bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Relational algorithms for multi-bulk-synchronous processors
Authors: Diamos Gregory , Wu Haicheng , Wang Jin , Lele Ashwin , Yalamanchili Sudhakar
Published: August 2013

Relational databases remain an important application infrastructure for organizing and analyzing massive volumes of data. At the same time, processor architectures are increasingly gravitating towards Multi-Bulk-Synchronous processor (Multi-BSP) architectures employing throughput-optimized memory systems, lightweight multi-threading, and Single-Instruction Multiple-Data (SIMD) core organizations. This paper explores the mapping of primitive relational algebra operations onto such architectures to improve the throughput of data warehousing applications built on relational databases.
Runtime elision of transactional barriers for captured memory
Authors: Carvalho Fernando Miguel , Cachopo João
Published: August 2013

In this paper, we propose a new technique that can identify transaction-local memory (i.e.
captured memory
), in managed environments, while having a low runtime overhead. We implemented our proposal in a well known STM framework (Deuce) and we tested it in STMBench7 with two different STMs: TL2 and LSA. In both STMs the performance improved significantly (4 times and 2.6 times, respectively). Moreover, running the STAMP benchmarks with our approach shows improvements of 7 times in the best case for the Vacation application.
TeamWork
Authors: Cai Yan , Zhai Ke , Wu Shangru , Chan W.K.
Published: August 2013

This paper presents the aim of TeamWork, our ongoing effort to develop a comprehensive dynamic deadlock confirmation tool for multithreaded programs. It also presents a refined object abstraction algorithm that refines the existing stack hash abstraction.
Towards an energy estimator for fault tolerance protocols
Authors: Diouri Mohammed El Mehdi , Glück Olivier , Lefèvre Laurent , Cappello Franck
Published: August 2013

Checkpointing protocols have different energy consumption depending on parameters like application features and platform characteristics. To select a protocol for a given execution, we propose an energy estimator that relies on an energy calibration of the considered platform and a user description of the execution settings.
Transient outwardly rectifying A currents are involved in the firing rate response to altered CO2 in chemosensitive locus coeruleus neurons from neonatal rats
Authors: Li Ke-Yong , Putnam Robert W.
Published: August 2013

The effect of hypercapnia on outwardly rectifying currents was examined in locus coeruleus (LC) neurons in slices from neonatal rats [postnatal day 3 (P3)–P15]. Two outwardly rectifying currents [4-aminopyridine (4-AP)-sensitive transient current and tetraethyl ammonium (TEA)-sensitive sustained current] were found in LC neurons. 4-AP induced a membrane depolarization of 3.6 ± 0.6 mV ( n = 4), while TEA induced a smaller membrane depolarization of 1.2 ± 0.3 mV ( n = 4). Hypercapnic acidosis (HA) inhibited both currents. The maximal amplitude of the TEA-sensitive current was reduced by 52.1 ± 4.5% ( n = 5) in 15% CO2 [extracellular pH (pHo) 7.00, intracellular pH (pHi) 6.96]. The maximal amplitude of the 4-AP-sensitive current was reduced by 34.5 ± 3.0% ( n = 6) in 15% CO2 (pHo 7.00, pHi 6.96), by 29.4 ± 6.8% ( n = 6) in 10% CO2 (pHo 7.15, pHi 7.14), and increased by 29.0 ± 6.4% ( n = 6) in 2.5% CO2 (pHo 7.75, pHi 7.35). 4-AP completely blocked hypercapnia-induced increased firing rate, but TEA did not affect it. When LC neurons were exposed to HA with either pHo or pHi constant, the 4-AP-sensitive current was inhibited. The data show that the 4-AP-sensitive current (likely an A current) is inhibited by decreases in either pHo or pHi. The change of the A current by various levels of CO2 is correlated with the change in firing rate induced by CO2, implicating the 4-AP-sensitive current in chemosensitive signaling in LC neurons.
Equilibrium Design Based on Design Thinking Solving: An Integrated Multicriteria Decision-Making Methodology
Authors: Feng Yi-Xiong , Gao Yi-Cong , Song Xuan , Tan Jian-Rong
Published: August 2013

A multicriteria decision-making model was proposed in order to acquire the optimum one among different product design schemes. VIKOR method was introduced to compute the ranking value of each scheme. A multiobjective optimization model for criteria weight was established. In this model, projection pursuit method was employed to identify a criteria weight set which could keep classification information of original schemes to the greatest extent, while PROMETHEE II was adopted to keep sorting information. Dominance based multiobjective simulated annealing algorithm (D-MOSA) was introduced to solve the optimization model. Finally, an example was taken to demonstrate the feasibility and efficiency of this model.
Simple Formation of Nanostructured Molybdenum Disulfide Thin Films by Electrodeposition
Authors: Ghosh S. K. , Srivastava C. , Nath S. , Celis J. P.
Published: August 2013

