bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Has the Impact of Population Drinking on Harm become Weaker in Sweden?
Authors: Ramstedt Mats
Published: December 2017

Aims

The main aim of this paper is to analyse the development in alcohol-related mortality and other indicators of alcohol-related harm for the period 1990–2005 but with focus on the recent period of rising population drinking.

Data

The harm indicators included are various forms of alcohol-related mortality (accidents, cirrhosis, suicide, homicide and an index of alcohol-specific mortality) and hospitalisations (index of alcohol-specific diagnoses, liver cirrhosis and alcohol poisonings) as well as alcohol-related crime indicators (police-reported assaults, drink-driving offences and police arrests for drunkenness). Data on alcohol consumption were obtained from the Swedish Monitoring survey.

Results

The findings confirm previous studies suggesting that recently alcohol-related mortality in general has not increased as expected with the rise in alcohol consumption. Still, a closer look revealed several indications of higher alcohol mortality today compared with the period before consumption started to increase, e.g., for liver cirrhosis, fatal accidents and alcohol-specific mortality in Southern Sweden. Further, alcohol-related hospitalisations in somatic care and hospitalisations for liver cirrhosis and alcohol poisonings have increased among both men and women and a recent upward trend was found regarding reported drink-driving offences, alcohol-related traffic accidents and violent crimes.

Conclusion

Taking all indicators together suggests that alcohol-related harm in Sweden today has become higher compared with the situation before population drinking started to rise in the late 1990s, though not at the expected extent for all harms. A lower level of drinking in Sweden would most likely give rise to less alcohol-related problems among men and women.
Twenty then – Today about Thirty-Five
Authors: Törnqvist Claes
Published: December 2017

Aim

Studying changes between the ages of 20 and 35 in the use of alcohol and its meaning to the user and the relation of this to cultural background.

Data and Method

Qualitative interviews with 42 persons in Malmö, Sweden, aged approximately 20 years (21 women, 21 men) belonging to 3 groups, differing in social characteristics, in their use of alcohol and the meaning it had for them. 34 of them were interviewed again in a follow-up study 15–16 years later.

Results and Conclusions

At the age of 35, when matters of work, family and raising of children had become of central importance, alcohol no longer had the much more central role in their lives it had had at the age of 20, when intoxication had helped them create a collective illusion of future success at their goals. Alcohol still played a role in their lives, however, helping to support their feelings of closeness to their partners, of being good parents and of succeeding in their work. Drinking, usually involving wine, was primarily on weekends in a family setting, the woman typically taking the initiative here. The continental European custom of going out occasionally on weekday evenings to drink beer with job colleagues had become more frequent. Those without a family or a partner differed somewhat in their pattern of drinking. Effects of one's social environment at the age of 20 on the use of alcohol and the meaning it had for one at the age of 35 were evident.
The Nordic Borders are not Alike
Authors: Karlsson Thomas , Österberg Esa
Published: December 2017

Aim

To pinpoint the most important and interesting border trade areas for alcoholic beverages in the Nordic countries and to investigate patterns of routes and directions of border trade with alcoholic beverages in these areas.

Data & Methods

Travellers' alcohol imports in general and border trade in alcoholic beverages in particular are studied in Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway and Sweden, paying special attention to different borders and border areas in the Nordic countries.

Results

The main motive for border trade in alcohol is differences in the prices of alcoholic beverages. The greater the price difference the higher the volume of border trade in alcoholic beverages, ceteris paribus. However, differences in alcohol prices are by no means the only factors affecting the volume of border trade in alcohol. In the Nordic countries the volume of cross-border trade in alcoholic beverages is currently especially significant in five geographic areas.

Conclusions

Not only factors derived from the basic economic theory of consumer behaviour, but a mixed variety of intervening factors, as for instance manmade hindrances or geographical circumstances, markedly influence cross-border trade in alcoholic beverages in the Nordic countries.
NRBP2 Overexpression Inhibits Cell Proliferation and Migration and Increases Cisplatin Sensitivity in Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma
Authors: Li Xiaopeng , Chen Xin , Jiang Jue , Yang Shuanying , Gao Ya
Published: December 2017

Aims:

Nuclear receptor binding protein 2 is ubiquitously expressed in all tissues in humans. However, few studies have reported the function of nuclear receptor binding protein 2 in human cancers.

Methods:

Immunohistochemistry and Reverse Transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) were used to detect nuclear receptor binding protein 2 expression in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma tissues. Cell Counting Kit-8 assay, flow cytometry, Transwell assay, wound healing assay, and Western blotting were used for the functional study of nuclear receptor binding protein 2. All statistical analyses were performed using SPSS 19.0.

Results:

Survival analysis showed that high expression of nuclear receptor binding protein 2 led to better prognosis. Overexpressed nuclear receptor binding protein 2 can inhibit the proliferation rate of cholangiocarcinoma cells while having a slight effect on cell apoptosis. Gain-of-function experiments showed that overexpressed nuclear receptor binding protein 2 could lead to G1 phase arrest in RBE and CCLP cell lines. Furthermore, Transwell assay showed that overexpressed nuclear receptor binding protein 2 could inhibit the migration ability of RBE and CCLP cell lines. Western blot analysis showed that E-cadherin was upregulated, while N-cadherin and vimentin were downregulated. In addition, we observed that overexpressed nuclear receptor binding protein 2 can also increase the cisplatin sensitivity of cholangiocarcinoma cells by regulating the Mammalian Target of Rapamycin (mTOR) pathway.

