bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Análise do setor madeireiro do Estado de Roraima
Authors: Barbosa Reinaido Imbrozio
Published: October 2015

Analisa a estrutura do setor madeireiro do estado de Roraima tomando por base os dados oriundos dos períodos produtivos de 1984 e 1988. Os parâmetros analisados vão desde a aquisição da matéria-prima pelas empresas até o processo de produção e comercializaçãodos produtos finais. Em 1981, 74,7% da produção local foi destinada a exportação. Este quadro foi modificado gradativamente desde 1984, com um percentual de 13,7% até chegar a 1988, com um índice de apenas 1,14 da produção conseguindo aringir o mercado externo. A partir de 1987 observou-se um aumento na produção, com destaque para a região sul do estado que indicou um crescimento, em 1988, 6,6 vezes maior em relação a 1984. Das 25 espécies florestais utilizadas pelas serrarias, em 1984. Das 25 espécies florestais utilizadas pelas serrarias em 1984, cupíuba (Goupia glabra), cedro-doce (Bombacopsis quinata), jatobá (Hygenea sp.) e ipê-amarelo (Tabbuia serratifolia), representaram 71,4% do volume total consumido. Em 1988, detectou-se um aumento na seletividade com a região sul do estado baseando seu consumo em apenas 8 espécies, sendo que angelim-pedra (Dinizia excelsa), cupíuba (Goupia glabra) e caferana (Erisma uncinatum) representaram 97,4% do total consumido nessa região. A primeira fábrica de compensados e laminados foi instalada nomunicípio de Boa Vista. Sua produção efetiva teve início em 1989, tendo como principal espécie utilizada, a samaúma (Ceiba pentranda). Os índices encontrados em Roraima para consumo, produção e exportação ainda xão muito reduzidos se comparados com outros estados da região norte.
Utilização de madeiras de espécies nativas e exóticas da Amazônia visando a produção de celulose Kraft
Authors: Frazão Francisco Juvenal Lima
Published: October 2015

Foram estudadas as características tecnológica das madeiras e das polpas kraft de cinco espécies da damília Moraceae, nativas da Amazônia, Brasimum parinarioidesDukhe (amapá), Pourouma longipendula Dukhe (embaubarana), Clarisia racemosa R.&P. (guariúba), Helycostylis tomentosa Rubby (inharé), Brasimum rubescens Taub. (muirapiranga) e das espécies exóticas Anthocephalus chinenses (Lamb). Rich, Eucalyptus degluptaBlume e Gmelina arborea Roxb. Foram determinadas as características dendrométricas, químicas e as densidades básicas das madeiras. Estudos de deslignificação demonstraram que as espécies inharé e muirapiranga foram mais difíceis de serem deslignificadas. As polpas foram branqueadas pelas sequências CEDED, CEHDED e C/DEDED. Os maiores consumos de reagentes químicos nos branqueamentos foram verificados para as polpas com teores de lignina residual mais elevados. Os melhores valores para comprimento de auto-ruptura, alongamenteo e arrebentamento foram obtidos pelas polpas não branqueadas oriundas das espécies exóticas. As polpas das espécies amapá, guariúba, e inharé acrescentaram valores mais elevados para resistência ao rasgo.
Comparação de métodos de determinação da densidade básica em Madeira
Authors: Trugilho Paulo Fernando , Silva Dimas Agostinho da , Frazão Francisco Juvenal Lima , Matos Jorge Luis Monteiro de
Published: October 2015

O presente trabalho visou o estudo comparativo de 6 métodos propostos para a determinação da densidade básica em madeira e ainda, o efeito de 3 dimensões dos corpos de prova nos métodos. Para tal empregou-se distintamente cerne e alburno da espécie Hymenaea cobaril L. (jatobá) em corpos de provas nas dimensões 2 x 2 x 1 com (D1), 2 x 2 x 3 com (D2) e 2 x 2 x 5 cm (D3). Os métodos analisados foram: a) método de imersão-baseado na variação do peso do líquido (M1); b) o método de medição direta do volume por paquímetro (M2); c) método de imersão-baseado na variação do peso da amostra (M3); d) método de medição direta do volume por cilindro graduado-corpo de prova imerso em areia (M4); e) método de máximo teor de umidade (M5) e f) método de medição direta do volume for cilindro graduado-corpo de prova imperso em água (M6). Os métodos M1, M3 e M5 foram os mais precisos, de melhores repetibilidades, iguais estatisticamente e que não sofreram influência das dimensões influenciaram significativamente os métodos M2, M4 e M6, que foram os menos precisos.
Determinação de ácido benzóico e ácido sórbico em iogurtes comerciais
Authors: Torres Caio Cesar , Brandão Sebastião C. C.
Published: October 2015

Quinze amostras de iogurtes comerciais foram analisadas quanto ao teor de ácido benzóico e sórbico, por meio de cromatografia líquida de alta performance de acordo com Ito et al. (1983). O teor de ácido sórbico em todas as amostras encontrava-se dentro dos limites estabelecidos por lei. O rótulo de três amostras não continham a especificação (P.IV). O ácido benzóico foi encontrado em todas as amostras. Devido a fermentação lática, nenhuma amostra declarava a adição do ácido benzóico no rótulo.
Notes on the ethnoicthyology of fishermen from the Tocantins river (Brazil)
Authors: Begossi A. , Garavello J. C.
Published: October 2015

