bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Circulating ACE2 activity correlates with cardiovascular disease development
Authors: Úri Katalin , Fagyas Miklós , Kertész Attila , Borbély Attila , Jenei Csaba , Bene Orsolya , Csanádi Zoltán , Paulus Walter J , Édes István , Papp Zoltán , Tóth Attila , Lizanecz Erzsébet
Published: December 2016

It was shown recently that angiotensin-converting enzyme activity is limited by endogenous inhibition in vivo, highlighting the importance of angiotensin II (ACE2) elimination. The potential contribution of the ACE2 to cardiovascular disease progression was addressed. Serum ACE2 activities were measured in different clinical states (healthy, n=45; hypertensive, n=239; heart failure (HF) with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) n=141 and HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) n=47). ACE2 activity was significantly higher in hypertensive patients (24.8±0.8 U/ml) than that in healthy volunteers (16.2±0.8 U/ml, p=0.01). ACE2 activity further increased in HFrEF patients (43.9±2.1 U/ml, p=0.001) but not in HFpEF patients (24.6±1.9 U/ml) when compared with hypertensive patients. Serum ACE2 activity negatively correlated with left ventricular systolic function in HFrEF, but not in hypertensive, HFpEF or healthy populations. Serum ACE2 activity had a fair diagnostic value to differentiate HFpEF from HFrEF patients in this study. Serum ACE2 activity correlates with cardiovascular disease development: it increases when hypertension develops and further increases when the cardiovascular disease further progresses to systolic dysfunction, suggesting that ACE2 metabolism plays a role in these processes. In contrast, serum ACE2 activity does not change when hypertension progresses to HFpEF, suggesting a different pathomechanism for HFpEF, and proposing a biomarker-based identification of these HF forms.
Analysing the present: drawing on the legacy of Vere Foster in public policy debate on futures of schools
Authors: Carr John , Beckett Lori
Published: December 2016

This paper sets out a framing analysis for a public policy debate on the future of schools that resonates with practitioners in teaching and teacher education on the island of Ireland, north and south, but also in other countries. This is informed by a democratic impulse to facilitate public policy debates, particularly on the ways schools and higher education institutions are directed and constrained by budget cuts and the shrinking of public funding in this age of austerity and gross inequalities. This is also informed by a need for policy learning about global neoliberal agendas, free-market capitalism and its push towards profit-making schools in systems that are deregulated but experience tighter centralized control, which can result in the domination and control of teachers’ work by politicians, corporate-funded think-tanks, entrepreneurs and business managers. Even though Ireland boasts checks and balances in the form of current structures and education legislation in both jurisdictions, the global financial crisis and the collapse of the ‘Celtic Tiger’ together with the ‘troika’ bail-out and Ireland’s exit from the troika in tandem with the unravelling of the common economic model built up over the last three decades have troubled the constituent social and political settlements with regard to teaching and teacher education. The authors also take inspiration from Vere Foster (1819–1900), an Anglo-Irish gentleman, philanthropist and ‘social worker’ with the poor in post-famine Ireland, as well as a significant social campaigner renowned for his contribution to emigration and education. His ideas, generated at a time of great social upheaval, can be reworked to be appropriate in the Ireland of today to address the neoliberal agenda that has brought the Republic of Ireland economy to the brink of disaster. It is argued that imaginative responses about future possibilities for teaching and teacher education, their form, regulation and accountability are but a few of the terms needed for public policy debate that engages the profession on the type of schooling that would best meet the needs of Irish society now and into the future.
Henri Lefebvre on education: Critique and pedagogy
Authors: Middleton Sue
Published: December 2016

The ‘spatial turn’ in education policy studies fuelled interest in Lefebvre’s work: initially, in his work Production of Space and, more recently, Rhythmanalysis and Right to the City. Yet, although in these texts Lefebvre critiques universities and schools and introduces original pedagogical concepts, their educational strands have attracted little attention. Lefebvre’s other works available in English have been largely overlooked in education literature. As France’s first Professor of Sociology, Lefebvre was passionately engaged with education: in particular, teaching, competing for government grants and leading student activism. Critiques of education are threaded through Lefebvre’s three-volume Critique of Everyday Life, his writings on architecture and anthologies. Lefebvre’s work, The Explosion, is surprisingly neglected. A critique of French universities, it analyses student protests across Paris in 1968 – events in which Lefebvre was a leading activist. In geography and philosophy there are burgeoning secondary literatures on Lefebvre. Laying groundwork for such a literature in education, I survey Lefebvre’s references to education in all the works available in English. Arguing that Lefebvre was an educational thinker in his own right, this paper sketches a ‘roadmap’ for educational readings of Lefebvre’s prolific and largely sociological writing. This paper falls into three parts. The first uncovers core Marxist and phenomenological foundations of Lefebvre’s critiques of universities and schools. Building on these, it introduces Lefebvre’s pedagogical concepts. The second part contextualises these in relation to ‘New’ (or ‘Progressive’) education movements at ‘critical moments’ of 20th-century history. It includes a case study of one such moment – the 1968 Parisian student uprising – then outlines Lefebvre’s summation of education in the late 20th century. The third part draws together four ‘Lefebvrian’ pedagogical principles and considers their relevance today. Educational readings of Lefebvre, I suggest, can help educationists identify ‘cracks or interstices’ in ‘technocratic rationality’, suggesting strategies for resisting contemporary neo-liberal regimes.
Methodological Considerations for Content Analysis of Sexual Consent Communication in Mainstream Films
Authors: Jozkowski Kristen N. , Canan Sasha N. , Rhoads Kelley , Hunt Mary
Published: December 2016

