bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Kandungan Giberelin, Kinetin, dan Asam Absisat pada Tanaman Durian yang Diberi Paklobutrazol dan Etepon
Authors: . Sakhidin , Suparto Slamet Rohardi
Published: March 2018

Application of paclobutrazol and ethephon is a method to induce flowering of durian. Mecanism of flowering induction was related with the content of some endogenous hormones. The objective of this research was to study content of gibberellin, kinetin, and abscisic acid on durian plant treated by paclobutrazol and ethephon. The treatments were paclobutrazol dosages (a.i. g per tree) : 0,2, and 4; and ethephon concentration (ppm) : 0, 400, and 800; it were replicated 3 times. The material of this research was durian plant var Monthong 10 years age. The result showed that interaction between paclobutrazol dosages and ethephon concentration affected significantly the number of flower and content of gibberellin and abscisic acid. Plant durian treated by 4 g paclobutrazol and 800 ppm ethephon has the lowest content of gibberellin and abscisic acid but the highest number of flower. Application of 4 g paclobutrazol showed the lowest content of gibberellin but the highest content of kinetin. The same result was showed by 800 ppm ethephon.

Key words : durian, paclobutrazol, ethephon, edogenous hormones
Pertumbuhan Planlet Kantong Semar (Nepenthes rafflesiana Jack.) pada Beberapa Media Tanam Selama Tahap Aklimatisasi
Authors: Sukmadijaya Dendih , Dinarti Diny , Isnaini Yupi
Published: March 2018

ABSTRACTThe purpose of this  research  was to determine  the effect of acclimatization media  on  N.  rafflesiana Jack. growth and to obtain the best acclimatization media. This research was conducted at Bogor Botanical Garden from June until September 2009. The research was done in  completely randomized design with threereplications. Five  kinds  media were used  as treatment,  i.e. rice   husk charcoal, cocopeat, sphagnum moss, bamboo leaf compost and combination media rice (rice husk charcoal : cocopeat = 1:1). The r esult showed that   all of the  media can be used  to  acclimate N.  rafflesiana  Jack. planlet.Key words : acclimatization, in vitro,  media combination,  Nepenthes rafflesiana ABSTRAKPenelitian  ini  bertujuan  untuk  mempelajari  pengaruh  macam  media aklimatisasi  terhadap pertumbuhan  N.  rafflesiana  Jack.  dan  untuk mendapatkan  media  yang  paling  sesuai  untuk  aklimatisasi. Penelitian dilakukan di Kebun Raya  Bogor dari bulan Juni sampai dengan September 2009. Rancangan yang digunakan dalam percobaan adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan tiga ulangan. Lima jenis media  yang  dipergunakan sebagai  media  aklimatisasi  adalah  arang  sekam,  cocopeat,  sphagnum moss,kompos  daun  bambu dan kombinasi  media  campuran  (arang sekam  : cocopeat  = 1:1).  Hasil  percobaan menunjukkan bahwa semua media dapat digunakan untuk aklimatisasi planlet N. rafflesiana Jack.Kata  kunci: aklimatisasi, in vitro,  kombinasi media,  Nepenthes rafflesiana
Respon Pertumbuhan Kultur In Vitro Jeruk Besar (Citrus maxima (Burm.) Merr.) cv. Nambangan terhadap Osmotikum dan Retardan
Authors: S. Dewi Iswari , S. Jawak Gani , S. Purwoko Bambang , Sabda M.
Published: March 2018

ABSTRACT

In vitro  conservation has been applied to many species. However, the suppression of explant growth is essential for extending the duration of conservation.  The objective of the research was  to study  in  vitro  growth response  of  pummelo  cv.  Nambangan  to  conservation  medium containing osmotically  active  compound  (osmoticum)  or  growth  suppressant (retardant).  Two  sets  of experiments were conducted  using randomized complete design and replicated three times.  In vitro shoot with four leaves from pummelo, namely cultivar Nambangan, were used as the plant materials. The treatment in the first experiment was  MS + osmoticum (mannitol  0, 20, 40,  and 60 g L-1) and  in the  second  experiment  was  MS +  retardant  (paclobutrazol  0,  1,  3  and  5  mg  L-1).  The  resultsindicated that senescence of the leaf was induced by 20, 40, and 60 g L-1of mannitol. The best media in inhibition of growth  for  pummelo cv. Nambangan was MS + paclobutrazol  1  mg  L-1.  With this media, plant was inhibited but grew normally with green leaf and root.

Keywords: mannitol, minimal growth, paclobutrazol, pummelo

 

ABSTRAK

Konservasi  in  vitro   sudah  banyak  dilakukan  pada  berbagai  spesies. Penghambatan  pertumbuhansangat  penting  bagi  lamanya  tanaman  dapat disimpan.  Tujuan  penelitian  ini  adalah  mempelajari respon  pertumbuhan  in vitro  pamelo  cv.  Nambangan  terhadap  media  konservasi mengandung osmotikum  atau  penghambat  pertumbuhan  (retardan).  Dua percobaan  dilakukan  terpisah  menggunakan  rancangan  acak  lengkap  dan diulang  3  kali.  Tunas  hasil  perbanyakan  in  vitro  dengan  4 daun, digunakan  sebagai  eksplan.  Perlakuan  pada  percobaan  pertama  adalah  MS +  osmotikum (mannitol 0, 20, 40, 60 g L-1) dan pada percobaan kedua adalah MS + retardan (paclobutrazol 0, 1, 3,5 mg L-1). Hasil menunjukkan bahwa daun mengalami senesen oleh perlakuan mannitol. Media yang direkomendasikan untuk konservasi pamelo cv. Nambangan  adalah  MS + paclobutrazol 1 mg  L-1. Dengan media tersebut pertumbuhan dihambat, tetapi tetap normal, berakar dengan daun tetap hijau.

