bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
impact of nurses' work environment on job satisfaction and job resignation
Authors: Al Zaydan Shaker Mohammed Salem , Hajaji Majed Ali Shoei , Mujammami Raed Mohamad Ahmed , Almalki Naif Ahmed Mohammed , Qattan Sultan Yahya Mohammed , Almutairi Yourself Moteb Hmjan
Published: April 2024

This literature review investigates the impact of nurses' work environment on their job satisfaction and likelihood of resignation, with a specific focus on psychology nurses. It examines the relationship between various factors within the work environment, including work atmosphere, interpersonal relationships, workload, stress, training, autonomy, organizational culture, leadership, and support systems, and their influence on nurses' job satisfaction and intention to leave. The review highlights the importance of a supportive and well-organized work environment in promoting job satisfaction and reducing turnover rates. It emphasizes the need for interventions aimed at improving communication, collaboration, decision-making processes, staffing levels, recognition programs, and leadership development. Additionally, addressing workload issues and providing adequate training and support are crucial strategies. The study contributes to the existing knowledge by providing a comprehensive understanding of the complex dynamics of the nursing profession and the unique challenges faced by psychology nurses. It identifies specific factors that significantly influence nurses' job satisfaction and likelihood of resigning, offering insights for organizations to improve their work environment and promote job satisfaction, ultimately leading to better patient care.
Desafios enfrentados por profissionais e empresas da área de T.I. durante a pandemia de Covid-19 no Brasil
Authors: Ciuffi Eduardo Luigi Tavares da Silva , Furtado Stephany Dantas de Freitas , Furtado Julio Cezar Costa
Published: April 2024

O surgimento da pandemia de COVID-19 afetou grandemente a população mundial e os setores comerciais, inclusive o setor de desenvolvimento de software. Consequentemente, foram adotadas medidas de contenção que forçaram muitas empresas e funcionários a migrarem repentinamente para um ambiente remoto de trabalho. A pandemia de COVID-19 trouxe consigo uma necessidade urgente de transição para o trabalho remoto, interrompendo drasticamente a rotina dos desenvolvedores de software. Essa mudança abrupta, como destacado por obrigou-os a se adaptarem a um novo cenário de trabalho em casa. Além disso, essa transição pode alterar significativamente a percepção dos profissionais sobre essa nova realidade e o impacto que ela tem sobre eles. Nesse sentido, este trabalho tem como objetivo analisar as perspectivas dos profissionais da área de T.I., no Brasil, a respeito dos desafios e mudanças enfrentados durante a pandemia de COVID-19; os reflexos que ela causou no cotidiano dos desenvolvedores e como esses afetaram sua produtividade e bem-estar. Como forma de atingir esse objetivo, uma pesquisa de opinião online foi definida e aplicada em profissionais da área de T.I. com questões pertinentes ao tema. Procurou-se investigar as dinâmicas de trabalho estabelecidas entre os desenvolvedores e seus superiores e colegas durante a pandemia. O estudo visou compreender até que ponto esses profissionais conseguiram manter sua eficiência no desempenho de suas atividades laborais e quais ajustes foram necessários para enfrentar essa nova realidade. A pesquisa obteve 47 respostas, representando profissionais de 13 estados brasileiros, abrangendo todas as regiões do país. Apesar dos desafios, 78% expressaram desejo de manter o trabalho remoto em algum grau. Isso sugere que, embora enfrentem obstáculos, os profissionais de TI percebem vantagens significativas no modelo remoto, possivelmente relacionadas a flexibilidade e eficiência.
Research on Female Fertility Discrimination in the Technology Industry
Authors: Yang Wenyuan
Published: April 2024

The technology industry has always been considered a male-dominated field and women face various challenges and discrimination in the industry. One of the major issues that women face in the tech industry is maternity discrimination, which not only hurts the tech industry such as brain drain, but also affects the image of this industry. Maternity discrimination refers to unfair treatment or discrimination against women because they are pregnant, giving birth, or raising children. This paper analyses the current situation of the tech industry, its characteristics, requirements for employees and case studies in order to propose solutions and implications for the tech industry, of this maternity discrimination. The significance of studying female fertility discrimination in the tech industry is to reveal the unfairness that this discrimination has caused to women's career opportunities, salary packages, and promotion opportunities, and to provide a basis for promoting a more inclusive and equal working environment in the tech industry.
Unveiling Huili's Brand Image: Exploring Causes and Strategies
Authors: Yu Shuwen
Published: April 2024

