bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The current obstetrical and perinatal management of congenital diaphragmatic hernia
Authors:   Obstetrică-Ginecologie, Institutul Naţional pentru Sănătatea Mamei şi Copilului „Alessandrescu-Rusescu“, Bucureşti, România, DANCIU Bianca Mihaela , DIMA Vlad ,   Neonatologie, Spitalul Clinic Filantropia, Bucureşti, România, BOGHIȚOIU Dora ,   Spitalul Clinic de Urgenţă pentru Copii „Grigore Alexandrescu”, Bucureşti, România,   Pediatrie, Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie „Carol Davila“, Bucureşti, România, STĂNESCU Ana Maria Alexandra ,   Medicină de familie, Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie „Carol Davila“, Bucureşti, România, SIMIONESCU Anca Angela ,   Obstetrică-Ginecologie, Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie „Carol Davila“, Bucureşti, România,   Obstetrică-Ginecologie, Spitalul Clinic Filantropia, Bucureşti, România
Published: September 2021

Congenital diaphragmatic hernia is a severe condition with an etiology and pathogenesis still been developed; also, the involvement of genetic and environmental factors in the occurrence of this malformation is under study. Morbi-mortality in these patients is high, and quality of life is diminished. Under these circumstances, careful follow-up of the pregnancy and multidisciplinary management after birth is needed to diagnose the malformation as early as possible and adapt the therapeutic plan to the particularities of each case. In conclusion, despite several research data in the literature concerning this topic, the management of newborn babies with congenital diaphragmatic hernia remains a severe challenge. The treatment of congenital diaphragmatic hernia remains the prerogative of overqualified teams.
Tooth extraction in patients on chronic anticoagulant treatment – preliminary results of a clinical prospective study
Authors:   Departamentul de Chirurgie Maxilo-Facială şi Radiologie, Facultatea de Medicină Dentară, Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie „Iuliu Haţieganu“ Cluj-Napoca, Roman Rareş C. , Miron Andreea ,   Spitalul Clinic Judeţean de Urgenţă Cluj-Napoca, Rotaru Horaţiu ,   Departamentul de Chirurgie Maxilo-Facială şi Radiologie, Facultatea de Medicină Dentară, Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie „Iuliu Haţieganu“ Cluj-Napoca, Văleanu Mădălina-Ana ,   Departamentul de Informatică Medicală şi Biostatistică, Faculatatea de Medicină, Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie „Iuliu Haţieganu“ Cluj-Napoca, Cumpătă Cristian-Niky ,   Facultatea de Medicină Dentară, Universitatea „Titu Maiorescu“ Bucureşti, Ţermure Dragoş ,   Spitalul Clinic Judeţean de Urgenţă Cluj-Napoca
Published: September 2021

Patients under anticoagulant treatment which needs dental extractions have a significant high risk of postoperative bleeding, in consequence they need either hospitalization or ambulatory postextractional monitoring. The objective of this study was while using Surgicel® as a socket local hemostat for extractions at patients under anticoagulants to prove his efficacy during a clinical prospective experimental study. We followed three groups of patients under anticoagulant treatment with single or multiple dental extractions: one group under oral anticoagulants (warfarin) and socket meshing with Surgicel®, one group under i.v. anticoagulants (heparin) and one control group under antithrombotics. Many parameters were observed and studied with special focus on postextractional hemorrhage. Results were statistically analyzed and they were compared with the latest findings on international literature. The study conclusions suggest using Surgicel® as viable intraalveolar hemostat which can reduce many postoperative bleeding accidents and avoid thrombotic risks associated with suppression of oral anticoagulant or heparin treatment.
The anaesthesic impact of an orthodontic appliance over a patient with a known ENT pathology requiring a minor surgery
Authors:   Institutul de Fonoaudiologie şi Chirurgie Funcţională ORL „Prof. Dr. Dorin Hociotă“, Bucureşti, Moscaliuc Bogdan , Zainea Viorel ,   Institutul de Fonoaudiologie şi Chirurgie Funcţională ORL „Prof. Dr. Dorin Hociotă“, Bucureşti,   Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie „Carol Davila“, Bucureşti, Hainăroşie Răzvan ,   Institutul de Fonoaudiologie şi Chirurgie Funcţională ORL „Prof. Dr. Dorin Hociotă“, Bucureşti, Nisipaşu Cosmin ,   Universitatea „Titu Maiorescu“, Bucureşti
Published: September 2021

We have a patient with an orthodontic appliance wich makes unachievable the first intubation maneuver wich was necessary because of the known ORL pathology, a „laryngeal web“. It was necessary to modify the anaesthesic plan by using fiberoptic laryngoscopy.
PSYCHOLOGICAL FEATURES ASSOCIATED WITH GALLSTONE DISEASE
Authors:   Nephrology Department, Bucharest Emergency University Hospital, „Carol Davila“ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Dragos Dorin , Tanasescu Maria D. ,   Nephrology Department, Bucharest Emergency University Hospital, „Carol Davila“ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Comsa Mihai O. ,   Nephrology Department, Bucharest Emergency University Hospital, „Carol Davila“ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Minca Alexandru ,   Nephrology Department, Bucharest Emergency University Hospital, „Carol Davila“ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Olteanu Dan ,   1st Internal Medicine Department, Bucharest Emergency University Hospital, „Carol Davila“ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest
Published: September 2021

