bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Risk Factors of Early Age Colorectal Cancer among Patients Attending at National Institute of Cancer Research & Hospital
Authors: Rahaman Mohammad Habibur , Islam Muhammad Rafiqul , Khatun Narina , Akhtar Parveen Shahida , Islam Md. Rashedul , Ahsan Md. Abul , Das Sumana , Ayub Salman Bashar Al
Published: March 2024

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) poses a significant public health burden worldwide, with a notable trend of increasing incidence among individuals aged 20 to 50 years. Understanding the risk factors associated with early-onset CRC is crucial for developing targeted prevention and intervention strategies, particularly in limited-resource settings. Objective: This study aimed to identify and analyze the risk factors contributing to the development of early-onset CRC in a population from a limited-resource country. Method: A comparative study was conducted among 178 CRC patients admitted to the National Institute of Cancer Research & Hospital (NICRH), Dhaka. Patients were divided into two groups: Group-A (age 20-50 years) and Group-B (age >50 years). Demographic and clinical data were collected, and statistical analyses were performed to determine associations between various risk factors and early-onset CRC. Results: The mean age of Group-A subjects was 43.6±7.1 years, significantly younger than Group-B subjects (59.2±9.3 years). Male patients constituted 69.1% of the cohort, with a statistically significant male-to-female ratio of 2.2:1. Higher BMI (≥25) was strongly associated with early-onset CRC (p<0.01). Occupations such as business and middle socioeconomic status were significantly linked to early-onset CRC. Regular exercise (>30 minutes daily) demonstrated a protective effect against CRC development. Consumption of red meat and fast food was associated with a higher risk of CRC, while regular consumption of vegetables was protective. Familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) presence was significantly associated with early-onset CRC. Conclusions: Male sex, high BMI, specific occupations, dietary factors, and presence of FAP emerged as key risk factors for early-onset CRC. Encouraging regular exercise and promoting healthy dietary habits, particularly reducing red meat and fast-food intake, are crucial in mitigating the risk of early-onset CRC in similar populations.
Book Review ‘Professional Nursing’
Authors: Iqbal Uqbah
Published: March 2024

It is hoped that this book will become one of the rapidly developing professional nursing sciences and there will always be information that can be applied when caring for patients. The more knowledge and experience a nurse gains, the better they will be in providing services. In order to achieve this, nurses must continue to learn so that nurses' intellectual and emotional abilities can develop and be able to think critically to solve problems and make decisions appropriately, correctly and efficiently in meeting patient needs.
Exploration the Potential of Artificial Intelligence in Ayurveda Diagnostics through the Machine Learning Approach
Authors: Srivastava Dr. Vikas Deepak , Kumar Dr. Vijay , Kausar Khushbu
Published: March 2024

Ayurveda, as a holistic system of medicine originating in ancient India, has gained recognition for its emphasis on balance and harmony within the body, mind, and spirit. This ancient healing practice has evolved over centuries and incorporates the concept of doshas – the biological energies that govern an individual's physical and mental well-being. Ayurveda focuses on bringing balance to the doshas through various treatments, including herbal medicines, lifestyle practices, and therapies. In recent years, Ayurveda has experienced significant growth and recognition in India, with the government promoting it as a mainstream healthcare system. Additionally, Ayurveda practices such as yoga and meditation have gained international acclaim. However, with the integration of modern technology, Ayurveda is poised to undergo further advancements. This research study explores the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning techniques in Ayurvedic treatment, particularly in the Saharanpur and Dehradun regions. With personalized and holistic healthcare being the cornerstone of Ayurveda, the use of AI and machine learning algorithms can improve accuracy in diagnosis and treatment. Leveraging large datasets, these algorithms can identify patterns and correlations that may not be immediately evident to human practitioners. The majority of respondents in the study have been practicing Ayurveda treatment consultancy for 1-3 years (60%), while 40% had more than 3 years of experience. 70% of respondents believed that AI-driven diagnosis approaches are more effective than generalized approaches in Ayurveda. It was revealed that all respondents used AI tools primarily for Sparshana diagnosis, with no utilization reported for Darshana or Prashna. 80% of respondents believed that the integration of AI into Ayurveda has the potential to greatly improve various aspects of the practice. 50% of respondents were satisfied, and 40% were very satisfied with the current AI-driven diagnosis, while 10% expressed neutrality. These findings indicate a general acceptance and optimism towards AI in Ayurveda diagnosis, with recognition of its potential benefits and effectiveness. However, further research is needed to explore specific factors contributing to satisfaction and neutrality, as well as any concerns or areas for improvement.
Impact of Different Exchange Rate Policies on Stock Market Performance: Kuwait vs Saudi Arabia
Authors: Almutairi Soud , Azizan Noor Azlinna , Abidin Sazali Zainal
Published: March 2024

This paper examines the intricate relationship between exchange rate policies and stock market performance, focusing on Kuwait and Saudi Arabia in the Gulf region. It investigates the historical evolution of exchange rate regimes in both countries, analyzing their unique policy objectives. Using empirical analysis, the research explores the correlation between exchange rates and stock market indices, employing statistical methods and regression analysis to identify patterns. Comparative assessments reveal distinct patterns in stock market performance, shedding light on the effectiveness of different exchange rate systems in shaping economic dynamics. The findings contribute to the literature by offering insights into the nuanced relationship between exchange rate policies and stock markets, with implications for policymakers, investors, and financial analysts. By focusing on Kuwait and Saudi Arabia, two pivotal economies, the study addresses a gap in the literature, providing a comparative perspective. Policymakers can use the findings to understand the potential impact of exchange rate policies on economic indicators. Investors can leverage the conclusions to inform their decision-making, considering the nuances of exchange rate dynamics. The study finds that both countries peg their currencies to major world currencies, primarily the USD, and identifies a strong correlation between the Kuwait Stock Index and the Saudi Tasi Index.
FORMULASI SEDIAAN SERBUK EFERVESEN DARI EKSTRAK ETANOL ANGKAK (Monascus purpureus) DENGAN METODE FOAM-MAT DRYING
Authors: Mubarok Fajar , Indra Indra , Dewi Rosmaya
Published: March 2024

