bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
General Considerations about Currencies and Money Supply
Authors: Campbell Jean ,   Polish Academy of Sciences
Published: February 2025

This paper is an exploration of factors contributing to determinations of value and forms of currency. Among these are the market, corruption, dependence on civil society and centralized organization. Limits of policy regulation are opposed to natural business cycles; virtuous circulation of goods and services is contrasted with the value bubbles formed by the vicious cycles resulting from schemes corrupting the market-based flow of exchange as occurred in the financial collapse of 2008. Three variants to define oligarchy are cited to provide explanatory power for the contrived concentration and correlative loss of wealth enabled by the COVID-19 pandemic.
Lev Platonovich Karsavin’s All-Unity Is All-Unity? Phenomenology of All-unity in Philosophy, Religion and Sacred Art
Authors: Shelkovaia Nataliia ,   Polish Academy of Sciences
Published: February 2025

The article attempts to identify the essence of genuine, not limited by a confessional framework, all-unity in philosophy, religion and sacred art. It is focused on the philosophy of all-unity by Lev Karsavin. The idea of all-unity is illustrated by Leonardo da Vinci’s drawing Vitruvian Man. The disclosure of its symbols allows us to see various manifestations of all-unity from the level of human to the Universe. These same aspects of allunity can be found in the teachings of Plotinus, Pseudo-Dionysius the Areopagite, Nicholas of Cusa and the founder of the “philosophy of all-unity”—Vladimir Solovyov. Based on the origins of the concept of all-unity in the One God, one can trace the deep unity of all religions and ideas of sacred art. An unbiased corporate analysis of the religions and sacred art of Christianity, Islam and Chan Buddhism led the author to identify their common ideas and to put forward a hypothesis about the deep unity of God the Creator in Christianity and Shunyata in Buddhism. The inner feeling of the organic connection of all things occurs only in the heart—the center of person, the place of meeting with God and love, the essence and manifestations of which are studied by the adherents of allunity, in particular Solovyov and Karsavin. Only by opening his heart to God, love, the world, and acquiring a mystical worldview, does a person become a true person, feeling with their whole being the organic unity of everything in the Universe.
Contingency and Identity. On the Anthropological Historicism of Hermann Lübbe
Authors: Czerniak Stanisław ,   Polish Academy of Sciences
Published: February 2025

The author reconstructs the concept of "anthropological historicism" of Hermann Lübbe, a contemporary German philosopher (born 1926), one of the main representatives of the so-called Joachim Ritter School. Lübbe reduces human identity to human individuality and individual awareness of the uniqueness of one's own biography—the history of the individual, which accumulates in a series of contingent experiences and their biographical effects. This approach omits the social and axiological dimension of the identity of a human being, which is emphasized by social philosophers (Georg Herbert Mead, Thomas Luckmann). In the second part of the article, the author criticizes Lübbe's concept from these sociological positions, referring to the relevant polemics in German literature on the subject.
EFEKTIVITAS PENERAPAN KURIKULUM 2013 DALAM PEMBELAJARAN SOSIOLOGI
Authors: Lia Kurnia Sari  , M. Syahrul Ulum
Published: February 2025

Jurnal ini mengulas tentang bagaimana efektivitas pembelajaran Sosiologi melalui penerapan kurikukulum 2013 di MAN 5 Kediri. Penelitian yang dilakukan di MAN 5 Kediri bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan tentang analisis keefektifan pembelajaran Sosiologi pada kelas XI dan XII jurusan IPS dengan menggunakan penerapan Kurikulum 2013. Jenis penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif untuk menganalisis dan menyajikan fakta secara sistematis untuk memudahkan pemahaman dan dugaan. Instrument penelitian ini yaitu menyediakan informasi melalui sumber data, mengumpulkan data, menilai kualitas data, menganalisis data, menafsirkan data, temuan, dan menarik kesimpulan. Sumber data penelitian ini observasi. Adapun hasil penelitian di Madrasah Aliyah Negeri 5 Kediri yaitu pembelajaran Sosiologi kelas XI dan XII dengan menerapkan Kurikulum 2013 sudah efektif sesuai rancangan badan pendidikan dimana siswa dituntut berpartisipasi aktif dalam pembentukan Kurikulum serta siswa diberikan kebebasan dalam menentukan metode pembelajaran dan dilibatkan secara penuh dalam penerapan Kurikulum 2013. Kegiatan perencanaan dibasiskan pada keputusan siswa kelas XI IPS dan XII IPS, hal ini berdampak pada peserta didik menjadi nyaman dalam belajar menjadi subyek dalam proses pembelajaran. Pusat dari pembelajaran berada pada siswa itu sendiri, bukan pada guru seperti pendidikan formal pada umumnya. guru harus bisa memberi kesempatan seluas-luasnya bagi siswa untuk belajar dan memfasilitasi agar siswa bisa mengaktualisasikan dirinya. Guru juga harus mengembangkan pengetahuannya secara meluas dan mendalam agar bisa memfasilitasi peserta didik. Hubungan antara guru dan murid dalam membentuk efektivitas pembelajaran, tidak sebagai hubungan antar pendidik dengan murid, tetapi guru dan murid berposisi sebagai mitra aktif dalam proses belajar mengajar.
PERAN PENDIDIKAN AGAMA ISLAM DALAM MENGHADAPI TANTANGAN GLOBAL
Authors: Abdullah Zaini
Published: February 2025