The present study aims to identify and compare the psychological factors that may contribute to an individual’s predisposition for developing gallstone disease. Totally, 10,192 respondents to our specially designed triple questionnaire containing 614 psychological and medical items to assess the psychological features associated with gallstone disease were included in this cross-sectional study. The psychological items most strongly correlated with gallstone disease were those reflecting the tendency to self-sacrifice, hard-work, care for others, responsibility and discontent. At the heart of the gallstone-associated mindset seems to reside the inclination to frustrate one’s desires/interests for the sake of fulfilling one’s familial/social/professional duties/responsibilities.
Statistical analysis of the clinical data on alcohol-related pathology – note II
Authors:   CMI Alexe, Giurgiu, Alexe Costin Sorin , Dimcevici-Poesina Nicoleta ,   Facultatea de Farmacie, Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie „Carol Davila“, Bucureşti
Published: September 2021

This article presents problematic alcohol consumption in a medical district of Giurgiu and comparison with other areas of Romania and other parts of the world. Statistical analysis performed reveals similarities with studies on this subject in the literature, and as well as differences. It also highlighted the link between alcohol and somatic and mental pathology present in investigated patients.
Therapeutic considerations on Langerhans cell hystiocitosis patients
Authors:   Spitalul Clinic de Urgenţă pentru Copii „M.S. Curie“, Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie „Carol Davila“, Bucureşti, Gheorghe D.C. , Coman A. ,   Spitalul Clinic de Urgenţă pentru Copii „M.S. Curie“, Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie „Carol Davila“, Bucureşti, Zamfir-Chiru-Anton A. ,   Spitalul Clinic de Urgenţă pentru Copii „G. Alexandrescu“, Bucureşti
Published: September 2021

Objective. To emphasize diagnostic and therapeutical difficulties of tumoral diseases of the temporal bone in children. They need early clinical and imagistic addressing and full histologic examination, some of these tumors benefiting a favorable prognosis with proper oncologic therapy. Material and method. 2 patients with Langerhans cell hystiocitosis are presented, stressing clinical key points that account for late diagnosis and treatment. Conclusions. Surgery can be useful for local control of the disease. Use of conservative methods seems appropriate, in conjunction with oncologic therapy.
Minimally invasive hemodynamic monitoring in septic patient
Authors:   Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie „Carol Davila“, Bucureşti, Mirea Liliana ,   Clinica Anestezie şi Terapie Intensivă, Spitalul Clinic de Urgenţă Bucureşti, Grinţescu Ioana Marina ,   Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie „Carol Davila“, Bucureşti,   Clinica Anestezie şi Terapie Intensivă, Spitalul Clinic de Urgenţă Bucureşti
Published: September 2021

Sepsis is the predominant diagnosis in the intensive care – a severe pathology, which implies a significant consumption of resources. The septic shock is the most severe form of sepsis, characterized by a hemodynamic collapse, having a mortality between 40-50%, despite recent advances related to technology for monitoring or therapeutic possibilities. The key to improving the prognosis of these patients is the recovery of hemodynamic, including microcirculatory, limiting peripheral hypoperfusion period. The theoretical hemodynamic model of septic shock is rare in practice, patients are associating the elements of distributive shock, but also elements of hypovolemic shock or cardiogenic elements. Therefore, the parameters characterizing the macro-circulation, as those type mean blood pressure or central venous pressure are irrelevant in these circumstances and it is always required an advanced and continuous haemodynamic monitoring integrating such parameters obtained into the treatment decisions.
Nervous system therapies classification through the tridimensional vision of substance, information and energy
Authors:   Institutul Naţional de Neurologie şi Boli Neurovasculare Bucureşti, Toader Corneliu , Toader Mioriţa ,   Spitalul Clinic de Urgenţă pentru Copii „Grigore Alexandrescu“, Bucureşti, Drăghici Mircea ,   Dentirad Hospital, Ploieşti, Oprea Alina ,   Spitalul Clinic de Urgenţă pentru Copii „Grigore Alexandrescu“, Bucureşti, Şerbănică Andreea ,   Spitalul Clinic de Urgenţă pentru Copii „Grigore Alexandrescu“, Bucureşti, Neacşu Daniela ,   Spitalul Clinic de Urgenţă pentru Copii „Grigore Alexandrescu“, Bucureşti, Vivisenco Iolanda Cristina ,   Spitalul Clinic de Urgenţă pentru Copii „Grigore Alexandrescu“, Bucureşti
Published: September 2021

During its millenary approximation of reality, of understanding and conquering nature, the human knowledge has operated successively with the notions and concepts of substance, energy and information as different properties of substance and objective reality. It is known that there are different qualitative levels of organization for information within which the nervous system represent the highest level of complexity. Information has various levels of organization and different structures in the same manner as substance has distinct levels of evolvement and progress. The authors present a literature review for the classification of the nervous system therapies through the tridimensional vision of substance, information and energy.
Gamma Knife Stereotactic Radiosurgery (GKS) for the treatment of meningiomas – a study of 550 cases
Authors:   Departamentul de Terapii cu Energii Înalte, Spitalul Clinic de Urgenţă „Bagdasar-Arseni“, Bucureşti, Perin Radu , Stempurszki Rodica ,   Departamentul de Terapii cu Energii Înalte, Spitalul Clinic de Urgenţă „Bagdasar-Arseni“, Bucureşti, Ciubotaru Vasile ,   Clinica Neurochirurgie III, Spitalul Clinic de Urgenţă „Bagdasar-Arseni“, Bucureşti, Tataranu Ligia ,   Clinica Neurochirurgie III, Spitalul Clinic de Urgenţă „Bagdasar-Arseni“, Bucureşti
Published: September 2021

