bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evolutionary ancient roles of serotonin: long-lasting regulation of activity and development
Authors: Turlejski Krzysztof
Published: December 2023

Biogenic monoamines (catecholamines, indoleamines and histamine) are evolutionary old and important modulators of long-lasting changes in the functional state of cells. They are found in many protozoans and in almost all metazoans. Monoamines preserve their evolutionary old functions (first of all being intracellular signals and later hormones and growth factors) even in those animals in which they acquired the function of neurotransmitter. The older functions of serotonin, an important member of the family of indoleamines, are reviewed here. Described are: presence of serotonin in organisms at various phylogenetic levels; its role in embryonal, foetal and postnatal development, especially in the development of the central nervous system. It is concluded that in none of these functions serotonin is the only factor, but it is an ubiquitous and important modulator of a vast array of processes and functions taking part in development and plasticity.
Polymorphism of gonadotropin action; molecular mechanisms and clinical implications
Authors: Huhtaniemi Ilpo
Published: December 2023

Various structural alterations of gonadotropins and their receptors (R) contribute to the polymorphism of gonadotropin action. One reason is the microheterogeneity of gonadotropins due to variations in the degree of their glycosylation. This alters the intrinsic bioactivity of gonadotropins, as reflected by changes in their bioactivity to immunoreactivity ratios in various physiological and clinical conditions. We have reassesses this phenomenon by improved in vitro bioassay and immunoassay methods, and it appears that the intrinsic bioactivity of gonadotropins, in particular of LH, is more constant than previously demonstrated. The second part of this chapter deals with a common polymorphism that was recently discovered in the gene of the LH beta-subunit. The variant LHbeta allele contains two point mutations, both altering the amino acid sequence (Trp8Arg and Ile15Thr), the latter one in addition introduces a new glycosylation signal to the LHbeta peptide. The variant seems to represent an evolutionary early form of LH, being structurally closer to hCG than wild-type LH. The LH variant is common world-wide, with the carrier frequency varying from 28% in Finland to 7.5% in North American Hispanics. The LH variant differs functionally from wild-type LH, and it seems to predispose the carriers to mild aberrations of reproductive function. The third section summarizes our findings on the first mutation of the FSHR gene. This inactivating missense mutation is located in the gene sequence encoding the extracellular domain of the FSHR (Ala189Val). The mutated receptor protein is apparently incorrectly folded and devoid of biological activity. The mutation explains about 50% of the hereditary form of hypergonadotropic ovarian dysgenesis in the Finnish population.
Responses in the hypothalamic monoaminergic system activity in ewes to beta-endorphin, CRF and their antagonists
Authors: Przekop Franciszek , Tomaszewska Dorota
Published: December 2023

This article reviews data concerning the action of opioidergic and monoaminergic system on LHRH secretion. Generally, in anestrous ewes beta-endorphin and/or corticoliberin significantly change extracellular concentrations of monoamine metabolites in the MBH-ME, but in estrous ewes both beta-endorphin and CRF alters also dopamine, noradrenaline and serotonin levels. Responses of catecholaminergic and serotoninergic system in the MBH-ME to naloxone or CRF-antagonist depend, to a large degree, on the phase of reproduction. In anestrous ewes subjected to stressful stimuli an opiate receptor blocker, naloxone, and CRF-antagonist attenuate the stress ­induced activity of catecholaminergic and serotoninergic system in the MBH-ME; in non-stressed animals they suppress only serotoninergic system activity in this structure. No clear explanation can be offered now for either differences in response of catecholaminergic and serotoninergic system in the MBH to beta-endorphin and CRF in various periods of reproduction or for differences in the responses of these systems to CRF antagonist and naloxone in non-stressed and stressed ewes. It has been suggested that the responses in monoaminergic system activity are highly dependent upon the physiological state of the animal and that beta-endorphin and corticoliberin may indirectly modulate LHRH and other hypothalamic hormone secretion by monoaminergic systems.
The central oxytocin pulse generator: a pacemaker for the ovarian cycle
Authors: McCracken John , Custer Edward , Eldering Joyce , Robinson Alan
Published: December 2023

During luteolysis in sheep, episodic pulses of oxytocin (OT), contributed by the neurohypophysis and the corpus luteum (CL), stimulate uterine luteolytic pulses of prostaglandin (PG) F2alpha via endometrial OT receptors. To distinguish relative contributions of neurohypophysial and luteal OT, ovariectomized sheep were given estradiol-17beta (E) and progesterone (P) to simulate levels during the cycle. In intact sheep, luteectomy was performed to exclude the CL as a source of OT and to initiate P withdrawal. In ovariectomized sheep, E (1 micrograms/h for 12 to 36 h) superimposed on basal E (0.05 micrograms/h), caused a series of 4 to 6 episodes of high frequency pulses of OT, each episode lasting 1 to 2 h at intervals of 3 h, and commencing at 24 h. Withdrawal of P (500 micrograms/h), superimposed on basal E in ovariectomized sheep, or luteectomy in intact sheep, evoked similar episodes of high frequency pulses of OT beginning at 24 h. We conclude that (1) an increase in E levels, or the return of E action following P withdrawal, causes intermittent increases in the frequency of the central OT pulse generator. (2) high frequency pulses of OT initiate subluteolytic levels of uterine PGF2alpha which trigger a supplemental release of luteal OT; (3) luteal OT amplifies the secretion of uterine PGF2alpha which initiates luteolysis and causes more luteal OT to be secreted; and (4) in addition to the established hypothalamic-anterior pituitary-gonadal axis for initiating the ovarian cycle (via the gonadotrophins), there is now evidence for a hypothalamic-posterior pituitary-gonadal axis for terminating the ovarian cycle (via OT).
Spatial organization of receptive fields of cats. Hippocampal visually driven neurones
Authors: Harutiunian-Kozak Bella , Hekimiau Armenui , Kazarian Anahit , Kozak Ashot , Dec Krystyna
Published: December 2023