Young adults and college students who receive limited information about certain facets of sexuality, such as how to initiate sex and communicate consent, may turn to television and film for models. In fact, previous research suggests that young adults seek out media content such as television and film to obtain information about sexuality particularly in the absence of other sources of information. As such, it is important to understand the types of actions and behaviors modeled in mainstream media with regard to sexual activity. The overarching goal of the current study was to examine how sexual consent is depicted in mainstream film. However, we found there was limited information to guide the methodological design of such a study. Drawing on previous research, we developed a unique set of analytic procedures for conducting such a specific content analysis. The current article details our methodological approach including (1) how we developed our analytic procedures, (2) our rationale for developing these procedures, and (3) justification for deviating from previous procedures. This article concludes with a discussion regarding limitations of our study and lessons learned for conducting similar studies in the future.
Colonizing Black Female Bodies Within Patriarchal Capitalism
Authors: Benard Akeia A. F.
Published: December 2016

This article argues that the dynamics underlying the fundamental gendered/raced/sexual relationships that were created under colonialism exist in the same form in global patriarchal capitalism and pop culture, including mainstream music and pornography. It also explores contemporary Black feminist literature that critiques foundational Black feminist thought which views individual examples of “empowered” (wealthy, marketed/marketable) women of color as evidence of Black female liberation. Finally, in an effort to bridge foundational Black feminist thought with contemporary critiques, I discuss media representations of the Black female body in the context of human rights and sexual rights, as this offers global and historical perspective without minimizing the agency of those whose bodies have historically been exploited for profit. Public Health Statement: This study argues that hypersexualized and degrading images of women of color in media contradict the World Health Organization’s current definition of sexual health and sexual rights. Viewing the history and use of this imagery provides a theoretic framework for understanding the negative mental, physical, and sexual health consequences of degrading imagery and can aid in realizing positive sexual health outcomes for women of color.
Sickle cell disease: an international survey of results of HLA-identical sibling hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
Authors: Gluckman Eliane , Cappelli Barbara , Bernaudin Francoise , Labopin Myriam , Volt Fernanda , Carreras Jeanette , Pinto Simões Belinda , Ferster Alina , Dupont Sophie , de la Fuente Josu , Dalle Jean-Hugues , Zecca Marco , Walters Mark C. , Krishnamurti Lakshmanan , Bhatia Monica , Leung Kathryn , Yanik Gregory , Kurtzberg Joanne , Dhedin Nathalie , Kuentz Mathieu , Michel Gerard , Apperley Jane , Lutz Patrick , Neven Bénédicte , Bertrand Yves , Vannier Jean Pierre , Ayas Mouhab , Cavazzana Marina , Matthes-Martin Susanne , Rocha Vanderson , Elayoubi Hanadi , Kenzey Chantal , Bader Peter , Locatelli Franco , Ruggeri Annalisa , Eapen Mary
Published: December 2016

Key Points

HLA-identical sibling transplantation for SCD offers excellent long-term survival. Mortality risk is higher for older patients; event-free survival has improved in patients transplanted after 2006.
Vitamin levels in adults with ADHD
Authors: Landaas Elisabeth Toverud , Aarsland Tore Ivar Malmei , Ulvik Arve , Halmøy Anne , Ueland Per Magne , Haavik Jan
Published: December 2016

Background

Micronutrients containing vitamins are reported to reduce symptom levels in persons with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), but data on vitamin levels in ADHD are sparse.

Aims

To examine the relationship between vitamin concentrations, ADHD diagnosis and psychiatric symptoms in young adult ADHD patients and controls.

Method

Eight vitamins and the nicotine metabolite cotinine were analysed in serum samples from 133 ADHD patients and 131 controls aged between 18 and 40, who also reported ADHD symptoms and comorbid conditions.

Results

Lower concentrations of vitamins B2, B6 and B9 were associated with the ADHD diagnosis, and B2 and B6 also with symptom severity. Smokers had lower levels of vitamins B2 and B9.

Conclusions

ADHD patients were overrepresented in the group with low levels of some vitamins, possibly indicative of inadequate dietary intake of these micronutrients in a subgroup of patients. It is important to identify these patients in dietary intervention trials of ADHD.
Liquefaction-Induced Lateral Spread in Lo Rojas, Coronel, Chile: Field Study and Numerical Modeling
Authors: de la Maza Gabriel , Williams Nicole , Sáez Esteban , Rollins Kyle , Ledezma Christian
Published: December 2016

This paper describes a detailed field survey conducted at Lo Rojas fishermen port in Coronel, where extensive liquefaction-induced lateral spread was reported for the 2010, Mw 8.8 Maule earthquake. The survey includes SPT and SCPT soundings, as well as the use of surface-based geophysical techniques. The data was used to evaluate a multilinear regression (MLR) lateral-spread expression and to develop a detailed hydro-mechanical finite element model. Results of the MLR equation were over-conservative and proved to be very sensitive to the distance from the site to the energy source. On the other hand, the results from the numerical model agreed reasonably well with the post-event field observations.
Endoluminal thermal ablation of the great saphenous vein (GSV) insufficiency
Authors: Zollmann C. , Zollmann P. , Veltman J. , Gräser A. , Berger I. , Rabe E. , Sporbert F.
Published: December 2016

To evaluate and compare the fiveyear outcome after treatment of a varicose GSV by endovenous thermal laser ablation (EVLA) and radiofrequency ablation (RFA).

