bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Implementation and Evaluation of the Enhanced Maintenance Reminder Staff Training Module in Improving Objection Handling Skills of Newly Hired Toyota Dealer Personnel
Authors: - Kathleen Claire D. Abad , - Rhodora I. Dela Rosa , - Elmer D. Dela Rosa , - Edwin D. Ibañez
Published: June 2024

This study describes the implementation and evaluation of the enhanced Maintenance Reminder Staff (MRS) training module to improve objection handling skills of newly hired Toyota dealer personnel. The research study employs a quasi-experimental design with two groups of newly hired MRS. The MRS were categorized into two groups that will undergo different treatments: (1) With Pre/Post Test, With Training, With Post-Test, and (2) With Pre and Post Test, with Training (Enhanced MRS Module), With Post Test. The participants were evaluated using the identified Knowledge and Skill Level Indicators (KSLIs): (1) Pre/post Test Score, (2) Mystery Shop Results, (3) CSI Result, (4) Booked Appointment Rate, and (5) Toyota Dealer Success Program (TDSP) Score. The study findings shed light on the effectiveness of the implemented enhanced training module on objection handling skills of newly hired MRS, as well as its implications for educational practice in the corporate setting, highlighting its potential to positively contribute to the overall success of Toyota.
Evolution of Teacher Competencies in Current Medical Education Scenario- A Review.
Authors: - Dr.SUNJITH SUDHAKAR
Published: June 2024

Medical schools navigate through the complexities of modern healthcare and technological advancements, the competencies expected of the educators are undergoing a significant transformation.
Analysis of Common Movements and Discomforts among Rubber Farmers: Basis for Exercise Movements
Authors: - Randel John S. Bulawin , - Chiedel Joan G. San Diego , - Sotero O. Malayao, Jr. , - Leo N. Santillana
Published: June 2024

The development of exercise movements based on the everyday movements of women rubber farmers and their bodily discomforts is examined in this qualitative study. It is specifically tailored to enhance the physical fitness and well-being of female farmers in the agricultural region of Naga, located in the province of Zamboanga Sibugay, Philippines. The muscles affected by the common movements of rubber tapping, which result in body pains and complaints, are investigated. It is found that the common movements of rubber farming are as follows: Unang Palagsik, Sanggot, Buhi-Sanggot, and Manawat. The results were collected and biomechanically analyzed with the help of a licensed physical therapist. It was concluded that the body parts mostly affected by rubber farming are the back, legs, neck, and arms. Exercise movements in the form of images and instructions were then formulated and assigned to each common movement, serving as the final output of this research study. The physical health and occupational well-being of women rubber farmers are expected to improve based on the study's findings, contributing to sustainable agricultural practices and community development initiatives.
Reading Instructional Leadership and Pedagogical Digitized Reading Practices in Selected Public Schools in Parañaque City
Authors: - May Ann G. Tarrazona
Published: June 2024

This research aims to correlate the assessment of the reading instructional leadership of the school administrators and extent of implementation of teachers on digitized reading Division of Parañaque, City. Drawing on survey data collected from a diverse sample of educators, the study assesses reading instructional leadership practices, implementation of digitized reading instruction, and the influence of demographic factors on educators' perceptions and practices. The findings reveal consistently high scores in reading instructional leadership, indicating a strong alignment between administrators' practices and the promotion of a shared vision for reading instruction.
Additionally, teachers demonstrate a high level of implementation of digitized reading instruction, leveraging digital resources to enhance content delivery, teaching strategies, and assessment practices. While demographic factors such as age, civil status, length of service, and educational attainment do not significantly influence the implementation of digitized reading instruction, age emerges as a significant factor affecting assessment and overall implementation.
The study underscores the importance of tailored support programs for educators, leadership development initiatives for administrators, and fostering a data-driven culture to inform instructional practices. Recommendations include promoting diversity and inclusivity, providing professional development opportunities, supporting effective leadership practices, fostering data-driven decision-making, and encouraging the integration of digital tools into reading instruction. By implementing these recommendations, educational stakeholders can create a supportive environment conducive to enhancing literacy outcomes and promoting student success.
Evolving Oral Diagnostics: Cone-beam Computed Tomography's (CBCT) Importance in Contemporary Dentistry
Authors: - Nupur Agarwal , - Puneet Gupta
Published: June 2024

Recent improvements in cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) have transformed maxillofacial imaging, which formerly depended on 2D imaging. This review highlights the benefits of CBCT in many dental specialties, including implant dentistry, endodontics, orthodontics, and temporomandibular joint examination. CBCT provides remarkable diagnostic accuracy while reducing radiation exposure, making it an invaluable tool in the dental practice. Artificial Intelligence and machine learning integration in CBCT technology offers numerous benefits, including automated image analysis, pathology detection, treatment planning, radiation dose reduction, image enhancement, workflow optimization, predictive analytics, personalized treatment plans, tele dentistry, and dental education. AI's role in dentistry is expected to improve diagnostic and therapeutic capacities while optimizing CBCT scans, resulting in better patient care.
Remaining Useful Life Estimation (RUL) For Critical Mechanical Components In Tractor
Authors: - SAHIL BHAGAT , - SANJEEV GUPTA , - PARDEEP SINGH
Published: June 2024