According to the spatial configurations of receptive fields two broad groups of neurones in dorsal hippocampal region (RR) were distinguished. The receptive field borders of 22 cells have regular (R) smooth contours (squares or rectangles), usually with a horizontally oriented longitudinal axis. The second group was composed of neurones (20 cells) with irregular (IR) configurations of receptive fields. Some neurones (16 cells) of this group had relatively simple spatial configurations of receptive fields and 4 neurones had receptive fields with more intricate spatial configurations which formed complex geometrical shapes in the visual field. The exploration of the distribution of response properties a to stationary flashing spot over the RF surface revealed that the majority of cells with regular receptive fields have heterogeneous stationary structure with ON, ON-OFF and OFF subregions sequentially located in the receptive field, and these neurones, as a rule, were direction-sensitive. The neurones with irregular receptive fields, on the other hand, had a rather homogeneous structure of RFs when tested by a stationary flashing spot and only four neurones of 20 investigated were directionally sensitive.
Ischemia-related alteration of GABAA-operated chloride channel properties in gerbil hippocampus and cerebral cortex
Authors: Strosznajder Joanna , Koładkiewicz Izabela , Chalimoniuk Małgorzata , Samochocki Marek
Published: December 2023

The properties of GABA-gated chloride (Cl-) channels in ischemia-reperfusion injury were studied by determination of the binding and dissociation kinetics of a specific Cl- channel ligand, tert-butylbicyclophosphoro[35S]thionate (TBPS) and by determination of 36CTl- uptake in the presence of the GABAA receptor agonist, muscimol. Four days after ischemia a small but insignificant decrease of [35S]TBPS binding to synaptic plasma membranes (SPM) was observed in the hippocampus and cerebral cortex as compared to control. The effect of ischemia was larger and statistically significant after the first and second month of reperfusion, constituting 20% inhibition of [35S]TBPS binding to SPM of sham-operated gerbils. On the other hand, the half-life of fast phase [35S]TBPS dissociation four days after ischemia was markedly diminished by about 40%–50% as compared to its control value and persisted during the first and second month of reperfusion in the hippocampal SPM. A similar but less potent reduction of the half-life of the fast phase of [35S]TBPS dissociation (about 30% versus control) appeared one and two months after ischemia in cerebral cortex SPM. One month after ischemia muscimol-stimulated 36Cl- uptake into cerebral cortex synaptoneurosomes was lowered as compared with control uptake, but remained statistically insignificant in the whole range of muscimol concentrations tested. Our results indicated that ischernia-reperfusion injury significantly decreases opening time of GABAA receptor-gated Cl- channels in the hippocampus and cerebral cortex, which may lower the hyperpolarization ability of this receptor complex leading to an imbalance between excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitter pathways in these brain areas, and in consequence to neuronal dysfunction or degeneration.
Projections of laminae IV-VI neurones located in the S2 segment of the spinal cord to the C6 segment and the cerebellum in the cat
Authors: Mrówczyński Włodzimierz , Grottel Kazimierz , Krutki Piotr
Published: December 2023

Ascending projections of neurones of the second sacral segment (S2) of the spinal cord to the sixth cervical segment (C6) and to the cerebellum were electrophysiologically investigated in eight adult cats under alpha-chloralose anaesthesia. Antidromic potentials recorded from 44 neurones following stimulation of their axons in the grey matter of the C6 segment as well as in the contralateral restiform body (coRB) showed evidence of both supraspinal and propriospinal projections. About one third of neurones (15) ascended to the cerebellum through the coRB and gave off collaterals to the C6 segment, while the rest (29) terminated exclusively at the level of the C6 segment. The cell bodies were found mainly in central parts of Rexed' s laminae IV, V and VI while axons ran in lateral funiculi. Axonal conduction velocities measured between S2 and C6 segments were in the range of 42–78 m/s. A decrease of conduction velocity above the Th13 and C6 segments was found in most axons suggesting that they give some collaterals at spinal as well as supraspinal levels.
On the development of inhibition of delay by rats of the Syracuse High- and Low-Avoidance strains
Authors: Brush F. , Gendron Claire
Published: December 2023

Male and female of the Syracuse strains received 60 trials of avoidance training in a two-way shuttlebox at 90 days of age. Approximately one month later they received additional training at the rate of 30 trials per day for 11 days (330 trials), during which acquisition of inhibition of delay was studied. Animals of the Syracuse High Avoidance (SHA/Bru) strain reached an asymptote of nearly 100% of avoidance responses (AVRs) by trial of 30 of original training, whereas those of a Low Avoidance (SLA/Bru) strain remained at nearly 0 AVRs. During subsequent extended training the SHA/Bru animals remained at 95–100% AVRs. By the end of extended training males of the SLA/Bru strain had approached 40% AVRs, the females 25% AVRs. SHA/Bru animals of both sexes showed a progressive increase in the relative frequency of long latency AVRs, indicating the development of inhibition of delay. In contrast, animals of the SLA/Bru strain, especially the males, showed a progressive increase in the relative frequency of short latency AVRs, presumably reflecting the continued acquisition of the avoidance response. These results are interpreted in terms of two-process theory of avoidance learning and in terms of the development of temporal conditioning or learning as a result of differential extinction of conditioned fear.
Phosphorylation of Protein Kinase C substrate proteins in rat hippocampal slices – effect of calpain inhibition
Authors: Domańska-Janik Krystyna , Zabłocka Barbara , Zalewska Teresa , Zając Halina
Published: December 2023

