bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Oxidant/Antioxidant Status, C-reactive Protein and Serum Leptin in Patients with Pulmonary Tuberculosis: Effect of Vitamin E Supplemention
Authors: Abdul-Jabbar Thanoon Imad , Abdulla Solaiman Eman
Published: January 2024

Objectives: To evaluate the effects of pulmonary Tuberculosis (TB) on markers of oxidative stress (malondialdehyde "MDA" and total antioxidant status "TAS"), high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and serum leptin and to compare the effects of standard intensive 2 months anti-TB therapy with the standard intensive anti-TB therapy plus vitamin E supplementation on the parameters. Methods: Two group of patients with active pulmonary TB from the Advisory Clinic for Chest and Respiratory Diseases in Mosul City were included in this study.Group one consistent of 38 patients and group two consistent of 28 patients, with forty healthy age and sex matched subjects as controls. Assessment of concentrations of MDA, TAS, hs- CRP and leptin were done for both patients and controls. After two months with either the traditional intensive therapy (isoniazid "INH" 75 mg, rifampicin 150mg, pyrazinamide 400mg and ethambutol 275mg ) 4 tablets as a single dose in the morning with vitamin B6 10mg daily or , the intensive traditional therapy plus vitamin E 400 IU/day as a supplementation therapy, the same parameters were reassessed for the patients. Body mass index(BMI) were calculated by using special equation.Results: After 2 months of either the traditional therapy or the traditional therapy plus vitamin E ,there was a significant reduction inMDA and hs-CRP with significant increase in TAS ,leptin serum levels and BMI in patients with pulmonary TB in comparison to pre-therapy stage and the percentage of variation shifted towards the beneficial effect of vitamin E add- on therapy group.Conclusion: Active pulmonary TB associated with oxidative stress and an increase in the levels of hs-CRP and both traditional therapy or the traditional therapy plus vitamin E resulted in a significant improvement in oxidative stress and cause suppression of inflammatory responses with the beneficial effects shifted towards the add-on of vitamin E as a supplementation therapy.
Efficacy of oral mefenamic acid in treatment of rash of Gianottiâ€“Crosti syndrome: A prospective noncontrolled case-series study
Authors: Abdul-Jaleel Usama
Published: January 2024

Background: Gianottiâ€“Crosti syndrome (GCS) is a characteristic cutaneous response to viral & non-viral infection mainly affecting children .No treatment appears to shorten the course of the disease which lasts 3-8 weeks .Mefenamic acid is NSAID which acts as competitive inhibitor of prostaglandin biosynthesis.

Objective: To assess the efficacy and safety of oral mefenamic acid 50 mg twice a day in the treatment of (GCS) for 10 daysMethods : In this prospective non-controlled case series study, 36 patients were identified as having Gianottiâ€“Crosti syndrome by dermatologist in Al-Diwanyia Teaching Hospital , from January 2012 to May 2013 and they have been treated with oral mefenamic acid 50 mg twice a day for 10 days.Results : 36 patients entered the current study. The mean age of the patients was 2 1.2 ( 1 - females and 17( 47.2 %) males. Complete clearance of the rash of GCS at all sites was seen in 33 patients ( 91.6 %) within 10 days of initiation of the therapy, leaving the the skin desquamation (P<0.05) .Two patients experienced no change in the rash until after 3 weeks it got resolution of the rash and one patient get his rash resolved after one month. None of the patients suffered adverse effects during the usage of t period of the follow-up.Conclusion : oral mefenamic acid seems to be effective in treatment of Gianottiâ€“Crosti syndrome
Extraction and Identification of A Flavonoid compound from Oak Plant(Quercus infectoria Oliv.) and study Of Its Antibacterial Activity, in vitro
Authors: A. Hussein Rajaa
Published: January 2024

A flavonoid compound was isolated from oak plant (Quercus infectoria oliv.) (Fagaceae) stem barks using ethanol alcohol as a solvent, the isolated compound was identified using conventional characterization methods, such as Thin Layer Chromatography(TLC),Ultraviolet-Visible (UV-Vis) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR), as well as, some biochemical assays using color reagents. Antibacterial activity of extracted flavonoid was carried out against two types of reference strains bacteria: which are Gram positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923) and Gram negative ( Escherichia coli ATCC 25923), the results shows that the extract of oak barks has good a antibacterial growth activity in which gram positive bacteria are more susceptible to the oaks extract than Gram negative (31 mm and 19mm, respectively).
Methotrixate for nonsurgical management of ectopic pregnancy
Authors: Kh. Jawad Ariana
Published: January 2024

Systemic Methotrexate has been widely used to treat ectopic pregnancy.The aim of current study were to evaluate the safety and efficacy of single dose intramuscular methotrexate as a treatment option for early unruptured ectopic pregnancies. From 1st of January 2007 to 1st of January 2009 at Maternity teaching Hospital-Erbil, a case cohort prospective study was conducted on 60 patients with small unruptured ectopic pregnancies treated as in-patients with single dose of Methotrexate therapy.

