bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Research on Thermal Radiation Domino Effect in LPG Tank Area
Authors: Wang Yue , Song Wen Hua , Cheng Bao Dong , Song Xiang Jie
Published: December 2013

on the basis of domino effect, this paper analyzes the LPG tank pool fires and BLEVE fireballs dangerous characteristics once leakage, and thermal radiation domino effect model is established. A LPG tank area in tianjin as the analysis object, based on the calculation results the countermeasures are given.
The Environment Risk Analysis and Prevention Countermeasures of Potable Water Sources in Wuhan Section of Yangtze River
Authors: Xia Kai , Hou Hao Bo , Wang Si Xuan , Lv Yi , Zhou Zhe Hao , Zhou Min
Published: December 2013

Strengthening the protection of potable water sources is the important measure to ensure potable water safety for people. Based on the investigation of potable water sources in Yangtze River Wuhan section, this paper analyses the potential fixed risk sources, flowing risk sources and other risk sources. To ensure water safety for people, the government should readjust the industrial structure, supervise industrial enterprises, improve the emergency system, coordinate departments linkage, and accelerate potable water sources protection project.
Study on the Cause of Oil Tank Fire and Fire Prevention Countermeasure
Authors: Wang Bing Qiang
Published: December 2013

Oil is a kind of important chemical raw materials, countries have put oil as an important sources of energy and actively expanded its strategic oil reserve along with our country energy strategy adjustment. The number of oil storage increases constantly, the tank farm scale expands unceasingly and fire accident of oil storage tank rises constantly. So it is an important measure for preventing the oil tank fire to analyze reason of oil tank fire and adopt corresponding fire prevention countermeasures.
Coking Wastewater Physico-Chemical Treatment Technology Evolvement Review
Authors: Liu Zhi Jiao , Yang Yun Lng
Published: December 2013

Coal coking wastewater is generated from coking, coal gas purification and coking product recovery process, its composition is complex and difficult to degrade. By introducing the coking wastewater treatment research and application, such as adsorption,coagulation and sedimentation, flue gas treatment and other physical methods, as well advanced oxidation, wet oxidation, Fenton reagent method, photocatalytic oxidation, ultrasonic oxidation, ozone oxidation method, electrochemical oxidation, supercritical water oxidation, incineration and plasma technology, this paper puts forward the trend of coking wastewater treatment technology.
Application of Big Data in Environmental Monitoring
Authors: Li Jing
Published: December 2013

This article analyses how to combine Big Data with the technology of the internet of things. It believes that application of Big Data management can resolve environmental monitoring problems. It sets up the system construction of environmental monitoring based on application of big dada, which includes perception layer, network and information transmission layer and application layer. It puts forward the measurements of Big Data application that solving data storage technology update, cooperation and research of discipline and inter industry, setting up specialized agencies and technical personnel reserve .Through the application of Big Data in environmental monitoring, new phenomena and problems and regular pattern of environmental problems in China can be found out on time to provide the valid basis for environmental problems.
Study on Relationship between Groundwater Conductivity and Chemical Characteristics in Seawater Intrusion Area around Laizhou Bay
Authors: Su Qiao , Peng Chang Sheng , Yu Hong Jun , Xu Xiong Yong , Yao Jing
Published: December 2013

Based on the monitoring data in the coastal area of Laizhou bay, the paper presents the correlation between groundwater conductivity and chemical characteristics.The results showed that,compared with titration method,application of Diagometer has the advantages of high accuracy,fast speed and simple operation.When the seawater intrusion has not yet occurred or relatively weak,the effect of the application of diagometer is not very obvious.Only when seawater intrusion occurs serious,application of Diagometer can reflect the changes of mineralization degree and chloride ion concentration of groundwater accurately.
Occurrence of Phthalate Esters in Sewage Sludge from Wastewater Treatment Plants in Shanghai, China
Authors: Wang Ying , Li Yue , Wen Zhi Hao , Liu Li Zao
Published: December 2013

The widely use of phthalate esters (PAEs) in both industry and commercial products leads to their ubiquitous existence in the environment. In this study, sewage samples were collected from Several wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) in Shanghai, China to investigate the levels and profiles of PAEs. Of the 16 PAEs, DMP, DEP, DnBP, DiBP, DCHP, DEHP, DnNP and DnOP were present in all sludge samples. DEHP and DnBP are found to be the dominant PAEs in sludge, and the average concentration of DEHP in this study is at a medium magnitude in the world. Following sludge application in farmland, the annual mass loading of PAEs is up to 32,000 kg. However, further studies are needed to explore the metabolites of PAEs in sludge since they are easily biodegraded in WWTP process.
A Determination Method for Formaldehyde Based on Micro-Fluidic Chip
Authors: Xu Yuan Yuan , Zhang Xiao , Lin Zhen
Published: December 2013

A determination method for formaldehyde based on micro-fluidic chip was developed in this study. Formaldehyde samples with 3-methyl-2-benzothiazolinone hydrazone hydrochloride (MBTH) and ammonium ferric sulfate were well mixed and reacted in a micro-fluidic chip, and signals in effluent were determined online. The correlation coefficient of calibration line was greater than 0.999, which indicated that signals of this device were highly positively correlated with formaldehyde concentration. The relative standard deviations (RSD) of same sample were less than 2% at different formaldehyde concentration levels, indicating perfect reproducibility of this method. Noteworthy, this method was affected significantly by temperature since the online signal was depended on the extent of reaction.
Chemical Speciation of Metal Elements in Agricultural and Non-Agricultural Soils
Authors: Yang Si Lin , Tang Li Qiong
Published: December 2013

