis. The PSO-based TVF-EMD is developed to automatically decompose
the original signal to eliminate the impact of noise and harmonics on the impulses in the signal. Then, the clustering K-SVD method is applied to perform dictionary learning on the sensitive component containing impulses to obtain a redundant dictionary of atoms with obvious impulse patterns.
Finally, the orthogonal matching pursuit (OMP) algorithm is introduced to extract the fault features from rolling bearing vibration signals. The experimental results show that the proposed method can improve the robustness of the dictionary atoms to noise and achieve the extraction of rolling
bearing fault features.
Ball bearing fault detection via multi-sensor data fusion with accelerometer and microphone
Authors: Safizadeh M S , Golmohammadi A
Published: March 2021

Early detection of defects in bearings is essential to avoid the complete failure of machinery and the associated costs. This study presents a novel method for fault diagnosis of bearings using sensor fusion with a microphone and an accelerometer. The system has five modules, namely
data acquisition, signal processing, feature extraction, classification and decision-making. A test-rig is designed to collect acoustic and vibration signals. Then, for each signal, indices are calculated in the time and frequency domains. After using principal component analysis (PCA) for
feature extraction, the k-nearest neighbours (kNN) method is used in the classification module. Finally, a decision on the kind of fault and its size is made based on the decision fusion module. The aim of this study is to propose a fusion method to improve the effectiveness and reliability
of bearing defect diagnosis compared to what can be achieved with vibration or acoustic measurements alone. The results obtained from this preliminary study show that condition monitoring using the accelerometer is the more effective technique for determining the type of fault, while the microphone
is effective for classifying the size of fault. Experimental results also confirm these findings.
The Deployment of the Seismometer to Investigate Ice and Ocean Structure (SIIOS) in Northwest Greenland: An Analog Experiment for Icy Ocean World Seismic Deployments
Authors: Marusiak Angela G. , Schmerr Nicholas C. , DellaGiustina Daniella N. , Avenson Brad , Bailey S. Hop , Bray Veronica J. , Brodbeck Juliette I. , Carr Chris G. , Dahl Peter H. , Habib Namrah , Pettit Erin C. , Wagner Natalie , Weber Renee C.
Published: March 2021

In anticipation of future spacecraft missions to icy ocean worlds, the Seismometer to Investigate Ice and Ocean Structure (SIIOS) was funded by National Aeronautics and Space Administration, to prepare for seismologic investigations of these worlds. During the summer of 2018, the SIIOS team deployed a seismic experiment on the Greenland ice sheet situated, approximately, 80 km north of Qaanaaq, Greenland. The seismometers deployed included one Trillium 120 s Posthole (TPH) broadband seismometer, 13 Silicon Audio flight-candidate seismometers, and five Sercel L28 4.5 Hz geophones. Seismometers were buried 1 m deep in the firn in a cross-shaped array centered on a collocated TPH and Silicon Audio instrument. One part of the array consisted of Silicon Audio and Sercel geophones situated 1 m from the center of the array in the ordinal directions. A second set of four Silicon Audio instruments was situated 1 km from the center of the array in the cardinal directions. A mock-lander spacecraft was placed at the array center and instrumented with four Silicon Audio seismometers. We performed an active-source experiment and a passive-listening experiment that lasted for, approximately, 12 days. The active–source experiment consisted of 9–12 sledgehammer strikes to an aluminum plate at 10 separate locations up to 100 m from the array center. The passive experiment recorded the ice-sheet ambient background noise, as well as local and regional events. Both datasets will be used to quantify differences in spacecraft instrumentation deployment strategies, and for evaluating science capabilities for single-station and small-aperture seismic arrays in future geophysical missions. Our initial results indicate that the flight-candidate seismometer performs comparably to the TPH at frequencies above 0.1 Hz and that instruments coupled to the mock-lander perform comparably to ground-based instrumentation in the frequency band of 0.1–10 Hz. For future icy ocean world missions, a deck-coupled seismometer would perform similarly to a ground-based deployment across the most frequency bands.
Two Decades of Seismicity in Storfjorden, Svalbard Archipelago, from Regional Data
Authors: Pirli Myrto , Schweitzer Johannes , Paulsen Berit , Konechnaya Yana V. , Antonovskaya Galina N.
Published: March 2021