Ectopic pregnancy was diagnosed by both transvaginal ultrasound for the size and volume of the gestational mass and Î²- HCG measurement. Intramuscular methotrexate 50 mg/m2 was administered on days 1 and Serial ÃŸ-hcg was repeated on days 4 and 7, If the Î²-HCG on day 7was at least 15% lower than that on day 4, the patient was regarded as treatment success, and Followup serum ÃŸ-HCG was performed weekly until become negative ( value of <15 mIU/ml). while additional doses(second dose) of methotrexate were given on day 7 If the ÃŸ-HCG level on day 7 was the same or higher or less than 15% lower than that on day 4. The success rate of systemic methotrexate (single dose) was 75%(n 45), 25%(n=15) exposed to 2 or more doses of methotrexate ,16.6%(n=10) of patients exposed to multidose methotrexate respond to treatment, remain only 8.3%(n=5) not respond to multidose treatment they were treated surgically ,in which 2 cases of them operation done for them on their request after one dose of methotrexate, and other 3 cases were failed to respond to medical treatment after receiving 3 dose of methotrexate. The over all success rate of treatment in our study(medical treatment) was 91%(n=55).Success rate was higher in patients whom with Î²-HCG was â‰¤ 1500 mIU .Treatment was well-tolerated; most side effects were reported as mild and transient. All cases respond to methotrexate reported satisfaction with this regimen. Within two years follow up visit 38 cases become pregnant , 2 of them developed recurrent ectopic pregnancy.
Post-appendectomy Infected Wounds and Ideal Management A Retrospective Study
Authors: M. Al-Mukhtar Mahmoud
Published: January 2024

Background :Abdominal operations are traditionally classified into elective and emergency procedures both of which may be complicated by postoperative wound infections. Although postoperative wound infection is usually infrequent following elective procedures, it is an anticipated and acceptable complication of emergency surgeries as these operations are usually of a contaminated nature with no standard preoperative preparation associated with an urge to operate.Objectives :This study tries to compare the results of a two adopted regimes to manage post-appendectomy wound infections in regard to the significance of using parenteral antibiotics.

Methods : This study had evaluated (108) patients with clinical postoperatively wound infections over a period of (3) years in Al-Hilla General Teaching Hospital. All cases with normal appendices and those on preoperative antibiotics therapy for any reason had been excluded from the study. Two treatment regimes had been evaluated : Regime (A) consisting of changing antiseptic wound dressings only while Regime (B) consisted of changing antiseptic wound dressings combined with parenteral administration of intravenous metronidazole (500) mg thrice daily with intravenous cefotaxime (1000) mg twice daily. The study group had been allocated to a randomized single-blind trial to assess the outcomes. Patients were followedâ€“ up to an average of (50) days.Results :There is a beneficial effects of adopting Regime (B) in the management of infected wounds following perforated appendectomies in terms of reducing the number of dressings change and the period of inpatients hospitalization . This was not the case with infected wounds following nonperforatedappendectomies.Conclusion : According to the literature reviewed, in order to prevent or reduce the rate of post-appendectomy infected wounds it is recommended to use preoperative prophylactic antibiotics which is not a routine in our practice.Wound irrigation with antiseptics may be beneficial in prevention of wound infection following complicated appendectomy. Regime (B) of treatment should be reserved for infected wounds following complicated appendectomy.
Antibacterial susceptibility patterns of Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates from vaginitis cases of pregnant women in Baghdad city
Authors: Sh. Jebur Mohammed , Atyia Hammoudi Abbas
Published: January 2024

There are large numbers of microorganisms, the vast majority of which are bacterial species, are known to colonize and form complex communities, or microbiota, at various sites within and on the human body. Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is the most prevalent lower genital tract infection in women of reproductive age throughout the world. The purpose of this study was to detect Klebsiella pneumoniae bacterium as a causative agent of bacterial vaginosis of pregnant women and its antibacterial pattern in Baghdad city. A cross sectional study to assess the incidence and the antibacterial susceptibility patterns of Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates in pregnant women who were presented at many hospitals of Obstetrics and Gynecology in Baghdad city during 2012. A total of 450 vaginal swabs from pregnant women (in first three months of pregnancy) with history of fever, vaginal discharge and other clinical symptoms were investigated , by using different bacterial cultures to identified and diagnose the bacterial isolates. The frequency of 128 bacterial isolates were diagnosed Staphylococcus epidermidis 50 (39.06%), Escherichia coli 29 (22.6%), Klebsiella pneumoniae19 (14.8%), Streptococcus spp.14 (10.9%), Lactobacillus spp.8 (6.2%), Citrobacter freundii 6 (4.6%), and Serratia spp.2 (1.5%). The antibacterial susceptibility patterns of Klebsiella pneumoniae only Ciprofloxacin showed 100% sensitivity in-vitro. While Clarithromycin, Amoxicillin, Pipracin, Streptomycin, Trimethoprim, Cefotaxime, Azitreonam, Augmentin and Gentamicin showed varied sensitivity / resistance responses. These findings suggest an increasing of resistance to the antibacterial agents that commonly used for vaginitis and the rate at which bacteria become resistant to antibacterial agents are of public health concern. This calls for routine bacteriological culture and sensitivity test in the management of bacterial vaginitis. Further, the provisions of adequate health care that keeping the women vagina healthy and maintain human public health.
Atimicrobial Bioactive Compound Isolated From Cyanobacterium Nostoc linkia
Authors: M. Athbi Ahmed
Published: January 2024