Kata kunci: mannitol, pertumbuhan minimal, paclobutrazol, pamelo
Penggunaan Benzil Amino Purin (BAP) pada Okulasi Jeruk Keprok (Citrus reticulata)
Authors: Sariningtias Nur Wahyu , Poerwanto Roedhy , Gunawan Endang
Published: March 2018

ABSTRACTMandarins (Citrus  reticulata)  is  one  of  the  important  fruit  commodity  in Indonesia. The problems  that  often  arise  in  the  development  is  the availability  of  healthy  seedlings  and  in  large numbers. The purpose of this research was to determine the effect of Benzyl Amino Purines (BAP) onthe success of budding and bud  growth  on the plant  mandarins  Borneo  Prima and  Garut  Dataran Rendah.  This  research  was  conducted  at  the  Pasir Kuda  Experimental  Farm,  Ciomas,  Bogor  in January  to  May  2013.  This experiment  was arranged in  a randomized complete block design with two factors of the scions varieties (Borneo Prima and Garut Dataran Rendah) and the concentration of  BAP  (0, 5, 10, and 15 ppm),  repeated 3  times  so there were 24  experimental units. The research data was analyzed statistically using F test at 5% and continued with DMRT test at 5%. The results showed that the application  of BAP  at  low concentration on  the scions  of the  two  varieties do  not give significantly different results in the variable of success of budding and growth of plant shoots.Keywords: bud, cytokinin, nutrition, rootstock, scion ABSTRAKJeruk  keprok  (Citrus  reticulata)  merupakan  salah  satu  komoditas  buah yang  penting  di Indonesia. Permasalahan yang sering muncul dalam pengembangan jeruk keprok adalah ketersediaan bibit  yang  sehat  dalam jumlah  banyak.  Tujuan  penelitian  ini  adalah  untuk  mengetahui pengaruh pemberian  Benzil  amino  purin  (BAP)  terhadap  keberhasilan okulasi  dan  pertumbuhan  tunas  pada tanaman  jeruk  keprok  Borneo  Prima dan  Garut  Dataran  Rendah.  Penelitian  ini  dilaksanakan  di Kebun Percobaan Pasir  Kuda,  Ciomas,  Bogor  pada  bulan  Januari  sampai  bulan  Mei  tahun 2013. Penelitian disusun dalam rancangan kelompok lengkap teracak (RKLT) faktorial dengan dua faktor yakni varietas batang atas (Borneo Prima dan Garut Dataran Rendah) dan konsentrasi BAP (0, 5, 10, 15 ppm),  diulang 3 kali sehingga terdapat 24 unit percobaan. Data hasil percobaan dianalisis secara statistika dengan uji F pada taraf nyata 5% dan dilanjutkan dengan uji lanjutan DMRT pada taraf nyata  5%  untuk  nilai  yang  berbeda  nyata.  Hasil penelitian  menunjukkan  bahwa  pemberian  BAP dengan konsentrasi rendah pada dua varietas batang atas jeruk keprok  tidak memberikan hasil yang berbeda nyata pada peubah keberhasilan okulasi dan pertumbuhan tunas tanaman.Kata kunci: batang atas, batang bawah, nutrisi, sitokinin, tunas
Pertumbuhan Tanaman Pamelo (Citrus maxima (Burm.) Merr.) pada Berbagai Komposisi dan Volume Media Tanam
Authors: Rahayu Arifah , Setyono , , Susanto Slamet
Published: March 2018

ABSTRACTThis study was aimed at determining the planting media composition and media volume for pummelo growth. A complete randomized design with two factors was arranged in this experiment. The first factor was planting media composition, consisting of (1) rice hull charcoal : soil = 1 : 1, (2) cocopeat : soil = 1 : 1, (3) cocopeat : rice hull charcoal = 1 : 1, (4) rice hull charcoal : cocopeat : soil = 1 : 1 : 1, and (5) soil as control. The second factor was media volume, namely 10, 20, and 30 L. The results showed that plant height, leaf number, root volume and P leaf concentration of pummelo grown in 30 L media were significantly higher than those of pummelo grown in 10 L media, but were not different from those of grown in 20 L media, except for leaf number. Plant height, root volume and N leaf content of pummelo grown in rice hull charcoal : soil relatively were higher than those grown in rice hull charcoal : cocopeat. Planting media composition of rice hull charcoal : cocopeat had N and C content, C/N ratio, organic matter, K2O and cation exchange capacity higher, but had water content, bulk density, particle density lower than other growing medium. The most suitable planting medium for potted pummelo was rice hull charcoal : soil, and 20 L medium volume was still suitable until 24 WAP (weeks after planting).Key words: cocopeat, N and P leaves content, rice hull charcoal, root volume,ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui komposisi dan volume media tanam yang sesuai untuk pertumbuhan tanaman pamelo. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) faktorial dengan dua faktor yaitu komposisi media tanam dan volume media tanam. Komposisi media tanam terdiri atas lima taraf, yaitu (1) arang sekam : tanah (1:1), (2) cocopeat : tanah (1:1), (3) cocopeat : arang sekam (1:1), (4) arang sekam : cocopeat : tanah (1:1:1), dan (5) tanah (kontrol), sedangkan volume media tanam terdiri atas tiga taraf (10, 20, dan 30 L). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tinggi, jumlah daun, volume akar dan kandungan P daun tanaman pamelo pada volume media tanam 30 L lebih besar dibandingkan dengan pada media 10 L, tetapi tidak berbeda nyata dengan pada media tanam 20 L, kecuali jumlah daun. Tinggi tanaman, volume akar dan kandungan N daun tanaman pamelo pada media arang sekam : tanah relatif lebih besar dibandingkan dengan pada media arang sekam : cocopeat. Media tanam arang sekam : cocopeat memiliki kandungan N, C, nisbah C/N, bahan organik, K2O dan nilai tukar kation lebih tinggi, tetapi kadar air, bobot isi dan bobot jenis lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan media tanam lain. Dengan demikian, komposisi media tanam yang paling sesuai untuk tanaman pamelo adalah arang sekam : tanah dan volume media tanam 20 L masih sesuai untuk tanaman pamelo hingga 24 MST (minggu setelah tanam).Kata kunci: arang sekam, cocopeat, kandungan N dan P daun, volume akar
Produksi Biomassa dan Minyak Atsiri Kemangi (Ocimum basilicum L.) pada Berbagai Dosis Pupuk Nitrogen dan Pupuk Cair Hayati
Authors: Kartika Juang G. , Suketi Ketty , Mayasari Nilam
Published: March 2018

