bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Morbidity through 3 Years of Age in Children of Women Using Methamphetamine during Pregnancy: A National Registry Study
Authors: Gabrhelík Roman , Skurtveit Svetlana , Nechanská Blanka , Mravčík Viktor , Handal Marte
Published: November 2022

Background: There is a lack of studies on methamphetamine (MA) exposure and morbidity in children beyond the perinatal period. Objectives: We compared morbidity in children (0–3 years) with prenatal MA exposure to opioid-exposed and to non-exposed children. Methods: We used data from a Czech nationwide, registry-based cohort study (2000–2014). Children, who reached 3 years of age, of mothers hospitalized with (i) MA use disorder during pregnancy (MA; n = 194), (ii) opioid use disorder during pregnancy (opioids; n = 166), and (iii) general population (GP; n = 1,294,349) with no recorded history of substance use disorder (SUD). Information on inpatient contacts, length of stay, and diagnoses (International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems 10th Revision [ICD-10]) were assessed. Crude and adjusted odds ratios (aOR), 95% confidence interval (CI) for the risk of hospitalization, and for getting diagnosis from the ICD-10 diagnosis chapters were calculated using binary logistic regression. A stratified analysis on hospitalizations with SUD of mothers was performed. Results: No significant differences were found in the measures of hospitalization between the MA and opioid groups. Children prenatally exposed to MA and opioids had higher numbers of hospitalizations and diagnoses and longer stays in hospital than children in the GP. Increased risks of certain infectious and parasitic diseases were found in both MA (aOR = 1.6; CI: 1.1–2.3) and opioid (aOR = 1.9; 1.3–2.8) groups as compared to the GP group. The most pronounced difference in stratified analysis on maternal hospitalizations related to SUD after birth was observed for injury, poisoning, and certain other consequences of external causes in the strata of the MA group who had hospitalized mothers (aOR 6.3, 1.6–24.6) compared to the strata without maternal hospitalizations (aOR 1.4, 0.9–2.3). Conclusion: This study suggests that children born to mothers using MA during pregnancy have similar morbidity during the first 3 years of life but higher than the GP. The excess of risk was primarily due to infections and injuries in the MA group.
Sequential Use of High-Volume Plasma Exchange and Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy in Hepatitis B Virus-Related Acute Liver Failure: A Case Report
Authors: Bragança Sofia , Ferraz Mário , Germano Nuno
Published: November 2022

Background: Acute liver failure (ALF) may represent an indication for liver transplantation (LT). However, in patients who do not meet the criteria or who have contraindications for LT, support measures remain indicated since they may improve survival. Continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) can be considered in the presence of hyperammonemia, 3 times above the upper normal limit, and hepatic encephalopathy (HE), even in the absence of the classic indications. High-volume plasma exchange (HVPE) is an artificial liver support system with proven benefits in ALF, allowing ammonia and inflammatory mediator clearance. Both techniques, HVPE and CRRT, are associated with an increase in transplant-free survival. Case Summary: We share a case of a 51-year-old male, without relevant personal history, diagnosed with severe acute hepatitis B which progressed to ALF, with grade IV HE (West-Haven criteria) and hyperammonemia (423 μg/dL). Due to the simultaneously diagnosed malignant neoplasm, he was not a candidate for LT. After refractory to medical therapy, HVPE was started, followed by CRRT. There was a significant improvement in liver tests, allowing surgical treatment of malignancy. After recovery, the patient returned to his everyday life. Conclusion: The authors present a successful case in which an early and invasive approach to ALF was revealed to be a game changer. The lack of response to the measures instituted, as well as the contraindication for LT, motivated the institution of HVPE and CRRT. Both techniques proved to be an asset, allowing complete clinical recovery, reaffirming their role in ALF.
Possible Role of Image-Enhanced Endoscopy in the Evaluation of Mucosal Healing of Ulcerative Colitis
Authors: Matsuura Minoru , Saito Daisuke , Miyoshi Jun , Hisamatsu Tadakazu
Published: November 2022

Background: Mucosal healing (MH) is recognized as a therapeutic target in ulcerative colitis (UC) because of evidence that it is associated with favorable clinical outcomes. Current endoscopic assessment of MH by conventional white-light endoscopy is subject to several important clinical issues including the subjective nature of assessment, intra- and interobserver variability, and persistent microscopic inflammation, even in mucosa it was observed as quiescent on conventional endoscopy. Summary: Advances in image-enhancement technologies enable the provision of high-contrast images that emphasize the mucosal structures, blood vessel patterns, and color tones of the intestinal mucosa, and recently, several image-enhanced endoscopy (IEE) techniques have become available for the assessment of MH in UC. Narrow-band imaging and dual-red imaging facilitate visualization of mucosal vascular structures, which is useful for detecting minor inflammation and predicting relapse because of the capturing of information on incomplete vascular regeneration in patients with UC. Linked-color imaging (LCI) is optimized to emphasize the redness of the mucosa and blood vessels, and is superior for depicting subtle color changes arising from mucosal inflammation. LCI could possibly be used to stratify UC patients with MH on conventional endoscopy. Autofluorescence imaging and i-scan can also depict subtle histological changes underlying the healing of mucosa in UC, revealing them as simple color changes. Key Messages: Accumulating evidence suggests that IEE techniques could overcome current unmet needs in the endoscopic assessment of MH in UC and contribute to improving therapy based on treat-to-target strategies.
Neuromorphic Engineering: In Memory of Misha Mahowald
Authors: Mead Carver
Published: November 2022