Islamic Religious Education is a deliberate and planned effort to prepare students to know, understand, and practice the teachings of Islam in everyday life. This education aims to shape students into human beings who believe and fear Allah SWT, have noble morals, are healthy, intelligent, creative, independent, and responsible. Islamic Religious Education not only teaches knowledge about religion, but also how to direct students to have the qualities of faith, piety, and noble morals. Thus, the target of Islamic Religious Education is the formation of students' personalities so that they have strong faith and piety, and their lives are always decorated with noble morals wherever they are, and in various fields of life. The purpose of this study is to explore and provide an overview of the role of Islamic Religious Education in facing global challenges. This study uses a descriptive research method with a literacy study from various related sources. The results of this study are the discovery of the concept of the role of Islamic Religious Education in facing various global challenges.
Acute Intestinal Obstruction Due to Ascariasis in a Child: A Case from a Resource Limited Setting
Authors: Andriani Christin , Syamsul Munir Awliya , Utami Ni Made Dwiyathi
Published: February 2025

Background: Ascariasis remains a widespread and frequently undiagnosed condition, with most cases being asymptomatic. However, severe manifestations can result in total or partial intestinal obstruction. In resource-limited settings, diagnosis primarily depends on clinical presentation, stool examination, and basic radiographic imaging.
Case: A three-year-old child from rural Southwest Sumba presented with vomiting, fever, abdominal pain, and constipation. Physical examination, faecal examination, and imaging revealed partial small bowel obstruction due to an Ascaris bolus, complicated by mild to moderate dehydration. Following conservative management including fluid resuscitation, NPO status, NGT insertion, and single dose albendazole, the patient passed numerous worms, improved clinically, and was discharged on day five.
Discussion: This case report highlights the diagnostic and management challenges of a severe form of ascariasis that caused partial small bowel obstruction in a resource-limited setting. The patient's differential diagnoses included intussusception, mesenteric cyst, and abdominal tuberculosis. The patient presented with risk factors including young age, frequent barefoot contact with soil, poverty, residence in an area with limited access to water and healthcare, and a lack of participation in deworming programs. Through clinical assessment, the patient was successfully managed with conservative treatment and antihelminthic therapy.
Conclusion: While small bowel obstruction presents a diagnostic challenge with a wide range of differential diagnoses, ascariasis offers distinct risk factors and can be readily confirmed with basic diagnostic tools. Ascariasis remains a significant public health issue, highlighting the urgent need for intensified community education on hygiene and improved public health infrastructure in Southwest Sumba.
Multiple Thrombi in Portal Vein with Protein C and Protein S Deficiency: A Case Report
Authors: Rose Diana Kusumawati Ninung , Juwita Pratiwi
Published: February 2025

Background: Portal vein thrombosis (PVT) is a rare but significant cause of the gastrointestinal bleeding, often leading to delayed diagnosis due to its subtle presentation. PVT can result in portal hypertension, which cause the formation of portosystemic collaterals as a compensatory mechanism. Deficiencies in protein C and protein S are recognized as risk factor for PVT. This study aims to describe a rare underlying condition of PVT in children.
Case: A 14-year-old boy presented with recurrent hematemesis and melena over the past eight years. Physical examination revealed no epigastric pain but showed splenomegaly. Laboratory findings showed pancytopenia, mildly elevated AST, prolonged plasma prothrombin time and partial thromboplastin time, increased INR, and low protein C and S. Endoscopic evaluation revealed esophageal and fundal varices, with portal hypertensive gastropathy. Multi-slice CT (MSCT) confirmed thrombosis in the main, right, and left portal veins, supporting the diagnosis of PVT. The patient was also diagnosed with an underlying myeloproliferative disorder, further contributing to his condition.
Discussion: Protein C and S deficiency is a prominent risk factor of PVT. Identification of risk factors is essential to accurately treat the condition and prevent worse outcomes. Imaging modalities remain essential for diagnosing PVT. Management focuses on treating complication, particularly those related to portal hypertension, with endoscopic variceal ligation as the preferred treatment.
Conclusion: Comprehensive investigation on etiology and risk factors, close monitoring and individualized treatment are essential in PVT management, especially in pediatric patients.
An Uncommon Mass in The Distal Ulna; A Case of Atypical Osteoid Osteoma
Authors: Barakat Mohammed M.A. , Ertem Kadir , Özdeş Hüseyin Utku
Published: February 2025