Ethnobiology includes the study of how populations perceive and classify organisms. This study focuses on the utilization and classification of fishes by fishermen from the Tocantins river. The study area is located between the cities of Imperatriz and Estreito (Maranhão and Tocantins States). Interviews with fishermen and collection of fish species were performed from October 1987 to June 1988. The criteria used by fishermen to classify fish species are mainly morphological, such as related to body shape and coloration. Fish habitat is also an information used in folk classification. Terrestrial plants and animals are a reference for some fish names. Fishermen showed a deeper knowledge and detailed classification of species of fish used for food, sale, or medicine. Folk classification represents the knowledge a population has on its environment, and it is more detailed on species which are part of its realized niche as indicated by this study.
Origins and demographic dynamics of Tupí expansion: a genetic tale
Authors: Santos Eduardo José Melo dos , Silva Andréa Luciana Soares da , Ewerton Paloma Daguer , Takeshita Louise Yukari , Maia Maria Helena Thomaz
Published: October 2015

Abstract: Tupí linguistic groups display a wide geographical dispersion in South America, probably originated, as pointed by linguistic, from Madeira-Guaporé Region (MGR) in Brazil. The present study reviewed genetic data on Tupians for autosomal and uniparental (Y-chromosome and mtDNA) markers, using it to evaluate Tupians geographic origin as well as the demographic dynamics of their dispersion from a genetic point of view. Comparison of genetic variability and mtDNA haplogroups D frequencies suggests a scenario where MGR is the Tupí homeland. The relationship between five estimators of genetic variability (Thetas-S, -Pi, -m2, -H and -k) shows that Tupí groups from MGR and non-MGR experienced different patterns of demographic dynamics, with an ancient Tupí expansion in MGR, followed by dispersion to other South America regions, probably associated to depopulation/founder effect events. Furthermore, other recent depopulation events could also be detected in both regions. Finally, the dispersion seems to be related to patrilocality, as suggested by comparison of uniparental markers genetic differentiation. This genetic model of dispersion dynamics may have an important impact in the interpretation of archeological and linguistic data, allowing to test if female associated technologies, like ceramic, are more extensively shared between dispersed populations than those which are not female-exclusive.
When "You" and "I" mess around with the hierarchy: a comparative study of Tupi-Guarani hierarchical indexing systems
Authors: Rose Françoise
Published: October 2015

Abstract: This paper deals with the person indexing system of Tupi-Guarani languages. Past literature has claimed that the relative position of the arguments of a transitive verb on a supposed person hierarchy 1 > 2 > 3 determines what argument is marked on the verb and how. It is also commonly believed that the morphosyntax of individual Tupi-Guarani languages is very comparable. This paper surveys in detail the encoding of arguments on transitive verbs in 28 Tupi-Guarani languages. It shows that the prior assumptions about indexing in Tupi-Guarani languages either do not hold strongly, or need to be stated in more nuanced ways. The study also shows that these languages are not as similar morphosyntactically as is often assumed. Importantly, they display a great variation in the domain of local configurations (i.e., when the two speech act participants interact), the arguments of which are often encoded in a non-transparent manner. This leads us to reject the 1 > 2 hierarchy as operative in governing indexing in all languages of the group.
Cartografia social e organização política das comunidades remanescentes de quilombos de Salvaterra, Marajó, Pará, Brasil
Authors: Bargas Janine de Kássia Rocha , Cardoso Luís Fernando Cardoso e
Published: October 2015

Resumo: As demandas das comunidades negras rurais, antes de 1988, estavam diluídas na agenda de lutas de categorias como a de trabalhadores rurais. Com a promulgação da Constituição, a emergência do termo "comunidade remanescentes de quilombos" faz também emergir uma pauta específica. Nesse quadro, o papel dos cientistas sociais na produção de laudos técnicos periciais e de trabalhos acadêmicos tornou-se um ponto central na discussão das percepções sobre o "quilombo". A partir disso, analisamos a relação entre os pesquisadores do Projeto Nova Cartografia Social da Amazônia (PNCSA) e as comunidades quilombolas de Salvaterra, Ilha do Marajó, Pará, participantes das oficinas de produção de mapas que geraram um fascículo intitulado: Quilombolas da Ilha de Marajó: Pará. Objetivamos investigar, a partir de levantamento de dados e de pesquisa de campo, como as relações entre os atores da cartografia converteram-se em ferramentas políticas na luta por direitos socioterritoriais das comunidades quilombolas. Apontamos que as relações sociais entre PNCSA e quilombolas configuram-se, de um lado, como formas de contestação das formas históricas de desrespeito e injustiça e como instrumento de politização do movimento quilombola e, de outro, como afirmação e consolidação acadêmica da prática de pesquisa do Projeto.
História intelectual no Brasil: a retórica como chave de leitura
Authors: Carvalho José Murilo de
Published: October 2015

O ARTIGO SUGERE o uso de conceitos e práticas relacionados à retórica como instrumento de análise para pensar a história intelectual do Brasil. História intelectual é tomada em sentido estrito, isto é, como a história de formas discursivas de pensamento, deixando de lado tanto a crítica literária como o que se tem convencionado chamar de nova história cultural. Será feita, de início, breve descrição do estado da história intelectual no país. A seguir será discutida a tradição retórica herdada de Portugal. Ao final, serão sugeridas maneiras de usar esta tradição como chave de leitura para trabalhar textos brasileiros, sobretudo do século XIX.
Vieira, a inquisição e o capital
Authors: Pécora Alcir
Published: October 2015

O ENSAIO INVESTIGA, numa primeira parte, os principais pontos debatidos nas trinta sessões de interrogatórios do jesuíta Antônio Vieira (1608-1697) no Santo Ofício de Coimbra; numa segunda parte, procura demonstrar que as posições contrárias têm pressupostos teológicos comuns e que as opiniões de Vieira, diferentemente do que se tem difundido muitas vezes, não podem ser tomadas como protoiluministas ou protoburguesas.
Análise da variação prosódica em diferentes estilos de reportagens telejornalísticas
Authors: Dias Thalita Evaristo Couto , Martins Priscila Campos , Teixeira Letícia Caldas , Gama Ana Cristina Côrtes
Published: October 2015

