bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Trends and Challenges of Knowledge Management Technology from Malaysia’s Perspective
Authors: Ganapathy Subashini , Mansor Zulkefli , Ahmad Kamsuriah
Published: September 2020

Knowledge Management (KM) is one of the most important capitals in this era. Properly managing knowledge would help in problem-solving and decision making. However, managing knowledge is not a simple task. Malaysian agencies are predominantly known as knowledge-based organization. KM has been adapted into both public and private agencies quite some time. By practicing KM, the organization comprehensively gather, create, sharing, analyzes the knowledge for continuous organizational learning. However, an organization must continuously evaluate the effectiveness of their KM practices to remain competitive by looking at the challenges that are faced. Therefore, the organization should further investigate the trends, challenges, and issues to boost the use of knowledge efficiently. Thus, this paper presents a review of existing literature on KM influencing factors in public and private agencies, especially in Malaysia. The challenges were identified from recent existing studies from the year 2012 until 2019. This study gives an insight into current trends of KM studies and challenges which contributes to KM practices and implementation in Malaysia. The study revealed that management and leadership support which seemed to be lacking and was the most challenging factors in KM practices through recent studies.
Serious Game Design of Virtual Reality Balance Rehabilitation with a Record of Psychophysiological Variables and Emotional Assessment
Authors: Abril Juan D. , Rivera Oswaldo , Caldas Oscar I. , Mauledoux Mauricio Felipe , Aviles Oscar F.
Published: September 2020

Virtual Reality (VR) offers an alternative to complement physical or neurological rehabilitation based on the efficacy of Gamification as a technique to get compromised, enjoy, and turn treatment periods less annoying through an immersive task. This work presents the design of a VR environment and takes into a count three levels of presence: self-presence, physical, and social. Thirteen healthy participants performed a traditional balance session with a wobble board through a parachute game. The direction of the fall is controlled with the inclination of a wobble board platform instrumented with a Gyroscope, electrocardiography (ECG), electrodermal activity (EDA), and respiratory rate (RESP) signals are simultaneously recorded. These psychophysiological responses of the Autonomous Nervous System (SNA) are contrasted with a standardized emotional self-report questionnaire to gather information about the experience and was filled out by the participant with the eye selection of the Oculus Rift device. The integrated Unity-Matlab system stored and processed some of the extraction data of 15 characteristics associated with the biosignals and three emotional levels, In addition to proposing a severe game as a solution to problems of conventional methodology such as low attention, monotonous and predictable sessions, combining computerized simulation and innovative technologies for more pleasant recovery therapy.
Physicochemical Properties of Xylitol Crystals from Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunches Hydrolysate
Authors: Mardawati Efri , Annazhifah Nurul , Sukri Nandi , Triyuliana - , Suryadi Edy , Harahap Budi Mandra
Published: September 2020

Xylitol, a low-calorie sugar made up of five carbon atoms, had the valuable characteristics suitably applied for pharmaceutical and food industries. This sugar can be produced from oil palm empty fruit bunches (OPEFB) through hydrolysis and followed by fermentation. The xylitol in the fermentation broth requires the downstream process to obtain the final product with high purity and yield. Among a series of xylitol downstream process, crystallization becomes a critical step since this process determines the properties of final products. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of evaporation temperature (55°C and 70°C) and seeding addition (0%, 0.1%, 0.5%, 1 %) in the crystallization step on the physicochemical properties of xylitol crystals obtained from the OPEFB hydrolysate. The main evaluation criteria were crystal contents, purity, melting point, water content, hygroscopicity, solubility, caloric content, and crystal xylitol yield. The result showed that the crystal form obtained was relatively sticky and had lower purity than commercial ones because the concentration of xylitol solution increased after evaporation. The differences of physicochemical properties of the crystals such as the purity, porosity, yield and crystal form were influenced by evaporation temperature. The crystals formed by 70°C evaporation temperature produced the crystals with higher caloric value and purity, but it had lower hygroscopicity and moisture content than crystals formed by 55°C. However, the percentage of seeding gave an insignificant impact on xylitol crystal properties.
Structural Performance Investigation of Ship Lift Hoist Pile Structure Exposed to Tropical Marine Environment
Authors: Sutrisno Wahyuniarsih , Alrasyid Harun
Published: September 2020

This paper presents a field investigation and numerical analysis of a ship lift hoist pile structure exposed to the marine environment. This structure is located at Lamong Gulf in East Java Indonesia. This study focused on analyzing the structural performance of the steel pile of the ship lift hoist structure against gravity and seismic load. The field investigation was conducted using several methods such as visual observation, ultrasonic pulse velocity, half-cell potential and ultrasonic thickness to observe the current condition of the structure. Furthermore, a structural analysis was also performed to investigate the performance of the structure before and after the corrosion presented. Based on the field investigation result, it was found that the steel pile of the hoist structure suffers a loss of thickness due to corrosion. The thickness loss of each pile varies from 0 to 1.9 mm. The half-cell potential on the pile cap also shows that the corrosion potential in more than half the hoist pile cap is very high. Furthermore, the structural performance analysis shows that the hoist pile structure is within the safe limit against gravity load when receiving a maximum ship load of 1,650 tons. However, when the gravity load is combined with seismic load, the analysis result shows that the steel pile structure is overstressed and cannot withstands the applied load.
Numerical Analysis of a Friedlander Localized Blast Load on a Rigid Roadway Pavement Using Levy’s Problem
Authors: Alisjahbana Sofia W , Asmi Ade , Safrilah - , Pratama Jouvan Chandra , Gan Buntara S. , Alisjahbana Irene
Published: September 2020