ABSTRACTBasil (Ocimum basilicum L.) is one of essential oil producers. Essential oil price fluctuates, one of the reasons is because of inappropriate cultivation which vary the supply. The research was conducted to determine the best rate of nitrogen fertilizer and the effect of biological liquid fertilizer on the essential oil production of basil. The experiment was arranged in Randomized Complete Block Design with two factors. The first factor was three levels of nitrogen rate: 0, 22.5, and 45 kg ha-1 and the second factor was two levels of biological liquid fertilizer rate; 0 and 2 L ha-1 for three replications of each treatment. Nitrogen increased the number of branches, flowers, and leaf length variables. Nitrogen rate of 22.5 kg ha-1 gave a higher economic value on the basil of essential oil production. Biological liquid fertilizer increased the height and number of basil leaves variables, but it was not impacted the yield and essential oil of basil.Keywords: branches, distillation, fertilization, yieldABSTRAKKemangi (Ocimum basilicum L.) merupakan salah satu sumber penghasil minyak atsiri. Harga minyak atsiri yang fluktuatif, salah satunya disebabkan budidaya yang belum tepat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan dosis pupuk nitrogen terbaik dan mempelajari pengaruh pupuk cair hayati terhadap produksi minyak atsiri pada tanaman kemangi. Percobaan penelitian disusun dalam Rancangan Kelompok Lengkap Teracak terdiri dari dua faktor yaitu faktor pertama perlakuan dosis nitrogen 3 taraf; 0, 22.5, dan 45 kg ha-1 dan faktor kedua perlakuan dosis pupuk cair hayati 2 taraf; 0 dan 2 L ha-1 dalam 3 ulangan masing-masing perlakuan. Secara tunggal nitrogen meningkatkan peubah jumlah cabang sekunder, jumlah bunga dan panjang daun. Nitrogen dengan dosis 22.5 kg ha-1 memiliki nilai ekonomi lebih tinggi pada produksi minyak atsiri kemangi. Pengaruh pupuk cair hayati meningkatkan peubah tinggi dan jumlah daun kemangi. Pupuk cair hayati tidak mempengaruhi rendemen dan produksi minyak atsiri kemangi.Kata kunci: bobot, destilasi, pemupukan, rendemen
Potensi Khamir sebagai Agens Pengendalian Hayati Colletotrichum capsici, Cendawan Penyebab Antraknosa pada Buah Cabai
Authors: Dharmaputra Okky Setyawati , Sudirman Lisdar I. , Misnawati Maria M.
Published: March 2018

ABSTRACTAntrachnose on chilli fruit caused by Colletotrichum capsici can reduce yield and quality of chilli fruit. Biological control agent can be used as an alternative to control C. capsici. Yeast is one of biological control agent which is potential to control the pathogen. This study was aimed at testing antagonistic potential of yeast on fruits and vegetables against C. capsici. Twenty two yeast isolates were isolated from banana, rambutan, red chilli, tomato, and eggplant fruits. Screening for antagonistic yeast using well test showed that 5 isolates of yeast (CMM-1, CMM-3, CMM-4, TMM-1, and EMM-11) completely inhibited the growth of C. capsici. Based on the result of biocontrol assay of the pathogen in vivo, four yeast isolates (CMM-3, CMM-4, TMM-1, and EMM-11) completely inhibited C. capsici in vivo. Identification using morphological and molecular characteristics showed that these four yeast isolates were Issatchenkia orientalis.Keywords: antagonistic yeast, antrachnose, biocontrol, Issatchenkia orientalis ABSTRAK Antraknosa pada buah cabai yang disebabkan oleh Colletotrichum capsici dapat menyebabkan penurunan produksi dan kualitas buah cabai. Penggunaan agens pengendalian hayati dapat menjadi salah satu alternatif untuk mengendalikan C. capsici. Khamir merupakan salah satu agens pengendalian hayati yang berpotensi mengendalikan C. capsici. Penelitian ini bertujuan menguji potensi antagonistik khamir pada buah-buahan dan sayuran terhadap C. capsici. Sebanyak 22 isolat khamir diisolasi dari buah rambutan, pisang, cabai merah besar, tomat, dan terung ungu. Seleksi khamir antagonis menggunakan uji sumur diperoleh sebanyak 5 isolat khamir, yaitu isolat CMM-1, CMM-3, CMM-4, TMM-1, dan EMM-11 menghambat total pertumbuhan C. capsici. Isolat CMM-3, CMM-4, TMM-1, dan EMM-11 menghambat total pertumbuhan C. capsici in vivo. Berdasarkan hasil identifikasi secara morfologi dan molekuler, isolat CMM-3, CMM-4, TMM-1, dan EMM-11 adalah Issatchenkia orientalis.Kata kunci: antraknosa, Issatchenkia orientalis, khamir antagonis, pengendalian hayati
Peningkatan Kualitas Biourin Sapi dengan Penambahan Pupuk Hayati dan Molase serta Pengaruhnya terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Produktivitas Pakchoy
Authors: Nuraini Yulia , Eka Asgianingrum Rurin
Published: March 2018

