bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Self‐Sensing Robotic Structures from Architectured Particle Assemblies
Authors: Yang Xudong , Wang Zongzheng , Zhang Bojian , Chen Tianyu , Linghu Changhong , Wu Kunlin , Wang Guohui , Wang Hailu , Wang Yifan
Published: October 2022

The tight coupling of shape transformation, stiffness tuning, and self‐sensing that biological organisms exhibit has long served as inspiration for next‐generation soft robots. However, most current soft robots rely on intrinsically soft materials for actuation, separately embedded sensors for sensing, and have fixed stiffness once fabricated. Large gaps remain between these soft robots and biological organisms where multifunctionality is realized within an integrated body. Herein, a new class of robotic structures from architectured particle assemblies is introduced. They combine three functions: shape changing, stiffness variation, and self‐sensing into one monolithic structure. Unlike traditional entirely soft robots, the design utilizes the geometric contacts of stiff, architectured particles under confining pressure to achieve these functions. The applications of these structures by designing smart self‐sensing architectures and soft grippers are demonstrated. The design provides a new paradigm of multifunctional robotic structures, with potential multiscale applications in adaptive robots, smart devices, and reconfigurable architectures.
Quantum Fisher Information and Lee‐Yang Zeros with Quantum Coherence of the Isotropic XY$XY$ Model and the Energy Scale
Authors: Tao Hong , Shao Lei , Zhang Zhucheng , Zhang Xingyu , Zhang Rui , Chen Jie , Lu Wangjun
Published: October 2022

Lee‐Yang zeros lie on the complex plane of the control parameters for many‐body systems with finite size, such as the transverse magnetic field and the inverse temperature. Here, an anisotropic spin system with nearest‐neighbor interactions for finite‐size parity space is considered. The Lee‐Yang zeros are obtained in anisotropic model for the complex plane of the transverse magnetic field and in the isotropic model for the complex fugacity plane of the quantum coherence. A characteristic function to represent the probe spin coherence for the isotropic model, and study on Lee‐Yang zeros, quantum coherence, and quantum Fisher information at the complex fugacity plane is presented. The relationship between quantum Fisher information and quantum coherence in decoherence channels is demonstrated and it is illustrated that information cannot be acquired at high temperatures. Meanwhile, the ground‐state energy on the complex plane for the anisotropic model is studied and the free energy cumulants with the partition function of the anisotropic model for parity space is calculated.
Sequential and Reversible Phase Transformations in Zero‐Dimensional Organic‐Inorganic Hybrid Sb‐based Halides towards Multiple Emissions
Authors: Li Bohan , Jin Jiance , Yin Meijuan , Zhang Xinlei , Molokeev Maxim S. , Xia Zhiguo , Xu Yan
Published: October 2022

Zero‐dimensional (0D) metal halides have drawn increasing attention due to the attractive structure dependent photoluminescence (PL) properties. Here, we report two new 0D organic–inorganic hybrid Sb‐based halides, (MTP)6SbBr6Sb2Br9⋅H2O (MTP=Methyltriphenylphosphonium, crystal 1) and (MTP)2SbBr5 (crystal 2), featuring a reversible structural phase transformation and tunable orange and red emissions upon dehydration and rehydration of H2O molecules. Intriguingly, a subsequent heat treatment further enables the formation of glassy state (MTP)2SbBr5 (glass 3) with near‐infrared luminescence, moreover, a sequential reverse phase transformation from glass 3 to crystal 2 and 1 is triggered by acetonitrile and water vapor stepwise. The anti‐counterfeiting demo based on the tunable and reversible PL switching is finally achieved and thus the phase structure engineering in 0D metal halides expands their multiple applications in optical fields.
Hierarchical Supramolecular Self‐Assembly: Fabrication and Visualization of Multiblock Microstructures**
Authors: Shi Xiujuan , Zhang Jun , Liu Junkai , Zhao Xueqian , Wang Haoran , Wei Peifa , Zhang Xiaodong , Ni Xin‐Long , Sung Herman H.‐Y. , Williams Ian D. , Ng Wai Kit , Wong Kam Sing , Lam Jacky W. Y. , Wang Lin , Jin Honglin , Tang Ben Zhong
Published: October 2022

Due to the fast dynamics and re‐equilibration of supramolecular self‐assembly, bottom‐up molecular strategies to fabricate well‐defined and controllable multiblock structures are rare. Herein, we propose a new concept for fabrication of fluorescent multiblock microcolumns containing 1 to 7 blocks via hierarchical supramolecular self‐assembly based on cucurbit[8]uril (CB[8]), NaBr and an AIEgen guest. Through the complexation between CB[8] and different numbers of AIEgen guests (2, 1, 0), the competitive displacement caused by the binding of the sodium cation to the CB[8] portal, and the reversible assembly of positively charged guests in salt solutions, one‐pot hierarchical supramolecular self‐assembly is realized. The molecular structure of each block is analyzed by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction. The AIEgen enables the self‐assembly of multiblocks to be visualized, understood, and regulated.
Prediction of basic drug exposure in milk using a lactation model algorithm integrated within a physiologically based pharmacokinetic model
Authors: Pansari Amita , Faisal Muhammad , Jamei Masoud , Abduljalil Khaled
Published: October 2022