The proposed framework utilizes an evolutionary mathematical approach to optimize data-related parameters for estimating the Remaining Useful Life (RUL) of critical mechanical components. By integrating advanced time window techniques and considering factors like downtime and failure occurrences, it offers a comprehensive solution for RUL prediction across various industrial contexts. Continuous monitoring systems play a pivotal role by detecting component degradation early, allowing for proactive maintenance and minimizing catastrophic failures. Combining Mean Time to Repair (MTTR) and Mean Time Between Failures (MTBF) offers valuable insights into system performance, enabling proactive maintenance strategies. This review explores mathematical methodologies for predicting RUL in tractors, crucial for enhancing maintenance planning and remanufacturing engineering.
Television and Cinema as an Agent of Development and Social Change
Authors: - Asmita Pandey
Published: June 2024

Television and cinema have had an immense influence on society and culture universally. They have not only provided a global platform for the exchange of information but have also provided space for interaction between cultures.
In a world of globalization, beyond their primary aim of entertainment, television and cinema have become important means of communication among different communities while also gaining commercial value along the way. Where on one hand they have been used for communal and/or political propaganda, terrorism, religious preaching, coercion, cultural assimilation and as a means of making a profit, they have also represented social activism, promotion of various cultures and traditional practices and art.
Television and cinema, as a visual medium, provide diverse possibilities to society. From its conception as a black-and-white medium, it has evolved into a popular form of applications such as Netflix and Amazon Prime videos which has resulted in a much wider reach. For instance, the giant franchise of the Bond films promotes a particular political agenda with the backdrop of the Cold War and September 11 and the most popular cartoon show Tom and Jerry describes the relationship of predator-prey or oppressor-oppressed transcends the primary purpose of entertainment. The Charlie Chaplin films that offer a critique of the new progressing society and the various fairy tales that outline the gender and societal roles of individuals further expand the purpose and approach of the visual medium. Television and cinema take on a didactic role that not only aims at education but also contributes to the creation and/or destruction of conventions. This paper focuses on the evolution of television and cinema on a global platform while discussing its role in development and social change.
Digital Leadership and School Management Capabilities of School Administrators and Teachers Digital Teaching Performance: Basis for Professional Development Program
Authors: - Arnel Sumaya Alde
Published: June 2024

This study aimed to evaluate the significance of school administrators' digital leadership and school management on teachers' digital teaching performance within the context of digital learning and innovation programs. The research delves into the demographic profiles, digital leadership qualities, digital work capabilities, and digital performance of administrators and teachers in the Schools Division Office of Caloocan. A quantitative Descriptive-Correlational research design was employed, utilizing purposive sampling to gather data from 452 respondents: 72 school administrators and 380 teachers. The respondents completed a Likert Scale-based survey to assess various aspects related to digital leadership, digital work capabilities, and digital performance.
There were challenges noted in the following areas: budget constraints (3.43) and lack of organizational change management (2.67) were identified as primary barriers to embracing digital leadership and teaching.
The study underscored the importance of digital leadership and management in enhancing teachers' digital teaching performance. While administrators excel in certain aspects of digital leadership, there are evident areas for improvement. Demographic factors like age, sex, and teaching experience significantly influence perceptions of digital leadership and work capabilities. A proposed digital learning program, "IT LEAD for School Administrators," aims to address these gaps and promote innovative digital leadership skills among school administrators.
Innovative Combination of Dodgeball and Soccer Skills in Developing a Recreational Game
Authors: - Mara L. Cuya , - Chiedel Joan G. San Diego , - Sotero O. Malayao, Jr , - Grifftet S. Sumando
Published: June 2024

Today, traditional games are important because they hold cultural value, foster social interaction, require physical movement, and impart critical thinking skills needed in a multifaceted, interconnected world. This research focuses on creating a modified recreational game called Likyan-Bola, blending elements of dodgeball and soccer kicking skills to suit the needs and abilities of different groups. The study involved 200 participants from Mindanao State University- General Santos City, including varsity athletes, physical education students, and Bachelor of Physical Education students. The Input-Process-Output (IPO) Model was used for qualitative research design, employing the Successive Approximation Model (SAM). Feedback from participants highlighted the game's positive reception, with themes emerging around the modified game's development, gender inclusivity, and skill competence. Overall, Likyan-Bola was found to be playable, valid, and well-received, suggesting its potential for widespread adoption in physical education classes.
Consumer Involvement and Impact of Bollywood on purchase of Fashion Apparel
Authors: - Swati Bhargava
Published: June 2024