Incubation of the acutely dissected rat hippocampal slices in calcium-containing media resulted in spontaneous activation-translocation of classical PKC isoforms and their subsequent (especially gamma-type) proteolytic degradation. These changes were blocked by calpain inhibitor MDL 28 170 in 100 microM concentration. Rat hippocampal slices were metabolically prelabelled with 32Pi and stimulated with NMDA/glycine, depolarization or phorbol dibutyrate (PDBu) treatment. The basal phosphorylation of specific PKC substrates (MARCKS, neuromodulin and neurogranin) was significantly reduced in non-stimulated slices by MDL pretreatment. In contrast, only the slices where calpain activity was inhibited responded to further NMDA or phorbol dibutyrate stimulation by a substantial increase of PKC-dependent protein phosphorylation. It is concluded that the PKC phosphorylation system is severely affected by non-specific activation and a subsequent, calpain-dependent proteolysis in the acutely prepared hippocampal slices. Calpain inhibition by 100 microM MDL partially prevented these changes and increased stimulus-dependent phosphorylation of PKC-specific protein substrates.
Synaptic excitation of principal cells in the cat's lateral geniculate nucleus during focal epileptic seizures in the visual cortex
Authors: Wróbel Andrzej , Hedström Anders , Lindström Sivert
Published: December 2023

Principal cells of the lateral geniculate nucleus are intensely activated during focal seizures in the visual cortex. The intracellular recordings technique from geniculate cells was used to show that this activity is induced by a strong excitatory synaptic input from discharging cortico-geniculate neurones in layer 6 of the cortex.
Effect of experimental setting on learning and performance of Auditory Delayed Matching-to-Sample task in dogs
Authors: Kuśmierek Paweł , Kowalska Danuta
Published: December 2023

Twelve dogs were trained in a new task for auditory recognition memory: auditory Delayed Matching-to-Sample (DMS). The animals were tested in two experimental settings using approach (Setting 1) or bar-press (Setting 2) responses. At the early stages of training, the learning took more trials in Setting 2, which was caused by different instrumental response and/or different relationship among manipulanda, stimuli, and reward in these two settings. The performance of the final task did not differ between settings and showed a gradual decline with extended delays. No differences were found in responding patterns or in dynamics of learning. Therefore, we conclude that the auditory DMS, trained in either setting, offers a valuable and reliable tool for studies of neural substrate of auditory recognition memory. The detailed analyses of the dogs' behaviour will allow to evaluate the subtle effects of experimental manipulations in future experiments, and for many reasons the data obtained from these two settings may be combined in further analyses.
KONSEKUENSI BAGI DEBITOR YANG TIDAK MENGAJUKAN RENCANA PERDAMAIAN DALAM PROSES PENUNDAAN KEWAJIBAN PEMBAYARAN UTANG
Authors: Aidhya Diory Amamie Marpaung  , Akhmad Budi Cahyono
Published: December 2023

A settlement offer in the process of suspension of debt payment obligation is in principle given to convince creditors that the debtor has the desire to settle their debts. When the debtor is in an unstable condition and feels unable to pay his debts, the law provides the debtor with the opportunity for the debt payment obligation to be suspended and provide a settlement offer for their creditors, which is regulated in Article 222 paragraph (2) of the Law No. 37 of 2004. However, in practice, it turns out some debtors do not use this opportunity to provide a settlement offer, in which case the Law No. 37 of 2004 does not explicitly regulate the legal consequences. This is the focus of this research by reviewing and discussing several jurisprudence/judge decisions with different legal considerations to see what the legal consequences are if the Debtor does not submit a settlement offer.
Corporate digital transformation:
Authors: Lara Jose Edson , Batista Alisson de Souza , Ribeiro Rodrigo Medeiros , Tissot-Lara Thalles Augusto
Published: December 2023

Purpose of the study: To analyze the configuration of the status quo of digital transformation in a sample of organizations, through the model application proposed by Rogers (2017).
Methodology: It consisted of a quantum study in 2022 with 159 Brazilian companies, whose analysis was performed by modeling structural equations.
Originality/Relevance: Studies on the evolution of organizations in various contexts are of paramount importance for the establishment and implementation of actions, creating possibilities for continuous improvements in corporate environments. Thus, it is essential that analyzes on the boundaries of knowledge and executive realities in business scenarios are increasingly necessary for decision making in corporate daily life. Under this premise, and observing the phenomenon of digital transformation, this article developed,
Main Results: Significant adherence of the variables of the model was found to explain the digital transformation process experienced by the surveyed companies. Innovation and customer orientation activities were the most significant constructs of digital transformation, while the orientation for competition and data quality explained to a lesser extent, although the orientation for value creation was not statistically significant.
Theoretical/Methodological Contributions: The theme is emerging in the literature, and the vast majority of studies address it in the logic of reports and corporate courses. The resulting contributions of empirical research are still scarce. This work aims to offer a deeper and more timely speaker on this important theme.
Social Contributions/Management Contributions: It is intended to contribute with critical and dense content to organizational analysis and decision-making, especially those of the competitive environment.
Artefatos para o gerenciamento de recursos em instituições de ensino superior
Authors: Barbosa Leite Diogo , Santos da Cruz Silvana , De Vasconcellos Sílvio Luís
Published: December 2023

