bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Aging Population Challenges and the Role of Thai Adolescents in Caring for the Elderly: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Wongkongdech Ranee , Wongkongdech Piangfa , Srisaknok Tharinee , Seesarn Mayura , Chanthamath Souksathaphone , Wongkongdech Adisorn
Published: May 2024

This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the perspective and caregiving practices of Thai adolescents towards the elderly in the Northeastern region of Thailand. The study was carried out during July 1st to September 30th, 2023 among 1,551 participants in grades 4-6 from eight randomly selected schools. The analyzing using descriptive statistics. The results found that the average age was 15.30±1.66 years old, 62.4% were female, and most lived with their parents and relatives. About 36.4% of parents have experienced either widowhood or separation, 69.4% of families had a monthly income less than 15,000 THB. While 33.7% had an elderly person in the family, 1.6% lived with bedridden patients, and 40.3% required assistance in daily activities such as cooking, mobility, while 58.7% had diabetes and high blood pressure. 59.3% did not have a primary caregiver in the family, only parents or relatives usually taking on this role. Adolescent grandchildren spent the majority of their time on education. Almost one of three rarely took care of the elderly, even though their parents and teachers taught about moral responsibility. Regarding the belief in the merit that would arise from taking care of the elderly, one of five was indifferent or did not believe, while half of them believed to some extent. From self-assessment of their ability to take care of the elderly, most were in the moderate and low levels, despite receiving information from family, teachers, or various media. The predominant perspective is that caregiving is perceived as the responsibility of parents or health professionals, and the belief that the elderly is captious and irksome. Therefore, it is advisable to present policy-oriented information across education, health, and societal dimensions to support children and young people to learn about elderly individuals and instilling their responsibility within families and societies, fostering a sustainable and well-being-oriented community.
Time Series Forecasting of Cardiovascular Mortality: Machine Learning Based on State Economic and Local Medical Data
Authors: Gebel German , Metsker Oleg , Fedorenko Alexey , Yakovlev Alexey , Zvartau Nadezhda E. , Kopanitsa Georgy
Published: May 2024

This study focuses on the complex interplay of healthcare, economic factors, and population dynamics, addressing a research gap in regional-level models that integrate diverse features within a temporal framework. Our primary objective is to develop an advanced temporal model for predicting cardiovascular mortality in Russian regions by integrating global and local healthcare features with economic and population dynamics. Utilizing a dataset from the Almazov Center’s Department of Mortality Performance Monitoring, covering 94 regions and 752 records from January 1, 2015, to December 31, 2023, our analysis incorporates key parameters such as angioplasty procedures, population morbidity rates, Ischemic Heart Disease (IHD) and Cardiovascular Diseases (CVD) monitoring, and demographic data. Employing XGBoost and a regression model, our methodology ensures the model’s robustness and generalizability.
The ‘Reasonable Patient’ of 2027: A Vision Paper
Authors: Dowie Jack , Kaltoft Mette Kjer
Published: May 2024

The verdict of the UK Supreme Court in the case of Bellman versus Boojum-Snark Integrated Care Trust (2027) will have profound implications for medical practice, medical education, and medical research, as well as the regulation of medicine and allied healthcare fields. Major changes will result from the definition of person-centred care built into the expanded definition of informed and preference-based consent central to the judgment made in favour of Bellman’s negligence claim. (For the avoidance of doubt this is a vision paper.)
Empathetic and Emotive Design Heuristics: Preliminary Results of Their Application to Evaluating Survey User Interfaces
Authors: Kushniruk Andre W. , Farghali Amr , Holizki Lois , Kletke Ryan , le Nobel Claire , McWilliams Georgia , Wagner Evangeline , Zinovich Sasha A. , Whitehouse Sandy , Borycki Elizabeth M.
Published: May 2024

Empathetic and emotive design is becoming increasingly important in the digital age. In this research we describe the results of a combined cognitive walkthrough and heuristic evaluation using newly developed, empirically derived empathy or emotive design heuristics. We applied the heuristics to the evaluation of four commonly used survey platforms. Our preliminary findings revealed that the heuristics performed effectively in scoring survey platforms on their level of empathy. Survey platforms that are highly empathetic were scored highest.
Stakeholder Perception’s of Cybersecurity for Welfare Technology and Remote Care Devices
Authors: Skjelvik Alvhild
Published: May 2024

In healthcare, there are various stakeholders who hold different understandings of technology. Cybersecurity risks may also be something these stakeholder have varying perceptions of. This papers explores how cybersecurity risks are understood by two key stakeholder groups in the Norwegian healthcare sector related to welfare technology and personal healthcare devices. Two stakeholder groups (healthcare workers and technology vendors) have been interviewed to gather data on this topic. Key findings highlight that there are differences in how risks are perceived, both in terms of likelihood and in consequence. We apply risk perception theory to analyze these findings and provide suggestions for further research within this topic.
FAOSTAT Food Value Chain Domain implementation: Input Output modelling and analytical applications
Authors: Cerilli Silvia , Vollaro Michele , Boero Veronica , d’Ortigue Olivier Lavagne , Yi Jing
Published: May 2024

The recent increasing attention to the economic and policy analysis of the food systems from international fora, public institutions and academia calls for the availability of information and data capable of informing about the interrelations across economic sectors and within value chains. The international policy agenda is pushing for a more effective application of measures at country and regional level in line with the recommendations of the 2030 Agenda and its Sustainable Development Goals, for which more systematic and integrated data about economic, social and environmental impacts of policies are requested. The Food Value Chain Domain recently published in FAOSTAT responds to this call. Its data and information shed light on the distribution of final domestic food expenditures across industries (Agriculture, Food Processing, Wholesale, Retail, Accommodations and Food Services) and primary factors (e.g.: Labour, Gross Operating Surplus) on the relative food value chain. The FAOSTAT Domain offers therefore robust and granular information on both the farm and the post-farm gate component of the Food Value Chain.