ABSTRACT The use of inorganic fertilizers to increase crop productivity can be suppressed by switching it to organic fertilizers. The abundance of cow urine waste can be used as organic fertilizer and to be used as biourine. This study was aimed at determining the effect of biofertilizers and molasses toward biourine quality and its effect on productivity of pakchoy. This research was conducted in UPT Compost Brawijaya University, and glasshouses in Sukapura Village, Probolinggo in August to November 2016. This research consisted of two steps. First production of biourine with the addition of organic material such as molasses, biofertilizers, and empon-empon namely turmeric, galangal, and Kaempferia galanga, which consists of 12 treatments with 3 replications arranged in a completely randomized design, and application of biourine on pakchoy consisting of 6 treatments (control, doses of 200, 300, 400, 500, and 600 ml L-1) with three replications. The results of first step showed E1 treatment (10 L biourine + 30 ml + 750 ml molasses) can improve N-total 860%, organic matter 282%, and population of microbe 1229%. The best biourine in first research (E1 treatment) was applied with dose 600 ml L-1 showed the best result. It showed to increase the number of leaves as much as 48% and the fresh weight of pakchoy by 405% when compared to no biourine treatment.Keywords: biofertilizer, inceptisols, soil health, and population of microbe ABSTRAK Penggunaan pupuk anorganik untuk meningkatkan produktivitas tanaman dapat ditekan dengan beralih menggunakan pupuk organik. Melimpahnya limbah urin sapi dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai pupuk organik dengan dijadikan biourin. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penambahan pupuk hayati dan molase terhadap kualitas biourin dan pengaruhnya terhadap produktivitas pakchoy. Penelitian dilakukan di UPT Kompos Universitas Brawijaya, dan rumah kaca di Desa Sukapura, Probolinggo pada bulan Agustus sampai Nopember 2016. Penelitian dilakukan dalam 2 tahap, pertama pembuatan biourin dengan penambahan bahan organik berupa molase, pupuk hayati, dan empon-empon (kunyit, lengkuas, dan kencur) yang terdiri dari 12 taraf perlakuan dengan 3 ulangan pada Rancangan Acak Lengkap, dan kedua pengaplikasian biourin pada tanaman pakchoy yang terdiri dari 6 taraf perlakuan (kontrol, dosis 200, 300, 400, 500, dan 600 ml L-1) dengan 3 kali ulangan. Hasil penelitian tahap pertama menujukkan perlakuan E1 (10 L urin + 30ml pupuk hayati + 750ml molase) mampu meningkatkan N-total 860%, bahan organik 282%, dan populasi mikroba sebesar 1229%. Aplikasi biourin terbaik pada penelitian tahap 1 (perlakuan E1) dengan dosis 600 ml L-1 pada tanaman pakchoy menunjukkan hasil terbaik, ditunjukkan dengan meningkatnya jumlah daun sebanyak 48% dan bobot basah tanaman sebesar 405% jika dibandingkan tanpa pemberian biourin.Kata kunci: inceptisol, kesuburan tanah, mikroba, dan pupuk organik cair
Contenido mineral y tamizaje fitoquímico en Physalis chenopodifolia Lam. en condiciones de desarrollo
Authors: Salcedo-Pérez Eduardo , Arvizu María De Lourdes , Vargas-Radillo José De Jesús , Vargas-Ponce Ofelia , Bernabe-Antonio Antonio , Barrientos-Ramírez Lucía
Published: March 2018

Dada su riqueza forestal, México cuenta con numerosas especies silvestres del género Physalis (Solanaceae) que poseen potencial para su aprovechamiento, desde el punto de vista fitoquímico; además tiene importantes propiedades medicinales. Physalis chenopodifolia es una de ellas. Taxon de amplia presencia en el territorio nacional, pero poco estudiado. Por este motivo, el objetivo del presente trabajo fue la caracterización mineral y el tamizaje fitoquimico del fruto y las hojas (follaje) de especímenes recolectados en condiciones silvestres y en plantas cultivadas bajo condiciones controladas. Se determinó mayor contenido de minerales en las muestras procedentes de cultivo. En el fruto: K y Mn, principalmente, y en hoja: K, N, Mn y Fe. Respecto al perfil fitoquímico, la mayor variedad de compuestos biológicos correspondió al tallo y hojas; los solventes acuosos e hidroalcóholicos fueron los medios de extracción más eficientes. Los metabolitos con mayor presencia resultaron ser los esteroides/terpenos, fenoles y flavonoides, los cuales se determinaron de forma cualitativa. La experiencia en el manejo agronómico y tecnficado de Physalis chenopodifolia en diversas regiones permite establecer que se trata de una planta de fácil incorporación al cultivo y constituye una fuente potencial de metabolitos de interés alimentario y biomédico, lo que la hace una especie forestal no maderable relevante.
ANALISIS KOMPOSISI SERBUK GERGAJI TERHADAP KONDUKTIVITAS HIDROLIK PIPA MORTARI IRIGASI TETES BAWAH PERMUKAAN TANAH (Analysis of Sawdust Ratio on Hydraulic Conductivity in Subsurface Mortari Pipe of Drip Irrigation )
Authors: Ariandi Lalu Muhammad , Mahardhian Dwi Putra Guyup , Abdullah Sirajuddin Haji
Published: March 2018

Mortari emitter of sawdust (SG) can solve problem faced by farmers in dryland on irrigating their land. Aim of this research was to design an emitter by determining its mixture ratio and thickness. This research used experimental method by conducting experiment in laboratory. Observed parameters to determine water discharge were flow velocity, hydraulic conductivity value, coefficient of variation, and coefficient of uniformity. Ratio of cement, sand and sawdust to made sawdust (SG) mortari emitter were varied, i.e. P1 (1:2:2); P2 (2:1:3); P3 (2:4:4); P4 (2:2:2); and P5 (2:3:1). Result showed that the hydraulic conductivity could be classified as very low since K < 0.0036 cm/hour. The water discharge, flow velocity, and coefficient of uniformity were decreased in every reservoir elevation. Sawdust (SG) mortar emitter of P5 had the highest seeping ability and P3 had the lowest. The coefficient of uniformity (CU) value was 78,74%-80.64%. The use of Sawdust (SG) mortar emitter can be adjusted to the water discharge required by any plant type. The P3 emitter is suitable for plant which requires low water discharge and the P5 emitter is suitable for the high one.

Keywords: water discharge, SG mortar emitter, hydraulic conductivity

 

ABSTRAK

Emiter mortari serbuk gergaji (SG) dapat memecahkan masalah yang dihadapi para petani lahan kering dalam mengairi lahannya. Tujuan dilakukan penelitian ini adalah dapat merancang sebuah emiter dengan menentukan komposisi dan ketebalan emiter. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode eksperimental dengan percobaan laboratorium. Parameter untuk menjawab tujuan penelitian adalah mencari nilai debit aliran yang dapat dihasilkan emiter mortari SG dengan menentukan kecepatan aliran, nilai konduktivitas hidrolik, koefisien variasi dan koefisien keseragaman. Emiter mortari SG dalam pengujian dilakukan dengan mencampurkan semen, pasir, dan serbuk gergaji masing-masing dengan 5 perbandingan, yaitu P1 (1:2:2); P2 (2:1:3); P3 (2:4:4); P4 (2:2:2); dan P5 (2:3:1). Nilai konduktivitas hidrolik didapatkan hasil pengkelasan dalam kategori sangat rendah karena memiliki nilai K<0,0036 cm/jam. Debit aliran, kecepatan aliran, dan koefisien keseragaman mengalami penurunan setiap ketinggian reservoir. Dimana emiter mortari SG dengan perlakuan P5 memiliki kemampuan merembeskan air dengan nilai tertinggi dan P3 pada emiter dengan kemampuan terendah. Nilai koefisien keseragaman pada emiter mortari SG terdapat keragaman dengan nilai CU sebesar 78,74%-80,64 %. Penggunaan emiter mortari SG dapat disesuaikan dengan jumlah kebutuhan debit air yang dibutuhkan oleh jenis tanaman. Emiter P3 baik digunakan pada tanaman dengan debit air rendah dan emiter P5 baik untuk tanaman dengan debit air tinggi.