Nanostructured molybdenum disulfide thin films were deposited on various substrates by direct current (DC) electrolysis form aqueous electrolyte containing molybdate and sulfide ions. Post deposition annealing at higher temperatures in the range 450–700°C transformed the as-deposited amorphous films to nanocrystalline structure. High temperature X-ray diffraction studies clearly recorded the crystal structure transformations associated with grain growth with increase in annealing temperature. Surface morphology investigations revealed featureless structure in case of as-deposited surface; upon annealing it converts into a surface with protruding nanotubes, nanorods, or dumbbell shape nanofeatures. UV-visible and FTIR spectra confirmed about the presence of Mo-S bonding in the deposited films. Transmission electron microscopic examination showed that the annealed MoS2films consist of nanoballs, nanoribbons, and multiple wall nanotubes.
Suzuki-Type Fixed Point Results in Metric-Like Spaces
Authors: Shobkolaei Nabiollah , Sedghi Shaban , Roshan Jamal Rezaei , Hussain Nawab
Published: August 2013

We demonstrate a fundamental lemma for the convergence of sequences in metric-like spaces, and by using it we prove some Suzuki-typefixed point results in the setup of metric-like spaces. As an immediate consequence of our results we obtain certain recent results in partial metric spaces as corollaries. Finally, three examples are presented to verify the effectiveness and applicability of our main results.
Development of Product Data Model for Maintenance in Concrete Highway Bridges
Authors: Kubota Satoshi , Mikami Ichizou
Published: August 2013

The primary objective of this paper is to develop the product data models, in which systematic information is defined for accumulating, exchanging, and sharing in the maintenance of concrete highway bridges. The information requirement and existing issues and solutions were analyzed based on the life cycle and the standardization for sharing. The member data models and business data models that defined design and construction information and accumulated results information were developed. The maintenance business process in which project participants utilize the product data model was described as utilization scenario. The utilization frameworks which define information flow were developed.
Bayesian Sparse Estimation Using Double Lomax Priors
Authors: Gu Xiaojing , Leung Henry , Gu Xingsheng
Published: August 2013

Sparsity-promoting prior along with Bayesian inference is an effective approach in solving sparse linear models (SLMs). In this paper, we first introduce a new sparsity-promoting prior coined as Double Lomax prior, which corresponds to a three-level hierarchical model, and then we derive a full variational Bayesian (VB) inference procedure. When noninformative hyperprior is assumed, we further show that the proposed method has one more latent variable than the canonical automatic relevance determination (ARD). This variable has a smoothing effect on the solution trajectories, thus providing improved convergence performance. The effectiveness of the proposed method is demonstrated by numerical simulations including autoregressive (AR) model identification and compressive sensing (CS) problems.
An Unusual Presentation of Lupus in a Pediatric Patient
Authors: Master Sankar Raj Vimal
Published: August 2013

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease causing inflammatory tissue damage. Multiple organ damage can ensue with renal and neurological involvement carrying the worse prognosis. In this case report we present a 10-year-old African American girl who presented with abnormal choreiform movements, headache, weight loss, and fatigue. Detailed clinical examination with laboratory and imaging studies clinched the diagnosis of SLE. Echocardiogram revealed the presence of Libman-sacks endocarditis. Patient showed rapid resolution of symptoms with steroid therapy. A brief discussion on childhood onset lupus along with the varied clinical presentation is discussed.
Cytomorphological and Cytochemical Identification of Microglia
Authors: Das Sarma Subhajit , Chatterjee Koushik , Dinda Himadri , Chatterjee Dhriti , Das Sarma Jayasri
Published: August 2013

Microglia is one of the major resident immune cells in the central nervous system and is considered to be the key cellular mediator of neuroinflammatory processes. Identification of different Microglial states of activation by morphologic means has been one of the major challenges in the field of neurobiology of diseases. Therefore, microglial biology demands techniques to identify differing stages of microglia in different neuroanatomic locations as well as understanding the role of Microglia in different Neurological diseases. This present study is aimed towards summarizing the literature and for understanding the progress made in different Cytomorphological and Cytochemical techniques of identifying Microglia. This study also review recently used Immunohistochemistry techniques, along with Ultrastructural studies determining different morphological features of resting to activated phagocytic Microglia in a viral induced experimental animal model of neuroinflammation. Results revealed that chronic Microglial activation is considered to be an important component of neuronal dysfunction, injury, and loss (and hence to disease progression). Thus, Microglial research with special emphasis on identification of different activation states of Microglia has gradually become significant.
Daunorubicin, Cytarabine, and Cladribine Regimen Plus Radiotherapy and Donor Lymphocyte Infusion for Extramedullary Relapse of Acute Myeloid Leukemia after Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation
Authors: Sanna Marco , Caocci Giovanni , Vacca Adriana , Piras Eugenia , Orrù Federica , La Nasa Giorgio
Published: August 2013

Myeloid sarcoma is a rare tumor consisting of myeloid blasts that involve anatomic sites outside the bone marrow. Fatal prognosis is inevitable in patients with extramedullary relapse after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), and no standard treatments are available yet. We report the first case of extramedullary relapse after HSCT treated with a combination of daunorubicin, cytarabine, and cladribine (DAC) regimen plus radiotherapy and donor lymphocyte infusion (DLI). This treatment induced a new and durable remission in our patient. The favorable toxicity profile and the reduced cost make this combination worthy of further investigations.
Integration between Compost, Trichoderma harzianum and Essential Oils for Controlling Peanut Crown Rot under Field Conditions
Authors: Abdel-Kader Mokhtar M. , Abdel-Kareem Faried , El-Mougy Nehal S. , El-Mohamady R. S.
Published: August 2013

