bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Conceptual Foundations of Accounting and Control Tools for the Development of Small and Medium-Sized Businesses
Authors: Grishkina Svyetlana
Published: July 2022

Based on a study of the theory and practice of organizing accounting and compiling financial statements in small and medium-sized businesses, as well as a critical analysis of conflicting points of view on simplified methods of accounting and preparing financial statements, the author substantiates the main directions for improving the accounting and control tools for the development of small businesses. and medium-sized businesses through the introduction of appropriate elements of the accounting system and formulated its conceptual foundations. The structure of the Federal Accounting Standard for Small and Medium-Sized Businesses (FAS) is proposed, the composition of financial statements for medium, small and micro-enterprises is substantiated, and recommendations are given on the content of explanations for the main forms of accounting financial statements.
Assessment and Control of Risks of Economic Security of Construction Organizations
Authors: Zolotareva G. , Denisenko Galina
Published: July 2022

The specifics of the activities of construction enterprises, the presence of numerous controlled requirements, leads to the emergence of risks, the implementation of which can lead to significant losses. To ensure the economic security of the construction enterprise, a timely risk assessment is required in order to prevent their implementation. It is not practical to control the entire risk set. It is necessary to assess and distinguish the most significant risks from the totality. The article presents the author's methodology for assessing the economic safety risks of construction enterprises: a diagram and description of the main stages of the risk assessment methodology, more detailed recommendations for carrying out individual stages of the methodology and on the formation of the necessary documents. Monitored indicators and indicators of continuous risk control are defined in relation to the features of construction activities. The proposed methodology will ensure the timeliness and accuracy of the assessment of economic security risks, which was confirmed by the results of testing at the construction industry enterprise.
Effects of transcutaneous electrical stimulation with the device “VEB” ® on the human body
Authors: Babelyuk Valeriy , Babelyuk Nazariy , Popovych Igor , Gozhenko Anatoliy , Kyrylenko Iryna , Korolyshyn Tetyana , Dubkova Galyna , Kovbasnyuk Marta , Hubyts’kyi Victor , Kikhtan Volodymyr , Musiyenko Vira , Dobrovolsky Yuriy , Korsunskyi Igor , Zukow Walery
Published: July 2022

Background. In 2015, a generator for electrotherapy and stimulation oh human nerve centers was created, called “VEB-1”®. Preliminary observation of volunteers revealed a modulating effect of a four-day course of electrical stimulation on the parameters of electroencephalogram, metabolism, as well as gas-discharge visualization (GDV). In this message, we present the results of the approbation of the device on an expanded contingent of volunteers with the use of additional research methods and a new modification of the device. Material and research methods. The object of observation were employees of the sanatorium “Moldova”, patients with chronic cholecystitis: 19 women 30-62 y and 19 men 25-63 y. In the morning registered HRV (“CardioLab+HRV”, “KhAI-Medica”, Kharkiv, UA), EEG (“NeuroCom Standard”, “KhAI-Medica”, Kharkiv, UA), kirlianogram by the method of GDV (“GDV Chamber”, “Biotechprogress”, SPb, RF), electroconductivity of skin in three pairs of points of acupuncture (“Medissa”), electrokinetic index of buccal epithelium ("Biotest", Kharkiv State University), as well as some endocrine, immune and metabolic parameters. After the initial testing, an transcutaneous electrical stimulation session was performed with a “VEB-1”® or a “VEB-2” devices. The next morning after completing the four-day course, retesting was performed. Results. Electrical stimulation causes a sympathotonic shift in the sympatho-vagal balance and an increase in PSD of delta-rhythm generating neurons combined with a decrease in PSD of beta- and theta-rhythm generating neurons. This is accompanied by increase in phagocytosis and favorable changes in immune, biochemical and biophysical parameters as well as increase in testosterone level in men only. The integral effects on the constellation of registered body parameters of both device modifications do not differ significantly. Conclusion. The "VEB" device exerts an adaptogenic effect on the body through transcutaneous electrical stimulation of neurons.
The neurological complications after covid-19 in children
Authors: Ziółkiewicz Aleksandra , Więsyk Piotr , Jartych Aleksandra , Żybowska Monika , Cichocka Agnieszka , Rzewuska Anna , Chrościńska-Krawczyk Magdalena
Published: July 2022

Studies have shown that during the pandemic period, children under 5 years of age accounted for 1.8% of COVID-19 cases. After covid complications are now a major concern and represent a new disease entity known as PIMS and MIS-C. Many studies have been conducted on the pathomechanism of the virus and the clinical manifestations it causes in adults, including neurological complications.

Symptoms are mainly associated with central and peripheral neurological disorders, ranging from mild (headache, fever, cough, pharyngitis, rhinitis and anosmia) to severe (stroke or Guillain-Barré syndrome). Dyspnoea or respiratory failure is seen in approximately 11.7% of young patients. Although SARS-CoV-2 mainly occupies the respiratory system, about 10% report gastrointestinal symptoms. CT abnormalities of the chest of children are less frequent and milder than in adults, and include opacities of frosted glass and patchy shadows. In many cases, elevated CK-MB levels have also been noted, indicating possible myocardial damage.