We review the coevolution of hardware and software dedicated to neuromorphic systems. From modest beginnings, these disciplines have become central to the larger field of computation. In the process, their biological foundations become more relevant, and their realizations increasingly overlap. We identify opportunities for significant steps forward in both the near and more distant future.
Incidence and determinants of maternal sepsis in Ghana in the midst of a pandemic
Authors: Noora Charles Lwanga , Manu Adom , Addo-Lartey Adolphina , Mohammed Abdul Gafaru , Ameme Donne Kofi , Kenu Ernest , Torpey Kwasi , Adanu Richard
Published: November 2022

Background

Despite being preventable, maternal sepsis continues to be a significant cause of death and morbidity, killing one in every four pregnant women globally. In Ghana, clinicians have observed that maternal sepsis is increasingly becoming a major contributor to maternal mortality. The lack of a consensus definition for maternal sepsis before 2017 created a gap in determining global and country-specific burden of maternal sepsis and its risk factors. This study determined the incidence and risk factors of clinically proven maternal sepsis in Ghana.

Methods

We conducted a prospective cohort study among 1476 randomly selected pregnant women in six health facilities in Ghana, from January to September 2020. Data were collected using primary data collection tools and reviewing the client’s charts. We estimated the incidence rate of maternal sepsis per 1,000 pregnant women per person-week. Poisson regression model and the cox-proportional hazard regression model estimators were used to assess risk factors associated with the incidence of maternal sepsis at a 5% significance level.

Results

The overall incidence rate of maternal sepsis was 1.52 [95% CI: 1.20–1.96] per 1000 person-weeks. The majority of the participants entered the study at 10–13 weeks of gestation. The study participants' median body mass index score was 26.4 kgm−2 [22.9—30.1 kgm−2]. The risk of maternal sepsis was 4 times higher among women who developed urinary tract infection after delivery compared to those who did not (aHR: 4.38, 95% CI: 1.58–12.18, p < 0.05). Among those who developed caesarean section wound infection after delivery, the risk of maternal sepsis was 3 times higher compared to their counterparts (aHR: 3.77, 95% CI: 0.92–15.54, p < 0.05). Among pregnant women who showed any symptoms 14 days prior to exit from the study, the risk was significantly higher among pregnant women with a single symptom (aHR: 6.1, 95% CI: 2.42–15.21, p < 0.001) and those with two or more symptoms (aHR: 17.0, 95% CI: 4.19–69.00, p < 0.001).

Conclusions

Our findings show a low incidence of maternal sepsis in Ghana compared to most Low and Middle-Income Countries. Nonetheless, Maternal sepsis remains an important contributor to the overall maternal mortality burden. It is essential clinicians pay more attention to ensure early and prompt diagnosis. Factors significantly predicting maternal sepsis in Ghana were additional maternal morbidity, urinary tract infections, dysuria, and multiple symptoms. We recommend that Ghana Health Service should institute a surveillance system for maternal sepsis as a monthly reportable disease.
Variation in carbon and nitrogen concentrations among peatland categories at the global scale
Authors: Watmough Shaun , Gilbert-Parkes Spencer , Basiliko Nathan , Lamit Louis J. , Lilleskov Erik A. , Andersen Roxanne , del Aguila-Pasquel Jhon , Artz Rebekka E. , Benscoter Brian W. , Borken Werner , Bragazza Luca , Brandt Stefani M. , Bräuer Suzanna L. , Carson Michael A. , Chen Xin , Chimner Rodney A. , Clarkson Bev R. , Cobb Alexander R. , Enriquez Andrea S. , Farmer Jenny , Grover Samantha P. , Harvey Charles F. , Harris Lorna I. , Hazard Christina , Hoyt Alison M. , Hribljan John , Jauhiainen Jyrki , Juutinen Sari , Kane Evan S. , Knorr Klaus-Holger , Kolka Randy , Könönen Mari , Laine Anna M. , Larmola Tuula , Levasseur Patrick A. , McCalley Carmody K. , McLaughlin Jim , Moore Tim R. , Mykytczuk Nadia , Normand Anna E. , Rich Virginia , Robinson Bryce , Rupp Danielle L. , Rutherford Jasmine , Schadt Christopher W. , Smith Dave S. , Spiers Graeme , Tedersoo Leho , Thu Pham Q. , Trettin Carl C. , Tuittila Eeva-Stiina , Turetsky Merritt , Urbanová Zuzana , Varner Ruth K. , Waldrop Mark P. , Wang Meng , Wang Zheng , Warren Matt , Wiedermann Magdalena M. , Williams Shanay T. , Yavitt Joseph B. , Yu Zhi-Guo , Zahn Geoff
Published: November 2022

Peatlands account for 15 to 30% of the world’s soil carbon (C) stock and are important controls over global nitrogen (N) cycles. However, C and N concentrations are known to vary among peatlands contributing to the uncertainty of global C inventories, but there are few global studies that relate peatland classification to peat chemistry. We analyzed 436 peat cores sampled in 24 countries across six continents and measured C, N, and organic matter (OM) content at three depths down to 70 cm. Sites were distinguished between northern (387) and tropical (49) peatlands and assigned to one of six distinct broadly recognized peatland categories that vary primarily along a pH gradient. Peat C and N concentrations, OM content, and C:N ratios differed significantly among peatland categories, but few differences in chemistry with depth were found within each category. Across all peatlands C and N concentrations in the 10–20 cm layer, were 440 ± 85.1 g kg-1and 13.9 ± 7.4 g kg-1, with an average C:N ratio of 30.1 ± 20.8. Among peatland categories, median C concentrations were highest in bogs, poor fens and tropical swamps (446–532 g kg-1) and lowest in intermediate and extremely rich fens (375–414 g kg-1). The C:OM ratio in peat was similar across most peatland categories, except in deeper samples from ombrotrophic tropical peat swamps that were higher than other peatlands categories. Peat N concentrations and C:N ratios varied approximately two-fold among peatland categories and N concentrations tended to be higher (and C:N lower) in intermediate fens compared with other peatland types. This study reports on a unique data set and demonstrates that differences in peat C and OM concentrations among broadly classified peatland categories are predictable, which can aid future studies that use land cover assessments to refine global peatland C and N stocks.
The Tower
Authors: Bradney Anthony
Published: November 2022

