bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effects of Strain Rate on the Cutting of Duplex Stainless Steel S32760
Authors: Yang Lin , Zou Jiaxu , Zheng Minli , Zhang Heqing
Published: March 2022

Background:

The essence of the plastic deformation of the material to be processed during
the cutting process is the movement of dislocations. By increasing the density of dislocations, the material’s
flow stress inevitably increases by raising the strain rate.

Objectives:

The three regions are divided quantitatively as thermal activation stage (101-3×103), nonthermal
stage (10-3-101), and dislocation damping stage (above 3×103). Analyzing the chip metallographic
diagram of the cutting process, it is believed that the strain rate effect is caused by two reasons.

Methods:

The three areas are based on the speed of growth and the control mechanism, presenting a
more detailed and vivid explanation of these three areas. Using Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB), the
strain rate effect of duplex stainless steel S32760 is studied.

Results:

The greater austenite deformation is caused by the austenite deformation in S32760 compared
to the ferrite softening effect and the insufficient softening effect in the plastic deformation of the material.

Conclusion:

The grain refinement is caused by the adiabatic shear zone from the deformation zone to
the transition zone, making it difficult for dislocations to start slipping and increasing the flow stress.
Attributive Clause in Georgian Language
Authors: Pilashvili Elene
Published: March 2022

The given article discusses a complex sentence with an attributive clause in Guram Dochanashvili’s novel “The First Garment”. The attributive clause gives a broad explanation about an antecedent in the main clause and a complemetizer that is related to it. Relative pronoun in the attributive clause agrees with the word (antecedent) in number and is declined according to a predicate in the subordinate clause. Attributive clause is related to a declinable word in main clause, such as noun, pronoun or infinitive. Position of subordinate clause is studied with its subordinators and complementizers in a complex sentence. In Guram Dochanashvili’s novel, main and subordinate clauses are related to each other by: 1. subordinators: rom [that], titkos [as if; as though]; 2. relative pronouns: vinc [who], rac [ that], romelic [ which], rogoric [ how], ranairic [ what kind/type]; ramdenic [how many];  3. relative adverbs: sadac [where], saidanac [from where] and is, igi [he/she/it], iseti [such s] are used as correlatives. Complementizers – rom [that] (from relative pronouns), romelic [which/that/who] (from relative pronoun) and sadac [where] (from relative adverbs) are frequently used to join main and subordinate clauses together. There are no writing deviations within this construction in the novel.
Clinical Significance and Update of Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome
Authors: Park Jung A , Park Jae Han
Published: March 2022

Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS) is a cerebrovascular autonomic dysfunction that is common in young women. POTS can cause dizziness due to orthostatic intolerance. In patients with orthostatic intolerance, it can be diagnosed when the heart rate increases by more than 30 beats per minute within 10 minutes of standing up through the head-up tilt test. However, even a neuro-otologist has difficulty in diagnosing POTS due to the high possibility of misdiagnosis if not paying attention. In this paper, the clinical symptoms, pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment of POTS are investigated. In addition, the latest knowledge of POTS is searched to help diagnose and treat POTS.
Aanpassingen van trekvogels aan een snel veranderende wereld
Authors: van Gils Jan A.
Published: March 2022

Oratie uitgesproken door Prof.dr. Jan A. van Gils op 21 september 2021 bij de aanvaarding van het ambt van bijzonder hoogleraar Global Change Ecology of Migrant Shorebirds aan Faculty of Science and Engineering Rijksuniversiteit Groningen Verkleining, vervorming, verplaatsing, vervrouwelijking en vermindering: wat klimaatverandering allemaal doet bij de Kanoet! Er is iets opmerkelijks gaande bij de kanoet, een gedrongen trekvogel die jaarlijks pendelt tussen pool en evenaar. Door de opwarming van de aarde komen er steeds minder kanoetenmannetjes. Op elke man die rondvliegt zijn er momenteel drie kanoetendames! Een probleem voor een monogame soort als de kanoet. En dat is niet het enige probleem voor deze vogel. De aarde warmt op en trekvogels zijn steeds vaker slachtoffer van deze ecologische ramp. Dit komt voor een groot deel doordat hun noordelijke broedgebieden sneller opwarmen dan hun zuidelijke overwinteringsgebieden. Reisschema’s gaan uit de pas lopen en het kroost komt vaak te laat uit het ei. Een extreem geval is de kanoet, welke broedt in het noordpoolgebied en, via onze eigen Waddenzee, afreist naar zijn winteroord in West-Afrika. Omdat zijn arctische broedgebied drie keer sneller opwarmt dan de rest van de Aarde fungeert de Kanoet als de ideale kanarie in de kolenmijn: effecten van klimaatverandering zijn het eerst zichtbaar bij deze vogel en vormen een voorbode voor wat andere diersoorten te wachten staat. En effecten zijn er! Ten eerste krimpt het kanoetenlijf. En wel met 20% over de afgelopen dertig jaar, een zeer waarschijnlijk gevolg van minder voedsel tijdens de kuikenfase. Hierop volgt een tweede effect: in West-Afrika zijn alleen die vogels wiens snavel het minst gekrompen is in staat de diep-ingegraven schelpdieren te vinden. Wat overblijft zijn gekrompen kanoeten met relatief lange snavels (zgn. ‘Pinokkio-vogels’). Ten derde: waar veel soorten noordelijker zijn gaan broeden, broedde de kanoet al op het ‘dak van de wereld’. De enige strohalm waar ze zich nog aan vast lijken te klampen is een verplaatsing naar de hoger gelegen delen van hun Siberische broedgebied. Echter, inmiddels zijn de toppen van de heuvels bereikt en is verdere verplaatsing onmogelijk. Tot slot neemt het aandeel mannen in de populatie snel af, momenteel tot een verhouding van één man op drie vrouwen. Een gevolg van hogere sterfte onder de mannen in West-Afrika, maar ook een afnemend aandeel mannetjes dat uit het ei komt. De kanoet is monogaam met alle gevolgen van dien. Het laatste effect laat zich dan ook gemakkelijk raden: vermindering. De kanoetenpopulatie is de afgelopen veertig jaar met 70% afgenomen. Het idee van de kanarie in de kolenmijn is te handelen wanneer Pietje het loodje legt. Het is dan ook vijf voor twaalf.
Development of a quizmaker ispring approach assessment instrument to measure understanding of student concepts
Authors: Mayuri Desfion , Aswirna Prima , Hurriyah Hurriyah
Published: March 2022