Medication use during breastfeeding can be a matter of concern due to unintended infant exposure to drugs through breast milk. The available information relating to the safety of most medications is limited and may vary. More precise information is needed regarding the safety to the newborn or infants of the medications taken by the mother during breastfeeding. Physiologically based Pharmacokinetic Model (PBPK) approaches can be utilized to predict the drug exposure in the milk of breastfeeding women and can act as a supporting tool in the risk assessment of feeding infants. This study aims to assess the predictive performance of an integrated ‘log transformed phase‐distribution’ lactation model within a PBPK platform. The model utilizes the physicochemical properties of four basic drugs, namely tramadol, venlafaxine, fluoxetine, and paroxetine, and analyses the milk compositions to predict the milk‐to‐plasma (M/P) ratio. The M/P prediction model was incorporated within the Simcyp Simulator V20 to predict the milk exposure and to estimate the likely infant dose for these drugs. The PBPK models adequately predicted the maternal plasma exposure, M/P ratio, and the infant daily dose to within two‐fold of the clinically observed values for all four compounds. Integration of the lactation model within PBPK models facilitates the prediction of drug exposure in breast milk. The developed model can inform the design of lactation studies and assist with the neonatal risk assessment after maternal exposure to such environmental chemicals or basic drugs which diffuse passively into the milk.
Asymmetric inheritance of cytoophidia could contribute to determine cell fate and plasticity
Authors: Darekar Suhas , Laín Sonia
Published: October 2022

Two enzymes involved in the synthesis of pyrimidine and purine nucleotides, CTP synthase (CTPS) and IMP dehydrogenase (IMPDH), can assemble into a single or very few large filaments called rods and rings (RR) or cytoophidia. Most recently, asymmetric cytoplasmic distribution of organelles during cell division has been described as a decisive event in hematopoietic stem cell fate. We propose that cytoophidia, which could be considered as membrane‐less organelles, may also be distributed asymmetrically during mammalian cell division as previously described for Schizosaccharomyces pombe. Furthermore, because each type of nucleotide intervenes in distinct processes (e.g., membrane synthesis, glycosylation, and G protein‐signaling), alterations in the rate of synthesis of specific nucleotide types could influence cell differentiation in multiple ways. Therefore, we hypothesize that whether a daughter cell inherits or not CTPS or IMPDH filaments determines its fate and that this asymmetric inheritance, together with the dynamic nature of these structures enables plasticity in a cell population.
Is online self‐regulatory training effective in weight control? A pilot experiment on adolescence obesity during coronavirus‐19 lockdown
Authors: Rezaei Niyasar Asiyeh , Moradi Alireza , Radman Narges , Sadeghi Meysam , Mahmoudi Maryam
Published: October 2022

Objective

Studies have shown that obesity is associated with decreased executive function. Impaired executive functions lead to poor self‐regulation, which in turn may result in persistence of unhealthy behaviors, including eating behaviors, throughout life. Increasing self‐regulation in childhood and adolescence has positive effects on creating healthy behaviors such as reducing unnecessary eating and changing unhealthy eating habits. The main purpose of this study is to evaluate an intervention package based on cognitive self‐regulation training in changing eating behaviors and reducing obesity in children and adolescents.

Methods

Fifty‐six students with obesity aged 12–16 years participated in the study in three groups (cognitive self‐regulation training [CSRT], diet, and control). The CSRT group received twenty 30‐min online training sessions with a diet over 10 weeks. The diet group received only a diet with no other intervention, and the control group did not receive any intervention.

Results

The results of our 2 × 3 repeated‐measures ANOVA showed that the CSRT group had a mean BMI decrease of 2.21 (kg/m2) after ten weeks, and 3.24 (kg/m2) at the follow‐up time. The diet group had a BMI decrease of 0.49 (kg/m2) at the ten weeks. In addition, the results showed that the CSRT had a significant reduction in eating behaviors such as external eating and emotional eating. However, the other two groups showed no changes in eating behaviors.

Conclusions

Our results show that online cognitive self‐regulation training has been effective in weight loss and eating behaviors. This study shows promising evidence for the efficacy of the online CSRT‐training as a weight stabilization intervention in children with obesity.
Corticotropin‐releasing factor is involved in acute stress‐induced analgesia and antipruritus
Authors: Wang Xiao‐Dong , Bai Hao‐Miao , Li Xiao‐Lan , Zhang Lin‐Fang , Li Fei , Bai Yang , Wu Zhen‐Yu , Liu Shang‐Qing , Li Hui
Published: October 2022

Background

Under the condition of stress, the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis (HPA axis) is activated and causes the secretion of corticotropin‐releasing factor (CRF). Previous studies have demonstrated that CRF is involved in the regulation of pain and itch. Thus, it remains worthy to explore whether the desensitization of pain and itch under high‐intensity acute stress (such as high fear and tension) is related to the sharp increase of CRF.

Methods

Forced swimming was used to simulate acute stress. ELISA and pharmacological methods were conducted to observe the effects of forced swimming on acute pain or itch and the relationship between blood CRF content and itch or pain behavior. Intracerebroventricular (ICV) administration of CRF was conducted to examine the effects of CRF on acute pain or itch. Intrathecal administration of CRF receptor agonist or antagonist was conducted to examine the receptor mechanisms of the regulatory role of CRF in pain and itch.

