bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An Evaluation of the Accuracy of a Flash Glucose Monitoring System in Children with Diabetes in comparison with Venous Blood Glucose
Authors: Cao Bingyan , Wang Rui , Gong Chunxiu , Wu Di , Su Chang , Chen Jiajia , Yi Yajun , Liu Min , Liang Xuejun , Li Wenjing
Published: September 2019

Aims. To evaluate the performance of a factory-calibrated flash glucose monitoring system in children with diabetes compared to venous blood glucose (BG). Methods. A total of 13 hospitalized participants newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes, aged 1~14 years old, were involved in the study. Sensor glucose measurements on days 2, 3, 6, 7, 12, and 13 of wear were compared with venous BG. During these days, the venous BG results were obtained either 4 or 7 times per day. Results. The accuracy was evaluated against venous BG, with 469 of 469 (100.0%) sensor and venous BG pairs within consensus error grid zones A and B, including 94.7% in zone A. The overall mean absolute relative difference (MARD) was 11.67%. The MARD of blood glucose lower than 4.0 mmol/L (MARD=16.89%) was higher than blood glucose between 4 and 10 mmol/L (MARD=11.58%) and blood glucose higher than 10 mmol/L (MARD=7.79%). Compared to venous BG, the MARDs of wear days 2, 3, 6, 7, 12, and 13 were 11.53%, 9.66%, 11.79%, 10.89%, 13.18%, and 13.92%, respectively, with no statistically significant difference (P=0.25). The median ARD was highest when the glucose decreased >0.11 mmol/L/min (20.27%) and lower than 10.00% when the glucose changed between 0.06 and 0.11 mmol/L/min, changed <0.06 mmol/L/min, and increased >0.11 mmol/L/min. Conclusions. The accuracy of the system is good and remains stable over 14 days of wear; however, the accuracy depends on the glucose level and rates of glucose concentration changes.
Pixelwise Estimation of Signal-Dependent Image Noise Using Deep Residual Learning
Authors: Tan Hanlin , Xiao Huaxin , Lai Shiming , Liu Yu , Zhang Maojun
Published: September 2019

In traditional image denoising, noise level is an important scalar parameter which decides how much the input noisy image should be smoothed. Existing noise estimation methods often assume that the noise level is constant at every pixel. However, real-world noise is signal dependent, or the noise level is not constant over the whole image. In this paper, we attempt to estimate the precise and pixelwise noise level instead of a simple global scalar. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first work on the problem. Particularly, we propose a deep convolutional neural network named “deep residual noise estimator” (DRNE) for pixelwise noise-level estimation. We carefully design the architecture of the DRNE, which consists of a stack of customized residual blocks without any pooling or interpolation operation. The proposed DRNE formulates the process of noise estimation as pixel-to-pixel prediction. The experimental results show that the DRNE can achieve better performance on nonhomogeneous noise estimation than state-of-the-art methods. In addition, the DRNE can bring denoising performance gains in removing signal-dependent Gaussian noise when working with recent deep learning denoising methods.
Wind Turbine Clustering Algorithm of Large Offshore Wind Farms considering Wake Effects
Authors: Zhang Binbin , Liu Jun
Published: September 2019

This paper proposed the SVD (singular value decomposition) clustering algorithm to cluster wind turbines into some group for a large offshore wind farm, in order to reduce the high‐dimensional problem in wind farm power control and numerical simulation. Firstly, wind farm wake relationship matrixes are established considering the wake effect in an offshore wind farm, and the SVD of wake relationship matrixes is used to cluster wind turbines into some groups by the fuzzy clustering algorithm. At last, the Horns Rev offshore wind farm is analyzed to test the clustering algorithm, and the clustering result and the power simulation show the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed clustering strategy.
Biofuels and Food: Can Brazilian Ethanol Production Affect Domestic Food Prices?
Authors: Capitani Daniel Henrique Dario
Published: September 2019

This paper examines the impacts of Brazilian domestic ethanol production over several local agricultural food commodities, using a structural autoregressive model with error correction (VECM). Other variables are included in the model, as oil prices and exchange rate. Overall, results point out that Brazilian ethanol has low impact over domestic food commodities prices, even lesser than oil and exchange rate impacts. Simulated shocks on ethanol does not seems to have significant influence over commodities prices. Results suggest that the concern over biofuel and food debate has not much meaning in the Brazilian ethanol context.
Do ensaio à apresentação
Authors: Pimentel Hellem
Published: September 2019

Este artigo se propõe a olhar para a atividade coral no contexto da Justiça Federal do Espírito Santo (JFES) com base em discussões presentes nos Estudos da Performance e na Etnomusicologia. A partir da etnografia de um ensaio e uma apresentação do Coro da JFES, o conceito de performance será associado à compreensão do fazer musical enquanto processo e com finalidade de propiciar interação social.
Dança do ventre em São Paulo
Authors: Giesbrecht Érica
Published: September 2019

