bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Potential drilling hazards for wells targeting the Cane Creek shale, Pennsylvanian Paradox Formation, Paradox fold and fault belt, southeastern Utah and southwestern Colorado
Authors: Chidsey Thomas
Published: March 2023

The Cane Creek shale of the Pennsylvanian Paradox Formation represents a major target for oil and gas in the Paradox fold and fault belt of the northern Paradox Basin of southeastern Utah and southwestern Colorado. Early exploration and development attempts resulted in blowouts due to unexpected gas-bearing intervals and casing collapses caused by salt flowage in the Paradox Formation. These problems represent some of the types of drilling hazards that could be expected when planning Cane Creek wells. Horizontal drilling first used in the early 1990s changed the Cane Creek shale play from one of mostly drilling failures to a more successful commercial play. Depending on the location, exploratory Cane Creek wells may penetrate a section that ranges in age from Cretaceous through Pennsylvanian. Drilling in the region often encounters a wide variety of lithologies (carbonates, shale, mudstone, sandstone, and evaporites) and associated potential hazards that may include: (1) swelling clays, (2) high porosity-permeability or fractured zones resulting in lost circulation or excessive mudcake buildup, (3) “kicks” due to the influx of reservoir fluid (oil, water, or gas) into the wellbore, (4) uranium-rich zones, (5) washouts, (6) hole deviation, sticking, and other well-integrity problems, (7) chert, and (8) overpressured intervals. In addition, natural carbon dioxide, which flows from the partially human-made Crystal Geyser near some Cane Creek wellsites, represents an unusual drilling hazard if encountered in the northernmost part of the fold and fault belt. Using the lessons learned from the recently completed research well, State 16-2 (renamed the State 16-2LN-CC, API No. 43-019-50089, after the horizontal leg was drilled), and other wells in the region, drilling engineers and operators can better plan for potential hazards when exploring for hydrocarbons in the Cane Creek shale or deeper targets (Mississippian Leadville Limestone and Devonian Elbert Formation) in the fairly remote, relatively sparsely explored Paradox fold and fault belt. The goal is to de-risk wells, lower expenses, and mitigate problems before they occur. The expected results are safer and more successful drilling of wells to the Cane Creek shale and deeper reservoirs ultimately leading to additional commercial hydrocarbon discoveries in the region.
Effective bilingual education in Francophone West Africa: Constraints and possibilities
Authors: Ball Mary-Claire , Bhattacharya Jasodhara , Zhao Hui , AKPE Hermann , Brogno Stephanie , Jasińska Kaja Kinga
Published: March 2023

Bilingual education that incorporates a local language alongside the official language has become an increasingly common approach in sub-Saharan Africa for improving literacy rates and learning outcomes. Evidence suggests that bilingual instruction is largely associated with positive learning and literacy outcomes globally (Bühmann & Trudell, 2007; Takam & Fassé, 2020). However, the adoption of bilingual education does not guarantee positive learning outcomes (e.g., Ball et al., 2022). This paper reviews bilingual programs in sub-Saharan Africa, with a particular focus on programs in six Francophone West African countries (Niger, Senegal, Mali, Burkina Faso, Côte d’Ivoire, Cameroon). We identified factors critical to high-quality and effective bilingual programs. Implementation factors, such as teacher training and classroom resources, and socio-cultural factors, such as perceptions of local languages in education, constrain and contribute to the quality of bilingual education. These insights may help inform policy-makers and other stakeholders seeking to improve bilingual education programs in Francophone West Africa and other contexts.
Self-Esteem and Peer Pressure in Adolescent Males using Drugs
Authors: Umme Amara  , Sheeza Rao  , Dr Barerah Siddiquii
Published: March 2023

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between self-esteem and peer pressure in drug abusing male adolescents. In the light of earlier literature, it was hypothesized that there will be high prevalence of peer pressure and low self-esteem in adolescent males with drug abuse and there will be a negative relation between self-esteem and peer pressure in drug abusing male adolescents. For this study, 155 male adolescents (10 to 19 years) were chosen through convenient sampling from different drug rehabilitation centers in Karachi. The participants belonged from madrasa and school. Proper ethical considerations were maintained and permissions were taken from different rehabilitations centers for data collection. Adolescent Self Esteem Questionnaire and Peer Pressure Scale were used for this study. Findings indicated high prevalence of low self-esteem (44%) and consecutively high incidence of peer pressure (73.5%) in adolescent males with drug abuse. Moreover, the study proved that a significant negative relationship exists between self-esteem and peer pressure among adolescent males with drug abuse (r = -0.75, p = 0.05). The study has implications for psychologists, counselors, educationist and government for managing self-esteem and peer pressure in students
Machiavellianism, Perfectionistic Self-Presentation and Decision-Making in Leaders
Authors: Javed Aaiza , Yousaf Kainaat , Abdul Ghaffar Aqsa
Published: March 2023

