bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Vegetative rescue of Camu-Camu from epicormic sprouts of detached branches
Authors: Lima Natália Neves de , Ferreira Sidney Alberto do Nascimento , Conceição Jônathan Brito Fontoura
Published: July 2020

Abstract The cloning of camu-camu by cuttings has shown distinct and sometimes controversial results. The use of juvenile materials has been indicated for difficult rooting species. Thus, this work aimed to evaluate the emission of epicormic sprouts in mega-cuttings and cuttings of detached branches, as well as the cloning of camu-camu from these sprouts. The research was developed by conducting four experiments, the first two being related to the emission of epicormic sprouts, while the others referred to the cloning of camu-camu from these sprouts. In experiments evaluating sprout emission, the following factors were studied: mother plant x branch position; mother plant x substrate. In the other tests, using standard cuttings with two pairs of leaves made from epicormic sprouts, the following factors were evaluated: mother plant x cutting type x indolbutyric acid concentration (IBA); mother plant x hydroretentive polymer x environment. The number and speed of sprouts vary depending on the mother plant. IBA has negative influence on cutting and cuttings from the lower portion of sprouts have greater rooting potential than those from the upper portion. Environment with intermittent mist irrigation is more suitable for the propagation of camu-camu by cuttings. Vegetative rescue by means of epicormic sprouts in mega-cuttings and cuttings of detached branches presents potential application for the clonal propagation of camu-camu, requiring improvement in order to increase efficiency.
Productivity and quality of irrigated organic yellow passion fruits in deep planting in Southeastern Amazon
Authors: Francisco Wagner de Moura , Araújo Neto Sebastião Elviro de , Uchôa Thays Lemos , Souza Luís Gustavo de Souza e , Silva Nilciléia Mendes da
Published: July 2020

Abstract The aim of this work was to evaluate the effect of irrigation and deep planting of tall yellow passion fruit seedlings in the organic system on fruit quality and productivity. A randomized complete block design with 2x4 subdivided plots, with 8 treatments and 4 blocks was used, with irrigated and rainfed systems being plots and 4 planting depths (0.20 m, 0.40 m, 0.60 m and 0.80 m) subplots. Seedlings aged 90 days and 2 m in height were used. Before planting, all stem leaves were removed from seedlings to be buried and to IBA at concentration of 4,000 mg kg-1 was applied. The number of fruits per plant, average fruit mass and total productivity and of 1st and 2nd crops, as well as total soluble solids (TSS), total titratable acidity (TTA), ratio (TSS/TTA), commercial and equatorial diameter classification were estimated. Irrigated planting at depths of 0.20 m and 0.40 m was more productive in the first crop, but there was no difference in the total productivity and in the second crop. Neither irrigation nor plant depth altered the chemical quality of fruits and commercial classification.
Canopy replacement used in the evaluation of cupuassu tree genotypes in the state of Pará
Authors: Alves Rafael Moysés , Chaves Saulo Fabrício da Silva , Oliveira Raimundo Parente de , Pedroza Neto Jack Loureiro , Sebbenn Alexandre
Published: July 2020

Abstract This study aimed to use the canopy replacement technique to reduce the field evaluation time and to select promising cupuassu tree clones. The study was carried out under field conditions using fifteen-year-old trees. The crowns were replaced using 16 treatments (clones). The experiment was conducted using randomized blocks design with 18 replicates and one plant per plot, during a period of ten years. The following variables were evaluated: average number of fruits, fruit, seed and pulp production (kg/plant) and symptoms of “witches broom” disease. The data were checked for normality followed by analysis of variance. The results highlighted clones 32, 42, 44, 46, 47, 61, 62, 63 and 64, presenting characteristics such as productivity, tolerance to witches’ broom disease and interesting fruit characteristics. The results demonstrate that the technique was effective in the evaluation of cupuassu tree genotypes, since the clones revealed their potential at early stages after establishment in the field. There was a reduction by at least 30% regarding the time needed to evaluate cupuassu tree genotypes. Five clones (32, 42, 46, 61 and 64) already present the potential to be made available to producers, aimed at replacing the canopy of unproductive trees.
Propagation and initial development in lychee plants
Authors: Paixão Marcus Vinicius Sandoval , Carvalho Almy Junior Cordeiro de , Meireles Robson Celestino , Faria Júnior Hélio Pena de , Oliveira Ednaldo Miranda de
Published: July 2020

Abstract The objective was to evaluate different methods of propagation and initial development of the lychee according to the place of production. The propagation methods were the Forking in seedlings produced in São João de Petrópolis-Santa Teresa and Air Layering in São João de Petrópolis, Santa Teresa-HQ, Colatina and Santa Maria de Jetibá. Each treatment consisted of 50 plants, and the percentage of graft catch, grape pick and transplant to the field was evaluated after three months. The seedlings produced in the different propagation sites were planted in the production field, with a spacing of 5x5 meters, being used as each treatment, 10 seedlings propagated in different places by Air Layering and propagation by forking. The propagation by Air Layering showed a better rate of catch than in grafting by Forking, however the Forking maintained 100% maintenance of the seedlings alive after the harvest. The treatments represented by the Air Layering in Colatina and São João showed the best results, showing that the spreading by Air Layering presents superior results when we use for the propagation, plants produced in places with similar characteristics to the planting site. Propagation by Air Layering is the best method of propagating lychee seedlings. Alporques propagated in the same region where the seedlings produced are definitively planted have greater adaptability and better development in the production field.
Practical recommendations for the safe use of gadolinium in magnetic resonance imaging: a Delphi expert panel study
Authors: Baroni Ronaldo Hueb , Bauab Jr. Tufik , Bittencourt Leonardo Kayat , D’Ippolito Giuseppe , Goldman Suzan Menasce , Hohgraefe Neto Guilherme , Manzella Adonis , Rocha Antonio José , Sonoda Luis Augusto , Takeda Fabio Seichi
Published: July 2020