Kata kunci: debit aliran, emiter mortari SG, konduktivitas hidrolik
Acolchados plásticos para la producción de maíz (Zea mays L.) forrajero en la Comarca Lagunera
Authors: Montemayor Trejo José Alfredo , Suárez González Edith , Munguía López Juan Plutarco , Segura Castruita Miguel Ángel , Mendoza Villarreal Rosalinda , Woo Reza José Luis
Published: March 2018

En la Comarca Lagunera que comprende parte de los estados de Coahuila y Durango, México. Se ubica la principal cuenca lechera del país. Por lo tanto, el establecimiento de cultivos forrajeros ejerce la mayor presión para la explotación de los recursos hídricos en esta región. Lo anterior, genera la necesidad constante de adaptar y modificar los sistemas de producción actual. El objetivo de esta investigación fue evaluar la producción de maíz forrajero mediante el uso de plásticos acolchados en un sistema de riego con cintilla. Se evaluaron tres colores de acolchado: blanco, plata, negro y como testigo el suelo sin acolchar en un diseño de bloques con arreglo en franjas. El trabajo se desarrolló en la pequeña propiedad Esmeralda en el municipio de Gómez Palacio, Durango. En el ciclo primavera-verano de 2012. Las variables evaluadas fueron: altura de planta, diámetro de tallo, diámetro y longitud de elote, peso fresco y seco de planta e índice de área foliar (IAF). Los resultados obtenidos muestran que no hubo diferencia significativa (p≤ 0.05) entre los colores de acolchado para la producción de materia seca, pero si hubo diferencia con respecto al suelo sin acolchar. Se obtuvo un modelo de crecimiento del IAF en función de los días después de siembra tipo cuadrático Yca= -0.002X2 + 0.294X -5.8183, R2= 0.97 para acolchado y Ysa= -0.0017X2 + 0.259X -5.503, R2= 0.94 sin acolchar y un modelo de producción de materia seca en función del IAF de tipo lineal Yca= 86.295X -110.84, R2= 0.92 y Ysa= 65.761X -55.764, R2= 0.91 ambos para el sistema con y sin acolchado. Se concluye que la utilización de acolchados plásticos para la producción de maíz forrajero incremento los rendimientos hasta 25% más con respecto al sistema sin acolchar.
Biofortificación de frijol caupí (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp) con zinc: efecto en el rendimiento y contenido mineral
Authors: Estrada Domínguez Verónica , Márquez Quiroz César , De la Cruz Lázaro Efraín , Osorio Osorio Rodolfo , Sánchez Chávez Esteban
Published: March 2018

El zinc es un elemento esencial en los sistemas biológicos, que se requiere en pequeñas cantidades. El objetivo, fue conocer el efecto de la aplicación foliar de las dosis de 0, 7, 14 y 28 mM L-1 de quelato (Zn-EDTA) y sulfato de zinc (ZnSO4) en el rendimiento y contenido mineral de frijol caupí (Vigna unguiculata L.). En planta se contabilizaron los días a floración, peso de grano, número de vainas y número de granos por planta, además del peso de 100 granos, mientras que en los granos se determinó el contenido de proteína cruda total, nitrógeno, fósforo, potasio, calcio, magnesio, hierro, zinc, boro, manganeso, cobre y molibdeno. Con las dosis de 7, 14 y 28 mM L-1 de Zn-EDTA se incrementó el rendimiento de grano por planta con respecto al testigo en un 53.29, 41.58 y 38.42%, respectivamente, mientras que con las mismas dosis de ZnSO4 el incremento fue de 27.80, 32.09 y 16.83%, respectivamente. Los mayores contenidos de nitrógeno, proteína cruda, fósforo, potasio, calcio, hierro, manganeso y cobre se tuvieron con las dosis de 7 y 14 mM L-1 de Zn-EDTA. Mientras que los mayores contenidos de zinc, boro, molibdeno y magnesio se tuvieron con las dosis de ZnSO4, observándose que el contenido de zinc incrementa de forma proporcional con el incremento de la dosis. La adición de diferentes dosis de Zn-EDTA y ZnSO4 para la biofortificación del frijol caupí, tiene efecto en el rendimiento de grano, contenido de proteína cruda y contenido mineral.
Cultura emotiva e moralidade: sobre a amizade e suas vulnerabilidades
Authors: Koury Mauro Guilherme Pinheiro
Published: March 2018

Este ensaio tem como objetivo principal discutir a amizade nas sociedades complexas, no caso trabalhado, entre entrevistados das 26 capitais de estados brasileiros e do distrito federal, a partir das vulnerabilidades a que estão expostas as relações entre indivíduos que se dizem amigos, no cotidiano. Na análise das vulnerabilidades na relação entre amigos busco compreender o porquê de algumas chegarem ao fim. Em um primeiro momento, tento estabelecer uma relação aproximativa entre apaixonamento, amor e amizade, para discutir adiante as relações sociais e morais produzidas em um processo de amizade, e do amor entre amigos, e as vulnerabilidades que problematizam, complexificam e tensionam algumas relações e levam outras a um fim. A análise está recheada de comentários retirados de entrevistas dispersas, realizadas ao longo de vários anos (entre 1995 a 2015) em todas as capitais de estados brasileiros e do distrito federal, e que alegam a existência de amizades tão intensas que sentidas como eternas, ou desejadas que assim pareçam. Tento compreender o sobressalto de alguns entrevistados quando, tendo eles experimentado amizades longas, de repente, um dia, estes relacionais se estranham e tudo o que construíram juntos perde ou parece perder o sentido, e chega ao fim. Palavras-chave: amizades, vulnerabilidade, cultura emotiva, moralidade.
Imagem e reafirmação da identidade: a fotografia como linguagem na Antropologia
Authors: Junior Carlos de Matos Bandeira
Published: March 2018