In this non-randomized, prospective study, patients treated in 2007 and 2008 for complete varicosis of the GSV (CEAP: C2–C6) were divided according to the treatment technique used into three groups: RFA (VNUS ClosureFast™), EVLA 980 nm (ELVeS 980™) and EVLA 1470 nm (ELVeS 1470™). Ultrasound-guided follow-up consultations were conducted 3 days, 3 months, 1 year and 5 years after treatment.

589 patients with 643 GSVs (223 RFA, 185 EVLA 980, 235 EVLA 1470) were treated under tumescent local anaesthesia. No major complications occurred and minor complications were rare (4.7–12.2 %, p=0.135).

66 % (RFA), 15 % (EVLA 980) and 32 % (EVLA 1470) of the patients were pain-free without post-operative analgesics. After 5 years, 86 % (RFA), 90 % (EVLA 980) and 93 % (EVLA 1470) of the veins were occluded (p=0.096). Ultrasound imaging revealed reflux in treated GSVs in 5–8 % of cases (p=0.73). A second ablation of the previously treated GSV was required in 5 % (RFA), 2 % (EVLA 980) and 2 % (EVLA 1470) of the patients (p=0.28).

Endoluminal thermal ablation is an easy, safe and well tolerated method for the treatment of varicosis. Radiofrequency ablation is less painful than EVLA. RFA and EVLA 1470 are equally effective for vein closure.
CHIVA treatment of saphenous vein insufficiency with aneurysm of the great saphenous vein in von Willebrand’s disease
Authors: Mendoza E.
Published: December 2016

In patients with an increased tendency to bleeding and severe varicose veins, even the minimally invasive venous procedure CHIVA requires careful planning and risk assessment. CHIVA treatment is reported in a 67-year-old female patient with aneurysm of the great saphenous vein at the saphenofemoral junction, reflux above and below the knee (Hach III), skin changes (C4a) and von Willebrand’s disease. Radiofrequency was used over a 13 cm segment in the proximal great saphenous vein. The result shows a reduction in the diameter of the great saphenous vein at the thigh from 8.2 to 5.4 mm and an absence of reflux and absence of clinic. Even in patients with severe findings, a minor procedure can achieve a good clinical result with low risk.
Mapping the distribution of Anopheles funestus across Benin highlights a sharp contrast of susceptibility to insecticides and infection rate to Plasmodium between southern and northern populations
Authors: Djouaka Rousseau , Akoton Romaric , Tchigossou Genevieve M. , Atoyebi Seun M. , Irving Helen , Kusimo Michael O. , Djegbe Innocent , Riveron Jacob M. , Tossou Eric , Yessoufou Akadiri , Wondji Charles S.
Published: December 2016

Background. Malaria remains an important public health issue in Benin, with Anopheles gambiae s.l. and Anopheles funestus s.s being the predominant vectors. This study was designed to generate information on An. funestus distribution, molecular speciation, Plasmodium infection rate and insecticide susceptibility status across Benin. Methods. Mosquito samples were collected from December 2014 to January 2016 in 46 localities in Benin. These samples were mapped and An. funestus collected were speciated to the molecular level. Plasmodium infection rate was determined using a Taqman assay and susceptibility to insecticides was assessed using the WHO guidelines. The genotyping of the L119F- Gste2 mutation was also carried out. Results. An. funestus was found in 8 out of the 46 localities surveyed with a high presence in Tanongou (wet Sudanese ecological zone), Kpome, Doukonta and Pahou (sub-equatorial ecological zone). Molecular identifications revealed that only An. funestus s.s was present in southern Benin, whereas in Tanongou (northern Benin) An. funestus s.s. and An. leesoni were found in sympatry at proportions of 77.7% and 22.3% respectively. Plasmodium infection rate of An. funestus was higher in southern Benin at a range of 13 to 18% compared to 5.6% recorded in Tanongou. High DDT (8±0.5%) and permethrin (11±0.5%) resistance were observed in Doukonta, Kpome and Pahou, contrasting with relatively low resistance profiles: mortality-DDT=90±3.18% and mortality-permethrin=100% in Tanongou. Genotyping analysis revealed  high frequency  of the resistant 119F allele in the South (Kpome and Doukonta) compared to the North (Tanongou). Discussion and Conclusion. The high presence of  An. funestus in the South compared to the North  could be due to favorable environmental and climatic conditions found in both regions. A significant Plasmodium infection rate was recorded across the country. A high resistance profile was recorded in the southern Benin; this raises the need for further investigations on resistance selection factors.
Polynomial-Time Computation of Strong and n-Present-Value Optimal Policies in Markov Decision Chains
Authors: O’Sullivan Michael , Veinott Arthur F.
Published: December 2016