Abstract Objective: To assess the practical aspects of the use of various gadolinium-based contrast agents (GBCAs) by radiologists. Materials and Methods: Ten experienced radiologists from different regions of Brazil participated in a Delphi panel querying their use of various GBCAs, including linear and macrocyclic classes (1.0 and 0.5 M), in terms of the choice of agent, volume and dosage of the agents, and associated safety concerns. Results: The response rate was 100% for all questions. GBCAs are safe in terms of acute adverse reactions, and nephrogenic systemic fibrosis is rare. The deposition of gadolinium in the brain and other tissues is a concern among the experts. Macrocyclic agents are preferable to linear agents; an injection volume below 0.1 mL/kg of a 1.0 M agent could result in good-quality images with additional long-term safety, but there is no published evidence to support this recommendation. The majority of experts preferred not to administer GBCAs to pregnant patients. Conclusion: When choosing a GBCA, it is important to consider the characteristics of the gadolinium deposition in patient tissues and minimize potential risks. Furthermore, medical education programs are needed to increase the awareness of the potential risks of gadolinium deposition and thus avoid instances of overexposure to the contrast agent.
An initial investigation of serum cytokine levels in patients with gadolinium retention
Authors: Maecker Holden T. , Wang Weiqi , Rosenberg-Hasson Yael , Semelka Richard C. , Hickey Joseph , Koran Lorrin M.
Published: July 2020

Abstract Objective: To determine whether individuals with proposed gadolinium deposition disease (GDD) have elevated serum levels of pro-inflammatory and pro-fibrotic cytokines, and whether specific cytokines are correlated with certain symptoms. Materials and Methods: Twenty-four participants recruited between May 2016 and June 2017 met GDD diagnostic criteria. The 64 control subjects provided serum samples before prophylactic flu vaccination. Serum cytokine levels were obtained with Luminex serum cytokine assay using eBiosciences/Affymetrix human 62-plex kits. Wilcoxon rank-sum tests were performed to assess the difference between the median fluorescence intensity values for the participants and the control group. Generalized linear models were built to evaluate the association between each cytokine of interest and selected participant symptoms. Results: Serum levels of 14 cytokines, including nine pro-inflammatory cytokines, were statistically significantly elevated compared to controls (p ≤ 0.05). Hypotheses regarding pro-fibrotic cytokines and cytokine links to specific symptoms’ intensity were not confirmed. Conclusion: The statistically significantly elevated cytokines may be markers of susceptibility to GDD or agents of symptom induction. These findings suggest that individuals developing symptoms characteristic of GDD after a contrast-assisted magnetic resonance imaging should be studied to investigate whether gadolinium retention and elevated cytokines may be related to their symptoms.
Comparison between STIR and T2-weighted SPAIR sequences in the evaluation of inflammatory sacroiliitis: diagnostic performance and signal-to-noise ratio
Authors: Dalto Vitor Faeda , Assad Rodrigo Luppino , Lorenzato Mario Müller , Crema Michel Daoud , Louzada-Junior Paulo , Nogueira-Barbosa Marcello Henrique
Published: July 2020

Abstract Objective: To compare two different fat-saturated magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques-STIR and T2 SPAIR-in terms of image quality, as well as in terms of their diagnostic performance in detecting sacroiliac joints (SIJ) active inflammation. Materials and Methods: We included 69 consecutive patients with suspected spondyloarthritis undergoing MRI between 2012 and 2014. The signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) was calculated with the method recommended by the American College of Radiology. Two readers evaluated SIJ MRI following ASAS criteria to assess diagnostic performance regarding the detection of active SIJ inflammation. T1 SPIR Gd+ sequence was used as the reference standard. Results: The mean SNR was 72.8 for the T1 SPIR Gd+ sequence, compared with 14.1 and 37.6 for the STIR and T2 SPAIR sequences, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of STIR and SPAIR T2 sequences did not show any statistically significant differences, for the diagnosis of sacroiliitis with active inflammation. Conclusion: Our results corroborate those in the recent literature suggesting that STIR sequences are not superior to T2 SPAIR sequences for SIJ evaluation in patients with suspected spondyloarthritis. On 1.5-T MRI, T2-weighted SPAIR sequences provide better SNRs than do STIR sequences, which reinforces that T2 SPAIR sequences may be an advantageous option for the evaluation of sacroiliitis.
Atenção em saúde mental para adolescentes femininas em Unidades Socioeducativas: dilemas de governança e medicalização
Authors: Silva Paulo Roberto Fagundes da , Gama Fabiana Lozano , Costa Nilson do Rosário
Published: July 2020