The purpose of this study is to produce a valid, practical and effective Ispring Quizmaker Application Assisted Instrument. The development model of the assessment instrument used is the Plomp model which includes three stages of development, namely: preliminary research (preliminary research), the development phase or prototype (development of prototypephase), and the assessment phase (Assessment phase). The results of the study have produced a valid, practical and effective Ispring Quizmaker application-assisted assessment instrument. The instrument is valid both in terms of material, construction, media and language with an average value of 78.76% with a very valid category. The practicality of the media has an average value of 92.06% with a very practical category, while for the effectiveness of understanding physics concepts based on questions per item of indicators understanding the concept of 65, 11% with the effective category.
Fostering Students’ Critical Thinking Skill in Chemistry through Science, Technology, Society, Environment (STSE) Collaborative Learning
Authors: Priyambodo Erfan , Primastuti Metridewi , FItriyana Nur , Randhanugraha Hermas
Published: March 2022

Learning activities always develop following the needs of the times. Some skills, such as critical thinking, need to be possessed by 21st-century individuals. This study aims to analyze critical thinking skills of students who learn collaboratively based on the Science, Technology, Society, and Environment (STSE) learning approach. A posttest nonequivalent control group design was adopted in this research. Through cluster random sampling, 68 students at one public senior high school in Sleman Yogyakarta, participated as a research sample, which divided into 2 classes. Students in experimental class (N=35) has been learn about electrolyte nonelectrolyte topic through collaborative learning based STSE approach. While, the other students in the control class (N=34), taught by student center learning. In the fifth meetings, students’ critical thinking skill was measured as a research data through an essay questions instruments that has been empirically validated. Afterwards, research data were analyzed using independent sample t-test. Moreover, the p-value shown in the analysis results was 0.009. This result is sufficient to indicate that at the 95% confidence level there is a significant difference in students' critical thinking skill between the experimental class and the control class. The partial eta squared value shows that STSE learning approach has an effect to fostering students’ critical thinking in learning chemistry, in this research there was 9.8% effect that can be highlighted.
KONTRIBUSI MINAT BELAJAR DAN DISIPLIN BELAJAR TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR PDTO PESERTA DIDIK KELAS X TKRO SMK MUHAMMADIYAH PRAMBANAN
Authors: Hidayad Arif Arif
Published: March 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan guna mengetahui: 1) kontribusi minat belajar terhadap hasil belajar; 2) kontribusi disiplin belajar terhadap hasil belajar; 3) kontribusi minat belajar dan disiplin belajar terhadap hasil belajar. Jenis penelitian ini yakni penelitian ex-post facto menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif. Populasi penelitian ini yakni seluruh peserta didik kelas X TKRO SMK Muhammadiyah Prambanan yang berjumlah 67 orang. Penelitian ini yakni penelitian populasi. Metode pengumpulan data yang dipakai yakni angket serta dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data yang dipakai: 1) Uji prasyarat analisis; 2) analisis deskriptif dan regresi ganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan:  1) Terdapat kontribusi minat belajar terhadap hasil belajar PDTO peserta didik dengan nilai kontribusi minat belajar sebesar 31,13%; 2) Terdapat kontribusi disiplin belajar terhadap hasil belajar PDTO peserta didik dengan nilai kontribusi disiplin belajar sebesar 23,77%; 3) Terdapat kontribusi minat belajar dan disiplin belajar terhadap hasil belajar PDTO peserta didik dengan nilai kontribusi sebesar 54,9%.Kata kunci: Minat Belajar, Disiplin Belajar, Hasil Belajar.
Living in an Age of Longevity: Enduring Insights and Perspectives for Embarking on a Quest for Health and Well-Being in Later Life
Authors:   Institute of Health & Sport-Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia, Seedsman Terence
Published: March 2022