The present study assessed the relationship between Machiavellianism, perfectionistic self-presentation, and decision-making in leaders. It is hypothesized that there is a positive association between Machiavellianism, perfectionistic self-presentation, and decision-making in leaders. Machiavellianism, perfectionistic self-presentation, and decision-making are likely to have a positive association with each other. The sample was selected through non-probability random sampling from the leaders of various government and non-government organizations. A correlation research design was used for the study. Machiavellianism was assessed through the 16-item Machiavellian Personality Scale, perfectionistic self-presentation through the Perfectionistic Self Presentation Scale, and decision-making by The Decision-Making Questionnaire. To test the hypotheses, Pearson Product moment correlation and regression were applied for the execution of the analysis. The research results indicated a positive relationship between Machiavellianism, perfectionistic self-presentation, and the decision-making of leaders. Machiavellianism and perfectionistic self-presentation were found to be successful predictors of decision-making. The research is based on international and indigenous researches on the growth of leaders for better performance, Self-Presentation, and decision-making.
Health Education in Preventing Breast Cancer among Rural Women of Pakistan: A Quasi-Experimental Study
Authors: Zaheer Rabia , Fatima Kainat
Published: March 2023

Background: Breast Carcinoma (BC) is the most prevalent cancer among females of Pakistan. Pakistan is a low-middle-income country and breast self-examination (BSE) is an inexpensive and feasible method for early detection of any changes in breast tissue. Our study aimed to empower the rural women to be self-aware and self-detect initial stage of possible breast cancer and enable them to seeking healthcare on time.
Methods: This was a quasi-experimental study with women given health education about breast self-examination in rural settings of Islamabad, Pakistan. The pre and post intervention difference in knowledge and practices were tested through paired t-test.
Results: During the pre-test, the knowledge (16.4%) and practice (16.7%) of BSE in women was low. Following intervention during the post-test, the knowledge of women about BSE increased to 99.4%, (t=21.585, p=0.000) and 56.7%, (t=11.613, p=0.000) of them practiced BSE in the previous month.
Conclusion: In a country with high burden of breast cancer, women residing in rural areas and under low income quintile, breast self-examination can prove an effective strategy in addressing high prevalence of breast cancer among Pakistani females.
Association of Normal Weight Obesity with Dietary Habits Among Young Adults in Pakistan
Authors: Arshad Dua , Sohail Zoha , Khan Noohela
Published: March 2023

Background: Normal weight obesity (NWO) is a syndrome identified in normal weight subjects (BMI <25 kg/m2) in whom fat stores are above the recommendations, as per WHO definitions (>20% for men and >30% for women). These individuals might be characterized by insulin resistance, as well as by hypertriglyceridemia and high blood pressure despite having a body mass index (BMI) < 25 kg/m2. The results of several studies have confirmed the relationship between an unhealthy diet and the occurrence of normal weight obesity, whereas “healthy” dietary patterns oppose its occurrence. The objectives of this study were to determine the frequency of Normal weight obesity in targeted population and to determine its association with dietary habits.
Methods: It was a Cross-sectional study conducted on 125 young adults (15-24 years). The sample was taken from Rashid Latif Medical College, Lahore via convenient sampling. The data was collected using a questionnaire which included anthropometric data and dietary history. The body fat percentage of participants was calculated using the Deurenberg equation. Dietary history was collected using a food frequency chart. Data was analyzed using SPSS software version 25.
Results: Frequency of Normal weight obesity among individual with healthy body mass index was 28.8% i.e. consumption of white rice/bread, starchy vegetables, flavored milk, cheese, junk food and confectionary was excessive among participants with normal weight obesity.
Conclusion: Study concluded a positive association (p-value <0.05) between healthy dietary habits and body fat status.
Covid-19 Online Learning and its Impact on the Level of Understanding among Undergraduate Nursing and Physiotherapy First-Year Students
Authors: Ali Gohar , Hassan Masood
Published: March 2023

Background: COVID-19 brought drastic changes and impacts on students around the world. Most of the students moved from face-to-face studies into online learning and that’s badly impacts their level of learning, regarding using online learning as a model and tool for learning. To know the level of understanding of students in online learning, to explore hinder factors in online learning, and to know the student's attitude towards online learning methods, we did this study.
Methods: A cross-sectional online survey was conducted in two of the private medical universities in Karachi. Data was collected through a well-defined structured questionnaire from 225 respondents after taking consent and data was analyzed through by statistical package for social sciences SPSS. T-test was used for analysis. The duration of the study was 4 weeks.
Results: 89.3% of the student’s studies were affected due to online learning during COVID-19. The level of learning and understanding of 52% of the students were average, 18.7 % of the student’s level of learning and understanding was poor and 29.3% of student's level of understanding was good. The hinder factors during online learning were, 80.4% of the students were internet issues, 76.4% of students were voice/listening issues, and 74.2% of the students were facing an electric shutdown issue. Student's attitudes toward online learning was in that way that 52.4% of students said that online learning is not effective and 47.6% of students did not agree. 34.7% of the student's overall online learning experience were average, 25.8% of the students were below average, 6.7 % students were poor, and 32.9% of students were a good experience. 56.9% of students said that they will not recommend online learning.
Conclusion: Online teaching has a negative impact on the level of learning and understanding of students. Internet issues, voice/listening, and electric shutdown are the hinder factors for online learning. Student's attitudes toward online learning was also negative and students were not preferred online Learning.
Morbidity and Mortality in Patients Presenting with Septic Miscarriage at a Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Ashraf Saima , Fatimah Khosa Arooj , Malik Javeria
Published: March 2023