Introduction. Meningiomas are benign tumors which originate from the cells of the arachnoid granules. Meningiomas represent a special pathologic entity for neurosurgeons due to the fact that they can grow silently for a long time, and can affect important neural structures when they become symptomatic. The total resection of meningiomas is curative. For the meningiomas which are not surgically accessible and for reoccurrence. Gamma Knife radiosurgery (GKS) is a very efficient solution. Materials and methods. The study below presents the experience of the authors regarding the use of GKS for the treatment of meningiomas. The authors focus on a population of 550 patients diagnosed and treated for meningiomas over a period of 10 years at the „Bagdasar-Arseni“ University Hospital in Bucharest. This study compares the impact of GKS when performed alone or in association with open microneurosurgery. The authors assessed patients with tumors ranging between 1 and 42 cm3 in volume. GKS is used successfully to treat meningiomas, both independently and in association with open microsurgery. Results. The major complications of the treatment are represented by lack of response to treatment (7% of patients) and transient cerebral edema (22% of patients). A disturbing phenomenon happens in a few meningiomas of the convexity, with malignant edema (<1%). Conclusion. Given the multiple advantages it has, GKS is right now the tip of the spear regarding the therapeutical methods available for meningiomas. These tumors usually are benign in nature; however, a small percentage are malignant. Often, meningiomas cause no symptoms and require no immediate treatment. But the growth of benign meningiomas can cause serious problems. In some cases, such growth can be fatal. Typically, symptomatic meningiomas are treated with either radiosurgery or conventional surgery. When the tumors met in daily practice are larger than the therapeutical resources of the devices used for GKS, an open microsurgical approach may be attempted followed by stereotactic irradiation of the remnant tumor.
ESSENTIAL OILS, A POSSIBLE SOLUTION TO OVERCOME ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE CRISIS
Authors:   “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Department of Pediatrics, First Pediatric Clinic, Timisoara, Romania, Craciun Adrian-Vasile ,   “Louis Turcanu” Emergency Hospital for Children Timisoara, Romania, Chiru Daniela ,   niversity of Medicine and Pharmacy, Department of Pediatrics, First Pediatric Clinic, Timisoara, Romania,   “Louis Turcanu” Emergency Hospital for Children Timisoara, Romania, Marginean Otilia ,   niversity of Medicine and Pharmacy, Department of Pediatrics, First Pediatric Clinic, Timisoara, Romania,   “Louis Turcanu” Emergency Hospital for Children Timisoara, Romania
Published: September 2021

Having emerged as an ideal solution against pathogenic microorganisms, antimicrobial medication seems to have lost the battle today. The ability of the living world to survive and adapt exceeds the synthetic products power of action, leading us today to a real crisis of microbial resistance to antibiotics. An unexpected solution may come also from the bosom of nature, by reconsidering the role and place of the essential oils as antimicrobial combat weapons. Defensive mechanisms created by nature, the essential oils demonstrate extraordinary antibacterial, antiviral and antifungal activity. They also help the synthetic antibiotics in their battle. Among the essential oils and the antibiotics, often intervene synergistic or additive interactions. The essential oils favor the antibiotics to penetrate through the cell wall and to extend their action spectrum. Undoubtedly, essential oils can be of crucial help in the current medical practice, through their complex antibacterial, antiviral and antifungal action.
What is behind genetics of diabetes?
Authors:   Institutul Naţional de Diabet, Nutriţie şi Boli Metabolice „N.C. Paulescu“, Bucureşti, Ionescu-Tîrgovişte C. , Tudorică Elena Nicoleta ,   Institutul Naţional de Diabet, Nutriţie şi Boli Metabolice „N.C. Paulescu“, Bucureşti, Toma Nicoleta ,   Institutul Naţional de Diabet, Nutriţie şi Boli Metabolice „N.C. Paulescu“, Bucureşti
Published: September 2021

The modern era of diabetes, which began in the early nineteenth century, continues until now, despite the hopes that the genetic revolution will bring major clarifications, both in terms of defining diabetes, the classification of its different phenotypes, the pathogenetic mechanisms and especially the finding of effective therapeutic solutions or even their prevention. Despite the useful information brought by genetic revolution, which refers primarily to identify structural or functional molecules associated with the various phenotypes, most of them expresed in pancreatic β-cell, the pancreatic genetic risk score, failed to improve prediction of diabetes. In the authors’ concept, the primary cause of diabetes, regardless of phenotype analyzed can be identified in β-cell secretory dysfunction, in turn, secondary to pancreatic β-cell inability to produce mature secretory vesicles, the only one able to respond promptly and efficiently to its physiological stimuli. The authors propose as indicator for the β-cell dysfunction, the increas of serum proinsulin, or better yet the ratio proinsulin / adiponectin.
Clinical and functional evaluation in patients with upper limb disability following traumatic peripheral nerve injury. Part I
Authors:   Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie „Carol Davila“, Bucureşti, Moise (Constantinovici) Mariana-Isabela , Nica Adriana Sarah ,   Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie „Carol Davila“, Bucureşti
Published: September 2021

