bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pollution of Sand River by Wastewater Treatment Works in the Bushbuckridge Local Municipality, South Africa
Authors: Masindi Thivhonali Kenneth , Gyedu-Ababio Thomas , Mpenyana-Monyatsi Lizzy
Published: December 2022

Pollution of water sources is a global issue that primarily affects rural communities that rely on these water sources for domestic purposes on a daily basis. The study’s goal was to determine if the effluent from the Bushbuckridge Municipality’s Waste Water Treatment Works (WWTWs) contributes to the pollution of the Sand River Catchment. The investigation was conducted at two WWTWs, Dwarsloop and Thulamahashe. A questionnaire was used to collect information from participants. Water samples were collected monthly from the treatment plant and Sand River for the determination of physico-chemical parameters and coliform counts. The study found that the WWTWs were the main sources of the pollution of the Sand River Catchment. The WWTWs are confronting unprecedented mechanical and technical challenges. The WWTWs have experienced numerous system failures due to aging systems and pressure on deteriorating facilities, resulting in raw wastewater discharges into catchments. Furthermore, the study revealed that factors such as population growth, poor operation and maintenance of WWTWs, poor budgeting, and a lack of well-trained personnel contributed to WWTW failure. The effluent quality in both WWTWs met the National Water Act of South Africa’s effluent discharge standards for pH (ranged from 6.90 to 9.30), EC (ranged from 20.80 to 87.50 mS/m), ammonia (ranged from 7.22 to 86.80 mg/L as N), nitrate/nitrite (ranged from 0.10 to 0.73 mg/L as N), and ortho-phosphate (ranged from 0.01 to 6.50 mg/L as P). While COD levels in both WWTWs (ranging from 25.00 to 149.00 mg/L) were over the limit during some months of the study period. The study also discovered that E. coli counts were low upstream but high in both the WWTWs point of discharge and downstream for both catchments. The study, therefore, established a connection between wastewater treatment plants and water quality parameters as well as poor water quality linked to the condition of the WWTWs. The study recommends that effective measures be implemented to address the challenges.
Correction: Rémy, S.; Anguelova, M.D. Improving the Representation of Whitecap Fraction and Sea Salt Aerosol Emissions in the ECMWF IFS-AER. Remote Sens. 2021, 13, 4856
Authors: Rémy Samuel , Anguelova Magdalena D.
Published: December 2022

In the original publication [...]
Impact of Temporary Browsing Restrictions on Drivers’ Situation Awareness When Interacting with In-Vehicle Infotainment Systems
Authors: Meyer Jason , Llaneras Eddy , Fitch Gregory M.
Published: December 2022

Looking away from the road during a task degrades situation awareness of potential hazards. Long glances back to the road rebuild this awareness and are thought to be critical for maintaining good vehicle control and recognizing conflicts. To further investigate the importance of rebuilding situation awareness, a controlled test-track study was performed that evaluated drivers’ hazard awareness and response performance to a surprise event after completing a task that involved pausing partway through it to look back at the road. Thirty-two drivers completed a visual-manual infotainment system secondary task. Half of the drivers were instructed to pause their browsing mid-task, while the others were not. While the task was being performed, a lead vehicle activated its hazard lights. It then unexpectedly dropped a fake muffler once drivers completed the task. Drivers’ visual attention to the road and their ability to respond to the muffler were measured. The drivers that paused their browsing were more aware of the lead vehicle’s hazard lights, showed less surprise to the dropped muffler, and executed more measured avoidance maneuvers compared to the drivers that did not pause their browsing. These findings suggest that drivers’ situation awareness can be better maintained when task interactions are paced, allowing for longer monitoring of the environment. Mechanisms that encourage drivers to take restorative on-road glances during extended browsing may be a key aspect of an overall approach to mitigating driver distraction.
Effects of the Antidepressant Amitriptyline on Juvenile Brown Trout and Their Modulation by Microplastics
Authors: Schmieg Hannah , Krais Stefanie , Kübler Kathrin , Ruhl Aki S. , Schmidgall Isabelle M. , Zwiener Christian , Köhler Heinz-R. , Triebskorn Rita
Published: December 2022

Pharmaceuticals such as antidepressants are designed to be bioactive at low concentrations. According to their mode of action, they can also influence non-target organisms due to the phylogenetic conservation of molecular targets. In addition to the pollution by environmental chemicals, the topic of microplastics (MP) in the aquatic environment came into the focus of scientific and public interest. The aim of the present study was to investigate the influence of the antidepressant amitriptyline in the presence and absence of irregularly shaped polystyrene MP as well as the effects of MP alone on juvenile brown trout (Salmo trutta f. fario). Fish were exposed to different concentrations of amitriptyline (nominal concentrations between 1 and 1000 µg/L) and two concentrations of MP (104 and 105 particles/L; <50 µm) for three weeks. Tissue cortisol concentration, oxidative stress, and the activity of two carboxylesterases and of acetylcholinesterase were assessed. Furthermore, the swimming behavior was analyzed in situations with different stress levels. Exposure to amitriptyline altered the behavior and increased the activity of acetylcholinesterase. Moreover, nominal amitriptyline concentrations above 300 µg/L caused severe acute adverse effects in fish. MP alone did not affect any of the investigated endpoints. Co-exposure caused largely similar effects such as the exposure to solely amitriptyline. However, the effect of amitriptyline on the swimming behavior during the experiment was alleviated by the higher MP concentration.
Ozonation of Selected Pharmaceutical and Personal Care Products in Secondary Effluent—Degradation Kinetics and Environmental Assessment
Authors: Jesus Fátima , Domingues Eva , Bernardo Carla , Pereira Joana L. , Martins Rui C. , Gomes João
Published: December 2022