About two decades of earthquake parametric data for the area of Storfjorden offer the best medium-term image of seismicity yet for the arctic Svalbard Archipelago. Although seismic activity is dominated by the 2008 Mw 6.1 earthquake and its compound sequence and to a far lesser extent the 2016 Mw 5.1 event near Edgeøya and its aftershocks, as well as episodic earthquake occurrence at Heerland, background levels can be established for the first time, showing that earthquake occurrence in the region shows an episodic but stable character. A certain, minimum level of coverage by the regional seismic network is crucial for seismicity to be mapped accurately in space and time, whereas the efficiency of automatic data processing algorithms also plays a role. The evolution of the network and developments in data processing suggest that images of seismicity prior to mid-2000s and at more remote regions of the Archipelago are biased. Despite restrictions, some safe conclusions can be drawn about present-day seismotectonics. The results have implications for the tectonic placement of the region and the assessment of seismic hazard.
Analysis of Agricultural and Fishery Policies and Agriculture-related Greenhouse Gases Emissions in Suriname
Authors: Vandorpe Margot , De Salvo Carmine Paolo , Shik Olga
Published: March 2021

The agriculture and fisheries sectors account for 9 percent of Surinames GDP. Transition to a modern and innovative agri-food system is among the goals of Surinames government. Surinames agricultural policies include a combination of trade regulations, budget support, and direct participation in agricultural production by the state-owned companies. In 2016-2018, high inflation and currency depreciation impacted agricultural producers and consumers, while the budget funds for support to agriculture were substantially cut. In 2018, the annual value of support to individual producers in Suriname was SRD $267 million, or 16% of total farm receipts. This figure reflects strong market price support to livestock producers at the expense of consumers, while rice producers receive disincentives due to agricultural policies. Between 2015 and 2018, support to general services for agriculture, the most efficient way to promote innovative development, decreased from 44% to only 6% of the total support to the agricultural sector. The fisheries sector was mainly supported through the fuel tax concessions. The amount of the general services support to fisheries was less than the cost of the fishing licenses. While agriculture contributes 19% to the Surinames greenhouse gas emissions, the study found that agricultural policies do not favour climate-affecting activities in agriculture.
The problems of young disabled people in St. Petersburg: sociological analysis
Authors: Novozhilova Olga A.
Published: March 2021

Disability as a social problem is one of the most pressing phenomena of modern Russian society. The article analyzes young disabled people as a specific social group and the problems they face in their lives. Young disabled people are quite an active social group, they participate in youth activities, reveal their talents. But because of the barriers in the environment, they cannot fully realize themselves. A study has been carried out showing the problems of young people with disabilities that need to be addressed immediately. Problems such as access to health services and medicines, employment problems, lack of equipment and lack of barrier-free environment, education and information accessibility have been identified. Particular attention is paid to the issue of accessibility as one of the factors preventing young people with disabilities from interacting actively with the environment. The longitudinal nature of the study allowed us to analyze what has changed in solving the problems of this social group. The results of the study showed that in St. Petersburg and other cities, much more attention to this category of people began to be paid, but often problem-solving is still point-by-point rather than complex.
Age differentiation of the perception of toponyms (based on the toponyms Uglich, Tutaev, Pereslavl-Zalessky)
Authors: Talitskaya Anna A. , Lepakova Ksenia A.
Published: March 2021

The article examines the peculiarities of the language consciousness of the residents of the Yaroslavl region in the age aspect. The research is carried out on the material of the toponyms Uglich, Tutaev and Pereslavl-Zalessky . A psycholinguistic experiment was conducted, including these stimuli, according to its results, associative fields were compiled for each toponym for each age group separately. As a result of semantic interpretation of the obtained associative fields, all associative reactions are divided into semantic groups. The number of reactions for each semantic group is specified. As a result of a comparative analysis of the semantic groups formed during the interpretation of reactions to the toponym Uglich , common semantic groups were identified for all age categories: «Generic geographical name», «Connection with brands of products of various kinds». For the stimulus Tutaev such semantic groups become «Generic geographical name», «Emotions, experiences, subjective estimate, Indicating to the city of various kinds of objects», for the stimulus Pereslavl-Zalessky - «Generic geographical name», «Connection name of the city with natural objects», «Emotions, experiences, subjective estimate», «Indication of various types of urban objects», «The relationship with well-known personalities». In addition, for each toponym, unique semantic groups were identified that are characteristic of a certain age category.
60 GHz Broadband LTCC Antenna for 5G Mobile Communication Systems
Authors: Khezzar Djamel , Khedrouche Djamel , Denidni Tayeb A.
Published: March 2021