Children and adolescents contribute to an increasing proportion of all Covid-19 cases. It can be due to the emergence of highly infectious variants of the virus. Many drugs have been tried in children both antiviral, antimalarial, corticosteroids and intravenous immunoglobulin or selective cytokine brokers. The only effective method of prophylaxis is two doses of BNT162b2 vaccine given 21 days apart.
Text Performance on the Vine Stage? The Effect of Incentive on Product Review Text Quality
Authors: Qiao Dandan , Rui Huaxia
Published: July 2022

Incentivizing reviewers to write product reviews is a widespread yet controversial practice. Whereas outright fake reviews are clearly unacceptable and should be removed from any review platform, reviews contributed by incentivized consumers with otherwise authentic product experiences fall in a gray area. This paper offers a fresh perspective for us to understand conceptually the relationship between incentivized reviews and its two counterparts (i.e., organic reviews and advertisements) on the two ends of the spectrum, and it studies whether incentivized reviews are of higher text quality. The authors argue that incentivized reviewers may shift their “writing mode” from back stage to front stage and may also “compensate” for their reduced impartiality through better text quality. Drawing on recent advancements in computational linguistics, the authors demonstrate that incentivized reviews tend to have more coherent writing and cover more details, suggesting higher review text quality. Their finding highlights the often-overlooked value of incentivized reviews, which can complement an organic review system and also alleviate the cold-start problem for new products, thereby promoting healthy competition in the e-commerce era. For review platforms, the authors suggest they explicitly group and label incentivized reviews without their numerical ratings and separate them from organic reviews. In this way, we can take the best of both worlds.
Post-herpetic neuralgia: The painful aftermath of shingles
Authors: Cope Graham , Bloodworth Charlotte
Published: July 2022

Graham Cope and Charlotte Bloodworth look at how nurses can manage this often distressing condition
Veterinary physiotherapy for back pain in the horse
Authors: Tabor Gillian
Published: July 2022

This review presents the veterinary physiotherapist's approach to assessment and treatment of back pain in horses, while supporting veterinary care as part of the multidisciplinary team. Veterinary physiotherapists aim to restore painless optimal function using their scope of physiotherapy treatments, which are individualised to the patient, including manual therapy, the use of electro-physical and specific therapeutic exercises, as well as the prescription of a rehabilitation plan. The combination of pain relief and acquisition or maintenance of the required range of motion, along with ensuring postural stability and muscle activity, are the initial principles of treatment. A chartered physiotherapist can also assess the rider and their ability to function optimally, potentially providing interventions to ensure riders do not negatively influence their horse. Following clinically reasoned use of manual and electro-physical therapies for the horse with back pain, re-education of positive movement patterns and subsequent muscle strengthening is required. Successful physiotherapy will ensure that a horse is comfortable and capable of carrying a rider, and is thus able to perform the functional tasks required.
Summer poisoning hazards
Authors: Bates Nicola
Published: July 2022

There is a seasonal risk with some poisons and in the summer, when stinging insects and adders are more active, there is a risk of envenomation. Diagnosis of an adder bite may be missed in horses, as the biting event is rarely witnessed. Envenomation may result in local swelling and occasionally, systemic effects. Multiple bee stings are particularly hazardous as this can result in multi-organ involvement, which may be fatal. Grazing on some plants, such as ragwort or bracken, for a prolonged period can also result in poisoning as ragwort contains pyrrolizidine alkaloids which cause liver failure and bracken contains an enzyme that has an anti-thiamine effect, inducing thiamine deficiency. Photosensitisation following exposure to plants containing phototoxins and bright sunlight is also a risk in summer. Treatment of plant poisoning in horses is generally supportive and involves removing the plant, providing good quality food and supportive care. Thiamine supplementation may be required in severe cases of bracken poisoning. Animals should be protected from sunlight following exposure to a phototoxin, with supportive management of skin lesions. Management of adder bite is supportive with administration of adder antivenom. Multiple bee stings require aggressive supportive care.
Antiproliferative Effects of Phytoestrogens Formononetin and Resveratrol Against Human Pulmonary Adenocarcinoma Cells A 549
Authors: Sreepriya M Sreepriya M , Bhimnaik S Bhimnaik S , Bhavyasai Bhavyasai , Rumana A Rumana A , Divya M Divya M
Published: July 2022

