bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Study of cardiac involvement in liver cirrhosis patients
Authors: V. Manjunath F. , G. K. Ranjith Kumar , S. Parameshwar , S. Nagabhushana
Published: June 2021

Background: Cirrhosis liver is characterized by diffuse destruction and regeneration of hepatic parenchymal cells. Various studies have been carried out over the years to evaluate the cardiac and hemodynamic changes in cirrhosis of the liver.Methods: Study is conducted on 50 consecutive patients with cirrhosis liver admitted in various medical wards of the Mc Gann Hospital attached to Shimoga institute of medical sciences, Shimoga from January, 2020 to September 2020. Detailed history was taken and a through physical examination was done. Blood investigations are done. Echocardiography, Chest radiography done. All patients were subjected to USG abdomen to confirm the diagnosis of cirrhosis.Results: There were 35 males and 15 females. Average age is 54±6.6 years. Alcoholism (64%) and idiopathic (16%) are commonest associations. Commonest symptom is anaemia (88%) followed by pedal oedema (80%) followed by fatigue (66%), ascites (60%) and jaundice (60%). Pleural effusion seen in 38%, diastolic dysfunction 32%, pericardial effusion 16%, wall motion abnormality in 11%. Hypertension, arrhythmias and LVF is seen in 8%. Cardiomyopathy in 6%. ECG changes are Hemiblock in 4 (8%), QTc prolongation in 34%. LVH in 12%, Low voltage complex are seen in 24%. cardiomegaly seen in 20%.Conclusions: Study shows that, there was significant incidence of subclinical cardiac abnormalities observed in chronic liver disease patients which increase with duration of illness. Early detection of subclinical cardiac changes is important to reduce morbidity and mortality in chronic liver disease patients.
A systematic review of immune pathogenesis of SARS-COV-2 infection
Authors: Srikumar Shabarini , Perumal Shridharan
Published: June 2021

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) was declared a pandemic by the world health organization on March 11, 2020. The host immune response to SARS-CoV-2 appears to play a critical role in disease pathogenesis and clinical manifestations. SARS-CoV-2 causes direct activation of anti-viral immune responses and leads to the release of uncontrolled inflammatory mediators. These SARS-CoV-2-induced immune responses may lead to various other abnormalities like lymphopenia, thrombocytopenia and granulocyte and monocyte dysfunction, making the patient more prone to secondary infections by microorganisms, which may result in further further serious complications like septic shock, severe multiple organ dysfunction and eventually death. Therefore, mechanisms underlying immune abnormalities in patients with COVID-19 disease must be elucidated to guide clinical management of the disease. Rational management in combating the disease includes enhancing anti-viral immunity and inhibiting systemic inflammation, which is key to successful treatment.
Primary hydatid cyst of the psoas adherent to the aortoiliac axis: a real therapeutic challenge
Authors: Rahali Anwar , Mssrouri Rahal , Baiss Marouane , Mansouri Abderrahmane , Mohamed Hamid , Mdaghri Jalil , Lahlou Khalid , Benamr Said , Settaf Abdellatif
Published: June 2021

Hydatidosis of the psoas is an unusual entity even in countries endemic to hydatid disease. We reported a rare case of hydatid cyst of psoas in a 54 year old man without pathological history. The atypical clinical presentation and the uncharacterizable radiology have demonstrated the essential role of surgery and histological analysis in the management of this type of lesion. The patient underwent a resection of the protruding dome with drainage of the residual cavity  because of the anatomical relationships of this hydatid cyst. Through this case and literature review, we aimed to discuss the diagnostic means, the natural course of the disease, the differential diagnoses as well as the therapeutic options for a hydatid cyst of the psoas.
Post-COVID rhinocerebral mucormycosis: an otolaryngologists nightmare
Authors: Joshi Samir V. , Dubey Nimita , Havaldar Rajesh R. , Wakhlu Amish
Published: June 2021

Background: Rhinocerebral mucormycosis which was considered to be a rare occurrence in the pre-COVID era is currently emerging as a life-threatening disease with seemingly poor prognosis in post COVID recovered patients. Prompt diagnosis with urgent surgical and medical management is vital to a positive outcome.

Methods: A retrospective observational study and analysis was done among patients of biopsy proven mucormycosis with preceding history of COVID 19 disease between March 2021 to April 2021 in a tertiary care state run hospital at Pune coinciding with the sudden surge and second COVID 19 wave.

Results: 20 0ut of 23 patients were having a history of type 2 diabetes mellitus for a mean duration of 4±3.5 years. The most common presenting complaint was unilateral facial swelling, periorbital pain, swelling and oedema in 18 out of 23 patients. All patients had COVID infection within the last one month of presentation with mean duration of 18±8.4 days. Out of 23 patients 16 survived while 19 patients had permanent vision loss and ophthalmoplegia.

