bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENINGKATAN NISBAH IKAN NILA JANTAN MENGGUNAKAN 17α-METILTESTOSTERON MELALUI PAKAN
Authors: Barades Epro , Hartono Dwi Puji , Witoko Pindo , Aziz Rahmadi
Published: May 2020

Keberhasilan maskulinisasi pada ikan nila menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan hormon 17α-metiltestosteron (MT) lebih efektif dibandingkan suhu. Akan tetapi penggunaan hormon dengan cara pemberian melalui pakan belum menunjukkan hasil yang lebih baik dibandingkan dengan perendaman larva. Padahal secara aplikasi melalui pemberian pakan lebih mudah dilakukan. Oleh karena itu, pada penelitian kali ini akan dilakukan pemberian hormon melalui pakan dengan waktu percobaan pemberian pakan melebihi waktu kritis tertinggi, yaitu selama 30 dan 50 hari. D'Cotta et al. (2007) dan Ijiri et al. (2008) menyatakan bahwa waktu kritis untuk dilakukannya perubahan jenis kelamin pada ikan tilapia adalah 9-15 hari setelah pembuahan / day post fertilization / dpf. Tujuan yang ingin dicapai dalam penelitian ini adalah untuk mendapatkan periode waktu pemberian hormon 17α Metiltestosteron yang optimal melalui pakan untuk menghasilkan ikan nila monosex  jantan.Perlakuan menggunakan hormon 17α-metiltestoteron dengan dosis 60 mg /kg dengan perlakuan lama pemberian pakan 0, 30 dan 50 hari. Pengaruh lama waktu pemberian pakan mengandung hormon di uji menggunakan uji anova pada selang kepercayaan 95%. Hasil yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan 17α-metiltestoteron dalam sex reversal dengan dosis 60 mg/kg pakan dengan lamawaktu pemberian 0, 30 dan 50 hari menunjukkan adanya perbedaan jumlah kelamin ikan nila jantan yang dihasilkan. Akan tetapi tidak terlihat adanya perbedaan nyata pada nisbah kelamin jantan pada perlakukan 30 dan 50 hari pemebrian pakan. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa pemberian pakan hormon 17α-metiltestoteron melalui pakan selama 30- 50 hari setelah penetasan dapat meningkatkan nisbah kelamin jantan pada ikan nila lebih dari 80%.
CHARACTER EDUCATIONAL VALUE OF STEPHEN HAWKING IN THE THEORY OF EVERYTHING MOVIE DIRECTED BY JAMES MARSH
Authors: Mardewi Tati , Indriyani Furi
Published: June 2020

The purpose of the research is to analyze educational values from the Theory of Everything movie directed by James Marsh. It discusses about educational values that are shown in and depicted by Stephen Hawking. Educational values are never give up, self-confidence, love, friendly and polite, optimism, help each other, responsible and hard working. Theory of Everything is a perfect movie for analyzing educational values, as it tells about the life of Stephen hawking who tries keeping himself in fire even though there are so many inside and outside obstacles. Some scenes in this movie show in Educational values. After doing some processes of observation from many opinions of experts, journals, books, social media, Education value is education in the concerned with the development of the total personality of the individual intellectual, social, emotional, aesthetic, moral and spiritual. It involves developing sensitivity to the good, the right and the ability to choose the right values in accordance with the thought and action. So educational values that are shown by Stephen hawking can make us know how to be succeeded to reach our ambition.
Hermeneutis-Historis Terhadap Artefak-Artefak Kebudayaan Indonesia Sebuah Refleksi Kesadaran
Authors: Ferdianto Jujuk
Published: May 2020

Pelacakan hermeneutis-historis terhadap artefak-artefak Kebudayaan Indonesia sebagai bentuk keprihatinan dari setiap gejala kepunahan tradisi. Gejala pengabaian tradisi mulai muncul seiring dengan datangnya gelombang globalisasi yang meluluhlantakkan tradisi. Negara terlambat mengantisipasi berbagai kecenderungan yang muncul, terutama pada aspek kekayaan ilmu pengetahuan lokal, filsafat lokal dalam kebudayaan Nusantara. Kekayaan tersebuthendaknya dapat menjadi sebuah ilmupengetahuan yang mempola sistem pemikiran rasional tentang materi keilmuan di masyarakat. Pelacakan hermeneutis-historis menjadi strategi penyadaran dengan mengetengahkan tafsir sejarah terhadap fenomenologi sejarah yang terabaikan seperti kearifan lokal (local wisdom). Intinya manusia Indonesia perlu mengem­bangkan seluruh potensi kodrat yang dimiliki, terutama kodrat yang positif, yaitu jiwa (akal, rasa, karsa), sosial, dan spiritual. Ketiga potensi tersebut berkaitan dengan kecerdasan intelektual (IQ), kecerdasan emosional (EQ), kecerdasan spiritual/ moral (SQ), dan kecerdasan hambatan menjadi peluang/Adversity Quotient (AQ). Keempat kecerdasan tersebut merupakan modal setiap warga Indonesia untuk bisa memenangkan persaingan yang semakin ketat di era global ini.
RETRACTED NOTICE: Upacara Adat Kelahiran Sebagai Nilai Sosial Budaya Pada Masyarakat Suku Sasak Desa Pengadangan
Authors: Suhupawati Suhupawati
Published: May 2020