The increasing number of terrorist attacks in recent years have shown that in designing structures such as floor slabs and rigid roadway pavement, the effect of blast loads should be taken into consideration. In this study, we analyze the blasting effect on the rigid roadway pavements and provide a numerical example of a toll road shoulder section exposed to this blast load. We assumed that the rigid roadway slab is connected by dowels and tie-bars along its edges. Furthermore, we modeled the blast as a Friedlander blast load, where it is initially a positive pressure before decreasing to a negative pressure due to drag. We obtained the vertical shear force that is carried by the dowels and tie-bars along its edges, the time history of the rigid roadway slab deflection, and identified the parameters of the sub-grade that has significant effects on the dynamic response of the rigid roadway pavement. We carried out the numerical analysis using the first and the second type of Levy’s problem to find the Eigenvalues and Eigenvectors and to predict the maximum deformed shape, the maximum vertical shear forces along the joint of the rigid roadway pavement subjected to the blast load. Our results show that the duration ratio of the blast loading, the thickness of the slab, and the stiffness coefficient of the soil has a significant influence on the dynamic response of the slab. This paper provides essential techniques in increasing the capacity of a rigid roadway slab against explosive effects.
The Effectiveness of Vacuum Consolidation to Soft Soil Settlement
Authors: Puspita Norma , Capri Ari
Published: September 2020

The main issue of building constructions on soft soils is not a uniform settlement of soft ground, which has a slow process that effected construction failures and rising maintenance expenses. For many decades, to the improvement of ground soil stability, then applied using prefabricated vertical drain (PVD). Along the development of science and technologies, which followed by improvement of the soil stability method, that is called as Vacuum Consolidation Method (VCM). The objectives of this study are to determine how the effectiveness of vacuum consolidation with various patterns to soft soil settlement of constructions, and to find the right spacing of PVD installation due to un-uniform settlement of soft soils. The analysis of this study compared the numbers and rates of settlements in preloading, PVD, and VCM with various patterns, and to get a uniform settlement by two scenarios analysis, which are various spacing with single suction pressure (scenario 1) and single spacing with various suction pressures. Based on the result of analysis which showed the settlement of VCM in both patterns are 2.247 m in 105 days (square pattern) and 2.252 m in 90 days (triangular pattern). It means with a triangular pattern has 70.2 more effective than others in the rate of the settlement period. It also showed the VCM has larger than others in volume settlements. The results of 2 scenarios analysis showed that the implementation of scenario one was difficult due to various spacing, while scenario two can be implemented because numbers of settlements depend on suction pressure of the vacuum.
Estimation Carbon Storage of Community Forest through Timber Legality Assurance System
Authors: Martono D.S. , Setiahadi R. , Rahayu S. , Wuryantoro - , Atmaja A.P.
Published: September 2020

Community forests play an important role in reducing greenhouse gas emissions because forests can absorb carbon dioxide in the air, which then stored in trees. The measurement of the amount of C stored in plant life in a community forest can illustrate the amount of CO in the atmosphere absorbed by plants. The research activity aims to estimate carbon stocks in community forests certified by TLAS (Timber Legality Verification System). The method used is the making of allometric equations by logging methods of commercial tree species (Melia, Mahagony, Tectona grandis, and Paraserianthes). The location of the research conducted in the community forest area managed by Lawu Lestari People's Law Enforcement Community (PPHR), Panekan, Magetan. With an area of 192.16 hectares scattered in three (3) villages, namely Ngiliran, Jabung, and Bedagung, and obtained certified SVLK on December 4, 2013. The average percentage of biomass per part of the main tree for community forest the largest is Stem 50.28%, 28.00% Branches and twigs, root 14.26%, leaves 7.46%. Equation model to estimate the amount of carbon content Melia azedarach Y = 246,123 d 1,986 (R2 = 0,999 and SEE = 0,053), Swietenia mahagony Y = 48,389 d 2,443 (R2 = 0,997, SEE = 0,083), Tectona grandis Y = 65,019 d 2,370 (R2 = 0.995 and SEE = 0.122) and Paraserianthes falcataria Y = 52.726 d 2.116 (R2 = 0.993, SEE = 0.123). The amount of carbon content amounted to community forest is 2558.69 tons.
Improved Knowledge and Attitude about Healthy Snack at School through Peer Education
Authors: Ariga Reni Asmara , Astuti Sri Budi , Ariga Fajar Amanah , Ariga Selviani
Published: September 2020