Neste artigo, apresento a cena da dança do ventre em São Paulo discutindo seu status artístico e seus meios de sustentabilidade. Embora globalmente conhecida, o que interessa, neste momento, é o exame da prática dessa dança em sua localidade (Robertson, 1992; 1995). Em São Paulo, o que emicamente se costuma chamar de “cena” ou “mercado” da dança não configura um arranjo estável, mas resulta do trabalho contínuo das pessoas envolvidas, sejam ofertantes ouconsumidores. Ainda que preterida em relação a outras opções de entretenimento na cidade, a dança do ventre se sustenta pela constante movimentação desses agentes, gerando uma cena dinâmica e criativa para contornar os desafios colocados pela marginalidade.
Entre o global e o regional
Authors: Oliveira Emerson Dionisio Gomes de , Coelho Aguinaldo Caiado de Castro Aquino
Published: September 2019

O artigo pretende apresentar e discutir o Salão Global da Primavera (SGP) de 1973, realizado em Brasília e Goiânia. A partir de pesquisa documental, entrevistas, depoimentos e registros, mostramos quais agentes e contextos constituem o salão e seu funcionamento. Nesse tocante, defendemos que o SGP contribuiu para a constituição de um sistema das artes na região, inserido numa coligação do Estado com empresas de comunicação presentes no Centro-Oeste. Tomamos, assim, o salão como evento-sintoma de uma aproximação entre políticas culturais do momento, a expansão da TV Globo para Brasília (1971) e a institucionalização das artes visuais no Centro-Oeste. Concluímos que o evento responde a demandas distintas nas duas cidades, configurando de modo distinto as cenas brasiliense e goiana.
O intelectual brasileiro e o argumento do cangaço na década de 1930
Authors: Dias Pedro Lotti Carvalho
Published: September 2019

O cangaço foi tema recorrente de jornais, livros, músicas, filmes e peças teatrais durante toda a primeira metade do século XX. Neste artigo, buscaremos comparar os discursos sobre o assunto veiculados pela imprensa brasileira contemporânea ao cangaço, propondo uma interpretação sobre como ele foi representado no decorrer das décadas em que ocupou o noticiário. A análise narra eventos da história da república brasileira, associando o interesse pelo assunto do cangaço com a crônica política do Brasil da década de 1930.
Um quê a mais
Authors: Xavier Vinicius dos Santos
Published: September 2019

A partir de uma interpretação da Dialética da malandragem, de Antonio Candido, é possível pensar a formação da subjetividade brasileira. Para tanto, o método de “redução estrutural” da sociedade na obra literária, e vice-versa, é o cerne por meio do qual se pode refletir acerca das possibilidades de formação subjetiva. Isso especialmente caso se avance em direção à obra de Machado de Assis. Nesse âmbito, a “malandragem” ganha em qualidade interpretativa: não se trata mais somente da contingência do trânsito individual entre as esferas de ordem e desordem, mas de necessidade social desse ir e vir constante.
Drummond do mundo: uma resenha de Maquinação do mundo - Drummond e a mineração, de José Miguel Wisnik
Authors: Marras Stelio
Published: September 2019

Destaca-se aqui o caráter poluído de Drummond no mundo existencial-material da máquina capitalista que coleta e emaranha em sua prática toda sorte de humanos e não humanos. Tal reflexão tornou-se possível pelo reencantamento de Drummond por Wisnik. Daí derivam questões sobre como enunciar e repor a crítica à sociedade mercadológica a partir do poluído, implicado, vinculado.
Maquinação do mundo
Authors: Moraes Marcos Antonio de
Published: September 2019

Trata-se de resenha do livro Maquinação do mundo: Drummond e a mineração (2019), de José Miguel Wisnik, focalizando questões relativas à hermenêutica nos estudos literários.
O espírito do lugar na subjetividade de Drummond
Authors: Oliva Jaime Tadeu
Published: September 2019

Este breve artigo destaca e argumenta como esse ensaio sobre a obra de Carlos Drummond de Andrade se estruturou tendo como uma de suas bases o que o antropólogo Edward Hall (2005) denominava a “dimensão oculta”. Na verdade, ele se referia ao espaço, aquela materialidade de nossas vidas, nem sempre considerada, mas de relevância notória. Uma relevância para além da funcionalidade óbvia, pois capaz de participar como elemento ativo não só da vida social, mas também da formação da subjetividade dos indivíduos e, nesse caso, do poeta.
Fundo Camargo Guarnieri
Authors: Faviano Giovana Beraldi
Published: September 2019

Este texto apresenta o histórico do arquivo pessoal do compositor Camargo Guarnieri (1907-1993) desde a formação até sua chegada à instituição de guarda, o Arquivo do Instituto de Estudos Brasileiros da USP. Verifica-se esforço sistemático do titular na construção de um legado arquivístico em coerência com sua narrativa de vida tanto como um ato autobiográfico, quanto como forma de resistência às mudanças políticas e culturais que viveu. Por último, a partir de uma descrição breve de sua correspondência, são demonstradas redes de sociabilidade entre o compositor e outras personalidades de sua época e suas relações com outros arquivos pessoais e a instituição de guarda.
Performance, significado e interação no musicar participativo/apresentacional de uma roda de choro
Authors: Bertho Renan Moretti
Published: September 2019