The effect of T. harzianum and some essential oils alone or in combination with compost on the peanut crown rot disease under field conditions was evaluated. Under laboratory conditions, results indicated that all concentrations of essential oils significantly reduced the growth of A. niger. Complete reduction was obtained with thyme and lemongrass oils at 0.5%. All T. harzianum isolates significantly reduced the growth of A. niger. The highest reduction was obtained with isolate no. 1 which reduced the growth by 81.1%. Under field conditions, results indicated that all treatments significantly reduced the peanut crown rot disease. The highest reduction was obtained with combined treatments (compost + T. harzianum + thyme and compost + T. harzianum + lemongrass) which reduced the disease incidence at both pre- and post-emergence growth stages, respectively. Similar trend corresponding to the previous treatments significantly increased the peanut yield which calculated as an increase in yield more than 75.0 and 80.0 during two growing seasons, respectively. It could be suggested that combined treatment between biocompost and essential oils might be used commercially for controlling peanut crown rot disease under field conditions.
[Retracted] Microwave Mediated Organic Reaction: A Convenient Approach for Rapid and Efficient Synthesis of Biologically Active Substituted 1,3‐Dihydro‐2H‐indol‐2‐one Derivatives
Authors: Panda Jnyanaranjan , Sahoo Biswa Mohan , Mishra Nikunja Kishor , Padhi Sai Krushna , Mishra Jitendriya
Published: August 2013

A simple and efficient method has been developed for the synthesis of 1,3‐dihydro‐2H‐indol‐2‐one derivatives using microwave irradiation technique. By taking advantage of the efficient source of energy of microwave, compound libraries for lead generation and optimization can be assembled in a fraction of time. In the present work, first the Schiff’s bases are synthesized by reaction of isatin with substituted anilines in the presence of acetic acid under microwave heating. Then the condensation of Schiff bases with different secondary amines in the presence of formaldehyde produces Mannich bases. The newly synthesized Mannich bases were characterized by means of spectral data and then evaluated for anthelmintic activity against Pheretima posthuma (Indian earthworm) and compared with standard albendazole. The compounds were evaluated at the concentrations of 10, 20, and 50 mg/mL. The effect of the standard drug albendazole at 10 mg/mL was also evaluated. The results of the present study indicate that some of the test compounds significantly demonstrated paralysis and also caused death of worms in a dose‐dependent manner.
A New Legendre Spectral Galerkin and Pseudo-Spectral Approximations for Fractional Initial Value Problems
Authors: Bhrawy A. H. , Alghamdi M. A.
Published: August 2013

We extend the application of the Galerkin method for treating the multiterm fractional differential equations (FDEs) subject to initial conditions. A new shifted Legendre-Galerkin basis is constructed which satisfies exactly the homogeneous initial conditions by expanding the unknown variable using a new polynomial basis of functions which is built upon the shifted Legendre polynomials. A new spectral collocation approximation based on the Gauss-Lobatto quadrature nodes of shifted Legendre polynomials is investigated for solving the nonlinear multiterm FDEs. The main advantage of this approximation is that the solution is expanding by a truncated series of Legendre-Galerkin basis functions. Illustrative examples are presented to ensure the high accuracy and effectiveness of the proposed algorithms are discussed.
Chemical Composition and Nutraceutical Potential of Indian Borage (Plectranthus amboinicus) Stem Extract
Authors: Bhatt Praveena , Joseph Gilbert Stanley , Negi Pradeep Singh , Varadaraj Mandyam Chakravarthy
Published: August 2013

The stem of Indian borage (Plectranthus amboinicus) was found to be an antioxidant rich fraction as evaluated by in vitro models such as DPPH free radical scavenging, reducing power assay, superoxide anion radical scavenging, and total antioxidant capacity. The extract also exhibited antiplatelet aggregation ability, antibacterial activity, and antiproliferative effect against cancer cell lines: Caco‐2, HCT‐15, and MCF‐7. Phytochemical evaluation of the extract revealed the occurrence of total phenolics (49.91 mg GAE/g extract), total flavonoids (26.6 mg RE/g extract), and condensed tannins (0.7 mg TAE/g extract). Among the major phenolics, rosmarinic acid (6.160 mg/g extract) was predominant, followed by caffeic acid (0.770 mg/g extract), rutin (0.324 mg/g extract), gallic acid (0.260 mg/g extract), quercetin (0.15 mg/g extract), and p‐coumaric acid (0.104 mg/g extract). The appreciable biological activity and presence of biomolecules in the methanolic extract of stem indicate its potential application as functional food ingredients and nutraceuticals.
Application of the Levenberg-Marquardt Scheme to the MUSIC Algorithm for AOA Estimation
Authors: Lee Joon-Ho , Cho Sung-Woo , Jeong So-Hee
Published: August 2013

We note that the cost function of the MUSIC (multiple signal classification) algorithm is quadratic in an array vector and that it can be expressed in a least squares form. Based on this observation, we present a rigorous Levenberg-Marquardt (LM) formulation of the MUSIC algorithm for simultaneous estimation of an azimuth and an elevation. We show a convergence property and compare the performance of the LM-based MUSIC algorithm with that of the standard MUSIC algorithm via Monte-Carlo simulation. We also compare the performance of the MUSIC algorithm with that of the Capon algorithm both for the standard implementation and for the LM-based implementation.
Integration of Seismic and Petrophysics to Characterize Reservoirs in “ALA” Oil Field, Niger Delta
Authors: Alao P. A. , Olabode S. O. , Opeloye S. A.
Published: August 2013