Indonesia has various types of plants that have potential as medicine to overcome health problems in line with the expansion of the traditional medicine industry. One example of plants from the Zingiberaceae family is Hedychium coronarium, which is not widely known by the community despite it has efficacy as an antibacterial which is not inferior to other Zingiberaceae family. The research was conducted to determine whether the Hedychium coronarium rhizome shown to have antibacterial activity against the growth of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, knowing antibacterial compound that contained in Hedychium coronarium rhizome, also knowing the most effective extraction method to take the antibacterial compound from Hedychium coronarium rhizome. The gandasuli rhizome was extracted by maceration and reflux with 96% ethanol. Antibacterial activity test carried out by the agar diffusion method, and the analysis of antibacterial compounds with bioautography, and the results are monitored with vanillin-sulfuric acid. Maceration and reflux extract at a concentration of 90% have antibacterial activity with inhibition zones, each for 8 and 10 mm against Escherichia coli as well as 9 and 10 mm against Staphylococcus aureus. Bioautography results show a positive effect on the appearance of vanillinsulfuric acid. Reflux extract has better antibacterial activity, while the antibacterial compound is an essential oil group.
KAJIAN ADVERSE DRUG REACTION (ADRs) PADA PASIEN STROKE RAWAT INAP DI RUANG 5 PENYAKIT SYARAF RSUD dr. SOEKARDJO KOTA TASIKMALAYA PERIODE APRIL-MEI 2017
Authors: Noor Winda
Published: March 2024

Stroke merupakan penyakit serebrovaskuler yang telah menjadi penyebab kematian utama hampir semua rumah sakit di Indonesia, yakni sebesar 14,5% angka kematiannya. Melihat realitas bahwa pengobatan pasien stroke menimbulkan beberapa kejadian reaksi obat yang tidak diinginkan, maka dilakukan penelitian kajian Adverse Drug Reaction (ADR) dan tingkat keparahan yang terjadi pada pasien stroke di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah (RSUD) Dr. Soekardjo Tasikmalaya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui adanya Adverse Drug Reaction (ADR) dan tingkat keparahan yang terjadi pada pasien stroke yang dirawat inap penyakit syaraf di ruang 5 RSUD dr. Soekardjo Kota Tasikmalaya bila ditemukan. Penelitian ini merupakan observasional deskriptif dengan metode pengambilan data secara prospektif dengan desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah cross sectional. Dari 104 pasien, sebanyak 36 pasien (34,6%) mengalami kejadian ADR. Berdasarkan naranjo scale, sebanyak 13 pasien (36,1%) diidentifikasi mengalami kejadian ADR dengan derajat kepastian posibble (mungkin terjadi ADR) dan 23 pasien dengan derajat kepastian probable (besar kemungkinan terjadi ADR). Selanjutnya untuk tingkat keparahan menggunakan Hartwig and Siegel scale, sebanyak 34 pasien (94,4%) dengan tingkat keparahan ADR Mild (ringan), dan sebanyak 2 pasien (5,6%) dengan tingkat keparahan ADR Moderate (sedang). Obat pada pasien stroke yang diduga menjadi timbulnya ADR adalah ranitidin, amlodipin dan manitol dan furosemid
SKRINING FITOKIMIA DAN UJI AKTIVITAS EKSTRAK ETANOL RUMPUT LAUT MERAH (Gracilaria verrucosa) TERHADAP PENYEMBUHAN LUKA SAYAT PADA TIKUS PUTIH JANTAN GALUR WISTAR
Authors: Aprinaldi Bilal
Published: March 2024

Wound is defined as the disruption of the anatomic and cellular continuity of tissue caused by chemical, thermal ,physical, immunological and microbial, or injury to the tissue. Seaweed contains secondary metabolites such as flavonoids and saponins.  Red seaweed contains albumin which can accelerate the process of wound healing. This study aims to determine the concentration of red seaweed ethanol extract which has an effect as a wound wound healing and to determine the length of wound healing from each concentration. A total of 25 rats were divided into 6 groups consisting of positive control given 10% povidone iodine ointment, negative control given vaseline albumin, Group  1 (Concentration 7.5% ethanol extract of red seaweed),  group 2 ( Concentration 15 % ethanol extract of red seaweed, group 2 ( Concentration 30% ethanol extract of red seaweed). Phytochemical screening on ethanol extracts of red seaweed showed the presence of secondary metabolites such as flavonoids, saponins, quinones, monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes. Albumin identification shows positive results. Changes in wound area or wound surface were observed by measuring the diameter of the wound from days 1 to 16, and the diameter of the wound was converted into percent using the Morton method. Data analysis using non-parametric tests. The analysis showed a significant difference (p <0.05) between the positive and negative control groups, and there was no difference between positive controls with concentrations of 7.5%, 15%, 30% on the 4 day. The 30% concentration is the group that provides the fastest wound healing effect on the 12 day when compared to the 7.5% and 15% concentration groups . The results of this study indicate that ethanol extract of red seaweed has a healing effect on the wound.
KUALITAS PELAYANAN FARMASI BERDASARKAN WAKTU TUNGGU PENYELESAIAN RESEP DI RUMAH SAKIT KABUPATEN BANDUNG
Authors: Sobandi Mamay
Published: March 2024