Results

ELISA experiment showed that the serum CRF in mice reached its peak within 5–10 min after acute stress (forced swimming). Behavioral data showed that the scratching behavior induced by itch agents decreased after acute swimming, while the mechanical pain threshold increased significantly. The inhibitory effect of acute stress on pain and itch is mediated by CRF receptor2 (CRFR2). Then, ICV injection of CRF was used to simulate the massive release of CRF under acute stress, and we observed that the scratching behavior induced by histamine or chloroquine was significantly inhibited after ICV injection of CRF. The above effects of CRF are mainly mediated by CRFR2. These results suggest that 5–10 min after acute stress, a large amount of CRF is released into the blood from the hypothalamus, which significantly inhibits acute pain and itch by acting on CRFR2. ICV injection of CRF can replicate the antipruritus effects of acute stress.

Conclusions

The present study investigated the mechanism of acute stress‐induced analgesia and antipruritus and provided theoretical support for the treatment of pain and itch.
N‐acetyltransferase 10 promotes colon cancer progression by inhibiting ferroptosis through N4‐acetylation and stabilization of ferroptosis suppressor protein 1 (FSP1) mRNA
Authors: Zheng Xiao , Wang Qi , Zhou You , Zhang Dachuan , Geng Yiting , Hu Wenwei , Wu Changping , Shi Yufang , Jiang Jingting
Published: October 2022

Background

N‐acetyltransferase 10 (NAT10) is the only enzyme known to mediate the N4‐acetylcytidine (ac4C) modification of mRNA and is crucial for mRNA stability and translation efficiency. However, its role in cancer development and prognosis has not yet been explored. This study aimed to examine the possible role of NAT10 in colon cancer.

Methods

The expression levels of NAT10 were evaluated by immunohistochemical analyses with a colon cancer tissue microarray, and its prognostic value in patients was further analyzed. Quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR) and Western blotting were performed to analyze NAT10 expression in harvested colon cancer tissues and cell lines. Stable NAT10‐knockdown and NAT10‐overexpressing colon cancer cell lines were constructed using lentivirus. The biological functions of NAT10 in colon cancer cell lines were analyzed in vitro by Cell Counting Kit‐8 (CCK‐8), wound healing, Transwell, cell cycle, and ferroptosis assays. Xenograft models were used to analyze the effect of NAT10 on the tumorigenesis and metastasis of colon cancer cells in vivo. Dot blotting, acetylated RNA immunoprecipitation‐qPCR, and RNA stability analyses were performed to explore the mechanism by which NAT10 functions in colon cancer progression.

Results

NAT10 was upregulated in colon cancer tissues and various colon cancer cell lines. This increased NAT10 expression was associated with shorter patient survival. Knockdown of NAT10 in two colon cancer cell lines (HT‐29 and LoVo) impaired the proliferation, migration, invasion, tumor formation and metastasis of these cells, whereas overexpression of NAT10 promoted these abilities. Further analysis revealed that NAT10 exerted a strong effect on the mRNA stability and expression of ferroptosis suppressor protein 1 (FSP1) in HT‐29 and LoVo cells. In these cells, FSP1 mRNA was found to be modified by ac4C acetylation, and this epigenetic modification was associated with the inhibition of ferroptosis.

Conclusions

Our study revealed that NAT10 plays a critical role in colon cancer development by affecting FSP1 mRNA stability and ferroptosis, suggesting that NAT10 could be a novel prognostic and therapeutic target in colon cancer.
Current updates of CRISPR/Cas9‐mediated genome editing and targeting within tumor cells: an innovative strategy of cancer management
Authors: Allemailem Khaled S. , Alsahli Mohammed A , Almatroudi Ahmad , Alrumaihi Faris , Alkhaleefah Fahd Khaleefah , Rahmani Arshad Husain , Khan Amjad Ali
Published: October 2022

Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats‐associated protein (CRISPR/Cas9), an adaptive microbial immune system, has been exploited as a robust, accurate, efficient and programmable method for genome targeting and editing. This innovative and revolutionary technique can play a significant role in animal modeling, in vivo genome therapy, engineered cell therapy, cancer diagnosis and treatment. The CRISPR/Cas9 endonuclease system targets a specific genomic locus by single guide RNA (sgRNA), forming a heteroduplex with target DNA. The Streptococcus pyogenes Cas9/sgRNA:DNA complex reveals a bilobed architecture with target recognition and nuclease lobes. CRISPR/Cas9 assembly can be hijacked, and its nanoformulation can be engineered as a delivery system for different clinical utilizations. However, the efficient and safe delivery of the CRISPR/Cas9 system to target tissues and cancer cells is very challenging, limiting its clinical utilization. Viral delivery strategies of this system may have many advantages, but disadvantages such as immune system stimulation, tumor promotion risk and small insertion size outweigh these advantages. Thus, there is a desperate need to develop an efficient non‐viral physical delivery system based on simple nanoformulations. The delivery strategies of CRISPR/Cas9 by a nanoparticle‐based system have shown tremendous potential, such as easy and large‐scale production, combination therapy, large insertion size and efficient in vivo applications. This review aims to provide in‐depth updates on Streptococcus pyogenic CRISPR/Cas9 structure and its mechanistic understanding. In addition, the advances in its nanoformulation‐based delivery systems, including lipid‐based, polymeric structures and rigid NPs coupled to special ligands such as aptamers, TAT peptides and cell‐penetrating peptides, are discussed. Furthermore, the clinical applications in different cancers, clinical trials and future prospects of CRISPR/Cas9 delivery and genome targeting are also discussed.
SDCBP‐AS1 destabilizes β‐catenin by regulating ubiquitination and SUMOylation of hnRNP K to suppress gastric tumorigenicity and metastasis
Authors: Han Jing , Nie Menglin , Chen Cong , Cheng Xiaojing , Guo Ting , Huangfu Longtao , Li Xiaomei , Du Hong , Xing Xiaofang , Ji Jiafu
Published: October 2022

