bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Identical by Descent (IBD): Investigation of the Genetic Ties between Africans, Denisovans, and Neandertals
Authors: Fadziso Takudzwa , Manavalan Mani
Published: October 2021

Interbreeding between human ancestors and other hominins has been extensively studied outside of Africa, but their shared history within Africa has received less study. However, comprehending subsequent events outside of Africa requires shining light on human evolution during this period, about which little is known. We investigate the genetic relationships of humans. By finding relatively short DNA sequences that these hominins share in the 1000 Genomes Phase 3 data, researchers were able to distinguish between African, Neandertals, and Denisovans descent by identical (IBD). It was confidently detected very short IBD segments by focusing on low frequency and uncommon variations. These segments reflect occurrences from the distant past because small IBD segments are likely older than larger ones. There have been two types of very old IBD segments found that are shared by humans, Neandertals, and/or Denisovans. Longer segments are more common in Asians and Europeans, with more segments in the South. Asians exceed East Asians in both Neandertal and Denisovan cultures. These longer portions indicate complex admixture occurring outside of the admixture events. Africa, the second category comprises shorter pieces that are largely shared among Africans and hence may depict African-related events.
TOPLAM RİSK YÖNETİMİNİN FİRMA PERFORMANSI ÜZERİNDEKİ ETKİSİ: BİST UYGULAMASI
Authors: FAEDFAR Sara , AKTAŞ Zekiye , ALI Semira Hassen , KURTARAN ÇELİK Melike
Published: October 2021

Risk yönetimi, beklenmedik piyasa koşullarından kaynaklanan risklerin firma performansı üzerindeki istenmyen etkilerini azaltmak amacıyla kullanılan bir yöntemdir. Klasik risk yönetimi sadece riskten kaynaklanan tehlikelere ve negatif sonuçlara odaklanmaktadır. Diğer taraftan, toplam risk yönetimi, hem risklerin sonucunda meydana gelebilecek olası olumsuz etkileri ve hem potansiyel fırsatları kapsamaktadır. Bu çalışma, firma performansının geliştirilmesine ve istikrarlı kazanç sağlanmasına yönelik kontrol dışı piyasa faktörlerine karşı toplam risk yönetiminin etkisini ortaya koymaktadır. Çalışmada, toplam risk yönetimi ile firma performansı arasındaki ilişki 2009-2018 yılları arasında BİST-30 endeksinde yer alan 23 firmanın verileri kullanılarak panel veri yöntemi ile araştırılmıştır. Bulgular, toplam risk yönetimi ile firma performansı arasında anlamlı ve negatif bir ilişki olduğunu göstermektedir. Ayrıca, entelektüel sermaye yatırımlarının yüksek olduğu ve kaldıracın daha düşük olduğu büyük firmalarda firma performansının daha yüksek olduğu tespit edilmiştir.
Diagnostic efficiency of determining CXCR1, CXCR2 and hyaluronic acid blood level in non-small cell lung cancer patients
Authors: Murashka D.I. , Tahanovich A.D. , Kauhanka M.M. , Prokhorova V.I. , Gotko O.V.
Published: November 2021

In the structure of lung cancer incidence most cases belong to non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) which is subdivided into two histological subtypes: adenocarcinoma (AC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). A five-year survival rate of patients with stage I NSCLC is two times higher than in patients with stage II and more than five times higher than in stages III-IV. Currently, there are no informative blood biomarkers to diagnose early stages of NSCLC. The aim of the study was to evaluate complex determination of hyaluronic acid (HA), CXCR2 and CXCR1 levels blood of patients with AC and SCC. Blood samples from of 107 patients with SCC, 90 patients with AC, and 40 healthy people were used in this study. Concentration of HA in blood serum was determined by enzyme linked immunoassay. The level of CXCR2 and CXCR1 was determined by flow cytometry. Diagnostic parameters were determined by constructing mathematical models in the form of regression equations using the method of stepwise inclusion of predictors and subsequent ROC-analysis. Results of the study indicate that MFI CXCR1 in granulocytes, proportion of lymphocytes containing CXCR2 and concentration of HA in blood serum in stage I AC and SCC are significantly higher than in healthy people. The level of these parameter significantly increases at stage II of the disease compared to stage I and demonstrates further growth at its later stages. Based on the obtained results, regression equations were created: (i) including MFI CXCR1 in granulocytes, proportion of lymphocytes supplied with CXCR2 and HA concentration in the serum to detect stages I-II SCC (diagnostic sensitivity — 95.7%, specificity — 93.7%, threshold value — 0.59) and stages III-IV SCC (diagnostic sensitivity — 93.1%, specificity — 93.3%, threshold value — 0.64); (ii) including the proportion of lymphocytes supplied with CXCR2 MFI CXCR1 in granulocytes and CYFRA 21-1 blood level, which allows the detection of I-II stages of AC (sensitivity — 91.3%, specificity — 94.7%, threshold value — 0.61); (iii) including the proportion of lymphocytes supplied with CXCR2 and CYFRA 21-1 blood level, which allows the detection of AC stages III-IV (sensitivity — 94.6%, specificity — 91.3%, threshold value — 0.15); (iv) including the proportion of lymphocytes supplied with CXCR2 and HA level in the serum to differentiate stage II SCC from stage I (sensitivity — 94.4%, specificity — 87.5%, threshold value — 0.44) and II stage AC from stage I (sensitivity — 88.5%, specificity — 91.2%, threshold value — 0.46).
Penilaian Kerentanan Bangunan Terhadap Gempa Bumi pada Gedung Perkuliahan Berlantai Tinggi di Yogyakarta
Authors: Zulfiar Muhammad Heri , Zai Muhammad Irhab Indrastata
Published: October 2021