While increases in life expectancy along with extended longevity can be seen as a success story, there remains the central issue surrounding the health and quality of life for increasing numbers of older people. As populations live longer the idea that older people should be empowered to remain active and productive citizens will be paramount. Questions concerning the meaningfulness, purpose and desirability of living longer present an existential challenge for all and sundry. It is clear, that the speed of population aging has made many existing policies, support services and social structures obsolete and thereby societies worldwide will need to face the profound challenges of rethinking aging and old age in wholly different ways. The need to combat ageism including a re-conceptualization of successful aging is seen to be a critical undertaking to promote healthy and productive aging. In particular, understanding the lived experiences of older people warrants deeper focus surrounding the complex interconnections between agency, social structures and quality of life. Insights and perspectives on human finitude, resilient aging, and self-care are offered for the purpose of highlighting their prospective associations with health outcomes in later life. Human longevity presents new realities demanding serious collaborative conversations on heterogeneity, equity and social justice in the context of a rights-based approach to aging policy.
Humanizing Health and Social Care Support for People With Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities: Protocol for a Scoping Review
Authors: Milne-Ives Madison , Shankar Rohit , Goodley Dan , Lamb Kirsten , Laugharne Richard , Harding Tracey , Meinert Edward
Published: March 2022

Background

Health care is shifting toward a more person-centered model; however, people with intellectual and developmental disabilities can still experience difficulties in accessing equitable health care. Given these difficulties, it is important to consider how humanizing principles, such as empathy and respect, can be best incorporated into health and social care practices for people with intellectual and developmental disabilities to ensure that they are receiving equitable treatment and support.

Objective

The purpose of our scoping review is to provide an overview of the current research landscape and knowledge gaps regarding the development and implementation of interventions based on humanizing principles that aim to improve health and social care practices for people with intellectual and developmental disabilities.

Methods

The PRISMA-ScR (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews) and PICOS (Population, Intervention, Comparator, Outcome, and Study) frameworks will be used to structure the review. A total of 6 databases (PubMed, MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and Web of Science) will be searched for English articles published in the previous 10 years that describe or evaluate health and social care practice interventions underpinned by the humanizing principles of empathy, compassion, dignity, and respect. Two reviewers will screen and select references based on the eligibility criteria and extract the data into a predetermined form. A descriptive analysis will be conducted to summarize the results and provide an overview of interventions in the following three main care areas: health care, social care, and informal social support.

Results

The results will be included in the scoping review, which is expected to begin in October 2022 and be completed and submitted for publication by January 2023.

Conclusions

Our scoping review will summarize the state of the field of interventions that are using humanizing principles to improve health and social care for adults with intellectual and developmental disabilities.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

PRR1-10.2196/31720
Using Social Media to Facilitate Communication About Women’s Testing: Tool Validation Study
Authors: Coffin Tara , Bowen Deborah , Lu Karen , Swisher Elizabeth M , Rayes Nadine , Norquist Barbara , Blank Stephanie V , Levine Douglas A , Bakkum-Gamez Jamie Nadine , Fleming Gini F , I Olopade Olufunmilayo , Romero Iris , D'Andrea Alan , Nebgen Denise R , Peterson Christine , Munsell Mark F , Gavin Kathleen , Crase Jamie , Polinsky Deborah , Lechner Rebecca
Published: March 2022

Background

Strong participant recruitment practices are critical to public health research but are difficult to achieve. Traditional recruitment practices are often time consuming, costly, and fail to adequately target difficult-to-reach populations. Social media platforms such as Facebook are well-positioned to address this area of need, enabling researchers to leverage existing social networks and deliver targeted information. The MAGENTA (Making Genetic Testing Accessible) study aimed to improve the availability of genetic testing for hereditary cancer susceptibility in at-risk individuals through the use of a web-based communication system along with social media advertisements to improve reach.

Objective

This paper is aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of Facebook as an outreach tool for targeting women aged ≥30 years for recruitment in the MAGENTA study.

Methods

We designed and implemented paid and unpaid social media posts with ongoing assessment as a primary means of research participant recruitment in collaboration with patient advocates. Facebook analytics were used to assess the effectiveness of paid and unpaid outreach efforts.

Results

Over the course of the reported recruitment period, Facebook materials had a reach of 407,769 people and 57,248 (14.04%) instances of engagement, indicating that approximately 14.04% of people who saw information about the study on Facebook engaged with the content. Paid advertisements had a total reach of 373,682. Among those reached, just <15% (54,117/373,682, 14.48%) engaged with the page content. Unpaid posts published on the MAGENTA Facebook page resulted in a total of 34,087 reach and 3131 instances of engagement, indicating that around 9.19% (3131/34,087) of people who saw unpaid posts engaged. Women aged ≥65 years reported the best response rate, with approximately 43.95% (15,124/34,410) of reaches translating to engagement. Among the participants who completed the eligibility questionnaire, 27.44% (3837/13,983) had heard about the study through social media or another webpage.

Conclusions

Facebook is a useful way of enhancing clinical trial recruitment of women aged ≥30 years who have a potentially increased risk for ovarian cancer by promoting news stories over social media, collaborating with patient advocacy groups, and running paid and unpaid campaigns.

