bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
WebQuest en clases de Ciencias: Propuesta de formación docente para pensar y actuar en los primeros años escolares
Authors: Cavalcante Ana Elisabeth Dias Pereira , Fraiha-Martins France
Published: September 2020

Esta pesquisa trata-se de curso de formação continuada para professores que ensinam ciências nos anos escolares iniciais. A proposta pauta-se em práticas investigativas utilizando WebQuest, especialmente, no âmbito do conteúdo ciclo hidrológico. Objetivamos investigar em que termos tal proposta contribui para novas formas de pensar e agir no ensino de ciências para os primeiros anos escolares. Balizado pelo tripé: Prática Investigativa, Experimento Investigativo e Tecnologia Digital, o design de formação busca ultrapassar práticas de ensino de ciências pautadas unicamente nos livros didáticos, com atividades discentes passivas e reprodutivistas. Para tanto, assumimos a pesquisa qualitativa, na modalidade narrativa, evidenciando relatos de três professores participantes, registrados por meio de: entrevista semiestruturada e audiogravação dos encontros formativos. Utilizamos a Análise Textual Discursiva como metodologia analítica. Os resultados revelam, dentre outros aspectos, que os docentes passam a considerar que o uso de WebQuest em aula cria possibilidades de ampliar e integrar a dinâmica de ensinar e aprender ciências, pois proporciona interdisciplinaridade e articulação entre tarefas variadas disponíveis na WebQuest. Ademais, propostas formativas que privilegiam o uso de tecnologias digitais permitem, paulatinamente, que o docente avance da prática de uso limitada para a prática de uso potencial das tecnologias digitais em situações de ensino.Palavras-chave: formação docente, tecnologias digitais, práticas investigativas, WebQuest, educação em ciências.
El uso de tecnologías digitales en la enseñanza de las matemáticas en la visión de los profesores de la escuela de campo
Authors: Bicho José Sávio
Published: September 2020

Este artículo presenta una investigación que tuvo como objetivo investigar los desafíos y las posibilidades de utilizar las tecnologías digitales en la enseñanza de las matemáticas a la vista de los maestros de las escuelas de campo. Los datos se iniciaron a partir de investigaciones realizadas con solicitudes de cuestionarios a ocho académicos del curso de Grado en Educación de Campo de una universidad federal de Brasil, durante el desarrollo de la asignatura "Informática en la enseñanza de las matemáticas". Según los puntos de vista de los docentes deste estudio, como las tecnologías con potencial para la enseñanza y el aprendizaje de las matemáticas en las escuelas de campo, sin embargo, todavía es precario en cuanto a la disponibilidad de recursos tecnológicos, es porque la escuela pública del el campo pasa por dificultades pedagógicas y contratiempos. Por lo tanto, se necesitan inversiones y políticas públicas para enfrentar desafíos políticos y pedagógicos qué escuelas de campo, maestros, estudiantes y otros agentes escolares son afectados.
Aprendizaje matemático y tecnologías digitales: invenciones robóticas para el tratamiento de Parkinson
Authors: De Azevedo Greiton Toledo , Maltempi Marcus Vinicius
Published: September 2020

Nosso objetivo é compreender o processo criativo de aprendizagem matemática ao longo da produção do jogo Navegação, associado a dispositivo robótico, destinado ao tratamento de sintomas doença de Parkinson. Norteados pela pesquisa qualitativa, a produção de dados foi realizada com alunos do Ensino Médio do IF-XXX, XXXX. O cenário formativo de pesquisa foi criado como lugar para construir/propor soluções para problemas reais a partir da matemática e da robótica a favor da sociedade, de modo que as carreiras científicas e tecnológicas sejam um dos possíveis projetos de vida e transformação social, intelectual e científica dos alunos. Para isso, colocamos em pauta discussão-análises do desenvolvimento científico-tecnológico, colaborativo-argumentativo e inventivo-criativo de tecnologias, indo além dos muros da sala de aula de matemática. Suscitamos análise-reflexões sobre o processo de se tornar pensador criativo em matemática em detrimento da reprodução de conceitos e mecanismos pedagógicos que não se justificam. Para tanto, baseamos nossas ações na Teoria de Aprendizagem Criativa e na Insubordinação Criativa. Concluímos que o processo criativo de aprendizagem matemática se mostra dinâmico e fluído, constituído por passos não lineares, e se fortalece por elementos inerentes ao processo formativo, entre os quais se destacam: curiosidade, imaginação, argumentação e invenção.
Follow-up Studies of Five Cataclysmic Variable Candidates Discovered by LAMOST
Authors: Thorstensen John R.
Published: September 2020

We report follow-up observations of five cataclysmic variable candidates from the Large Sky Area Multi-Object Fiber Spectroscopic Telescope (LAMOST) published by Hou et al. LAMOST J024048.51+195226.9 is the most unusual of the five; an early-M type secondary star contributes strongly to its spectrum, and its spectral and photometric behavior are strikingly reminiscent of the hitherto-unique propeller system AE Aqr. We confirm that a 7.34 hr period discovered in the Catalina survey data is orbital. Another object, LAMOST J204305.95+341340.6, appears to be a near twin of the novalike variable V795 Her, with an orbital period in the so-called 2–3 hr “gap.” LAMOST J035913.61+405035.0 is evidently an eclipsing, weakly outbursting dwarf nova with a 5.48 hr period. Our spectrum of LAMOST J090150.09+375444.3 is dominated by a late-type secondary and shows weak, narrow Balmer emission moving in phase with the absorption lines, but at lower amplitude; we do not see the He ii
λ4686 emission evident in the published discovery spectrum. We again confirm that a period from the Catalina data, in this case 6.80 hr, is orbital. LAMOST J033940.98+414805.7 yields a radial-velocity period of 3.54 hr, and its spectrum appears to be typical of novalike variables in this period range. The spectroscopically selected sample from LAMOST evidently includes some interesting cataclysmic variables that have been unrecognized until now, apparently because of the relatively modest range of their photometric variations.
Exploring the Energy Sources Powering the Light Curve of the Type Ibn Supernova PS15dpn and the Mass-loss History of the SN Progenitor
Authors: Wang Shan-Qin , Li Long
Published: September 2020