The chemical speciation of metal (Fe, Al, Mn and Cr) elements in agricultural and non-agricultural soils was investigated in upstream of the Pearl River, China. The result showed that Fe, Al and Cr in most of the samples, residual fractions accounted for more than 80% of their total concentrations. Mn in most of the samples, the reducible fractions were more than 40%, and generally more than residual fractions, oxidizable and weak acid soluble fractions. The mobility factors (MF) of Mn were the highest in both agricultural and non-agricultural soils, suggesting that the mobility of Mn were the strongest among the four metal elements. The MFs of Fe and Cr were almost zero, suggesting their mobility were low.
Study on Phenol Oxidation Catalyzed by Persulfate
Authors: Li Shen Xin , Hu Wei , Wang Ying , Li Jian Zhang , Wang Cheng Duan
Published: December 2013

The phenol oxidation with persulfate catalyzed were studied. Effects of several parameters, such as dose of oxidant, pH, temperature and UV irradiation, were investigated in detail. The results showed that the phenol oxidation by persulfate could be fitted to a pseudo-first order kinetics model. The optimum acidity of the phenol oxidation system in the paper is ca. pH 8.76, the optimum temperature which is ca.70 °C and the optimum molar ratio of persulfate to the phenol is ca.40 in the solution.The results are useful for the treatment of industrial wastewater.
Key words: Phenol oxidation Schiff base manganese (III) complexes Persulfate
Marine Environmental Risk Assessment Method for Active Substances Used in Antifouling Systems on Ships in China
Authors: Wang Jian Bing , Zhao Fan , Yang Xiao Ling , Han Wen Ya , Long Kevin , Zhou Yun Rui
Published: December 2013

A Chinese risk assessment procedure was developed to address active substances used in biologically active (biocidal) antifouling paints. The priority was to promote the use of environmentally friendly, technically and economically viable alternatives to DDT/TBT (dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane/tributyltin) in the control of marine fouling organisms. The procedure was based upon European Union Biocide Product Directive (EU-BPD) and International Standard Organization (ISO) method for the Environmental risk assessment of antifouling systems. In order to focus on Chinese national conditions, international templates were adapted to address regional differences. In the Chinese method, persistence, bioaccumulation and toxicity information is assessed on a step by step basis, allowing an antifouling substance to be defined as either Risk of high concern or Relatively low risk at the end of the decision making process. 4,5-Dichloro-2-n-Octyl-3-Isothiazolinone (DCOIT, Sea-nine), triphenylborane pyridine (TPBP), 8-methyl-N-vanillyl-6-nonenamide (Capsaicin) and Zinc ethylene (bis) dithiocarbamate (Zineb), popularly used in China as active substance of antifouling paints, were reviewed according to the developed procedure. The preliminary results indicate that Sea-nine use in antifouling products can be considered low risk, whereas TPBP, Capsaicin and Zineb failed the screening procedure on the basis of bioaccumulation potential, persistence and an unacceptable risk ratio, respectively. Data availability was determined to be a critical factor in the assessments due to the application of Safety Factors for data-poor substances.
The Assessment and Research of Negative Influence to Environment Caused by Freeway Marketization Development Mode
Authors: Wang Zuo Gong , Zhang Feng Yu
Published: December 2013

This paper studies the influence on environment provoked by the construction and operation freeway under marketization mode. Through the comprehensive analysis of influence to environment which is from marketization development mode freeway’s environmental protection investment, quality of project, devastation to natural and cultural environment, toll station operation. We found that there exists a mass of damages to natural and cultural environment, and the characteristic of marketization development mode results in derivative damages and repetitive pollution. At last, this article puts forward some solutions such as strengthening constitutional construction, enhancing supervision, completing and adjusting the marketization development mode.
Huoshiling Formation Volcanic Reservoir Control Factors Analysis of Wangfu Fault Depression in Southern Songliao Basin
Authors: Yan Xu , Xue Hai Tao
Published: December 2013

Wangfu fault depression Huoshiling Formation in southern Songliao Basin volcanic rocks with larger gas potential, but the volcanic reservoir control factors is not clear, the author take Well Wangfu 1 for example, explore the Huoshiling Formation of volcanic rock reservoir control factors. Well Wangfu 1 main lithology is andesite, volcanic breccia and tuff;on the lithofacies is given priority to with the overflow facies, followed by eruption facies, a small amount of volcanic sedimentary facies; denudation, devitrify and tectonism have the significance on improving reserving space; gaps in the tuff to improve large reservoir, it is more obvious that andesite and volcanic breccia improving permeability; volcanic breccia of Well Wangfu 1 is the relatively favorable reservoir space.
Reservoir Prediction of Zhong 2 Block in Junggar Basin, NW China
Authors: Yuan Yong , Zhang Jin Liang , Meng Ning Ning
Published: December 2013