Instalasi farmasi adalah salah satu unit di rumah sakit yang memberikan layanan produk dan jasa dalam bentuk pelayanan resep. Pelayanan resep sebagai garis depan pelayanan farmasi kepada pasien harus di kelola dengan baik, Karena mutu pelayanan resep farmasi yang baik umumnya di kaitkan dengan kecepatan dalam memberikan pelayanan. Waktu tunggu adalah salah satu standar minimal pelayanan farmasi di rumah sakit. Waktu tunggu pelayanan obat jadi adalah tenggang waktu mulai pasien menyerahkan resep sampai menerima obat jadi dengan standar minimal yang di tentukan kementerian kesehatan adalah ≤ 30 menit sedangkan waktu tunggu pelayanan obat racikan adalah tenggang waktu mulai pasien menyerahkan resep sampai dengan menerima obat racikan yaitu ≤ 60 menit. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui apakah waktu tunggu pelayanan resep obat jadi dan racikan sudah memenuhi standar pelayanan minimal rumah sakit yang telah di tetapkan oleh pemerintah. Metode penelitian di lakukan dengan observasi partisipasi lengkap dengan menggunakan teknik purpose sampling. Pengamatan pelayanan resep obat jadi maupun racikan di lakukan pada bulan Juni - Juli 2019 . Data yang diambil sebanyak 177 Resep pasien rawat jalan yang terdiri dari 142 resep obat jadi dan 35 Resep obat racikan . Rata-rata waktu tunggu pelayanan resep obat jadi yaitu 11,22 menit sedangkan waktu tunggu pelayanan untuk resep obat racikan 38,22 menit. Hal ini telah sesuai dengan keputusan Menteri Kesehatan No. 129/Menkes/SK/II/2008 yaitu waktu tunggu obat jadi ( non racikan ) ≤ 30 dan Obat Racikan ≤ 60 menit.
UJI STABILITAS SEDIAAN SALEP EKSTRAK ETANOL RIMPANG KENCUR (Kaempferiae galanga L.) DALAM BERBAGAI BASISt Of Ethanol Extract Ointment of Kaempferiae galanga L. Rhizome Extract In Various Bases
Authors: Nawangsari Desy , Sunarti Sunarti
Published: March 2024

Kencur (Kaempferiae galanga L.) merupakan jenis tanaman rempah dan obat yang telah dikenal secara luas oleh masyarakat Indonesia. Secara empiris kencur digunakan sebagai penambah nafsu makan, infeksi bakteri, obat batuk, disentri, ekspektoran, masuk angin, sakit perut serta meredakan peradangan (inflamasi). Manfaat kencur sebagai anti inflamasi memerlukan pengembangkan dalam bentuk sediaan farmasi untuk meningkatkan penggunaannya. Salah satu sediaan farmasi yang dapat memudahkan dalam penggunaannya adalah salep. Pembuatan salep secara umum dibagi menjadi 4 basis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi sifat fisik dan stabilitas dari salep dengan berbagai basis yang digunakan.Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan perbedaan tipe basis salep yang digunakan pada formulasi salep ekstrak rimpang kencur berpengaruh pada sifat fisik sediaan yang dihasilkan. Warna, pH, daya sebar dan daya lekat dari sediaan salep berbeda-beda untuk tiap jenis basis yang digunakan, tetapi bau dan homogenitas sediaan yang dihasilkan sama.  Hasil ujian stabilitas fisik menunjukan salep ekstrak rimpang kencur dengan basis tercuci air termasuk stabil selama penyimpanan dengan (p value > 0,05).
PENGGUNAAN ANTI-HIPERTENSI SEBAGAI TERAPI UNTUK HIPERTENSI SELAMA KEHAMILAN : TELAAH PUSTAKA SISTEMATIK
Authors: Awaludin Adila , Rahayu Cherry , Zakiyah Neily
Published: March 2024

Resiko komplikasi dan perburukan luaran maternal dan fetal yang terjadi akibat hipertensi selama kehamilan dapat dicegah dengan pengendalian tekanan darah melalui terapi antihipertensi. Tujuan dari studi ini adalah untuk memberikan gambaran penggunaan obat antihipertensi berdasarkan efikasi dan keamanannya pada kasus hipertensi selama kehamilan. Desain studi adalah tinjauan pustaka menggunakan basis data elektronik MEDLINE (PubMed) dan Cochrane Library yang dilakukan hingga Agustus 2021. Strategi pencarian menggunakan kata kunci sesuai dengan topik studi. Artikel diseleksi berdasarkan judul dan abstrak diikuti dengan teks lengkap sesuai kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Obat antihipertensi yang dapat digunakan diantaranya IV urapidil, IV dihidralazin, IV urapidil, IV nikardipin, oral metildopa, oral isradipin, oral nifedipin, oral labetalol, oral furosemid, dan oral amlodipin. Urapidil lebih baik dalam mengontrol tekanan darah tinggi dibanding dihidralazin, meskipun efek penurunan tekanan darah yang dihasilkan tidak sekuat nikardipin. Meski demikian, urapidil memiliki tolerabilitas yang lebih baik dibandingkan dengan dihidralazin dan nikardipin. Adapun metildopa tidak memiliki perbedaan yang signifikan dalam efikasi untuk menurunkan tekanan darah dibandingkan dengan labetalol dan isradipin. Terdapat beberapa pilihan obat antihipertensi yang dapat digunakan dan telah dibandingkan dalam percobaan klinis sebagai terapi hipertensi pada kasus hipertensi selama kehamilan.
PERBANDINGAN AKTIVITAS EKSTRAK DAUN KELOR DAN EKSTRAK DAUN SIRIH MERAH SERTA KOMBINASINYA SEBAGAI ANTIJERAWAT PENYEBAB JERAWAT
Authors: Wahyuningsih Eko Sri
Published: March 2024