Objetivo do estudo: Propor um conjunto de artefatos que auxilie gestores de Instituições de Ensino Superior (IES) na minimização das dificuldades relacionadas ao gerenciamento de recursos ligados ao desenvolvimento tecnológico.
Metodologia/abordagem: Pesquisa qualitativa realizada a partir de estudo de caso único no Instituto Federal de Mato Grosso (IFMT). Os dados foram coletados a partir de documentos, questionários e entrevistas com servidores e participantes externos. O desenvolvimento dos artefatos recebeu financiamento do IFMT, em razão da execução de dois projetos de pesquisa aplicada realizados durante os anos de 2019 e 2021.
Originalidade/Relevância: A pesquisa contribui para a Orquestração de Recursos, ao oportunizar uma compreensão de como os artefatos podem minimizar as dificuldades enfrentadas por gestores de IES no gerenciamento de recursos relacionados ao desenvolvimento tecnológico.
Principais resultados: Os recursos relacionados ao desenvolvimento tecnológico, tais como propriedades intelectuais, projetos de desenvolvimento e competências individuais dos pesquisadores do IFMT não estavam catalogados, o que dificulta a formação de parcerias para atender as demandas de atores externos.
Contribuições para gestão: Os artefatos propostos possibilitam às IES o reforço no cumprimento de uma de suas finalidades, sendo ferramentas escaláveis, replicáveis e com potenciais efeitos econômicos, que servem para minimizar as dificuldades dos gestores no gerenciamento de recursos relacionados ao desenvolvimento tecnológico.
Educação e Pandemia
Authors: Pereira de Sousa Rosangela , Leal de Carvalho Raquel
Published: December 2023

Partindo do cenário educacional proporcionado pela pandemia de COVID-19, esta pesquisa suscita algumas reflexões sobre os desafios do ensino de Língua Portuguesa durante o período de aulas remotas. Para isso, embasou-se em autores como Antunes (2003), Morin (2009), Moran (2000), Silva (2002), entre outros. Como metodologia, adotou-se uma pesquisa de campo, mediante abordagem qualitativa, visto que as pesquisadoras observaram as aulas de Língua Portuguesa, em turmas do Ensino Médio, em uma escola estadual, da cidade de Teresina-PI. Constatou-se a dificuldade dos alunos e professores em manusear aplicativos como Google Meet etc; os obstáculos enfrentados pelo docente de Língua Portuguesa ao buscar centralizar o ensino no texto, além de encontrar-se em posição que requeria o desenvolvimento de estratégias didático-pedagógicas; ademais, os discentes, nas aulas remotas, tiveram aprendizagem deficitária. Observou-se, portanto, a complexidade do ensinar e aprender e a necessidade de adaptação e de superação por parte dos docentes e discentes.
PERSEBARAN BANGUNAN DAM DI BALI PADA ABAD KE-20
Authors: Si Gede Bandem Kamandalu  , I Wayan Wardi  , Coleta Palupi Titasari
Published: December 2023

The Ethical Politics implemented by the Dutch at the beginning of the 20th century was an effort made to "give back" to the Indonesian State. Bali, as a Dutch colony, was also influenced by the policies of this political system. The construction of the dam is one of the things that indicates this. This research was conducted to answer what factors influenced the Dutch in building a dam, and whether there was a connection with irrigation activities carried out by pre-colonial Balinese society. The research method used in this research is a qualitative method, this method prioritizes comprehensive observation of a phenomenon. Primary data to answer these problems was obtained through a process of literature study, interviews, and observation. The data that has been collected is then processed using contextual and descriptive-qualitative analysis. Cultural ecology theory and location theory are also used in this research to assist the author in interpreting phenomena found in the field. The results of this research show that there are several factors that influence the construction of a dam, namely ecological factors, and cultural sustainability. This means that in building a dam the Dutch colonial government still paid attention to the pre-colonial Subak civilization.
PERBANDINGAN PENGGAMBARAN TOKOH HANUMAN PADA RELIEF CANDI MASA HINDU-BUDDHA (9-15 M)
Authors: Adwina Radila , Jauharatna Katrynada , Mahmud M. Irfan
Published: December 2023

Kajian ini berupaya memberikan gambaran bagaimana perkembangan tokoh Hanuman yang ada pada relief masa Hindu-Buddha. Tokoh Hanuman muncul dalam cerita Ramayana yang dipahatkan pada beberapa candi di Pulau Jawa, antara lain Candi Prambanan, Candi Panataran, Candi Yudha, dan Candi Sukuh. Hanuman bukanlah tokoh utama dalam cerita namun, dapat dianggap sebagai salah satu tokoh yang penting. Dalam cerita Ramayana, Hanuman diperlihatkan tidak hanya memiliki kesaktian fisik namun juga kekuatan magis. Bahkan statusnya menjadi lebih tinggi menjelang masa akhir Hindu-Buddha sehingga banyak ditemukan penggambarannya pada relief dan arca. Awalnya penggambaran Hanuman hanya berupa seekor kera seperti manusia yang tidak mengenakan hiasan ataupun pakaian. Masa selanjutnya, Hanuman digambarkan dengan hiasan yang raya dan ciri atribut lain yang menggambarkan kualitas dirinya. Visualisasinya dalam relief digambarkan berbeda-beda berdasarkan konsep ajaran keagaaman yang dipraktikan pada masing-masing candi. Kajian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif-analitis terhadap ciri atribut tokoh Hanuman pada relief dan komparasinya satu sama lain.
POLA ASUH ORANG TUA KETURUNAN ETNIS TIONGHOA DALAM MEMBERIKAN PENGARAHAN KEPADA GENERASI BERIKUTNYA DI KABUPATEN CIAMIS
Authors: Shanti Desril Riva , Riadi Indra , Saeful Bahri Arif
Published: December 2023