Understanding consumer purchase behaviour is imperative to success in contemporary marketing. When it comes to purchase of fashion apparels, consumer involvement plays an important role. Bollywood fashion is the also an influential factor behind the latest trends. The purpose of this study is to examine the impact of consumer involvement and Bollywood on the purchase of fashion apparels. A conceptual review of consumer involvement and impact of Bollywood on purchase of fashion apparels was done to get insights on the subject and which helped in framing the hypothesis. A questionnaire was designed for tapping product involvement, purchase decision involvement, consumption involvement and celebrity and Bollywood impact. Convenience sample of 200 respondents from Ajmer and Jaipur city was used. Descriptive statistics were assessed to examine the sociological variables including gender, age, etc. SPSS 15 for windows was employed for exploratory factor analysis. Findings indicate that consumers are much thoughtful while purchasing fashion apparels. Respondents who showed a stronger affiliation to movies and celebrity indicated a higher level of consumer involvement and resultant purchase of fashion apparels. However, self assessment also plays an important role.
Innovative Ecofriendly Coconut Husk Brushes
Authors: - Krishnamurthy L Bhat
Published: June 2024

AIM :
To reduce the time, energy and labours to cleaning the floor and bathroom by using the of innovative ecofriendly cocnut husk brushes.

INTRODUCTION :
The outer of almost houses are made by favors, interlocks or tiles or cement. Those are made dirty due to walking or by own vehicles or green algae of thallophytes are grown on the outside floor due to rain and also bathroom become dirty due to daily use. We can easily clean the floor and bathroom by using of the innovative ecofriendly cocnut husk brushes (Innovative Indigenous Floor And Bathroom Cleanig Brushes) in very less time which is made by coir husk. This is eco friendly brush. This brush worked on the principle of Simple Mechanism Theory.

METHODS:

Take two plates of 1.5x5 inches size of metal plate and these are bent as an arc. 4-5 holes are made on those plates equally for screw nuts. 3 pieces of desirable size of coir husk are cut at one end which becomes a brush. Each coir husk has a hole at another end as shown in the figure. Now, these coir husks are inserted between arc plates and fixed by the help of bolts tightly. Half feet of bent pipe is welded to this one with 60 degree angle as shown in the figure. And then two feet length wooden handle is fixated to this pipe as a handle.
Now we can easily clean by rubbing it against the bathroom tiles or outside floor with the help of water. It takes only one minute to clean 1 sq mt area. Comparatively with plastic brush takes three to four minutes. So we can save plenty of time along with being eco friendly. It costs 100 rupees only.
Noam Chomsky's Contribution to Linguistics
Authors: - Ashank Chaudhary , - Shabana Singh
Published: June 2024

This research paper explores Noam Chomsky's groundbreaking contributions to linguistics, focusing on his theories and their impact on our understanding of language acquisition and structure. Chomsky introduced the concept of transformational-generative grammar, revolutionising the study of syntax by proposing that all human languages share a common underlying structure, which he termed universal grammar. His work emphasized the innate nature of language acquisition, challenging behaviourist views and suggesting that humans are born predisposed to learn the language. The paper also examines the critical period hypothesis and how Chomsky's theories have influenced contemporary linguistic research and cognitive science. By delving into Chomsky's extensive work, this study highlights his role as a pioneering figure in modern linguistics and his enduring legacy in the field
Phytosociological Study of Tree Species of Dabla Beed Area, Churu District Rajasthan, India
Authors: - Mukesh Kumar Meena , - J.B. Khan
Published: June 2024

This study presents a comprehensive phytosociological analysis of tree species in the Dabla beed area of Churu District, Rajasthan, India, exploring seasonal variations in species composition, diversity, dominance, and evenness. The research was conducted across three seasons: rainy, winter, and summer, utilizing quadrat sampling methods to assess various ecological parameters. The findings reveal distinct seasonal shifts in the dominance and distribution of key species. During the rainy season, species such as Acacia senegal and Acacia tortilis exhibit high dominance and contribute to elevated species diversity and evenness. In winter, Maytenus emarginata and Acacia senegal emerge as prominent species, maintaining moderate diversity with increased dominance. The summer season sees a notable decline in diversity and evenness, accompanied by heightened dominance, with Calotropis procera and Clerodendrum phlomidis being particularly influential. These seasonal dynamics underscore the importance of adaptive management and conservation strategies to maintain the ecological integrity and biodiversity of the tree community in this arid region. The study highlights the critical need for targeted conservation efforts to ensure the sustainability of the diverse and dynamic tree populations in the Dabla beed area.
Una aproximación a la ideología lingüística de Antoni M. Alcover
Authors: Perea Maria Pilar
Published: June 2024

Antoni M. Alcover (Manacor, 1862 - Palma, 1932) promovió y lideró el Diccionari català-valencià-balear, una obra que supuso un hito para la lexicografía catalana ya que su contenido descansa en cuatro pilares: la lengua antigua, la lengua moderna, la lengua dialectal y la lengua literaria. Esta obra, finalizada por su discípulo Francesc de B. Moll (Ciudadela, 1903 - Palma, 1991), es todavía de gran actualidad y merece todos los respetos por parte de los romanistas.
A pesar del valor su obra, a causa de ciertas desavenencias con miembros del Institut d’Estudis Catalans, y en particular con Pompeu Fabra, y de la ruptura con los políticos de la Lliga regionalista, que hasta entonces le habían dado soporte, desde 1917 se forjó una leyenda alrededor de la figura de Alcover, que se incrementó durante todo el siglo y que en algunos foros intelectuales todavía perdura.
En este artículo se pretende, alejándose de los tópicos y de las críticas no fundamentadas, a partir de sus textos biográficos, definir la ideología lingüística de Alcover no solo con relación a la lengua catalana y su unidad, sino con respecto al papel de los dialectos en la configuración de la lengua estándar.
Ideología y sociedad en el s. XIX: matrimonio y familia según el Diccionario Nacional (1846-48) de Ramón Joaquín Domínguez
Authors: Quilis Merín Mercedes
Published: June 2024