Rodas de choro são espaços destinados ao musicar do choro, uma música fundamentalmente instrumental que surgiu nas camadas populares do meio urbano no Brasil do século XIX. Atualmente, essas rodas articulam elementos de performances participativas e apresentacionais de acordo com os significados construídos e com as experiências adquiridas. O texto parte de uma etnografia realizada em uma roda de choro para abordar quatro ações performáticas: os olhares, os gestos, as falas e as interações. Meu argumento é que aspectos performáticos do musicar são relacionais – e por vezes sincrônicos – em suas dimensões participativa e apresentacional, ressignificam-se na coletividade e expressam o engajamento dos participantes e a interação entre eles.
Timing and predictive factors of developing chronic kidney disease in childhood-onset idiopathic nephrotic syndrome: an Asian experience
Authors: Salamah S , Nasir A , Zainal N , Van Rostenberghe H , Mohamad Ikram I
Published: September 2019

INTRODUCTION Idiopathic nephrotic syndrome (INS) is the commonest type of nephrotic syndrome in children, and a majority of cases have favourable outcomes. A small proportion of INS cases progress to chronic kidney disease (CKD). We investigated the time to CKD and predictive risk factors associated with progression of CKD in these children. METHODS A retrospective review of medical records was done to investigate the demographic variables, and biochemical and histological changes in children with INS aged 12 months to 18 years between 2001 and 2016 at Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia. The median renal survival time for progression to CKD stage III or higher was determined using survival curve analysis. Multiple Cox regression analysis was used to identify predictive factors for CKD. RESULTS The total number of participants was 112 (boys: n = 71; girls: n = 41) and a majority had steroid-sensitive INS. Only about 10% of INS progressed to CKD Stage III or higher, with an overall median renal survival time of 19 years. Median renal survival time in steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome (SRNS) was 13 years. Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis was predominant in SRNS. The predictors of progression to CKD were steroid resistance (adjusted hazard ratio [HR] [95% confidence interval (CI)] 23.8 [2.8–200.9]) and the presence of hypertension at presentation (adjusted HR [95% CI] 8.1 [1.2–55.7]). CONCLUSION The median renal survival time in our study was comparable to other studies. SRNS and the presence of hypertension at presentation were the main predictors for developing CKD in our population.
A new genus of Castniinae (Lepidoptera Castniidae) with comments on comparative morphology and bionomics of its assigned species
Authors: GONZÁLEZ JORGE M. , LÓPEZ G. BERNARDO , HUERTA P. JOHN PHILL , MILLER JACQUELINE Y.
Published: September 2019

There are 14 species of Castniinae known from Mexico of which about ten appear to be endemic. Among the latter, we find Synpalamides chelone (Hopffer, 1856), Synpalamides escalantei (J.Y. Miller, 1976) and Castnia estherae J.Y. Miller, 1976. As far as we can tell, no additional specimens of this latter species have been observed until recently, and most of these are reported herein. A description of the male of S. estherae is provided along with a discussion of the comparative morphology of the closely related S. chelone and S. escalantei, and insight into their life histories and bionomics. Additional review of these species along with the other Synpalamides restricted to South America warranted the description of a new genus, Escalantiana J.Y. Miller gen. nov., to which the above species are assigned.
Toward Improved Cloud-Phase Simulation with a Mineral Dust and Temperature-Dependent Parameterization for Ice Nucleation in Mixed-Phase Clouds
Authors: Fan Songmiao , Ginoux Paul , Seman Charles J. , Silvers Levi G. , Zhao Ming
Published: September 2019

Mixed-phase clouds are frequently observed in the atmosphere. Here we present a parameterization for ice crystal concentration and ice nucleation rate based on parcel model simulations for mixed-phase stratocumulus clouds, as a complement to a previous parameterization for stratus clouds. The parcel model uses a singular (time independent) description for deposition nucleation and a time-dependent description for condensation nucleation and immersion freezing on mineral dust particles. The mineral dust and temperature-dependent parameterizations have been implemented in the Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory atmosphere model, version 4.0 (AM4.0) (new), while the standard AM4.0 (original) uses a temperature-dependent parameterization. Model simulations with the new and original AM4.0 show significant changes in cloud properties and radiative effects. In comparison to measurements, cloud-phase (i.e., liquid and ice partitioning) simulation appears to be improved in the new AM4.0. More supercooled liquid cloud is predicted in the new model, it is sustained even at temperatures lower than −25°C unlike in the original model. A more accurate accounting of ice nucleating particles and ice crystals is essential for improved cloud-phase simulation in the global atmosphere.
Reproducing Internal Variability with Few Ensemble Runs
Authors: Castruccio Stefano , Hu Ziqing , Sanderson Benjamin , Karspeck Alicia , Hammerling Dorit
Published: September 2019

While large climate model ensembles are invaluable tools for physically consistent climate prediction, they also present a large burden in terms of computational resources and storage requirements. A complementary approach to large initial-condition ensembles is to train a stochastic generator on fewer runs. While simulations from a statistical model cannot capture the complexity of climate model runs, they can address some specific scientific questions of interest, such as sampling the variability of regional trends. We demonstrate this potential by comparing simulations from a large ensemble and a stochastic generator trained with only four runs, and show that the variability of regional temperature trends is almost indistinguishable. Training stochastic generators on fewer runs might prove especially useful in the context of large climate model intercomparison projects where creating large ensembles for each model is not possible.
Warm-Sector Heavy Rainfall in Southern China and Its WRF Simulation Evaluation: A Low-Level-Jet Perspective
Authors: Zhang Murong , Meng Zhiyong
Published: September 2019