The applied Global Food Dollar methodology, that FAO is contributing to upscale at global level, is based on Leontief decomposition approach on the Input-Output tables. Moreover, whenever the Input-Output table are not available, it is now possible to impute them from Supply-Use tables by applying a conversion methodology, developed by FAO in compliance with European (EUROSTAT), United Nations (UNSD) and international statistical standards as the System of National Accounts. This allows to extend the analysis to several African, Asian, and Latin American countries that produce on regular basis only Supply and Use Tables, and not Industry by industry Input Output Tables. The potential time and data coverage of the methodology is therefore significantly expanded.

The aim of this paper is to describe the conceptual framework of the conversion methodology of Supply-Use Tables into Input-Output Tables of the Global Food Dollar methodology, and the potential implementation scope of these methodologies. Preliminary analytical findings of the applied methodologies are presented as well.

The new methods and data presented in this paper, being based on data compliant with the International Statistical Standards, as the System of National Accounts, and therefore comparable across countries, associated to larger data availability, have the potential to effectively support food policies at international, regional and national level, as well as contribute to a decision making in line with the 2030 Agenda.
Undergraduates’ comparative assessment, utilizing a structured rubric, of hands-on versus video-supported presentation in class II cavity preparation
Authors: Mittal Priya , Jadhav Ganesh Ranganath , Abdul Kader M Mohammed , Al-Qarni Mohammed A. , Sindi Abdulelah Sameer , Cicciù Marco , Minervini Giuseppe
Published: May 2024

BACKGROUND: Dental education is considered as a complex, challenging and often stressful educational procedure. Acquisition of psychomotor skills by undergraduate students is an important step in many health professions to become a successful professional. During under graduation, class II cavity preparation exercise is of utmost important in dentistry. OBJECTIVE: To compare class II cavities prepared by students after hands-on live demonstration and pre-recorded video demonstration using well-organised evaluation rubrics. METHOD: Preclinical dental students (n= 50) were divided into two groups. The students in group I (n= 25) attended a hands-on live demonstration performed by one faculty while students in group II (n= 25) watched a 15-minute pre-recorded procedural video on the projector. Both groups were appealed to prepare class II cavity for amalgam involving disto-occlusal surface of mandibular second molar articulated on jaw model (TRU LON study model, Jayna industries, Ghaziabad U.P., India). Following completion of the preparations, all teeth were collected, and labelled grades of prepared cavities were given according to prespecified rubrics. The data of scores were presented as means and standard deviation. Statistical analysis of data was executed using SPSS software. A paired t-test was used to compare scores between groups. RESULTS: The study shows that the video-supported demonstration of a cavity preparation was better than the live hands-on demonstration. A higher mean response for the procedural video group was found compared to the live demonstration group (p= 0.000133). CONCLUSION: Pre-recorded video-supported demonstration along with guidance by a tutor may be a viable alternative to hands-on live demonstration in cavity preparation procedures during undergraduate dental training. Moreover, rubric methods can be implemented in the teaching of various preclinical exercises for conservative dentistry and endodontics.
Dizziness-related disability in persons with post-COVID condition: A cross sectional study
Authors: Östlind Elin , Ekstrand Elisabeth , Axén Iben , Brogårdh Christina , Fänge Agneta Malmgren , Stigmar Kjerstin , Ekvall Hansson Eva
Published: May 2024

BACKGROUND:

Dizziness is a common symptom in post-COVID condition (PCC) which may have a large impact on several life domains. However, knowledge on dizziness-severity and disability in PCC is sparse.

OBJECTIVE:

The aim was to describe the severity of dizziness-related disability in individuals with PCC, and how it is manifested in daily life.

METHODS:

A questionnaire regarding symptoms of PCC, health, and dizziness-related handicap was administered online, and 524 persons with PCC and dizziness were included.

RESULTS:

Mean score of the Dizziness Handicap Inventory was 35.2 (24.0) and 51.8%, were classified as having moderate/severe dizziness-related disability. The percentage of maximum value for the subscales were: Physical manifestation, 48%, Emotional Impact, 36% and Catastrophic Impact, 17%. The greatest influence on physical movements was when bending forward, head shaking or doing strenuous physical activities or household chores.

