bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Reconstrução digital do patrimônio arquitetônico integração HBIM-GIS: uma revisão sistemática da literatura
Authors: Bernardes Isabella da Silva , Bassalo Gisa Helena Melo
Published: January 2025

Este estudo tem por objetivo promover uma revisão sistemática da literatura (RSL) do uso de tecnologias digitais na conservação do patrimônio arquitetônico, integrando as tecnologias Historic Building Information Modeling (HBIM) e Geographic Information System (GIS). Para isso, a pesquisa abrangeu bases de dados internacionais e nacionais de 2019 a 2024, buscando produções mais recentes e relevantes acerca da temática. Neste contexto, propôs-se analisar de forma descritiva os dados de produção e distribuição de métodos e ferramentas utilizadas para digitalização do patrimônio no mundo. Concluiu-se que há assimetrias na distribuição e lacunas na produção, principalmente em relação às bases de dados nacionais. Após a revisão sistemática, verificou-se que atualmente o software ArcGIS já permite a integração da visualização do modelo 3D sem obrigatoriamente utilizar o BIM. Assim, mostra-se relevante que os próximos estudos busquem métodos de reconstrução digital mais eficazes, podendo contribuir para o desenvolvimento do conhecimento na temática, como também, tornar-se uma possibilidade de oferta de recursos para gestão do patrimônio arquitetônico, conservação informacional e manejo de centros históricos.
Estudo da eficácia da fotônica e biofotônica na saúde estética de pacientes com lesões cutâneas vesicobolhosas
Authors: Oliveira Deli Brito de , Teixeira Jeferson Manoel
Published: January 2025

A saúde estética se direciona à promoção da saúde por meio da beleza, considerando o bem-estar físico, mental e social do indivíduo. Portanto, atua para melhorar a autoestima e os hábitos de vida, além do rejuvenescimento fisiológico. Este  estudo analisa a eficácia da fotônica e biofotônica na saúde estética de pacientes com lesões cutâneas vesicobolhosas. Métodos baseados em tecnologias fotônicas, como terapia com luz de baixa intensidade (LLLT) e lasers de alta precisão, foram avaliados em relação à cicatrização, redução de inflamações, regeneração tecidual e melhoria estética. Além disso, a aplicação de técnicas biofotônicas, como fluorescência e imagens ópticas, forneceu dados sobre a progressão das lesões e a resposta ao tratamento. Os resultados indicam que essas tecnologias são promissoras no cuidado de lesões complexas, promovendo a reepitelização e reduzindo cicatrizes. Conclui-se que a integração da fotônica e biofotônica pode otimizar o manejo clínico, oferecendo abordagens menos invasivas e mais eficazes.
Segurança do paciente na terapia transfusional na visão de acadêmicos de enfermagem
Authors: Cruz Ana Beatriz Gonçalves , Alencar Ana Paula Agostinho , Carvalho Rhanna Emanuela Fontenele Lima de , Lira Petrúcya Frazão , Araújo Crystianne Samara Barbosa , Beserra Antonio Thiago , Brito Matheus Souza , Lima Aila Gomes
Published: January 2025

A transfusão sanguínea é um procedimento terapêutico amplamente utilizado, com diretrizes específicas para cada hemocomponente. No entanto, mesmo com procedimentos de segurança, há riscos, como reações adversas imediatas. Este estudo objetiva analisar o conhecimento dos acadêmicos de enfermagem sobre a segurança do paciente que realizam terapia transfusional. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo-exploratório, com abordagem qualitativa, realizado por meio de um questionário on-line via Google Forms, distribuído a acadêmicos de enfermagem de uma instituição no interior do Ceará. Os dados foram coletados e analisados utilizando literaturas pertinentes e gráficos obtidos pelo aplicativo. A análise revelou que 88,9% dos alunos já presenciaram transfusões durante o estágio, e 96,3% conhecem as indicações para a realização da terapia. No entanto, 18,5% dos participantes se sentem pouco informados sobre o procedimento. Além disso, 70,4% conhecem o tempo máximo de realização de uma transfusão, que é de quatro horas. As reações transfusionais, tanto imediatas quanto tardias, são conhecidas por mais de 80% dos acadêmicos. Portanto, dado o exposto, destaca-se a importância de incluir o estudo da segurança na terapia transfusional nas matrizes curriculares dos cursos de enfermagem, promovendo uma assistência mais segura e eficaz aos pacientes. Além disso, a pesquisa sugere a necessidade de educação permanente para melhorar o conhecimento dos futuros profissionais, garantindo a segurança transfusional e minimizando os riscos associados ao procedimento.
Impacto de elevadas temperaturas na resistência à tração do concreto: uma análise experimental
Authors: Silva Waleria Torres da , Souza Leovegildo Douglas Pereira de , Ramalho Ellen Mycaély Carvalho , Felipe Adla Jamilly Vieira , Mendes Lara Pereira Tavares
Published: January 2025