Reservoir plane features of Zhong 2 block in Junggar Basin is analyzed with multiattribute analysis. Through the production of fine synthetic seismograms, the research area is analyzed by seismic attribute. On the basis of the calibration of synthetic seismograms and interpretation of horizon, accurate corresponding relation between the seismic reflection and geological horizon is established. By means of multiple attribute extraction technology, relatively independent attributes related to oil and gas are selected, and afterwards the analysis of the petrophysical characteristics and the optimization of the seismic attribute are achieved. Finally, through the seismic attributes analysis technology and the horizon slice technology, and seismic inversion is conducted, the favorable areas of oil accumulation are predicted.
The Oil Accumulation Law of Putaohua Oil Layer in Taidongarea, Songliao Basin
Authors: Wang Zai Qiang
Published: December 2013

The research on Putaohua oil layer in Taidong,Songliao Basin using core,logging and seisimic information shows that oil is divided into belts from east to west influenced by faults striking from south to north and oil potential is getting poorer from east to west, oil is mainly distributed in the middle of Putaohua oil layer showing double peaks, and the main reservoir type is fault-lithology reservoir formd by NStrending faults and NW trending channel sandbody on the slope dipping to the southeast. According to the match type between fault and sandbody in single trap ,we draw the accumulation law that oil accumulation area is controlled by single fault-terrace belt; the high-quality reservoir is composed of underwater distributary channel and river sheet sand; vertical oil accumulation height is influenced by fault lateral sealing ability; and oil accumulation horizon is controlled by the match type between fault and sandbody.
Geochemical and Palaeo-Climate Significance of the 56 Submember of Majiagou Formation in Northern Shaanxi Ordovician Salt Basin
Authors: Gong Wen Qiang , Zhang Yong Sheng
Published: December 2013

In order to investigate the geochemical and palaeo-climate significance of the 56submember of majiagou formation, mineral assemblage and inorganic geochemistry features of SJ1 well were particular analyzed by X-ray diffraction and SEM characterization. The result of trace and major elements about mudstone interlayer samples showed that the mineral assemblage of clay in this area was mainly illite and chlorite, and these two complement were relatively complementd from each other. Mn, Sr, P, Cu, Rb/Sr, Sr/Cu, Fe/Mn, (Fe+Al)/(Ca+Mg) ,V/(V+Ni) and Cu/Zn had the simialr variation tendencies on the vertical section. Upper and middle cycle could be divided into five and four sub-cycles, respectively. The analysis on clay minerals and chemical elements revealed that the paleoclimate of the 56Submember of Majiagou was formed in semi-arid and arid with deepwater and reducing environment. The palaeo-climate of upper cycle was more arid than the middle, and it had lower frequency on the secondary wet-arid change, which was regarded to be conducive to the formation of potassium.
A Study on Quantitative Characterization of Adsorption Capacity of Shale
Authors: Zeng Fang , Huang Wen Biao , Liu Min , Lu Shuang Fang , Yu Ling
Published: December 2013

Adsorption capacity is a fundamental property of shale gas content that is vital to estimation of the shale gas in-place, which is controlled by organic matter (OM) and clay mineral (CM). The adsorption behavior of CM is easily neglected because of the capacity of OM is much more powerful. In this study an improved Langmuir model with adsorbents which including OM, CM and other minerals (Oth) based on adsorption experiments results on four mudstone samples in Northern Songliao Basin was set. The given Langmuir volume (VL) and Langmuir pressure (PL) are applied to geological conditions in terms of the empirical formula. Results show that adsorption capacity of CM account for 30% ~ 70% which cannot be ignored in continental lake basin in OM-rich shale (TOC=1%~6%). The verifications for the new model with experimental results in other basins are correct and reliable. Therefore, a new method could be used to predict adsorption capacity of shale reasonably.
Fault Control on Hydrocarbon Accumulation in South Beier Sag
Authors: Wang Chao , Fu Guang , Dong Ying Jie
Published: December 2013

In order to research the relationship between the fracture and reservoir in the south beier sag, using the method of integrating theory with practice, Through research fracture development and system partition and anatomy of the reservoir shows that the fracture on the formation of the reservoirs mainly the following two aspects, First,the fracture provides migration conditions for oil and gas namely 1 early extend fracture make 1st member of Nantun group surcerock and the south 2nd member of Nantun group reservoir side joint, which is beneficial to oil lateral migration; 2 the long-term development fracture for secondary reservoir formation provides favorable conducting channel; Second, Fracture provides shield condition for oil and gas accumulation, namely 1 reverse fault "back on" low uplift area native reservoir accumulation are controlled; 2 reverse fault - fan control assembled parts of the secondary hydrocarbon reservoirs.
Analysis of Reservoir Choke and Broken Down of Tong Liao Uranium Production
Authors: Yan Feng
Published: December 2013

This project aims at the phenomenon of increasing injection pressure of injection wells of the Tong Liao Uranium SW-8E test wells group, carries out the research of reservoir choke and broken down. By analysis of the water quality of injected and produced fluid through the test wells, scaling prediction, physical simulation experiments and other research, we find the main cause of clogging injection wells: Bacteria blockage, scale blockage, solids blockage and reservoir clay swelling blockage. Meanwhile according to the main reasons of reservoir pollution we have carried on pointed research of broken down, excogitate a better integrated and targeted reservoir choke Blocking Remover. Through on-site implementation, the injection pressure is reduced by 0.3-0.4MPa (maximum allowable injection pressure is 2.0MPa), well purge period is extended from three days to three months, this project solves the problems and achieves very good results.
Geological Characteristics and Exploration Potential of the NO.III Deposit in the Xiongcun District, Tibet, China
Authors: Lang Xing Hai , Tang Ju Xing , Xie Fu Wei
Published: December 2013

