bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Quality of marketed drugs in Ethiopia: A systematic Review
Authors: Tefera Yesuneh Mekasha , Godena Gemmechu Hasen , Idris Rashed , Beressa Ayana , Hassen Hassen Kebede , Ozalp Yildiz , Aksu Neşe Buket AKSU Buket
Published: February 2023

Background
Medicinal products, unlike any other consumer item, require special attention because excessive or suboptimal use can have unintended consequences. Ultimately, safety from unwanted toxicity and effectiveness at recommended dosage levels are desired, which are dependent on product quality.
Objective
Systematic Review of evidence available on the quality of drugs in Ethiopia.
Methods
A PRISMA checklist and medicine quality assessment reporting guidelines were used for systematic review. A web search was performed using key words such as "drug quality," "quality control," "in vitro drug quality evaluation," "physico-chemical quality," and "Ethiopia. The Web of Science, PubMed, Science Direct, and Google Scholar data sources were used to extract the information. Data inclusion and exclusion criteria were prepared and validated using the guide for systematic review. After data evaluation and harmonization with stated objectives, it is summarized using tables and graphs.
Results
A total of 33 assessment studies on 667 sampled products were sorted from web searches and included. The review has revealed that 21.73% of the products studied had quality parameters of dissolution, disintegration, and/or chemical assay that deviated from recommended values. Antibacterial drugs were the most frequently studied category (28.57%), followed by NSAIDs (14.29%), and anthelmintic (14.29%). Among the drug products studied, 17.24% were not registered for marketing.
Conclusion
The current systematic review has shown the gaps in post marketing quality assessment studies. Unlike existing efforts for product quality assurance, findings from marketed product studies warrant the need to minimize prevalence of substandard medicinal products.
Predicting the Stone-Free Status of Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy with the Machine Learning System
Authors: AlAzab Rami , Ghammaz Owais , Ardah Nabil , Al-Bzour Ayah , Zeidat Layan , Mawali Zahraa , Ahmed Yaman B. , Alguzo Tha’er , Al-Alwani Azhar , Samara Mahmoud
Published: February 2023

The study aimed to create a machine learning model (MLM) to predict the stone-free status (SFS) of patients undergoing percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL), and compare its performance to the S.T.O.N.E. and Guy’s stone scores. This is a retrospective study that included 320 PCNL patients. The pre-operative and post-operative variables were extracted and entered into three MLMs: RFC, SVM, and XGBoost. The methods used to assess the performance of each MLM, were mean bootstrap estimate with CI, 10-fold cross-validation, classification report, and AUC. Each model was externally validated and evaluated by mean bootstrap estimate with CI, classification report, and AUC. Out of the 320 patients who underwent PCNL the SFS was found to be 69.4%. The RFC mean bootstrap estimate was 0.75 and 95% CI: [0.65–0.85], 10-fold cross-validation of 0.744, an accuracy of 0.74, and AUC of 0.761. The XGBoost results were 0.74 [0.63–0.85], 0.759, 0.72, and 0.769 respectively. The SVM results were 0.70 [0.60–0.79], 0.725, 0.74, and 0.751 respectively. The AUC of Guy’s stone score and the S.T.O.N.E. score were 0.666 and 0.71, respectively. The RFC external validation set had a mean bootstrap estimate of 0.87 and 95% CI: [0.81–0.92], an accuracy of 0.70, and an AUC of 0.795. While the XGBoost results were 0.84 [0.78–0.91], 0.74, and 0.84 respectively. The SVM results were 0.86 [0.80–0.91], 0.79, and 0.858 respectively. MLMs can be used with high accuracy in predicting SFS for patients undergoing PCNL. MLM systems we utilized predicted the SFS with AUCs superior to those of GSS and S.T.O.N.E score.
Neonatal therapy after maternal central neurotropic drug exposure – a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Wecker Sabrina , Dammert Ann Sophie , Scholz Christoph , Krüger Marcus , Hauer Julia , Brickmann Christian
Published: February 2023

Objective: Evaluation of neonatal morbidity after maternal central neurotropic drug exposure.
Design/Setting: Retrospective single-center level-III neonatology cohort analysis of neonates after CND from 2018 to 2021. Control group of neonates born to mothers without CND.
Results: Significantly more frequent therapy need of neonates with CND [OR 11 (95% CI: 4.8-25); RR 7 (95% CI: 3.4-14); p<0.01]. Neonates after CND had lower Apgar-scores LM 1 [CND 8.1; CG 8.6; p=0.04]; LM 5 [CND 9; CG 9.7; p<0.01]; LM 10 [CND 9.6; CG 9.9: p=0.01]). The first symptom occurred in 95.35% within 24 h (mean: 3.3 h). CND group showed significantly more often preterm delivery [OR 3.5; RR 3.2; p<0.05], and especially cumulative multiple symptoms [OR 9.4; RR 6.6; p<0.01] but no correlation to multiple maternal medication use (p=0.3).
Conclusion: Neonates exposed to CND are at increased risk for postnatal therapy, often due to multiple symptoms. Neonates should be monitored for 24h.
Effects of voluntary orienting of attention on temporal estimation
Authors: Ranzini Mariagrazia , Romeo Zaira , Zorzi Marco , Mioni Giovanna
Published: February 2023