A través de una muestra de las voces vinculadas con las relaciones sociales en el ámbito familiar presentes en el Diccionario Nacional o Gran diccionario clásico de la lengua española (1846-48) de R. J. Domínguez y su tratamiento lexicográfico, se analiza la ideología y la subjetividad sobre esta esfera del léxico en relación con las restricciones sociales de la época en los roles de género y su reflejo en las prácticas lexicográficas de los diccionarios españoles de la segunda mitad del siglo XIX.
La presencia de la mujer en la historia de la gramática española
Authors: Escudero Paniagua Francisco
Published: June 2024

Esta investigación se centra en el estudio de las referencias a mujeres en los ejemplos de cinco gramáticas del siglo XVIII (Gayoso, San Pedro, GRAE 1771, Ballot Y GRAE 1796). Con ella se trata de averiguar, en primer lugar, cuántas referencias a mujeres hay en la ejemplificación gramatical del siglo XVIII y, en segundo lugar, qué factores influyeron a los gramáticos para incluir más o menos figuras femeninas en sus ejemplos. Para ello se han realizado tres tipos de análisis: i) se han contabilizado los sustantivos y adjetivos sustantivados (o con sustantivos elípticos) femeninos referidos a mujeres, incluidos los nombres propios de personajes (históricos o ficcionales) o inventados ad hoc en cada ejemplo; los pronombres femeninos referidos a mujeres (ella, la, alguna, ninguna…) y las oraciones en las que se haga alusión a mujeres mediante la concordancia, pero sin ningún sustantivo o pronombre explícitamente femenino; ii) se ha analizado el contenido semántico de los ejemplos (sintagmas y oraciones) que incluyen referencias a varones y a mujeres; iii) se han comparado los datos totales de referencias a varones y a mujeres en los ejemplos.
La prensa española decimonónica como red dialogal de textos y vehículo de ideologías lingüísticas
Authors: Gaviño Rodríguez Victoriano , Silvestre Llamas Miguel
Published: June 2024

En el siglo XIX (fundamentalmente, a partir de la segunda mitad del siglo), la prensa escrita española se convierte en un medio privilegiado para intelectuales, eruditos, maestros y otras figuras de la época, que realizan grandes esfuerzos por llenar de contenidos las páginas de los numerosos periódicos, diarios y revistas que circulan por nuestro país. Aunque no siempre con idénticas intenciones, estamos ante un grupo de individuos que saben de lo que escriben o favorecen ambientes de participación y diálogo con grupos sociales más o menos amplios, convirtiendo el medio en una red dialogal de textos en el que estos autores se constituyen en puntos de partida de determinados procesos de ideologización sobre muy diversos temas de interés, de entre los cuales destaca el creciente interés por las actitudes hacia la lengua y su enseñanza a medida que avanza la centuria. En ocasiones, estos hablistas presentan sus ideas sin la mención explícita a otras autoridades; en otras, se apoyan en fuentes que coadyuvan a justificar y legitimar sus ideas lingüísticas. En cualquiera de los casos, sus posiciones ideológicas no solo vienen marcadas por las obras o autores utilizadas como canon, sino también por la interesada selección o (re)interpretación de los textos.
Este trabajo pretende analizar esa doble vertiente de la prensa decimonónica, la de su configuración como una compleja red de textos de muy diversa naturaleza y la de su poderoso papel como vehículo de ideologías lingüísticas, ya sea al servicio de los débiles en sus acciones reivindicativas (individuales o colectivas), ya sea al lado de los poderosos en la creación de una conciencia colectiva o la coacción y difusión de obligaciones, con el objeto de llevar a cabo una caracterización provisional de algunos de los prototipos ideológicos más singulares que pululan por las páginas de estas publicaciones periódicas, así como evidenciar la vigencia, pertinencia y circulación de las fuentes a las que se aduce y las relaciones que mantienen con las ideas lingüísticas del texto periódico.
La construcción ideológica del español como lengua común a través del columnismo lingüístico en España (siglos XIX y XX)
Authors: Amorós Negre Carla , Baez Damiano Florencia
Published: June 2024