The Xiongcun district is located along the south margin of the Gangdese porphyry copper belt, approximately 53 km west of the Xigaze. No.III deposit is a newly discovered porphyry copper-gold deposit in the Xiongcun district. This paper first reports geological characteristics and exploration potential of No.III deposit. No.III deposit is hosted by Early Jurassic hornblende quartz diorite porphyry. Pervasive alteration is dominated by a well-mineralized potassic alteration. Major ore-bearing vein types include quartz-sulfide and chlorite-sulfide veins. Drilling holes and geochemical anomaly indicated the No.III deposit has excellent potential for exploration.
Pre-Cooling the Inlet Airflow of the Mine Utilizing the Shallow Rock Low Temperature Resource
Authors: Chen Xi Shan , Zhang Yong Liang
Published: December 2013

In order to reduce operating temperature of deep mine, took shallow rock layer low temperature effect of mine as natural energy (cold) source in the spring and summer, used shallow abandoned waste roadway as cooling space to carry out research on deep cooling ventilation. Built model of heat and moisture exchange between inlet airflow and low temperature rock layer, carried out numerical simulation for inlet airflow cooling process of specific test mine. At the same time, inlet airflow cooling results of the experimental mine was gotten through testing and verifying. Results show: using this natural energy (cold)source that shallow rock layer low temperature effect of metal mine and abandoned resource of roadway, shaft, slop etc. cooling the inlet airflow instead of artificial refrigeration to auxiliary mine deep cooling in the spring and summer have practical saving energy significance and better applied prospect.
Formation Mechanism of Fractures in Tight Sandstone Reservoirs of the Second Member of Xujiahe Formation in the North of Western Sichuan Foreland Basin
Authors: Gao Shuai , Ma Shi Zhong , Liu Yan , Zeng Lian Bo , Gong Lei
Published: December 2013

Fractures control the distribution of tight sandstone gas reservoirs in the Second Member of Xujiahe Formation in the north of western Sichuan foreland basin. According to the data of filed outcrops, cores, image logs, slice and experimental analysis, we analyzed the genetic types, development characteristics, formation periods and forming mechanism of the fractures in the study area. Tectonic fracture and diagenesis fracture are the two types of fracture in the Second Member of Xujiahe tight sandstones. Between the two types, tectonic fracture is the main. They are mostly shear fractures with three sets of NEE-SWW, NNE-SSW and NW-SE orientations. Structural shear fractures mostly developed under the tectonism of the end of Indosinian, Yanshan and Himalaya stage. The force that formed tectonic fractures came from compression of Longmen Mountain and Micang-Daba Mountain, overpressure formed from deep buried and stress caused by uplift.
Research of Cleaner Production System in Phosphate Mine
Authors: Ye Jun , Cheng Sheng Gao , Yi Shi , Song Jia , Liu Xiao Tong
Published: December 2013

Considering phosphate mine as an object, the text using Analytical Hierarchy Process established a model of cascade evaluation index system. And through the successful experiences of the cleaning production of advanced enterprises of phosphate mine at home and broad, this text determined the recommended value of evaluation index; And in this paper, using fuzzy mathematics method and the success experiences of experts, we put forward a quantitative evaluation method and established a cleaning production evaluation system of phosphate mine.
Organic Matter Characteristics of Coal Measure Source Rocks of Well Wanggu 1 in Huanghua Depression
Authors: Xue Pei , Wang Yan Bing , Zhang Xin , Fan Jing Jing
Published: December 2013

Applying the method of source rocks pyrolysis to analyze 19 pieces of coal measure source rocks of Shanxi-Taiyuan group in Huanghua Depression, the results show that the level of organic matter abundance of coal measures hydrocarbon source rock in Shanxi-Taiyuan group of Well Wanggu 1 is the poor. Using monadic linear regression method to analysis the data of S2 and TOC, the results show that the type of the mudstone organic matter in the Shanxi - Taiyuan group belongs to III, the type of coal sample organic matter in Shanxi-Taiyuan group belongs to I. Due to the data of samples in the Shanxi group is less, the results of the coal sample in Shanxi group are only for reference. According to the data of Tmax, the most of the coal measures hydrocarbon source rocks in Shanxi - Taiyuan group are in the maturity stage, several samples are in the high maturity stage.
Energy Saving in Mine Ventilation Roadway and its Optimization Model Solving
Authors: Liu Jie , Yang Peng , Lv Wen Sheng
Published: December 2013