The efficiency of ozonation depends on the water matrix and the reaction time. Herein, these factors were addressed by assessing the removal of five pharmaceutical and personal care products (PPCPs) by ozonation. The main aims were: (i) to assess the effects of the water matrix on the degradation kinetics of PPCPs, individually and in mixture, following ozonation; and (ii) to assess the ecotoxicological impact of the ozone reaction time on the treatment of a spiked municipal wastewater (MW) added the five PPCPs over several species. The degradation of the PPCPs was faster in ultrapure water, with all PPCPs being removed in 20 min, whereas in the MW, a 30 min ozonation period was required to achieve a removal close to 100%. Increasing the number of PPCPs in the water matrix did not affect the time required for their removal in the MW. Regarding the ecotoxicity assessment, Raphidocelis subcapitata and Daphnia magna were the least sensitive species, whereas Lemna minor was the most sensitive. The temporal variation of the observed effects corroborates the degradation of the added PPCPs and the formation of toxic degradation by-products. The removal of the parent compounds did not guarantee decreased hazardous potential to biological species.
Toxic Effects Produced by Anatoxin-a under Laboratory Conditions: A Review
Authors: Plata-Calzado Cristina , Prieto Ana I. , Cameán Ana M. , Jos Angeles
Published: December 2022

The presence of cyanotoxins and its bioaccumulation in the food chain is an increasingly common problem worldwide. Despite the toxic effects produced by Anatoxin-a (ATX-a), this neurotoxin has been less studied compared to microcystins (MCs) and cylindrospermopsin (CYN). Studies conducted under laboratory conditions are of particular interest because these provide information which are directly related to the effects produced by the toxin. Currently, the World Health Organization (WHO) considers the ATX-a toxicological database inadequate to support the publication of a formal guideline reference value. Therefore, the aim of the present work is to compile all of the in vitro and in vivo toxicological studies performed so far and to identify potential data gaps. Results show that the number of reports is increasing in recent years. However, more in vitro studies are needed, mainly in standardized neuronal cell lines. Regarding in vivo studies, very few of them reflect conditions occurring in nature and further studies with longer periods of oral exposure would be of interest. Moreover, additional toxicological aspects of great interest such as mutagenicity, genotoxicity, immunotoxicity and alteration of hormonal balance need to be studied in depth.
COVID-19 Alcoholic Cirrhosis and Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis Cirrhosis Outcomes among Hospitalized Patients in the United States: Insight from National Inpatient Sample Database
Authors: Kapuria Devika , Gangu Karthik , Chourasia Prabal , Boba Aniesh , Nguyen Anthony , Ryu Moon , Peicher Mark , Flores Mario , Chela Harleen Kaur , Daglilar Ebubekir S. , Sheikh Abu Baker , Shekhar Rahul
Published: December 2022

Patients with co-morbidities like cirrhosis are at risk of worse outcome from COVID-19 infection. Given limited prior studies, we evaluated outcomes associated with COVID-19 infection in alcoholic and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis cirrhotic (CC+) versus cirrhotic without COVID-19 (CC−). We performed retrospective analysis of 822,604 patients including 28,610 COVID-19 patients from the National Inpatient Sample database with alcoholic and NASH cirrhosis enrolled between 1 January 2020 to 31 December 2020, with univariate and multivariate regression analyses. Primary outcome was mortality and secondary outcomes was mechanical ventilation, vasopressor use, length of stay, hospitalization expense and predictors of mortality. In-hospital mortality was three time higher in the CC+ group compared to those in the CC− group(18.6% vs. 5.96%, p < 0.001, adjusted odds ratio (OR)3.39 (95% 3.08–3.74 CI). Hospitalization was more likely for underrepresented racial and ethnic groups with COVID-19 and cirrhosis. CC+ group had over twice the rates of mechanical ventilation (19.92% vs. 9.07%, adjusted OR 2.71 2.71 (95% 2.51–2.93 CI)),1.7 times likelihood of receiving vasopressors (4.12% vs. 2.45%, p < 0.001, adjusted OR 1.71 (95% CI 1.46–2.01). COVID-19 is associated with increased mortality in patients with alcoholic and NASH cirrhosis, and patients with alcoholic cirrhosis and COVID-19 have a slightly higher mortality compared to NASH cirrhosis.
Adverse Events of COVID-19 Vaccination among the Saudi Population: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Alhossan Abdulaziz , Alsaran Amjad Khalid , Almahmudi Afnan Hussain , Aljohani Ziad Saad , Albishi Mohammed Rajeh , Almutairi Ahoud Khashman
Published: December 2022

This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to synthesize the evidence on the adverse events (AEs) of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccinations in Saudi Arabia. A computerized search in MEDLINE via PubMed and OVID, Scopus, CENTRAL, and Web of Science was conducted using relevant keywords. The NIH tools were used for the quality assessment. A total of 14 studies (16 reports) were included. The pooled analysis showed that the incidence of AEs post-COVID-19 vaccination was 40.4% (95% CI:6.4% to 87%). Compared to the AstraZeneca vaccine, the Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine was associated with a lower risk ratio (RR) of wheezing (RR = 0.04), fever (RR = 0.32), chills (RR = 0.41), headache (RR = 0.47), dizziness (RR = 0.49), and joint pain (RR = 0.51). The Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine was associated with significantly higher RR of general allergic reactions (RR = 1.62), dyspnea (RR = 1.68), upper respiratory tract symptoms (RR = 1.71), and lymphadenopathy (RR = 8.32). The current evidence suggests that the incidence of AEs following COVID-19 vaccines is 40%; however, most of these AEs were mild and for a short time. The overall number of participants with AEs was higher in the Pfizer group compared to the AstraZeneca group; however, the AstraZeneca vaccine was associated with a higher RR of several AEs.
Parental Perceptions and Barriers towards Childhood COVID-19 Vaccination in Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Analysis
Authors: Khan Yusra Habib , Mallhi Tauqeer Hussain , Salman Muhammad , Tanveer Nida , Butt Muhammad Hammad , Mustafa Zia Ul , Aftab Raja Ahsan , Alanazi Abdullah Salah
Published: December 2022

