bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Relationship between Husband's Social Support and Participation in Pregnant Women Class in Denpasar City in 2019
Authors: Laksmi Ni Putu Citra
Published: December 2023

The Pregnant Women class program is one of the government programs to increase the knowledge of pregnant women about pregnancy, preparation for childbirth, postpartum, newborns, and toddler development so that mothers are expected to be able to identify health problems experienced, but maternal participation in the class of pregnant women is low. The husband's social support is a strengthening factor for mothers to be able to participate in classes for pregnant women. This study aims to see whether there is a relationship between a husband's social support and participation in classes for pregnant women. This study is an observational analytical study with a cross-sectional approach. The sampling technique is non-probability sampling by consecutive sampling of 78 people. This research was conducted from April 1 to May 1, 2019, at the Denpasar City Health Center. The results showed that most of the husband's social support was weak (56%) and mothers did not participate in classes for pregnant women (56%). Statistical tests with the correlation of contingency coefficients obtained ρ  =  0.000 value and r value = 0.707, meaning that there is a strong relationship between the husband's social support and participation in pregnant women's classes. The implication of this study is to increase knowledge related to husbands' social support factors that play a role in women's participation in pregnant women's classes.
ChatGPT Role in a Medical Survey
Authors: AlSamhori Abdel Rahman Feras , AlSamhori Jehad Feras , AlSamhori Ahmad Feras
Published: December 2023

Significant progress has been made in AI over the past decade, but its application in clinical care remains limited. However, ChatGPT, an advanced language model developed by OpenAI, shows great promise in medicine and can significantly impact medical surveys by improving data collection and generating valuable insights for better healthcare outcomes. ChatGPT has the potential to enhance survey research by assisting in various aspects, including survey design, sampling, data cleaning, analysis, and reporting, improving the quality and efficiency of the research process. AI chatbots like ChatGPT in survey administration can enhance response rates and participant engagement, providing a better user experience and capturing more comprehensive data. Numerous studies have demonstrated ChatGPT's impressive performance in clinical reasoning exams, addressing complex questions in pathology, microbiology, and life support scenarios, making it a valuable tool for data analysis and decision-making in healthcare. While using ChatGPT in medical surveys offers advantages such as accessibility, language versatility, knowledge democratization, and efficiency, there are also disadvantages, including response sensitivity, data limitations, accuracy concerns, bias, and limited access to recent literature. Ethical concerns in AI healthcare include privacy issues, mistrust in AI systems, societal prejudices, and racial biases, which can be addressed through privacy protection measures, transparency, trust-building efforts, bias mitigation strategies, and involving relevant stakeholders in the process.
Reporting studies conducted using Open Access Data (ROAD) guideline statement
Authors: Alryalat Saif Aldeen , Malkawi Lna , Farah Randa
Published: December 2023

The growing availability of open access data presents numerous opportunities for researchers, but also raises challenges in terms of adequately reporting methods and findings. This article presents the Reporting of Studies Conducted using Open Access Data (ROAD) guidelines: a comprehensive, practical framework developed to standardize and improve the reporting of research using open access data. The guidelines were built upon existing principles for observational studies, tailored specifically to address the context of open data use. Their development involved an extensive review of published open data studies, and input from a diverse panel of experts through a series of consensus meetings. The ROAD guidelines encompass various aspects of study reporting, including specifying the original dataset, articulating study design and setting, detailing participant selection and variables, and acknowledging data providers. By enhancing transparency and reproducibility, these guidelines aim to improve the quality of research reports, ensure accurate interpretation of results , and foster more effective use of open access data in the scientific community. We invite feedback and further refinement from researchers and practitioners to ensure the continued relevance of the ROAD guidelines in the dynamic landscape of open data research.
Image Annotation Software for Artificial Intelligence Applications
Authors: Musleh Ayman , AlRyalat Saif Aldeen , Qasem Ahmad
Published: December 2023

Introduction:

The growing trend in artificial intelligence has recently highlighted the demand for user-friendly and effective annotation tools for researchers. Therefore, we conducted a review to assess existing annotation software that has been used in ophthalmology projects and/or available on the web.

 

Methods:

We systematically searched for AI ophthalmology studies using annotation software on PubMed on 8th July 2022 with specific criteria. Only original English articles related to ophthalmic AI were considered. From these, we identified annotation software used and conducted a subsequent Google search for additional software. Each software was evaluated based on factors like development year, accessibility, and citations of its original paper. Practicality criteria for the software included independence from external libraries, size under 100 MB, cost, and versatility in image input and output formats.

 

Results:

We identified 131 image annotation software, of which 10 met our criteria. Among the software tools utilized for image annotation in ophthalmology papers, only CVAT and ImageJ were freely accessible. This paper provides a concise overview of the 10 image annotation software.