PS15dpn is a luminous rapidly rising Type Ibn supernova (SN) discovered by Pan-STARRS1. Previous study has showed that its bolometric light curve (LC) cannot be explained by the 56Ni model. In this paper, we used the 56Ni model, the magnetar model, the circumstellar interaction (CSI) model, and the CSI plus 56Ni model to fit the bolometric LC of PS15dpn. We found that the 56Ni model can fit the bolometric LC but the parameters are unrealistic, and that the magnetar model, the CSI model, and the CSI plus 56Ni model can match the data with reasonable parameters. Considering the fact that the emission lines indicative of the interaction between the ejecta and the circumstellar medium (CSM) have been confirmed, and that the SNe produced by the explosions of massive stars can synthesize moderate amounts of 56Ni, we suggest that the CSI plus 56Ni model is the most promising model. Assuming that the CSM is a shell (wind), the masses of the ejecta, the CSM, and the 56Ni are

(

M
⊙),

M
⊙ (

M
⊙), and

M
⊙ (

M
⊙), respectively. The inferred ejecta masses are consistent with the scenario that the progenitors of SNe Ibn are massive Wolf–Rayet stars. Adopting the shell CSM scenario, the shell might be expelled by an eruption of the progenitor just ∼17–167 days prior to the SN explosion; for the wind scenario, the inferred mass-loss rate of the wind is ∼8.0 M
⊙ yr−1, indicating that the wind is a “super-wind” having an extremely high mass-loss rate.
Artificial Intelligence–Assisted Inversion (AIAI) of Synthetic Type Ia Supernova Spectra
Authors: Chen Xingzhuo , Hu Lei , Wang Lifan
Published: September 2020

We generate ∼100,000 model spectra of Type 1a supernovae (SNe Ia) to form a spectral library for the purpose of building an artificial intelligence–assisted inversion (AIAI) algorithm for theoretical models. As a first attempt, we restrict our studies to the time around B-band maximum and compute theoretical spectra with a broad spectral wavelength coverage from 2000 to 10000 Å using the code TARDIS. Based on the library of theoretically calculated spectra, we construct the AIAI algorithm with a multiresidual convolutional neural network to retrieve the contributions of different ionic species to the heavily blended spectral profiles of the theoretical spectra. The AIAI is found to be very powerful in distinguishing spectral patterns due to coupled atomic transitions and has the capacity to quantitatively measure the contributions from different ionic species. By applying the AIAI algorithm to a set of well-observed SN Ia spectra, we demonstrate that the model can yield powerful constraints on the chemical structures of these SNe Ia. Using the chemical structures deduced from AIAI, we successfully reconstructed the observed data, thus confirming the validity of the method. We show that the light-curve decline rate of SNe Ia is correlated with the amount of 56Ni above the photosphere in the ejecta. We detect a clear decrease of 56Ni mass with time that can be attributed to its radioactive decay. Our code and model spectra are available on the website https://github.com/GeronimoChen/AIAI-Supernova.
An Ecological Approach for Mapping Socio-Economic Data in Support of Ecosystems Analysis: Examples in Mapping Canada’s Forest Ecumene
Authors: Eddy Brian , Muggridge Madison , LeBlanc Robert , Osmond Joanne , Kean Chelsea , Boyd Erica
Published: September 2020

Integrating socio-economic dimensions in ecosystems analysis and management is becoming increasingly important, particularly from a mapping standpoint. A key challenge with such integration is reconciling different geospatial representations based on census and administrative frameworks with natural ecosystems boundaries.This article presents one method for addressing this challenge by mapping an information rich 'ecumene'. In this approach, communities are mapped as human habitats using natural boundaries as opposed to administrative-type boundaries, integrated with authoritative socio-economic data. To illustrate the benefits of this approach, two example applications are provided that: 1) map and estimate the population of the 'forest ecumene' of Canada, and 2) map labour force distribution patterns associated with the forest sector and its relation to forest areas in Canada. Benefits and limitations of this approach are discussed, from which a number of priority areas for future research are identified.
On some squat lobsters from India (Decapoda, Anomura, Munididae), with description of a new species of Paramunida Baba, 1988
Authors: Macpherson Enrique , Chan Tin-Yam , Kumar Appukuttannair Biju , Rodríguez-Flores Paula C.
Published: September 2020

Squat lobster specimens belonging to the family Munididae were recently collected along the southwestern coast of the mainland of India and in the Andaman Islands. The specimens belong to two known species,Agononida prolixa(Alcock, 1894) andMunida compactaMacpherson, 1997, and a new species,Paramunida bineeshisp. nov. We here redescribeA. prolixaand describe and figure the new species.Munida compactais newly recorded from India, and we figure the live coloration. In addition, molecular and phylogenetic analyses of two mitochondrial markers (16S rRNA and COI) revealed the phylogenetic relationships ofM. compactaandP. bineeshisp. nov.with their most closely related congeners. The genetic similarity among the individuals ofM. compactafrom different locations is also addressed.
Gestes d’aide à l’étude en école élémentaire : comparaison entre des classes scolarisant des élèves désignés en situation de handicap et des classes scolarisant des élèves désignés avec des difficultés
Authors: Feuilladieu Sylviane , Dunand Charline
Published: September 2020