Warm-sector heavy rainfall in southern China refers to the heavy rainfall that occurs within the warm sector hundreds of kilometers south of a front or without a front during April–June, characterized by poor predictability and a close relationship with low-level jets (LLJs). Based on 45 warm-sector heavy rainfall episodes in 2013 and 2014 in southern China, this study examines their general characteristics and evaluates the performance of convection-permitting WRF Model simulations from an LLJ perspective. The results show that 64% of the warm-sector heavy rainfall episodes are associated with an LLJ (LLJ type) and 36% are not (no-LLJ type). The LLJ type is distinct from the no-LLJ type, with large rainfall accumulation along the coastal area. It is more common for LLJs to occur at both 800 and 925 hPa in the LLJ type, where there is a wide 800-hPa LLJ west of Guangdong Province and two 925-hPa LLJs over Beibu Gulf and the South China Sea (SCS). The coastal convergence associated with the terminus of the LLJ on 925 hPa is conducive to the coastal rainfall. WRF generally presents lower QPF skill in the LLJ type than in the no-LLJ type, due to the severe underestimation of coastal rainfall. The QPF skill of the LLJ type is significantly correlated with the forecast accuracy of LLJs, especially at 925 hPa. The north bias of the simulated LLJ on 925 hPa over the SCS and the associated overestimation of wind speed below ~900 hPa over the inland region weaken the coastal convergence and eventually lead to the underestimation in coastal precipitation.
Large Hail Incidence and Its Economic and Societal Impacts across Europe
Authors: Púčik Tomáš , Castellano Christopher , Groenemeijer Pieter , Kühne Thilo , Rädler Anja T. , Antonescu Bogdan , Faust Eberhard
Published: September 2019

By 31 December 2018, 39 537 quality-controlled reports of large hail had been submitted to the European Severe Weather Database (ESWD) by volunteers and ESSL. This dataset and the NatCatSERVICE Database of Munich RE jointly allowed us to study the hail hazard and its impacts across Europe over a period spanning multiple decades. We present a spatiotemporal climatology of the ESWD reports, diurnal and annual cycles of large hail, and indicate where and how they may be affected by reporting biases across Europe. We also discuss which hailstorms caused the most injuries and present the only case with hail fatalities in recent times. Additionally, we address our findings on the relation between hail size to the type of impacts that were reported. For instance, the probability of reported hail damage to roofs, windows, and vehicles strongly increases as hail size exceeds 5 cm, while damage to crops, trees, and greenhouses is typically reported with hailstone diameters of 2–3 cm. Injuries to humans are usually reported with hail 4 cm in diameter and larger, and number of injuries increases with increasing hail size. Using the NatCatSERVICE data, we studied economic losses associated with hailstorms occurring in central Europe and looked for long-term changes. The trend in hail losses and the annual number of hail loss days since 1990 to 2018 are compared to that of meteorological conditions favorable for large hail as identified by ESSL’s Additive Regression Convective Hazards model. Both hail loss days and favorable environments show an upward trend, in particular since 2000.
Development of Guidelines for Accurate Measurement of Small Volume Parenteral Products Using Syringes
Authors: Jordan Melanie A. , Choksi Dimpa , Lombard Kelsey , Patton Lynn R.
Published: September 2019

Background: Syringes are commonly used in pharmacy compounding for the measurement of small volumes, especially in the preparation of sterile products for injection and infusion. However, there are no current official guidelines for the proper use of syringes in measuring small volumes. Objective: The purpose of this project was to determine the accuracy and precision of commercially available syringes in measuring small volumes during sterile product preparation to make recommendations for syringe size selection. Methods: To assess precision and accuracy of syringes, 3 separate investigators measured 5%, 10%, or 20% (n = 30 each) of the volume of a 1-, 3-, 5-, 10-, or 20-mL syringe with an attached 18G, 1½” needle by drawing sterile water for injection from a vial. Delivered volumes were measured gravimetrically using an electronic balance and converted to volume using the specific gravity of water (1.0). Accuracy is represented as the mean and standard deviation, while precision is represented as percent relative standard deviation. Differences were assessed using a 1-way analysis of variance with Bonferroni adjustments and significance set at P < .05. Results: Precision and accuracy were highly variable and often significantly ( P < .05) different compared to the theoretical volume delivered both within and between investigators. An increased likelihood of unacceptable error (>5%) was observed when less than 20% of the labeled capacity of a syringe was measured. Mean percent error ranged from 1.4% to 18.6%, despite manufacturer specification of ±5% accuracy, suggesting proper technique as a major factor in small-volume measurements. Conclusion: In addition to proper, validated training of syringe users, we recommend that users measure no less than 20% of the indicated volume of the syringe while choosing syringes as close as possible to the desired measurement. When possible, very small volumes should be diluted to meet the minimum volume of the smallest syringe available. Implementation of these recommendations will improve accurate dosing and, ultimately, patient safety.
The Role of Marketer-Generated Content in Customer Engagement Marketing
Authors: Meire Matthijs , Hewett Kelly , Ballings Michel , Kumar V. , Van den Poel Dirk
Published: September 2019