O concreto é amplamente utilizado na construção civil devido ao seu excelente desempenho e às suas características, sendo essencial em uma grande variedade de estruturas, como edifícios, pontes e barragens. Devido à sua relevância estrutural, é essencial investigar suas propriedades mecânicas sob condições extremas, como altas temperaturas. A resistência à tração é especialmente crítica, pois influencia o controle de fissuras e a integridade estrutural. Sob temperaturas elevadas, essa propriedade é significativamente reduzida, contribuindo para o spalling e para a exposição das armaduras. Nesse contexto, este estudo analisou o impacto de altas temperaturas na resistência à tração do concreto, com o objetivo de compreender sua degradação e os efeitos associados em situações térmicas severas. Foram realizados ensaios de tração por compressão diametral e tração na flexão em corpos de prova submetidos a temperaturas entre 25°C e 900°C. Os resultados mostraram uma redução progressiva da resistência, com perdas mais acentuadas no ensaio de compressão diametral em comparação ao de flexão. Acima de 600°C, a degradação foi acelerada, evidenciando os efeitos críticos do calor intenso. Os resultados reforçam a importância de considerar os impactos térmicos no concreto em situações extremas, como incêndios, além de sugerir a necessidade de materiais mais resistentes ao calor e de revisões normativas para garantir a segurança estrutural.
PENYULUHAN KESEHATAN TENTANG CARA MENGATASI DISMINORE PADA REMAJA PUTRI DENGAN TERAPI NON FARMAKOLOGIS DI SMPN 1 KEDIRI
Authors: Sagitarini Putu Noviana
Published: January 2025

Menstruasi adalah salah satu perubahan fisiologis yang terjadi pada remaja putri. Proses alamiah ini menunjukkan bahwa organ reproduksi perempuan telah berfungsi matang. Gangguan ginekologi yang sering terjadi pada remaja putri adalah gangguan yang berkaitan dengan siklus menstruasi, salah satunya adalah dismenorea. Dismenorea adalah rasa nyeri saat menstruasi. Terdapat dua penatalaksanaan tentang dismenorea yakni farmakologi dan non farmakologi. Terapi non farmakologis aman, mudah, murah dan memiliki efek samping yang lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan terapi farmakologis. Dismenorea yang dirasakan oleh remaja putri dapat menyebabkan terganggunya aktivitas sekolah, pola istirahat, makan serta aktivitas yang lainnya. Tujuan dari PkM ini adalah untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan remaja putri tentang cara mengatasi disminore dengan terapi non farmakologis. Metode  pemecahan  permasalahan  dalam pengabdian  masyarakat  menggunakan  edukasi  oleh  tenaga  kesehatan  pada  remaja. Mekanisme pelaksanaan kegiatan yaitu perencanaan, pelaksanaan (pemberian materi tentang cara mengatasi disminore dengan terapi non farmakologis), monitoring dan evaluasi, serta refleksi. Hasil dari PkM adalah adanya peningkatan pengetahuan remaja putri tentang cara mengatasi disminore dengan terapi non farmakologis. Penyuluhan ini penting dilakukan agar remaja putri bisa melakukan penanganan awal saat disminore sehingga tidak mengganggu aktivitas belajarnya.
Bilateral spontaneous pneumothorax in undiagnosed asthma in an adult
Authors: Tavornshevin Pipu , Kongpolprom Napplika
Published: January 2025

Introduction: Bilateral spontaneous pneumothorax (BSP) is a rarely observed complication during an acute asthma attack. However, it can cause serious respiratory distress and must be rapidly treated.
Case presentation: A middle-aged male patient and active smoker with no previous medical illnesses presented to the emergency room, reporting severe dyspnea over the past 3 days. His vital signs were unstable, with severe desaturation (85% in room air). Physical examination revealed hyperresonance on percussion, diminished breath sounds in both lungs, and diffuse polyphonic wheezing. Chest X-ray displayed a moderate to large amount of bilateral pneumothorax with partially collapsed lungs. Thoracic computed tomography confirmed bilateral pneumothorax without evidence of cystic lung lesions or subpleural blebs. Importantly, imaging revealed diffuse mild bronchial wall thickening, indicative of chronic airway inflammation. The patient underwent treatment with bilateral tube thoracostomy and systemic corticosteroids. His treatment was maximized to control airway inflammation.
Conclusions: Acute asthma attacks can worsen due to disease progression or complications from other conditions mimicking asthma symptoms. BSP or unilateral spontaneous pneumothorax is a rare condition observed during an acute asthma attack, but it can be life-threatening. Delayed treatment and misdiagnosis may lead to serious respiratory distress and even death.
Mini-cutting technique for the propagation of a Eucalyptus camaldulensis clone selected in a semiarid region
Authors: De Felice Francisco Emerson F. , Dias-Araujo Poliana C. , Pinheiro Ewerton S. , Vergara Carlos
Published: January 2025