Yogyakarta termasuk daerah yang memiliki tingkat resiko gempa yang tinggi, sehingga dapat mengakibatkan bangunan-bangunan yang didirikan di Yogyakarta memiliki potensi terhadap kerusakan. Gempa bumi yang terjadi pada tanggal 27 Mei 2006 masih meninggalkan trauma bagi masyarakat Yogyakarta, dimana menurut BNPB (2012) gempa di Yogyakarta menimbulkan korban jiwa sebanyak 4.674, dan sebanyak 19.897 dinyatakan cedera berat. Sebagian besar korban diakibatkan karena tertimpa bangunan, serta material rumah. Gempa di yogyakarta menimbulkan kerusakan yang berat pada bangunan sebanyak 96.790, sebanyak 117.075 alami kerusakan yang sedang, serta sebanyak 156. 971 bangunan alami kerusakan yang ringan. Pendirian bangunan-bangunan baru di wilayah Yogyakarta khususnya diharapkan dapat menerapkan prinsip bangunan tahan gempa pada tahapan-tahapan pembangunan agar tingkat kerentanan terhadap gempa tidak besar, salah satunya adalah proyek pembangunan gedung Research and Innovation Center of Dasron Hamid yang sedang dalam tahap pembangunan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat kerentanan bangunan RIC terhadap gempa menggunakan RVS (Rapid Visual Screening) berdasarkan FEMA P-154 2015. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dan observasi secara langsung di lokasi pembangunan dengan mengisi formulir FEMA P-154, bangunan yang ditinjau terdiri 8 lantai yang dilengkapi 1 lantai dasar. Formulir yang digunakan adalah tipe high seismicity yang berarti tingkat seismitas di lokasi penelitian memiliki persebaran gempa yang tinggi.  Dari hasil penelitian didapatkan nilai S sebesar 2,3 dengan persentase kerentanan bangunan untuk roboh adalah 0,5%, sehingga aman terhadap gempa. Hal ini dikarenakan bangunan ini didirikan setelah adanya acuan atau code meskipun memiliki ketidakberaturan seperti vertical irregularity, dan, plan irregularity.
Analisis CBR Tanah Clayshale Akibat Distabilisasi Semen
Authors: Hartono Edi , Santoso Gilang Permana
Published: October 2021

Clay shale merupakan batuan lunak yang memiliki potensi masalah pada kekuatan dan durabilitas bila tersingkap. Perbaikan tanah diperlukan bila digunakan sebagai lapis dasar jalan.  Salah satu metodenya adalah stabilisasi menggunakan semen. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbandingan nilai CBR dan pengembangan clay shale sebelum dan sesudah penambahan semen. Semen yang ditambahkan sebesar 10% dari berat total tanah kering. Semen dicampur dengan metode dry mix dan spray mix. Pengujian CBR menggunakan 3 variasi pemadatan yaitu 10, 25, 56 kali pukulan. Hasil penelitian menujukkan bahwa penambahan semen 10% pada 56 pukulan akan meningkatkan nilai CBR 38,40% dan menurunkan pengembangan 0,60%. Nilai CBR dengan metode dry mix lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan metode spray mix.Clay shale is a soft rock that has potential problems in strength and durability when exposed. Soil Improvement Required when used as the subgrade. One of the repair methods is stabilization using cement. This study aims to determine the value of CBR and clay shale swelling after the addition of cement. Cement added by 10% of dry soil weight. The cement is mixed by dry mix and spray mix methods. CBR testing uses three variations of compaction 10, 25, 56 blows. The results showed that adding 10% cement and 56 blows increased the CBR value by 38.40% and decreased the swelling by 0.60%. The CBR value with the dry mix method is higher than the spray mix method.
Ta’lim al-Lughah al-Arabiyah ‘Ala Dlau al-Ithar al-Marji’I al-Urubbi al-Musytarak Li Ta’lim al-Lughat fi al-Jami’at al-Muhammadiyah Bi Indunisia: al-Furash wa al-Tahadiiyat
Authors: Nurdianto Talqis
Published: November 2021

Pengajaran bahasa Arab di Indonesia masih menghadapi berbagai tantangan, baik metodologis maupun media pembelajaran. Persoalan pengajaran bahasa Arab kepada non-native speaker membutuhkan pengembangan kurikulum dan topik budaya yang sesuai, terutama dalam menghadapi tantangan era Revolusi Industri 4.0. Perguruan Tinggi Muhammadiyah di Indonesia sangat membutuhkan perkembangan dan penyesuaian ini. Penelitian ini mencoba untuk menemukan peluang dan tantangan bagi universitas Muhammadiyah di Indonesia dalam pengajaran bahasa Arab dalam kerangka CEFR. Peneliti memilih empat universitas besar Muhammadiyah yang mengajarkan Bahasa Arab yaitu; Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta (UMY), Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang (UMM), Universitas Muhammadiyah (Uhamka) Jakarta, dan Universitas Ahmad Dahlan (UAD) Yogyakarta. Penelitian deskriptif ini di samping pada wawancara dan observasi dengan dosen dan ketua program studi untuk mengetahui sejauh mana pemahaman mereka tentang CEFR untuk pengajaran Bahasa Arab. Hasilnya, empat universitas tidak menerapkan kurikulum CEFR dalam pengajaran dan penilaian bahasa Arab karena tidak mengenalnya. Diantara tantangan yang datang dari dalam dan luar perguruan tinggi, dengan unsur-unsurnya dan dari luarnya diperlukan solusi, dan karena peluang penggunaan kerangka kurikulum adalah untuk mengetahui kompetensi bahasa Arab serta cara mengajar dan mengevaluasinya.
Infraestructura Verde Urbana I: Retos, oportunidades y manual de buenas prácticas
Authors: Castro Lancharro Borja
Published: November 2021

