bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The reintroduced Dinaric lynx population dynamics in PVA simulation
Authors: Potočnik Hubert , Skrbinšek Tomaž , Kos Ivan
Published: August 2023

In the study, we modelled population dynamics of the reintroduced Dinaric lynx population. We used data obtained by monitoring to estimate population dynamics–spatial expansion, abundance estimates, and mortalities–since the reintroduction in 1973 and up to the present day, and then looked for demographic and habitat parameters that would provide the best fit of a lynx population model to this data. We tried to evaluate the importance of these parameters for future population dynamics and viability (PVA) of this lynx population. We constructed a number of 100-year simulations using a range of demographic parameters, different prey availabilities and simulating other potential human related factors that might affect the lynx population. We found that there introduced lynx population must have had high fecundity rates with more than1.6 kittens survived per female and per litter to reach abundances over 100 individuals despite the high human related mortality. The elasticity analysis revealed that adult survival is by far the most important demographic parameter for the lynx population dynamics. PVA highlighted two important factors that had a major impact on population growth dynamics and related risk of population extinction: changes in  the survival rates of subadult and adult individuals and, especially, the quality of habitat with regard to prey availability. Survival rates of subadult and adult lynx are directly influenced by human activities, mainly manifested through illegal shooting, and are difficult to control. Quite opposite to that, the quality of habitat with regard to prey availability can be directly influenced through management. Since habitat quality can have a significant role for the lynx population dynamic and viability, even in presence of minor, difficult to control changes in survival rates of subadults and adults, adequate prey species management might be one of the most important short-term conservation priorities
Seizing the World: From Concepts to Reality
Authors: Hommen David
Published: August 2023

In this essay, I shall defend a transcendental argument for epistemological realism: the view that mind-independent yet cognitively accessible entities exist. The proposed argument reasons from the fact that we are conceptual creatures to the existence of a knowable outer world as a condition of the possibility of such creatures. I first lay down my general approach to concepts and conceptualization, according to which concepts are rules that agents follow in their cognitive activities. I go on to explicate the peculiar normative nature of rules and rule-following, from which I extract, following Wittgensteinian considerations, an intractable problem for any idealist account of concept possession. I argue that the very possibility of conceptualizing requires the existence of external objects that enable the cognizer to regulate their use of concepts, and close with some remarks on the resultant nature and scope of metaphysical knowledge.
Branching with a Humean Face
Authors: Wroński Leszek
Published: August 2023

This paper investigates the prospects of developing a branching modal framework while keeping with the spirit of Humean Supervenience. It is argued that such an approach is bound to face hard problems regarding haecceitism and the notion of recombination. Possible directions for future philosophical developments of branching frameworks are suggested.
A novel 3D woven carbon fiber composite with super interlayer performance hybridized by CNT tape and copper wire simultaneously
Authors: Zhu Yu , Che Zhe , Du Youpei , Hou Peiyu , Zhang Lijun , Wang Junpeng , Zhang Tao , Dai Zhen , Hong Yiqiang , Han Weijian
Published: August 2023

In this work, a novel binary hybrid woven carbon nanotube (CNT) tape/copper wire carbon fiber reinforced epoxy resin composite is prepared. The mode I interlaminar fracture toughness (G
IC) is employed to critically evaluate the delamination performance. A comparison of the G
IC value with that of the carbon fiber reinforced composite confirms that incorporating CNT tapes and copper wires into the composite increases the value by 263%. In the transverse and through-thickness direction, the conductivity of the laminate increases to 458 and 193 S/m, which is increased by 196 and 675%, respectively. The thermal conductivity along the thickness direction is increased to 2.27 W/m K, an increase of 134%. The volume fraction of CNT tapes and copper wire are as low as approximately 0.87 and 0.47 vol%, respectively. 3D woven composites have potential applications in high-performance structures and lightning striking protection such as aircraft, ships, and engines, which benefits by the innovative through-thickness implantation of composites using CNT tape and copper wire.
Assessment of performance degradation of a mixed flow low bypass turbofan engine through GasTurb simulation
Authors: Rath Narahari , R. K. Mishra , Kushari Abhijit
Published: August 2023