Trial Registration

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02993068; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02993068
Studi Potensi Interaksi Obat pada Resep Polifarmasi di Dua Apotek Kota Bandung
Authors: Reyaan Irianti Bahana Maulida , Kuning Cempaka , Adnyana I Ketut
Published: March 2022

Polypharmacy prescription very commonly occurs on patient’s prescription in every health facilities. Polypharmacy may increase the risk of Drug-drug Interactions (DDI’s) which mostly causes harm impact in the patient’s therapy. Drug interactions considered clinically significant if it increases the toxicity or decreases the effectiveness of therapy. The objective of this study was to analyze the potential drug interactions in polypharmacy prescriptions in two pharmacy at Bandung city in general, based on the severity, and mechanism. This study was a non-experimental study that was carried out retrospectively by taken prescription data that received by two Pharmacies in Bandung City for the period of October- December 2018. Samples were obtained by purposive sampling technique and were analyzed by using Stockley’s Drug Interaction 9th Edition and database such as micromedexsolutions.com to determine the potential for drug interactions based on its severity and mechanism of interactions. A total of 1218 prescriptions were analyzed,  of which 896 prescription  (73.56%) were included in the inclusion criteria, and 569 prescription (63.50%) had potential drug-drug interactions. Based on the severity, majority of drug-drug interaction is moderate (85.60%), followed by minor interactions (9.28%), and major interactions (5.12%). Based on the mechanism, majority of drug-drug interactions is pharmacodynamic interactions (90.34%), and followed by pharmacokinetic interactions (9.66%). Based on the many of potential drug interactions, polypharmacy prescribing should be avoided and management of potential DDI’s should be performed.
Relationship between Dose and Retention of Methadon Maintenance Therapy to Drug Dependence Patients in Primary Health Care
Authors: Musnelina Lili , Pontoan Jenny , Prasetya Bagus Atmana
Published: March 2022

Methadon maintenance therapy is one of the substitution therapies needed as an approach to harm reduction or the reduction of the adverse effects of drug abuse. This study aims to fix the infinitive relationship doses with retention of drug dependence patients on methadon maintenance therapies program (PTRM) in Kramat Jati Primary Health Care in 2009-2018. A cross-sectional study is conducted using secondary data from medical records subsequently significance analysis. This research involves 136 patients who were included in the inclusion criteria. Results shown mean initial doses received is 27,65 mg (10-40 mg), after 2 weeks of therapy mean doses received are 51,6 mg (range 22,5 – 85 mg). Average lowest and highest maintenance dose which received is 30,9 mg (range 0,25-115 mg) dan 84,39 mg (range 7,77-126,92 mg). This research shows the retention value 1 year or more reaches 64,71%. Maintenance doses 2 weeks (P=0,005), lowest maintenance doses (P=0,000), average maintenance doses (P=0,004), and history misses doses (P=0,000) have significance with retention. The conclusion that the more optimal maintenance doses received, even more in methadone maintenance therapies. Otherwise, lower missed doses frequency better to patients retention in methadon maintenance therapies.
Kontrol Glikemik dan Profil Serum Kreatinin Pada Pasien DM Tipe 2 Dengan Gagal Ginjal Kronik
Authors: Oktaviani Emy
Published: March 2022

Diabetes mellitus adalah kelainan metabolik yang ditandai dengan hiperglikemia yang jumlahnya terus meningkat sehingga meningkatkan jumlah pengunaan obat antidiabetik dan berisiko menimbulkan efek samping obat terutama pada fungsi ginjal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pola penggunaan antidiabetik dan hubungannya dengan kontrol glikemik dan serum kreatinin, serta hubungan kontrol glikemik dengan serum kreatinin pada pasien DM tipe 2 dengan gagal ginjal kronik rawat jalan. Rancangan penelitian ini adalah cross sectional secara retrospektif menggunakan data rekam medik pasien. Kontrol glikemik dilihat dari gula darah puasa (GDP) dan gula darah 2 jam post prandial (GD2JPP). Hasil analisis statistik menunjukkan bahwa dari 83 data rekam medik yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi mengindikasikan bahwa tidak terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara pola pengunaan antidiabetik oral dengan GDP (p-value=0,546), namun menunjukkan hubungan yang signifikan antara pola pengunaan antidiabetik oral dengan GD2JPP (p-value=0,008) dan serum kreatinin (p-value=0,000). Hasil penelitian juga menunjukan terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara GD2JPP dengan serum kreatinin (p-value=0,009).Kata Kunci: Diabetes, Kontrol Glikemik, Serum Kreatinin
Pengaruh Komorbid dan Jenis Terapi terhadap Outcome Kolesterol Total Pasien Dislipidemia
Authors: Apriliany Fitri , Ikawati Zullies , Pramantara I Dewa Putu
Published: March 2022

Dislipidemia is one of the main risk factors of cardiovascular diseases that contributed more than 25% of death in this world. Hypertension and DM are associated with comorbidity in chronic disease, include of dislipidemia. This study aimed to determine the effect of comorbid and type of therapy on clinical outcomes in the outpatient installation at Puskesmas Jetis, Yogyakarta. This research is descriptive observational analytic with a cross-sectional. Data derived from primary data and secondary data. The inclusion criteria were patients dyslipidemia, received antidyslipidemia at least 3 months before the study, completed medical record, willing to able respondents, and can communicate well. Those who were pregnant or breastfeeding were excluded from the study. Data analysis used the Wilcoxon test. Most of respondents were majority dominated by women (86,14%), hypertension is the most comorbid (42,46%), most of patients used simvastatin (76,24%), gemfibrozil (16,83%), and combination of simvastatin+gemfibrozil (6,93%). The analysis showed that there was a significant effect on patients with comorbid diabetes and used simvastatin value before and after therapy for 3 months (p<0,05). This result showed that there was an effect of diabetes comorbidities and simvastatin therapy on the total cholesterol of patients, So this study implies that in providing statin therapy need to consider comorbid because they will affect to total cholesterol which one comorbid management that good need to achieve optimal therapeutic and type of therapy must be correct to improve outcome.
Analisis Mutu Pengelolaan Obat di Puskesmas Kota Tegal
Authors: Cholilah Cholilah , Wijayanti Tri , Satibi Satibi
Published: March 2022