Despite the demonstrated importance of customer sentiment in social media for outcomes such as purchase behavior and of firms’ increasing use of customer engagement initiatives, surprisingly few studies have investigated firms’ ability to influence the sentiment of customers’ digital engagement. Many firms track buyers’ offline interactions, design online content to coincide with customers’ experiences, and face varied performance during events, enabling the modification of marketer-generated content to correspond to the event outcomes. This study examines the role of firms’ social media engagement initiatives surrounding customers’ experiential interaction events in influencing the sentiment of customers’ digital engagement. Results indicate that marketers can influence the sentiment of customers’ digital engagement beyond their performance during customers’ interactions, and for unfavorable event outcomes, informational marketer-generated content, more so than emotional content, can enhance customer sentiment. This study also highlights sentiment’s role as a leading indicator for customer lifetime value.
Calibrating self-reported church attendance questions in online surveys. Experimental evidence from the Italian context
Authors: Vezzoni Cristiano , Biolcati Ferruccio
Published: September 2019

Despite widespread use in survey research, the accuracy and validity of self-reported church attendance questions have often been debated. Since the seminal article by Hadaway et al. (1993), that this indicator leads to an overestimation of the number of regular churchgoers has entered common knowledge. However, no systematic work to improve the understanding and command of the measurement instrument has been carried out. This contribution analyses the effect of different formulations of the self-reported church attendance question in online questionnaires, by means of survey experiments on a sample of Italian Catholics. In particular the most common ‘how often’ version of the question is compared to an alternative version asking how many times respondents went to church in the last month. The experimental results show that, despite criticism, the ‘how often’ version remains the best option for obtaining information on individual religious practice in survey research. This version is robust to changes in the formulation of answer categories and produces more informative results for respondents with low attendance. Finally, the study supplies evidence consistent with the growing body of literature that underlines the role of religious identity and self-conception in answering questions on church attendance.
Labor Market and Labor Relations under the PT Governments
Authors: Colombi Ana Paula Fregnani , Krein José Dari
Published: September 2019

In its 12 years in government, Brazil’s Partido dos Trabalhadores (Workers’ Party—PT) promoted inclusion through the labor market and through consumption with an increase in labor flexibility. Despite an increase in employment and incomes, the increase in the heterogeneity of the labor market and in flexibilization has resulted in a deepening of the insecurity and vulnerability of workers in line with the new trends that contemporary capitalism imposes on labor. These trends are being deepened in the postimpeachment situation.

Em 12 anos de governo o PT promoveu um importante movimento de inclusão pelo mercado de trabalho e pelo consumo com avanço da flexibilidade laboral. Apesar do crescimento do emprego e da renda, o alargamento da heterogeneidade do mercado de trabalho e o avanço da flexibilização resultaram no aprofundamento da condição de insegurança e vulnerabilidade dos trabalhadores em linha com as novas tendências que o capitalismo contemporâneo impõe ao trabalho. Essas tendências estão sendo aprofundadas no cenário pós-impeachment.
Remembering the past and imagining the future: Partners’ responsiveness in specific events relates to relationship satisfaction and subjective well-being
Authors: Cao Xiancai , Wang Dahua , Wang Yan
Published: September 2019

Attachment theory indicates that romantic partners’ availability and responsiveness provide individuals with a sense of security and the repeated experience of which could have enduring effects on individuals’ subjective well-being and relationship outcomes. We proposed that retrieving episodic memory and episodic simulation related to secure-base support could also help individuals obtain information about partners’ responsiveness, which in turn would promote long-term subjective well-being and relationship satisfaction. To provide the evidence of this notion, the current study investigated the relationship between partner’s responsiveness in episodic memory/simulation of secure-base support and relationship satisfaction as well as subjective well-being. We recruited 136 young adults ( M age = 21.89, SD = 2.57) who were currently involved in a romantic relationship for at least 6 months. Participants completed measures of relationship satisfaction and subjective well-being; then, they provided specific episodic memory and simulations related to secure-base support as well as rated partners’ responsiveness in each event. Results indicated that partners’ responsiveness in both episodic memory and simulations was significantly positively related to participants’ relationship satisfaction and subjective well-being. These results provide novel implications for the function of episodic memory and episodic simulation of secure-base support in the attachment system.
Emotional Awareness Moderates the Association Between Discrimination and Emotional-Behavioral Problems: A Cross-Informant Study in Chinese Rural-to-Urban Migrant Youth
Authors: Lan Xiaoyu , Scrimin Sara , Moscardino Ughetta
Published: September 2019

The present study used a sample of Chinese rural-to-urban migrants in early adolescence to examine whether emotional awareness (EA) moderated the expected association between status-based discrimination and emotional-behavioral problems and whether patterns of associations differed across informants (self-report vs. teacher-report). A total of 169 migrant early adolescents (46.1% girls, age: 10-13 years) living in Shanghai completed self-report measures of discrimination and emotional-behavioral problems, while self-related and other-related EA were assessed via structured vignettes. Teachers were asked to evaluate their students’ emotional-behavioral problems. Linear regression analyses indicated that at high levels of discrimination, adolescents with higher EA-self reported having more emotional-behavioral problems than those with lower EA-self; in addition, adolescents with lower (as opposed to higher) EA-other were rated as more problematic by their teachers. Our findings suggest that school-based prevention or intervention programs may target EA-related abilities to minimize the adverse effects of discrimination on rural-to-urban migrants’ socioemotional adjustment.
The ABCB1 3435C > T polymorphism influences docetaxel transportation in ovarian cancer
Authors: Yin Beibei , Lu Ping , Liang Jing , Zhang Wei , Xin Meng , Pei Ke , Li Yan
Published: September 2019

Objective

To investigate the effect of the ATP-binding cassette transporter superfamily B member 1 gene ( ABCB1) 3435C > T single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) on docetaxel transportation in ovarian cancer cells.