Este trabajo se centra en la función de la prensa y, en concreto, en el columnismo lingüístico como agente clave en la construcción ideológica del español como lengua común en la España de los siglos XIX y XX. El acercamiento glotopolítico permite analizar y vincular la propagación y elaboración de este ideologema coincidiendo con momentos sociohistóricos culturales y políticos clave para la hispanofonía. 
Es bien sabido que la difusión de las ideologías lingüísticas presenta un efecto naturalizador, es decir, estas adquieren una apariencia de inevitabilidad y una objetivación que oculta muchas veces los intereses restringidos de determinados grupos sociales, generalmente hegemónicos. En este sentido, se considera que las columnas sobre la lengua (CSL) son textos idóneos para el análisis metalingüístico, dado que no solo testimonian los debates presentes en diferentes épocas en torno a la lengua española, en el caso particular que nos ocupa, y otras lenguas en contacto, sino que además difunden de manera implícita una postura ideológica sobre la concepción de la lengua y la autoridad lingüística. En estos discursos se plasman las discusiones en torno a los cambios en la lengua, los apoyos, las resistencias y las luchas por los sentidos de las palabras.
Ideología académica en los corpus del siglo XX y la variedad diatópica andaluza
Authors: Fernández Alcaide Marta
Published: June 2024

En este trabajo, a partir de Fernández Alcaide (2021), se planteará la presencia de textos y autores andaluces en los corpus del español realizados por la Real Academia Española en el siglo XX: CORDE y, parcialmente, CREA. Dado que ya se pudo contabilizar y listar el número de textos escritos por autores nacidos en alguna de las ocho provincias de la comunidad autónoma que recogían tales corpus, se quiere ahora examinar los títulos y los temas que constan y las zonas más representadas, en contraste con las ausencias. Todo ello, que originalmente perseguía ubicar ciertos fenómenos sintácticos con tal caracterización diatópica, propósito con evidentes dificultades iniciales por el carácter oral de tal variedad del español, servirá en esta ocasión para valorar qué consideraciones teóricas e ideológicas académicas se detectan en tal proceso, en comparación con la nómina de otras obras anteriores como el Diccionario de Autoridades. Los resultados servirán, en última instancia, para insistir en la necesidad del trabajo cooperativo de incorporación de textos a los corpus para facilitar el estudio empírico de las hablas andaluzas.
Reaksi Pasar Modal Indonesia terhadap Pengumuman Pemindahan Ibu Kota Nusantara pada Saham yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia
Authors: Susilawaty Lilis , Renaldi Vikky , Effieta Yolanda
Published: June 2024

This research aims to analyze differences in abnormal returns throughout the observation period as well as differences in trading volume activity before and after the announcement of the relocation of the Indonesian capital city in 2019. Observations were carried out using a total sample of 46 companies in the infrastructure sector listed on the Indonesian stock exchange in 2019. This research was tested using two methods, namely to test the first hypothesis using a one-sample t-test for samples that were normally distributed and, for samples that were not normally distributed, using a non-parametric test, namely the one-sample Wilcoxon signed rank test. Meanwhile, the second hypothesis uses a paired samples T-test specifically for normally distributed data, while for those that are not normally distributed, the paired samples Wilcoxon signed ranked test will be used. The research results concluded that there were no abnormal returns or differences in trading volume activity throughout the observation period.
Application of the Gagnon and Collay Model in Improving High School Students' Learning Outcomes in Biology Subjects
Authors: Mariesi Anci , Vakili Maryam Zand , Chalabi Khder Niazi Nooraldeen
Published: June 2024

Purpose of the study: This research aims to investigate the effectiveness of applying the Gagnon and Collay Model in improving Biology learning outcomes for class XI students at Public Senior High School 1 Bone-Bone, North Luwu Regency.
Methodology: This research is classroom action research which involves four components in each cycle. The research subjects consisted of 32 students of class XI Science 1 at Public Senior High School 1 Bone-Bone, North Luwu Regency. Data collection is carried out through tests and observation sheets in each cycle. Data analysis methods include qualitative and quantitative descriptive techniques.
Main Findings: From the analysis of student learning outcomes tests in each cycle, it can be observed that the abilities of class XI Science 1 students at Public Senior High School 1 Bone-Bone, North Luwu Regency, have increased. After implementing the Gagnon and Collay Learning Model, the students' average score increased from 63.5 in cycle I to 90.38 in cycle II. This shows an increase in biology learning outcomes after implementing the Gagnon and Collay Learning Model.
Novelty/Originality of this study: This research makes a significant contribution to the educational context by exploring and applying the Gagnon and Collay Model in improving student learning outcomes in Biology subjects. Through this approach, this research seeks to provide innovation in Biology teaching methods, aiming to create a learning environment that is more interactive, creative, and appropriate to the development of class XI Science 1 students.
Think Pair Share Type Cooperative Learning to Improve Chemistry Learning Outcomes on Atomic Structure Material
Authors: Afrida Afrida , Nwanya Franklin , Omar Fouz M.
Published: June 2024

