bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Supervision and Control of the Internet as an Instrument of the Information Security Policy in Contemporary States
Authors: Krzewniak Daria
Published: August 2021

Information in the modern world is a strategic resource that decisive the competitive advantage of countries on the international arena. In order to ensure the appropriate quality of the information resources held as well as the processes and mechanisms of their acquisition, processing and protection, individual countries develop and implement an information security policy. The implementation of this policy is supported by various instruments, among which the supervision and control of the Internet deserve attention. The aim of the article is to discuss the supervision and control of the Internet as an instrument of information security policy, considering the specificity of democratic, totalitarian and authoritarian states. For the purposes of the research, the method of analyzing the literature and the method of synthesis were used. It has been proven that, regardless of the political regime, state-owned entities use Internet supervision and control, while the main objectives of these activities are different. In democratic countries, it is primarily for the protection and defense of cherished social values and goods, in totalitarian and authoritarian countries for the realization of the particular interests of those in power.
Food Security in the National Security System of the Russian Federation
Authors: Plotnikova Tatyana , Kharin Vadim
Published: August 2021

Food is a vital element of the functioning of society. Without food, humans, as a species, simply cannot exist. Ensuring food security of the country is one of the priority directions of state economic policy, the most important factor in the economic security of the nation, one of the main tasks of government bodies. The article analyzes the conceptual regulation of the term “food security”. Food security is an important component of the security system of Russia. By ensuring the food security, the inviolability of the state and its sovereignty are ensured, the demographic situation, the socio-economic provisions of the population are maintained, the necessary and sufficient conditions are formed to maintain the health and quality of life of citizens of the Russian Federation. Within the framework of the article, the main directions of ensuring the food security of the Russian Federation and their implementation are considered.
Changes in Japan’s Security Policy During the Rule of Shinzō Abe – Internal Aspect
Authors: Bojko Izabela
Published: August 2021

Rated both positively and negatively, Shinzō Abe has achieved a lot as prime minister. He contributed to a new perception of Japan in the international arena. During the eight years of his rule in power, his administration carried out reforms aimed at better coordination of security policy, strengthened the position of the prime minister in this field, and increased the involvement of the SDF in ensuring security. They resulted primarily from changes taking place in its security environment: the development of North Korea's missile and nuclear program, the assertive attitude of the People's Republic of China, and an increase in arms spending and the intensification of Chinese military activity in the region (around the disputed Senkaku/Diaoyu islands and in the South China Sea). The article aims to analyze the changes in the security policy introduced during the rule of Shinzō Abe in the internal aspect.
Pengembangan Media Komjinasi (Komik Imajinasi) pada Pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia untuk Siswa Kelas V Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Dinanti Rachma Putri Dinanti , Ardiansah Feri , Romadon
Published: August 2021

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengembangkan media pembelajaran Komjinasi (Komik Imajinasi) pada Pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia untuk Siswa Kelas V SD Negeri 18 Simpang Teritip. Jenis penelitian ini adalah Research and Development. Menggunakan model Borg and Gall yang telah dimodifikasi peneliti menjadi delapan tahapan meliputi: potensi masalah, pengumpulan data, desain produk, validasi ahli, revisi produk, uji coba skala kecil, uji coba skala besar, dan produk akhir. Instrument penelitian ini menggunakan wawancara, observasi, dan angket. Uji coba skala besar dilakukan 16 (enam belas) siswa yang kemudian menjadi hasil akhir produk media sebagai media pembelajaran. Hasil penelitian dari ahli materi 1 dan 2 memperoleh skor rata-rata 91% dengan kategori sangat baik. Hasil validasi ahli media 1 (satu) dan 2 (dua) memperoleh skor rata-rata 98% sangat baik. Uji coba skala kecil dari aspek materi memperoleh skor rata-rata 88%, uji coba skala kecil dari aspek media memperoleh skor rata-rata 74%, sedangkan uji coba skala kecil dari aspek manfaat memperoleh skor rata-rata 88% dan ketiga aspek tersebut dikategorikan sangat baik. Untuk uji coba skala besar dari aspek materi memperoleh skor rata-rata 88%, uji coba skala besar dari aspek media memperoleh skor rata-rata 83%, sedangkan uji coba skala besar dari aspek manfaat memperoleh skor rata-rata 74% dan ketiga aspek tersebut dikategorikan sangat baik. Ketiga hasil penilaian validasi tim ahli dan uji coba menunjukan bahwa media Komjinasi (Komik Imajinasi) termasuk dalam kategori “Baik” dan layak sebagai media pembelajaran.
Pengaruh Media Dakota dan Keaktifan terhadap Prestasi Siswa Materi FPB dan KPK
Authors: Rahmawati Fitri , Permana Rahmat , Nurfitriani Meiliana
Published: August 2021

This research is motivated by the obstacles experienced by students in learning mathematics, this is of course influenced by the efforts of teachers as educators in achieving educational goals. But in reality, currently there are still many teachers who do not use learning media, especially in learning mathematics. This causes students to experience learning difficulties. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of Dakota media on student achievement. One of the learning media that can be used by teachers, especially FPB and KPK material, is Dakota media. The method used in this research is a quantitative experiment. The population and sample were all fourth-grade students of SDN Pasanggrahan for the 2019/2020 school year. The sampling technique used was the saturated sampling technique, which means that all populations were used as samples. The instruments used were tests and questionnaires. The data collected in this study were mathematics learning achievement obtained through pre-test and post-test. The data were processed using the independent sample t-test. The results of this study indicate that student activity has increased. The results of testing the hypothesis obtained are 0.023 <0.05, which indicates that student learning activeness can affect the role of Dakota learning media on student learning achievement.
The Development of Math Box Learning Media on multiple Calculating Operation materials in 3nd Class SDIT Idrisiyyah Tamansari
Authors: Via Noerbaety  , Budi Hendrawan  , Anggia Suci Pratiwi
Published: August 2021