The image of the tower is a potent symbol in many cultures. In the ‘Epilogue’ in Blackstone’s Tower, Twining referred to the Eiffel Tower with respect to his book. This article will instead look at the Tower of Babel, the concept of the ivory tower and the tower in which Montaigne composed his essays. It will ask what lessons universities and their law schools can learn from reflecting on these mythical and real towers.

Keywords: Tower of Babel; Montaigne’s Tower; ivory tower.
Introduction to the Special Section
Authors: Stychin Carl F
Published: November 2022

Introduction to the Special Section.
A National Emergency or a Public Health Crisis? Reflecting on the 2020 and 2021 Manx Responses to the Global Pandemic
Authors: Edge Peter W
Published: November 2022

The Isle of Man, a self-governing Crown Dependency, developed its own response to the global pandemic, including strict border controls and periods of lockdown. In 2020, this was given legal effect through the declaration of a formal State of Emergency, while, in 2021, similar measures were implemented under public health legislation without a State of Emergency. Framing the 2021 lockdowns as a public health crisis led to a more tightly focused response than the 2020 framing as a national emergency. Within this narrower range, however, the structure of the public health legislation as implemented provided less democratic accountability than the emergency powers legislation and reduced the emphasis given to the rules as laws, leading to a decrease in formality in relation to both creation and publication of these legal rules, and exacerbating a blurring between law and advice. These disadvantages were not, however, intrinsic to the public health legislation itself, and if corrected the public health response is to be preferred.

Keywords: pandemic; State of Emergency; public health, Isle of Man.
Death, Burials and Funerals
Authors: Chan Hui Yun
Published: November 2022

Covid-19 has radically upended death and dying. Restrictive measures aimed at containing the spread of infections have resulted in a simplification or abandonment of many social and cultural practices related to burials, funerals and mourning. This article aims to examine how the pandemic has affected burials, funeral practices and mourning. It analyses the extent to which the restrictions balance the need to protect public health and the opportunity for mourners to honour the deceased. A consideration of the implications for surviving families and the wider community is important for future pandemic preparations.

Keywords: pandemic; death; burial; funeral; grief; mourning.
A GEODIVERSIDADE DO MUNICÍPIO DE VOLTA REDONDA, RIO DE JANEIRO
Authors: Dias José Eduardo , Gomes Olga Venimar de Oliveira , Silva Jorge Xavier da , Goes Maria Hilde de Barros
Published: November 2022

Neste trabalho será abordada a geodiversidade do município de Volta Redonda, RJ. Para elaboração dos mapas digitais de geodiversidade, considerou-se como base o mapa de geomorfologia, a partir do qual foram computados as ocorrências de classes dos outros parâmetros físicos, antrópicos e bióticos da área estudada (Uso Ocupação do Solo/Cobertura Vegetal, Altitude, Solos, Declividade e Geologia). Para os cômputos planimétricos utilizou-se o Programa de Assinatura Ambiental do software SAGA/UFRJ.
A DINÂMICA URBANA: UMA LEITURA DA CIDADE E DA QUALIDADE DE VIDA NO URBANO
Authors: Pizzol Katia Maria Santos de Andrade
Published: November 2022

A qualidade do ambiente urbano está relacionada aos aspectos físicos, psicológicos e visuais da paisagem. Sendo assim, é fundamental para a cidade a presença de espaços livres contendo áreas verdes, pois a vegetação está intrinsecamente relacionada à melhoria e manutenção da qualidade ambiental urbana. Assim, o objetivo desse estudo é levantar junto à população de uma área urbana, do setor sul-sudeste da cidade de João Pessoa, quais suas expectativas de qualidade de vida dentro do urbano.
DEGRADAÇÃO AMBIENTAL E NOVAS TERRITORIALIDADES NO EXTREMO SUL DA BAHIA
Authors: Amorim Raul Reis , Oliveira Regina Célia de
Published: November 2022

O Extremo Sul da Bahia apresenta naturalmente grande fragilidade ambiental. Esta fragilidade está diretamente ligada a fatores naturais como: a cobertura sedimentar de origem terciária e quaternária; os grandes índices pluviométricos; e das baixas declividades. Tais fatores tornam a área susceptível a processos erosivos. O avanço da ocupação em direção ao interior deu-se de maneira bastante lenta, no entanto, a partir da década de 40 todas as Mesoformas foram intensamente ocupadas, o que alterou os aspectos morfogenéticos e acentuou a fragilidade ambiental da região, intensificando a ação das enchentes, abreviando os processos erosivos e os movimentos de massa, acelerando o desmatamento (diminuindo a biodiversidade) e alterando a dinâmica climática. O objetivo deste trabalho é caracterizar como se deu o uso e a ocupação da região Extremo Sul da Bahia, identificando as principais transformações na paisagem, associando a dinâmica demográfica e as transformações no uso a partir de 1945. Concluiu-se que o processo de ocupação do Extremo Sul da Bahia tem se intensificado na segunda metade do século XX, dinamizou a economia local que causou a degradação socioambienal da área, podendo identificar-se algumas conseqÃ¼ências mais marcantes para a região: a devastação da Mata Atlântica; o uso inadequado do solo; agravamento da fragilidade ambiental; crescimento acelerado do contingente populacional, e surgimento de novas cidades, atingindo o maior índice de urbanização do Estado.
Ciudadanía digital: una nueva dimensión de ciudadanía para los jóvenes de Villavicencio
Authors: Moreno Rivas Anamaría
Published: November 2022