Exogenous orienting of attention can affect the mental processing of time, suggesting the existence of a spatial representation for temporal durations, with shorter and longer durations represented on the left and on the right of a mental timeline, respectively. In this study, we investigated the effects of voluntary shifts of attention on the perception of temporal durations. Participants were asked to follow with their gaze a dot moving either leftward or rightward from the screen centre (smooth pursuit conditions), or to fix a central dot (control condition), while listening to an acoustic stimulus (pink noise) varying in duration (from 600ms to 1400ms). Upon stimuli offset, they had to reproduce the temporal duration of the acoustic stimulus by pressing a button on the keyboard. Experiment 1 was carried out online, whereas Experiment 2 was a laboratory-based replication. The results showed, across the two experiments, a tendency to overestimate stimulus duration, which decreased with increasing duration. When the dot moved horizontally, smooth pursuit induced a smaller overestimation as compared to the control condition. Contrary to our hypothesis, we observed an effect of pursuit direction neither in Experiment 1 nor in Experiment 2. Our results indicate that the spatialization of time is not systematic. We suggest that different effects of voluntary and involuntary attention on time processing, as well as task characteristics, might contribute to explaining the contrasting findings as observed in this and previous studies.
Microbiota changes in a stranding simulation of the holopelagic macroalgae Sargassum natans and Sargassum fluitans
Authors: Mendonça Inara R. W. , Theirlynck Tom , Zettler Erik R. , Amaral-Zettler Linda A. , Oliveira Mariana Cabral
Published: February 2023

Holopelagic Sargassum has been causing massive strandings on tropical Atlantic Ocean shorelines. After stranding, the algal biomass starts to decompose, releasing nutrients, toxic gases, and potentially introduces exogenous macro and microorganisms. Describing the microbiome associated with Sargassum, and how it changes after stranding is important in identifying potential microbial introductions to coastal environments, as well as sources of potential biotechnological resources. In this study, stranding simulation experiments were done for S. fluitans III and S. natans VIII on shipboard. Samples for microbiome identification were taken at 0 hr, just after removing healthy Sargassum from the seawater, and after 24 and 48 hrs of stranding simulation under environmental conditions. The bacterial community was identified through sequencing of 16S rRNA gene V3-V4 hypervariable regions, generating a total of 2,005 Amplicon Sequence Variants (ASVs). Of those, 628 were shared between Sargassum species. The stranding simulation changed the microbial community and only 30, out of 2,005 ASVs, persisted throughout the experiment. Phototrophs were in the main functional group at 0 hr, shifting to chemoheterotrophs within the first 24 hrs of exposure of Sargassum to air conditions. The most abundant orders Microtrichales and Rhodobacterales at 0 hr, were replaced after 24 hrs of exposure by Alteromonadales and Vibrionales, the latter representing up to 91% of the relative abundance in the bacterial community. These findings suggest that after stranding, the Sargassum microbiome goes through dysbiosis, and its biomass could become a fertile ground for potentially pathogenic bacteria.
Intrinsec Epidermoid Cyst of the Brainstem in Children – Case Report and Review
Authors: Malveira Adib Saráty , Costa Marcos Devanir Silva , Flores Esdras Ismael Borrayo , Vaz Herisson Harrider Silva , Nicácio Jardel Mendoça , Cavalheiro Sérgio
Published: February 2023

Purpose
The study aimed to summarize all published cases of intrinsic brainstem epidermoid cysts in a timeline to highlight the specific characteristics and individualize the disease, in addition to discussing the best treatment used.
Methods
The scientific literature on pediatric cases of intrinsic epidermoid cysts of the brainstem was analysed. We present the case of a1,5-year-old male with incidental apresentation, who was treated with gross total resection. We summarize all previously published cases to individualize the disease.
Results
We identified 21 patients, including 10 boys and 11 girls, with a mean age of 4.85 (1–15) years at the time of surgery. The most frequent symptoms were cranial nerve palsy (71.4%), pyramidal tract deficit (57.14%) and headache (52.38%). Among the affected cranial nerves, VII was the most frequent, reported in 10 patients.
Conclusion
Brainstem epidermoid cysts are extremely rare pathologies with relevant age involvement in young children. The treatment objective should be the maximum resection of the
In silico studies of Cilnidipine oxidative degradants for structure confirmation, toxicity prediction and molecular docking
Authors: Chintalapati Krishnam Raju , Kada Yesudas , Malkhed Vasavi , Palusa Sanath Kumar Goud , Bera Rabin , Jagarlapudi V Shanmukha Kumar
Published: February 2023