Background. Current studies regarding the consequences of upper limb traumatic peripheral nerve injuries adresses both sensory-motor dysfunction and functioning, disability and pain issues. Aims. This article presents an overview of the biomedical literature regarding the available assessment methodologies and outcome measures used in research and clinical practice for the evaluation of upper limb function in the therapeutic management of posttraumatic upper limb peripheral nerve injuries and disability and their impact on patient’s functioning, health and quality of life. Design. Systematic review of the international biomedical literature. Methods. We used PubMedCentral database searches (PMC) of the last 10 years published literature. There were excluded scientific abstracts and articles that did not match to our search criteria, such as studies on brachial plexus injury, diabetic neuropathy, upper limb neurologic impairment due to Stroke, TBI or SCI, etc. Results and discussion. We selected 20 studies from the identified articles. We presented an overview of the main assessment methodologies and functional parameteres investigated in these studies.
THE CONTENT AND CRITERIA FOR THE ECONOMIC EXPERTISE OF CORRECTIVE RATES CALCULATED FOR LAND RENT VALUE
Authors:   Ivanovo State University of Chemistry and Technology, ASTRAKHANTSEVA IRINA A. , BALANDINA EKATERINA V. ,   Ivanovo State University of Chemistry and Technology, ASTRAKHANTSEV GUENNADY V. ,   Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, ZELENTSOVA EKATERINA S. ,   Ivanovo State University of Chemistry and Technology
Published: September 2021

The article is a continuation of the authors’ research on the method of establishing corrective coefficients when calculating the rent for land plots, the property for which is not delimited. Due to the absence of requirements in the legislation for the content of the expert opinion, the authors propose the content and structure of the economic examination carried out within the framework of the calculation of the correction coefficients. Based on the interests of the users of this opinion and compliance with the law, the authors distinguish two criteria for assessing the expertise: formal and essential requirements. Four stages of assessing and checking the quality of such an examination are proposed, and a procedure for carrying out such a check is prescribed, which can be used by various users of the final document.
MICROGRIDS FOR LOCAL POWER SUPPLY TO DECENTRALIZED CONSUMERS: A REVIEW OF INTERNATIONAL EXPERIENCE
Authors:   Volgograd State University, USACHEVA IRINA V. , PONOMAREVA LARISA V. ,   Volgograd State University, ANTONENKO VERONIKA V. ,   Volgograd State University
Published: September 2021

Local microgrids implemented in existing power grids are an effective solution to the problem of providing power to decentralized consumers. Due to the high penetration of distributed energy resources into power systems, microgrids demonstrate enormous advantages of providing efficient and reliable distribution networks with high flexibility and reliability. However, their implementation is complex, and institutional changes are needed to unlock their full potential. The purpose of this article is to review the existing literature and analyze institutional changes affecting the development of local microgrids.
MODERN CHALLENGES OF RUSSIAN AGRICULTURE
Authors:   Russian State Agrarian University - Timiryazev Moscow Agricultural Academy, GOLUBEV ALEXEY V. , GOLUBEVA ANNA A. ,   Saratov State Agrarian University
Published: September 2021

The classification of the challenges facing the Russian agriculture is carried out, which can be divided into natural and economic by origin, and by scale — into large, key and event-­jokers. Natural challenges include: global climate change; falling soil fertility; large differences in natural land productivity, which are poorly taken into account in the distribution of subsidies; high probability of large-­scale spread of new types of diseases and pests of agricultural plants and animals. Among the economic challenges are the low effective demand of the population; the lack of effective state regulation of intersectoral relations; the localization of agri-food markets; the decline in the competitiveness of domestic food due to technological lag and insufficient state support. However, Russian agriculture has a huge potential for growth, especially in the field of organic production. Against the background of the pandemic and deurbanization, rural areas can be considered as a huge space for the settlement of a large number of people.
MODERNIZATION OF THE SYSTEM OF TARGETED BENEFITS FOR FAMILIES WITH CHILDREN AS A FACTOR IN IMPROVING THE QUALITY OF HUMAN CAPITAL AND ECONOMIC GROWTH IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
Authors:   Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, ROMAIKIN PAVEL D.
Published: September 2021

The paper describes the characteristics of human capital as the most important factor of economic growth. The problem of improving the quality of human capital in the conditions of the critical socio-­economic situation of families with children in the Russian Federation is raised. The review of the existing mechanism of social support for families with children is carried out and its inconsistency with the existing challenges is revealed. Based on legal and statistical analysis, proposals are formulated for the creation of a targeted benefit for children under 18 years of age and its inclusion in the system of compulsory social insurance.
SUPPORT FOR DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION OF BUSINESS PROCESSES BASED ON THE DOMESTIC ELECTRONIC COMPONENT BASE
Authors:   Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, TELEGINA MARINA YU.
Published: September 2021