Purpose of the study: The purpose of this research is to improve student learning outcomes in learning atomic structure at Dar El Hikmah Pekanbaru Vocational School by using the think pair share type cooperative learning method. Methodology: The subjects of this research were 24 class X students majoring in Information Technology at Dar El Hikmah Vocational School, Pekanbaru, consisting of female students. In carrying out this classroom action research, there are two types of data collected by researchers, namely quantitative data and qualitative data. This research data collection technique uses tests, observation and interviews. The data analysis technique for this research was analyzed descriptively using the percentage technique of students' absorption of the material per cycle. Main Findings: The results of data analysis show that in general students' absorption of learning material shows an increase, this is based on the evaluation results of 61.7% who have not reached the minimum completeness criteria in cycle I, increasing to 67.54% in cycle II and increasing again to 76.7% in cycle III. The average value of daily test results has also increased. This is shown by the average daily class test results from 60.6, which had not yet reached the minimum completeness criteria score in the previous year, to 73.33 after implementing Think Pair Share type cooperative learning. From the research results it can be concluded that implementing Think Pair Share type cooperative learning can improve student learning outcomes. Novelty/Originality of this study: The novelty of this research is to determine the effectiveness of implementing Think Pair Share type cooperative learning to improve chemistry learning outcomes regarding atomic structure.
Description of Historical Awareness of Class XII Social Sciences Students in High School
Authors: Hikmah Putriyatul
Published: June 2024

Purpose of the study: This research aims to find out which indicators of historical awareness are still low for class XII Social Sciences students and the causes of these low indicators of historical awareness. Methodology: This research is included in descriptive research where data is collected to explain solutions to current problems based on data. The research location is at State High School 1 Pariangan, Pariangan District, Tanah Datar Regency. The objects of this research were 60 students of class XII Social Sciences State High School 1 Pariangan. Data collection was carried out through distributing questionnaires. Data analysis techniques use percentage analysis, frequency distribution, data centering using the mean, median and mode formula, and data variation analysis using the standard deviation formula. Main Findings: Based on the analysis obtained, it shows that in general the picture of historical awareness of class XII Social Sciences students is in the very high category, namely 88.33%. However, not all class XII Social Sciences students meet the very high category. If you look at the percentage of each indicator, students' historical awareness is already high. If you look at the seventeen items, thirteen items are high, there are four items that are not high enough, namely past experience items that are believed to be able to solve the problems faced. Novelty/Originality of this study: This research provides insight into students' historical awareness, shows contributions to the understanding of specific issues at the high school level, and offers directions for further improvements in history learning. Although students' general level of historical awareness is high, there are still areas that need further attention and improvement. This can be a basis for designing interventions or educational programs that focus more on indicators that are still low.
The Relationship between Self-Concept and Self-Confidence in Islamic Religious Education Study Program Students
Authors: Azizi Khoiri , Shittu Sulayman Adeniran , Fawwaz Ahmad Ghiyats
Published: June 2024

Purpose of the study: This research aims to determine the relationship between self-concept and self-confidence of students in the Islamic Religious Education Study Program.
Methodology: The data collection used was a quantitative approach, which was carried out using a questionnaire method which was distributed to 75 respondents. Then to find out the relationship between variables X and Variable Y, use Product Moment.
Main Findings: The results of the research analysis show that there is a positive and significant relationship between self-concept and self-confidence of students in the Islamic Religious Education Study Program, this is proven by the results ro of 0.234 which is consulted with the r table value at a good error level of 1% (0.296) or 5% (0.227) which means ro is greater than or equal to r table.
Novelty/Originality of this study: This study highlights the importance of self-concept in building the self-confidence of Islamic Religious Education students, offering new insights for educators to develop more effective teaching strategies.
Implementation of the Islamic Religious Education Learning Model for Deaf Students: Empirical Study in Salatiga State Special Middle Schools
Authors: Amila Fischa , Ostadmohamadi Javad
Published: June 2024

Purpose of the study: This research aims to find out 1). Implementation of learning models, methods and learning media for islamic religious education for deaf students at Salatiga State Special Middle Schools. 2). Difficulties and solutions made by teachers in implementing the learning model.
Methodology: Research uses qualitative methods based on primary and secondary data sources. Data collection was obtained through observation, structured and unstructured interviews, and documentation. Meanwhile, the data analysis technique involves collecting, reducing, presenting, drawing conclusions, and checking the validity of the data which includes triangulation of data sources and triangulation of methods.
Main Findings: The results of the research concluded that in the implementation (application) of the learning model, especially for deaf students, teachers used more sign language and movements, oral approaches, writing methods, training/practical activities, and the use of visual media. And not all learning models can be implemented perfectly in the teaching and learning process, especially for deaf students. Meanwhile, the methods used are lecture method, practice/exercise, drill, reflective maternal method, insist on writing, bang jo method, maching a card, provide captioning. and the learning media used are lcd, whiteboard, puzzle card, video, and traffic teaching aids. The difficulties faced by teachers in the learning process for deaf students are influenced by teacher and student factors. The expectations of Islamic Religious Education teachers in the future are to prioritize memorizing the practice of ablution and prayer (prioritizing the movements).
Novelty/Originality of this study: The novelty of this research is that it examines the implementation of Islamic religious education learning for deaf students . As well as looking for solutions to the obstacles faced by teachers in teaching Islamic religious education to deaf students.
Empowering Moral Values: The Role of Pencak Silat Tapak Suci in Moral Internalization through Extracurricular Activities
Authors: Damayanti Putri
Published: June 2024