This paper studies the problem of finding a stationary strong present-value optimal and, more generally, an n-present-value optimal, policy for an infinite-horizon stationary finite-state-action substochastic Markov decision chain. A policy is strong present-value optimal if it has maximum present value for all small positive interest rates ρ. A policy is n-present-value optimal if its present value falls below the maximum present value for all small positive ρ by O(ρn+1). The importance of stationary n-present-value optimal policies arises from the following known facts. The set of such policies diminishes with n and, for n ≥ S, is precisely the set of stationary strong present-value optimal policies. For 0 ≤ n < S, stationary n-present-value optimal policies are nearly strong present-value optimal and are of independent interest. The best algorithms for finding stationary strong present-value optimal policies find stationary n-present-value policies for n = −1,…,S in that order. This paper decomposes the problem of finding a stationary n-present-value optimal policy given a stationary (n − 1)-present-value optimal policy into a sequence of three subproblems, each entailing either maximizing transient value or reward rate. It is known that both subproblem types can be represented as linear programs and solved in polynomial time, e.g., by interior-point and ellipsoid methods. This paper also establishes the following results. The size of the input to each subproblem is polynomial in the size of the original problem data. A stationary strong present-value (respectively, n-present-value) optimal policy can be found in polynomial time. For the case of unique-transition systems, i.e., each action in a state sends the system to at most one state, a stationary strong present-value (respectively, n-present-value) optimal policy can be found in strongly polynomial time using combinatorial methods on the subproblems. The last case includes standard deterministic dynamic programs.
Supporting student nurses
Authors: Coutts Alison
Published: December 2016

Alison Coutts, Senior Lecturer in Nursing at City, University of London, discusses the challenges faced by student nurses and what ward nurses working alongside students on placement can do to help
Communication: an essential tool for gastrointestinal nurses
Authors: Harrison Penny
Published: December 2016

Penny Harrison, Senior Lecturer in Adult Nursing at De Montfort University, Leicester, reviews the recent literature on communication skills for nursing
FibroScan: assessing cirrhosis and advanced fibrosis with vibration-controlled transient elastography
Authors: Mortimore Gerri
Published: December 2016

There are many causes of liver disease that can lead to progressive fibrosis and cirrhosis of the liver; chronic liver disease is the third most common cause of death for people under 65 in the UK. Advanced fibrosis and cirrhosis can be asymptomatic, making diagnosis difficult without the aid of the ‘gold standard’ biopsy to assess liver architecture. However, there are many disadvantages associated with this invasive procedure, and so researchers, over the past 15 years, have developed and patented a noninvasive device for measuring liver stiffness and scarring called a FibroScan. This device uses vibration-controlled transient elastography to send sound waves through the liver, from which a reading is taken. A higher reading correlates with an increased likelihood of fibrosis and cirrhosis. This technology is efficient, easy to use and provides immediate results. It allows clinicians to estimate the degree of liver damage, aiding management, treatment and prognosis. It is also an effective monitoring tool that allows liver health to be checked at allotted periods.
Obesity: the changing shape of the UK population
Authors: Clayton Michelle , Greenslade Lynda
Published: December 2016

Michelle Clayton (left) and Lynda Greenslade, Committee Members of the British Liver Nurses' Forum, review obesity-related liver disease in the UK
The use of rats and mice as animal models inex vivobone growth and development studies
Authors: Abubakar A. A. , Noordin M. M. , Azmi T. I. , Kaka U. , Loqman M. Y.
Published: December 2016

In vivo animal experimentation has been one of the cornerstones of biological and biomedical research, particularly in the field of clinical medicine and pharmaceuticals. The conventional in vivo model system is invariably associated with high production costs and strict ethical considerations. These limitations led to the evolution of an ex vivo model system which partially or completely surmounted some of the constraints faced in an in vivo model system. The ex vivo rodent bone culture system has been used to elucidate the understanding of skeletal physiology and pathophysiology for more than 90 years. This review attempts to provide a brief summary of the historical evolution of the rodent bone culture system with emphasis on the strengths and limitations of the model. It encompasses the frequency of use of rats and mice for ex vivo bone studies, nutritional requirements in ex vivo bone growth and emerging developments and technologies. This compilation of information could assist researchers in the field of regenerative medicine and bone tissue engineering towards a better understanding of skeletal growth and development for application in general clinical medicine.

Cite this article: A. A. Abubakar, M. M. Noordin, T. I. Azmi, U. Kaka, M. Y. Loqman. The use of rats and mice as animal models in ex vivo bone growth and development studies. Bone Joint Res 2016;5:610–618. DOI: 10.1302/2046-3758.512.BJR-2016-0102.R2.
Antoni Miralda y la transfiguración artística del Kitsch
Authors: Arbulú Soto Claudia
Published: December 2016

En el arte la búsqueda de la belleza ha sido el objetivo que tanto artistas como espectadores han perseguido durante siglos. Está claro que el arte se ha transformado según las conciencias y las necesidades artísticas pero sobre todo según las sociales y políticas del hombre. El artista se hace hombre y el espectador coautor de proyectos que aluden a lo público. La belleza se desdobla en muchos tipos de belleza. El Kitsch como categoría estética era relegado y degradado al puro efecto. Hoy el Kitsch se acerca a las masas, las emociona y las representa. El arte-vida y la transfiguración del Kitsch que Antoni Miralda propone en sus objetos e instalaciones nos enfrentan con ironía lúdica a los estamentos de poder y sus recovecos más vulgares.
Niños montañesinos en Álava
Authors: Bartolomé García Fernando R.
Published: December 2016