Phytoestrogens are phytoalexins, plant secondary metabolites produced in response to microbial attacks and other forms of external stress stimuli. These compounds are devoid of the steroidal structure of endogenous estrogens but could bind with estrogen receptors with great affinity as they have structural similarity with endogenous/synthetic estrogens. Phytoestrogens are reported to possess several health benefits including cardio protective, antidiabetic, antioxidant and anti osteoporotic properties. Phytoestrogens like genistein, daidzein, and equol have been reported to possess excellent anti proliferative and anticancer properties. Formononetin, is a phytoestrogen, isoflavone widely present in red clover (Trifolium pratense) and resveratrol is a phytoestrogen which is widely present in red grapes (Vitis vinifera). The cardio protective property of red wine has been attributed to the presence of resveratrol. Although formononetin and resveratrol have been investigated extensively for several pharmacological properties, reports on their anti proliferative effects especially against human pulmonary carcinoma cell lines are very less. Hence the current study aims to understand the influence of these two compounds on the growth of human pulmonary adenocarcinoma cell line A 549. MTT assay, cytomorphology analysis by phase contrast microscopy, DNA topology assay and DPPH assay were few assays which were performed to understand the antiproliferative and antioxidant effects of these compounds. Results of the study indicated the potent antiproliferative effects of these compounds against human pulmonary carcinoma cell lines implicating that these compounds could be potential therapeutic molecules with multifaceted roles as anticancer agents, potent antioxidants and anti inflammatory agents.
Selection of Optimum Method for Nanoparticles in Lung Cancer Therapeutics
Authors: Hable Asawaree Anand , Jagdale Swati Changdeo , Chabukswar Aniruddha Rajaram
Published: July 2022

The purpose of the study was to compare and select optimum method for nanoparticles formulation in lung cancer therapeutics. For this experiment etoposide, anti-neoplastic agent was used as study molecule. The nanoparticles were prepared by methods like quassi emulsification solvent diffusion, high speed homogenization, probe sonication, magnetic stirring and compared. The batches for each method were prepared in different ratios of drug to polymers. All the formulated batches were evaluated for %EE, %DL, Particle size, polydispersity index and zeta potential. The method with better results was selected for further factorial model study. The batch with better results from 32 factorial model was investigated further for FTIR, DSC, XRD and drug release study. After comparing results of all the methods, method probe sonication with batch code C8 was found better. After applying factorial model, method with batch code F6 shown better results and showed no interactions between drug and polymer. % Drug release study showed almost two folds increased release. The probe sonication method was optimum method among all the methods. These formulated nanoparticles further can be incorporated in drug delivery for more efficient formulation in treatment of lung cancer.
Biogenic Synthesis of Selenium Nanoparticles using Diospyros montana Bark Extract: Characterization, Antioxidant, Antibacterial, and Antiproliferative Activity
Authors: Puri Abhijeet , Patil Swati
Published: July 2022

Selenium nanomaterials (Nano-Se) are new selenium sources with excellent biocompatibility, degradability, and bioactivities. The objective of the present study is the green synthesis of selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) using Diospyros montana Roxb (DM) bark extract, its characterization, and evaluation for in-vitro antioxidant, antibacterial and anticancer activities. To synthesize Diospyros montana- selenium nanoparticles (DM-SeNPs), selenious acid (H2SeO3) was reduced using D. montana extract via precipitation technique. UV-Vis, FTIR, XRD, SEM, EDAX, and ICP-AES were used to characterize DM-SeNPs. The DPPH free radical scavenging assay and reducing power capacity were used to test DM-SeNP for antioxidant activity. The antibacterial properties of the DM-SeNP were tested using the well diffusion method against gram-positive and gram-negative microorganisms. DM-SeNPs were also subjected to antiproliferative activity using MTT assay via MCF-7 cell line. A peak in UV at 289 nm validated the synthesis of DM-SeNPs. According to DLS, SEM, and TEM images, the size of DM-SeNPs was between 100-150 nm. XRD analysis confirmed the crystallinity of DM-SeNPs. Selenium was verified in colloidal dispersion using EDAX analysis, and ICP-AES confirmed selenium content 63.45 ±18.3 µg/mL in DM-SeNP. The IC50 24.72 ± 0.63 µg/mL and EC50 46.30 ± 0.21 µg/mL values indicated that the DM-SeNPs had a good antioxidant capacity. DM-SeNPs showed comparative better antibacterial potential. The inhibition zones were found to be the highest for E. coli (48.00 mm), B. subtilis (44.14 mm), Klebsiella pneumonia (36.20 mm), and S. aureus (34.16mm), respectively. Antiproliferative activity was carried out, which showed DM-SeNPs were cytotoxic to breast cancer cells line (MCF-7). The IC50 values for DM-SeNPs were found to be 38.19 ± 0.27 µg/mL and Doxorubicin 6.41 ± 0.09 µg/mL, respectively. The study suggests that DM-SeNPs display moderate cytotoxicity that could dose-dependently inhibit cell proliferation. Thus, experimental evidence provides insight into selenium nanoparticle synthesis, its potential therapeutic value, and the prospect of developing a formulation containing DM-SeNPs.
República vs. Nación: dialéctica reivindicativa del independentismo catalán post 1-O
Authors: López Hernández Jaume
Published: July 2022

Tras los hechos del 2017, en el independentismo catalán coexisten dos interpretaciones que conllevan asimismo dos tipos de discursos legitimadores y de estrategias políticas. La perspectiva “nacionalista” reclama el derecho a la autodeterminación, subrayando los elementos identitarios, mientras que el marco “republicano” destaca la voluntad democrática para promover una identidad-proyecto emancipatoria. Curiosamente, la percepción internacional y del resto del Estado contribuyen a fortalecer el discurso nacionalista, debilitando la aproximación republicana tan determinante para el crecimiento del independentismo antes del 1-O. La dialéctica entre ambas visiones marcará el devenir del independentismo, ya sea reforzando las tensiones internas, o articulando un marco reivindicativo que combine elementos de ambos.
Radiografía de una contienda transgresiva
Authors: Montes Pastor Iván Nicolás
Published: July 2022