Primary health centers is a facility that organizes health efforts at the first level to achieve health degrees, but in its implementation is still constrained in realizing standard pharmaceutical services. The purpose of the research is to find out the quality of drug management in Tegal City primary Health Center. This study is a non-experimental descriptive study. The study was conducted throughout the primary health center in Tegal City. Data collection is prospective and retrospective by tracing documents to obtain secondary data and direct observations, interviews of pharmaceutical personnel, heads of primary health centers, and heads of the pharmaceutical section to obtain primary data. The next drug management indicator is done descriptive data analysis by calculating the value of the indicator with the formula then compared to the standard and inter primary health care. Indicators of drug management used 28 and those that meet standard 10. Indicator results include conformity of items with disease patterns 76.39%, planning accuracy 321.10%, the accuracy of the number of requests 169.84%, the storage of narcotics 72.92%, the storage of drugs without contamination 98.97%, the storage of high alert drugs 68.15%, the storage of LASA drugs 87.5%, ITOR 1.87 times /year, the availability of drugs 36.08 months, drug items less than 14.01%, safe drug items 37.94%, excess stock items 41.76%, non-prescribed drugs 4.59% and drug value ED 3.85%. These results show that drug management indicators in Tegal City primary health centers have not been efficient and need improvements ranging from the planning stage to control. Indicators that still need improvement include ITOR and all indicators of drug availability. Things that need to be done to improve indicators that have not been efficient include increasing the number and quality of pharmaceutical human resources in primary health centers, increasing supervision of drug use and control, building communication, and a good organizing culture in primary health centers.
Radical Scavenging Activity and Acute Toxicity of Bitter Melon (Momordica Charantia L.) Seed Oil
Authors: Winarti Lina , Kumalasari Lusia Oktora Ruma , Ulfa Evi Umayah
Published: March 2022

Bitter Gourd or bitter melon (Momordica Charantia L.) is a common type of vegetable and safe for daily consumption. The seeds are part of bitter gourd that useless. Research on bitter melon seed oil has promising commercial applications. This study aims to determine the antioxidant potential and safety of bitter melon seed oil through acute toxicity study. The content of phenols, flavonoids, and antioxidant activity was analyzed. The antioxidant activity was evaluated using the DPPH method. Antioxidant activity is expressed as an IC-50 value. The results showed that the phenol content of bitter melon seed oil was 0.0118 ±0.0006%, the flavonoid content was 0.0127±0.0004%. From the antioxidant activity study, the IC-50 of vitamin C was 2.41 μg / ml, while an IC-50 of bitter melon seed oil was 11.31 ± 0.77 mg/ml. The results of this antioxidant activity study showed very weak activity. The results of the acute-toxicity study show LD-50 cannot be determined precisely because up to the highest dose of 100 ml/kg does not cause death even though it causes toxic symptoms such as diarrhea. Overall, test results indicate that bitter melon seed oil is a compound that is categorized as practically non-toxic with low antioxidant activity.
Cytotoxicity and Antiobesity Activity of Freeze-Dried Malus domestica, Canarium sp. and Averrhoa bilimbi Fruit
Authors: Utami Sri , Endrini Susi , Nafik Said , Arumwardana Seila , Rizal Rizal , Artie Dwi Surya , Yusepany Dewani Tediana , Kusuma Hanna Sari Widya , Widowati Wahyu
Published: March 2022

Obesity has a role in the development of diseases such as diabetes, cardiovascular disease and hyperlipidemia which is characterized by the increase of adipose tissue mass due to an imbalance of energy intake and expenditure. Freeze-dried fruits are well known to possess antiobesity activity. In this study, we have evaluated the antiobesity activity of freeze-dried fruit (M. domestica, Canarium sp., and A. bilimbi) using CHOL, G6PDH, TG level, and Oil Red O assay. The viability of 3T3-L1 cell in the Canarium sp. freeze-dried in the concentration of 12.50 µg/ml has a higher value compared to M. domestica and A. bilimbi. The measurements of CHOL, G6PDH, TG level, and Oil Red O assay of the M. domestica freeze-dried in the concentration of 75 μg/ml has higher inhibitory activity compared to the Canarium sp. and A. bilimbi freeze-dried. In the CHOL assay, M. domestica freeze-dried has a higher value compared to A. bilimbi and Canarium sp. In the G6PDH assay, the freeze-dried of M. domestica has the value of 49.56%, Canarium sp. (45.22%), and A. bilimbi (47.13%), while in the Oil Red O assay, M. domestica has inhibition activity of 62.63%, A. bilimbi 50.01% and Canarium sp. 44.13%. The level of TG showed that M. domestica has higher activity with the value of 60.61%, A. bilimbi 57.54%, while Canarium sp. 55.03%. The freeze-dried of M. domestica in the concentration of 75 μg/ml has good inhibitory activity of lipid compared to A. bilimbi and Canarium sp.
The Antioxidant Capacity of Peristrophe Bivalvis (L.) Merr. as Natural-Based Nephroprotection
Authors: Adrianta Ketut Agus , Satriyasa Bagus Komang , Wihandani Desak Made , Jawi I Made
Published: March 2022