Ethnic Chinese are a minority community group in Ciamis. Its existence can be seen through the inheritance of existing culture. However, not all Ethnic Chinese families carry out cultural inheritance as they should. This is related to the differences in parenting patterns applied by each family. The purpose of this study is to determine the parenting patterns of ethnic Chinese parents in Ciamis. The method in this research is a qualitative research method. The concept used is the concept of culture according to Koentjaraningrat, that society is a complex system consisting of parts that are interconnected and dependent on each other, and each part has a significant effect on the other parts. The results showed that there are three types of parenting patterns: democratic, authoritarian, and permissive. In this study, it was found that totok Chinese families tend to use authoritarian parenting, while lower middle class peranakan Chinese families tend to use permissive parenting, and upper middle class peranakan Chinese families use democratic parenting.
Analisis Image Processing pada Prasasti Teroksidasi Ayam Téas I
Authors: Rahayu Andriyati , Andi mustari Asril pramutadi , Amir Baliana
Published: December 2023

The Ayam Téas I inscription is one of the ancient inscriptions in Indonesia. Currently, the condition of the inscription has undergone natural degradation, causing the letters and the written message to become more difficult to read. Among the natural forms of degradation are corrosion and erosion. One method that can be used to address this problem is by utilizing image processing technology in the form of imageJ software. The analysis process involves capturing images using a camera and then processing the images using imageJ software. This software provides a mode that can remove unnecessary colors due to lighting, allowing some of the writings on the Ayam Téas I inscription to become more visible.
Keywords: imageJ; prasasti; Ayam Téas I; histogram; grayscale
Disciplinary custodial penalty under Article 49 1 of the act of 27th July 2001 law on the common courts system as an isolation coercive measure used in the criminal process
Authors: Kala Dariusz
Published: December 2023

Legal coercion is framed by certain norms. It takes an institutionalized form, while its use is legal and under social control. Unlawful coercion, on the other hand, is characterized by illegality (it is not based on the existing legal order). Legal coercion can be reduced to physical (physical coercion) or psychological (mental coercion) influence. The disciplinary custodial penalty is a means of legal coercion and is the most severe. This measure is classically isolationist, depriving the punished person of personal (locomotive) freedom. The behavior for which it is possible to impose the indicated disciplinary penalty boils down to a violation by the guilty person of the solemnity, peace or order of court activities. Its application serves the realization of procedural functions, which, on the grounds of criminal proceedings, should be reduced primarily to the realization of the conditions for a substantively correct (Article 2 1 point 1 of the Code of Criminal Procedure) and time-focused (Article 2 1 point 4 of the Code of Criminal Procedure, Article 45 paragraph 1 of the Constitution of the Republic of Poland) final resolution of the case being tried. Since the disciplinary penalty of Article 49 1 of the Act of 27th July 2001 Law on the common courts system, in its isolation form, is a measure that harms such a fundamental good as personal freedom, its adjudication should be carried out with due moderation and caution. In contrast, the very size of this extraordinarily troublesome disciplinary penalty must consider the nature of the offense (which, as a rule, has a significant burden of social harmfulness), the personal conditions of the punished person and the degree of guilt.
HIV EM IDOSOS: UMA ABORDAGEM GERAL
Authors: Vergara Antonio Gabriel , Ferreira Kátia Cristina Barbosa , Silva Wemerson Matheus Matos , Bordignon Ana Carolina Gatto , Da Silva Juliane Braga , De Freitas Amanda Luppi Goldner , Braga João Lucas Watrin , Coelho Hanna Buge Braun , De Ananias Maria da Guia Damasceno , De Araújo Alex Duarte
Published: December 2023

A infecção pelo Vírus da Imunodeficiência Humana (HIV) tem sido historicamente associada a uma população mais jovem. No entanto, a prevalência do HIV em idosos tem aumentado, apresentando desafios únicos devido às características específicas dessa faixa etária. Este estudo tem como objetivo realizar uma revisão integrativa da literatura para compreender a situação atual do HIV em idosos. Pretende-se investigar as características epidemiológicas, fatores de risco, desafios no diagnóstico e tratamento, bem como as consequências psicossociais associadas à infecção por HIV nessa população. A revisão integrativa será conduzida por meio de busca sistemática em bases de dados científicas, como PubMed, Scopus e Web of Science. Serão incluídos estudos publicados nos últimos dez anos que abordem o HIV em idosos. A análise compreenderá aspectos epidemiológicos, clínicos, psicossociais e de políticas de saúde relacionadas ao tema. Os resultados visam oferecer uma visão abrangente da situação atual do HIV em idosos, destacando a prevalência, os fatores de risco específicos para essa faixa etária, as barreiras ao diagnóstico precoce e os desafios no manejo clínico. As considerações finais abordarão as principais descobertas da revisão, destacaram lacunas no conhecimento e oferecerão insights para orientar intervenções e pesquisas futuras. A importância de estratégias de prevenção, diagnóstico precoce e suporte social será discutida em relação aos idosos vivendo com HIV.
English additional language student teachers’ development of oral strategic competence and confidence during lectures
Authors: Meyers Rozanne
Published: December 2023