Background

Gastric cancer (GC) is among the most malignant tumors, yet the pathogenesis is not fully understood, especially the lack of detailed information about the mechanisms underlying long non‐coding RNA (lncRNA)‐mediated post‐translational modifications. Here, the molecular mechanisms and clinical significance of the novel lncRNA syndecan‐binding protein 2‐antisense RNA 1 (SDCBP2‐AS1) in the tumorigenesis and progression of GC were investigated.

Methods

The expression levels of SDCBP2‐AS1 in 132 pairs of GC and adjacent normal tissues were compared, and the biological functions were assessed in vitro and in vivo. RNA pull‐down and immunoprecipitation assays were conducted to clarify the interactions of SDCBP2‐AS1 and heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein (hnRNP) K. RNA‐sequencing, immunoprecipitation, immunofluorescence, and luciferase analyses were performed to investigate the functions of SDCBP2‐AS1.

Results

SDCBP2‐AS1 was significantly downregulated in GC tissues and predictive of poor patient prognosis. Silencing of SDCBP2‐AS1 promoted the proliferation and migration of GC cells both in vitro and in vivo. Mechanically, SDCBP2‐AS1 physically bound to hnRNP K to repress SUMOylation of hnRNP K and facilitated ubiquitination of hnRNP K and β‐catenin, thereby promoting the degradation of β‐catenin in the cytoplasm. Silencing of SDCBP2‐AS1 caused SUMOylation of hnRNP K and stabilized β‐catenin activity, which altered transcription of downstream genes, resulting in tumorigenesis and metastasis of GC. Moreover, the knockdown of hnRNP K partially abrogated the effects of SDCBP2‐AS1.

Conclusions

SDCBP2‐AS1 interacts with hnRNP K to suppress tumorigenesis and metastasis of GC and regulates post‐transcriptional modifications of hnRNP K to destabilize β‐catenin. These findings suggest SDCBP2‐AS1 as a potential target for the treatment of GC.
A comparison of men and women referred to provincial correctional mental health services in Ontario, Canada
Authors: Ray Ipsita , Fulham Lindsay , Simpson Alexander I. , Vogel Tobias , Gerritsen Cory , Patel Kiran , Jones Roland M.
Published: October 2022

Background

Women comprise around 15% of admissions to provincial correctional institutions in Canada. Women in custody are known to have a high prevalence of mental health concerns, but little is known about how those referred to mental health services compare with referred men at a similar stage of imprisonment.

Aims

Our aim was to describe and compare clinical, social and demographic characteristics of a complete cohort of custodially remanded men and women who were referred to mental health services while under custodial remand in two correctional institutions.

Methods

We carried out retrospective analysis of data obtained from 4040 men and 1734 provincially detained women referred to mental health services in two correctional centres holding mainly pre‐trial prisoners and serving a large mixed urban‐rural catchment area in Toronto, Canada over a nearly five‐year period. Men and women were first screened using the Brief Jail Mental Health Screen. Those who screened positive were assessed using the Jail Screening Assessment Tool the Brief Psychopathology Rating Scale—Expanded (BPRS‐E) and the Clinical Global Impression—Corrections (CGI‐C).

Results

There were many similarities between men and women, but also some important differences. Women were more socioeconomically disadvantaged than men. More women than men reported having children, yet fewer reported having any form of employment or social supports, although men were more likely to report unstable housing. In addition, women were significantly more likely to have mood and anxiety problems and to be self‐harming, but did not differ from men in current psychotic symptoms. We also found differences in patterns of substance use, with a higher proportion of women using heroin and methamphetamines but fewer women having accessed addiction services.

Conclusions

Our findings have implications for clinicians and service planners. They underscore the value of systematic screening for identifying need. More specifically, they suggest need for increased availability of addiction services for women as well as ensuring support for those women who have dependent‐age children. Improvement in supports for entry into employment is particularly needed for women, while men are particularly likely to need access to stable housing.
Hemangioma of the umbilical cord: A case report on a rare entity
Authors: Ben Thayer Maissa , Helal Imen , Khanchel Fatma , Mbarki Chaouki , Bettaieb Hajer , Ben Brahim Ehsen , Jouini Raja , Chadli Debbiche Aschraf
Published: October 2022