The purpose of this study was to study various areas of transformation of business processes based on the domestic electronic component base, which are fundamental for the creation of the latest competitive radio-electronic products in the Russian Federation. In the course of the study, a system analysis was used as the main research methodology, which makes it possible to identify a number of problems characteristic of this area of development and compare them with the achievements in the field of civil electronics in the domestic market.
ANALYSIS OF APPLICATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF DIFFERENT TYPES OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE FOR THE RUSSIAN ECONOMY
Authors:   Moscow Aviation Institute (National Research University), ERMOLAEV DANIL A.
Published: September 2021

Artificial intelligence (AI) technologies become widespread use. And due to the lack of a clear understanding of the types and principles of work, AI can be perceived negatively by the public. In this article, the analysis of various types of artificial intelligence for the development and application in the Russian economy is carried out. Studying this topic will help you have a clear understanding of AI technologies, which will expand its areas of application. A wide audience with a systematic understanding of AI, inthe future, will change approaches to consumption and production.
CONSTRUCTION SEGMENT IN SYRIA’S POST-CONFLICT ECONOMY
Authors:   Institute of Construction and Architecture of the Ural State Technical University, KOZHEVNIKOV KONSTANTIN I.
Published: September 2021

The article analyzes the post-conflict state of the Syrian Arab Republic-both at the level of the national economy as a whole, and mainly in the construction sector. At the stage of post-conflict reconstruction of the construction industry, it is necessary to make greater use of both traditional approaches to its development and international practice. The study confirms that it is important for Syria to step up the creation of joint ventures in the industry, including, if possible, with foreign participation (Russia, Iran, etc.), strengthen state support for the industry, and form the basis for creating expert procedures for managing construction costs and public-­­private partnerships in construction.
Strategies for Maximizing Detection Rate in Radio SETI
Authors: Houston Kenneth , Siemion Andrew , Croft Steve
Published: September 2021

The Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence (SETI) is a scientific and cultural effort seeking evidence of intelligent life beyond earth. Radio SETI observes the radio spectrum for “technosignatures” that could be produced by an advanced ET society. This work models radio SETI as an end-to-end system and focuses on narrowband intentional transmissions. We look at strategies to maximize the expected number of detections per year (DPY) of search. Assuming that ET civilizations will be associated with star systems, we want to maximize the number of stars that may be observed at one time. Assuming a representative star density, this requires maximizing the search volume in a cone defined by the detection range and field of view (FOV). The parameter trades are modified from the case where one simply maximizes the signal-to-noise ratio. Instead, a joint optimization between FOV and sensitivity is needed. Some implications: (1) Instead of focusing on the terrestrial microwave window of 1–10 GHz, frequencies below 1 GHz may be optimal for detection rate due to the larger FOV. (2) Arrays of smaller dishes should be favored compared to a single dish of equivalent area. (3) Aperture arrays are desirable due to their large potential FOV. Many radio telescopes under development will provide both high sensitivity and large FOV, and should offer much improved SETI detection rates. Still higher DPY is needed, however, to achieve results in reasonable time horizons, which should be possible by greatly expanding computation capability to the next-generation wide-FOV antenna arrays.
Coherent Emission from QED Cascades in Pulsar Polar Caps
Authors: Cruz Fábio , Grismayer Thomas , Chen Alexander Y. , Spitkovsky Anatoly , Silva Luis O.
Published: September 2021

Pulsar magnetospheres are thought to be filled with electron–positron plasma generated in pair cascades. The driving mechanism of these cascades is the emission of gamma-ray photons and their conversion into pairs via quantum electrodynamics (QED) processes. In this work, we present 2D particle-in-cell simulations of pair cascades in pulsar polar caps with realistic magnetic field geometry that include the relevant QED processes from first principles. Our results show that, due to variation of magnetic field curvature across the polar cap, pair production bursts self-consistently develop an inclination with respect to the local magnetic field that favors the generation of coherent electromagnetic modes with properties consistent with pulsar radio emission. We show that this emission is peaked along the magnetic axis and close to the polar cap edge and may thus offer an explanation for the core and conal components of pulsar radio emission.
Triggered Ion-acoustic Waves in the Solar Wind
Authors: Mozer F. S. , Vasko I. Y. , Verniero J. L.
Published: September 2021

For more than 12 hr beginning on 2021 January 18, continuous narrowband electrostatic emissions were observed on the Parker Solar Probe near 20 solar radii. The observed <1000 Hz frequencies were well below the local ion-plasma frequency. Surprisingly, the emissions consisted of electrostatic wave packets with shock-like envelopes, appearing repetitively at a ∼1.5 Hz rate. This repetitiveness correlated and was in phase with low-frequency electromagnetic fluctuations. The emissions were associated with simultaneously observed ion beams and conditions favorable for ion-acoustic wave excitation, i.e., Te/Ti ∼ 5. Based on this information and on their velocity estimates of about 100 km s−1, these electrostatic emissions are interpreted as ion-acoustic waves. Their observation demonstrates a new regime of instability and evolution of oblique ion-acoustic waves that have not been reported previously in theory or experiment.
Gemini Speckle Imaging of Dual Quasar Candidates
Authors: Howell Steve B. , Shen Yue , Furlan E. , Gnilka Crystal L. , Stephens Andrew W.
Published: September 2021

We observed the candidate dual quasar J2122−0026 with speckle interferometric imaging at the Gemini-North Observatory. Results of our one-hour high resolution ‘Alopeke imaging observation agree with and confirm Hubble Space Telescope imaging of the pair separated at ∼0.″5. These observations show that sub-arcsec dual quasar candidates as faint as r ∼ 19 can be observed and detected using speckle imaging at Gemini.