Bioactive chemical compound A1 was extracted, purified and identified from the algal culture of Nostoc linkia isolated from Basra Rivers in southern Iraq. The identification of the compound by using GC-mass was confronted. Solubility, toxicity, purity and the chemical formula and molecular weight of A1 compound were determined. The antimicrobial bioactivity of the purified compound against the bacterial strains Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus and the dermatophytic fungus Candida albicans was tested by using a disk diffusion agar method. The Minimal Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) was also performed. The compound A1 has shown a broader activity spectrum against all the test organisms.
Pre valence of Genital Mycoplasma, Mycoplasma hominis and Ureaplasma urealyticum in Women in Al-Qadisiya Province. A New Record
Authors: S. Naher Habeeb , H. Al-Hamadini Adnan , Habeeb Said Ibtisam
Published: January 2024

Seven hundred and thirty five samples included endocervical, high vaginal, urethral and urine, were collected from married 530/735 (72.1%) and unmarried women 205/735 (27.9%) who admitted to Al-Diwaniya Maternity and Pediatric Teaching Hospital, Al-Diwaniya Teaching Hospital, and private clinics in Al-Qadisyia province, through a period of twelve months (from April 2011 to April 2012) in an attempt to isolate these bacteria. Through the study two types of media were used for cultivation of the genital Mycoplasma. The incidence rate of genitourinary infection caused by U.urealyticum was significantly higher (79.4%) while the incidence caused by M.hominis which a The main goal of this study was to detect and isolate the M.hominis and U.urealyticum from genitourinary tract of women Al-Diwaniya city. ccounted (20.6%).
Effects of metformin, glyburide and their combination on lipid profile in NIDDM patients
Authors: H. Hashim Reyadh
Published: January 2024

Background and Objectives: DM plays an important role in the endothelial dysfunction and vascular complications like dyslipidemia and atherosclerosis., It is important now a day to evaluate the dyslipidemic effects of oral hypoglycemic drugs in addition to blood glucose lowering effects, since this may provides a better treatment approach and participates in the prevention of complications of DM.Patients and Methods :We studied the dyslipidemic effects of glyburide, metformin, and their combination on (111) NIDDM patients aged from 39 â€“ 58 years, treated for two years with different treatment lines and compared the results with healthy controls. Serum (TC-C), (TG-C),(HDL-C),(VLDL-C), and (LDL-C) levels were estimated as a marker of dyslipidemia in the serum utilizing lipid profile kit.

Results: Serum TC-C, TG-C, LDL-C, and VLDL-C levels significantly reduced and serum HDL-C levels significantly elevated in patients used metformin alone and glyburide / metformin combination therapy so, maintained serum lipid profiles at levels closer to that of controls, while patients used glyburide as monotherapy significantly increased serum TG-C, TC-C, VLDL-C, and LDL-C levels and significantly decreased serum HDL-C levels in comparison to control group.Conclusion: Metformin / glyburide combination therapy and metformin monotherapy provide better protection against dyslipidemia associated with NIDDM patients than glyburide used alone, and hence better prevention of complications like atherosclerosis.
Emergence of plasmid mediated aac(6Â´)-Ib-cr Gene in Flouroquinolon- resistant Acinetobacter spp
Authors: H. Al-Hamadani Adnan , M. Al-Mohana Ali , S. Al-Khazaali Ali
Published: January 2024

This study aimed to detection of plasmid mediated aac(6Â´)-Ib-cr gene in fluoroquinolon resistant Acinetobacter spp. A total of 154 clinical and inanimated samples were collected from inpatients and medical devices from different units in Al-Dewaniyah Teaching Hospital during a period of five months from November 2011 to March 2012. Sources of specimens were ICU (n= 85), burn unit (n=43) and urine from inpatients suspected with UTI (n=26). Totally, 16(10.3) Acinetobacter spp. were obtained. Identification of Acinetobacter isolates to species level was done by VITEK 2 compact system, results showed that the vast majority of isolates belong to A. calcoaceticus A. baumannii complex (15, 93.8%) while only one isolate (6.3%) was belong to species A. lowffii. All of the 16 Acinetobacter spp. isolates were testwd to susceptibility against 20 antibiotics by VITEK 2 system with GN-AST23 cassettes.Result showed that all of isolates were resistant to at least three classes ofantibiotics.

Isolates showed high resistance rates to first-, second-, third- and fourth generation cephalosporin, aminoglycosides and nitrofurantoin. Results revealed that 11 isolates were fluoroquinolon resistant. DNA of the fluoroquinolon resistant isolates was extracted and used in PCR assay. Results showed that 4(32.3%) isolates were harboring aac(6Â´)-Ib-cr gene.
Assessment of RBCs membrane protective activity of citicoline and eicosapentanoic- decosahexanoic acid in osmotic fragility model
Authors: Abd-Al Wahhab Iman , Nory Gany Sarmad , Abdul Kadhim Hussein
Published: January 2024

Different organic compounds possess a good membranes stabilizing effects that protect cells like erythrocytes from strains exerted by change in medium osmolarity . These changes in tonicity could predispose RBCs for hemolysis . This disorder could be assessed by osmotic fragility test . From those compounds that widen osmotic fragility test values are citicoline (membrane phospholipids precursor) and polyunsaturated fatty acids EPA-DHA. Assessment of these compounds on osmotic fragility test revealed that both of citicoline and EPA-DHA will protect RBCs from hemolysis for a wider range than values of the control blank. Although these effects were statistically not significant on considering statistical correlation test, however, the differences were important on considering t test for the range of saline concentration between 0.4-0.5 at P<0.05 . From the overall results, both citicoline and pufa induced a significant change in statbility of RBCs membrane upon exposure of osmotic effects in the saline concentration between 0.4-0.5. Further evaluation of citicoline and EPA- DHA effects may be necessary before recommending the use these compounds in protection against hemolytic diseases.
Students` Self-Assessment in Pediatrics in Al-Qadisiah University School of Medicine
Authors: N Al-Hajjiah Nasma , M Al-Shamsi Mohammed , L-Zamili Sabah
Published: January 2024