RESUMO O trabalho analisa a utilização de medicamentos psicoativos por adolescentes femininas internadas em Unidades Socioeducativas (USEs) no Brasil. Descreve as diretrizes da política pública nacional e a qualidade da coordenação da atenção em saúde mental pelos governos subnacionais. O artigo tem como hipótese que a governança verticalizada da USE está associada à utilização de medicação psicoativa. O modelo da pesquisa foi estudo comparado dos casos do Rio Grande do Sul, Minas Gerais e Rio de Janeiro. Os dados resultaram da coleta em prontuários e entrevistas com informantes-chave. O artigo demonstra que a governança vertical observada no Rio Grande do Sul está associada à alta prevalência de diagnósticos de transtorno mental e ao uso de medicamentos psicoativos pelas adolescentes privadas de liberdade. Na assistência verticalizada no Rio de janeiro, a adoção de um protocolo clínico em que o psiquiatra é o último profissional na linha de cuidado resultou no uso residual de psicofármacos. A despeito da articulação com atenção primária, a utilização de medicação psiquiátrica observada na USE feminina de Minas Gerais não era residual por alcançar 45% das adolescentes custodiadas. As evidências revelam que as sanções de privação de liberdade por atos infracionais podem produzir decisões de medicalização que ameaçam o direito dos adolescentes no campo da saúde. As diretrizes da política nacional incentivam escolhas mais cautelosas. As psicoterapias e as ações de reabilitação são as intervenções de primeira linha defendidas. A adoção da medicação deve incluir a avaliação dos riscos e benefícios. O manejo cuidadoso da intervenção psicofarmacológica pode evitar o excesso de prescrições e a subestimação dos efeitos adversos.
Gestores municipais do Sistema Único de Saúde: perfil e perspectivas para o Ciclo de Gestão 2017-2020
Authors: Ouverney Assis Luiz Mafort , Carvalho André Luís Bonifácio de , Machado Nádia Maria da Silva , Moreira Marcelo Rasga , Ribeiro José Mendes
Published: July 2020

RESUMO Este artigo teve como objetivo analisar o perfil e as percepções dos Secretários Municipais de Saúde (SMS) sobre as perspectivas para o Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) em âmbito nacional, ressaltando as variações apresentadas nas regiões Norte, Nordeste, Centro-Oeste, Sudeste e Sul. Busca-se compreender em que medida a consolidação do SUS tem sido acompanhada da democratização do acesso ao cargo de SMS e da modernização das práticas de gestão pública. Os dados foram coletados com um questionário eletrônico aplicado via web, respondido por 2.313 gestores, no âmbito da Pesquisa Nacional dos Secretários Municipais de Saúde, um estudo nacional, realizado em 26 estados em 2017 e 2018. Os resultados mostram que o cargo de SMS é cada vez mais ocupado por mulheres com pós-graduação, que exercem a função pela primeira vez e com experiência na gestão da atenção primária. Além disso, o estudo ressalta a presença recorrente de limitações estruturais ao aperfeiçoamento da capacidade de gestão local, em especial: a redução do financiamento federal, as dificuldades de acesso a exames e consultas especializadas, a judicialização, o diálogo incipiente com órgãos de controle externo, as insuficiências do papel do gestor estadual no planejamento e na regionalização e a necessidade de formação dos conselheiros municipais de saúde.
Os invisibilizados da cidade: o estigma da População em Situação de Rua no Rio de Janeiro
Authors: Teixeira Mirna Barros , Belmonte Pilar , Engstrom Elyne Montenegro , Lacerda Alda
Published: July 2020

RESUMO Evidencia-se, no Brasil e em outros países da América Latina, o aumento da população de rua, muitos dos quais são usuários de crack. Essa população sofre de estigmas vinculados a uma percepção de fragilidade do caráter, como vontade fraca para interromper o uso da droga e como pessoa perigosa na medida em que é temida pela sociedade, visto que é percebida como agressora. Isso traz consequências como o isolamento social, a perda da autoestima, dificuldade de acesso aos serviços de saúde que provocam o afastamento da busca de suporte social e de saúde por parte do usuário, agravando suas condições de vida. Como metodologia, foram realizadas 48 entrevistas com trabalhadores e usuários das equipes de Consultório na Rua nas quais foi possível reconhecer o estigma internalizado pelas pessoas que se reconhecem como portadoras das características negativas que lhes são imputadas, assim como percepção dos profissionais de saúde da estigmatização sofrida por essa população. O desvelamento dos estigmas e sua análise podem auxiliar na reorientação de um conjunto de práticas de cuidado que garantam direitos básicos de saúde, educação, moradia e trabalho constituintes da cidadania, de modo a fomentar processos de democratização e de inclusão social dessa população estigmatizada em situação de extrema vulnerabilidade.
Avaliação da qualidade da Estratégia de Saúde da Família em um município de porte médio
Authors: Ribeiro Lorena Araujo , Scatena João Henrique Gurtler
Published: July 2020

