bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Why is Language Different in Autism?
Authors:   , Oldham Abigail , Vivanti Giacomo
Published: January 2022

The social gating theory presented by Kuhl (2007) predicts that domain general statistical learning skills and domain-specific social-emotional skills are critical to language development in typically developing children. Limited research has been done to test this theory in children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) due to methodological difficulties. Utilizing eye-tracking tasks designed to measure statistical learning, social interest, and emotional processing, this barrier was overcome. 73 Children with ASD, mean age 23.6 months (SD = 4.7) were presented three eye-tracking tasks, as well as standardized tests of cognitive and adaptive functioning, respectively, that included subscales measuring language. The statistical learning task included four trials of a waterfall with an object falling, the social interest task included photos containing both social and non-social scenes, and the emotional processing task included three conditions depicting different facial expressions. Associations between each of the tasks presented, including statistical learning, social interest, and emotional processing, as well as measures of expressive language were found to be significant in young children with ASD. These findings align with predictions from the social gating theory, showing this theory might be relevant to young children with ASD.
Novel workflow for driving a 3D face rig from a reference video using deepfakes
Authors:   , Sood Prnav , Mauriello David A.
Published: January 2022

There have been many advances in technology over the years when it comes to animation. We have seen the industry transition from 2D animations from the 40s like Mickey Mouse to 3D animations like Toy Story. However, one of the issues that the industry still hasn't been able to resolve is recreating and animating a human face in a 3D environment without falling into the "uncanny valley". With this research, I propose a novel way to animate a 3D face using the deepfake technology. I started by initially training the deepfake model using real life footage of my face. I then created a realistic 3D face and used motion tracking technique to animate the 3D face using motion capture (mocap) in Blender. Moving forward, the pre-trained deepfake algorithm was used to drive the animation of the 3D head, and finally I compared the mocap and the deepfake animations by conducting a survey. There were a few areas where one of the animations was perceived favourably over the other, however the overall perception of the animations was similar on the majority of the factors, which can be attributed to a few limitations mentioned in the paper.
Loyalty Programs
Authors:   , Li Chen , Swaminathan Srinivasan
Published: January 2022

Organizations employ loyalty programs to entice customers to repurchase their products and services. One popular promotional tool is the award of loyalty points. For this promotion to be effective, customers need to redeem these points. Currently, researchers opine that all customers tend to stockpile their points instead of redeeming them. In this dissertation, we extend the understanding of customers' point redemption behavior from the firm side, the customer side, and the competitor side. In the chapter titled "The Role of Marketing Channels in Consumers' Promotional Point Redemption Decisions," we investigate how firms can motivate the point redemption behavior in a two-stage decision framework. In the first stage, customers decide whether to redeem points in their transactions. In the second stage, customers consider how many points to redeem after choosing to redeem points in the first stage. In the first stage, we propose that customers are more likely to redeem points from the personal computer (PC) channel compared to the mobile channel due to the lower perceived risk in the PC channel. In the second stage, customers will redeem more points from the mobile channel compared to the PC and brick-and-mortar (B&M) channels due to the higher perceived convenience of the mobile channel. In the chapter titled "The Role of Customer-Firm Relationship in Loyalty Program's Effectiveness: A Point Redemption Perspective," we examine the connection between customers' relationship characteristics (i.e., length, depth, cross-category breadth, and within-category breadth) in a coalition loyalty program and their point redemption behavior. We find that the four relationship characteristics have different influences on point redemption behavior. The impact of relationship length on the point redemption probability is positive, while the effect of relationship depth is negative. Cross-category negatively affects the point redemption probability but does not affect the conditional number of points redeemed. Within-category breadth also negatively affects the redemption probability but positively impacts the conditional number of points redeemed. In the chapter titled "Interaction of Point Redemption and Cash Sales in Coalition Loyalty Program," we discuss the impact of the competing stores' sales within a coalition loyalty program on the focal store's cash sales and point redemption. We employ a dynamic model that accounts for store heterogeneity and state dependence in sales. Our findings imply that firms should encourage customers to cross-buy in the coalition loyalty program but discourage cross-redeem and that stores belonging to the same chain brand should coordinate with each other in sales promotions. Also, firms need to reward customers for their loyalty in redeeming points at the same store to minimize sales cannibalization among the partner stores.
O montado desmontado: uma paisagem acontecendo do nascer da Lua ao pôr do Sol
Authors: Portela Joana Abranches
Published: January 2022

This paper intends an approach to the “montado” landscape of Alentejo based on perceptions, attitudes and values ​​conveyed by literary representations. The aim is to articulate perspectives and experiences collected in literature with some theories of contemporary thought about nature and landscape. The “montado” cultural landscape is analysed from various points of view, in several literary excerpts of different authors, under different moments of the night/‌day cycle. What we propose in this article is, therefore, a journey through literary perceptions of the “montado” as a lived space, as a place experienced and presented by writers and poets, a walk happening in the landscape as an aesthetic experience. From an initial collection of dozens of literary excerpts that mention the landscape of “montado”, we selected some excerpts (from the 19th century to the 21st) of Portuguese authors with some biographical link to Alentejo. Among the excerpts in which it is possible a geo-reference to the Alentejo territory, we chose those in which it is referred, explicitly or implicitly, the moment in the night/day cycle.
Japanese cultural heritage travel and learning experience for Vietnam
Authors: Nguyen Thi Chau
Published: January 2022