Pengembangan dan penelitian yang dilakukan bertujuan untuk membuat sebuah produk pembelajaran yaitu math box. Selain itu, juga bertujuan mengetahui keefektifan bagi siswa dengan cara mengetahui kualitas media yang telah dikembangkan terlebih dahulu berdasarkan penilaian ahli materi, ahli media, guru dan penilaian oleh 14 orang siswa pada materi konsep operasi hitung perkalian. Metode yang dilakukan dalam penelitian yaitu Research and Development (RnD) menggunakan metode Bord and Gall  yang dikembangkan oleh Sugiyono. Pengembangan pada penelitian ini dilakukan sampai tahap uji coba produk.teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan angket yang ditujukan kepada para ahli serta teknik tes yaitu pretest dan postest. Dalam Teknik analisis data pada penelitian ini menggunakan statistika deskriftif yaitu dengan cara mendeskriftifkan data yang terkumpul. Hasil dari penelitian ini mengalami perubahan yang signuifikan, karena dapat dilihat dari hasil pretest dan postest. Nilai postest lebih bagus dengan rata-rata 89,42 sedangkan nilai rata-rata pretest yaitu 66,92.
UPAYA GURU DALAM PELAKSANAAN HOME-BASED LEARNING BERBASIS DARING DI SAAT PANDEMI COVID-19
Authors: Cendana Wiputra , Mooy Clara Febria
Published: August 2021

Di tengah pandemi COVID-19 telah terjadi perubahan di berbagai bidang kehidupan manusia, termasuk di bidang pendidikan. Untuk itu pembelajaran yang biasanya dilakukan di sekolah kini telah beralih ke pembelajaran berbasis rumahan (HBL) online, karena masyarakat dilarang berada di luar rumah dalam waktu yang lama dan berada di suatu tempat dalam skala besar. Tujuan penulisan jurnal ini adalah untuk memberikan solusi kepada guru yang mengalami kendala dalam melaksanakan pembelajaran sinkron yang tidak efektif. Solusi yang diberikan adalah penerapan asynchronous learning agar siswa dapat mempelajari materi pembelajaran secara mandiri dan tujuan pembelajaran dapat tercapai. Pembelajaran asinkron jenis ini berhasil dilaksanakan karena efektif dan dapat membantu siswa belajar tanpa waktu dan tempat yang tetap sehingga siswa dapat mengakses pembelajaran sesuai kebutuhan dan dapat diulang hingga siswa memahami dengan baik materi pembelajaran yang diajarkan. Saran bagi guru adalah menerapkan metode pembelajaran yang efektif digunakan dalam HBL online agar siswa dapat memahami materi pembelajaran yang disampaikan oleh guru.
Subakromiyal Sıkışma Sendromunda Video Oyunları Tabanlı Egzersiz Eğitiminin Etkilerinin İncelenmesi
Authors: TURHAN Begümhan , ASLAN Hilal
Published: August 2021

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, subakromiyal sıkışma sendromu (SSS) tanılı hastalarda konservatif fizyoterapi (KF) ile birlikte uygulanan video oyunları tabanlı egzersiz eğitiminin (VOTEE) ağrı, fonksiyonellik ve eklem pozisyon hissi üzerine etkilerini araştırmaktır. Materyal ve Metod: Çalışmamıza SSS tanılı 40-65 yaş arasındaki Neer evrelemesine göre Evre II ve Evre III sınıflamasına dahil olan olgular alındı. Çalışmamıza dahil edilen 50 hasta randomize olarak iki gruba ayrıldı. İlk gruba (n=25) KF ve VOTEE, ikinci gruba (n=25) sadece KF uygulandı. Her iki grup da 20 seans tedaviye alındı. Olgular tedavi öncesi ve tedavi sonrası ağrı (Vizüel Analog Skala), eklem hareket açıklığı (EHA) ve ağrılı ark (gonyometre), kas kuvveti (dinamometre), eklem pozisyon hissi (lazer imleç yardımlı açı tekrarlama testi), fonksiyonellik (DASH ve SPADI) açısından değerlendirildi. Bulgular: Her iki grupta da ağrı şiddetinde ve ağrılı ark değerlerinde azalma, eklem hareket açıklığı ve kas kuvveti değerlerinde artış, eklem pozisyon hissi deviasyonlarında azalma ve fonksiyonellik düzeyinde artış görüldü (p<0.05). EHA değerleri, kas kuvveti (fleksiyon, ekstansiyon, abduksiyon, internal rotasyon, eksternal rotasyon), ağrılı ark değeri, DASH puanı, SPADI ağrı parametresi açısından gruplararası fark bulunmadı (p>0.05). Ağrı, horizontal adduksiyon kas kuvveti, eklem pozisyon hissi, SPADI disabilite ve SPADI toplam parametresinde fark bulundu (p<0.05). Sonuç: Çalışmamızın sonucunda KF ile birlikte uygulanan VOTEE’nin, sadece KF uygulamasına göre ağrının azalması, eklem pozisyon hissinde artış ve fonksiyonellik düzeyinde artış sağladığı belirlendi. Bu nedenle, SSS’li hastalarda uygulanan KF’nin VOTEE ile desteklenebileceği düşünmekteyiz.
Anestezi Uygulayıcılarında Tükenmişlik Sendromu Sıklığının Araştırılması
Authors: BIÇAK Mustafa , ÇELİK Feyzi
Published: August 2021

Amaç: Bu çalışmada Diyarbakır ilinde anestezi uygulayıcılarındaki tükenmişlik sendromu sıklık düzeylerinin değerlendirilmeyi amaçladık.

Materyal ve Metod: Çalışmaya Gazi Yaşargil Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi ve Dicle Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesinde görevli 20 asistan doktor, 25 anestezi uzmanı ve 50 anestezi teknikeri dâhil edildi. Katılımcılar tarafından Maslach Tükenmişlik Ölçeği, Minesota İş Doyum Ölçeği ve Sosyo-demografik Veri Formu dolduruldu.