Aim of study: To assess the effectiveness of the mini-cutting technique in propagating a clone of Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh selected in semiarid conditions, test the impact of the growth regulators Indole-3-Acetic Acid (IAA) and Indole-3-Butyric Acid (IBA) on rooting and determine the dynamics of adventitious rooting. At the same time, an anatomical study was conducted to examine the tissues involved in the formation of adventitious roots.
Area of study: Mossoró, located in the state of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil.
Material and methods: The mini-stumps of the E. camaldulensis clone were subjected to five consecutive prunings and the shoots were analyzed for their adventitious rooting capacity by testing the IAA and IBA auxins at four doses (0 -control; 1,000; 2,000; and 4,000 mg.L-1). A temporal analysis of rooting was carried out with evaluations performed every 7 days from the day of staking until day 28 and samples were collected to peform the anatomic analysis.
Main results: The mini-stumps from E. camaldulensis clone showed 100% survival, 13 propagules per mini-stump/month and 900 sprouts/m2/month. The adventitious rooting was lower in control (55%) than in IAA (85%) and IBA (80%) at 2.000 mg.L-1. Rhizogenesis of the mini-cuttings started at day 14. The IAA and IBA increased mini-cutting rooting speed. Root formation was direct from phloem or vascular cambium in control and from xylem, phloem or vascular cambium in mini-cuttings treateds with IAA and IBA.
Research highlights: The E. camaldulensis clone showed strong potential for propagation under semiarid conditions, with rooting and survival rates above 80% when treated with auxins. These results confirm the mini-cutting technique as an efficient and practical solution for large-scale propagation, offering valuable applications in commercial forestry under challenging environmental conditions.
HOW TO MANAGE POST-OPERATIVE PAIN AFTER LAPAROSCOPIC CHOLESYSTECTOMY COMPARISON OF THREE DISTINCT APPROACHES: A PROSPECTIVE RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED STUDY
Authors: ŞENOL ZAFER , ERTÜRK TUNA , GÜLŞEN TAYGUN , YILDIRAK KADİR , METİN YAMAÇ DİLEK
Published: January 2025

Amaç: Laparoskopik Kolesistektomi (LC), günlük genel cerrahi pratiğinde en çok yapılan ameliyatlardan biridir ve ameliyat sonrası ağrının giderilmesinin
yetersiz olması, hastanede kalış süresinin uzamasıyla ilişkilidir. Transvers abdominis düzlem bloğu (TAPB), port bölgesi lokal anestezik enjeksiyonu (PSLAI)
ve safra kesesi yatağı lokal anestezik püskürtme (GBLAS), çok sayıda ağrı yönetimi stratejisinin bir parçasını oluşturur. Bu çalışmada, transvers abdominis
düzlem bloğu (TAPB), port bölgesi lokal anestezik enjeksiyonu (PSLAI) ve safra kesesi yatağı lokal anestezik püskürtme (GBLAS) yaklaşımlarında laparoskopik
kolesistektomi sonrası postoperatif ağrıyı karşılaştırmayı amaçladık.
Gereç ve Yöntem: 99 hasta 3 gruba randomize edildi. Hasta Kontrollü Analjezi (PCA) kullanıldı ve toplam analjezik talebi ve dozu, postoperatif (p.o) 2, 6, 12 ve
24. saatlerde Sayısal Derecelendirme Ölçeği (NRS) değerleri ile birlikte kaydedildi.
Bulgular: Postoperatif 24. saatte gruplar arasında PCA açısından istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark yoktu. Bununla birlikte, NRS değerleri PSLAI grubunda
TAPB ve GBLAS gruplarına kıyasla anlamlı olarak daha yüksekti.
Sonuç: Bu çalışma, tek bir denemedeki üç yöntemi karşılaştırdığı için benzersizdir. GBLAS, daha kısa bir prosedürle ilişkili olduğu için biraz daha fazla dikkat çekerken, her üç yöntem de uygulanabilir ve hatta birleştirilebilir. Bu çalışmanın, bu konuda gelecekteki randomize kontrollü çalışmaların (RCT) önünü
açacağına inanıyoruz.
(Re)vi na TV, fui lá e ‘twittei’
Authors: Lessa Leonardo Alexsander , Bressan Júnior Mario Abel
Published: January 2025

Objetivo: O objetivo desta pesquisa é averiguar o papel da música e da televisão na constituição e evocação de memórias afetivas recordadas via Twitter, diante da volta dos artistas musicais Balão Mágico, Sandy & Junior e Rouge, além de analisar a atuação da rede social Twitter como ambiente de proliferação de memórias e afetos. Metodologia: Por meio de uma Análise de Conteúdo (Bardin, 2011), investigamos mensagens publicadas no Twitter durante a primeira aparição de cada artista na TV após seu respectivo retorno. Resultados: Os resultados apontam a TV e a música como meios capazes de estimular memórias e afetos positivos na audiência, enquanto o Twitter permite que o público repercuta a programação ao mesmo tempo em que a assiste, gerando um laço social entre telespectadores de todo o mundo.
Registro de lições aprendidas em projetos
Authors: Ramos Junior Mauricio Augusto Cabral
Published: January 2025

Objetivo: Analisar a possibilidade de registro de informações no Dragon Dreaming, um método de gestão de projetos inspirado na cultura aborígine australiana e baseado no conhecimento tácito, com foco na sua abordagem sobre aprendizagem, conhecimento e informação. Metodologia: Abordagem qualitativa, natureza aplicada e objetivos exploratórios, empregando os procedimentos bibliográfico e documental e a técnica da Análise Estatística Textual. Resultados: Descrição dos preceitos do método (empregando análise de similitude e classificação hierárquica descendente), revelando que i) a informação é antes vista como insumo estratégico (compreensão de contextos) que cognitivo (aquisição de conhecimento), ii) um problema é antes visto como motivação para um projeto que oportunidade de aprendizagem no projeto e iii) não se prescreve a documentação nos projetos. Considerando o contexto digital atual e os preceitos do método, a transcrição de reuniões de projeto surgiu como opção para processamento textual visando identificar eventuais lições candidatas ao registro como lições aprendidas. Conclusões: Ao constituir um acervo textual com informações potencialmente relevantes, a transcrição de reuniões de projeto pode contribuir com a memória organizacional e gestão do conhecimento em projetos executados por meio de métodos baseados no conhecimento tácito, como o Dragon Dreaming e as metodologias ágeis.
Um modelo para gestão informacional criativa em cenários digitais
Authors: Bauer Cássio Henrique , Bedin Sonali Paula Molin
Published: January 2025