CONCLUSIONS:

Half had moderate or severe dizziness-related disability and the physical manifestations occurred mostly during specific or strenuous body movements. This indicate a vestibular impairment that may be effectively managed with vestibular rehabilitation. Assessment and treatment of dizziness might be an essential part in PCC rehabilitation and future research should continue to explore the potential causal pathways of dizziness in PCC.
Shopping Mall Motorcycle Parking Lot Mobile Application: An Alternative Parking Payment Method
Authors:   INTI International College Penang, Malaysia, Hong Ooi Kean , Jayahkudy Usha ,   INTI International College Penang, Malaysia
Published: May 2024

The purpose of this study is to address the current payment method for shopping mall motorcycle parking lot in Penang, Malaysia. The study aims to provide a shopping mall motorcycle parking mobile application for motorcyclists to pay the parking fee at shopping mall motorcycle parking lot in Penang Island which is commonly available at one designated location such as in the basement level or outdoor area. The project methodology used for this project is Rapid Application Development (RAD), which incorporates a prototyping approach enabling developers to implement valuable feedback before finalizing the product. This study results in M A R C as a shopping mall motorcycle parking lot mobile application that is the proposed solution that provides an alternative payment method for motorcyclists by introducing a payment method for motorcyclists through the mobile application. The mobile application was developed to provide additional information about the shopping mall motorcycle parking lot. Hence, the mobile application developed using Flutter should ease the payment process with the new alternative mobile application payment method and provide motorcyclists with the necessary information regarding the selected shopping mall motorcycle parking lot in Penang Island
Solubility And Dissolution Enhancement of Budesonide by Solid Dispersion Using Rotary Evaporation Technique
Authors: Ajit B Patil  , Aishwarya Jadhav  , Afaque Ansari  , Rushabh Jain  , Yogesh Darade  , Shraddha Birajdar
Published: May 2024

The Purpose of the work was to enhance the solubility and dissolution of Budesonide API Powder which was under BCS Class 2 system. Solid dispersion of Budesonide were prepared by using different polymers like Poly vinyl pyrrolidone (PVP K30), polyethylene glycol 6000 (PEG6000) by using Solvent Evaporation Method by using Rotary Evaporator, in the 1:1:1, 1:1:2, 1:1:3, 1:2:1, ratios of drug and carrier. The In-vitro release profile of all solid dispersions (F1 to F9) were comparatively evaluated and also studied against pure Budesonide. The evaluation test were carried out like drug content, solubility, drug release studies. The drug and polymer interaction was studied by using Fourier Transport Infra-Red and Differential Scanning Calorimetry, Powder X Ray Diffraction studies were also carried out to find out the Crystalinity of Solid Dispersion, SEM was carried out for study of surface morphology.
ОСОБЛИВОСТІ НАВЧАННЯ І ВИХОВАННЯ ДІТЕЙ ДВОРЯН ШКІЛЬНОГО ВІКУ В Д РУГІЙ ПОЛОВИНІ ХІХ – НА ПОЧАТКУ ХХ СТ. (НА ПРИКЛАДІ ЄЛИСАВЕТГРАДСЬКОЇ ГРОМАДСЬКОЇ ЖІНОЧОЇ ГІМНАЗІЇ)
Authors: Марченко Олег
Published: May 2024

Досліджуючи життя дітей російської імперії другої половини XIX – початку ХХ ст., необхідно враховувати не тільки статеві відмінності, але й особливості соціокультурної стратифікації тодішнього суспільства, що знаходилося в процесі модернізації. Це вимагає від дослідника розрізняти повсякденність дівчаток і хлопчиків із різних соціальних груп. У статті зроблено спробу дослідити особливості навчання і виховання дітей дворян пореформеного періоду, з’ясувати ролі батька, матері, соціального середовища у вихованні молодого покоління в підлітковому віці. У статті наголошено на відмінностях освітнього процесу до середини ХІХ ст. (тоді для дворянських дівчат 7–11-ти років існували виключно закриті інститути та пансіони, після закінчення яких вони знову опинялися під опікою гувернантки аж до заміжжя, а хлопці здобували освіту з 10–11-ти років у закритих закладах освіти, школах відкритого типу, дома, під керівництвом гувернера чи вчителів, і після освітнього процесу батьки намагалися дівчат видати заміж, а юнаків прилаштувати на службу) і в другій половині ХІХ – на початку ХХ століть, коли батьки насамперед прагнули дати належну освіту своїм чадам, попри сімейні фінансові проблеми. У статті наголошено на чинниках, що спонукали батьків зробити вибір освітнього закладу для дитини: матеріальні статки сім’ї, можливість отримати безплатне місце або стипендію на навчання, отримання допомоги в освіті від станових, благодійних організацій, опікунської ради, деяких меценатів. Під час вивчення зазначеної теми було використано інформацію про Єлисаветградську громадську жіночу гімназію. З відкриттям там восьмого класу (80-ті роки ХІХ ст.) випускниці гімназії отримали можливість мати фах домашніх наставниць і вчительок і працювати в багатьох освітніх закладах регіону. Відкриття нового приміщення гімназії (зараз це ЦДУ імені В. Винниченка) сприяло покращенню освітнього процесу, створенню належних умов життя, побуту гімназисток, організації їхнього дозвілля, показало турботу керівництва міста про виховання майбутніх учительок.
ОСОБЛИВОСТІ НАДАННЯ МЕДИКО-ПСИХОЛОГІЧНОЇ ДОПОМОГИ ВІЙСЬКОВОСЛУЖБОВЦЯМ ЗСУ ЗА НАЯВНОСТІ ПТСР З ОЗНАКАМИ АДИКТИВНОЇ ПОВЕДІНКИ (ВЛАСНИЙ ДОСВІД)
Authors: Фітькало Олег Степанович
Published: May 2024