Right from the decades of the early twentieth century, the Japanese Government has focused on preserving traditional cultural heritage. Currently, in Japan, there are hundreds of ancient and historic areas that have become famous cultural tourist spots. Japan has turned cultural heritage tourism into a brand of this country's tourism industry and has achieved many successes. The article outlines and analyzes Japan's cultural heritage tourism development status and policy and lessons for Vietnam.
Peningkatan Kompetensi Kewirausahaan Pada Masa Covid 19 Bagi Pengusaha Aisyiyah
Authors: Tholib Moch. , Mutamimah Mutamimah , Adibah Ida Zahara
Published: January 2022

The covid-19 pandemic has reduced the business income of Aisyiyah’s businesswomen. The purpose of this community service was to improve entrepreneurial competence, especially business financial management and assistance in making Business Registration Numbers and Micro Small Business Permits for Aisyiyah’s businesswomen during the covid-19. The program aimed to improve the entrepreneurial competence of Aisyiyah entrepreneurs during the Covid-19 pandemic. Implementation method: a) An initial study of the potential and business problems experienced by Aisyiyah’s businesswomen and discussing the topics needed. b) Implementation of entrepreneurial competency training, financial management for women entrepreneurs Aisyiyah, as well as assistance in making Business Registration Numbers and Micro Small Business Permits, c) Monitoring and evaluation. The results showed that the level of entrepreneurial competence increases, especially business financial management for Aisyiyah’s businesswomen. b). They are skilled in making financial reports, so they know the financial condition, weaknesses and strengths of the financial sector. c). Having good financial reports makes it easier for Aisyiyah’s businesswomen to get loans for business development. After being assisted in making Business Registration Numbers and Micro Small Business Permits, like business licenses and legality for the businesses of Aisyiyah’s businesswomen, they are more confident and more motivated in developing their business. The competence increase was shown by the high posttest score of 96.86% and much higher than the pre-test score, which only reached 0.083%. The implication was that these results could become input for the Aisyiyah Entrepreneurial School in improving the competence of Aisyiyah businesswomen and being able to develop the economy.
RESILIÊNCIA, PERCEPÇÃO TEMPORAL E AUTOEFICÁCIA: UM ESTUDO SOBRE AS DIFERENTES GERAÇÕES DE TRABALHADORES
Authors: Nunes Lereno da Costa , Gabriel Soares Leony Alexandre
Published: January 2022

Esta pesquisa objetivou investigar qual linha de pesquisa (conflito geracional ou adaptação geracional) é válida para uma seleção de trabalhadores formais de organizações públicas e/ou privadas, com acesso às redes sociais e a meios eletrônicos de comunicação. Neste estudo foi realizada uma regressão via Mínimos Quadrados Ordinários (MQO), com erros robustos. Verificou-se como os cinco fatores de percepção temporal (policronicidade, velocidade, pontualidade, profundidade temporal e arrastamento nas modalidades sincronia, liderança e condução) influenciam a impressão de autoeficácia de forma diferente a grupos de gerações de trabalhadores (Baby Boomers, X, Y e Z) em meio ao incremento da rapidez, da tecnologia e racionalização do tempo nas organizações. Os resultados indicaram que três fatores de percepção temporal (Policronia, Velocidade e Arrastamento), associados à impressão de autoeficácia, não apresentaram diferenças estatisticamente significante para trabalhadores formais pertencentes a diferentes gerações. A conclusão principal é que as gerações estão se adaptando às exigências tecnológicas impostas pelas organizações em busca da produtividade. Como contribuição teórica esta pesquisa apresenta uma linha de construção acadêmica pouco utilizada, quando constrói a ideia que as gerações, embora a literatura exponha as suas diferenças constatadas em resquícios pontuais de conflitos, tendam a adaptar-se às exigências do mercado de trabalho, construindo um novo perfil laboral. Tal ideia poderá fomentar novos estudos comparativos entre as gerações de trabalhadores atuantes no mercado de trabalho. ====================================DOI: 10.18226/23190639.v9n2.04 Lereno da Costa Nunes*, Fucape Business School, Brasil. E-mail:lereno@ifma.edu.br Leony Alexandre Gabriel Soares, Fucape Business School, Brasil. E[1]mail: leony_alexandre@hotmail.com Submetido: Abril 2020Aceito: Fevereiro 2021 *Contato para Correspondência
El movimiento musical expresivo en el aula de Psicomotricidad de Infantil: consideraciones del alumnado universitario
Authors: Martínez Bello Vladimir , Bernabé Villodre María del Mar
Published: January 2022

Esta experiencia ha pretendido mostrar la necesidad de trabajar el movimiento expresivo mediante herramientas musicales en Educación Infantil. La técnica-instrumento de investigación fue el relato escrito, desde los postulados de la Teoría Fundamentada. Se obtuvieron distintas categorías pre-post intervención, que permitieron mostrar ciertas mejorías en las percepciones del profesorado en formación ante la utilización y capacitación del movimiento expresivo, mediatizado por la música. Esta experiencia podría posibilitar una base de trabajo psicomotor musicalizado que trabaje Habilidades Motrices Básicas, al tiempo que la expresividad. El futuro profesorado, en aras de mejorar sus capacidades profesionales y personales, necesitaría una formación psicomotora musicalizada en la dirección aquí planteada. La visión global del movimiento musicalizado llevará al docente a plantear sesiones psicomotrices desde un enfoque global, más beneficioso para el alumnado.
History of the Russian Far East. Introduction
Authors: Kradin Nikolay
Published: January 2022

