bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Artificial Chordae Implantation vs Posterior Leaflet Preservation: A Comparison of Midterm Results After Mitral Valve Replacement
Authors: Salihi Salih , Özalp Bilhan , Toptan Fatih , Kara Ibrahim
Published: July 2024

Background:

Various techniques have been proposed for the preservation of the subvalvular apparatus (SVA) in mitral valve replacement. This study aimed to compare the midterm results of posterior leaflet preservation with the results of selective preservation of the SVA involving artificial chordae implantation in terms of left ventricular performance in patients undergoing mitral valve replacement.

Methods:

In total, 127 patients were included in this study. Patients were allocated to 1 of 2 groups according to the techniques used to preserve the SVA. Patients in group 1 underwent posterior leaflet preservation: The anterior leaflet was completely resected, and the posterior leaflet was preserved. In group 2, which comprised patients with severe leaflet extension and subvalvular fusion, the mitral valve was excised completely and substituted with artificial chordae. All relevant preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative data were recorded.

Results:

Mean (SD) ages in groups 1 and 2 were 63.1 (9.65) and 57.1 (12.3) years, respectively (P = .003). Mean (SD) follow-up time was 59.97 (23.63) months (range, 6-99 months). Left ventricular end-diastolic diameter decreased significantly after artificial chordae implantation (P < .001), while the decrease after posterior leaflet preservation was not statistically significant (P = .20). In both groups, there were statistically significant reductions (P < .001) in left ventricular end-systolic diameter and left atrium diameter in the postoperative period compared with respective preoperative levels. During follow-up, left ventricular ejection fraction was found to have increased beyond the preoperative levels in both groups, but the differences were not statistically significant (P > .05).

Conclusion:

Results of echocardiographic observations regarding the preservation of the SVA via artificial chordae implantation for mitral valve disease in this sample were satisfactory. Findings suggest that artificial chordae implantation should be considered when posterior leaflet preservation is not suitable.
Linearity assessment: deviation from linearity and residual of linear regression approaches
Authors: Lim Chun Yee , Lee Xavier , Tran Mai Thi Chi , Markus Corey , Loh Tze Ping , Ho Chung Shun , Theodorsson Elvar , Greaves Ronda F. , Cooke Brian R. , Zakaria Rosita
Published: July 2024

In this computer simulation study, we examine four different statistical approaches of linearity assessment, including two variants of deviation from linearity (individual (IDL) and averaged (AD)), along with detection capabilities of residuals of linear regression (individual and averaged). From the results of the simulation, the following broad suggestions are provided to laboratory practitioners when performing linearity assessment. A high imprecision can challenge linearity investigations by producing a high false positive rate or low power of detection. Therefore, the imprecision of the measurement procedure should be considered when interpreting linearity assessment results. In the presence of high imprecision, the results of linearity assessment should be interpreted with caution. Different linearity assessment approaches examined in this study performed well under different analytical scenarios. For optimal outcomes, a considered and tailored study design should be implemented. With the exception of specific scenarios, both ADL and IDL methods were suboptimal for the assessment of linearity compared. When imprecision is low (3 %), averaged residual of linear regression with triplicate measurements and a non-linearity acceptance limit of 5 % produces <5 % false positive rates and a high power for detection of non-linearity of >70 % across different types and degrees of non-linearity. Detection of departures from linearity are difficult to identify in practice and enhanced methods of detection need development.
Major ascidian species with negative impacts on bivalve aquaculture: Current knowledge and future research aims
Authors: Alvanou Maria V. , Feidantsis Konstantinos , Papadopoulos Dimitrios K. , Lattos Athanasios , Theodorou John A. , Michaelidis Basile , Giantsis Ioannis A.
Published: July 2024

Biofouling constitutes one of the main obstacles in the sector of shellfish farming. Under this perspective, it is of highly importance to critically combine the updated information regarding the invasive potential of ascidian species, together with the factors contributing toward these events. The biological features of each species in relation to the gathering of the main non-indigenous species in the Mediterranean basin represent the first step toward mitigation of negative effects of the phenomenon. Further, there are limited studies investigating the physiological changes of bivalves caused by biofouling while leading to an increase in stress biomarkers. In the present review, the major ascidian species negatively affecting bivalve culture in the Mediterranean Sea are presented, alongside monitoring of ascidians from four Greek mussel farming locations as typical mussel culture cases. Among the main ascidian species, Styela plicata, Clavelina oblonga, Ciona robusta, Aplidium sp., Didemnum sp., Botryllus schlosseri, and Didemnum drachi are included, with the last three being the most harmful for this aquaculture sector. Based on the existing literature and research conducted so far, future research directions are proposed, in an effort to effectively control or efficiently manage ascidian biofouling organisms. Overall, perspectives toward the way we manage the biofouling phenomenon, such as the use of ascidian’s by-products in feedstuffs, chemical and pharmaceutical industry, or their incorporation in bivalve co-culture and integrated multi-trophic aquaculture systems represent promising alternative approaches.
Does placental VEGF-A protein expression predict early neurological outcome of neonates from FGR complicated pregnancies?
Authors: Grah Maja , Poljak Ljiljana , Starčević Mirta , Stanojević Milan , Vukojević Katarina , Saraga-Babić Mirna , Salihagić Aida Kadić
Published: July 2024

Objectives

Fetal hypoxia due to placental dysfunction is the hallmark of fetal growth restriction (FGR). Preferential perfusion of the brain (brain-sparing effect), as a part of physiological placental cardiovascular compensatory mechanisms to hypoxia, in FGR was reported. Therefore, the correlation between vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A) protein expression in the FGR placentas and newborns’ early neurological outcome was examined.