Esta publicación forma parte de una serie de tres documentos que exploran los diferentes aspectos de las soluciones de infraestructura verde urbana. En esta primera parte se explora qué es la infraestructura verde urbana; cuáles son las amenzas climáticas de la región a las que éstas podrían contribuir; y se hace una revisión de 21 casos de soluciones de infraestructura verde tanto en países desarrollados como en países en desarrollo.
Disociación salud-economía: pertinencia de la reapertura económica en Colombia y su impacto en el manejo sanitario de la pandemia de covid-19
Authors: Marchán-Cárdenas Juan Camilo
Published: November 2021

El mundo pocas veces ha vivido una parada económica tan súbita como la generada por la pandemia de covid-19. En Colombia ha suscitado una crisis económica de grandes magnitudes; el desempleo ha aumentado, las empresas en crecimiento han quebrado, la demanda de algunos bienes y servicios mermó1. En respuesta a ello, el gobierno Colombiano puso en marcha la reapertura de todos los sectores productivos. Dicha iniciativa ha sido motivo de controversia, haciéndose popular la idea de una disociación entre la economía y la salud. En la mente de todos está imperante la necesidad de elegir solo un camino de la dicotomía: si procuramos la salud, la economía cae; si reabrimos la economía, los contagios y muertes aumentan. Pero, ¿Es real esa disociación? ¿Qué dice la evidencia sobre la relación salud-economía durante pandemias? ¿Qué opinan los expertos?.
Agencia de enfermería en escolares con necesidades especiales
Authors: Fernández-Silva Carlos Alberto , Ramírez Gabriela
Published: November 2021

Introducción: Las instituciones escolares son espacios en los que se requiere la incursión del profesional de enfermería con el fin de fortalecer actividades de promoción de la salud y prevención de la enfermedad, a lo cual se suman actividades asistenciales de cuidado específico cuando se abordan escolares con necesidades especiales. Objetivo: analizar la necesidad de cuidados de enfermería en escolares con necesidades especiales en una institución educativa ubicada en el sur de Chile, según la teoría del déficit del autocuidado de Dorothea Orem y taxonomías diagnósticas de enfermería. Metodología: Se tomó como base un registro anonimizado que contenía las características generales y de salud de 35 escolares con necesidades especiales, además del promedio de actividades de cuidado que se les realizó durante 6 meses. Los datos se analizaron en forma cuantitativa descriptiva, y mediante su relación con la teoría del déficit del autocuidado de Dorothea Orem, y taxonomías diagnósticas de enfermería. Resultados: Se evidenció en los/as estudiantes diferentes condiciones complejas de salud que requerían en su mayoría sistemas parcial o totalmente compensatorios, al igual que diversas necesidades de cuidado no abordadas frente a problemas reales o de riesgo. Discusión: Se evidencia la necesidad de contar con profesionales de enfermería para abordar en forma integral tanto a los/as estudiantes como a la comunidad educativa. Conclusiones: La presencia de profesionales de enfermería en establecimientos educativos permite brindar cuidados complejos, seguros y de calidad, que se logran gracias a la aplicación de sus fundamentos disciplinares.
Побудова системи аналітики суб’єктів електронного бізнесу на основі використання хмарних технологій
Authors: Лакіза Вікторія
Published: November 2021

Висвітлено питання актуальності використання цифрових технологій. Наведено порівняння підходів до визначення категорій «хмарні технології», «обліково-аналітичне-забезпечення». Виділено типи хмарних послуг, систематизовано вимоги до аналітичної інформації, запропоновано перелік завдань для обліково-аналітичних систем суб’єктів електронного бізнесу, альтернативи використання ними хмарних технологій.
Effect of Chemical and Mechanical Degradation on Surface Roughness, Topography, Gloss, and Polish Retention of Three Composites Polished with Five Polishing Systems
Authors: Farzaneh Fatemeh , Mohammadi-Bassir Mahshid , Rezvani Mohammad Bagher , Dehestani Ardakani Fahimeh
Published: October 2021

Objective: Finishing and polishing (F/P) of composites is a fundamental step influencing the clinical service of restorations. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of different F/P systems on surface roughness, gloss, and polish retention of composite resins.
Materials and Methods: One-hundred and five disc-shaped specimens (4×4 mm) were made from nanofilled, microhybrid, and microfilled composites (n=35). The specimens were divided into five subgroups (n=7) for F/P with Sof-Lex (4-step), Shofu (4-step), Cosmedent (3-step), Diacomp Composite-Pro (2-step), and Opti1Step systems. The surface roughness values (Ra and Rz) were measured before and after pH-cycling and simulated toothbrushing. Surface topography was assessed by using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) at three magnifications. For assessment of surface gloss, 45 rectangular specimens (10×8×2 mm) were fabricated from three composites (n=15) and randomly allocated to five subgroups (n=3). Surface gloss was measured before and after aging. The mean values were calculated and analyzed by two-way ANOVA, Tukey, and t-test. Level of significance was set at 0.05. 
Results:  The composite type had no significant effect on surface roughness (P>0.05); however, the type of F/P system significantly affected it (P<0.05). The pH-cycling and simulated toothbrushing had no significant effect on gloss or polish retention of the three composites (P>0.05).
Conclusion: Type of F/P system had a greater effect on surface roughness and gloss of composite resins than the type of composite.
Identification of Hub Genes in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarci-noma Using Bioinformatics Analysis
Authors: Wang Congcong , Guo Jianping , Zhao Xiaoyang , Jia Jia , Xu Wenting , Wan Peng , Sun Changgang
Published: October 2021