Artikel yang ditulis oleh saudara Suhupawati dengan judul "Upacara Adat Kelahiran Sebagai Nilai Sosial Budaya Pada Masyarakat Suku Sasak Desa Pengadangan" dihapus dari Fajar Historia: Jurnal Ilmu Sejarah dan Pendidikan pada Volume 1 Nomor 1 2017 dengan alamat https://e-journal.hamzanwadi.ac.id/index.php/fhs/article/view/581 karena Editor menemukan artikel dengan judul yang sama telah terbit di Historis: Jurnal Kajian, Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pendidikan Sejarah pada Volume 2 Nomor 2 2017 dengan tautan url https://journal.ummat.ac.id/index.php/historis/article/view/188. Artikel dipublish dalam rentang waktu berbeda dengan isi artikel yang sama, walaupun dengan tambahan penulis berbeda. Oleh karena itu, setelah melewati pertimbangan Tim Editor demi menjaga kualitas dan integritas akademik artikel dimaksud kami cabut. Demikian untuk diketahui dan dimaklumi. Terima kasih
Pola Pewarisan Budaya Syair Melayu di Lombok Timur (Kajian Sejarah Budaya)
Authors: Hadi Muhammad Shulhan
Published: May 2020

Tujuan penelitian ini berusaha menggali dan mengnalisa peranan Syair Melayu Islam dalam budaya Sasak di Lombok Timur khususnya di desa Rumbuk. Metode penelitian yang digunakan ialah metode sejarah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1) Proses masuknya Syair Melayu Islam bersamaan dengan proses masuknya Islam yang terus berkembang sampai saat ini; (2) Nilai yang terkandung dari beberapa kitab Syair Melayu Islam secara umum sangat berperan dan dapat mempengaruhi nilai keberagamaan masyarakat di desa Rumbuk; (3) Pewarisan budaya Syair Melayu Islam dilakukan melalui proses internalisasi, adapts, sosialisasi, serta enkulturasi atau pembudayaan.
Nilai-Nilai Budaya Yang Terdapat Pada Benda-Benda Peninggalan Purbakala dan Upaya Pelestariannya
Authors: Susanti LR Retno
Published: May 2020

Peninggalan purbakala bangsa Indonesia telah diketahui berkembang sejak masa Prasejarah sampai masa kini, dan merupakan warisan budaya dari nenek moyang yang sangat tinggi nilainya, baik sebagai sumber sejarah maupun sebagai sumber inspirasi bagi kehidupan bangsa masa kini dan yang akan datang. Oleh karena itu pemahaman mengenai nilai-nilai budaya peninggalan purbakala sangat penting untuk dapat mengetahui sejarah kehidupan nenek moyang kita.
Eksistensi Tradisi Jati Suara dalam Acara Khitanan di Desa Darmasari Lombok Timur (Suatu Tinjauan Sejarah Budaya)
Authors: Rasyad Abdul , Hanapi Hanapi
Published: May 2020

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah; (1) Untuk mengetahui sejarah Tradisi Jati Suara dalam acara khitanan di Desa Darmasari Kecamatan Sikur  Kabupaten Lombok Timur; (2) Untuk mengetahui proses pelaksanaan Tradisi Jati Suara dalam acara khitanan di Desa Darmasari Kecamatan Sikur Kabupaten Lombok Timur; dan (3) Untuk mengetahui dampak tradisi Jati Suara terhadap kehidupan sosial dan ekonomi masyarakat di Desa Darmasari Kecamatan Sikur Kabupaten Lombok Timur. Adapun metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode sejarah. Metode sejarah dalam pengertian yang lebih umum adalah penelitian suatu atas masalah dengan mengaplikasikan jalan pemecahannya dari perspektif historis. Peneliti menggunakan metode sejarah, karena dalam penelitian ini mengkaji eksistensi tradisi Jati Suara dalam Acara Khitanan di Desa Darmasari Kecamatan Sikur Kabupaten Lombok Timur. Metode sejarah merupakan cara atau teknik dalam merekonstruksi peristiwa masa lampau melalui empat tahapan kerja, yaitu heuristik, kritik sumber, interpretasi, dan historiografi.
Pengaruh Tekanan Dan Tahap Kompresi Dalam Pemurnian Biogas Menjadi Biometana Dengan Absorpsi CO2 Menggunakan Air Bertekanan
Authors: Raksajati Anggit , Adhi Tri Partono , Ariono Danu
Published: May 2020

Palm oil mill effluent (POME) from condensate stew, hydrocyclone water, and sludge separator contains organic carbon with a COD more than 40 g/L and a nitrogen content of about 0.2 and 0.5 g/L as ammonia nitrogen and total nitrogen. At present, the POME is converted into biogas using anaerobic ponds. Biogas produced contains 60% methane (CH4) and 40% carbon dioxide (CO2) and can be purified into biomethane through CO2 absorption using water. This study evaluates the optimum pressure and feed compression stage in biogas upgrading into biomethane. The results show the rate of circulation of water needed to separate CO2 from biogas feed decreases with increasing absorber pressure due to increased solubility of CO2 in water. Water circulation pumps and biogas compressor works increase due to the increase in pressure difference needed. The optimum pressure of the biogas biogas purification unit is within the range of 7-10 bar. At the same absorber pressure, the 1 stage feed compression unit is cheaper than that of 2 stages. However, the overall process with 1 compression stage might not be more economical than the 2-stage if consider the higher methane loss.
Sintesis Tetrapeptida Linear (DPAP) Menggunakan Metode Sintesis Peptida Fasa Padat (SPPS) Dan Aktivitas Insektisidanya Terhadap Ulat Krop Kubis
Authors: Yanti Eka Fitri , Maharani Rani
Published: May 2020