La ciudadanía siempre ha sido un concepto en constante transformación y de múltiples dimensiones. En este trabajo se realiza una aproximación a los conceptos de ciudadanía y de ciudadanía digital. Después se contrasta el concepto de ciudadanía digital con los postulados de Adela Cortina en su libro Ciudadanos del mundo. Finalmente se realiza una reflexión sobre si la adopción de una ciudadanía digital por los jóvenes de Villavicencio puede impulsar la participación ciudadana activa de estos.
Libertad religiosa en Colombia: ¿utopía o realidad?
Authors: Barrios Osorio Lady Katherine
Published: November 2022

Se establecen las causas por las cuales la discriminación constituye un acto de violencia contra los individuos y los colectivos; y luego de determinar el alcance y contenido del derecho a la libertad religiosa, reconocido tanto en el marco jurídico internacional como en el nacional a la luz de los derechos humanos, se precisan las conductas sociales constitutivas de discriminación religiosa, como violencia cultural o simbólica, y su impacto en el ámbito personal como social. Finalmente,se analizan los mecanismos de protección existentes en Colombia para las víctimas y se entregan herramientas de carácter social y legal con el fin de garantizar el libre ejercicio del derecho a la libertad religiosa en el marco de una sociedad democrática y pluralista.
Disseminated purulent peritonitis outcome affects NKT cell phenotype
Authors: Savchenko Andrey A. , Borisov Alexandr G. , Kudryavtsev Igor V. , Belenjuk V. D.
Published: November 2022

The aim of our study was to investigate the main characteristics of peripheral blood NKT cell phenotype in patients with disseminated purulent peritonitis (DPP) in dynamics of postoperative period, depending on the disease outcome. Fifty-two patients with acute surgical diseases and injuries of the abdominal organs complicated by DPP, and 68 healthy individuals in control group, were examined. Blood sampling was performed before surgery (preoperative period), as well as on the day 7, 14 and 21 of postoperative period. All patients with DPP were divided into two groups depending on disease outcome in postoperative period: patients with favorable disease outcome (n = 34); and patients with unfavorable outcome (n = 18). Study of the phenotype of blood NKT lymphocytes was performed by flow cytometry using direct immunofluorescence of whole peripheral blood samples with monoclonal antibodies. The low relative and absolute level of NKT cells was observed in DPP patients regardless of outcome disease in preoperative period. At the same time, the absolute level of NKT cells returned to normal only in patients with favorable DPP outcome and only by day 21 after surgery. Patients with favorable DPP outcome by the end of examination period had normalized quantity of mature NKT-lymphocytes and significantly decreased level of cytotoxic cells which was apparently associated with migration of such cell subsets to site of inflammation. A reduced level of non-classical (expressing CD8 marker) mature and cytokine-producing NKT cells was detected only in patients with favorable DPP outcome in preoperative period which returned to normal by the end of postoperative period. At the same time, patients with unfavorable disease outcome had reduced quantity of NKT cells of these subsets by day 21 of postoperative treatment. Patients with favorable outcome had high level of mature and cytotoxic CD11b+ NKT cells already in the preoperative period, while patients with unfavorable DPP outcome had increased level of cytotoxic CD11b+ NKT cells only by day 21 after surgery. The proportion of NKT cells expressing activation markers (CD28 and CD57) was reduced in patients in preoperative period that returned to normal immediately after surgery with favorable outcome, while it recovered with unfavorable outcome closer to the end of postoperative examination. The defined features of NKT cell phenotype in patients with unfavorable DPP outcome characterize disturbances in subset ratio and mechanisms of functioning of this cell fraction. This determines a need to develop immunotherapeutic methods aimed at stimulating immunoregulatory activity of NKT cells.
Korhogo motorcycle taxi contractors facing taxes
Authors: Kouassi Koffi Noel , Zirihi Yerehonon Jean , Gnan Olivier
Published: November 2022

The objective of this text is to analyze the power relations between the tax administration and the entrepreneurs of Taxis- motos in the context of the collection of taxes relating to public transport activities in Korhogo . The qualitative approach was favored in the production and analysis of data. The results were produced from interviews carried out with motorcycle taxi entrepreneurs, city hall officials and tax officials. The interviews were transcribed and edited manually. We have proceeded to the analysis of the discourses, strategies and logics which constitute the register of action of each stakeholder at work in the governance of motorcycle taxis. Born in a context of strong mobility constraints, in the first hours of the socio-political crisis of 2002, Korhogo's motorcycle taxis gradually established themselves as key players in the city's urban landscape. The strong commitment of young urban and rural people to this activity, due to the generalized situation of unemployment, gave it a boost and prompted “the new self-proclaimed authorities” of the city to take it over to organize it. Thus, for more than a decade, Korhogo's motorcycle taxis have evolved in a climate of near-freedom. After the reunification of the country, the State adopted an action matrix favoring the employment of ex-combatants and young people at risk. It extends this register of favors enjoyed by motorcycle taxi entrepreneurs through tolerance vis-à-vis tax obligations. Recently, his desire to apply the tax provisions relating to the transport sector has met with opposition from taxi-motorcycle entrepreneurs who refuse to leave their enclave of freedom established by the war. In this situation, they mobilize resources to stay in their lawless zone.
Comparing the efficacy of imaging techniques in detecting myometrial invasion, cervical involvement and pelvic lymph-nodal metastasis in endometrial cancer
Authors: YILMAZ Alpay , YILMAZ Fatih , ŞAHİN Hacı Öztürk , ÖZ ATALAY Fatma , UYSAL Dilek , OZAN Hakan
Published: November 2022