Introduction: The vaccination of children against Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is a prime area of focus around the globe and is considered a pivotal challenge during the ongoing pandemic. This study aimed to assess parents′ intentions to vaccinate their children and the barriers related to pediatric COVID-19 vaccination. Methodology: An online web-based survey was conducted to recruit parents with at least one child under the age of 12 years from Saudi Arabia’s Al-Jouf region. The parental intentions to vaccinate children were assessed via six items, while barriers against vaccination were assessed through seven items in validated study instrument. A 5-point Likert scale was used to record the responses of parents regarding both their intentions and barriers. Results: In total, 444 parents (28.41 ± 7.4 years, 65% females) participated in this study. Almost 90% of parents were vaccinated against COVID-19 but only 42% of parents intended to vaccinate their children. The mean intention score was 2.9 ± 1.36. More than one-third of study participants had no plan to vaccinate their children against COVID-19. The majority of the respondents agreed to vaccinate their children if vaccination was made compulsory by the government (relative index: 0.76, 73%). Out of seven potential barriers analyzed, concerns over vaccine safety and side effects were ranked highest (RII: 0.754), reported by 290 (65%) participants. In multivariate logistic regression, significant predictors of parental intention to vaccinate children were the increased education level of the parents (secondary education: OR = 3.617, p = 0.010; tertiary education: OR = 2.775, p = 0.042), COVID-19 vaccination status (vaccinated: OR = 7.062, p = 0.003), mother’s involvement in decisions regarding the child’s healthcare (mother: OR 4.353, p < 0.001; both father and mother: OR 3.195, p < 0.001) and parents’ trust in the vaccine’s safety (OR = 2.483, p = 0.022). Conclusions: This study underscored the low intention among parents to vaccinate their children against COVID-19. Vaccination intention was found to be associated with education, parents’ vaccination status, the mother’s involvement in healthcare decisions, and parents’ trust in the vaccine’s safety. On the other hand, parents’ concerns over the safety and efficacy of the COVID-19 vaccine were widely reported as barriers to childhood vaccination. The health authorities should focus on addressing parental concerns about vaccines to improve their COVID-19 vaccination coverage.
Flagellin-Fused Protein Targeting M2e and HA2 Induces Innate and T-Cell Responses in Mice of Different Genetic Lines
Authors: Stepanova Liudmila A. , Shuklina Marina A. , Vasiliev Kirill A. , Kovaleva Anna A. , Vidyaeva Inna G. , Zabrodskaya Yana A. , Korotkov Alexandr V. , Tsybalova Liudmila M.
Published: December 2022

Efficient control of influenza A infection can potentially be achieved through the development of broad-spectrum vaccines. Recombinant proteins incorporating conserved influenza A virus peptides are one of the platforms for the development of cross-protective influenza vaccines. We constructed a recombinant protein Flg-HA2-2-4M2ehs, in which the extracellular domain of the M2 protein (M2e) and the sequence (aa76-130) of the second subunit of HA (HA2) were used as target antigens. In this study, we investigated the ability of the Flg-HA2-2-4M2ehs protein to activate innate immunity and stimulate the formation of T-cell response in mice of different genetic lines after intranasal immunization. Our studies showed that the Flg-HA2-2-4M2ehs protein was manifested in an increase in the relative content of neutrophils, monocytes, and interstitial macrophages, against the backdrop of a decrease in the level of dendritic cells and increased expression in the CD86 marker. In the lungs of BALB/c mice, immunization with the Flg-HA2-2-4M2ehs protein induced the formation of antigen-specific CD4+ and CD8+ effector memory T cells, producing TNF-α. In mice C57Bl/6, the formation of antigen-specific effector CD8+ T cells, predominantly producing IFN-γ+, was demonstrated. The data obtained showed the formation of CD8+ and CD4+ effector memory T cells expressing the CD107a.
Gill Monogeneans of African Tetra, Brycinus kingsleyae (Günther, 1896), From the Nyong River: Biotope, Distribution and Site Selection
Authors: NDONGO IVAN , NGONO MICHEL THIERRY ONANA , TOMBI JEANNETTE
Published: December 2022

Monogenea is a taxon containing flatworms that are primarily parasites of the skin and gills of fish. The African tetra, Brycinus kingsleyae (Günther, 1896), is a commercial fish species in artisanal fisheries in Southern Cameroon. Although the gill monogeneans of this fish species have been described, no ecological research has been carried out on this component community. The present study was conducted in the Nyong River to provide the first data about some factors that influence the structure of its infracommunities. In dry seasons, 70 fish specimens consisting of 27 males and 43 females of fork length between 9.5 and 14.1 cm were sampled.The analysis of their gill filament number indicated that the gill system of B. kingsleyae is heterogeneous because this factor varies with the length of the fish and depends on the gill arch. The studied guild consisted only of core species: Annulotrema combesi Birgi, 1988, Annulotrema maillardi Birgi, 1988, Annulotrema nyongensis Birgi, 1988, Annulotrema bouixi Birgi, 1988, and Characidotrema regia Birgi, 1988. The number of gill filaments and the parasitic load increased with the fish length, indicating that larger hosts provide a greater diversity of niches for parasites. Monogenean species exhibit various occupation patterns of gill arches, sectors, zones and gender differences in parasitological indices. This study reveals that the host length and sex, filament number, gill arch, sector and zone are largely responsible for structuring the studied component community.
ANALYSIS OF OPTIMAL PORTFOLIO FORMATION USING SINGLE INDEX MODEL ON STOCKS INCLUDED IN THE LQ 45 MARKET INDEX ON THE INDONESIA STOCK EXCHANGE
Authors: Febrianti Eka , Muchran Muchriana , Jaya Asri
Published: December 2022