Osteoid osteoma (OO) is a benign osteoblastic tumor that commonly occurs in the diaphysis of long bones but is rarely found in peri-articular locations, particularly the wrist. This case report describes a 19-year-old female who presented with chronic wrist pain lasting two years, accompanied by nocturnal exacerbation and tenderness over the distal ulna. Imaging revealed a radiolucent lesion with a nidus, leading to a diagnosis of OO, later confirmed histologically following surgical excision. Differential diagnoses such as ulnar impingement syndrome, triangular fibrocartilage complex (TFCC) injuries, aneurysmal bone cyst (ABC), and giant cell tumor (GCT) were considered and ruled out through clinical and radiological findings. The patient experienced significant pain relief and regained full wrist function postoperatively. This report emphasizes the rarity of OO in the distal ulna and the importance of advanced imaging and a thorough differential diagnosis in managing persistent wrist pain.
Relationship Between Knowledge And Attitudes Of Housewives With Open Defecation Behavior (BABS) Rw 05 Ciseureuh Village
Authors: Ocolly Hanna Meridian , Ardayani Tri , Fuadah Fahmi
Published: February 2025

Civilian’s access towards a clean and healthy lavatory is a part of basic human sanitary needs. This however is still a big problem in Indonesia. Sewage control plays a big part in a healthy environment. Therefore, sewage mismanagement can lead to environmental damage in the water and soil surrounding the polluted area. This can lead to unexpected disease outbreaks that also affect the resident’s activities.  Open defecation are still seen in most traditional based homes including in RW 05 Kelurahan Ciseureuh, Bandung. The purpose of this research’s purpose is to analyze the connection between the knowledge and the action taken towards open defecation Methods. The research approach used is the analytical survey with cross sectional planning. RW 05 Kelurahan Ciseureuh has 230 housewives in tota as population. The data has collected through a questionnaire using frequency distribution and Spearman Rank statistical testing. The results of shows a connection between acknowledging and behaving towards open defecation resulting in p-value 0.028 and the connection between taking action and behaving towards open defecation resulting in p-value 0.049. Conclusion there is a relationship between the knowledge and attitudes of housewives with open defecation (BABS) behavior. RW 05 Cadre is able to work together with M. Ramdan Health Center to provide more education about Open Defecation Behavior (BABS) in order to build awareness of every citizen.
Perancangan Iklan Digital Sandal Mitoki untuk Media Sosial Instagram
Authors: Hendrawan Aris , Putra Rizky Surya , Zulfikar Ali
Published: February 2025

Periklanan masa kini tidak hanya menghiasi media-media konvensional, tapi juga menyemarakkan platform digital, terutama media sosial. Di antara beragam media sosial yang populer di Indonesia, Instagram masih menduduki deretan atas dengan puluhan juta pengguna aktifnya. Tak heran jika platform media sosial yang satu ini menjadi pilihan favorit dalam menempatkan iklan suatu produk. Untuk format konten iklan sendiri, saat ini iklan dalam bentuk video (reels) cenderung lebih disukai oleh audiens dibanding poster bergambar ataupun konten berbasis audio. Sebagai brand sandal yang lahir di tengah hiruk pikuk media digital, Mitoki merasa perlu memanfaatkan Instagram untuk berpromosi dengan menampilkan konten-konten yang menarik dan relevan di tengah masyarakat. Dalam penelitian ini, penulis merancang sebuah iklan dalam format audio visual yang ditempatkan di Instagram. Penulis menerapkan metode design sprint dalam perancangan iklan digital sandal Mitoki. Di samping konten iklan yang muncul di Feed Instagram, hasil akhir dari penelitian ini adalah menunjukkan langkah-langkah pembuatan iklan yang menarik dan menghibur disertai analisis efektivitas iklan yang diharapkan dapat membantu meningkatkan brand awareness sandal Mitoki.
A solution to the time-dependent two-dimensional Navier-Stokes equation in a rectangular domain using the Adomian decomposition method and theory of Gröbner Basis
Authors: Piovesan Luciana Rossato , Athayde Alexandre Sacco de , Bodmann Bardo Ernst Josef , Vilhena Marco Túllio Menna Barreto de
Published: February 2025

In the present work we propose a modified decomposition method to derive approximate solutions for non-linear problems. Depending on the type of non-linearity, the source terms of the differential equations to be solved in each recursion step may result in extensive expressions, impractical for computational implementations and applications. This shortcomings are circumvented by the present methodology, which contemplates as a solution procedure in each recursion step a combined variable separation method together with Duhamel's principle, where the non-linearity appears as inhomogeneity. The source terms of the equation in each step of recursion are interpolated by polynomials and, using the Gröbner basis of the set points, the polynomial of reduced degree is obtained so that the integration may be carried out easily. As an application we considered a simplified version of the Navier-Stokes equation, which was used to simulate the wind field making use of the micrometeorological data from the Copenhagen experiment. The derived solution was evaluated against these experimental data from the field experiments showed that the computed results are acceptable and thus the solution may be considered an acceptable one and may be used as a simulation device for these type of field experiments. For almost all experiments twenty eigenvalues and ten recursion steps were sufficient. As results the wind speed at certain positions was simulated and compared to the measured values. The results obtained allow us to affirm that the presented methodology works satisfactorily and, therefore, can be considered a promising tool for solving non-linear problems, which are not tractable with the conventional decomposition method.
Um modelo matemático compartimental para o estudo da mpox no Brasil
Authors: Piovesan Luciana Rossato , Buske Daniela , Santos Antonio Marcos de Oliveira dos , Athayde Alexandre Sacco de , Gonçalves Glênio Aguiar , Quadros Régis Sperotto de
Published: February 2025