Aim: To compare sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive and negative predictive value of
preoperative imaging techniques for detecting myometrial invasion, cervix involvement, and alsopelvic
lymph nodal metastasis in endometrial cancer
Materials and Methods: The medical records of patients who underwent an operation for endometrial
cancer in the years between 2005 and 2017 were collected from the database at our institution.
Preoperative imaging reports of 252 ultrasonography (USG), 89 computerized tomographies (CT),147
magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of patients with endometrial cancer, and postoperative pathologic
reports were collected and compared.
Results: In our study 252 ultrasonography (USG), 89 computerized tomography (CT), 147 magnetic
resonance imaging (MRI) examinations were evaluated. Among deep myometrial invasion; all imaging
modalities have low specificities (respectively 26.7%, 37.9%, and 32.4%) but higher sensitivities
(respectively 68.5%, 79.1%, and 89.4%). To rule out cervical invasion all modalities have high and
comparable sensitivities (respectively 98.3%, 95.0%, and 87.0%). On the other hand, USG has
superiority to detect cervical invasion over CT and MRI (respectively 71.4%, 15.4%, and 22.7%). CT
has much highersensitivity than MRI for detection of pelvic lymph node metastasis (87.5% vs 53.1%).
Conclusion: Preoperative imaging modalities have high sensitivities for deep myometrial invasion, but
low detection rates for cervical involvement and pelvic lymph node metastasis. MRI should be the
preferred modality for myometrial invasion, on the other hand, The USG is much better to detect
cervical involvement. CT has superiority on other imaging modalities among lymph node metastasis.
Idiopathic Hypertrophy of Abductor Digiti Minimi Muscle: A Case Report
Authors: Jara Ana B. , Carrillo Manuela Quiroga , Ordóñez-Reyes Camila , Santos-Barros Martha , Mendoza Doris Ellianne , Montoya Diana Paola
Published: November 2022

Soft tissue masses of the foot are rare and diagnosis may be problematic. Surgical excision is the first-line treatment when a patient has discomfort, pain, or functional impairment. Few cases of hypertrophy of the abductor digiti minimi have been reported. To our knowledge, only four cases have been described in the literature. We present a case of a 6-year-old female patient diagnosed with hypertrophy of the abductor digiti minimi muscle of the left foot. We describe surgical treatment and clinical results after one year of follow-up.
Dark And Photoconductivity Behavior of CH3NH3PbI3 Thin Films Depending On Atmospheric Conditions
Authors: TAŞÇIOĞLU Ayşegül , YILMAZ Gökhan
Published: November 2022

Methylammonium lead iodide (MAPbI3) (CH3NH3PbI3) has great potential for several fields, especially for photovoltaic applications. Unfortunately, MAPbI3 can seriously suffer from degradation. Hence, the degradation problem limits the photovoltaic and other potential applications of this material. In order to produce a stable photovoltaic material, the degradation mechanism and electronic defect profile of MAPbI3 should be understood carefully, especially regarding its conductivity. In this study, electronic defect changes due to stress factors were evaluated. MAPbI3 films were deposited using thermal chemical vapor deposition (Thermal CVD) and spin coating techniques. Morphological differences due to deposition temperatures were defined by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Elemental analysis and structural analysis were conducted by energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and X- ray diffraction (XRD), respectively. Deposited MAPbI3 films were exposed to in-situ stress factors such as vacuum atmosphere, deionized water vapor (DIWV) atmosphere, and UV light soaking at constant temperature (300 K) in order to define degradation and electronic defect changes. The electronic changes in the samples were investigated by time-dependent dark conductivity, temperature-dependent dark conductivity, and flux-dependent photoconductivity. This study provides an in-depth understanding of the degradation mechanism and electronic defect profile of MAPbI3 regarding its conductivity.
Asymptotic Expressions of Fourth Order Sturm-Liouville Operator with Conjugate Conditions
Authors: CABRİ Olgun
Published: November 2022

In this paper, it is studied the asymptotic expression of fourth order differential operator with periodic boundary conditions. For this operator, it is also considered conjugate boundary conditions at x=0 which shows discontinuity. For this purpose, firstly asymptotic expression of solutions areobtained. Then by using the the asymptotic formulas of fundamental solutions, asymptotic expression of eigenvalues and eigenfunctions are presented. It is also dealt with the asymptotic expression of same operator with antiperiodic boundary conditions and conjugate conditions
Análisis de la Percepción Social del Parque Metropolitano Bicentenario, Toluca, México
Authors: Esquivel-Domínguez Ana Laura , Torres-González Leonardo Alberto , Cruz-Rodríguez Martha Vanessa
Published: November 2022