Objetivo: apresentar um modelo que permita auxiliar a prática atual nas mídias digitais através do design thinking considerando as competências da CI. Metodologia: pesquisa qualitativa, básica, com levantamento bibliográfico assistemático, exploratório- descritiva, de ordem teórico-metodológica. Metodologia: investigação qualitativa, básica, com relevância bibliográfica teórico-metodológica, exploratória-descritiva, não sistemática.Resultados: apresenta-se um modelo com capacidade de aplicação prática, com etapas, ferramentas e recursos, que condiz com as competências esperadas dos profissionais da CI considerando a sociedade em rede em que se inserem. Conclusões: contribui para que os desafios que envolvam a gestão da informação sejam amenizados em ambientes digitais ao garantir um direcionamento prático de atuação; garante a atualidade e possui tendência a fomentar a criatividade e a inovação para resolver problemas complexos.
Interseções entre Planos de Gestão de Dados acionáveis por máquina e métricas para os Princípios FAIR
Authors: Rezende Laura Vilela Rodrigues , Siebra Sandra de Albuquerque , Silva Fabiano Couto Corrêa da , Araújo Denise Oliveira de , Oliveira Alexandre Faria de
Published: January 2025

Objetivo: Este estudo busca analisar interseções entre os Planos de Gestão de Dados acionáveis por máquina (maDMPs) e os Princípios FAIR, investigando como essas duas abordagens podem ser aplicadas para melhorar a gestão e reutilização de dados científicos. Metodologia: A pesquisa realizou uma análise relacional entre os dez princípios dos maDMPs, propostos por Miksa et al. (2019), e as métricas do projeto FAIRsFAIR Data Object Assessment Metrics (v.0.4), focando em como os princípios FAIR podem ser implementados fluxos de trabalho de gestão de dados que utilizam os planos de gestão acionáveis por máquina. Resultados: O estudo identificou que todos os 10 princípios de maDMPs analisados estão alinhados com as métricas FAIR estudadas. Conclusões: Os maDMPs têm potencial para se tornarem uma ferramenta central no ecossistema científico, facilitando a interoperabilidade e o uso de dados em múltiplos contextos. O alinhamento entre maDMP e os princípios FAIR pode aumentar a eficiência na gestão de dados, promover o compartilhamento automatizado de informações entre sistemas e reduzir a carga burocrática para os pesquisadores, ao mesmo tempo em que melhora a qualidade dos dados gerados. No entanto, sua adoção ampliada, para além dos requisitos tecnológicos e técnicos necessários por parte de todos os envolvidos, requer incentivos institucionais, regulatórios e de mudança cultural.
Google search e a faceta confiável
Authors: Barros Suellen Timm , Camossi Gustavo , Vidotti Silvana Aparecida Borsetti Gregorio , Rodas Cecílio Merlotti
Published: January 2025

Objetivo: O objetivo é compreender a interação dos usuários com informações contextuais disponibilizadas pelo motor de busca, analisando a eficácia e a visibilidade deste recurso. Metodologia: A pesquisa adotou uma abordagem qualitativa utilizando Eye Tracking, protocolo verbal e entrevistas semi-estruturadas. A amostra consistiu em 21 participantes, sendo 8 estudantes de Graduação em Fonoaudiologia e 13 de PósGraduação em Ciência da Informação da Unesp. Os dados foram coletados e analisados com o software Tobii Studio. Resultados: Os resultados mostraram que a maioria dos usuários buscou o recurso "Sobre este resultado" na parte superior do Google Search ou nos links recuperados. Apenas 38% dos participantes localizaram o recurso, destacando a necessidade de uma maior visibilidade e melhor posicionamento. Além disso, 85,71% dos participantes consideraram o recurso útil para verificar a confiabilidade de sites desconhecidos, embora tenham encontrado dificuldades em sua localização. Conclusões: A pesquisa sugere que a visibilidade e o design do recurso "Sobre este resultado" devem ser aprimorados para aumentar sua eficácia e utilidade. A localização estratégica e a iconografia clara são cruciais para garantir que os usuários reconheçam e utilizem o recurso adequadamente. A análise das Áreas de Interesse indica que o conteúdo e o design da interface influenciam diretamente a percepção de confiabilidade pelos usuários.
Writing Assessment Literacy: A Study of Formative Assessment Practice Among Wattala International School English Teachers
Authors:   Sri Lanka Institute of Information Technology, Malabe, Sri Lanka, Hafsa S. F. , Rathnasena Upeksha ,   Sri Lanka Institute of Information Technology, Malabe, Sri Lanka
Published: January 2025