Aero engine performance analysis is very important for engines under development as well as for engines in service for condition monitoring. Predictions of aero engine performance and ability of building the simulation model is an invaluable asset for designers, manufacturer and end-use operator. This paper presents the methodology in establishing the baseline performance of a twin spool mixed flow low bypass turbofan engine through extensive testing at engine test bench. The baseline data is used to validate a GasTurb model which is subsequently used for assessment of off-design performance and component degradation responsible for performance deterioration at various service hours. The estimated exhaust gas temperatures by the model for degraded engines are in good agreement with the measured data. The model further assesses the drop in HP compressor efficiency and shift in operating line which will be very useful for taking judicious decision for withdrawal of engines and is expected to reduce or delay withdrawals and increase the availability of engines at operating base.
Investigation of alkali halide crystals AX (A = Li, Na, K; X = F, Cl, Br) by elastic, mechanical and ultrasonic analysis
Authors: Singh Anurag , Singh Devraj
Published: August 2023

The ultrasonic attenuation studies of alkali halides single crystal AX (A = Li, Na, K and X = F, Cl, Br) have been investigated along <100>, <110> and <111> directions at room temperature. For this investigation, a most appropriate potential model for studying physical studies of rock-salt type alkali halides, the Coulomb and Born–Mayer model has been used to evaluate higher order elastic constants. The second order elastic constants are used to compute the mechanical properties and ultrasonic velocities of the chosen materials. Additionally, the thermal properties have also been evaluated along different orientations. Thermoelastic loss is very small in comparison to the attenuation due to phonon-phonon interaction mechanism at room temperature. The achieved results of AX have been discussed and compared with available experimental and theoretical results.
Alignment of Ending the HIV Epidemic Priority Jurisdictions With Availability of HIV Service Organizations: An Ecological Study
Authors: Webster Jessica L. , Rafalko Nicole , Thorpe Lorna E. , Duncan Dustin T. , Gracely Ed J. , Goldstein Neal D.
Published: August 2023

We sought to describe and quantify the association between HIV service organization availability, HIV burden, and HIV awareness and prevention in the 57 priority jurisdictions selected as part of the U.S. Ending the HIV Epidemic initiative. On average, jurisdictions with more per capita organizations had more people living with HIV, more individuals aware of their positive status, and more individuals prescribed PrEP (b = 0.3; 95% CI [0.2, 0.5] for each additional case per 1,000 people in the first metric, and b = 0.3; 95% CI [0.2, 0.4] and b = 0.1; 95% CI [< 0.1, 0.1], respectively, for each percentage point change in the second two metrics), accounting for jurisdiction size. Several jurisdictions were outliers in the modeled associations and may reflect comparatively better, or worse, performance than similar jurisdictions. This information can assist in evaluating resource allocation and determining whether availability translates to accessibility.
Nós falamos do Bruno: a concepção da exposição virtual “percursos remotos, tradição e memória nas fábricas de doce em conserva de pelotas-rs” sob a luz da Teoria Ator-rede.
Authors: Cruz Matheus , Heiden Roberto
Published: August 2023

Diante da emergência sanitária e a necessidade de isolamento social causadas pela disseminação do Coronavírus os museus foram fechados. Esse cenário foi o vetor de angústias e incertezas para as equipes dessas instituições, não só pelo medo causado por um patógeno desconhecido, mas também suscitava questões acerca da preservação dos acervos sob a guarda dos museus e os impactos negativos do afastamento abrupto do público. Sendo assim as equipes começaram a trabalhar com alternativas no intuito de responder essas questões. Logo, este ensaio procura refletir acerca dessas alternativas, através do relato da concepção da exposição virtual “Percursos Remotos, tradição e memórias nas fábricas de doces em conserva em Pelotas – RS”, a qual trata da cultura material relativa ao parque agroindustrial da atividade de frutas em conserva na região. Para isso, utilizou-se como fio condutor da análise parte do arcabouço teórico metodológico da Teoria Ator-rede (TAR).
A engenhosidade da colonização teuto-brasileira através dos bens culturais do Museu Pró-Memória de Ivoti / RS
Authors: Führ Jean Jeison , Gasparetto Quésia Katúscia , Brum Cristiano Enrique
Published: August 2023