The kidneys as one of the important body organs have a very important role in maintaining a healthy body. The kidneys function to regulate fluid balance in the body the concentration of salt in the blood, acid-base balance in the blood, and excretion of waste materials such as urea and other nitrogenous waste in the blood. Magenta plants (Peristrophe bivalvis (L.) Merr.) contain secondary metabolites, namely alkaloids, saponins, triterpenoids, tannins, and flavonoids as antioxidants. The abundance of antioxidants sourced from natural sources for various diseases is often used as a complementary therapy and is one of the current therapeutic choices. However, the development of natural sources must also consider kidney function during an intervention. The incidence of kidney failure can be caused either by the occurrence of oxidative stress or exposure to drugs and other chemical compounds must also consider the physiological functions of important organs in the body such as the liver and kidneys. This study was conducted to determine the protective role of magenta leaves extract (Peristrophe bivalvis (L.) Merr.) on the kidneys after being given an acetaminophen hepatotoxic dose. In this study, the effectiveness of magenta leaves antioxidants and the safety of use was analyzed by looking at the kidney function in the experimental model of Wistar strain male white rats, using a Randomized Post Test Only Control Group Design. Four treatment groups showed that magenta leaves extract (Peristrophe bivalvis (L.) Merr.) at 125 and 250 mg/kg BW can protect the kidneys with average creatinine levels of 0.63 and 0.75 and with a normal range (0.7 - 1.2). It means that these two groups could protect the kidney function although in the histopathology test only the group administering extracts of 250 mg/Kg BW showed good results. It can be concluded that administration of the magenta leaves extracts at 250 mg/kg BW can protect renal function as seen from serum creatinine levels. Besides, histopathological features can provide a protective effect on the kidneys with the incidence of necrosis in the kidneys of less than 60% of the toxic dose of acetaminophen.
In Vivo Antihypercholesterolemic Potential of Uncaria cordata (Lour.) Merr as Ethanolic Extract
Authors: Djohari Meiriza , Febrina Mira , Wahyuni Tri
Published: March 2022

The present investigation aims to evaluate the antihypercholesterolemic potential of Uncaria cordata (Lour.) Merr. as an ethanolic extract in diet-induced hypercholesterolemic male white mice model. In this study, white mice were segregated into 6 groups; all the groups except the normal control group were given a high-fat diet to induce hypercholesterolemia. After induction of cholesterolemia, normal and negative control groups were treated with NaCMC, the positive control group was treated with atorvastatin, and the remaining three groups received ethanolic extract Uncaria cordata (Lour.) Merr. in three doses (100, 200, and 400 mg/Kg BW) for a treatment period of 29 days. Measurement of cholesterol levels was performed on days 0, 15, 22, and 29 using EasyTouch® GCU digital devices. The results were analyzed by one way ANOVA test and ANOVA Repeated test. The results showed that the ethanol extract of the Uncaria cordata (Lour.) Merr. root plant dose 100, 200, and 400 mg/Kg BW effect in lowering total cholesterol in male white mice significantly (P <0,05). Ethanol extract from Uncaria cordata (Lour.) Merr. a dose of 200 mg/Kg BW showed a better decrease in cholesterol levels on day 29 compared to day 22.
Effect of AGE and Gamma-mangostin on Luteinizing Hormone Receptor (LHR) Levels in Leydig Cell Culture of Male Aging Rats: Preliminary Study
Authors: Rizal Dicky Moch , Ash Shidiqi Muhammad Herdhana , Rustamaji Rustamaji
Published: March 2022

Advanced Glycation End Products (AGE) are proteins that can cause cell destruction by increasing oxidative stress and inflammation. This product resulted from a series of chemical reactions after an initial glycation reaction. A Leydig cell is one of the types of cells affected by AGE. This cell is located in the interstitial of the testes and stimulated by the luteinizing hormone. This study aimed to compare the luteinizing hormone receptor levels in Leydig cell culture of Sprague-Dawley rat induced by AGE only and the one that administered gamma-mangosteen. We conducted an experimental laboratory study on luteinizing hormone receptor levels in Leydig cell culture of Sprague-Dawley rats induced by advanced glycation end products 200 μg/mL and given gamma-mangostin 5 μM compared to the one that was not given gamma-mangostin. The highest mean of LHR level was in group 3 given gamma-mangostin 5 μM (8.06 pg/ cells/24h), and the lowest mean was in group 1 (control) (7.78 pg/ cells/24h). The LHR levels in the rats' Leydig cell culture given 5μM gamma-mangostin were higher than the other groups indicate the inhibition capacity on the oxidation process caused by AGE in aging rats Leydig cells culture.
Chronic Kidney Disease from Polyvinylpyrrolidone Deposition in Persons with Intravenous Drug Use
Authors: Stalund Ida V. , Grønseth Heidi , Reinholt Finn P. , Svarstad Einar , Marti Hans-Peter , Leh Sabine
Published: March 2022