This paper provides a numerical investigation in designing wideband circularly polarized 60 GHz antenna using Low-Temperature Co-fired Ceramic technology (LTCC). The LTCC provides high-density multilayer integration, low dielectric loss, and low costs. The use of LTCC technology is advantageous for easy and flexible 3D integration and freer vias distribution in the substrate. The designed antenna focuses on obtaining a better trade-off in terms of size, gain, circular polarization (CP), and large bandwidth. The circular polarization was chosen in order to minimize the transmission errors caused by polarization inconsistency between the transmitter and the receiver. The antenna geometry is developed taking into consideration the design rules of the LTCC with a layer thickness of 100 µm after firing and a metal layer thickness of 9 µm. A bandwidth of more than 33% centered at 60 GHz was obtained for this designed multilayer antenna. The results are obtained by using the High-Frequency Structure Simulator (HFSS). The proposed integrated antenna can be used in future 5G wireless communication systems and other 60 GHz spectrum applications.
Multi Node Based Smart Monitoring System with Motor Dry Run Avoidance for Sustainable Agriculture
Authors: Kanupuru Priyanka , Nadig Vijayendra Reddy Uma Reddy
Published: March 2021

Food is the major source for the existence of the mankind. In order to meet the food requirements for the ever increasing population, the quantity of the food production has to be increased maintaining the quality standards. Agriculture is one such major sector which provides the food for mankind. It not only provides food but also supplies raw materials for industries. Implementation of advanced technologies such as Internet of Things in agriculture helps in improving the production with limited resources. The key parameter for the sustainable agriculture is moisture content available for the crop from the soil. This can be supplied efficiently by controlling the irrigation process. In this system an intelligent agriculture monitoring system with multiple wireless monitoring sensor nodes are used at different locations to monitor the parameters such as temperature, moisture content in the soil, humidity and rainfall. The data from the various sensors is aggregated at each node and transmitted to the coordinator station using long range transceiver. The data received at the coordinator station is subjected to a rule based decision making process to efficiently control the irrigation process. Also motor protection against the dry run was implemented, which not only protects the motor from break down but also avoids the unwanted power consumption. All the live data is in turn uploaded to the cloud so that the user can have a track of the current status of his farm at any time.
A Cross-Sectional Study on Smart-Phone Addiction among Late Adolescents and Young Adults (Aged 15 to 24 Years) of Ahmedabad City, Gujarat, India
Authors: Pandya Chirayu N. , Christian Donald S. , Patel Mansi M.
Published: March 2021

BACKGROUND Smartphone use has gone tremendously up throughout the world during the past decade and addiction potential is well documented among the users. Smartphone addiction among adolescents and young adults should be seen with caution as they lay the foundations not only for their healthy lives but also of the country’s future and its economy, they live in. METHODS Both school and college students aged between 15 - 24 years were enrolled in this cross sectional study, using systematic random sampling technique to determine smartphone addiction potential through Smartphone Addiction Scale (SAS). The possible factors contributing to SAS scores were also determined through statistical tests (Chi-square test, Kruskal-Wallis H test and Mann Whitney U test). RESULTS Among a total of 239 respondents of age 15 to 24 years (mean age 18.5 ± 2.35 years), there were 124 (51.9 %) females and 231 (96.7 %) belonged to the urban area. Most of the participants were studying in high school (40.6 %) followed by medical field (40.2 %). A total of 110 (46 %), students had used their smartphone commonly for social media purpose, followed by entertainment purpose (29.3 %), education (36 %), web surfing (20 %). The median daily usage of smartphone was found to be 4 hours among participants. The mean score of SAS was found to be 103.59 ± 25.08. There was statistically significant difference in SAS score according to age group, according to their smartphone usage per day, according to common purpose of usage of smartphone and also according to their streams, and monthly expenses the student spends to recharge their smartphone. CONCLUSIONS Smartphone addiction potential was determined according to various social and demographic characteristics. Factors causing smartphone addiction should be tackled by multiple stakeholders to reduce the chances of addiction due to smartphone and to protect them from future health consequences. KEYWORDS Adolescent, Smartphone Addiction, Smartphone Addiction Scale, Young Adults
Social Media Use and Sleep Disturbance among Adolescents: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Pirdehghan Azar , Khezmeh Edris , Panahi Soheila
Published: March 2021