Background: The study aimed to determine the frequency of maternal morbidity in terms of uterine perforation, peritonitis, and mortality in women presenting with septic miscarriage.
Methods: This Descriptive cross-sectional was conducted at the Obstetrics & Gynaecology department of Nishtar Hospital, Multan-Pakistan, from 1st September 2019 to 31st March 2020. A total of 240 females presenting with septic miscarriage having parity < 5 were included in the study. A pelvic ultrasound was done to find any retained products of conception and to see uterine perforation and any free fluid in the peritoneal cavity. Where uterine perforation was found, laparotomy was performed. Retained products of conception were evacuated by dilatation and curettage. Data regarding maternal morbidity (uterine perforation and peritonitis) and mortality was recorded.
Results: In this study, the mean time of miscarriage to admission was 37.30 ± 9.24 hours. Regarding parity, 83.8% of females were with parity of 0-2, and 16.3% of women had a parity of 3-4. Around 38.8% of females had a medical termination of pregnancy, and 61.7% underwent surgical evacuation. Peritonitis and uterine perforation were seen in 25% and 13.3% of the patients. However, death was recorded in 7.5% of patients.
Conclusion: It is concluded that septic miscarriage is a frequently encountered gynecological complication, necessitating hospital admission and treatment. It adversely affects women's health and quality of life, leading to mortality.
Exploring the Barriers Faced by Transgenders for Accessing Healthcare Facilities in the Metropolitan City of Karachi
Authors: Younus Janifer , Baig Lubna Ansari , Ahmer Zaeema , Memon Athar , Aly Moyn
Published: March 2023

Background: Transgender population experience violence and discrimination because of their gender identity and their proposed image in society. In Pakistan being a transgender creates a serious challenge and threat to survival due to difference in societal system, culture, and nature.
Methods: This qualitative phenomenological study analyses the perceptions of accessing healthcare services of 11 transgender individuals who were recruited through snowball sampling after obtaining their written informed consent. Open ended questions regarding experiences of transgenders accessing healthcare facilities in Karachi were asked. Data was collected till the saturation was achieved. The interviews were transcribed and double checked. Coding of the data was done and subsequently themes were generated.
Results: Participants’ mean age was 33 (range 24–65) years. Six themes were identified which revolve around transgenders’ experiences. These were ‘Striving for Life’, ‘Biggest Nightmare! Violence and Harassment’, ‘Shunned by the Society’, ‘Hope for the Better Days’, ‘Transgender as a Pakistani Citizen’ and ‘Attitudes of Healthcare Providers towards transgenders’.
Conclusion: There is still a long way to go before accepting transgender individuals as equal members of our society. Despite efforts to reduce discrimination, transgender individuals still face inequalities not only in the society but also in healthcare facilities. This leads to poor access of healthcare facilities. Antidiscrimination policies are needed with increased gender-affirming healthcare access.
Vaccination Status, Knowledge, Attitude and Perceptions of Vaccination against Influenza and Pneumococcal Pneumonia in Diabetic Population of Lahore, Pakistan
Authors: Kitchle Rizwana , Latif Sonia , Iqbal Javed , Saif Saba
Published: March 2023

Background: Diabetes is a clinical condition predisposing individuals to a higher risk of infection. Vaccination can reduce susceptibility to infections. Unfortunately, robust data on the vaccination status of our population with diabetes is lacking though we stand as a country with the third highest cases of diabetes worldwide. Therefore, we intend to identify the vaccination status of our diabetic population and assess people’s awareness and attitude toward vaccination against influenza and Pneumonia.
Methods: This was a cross-sectional survey in which patients with diabetes were asked for relevant information as per a pre-defined questionnaire. The statistical analysis was done using SPSS 22.0 version.
Results: We enrolled 526 patients; the mean age was 58 years (SD±10.9). The majority of participants were females 68 % (362/526), and 52% (274/526) were aware of being increasingly susceptible to influenza and pneumonia. Only 12 % (64/526) were vaccinated against influenza over the last 5 years and 7% (36/526) against pneumococcus. More males were vaccinated against influenza than females and this result was statistically significant (p-value < 0.001). Influenza and pneumococcal vaccination were more common among the more affluent and more educated individuals this comparison was statistically significant (p-value < 0.001). A significant proportion of unvaccinated (374/460, 81%) showed a willingness to get vaccinated.
Conclusion: The uptake of annual influenza every autumn, and one-off pneumococcal vaccines among diabetics in our region is very low. The importance of vaccination needs to be generated through effective awareness campaigns as people with diabetes showed keen interest in receiving relevant vaccination.
Relationship of Clinical Symptoms, Comorbidities and Treatment Options along with Disease Outcomes in Individuals Tested for COVID-19 in Pakistan: A National Survey
Authors: Butt Naveed , Ahmed Zakiuddin , Khan Mumtaz , Zarreen Amtullah , Basit Abdul , Iqbal Nusrat , Soomro Marium , Abbasi Sana
Published: March 2023

Background: This web-based survey is done to collect and assess data from people tested for COVID-19 with PCR in Pakistan.
Methods: This 3-month study is a cross-sectional online survey, conducted by Pakistan Islamic Medical Association (PIMA), Health Research Advisory Board (HealthRAB) and National Institute of Health (NIH). Data collection was done using Google Forms. People who were tested for COVID-19 using Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) were included in the study. The sample size of the study was 1,537. SPSS version 22 was used for data analysis.
Results: Majority of the respondents belonged to the age group 20 - 39 years. The most common symptoms found were fever 633 (41%), cough 534 (34%), generalized body aches 432 (28%) and sore throat 392 (25%). The mean COVID-19 mental health score was 3.59 (SD: 5.808, range: 0-18). Treatment with antibiotics and painkillers had a strong correlation (p-value < 0.05) with the disease outcomes. The disease outcomes had moderate correlation (p-value < 0.05) with anti-allergy, steroids, plasma and oxygen therapy, and weak correlation (p-value < 0.05) with Antiviral and Antimalarial therapy. Out of the total respondents, 561 (36.1%) were cured from COVID-19, 14 (0.9%) were expired during/after hospitalization, 15 (1%) were still infected and 962 (62%) were not infected.
Conclusion: Pakistani population has a better cure rate than some of its neighboring countries. However, further research in this area is required to draw a definite conclusion.
Frequency of Anemia in Hospitalized Children Ages 0-12 Years and Associated Factors: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Hajrah Shahid  , Butt Muhammad Haseeb Amjad , Faheem Fatima , Kaleem Nawal , Khan Azmat Ullah
Published: March 2023