Methods

ES-2 and SKOV3 cells were transfected with an ABCB1 3435C > T recombinant plasmid, and mRNA expression was detected by real-time PCR. The MTT assay was used to detect the toxicity of docetaxel. High-performance liquid chromatography determined the drug concentration in different cell models to evaluate intracellular accumulation, and a transmembrane resistance experiment was used to assess permeability and evaluate the effect of P-gp activity on drug transportation. A tumor-bearing mouse model was established to evaluate the effect of ABCB1 3435C > T on docetaxel resistance.

Results

P-gp was overexpressed in cells transfected with the ABCB1 3435C > T plasmid, leading to a significant increase in drug resistance to docetaxel. ABCB1 3435C/wild-type transfection significantly promoted the transport of docetaxel mediated by P-gp compared with ABCB1 3435T/mutant transfection.

Conclusion

P-gp encoded by the ABCB1 variant allele appears to be more efficient at transporting docetaxel compared with the wild-type allele. The ABCB1 3435C > T SNP dramatically affected the efflux ability of P-gp against docetaxel, and may influence P-gp expression and activity.
Camouflage of Skeletal Class III Malocclusion in an Adult Male Using Miniscrew Anchorage From the External Oblique Ridge in Conjunction With Face Mask Wear
Authors: Dhar Siddhartha
Published: September 2019

This article reports the successful camouflage of skeletal Class III malocclusion in a 20-year-old man through distalization of the mandibular dentition using miniscrew anchorage from the external oblique ridges of the mandible. In addition, maxillary face mask wear assisted in the closure of maxillary spacing without retroclination of maxillary incisors. This combination may be effective in the management of adult Class III skeletal malocclusions that are amenable to camouflage therapy.
The Politician’s Child: Growing Up in the Public Eye of Modern Britain, c. 1970–2000s
Authors: Hurren Elizabeth T.
Published: September 2019

“The Politician’s Child” investigates childhoods lived in the public eye of modern British politics, c. 1970s–2000s. It engages with diaries, memoirs, autobiographies, biographies, and newspaper interviews in which former politicians revealed private aspects of their children’s lives in return for a publishing advance on leaving public office. The educational, social, and medical problems that political parents create for their offspring have often been neglected in histories of the family and political life. These are essential to study since they reveal a complex matrix of social and political worlds, which contrast with the public histories of the family that politicians pen.
The “Outside-In” Lesion of Hip Impingement and the “Inside-Out” Lesion of Hip Dysplasia: Two Distinct Patterns of Acetabular Chondral Injury
Authors: Kraeutler Matthew J. , Goodrich Jesse A. , Fioravanti Matthew J. , Garabekyan Tigran , Mei-Dan Omer
Published: September 2019

Background:

Femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) and acetabular dysplasia lead to acetabular cartilage damage that commonly results in the chondral flaps seen during hip arthroscopy.

Purpose:

To compare the acetabular chondral flap morphology seen during hip arthroscopy (“outside-in” vs “inside-out”) with clinical and radiographic parameters underlying FAI and hip dysplasia.

Study Design:

Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3.

Methods:

Patients who underwent hip arthroscopy by the senior author between 2013 and 2017 with a finding of Outerbridge grade IV acetabular chondral flap were included. Each procedure was retrospectively reviewed on video and chondral flaps were categorized as inside-out or outside-in. An inside-out designation was made for flaps exhibiting an intact chondrolabral junction with a detached sleeve of chondrolabral tissue from the central acetabulum, and an outside-in designation was made for centrally anchored flaps exhibiting a break in the chondrolabral junction. Radiographic markers of hip impingement/dysplasia were noted for each patient during assignment into 1 of 2 radiographic groups: group 1, lateral center edge angle (LCEA) >20 with FAI, and group 2, LCEA ≤20 with or without cam FAI. Associations between chondral flap morphology and clinical diagnosis were tested using a chi-square test.

Results:

Overall, 95 patients (103 hips) were included (group 1, 78 hips; group 2, 25 hips). Among hips in group 2, 24 had concurrent cam FAI. There was a significant relationship between chondral flap type and radiographic diagnosis ( P < .001). Among group 1 hips, 78% exhibited outside-in type chondral flaps, 12% exhibited combined outside-in and inside-out flaps, and 10% exhibited inside-out flaps. Group 2 hips showed 72% inside-out type chondral flaps, 16% combined, and 12% outside-in. Hips exhibiting outside-in type flaps were significantly more likely to be in group 1 (positive predictive value [PPV], 91%; negative predictive value [NPV], 69%). Similarly, hips exhibiting inside-out type flaps were significantly more likely to be in group 2 (PPV, 56%; NPV, 95%). Altogether, 90% of group 1 hips exhibited an outside-in lesion and 88% of group 2 hips exhibited an inside-out lesion.