Several hundred cases of placental hemangiomas have been reported in the literature. However, the umbilical cord is extremely uncommon as a site of occurrence. We present a case of postnatal discovery of giant hemangioma of the umbilical cord (HUM) in a Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID 19) positive mother. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of HUM synchronous to a maternal infection with COVID 19. We aim, through this case and a review of the literature, to study the clinicopathological characteristics of this singular entity. Our patient, a 37‐year‐old woman, presented to the Department Of Obstetrics And Gynecology for respiratory distress and loss of fetal movements. Ultrasound examination concluded to intrauterine fetal desmise. After stabilization of the patient, a cesarean section was performed. A macerated fetus was extracted. Placenta showed a giant mass attached to the cord. It was submitted for pathological examination. Gross examination showed that the umbilical cord was inserted eccentrically with a fusiform dilation. Near its placental end, three cohesive solid angiomatous nodules were noted. Microscopic examination revealed lobules of dilated blood‐filled capillaries set in a myxoid stroma. The diagnosis of HUM have been established. HUM arise from endothelial cells of the umbilical vessels. Their etiology, physio‐pathology and pathways of tumorigenesis are not yet well defined. Further studies are needed to explore the pathways of tumorigenesis and to determin the implication of COVID‐19 in HUM.
Modelling temperature dynamics of the SAGD process in an oil reservoir by the discovery of parametric partial differential equations
Authors: Raviprakash Kiran , Ganesh Ajay , Huang Biao , Prasad Vinay
Published: October 2022

Many chemical and industrial processes are complex, and the dynamics of such processes cannot be explained using a partial differential equation (PDE) or a system of PDEs with constant coefficients. Parametric PDEs, that is, PDEs with their coefficients varying across time or space, are utilized for this purpose. The non‐availability of data at all spatial locations and partially available process knowledge add to the complexity of modelling such processes. This paper proposes a framework to discover parametric PDEs using data‐driven and hybrid modelling approaches with the temperature dynamics of steam‐assisted gravity drainage (SAGD) process in an oil reservoir as the system under study. We utilize an ensemble of 200 realizations of the temperature dynamics generated using the variogram for the PDE discovery. Permeability, which is one of the oil reservoir's petrophysical properties, is used to develop the hybrid models. We infer that utilizing partial process knowledge aids in improving the model's accuracy.
Transient multiphase CO2 release from high‐pressure tanks: Influence of phase changes, viscous heating, and Joule–Thomson effect
Authors: Fiore Piergiuseppe , Coppola Michela , Meninno Paola , Sannino Maddalena , De Marco Giuseppe , Sacco Serafino , Caravella Alessio
Published: October 2022

In this study, CO2 free expansion from high‐pressure tanks is studied in a transient state while considering the influence of different phenomena—that is, viscous heating, phase transition (solid/liquid/vapour phase), and the Joule–Thomson effect—in an initially supersonic flow. This investigation is performed using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) techniques, comparing the obtained results with some experimental data of the literature with a maximum discrepancy of around 8.5%. In particular, for the first time from the literature, it is observed that, according to the velocity evolution at the outlet, the discharge process is conveniently divided into three here‐defined stages: (1) shocking flow, where pressure abruptly decreases with time and flow becomes supersonic, this leading to the condensation of part of CO2; (2) transition flow, characterized by a sort of constant pressure time trend; and (3) flashing flow, where pressure decreases less abruptly following an asymptotic pattern up to the atmospheric one and flow becomes subsonic. Furthermore, non‐equilibrium condensation occurring in the tank, tube, and outlet is observed, finding that the minimum temperature reached by the fluid is around 235 K (−38°C). As well, the non‐equilibrium condensation is taken into account in order to give an indication of the amount of liquid CO2 leaving the outlet in the form of high‐speed jet, which can be a serious danger for personnel and surrounding installations. Moreover, we observe an important effect of viscous heating in the early‐stage expansion for a relatively short time range, within which the temperature in the tube experiences an abrupt increase of around 210 K (from 170 to 380 K). The same effect in the external room creates a convection flow, pushing CO2 towards the top. The results of the present work can be used for health, safety, and environment (HSE) management purposes and for a more precise process design related to CO2 storage and sequestration.
Optimizing the extraction of cobalt ions under response surface methodology and without organic solutions
Authors: Sobhi Amjad Razieh , Asadollahzadeh Mehdi , Torkaman Rezvan , Torab‐Mostaedi Meisam
Published: October 2022

In this study, response surface methodology was used to evaluate the extraction of cobalt ions using an aqueous two‐phase system (ATPS). This method is environmentally benign and low‐risk because water has replaced the poisonous and dangerous organic solvents in this extraction procedure. For the first time, a central composite design was employed to examine the effect of various factors on the extraction of cobalt ions. The findings of the experimental design revealed that the concentration and volume of cobalt ions had a considerable impact on the extraction percentage in the ATPS system. In contrast, the concentration of ammonium sulphate and pH had only a minor effect. The value of the correlation coefficient (R2 = 0.9565) clearly shows the agreement between the mathematical model and the experimental results. The maximum extraction percentage was attained in optimum conditions (50% polyethylene glycol concentration, 3.75 M salt concentration, 0.5 ml cobalt volume, and pH 4).
In silico analysis of a hierarchical microfluidic vascular network: Detecting the location of angiogenic sprouting
Authors: Asiyabi Milad Mahdinezhad , Vahidi Bahman
Published: October 2022