L’enquête présentée porte sur l’observation directe de gestes pédagogiques d’aide à la compréhension des consignes et à la réalisation des exercices, répertoriés au cours de 192 séances de travail (96 en français et 96 en mathématiques, dans 18 classes d’école élémentaire). 15 314 gestes ont ainsi été comptabilisés et comparés selon le type de classe (scolarisant des élèves désignés « en situation de handicap » vs scolarisant des élèves désignés « rencontrant des difficultés importantes ») et selon le type d’élève auxquels ils s’adressent (l’élève désigné vs un autre élève vs le groupe classe). Il s’agit de considérer dans une visée heuristique la pertinence de la notion de degré de généricité-spécificité, qui permet de penser les gestes pédagogiques d’aide non pas de manière décrochée des pratiques ordinaires, mais dans la continuité et l’articulation avec celles-ci, comme orchestration spécifique de dispositions génériques.
L’expérience d’élèves non engagés dans les tâches proposées en EPS : études de cas en volley-ball
Authors: Magendie Élisabeth
Published: September 2020

L’étude présentée dans cet article est conduite à partir d’analyses approfondies de cas singuliers. Elle s’attache à comprendre l’expérience de trois élèves qui ne sont pas engagés dans les tâches proposées en EPS, afin d’élucider ce qui fait obstacle à leur engagement et les empêche de s’installer dans une posture d’élève apprenant. Elle se réfère à la clinique de l’activité et à l’approche socio-anthropologique du rapport au savoir pour appréhender l’expérience des élèves à deux niveaux : celui de l’activité en cours ; et celui plus global de l’arrière-plan de l’activité en cours. Les analyses ont permis de dresser trois portraits d’expérience vécue en volley-ball. Ces différents portraits rendent compte de processus généraux qui les dépassent. Nous discutons ce qu’ils apportent à la compréhension : des obstacles à l’engagement des élèves ; et du rôle que peuvent jouer les enseignants pour aider les élèves à les surmonter.
Les kayzan au quartier : milieu partisan et trajectoires de distinction dans les quartiers populaires du Grand Khartoum
Authors: Revilla Lucie
Published: September 2020

L’analyse de l’ancrage social du National Congress Party (NCP) dans les quartiers populaires du Grand Khartoum permet de saisir les registres d’affiliation partisane et les modes organisationnels pris par le mouvement islamiste au Soudan. J’explore les formes de présentation de soi induites par un engagement au NCP, ainsi que les logiques sociales qu’engendre la présence du parti à l’échelle du quartier. La promotion des militant·e·s par la valorisation de modèles d’accomplissement moral reste soumise à la discipline partisane et au « travail émotionnel » mis en œuvre au sein des structures locales du parti, qui façonnent autant qu’ils répriment les dispositions des individus.
La régulation du radicalisme de droite : une comparaison franco-allemande
Authors: Laumond Bénédicte
Published: September 2020

Cet article s'intéresse aux modes de régulation du radicalisme de droite à l'aune des cas français et allemand. L'analyse se confronte au dilemme de la tolérance rencontré par les démocraties libérales et fondé sur le choix entre autoriser des forces hostiles à la démocratie et courir le risque d'être fragilisé par celles-ci, ou les réprimer et empêcher des citoyens d'exercer leurs libertés fondamentales. Nous croisons les résultats d'une campagne d'entretiens menée entre 2014 et 2017 auprès des acteurs répondant au radicalisme de droite en Allemagne et en France et la littérature sur la démocratie militante. L'examen des représentations qu'ont les acteurs publics du radicalisme de droite permet d'identifier des rapports différenciés au politique. Nous observons dans les deux cas que les acteurs étatiques entreprennent des processus de catégorisation du politique qui contribuent à ériger les frontières de l'ordre politique démocratique. Mais deux modèles de régulation se dessinent : l'Allemagne se rapproche du modèle social de défense démocratique, tandis que la France oscille entre politisation et dépolitisation de la lutte contre le radicalisme de droite.
Prevalence of Psychiatric Disorders in Cardiac Outpatients
Authors: Alzahrani Ahmad Saad , Alqahtani Abdullah , Saleh Abeer , Aloqalaa Maryam , Abdulmajeed Abdulaziz , Nadhrah Asrar , Alhazmi Nada
Published: September 2020

This study aimed to determine the prevalence of psychiatric disorders in a sample of cardiac outpatients in Saudi Arabia. A semi-structured interview was performed for cardiac outpatients. Psychiatric diagnoses were confirmed by using a validated version of the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI). Of the 343 patients enrolled in the study, 93 patients (27.1%) met the criteria of having at least one psychiatric disorder. Past major depressive disorder (MDD) was the most prevalent disorder (14%), followed by current generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) (12.8%), and current MDD (8.5%). In multivariate logistic regression analyses, the diagnosis of psychiatric illness was more likely if the cardiac patient was divorced (odds ratio 6.139; 95% confidence interval, CI, 1.267–29.70), had a history of past psychiatric illness (odds ratio 2.828; 95% CI, 1.300–6.150), or currently smoked (odds ratio 2.106; 95% CI, 1.085–4.087). Psychiatric disorders were found to be common in cardiac outpatients, with MDD and GAD being the most prevalent.