Huili is a well-known footwear brand in China, and its brand image has declined significantly in recent years compared to before. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to investigate the unknown reasons causing Huili’s brand image damage. This paper applies the approach of marketing mix theory to help Huili identify its problems in product and promotion. According to the results of the applied research, Huili faced huge accusations in terms of product design, product hazards, and ineffective promotional strategies. These problems have piled up one after the other and have created a huge problem of declining brand impressions of Huili. Therefore, it is highly recommended and necessary to conduct a detailed study on the deficiencies of Huili in all aspects of marketing mix theory. This paper suggests that Huili hires insightful designers to create more original designs, conduct deeper investigations to enhance the quality of its products, and customize its promotional strategies according to market segments. Feasible methods are then developed accordingly so that Huili can recover from the damage to its brand image and further prosper and survive in today's market with a greater competitive advantage.
A Comparative Study of Employment Pressure Between American and Chinese College Students
Authors: Chen Weihong
Published: April 2024

With the increase of global economic uncertainty, geopolitical conflicts and the increasingly fierce competition between China and the United States, the world economy is slowly falling into a recession, and one of the serious problems caused by it is the employment of college students. According to relevant statistics, for China, the current unemployment rate of college students has reached a record high, in the United States, due to the large number of prestigious schools, but the U.S. domestic real economy is not so strong employment absorption capacity, so the United States graduating college students face the same employment pressure should not be underestimated. This paper analyzes the employment pressure of college students in China and the United States through a combination of qualitative analysis and case study method, and forms targeted policy recommendations on the basis of the analysis. The research in this paper can provide some support to the current research on college students' employment.
The Influential Factors of Spotify's Business Strategy
Authors: Mei Ryan Ruiyang
Published: April 2024

Spotify, being the leading audio streaming platform globally, holds a dominant position within the business. In spite of the upward trend observed in both income and user engagement metrics over the course of several years, Spotify has experienced a substantial increase in its operational expenses. Specifically, these costs have escalated from $90 million in 2018 to a remarkable $13.05 billion in 2022. The exponential increase in spending has had a substantial influence on Spotify's financial performance. During the present fiscal year, there was a decline of 14% in the stock price of Spotify, specifically in the month of June. Despite its dominance in the audio streaming industry, Spotify has consistently incurred financial losses, primarily due to its low-profit margin business model. This research paper aims to employ the SWOT methodology in order to conduct a comprehensive examination of the components inside Spotify's business model that have contributed to its financial deficits.
Analysis of the Current Situation of Chinese Sports Consumption Market and Research on Its Development Countermeasures
Authors: Chen Feiyang , Gu Ziang , Yan Aolin
Published: April 2024

The sports consumption market in China has undergone remarkable expansion, driven by the increasing disposable incomes of its population and a growing emphasis on health and fitness. This article delves deeper into the multifaceted evolution of this industry, tracing its journey from its inception to its present state, which is characterized by a dynamic and multifarious landscape. Importantly, this transformation signifies a noteworthy shift in consumer priorities, with a stronger focus on personal well-being and active sports engagement. While the potential for growth within this market is substantial, it is not without its share of challenges. Among these challenges are issues related to inadequate sports infrastructure and less-than-optimal marketing strategies. This study adopts a comprehensive research approach, combining qualitative interviews and quantitative data analysis, to thoroughly investigate these hurdles and propose viable solutions that can facilitate sustainable growth. By contextualizing the historical development of the sports consumption market in China and analyzing the ongoing shifts, this study equips industry stakeholders with invaluable insights. These insights empower stakeholders to make informed decisions regarding the future trajectory of the market. As the sports consumption landscape continues to evolve in response to changing consumer behaviors and market dynamics, this research serves as a vital resource for navigating this complex terrain, ultimately fostering the continued development and expansion of the industry. In essence, it offers a roadmap for realizing the full potential of the Chinese sports consumption market while addressing its inherent challenges.
The Enhancement of Undergraduates' Self-Regulated English Writing Ability from the Perspective of Metacognition
Authors: Ma Yanlei , Shao Keying , Sun Jiayin , Wang Jingyi
Published: April 2024

Metacognition and self-regulated learning ability are important research areas in the field of education. This paper summarizes the current research status of metacognition and self-regulated learning ability, mainly focuses on the influence of metacognition on undergraduates' self-regulated learning ability in English writing and explores the intrinsic connection between the two and their important role in individual learning. This paper shows that metacognitive awareness generally occurs in conjunction with metacognitive regulation as learners complete English writing tasks. Metacognitive regulation has also been shown to have a very important role in English writing. Learners who use metacognitive strategies can have some awareness and control over their cognitive process. Learners' greater involvement in the control of writing behavior may be a source of metacognitive regulation effectiveness. It is recommended that college students use more metacognitive strategies in performing English writing tasks, which will have a positive impact on self-regulation of English writing skills.
Construction and operation of college labor education curriculum evaluation system based on CIPP model
Authors: Shaoying Yang
Published: April 2024

