bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
HYBRID WARFARE AS A NEW TYPE OF ARMED CONFLICT IN THE MODERN WORLD
Authors: JAKUBIAK Ewa
Published: August 2022

It has been over eight years since the Russian Federation illegally conquered Crimea. It was probably the apogee of the biggest noise about the "Russian hybrid war". Some authors in the literature on the subject have completely questioned this concept, while others have perceived it as a new way of waging war. In recent years, hybrid war has become a new but controversial term in academic, political book positions to suggest a kind of combination of different military and non-military means and methods. The ongoing war conflict in Ukraine has shown the important role played by well-organized propaganda. It must not be forgotten that one of the most important goals of contemporary hybrid wars is to win a battle in the enemy's mind. In order to achieve this, it is necessary to have a free media market, in which the aggressor occupies a strong position or such a level of access to modern telecommunications technologies among the population of the attacked state, which will allow for widespread familiarization with propaganda and information materials posted on social networks, websites. The aim of the article is to present the issue of hybrid warfare in the modern world .Given the vastness and depth of Messner's insights, his work could be expected to occupy a more prominent place in all analyses and discussions related to the “Russian hybrid warfare”. This is especially true in comparison to the noise surrounding the article (which is also very interesting) written by Russian General Gerasimov in 2013 on the tendency to blur the boundaries between states of war and peace.The formula of the hybrid warfare in eastern Ukraine and the Gerasimov doctrine launched a discussion on the military power of Russia, the state and significance of conventional forces, the ability to project strength, the state and scope of non-military instruments that, as part of the synergy effect, may support military ones, with particular emphasis on the role of propaganda.
CO2 Interiors
Authors: Kairuz Eduardo , Spurr Sam
Published: August 2022

Are there any ulterior narratives that could be mined through a close examination and interpretation of the coal mine interior spaces? CO2 Interiors is a visual essay that addresses this question. And to do so, it unpacks a meticulously curated group of archival images that expose the covert narratives of colonialism and slow violence embedded in coal mining’s (extra)ordinary interiors. This creative exercise entails integrating text into images that include a 19th Century etching of young children pushing coal-filled carriages through steep mine tunnels; and a still from an animated film produced in the 1950s by the National Coal Board Film Unit in Britain. There is an image of human tissue affected by Black Lung Disease; and a photograph of a former Australian Prime Minister enacting the mythology of the alpha male explorer, plunging into the unknown and forbidden depths of the planet. Collectively, these image/text hybrids posit an experimental narrative—an assemblage—that starkly contrasts with contemporary depictions by the mining industry, focused on the technical and quantitative aspects of the activity or greenwashing its multiscalar and devastating effects. This project engages multiple forms of visual representation (historical, spatial, political, and ideological) that have conjured a mythology of coal mining still present today. In doing so, certain refrains echo and multiply, persisting across time frames and political borders to produce a taxonomy of subterranean effects. Integrating text and images, our devices yield a performative reading that seeks to raise awareness and produce affect. As such, CO2 Interiors amplifies our understanding of coal mining beyond its economic and environmental repercussions and well into its social, political, and cultural implications—especially the spatial ones. While the 2019 Australian Federal Election results attest to the embedded mythology of coal mining that is still impossible to restrain, CO2 Interiors dismantles and reassembles it, recasting the false narrative of progress, equity, and solidarity that has been projected from within the coal mine interior space. This curated assemblage of coal stories accumulates as evidence to be critically analysed in order to truly achieve a sustainable post-carbon future.
Opening expanding spaces: interiors in Lacaton and Vassal
Authors: Benjamin Andrew
Published: August 2022

The aim of this article is to address the work of the interior in the architecture of Lacaton and Vassal. Integral to the overall argument is the claim that the interior does not have an essential nature. It is thus the site of different forms of life. The linkage to life is intended to create the conditions for actual critical refection on the presence either of claims about the interior in general or projected specific designs.
Closed Down Clubs
Authors: Connor Fiona
Published: August 2022

Closed Down Clubs is a body of work that replicates doors to clubs located in various places the artist encounters, where personal, technological, economic, and political forces have led to their failure as part of the urban fabric. As full-scale objects that one can walk around, these doors are place holders for the entities they mimic or represent; they point to places that had once supported communities, autonomous places that have now been erased.
The archive is the source material for a number of exhibitions internationally. When not on exhibition, this archive is based in Connor’s studio. The visual essay charts the artist’s making process in her own words, accompanied by photographs taken by Marten Elder in her studio. This piece expands on and will become part of the archive, and along the way, ruminates on an extraordinary moment of NOW.
PENGARUH BRAND AWARENESS, TRANSPARANSI, DAN KEPERCAYAAN TERHADAP KEPUTUSAN MENYALURKAN ZIS DI KITABISA.COM
Authors: Azizah Nur , Hasbi Sahlan , Yetty Fitri
Published: August 2022