Bulgular: Minesota Doyum ve Maslach Tükenmişlik Ölçeği güvenirlik analizine göre cronbach alfa güvenirlik katsayısı içsel doyumda 0,87; dışsal doyumda 0,85; genel doyumda 0,92 bulundu. Tükenmişlik ölçeği duygusal tükenmede 0,83; duyarsızlaşmada 0,78 ve kişisel başarıda 0,73 bulundu. Doktorların puan ortalaması içsel doyumda 3,10; dışsal doyumda 2,57; genel doyumda 2,89 hesaplandı. Maslach tükenmişlik ölçeği alt boyut puanı duygusal tükenmede 2,24, duyarsızlaşmada 1,20 ve kişisel başarıda 2,58 bulundu. Minesota doyum ölçeği alt boyutları puanlarından içsel doyum, dışsal doyum ve genel doyum puanı hastane çalışanlarda branşlara göre farklılık gösterdi. En yüksek doyum puanının uzman doktorlarda, en düşük doyum puanınınsa teknikerlerde olduğu saptandı. Maslach tükenmişlik ölçeği alt boyut puanlarınınsa branşlara göre farklılık göstermediği görüldü. Uzman doktor ve teknikerde doyum ve tükenmişlik ölçeği alt boyut puanları cinsiyete göre anlamlı farklılık göstermedi. Asistan doktorlardaysa duygusal tükenme ve duyarsızlaşma puanları cinsiyetlere göre farklılık gösterdi. Erkek Asistan doktorların duygusal tükenme ve duyarsızlaşma puanları daha yüksekti. Uzman ve asistan doktorlarda doyum ve tükenmişlik ölçeği puanları medeni duruma göre farklılık göstermedi. Teknikerlerdeyse duyarsızlaşma puanının bekârlarda daha yüksek olduğu saptandı.

Sonuç: Anket çalışmasının bulguları, bireye yönelik müdahalelerin daha etkili olduğunu göstermektedir. Tükenmişliğin tüm alt boyutlarında etkili olan çalışmaların daha fazla olması istenen bir durum olmakla birlikte bunun az sayıdaki çalışmada sağlanabildiği görülmektedir.
Análisis sobre la productividad en torno a la alfabetización informacional en la etapa de Educación Superior
Authors: Gómez García Gerardo , Hinojo Lucena Francisco Javier , Aznar Díaz Inmaculada , Romero Rodríguez José María
Published: August 2021

En la actualidad, la cantidad de información procedente de la red digital ha proliferado de una forma exponencial, a causa de la llegada de las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación (TIC). Como consecuencia, la necesidad de fomentar una formación en competencias informacionales se presenta como un desafío educativo de cara a afrontar fenómenos desinformativos actuales como es el caso de las fake news. En base a esto, en el presente trabajo se analiza desde el contexto internacional la evolución en torno a la productividad sobre alfabetización informacional en la etapa de Educación Superior. Para ello, se hace uso de diferentes indicadores bibliométricos que permiten sistematizar la información procedente de las bases de datos Web of Sciences y Scopus. Los resultados determinaron que la productividad sobre alfabetización informacional se encuentra en una fase de crecimiento, en el que diferentes autores e instituciones procedentes de diferentes lugares del mundo se encuentran publicando sobre este tópico. El estudio arrojó que la principal línea de publicación torna hacia el análisis de percepciones sobre esta competencia en estudiantes universitarios, el estudio sobre la inmersión de este compendio de destrezas en los planes curriculares, así como en la configuración de instrumentos de diferente naturaleza que permita analizar con exactitud este conjunto de habilidades. Por lo tanto, se aboga por la necesidad de continuar profundizando en el la inclusión de este conjunto de habilidades en la globalidad de disciplinas de la enseñanza superior.
El engagement en la educación virtual
Authors: Estrada Molina Odiel , Fuentes Cancell Dieter Reynaldo , García Hernández Alién
Published: August 2021

Los cursos virtuales son alternativas educativas que contribuyen a la formación permanente de los profesionales. Lograr un adecuado engagement permite elevar la motivación, compromiso, responsabilidad y emociones positivas hacia el logro de los objetivos y metas de aprendizaje. Debido a las actuales condiciones de confinamiento provocado por la pandemia Covid-19 es imprescindible lograr un engagement en los cursos virtuales. Este estudio tiene como objetivo determinar si el rediseño del curso virtual “Introducción a la evaluación de la usabilidad de sistemas informáticos” ofertado en la Universidad de las Ciencias Informáticas propicia mayores niveles de engagement en las actuales condiciones de confinamiento. Se diseñó un cuasi-experimento con un grupo de control y uno experimental. Las pruebas estadísticas confirman mayores niveles de engagement en los sujetos del grupo experimental. Se concluye basado en las experiencias educativas obtenidas que, las características a potenciar en los cursos virtuales ofertados en el actual tiempo de pandemia para elevar el engagement son: (1) factor engagement aplicado: diseño de recursos educativos digitales y materiales relevantes para la vida profesional y, aplicación de lo aprendido; (2) Factor engagement orientado a objetivos: integración entre el clima psicológico organizacional y la motivación profesional y, actividades colaborativas; y (3) Factor engagement autodisciplinado y el engagement interactivo: contenidos “desafiantes” de aprendizaje, actividades sincrónicas y asincrónica y, sesiones interactivas a través de Telegram.
Educación de calidad y pandemia
Authors: López Marielsa , Herrera Mariano , Apolo Diego
Published: August 2021