Resumo: A preservação de artefatos ferramentais históricos, utilizados pela humanidade para transformação da natureza e obtenção dos meios de subsistência, sempre permeou os espaços museológicos para representação da memória dos períodos passados. O objetivo do presente artigo, é apresentar o relato da iniciativa de preservação da engenhosidade tecnológica presente entre os colonos teuto-brasileiros, através do Museu Pró-Memória, recentemente (re)constituído junto ao Núcleo de Casas Enxaimel do Município de Ivoti/RS. O suporte memorial e participativo de membros da comunidade ivotiense, possibilitou aos pesquisadores envolvidos, constituírem uma catalogação inventariada de artefatos agrícolas que serviam para o beneficiamento de cereais, raízes e carnes; utilizados nas práticas alimentares dos primeiros residentes da região. A iniciativa apresentada neste artigo, evidencia a importância de preservar acervos protoindustriais, usados para beneficiamento de alimentos, bem como as vantagens de desenvolvimento turístico e social que são possíveis de se agregar em determinadas localidades, através de políticas de ação e gestão museológica.
O que é comer bem? A visão de pessoas em situação de vulnerabilidade no município de Ponta Grossa (PR)
Authors: Silva Hellen Vitória , Jaronski Priscilla Garbelini , Medeiros Mirna de Lima , Raiher Augusta Pelinski
Published: August 2023

A alimentação é um fenômeno social, econômico, antropológico e cultural. Portanto, o entendimento do que é “comer bem” altera-se segundo a época, espaço geográfico, faixa etária, classe social, saúde e qualidade de vida do respondente. Tencionando abranger diferentes níveis de segurança alimentar (SA) nesta questão, buscou-se compreender o que significa “comer bem” para indivíduos em situação de vulnerabilidade no município de Ponta Grossa/PR, especialmente os assistidos pelo CRAS com benefício eventual de auxílio-alimentação. A construção do artigo baseou-se na revisão bibliográfica, aplicação de questionário à 302 famílias sobre aspectos socioeconômicos e alimentares. Demonstrou-se que a vulnerabilidade direciona o entendimento do que é “comer bem” ao simples ato de ingerir alimentos, deixando questões cu
Valorização dos queijos artesanais brasileiros: Aplicabilidade de três sinais distintivos de qualidade para o queijo coalho a partir da visão de especialistas.
Authors: Martinelli Lucas , Dos Anjos Flávio Sacco
Published: August 2023

Diante do cenário contemporâneo alimentar, a valorização das produções tradicionais e artesanais se torna objeto de análise para diferentes sinais distintivos de qualidade. O estudo do caso do queijo coalho artesanal, envolto neste contexto, expõe a necessidade de uma maior atenção por parte das instituições e da sociedade civil para uma questão fundamental: a manutenção dos saberes e fazeres tradicionais geracionalmente compartilhados. No Brasil, entre os dispositivos destinados a valorização e salvaguarda de artigos alimentares, os que melhor se relacionam às produções queijeiras artesanais, são três:  a patrimonialização cultural imaterial, as indicações geográficas e o selo Arte. Buscando entender seus possíveis cruzamentos com o queijo coalho artesanal, a captação de relatos de especialistas sobre essas matérias se demonstrou de extrema importância para visualizar possíveis caminhos a serem traçados para o futuro deste artigo alimentar brasileiro. Desta maneira, empregando uma revisão de literatura sobre temas fundamentais e a captação de dados primários a partir da aplicação de análise de conteúdo ao material resultante de oito entrevistas qualitativas de roteiro semiestruturado, se tornou possível expandir as noções da aplicabilidade destes três sinais distintivos de qualidade ao caso do queijo coalho artesanal da região nordeste do Brasil. Ademais, se conclui que todos os três dispositivos, apesar de suas especificidades, detêm potenciais para a salvaguarda dos produtores, produtos e produções deste alimento, bem como se tornou possível visualizar possíveis limites para um futuro registro do coalho artesanal.
Narrativas orais entre a mexedura e o borbulhar do doce no tacho: histórias ocultas, um relato de experiência.
Authors: Belmonte Giane Trovo , Halmenschlager Wagner , Michelon Francisca Ferreira
Published: August 2023