Financial Technology is evidence of innovation in the financial services sector that makes it very easy for the public. Fintech is not only used for buying and selling transactions only. But it can be used as a crowdfunding platform conducted online. One of the most popular crowdfunding platforms operating in Indonesia in terms of ZIS fundraising is crowdfunding Kitabisa.com. This study aims to explain the effect that occurs on brand awareness (X1), transparency (X2), and trust (X3) on people's decisions to distribute ZIS through crowdfunding Kitabisa.com (Y). The method used is quantitative methods. The samples used in the study were users of the Kitabisa.com platform, with a total sample of 121 people in the Jabodetabek area. The data used is primary. This study uses a questionnaire instrument and a Likert scale. This study uses multiple linear regression analysis methods and using SPSS Statistics version 23. The results of this study indicate that the variables of brand awareness, transparency, and trust have a significant partial and simultaneous effect on the public's decision to distribute ZIS through crowdfunding Kitabisa.com.
ANALISIS STRATEGI DAN EFEKTIVITAS PENGEMBANGAN UKM MELALUI PEMBIAYAAN INVOICE SYARIAH PADA PT. INVESTREE DI MASA PANDEMI COVID-19
Authors: Ningsih Setia , Yetty Fitri , Sari Lili Puspita
Published: August 2022

The development of the SME sector in Indonesia is growing every year. However, since the emergence of the Covid-19 outbreak which has been confirmed for the first time to enter Indonesia since March 2020, the SME sector has become increasingly suboptimal in its development. The presence of fintech makes it easier for people to apply for financing rather than applying for financing to banks. The emergence of fintech companies that have products specifically for SMEs, namely sharia invoice financing such as the one at PT. Investree. The purpose of this study is to determine the strategy and effectiveness of SME development through sharia invoice financing of PT. Investree during the Covid-19 pandemic. This research uses descriptive qualitative research with a case study approach. The result of this research is the strategy implemented by PT. Investree in developing SMEs during the Covid-19 pandemic is to strengthen collaboration with ecosystem partners, improve credit scoring capabilities and innovate business processes. Then, to see the effectiveness of providing financing using indicators of quality, administration, price and the right amount and time which can support the effectiveness of providing sharia invoice financing at PT. Investree during the Covid-19 pandemic.
PERBANDINGAN PENANGANAN HUTANG PIUTANG DI BANK BNI SYARIAH DAN BAITUL MAAL WAT TAMWIL FAJAR
Authors: Kusnandar Enan , Midisen Kisanda , Rahmadani Sekar Ayu
Published: August 2022

To deal with problems related to sources of funds or capital is the bank. Currently, people are more interested in Islamic institutions. Both Islamic banks and BMTs are shariah. In this study the authors found two institutions that have differences in the handling of accounts payable. Therefore, the author is interested in finding out more about the differences between the two institutions. The purpose of this study is to find out the differences in how to handle accounts payable. To find out the difference in the way of handling accounts payable to customers who died and customers who were affected by the disaster, To find out how the Islamic perspective in handling accounts payable.

Al-Qardh is property that is cut to help people in need and then returned to the debtor in full as he received it. In this study there are differences in the handling of accounts payable.

This research includes descriptive qualitative research that focuses intensively on a particular object to study it as a case and reveals events or facts, circumstances, phenomena, variables and circumstances that occurred during the research by writing down what actually happened.

The results of this study are the findings of 2 differences between BNI Syariah Banks that use insurance in each of their financing as a protection system to benefit both parties. And KSPPS BMT Fajar does not use insurance in every financing because the BMT thinks that insurance is the same as gambling, the system is gharar. However, from the two institutions, the implementation is in accordance with sharia principles.

Based on the research, it can be concluded that there are differences in the handling of accounts payable in the protection system at BNI Syariah Bank while BMT Fajar does not use a protection system. However, both institutions are in accordance with Islamic law.
PEMBANGUNAN EKONOMI ISLAM BERBASIS KOMUNITAS
Authors: Fredly Alfarraby  , Khansa Hasna Nurhaliza  , Najuwa Aurel Annisa
Published: August 2022

The economic sector is one indicator of the development of a country. The economy in a country cannot only be supported by the government of that country. Community organizations are also needed to support community economic activities. Several community organizations in the fields of education and religion, such as Islamic Boarding Schools, Nahdlatul Ulama, and Muhammadiyah, in their journey can become strategic supporters in carrying out developments in the ummah's economic sector. Along the way, there have been several attempts that have been made by these three organizations in pursuing the economic growth of the community, but not least in the recent results, which are still below expectations. Educational and religious organizations, such as Muhammadiyah, Nahdlatul Ulama, and Islamic boarding schools are basically non-profit oriented organizations that have the ability to create socio-economic welfare as well as develop the potential of existing human resources. This description contains the programs and policies that have been carried out by these three organizations in relation to the economic development and empowerment of the Indonesian people. Through the programs and policies of these three organizations, it is hoped that they will be able to create support from the community as well as improve the economic welfare of the Indonesian people.
PERAN RELIGIUSITAS DALAM PENGELOLAAN KANTOR AKUNTAN PUBLIK PADA MASA PANDEMI COVID-19
Authors: Erfan Muhammad  , Atik Abidah
Published: August 2022