Este trabalho apresenta o estudo de um modelo epidemiológico do tipo SEIR para analisar os dados da mpox no Brasil. O modelo considerado é resolvido pelo método de Runge-Kutta de quarta ordem e quatro estágios, e as curvas dos indivíduos infectados ao longo do tempo são estimadas. O modelo é validado com dados de um surto epidêmico que aconteceu em 1972 em Kosovo. Utilizando dados do surto do vírus mpox no Brasil em 2022, verificou-se que a simulação do modelo teve o mesmo comportamento do surto ocorrido em Kosovo.
Mechanisms for Identifying and Assessing Corruption Risks in Public Administration
Authors: Ahmadjonov Murodullo
Published: February 2025

This study explores mechanisms for assessing and mitigating corruption risks in Uzbekistan, highlighting digitization, public oversight, and governance transparency. Acknowledging corruption as a major obstacle to progress, the government emphasizes openness and systematic information disclosure while key measures include mandatory annual and quarterly reports on corruption risks from state bodies and enhanced transparency in public procurement. The establishment of the Anti-Corruption Agency is crucial for ensuring compliance with international conventions like the UN Convention against Corruption. The study also outlines initiatives to boost public participation in governance, raise awareness about corruption, and integrate anti-corruption education into curricula. These efforts are essential for addressing corruption practices and risks while Promoting freedom of information and effectively managing corruption-related reports is vital for building public trust and strengthening governance frameworks.
Analysis of the Selection of Transportation Modes for College Trips
Authors: Setiawan Ajie , Ariani Firga , Budi Purwantoro Agus
Published: February 2025

The congestion conditions that occur on the UMY campus land and the route to the campus that has high density and congestion in the morning and evening, encourage the need for a study related to the reasons why students choose the mode of transportation used and the form of travel patterns that are carried out every day. The purpose of this study is to describe the demographic characteristics and characteristics of students' trips to college. The research method used was quantitative, with a cross-sectional design and purposive sampling techniques, and involved S1 and S2 students from the Faculty of Engineering. Data was collected through questionnaires, observations, and secondary sources, then analyzed using statistics. Based on the research results, most UMY students are 19-23 years old, male, earn above UMP, and have a Class C driver's license. Private cars are used stably over short-to-medium distances and dominate the high-cost category. Trans Jogja buses are popular for medium distances (8-14 km) among students on a budget. Online transportation is chosen for short-to-medium trips with higher costs. This study concludes that students prioritize flexibility, travel time efficiency, and affordability when selecting transportation modes. The policy implications show the need to improve public transportation access, provide campus shuttle services, and parking solutions to optimize student mobility and reduce congestion. Further research is suggested to explore policy frameworks for sustainable transportation in the campus environment.
Hubungan Citra Tubuh dengan Kecemasan pada Dewasa Awal
Authors: Theofilia Siahaan Gabriela , Kartasasmita Sandy
Published: February 2025

Citra tubuh dan kecemasan merupakan dua aspek psikologis yang saling berkaitan, terutama pada individu dewasa awal yang sedang mengalami berbagai perubahan fisik dan sosial. Persepsi negatif terhadap tubuh sendiri dapat menyebabkan ketidakpuasan yang berujung pada peningkatan kecemasan. Penelitian sebelumnya telah menunjukkan adanya hubungan antara citra tubuh dan kecemasan, namun penelitian ini berfokus pada individu dewasa awal di wilayah Jabodetabek dengan pendekatan yang lebih mendalam. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara citra tubuh dan kecemasan pada individu dewasa awal. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kuantitatif korelasional non-eksperimental dengan teknik pengambilan sampel purposive sampling. Partisipan dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 349 individu berusia 18-25 tahun, yang berdomisili di Jakarta, Bogor, Depok, Tangerang, dan Bekasi. Alat ukur yang digunakan adalah Multidimensional Body Self-Relation Questionnaire (MBSRQ) untuk mengukur citra tubuh dan Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAM-A) untuk mengukur kecemasan. Analisis data dilakukan menggunakan uji korelasi Spearman. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan negatif yang signifikan antara citra tubuh dan kecemasan (r = -0.383, p = 0.000), yang berarti semakin positif citra tubuh seseorang, semakin rendah tingkat kecemasannya, dan sebaliknya. Selain itu, ditemukan bahwa perempuan memiliki tingkat kecemasan lebih tinggi dibandingkan laki-laki, sementara laki-laki memiliki citra tubuh yang lebih tinggi. Kesimpulannya, citra tubuh yang negatif dapat meningkatkan kecemasan, sehingga penting bagi individu untuk mengembangkan pola pikir positif terhadap tubuhnya guna mengurangi kecemasan. Hasil penelitian ini dapat menjadi dasar bagi intervensi psikologis dalam meningkatkan kesejahteraan mental individu dewasa awal.
SENTIMENTE AUTENTICE ŞI FIINŢĂ INTEGRALĂ LA JOHN STUART MILL
Authors:   Universitatea din Craiova, Facultatea de Științe Sociale, RĂDUICĂ IONUŢ
Published: February 2025