Objective: student self-evaluation is an important component of clinical education and also of a comprehensive clinical evaluation system. Our aim was to determine the reliability in the evaluation system in our college.Methods: The study included 72 final year medical students in the academic year 2010-2011. The students were asked to freely evaluate their selves in the final theory, traditional long case and OSCE in pediatrics by putting a score representing their performance in these exams. The students self-rating was compared with the actual scores these students obtained.Results: There was a significant correlation between students self-rating and the actual students scores in the final exam in pediatrics.Conclusion: In the presence of a consensus among departments on the level of knowledge and skills that need to be mastered by students during undergraduate medical education, and the implementation of active training program ; students self evaluation could be used as an additional method of students evaluation and assessment.
Study the infection with intestinal parasites (Entamoeba histolytica) and its effect on the blood nature in children from Thi-Qar province
Authors: T. Daoud Yahya , M. Dakhil Khalid , Daaj Khalaf Al-Mozan Hanaa
Published: January 2024

The present study has included collection of 1001 fecal samples of children aged seven years and less than that age . 333 blood samples have been collected for the children that proved their infection by intestinal parasites from samples of study and 100 blood sample from non - infected who visited different hospitals in Thi â€“ Qar Provence during the period from the first of October 2010 to the end of July 2011 to study the rate of intestinal parasites infection and their impact on certain criteria bloody . The fecal samples have been examined by two methods are: direct smear using Normal Saline and Lugol,s Iodine and indirect with flotation by using Zinc Sulfate water ZnSO4. 7H2O . The results have showed that percentage of infected children with parasites was % 33.3 . Entamoeba histolytica formed high percentage % 30 . Significant differences by using (T-test) in level P< 0.05 become clear when studying effect type of infection and type of parasite on some criteria bloody such as Packed Cell Volume PCV , Hemoglobin Hb, White Blood Cell WBC and Number of eosinophile. E. histolytica formed high percentage therefore we decided to highlight on the impact of that parasite in red blood cells and the concentration of antibodies formed against it , but the statistical analysis did not find any significant differences in the criteria for red blood cells between infected and not infected with this parasite, as well as the concentration of IgG while we found IgM concentration difference in patients compared to non-infected.
Isolation of Some Bacteria from Chronic Otitis Media
Authors: Kgeer Jreemich Samira
Published: January 2024

Chronic Otitis media is a very common disease in people of Diwania due to several factors , microbiological , envirnmental and social . Swab samples and data were collected from private surgeries of specialized doctors ( ENT ) . 75 samples were collected , 51 cases were positive ( 68%) and 24 cases were negative ( 32%). Number and percent of infected males 28 ( 54.9%) , while number and percent of infected females 23 ( 45.1%) . The main results showed high percents of infection were in ages between 20-29 years old and 30-39 years old( 31.4 % and 25.5% ) respectively . Six types of bacteria were isolated from the patients , two of them were gram positive ( Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogens ) while gram negative were four ( Pseudomonas aeruginosa , Proteus vulgaris , E. coli and Enterobacter cloacae ) .The highest percent of gram positive was S. aureus 90.5% , and the highest percent of gram negative was P.aeruginosa 56.6% ) .Sensitivity test was done to know the best antibiotic can be used as treatment for otitis media . The most effective antibiotics for most causative agents were cefotaxin , co-trimaxozole , gentamycin , tetracycline.
Efficacy of combined metformin- letrozole in comparison with metformin-laparoscopic ovarian diathermy in ovulation induction and reproductive outcome for women with clomiphene citrate resistant polycystic ovary syndrome
Authors: Hamza Sharif AL-Shibany Yasamin
Published: January 2024

Background and objective: polycystic ovary syndrome(PCOS) is a common cause of infertility and is associated with chronic anovulation and hyperandrogenism.The aim of current study is to compare the effect of combined letrozole metformine to that of metformin-laparoscopic ovarian drilling (LOD) for ovulation induction in patients with PCOS.Materials and Methods: on the whole 138 ovarian cycles were studied in 60 patients with clomiphene citrate resistant PCOS in AL-Diwaniyah Maternity and Pediatrics Teaching Hospital during the period of June 2112-June 2114. All patients (n=60) received metformin 500mg /3times per day ,group A(n=30)received letrozole 5mg daily for 5 days repeated for 6 cycles, group B(n=30) underwent LOD and followed for six cycles. Outcome measures were ovulation rates, endometrialthickness, pregnancyrates, live birth rates and miscarriage rate.Results: ovulation rate was higher in group A than group B(63.33% versus 30.0%),a significant increase in endometrial thickness in group A than group B(9.9mm versus 9.03 mm).Live birth rate was higher in group A 83.33% compared to 33.33% in group B. There were no significant differences regarding miscarriage rates between both groups. No multiple pregnancy or ovarian hyper stimulation syndrome or congenital abnormality among live births were reported.Conclusions: Combinedletrozolemetformin seems to be a suitable second line ovulation inducing alternative to LOD in women with PCOS who do not respondwith clomiphene citrate.
Estimation of Ceraluplasmin (CER) and Alpha- 1 Antitrypsin (AAT) levels among hepatitis patients in acute and chronic state
Authors: M.K. Aljebory Abdul Hussien , Abdulhussien Mussa Talib , Hamaad M. Raheem Tuama Shakir
Published: January 2024