[
Psychiatr Ann.
2020;50(9):403–415.]
Eficacia de estrategias de disminución del calentamiento urbano. Estudio para una ciudad de clima árido
Authors: Sosa María Belén , Correa Erica , Cantón María Alicia
Published: September 2020

Las ciudades modifican los parámetros microclimáticos aumentando el calentamiento urbano; en virtud de ello, existen diversas estrategias que colaboran a disminuir este impacto en contextos áridos. El presente trabajo evalúa el nivel de eficacia de dos estrategias factibles de ser incorporadas. Para ello, se diseñaron 96 escenarios que combinan 2 alturas de edificación (3 y 6m), 3 anchos de calle (16, 20 y 30m) y 4 orientaciones (E-O, N-S, NO-SE y NE-SO). Mediante el software ENVI-met se simuló el comportamiento térmico de los escenarios propuestos, el modelo fue validado mediante el monitoreo microclimático in situ. Las etapas de simulación fueron: 1.morfología, 2.forestación, 3.albedo y 4.estrategias combinadas. Los hallazgos más importantes indican que la incorporación de las estrategias combinadas resulta ser la opción más eficaz ya que se potencian los beneficios individuales; alcanzando disminuciones de hasta un 12% en la temperatura máxima, 10% en la mínima y 11% en la promedio.
Analysis of the reproduction mode in Psidium spp. using the pollen:ovule ratio
Authors: Oliveira Maria Lorraine Fonseca , Pereira Telma Nair Santana , Barbosa Rodrigo Miranda , Viana Alexandre Pio
Published: September 2020

This research aimed to explore the reproductive characteristics of three species of Psidium (P. guajava L., P. cattleyanum Sabine, and P. guineense Sw.) and estimate a probable reproduction strategy based on the pollen:ovule (P:O) methodology. The number of pollen grains per floral bud (NGPB), number of pollen grains per anther (NGPA), number of anthers per flower bud (NAB), number of ovules per flower bud (NOB), and the P:O ratio of each species were estimated. All species had a P:O ratio over 2,000 and were classified as xenogamous. P.guajava presented the highest values for all characteristics evaluated, with the NGPB at 3,777,519, the NOB at 584.50 and a P:O ratio of 6,462.82. Similarly, P. cattleyanum had a P:O ratio of 5,649.89 (NGPB 762,736 and NOB 135). However, P. guineense was considered facultative xenogamous, with P:O of 2,085.75, the NGPB at 741,484 and the NOB at 355.50. Thus, it was concluded that the studied species have a preference for allogamy and require many pollen grains to fertilize each ovule, demonstrating that the transfer of pollen to the stigma is not very specialized.
Expression of genes related to the mechanism of resistance of Conyza sumatrensis to glyphosate
Authors: Schneider Theodoro , Rizzardi Mauro Antônio , Grando Magali Ferrari , Ceccon Cássia Canzi , Nunes Anderson Luis , Didone Dielli
Published: September 2020

The elucidation of the resistance mechanism of weeds to herbicides is important for management practices. The objective of this work was to investigate the resistance mechanism of glyphosate-resistant C. sumatrensis biotypes by determining the expression levels of the constitutive gene epsps and two ABC transport protein-coding genes designated m7 and m11 with RT-qPCR. Two biotypes of C. sumatrensis were evaluated: one resistant and one susceptible to glyphosate. The treatments consisted of the absence or application of two doses of glyphosate (1,080 and 8,640 g a.e. ha-1). Plant leaves were collected at 1 and 4 days after herbicide application. No difference was observed in epsps gene expression between the studied biotypes. The expression of the m7 and m11 genes revealed that both genes had higher relative expression in the resistant biotype with the application of glyphosate at both doses. The overexpression of the m7 and m11 genes in the resistant biotype treated with glyphosate reveals that these genes play a role in herbicide resistance. These genes may be involved in the sequestration of glyphosate into the vacuole lumen in the resistant C. sumatrensis biotype studied.
Visual and anatomical analysis of welding quality x scion survival in Araucaria angustifolia
Authors: Rickli-Horst Helena Cristina , Bona Cleusa , Sant’Anna-Santos Bruno Francisco , Koehler Henrique Soares , Wendling Ivar , Zuffellato-Ribas Katia Christina
Published: September 2020

Grafting is an alternative method for the early production of Araucaria angustifolia seeds, and welding quality is essential for the success of the technique. The objective of this study was to create a classification of welding quality to estimate the percentage of scion survival. The patch and flute grafting techniques were used in a greenhouse and in the field. Survival was evaluated 270 days after grafting (DAG). At 60 DAG, observations of the graft connection region were made with the naked eye, classifying the connections into four welding classes. After 160 DAG, transverse cuts were performed on each class and visually and anatomically evaluated. Flute grafting presented higher initial survival (79%), but at 180 DAG, the survival rate of both techniques was similar (48% for flute and 41% for patch). There was greater scion survival for the class that had only two regions in contact with discontinuity in the bark. Stabilization of survival occurred after 180 DAG, regardless of the welding class. Visually, there were differences in welding quality; however, anatomically, all classes presented vascular connections. The visual welding quality assessment underestimated the percentage of scion survival. However, the vascular connection and development of parenchymatous tissue are promising for diagnosing grafting success.
COVID – 19 Impact: Domestic violence and the BAME community
Authors: Sapkota Bindu Devkota
Published: September 2020