Background: To address the biomarkers that correlated with the prognosis of patients with PDCA using bioinformatics analysis.
Methods: The raw data of genes were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus. We screened differently expressed genes (DEGs) by Rstudio. Database for Annotation,Visualization and Intergrated Discovery was used to investigate their biological function by Gene Ontology(GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes (KEGG) analysis. Protein-protein interaction of these DEGs were analyzed based on the Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes database (STRING) and visualized by Cytoscape. Genes calculated by CytoHubba with degree >10 were identified as hub genes. Then, the identified hub genes were verified by UALCAN online analysis tool to evaluate the prognostic value in PDCA.
Results: Three expression profiles (GSE15471, GSE16515 and GSE32676) were downloaded from GEO database. The three sets of DEGs exhibited an intersection consisting of 223 genes (214 upregulated DEGs and 9 downregulated DEGs). GO analysis showed that the 223 DEGs were significantly enriched in extracellular exosome, plasma membrane and extracellular space. ECM-receptor interaction, PI3K-Akt signaling pathway and Focal adhesion were the most significantly enriched pathway according to KEGG analysis. By combining the results of Cytohubba, 30 hub genes with a high degree of connectivity were picked out. Finally, we candidated 3 biomarkers by UALCAN online survival analysis, including CEP55, ANLN and PRC1.
Conclusion: we identified CEP55, ANLN and PRC1 may be the potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets of PDCA, which used for prognostic assessment and scheme selection.
Structural Relationship among Mobile Phone Dependence, Self-Efficacy, Time Management Disposition, and Academic Procras-tination in College Students
Authors: Chen Peng Sheng , Li Jing , Kim Seung-Yong
Published: October 2021

Background: We aimed to investigate the relationship among mobile phone dependence, self-efficacy for self-regulated learning, time management disposition, and academic procrastination in Chinese students majoring in physical education. In addition, we explored the mediating roles of self-efficacy for self-regulated learning and time management disposition in the relationship between mobile phone dependence and academic procrastination.
Methods: We adopted a random sampling method to identify 324 physical education majors at five universities in Shaanxi Province, China in 2020. Data were analyzed via exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, correlation analysis, structural equation model analysis, and path analysis.
Results: Mobile phone dependence had significant positive effects on academic procrastination (P<0.001) and self-efficacy for self-regulated learning (P<0.05) but a significant negative effect on time management disposition (P<0.001). Self-efficacy for self-regulated learning had a significant positive effect on academic procrastination (P<0.001), while time management disposition had a significant negative effect on academic procrastination (P<0.01). Notably, self-efficacy for self-regulated learning and time management disposition mediated the relationship between mobile phone dependence and academic procrastination (P<0.05).
Conclusion: In addition to its direct effect on academic procrastination, mobile phone dependence exerts an indirect effect via time management disposition and self-regulated learning efficacy. Reducing students’ dependence on mobile phones is necessary for attenuating academic procrastination on university campuses. Thus, universities should aim to restrict the use of mobile phones in the classroom, actively cultivate students’ confidence in their self-regulated learning ability, and educate them regarding appropriate time values.
Twitter Research Synthesis for Health Promotion: A Bibliometric Analysis
Authors: Hassan Shah Syed Hamad , Noor Saleha , Saleem Butt Atif , Halepoto Habiba
Published: October 2021

Background: This study enriched our understanding by systematically reviewing knowledge management twitter health (KMTH) articles extracted from Web of Science (WoS) using cartography analysis through VOSviewer–for the last 11 years.
Methods: A total of 798 KMTH articles were found from 2009 to 2019, analyzed based on the most co-occurrence keywords of KMTH articles.
Results: Three clusters emerged through cartography analysis; Cluster 1: Twitter as health education and health promotion platform; Cluster 2: Twitter as public health promotion platform and Cluster 3: Twitter as health sentiment platform through big data and machine learning.
Conclusion: This study opened new avenues for all health care providers to utilize Twitter as a KM platform to promote health care. This is the first bibliometric analysis of KMTH publications according to our best knowledge.
Estimation of Burden of Cystic Echinococcosis in Iran Using Disability Adjusted Life Years (DALYs) in 2018
Authors: Parandin Fateme , Heydarpour Fatemeh , Mohebali Mehdi , Hanafi-Bojd Ahmad Ali , Akbari Sari Ali , Zeynali Mohamad , Alizadeh Ahad , Nazari Naser , Kaveh Farzad , Rokni Mohammad Bagher
Published: October 2021