Conclusions

We systematically analyzed annotation software for fundus image annotation, highlighting 10 primary tools with varied functionalities. However, this study is limited to AI-related software, underscoring the need for continual updates due to the evolving nature of image annotation tools.
Peak Blood Lactate at 24 h after ECMO Can Predict 30-day Mortality in Infants after Complex Cardiac Surgery
Authors: Meng Fanwei , Li Jianchao , Liang Weijie , Dong Haoju , Li Bing , Qian Xiaoliang , Yang Leiyi , Cheng Zhaoyun
Published: December 2023

Objective: Peak blood lactate at 24 h after extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) can predict 30-day mortality in infants after complex cardiac surgery. Methods: Twenty-eight infants with ECMO after complex congenital heart disease surgery were selected from March 2019 to March 2022 in our hospital. The infants were divided into survival group (n = 11) and non-survival group (n = 17) according to 30-day survival after discharge from hospital. The risk factors at 30-day mortality after discharge were analyzed by Cox regression analysis. Results: When compared to the non-survival group, there were significant differences in peak blood lactate at 24 h after ECMO, liver dysfunction and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) in the survival group (p < 0.05). Cox regression analysis showed that peak blood lactate at 24 h after ECMO (HR = 1.074, 95% CI: 1.005–1.149, p = 0.036) and MODS (HR = 4.120, 95% CI: 1.373–12.362, p = 0.012) were related risk factors affecting the prognosis of infants. The best cutoff value for the peak blood lactate at 24 h after ECMO was 10.2 mmol/L. The area under the curve (AUC) for predicting the 30-day survival rate of the ECMO assisted infants after discharge from hospital was 0.770 (95% CI: 0.592–0.948, p = 0.018), with a sensitivity of 94.1% and specificity of 54.5%. Conclusion: The peak blood lactate at 24 h after ECMO can predict the 30-day mortality after discharge of infants treated with ECMO after complex cardiac surgery. The best cut-off value for peak blood lactate at 24 h after ECMO was 10.2 mmol/L.
Exploring the Effects of Collaborative Peer Written Corrective Feedback on EFL Students’ Business English Writing Performance
Authors: Phe Chu Quang
Published: December 2023

The paper aims to explore the efficacy of collaborative written corrective feedback (CPWCF) on EFL students’ business English writing performance. The author designed the quasi-experimental research, and deployed class observations, content analyses of English major students’ weekly papers in combination with their pretest and posttest results to understand how CPWCF influences students’ business English writing performance. In addition, he adopted Bandura’s Social Cognitive Learning Theory(1989) as the analytical framework to view the experimental results. The findings indicate that the experimental group students are motivated by giving and receiving CPWCF, and they benefit from giving CPWCF more than receiving it. Moreover, they outperformed those in the controlled group in terms of task fulfillment, organization, vocabulary, and grammar. Regarding the writing process, CPWCF is influenced by different aspects of students’ behavior, their cognitive ability, and the learning environment. In short, CPWCF has led to students’ improved writing performance.
Evaluación imagenológica de osteocondroma de cabeza mandibular. Reporte de caso
Authors: Rodríguez Brigitte , Flores Miguel , Llanos Silvio , Hernández-Andara Adalsa , Rosales Hemil
Published: December 2023

El osteocondroma es uno de los tumores óseos benignos más comunes en los huesos axiales, sin embargo, suele encontrarse con poca frecuencia en la región craneofacial, dónde más de la mitad de los casos se localizan en la apófisis coronoides y en la cabeza mandibular. El propósito de este artículo es presentar un caso de osteocondroma en la cabeza mandibular, diagnosticado
mediante tomografía computarizada y posteriormente tratado mediante condilectomía. Se trata de una paciente de 50 años, quien solicitó atención en el servicio de cirugía maxilofacial del Hospital General del Oeste “Dr. José Gregorio Hernández”. Durante la evaluación la paciente refiere dolor en la articulación temporomandibular izquierda, desde hace varios meses, asociado a limitación de la apertura bucal. La tomografía computarizada reveló un aumento en las dimensiones de la cabeza mandibular izquierda y cambios en su morfología en comparación con la contralateral. Basándose en el diagnóstico presuntivo de osteocondroma, en consideración a la síntomas y signos de la paciente se determinó realizar una condilectomía izquierda. Seis meses después de la intervención, la paciente no presenta ningún síntoma y disfruta de una apertura bucal óptima. Los hallazgos
tomográficos en este caso fueron determinantes para orientar el tratamiento quirúrgico.
Vegetação dos campos de altitude no planalto de Poços de Caldas, Minas Gerais
Authors: Williams Eric Arruda , Botezelli Luciana , Braga João Paulo de Lima , Godoy Ederson José de
Published: December 2023

Os campos de altitude são uma das formações vegetais que compõem a paisagem do Planalto de Poços de Caldas. As formações campestres muitas vezes passam despercebidas à população e não despertam interesse ou reconhecimento como componente importante do ecossistema local. O objetivo deste trabalho foi apresentar as tipologias dos campos de altitude do Planalto de Poços de Caldas, aspectos legais e relacionados à manutenção desta formação vegetal. Diante do exposto no estudo, concluiu-se que é necessário intensificar os estudos acerca dos campos de altitude, divulgar à população sua importância no equilíbrio ambiental e incentivar a aplicação adequada da lei da Mata Atlântica e normativas correlatas, visando a efetiva proteção não só das espécies ameaçadas como dos campos de altitude como um todo.
Design Information Systems for Malnutrition Analysis Apriori Algorithm
Authors: Indri Sulistianingsih  , Wirda Fitriani  , Darmeli Nasution
Published: December 2023