Daun kelor dan daun sirih merah terbukti efektif sebagai antibakteri jerawat terhadap S. aureus dan P. acne. Kandungan daun kelor dan daun siirh merah dalah flavonoid, saponin, tanin yang bisa sebagai antibakteri. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui aktivitas antibakteri terhadap S. aureus dan P. acne konsentrat ekstrak daun kelor dan daun sirih merah serta kombinasi ekstrak daun kelor dan daun sirih merah. Ekstraksi diperoleh menggunakan metode maserasi etanol 70%. Masing-masing ekstrak dilakukan uji aktivitas antibakteri terhadap bakteri uji dengan metode difusi sumuran dengan konsentrasi 0,3%; 0,6%; 1,25%; 2,5%; 5%; 10%; 20% , kontrol positif (klindamisin) dan kontrol negatif (akuabidest steril). Selanjutnya dilakukan pengukuran zona hambat dan  penetapan konsentrasi zona hambat minimum dari kedua ekstrak. Ekstrak etanol daun kelor dapat menghambat pertumbuhan terhadap Propionibacterium acnes pada konsentrasi 1,25%, terhadap Stapylococcus aureus pada konsentrasi  1,25%   dan ekstrak etanol daun sirih merah  dapat menghambat pertumbuhan terhadap Propionibacterium acnes pada konsentrasi 2,5%, terhadap Stapylococcus aureus pada konsentrasi 2,5%. Aktivitas antibakteri terbaik kombinasi ekstrak daun sirih merah dan daun kelor terhadap bakteri Propionibacterium acnes dan Staphylococcus aureus pada konsentrasi 2,,5% : 2,5% dengan diameter daya hambat terhadap Propionibacterium acnes 22,75 ± 0,28 dan terhadap bakteri Stapylococcus aureus pada diameter daya hambat 25,50  ± 0,57
STUDI IN VIVO : EFEK ANALGESIK EKSTRAK DAN FRAKSI AIR AKAR PAKIS TANGKUR (Polypodium feei METT)
Authors: Nurul Nurul
Published: March 2024

Pain is a medical condition that is a top priority in therapy. Natural products are still in great demand as traditional medicines on the grounds that they have minimal side effects. Tangkur fern (Polypodium feei METT) has been widely used as traditional medicine. From various studies, it has been reported to have pharmacological activity, including as an analgesic-anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and antihypeurisemic agent.In this study, the analgesic effect was tested using the wriggling method in mice with 0.7% acetic acid induction. The results confirmed that the ethanol extract and aqueous fraction had a significant analgesic effect (p= <0.05) against the control group. Pakis Tangkur root aqueous fraction 100 mg/kg is the dose that has the best analgesic effect, where the total amount of stretching is 71.5±1.28 with a decrease abdominal writhingpercentage of 81.18%.
IDENTIFIKASI POTENSI INTERAKSI OBAT PADA PASIEN HIPERTENSI DI RUMAH SAKIT “X” KABUPATEN KARAWANG
Authors: Hidayah Himyatul
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACTHypertension is a condition where there is an increase in systolic blood pressure of more than 140 mmHg and diastolic blood pressure of more than 90 mmHg. In some cases of hypertension, it takes a combination of several drugs to reach the target blood pressure. However, the combination of several of these drugs can lead to drug interactions. This study aims to identify potential drug interactions that occur from the profile of drug use in hypertensive patients. The research design used was a descriptive cross-sectional study with retrospective data collection from October to December 2019 at the "X" Hospital, Karawang Regency. Each type of drug in the prescription sheet was analyzed based on the Drug Interaction Facts and Lexicomp literature. The results of this study were the profile of drug use in hypertensive patients, which was most often given the Calcium Channel Blocker group, with 83 (58%) of the drug amlodipine. The percentage of prescriptions with potential drug interactions were 33(37%) and 57(63%) had no potential drug interactions. This study concluded that the potential for drug interactions found based on the classification of the highest severity level, namely the moderate classification was 18(79%), where the interaction of this category needs medical attention because the effects can cause changes in the patient's clinical status. Keyword: patients, hypertension, drug interaction                                                           ABSTRAK       Hipertensi merupakan suatu keadaan adanya peningkatan tekanan darah sistolik lebih dari 140 mmHg dan tekanan darah diastolik lebih dari 90 mmHg. Dalam beberapa kasus hipertensi dibutuhkan kombinasi dari beberapa obat untuk mencapai tekanan darah yang dituju. Namun, kombinasi beberapa obat ini secara sekaligus dapat mengakibatkan adanya interaksi obat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi potensi interaksi obat yang terjadi dilihat dari profil penggunaan obat pasien hipertensi. Rancangan penelitian yang digunakan adalah studi cross sectional deskriptif dengan pengambilan data secara retrospektif mulai bulan Oktober sampai Desember 2019 di Rumah Sakit “X” Kabupaten Karawang. Setiap jenis obat dalam lembar resep dianalisis berdasarkan literatur Drug Interaction Facts dan Lexicomp. Hasil penelitian ini yaitu profil penggunaan obat pasien hipertensi yang paling sering diberikan adalah golongan Calsium Channel Blocker, dengan obat amlodipin berjumlah 83(58%). Persentase jumlah resep yang memiliki potensi interaksi obat sebanyak 33 resep (37%) dan 57 resep (63%) tidak memiliki potensi interaksi obat. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa potensi interaksi obat yang ditemukan berdasarkan klasifikasi tingkat keparahannya yang tertinggi yaitu dengan klasifikasi moderate yaitu sebanyak 18(79%),  dimana interaksi kategori ini perlu mendapat perhatian medis karena efek yang ditimbulkan dapat menyebabkan perubahan pada status klinis pasien. Kata kunci: pasien,  hipertensi, interaksi obat
FORMULASI DAN UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN LOTION SARI WORTEL (Daucus carota L.) DENGAN METODE DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl)
Authors: Sulastri Lela , Rizikiyan Yayan , Indryati Sulistiorini , Amelia Renny , Karlina Nina
Published: March 2024