Methods

This study included 50 women with FGR complicated pregnancies and 30 uneventful pregnancies. Fetal hemodynamic parameters, neonatal acid–base status after delivery, placental pathohistology and VEGF-A expression were followed. Early neonatal morphological brain evaluation by ultrasound and functional evaluation of neurological status by Amiel – Tison Neurological Assessment at Term (ATNAT) were performed.

Results

VEGF-A protein expression level was significantly higher in the FGR placentas than normal term placentas (Fisher–Freeman–Halton’s test, p≤0.001). No statistically significant correlation between placental VEGF-A expression and different prenatal and postnatal parameters was noticed. Whereas the alteration of an early neurological status assessed by ATNAT was found in 58 % of FGR newborns, morphological brain changes evaluated by UZV was noticed in 48 % of cases. No association between the level of placental VEGF-A expression and the early neurological deficits was found.

Conclusions

As far as we know this is the first study of a possible connection between VEGF-A protein expression in the FGR placentas and neonates’ early neurological outcomes. The lack of correlation between the FGR placental VEGF-A expression and neonates’ neurological outcome could indicate that optimal early neurodevelopment may take place due to compensatory mechanism not related to placental VEGF-A expression.
Modeling and mapping of traffic noise pollution by ArcGIS and TNM2.5 techniques
Authors: Ghorbani Akram , Fahimi Farid Gholamreza , Tavana Ahmad , Kiadaliri Masood
Published: July 2024

The aim of this study was to map and model the noise pollution level (NPL) of a highway in Iran by using statistical techniques, geographic information system (GIS) Software, and the Traffic Noise Model version 2.5 (TNM2.5). The equivalent noise level in A weighting network (L
eq(A)) was measured in 28 stations in different seasons using the sound level meter of the TES-1358 model. The traffic noise data and indices L
eq (equivalent noise level), L
max and L
min (the maximum and minimum time-weighted noise levels), L

n
(noise pressure level exceeded for n percent of the time), NPL, and TNI (traffic noise index) were measured and calculated to determine the daily sound level. They were then statistically analyzed by SPSS and Sigma Plot Software. Finally, the GIS software and TNM2.5 techniques were used to map and predict the traffic NPL in the region and the distribution of noise levels. The highest noise level was measured at about 80 and 79.61 dB in Kouhsangi and Abadgaran stations, respectively. The lowest level was measured at around 58 dB in the Hafez Square station. In addition, the results show that the highest and lowest L
eq were almost in the same range (81–85 dB). It appears that the TNM2.5 model can reasonably predict traffic noise levels as well as the dispersion and nature of noise pollution on the highway.
Perceptions of Stakeholders on the Financial and Economic Crisis in Lebanon: An In-depth Analysis
Authors: Uwaydah Leila , Kassir Ali
Published: July 2024

This study examines Lebanon’s enduring financial and economic crisis, exacerbated by economic challenges, the COVID-19 pandemic, and the Port of Beirut explosion. With over 80 % currency devaluation due to sovereign debt default, the crisis has intensified poverty and unemployment, compounded by political turmoil. Using survey data from 178 stakeholders, experts, and academics, this research explores the intricate drivers of Lebanon’s crisis and offers insights for policymakers. Employing quantitative methods, it uncovers the intertwined role of financial mismanagement, government failures, mounting public debt, financial engineering techniques, and political instability in driving the crisis. Recommendations emphasize prudent financial practices, sound governance, and policy interventions. This study sheds light on Lebanon’s complex financial and economic challenges with data-backed perspectives from diverse stakeholders, providing valuable insights for management practitioners and scholars navigating crises in tumultuous environments. It aims to contribute to the management discourse, equipping stakeholders with actionable strategies for addressing and preventing similar crises. It also explores the interplay between stakeholder perspectives and the determinants of the financial crisis in Lebanon. It delves into the interconnected nature of the crisis and demonstrates how stakeholders from various sectors and backgrounds mirror the factors identified in the literature.
Non-Linear Impact of Income Inequality on Mental Health: Evidence from Low and Middle-Income Countries
Authors: Mishra Ankita , Hailemariam Abebe , Srivastava Preety , Maheshwari Greeni
Published: July 2024

In this study, we examine the relationship between income inequality and mental health using a sample of low and middle-income countries over the period 1990–2019. Using a dynamic panel threshold model that allows for endogeneity in both the regressors and threshold variable, we find a non-linear relationship between income inequality and the prevalence of mental health disorders. Specifically, income inequality is associated with reduced prevalence of mental health disorders at low levels of income inequality but after it surpasses a threshold Gini coefficient (estimated between 39 and 49), it has an adverse effect on mental health. The impact is more pronounced in low income and lower middle-income countries. We also find evidence of heterogenous effects by age and gender. Our findings indicate the importance of modelling non-linearity in the income inequality-health relationship and highlight the importance of keeping income inequality within reasonable bounds.
Associations of strength indices and cycling economy in young adults
Authors: Feuerbacher Joshua F. , Schumann Moritz
Published: July 2024

Objectives

Cycling economy is associated with muscle strength in athletes. However, the relationship between strength capacity (i.e. maximal and explosive strength) and cycling economy in previously untrained but healthy individuals remains unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the associations between cycling economy and strength performance in a population of recreationally active but untrained healthy individuals.