Research into the technicalities of Writing Assessment Literacy (WAL) is an expanding domain, with many scholars stressing that its complex nature has not been fully developed in both pre- and in-service teachers due to oversights in teacher education and professional development. This study used survey data (N=20) and interviews (N=5) to investigate the practices of English language teachers related to formative assessment of writing in international schools in the Watt ala Divisional Secretariat. The results complement existing findings that a majority of teachers mirror summatie assessments in the practice of formative writing assessment, misrepresent their understanding of rubrics and feedback, and face limitations in the effective use of assessment results. The study concludes that specialized training in theory and practice related to WAL is needed to broaden the scope of classroom assessment methods used by international schoolteachers with focus on alternative assessment, transparent feedback practices, and purposeful collaboration between educators. Keywords: writing assessment literacy; assessment for learning; formative assessment; teacher practices
In Silico Analysis of the Diversity of DPYD Gene Variants Affecting Fluoropyrimidine Toxicity: A Comparison of South Asians with Other World Populations
Authors:   Sri Lanka Institute of Information Technology, Malabe, Sri Lanka, Perera Nirmalee , Weerasinghe Manura ,   Sri Lanka Institute of Information Technology, Malabe, Sri Lanka, Kasturiarachchi Jagath ,   Sri Lanka Institute of Information Technology, Malabe, Sri Lanka, Ranasinghe Priyanga ,   University of Colombo, Sri Lanka
Published: January 2025

Fluoropyrimidine (FP) chemotherapy drug is utilized to treat colon, head, neck and breast cancers. Apart from its effectiveness, toxicity is a limitation. DPD (dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase) enzyme, which aids in the FP metabolism is produced by the highly polymorphic DPYD gene. Mutations in the DPYD gene cause the deficiency or non-functionality of the DPD enzyme which varies among different populations. This research aimed to compare allele frequencies of common DPYD gene variants of South Asians (SAS) such as DPYD*2A(rs3918290), DPYD*9(rs1801265), DPYD*5, rs2297595, DPYD*6, rs17376848, rs56038477, DPYD*4(rs1801158), rs67376798 and rs75017182 with Africans (AFR), Amish (AMI), Lati n Americans (AMR), Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ), East Asians (EAS), Finnish (FIN) and Non-Finnish (NFE). Allele frequencies were obtained from the Genome Aggregation Database in the PharmGKB database. Χ² analysis was performed. p<0.05 was deemed to be statistically significant. The study found a significant difference between the SAS population and AFR, AMR, ASJ, EAS, FIN and NFE populations for the DPYD*9A gene variant, except for the AMI population. The distribution of the DPYD*2A gene variant of SAS was found to be significant in the AFR, ASJ, FIN and NFE populations, except for AMR and AMI. The prevalence of DPYD*5, DPYD*6, rs17376848, and rs56038477 in the SAS significantly differed from all above-mentioned populations. The distribution of the rs75017182 gene variant in SAS has shown significant differences with AFR, AMR, ASJ and EAS except for NFE and FIN. This study highlights the variations in pharmacogenomics data specific to populations that could lead to personalized medicine and the need for DPYD genotyping before cancer treatment, especially in SAS communities where clinically significant genetic variations and haplotypes occur. Study findings pinpoint the potential contribution of DPYD gene variations to individual variability in anti -cancer dosage requirements among SAS. Keywords: Pharmacogenomics; Personalized medicine; Fluoropyrimidine; Fluoropyrimidine toxicity; South Asians
Investigation of Measures to Control Epiphytes and Endophytes Present in Nodal Explants of Persea Americana Mill in Its in Vitro Establishment
Authors:   Sri Lanka Institute of Information Technology, Sri Lanka, Chamandi S.Naveesha , Peiris Sriyani E. ,   Sri Lanka Institute of Information Technology, Sri Lanka
Published: January 2025

Significant advancements in micropropagation methods facilitate the commercial cultivation of avocado (Persea americana Mill), a remarkable tropical and sub-tropical fruit, highly recommended for its nutritional value. Since high quality, true-to-type planting materials are required to promote the commercial producti on of avocado, this study was conducted with the objective of investigati ng an eff ective sterilization method to control both epiphytes and endophytes present in nodal explants of P. americana cv. ‘Pollock’ to optimize in vitro establishment measures which will lead to popularize its micropropagation. In this study, nodal segments of approximately 10 cm from soft wood stem cuttings of P. americana cv ‘Pollock’ were used to obtain explants. The effects of 10%, 20%, and 30% concentrations of sodium hypochlo- rite (NaOCl) were evaluated, with exposure durations of 10 and 20 minutes, to determine their efficacy in eliminating epiphytes during vitro establishment. Additionally, the nodal explants were treated with 100 mg/L Augmenti n™ for 20 - minutes and 30 - minutes periods respectively, as a final dip before culturing to eradicate endophytes. The effects of three different culture media, half-strength Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium, Woody Plant Medium (WPM), and Gamborg’s medium (B5) were also investigated. The highest survival rate (83%) of nodal segments was achieved when explants were sterilized with 20% Na- OCl for 20 minutes, followed by a final sterilization step involving a 30-minute dip in Augmenti n™, and subsequently cultured in WPM medium. Keywords: Avocado; In vitro propagation; Nodal segments; Sodium Hypochlorite
Effectiveness of Spaced Repetition Techniques for Vocabulary Acquisition for English Language Learners in Maritime Industry
Authors:   University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, Jayawardena H. M. C. P.
Published: January 2025