Oxidative degradation products (KD1 to KD4 and CD1 to CD3) of Cilnidipine has been isolated and characterized using Mass, FTIR and NMR studies in the reported article. The elucidated structures of CD1 and CD2 are shown 5 chiral centers each against one chiral center of API. The CD1 and CD2 structures could exhibit 16 enantiomeric pairs for each. NMR experimental data confirmed one enantiomer pair out of the possible isomers. Due to the complexity for structure confirmation of CD1 and CD2. In the current study, revisited the elucidated structures of CD1 and CD2 and reconfirmed using computational studies. NMR chemical shifts of hydrogen and carbon atoms of CD1 and CD2 are theoretically generated using the density functional theory (DFT) in DMSO. These values were compared with experimentally obtained chemical shift values. The results are in good agreement with the DFT calculations in terms of the chemical shifts and the stereo-configurations as well. Docking studies are carried out to identify the interactions and mode of binding of the Cilnidipine and their degradation products (KD1 to KD4 and CD1 to CD3) with the N-type Calcium channel subunit. Additionally, 20 drugs acting as Calcium channel blockers are also considered for docking analysis to correlate the affinities of binding. The interactions reveal the amino acid residues which are involved in binding. CD3 molecule shows the highest bind affinity with the ligand molecules with binding energy -9.3 (kcal/mol) and then KD3 with binding energy -8.7 (kcal/mol). Conducted in-silico toxicity predictions for Cilnidipine and their degradation products (KD1 to KD4 and CD1 to CD3). Two complementary methodologies; rule-based and statistical-based methodologies are applied to predict the bacterial mutagenicity and classified the impurities in accordance with ICH M7. The Alerting group is observed in CD1 to CD3 and no alerting group is observed in KD1 to KD4 for bacterial mutagenicity prediction. Based on in-silico toxicity predictions and docking studies, KD3 can be considered as a potential compound for binding with receptor molecule.
CSNK2A1/AKT1 signal axis plays a crucial role in DUSP2-mediated apoptosis in pancreatic cancer
Authors: Zhang Yangyang , Kong Rui , Yang Wenbo , Hu Keyi , Zhao Zhongjie , Li Le , Geng Xinglong , Liu Liwei , Chen Hongze , Xiao Peng , Liu Danxi , Luo Yan , Chen Hua , Hu Jisheng , Sun Bei
Published: February 2023

Pancreatic cancer is a malignant tumor of the digestive tract with poor prognosis. Dual-specificity phosphatase 2 (DUSP2) is a member of the mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphatase family that is involved in multiple pathophysiological processes. However, its role in pancreatic cancer remains further investigation. The most prominent feature of pancreatic cancer is its hypoxic microenvironment, which plays an important role in tumor progression, drug resistance, and immune evasion. Therefore, we explored the role of DUSP2 by simulating such tumor microenvironment and found that DUSP2 regulated the apoptosis of pancreatic cancer in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, DUSP2 competed with AKT1 for binding with casein kinase 2 alpha 1 (CSNK2A1) to inhibit the phosphorylation of AKT1, which played a crucial role in regulating apoptosis. Interestingly, aberrant activation of AKT1 resulted in an increase in the ubiquitin E3 ligase tripartite motif containing 21 (TRIM21), which could bind to and mediate ubiquitination-dependent proteasomal degradation of DUSP2. Taken together, our findings demonstrate a novel signal axis of CSNK2A1/AKT1 in DUSP2 regulating apoptosis and the existence of AKT1/TRIM21 feedback regulation in the degradation of DUSP2 protein in pancreatic cancer for the first time.
Nonlinear optical properties of BiWO4
Authors: Sharath  , Rahulan Mani , PrakashBabu
Published: February 2023

We report the third order nonlinear optical properties of BiWOO4 nanostructures,. BiWO4 nanostructures with different concentration of Er were synthesized by chemical precipitation method and were characterized by UV–Vis absorption, X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and fluorescence measurements. The incorporation of Er ions shifted the absorption band of BiWO4 towards higher wavelength and enhanced the light absorption in the visible region. XRD patterns showed that the powders crystallize in scheelitetype tetragonal structure. The nonlinear optical behavior of the nanostructures was investigated by a Z-scan technique at 532 nm using continuous wave Nd:YAG laser. Experimental results suggested that the addition of Er can considerably enhance the nonlinear absorption coefficient and refractive index of BiWO4 which could be used as a potential for nonlinear optical device applications.
Re-examination of centre of buoyancy curve and its evolute for rectangular cross section, part 1: swallowtail discontinuity bounds
Authors:   Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Mechanical Engineering and Naval Architecture, 21000 Split, Ban Dario ,   Croatia
Published: February 2023

At the beginning of the naval architecture theory, in the 18th century, Bouguer and Euler set the foundations of naval architecture with the centre of buoyancy and metacentric curve definition. After that, in 20th century, it is determined from bifurcation and catastrophe theory developed by Thom, and its application for ships in works of Zeeman, Stewart and others, that the centre of buoyancy curve for the rectangular cross section consists of parabola and hyperbola equations, but no exact equations are given for the hyperbola segment of that curve. Therefore, the hyperbola segment of the centre of the buoyancy curve is re-examined in this paper with emphasis on belonging metacentric locus curve as the evolute of the centre of the buoyancy curve. The observed metacentric curve consists of semi-cubic parabolas and Lamé curves with 2/3 exponent and negative sign, resulting in the cusp discontinuities in the symmetry of functions definition. Belonging swallowtail discontinuity in the hyperbola range between two heel angles of the rectangular cross section deck immersion/bottom emersion angles is examined, depending on existence of extremes of belonging hyperbola curve. After that, the single condition for hyperbola extreme the existence is given with the belonging new lower and upper non-dimensional bounds of rectangle cross section dimensions.
Comparative analysis of the efficiency of geological exploration for mining company using the example of the deposits of JSC Polymetal
Authors:   JSC Polymetal, Salʹmanov Sergey Minshakirovich
Published: February 2023