Background: Human hydatidosis as a public concern has increased in a number of countries that have reduced control programs for the disease due to lack of resources or policies. We aimed to estimate Disability-Adjusted Life Years (DALYs) for human hydatidosis in Iran in 2018.
Methods: Data were collected from the Center of Communicable Diseases Control, Ministry of Health &Medical Education, Tehran, Iran in 2018. To calculate DALYs, years of life lost due to premature death (YLL) with years of life with disability (YLD) were calculated according to the formula as DALY = YLL + YLD. The standard life expectancy lost method (SEYLL) was used to calculate the years lost due to premature death.
Results: DALYs for human hydatidosis was calculated as 1210.12 years (YLD equals to 177.12 and YLL equals to 1033) in Iran for the year 2018. It was estimated to be 700.2 years for men and 509.8 years for women.  DALYs in men were significantly different from women (P= 0.001) so DALYs were more in men than women were. YLD was calculated at 78.228 years in men and 98.892 years in women and in both men and women at 177.12 years. YLD was significantly different in women compared to men (P=0.001), so YLD in women was more than in men.
Conclusion: We reached considerable indices for hydatidosis in our study. Therefore, disease prevention and control programs in Iran seem necessary by the policy makers.
Urbanization Levels and Its Association with Prevalence of Risk Factors and Colorectal Cancer Incidence
Authors: Enayatrad Mostafa , Yavari Parvin , Vahedi Hamid , Mahdavi Sepideh , Etemad Koorosh , Khodakarim Soheila
Published: October 2021

Background: Colorectal cancer is one of the most common cancers in the world. This study aimed to determine the relationship between risk factors and the incidence of colorectal cancer in Urbanization levels in Iran.
Methods: This was a population-based study. Urbanization levels were determined using the census data of the Statistical Center in 2012. Data on risk factors for colorectal cancer were obtained from the information provided by the Iranian Non-Communicable Disease Control Center and the incidence of colorectal cancer from the data from the National Cancer Registry System. Negative binomial regression analysis was used to determine the relationship between colorectal cancer risk factors and urbanization levels with colorectal cancer incidence. For statistical analysis, SPSS and Stata software were used. A significant level of P≤0.05 was considered.
Results: The relationship between urbanization levels and risk factors with the incidence of colorectal cancer, nutrition Status, tobacco use, and body mass index were not significant. There was a significant relationship between physical activity and incidence at different levels and between levels of urbanization and incidence rate, indicating a lower incidence rate of colorectal cancer at lower levels of urbanization.
Conclusion: Colorectal cancer incidence is higher at higher levels of urbanization than lower levels. The difference between regions in terms of urbanization can have in flounce on access to facilities, health service, and counseling opportunities to modify the risk factors and access to proper screening and follow-up care.
Factors Associated with Neonatal Mortality in Bangladesh: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of the Demographic and Heath Survey 2014
Authors: Rahman Mohammad Ashfikur , Rahman Mohammad Sazedur , Howlader Mohammad Hasan
Published: October 2021

The article's abstract is not available.
A Seroepidemiological Study on vivax Malaria in Children of Less than 9 Years Old Using Indirect Fluorescent Antibody Test in Southeastern Iran
Authors: Nateghpour Mehdi , Motevalli Haghi Afsaneh , Farivar Leila , Askari Setareh
Published: October 2021

The article's abstract is not available.
Introduction of Health Information Technology Professionals for Data Mining in Hospitals
Authors: Aalipour Elham , Ghazisaeedi Marjan
Published: October 2021

The article's abstract is not available.
Ethical Issues of Artificial Intelligence in Medicine and Healthcare
Authors: Farhud Dariush D. , Zokaei Shaghayegh
Published: October 2021

The article's abstract is not available.
Clustering of different atmospheric patterns leading to an increase in different types of atmospheric pollutants in the greater Tehran area during the last 17 years (2004-2020)
Authors: Khansalari Sakineh , Rastgar Farahnaz Fazel , Mohammadian Mohammadi Leila , Gozalkhoo Majid
Published: October 2021

Introduction: Air pollution is one of the main problems of industrial and large cities like Tehran, due to its harmful effects, especially on human health.
Materials and methods: Based on the intensity and continuity of the standard air pollution index during 2004-2020 for 112 cases in Tehran, the principal component analysis method was applied in T-mode and clustering of days for similar 500hPa geopotential height changes were provided. The synoptic patterns leading to these different pollution cases were obtained.
Results: The study of the mentioned days shows the activity of five atmospheric patterns with the frequency of 47, 28, 12, 13, and 4%, respectively.
Conclusion: The first pattern happens during the cold season, associated with the simultaneous placement of the atmospheric ridge along with Siberian high-pressure system. The second group, which occurs mostly in summer and during late spring, is controlled with the predominant ozone pollutant. The main activity of the third pattern occurrences in summer and late spring, which is associated with the presence of monsoon Indian low-pressure on the southeastern regions in Iran. The fourth pattern, which occurs mostly in spring and autumn, associates with the establishment of dynamic low pressure in the western regions of Iran and Iraq, as well as the establishment of the thermal low-pressure system in the central part of the country. The last group is a local pattern that occurs due to the passage of the gust front and the shear of the wind field dust rise in the Tehran.
Effects of Daily Intake of Plant and Animal Oils on the Incidence of Depression in Adult Mice
Authors: Teymourian Hooman , Ashrafi Farzad , Behnaz Farnak , Azizi Faresani Hamidreza , Rezaee-Tazangi Fatemeh , Sotoudeh Narges , Taghizabet Neda , Mohseni Gholamreza
Published: October 2021