Methods

A total of 155 recreationally active individuals (95 males and 60 females) were included. Strength capacity was assessed through an incremental one-repetition maximum test, from which the one-repetition maximum, mean propulsive velocity, and mean propulsive power were derived as strength indices. Cycling economy was assessed using a step protocol on a cycle ergometer and gross oxygen cost and caloric unit cost were determined at submaximal intensities.

Results

Marginal R2 ranged between 0.013 and 0.062 for the gross oxygen cost and between 0.022 and 0.103 for the gross caloric unit cost, respectively. Greater cycling economy is related to higher strength levels. However, the relationship is relatively weak, explaining only 1.3–6.2 % of the variance in gross oxygen cost and 2.2–10.3 % of the variance in gross caloric unit cost.

Conclusions

Greater cycling economy in recreationally active males and females is related to higher strength levels (i.e. one-repetition maximum, mean propulsive velocity, mean propulsive power).
Catálogo de servicios científico-técnicos del Servicio Interdepartamental de Investigación
Authors: Friedrich Kernahan Josué
Published: July 2024

Esta nueva edición del catálogo del Servicio Interdepartamental de Investigación (SIdI) recoge la información básica y actualizada de la oferta científico-técnica que ofrece este centro, que cuenta con una trayectoria de más de treinta años proporcionando soporte a la investigación. El SIdI se inauguró en el año 1992 en el seno de la Facultad de Ciencias de la Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM) agrupando recursos materiales y humanos con el objetivo de dar una respuesta eficaz y eficiente a las cada vez más exigentes necesidades de una investigación de alto nivel. Desde sus inicios, además de para los investigadores de la UAM, este servicio especializado se extendió a todo tipo de organismos públicos de investigación y empresas privadas. Pasados unos pocos años, se integraron tres nuevos laboratorios ubicados en el Campus de Medicina. Fruto del compromiso para brindar un mejor servicio a los usuarios, el SIdI cuenta con un Sistema de Gestión de la Calidad (SGC) conforme a la Norma UNE-EN ISO 9001 certificado por la Asociación Española de Normalización y Certificación (AENOR) desde el año 2005. A lo largo de estas tres décadas, gracias a la inversión en nuevos equipos y laboratorios, así como a la formación y experiencia acumulada por su personal, el SIdI se ha transformado en un centro de referencia de servicios científico-técnicos. A este respecto, cabe destacar dos facetas cruciales en las cuales el SIdI ha avanzado durante estos últimos años. En el ámbito de los recursos humanos, se ha producido un notable aumento de la plantilla estructural de personal técnico, cuyo número supera ya la treintena. En otro aspecto fundamental, el relativo al equipamiento científico, se ha conseguido renovar y actualizar prácticamente la mitad del parque instrumental del servicio, con la incorporación de equipos de altas prestaciones de última generación. Para lograrlo, se ha recurrido a todos los mecanismos posibles, pero especialmente a la concurrencia a convocatorias competitivas de infraestructuras, en las que ha sido premiada la labor conjunta del PDI de la universidad, de otros investigadores avalistas y del propio personal técnico del SIdI. En la actualidad el SIdI está a la expectativa de la concesión de equipamiento adicional de convocatorias públicas. También se ha recurrido a la inversión de recursos propios y a la firma de acuerdos con empresas del sector. Es importante destacar también el esfuerzo realizado en la modernización y mantenimiento de las infraestructuras generales de soporte del centro, así como la adecuación de espacios realizada en algunos laboratorios tales como Citometría de Flujo, Microscopía Electrónica de Barrido, Resonancia Magnética Nuclear, Isótopos Estables, Difracción de Rayos X de Monocristal, entre otros, con objeto de adaptarlos a los nuevos retos planteados.
FORMATION OF THE CHRONOTOPE IN THE “A WRITER’S DIARY” BY DOSTOEVSKY IN 1873 (CHAPTERS “INTRODUCTION”, “OLD PEOPLE”)
Authors: Buchneva Daria
Published: July 2024

The “chronotope” category introduced into literary criticism by M. M. Bakhtin is one of the most studied in recent times. It is believed that he is considered the founder of the term, but the authorship of the concept belongs to A. A. Ukhtomsky, who used it when developing the doctrine of the dominant at the beginning of the 20th century. Thanks to the works of Bakhtin, “chronotope” has become a common term. For the first time publications about the poetics of the chronotope in the works of Russian and foreign literature appeared in the 1980s–90s. Especially significant is the study of the chronotope as a category of ethnopoetics. Works in which the chronotope is presented as an image of the national picture of the world have been published the late 1980s. Bakhtin’s research on Dostoevsky’s poetics opened up new frontiers for studying the writer’s works from the viewpoint of spatio-temporal structure. In “A Writer’s Diary” of 1873, a complex chronotopic hierarchy appears. So, the first chapters contain conditionally real and fantasy chronotopes, which, in turn, entail more local ones: Chinese, Herzenian, symbolic, St. Petersburg, etc. Dostoevsky creates an artistic chronotope that exists in the space of utterance, of speech. The chronotope of “A Writer’s Diary” differs from real time-space. They are not identical. The poetics of the chronotope is complicated by the fact that the “Diary” is part of a time-based publication. In (“Grazhdanin”) “The Citizen,” Dostoevsky’s column was the ideological core of the weekly. Thematically, not only the chapters of “A Writer’s Diary” but also all the articles in the issue were connected, so Dostoevsky needed to conceptually stipulate the subject of the rubric and the issue as a whole.
The comparison mechanisms of cancer immunotherapy in new method cancer treatment with some modern methods of cancer therapies
Authors: MR Ponizovskiy
Published: July 2024