The emergence of covid-19 as a non-natural disaster has an impact on the management of the Public Accounting Firm. There are problems in managing a Public Accounting Firm during the pandemic, including; limitations in carrying out audit procedures, the labor load remains high, and revenue declines because many companies are making losses. Religiosity can play a role in this problem, where with religiosity you can see things not only from the material side, but also look at life more broadly. This research was conducted using unstructured interviews with the head of a public accounting firm who are considered to have high religiosity. The results of the study indicate that religiosity has a role in the management of Public Accounting Firms during the pandemic, both in managing employees and in audit quality.
Artifices of Anastrepha obliqua (Macquart, 1835) (Diptera: Tephritidae) for survival in umbu, endemic fruit from Brazil
Authors: Oliveira Jhonny G. , Bezerra-Silva Gerane C. D. , Santos Junior Pedro L. , Luz Domingas S. , Lopes Gleidyane N. , Silva Mácio A.
Published: August 2022

We studied the interaction involving umbu, fruit flies and parasitoids in the Brazilian cerrado biome in Piauí state. The fruits were collected in Baixa Grande do Ribeiro and Uruçuí in the period from February to April 2013 and were analyzed in Laboratory. In this study is being published the first occurrence of Anastrepha obliqua (Macquart, 1835) in umbu fruits and two parasitoids, Aganaspis pelleranoi (Brèthes, 1924) and Opius bellus (Gahan, 1930), in Piauí. Where 77.8 % of the fruits were infested by A. obliqua, with 149.4 pupae / kg (2.4 pupae / fruit) and the parasitism rate was 2.7 %. Natural parasitism is not very significant, however, less pupae were found in fruits with parasitized larvae, suggesting that the fly avoids oviposition. Additionally , it was found that the A. obliqua performs multiple oviposition in umbu during host selection and multiple infestations is a factor that increases the likelihood of emergence of A. obliqua during the colonization of umbu. The tritrophic interaction among S. tuberosa, A. obliqua and O. bellus was discussed.
Social Security Coordination (Social Insurance) in European Union: Institutional and Legal Principles
Authors: SHESTAKOVA Kateryna , YAREMCHUK Serhii , HNATCHUK Oksana
Published: August 2022

The article analyses the content and institutional and legal framework for the coordination of social welfare systems in the European Union. Analysing documents in particular, EU Acts and Regulations, as well as taking into account modern scientific research, the material substantiates the existence of a separate area of scientific and practical activities in the European Union, namely, social welfare. It is specified that «social welfare» as a theoretical construct and direction of public policy should be considered within the concept of «social security». In a narrower context, social security can be interpreted as a basic social standard, which in most cases is implemented through social insurance. The social welfare coordination system in the European Union is quite complex and undergoing constant change. The need for modernization in view of changes in working conditions in the modern world has been updated in the period of the coronavirus pandemic. According to European Union regulations, the main areas of social welfare in the EU cover payments in connection in specific situations. Such situations are included: sickness benefits, maternity and paternity benefits, invalidity benefits, old-age benefits, survivors’ benefits, benefits related to accidents at work and occupational diseases, and benefits in connection with death, unemployment benefits, pre-retirement benefits and family benefits. The article identifies the basic principles of coordination of social welfare systems in the European Union. Among others, the most important of these is equal treatment of all people; free movement of people; unity of legislation applicable in this field in different countries; the provision that rights acquired in one country are retained in another; and the idea that insurance periods acquired in other countries summed up. In addition, the material offers a comprehensive analysis of all major EU legal acts coordinating social security systems at national levels.
Communication Strategy as a Direction of Public Health Development at the Regional Level
Authors: DEMIKHOV Oleksii
Published: August 2022

The current direction in the field of health care reform in Ukraine, such as the development of public health at the regional level, is considered. Aspects of public health reform in Ukraine are explored in the article. Peculiarities of public health development at the regional level on the example of development and implementation of the communication strategy of the Sumy Regional Council «Regional Clinical Medical Centre for Socially Dangerous Diseases» are studied. The analysis identifies some problems in this area and develops measures to improve the next steps in advocacy and public health promotion at the community level. Comprehensive measures to improve the preparation and implementation of communication strategies in public health at the regional level in Ukraine are justified. In particular, new approaches are proposed, such as improving regulatory policy procedures and developing public strategies, programs and projects for public health based on digital technologies; population research and surveys; institutionalization of the use of research evidence in health decision-making; education and enlightenment of the population, including the development for this purpose of special applications, games, health programs; promoting knowledge sharing; clustering in the field of public health, including the creation of formal integrated structures; use of social media to prevent disease and healthy living; providing access to advanced knowledge, including the use of foreign language resources; protection of intellectual property rights; ensuring the confidentiality and security of people's data; ethics of digital interaction. It is established that in general the principles for the development of public health are formed in Ukraine. The Centre for Public Health of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine should be appointed the main coordinator in the process of further such development. It is recommended to strengthen the interaction of the Centre with the regions, which will allow the systematic implementation of a culture of health. At the same time, due attention should be paid to measures to prevent disease and create a favourable living environment. To this end, the financial and institutional capacity of the Centre should certainly be strengthened. In addition to health outcomes, this approach will significantly contribute to the implementation of agreements under the Association Agreement with the European Union. It is proved that with the help of public policy instruments in the field of public health, the culture of health in the cities and regions of Ukraine is formed as a multifaceted concept.
Effect of Extracorporeal Shockwave Therapy on Spasticity in Patients with Cerebral Palsy: A Meta-analysis of Timing of Outcome Measurement
Authors:   Yuengnam Univ., Chang Min Cheol , Choo Yoo Jin , Kwak Sang Gyu , Nam Kiyeun , Kim Sae Yoon , Lee Hee Jin , Kwak Soyoung
Published: August 2022