Purpose of the study: This research was conducted with the aim of finding out 1) what moral values are contained in the Pencak Silat extracurricular at Tapak Suci at State Islamic Senior High School 1 Semarang, 2) how the internalization of the moral values contained in the extracurricular Pencak Silat at Tapak Suci at State Islamic Senior High School 1 Semarang.
Methodology: This researcher uses a qualitative field approach using descriptive analysis techniques. Data collection uses interview, observation and documentation methods.
Main Findings: The results of this research are: 1) There are four basic moral values ​​contained in the Tapak Suci pencak silat extracurricular at State Islamic Senior High School 1 Semarang. Namely a) morals towards Allah, b) morals towards fellow humans, c) morals towards the environment and d) morals towards oneself. 2) The stage and process of internalizing moral values in the Tapak Suci pencak silat extracurricular is through three stages, namely a). Introduction and understanding, b) Acceptance stage, c) Internalization stage. Internalizing these moral values aims to bring about changes in the moral values of students.
Novelty/Originality of this study: Novelty from study This that is study about values morals that can be taken from extracurricular pencak martial arts footprint holy. With study This can conserve culture so No faded by the times.
Effects of Effluent on Cultivated Soil Properties in Kedjoum Ketinguh, Northwest Region of Cameroon
Authors: Alakeh Mofor Nelson , Adeline Tangoh Frinde , Kenneth Mbene , Alongifor Fai Joel , Tamungang Njoyim Estella Buleng
Published: June 2024

This study assessed the physicochemical and heavy metal properties of cultivated soils contaminated by effluent and uncontaminated soils in Mphiewen-Kedjoum Ketinguh, Northwest region of Cameroon, in the rainy and dry seasons respectively. In addition, the physicochemical and heavy metals properties of effluent from Mphiewen, responsible for contamination of Mphiewen soil were assessed. We hypothesized that heavy metals from the effluent affected the cultivated soil and plants grown on it. All analyses were carried out on the soil and effluent samples using standard analytical methods. The results revealed that, the soil samples had pH values ranging from 5.9 to 6.0. The effluent sample had pH value of 5.9 and 6.9 in rainy and dry seasons respectively. The organic matter levels in the soils were high and ranged from 5.0-8.92% in both seasons. Total nitrogen content in all the soils were low (N < 1%) and ranged from 0.1 to 0.3%. C/N ratios were high (ranging from 15 to 17), indicating that the organic matter was inadequately mineralized. Heavy metals analysis showed that the cultivated soil was contaminated by cadmium with total concentration of 3.7 mg/kg in the dry season, and chromium with total concentrations of 100.05 and 105.49 mg/kg in rainy and dry seasons respectively. Pearson correlation between some physicochemical properties of the contaminated soil and effluent physicochemical properties were all unity (r = 1.000; p < 0.01). This indicated that the effluent from the dumpsite was the main source of contaminant in the cultivated soil receiving the effluent. The problem of Cd and Cr toxicity in the contaminated soil can be solved by using various methods based on physical, chemical, and biological processes such as chemical precipitation, membrane separation, ion exchange, electrodialysis, phytoremediation, and surface adsorption
Distribution, Diversity and Role of the Trees outside Forest in the Mount Kenya East Region
Authors: Mwenda Nyaga David , Lukhoba Catherine , Ouma Gilbert
Published: June 2024

Globally, Trees outside the Forests (TOF) are essential for providing a range of ecosystem services, which lessens the demand placed on protected forests. However, the majority of native tree species outside the forests are in danger of destruction because of the effects of climate change and the increased human population in the Sahel Africa. One of the ecosystems with TOF that has experienced extensive changes due to anthropogenic disturbance is Mount Kenya East Region. The objectives of this study were to establish: The diversity and distribution of native TOF, the drivers of change in TOF cover and the role of TOF in supporting the local livelihoods. This study used a mixed technique approach that included questionnaires, interviews, PGIS, and ecological surveys. SPSS was used to analyse the data. A total of 2145 individual trees distributed in 102 species were identified in the study area with 36% of the individuals being native while 64% were exotic. Additionally, 16 of the native tree species including Pachystela brevipes, Carissa spinarum L., Faurea saligna, Delonix electa and Vitex doneana among others, previously known to the area, had disappeared, resulting in a broad loss of ecosystem functions. Across the altitudinal gradient, the perceptions of the respondents on the loss of ecosystem services were variable. Herbicide use on farms, industrial firewood, agricultural diversification, and shifting cultural values were cited as the primary causes of the change in TOF cover in the study area. The surviving native TOF were found in public institutions, road reserves, riverine and protected places and on farms. In conclusion, there is an urgent need to continually protect the remnants of indigenous TOF because the region will lose some ecosystem services exclusively obtained from native species if the business as usual is continued
Nanosensors: Unveiling the Invisible-Advancement in Drug Detection
Authors: Nikrita  , Bikash Medhi
Published: June 2024