CIPP curriculum evaluation model is a new evaluation model of the whole course. Follow the scientific principles to construct and run the CIPP model based college labor education curriculum evaluation system, in order to mobilize multiple subjects to participate in the evaluation, use multiple evaluation methods, according to the evaluation feedback continuous improvement, help to promote the effective implementation of college labor education curriculum, labor education curriculum to achieve the purpose of education.
COMPARISON OF POST-OPERATIVE OUTCOMES OF MASS CLOSURE CONTINUOUS TECHNIQUE VS HUGHES REPAIR IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING EXPLORATORY LAPAROTOMY
Authors: ULLAH SS , HIRAJ MURK , SHAH MF , ZAKRIA M , SHAHID M
Published: April 2024

Surgical techniques for abdominal closure following exploratory laparotomy play a crucial role in determining postoperative complications. The mass closure continuous approach and Hughes repair are commonly employed methods with unique characteristics and outcomes. Objective: This retrospective comparative study aimed to evaluate the incidence of postoperative complications associated with the mass closure continuous approach and Hughes repair in patients undergoing exploratory laparotomy. Methods: The study was conducted at Nishtar Hospital Multan from July 2023 to December 2023. A total of 50 patients aged between 18 and 60 years of both genders, undergoing exploratory laparotomy, were included through non-probability sampling. Patients were treated either with the mass closure continuous technique or Hughes repair for abdominal closure. The mean operative time for each technique was recorded. The incidence of postoperative complications, including incisional hernia, wound infection, abdominal burst, and seroma, was assessed. Statistical analysis was performed using appropriate methods. Results: The mean operative time for the mass closure continuous technique was 16.32±2.1 minutes, significantly lower than that of Hughes repair (p<0.0001). Patients treated with Hughes repair demonstrated a significantly lower incidence of incisional hernia, wound infection, abdominal burst, and seroma compared to those treated with the mass closure continuous technique. Conclusion: Hughes's repair technique for abdominal closure following exploratory laparotomy is associated with reduced occurrence of postoperative complications, including incisional hernia and wound-related issues. Therefore, it may be considered a safe and effective option for abdominal closure in these patients.
The Road to Branding in the Digital Age: The Power and Challenges of New Media Influencers
Authors: Qi Yuhan
Published: April 2024

This study aims to provide insights into the impact of new media influencers on brand management in the digital age. With the rise of social media, the role of influencers in guiding consumer decision-making has become increasingly prominent. This paper systematically analyzes the role of new media influencers in arousing consumers' "awareness", "interest", "desire" and "action" and their contribution to the whole brand management process, combining the brand value chain model and the co-branding normalization strategies. By comprehensively analyzing indicators such as the number of observers, the degree of interaction and the quality of content, this study successfully quantified the degree of influence of new media influencers at different stages. It was found that when choosing partners, brands should focus on their fit with the brand's core values, as well as on whether the influencer's audience segment matches the target market. Meanwhile, recommendations are made for choosing authentic and trustworthy influencers and establishing transparent partnerships in order to cope with market saturation and trust crises. In the Future Challenges and Solutions Outlook, in the face of changes in social media algorithms, the paper suggests that brands adopt a multi-channel strategy while emphasizing the importance of establishing clear KPIs and a collaborative framework. Finally, an in-depth analysis of the opportunities and challenges of the co-branding normalization strategies is presented, highlighting the importance of trust building, collaboration costs, consistency and public relations risks. This research provides practical data support and strategic recommendations for brand managers to better address brand management challenges in the digital age.
Analysis of the Role of Positive Romantic Relationship Plays on Reducing Depression
Authors: Zhao Ruobing
Published: April 2024

It is very interesting to notice when we compare the data collected by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention the main age of getting depression which is from aged 18 to 24 years old is coincidence with the age of getting into a first love from 15 to 21 years old. So there could be a very high chance for youth with depression to face the situation of making decisions about romantic relationships. The problem has formed those people with depression symptoms might be worried about whether there will be an interaction of symptoms and romantic relationships to cause a bad effect on each side. Those worrying about these problems can lead to anxiety for themselves and their partners who fall in love with them. To prove that a healthy relationship can help reduce depression levels, this study anonymously interviews depressed adolescents in romantic relationships and conducts secondary surveys to draw conclusions. Currently there are not too many studies on the effect of love relationships on depression reduction. It hopes that through the results of this study can reduce the anxiety of depressed patients about entering a romantic relationship, and at the same time, they hope to prove that healthy romantic relationship as a caring method to reduce depression can make patients healthier.
Influencing Factors and Impact of Emotion Regulation
Authors: Shi Baoyi
Published: April 2024

Emotion regulation refers to the process of regulating and controlling emotions through cognition, emotion and behavior when individuals face different situations. Emotion regulation is a form of human self-control that helps individuals better adapt to their social and life environment. This paper mainly studies the factors that affect emotion regulation strategies. Through a review of these papers, the researcher finds that emotion-related processes change with age. When looking up the articles about the relationship between emotion and age, it is also found that in addition to age, there are many factors affecting the regulation of emotion. Such as mental illness, environmental, background factors, etc. Studies have found that the efficiency of emotional regulation improves with age, and studies have shown differences in emotional expression between boys and girls. In addition, the influence of situational factors on emotion regulation is multifaceted. This article comprehensively considers the influence of different factors on emotion regulation, and provides relevant viewpoints for the study of the mechanism of emotion regulation.
The Impact of Observers on Peoples Behavior
Authors: Zhang Tianqi
Published: April 2024