El presente artículo propone un estudio del ciclo de protestas ocurrido en Perú entre el nueve y el diecisiete de noviembre del año 2020. En este sentido, la propuesta del escrito se enmarca en un análisis de la acción colectiva que dialoga con algunos de los paradigmas más importantes del campo. De este modo, la investigación se cristaliza en tres cuestiones fundamentales: (1) una preocupación por la gramática o la narrativa que gira en torno al ciclo de movilización, (2) un ejercicio descriptivo de lo sucedido a lo largo del ciclo de protestas, (3) una posible explicación que tome en cuenta la profundidad del problema planteado
Habits, norms and use of technologies in early childhood households from a gender perspective
Authors: Romero Tena Rosalia , Barragán-Sánchez Raquel , Martínez-Pérez Sandra , Palacios-Rodríguez Antonio
Published: July 2022

The use of technologies at home directly influences how children perceive them for their learning at school. Numerous studies have focused on the different ways in which digital technologies are used at home and in schools. These studies attempt to explain how previous experience and knowledge can be linked to the use of technologies at school, the differences between home and school literacies, or how socio-economic status influences the availability of technology in these socio-educational institutions. All of them show that technology has become part of children's lives. Consequently, the aim of this study was to obtain information about the habits, norms and use of technology by children aged 2-6 years in their homes and the differences between genders. To this end, a validated questionnaire was created. A total of 1016 parents completed the questionnaire. The results show the most used technologies, the time of use and whom they are used with, as well as the rules imposed and their opinion about this use. Likewise, there are significant differences that lead to carry out and discuss proposals for STEAM work in Early Childhood Education classrooms in order to empower students.
Los recursos digitales en la Educación Infantil. ¿Cómo son y qué opinan el profesorado y las familias?
Authors: Rodríguez Jesús Rodríguez , Area-Moreira Manuel
Published: July 2022

En este artículo presentamos una síntesis de los principales resultados de una nuestra investigación sobre recursos educativos digitales en la etapa de Educación Infantil. Estos resultados se centran, por una parte, en el análisis de las características técnicas y pedagógicas de los recursos didácticos digitales dirigidos al alumnado del segundo ciclo de Educación Infantil (periodo 3-6 años). Por otra parte trataremos exploramos las visiones y opiniones del profesorado y las familias con relación a los usos y prácticas desarrolladas con dichos recurso digitales, tanto en el contexto escolar como en el hogar. Estos últimos datos resultados han sido obtenidos a través del método de encuesta.El proyecto fue desarrollado por grupos de investigación de distintas universidades españolas (La Laguna, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña y Valencia) en el periodo 2019-2022. Los resultados indican que el modelo pedagógico de estos portales y plataformas de recursos digitales para la educación infantil es muy variable en función del recurso disponible y que, en líneas generales, tanto el profesorado como las familias mantienen predisposición favorables para la utilización de estas tecnologías en la educación de los niños y niñas de esta edad.
Technology and methodology: the “MADE BY THEM TO THEM” approach in early childhood
Authors: Gonçalves Daniela , Quadros-Flores Paula , Ramos Altina
Published: July 2022

Knowing that the Internet has opened doors to information and to the possibility of ubiquitous communication, there is now a need to review ways of teaching and learning. Learning to learn assumes a significant predominance in the methodological design due to the centrality of the student in the learning process. In this sense, this study aims to understand the approach “Made by them to them: the students in the learning process” in early childhood, assuming that it 1) activates prior knowledge; 2) promotes personal and collaborative efforts in the construction of the didactic resource; 3) creates emotion in the learning process. This is a multiple case study in different educational contexts and levels whose data collection was carried out by analyzing reflective narratives carried out by intern students from higher education institutions in public and private institutions. The results suggest that this approach, in addition to activating prior knowledge that is important for the construction of a robust structure of knowledge and significantly involving children in an emotional process of well-being, stimulates the natural articulation of knowledge in an inclusive environment. We conclude that situated and contextualized learning in a growing process of child involvement facilitates the understanding of reality and promotes inclusion and the construction of complex thoughts.
La bola de cristal
Authors: Lolumo Peiro Alejandro
Published: July 2022