The Coronavirus disease which started in Wuhan, China, was declared a pandemic on 11th March 2020. Since then the world has come together for the trial and approval of vaccination. Meanwhile, the adopted approach to prevent and slow down the coronavirus is social distancing, handwashing, and use of face masks. In the UK, the government, together with the National Health Service (NHS), have taken various approaches to prevent and slow down the spread of coronavirus. These included imposing a ‘lockdown’ of the country (e.g. closure of schools, businesses, parks, leisure centres), along with the emphasis on handwashing, social distancing, the use of face masks and only permitting essential travel within the UK and between the UK and other countries. These approaches have been undertaken to varying extents and within different timeframes across the four nations of the UK.  Like many other countries worldwide, the UK was not prepared for such pandemics which resulted in the inability to assess the most appropriate approach to contain the spread, including the availability of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) for frontline workers, particularly those in health care. As the crisis continues several striking social issues have emerged which may, in part, be a consequence of the measures taken.  These include the escalation in domestic violence (DV) and disproportionate burden of disease among the Black, Asian, and Minority Ethnic (BAME) community. The impact of Covid-19 may remain for a long time if appropriate measures are not put in place to address the health inequalities in time.
Algebras of Analytic Functionals and the Generalized Duhamel Product
Authors: Иванова О.А. , Мелихов С.Н.
Published: September 2020

Пусть $\Omega$ - односвязная область в комплексной плоскости, содержащая начало;
$H(\Omega)$ - пространство Фреше всех голоморфных в $\Omega$
функций. Голоморфная в $\Omega$ функция $g_0$ такая, что
$g_0(0)=1$, задает линейный непрерывный в $H(\Omega)$ оператор Поммье. Он
является одномерным возмущением оператора обратного сдвига и
совпадает с ним, если $g_0$ является тождественной единицей.
Его коммутант в кольце всех линейных непрерывных операторов в
$H(\Omega)$ изоморфен алгебре, образованной сопряженным $H(\Omega)'$ к $H(\Omega)$
с умножением, определяемым операторами сдвига для оператора Поммье по правилу свертки.
Показано, что эта алгебра является унитальной ассоциативной, коммутативной и топологической.
Исследуются ее реализации, полученные с помощью
преобразований Лапласа и Коши. Основное внимание уделено
реализации посредством преобразования Лапласа. Оно приводит к изоморфной алгебре,
образованной некоторым пространством $P_\Omega$ целых функций экспоненциального типа.
Умножение $\ast$ в ней является обобщенным произведения Дюамеля. Если $g_0$ является тождественной единицей,
то это умножение является обычным произведением Дюамеля.
Обобщенное произведение Дюамеля задается операторами свертки,
определяемыми посредством исходной функции $g_0$. В случае
преобразования Коши (для функции $g_0$, равной тождественной
единице) реализацией $H(\Omega)'$ является пространство ростков
всех функций, голоморных на дополнении $\Omega$ до расширенной
комплексной плоскости и равных нулю в бесконечности, с умножением,
противоположным обычному произведению функций и независимой
переменной. Получено описание всех собственных замкнутых идеалов
$(P_\Omega,\ast)$. Оно основывается на данном ранее авторами
описании всех собственных замкнутых $D_{0,g_0}$-инвариантных
подпространств $H(\Omega)$. Множество всех собственных замкнутых
идеалов $(P_\Omega,\ast)$ состоит из двух семейств. Одно содержит
конечномерные идеалы, задаваемые подмножествами нулевого
многообразия функции $g_0$. Другое содержит бесконечномерные
идеалы, определяемые, в частности, конечным числом точек вне
$\Omega$. Ранее аналогичная задача была решена авторами в
двойственной ситуации, именно, для алгебры ростков всех функций,
голоморфных на выпуклом локально замкнутом множестве в комплексной
плоскости. При этом рассматривалась функция $g_0$, являющаяся
произведением многочлена и экспоненты.
Boundedness of Classical Operators in eighted Spaces of Holomorphic Functions
Authors: Абанин А.В. , Кораблина Ю.В.
Published: September 2020

В работе устанавливаются критерии ограниченности классических операторов, действующих из абстрактных банаховых пространств голоморфных в области функций в весовые пространства тех же функций с равномерной нормой. Представлено дальнейшее развитие идеи Н. Зорбоска, в соответствии с которой условия ограниченности операторов весовой композиции, включая операторы умножения и обычной композиции, и интегрального оператора Вольтерра могут быть сформулированы в терминах норм $\delta$-функций в соответствующих сопряженных пространствах. В качестве приложений получены критерии ограниченности упомянутых операторов в обобщенных пространствах Бергмана и Фока. В конкретных пространствах эти критерии удается сформулировать в терминах весов, определяющих пространства, и функций, задающих композицию. По сравнению с предшествующими результатами существенно расширен класс весовых пространств голоморфных в единичном круге функций с равномерными нормами, для которых удается реализовать метод Н. Зорбоска. Кроме того, разработано распространение этого подхода на весовые пространства целых функций. На этом пути введен класс почти гармонических весов и получены оценки норм $\delta$-функций в пространствах, сопряженных с обобщенными пространствами Фока, определяемыми почти гармоническими весами.
Urbanization in Viking Age and Medieval Denmark
Authors: Corsi Maria
Published: September 2020

This study traces the history of urbanization in Denmark from c. 500 to 1350 and explores how interconnected political, religious, and economic factors were instrumental in bringing about the growth of towns. Prior to urban development, certain specialized sites such as elite residences and coastal landing places performed many of the functions that would later be taken over by medieval towns. Fundamental changes in political power, the coming of Christianity, and economic development over the course of the Viking and Middle Ages led to the abandonment of these sites in favour of new urban settlements that would come to form the political, religious, and economic centres of the medieval kingdom. Bringing together both archaeological and historical sources, this study illustrates not only how certain cultural and economic shifts were crucial to the development of towns, but also the important role urbanization had in the transition from Viking to medieval Denmark.
Characterization and source apportionment of aerosol light scattering in a typical polluted city in the Yangtze River Delta, China
Authors: Chen Dong , Zhao Yu , Zhang Jie , Yu Huan , Yu Xingna
Published: September 2020