Relevance. Timely and sustainable reproduction of the mineral resource base is a prerequisite for the harmonious growth of mining companies. The increasingly difficult conditions for conducting geological exploration work increase the costs of subsoil users for the study of subsoil. Evaluation of economic efficiency allows us to determine how optimally resources were spent to achieve a geological result. The prupose of the research is the analysis of indicators characterizing the efficiency of geological exploration, their systematization and application in practical activities. Materials and methods. In the process of research, the methods of system analysis, scientific generalization, the method of comparisons, the method of expert assessments were used. Results. The article analyzes the dynamics of financing of geological exploration by Russian subsoil users at their own expense from 2016 to 2021, presents the author’s forecast for 2022. Using the example of OAO Polymetal, the areas of appropriations for subsoil exploration in a number of regions are considered. The indicators characterizing the efficiency of exploration work are presented. The shortcomings of the use of indicators based on the method of discounting cash flows are revealed. In particular, debatable issues related to the use of coefficients that reflect the geological complexity and degree of exploration of deposits, the correctness of the method in long-term operation of deposits, the validity of the accepted discount rate for evaluating geological exploration and mining projects are considered. The practical application of the coefficients for evaluating the efficiency of geological exploration work is demonstrated using the example of two operating fields of OAO Polymetal. The proposed indicators are easy to calculate and allow for a quick assessment. A list of factors influencing the efficiency of exploration work is given. Conclusions. With the growth of exploration costs, the importance of assessing their justification and efficiency increases. For a qualitative assessment, a system of complementary indicators is needed that fully characterizes the efficiency of exploration work. The simplicity of the indicators ensures the correctness of calculations, the high speed of evaluation and the swiftness of making managerial decisions.
Identification of the current state of digital transformation of the leaders of the oil and gas industry in Russia
Authors:   Institute of Economics of the Ural Branch of RAS, POLYANSKAYA Irina Gennad’yevna , Yurak Vera Vasil’evna ,   Institute of Economics of the Ural Branch of RAS
Published: February 2023

Relevance. Currently, digital transformation plays a leading role in the development of the Russian oil and gas industry. Its relevance and significance are growing due to the special position of this industry in changing political and economic conditions under the influence of great challenges and threats, such as, for example, the changing global oil market; the need to remain competitive in the industry; the complexity of developing hard-to-recover oil reserves in the conditions of depletion of exploited fields; difficulties in developing offshore fields in the Arctic; and changes in the sanctions policy towards Russia. The purpose of the research is to identify the current state of the digital transformation of the leaders of the oil and gas industry in Russia by identifying the existing achievements and key problems with the corresponding directions for their resolution. The methodological base of the research was the methods of comparison, grouping, analysis, synthesis, historical, abstract-logical, along with systemic and evolutionary approaches. The results are presented by a comparative analysis of the digitalization and digital transformation activities of such leaders of the Russian oil and gas industry as Rosneft Oil Company PAO, Gazprom Neft PAO, Lukoil PAO and identification of the current state of the industry under study. The article notes the positive results of the implementation of digital transformation of companies, as well as identifies the main problems related to the oil and gas industry as a whole, affecting the level of digital transformation of oil and gas companies, and ways to resolve them. The basic problems include the insufficient level of import substitution and the lack of funding for R&D. The resolution of these problems comes down to focusing efforts on obtaining the final result both on the part of oil and gas companies and on the part of the state.
An approach to the economic assessment of production risk at a mining enterprise
Authors:   LLC ‟NIIOGR”, Galkina Natalʹya Vladimirovna , Kravchuk Igorʹ Leonidovich ,   Chelyabinsk Branch of Mining Institute of the Ural Branch of RAS, Smolin Anton Vyacheslavocich ,   LLC ‟NIIOGR”, Peryatinski Aleksey Yurʹevich ,   Nosov Magnitogorsk State Technical University
Published: February 2023

The purpose of the article is to present a methodical approach to the economic assessment and analysis of the organization of the production process of a mining enterprise, which consists in the fact that the risk is considered as a unity of benefits and costs in the development of the concept, design, planning and implementation of the production process in the interaction of the owners of the mining enterprise. enterprises, top managers, line managers and workers to provide an interconnected increase in safety, productivity and efficiency of mining operations. Relevance. The operation of mining enterprises, created to generate income for its participants in the process of developing mineral deposits, is often accompanied by significant losses incurred as a result of failures, injuries and accidents. Such events are the result of the implementation of management decisions taken by one of the subjects of the enterprise – the business owner, top manager, line manager, worker – in the development of the concept, design, planning and implementation of the production process. A reliable economic assessment of production risk as a ratio of planned benefits and costs required to obtain them, as well as possible damage from unforeseen incidents, is necessary to improve the safety and efficiency of production. Research methodology: observations; generalization of factual data; modeling; system analysis; functional cost analysis; a critical review of the literature on the research topic; questioning and expert assessments. Results of the work and their scope. A management toolkit is proposed for the economic assessment of production risk, which allows for more efficient and safe organization of the interaction of business owners, top managers, line managers and workers, as well as specialists in the development of the concept, design, planning and implementation of the production process. Conclusions. The safety, productivity and efficiency of the production of a mining enterprise is determined by the coherence of the interaction of its subjects - business owners, top management, line managers and workers, as well as specialists – in the formation and implementation of the production process as a unity of technological, labor and organizational and managerial processes, taking into account economic assessment of production risk. The level of coherence of interaction is determined, in turn, by the structure of the common goal of these subjects and the degree of unity in their understanding of the ways to achieve it, taking into account the needs, dangers and opportunities of each of them, the corresponding fine tuning of the logistics of the production process in the area of responsibility of each subject.
Forecast of environmental response to mining in the KMA basin
Authors:   Institute of Mineralogy, Geochemistry and Crystal Chemistry of Rare Elements, Kos’yanov Vadim Aleksandrovich , Lun’kin Aleksandr Nikolaevich ,   Sergo Ordzhonikidze Russian State University for Geological Prospecting, Lun’kin Dmitriy Aleksandrovich ,   Sergo Ordzhonikidze Russian State University for Geological Prospecting
Published: February 2023