En un informe elaborado por David Bueno i Torrens (1) para la International Bureau of Education de la UNESCO, se analizaron algunos estudios científicos relacionados con la mentalidad de crecimiento, el éxito académico y el bienestar. La idea de que las habilidades intelectuales son maleables, incluida la inteligencia, han conducido a muchas escuelas y sistemas educativos a adoptar intervenciones sobre la mentalidad de crecimiento. Una de las líneas más recientes es que, si un estudiante comprende cómo funciona y cómo aprende el cerebro, puede incrementar su habilidad intelectual; puede comenzar a obtener sensación de control sobre su propio aprendizaje. La principal razón de esta experiencia didáctica es dar respuesta a una cuestión: si el cerebro es el director de operaciones del cual se vale el alumnado en todos sus procesos, ¿no debería conocer cómo emplearlo de la mejor manera posible para aprender? Sería interesante que se introdujese el conocimiento del cerebro en el aprendizaje durante toda la etapa de Primaria. El alumnado utiliza y desarrolla los procesos de memorización, atención, control inhibitorio, flexibilidad cognitiva…, pero en muchas ocasiones no es consciente de ello. El diseño universal del aprendizaje (DUA), definido por Rose y Meyer(2), nos transmite que las tres redes neuronales (de reconocimiento, estratégica y afectiva) estén activadas en más de un momento para permitir que el aprendizaje ocurra en el cerebro. Para incidir en estas tres redes y potenciar el aprendizaje de nuestro cerebro, vamos a descubrir, justificar y desarrollar diferentes metodologías relacionadas con el aprendizaje colaborativo, el aprendizaje con expresión plástica y cinestésica, las rutinas de pensamiento y la gamificación. Tras implementar esta experiencia didáctica y haber valorado los aprendizajes del alumnado, se puede afirmar que han aprendido un punto de vista diferente acerca del cerebro, como estructura y como herramienta, ya que el tipo de metodologías desarrolladas tiene la validez científica que demuestra un impacto en el aprendizaje. En los últimos años se han implementado proyectos de educación emocional en el currículo. Por ende, se podría aprovechar para abordar conocimientos básicos de neurociencia desde este, puesto que son funciones útiles en el desempeño social y personal.
Aprendizaje Organizado: El ser humano aprendiz
Authors: Subirats Joan
Published: July 2022

El objetivo de este artículo es desarrollar una mirada propia desde dentro de la educación que tenga en consideración la dimensión integral del aprendiz (1). Para conseguirlo se reflexiona sobre cómo podemos tratar sus implicaciones en un modelo de estudiante multidimensional i/o multisistemico, ocho sistemas ( biológico, procedimental, condicional, cognitivo, expresivo –creativo, emotivo –volitivo, social y mental)  cada uno de ellos interrelacionado y con dependencia del otro, así la teoría de los sistemas complejos nos da una visión del ser humano aprendiz como sistema abierto y el cual no está a disposición pasiva de las fuerzas del entorno, sino que actúa sobre ellas cambiándolas cuando intencionalmente lo considera necesario. (2); este aprendiz multisistemico determinará la planificación en el diseño del Aprendizaje Organizado (AO).
Las tecnologías digitales al servicio del diseño universal para el aprendizaje
Authors: Rubio Pulido María de los Milagros
Published: July 2022

Technology has uses for a wide range of services, including education, being analyzed by different theoretical models in its application to educational environments. Used from a pedagogical approach, technology must favor the learning of all students based on digital accessibility standards. Accessibility in learning is based on the three principles of UDL (representation, implication and action and expression), principles for which technology provides varied and multiple resources and possible actions, both specifically for each principle and in an integrated way to the three. Technology also allows the design of digital and accessible educational content by configuring parameters alluding to the content itself and its format, with support references to do so and application examples in some educational institutions that have used the UDL approach to design resources. open educational. Given that the use of technology in education also involves associated risks, we must be aware of them in order to avoid them or compensate them in favor of the inclusion of all students.
Anomaly detection in fundus images by self-adaptive decomposition via local and color based sparse coding
Authors: Du Yuchen , Wang Lisheng , Chen Benzhi , An Chengyang , Liu Hao , Fan Ying , Wang Xiuying , Xu Xun
Published: July 2022

Anomaly detection in color fundus images is challenging due to the
diversity of anomalies. The current studies detect anomalies from
fundus images by learning their background images, however, ignoring
the affluent characteristics of anomalies. In this paper, we propose a
simultaneous modeling strategy in both sequential sparsity and local
and color saliency property of anomalies are utilized for the
multi-perspective anomaly modeling. In the meanwhile, the Schatten
p-norm based metric is employed to better learn the
heterogeneous background images, from where the anomalies are better
discerned. Experiments and comparisons demonstrate the outperforming
and effectiveness of the proposed method.
Bioluminescence tomography reconstruction in conjunction with an organ probability map as an anatomical reference: erratum
Authors: Yin Wanzhou , Li Xiang , Cao Qian , Wang Hongkai , Zhang Bin
Published: July 2022

After publication [Biomed. Opt. Express 13, 1275 (2022)10.1364/BOE.448862], an existence of a related patent came to notice and it should have been mentioned, as should the use of a similar format for Fig. 1. This erratum corrects this information.
Coherent control of the atomic Talbot effect in an N-type Raman-based atomic system
Authors: Ahmad Anees , Irfan Muhammad , Qamar Sajid , Qamar Shahid
Published: July 2022

We propose a scheme to study coherent control of the atomic Talbot effect using an N-type four-level atomic system in the Raman regime. We show that the intensity of the atomic Talbot image can be efficiently manipulated using Rabi frequency of the control field. However, this manipulation strongly depends on the proper choice of Raman and control field detunings. In particular, the sign of control field detuning leads to two distinct features. In one case, the intensity increases up to a maximum as a function of the control field, followed by a decreasing trend, while in other case, we find only a monotonically decreasing trend.
Emission detection of dark resonance in a dilute lithium atomic vapor
Authors: Ishikawa Kiyoshi , Inoue Mari , Yamamoto Mayu
Published: July 2022