Lack of oxygen is one of the leading causes of failure in engineered tissue. Therefore, angiogenesis will be necessary for the survival of larger tissues in vivo. In addition, a proper lymphatic system that plays an essential role in relieving inflammation and maintaining tissue homeostasis is of great importance for tissue regeneration and repair. Many biomechanical parameters are involved in controlling angiogenesis and capillary network generation, which are challenging to study and control in experimental studies or in vitro. In the present study, using numerical modeling, the effect of various geometric and biomechanical parameters in creating suitable conditions for angiogenesis was investigated. Furthermore, sprouting points were predicted using flow dynamics. For this purpose, a porous scaffold, flow channels with parametric geometry that followed Murray's law, and a drainage channel were considered. Results suggested that the geometry of the microfluidic channels and the characteristics of the vessel wall and scaffold plays a complementary role in determining the transmural pressure. It was found that a twofold increase in the vascular hydraulic conductivity can reduce the minimum transmural pressure by up to 28% and increase the drainage flow rate by 44%. In addition, the minimum magnitude of transmural pressure tends to zero for scaffold's hydraulic conductivity values smaller than 10−11 m3 s kg−1. The results of this study can be used in optimizing the design of the relevant microfluidic systems to induce angiogenesis and avoid leakage in the constructed implantable tissue.
An activate appearance model‐based algorithm for ear characteristic points positioning
Authors: Ke Wende , Chen Yuhan , Pang Yijie , Li Qingfeng , Lu Dongxin
Published: October 2022

In the field of ear acupoint therapy in traditional Chinese medicine, many diseases can be treated through ear acupoint acupuncture, buried needle, bleeding, ear acupoint compression, massage, electric stimulation, and other programs. To achieve this goal, the positioning of the earhole feature point region is required. Based on the active appearance model, this article proposes an automatic identification feature point scheme through 168 datasets of data (including data collected based on standard equipment and ordinary mobile phones) collected from Hangzhou Normal University, China. The experimental results show that the average distance error of 91 feature points is less than 6 pixels, which can replace the identification work of TCM ear acupoint doctors.
FTPS: Efficient fault‐tolerant dynamic phrase search over outsourced encrypted data with forward and backward privacy
Authors: Zhou Yousheng , Liu Kexin , Vijayakumar Pandi
Published: October 2022

With the popularity of cloud computing, more and more users store sensitive information in cloud servers. In order to protect the data over the cloud server, symmetric encryption with keyword search has been developed and the phrase search has been proposed subsequently to overcome the inefficiency produced by single/multi‐keyword search. However, most existing phrase search schemes fails to support fault‐tolerant search which is essential to users. Therefore, this paper proposes a fault‐tolerant dynamic phrase search scheme with forward privacy and backward privacy (FTPS). Piecewise Linear Chaotic Map and minhash function are used to blur information, and Bloom filter based index is constructed to realize efficient search and dynamic update simultaneously. Security analysis proves that FTPS can properly preserve the privacy of search user, and experimental results show that FTPS is practical.
Model selection via conditional conceptual predictive statistic for mixed and stochastic restricted ridge estimators in linear mixed models
Authors: Özkale M. Revan , Kuran Özge
Published: October 2022

In this article, we characterize the mixed () and conditional stochastic restricted ridge () statistics that depend on the expected conditional Gauss discrepancy for the purpose of selecting the most appropriate model when stochastic restrictions are appeared in linear mixed models. Under the known and unknown variance components assumptions, we define two shapes of and statistics. Then, the article is concluded with both a Monte Carlo simulation study and a real data analysis, supporting the findings of the theoretical results on the and statistics.
An effective routing algorithm for spectrum allocations in cognitive radio based internet of things
Authors: Cicioğlu Murtaza , Çalhan Ali , Miah Md Sipon
Published: October 2022

The Internet of Things (IoT) concept increases the spectrum demands of mobile users in wireless communications because of the intensive and heterogeneous structure of IoT. Various devices are joining IoT networks every day, and spectrum scarcity may be a crucial issue for IoT environments in the near future. Cognitive radio (CR) is capable of sensing and detecting spectrum holes. With the aim of CR, more powerful IoT devices will be constructed in such crowded wireless environments. Also, dynamic and ad‐hoc CR networks have not a fixed base station. Therefore, CR capable IoT (CR‐based IoT) device approach with routing capabilities will be a solution for future IoT environments. In this study, spectrum aware Ad hoc on‐demand distance vector routing protocol is proposed for CR‐based IoT devices in IoT environments. For the performance analysis of the proposed method, various network scenarios with different idle probability have been performed and throughput and delay results for different offered loads have been analyzed.
Phase Evolution and Electrochemical Properties of Nanometric Samarium Oxide for Stable Protonic Ceramic Fuel Cells
Authors: Hu Enyi , Wang Jun , Ma Longqing , Yousaf Muhammad , Wang Faze , Zhu Bin , Yang Wenxiu , Lund Peter
Published: October 2022

Electrochemical properties of metal oxide have a strong correlation with the crystalline structures. In this work, the effect of calcination temperature on the phase evolution and electrochemical properties of Sm2O3 was systematically evaluated. The results demonstrate that the sample calcinated at 700 °C (SM‐700) is composed of a pure cubic phase while it begins to convert into a monoclinic phase at a temperature above 800 °C and fully converts into a monoclinic phase at 1100 °C. Moreover, the evolution process causes atomic redistribution, and more oxygen vacancies are formed in cubic phase Sm2O3, contributing to the improved ionic conductivity. The ionic conductivity of 0.138 S cm−1 and maximum power density of 895 mW cm−2 at 520 °C are achieved using SM‐700 as electrolyte for protonic ceramic fuel cell (PCFC). The cubic structure remains stable in the durability testing process and the SM‐700 based fuel cell delivers enhanced stability of 140 mW cm−2 for 100 h. This research develops a calcination evolution process to improve the ionic conductivity and fuel cell performance of the Sm2O3 electrolyte for stable PCFC.
Coarsening‐induced disappearing droplets contribute to condensation
Authors: Guo Zongqi , Monga Deepak , Shan Li , Boylan Dylan , Dai Xianming
Published: October 2022