La finalidad de esta investigación es exponer la percepción social de los servicios ecosistémicos, principalmente los servicios culturales, por medio de la aplicación de una encuesta con respuestas tipo Likert, a una muestra de 116 personas que visitan el Parque Metropolitano Bicentenario. La encuesta arrojó la percepción de los participantes con relación a los valores que ofrece, directa e indirectamente, los servicios de las áreas verdes, como el esparcimiento, la reducción del estrés, el aire limpio y la armonía paisajística, entre otros.
Entre o árbitro e o juiz
Authors: Stangherlin Camila Silveira , Marion Spengler Fabiana
Published: November 2022

A heterocomposição de conflitos não está restrita à esfera judicial, já que a arbitragem – método impositivo proveniente da decisão de um terceiro, o árbitro – está regulada no sistema jurídico brasileiro há bastante tempo. Nesse sentido, o presente estudo tem por objetivo analisar os fatores culturais/sociais/normativos que contribuem para mantença da sentença judicial como caminho primordial para a resolução de conflitos, em detrimento da arbitragem, apesar da legislação vigente. O problema que move essa pesquisa busca responder: quais os principais aspectos que impedem a concretização da arbitragem como um mecanismo culturalmente aceito para a resolução de conflitos? O método de abordagem é hipotético-dedutivo e o método de procedimento é o monográfico, valendo-se de técnica bibliográfica, contendo exame da doutrina e legislação condizente ao tema. Como hipótese, tem-se a insuficiência de ações (políticas públicas) direcionadas à reconstrução de um paradigma cultural e/ou social que vislumbre na arbitragem um método seguro, adequado e confiável para resolução de determinados conflitos. A conclusão confirma a hipótese suscitada.
Sign Language Recognition System Using Machine Learning
Authors: Pawar Poonam , Mandage Nikita , Sasane Shreya , Ransing Sakshi , Swati Prof. Bhosle
Published: November 2022

Abstract: Voice and language is the main thing that people understand one with the other. We can understand thoughts through hearing each other. Even nowadays we can give commands using voice recognition. But what if one hears absolutely nothing and eventually can't speak. Sign language is the main communication tool for hearing impaired and mute people and also to ensure their independent lives, automatic sign language interpretation is an extensive area of research. With use of image processing and artificial intelligence, many techniques and algorithms have been developed in this area. Every sign language recognition system is trained to recognize characters and convert them into the desired pattern. The goal of the proposed system to provide speech to infants, in this document ambidextrous Indian Sign Language is captured as a series of images and is processed using Python and then converted to speech and text.
Determinan kemiskinan di Provinsi Jambi
Authors: Ronald Banito Fran , R Rachmad. , Zulfanetti Zulfanetti
Published: November 2022

Poverty is a global social problem, meaning that poverty is a problem that must be faced and a concern of many people. This study aims to analyze the development of poverty and the determinants of poverty in Jambi Province. This study uses a secondary data analysis method, and the data used is data from the Central Statistics Agency of Jambi Province. And the data used is the times series 2002-2019. This study uses multiple regression analysis with the level of poverty as the dependent variable, inflation, GRDP, Average Years of Schooling (RLS), Labor Force Participation Rate (TPAK), and Provincial Minimum Wage (UMP) as independent variables, and uses a dummy variable 1 Jambi Provincial government policies related to poverty reduction through the Jamkesda Program. The results of this study indicate that the development of the poverty rate in Jambi Province for the 2002-2019 period tends to decrease and that inflation, GRDP, RLS, UMP, and Dummy 1 (Jamkesda) have an effect significantly on the poverty rate in Jambi Province in the period 2002-2019.
Studi tentang kemiskinan di Kabupaten Batang Hari dan Kabupaten Muaro Jambi
Authors: Nasution Deyra Qatrunnada , Yulmardi Yulmardi , Hardiani Hardiani
Published: November 2022

The study aims to analyze: 1) the development of poverty levels, the poverty gap index and the poverty severity index in Batang Hari Regency and Muaro Jambi Regency; 2) differences in poverty levels, poverty gap index and poverty severity index between Batang Hari Regency and Muaro Jambi Regency. The data used are secondary data for the period 2002 - 2016, sourced from the Central Bureau of Statistics of Batang Hari Regency and Muaro Jambi Regency. Data were analyzed descriptively and used the Independent Sample T-test. The results of this study found that the average poverty rate in Batang Hari Regency during the period 2002 - 2016 was 13.37%, the poverty gap index was 1.87%, and the poverty severity index was 0.44%. In the same period, the average poverty rate in Muaro Jambi District was 6.51%, with the poverty gap index of 0.82%, and the poverty severity index of 0.17%. There were significant differences in poverty levels, the poverty gap index and the poverty severity index between Batang Hari District and Muaro Jambi District.
Data linkage can reduce the burden and increase the opportunities in the implementation of Value-Based Health Care policy: a study in patients with ulcerative colitis (PROUD-UC Study)
Authors: Walshe John David , Akbari Ashley , Hawthorne A Barney , Laing Hamish
Published: November 2022