Dark resonance in coherent population trapping of lithium atoms in the ground state is measured by detecting atomic light emission. Compared to transmission detection, emission detection improves the signal-to-noise ratio of the resonance signal at low temperatures, extending the lower temperature limit to

220

∘

C

. This corresponds to an atomic density, 1 order of magnitude smaller than the saturated density required in transmission detection. In Ar gas, the resonance width at a low temperature is found to be decreased to 45 Hz, which is as narrow as in He and Ne gases.
Modified low CSPR Kramer–Kronig receivers based on a signal–signal beat interference estimation
Authors: Yu Chao , Gao Ran , Wang Fu , Li Zhipei , Guo Dong , Chang Huan , Zhou Sitong , Liu Xinyu , Wang Fei , Gao Yunshu , Xin Xiangjun
Published: July 2022

Due to their simple structures and high robustness to fibre dispersion, single-sideband transmission systems using Kramer–Kronig (KK) receivers are an attractive solution for 80 km data centre interconnects. However, a major problem with KK receivers is that the optimal carrier signal power ratio (CSPR) needs to be large, due to the existence of signal-signal beat interference (SSBI), but this results in low receiver sensitivity. We propose two modified KK receivers that can estimate and eliminate SSBI and allow for signal detection when the CSPR is less than 0 dB. After transmission over an 80 km optical fibre, our modified KK receivers were able to increase the receiver sensitivity by 3 dB compared with a traditional KK receiver while the CSPR was reduced by 6 dB, and improvements of 1.16 and 1.60 dB in the OSNR were achieved with a reduction in the CSPR of 8 dB. Our improved KK receivers can greatly reduce the carrier power and CSPR necessary for the system, and thus reduce the cost of the system transmitter.
Completely revealing the amplitude properties of Laguerre-Gaussian vortex beams
Authors: Tang Ao , Bin Lan , Xiong Guangyun , Shen Feng
Published: July 2022

In this paper, the amplitude properties of the Laguerre-Gaussian (LG) vortex beams are analyzed theoretically and demonstrated experimentally. Firstly, the ring width of the LG vortex beam is almost a constant, which can be considered to be independent of the topological charge (l) and only determined by the waist radius ω(z), and its general expression is derived via investigating Lambert W function. On this basis, concise expressions for inner and outer ring radii, ratio of inner and outer ring radius, ring area and beam divergence are also given out. Moreover, modification functions are added to obtain more accurate expressions. In the experiment, a spatial light modulator is employed to generate the LG vortex beams with l = 1∼20 at ω0 = 0.3mm and ω0=0.4mm, and the LG vortex beams with l=10 at different propagation distances. The experimental results are in good agreement with the theoretical values. This work may help researchers to better understand the LG vortex beam and provide a useful guideline for its further applications.
VO2-enabled transmission-reflection switchable coding terahertz metamaterials
Authors: Sun Mengke , Lv Tianshuo , Liu Ziying , Wang Fatian , Li Wenjia , Zhang Yang , Zhu Zheng , Guan Chunying , Shi Jinhui
Published: July 2022

Coding metamaterials have offered unprecedented degrees of freedom to manipulate electromagnetic waves in time and frequency domains in terms of various coding sequences, however, it is still challenging to realize dynamic coding metamaterials in the terahertz range. Here, we propose VO2-enabled transmission-reflection switchable coding terahertz metamaterials consisting of multilayered gold and VO2 patterns. The insulator-to-metal transition of VO2 leads to switch between the refractive and reflective scattering beams by changing the temperature. The four 2-bit elements are used to construct coding metasurface-based OAM generator with l = 1. Remarkably, the transmission-reflection switching functionality of the coding metasurface can be achieved at different frequencies. In addition, the novel designs in our work can achieve EM waves manipulation and provide a useful method to dynamically switch transmission-reflection response in the THz frequency regime.
Deep learning based end-to-end visible light communication with an in-band channel modeling strategy
Authors: Li Zhongya , Shi Jianyang , Zhao Yiheng , Li Guoqiang , Chen Jiang , Zhang Junwen , Chi Nan
Published: July 2022

Aside from ambient light noise, shot noise, and linear/nonlinear effects, strong low-frequency noise (LFN) severely affects the signal quality in LED-based visible light communication (VLC) systems, which hinders the implementation of data-driven end-to-end (E2E) deep learning approaches in real LED-VLC systems. We present a deep learning-based autoencoder to deal with this challenge. A novel modeling strategy is proposed to bypass the influence of the LFN and other low signal-to-noise ratio data when training the channel model of our E2E framework. The deep learning-based autoencoder then embeds the differentiable channel model and learns to combat the majority of channel impairments. In the E2E LED-VLC experiment, 1.875 Gbps transmission is achieved under the 7% HD-FEC threshold, 0.325 Gbps faster than the baseline. The E2E framework is robust to signal bias and amplitude variations, implying dimming support in the indoor environment.
All-dielectric high saturation structural colors enhanced by multipolar modulated metasurfaces
Authors: Li Hongxu , Xu Yanli , Zhang Xin , Xiao Xisheng , Zhou Feng , Zhang Zhengping
Published: July 2022