The paper is aimed at introducing our research of mathematical modelling of mine ventilation roadway optimal cross-section and its solving method. As we know, a rational cross-section should be determined to satisfy each intake and return airflow roadway based on the analysis of the relationship between ventilation cross-section and capital construction costs, in addition to maintenance costs and ventilation power costs. Reasonable selection of ventilation roadway cross-section is important to economic. The least square method is reasonable to build mathematical model for ventilation roadway costs. On the basis of previous studies, the relationship of capital construction costs and maintenance costs were further analyzed. Finally, considering the capital construction, maintenance and ventilation power costs three costs, the mathematical model was more accurate. Through researching a single ventilation roadway costs variation with the size of cross-section, cross-section size determined by considering time variable of costs was optimal, and built by this size could reduce economic investment. Hereby, it provides a solving method for the whole process of ventilation networks roadway cross-section optimization.
Design of a Double CPU and Distributed Coal Mine Fault Oscillograph
Authors: Nie Wen Yan , Wang Zhong En
Published: December 2013

Traditional microcomputer fault oscillograph cannot meet the requirements of coal mine substation to digital and networked. A double CPU and distributed coal mine fault oscillograph is presented, the device data acquisition unit of new fault oscillograph use high performance DSP chip TMS320LF2812 to complete signal acquisition and processing, and S3C2410 chip is used in data management unit to complete the data storage, display and communication function. Test results show that the new fault oscillograph could separately installed in each substation and has stable operation and high communication capacity advantages.
Hydraulic Fracturing Mechanical Mechanism Analyses for Soft Seams Considering Strain Softening Character
Authors: Lei Yi , Wu Wen Bin
Published: December 2013

Mathematical model based on elasticity is not suitable for soft seam hydraulic fracturing mechanism study because its intensity is small, Poisson's ratio is relatively large, and its prone to plastic deformation. Based on plastic mechanics, the theory of large deformation and fracture mechanics theory, hydraulic fracturing of soft coal seam is divided into three phases, namely, coal bed compaction, fracture initiation and crack propagation from the view of the deformation mechanism, the occurring and developing mechanism. The initiation pressure of soft seams considered strain softening character after plastic deformation is obtained on the basis of above. The result shows that the initiation pressure is related to elastic modulus, Poisson's ratio, the angle of internal friction and residual strength. Elastic modulus is inversely proportional to the initiation pressure, the greater its value, the smaller the initiation pressure; but Poisson's ratio, the angle of internal friction and the residual strength and fracture initiation pressure is directly proportional relationship, the greater its value, since the smaller the crack pressure.
Analysis of Coal Mine Methane Development Technology in China
Authors: Sun Xin , Nie Bai Sheng , Huang Sheng Chu , Hu Shou Tao
Published: December 2013

This paper introduces occurrence characteristics of coal bed methane in China, and analyses the influence of coal seam permeability on coal mine methane extraction. In addition, it presents the mechanism of increasing permeability by pressure relief. Lastly, the methane extraction technologies are discussed, and the applicable conditions of these technologies are analyzed. It is seen that choosing appropriate methane drainage technology, often in combination with several technologies including ground drilling, underground drilling, and pressure relief and permeability improving measures, is crucial for geological complex coal seam, especially low permeability soft coal seam.
Research on Surrounding Rock Control Technology in Two Hard Fully Mechanized Coal Mining
Authors: Xia Hong Chun , Zhang Ru Nan , Li Wei
Published: December 2013

The coal 8210 big mining height of the Datong mine Jin hua gong face in the process of mining airport coal pillar fried state a, floor deformation intense, serious kick drum, eventually leading to rock failure .In the severe cases, easily induced by shock pressure and other disasters ,these have serious impact on the efficient production of face security in the large mining height. by the airport side of roadway roof pressure relief, combined with roadway bolting reinforcement technology effectively control the deformation of surrounding rock of roadway, Test results show that the security measures taken can meet the well production safety requirements.
The Division of No 1304 Face in Tangkou Coal Mine and a Case Analysis
Authors: Cheng Wei Min , Zhao Shan Shan , Wang Gang
Published: December 2013

Based the analysis of the “3 zones” theory and index of spontaneous combustion in the mined out area, six measured points under which there are air sample collection probe and temperature sensor measuring the air composition and temperature of the mined out area of No 1304 face are arranged along both crossheadings of the mined out area in order to divide the “3 zones” of spontaneous combustion with the combination of the mining situation of No 1304 face in Tangkou coal mine. This present study mainly measures and analyzes the concentration of O2 and the temperature change and takes advantage of the Matlab and Excel to fit the concentration of O2 to determine the range of “3 zones”of spontaneous combustion in NO. 1304 face. Meanwhile, the concentration of CO is also measured and analyzed to determine the most prone location to fire of No. 1304.
A Novel Tracking and Warning Method for Gas Pre-Drainage Project Based on X-Rs Control Chart
Authors: Hou Shao Jie , Zhang Yu Wei , Cheng Yuan Ping
Published: December 2013

To well develop coal gas and prevent gas outburst accidents, gas pre-drainage project has become the prerequisite of coal mining in underground collieries. Its construction quality determined drainage effect as well as touched miners lives closely. Based on the X-Rs control chart, a novel tracking and warning method for the gas pre-drainage project was proposed. Firstly, the data structure of upward cross-seam boreholes that were widely used in gas pre-drainage project was built. As time went by, the construction data of boreholes formed multivariable time series. Using the difference transformation between construction and design, the inspection data series of boreholes construction was designed. After that, the complete X-Rs control chart was implemented, in which by three types of anomaly characteristics the tracking and warning of the construction quality was accomplished.
Geochemical Anomalous Features and Genesis of Molybdenum Element in Uranium Resources Potential Evaluation and Prediction
Authors: Fu Jin , Zhao Ning Bo , Li Xin Chun , Hao Wei , Pei Cheng Kai
Published: December 2013