Background and objectives

Persons with intravenous drug use have a higher risk of developing CKD compared with the general population. In Norway, deposits of polyvinylpyrrolidone have been observed in kidney biopsies taken from persons with opioid addiction and intravenous drug use since 2009. Polyvinylpyrrolidone is an excipient commonly used in pharmaceuticals, and the polyvinylpyrrolidone deposits observed in these patients were caused by intravenous injection of a specific oral methadone syrup containing very high molecular weight polyvinylpyrrolidone. Here, we present the clinicopathologic findings from 28 patients with CKD associated with polyvinylpyrrolidone deposition in the kidney.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements

The 28 patients and their kidney biopsies were included when polyvinylpyrrolidone deposition was recognized, either retrospectively or at the time of diagnostic evaluation. Biopsies were taken between 2009 and 2016. We collected laboratory parameters and clinical data from digital patient charts. For each kidney biopsy, the glomerular volume, extent of polyvinylpyrrolidone deposition, and tubulointerstitial area with tubular atrophy were assessed quantitatively.

Results

All patients (mean age: 37 years) had CKD (mean eGFR: 33 ml/min per 1.73 m2) and normal urine protein or non-nephrotic–range proteinuria. Biopsies showed moderate to severe tubular atrophy (mean extent: 65%) and interstitial infiltrates of vacuolated macrophages containing polyvinylpyrrolidone (mean share of biopsy area: 1.5%). Underperfused and ischemic glomeruli were common findings. In 22 samples, ultrastructural investigation revealed polyvinylpyrrolidone-containing vacuoles in the mesangial or endothelial cells of glomeruli. At the last follow-up, most patients had stable or improved eGFR. Two patients had developed kidney failure and underwent hemodialysis.

Conclusions

Intravenous injection of a specific oral methadone syrup caused polyvinylpyrrolidone deposition in the kidney in persons with opioid addiction and intravenous drug use. Kidney biopsy findings suggested an association between polyvinylpyrrolidone deposition and tubular atrophy.
THE SOCIAL CONTEXT OF PEER VIOLENCE
Authors: Zdravković Danijela , Dimitrijević Tomić Milena , Stanojević Zoran
Published: March 2022

Violence is a serious social problem that exists both in developed and underdeveloped countries. As a society in transition, Serbia is unfortunately not an exception, and in the last thirty years, based on objective statistical data, Serbia leads in the region regarding the rise of this social phenomenon. The subject of this research is to identify the possibilities and limits of the emergence, spreading and suppression of various manifestations of violence in schools, as well as to use the collective awareness of peer-to-peer relationships, that is, to ask students about their views on whether peer violence problem exists and what their active role in addressing it is. The goal of this research is not to identify wide-ranging effects of peer violence on society, but to promote the need to recognize peer violence as an important trigger for future social problems, and in that regard, invite schools to prepare programs to prevent violence in schools through teaching and extracurricular activities, where students would have subject positions. Based on the research results obtained, we can see that peer violence significantly affects school atmosphere and has an impact on the overall personality development of students who attend the final grade of the eight-year city school. It has been proven that a large number of surveyed students do not report violence because of fear, prejudice, conformism; however, students talk about it to their parents and teachers in private, seeking help and support. We conclude that students are not sufficiently empowered and encouraged to actively grow up in the school environment, which opens up new research questions on the ways, dynamics and readiness of the society to increase the number of preventative activities in schools.
SPEECH OF PRESCHOOL CHILDREN AND ELEMENTARY SCHOOL STUDENTS FROM VRANJE FROM THE STANDPOINT OF URBAN DIALECTOLOGY
Authors: Stanković Dragana
Published: March 2022

This paper analyzes speech of children from Vranje, of preschool and school age, by the principles of urban dialectology. Primarily, a frequency of using of dialectical forms of certain language features was determined, by calculating the frequency index (FI), and afterwards was established in which extent was the frequency conditioned by non-linguistic factors – age, gender, education level of both parents, place of living, attending of kindergarten / school. The sample consisted of 40 examinees, preschool and primary school children, of both genders, with different levels of education of parents and different places of living. Analyzed results have shown corruption of dialectical foundation of Prizren-South Morava dialect type in speech of young people from Vranje. All analyzed features have shown variability of form – alternately used in dialectical and standard-language form. First dialectical feature that underwent alteration was doubling of the pronoun object. Large consistency is shown by dialectical placing of accent as well as use of general case. The feature that is most difficult to change in children’s speech is a future tense će-structure. There is, although insignificant, influence of non-linguistic factors on the frequency of dialectical forms. Age is the only non-linguistic variable that does not have an impact to the way of speaking of children from Vranje – different age does not reduce the use of dialectical forms of analyzed language features. The largest influence on the speaking of the examinees has an education of parents, while gender the least.Conducted research provides an insight into speech and language of children, of their speaking habits, and shows which language characteristics are not difficult to be adopted and which are harder to be adopted, which can contribute to an improvement of Serbian language teaching course. Furthermore, it appears as a justified one and significant for further research in the field of urban dialectology.
SCHOOL AS A PREPARATION FOR LIFELONG LEARNING AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Stanković Zoran , Stanisavljević Petrović Zorica , Petrović Jelena
Published: March 2022