The Russian Far East occupies approximately 36 % of the country's territory. But only 5,6 % of the population lives here. This introduction summarizes general ideas of this special issue. It tells about the main stages and the most important events in the history of the Russian Far East from the Stone Age to the present day. These processes are considered on the general background of world history.
The Possibility for the Application of Chapter 29 of the Arbitration Procedure Code of the Russian Federation within the Framework of an Insolvency (Bankruptcy) Case
Authors:   Assistant Judge of the Commercial Court of the Krasnoyarsk Territory, Rodichev Dmitriy M.
Published: January 2022

There is analyzed the possibility of applying Chapter 29 of the Arbitration Procedure Code of the Russian Federation in a financial insolvency (bankruptcy) case.
Relevant Statistical Indicators on Review of Civil and Administrative Cases Expressed in Monetary Terms (Based on Some Official Statistic Data of 2016 to 2019, the First Six Months of 2020)
Authors:   Associate Professor of the Department of Civil Procedure Law of the North-Western Branch of the Russian State University of Justice, PhD (Law), Latysheva Natalya A.
Published: January 2022

The most popular indicators of civil proceedings in the courts of general jurisdiction are quantitative meters, which allow to analyze their number and categories. However, no less interest, from the point of view of the very essence of the civilistic process, is the construction of dynamic series reflecting the economic interests of its participants. Some general conclusions about the trends of the last three years can be realized in monetary equivalent.
Wpływ terenów poeksploatacyjnych na rozwój przestrzenny i zagospodarowanie miasta na przykładzie Łodzi
Authors: Kobojek Elżbieta
Published: January 2022

Wzrost liczby ludności i rozwój miast związany był z wykorzystaniem różnorodnych materiałów budowlanych. Rodzaj materiału zależał głównie od miejscowej bazy surowcowej, dlatego wiele wyrobisk powstało w najbliższym sąsiedztwie miasta. Rozwój przestrzenny miast spowodował z czasem włączanie w ich granice terenów poeksploatacyjnych. Obszary te miały duży wpływ także na kierunki zagospodarowania. Celem artykułu jest analiza terenów poeksploatacyjnych położonych w obecnych granicach Łodzi, ocena ich wpływu na rozwój przestrzenny miasta oraz współczesne użytkowanie gruntów. Prężny rozwój przemysłu włókienniczego w XIX w. spowodował wzrost liczby mieszkańców ze 190 osób w 1793 r. do 600 tys. w 1914 r, czyli ponad trzy tysiące razy w ciągu wieku. Rozwój ten wiązał się z ogromnym zapotrzebowaniem na materiały budowlane. Przez 100 lat (od połowy XIX do połowy XX w.) dominowała zabudowa z cegły wypalanej z gliny zwałowej powszechnie występującej na powierzchni. Dlatego na obrzeżach miasta powstały cegielnie i towarzyszące im rozległe wyrobiska. Szczególnie duży wpływ na rozwój strefy zurbanizowanej miały wyrobiska w pasie między granicami miasta z 1840 i 1915 roku. Glinianki, czyli zagłębienia wypełnione wodą, utrudniały zagospodarowanie i planowy rozwój przestrzenny miasta, czyli były lokalnymi barierami. Intensywna zabudowa powstała wzdłuż dróg przebiegających pomiędzy wyrobiskami. To tereny poeksploatacyjne były przyczyną chaosu urbanistycznego (często opisywanego w literaturze) w zasięgu strefy przyłączonej do Łodzi na początku XX w. Jeszcze w latach 50. XX w. zabudowa omijała licznie zachowane glinianki. Dopiero w drugiej połowie XX w. podejmowane były decyzje dotyczące sposobu ich użytkowania. Ogólnie można zauważyć, że w strefie miejskiej Łodzi położonej między granicami z 1840 i 1915 roku występuje dużo terenów zieleni, które przeplatają się z terenami mieszkaniowymi lub przemysłowo-magazynowymi.
W drugiej połowie XX w. wznoszono wieżowce z tzw. wielkiej płyty, do produkcji której wykorzystywano duże ilości piasku. Także ten surowiec był eksploatowany w granicach miasta, ale piaskownie zlokalizowane były w przewadze w strefie peryferycznej. Obszary poeksploatacyjne zajęte są głównie przez tereny zieleni, pola i nieużytki.
Ogólnie można stwierdzić, że dawnym terenom poeksploatacyjnym (zdegradowanym) położonym w granicach miasta nadano nową wartość i zyskały one nowe funkcje, w tym szczególnie ważne ze względu na warunki życia mieszkańców, czyli tereny zieleni i rekreacyjno-wypoczynkowe. Tereny te są ważne dla przyrodniczego systemu miasta, szczególnie w warunkach zmian klimatu.
Ionized Calcium and Serum Electrolytes Profile in Captive Asian Elephants (Elephas maximus) of Tamil Nadu, India
Authors: Veeraselvam M. , Selvaraj P. , Kumar S. Senthil , Senthilkumar A. , Sreekumar C. , Senthilkumar T.M.A. , Premalatha N.
Published: January 2022