Malnutrition drives lasting detriments across individual and community wellbeing, requiring data-informed action. Advanced analytics through information systems present pathways for revelatory pattern detection from multidimensional health data. This paper outlines a system design encompassing preprocessing, modeling, analysis and interpretation techniques for mining malnutrition dataset through Apriori algorithm. The core data mining methodology enables extraction of frequencies, associations and prediction rules linking nutritional status parameters and food intake patterns. Custom algorithms filter results to high-confidence associations via statistical measures before expert evaluation. System testing verifies accurate architecture for surfaced dietary risk factors of malnutrition down to village-level. The systemization and computational augmentation of health insight derivation provides a template for needs-based analytics platforms. By targeting analysis to community data, impactful interventions become possible. The potential of customized information systems with data mining at the core is highlighted alongside domain challenges requiring cross-disciplinary impetus. The data-to-decisions system with embedded Apriori pipelines demonstrates applied informatics transforming malnutrition strategy through unveiling actionable patterns within intricacies of public welfare data.
Designing An Attendance Application With A Web-Based Face Camera
Authors: Eko Hariyanto  , Sri Wahyuni  , Rifki Akmal  , Booni Tauhid
Published: December 2023

This research discuss the design of a web-based student attendance application aimed at facilitating student attendance at the Medan Tourism Polytechnic, a vocational higher education institution supervised by the Ministry of Tourism and Creative Economy of the Republic of Indonesia. The Medan Tourism Polytechnic is a state university focusing on providing education for the tourism and hospitality industry in Indonesia. The Three Pillars of Higher Education in this field were established by the Medan Tourism Polytechnic with the objective of disseminating tourism-based education, instilling student discipline, and fostering Indonesian personality traits. Currently, the Medan Tourism Polytechnic employs a semi-manual attendance procedure using Microsoft Excel. This attendance application was developed with a database created using PHP and MySQL programming languages. The research findings indicate that students can perform self-attendance using facial recognition technology, which would make attendance more efficient and reduce fraud. Furthermore, this research demonstrates and anticipates that more effective attendance methods can enhance student discipline
Analysis Business Model Of SMEs Craft Industry In The North Sumatra Province
Authors: Samrin
Published: December 2023

The aim of this research is to determine and analyze the SWOT formulation of the shell industry business in Provinsi Sumatera Utara. The data processing and analysis methods used were factor tests and discriminant analysis using the Cochran and Kaiser Meyer Olkin Measure of Sampling (KMO) tests. It is hoped that the results of this research can strengthen the results of previous year's research by exploring potential marketing strategies and comparisons of each industry. The formulation of a blue ocean strategy that can be recommended to Provinsi Sumatera Utara Small and Medium Industries (HCI), includes: (1) Through the six paths framework, there are four alternatives that can be used by Provinsi Sumatera Utara SMEs to reconstruct its market boundaries, including looking at alternative industries, strategic groups, complementary product and service offerings, and emotional-functional appeal for buyers. (2) Formulation of a four-step framework by enhancing hospitality and decorum; as well as creating hall or auditorium packages for exhibitions as well as product packages, supporting facilities, promotions via social networks, light visualization concepts, and rental of stands to provide appetizers. (3) Strategy formulation has three good characteristics, namely focusing on service and improving product marketing, divergent with the creation of new factors that can make Provinsi Sumatera Utara SMEs stay away from competition. Formulation Model The competitive strategy for the Shellfish industry is formulated using the SWOT Strategy, namely (1) The appropriate SWOT strategy for Shellfish SMEs in developing their business and facing competition between businesses (commercial studies) is another market penetration strategy that emerges from the QSPM matrix. (2) The factor that is the advantage of the Shell Shell HCI which can be used to increase competitiveness in facing competition between used tire businesses is the cheaper price factor. (3) There are 9 key strategic factors that influence competition between HCI Shellfish and its competitors, these strategic factors are finance, price, operational techniques, operational costs, facilities and infrastructure, promotion and advertising, transportation facilities, service quality, completeness of business operational equipment.
İKLİM DEĞİŞİKLİĞİNE ADAPTASYON İÇİN TRB1 BÖLGESİNİN TARIMSAL ÜRETİM VERİLERİNİN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ
Authors: ÇELİK Kürşat
Published: December 2023