Este artigo trata-se de uma reflexão conjunta e sucinta, a partir de um relato de experiência de um dos pesquisadores, em uma propriedade rural, onde é analisado a partir de autores como Thompson (2006) e Portelli (2010), aspectos sobre a oralidade que são de caráter fundamental e significativo na evolução, publicação e publicização de informações. No decorrer, é apresentado um breve resumo de Morro Redondo e a sua relação com os autores. As vias que foram percorridas conduzem a utilizar a oralidade e o testemunho oral como método qualitativo para este artigo. De uma forma objetiva e característica, pontua-se alguns relatos de histórias de vida narrados pelas mulheres, destacando a importância do direito de fala, da identidade e da relevância e riqueza da oralidade como fonte histórica.
Contribuições da imprensa para a preservação da memória e visibilidade da comida da região de Guaratiba-RJ.
Authors: Merabet Lara Passamani
Published: August 2023

Os registros da vida cotidiana em veículos de imprensa despontam como uma relevante forma de manutenção da memória social. Por meio destes registros, é possível identificar códigos culturais, inclusive os relacionados às práticas alimentares, possibilitando o acesso a mediações sociais e simbólicas em diferentes épocas de uma sociedade. Este artigo buscou apontar e analisar as contribuições que o jornal O Globo produziu para a visibilidade e para a preservação da memória da comida à base de frutos do mar oferecida pelos restaurantes da região de Guaratiba-RJ, compreendendo o período de 1970 até 2020. Os resultados mostraram que, a produção dos conteúdos alcançou maior intensidade, entre 1990 e 2009, e que para além de receitas culinárias, continham aspectos relacionados à cultura, ao lazer, a breves biografias do território e de pessoas, demonstrando contribuir tanto para a preservação da memória quanto para a visibilidade da comida e do lugar.
Os vinhos de altura em Salta, Argentina: um estudo sobre as bodegas Colomé e Domigo Hermanos
Authors: Huebra Liliana Jimena Farfán , Gastal Susana de Araujo
Published: August 2023

Os vinhos e, em decorrência o enoturismo, apresentaram expansão em décadas recentes, em termos de produção e consumo. A produção destaca o terroir em termos de solo, clima e castas, além da tradição suposta nas formas de cultivo e vinificação, todos esses itens agregados ao marketing das vinícolas. O presente artigo tem por objetivo apresentar os vinhos de altura, a partir de sua presença na província argentina de Salta, considerando duas vinícolas que integram a roteirização enoturística Ruta del Vino. Por vinhos de altura entendem-se aqueles cujas videiras encontram-se situada a mais de 1.500 metros, o que contribui para composição do seu terroir e caracterização histórica cultural identitária, lidas como tradição. A metodologia, qualitativa-exploratória, apoia-se em revisão bibliográfica a partir dos termos ,  e ; pesquisa documental a partir de sites oficiais disponibilizados on-line por órgão público federal e provincial, e de páginas oficiais das vinícolas analisadas. O levantamento de dados leva a resultados que encaminham o entendimento de que memórias e seus correlatos tradição e tradições inventadas, radicadas em bens materiais ou imateriais decorrentes da presença de técnicas de produção consolidadas no território, são insumos essenciais para formatação de produtos enoturísticos, considerando os vinhos de altura.
Museologia de memórias traumáticas: a experiência brasileira e as memórias da ditadura
Authors: Brito Ana Paula , Julião Letícia
Published: August 2023

A preservação das memórias traumáticas da ditadura civil-militar no Brasil (1964-1985) tem suas primeiras ações ainda durante o período repressivo, com mobilizações de preservação de documentos, como o projeto Brasil Nunca Mais. Mas foi na democracia que as iniciativas de memorialização e patrimonialização ocuparam as vias públicas e foram paulatinamente sendo ressignificadas. Nesse processo, observa-se uma demanda crescente da contribuição da Museologia brasileira em benefício da ampliação do uso do passado dessas memórias traumáticas no presente. Sob esse prisma, a partir da análise da produção do conhecimento acadêmico brasileiro elaborado no campo da Museologia e de áreas congêneres, entre os anos 2014 e 2020, e de um mapeamento dos sítios de Memória e Consciência no Brasil dedicados à Ditadura, propõe-se a discussão sobre uma nova vertente de estudos museológicos: a Museologia de memórias traumáticas.
Ecos de um colonialismo em chamas: a iconoclastia antirracista em disputa pela memória
Authors: Alves Nathan dos Santos
Published: August 2023