Conclusions: Establishing the possibility of invasive secondary fungal infections in patients with history of COVID-19 infection especially in patients with pre-existing risk factors should raise high index of suspicion. Prompt early diagnosis and treatment should be started to reduce morbidity and mortality.
Oronasal syphilis: a forgotten disease?
Authors: Basti Shriya Pramod , Bhat Vikram Kemmannu , Chacko Tesmi
Published: June 2021

Syphilis is a multistage disease that is usually transmitted through sexual contact or mother-infant transmission route. The incidence of oronasal syphilis has significantly decreased with the advent of penicillin therapy. However, it continues to exist, even though almost forgotten by the clinician. In this paper, we report one such case of a rare presentation of tertiary oronasal syphilis. A high index of suspicion is required to avoid missing the diagnosis of this masquerader.
A rare presentation of systemic complication of hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy in post cochlear implant child
Authors: Sachdeva Kavita , Saji Tinnu Anna
Published: June 2021

Cochlear implant is a small, complex electronic device to restore some hearing in profoundly deaf or severely hard-of hearing people when organ of corti is not developed or destroyed by injury to such an extent that no hearing can be obtained by hearing aids. Many classifications have been proposed for cochlear implant related problems .We report a case of post cochlear implant child who reported to OPD with complaint of progressive weakness of both upper and lower limb which developed 1 year after surgery ,which parents attributed it as a complication of surgery. On retrospective analysis all patient preop investigations were normal. After detailed examination of the child, neurophysician concluded that child is suffering from global developmental delay with dystonic cerebral palsy. MRI brain and cochlea which was done before the surgery which showed T1 hypointense,T2 and FLAIR hyperintense ,bilateral symmetrical foci with high ADC values are seen in bilateral lentiform nuclei .It has been reported that the bithalamic hyperdensities on CT and/or MRI in severely asphyxiated neonates, were suggested of a distinctive pattern of brain injury which might be useful as an early predictor of status marmoratus,afrequent pathological correlate of dyskinetic cerebral palsy. Approximately 1% of infants who survived perinatal asphyxial HIE would develop delayed-onset dystonia in the course of 7 to 13 years (median 10 years) after birth.
Radiological outcomes of AO type B and C distal radius fractures managed with 2.7 mm volar locking plate fixation in geriatric population: a retrospective analysis
Authors: Hanumanthappa Prakashappa Thamalehally , B. S. Bharath Raja , Marichamy Muthu Kishore
Published: June 2021

Background: Distal end radius fractures are one of the most common fractures. Compared to younger patients, elderly with distal radius fractures with osteoporosis and higher comminution compromise the treatment outcomes. Anatomic reduction with stable fixation is usually the choice of treatment for displaced intra-articular fractures. While osteoporosis and poor bone quality hamper fracture stabilization, locking compression plates (LCPs) provide enhanced stability and axial loading force as compared to conventional plates. The current study retrospectively analysed the postoperative radiological outcomes in a 2.7 mm volar LCP system used for internal stabilisation of intra articular distal radius fractures.

Methods: A retrospective study was conducted in the Sanjay Gandhi institute of trauma and orthopaedics, Bangalore from June 2018 to July 2020. All Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Osteosynthesefragen (AO) type B and C distal radius fractures of patients aged 60 and above who underwent 2.7 mm volar locking plate fixation during that time period were analysed with X-rays at immediate post-operative, six weeks and three months. The radiological outcome was scored based on Sarmiento’s modification of Lindstorm criteria.

Results: The mean immediate post-operative radial shortening, decrease in radial deviation and loss of palmar tilt were 3.80±1.03, 4.38±1.05 and 3.97±1.02, respectively. The corresponding values at last follow up were 4.31±1.12, 6.19±1.02 and 4.76±0.99, respectively. No statistically significant difference (p=0.949; p=1.0; p=0.996) in radial shortening, loss of radial deviation and decrease in palmar angulation was seen till the final follow up. Sarmiento’s modification of Lindstorm criteria showed a good radiological outcome in 80% and excellent in 20%.

Conclusions: Use of 2.7 mm volar LCP showed good to excellent post-operative radiological outcomes in geriatric population. The fracture reduction achieved in the immediate post-operative period is maintained throughout the follow up duration without any significant change.
A comparative study between dynamic hip screw and intramedullary nail fixation in trochanteric fractures
Authors: Kumar Krishan , Chhabra Anurag , Kumar Ashok , Jain Sourabh , Berwal Ankush
Published: June 2021

Background: The trochanteric fractures are one of the commonest fractures in elderly population. Incidence of these fractures is increasing due to better life expectancy, growing number of population, industrialization and the road traffic accidents. Variety of implants are available but still there is no consensus for single implant.

Methods: A prospective randomized control study was conducted on total 60 patients of intertrochanteric fractures which were randomized into 2 groups of 30 each, treated with dynamic hip screw (DHS) and proximal femoral nail (PFN). All the patients were followed up for a maximum of 6 months. Outcomes were reviewed and compared such as mode of injury, complications, functional and radiological outcomes.

Results: There was no significant difference between two groups of patients as regards to mean age and sex. The mode of injury by slip and fall was main cause. The most common type of fracture as per AO-orthopaedic trauma association (OTA) classification was 31-A2 (65%) and 31-A3 (5%) being the least common type. Mean surgical time of DHS group and PFN group was 125.17 minutes and 89.93 minutes respectively. Mean blood loss in DHS group and PFN group was 251.67 ml and 158.67 ml respectively. Mean radiological union time of fracture in DHS group and PFN group was 12.3 and 9.5weeks respectively. Mean Harris hip score at six month in DHS group and PFN group was 80.77 and 85.47 respectively.

Conclusions: We conclude that though both the implants can achieve comparable union rates but PFN are better than DHS as of better Harris hip score, shorter surgical time and less intra operative blood loss.
Functional outcome of arthroscopic meniscal repair in meniscal tears: a prospective study in tertiary care hospital in North India
Authors: Singh Simran Preet , Singh Manish , Singh Pankaj Vir , Singh Sumitpal , Arif Mudasir
Published: June 2021

Background: A Meniscal injury can result in intra articular damage and which can eventually result in osteoarthritis if not treated on time and the objective should be to save the meniscus wherever possible. This study was done to analyse the functional outcome of arthroscopic meniscal repair done in different types of Meniscal tears.