İklim değişikliği, insanlık tarihi boyunca karşılaşılan doğal bir olay olmakla birlikte, günümüzde daha ciddi bir sorun haline gelmiştir. İklim değişikliğinin etkileri, insan hayatını ve uygarlıkların gelişimini doğrudan etkilemektedir. Bu nedenle, iklim değişikliğiyle mücadele etmek ve uyum sağlamak, hem devletlerin hem de bireylerin sorumluluğudur. Geçmişte yaşamış olan Anadolu ve çevresindeki eski topluluklar, iklim değişikliğine karşı çeşitli önlemler almış ve yenilikler geliştirmişlerdir. Bu önlemler ve yenilikler, günümüzde de bize örnek olabilir ve ilham verebilir. İklim değişikliğinin etkilerini en aza indirmek için, risk yönetimi ve kritik kontrol noktalarında alınması gereken önlemler hayati önem taşımaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, TRB1 bölgesinde (Bingöl, Elazığ, Malatya ve Tunceli) geçmişten günümüze yetiştirilen tarımsal ürünlerin belirlenmesi ve böylece iklim değişikliğine uyum ve adaptasyon süreçlerine katkıda bulunmaktır. Bu çalışmada, TRB1 bölgesinde bitkisel üretim ve hayvancılık alanlarında üretilen temel ürünlerin miktarları illerin nüfusuna göre karşılaştırılmış ve artış veya azalış eğilimleri incelenmiştir. Böylelikle, TRB1 bölgesindeki ekim alanları ve ürün desenlerinin geçmişle günümüz arasındaki değişimi ortaya konmuştur. Günümüzde, TRB1 bölgesinde en fazla yetiştirilen ürünlerin hububat olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Bu ürünler arasında, buğdayın yerini arpanın aldığı dikkat çekmektedir. Bölgede iklim değişikliğine bağlı olarak her yıl yaşanan doğal afetler nedeniyle ürün miktarlarında büyük dalgalanmalar meydana gelmiştir. Bölgedeki en hassas sektör arıcılık ve bal üretimidir. Bölgede küçükbaş hayvancılığın yerini zamanla büyükbaş hayvancılık almıştır.
Suomen ortodoksisen kirkon papisto kanonisessa traditiossa ja kirkkolaissa
Authors: Fyrqvist Sami , Metso Pekka
Published: December 2023

Artikkelissa tutkitaan miten kanoninen perinne ja suomalainen kirkkolainsäädäntö säätelevät Suomen ortodoksisen papiston asemaa ja hallinnollisia tehtäviä. Tutkimus nousee Suomen ortodoksisen kirkon kahtalaisesta perustasta: sitä määrittävät yhtäältä ortodoksisen kirkon kanonit, toisaalta Suomen lainsäädäntö. Niiden väliseen suhteeseen liittyy ajankohtainen keskustelu kanonisen perinteen ja valtiollisen lainsäädännön sovittamisesta. Artikkeli osoittaa, että kanonit ja kirkkolaki edustavat monella tapaa erilaista ymmärrystä papiston hallinnollisesta asemasta ja tehtävistä.
Kanoninen traditio on korostuneen piispakeskeinen, mikä näkyy hiippakuntakeskeisyytenä ja piispainkokouksen asemassa paikalliskirkon ylintä valtaa käyttävänä elimenä. Piispoja lukuun ottamatta papiston hallinnollinen asema on kapea eikä seurakunnilla ole itsenäisyyttä hiippakunnasta.
Kirkkolainsäädännön mukaan korkein valta kirkossa on maallikkoenemmistöisellä kirkolliskokouksella, jossa papisto on laajasti edustettuna. Kirkon yleiseen hallintoon osallistuvat hiippakuntapiispojen lisäksi maallikkojen ja papiston edustajat. Kanoninen perinne ei tunne kirkkoherran tointa, jolla on kirkkolainsäädännössä keskeinen rooli seurakunnan hallinnossa.
Oletettavasti jatkossakin hyväksytään kanonisen perinteen ja maallisen lainsäädännön jännitteisyys, mutta Suomen ortodoksisen kirkon hallinonuudistuksen prosesseissa etsitään keinoja niiden nykyistä parempaan sovittamiseen.
Mirroring the Majority?
Authors: Bastubacka Johan
Published: December 2023

This article places particular emphasis on examining the legislative repercussions and interpretations of the 1923 Patriarchal Tomos, a document that played a crucial role in facilitating this transitional period. The first instance of the 1925 government decree marked the beginning of a series of decrees aimed at comprehensively addressing the new circumstances. These included the recognition of the authority of an independent republic, the modification of the Patriarchate, and the provisions outlined in the Tomos. In the context of this article, my research objective is to examine how the process of transforming the Archdiocese into a national minority state church unfolded, particularly in relation to the 1925 Decree and, more specifically, concerning the 1923 Tomos.
Throughout these legislative shifts, distinctive Orthodox features were not only preserved but also, to some extent, protected and accentuated. This was evident not only in the legal frameworks but also in the interpretations endorsed by the Orthodox community. In these complex processes, the boundaries between the realms became intertwined: the Orthodox entity underwent a process of nationalization, while at the same time the State of Finland became intertwined with the principles and organizational framework of Orthodox canon law. These developments underline the need for continued research endeavors in this area.
Paikalliskirkko presidentin ponnesta?
Authors: Lamminparras Nico
Published: December 2023

Vuosi 2018 muodostui käänteentekeväksi Ukrainan ortodoksisuudelle. Presidentti Porošenkolla oli tapahtumissa merkittävä rooli: hän anoi ja argumentoi autokefaliaa, kirkon täyttä itsenäisyyttä. Uusi paikalliskirkko yhdistyi vuonna 2019 Kiovan patriarkaatista ja Ukrainan autokefaalisista ortodokseista. Moskovan patriarkaatin alainen kirkko tuomitsi presidentin toimet hengellisyyden politisointina ja peräänkuulutti kanonista oikeutta.