Background: Serum electrolyte monitoring is essential in the health assessment of captive elephants. The major elements of calcium, sodium, potassium, chloride and bicarbonate are playing a major role in regulation of nerve and muscle functions and in maintaining acid base and water balance. Excess levels or loss of particular electrolytes may occur as secondary changes caused by certain diseases or changes in physiological regulations. The aim of this study was to evolve the baseline reference values for serum electrolyte levels in captive Asian elephants raised in Tamil Nadu state of India. Methods: As part of the periodical health assessment blood samples were collected from auricular vein for 42 apparently healthy captive Asian elephants in Tamil Nadu, India. Serum electrolyte levels such as sodium (Na+), potassium (K+), chloride (Cl-), ionized calcium (iCa), non-ionized calcium and total calcium (tCa) were determined by using an automated electrolyte analyzer. Result: Most of the ranges of electrolyte values observed in this study were similar to that of previous reports. As not much studies on ionized calcium are available on captive Asian elephants the value of ionized calcium found this study 1.16±0.13 mmol/L could serve as reference. There was no much variation observed in various age groups. This electrolyte profile values will serve as baseline values to evaluate the health and clinical conditions of captive elephant populations.
Introducing the Rapid Assessment of COVID Evidence (RACE ) Series
Authors: Ford Chandra L. , Amani Bita
Published: January 2022

Ethn Dis. 2022; 32(1):69-72; doi:10.18865/ed.32.1.69
Use of synthetic communities to study microbial ecology of the gut
Authors: Berkhout Maryse , Zoetendal Erwin , Plugge Caroline , Belzer Clara
Published: January 2022

The application of in vitro synthetic microbial communities is an excellent approach to model the ecological interactions between microbes in the human gastrointestinal tract. Although DNA-based studies have provided a wealth of information, they do not consider the ecological properties of the human gut microbiota. Ecological interactions between gut microbes of interest can be studied by applying synthetic communities. This review describes the considerations that should be taken into account when constructing a synthetic community by discussing example research questions that can be answered by using a synthetic microbial community, the choice of microbial species, the growth conditions, possible reactor setups, and the parameters to analyze.
Fluorescent spectroscopy of collagen as a diagnostic tool in medicine
Authors: Saletnik Łukasz , Wesołowski Roland
Published: January 2022

Medicine continuously needs to improve the existing diagnostic solutions or introduce new ones. Despite the fact that collagen is a well described protein, collagen-related diseases represent the disorders requiring improvement particularly in terms of research tools. These diseases include connective tissue diseases, keratoconus, where a change in the structure of collagen is observed causing a deformation of the cornea, as well as neoplasms, in which the amount of collagen is multiplied in cells.Fluorescence spectroscopy constitutes a highly sensitive, non-invasive research method, thus, its use in medicine can contribute to the development of excellent diagnostic methods. This method allows to determine the changing amount of the tested fluorophores, as well as the change of the pH of the environment in which these fluorophores are located. Until now, numerous studies on collagen have been performed using fluorescence spectroscopy. However, a detailed analysis of the literature revealed some discrepancies which have been summarized in this paper.The collected experimental results allowed to conclude that the discrepancies in the obtained fluorescence excitation and emission spectra of collagen may result from the structural richness of collagen. Another reason for the variability of the results is the different experimental conditions, i.e. the excitation and detection of collagen fluorescence at different wavelengths. Therefore, it should be emphasized that collagen spectroscopy constitutes an extremely promising method, although the determination of the exact conditions of the experiment and their standardization are required in the research on the diagnostic use of this technique.
Construction and Evaluation of Plasmonic Refractive Index Sensor Based on Changing the Number of Resonators and Changing Their Dimensions
Authors: Abbasi Hamid
Published: January 2022

In this paper, a plasmonic refractive index sensor based on MIM waveguide (metal_insulation_metal) with two plasmonic waveguides and five rings and two teeth and four rectangular cavities is proposed and designed. The refractive index of the resonators as well as the resonant wavelengths will be investigated by the time difference finite difference method. To achieve an optical sensor with excellent quality and performance, we change the number and type of amplifiers and their dimensions. In each stage of the simulation, we will only change the refractive index of the middle ring located in the middle of the two waveguides, and the refractive index of the other amplifiers remains the same. This challenge will help to form a more appropriate structure for optical sensors. The sensor built in this simulation has a balanced and suitable function for integrated circuits and helps researchers to better understand the design of plasmonic structures. It also has important applications in medical research, health care, drug manufacturing, security monitoring and environmental protection, internal security of countries and the battlefield.
Identification of Novel Multi-Omics Expression Landscapes and Meta-Analysis of Landscape-Based Competitive Endogenous RNA Networks in ALDH+ Lung Adenocarcinoma Stem Cells
Authors: Yang Wei , Liang Yong , Zheng Yuan Yuan , Luo Hai Tao , Yang Xiao Fei , Li Fu Rong
Published: January 2022