Conclusions:

Our study observed that nuclear receptor binding protein 2 played a tumor suppressive role in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma, which may be attributable to the induction of G1 phase arrest and inhibition of progression of epithelial–mesenchymal transition, and overexpression of nuclear receptor binding protein 2 leads to improved efficiency of cisplatin treatment.
Not just a marker: CD34 on human hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells dominates vascular selectin binding along with CD44
Authors: AbuSamra Dina B. , Aleisa Fajr A. , Al-Amoodi Asma S. , Jalal Ahmed Heba M. , Chin Chee Jia , Abuelela Ayman F. , Bergam Ptissam , Sougrat Rachid , Merzaban Jasmeen S.
Published: December 2017

Key Points

Human HSPCs expressing CD34 exhibit E-selectin binding activity, whereas those lacking CD34 do not. CD34 is a unique E- and P-selectin ligand on human HSPCs that binds with kinetics comparable to other known selectin ligands.
The issue of immigrants in Italy: a rational model of immigration management by Italian municipalities
Authors: Baudino Marco
Published: December 2017

This paper aims to analyze the increasing issue of overcongestion affecting the immigration hosting facilities of many Italian municipalities, as well as the heterogeneity in immigration regulatory behavior emerging among the latter. Since 2014, the immigration rate in Italy has tripled and the redistribution process of immigrants among municipalities has increased in a sustained manner. Municipalities receive financial subsidies from the central government for hosting immigrants; at the same time, many of them have been experiencing a series of rigidities in the form of complaints by both firms and local residents when having to modify their desired rate of immigrant arrivals. I introduce an intertemporal dynamic framework where a municipal authority rationally maximizes its utility from allowing immigrants to relocate to its jurisdiction, while considering the disutility cost of rigidities and the negative repercussions of having a congestion level of its hosting facilities different from the optimal one. From the model, two major findings emerge. Firstly, the optimal congestion level for a municipality always corresponds to a situation of overcongestion. Secondly, even though the level of rigidities does not affect the steady-state level, it does affect the process of convergence towards it, resulting in either monotonic or oscillating paths of convergence.
Direct Extraction of Polysaccharides from Moso Bamboo (Phylostachys heterocycla) Chips Using a Mixed Solvent System of an Amino Acid Ionic Liquid with Polar Aprotic Solvent
Authors: Dong Yue , Takeshita Tokio , Miyafuji Hisashi , Nokami Toshiki , Itoh Toshiyuki
Published: December 2017

The cellulose-dissolving ability and some physical properties of mixed solvents of an amino acid IL, N-methyl-N-(2-methoxyethyl)pyrolidin-1-ium 2,6-diaminohexanoate ([P1ME][Lys]), with polar aprotic solvents, such as 1,3-dimethylimidazolidinone (DMI), N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF), dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO), and acetonitrile (CH3CN), have been investigated. The viscosity was significantly reduced by the increasing content of polar aprotic solvents, and a 1:1 mixture (molar ratio) of [P1ME][Lys] with DMF showed 91.5 cP which corresponded to less than 1/10 compared to that of the pure IL at 25 °C (1058 cP). The β values of the mixed solvents, which have the IL contents over 0.1, exhibited β-values similar to that of the pure IL. On the other hand, the π-value was dependent on the ratio of the IL content, and the pure IL had the highest π-value. We found that the mixed solvent of [P1ME][Lys] with DMF (1:1) easily dissolved the cellulose and the mixed solvent could be used to extract cellulose from moso bamboo (Phylostachys heterocycla) powder. The efficiency of the extraction of cellulose from the bamboo powder was significantly increased when a 1:1 mixture of the IL with a polar aprotic solvent was used as the extracting solvent at 60 °C; the extraction ratio of the 1:1 mixture (IL: DMF) reached twice that of the pure IL. We thus obtained cellulose in 18% (w/w) yield from the bamboo powder.
Utility of massive open online courses (MOOCs) concerning outbreaks of emerging and reemerging diseases
Authors: Bendezu-Quispe Guido , Torres-Roman Junior Smith , Salinas-Ochoa Brenda , Hernández-Vásquez Akram
Published: December 2017

The emergence and re-emergence of infectious diseases such as Ebola, chikungunya, and Zika increase the necessity of knowledgeable and skilled health professionals. Massive open online courses (MOOCs) arise as opportunities that allow people around the world to participate in higher education courses. A search was conducted on specialized MOOC platforms to find courses related to outbreaks, using terms included in the list of the WHO disease outbreaks from January 1st to December 31st, 2016. We found seven courses about Ebola, two about Zika, three about the dynamics of epidemics and pandemics, and only one course about dengue, chikungunya, and malaria. Most of the courses were conducted in English. The courses on Ebola, Zika and chikungunya were released after their last outbreak. MOOCs could be used to learn about health issues of global relevance, and with the necessity of fast divulgation of knowledge and skills. Translating the courses into more languages could give these courses more traction, and allow participation of professionals in regions affected by these outbreaks.
Suppression of the dayside magnetopause surface modes
Authors: Пилипенко Вячеслав , Pilipenko Vyacheslav , Козырева Ольга , Kozyreva Olga , Бэддели Лиза , Baddeley Liza , Лорентцен Дэг , Lorentzen Dag , Белаховский Владимир , Belakhovsky Vladimir
Published: December 2017