Yhteiskunnallista kehitystä ja sanavalintoja korostavan diskurssianalyysin avulla selvitän, miten Porošenko perusteli paikalliskirkkoa, millaisin toimin hän sitä edisti ja miten poliittinen tilanne vaikutti asiassa. Analyysissäni kieli ei vain kuvaa ilmiötä, vaan esittää siitä jopa tarkoitushakuisen mukaelman. Aineiston tämän vuorovaikutuksen tarkasteluun muodostavat Porošenkon kirkolliset julkitulot 2018.

Vaaleihin 2019 tähyävä Porošenko nosti autokefalian maan kohtalonkysymykseksi keväällä 2018. Porošenkon mukaan autokefalia torjuisi Venäjän vaikutuksen ja vahvistaisi Ukrainan itsenäisyyttä. Aktiivisuutensa vuoksi presidentin täytyi silti vakuutella sekä prosessin epäpoliittisuutta että valtion neutraliteettia. Paradoksaalisesti aie koski yksin tietä Kaikkivallan luo – mutta siitä piti tulla kansallinen.
Credible Qualitative Research
Authors: Silverman David
Published: December 2023

Qualitative research is often judged as if it were quantitative, with various critiques such as small sample sizes that can lead to the critique that it is not credible. This seminar offers a way to conceptualise and maximise the credibility of qualitative research in the context of a world that increasingly favours quantitative studies. The seminar is relevant to PhD students and post-PhD researchers who want to do qualitative research and to write it up rigorously and effectively. An official Instats certificate of completion is provided at the conclusion of the seminar. The seminar offers 2 ECTS Equivalent points for European PhD students.
RESULTS OF A SURVEY CONDUCTED AMONG THE POPULATION TO STUDY KNOWLEDGE, EXPERIENCE AND ATTITUDES TOWARDS THE COVID 19 PANDEMIC IN AZERBAIJAN
Authors: Garakhanova M.S. , Mahbubi-Iran S.
Published: December 2023

The survey covering cities and regions was conducted in economic regions such as Baku, Absheron, Ganja-Gazakh, Lankaran, Upper Karabakh, Central Aran, Gorny Shirvan and Guba- Khachmaz, where the Red Crescent Society operates. The Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic and the occupied regions were not included in the survey. At the same time, the survey involved the ethnic Azeri population of the occupied regions. The survey involved respondents over 16 years old. In order to involve children under the age of 18 in the study, the consent of their parents was first obtained. Thus, the results of studies carried out in the first months of the COVID-19 pandemic show that it is necessary to raise public awareness of the rules for using protective equipment, proper hand washing, and the benefits of social distance. Supporting relevant agencies to provide these supplies at no cost will help reduce the incidence of disease in the population.
SPONTANEOUS REMISSION OF VOGT-KOYANAGI-HARADA MENINGOENCEPHALITIS
Authors: Abdullayev N. , Maus V. , Mpotsaris A. , Mammadov J. , Guliyeva G. , Ismayilova K. , Aliyev R.
Published: December 2023

In offered article we describe a 65-year-old patient with Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada (VKH) syndrome and primary malignant melanoma of the trunk presenting with systemic tumor progress and new contrast-enhancing intracranial lesions without neurological symptoms. While the systemic melanoma disease ultimately was in progress, the correct radiological interpretation of brain lesions as intracranial manifestation of VKH was mandatory to prevent the patient from unnecessary whole brain radiotherapy.
KIAT PENGEMBANGAN SEKRETARIS PROFESIONAL
Authors: Laswitarni Ni Ketut
Published: December 2023

The era of globalization and advancement of information technologyscience, requires people who cultivate the profession of secretary to always adaptand widen horizons. Level of competence which is now owned secretary needs tobe improved, in order to compete with personnel of secretary to be brought in fromoutside by foreign investors who have the opportunity to do business in Indonesia.Competence trend in these days is the company secretary of the graduates choosesStrata one (S1)/ bachelor.
Democratic Governance in The Dynamics of Labor Policy in Indonesia
Authors: Noviyantho Rino
Published: December 2023

Democratic governance involves the participation of citizens in the decision-making process and the protection of individual rights and freedoms. In Indonesia, the dynamics of labor policy are shaped by the country's political system and its economic development. To promote democratic governance in the dynamics of labor policy in Indonesia, it is important to involve the public in the policy-making process. Public consultation and participation can be an effective method for achieving this, as it allows citizens to have a say in the policies that affect them and increases the transparency and accountability of policy-making. By involving the public in the policy-making process, policy-makers can ensure that policies reflect the needs and priorities of citizens, increase the transparency and accountability of policy-making, strengthen the legitimacy of policies, and provide a platform for dialogue and exchange.
Addressing Racial Injustice: Examining Systems of Oppression and Promoting Equity in Contemporary Society
Authors: Patel Sanjay
Published: December 2023

This study investigates racial injustice through investigating oppressive structures and promoting fairness in current society. The study dives into the outcomes of comprehending racial injustice, oppressive structures, and the need of achieving fairness, drawing on credible materials published within the last five years. The research uncovers gaps in a variety of arenas, including the criminal justice system, education, the economy, housing, and healthcare, where minority racial and ethnic groups face systematic prejudices and unfairness. The findings highlight the need of comprehensive reforms, policy initiatives, and community participation in addressing structural oppressions and creating a more equitable and inclusive society. The conclusion emphasizes the importance of intersectionality, community empowerment, education, governmental interventions, and future equality initiatives. Understanding and dealing with racial injustice systems of oppression are vital steps in creating a fairer and more equitable future for all.
Navigating Legal Pluralism: A Socio-Anthropological Analysis of Governance and Law in Multicultural Societies
Authors: Al-Hakim Ali
Published: December 2023