Crop cabbage worm (Crocidolomia pavonana) is one of the pests that has a bad effect on the cabbage production in Indonesia. One of the efforts that has been applied to control this pest is by using bayrusil. However, the bayrusil can cause negative effects such as poisoning and environmentally polluting effects. To prevent the undesired effects, it has been developed the use of environmentally friendly insecticide and one of them is the use of insecticidal peptide. Tripsin-modulating oostatic factor (TMOF) and ist analogues is one of the peptides that has an insecticidal activity. The aim of this research is to synthesise a linear tetrapeptide (DPAP) an analogues of TMOF and to test insecticidal activities against crop cabbage worm.  A DPAP has been synthesised by Solid Phase Peptide Synthesis on 2-chlorotrytil chloride resin. Fmoc strategy was applied on the synthesis and a combination DIC/Oxime was employed in the coupling reaction.The tetrapeptidyl resin was cleaved by TFA:water:EDT (90:5:5). The peptide was purified by reverse-phase column chromatography and characterized by TOF ES-MS spectroscopy. A linear peptide was biologically tested towards the C. pavonana, showing percentage of mortality values at 1000 ppm.
Kinetika Reaksi Hidrogenasi Ester Lemak Menjadi Alkohol Lemak Dengan Katalis Tembaga- Mangan
Authors: Gunawan Melia Laniwati , Makertihartha IGBN , Subagjo Subagjo
Published: May 2020

Fatty alcohol (FAOH) can be produced by hydrogenating of fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) using the copper-based catalyst. Copper-Chrom (Cu-Cr) is the best catalyst for high-pressure reaction condition, which is copper (Cu) as the main active component and chrom (Cr) as a promoter. Since Cr is feared to be toxic, one of the best replacement candidates is manganese (Mn). The research aims is to find the kinetic equation of hydrogenation FAME to FAOH using a Cu-Mn commercial catalyst.  FAME with methyl laurate and methyl myristate as the main compounds is used as feedstock. The main products are lauryl alcohol and myristyl alcohol. The reaction was carried out in an isothermal continuous fixed bed reactor under conditions of temperature 220 – 240 oC, pressure 50 bar, and liquid hourly space velocity (LHSV) 5-12.5 hr-1.  The kinetic equation is determined using the power law model. The FAME hydrogenation on copper - manganese catalyst is the half order reaction. The activation energy value is 86.32 kJ/mol and the Arrhenius constant value is 5.87x106  M0.5/s.
Analisis Kualitas Nata De Corn Dari Ekstrak Jagung Kuning Muda Dengan Variasi Lama Fermentasi
Authors: Sulistiyana Sulistiyana
Published: May 2020

In this research, nata de corn has been made from the young corn extract by Acetobacter xylinum. This research aims to make nata de corn with the variation of fermentation days and analyze the quality of nata de corn have been done. Fermentation days have been varied to look for the optimum conditions to obtain maximum quality. The variation of fermentation days was 11, 12, 13, and 14 days. Mass of young corn as substrate was 150 g/L solution. Then, Substrate was fermented using Acetobacter xylinum. The result of fermentation proses was called nata de corn. The nata de corn has been analyzed to obtain maximum % yield, water, and fibre content. The maximum % yield, water and fibre content were 46.82%, 93.13%, and 1.3%. This values in according to the standard quality of nata INS No.01-4317-1996.
Stability Indicating RP-HPLC for Quantification Mangiferin in Extract of Three Species Mango Leaves
Authors: Retnaningtyas Yuni , Kristiningrum Nia , Renggani Hidayah Dwi , Sary Indah Purnama
Published: May 2020

The stability indication of Reversed Phase-High Performance Liquid Chromatography (RP-HPLC) method was validated for quantitative determination of mangiferin on three species mango leaves (Mangifera odorata Griff, Mangifera foetida Lour, and Mangifera indica L.). The samples were extracted by maseration method using methanol and concentrated using rotary evaporator. The method carried out on stationary phase a purospher RP-18 endcapped (25 cm × 4.6 mm i.d., 5 µm) column with a mobile phase consisting of methanol: phosphoric acid 0.1% (v/v) (31:69); flow rate:0.8 mL/min; solvent methanol, detection was carried out at 258 nm. The analytical  performace this measurement is good with the value of linearity (r2=0.998), precision (%RSD=0.649%), and accuration (10.67%). The forced degradation studies were carried out according to the International Conference on Harmonization (ICH) guidelines. The results indicating that the complete separation between degradation products and mangiferin peak occured. The degradation limit of mangiferin 5–20% (according to the guideline of ICH) except in basic condition (100%). The method was succesful applied to determine of the mangiferin in  pakel (Mangifera foetida), kweni (Mangifera indica) and kopyor (Mangifera odorata) extract. The mangiferin content was obtained are pakel (9.95%), kopyor (7.40%) and kweni (Mangifera odorata) (2.49%) respectively.
An Overview of the History of Comparative Literature and the Recent State of the Comparative Literature Studies in Turkey
Authors: ÖZYÖN Arzu
Published: May 2020

This study mainly focuses on the current state of the Comparative Literature studies in Turkey, first giving an overall summary of the translation studies both in the Tanzimat Period of the Ottoman Empire and in the Republican Period which formed the basis for the birth of Comparative Literature. Tanzimat Period becomes the starting point in the interaction process between Turkish and especially French literature. Another important development occurs in 1940s, which is the systematic translation of well-known French classics into Turkish. During the 1950s and 1960s Comparative Literature is only given as a course in the departments of philology in İstanbul and Ankara Universities. Then, Comparative Literature departments start to be founded in universities in 1990s, followed by the opening of MA and PhD programs. Besides this, some publications starting from 1943 contribute to the institutionalisation of Comparative Literature, as well. Another significant development for the field is the Comparative Literature symposiums held in Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University between 1995-1998, which are followed by international Comparative Literature congresses later. While dwelling on the promising improvements in the field of Comparative Literature in Turkey mostly, the study also points out to some problematic points which hinder and decelerate the development of the field. Thus, what is new about this study is that, although it rephrases what has already been said so far, to some extent, it updates the literature by adding the most recent developments in the field of Comparative Literature.
Turkey and Africa in the Context of South-South Cooperation
Authors: BAYRAM Mürsel
Published: May 2020