ALHD+ H1975 lung adenocarcinoma stem cells(LSCs), confirmed to be found in LUAD, is one rare subset within lung adenocarcinoma(LUAD) cancer cells. They could self-renew, drive tumor initiation, growth, metastasis, and recurrence, and are also considered to be the main cause of poor prognosis because of their intrinsic resistance to drug and chemotherapy, which prompts them to be a promising target for LUAD therapy. NcRNAs, including miRNAs, lncRNAs, circRNAs are thought to exert many significant regulatory functions in the development of LUAD. However, systematic and comprehensive molecular profiling on ncRNAs and messenger RNAs(mRNAs) between LSCs and ALDH- H1975 lung adenocarcinoma tumor cells(LTCs) is insufficient. Therefore, by using stringent bio-informatics pipelines, we identified a set of novel ncRNAs including miRNAs, lncRNAs, circRNAs, and obtained differentially expressed landscapes on ncRNAs and mRNAs. Through further meta-analysis with those landscapes subsequently, we constructed novel competitive endogenous RNA(ceRNA) networks to excavate the potential molecular mechanisms that regulate the hallmarks of LSCs and LTCs. Herein, these results summarize novel ncRNAs and the fundamental roles of differentially expressed ncRNAs that have been implicated in LSCs and LTCs behaviors. It also provides a more comprehensive resource for the futural identification of diagnostic, therapeutic, and prognostic biomarkers in LUAD.
The influence of institutional support on innovation performance of new ventures: the mediating mechanism of entrepreneurial orientation
Authors: Jie Yang , Yu Mingxing
Published: January 2022

Based on the institutional theory and resource-based theory and the "institution-strategy-performance" research paradigm, this research explores the mechanism of institutional support on the innovation performance of new ventures, focusing on the mediating role of entrepreneurs and the moderating role of innovative resource acquisition. An empirical analysis based on 278 survey samples shows that: ① (formal/informal) institutional support positively affects the innovation performance of new ventures; ② entrepreneurial orientation plays an intermediary role between institutional support and innovation performance of new ventures; ③ innovation resource acquisition not only positively regulates the relationship between entrepreneurial orientation and innovation performance of new ventures, but also enhances the mediation of entrepreneurial orientation between institutional support and innovation performance. The conclusion shows that institutional support plays an important role in the innovation practice of new ventures, and can provide guidance for the innovation management practices of new ventures.
Frutalin Affinity Chromatography on Sepharose Gel as a Strategy for the Identification of Possible Tumor Markers in Myelodysplastic Syndromes
Authors: Torres-Romero José Camilo , Barros-Romo Adolfo , de Souza Cavalcante Márcio , Monteiro-Moreira Ana Cristina , Pinto Lobo Marina Duarte , Feitosa Pinheiro Ronald , Moreira Renato , Sepúlveda-Casadiego Yulian
Published: January 2022

Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are diseases that occur when blood-producing cells in the bone marrow are damaged; such damage can affect one or more types of blood cells. Common types of MDS are refractory anemia with ring sideroblasts and refractory anemia with excess blasts (MDS-RS and MDS-EB, respectively). This work analyzed the proteomics of the medullary plasma of 10 patients with MDS-RS and MDS-EB compared to healthy control people. Overexpressed proteins that may be potential candidates for biological markers for the evaluation, study, and diagnosis of these diseases have been identified. These samples were subjected to immunodepleting, concentrated, and digested for further analysis by mass spectrometry. The ratios between selected groups and healthy people were calculated. Seven overexpressed proteins in both syndromes were identified as potential biomarker candidates: vitronectin (VTN), (2) fibrinogen (FGA), (3) pregnancy zone protein (PZP), (4) kininogen (KNG1), (5) immunoglobulin lambda chain (IGLL1), (6) complement factor C4b, and (7) hemopexin (HPX). A modified affinity chromatographic column with lectin frutalin (FTL) was used for non-depleted samples. Immunoglobulin M (IgM) was expressed in the samples from both syndromes. Surprisingly, IgM from patients with syndromes was over retained on the frutalin (FTL) column when compared with the control group. We further hypothesized that over retention of this protein by the FTL is due to the presence of α-galactosidic residues in the IgM of MDS-RS and MDS-EB patients. Differential recognition of proteins on non-depleted samples from the use of FTL appears to be a powerful tool for proteomic analysis.
PHATIC COMMUNION AS A UNIFIER AS PORTRAYED IN ‘WONDER’
Authors: Mawadda Sakinah
Published: January 2022

Phatic communication or so called ‘phatic communion’ is said to be a kind of language used to create, to maintain and to strengthen the social bond between individuals. However, the concept of phatic communication in which it requires neither an exchange of information nor a specific purpose in its use raises the question regarding the necessity and the effectiveness of phatic communication. Responding to this issue, this study is conducted to show the significance of phatic communication in colloquial speech event. This study aims to prove the role of phatic communication as a unifier between individuals as portrayed in Wonder movie reflected in the life of a boy with Treacher Collins syndrome, Auggie. Considering the hardships he encounters in his social life, this study aims to see how phatic communication acts as a unifier for Auggie by scrutinizing the types and the functions of phatic communication in his social life. The analysis suggests that 1) the types of expressions serving as phatic communication in Wonder are divided into greeting, making small talk, agreeing on something and joking, and 2) the functions of the phatic expressions are to express solidarity and friendship and to create harmony and comfort.

Keywords: Phatic Communication, Phatic Communion, Unifier
Acute Carpal Tunnel Syndrome After Radial Artery Cannulation
Authors: Garríguez-Pérez Daniel , Serrano-Mateo Laura , Donadeu-Sánchez Susana , Gimeno María Dolores , Marco Fernando
Published: January 2022

Case:

A 20-year-old postpartum woman developed paresthesias and intolerable pain over the volar aspect of the first through fourth fingers, after radial artery cannulation (RAC) during cesarean section. Ultrasonography did not show any hematoma in the forearm. Urgent carpal tunnel release and median nerve decompression were performed, resulting in complete disappearance of symptoms.