RESUMO O estudo objetivou avaliar Unidades de Saúde da Família (USF) frente aos atributos essenciais e derivados da Atenção Primária à Saúde (APS). Pesquisa avaliativa, quantitativa, com delineamento transversal, realizada em 35 USF de um município de médio porte de Mato Grosso. Os dados foram levantados mediante aplicação de questionário sociodemográfico e do Primary Care Assessment Tool (PCATool) junto a 397 usuários adultos e 59 profissionais dos referidos serviços. Os resultados revelaram que os usuários eram majoritariamente do sexo feminino e de baixa escolaridade. Quanto aos profissionais, observou-se elevada rotatividade, com tempo de lotação inferior a dois anos, e predomínio de indivíduos sem especialização em APS. Acerca do desempenho dos serviços na perspectiva dos usuários, todos os atributos foram avaliados como insatisfatórios, exceto Utilização e Sistema de Informação, que apresentaram escore acima do valor de corte (6,6). Contrariamente, na opinião dos profissionais, todos os atributos foram avaliados como satisfatórios, com exceção da Acessibilidade, que obteve escore 5,28. Os baixos valores para a maioria dos atributos, obtidos sob a ótica de quem utiliza o serviço, evidenciam a dificuldade das USF na efetivação dos atributos da APS e impõem a necessidade de reflexões acerca das barreiras estruturais e organizacionais presentes nos serviços.
A ‘Sociologia da Medicina’ de Gilberto Freyre e a formação no campo da saúde
Authors: Moreira Carlos Otávio Fiúza
Published: July 2020

RESUMO O ensaio retoma um argumento de Gilberto Freyre, em seu livro ‘Sociologia da Medicina’ (1963), que a formação médica precisa ser sociologicamente orientada. Ele considera a saúde um fato sociocultural e opera com uma perspectiva multicausal dos fenômenos sociais. Gilberto Freyre já desenvolvera em suas obras capitais sobre a formação do Brasil, ‘Casa-grande & Senzala’ (1933) e ‘Sobrados e Mucambos’ (1937), reflexões relacionadas à saúde, como alimentação, sexualidade, arquitetura. Apesar do esquecimento de ‘Sociologia da Medicina’ nos debates da saúde coletiva que tratam das relações entre saúde e as ciências sociais, essa obra apresenta questões imprescindíveis para a compreensão sociológica de fenômenos do campo da saúde. Em diálogo com a referida obra, discutem-se neste ensaio, por uma espécie de ampliação da perspectiva de Freyre, questões que relacionam a referida orientação sociológica com a formação nas graduações no campo da saúde.
How freezing methods affect the sensory profile of pasteurized and unpasteurized mangaba pulp
Authors: Gonçalves Gilma Auxiliadora Santos , Resende Nathane Silva , Gonçalves Carla Saraiva , Carvalho Elisângela Elena Nunes de , Resende Jaime Vilela de , Boas Eduardo Valério de Barros Vilas
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACT The Mangaba, an exotic fruit of the Brazilian Cerrado, is very appreciated for its peculiar sensory characteristics. Here we aimed to evaluate the sensory profile of mangaba pulp subjected to three treatments (unpasteurized and pasteurized pulps; frozen by static air and forced air; stored frozen for zero, 4, 8 and 12 months). The following sensory tests were applied: temporal dominance of sensations (TDS) (identify and check the dominant sensations of flavor over time of consumption), ideal scale (identify optimal concentration of sucrose to be added in nectar) and acceptance test (to evaluate the effect of treatments on consumer acceptance). By TDS analyses, a sour taste was reported for most treatments, combined with the identification of a bad flavor in most pulps from 8 months of frozen storage. The ideal scale determined that 87.8 g/L sucrose should be added to the mangaba nectar. The frozen methods by static air or forced air did not significantly influence the sensory acceptance of the mangaba pulp. Pasteurization favors high mangaba pulp acceptance for up to 8 months, however, by 12 months of storage, treatments still have good sensory acceptance.
Development of an animated infographic on Permanent Health Education
Authors: Dorneles Letícia Lopes , Martins Vivian Do Prado , Morelato Caroline Silva , Goes Fernanda Dos Santos Nogueira De , Fonseca Luciana Mara Monti , Camargo Rosangela Andrade Aukar De
Published: July 2020

Objective: to create an animated infographic on the concept of Permanent Health Education according to the National Policy and its main differences compared to continuing education and health education. Method: a methodological study that analyzed context and knowledge gaps with a literature review and brainstorming; synthesized knowledge into a concept map; built and validated a script; created a didactic design; and produced infographic media. 18 representatives from the Center for Permanent Education and Humanization participated in the stages of context analysis and synthesis of knowledge, and six specialists participated in the validation of the script. Results: through the combination of texts, images, audios, animations and transitions, the concepts, principles and legal journey of the Permanent Education policy were presented with examples from daily work and, at the end, the difference compared to continuing education and health education is presented. The specialist on the theme evaluated the infographic positively as it has clear information that meet the needs of the target audience; favors learning; and is able to circulate in the scientific environment. Conclusion: the infographic includes content on Permanent Health Education as it represents the daily work scenario and encourages reflection by the health care workers.
Composition and diversity of benthic macroinvertebrates in a Brazilian Cerrado stream
Authors: Pio Jéssica F. G. , Santiago Eunice de F. E. , Copatti Carlos E.
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACT This study aimed to analyse the diversity and composition of benthic macroinvertebrate assemblages in the dry and rainy seasons in a Brazilian Cerrado stream, where it was hypothesized that the dry season has higher diversity and it differs in terms of organism composition in relation to the rainy season. Sampling was carried out in the dry (May and August/2016 and August/2017) and rainy seasons (November/2016 and February and November/2017). Individuals were identified at the family level and classified according to functional feeding group (FFG). There were 3,776 individuals, in which Chironomidae was the most abundant taxon with 2,226 organisms. The FFG with the highest number of individuals and species richness were collector-gatherer and predator, respectively. The species richness was higher in the dry season than in the rainy season. The ordinance generated by NMDS showed that there was no distinction in the composition of the assemblage between the dry and rainy seasons. Seasonal variations do not alter the abundance and composition of the benthic macroinvertebrate assemblage, but the species richness does decrease in rainy seasons.
Twin pregnancy after kidney transplantation: case report and systematic review
Authors: Sousa Marcos Vinicius de , Guida José Paulo de Siqueira , Surita Fernanda Garanhani de Castro , Parpinelli Mary Angela , Nascimento Maria Laura Costa do , Mazzali Marilda
Published: July 2020