Radikal bebas adalah suatu senyawa atom atau molekul yang mengandung satu atau lebih elektron tidak berpasangan sehingga senyawa tersebut sangat reaktif  mencari pasangan sehingga dapat berbahaya karena sifat reaktivitasnya. Umbi wortel  merupakan tanaman  kaya akan antioksidan yang dapat menangkal radikal bebas yang mengandung beberapa senyawa antioksidan, yaitu β-carotene, anthocyanin dan vitamin C. Tujuan dari  penelitian inin untuk mengetahui apakah lotion sari wortel ini memiliki aktivitas antioksidan dan bagaimanakah kekuatan aktivitasnya serta untuk mengetahui bagaimanakah stabilitas dari lotion tersebut. Sari wortel diformulasikan dalam bentuk sediaan lotion dengan konsentrasi 10% dan 20 % kemudian diuji stabilitas dengan metode cycling test  selama 6 siklus dengan parameter uji organoleptic, pH, homogentitas, daya sebar, viskostasi , sifat alit  dan uji aktivitas antioksidan dengan metode DPPH menggunakan kontrol positif vitamin C. Lotion antiokidan sari wortel konsentrasi 10% dan 20%  stabil berdasarkan hasil pengujian organoleptik, daya sebar, tipe emulsi, homogenitas dan sifat alir  dengan pH basa dan pada viskositas tidak stabil. Lotion sari wortel  memiliki aktivitas antioksidan dengan kategori sangat aktif dengan nilai IC50 27,09 ppm dan 26,09 ppm.
ANALISIS KUALITATIF DAN KUANTITATIF HIDROKUINON DALAM SEDIAAN KOSMETIKA
Authors: Suharyani Ine , Karlina Nina , Hidayati Nur Rahmi , Salsabila Dhia Zahra , Annisa Nur , Sadira Amaliaputri , Astuti Sri Yuli , Rahmasari Yuni
Published: March 2024

Hydroquinone is a mercury compound derived from benzene, has the chemical formula C6H6O2 and is classified as very toxic. The mechanism of action of hydroquinone as a skin lightener is by inhibiting the enzymatic oxidation of tyrosine to 3, 4-dihydrophenylalanine (DOPA), inhibiting the activity of the tyrosinase enzyme in melanocytes and reducing the amount of melanin directly. The purpose of the review is to analyze the hydroquinone content both qualitatively and quantitatively in cosmetic samples. The journal search method was carried out on the website https://scholar.google.com with the keyword "hydroquinone analysis" and published within the last 10 years. Qualitative analysis can be carried out using the color reaction method and Thin Layer Chromatography while the Quantitative Analysis can be performed using the Titration Series, UV-Vis Spectrophotometry, High Performance Liquid Chromatography, TLC-Densitometer, and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectroscopy. The best method that can be used for qualitative analysis is thin layer chromatography, while quantitatively is High Performance Liquid Chromatography.
EVALUASAI DAN PENGENDALIAN PERSEDIAAN OBAT DI INSTALASI FARMASI RSUD DR. SOEKARDJO KOTA TASIKMALAYA DENGAN METODE ANALISA ABC (PARETO)
Authors: Priatna Muharam
Published: March 2024

Pengelolaan obat yang baik perlu didukung oleh tata kelola yang baik. Tata kelola yang baik akan meningkatkan pelayanan yang baik, sehingga akan meningkatkan keselamatan pasien. Perencanaan merupakan kunci keberhasilan dari pengelolaan obat. Untuk itu  diperlukan data yang valid seperti data pemakaian, leadtime, savety stock, dan sisa stok. Pada umumnya pengelolaan obat dimulai dari pemelihan, perencanaan, pengadaan, penerimaan, penyimpanan, pendistribusian, pengendalian, pemusnahan, dan administrasiTujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk  meningkatkan pengelolaan persediaan obat di Instalasi Farmasi RSUD dr. Soekardjo Tasikmalaya  agar pelayanan kefarmasian menjadi lebih baik, efektif dan efisien.Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah jenis penelitian observasional (non-eksperimental) dengan rancangan penelitian deskriptif evaluatif menggunakan data kuantitatif retrospektif dari bulan Oktober sampai bulan Desember 2020.Hasil menunjukan bahwa  berdasarkan nilai pakai, kelompok A dengan jumlkah pemakaian sebesar  586.939 (71,5 %) dan jumlah item sebanyak 59 (12,45%), kelomok B dengan jumlah pemakain 164.710 (20%) dan jumkah item 67 (14,14%), serta kelompok C dengan jumlkah pemakaian 69.612 (8,50%) dan jumlah item 348 (73,41%). Sedangkan berdasarkan nilai investasi kelompok A  menyerap anggaran Rp. 2.873.166.694,- (71,5%) dengan jumlah item 38 (8,01%),  kelompok B  menyerap anggaran Rp. 803.681.412,-(20%) dengan jumlah item  73 (15,40%), serta kekompok C menyerap anggaran Rp. 341.558.957 (8,5%) dengan jumlah item 363 (76 %).
ANALISA KAPASITAS DAYA LISTRIK TERHADAP PERUBAHAN FREKUENSI PADA MOTOR INDUKSI PENGERAK CONVEYOR BALING LINE PULP DRYER MACHINE PT. OKI PULP AND PAPER
Authors: Suherman R.M. Edy , Putra Dian Eka , Wiradhana Sahputra
Published: March 2024

Motor induksi ini selalu dioperasikan untuk mendukung proses produksi kertas di PT. OKI PULP AND PAPER pada operasinya untuk mengatur kecepatan putaran motor induksi 3 fasa pada Conveyor Baling Line Pulp Dryer Machine  dengan kapasitas 5,5 kW yaitu menggunakan kendali Variabel Speed Drive yang dihubungkan langsung dengan motor induksi 3 fasa. Dengan perubahan kecepatan tersebut dapat diketahui nilai kapasitas daya listrik dari Motor Induksi 3 Fasa SEW-EURODRIVE 5,5 KW – 7.5 HP pada PT . OKI PULP AND PAPER yang berperan sebagai penggerak Conveyor Baling Line Pulp Dryer Machine yang berguna untuk menyalurkan hasil produksi bubur kertas. Perubahan frekuensi yang masuk pada motor induksi tentunya akan menimbulkan pengaruh berupa perubahan kapisitas penggunaan bagi motor induksi tersebut. Dari hasil pengujian dan perhitungan peningkatan fekuensi maka semakin tinggi tegangan listrik yang digunakan. berbanding lurus dengan penggunaan tegangan listrik dimana semakin naik nilai frekuensi. Peningkatan tegangan masukan dan tegangan keluaran berbanding lurus dengan peningkatan putaran motor listrik atau RPM, ditandai nilai terendah Pin  sebesar 5,27 KW dan Pin terbesar yaitu 5,5 KW. Sedangan Pout  dengan nilai terendah sebesar 3,8 KW dan Pout terbesar ditandai dengan RPM maksimum sebesar 4,08 KW.
ANALISA PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN REFLEKTOR CERMIN DATAR TERHADAP DAYA OUTPUT PADA PLTS
Authors: Susanti Indah , Ginting Bersiap , Nurhaida Nurhaida , Mutiar Mutiar , Gitriadi Heru
Published: March 2024