A visible light depth modulation based on a metasurface consisting of TiO2 nanorings and SiO2 substrate is proposed to significantly enhance the saturation and structural colors’ gamut. Compared with the nanostructure of the TiO2 nanodisks, the developed TiO2 nanorings can enhance monochromatic excitation by inhibiting the multipole mode, particularly electric quadrupole (EQ) mode at a shorter wavelength. Furthermore, when TiO2 nanorings are combined with a refractive index matching layer - water, reflection bandwidth, and background reflection are reduced, and the brightness and color purity are significantly enhanced. The novel and unique nanostructures developed can generate a significant gamut of 140% sRGB and 103% Adobe RGB. Additionally, the color structure based on the TiO2 nanoring metasurface is sensitive to the surrounding medium’s refractive index and can be employed in sensor display and other fields, as well as to amplify color information in high resolution display and imaging applications.
Dynamic manipulation of WGM lasing by tailoring the coupling strength
Authors: Ge Kun , Ruan Jun , Cui Libin , Guo Dan , Tong Junhua , Zhai Tianrui
Published: July 2022

Miniaturized lasing with dynamic manipulation is critical to the performance of compact and versatile photonic devices. However, it is still a challenge to manipulate the whispering gallery mode lasing modes dynamically. Here, we design the quasi-three-dimensional coupled cavity by a micromanipulation technique. The coupled cavity consists of two intersection polymer microfibers. The mode selection mechanism is demonstrated experimentally and theoretically in the coupled microfiber cavity. Dynamic manipulation from multiple modes to single-mode lasing is achieved by controlling the coupling strength, which can be quantitatively controlled by changing the coupling angle or the coupling distance. Our work provides a flexible alternative for the lasing mode modulation in the on-chip photonic integration.
Aperture configuration optimization for extended scene observation by an interferometric telescope
Authors: Debary Hiyam , Mugnier Laurent M. , Michau Vincent
Published: July 2022

In this Letter, we aim at optimizing the aperture configuration of an optical interferometric imager for observing extended objects. We exploit combinatorial theory results from different authors to prove the existence of solutions to some problems of aperture configuration optimization in dimension 1. We determine in which cases these solutions exist for a compact frequency coverage and provide an explicit solution whatever the number of apertures. We apply these results and provide an illustration in two cases: the first is an interferometer composed of radially disposed arms; and the second consists of an innovative hybrid architecture involving a small monolithic telescope, which covers short spatial frequencies added at the center of the first case design. Last, we carry out an analysis to determine under which condition a monolithic telescope placed at the center of this hybrid instrument can complete its frequency coverage without gaps.
Optimized shift-pattern overlay for high coupling efficiency waveguide grating couplers
Authors: Zhou Xuetong , Tsang Hon Ki
Published: July 2022

We propose and validate a new, to the best of our knowledge, approach for increasing the coupling efficiency of waveguide grating couplers by introducing an optimized shift-patterned polysilicon overlay above the silicon grating structure. After optimizing the shifts in position and duty cycles of each period in the polysilicon overlay and silicon grating, the silicon grating and polysilicon overlay can form composite subwavelength structures which improve both the mode matching and the directionality of the grating coupler, and enable the design of a high-efficiency perfectly vertical grating coupler (PVGC) with −0.91 dB simulated coupling efficiency. The devices are fabricated using photolithography in a standard commercial multi-project wafer fabrication service by IMEC and have a measured coupling loss of approximately 1.45 dB.
‘I don’t really understand this BP’: Women’s knowledge, attitudes, and experiences with preeclampsia in Ghana
Authors: Joshi Avina , Beyuo Titus K. , Oppong Samuel A. , Moyer Cheryl A. , Lawrence Emma R.
Published: July 2022

Preeclampsia and eclampsia are common and serious complications of pregnancies, often presenting as obstetric emergencies. In low- and middle-income countries, limited numbers of healthcare providers and a high volume of critically ill patients can negatively impact provider communication and counseling. Lack of knowledge or awareness of preeclampsia and eclampsia among pregnant women can lead to delays in health seeking behavior. Our study uses grounded theory to explore patients’ experience of preeclampsia and eclampsia in a low-resource setting. Participants were postpartum women diagnosed with preeclampsia or eclampsia at Korle Bu Teaching Hospital in Ghana. Interviews consisted of semi-structured, open-ended questions regarding participant understanding of their diagnosis of preeclampsia and eclampsia; counseling from their healthcare providers; and experiences with their delivery, monitoring, and treatment. Qualitative thematic analysis was performed according to the Attride-Sterling analytical framework, using NVivo 12. A total of 45 women were interviewed, 88.9% with preeclampsia and 11.1% with eclampsia. Major themes identified include participants’ low general knowledge of their diagnosis, inadequate counseling from healthcare providers, and resulting emotional distress. Women desire more information regarding their diagnosis and associate their health-seeking behaviors with counseling they receive from healthcare providers. Women also acknowledge the systemic barriers that make patient care and counseling challenging for providers, especially in low- and middle-income countries. These findings highlight the need for improved models of counseling and health education for women with pregnancies complicated by preeclampsia and eclampsia.
Isolation and characterization of Yersinia enterocolitica from foods in Apulia and Basilicata regions (Italy) by conventional and modern methods
Authors: Mancini Maria Emanuela , Beverelli Matteo , Donatiello Adelia , Didonna Antonella , Dattoli Luigi , Faleo Simona , Occhiochiuso Gilda , Galante Domenico , Rondinone Valeria , Del Sambro Laura , Bianco Angelica , Miccolupo Angela , Goffredo Elisa
Published: July 2022