La pandemia logró lo que la política pública, gobiernos o iniciativas académicas y sociales no pudieron por varias décadas, que fue llevar a la educación y tecnología a un nivel mundial. Esto ha conllevado muchos retos a las instituciones y a los actores educativos. Brechas digitales y económicas que parecían sobrepasadas o estaban invisibilizadas emergieron, obligando a reflexionar la manera en cómo se puede aportar desde este contexto para lograr una educación de calidad. Por ello, el objetivo de esta investigación fue conocer cuáles son los retos, experiencias y propuestas a las que se han visto enfrentados estudiantes de una Institución de Educación Superior de Ecuador con el fin de identificar elementos a tomar en cuenta para mejorarla. Para ello se recurrió a una metodología de enfoque mixto que, mediante revisión bibliográfica y documental, cuestionario y grupo focal, permitió tener una aproximación al fenómeno estudiado. Los resultados de este proceso son relevantes para comprender los escenarios a los cuales se enfrentan los estudiantes: limitaciones en conexiones y dispositivos, percepción de que el aprendizaje no se realiza completamente y la necesidad de recurrir a metodologías que motiven la interacción y participación en clases. Pero también se resaltan propuestas que deben ser tomadas en cuenta para tener una educación de calidad como: potenciar el aprendizaje móvil, fortalecer competencias digitales, conocer las diferentes realidades a las que se enfrentan los estudiantes para adaptar el aprendizaje a ellas y vincular iniciativas desde teorías de aprendizaje emergentes como el conectivismo.
impacto del estado de alarma decretado por la COVID-19 en la inclusión educativa
Authors: Cáceres Reche María Pilar , Marín Marín José Antonio , Navas-Parejo Magdalena Ramos , Berral Ortiz Blanca
Published: August 2021

El estado de alarma decretado en la mayoría de los países, a causa de la COVID-19, obligó a cerrar las escuelas. Lo que supuso un cambio abrupto en la forma de enseñanza para el que muchos de los docentes, familias y alumnado no estaban preparados. Las TIC adquirieron un especial protagonismo, ya que se convirtieron en la única vía para acceder a la educación. Esta situación ha llegado en un momento en el que las diferencias socioeconómicas mantienen una brecha digital abierta que impide que se pueda hablar de igualdad de oportunidades en educación y por tanto de inclusión educativa. El objetivo de este trabajo ha sido realizar una revisión bibliográfica para poder determinar las consecuencias que este cambio radical de enseñanza ha tenido en el proceso de inclusión educativa, cómo ha afectado a la población más vulnerable y a los docentes y qué ha supuesto para la conocida brecha digital. Para ello, se ha accedido a los distintos artículos publicados sobre este ámbito en el último año en diferentes bases de datos que hacen referencia a la inclusión educativa. Las conclusiones más relevantes parten de la evidencia de la importancia de cerrar esta brecha digital que ha dejado sin acceso a la educación a millones de estudiantes en todo el mundo y del gran avance que se ha obtenido en cuestiones de experiencia y formación de la comunidad educativa en general, en TIC y metodologías activas y autónomas para el aprendizaje del alumnado.
HIPERNATREMIJA INTENSYVIOJOJE TERAPIJOJE
Authors: Masys Šarūnas , Kaušaitė Dominyka
Published: August 2021

Hipernatremija – tai būklė, kurios metu natrio kon­centracija plazmoje yra didesnė nei 145 mmol/l. Su šia liga dažnai susiduriama intensyviojoje terapijoje. Tyrimo tikslas − atrinkti ir išanalizuoti ekspertų nu­statytas ir visuotinai pripažintas hipernatremijos rūšis, diagnostikos bei gydymo rekomendacijas. Literatūros apžvalga atlikta naudojantis PubMed ir Google Scholar mokslinėmis duomenųbazėmis. Naudoti raktažodžiai originalo kalba: hypernatremia, intensive care, lack of free water, hyperosmolarity. Analizei atrinkti laisvai prieinami viso teksto straipsniai anglų kalba, kurių san­trauka ir turinys atitiko tyrimo temą. Tyrimo rezultatai. Hiponatremija dažniausiai susijusi su bendro vandens trūkumu, sutrikusiu troškulio jausmu, negalėjimu sava­rankiškai pasiekti vandens, retais atvejais gali būti dėl hipertoninių tirpalų skyrimo. Kritiškai sunkios būklės pacientų šios ligos rizika didesnė, nes dažnai savaran­kiškai negali kontroliuoti išgeriamo vandens kiekio dėl sedacijos, intubacijos, pasikeitusios sąmonės būklės ar dėl vandens apribojimo tam tikrų būklių metu. Hiper­natremijos klinikinė išraiška priklauso nuo jos atsira­dimo laiko ir sunkumo. Būdinga sutrikusi kognityvinė, neuroraumeninė funkcija, sunkiais atvejais hemoragi­nės komplikacijos ir net mirtis. Gydymas orientuotas į laisvo vandens korekciją, siekiant atkurti plazmos os­moliariškumą. Svarbu nustatyti ligą sukėlusią priežastį ir skirti gydymą. Hipernatremijos korekcijos greitis priklauso nuo ligos atsiradimo trukmės, gretutinių ligų. Dažnas natrio koncentracijos matavimas plazmoje yra būtinas užkirsti kelią galimoms komplikacijoms, kurios gali atsirasti dėl gydymo.

Išvados. Hipernatremija yra dažnai pasireiškianti būklė intensyviojoje terapijoje, susijusi su padidėjusiu miršta­mumu. Svarbiausia rasti jos priežastį ir skirti gydymą, atkurti skysčių balansą ir koreguoti homeostazę. Sie­kiant išvengti smegenų edemos, natrio korekcija netu­rėtų viršyti 8-10 mmol/l per 24 valandas.
2 TIPO CUKRINIO DIABETO NEMEDIKAMENTINIO GYDYMO BŪDAI IR JŲ POVEIKIS GLIKEMIJOS KONTROLEI
Authors: Antanavičiūtė Kamilė , Šarkūnaitė Rūta
Published: August 2021