Sel surya sebagai unit PLTS memiliki kendala daya keluaran yang kurang optimal, yang sangat tergantung dengan kondisi alam. Oleh karena itu perlu pengoptimalan daya keluaran yang dihasilkan oleh sel surya, yaitu salah satu metode pengoptimalan sel surya adalah dengan menggunakan cermin datar pemantul sinar matahari atau reflektor. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan cara mengumpulkan data-data terkait yang diperlukan kemudian melakukan pehitungan secara manual menggunakan persaman. Nilai rata-rata daya output hasil perhitungan tanpa reflektor sebesar 20,17W dengan reflektor sebesar 21,49W mengalami peningkatan daya sebesar 1,32W. Nilai rata-rata daya output dengan variasi  jumlah reflektor didapatkan hasil perhitungan dengan satu reflektor sebesar 21,26 W, dengan dua reflektor sebesar 22,50 W, dengan tiga reflektor sebesar 23,42W. Nilai rata-rata daya output dengan variasi sudut reflektor dengan perhitungan  yaitu sudut 40° sebesar 23,08W, sudut 50° sebesar 23,72W, sudut 60°sebesar 25,72W, sudut 70°sebesar 25,13W, sudut 80°sebesar 23,88W. Nilai daya output mengalami peningkatan dengan penambahan reflektor.
KUALITAS PENYALURAN DAYA SISTEM DISTRIBUSI DARI GARDU INDUK SIMPANG BELIMBING KE PENYULANG MOTOR
Authors: Subianto Subianto , Yansuri Daeny Septi , Putra Muhammad Rizky
Published: March 2024

Drop tegangan merupakan selisih tegangan pada sisi kirim dengan tegangan pada sisi terima. Masyarakat yang berada dilokasi yang cukup jauh dari gardu distribusi cenderung menerima tegangan yang nilainya lebih kecil dibandingkan dengan masyarakat yang berada dilokasi yang dekat dengan gardu distribusi. Adapun tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui apakah kualitas penyaluran daya dari GI Simpang Belimbing yang melalui Penyulang Motor ke beban masih memadai atau tidak. Dengan terlebih dahulu mengetahui besar rugi-rugi tegangan dan rugi-rugi daya pada saluran penyulang motor, besar persentase jatuh tegangan dan persentase daya pada penyulang motor, dan kualitas penyaluran daya pada penyulang motor. Untuk mendapatkan hasil yang sesuai dengan yang diharapkan maka metode penelitian yang dilakukan adalah sebagai berikut : wawancara, observasi, dan dokumen. Hasil penelitian ini adalah Arus beban pada saluran penyulang motor sebesar 359,375 Ampere. Rugi-rugi tegangan pada tiap saluran penyulang motor adalah dari GI Simpang Belimbing ke GH Tebat Agung 0,014087 kV, dari GH Tebat Agung ke GH Kasih Dewa sebesar 0,006278 kV, dan dari GH Kasih Dewa ke PLTMG sebesar 0.029553 kV. Sedangkan untuk Rugi-rugi daya adalah dari GI Simpang Belimbing ke GH Tebat Agung 4939,042 watt, dari GH Tebat Agung ke GH Kasih Dewa sebesar 2201,095 watt, dan dari GH Kasih Dewa ke PLTMG sebesar 10361,250 watt. Untuk persentase rugi-rugi jatuh tegangan adalah dari GI Simpang Belimbing ke GH Tebat Agung 99,93 %, dari GH Tebat Agung ke GH Kasih Dewa sebesar 99,97 %, dan dari GH Kasih Dewa ke PLTMG sebesar 99,85 %. Persentase rugi-rugi daya pada penyulang motor adalah 63,5 %. Kemampuan penyaluran daya pada Penyulang Motor masih baik atau masih memadai yaitu sebesar 63,5 %, yaitu sebesar 38,123 MVA.
ANALISIS GROUNDING PADA BODY TRANSFORMATOR DI POWER HOUSE PT. SAP MARIANA DENGAN SIMULASI SOFTWARE ETAP
Authors: Sofiah Sofiah , Fadilah Fadilah , Aji Ilham Purnama
Published: March 2024

Pemasangan grounding pada sebuah peralatan lisrtrik khususnya trnasformator akan mengurangi efek bahaya dari arus hubung singkat yang dapat membahayakan pekerja dan memperpendek usia peralatan itu sendiri . pada bagian power house peralatan yang dipasangkan grounding ialah transformator dimana tranformator itu sendiri sangat sering mengalami gangguan hubung singkat biasanya dikarenakan kebocoran pada isolasi yang mengakibatkan body tranformator dialiri arus listrik yang seharusnya pada saat kondisi normal tidak dialiri arus listrik.Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk menganalisa dan mencari nilai tegangan langkah dan sentuh yang apabila pekerja mendekati lokasi peralatan yang mengalami gangguan arus bocor agar tidak merasakan efek dari arus hubung singkat tersebut serta mensimulasikan menggunakan software etap mencari nilai arus hubung singkat satu phasa ke tanah dengan nilai resistansi sebesar 0,06 ohm, Hasil yang didapat dari perhitungan untuk mencari nilai tegangan langkah yaitu 564,4 volt dan untuk tegangan sentuhnya 399 volt serta nilai hasil simulasi gangguan hubung singkat 1phasa ketanah 3,974 Ampere. hasil nilai yang didapat memenuhi Standar tegangan langkah dan sentuh berdasarkan IEEE Std 80-2000 untuk manusia dengan berat 50 kg.
Os desafios da Anestesiologia frente ao manejo dos pacientes usuários de drogas ilícitas
Authors: Simões de Castro Gabriell , Lima Arthur Bassolli Larcher , Rocha Gabriela Almeida , Pedro Ludmilla Miranda , Franco Danielle Cristina Zimmermann
Published: March 2024