The relevance of the research is due to the importance of the mining industry in the country’s economy. In addition to the fact that the Kursk magnetic anomaly is a powerful iron ore basin, it is also one of the largest in the world in terms of iron ore reserves. It plays an important economic and strategic role for the country in terms of the resource base for the development of the primary (mining industry; development of mine deposits) and secondary (manufacturing industry; industrial and civil construction) sectors of the economy. At the same time, one needs to take into account the level of environmental pollution associated with the activities of mining enterprises and the risks of a negative impact on the state and health of the population directly residing in the region. The purpose of the research is to assess the expected reaction of the natural environment to the direct or indirect impact of the planned activity, to solve the problems of rational nature management in accordance with the expected state of the natural environment. Research method. The predictive design assessment of the environmental impact was determined as the total of the forecast baseline assessment and the impact assessment of the planned activity. Results. The authors made a number of calculations, including the impact of the mining enterprise on the air environment around the deposit; the main pollutants in comparison with MPC in the basin of the Kursk magnetic anomaly (KMA); the impact of the enterprise’s activities on the water environment in the KMA basin; the volume of waste from vehicles and quarry equipment in the KMA basin. Conclusions. The obtained data testify to significant changes in the state of the natural environment in the region of activity of subsoil use enterprises using the example of the KMA basin.
Geochronology of plagioclasite veins from the Lipovskoye pegmatite field (Middle Urals)
Authors:   The Zavaritsky Institute of Geology and Geochemistry of the Ural Branch of RAS, Zakharov Anatoliy Vladimirovich , Khiller Vera Vital’evna ,   The Zavaritsky Institute of Geology and Geochemistry of the Ural Branch of RAS
Published: February 2023

The relevance of the research is due to the need to improve the method of chemical dating as applied to high-thorium and high-uranium accessory minerals, which are difficult to date by isotopic research methods. The purpose of the research is to study the chemical composition of monazite and uraninite from plagioclasite veins of the Lipovskoye pegmatite field and to determine their age. Research Methodology: quantitative analysis of the chemical composition of monazite and uraninite was performed on an X-ray spectral electron probe microanalyzer CAMECA SX 100. Measurement conditions: accelerating voltage 15 kV, current strength 250 nА, electron beam diameter 2 µm. Sample chamber pressure 2 ∙ 10–4 Pa. The spectra were obtained on tilted wave spectrometers, the intensity was measured using analytical lines: Th Ma, U Mb, Pb Ma, Y La, Si Ka, Ca Ka, P Ka, Ce La, La La, Pr Lb, Nd La, Sm Lb, Dy La, Gd Lb. Age calculation was carried out according to well-known methods of foreign authors in addition to their own developments. Results. According to the chemical composition, monazite belongs to the cerium variety and is characterized by high contents of ThO2 up to 13,4 wt. %, UO2 up tо 0,8 wt. % and PbO up to 0,18 wt. %. According to chemical dating, monazite-(Ce) gives an age of 266 ± 17 Ma. In undeformed plagioclasites, uraninite contains impurities of ThO2 up to 11,6 wt. % and PbO up to 3,0 wt. %, its calculated age is 258 ± 3 Ma. In tectonized plagioclasites, uraninite is characterized by impurities of ThO2 from 26 up to 45 wt. % and PbO up to 2,4 wt. %. According to chemical dating data, two ages are calculated in these uraninites: 255 ± 10 Ma in the central part of the grains, and 244 ± 4 Ma in the marginal parts of the grains. Conclusions. Microprobe data on the composition of these minerals have been obtained, and the complex geochronology of these rocks has been established by chemical dating. These plagioclasite bodies were formed after the Middle Permian quartz-potassium feldspar (topaz-beryl) granitic pegmatites, widely developed within the Lipovskoye field, and later underwent superimposed changes twice in the Upper Permian and Triassic times.
What is sustainable tourism in social media? Evidence from tweets
Authors: Li Ming , Fu Haiying , Jiang Songyu
Published: February 2023