In the exploration and production business, by far the largest component of geophysical spending is driven by the need to characterize (potential) reservoirs. The simple reason is that better reservoir characterization means higher success rates and fewer wells for reservoir exploitation. In this research work, seismic and well log data were integrated in characterizing the reservoirs on “ALA” field in Niger Delta. Three‐dimensional seismic data was used to identify the faults and map the horizons. Petrophysical parameters and time‐depth structure maps were obtained. Seismic attributes was also employed in characterizing the reservoirs. Seven hydrocarbon‐bearing reservoirs with thickness ranging from 9.9 to 71.6 m were delineated. Structural maps of horizons in six wells containing hydrocarbon‐bearing zones with tops and bottoms at range of −2,453 to −3,950 m were generated; this portrayed the trapping mechanism to be mainly fault‐assisted anticlinal closures. The identified prospective zones have good porosity, permeability, and hydrocarbon saturation. The environments of deposition were identified from log shapes which indicate a transitional‐to‐deltaic depositional environment. In this research work, new prospects have been recommended for drilling and further research work. Geochemical and biostratigraphic studies should be done to better characterize the reservoirs and reliably interpret the depositional environments.
Recent Progress on the Factorization Method for Electrical Impedance Tomography
Authors: Harrach Bastian
Published: August 2013

The Factorization Method is a noniterative method to detect the shape and position of conductivity anomalies inside an object. The method was introduced by Kirsch for inverse scattering problems and extended to electrical impedance tomography (EIT) by Brühl and Hanke. Since these pioneering works, substantial progress has been made on the theoretical foundations of the method. The necessary assumptions have been weakened, and the proofs have been considerably simplified. In this work, we aim to summarize this progress and present a state-of-the-art formulation of the Factorization Method for EIT with continuous data. In particular, we formulate the method for general piecewise analytic conductivities and give short and self-contained proofs.
The Effect of Uncertainty in the Excitation on the Vibration Input Power to a Structure
Authors: Putra A. , Mace B. R.
Published: August 2013

In structural dynamic systems, there is inevitable uncertainty in the input power from a source to a receiver. Apart from the nondeterministic properties of the source and receiver, there is also uncertainty in the excitation. This comes from the uncertainty of the forcing location on the receiver and, for multiple contact points, the relative phases, the force amplitude distribution at those points, and also their spatial separation. This paper investigates quantification of the uncertainty using possibilistic or probabilistic approaches. These provide the maximum and minimum bounds and the statistics of the input power, respectively. Expressions for the bounds, mean, and variance are presented. First the input power from multiple point forces acting on an infinite plate is examined. The problem is then extended to the input power to a finite plate described in terms of its modes. The uncertainty due to the force amplitude is also discussed. Finally, the contribution of moment excitation to the input power, which is often ignored in the calculation, is investigated. For all cases, frequency band-averaged results are presented.
Spatial TinyDB: A Spatial Sensor Database System for the USN Environment
Authors: Kim Dong-Oh , Liu Lei , Shin In-Su , Kim Jeong-Joon , Han Ki-Joon
Published: August 2013

For the Ubiquitous Sensor Network (USN) environment, which generally uses spatial as well as aspatial sensor data, a sensor database system to manage these data is essential. For this reason, sensor database systems such as TinyDB and Cougar are being developed by researchers. However, as most of these systems do not support spatial data types and spatial operators for managing spatial sensor data, they are not suitable for the USN environment. Therefore, in this paper, we design and implement Spatial TinyDB which is a spatial sensor database system that extends TinyDB to support spatial data types and spatial operators for the efficient management of spatial sensor data. In particular, Spatial TinyDB provides memory management and filtering functions to reduce system overload caused by sensor data streams. Finally, we prove that Spatial TinyDB is superior by comparing its actual performance, in terms of execution time, accuracy, and memory usage, with that of TinyDB.
Symbolic Solution to Complete Ordinary Differential Equations with Constant Coefficients
Authors: Navarro Juan F. , Pérez-Carrió Antonio
Published: August 2013

The aim of this paper is to introduce a symbolic technique for the computation of the solution to a complete ordinary differential equation with constant coefficients. The symbolic solution is computed via the variation of parameters method and, thus, constructed over the exponential matrix of the linear system associated with the homogeneous equation. This matrix is also symbolically determined. The accuracy of the symbolic solution is tested by comparing it with the exact solution of a test problem.
Monotone-Iterative Method for Solving Antiperiodic Nonlinear Boundary Value Problems for Generalized Delay Difference Equations with Maxima
Authors: Golev Angel , Hristova Snezhana , Nenov Svetoslav
Published: August 2013

A nonlinear generalized difference equation with both delays and the maximum value of the unknown function over a discrete past time interval are studied. A nonlinear boundary value problem of antiperiodic type for the given difference equation is set up. One of the main characteristics of the considered difference equation is the presence of the unknown function in both sides of the equation. It leads to impossibility for using the step method for explicit solving of the nonlinear difference equation. In this paper, an approximate method, namely, the monotone iterative technique, is applied to solve the problem. An important feature of the given algorithm is that each successive approximation of the unknown solution is equal to the unique solution of an appropriately constructed initial value problem for a linear difference equation with “maxima,” and an algorithm for its explicit solving is given. Also, each approximation is a lower/upper solution of the given nonlinear boundary value problem. The suggested scheme for approximate solving is computer realized, and it is applied to a particular example, which is a generalization of a model in population dynamics.
-Algebras from Groupoids on Self-Similar Groups
Authors: Yi Inhyeop
Published: August 2013