Magnetopause surface eigenmodes were suggested as a potential source of dayside high-latitude broadband pulsations in the Pc5-6 band (frequency about 1–2 mHz). However, the search for a ground signature of these modes has not provided encouraging results. The comparison of multi-instrument data from Svalbard with the latitudinal structure of Pc5-6 pulsations, recorded by magnetometers covering near-cusp latitudes, has shown that often the latitudinal maximum of pulsation power occurs about 2–3° deeper in the magnetosphere than the dayside open-closed field line boundary (OCB). The OCB proxy was determined from SuperDARN radar data as the equatorward boundary of enhanced width of a return radio signal. The OCB-ULF correspondence is further examined by comparing the latitudinal profile of the near-noon pulsation power with the equatorward edge of the auroral red emission from the meridian scanning photometer. In most analyzed events, the “epicenter” of Pc5-6 power is at 1–2° lower latitude than the optical OCB proxy. Therefore, the dayside Pc5-6 pulsations cannot be associated with the ground image of the magnetopause surface modes or with oscillations of the last field line. A lack of ground response to these modes beneath the ionospheric projection of OCB seems puzzling. As a possible explanation, we suggest that a high variability of the outer magnetosphere near the magnetopause region may suppress the excitation efficiency. To quantify this hypothesis, we consider a driven field line resonator terminated by conjugate ionospheres with stochastic fluctuations of its eigenfrequency. A solution of this problem predicts a substantial deterioration of resonant properties of MHD resonator even under a relatively low level of background fluctuations. This effect may explain why there is no ground response to magnetopause surface modes or oscillations of the last field line at the OCB latitude, but it can be seen at somewhat lower latitudes with more regular and stable magnetic and plasma structure.
AHP CONFLICT RESOLUTION IN ACTION: THE PERUVIAN HOSTAGE CRISIS OF 1996 – 1997 RE-VISITED
Authors: Mu Enrique
Published: December 2017

The AHP analysis of the Peruvian hostage crisis of 1996-1997 is particularly significant because it was the first, and to my knowledge, only time that an AHP analysis of a hostage situation was done while the events were unfolding (Saaty & Mu, 1997). It shows the power of hierarchical thinking in terms of summarizing a complex crisis into two simple hierarchies of 3 to 4 criteria and 4 alternatives. In addition, this study shows the power of sensitivity analysis to compensate for the lack of experts to estimate the true criteria weights of the parties and, finally, the analysis was completed within the five-week period of the crisis duration and on time to potentially influence the outcome. https://doi.org/10.13033/ijahp.v9i3.517
THE MAGIC OF THE ANALYTIC HIERARCHY PROCESS (AHP)
Authors: Cooper Orrin
Published: December 2017

Dr. Thomas Saaty developed the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) with the underlying goal of making it simple and accessible to the lay user. In Saaty’s own words, the AHP is based on how “ordinary people process information” and “express the strength of their judgments” (Saaty, 1994, p. 37). Because he was successful in developing the AHP in accordance with these goals, when decision makers use the AHP their experience can feel magical as they find pairwise comparisons natural and can relate to the final priorities. Careful investigation of the axioms, theorems, and proofs shows that the AHP is more than just magic and provides scientific justification of the highest order. Five important components of the AHP and some background into the history of its development are summarized and highlighted from Saaty’s article, “How to Make a Decision: the Analytic Hierarchy Process” (Saaty, 1994). https://doi.org/10.13033/ijahp.v9i3.519
THE PROPERTIES OF HUMAN BEING'S DECISION MAKING
Authors: Yoon Min-Suk
Published: December 2017

In order to honor Thomas Saaty, the developer of Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP)/ Analytic Network Process (ANP), and focus on the paper he wrote just before he died, this essay mentions the rank order problem due to the addition/deletion of irrelevant alternatives over which there were controversies in the AHP. Saaty ended the controversies with the explanation that both rank preservation and rank reversal are possible depending on the decision making circumstance. In this paper, we will summarize the three properties that fundamentally act on how to prioritize and aggregate the subjective judgments of human beings in ranking alternatives: comparisons, judgmental dependency and rank order. This essay also mentions the rank order in relation to the cases of addition/deletion of irrelevant criteria from previous studies. This essay closes by expressing gratitude to Thomas Saaty for his work. https://doi.org/10.13033/ijahp.v9i3.528
SAATY 1977: THE BUILDING BLOCKS
Authors: Wedley William
Published: December 2017

Saaty’s 1977 article is his first comprehensive publication of the ideas behind AHP. He reveals his creativity in a new method for ratio measurement that includes pairwise ratio matrices, derived ratio scales from those matrices, and checks on the consistency of data.  His ingenuity in using ratio measures is revealed by the use of hierarchical structures to display priorities and then a rescaling of them in a manner that allows synthesis for a composite ratio result. Face validity is provided by many supporting examples and mathematical validity is provided by the solution to many theorems. https://doi.org/10.13033/ijahp.v9i3.532
SEVEN
Authors: Sagir Özdemir Mujgan
Published: December 2017