Hepatitis Viruses are a common cause of viral hepatitis, it has a wide distribution among peoples, it has more than five common types: Hepatitis A, B, C, D, E. The level of Ceraluplasmin and alpha- 1 antitrypsin differences in acute and chronic hepatitis, it may be normal or mild increased in acute hepatitis while is decreased in chronic hepatitis patients. And the aim of this study to find out the relationship between the frequency of hepatitis and the concentration of immunochemical protein (such as Ceraluplasmin and Alpha -1 antitrypsin) present in patients during the acute and chronic periods of hepatitis infections. The total number of 36 patients with hepatitis (B) and 30 patients with hepatitis (C) viral infection with an age range (22- 55 years) were enrolled in this study. Patients who had liver cirrhosis was excluded from this study. With a total number of 24 age matched apparently healthy control group was taken to be compared with case studies. Assessment of serum levels of Ceraluplasmin and Î±-1 Antitrypsin were done by the Single Radial Immunodiffusion Assay to both case study and control group in Babylon public health laboratory from June to September 2007. The our result shows no significant (N.S) increased in level of up-1 Antitrypsin among acute patient in both types (B and C) While there is a highly significant (H.S.) result for chronic patients also in both types (B and C). Ceraluplasmin level show (N.S.) decreased among acute patient while there decreases ( H.S. ) In both groups of patients (B and C) after compared with a control sample. This result with agreement with many universal results.
Rubber band ligation of hemorrhoids
Authors: Abd Ali Huoeil Basheer , Abed Mhawese Ali , Abd Al hamzaBorhan Sheimaa
Published: January 2024

Haemorrhoids constitute a frequent clinical problem. A variety of conservative treatment options have been proposed, the majority of which can be safely performed on an outpatient basis, like the rubber band ligation RBL which is selected in this study . The aim of the study is to prove the possibility and benefit of the procedure as a treatment for the first In this study we review the management of 100 patient (70 male and 30 female) with different degree of hemorrhoids, and the age range from 20-75 year most of them at 30-50 year old, underwent rubber band ligation(RBL) on outpatient clinic(private clinic) during period of 19 month from December 2006 to jully2008. 90 patient(90%) did well and 10 patient(10%) did not feel better two of them (2%) did open hemorrhoidectomywhile8 patient(8%) kept on conservative measures. The RBL is reliable and safe outdoor procedure for the first, second and third degree hemorrhoids.
Proline Mesh (Patch And Plug) Repair Of Inguinal Hernia Under General Versus Local Anaesthesia : Early And Long-Term Outcomes
Authors: Kadhim Al-Dhahiry Jawad
Published: January 2024

Background: There is minimal data regarding the feasibility of Proline (patch and plug) inguinal hernia repair under local anaesthesia and patient acceptability.This study compares outcomes of Proline ( patch and plug) inguinal hernia repair under local anaesthesia versus general anaesthsia . Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted in Department of Surgery,Al-Karama Teaching Hospital,Medical college/Wasit University,Iraq ,from 1st Faruary 2008 to 30th June 2012 and included 124 male patients. Follow-up period ranged from 6 months to 53 months .Study Design: The study design was a prospective study.Methods: This is a prospective study ,included 124 male patients(female patients were not included in this study ) with inguinal hernias that were repaired with Proline (patch and plug) over a 4.5 year period. The outcome (parameters) measures were, the type of anaesthesia used, early and late postoperative complications, and the patient satisfaction. Results: One hundred twenty four inguinal proline mesh hernioplasties were analyzed. Eighty two hernioplasties were performed under local anaesthesia (group A) and fourty two were performed under general anaesthesia (Group B). Patients with a body mass index >30 were 17 (14%) of group A and 8 (6%) of group B, respectively, (p = 0.7). Day cases were higher in the local-anaesthesia group (75 days vs. 16 days, p = 0.001). Early complications were similar in the two groups. 18 (26%) patients in the local anaesthesia and 6 (19%) in the general anaesthesia developed chronic groin pain (p = 0.6). One recurrence was noted in the local anaesthesia group. Patient satisfaction was high with both anaesthetic techniques. Conclusions: Proline (patch and plug) inguinal hernia repair under local anaesthesia resulted in increased day cases with similar complication rate when compared to general anaesthesia. Both anaesthetic techniques were associated with good outcomes and excellent patient satisfaction.
The Apparent Death In Electrocution
Authors: Mohammad Kadhim Thamer
Published: January 2024