Review question / Objective: Extracorporeal shockwave therapy (ESWT) has recently been suggested as an alternative treatment for managing spasticity in children with cerebral palsy (CP). However, little is known about the duration of its effect on reducing spasticity in CP patients. Herein, we conducted a meta-analysis to evaluate the effect of ESWT in controlling spasticity in CP patients according to the follow-up periods. Condition being studied: Recently, extracorporeal shockwave therapy (ESWT) has been suggested as an alternative treatment for managing spasticity in children with CP. ESWT has merits in that it can be applied easily and conveniently without significant procedural pain and rarely causes major complications. Previous clinical trials evaluated the effect of ESWT in reducing spasticity in CP patients. In a 2019 meta-analysis showed that ESWT has a positive spasticity-reducing effect; however, they evaluated only the effect immediately after the termination of ESWT. For the clinical use of ESWT, clinicians should be aware of the duration of the spasticity-reducing effect after ESWT completion. In the present meta-analysis, we evaluated the effect of ESWT on spasticity in CP patients according to the follow-up periods.
Analisis Hukum Penempatan Investasi yang Mengalami Kegagalan Pada Perusahaan Asuransi PT. Asabri (Persero)
Authors: Lubis Manertiur Meilina , Simanjuntak Kornelius
Published: August 2022

Bahwa pada penelitian ini mengkaji dampak hukum penempatan investasi yang mengalami kegagalan pada perusahaan asuransi PT. Asabri (Persero) dengan meneliti pokok permasalahan terkait akibat penempatan investasi yang mengalami kegagalan pada PT. Asabri (Persero) dan bentuk perlindungan hukum serta tanggung jawab PT. Asabri (Persero) terhadap pemegang polis. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah yuridis normatif dengan analisis data secara kualitatif dan dalam menjawab permasalahan peneliti menggunakan teori kausalitas (sebab akibat) yang akan mengkaji secara teori dan analisa hukum berkaitan dengan permasalahan. Hasil penelitian ini menghasilkan analisis hukum mengenai akibat dan faktor terjadinya kegagalan investasi pada PT. Asabri (Persero) yaitu terdapatnya kerugian diportofolio saham milik PT. Asabri sehingga mengakibatkan negara mengalami kerugian. Dalam penelitian ini, penulis menemukan saran untuk mengurangi permasalahan yang sama dimasa yang akan datang yaitu agar pemerintah/lembaga terkait lebih tegas dan bijak lagi dalam melakukan pengawasan terhadap Perusahaan Asuransi Badan Usaha Milik Negara agar selaras dengan peraturan yang ada.
DIFFERENT METHODOLOGIES TO SOLVE VLSI FLOORPLANNING PROBLEM
Authors:   Department of Computer Applications, Global Group of Institutes, Amritsar (Punjab), India, Jain Leena , Singh Amarbir ,   Assistant Professor, Baba Budha College, Bir Sahib, Tarn Taran (Punjab), India
Published: August 2022

Due to the exponential increase in number of components on a VLSI (Very Large-Scale Integration) chip over the years, there is a need to develop automated algorithms to decide the relative positions of circuits on a chip. In order to improve the performance of a chip, it is essential to deal with multiple objectives including area and wire length during the floor planning phase. Modern very large-scale integration technology is based on fixed-outline floorplan constraints, generally with an objective of minimizing area and wirelength between the modules. This survey paper gives an up-to-date account on various approaches used to solve VLSI floor planning problem. Keywords—Genetic algorithm, Non-slicing floorplan, Soft modules, VLSI floor planning.
POPULARITY OF AYURVEDIC MEDICINE AFTER COVID-19
Authors:   Uttaranchal institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Uttaranchal University, India, 248007. Dehradun, Uttarakhand, Gairola Nidhi
Published: August 2022

Treatments for the current global COVID-19 pandemic are still being studied. There are many drugs like Antivirals and immunomodulators have had varying degrees of success in clinical trials. Traditional herbal treatments are widely used to treat a variety of ailments. for disease prevention and treatment, particularly in countries with limited resources. It is really worth noting that now in lower elevations, COVID-related mortality rates were lower. Countries in comparison to the western world other factors that contributed to the disparity nationality, temp, relative humidity, normal resistance, and nourishment are all factors to consider. Objective: The goal of this study was to find out popularity of traditional herbs were utilized in north India to protect against COVID. Method: From October to November 2021, a questionnaire-based study was done in Dehradun district at different place North India. The brief interview was conducted at the request of the participants. A pre-designed questionnaire was used to record responses (Annexure). The data was analyses using descriptive statistics. The interview drew a total of 500 participants. Mask was utilized by the majority of respondents 84%. The use of traditional herbs and spices was affirmed by 66% of the respondents. COVID positive was found in 4 % (n = 10) of the respondents' family members. Key world: COVID-19, Traditional herb, statistics, questionnaire, immunity
Inhibitory effect of Dalbergia latifoia extract on acetylcholinesterase enzyme by invitro methods
Authors:   Department of Pharmacology, Sree Vidyanikethan College of Pharmacy, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, India., P Dharani Prasad
Published: August 2022