The limitations on human performance, especially on processing information, have continuously received attention since Miller’s (1956) seminal article. Thomas L. Saaty added to the body of knowledge with a paper titled, ‘Why the Magic Number Seven Plus or Minus Two’, and this memoir essay summarizes that paper and its main contribution to the literature and science (Saaty & Özdemir, 2003). The paper concludes by supporting the idea that to serve both consistency and redundancy, it is best to keep the number of elements to seven or less, and therefore Miller’s seven plus or minus two is indeed a limit on our ability to process information. Thomas L. Saaty was born on the 7th month of the year and passed away on August 7*2 = 14, 2017.https://doi.org/10.13033/ijahp.v9i3.552
About this Special Issue
Authors: Mu Enrique
Published: December 2017

We publish this issue still besieged by the sadness of the passing away of our founder and creator of the AHP methodology, Dr. Thomas Saaty –simply “Tom” for all of us who were lucky to work with him and to enjoy his collegiality and friendship. For this reason, this issue is dedicated to his memory and who better person to guest edit this special issue than Rozann Saaty, his close collaborator and lifelong companion...https://doi.org/10.13033/ijahp.v9i3.554
Sensory Behaviors in Minimally Verbal Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder: How and When Do Caregivers Respond?
Authors: Harrop Clare , Tu Nicole , Landa Rebecca , Kasier Ann , Kasari Connie
Published: December 2017

Sensory behaviors are widely reported in autism spectrum disorder (ASD). However, the impact of these behaviors on families remains largely unknown. This study explored how caregivers of minimally verbal children with ASD responded to their child's sensory behaviors. Using a mixed-methods approach, we examined two variables for each endorsed child behavior: (1) Did the caregiver respond/try to change the behavior? and (2) What response did they employ? Caregivers did not differ in the frequency of responses to hypo- or hyper-responsive behaviors but employed different responses. Caregivers responded to more social sensory behaviors and predominately changed their own behavior in response to their child's. Our findings demonstrate how extensively caregivers adapt to their child's behaviors and vary their response dependent on behavior exhibited.
Causes of Mortality in Older People With Intellectual Disability: Results From the HA-ID Study
Authors: Oppewal Alyt , Schoufour Josje D. , van der Maarl Hanne J.K. , Evenhuis Heleen M. , Hilgenkamp Thessa I.M. , Festen Dederieke A.
Published: December 2017

We aim to provide insight into the cause-specific mortality of older adults with intellectual disability (ID), with and without Down syndrome (DS), and compare this to the general population. Immediate and primary cause of death were collected through medical files of 1,050 older adults with ID, 5 years after the start of the Healthy Ageing and Intellectual Disabilities (HA-ID) study. During the follow-up period, 207 (19.7%) participants died, of whom 54 (26.1%) had DS. Respiratory failure was the most common immediate cause of death (43.4%), followed by dehydration/malnutrition (20.8%), and cardiovascular diseases (9.4%). In adults with DS, the most common cause was respiratory disease (73.3%), infectious and bacterial diseases (4.4%), and diseases of the digestive system (4.4%). Diseases of the respiratory system also formed the largest group of primary causes of death (32.1%; 80.4% was due to pneumonia), followed by neoplasms (17.6%), and diseases of the circulatory system (8.2%). In adults with DS, the main primary cause was also respiratory diseases (51.1%), followed by dementia (22.2%).
Multimorbidity and Polypharmacy Are Independently Associated With Mortality in Older People With Intellectual Disabilities: A 5-Year Follow-Up From the HA-ID Study
Authors: Schoufour Josje D. , Oppewal Alyt , van der Maarl Hanne J.K. , Hermans Heidi , Evenhuis Heleen M. , Hilgenkamp Thessa I.M. , Festen Dederieke A.
Published: December 2017

We studied the association between multimorbidity, polypharmacy, and mortality in 1,050 older adults (50+) with intellectual disability (ID). Multimorbidity (presence of ≥ 4 chronic health conditions) and polypharmacy (presence ≥ 5 chronic medication prescriptions) were collected at baseline. Multimorbidity included a wide range of disorders, including hearing impairment, thyroid dysfunction, autism, and cancer. Mortality data were collected during a 5-year follow-up period. Cox proportional hazards models were used to determine the independent association between multimorbidity and polypharmacy with survival. Models were adjusted for age, sex, level of ID, and the presence of Down syndrome. We observed that people classified as having multimorbidity or polypharmacy at baseline were 2.60 (95% CI = 1.86–3.66) and 2.32 (95% CI = 1.70–3.16) times more likely to decease during the follow-up period, respectively, independent of age, sex, level of ID, and the presence of Down syndrome. Although slightly attenuated, we found similar hazard ratios if the model for multimorbidity was adjusted for polypharmacy and vice versa. We showed for the first time that multimorbidity and polypharmacy are strong predictors for mortality in people with ID. Awareness and screening of these conditions is important to start existing treatments as soon as possible. Future research is required to develop interventions for older people with ID, aiming to reduce the incidence of polypharmacy and multimorbidity.
Mapping the Contexts of Contemporary Curating: The Visual Arts Exhibitionary Complex
Authors: Smith Terry
Published: December 2017