Methods: The study was conducted on a group of 28 patients with meniscal injury admitted in government medical college Jammu from November 2018 to October 2020. All the tears were located in the red-red and red-white zones. The functional outcome was assessed on the basis of Lysholm Tegner scoring. A standard rehabilitation protocol was followed post repair.

Results: Twenty-eight patients were included in the study. Male patients outnumbered the females and the incidence of injury was more on the right side. Sports injuries were the most common mode of injury, followed by road traffic accidents and falls. Bucket handle tears were most commonly seen in the group of patients. ACL injury was the major associated injury to be noted. The functional outcome between pre and post operation was statistically significant (p<0.05). In one of the patient failures was seen. Two patients were lost to follow up and were not included in the study.

Conclusions: Arthroscopic meniscal repair is a has a very good functional outcome according to our study and should be preferred over meniscectomy (subtotal or total), as meniscus being a very important shock absorber present between the knee joint can lead to delay in osteoarthritis of knee joint. Therefore, our priority should be to save the meniscus and restore the normal anatomy of the knee joint for its biomechanical stability and normal function.
Análisis de conectividad vial en los países de la Región Andina
Authors: Astudillo Estévez Pablo A.
Published: June 2021

Se generó una herramienta computacional, basada en análisis de big data y ciencia de redes, la cual permite el análisis de la conectividad vial de los países de la región andina (Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, Perú y Bolivia). Su objetivo final es facilitar la ubicación de áreas geográficas prioritarias en las cuales se pueda focalizar la inversión en infraestructura. Esta herramienta permite identificar de manera interactiva los patrones de movilidad entre ciudades, el potencial de transporte de las vías, la relevancia de las urbes para la conectividad vial nacional y los hubs geográficos y de desarrollo.
Improvement of Language Understanding using Sentence Identification Methods in Mathematics Subject of Story Matter in 4th Grade MI
Authors: Minarni Lilik
Published: June 2021

This aims of study is to improve the understanding of language by identifying the main sentence in mathematics subject especially in the story matter. The methods of this research is class room action reseach by doing two cycles proccess.  The collecting data method was obtained by observation, test, and documentation.  Data analysis proccess was done by using an interactive model consisting of four components of analysis including data colection, selection, presentation, and conclusion.Based on the results, sentences identification learning method can be increased language understanding to solve the problem of story matter in mathematic subject in 4th grade in MI. Thus, it could be concluded that in mathematics learning by using sentences identification methods can be used to increase MI student ability to solve the story of matter. By the methods, the students will be easy to understand the sentences, so thet can finish and solve the test, and also they can made their sentences on their mind.
A Cross-Sectional Study of Comparative Coronary Angiographic Profile of Successful and Failed Thrombolysis with Tenecteplase Conducted at Osmania General Hospital, Hyderabad
Authors: Parvathareddy Krishna Malakondareddy , Ravi Srinivas , Kolli Jagadeesh Reddy , Bharadwaj Chethan
Published: June 2021

BACKGROUND Acute Myocardial Infarction (AMI) can lead to death, and thrombolytic therapy (TLT) is a common treatment protocol. However, thrombolysis is not always successful, and there are numerous contributing factors. We wanted to compare and contrast the coronary angiographic profile of patients with successful and failed thrombolysis with tenecteplase. METHODS Cases of AMI receiving tenecteplase were categorized as successful and failed thrombolysis groups. Fifty patients in each group were compared for various characteristics such as age, sex, risk factors, time to thrombolysis, LV function, number of coronary vessels involved, angiographic lesion characteristics, thrombolysis in myocardial infarction (TIMI) flow, and to look for features that may predispose to thrombolysis failure. To determine the association between variables, chi-square test and logistic regression were used. RESULTS The mean age in the successful & failed thrombolysis group was 50.72 years and 53.48 years. Gender, diabetes, hypertension, smoking, alcohol, type of MI were not statistically significant for failed thrombolysis. All patients with window period < 3 hrs had successful thrombolysis and most patients with window period > 6 hrs had failed thrombolysis (87.2 %). (P < 0.001). Most patients (75.9 %) with Type A lesions had successful thrombolysis and patients with Type B & C lesions (88.1 %) had failed thrombolysis. (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS In patients with longer window periods, failed thrombolysis was more common and was associated with complex coronary lesion morphology. This study reemphasizes the value of early thrombolysis for effective reperfusion and clinical outcome improvement. KEYWORDS Failed Thrombolysis, Tenecteplase, Angiographic Profile
Катамнез больных за 5 лет наблюдения выписных из стационара после органосохраняющих операций по поводу перитонита (метропластики)
Authors: Дабузов А.Ш. , Омаров Н.С.-М. , Магомедова П.А. , Атавова Н.К. , Омарова П.М.
Published: June 2021

В настоящее время инфекции стоят на четверном месте в структуре материнской смертности и составляют 11,5%, а в развивающихся странах и попрежнему занимает одно из ведущих мест, несмотря на значительный прогресс в профилактике и лечении гнойно-септических осложнений в акушерстве. В России материнская смертность, связанная с гнойно-септическими осложнениями в послеродовом периоде и в том числе после кесарево сечения, достигает 3,4% (1). В структуре воспалительных заболеваний женских половых органов особое место занимает гнойно-воспалительные процессы придатков матки и тазовой брюшины, которые характеризуются длительным, прогрессирующим течением, склонных к рецидивам, высокой частотой полиорганных осложнений, являющихся основной причиной инвалидизации и гибели женщин (2).
Изучение элементов технологии возделывания проса в условиях Республики Мордовия
Authors: Иванова Н.Н. , Иванов Д.И. , Родионова А.С.
Published: June 2021