Background: Depression is a complicated disturbance affected by a collection of biological and environmental factors. The first aim of psychiatric studies is to recognize biological markers that could be utilized to predict improvement and increase reactions to antidepressant treatments. Diet affects different aspects of health, including depression. The aim of study was to determine antidepressant-like effects of some consumable oils, the effects of oils on depression were compared.
Methods: Thirty-two male and female mice (Mus musculus (BALB/c)) weighing 25- 35 g were randomly divided into 8 groups (4 mice in each group, 2 male and 2 female, A: Laden sunflower liquid oil, B: 50% vegetable oil + 50% olive oil, C: Kermanshah Rojin animal oil, D: Spring frying oil, E: Distilled water, F: BAHAR solid vegetable oil, G: Olive oil, H: 50% Kermanshah animal oil + 50% of olive oil). In different groups, 30 g of vegetable or animal oil was gavaged every day at 1:00 pm. Five types of vegetable and animal oils among the high consumption oils in the market were selected, including spring frying oil (used for several times in 305˚f, usually used in eastern Asia countries), Laden sunflower liquid oil, olive oil, Kermanshah Rojin animal oil, and BAHAR solid vegetable oil. After 6 weeks of using the oils diet, the forced swim test was utilized as a test of depression like behavior.
Results: There was a significant difference between all groups (P < 0.0001). Based on the results, the latency time of immobility in group A significantly decreased in comparison with groups C (P ˂ 0.02), D (P ˂ 0.003), and G (P < 0.001). However, it increased in groups B and C compared to group H (P ˂ 0.02). Also, this parameter in group D increased significantly compared to groups E (P < 0.01), F (P < 0.05), and H (P < 0.002).
Conclusion: The results indicated that olive oil had a preventive effect against forced swimming-induced depression-like symptoms.
The Effect of Urtica Dioica Extract on Blood Lipids Profile in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Randomized Double-blinded Clinical Trial
Authors: Khajeh Mehrizi Roya , Mozaffari-Khosravi Hassan , Aboee Parisa
Published: October 2021

Background: Diabetes is an endocrine disorder that is strongly associated with cardiovascular disease. The use of alternative therapy has recently increased and medicinal plants are one of the alternative therapies for diabetic patients. This study aimed to evaluate the protective effect of Urtica dioica (Nettle) on lipid profile in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D).
Method: This parallel randomized double-blinded clinical trial was conducted on 60 men and women with T2D for an 8-week period. The participants were randomly assigned to received 100mg/kg/day extract of Urtica Dioica (UG) and the placebo group (PG). Blood triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLc) and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLc) were measured at baseline and end of the study. The data were analyzed using SPSS 16.0 and P < 0.05 was considered significant.
Results: The mean difference of total cholesterol showed no significant difference in the UG compared to the PG which were -10.56±40.5 and -19.5± 35.9 (P = 0.14), respectively. The study also showed no significant difference between TG and LDLc in the UG compared to the PG (-39.8±171.5 vs. -23.37±72.3 (P = 0.68) and -3.16±33.4 vs. -11.2±35.6 (P = 0.15), respectively). The mean difference of HDLc in the UG and PG were -2.68±8.11 and 2.62±10.6 (P = 0.05), respectively, indicating a significant increase in the UG compared to the PG.
Conclusion: The results demonstrated that consumption of 100mg/kg/day extract of UD for 8 weeks by increasing HDL concentration can decrease the risk of cardiovascular disease in patients with T2D.
Perception and Practices of Complementary Feeding among Infants’ Mothers in Southwestern Nigeria: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Afolayan Afolabi Kolade , Olajumoke Afolabi Adebukunola
Published: October 2021

Background: Malnutrition resulting from inappropriate and ineffective childhood feeding remains a significant public health concern especially in developing countries, where poor child feeding practices exert serious negative impact on health outcomes. This qualitative study explored mothers’ perception about complementary feeding, mothers’ hygiene and food safety measures, food storage, and preparation and food handling practices.
Methods: This study was a descriptive cross-sectional survey, conducted in selected Local Government Areas (LGAs), Southwestern Nigeria in November, 2019. Four sessions of Focus Group Discussion (FGD) were conducted in each of four selected LGAs giving a total of sixteen sessions with eight discussants selected for each session of FGD giving a total of 128 discussants. The discussants were selected by multistage sampling technique. FGD guide was used to explore mothers’ perception about complementary feeding, complementary feeding practices, and associated factors. Responses were recorded, transcribed, and thematically analyzed using Nvivo 11 software.
Results: Five themes were developed from FGD responses, including mothers’ perception about complementary feeding, hygiene practices, food storage, safety, food preparation, and food handling. Mothers’ age, parity, educational status, employment status, family income, and food availability and affordability affected mothers’ perception about complementary feeding and complementary feeding practices.
Conclusion: Advocacy on infants’ feeding must take cognizance of the finding factors towards appropriate, effective childhood feeding in addition to reduction in malnutrition and related burden.
The Effect of A New Mixture of Sugar and Sugar-Alcohol (Lacritose) on Blood Glucose and Lipids and the Possible Adverse Reactions in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Triple-Blind Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Rahmanian Masoud , Mozafari Zohreh , Chaleshi Danial , Shukohifar Marzieh , Jam-Ashkezari Saeedeh
Published: October 2021

Background: A new sweetener with the commercial name of Lacritose has been recently produced, which is a combination of four simple sugars (lactose, fructose, sucrose, erythritol), with specific ingredients and percentages. This study aimed to assess glycemic response and short term gastrointestinal reactions in type 2 diabetic patients.
Methods: In this triple-blind randomized clinical trial, 30 diabetic patients referred to Yazd Diabetes Research Center in 2018 were included. After collecting the primary data, they were assigned into three groups, including sucrose consumers as the control group, sucrose-lactose, and lacritose as the groups of consumers group. They were followed for two weeks, and fasting blood glucose (FBG), 2-hour postprandial test (2HPP), fructose amine, SGOT, SGPT, urea, creatinine, and insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) were assessed.
Results: In lacritose consumers, significant reductions were seen in FBG and 2HPP (P < 0.001 and P = 0.05, respectively), although changes among the groups were not significant. In sucrose-lacritose consumers, FBG and cholesterol levels decreased (P = 0.04 and P = 0.03, respectively). In sucrose consumers, no reduction was seen. HOMA-IR did not significantly decrease, but intergroup changes were obvious.
Conclusion: The lacritose effects on FBG and 2HPP were significantly evident, but the other metabolic indices did not show any significant change.
The Effect of Frying Process on the Level of Malondialdehyde in Different Meat Products
Authors: Hejazy Marzieh , Khatibi Seyed Amin , Shamsi Zahra
Published: October 2021