Abstract. Through online observation and offline chemistry analysis of samples at
suburban, urban and industrial sites (NJU, PAES and NUIST, respectively) in
Nanjing, a typical polluted city in the Yangtze River Delta, we optimized the
aerosol light scattering estimation method, identified its influencing
factors and quantified the contributions of emission sources to aerosol
scattering. The daily average concentration of PM2.5 during the
sampling period (November 2015–March 2017) was 163.1±13.6 µg m−3 for the heavily polluted period, 3.8 and 1.6 times those for the
clean (47.9±15.8 µg m−3) and lightly polluted (102.1±16.4 µg m−3) periods, respectively. The largest increase in
PM concentration and its major chemical components was found at the size
range of 0.56–1.0 µm for the heavily polluted period, and the
contributions of nitrate and sulfate were the greatest in the 0.56–1.0 µm fraction (19.4 %–39.7 % and 18.1 %–34.7 %, respectively) for all the three
periods. The results indicated that the large growth of nitrate and sulfate
was one of the major reasons for the polluted periods. Based on
measurements at the three sites, the US Interagency Monitoring of Protected
Visual Environments (IMPROVE) algorithm was optimized to evaluate aerosol
scattering in eastern China. The light absorption capacity of organic carbon
(OC) was estimated to account for over half of the methanol-soluble organic
carbon (MSOC) at NJU and PAES, whereas the fraction was lower at NUIST.
Based on the Mie theory, we found that the high relative humidity (RH) could
largely enhance the light scattering effect of accumulation particles, but
it had few effects on the mixing state of particles. The scattering
coefficients of particles within the 0.56–1.0 µm range contributed the
most to the total scattering (28 %–69 %). The mass scattering efficiency
(MSE) of sulfate and nitrate increased with the elevated pollution level,
whereas a low MSE of organic matter (OM) was found for the heavily polluted
period, probably because a proportion of OM had only a light absorption
property. A coupled model of positive matrix factorization (PMF) and the Mie
theory was developed and applied for the source apportionment of aerosol
light scattering. Coal burning, industry and vehicles were identified as the
major sources of the reduced visibility in Nanjing, with an estimated
collective contribution at 64 %–70 %. The comparison between the clean and
polluted period suggested that the increased primary particle emissions from
vehicles and industry were the major causes of the visibility degradation in
urban and industrial regions, respectively. In addition, secondary aerosols
were a great contributor to the reduced visibility.
Fine-grained, spatio-temporal datasets measuring 200 years of land
development in the United States
Authors: Uhl Johannes H. , Leyk Stefan , McShane Caitlin M. , Braswell Anna E. , Connor Dylan S. , Balk Deborah
Published: September 2020

Abstract. The collection, processing and analysis of remote sensing data since the early 1970s has rapidly improved our understanding of change on the Earth’s surface. While satellite-based earth observation has proven to be of vast scientific value, these data are typically confined to recent decades of observation and often lack important thematic detail. Here, we advance in this arena by constructing new spatially-explicit settlement data for the United States that extend back to the early nineteenth century, and is consistently enumerated at fine spatial and temporal granularity (i.e., 250 m spatial, and 5 a temporal resolution). We create these time series using a large, novel building stock database to extract and map retrospective, fine-grained spatial distributions of built-up properties in the conterminous United States from 1810 to 2015. From our data extraction, we analyse and publish a series of gridded geospatial datasets that enable novel retrospective historical analysis of the built environment at unprecedented spatial and temporal resolution. The datasets are available at https://dataverse.harvard.edu/dataverse/hisdacus (Uhl and Leyk, 2020a, b, c, d).
The GGCMI Phase 2 emulators: global gridded crop model responses to changes in CO2, temperature, water, and nitrogen (version 1.0)
Authors: Franke James A. , Müller Christoph , Elliott Joshua , Ruane Alex C. , Jägermeyr Jonas , Snyder Abigail , Dury Marie , Falloon Pete D. , Folberth Christian , François Louis , Hank Tobias , Izaurralde R. Cesar , Jacquemin Ingrid , Jones Curtis , Li Michelle , Liu Wenfeng , Olin Stefan , Phillips Meridel , Pugh Thomas A. M. , Reddy Ashwan , Williams Karina , Wang Ziwei , Zabel Florian , Moyer Elisabeth J.
Published: September 2020

Abstract. Statistical emulation allows combining advantageous features of statistical and process-based crop models for understanding the effects of future climate changes on crop yields.
We describe here the development of emulators for nine process-based crop models and five crops using output from the Global Gridded Model Intercomparison Project (GGCMI) Phase 2.
The GGCMI Phase 2 experiment is designed with the explicit goal of producing a structured training dataset for emulator development that samples across four dimensions relevant to crop yields: atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) concentrations, temperature, water supply, and nitrogen inputs (CTWN).
Simulations are run under two different adaptation assumptions: that growing seasons shorten in warmer climates, and that cultivar choice allows growing seasons to remain fixed.
The dataset allows emulating the climatological-mean yield response of all models with a simple polynomial in mean growing-season values.
Climatological-mean yields are a central metric in climate change impact analysis; we show here that they can be captured without relying on interannual variations.
In general, emulation errors are negligible relative to differences across crop models or even across climate model scenarios; errors become significant only in some marginal lands where crops are not currently grown. We demonstrate that the resulting GGCMI emulators can reproduce yields under realistic future climate simulations, even though the GGCMI Phase 2 dataset is constructed with uniform CTWN offsets, suggesting that the effects of changes in temperature and precipitation distributions are small relative to those of changing means.
The resulting emulators therefore capture relevant crop model responses in a lightweight, computationally tractable form, providing a tool that can facilitate model comparison, diagnosis of interacting factors affecting yields, and integrated assessment of climate impacts.
El mundo, espuma del tiempo en nuestra mano: chatear con Sergio (Roncallo-Dow)
Authors: Murcia Quiñones Harvey , Arango Carlos Andrés
Published: September 2020