Conclusion:

Acetabular chondral flap type visualized during hip arthroscopy correlates with radiographic markers of hip impingement and hip instability. Outside-in flaps are highly predictive of FAI, whereas inside-out flaps are highly predictive of acetabular dysplasia.
Introduction to special issue: The sociology of Randall Collins
Authors: Malešević Siniša , Loyal Steven
Published: September 2019

This introduction to a special issue outlines the significance of Randall Collins’s contribution to sociology. The first section briefly reviews Collins’s main books and assesses their impact on social science. The second section offers a summary overview of the papers that comprise the special issue.
The Utility of the Timed Up-and-Go Test in Predicting Cognitive Performance: A Cross-Sectional Study of Independent Living Adults in a Retirement Community
Authors: Van Patten Ryan , Lee Ellen E. , Graham Sarah A. , Depp Colin A. , Kim Ho-Cheol , Jeste Dilip V. , Twamley Elizabeth W.
Published: September 2019

Physical, emotional, and cognitive changes are well documented in aging populations. We administered a comprehensive battery of mental and physical health measures and the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA; a cognitive screening tool) to 93 independently living older adults (OAs) residing in a Continuing Care Senior Housing Community. Performance on the Timed Up-and-Go (TUG) test (a measure of functional mobility) correlated more strongly with the MoCA total score than did measures of aging, psychiatric symptoms, sleep, and both self-report and objective physical health. Furthermore, it was associated with MoCA Attention, Language, Memory, and Visuospatial/Executive subscales. The MoCA-TUG relationship remained significant after controlling for demographic and physical/mental health measures. Given that the TUG explained significantly more variance in broad cognitive performance than a comprehensive battery of additional physical and mental health tests, it may function as a multimodal measure of health in OAs, capturing physical changes and correlating with cognitive measures.
Electrospun poly(3-hydroxybutyrate)/chicken feather-derived keratin scaffolds: Fabrication, in vitro and in vivo biocompatibility evaluation
Authors: Zarei Moein , Tanideh Nader , Zare Shahrokh , Aslani Fatemeh Sari , Koohi-Hosseinabadi Omid , Rowshanghias Aida , Pourjavaheri Firoozeh , Mehryar Pouyan , Muthuraj Rajendran
Published: September 2019

Keratin was extracted from chicken feather to produce scaffolds with poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (P(3HB)) for tissue engineering applications. The scaffolds with different concentrations (10%, 20%, and 30%) of keratin were produced by electrospinning. The keratin presence in the produced scaffold was confirmed by FTIR analysis. The surface wettability of the P(3HB)/keratin scaffold was much higher compared to neat P(3HB) scaffold because of hydrophilic nature of the keratin. All the scaffolds showed over 80% porosity with an average fiber diameter of less than 750 nm. Mechanical properties of the P(3HB) scaffolds with up to 20% keratin were superior compared to neat P(3HB) scaffold. However, the mechanical properties of the P(3HB)/keratin scaffolds were deteriorated when the keratin concentration was 30% in the scaffold. The observed mechanical properties reduction was mainly attributed to the poor interaction between the keratin and P(3HB) matrix. Due to better biocompatibility of keratin, cell culture studies suggested that the P(3HB)/keratin scaffolds can have better cell attachment and proliferation compared to the neat P(3HB) scaffold. Owing to good biological response and mechanical properties, the P(3HB)/keratin scaffolds with an optimal concentration of keratin (20%) could be used as potential material for tissue engineering application.
Experimental analysis of cell pattern on grid fin aerodynamics in subsonic flow
Authors: Tripathi Manish , Sucheendran Mahesh M , Misra Ajay
Published: September 2019

Grid fins consisting of a lattice of high aspect ratio planar members encompassed by an outer frame are unconventional control surfaces used on numerous missiles and bombs due to their enhanced lifting characteristics at high angles of attack and across wider Mach number regimes. The current paper accomplishes and compares the effect of different grid fin patterns on subsonic flow aerodynamics of grid fins by virtue of the determination of their respective aerodynamic forces. Furthermore, this study deliberates the impact of gap variation on aerodynamics of different patterns. Results enunciate enhanced aerodynamic efficiency, and lift slope for web-fin cells and single diamond patterns compared to the baseline model. Moreover, the study indicates improved aerodynamic performance for diamond patterns with higher gaps by providing elevated maximum lift coefficient, delayed stall angle, and comparable drag at lower angles. The study established the presence of an additional effect termed as the inclination effect alongside the cascade effect leading to deviations with respect to lift, stall, and aerodynamic efficiency amongst different gap variants of the individual patterns. Thus, optimization based on the aerodynamic efficiency, stall angle requirements, and construction cost by optimum pattern and gap selection can be carried out through this analysis, which can lead to elevated aerodynamic performance for grid fins.
Is science for atheists? Perceived threat to religious cultural authority explains U.S. Christians’ distrust in secularized science
Authors: Simpson Ain , Rios Kimberly
Published: September 2019