The consumption of snacks becomes a habit of the children. The habit finds at all the socioeconomic level of society and at all the age level of children, especially in the school-age children. The peer educator is an education given to peer group which aims to increase knowledge, skill for a group member, especially in the health sector, including nutrition requirement for body covering balanced nutrition, healthy diet, prevention of dietary deviation, balanced menu arrangement, and proper nutrition when exercising. The peer education about nutrition for school children include nutritional needs, regulate health and nutritious snacks, meals to prevent the occurrence of illness due to errors in consuming the type of food. This study was aimed to determine the improved knowledge and attitude of students about the healthy snacks thought peer education. The study used a Quasi-experimental design. The sample of the research consists of 35 students. The result of the study shows that peer education increases the knowledge of 33 students (94,3%) in the good category and increase the attitude of 35 students (100%) good category. The results of the study suggested that the school administrators should select the food that had been sold in the canteen and optimized the UKS program for teachers, staff, and students. The school administration should talk about healthy snacks to the parents of children.
Analysis of Factors Affecting Tuber Consumption Based on Income Classes at Palembang City Indonesia
Authors: Wirya Purba Yudhi Zuriah , Thony Ak Agoes
Published: September 2020

The research objective was to analyze factors affecting tubers consumption in Palembang City based on income classes. This study was conducted at Ilir Barat I, Ilir Timur II, and Seberang Ulu II Sub-districts, Palembang City, South Sumatra, Indonesia. This research aims to identify the factors that could affect the consumption of tubers based-on income classes in Palembang city as the capital of South Sumatra. This research data collection through a survey method that collected samples using the disproportioned stratified random sampling technique consisting of 90 heads of families from 3 (three) districts in Palembang. Data were analyzed using multiple linear regression analysis. The results of the research are the factors identified to have a significant effect on the consumption level of tubers. These factors are family size (number of family members), prices of noodles, price of cassava, price of sweet potato, age composition, housewife educational levels, and household income levels. The results concluded that the cassava and sweet potato price had significantly positive contributions. In contrast, the mediaum and high income had significant negative effects on tubers consumption in Palembang City. Moreover, as for the rest, the family size, instant noodle price, age composition, and housewife educational level had no significant effect.
Fiber-Wireless Testbed using Software Defined Radio for Protocol and Algorithm Testing
Authors: Ridwan Mohammad Azmi , Mohamed Radzi Nurul Asyikin , Abdullah Fairuz
Published: September 2020

Fiber-Wireless (FiWi) network can provide abundant bandwidth capacity and mobility to the end-users. It also eliminates the need of having complete tedious end-to-end fiber installation from the central office to the users, which saves tremendous capital expenditure. However, FiWi is still progressing. Researchers worldwide are still developing experimental works for improvement on the network reliability, quality-of-services and security. Almost all recently proposed testbed designed for FiWi are using hardware that lacks in programmability feature, making it challenging to implement any protocols and algorithms. A testbed must be flexible, scalable and reprogrammable so that various experiments and testing can be implemented easily for testing purposes. In this paper, a reprogrammable FiWi testbed using software-defined radio (SDR) is proposed. One of the most prominent SDR available in the market is Universal Software Radio Peripheral (USRP). It is chosen to be used in this paper as it is equipped with a user-friendly programming platform; LabVIEW. To test the testbed’s reprogrammability feature, two algorithms are implemented for proof-of-concept; collision avoidance and dynamic bandwidth allocation. The collision avoidance algorithm is implemented in the wireless side of the testbed using the concept of Carrier Sensing Multiple Access/Collision Avoidance. At the fiber domain, a dynamic bandwidth allocation-limited scheduling is incorporated in the testbed. The results show that algorithms implemented in the testbed are in-line with the expected results. It proves that the testbed can be used for future algorithm testing for research purposes.
Propuesta de investigación para el estudio sobre la adquisición de clasificadores en Lengua de Señas Peruana como segunda lengua
Authors: Marino Mateo C.
Published: September 2020

El presente documento ofrece una propuesta esquemática de investigación acerca de la adquisición de los clasifi cadores en Lengua de Señas Peruana como segunda lengua por parte de niños y niñas oyentes. Para tal propósito, se propone en el proyecto analizar a cuarenta niños y niñas oyentes en contextos en los que se emplean la Lengua de Señas Peruana. El objetivo del estudio consistirá en dar cuenta del procesamiento de adquisición de los clasificadores verbales en la Lengua de Señas Peruana en niños y niñas oyentes. Se plantea como hipótesis tentativa que la secuencia de desarrollo de los clasificadores verbales en Lengua de Señas Peruana es la adquisición de (1) clasificadores verbales de un argumento y (2) clasificadores verbales de dos argumentos. Se propone esta secuencia debido al mayor grado de complejidad morfológica y configuración espacial que presenta (2).
Sobre el estudio de la gramática: nota de cierre del curso de Estructura del Lenguaje
Authors: Vera Amorós Jaime
Published: September 2020

En este texto pretendo (i) recoger y analizar los objetivos de un curso de lingüística para estudiantes de la facultad de Estudios Generales Letras de la Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú; (ii) ofrecer algunas ideas personales sobre la lingüística como disciplina; y (iii) sintetizar las ideas y conceptos más importantes del curso.
Equity Fund Performance and Sector Diversification
Authors: Anđelinović Mihovil , Pavković Ana , Valentić Livija
Published: September 2020