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O vento e o arpão ou as regras do jogo: A pesca artesanal do pirarucu na ilha de São Miguel, Santarém-Pa
Authors: Ferreira Roberth Rodrigues
Published: March 2018

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SISTEM PERAMALAN PENJUALAN PRODUK USAHA KECIL MENENGAH BERDASARKAN POLA DATA RIWAYAT PENJUALAN
Authors: Kusuma Abdi Pandu , Santi Indyah Hartami , Setiawan Dennys
Published: March 2018

Peramalan merupakan bagian dari sistem informasi manajemen yang dapat membantu pemilik perusahaan dalam pengambilan keputusan. Peramalan dapatberfungsi untuk memperkirakan penjualan dan penggunaan produk sehingga produk-produk itu dapat dibuat dalam kuantitas yang tepat. Proses peramalan memerlukan suatu metode yang tepat bergantung dari pola data yang ada dan informasi yang akan diramalkan serta tujuan yang hendak dicapai. Penelitian ini membahas tentang penerapan metode peramalan yang tepat pada suatu perusahaan sesuai dengan pola data yang ada. Metode peramalan yang digunakan adalah metode Trend Projection dan Double Exponential Smoothing. Metode peramalan Trend Projection lebih akurat apabila pola data yang ada pada perusahaan adalah pola data horizontal, sedangkan metode peramalan Double Exponential Smoothing akan lebih akurat apabila pola data yang ada pada perusahaan adalah pola data musiman.Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini merupakan data penjualan produk UD Omah Jenang Kelapa Sari dari bulan Januari tahun 2013 sampai dengan bulan Juli tahun 2017. Berdasarkan hasil analisis dan pengujian sistem, sistem ini dapat membantu pemilik perusahaan dalam meramalkan penjualan produk pada periode bulan berikutnya sehingga dapat digunakan sebagai pendukung keputusan dalam merencanakan produksi setiap bulannya.
SISTEM CERDAS PENENTUAN REKOMENDASI PEMILIHAN JALUR ANGKOT KOTA MALANG
Authors: Nurhasan Usman , Amalia Eka Larasati , Astuti Elly Setyo
Published: March 2018

Penelitian ini mendiskusikan penerapan Struktur Diskrit, khususnya Graf, untuk menentukan jalur tercepat bagi transportasi umum Angkutan Kota (angkot). Jalur tercepat adalah jalur dengan jeda keterlambatan (latency) terkecil diantara dua node. Ada berbagai cara untuk menemukan jalur tercepat, namun tujuannya tetap sama yaitu untuk menemukan waktu perjalanan yang terpendek. Penelitian ini menerepkan metode A* untuk mencari jalur tercepat. Metode ini digunakan karena sederhana dan dapat mengakomodasi perhitungan dengan satu variabel, seperti jarak. Aplikasi yang dihasilkan dalam penelitian ini akan sangat berguna bagi pengguna transportasi umum.
ISLAMIC GOVERNANCE IN ISLAMIC SCHOOL FINANCE
Authors: Hamid Ahmad Munir
Published: March 2018

The purpose of this study is to analyze the concept of Islamic finance governance which includes the principles among others; tauhid, taqwa and ridho, equilibrium (balance and justice), benefit, transparency, responsibility (responsibility) and independence.  This research uses descriptive qualitative method using literature approach (literature), either in the form of books, notes, or research result report, from previous researcher. The literature used in this research is books, journals, theses, and articles related to Good Corporate Governance in Islamic perspective and its application to sharia banking in the world.Islam has a much more complete and more comprehensive concept and akhlaqulkarimah and ketaqwaan to Allah SWT is a solid wall not to get mired in illegal practices and dishonest in accepting the mandate. Principles of Islamic Governance (IG) after going through the process of analysis and data processing there are nine interrelated principles, the principles are derived kalamullah and rasulullah who can answer from some corruption crime to efforts in improving efficiency, competitiveness and product innovation and sharia banking services.
PERMASALAHAN PENDIDIKAN DASAR DAN PENDIDIKAN ANAK USIA DINI
Authors: Siswanto Hadi
Published: March 2018

A nine-year compulsory learning in Indonesia is a major program for all children. However, several problems seem to be unsolved as the focus of the is bias.  This paper describes the role of basic education and its drawbacks.  The limitation arises from management and restricts conditions where teachers and facilities are in trivialities.  Basic education in Indonesia is now developing and three kinds of institution exist at present:  Elementary School,  Islamic School, and Boarding School.  The institutions are basic model of Indonesian elementary school, but they receive different treatments.
STRESS MANAGEMENT FOR TEACHERS: REFLECTION ON SCHOOL’S DAILY ACTIVITIES
Authors: Siswanto Hadi
Published: March 2018

This paper describes common features of stress for employers and specific problems faced by teachers. The focus of the discussion includes stress definition, various factors cause teacher stress, and the effect of stress for the teacher. After understanding all about stress and indication, it is hoped that teacher will be able to identify and diagnose it. The way how to anticipate and cope with the stress is discussed in this paper.
KEEFEKTIFAN PENERAPAN PADUAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN PROBLEM SOLVING DAN KOOPERATIF TIPE STAD UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR DAN KEMAMPUAN BERPIKIR KRITIS SISWA SMA KELAS XI IPA
Authors: Sulistiana Devita
Published: March 2018

The objective of this study is to see effectiveness of problem solving and cooperative learning model in teaching sciences for SMA students, implementing quasy experiment posttest only. The study assigned three groups of students: 42 for problem solving treatments, another 42 for cooperative STAD, and 39 for integration of problem solving-cooperative of STAD. Instrument of the study consisted of observation guide, essay test, and questionnaire. This study discovered: (1) Students who were taught using cooperative problem solving model achieved better attainment than those who received individual problem solving model. (2) Students using critical thinking in the problem solving model performed worse than those who received cooperative-model of STAD type. (3) Implementation of  problem solving-cooperative model of STAD type gives better achievement than cooperative of STAD type.
PERILAKU PRONOMINA PERSONA /ITE/ UNTUK MENYATAKAN ASPEK DAN KEPEMILIKAN DALAM STRUKTUR KALIMAT BAHASA SASAK MASBAGIK
Authors: Agustina Hani
Published: March 2018