The present study was conducted to evaluate acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitory effects of Dalbergia latifoia. The hexane, ethylacetate and ethanolic extract of Dalbergia latifoia were tested for their invitro anticholinesterase inhibitory effect by spectrophotometeric and by TLC bioassay method.The result revealed that ethanolic extract of Dalbergia latifoia showed better anticholinesterase inhibition compared to other extracts. The most active one was found to be ethanolic extract of Dalbergia latifoia having IC50 value at 81±1.56 µg/ml. Hexane extract of Dalbergia latifoia has not shown any anticholinesterase inhibitory effect. Ethylacetate extract of Dalbergia latifoia was found to have IC50 value at 625±2.65 µg/ml. TLC bioassay is an easier and rapid means for detection of enzyme inhibition. The hexane, ethylacetate and ethanolic extract of Dalbergia latifoia were tested for their anticholinesterase inhibition by TLC bioassay TLC bioassay is an easier and rapid means for detection of enzyme inhibition. The active spots appearedas white spots on yellow background. Ethanolic extract of Dalbergia latifoia showed more than one active spots compared to other extracts. The TLC assay also demonstrated AchE inhibitory activity for ethanolic extract of Dalbergia latifoia. Keywords: Dalbergia latifoia, acetylcholinesterase, Alzheimer’s disease, TLC bioautography
Molecular Characterisation of Carbapenemase-Producing Acinetobacter baumannii isolates from Hospitalised Patients in Iraq
Authors: Nawal Haji Mahmood  , Al-Brefkani Azad
Published: August 2022

Carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii has been considered one of the major threats to patients worldwide. To evaluate carbapenemase in several clinical isolates using phenotypic and genotypic approaches. A total of 49 A. baumannii isolates were tested against imipenem and meropenem discs on Muller Hinton agar, then screened phenotypically through the modified Hodge test (MHT), combined disc test (CDT) and modified carbapenem inactivation method (mCIM). The tested isolates have been subjected to polymerase chain reaction (PCR) detection to identify some carbapenemase-encoding genes and one insertion sequence. The carbapenem resistance profile showed 96% and 94% resistance to imipenem and meropenem, respectively. MHT and mCIM were able to produce carbapenemase in 94% and 98% of isolates, respectively, while CDT was able to produce metallo-B-lactamase (MBL) only in 59.2% of isolates. The PCR amplification of blaOXA-51 has been observed in all isolates. We found blaOXA-23 in 98% of isolates. Insertion sequence ISAba1 was present in all positive blaOXA-23 strains (98%). A blaVIM gene encoding MBL was present in 71% of isolates, but none of the isolates has been positive for blaKPC and blaNDM. The high rate of carbapenem resistance in A. baumannii became a serious threat worldwide. Concerning phenotypic tests, mCIM was the most sensitive compared to MHT and CDT. This study established that blaOXA-23 and blaOXA-51 have been the most prevalent among class D carbapenemase, and blaVIM among class B carbapenemase. The present study suggests that there might be silent carbapenemase genes in carbapenem-sensitive strains.
A Study of Bacterial Vaginosis and Associated Risk Factors among Married Women in Zakho City, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
Authors: Haydar Shivan Othman , Naqid Ibrahim
Published: August 2022

Bacterial Vaginosis (BV) is a leading cause of reproductive tract problems, affecting mostly women of reproductive age group, worldwide. The aim of this study is to detect the infection rate of BV and then evaluate the risk factors associated with this bacterium among married women in Zakho city, Iraq. This cross-sectional study was performed among a 150-reproductive-age women's group from October 2021 till April 2022. The administered and structured questionnaire was designed to measure demographic, risk factors, and clinical characteristics. The vaginal swabs were collected from each subject and used for microscopical examination, including wet mount, vaginal pH, germ tube, and Gram stain methods to analyze the infection rate. The analysis of univariate regression analysis was applied to determine the relationships between BV and associated risk factors and clinical characteristics. The average age of participants was 32.64 years (±8.01 SD). The prevalence of BV was 41 (27.33%) among married women. About 12 (8%) and 1 (0.67%) of participants had mixed infections with Candida albicans and Trichomonas vaginalis, respectively. BV was found mostly among the age group less than 20 years (41.67) followed by age group of 40-50 years (37.93%). We found a higher infection rate among subjects from rural area (34.78%), but statistically not significant (p=0.17). Higher number of births was statistically associated to BV (OR 1.17, 1.006-1.37; p=0.003). BV was also highly associated among symptomatic patients with abnormal vaginal discharges (OR 4.18, 1.89-1.9.23; p=0.002), genital ulcer (OR 0.34, 0.13-0.84; p=0.01), and vaginal pH level more than 4.5 (OR 0.009, 0.002-0.043; p=0.001). BV is still prevalent among married women in our region. The higher infection rate was significantly associated with higher birth numbers, vaginal discharges, genital ulcers, and higher vaginal pH. There is an urgent requirement for regular screening for bacterial vaginosis among symptomatic women. Therefore, the early detection of risk factors associated with bacterial vaginal growth is critical to enhancing the health condition of married women, in order to prevent the risk of BV.
THE ESTIMATION OF INDICATORS OF CENTRAL HAEMODYNAMICS IN INTERRELATION WITH TOLERANCE TO PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AT PREGNANT WOMEN WITH MYOCARDITIS
Authors: Zakirova F. A. , Bekbulatova I. R. , Yusupbaev R. B.
Published: August 2022