Objective: Recently, social media use has become prevalent in the daily lives of many adolescents. This study was performed to address adolescents’ sleep quality and depression in relation to social media use.
Method: This cross-sectional cluster-sampling study was directed on 576 high school students in 2019 in Hamadan, Iran. Three standard self-reported questionnaires were used for recording sleep patterns (Pittsburgh Sleep Questionnaire Index (PSQI)), depression (Beck), and Electronic Media Use. Data was analyzed using SPSS. P-values less than 0.05 were considered as being significant.
Results: Among the adolescents 290 (50.3%) were female and the age median was 17. The average time of all Smart devices used was 7.5±4.4 hours per day. Among all students 62.3 % (359) said that they had their cell phone on in their bedroom when they sleep. In boys, the amount of social media use was significantly more than girls and poor sleep quality had a statically significant relationship with social media use (P-Value = 0.02). Additionally, there was a reverse correlation between the average use of electronic devices and sleep duration (Spearman’s rho = 0.17; P-Value = 0.03), and a direct correlation between the average use in social media and depression (Spearman’s rho = 0.171; P-Value < 0.001).
Conclusion: In this important age group a high level of electronic devices use and its relationship with sleep quality, daily dysfunction, sleep duration and depression is worthy of issue awareness among health managers, parents and teachers for providing interventional programs, based on standard updated guidelines, in order to reduce the problem and familiarize adolescents and their parents, at home or school, with restrictions on using devices to view and participate in social media
Psychometric Properties of the Persian Version of the Weight Control Strategies Scale (WCSS)
Authors: Nonahal Saman , Mohammadkhani Shahram , Hasani Jafar , Akbari Mehdi , Sadeghi-Bahmani Dena
Published: March 2021

Objective: The purpose of the present study was to examine the validity and reliability of the Persian version of the Weight Control Strategies Scale among individuals engaged in weight loss or weight maintenance.
Method: This descriptive study conducted from October 2019 to February 2020 on social media networks. A total of 420 men and women were selected using consecutive sampling. They completed the Persian version of the Weight Control Strategies Scale and the Self-Compassion Scale. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Cronbach’s α, confirmatory factor analysis, and Pearson product-moment correlations.
Results: Internal consistency for the total score of the Persian version of Weight Control Strategies Scale was excellent and acceptable to good for all 4 subscales (in all cases over α = 0.70). Confirmatory factor analysis supported the factor structure of the original model of the scale, but, it was different from the model at the item level. Moreover, the Persian version of Weight Control Strategies Scale had good convergent validity.
Conclusion: Psychometrically speaking, the Persian version of the Weight Control Strategies Scale is a valid and reliable tool to assess the psychological and behavioral profile of individuals engaging in losing or maintaining weight, both for clinical and research purposes.
How Much Should We Pay to Deliver Comprehensive Mental and Social Health Services? Experiences from Iran
Authors: Damari Behzad , Hajebi Ahmad , Abolhallaje Masoud , Najafi Behzad
Published: March 2021

Objective: Comprehensive mental and social health services is the new benefit package which had been aimed to provide mental health services to people who suffer from mental disorders. The aim of this study was to estimate the cost of plan and its drivers to provide evidence for decision-making by national policymakers.
Method: We used the bottom-up costing approach to estimate the cost of plan. We identified the cost centers, services delivery process, and facilities. Data were collected via different sources and tools such as the new financial system, registration forms, and performance reporting forms. We categorized the cost into 4 groups and selected appropriate measures to estimate the cost. We estimate the total and unit cost for 3 levels in 2 scenarios by considering the 2017 prices.
Results: Screening resulted in 8.9% new detection with a different incidence in urban and rural areas (urban: 16.5%; rural: 2.7%). Also, 61 842 million IRR was spent for the screening, diagnose, treatment, and rehabilitation of detected people in 2017. Personal cost is responsible for 90.6% and primary screening for 66.4% of the total cost.
Conclusion: For the development of the program (from screening to rehabilitation) 530 513 IRR should be spent per capita. The cost of detection per client can vary due to differences in disease prevalence, especially treatment and rehabilitation costs. It is suggested to consider the variation of the prevalence in expanding the plan to the whole country. Integrating the services in primary health care lead to huge cost saving.
Smoking among High School Students in Iran: A Meta-Analysis Study
Authors: Nazarianpirdosti Mohammad , Abdi Arsalan , Abdi Alireza , Ramazani Uosef
Published: March 2021