Технология выращивания проса требует, чтобы обработка почвы под него соответствовала требованиями зональной системы земледелия, подбор для хозяйств наиболее продуктивных и адаптированных к условиям республики сортов, рациональное размещение культуры в севообороте, оптимизация режимов минерального и водного питания растений при строгом и регламентированном выполнении приемов агротехники и защиты растений от болезней, вредителей и сорняков, выбор эффективных приемов уборки, послеуборочной обработки и хранения продукции.
Влияние гербицидов и минеральных удобрений на биологическую активность почвы в условиях лесостепной зоны РСО – Алания
Authors: Тавказахов С.А. , Абаев А.А. , Тедеева В.В.
Published: June 2021

Выявлено действие различных гербицидов (ранее не изучавшихся в РСОАлания) и доз минеральных удобрений на общую биологическую активность почвы. Известно, что от активности и направленности биологических процессов, протекающих в почве, зависит скорость трансформации различных соединений, разложение растительных остатков, накопление элементов питания и в конечном итоге плодородие почвы. Важным показателем биологической активности почв является интенсивность разложения целлюлозы (клетчатки). Клетчатка - одно из самых распространенных органических соединений. Она разрушается специфической микрофлорой: бактериями, актиномицетами и микроскопическими грибами, но особенно важную роль играют аэробные микроорганизмы [1,3].
Анализ способов обработки почвы и ее плодородие на Кубани
Authors: Колесниченко Т.В.
Published: June 2021

В статье рассматриваются существующие способы обработки почвы в Кубанском регионе, их особенности и преимущества. Новые технологии, используемые в земледелии, направленные на повышение и сохранение плодородия почвы.
Валерий Старожилов: необходимо принять к реализации новую ландшафтную стратегию к пространственному развитию геосистемы континент-мировой океан
Authors: Старожилов В.Т.
Published: June 2021

В работе рассматривается разработанная и сформулированная новая ландшафтная стратегия к пространственному развитию геосистемы континент-Мировой океан. Она одна из моделей, разработанных в Тихоокеанском международном ландшафтном центре ШЕН ДВФУ ландшафтной школой профессора В.Т. Старожилова (doi:10.24411/1728-323Х-2020-13079, doi:10.18411/lj-05-2020-26), общей Дальневосточной ландшафтной парадигмы и Дальневосточной ландшафтной парадигмы индикации и планирования (doi:10.18411/lj-05-2020-26), разработок по картографическому оцифрованному ландшафтному обеспечению индикации, планирования и геоэкологического мониторинга юга Тихоокеанского ландшафтного пояса России (doi:10.18411/lj-05-2020-27), новых стратегии и методологии картографирования (doi.org/10.24412/1816-1863-2020-4-76-83), выделения ландшафтной структуры Тихоокеанского ландшафтного пояса (doi:10.18411/a-2017-089, https://doi.org/10.18411/a-2017-089). При этом под ландшафтной стратегией понимается формирование опорного ландшафтного «фундамента» пространственной организации, обеспечивающей достижение заявленных целей пространственного развития с опорными узловыми ландшафтными структурами освоения ((DOI: 24411/1816-1863-2018-12072)), выступающих источником изменений и размещения конкурентноспособных технологий и фирм. Формулируется, что именно ландшафтный пояс, включающий Сихотэ-Алинскую, Нижнеамурскую, Камчатско-Курильскую, Сахалинскую и другие ландшафтные области и сопряженные с ними окраинные моря представляет собой планетарную структурную ландшафтную основу пространственного развития территорий. Также констатируется, что основой стратегии его пространственного развития является концепция ландшафтных узловых структур освоения (DOI: 24411/1816-1863-2018-12072). Базовые модели ландшафтных узловых структур освоения в конечном варианте определяют узловые ландшафтные округа, провинции, области принятия новых технологий, фирм. Моделирование проводится с применением цифровых векторно-слоевых технологий, что в свою очередь создаёт платформу для разработки новых передовых планов и проектов освоения. Он также является платформой для обучения студентов. Приводятся данные о картографической обеспеченности стратегии современными векторно-слоевыми цифровыми материалами.
Районирование орогенных ландшафтных областей тихоокеанского ландшафтного пояса России
Authors: Старожилов В.Т.
Published: June 2021