“Do not go where the path may lead, go instead where there is no path and leave a trail.”

Ralph Waldo Emerson
Morphological and phylogenetic evidence for recognition of two new species of Hyphoderma (Basidiomycota) from southern China, with a key to all Chinese Hyphoderma
Authors: Guan Qian-Xin , Li Yi-Fei , Zhao Chang-Lin
Published: September 2021

Wood-inhabiting fungi play crucial roles as decomposers in forest ecosystems and, in this study, two new wood-inhabiting corticioid fungi, Hyphoderma puerense and H. tenuissimumspp. nov., are proposed, based on a combination of morphological features and molecular evidence. Hyphoderma puerense is characterised by effused basidiomata with smooth to floccose hymenial surface, a monomitic hyphal system with clamped generative hyphae and ellipsoid basidiospores. Hyphoderma tenuissimum is characterised by resupinate basidiomata with tuberculate to minutely-grandinioid hymenial surface, septate cystidia and cylindrical to allantoid basidiospores. Sequences of ITS and nLSU rRNA markers of the studied samples were generated and phylogenetic analyses were performed with Maximum Likelihood, maximum parsimony and Bayesian Inference methods. These analyses showed that the two new species clustered into Hyphoderma, in which H. puerense grouped with H. moniliforme and H. tenuissimum formed a singleton lineage. In addition, an identification key to Chinese Hyphoderma is provided.
Re-appraisal of Nertera (Rubiaceae) in Taiwan
Authors: Chen Wei-Chih , Wang Chih-Chiang , Chang Kun-Cheng
Published: September 2021

A revision ofNertera(Rubiaceae) in Taiwan was carried out by classical taxonomic methods and the presence of two endemic species was confirmed. Only one species, misapplied asN. granadensis, had been reported in the second edition of “Flora of Taiwan”, but there were two additional endemic species in this genus:N. nigricarpaandN. taiwanianaconfirmed.Nertera nigricarpais characterised by the entire leaf, purple-black petals, black fruits and dark-purple seeds with raised striate.Nertera taiwanianahas leaves with undulated margins, yellowish-green petals, red fruits and yellow-white seeds without striate.N. granadensisis excluded from the flora of this Island.
COVID-19 and Transgender and Gender Expansive Children and Youth
Authors: Ehrensaft Diane
Published: September 2021

The coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic has put strains on transgender and gender expansive (TGE) children and youth, with increased rates of anxiety and depression, lower access to medical and mental health services, and greater exposure to unaccepting home environments. At the same time, for some of these young people, particularly those with supportive living situations, sheltering in place and online schooling has afforded them the opportunity to freely explore and consolidate their gender, protected from the strains of socially induced anxieties, and anticipated or experienced negative, hostile messages from their surrounding environment (ie, school or public meeting places). Culling from emerging data on the psychosocial effects of the pandemic on TGE children and youth, an argument is made for an understanding of these young people's experiences as both stress-inducing and resilience-building, each existing in dialectic tension with the other. Providers are called on to hold both in mind to fortify the biopsychosocial well-being of transgender and gender expansive children and youth.

[
Pediatr Ann
. 2021;50(9):e366–e370.]
Gender-Affirmative Eating Disorder Care: Clinical Considerations for Transgender and Gender Expansive Children and Youth
Authors: Geilhufe Ben , Tripp Oliver , Silverstein Scout , Birchfield Lindsay , Raimondo Marcella
Published: September 2021

Transgender and gender expansive (TGE) children and youth suffer staggering rates of discrimination and are at higher risk of developing eating disorder symptoms and behaviors than cisgender youth. This article presents an overview of current research on identified risk factors for the development of eating disorders for TGE children and youth; provides clinical considerations for professionals in providing gender-affirming, collaborative eating disorder care; outlines specific concepts for staff training and for developing gender-affirming systems of care including policies and practices; and identifies numerous resources for TGE children and youth and their families. The clinical considerations and suggested practices reflect current research and clinical practice. Both the gender-affirmative clinical field and the eating disorder field are constantly evolving, and the recommendations and resources will need ongoing updates to reflect developments in these fields.

[
Pediatr Ann
. 2021;50(9):e371–e378.]
Tickborne Illnesses
Authors: Liu Amy
Published: September 2021

Over the past two decades, tickborne diseases have demonstrated a steady rise in the United States, with several novel tickborne pathogens discovered. Tickborne illnesses vary by geography and seasonality secondary to the associated tick vector. Interestingly, the geographic range of these tick vectors are also expanding with many more counties reporting cases than the previous 20 years. The clinical presentation of tickborne infections can range from mild to fatal, thus early identification and empiric treatment is of utmost importance. This article reviews the most common tick-borne infections in the US, including epidemiology, clinical presentation, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention.