The Hawthorne Experiment, proposed by Hawthorne, demonstrated the impact of observers on human behavior, known as the observer effect. Subsequent research on this effect has emerged in numerous forms and conducted analyses from both positive and negative aspects. These investigations suggest that the observers impact may be either positive or negative and needs to be eliminated. Beyond its initial grounding in psychological research, the influence of observers spans across various fields, signifying its pivotal importance. This paper explores how different observation positions and methods can yield varying impacts on peoples behavior. It aims to investigate how individuals behavior changes under diverse observation scenarios, such as with the mere presence of observers, having potential concerns of privacy infringement, and other contributing factors. The experiment records completion times and task performance for analysis. The studys findings support the assertion that diverse observation positions and methods can lead to entirely different positive or negative influences. Potential limitations and future prospects are also outlined in this paper.
The Impact of Short Videos on the Creation and Dissemination of Intangible Cultural Heritage
Authors: Zhang Yitong
Published: April 2024

Intangible cultural heritage serves as a vital repository of national and ethnic history and culture, playing a crucial role in preserving cultural diversity and fostering cultural exchange. In recent years, the evolution of digital media has opened up new avenues for the dissemination of intangible cultural heritage. This shift has profoundly influenced the preservation and transmission of intangible cultural heritage, particularly with the widespread adoption of short video platforms altering the landscape of heritage transmission. This study examines and analyzes the creative attributes of short videos focused on intangible cultural heritage, revitalizing otherwise static cultural assets. Practical challenges encountered during the dissemination process, such as low content quality and audience engagement, have contributed to a lack of public attention towards these videos. In response, this research proposes effective development strategies aimed at safeguarding and perpetuating intangible cultural heritage, with a focus on leveraging short video platforms to foster the healthy evolution of heritage transmission.
Challenges and opportunities in achieving secure hospital clinical mobility management: An illustrative use case
Authors: Gellert George A. , Stanton Glynn , Paulemon Michael , Roberts Mark , Hardcastle Robert , Kelly Sean P.
Published: April 2024

Objective: To qualitatively describe a use case at Yale New Haven Health System (YNHHS) illustrating the need for and effective deployment of innovative technologies to manage an enterprise-owned shared device (EOSD) management program. EOSD management provides clinicians with secure, rapid access to enterprise mobile devices and applications, maintains devices in functional, use ready condition for clinicians, and enables enterprise tracking and reduced loss of devices.Methods: Executive leaders in clinical information technology and informatics management at YNHHS were interviewed through written and telephonic communication. Qualitative data was gathered through communications between clinical and information technology executives and the implementation support team of a leading identity and access management (IAM) solutions and EOSD management solution provider. Use case information was gathered, integrated and shared with health system executives and health IT/informatics leaders to verify the description of unmet needs, solution objectives and impact/value delivered after implementation of the EOSD management solution.Results: Benefits realized from implementation of an enterprise-shared mobility management solution included establishment of a cohesive and comprehensive enterprise-owned, shared device management strategy. This included effective monitoring and dynamic management of the system’s mobile device fleet, and better IT resource management with reduced mobile device loss. The IT administrative burden was reduced. While not surveyed systematically, improved clinician experience and satisfaction were reported to IT leaders anecdotally. EOSD management solution deployment was rapid, as was the time to improved clinician mobile experience and clear demonstration of value.Conclusions: A leading US health system was able to rapidly deploy a shared mobile device management solution that enabled effective monitoring and dynamic management of the enterprise mobile device fleet, with easier and faster clinician device access and workflows, and reduced IT administrative demand and costs. While the complexities associated with increased clinical mobility in healthcare will likely continue to grow, issuing future device and mobile management challenges that require effective hospital system response, technologies have emerged that enable more effective, efficient and satisfactory organizational mobility performance.
Role development and utilization of master’s-prepared omani nurses working in clinical settings: A multiple case study
Authors: Al Mukhaini Salma , Martin-Misener Ruth , Weeks Lori , Al-Awaisi Huda , Macdonald Marilyn
Published: April 2024