El Niño Jesús que talló Juan Martínez Montañés para la Hermandad Sacramental del Sagrario de la catedral de Sevilla se convirtió en un modelo que caló con fuerza y fue repetido hasta la saciedad, traspasando fronteras y llegando incluso a los lugares más recóndito. A este fenómeno no escapa la provincia de Álava como podremos comprobar en este artículo.
Euskadi con el pueblo chileno: Donaciones de artistas vascos y navarros al Museo de la Solidaridad Salvador Allende
Authors: Palacios González Daniel Palacios
Published: December 2016

La presente investigación estudia las obras de artistas vascos y navarros propiedad del Museo de la Solidaridad Salvador Allende en Santiago de Chile. La primera parte de las obras proceden de la donación al Museo de la Solidaridad desde la Escuela de Deba como un conjunto que sin embargo fue separado y mostrado sin reconocer su procedencia como Euskadi, requisito básico para la donación. La segunda parte de las obras proceden de la donación al Museo de la Resistencia, institución surgida tras el cierre del Museo de la Solidaridad durante la dictadura en Chile.
Canteros vascos en el Campo de Calatrava durante la segunda mitad del siglo XVI
Authors: Barranquero Contento José Javier
Published: December 2016

Este trabajo aporta datos inéditos sobre la actividad que desarrollaron varios canteros de origen vasco en la comarca del Campo de Calatrava, dentro de la actual provincia de Ciudad Real. En concreto, nos centraremos en la ampliación de las parroquias de Alcolea de Calatrava y Argamasilla de Calatrava, aunque también se aportan datos sobra la presencia de estos maestros en otros núcleos de la comarca.
La búsqueda de un tiempo perdido, en la película Love Letter (Carta de amor) del director Shunji Iwai
Authors: Betancor Martel Orlando
Published: December 2016

Este artículo aborda el tema de la búsqueda de un tiempo perdido, imposible de volver, en la película Love Letter (Carta de amor, 1995), dirigida por el realizador japonés Shunji Iwai. Esta película narra la historia de una joven que escribe una carta a su novio, fallecido en un trágico accidente hace dos años, y sorprendentemente recibe una respuesta. Igualmente, esta cinta trata aspectos como el amor, el dolor y los designios del destino.
El sentido del arte contemporáneo. A partir del trabajo de Jean-Luc Nancy
Authors: Alvaro Daniel
Published: December 2016

Durante las últimas dos décadas fue patente la emergencia de reflexiones estéticas novedosas. La irrupción de dichas reflexiones resulta indisociable de la disputa abierta por las creaciones artísticas contemporáneas. La mayoría de los autores que en los últimos tiempos teorizaron sobre esta disputa se vieron obligados a responder del arte, a pensar y decir qué es el arte. En este trabajo me propongo analizar la perspectiva adoptada por Jean-Luc Nancy. El análisis se articula en torno a cuatro cuestiones sobre las que Nancy vuelve una y otra vez en sus textos sobre arte: el sentido de la expresión “arte contemporáneo”, la pluralidad de las artes, la diferencia entre el sentido sensible y el sentido inteligible, y las figuras del fragmento, del vestigio y del gesto.
El voto en el Congreso de los Diputados durante el reinado de Isabel II
Authors: Luján Oriol
Published: December 2016

os que se otorgaron al voto y los elementos que condicionaron el mismo en el Congreso de los Diputados durante el reinado de Isabel II. En primer lugar se contempla el uso del sufragio como un elemento mercantilista. Es decir, como un bien de intercambio que algunos políticos funcionarios e individuos ambiciosos emplearon para prosperar, bien fuera en la administración o en negocios personales. Estas conductas revelan una práctica del voto generalmente guiada por el clientelismo. En segundo lugar, el análisis aborda otros factores que también fueron relevantes en la emisión del sufragio en la cámara baja. El representante político consideró los intereses del electorado que lo escogió, se vio coartado por la influencia de los partidos políticos y también valoró el peso de la ideología en sus decisiones. De esta manera, se muestra la dinámica parlamentaria no sólo regida por el clientelismo, sino regulada a la vez por una multiplicidad de elementos que hacían de la política liberal una realidad más compleja que la representada por el beneficio particular.
Aspiraciones al golf en Biarritz y San Sebastián, 1900-1936
Authors: Rebanal Martínez Gerardo
Published: December 2016

El golf, en cuanto practicado por españoles, fue uno de los deportes estrenados en España al comienzo del siglo xx, cuando se crearon clubs deportivos con campos similares a los británicos o franceses. El golf español se inoculó sobre todo en Biarritz, y su campo fue modelo a imitar. Los primeros campos fueron sitios de ocio intenso, y de deporte. Tanto en Biarritz, como después en San Sebastián, el campo de golf se consideró, desde los ayuntamientos y las instituciones de fomento, un equipamiento imprescindible para fijar al turista, y como tal se preocuparon de la supervivencia del nuevo reclamo del forastero, y motivo de orgullo para los locales.
La Unión Republicana en el corazón de la monarquía. El triunfo electoral de 1903
Authors: De Miguel Salanova Santiago
Published: December 2016