Este trabajo presenta una re-visión analítica de una experiencia comunicativa entre amigos y colegas, motivado por la muerte de Sergio Roncallo-Dow. Desde la intuición suya de cómo otros lenguajes tecnológicos comenzaban a ser espacios de inspección intelectual, abordamos la reflexión de cómo los chats se convierten en lugares para aventurar tesis, realizar asociaciones libres y comentar los sucesos del mundo. Todo esto lleva de fondo la pregunta por la tecnología, la noción de medio y la filosofía como forma de vida, cercanos a Sergio y motores de pensamiento para nosotros en tanto amigos y colegas.
A Quantitative Research Study for Determining the Effects of Teachers’ Attitude on Students’ Learning English Language in Pakistan
Authors: Channa Siraj Ahmed , Channa Mansoor Ahmed , Ilyas Rozy , Lanjwani Abdul Razzaque
Published: September 2020

English learning as a foreign or second language is no more complicated process in modern era. In Pakistan, the young generation is trained with different aspects of life not only in academics but also in professional, social and in psychological domains. This study investigates the effects of teachers’ attitude on learning English as a foreign language. The study used survey questionnaire to find the effects of teachers’ attitude. Almost 106 participants volunteered for this study from three departments of one university of Pakistan. The gathered data was analyzed through SPSS version 20 to find percentage, mean score and SD. The study offered the most promising results based on teachers attitudes on learning English. The results revealed teachers’ caring attitude as significant factor related to the cognitive and communicative abilities of the students. Further, the results of this study indicated that the success of the class always depend on teachers’ behavior with the most effective impacts on learners’ social and academic success. Moreover, this study discusses the detailed information about teachers’ attitude on students’ language learning, classroom performance and future impact on language teaching and learning.
The Search for a Result-Oriented Public Sector Reform in Ghana: A Myth or Reality?
Authors: Agbevade Akpeko , Koduah Desmond Tweneboah
Published: September 2020

The Article Examined Whether Public Sector Reform In Ghana Is A Myth Or Reality. It Emerged That Since Independence In 1957, Successive Governments Implemented Both Socialist And Market-Oriented Public Sector Reforms; However, None Of These Reforms Yielded The Expected Outcome. Hence, The New Patriotic Party On Winning Political Power Initiated The National Public Sector Reform Strategy. This Reform Aimed At Using The Public Sector As The Catalyst To Stimulate The Private Sector For Job Creation And National Development. The Study Found That The Reform Made Some Gains. However, Excessive Partisanship, Narrow Political Commitment, Donor-Funding, The Time Boundedness Of The Reform And Focus On Only 16 Ministries, Departments And Agencies Militated Against It Success Hence Public Sector Reform Is A Myth In Ghana.  The Article Recommends Commitment To The Directive Principles Of State Policy As The Panacea To Effectiveness Of Public Sector Reforms In Ghana.
Stage of Takeoff Based on Rostow's Theory for the Role of Manufacture of Non-metals, Except Petroleum and Coal Manufacture to the Economic Increase
Authors: Muda Iskandar , - Nurlina , - Erlina , Nuradi Tengku Erry
Published: September 2020

This study aims to know the effect of Manufacture of Non Metalic, Except Petroleum & Coal and Manufacture of Basic Metals to the Economic Growth based on Stage of Takeoff on Rostow's Theory. Type of research is Causal Design approach. Type of data is secondary data from Government Statistics Agency Republic of Indonesia period in years 2000 until 2015. The method of analysis used Smart PLS software. The Findings of this research are Manufacture of Non Metalic, Except Petroleum & Coal and Manufacture of Basic Metals variables influence to the Economic Increase. The Impact of this study is not analyzed with the approach of data pooling and cross section model so that the coefficients of each equation can be known each year so it can be known which has a big influence on Economic Increase. This research has implications for the government to provide facilities and facilities to investors who want to enter in the field of Manufacture of Non-Metalic, Except Petroleum & Coal and Manufacture of Basic Metals.The value of this research has a good value because it is measurement from 2000 until 2015 periods.
Assessing the Effectiveness of e-Government and e-Governance in South Africa: During National Lockdown 2020
Authors: Blom P.P. , Uwizeyimana D.E.
Published: September 2020

This article aims to assess the effectiveness of e-Government and e-Governance service during the national lockdown in South Africa. The focus of this article is on e-Health, e-Education and e-Municipal Services delivery, as these are the most sought-after e-Services during the national lockdown caused by COVID-19 (coronavirus) pandemic in 2020. Education, health, and municipal services are some of the core functions that could not be paused during the lockdown due to their importance. The methodology used in this research is mainly qualitative. Unobtrusive research techniques based on documentary and theoretical analysis will be applied to assess the state and use of e-Government and e-Governance within the public sector during the national lockdown in South Africa. The findings of this article suggest that government failed to achieve its objective of building an inclusive Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) infrastructure in South Africa. Even though steps have been taken by the government to provide free access to basic e-Services, network coverage, and ICT infrastructures, poverty and inequality remain the major challenges in rural areas. The findings of this research suggest that the South African government needs to build ICT infrastructures in rural areas and to provide citizens with training on how to utilise ICT infrastructures in order to reduce the gap between rural and urban areas.
Het prestatievoordeel van publiek-private samenwerking
Authors: Verweij Stefan , van Meerkerk Ingmar , Leendertse Wim
Published: September 2020