This study aims to determine the optimal stock portfolio using a single index model that is included in the LQ 45 index in the 2017 - 2021 period using the Single Index Model method. This study also aims to calculate the amount of return that will be generated when forming an optimal stock portfolio. The sample used in this study consisted of 28 fixed stocks that were included in the LQ 45 index between 2017 and 2021. The type of research used was descriptive quantitative. The data used in this research is quantitative data. The data used in this research is secondary data. Data analysis was performed using a single index model and calculations were performed using Microsoft Excel program. The data collection method used in this study uses documentation techniques. The results of this study indicate that: There are eight stocks included in the optimal stock portfolio based on the Single Index Model method, namely ADRO, BBRI, EXCL, ICBP, PGAS, PTPP, UNVR, WIKA. The ratio of funds worth investing in these stocks is ADRO 8%, BBRI 32%, EXCL 10%, ICBP 13%, PGAS 30%, PTPP 67%, UNVR 59%, WIKA 7%.
IMPLEMENTATION MODEL OF CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY IN INCREASING SOCIAL CAPITAL ON PT JEMARI KARYA MANDIRI
Authors: Usman Halim , Sumarno Sumarno , AP Andi Dahri
Published: December 2022

Social capital is a set of informal values ​​or norms that are shared among members of a community group that are interrelated. A good measurement of social capital is when there is an agreement between the two parties, both the vision and goals of the organization have in common. Corporate Social Responsibility can be implemented through alternative models that can increase the social capital of the community, both from the economic, social, and cultural aspects in a sustainable manner. The purpose of this research is to determine the relationship between CSR implementation and increasing social capital of the community around the PT Jemari Karya Mandiri mine, as well as to find out the CSR implementation model of PT JKM in increasing the social capital of the community around the mine. The results of the study indicate that the implementation of the CSR model carried out by PT JKM is categorized as social capital because of one of the company's successes in business sustainability. Business sustainability can be seen from the organization's internal and external parties. The implementation of CSR which is categorized as social capital is when the company can convince the community that with the establishment of the company it can contribute to the community. A good measurement of social capital is when there is an agreement between the two parties, both the vision and goals of the organization have in common.
THE EFFECT OF PRICE AND PRODUCT COMPLETENESS ON CONSUMER PURCHASE DECISIONS AT INDOMARET DIPONEGORO TAKALAR
Authors: Muchriady Muchran , Murniady Muchran , Mursalim Mursalim
Published: December 2022

This study aims 1) to determine the effect of price on purchasing decisions at Indomaret Diponegoro Takalar. 2) to determine the effect of product completeness on purchasing decisions custumers at Indomaret Diponegoro Takalar. The type of research used in this research is quantitative with a sample of 96 respondents. Data collection techniques using a questionnaire technique. The data analysis technique used multiple linear regression test. The results showed that the price and product completeness had a positive and significant effect on purchasing decisions costumers at Indomaret Diponegoro Takalar.
THE EFFECT OF HUMAN RESOURCES COMPETENCE, GOAL ORIENTATION, BUDGET USE, AND MONITORING AND EVALUATION ON PERFORMANCE-BASED BUDGET MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS IN MANAGEMENT AGENCY REGIONAL FINANCE OF EAST LUWU REGENCY
Authors: E. Adri , Tangke Paulus , Bangun Yakobus K.
Published: December 2022

This study aims to examine the effect of HR competence, goal orientation, budget use, as well as monitoring and evaluation of the performance-based budget management system at the Regional Financial Management Agency of East Luwu Regency. To achieve this goal, data collection techniques were used through questionnaires, with data analysis techniques using multiple linear regression analysis, validity and reliability tests, classical assumption tests and hypothesis testing. The results of the research conducted found that HR competence had an effect on the performance-based budget management system. Goal orientation affects the performance-based budget management system. The use of the budget affects the performance-based budget management system, and monitoring and evaluation has a positive and significant effect on the performance-based budget management system at the Regional Financial Management Agency in East Luwu Regency, while the results of regression testing show that the dominant variable affects the performance-based budget management system. on the Regional Financial Management Agency in East Luwu Regency is the use of the budget.
ANALYSIS OF CAPITAL INTENSITY, SALES GROWTH, AND AUDIT COMMITTEE ON TAX AGGRESSIVENESS
Authors: Ved Michaela Janice , Sjarief Julianti
Published: December 2022

This study aims to analyze capital intensity, sales growth, and the audit committee on tax aggressiveness. In this study, the population used are companies from the mining sector listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the 2016-2020 period. The sample selection in this study used purposive sampling method with the number of sample 130 from 36 companies/ The data analysis method used was descriptive statistics and multiple linear regression analysis using SPSS version 26. The results of this study indicate that capital intensity has a positive effect on tax aggressiveness, sales growth has a positive effect on tax aggressiveness, and the audit committee has no effect on tax aggressiveness.
DETERMINANTS OF THE LEVEL OF COMPLETION FOLLOWING UP RECOMMENDATIONS ON THE AUDIT RESULTS OF BPK RI TO LOCAL GOVERNMENTS
Authors: Kusumarini Ken Yulita Maulydina , Respati Novita Weningtyas
Published: December 2022