Objective: Cigarette smoking is an important and preventable risk factor, especially for adolescents and high school students. This issue has become one of the challenges for health system. Thus, the present study aimed to investigate the prevalence of smoking among Iranian high school students.
Method: This systematic review and meta-analysis study was done by searching PubMed, Scopus, Web Science (WOS), Science Direct, SID, and Google Scholar using the following keywords: “student” and “smoking” from 2000 to March 2018. After initial and critical appraisal, data were entered into a checklist and analyzed by a comprehensive meta-analysis software.
Results: The prevalence of smoking was 7.9% by combining the results of 49 articles. Males and females had 10.6% and 4.5% smoking prevalence, respectively. The overall prevalence of smoking was higher in northern areas in Iran (22.4%). Males in the northern (22.4%) and females in western regions (5.3%) were more smokers. There was a significant relationship between the prevalence of smoking with the year of publication, sample size, and age (P < 0.001).
Conclusion: In this study, Students' tendency to smoke was different in various regions of Iran, and had a high rate (7.9%). This figure indicates the necessity for planning some coherent educational programs for the public.
Evaluation of Microdissection Testicular Sperm Extraction (mTESE), Outcomes and Predictive Factors in Ireland: The Gold Standard for Men with Non-Obstructive Azoospermia
Authors: Rohan Pat , Daly Niamh , O’Kelly Aoife , O’Leary Martin , Dineen Tim , Shah Nigam , Daly Padraig , Waterstone John , Cullen Ivor
Published: March 2021

Background: Microdissection testicular sperm extraction (mTESE) is the gold standard approach in sperm retrieval in men with non-obstructive azoospermia (NOA). The purpose of the study was to assess the outcomes for Irish men who have undergone mTESE with a single surgeon.
Methods: This is a retrospective, single cohort study. Thirty-four patients underwent mTESE between September 2015 and June 2019. A p<0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results: In this study, sperm retrieval rate (SRR) was 47.06%. (16/34). The mean age in those who had retrieved sperm at mTESE was 37.9±2.6 years. Johnson Score (JS) and FSH were statistically different between successful and unsuccessful mTESE groups (p=0.017*10-5 and p=0.004, respectively). Optimal cutoff values for FSH, T and JS were 15 IU/L, 13 nmol/L and 5, respectively. The pregnancy rate was 63.64% (7/11) among men who went on to use mTESE sperm in an ICSI cycle.
Conclusion: The combination of mTESE/Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) is the best option available for men with NOA who prefer to achieve paternity using their own DNA. Given the overall SRRs in mTESE, it is imperative to continue research for a predictive model to better counsel azoospermic men regarding the use of mTESE. For this purpose, large, multicenter, randomized controlled trials are needed.
Characteristics of Competent Managers from the Perspective of Quran and Nahj al-Balaghah
Authors: Seyed-javadin Seyed Reza , Nasabi Narjes Alsadat , Yusefi Ali Reza
Published: March 2021

Background: Competency is a set of job-related knowledge, skills, personality traits, interests, and experiences that enable the holder to perform tasks and responsibilities at an above-average level. Since the Holy Quran and hadiths emphasize the principle of selecting the most competent people according to specific characteristics and skills, there is a need to define the needed competencies for selecting efficient and capable managers. Based on this, the general and specialized competencies of managers were extracted from the valuable sources including the Quran and Nahj al-Balagha.
Method: In this qualitative developmental study, the qualitative content analysis research method was conducted to investigate the texts of the Holy Quran and Nahj al-Balagha using a Quranic-narrative approach to extract the characteristics of competent managers.
Results: After extracting all concepts (354) and classifying them, we finally achieved 21 competencies and placed them in consecutive classifications (3 stages of codification, preparation, and summarization) in 2 groups of general and specialized competencies.
Conclusion: According to the Islamic criteria in selecting managers of an Islamic society, these competencies should be considered using a systemic approach.
Al-Haya’ Dalam Perspektif Psikologi Islam: Kajian Konsep Dan Empiris
Authors: Farmawati Cintami
Published: March 2021