Tyrimo tikslas − atrinkti ir išanalizuoti populiarių dietų (augalinės – veganiškos ir vegetariškos; Viduržemio jū­ros; ketogeninės) bei fizinio aktyvumo poveikį mažinti glikemiją ir atsparumą insulinui pacientams, sergan­tiems 2 tipo cukriniu diabetu (CD). Poveikis įvertin­tas remiantis HbA1c ir HOMA-IR rodiklių pokyčiais. Aptarti tinkamo fizinio aktyvumo rūšies pasirinkimo aspektai, esant skirtingoms 2 tipo CD komplikacijoms. Atliktoje sisteminėje literatūros apžvalgoje išanalizuoti 26 moksliniai straipsniai, kuriais remiantis galima teigti, jog didžiausias teigiamas nagrinėtų mitybos būdų po­veikis glikemijos kontrolei pastebėtas laikantis Vidurže­mio jūros dietos, augalinė mityba daugiausia prisideda prie 2 tipo CD rizikos mažinimo, o fizinis aktyvumas daro teigiamą poveikį CD kontrolei tik tuomet, kai jis parinktas individualiai.
IMUNOSUPRESINIŲ VAISTŲ VARTOJIMAS IR JO SĄSAJOS SU TRANSPLANTATO LAUKIMO TRUKME BEI LAIKOTARPIU PO INKSTO TRANSPLANTACIJOS
Authors: Bagdonavičiūtė Karolina , Biekšaitė Emilija , Miglinas Marius
Published: August 2021

Inkstų transplantatų recipientų prognozei ir paties organo išlikimui svarbus imunosupresinių vaistų vartojimas. Įvairūs veiksniai, tarp jų − inksto transplantato laukimo trukmė bei po transplantacijos praėjęs laikas gali skir­tingai motyvuoti pacientus šiuos vaistus vartoti. Norė­dami išsiaiškinti šių veiksnių įtaką inksto transplantaciją patyrusiems pacientams, atlikome tyrimą, pasitelkdami anoniminį klausimyną. Mūsų imtyje buvo pastebėta, kad pacientai, kuriems transplantacija atlikta palyginti nese­niai, palankiau vertina imunosupresinių vaistų vartojimą: rečiau pamiršta juos išgerti, yra labiau patenkinti gy­dymu, o vaistų vartojimas juos mažiau erzina, palyginus su tais, kuriems transplantacija atlikta seniau.
JERSINIOZĖ NĖŠTUMO METU: KLINIKINIS ATVEJIS
Authors: Jievaltienė Goda , Repečka Tomas , Jucius Žilvinas
Published: August 2021

Jersiniozė yra retai pasitaikanti infekcinė liga, kuria serga iki 3 proc. nėščiųjų. Dažniausiai užsikrečiama valgant termiškai neapdorotą arba nepakankamai apdorotą kiau­lieną. Šiai ligai būdinga įvairialypė klinikinė išraiška ir panašumas į kitas ligas, sunkinantis diagnostiką ir gy­dymą. Laiku pradėtas tinkamas jersiniozės gydymas efektyvus, tačiau liga gali komplikuotis įvairių organų sistemų pažeidimu. Šiame straipsnyje aptariamas mo­ters, sirgusios jersinioze nėštumo metu, klinikinis atvejis.
HINTS KLINIKINIO TYRIMO SVARBA PERIFERINIO IR CENTRINIO TIPO SVAIGULIO DIFERENCINEI DIAGNOSTIKAI SKUBIOSIOS PAGALBOS IR PRIĖMIMO SKYRIUJE
Authors: Medišauskas Kipras , Giedraitis Mantas , Savinova Darija , Kišonas Augustas
Published: August 2021

Svaigulys − dažnėjanti kreipimosi į skubiosios pagalbos ir priėmimo skyrių priežastis. Svaigulio priežastis gali būti periferinė (pvz., vestibulinio aparato funkcijos sutri­kimas) arba centrinė (pvz., galvos smegenų kraujotakos sutrikimas). Dažniausia svaigulio priežastis − periferinė, nekelianti pavojaus, tačiau kartais svaigulys gali būti gy­vybei pavojingos būklės, tokios kaip kraujo išsiliejimas į smegenų kamieną, įspėjamasis simptomas. Tyrimo tikslas − išsiaiškinti dažniausias periferinio svaigulio priežastis skubiosios pagalbos ir priėmimo skyriuje, jų požymius, esminius skiriamuosius bruožus HINTS tyrimo metu, diferencijuojant periferinės ir centrinės kilmės svaigulį. Literatūros paieška atlikta naudojantis LSMU virtualios bibliotekos prieiga prie elektroninių knygų bazės Vitae Litera ir medicinos mokslo žurnalų PubMed, ClinicalKey. Analizei atrinktos 24 publikacijos anglų kalba, paskelb­tos 2011-2021 metų laikotarpiu.

Tyrimo rezultatai. Dažniausios trys svaigulio priežastys yra gerybinis paroksizminis pozicinis galvos svaigimas, vestibulinis neuritas ir Menjerio liga. Dažnai skiriamų vaizdo tyrimų diagnostinė vertė maža, kai nėra kitų neu­rologinių simptomų, išskyrus svaigulį. Detalus klinikinis tyrimas, papildytas paciento apklausimu apie susijusius veiksnius, laiko trukmę ir provokuojančias aplinkybes, yra tikslesnis būdas rasti teisingą diagnozę ir diferenci­juoti periferinį svaigulį nuo centrinio, nei ankstyvoji KT ar MRT. Tinkamai atliekamo klinikinio galvos impulso, nistagmo ir žvairumo ištyrimo protokolo HINTS (angl. Head impulse, Nystagmus, Test of Skew) jautrumas dife­rencijuojant periferinį ir centrinės kilmės svaigulį siekia 100 proc., specifiškumas 96 procentus [16]. Gerybinio paroksizminio pozicinio galvos svaigimo gydymo auk­sinis standartas išlieka Epley ir Semont manevrai, kurių efektyvumas siekia net 90 procentų.