Background: Anemia affects the psychological and physiologic well-being of children worldwide. In Pakistan, anemia among children and its associated factors is scarcely studied and the available knowledge is not up-to date. This study aims to better understand the anemic burden among pediatric population in our country.
Methods: Cross-sectional study of 1 month was conducted from January to February 2020 comprising 299 children who were hospitalized in a tertiary care hospital with ages from 1 month to 12 years, located in Lahore. Analysis of different demographic data, breast feeding duration, age, nutritional status, gender, iron supplementation, solid food introduction, disease of diagnosis and other background parameters in association with hemoglobin level is done in this article. We performed chi-square analysis and logistic regression to assess anemia with related factors.
Results: Overall percentage of non-anemic and anemic children were 56.9% and 43.1% respectively among whom male children were 62.4% and female were 37.6% anemic. Among anemic patients, 26.7% and 45.5% of children who were admitted suffered from mild and moderate anemia, respectively. The most affected age group was 6-59-month-old. There was a 9 times higher risk of anemia among well-nourished children as compared to over nourished children.
Conclusion: The group mostly affected by anemia is of age between 6 to 59 months. To combat this crisis, certain measures are required as exclusive breast feeding for 6 months, weaning at age of 6 months and iron supplementation if iron requirements are not fulfilled by diet for children.
Calendar Month Effect in Bursa Malaysia: A Comparison between Shariah-Compliant Portfolio and Non-Shariah- Compliant Portfolio
Authors: Rohuma Hani Nuri , Brijlal Pradeep
Published: March 2023

This research examines whether the return of the Shariah-compliant portfolio (SCP) relative to the non-Shariah-compliant portfolio (NSCP) is subject to any calendar month effect on Bursa Malaysia over 12 years. The non-Shariah-compliant stocks were selected rather than conventional stocks to ensure that all stocks were completely independent since the Shariah-compliant stocks are part of the conventional stocks. A new portfolio (SCP–NSCP) that represented the monthly difference return between the SCP and NSCP was constructed, and by employing the robust standard errors regression, the results indicated that, after applying the Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM) with dummy variables, only in June, the return of SCP significantly outperform the return of NSCP. However, the existence of this calendar month anomalies between the SCP and NSCP will raise questions about the efficiency of Bursa Malaysia.
Investigating Joint Market Hypothesis during Periods of Financial Distress and its Implications
Authors: Enow Samuel Tabot
Published: March 2023

Empirical finance is about building an understanding of security prices and financial markets so as to foster better decision making while avoiding anecdote biases. Successful investors are often cognisant of their risk exposures coupled with extreme discipline and leverage. Therefore, the aim of this study was to explore the concept of joint market hypothesis in five international stock indexes. This study used the Taleb’s ratio which is an extension of the Parkinson model. The financial distress periods were the financial crisis (December 1, 2007 to June 30, 2009) and the Covid-19 pandemic (January 1, 2020 to December 31, 2021). Joint hypothesis was evident in the JSE, CAC 40, the DAX and the Nikkei 225 while the Nasdaq displayed high levels of market efficiencies. Allocating more capital to the JSE, CAC 40, the DAX and the Nikkei 225 during periods of financial distress in conjunction with the Fama French five factor model will generate higher returns. As per the author’s knowledge, this study is the first to explore the concept of joint market hypothesis during periods of distress
A Probabilistic Approach for Denoising Option Prices
Authors: Gueye Djibril , Lawuobahsumo Kokulo
Published: March 2023

This paper aims to directly denoise option price while adhering to the no–arbitrageconditions. To achieve our goal, we propose the Gaussian Process (GP) method thatentails training the GP on noisy data of option prices as a linear function of the pairof maturity and strike. Utilizing the GP approach not only allows for removing noiseson the option price surface by verifying the no–arbitrage conditions but also is a proba-bilistic approach that allows quantifying the uncertainty on the quantity of interest byconstructing confidence bands around the estimate. The GP further permits forecastingout-of-the-sample prices without needing to compute the risk-neutral density of the op-tion price surface. To investigate the efficiency of GP in removing the noise from optionprices, we tested it on a simulated dataset. The overall MSE between the computedBlack–Scholes prices and the GP denoised is 0.10, and between the Black–Scholes pricesand the noisy prices is 2.21 - a 95.33% noise removal. The curves of the graphs for thedenoised prices are all convex and non–increasing in strikes, upholding the no–arbitrageconditions. To our best knowledge, the challenge of directly denoising option prices hasled to little interest in this area, and our work is the first to undertake this task
Assessing the Extent of Electronic Procurement Adoption Challenges in the Public Sector of Ghana
Authors: Salifu Zaruk Narsam , Nangpiire Clement , Dawdi Abdul-Aziz , Yussif Fatawu
Published: March 2023