There were compared the roles of the different methods of Cancer treatments, especially concentrating on advantage of new method of cancer treatment over some negative results appearances of modern methods cancer chemotherapy with large dosage cytotoxic drugs. Thus the current discoveries of influences on the interactions between proteins like CTLA-4, PD-1 and CD-28, CD-80 (B-7-1), CD-86 (B-7-2) on processes for regulation of T cells immune activities that induces to make comparisons to the positive conditions for Cancer immunotherapy versus negative condition for cancer immunotherapy. The immune processes in new method of cancer treatment through Prolonged medical Starvation 42 - 45 days via supporting by extracts of plants with giving very small quantity of cytotoxic substances demand the favourable conditions for concomitant Cancer immunotherapy versus negative conditions of Cancer chemotherapy being created with large dosage cytotoxic drugs. Also there were estimated comparisons of the following methods of Cancer therapies: Surgery therapy, local X-ray therapy, local therapy with radioactive ions. Besides there were shown the influences immune defensive mechanisms on regulatory processes of maintenance stability of Internal Energy in able-bodied organism causing Stationary State of an organism in norm as well as suppression of the influences immune defensive mechanisms on regulatory processes violating maintenance stability Internal Energy of an organism that causes Quasistationary pathologic State of cancer disease metabolic processes. Therefore the favourable condition of mechanism newer method of cancer treatment via “Prolonged medical Starvation (during 42-45 days)” via supporting by herbal extracts induces cancer depression, and using very small dosage weak cytotoxic substances cause destruction cancer cells forming normal condition for operation of immune T cells and macrophages for autophagy promoting best treatment of cancer diseases.
Is the duration and effectiveness of cosmetic effects from botulinum toxin decreasing? results from a survey of 400 healthcare professionals
Authors: Sergio O Escobar , L ST Sigales , María José Pelli , Ramos J Peralta
Published: July 2024

Botulinum toxin is the leading cosmetic procedure in aesthetic medicine.Its duration and magnitude of effects has been proved through time. Nevertheless, in the last two years, non-scientific reports suggested that the duration and the effectiveness of botulinum toxin A (BoNTA) treatment outcomes may be decreasing, regardless BoNTA type. In our paper, we describe the results of a survey of more than 400 healthcare professionals, mostly from Latin America, about the duration of the effects and the effectiveness of treatment with BoNTA in the last two years.
Technologies of casting and preparation of aluminum alloys using magnetohydrodynamics tools
Authors: Fikssen V.M. , Karpukhin Ye.O.
Published: July 2024

This article presents some developments of the Physico-technological Institute of Metals and Alloys of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine related to the technologies of aluminum alloys, which have been successfully tested in laboratory and production facilities. Applied magnetohydrodynamics in metallurgy and foundry manufacturing has technological opportunities that are either unattainable or difficult to implement when other physical principles are used. Progress in this area has been slow due to the fact that large non-magnetic gaps are inevitable in metallurgical devices used in metallurgy and foundry. However, due to the improvement of refractory and electro-technical materials, the use of magnetohydrodynamics in metallurgical production of the world is constantly increasing. The following technological developments are described. Casting under electromagnetic pressure according to the low-pressure casting scheme, in which the pressure of the compressed gas is replaced by electromagnetic influence. As a result, there is no need to seal the crucible with liquid metal and the accuracy of the preset filling mode of the mold is increased. Casting under electromagnetic pressure with a dispersed gating and feeding system. With this casting method, a high liquid metal utilization rate is achieved, which is unachievable in other casting methods, and the absence of shrinkage defects is ensured. Electromagnetic stirrer for pulsating effect on liquid metal, which is an alternative to the electromagnetic mixer of traveling magnetic field. Complex refining of aluminum alloys, including filtration of the melt through a ceramic foam filter and its simultaneous purging with argon. Increased efficiency is achieved by application of electromagnetic factors.
ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ ВАНАДАТНИХ СПОЛУК З ВИКОРИСТАННЯМ ТЕОРІЇ ФУНКЦІОНАЛУ ГУСТИНИ: ЕЛЕКТРОННІ ВЛАСТИВОСТІ ТА РЕАКЦІЙНА ЗДАТНІСТЬ
Authors: Ель Аддалі Абделахад , Ель Букілі Абделла , Будад Лахсен , Зуіхрі Хамід , Тайбі М'хамеде , Гуедіра Тауфік
Published: July 2024

За допомогою розрахунків теорії функціоналу густини теоретично досліджені ванадатні агрегати. Оптимізовано індекси глобальної реактивності. Одержані результати показали, що агрегат (Q0) [VO4]3– має електронодонорний характер, в той час як агрегати Q1, Q2 і Q3 – електроноакцепторний. Встановлено, що перехід від одного елемента до іншого супроводжується збільшенням кількості зв'язуючих атомів кисню, відповідно до виявлених змін у зарядах Маллікена. Крім того, аналіз оптимізованих поверхонь електростатичного потенціалу вказує на більшу ймовірність нуклеофільних атак на атоми ванадію. Було також проведено прогнозування інфрачервоних і комбінаційних спектрів, яке виявило зміни в симетричних і несиметричних коливальних смугах під час зміни кількості зв'язуючих атомів кисню. Крім того, для визначення переважних ділянок для електрофільної атаки в межах (Q0) [VO4]3– на ванадатні одиниці Q1, Q2 і Q3 використано індекси Фукуї.
ЕКСТРАКЦІЙНИЙ ПРОЦЕС ОЧИЩЕННЯ СТІЧНИХ ВОД ТА РОЗРОБКА ЙОГО ПРИНЦИПОВОЇ ТЕХНОЛОГІЧНОЇ СХЕМИ
Authors: Кельбалієв Гудрат І. , Шекілієв Фікрет І.
Published: July 2024