Background: Frying is one of the popular cooking methods for the preparation of food especially meat products. However, this process has some adverse effects, such as lipid oxidation that results in deterioration and rancidity of food during preparation and storage. Malondialdehyde (MDA) as a secondary product of oxidation is commonly used as an index of rancidity in food products. However, the level of MDA produced during the frying process varies depending on the type of food.
Methods: This study was performed to evaluate the levels of MDA before and after the frying process in different products, including chicken, fish, pan kebab, beef, sausage, and hamburger. Also, the effect of meat content in hamburger was evaluated on the MDA level. The spectrophotometric thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) test was used to determine MDA in the food products.
Results: The concentration of MDA in the products increased significantly (P < 0.01) after frying in oil. The highest amount of MDA between the products was detected in fried fish (1.24 µM/g). By increasing the percentage of meat in hamburgers, the content of MDA increased in this product. In the hamburger containing 90% of meat, the MDA level was significantly (P < 0.05) higher than others (0.98 µM/g).
Conclusion: The results of the present study can provide proper knowledge about the levels of lipid peroxidation and the safety of different fried meat products.
Effect of chemical refining on Citrullus colocynthis and Pongamia pinnata seed oil
Authors:   CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Duhan A , Duhan S ,   Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, Kumari B ,   CCS Haryana Agricultural University
Published: November 2021

Bio -diesel production from conventional vegetable oils (soybean, sunflower, safflower, palm and rapeseed) has progressively stressed food uses, price, production and availability of these oils. Consequently, this has ignited the search for additional/ non- conventional, regional oil yielding raw materials to fulfill the increasing demand of oil for edible and bio- fuel production. Citrullus colocynthis and Pongamia pinnata (underutilized plants) oil was found to have good economical values. But crude oil obtained from natural resources contains a lot of impurities which should be removed before its use. Chemical refining involves degumming, alkali refining and bleaching are aimed to remove impurities like free fatty acids, phosphatides, metal ions, oxidation products and waxes. Oil from the both plant seeds was evaluated (both before and after refining) for different physico-chemical parameters like free fatty acids, iodine value, peroxide value, saponification value, unsaponifiable matter and fatty acid composition. Oil yield (30 -35 %) in both plants was found average. After refining, per cent reduction of free fatty acid value by (62.79 and 63.9), iodine value (25.59 and 27.37), saponification value (13.46 and 13.43), peroxide value (65.76 and 59.64) was observed in C. colocynthis and P. pinnata oil , which is helpful in increasing the oxidative stability and susceptibility towards trans -esterification. Unsaponifiabl e matter in C. colocynthis and P. pinnata was reduced by 54.78 and 49.78 per cent which is helpful in decreasing the amount of secondary metabolites and increasing the purity of oils. Analysis of C. colocynthis and P. pinnata oil show s that it was composed mainly of palmitic, stearic, oleic, linoleic and linolenic esters. After refining, saturated fatty acids were found reduced from 23.56 to 19.17 and 18.75 to 15.78 per cent and total unsaturated fat ty acids were found to increase from 74.68 to 78.39 and 71.56 to 78.77 in both oils. It makes oil favorable for edible purposes as it can reduce plasma tri glycerides.
Effect of Vermicomposted Vegetable and Fruit Wastes on the Vegetative and Yield Parameters of Lablab [Lablab Purpureus (L.) Sweet]
Authors: Raihing Pinky , Vijayalakshmi A.
Published: November 2021

Background: Organic farming are degradation of organic materials and less use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides. Vermicomposting is the process of introducing earthworm species into the compost. It behaves as eco-friendly manure and gives good health to soil. Methods: The present study was conducted at Avinashilingam Institute for Home Science and Higher Education for Women, Coimbatore over a period of 3 months from March to May 2019. There are 8 treatments namely T1-T8 and control. The effect of incorporation of vegetable and fruit wastes biocompost on the vegetative parameters such as shoot length, root length, number of leaves, fresh weight and dry weight on 15, 35, 55 DAS and yield characters i.e. number of pods/plants, number of seeds/pods, pod length, weight of the seed, pod fresh weight and dry weight on 75 DAS in Lablab [Lablab purpureus (L.) Sweet] were analysed. Result: The results from study revealed that T8 treatment showed significant increase in shoot length (113.7, 124.5 and 135 cm), root length (13.2, 18.5 and 27 cm), number of leaves (22, 39 and 48), fresh weight (4.911, 15.693 and 21.244 g) and dry weight (0.652, 2.156 and 3.234 g) on 15, 35, 55 DAS and yield parameters such as number of pods/plants (40), number of seeds/pods (6), pod length (13 cm), weight of the seed (4.060 g), pod fresh weight (7.425 g) and dry weight (1.382 g) on 75 DAS in Lablab over control. The study concluded that T8 treatment is an effective manure which can be used to enhance plant growth, provide better yield which will be beneficial for farmers.
​Identification of Suitable Reference Genes for qPCR Analysis of 4T1 Mouse Mammary Tumor Cell Line
Authors: Arora Richa , Malla Waseem Akram , Tyagi Arpit , Saxena Shikha , Mahajan Sonalika , Sajjanar Basavaraj , Tiwari Ashok Kumar
Published: November 2021