Based on stream sediment geochemical anomalous features of molybdenum element in China, this paper studied the main zoning of geochemical anomalous features of molybdenum element. At the same time, geochemical anomalous features and genesis of molybdenum element in different types of uranium deposits in Uranium resources potential evaluation were analyzed.
Research shows that, molybdenum is an important dedicator element in uranium geochemical exploration, though there is some difference of geochemical anomalous features in different types of uranium deposit. Molybdenum element played an important role in prediction of further ore-prospecting of carbonaceous-siliceous-argillaceous, volcanic and sandstone uranium deposit. By combining the analysis of geological factors such as rock formation, succession of strata, structure, molybdenum element geochemical anomaly helps to improving prediction accuracy of uranium resources potential evaluation.
The Development and Test of New Type of Hydraulic Classifier
Authors: Liu Yuan Yang , Zhang Yi Shun , Wang Fei Yue , Shi Chang Liang , Zhang Ling
Published: December 2013

Hydraulic classifier is widely used in the mill plant，But the design of traditional hydraulic classifier is simple，less controllable factors, cause the inaccuracy of Classifying product particle size，low classification efficiency. In order to solve these problems, the paper puts forward a new hydraulic classifier, we can improve the efficiency of classification by improving the appearance structure of hydraulic classifier and taking two pieces of top water. In the lab，the classification test was conducted with the coarse slime (0.9~0.3 mm, 0.3~0.074 mm) from Yanma coal preparation plant under the two phase of water supplying. The results of test show that by using two phase of water supplying, the new hydraulic classifier Can improve the classification effect of coarse coal slime.
Theoretical Study on Reform of Mining Management System
Authors: Zhang Hong Liang , He Bo , Sha Jing Hua
Published: December 2013

Based on concepts and characteristics of sanzi, this paper clarified the logic relationship among sanzi, and it pointed out that mineral resources have both characteristics of nature and society, and that assets-lized control is caused by scarcity of resources; and this paper argued that old concept of mineral resources should be transformed, and the assets nature of resources-assets and associated social resources be admitted; it also argued that sanzi integration management should not be limited to resources management, but be broadened into mining industry management; it at last explained that mining enterprises should be the carrier of sanzi integration operation. Therefore, based on analytical framework created from basic theories of economics and management, the logic relationship among sanzi can be deduced and described as game relationship among government, enterprises, communities, and other interest related parties in mining industry.
Influence of Flotation Reagents on Utilization of Complex and Refractory Lead Oxide Ores
Authors: Feng Qi Cheng , Wen Shu Ming , Xian Yong Jun , Wang Yi Jie , Zhao Wen Juan
Published: December 2013

The study aimed to explore appropriate flotation reagents to utilize lead minerals from complex and refractory lead oxide ores in Yunnan. Based on the research on the properties of the material, the reagent regime was investigated and a technological flowsheet consisting of one roughing flotation, two scavenging flotation and two concentrate flotation was adopted to perform the closed circuit flotation experiment. The optimum regulator of flotation experiment was determined as sodium silicate, sulfidizing agent as Na2S and collector as isoamyl xanthogenate. Under such a condition of reagent types and their appropriate reagent dosages, a lead recovery of 76.55% with a concentrate grade of 58.67% was obtained, which effectively improved utilization of lead resource.
Surface Modification Effects of Microorganism from Lignite on Fine Coal
Authors: Chen Yu , Wang Li Yan , Zhu Shu Quan
Published: December 2013

One of the important directions of the research on coal washing is developing the non-toxic reagents with strong force and high selectivity. Compared with model strains, yeast designated Y21 as surface modifier for fine coal was isolated from lignite by traditional microorganism separation. Colony morphology, physiological and biochemical characteristics and some molecular sequence fragments show that the strain Y21 was Rhodotorula mucilaginosa. Through zeta-potential measurements and contact angle changes of coal samples caused by strain Y21, it was shown that strain Y21 can be selectively adhered onto the fine coal surface through the electrostatic interactions and the hydrophobic interactions. These observations lead to the conclusion that the adhesion of the yeast onto the coal surface could change zeta potential and the contact angle of coal particles. For both coal samples, the contact angle was sharply increased respectively in the pH range 3-4 and 2-4 as a result of Y21 strain adsorption. This indicates that as a result Y21 strain adsorption the coal surfaces have become more hydrophobic. These results indicated that the modified flotation and flocculation rate of fine coal particles were improved using the strain Y21 through changing the surface characteristics of coal.
Investigation of a Gas-Solid Fluidized Bed for Lump Coal Separation
Authors: Zhao Xiao Nan , Wei Lu Bin , Fu Yu , Zhang Mo Han , Wang Yi Yao
Published: December 2013

The influences of operating parameters (bed height, air flow rate, and separation time) on the separation effect for lump coal were experimentally studied. The results show that shallow bed takes less time to reach steady separation state comparing with the deep bed. Increasing separation time at low air flow rate and decreasing separation time at high air flow rate could improve the separation effect. Separation effect could get the optimal under the condensation of bed height at 90mm, air flow rate at 8m3/h and separation time at 60s.
Research on Properties and Flotation Feasibility of a Silver Ore Associated with Copper in Yunnan
Authors: Wang Yi Jie , Wen Shu Ming , Liu Dian Wen , Liu Dan
Published: December 2013