Electronic procurement implementation challenges are highly noticed in many African countries including Ghana despite the enormous benefit seen in nations that have adopted e-procurement. This study is quantitative by design and seeks to examine the extent of challenges that affect the implementation of electronic procurement. Knowledge of the extent of the challenges is essential to policy implementers to identify the significant challenges and the less significant challenges and prioritize their spending thereof due to the limited availability of resources. A total of three hundred and thirty-three (333) respondents’ views were considered. The one-way analysis of variance is adopted to analyze the extent of e-procurement implementation challenges in public institutions and coefficients were reported at 95% CI and 5% significance level using (SPSS v20.0). The overall finding indicates that ICT contributes more to the implementation challenges of e-procurement than the institutional, employee, and supplier factors. Based on the finding, we recommend that regular training or seminars should be organized to equip employees with the necessary knowledge about e-procurement processes and procedures; ICT infrastructure needs of the public institutions must be given priority to ensure the smooth adoption of electronic procurement.
Investigating the Impact of Firm-specific and Macroeconomic Determinants of Operating Efficiency of Commercial Banks: Panel Evidence from Bangladesh
Authors: Lalon Raad Mozib , Mili Afrin Rahman
Published: March 2023

This paper aims to find out the significant firm-specific and macroeconomic determinants of operating efficiency through covering 360 observations having 30 commercial banks’ data from 2009 to 2020. Model specification test along with several diagnostic tests has been done and our investigation reveals that Net interest margin or net investment income ratio, loan loss provision to total loan, debt to total assets and total loan to earning assets are significantly related with operating efficiency ratio (OER) bringing the changes in operating efficiency. In the second model, return on equity, net interest margin or net investment income ratio, equity capital to total assets, loan loss provision to total loan, bank size, total loan to earning assets and total loan to total deposit significantly affect the operating efficiency of commercial banks being measured with cost efficiency ratio (CER). In the subsequent model, net interest margin or net investment income ratio, total loan to earning assets, debt to total assets ratio, and total loan to total deposit have been evidenced to affect the operating efficiency significantly being measured with operating expense to earning assets ratio (OEEAR).
An Empirical Study Identifying the Most Favored Foreign Direct Investment Inflows Destination in the Gulf Cooperation Council Countries
Authors: Fernandez Manuel , Joseph Robinson , Fernandez Vania Maria
Published: March 2023

This study aims to identify the most favored foreign direct investment destination in the Gulf Cooperation Council countries. The study compares the global rankings of each GCC country on investment decision parameters: market size, economic growth, infrastructure, technology adoption, innovation friendliness, productive and diversified labor force, financial infrastructure, taxation, political risk, corruption, and ease of doing business.  This study confirms that the UAE is the most favored FDI destination in the GCC.  Moreover, the current policies and regulations promulgated indicate the country's intent to become more investor-friendly and attractive to live in.
Pentingnya Pendidikan Hukum Islam di Era Digital
Authors: Purborini Vivi Sylvia
Published: March 2023

Pendidikan adalah bagian dari proses belajar untuk membentuk karakter individu pada bangsa dan negara. Kualitas proses pendidikan menentukan hasil dari proses belajar, yaitu arah pemikiran dan langkah kehidupan manusia. Harapan masyarakat cukuplah besar untuk menjadikan seorang anak atau individu bisa mendapatkan pendidikan karakter yang baik, agar menjadi manusia yang berkarakter, berbudi pekerti luhur, dan dapat menjalankan kehidupannya sesuai dengan syariat Islam. Penulis menggunakan metode penelitian hukum normatif untuk meneliti dan menulis pembahasan. Tipe penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif. Penelitian hukum deskriptif bersifat pemaparan dan bertujuan untuk memperoleh gambaran atau deskripsi lengkap tentang keadaan hukum yang berlaku ditempat tertentu dan pada saat tertentu yang terjadi dalam masyarakat. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan informasi secara jelas dan rinci dalam memaparkan revitalisasi pendidikan hukum di era digital. Kemajuan teknologi, akses ilmu pengetahuan tanpa batas, membuat manusia dapat menjelajah ruang dan waktu dimanapun dan kapanpun. Hampir semua lini dalam kehidupan sosial bangsa negara dapat difasilitasi dengan teknologi. Hal inilah yang membust revitalisasi pendidikan hukum di era digital menjadi sangat penting untuk membuat lingkungan masyarakat berbangsa dan bernegara tetap kondusif dan selalu menjunjung tinggi nilai-nilai kearifan yang ada serta dengan batasan peraturan yang jelas mengatur segala tingkah laku masyarakat, demi terciptanya peradaban insan manusia Indonesia yang maju berkarakter dengan menjunjung tinggi kearifan lokal. Kemajuan generasi bangsa adalah melalui prose pembelajaran yang baik dan dilakukan secara komprehensif melibatkan berbagai pihak. Oleh karenanya revitalisasi pendidikan hukum di era digital akan terus dibutuhkan untuk terus dikembangkan sesuai dengan kemajuan jaman demi majunya peradaban generasi bangsa.
Mitra Implementasi Kurikulum Merdeka pada Madrasah dan Problematikanya
Authors: Swandari Nurul , Jemani Abdurahman
Published: March 2023