Abstract Background: Kidney transplantation is associated with fertility restoration in more than 50% of women with chronic kidney disease. Pregnancy after transplantation may affect women’s health and fetal development, with higher rates of abortion, fetal growth restriction, and neonatal deaths. Twin pregnancy is a condition of high-risk for adverse maternal and perinatal outcomes, and its occurrence in women with previous kidney transplantation is rare. Case: 32-year-old woman, recipient of living donor kidney transplantation, with a history of one pregnancy prior to transplantation, with current normal allograft function and no use of contraceptive method. At ten weeks of amenorrhea, ultrasound investigation showed a dichorionic diamniotic twin pregnancy. The following evaluation showed Chiari type II features in one fetus, and no detectable abnormality in the other one. There was appropriate blood pressure control with no need for an antihypertensive drug, and renal function remained normal without proteinuria. Calcium and a low dose of acetylsalicylic acid were used as preeclampsia prophylaxis. At 33 weeks of gestation, she presented premature rupture of membranes with spontaneous preterm labor. A cesarean section was performed due to the breech presentation of the first fetus. The patient persisted with normal graft function and without graft rejection during follow-up. Discussion and conclusion: Twin pregnancies after kidney transplantation are rare, and it is most frequently associated with preterm birth. We reported a successful twin pregnancy after kidney transplantation, with good perinatal and maternal outcomes, and without graft rejection or dysfunction.
Morphophysiological characterization of leaves and inflorescences of commercial mini chrysanthemum varieties
Authors: Carvalho Carolina Rodrigues Victor de , Santos Mirelle Nayana de Sousa , Mapeli Ana Maria
Published: July 2020

Abstract Chrysanthemum is among the oldest plants cultivated by man, being widely cultivated in Brazil. In view of its economic importance and use in breeding, the present study aims to characterize mini chrysanthemum varieties, focusing on morphological and physiological parameters. Therefore, four varieties of mini chrysanthemums, in pots, were acquired in the local market: V1 - ‘Swifty Light Pink’ (purple), V2 - ‘Diablo Time’ (red), V3 - ‘White Cherie’ (white); V4 - ‘Giovanni’ (yellow), from which they were taken leaves and inflorescences samples for measurement of height, diameter and fresh mass, as well as to quantify the total soluble sugar (TSS, %), reducing sugar (RS, %), non-reducing sugar (NRS, %), anthocyanin and chlorophyll contents. Regarding the characterization of inflorescences, it was found that ‘Diablo Time’ had the largest diameter, height and fresh weight, in these last two cases not differing from ‘Giovanni’, which had lower anthocyanin content; while the highest values of carbohydrate content were found in ‘White Cherie’. In relation to the characterization of the leaves, ‘Giovanni’ had the largest dimensions, fresh mass and chlorophyll content. Already ‘Swifty Light Pink’ stood as to the sugar contents. Thus, it is clear that there are morphophysiological differences between the chrysanthemum mini varieties, which can contribute to breeding programs.
Heterosis and genetic diversity in the crossings of gladiolus cultivars Amsterdam and White Prosperity
Authors: Azimi Mohammad Hossein
Published: July 2020

Abstract Gladiolus is one of the most important and popular cut-flower bulbous in Iran. The aim of this research was to produce new, high-quality hybrids through hybridization. We generated two promising hybrids (OPRC16 and OPRC57) combination from the varieties “Amsterdam” and “White Prosperity”. The Research was conducted in Ornamental Plants Research Center in Mahallat from 2014 to 2018. Values of Hm for traits were defined as the difference between the mid-F1 value and the mid-parent value, Mean Mid-parent Heterosis (MPH) or (Hmp) and High Parent Heterosis (HPH) or (Hsp). The results showed that the morphological analysis revealed the heredity and variation in the promising hybrids. The results for the hybrid OPRC16 showed that the Hm and Hmp values were negative for peduncle length but positive for other traits. The Hsp value was observed to be negative for the traits of peduncle length, leaf width, stem diameter, and cormels diameter, but it was positive for other traits. According to the results for the hybrid OPRC57, the Hm and Hmp values were negative for plant height, floret number, peduncle length, floret diameter, stem diameter, spike length, cormles weight, and cormlet diameter and negative for other traits. Peduncle length was positive in other traits. The Hmp value was negative for peduncle length, but positive for other traits. The Hsp value was recorded to be positive for leaf length, bud diameter, vase life, cormlet number, and cormles yield but negative for other traits. All in all, OPRC57 showed a negative heterosis in most traits. Based on the results, when ‘Amsterdam’ is used as the maternal plant in crosses, it has more positive heterosis effects than when it is used as the paternal parent. These results indicate that major of traits in the phenotypic and genetic diversity coefficient was very low, indicating that they had less environmental effects, since the genotypes were cultivated under similar and controlled conditions.
Exogenous gibberellic acid application influences on vegetative and reproductive aspects in gladiolus
Authors: Rahman Abdur , Hussain Ibrar , Nabi Ghulam , Ziaullah
Published: July 2020