This paper examines the performance of equity funds relative to the diversification of their portfolios. The main objective of the research is to determine how the allocation of investment in individual sectors affects the yield of equity funds in the Republic of Croatia. Six equity funds which were selected, invested more than 50% of their assets in sectors in the Republic of Croatia. An unbalanced dynamic panel model is estimated for the period from January 2012 to August 2017. Investing in tourism and industry has proved to be the most significant investment, and it has a positive effect on the fund yields, whereas significant negative impact has been discovered in consumer goods, funds and conglomerates, and the state sector. The macroeconomic environment was studied to put the conclusions of econometric analysis into the actual context. The conducted empirical analysis suggests that portfolio managers should pay more attention to macroeconomic conditions and trends in economic sectors if they want to achieve higher returns.
Reciprocity in Student Groups: Experimental Evidence from Greece
Authors: Avgeris Antonios , Sergaki Panagiota , Kontogeorgos Achilleas , Tiganis Antonios
Published: September 2020

Every correlated theory on the decision-making process takes for granted that individuals have a self-seeking behaviour in a self-regulating economic system. That means that under emergency and risk situations subjects make decisions following the above theories, among fixed-various alternatives. Nevertheless, the results have emerged from many investigations of recent years indicate a completely different approach on people's everyday decision making. Elements of human character such as justice, altruism and reciprocity seem to overlap the overall aspects of them. So, in this paper we aim to investigate the existence of reciprocity, or not, in student communities. In order to achieve this, two games of Game Theory list were adopted and applied in two different Greek Universities while Experimental Economics methods were used. These non-cooperative games (Ultimatum & Dictator game) interacted as one in an uncertain environment. The results of the experimental process showed a reciprocal behaviour (positive or negative) among students with small differences between the two universities.
Symmetric Behaviour to Fulfil the Main Objective as the Basis for the Credibility of Central Banks Behaviour on the Example of CNB
Authors: Čečrdlová Andrea
Published: September 2020

The aim of the paper is to verify whether the CNB behaved symmetrically in the period of 1998-2016 while fulfilling its basic mandate - price stability - and whether the decision to use the exchange rate commitment influenced the assessment of its symmetrical approach. The paper provides a comprehensive view of the CNB's symmetry, which is considered as the basis for the credibility of central bank behaviour in achieving the main objective – price stability. Based on analyses of deviations of inflation from the target in both directions and assess the implemented exceptions, it was shown that the CNB was stricter than was necessary from the point of view of resulting inflation over the period under review. In most of the years, it was below the inflation target which can be judged as an asymmetric approach in monetary policy decisions. The decision to apply the exchange rate commitment has had an impact on the CNB's symmetric approach. From the point of view of mere symmetry, the introduction of the exchange rate commitment was a positive step.
Soft skills and earnings: evidence from a nationwide survey in Poland
Authors: Grześkowiak Alicja
Published: September 2020

The purpose of this paper is to examine differences in earnings in Poland with respect to the level of soft skills. The study is based on data from a nationwide survey on human capital carried out in 2014. Eight types of soft skills are taken into consideration: entrepreneurship and showing initiative, resistance to stress, cooperation in a group, communicativeness, ability to resolve conflicts, coordination of the work of other employees, creativity and continuous learning of new things. Distributions of earnings corresponding to groups of individuals declaring low, medium and high soft skills are compared by statistical methods, namely by kernel estimation, one-way ANOVA on ranks and relative distributions. The analysis leads to the conclusion that earnings distributions vary substantially with regard to the level of soft skills. The biggest differences concern such skills as entrepreneurship and showing initiative, coordination of the work of other employees and creativity. This paper contributes to the knowledge about the associations between soft skills level and earnings.
The Measurement of Industry 4.0: An Empirical Cluster Analysis for EU Countries
Authors: Hejduková Pavlína , Kureková Lucie , Krechovská Michaela
Published: September 2020

Based on findings regarding existing indicators for the measurement of Industry 4.0, the goal of the presented article is to create our own composite indicator and carry out a cluster analysis for EU countries. There is a relatively large amount of academic studies in the area of the measurement of Industry 4.0 that focus on the composite indicators that attempt to capture this phenomenon statistically. At the moment, however, there are no available timelines of these composite indicators. In the empirical section, we have created our own indicator – the “Industry 4.0 relative performance index”. This Index was computed using the methodology of the World Economic Forum. Computation of our own composite indicator has made it possible to record the development of Industry 4.0 performance in time and thus evaluate the relative positions of member states. Cluster analysis was carried out for the years 2011 and 2019, and data was extracted from Eurostat and Worldbank statistics. Results of this paper may serve as guidance for future targeting of cohesive EU policy in the field of Industry 4.0 support, which in the future may contribute to strengthening the position of the EU economy as a whole.
Late Medial Migration of Lag Screw After Gamma3 Nailing Threatening the Internal Iliac Vessels
Authors: Pawar Rajesh , Antapur Prasad
Published: September 2020

Case:

A 77-year-old woman underwent Gamma3 Nail (Stryker) for an extracapsular fracture of the neck of femur on the left side. Eight months later, the lag screw had migrated medially into the pelvis and was in contact with the internal iliac vessels. After a multidisciplinary team meeting, embolization of the internal iliac artery was carried out prophylactically before the removal of screw and conversion to a total hip replacement.