Within the limits of research indicators of central hemodynamics in interrelation with tolerance to physical activity at pregnant women with myocarditis were estimated. 109 pregnant women from 19-35 years in 2 trimester gestosis are surveyed. Spent an electrocardiogram, EhoKG with definition a myocardial working index, test with physical activity. Results have shown that frequency of heartbeat, average pulmonary pressure, the sizes left ventricle authentically higher in group of pregnant women with myocarditis that is accompanied by decrease contractile abilities of a myocardium and an index myocarditis a reserve. The length of the passed distance the walking 6 minute test is more in group of healthy women. Direct correlation dependence between the passed distance and factor myocarditis a reserve in group of pregnant women with myocarditis is defined.
FIESTA II. Disentangling Stellar and Instrumental Variability from Exoplanetary Doppler Shifts in the Fourier Domain
Authors: Zhao J. , Ford Eric B. , Tinney C. G.
Published: August 2022

The radial velocity (RV) detection of exoplanets is challenged by stellar spectroscopic variability that can mimic the presence of planets and by instrumental instability that can further obscure the detection. Both stellar and instrumental changes can distort the spectral line profiles and be misinterpreted as apparent RV shifts. We present an improved FourIEr phase SpecTrum Analysis (FIESTA, aka ϕESTA) to disentangle apparent velocity shifts due to a line deformation from a true Doppler shift. ϕESTA projects a stellar spectrum’s cross-correlation function (CCF) onto a truncated set of Fourier basis functions. Using the amplitude and phase information from each Fourier mode, we can trace the line variability at different CCF width scales to robustly identify and mitigate multiple sources of RV contamination. For example, in our study of the 3 yr of HARPS-N solar data, ϕESTA reveals the solar rotational effect, the long-term trend due to solar magnetic cycle, instrumental instability, and apparent solar rotation rate changes. Applying a multiple linear regression model on ϕESTA metrics, we reduce the weighted rms noise from 1.89 to 0.98 m s−1. In addition, we observe a ∼3-day lag in the ϕESTA metrics, similar to the findings from previous studies on the bisector inverse slope and FWHM.
CLASSY V: The Impact of Aperture Effects on the Inferred Nebular Properties of Local Star-forming Galaxies
Authors: Arellano-Córdova Karla Z. , Mingozzi Matilde , Berg Danielle A. , James Bethan L. , Rogers Noah S. J. , Aloisi Alessandra , Amorín Ricardo O. , Brinchmann Jarle , Charlot Stéphane , Chisholm John , Heckman Timothy , Dubón Stefany Fabian , Hayes Matthew , Hernandez Svea , Jones Tucker , Kumari Nimisha , Leitherer Claus , Martin Crystal L. , Nanayakkara Themiya , Pogge Richard W. , Sanders Ryan , Senchyna Peter , Skillman Evan D. , Stark Dan P. , Wofford Aida , Xu Xinfeng
Published: August 2022

Strong nebular emission lines are an important diagnostic tool for tracing the evolution of star-forming galaxies across cosmic time. However, different observational setups can affect these lines, and the derivation of the physical nebular properties. We analyze 12 local star-forming galaxies from the COS Legacy Spectroscopy SurveY (CLASSY) to assess the impact of using different aperture combinations on the determination of the physical conditions and gas-phase metallicity. We compare optical spectra observed with the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Data Release aperture, which has a 3″ diameter similar to COS, IFU, and long-slit spectra, including new LBT/MODS observations of five CLASSY galaxies. We calculate the reddening, electron densities and temperatures, metallicities, star formation rates, and equivalent widths (EWs). We find that measurements of the electron densities and temperatures, and metallicity remained roughly constant with aperture size, indicating that the gas conditions are relatively uniform for this sample. However, using IFU observations of three galaxies, we find that the E(B − V) values derived from the Balmer ratios decrease (by up to 53%) with increasing aperture size. The values change most significantly in the center of the galaxies, and level out near the COS aperture diameter of 2.″5. We examine the relative contributions from the gas and stars using the Hα and [O iii] λ5007 EWs as a function of aperture light fraction, but find little to no variations within a given galaxy. These results imply that the optical spectra provide nebular properties appropriate for the far-UV CLASSY spectra, even when narrow 1.″0 long-slit observations are used.
Aura-3D: A Three-dimensional Atmospheric Retrieval Framework for Exoplanet Transmission Spectra
Authors: Nixon Matthew C. , Madhusudhan Nikku
Published: August 2022