Social media is an essential tool and channel for tourism industry research. It has created significant value for tourism consumption, management, and trends. However, rare scientific achievements uncover sustainable tourism on Twitter, a famous social media worldwide. Therefore, this study aims to conceptualize sustainable tourism from the social media perspective. Based on 2,201 tweets, the study uses Nvivo12.0 to encode content thematically to explore the connotations and concepts of sustainable tourism. The study identified three crucial dimensions: tourism for sustainable development, sustainable tourism management, and sustainable tourism types. Tourism for sustainable development aims to promote the positive effects of sustainable practices in the tourism industry on various areas of life, economy, society, and environment. Moreover, its content serves for the better development in the future. Sustainable tourism management focuses on industries, leaders, experts, programs, and sectors. In addition, the study categorized sustainable tourism by entity, purpose, destination, and mode to determine the type of sustainable tourism. The paper helps to inspire stakeholders in the tourism industry to understand and pay attention to the content in the post-Covid-19 era and also provides recommendations for the tourism market, the tourism sector, and tourism consumers.
Análisis de factores motivacionales que influyen en el uso y la satisfacción de Facebook de estudiantes en la Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina, Lima-Perú
Authors: Ferrando Perea Ampelio
Published: February 2023

Este estudio se realizó con el objetivo de identificar los motivos asociados con el uso de Facebook en estudiantes de pregrado de la Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina. La investigación ha seguido la pauta no experimental descriptiva y se realizó por medio de una encuesta aplicada a 372 estudiantes de pregrado de doce carreras profesionales de la Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina. Se analizaron seis factores motivacionales: autoexpresión, compañía, comunidad virtual, coolness, entretenimiento y mantenimiento de relaciones. El estudio concluyó que los factores motivacionales más influyentes en la satisfacción del uso de Facebook en estudiantes de pregrado de la Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina son comunidad virtual, entretenimiento y autoexpresión; y los menos influyentes, compañía, mantenimiento de relaciones y coolness.
Procyanidins Extracted from the Lotus Seedpod Ameliorate Cognitive
Impairment through CREB-BDNF Pathway Mediated LTP in APP/PS1
Transgenic Mice
Authors: Wang Ziping , Li Xiaolong , Ren Xiaotong , Zhao Siqi , Chen Wenwen , Fan Cheng , Xu Yangliu , Pi Xuejiao , Zhang Yidan , Wang Ting , Rong Shuang
Published: February 2023

Background:

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is an age-related neurodegenerative disease
and is featured by cognitive impairment. Procyanidins have been shown to have a potential protective
effect against neurodegenerative diseases, but the underlying mechanism is not comprehensive
enough.

Objective:

To further investigate the effects of procyanidins from lotus seedpod (LSPC) on cognition
in AD.

Methods:

The APP/PS1 transgenic mice were administered with LSPC (100 mg/kg body weight)
for five months. The Morris water maze test was used to assess learning and memory function, the
long-term potentiation (LTP) was measured, and the expressions of Aβ, pCREB/CREB and BDNF
were quantified by western blot.

Results:

LSPC significantly ameliorated cognitive dysfunction, reduced Aβ deposition and reversed
the remarkable reduction of the phosphorylation of CREB and the expression of BDNF,
and then enhanced the effect of LTP in APP/PS1 mice.

Conclusion:

These results revealed that LSPC could ameliorate cognitive impairment through the
CREB-BDNF pathway that mediates the enhancement of LTP in APP/PS1 transgenic mice.
The components of the social organization of labor that determine its legal regulation
Authors:   Viktor A. Protsevsky Sevastopol State University, Protsevsky Viktor A. , Gorlov Evgeny V. ,   Evgeny V. Gorlov Sevastopol State University
Published: February 2023

The study considers labor as a complex multifaceted process of human interactionwithnature,asthe basis of human life, as a conscious, purposeful activity for the production of material andspiritual values. Thepurpose of work, the purpose of this activity is to satisfy personal needs (as well as societyas awhole), whichwould provide an adequate standard of living for themselves, their families. Being an objective component ofsociety, a person with his spiritual and moral self-consciousness influences the formation of theconsciousnessofsociety. But, based on the content and ideas that are laid down According to the Constitutionof theRussianFederation, it is designed to support public organizations, of which civil society consists.
Features of checking events about events committed by minors
Authors:   Svetlana Vl. Smelova St. Petersburg University of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, Smelova Svetlana Vl.
Published: February 2023

The article reveals criminal procedural and other features of the verificationof reportsofcrimescommitted by minors. The author analyzes the norms of the Code of Criminal Procedure of theRussianFederation, which regulate the procedure for verifying a crime report. Attention is drawn to the specifics of theprocedural status of a minor involved in the sphere of pre-trial proceedings, and the presence of gaps inthelegislationinterms of ensuring the protection of the rights and interests of a minor in the production withhis participationofinvestigative and other actions before the initiation of a criminal case. Based on the analysis of materialsoflawenforcement practice, certain aspects of the production of operational-search activities, inspectionof thesceneofthe incident and examination with the participation of a minor are revealed. Based on the analysis of materialsoflaw enforcement practice, certain aspects of the production of operational-search activities, inspectionof thesceneof the incident and examination with the participation of a minor are revealed.
Influence of legal propaganda on the formation of legal consciousness andlegal thinking
Authors:   Ekaterina N. Toguzaeva Saratov National Research State University after N.G. Chernyshevsky, Toguzaeva Ekaterina N.
Published: February 2023