The main hypothesis is that feelings and emotions play a particularly significant role in the life of the individual and in that of society. The free man possesses qualitative feelings and emotions, being useful both to him and to his fellow beings. In this paper, we will analyze the opposition between the individual and society; the “practical principle” of human action; the society, and what its “qualities” are. The main question concerns how we design a non-conflictual society with individuals, given that the latter act rationally in a broad sense, often superficially, while also using positive social tendencies. Thus, we will investigate the social and individual utility of feelings, in order to ultimately interpret the relationship between the complete being and feelings, on the one hand, and the integral being and society, on the other hand. We will conclude that feelings and emotions are an effect and not a cause of the authenticity of the human being. Therefore, we consider Mill’s solution, which understands freedom as the cause of the authenticity and utility of feelings and emotions, to be well-founded.
WHITEHEAD’S EARLY THEORY OF PERCEPTION (1911–1917): A LOOK AT ITS SOURCES
Authors:   Universitatea Paris-Est Créteil, Rusu Bogdan
Published: February 2025

In this paper I deal with Whitehead’s early theory of perception, as presented in Whitehead’s first philosophical book from 1917. I argue that it differs from the theory developed subsequently, in the works on natural philosophy, by being subjectivist. Although the theory bears resemblance to Russell’s contemporary theory of perception, I hold that Russell’s influence on Whitehead was shallow. Much more substantive was the influence he received from G. F. Stout. Whitehead’s early theory of perception has a Stoutian infrastructure, that is, it draws on Stout’s analysis of mind from Analytic Psychology and assumes the Stoutian concept of „presentation”, as well as a Stoutian interpretation of the „principle of hypothetical sense-presentations”.
The respiratory activity study of several soybean varieties using CO2 sensors
Authors: Birsan Ana , Ganea Ion , Frunza Maria , Vladinova Alina , Gutu Costel , Iacubuta Maria , Evtodiev Silvia
Published: February 2025

The respiratory activity of soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill.) seeds during the germination stage has been evaluated using CO2 sensors. Three indigenous soybean varieties: Aura, Viorela and Moldovita were selected for the study. The respiratory activity was assessed by measuring the concentration of carbon dioxide (CO2) in a gas mixture using PASCO Technologies. Changes in CO2 levels were monitored using model PS-3208 wireless CO2 gas sensors. The heightened respiratory activity in the Aura variety was positively correlated with greater thousand kernel weight, higher germination energy and germination capacity of the seeds. The obtained CO2 content data highlights the seeds’ ability to mobilize reserve materials during germination. This information can be valuable in elucidating differences in the fundamental processes of seed germination among crop varieties, with consideration given to environmental conditions.
Seasonal monitoring of the invasive species halyomorpha halys stal. On decorative plants in the conditions of the Republic of Moldova
Authors: Zavatin Maria , Rusu Iuliana , Nastas Tudor
Published: February 2025

The brown marmorated stink bug Halyomorpha halys Stal is one of the most aggressive invasive insect species, posing a serious threat to agricultural crops and decorative plants in Europe and North America. Over the past five years, it has been actively spreading in the Republic of Moldova, causing damage to both agriculture and ornamental plantings. This study conducted seasonal monitoring of Halyomorpha halys on ornamental plants, focusing on visual inspections of plants such as lilac (Syringa spp.) and ailanthus (Ailanthus altissima Mill.), which are potential hosts for this species. Regular inspections of the plants revealed the presence of adults, nymphs, and egg masses, and tracked population dynamics throughout the growing season. On lilac, adults predominated from june to july, while from august to september, during the development of the third generation and seed maturation, there was an increase in nymph populations. On ailanthus, adults were dominant in the first ten days of august (up to 12 individuals per branch), whereas nymphs of all stages dominated during the second and third ten days of August.
A moisture and temperature regime of the soils in the „Codrii” reserve during the 2023 vegetation period
Authors: Barcari Ecaterina , Nagacevschi Tatiana
Published: February 2025

On the territory of the Reserve, the climate is characterized by the variability of conditions, the alternation of periods of drought with abundance of precipitation. Winters are relatively mild with little snow, the warm period is mostly dry. Heavy rains can condition surface runoff, but in the forest they do not cause soil erosion. Relief plays an important role in climate formation. The varied altitudes and the fragmentation of the territory cause disturbances, from one place to another, of atmospheric pressure and air temperature, of the amount of atmospheric precipitation. The investigated sample surfaces are located on the upper and middle sides of the slopes, with the water table being found at great depths. For these surfaces, the periodic percolative water regime is characteristic, that is, the percolation of the soil profile to the level of the water table occurs only in some years, namely in those with abundant precipitation. Moisture is maintained in the soil only from atmospheric precipitation.
Evaluation of the efficacy of phytopreparations in preventing glycosuria, ketonuria, and proteinuria in experimental models of diabetes
Authors: Bacalov Iurie , Crivoi Aurelia , Chirita Elena , Druta Adriana
Published: February 2025