Вивчені можливості процесу екстракції для очищення стічних вод, забруднених нафтою і нафтопродуктами, та розроблено його принципову технологічну схему. Проаналізовані фізико-хімічні проблеми, що супроводжують процес екстракції. Розглянуті деякі особливості процесу екстракції та розроблено принципову технологічну схему очищення стічних вод. Процеси рідиннофазної екстракції здійснюються в різних апаратах, змішувальних пристроях, а в деяких випадках – з використанням мембранних технологій. Показано, що процеси рідиннофазної екстракції, які протікають в апаратах змішування, ускладнюються багатьма фізичними явищами, наприклад, коалесценцією і диспергацією крапель екстрагенту, розділенням і розшаруванням екстракту і рафінованого цукру, супутніми різноманітними ефектами (ефекти Марангоні, Фасі) і міжфазним масообміном. Для покращення параметрів міжфазного переносу, найбільш прийнятним поміж різних способів є метод збільшення міжфазної поверхні. У процесах рідинної фазової екстракції основним фактором є масообмін між двома незмішуваними рідинами. Рідинна екстракція органічних сполук і нафти зі стічних вод – це масообмінний процес, який відбувається в міжфазній плівці і здійснюється шляхом диспергування екстракту: його розчинення у водному середовищі та екстракції в міжфазній плівці, що характеризується дифузійним перенесенням відповідних компонентів до міжфазної поверхні.
ВПЛИВ УМОВ СИНТЕЗУ НА СТРУКТУРНІ І МАГНІТНІ ВЛАСТИВОСТІ CoFe2O4
Authors: Фролова Лілія А. , Баскевич Олександр С. , Скнар Ірина В. , Кушнеров Олександр І.
Published: July 2024

У роботі запропоновано синтез CoFe2O4 модифікованим методом співосадження з наступною плазмовою обробкою. За допомогою симплекс-решітчастого планування експерименту були синтезовані зразки з використанням різноманітних осаджувачів. Для характеристики отриманих зразків було використано рентгенофазовий аналіз, вібраційну магнітометрію. В роботі представлені діаграми «склад осаджувача –функція відгука». В якості осаджувачів використовували луги в системі NaOH - LiOH – KOH. Функціями відгуку були коерцитивна сила, намагніченість насичення, середній розмір кристалітів, розмір кристалітів по лінії рентгенограми (311), розмір кристалітів по лінії рентгенограми (400), щільність дислокацій, відсоток мікронапружень. Узагальнення результатів математичного моделювання та графічного відображення експериментальних даних, що представлені в вигляді діаграм «склад – властивість», дозволили кількісно оцінити вплив природи осаджувача на структурні та магнітні властивості феритів кобальту. Намагніченість насичення для зразків, що отримані з застосуванням натрій гідроксиду, вища за інші зразки (Ms становить 136.0 А м2/кг за умови використання NaOH). Високі показники намагніченості насичення відносяться також до зразків по лінії NaOH-LiOH. Встановлено, що ізолінії, які відповідають високим значенням намагніченості насичення, співпадають з більшими значеннями параметра решітки. Зворотня залежність спостерігається для значень мікронапруг та густини дислокацій. Тобто довершеніша кристалічна структура відповідає покращеним магнітним властивостям. Також рентгенофазовий аналіз показав, що наявність домішок знижує намагніченість насичення та підвищує коерцитивну силу.
Effect of pullulan active packaging, incorporated with silver nanoparticles, on cholesterol oxidation product concentrations in boiler meat during storage
Authors: Jamshed Khan Muhammad , Mookiah Saminathan , Subramaniam Yashini , Kumari Ramiah Suriya
Published: July 2024