Objetivo Caracterizar reportagens telejornalísticas de estilo sério, neutro e descontraído, de forma perceptivo-auditiva, e identificar acusticamente sua variação prosódica.Métodos Na primeira fase, foram selecionados 30 offs de reportagens de sites de canais abertos, posteriormente divididos em três grupos de estilos: sério, neutro e descontraído. A amostra final foi definida por meio do julgamento de 20 sujeitos leigos, que escolheram os cinco melhores offs para cada estilo. Na segunda fase, três fonoaudiólogas avaliaram a amostra de forma perceptivo-auditiva e, na terceira fase, foi realizada análise acústica dos parâmetros de frequência fundamental, intensidade e duração.Resultados Nos três estilos, a amostra foi representada por uma qualidade vocal neutra, com curva melódica equilibrada, uso de ênfases conforme importância da palavra na frase, pausas expressivas e velocidade de fala média. Na análise acústica, o estilo sério mostrou menores valores de frequência mínima, de variação de intensidade e de duração da sílaba tônica. O estilo neutro obteve os menores valores de frequência máxima, de variação em semitom, de quantidade de pausas por minuto e maior variação de intensidade e de taxa de elocução. O estilo descontraído obteve a menor taxa de elocução e as maiores frequências máxima, mínima, variação em semitons, quantidade de pausas por minuto e duração da sílaba tônica. Houve diferença estatística na taxa de elocução, quando comparados os estilos descontraído e sério e descontraído e neutro.Conclusão A avaliação perceptivo-auditiva obteve resultado igual em todos os estilos. Na análise acústica, a taxa de elocução diferenciou os estilos sério e neutro do estilo descontraído.
Achados da avaliação comportamental e eletrofisiológica do processamento auditivo
Authors: Santos Thamara Suzi dos , Mancini Patrícia Cotta , Sancio Lorena Pinheiro , Castro Aline Rejane , Labanca Ludimila , Resende Luciana Macedo de
Published: October 2015

Objetivo Realizar uma análise descritiva do desempenho de pacientes encaminhados a um hospital de uma instituição de ensino público, para avaliação do processamento auditivo, e correlacionar os achados desta avaliação à idade, queixas, resultados e às avaliações auditivas comportamental e eletrofisiológica.Métodos O estudo incluiu 159 indivíduos encaminhados pelo sistema público de saúde para avaliação do processamento auditivo. Todos os participantes realizaram audiometria tonal liminar, medidas de imitância acústica, testes comportamentais do processamento auditivo e avaliação eletrofisiológica da audição.Resultados A principal queixa referida foi a de dificuldade de aprendizagem e os testes que avaliam processamento temporal e escuta dicótica foram os que apresentaram maior prevalência de alteração. Em todos os testes eletrofisiológicos, o número de resultados normais foi superior aos alterados. A proporção de indivíduos normais e alterados, nos testes comportamentais e eletrofisiológicos, não diferiu em relação ao gênero. Houve correlação fraca entre fechamento auditivo e potencial evocado auditivo de média latência da orelha direita; potencial evocado auditivo de média latência da orelha esquerda e potencial evocado auditivo de média latência total; ordenação temporal e efeito eletrodo direito e P300; processamento temporal e potencial evocado auditivo de média latência da orelha direita; escuta dicótica e P300 e entre interação binaural e reflexo acústico das orelhas direita e esquerda.Conclusão A dificuldade de aprendizagem prevaleceu sobre as queixas dos participantes e as habilidades de processamento temporal e escuta dicótica apresentaram maior prevalência de alteração. A maioria dos participantes foi encaminhada para a avaliação do processamento auditivo pelo fonoaudiólogo. Os testes eletrofisiológicos apresentaram correlação fraca com os testes comportamentais.
Depressão pós-parto e habilidades pragmáticas: comparação entre gêneros de uma população brasileira de baixa renda
Authors: Brocchi Beatriz Servilha , Bussab Vera Silvia Raad , David Vinícius
Published: October 2015

Objetivo Comparar as habilidades pragmáticas de meninos e meninas e verificar a influência da depressão pós-parto (DPP) nesse processo.Métodos Foram sujeitos desta pesquisa 31 meninos e 49 meninas de 3 anos a 3 anos e 5 meses de idade. Com relação às mães, 30 apresentaram indicativos de DPP, avaliada pela Escala de Depressão Pós-parto de Edinburgh. Foi realizada a avaliação do aspecto pragmático do desenvolvimento de linguagem das crianças aos 3 anos, durante brincadeira livre com a mãe, em função de dados colhidos desde o nascimento.Resultados Foi observado que as meninas obtiveram melhores resultados que os meninos, porém, aquelas, cujas mães apresentavam DPP, interagiram mais. Já os meninos, obtiveram melhores resultados quando as mães não apresentavam DPP.Conclusão Constatou-se a influência do gênero e das variáveis socioafetivas de criação, incluindo a DPP, no desenvolvimento das crianças.
Tartrazine degradation by supported TiO2on magnetic particles
Authors: Heredia Carla Lorena , Sham dgrado Ling , Farfán-Torres lsa Mónica
Published: October 2015