In spite of their historical and cultural ties, Turkey and African countries did not develop close relations during the Cold War. The unstable environment in domestic politics of Turkey and several African countries hindered a proper rapprochement in the 1990s as well. Since the turn of the 21st century, however, they have been engaged in a fast-paced cooperation. Turkey’s growing engagement in Africa has progressed in tandem with that of other Asian powers, namely China, India, South Korea, Malaysia, and Indonesia. When the increasing presence in Africa of Latin American countries, of Brazil in particular, is added into the whole picture, it can be said that the first two decades of the 21st century has seen a boom in South South Cooperation. This paper treats the mentioned cooperation paradigm as a new aspect of Turkish foreign policy. Given the fact that Ankara was ideologically distanced to the Global South during and soon after the Cold War, the fast-paced Turkish-African cooperation over the last two decades denotes a partial revision in Turkish foreign policy orientation. In the context of this revisionist orientation, the main finding of the paper is that Turkey considers SSC as a way of not only reframing its relations with its African nations but also strengthening the cooperation between rising powers, underdeveloped nations and Islamic political-economic institutions.
Ekonomik Büyüme ve Sağlık Harcamaları Arasındaki İlişki: MINT Ülkelerinden Ampirik Kanıtlar
Authors: ŞAHİN Güller , YALÇINKAYA Eda
Published: May 2020

Ekonomik büyümenin sağlık koşullarını iyileştirip iyileştirmediği, dolayısıyla sağlık kanalıyla toplumsal refahı destekleyip desteklemediği tartışmaları devam etmektedir. Bazı araştırmacılar ekonomik büyümenin sağlık çıktılarını iyileştirdiğini, bazıları ise büyümenin faydalarının abartıldığını iddia etmektedir. Devam eden bu tartışmalar, sağlık ekonomisi literatüründe büyüme ve sağlık konusunda araştırmaların yapılmasını gerekli kılmaktadır. Bu araştırmanın amacı, 2000-2016 zaman aralığı içerisinde ekonomik büyüme ve sağlık harcamaları arasındaki ilişkiyi Meksika, Endonezya, Nijerya ve Türkiye ülkeleri örneklem kümesi kapsamında incelemektir. Amaç kapsamında, sağlık harcamaları, gayri safi yurtiçi hâsıla, kamu sağlık harcamaları, yaşam beklentisi, nüfus, yaşlı ve genç bağımlılık oranı değişkenleri arasındaki ilişkilerin tahmin işlemlerinde panel veri analizi metodolojisi izlenmiştir. Sabit katsayılar modeline ait sonuçlarda, gayri safi yurtiçi hâsılanın ve kamu harcamalarının sağlık harcamalarını artırdığı, genç ve yaşlı bağımlılık oranlarının ise azalttığı görülmüştür. Sonuçlara göre, gayri safi yurtiçi hâsıla ve kamu harcamaları %1 arttığında, sağlık harcamaları sırasıyla yaklaşık olarak %1.15 ve %0.57 artmakta; genç ve yaşlı bağımlılık oranları %1 arttığında ise, sağlık harcamaları sırasıyla yaklaşık olarak %4.79 ve %3.65 azalmaktadır.
Kalkınma Planlarında Sağlık Eğitimi: Ak Parti İktidarları Dönemi Üzerine İnceleme
Authors: SERİNOĞLU Ali
Published: May 2020

Nüfus yapısındaki değişmeler, bilimdeki ilerlemeler, kişilerin ve küreselleşen toplumların beklentilerindeki artış gibi sağlıkta paradigma farklılaşması sebebiyle, sağlık eğitimi her geçen gün daha önemli bir hale gelmiştir. Ülkemizde sağlık eğitimi kapsamında üniversitelerde tıp doktorluğu, diş hekimliği, eczacılık, fizyoterapistlik, hemşirelik, ebelik, sağlık teknikerliği ve diğer bazı sağlık mesleklerine yönelik hizmet öncesi eğitim programları verilmektedir. Kanunlar ve yönetmeliklerin yanı sıra sağlık eğitimi politikalarına ve uygulamalarına yön veren uluslararası antlaşmalar, hükümet programları ve kalkınma planları gibi bir dizi unsur bulunmaktadır. Bu çalışmada Türkiye’de son iktidar döneminde sağlık eğitimi politikalarını incelemek amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaçla AK Parti iktidarları döneminde hazırlanan Kalkınma Planlarında yer alan sağlık eğitimi politikaları incelenmiştir. Tarama modeli ile yürütülen bu araştırmada veriler doküman analizi yöntemlerinden betimsel analiz tekniği ile analiz edilmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda ulaşılan bazı sonuçlar şunlardır. Dokuzuncu Beş Yıllık Kalkınma Planında çoğunlukla sağlık personeli açığının giderilmesine yönelik olarak eğitim programlarının kontenjanlarının arttırılması gereği üzerinde durulmaktadır. Onuncu Beş Yıllık Kalkınma Planında ise nitelik sorununun üzerine daha çok önem verildiği görülmektedir. Dokuzuncu Beş Yıllık Kalkınma Planında yaşam kalitesinin yükseltilmesine yönelik sağlık araştırmalarının öncelikli alanlar olarak destekleneceği belirtilmiştir. Onuncu Beş Yıllık Kalkınma Planında tamamlayıcı tıbbın önemi vurgulanmış ve tamamlayıcı tıbbın, tıp eğitimine entegrasyonunun sağlanacağı belirtilmiştir.
Managing QT prolongation in the Era of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)
Authors: Purwowiyoto Sidhi Laksono , Hermanto Dony Yugo , Iqbal Muhammad
Published: May 2020