Background: Electrical injuries, though uncommon and largely preventable ,they usually have serious consequences including death .Objectives: To study the pattern of electric injuries, and recognize the factors that increase their mortality so that we can reduce it .Materials & Methods :A retrospective study of sever electrically injured cases in Babil Governorate during a period of 15 months, from January 2006 to March 2007 (included) was carried out. From the records of the burn wards of Hilla Teaching General Hospital and the autopsy records of Forensic Pathology Department of Babil Health Directorate, sever electrically injured victims were retrospectively studied according to the type of electric injury, the voltage, associated secondary traumatic injury and whether it is work related or not. .The age ,sex , location of entry and/or exit of the electric current and the emergency resuscitative measures applied in the Emergency Departments (EDs)were considered.Results:. The total number of electrically injured victims ( both hospitalized and non hospitalized ) were 33, 30(90.9%) cases due to contact with low voltage, 2(6.7%) due to high voltage and 1 (3.3%) due to lightning strike. Out of 28 cases for whom cardiopulmonary resuscitation was indicated, only in 14(50%) cases ,its application was recorded in the cards of Emergency Departments .Conclusions: The mortality rate following electrocution ,in Babil, was 93.93% which is too high in comparison with the international studies rate of 3-15%
Preliminary report on the Burn in Pre-School Children in the Specialized Burn Hospital
Authors: Waleed Tawfeeq Tawfeeq , Miri Saadoon Ahmed
Published: January 2024

Back ground: A retrospective preliminary study was undertaken to estimate the most common causes of Burn in infantile and pre-school children.Patients and method: children aged between 1 to 5 years were included in this study who had admitted in burn specialized center in Baghdad from September 2010 to June 2011, reviewed by their age, sex, time of presentation, causes and mechanism of burn injury.Result: scald burn is the most common cause of burn in children bellow five years of age (19 cases), male patient more predominance in this age group (66.7%), the age distribution , 1,2,3,4,5 years was 1,7,12,5,2 cases respectively
Co-infection intestinal fungi and protozoa inimmunocompromised patients with detection of some virulence factors of these organisms by using Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)
Authors: Abbes AL-Khalidy Baheja , Naji AL-Shimari Ma,ani , Ghafil Abbas Abbas
Published: January 2024

In this study was undertaken to detect some virulence factors to co-infection of intestinal fungi (Candida albicans, Aspergillus fumigates) and parasite (Giardia lambelia, Entameba histolytica) in immunocompromised patients by polymerase chain reaction(PCR)technique.About, 100 specimens of stool were collected from three groups of patients included malignant tumor (35), , renal failure (50) and HIV (15) during period 5 November 2012 to 15 May2013.The results of this study showed the highest rate infection(66.66%) was in HIV while lowest rate (57.14%) were in malignant tumor patients .So the highest rate were recorded in age group (60-75),then male recorded rate infection(69.04%) while in female (53.44) but statically no significant difference between two groups.Candida albicans recorded highest rate prevalence recorded to (41%) followed by Aspergillus fumigates (34%) and Giardia lambelia (53%) while Entameba histolytica (46%). According to the results of molecular test showed Candida albicans contain asp gene in (350 bp) sequence and Aspergillus fumigatus contain Gliotoxin gene in (550bp) sequence. So Giardia lambelia contain Cystine Rich Protein CRP65gene in (460 bp) sequence and Entameba histolytica contain Lectin(hg13) gene ( 900 bp) The results of this study showed the yeast and fungi appeared high resistant to antifungal which used in this study except Amphotericn B which were sensitive to it by rate (80%).
Circulating microRNA-182 overexpression as a biomarker for breast cancer
Authors: Mohammed AL-Temimi Shoroq
Published: January 2024

Background:- MiR-182 is one of the most frequently studied cancer-related gene miRs and plays a crucial role in tumorigenesis , progression and may become a potential therapeutic target and biomarker of tumor diagnosis and prognosis.Aim of study:-Estimation of miR-182 gene expression levels in both fresh tissues and serum of same breast cancer patients by using stem-loop follow by Taq-Man real time PCR (RT-PCR) technique and correlate the miR-182 gene expression with ER,PR and Her-2 by IHC technique .Material and methods:- Stem-loop RT-PCR was performed to identify the level of miR-182 gene expression in both fresh tissues and serum of same breast cancer patients . The expression levels of miR-182 relative to mRNA of GAPDH were determined using the livak method . IHC were done for ER,PR and HER-2 .Results:- Mean fold change of miR-182 was statistical significantly higher in breast cancer from paraneoplastic tissues , mean fold change of miR-182 was statistical significantly higher in serum of patients from apparently healthy control and miRâ€‘182 serum level of patients with ER,PR positive was statistical significantly lower compared with the negative patients.Conclusion:- The miRâ€‘182 as a new original diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for breast cancer .
Role of antioxidant therapy and cessation of smoking in treatment of infertile men
Authors: Mahdi Ali Al-khafaji Falah
Published: January 2024

Aim: To assess role of antioxidant therapy and cessation of smoking in infertile men .Patients and Methods: This study was conducted at infertility unit at Al- Diwaniya gynecological hospital and private clinic from February 2012 to November 2013. Total number of patients was taken in study were 152. Thirty-five patients were secondarily infertile while 117 patients were primarily infertile. Range of duration of marriage was 1-8 years. Each man smoked from 15-40 cigarette per day for 2-15 years. The study was include patients presented with various seminal fluid analytic pictures (oligospermia, teratospermia, asthenospermia, OAT syndrome). Ninety patients were treated by antioxidants without cessation of smoking and 62 patients were treated by antioxidants with cessation of smoking.Results: Regarding 27 asthenospermic ceased smoking patients (mean motility percentage before treatment is 16.4 and mean motility percentage after treatment is 30.1), 53 asthenospermic non ceased smoking patients (mean motility percentage before treatment is 15.3 and mean motility percentage after treatment is 31), 23 oligospermic ceased smoking patients (mean count per million before treatment is 6.3 and mean count per million after treatment is 15.2), 33 oligospermic non ceased smoking patients ( mean count per million is 6.4 and mean count per million after treatment is 9.2). regarding 5 teretospermic ceased smoking patients ( mean percentage of abnormal morphology before treatment is 1.8 and mean percentage of abnormal morphology after treatment is 12.4) and 11 teretospermic non ceased smoking patients(mean percentage of abnormal morphology before treatment is 1.7 and mean percentage of abnormal morphology after treatment is 5.6).Conclusion: use of antioxidant and cessation of smoking in selected patients (normal serum hormones ) gives good improvement regarding motility and count of sperms
Detection of mec A gene in Staphylococcus aureus from Osteomyelitis infections
Authors: Faisal Kokaz Osamah
Published: January 2024