Background: Identification of candidate reference genes for real time PCR study is a preliminary requirement to normalize experimental data and thus, deduce a reliable conclusion. Complex tissues like mouse mammary gland constitutes various cell types which makes it difficult to identify reference gene constantly expressing under different experimental conditions. Methods: In this study we have identified suitable reference genes for 4T1 tumor cell line derived from mouse mammary tumor cells. We have studied four genes namely Gapdh, Actb, Prdx1 and Ctbp1 for their expression stability in CPV2.NS1 post transfected 4T1 cells by Best Keeper. Result: By our study, three reference genes i.e. Prdx1, Gapdh and Ctbp1 were found to be quite correlated with the BestKeeper index, but by considering all three criteria of selection by BestKeeper algorithm, Prdx1 showed minimum standard deviation and coefficient of variation and was found to be ranked at first position by BestKeeper which suggests Prdx1 to be considered as better internal control gene among all other reference genes taken in our study for qPCR based experiments in 4T1 mouse mammary tumor cell line transfected with CPV2.NS1
Moderasi Ukuran Perusahaan pada Profitabilias, Leverage dan Rasio Aktivitas terhadap Kebijakan Dividen
Authors: Setyaningsih Ira Puspita , Sucipto Agus
Published: October 2021

Abstract: Dividend policy is the company's policy in determining how much profit will be paid as dividends to investors. Dividend policy is the most important determination for a company because it is not only a source of investment profit, but also shows the company's performance. In making dividend payment policies the company considers financial ratios that can have an influence on dividend payment policies. The purpose of this study is to examine the role of company size to moderate the effect of profitability ratios, leverage ratios and activity ratios on dividend policy. This study makes the service sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2014-2018 as a research population of 289 companies with the research sample taken using purposive sampling technique as many as 69 companies. This research method uses descriptive quantitative method. Data analysis was processed using Partial Least Squares (PLS) analysis with Warp-Pls 6.0 software. The results of this study indicate that the profitability ratios and activity ratios affect the dividend policy positively and significantly, while the leverage ratio affects the dividend policy negatively and significantly. Firm size strengthens the effect of profitability ratios on dividend policy but does not moderate the effect of leverage ratios and activity ratios on dividend policy
Contraintes d’acces aux Soins de Sante Face a la Croissance Demographique de la Zone Sanitaire Ouidah/Kpomasse/Tori-Bossito
Authors: Carine Tchinkoun Ayathe , Thierry Azonhe Hervé , M. Dako Kpacha Sabine , Edouard Hounkponou Prince
Published: October 2021

La nécessité, voire l’exigence de disposer des services de santé de qualité, accessibles géographiquement s’impose à une population sans cesse en croissance. Les infrastructures sanitaires, les équipements médicaux, la disponibilité du personnel soignant nécessaire pour accueillir et prendre en charge cette population font toujours défaut. La présente étude aborde les contraintes d’accès aux soins de santé face à l’explosion démographique de la zone sanitaire Ouidah/Kpomassè/Tori-Bossito. Les observations, la recherche documentaire et les travaux de terrain sont les principales étapes de la méthodologie adoptée. Les données utilisées ont été collectées auprès de 900 ménages et 78 personnes ressources. L’Indice de Confort Matériel (ICM) a été calculé pour déterminer le confort des enquêtés. Les Analyse Factorielle des Composantes (AFC) ont été réalisées pour évaluer le lien entre l’accès aux soins de santé et les différentes variables indépendantes. Le modèle SWOT (Strenght, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats) a permis d’évaluer les contraintes liées à l’accessibilité aux soins face à la croissance démographique observée dans la zone sanitaire Ouidah/Kpomassè/Tori-Bossito (OKT). Les résultats ont révélé que la disponibilité, la répartition des infrastructures sanitaires et du personnel soignant, le confort matériel du ménage, l’état de praticabilité des voies d’accès aux centres de santé conditionnent l’accessibilité aux soins des ménages. Malgré les efforts fournis par l’Etat et les collectivités territoriales, l’offre de soins de santé est insuffisante au regard du croît démographique.
A Word Visualization Observation: The Hidden Meaning of the Words in Work Environments
Authors: Guneri Fatma , Hayırcıl Gulrenk , Deligny Meltem Unal , Iman Selin
Published: October 2021

The aim of this study is to illustrate and semantically explain how the visualization of words is helpful to create word trees, showing the connection between various, synonym words and to explore the hidden meanings behind each word in the tree, particularly to provide a true message in work environments. To do this, the authors have chosen one main word “lying” and two connected, synonymous words to it “fabrication” and “prevarication”. The words have been chosen spontaneously, by considering their employment in communications, particularly in work environments. To uncover the variety and implication of these words the study is divided into two sections: a short secondary data collection and an observational part. The short literature review accomplished by a secondary data collection highlights the importance of word visualization through different methods and tools through communications in, particularly, workplaces. And the observations in the methodology bring complimentary proof after the secondary data collection. With the use of word visualizations such as mind maps and word clouds, this study illustrates the further importance of word visualizations which opens new perspectives upon other words for diverse studies and fields as seen in the glossary, a dictionary of the words, employed in Picture 1 which is provided as an example of source presentation for future works in similar studies.