This study focuses on the behavior of pronouns persona /te/ to express aspects and possessions in the structure of the Masbagic sasak language sentence. This research is descriptive conducted solely based on the facts that exist or the phenomenon that empirically live on the speakers. Researchers describe the data contained in the systematic data related to the problems studied. Data collection referred to the technique of lively cognate and recording techniques. Data were analyzed using intralingual pad method, presenting the result on informal method. The results are pronomina persone has a clitic form of proclitik te- and enclitik -te. When the pronominal persona of the proclical form meets with the verb it will express an aspect and there will be phoneme changes in the verb. When the pronouns persona of the enclosed form meets the nouns it will declare an ownership that there will be an addition of phoneme /n/ if the word attached ends in the vowel and there is no phoneme change in the noun attached if the consonant ends.
PEMEROLEHAN BAHASA INDONESIA PADA ANAK USIA 0-2 TAHUN: KAJIAN PSIKOLINGUISTIK
Authors: Andini Hollysa
Published: March 2018

This research examines the process of acquiring bahasa Indonesia for the 0-2 years old children in term of phonology and morphology. The research was conducted in one housing resort in Rancak city, the district of Praya, central Lombok namely BTN Pujawan Permai. The reason is that because the people living in this housing resort come from variety of places. In collecting data the researcher applied theory of psycholinguistic using field notes and interview the subjects.  The results are as follows: First, phonologically, the 0-2 years old children are still not able to pronounce some phones clearly such as the fricative consonant [r] which they are changed into lateral consonant [l]. Second, morphologically, children are able to use nouns, adjectives, verbs and some simple phrases correctly event their pronunciation is still not very clear.
Outcome of Thyroid Surgeries at Patan Hospital
Authors: Yadav Deepak , Dangol Bhawana , GC Anita , Shrestha Namita , Devkota Ishwor Raj , Nepal Ajit
Published: March 2018

Objective: To assess the outcome of thyroid surgeries at Patan HospitalMaterials and Methods: It is a retrospective study of in-patient records of patients undergoing thyroid surgeries for various indications from April 2013 to January 2015 at Patan Hospital, Lalitpur.Results: During the period of 21 months, 75 patients underwent thyroid surgeries. Majority of patients underwent hemithyroidectomy (35) followed by total thyroidectomy (28), subtotal thyroidectomy (7) and completion thyroidectomy (5). Out of 28 patients undergoing total thyroidectomy (TT), 11 underwent central compartment clearance (CCC), 5 underwent CCC and lateral neck dissection. Among 5 patients undergoing completion thyroidectomy, CCC was performed in all cases and in one patient lateral neck dissection was also performed.  A total of 13 patients developed unilateral recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy (RLN), among them 5 had permanent palsy. Tracheostomy had to be done in immediate postoperative period for stridor following total thyroidectomy (TT) in one case. Temporary hypocalcaemia was observed in 10 (10/28) cases following TT, out of which 8 had undergone CCC. Permanent hypocalcaemia was observed in 7 (7/28) cases following TT out of which 3 had undergone CCC. Chylous leak occurred in one of the patient undergoing left level II-IV neck dissection which was managed conservatively. None of the patient had to be transfused postoperatively.Conclusion: Complications to thyroid surgery are not uncommon. Visualization of recurrent laryngeal nerve alone in our context is adequate in experienced hands. Identification of parathyroid during thyroidectomy is recommended to avoid hypocalcaemia. Meticulous dissection can reduce the complications.Nepalese Journal of ENT Head and Neck Surgery, Vol. 6, No. 1, 2015
Contratto di viaggio e non risarcibilità del danno per lievi disservizi
Authors: Cocuccio Mariafrancesca
Published: March 2018

Con la sentenza in commento, la Corte d'Appello di Bologna ha affrontato la questione della responsabilità del tour operator e del danno da vacanza rovinata, stabilendo che il relativo risarcimento implica la necessità di superare un certo grado di offensività, dimostrato dalla gravità del lesione. La gravità del danno e il rigore del filtro del danno riducono l'equilibrio tra il principio di solidarietà nei confronti della vittima e quello di tolleranza, con la conseguenza che il risarcimento del danno morale è dovuto solo se il livello di tolleranza è superato e il danno non è di poco conto
Osservatorio tributario: legislazione, giurisprudenza e prassi
Authors: del Federico Lorenzo
Published: March 2018

L'osservatorio tributario nazionale presenta i provvedimenti di legge, le decisioni giurisprudenziali e le prassi maggiormente significativi del periodo di riferimento, riportando un breve commento a corredo dei testi pubblicati
Related parties disclosure: Is a risk-based approach more effective?
Authors: Bava Fabrizio , di Trana Melchior Gromis , Busso Donatella , Pisoni Piero
Published: March 2018

Following recent corporate scandals increased attention has been paid to Relat-ed Party Transactions (RPTs), since they have often played a central role in abuses and frauds. Regulators have consequently been obliged to strengthen current regu-lations, introducing new bans and requirements aimed at guaranteeing the substantial and economic fairness of RPTs and a proper level of transparency. This reaction is due to the high inherent risk of these transactions and because companies in crisis tend to resort to this type of operation. In Italy, the regulations on RPTs were completely revamped in 2010. The material RPTs that have to be disclosed through an ad hoc communication were defined by former regulations through qualitative criteria, whereas now a quantitative approach is used in order to reduce subjectivity. The initial results of the new regulations show that a higher number of RPTs has been disclosed to the market, thus improving transparency, but the effects of RPTs remain unreported in Income Statements. Through an online questionnaire this paper, starting from previous research, in-vestigates potential improvements supported by independent directors involved in the RPT evaluation process. These independent Directors are uniquely placed to shed light on the experience of the initial years of application of the new Regula-tion, which may help lawmakers, after the lengthy initial consultation process, in-evitably influenced by divergent (and non-independent) interests without the bene-fit of the hindsight that is now available. It is to be hoped that lawmakers will take note of these results and fine-tune the regulations accordingly, without necessarily abandoning the quantitative approach, in order to increase the transparency of the information made available on RPTs.
"Lo Specchio Velato". La ricerca del Ser.D. di Orbassano sul fenomeno della complessità socio-sanitaria adolescenziale
Authors: Anzillotti Sabrina , Faro Giuseppe , Morè Carola
Published: March 2018