Buscamos apresentar uma reflexão acerca da iconoclastia antirracista das consequências trazidas pelo ativismo para os estudos e práticas patrimoniais. Situamos a discussão numa dimensão iconográfica. O título deste artigo traz por um lado a referência ao incêndio da figura colonial brasileira Borba Gato, ao mesmo tempo que evoca as discussões de Georges Didi-Huberman sobre as imagens que queimam, rasgam e nos afetam profundamente. Temos também o eco, enquanto parte das memórias dentro das imagens, e igualmente como metáfora para os limites deste movimento social. Acreditamos e argumentamos a fim de demonstrar que se trata de uma tomada do patrimônio pela sociedade cível, sua reação às imagens violentas do genocídio e da colonização, mais que a queima de uma materialidade, trata-se de despertar no povo o que Frantz Fanon chamou de dite de combat,que nos faz ver a história colonial mais claramente pondo-a em chamas.
O tempo como mecanismo da colonialidade: uma análise crítica do direito de consulta prévia, da justiça de transição e da tese do marco temporal à luz da temporalidade indígena
Authors: DINO Natália Albuquerque , PANKARARU Maíra , FURTADO Larissa Carvalho
Published: August 2023

Este ensaio analisa como o uso do tempo tem sido um mecanismo de violação dos direitos dos povos indígenas, desde a colonização até os dias atuais. Destaca a diferença na concepção de tempo entre os indígenas, que o veem como cíclico e interconectado com a ancestralidade e a natureza, e a compreensão ocidental linear do tempo, influenciada pelo pensamento grego e por Santo Agostinho. O eurocentrismo e o colonialismo estabeleceram a ideia de uma temporalidade única, progressista e eurocêntrica, posteriormente relativizada por Einstein. A colonialidade persiste ao desrespeitar as temporalidades indígenas nos dias de hoje, como nos projetos de infraestrutura, na consulta prévia, no reconhecimento de direitos territoriais, na justiça de transição e na reparação por violações passadas. Por fim, o julgamento da tese do marco temporal pelo Supremo Tribunal Federal também é abordado como um exemplo do uso do tempo para negar os direitos indígenas.
High Diversity of Tick-associated Microbiota from Five Tick Species in Yunnan, China
Authors: Zhang Jie , Ni Xue-Bing , Chen Zi-Yun , Zhang Yun , Wei Ran , Gong Zheng-Da , Zhu Dai-Yun , Cui Xiao-Ming , Shao Zong-Ti , Liu Hong-Bo , Li Yu-Qiong , Wang Jian , Gao Zi-Hou , Duan Xing-De , Jiang Hang , Jiang Jia-Fu , Lam Tommy Tsan-Yuk , Huang En-Jiong , Jia Na , Du Chun-Hong
Published: August 2023

Objective:

Ticks are obligate blood-sucking vectors for multiple zoonotic diseases. In this study, tick samples were collected from Yunnan Province, China, which is well-known as the “Global Biodiversity Hotspot” in the world. This study aimed to clarify the microbial populations, including pathogens, associated with ticks and to identify the diversity of tick-borne microbiota in this region.

Methods:

The 16S rRNA full-length sequencing from pooled tick DNA samples and PCR amplification of pathogenic genera from individual samples were performed to understand tick-associated microbiota in this region.

Results:

A total of 191 adult ticks of 5 tick species were included and revealed 11 phyla and 126 genera bacteria, including pathogenic Anaplasma, Ehrlichia, Candidatus Neoehrlichia, Rickettsia, Borrelia, and Babesia. Further identification suggested that Rickettsia sp. YN01 was a variant strain of Rickettsia spp. IG-1, but Rickettsia sp. YN02 and Rickettsia sp. YN03, were potentially two new SFGR species.

Conclusions:

This study revealed the complexity of ecological interactions between host and microbe and provided insight for the biological control of ticks. A high microbial diversity in ticks from Yunnan was identified, and more investigation should be undertaken to elucidate the pathogenicity in the area.
Early Treatment of Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children
Authors: Jonat Brian , Geneslaw Andrew S. , Capone Christine A. , Shah Sareen , Bartucca Lisa , Sewell Taylor B. , Acker Karen P. , Mitchell Elizabeth , Cheung Eva W.
Published: August 2023

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES

Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) is a severe hyperinflammatory illness occurring after severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection. The optimal treatment of MIS-C is unknown, although prior studies have indicated benefits of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) and glucocorticoids. We hypothesize that early treatment with glucocorticoids is associated with shorter hospital length of stay (LOS).