Background and aim: The roles of master’s-prepared nurses in clinical settings differ by country.  Examples include nurse practitioners, clinical nurse specialists, nurse managers, educators, and researchers. Little is known regarding the role development and utilization of master’s-prepared nurses in Oman. The aim is to explore the role development and utilization of master’s-prepared Omani nurses working in clinical settings in Oman’s governmental healthcare system.Methods: Multiple case study methodology involving two governmental acute care hospitals in Oman. Individual semi-structured interviews were conducted with master's-prepared Omani nurses (n = 19), policymakers (n = 8), and co-workers (n = 8). Relevant documents, including job descriptions and nursing career pathway were reviewed. Interviews and documents were analyzed using thematic analysis.Results: Master's-prepared Omani nurses were mainly utilized in management, education, and nurse specialist roles. Four overarching themes were identified: 1) Drivers for master's-preparation in clinical settings, 2) The journey after pursuing a master's education, 3) Master’s- prepared nurses' roles, their development, and their scope of practice, and 4) Perspectives about the current utilization of master's-prepared Omani nurses. Participants indicated utilization of master’s-prepared Omani nurses in clinical settings could be enhanced.Conclusions: Master’s-prepared nurses could play a vital role in supporting the needs of patients and addressing gaps in clinical settings if their advanced knowledge and competencies were fully utilized. Linking master’s-prepared nurses’ roles to patient, organization, and system needs and engaging stakeholders in developing their roles will enable optimum utilization of this valuable human resource.
Beban Kerja Yang Berat Menyebabkan Ketidakpatuhan Perawat Dalam Melengkapi Pendokumentasian
Authors: Wahyuni Rini
Published: April 2024

Introduction: In every implementation of the nursing process, nurses will always record or often called documenting. Documenting is an activity of recording, reporting, or recording an event and activity carried out in the form of providing services that are considered important and valuable. One of the factors that can affect documenting is workload. The workload of a nurse can be seen as the dimension of all activities or activities carried out by a nurse during a stint in a nursing service unit.
Methods: This type of research uses quantitative descriptive assessments using the Chi-Square method and samples taken by 79 nurses. The independent variable uses a Questionnaire instrument and the dependent variable uses an observation sheet where the questionnaire has 13 questions from Nursalam in 2017 and the observation sheet has 24 questions from the Depkes RI in 1995.
Results: It was obtained that 29 out of 43 respondents (67.4%) stated heavy workload with non-compliance levels and 32 out of 36 respondents (88.9%) stated light workload with compliance levels. Statistical test results obtained the value of P-value = 0.000 means p-value < (0.05).
Discussion: There is a workload relationship with the level of compliance of nurses in completing the documenting of nursing care in the RSPAD surgical room in 2021.
Strategy for Implementing Digital Marketing (Case Study of a Coconut Fruit Expedition Business in Makassar City)
Authors: Syam Agus , R Raflianto , Isma Andhika
Published: April 2024

This research aims to determine effective strategies for implementing digital marketing in running a coconut fruit expedition business in Makassar City. The research method used is descriptive qualitative research using data collection methods through observation, interviews and documentation of research objects which are then developed using Research and Development. The research results show that the implementation carried out by researchers for the Coconut Fruit Expedition in Makassar City with Research and Development implementing Digital Marketing such as WEBsite, Instagram, Facebook is important to implement because after planning and implementation using Research and Development it can be stated that digital marketing is very helpful for the expedition and consumers because it can make it easier to get information, communicate and transact online so that in this case it can prevent problems that exist in the 4.0 era and can meet consumer needs.
Individualised care in early colorectal cancer
Authors:   , Smits Lisanne Johanna Henrica
Published: April 2024

The aim of this thesis was to address diagnostic and clinical challenges in the field of advanced colorectal adenomas and early rectal cancer. The first part of this thesis described histopathological risk factors for adverse outcome and diagnostic variability in the evaluation of advanced colorectal adenomas and early colorectal cancer (CRC). After local excision of early CRC treatment options vary. In early rectal cancer treatment in particular, consequences differ in terms of morbidity, ostomy rates and oncological outcomes. Therefore, the second part of this thesis focused on short- and long-term outcomes of potential treatment options after local excision of early rectal cancer.
Human co-culture models of tau pathology
Authors:   , Batenburg Kevin Llewelyn
Published: April 2024

Tauopathies are neurodegenerative diseases marked by the accumulation of aggregated tau protein, leading to disruptions in neuronal function. Human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) technology has revolutionized the study of tau pathology by facilitating research on human neurons. It is now acknowledged that the effects of intraneuronal tau aggregation extend beyond neurons to influence surrounding glial cells, particularly astrocytes, although the mechanisms involved remain unclear due to a lack of suitable co-culture models.

This thesis addresses this gap by developing two- and three-dimensional (2/3D) human in vitro neuron/astrocyte co-culture models of tau pathology. In Chapter 2, a protocol for generating microwell co-cultures of iPSC-derived neurons and primary human astrocytes to model intraneuronal tau aggregation was established. Results demonstrated successful tau aggregation via overexpression of P301L tau and subsequent treatment with tau preformed fibrils (PFFs). In addition, for the first time in human neurons spontaneous aggregation of tau in the absence of PFFs was demonstrated by overexpression of double-mutated tau containing the P301L and S320F mutations. The detailed culture procedures provided serve as a valuable resource for future research.