Properties of the ore were studied by chemical analysis, X-ray diffraction analysis and optical microscopy analysis. Research results show that the ore contains 479.5 g/t of silver and 0.54% of copper. Silver minerals are mainly argentite, copper minerals are mainly chalcopyrite and digenite, and gangue minerals are mainly quartz and dolomite. Based on the properties of the ore, flotation feasibility study was conducted. Results show that concentrate with excellent test indexes that a Ag grade of 4787.31 g/t with a Ag recovery of 87.97% and a Cu grade of 6.01% with a Cu recovery of 87.92% were obtained under the used process and reagent system conditions.
Synergistic Effect in the Flotation and Extraction of Minerals
Authors: Li Yan Jun , Xiong Fei , Lan Yao Zhong
Published: December 2013

Single flotation collector can not effectively extract the various valuable minerals from the complex ores simultaneously. Combined use of many collectors is one of the best ways to solve the problem, because the synergistic effect induced by the multifunctional composite chemical reagents will exert positive effect to the flotation and increase the recovery. The synergy is related with the reagent types, characteristics, and component contents in the mixture, and it is critical to choose and design the combination of various reagents. The maximal effect from synergy can be obtained easily by confecting the blended reagents. So the use of mixed collectors on the flotation of minerals has both benefits of reducing the costs and increasing the flotation efficiency.
Adsorption Properties of Silver Ions on Thiourea-Formaldehyde Resin
Authors: Hao Zhi Xian , Guo Yu Qing , Wu Peng Fei , Mansur Mulati , Zhu Jun Fu
Published: December 2013

Adsorption of silver ions by Thiourea (T) and Formaldehyde (F) resins in aqueous solution was investigated, where the TF resins were prepared by a one-step reaction catalyzed with acid or by a two-step one with base and acid, respectively. Effects of the reaction factors, such as the synthesis method, the monomer molar ratio and the amount of acid, on the TF resin adsorption performance were examined. According to Langmuir monolayer adsorption theory, experiments and theoretical calculations were designed to acquire the maximum adsorption capacity of silver ions.
The Research on the Depositional Systems Types and Characteristics of Sublacustrine Fan Deposits in the Second Member of Dongying Formation, Liaodong Bay
Authors: Hu Zhen , Liu Jing Yan , Xia Shi Qiang , Chang Yan Yan
Published: December 2013

Integrated employment of wireline logging and seismic data, turbidite fan types and distribution characteristics were analyzed in the Paleogene strata of the second Member of Dongying Formaiton. The results showed that: the study area developed many types of turbidite fan, including the slump turbidite fans, deepwater turbidite fan, steep nearshore turbidite fan, far shore slope turbidite fan, etc. There are significant differences in the developmental environment, sedimentary characteristics, the main factors and so on. The differences in delta size, provenance, ancient terrain and triggering mechanism affect the development of different turbidite fan deposits. By identifying wireline logs stacking patterns, the external geometry and internal reflection structure of seismic events, the types of lacustrine fan identification modes were determined. And also with three-dimensional seismic attribute analysis techniques for predicting sublacustrine fan and determining the plane distribution, it provide basic geological evidence for lacustrine fan hydrocarbon reservoir exploration.
The Numerical Simulation of the Pressure Buildup Process of Cavity Completion for CBM Wells
Authors: Wu Di , Liu Yang , You Xing Long
Published: December 2013

A numerical model is established to simulate gas injection with high pressure for CBM cave completion. The model is used with the discrete element simulation software UDEC and considers two kinds of fracture morphology exiting in coal bed face cleat and butt cleat. The effective stress of coal matrix, fluid pressure and vector distribution of calculation nodal displacement under the influence of crustal stress is studied as bottom-hole pressure increases. Results show that the model considering cleat system can simulate reservoir fluid migration and matrix deformation more accurately in the process of pressure buildup of cavity completion; the different fluid velocities caused by different directions of face cleat and butt cleat will induce shear fractures for coal bed; the development of coal reservoir extensional fractures can be known by calculating the vector distribution of nodal displacement; the anisotropic formation stresses will make the break and collapse of coal bed more easily.
Study on the Optimal Design Methodology of Fracture Spacing in Low-Permeability Reservoir Horizontal Well
Authors: Zhang Guo Cheng , Liu Yang , Zhang Zhao Hui
Published: December 2013

Threshold pressure gradient for extra-low permeability reservoir is studied experimentally. A production model is established which couples wellbore pipe flow, fracture linear flow and reservoir non-Darcy flow. The influence of bottom-hole pressure and reservoir permeability on threshold distance is performed based on the model. A fracture spacing design method is provided for different bottom-hole pressure and reservoir permeability. Results show that threshold pressure gradient increases considerably as permeability decreases when permeability is below 0.02 mD; threshold pressure gradient is relatively lower when permeability is greater than 0.1 mD; threshold pressure gradient decreases gradually and flattens when permeability lies between 0.02 mD and 0.1 mD. Simulated threshold pressure gradient of formation water is as one-third as that of crude oil. While permeability is between 0.01-0.05 mD, 0.05-0.1 mD, 0.1-0.5 mD and 0.5-1.0 mD, the optimal fracture spacing is about 9 m, 16 m; 36 m and 50 m.
Numerical Simulation of Large-Diameter Annular Pressure Loss in Riser Segment of Deep-Water Drilling
Authors: Liu Yang , Zhang Guo Cheng
Published: December 2013