This study investigates the effectiveness of spaced repetition (SR) techniques for vocabulary acquisition and retention in adult English as a Second language (ESL) learners within the maritime industry. Twenty students conveniently sampled from a maritime English course participated. The research employed a mixed method approach with pre-test, post-test, and delayed post-test designs to assess vocabulary knowledge in both an Anki spaced repetition group and a rote memorization group. The classroom environment was observed to be friendly, supportive, and facilitated learning in the students’ first language. This likely contributed to a positive learning experience for both groups. Pre-test results confirmed the students in both groups were beginners (A1 level) in maritime English. Post-test results revealed that the rote memorization group achieved high scores in recalling exact definitions, demonstrating effectiveness for immediate recall. However, the Anki group displayed a deeper understanding of vocabulary concepts beyond simply memorizing definitions. A one-month delayed post-test highlighted the significant advantage of SR for long-term retention. The Anki group performed exceptionally well, while the rote memorization group struggled with vocabulary activities. This suggests that spaced practice facilitated the transition of learned vocabulary from short-term to long-term memory. These findings support the potential benefits of SR (Anki1) for fostering deeper vocabulary understanding and long-term retention compared to rote memorization techniques in adult ELLs learning maritime English. While the small sample size and convenient sampling method limit generalizability, this research provides valuable insights for future studies exploring SR effectiveness across various learning contexts and proficiency levels in the maritime industry.
Keywords: English as a Second Language Learners; Maritime English; Spaced Repetition (SR); Vocabulary Acquisition
From Classrooms to Conversations: Examining the Gap in English Language Speaking Skills among Sri Lankan English as a Second Language (ESL) Learners
Authors:   Sri Lanka Institute of Information Technology, Malabe, Sri Lanka, Rathnayaka R.M.J.U. , Fernando M.A.N.N. ,   Sri Lanka Institute of Information Technology, Malabe, Sri Lanka, George L.V. ,   Sri Lanka Institute of Information Technology, Malabe, Sri Lanka, Dissanayake D.M.M.S. ,   Sri Lanka Institute of Information Technology, Malabe, Sri Lanka
Published: January 2025

The persistent struggle of Sri Lankan learners relating to spoken English proficiency despite extensive formal instruction continues to be a dominant issue in English language teaching and learning in the local context. Thus, with the objective of finding out the underlying factors that contribute to the low competency in English language speaking skills of secondary level learners, this study was conducted based on the research question ‘what are the reasons that hinder the improvement in English language speaking of Sri Lankan ESL learners?’. Data collection included a mixed-method approach: a detailed questionnaire was distributed, and interviews were conducted either face-to-face or online (via Zoom) with six educators and twenty-four students across the Western and Eastern provinces of Sri Lanka. The participants included eighteen Sinhala and twelve Tamil speakers. The questionnaires were subjected to quantitative analysis using cross-tabulation and descriptive statistics. Additionally, for the interviews conducted, content analysis was employed. Furthermore, the Cross-Validation approach was used to support the findings. The analyses reveal several critical barriers to improving spoken proficiency: inadequate educational resources, antiquated pedagogical practices, limited immersion in the language, and challenges with pronunciation leading to an inhibition towards speaking English. Teachers mainly highlighted a predominance of conventional, grammar-centric teaching methods and the reluctance to utilize available technological tools due to concerns about misuse and damage. The student participants reported that their reluctance to practice speaking is due to fear of making errors and being negatively judged, compounded by an excessive focus on examination success. Both teachers and students were of the view that examination papers prioritise receptive skills over productive ones, thereby reinforcing a cycle of rote learning and exam-oriented instruction. This study advocates for a reformation in national examinations to include assessments of productive skills, speaking and listening, to better reflect comprehensive language competence. Additionally, it is suggested that cultivating a genuine passion for English within students, despite existing constraints, could significantly enhance their language acquisition and learning. Educators are encouraged to adopt more innovative and supportive teaching strategies that emphasize practical language use and student engagement. Keywords: Assessment reform; Pedagogical practices; Psychological barriers; Spoken English language proficiency
Exploring the Effectiveness of Sri Lanka’s Language Proficiency Support for Bilingual Education Teachers
Authors:   National Institute of Education, Maharagama, Pakeerathy S.
Published: January 2025

This research investigates the effectiveness of Language Proficiency Support Systems (LPSS) in Bilingual Education (BE) in Sri Lanka. The Bilingual Education Program, initiated in 2001, aims to improve teachers’ cognitive skills and academic language proficiency in English. However, BE faces challenges due to varying levels of language proficiency among teachers. The study aims to identify linguistic challenges for teachers, explore existing support mechanisms, and propose strategies to enhance language proficiency and pedagogical skills. The research targets teachers of BE and teacher educators, with a sample size of thirty across the country. The research design is survey based, and the instruments are questionnaires and interviews. The study reveals gaps in current LPSS and suggests the need for targeted interventions to improve bilingual education and teacher training. Effective bilingual teachers require fluency in their first language (L1) and English (L2), with robust pedagogical skills to navigate bilingual classrooms effectively. The proposed plan includes revising teacher education curricula, providing specialized language proficiency training, organizing workshops on bilingual pedagogy, and integrating technology into teaching practices. Enhanced community engagement and professional development opportunities are crucial for continuous improvement. The proposed interventions aim to foster improved student outcomes and contribute to the broader discourse on bilingual education.
Keywords: Language Proficiency Support Systems (LPSS); Bilingual Education (BE); Teacher Education Program (TEP); CLIL; BICS; CALP
A Study on the Effect of Bittern Treatments with Organic Fertilizers on the Growth of Tomato
Authors:   Sri Lanka Institute of Information Technology, Malabe, Sri Lanka, De Alwis N. S. , Priyadarshani S.V.G.N. ,   Sri Lanka Institute of Information Technology, Malabe, Sri Lanka, Gammanpila H.W. ,   Sri Lanka Institute of Information Technology, Malabe, Sri Lanka
Published: January 2025