Background: Staphylococcus aureus is a major pathogen that associated with serious community acquired and nosocomial diseases. In view of the present problem the study aimed to isolation of S. aureus within osteomyelitis samples and amplified the mecA gene of some antibiotic resistant isolates.Methodology: S. aureus were isolated from osteomyelitis and all isolates screened for antibiotic susceptibility test to detection of mecA gene.Results: 29 swabs were taken from both sex patients related to Al- Sammawa Teaching hospital at period from September 2013 to march 2014. Only 14(48.27%) patients had S. aureus and 19 isolates yielded from all samples. These isolates showed pronounced resistance for a group of active antibiotics. Five isolates have full (100%) resistance to oxacillin, penicillin and cefoxitin so considered as Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Genetic identification showed that five S. aureus isolates have mec A gene in their genome.Conclusion: This study highlights the presence osteomyelitis infection in both sex with little incidence. S. aureus one of the important pathogens that have resistance to many antibiotics due to mecA gene.
Efficacy of modified midurethral minisling in stress urinary incontinence patients in Al-Diwaniya teaching hospital
Authors: Ali Al-khafaji Falah Mahdi
Published: January 2024

Aim: to evaluate the efficacy of using modified midurethral minisling in women with SUI in Al-Diwaniya teaching hospital.

Patients and methods: 22 women underwent minisling were diagnosed as pure SUI.

Results: mean parity was 4.1, mean duration of symptoms was 28.8 months, mean length of operation was 65 minutes, mean length of hospital stay was 8 hours, mean cost was 195.000 ID, postoperatively ; one case with urine retention, no bladder injury , no vaginal or urethral erosion, no De novo urgency. Three failed cases(recurrent) assessed subjectively(history and examination) and objectively (Urodynamic testing).

Conclusion: efficacy of modified midurethral minisling is comparable to TVT-TOT with lower cost.

Aim: to evaluate the efficacy of using modified midurethral minisling in women with SUI in Al-Diwaniya teaching hospital.

Patients and methods: 22 women underwent minisling were diagnosed as pure SUI.

Results: mean parity was 4.1, mean duration of symptoms was 28.8 months, mean length of operation was 65 minutes, mean length of hospital stay was 8 hours, mean cost was 195.000 ID, postoperatively ; one case with urine retention, no bladder injury , no vaginal or urethral erosion, no De novo urgency. Three failed cases(recurrent) assessed subjectively(history and examination) and objectively (Urodynamic testing).

Conclusion: efficacy of modified midurethral minisling is comparable to TVT-TOT with lower cost.
Assessment of Knowledge, Attitude and Practice in a sample of Iraqi type 2 diabetic patients
Authors: Quraish Kareem Abbas Saied , F. Al-Tukmagi Haydar , F. AL-Auqbi Tawfeeq
Published: January 2024

Background:  knowledge; attitude and practice backgrounds affect much the outcome of diabetes. Non-compliance imposes a considerable health care and financial burden on the health system.

Objectives: To assess the knowledge, attitude and practice background of type 2 diabetes Iraqi patients toward their disease by using the Knowledge, Attitude and Practice (KAP) questionnaire.

Results: Mean knowledge score was 6.48+2.66, attitude score was 5.28+2.07 and practice score was 4.62+1.49. males showed significantly higher KAP scores than females (P<0.001). Patients with higher significant education had the highest knowlegde score in comparison with those with  secondary eduction; the difference was statistically highly significant (P<0.001). Patients  living in urban areas showed significantly higher mean score than those living in rural areas (P<0.001). Patients who had jobs experienced a significantly higher knowledge score than those without job (P<0.001). Smoker patients had significantly higher KAP scores than non-smoker patients (P<0.001).

Conclusion: The study concluded that low/ moderate knowledge, attitude and practice of diabetes among the diabetic patients, which need more effort and role to be played by clinical pharmacist to fulfill this gap.
Arteriovenous Fistula In End Stage Renal Disease With Modified Technique
Authors: Kadum kredi Usama , Hussein Attar Mudher
Published: January 2024

Background   brachiocephalic fistula is a best choice for long term hemodialysis as a vascular access  comparing with central venous catheter & arterio venous graft .

Aim: aim of this study is to increase successful rate of brachiocephalic fistula.

Methods: In this study patients divided as controlled group (75 patients) which operated on with classical technique & studded group (225 patients) which operated on with modified technique I e (cut a patch from arterial wall,  ligation of distal & deep tributaries , us of heparin , avoid hypotension &keep upper limb extended & supinated.       

Results: Overall successful e rate was 90,4%  which represent as 84% in controlled group & 92,5% in studded group .