Introdução: O uso de drogas ilícitas, cada vez mais presente na atualidade, influencia diretamente na administração de anestésicos, sejam eles locais ou gerais, em cirurgias eletivas ou em caráter de urgência. A análise pré-operatória das condições clínicas do paciente é essencial para que seja traçada uma boa conduta anestésica, uma vez que usuários crônicos de drogas como maconha, cocaína, crack, ecstasy e heroína estão mais susceptíveis a efeitos adversos do anestésico, levando a um prognóstico operatório e pós-operatório ruim. Sendo assim, o objetivo do presente trabalho é o de analisar a literatura acerca do tema. Metodologia: Foi usada uma metodologia qualitativa, sem procura por dados quantitativos. Resultados e Discussão: Quanto aos resultados, aqueles que são usuários de maconha apresentaram maior resistência a anestésicos inalatórios e gerais, necessitando maiores posologias; no que diz respeito ao uso de cocaína e crack, anestesias locais podem ocasionar reações de toxicidade, devido ao efeito aditivo que essas drogas trazem à interação medicamentosa; aqueles que são usuários de ecstasy também apresentam risco de efeitos adversos, como lesão hepática, aumento da pressão arterial, hipertermia, convulsões e acidentes vasculares encefálicos (AVEs), sendo necessária a aplicação de um bloqueador neuromuscular junto à anestesia; quanto à heroína, por ela ser um opióide, anestésicos antagonistas dessa classe são a melhor opção, para evitar reações prejudiciais ao paciente. Conclusão: Logo, cabe à equipe cirúrgica, em casos eletivos, analisar a história do paciente para determinar boas condutas operatórias e, em situações de urgência, é responsabilidade do anestesista o cálculo das possíveis dosagens e interações dos anestésicos com o sistema do paciente, ainda que seja de difícil precisão.
PENYULUHAN PEMANFAATAN BUAH NAGA MERAH UNTUK PENDERITA DIABETES MELLITUS DI PUSKESMAS DELI TUA KABUPATEN DELI SERDANG
Authors: Girsang Rostiodertina Tina , Barus Dewi Tiansa
Published: March 2024

The prevalence of Diabetes Mellitus  increases every year continuesly, data from the World Health Organization states that around 346 million people suffer from diabetes and Indonesia is ranked fourth in the number of DM sufferers in the world. Meanwhile, Indonesia is in the 7th rank of diabetes sufferers in the world. Dietary management of DM patients need  to be modified, especially fiber and antioxidant intake. One of the fruits that can be used to improve diets for diabetes mellitus sufferers is dragon fruit which has the advantage of being rich in fiber and antioxidants and rich in vitamin C. Dragon fruit can control blood glucose levels so that it can prevent complications. The aim after counseling and demonstrations, it is hoped that fruit juice is made. Red Dragon can reduce glucose levels in diabetes mellitus clients and can be applied in the treatment of lowering blood glucose levels in diabetes mellitus sufferers. The activities carried out were in the form of counseling using leaflets and demonstrations on how to process and give red dragon fruit. There is a decrease in glucose levels in clients with diabetes mellitus after giving red dragon fruit for 14 days at the Delitua Health Center, Deli Serdang Regency. Thus, giving red dragon fruit for clients with diabetes mellitus is very effective in lowering glucose.
PENYULUHAN TENTANG KHASIAT DAUN BANDOTAN TERHADAP PENURUNAN KADAR GULA DARAH DI PUSKESMAS TALUN KENAS
Authors: Simorangkir Delisma
Published: March 2024

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease with chronic characteristics of hyperglycemia with metabolic disorders of carb, fats, and proteins. Therapies using synthetic drugs require a substantial amount of money and are having these side effects that encourage people to begin shifting into the traditional treatment of bandotan leaves.
Purpose: To determine the effectiveness of bandotan leaf ethanol extract can reduce blood sugar levels compared to glibenclamide drugs.
Method: The method used is the experimental method. The sample was extracted by maceration method using 70% ethanol sailor. Testing for antidiabetic effects was carried out on 15 male white rats divided into 5 treatment groups, namely the first group negative control (CMC Na 0.5%), the second group positive control (glibenclamide), the third group dose 126 mg / BB Kg, 4th group dose 252 mg / Kg BB, and group 5 dose 378 mg / Kg BB. The results were tested using the ANOVA method.
Result: Based on this study, the ethanol extract of bandotan leaves at a dose of 126 mg / Kg BB, 252 mg / Kg, and 378 mg / Kg BB gave a decrease in blood sugar levels. the administration of bandotan leaf extract with a dose of 378 mg / Kg BB gave the same effective results as the glibenclamide drug while the negative control group (CMC Na 0.5%) was not effective in lowering blood sugar levels.
Conclusion: Bandotan leaf ethanol extract has the effect of decreasing blood sugar levels which are almost the same as glibenclamide drugs in male white mice induced with alloxan.
LATIHAN STRETCHING PADA LANSIA DI DESA MEKAR SARI KECAMATAN DELITUA KABUPATEN DELI SERDANG
Authors: Tumanggor Lili Suryani , Ginting Daniel Suranta
Published: March 2024

Stretching is a form of exercise therapy aimed at stretching muscles that experience stiffness due to continuous loading when working or it is quite high, and the data is easy to get, doing activities, so that the muscles become stiff, shorten, this triggers pain in the affected muscles. Stretching can overcome problems that often occur, namely neck pain and stiffness, upper and lower back pain, low back pain, pain in the hamstrings and pain in the calves. This health education is carried out to reduce pain by doing stretching. The impact of pain is caused by sensitivity and loss of bodily functions in the lower back. Pain stimuli can be in the form of mechanical, thermal, or chemical stimuli and the mixture is received by the receptors consisting of free nerve endings which have the specification here that an action potential occurs and this impulse is transmitted to the pain center. The treatment for the elderly is to find activities that are suitable for the physical and spiritual abilities of the elderly (stretching), providing nutritious food, encouraging adequate rest, physiological approaches, cognitive approaches. This health counseling is carried out for the elderly with low back pain in Mekar Sari village, Delitua sub-district, Deli Serdang district. The conclusion of this health education is that hip exercises (stretching) in the lower back in the elderly can be a method, which, if done according to the proper procedure, can reduce the level of low back pain in the elderly.
PENYULUHAN TENTANG PENERAPAN ROLL O’PACK DI RUANG PENYIMPANAN REKAM MEDIS DI RUMAH SAKIT UMUM SEMBIRING
Authors: Sembiring Rusdi Andreas , Sinaga Jon Piter
Published: March 2024