Conclusion:

Although there are increasing number of case reports on late medial migration of lag screw, medial migration into pelvis with vascular complication is a very rare complication with 1 case report in the literature. The authors would like to make the orthopaedic community aware of this rare but potentially fatal complication and present the option for successful management.
A Detailed Clinical Course Leading to Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy After Anterior Cervical Spine Surgery
Authors: Matsumoto Tomiya , Yamashita Tomoya , Okuda Shinya , Maeno Takafumi , Nagamoto Yukitaka , Iwasaki Motoki
Published: September 2020

Case:

A 48-year-old woman underwent anterior cervical discectomy and fusion at C5/6. Extubation was performed immediately after surgery. Tachycardia, limb tremor, and panic attack developed approximately 4 hours after surgery at 16:15. Thirty minutes later, cessation of respiration occurred at 16:50. An experienced anesthesiologist attempted intubation but was unsuccessful because of laryngopharyngeal edema at the C2 level. Finally, an otolaryngologist performed tracheotomy and secured the airway at 17:20 but hypoxic encephalopathy ensued.

Conclusion:

Predicting the airway obstruction caused by laryngopharyngeal edema was very difficult; hence, to prevent critical complications, systematic perioperative management is essential in anterior cervical spine surgery.
ASPECTOS ÉTICOS RELACIONADOS AO ATENDIMENTO ODONTOLÓGICO DE PACIENTES HIV POSITIVO
Authors: Costa Karine Silva , Griti Rafaela Cunha , Brandão Fernando Barbosa , Maia Paulo Roberto Martins , Steinhauser Henrique Caballero , Gritti Giovana Cunha
Published: September 2020

Introdução: A AIDS (Síndrome da Imunodeficiência Adquirida) é a doença causada pela infecção do Vírus da Imunodeficiência Humana (HIV) e é uma infecção sexualmente transmissível. O HIV é um retrovírus, classificado na subfamília dos Lentiviridae. Atualmente, ainda ocorrem casos de discriminação em consultórios odontológicos a pacientes portadores de HIV/AIDS, apesar de todas as informações sobre a doença, na hora do atendimento os profissionais ainda possuem receio e dúvida quanto ao protocolo de atendimento. Objetivo: Avaliar os aspectos éticos do atendimento odontológico de pacientes portadores HIV/AIDS na cidade de Imperatriz-Maranhão, sob a percepção dos mesmos. Material e Método: Foi aplicado um questionário estruturado a 100 pacientes portadores de HIV/AIDS que estavam em tratamento no Centro de Atenção Psicossocial (CAPS) do município de Imperatriz- MA, CAPS III e CAPS AD III, entre os meses de março e abril de 2019. Resultado: Os participantes relataram que sofreram discriminação (41% - 41) em algum momento do atendimento odontológico, 85% (85) dos pacientes não informariam ao cirurgião-dentista que é portador do HIV, sendo o constrangimento (14% - 14) o principal motivo para não informar. Conclusão: O índice de discriminação nos atendimentos odontológicos a pacientes portadores HIV/AIDS no município de Imperatriz-MA é elevado. Há necessidade dos cirurgiões-dentistas buscarem atualizar-se sobre o vírus HIV e a doença AIDS, e sobre aspectos éticos e legais do atendimento a pacientes portadores dessa morbidade, para garantir um atendimento seguro, de qualidade e humanizado.
A Theoretical Investigation on Chemical Bonding of the Bridged Hydride Triruthenium Cluster: [Ru3 (μ-H)( μ3-κ2-Hamphox-N,N)(CO)9]
Authors: Al-Ibadi et al. Muhsen
Published: September 2020

Ruthenium-Ruthenium and Ruthenium–ligand interactions in the triruthenium "[Ru3(μ-H)(μ3-κ2-Hamphox-N,N)(CO)9]" cluster are studied at DFT level of theory. The topological indices are evaluated in term of QTAIM (quantum theory of atoms in molecule). The computed topological parameters are in agreement with related transition metal complexes documented in the research papers. The QTAIM analysis of the bridged core part, i.e., Ru3H, analysis shows that there is no bond path and bond critical point (chemical bonding) between Ru(2) and Ru(3). Nevertheless, a non-negligible delocalization index for this non-bonding interaction is calculated. The interaction in the core Ru3H can be described as a (4centre–4electron) type. For Ru-N (oxazoline ring) bond, the calculated topological data propose a pure σ-bond. The computed topological parameters of oxazoline ligand reveal the presence of slightly some double bond characters within ligand ring.
Decolorization of Phenol Red Dye by Immobilized Laccase in Chitosan Beads Using Laccase - Mediator - System Model
Authors: Taha Ali A. , Hameed Nahida J. , Rashid Farah H.
Published: September 2020