Bittern, a byproduct of the solar salt production process has been studied for its potential to become a cost-effective fertilizer due to its high ion concentration. However, high salt toxicity and low levels of phosphorus and nitrogen have affected its ability to supply the plant’s nutritional requirements on its own fully. Here we observe its success as a fertilizer when paired with known organic, nutritional sources such as Gliricidia sepium and Vermi-wash in the growth of Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) a crop of high commercial value and nutrition, that is cultivated in Sri Lanka during both agricultural seasons. These two components when added to diluted Bittern were able to provide nutrients that Bittern did not contain. Certain combinations of ratios of the three components were revealed to be more successful than others with the combination of Bittern 25%, Gliricidia leaf pulp, and Vermi-wash 25% leading to a 63% overall increase in growth parameters, surpassing the increment of its respective control group. This indicated that Bittern could be utilized to develop a substitute for expensive inorganic fertilizers by pairing it with other low-cost, organic nutritional sources such as Gliricidia sepium and Vermi-wash. This may also be a more environmentally friendly substitute for syntheti c fertilizers. Keywords: Bitt ern; Tomato; Gliricidia; Vermi-wash; Growth
Digital Marketing Strategies for University Student Recruitments in Sri Lanka
Authors:   Sri Lanka Institute of Information Technology, Malabe, Sri Lanka, Bandara K. M. G. C. , Jayasuriya N.A. ,   Sri Lanka Institute of Information Technology, Malabe, Sri Lanka, Jayathilaka Ruwan ,   Sri Lanka Institute of Information Technology, Malabe, Sri Lanka
Published: January 2025

This study aims to investigate the effectiveness of digital marketing strategies in attracting students into the non-state higher education sector in Sri Lanka. Many students in Sri Lanka sit for Advanced Level Examination but a few of them enrol in the non-state higher education institutions due to the ineffectiveness of marketing strategies of these institutions. Hence, the objective of this study is to explore the effectiveness of digital marketing strategies for university selection, and the effectiveness of involvement excellence (which includes first impression, brand recognition, intuitive navigation, and application submission) arising from digital marketing strategies for university selection. This qualitative study utilised judgemental sampling to select marketing managers for conducting structured interviews as the data collection method. The collected data have been analysed through thematic analysis. Findings show the effectiveness of social media, optimised website design, and search engine optimisation for university selection and the effectiveness of involvement excellence consisting of first impression, brand recognition, intuitive navigation, and application submission experience for university selection.
Keywords: Digital marketing; social media; optimised website design; search engine
Queer Identities in The Seven Moons of Maali Almeida by Karunatilaka (2022) and The Song of Achilles by Miller (2011): A Comparative Analysis from a South Asian Perspective
Authors:   Horizon Campus, Malabe, Rodrigo Diluni , Jayamanna Tharindu ,   Horizon Campus, Malabe
Published: January 2025

This research study attempts to present a comparative analysis of the queer identities portrayed in The Seven Moons of Maali Almeida by Shehan Karunatilaka (2022) and The Song of Achilles by Madeline Miller (2011) from a South Asian perspective to examine how cultural, historical, and socio-political aspects of their geographical settings influence such identities in both novels and to identify the narrative techniques and characterizations used in them to portray their queer relationships. Moreover, the central questions that guide this study are: 1) how queer do the identities depicted through their main characters appear to be; and 2) and what similarities and differences emerge in the portrayal of their queer relationships. In order to achieve these objectives a qualitative research approach is adopted where the data is collected by subjecting the respective novels to a thorough critical reading and extracting the relevant evidence from their narrative using critical discourse analysis. The data is analyzed using techniques developed from queer theory, semiotics, and critical discourse analysis. Finally, this research attempts to reveal from a South Asian perspective the author’s expectation for the queer identities portrayed in the two relevant while illuminating on the fact they appeal for inclusive society. Keywords: Queer identities; South Asian Perspective; Comparative analysis; Inclusivity; Representation
Enhancing Analytic Writing Skills in the Context of English Literature through Guided Writing Strategies: Addressing Challenges Faced by HNDE Students in Crafting Literature Responses
Authors:   Advanced Technological Institute, Jaffna, Sivasankar Sivananthan , Pathmaperuma P.A.S.G. ,   Advanced Technological Institute, Jaffna
Published: January 2025