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease that requires close monitoring to prevent complications such as ketonuria, proteinuria, and glycosuria, each indicating poor disease control. Ketonuria occurs when the body breaks down fats instead of glucose for energy and is more common in type 1 diabetes. Proteinuria indicates kidney damage caused by high blood sugar levels. Glycosuria reflects the kidneys’ inability to fully reabsorb glucose, occurring when blood sugar levels are too high. Herbal preparations can provide complementary support to conventional treatment. Plants such as mulberry, ginseng, cinnamon, elderberry, and nettle have beneficial properties in reducing these symptoms and protecting the kidneys. Experimental research conducted on rats has shown the positive effects of an herbal preparation composed of nettle, elderberry, and pumpkin on symptoms of alloxan-induced diabetes. The results indicated a significant reduction in glycosuria, ketonuria, and proteinuria in the treated animals. Thus, the use of herbal preparations can improve diabetes control, but should be accompanied by medical monitoring and a healthy lifestyle.
Educational product presented at the practical test in the certification process of teachers
Authors: Goras Mariana , Diru Mariana , Tachi Natalia , Chiosa Zinaida
Published: February 2025

The article presents an example of an educational product, provided for the practical test in the Regulation on the attestation of teaching staff in general, professional technical education and within psycho-pedagogical assistance structures, approved by order of the Minister of Education, Culture and Research no. 1091 of 07.10.2020, with subsequent changes, approved by the order of the Minister of Education and Research no. 1335 of 30.09.2024 (publishes in the Official Gazette of the Republic of Moldova no. 437-439, art. 814, on 18.10.2024) [1]. As a product of educational practice, we propose - Curriculum Implementation Guide for the STEM discipline in Forensics. The development stages of the educational product are described, as well as the description of the structural elements: 1) Argument/ Description of the problem and motivation of the need for change; 2) SMART goal and objectives; 3) Action plan implemented (What? When? How? Responsible, resources); 4) Quantitative and qualitative results obtained/the impact of successful educational practice; 5) Ensuring the sustainability of the initiated changes; 6) Dissemination of the results through presentations, publications, trainings at institution/ district/ municipality/ republic level.
Potential directions to amend the law on free legal aid according to grevio reports
Authors: Turanjanin Veljko
Published: February 2025

The right to free legal aid is an important segment of the right to a fair trial, guaranteed by numerous international documents. In recent years, particular attention has been drawn to the requirements of the Istanbul Convention embodied in the GREVIO reports for the signatory states of this convention. Therefore, in the paper, the author, after the introductory considerations on free legal aid, briefly explains the international acts that provide for the right to free legal aid, after which he analyzes the views of the Expert Group for Action against Violence against Women and Domestic Violence expressed through reports on the implementation of the Istanbul Convention. In the concluding remarks, the author summarizes his observations and gives suggestions and recommendations in which direction the Law on Free Legal Aid of the Republic of Serbia could be changed.
Initiation of administrative procedure in the legal system of Bosnia and Herzegovina
Authors: Račić Jelena
Published: February 2025

The paper examines the topic of the initiation of administrative procedure considered through the prism of critical analysis of the judicial practice of the Court of Bosnia and Herzegovina in proceedings for compensation of damages in public procurement. The content analysis of this legal aspect indicates the shortcomings of the legal solution, as well as the inconsistent application of the existing legal solution in Bosnia and Herzegovina. It is concluded that it is necessary to the review and reconsider the legal solution in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The comparison of the aforementioned legal solution with the legal solutions of the Republic of Serbia and the Republic of Croatia proved that each of the legal solutions has advantages and disadvantages, which are identified through the application of legal norms in practice and over time, for which they need to be reconsidered. Nevertheless, the concept applied in Bosnia and Herzegovina has shortcomings in terms of not only the sustainability of the legal solution itself, but also in terms of the application of relevant legal norms. Examining and referring to the principles of the administrative procedure, as the basis of the administrative procedure, provides legal protection to the parties in the proceedings and protects the basic principles of the procedure. When an insufficiently precise legal norm is tried to be interpreted by reference to the principles of administrative procedure, it is necessary to conclude that a clearer definition of a certain term in the law is needed. Nonetheless, it should not be disregarded that the inconsistency was not caused solely by an unclear legal norm, but also by the inconsistent application of the legal norm to specific cases, which can be observed through the analyzed example from the practice of public procurement.
The role of oxidative stress in male infertility: Connection to sperm telomere shortening and overall DNA damage
Authors: Glišić Biljana , Kotur-Stevuljević Jelena
Published: February 2025

Male infertility affects approximately 20% of men, with 30-40% of cases being linked to issues in both partners. While sperm production may be normal, DNA damage in spermatozoa can occur and become a primary cause of infertility. The exacerbation of oxidative stress leads to damage to various biomolecules, such as DNA fragmentation, lipid peroxidation, and protein oxidation, all of which can impair egg fertilization and embryo development. Elevated levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in semen are associated with poor sperm quality, reduced fertilization potential, and increased sperm DNA fragmentation. Additionally, shorter telomeres in semen correlate with reduced sperm vitality and function. Oxidative stress accelerates telomere attrition by inducing DNA damage, which leads to telomere shortening and potentially compromises sperm function and fertility. DNA damage can occur at different stages of spermatogenesis and fertilization. If the damage surpasses the oocyte's repair capacity, infertility may occur. Various tests are available to assess sperm DNA damage, with the sperm DNA fragmentation (SDF) test being one of the most promising. DNA damage is quantified as the DNA fragmentation index (DFI), which represents the percentage of spermatozoa with fragmented DNA. Although reference intervals for DFI may vary depending on the method used, DFI ≤ 15% is generally considered normal, 15-30% is considered average, and DFI ≥ 30% indicates poor DNA integrity, which may negatively impact pregnancy outcomes.
Histopathological and molecular characteristics of colorectal cancer: Review of the significance of the epithelial-mesenhymal transition
Authors: Đikić-Rom Aleksandra , Barišić Goran
Published: February 2025