A history of perceived conflict between religion and science persists in the U.S. “culture wars” that juxtapose religious and secular worldviews. As modern societies grow increasingly secular, religion is often deemed an impediment to science-based policy-making, whereas science is increasingly associated with atheism. In the present research, we addressed how perceived science–atheism associations affect U.S. Christians’ attitudes toward science. In study 1, participants’ own estimates of atheists’ prevalence in science uniquely predicted distrust in science, and study 2 revealed a causal effect of perceived prevalence of atheists on distrust in science. Studies 3–4 (the latter preregistered) manipulated the concept of science–atheism associations more generally, revealing the same effects. These effects were mediated by the belief that scientists are anti-religion, not by moral distrust toward atheists or fundamentalist religious beliefs. Hence, Christians’ institutional distrust in secularized science may derive largely from a perceived threat to the cultural status of religion.
Nuclear governmentality: Governing nuclear security and radiation risk in post-Fukushima Japan
Authors: Nadesan Majia Holmer
Published: September 2019

Nuclear governmentality is offered as a conceptual contribution to research on energy politics, security studies, and nuclearity. Nuclear governmentality is conceived as a logic of government in the Foucauldian sense, that describes contiguities in conduct and symbolic representations found across disparate dispositifs, especially (albeit not exclusively) those strategically aimed at eliciting and exploiting atomic forces in medicine, industry, and war. This project demonstrates the logic and technologies of power specific to nuclear governmentality in post-Fukushima Daiichi energy commitments, evacuation policies, risk assessments, and health surveillance programs. Nuclear governmentality is at once modern in its adaptation of regimes of risk management and anachronistic in its prioritization of sovereign decisionality in their developments and deployments, especially evident in the legal principle of the minimum standard and the instrument of the permissible dose.
An Anthropological Analysis of Evil Eye, Evil Spirits, and Ancestral Spirits Afflictions: Parengi Porja Tribal Women Views About Illness Etiologies and Its Treatment Practices
Authors: V. Srividhya Samakya , Naidu T. Subramanyam
Published: September 2019

This article aims to understand the perception of Parengi Porja’s ways of illness treatments and health management. The Parengi Porja is a Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Population (PVTG), inhabiting the hilly regions of Visakhapatnam district, Andhra Pradesh, India. They strongly believe in supernatural agents as being the cause of illness. For this study, the Parengi Porja tribal mothers were purposively selected from five villages situated in the study district. We used participant observation, in-depth interviews, focus group discussions, case studies, and semistructured interview schedules. We conducted five focus group discussions (FGDs) to understand the reasons for illness, and its diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. Data types include demographic variables, incidences of illnesses, and their management. The study shows that this tribal population has its own understanding about the illness etiology and management strategy to regain healthy life.
Lessons Lost: What We Learned About Automation in Aviation Can Be Applied to Autonomous Vehicles
Authors: Gawron Valerie
Published: September 2019

As research related to automation in aviation evolved from human factors to cognitive engineering and from automation to autonomy, a whole generation of research has been forgotten. With one third of the engineering work force retired or retiring, in the next 10 years (Bureau of Labor Statistics, 2018) the lessons of the past are being lost. To preserve some of the lessons learned, I wrote seven articles that are currently on The MITRE Corporation web site. This series summarizes both the research and the accident analyses conducted from 1970 through 2000 related to automation in commercial aviation.
The Role of Evaluation in Gifted Program Development: Coordinators’ Portraits of Progress
Authors: VanTassel-Baska Joyce
Published: September 2019

This article presents a description of the potential impacts from six different school-based evaluations, based on the perceptions of program coordinators and evaluators 1 to 3 years after the evaluation was conducted. It shares data on what recommendations of the evaluation were implemented and the rationale behind these decisions. Coordinators also commented on the perceived value and benefit of having the evaluation conducted and provided thoughts about having an evaluation conducted in the future. The article concludes with a set of lessons learned from the evaluation experience.
Gifted Program Evaluation: Catalyst for Change or Keeper of the Culture
Authors: Robbins Janice I.
Published: September 2019

This article presents a view of barriers to effective gifted program evaluation resulting from ineffective tools for measuring growth in gifted students and the human barriers confounding the evaluation process. The role of advocacy in the design, implementation, and utilization of evaluation studies is examined. Long held beliefs and biases related to gifted education are recognized as influencing program evaluations. The recognition of the strengths and challenges inherent in the educational role of specific stakeholder groups is presented. Suggestions for developing an emerging cadre of advocates for gifted education are detailed.
A Review of the National Gifted Standards Implementation in Eight Districts: An Uneven Picture of Practice
Authors: VanTassel-Baska Joyce , Hubbard Gail Fischer
Published: September 2019

This article presents the results of a review of eight gifted programs, using the 2010 National Association for Gifted Children (NAGC) program standards as one basis for assessing the programs. Each of the six standards is reviewed in respect to the extent that programs addressed underlying indicators. Findings showed that districts met slightly over 50% of indicators for three standards. For the other three standards, only 31% to 37% of the indicators were met through district gifted programs. Areas of greatest need for further program development include developing planning tools for curriculum implementation, monitoring of program implementation efficacy, establishing the routine use of content acceleration in all subjects, and developing counseling support for gifted learners.