In cities throughout the world, the Visual Arts Exhibitionary Complex (VAEC) is a constellation of exhibitionary venues that ranges from metropolitan museums to pop-up installations and Internet postings. This article maps VAECs as historical developments, as power hierarchies, and as consisting of distinct but internally dynamic elements that interact with each other constantly. VAECs are the primary contexts in which curating is done today, so this article also presents a series of charts that outline the historical evolution and the current forms of professional categorization within curating: types of exhibition, display formats, curatorial styles, projective publics and modes of collaboration.
The Curatorial and Its Mediation
Authors: Möntmann Nina
Published: December 2017

This article examines recent exhibitions that serve as examples of the curatorial as a transdisciplinary method to activate and intervene in real-life contexts. These projects, organized by a diverse range of collectives and curators, mobilize domestic, urban and political zones in order to encourage participation in systemic social transformation. Here the notion of curatorial mediation is extended to the production of public discourse around specific topics, such as the black market or artistic censorship. The central task for curating today, then, involves intersecting with conflicts in various social and economic sectors and integrating them into processes of construction. By researching and engaging beyond the margins of the conventional cultural field, curators can critically investigate pressing concerns and seek out new methodologies to effect social change.
Intoxicacion por olanzapina en una adolescente
Authors: Farías Curtidor Luis Enrique , Blanco Caviedes Ginna Charlotte , Aguilar Mejía Javier Alfonso
Published: December 2017

Antecedentes: Los antipsicóticos atípicos han reemplazado a los agentes tradicionales por su menor proporción de efectos extrapiramidales. Las intoxicaciones y sobredosis relacionadas con estos medicamentos son un problema importante en países industrializados y no industrializados.

Resumen del caso: Adolescente femenina de 15 años de edad quien ingresó a la clínica por presentar alteración del estado de conciencia y movimientos anormales, sin antecedente inicial de ingesta de medicamentos. Los laboratorios iniciales evidenciaron alcalosis metabólica e hipocalemia leve, con resultados positivos para fenobarbital en un examen inicial toxicológico de orina y resultados negativos en un control posterior. Fue trasladada a la unidad de cuidados intermedios en donde persistió con alteración del estado de conciencia, fiebre constante y taquicardia. Debido a la falta de claridad respecto al cuadro clínico, se realizó una punción lumbar con resultados normales. Luego de interrogar una segunda vez a la familia, se documentó una ingesta de 52 tabletas de olanzapina antes del ingreso. Se sospechó síndrome neuroléptico maligno, los estudios posteriores fueron normales. La paciente evolucionó favorablemente. Luego de una valoración psiquiátrica, se decidió hacer seguimiento ambulatorio.

Conclusión: Ante la presencia de alteración del estado de conciencia, es importante considerar la posibilidad de intoxicación dentro del diagnóstico diferencial.
EFFECT OF PRIMING ON GERMINATION AND INITIAL GROWTH OF MELON PLANTS UNDER SALT STRESS
Authors: CASTAÑARES J. L. , BOUZO C. A.
Published: December 2017

The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of different osmotic agents and priming durations on the germination and initial growth of melon in salinity. The osmotic agents were NaCl and CaCl 2 and durations 2 and 4 days. First a response curve of germination to salinity was made. After priming the seeds were placed to germinate in a saline medium (14 dS m -1 ). The germination percentage was determined. The two treatments with the best results (NaCl and CaCl 2 2 days in both salts) were selected to evaluate the initial growth of the plants in salinity. It was sown in pots, irrigated with nutrient solution and 60 mM NaCl. The germination was reduced to 50% with 14 dS m -1 and inhibited with 22 dS m -1 . The best germination was achieved with NaCl and CaCl 2 2 days with 99 and 94% respectively. Both treatments showed an increase in growth parameters and chlorophyll content.
LA ORGANIZACION DE PRODUCTORES FAMILIARES EN LAS FERIAS FRANCAS DE LA PROVINCIA DE CÓRDOBA
Authors: FERRER G. , BARRIENTOS M. , SAAL G.
Published: December 2017

El objetivo de este artículo es comprender los procesos organizativos de 12 ferias francas de la provincia de Córdoba. Para ello se realizaron entrevistas a actores clave durante los años 2014 y 2015. Si bien las ferias francas son valoradas inicialmente como una solución apropiada tanto para los consumidores conscientes, como para los roductores familiares que buscan una alternativa de comercialización más sustentable, el análisis revela que las mismas son un campo social tensionado por relaciones de colaboración/competencia entre diversos actores que interactúan en el territorio. Los resultados permiten identifi car dos tendencias en disputa en la mayoría de los feriantes: i) la asamblearia, que sostiene una posición individualista y confía en la regulación del proceso que realizan los consumidores y; ii) la formalizante, que propicia la organización en comisiones internas que acuerden normas para el comportamiento de los feriantes.
TAMBEROS DE LA CUENCA LECHERA CENTRAL SANTAFESINA. ¿PRODUCTOR ASOCIADO O MANO DE OBRA?
Authors: SANDOVAL P. S. M. , LEONARDI R. , PERNUZZI C. , ALANDA G. , BENITEZ R. , ARNAUDO J. P. , BRANCE BONVINI M. I. , ACOSTA G. , EGGEL A. , MARTINS L.
Published: December 2017