Išvados. Klinikinis tyrimas HINTS yra specifiškas ir jautrus tyrimo būdas, kuris turėtų būti taikomas svai­gulio diagnostikai. KT ar MRT neturėtų būti rutiniškai atliekami į priėmimo ir skubiosios pagalbos skyrių dėl svaigulio atvykusiems pacientams, nesant kitų neurolo­ginių simptomų.
ŪMINIS KALKULINIS CHOLECISTITAS: ETIOLOGIJA, RIZIKOS VEIKSNIAI, KLINIKINIAI SIMPTOMAI IR DIAGNOSTIKA
Authors: Balčytis Mantas
Published: August 2021

Lietuvoje atliekama 7000 cholecistektomijų per me­tus − tai trečia pagal dažnumą operacija šalyje. Tyrimo tikslas − įvertinti, susisteminti ir išanalizuoti mokslinėje literatūroje pateikiamus duomenis apie ūminį kalkulinį cholecistitą, etiologiją, reikšmingus rizikos veiksnius, galinčius turėti įtakos šios patologijos vystymuisi, ligos klinikinius simptomus bei diagnostikos ypatumus. Ty­rimo metodas − sisteminėmokslinės literatūros apžvalga ir analizė. Duomenųbuvo ieškoma Google Scholar, Up­ToDate, Cochrane ir Medline (PubMed) duomenųbazėse. Visateksčiai straipsniai atrinkti, jei jųpavadinimas, san­trauka ar reikšminiai žodžiai nurodė, kad tyrimas tin­kamas įtraukti į šią apžvalgą. Atrinkti, išanalizuoti ir apibendrinti 6 viso teksto straipsniai. Tyrimo rezultatai parodė, kad akmenys tulžies pūslėje randami iki 95 proc. ligonių, sergančių ūminiu cholecistitu. Viena dažniausių tulžies pūslės akmenligės komplikacijų yra ūminis tul­žies pūslės uždegimas. Moterys serga dažniau, ypač iki 50 metų. Dažniausiai pacientai skundžiasi skausmu po dešiniuoju šonkaulių lanku, pykinimu, vėmimu. Ūminio cholecistito diagnostikai išsivysčiusiose šalyse taikomi Tokijo gairėse pateikti kriterijai.

Išvados. Dažniausiai ūminį cholecistitą sukelia tulžies latakuose įstrigęs akmuo. Būdingi simptomai: pykini­mas, vėmimas, skausmas po dešiniuoju šonkaulių lanku. Ūminio cholecistito diagnostika remiasi Tokijo gairėmis.
LYTINIŲ ORGANŲ CHLAMYDIA TRACHOMATIS INFEKCIJOS PAPLITIMAS IR RIZIKOS VEIKSNIAI
Authors: Sauliūnaitė Kristina
Published: August 2021

Tyrimo tikslas – apibendrinti naujausius literatūros duo­menis apie Chlamydia trachomatis infekcijos epidemio­loginę situaciją įvairiose pasaulio šalyse bei infekcijos atsiradimo rizikos veiksnius.

Tyrimo metodas – sisteminė literatūros apžvalga. Moks­linių publikacijų paieška atlikta naudojantis PubMed paieškos sistema elektroninėje Medline duomenų bazėje. Atrinkti straipsniai, parašyti anglų kalba.

Rezultatai. C. trachomatis bakterinė lytiškai plintanti infekcija yra labiausiai paplitusi visame pasaulyje, kuri dažnai neturi simptomų, todėl uždelsiama jos diagnostika. Laiku nediagnozuota ir platinama tarp lytinių partnerių ji sukelia reprodukcinės sveikatos sutrikimus.

Išvados. C. trachomatis infekcijos paplitimas visame pasaulyje yra didžiausias iš visų bakterinių lytiškai plin­tančių infekcijų, tačiau šios infekcijos rizikos veiksnių iš­siaiškinimas gali padėti užkirsti kelią infekcijos plitimui. Pagrindiniai C. trachomatis infekcijos rizikos veiksniai yra jaunas amžius, barjerinių kontraceptinių priemonių nenaudojimas lytinių santykių metu, didelis lytinių par­tnerių skaičius, homoseksualūs lytiniai santykiai. Anks­tyva chlamidiozės diagnostika bei gydymas padeda su­mažinti C. trachomatis infekcijos paplitimą bei infekcijos sukeliamų komplikacijų riziką.
Buddhist Nuns with Social Security Work In Vietnam Today And Some Issues Posed
Authors: Hong Dr. Cao Thi Minh
Published: August 2021

Social security is an indispensable condition for any country to be able to maintain economic, social, political stability, etc. for its own country, and Vietnam is no exception. Over the years, together with the Vietnam Buddhist Sangha, Buddhist nuns have made many important contributions to social welfare activities for people from different angles, such as taking care of orphans and children. orphaned without support; participate in relief and social assistance activities for people in ethnic minority areas, areas with special difficulties, activities to prevent and combat social evils,… On the basis of evaluating the achievements, the author clarifies some limitations and difficulties in the process of this Buddhist work, thereby offering some solutions and recommendations to promote social welfare activities. An association for the people of the Nuns to contribute to the successful implementation of the country's sustainable development goals in the process of international development and integration.
A Peak Detection Algorithm for Localization and Classification of Heart Sounds in PCG Signals using K-means Clustering
Authors: Zubair Muhammad
Published: August 2021

Traditionally, the heart sound classification process is performed by first finding the elementary heart sounds of the phonocardiogram (PCG) signal. After detecting sounds S1 and S2, the features like envelograms, Mel frequency cepstral coefficients (MFCC), kurtosis, etc., of these sounds are extracted. These features are used for the classification of normal and abnormal heart sounds, which leads to an increase in computational complexity. In this paper, we have proposed a fully automated algorithm to localize heart sounds using K-means clustering. The K-means clustering model can differentiate between the primitive heart sounds like S1, S2, S3, S4 and the rest of the insignificant sounds like murmurs without requiring the excessive pre-processing of data. The peaks detected from the noisy data are validated by implementing five classification models with 30 fold cross-validation. These models have been implemented on a publicly available PhysioNet/Cinc challenge 2016 database. Lastly, to classify between normal and abnormal heart sounds, the localized labelled peaks from all the datasets were fed as an input to the various classifiers such as support vector machine (SVM), K-nearest neighbours (KNN), logistic regression, stochastic gradient descent (SGD) and multi-layer perceptron (MLP). To validate the superiority of the proposed work, we have compared our reported metrics with the latest state-of-the-art works. Simulation results show that the highest classification accuracy of 94.75% is achieved by the SVM classifier among all other classifiers.
Assisted annotation in Deep LOGISMOS: Combining deep learning and graph optimization for simultaneous multi-compartment 3D segmentation of calf muscles on MRI
Authors: Zhang Lichun , Guo Zhihui , Zhang Honghai , van der Plas Ellen , Koscik Timothy R. , Nopoulos Peggy , Sonka Milan
Published: August 2021