We show that the Smale spaces from self-similar groups are topologically mixing and their stable algebra and stable Ruelle algebra are strongly Morita equivalent to groupoid algebras of Anantharaman-Delaroche and Deaconu. And we show that associated to a postcritically finite hyperbolic rational function is anAT-algebra of real-rank zero with a unique trace state.
Performance Analysis on Transfer Platforms in Frame Bridge Based Automated Container Terminals
Authors: Hu Hongtao , Lee Byung Kwon , Huang Youfang , Lee Loo Hay , Chew Ek Peng
Published: August 2013

This paper studies a new automated container terminal (ACT) system which utilizes multistory frame bridges and rail-mounted trolleys to transport containers between the quay and the yard. Beside typical ACT systems use trucks or automated guided vehicles for transporting containers between quay cranes and yard cranes, the new design uses three types of handling machines, namely, ground trolleys (GTs), transfer platforms (TPs), and frame trolleys (FTs). These three types of handling machines collaborate with one another to transport containers. This study decomposes the system into several subsystems. Each subsystem has one TP and several FTs and GTs dedicated to this TP. Then, a Markov chain model is developed to analyze the throughput of TPs. At last, the performance of the new ACT system is estimated. Sensitivity analyzes the numbers, and the processing rates of trolleys are conducted through the numeric experiments.
Primary Angioplasty for Cardiac Allograft Vasculopathy Presenting as ST-Elevation Acute Myocardial Infarction during Endomyocardial Biopsy
Authors: Nascimento Bruno Ramos , Gomes Thalles Oliveira , Borges Júlio César , Athayde Guilherme Rafael Sant’Anna , de Andrade Sílvio Amadeu , Moreira Maria da Consolação Vieira
Published: August 2013

Cardiac allograft vasculopathy is still a major issue, with significative mortality in heart transplant patients, and the best therapeutic options are not yet established. The progressively higher survival rates after transplantation have made it a major concern. This is a case report about a patient who underwent cardiac transplantation due to chagasic cardiomiopathy. During an endomyocardial biopsy more than 2 years after the transplant, the patient arrested in ventricular fibrillation, with ST-elevation in anterior leads after defibrillation. The angiography showed total occlusion of proximal left anterior descending artery, promptly treated with primary angioplasty, with excellent angiographic and clinical results.
Hypoxic Culture Conditions as a Solution for Mesenchymal Stem Cell Based Regenerative Therapy
Authors: Haque Nazmul , Rahman Mohammad Tariqur , Abu Kasim Noor Hayaty , Alabsi Aied Mohammed
Published: August 2013

Cell‐based regenerative therapies, based on in vitro propagation of stem cells, offer tremendous hope to many individuals suffering from degenerative diseases that were previously deemed untreatable. Due to the self‐renewal capacity, multilineage potential, and immunosuppressive property, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are considered as an attractive source of stem cells for regenerative therapies. However, poor growth kinetics, early senescence, and genetic instability during in vitro expansion and poor engraftment after transplantation are considered to be among the major disadvantages of MSC‐based regenerative therapies. A number of complex inter‐ and intracellular interactive signaling systems control growth, multiplication, and differentiation of MSCs in their niche. Common laboratory conditions for stem cell culture involve ambient O2 concentration (20%) in contrast to their niche where they usually reside in 2–9% O2. Notably, O2 plays an important role in maintaining stem cell fate in terms of proliferation and differentiation, by regulating hypoxia‐inducible factor‐1 (HIF‐1) mediated expression of different genes. This paper aims to describe and compare the role of normoxia (20% O2) and hypoxia (2–9% O2) on the biology of MSCs. Finally it is concluded that a hypoxic environment can greatly improve growth kinetics, genetic stability, and expression of chemokine receptors during in vitro expansion and eventually can increase efficiency of MSC‐based regenerative therapies.
Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis Presenting as Uncontrolled Asthma
Authors: Rawlins Frederic A. , Hull James E. , Morgan Julia A. , Morris Michael J.
Published: August 2013

Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is an uncommon disorder affecting primarily young adult smokers. It is characterized by abnormal proliferation of Langerhans cells, specialized monocyte-macrophage lineage antigen-presenting cells. LCH can affect the lungs in isolation or as part of a systemic disease. Most commonly, the disease presents in the third or fourth decade without gender predominance. Symptoms typically include dyspnea and cough. Commonly, physical examination is unremarkable but cor pulmonale may be observed in advanced disease. The chest radiograph is typically abnormal with nodular or interstitial infiltrates and cystic changes. High-resolution computed tomography of the chest with these findings in the middle and upper lobes of an adult smoker is virtually diagnostic of LCH. Pulmonary function assessment is variable. Asthma has rarely been reported in association with this disorder. There are only three reported cases of the diagnosis of concomitant asthma which have been made in association with the diagnosis of LCH. We present a case in which our patient presented with signs and symptoms of asthma to include confirmatory findings of airway hyperresponsiveness. The diagnosis of LCH was established after the patient failed to respond to conventional treatment for asthma, and further evaluation was completed.
Modeling and Optimization of Stochastic Joint Replenishment and Delivery Scheduling Problem with Uncertain Costs
Authors: Wang Lin , Qu Hui , Li Yanhui , He Jing
Published: August 2013