El proceso de modernización del agro de las dos últimas décadas, incide directamente en un sujeto social de la cuenca lechera santafesina. 1990 genera nueva legislación que enmarca el trabajo y la vida del tambero y su familia, reconfi gurando este sujeto social fundamental. La metodología cualitativa utilizada fue Estudio de Caso sobre el Departamento las Colonias. Los resultados presentados en este artículo demuestran que los cambios ocurridos por la nueva fi gura legal del tambero, impactan en sus condiciones de vida. A pesar que la nueva legislación convierte al empleado tambero en productor asociado, no provoca mejoras en su situación socioeconómica. El trabajo completo es un proceso de articulación entre actividad científi ca y desarrollo rural, donde se identificaron y sistematizaron los contextos de ambas situaciones legales y los cambios en las condiciones de vida del tambero y su familia, suministrando conocimientos para orientar la tarea de extensión relacionada al desarrollo rural.
District Central Libraries in Rayalaseema Region of Andhra Pradesh: A Study
Authors: Raghavaiah Parvathaneni , Babu K. Surendra
Published: December 2017

This paper focuses on the functioning, library resources, services, and problems existing in the District Central Libraries of Rayalaseema region of  Andhra Pradesh. A survey was conducted using questionnaire tool for collecting data from the librarians of the District Central Libraries (DCL) regarding collection development, sources of grants, manpower, library services, physical and ICT infrastructural facilities, etc. The study reveals that majority of the libraries are possessing the collection in the range of 40,000 to 50,000. Further, it is also found that lack of staff, ICT facilities, lack of sufficient budget are the main problems faced by these libraries in Rayalaseema region.
Citation Analysis of Business Research: An International Journal in the Field of Business
Authors: Fatima Nishat
Published: December 2017

The present study is citation analysis of Business Research. It covers 18  issues of 9 volumes of Business Research published bi-annually during the period 2008-2016. The analysis covers the study of citation pattern and chronological growth citations. It also covers authorship pattern of the articles and various information sources of cited material. On the basis of citation analysis, a rank list of journals is prepared and core journals in the field of Business research are identified. Similarly, core areas of research are identified. The study reveals that researchers have cited journals (77.33%) more than books, editorial works and all other sources of information. Growth in collaborative trend of writing papers is also noticed as citations contributed by two authors is (37.67%) and single authors is (33.42%) followed by three authors (21.59%). Half-life of journal’s citations is found to be fourteen years. Bradford’s law doesn’t found fit in the study. Academy of Management Journal (157 citations), Strategic Management Journal (141 citations) and The Journal of Finance (136 citations) are the most cited journals. Supply chain management and advertising are the two main areas of research among researchers.
Análisis de la dieta consumida por niños y niñas en educación inicial durante la rutina diaria
Authors: Certad Villarroel Pedro A. , González Bavera Adela Carolina
Published: December 2017

El estudio tuvo como objetivo analizar los resultados encontrados a partir de la exploración de la dieta que consumen los niños de 3 a 6 años y la dieta balanceada recomendada para un niño en edad preescolar según el Instituto Nacional de Nutrición (INN). Se fundamenta en las bases de la Nutrición Infantil en concordancia con el nivel de Educación Inicial venezolana, las indicaciones nutricionales del INN, la Teoría Psicogenética de Piaget y su relación con la nutrición para la etapa preoperacional. El estudio es de tipo descriptivo, basado en un estudio transversal de muestras representativas con fundamento en el tipo de investigación de campo. En su diseño es no experimental, transeccional con una muestra intencional o no probabilística conformada por niños y niñas de educación inicial entre 3 y 6 años de edad, cursantes del Preescolar y que no están inscritos en el servicio interno de alimentación. Se abordó la muestra a través de instrumentos de escala de estimación, registro anecdótico y toma de notas obteniendo los siguientes hallazgos: el consumo del Grupo de Grasas y Aceites Vegetales representado por alimentos de tipo de cocción “fritura” y el Grupo de Azúcar, Miel y Papelón representados por alimentos de tipo “golosina”, predominaron en la dieta de los estudiantes de una manera pronunciada en relación a los otros grupos de alimentos observados los cuales se registraron entre los parámetros recomendados por las fuentes teóricas.
Patrimonios invisibles. Líneas de investigación desde la perspectiva de género y la recuperación de la memoria LGTB
Authors: Fernández Paradas Antonio Rafael
Published: December 2017

Con el presente trabajo, patrimonios invisibles. Líneas de investigación desde la perspectiva del género y la recuperación de la memoria LGTB, partiendo desde los estudios de género, el propio patrimonio y la educación patrimonial, pretendemos vislumbrar nuevos horizontes con respecto al tratamiento, visibilización y aportaciones de las mujeres y los colectivos LGTB al hecho patrimonial, y más concretamente, cómo las aportaciones y miradas de estos visibilizan esos patrimonios que son invisibles para la sociedad. Como objetivo específico, queremos ofrecer de manera ordenada y sistematizada un catálogo de diferentes opciones que permitan analizar el patrimonio desde el punto de vista del género, y de los estudios LGTB, para ello se incluyen diferentes líneas de investigación, tanto tradicionales, como de nuevo cuño, que permiten interpretar el patrimonio desde éstas perspectivas.
Gallego Herández, D. (ed.). 2015. Current Approaches to Business and Institutional Translation. Bern: Peter Lang.
Authors: Alcalde Peñalver Elena
Published: December 2017