Abstract Ornamental plants like gladiolus are suitable option for growers with lower amount of land, as they are highly economic and have lower cost of production. An experiment was conducted with aim to study the exogenous application influence of gibberellic acid on vegetative and reproductive characteristics of gladiolus was conducted under the subtropical conditions. The experiment was laid out in two factors randomized complete block design and replicated three times. Gibberellic acid (GA3) was used in different concentrations (0, 50, 100, 150, 200 mg L-1) to corms of two cultivars of gladiolus (‘White Prosperity’ and ‘Red Advance’). Results showed that most of the parameters were significantly influenced by gibberellic acid at 200 mg L-1. The maximum sprouting, number of leaves plant-1, daughter corms per plant, less number of days to corm sprouting, days to spike emergence and flower opening were recorded in plants treated with 200 mg L-1 gibberellic acid (GA3). ‘Red Advance’ produced more number of leaves plant-1, corm diameter, corm weight, and less number of days to spike emergence and flower opening. It can be concluded from the present findings that the treatment of corms with 200 mg L-1 gibberellic acid can improve the growth and yield of cultivar Red Advance than White prosperity under the subtropical conditions.
Obtaining new Ruscus products using Gamma radiation
Authors: Kutsher Yaarit , Hazenshprung Nir , Amir-Segev Orit , Merchuk-Ovnat Lianne , Evenor Dalia , Reuveni Moshe
Published: July 2020

Abstract Ruscus is an evergreen shrub that offers dark-green glossy foliage used as green additions to bouquets and flower arrangements. One of the most significant ways to obtain new varieties of crop and ornamental plants is to induce mutations by radiation. Gamma radiation is most commonly used to obtain mutants in commercial food as well as feed crops and ornamental plants. In this study, we developed tissue culture methods for Ruscus proliferation from rhizomes to obtain rhizomes clusters. These clusters were subsequently irradiated with Gamma rays to obtain unique phenotypes, such as: elongated narrow phylloclades modified stem symmetry and dwarfed growth habit. Such Ruscus types can contribute to the expansion of the floral industry.
Molecular and biochemical responses of horticultural plants and crops to heat stress
Authors: Masouleh Seyedeh Somayyeh Shafiei , Sassine Youssef Najib
Published: July 2020

Abstract Various abiotic stresses affect growth and development of plants and one of them that causes severely decreasing the horticultural and crop yields is the heat stress worldwide. In this paper, the effects of heat (more than 30-35 °C in different species) stress on the horticultural plants and crops, and its effects on inducing other stresses, including osmotic and oxidative stresses are discussed. Plants show the molecular and biochemical responses after receiving environmental signals such as high temperatures and tolerate undesirable conditions.
Propagation of native plants with ornamental potential from Serra do Oratório, Santa Catarina State, Brazil
Authors: Bastos Fernanda Espíndola Assumpção , Grimaldi Fernanda , Kretzschmar Aike Anneliese , Rufato Leo
Published: July 2020

Abstract The use of native plants enriches the landscape projects, conserves the local flora, creates a local identity and promotes the symbiosis between native fauna and flora. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the vegetative propagation of the native species Calibrachoa sellowiana, Tibouchina dubia and Verbena rigida, using cuttings submitted to different concentrations of indolebutyric acid (IBA), naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) and substrates. From the stock plants, the cuttings were excised from the apex, with leaves number varying according to the species. In the propagation of Calibrachoa sellowiana, Tibouchina dubia and Verbena rigida under different concentrations of IBA, 4 treatments were carried out, consisting of IBA at concentrations of 0 mg L-1 (control), 500 mg L-1, 1000 mg L-1 and 2,000 mg L-1. In the propagation of Tibouchina dubia under different concentrations of NAA, the experiment was developed using four treatments, NAA was diluted in acetone + talc at concentrations of 0 mg L-1 (control), 2,000 mg L-1, 4,000 mg L-1 and 6,000 mg L-1. The evaluated variables for all the experiments were: percentage of rooted cuttings, number of roots per rooted cutting, average root length (cm) and number of shoots. In the substrate experiment, the treatments were sand, vermiculite, Plantmax® and mixture of soil + sand, for all the species from the previous experiments. Calibrachoa sellowiana and Verbena rigida, rooted with low concentration of IBA, 0 e 500 mg L-1, respectively, but the PGR was not essential to rooting phase, since the control also developed roots. For Tibouchina dubia the IBA and NAA did not promoted rooting. Calibrachoa sellowiana rooted better with soil + sand, differing from Verbena rigida, which rooted better with Plantmax®.
Work process of river family health teams from the perspective of Primary Care managers
Authors: Figueira Maura Cristiane e Silva , Marques Dalvani , Vilela Maria Filomena Gouveia , Bazílio Jennifer , Pereira Jéssica de Aquino , Silva Eliete Maria
Published: July 2020

Abstract Objective: To analyze the work process carried out by the river family health strategy teams in a municipality in the Amazon region through the perception of the managers. Method: An evaluative study with a qualitative approach. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with managers of Primary Healthcare, document analysis and participant observation of the work by content analysis. Results: Seven managers participated. Two thematic categories stood out: “Knowledge and practices in the work process of river teams” and “Reports of successful practice experiences”. Conclusion: Integrated work and team autonomy are present in the work process; successful practices are encouraged, as well as the use of light and hard-light technologies.
Quality of life of older adults admitted to a Medical Clinic Unit of a Public Hospital in Brazil
Authors: Martins Núbia Pires da Rocha , Silqueira Salete Maria de Fátima , Souza Lívia Maria Emerick , Souza Carine de Paula Martins , Soares Sônia Maria , Matos Selme Silqueira
Published: July 2020