The importance of forming a high level of legal consciousness in moderntimes isemphasized,taking into account all the transformational changes in various fields, and the determining role of legal propaganda in this process. The author highlights the special role of the axiological function of legal propaganda, theimportance of which increases in times of crisis. Modern integration processes are accompaniedbyanindispensablechange in legal thinking, while the means, intensity and purposefulness of legal propaganda varysignificantlydepending on the type of legal consciousness and the subject in which legal thinking is beingformed. It isemphasized that depending on the type of legal consciousness, various methods of legal propaganda will beeffective, forexample, the ordinary level of legal consciousness will be characterized more by specific situational propaganda.At the ordinary level of legal consciousness, a psychological component is more often distinguished, whileatahigher level, legal ideology will prevail. It is concluded that all the results of the ideological effect of therighttopublic relations can have an informational and propaganda aspect, it is noted that modernlegal propagandaischaracterized by its socio-regulatory and legal-pedagogical impact on the individual.
Ecological Discourse Analysis and Ecological Diplomacy Analysis of Coverage about Beijing Winter Olympics Based on Transitivity System
Authors: Li Gaowei , Han Chengyu , Pi Ruonan , Gu He , Wang Jia , Ke Hao
Published: February 2023

This study aims to interpret the ecological meaning of discourse from system-functional linguistics perspective and analyses the ecological diplomacy ideas embedded in reporting, and to guide people to develop an ecological consciousness of living in harmony with nature through the analysis of ecological orientations. The study explores the ecological factors in the participant, process and environmental components. The results show that in terms of participant role distribution, material process participants and relational process participants account for the largest proportion. In terms of transitivity processes, the focus is on the use of material and relational processes. In terms of the distribution of circumstantial element, there are significant differences in the use of ecological discourse in coverage. The idea of ecological diplomacy is also implicitly reflected in the coverage.
The walled city and the dogs: the ritual and domestic role of canis lupus familiaris in Mayapán, Yucatán
Authors: Núñez Cortés Yajaira
Published: February 2023

This paper documents the role of domestic dogs (Canis lupus familiaris) in the domestic and ritual contexts of Mayapán. Mayapán was the last capital of the Postclassic Maya to be located on the Yucatán Peninsula. Dog remains have been recovered from ceremonial, elite, and lower-class contexts in the city. I analyze the distribution of skeletal elements and contexts of deposition in temples, halls, and houses, both in Iztmal Ch’en's monumental center and outlying ceremonial center.This paper presents the results of the identification of dog remains per structure, osteometric analysis, and estimations of weight and age. Counts of the number of identified specimens and the minimum number of individuals are performed, along with Chi-square, Fisher's exact test and principal coordinate analysis, to compare the presence of skeletal elements and the abundance of dog remains in each of the structures. Osteometric data from documented dog breeds, including the Mesoamerican common dog, the hairless dog, the Mayan short-faced dog, the tlalchichi, and the dog-wolf hybrid, are compared with measurements of maximum long bone length and the length and breadth of upper and lower first molars. An allometric formula used mandible height measurements at the middle of the first lower molar to predict body weight in grams. Observations of ossification in each skeletal element and dental eruption were compared to age charts to identify the ages of dogs recovered in Mayapán. This study shows that dogs were an important component of ritual life in Mayapán and were offered at ceremonies or feasts in the Templo Redondo group. It also demonstrates that the use of dogs in burial rituals and their consumption in domestic contexts was not restricted to elites.
Cuando repican las campanas: herencia hispana reinterpretada en los valles centrales de Oaxaca
Authors: Fahmel Beyer Bernd Walter
Published: February 2023

El estudio de las campanas es una disciplina reciente que aborda la historia y los usos que se han dado a este instrumento. En las ciudades de la América hispana se introdujeron los tañidos acostumbrados en España, pero muy poco se sabe de las prácticas adoptadas en los pueblos indígenas. Con base en el trabajo etnográfico realizado en los valles centrales de Oaxaca se observa que el ajuar de los templos varía en cantidad y calidad, aunque en muchos destaca la presencia de una campana de tormenta. Tanto las creencias españolas e indígenas sobre los relámpagos y las tormentas convergen en dicho objeto, que se asocia a los mitos de origen y a una figura conocida como señor Rayo que salva a los pueblos de las inundaciones que provoca la serpiente de agua.
Editorial 56-2
Authors: Salas Quintanal Hernán Javier , Villalobos Acosta César
Published: February 2023

La presente editorial de Anales de Antropología se escribe mientras México es embestido por la llamada quinta ola de contagios por COVID 19, afortunadamente con esquemas de vacunación extendidos que hacen más ligera la enfermedad para la mayor parte de la población, sin embargo, se vuelve a poner en evidencia las debilidades de la salud de la población, de las formas de alimentarse y de los sistemas de salud y de cuidado, temas que han sido abordados con gran interés por la antropología y abundan en los debates públicos. Si bien Anales, por su naturaleza de difundir resultados de investigaciones, no es una publicación que atiende temas eventuales ni coyunturales, pone atención en aquellas problemáticas que afectan a las poblaciones, al medio ambiente y a las relaciones de poder en el pasado y en el presente, sobre contingencias que no dejan indiferente a las ciencias sociales ni a la antropología.
Peligro real y cosmológico en las vueltas (“giros”) de folia de reis
Authors: Mendel Souza Luiz Gustavo
Published: February 2023