Работа представляет собой продолжение комплексных исследований в целом сформировавшейся ландшафтной школы профессора В.Т. Старожилова (doi:10.24411/1728-323Х-2020-13079, doi:10.18411/lj-05-2020-26). Рассматриваются районирование ландшафтных областей Тихоокеанского ландшафтного пояса России (doi: 10.18411/lj-01-2021-32), включающего Сихотэ-Алинскую, Нижнеамурскую, Камчатско-Курильскую, Сахалинскую и другие ландшафтные области и сопряженные с ними окраинные моря. Констатируется, что на основе применения ландшафтной методологии, на основе сопряженного анализа и синтеза межкомпонентных и межландшафтных связей с учетом окраинно-континентальной дихотомии и данных по орогеническому, орографическому, климатическому и фиторастительному факторам формирования географически единых территорий в рамках горного ландшафтоведения, проведено районирование ландшафтных областей и выделены горные и равнинные провинции. В Сихотэ-Алинской области - Самаргинская, Северо-Сихотэ-Алинская, Восточно-Сихотэ-Алинская, Центрально-Сихотэ-Алинская, Западно-Сихотэ-Алинская, Западно-Приморская равнина, Восточно-Маньчжурская, Южно-Приморская; в Сахалинской - Восточно-Сахалинская, Западно-Сахалинская, Центрально-Сахалинская и Северо-Сахалинская; в Камчатско – Курильской - Западно-Камчатская, СрединноКамчатская, Центрально-Камчатская, Восточно-Камчатская провинции. Обособляются внутри ландшафтных областей, включают ландшафты подклассов и родов, определяемые высотностью, типами растительности, рельефом и вещественными комплексами фундамента - четырьмя ведущими факторам: орогеническому, орографическому, климатическому и фиторастительному. Они является одной из базовых моделей «фундаментом» для построения гармонизированных с природой и связанных с океаном экологических, сельскохозяйственных и других отраслевых моделей освоения, в целом пространственного развития областей и их провинций. Отмечается, что при исследовании применялись компьютерные технологии векторнослоевого ландшафтного метода, которые в свою очередь создают платформу для разработки планов и проектов освоения. Они также является платформой для обучения студентов. Приводятся данные о картографической обеспеченности современными векторно-слоевыми цифровыми материалами.
Особенности работы соединений деревянных конструкций на вклеенных стержнях в условиях отрицательных температур
Authors: Крестьянинова В.Ф.
Published: June 2021

В статье проводится анализ отечественных исследований в области влияния экстремальных температурно-влажностных условий на прочность цельной и клееной древесины с составлением зависимостей названных параметров. Раскрыто явление хладноломкости в металлических стержнях: его причины и работа металла при низких отрицательных температурах. Приведен анализ воздействия отрицательной температуры и комбинаций влажности материала на характер разрушения клеевого соединения металла и древесины, в частности рассматриваются соединения деревянных конструкций на вклеенных стержнях. Рассмотрены методы повышения прочности, надежности и долговечности вклеенных стержней в условиях отрицательных температур.
The Importance of Central Pattern Generator in Simulation of Human Gait
Authors: Nowshiravan Rahatabad Fereidoun , Maleki Monireh
Published: June 2021

The article's abstract is not available.
Radiographers’ Knowledge Versus Practice about Methods of Attracting Pediatric Corporation in Medical Imaging Departments
Authors: Pak Farideh , Estaji Mohadese , Rezaei Behnaz , Vaezzadeh Vahid
Published: June 2021

Purpose: The goal of this study was to evaluate radiographers’ knowledge and practice on different methods for attracting pediatrics’ cooperation in medical imaging departments for achieving high-quality images without repetition and minimum absorbed dose.
Materials and Methods: For conducting this descriptive-analytical study, a researcher-made questionnaire, including two parts of radiographer knowledge and practical methods, which were applied as a routine in the departments for reduction of pediatrics’ stress, was distributed between radiographers.
Results: The results revealed that verbal justification was declared as the most efficient way of informing the parents as compared to the other methods. Establishing verbal communication is the most practical way of engaging the child. Meanwhile, application of immobilization tools, justification of parents by the admission staff, playing music was used, respectively.
Conclusion: Considering these findings, there is a need to equip the imaging department with the appropriate facilities, perform continuous training of radiographers to increase the practice of different techniques and tools.
Accurate Quantification of Choline-to-Creatine Ratio as a Biomarker to Distinguish Osteosarcoma Patients from Normal Subjects Employing Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Imaging at 3 Tesla
Authors: Karimi Alavijeh Shaghayegh , Pashaei Fakhereh , Malek Mahrooz , Saligheh Rad Hamidreza
Published: June 2021

Purpose: This study focused on accurate quantification of a maximum of Choline-to-Creatine ratio (Max (Cho/Cr)) in 10 Osteosarcoma patients, in comparison with 5 healthy volunteers as our control group using proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Imaging (1H-MRSI).
Materials and Methods: Max (Cho/Cr) were obtained in 10 patients with Osteosarcoma over their corresponding ratio maps containing diseased tissue, to be compared with Cho/Cr in 5 healthy volunteers at 3T, employing MRSI (Performed Employing Pointed-resolved Spectroscopy (PRESS), TR/TE: 2500s /135 ms) with water-suppression. An extra unsuppressed water Single-Voxel Spectroscopy (SVS) was acquired to provide phase information for further Eddy Current Correction (ECC). Multi-stage preprocessing was applied. Subtract QUEST MRSI as a time-domain technique was employed to accurately quantify the metabolites’ ratios and to estimate the baseline.
Results: An optimal database for Subtract QUEST was achieved based on multiple trials evaluated by acceptable peak-fitting and Cramer-Rao-Bound (CRB). Lipids at frequencies of 0.94 and 1.33ppm were combined to increase the accuracy of the Lipid estimation.
Conclusion: Estimation of Max (Cho/Cr) evaluated over Cho/Cr spatial maps to distinguish Osteosarcoma patients from normal subjects suggested that the proposed quantification method leads to high power and linear classifier with a high degree of reproducibility, considering 1H-MRSI at 3T machine as a high efficacy diagnostic tool for musculoskeletal radiology.
Classification of the Children with ADHD and Healthy Children Based on the Directed Phase Transfer Entropy of EEG Signals
Authors: Ekhlasi Ali , Motie Nasrabadi Ali , Mohammadi Mohammadreza
Published: June 2021