Abstract Objective: To evaluate the quality of life of older adults admitted to the Medical Clinic Unit of a public hospital in Belo Horizonte, Brazil, to correlate the quality of life with the functionality proposed by the Katz index, and to characterize the clinical and epidemiological profile of the studied population. Method: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study with a quantitative approach. Data collection was performed through applying the Nottingham Health Profile instrument and the Katz Index instrument. Results: 116 older adults participated. The quality of life found in the study was considered good. It correlated with the Katz index (the more dependent, the worse the quality of life), the number of comorbidities (the higher the number of comorbidities, the worse the quality of life) and the family structure who lived with the older adults (there was worse quality of life for older adults who lived with their children). Conclusion: In this study it was found that the quality of life in the evaluated sample was good and that it is related to functionality, the number of comorbidities and with whom the older adult lives. Thus, poor quality of life cannot be associated with hospitalization in this sample.
Factors associated with the use of physical restraint in intensive care patients
Authors: Zulian Luana Rosas , Mori Satomi , Teraoka Eliana Cavalari , Miyasaki Vanessa Yukie Kita , Zanei Suely Sueko Viski , Whitaker Iveth Yamaguchi
Published: July 2020

Abstract Objective: To verify the frequency of physical restraint in patients and the factors associated with its use in the intensive care unit. Method: An observational and prospective study on the use of restraint in patients observed over two days, considering the variables: age and gender, personal and clinical characteristics, devices, adverse event and restraint use. The frequency was verified in three groups of patients with different conditions by applying the Chi-Squared, Likelihood Ratio or Kruskal-Wallis tests. The association of the variables was verified with the Multinomial Logistic Regression. Results: Eighty-four (84) patients participated. Restraint was observed in 77.4% of the 84 analyzed patients, and was more frequent in the presence of sedation, agitation and invasive devices. The chance of being restrained was at least five times higher in sedation conditions, whether in weaning or daily awakening, mechanical ventilation weaning, agitation or the presence of invasive devices. Conclusion: Restraint use was high and was associated with female gender, sedation, agitation and invasive airway. It is emphasized and important to apply policies to reduce restraint use in intensive care.
Evolution in the Engine Room: A Review of Technologies to Deliver Decarbonised, Sustainable Shipping
Authors: McCarney Joseph
Published: July 2020

One of the more evocative cases of disruptive innovation is how steam powered vessels displaced sailing ships in the 19th century. Independent of wind and currents, shipping entered a new age. Faster shipping enabled more efficient trading and easier international travel. It fuelled economic growth and wealth creation. This transition was not rapid, taking half a century to evolve, a period in which hybrid vessels, those using sails and steam generated power were a common sight. The age of steam brought a period of change which affected many aspects of shipping, not only its appearance and practices but also its environmental impact. It facilitated further disruption and the emergence of what has become the industry standard for a ‘prime mover’: the diesel engine. Achieving the decarbonisation of the shipping fleet as soon as possible this century will be one of the most significant disruptions the shipping sector has had to manage. Meaningful change by 2050 requires strategic development and decisive action today, made all the more complicated by the immediate demands that the sector manages both the current and longer term impact that the COVID-19 pandemic will have on the shipping industry. This paper looks briefly at the transition from wind power to carbon based fuel power to gain insight into how the shipping sector manages disruptive change. It also reviews some technology options the shipping sector could adopt to reduce its environmental impact to meet a timetable of international requirements on ship emissions limits. The paper will focus on how the engine room might evolve with changes in: (i) energy conversion, how power is generated on board, i.e. the engine; and (ii) energy storage, i.e. choice of fuel.
Phase Ib/II Study of Biweekly TAS-102 in Combination with Bevacizumab for Patients with Metastatic Colorectal Cancer Refractory to Standard Therapies (BiTS Study)
Authors: Satake Hironaga , Kato Takeshi , Oba Koji , Kotaka Masahito , Kagawa Yoshinori , Yasui Hisateru , Nakamura Masato , Watanabe Takanori , Matsumoto Toshihiko , Kii Takayuki , Terazawa Tetsuji , Makiyama Akitaka , Takano Nao , Yokota Mitsuru , Okita Yoshihiro , Matoba Koreatsu , Hasegawa Hiroko , Tsuji Akihito , Komatsu Yoshito , Yoshino Takayuki , Yamazaki Kentaro , Mishima Hideyuki , Oki Eiji , Nagata Naoki , Sakamoto Junichi
Published: July 2020

Lessons Learned

A biweekly TAS-102 plus BEV schedule in patients with heavily pretreated mCRC showed equivalent efficacy with less toxicity compared with the current schedule of TAS-102 plus BEV combination. Biweekly TAS-102 plus BEV combination could reduce unnecessary dose reduction of TAS-102, maintain higher doses, and possibly be effective even in cases without chemotherapy-induced neutropenia (CIN). The prespecified subgroup analysis of this study showed an obvious association between CIN within the first two cycles and prognosis of biweekly TAS-102 plus BEV.