ABSTRACTMagnetic beads were obtained by dropping a solution of sodium alginate containing magnetite particles into a CaCl2 solution. TiO2anatase particles were synthetized by a sol-gel method at low temperature (75 °C), and were supported on magnetic beads to obtain the magnetic photocatalyst, MC. Magnetite particles and magnetic photocatalyst were characterized by nitrogen adsorption (BET, surface area), their morphology observed by scanning electronic microscopy (SEM) and TiO2 phase was analyzed by means of Raman spectroscopy. The photocatalytic activity of MC was evaluated on tartrazine degradation, highly used in food industry, at two different concentrations. Finally, MC stability was evaluated by reusability assays in several subsequent cycles. Results showed a good photocatalytic response for tartrazine degradation, especially at low concentration, easy recuperation and appropriate perform in the reusability of MC.
Caracterización óptica de defectos superficialesen puntos cuánticos coloidales de Seleniuro de Cadmio (CdSe)
Authors: Elias Hamilton Alexander Ponce , Flores Carlos Ernesto Rudamas
Published: October 2015

RESUMENEn el presente estudio se han caracterizado ópticamente defectos superficiales ("non-stoichiometric" y "dangling bonds") en puntos cuánticos (QDs) coloidales de CdSe sintetizados por el método de descomposición térmica. En especial, se estudió la presencia de defectos vinculados con una alta relación área/volumen de los QDs. Los espectros de fotoluminiscencia (PL) de estos QDs presentan dos bandas, atribuibles a la recombinación excitónica y a la recombinación excitónica vía defectos superficiales. Luego de la síntesis las muestras permanecieron durante un tiempo sin ningún tratamiento adicional. Durante este tiempo se observó mediante el monitoreo de la evolución de las bandas de PL, un incremento en la intensidad de la banda atribuible a defectos respecto a la de emisión excitónica. Posteriormente, las muestras se lavaron utilizando abundante etanol y fueron disueltas en 1-octadeceno. Con este tratamiento se ha observado una recuperación gradual de la PL de la banda excitónica. Esto podría atribuirse a la remoción de los residuos de la reacción que pudieron formar defectos y a un reacomodo de los surfactantes, mostrando de esta manera una forma de pasivación de defectos superficiales. Para todas las muestras estudiadas en este trabajo, se observó mayor presencia de defectos superficiales para QDs con mayor relación área/volumen.
Evaluación de timol para el control antifúngicosobre películas de pintura
Authors: Sofía Bogdan , Cecilia Deyá , Roberto Romagnoli
Published: October 2015

RESUMENLa colonización microbiana en el interior de los edificios preocupa en forma creciente no solo por el deterioro estético que puede ocasionar en los revestimientos sino por los problemas de salud que causan los microorganismos en personas con bajas defensas o con problemas respiratorios. En este sentido, la limpieza es fundamental para mantener las condiciones de higiene, por esto es que existen algunos productos comerciales que ayudan a la prevención y eliminación de los mohos en los revestimientos.El timol (2-isopropil-5-metilfenol) es un monoterpeno que se encuentra como compuesto principal de varios aceites esenciales, como el de orégano y tomillo. Hay numerosos estudios que muestran el buen desempeño "in vitro" de este compuesto como antimicrobiano y desinfectante. El objetivo de esta investigación fue estudiar el desempeño del timol sobre las películas de pintura como potencial compuesto a utilizar en líquidos fungicidas para controlar la incidencia y propagación de los mohos. Para los ensayos se utilizaron paneles pintados que se colocaron sobre papel de filtro humedecido en placas de Petri. Se inocularon con una solución de esporas del hongo Alternaria alternata. Por último, se roció un grupo de paneles con una solución de timol y otro con un fungicida comercial. Como controles se utilizaron paneles rociados con el solvente del timol (etanol) y paneles sin rociar. Se incubaron a 28ºC por 2 meses. Se observó que el spray de timol inhibió el crecimiento del hongo sobre el panel pintado mientras que el producto comercial y los controles no lo inhibieron. Por lo tanto, el uso de timol resulta una alternativa natural para la formulación de productos destinados a la prevención del desarrollo de los mohos sobre las superficies pintadas.
Optical absorption enhancement in sensitized ZnO nanorods for solar cells
Authors: Pereyra Carlos Javier , Ferrer Florencia , Gómez Carmela , Campo Lucía , Marotti Ricardo Enrique , Martin Francisco , Leinen Dietmar , Ramos-Barrado José , Dalchiele Enrique Ariel
Published: October 2015

ABSTRACTThe Optical Properties of ZnO Nanorods (NR) sensitized with different semiconductors in Core-Shell nanostructures were studied, comparing them with those of bare ZnO NR. Experimental measurements of Transmittance and Diffuse Reflectance show an increased light absorption at the solar spectrum and the appearances of new absorption edges (AE). The measurements are compared with numerical simulations based on Bruggeman Effective Medium Approximation. An increased absorption with the sensitizer content is observed. For similar changes in filling fractions, CdTe presents higher changes in absorption than CdS. Shifts in the AE are observed experimentally (e.g. between 2.34 eV and 2.66 eV for CdS). These shifts cannot be assigned to sensitizer content or confinement effects. A similar behaviour is observed for CdTe in which the AE measured by transmittance is between 1.31 eV and 1.36 eV, while the one obtained from Kubelka-Munk analysis of reflectance is, for the same samples, 1.57 eV and 1.49 eV, respectively. Moreover, the split-off AE is also observed at 2.55 eV and 2.28 eV. The observed large red-shifts could be associated with an enhancement of the subbandgap absorption due to an increase in the light free path at the core-shell nanostructure.
Películas nanoestructuradas de polímeroshiperramificados como plantillas para laformación de estructuras metálicas
Authors: Farias Eliana Desireé , Passeggi Mario Cesar Guillermo , Brunetti Verónica
Published: October 2015