Yersiniosis is the third most reported food-borne zoonosis in Europe. The aim of the present study was to perform the search for Yersinia enterocolitica in food samples collected from Apulia and Basilicata regions (Southern Italy) and to characterize any isolates by classical and modern analytical methods. A total of 130 samples were analyzed between July 2018 and July 2019: most of them were raw milk and dairy products made from it. Furthermore, 8 out of 130 samples were individual milk samples collected from bovines reared in a Brucella-free farm which showed false positive serological reaction for brucellosis due to the presence of pathogenic Y. enterocolitica O:9 biotype 2 in faeces. The Real Time PCR targeting the ail gene and the culture method were performed to detect pathogenic Y. enterocolitica. Isolates were subjected to API 20E (Biomerieux) and MALDI-TOF MS (Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization Time-of-Flight) for species identification. All samples were negative for the ail gene. The culture method allowed to isolate suspicious colonies from 28 samples. The API 20E system and the MALDI-TOF MS technique identified 20 Y. enterocolitica and 1 Y. intermedia in a concordant way. The remaining 7 strains were all identified as Y. enterocolitica by the API 20E system, while the MALDI-TOF MS recognized 4 Y. intermedia, 1 Y. bercovieri and 2 Y. massiliensis. Genotypic characterization of the discordant strains was performed by rMLST and it confirmed the MALDI-TOF MS’ results. Only non-pathogenic Y. enterocolitica biotype 1A strains were found, although with a non-negligible prevalence (P = 0.15 with CI 95% = ± 0.06). This study indicates a poor circulation of pathogenic Y. enterocolitica in food products made and marketed in the investigated areas. However, the small number of samples, insufficient for some food categories such as meat and vegetable, does not allow to exclude the presence of pathogenic strains at all.
A pilot study of the moderating effect of gender on the physical activity and fatigue severity among recovered COVID-19 patients
Authors: Aldhahi Monira I. , Alshehri Mohammed M. , Alqahtani Faleh , Alqahtani Abdulfattah Saeed
Published: July 2022

Background

Clinical data point toward gender-based differences in COVID-19 severity. However, there is insufficient research examining whether gender predicts physical activity (PA) and fatigue severity in patients recovering from COVID-19. Therefore, this study aimed to characterize the PA and fatigue severity in a cohort of patients recovering from COVID-19 infection and measure the extent to which gender-based differences moderate the relationship of PA with fatigue.

Method

A cross-sectional survey was conducted in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. The sample comprised patients recovering from COVID-19 over at least 3 months. Recovered patients were stratified into two groups based on gender. The survey included items pertaining to sociodemographic, a fatigue severity scale and a self-reported international PA questionnaire.

Results

Eighty-seven patients (44 women and 43 men) met the inclusion criteria. Compared with men, women reported sedentary behavior (70%) and high fatigue severity (64%). A significantly higher number of women had a low PA score compared with men (p = .002). The findings indicated that gender significantly moderates the effect of total PA in metabolic equivalents (METs; min/wk) on fatigue severity [F = 4.8, p = .03, ΔR2 = 0.24].

Conclusions

The current study suggests that women might be at risk of higher fatigue severity, in addition to engaging less in PA. Physical activity may plays a significant role in modulate the fatigue severity. Consequently, interventions aimed at promoting physical activity in women stand high chances of addressing the disparity in the distribution of prevalence of fatigue between men and women.
Knockout of mlaA increases Escherichia coli virulence in a silkworm infection model
Authors: Nasu Haruka , Shirakawa Riko , Furuta Kazuyuki , Kaito Chikara
Published: July 2022

The mlaA gene encodes a lipoprotein to maintain an outer membrane lipid asymmetry in gram-negative bacteria. Although the role of mlaA in bacterial virulence has been studied in several bacterial species, there are no reports of its role in E. coli virulence. In this study, we found that knockout of mlaA in E. coli increased its virulence against silkworms. The mlaA-knockout mutant was sensitive to several antibiotics and detergents, but resistant to vancomycin and chlorhexidine. The mlaA-knockout mutant grew faster than the parent strain in the presence of silkworm hemolymph. The mlaA-knockout mutant also produced a larger amount of outer membrane vesicles than the parent strain. These findings suggest that mlaA knockout causes E. coli resistance to specific antimicrobial substances and increases outer membrane vesicle production, thereby enhancing E. coli virulence properties in the silkworm infection model.