IntroductionHealthcare systems face rising demand and unsustainable cost pressures. In response, health policymakers are adopting Value-Based Health Care (VBHC), targeting available resources to achieve the best possible patient outcomes at the lowest possible cost and actively disinvesting in care of low-value. This requires the evaluation of longitudinal clinical and patient reported outcome measures (PROMs) at an individual-level and population-scale, which can create significant data challenges. Achieving this through routinely collected electronic health record (EHR) data-linkage could facilitate the implementation of VBHC without an unacceptable data burden on patients or health systems and release time for higher-value activities.
ObjectivesOur study tested the ability to report an international, patient-centred outcome dataset (ICHOM-IBD) using only anonymised individual-level population-scale linked electronic health record (EHR) data sources, including clinical and patient-reported outcomes, in a cohort of patients with moderate-to-severe ulcerative colitis (UC), receiving biopharmaceutical therapies ("biologics") in a single, publicly funded, healthcare system.
ResultsWe identified a cohort of 17,632 patients with UC in Wales and a cohort from two Health Boards of 447 patients with UC receiving biologics. 112 of these patients had completed 866 condition-specific PROMs during their biologics treatment. 44 out of 59 (74.6%) items in the ICHOM-IBD could be derived from routinely collected data of which a primary care source was essential for eight items and desirable for 21.
ConclusionsWe demonstrated that it is possible to report most but not all the ICHOM-IBD outcomes using routinely collected data from multiple sources without additional system burden, potentially supporting Value-Based Health Care implementation with population data science. As digital collection of PROMs and use of condition-specific registries grow, greater utility of this approach can be anticipated. We have identified that the availability of longitudinal primary and secondary care data linked with PROMs is essential for this to be possible.
PERSEPSI REMAJA DESA BUKIT RANAH TERHADAP SINETRON DARI JENDELA SMP DI SCTV
Authors: Rudin Venia Nelvianti , Elfiandri Elfiandri
Published: November 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui persepsi remaja Desa Bukit Ranah terhadap sinetron Dari Jendela SMP di SCTV. Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh sinetron Dari Jendela SMP yang tayang di SCTV yang mengisahkan seorang anak SMP yang hamil di luar nikah, dan mengisahkan tentang kisah pacaran di sekolah yang terjadi pada anak SMP. Sinetron ini dinilai oleh warganet tidak baik untuk psikologis remaja, serta sinetron ini telah ditegur oleh KPI. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif dengan metode survei. Berdasarkan hasil analisis dapat disimpulkan bahwa persepsi remaja Desa Bukit Ranah terhadap sinetron Dari Jendela SMP secara parsial jika dilihat dari indikator pemain memiliki persepsi cukup baik (69%), jika dilihat dari indikator pesan dan alur cerita memiliki persepsi sangat baik (85%), jika dilihat dari indikator performa video memiliki persepsi sangat baik (84%). Persepsi Remaja Desa Bukit Ranah Terhadap Sinetron Dari Jendela SMP memiliki Persepsi sangat baik dengan nilai sebesar (82%).
PENERAPAN JURNALISME DAMAI DALAM PEMBERITAAN KUDETA MYANMAR DI MEDIA ONLINE KOMPAS.COM
Authors: Amelia Ulima Sri , Sukartik Dewi
Published: November 2022

Myanmar coup d'etat again, military groups take over state power. This is inseparable from the world's eyes, and this is where the media plays a big role in guiding the views and opinions of the public. Media Be a pioneer of peace. So the purpose of this study is to find out how the application of Peace Journalism in reporting the Myanmar coup in the online media Kompas.com.This study uses a qualitative descriptive method with a framing model from Robert Entman. The results show that Kompas.com framed the coup as a crucial issue involving the safety of many lives. In general, Kompas.com seems to have implemented Peace Journalism. However, if we look more deeply, Kompas.com still indicates that there are subjective opinions and title dictions that lead to provocation or truth orientation.
Ruwat Islami: Islamic dialectics and culture in Java, Indonesia
Authors: Nurhidin Edi , Badruzaman Abad
Published: November 2022

This paper studies the Islamic ruwat tradition as a manifestation of the encounter between Islam and local culture in Java within the framework of the Islam Nusantara discourse. This study begins with a literature survey enriched with qualitative field research. Informants in this research are religious leaders as well as community leaders who have knowledge and experience about ruwatan. The data that has been collected is then analyzed qualitatively according to the research focus. The results of this study found that an ruwat islami tradition is a form of harmonization between Islamic teachings and Javanese culture that is still sustainable today. The practice of ruwat islami rituals requires various types of dishes (sajen) as a form of alms that contain symbolic meanings in the form of Islamic values, teachings/doctrines, and history. The meeting point between the two resulted in the ruwat islami tradition which is one of the heritage of the Islam Nusantara tradition.
Aparecida y una espiritualidad integradora
Authors: Fernández Victor Manuel
Published: November 2022

Al cumplirse 15 años de la redacción del Documento de Aparecida, el autor repasa algunos de los puntos fundamentales en torno a la espiritualidad del discípulo-misionero. Esta espiritualidad debe estar inserta en la vida, integrar la contemplación con la acción social, estar unida a la misión y no descuidar su aspecto popular. Por último, hace una referencia a palabras del Papa Francisco en su visita a Río de Janeiro en 2013. El Documento de Aparecida sigue hoy resonando y tiene mucho que aportar a la vida de la Iglesia latinoamericana.
Green Biosynthesis of Zinc Nanoparticles
Authors: Rohova Maryna , Kovalenko Vladyslav , Tkachenko Volodymyr , Lych Inna , Voloshyna Iryna
Published: November 2022