Penelitian ini membahas konsep dan penerapan Kurikulum Merdeka sebagai upaya pemulihan pembelajaran pasca pandemi di Indonesia. Kurikulum Merdeka dirancang sebagai kurikulum yang fleksibel, berfokus pada materi esensial, pengembangan karakter, dan kompetensi peserta didik. Penyusunan kurikulum dimulai dengan penjaringan minat dan bakat siswa sejak dini, sehingga siswa dapat menentukan arah pengembangan bakat dan kemampuannya dengan leluasa. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan kepustakaan, yaitu menggali dan memperoleh informasi dari buku, artikel, dan sumber bacaan lainnya. Konsep pendidikan dalam kurikulum merdeka sangat memperhitungkan kemampuan dan keunikan kognitif individu peserta didik di masing-masing madrasah. Namun, penerapan kurikulum merdeka di lapangan mengalami beberapa kendala, antara lain dari peserta didik, pendidik, saran dan prasarana, pimpinan dan kolaborasi di dalam internal lembaga pendidikan itu sendiri. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan loyalitas, persamaan mindset dan kerja sama yang solid di dalam internal lembaga tersebut untuk memastikan pelaksanaan kurikulum merdeka pada masing-masing madrasah dapat terlaksana dengan baik. Meskipun Keputusan Menteri Pendidikan Kebudayaan Riset Dan Teknologi Republik Indonesia Nomor 56/M/2022 tentang Pedoman Penerapan Kurikulum dalam Rangka Pemulihan Pembelajaran telah dikeluarkan, penerapan kurikulum pada masa kondisi khusus masih belum dapat mengatasi ketinggalan pembelajaran. Oleh karena itu, Kurikulum Merdeka diharapkan dapat menjadi solusi yang efektif untuk memulihkan pembelajaran di Indonesia pasca pandemi.
Nilai-nilai Takziyah dalam Pendidikan dan Soliadaritas Sosial
Authors: Ashar Salim
Published: March 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendiskripsikan dan menjelaskan fakta-fakta mengenai nilai-nilai takziyah dalam pendidikan solidaritas sosial yang ada dalam pelaksanaan ritual upacara pemberangkatan jenazah di Desa Sudimoro, Kecamatan Megaluh, Kabupaten Jombang. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif studi kasus. Pengambilan data berupa observasi dan wawancara digunakan untuk mengumpulkan data yang berkualitas dan mendalam tentang subjek penelitian yang diteliti. Penelitian ini menggunakan teknik sampling purposive. Teknik analisis yang dalam penelitian ini adalah analisis tematik (thematic analysis) dimana peneliti memfokuskan pada pengidentifikasian dan pengelompokan tema-tema yang muncul dari data yang telah dikumpulkan. enelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif studi kasus dan teknik sampling purposive. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai-nilai pendidikan Islam yang terkandung dalam tradisi tahlilan di Desa Sudimoro adalah untuk mendapatkan ridlo dari Allah SWT dan memperkuat solidaritas sosial melalui ikram uddla'if dan situasi sosio-harmoni. Solidaritas yang diberikan oleh masyarakat tidak hanya dalam perkara benda saja, tetapi meliputi kasih sayang, perhatian, dan kebaikan lainnya.
Konsep Ijma' dalam Mu'amalah Kontemporer
Authors: Abdulloh
Published: March 2023

Ijma' memiliki posisi ketiga setelah Al-Qur'an dan sunnah, dan dianggap sebagai salah satu proposisi hukum syariah. Namun, ada juga kelompok yang menolak ijma' sebagai argumen hukum. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menentukan konsep ijma' dalam literatur ushul fiqh dan aplikasinya dalam mu'amalah maliyyah (hukum ekonomi syariah). Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan yuridis normatif, dan didasarkan pada sumber-sumber sekunder berupa studi literatur. Spesifikasi penelitian yang digunakan adalah analitis deskriptif, dan metode analisis data yang digunakan adalah metode kualitatif. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pertama, persetujuan para mujtahid umat Muslim pada suatu waktu tentang hukum syariah setelah kematian Nabi, dan mayoritas ulama melihat bahwa ijma' dapat digunakan sebagai bukti dalam menentukan hukum; kedua, aplikasi ijma' dalam konteks mu'amalah maliyyah klasik diterapkan pada kontrak bisnis seperti jual beli, kerjasama, dan sewa menyewa seperti yang diterangkan oleh Ibn al-Mundzir dalam buku al-ijma'. Aplikasi ijma' dalam mu'amalah kontemporer adalah ijma' mengenai larangan bunga bank, asuransi konvensional, dan investasi reksa dana konvensional.
Serbest Zaman Doyumunun Davranışsal Niyet Üzerindeki Etkisi: Doğu Karadeniz Bölümü Örneği
Authors: HACINEBİOĞLU Barış , KAYA Fazıl
Published: March 2023