La obra Current Approaches to Business and Institutional Translation, editada por Daniel Gallego-Hernández, supone un compendio novedoso de las principales aportaciones del congreso sobre traducción económica, comercial, financiera e institucional celebrado en la Universidad de Alicante en mayo de 2014. La obra resulta de interés para traductores que estén iniciándose en estos ámbitos de especialidad, traductores con experiencia, docentes e investigadores, pues aporta información práctica sobre cuestiones terminológicas que pueden resultar difíciles de abordar, consejos prácticos para conseguir un mayor nivel de especialización y con distintos tipos de clientes (entidades financieras, instituciones públicas, organismos internacionales), y metodologías de investigación y de trabajo que se pueden adoptar para futuros estudios.
Asociaciones científicas y academia de ciencias de Cuba: sinergias para el desarrollo
Authors: Perera López Danays Damarys , Saladrigas Medina Hilda , Leyva Maestre Yailuma , Linares Herrera Manuel Paulino
Published: December 2017

Las asociaciones científicas junto a otras organizaciones: universidades, empresas que desarrollan investigación, administraciones públicas, museos, están creando un gigantesco espacio de aprendizaje y comunicación de la ciencia. Las academias  y las asociaciones científicas, a nivel mundial, ofrecen un marco particularmente apropiado para la presentación y debate de las responsabilidades  sociales de esas comunidades. Los impactos de sus acciones de comunicación y divulgación científica, corroboran el alcance que pudieran tener en el desarrollo de una cultura científica, pero construyendo estos saberes con un enfoque integrador. La falta de diálogo entre distintos saberes, tópico ampliamente abordado en la literatura especializada, no se da, únicamente, entre los “saberes académicos” y los “saberes populares”, sino en las relaciones entre aquellas organizaciones que producen comunicación científica.Esta problemática está presente en las interacciones comunicativas que se desarrollan entre las asociaciones científicas, atendidas por la Academia de Ciencias de Cuba.  Realizar un primer diagnóstico y presentar una propuesta de solución a esta problemática, a partir de las herramientas que brinda la disciplina de la comunicación, es el objetivo de la propuesta investigativa. Asociaciones científicas: diálogo de saberes para el desarrollo, investigación que se desarrolla en la XIV Edición de la Maestría en Ciencias de la Comunicación. Se presentan resultados de la investigación.
Mixed Neurodevelopmental and Neurodegenerative Pathology inNhe6-Null Mouse Model of Christianson Syndrome
Authors: Xu Meiyu , Ouyang Qing , Gong Jingyi , Pescosolido Matthew F. , Pruett Brandon S. , Mishra Sasmita , Schmidt Michael , Jones Richard N. , Gamsiz Uzun Ece D. , Lizarraga Sofia B. , Morrow Eric M.
Published: December 2017

Christianson syndrome (CS) is an X-linked disorder resulting from loss-of-function mutations inSLC9A6, which encodes the endosomal Na+/H+exchanger 6 (NHE6). Symptoms include early developmental delay, seizures, intellectual disability, nonverbal status, autistic features, postnatal microcephaly, and progressive ataxia. Neuronal development is impaired in CS, involving defects in neuronal arborization and synaptogenesis, likely underlying diminished brain growth postnatally. In addition to neurodevelopmental defects, some reports have supported neurodegenerative pathology in CS with age. The objective of this study was to determine the nature of progressive changes in the postnatal brain inNhe6-null mice. We examined the trajectories of brain growth and atrophy in mutant mice from birth until very old age (2 yr). We report trajectories of volume changes in the mutant that likely reflect both brain undergrowth as well as tissue loss. Reductions in volume are first apparent at 2 mo, particularly in the cerebellum, which demonstrates progressive loss of Purkinje cells (PCs). We report PC loss in two distinctNhe6-null mouse models. More widespread reductions in tissue volumes, namely, in the hippocampus, striatum, and cortex, become apparent after 2 mo, largely reflecting delays in growth with more limited tissue losses with aging. Also, we identify pronounced glial responses, particularly in major fiber tracts such as the corpus callosum, where the density of activated astrocytes and microglia are substantially increased. The prominence of the glial response in axonal tracts suggests a primary axonopathy. Importantly, therefore, our data support both neurodevelopmental and degenerative mechanisms in the pathobiology of CS.
Feeder Approach between Trials Is Increased by Uncertainty and Affects Subsequent Choices
Authors: Gruber Aaron J. , Thapa Rajat , Randolph Sienna H.
Published: December 2017

Animals quickly learn to approach sources of food. Here, we report on a form of approach in which rats made volitional orofacial contact with inactive feeders between trials of a self-paced operant task. This extraneous feeder sampling (EFS) was never reinforced and therefore imposed an opportunity and effort cost. EFS decreased during initial training but persisted thereafter. The relative rate of EFS to operant responding increased with novel changes to the operant chamber, reward devaluation by prefeeding, or lesions to the dorsolateral striatum. We speculate that this may function to increase exploration when the task is uncertain (early in learning or introduction of novel apparatus components), when the opportunity cost is low, or when the learned sensorimotor solution is compromised. Moreover, EFS strongly affected subsequent choices by triggering a lose-shift response away from the sampled feeder, even though it occurred outside of the trial context. This indicates that at least some behaviors occurring between trials impact future behaviors and should be considered in decision-making studies.
Legionnaires’ disease as an occupational risk related to decontamination work after the Fukushima nuclear disaster: A case report
Authors: Sawano Toyoaki , Tsubokura Masaharu , Ozaki Akihiko , Leppold Claire , Kato Shigeaki , Kambe Toshiyuki
Published: December 2017

Objectives

Legionnaires’ disease (LD), which is atypical pneumonia with a broad variety of clinical symptoms, can lead to death despite its low incidence. There are multiple risk factors for LD, yet little information is available concerning what kind of environmental factors are linked to higher risk of LD development. We have experienced a fatal case of LD, which occurred in a decontamination worker after the Fukushima nuclear disaster.