RESUMENLa molécula Boltorn H30 es un polímero hiperramificado polihidroxilado de tercera generación de origen comercial con forma aproximadamente globular de diámetro promedio de 3,3 nm y tiene una cavidad endoreceptora que puede ser aprovechada para la incorporación de iones u otras moléculas pequeñas. En este caso, se analiza la adsorción espontánea de Boltorn H30 sobre sustratos de carbono para generar superficies nanoestructuradas capaces de captar o retener cationes cobre (II) en su interior. Posteriormente, las películas formadas se llevan a una celda electroquímica con el fin de reducir electroquímicamente el catión y generar estructuras metálicas usando el polímero hiperramificado como plantilla o molde. Estas plataformas desarrolladas con cobre electrodepositado han mostrado ser útiles para la electrocatálisis de peróxido de hidrógeno. Las superficies estudiadas en este trabajo han sido caracterizadas mediante diferentes técnicas espectroscópicas, microscópicas y electroquímicas.
Catalizadores de cobre soportado parareducción selectiva de glicerol
Authors: Ferrari Lisandro Roberto , Comelli Raúl Alberto
Published: October 2015

RESUMENLa industria del biodiesel ha traído aparejada una oferta creciente de glicerol, el cual es el subproducto del proceso, generando una caída de su precio. La transformación del glicerol en compuestos con valor agregado interesa pues mejoraría la ecuación económica global de la producción del biocombustible permitiendo un desarrollo ambiental sustentable al utilizar materia prima renovable. En Argentina, la provincia de Santa Fe tiene una capacidad instalada de 2,5 millones de toneladas/año de biodiesel, con las consiguientes 250.000 tn/año de glicerol, por lo que la temática es de sumo interés para el medio socio-productivo regional. Una ruta para valorizar el glicerol es a través de la reacción catalítica de hidrogenólisis, mejor llamada reducción selectiva, para obtener propanodioles. Catalizadores del tipo metal soportado fueron reportados como activos para conducir la hidrogenólisis en fase líquida, encontrando escasa información para la reacción en fase gas. Por este motivo, se prepararon catalizadores del tipo Metal/Soporte por impregnación por humedad incipiente, siendo evaluados en fase líquida en un sistema con reactor de acero inoxidable y operación semicontinua y en fase gas en un sistema continuo con reactor de lecho fijo y flujo descendente. La reacción se siguió por cromatografía de gases, siendo en línea para la fase no condensada. El rango de condiciones de operación evaluado fue 170-240°C y presiones 1-30 kg cm-2. Para fase líquida, los niveles de actividad y selectividad a 1,2-propanodiol alcanzados fueron similares a los reportados, mejorando la conversión con el incremento de temperatura y presión. Para fase gas, conversión y selectividad fueron fuertemente influenciadas por las condiciones de reacción, siendo el principal co-producto el acetol, indicado como intermediario de la reacción. Los materiales que presentaron mejor comportamiento fueron caracterizados por RTP, DRX y FTIR para determinar sus características, relacionar la actividad catalítica y optimizar la preparación.
Patient care and administrative activities of nurses in clinical/surgical units
Authors: Luvisotto Marilia Moura , Vasconcelos Ana Carolina , Sciarpa Lívia Canelas , Carvalho Rachel de
Published: October 2015

ABSTRACT Objectives: To identify the administrative and nursing care activities most performed by nurses in clinical/surgical units and to determine which are most and least pleasant to them. Methods: A descriptive-exploratory field study, with a quantitative approach and with a sample made up of 40 nurses working in clinical/surgical units who answered a three-part questionnaire composed of identification data and characterization of the professional; a list of nursing and administrative activities for the nurse to grade according to the numbers: “0 = I do not perform it”, “1 = I perform it occasionally”, “2 = I perform it often”, “3 = I perform it daily”; two open-ended questions, in which the nurse listed the activities he/she enjoyed the most and the least. Results: The administrative activities most performed by the nurses were: changing work shifts, preparing employee daily task charts and managing tests; the most performed nursing care activities were related to the stages of the Nursing Care Systematization and the interaction with the multi-professional team; the most enjoyable activities were direct patient care, patient evaluation and implementation of the systematization; the least enjoyable activities were administrative and bureaucratic routines, justification of complaints/problem-solving and preparation of employee task charts. Conclusion: Compared to administrative activities, nursing activities were performed most during the daily routine of the nurse, and the most enjoyable activities were those related to patient care, according to the opinions of the professionals.
Bone mineral density and body composition in adolescents with failure to thrive
Authors: Andrade Thiago Sacchetto de , Lopes Luiz Anderson , Pinheiro Marcelo de Medeiros , Szejnfeld Vera Lucia , Taddei José Augusto de Aguiar Carrazedo
Published: October 2015

ABSTRACT Objective To evaluate bone mineral mass in adolescents with failure to thrive in relation to body composition. Methods A case control study involving 126 adolescents (15 to 19 years), in final puberty maturation being 76 eutrophic and 50 with failure to thrive (genetic or constitutional delay of growth), of matching ages, gender and pubertal maturation. The weight, height and calculated Z score for height/age and body mass index; bone mineral content, bone mineral density and adjusted bone mineral density were established for total body, lower back and femur; total fat-free mass and height-adjusted fat-free mass index, total fat mass and height-adjusted. The statistical analyses were performed using the Student's t-test (weight, height and body composition); Mann-Whitney test (bone mass) and multiple linear regression (bone mass determinants). Results weight, height and height/age Z-score were significantly higher among eutrophic subjects. Both groups did not show statistically significant differences for fat mass, percentage of fat mass, total fat mass height adjusted and fat-free mass index height sadjusted. However, total free fat maass was smaller for the failure to thrive group. Conclusions There was no statistically significant difference for bone mass measurements among adolescents with failure to thrive; however, the factors that determine bone mass formation should be better studied due to the positive correlation with free fat mass detected in these individuals.
Evaluation of chemiluminescence method for the analysis of plasma homocysteine and comparison with HPLC method in children samples
Authors: Gascón Thais Moura , Schindler Fernanda , Oliveira Claudia Giorgia Bronzatti de , Souza Fabiola Isabel Suano , Hix Sonia , Sarni Roseli Oselka Sacardo , Bacan Ana Paula Arantes , D'Almeida Vania , Giglio Auro del , Fonseca Fernando Luiz Affonso
Published: October 2015