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most frequently diagnosed cancer and the second most common cause of death among malignant neoplasms, including both sexes. The most important prognostic and predictive factors for CRC are the histological type and grade of the tumor, TNM stage of the tumor disease, lympho-vascular and perineural infiltration, tumor budding and residual status. The molecular classification of CRC is based on its genetic characteristics, cellular specifications, cancer microenvironment and immunological characteristics, and is of great practical importance, as individual subtypes differ in their clinical course and respond differently to chemotherapeutic and biological treatment. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a trans differentiation process in which epithelial cells acquire properties that are characteristic of mesenchymal cells. During neoplastic progression, cancer cells acquire genetic and epigenetic features that affect oncogenic and tumor suppressor genes, which ultimately results in the activation of the type III EMT program, giving them the potential to invade and metastasize, contributing to the stemness of cancer cells, their resistance to drugs and immune response avoidance. Changes made in cells, during EMT, can be reversible upon arrival at a suitable location for colonization, by a process opposite to EMT, called mesenchymal-epithelial transition (MET), during which cells regain characteristics of the epithelial phenotype. In most human cancer types, a complete shift from an epithelial to a mesenchymal phenotype during EMT is rarely encountered, but most cancers show partial EMT. Cells undergoing partial EMT are difficult to identify, due to their phenotypic heterogeneity and variable expression of EMT markers. It is necessary to find new biomarkers of EMT, especially partial EMT, as well as a better understanding of the relationship between EMT and resistance to therapy, in order to develop new therapeutic approaches for CRC.
Memorial in context: A spatial analysis of Boganović's "Mound of the Unbeaten"
Authors: Slavković Ljubica
Published: February 2025

The subject of this paper is a case study of the "Mound of the Unbeaten" (Mogila na nepobedenite). The memorial complex is located in the Memorial Park of the Revolution in Prilep, the Republic of North Macedonia, and was erected in 1961. The author of the spatial design, landscape and architecture of the memorial complex, as well as the choice of location, is the architect Bogdan Bogdanović, one of the most prominent authors of memorial architecture throughout Yugoslavia. The research places a special focus on the spatial perception of the memorial complex, its carefully guided sensory experience through on-site movement and its relation to the natural and historical context. The research relies on primary sources, archival material analysis and a memorial complex visit. Through multi-layered spatial analysis, with the placement in a contextual and historical framework, the work contributes to the understanding of the complexity of Bogdanović's creativity, evaluation of his artisticspatial and cultural expression and to comprehending memorial architecture as a complex cultural, spatial and sensory experience and a work of art.
Un azulejo real (Buthraupis montana) con coloración atípica
Authors: Botero Jorge E. , Jaramillo María T. , Teske Ute
Published: February 2025

An atypically colored Hooded Mountain-Tanager (Buthraupis montana) was observed and photographed twice in a high Andean forest in Caldas, Colombia, in 2008 and 2009. The bird exhibited yellow patches on both sides of the face and head, blue thighs, and pale-pink feet. These parts are typically colored black in this species. Its bright red eyes and the rest of its plumage had the normal coloration of the species. This atypical coloration is likely associated with mutations in genes affecting melanin deposition in the integument and with the interactions between such mutations and the environment.
Efecto del retamo espinoso (Ulex europaeus) sobre las aves de borde en un bosque altoandino
Authors: Amaya-Villarreal Ángela María , Miguel Renjifo Luis
Published: February 2025

The impact of invasive species is one of the most important threats to biodiversity. Gorse (Ulex europaeus) is one of the worst invasive species of plant in the world. It has been introduced in high Andean regions, with a considerable impact on the composition and structure of vegetation.  however, its effect on high Andean birds is unknown. Gorse does not have bird-pollinated flowers nor fruit consumed by birds, as opposed to most native shrubs. In addition, its foliage is spiny and has a different structure than that of native shrubs. Therefore, gorse invasion is likely to affect food availability for birds. We characterized vegetation composition and structure in high Andean forest edges with and without gorse, as well as species richness and relative abundance of bird species. Shrub density was twice as high in edges invaded by gorse than in those without gorse, whereas abundance of native shrubs was severely reduced in invaded edges. On the other hand, the overall abundance of birds was not affected by gorse, but at the species level we found that Colaptes rivolii avoids edges with gorse, and the presence of this plant had a negative impact on Turdus fuscater. In contrast, Diglossa humeralis and Basileuterus nigrocristatus were more abundant in forest edges invaded by gorse. These results give evidence of a moderate effect of the invasion on the avifauna as a whole, likely as a result of the composition of the community. The avifauna in the study area is depauperate because almost all groups sensitive to landscape transformation are gone; accordingly, it is composed by generalist species that are likely resilient to habitat changes.
Breeding biology of Pale-edged Flycatcher (Myiarchus cephalotes) in northeastern Ecuador
Authors: Greeney Harold F. , Dyrcz Andrzej
Published: February 2025