Cholesterol oxidation products (COPs) in meat are thrombogenic, mutagenic, atherogenic, carcinogenic, angiotoxic, and cytotoxic, leading to serious health issues. The formation of COPs in meat is induced by oxidative rancidity due to poor meat processing and packaging techniques. Pullulan active packaging, incorporated with silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), is considered strong and biodegradable with characteristics, such as enhanced light, gas, and moisture barrier, that protect the oxidative rancidity of broiler meat. The current study was performed to determine the impact of pullulan active packaging (T1, T2, T3, and T4) on the formation of COPs in broiler meat during refrigerated storage (7 and 14 days). Pullulan active packaging significantly affected (P < 0.05) the concentrations of A-cholestane (0.63±0.10 ppm) and B-epoxy (0.59±0.33 ppm) COPs whereas A-cholestane (0.634±0.08 ppm) was affected significantly (P < 0.05) by the duration of refrigerated storage (0, 7, and 14 days). Broiler meat treated with pullulan active packaging presented a limited level of oxidative rancidity with minimum concentrations of COPs. The findings revealed that broiler meat treated with pullulan active packaging, incorporated with AgNPs, is safer than raw meat for shorter (7 days) and longer (14 days) storage periods at 4±1°C.
METABOLIC DYSFUNCTION-ASSOCIATED STEATOTIC LIVER DISEASE — ASSESSMENT OF PATIENTS WITH OBESITY AND METABOLIC SYNDROME — GUIDELINE FROM THE BRAZILIAN SOCIETY OF BARIATRIC AND METABOLIC SURGERY
Authors: HALAMY PEREIRA Leonardo , BARROS Fernando de , ANDRADE Thais Guaraná de , OLIVEIRA NETO Alvaro Albano de , NOGUEIRA Cristiane Alves Villela , VALEZI Antonio Carlos
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is the most prevalent chronic liver disease in the world and was recently renamed to emphasize its metabolic component. AIMS: This article seeks to fill the gap in specific guidelines for patients with obesity and MASLD who will undergo bariatric surgery. METHODS: A systematic search for guidelines was carried out on PubMed and Embase platforms. RESULTS: A total of 544 articles were found, of which 11 were selected according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. All 11 guidelines are from clinical societies; therefore, they do not include some necessary interpretations for bariatric patients. CONCLUSIONS: We recommend that every patient undergoing bariatric and metabolic surgery be screened initially with the Fibrosis-4 (FIB-4) score, followed by transient hepatic elastography (vibration-controlled transient elastography, VCTE), especially for those with FIB-4>1.3. However, interpreting VCTE results in obese patients requires further studies to define the actual cutoff values. Enhanced Liver Fibrosis® shows promise but its availability is limited. The indication for liver biopsy during surgery needs to be individualized but it is recommended for those with changes in FIB-4 and/or VCTE. Family screening is recommended for relatives of young patients with already advanced fibrosis. Liver transplantation is an option for patients with advanced MASLD but the optimal timing for bariatric surgery with transplantation is still unclear. Regular follow-up and VCTE examination are recommended to monitor disease progression after surgery.
Corrosion behavior and strengthening mechanism of Ni-Cu alloy coating on NdFeB magnets
Authors: Long Jiaxin , Xie Xuefeng , Cai Yuxin , Zhong Shuwei , Luo Sangen , Zhang Weilong , Yang Munan
Published: July 2024

In this paper, the pulse-reverse current electroplating technique was utilized to deposit nickel–copper (Ni-Cu) alloy coatings on the surface of neodymium magnets (NdFeB). Compared with the nickel (Ni) coating, the corrosion resistance of the nickel–copper alloy coating has been significantly improved. Additionally, the results show that alloying can effectively prolong the incubation period of pitting nucleation and improve the self-healing ability of coating. The structure and microstructure of the coating show that the surface of the nickel–copper coating is flat and the grains preferentially grow along the (111) close-packed surface, which also makes the coating to have higher densification and significantly reduces the number of self-corrosion sites and corrosion tendency of the coating. The lower binding energy copper(I) oxide (Cu2O) produced by nickel–copper coatings at the initial corrosion stage can reduce the formation of metal cation holes and prolong the incubation period of pitting corrosion. After pitting formation, the corrosion products copper(I) oxide and dicopper chloride trihydroxide (Cu2(OH)3Cl) of copper (Cu) in the pitting hole have a certain hindrance to corrosion and are conducive to promoting passive reconstruction, which is an important reason for higher self-healing ability and higher corrosion resistance of the nickel–copper alloy coating.
Prediction of late premature birth
Authors: Fatkullina L. S. , Fatkullin I. F. , Knyazev S. A. , Mulendeeva M. A.
Published: July 2024

Premature birth and premature birth are among the main causes of infant mortality. This article provides an overview of the literature, including scientific studies, meta-analyses and systematic reviews related to preterm birth in the period from 34 to 36 weeks of pregnancy. According to the results of the study, sources in recent years have once again confirmed that understanding risk factors, prognosis and effective management strategies is an important resource for preventing premature birth and improving pregnancy outcomes.
Assessment of risk factors for fetal distress in childbirth
Authors: Kazakova A. V. , Lineva O. I. , Kiyashko I. S. , Dufinets I. E. , Leont’yeva A. K. , Gladunova E. P.
Published: July 2024

Fetal distress is a combination of clinical and/or laboratory-instrumental indicators suggestive of an abnormal fetal state, often attributed to either temporary or permanent oxygen deficiency, potentially resulting in hypoxia [1]. Fetal hypoxia occurs in 5–10 % of all pregnancies, which confirms the significance of the research. The objective: Of this study is to identify risk factors associated with the occurrence of fetal distress in women depending on the method of surgical delivery. Throughout the research, we carried out a prospective analysis of 90 birth records featuring the clinical diagnosis of “Labor and delivery complicated by fetal stress [distress],” all obtained from the maternity ward No. 21 of the Samara City Clinical Hospital №1 named after. N.I. Pirogov. In all cases, indications for emergency delivery were signs of fetal distress based on cardiotocography data. Patients in the primary group were categorized based on their delivery method. Group I consisted of 30 women who underwent retrovesical C-section, while group II comprised 30 women who had vacuum extraction of the fetus, and group III encompassed 30 women whose second stage of labor was expedited through episiotomy. Conclusion. The main risk factors for intrapartum fetal distress are: late gestational age with a tendency toward post-term pregnancy, short stature with a high body mass index (BMI), complicated somatic and obstetric-gynecological history, duration of labor more than 8 hours, premature rupture of amniotic fluid mixed with meconium, increased anhydrous period, changes in motor activity and fetal heart rate.
The effect of oral progestogens on the intestinal microbiota composition in patients with endometriosis: pilot study
Authors: Pronina V. A. , Gordeev A. B. , Murav’eva V. V. , Skorobogatyy A. V. , Zhigalova K. N. , Denisov P. A. , Chernukha G. E. , Priputnevich T. V.
Published: July 2024