Indonesia has declared a COVID-19 outbreaks because of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in March 2020. COVID-19 has significantly increased morbidity and mortality worldwide. Some studies have shown good clinical outcomes with the use of combination of chloroquine or hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin. That drugs can prolong the QT interval and increase the risk of Torsade de Pointes (TdP). The risk is increasing in several conditions such as in critical patients, metabolic disorders, sepsis, multiorgan dysfunction and with drug-drug interactions. Cardiologists need to know how to manage this condition to reduce the risk of TdP.
Primary PCI in COVID-19 Pandemic: Be Cautious, It Might Reveal Itself Later
Authors: Parama Arief Luthfi , Rifanda Dmitri , Widodo Wishnu Aditya , Ruslim Daniel
Published: May 2020

Background: Acute ST-segment–elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) is a disease of high mortality and morbidity, and primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI) is the preferred therapy for patient in golden period or with hemodynamic instability.1,2 Currently the world has been declared under COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019) pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO).3 Signs and symptoms of COVID-19 patients can mimic acute decompensated heart failure, or induce acute cardiovascular problem.3 Screening is key, but there are conditions where physicians might miss positive COVID-19 cases, especially in critical cardiovascular emergency.

Case Illustration: A 60-year old male came to emergency room with breathlessness and chest pain 8 hours prior. He was diagnosed as acute inferior STEMI with acute lung edema and cardiogenic shock (KILLIP IV, acute heart failure wet and cold). COVID-19 screening was negative. Patient underwent PPCI, found to have total occlusion of right coronary artery (RCA) with thrombus and tight stenosis in left coronary artery (LAD). Successful PPCI to RCA was performed with TIMI 3 flow result, and hemodynamic improved. Ten hours after PPCI, hemodynamic deteriorated and peripheral oxygen saturation dropped. Patient was intubated and put on ventilator. Repeated chest X-Ray and thoracic CT showed lung condition has abruptly worsened  – with ground glass opacity (GGO) found. His condition worsened quickly, and family agreed to a do not resuscitate (DNR) consent.

Conclusion: Acute cardiovascular condition in COVID-19 Pandemics represent big challenges, especially in early diagnostic and cardiovascular intervention decision. We were presenting a case where signs and symptoms of COVID-19 might appear later. Therefore, in this pandemic era every emergency cardiovascular intervention with signs of respiratory problem should be performed as if patient was a positive COVID-19 case.
COVID 19 with Cardiac Injury Complication, A case Report
Authors: Saus Puti Sarah , Hanafy Dicky , Barack Rossana
Published: May 2020

Background : The Corona virus Disease COVID-19 have been independently associated with the cause of pneumonia and acute respiratory distress syndrome with high risk of mortality. Mounting evidence substantiates the presence of cardiac injury in patients with COVID-19. Although a recent study reported that 12% of patients had COVID-19 associated acute cardiac injury.

Case presentation : A 38 year old male was admitted with pneumonia and cardiac symptoms. He was genetically confirmed as COVID-19 by swab PCR testing, 1 week after admission. He also had elevated CKMB and Hs troponin T level, high Ferritin level, CRP, lymphopenia, and a slight increase in N/L ratio. Chest radiography showed bilateral pneumonia. The patient was confirmed to the diagnosis of Myocardial injury. After receiving tocilizumab and immunoglobulin, his condition improved gradually with the declining laboratory inflammation marker, but there was a secondary infection with an increased of leucocyte and worsen chest radiography, escalating antibiotic and metilprednisolon was given, the patient gradually improving.

Conclusion : COVID-19 patients may develop cardiac complication such as cardiac injury or myocarditis, and this is our first case of COVID-19 infection complicated with cardiac injury.
Cardiomyopathy in COVID-19 Survivors: Mechanism, Management, and Prevention
Authors: Sukmawan Renan
Published: May 2020

Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) caused by infection of SARS-CoV-2 as of April 2020 has been confirmed  in more than 2.3 million people, with more than 150 thousands deaths across the globe. It has been known that COVID-19 patients with underlying cardiovascular diseases and its risks including: hypertension, diabetes, coronary artery disease, and cerebrovascular diseases may develop more severe respiratory track symptoms requiring intensive care. Some patients may presenting with myocarditis or acute cardiomyopathy, which has high mortality and morbidity. There was also evidence of myocardial Injury with an increase of troponin in one-third of those infected by covid-19.  It is conceivable that among those who recover from COVID-19 infection, there is a risk of developing further cardiomypathy once the pandemic receding in the future. It is important to pay attention to this survivor group since the pandemic may be lasting for longer period. Optimal medical treatment and comprehensive prevention should be taken to manage those high risk patients of developing cardiomyopathy during hospital care as well post discharge. These includes provide best available COVID-19 drugs, cardiovascular medications, and social preventive measures.
Tantangan Penatalaksanaan STEMI di Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Ng Sunanto , Juzar Dafsah Arifa
Published: May 2020

The necessity of timely management of ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) is now disrupted by the Covid-19 pandemic. This paper discussed the challenge to manage STEMI in Indonesia due to Covid-19. It also discussed the alternative strategies for solution. Challenge can occur in term of the healthcare safety as well as STEMI patient safety. Healthcare safety potentially impaired by the problem of STEMI mimicry due to cardiovascular complication of Covid-10, inaccuracy of Covid-19 screening, lack of effective personal protection equipment for the healthcare and  appropriate catheterisation laboratory to anticipate virus contamination. The safety of STEMI patient is potentially impaired due to prolonged ischemia time, and the risk of cross-infection. Solution for this challenge should include mass screening, rapid and accurate test to rule-out Covid-19, dual system of hospital units - Covid and non-Covid, and algorithm for triage patients with STEMI and Covid-19.
Menulis Pandemi
Authors: Ng Sunanto
Published: May 2020