ABSTRACT Objective: To compare the results for homocysteine concentration using chemiluminescence and HPLC methods in samples from school-age children. In addition, to determine the reference values for patients of this age group and assess the real prognostic value of homocysteine in healthy children. Methods: A prospective observational study was undertaken to determine plasma levels of homocysteine using two different assays, HPLC and chemiluminescence, in 185 samples from school-age children living in Santo Andre, with no chronic or inflammatory diseases, and absence of pubertal development. Results: The results were presented in percentiles and reference values were determined within this age group (7-9 years old). Homocysteine concentration ranged from 2.0 to 9.9 µmol/l (r = 0.821 and p < 0.001). Conclusions: It was verified that chemiluminescence is comparable to HPLC when both techniques are used to detect homocysteine in school-age children. There is an important correlation between both methods, which allows investigation of this amino acid as a risk factor for heart diseases.
Incidence of skin conditions in neonates born at a public hospital associated with some variables in pregnant women at risk
Authors: Almeida José Roberto Paes de , Alchorne Mauricio Mota de Avelar , Rozman Mauro Abrahão
Published: October 2015

ABSTRACT Objectives: To verify the incidence of skin diseases in newborns of pregnant women at risk of a public hospital in the city of Santos, Brazil (Hospital Guilherme Alvaro), determining the potential relation between these dermatoses and diseases presented by the mothers. Methods: A total of 1,000 neonates were examined in the first 36 hours of life. The examination was repeated daily in each child up to hospital discharge. The paternal and newborn variables were submitted to analysis to detect statistically significant associations. Results: The most frequent skin disorders were: Mongolian spot (69.8%), erythema toxicum neonatorum (19.7%), Port-wine stain (angiomatous naevi) (13.9%), and hypertrichosis lanuginose (10.3%). Conclusions: Minipuberty had a low incidence in neonates of diabetic mothers. The incidence of Mongolian spot was very low among newborns classified as caucasian.
Follow-up of premature children with high risk for growth and development delay: a multiprofessional assessment
Authors: Freitas Marcia de , Kernkraut Ana Merzel , Guerrero Simone Maria Amadio , Akopian Sonia Teresa Gaidzakian , Murakami Sandra Harumi , Madaschi Vanessa , Rueg Danielle , Almeida Cristiane Isabela de , Deutsch Alice D'Agostini
Published: October 2015

ABSTRACT Objective: To describe the activities of a multiprofessional outpatient clinic performed by neonatologist, physiatrist, physical therapist, occupational therapist, speech therapist, audiologist and psychologist, who evaluated the development of premature newborns. Methods: Twenty children born at a tertiary-care hospital (São Paulo, Brazil), between April 2006 and April 2007, with birth weight below 1250 g or less than 32 weeks of gestation, were evaluated. The multiprofessional evaluation included assessment of development using the Bayley III scale, at the corrected age of 3, 6, 9, 12, 18 and 24 months. Results: The mean gestation age at birth was 28.8 weeks; mean birth weight was 1055 g. The mean maternal age was 35 years and the mean length of stay of neonates was 46.3 days. Fifteen percent of children presented impaired sensory motor skills, 20% had hearing abnormalities and 10% motor alterations. Bayley III showed alterations in the communication area in 10% of subjects and in the motor area in 10% of individuals. The parents were oriented to stimulate the child or a specific intervention was suggested. The major development delay was observed between 6 and 18 months of age and the development was improved at 24 months of age. Conclusions: Most children evaluated had improved growth and development at 24 corrected-age months. Further studies with a larger sample are recommended, as well as the possibility to follow this population group up till the primary school.
Pharmacy contribution to the prescription and rational use of human albumin at a large hospital
Authors: Borges Filho Wladimir Mendes , Almeida Silvana Maria de , Ferracini Fabio Teixeira , Fernandes Júnior Constantino Jose
Published: October 2015

ABSTRACT Objective: The purpose of this survey was to reduce the use of human albumin 20% in non-supported indications at Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein. Methods: During a 30-day period, in December 2006, a preliminary prospective analysis of medical prescriptions of human albumin 20% and therapeutic indications according to ANVISA RDC 115 guidelines was performed. Based on this analysis, a project was developed. In January 2007, a daily routine to follow up albumin prescriptions by the Hospital pharmacists was established. Results: From January to October 2007, 14,799 vials of albumin 20% were used, out of which 4,191 had non-supported indications, resulting in a R$ 1.36 million loss. In 2008 (from January to October), 13,519 vials of albumin 20% were prescribed, and 1,648 of them had non-supported indications, causing a R$ 535 thousand loss. The ratio between loss risk and consumed amount was 91.99 between January and October 2007. During the same period in 2008, this ratio was 39.60. Between January and October 2007, the average percentage of albumin prescribed for non-supported indications was 28%, whereas this percentage dropped to 13%, i.e., a decrease by 54%, during the same period of 2008. Conclusions: The inclusion of a pharmacist in the process of verifying medicine indications and justification of use was translated into safer processes to patients, ensuring that they received the correct medication for the correct indication, therefore reducing the chance of adverse events and contributing to reduce red-tape procedures and unnecessary expenditures by the institution.
Pathogenesis of pulmonary emphysema – cellular and molecular events
Authors: Di Petta Antonio
Published: October 2015