METHODS

This study is a multicenter retrospective cohort study of patients hospitalized with MIS-C over a roughly 1-year period. The primary outcome was hospital LOS comparing subjects who received glucocorticoids within 48 hours of arrival to the treating hospital to those who did not. Secondary outcomes included ICU LOS. Unadjusted and adjusted analyses were performed.

RESULTS

The final analysis included 131 subjects. Subjects who received early glucocorticoids were more likely to receive early IVIG and to require ICU admission. Early glucocorticoid administration was associated with shorter ICU LOS (4 vs 9 days, P = .004) in the unadjusted analysis. In the adjusted analysis, early glucocorticoid administration and early IVIG administration were both independently associated with shorter hospital LOS (incidence rate ratio 0.75, P = .025; incidence rate ratio 0.56, P = .026, respectively).

CONCLUSIONS

Glucocorticoids and intravenous immunoglobulin were independently associated with shorter hospital length of stay when given early in hospitalization to MIS-C patients after accounting for potential confounding factors. The optimal dose and duration of treatment require further investigation, but this study supports early combination therapy with both IVIG and glucocorticoids for all children hospitalized with MIS-C.
In the prime of life: ERP evidence for syntactic comprehension priming in older adults
Authors: Van Boxtel Willem S. , Lawyer Laurel A.
Published: August 2023

Background: Recent studies suggest older adults’ implicit learning of syntactic patterns remains largely intact. Syntactic priming has proven to be a sensitive tool to examine this implicit sensitivity. However, most priming studies with older adults have focused on production, and none have included an electrophysiological component. This study explores the neural correlates of syntactic priming in older adults’ comprehension. Method: We used a self-paced reading and event-related potential paradigm with groups of older and younger adults. Reduced Relative targets were primed, unprimed, or lexically boosted, while reading times and EEG recordings were obtained. Pre-tests of Working Memory and Processing Speed were also recorded. Results: Older adults showed intact priming and lexical boost on reading times, while lexical facilitation was dependent on syntactic overlap in the older but not the younger group. Syntactic priming was evident on N400 and P600 modulations on verbs and nouns in Reduced Relatives, and generally did not differ by age group. This suggests older and younger adults are equally susceptible to syntactic facilitation, and makes the case for more non-declarative, electrophysiological measurements of older adults’ sentence processing ability in future studies.
Armed conflict, peace, and occupational therapy in Colombia: paths and challenges
Authors: Duarte Cuervo Clara
Published: August 2023

Abstract Colombia experiences a long-running armed conflict, with more than nine million registered victims and profound damage to people, communities, and society. The article covers three topics. First, a brief contextualization of the Colombian armed conflict and some of its impacts. Secondly, based on documentary sources, it attempts to trace how Colombian occupational therapy has approached the armed conflict. It identifies three stages: prudent indifference, slow awakening, and recognition of ethical-political responsibility. Finally, it presents some challenges for the professional contribution to peacebuilding in Colombia, such as expanding and strengthening the profession to reach the territories most affected by the conflict, improving occupational therapists’ training and practice to respond to the complexity of the country's situation, and reflecting on the objectives and ethical implications of professional actions for the victims, ex-combatants or communities affected by the conflict.
INFLUENCE MECHANISM OF STAGNATION-POINT FLOW ON LIQUID-PHASE SPRAY PENETRATION LENGTH UNDER ENGINE-LIKE CONDITIONS
Authors: Wang Dongfang , Yang Ziming , Li Yikai , Cai Chang , Shi Zhongjie
Published: August 2023

Formulation of liquid-phase spray penetration length (LPL) is one of the basic research works of direct injection (DI) engines. To predict the spray evolution and LPL in the limited space more accurately, the diffused background-illumination extinction imaging (DBI) technology and highspeed schlieren method were employed to detect the liquid- and vapor-phase spray development in a constant volume combustion chamber (CVCC). The experimental results show that the LPL of the impinging spray is significantly smaller than that of the free spray when the LPL is close to the impinging distance. When the LPL is much smaller than the impinging distance, the LPL of
impinging spray is the same as that of free spray. Furthermore, based on the CFD simulation and the stagnation-point flow theory, the spatial distribution of velocity, pressure, and density at the near-wall surface was analyzed in detail. Due to part of the spray kinetic energy was converted into potential energy, creating a sharp increase in pressure and density near the stagnation point, which suppressed the movement of fuel droplets, resulting in a significantly smaller LPL. Moreover,
a novel LPL prediction model is introduced, which considering the inhibiting effect of wall on spray penetration and demonstrates enhanced predictive capability of experimental results.
Protein Rembesan Sel Stem Pulpa Gigi Susu Manusia (SHED) semasa Pembezaan kepada Sel Osteoblas
Authors: Zainal Ariffin Shahrul Hisham , Megat Abdul Wahab Rohaya , Manogaran Thanaletchumi , Yazid Farinawati , Zahari Siti Nur Zahidah , Rus Din Rus Dina , Zainol Abidin Intan Zarina
Published: August 2023