[
Pediatr Ann
. 2021;50(9):e350–e355.]
Divisar el dorado. Evidencias materiales de las conexiones interculturales en un ajedrez de cristal de roca y el sello de una condesa (ss. X-XI)
Authors: Martin Therese
Published: September 2021

Los restos de una brillante sustancia metálica parecida al oro en el ajedrez medieval de cristal de roca en la Catedral de Ourense y en el sello de Emessindis en la Catedral de Girona se publican aquí por primera vez, descubrimientos inesperados que abren nuevas vías para investigar la propiedad de tales objetos interculturales en Iberia, sobre todo por gobernantes femeninos, durante la plena Edad Media.
Las Observaciones sobre las Bellas Artes (1790-1791) de Isidoro Bosarte: la historia del arte como historia de la civilización durante las Luces
Authors: Crespo Delgado Daniel
Published: September 2021

Las Observaciones sobre las bellas artes entre los antiguos (1790-1791) de Isidoro Bosarte es una de las publicaciones sobre historia del arte más olvidadas del siglo XVIII. En este artículo se analizan algunos de sus contenidos y se proporcionan datos inéditos sobre su autor, cuya trayectoria es igualmente poco conocida. Sin embargo, el principal interés de las Observaciones reside en el contexto en el que se crearon y se presentaron al público. Escritas y leídas en la cátedra de historia literaria de la biblioteca de los Reales Estudios de Madrid, pueden ser consideradas una de las primeras conferencias públicas sobre historia del arte en España.
Qualitative Development of Students’ Digital Skills by Integrating a Spreadsheet Software in First Year Introduction to Engineering and Seminar Course
Authors: Sadikin Aziatul Niza Binti , Mustaffa Azizul Azri Bin , Hasbullah Hasrinah Binti , Zakaria Zaki Yamani Bin , Abd Hamid Mohd Kamaruddin Bin , Che Man Siti Hajjar Binti , Hassim Mimi Haryani Binti , Ab Aziz Muhammad Arif Bin , Mohd Yusof Khairiyah Binti
Published: September 2021

The Introduction to Engineering (ITE) and Industrial Seminar and

Profession (ISP) courses conducted at School of Chemical and Energy

Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, are integrated courses

which implement the Cooperative Problem-based Learning (CPBL)

methods in the same semester. Based on this integrated courses, the

main aim of this paper is to investigate the qualitative impact of

spreadsheet hands-on seminar on the first year students' digital skill.

At the beginning of the semester, students are given sustainability-based project to work on, which requires them to collect and to report

the data in a series of presentations and written reports. In order to

present those data, they need to use analysis tools such as a

spreadsheet software. The students are introduced with some in-depth applications of the Microsoft Excel software through the seminar

sessions in the ISP course. With the knowledge that the students gain,

they are expected to implement it in the CPBL project. A qualitative

approach has been adopted to implement the study. Student’s

reflections were used as the data source to identify common attributes

that they have managed to gain from seminar sessions. This study has found that all students had primarily learned about digital skills. They perceived hand-on activity during the seminar as a good platform to acquire knowledge on basic calculation and developed learning skill on Excel. Moreover, students recognized the skills they are learning will be useful in other courses and future careers.
The Effect of Computer Software Interaction on Students Cognitive Abilities Enhancement: The Case of Engineering Educators’ Perspective
Authors: Johnson Charles A. N. , Bin Daud Mohd Fadzil , Bin Arsat Mahyuddin , Bt. Wan Hussin Wan Nazdah , Egba Ernest Ituma
Published: September 2021

In this digital age, the deployment of modern technology in the workplace to mitigate global challenges has become paramount. Therefore, the academic program, as accredited by the regulatory and accreditation bodies, is to ensure the production of quality industry-ready engineering graduates. These products are expected to be technology savvy and proficiently skilled in using computer software (CS) for productivity towards engineering activities. Unfortunately, there exists a gap in the quality of the graduates produced by tertiary engineering institutions in the developing world. This gap can be associated with the lack of computational thinking (CT) skills to meet the industry needs in this age of IR 4.0. Therefore, the paper reports the engineering educators’ perceived contributions and gains achieved while employing computer software in the course of instruction towards the cognitive ability enhancement of the engineering students. It provides an in-depth exploratory inquiry into the deployment of CT and its impacts in engineering education while focusing on its integration at what level in the course of study. The research follows a phenomenographic research approach explored the experiences of engineering educators from different engineering disciplines in the higher education institutions, namely chemical, civil, electrical, and mechanical engineering, to gain valuable insights. Data collected through a semi-structured, in-depth interview was coded using NVivo 12 CAQDAS and analysed for relevant themes. The findings indicate a significant potential benefit of enhanced cognitive abilities leading to the development of special knowledge, generic intellectual abilities, and personal attributes. In addition, the integration of CS should be the focus of instruction at the most appropriate level of study to allow for considerable exposure to CS to achieve the desired learning outcome. These findings have direct implications on the engineering educators and students, engineering faculties, and other stakeholders.
Comprehensive Evaluation for Teaching Quality of College Faculty
Authors: Xia Nan , Yang Yanan
Published: September 2021