ABSTRACT Pulmonary emphysema is a chronic obstructive disease, resulting from important alterations in the whole distal structure of terminal bronchioles, either by enlargement of air spaces or by destruction of the alveolar wall, leading to loss of respiratory surface, decreased elastic recoil and lung hyperinflation. For many years, the hypothesis of protease-antiprotease unbalance prevailed as the central theme in the pathogenesis of pulmonary emphysema. According to this hypothesis, the release of active proteolytic enzymes, produced mainly by neutrophils and macrophages, degrades the extracellular matrix, affecting the integrity of its components, especially collagen and elastic fibers. However, new concepts involving cellular and molecular events were proposed, including oxidative stress, cell apoptosis, cellular senescence and failed lung tissue repair. The aim of this review paper was to evaluate the cellular and molecular mechanisms seen in the pathogenesis of pulmonary emphysema.
Pleuropericardial cyst torsion: case report
Authors: Kang Davi Wen Wei , Corpa Maria Carolina Ercoli , Racy Marcelo de Castro Jorge , Baroni Ronaldo Hueb , Engel Fabiano Cataldi , Andrade Filho Laert de Oliveira , Bueno Marco Aurélio Scarpinella
Published: October 2015

ABSTRACT Pericardial cysts account for 12-18% of all mediastinal masses. They are usually asymptomatic and incidentally detected. However, when large, they can cause symptoms. Most pericardial cysts are located in the right cardiophrenic angle, but they can be anywhere in the mediastinum. We reported a pleuropericardial cyst torsion after physical stress, a very rare complication of this condition. The diagnosis was made by computed tomography and confirmed by video-assisted thoracoscopy.
The need to include obstetric nurses in prenatal care visits in the public health system
Authors: Garcia Selma Aparecida Lagrosa , Garcia Sidney Antonio Lagrosa , Lippi Umberto Gazi
Published: October 2015

ABSTRACT Objective: To investigate, with a qualitative approach, the role of Obstetric Nurses at the primary level of care given to women's health as a vital component of the multidisciplinary team, which today is fundamental for providing care, prevention as well as health education and promotion, especially in programs whose activities are geared towards primary care of pregnant, parturient, and puerpera women. Methods: Brazilian laws and the determinations of Nursing Councils in reference to the activities of the obstetric nurse were researched, including the nurse's responsibilities and limits. The bibliographic search was conducted in health-related journals, lay publications, and the Internet. Results: The conflicts between professional physicians and nurses were discussed. Conclusions: It was concluded that the activities of the nurse, conducting low-risk prenatal clinical visits in the basic healthcare network, has legal and ethical support and provides true benefit to the clients.
Effect of a rehabilitation program using virtual reality for balance and functionality of chronic stroke patients
Authors: Silva Wagner Henrique Souza , Lopes Gleyson Luiz Bezerra , Yano Kim Mansur , Tavares Nathália Stephany Araújo , Rego Isabelle Ananda Oliveira , Cavalcanti Fabrícia Azevedo da Costa
Published: October 2015

AbstractThis study aimed to investigate the effect of a rehabilitation program using virtual reality (VR) in addition to conventional therapy for improvement of balance (BERG scale) and functional independence (FIM scale) in chronic stroke patients. Ten individuals, mean age of 51.4 (± 6.7 years), participated of eight 60-minute sessions comprising kinesiotherapy (15min), Nintendo Wii (30min) and Learning transfer (15min) exercises. After training, nonparametric statistical analysis showed significant improvement in total FIM (p= .01) and BERG scores (p= .00), and in some of their subitems: FIM - dressing lower body (p= .01), transfer to bathtub/shower (p= .02) and locomotion: stairs (p= .03); BERG - reaching forward with outstretched arm (p= .01), retrieving object from the floor (p= .04), turning 360º (p= .01), placing alternate foot on step (p≤ .01), standing with one foot in front (p= .01), and one leg stand (p= .03). These findings suggest a positive influence of virtual reality exercises adjunct to conventional therapy on rehabilitation of balance and functionality post stroke, and indicate the feasibility of the proposed VR-based rehabilitation program.
Postural education program for elementary school: a one-year follow-up study
Authors: Ritter Alexandre Luis , Souza Jorge Luiz de
Published: October 2015

AbstractThe objective of this study was to verify the short- and long-term effectiveness of the Elementary School Postural Program in the performance, generalization, and perception of daily school activities. The final sample consisted of 61 subjects divided into experimental (14 years ±0.93; ♀=22; ♂=10) and control group (15.38 years ±0.97; ♀=16; ♂=13), all participants attended a Brazilian public school in Porto Alegre, State of Rio Grande do Sul. The postural program included 20 sessions over a 10-week period. In each session, participants discussed and practiced routine actions that typically occurred at schools. Eight other meetings were required for the completion of the pre- and post-tests. The experimental group performed significantly better than the control group in the short-term evaluations, although there were no significant statistical differences in the long-term follow-up evaluations. The children demonstrated a good behavioral response to the postural program; nevertheless, the knowledge had not been completely mastered after a year.
The influence of the external ankle support on the dynamic balance in volleyball athletes
Authors: Lima Manuela Azevedo Correia de , Barbosa Germanna de Medeiros , Ribeiro Joseanne Daniele Cezar , Ferreira José Jamacy de Almeida , Andrade Palloma Rodrigues de , Santos Heleodório Honorato dos
Published: October 2015