This work describes the enhancement of phenol red decolorization through immobilizing of laccase in chitosan and enzyme recycling. Commercial laccase from white rot fungus, Trametesversicolor (Tvlac), was immobilizedin to freshly prepared chitosan beads by using glutaraldehyde as a cross linker. Characterization of prepared chitosan was confirmed by FTIR and scanning electron microscope (SEM). Tvlac (46.2 U/mL) immobilized into chitosan beads at 0.8 % glutaraldehyde (v/v) within 24 hrs. Synthetic (HBT) and natural (vanillin) mediators were used to enhance dye decolorizoation. It was found that 89 % of phenol red was decolorized by chitosan beads within 180 min. in the absence of enzyme and mediator, while decolorization percentage of the dye was completed (100%) at 120 min. when chitosan immobilizedlaccase was applied. Moreover, the decolorization was completed within 25 and 50 min. in the presence of chitosan immobilized laccase and of HBT or vanillin respectively. On the other hand, the recycling of chitosan immobilized laccase was still decolorize phenol red and continued up to ninth cycle to reach  70% of dye decolorization .
Natural Pigment –Poly Vinyl Alcohol Nano composites Thin Films for Solar Cell
Authors: Alesa Hanaa J. , Aldabbag Balqees M. , Salih Rana M.
Published: September 2020

Solar cells thin films were prepared using polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) as a thin film, with extract of natural pigment from local flower. A concentration of 0.1g/ml of polyvinyl alcohol solution in water was prepared for four samples, with various concentrations of plant pigment (0, 15, 25 and 50) % added to each of the four solutions separately for preparing (PVA with low concentrated dye , PVA with medium concentrated dye and PVA with high concentrated dye ) thin films respectively . Ultraviolet absorption regions were obtained by computerized UV-Visible (CECIL 2700). Optical properties including (absorbance, reflectance, absorption coefficient, energy gap and dielectric constant) via UV- Vis were tested, too.  Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrophotometer was employed to test the samples. Thermal analysis of thin films, including melting point (Tm), onset degree, endset degree, and crystallinity% were tested by differential scanning calorimeter (DSC). Three dimensional morphologies of thin films were inspected by atomic force microscopy (ATM). Contact angle also was tested as an index to hydrophilicity. Results proved that the ultraviolet and FTIR absorption increase after adding the natural pigment to PVA thin film, as well as it increases with increasing concentration of natural pigment. DSC analysis revealed an increase of PVA melting point when adding 15% concentration and it decreases with a 50% concentration of pigment. AFM results show an increase in surface roughness, hence the surface bearing index of PVA thin films is inversely proportional to pigment concentration. Contact angle decreases from 46.5° for pure PVA thin film to 44. 8°, 42. 6° and 35.2° after adding (15, 25, and 50)%  concentration of natural dye respectively. Optical properties were enhanced by adding the natural dye, hence energy gap decreased from 3 eV for pure PVA to 2.3 eV for the PVA with a high concentrate dye. Dielectric constant increased with increasing concentration of dye, which leads to high polarization of solar cell.
Impacto del conflicto armado en el desarrollo colombiano y sus perspectivas en la economía del posconflicto
Authors: García González Alex Sebastián , Quiroga Carrillo Cristian Camilo
Published: September 2020

Se tiende a pensar que el atraso económico de Colombia es producto del conflicto armado, que ha entorpecido el aprovechamiento de las cualidades del territorio, sobre todo en el sector agrícola. Con el objetivo de verificar este postulado, la presente investigación toma como insumo datos proporcionados por el CERAC y el DANE para determinar tanto la afectación alcanzada en los distintos departamentos por cuenta del conflicto armado, como la forma en la que se utiliza la tierra en cada uno de ellos. Con este fin se desarrolló un Índice de Gravedad del Conflicto (IGC), y según esto, posteriormente se realizó una comparación de los distintos usos que se da a la tierra en las diferentes partes del territorio.
Extending Exclusivity for Biopharmaceuticals to Deter Competing Generics: A Review of Strategies, Potential Mitigation, and Similarities to Infringement
Authors: Phelps Charles E.
Published: September 2020

Some patents confront infringement—unauthorized use of the inventions in the patent—thus violating the exclusive use intent of the U.S. Constitution's creation of the patent system to encourage innovation. In other situations, the reverse occurs—patent holders seek
to extend their exclusivity period to prevent competitive entrants. This commonly occurs in biopharmaceutical products markets, where annual revenues on many patented drugs exceed $1 billion per year and (most importantly) where several pathways allow extension of exclusivity. This
paper reviews the relevant legislation (Bayh-Dole Act, Orphan Drug Act, Hatch-Waxman Act, and Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Modernization Act) as well as the safety and efficacy regulations of the FDA that control marketing of biopharmaceutical products. The paper then assesses methods
used to extend patent exclusivity—some legal, some clearly illegal, and some with ambiguous legal status—in order to deter generic entrants. These methods include using FDA "citizen's petitions," creating generic equivalents of branded drugs to block other generic entrants, deterring
potential generic competitors from gaining samples to prove bioequivalence to original formulations, seeking additional patents to extend exclusivity (sometimes for trivial changes), paying potential entrants to delay entry, subdividing the potential patient population to qualify for extensions
granted by "orphan drug" status, and (most recently) selling patents to Native American tribes to prevent challenges to their validity. The paper concludes by discussing remedies—primarily legislative—that could either eliminate these actions and/or clarify their legality. Then
follows a comparison between these entry-delaying strategies and patent infringement itself.
How the U.S. Courts View the Rights of Individual Patentees: A Case Study
Authors: Tehrani Fleur T.
Published: September 2020