En medio de las zonas conflictivas de las ciudades del estado de Río de Janeiro, Brasil, entre los meses de diciembre y enero, grupos de devotos se desplazan para realizar sus prácticas rituales, caminando, cantando y llevando la buena nueva del nacimiento del niño Dios a sus fieles anfitriones, es la Folia de Reis. La propuesta de este trabajo es demostrar las articulaciones y tácticas utilizadas por los foliões para circular por las zonas marginales presentes en las periferias de la región metropolitana del estado de Río de Janeiro. Esta devoción acaba por asociar la noción de Folia de Reis y el peligro, no sólo físico, sino también cosmológico. La noción de misión sagrada dejada por los Santos Reyes nos permite pensar el mito en la práctica, es decir, la folia es el anuncio de la buena nueva, es la misión de anunciar que Jesús nació en una región peligrosa.
Empresas, megaproyectos y poder frente a los derechos indígenas: casos, zapoteco de Oaxaca y guarijío de Sonora, México
Authors: Morales Flores Haydée , Valdivia Dounce Teresa
Published: February 2023

A partir de dos estudios de caso y de la investigación etnográfica, las autoras abordamos los impactos sociales, culturales y ambientales a pueblos indígenas en México, producidos por megaproyectos de empresas. Ambos casos se refieren a la lucha de los pueblos por la defensa de sus recursos y territorio. El primero, una comunidad zapoteca, en Oaxaca, contra el restablecimiento de la minería y, el otro, en Sonora, contra la construcción de una represa. Si bien, cada caso tiene particularidades, podemos observar generalidades en las formas de proceder de los actores, quienes, de acuerdo a su nivel de poder, desplegaran estrategias para alcanzar sus intereses. Es necesario precisar que la propuesta de un megaproyecto establece relaciones de poder entre los actores involucrados, sin embargo, será en condiciones desiguales y desventajosas para los pueblos indígenas. Durante todo el proceso están presentes diferentes tipos de violencias y transgresiones a los derechos colectivos, donde el Estado y las empresas tienen responsabilidades.
Aún en un contexto de pandemia, las empresas continúan realizando actividades, al mismo tiempo, se hacen presentes diferentes respuestas por parte de los pueblos indígenas: desarrollo de consultas, movilizaciones, denuncias públicas, acciones judiciales, entre otras.
Reseña del Libro: México entre ajetreos históricos y enredos genéticos. Blanca Zoila González Sobrino
Authors: Aguirre Samudio Ana Julia
Published: February 2023

El libro México entre ajetreos históricos y enredos genéticos de Blanca Zoila González Sobrino consiste de cinco capítulos y una introducción que tratan el mestizaje en México. Muestras para análisis genéticos de diferentes regiones de México fueron colectadas para examinar cómo las relaciones económicas y sociales en el tiempo y la geografía influyen sobre la estructura de las poblaciones humanas del país a través de la dispersión o el aislamiento de las variantes genéticas que se heredan como linajes. González Sobrino construye interesantes esquemas gráficos con sentido social y parental que sintetizan con profundidad la estructura genética poblacional de los mexicanos y sus determinantes históricas.
Design of RCC Well Using StaadPro Software
Authors: Khune Anand , Natikar Krishna , Bhujbal Mohit , Wabale Satish , Bijwe Prof. Swapnil
Published: February 2023

Abstract: Water is human basic needs for daily life. Sufficient water distribution depends on design of a water tank in certain area. Many new ideas and innovation have been made for the storage of water and other liquid materials in different forms and fashions. Water retention structures, often known as water storage tanks, are an essential component of any distribution system. During periods of low demand, water is pumped into the storage tank, and during periods of high demand, water is pushed out of the storage tank and into the distribution system. STAADpro is a popular structural analysis application known for analysis, diverse applications of use, interoperability, and time-saving capabilities. STAADpro helps structural engineers perform 3D structural analysis and design for both steel and concrete structures.
Detection of Dementia Disease using Machine Learning Techniques: A Survey
Authors: Sharma Payal , Bansal Deepika
Published: February 2023

Abstract: Dementia is a cognitive and neurological disease that affects millions of numbers of people whole around the world. In this paper, different machine-learning algorithms are discussed to analyse dementia disease. The main objective of this paper is to study dementia using various machine learning algorithms to inspect their causes and how to decrease the high-risk group of people. A structured literature review has been presented which includes 15 research papers that take a view of different techniques implementing machine learning used for dementia.
Hypo Sludge and Steel Fiber as Partially Replacement of Cement and Sand in Concrete by Adding Superplasticizer: An Experimental Study
Authors: Dangi Naina , Misra Rajesh , Parihar R. S. , Jha Abhay Kumar , Kumar Barun
Published: February 2023

Abstract: Based on laboratory experiments to identify mechanical parameters including compressive strength, split tensile strength, and flexural strength carried out after 7 days and 28 days of curing, conclusions were drawn. Utilizing pertinent Indian Standards, experiments and concrete mix design were carried out. The findings show that up to a certain point, adding both HS and SF increases the compressive, tensile, and flexural strength of concrete at all curing ages. The ideal ratio of 20% HS, 2% steel fibre, and 800 ml of super plasticizer to give concrete optimal strength and workability as well as an initial and final setting is 20% HS, 2% steel fibre, and concrete. At 7 and 28 days, compressive strength has been obtained 24.78 N/mm2 and 43.72 N/mm2. After seven and twenty-eight days, the split tensile strength is 7.66 N/mm2 and 5.87 N/mm2, respectively, while the flexural strength is 2.94 N/mm2 and 3.85 N/mm2. HS and SF mixed concrete is 6.51 percent less expensive than regular concrete.