Conclusion:

Acute median nerve compression is a rare injury in its own, but it is even rarer as a complication of RAC. Urgent decompression should be performed as soon as possible to avoid future neurological deficits.
Rapidly Progressive Paraplegia Resulting from Latent Cervical Dural Arteriovenous Fistula After Lumbar Surgery
Authors: Han Zhenchuan , Ren Bowen , Liu Yang , Liu Jianheng , Wang Zheng , Mao Keya
Published: January 2022

Case:

A 68-year-old woman developed symptoms of acute paraplegia due to an occult cervical dural arteriovenous fistula (DAVF) after a minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (MIS-TLIF). She was subsequently diagnosed by angiography and treated with vascular embolization. A 2-year follow-up showed that the patient's upper limb muscle strength returned to normal, and the lower limb muscle strength partially improved with remnant motor dysfunction.

Conclusion:

For patients with symptoms of nerve injury inconsistent with the spinal surgery site, a possibility of DAVF should be considered, and related investigations should be performed. Once diagnosed, active treatment is required.
Severe Hip Dysplasia in Wiedemann-Steiner Syndrome Treated with Bilateral Bernese Periacetabular Osteotomy
Authors: Evans David C. , Novais Eduardo N.
Published: January 2022

Case:

Wiedemann-Steiner syndrome (WDSTS) is a rare autosomal dominant disorder with many phenotypic characteristics, including multiple orthopaedic manifestations. Of these, symptomatic significant hip dysplasia has been variably noted. Nonetheless, few reports detail surgical treatment for these patients, including hip preservation for those with hip dysplasia.

Conclusion:

Periacetabular osteotomy allows for the correction of severe hip dysplasia in patients with WDSTS. With proper recognition and timely intervention, adequate care may be provided for these patients.
EXPLORING DESCRIPTOR COMBINATION BY CHEMOMETRIC APPROACH TO DEVELOP NEWER MOLECULES ACTIVE THROUGH CORTICOSTEROID BINDING GLOBULIN RECEPTOR
Authors:   Vimal Constance, Saha Supriyo
Published: January 2022

Quantative Structure Activity Relationship analysis was performed using 30 various steroidal moieties with their IC50 value. The QSAR model was pIC50 = -0.01499 (+/-0.00582) +0.02256 (+/-0.00794) GATS5e -0.02574 (+/-0.00344) RDF120v -0.61334 (+/-0.00342) Ds with statistical information: SEE: 0.00581, r^2: 0.99977r^2 adjusted: 0.99973, F: 24389.67031 (DF: 3, 17). This model proposes that by expanding the Sanderson electro negativities and by diminishing the Radial dispersion capacity - 120/ weighted by relative van der Waals volumes and aggregate availability record/ weighted by relative I-state esteem it make a positive reaction. The outcomes from Golbraikh and Tropsha acceptable model was diagrammatized at Table:
Análisis del punto de equilibrio del efectivo de un sistema de producción bovina en el Departamento del Beni, Bolivia
Authors: Pinto R.C. , Lerdon F.J.
Published: January 2022

El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar el Punto de Equilibrio del Efectivo (PEE) de un sistema de producción bovina de carne, en una Unidad de Producción Agropecuaria (UPA) del Departamento del Beni, Bolivia (Beni/Bo). La recolección de la información se hizo mediante visitas a terreno y el acompañamiento técnico a la gestión contable durante la temporada agrícola 2018-2019. Se utilizaron las técnicas de entrevistas abiertas, observación directa y registros en el cuaderno de campo. Las operaciones económicas, por su parte, fueron registradas en el software de Contabilidad de Gestión Agrícola (CONGA), disponible en el Instituto de Economía Agraria de la Universidad Austral de Chile. A partir de la información histórica generada por el software, se determinó las estructuras de costos e ingresos y se procedió a calcular el beneficio de la explotación y el PEE. Finalmente, se determinó la composición del hato ganadero que permite al productor alcanzar el PEE. Los resultados revelan que el Ingreso Bruto (IB) anual resulta insuficiente para cubrir los Costos Totales (CT). Para cubrir los CT que generan una salida de efectivo, alcanzando un flujo de efectivo operativo de cero (PEE), el sistema productivo deberá producir 6.489 Kg de carne Peso Gancho de res para la venta, comercializados a un precio de carne de res en gancho de 16 Bs/Kg. Para que el sistema productivo arroje anualmente estos 6.489 Kg, deberá el hato ganadero contar mínimamente con 85 vacas reproductoras, manteniendo una relación toro vaca de 5%, nacimiento de terneros 73%, mortalidad de terneros 4% y bovinos adultos 2%.
Can Areas of High Alkalinity Freshwater Discharge Provide Potential Refugia for Marine Calcifying Organisms?
Authors: Amergian Kyle E. , Beckwith Sean , Gfatter Christian , Selden Corday , Hallock Pamela
Published: January 2022