The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of Guided Writing Techniques (GWT) on enhancing Analytical Writing Skills (AWS) among Higher National Diploma English students, focusing on their ability to respond effectively to English literature questions. From a population of 50 first- year students, 25 participants were selected through purposive sampling. This study employed a mixed- methods approach, combining quantitative pretests and post-tests with qualitative structured interviews to gain insights into students’ challenges and progress in Analytical writing. The study commenced with pretests, which, along with structured interviews, highlighted specific difficulties students faced in crafting responses to English literature questions and in AWS within this context. The intervention activities guided participants through three stages, each designed to build essential skills for producing effective literary responses: Literary Analysis Skill (LAS), Higher-Order Thinking Skill (HOT skill), and AWS, structured around GWT. Short stories, a form within the prose genre, were exclusively selected as the primary material for these activities. Following each stage of the intervention, individual post-tests were conducted to assess the development of core competencies. The findings revealed a significant improvement in students’ AWS, evidenced by a correlation coefficient of 0.8914, underscoring the effectiveness of GWT. These techniques, mediated by LAS and HOT Skills, enabled students to craft focused, well-structured responses that thoroughly engage with literature questions. The study concludes that GWT, when integrated with LAS and HOT skills, is highly effective in enhancing AWS in English literature, highlighting their potential as a valuable instructional approach in similar educational contexts. Keywords : Guided Writing Techniques; Analytical Writing, Literary Analysis Skills; Higher Order Thinking skill
Forecasting Global Annual Average CO2 Concentrations
Authors:   Sri Lanka Institute of Information Technology, Malabe, Sri Lanka, Rasanjali R.P.B , Tharupathi M.D.G ,   Sri Lanka Institute of Information Technology, Malabe, Sri Lanka, Dharmarathne S.R.J.M ,   Sri Lanka Institute of Information Technology, Malabe, Sri Lanka, Weerakoon M.M ,   Sri Lanka Institute of Information Technology, Malabe, Sri Lanka, Peris T.S.G ,   Sri Lanka Institute of Information Technology, Malabe, Sri Lanka
Published: January 2025

This study aims to enhance the accuracy of CO₂ level forecasts, compare the efficacy of different predictive models, and provide insights for policy development. Employing time series and regression analysis techniques, the study uses historical data from global monitoring stations (1979- 2022) to model the annual mean concentration of atmospheric CO2 The results reveal that the ARIMA (1,1,1) model outperforms the simple linear regression model in predictive accuracy. Nevertheless, the regression model came across a technical problem as residuals are significantly autocorrelated. The Augmented Dickey-Fuller test was applied to ensure stationarity of the first difference of the original series. The model was trained using data from 1979 to 2022 and validated for 2023. The errors of the ARIMA(1,1,1) was found to be white noise. The ARIMA model projected CO₂ concentrations of 419.5, 421.8 and 424.2 for the years 2023, 2024, and 2025 respectively, with a percentage error of just 0.048% for the 2023. In contrast, the corresponding percentage of error for the simple linear regression model was -1.236%. These findings underscore the ARIMA model’s superior performance in forecasting future CO₂ levels and its suitability for environmental monitoring and climate change mitigation strategies. This research provides a valuable methodological framework for future atmospheric science studies and informs policy decisions aimed at addressing rising CO₂ concentrations. Keywords: ARIMA; CO₂; Forecasting; Regression; Time series
Knowledge Regarding Leptospirosis among Farmers in a Selected Medical Officer of Health Area in Ratnapura District, Sri Lanka
Authors:   The Open University of Sri Lanka, Upasena K.D.A.M , Kumara U.M.S.S ,   The Open University of Sri Lanka, Siriwardhana K.A.S.M ,   The Open University of Sri Lanka, Gunarathna M.A.V.S ,   The Open University of Sri Lanka, Sriyani K.A ,   The Open University of Sri Lanka
Published: January 2025

The impact of leptospirosis is huge since it causes high morbidity and mortality, while it remains a neglected disease due to a lack of knowledge and gaps in using preventive measures. The present study aimed to assess the knowledge regarding leptospirosis among paddy farmers in the Weligepola MOH area in Ratnapura district, Sri Lanka. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 344 paddy farmers from selected five Grama Niladari divisions in the Weligepola MOH area. A content-validated, interviewer-administered questionnaire to assess farmers’ knowledge and their characteristics. As revealed, almost all participants (99.1%) were ever heard about leptospirosis. Mean±SD overall knowledge of leptospirosis was 58.32±13.74, and only 52.6% of participants had good knowledge on leptospirosis while others did not. Though farmers are adequately aware of preventive methods and sources of infection, their knowledge regarding mode of transmission, reservoirs, initial symptoms, and the organs affected by leptospirosis has yet to be improved. Even though almost all the farmers had heard about Doxycycline (98.5%), only 65.9% of farmers used it. Study findings reveal some knowledge gaps. Therefore, the present study underscores the importance of implementing regular education programmes on leptospirosis among farmers in this community widely.
Keywords: Leptospirosis; farmers; knowledge; Weligepola; Sri Lanka
Forming Policies for Ethical AI Use in Academic Writing
Authors:   American College of Higher Educati on, Sri Lanka, Hussain Zareena D.
Published: January 2025

Easy access to generative AI has raised concerns about students’ engaging in academic dishonesty in their writing. AI in writing where a text written by an AI text generating software is used and submitted for dissemination or evaluation is presented as the students’ own work can be considered to be plagiarism. Students in higher education institutions can be penalized if AI text is detected in their examinations. However, as AI text generators can also be used to support and improve a student’s writing, there is a question as to what extent and what types of usage of AI text generators can be considered as plagiarism. Thus, it would be of great advantage to students if their respective higher education institutions can have clear guidelines and policies on AI use in students’ academic writing. This literature survey analyses the policies and instructions with regard to AI use in writing developed by the topmost universities in four English as a first language countries, namely Melbourne (Australia), Auckland (New Zealand), Cambridge (UK) and Princeton (USA). The literature analysis particularly focused on the two themes of (1) instructions to academic staff and (2) instructors to students. Significant instructions have been tabulated and discussed. They hold potential value as guidelines for consideration when formulating and improving policies for local state and non-state higher educational institutes. Keywords: AI text generators; ChatGPT; Plagiarism; Higher education policies