The phenomenon of the character of shame (al-haya’) is now very factual. The culture of shame slowly began to disappear with the global process of assimilation, the shameless character of the eastern culture began to adopt the character of western culture which resulted in the loss of shame. The impact of the loss of shame in a person is that all of his behavior is difficult to control and will commit a variety of dishonorable acts such as corruption, cheating, cheating, displaying the genitals with sexy and mini clothes, adultery, drunkenness, piracy, sexual harassment, murder and others. While Islam strongly emphasizes the character of shame as a good moral. This study aims to see how the concept of al-haya 'in the perspective of Islamic psychology through conceptual and empirical studies. The study in this study was carried out with two events namely, the first with a literature review and the second an empirical study. Literature studies include the study of the verses of the Koran, Hadith and opinions of Islamic leaders who discuss al-haya '. The second study is through an empirical way by conducting interviews with 2 Ustadz and 3 students majoring in Sufism and Psychotherapy who have successfully applied al-haya 'in their daily lives. This research is included in qualitative research with a grounded theory design. The results showed that al-haya 'which is interpreted by the research subjects is almost the same as what is contained in Islamic studies. Al-haya ’is a shame that is driven by respect and aversion to something that is seen as insulting or violating the principles of sharia. People who have the character of al-haya 'are those who want to do something deed but then undo their intentions because there are bad consequences that can reduce the dignity of himself in the eyes of respected people
Delirium in the NICU: Risk or Reality?
Authors: Liviskie Caren , McPherson Christopher
Published: March 2021

Delirium is a frequent complication of critical illness in adult and pediatric populations and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Little is known about the incidence, risk, symptoms, or treatment of delirium in the NICU. Only 4 cases of NICU delirium have been reported, but many pediatric studies include infants. The Cornell Assessment of Pediatric Delirium tool has been validated in neonatal and infant populations for identification of delirium. Initial treatment should focus on identification and reversal of the cause, with pharmacologic management reserved for patients with symptoms that do not resolve or that significantly impact medical care. Routine use of intravenous haloperidol should be avoided because of the high incidence of serious adverse effects, but it may be considered in patients with significant symptoms who are unable to take oral medications. Atypical antipsychotics (olanzapine, quetiapine, and risperidone) appear to be efficacious with a low incidence of adverse effects. Risperidone has weight-based dosing and a liquid dosage form available, making it a good option for use in the NICU. Additional data from large cohorts of NICU patients routinely screened for delirium, and treated as indicated, are needed.
Inter-Group and Intraminority-Group Discrimination Experiences and the Coping Responses of Latino Sexual Minority Men Living With HIV
Authors: MacCarthy Sarah , Bogart Laura M. , Galvan Frank H. , Pantalone David W.
Published: March 2021

Discrimination negatively impacts the health of HIV-positive Latino sexual minority men (LSMM+). A growing literature on LSMM+ chronicles associations based on multiple devalued identities and mental health symptoms, HIV medication nonadherence, and sexual behaviors with the potential to transmit HIV. To gain additional insights on identity-based discrimination—as well as the associated coping responses—we conducted 30 qualitative interviews with LSMM+. Participants were probed regarding recent discrimination events (context, details, perpetrator, type) based on their intersecting identities (Latinx ethnicity, residency status, sexual minority orientation, HIV-positive serostatus) and their coping responses. We transcribed and translated the interviews and conducted a content analysis. Participants reported inter-group (i.e., between majority and minority group members) and intraminority-group (i.e., within minority group members) experiences as common. Participants described their intraminority-group experiences with discrimination based on being a Latinx sexual minority person in their families and home communities. Participants reported a range of coping responses to discrimination experiences. However, participants reported only functional (and no dysfunctional) coping strategies, and they endorsed using similar strategies in response to inter-group and intraminority-group discrimination. Coping strategies included strategic avoidance, social support, self-advocacy, and external attribution. Additional coping strategies (spirituality and positive reframing) emerged more strongly in response to inter-group experiences with discrimination. Our results underscore the need to address both inter-group and intraminority-group discrimination experiences. Future interventions can focus on strengthening the effective coping skills that LSMM+ currently employ as potential levers to address LSMM+ health disparities.
TREATMENT OF VULNUS LACERATUM ON THE UPPER NECK OF DOMESTIC CAT: A CASE REPORT
Authors: Pratama Gusti Yohana , Jayawardhita Anak Agung Gde
Published: March 2021