This article presents a case study of patent litigation involving an individual academic inventor and three manufacturers that were using her invention and marketing it worldwide. The article provides an overview of the invention, the patent covering it, and the manner in which the
case was handled at different levels in the U.S. courts. A brief discussion of the recent trends in restricting patent litigation and some recommendations for improving and streamlining the process are provided. In addition, some of the possible impacts of implementing recently suggested measures
that bear on the ability of individual and academic inventors to assert their patent rights are also discussed.
An Idea That Has Come of Age—Organized Innovation: a Blueprint for Renewing America's Prosperity
Authors: Sanberg Paul R. , Burg Karen J.L.
Published: September 2020

Universities have long recognized the need to create pathways for ideas and new technologies to advance from academic labs to market; however, the decentralized and haphazard nature of American innovation means that some discoveries may be neglected. In order to more effectively address
the issues with innovation, a research team led by Steven Currall produced a new framework in the book Organized Innovation: A Blueprint for Renewing America's Prosperity. Because of the current drive of universities to increase innovation, economic development, and corporate partnerships,
we thought it was timely to revisit this book and offer commentary on its lessons for navigating these demands.
Detecting Change in Longitudinal Social Networks
Authors: McCulloh Ian , Carley Kathleen M.
Published: September 2020

Changes in observed social networks may signal an underlying change within an organization, and may even predict significant events or behaviors. The breakdown of a team’s effectiveness, the emergence of informal leaders, or the preparation of an attack by a clandestine network may all be associated with changes in the patterns of interactions between group members. The ability to systematically, statistically, effectively and efficiently detect these changes has the potential to enable the anticipation, early warning, and faster response to both positive and negative organizational activities. By applying statistical process control techniques to social networks we can rapidly detect changes in these networks. Herein we describe this methodology and then illustrate it using four data sets, of which the first is the Newcomb fraternity data, the second set of data is collected on a group of mid-career U.S. Army officers in a week long training exercise, the third is the perceived connections among members of al Qaeda based on open source, and the fourth data set is simulated using multi-agent simulation. The results indicate that this approach is able to detect change even with the high levels of uncertainty inherent in these data.
Parallel Arc Diagrams: Visualizing Temporal Interactions
Authors: Hoek Peter
Published: September 2020

This paper introduces a new computer-based visualization method, the parallel arc diagram (PAD), which is capable of uniquely representing 2-mode temporal relationships in a manner that assists in highlighting simple features of the network. The PAD approach relies on a computer’s ability to render link lines adjacent to each other with orderly precision, resulting in features that facilitate preattentive processing of simple network characteristics and providing the ability to discern patterns of interactions over time. PADs supplement existing methods such as node-link diagrams by offering a simple alternative visualization without the computational complexity of graph layout algorithms and the additional issues that animation introduces. This paper subjectively evaluates the PAD approach using low level task taxonomies developed for assessing adjacency matrix and node-link visualization effectiveness. We argue based on those taxonomies that the PAD approach is as effective or in some cases more effective than existing approaches except for tasks requiring the identification of structural groups or middle-man nodes. This paper also demonstrates how the PAD approach can be utilized in a software application. The TIPAD (Temporal Interactive Parallel Arc Diagram) uses character participation in movie scenes as a test-bed for exploring social interactions over time and provides the ability to compare a PAD based visualization with traditional visualizations of the same network.
Explorative Visualization of Citation Patterns in Social Network Research*
Authors: Brandes Ulrik , Pich Christian
Published: September 2020

We propose a visual representation of bibliographic data based on shared references. Our method employs a distance metric that is derived from bibliographic coupling and then subjected to fast approximate multidimensional scaling. Its utility is demonstrated by an explorative analysis of social network publications that, most notably, depicts the genesis of an area now commonly referred to as network science. However, the example also illustrates some common pitfalls in bibliometric analysis.
PERFIL DO IDOSO DA CIDADE DE CARIDADE-CE.
Authors: FURTADO GABRIELA FERNANDES FURTADO FERNANDES , SILVA ANA CAROLINE LIMA SILVA LIMA , Bittencourt Letícia Lorrany Amorim Aires Bittencour Amorim , Sousa Taynara Miguel de Sousa Miguel , Queiroz GABRIELA APARECIDA ALVES QUEIROZ ALVES , Sousa ERICA IANNE DA SILVA SOUSA Silva , Nascimento Isabel Cristina Paula do Nascimento Paul Pauula
Published: September 2020

O objetivo do presente artigo foi traçar o perfil do idoso de Caridade-CE, para servir como suporte de criação de políticas públicas e ações voltadas para as pessoas idosas. Afinal a quantidade de pessoas idosas terá um salto de 20 milhões, por volta dos 73,5 milhões no ano de 2060, existirá um idoso em cada três pessoas. O estudo foi de abordagem quantitativa, se caracterizou de forma transversal e de campo, através do questionário BOAS (adaptado). A pesquisa foi realizada nos domicílios da cidade de Caridade-CE. A amostra da pesquisa foi composta por 100 idosos residentes do município Caridade-CE (sede). Ao final do estudo realizado pode-se percebe-se um número maior de mulheres, com idades entre 60 a 70 anos, sendo todos os entrevistados cearenses. Alguns idosos compartilharam que sua cidade natal não era Caridade- CE, mas moram nesse município desde antes de sua emancipação política. O estudo mostra-se relevante, pois a população idosa exibe um elevado aumento, concomitante ao crescimento da desvalorização do indivíduo nessa fase da vida. O estatuto do idoso assegura os direitos das pessoas mais velhas, mas o que se percebe na sociedade é desrespeito e negligência com o idoso. É urgente a necessidade de mudanças de conceitos sobre o envelhecimento e resgate do respeito aos mais velhos.
SISTEMA ESPECIALISTA FINANCEIRO PARA CONTROLE DE ORÇAMENTOS PESSOAIS
Authors: Morais Diogo Martins Gonçalves de , Lira Fabrício , Oliveira Luan de , Martinez Mayara
Published: September 2020