Condensation heat transfer is widely used in water and energy systems. Despite being extensively studied, since 1973, the models for dropwise condensation have strongly relied on the droplet size distribution. In this study, we report that the classical models underestimate the heat transfer performance of dropwise condensation on a hydrophilic liquid‐infused surface, on which the meniscus‐mediated coarsening droplets lead to a previously unachieved droplet coverage ratio down to 30%. We found that the time‐averaged classical models have overlooked the coarsening‐induced disappearing droplets. Moreover, these models cannot be used to determine the instantaneous heat transfer coefficient on the shedding‐induced water‐free surface under steam condensation. Thus, a dynamic model is developed for dropwise condensation by considering the disappearing droplets induced by both coarsening and shedding, which shows good agreement with the experimental validation. Such a dynamic model provides a theoretical foundation to design surfaces for condensation, giving rise to an advanced design guideline for water and energy systems.
The electrodynamics of rod‐like microparticles based on optically induced dielectrophoresis
Authors: Shi Liuyong , Zhong Xiangtao , Wu Tao , Bian Qin , Liu Xiaomei , Miao Huaqing , Deng Yongbo , Yin Binfeng , Zhou Teng
Published: October 2022

Due to its characteristics of noncontact, non‐damage, high flux, and easy‐to‐achieve flexible manipulation, optically induced dielectrophoresis (ODEP) technology has been employed to manipulate microspherical biological particles, including separation, enrichment, capture, arrangement, and fusion. However, in nature, biomolecules are morphologically diverse, and some of them are rodlike. In order to illustrate the electrodynamics of rodlike particles under the action of ODEP, a transient multi‐physical field coupling model of ODEP chip under the hypothesis of electrical double layer thin layer was established in this paper. The arbitrary Lagrangian–Eulerian method is used to track single‐rod particle in the strong coupled flow field and electric field simultaneously. The influence of several key factors, including the applied alternating current (AC) electric voltage, the width of optical bright area, and the initial position of particle, on the trajectory of particle center was analyzed in positive dielectrophoresis (DEP) action and negative DEP action, respectively. Especially, the planar motion process of rodlike particles was discussed together. The research results reveal the electrodynamics behavior of rodlike particles based on the action of ODEP, which may provide theoretical support for the further design of rodlike biological cells manipulation chip based on AC ODEP technology in the future.
Linking anthropogenic burning activities to magnetic susceptibility: Studies at Brazilian archaeological sites
Authors: de Sousa Daniel V. , Rodet Maria J. , Duarte‐Talim Déborah , Teixeira Wenceslau G. , Prous André , Vasconcelos Bruno N. , Pereira Edithe
Published: October 2022

This study provides the first survey of Brazilian magnetic susceptibility (MS) data from varying archaeological and geological contexts, including open‐air sites, quartzite, and limestone rockshelters, and Amazonian dark earths. Our MS analyses associated with archaeological findings allow us to propose MS values as proxies of intense anthropogenic burning activities for archaeological sites with (i) systematic use of large hearth lit in the same places; (ii) systematic burns and highly diverse uses; (iii) higher diversity use with few fire activities and knapping playing an essential role; and (iv) incipient human activities and the initial use of the archaeological site. Our data are limited to understanding anthropogenic burning activities and cannot be extended to reveal other archaeological aspects. The results have implications for understanding human occupation in a large area with numerous archaeological sites. This study was the first step in distinguishing archaeological fires from natural fires and provided a new perspective for further research that attempts to identify distinct types of human fires.
Toward a more sustainable environment: Understanding why and when green training promotes employees' eco‐friendly behaviors outside of work
Authors: Usman Muhammad , Rofcanin Yasin , Ali Moazzam , Ogbonnaya Chidiebere , Babalola Mayowa T.
Published: October 2022

Although green training has been shown in past research to promote environmentally responsible behaviors at work, scholars have paid less attention to its influence on employees' eco‐friendly behaviors outside of work. This omission is critical because confining green training research to the work domain obscures its benefits in promoting employees' pro‐environmental behaviors beyond the workplace, and thus its role in supporting organizational efforts to conserve the natural environment. To address this gap, we examine the direct and indirect (via connectedness to nature) relationships between green training and employees' eco‐friendly behaviors outside of work, including consumption of eco‐friendly products, reuse of items and materials, and reduced consumption of resources such as water, electricity, and paper. We also examine the moderating influence of intrinsic spirituality on the direct link between green training and connectedness to nature, as well as the indirect link between green training and eco‐friendly behaviors beyond the workplace. Using time‐lagged, multisource data, we find support for our hypotheses. Our findings advance knowledge on the important yet largely overlooked role of green training in shaping employees' environmentally responsible behaviors outside of the workplace.
Retracted: The relationship between C‐reactive protein and levels of various cytokines in patients with COVID‐19: A systematic review and correlation analysis
Authors: SeyedAlinaghi SeyedAhmad , Karimi Amirali , Mirzapour Pegah , Afroughi Fatemeh , Noroozi Alireza , Arjmand Ghazal , Abshenas Shayan , Pashaei Zahra , Tantuoyir Marcarious M. , Dadras Omid , Qaderi Kowsar , Saeidi Solmaz , Dehghani Soheil , Shabanzadeh Pirsaraie Ayda , Mehraeen Esmaeil , Afsahi Amir Masoud
Published: October 2022

Introduction

C‐reactive protein (CRP) and cytokines levels could alter in patients with coronavirus disease (COVID‐19) due to the inflammatory response caused by the virus. This analysis aimed to assess the relationship between the CRP levels and the levels of various cytokines in COVID‐19 patients.