Currently there is a growing need for the development of an environmentally friendly process of synthesis of nanoparticles, during which no toxic chemicals are used. That is why an important area of research in nanotechnology sphere is the synthesis of metal nanoparticles by microorganisms such as bacteria and yeast (detoxification often occurs by reduction of metal ions/formation of metal sulfides). Bacteria are the organism of choice due to their fast growth, high efficiency and low cost. Metal nanoparticles exhibit antimicrobial properties, but the properties of nanoparticles depend on their size and shape, making them specific for different applications. Nevertheless, the desired size and shape of nanoparticles can be obtained by optimizing the synthesis process through manipulating their reaction conditions. Microbial synthesis of nanoparticles is an alternative to chemical and physical methods, as it is non-toxic and biocompatible. Despite the relevance of the application of the “green synthesis” method in the field of nanotechnology, biosynthesis by bacterial organisms has certain disadvantages, such as a high probability of pathogenicity, labour-intensive cultivation, and pollution problems. Ultimately, there is a need to explore more potential microorganisms for the synthesis of metal nanoparticles. The paper provides a review of literature data on the biosynthesis of zinc nanoparticles using lactic acid microorganisms. It was shown that bacteria are capable of synthesizing both extracellular and intracellular nanoparticles in the wavelength range of 315-392 nm. Data on the manifestation of antimicrobial properties by zinc nanoparticles against various gram-positive and gram-negative bacterial microorganisms and micromycetes.
A disciplina Projeto de Vida no ensino médio e sua influência no acesso e na escolha do curso superior
Authors: Sfalsin Mery Hellen , Teixeira Arilda
Published: November 2022

A pesquisa aponta que se cursar a disciplina Projeto de Vida, a mesma influencia na escolha do aluno da 3ª série do Ensino Médio a ingressar no Ensino Superior. Também identifica, se a escolha dos cursos superiores estão relacionadas às habilidades que os estudantes possuem em determinados componentes curriculares. Esta pesquisa é quantitativa, descritiva, de corte transversal e dados primários, obtidos através de aplicação de questionários de perguntas abertas e fechadas, aplicados a 943 alunos matriculados na 3ª série do Ensino Médio integral e regular, na Região Metropolitana do Espírito Santo. Utilizou métodos de regressão logística e regressão logística multinominal para testar as hipóteses. Os resultados indicam que o grau de escolaridade da mãe, a percepção do estudante pelo comprometimento com o estudo, estudar em escola de tempo integral e cursar a disciplina Projeto de Vida possuem relação positiva no desejo do aluno em cursar o Ensino Superior. Já os cursos superiores escolhidos não mostraram ser determinados pelas habilidades dos estudantes em componentes curriculares específicos.
Voces subjetivas diversas
Authors: Obando Salazar Olga Lucía , Galviz Ortiz Sara Lorena
Published: November 2022

El objetivo trazado para el libro Voces subjetivas diversas: reflexiones polifónicas para la construcción de una cultura de paz es realizar un aporte a la construcción de conocimiento sobre el protagonismo de las voces diversas en el desarrollo de salidas pacíficas a los conflictos. Se presentan algunos de los entramados producidos por las doce voces de género y políticas, convocadas en el Proyecto Colciencias 1106-740-54599, en experiencias situadas en diversos contextos, y se revisan esas salidas alternativas a situaciones de conflicto y posconflicto implementadas por los agentes de las voces en su vida cotidiana, así como su significado y pertinencia para el diseño, desarrollo e implementación de apuestas para generar cultura de paz.
Turcja, obywatelstwo a teologia polityczna Carla Schmitta
Authors: Günsoy Funda
Published: November 2022

Artykuł niniejszy stanowi próbę uchwycenia dynamiki i kompleksu przemian polityczno-społecznych dokonujących się w długiej perspektywie czasowej w Turcji przez odwołanie do koncepcji teologii politycznej C. Schmitta. Szczególna uwaga zostaje zwrócona na idee dotyczące państwa, społeczeństwa, jak i ogólne konceptualizacje życia politycznego i kultury, które pojawiały się w ostatniej fazie istnienia Imperium Osmańskiego, podczas narodzin Republiki Turcji, w trakcie realizacji projektu modernizacji oraz w najnowszym okresie rozwoju politycznego islamu. Ta z konieczności skrótowa synteza pozwala nam zidentyfikować istotne, stałe punkty ontologii politycznej w Turcji, ujawniające napięcie pomiędzy sekularyzacją, radykalizmem politycznym a teologicznym (religijnym) wymiarem władzy, suwerenności, norm i praw.
Politologia – między akademickością, użytkowością i medialnością
Authors: Karwat Mirosław
Published: November 2022

W funkcjonowaniu nauki o polityce w Polsce narasta mocne napięcie między wymogami naukowości, praktycznego nastawienia i zaprogramowania oraz regułami medialności w popularyzacji dorobku i analitycznych kompetencji politologów. Nasze środowisko nie umie sobie z tym poradzić. Politologia zachowuje naukowy charakter pod tym warunkiem, że jej funkcje poznawcze mają charakter autoteliczny, choć nie wyklucza to praktycznych zastosowań uzyskanej wiedzy. W praktyce dominują jednak wąsko utylitarne, wulgarnopragmatyczne wyobrażenia o pożytkach z nauki. Skutkiem ich narzucania przez polityków i urzędników jest redukcja poznawczych ambicji politologów, doraźny horyzont i banalizacja badań, powielanie ideologiczno-propagandowych pseudoaksjomatów, zanik krytycznej refleksji nad głębszą treścią gry politycznej. Prezentacja dorobku i kompetencji politologów w mediach przeważnie sprowadza się do bieżącego i jałowego komentatorstwa. Paradoksalnie, wykorzystanie potencjału nauk politycznych zarówno przez rządzących, jak i przez dowolne inne siły z establishmentu politycznego jest odwrotnie proporcjonalne do potrzeb społecznych i do możliwej oferty politologów.