Large-diameter annulus and conventional annulus are very different in hydraulic property. Based on numerical simulation, a study on pressure loss of large-diameter annulus was carried out. The influence of annular velocity, pipes rotation speed, mud property and annular diameter of marine riser segment on pressure loss was also analyzed and compared with that of conventional segment. The results show that under the condition of large-diameter annulus, the pressure loss of power law fluid laminar flow decreases with the increase of the rotational speed of drill pipe and the contrary tendency occurred when it is turbulent flow. With the increase of the flow behavior index and consistency coefficient, annular pressure loss increases exponentially and linearly respectively. From an overall perspective, with the increase of annular size, the annular pressure loss sharply reduced, and it has great effect on pressure loss.
The Experimental Study on the Changes of Polymer Solution`s Rheological Property in Immediate Vicinity of Wellbore
Authors: Chen Tao Ping , Liu Jin Gun , Li Qiang
Published: December 2013

In order to study the near wellbore area of perforated well and after adsorption detention flow variation of rheological property of polymer solution , artificial physics and artificial cylindrical core model 1:10 are used to do experiments. Results indicate that natural degradation processes of polymer solutions, it is plummeting rapidly within 20 day, then reach stability. Near bore the constant speed when the polymer injection and a variable speed injection, the decreasing amplitude of apparent viscosity caused by the shear factor is approximately 22.5%. In the process of adsorption and detain, injecting 0.8pv polymer, model began to produce polymer. About injecting 2.6pv , adsorption and detain reach stability.
Study of the Formation and Influence Factors of Silica Scale in ASP Flooding
Authors: Liu Yi Kun , Tang Hui Min , Wang Yong Ping , Liu Yang , Zhao Xin Yuan
Published: December 2013

ASP Flooding has a better displacement efficiency, but there is still a serious problem of wells scaling. Researched on formation mechanism and influence factors of silica scale in ASP flooding with alkali, the formation of silica scale is mainly due to the alkali dissolution reaction of reservoir rock to produce the soluble silicon ions and form silica scale in formation conditions. Laboratory experiments simulated formation mineralization aqueous solution, analyzed the morphology of silica scale by scanning electron microscopy, and studied the role played by calcium, magnesium, aluminum ion, polyacrylamide, surfactant. The experimental results show that: calcium, magnesium, aluminum ions, polyacrylamide, and surfactant can promote the formation of silica scale, and the morphology characteristics of silica scale are different.
The Main Problems Existing in the Exploitation of Coalbed Methane
Authors: Zhang Cheng Xiu , Ma Xiao Hong , Wang Tao , Zhan Qiu Hui
Published: December 2013

Coalbed methane is one of the important unconventional energy, due to its characteristics determined there must be taken effective fracturing modification measure to get industrial gas flow, this paper analyzes the damage mechanism of fracturing fluid, the selection of additives in fracturing fluid and the methods of enhancing coalbed methane, and puts forward some corresponding suggestions to improve the recovery of CBM wells supporting a certain practical significance.
Analysis of Complex Drilling Accidents in Silurian System of Shuntuoguole Block
Authors: Wen Hang , Chen Mian , Dong Jing Nan
Published: December 2013

There are 10 wells located in the Shun 9 well field in Silurian system of Shuntuoguole block, 7 of them were drilled wells. The statistics of complex drilling accidents indicated that tight pull, sticking of drill tools, pump blocked and mud loss were major types of drilling accidents in building section of horizontal wells. Specially. The high drill resistance of the formation caused low penetration rate and frequently bits replacing. As a consequence, the exploration rate in this area was severely restrained. We proposed the following three technical research directions: anti-collapse technology research, long-reach horizontal well drilling technology research and countermeasures of enhancing drilling speed segment by segment along the well.
Propagation Mechanism Study of Hydraulic Fracture in Low Permeability Glutenite Reservoir
Authors: Wu Ya Hong , Sun Qian Qian , Liu Qing Hua , Zhang Chong , Cao Nai
Published: December 2013

The frequency of fracturing practice in glutenite reservoir has increased gradually with the progress of exploration and development technology. Glutenite, which has properties like fast transformation in phase, great change in lithology, permeability and dip angle, irregular fracture face, disturbed flow phenomenon, severity in heterogeneity and complex pressure system,explains the low efficiency and success rate of hydraulic fracture's utilization in glutenite reservoir exploration and development. This paper features the glutenite reservoir in Songnan area, using PT software, with data of artificial fracture monitoring and well temperature etc. combined, to deal with construction curve, further explores the artificial fracture propagation mechanism. What's more, effect of in-situ stress on fracture propagation mechanism is determined and the fracturing technical measures in glutenite reservoir is also proposed with acoustic emission Kaiser experiment, both of which can effectively channel fracturing well and layer selection and design optimization, improve efficiency and success rate of hydraulic fracturing.