Este trabajo analiza el triunfo republicano en las elecciones a Cortes de 1903 en Madrid mediante el análisis de los mecanismos de movilización y captación del voto utilizados por la candidatura del proyecto coalicionista de Unión Republicana. Se abordan en él claves contextuales que permiten explicar el éxito republicano, como los sucesos estudiantiles de Salamanca de abril de 1903 y el clima de conflictividad social alcanzado después en Madrid. Finalmente, se realiza un ejercicio de sociología electoral analizando el voto republicano a través de una perspectiva microhistórica. Para esta tarea se ha acudido a las actas electorales y a su cruzamiento con los datos del Padrón de Habitantes de Madrid de 1905, fuente documental básica para conocer el perfil socioprofesional de cada zona.
Instituciones históricas y cambio político: el restablecimiento de la Generalitat de Cataluña (1977)
Authors: González Martínez Carlos
Published: December 2016

El restablecimiento de la Generalitat ha sido considerado como uno de los episodios claves del relato político de la Transición. Las negociaciones entre Josep Tarradellas y Sánchez-Terán, unidas a los contactos anteriores entre Gobierno y president, así como el acuerdo de Perpiñán con los partidos catalanes, han sido interpretados por la historiografía como respuestas a un anhelo de la sociedad catalana en el tiempo político que se abrió tras la muerte del general Franco. Ahora bien, hasta la fecha se ha hecho poco hincapié en una visión histórica más amplia que supere el ámbito temporal de la Transición. El propio Real Decreto-ley 41/1977 hace referencia al decreto de 1938 por el que se derogaba la Generalitat. Nos encontramos, por tanto, con el único texto que reconoce una institución republicana, una cuestión poco abordada por la historiografía. De igual manera, tampoco se han aportado explicaciones convincentes de por qué, a diferencia de lo acaecido con la Generalitat, no se restablecieron otras instituciones republicanas existentes al comienzo de la Transición. Trataremos de dar respuesta a estas cuestiones a partir de testimonios de prensa, el archivo personal de Sánchez-Terán, las memorias de los principales políticos catalanes y entrevistas con algunos de los protagonistas.
Análisis de una secuencia de "Salut les cubains" (Agnès Varda, 1963): música y filmación de fotografías
Authors: Oter González Jorge
Published: December 2016

A las características y condicionantes propios de las películas que trabajan sobre la filmación de fotografías, Salut les cubains (Agnès Varda, 1963) incorpora, en varias ocasiones de forma enfática, una determinada relación con la música. El análisis pormenorizado de una de las secuencias en que se produce ese contacto querrá reparar en el funcionamiento de dicha secuencia, mostrar su estructura interna, ordenar las diferentes formas de relación entre las imágenes y el sonido que en ella se dan o valorar su relación con un referente a partir de las decisiones tomadas.
Del cuerpo a la imagen. Lógica de las imágenes y proceso figurativo en el cine de Philippe Garrel
Authors: Vilaró i Moncasí Arnau
Published: December 2016

Gilles Deleuze considera a Philippe Garrel como el cineasta que culmina con un pensamiento figurativo en el cine. El siguiente artículo aborda los principios de esta tesis tomando el vínculo que los cuerpos adquieren en el montaje fílmico. Para ello, propone el análisis estético de los dos períodos en los que se divide la obra del cineasta: uno de experimental, en el que destaca la presencia y la participación de su amante Nico, y otro de narrativo, donde el cineasta filma la relación que el nacimiento del hijo establece con el amor pasado e irrecuperable de Nico.
Ciberperiodismo audiovisual en España: del modelo televisivo a la construcción de una identidad propia
Authors: Mayoral Sánchez Javier
Published: December 2016

Este trabajo analiza 621 vídeos publicados durante dos semanas en las páginas principales o portadas de cinco cibermedios españoles (abc.es, elconfidencial.com, elmundo.es, elpais.com y lavanguardia.com). Los contenidos, los géneros, los formatos y las estructuras de esos vídeos presentan singularidades notables –tanto en la producción propia como, especialmente, en la externa– respecto a la producción audiovisual típica de los informativos en televisión. Además de los datos del trabajo de campo, este estudio aporta las reflexiones de los responsables de la sección audiovisual acerca de la función de los vídeos en los medios digitales.
Rechazar, omitir y recuperar. "Después de…" (Cecilia Bartolomé y José J. Bartolomé, 1981)
Authors: Caravaca Mompeán Juan
Published: December 2016

El documental Después de… (Cecilia Bartolomé y José J. Bartolomé, 1981), realizado en pleno proceso de transición hacia la democracia en España y fuertemente crítico con su tiempo presente, ha sufrido variaciones en la percepción de su mensaje desde su estreno hasta la actualidad. Este artículo realiza un repaso por las diferentes miradas que se han impuesto sobre su metraje y explica el significado de esta obra para nuestro presente.
Adriano y el noroeste de Hispania c. 132-134 d. C.: actuaciones en el valle del río Limia (Ourense)
Authors: González-Conde Puente María Pilar
Published: December 2016