The stochastic joint replenishment and delivery scheduling (JRD) problem is a key issue in supply chain management and is a major concern for companies. So far, all of the work on stochastic JRDs is under explicit environment. However, the decision makers often have to face vague operational conditions. We develop a practical JRD model with stochastic demand under fuzzy backlogging cost, fuzzy minor ordering cost, and fuzzy inventory holding cost. The problem is to determine procedures for inventory management and vehicle routing simultaneously so that the warehouse may satisfy demand at a minimum long-run average cost. Subsequently, the fuzzy total cost is defuzzified by the graded mean integration representation and centroid approaches to rank fuzzy numbers. To find optimal coordinated decisions, a modified adaptive differential evolution algorithm (MADE) is utilized to find the minimum long-run average total cost. Results of numerical examples indicate that the proposed JRD model can be used to simulate fuzzy environment efficiently, and the MADE outperforms genetic algorithm with a lower total cost and higher convergence rate. The proposed methods can be applied to many industries and can help obtaining optimal decisions under uncertain environment.
A Polynomial Representation and a Unique Code of a Simple Undirected Graph
Authors: Ghosh Shamik , Sen Gupta Raibatak , Sen M. K.
Published: August 2013

We introduce a representation of simple undirected graphs in terms of polynomials and obtain a unique code for a simple undirected graph.
Impulsive Synchronization and Adaptive-Impulsive Synchronization of a Novel Financial Hyperchaotic System
Authors: Chai Xiuli , Gan Zhihua , Shi Chunxiao
Published: August 2013

The impulsive synchronization and adaptive-impulsive synchronization of a novel financial hyperchaotic system are investigated. Based on comparing principle for impulsive functional differential equations, several sufficient conditions for impulsive synchronization are derived, and the upper bounds of impulsive interval for stable synchronization are estimated. Furthermore, a nonlinear adaptive-impulsive control scheme is designed to synchronize the financial system using invariant principle of impulsive dynamical systems. Moreover, corresponding numerical simulations are presented to illustrate the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed methods.
Condition Evaluation of Large Generator Stator Insulation Based on Partial Discharge Measurement
Authors: Li Ruihua , Pan Ling , Yan Chen , Li Hao , Hu Bo
Published: August 2013

The large generator faults are mostly from the stator insulation, which is aged by exposure to a combination of thermal, electrical, mechanical, and harsh environment stresses. Condition evaluation of stator insulation is an important measure of ensuring the safe operation and extending the remaining life of large generator. In this paper, a diagnosis method based on the partial discharge (PD) measurement was used for the condition evaluation of the stator insulation. The statistical parameters of partial discharge phase resolved distribution were proposed to assess the aging condition of stator insulation. A partial least square (PLS) approach was used to explore and extract relationships between the statistical parameters of partial discharge distribution with physical properties and performance such as electrical breakdown strength. Results of the PD testing and statistical analysis show that the statistical parameter Sk extent of partial discharge distribution changes much more remarkably with the aging time than do the other parameters. The statistical parameter Sk can be considered as a potential indicator of stator insulation aging. The PLS approach can effectively assess the stator insulation aging condition and can provide a predictive capability for the stator insulation diagnosis.
Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea Display Increased Carotid Intima Media: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Nadeem Rashid , Harvey Michael , Singh Mukesh , Khan Ahmed Abdullah , Albustani Mustafa , Baessler Aaron , Madbouly Essam M. , Sajid Hassan , Khan Mahnoor , Navid Nayab
Published: August 2013

Background. Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is associated with coronary artery disease. Intermittent hypoxia associated with OSA increases sympathetic activity and may cause systemic inflammation, which may contribute to atherosclerosis leading to an increase in the size of carotid intima media thickness (CIMT).Methods. PubMed and Cochrane library were reviewed by utilizing different combinations of key words: sleep apnea, carotid disease, intima media thickness, and carotid atherosclerosis. Inclusion criteria were English articles; studies with adult population with OSA and without OSA; CIMT recorded by ultrasound in mean and standard deviation or median with 95% confidence interval; and OSA defined as apnea hypopnea index of ≥5/h. A total of 95 studies were reviewed for inclusion, with 16 studies being pooled for analysis.Results. Ninety-five studies were reviewed, while 16 studies were pooled for analysis; since some studies have more than one data set, there were 25 data sets with 1415 patients being pooled for meta-analysis. All studies used ultrasound to measure CIMT. CIMT standardized difference in means ranged from −0.883 to 8.01. The pooled standardized difference in means was 1.40 (lower limit 0.996 to upper limit 1.803, (P<0.0001).Conclusion. Patients with OSA appear to have increased CIMT suggestive of an atherosclerotic process.
Schiff Bases: A Versatile Pharmacophore
Authors: Kajal Anu , Bala Suman , Kamboj Sunil , Sharma Neha , Saini Vipin
Published: August 2013