Dunia saat ini menghadapi situasi yang tidak pernah terjadi sebelumnya dalam sejarah manusia: pandemi Covid-19 (Gambar). Pengetahuan manusia mengenai penyakit Covid-19 secara pesat berkembang sejak laporan kasus awal dari Wuhan.1 Secara pesat, banyak laporan kasus, seri kasus, kohor dan belakangan studi mengenai Covid-19 dan tatalaksananya dilaporkan di berbagai jurnal. Beberapa jurnal esensial, seperti NEJM dan Lancet, bahkan menerbitkan isu khusus mengenai Covid-19. Pengetahuan tentang Covid-19 secara mayor boleh dikatakan berasal dari tiga klaster kohor epidemi; yaitu di China (terutama Wuhan), Italia, dan Amerika Serikat. Beberapa klaster lainnya, seperti dari Korea Selatan dan Jerman, melaporkan keberhasilan meredam perluasan epidemi.
Mobitz Type II Second-Degree Atrioventricular Block in a Pilot : To Pace or Not to Pace?
Authors: Salim Stephanie , Raharjo Sunu Budhi , Hermanto Dony Yugo , Hanafy Dicky Armein , Yuniadi Yoga , Salim Stephanie , Raharjo Sunu Budhi , Hermanto Dony Yugo , Hanafy Dicky Armein , Yuniadi Yoga
Published: May 2020

Background: Atrioventricular (AV) block is a threatening condition that caused sudden loss of consciousness and death, notably if happened to aircraft pilot will compromise the reliability of flight operations and safety. Cardiac arrhythmia is well known as one of the main disqualifier for loss of flying license, and discriminating between benign and potentially significant rhythm abnormalities remains a challenge. The present case describes the electrophysiological feature of a high-grade AV block in an aircraft pilot.

Case illustration: A 60-year-old male worked as commercial aircraft pilot presented with asymptomatic high-grade AV block during inflight Holter monitoring. He had never experienced any remarkable symptoms nor history of near syncope, but had a history of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with one stent at left circumflex (LCx) coronary artery. Electrophysiology (EP) study revealed AH interval of 105 ms, HV interval of 50 ms, AV node effective refractory period of 280 ms and Weckenbach point of 330 ms, suggesting a normal EP study. Stimulation with atrial pacing and ATP showed prolongation of AH interval without changes in HV interval, showing the presence of a supra-Hisian AV node dysfunction. The highly demanding physiological environment in aircraft elucidate the likelihood of vagotonic cause of his condition and pacemaker implantation was not warranted.

Conclusion: Atrioventricular (AV) block is an AV conduction disorder that can manifests in various symptoms and severity. Electrophysiology study is considered as a modality to locate the site of block that allows the avoidance of unnecessary permanent pacing and the appropriate prophylactic pacing.
Transient ischemic dilation as a diagnostic marker in myocardial perfusion SPECT protocols: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Namiranian Nasim , Emami Mahmood , Naghedi Aryan , Razavi-Ratki Seid Kazem
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Background: Transient ischemic dilation (TID) measures left ventricle (LV) volume changes which can be associated with combination of myocardial and endocardial ischemia. Various stress methods, single photon emission computerized tomography (SPECT) imaging protocol, camera and software incite controversy on TID cut off. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the TID ratio in detection of coronary artery disease (CAD) categories in a systematic review and meta-analysis. Method: We conducted a systematic search of electronic databases (PubMed, Scopus, Embase and Web of Science) up to 1 January 2017. The reference lists of all included studies were searched for a higher accuracy. The search strategy was according a defined PICO as P: none, I: Transient ischemic dilation, O: Coronary Artery Diseases, C: Angiographies. Statistical analysis was done by Comprehensive meta-analysis software version 2 (CMA-2).

Result: After study selection process, 7 studies were selected for data extraction. TID was studied from 1987. The sample size of included studies ranged between 86 and 545. The mean age of included patients varied between 58 and 69 years old. Ranges of TID in CAD categories were excluded. The pooled estimates of TID in single and dual pharmacological stress test in three CAD categories were calculated.

Conclusion: Our findings show that more studies are needed to compare the TID variability. Although in this study meta-analysis was done and TID was summarized from studies but the software differences were ignored.
Effect of Remote Ischemic Postconditioning on miRNA-145 and Troponin I levels in STEMI patients undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention
Authors: Permatasari Pradita Diah , Fadil Muhammad , Syafri Masrul
Published: May 2020

Background: Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention Procedure (PPCI) results in reperfusion injury which will result in more extensive infarction. Remote Ischemic Postconditioning (RIPC) is a protective strategy to reduce the increase in the area of ??infarction. miRNA-145 also plays a role in the protective effect of IPC and RIPC.

 

Research Methods: This study uses a pre and post test approach only with control group design with experimental research designs. Data is taken at the Integrated Heart Services Installation RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang from July to November 2019, 40 patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) performed RIPC. Bivariate analysis was performed to determine differences in levels of miRNA-145 and troponin I in STEMI patients underwent PPCI with and without RIPC using the Wilcoxon test and the Mann Whitney test.

 

Results:A total of 40 patients who underwent the PPCI procedure were divided into two groups PPCI + RIPC (n = 20) and PPCI without RIPC (n = 20). There were no significant differences in the basic characteristics between the two groups. There were no significant difference in escalation of median expression of miRNA-145 in PPCI+ RIPC [pre test 36.33 (27.44-52.39), post test 34.83 (27.65-65.26), p = 0.765] compared to PPCI without RIPC [pre test 31.66 (26.31-43.28), post test 33.43 (26.83-64.97), p = 0.765]. There were an increase in median troponin I levels in both groups, PPCI+ RIPC [pretest 4,104.70 (67.30-40,000.00), post test 30,448.50 (120.00-16.3192.20), p = 0.001] and PPCI without RIPC [pretest 826.50 (17.00-48.259.00), post test 42.784.50 (2,119.00-162.897.00), p = <0.001].