Case

A 53-year-old Japanese male visited our hospital with symptoms of fever, vomiting, diarrhea, and altered mental status, but not with respiratory manifestations. He was engaged in decontamination work, which generally includes operations such as the removal of topsoil in mountainous areas and cleaning roads and roofs of residential buildings with highpressure water. He was required to wear specific equipment to prevent radiation exposure, and lived in a workers’ dormitory or shared house, thereby sharing spaces with other workers. Normal antibiotic therapy did not improve his symptoms following his diagnosis with pneumonia. A urinary antigen detection test was then conducted, leading to a diagnosis of LD. Despite the change of antibiotic to levofloxacin, multiple organ failure led to his death.

Conclusion

Decontamination workers may be at a high risk for developing LD and living and working conditions among them are possible contributors.
Cross-sectional Internet-based survey of Japanese permanent daytime workers’ sleep and daily rest periods
Authors: Ikeda Hiroki , Kubo Tomohide , Sasaki Takeshi , Liu Xinxin , Matsuo Tomoaki , So Rina , Matsumoto Shun , Yamauchi Takashi , Takahashi Masaya
Published: December 2017

Objectives

This study aimed to describe the sleep quantity, sleep quality, and daily rest periods (DRPs) of Japanese permanent daytime workers.

Methods

Information about the usual DRP, sleep quantity, and sleep quality (Japanese version of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index: PSQI-J) of 3,867 permanent daytime workers in Japan was gathered through an Internet-based survey. This information was analyzed and divided into the following eight DRP groups: <10, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, and ≥ 16 h.

Results

The sleep durations for workers in the <10, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, and ≥ 16 h DRP groups were found to be 5.3, 5.9, 6.1, 6.3, 6.5, 6.7, 6.7, and 6.9 h, respectively. The trend analysis revealed a significant linear trend as the shorter the DRP, the shorter was the sleep duration. The PSQI-J scores for the <10, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, and ≥ 16 h DRP groups were 7.1, 6.7, 6.7, 6.3, 6.0 (5.999), 5.6, 5.2, and 5.2, respectively. The trend analysis revealed a significant linear trend as the shorter the DRP, the lower was the sleep quality.

Conclusions

This study described sleep quantity, sleep quality, and DRP in Japanese daytime workers. It was found that a shorter DRP was associated with poorer sleep quantity as well as quality.
Understanding the administrative regulation on occupational health and trend in China
Authors: Zhou Zhijun
Published: December 2017

With the immense economic growth and social development, China has gained worldwide attention. With the quick growth of industrialization, several international professionals are gaining interest in occupational management system and in the role of the Chinese Government in protecting the worker’s health. The Law on Prevention and Control of Occupational Diseases and the Work Safety Law are the two most important laws in China, which highlight the responsibilities of the employer, employee, governmental agencies, authorized occupational health service agency, and other stakeholders. The State Council comprises two departments, namely, the State Administration on Work Safety (SAWS) and the National Health and Family Planning Commission (NHFPC), which are responsible for governing the occupational health work. A series of regulations and standards have been promulgated by the Chinese Government to encourage or instruct the employers to fulfill their responsibility; however, several issues persist related to occupational health work, including administrative, technological, and sociocultural aspects. At present, the Chinese Government wants to enhance the reform in both economic and administrative structures, and the adjustments for modifying and / or improving the occupational health regulatory system are expected. Notably, the occupational health work in China must be altered for better.
Evaluation of the optic nerve head and peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thickness in patients receiving Electro-Convulsive Therapy
Authors: Shahraki Kourosh , Khosravi Alireza , Kaffashipour Shiva , Shahraki Kianoush , Sadeghi Masoud
Published: December 2017

Background: Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is a method commonly used in the treatment of psychiatric disorders. As ocular side effects from OCT are less studied and discussed, the aim of this study was to evaluate the profile of the peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thickness in patients receiving ECT.

Method: This study was performed on 30 patients who had indication for ECT. After recording demographic data, retinal nerve fiber layer thickness was measured by using spectral domain optical coherence tomography (Heidelberg Engineering, Heidelberg, Germany) of optic nerve head and peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer.

Results: Our results showed that for most of the studied variables, the normal range was observed in less than 85% of patients receiving ECT. Variables which were outside the normal range were: cup disk (C/D) ratio (right and left eyes were 50% and 46.7%, respectively), vertical C/D ratio (right and left eyes were 53.3% and 46.7%, respectively), and cup volume (right and left eyes were 53.3% and 33.3%, respectively).

Conclusion: This study showed that a high percentage of patients receiving ECT had changes in the optic nerve head while intra-ocular pressure in these patients was normal. It is warranted for examiners to pay attention to diagnosis of normal tension glaucoma in patients receiving ECT.