Analisis protein rembesan adalah penting untuk mengenal pasti penglibatan protein di dalam sistem biologi seperti mengenal pasti fungsi dan interaksi protein serta tapak jalan yang terlibat semasa pembezaan sel stem. Kajian ini dilakukan untuk mengenal pasti protein rembesan dan tapak jalan dalam pembezaan osteoblas melalui perubahan keamatan pengekspresan protein rembesan hasil aruhan asid askorbik terhadap sel stem pulpa gigi susu (SHED). SHED dirawat dengan 10 µg/mL asid askorbik selama 7 dan 21 hari dan pengekpresan gen ditentukan melalui transkripsi berbalik-tindak balas rantaian polimerase (RT-PCR) menunjukkan pengekspresanGAPDH (gen endogenous dan kawalan), diikuti dengan pengekspresan gen COL1 dan BSP (penanda osteoblas). SHED (hari ke 7 dan 21) dieram dalam medium tanpa serum selama 12 jam sebelum medium dianalisis menggunakan kromatografi cecair-spektrometri jisim/spektrometri jisim (LC-MS/MS). Protein yang sama diekspreskan dalam kawalan (positif dan negatif) serta asid askorbik seterusnya ditentukan proses biologi dan sekretom berkaitan osteoblas serta mempunyai perubahan keamatan pengekspresan melalui UniProt dan PANTHER. Hubung kait antara protein-protein rembesan ini bagi mengenal pasti tapak jalan pembezaan osteoblas ditentukan melalui STRING. Sebanyak 57 protein yang sama diekspreskan semasa aruhan asid askorbik dan kawalan dengan empat protein rembesan berkaitan dengan osteoblas didapati mengalami perubahan keamatan pengekspresan. Bagi hubung kait antara protein pula hanya tiga dari empat protein rembesan iaitu gelsolin (GSN), kolagenase jenis IV 72 kDa (MMP2) dan homolog peroksidasin (PXDN) dikenal pasti terlibat dalam tiga tapak jalan. Kesimpulannya, tiga jenis protein rembesan yang melibatkan tiga tapak jalan berpotensi sebagai penanda protein rembesan semasa pembezaan SHED kepada osteoblas.
A Systematic Review of the Clinical Effectiveness of Aloe Vera for the Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Wounds
Authors: Idrus Ahmad Nur Afieq , Rehman Khurram , Zulfakar Mohd Hanif
Published: August 2023

Aloe vera is an herbaceous and perennial plant that belongs to Liliaceae family and used for many medicinal purposes. Aloe vera have been associated with the treatment of skin burns and postoperative wound healing but not many clinical studies have been conducted to evaluate its effectiveness against chronic wounds such as pressure injury. The present study aimed to systematically review clinical trials investigating the effect of Aloe vera on the prevention and healing of chronic wounds. To identify all related published studies, Science Direct, Google Scholar, PubMed, and Ovid MEDLINE databases were searched in English language from the year 2015-2022. All clinical trials using Aloe vera gel, cream, or derivatives that included a control group with placebo or comparison with other treatments were included in the study according to the PRISMA selection process. In total, 11 trials that met the inclusion criteria were reviewed. The results of the studies showed successful use of Aloe vera in the prevention and treatment of chronic wounds including pressure injuries, chronic wound ulcers, diabetic foot ulcers, chronic anal fissures, and traumatic oral ulceration due to orthodontic appliances. Based on its safety and efficacy profile, this review concluded that Aloe verahas potential benefits to be used as a complementary or alternative treatment in chronic wounds along with conventional methods. Its ability to retain skin moisture and preservation of skin integrity supports its use in the prevention of ulcers.
Exploring the Antidiabetic Effect of Lupenone in Rats with Type 1 Diabetes and its Underlying Mechanism Based on Network Pharmacology
Authors: Wu Hongmei , Huang Xulong , Xu Feng , Li Xiaofen , Liang Yuqing , Yang Liubo , Wang Xiangpei
Published: August 2023