Background

TAS-102 (trifluridine/tipiracil) plus bevacizumab (BEV) combination therapy has shown promising activity in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). However, the previously reported dose and schedule for the TAS-102 (70 mg/m2/day on days 1–5 and 8–12, every 4 weeks) plus BEV (5 mg/kg on day 1, every 2 weeks) regimen is complicated by severe hematological toxicities and difficult administration schedules. Here, we evaluated the efficacy and safety of a more convenient biweekly TAS-102 plus BEV combination.

Methods

Patients with mCRC who were refractory or intolerant to standard chemotherapies were enrolled. Patients received biweekly TAS-102 (twice daily on days 1–5, every 2 weeks) with BEV (5mg/kg on day 1, every 2 weeks). The primary endpoint was progression-free survival rate at 16 weeks (16-w PFS rate).

Results

From October 2017 to January 2018, 46 patients were enrolled. The recommended phase II dose was determined to be TAS-102 (70 mg/m2/day). Of the 44 eligible patients, the 16-w PFS rate was 40.9% (95% confidence interval, 26.3%–56.8%), and the null hypothesis was rejected (p < .0001). Median progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival were 4.29 months and 10.86 months, respectively. Disease control rate was 59.1%. Common grade 3 or higher adverse events were hypertension (40.9%), neutropenia (15.9%), and leucopenia (15.9%).

Conclusion

Biweekly TAS-102 plus BEV showed promising antitumor activity with safety.
Lovastatin Production by Aspergillus sclerotiorum Using Agricultural Waste
Authors: Iewkittayakorn Jutarut , Kuechoo Kannika , Sukpondma Yaowapa , Rukachaisirikul Vatcharin , Phongpaichit Souwalak , Chotigeat Wilaiwan
Published: July 2020

Research background. Lovastatin is a well-known drug used to reduce hypercholesterolaemia. However, the cost of lovastatin production is still high. Therefore, alternative low-cost carbon sources for the production of lovastatin are desirable. Experimental approach. Four different agricultural wastes, namely corn trunks, rice husks, wild sugarcane, and soya bean sludge, were tested separately as substrates to produce lovastatin using a new fungal strain, Aspergillus sclerotiorum PSU-RSPG 178, under both submerged and solid-state fermentation (SSF). Results and conclusions. Of these substrates and cultivation systems, soya bean sludge gave the highest lovastatin yield on dry mass basis of 0.04 mg/g after 14 days of SSF at 25 °C. Therefore, the soya bean sludge was separately supplemented with glucose, wheat flour, trace elements, palm oil, urea and molasses. The addition of the palm oil enhanced the lovastatin yield to 0.99 mg/g. In addition, the optimum conditions, which gave a lovastatin yield of (20±2) mg/g after 18 days of SSF, were soya bean sludge containing 80 % moisture (dry basis) at a ratio of soya bean sludge (g) to mycelial agar plugs of 1:4, and a ratio of soya bean sludge (g) to palm oil (mL) of 1:2. Besides, the lovastatin yields obtained from SSF using fresh or dry soya bean sludge were not significantly different. Novelty and scientific contribution. We conclude that A. sclerotiorum PSU-RSPG 178 has a good potential as an alternative strain for producing lovastatin using soya bean sludge supplemented with palm oil as a carbon source.
General Theory and Good Practices in Ecological Niche Modeling: A Basic Guide
Authors: Simoes Marianna , Romero-Alvarez Daniel , Nuñez-Penichet Claudia , Jiménez Laura , E. Cobos Marlon
Published: July 2020

Ecological niche modeling (ENM) and species distribution modeling (SDM) are sets of tools that allow the estimation of distributional areas on the basis of establishing relationships among known occurrences and environmental variables. These tools have a wide range of applications, particularly in biogeography, macroecology, and conservation biology, granting prediction of species potential distributional patterns in the present and dynamics of these areas in different periods or scenarios. Due to their relevance and practical applications, the usage of these methodologies has significantly increased throughout the years. Here, we provide a manual with the basic routines used in this field and a practical example of its implementation to promote good practices and guidance for new users.
New combinations in Monardella (Lamiaceae)
Authors: Brunell Mark S.
Published: July 2020

The following new combinations are made: Monardella odoratissima Benth. subsp. franciscana (Elmer) Brunell, comb. nov.; Monardella odoratissima Benth. subsp. obispoensis (Hoover ex Jeps.) Brunell, comb. nov.; Monardella odoratissima Benth. subsp. villosa (Benth.) Brunell, comb. & stat. nov.
Development of a Method for Monitoring the Process of Heating the Lining of High-Temperature Units
Authors: Prikhodko Evgeniy V.
Published: July 2020

This article proposes a new method for monitoring the thermal state of the lining of hightemperature units. Firstly, it is shown that the main methods for monitoring the thermal state of the lining are limited to obtaining data to prevent an emergency situation – leakage of the working medium through the lining and does not allow to obtain data on the temperature distribution over the cross section of the lining, for monitoring nonstationary thermal processes. Secondly, a method for determining the thermal state of the lining of a thermal unit is proposed, which allows one to obtain data on the temperature fields of the lining in the process of nonstationary heat conduction and use these values to control the process. Thirdly, to test the developed method, a physical model of the process of heating the lining of a high-temperature unit was created. Fourth, testing the physical model of the heating process showed that the developed method can be applied in practice, since its error does not exceed 10%