Chapter 3 utilized this co-culture model to explore the cell (non-) autonomous effects of intraneuronal tau aggregation. A high-content, automated microscopy approach was employed to quantify tau aggregation, cellular stress markers, and neuronal morphology. While neurons were not overtly affected by tau accumulation, astrocytes exhibited increased oxidative stress and activation of stress response pathways, independent of extracellular tau, which could be blocked by tau-targeting antisense therapy.

In Chapter 4 a 3D human neuron/astrocyte co-culture model was developed to better simulate neuron/astrocyte interactions in the presence of intraneuronal tau pathology. This model displayed synapse formation and neuronal activity, and confirmed spontaneous tau aggregation without the use of PFFs, further validating its utility for studying tau pathogenesis in a physiologically relevant environment.

Chapter 5 investigated the impact of the extracellular matrix (ECM) in 3D cultures on the diffusion and uptake of extracellular tau PFFs. Results revealed that unlike in 2D culture, extracellular tau PFFs did not induce tau aggregation in 3D culture, but this was not due to limited diffusion. This suggests that the biological ECM limits tau seeding in 3D culture, prompting the need for innovative (synthetic) ECMs to better mimic extracellular tau seeding.

In summary, this thesis contributes to understanding the complex mechanisms underlying tauopathies by developing advanced in vitro models that recapitulate intraneuronal tau aggregation and its effects on surrounding astrocytes. These models provide valuable tools for investigating potential therapeutic interventions targeting tau pathology.
Article: Environmental Exception and the Legitimate Expectations of Investors in Investment Arbitration
Authors: Gaião Santos Nilo Sérgio
Published: April 2024

The aim of this study is to examine the application of the protection of investor legitimate expectations in investment arbitration cases involving environmental regulations. On the one hand, States commonly maintain – and on occasions successfully – that their act are consistent as a legitimate exercise of their right to regulate. On the other hand, investors more commonly prevail by advancing claims based on the protection against expropriation and on the fair and equitable treatment clause, provided for in the applicable investment treaty. Both substantive standards involve the protection of investor expectations, albeit in distinct courses of action. In this context, the question to be assessed is whether, and if so to what extent, the legal notion of legitimate expectation has been a key factor to the outcome of environmental disputes between foreign investor and host States. To address this issue, we have selected nine awards on merits, issued between 2016 and 2022, representing the most recent case law in this subject. Our primary observation is that the notion of legitimate expectation did not prove to be decisive in awards favoring investors, thereby contradicting the prevailing common understanding.

Investment arbitration; right to regulate; legitimate expectations; protection of the environment; environmental disputes.
Article: Power and Expertise in Global Tax Governance
Authors: Sydänmaanlakka Linda
Published: April 2024

It is a rather broadly held misconception that the project on Base Erosion and Profit Shifting (BEPS) began in September 2013 when the G20 Leaders’ endorsed the OECD’s Action Plan on BEPS.1 The general acceptance of this narrative is understandable and perhaps largely trivial. However, it does tell us something important about our tendency to focus on the foreground of issues – on the immediate and obvious. When public focus is narrowed down to notable events, such as the G20 Leaders’ summits, the background work of tax experts fades out of focus. Often, the work of the expert is not even associated with the idea of public power and authority; it is reduced to something concerned with mere technicalities. Yet, it is the expert who outlines the agenda and prepares the discussion drafts and executive summaries that inform the (political) actor in the foreground of the issues that, based on objective expert knowledge, should somehow be addressed in one way or another. The more complex the issue, the less that the actor in the foreground has the technical ability to assess the merits of the experts’ proposition. Sometimes, owing to our desire to be confident in our ability to grasp difficult concepts, we may ultimately support the expert who makes the claim of superior knowledge over an issue we do not fully comprehend precisely as a result of our lack of understanding so as to deny or conceal this deficiency. Occasionally, such false confidence of the foreground actor in their ability to assess the propositions of the expert may result in a feedback loop in which the ideas of the expert appear to legitimize the power of the foreground actor, and this power subsequently appears to legitimize the expert’s ideas.

This article will discuss the role of experts and the everyday power they use in the realm of global tax governance. To date, such a discussion has largely escaped the agenda of legal academic discussion.3 Yet, the importance of the discussion on expert power in tax is paramount; unawareness over this constituent element of the current paradigm results in an inability to address what is known as the legitimacy deficit of global tax governance. This will continue to reproduce global power imbalance in favour of the privileged and at the expense of the disenfranchized. The development of international tax norms into a regime of global tax governance will serve as a framework for this discussion thereby rendering the role of experts working under the auspices of the League of Nations and, subsequently, the OECD at the center of the focus.