Today, the contribution of the microbiota to the genesis of many diseases, including endometriosis, is widely discussed. However, the literature data on the microbiological composition of endometriosis are contradictory. In addition, data indicating the effect of conservative therapy on the microbiological composition are limited only to estrogen-containing drugs, while there is no data on the effect of progestogens. Objective: to evaluate the composition of the intestinal microbiota of patients with external genital endometriosis on oral progestogen therapy. A single-stage pilot study was conducted, which included 17 patients with external genital endometriosis (average age 30.9 (7.8) years, average body mass index 20.2 (2.0) kg/m2 ). The women received oral progestogen therapy (dienogest at a dose of 2 mg per day in a continuous mode). Microbiological examination of faecal samples by culturomics methods with inoculation on selective and non-selective nutrient media, followed by species identification of microorganisms, was carried out using time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) at two points: initially and after 6 months of taking dienogest. Dienogest therapy showed an improvement in a number of microbiological indicators of the intestinal microbiota in the form of a tendency to increase species and taxonomic diversity, a decrease in the Bacillota / Bacteroidota index, and a decrease in the titer of conditionally pathogenic microorganisms Staphylococcus spp. and increased colonization of symbiotic bacteria of the Collinsella aerofaciens and Lactobacillus spp. Thus, dienogest therapy can have both a direct and indirect effect on the composition of the intestinal microbiota of patients with external genital endometriosis, which was demonstrated by the results of the study.
Complications associated with the development of postoperative atrial fibrillation during heart surgery
Authors: Tatarintseva Z. G. , Kosmacheva E. D. , Kruchinova S. V.
Published: July 2024

Introduction: a significant group of patients undergoing cardiac surgery develop postoperative atrial fibrillation. 40 % after coronary artery bypass grafting alone, 49 % after coronary artery bypass surgery plus aortic valve replacement, and 64 % after coronary artery bypass surgery plus mitral valve replacement. Determine the frequency of postoperative complications in the development of atrial fibrillation. The study included patients operated on at the Cardiac Surgery Department of the State Budgetary Healthcare Institution of Research Institute-KKB No. 1 of Krasnodar in the period from January 1, 2020 to January 1, 2021. During the analysed period of time, open-heart surgery was performed in 1503 patients, 158 of whom had newly diagnosed postoperative atrial fibrillation (10.5 %). Patients with postoperative atrial fibrillation were more likely to have ischaemic stroke, haemorrhagic complications, ventricular arrhythmias (ventricular fibrillation or flutter), and clinically significant atrioventricular block II and / or III degree, in addition, they had higher mortality in the early postoperative period (with index hospitalization), while acute myocardial infarction occurred with the same frequency in the compared groups. Thus, the relationship between postoperative atrial fibrillation and unfavourable early outcomes is significant, and therefore timely verification of arrhythmia and effective treatment of arrhythmia become relevant. Postoperative atrial fibrillationis a frequent complication of cardiac surgery, which worsens the short-term prognosis, and therefore it is necessary to identify patients at high risk of developing AFP. The appointment of anticoagulant therapy in patients with AFP remains a controversial issue and requires further study in a larger group of patients. It is important to note that AF after cardiac surgery increases the risk of intrahospital mortality, which requires an active search for predictors of this arrhythmia and the development of effective preventive strategies.
Microbial Communities Associated with the Intestinal Tract of Grey Mullets from a Mediterranean Aquatic Environment
Authors: Rosanna Floris , Gabriele Sanna , Satta Cecilia Teodora , Greta Battaggia , Fabio De Pascale , Alessandro Vezzi , Nicola Fois
Published: July 2024

Introduction: Grey mullets comprise different species that represent the most ubiquitous teleost families in the planet’s coastal waters. They are an important proportion of the Mediterranean lagoon’s production and have been recently considered cultivated marine fish. This study aimed to explore the intestinal microbial communities of grey mullets to understand their possible ecological role for fish and the aquatic environment. Methods: Thirty-four wild-caught mullets were sampled from a Mediterranean lagoon during four seasons and the V3-V4 hypervariable regions of 16S rRNA (Illumina MiSeq) of the fish gut were sequenced. Parameters of the aquatic environment were detected: temperature, salinity, DO, PO4, NH4, NO3, NO2, SiO, DIN, and Chla. Results: The results indicated a high bacterial diversity (mean Shannon index: 4.74 ± 1.12; Simpson index: 0.93 ± 0.08) and variations among seasons. Sixty prokaryotic phyla were identified and the most abundant ones were: Proteobacteria (mean relative abundance 35.4% ± 17.9), Actinobacteriota (mean relative abundance 16.4% ± 9.9), and Firmicutes (mean relative abundance 10.1% ± 10.9). Bacteria belonging to the phylum Chloroflexi were relevant in autumn, Spirochaetota, Verrucomicrobiota, Fusobacteriota, and Cyanobacteria were particularly abundant in winter while Bacteroidota characterized summer fish. A total of 332 prokaryotic families were identified with 26 most abundant ones; Rhodociclaceae (Proteobacteria) were dominant in autumn, Brevinemataceae (Spirocheaetota) and Fusobacteriaceae (Fusobacteriota) were especially present in winter and the Staphylococcaceae (Firmicutes) prevailed in spring. Conclusion: This study sheds light on the variation in the complex gut microbial community structure of Mediterranean grey mullets and their potential ecological role in protecting fish and preserving the aquatic environment.
DEIFDC framework: Evaluation of Digital Education deployment in Peru in the midst of the Covid-19 pandemic
Authors: Delgado-Martín Ana Victoria , Larrú-Ramos José Marí
Published: July 2024