The fair, objective, scientific, and comprehensive evaluation of teaching quality helps college teachers improve the quality of teaching, and enables colleges to realize their goals of talent training. Therefore, it is important to find a way to comprehensively evaluate the teaching quality of college teachers. Drawing on the theories of analytic hierarchy process (AHP), this paper sets up an evaluation index system (EIS) for teaching quality of college teachers, and determines the weight of each index. Taking the teachers of a college for example, the multi-level fuzzy comprehensive evaluation (FCE) was carried out to quantify the teaching quality of these teachers. The results show that AHP and FCE can quantify and qualify the teaching quality at the same time. The combined use of the two techniques is applicable to comprehensive evaluation of teaching quality, and the assessment of a single factor, offering a complete understanding of the teaching quality of college teachers. The research provides a scientific way to evaluate the teaching quality of college teachers, and a realistic tool to enhance the teaching quality in colleges.
School Shootings and Trauma-Sensitive School Environment
Authors: Ildirim Ezgi
Published: September 2021

School shootings are traumatic events that have detrimental impacts on children. Studies revealed that after the school shooting children can suffer from traumatic symptoms which cause difficulties in learning and relationships. Traumas negatively affect developing brain structures of the children which can lead to long-term problems. For that reason, the trauma sensitive schools (TSS) model, which aimed to provide safe and secure environments for children, can be helpful to support the children and to improve their well-being after the school shooting.
Principles, Benefits, and Barriers to Community-Based Tourism
Authors: Afenyo-Agbe Ewoenam , Mensah Ishmael
Published: September 2021

Though CBT is an attractive model for the attainment of both community development and environmental conservation, its implementation is fraught with challenges. This chapter examines the principles, forms, barriers, and challenges to CBT. The chapter further proposes a model for the achievement of sustainable CBT and draws implications from the barriers and benefits for the management of CBT. The chapter begins with an explanation of the community concept which is defined in the context of community-based tourism. It continues with a review of some models of community participation. The chapter further assesses the rationale for community participation and examines the forms of CBT. Though community participation remains a good model for tourism development at the community level, there are several limitations that make the benefits unachievable, especially in developing countries. The chapter ends by proposing a model of sustainable CBT by drawing implications for the management of CBT projects.
Distributive Justice Issues in Community-Based Tourism
Authors: Agbo Victor Mawutor
Published: September 2021

Conventional tourism and its attendant challenges for nature and communities have necessitated the need for tourism to be more sustainable, equitable, and responsible, hence the introduction of community-based tourism (CBT). CBT was developed as a model and a viable instrument for poverty reduction, offering opportunities for conservation and rural economic development. However, despite the potential of CBT to generate welfare for communities, many initiatives have failed to deliver on their promises. Since tourism and justice issues cannot be separated from each other, concerns over the discussion of justice related issues have emerged as a community concept which requires critical investigation. This chapter presents a theoretical exploration of how justice is conceptualized, with an emphasis on distributive justice in the context of CBT, and how it is shaping the production of CBT. It also explores some critical approaches to tourism studies and practice and how justice for local communities is conceptualized in CBT contexts.
Strategies to Manage and Preserve Indigenous Knowledge
Authors: Baporikar Neeta
Published: September 2021

The knowledge society globally has made us realize that knowledge is an important resource in gaining not only a competitive advantage but also for social and economic development. Each society and country possesses some inherent information and knowledge, which is unique to its growth and development trajectory. This is ‘indigenous knowledge' or ‘local knowledge'. However, the method and approaches to preserve this ‘indigenous knowledge' or ‘local knowledge' is less known and neither understood by many, especially in the emerging economies. Hence, adopting a systematic literature review method and in-depth literature review, the aim of this chapter is to provide strategies to preserve and manage indigenous knowledge systems. Further, the chapter also provides a holistic approach to preserve and manage indigenous knowledge.
The Role of the University in Entrepreneurial Ecosystems
Authors: Guven Ahmet , Yildirim Yetkin
Published: September 2021

Entrepreneurial ecosystems (EEs) exist to allow new ideas to flourish. EEs are made of many component parts: investors, established businesses, government and other regulatory agencies, entrepreneurs, and universities. Universities serve many purposes in the EE. They are sources of innovation and research, as well as training grounds for new talent. As they exist currently, universities have the potential to make profound impacts on the EEs they participate in, but they also have room for improvement. This chapter will discuss universities' current contributions to entrepreneurial ecosystems, the ways that they fail to reach their potential, and potential changes and improvements that could better enable them to support and encourage innovation.
Learning Creativity and Students' Performance
Authors: Gonçalves Cátia , Lima Rua Orlando
Published: September 2021

This research aims to recognize the influence that creativity units/modules/seminars has on academic performance of students who attend. Consequently, the purpose of this study is to understand the impact that learning creativity has on Porto Accounting and Business School (ISCAP) students. Therefore, a quantitative methodology was developed through a questionnaire with 240 answers from ISCAP's students. The data was studied through reliability and explanatory factorial analysis in order to find the relation between the physical environment, learning climate, and learner engagement on the performance of students. The results show that the physical environment and learning climate have a positive influence on student performance but the same does not happen with the motivation of students. These findings focus on the necessity to improve the student engagement. It is recommended that ISCAP will take into account the factors that lead to the referred results so as to reform and develop new ways in which to improve student performance through student motivation.