This study examines the socio-anthropological consequences of legal pluralism for governance and law in multicultural countries. The study explores the coexistence of many legal systems, including formal state law, religious law, customary law, and community-based norms. It draws on anthropological research, interviews, and document analysis. The findings illustrate the difficulties and possibilities various legal systems bring by revealing intricate connections and tensions between them. The fundamental tactics used by people and communities to handle legal plurality are negotiation and adaptation. The study emphasizes how crucial it is to create inclusive governance frameworks that respect various legal systems and advance social justice. Critical areas of concern include expanding access to justice and resolving inequities among disadvantaged populations within the judicial system. The research contributes to our understanding of legal pluralism, offering insights for policymakers, legal practitioners, and stakeholders working in multicultural contexts.
Application of Conventional and Improved Techniques in Felling and Skidding to Residual Stand Damages
Authors: Yuniawati Yuniawati , Andini S , Ningrum M H
Published: December 2023

Felling and skidding are essential in the timber extraction process. But on the other hand, residual stand damage can’t be avoided. This study aimed to analyze the impact of conventional and improved felling and skidding techniques on residual stands in natural forests. Three observation plots were developed to identify the types, numbers, and criteria of residual stand damage due to both techniques. The criteria were categorized as a) minor damage (<25%), b) moderate damage (25–50%), and c) major damage (>50%). It showed that the conventional felling and skidding technique caused damages of 14.92% dominated by tree crown damage and 16.70% dominated by stem wounds, respectively. The residual stand damage due to conventional felling and skidding technique was 31.62% categorized as medium damage. Meanwhile, improved felling and skidding techniques caused damage of 9.89% dominated by broken trees, and 10.27% dominated by stem wounds, respectively. The residual stand damage due to improved felling and skidding technique was 20.16% categorized as minor damage. The improvement techniques can minimize residual stand damage by 36.24%. Therefore, a good understanding of forest concessionaires regarding RIL principles is necessary for achieving sustainable timber harvesting
Traditional Ecological Knowledge of the Tengger Tribe and its Influencing Factors in Bromo Tengger Semeru National Park
Authors: Susanto D , Numata S
Published: December 2023

An understanding of the local traditional ecological knowledge (TEK) of a region is crucial to understand the interactions between indigenous societies and their ecosystems. To understand the TEK of Indonesian indigenous people and its influencing factors, we evaluated the Tengger people’s knowledge and conservation awareness regarding culturally important plants (Javanese edelweiss). We interviewed 641 people from seven Tengger villages located adjacent to Bromo Tengger Semeru National Park (BTS), Indonesia. We developed 31 models to examine factors affecting edelweiss knowledge and calculated the Akaike information criterion values to select the best model. Sex, education, and residency duration were significant predictors of edelweiss knowledge. Men, individuals with higher levels of education, and those who had lived in the area for a longer period of time had higher levels of edelweiss knowledge. Our findings confirm that communication within the community and external information sources, such as media and formal education, are involved in knowledge transmission related to edelweiss. Educational activities for local people can be used to disseminate TEK through formal education in schools and informal education programs conducted by the national park managers.
Total X-ray dose effect on graphene field effect transistor
Authors: Li Ji-Fang , Guo Hong-Xia , Ma Wu-Ying , Song Hong-Jia , Zhong Xiang-Li , Li Yang-Fan , Bai Ru-Xue , Lu Xiao-Jie , Zhang Feng-Qi ,   School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China,   Northwest Institute of Nuclear Technology, Xi’an 710024, China
Published: December 2023

In this paper, the total dose effects of graphene field-effect transistors (GFETs) with different structures and sizes are studied. The irradiation experiments are carried out by using the 10-keV X-ray irradiation platform with a dose rate of 200 rad(Si)/s. Positive gate bias (VG = +1 V, VD = VS = 0 V) is used during irradiation. Using a semiconductor parameter analyzer, the transfer characteristic curves of top-gate GFET and back-gate GFET are obtained before and after irradiation. At the same time, the degradation condition of the dirac voltage VDirac and the carrier mobility μ are extracted from the transfer characteristic curve. The experimental results demonstrate that VDirac and carrier mobility μ degrade with dose increasing. The depletion of VDirac and carrier mobility μ are caused by the oxide trap charge generated in the gate oxygen layer during X-ray irradiation. Compared with the back-gate GFETs, the top-gate GFETs show more severely degrade VDirac and carrier mobility, therefore top-gate GFET is more sensitive to X-ray radiation at the same cumulative dose than back-gate GFET. The analysis shows that the degradation of top-gate GFET is mainly caused by the oxide trap charge. And in contrast to top-gate GFET, oxygen adsorption contributes to the irradiation process of back-gate GFET, which somewhat mitigates the effect of radiation damage. Furthermore, a comparison of electrical property deterioration of GFETs of varying sizes between the pre-irradiation and the post-irradiation is made. The back-gate GFET, which has a size of 50 μm×50 μm, and the top-gate GFET, which has a size of 200 μm×200 μm, are damaged most seriously. In the case of the top-gate GFET, the larger the radiation area, the more the generated oxide trap charges are and the more serious the damage. In contrast, the back-gate GFET has a larger oxygen adsorption area during irradiation and a more noticeable oxygen adsorption effect, which partially offsets the damage produced by irradiation. Finally, the oxide trap charge mechanism is simulated by using TCAD simulation tool. The TCAD simulation reveals that the trap charge at the interface between Al2O3 and graphene is mainly responsible for the degradation of top-gate GFET property, significantly affecting the investigation of the radiation effect and radiation reinforcement of GFETs.
Thinned Smart Antenna of a Semi-circular Dipole Array for Massive MIMO Systems
Authors: Khan A. , Roy J. S.
Published: December 2023