Materials and Methods

We searched the databases of PubMed, Cochrane, and Web of Science for relevant articles on May 29th, 2021. Applying the inclusion/exclusion criteria, the retrieved records underwent two‐phase screenings; first, a title/abstract screening process, and then, a full‐text screening to find the eligible studies. Data for study variables were extracted, including the CRP levels and the levels of all reported cytokines. A strong and significant relationship between Interleukins and CRP was defined as:p ≤ 0.05, 0.7 ≤ r ≤ 1.

Results

In this study, 103 studies were included for systematic review and correlation analysis. The aggregate mean and SD of study variables were calculated and reported. The correlation between Interleukins and CRP was measured using correlation coefficient (r). It appeared that interleukin (IL)‐10 has a moderate and significant relationship with CRP (p ≤ 0.05,r = 0.472). IL‐10 predicted almost 10% of CRP changes.

Conclusion

This correlation analysis suggests IL‐10 is moderately correlated with CRP levels in patients with COVID‐19 infection. A better understanding of the pro‐inflammatory markers could contribute to the implementation of therapeutic and preventive approaches. More prospective studies are suggested to explore the relationship between CRP and cytokines as potential markers for the early identification of COVID‐19 progression and severity.
Integrating child rights standards in contraceptive and abortion care for minors in Africa
Authors: Kangaude Godfrey Dalitso , Macleod Catriona , Coast Ernestina , Fetters Tamara
Published: October 2022

Minor girls in Africa face challenges in accessing high‐quality contraceptive and abortion services because laws and policies are not child‐friendly. Many countries maintain restrictive laws, policies, or hospital practices that make it difficult for minors to access contraception and safe abortion even when the pregnancy would risk their life or health. Further, the clinical guidelines on contraceptive and abortion care are silent, vague, or ambiguous regarding minors' consent. African states should remedy the situation by ensuring that clinical guidelines integrate child rights principles and standards articulated in child rights treaties to enable health providers to facilitate full, unencumbered access to contraceptive and abortion care for minor girls. A sample of clinical guidelines is analyzed to demonstrate the importance of explicit, consistent, and unambiguous language about children's consent to ensure that healthcare workers provide sexual and reproductive health care in a manner that respects child rights.
The impact of e‐commerce city pilot on the spatial agglomeration of high‐end service industry in China
Authors: Pan Xuwen , Zhou Cai
Published: October 2022

We employ the data of 290 cities in China from 2006 to 2019 as a research sample and use the Multi‐period DID method to test the policy shock of National E‐commerce Demonstration Cities (NEDC) pilots on high‐end service industry agglomeration. We find that after becoming pilot cities, the specialized agglomeration level of its high‐end service industry increases by about 14.1% on average, and the diversified agglomeration level decreases by about 2.7% on average. And NEDC policy can affect the spatial agglomeration of high‐end service industry through three channels: Enhancing the inclusiveness of digital finance, improving the degree of market competition, and promoting regional innovation ability. Moreover, NEDC policy has the characteristics of spatial heterogeneity. NEDC policy has a significant spillover effect on the specialized agglomeration of high‐end service industry in the first‐tier cities, while the second‐tier cities show the characteristics of diversification dispersion. In addition, NEDC policy has a more obvious impact on the agglomeration effect of high‐end service industry under the radiation and driving effect of megalopolis.
The longitudinal associations between perceived maternal parenting practices, mother–adolescent relationship quality, and friendship quality
Authors: Xiang Shiyuan , Liu Yan , Sun Xiaoying
Published: October 2022

Introduction

As adolescents begin to expand their social networks beyond their family, they turn increasingly to their peers for support. Parenting practices present in the parent–child dyad are likely to extend to peer dyads. However, when considering the process involved in the transmission from parenting practices to friendships, the mediating role of parent–child relationships remains unclear. The current study explored the mediating effect of mother–adolescent relationship quality in the association between perceived maternal parenting practices (i.e., autonomy support and psychological control) and friendship quality using a three‐wave longitudinal design, and also examined whether adolescents' gender moderates these associations.

Methods

A sample of 344 Chinese adolescents (12.01 to 15‐year‐old at Wave 1, M = 13.08, SD = 0.39; 153 boys and 191 girls) filled out questionnaires on perceived maternal parenting practices, mother–adolescent relationship quality, and friendship quality, separately in three waves.

Results

Perceived maternal autonomy support was associated with positive friendship quality through positive mother–adolescent relationship quality. However, perceived maternal psychological control was not associated with negative friendship quality. Moreover, marginal gender differences were only found in the associations between autonomy support and positive mother–adolescent relationship quality.

Conclusions

These findings demonstrate the spillover effects existed only between autonomy support and positive friendship quality, and highlight the importance of positive mother–adolescent relationship quality when promoting positive friendship quality.