This study aims to examine and analyze the influence of the factors that influence the level of completion of follow-up recommendations on the results of the examination of the BPK RI in district/city governments on the islands of Sumatera and Kalimantan. The population in this study are all district/city governments located on the islands of Sumatera and Kalimantan. Determination of the research sample using a purposive sampling technique and obtained as many as 564 samples consisting of 128 districts/cities. Multiple linear regression was used as a data analysis technique.The results of this study indicate that the length of office of the regional head affects the level of completion of the follow-up to the recommendations of the BPK RI examination results, while the auditor's proficiency, the type of local government, the number of SKPD, the age of the local government and dependence on the central government do not affect the level of completion of the follow-up to the recommendations of the examination results BPK RI.
PENGARUH REKRUTMEN DAN PENEMPATAN TERHADAP KINERJA KARYAWAN PT. TAINAN ENTERPRISES INDONESIA 3
Authors: Supriyanti Novel , Setiorini Amanda
Published: December 2022

This study aims to determine the effect of recruitment, job placement on the performance of employees of PT. Tainan Enterpises Indonesia 3. The data analysis with validity and reliability testing, classical assumption test, and hypothesis testing using simple and multiple linear regression analysis. The results showed that partially recruitment had no effect on employee performance , while job placement had an effect on employee performance at PT. Tainan Enterprises Indonesia 3. Simultaneously recruitment and job placement affect employee performance at PT. Tainan Enterprises Indonesia 3.
Peranan Aset Nafkah Rumah Tangga Petani Kakao di Kabupaten Polewali Mandar, Provinsi Sulawesi Barat
Authors: Hikmah Aulia Nurul , Dambe Jumriani , Dassir Muhammad
Published: December 2022

Kakao adalah salah satu komoditas perkebunan yang memiliki peran penting bagi perekonomian nasional, seperti sebagai sumber devisa negara dan penyedia lapangan kerja. Salah satu sentra produksi kakao di Indonesia yaitu berada di Kabupaten Polewali Mandar, Provinsi Sulawesi Barat. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif untuk memperoleh data yang bersifat deskriptif berupa fenomena sosial. Metode yang digunakan untuk memperoleh data kualitatif yaitu dengan melakukan wawancara mendalam, serta pengolahan data sekunder dan observasi lapangan. Unit analisis penelitian ini adalah rumah tangga petani kakao yang tinggal di Kabupaten Polewali Mandar. Adapun objek penelitian ini adalah aset nafkah yang dimiliki rumah tangga petani kakao seperti modal alam, modal manusia, modal fisik, modal finansial, dan modal sosial. Dari hasil penelitian disimpulkan bahwa modal manusia diukur melalui tiga aspek yaitu tingkat pendidikan, tingkat keterampilan, dan tingkat alokasi tenaga kerja. Rata-rata lahan kakao yang digarap oleh responden merupakan lahan milik sendiri yang berasal dari warisan serta penguasaan lahan pertanian petani kakao berada di kategori sempit dan sedang. Modal finansial yang dimiliki responden berbentuk uang dan tidak pernah bertahan lama, dikarenakan mereka tidak memiliki tabungan sebagai alat penyimpanan. Pemanfaatan modal fisik diukur dari kepemilikan aset pertanian dan non pertanian. Modal sosial dalam penelitian ini terkait dengan kelembagaan sosial yang diikuti oleh petani responden.
Analysis of Income and Expenditure Based on Fishermen's Households The Level of Food Security in the Term District of Bireun Regency
Authors: Adhiana Adhiana , Ariani Rita , Riani Riani , Eriani Maya , Basyar Muhammad Jauma
Published: December 2022

This study aims to analyze household income and expenditure and the level of food security of fishermen's households in Term District, Bireuen Regency. This research was conducted in the District of Term, Bireuen Regency. Determination of the research location is done purposively. The population in this study were all fishermen in the District of Jangka. The sampling method uses the Accidental Sampling technique, which is the technique of making a sample by chance. The analysis carried out is to analyze the income and expenditure of fishermen's households and analyze the level of resilience. Based on the results of the study, it was found that the average income of fishermen's households originating from fishing business activities was Rp. 4,406,329/month, from a side business of Rp. 1,578,145, and sourced from family opinion 3,106,076. Meanwhile, household expenditure is IDR 2,633,139/month. The share of fisherman household expenditure is 53.7% and is in the food security category.
The influence of Socio-Economic Factors to Red Guava Farming Income in The Yard (Case Study: in Trirenggo Village, Bantul District, Bantul Regency)
Authors: Sambodo Reo , Dinarto Wafit
Published: December 2022

Red guava has many advantages, so it is the right choice as a mainstay commodity in agricultural development with a creative approach to agribusiness innovation. The purpose of this study was to analyze the socio-economic influence of guava farm income and to analyze the income of guava farm in the yard. To analyze the influence of socio-economic factors used multiple linear regression analysis. The results showed that socio-economic factors including family dependents (X1), capital (X2), land area (X3), experience (X4) affect the income of guava farming, while the age factor does not affect the income of guava farming. By using the income formula obtained by the average net income of Mr. June farm  amounted to Rp. 4,069,683/month.
Peran Serta Wanita Tani Ternak Sapi Potong Dalam Meningkatkan Taraf Hidup Keluarga
Authors: Natsir Mursidin , Asgaf Khaifah
Published: December 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengungkap secara empiris apakah peran serta wanita tani dan ternak sapi potong di Desa Moncongloe Bulu Kecamatan Moncongloe Kabupaten Maros mampu meningkatkan taraf hidup keluarga dengan menganalisa variabel yaitu peran serta wanita tani dan ternak dan sub variabel yaitu aspek pengambilan keputusan, akses dan control pemeliharaan dan manfaat yang didapatkan. Metode Penelitian yang dilakukan adalah wawancara langsung dengan instrument pendukung kuisioner dan jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif. Analisis yang digunakan yaitu analisis distribusi frekwensi dengan penentuan skala pengukuran menggunakan skala likert. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengambilan keputusan merupakan penetapan keputusan yang dilakukan peternak wanita di Desa Moncongloe Bulu dalam kegiatan non fisik pada usaha peternakan sapi potong berada pada kategori Sangat Tepat, akses dan kontrol pemeliharaan ternak berada pada kategori Sangat Baik, mengenai manfaat yang didapatkan berada pada kategori Sangat Puas, serta nilai sub variabel keseluruhan yang didapatkan berada pada kategori Sangat Baik.
Sikap Peternak Ayam Petelur terhadap Kredit Program pada Lembaga Pembiayaan Formal di Kecamatan Manuju Kabupaten Gowa
Authors: Asnawi Aslina , Hirdan A. Nurul Izzah , Bakri Astrid A. , Asika Sitti
Published: December 2022