Purpose: The present study was conducted to investigate and classify two groups of healthy children and children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) by Effective Connectivity (EC) measure. Since early detection of ADHD can make the treatment process more effective, it is important to diagnose it using new methods.  
Materials and Methods: For this purpose, Effective Connectivity Matrices (ECMs) were constructed based on Electroencephalography (EEG) signals of 61 children with ADHD and 60 healthy children of the same age. ECMs of each individual were obtained by the directed Phase Transfer Entropy (dPTE) between each pair of electrodes. ECMs were calculated in five frequency bands including, delta, theta, alpha, beta, and gamma. Based on ECM, an Effective Connectivity Vector (ECV) was constructed as a feature vector for the classification process. Furthermore, ECV of different frequency bands was pooled in one global ECV (gECV). Multilayer Artificial Neural Network (ANN) was used in the steps of classification and feature selection by the Genetic Algorithm (GA).
Results: The highest classification accuracy with the selected features of ECV was related to theta frequency band with 89.7%. After that, the delta frequency band had the highest accuracy with 89.2%. The results of ANN classification and GA on the gECV reported 89.1% of accuracy.
Conclusion: Our findings show that the dPTE measure, which determines effective connectivity between the brain regions, can be used to classify between ADHD and healthy groups. The results of the classification have improved compared to some studies that used the functional connectivity measures.
Common and Uncommon Imaging Appearances of COVID-19 Pneumonia in Young and Middle-Aged Group and Elderly Group
Authors: Mahmoudabadi Alireza , Masoumi Hamed , Keshtkar Mohammad , Azhideh Arash , Haghighatkhah Hamidreza
Published: June 2021

Purpose: In this study, we retrospectively evaluated chest Computed Tomography (CT) imaging manifestations of the patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) to simplify prompt early diagnosis of disease and speed up needed actions for infected patients.
Materials and Methods: Totally, 75 patients who laboratory confirmed COVID-19 pneumonia were enrolled in this study. CT images, demographic and some clinical data of all patients were collected and analyzed retrospectively. Furthermore, for comparison, the patients were divided into two groups as follows: the young and middle-aged group (< 60 years old) and the elderly group (≥ 60 years old).
Results: Based on the evaluation of CT images, 33 patients (44%) showed Ground-Glass Opacity (GGO), 15 patients (20%) showed consolidation, 24 patients (32%) showed mixed GGO and consolidation, 2 patients (2.6%) had bronchial wall thickening, 10 patients (13.3%) had a crazy paving sign, 35 patients (46.6%) had air bronchogram and, 7 patients (9.3%) had cavitation and 2 patients (2.6%) had a tree in the bud. CT images of 3 patients (4%) were normal. In terms of out of lung changes, lymphadenopathy was observed in one patient (1.3%), pleural effusion in 12 patients (16%), and pericardial effusion in 2 patients (2.6%). Lesions were found predominantly in the peripheral (57.3%) and the lower lung region (60%).
Conclusion: CT images of the COVID-19 patients showed various aspects, mainly GGO, consolidation, mixed GGO and consolidation, and air bronchogram. Lesion distribution was predominantly in lower lung region, bilateral and peripheral. Pleural effusion and multiple lobe involvement were significantly higher in the elderly group than that of the young and middle-aged group.
THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE PROFICIENCY AS A GLOBAL EMPLOYMENT SKILL: THE VIEWPOINT OF PAKISTANI ACADEMIA
Authors: Abbas Furrakh , Rana Abdul Majid Khan , Bashir Irfan , Bhatti Azhar Munir
Published: June 2021

Purpose of the Study: The current research aims at exploring the need of effective English skill as a global employment skill and its various reasons, as there are various Pakistani institutes which are dedicated to The English language teaching and reinforce its relationship with employability. The importance of the study being conducted in Pakistan becomes more evident as English enjoys the status of the second language in the country. Methodology: Current study uses a mixed-method research design and employs both questionnaires and interviews as research instruments. The questionnaire was administrated on a sample of 392 university students while a sample of 13 informants from university faculty participated in an interview for data collection. Main Findings: The study concludes that the importance of English was associated with increased connectivity due to globalization. The study also concludes that the importance of English for finding jobs and making a career was well-established. To conclude, it can be said that English language proficiency is amongst the top global employment skills in the viewpoint of Pakistani academia. Application of this Study: The study implicates that the importance of English for employment across the globe and a successful career will further lead to the formulation of English Specific courses for different professional and occupational groups in Pakistan. The originality of the Study: There is a scarcity of empirical evidence in terms of the importance of English as an employment skill though English is considered very important as an elite language and a status symbol. The study proposes to fill in the gap by providing empirical evidence, therefore, the research is being conducted to assess the status of English and its importance for global employment skills.
INTERPRETING RUH AS AN ECOLOGICAL SPIRITUALITY IN RELATION TO ISLAM AND JAVA MYSTICISM
Authors: Ubaidillah Ubaidillah
Published: June 2021