 

Conclusion:There were no significant difference in median expression of miRNA-145 in STEMI patients before and after (48 hours) underwent PPCI+RIPC and PPCI without RIPC. There were a significant difference in median levels of troponin I in STEMI patients before and after (48 hours) underwent PPCI+RIPC and PPCI without RIPC.

Keywords: Remote Ischemic Postconditioning, miRNA-145, troponin I
Deteksi dan Penanganan Awal Miokarditis dan Miokarditis Fulminan
Authors: Nauli Siti Elkana , Prameswari Hawani Sasmaya
Published: May 2020

Miokarditis umumnya terjadi akibat infeksi sistemik dari virus yang bersifat kardiotropik. Pada kondisi miokarditis akut ini dapat menyebabkan gangguan hemodinamik atau aritmia letal. Studi terbaru menunjukkan tatalaksana miokarditis terkait penyebab ditambah dengan “guideline directed medical care” akan memberi keluaran yang baik. Presentasi klinis miokarditis beragam dari  yang tidak terlalu berat sampai dengan syok kardiogenik. Dengan perkembangan terapi saat ini, bantuan sirkulasi extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) dan deteksi dini miokarditis fulminan, maka miokarditis dapat tertangani dengan baik. Dugaan miokarditis fulminan pada COVID-19 telah dilaporkan pada beberapa laporan kasus namun belum ada bukti patologi yang telah terkonfirmasi dari spesimen miokard adanya keterlibatan virus pada miokarditis COVID-19. Pada kasus dengan gambaran critical ill didapatkan tanda dan bukti peningkatan biomarker kerusakan miokard (cTn) dan peningkatan biomarker akibat stress dinding ventrikel kiri (BNP atau NTproBNP). Pada beberapa kasus, pemberian imunosupresan dan monitoring yang baik dapat meningkatkan peluang remisi.

Kata kunci : Miokarditis, fulminan, COVID 19
Problems and Prospects of Interdisciplinary Consciousness Studies “Problems of Consciousness: Research Opportunities” Round Table Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, January 28, 2019
Authors: Dubrovsky D. I. , Bulov Ilya Y.
Published: May 2020

In January 2019 the Faculty of Philosophy of the Lomonosov Moscow State University held the round table “Problems of Consciousness: Research Opportunities.” It was dedicated to problems of interdisciplinary studies of consciousness. Many famous Russian specialists whose academic interests include consciousness, brain and mind took part in this event: K.V. Anokhin, D.I. Dubrovsky, T.V. Chernigovskaya, M.A. Piradov, A.A. Potapov, V.Y. Sergin, V.V. Vasil’ev, Z.A. Zorina and others. At the round table, the following problems were discussed: the specificity of consciousness problem, its relevance in various academic disciplines, contemporary research possibilities for consciousness studies to solve the problems that specialists actually face. Much attention was paid to the problems of neurobiology, empirical research of consciousness. Nonetheless, participants showed in their speeches that the problem of consciousness is also a philosophical problem. Hence it requires thoughtful consideration of philosophers. Participants decided that to progress in solving this problem researches from various (not only natural) disciplines have to cooperate.
Does a Ribosome Really Read? On the Cognitive Roots and Heuristic Value of Linguistic Metaphors in Molecular Genetics Part 2
Authors: Zolyan Suren T.
Published: May 2020

We discuss the role of linguistic metaphors as a cognitive frame for the understanding of genetic information processing. The essential similarity between language and genetic information processing has been recognized since the very beginning, and many prominent scholars have noted the possibility of considering genes and genomes as texts or languages. Most of the core terms in molecular biology are based on linguistic metaphors. The processing of genetic information is understood as some operations on text – writing, reading and editing and their specification (encoding/decoding, proofreading, transcription, translation, reading frame). The concept of gene reading can be traced from the archaic idea of the equation of Life and Nature with the Book. Thus, the genetics itself can be metaphorically represented as some operations on text (deciphering, understanding, codebreaking, transcribing, editing, etc.), which are performed by scientists. At the same time linguistic metaphors portrayed gene entities also as having the ability of reading. In the case of such “bio-reading” some essential features similar to the processes of human reading can be revealed: this is an ability to identify the biochemical sequences based on their function in an abstract system and distinguish between type and its contextual tokens of the same type. Metaphors seem to be an effective instrument for representation, as they make possible a two-dimensional description: biochemical by its experimental empirical results and textual based on the cognitive models of comprehension. In addition to their heuristic value, linguistic metaphors are based on the essential characteristics of genetic information derived from its dual nature: biochemical by its substance, textual (or quasi-textual) by its formal organization. It can be concluded that linguistic metaphors denoting biochemical objects and processes seem to be a method of description and explanation of these heterogeneous properties.
Does a Ribosome Really Read? On the Cognitive Roots and Heuristic Value of Linguistic Metaphors in Molecular Genetics. Part 1
Authors: Zolyan Suren T.
Published: May 2020