Introduction 
Nanotechnology represents the designing, synthesis, characterization, and application of materials and devices whose size ranges in nanoscale is 1-100nm1. Which can be defined by the term, technology on the nanoscale. With the change in structure and size nanoscale material possesses distinct enhanced physiochemical properties due to dramatic changes from the bulk material to reduced material of size below 100nm2. Nanotechnology applications were first observed in Lycurgus glass and Medieval church windows which changed color in different lighting conditions due to nanoparticles with size ranges from 50-100nm. However, laureate Richard Feynman, an American physicist is considered the father of nanotechnology3. The nanoscale development has various importance involving possessing a high surface area which makes it suitable for drug delivery and other applications, it possesses numerous microscopic and macroscopic properties, and they form the combination of material science with biology, other than all the mentioned importance of nanotechnology the macroscopic materials made up of the nanoscale material possess high density which makes the nanomaterial batter conductor4. Different methods have been adopted to synthesize nanomaterials such as Top-Down Approach, Bottom-Up Approach, and Hybrid Approach3-5.
A Comparitive Study of Physical Activity, Academic Performance and Stress Level Among Pharmacy and Non-Pharmacy Students - Before, During and After Covid19 Lockdown
Authors: K C ARULPRAKASAM , C.J. Glady Gloria Grant , V.SUDHARSAN  , M HELENNA  , T MUNEER  , NISSY ESTHER JOHN
Published: June 2024

Aims and Objectives: To compare the impact of COVID19 lockdown on physical activity, academic performance and stress levels among Pharmacy and Non-Pharmacy students in 3 timeframes- before, during and after lockdown. 
Methods: This is a Cross-sectional retrospective study conducted for a period of 6 months. The data was collected both online and offline. All college going students who had attended regular offline classes before lockdown were included. A total of 880 students were included in the study. A self-prepared questionnaire was used to collect data. The association was calculated using Chi-square test and p-value of less than or equal to 0.05 was fixed as level of significance. 
Results: Analysing the data from 880 students, we found that while non-pharmacy students exercise regularly (67% vs 55.7%), they also spend more time (>8 hours/day) using electronic gadgets (62.9% vs 51.8%). Sleep duration was less, 4-6 hours/day for all students after lockdown (80%), due to sudden overload of class work. Both groups reported difficulty in online learning due to network issues, unfamiliarity with online classes, difficulty in notes taking and unavailability of book resources. Stress levels were high for all, but pharmacy students showed higher anxiety about academics and future careers, while non-pharmacy students reported greater stress in interpersonal relationships. 
Conclusion: We thus conclude that Pharmacy students might benefit from targeted workshops on exam anxiety and future career planning, while Non-Pharmacy students might benefit from support groups or workshops on building positive interpersonal relationships. Both categories of students may benefit from counseling regarding time management, effective phone usage and the importance of 7-8 hours sleep at night.
Assessment of Health-Related Quality of Life of Epileptic Patients within the Indian Population at a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital
Authors: Hegde Megha , Raj Saurav , Harigal Anupama , Nyamagoud Sanatkumar B , Swamy Agadi Hiremath Viswanath
Published: June 2024

Background: Epilepsy is one of the most limiting chronic disorders. There is a notable social stigma attached to epilepsy and is often associated with a decline in the overall quality of life of affected patients. It is crucial to identify and manage factors that affect the health-related quality of life of an epileptic patient and plan therapy to improve the same. 
Aim: The study aimed to evaluate the health-related quality of life in individuals with epilepsy and examine the various factors influencing the same. 
Materials and Methods: A prospective cross-sectional study was conducted in the general medicine wards of a tertiary care teaching hospital for six months. A total of 111 epileptic inpatients of both genders, above 18 years of age were included in the study. SF-36 questionnaire was used to assess the quality of life of the patients. 
Results: The study found that multiple detrimental factors affect the quality of life of epileptic patients such as age, gender, marital and employment status, presence of comorbidities, seizure frequency, alcohol intake and duration of alcohol intake. 
Conclusion: Management of epilepsy concerning these key factors is just as essential as lowering the stigma surrounding the disease in India.
Formulation and Evaluation of Nanosuspension of Mebendazole for Solubility Enhancement by High Pressure Homogenization Technique
Authors: Patil Abhijit , Yadav Gangotri , Rane Bhushan , Jain Ashish , Tambvekar Omkar
Published: June 2024

Background: Developing and evaluating a drug taken by mouth delivery method with mebendazole nanosuspension to treat intestinal worms infestations are the main objectives of the current research effort. This is because drug particles in the nano range help to reduce particle size and enhance dissolution.
Methods: By using High pressure homogenization method, the mebendazole is converted into nanosuspension. Various amounts of HPMC K4M used as a stabilizer and Tween 80 and Poloxamer 188 used as a surfactant and compare its ratios. The results were investigated using effectiveness of drug entrapment, saturation solubility, zeta potential, particle size, drug release study and stability testing.
Result: The drug purification results are shown by knowing the FT-IR spectrum. With a good entrapment efficiency and saturated solubility, optimized batches are found and the use of transmission electron microscopy confirms the nano size particle formed. The mebendazole nanosuspension showed higher release in the target site within 12 hours, according to an in-vitro dissolution experiment. Using the oral route for administration of the mebendazole nanosuspension, it increases the drugs absorption along with complete drug releasing.
Conclusion: The study indicates that the prepared mebendazole nanosuspension has increased the rate of dissolution and solubility by converting nano range particles and encouraging the use of BCS class Ⅱ drugs with acceptable stability.