Bu çalışmanın amacı, Türkiye’nin Doğu Karadeniz Bölümü’ne seyahat eden yerli turistlerin rekreatif etkinlik deneyimlerinde edindikleri serbest zaman doyumunun davranışsal niyeti üzerindeki etkisinin belirlenmesidir. Serbest zaman doyumu, bireylerin rekreatif etkinliklerde kazandıkları pozitif hisler ve duygulardan oluşmuş bir kavramdır. Serbest zaman doyumu, sosyo-ekonomik ve psikolojik değişkenden etkilendiği gibi yaşam doyumu, iş doyumu ve motivasyon gibi değişkenleri de etkilemektedir. Çalışmada katılımcılara ilişkin verilerin toplanması için nicel araştırma yöntemi kapsamında değerlendirilen anket tekniğinden faydalanılmıştır. Çalışma Doğu Karadeniz destinasyonunu ziyaret eden gönüllü 397 yerli turistle yürütülmüştür. Çalışmada verilere ilişkin geçerlik, güvenirlik, doğrulayıcı faktör analizi ve yapısal eşitlik modellemesi analizleri yapılmıştır. Elde edilen bulgular neticesinde, katılımcıların katıldıkları etkinlik ve faaliyetlerde kazandıkları serbest zaman doyumunun davranışsal niyet üzerinde anlamlı bir etkiye sahip olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Buna ek olarak çalışmada katılımcıların serbest zaman etkinliklerinde yüksek bir doyuma ulaştığı, destinasyonu tekrar ziyaret ve tavsiye etme niyetinde olduğu anlaşılmıştır.
Tolerance Towards Multiculturalism in the Diversity of Cultures and Traditions as a Form of Moderation in the Implementation of Muhammad's Prophetic Attitude
Authors: Rahman Rahman , Khairuddin  , Darussamin Zikri , Fauzi Ahmad
Published: March 2023

This paper aims to explain that tolerance for cultural diversity and local traditions which are one of the sources of civilization for humans, must be maintained so that maintaining is part of moderation and implementation of the attitude that has been practiced by the prophet. Every community, of course, has local culture and traditions that differ from one another, from one region to another, so there is no need to be opposed. This research is qualitative research because it aims to describe systematically and factually a number of facts, phenomena and relationships between the phenomena studied. In addition, a qualitative approach is seen as appropriate to the theme of this research because the data presented is in the form of statements instead of using numbers. The data collection technique in this study used the library research method in the form of a documentation study. The results of this study state that to unite and bring together elements of the community with other elements, this can be done through a process of culture and traditions and customs that have become the habits of the community in an effort to appreciate and respect one another. And this was actually practiced by the prophet Muhammad, even though in some cultures and traditions of the community, the prophet corrected it later.
Analysis of the Translation Problems of Words with Chinese Characteristics: Taking Chinese-English Translation as an Example
Authors: Lin Pengyu
Published: March 2023

As a bridge and linkage of external communication, translation undertakes an important task for international communication. With the enhancement of China's soft power, the diffusion of culture has become increasingly important. That makes translation an essential stage. However, in the process of translation, many mistranslations cause the international community to misunderstand the original meaning and even misinterpret its culture. Starting from real situations and texts in Chinese to English translation, this study focuses on the problems of three phrases: “Taiwan question”, “The Communist Party of China”, and “People's democratic dictatorship” in Chinese to English translation by case analysis. As supplementary data, the researchers also conducted interviews with a Ph.D. in political science. It found that the problems may be created by the English meaning of the words, China's history and culture, and the translator's comprehension of the original language. Some suggestions for improving translation quality were also put forward from the perspectives of the country, the translation industry, and individuals.
Investigating the concept of the East in Orientalism Discourse
Authors: Noori Abdul Khaliq
Published: March 2023

East is one of the great geographical areas of human life that is rich in culture and has been a reservoir of knowledge and rival at various times; As Europeans' acquaintance with its sciences has led to the formation of the Enlightenment in Europe, the West has reached a stage of scientific progress and to its sense of pride and self-esteem, ignoring the rich past of the East, and to embody the East, and to establish the East and the East. It was based on the above that the paper examined the concept of Orient in Oriental discourse and analyzed it in a descriptive-analytical way. So the key questions are how the West's view of the distant past has been about the East, and why have they turned to false images instead of the actual image of the East? What is the role of Orientalist discourse in presenting negative images of the East? And what contribution did this Orientalist discourse have in colonizing the East? As the findings of this study show, the West has been trying to make self-esteem self-sufficient and overlooking the transcendent features of the East. It was, therefore, the view that, with the expansion of Orientalism and the creation of binary oppositions, he made the East a lower position, defining the good and the East with ugly attributes, and provided a false image of the East so that it could control and control the East.
Evaluation of Breast Cancer Risk, Fear and Knowledge Levels and their Effect on Examination Behaviors
Authors: Emiroglu Selman
Published: March 2023

This study is aimed to evaluate the risk of breast cancer (BC) by using the Gail risk model (GRM), assess the fear of BC, determine the knowledge level of BC and show how they affect examination behaviors. This study is a descriptive cross-sectional study carried out at the Istanbul Faculty of Medicine. Survey forms were filled out by 241 women who were 35 years or older. Survey forms include general information about the participant, the BC fear scale (BCFS) to assess the fear of BC, GRM-related questions to evaluate BC risk and the comprehensive breast cancer knowledge level test (CBCKLT) to determine the knowledge level of BC. According to the GRM score, 79 (33%) of the participants were found to have a high 5-year risk of BC. There was no statistically significant correlation between the GRM score and the BC fear or knowledge level of the participants (p>0.05). According to BCFS classification, the fear level of 47 (20%) participants was low, 51 (21%) moderate, and 143 (59%) high, and as the knowledge level of the participants increased, their fear of BC statistically significantly increased (r=0.139; p=0.031). The total score of CBCKLT was 7.39±1.75, the general knowledge sub-dimension score was 5.63±1.60, treatability sub-dimension score was 13.02±2.52. As the education level of the participants increased, their BC knowledge level increased (p=0.003). Moreover, participants who had clinical breast examination (CBE) were statistically significant and had higher BC knowledge levels than those who did not (p=0.030). In this study, there was no statistically significant correlation between the GRM score and BC fear levels or BC knowledge levels. Additionally, as the BC knowledge level of the participants increased, their fear of BC increased. Moreover, as it is expected, as the education level of the participants increased, their BC knowledge level increased, and the knowledge levels of BC have a role in increasing CBE.
The Techniques/Methods Used by School Psychologists to Assess Children with Emotional and Behavioural Difficulties
Authors: Gadour Abdelbasit
Published: March 2023