This research aims to explain about the acculturation of Islam and Javanese wisdom in interpreting ruh (spirit) as an ecological behavior in dealing with natural disaster and exploitative activities. The concept of spirit refers to the awareness to interpret the relationship between human and nature as a living macrocosm unit. The awareness, in Islam, is a dimension of Sufi that blends with nature, such as Javanese philosophy on the principle of the unity of nature. It employs descriptive analytical method by integrating theo-sufistic paradigm to find a turning point in the common ground between Islam and Java in preserving the nature. The analysis goes into three conclusions: 1) the concept of spirit in Islam is a representation of one’s love with nature as the manifestation of love with God in its essence; 2) Javanese beliefs and rituals in ruh as a living and valuable existence signified in mystical mythology for being haunted and sacred serves as theo-sufistic expressions of Islam and Java; 3) spirituality of the spirit generates awareness of the philosophy of Sangkan Paraning Dumadi, to live in harmony and balance between humans and nature. Penelitian ini ingin menjelaskan tentang akulturasi Islam dan kearifan Jawa dalam memaknai ruh sebagai perilaku ekologis dalam menangani kerusakan alam dan aktivitas eksploitatif. Konsep ruh yang dimaksud adalah kesadaran memaknai hubungan manusia dan alam sebagai satu kesatuan makrokosmos yang hidup. Kesadaran tersebut dalam Islam merupakan dimensi sufistik yang menyatu dengan alam sebagaimana falsafah Jawa tentang prinsip kesatuan alam. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif analitis dengan pendekatan integratif dalam paradigma teo-sufistik untuk menemukan titik balik persamaan persepsi antara Islam dan Jawa dalam memelihara alam hayati. Hasilnya,  pertama, konsep ruh dalam Islam adalah representasi dari mencintai alam sebagai manfestasi mencintai Tuhan dengan dzatnya. Kedua, keyakinan dan ritual yang dilakukan masyarakat Jawa atas ruh sebagai eksistensi yang hidup dan memberi manfaat yang mewujud dalam mitologis mistik yang disebut angker dan sakral sebagai ekspresi teo-sufistik Islam dan Jawa. Ketiga, spiritualitas ruh memberikan kesadaran dalam filosofi Jawa tentang Sangkan Paraning Dumadi sebagai makna hidup untuk dapat serasi dan seimbang antara manusia dan alam.
SYMBOLIC MEANING OF KESANDINGAN RITUAL IN PROBOLINGGO
Authors: Nurhadi Nurhadi , Faisol Faisol , Ibrahim Faisal Mahmoud Adam
Published: June 2021

Kesandingan, one of the rituals in Probolinggo, East Java, is a cultural phenomenon that mingles with religious elements of society. It is something sacred and mystical that parents do when a toddler (an infant under three years old) experiences heat illness for days, tends to be fussy, cries a lot, and cannot sleep at night. This research aims to explain the process of symbolic communication of kesandingan ritual and to understand the symbolic meaning behind the ritual. It is a descriptive-qualitative study through observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation. The data analysis uses a qualitative-naturalistic technique. The result demonstrates that the symbolic communication process of kesandingan ritual in Mentor, Sumberasih, Probolinggo, comprises seven series: burning incense, wiping incense smoke on the child's face, giving the child holy water to drink, wiping the child with floral water, preparing food, making a wish on the child's bed, and distributing food. Meanwhile, the symbolic meaning of kesandingan ritual refers to divine, social and personal dimensions. Ritual kesandingan merupakan salah satu ritual masyarakat Probolinggo Jawa Timur yang sudah menjadi fenomena budaya yang berbaur dengan unsur religi masyarakat. Ritual kesandingan merupakan sesuatu yang sakral dan mistis yang dilakukan orang tua saat anak batita (bawah tiga tahun) mengalami sakit panas berhari-hari, rewel, kerap menangis dan tidak bisa tidur terutama malam hari. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menjelaskan proses komunikasi simbolik ritual kesandingan dan memahami makna simbolik dibalik ritual tersebuat. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif-kualitatif, pengumpulan datanya melalui observasi, wawancara mendalam, dan dokumentasi. Sedangkan analisis datanya menggunakan teknik analisa data kualitatif-naturalistik. Sebagai hasilnya, diketahui bahwa proses komunikasi simbolik ritual kesandingan di desa Mentor Kecamatan Sumberasih Kabupaten Probolinggo meliputi tujuh rangkaian yaitu: membakar kemenyan, mengusap asap kemenyan ke wajah anak, memberi minuman kepada anak dengan air doa, mengusap wajah anak dengan air bunga, menyiapkan makanan, memanjatkan doa ditempat tidur anak, dan membagikan makanan. Sedangkan makna simbolik ritual kesandingan mencakup tiga dimensi, yaitu: dimensi ketuhanan, sosial, dan personal.
La Sociedad Brasileña de Educación Matemática y la Base Nacional Común Curricular
Authors: Dias Marcelo de Oliveira
Published: June 2021

La Base Nacional Común Curricular brasileña [BNCC], creada entre 2015 y 2018, está constituida por documentos curriculares determinados, cuyo proceso de construcción presentó fuertes componentes políticos y fue centro de conflictos y tensiones en el contexto educativo del país. El enfoque de ciclo de políticas, formulado por Ball, ha sido usado con frecuencia por investigadores de políticas curriculares, entre otros campos. Este enfoque es una tendencia metodológica relevante para la comprensión de procesos de reforma curricular a partir de los contextos de producción e influencia de la BNCC, así como de los paradigmas que dirigieron esa construcción y de las tensiones ideológicas producto de la participación de organismos multilaterales. Para lograr tal objetivo, este artículo presenta un análisis de las posiciones provenientes de documentos públicos y de entrevistas con un representante de la Sociedad Brasileña de Educación Matemática en momentos específicos durante el proceso de construcción del documento establecido para el aprendizaje de matemáticas en Brasil. Los análisis evidenciaron una necesidad de reflexionar sobre los modelos verticales, las voces silenciadas y los contenidos matemáticos como instrumentos de gestión y performatividad impresos en la reforma.
Sinestesia y matemáticas: un modo de vida entre representaciones
Authors: Patiño-Cuervo Daniela , Suárez María Teresa , Patiño-Cuervo Oliva
Published: June 2021