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to assess the effect of ankle external supports on proprioception and dynamic balance in volleyball players. Seventeen female volleyball players (18.94±2.49 years; 65.45±9.49 kg; 1.71±0.05 m; BMI=22.0±2.67 kg/m²) took part in this study. The dynamic balance was assessed through the Star Excursion Balance Test (SEBT). Comparisons between stabilization (no stabilizer/NS, orthosis/ORT and functional bandaging/FB) modes and the SEBT grid lines and inter-limb were carried out. The SEBT assessment showed a significant difference between the groups NS x ORT and NS x FB (p < .01), and between the lines (p< .01). Significant line/limb interaction in DL and NDL (p< .01) was detected. The external supports tested herein showed similar effects on balance, restricting lower limb's reach in the SEBT execution in some of tested directions.
The period of the day affects the twenty-four hour blood pressure response to an acute combined exercise session in Brazilian jiu jitsu athletes
Authors: Mazzoccante Rafaello Pinheiro , Sousa Ioranny Raquel Castro de , Moreira Sérgio Rodrigues , Prestes Jonato , Simões Herbert Gustavo , Campbell Carmen Sílvia Grubert
Published: October 2015

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to compare the effect of a combined exercise session performed at different periods of the day on the 24h blood pressure (BP) response. Anaerobic threshold (AT) and 12 repetition maximum (12RM) tests were evaluated in nine Brazilian jiu-jitsu athletes (male) (22±3.7 y; 176±5.0 cm; 73.4±9.7 kg; 6.8±2.1 % body fat). Four experimental sessions were performed: resistance exercise followed by aerobic exercise [Morning (MornS) and Afternoon (AfternS)] and Control (C) [Morning and Afternoon]. The morning sessions were conducted at 09:00 a.m. and the afternoon sessions were conducted at 3:00 p.m. The resistance exercise consisted of three sets at 90% of a 12RM for six resistance exercises. The aerobic exercise consisted of 15min at 90% of the AT. Blood pressure (BP) was measured before, during and 1h (Microlife(r) BP3A1C) after the performance of exercises in laboratory, and then during daily activities for the succeeding 23h by ambulatory BP monitoring (Dyna-MAPA(r)). Analysis of the area under the curve (AUC) indicated significant reductions in blood pressure parameters at various time points during the 24h monitoring period. For systolic BP (SBP), significantly lower values were shown following the morning session versus the control (MornS: 1756.2±100.8 vs. C: 1818.2±84.3 mmHg*15h; p < .05) and total-24h (MornS: 2695.8±143.3 vs. C: 2784.1±143.2 mmHg*24h; p < .05). The total-24h mean BP (MAP) was also significantly lower following the morning session versus the control (MornS: 2015.7±121.2 vs. C: 2087.3±153.8 mmHg*24h; p < .05). There were significant differences in the sleeping AUC of SBP (AfternS: 883.6±27.0 vs. C: 965.2±67.9 mmHg*9h; p< .05), diastolic BP (DBP) (AfternS: 481.4±30.9 vs. MornS: 552.9±34.2 and C: 562.1±52.3 mmHg*9h; p < .01) and MBP (AfternS: 651.9±22.4 vs. MornS: 708.7±43.1 and C: 726.9±64.7 mmHg*9h; p < .01). The combined exercise performed at different periods of the day contributed distinctly to the reduction of BP. The morning session was important in reducing SBP and MBP in the total-24h monitoring, while the afternoon session reduced SBP, DBP and MBP during sleeping in jiu-Jitsu athletes.
Blood lactate minimum of rats during swimming test using three incremental stages
Authors: Sena Mariana de Souza , Vieira Junior Roberto Carlos , Rubim Cássio Charnoski , Lima Thiago da Rosa , Trombeta Joice Cristina dos Santos , Garcia Alesandro , Prestes Jonato , Tibana Ramires Alsamir , Voltarelli Fabrício Azevedo
Published: October 2015

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to determine the lactate minimum intensity (LMI) by swimming LACmintest using three incremental stages (LACmintest3) and to evaluate its sensitivity to changes in aerobic fitness (AF). Twenty Wistar rats performed: LACmintest3 (1): induction of hyperlactacidemia and incremental phase (4%, 5% and 6.5% of bw); Constant loads tests on (2) and above (3) the LMI. Half of the animals were subjected to training with the individual LMI and the tests were performed again. The mean exercise load in LACmintest3 was 5.04 ± 0.13% bw at 5.08 ± 0.55 mmol L-1 blood lactate minimum (BLM). There was a stabilize and disproportionate increase of blood lactate in tests 2 and 3, respectively. After the training period, the mean BLM was lower in the trained animals. The LACmintest3 seems to be a good indicator of LMI and responsive to changes in AF in rats subjected to swim training.
Long distance run induced hydration and kidney function changes in marathoners
Authors: Gonçalves Luiz Guilherme Cruz , Aquino Rodrigo Leal de Queiroz Thomaz de , Puggina Enrico Fuini
Published: October 2015

AbstractThe aim of the study was to verify the hydration status and the kidney function in marathoners during the training season and after a marathon race. Nine male runners were investigated during 12 weeks of training. Urine was collected in four moments; in the beginning (C1) and during (C2) the training program, before (C3) and after (C4) the competition. Urine pH was measured using reagent tapes, urine density with a refractometer, protein excretion by Bradford assay and erythrocytes and leucocytes by microscopy. Changes were observed when C-4 was compared to the other collection times for all variables investigated. It is possible to conclude that physical exertion induced important changes in the hydration status and glomerular membrane selectivity to macromolecules, modifying the kidney function of the marathoners in C4.