The Performance Advantage of Public-Private Partnerships: An Analysis of Transport Infrastructure Projects in the Netherlands

Compared to regular contracts, infrastructure development and management through Public-Private Partnerships (PPPs) is expected to lead to better cost and time performance. However, the evidence for this performance advantage of PPPs is lacking. This article analyzes the performance differences of projects with a Design-Build-Finance-Maintain (DBFM) contract (a type of PPP) and a Design-and-Construct (D&C) contract. Project performance data were collected (N = 65) from the Project Database of Rijkswaterstaat and analyzed using non-parametric tests. Rijkswaterstaat is the executive agency of the Ministry of Infrastructure and Water Management. The results show that DBFM-projects have a significantly higher cost performance than D&C-projects. In particular, DBFM-projects have less additional costs related to technical necessities in the implementation phase. Regarding time performance, DBFM-projects seem to perform better although the difference with D&C-projects is not statistically significant. The article discusses explanations for the performance advantage of PPPs, rooted in principal-agent theory. From this discussion, an agenda is presented for further research into the performance advantage of Public-Private Partnerships.
Dierenrechten in de Grondwet?
Authors: de Jong Sierd Hans
Published: September 2020

Universal rights for animals?

Two petitions on the internet strive to include ‘animal rights’ in the Dutch Constitution. Jeremy Bentham stipulated that animals should not be denied the right to happiness, because they suffer. The Dutch philosopher Eskens made a plea to grant animals the same fundamental rights as humans. Theoretically, this leads to special, bizarre and sometimes paradoxical situations. This indicates that the logic in this theory is missing.

In the past fifty years, ethological science made enormous progress and we have learned much more about the emotions and the behaviour of animals. Animals travel consciously through ‘time’ and hurt their brains in the search for knowledge and experiences. But this does not yet make humans and animals equal. Within the legal discourse there is no place for universal rights for animals because these must always be asserted through human intervention. The energy to maintain the bureaucracy Eskens proposes should be used to formulate animal protection as a human obligation.
Boekbespreking ‘Ooit aten we dieren’ van auteur Roanne van Voorst
Authors: de Olde Evelien
Published: September 2020

Book review

In this feature authors review recently published books on subjects of interest to readers of Beleid en Maatschappij.
Langdurige zorg is te eenzijdig ingestoken
Authors: Hilberink Sander R. , Cardol Mieke
Published: September 2020

The Blind Spot

The most relevant part of a discussion is not what is discussed but what cannot be spoken of. The real taboos are those for which it is taboo to call them taboos. The status quo defines itself as non-ideological while denouncing any challenge to itself as radical.

Therefore the column ‘De blinde vlek’ frames the framers, politicizes the status quo and articulates what is not heard of.
Concernaansprakelijkheid bij inbreuken op het EU-mededingingsrecht: Skanska in actie
Authors: Meijer Rogier
Published: September 2020

Concernaansprakelijkheid bij inbreuken op het EU-mededingingsrecht: Skanska in actie

Een duidelijk voorbeeld van een beperking van de procedurele autonomie van de lidstaten vormt het Skanska-arrest van het Hof van Justitie, waarin het ruime ondernemingsbegrip dat wordt toegepast in het publieke mededingingsrecht is doorgetrokken naar de privaatrechtelijke handhaving van het mededingingsrecht. Het arrest heeft veel stof doen opwaaien vanwege zijn potentieel verstrekkende gevolgen. Het in onderhavige bijdrage te bespreken arrest van het Hof Arnhem Leeuwarden in een follow-on zaak in het Gas Geïsoleerd Schakelmateriaal-kartel geeft het hof toepassing aan het Skanska-arrest en past daarbij het ondernemingsbegrip zoals we dat kennen uit de publieke handhaving van het mededingingsrecht toet op de beoordeling van de aansprakelijkheid van een niet-beboete dochtermaatschappij van een de karteldeelnemers.
O Movimento Negro educador: saberes construídos nas lutas por emancipação, de Nilma Lino Gomes Petrópolis
Authors: Dorneles Dandara Rodrigues
Published: September 2020

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Interferência do empresariado na implementação de políticas públicas educacionais: o caso do Programa Ensino Médio Inovador/Jovem de Futuro no estado do Pará
Authors: Araujo Keline Rodrigues
Published: September 2020

O presente artigo é uma premissa da temática a ser abordada na dissertação de mestrado, do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Currículo e Gestão da Escola Básica da Universidade Federal do Pará. Objetiva-se com esse estudo identificar como o Instituto Unibanco direcionou a implementação do Programa Ensino Médio Inovador/Jovem de Futuro no estado do Pará a partir de um modelo de gestão desenvolvido pelas empresas privadas. Assim, será empreendido uma análise do percurso realizado pelo Comitê Gestor do Programa, durante o ano de 2013 a 2014, período em que a pesquisadora desenvolveu a função de Coordenadora da política no estado. A partir do estudo realizado inferimos que as empresas privadas engessam a autonomia da escola ao impor um modelo de gestão por resultados.