This paper argues that when student teachers use English, their additional language as a tool of learning interaction during lectures, it influences their oral strategic and discourse competence and confidence, negatively and positively. Within the qualitative approach an interpretive framework is adopted using two data collection tools, namely drawings and unstructured interviews. Drawings illustrated how participants perceived themselves during lectures when they had to use English during oral interaction with lecturers and fellow students. Unstructured interviews were conducted after participants completed their drawings. The raw data from the two tools were analysed using a thematic approach. The analysis found that collaborating with fellow students in making meaning of oral communication during lectures, increased students’ oral competence and their confidence because they were communicating in smaller groups. However, in certain situations, collaborating with students also decreased their confidence. Furthermore, reciprocal facial expressions and the body language of those who engaged orally with the student teachers, increased their oral confidence as it served as an indication to them that they were understood. Based on the findings, recommendations are made regarding interactions during lectures for lecturers and lecturing practice in relation to its effects on the development of oral strategic competence and confidence in student teachers.
ASSESSMENT OF OILFIELD EQUIPMENT RELIABILITY CHARACTERISTICS AND DECISION-MAKING UNDER UNCERTAINTY
Authors:   Yessenov University, Karazhanova Maral , G. Moghanloo Rouzbeh ,   University of Oklahoma, Piriverdiyev I.A. ,   Institute of Oil and Gas under the Ministry of Education of Azerbaijan
Published: December 2023

Abstract. The article is devoted to the results of information analysis and the establishment of the relationship between factors affecting the reliability of oilfield equipment using a fuzzy clustering algorithm. One of the main tasks of oilfield practice is to assess the influence of various factors on the efficiency of field operation and make the right technological decisions. The reliability of estimates and decisions is determined by how reliably the input and output variables and their values are selected. Situations often arise when, given the same data, fundamentally different results are obtained. To find specific expressions of these dependencies and the parameters characterizing them, in particular, methods of statistical data processing are used. As a result of the analysis of the causes of failures of deep-well pumps, factors influencing the efficiency of the pump in the fields under consideration were identified and subjected to fuzzy cluster analysis, which allows us to gain an understanding of the influence of selected factors on efficiency indicators under conditions of uncertainty. A relationship was obtained between the input and output variables, which can be expressed by a fuzzy expression of the IF-THEN rule. Keywords: reliability, liquid flow rate, turnaround time, fuzzy set theory, fuzzy cluster analysis.
THE INFLUENCE OF Рh OF THE ENVIRONMENT ON SOIL STABILITY
Authors:   Yessenov University, Bussurmanova Akkenzhe
Published: December 2023

Abstract. In world practice, the process of structure formation of mineral dispersions with polymers is one of the effective methods for solving many environmental problems. Patent research over the past 15 years has shown that the developments available in this area relate mainly to the structure formation of soils and soils with salts of low molecular weight substances and polymers. The main disadvantages of modern structure formers are the high salt content in the polycomplex formulation, insufficient water resistance, low aggregation ability and unsatisfactory adhesive properties. Soil particles having a diameter of 12 microns, in the pH range 10.0 - 3.0, the soil suspension should be practically stable, since the value of the energy barrier significantly exceeds the energy of thermal movement of the particles and is 166 kT (pH 10.0), 125 kT (pH 8.0), 63 kT (pH 6.0) and 41kT (pH 5.0). A further decrease in pH leads to a natural decrease in the barrier, which at pH 4.0 is 6 kT, and completely disappears at pH 3.0. Thus, for a fraction of a soil suspension with a diameter less than 12 µm, noticeable coagulation can be observed at pH £ 4.0. It is easy to show that larger soil particles with a diameter of 30-33 microns should be practically aggregatively stable even at pH 3.0, since the energy barrier in this case is 10-15 kT. When interacting with the smallest particles (a = 1 μm), the energy barrier values are: 44 kT (pH 10.0), 28 kT (pH 8.0), 18 kT (pH 6.0), 7 kT (pH 5.0) and 2 kT (pH 4.0) and only for these particles at pH < 4.0 can one expect a noticeable loss of aggregation stability by the dispersion. However, the experiment shows that significant coagulation of particles occurs already at pH 5.0 and continuously increases as the pH decreases. Key words: structure-forming agent; soil; flocculation; coagulation; interaction energy; optical density; potentiometric titration; electrophoretic mobility.
Legal Compliance Conditions of Medical Laboratory Sevices in Health Law
Authors: Yalçın Nurcan Çetin
Published: December 2023

Laboratuvar testlerinin klinik karar vermede yaygın olarak kullanıldığı ve dolayısıyla hasta bakımında güçlü rol oynadığı kabul edilmektedir. Laboratuvar testlerinin klinik kararlar üzerindeki bu güçlü etkisi, tıbbi laboratuvarlar üzerinde büyük bir baskı oluşturarak, testlerin aşırı kullanımına ve kanıta dayalı uygulamaların ihlal edilmesine yol açmaktadır. Tıbbi laboratuvar hizmetlerinin hukuka uygun yürütülebilmesi için dört temel şartın gerçekleşmiş olması gerekir. Hukuki açıdan yetkili kişilerce gerçekleştirilmesi, hukuken öngörülmüş amaçlara yönelik olması, tıp bilimi bakımından kabul görmüş ilke ve kurallara uygun olması ve aydınlatılmış hastanın rızasının bulunması gerekmektedir. Bu yazıda, tıbbi laboratuvar hizmetlerinin hukuka uygun sürdürülebilmesi için uyulması gereken bu koşullar incelenmiştir.
Նոր դիտարկումներ Հայաստանի երկյարկ գմբէթաւոր կառոյցների ճարտարապետական առանձնայատկութիւնների շուրջ
Authors: ԳՐԻԳՈՐՅԱՆ ՏԻԳՐԱՆ
Published: December 2023