Atmospheric retrievals of exoplanet transmission spectra allow constraints on the composition and structure of the day–night terminator region. Such retrievals in the past have typically assumed one-dimensional (1D) temperature structures which were adequate to explain extant observations. However, the increasing data quality expected from exoplanet spectroscopy with the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) motivates considerations of multidimensional atmospheric retrievals. We present Aura-3D, a three-dimensional atmospheric retrieval framework for exoplanet transmission spectra. Aura-3D includes a forward model that enables rapid computation of transmission spectra in 3D geometry for a given atmospheric structure and can, therefore, be used for atmospheric retrievals as well as for computing spectra from general circulation models (GCMs). In order to efficiently explore the space of possible 3D temperature structures in retrievals, we develop a parametric 3D pressure–temperature profile which can accurately represent azimuthally averaged temperature structures of a range of hot Jupiter GCMs. We apply our retrieval framework to simulated JWST observations of hot Jupiter transmission spectra, obtaining accurate estimates of the day–night temperature variation across the terminator as well as the abundances of chemical species. We demonstrate an example of a model hot Jupiter transmission spectrum for which a traditional 1D retrieval of JWST-quality data returns biased abundance estimates, whereas a retrieval including a day–night temperature gradient can accurately retrieve the true abundances. Our forward model also has the capability to include inhomogeneous chemistry as well as variable clouds/hazes. This new retrieval framework opens the field to detailed multidimensional atmospheric characterization using transmission spectra of exoplanets in the JWST era.
Ionized Outflows in Nearby Quasars Are Poorly Coupled to Their Host Galaxies
Authors: Molina Juan , Ho Luis C. , Wang Ran , Shangguan Jinyi , Bauer Franz E. , Treister Ezequiel , Zhuang Ming-Yang , Ricci Claudio , Bian Fuyan
Published: August 2022

We analyze Multi-Unit Spectroscopic Explorer observations of nine low-redshift (z < 0.1) Palomar-Green quasar host galaxies to investigate the spatial distribution and kinematics of the warm, ionized interstellar medium, with the goal of searching for and constraining the efficiency of active galactic nucleus (AGN) feedback. After separating the bright AGN from the starlight and nebular emission, we use pixel-wise, kpc-scale diagnostics to determine the underlying excitation mechanism of the line emission, and we measure the kinematics of the narrow-line region (NLR) to estimate the physical properties of the ionized outflows. The radial size of the NLR correlates with the AGN luminosity, reaching scales of ∼5 kpc and beyond. The geometry of the NLR is well-represented by a projected biconical structure, suggesting that the AGN radiation preferably escapes through the ionization cone. We find enhanced velocity dispersions (≳100 km s−1) traced by the Hα emission line in localized zones within the ionization cones. Interpreting these kinematic features as signatures of interaction between an AGN-driven ionized gas outflow and the host galaxy interstellar medium, we derive mass-outflow rates of ∼0.008–1.6 M
⊙ yr−1 and kinetic injection rates of ∼1039–1042 erg s−1, which yield extremely low coupling efficiencies of ≲10−3. These findings add to the growing body of recent observational evidence that AGN feedback is highly ineffective in the host galaxies of nearby AGNs.
Unexpected Dancing Partners: Tracing the Coherence between the Spin and Motion of Dark Matter Halos
Authors: Kim Yigon , Smith Rory , Shin Jihye
Published: August 2022

A recent study conducted using CALIFA survey data has found that the orbital motions of neighbor galaxies are coherent with the spin direction of a target galaxy on scales of many megaparsecs. We study this so-called “large-scale coherence” phenomenon using N-body cosmological simulations. We confirm a strong coherence signal within 1 Mpc h
−1 of a target galaxy, reaching out to 6 Mpc h
−1. We divide the simulation halos into subsamples based on mass, spin, merger history, and local halo number density for both target and neighbor halos. We find a clear dependency on the mass of the target halo only. Another key parameter is the local number density of both target and neighbor halos, with high-density regions such as clusters and groups providing the strongest coherence signals, rather than filaments or lower-density regions. However we do not find a clear dependency on halo spin or time since last major merger. The most striking result we find is that the signal can be detected up to 15 Mpc h
−1 from massive halos. These results provide valuable lessons on how observational studies could more clearly detect coherence, and we discuss the implications of our results for the origins of large-scale coherence.
Gravelamps: Gravitational Wave Lensing Mass Profile Model Selection
Authors: Wright Mick , Hendry Martin
Published: August 2022

We present the package Gravelamps, which is designed to analyze gravitationally lensed gravitational wave signals in order to constrain the mass density profile of the lensing object. Gravelamps does this via parameter estimation using the framework of bilby, which enables estimation of both the lens and the source parameters. The package can be used to study both microlensing and macrolensing cases, where the lensing mass distribution is described by a point-mass and extended-mass density profile, respectively. It allows the user to easily and freely switch between a full wave optics and approximate geometric optics description. The performance of Gravelamps is demonstrated via simulated analysis of both microlensing and macrolensing events, illustrating its capability for both parameter estimation and model selection in the wave optics and hybrid environments. To further demonstrate the utility of the package, the real gravitational-wave event GW170809 was analyzed using Gravelamps; this event was found to yield no strong evidence supporting the lensing hypothesis, consistent with previously published results.
Prospect of Detecting TeV Halos with LHAASO: In the Framework of the Anisotropic Diffusion Model
Authors: Yan Kai , Liu Ruo-Yu , Chen S. Z. , Wang Xiang-Yu
Published: August 2022