         Although DM represent 61% of patients & hypertension represent 56,5% of patients the failure rate was more in patients with HT (72%)  & (55,1) in patients with DM.

Conclusion: Modified technique for arteriovenous fistula  should be used in all patients with DM,HT & CTD to increase successful rate .
Depression InType2 Diabetic Patients In Al-Diwaniyah Teaching Hospital
Authors: Raheem Hassan Aqeel , Mohammad AL Khafaji Abdul Zahra , Hammadi Adil
Published: January 2024

Objectives: Depression is commonly found as a comorbid condition in chronic medical illnesses in general, and diabetes mellitus (DM) in particular. Patients with diabetes are twice as likely to suffer from depression as compared to the general population. The aims of the study were to estimate: the prevalence of depression in type 2diabetic patients and its severity, the rate of depression in type 2 diabetes in relation to socio-demographic variables, and to find out the correlation of depression with some diabetes variablesMethods:100 Iraqi patients with type 2 DM compared with 100 persons from general population as control group participated in across sectional study. Participants were interviewed using: a semi-structured interview schedule based on ICD-10, diagnostic criteria for depression ,Beck depression inventory II for severity of depression and socio demographic questionnaire.Results: The prevalence rate of depression in type 2 diabetes was 44%. The rate of depression was higher for females, married, housewife ,those of secondary level education, in age group(50-59),those of poor glycemic control, with long duration of diabetes, in patients on insulin and those with cardiovascular complication.Conclusions: Depression is more common in type2 diabetic patients than in normal individuals. This will necessitate the need for more attention and screening for such conditions, which plays a role in the patients state physically and mentally.Keywords: Depression, Type 2 diabetes mellitus.
The Role of Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase Nonreceptor Type 22 Gene polymorphism in Patients With Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus.
Authors: M. Khadhim Manal , N. AL-Hajia Nasma , H. Khleif Fadhil
Published: January 2024

Background: Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is an autoimmune multifactorial disease characterized by progressive destruction of pancreatic beta cells by genetic and environmental factors which leads to an absolute dependence of insulin for survival and maintenance of health. Materials and methods: One polymorphic sites of PTPN22 gene was genotyped in 64 patients with T1DM, and 25 healthy controls. Genotypes were determined by the polymerase chain restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method. Results: The single nucleotide polymorphisms T/T, of the PTPN22 gene may be participate in the susceptibility of T1DM in the Iraqi population. Conclusion: Although PTPN22-T/T polymorphism not associated with T1DM in many population, our study confirmed significant correlation between PTPN22 and T1DM.
Evaluation of Urethral advancement and Glanuloplasty in Hypospadias repair
Authors: Sabah Abboud Allawi Bahr
Published: January 2024

Background:There has been great progress in reconstructive surgery of the male urethra in the last decades. Several complex techniques were developed to correct urethral defects with great variations in the success rate. However, there is no an ideal substitute for the male urethra as good as the urethra to our knowledge at this time .Human male urethra has a large capacity to extend under traction. This extensibility is the principle of urethral advancement technique used to correct urethral defect in hypospadias by using the urethra itself.The objective of this study was to evaluate the urethral advancement and glanuloplasty (UGPI) procedure in hypospadias repair.During a period of 1 year, 20 boys ranging between 2-16 years old underwent repair of glanular to midshaft hypospadias by UGPI procedure. At or near the tip meatus was accomplished in 75% of the patients, with 85% adequate meatal size, 85% straight penis and 70% of conical glans shape. While the complications were 15% meatal stenosis (MS), 25% meatal retraction (MR), 5% fistula , 35% bleeding and haematoma, 10% for cellulites and UTI (infection), 20% wound dehiscence, and 10% abnormal urine stream.Adequate mobilization of the urethra for advancement decreases the incidences of complications of MR and MS.The lower incidence of fistula in UGPI procedure support the sentence of "There is no an ideal substitute for the male urethra as good as the urethra".
Prevalence of Plasmid-Mediated Quinolone Resistance Genes (qnr) in Clinical Isolates of K. pneumoniae in Najaf
Authors: Jaber Hadi Zainab , Abdulsahib Mahammad Hassein Samer , Muhsin Almohana Ali
Published: January 2024

Introduction: The main purpose of this study was to investigating the presence of qnr-genes among clinical isolates of K. pneumoniae recovered from Najaf hospitals.Material and methods: A total of 1590 clinical specimens were obtained from three main hospitals. The Klebsiella spp. were identified by traditional biochemical tests, and confirmed by API 20E system.Theisolates that exhibited reduce susceptibility to quinolones were examined for the presence of PMQR qnr (qnrA, qnrB, and qnrS qnrC, and qunD).Results: The qnr genes were detected in 20 (63.5%) isolates qnrB, qnrA and qnrS were identified in 17 (23%), 2 (2.7%) and 1 (1.4%) respectively.Conclusion: K. pneumoniae isolates harboring PMQR are currently widely distributed in Najaf hospitals.
Incidence and causes of emergency cesarean sections in Diwaniyah city
Authors: Y. Jasem Abd Al Adeem
Published: January 2024

In Diwanyah city more than 30 % of women admitted for labor in Diwanyah maternity teaching hospital between January 2013 and January 2014 delivered by cesarean section , the rate of cesarean section is high in Diwanyah city & is increasing in other cities of Iraq , it is also increasing all over the world including the developing & developed countries