Global tax governance, technocracy, politics of taxation, experts, framing, BEPS, structural bias, legitimacy
How Can International Trade Law Discipline Nudging Through Ecolabels?
Authors: Budak Türkan Gülce
Published: April 2024

This essay focuses on government-administered voluntary ecolabels, which could act as a nudge by altering consumer preferences toward labelled products. Consequently, they de facto compel producers to join the ecolabel schemes familiar to local consumers or dominant in the individual market to avoid being disadvantaged vis-à-vis domestic producers. Given this background, nudging with ecolabels needs to be analysed mainly with respect to the national treatment principle under international trade law. This principle regulates voluntary ecolabels under Articles D and E of the TBT Agreement Annex 3 and Article III:4 of the GATT 1994. These articles ensure that products from any World Trade Organization (WTO) member are treated no less favourable than ‘like products’ of national origin. However, the ‘like products’ definition is unclear under these clauses. Within the scope of this paper, ‘likeness’ is defined as products in a close competitive relationship. This determination can primarily be made from the consumers’ perspective. The essay hence focuses on the de facto discrimination between domestic and imported products due to ecolabels. Following this, it argues that such discrimination does not violate the national treatment principle because ecolabels also affect the ‘like’ product analysis by altering consumer preferences.

Ecolabelling, Voluntary Ecolabels, Informational Regulation, Nudge, Nudging, International Trade Law, National Treatment Principle, De facto Discrimination, Likeness Analysis, Consumer Preferences
Discussions on National Integrity in Urdu Poetic Criticism- In Complete Books
Authors: Ahmar Dr. Naseem Abbas , Malik Dr. Abdul Aziz
Published: April 2024

Literature of any language reflects the culture and thinking style of its people; in poetry it becomes more expressive. So the literature plays a vital role in promoting national integrity. In poetic criticism, various books are written in order to discuss the national integrity as prominent feature in poetry. Gopi Chand Narang, Sahil Ahmad, Muzaffar Abbas, Mahmood-ul-Hassan, Syed Majawar Hussain etc. are the prominent critics in this context. This article analyses their contribution in dealing with the discussions about national integrity in Urdu poetic criticism.
An Analytical Study of the Main Characters in the Fictions of Allama Rashid ul Khairi
Authors: Shah Dr. Tahir Ali , Yousufzai Dr. Muhammad Altaf
Published: April 2024

Allama Rashid ul Khairi is considered to be a pioneer of Urdu short stories. His work is primarily centered on women's basic and social rights. He was a reformer who conveyed his thoughts and ideas in connection with Islamic teachings through his stories. Essentially, Rashid created various characters to challenge the behavior of a male-dominated society, including characters from feudal systems, the middle class, and the lower-middle class, all aimed at safeguarding women's rights in the early twentieth century in the Indian subcontinent. Main characters of the fictions of Rashid have been critically analyzed in this paper.
An overview of Ada Jafri’s Autobiography “Jo Rahi So Bekhabri Rahi”
Authors: Murtaza Mahnoor , Shad Dr Elizabeth
Published: April 2024

Ada Jafri is one of the greatest writers who presented the essence of her art in the form of poetry as well as in prose. She holds a special position amongst the pioneers of modern Urdu and is also called the first lady of poetry. Apart from poetry, she also experimented with an important genre of literature, Aap Beti (autobiography). In her autobiography, “Jo Rahi So Bekhabri Rahi” Ada Jafri has appeared in a different style. Through this autobiography, she has described the educational and social problems faced by women before the establishment of Pakistan, as well as the culture and civilization of that time. The purpose of this research article is to provide readers with historical, cultural and tourist information in the light of Ada Jafri’s autobiography and to highlight the importance of autobiography in literature.
Critical Review of Collections of Iqbal's Letters Compiled by Syed Muzaffar Hussain Barni
Authors: Iqbal Dr Amir , Awais Awan Dr Sabeena
Published: April 2024

The work of research and criticism demands honesty and sincerity. The ideas of a thinker are preserved by editing his literary works. Syed Muzaffar Hussain Barni compiled Iqbal's letters which are considered as an important literary achievement because such letters always help the researchers to know about the literary trends of a particular era as well as the style and diction of the writer. There are both positive and negative critical opinions on his work. Compiling these letters was not an easy task. The scope of Iqbal's letters is very wide. It was very difficult to get them together. Mr.  Barni completed this difficult compilation that made an easy access to Iqbal's letters. The work was lengthy, so there are some mistakes as well which have been identified. Barni's level of this effort builds new avenues of research and criticism. This has widened the scope of Iqbal Studies.
PINCÉIS E PRECES: INTEGRANDO ARTE E RELIGIOSIDADE NA CONSTRUÇÃO DE UM ENSINO HUMANIZADO
Authors: Aleixo Gilciema Batista , Franqueira Alberto da Silva , Santos Silvana Maria Aparecida Viana , Viana Silvanete Cristo
Published: April 2024