We discuss the role of linguistic metaphors as a cognitive frame for the understanding of genetic information processing. The essential similarity between language and genetic information processing has been recognized since the very beginning, and many prominent scholars have noted the possibility of considering genes and genomes as texts or languages. Most of the core terms in molecular biology are based on linguistic metaphors. The processing of genetic information is understood as some operations on text – writing, reading and editing and their specification (encoding/decoding, proofreading, transcription, translation, reading frame). The concept of gene reading can be traced from the archaic idea of the equation of Life and Nature with the Book. Thus, the genetics itself can be metaphorically represented as some operations on text (deciphering, understanding, codebreaking, transcribing, editing, etc.), which are performed by scientists. At the same time linguistic metaphors portrayed gene entities also as having the ability of reading. In the case of such “bio-reading” some essential features similar to the processes of human reading can be revealed: this is an ability to identify the biochemical sequences based on their function in an abstract system and distinguish between type and its contextual tokens of the same type. Metaphors seem to be an effective instrument for representation, as they make possible a two-dimensional description: biochemical by its experimental empirical results and textual according to the cognitive models of comprehension. In addition to their heuristic value, linguistic metaphors are based on the essential characteristics of genetic information derived from its dual nature: biochemical by its substance, textual (or quasitextual) by its formal organization. It can be concluded that linguistic metaphors denoting biochemical objects and processes seem to be a method of description and explanation of these heterogeneous properties.
World War and Society (Book Review:Society. National Strategy. War: Political and Strategic Lessons of the First World War by V.K. Belozerov, I.S. Danilenko, A.I. Emelyanov, A.Y. Kasyuk, & A.V. Soloviev)
Authors: Selivanov Alexander I.
Published: May 2020

The article reviews the concepts of the multi-author book Society. National Strategy. War: Political and Strategic Lessons of the First World War. This collective research is notable for rich original scientific apparatus and methodological proficiency. Thus, the analysis of participating countries is conducted according to a single template, which includes: the state of pre-war society in all participating countries (including the assessment of the level of credibility and efficiency of the ruling elites, crises of political regimes, attempts to save regimes by means of war, accumulated internal socio-economic and political problems); goals of engaging in war and expectations of the powerful and financial elites for the war (or lack of goals); assessment of how did different strata of society find the war; the evolution of the morale of the people during the war; problems that arose during the war (diseases, food, military resources, losses, discontent, etc.); the evolution of women’s position in society during the war, the development of a broad segment of women-workers, the extension of emancipation as one of the positive results of the war; the outcome of the war for the country (losses and gains). Special attention is drawn to the pacifist nature of the ideology of the reviewed research, demonstration of deprivation and suffering of people in all countries. The book’s authors identify the main causes of the First World War: ambitions and inefficiency of the world’s elites, the lack of a coherent strategy. As the result, the USA, thanks to their strategy, received the maximum dividends with minimal participation. At the same time, it is noted that the context of research on the nature of war should be expanded to take into account the general competition of countries and civilizations. The authors comprehensively analyze the informational and propaganda activities of the participating countries and conclude that England’s activities in this field were the most effective. Based on the methodology of this collective research, the nature of a future world war, its potential participants and their goals can be considered.
The Philosophy of War: Unity in Diversity
Authors: Soloviev Alexey V.
Published: May 2020

The article discusses the diversity of the subject field of the philosophy of war as well as the internal integrity of the discipline, united by the focus on the philosophical understanding of the phenomenon of war. The author shows the role of H. Lloyd, who influenced K. Clausewitz, H. Jomini and their followers’ interpretation of the meaning and content of the subject area of the philosophy of war. In the abundance of specific topics addressed by philosophers of this field, the following topics should be noted: the issue of victory and defeat and their interpretation as well as the issue of historical memory. This problem is projected on contemporaneity and reflects the deep connection between peace and war, the dialectic of their relations. The interpretation of certain military and political events is of real interest in the light of the processes of distortion of historical events that have radically affected the course of history. An analysis of the motives and causes of this process is supposes to reconstruct an objective picture of relations between the subjects of international relations in various periods of history. The author finds answers in already existing concepts that have been developed in our time. It is important to mention the project of the French philosopher Charles Renouvier, who put forward the concept of “uchronia,” which became the starting point for the consideration of historical events in the “subjunctive mood.” This genre of historiosophical fantasy was picked up by famous followers – by the former President of France V. Giscard d’Estaing and others. The article provides eyewitness accounts of historical events (in particular, the campaign of Napoleon in Russia) that are historical facts and help to understand the true state of things. The article demonstrates that the philosophical study of the problem of war is important for understanding the origins and essence of relations arising from the transition between peaceful and military states.
A RELAÇÃO ENTRE VARIÁVEIS SOCIODEMOGRAFICAS E UMA MARCA TOP OF MIND DE COSMETICOS
Authors: Castro Jéssyca Lages de Carvalho , Pitombeira Renata Torquato de Araújo , Ferreira Neto Macário Neri , Caetano Tiago Morais , Sobral e Silva Felipe Albuquerque
Published: May 2020

O estudo sobre o comportamento do consumidor é importante para que as empresas construam suas marcas e consquistem consumidores, de forma que possam enfrentar a concorrência e manter a continuidade dos negócios. Neste sentindo, o presente trabalho tem como objetivo verificar se as variáveis sociodemograficas se relacionam com a marca top of mind para cuidados com os cabelos. Para tanto se utilizou de uma pesquisa descritiva, bibliográfica, do tipo survey e com a utilização de questionários semiestruturados que foram aplicados em uma amostra não probabilística e por conviniência, sendo os questionários distribuídos com uso das redes sociais e internet. Os dados foram analisados com o uso de técnicas estatística descritiva, correlação de Pearson e regressão linear simples. Após as análises se verificou uma correlação entre duas variáveis que apresentou um R² de 3,88%, não sendo possível aplicar as técnicas de regressão linear tendo em vista o não cumprimentos dos pressupostos de normalidade e homoscedastidade para o uso do modelo. Portanto, como principais achados, tem-se a marca Pantene com mais lembrada, que a melhor correlação entre as marcas e as variáveis sociodemográficas foi pantene e renda familiar, não sendo possível elaborar uma equação preditiva desta relação.