У 80% військовослужбовців, які перенесли бойову психічну травму, зумовлену тривалим стресом та спровоковану індивідуально-психологічними особливостями, виявлено симптоми травматизації психіки. Згідно з отриманими даними, переживання бойової психічної травми визначається насамперед індивідуально-психологічними особливостями військовослужбовця, які провокують можливий подальший розвиток ПТСР, хвороб адаптації (психосоматичних захворювань, неврозів і невротичних станів) та ін. Мета дослідження – вивчення особливостей психологічного складника посттравматичного стресового розладу в умовах воєнного часу (скринінг ПТСР) та використання немедикаментозних ефективних методів лікування для поліпшення якості життя пацієнта. Під час дослідження опрацьовано науковий комплекс методів, які використано для скринінгу ПТСР з ознаками адиктивної поведінки. В учасників бойових дій під час збору клінічного анамнезу обґрунтовано домінування двох складників: власне невротичних розладів (неврозів та неврозоподібних станів) та клінічних проявів стресових розладів дисфункції вегетативного відділу нервової системи. Вегетативний компонент стресу наявний практично в усіх 90 (92,8%) респондентів. На основі проведеного скринінгу з використанням тесту Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test у 11 (11,3%) осіб середній бал за AUDIT-тестами становив 18,7, а це небезпечне вживання алкоголю. Узагальнено досвід вивчення особливостей психологічного компонента посттравматичного стресового розладу в умовах воєнного часу у 97 військовослужбовців, надано медико/психологічну допомогу та отримано ефективні результати в даній групі пацієнтів. Щоб попередити порушення психічного здоров’я військовослужбовців та відновити їхній соціально-професійний статус, лікування та реабілітаційні заходи проводили одночасно з усуненням симптомів ПТСР та зловживань, що дало змогу отримати обнадійливі результати.
ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ВПЛИВУ СКАНДИНАВСЬКОЇ ХОДЬБИ НА ВІДНОВЛЕННЯ ОРГАНІЗМУ ПАЦІЄНТІВ ПІСЛЯ COVID-19
Authors: Волошин Олена Романівна
Published: May 2024

Метою статті є дослідження ефективності використання скандинавської ходьби для відновлення організму пацієнта після COVID-19. Методи дослідження: у рамках проведення дослідження щодо відновлення організму після COVID-19 взяла участь 71 особа. Група № 1 отримувала стандартні оздоровчі техніки та скандинавську ходьбу три рази на тиждень і вдома протягом 12 місяців. Віковий діапазон: чоловіки (33–65 років) – 27,2% (23 особи), жінки (33–60 років) – 72,8% (48 осіб). Група № 2 отримала стандартні оздоровчі технології без скандинавської ходьби. Оцінку ефективності проводили за допомогою морфофункціональних показників, навантажувальних проб, лікувально-педагогічного контролю та статистичної обробки отриманих даних. За результатами дослідження встановлено, що за умови регулярних тренувань організм проходить етапи адаптації, які забезпечують більш економічну роботу і високу стійкість фізіологічних систем. Дуже важливо оптимізувати рухову активність пацієнтів після COVID-19 через перенесені несприятливі процеси у кардіо-респіраторній системі, сприяти розвитку повної пристосувальної реакції систем організму для попередження ускладнень і відновлення функцій. З’ясовано, що існують резерви для формування адаптаційних можливостей із потенціалом для самостійної дії, що призводить до розширення традиційних фізичних функцій. Доведено, що скандинавська ходьба виявилася простою та легкодоступною формою вправ, яка набирає популярності в Україні і може конкурувати з традиційними видами рухової активності. Маючи безліч позитивних впливів на організм людини і мінімальну кількість протипоказань, є оптимальним інструментом для всебічного відновлення організму після захворювання. Забезпечуючи помірне фізичне навантаження на свіжому повітрі, скандинавська ходьба сприяє активізації роботи серцево-судинної системи, відновленню м’язів після тривалого постільного режиму, має позитивний вплив на психологічний стан людини, ініціює позитивну переорієнтацію нервових процесів, поліпшує діяльність аналізаторів, нормалізує емоційний стан і сон. Отже, після проведеного дослідження ми дійшли висновку, що навантаження під час ходьби з палицями є рівномірне, без різких рухів, під час тренувань призупиняється виділення гормонів стресу, які призводять до збудження нервової системи. Регулярні тренування сприяють поліпшенню відчуття рівноваги й координації, зміцненню вестибулярного апарату. Її рекомендують багатьом пацієнтам не лише для оздоровлення, а й як реабілітаційний метод для відновлення серця і дихання, насамперед після COVID-19.
КОНСУЛЬТУВАННЯ МАЙБУТНІХ ФАХІВЦІВ З ПИТАНЬ НОРМАТИВНО-ПРАВОВОГО ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ ПІДПРИЄМНИЦЬКОЇ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ В УМОВАХ ВОЄННОГО СТАНУ
Authors: Байдулін Валерій
Published: May 2024

The article covers the issue of advising the future entrepreneurs on changes and additions to the legislation of Ukraine during martial law. Aspects of simplifying tax payments, state registration of legal entities, individual entrepreneurs, and some issues of labor relations and wages in the state of martial law are defined.
The Environmental Drivers of Canadian Beach Water Quality
Authors: Young Ian , Tustin Jordan , Sanchez Johanna , Desta Binyam Negussie
Published: May 2024