El presente trabajo analiza la actuación de Roma en el noroeste de la península Ibérica durante el desempeño de las potestades tribunicias XVI a XVIII (años 132-134 d.C.) de Adriano, consistentes en la mejora de las infraestructuras y en la relación jurídica con las comunidades indígenas afectadas por estas reformas. En todo ello tuvo un papel destacado el ejército, por lo que se trata su presencia en el valle del río Limia (actual provincia de Ourense), centro de la actividad estudiada.
Energy-Aware Routing in Multiple Domains Software-Defined Networks
Authors: Fernández-Fernández Adriana , Cervelló-Pastor Cristina , Ochoa-Aday Leonardo
Published: December 2016

The growing energy consumption of communication networks has attracted the attention of the networking researchers in the last decade. In this context, the new architecture of Software-Defined Networks (SDN) allows a flexible programmability, suitable for the power-consumption optimization problem. In this paper we address the issue of designing a novel distributed routing algorithm that optimizes the power consumption in large scale SDN with multiple domains. The solution proposed, called DEAR (Distributed Energy-Aware Routing), tackles the problem of minimizing the number of links that can be used to satisfy a given data traffic demand under performance constraints such as control traffic delay and link utilization. To this end, we present a complete formulation of the optimization problem that considers routing requirements for control and data plane communications. Simulation results confirm that the proposed solution enables the achievement of significant energy savings.
From VoiceXML to multimodal mobile Apps: development of practical conversational interfaces
Authors: Griol David , Molina Jose Manuel
Published: December 2016

Speech Technologies and Language Processing have made possible the development of a number of new applications which are based on conversational interfaces. In this paper, we describe two approaches to bridge the gap between the academic and industrial perspectives in order to develop conversational interfaces using an academic paradigm for dialog management while employing the industrial standards. The advances in these technologies have made possible to extend the initial applications of conversational interfaces from only spoken interaction (for instance, by means of VoiceXML-based systems) to multimodal services by means of mobile devices (for instance, using the facilities provided by the Android OS). Our proposal has been evaluated with the successful development of different spoken and multimodal conversational interfaces.
Orchid’s diversity at Tepequém’s Tepuy, Roraima, Brazil
Authors: Nobrega Sanna Rocha , Luz Francisco Joaci De Freitas , Oliveira Jane Maria Franco de , Araújo Wellington Farias , Tomé Silvio Garcia
Published: December 2016

The Orchidaceae family is one of the largest among the angiosperm, with more than 27000 species, 2,500 is endemic to Brazil, 871 species are found in the Brazilian Amazon. In the far north of Brazil, in the state of Roraima, is located the Tepequém Mountains, a Tepuy – mountain top with table shape – with relictual vegetation due to prolonged isolation. Historically, Tepequém was a site of diamond exploration, which caused changes in the landscape. However, with mining decay, ecotourism became the main economic activity. About 68% of Roraima’s territory is composed of conservation areas and indigenous lands, and the Tepequém Mountain is the only Tepuy found outside the protected areas. Thus, this study aims to describe the orchid flora found at Tepequém’s Tepuy, an area of ecological and economic importance for Roraima’s ecotourism. The survey was carried out through expeditions between the years of 2013-2015. The species were photographed, harvested and taken to Embrapa Roraima for identification, exsiccate confection and/or cultivation. The exsiccatae were deposited at Roraima’s Integrated Museum (Museu Integrado de Roraima – MIRR) and the Federal University of Roraima (Universidade Federal de Roraima – UFRR). Any orchid species deposited by other collectors was also considered. Thus, 20 genera and 34 species were registered at Tepequém. The genera with largest representation were the Epidendrum (7 spp.), Scaphyglottis (4 spp.) and Habenaria (3 spp.), with 70% of the other genera presenting one species only. 10% of Roraima’s orchid’s diversity is found at Tepequém. The diversity of habitats – forest, campina and savannah – found at Tepequém’s Tepuy allows the Orchidaceae species diversity and the unique flora with low similarities to other floristic surveys.
Do Largo do Rossio ao Jardim: a gênese da praça Gomes Freire em Mariana-MG
Authors: Alves Schirley Fátima Nogueira da Silva Cavalcante , Paiva Patrícia Duarte de Oliveira , Garcia Cecília Souza Gontijo
Published: December 2016

Considered as the first village from Minas Gerais state, Mariana has important cultural and historical collections from the Brazilian colonial period. Currently the city has three squares in the historic center, and they are recognized for the historical heritage. Gomes Freire’s Square, set in the historic center of Mariana, has two interesting characteristics: its location behind the Main Church and the intensity use by many social groups in this city, furthermore the large presence of tourists. In the prospect of meeting its historical evolution, and identify the landscape representation in the collective unconscious of Mariana’s inhabitants, it was analyzed the evolution of the village and formation of the Gomes Freire’s Square. To achieve this goal it was necessary to deepen the knowledge of the social appropriation of this space over time, enabling the identification of the same, as well as its evolution as a public place. The study focused its interest in the village evolution, in the uses and social representation of the covered space. For this, the methodology applied was an interface between the inventive analysis, subjective method analysis, and recommendations for preservation of historic gardens. Gomes Freire’s Square, in its formation process presented as remarkable feature in its historical dimension, the fact that emerged and remained as a space of popular demonstrations.
Initial growth of Costus longebracteolatus and Costus spiralis ‘French Kiss’ under different light conditions
Authors: Mazzini-Guedes Renata Bachin , Pivetta Kathia Fernandes Lopes , Gimenes Renata , Romani Gustavo De Nobrega , Souza Gilberto Rostirolla Batista de , Castro Carlos Eduardo Ferreira de , Takane Roberto Jun
Published: December 2016