175 MR images of 350 lower legs from 93 subjects (47 healthy, 35 DM1, 6 Pre-DM1, 5 JDM). MR image size was 512×512×30, voxel size 0.7×0.7×7 mm, acquisition used the first echo of a 3 point Dixon gradient echo sequence, TR = 150 ms, TE=3.5 ms, FOV=36 cm, bandwidth 224 Hz/pixel, scan time 156s.

Human subject research approved by the University of Iowa IRB as part of NIH project R01-NS094387.
DISMISSAL AS A MEASURE TO ENSURE CRIMINAL PROCEEDINGS
Authors:   National Academy of internal affairs, Anastasiyeva V.
Published: August 2021

The article considers the legal grounds and procedure for removal from office in criminal proceedings, analyzes the range of procedural problems that arise in the implementation of the investigated measure. As a result, it was established that removal from office in criminal proceedings belongs to the measures to ensure criminal proceedings. Important aspects that require consideration are the grounds for dismissal, as well as the appropriate procedural procedure for the implementation of the measure under investigation. The study reveals the need for further study and detailed legal regulation of such a measure of criminal proceedings as removal from office, given the underdevelopment of its effectiveness and significance by the pre-trial investigation authorities. The main task of the current CPC of Ukraine is to respect and protect the rights and legitimate interests of persons involved in criminal proceedings, to ensure the legality and reasonableness of restrictions on constitutional human rights and freedoms at the pre-trial stages of criminal proceedings. Measures to ensure criminal proceedings are directly related to the restriction of human rights. This institute is given considerable attention both at the legislative level - within the CPC of Ukraine provides for a separate year II, and in the practical implementation of its provisions - the implementation of specific criminal proceedings. Modern criminal procedural legislation of Ukraine, enshrining a new system of coercive measures, proposed a humanistic approach to the restriction of labor rights of the individual and established preliminary judicial supervision over the legality and justification of temporary removal from office of a suspect or accused. In the system of measures of criminal procedural coercion, removal from office occupies a special place due to the high probability of creating social difficulties for a suspect or accused person who loses his job, position and position in society, receiving a statutory level of material support from the state. Therefore, there are problems of unclear legal regulation of removal from office, the practice of applying this measure to ensure criminal proceedings has not been properly formed, which has led to a decrease in the number of satisfied requests of the prosecution. The following problems can be argued: first, the lack of justification for the need to restrict the labor rights of citizens, second, the growing role of legal guarantees to protect the rights of citizens in restricting their constitutional rights, and third, the lack of a clear list of grounds for dismissal. , the content of this measure to ensure criminal proceedings and legal regulation of the legal consequences of removal from office.
VIOLENCE AS A SOCIAL PROBLEM OF SOCIETY
Authors:   Volodymyr Vynnychenko Central Ukrainian State Pedagogical University, Krychun Yu , Horduz O. ,   Higher Educational Institution "Kropyvnytskyi Institute of State and municipal administration"
Published: August 2021

The study deals with the current situation in the world and in Ukraine, in particular, in the implementation of acts of violence against women and children. It is confirmed that this issue did not have a wide discussion in Ukraine, and among the first to raise the issue of human rights unions and other organizations. It is stated that the existing official agency statistics on domestic violence are fragmentary and do not reflect the real state of affairs. Various factors affecting the manifestations of violence (low standard of living, various types of dependence, etc.) are noted, statistics on violence against women and children are reported by foreign countries (for example, every fourth woman is victimized in Britain). There are various manifestations of violence against women and children, including physical, sexual, economic and psychological violence. They are mentioned in the article defining domestic violence in accordance with the regulations of Ukraine. It is noted that among the most frequent manifestations of violence against women are verbal abuse, psychological pressure, physical abuse, sexual coercion. Statistics show that more cases are attributed to older women, but this is due not to the actual facts of violence, but to the fact that they are more aware of the concept and contact the relevant authorities more often. The article reveals the nature and significance of various forms of violence. In addition, child abuse is identified as a definition of the phenomenon, which is considered in four categories, two of which are not direct violence, but have a detrimental effect on children. Such categories include neglect, psychological abuse, physical abuse, and sexual assault. The following is a classification of violence according to the following characteristics: depending on the offender’s strategy (overt and covert), time (in the past and now), duration (one-time and systemic), place and surroundings (at home, at school, on the street). Attention is drawn to the fact that the child suffers from several types at the same time. The study also noted cases of violence against men and the corresponding consequences of this phenomenon.
LEGAL NATURE OF THE SECURITY ORDER OF THE CONSTITUTIONAL COURT OF UKRAINE
Authors:   Volodymyr Vynnychenko Central Ukrainian State Pedagogical University, Milova T.
Published: August 2021