Данное исследование посвящено истории двухэтажных купольных сооружений, которые встречаются в армянской архитектуре XII—XIV веков, их происхождению, конструктивным и функциональным особенностям. Наше исследование основано не только на изобразительных деталях памятников, но и на археологических и источниковых данных, которые позволяют по-новому понять реальные мотивы и архитектурные формы создания двухэтажных купольных сооружений. По нашему мнению, двухэтажные купольные сооружения не являлись просто церквями или гробницами, как предполагают армянские и зарубежные специалисты. Наши наблюдения показывают, что это были отдельные реликварии, в которых были собраны мощи святых, мучеников или известных христианских реликвий (например, реликвия Креста Иисуса Христа), имеющих чудодейственную силу и сакральное значение.
This study is dedicated to investigating the historical aspects of two-storey domed constructions present in Armenian architectural designs from the 12th to the 14th centuries. Our research focuses on exploring the origins of these structures, as well as examining their constructional and functional complexities. Our research relies not only on descriptive information derived from the monuments themselves, but also on archaeological and medieval source materials. These sources enable us to gain fresh and new insights into the underlying motives behind the creation of two-storey domed structures and their architectural characteristics. Contrary to the prevailing opinions of Armenian and foreign experts, we do not think these structures primarily served as churches or tombs. Instead, they functioned as separate reliquaries wherein the remains of saints, martyrs, or significant Christian relics (such as the Holy Rood) were held, thus carrying immense religious significance.
BURNOUT ESTUDIANTIL Y CALIDAD DE VIDA EN ESTUDIANTES DE PSICOLOGÍA DE UNA UNIVERSIDAD PRIVADA DE LIMA SUR
Authors: Chahua O. Alessandra
Published: December 2023

Estudio cuya finalidad fue determinar la relación entre los constructos burnout con calidad de vida en universitarios de una institución superior ubicada en un distrito de Lima sur. El método corresponde a los diseños no experimentales, trasversal a nivel comparativo correlacional. La muestra estuvo conformada por 200 estudiantes universitarios entre un rango de edad de 16 a 48 años de edad correspondiendo a varones y mujeres.  Se utilizó como instrumentos la Escala Unidimensional de Burnout Estudiantil de Barraza adaptada por Gomez (2017) y la Escala de Calidad de Vida de Olson y Barnes adaptada por Grimaldo (2009).  El análisis de los datos mostraron una asociación entre las variables de manera inversa a un nivel moderado y altamente significativo  (p<.01; rs= -.499). Por otro lado se evidencia que un 43.5% de la muestra se encuentran agrupados en la categoría de nivel medio. Se concluye finalmente a a mayor intensidad de percepción de burnout estudiantil, la calidad de vida será percibida en menor intensidad.
INTELIGENCIA EMOCIONAL Y RESILIENCIA EN ADOLESCENTES INFRACTORES DE UN CENTRO JUVENIL DE DIAGNÓSTICO Y REHABILITACIÓN DE LIMA METROPOLITANA, 2022
Authors: Barrera Q. Miriam
Published: December 2023

Se tuvo por objetivo de identificar la relación entre Inteligencia emocional y resiliencia;  y la relación entre las dimensiones se inteligencia emocional con resiliencia, para ello se realizó un estudio de tipo cuantitativo básico, de diseño no experimental, de tipo correlacional de corte transversal a través de los instrumentos de Cuestionario de Inteligencia Emocional TMMS-24 de Salovey y Mayer y la Escala de Resiliencia de Wagnild Young; donde se tomó una muestra de 206 adolescentes infractores menores de edad que oscilan entre 14 y 17 años. Los resultados ponen de manifiesto que existe relación entre Inteligencia emocional y Resiliencia, donde a través del análisis de Spearman (Rho) se evidenció una relación altamente significativa positiva (p < .001), con magnitud débil (rho = .443) r2=19.62%; así también se encontró que solo un 14.2% tiene inteligencia emocional adecuada y un 97.6% adecuado nivel de resiliencia. Mientras que con respecto a la relación de atención de las emociones, claridad emocional y reparación emocional se encontró relación con un Rho= .262, p < .003, r2 = 6.86%; Rho = .447, p < .001, r2=19.98% y Rho = .383, p < .001, r2=14.66% respectivamente.
INDICE COMPLETO 2023 Vol8N1
Authors: Investigacion Investigacion
Published: December 2023

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espiritualidade na prática da Medicina de Família e Comunidade
Authors: Almeida Orlando Otávio Zuba Miranda de , Ferreira Débora Carvalho
Published: December 2023

A espiritualidade é outra vertente do cuidado em saúde, e a cada dia percebemos a importância dela na prática clínica da atenção primária à saúde. Definir a espiritualidade; analisar a percepção da espiritualidade pelos usuários da Unidade Básica de Saúde (UBS) e pelos médicos; e discutir como ela pode ser aprendida e desenvolvida no campo médico e na residência em Medicina de Família e Comunidade (MFC). Foi realizada uma revisão integrativa na base de dados da Bireme e do PubMed, utilizando os descritores "Spirituality" e "Primary Health Care" combinados com o operador booleano AND. A partir de 9 artigos selecionados, desenvolvemos núcleos temáticos com a síntese das informações quantitativas e qualitativas: conceito de saúde, espiritualidade, instrumento de espiritualidade, percepção de médicos e pacientes, percepção e atitude dos médicos, percepção dos usuários e ensino do cuidado espiritual. A espiritualidade é entendida como uma força motivadora que orienta as decisões e guia o indivíduo, sendo um componente da saúde. Ela deve ser considerada no dia a dia da prática da atenção primária em contextos de promoção da saúde, comorbidades distintas e abordagem comunitária. O cuidado espiritual baseia-se no princípio básico da medicina centrada na pessoa, respeitando as individualidades por meio de uma escuta ativa e respeitosa.
De la recherche à la production industrielle des produits de santé (Présentations d'expériences réussies) - Expérience n°3 : Processus de Recherche-Développement (R&D) et production d’un phytomédicament destiné au traitement de la drépanocytose : FACA
Authors: OUEDRAOGO Salfo
Published: December 2023