 Understanding and predicting the environmental drivers of recreational water quality, measured by E. coli concentration, can support public health decision making. We present the results of analyses conducted at beaches in the following four regions in Canada: Toronto, Niagara Regon, Manitoba, and Vancouver
Online Transportation Tariff Application (Maxim) In Padang City Revised from Islamic Business Ethics
Authors: Efendi Faisal , Erlanda Vonny , Candra Afrikal , Sumarni Ira , Mardianton Mardianton , Mulyani Ridha
Published: May 2024

The study was overturned by the fact that consumers who have used the maxim online transportation service in the rural city, where the consumer when using the service initially started its rates are changing and not in accordance with the initial booking. However, at the time the consumer has reached the target Maxim tariff rises for reasons given by the driver unknown. This type of research is a field research with the technique of interviewing stakeholders directly related to the issue the author discusses. Next to answer the problem formula, data in analysis with qualitative descriptive techniques. The result, suggests that in the implementation of the existing Maxim apalikation system in the field town, the initial tariff set by the maxim driver is not in line with the initial agreement. Initially before the pickup of consumers, the tariff was written on an application worth Rs 10,000 rupees, after the driver arrived at the customer pickup address, then the driver sent the consumer to the destination. After that, until the initial tariff of Rs 10,000 has changed to Rs 14,000. The Islamic business ethics review of the business behaviour of Maxim companies in Padang City is not in line with the Islamic ethics of business. It is a deceitful thing, which is the price or the price of the first order, when it has arrived.
Ethical dilemma in conservation: a trolley problem thought experiment
Authors: Latombe Guillaume , Arbieu Ugo , Bacher Sven , Canessa Stefano , Courchamp Franck , Dullinger Stefan , Glaser Michael , Lenzner Bernd , Jarić Ivan , Schertler Anna , Essl Franz , Wilson John
Published: May 2024

Conservation decisions often need to integrate scientific predictions with societal values, ethical systems, and diverse perceptions that combine to form moral stances about conservation actions (e.g., trophy hunting or controlling invasive species). These can result in dilemmas and, if stakeholders hold different views on the morality of particular conservation actions, conflicts can arise. Here we adapt the well-known trolley problem thought experiment to a conservation context to offer a simplified, yet comprehensive framework enabling us to explore possible factors underlying differences in moral stances about such conflicts and better understand or predict them. Through the development of variations covering key concepts (asymmetry in numbers, victims and impacts; temporal and spatial asymmetry; uncertainty; causal relationships between actions and consequences), we provide a structured approach to elucidate moral conflicts in conservation. The trolley problem's versatility allows for the exploration of multiple scenarios deriving and combining these key concepts, facilitating a deeper understanding of the complexities inherent in conservation ethics. While acknowledging the need for contextualization and refinement, the conservation trolley problem also serves as a foundational step towards developing more nuanced thought experiments tailored to specific conservation contexts. The framework we present offers a systematic method to compare and analyse diverse ethical perspectives, fostering communication and facilitating informed decision-making in conservation practice. The integration of diverse metaphors offers avenues for enhancing dialogue between stakeholders, broadening perspectives, and advancing ethically sound conservation practices.
Enhancing Bacteria Classification using Image Processing and Convolutional Neural Network
Authors: Tanko Sani Muhammed , Sani Muhammad , Ahmad Abubakar
Published: May 2024

Bacteria classification plays a vital role in the medical field, facilitating the diagnosis and treatment of various diseases. Traditionally, clinical specialists have relied on conventional techniques for classification, which lack predictive capabilities. Manual classification of bacteria is a laborious and time-consuming task that demands significant human effort. However, advancements in technology have opened possibilities for microorganism classification through the utilization of novel machine learning algorithms. This research explores the integration of Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) for the classification of bacterial samples, aiming to revolutionize the traditional manual classification methods in the medical field. The methodology involves three stages: image acquisition, feature extraction, and classification. Employing the Enhanced CNN model, the study demonstrates the effectiveness of deep learning techniques in image classification on a diverse bacterial species. Experimental results reveal superior accuracy compared to existing baseline methods, showcasing the potential of deep learning for efficient and precise bacteria classification. The proposed approach has the potential to alleviates the manual classification burden, saving time, and reducing dependence on human expertise. This research contributes to advancing healthcare practices by enhancing the accuracy and precision of 95% and 93.2% respectively for bacterial classification.
Kapabilitas Human Agency Istana Belajar Anak Banten (ISBANBAN) Foundation Dalam Menangani Permasalahan Pendidikan di Pedalaman Banten
Authors:   Departemen Kesejahteraan Sosial, Santoso Meilanny Budiarti ,   Program Studi Kesejahteraan Sosial, Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jawa Barat, Nurwati R. Nunung , Azman Azlinda ,   Social Work Programe; School of Social Science, University Sains Malaysia, Penang, Gunawan Budhi ,   Departemen Antropologi, Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jawa Barat
Published: May 2024