The article is devoted to the characteristics of the security order as one of the acts of the Constitutional Court of Ukraine and the practice of its application. It has been noted that the introduction of this executive document into the practice of the body of constitutional jurisdiction is due to the beginning of the functioning of the institute of constitutional complaint in Ukraine. Also it has been noted that the basis for securing a constitutional complaint is the need to prevent the irreversible consequences that may occur in connection with the execution of the final court decision. The way to ensure a constitutional complaint is to establish a temporary ban on certain actions. The article analyzes the first security order of the Constitutional Court of Ukraine and highlights the debatable issues that arose after its publication. Particular attention has been paid to the study of the most significant problems related to the legislative consolidation and functioning of the institution of the security order. The issues concerning the authorities of the Constitutional Court of Ukraine authorized to issue a security order have been analyzed. It has been stated that, along with the Grand Chamber, it is expedient to grant this right to the Senate, as they are the main subject of consideration of constitutional complaints. The boards are invited to give the right to take an immediate initiative to the senates to resolve the issue of issuing a precautionary order in case of sufficient grounds. The problematic aspects of the current legislation on the formulation of the grounds for securing a constitutional complaint have been identified. Such a feature as the "irreversibility" of the consequences as the basis for issuing a security order is considered. In analyzing the consequences of the execution of a court decision from the point of view of its reversibility, attention is paid to the intermediate nature of such consequences, is partially reversible. It has been recommended to grant the subject of the right to a constitutional complaint the right to apply to the Constitutional Court of Ukraine with a corresponding petition to secure a constitutional complaint. During the disclosure of this issue, the relevant bills aimed at improving the legal nature of the security order in the practice of the Constitutional Court of Ukraine have been analyzed. It has been noted that the institution of the security order of the Constitutional Court of Ukraine needs further research, substantiation of key aspects of the relevant legislation and appropriate practical application.
FEATURES OF CONCLUSION OF AGREEMENTS IN THE FIELD OF ECONOMIC AND TRADE ACTIVITY
Authors:   Volodymyr Vynnychenko Central Ukrainian State Pedagogical University, Manzhula A. , Kuripko V. ,   Golovanivsky RVP GUNP in the Kirovograd region
Published: August 2021

The article is devoted to the legal analysis of the peculiarities of concluding agreements in the sphere of economic and trade activity. The article emphasizes that among the civil law contracts, which are the basis for the obligation, a special place is occupied by the trade and economic contract. It is noted that the trade and economic agreement does not mean a separate type, but a set of agreements with a number of such inherent qualities that necessitate to establish within the general rules of contract law rules common to business agreements only - deliveries, contracts for capital construction, transportation of goods, operation of non-public railway access roads, etc. The commonality of these agreements is expressed in a number of features, which are also covered in this article. It is emphasized that trade and economic agreements pursue certain economic goals and serve economic activities. It is noted that the specifics of trade and economic agreements is that they are or are planned. It is recorded that the forms of economic and trade activities include: logistics and sales (supply and purchase and sale); energy supply; procurement (contract of contracting of agricultural products); Wholesale; retail trade and public catering; sale and lease of means of production; commercial mediation in the implementation of trade activities and other ancillary activities to ensure the sale of goods (services) in the field of circulation (agency agreements, commissions, instructions, transport and forwarding activities, etc.). Emphasis is placed on the fact that this commonality of all economic agreements and necessitates the establishment of a number of general rules for them, and therefore it is necessary to study the theoretical basis of the trade and economic agreement.
CONCEPTUAL ISSUES OF SIGNIFICANCE LEGAL AXIOMS
Authors:   Volodymyr Vynnychenko Central Ukrainian State Pedagogical University, Zelenko I.
Published: August 2021

The article reflects that legal axioms are actually values that constitute a special kind of social and cultural values. It is demonstrated that in domestic jurisprudence legal values are understood as values that determine the value of the law itself. It is highlighted that legal axioms are a kind of carrier of universal moral values that are important for any legal system. It is established that the right without a moral basis, remaining only a measure of coercion, ceases to be a right. It is revealed that axioms find their expression in the principles of law, ie play the role of the substantive basis of the entire legal system. It has been clarified that if the legal system is based on principles based on axioms, then interpretation and enforcement become more sophisticated. Attention is drawn to the fact that the meaning of legal axioms is expressed in the fact that they are based on legal science and theoretical ideas about law. It is highlighted that there is a mutual influence of the current law on the content and directions of development of legal science. It is noted that legal axioms as well as law in general perform a protective function. It is emphasized that legal axioms, having a protective character, are a component of the rule of law, the legal regime. It is presented that the meaning of legal axioms is that they ensure continuity in law. It is considered that the law is a complex dynamic system that is constantly changing under the influence of various factors. The thesis that the form of law is characterized by relative stability, and the content is more dynamic, was further considered. It is shown that legal axioms are those elements that give meaning to the law of permanence, immutability, basicity.
ADMINISTRATIVE RESPONSIBILITY IN EMPLOYMENT SPHERE
Authors:   Volodymyr Vynnychenko Central Ukrainian State Pedagogical University, Poliarush S.
Published: August 2021

The article is devoted to the characteristics of administrative liability in the field of labor relations as a special type of legal liability. An attempt is made to take a comprehensive approach to the study of material and procedural norms of administrative liability in the field of labor relations. It is noted that the Labor Code of Ukraine prescribes in detail the disciplinary, material and financial responsibility. It is emphasized that the norms of administrative responsibility are contained in certain laws and the Code of Ukraine on Administrative Offenses. It is noted that the articles of the Code of Administrative Offenses devoted to the selected problem are scattered in separate chapters. The reason for this is that the norms were systematized according to two criteria: the sectoral affiliation of the offense and the object of the offense. It was found that the Code of Administrative Offenses contains articles directly related to such institutions of labor law as employment, collective agreement, labor contract, labor protection, labor disputes, control and supervision over compliance with labor legislation, labor migration. Most articles are devoted to liability for offenses in the field of labor protection. This legal institution has a cross-sectoral nature. Norms of the Code of Administrative Offenses on administrative liability in the field of labor protection can also be divided into universal and specific legal. Attention is paid to the practical implementation of certain articles of the Code of Administrative Offenses. In particular, the control and supervision proceedings are described in detail. The legal dilemma regarding the application of Art. 265 of the Labor Code of Ukraine and Art. 41 the Code of Ukraine on Administrative Offenses and on the fact of more complete normative maintenance of realization in practice of Art. 265 of the Labor Code of Ukraine, which determines the priority of the choice of sanctions by inspectors of the State Labor Service. It is pointed out that there is no special legislation that would prescribe the procedural issues of holding peaceful assemblies, however, administrative liability for violations of the latter exists in the Code of Administrative Offenses, which gives rise to the invalidity of some of its articles.