Digital Education is a key factor to bring developing countries up to speed so they are able to compete under the new rules of the Digital Economy. The Covid-19 pandemic crisis has made more evident the need to implement a global educational strategy where all children can be prepared to learn in a digital environment independently of their country and birth condition. In this research, a Digital Education Index for Developing Countries (DEIFDC) has been defined and applied for the Peruvian case. The construction of the index is based on relevant variables organized in three levers to determine Peru’s capacity to better prepare current primary school children to acquire the competences needed in a 21st century workforce. The results show good development on pedagogical capabilities and students’ readiness but only adequate maturity on the development of schools’ infrastructure. Peru’s slow digital development, in comparison to other countries in the region, is distressing the availability of high-skilled labour, digital GDP growth and digital services productivity hence major efforts will need to be undertaken to guarantee Peruvians upgrade to a digital prepared society.
Depresión y su relación con la calidad de vida en un grupo de cuidadores de personas con demencia
Authors: Moreno Moreno Jhon Alexander , Arango Lasprilla Juan Carlos , Rogers Heather
Published: July 2024

Los cuidadores de pacientes con demencia son susceptibles de presentar depresión y, por consiguiente, esto podría incrementar la posibilidad de que aparezcan problemas que pudiesen alterar su calidad de vida, tanto a nivel físico como emocional. El presente estudio busca determinar si existe una relación entre la presencia o ausencia de depresión, y la calidad de vida en un grupo de cuidadores de personas con demencia de la ciudad de Bogotá, Colombia. Se concluye que la depresión genera un deterioro en los indicadores de salud física y mental en personas expuestas al estrés crónico, como son los cuidadores de pacientes con demencia.
Relaciones entre las ciencias sociales y el campo de la salud
Authors: Echeverri Hernández José Vitalino
Published: July 2024

Las ciencias sociales y lasde la salud desde sus orígenes han tenido una fuerte relación que ha permitido configurar líneas de trabajo hasta la actualidad. La comprensión e intervención de los fenómenos de la salud se han abordados desde dos perspectivas básicas, una dualista (salud/enfermedad) y otra integradora. Si bien la realidad histórica de las ciencias de la salud en su desarrollo científico se desvinculó de las ciencias sociales y su referente más cercano, las ciencias naturales, en el siglo XX estas se reunieron nuevamente en una interacción que establece una comprensión más adecuada de la salud.
Efecto de los trastornos del afecto y la relación con sus padres en la severidad del consumo de alcohol y drogas en adolescentes
Authors: Córdova Alberto Javier , García A. Raúl
Published: July 2024

Este artículo describe factores familiares asociados al consumo de drogas entre adolescentes usuarios. El propósito fue someter a prueba un modelo predictivo de la ansiedad, depresión, consumo de alcohol y drogas entre los pacientes adolescentes a partir de la percepción de las relaciones diádicas de la familia nuclear y el consumo de alcohol y drogas de los padres. La relación innegable entre el consumo de sustancias y los trastornos del estado de ánimo, muestran índices que reflejan síntomas de severidad clínicamente significativas. Los síntomas de ansiedad y depresión son más registrados entre las mujeres usuarias de drogas que entre los hombres. Las relaciones familiares son percibidas por los usuarios como negativas con casi nulo apoyo afectivo, autoritarias, intrusivas y deficientes en lo comunicacional.
Impulsividad en la compra en estudiantes universitarios
Authors: Jurado Diana , Sejnaui Paola , Uribe Rodriguez Ana Fernanda
Published: July 2024

Actualmente, se considera que las empresas que logren tener mayor conocimiento sobre las preferencias, las necesidades y los comportamientos de los consumidores serán las más exitosas. Las compañías que no se preocupen por las necesidades del consumidor, tendrán mayor probabilidad de cometer errores significativos para la organización (Assael, 1999). Con esta investigación, se buscó identificar la impulsividad en la compra en los jóvenes universitarios de dos facultades de una universidad privada de la ciudad de Cali, para conocer si existen diferencias de impulsividad entre las facultades de Humanidades y Ciencias Sociales y la de Ingeniería, y si las mujeres son más impulsivas que los hombres a la hora de comprar.
Estrés Académico
Authors: Berrio García Nathaly , Mazo Zea Rodrigo
Published: July 2024

El estrés suele clasificarse, según su fuente, en las categorías de estrés académico y estrés laboral. El estrés académico se define como una reacción de activación fisiológica, emocional, cognitiva y conductual ante estímulos y eventos académicos. Ha sido investigado en relación con variables como género, edad, profesión, estrategias de afrontamiento, etc. El objetivo del artículo es revisar algunos modelos cognitivos del estrés,  incluyendo el Modelo Cognoscitivo Sistémico del estrés académico, para establecer una discusión entre ellos.