O presente estudo apresenta o protótipo de um Sistema Especialista, que confronta dados do orçamento pessoal do usuário à uma base ideal para cada perfil de usuário, referenciado por especialistas, com a finalidade de minimizar o tempo para que uma meta definida pelo usuário seja alcançada. Caracteriza-se como pesquisa experimental, de natureza exploratória, visto que o protótipo de SE foi desenvolvido para simular o tratamento das informações inseridas pelo usuário, comparar com a base de conhecimento e consequentemente, gerar os resultados. Os resultados expostos pela pesquisa demonstram que a proposta de um SE, com as características acima definidas, é factível. O estudo mostrou também que há estrutura tecnológica para o desenvolvimento do SE e que há informações disponíveis de especialistas para aplicá-las à base de conhecimento do sistema, mesmo que tais informações sejam de difícil acesso.
CONTEXTUALIZAÇÃO E INTERDICIPLINARIDADE NUM CURSO DE LICENCIATURA EM FÍSICA: UMA EXPERIÊNCIA VIVENCIADA NO IFCE CAMPUS SOBRAL
Authors: Oliveira Antônio Nunes de , Siqueira Marcos Cirineu Aguiar , Lima Rodrigo Martins
Published: September 2020

É notória a importância da contextualização e da interdisciplinaridade durante as aulas de Física, sendo elas do nível básico ou superior. Embora sejam comprovadamente duas vertentes do ensino capazes de potencializar a participação do aluno na aula e ajudar na sua interação com o professor, propostas com esse perfil ainda são insuficientes para prover as necessidades educacionais contemporâneas. Este texto resulta de uma pesquisa qualitativa e exploratória, o qual relata uma experiência vivenciada onde se evidenciam as potencialidades de aulas contextualizadas e do diálogo entre áreas do conhecimento que integram a matriz curricular de um curso de licenciatura em Física. Nas aulas ora em destaque procurou-se promover um ambiente interdisciplinar, o que possibilitou aos graduandos perceberem a importância das disciplinas do currículo para uma compreensão mais geral dos fenômenos, e ainda entrelaçar a sua explicação ao modelamento matemático necessário à compreensão e interpretação de dados brutos, bem como às aplicações e repercussões no contexto social, político, econômico, cultural, ético e ambiental. Além disso, os resultados evidenciaram claramente a problemática da obrigatoriedade dos sábados letivos como forma de reposição das aulas perdidas por conta do período de greve na instituição, podendo este vir a ser um fator responsável por parcela significativa da evasão e retenção discente.
IMPACTO DA MATRIZ CURRICULAR VIGENTE PARA OS CURSOS TÉCNICOS EM AQUICULTURA DO IFCE: ESTUDO DE CASO NO CAMPUS ARACATI
Authors: Araujo Glacio Souza , MELO EDUARDO DE LIMA
Published: September 2020

O presente trabalho visa avaliar o levantamento dos discentes do Curso Técnico em Aquicultura do Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia – IFCE, campus Aracati, comparando os dados de duas matrizes curriculares, uma anterior (utilizada desde o semestre de 2011.2 até 2014.1) e outra vigente (utilizada a partir de 2014.2), sendo esta unificada para os Cursos Técnicos dos campi Acaraú, Aracati e Morada Nova, através de dados obtidos do sistema acadêmico. Os dados são importantes para realizar possíveis ajustes na matriz curricular vigente e adequá-la à situação atual da aquicultura na região, visando também à permanência e ao êxito dos discentes, bem como ao sucesso profissional deles. Foi observado que a forma de ensino atual (concomitante) não é eficiente devido a menor demanda de público e aprendizado. Os discentes, apesar de serem adolescentes ainda, estão estudando o técnico e o médio juntos, mas não conseguem ter efetivo aprendizado nem no curso técnico nem no ensino médio, dedicando-se muitas vezes a este último e abandonando aquele. Até o semestre 2014.1, foram formadas seis turmas, com 35 discentes concludentes ou concluídos comparado com duas turmas formadas e 23 discentes concludentes ou concluídos. O Curso Técnico em Aquicultura do IFCE – campus Aracati, utilizando a matriz curricular vigente até o semestre de 2014.1, apresentou apenas 5,83 discentes concludentes/concluídos por turma em comparação a 11,50 alunos concludentes/concluídos – quando passou a funcionar com a nova matriz aprovada para 2014.2, mostrando, portanto, um melhor desempenho dos discentes, que pode aumentar ainda mais através de pequenos ajustes.