Con frecuencia y de manera involuntaria, algunas personas perciben sensaciones a partir de estímulos sensoriales no correspondientes. Esta condición se conoce como sinestesia. La investigación concentra su interés en la experiencia de una de las investigadoras como sinesteta y analiza la relación entre este rasgo cognitivo y el desempeño en el área de las matemáticas, a propósito de la sinestesia secuencia-espacio. Se procede metodológicamente desde el enfoque cualitativo, a través de la autobiografía. La codificación y análisis de datos se hicieron a través del software Atlas.ti, lo cual permitió discutir la perspectiva teórica en función de la voz del sujeto de estudio. El estudio concluye el carácter subjetivo e idiosincrásico de la sinestesia y la reconoce como un sistema de representación particular que se convierte en potencia para el aprendizaje de las matemáticas. No obstante, su aplicabilidad en la escuela depende de la flexibilidad del maestro para permitir la diferencia y lo heterogéneo del pensar y del aprender.
Repertorios interpretativos en educación ambiental de docentes de instituciones educativas en el páramo de Pisba
Authors: Pérez Walter , Montañez Nancy Paola , González Juan Camilo
Published: June 2021

En el artículo se analiza la educación ambiental en el páramo de Pisba, en primer lugar, a partir de algunas herramientas que pueden permitir a los educadores la consolidación de una cátedra de educación ambiental como la capacitación docente, una concepción amplia del ambiente, la enseñanza desde lo local hacia lo global, una postura crítica, su rol transformador, un carácter democrático-participativo, la transversalidad y la especificidad. Junto a ello, se presentan nociones paradigmáticas como las de derecho ambiental y la naturaleza como sujeto de derechos, como ejes que deben guiar la práctica educativa. En segundo lugar, se aplicó la metodología de análisis discursivo, enfocado hacia la identificación de repertorios interpretativos sobre educación ambiental de algunos docentes y directivos de municipios de la jurisdicción del páramo de Pisba. Para ello, se presenta la relación de los repertorios y de la educación ambiental a partir de las condiciones de las instituciones educativas, de los docentes, de los estudiantes y de sus familias, en una zona de riquezas naturales, explotación de recursos y conflictos ambientales, lo cual influye en la materialización de la educación ambiental y las visiones sobre el territorio y la justicia ambiental.
Pediatrični medicinski stres in travma
Authors: Škorjanc Jana , Kreft Hausmeister Ivana , Klašnja Sandra
Published: June 2021

Dogodki, povezani z različnimi boleznimi, poškodbami in kroničnimi stanji ter z njimi povezano zdravljenje in medicinske intervencije, predstavljajo najpogostejše potencialne travmatske izkušnje v otroštvu. V članku se avtorice sprašujemo o pojavu travmatskega stresa in medicinske travme pri otrocih in njihovih družinah. Pri prepoznavanju medicinske travme si lahko pomagamo s teoretičnim modelom dolgotrajne somatske grožnje, ki je bil oblikovan z namenom razločevanja med medicinsko in nemedicinsko travmo (ki je niso povzročili medicinski dogodki). Različne raziskave poročajo, da kar do 80 % otrok in njihovih družin doživlja nekoliko travmatskega stresa pri soočanju z življenjsko ogrožajočimi boleznimi, poškodbami ali bolečimi medicinskimi postopki. Približno 20–30 % staršev ter 15–25 % otrok in njihovih sorojencev pa celo doživlja trajen travmatski stres, ki ovira vsakodnevno delovanje in vpliva na sam potek zdravljenja ter okrevanja. Razvoj in potek pediatrične medicinske travme ponazarja model pediatričnega medicinskega travmatskega stresa, ki za posamezno fazo poteka navaja tudi cilje intervencij. Poleg psihologa ima pri preprečevanju travme, ki se lahko pojavi pri obravnavi otrok, mladostnikov in njihovih staršev, pomembno vlogo tudi zdravstveno osebje. Vsi strokovni oziroma zdravstveni delavci si moramo prizadevati, da obravnava in oskrba otrok vključuje zavedanje in ozaveščanje o travmi. Na ta način lahko namreč pomembno preprečimo ali zmanjšamo negativne posledice travme, do katere lahko pride v medicinskem okolju.
Business process modeling with cloud computing support
Authors: Panduwinasari Elsya , Eltivia Nurafni , Afandi Aang
Published: June 2021

Precise and clear Business Process Modeling (BPM) can be used to implement the all of processes according to the user’s needs. On the other hand, cloud computing has become a solution for data storage and more effective and efficient computing processes. State Polytechnic of Malang (Polinema) is one of the vocational higher education Institutions in Indonesia that requires business process modeling to facilitate an integrated understanding of process flow. This study aims to describe the business processes of the financial realization system and the structure of cloud computing that can be used. This research used Bizagi for designing Business Process Model and Notation (BPMN) in modeling business processes of financial system realization. This paper describes the business model of the financial realization system at Polinema. This study proposes the use of an Infrastructure as a Service IaaS-based cloud computing service model using a hybrid cloud approach to support the work of the system.