Massive MIMO (multiple-input multiple-output) is a multi-user MIMO technology that can provide high-speed multimedia services in 5G wireless networks using sub-6 GHz and millimeter wave bands. The massive MIMO (MMIMO) installs array antennas in the base stations, using hundreds of transceivers with other RF modules. One of the drawbacks of the MMIMO system is its huge power consumption, and the beamforming network with RF modules for a large number of antennas is the main contributor to the power consumption. In this paper, a novel beamforming method is proposed for the low power consumption of an MMIMO system. The proposed thinned smart antenna (TSA) of a semi-circular array produces a secure beam toward the user’s terminal with reduced interference. By thinning the antenna array, some of the antenna elements are kept off, resulting in less power consumption, while the array pattern remains the same as a fully populated array with a reduced side lobe level (SLL). The sub-6 GHz band of 5 GHz is used for the design of thinned array antennas. The genetic algorithm (GA) is used to determine the array sequence in thinning, and the adaptive signal processing algorithms least mean square (LMS), recursive least square (RLS), and sample matrix inversion (SMI) are used for the beamforming of the TSA, and the corresponding algorithms are GA-LMS, GA-RLS, and GA-SMI. The power saving of 40% to 55% is achieved using TSA. The maximum SLL reductions of 13 dB, 12 dB, and 14 dB are achieved for TSA using GA-LMS, GA-RLS, and GA-SMI algorithms, respectively.
Desafios à adoção do home office durante a pandemia da COVID-19: uma análise metassíntese
Authors: De Paiva José Fernando Martins , Ribeiro Kárem Cristina de Sousa
Published: December 2023

Diante do contexto da pandemia decretada pela Organização Mundial de Saúde (OMS), foram impostas medidas de distanciamento físico por parte do Governo Federal no Brasil, necessárias para a redução dos impactos na saúde da população brasileira. O novo cenário exigiu esforços e adaptações de empresas, população civil e governos para que houvesse continuidade do comércio e da prestação de serviços, especialmente, daqueles considerados essenciais. Neste estudo foi realizada uma metassíntese sobre experiências na adoção do trabalho remoto (home office) como forma de adaptação aos desafios no contexto da pandemia. Devido às peculiaridades econômicas e sociais em cada país, optou-se pela análise das conclusões das pesquisas nacionais, realizadas entre os anos de 2020 e 2022, em 3 bases de dados (Spell, Scielo e Portal Capes), para indicações sobre experiências em organizações nacionais no período de pandemia. Concluiu-se que, além das dificuldades para trabalhadores (conflito trabalho-família) e empresas (gestão de equipes dispersas) enfrentadas neste período, os resultados da pesquisa indicaram a necessidade de reorganização de processos internos, e aprimoramento na seleção de perfis de trabalhadores adequados à esta forma de trabalho. Assim como estudos realizados em anos anteriores à pandemia, há apontamentos que mostram que esta forma de trabalho tende a ganhar espaço no mundo do trabalho, o que exige regulamentações nas áreas de gestão, saúde do trabalhador e jurídica.
Clinicopathological Parameters and Immunohistochemical Expression of EGFR in Colorectal Carcinoma: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Joseph Bindhuja
Published: December 2023