Este trabalho abordou o problema da integração entre arte e religiosidade no ambiente escolar, com o objetivo de investigar como a arte-educação pode servir como um veículo para o ensino religioso, promovendo uma pedagogia inclusiva que valoriza a expressão cultural e religiosa diversificada dos alunos. A metodologia adotada foi a revisão de literatura, por meio da qual se coletaram e analisaram dados de fontes acadêmicas relevantes para explorar as intersecções entre arte, educação e religião, destacando os benefícios e desafios dessa integração. Os resultados da análise indicaram que a arte como ferramenta pedagógica no ensino religioso potencializa o diálogo intercultural e a tolerância, além de enriquecer a experiência educativa ao permitir uma expressão pessoal e reflexiva sobre crenças e valores. Contudo, também se identificaram desafios, especialmente relacionados à formação de professores e à adaptação dos currículos para incorporar essas práticas de forma efetiva e respeitosa. As considerações finais destacaram a importância de políticas educacionais que apoiem a implementação de práticas educativas inovadoras e inclusivas, que considerem a diversidade cultural e religiosa dos alunos como um recurso para o aprendizado. Foi sugerido que futuras pesquisas poderiam focar na realização de estudos empíricos para medir os efeitos específicos das práticas artísticas integradas ao ensino religioso.
INCIDÊNCIA DE ENTEROPARASITOS DO GÊNERO Prosthenorchis EM PRIMATA-NÃO-HUMANO Saimiri Ustus (MACACO-DE-CHEIRO), NA REGIÃO PERIURBANA DE PORTO VELHO/RO: RELATO DE CASO
Authors: Pereira Samíria Bárbara Brito , Almeida Gisele  Balbino de , Reis Sabrina Saraiva dos , Miyata Juliana Assaio , Costa Vinícius Lins , Santos João Vitor Chaves dos , Messias Mariluce Rezende , Mesquita Elieth Afonso de
Published: April 2024

O estudo dos parasitos de vida selvagem é importante para a compreensão da fauna local e para o estudo da saúde da população, uma vez que alguns parasitos são de importância zoonótica e os animais silvestres são considerados potenciais hospedeiros e reservatórios de doenças parasitárias. O objetivo foi verificar a ocorrência de endoparasitos em macaco-de-cheiro (Saimiri ustus) de vida livre, utilizando métodos invasivos. As análises foram realizadas a partir da coleta de órgãos (estômago, fígado e intestinos) para visualização macroscópica de formas adultas e análise microscópica de de ovos a partir de exames coprológicos, utilizando técnicas de exames parasitológicos de fezes (EPF), métodos qualitativos e de baixo custo, como a técnica de Hoffman, Pons e Janer (1934) e de Willis (1921) visualizados em objetivas de 20x e 40x. A identificação por similaridade morfológica foi realizada com auxílio da literatura parasitológica veterinária. Através da observação pode se identificar ovos e a forma adulta pertencentes ao gênero Prosthenorchis e filiais associadas a nematóides da superfamília Filarioidea. Em Rondônia, as doenças zoonóticas de caráter assintomático representam um desafio significativo para a Saúde Pública, especialmente quando os primatas não humanos (PNHs) desempenham um papel crucial como reservatórios dessas doenças. Sua proximidade física em áreas urbanizadas e antropizadas aumenta substancialmente o risco de transmissão de doenças, fator que pode resultar em um aumento da incidência de doenças zoonóticas em populações humanas.
CONTABILIDADE GERENCIAL COMO CATALISADORA NA TOMADA DE DECISÃO EM MPES EXTRATIVISTAS DE GESSO
Authors: Crispim Gilberto , Ferreira Celma Duque , Ribeiro Francielen Alves
Published: April 2024

Sabendo-se que a contabilidade gerencial contribui significativamente para aprimorar o processo de gestão estratégica, incluindo planejamento, organização, direção e ações que visam atingir os objetivos com eficácia e eficiência, tem este estudo o objetivo de identificar como a gestão das PMEs no polo gesseiro e extrativista de Grajaú utiliza a contabilidade gerencial para tomada de decisão. O polo gesseiro de Grajaú, segundo maior do Brasil, é foco desta pesquisa, que empregou questionários e entrevistas com gestores e contadores das indústrias de gesso da região. Esta investigação é relevante devido à importância do polo gesseiro de Grajaú e da escassez de estudos sobre o tema. Os dados foram analisados por meio da estatística descritiva, com auxílio do software SPSS. Após análise, chegou-se à conclusão de que essas micro e pequenas indústrias extrativistas de gesso, não utilizam a contabilidade gerencial para tomada de decisão e não estão dispostas a pagar pelos serviços de contabilidade gerencial aos contadores terceirizados, mesmo sabendo das contribuições para controle e melhoria dos resultados operacionais. Assim como, de forma geral, não adotam algum tipo de custeio no processo produtivo e que os gestores não seguem o princípio da entidade, mesmo sendo orientados pelos contadores e agentes de instituições financeiras no ato de captação de empréstimos. As evidências apontadas neste estudo, podem servir como parâmetro para outras indústrias do segmento de extrativista de gesso (gipsita), bem como outros segmentos de empresas de pequeno porte, além de pesquisadores nas áreas de administração, contabilidade e economia.