Salah satu kendala bagi peternak adalah kepemilikan modal yang rendah, bahkan saat beternak ayam petelur. Kepemilikan modal yang rendah salah satunya ditentukan oleh aksesiblitas pembiayaan terhadap lembaga formal.  Namun, tidak semua peternak memiliki akses pembiayaan ke pembiayaan formal. Hal ini disebabkan karena belum layak untuk dibiayai namun tidak jarang pula peternak belum mau memanfaatkan kredit yang disediakan oleh perbankan. Hal ini tentu tergantung pada sikap peternak terhadap lembaga pembiayaan tersebut. Sikap yang positif tentu akan mempengaruhi keputusan pembiayaan untuk memilih bank sebagai alternatif sumber pembiayaan. Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan menganalisis sikap peternak ayam petelur terhadap kredit pada lembaga pembiayaan formal di Kecamatan Manuju, Kabupaten Gowa. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan survei yang dilakukan dengan menggunakan kuesioner sebagai alat penelitian dengan pengamatan langsung terhadap keadaan usaha peternakan ayam petelur. Sebanyak 25 orang peternak diperoleh sebagai sampel penelitian (sampel jenuh) dari beberapa peternak lebih dari 1000 ekor di wilayah Manuju. Ada tiga dimensi pembentuk sikap yang akan diteliti yaitu aspek pengetahuan (kognitf), afektif dan konatif/psikomotoriknya. Skala pengukuran menggunakan skala Likert. Dalam penelitian ini digunakan analisis deskriptif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa 86,98 persen peternak sangat setuju dengan program pinjaman dari lembaga keuangan resmi. Keberadaan kredit program pada lembaga pembiayaan formal dikatakan dapat memudahkan peternak dalam menjalankan usaha peternakan yang dijalankan. Dari beberapa segi yaitu adanya peningkatan pendapatan, pertumbuhan modal dan peningkatan skala usaha yang dialami oleh peternak mandiri sejak menggunakan kredit program.
Pengelolaan Potensi Ekonomi dan Strategi Kebijakan pada Ekosistem Mangrove di Kuala Langsa Aceh
Authors: Zurba Nabil , Cahyani Waode Sitti
Published: December 2022

Mangrove beserta ekosistem terkait disekitarnya mampu menopang kehidupan manusia, baik dalam penyedia hasil alam, jasa lingkungan dan potensi wisata. Potensi yang cukup besar ini akan bermanfaat bagi manusia apabila mampu dikelola dengan baik dan berkelanjutan, namun hal yang pelu diwaspadai adalah pemanfaatan yang berlebih sehingga akan menganggu daya dukung lingkungan. Diperlukannya pemahaman terkait pemanfaatan ekosistem mangrove non kayu. Metode travel cost method dan contingent valuation method digunakan dalam menggali manfaat yang belum banyak terpublikasi. Potensi ekonomi wisata pantai mencapai Rp. 35.423.745.328/tahun. Secara keseluruhan estimasi jumlah  total potensi keberadaan ekosistem mangrove di Kuala Langsa adalah sebesar Rp. 1.932.000.000/tahun. Berbagai strategi pengelolaan dapat dirancang agar pengelolaan dapat terkendali dan berkelanjutan.
Analisis Pemberdayaan Kelompok Wanita Tani Guyub Rukun melalui Program Pengembangan Taman Koleksi Biodiversitas Tanaman Potensi Obat di Dusun Sundi Kidul, Desa Argorejo, Sedayu, Bantul
Authors: Farida Alya Nur , Sambodo Reo , Astriani Dian , Dinarto Wafit
Published: December 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji proses pemberdayaan kelompok wanita tani Guyub Rukun oleh HIMAGRO UMBY melalui program pengembangan taman koleksi biodiversitas tanaman potensi obat di Dusun Sundi Kidul serta mengkaji dukungan stakeholder dalam program tersebut. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan melibatkan informan sebanyak 15 orang anggota kelompok PPK Ormawa HIMAGRO UMBY, 1 orang pembimbing kelompok pelaksana dan 3 orang tokoh masyarakat Desa Argorejo. Penentuan informan menggunakan teknik snowball sampling. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik wawancara mendalam (in-depth interview). Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa proses pemberdayaan melalui program pengembangan taman koleksi biodiversitas tanaman potensi obat telah berjalan 3 tahapan proses pemberdayaan yaitu tahap penyadaran, pengkapasitasan dan tahap pendayaan. Secara umum Kelompok Wanita Tani Guyub Rukun telah berdaya ditunjukan dengan berjalannya taman koleksi biodiversitas tanaman potensi obat, terciptanya angkringan jamu dan terbentuknya Kelompok Tanaman Obat. Setiap stakeholder telah berkolaborasi dan bersinergi melalui peran dan dukungannya masing-masing untuk mendukung kesuksesan program. Dengan adanya peran dan dukungan stakeholder memberikan dampak positif terhadap keberlangsungan dan keberlanjutan program.
DETERMINAN EFFECTIVE TAX RATE PADA PERUSAHAAN CONSUMER GOODS DI INDONESIA STOCK EXCHANGE TAHUN 2015-2020
Authors: Pratiwi Rahayu , Gazali Masfar
Published: December 2022

Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk memperoleh bukti empiris mengenai penetapan tarif pajak efektif pada perusahaan Consumer Goods di Bursa Efek Indonesia tahun 2015-2020. Dalam penelitian ini variabel dependennya adalah tarif pajak efektif, sedangkan variabel independen yang digunakan adalah leverage, nilai perusahaan, dan profitabilitas. Leverage diukur dengan Debt to Equity Ratio, nilai perusahaan diukur dengan Price to Book Value, dan profitabilitas diukur dengan Return on Assets, dan tarif pajak efektif diukur dengan Tarif Pajak Efektif. Penelitian ini menggunakan data sekunder dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Populasi yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah 57 perusahaan Consumer Goods yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia. Sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah perusahaan barang konsumsi yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia tahun 2015-2020. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan metode purposive sampling dengan menggunakan kriteria tertentu yang telah ditetapkan oleh peneliti. Jumlah sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian adalah 25 perusahaan. Metode analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah analisis regresi data panel dengan menggunakan Eviews 9. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa leverage, nilai perusahaan, dan profitabilitas berpengaruh secara simultan terhadap tarif pajak efektif. Hasil secara parsial menunjukkan bahwa leverage tidak berpengaruh terhadap tarif pajak efektif, nilai perusahaan berpengaruh negatif terhadap tarif pajak efektif dengan nilai signifikansi -0.772283, sedangkan profitabilitas berpengaruh negatif terhadap tarif pajak efektif dengan nilai signifikansi sebesar -0,230612
PENGARUH PROFITABILITAS DAN UKURAN PERUSAHAAN TERHADAP PENGUNGKAPAN LINGKUNGAN PADA PERUSAHAAN PERTAMBANGAN YANG TERDAFTAR DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA (BEI) TAHUN 2016-2020
Authors: Utami Laren , Ningsih Endang Kusdiah , Hamdan Masamah
Published: December 2022

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh profitabilitas dan ukuran perusahaan terhadap pengungkapan lingkungan pada perusahaan pertambangan yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI) tahun 2016-2020. Dalam penelitian ini diukur dengan variabel profitabilitas dan ukuran perusahaan terhadap pengungkapan lingkungan. Purposive sampling digunakan sebagai metode dalam pengambilan sampel sebanyak 13 sampel. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah Statistical Product and Service Solutions 22. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa ukuran perusahaan berpengaruh positif terhadap pengungkapan lingkungan. Sedangkan profitabilitas tidak berpengaruh terhadap pengungkapan lingkungan.
The Development of Physical Diagnosis: Historical Perspectives
Authors: Lanzona Isaias A
Published: December 2022

The history of physical diagnosis started with Hippocrates and his school. History taking, inspection, palpation, and sometimes immediate auscultation and examination of the urine are fundamental diagnostic tools. The Hippocratic Corpus and Galen’s authoritative theoretical writings dominate medical thinking for over 1000 years. Clinical examination advances through Vesalius and Morgagni’s discoveries of human dissection (1543) and pathologic anatomy (1761) respectively. The Vienna school through Auenbrugger introduces percussion in 1760. The Paris school formally establishes physical diagnosis with the invention of the stethoscope by Laennec in 1816.
Improving Systems to Promote Research Integrity
Authors: Mercado-Asis Leilani B , Maglinao Ma. Lourdes D
Published: December 2022

Research integrity is manifested thru the use of honest and verifiable research methods with adherence to accepted professional codes. Recently, trustworthiness in research has been challenged by various forms of research misconduct, such as analytical flexibility, data dredging, HARKing (hypothesis after research knowledge), plagiarism, and selective and distorted reporting. Drivers of research misconduct have been identified as institutional--publication incentives to pursue a career, researcher--metric of success is publication volume, and the journal-- more likely to accept papers with positive. The open-access mode propelling the proliferation of predatory journals is causing a dilemma to sound research reporting. Measures were established to curtail research integrity challenges, such as study registration, open data, common reporting standards, a team of rivals, and blind analysis. This report will elaborate and provide insight into what influenced research misconduct, how it can be mitigated, and how to maintain a credible research environment.
Effectiveness of Combined Flipped and Classroom-based Instruction in Teaching Pulmonary Ultrasound to First-year Medical Students
Authors: Visperas Julie Christie G
Published: December 2022