Dr Salfo OUEDRAOGO, PharmD, M.Sc. Pharma, PhD, Maître de Recherche en Pharmacie Galénique et Industrielle, Chef de service Production CNRST/IRSS/MEPHATRA/PH, Pharmacien chef de l’Unité de Production Pharmaceutique (U-PHARMA), Tel : (+226) 70 45 89 36/78 41 54 64

 

Résumé : Depuis l’antiquité, l’humanité a toujours recours aux plantes médicinales comme moyens de traitement adéquat, préventifs ou curatifs, plus ou moins efficaces qui sont perfectionnés sous le coup de recherches. Malgré les grands progrès observés dans la médecine moderne au cours des dernières décennies, les plantes médicinales jouent toujours un rôle clé dans la prise en charge des maladies. Certaines plantes utilisées au XVIIIe siècle sont toujours au cœur de la médecine et pharmacopée après que leur efficacité ait été scientifiquement démontrée. Dans ce contexte, plusieurs programmes sont développés par de nombreux centres pour la recherche de nouvelles molécules mais aussi pour la mise au point de médicaments à base de plantes.

Ce travail repose sur un retour d’expérience d’un praticien de la médecine traditionnelle qui utilisait une combinaison de deux plantes médicinales ((Zanthoxylum Zanthoxyloïdes Lam. (Rutaceae) Calotropis procera Ait. (Asclepiadaceae)) pour traiter la drépanocytose.

L’approche repose sur une démarche de la pharmacologie inverse. La première étape a consisté à réaliser une étude pharmacoclinique comparée à un traitement standard qui est la dihydroergotoxine (HYDERGINE®) chez des enfants en crise drépanocytaire. Les propriétés antifalciformantes ont été confirmés par des études in vitro. La deuxième étape a concerné les études chimiques et biologiques in

 

vitro et in vivo qui ont permis la mise en évidence de la sécurité d’emploi ainsi que des propriétés (anti falciformantes, anti-œdémateuses, analgésiques, antipyrétiques, myorelaxantes, vaso-dilatatrices, etc.) liées à la physiopathologie de la maladie. La troisième étape a abouti à la formulation et à la standardisation suite à l’identification de molécules traceurs qui sont des dérivés d’acide vanillique (burkinabines » A, B et C). Des études de validation du procédé de fabrication suivi de stabilité ont été réalisées avant la production et la commercialisation après autorisation de mise sur le marché.

Cette démarche a permis la mise au point d’un phytomédicament qui suscite un grand espoir pour le traitement de la drépanocytose au regard des résultats de l’étude de pharmacovigilance.
Lokale Fatwa-Institutionen in Europa. Der Fatwa-Ausschuss in Deutschland als Fallbeispiel
Authors: Makhlouf Ahmed Gad
Published: December 2023

Die Fatwa-Erteilung bildet eine zentrale Aktivität des islamischen Rechtswesens, welche im Laufe der islamischen Geschichte ununterbrochen ausgeübt wurde. In der Moderne erlebte das Fatwa-Wesen grundlegende Änderungen. Dazu gehört die Umwandlung der individuellen Fatwa-Erteilung in eine institutionelle Form durch Schaffung von Fachausschüssen, welche kollektive Fatwas erteilen. Diese Fatwa-Ausschüsse sind heutzutage weltweit verbreitet. Der vorliegende Artikel setzt sich das Ziel, einen Beitrag zur Untersuchung des Fatwa-Wesens im europäischen Kontext am Beispiel des Fatwa-Ausschusses in Deutschland zu leisten. So wird zum einen intendiert, die Zielsetzung, Struktur und Arbeitsweise des Fatwa-Ausschusses in Deutschland zu analysieren. Zum anderen sollen die Methodologie und die rechtsmethodischen Grundlagen dieser Fatwa-Institution im europäischen bzw. deutschen Kontext untersucht werden.
Exploring the Dynamics of Suicidal Ideation, Negative Emotional States, Uncertainty, Work Overload, Illusion for Study, and Persistence among University Students during COVID-19: A Comprehensive Study
Authors: Alejandro Mendoza-Martínez Ignacio , Rosa García-Rivera Blanca , Luis García Alcaraz Jorge
Published: December 2023

This study explores the complex interplay of suicidal ideation, negative emotional states, uncertainty due to COVID-19, remote work overload, illusion for study, and persistence among university students during the initial peak of the COVID-19 pandemic. Utilizing a sample of 17,057 Mexican university students. This research uses a structural equation modeling to determine the influence of uncertainty due to COVID-19 as a latent variable in the negative emotional states and persistence (as mediating variables) vs. suicidal ideation as a dependent variable. The six variables are related through hypotheses and tested using partial least squares and path analysis. We used an adapted questionnaire sent by email. Findings show that uncertainty due to COVID-19 had a direct and significant influence on Negative Emotional States and a significant inverse effect on persistence; in the trajectory, suicidal ideation is explained. Our findings highlight the indirect impact of persistence on suicidal ideation through the lens of COVID-19-induced uncertainty. Additionally, we emphasize the substantial relationships between suicidal intent on negative emotional states and remote work overload. These results underscore the need to integrate these factors into the design of prevention and therapeutic interventions.