Introduction: Colorectal Carcinoma (CRC) is the third most common type of cancer worldwide and is one of the leading causes of cancer-related death. Adenocarcinoma is the most common type. Histopathological examination is necessary to determine the type and extent of the tumour, which is essential for patient management and prognosis. Molecular markers play a major role in CRC, among which Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) has prognostic significance. Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the immunohistochemical expression of EGFR in cases of colonic carcinoma and analyse its relationship with various histological and clinical parameters. Materials and Methods: An observational (cross-sectional) study was conducted in the Department of Pathology, Sree Mookambika Institute of Medical Sciences, Kulasekharam, Kanyakumari district, Tamil Nadu, India. Data from colonic carcinoma patients confirmed by Haematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) staining were collected over a three-year period from January 2019 to December 2021. A total of 58 cases were included. The characteristics studied included age, sex, Carcinoembryonic Antigen (CEA) levels, tumour site, size, degree of histological differentiation (well, moderate, poor), TNM staging, and lymph node status. The EGFR score was obtained by multiplying the grade (% positive cells) by the intensity, and a composite score ranging from 0 to 9 was obtained. This score was used to define low EGFR expression (<6) or high EGFR expression (>6). Analysis was performed using the Chi-square test in Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20.0. Results: Among the 58 patients included in the study, the most common age group affected by CRC was 61 to 70 years (28 cases; 48.3%), with a mean age of 63.32±14.36 years. The most common histological variant was low-grade adenocarcinoma (47 cases; 81.03%). EGFR reactivity was positive in 50 patients (86.20%). EGFR overexpression was significantly associated with histopathological type (low-grade adenocarcinoma) and tumour stage, with p-values of 0.03 and 0.001, respectively. Conclusion: Immunohistochemical overexpression of EGFR in CRC is associated with histopathological type and tumour staging in this study. This overexpression is associated with poor prognosis and can be used as a predictive marker for patients who yield positive results with chemotherapy.
Utilisation of Different Blood Components in Paediatric Patients: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Goyal Shefali , Mittal Salony , Tiwari Neema , Verma Atul , Gupta Vatsala
Published: December 2023

Introduction: The term “blood component” refers to the separation of Whole Blood (WB) into packed red cells, platelet- rich plasma, Fresh Frozen Plasma (FFP), cryoprecipitate, and leukocytes. The practice of separating donated WB units into different blood components and supplying only those components to patients is now considered a standard practice in all blood banks. Therefore, regular auditing of blood usage and its components is essential to assess blood utilisation patterns. Aim: The aim of this study was to analyse the distribution and appropriateness of blood and blood product transfusions in children aged 1-18 years. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted over an 18-month period from December 1, 2014, to June 30, 2016, involving paediatric patients requiring blood and blood product transfusions, who presented to the Department of Paediatrics, Shri B.M. Patil Medical Hospital, Vijayapura, Karnataka, India. The study population consisted of children aged 1-18 years. Data from blood component requisition forms were collected, and reports of investigations such as pre-transfusion/ post-transfusion haematological parameters, coagulogram, and peripheral smear were recorded. Predetermined criteria were used to assess each transfusion episode. The results were then analysed, tabulated, and expressed as a percentage. The appropriateness of Packed Red Blood Cell (PRBC), platelet, and FFP transfusions was estimated using predetermined criteria. Data from blood component requisition forms were collected, coded, tabulated, analysed, and expressed as a percentage. Results: The study included 149 paediatric patients aged 1 to 18 years. Out of a total of 214 episodes of blood and blood component transfusions among the 149 patients, 102 episodes (47.7%) were WB transfusions, 67 episodes (31.3%) were packed red cell transfusions, 26 episodes (12.1%) were platelet transfusions, and 19 episodes (8.9%) were FFP transfusions. Out of the total 214 transfusion episodes, 126 (58.5%) were deemed appropriate, while 88 (41.5%) were deemed inappropriate. The most commonly inappropriately used component was WB, followed by platelets, FFP, and packed red cells. Inappropriateness of WB usage was primarily due to attempts to achieve haemostasis in bleeding patients, while sepsis was the most common indication for inappropriate platelet usage. Conclusion: This audit highlights significant variation in transfusion practice patterns among paediatricians. The most common indications for usage were found to be achieving haemostasis, threshold haemoglobin concentration, and sepsis in children.
Gender Distribution and Reasons for Donor Deferral in Blood Donors at a Tertiary Healthcare Centre, Kerala, India: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Narayanan Deepa , Rajan Archana , Bindu V
Published: December 2023

Introduction: One of the primary responsibilities of the blood bank is to provide safe blood to patients. Blood donors are screened before blood donation and deferred from donating if they have diseases or conditions that may affect blood quality or lead to adverse reactions. Blood donor deferral ensures both donor and patient safety. Understanding deferral reasons can help raise awareness among blood donors. Aim: To determine the percentage of female blood donors and the number of deferrals in male and female donors for various reasons. Materials and Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted at Department of Transfusion Medicine, Government Medical college, Kozhikode, Kerala, India. The study period was one year from April 2018 to March 2019. Data on the number of male and female donors, donors accepted for donation, and those deferred for various reasons were collected through questionnaires and blood bank records. Data analysis was performed using Stastistical Packages of Social Sciences (SPSS) version 17.0 software, employing the Chi-square test with a significance level of p<0.05. Results: Out of 36,318 blood donors, only 1,521 (4.2%) were females. During the study period, 30,007 donors were selected for donation, of which 792 (2.64%) were female donors. Among the 6,311 deferred donors, 1,171 (18.55%) were deferred due to fever and respiratory tract infections, the most common reason for deferral. The deferral rate for females was significantly higher than for males. Females had a deferral rate of 47.9% (729 out of 1,521 female donors), while males had a deferral rate of 16.04% (5,582 donors). Fever and respiratory tract infections were the main cause of deferral among males, with 1,055 (18.9%) deferred for this reason. Among females, low haemoglobin (306, 41.98%) was the primary cause of deferral. Conclusion: Females constitute a minority of the blood donor population. Motivational efforts can increase blood donation among females. Raising awareness about nutritional anaemia and implementing preventive measures can reduce deferrals among female blood donors.