Schiff bases are condensation products of primary amines with carbonyl compounds gaining importance day by day in present scenario. Schiff bases are the compounds carrying imine or azomethine (–C=N–) functional group and are found to be a versatile pharmacophore for design and development of various bioactive lead compounds. Schiff bases exhibit useful biological activities such anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antimicrobial, anticonvulsant, antitubercular, anticancer, antioxidant, anthelmintic, antiglycation, and antidepressant activities. Schiff bases are also used as catalysts, pigments and dyes, intermediates in organic synthesis, polymer stabilizers, and corrosion inhibitors. The present review summarizes information on the diverse biological activities and also highlights the recently synthesized numerous Schiff bases as potential bioactive core.
Optimization of -Cycle Placement for Differentiated Levels of Protection
Authors: Li Hong Hui , Fu Xue Liang
Published: August 2013

This paper develops a new scalable and efficient model for the design ofp-cycles with the differentiated levels of node protection. The proposed model allows the indicated level of node survivability ranging from 0% to 100%, which could facilitate a carrier offer node-failure survivability (and hence availability) on a differentiated service basis. To designp-cycles, an integer linear program (ILP) is usually formulated with the prerequisite of a prior enumeration of all possiblep-cycle candidates. A huge number of candidates may exist in a large-scale network. Thus, the resulting ILP becomes intractable. We propose a new design and solution method based on large-scale optimization techniques, known as column generation (CG). With CG, our design method generatesp-cycle candidates dynamically when needed. Extensive experiments have been conducted for evaluation. The numerical results show that, with the spare capacity used only for link protection, up to 50% node-failure survivability can be achieved for free. Full node protection can be achieved at a marginal cost in comparison with those for link protection only.
Rehabilitation of Back Extensor Muscles' Inhibition in Patients with Long-Term Mechanical Low-Back Pain
Authors: Mbada Chidozie Emmanuel , Ayanniyi Olusola , Ogunlade Samuel Olusegun , Orimolade Elkanah Ayodele , Oladiran Ajibola Babatunde , Ogundele Abiola Oladele
Published: August 2013

This study investigated the effect of static or dynamic back extensors endurance exercise in combination with McKenzie Protocol (MP) in patients with Long-term Mechanical Low-Back Pain (LMLBP). This randomized controlled trial involved 84 patients, who were assigned into MP Group (MPG), MP plus Static Back Extensors Endurance (SBEE) Exercise Group (MPSBEEG), or MP plus Dynamic Back Extensors’ Endurance (DBEE) Exercise Group (MPDBEEG). Twenty-five, 22, and 20 participants in MPG, MPSBEEG, and MPDBEEG, respectively, completed the thrice weekly eight-week study (drop-out rate = 20.2%) and outcomes were measured in terms of SBEE, DBEE, and Back Muscles Fatigue (BMF) at the 4th and 8th week, respectively. There were significant differences in groups mean change scores on SBEE (, and  sec), DBEE (, , and rep), and BMF (, , and ) at week 4, and SBEE (, , and  sec), DBEE (, , and reps), BMF (, , and ) at week 8, respectively (). It was concluded that MP alone, or in combination with SBEE or DBEE, exercise was effective in the rehabilitation of back extensors’ endurance and fatigability in patients with LMLBP. However, the addition of SBEE to MP led to significantly higher positive effects.
Nanocrystalline Cellulose as Effect Pigment in Clear Coatings for Wood
Authors: Vlad-Cristea Mirela Simona , Landry Véronic , Blanchet Pierre , Ouellet-Plamondon Claudiane
Published: August 2013

Nanocrystalline cellulose (CNC) is a renewable material with high potential in many applications. Due to its unique self-assembly and optical properties, CNC tends to behave as an iridescent pigment. The aim of this research was to explore the potential of CNC as an effect pigment in wood coatings. CNC-based coatings were developed from an aqueous CNC solution, a UV-curable water-based clear coating formulation, several colorants, and specialized additives. In this paper, the morphology of the resulting CNC films was investigated through circular dichroism and optical microscopy under polarized light. The effect of the CNC surface charge changes was monitored through zeta potential measurements. Color changes, or travel, and flop index were used to assess the iridescent effect of the coatings containing CNC. The experimental wood coatings contained CNC showed that the enhancement of the iridescent effect depends on the distribution and alignment of the CNC rod-like particles in order to generate the right pitch in the helical structure and their interaction with the polymer matrix as well with the additives. In conclusion, CNC could be successfully used as effect pigment in finishing systems, which can enhance the attractiveness and bring out the special grain of various types of wood.
Knee Point Search Using Cascading Top‐k Sorting with Minimized Time Complexity
Authors: Wang Zheng , Tseng Shian-Shyong
Published: August 2013

Anomaly detection systems and many other applications are frequently confronted with the problem of finding the largest knee point in the sorted curve for a set of unsorted points. This paper proposes an efficient knee point search algorithm with minimized time complexity using the cascading top‐k sorting when a priori probability distribution of the knee point is known. First, a top‐k sort algorithm is proposed based on a quicksort variation. We divide the knee point search problem into multiple steps. And in each step an optimization problem of the selection number k is solved, where the objective function is defined as the expected time cost. Because the expected time cost in one step is dependent on that of the afterwards steps, we simplify the optimization problem by minimizing the maximum expected time cost. The posterior probability of the largest knee point distribution and the other parameters are updated before solving the optimization problem in each step. An example of source detection of DNS DoS flooding attacks is provided to illustrate the applications of the proposed algorithm.
Integrative Radiogenomic Profiling of Squamous Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Abazeed Mohamed E. , Adams Drew J. , Hurov Kristen E. , Tamayo Pablo , Creighton Chad J. , Sonkin Dmitriy , Giacomelli Andrew O. , Du Charles , Fries Daniel F. , Wong Kwok-Kin , Mesirov Jill P. , Loeffler Jay S. , Schreiber Stuart L. , Hammerman Peter S. , Meyerson Matthew
Published: August 2013