Kapabilitas human agency merupakan issue penting bagi pengembangan keilmuan dan praktik pekerjaan sosial, mengingat pekerjaan sosial merupakan profesi yang bersentuhan langsung dengan intervensi sosial dan salah satunya bertujuan untuk menangani permasalahan sosial ataupun memenuhi kebutuhan masyarakat. Penelitian ini bertujuan sebagai refleksi bagi pekerja sosial profesional berdasarkan praktik nyata penggunaan kapabilitas human agency dalam intervensi sosial sekaligus menunjukkan pentingnya pengarusutamaan konsepsi human agency dalam keilmuan pekerjaan sosial yang salah satunya berfokus pada upaya pengembangan keberfungsian sosial. Metode explanaroty dengan pendekatan kualitatif digunakan untuk menganalisis kapabilitas human agency Istana Belajar Anak Banten (ISBANBAN) Foundation dalam menangani permasalahan pendidikan di pedalaman Banten. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa eksistensi kapabilitas human agency merupakan komponen penting di antara berbagai komponen lainnya dalam menangani permasalahan yang terjadi dan kehadiran aktor dengan kapabilitas human agency tidak dapat dipisahkan dari kelompok ataupun organisasi sebagai wadah dalam melakukan program. Namun demikian, program dan kelompok ataupun organisasi dapat berjalan karena adanya eksistensi aktor dengan kapabilitas human agency yang berperan sebagai motor penggerak. Kolaborasi, networking dan partnership yang terjalin diantara berbagai pihak telah mendorong pelaksanaan program dengan baik dan berkelanjutan sekaligus sebagai infrastruktur dan fasilitasi yang mendukung program sebagai bentuk tindakan nyata (agentic action) yang mereka lakukan.
Proses Praktik Prostitusi Mahasiswa “Ayam Kampus” di Kota Malang
Authors:   Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang, Grasella Fitara , Sukmana Oman , Widodo Eko Rizki Purwo
Published: May 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsian tentang fenomena praktik prostitusi Ayam Kampus pada mahasiswa di Kota Malang. Ayam Kampus merupakan istilah yang diberikan kepada mahasiswi yang terjun ke dalam dunia praktik prostitusi. Fokus penelitian diarahkan untuk menjawab dua pertanyaan pokok penelitian, yakni: bagaimana proses dan factor-faktor yang mendorong mahasiswa dalam melakukan praktik prostitusi Ayam Kampus di Kota Malang. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dan jenis penelitian deskriptif. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan snowball dan teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Sedangkan teknik analisa data menggunakan tahap analisis data kualitatif Miles dan Huberman, yang meliputi tahap pengumpulan data, kondensasi data, penyajian data, serta verfikasi dan kesimpulan. Teknik keabsahan data menggunakan teknik perpanjangan waktu keterlibatan penelitian dan teknik triangulasi sumber. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa proses praktik prostitusi mahasiswa Ayam Kampus di Kota Malang dilakukan melalui tiga fase, yakni fase kontak awal, fase transaksi, dan fase akhir penyelesaian. Sedangkan factor-faktor yang menyebabkan mahasiswa terlibat dalam praktik porstitusi Ayam Kampus adalah karena factor relasi pertemanan, gaya hidup, dan factor kondisi ekonomi keluarga.
Use of probiotics in the treatment of erythematotelangiectasic and papulopustular rosacea
Authors: Klasener Ana Luisa Kersting , Libera Nathalia Kaminski Della , Fim Gabriela Martins , Trein Sofia , Kerber Karine , Pedon Isabel Caroline Zanatta , Mattos Alexandra Brugnera Nunes de
Published: May 2024

Background: The interaction between the gut and skin microbiota is linked to skin diseases. It is believed that through the use of oral probiotics it is possible to modulate the intestinal microbiota and regulate skin diseases. Objective: The study aims to analyze the efficacy of oral probiotics in the treatment of erythematotelangiectatic and papulopustular rosacea through the theory of the relationship between intestinal and skin microbiota. Methods: The study consisted of a randomized, controlled, double-blind, experimental clinical trial with comparative efficacy. The study sample (n=25) was divided into two groups: the experimental group received the oral probiotic plus a topical cream of Adapalene 1mg and the control group received the placebo and the same topical cream of Adapalene 1mg. To assess the effectiveness of the treatment, two questionnaires were proposed regarding the impact of rosacea on the patients' lives before and after one month of treatment. Results: In the experimental and control groups, the sum of the RosaQol and DLQI questionnaire scores decreased compared to before the treatment was applied. There was no significant difference between the results before and after treatment with probiotics and placebo. Conclusion: Both groups showed slight clinical improvement, with no superiority of probiotics. However, more clinical trials are needed due to the limitations of the study, such as the small sample size and the interference of the winter climate in the southern region of the country, which may have interfered with the clinical and statistical analysis of this study.
Imaginário materno e criminalidade: Subjetividades extraídas das narrativas da imprensa jornalística digital
Authors: Amaral Marcela Aparecida Gonçalves , Fonseca Gema Galgani da
Published: May 2024

A subjetividade humana é constituída por experiências, elementos simbólicos e emocionais, imaginários e pulsões. Exemplifica-se pelas heranças intergeracionais que transmitem idealizações e fantasias. A sociedade vincula a mulher à maternidade, mas o desejo de ser mãe é subjetivo, pois a maternagem envolve um conjunto de princípios essenciais para o desenvolvimento da criança. O imaginário materno - fenômeno carregado de encantamento e os impactos das reverberações entre trabalho, maternidade e estresse na vida contemporânea levam à irrupção de comportamentos destrutivos, revelados pelas marcas da criminalidade; a premissa da “mãe boa” transmuta-se para a “mãe homicida”. Objetiva-se analisar as subjetividades maternas reveladas no crime de homicídio contra a prole, a fim de compreender sobre mães homicidas. O presente estudo de caráter qualitativo exploratório – descritivo e transversal, utilizou como abordagem artigos científicos, obras psicanalíticas e casos de homicídio materno contra a prole, com ocultação de cadáver, divulgados na imprensa jornalística digital entre o período de 2020 e 2022. Conclui-se que a subjetividade materna cambia fatores que impactam a maternagem, como; impacto das heranças intergeracionais, adoecimentos múltiplos, perda da identidade pessoal, egocentrismo, narcisismo, sendo indispensável o olhar dos representantes sociais – políticos, da saúde e demais profissionais para esses fenômenos.
PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN THINK TALK WRITE UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN KOMUNIKASI MATEMATIS SISWA SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Arrahim Arrahim , Putri Pratama Annisa
Published: May 2024