Vulnus laceratumadalah luka robek yang disertai dengan kehilangan jaringan yang minimum disebabkan oleh trauma. Kucing berusia duatahun denganberat badan 2,8kg mengalami luka yang cukup lebar pada bagian leher atas. Secara fisik kondisi kucingmasih aktif, nafsu makan dan minum juga normal. Kucingdidiagnosismengalami vulnus laceratum yang terdapat pada bagian leher atas dengan prognosisfausta. Vulnus laceratumditangani dengan melakukan pembedahan.Proses bedahterlebih dahulu dilakukan pembersihan luka (cleansing)dengan hidrogen peroksida (H2O2) 3%, kemudian pengangkatan jaringan yang mati atau rusak (debridement) untuk membuat luka baru agar bisa menyatu, dan dilanjutkan penutupan luka dengan jahitan (suturing). Pascaoperasidiberikanantibiotik amoksisilin secara intramuskuler serta antiinflamasi berupa deksametason secara per oralhinggahari ke-5, serta pemberian serbuk tabur neomisindan bacitracinsertaiodinsebagai antiseptikdaerah luar luka agar tidakterjadiinfeksi. Pada hari ke-8pascaoperasi, luka terlihat mulai membaikdan mengering, kondisi kucing mulai aktif menunjukan tanda kesembuhan.
GARDNER'S PARADOX AND THEORY OF DESCRIPTIONS
Authors: RUJEVIĆ GORAN
Published: March 2021

Martin Gardner's two-children paradox posits two scenarios, in one we know that of two children one is a girl, and in the other we know that of two children the older one is a girl. The chances of the other child being a girl is not the same in these two scenarios, in the first being 1 in 3 while in the second they are 1 in 2. Gardner himself believed that the problem of this paradox lies in the ambiguous way the scenarios are articulated. However, it is possible to show that the original version of the paradox provides sufficient content for a meaningful explanation of these unexpected results. Inspired by comments by Leonard Mlodinow, we attempt to provide a comprehensible explanation for this counterintuitive change with help of Bertrand Russell's theory of descriptions. The difference between the two scenarios then boils down to the difference between indefinite and definite descriptions.
Chinese Diplomacy: Context of Academic Discourse
Authors: Grachikov E.
Published: March 2021

The article examines the seventy-year history of the diplomacy of the People’s Republic of China, which went through two large 30-year cycles of its development, associated with the names of Mao Zedong and Deng Xiaoping, the leaders of the country of the first and second generation, and Xi Jinping, which has been conducting its foreign policy since 2013. The diplomacy of Mao Zedong is characterized by such features as a strong ideological component and a strategy for joining alliances. Deng Xiaoping’s diplomacy is distinguished by its economic orientation and the strategy of not join¬ing alliances. Xi Jinping is actively conducting “great power diplomacy” and the “belt and path” geo-economic project in the context of the formation of new structures of the system of international relations with its predominant influence. The article also explores the independent variables of China’s diplomacy. The first is the conceptualization of all diplomatic activity in the form of strategies: short-term (about 10 years) and long-term (about 30 years), with two to three years of settlement between them. Another one that has had a significant impact on the diplomacy of China over the past 40 years is its conditionality in relations with the United States, its main global partner and geopolitical competitor, to whom, due to the trade war, it has lost all strategic trust. Another feature of China’s modern diplomacy is its global nature, network-centricity, coverage of the entire world political space and a clear desire to change its status in global governance from adopting norms and rules (norm-taker) to their creation (norm-maker). Great attention is paid to the analysis of modern forms of China’s diplomacy. The article presents a Chinese view of the history and modern diplomacy of the People’s Republic of China, reflected in Chinese academic discourse, party documents and speeches of the country’s leaders. Acknowledgements. The article was prepared within the framework of the scientific project of Russian Foundation for Basic Research – Chinese Academy of Social Sciences No. 20-514-930003 “Russia and China in the global political space: harmonization of national interests in global governance”.