Radiotherapy is one of the mainstays of anticancer treatment, but the relationship between the radiosensitivity of cancer cells and their genomic characteristics is still not well defined. Here, we report the development of a high-throughput platform for measuring radiation survival in vitro and its validation in comparison with conventional clonogenic radiation survival analysis. We combined results from this high-throughput assay with genomic parameters in cell lines from squamous cell lung carcinoma, which is standardly treated by radiotherapy, to identify parameters that predict radiation sensitivity. We showed that activation of NFE2L2, a frequent event in lung squamous cancers, confers radiation resistance. An expression-based, in silico screen nominated inhibitors of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) as NFE2L2 antagonists. We showed that the selective PI3K inhibitor, NVP-BKM120, both decreased NRF2 protein levels and sensitized NFE2L2 or KEAP1-mutant cells to radiation. We then combined results from this high-throughput assay with single-sample gene set enrichment analysis of gene expression data. The resulting analysis identified pathways implicated in cell survival, genotoxic stress, detoxification, and innate and adaptive immunity as key correlates of radiation sensitivity. The integrative and high-throughput methods shown here for large-scale profiling of radiation survival and genomic features of solid-tumor–derived cell lines should facilitate tumor radiogenomics and the discovery of genotype-selective radiation sensitizers and protective agents. Cancer Res; 73(20); 6289–98. ©2013 AACR.
PARP1 Is Overexpressed in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma and Its Inhibition Enhances Radiotherapy
Authors: Chow Jeremy P.H. , Man Wing Yu , Mao Mao , Chen Han , Cheung Florence , Nicholls John , Tsao Sai Wah , Li Lung Maria , Poon Randy Y.C.
Published: August 2013

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma is a rare but highly invasive cancer. As options of agents for effective combination chemoradiotherapy for advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma are limited, novel therapeutic approaches are desperately needed. The ubiquitin ligase CHFR is known to target PARP1 for degradation and is epigenetically inactivated in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. We present evidence that PARP1 protein is indeed overexpressed in nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells in comparison with immortalized normal nasopharyngeal epithelial cells. Tissue microarray analysis also indicated that PARP1 protein is significantly elevated in primary nasopharyngeal carcinoma tissues, with strong correlation with all stages of nasopharyngeal carcinoma development. We found that the PARP inhibitor AZD2281 (olaparib) increased DNA damage, cell-cycle arrest, and apoptosis in nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells challenged with ionizing radiation or temozolomide. Isobologram analysis confirmed that the cytotoxicity triggered by AZD2281 and DNA-damaging agents was synergistic. Finally, AZD2281 also enhanced the tumor-inhibitory effects of ionizing radiation in animal xenograft models. These observations implicate that PARP1 overexpression is an early event in nasopharyngeal carcinoma development and provide a molecular basis of using PARP inhibitors to potentiate treatment of nasopharyngeal carcinoma with radio- and chemotherapy. Mol Cancer Ther; 12(11); 2517–28. ©2013 AACR.
Cross-Sectional Assessment of the Relationships between Dyspnea Domains and Lung Function in Diffuse Parenchymal Lung Disease
Authors: Londner Cécile , Al Dandachi Ghanima , Plantier Laurent , Gillet-Juvin Karine , Chevalier-Bidaud Brigitte , Mahut Bruno , Israel-Biet Dominique , Delclaux Christophe
Published: August 2013

Background: Activity-related dyspnea is the main contributor to the altered quality of life in diffuse parenchymal lung diseases (DPLD). Instruments pertaining to dyspnea are classified as pertaining to domains of sensory-perceptual experience, affective distress or symptom/disease impact; whether these domains are equally related to lung function impairments remains to be established. Objectives: They were to assess the relationships between two domains of dyspnea (sensory-perceptual experience and symptom impact) and pulmonary function tests according to their evaluation of ventilatory demand, capacity and drive in patients suffering from DPLD. Methods: Fifty patients were prospectively enrolled (median age, 58 years; 25 women) and underwent spirometry, body plethysmography, measurements of lung diffusion for carbon monoxide (DLCO) and nitric oxide, maximal airway pressures (capacity and demand assessments), mouth occlusion pressure at 0.1 s (P0.1: respiratory drive assessment) and a 6-min walk test with Borg score assessment (dyspnea: sensory domain). The impact domain of dyspnea was evaluated using the baseline dyspnea index. Results: The sensory domain of dyspnea was linked to demand (CO transfer coefficient, kCO) only, while the impact domain was independently linked to demand and capacity (kCO and forced vital capacity, respectively). Among resting pulmonary function tests, both P0.1 and DLCO allowed the assessment of these two domains of dyspnea. Conclusions: In DPLD, the sensory-perceptual domain of dyspnea is mainly linked to alterations in ventilatory demand while the impact domain is related to both demand and capacity. DLCO that assesses both demand and capacity and P0.1 were the strongest correlates of dyspnea.