We made observations on the reproductive habits of Pale-edged Flycatcher (Myiarchus cephalotes) nesting in nest boxes and under the eaves of human dwellings in northeastern Ecuador. We found a total of six nests, likely built by the same two pairs. Nest construction lasted around 23 days at one nest and was performed only by the female. Most clutches are initiated during the drier months, but there may be some breeding year-round. Clutch size ranged from two to three eggs. Only females incubated and spent the night on the nest. Patterns of attendance during incubation were fairly regular and eggs were covered for 62% of daylight hours. Incubation period was 18 days at two nests. At two nests eggs hatched synchronously and at a third two eggs hatched 24 h prior to the final egg. The nestling period was 18 days. Based on observations of one banded pair in 2008 and 2009, females provide the majority of nestling care (61%). Nestlings were provisioned with a large percentage of adult Lepidoptera and cicadas, with females bringing predominantly Lepidoptera and males favoring cicadas. After leaving the nest, young birds remained with their parents for at least 10 weeks and were still provisioned by Nthem for at least the first nine weeks.
Distribución geográfica y ecológica, tamaño poblacional y vacíos de conservación del periquito de Santa Marta (Pyrrhura viridicata)
Authors: Botero-Delgadillo Esteban , Páez Carlos Andrés , Verhelst Juan Carlos
Published: February 2025

The Santa Marta Parakeet (Pyrrhura viridicata) is an endemic and threatened species from Colombia, whose conservation needs include determining its population status and geographical distribution. This study compiled and analyzed geographic and population data obtained between 2006 and 2012 to aid the establishment of the species' current status. We modeled the species' potential distribution using the MaxEnt algorithm, and we estimated the area of occupancy and remaining habitat using a geographic information system. We combined these results to identify conservation gaps. Extrapolating from population density values obtained on the San Lorenzo slope in 2006 and 2008, we estimated the species’ population size based on its area of occupancy and the extent of remaining habitat. The distribution model revealed that P. viridicata is restricted to humid forests mainly between 2000-3000 m elevation on the northern flank of the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, in areas where seasonality in precipitation and in temperature is low. Assuming total occupation of remaining habitat (680 km2) and similar population densities across the species range, we estimate a population size of 2900-4800 individuals. If occupation is only partial, then the population is not expected to exceed 2500 individuals. A gap analysis indicated that 80% of the species’ predicted range lies within protected areas, but we recommend increasing coverage through the creation of reserves while simultaneously increasing the efficacy of protective measures in existing protected areas. According to the gap analysis, it is likely that populations in the Ranchería River Basin are isolated from other populations in the massif, because any local migration would require flights through extensively deforested areas or across areas outside of the species' levational range. Validation of the model will help identify other areas of potential occurrence for the species. Population monitoring and studies of habitat selection, home range and population dynamics, will help confirm our conclusions.
THE NATURE OF PHONOLOGY IN A DESCRIPTIVE REVIEW OF ARABIC PHONEMES
Authors: Izzanti Dina Adzkia , Uvaradzikri Mutiara Islami , Alfajar Nadhif
Published: February 2025

In human life, language is a system of arbitrary sound symbols used by humans to communicate with each other. As a system, language has systematic (ruled) and systematic (subsystem) properties. One of its subsystems is phonology. Phonology is a branch of linguistics that explains issues about language sounds spoken through the vocal tract. The sounds of language spoken can produce thousands of meaningful words. Thus, from a series of words that are arranged, sentences can be produced so that they become complex languages. Phonology explains language sounds in general and functionally. Phonemes can be described as the smallest language units, meaning that phoneme units have a function to distinguish the meaning of language. Before learning how to structure a language and its meaning, you must first know the sounds of the language in it. In learning Arabic, the first thing that must be known is the sound of the language. Therefore, phonology has an important role in learning and mastering language.
PENJABARAN PROSEDUR TRANSFER/NATURALISASI: TRANSLITERASI DAN KATEGORI MAKNA
Authors: Berliana Berliana , Nu'man Muhammad
Published: February 2025

Translation is the process of translating the meaning of text from the source language to the target language through certain stages, procedures and theories. A translator needs to have understanding, skills and strategies to avoid mistakes. This research aims to explain in detail the two translation procedures, namely the transfer procedure and the naturalization procedure. The method used is literature study, with data sources from related journals, articles and books. The transfer procedure involves transferring the source language to the target language phonetically, phonologically, graphically, as well as transliteration, which moves the alphabet from one system to another. Meanwhile, the naturalization procedure maintains words or expressions from the source text by adapting the spelling and rules of the target language, which is also known as adaptation. In conclusion, translation can use transfer or naturalization procedures, depending on the need to maintain the meaning and structure of the source language.