The confidentiality of the contents of medical records is strengthened by the Republic of Indonesia Minister of Health Regulation No. 269 / Menkes / Per / III / 2008 article 10 paragraph 1 which states  "Information  about  the  identity,  diagnosis,  medical  history,  examination  history  and treatment  history  of  the patient  must  be  kept  confidential by doctors,  dentists,  certain  health workers, management officers and leaders of service facilities. Health ”The medical record file storage system in public hospitals while using a centralized management system where outpatient and inpatient medical record files become one. The storage device uses an open wooden shelf. According to the Ministry of Health, RI (1991) in Ahmadi (2011: 16), that the medical record file storage room must pay attention to the following matters: The medical record storage room should be separated from other office rooms to maintain the safety of these medical records. Roll O Pack is a Push Filing cabinet for storing large capacity documents that can be moved manually or by mechanical drive. The results showed that before conducting counseling, the officers did not know the advantages and disadvantages of using the o'pack roll, before implementing the o'pack roll at the RSU Sembiring, the officer had to know first what the advantages and disadvantages of the o'pack roll were, if the o'pack roll gave more There are many advantages for officers and services, so the implementation of roll o'pack is very much needed and must be realized as soon as possible so that the storage system at the RSU Sembiring becomes rapid and the files are not damaged so that the useful value of medical record files is better.
PENYULUHAN TENTANG KEPEMIMPINAN DALAM UNIT REKAM MEDIS RSU SEMBIRING
Authors: Manulang Hengky Frengki , Sinaga Jon Piter
Published: March 2024

In an organization of urgency on the capability and capacity of a leader really needed an effort to run and maintain the organization to an organization that still walk and run functions as where it should be so reasonable that a leader in case this should continue to improve capacity as a leader. Community service activities in the form of This extension is a response to problems of capacity of a leader in managing the organization that he leads are often times encountered was the lack of capacity of a leader who in the end will result in less well-organized organization and ultimately led walk not the function of each part of an organization. This activity generally aims to provide knowledge in order to increase the capacity of the leadership element in managing the hospital medical record unit , and for the material in this out reach activity itself is material that is processed by the team based on the model of leadership theories . This activity was held at Sembiring hospital, Deli Tua Subdistrict . Overall, this activity ran smoothly starting from the preparation and planning stage, the implementation stage, until the report writing stage went smoothly without any significant obstacles. The enthusiasm of the participants extension consisting of the ranks of the sick as well as the leadership of the unit, especially medical records show that the activities of counseling is responded to well by the participants. Response positive that shown by these participants indicated that this activity brings impacts that are positive for the leadership of medical records , especially in the increase the understanding of the ranks of the hospital in order creation work order management that is optimal.
PENYULUHAN PENATALAKSANAAN NYERI REUMATOID ARTRITIS DI RUMAH PADA LANSIA
Authors: Hariati Hariati , Ginting Selamat , Sari Nur Mala
Published: March 2024

Rheumatoid arthritis is one of the most common diseases affecting the elderly. This disease causes pain and decreased activity of the elderly on a daily basis. The problem that occurs in the elderly often experiences pain and loses the ability to carry out their activities. The alternative solution to the problem that can be done is by taking non-pharmacological actions. One very easy and inexpensive procedure is a warm compress. This action is very practical and can be done by everyone, including the elderly. This action is rarely done by the elderly when they are in pain. The service was carried out for the elderly as many as 42 people, namely counseling on rheumatoid arthritis, management of rheumatoid arthritis pain. The community service implementation team provides training on how to compress it to all elderly people who are in the work area of ​​the Medan Amplas Community Health Center Sevice. The team conducted a home visit to evaluate the community service program. Extension activities run smoothly. There were 10 elderly people who asked about counseling materials. It is important to do routine outreach activities to the elderly about other complaints they have to improve their health status.
PENYULUHAN MANFAAT PENUNDAAN PEMOTONGAN TALI PUSAT PADA BAYI KEPADA IBU HAMIL
Authors: Yanti Mutiara Dwi , Siagian Nurul Aini , Hutabarat Vitrilina , Siregar Gf Gustina , Ariescha Purti Ayu Yessy , Manalu Andayani Boang
Published: March 2024

The main causes of neonatal mortality are prematurity, complications related to childbirth, namely asphyxia and infections and birth defects. When in the womb, the baby's body system depends on the mother. At this time the fetus will get oxygen from the mother. When the baby is born into the world, then the umbilical cord is cut, automatically the dependence on the mother stops. Whether or not the function of the organs is measured by an assessment or test called the APGAR test. Assessment of the general condition of the baby is assessed one minute after birth and then 5 minutes after the baby is born. The World Health Organization (WHO) itself is now issuing guidelines related to clamping and cutting of the newborn's umbilical cord. A delay in clamping of the umbilical cord of more than 120 seconds is recommended to improve the degree of LBW health and nutrition in the baby. Central delay can improve the APGAR value in infants and affect hemoglobin (Hb), hematocrit (Ht) levels, increase blood volume or erythrocytes, so as to prevent hypovolemia and hypotension in low birth weight. However, this has not been widely socialized to pregnant women, especially in the third trimester. which is nearing labor. The purpose of this activity is to provide education to pregnant women about the importance of delaying the clamping of the baby's cord during childbirth. The method of implementing this activity is socialization to pregnant women about delaying cord clamping to prevent asphyxia in newborns.