Rendahnya kemampuan komunikasi matematis terjadi karena kurangnya siswa dalam mengomunikasikan penyelesaian soal, siswa tidak peduli cara untuk menjelaskan jawaban menggunakan bahasa matematika yang tepat dan benar, dan cara menuangkan ide atau gagasan ke dalam gambar. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji dan mengetahui gambaran kemampuan komunikasi matematis siswa di sekolah dasar dengan melalui model pembelajaran Think Talk Write (TTW). Jenis metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah Systematic Literature Review(SLR) atau penelitian yang dilakukan dengan mengidentifikasi, menganalisis, dan mengevaluasi data-data atau sumber-sumber yang telah ada sebelumnya yaitu jurnal ilmiah atau buku sesuai dengan judul yang diteliti. Sampel analisis adalah 10 artikel jurnal yang telah diterbitkan pada 8 tahun terakhir (2014-2022). Kriteria inklusi penelitian ini terindeks database google scholar, bersubject sekolah dasar, dan membahas model pembelajaran think talk write untuk meningkatkan kemampuan komunikasi matematis siswa. Berdasarkan hasil analisis artikel jurnal terdapat perbedaan yang mampu meningkatkan kemampuan komunikasi matematis dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran Think Talk Write, terutama menggunakan metode penelitian PTK. Secara keseluruhan penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa model pembelajaran think talk write cocok digunakan dalam kegiatan belajar yang dapat meningkatkan kemampuan komunikasi matematis siswa sekolah dasar.
Designing cytochrome P450 enzymes for use in cancer gene therapy
Authors: Carrera-Pacheco Saskya E. , Mueller Alexander , Puente-Pineda Juan A. , Zúñiga-Miranda Johana , Guamán Linda P.
Published: May 2024

Cancer is a significant global socioeconomic burden, as millions of new cases and deaths occur annually. In 2020, almost 10 million cancer deaths were recorded worldwide. Advancements in cancer gene therapy have revolutionized the landscape of cancer treatment. An approach with promising potential for cancer gene therapy is introducing genes to cancer cells that encode for chemotherapy prodrug metabolizing enzymes, such as Cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes, which can contribute to the effective elimination of cancer cells. This can be achieved through gene-directed enzyme prodrug therapy (GDEPT). CYP enzymes can be genetically engineered to improve anticancer prodrug conversion to its active metabolites and to minimize chemotherapy side effects by reducing the prodrug dosage. Rational design, directed evolution, and phylogenetic methods are some approaches to developing tailored CYP enzymes for cancer therapy. Here, we provide a compilation of genetic modifications performed on CYP enzymes aiming to build highly efficient therapeutic genes capable of bio-activating different chemotherapeutic prodrugs. Additionally, this review summarizes promising preclinical and clinical trials highlighting engineered CYP enzymes’ potential in GDEPT. Finally, the challenges, limitations, and future directions of using CYP enzymes for GDEPT in cancer gene therapy are discussed.
Glycolysis and beyond in glucose metabolism: exploring pulmonary fibrosis at the metabolic crossroads
Authors: Wang Yuejiao , Wang Xue , Du Chaoqi , Wang Zeming , Wang Jiahui , Zhou Nan , Wang Baohua , Tan Ke , Fan Yumei , Cao Pengxiu
Published: May 2024

At present, pulmonary fibrosis (PF) is a prevalent and irreversible lung disease with limited treatment options, and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is one of its most common forms. Recent research has highlighted PF as a metabolic-related disease, including dysregulated iron, mitochondria, lipid, and glucose homeostasis. Systematic reports on the regulatory roles of glucose metabolism in PF are rare. This study explores the intricate relationships and signaling pathways between glucose metabolic processes and PF, delving into how key factors involved in glucose metabolism regulate PF progression, and the interplay between them. Specifically, we examined various enzymes, such as hexokinase (HK), 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-bisphosphatase 3 (PFKFB3), pyruvate kinase (PK), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), illustrating their regulatory roles in PF. It highlights the significance of lactate, alongside the role of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase (PDK) and glucose transporters (GLUTs) in modulating pulmonary fibrosis and glucose metabolism. Additionally, critical regulatory factors such as transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), and hypoxia-inducible factor 1 subunit alpha (HIF-1α) were discussed, demonstrating their impact on both PF and glucose metabolic pathways. It underscores the pivotal role of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) in this interplay, drawing connections between diabetes mellitus, insulin, insulin-like growth factors, and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) with PF. This study emphasizes the role of key enzymes, regulators, and glucose transporters in fibrogenesis, suggesting the potential of targeting glucose metabolism for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of PF, and proposing new promising avenues for future research and therapeutic development.
Influence of air flow features on alpine wind energy potential
Authors: Kristianti Fanny , Gerber Franziska , Gonzàlez-Herrero Sergi , Dujardin Jérôme , Huwald Hendrik , Hoch Sebastian W. , Lehning Michael
Published: May 2024