The Springs Coast of Florida, USA (northeast Gulf of Mexico), includes an extensive system of springs and spring-fed streams that discharge billions of liters of water daily. The spring waters have high alkalinity and high calcium concentrations due to the Paleogene limestone lithology of this region. Benthic foraminifers are abundant on the shallow shelf, including Archaias angulatus which hosts chlorophyte symbionts. This study was motivated by the hypothesis that areas of discharge from limestone lithofacies may provide refugia for calcifying organisms during ocean acidification. Environmental data and sediment samples were available from 41 sites at depths <8 m. Benthic foraminiferal species identified (142) included 65 porcelaneous, 65 hyaline, and 12 agglutinated taxa, with 13 species sufficiently common to make up ≥2% total relative abundance. Overall, 58% of the specimens were porcelaneous and most of the remainder were hyaline. Smaller miliolids dominated in samples from most of the inshore polyhaline sites (22–30), while hyaline taxa co-dominated the more offshore sites (salinities >30), representing a distribution reversal compared to previous reports from Gulf of Mexico coastal habitats. The elevated alkalinity and calcium ion concentrations associated with freshwater discharge from limestone lithofacies allows Ar. angulatus and small miliolids to thrive in polyhaline waters.
Warming and redistribution of N inputs drive long-term increase in terrestrial N2O emission factor
Authors: Harris Eliza , Yu Longfei , Wang Yingping , Mohn Joachim , Henne Stephan , Bai Edith , Barthel Matti , Bauters Marijn , Boeckx Pascal , Dorich Chris , Farrell Mark , Krummel Paul , Loh Zoe , Reichstein Markus , Six Johan , Steinbacher Martin , Wells Naomi , Bahn Michael , Rayner Peter
Published: January 2022

Anthropogenic nitrogen inputs cause major negative environmental impacts, including emissions of the important greenhouse gas N2O. Despite their importance, changes in terrestrial N loss pathways driven by global change and spatial redistribution of N inputs are highly uncertain. We present a novel coupled soil-atmosphere isotope model (IsoTONE) to quantify terrestrial N losses and N2O emission factors from 1850-2020, initialised using a global dataset of natural soil δ15N, and optimized with a tropospheric timeseries of N2O isotopic composition using a Bayesian framework.

N inputs from atmospheric deposition caused the majority (51%) of anthropogenic N2O emissions from soils in 2020. Long-term growth in emissions was driven by fertilization and deposition, however biological fixation caused subdecadal variability in emissions. N2O emission factors (EF) show large spatial variability due to climate and soil parameters. The mean effective global EF for N2O (weighted by N inputs) was 4.3±0.3% in 2020, much higher than the land surface area-weighted mean (1.1±0.1%). Climate change and redistribution of fertilisation have driven an increase in global EF over the past century, which accounts for 18% of the anthropogenic soil flux in 2020. Predicted increases in fertilisation in emerging economies will accelerate N2O-driven climate warming in coming decades, unless targeted mitigation measures focussing on fertiliser management and reduced N deposition are introduced.
New Class of Broad-Spectrum Antivirals Improves Influenza Virus Vaccine Development
Authors: Pacheco Armando` , Buchholz David , Monreal Isaac , Xu Shi , Imbiakha Brian , Sahler Julie , Jager Mason , Lai Alex , Contreras Erik , Cook Brandan , Ralalage Elshan , Liu Qian , Yeo Yao Yu , Ma Andrew , Zamora Juana , Shil Niraj , Jones-Burrage Sara , Pritchard Suzanne , Yang Chuntao , Zhao Yu , Mohamed Zeinab , Xu Cheyan , Daniel Susan , Jung Michael , de Walle Gerlinde Van , Mukhopadhyay Suchetana , Shimamura Masako , Goodman Alan , Hardy Michele , Bose Santanu , Nicola Anthony , Freed Jack , August Avery , Jones Jace , Xian Ming , Aguilar Hector
Published: January 2022

Enveloped viruses can cause devastating zoonotic diseases and are the most likely to cause global pandemics. We identified a new class of small-molecule sulfur-containing antiviral compounds (XM series) that broadly inhibit enveloped viruses. The antivirals’ mechanism of action was explored via various multidisciplinary approaches, concluding that the XM antivirals alter membrane lipid chemical compositions, increase membrane order deep within the hydrophobic region of the bilayer, and increase membrane phase transition temperatures. Such effects cause inhibition of membrane fusion and viral entry, while leaving the viral glycoproteins and genomes largely unaffected. Consequently, we tested whether these features would lead to effective whole inactivated enveloped virus vaccines. As a proof-of-principle, we generated an inactivated influenza virus (IIV) vaccine using compound XM-01 (XM-01-IIV). We compared this new vaccine to traditional paraformaldehyde-inactivated, to control compound-inactivated, and to live virus vaccines, using a mouse model of disease. Excitingly, compared to a traditional IIV vaccine, XM-01-IIV vaccination improved neutralizing antibody responses against both hemagglutinin and neuraminidase, and decreased mouse morbidity and mortality following influenza virus challenge. Therefore, this study uncovers a novel class of broadly acting antivirals that enhances influenza virus vaccine development and offers great potential for broadly generating future highly-potent inactivated enveloped virus vaccines.
Mechanical Characterization of Nanocelluloses/Cellulose Acetate Composite Nanofibrous Membranes
Authors: Attari Nasrin , Hausler Robert
Published: January 2022

Extensive research on membrane technologies stems from the necessity for drinking water purification, wastewater treatment, and recycling polluted water by filtration. For the successful commercialization of a filtration process, the improvement of the mechanical properties of membrane systems is an essential factor. Pressure-driven membrane filtration processes require sufficient mechanical strength to withstand operational conditions.