The main aim of this research was to investigate the current methods used by the Libyan school psychologists for children referred to them as having emotional and behavioural difficulties (EBD), and to make comparisons, where possible, with previous research. The data presented is taken from an adapted questionnaire which was based closely on that of McCall (1993).  Analysis of responses from 8 schools from the two main Libyan cities (Tripoli & Benghazi) indicated that traditional methods are in common usage among school psychologists. Intelligent tests e.g. attainment and reading tests were used more than observation assessing the children referred.  Family factors were found to be the main causes of producing behavioural problems e.g. the dynamics of relationships within the family.  The greater number of children referred were found at the primary level with a larger number of boys than girls.  The outcome showed tendency among teachers to remove EBD children from the main setting, though their difficulties are learning based.
The Axiology Review of Short Story in Textbook toward the Character Empowerment for the Learners
Authors: Tri Lande  , Suminto A Sayuti  , Yuriska Dewi  , Eka Rahayu Putri
Published: March 2023

This research described the axiology of short stories in the Indonesian language textbook, written by Suherli et al., on eleventh graders at Senior High School toward the learners' character education empowerment. The data consisted of excerpts consisting of life values and becoming the learners' character empowerment. The researchers collected the data by reading, listening, noting, and literature study techniques. The researchers analyzed the data descriptively and qualitatively with semantics validity, interrater reliability, and intra-rater reliability tests. The results showed that the short stories contained the life values, such as cultural, moral, religious, aesthetic, and social values. The values are meaningful and could be the lesson to develop positive attitudes of the learners and empower the learners’ characters.
Aşırı Sağ Terör Gruplarında Kadınlar: Geleneksel Rollere Meydan Okuyan Kimlikler
Authors: ÇOLAKOĞLU Seda
Published: March 2023

Geleneksel terörizm çalışmalarında failler ve eylemleri eril bir çerçevede ele alınmaktadır. Bu durum literatürün önemli bir kısmında terörist olanın sadece erkek olduğu algısının hâkim olmasına neden olmuştur. Özünde klasik savaş anlatılarına dayanan bu tezahürler; barışçıl, kırılgan ve savaşlardan korunması gereken kurban kadın profiline karşı; savaşçı, cesur, kadını koruyan erkek profili algısı toplumsal cinsiyet eşitsizliğinin devam etmesine imkân tanımıştır. Böylelikle bu mevcut algı birçok kültürde kadının şiddete ve terörizme kanalize olamayacağı şeklindeki cinsiyetçi algıyı şekillendirmiştir. 9/11 terör saldırılarından sonra benzer bir bakış açısı aşırıcılık ve radikalleşme konularında da yaşanmıştır. Kişilerin radikalleşmesine, örgütlere kanalize olmasına imkân tanıyan hususlar arasında birçok faktör ele alınmasına rağmen cinsiyet, toplumsal cinsiyet sıklıkla ihmal edilmektedir. Fakat uluslararası siyaset arenasında “kadınların nerede” olduğu sorusunun yanıtlarını arayan feminist akademisyenler, en nihayetinde toplumsal cinsiyet algılarını adeta yapısöküme uğratan, terörist stratejiyi benimseyen kadınları gün yüzüne çıkarmanın önemi üzerinde durmuştur. Her ne kadar akademik yazında yeteri kadar araştırma konusu olmasalar da coğrafi bir sınır olmadan etnik bölücü, Marksist-Leninist, dini temelli, ekoterörizm ve aşırı sağ gibi çok çeşitli gruplarda terörizme bulaşan kadınlar yer almaktadır.

Eril, beyaz ırkçı, Yahudi, Müslüman ve yabancı düşmanlığı, göçmen karşıtı gibi çeşitli ideolojilerle hareket eden ve Batı dünyasında gittikçe artan eylemleriyle göze çarpan aşırı sağcı yapıların ideolojilerinin bir ayağında da kadın düşmanlığı yer almaktadır. Kadın düşmanı ve anti-feminist söylemlerine rağmen birçok kadının çeşitli rollerle aşırı sağcı örgütlerde yer aldığı görülmektedir. Toplumsal cinsiyet ve terörizmin kesişimselliğini belirgin bir şekilde kabul eden bu araştırma açıkça şu soruları yanıtlama gayesi gütmektedir: “Anti-feminist, kadın düşmanı aşırıcı sağcı yapılarda kadınlık ne ifade etmektedir?” “Kadınlar bu yapılarda hangi rollerde yer almaktadır?”. Anti-feminist, anti-toplumsal cinsiyet, kadın düşmanlığı anlatıları yalnızca erkeklerin radikalleşmesine ve teröre kanalize olmasına hizmet etmekle kalmamaktadır. Söz konusu bu çalışma, feminist merak ve Eleştirel Terörizm Çalışmalarının kesişim noktasından esinlenerek terörizm sorunsalını kadın ve toplumsal cinsiyet merkezinde ele almaktadır.