Wind energy is one of the potential options to fill the gap in renewable energy production in Switzerland during the winter season when the energy demand exceeds local production capacities. With likely further rising energy consumption in the future, the winter energy deficit may further increase. However, a reliable assessment of wind energy potential in complex terrain remains challenging. To obtain such information, numerical simulations are performed using a combination of the “Consortium for Small-scale Modeling” and “Weather Research and Forecasting” (COSMO-WRF) models initialized and driven by COSMO-1E model, which allows us to simulate the influence of topography at a horizontal resolution of 300 m. Two LiDAR measurement campaigns were conducted in the regions of Lukmanier Pass and Les Diablerets, Switzerland. Observational LiDAR data and measurements from nearby wind sensor networks are used to validate the COSMO-WRF simulations. The simulations show an improved representation of wind speed and direction near the ground compared to COSMO-1E. However, with increasing height and less effect of the terrain, COSMO-WRF tends to overestimate the wind speeds, following the bias that is already present in COSMO-1E. We investigate two characteristic mountain–terrain flow features, namely waves and Foehn. The effect of mountain-induced waves of the flow is investigated through an event that occurred in the area of Diablerets. One-year analysis for the frequency of conditions that are favorable for mountain wave formation is estimated. The Foehn impact on wind was observed in the Lukmanier domain. We attempt quantification of the probability of occurrence using the Foehnix model. The result shows a high probability of Foehn occurrence during the winter and early spring seasons. Our study highlights the importance of incorporating complex terrain-related meteorological events into the wind energy assessment. Furthermore, for an accurate assessment of wind speed in complex terrain, our study suggests the necessity to have a better representation of the topography compared to COSMO-1E.
Contamination, morphological and chemical characterization, and hazard risk analyses of microplastics in drinking water sourced from groundwater in a developing nation
Authors: Paray Bilal Ahamad , Yu Jimmy , Sultana Salma , Banik Partho , Nur As-Ad Ujjaman , Haque Md. Rashedul , Rahman Md. Mostafizur , Arai Takaomi , Yan Li , Hossain M. Belal
Published: May 2024

Groundwater (GW) plays a crucial role as the primary source of potable water in numerous developing nations. However, the increasing presence of microplastics (MPs) represents a concealed danger, threatening activities that guarantee safe drinking water in these countries. Despite this, there is limited awareness about the widespread existence of MPs in these regions of the world. In this study, we investigated the contamination levels, distribution, morphological characteristics, chemical composition, and associated public health risk of MPs in groundwater samples from six coastal districts of Bangladesh using stereomicroscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). MPs were prevalent at all sampling stations, with average concentrations of 24.63 ± 16.13 items/L and a range of 4–75 items/L. The majority of MPs (97.6%) were fibers, indicating a likely origin from fabric disintegration during drying, washing, discarded fishing nets, personal care items, and municipal waste. Smaller-sized MPs (<0.5 mm), transparent and violet-colored, were predominantly observed. Additionally, FTIR confirmed the presence of plastic polymers, including low-density polyethylene (LDPE), high-density polyethylene (HDPE), ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA), and polyethylene terephthalate (PETE). Despite the high visibility observed or focus given for PETE, PE was found to be abundant. These are thought to have come from runoff from agricultural fields, seeping from landfills where plastic trash is disposed of, synthetic fabrics, and inappropriate plastic product disposal. Estimated dietary intake was recorded as 1.85 particles/person/day (i.e., 675 particles/year), suggesting the possible health risk to consumers. Hazard analyses based on the polymeric risk score revealed diverse risks associated with polymer levels, with PETE indicating a medium risk and other polymers, e.g., HDPE, LDPE, and EVA at 39%, 31%, and 17%, respectively, showing a minor risk to human health from drinking water from the studied sources. This is the first study from the regions, and the findings will be valuable for identifying sources, implementing control measures, shaping policies, and safeguarding public health against plastic pollution.
Larval development of Holothuria tubulosa, a new tractable system for evo-devo
Authors: Perillo Margherita , Alessandro Tanya , Toscano Alfonso , Annunziata Rossella
Published: May 2024

To explore animal diversity, new experimentally tractable organisms must be established. Echinoderms include five groups of marine animals that have been used as developmental models for over a century thanks to their low costs, high fecundity, optically clear larvae and genetic tractability. An additional advantage of echinoderms is that their larval forms display diverse morphologies. This rich diversity enables comparative studies to investigate the evolutionary relationships among cell types, tissues, and organs. However, reproducible protocols to obtain gametes, detailed information on embryogenesis, and genomic tools have been optimized only for selected species of sea urchins and sea stars. To address this gap, we established the abundant Mediterranean sea cucumber Holothuria tubulosa as a new experimental system. Here we describe a method to reliably obtain gametes and make embryonic cultures multiple times from the same animal and characterize unique larval tissues combining immunohistochemistry and high-resolution microscopy. This work represents a step forward in our understanding of holothurian development and establishes H. tubulosa as an emerging experimental system for evo-devo and other biological disciplines.