Background and Objectives of the Study The study aimed to determine the effectiveness of combining flipped classroom on pulmonary ultrasound instruction in first-year medical students with traditional classroom-based instruction and compared it to traditional classroom-based instruction alone. The insights of the teachers and the students on the implementation of both interventions were also evaluated. Research Methodology This is a mixed qualitative (concurrent triangulated) and quantitative research. Baseline procedural knowledge and skills of a total of 282 students on the lung ultrasound scanning using pre-test 20-item summative test, multiple-choice question type of examination, and a pre-test narrative test on lung ultrasound were obtained. A post-intervention summative assessment and narrative test were administered. Statistical analyses were done to compare the scores. A thematic analysis was done to evaluate the responses to the survey. Results 138 students were randomly assigned to the classroom-based instruction group, while 144 students in the combined flipped and classroom-based instruction group. The number of students who passed the summative (MCQ) test and were given flipped classroom and classroom-based instruction increased (6.3% to 79.9%; p<0.001) and the number of students given classroom-based instruction only, significantly increased (4.3% to 79.9%; p<0.001). The number of students who passed the narrative test and were given flipped classroom and classroom-based instructions increased (2.1% to 84.0%; p<0.001) and the number of students given the classroom-based instruction only, also significantly increased (3.6% to 84.2%; p<0.001). The students appreciated the classroom-based instruction because of the knowledgeable facilitators, the very concise approach, that is understandable and done in real-time. In addition, the flipped classroom was likewise helpful and a good introduction before the classroom-based instruction. The facilitators have noticed that the ease in instruction was influenced by the student’s enthusiasm and willingness to learn. Conclusion Flipped classroom in addition to classroom-based instruction, and classroom based instruction were effective in teaching pulmonary ultrasound to First-year medical students Key words: flipped classroom, lung ultrasound, pulmonary ultrasound, medical school, medical students, medical education, blended classroom, classroom-based instruction, ultrasound, ultrasound medical education, video-based instruction
CONHECIMENTO E ATITUDES DOS ACADÊMICOS DE ODONTOLOGIA FRENTE AO ABUSO INFANTOJUVENIL
Authors: da Silva Medeiros Palloma , Ribeiro Monteiro de Figueiredo Tayná , Erton de Melo Pereira da Silva Ricardo , Pereira Brocos Pires Lívia , Batista Vieira de Lima Cláudia
Published: December 2022

INTRODUÇÃO: Os Cirurgiões-Dentistas são os profissionais com maior probabilidade de associar os sinais e sintomas frente ao abuso infantojuvenil, pela presença de mais da metade das lesões ocasionadas pelo abuso se encontrarem na região de cabeça e pescoço. Apesar disso, muitos profissionais não têm afinidade com o assunto. Dessa forma, o objetivo desse estudo foi investigar o conhecimento e atitudes dos acadêmicos de Odontologia quanto ao diagnóstico das lesões decorrentes de abuso infanto-juvenil, e da correta conduta diante do caso. MÉTODO: A pesquisa foi aprovada pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa do Centro Universitário Santa Maria, com parecer número 5728.556. Tratou-se de um estudo transversal quantitativo, com dados colhidos por meio da utilização de um questionário autogerenciado, aplicado por meio da plataforma Google Forms, difundido através da técnica metodológica de Snow Ball. Foi realizada a análise estatística descritiva, objetivando caracterizar a amostra para determinar associação entre perfil dos graduandos e conhecimento sobre o diagnóstico de abuso infantojuvenil e atitude frente ao caso. RESULTADOS: 62,2% (n=28) receberam conhecimento sobreabuso infantojuvenil, sendo 42,2% (n=19) na grade curricular Odontopediatria. Desses, 40% (n=18) adquiriram esse conhecimento de forma presencial. Embora 88,9% (n=40) dos participantes consideraram muitíssimo relevante a denúncia, apenas 4,4% (n=2) se acham muito capazes de conduzir o caso, e 48,9% (n=22) sentem dificuldade em conduzir o episódio por medo da reação dos pais ou responsáveis. Por fim, apenas 17,8% (n=8) reconhece a ficha de notificação de violência, suspeita ou comprovação de maus-tratos contra crianças e adolescentes. CONCLUSÃO: Observou-se que houve conhecimento parcialmente adequado dos acadêmicos de Odontologia acerca do abuso infantojuvenil, em que a maioria dos pesquisados apontou os principais sinais e sintomas, e que se faz relevantes estudos mais aprofundados sobre esta temática.

Palavras-chave: Odontologia legal; Maus-Tratos infantil; Notificação de abuso; Responsabilidade social.
REABILITAÇÃO DE DENTES ANTERIORES COM MATERIAIS E TÉCNICAS MINIMAMENTE INVASIVAS: REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA DE LITERATURA
Authors: Licia Trajano da Silva Ana , Nunes Fernandes Alexandre , Vidianne Lacerda Duarte Smirna , Lopes Drumond Clarissa , Erton de Melo Pereira da Silva Ricardo , Costa de Holanda Rafaela
Published: December 2022

OBJETIVO: Descrever os principais tipos de restaurações estéticas da odontologia moderna (facetas diretas e indiretas), detalhando sua indicação, bem como suas vantagens e desvantagens. O estudo foi desenvolvido por meio de uma revisão integrativa da literatura. O levantamento bibliográfico foi realizado entre os meses de julho e dezembro de 2022. Foram selecionados artigos publicados nas bases de dados eletrônicas PubMed, SciELO, LILACS e BVS, utilizando os seguintes descritores: facetas dentárias; estética dentária; materiais dentários; reabilitação bucal que, por meio do operador booleano AND, foram combinados os descritores entre si. Foram incluídos artigos originais dos últimos 5 anos, disponíveis na íntegra, publicados nos idiomas português, inglês e espanhol. Os textos foram analisados na íntegra, e, em seguida, sintetizados, contemplando as informações necessárias sobre o tema em questão. A apresentação dos dados foi realizada de forma descritiva, e a discussão baseada em fontes da literatura que abordaram o mesmo tema. RESULTADOS: Após aplicados os critérios de seleção, foram incluídos 6 estudos nesta revisão. Verificou-se a evolução da odontologia restauradora minimamente invasiva, e a alta busca por um sorriso harmônico. Os resultados encontrados demonstram que há uma boa aceitação das técnicas de mínima intervenção, aliadas com materiais biomiméticos, contribui para alcançar um sorriso com dentes mais estéticos, funcionais e saudáveis. CONCLUSÃO: De acordo com os estudos desta revisão, podemos considerar que, quando bem indicadas e executadas, as restaurações estéticas diretas e indiretas, em dentes anteriores, apresentam um alto índice de sucesso clínico em longo prazo, e resultados satisfatórios quanto à estética e função.

Palavras-chave: Facetas Dentárias; Estética Dentária; Materiais Dentários; Reabilitação Bucal.