Nel nostro Ser.D., in linea con il trend registrato in Italia, si rileva un progressivo aumento degli accessi di adolescenti già "complessi" (policonsumo di sostanze psicoattive, comportamenti devianti, aggressivi e di rottura con il contesto familiare ed educativo di riferimento). Sono altresì presenti componenti di malessere più profondo, che coinvolgono anche la sfera del disagio psichico, affettivo e relazionale. Gli adolescenti "complessi" sono resistenti ad affidarsi ai servizi, ai familiari e agli operatori. Infatti, si registrano problemi legati al rispecchiamento positivo e alla capacità di innescare meccanismi di risonanza con l'"altro", rendendo laboriosi sia l'aggancio, sia la ritenzione in trattamento, soprattutto laddove la presa in carico è frammentata e multipla. La pratica clinica suggerisce l'importanza della presa in carico globale e multidimensionale e la necessità di creare un virtuoso circuito del sistema di continuità delle cure per gli adolescenti "complessi" che transitano dalla minore alla maggiore età, i quali spesso percepiscono attorno a loro un "vuoto assistenziale" da parte dei sevizi deputati al loro sostegno.La ricerca (settembre 2015-Dicembre 2016) ha consentito di osservare e analizzare come la "complessità socio-sanitaria" ha influito sulla gestione clinica e operativa dei casi all'interno di un determinato servizio e come questo si sia organizzato al fine di fornire risposte pertinenti ed efficaci ai nuovi bisogni emergenti.
Carcere e clinica delle dipendenze. Quali le sfide da affrontare per mantenere terapeutico un sistema di cura?
Authors: Bignamini Emanuele , Zazza Sara , Ierardi Loredana , Teta Enrico
Published: March 2018

La comunità a custodia attenuata "Arcobaleno" della Casa Circondariale "Lorusso e Cutugno" di Torino ospita circa 80 pazienti con diagnosi di disturbi da uso di sostanze valutati in grado di sostenere il programma terapeutico comunitario. Se la persona reclusa è, per l'Amministrazione Penitenziaria, un detenuto, ovvero un soggetto reo di colpe da scontare e che va controllato e rieducato, per il Servizio Sanitario è una persona che richiede un trattamento articolato, sanitario e psicosocioeducativo. Questa differenza di sguardo porta a mettere in atto stili "trattamentali" o "terapeutici" diversi e reciprocamente influenzantesi  con rischi consistenti e poco controllabili (certamente non controllabili in tempo reale e senza costi) che integrano, oltre alle positività,  anche le diverse problematiche, sempre presenti in ognuno degli approcci. I pazienti gravi, a volte al limite della trattabilità, come quelli presenti nel contesto carcerario, investono massicciamente tutti coloro che si prendono cura di loro (operatori sanitari e agenti di custodia) di sentimenti di perdita, impotenza e invidia, costringendo gli operatori a un lavoro di elaborazione continua di queste emozioni. Come può il trattamento clinico coniugarsi con le condizioni dettate dal sistema penitenziario? A partire dall'analisi delle dinamiche relazionali e contestuali che si creano in una comunità detentiva, gli autori forniscono una prima risposta a tale quesito.
Freud, la pulsione aggressiva e la legge
Authors: Eagle Morris N.
Published: March 2018

Viene discussa la concezione freudiana della legge come messa in atto di violenza collettiva su un individuo che la infrange. Vengono esaminate le implicazioni del legame tra il Super-Io (come fonte del giudizio morale) e la pulsione aggressiva, e suggerito che occorre fare sempre attenzione al pericolo che la legge venga usata come modalità mascherata per trarre piacere dalla violenza collettiva. Viene discussa anche la concezione freudiana della responsabilità personale secondo la quale noi siamo responsabili di tutto il nostro comportamento, anche se ha una motivazione inconscia (come negli atti mancati e nei sogni). Però il tipo di responsabilità cui si riferiva Freud non è la responsabilità morale di colpevolezza o innocenza, ma la responsabilità nel senso che tutto il nostro comportamento, in modo consapevole o meno, riflette i nostri desideri e le nostre motivazioni.
«Se mi ascolti e mi credi». In ricordo di Giorgio Antonucci (1933-2017). Nota introduttiva
Authors: Antonucci Giorgio
Published: March 2018

Dopo un nota introduttiva di Eugenia Omodei Zorini - in cui viene presentata la figura di Giorgio Antonucci (1933-2017), psichiatra di Firenze che fu attivamente impegnato, accanto a Franco Basaglia, nella lotta per i diritti umani dei malati mentali e nella lotta antimanicomiale in Italia - vengono ripubblicati un breve scritto di Giorgio Antonucci e la poesia iniziale della sua raccolta "Sono nata sotto un sole nero (Giulia)", che uscirono nel n. 2/1974 di Psicoterapia e Scienze Umane.
Tracce. Sogno e telepatia. Continuità e discontinuità della ricerca psicoanalitica
Authors: Galli Pier Francesco , Merini Alberto , Bolko Marianna
Published: March 2018

Dopo aver ricordato la posizione di Freud sui fenomeni di percezione extra-sensoriale (Extra-Sensory Perception [ESP]) e i contrasti con Ernest Jones, vengono discusse le "resistenze" esplicite di Freud e di altri psicoanalisti nel lavorare su questi fenomeni e la tendenza generale a ignorarli. Poiché il sogno rappresenta il luogo privilegiato dei fenomeni ESP in psicoanalisi, vengono riportati quattro sogni di persone in analisi riferiti da Emilio Servadio, Alessandro Calvesi, Loredana Micati Zecca ed Elvio Fachinelli. I sogni segnalano che il paziente è venuto a conoscenza di avvenimenti della vita dell'analista non attraverso i consueti canali percettivi, ma probabilmente per via ESP. Vengono discussi questi quattro sogni e il rapporto fra sogno e fenomeni ESP.