The paper analyses the relation of contemporary school with the concepts of lifelong learning and sustainable development. It also elaborates the fact that school itself undergoes numerous changes in order to adequately respond to the demands of modern society, some of with refer to developing tools that build students’ capacities for lifelong learning and education for sustainable development. The major changes are felt in the very base of its functioning, moving it from the traditional educational organization toward the learning organization, that adopts modern work models and bases process of learning on active involvement, knowledge transformation and partner relations between students and teachers. Such conceptual changes fully correspond to new educational needs of individuals longing to develop competences for lifelong learning. Consequently, the alignment of school changes with the necessity to prepare students for lifelong education and education for sustainable development makes the central idea of the text. Finally, changes in contemporary school, especially in the part of school learning, are found to support the development of the concept of lifelong learning and education for sustainable development.
APPLICATION OF INTEGRATIVE TEACHING IN PRIMARY SCHOOL TEACHING PRACTICE
Authors: Spasić Stošić Ana , Tasić Mitić Ivana
Published: March 2022

Integrative teaching today appears as one of the most effective ways to train future teachers studying in university education departments or higher vocational schools in the realization of the educational goals and tasks of the modern school. This paper deals with the issue of integrative teaching, its basic characteristics, organization and significance. Theory and practice point to the exceptional values and significant effects of this innovative teaching model. The paper contains the example of integrative day articulation in relation to the topic of Winter in the second grade of primary school, which can be used by teachers for both practical implementation and individual preparation of integrative classes.
ASSISTING THE STUDENTS MASTERING LITERARY TEXT COMPREHENSION THROUGH SCHEMATA
Authors: Susanto Joni , Hanggara Rosa Indah Chindy
Published: March 2022

Reading comprehension presents one of the ways of getting some information and the information that readers read differs one from another. Understanding different information is influenced by reader’s previous knowledge: the more previous knowledge readers have, the better they understand the text read. Considering that there are different texts genres, the texts within one genres are designed in a manner that each of them has their own writing style. As an assistance to memorize the facts related on the reading comprehension and to understand what is read, and when it is about all texts genres, the schemata technique is used. Some researchers states that in the readers’ memory there is predictable structure of knowledge which can be taken as a base that the readers, using these structures in reading, understand all texts genres easily. For improving students’ abilities to master the literature texts, especially the prose and poetic texts, the schemata technique is applied in this research. In the preliminary study, it is determined that the student’s achievements in mastering the prose texts were below the set criteria of the success, and that students were less motivated to learn, too. Students achieved an average of 70.20 points, while the criteria of the success set by the STIBA Academy were 75.00. After applying the schemata technique, students achieved an average of 85.85 points in the prose course and were more motivated to learn. In the preliminary study, in the poetry course, students achieved an average of 66.05 points, and the motivation to learn was low. After applying the schemata technique, students achieved an average of 84.15 points, and the motivation to learn increased. Based on the obtained results, it can be concluded that the application of the schemata technique affects the improvement of students' abilities to understand literary texts, especially prose and poetry, as well as their motivation to study these contents.
SPECIAL EDUCATION PRACTICES FOR CHILDREN WITH AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDERS IN EGYPT AND ENGLAND: A COMPARATIVE STUDY
Authors: Mounir Viola , Gobrial Ereny
Published: March 2022

This study aims to compare the development of special education practices for children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) in Egypt and England and gain an understanding of those factors that enhance or hinder special education in both countries. The study applies a comparative framework method. The findings provide a better understanding of special education practices and factors that enhanced or hindered the special education for ASD across the two countries. The findings reveal that special education practice in Egypt was hindered by low economic status, scarcity of cultural awareness, inadequate financial support, absence of education policy for ASD, and political orientation towards centralization. While, in England education policy, cultural awareness, economy, and scientific technology have been identified as important enhancing factors for special education. The study suggests some recommendations for developing special education for ASD in Egypt.
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF STUDENTS` ATTITUDES TOWARDS PHYSICAL EDUCATION AND THEIR ENGAGEMENT IN EXTRACURRICULAR PHYSICAL ACTIVITIES
Authors: Stojanović Nikola , Savić Zvezdan , Stojanović Darko , Stišović Jovana
Published: March 2022

The aim of this study was to answer to the basic question: Whether and to what extent the engagement of students in extracurricular sports activities has an impact on the general attitudes towards PE? The study included male (N = 150) and female (N = 152) students. According to the self-reported frequency of physical activity during the week, outside PE, respondents were divided into three independent groups: lightly physically active (1 – 2 times per week; N = 69), moderately physically active (3 – 4 times per week; N = 153), and very physically active (more than 5 times per week; N = 80). For the purposes of this research, PEAS was used, which consists of 43 items, followed by a five-point Likert-type scale (1-strongly disagree – 5-strongly agree). The results showed that there were statistically significant differences between three groups in attitudes towards PE, Satisfaction, Comfort, Activity, and Teacher χ2(2) = 19.89, 17.10, 20.22, 23.78, and 7.19, respectively. Furthermore, Cohen`s d was moderate for Attitudes towards PE, Satisfaction, Comfort, and Activity (.50, .46, .51, .56), and small for teacher (.26). The differences between lightly (1 – 2 times per week) and moderately (3 – 4 times per week), and lightly and very (more than 5 times per week) physically active groups were significant. In conclusion, we can state that the overall attitudes of the students included in this research are strongly positive. Furthermore, students who are more active in extracurricular sports activities had more positive attitudes towards physical education classes.