The particle diffusion coefficients of TeV pulsar halos observed so far are inferred to be significantly smaller than the typical value of the interstellar medium (ISM). The anisotropic diffusion model ascribes the slow diffusion to the cross-field diffusion, assuming sub-Alfvénic turbulence in the ISM around the pulsar if the viewing angle between the observer’s line-of-sight (LOS) to the pulsar and the local mean field direction is small. In general, the TeV halo’s morphology under this model highly depends on the viewing angle, and an elongated, asymmetric morphology is predicted if the LOS is not approximately aligned with the local mean field direction. While the specific requirement of a small viewing angle is supposedly established only for a small fraction of TeV halos, TeV halos with apparent asymmetric morphology have not been detected. In this paper, we will study the expectation of TeV halos measured by the TeV–PeV gamma-ray detector LHAASO in the framework of anisotropic diffusion model, with a particular focus on the influence of the viewing angle on the detectability. We show that a TeV halo is more detectable with a smaller viewing angle, and this selection effect may explain why the morphologies of all three detected TeV halos so far are consistent with being spherical. We also demonstrate that LHAASO is capable of detecting asymmetric TeV halos after several years of operation with reasonable source parameters. This can serve as a critical test of the anisotropic diffusion model.
The California Legacy Survey. III. On the Shoulders of (Some) Giants: The Relationship between Inner Small Planets and Outer Massive Planets
Authors: Rosenthal Lee J. , Knutson Heather A. , Chachan Yayaati , Dai Fei , Howard Andrew W. , Fulton Benjamin J. , Chontos Ashley , Crepp Justin R. , Dalba Paul A. , Henry Gregory W. , Kane Stephen R. , Petigura Erik A. , Weiss Lauren M. , Wright Jason T.
Published: August 2022

We use a high-precision radial velocity survey of FGKM stars to study the conditional occurrence of two classes of planets: close-in small planets (0.023–1 au, 2–30 M
⊕) and distant giant planets (0.23–10 au, 30–6000 M
⊕). We find that

41

−
13

+
15

%

of systems with a close-in, small planet also host an outer giant, compared to

17.6

−
1.9

+
2.4

%

for stars irrespective of small planet presence. This implies that small planet hosts may be enhanced in outer giant occurrences compared to all stars with 1.7σ significance. Conversely, we estimate that

42

−
13

+
17

%

of cold giant hosts also host an inner small planet, compared to

27.6

−
4.8

+
5.8

%

of stars irrespective of cold giant presence. We also find that more massive and close-in giant planets are not associated with small inner planets. Specifically, our sample indicates that small planets are less likely to have outer giant companions more massive than approximately 120 M
⊕ and within 0.3–3 au, than to have less massive or more distant giant companions, with ∼2.2σ confidence. This implies that massive gas giants within 0.3–3 au may suppress inner small planet formation. Additionally, we compare the host-star metallicity distributions for systems with only small planets and those with both small planets and cold giants. In agreement with previous studies, we find that stars in our survey that only host small planets have a metallicity distribution that is consistent with the broader solar-metallicity-median sample, while stars that host both small planets and gas giants are distinctly metal rich with ∼2.3σ confidence.
EMPRESS. V. Metallicity Diagnostics of Galaxies over 12 + log(O/H) ≃ 6.9–8.9 Established by a Local Galaxy Census: Preparing for JWST Spectroscopy
Authors: Nakajima Kimihiko , Ouchi Masami , Xu Yi , Rauch Michael , Harikane Yuichi , Nishigaki Moka , Isobe Yuki , Kusakabe Haruka , Nagao Tohru , Ono Yoshiaki , Onodera Masato , Sugahara Yuma , Kim Ji Hoon , Komiyama Yutaka , Lee Chien-Hsiu , Zahedy Fakhri S.
Published: August 2022

We present optical-line gas metallicity diagnostics established by the combination of local SDSS galaxies and the largest compilation of extremely metal-poor galaxies (EMPGs) including new EMPGs identified by the Subaru EMPRESS survey. A total of 103 EMPGs are included, covering a large parameter space of magnitude (M

i
= −19 to −7) and Hβ equivalent width (10–600 Å), i.e., wide ranges of stellar mass and star formation rate. Using reliable metallicity measurements from the direct method for these galaxies, we derive the relationships between strong optical-line ratios and gas-phase metallicity over the range of

12
+
log
(
O

/

H
)

≃ 6.9–8.9, corresponding to 0.02–2 solar metallicity Z
⊙. We confirm that the R23 index, ([O iii]+[O ii])/Hβ, is the most accurate metallicity indicator with a metallicity uncertainty of 0.14 dex over the range among various popular metallicity indicators. The other metallicity indicators show large scatters in the metal-poor range (≲0.1 Z
⊙). It is explained by our CLOUDY photoionization modeling that, unlike the R23 index, the other metallicity indicators do not use a sum of singly and doubly ionized lines and cannot trace both low- and high-ionization gas. We find that the accuracy of the metallicity indicators is significantly improved if one uses Hβ equivalent width measurements that tightly correlate with ionization states. In this work, we also present the relation of physical properties with the UV-continuum slope β and ionization production rate ξ
ion derived with GALEX data for the EMPGs and provide local anchors of galaxy properties together with the optical-line metallicity indicators that are available in the form of a machine-readable table and useful for forthcoming JWST spectroscopic studies.