The Brazilian native Costus longebracteolatus and Costus spiralis ‘French Kiss’, in the family Costaceae, have been used as both cut flowers and cut foliage. It is known that Costus species grow better under partial shade, but studies on the influence of shading or light on plant growth, development, and flower production are still incipient. As this kind of information is essential on planning of planting, production, and agribusiness activities, the objective of this research was to evaluate the influence of different colored shade nets and light conditions on the initial growth of both C. longebracteolatus and C. spiralis ‘French Kiss’. Plants, obtained from cuttings of pseudostems, were cultivated under six light conditions, which comprised six treatments, along 270 days: red net with 50% shading, blue net with 50% shading, black net with 70% shading, black net with 50% shading, black net with 30% shading, and full sun. The initial growth of C. longebracteolatus (up to 270 days) is more successful under the blue net with 50% shading, which promoted highest values of pseudostem length and dry matter of aerial part. For C. spiralis ‘French Kiss’ plants, both the red and blue nets with 50% shading implied best results and differed for the other treatments with greater pseudostem length. Plant exposure to full sun inhibited growth and development, and favored early leaf necrosis.
International Market Entry: How Do Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises Make Decisions?
Authors: Ahi Ali , Baronchelli Gianpaolo , Kuivalainen Olli , Piantoni Mariella
Published: December 2016

Choosing the right international market entry mode is of utmost importance for an internationalizing firm. However, there is a lack of analysis concerning the decision-making process (DMP), specifically with regard to small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). The authors study the DMP among SMEs intent on entering international markets and how it affects each firm's international market development strategy. Using six cases based in Finland and Italy, the authors develop a model of the SME DMP. Their results imply that the DMP evolves and goes through various phases. By focusing on the postentry phase, this study enhances knowledge on decision-making frameworks by linking the traditional international marketing literature related to initial entry mode with “mainstream” international business literature. Furthermore, the study reveals that SMEs adopting a more rational DMP are more likely to succeed in foreign markets, and consequently, it demonstrates the importance of real options reasoning as a theoretical lens for making entry mode decisions in the context of SMEs.
The Joint Effects of Ex Ante Contractual Completeness and Ex Post Governance on Compliance in Franchised Marketing Channels
Authors: Kashyap Vishal , Murtha Brian R.
Published: December 2016

This study examines the heretofore neglected joint effects of ex ante contractual completeness and ex post governance on compliance in a franchise setting. In contrast to much of the extant literature that views contractual completeness in the aggregate, the present research disaggregates contractual completeness into ex ante monitoring and enforcement completeness, and additionally distinguishes between ex post monitoring and enforcement, allowing for a nuanced examination of the joint effects of different types of ex ante and ex post governance on compliance. Additionally, the authors advance the concept of consummate compliance, thereby complementing the literature, which tends to view compliance solely in terms of perfunctory compliance—an important distinction because the results suggest that perfunctory compliance has a negative relationship with customer satisfaction, whereas consummate compliance has a positive one. Drawing on multiple data sources, the authors demonstrate that ex ante monitoring completeness positively moderates the relationship between ex post monitoring and both types of compliance; however, ex ante enforcement completeness negatively moderates the relationship between ex post enforcement and both types of compliance.
Resale Price Maintenance after Leegin: Behavioral, Evolutionary, and Institutional Insights for Advancing the Free Rider Thesis
Authors: Gundlach Gregory T. , Manning Kenneth C. , Cannon Joseph P.
Published: December 2016

Resale price maintenance (RPM) is a controversial channel pricing strategy that restricts the price at which a product can be resold. Contemporary understanding of RPM is derived mainly from economics, in which various perspectives have been applied to explain its use and effects. Motivated by a recent Supreme Court decision that altered prior restrictions on the use of minimum RPM, the authors propose three new perspectives and related theoretical propositions to enhance understanding of the primary procompetitive explanation of minimum RPM: the free rider thesis. The perspectives and propositions advance knowledge of RPM in ways that are important to academic scholarship, public policy, and managerial practice.
Progress toward resistance mechanism to epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor
Authors: Zhang Lingling , Zhang Xiaoxue , Zhao Liang
Published: December 2016

The EGFR signaling pathway plays an important role in the occurrence and development of many malignant tumors. It has become a hot spot in the treatment of advanced cancer. At present, the small molecule epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR-TKI), has been shown to advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), has a marked drug resistance or has developed one. The EGFR signaling pathway regulates a variety of cellular functions, and its drug resistance may be related to a number of signal transduction pathways, including drug resistance mutations, structural activation, downstream signaling pathway activation and VEGF expression changes, and so on. In this paper, we review the production mechanism of EGFR-TKI drug resistance.