In this study, cellulose acetate composite nanofibrous membranes, including nanocelluloses as reinforcing additives, were synthesized by the electrospinning technique. The polymer solutions were prepared from different weight percentages of Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) and 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-1-piperidinyloxyl- (TEMPO) oxidized Cellulose nanofibrils (TOCNFs) from 0 to 1 wt.\% and 15 wt\% of Cellulose Acetate (CA). The impacts of heat post treatment process on the mechanical properties of composite electrospun nanofibrous membranes (ENMs) has been studied. The chemical and physical properties of the composite ENMs were investigated. The morphological structure of ultimate composite ENMs was studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and the chemical interactions were demonstrated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. A tensile test was performed to evaluate the mechanical properties of the composite ENMs. The highest tensile strength was achieved for heat-treated 0.25TOCNF/CA composite nanofibrous membrane. These results verify that modifying morphology and improving mechanical strength expand the application of electrospun nanofibrous membranes in water purification processes.
Development and Validation of a Prediction Model of Perioperative Hypoglycemia Risk in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Undergoing Elective Surgery
Authors: Han Huiwu , Lai Juan , Yan Cheng , Li Xing , Hu Shuoting , He Yan , Li Hong
Published: January 2022

Aim To develop and validate a prediction model to evaluate the perioperative hypoglycemia risk in hospitalized type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients undergoing elective surgery. Methods We retrospectively analyzed the electronic medical records of 1410 T2DM patients who had been hospitalized and undergone elective surgery. Regression analysis was used to develop a predictive model for perioperative hypoglycemia risk. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and the Hosmer-Lemeshow test were used to verify the model.Results Our study showed an incidence of 10.7% for level 1 hypoglycemia and 1.8% for level 2 severe hypoglycemia during the perioperative period. A perioperative hypoglycemic risk prediction model was developed that was mainly composed of four predictors: duration of diabetes≥10year, body mass index (BMI)<18.5kg/m2, coefficient of variation (CV)≥3.0%, and preoperative hypoglycemic regimen of insulin subcutaneous. Based on this model, patients were categorized into three groups: low, medium, and high risk. Internal validation of the prediction model showed high discrimination (ROC statistic = 0.715) and good calibration (no significant differences between predicted and observed risk: Pearson χ2 goodness-of-fit P = 0.765). Conclusions The perioperative hypoglycemic risk prediction model categorizes the risk of hypoglycemia using only 4 predictors and shows good reliability and validity. The model serves as a favorable tool for clinicians to predict hypoglycemic risk and guide future interventions to reduce hypoglycemia risk.
Comparison of Physicochemical Quality, Macronutrient and Energetic Values of Fresh and Canned Tuna After Storage Different Periods
Authors: Baesi Ferideh , Aberoumand Ali
Published: January 2022

We evaluated the nutritional value of fresh and canned tuna based on the date of production and expiration and measured the concentration of heavy metals in samples. The twenty cans of tuna and 5 kg of fresh tuna were prepared. After 6, 9 and 11 months storage of canned fish, percentage of proximate, pH and concentration of heavy metals measured. The results showed that the proximate composition of canned samples changed comparing to the fresh samples during different periods. The percentage of fat and protein increased and decreased significantly respectively. The energy values of canned fish decreased over time, but on 11th month storage after production, it was higher than fresh fish. The concentration of heavy metals significantly increased over time, but ​​obtained contents were lower than the limits allowed by international standards which will not pose a problem for human consumption.
Integrated cell-free DNA and cytokine analysis uncovers distinct tissue injury and immune response patterns in solid organ transplant recipients with COVID-19
Authors: Andargie Temesgen , Zhou Weiqiang , Karaba Andrew , Li Taibo , Seifuddin Fayaz , Rittenhouse Alex , Kong Hyesik , Singh Komudi , Woodward Robert , Iacono Aldo , Avery Robin , Pirooznia Mehdi , Jang Moon , Ji Hongkai , Cox Andrea , Agbor-Enoh Sean
Published: January 2022

COVID-19 pathogenesis is associated with an exuberant inflammatory response. However, the tissue injury pattern and immune response in solid-organ transplant recipients (SOTRs) taking immunosuppressive therapy have not been well characterized. Here, we perform both cfDNA and cytokine profiling on plasma samples to map tissue damage, including allograft injury and delineate underlying immunopathology. We identified injuries from multiple-tissue types, including hematopoietic cells, vascular endothelium, hepatocyte, adipocyte, pancreas, kidney, heart, and lung in SOTRs with COVID-19 that correlates with disease severity. SOTRs with COVID-19 have higher plasma levels of cytokines such as IFN-λ1, IFN-γ, IL-15, IL-18 IL-1RA, IL-6, MCP-2, and TNF-α as compared to healthy controls, and the levels of GM-CSF, IL-15, IL-6, IL-8, and IL-10 were associated with disease severity in SOTRs. Strikingly, IFN-λ and IP-10 were markedly increased in SOTRs compared to immunocompetent patients with COVID-19. Correlation analyses showed a strong association between monocyte-derived cfDNA and inflammatory cytokines/chemokines in SOTRs with COVID-19. Moreover, compared to other respiratory viral infections, COVID-19 induced pronounced injury in hematopoitic, vascular endothelial and endocrine tissues. Allograft injury, measured as donor-derived cfDNA was elevated in SOTRs with COVID-19, including allografts distant from the primary site of infection. Allograft injury correlated with inflammatory cytokines and cfDNA from immune cells. Furthermore, longitudinal analysis identified a gradual decrease of cfDNA and inflammatory cytokine levels in patients with a favorable outcome. Our findings highlight distinct tissue injury and cytokine features in SOTRs with COVID-19 that correlate with disease severity.