Lupenone has been reported to possess numerous medicinal values and gives a positive antidiabetic effect. But the mechanism of preventing and treating type 1 diabetes has not been elucidated in type 1 diabetic rats. This study investigated the effects and mechanism of action of lupenone in preventing and treating type 1 diabetes by network pharmacology and diabetic rats. The blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), insulin, and inflammatory factors in the pancreas of rats with type 1 diabetes were measured, and histopathological changes were observed after treatment with lupenone. The pharmacological network of ‘component-target-disease’ was constructed on diabetic rats. Gene function enrichment, the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis, and molecular docking were performed. The results showed that lupenone can decrease fasting blood glucose and HbA1c levels, increase insulin content and interleukin (IL)-4, IL-10, and decrease IL-6, transforming growth factor β and tumor necrosis factor α levels in the pancreas. Furthermore, ten targets were identified, and 50 signal pathways closely related to type 1 diabetes and inflammation were screened by network pharmacology, including insulin resistance, type II diabetes, type I diabetes, insulin signal pathway, mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) signal pathway, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) signal pathway. The docking affinity of potential targets and lupenone were between -3.3 and -9.8, among which caspase-3 (CASP3), cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4), inhibitor of kappaB kinase beta (IKBKB), transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGFB1), and TNF had high binding abilities. Thus, lupenone has the potential to be developed as a new drug for treating type 1 diabetes.
The Value of a Like: Facebook, Viral Posts, and Campaign Finance in US Congressional Elections
Authors: Kowal Michael
Published: August 2023

Social media has become a dominant force in American political life, from Twitter and Facebook to newer rivals like Instagram and TikTok. As American elections have also grown increasingly expensive, campaigns have sought to capitalize on social media success through campaign donations. The most successful social media posts can garner thousands of likes and millions of views focusing attention on the candidate and presenting a fundraising opportunity. In this study, I examine the impact of viral posts (those receiving more than 5,000 likes or those in the top 1% of likes) on the number and amount of campaign donations a candidate receives on the date of the post. Combining social media data from Facebook and campaign finance donations during the 2018 and 2020 House of Representatives elections, I find that viral posts can dramatically increase a candidate’s fundraising on those dates. This finding suggests that candidates can increase their fundraising through increased social media success.
Modernización del sistema de control de los parques solares ‘Santa Teresa II’ (Guantánamo) y ‘Bagacera de Cruces’ (Cienfuegos).
Authors: Benítez-Pina Israel Francisco
Published: August 2023

El SunAnalyzer desarrollado en Citect SCADA permitió optimizar la explotación de dos parques solares en las provincias de Guantánamo y Cienfuegos (Cuba). El SunAnalyzer permite la visualización en tiempo real de los parámetros de operación, realizar diagnósticos de operación, y visualizar la información en gráficas detalladas. El sistema se desarrolló de forma amigable con los operadores, y el personal técnico y administrativo. Adicionalmente la implementación de una base de datos permite comparar datos de operación en el tiempo, lo que ayuda a un proceso de toma de decisiones más robusto. Como resultado del sistema, se obtienen una reducción significativa de los costos de operación de ambas plantas solares.
Congenital central hypoventilation syndrome (Ondine’s curse)
Authors: Mizernitskiy Y. L.
Published: August 2023

Pediatricians and neonatologists often deal with a variety of causes of respiratory failure. Most algorithms for the diagnosis and treatment of such conditions are well developed. However, the diagnosis of some rare causes of respiratory disorders is still challenging. The aim of this review is to present current literature data on a very rare autosomal dominant disorder – congenital central hypoventilation syndrome (Ondine’s curse). This syndrome is manifested by the absence of spontaneous breathing due to a congenital genetic defect, namely the expansion of the polyalanine tract in the PHOX2B gene on chromosome 4p12. Conclusion. Issues of pathogenesis, diagnosis, clinical variants, treatment, and prognosis of this disease are discussed.
Therapeutic Apheresis, Immunosuppression, and Human Monoclonal Antibodies in Hematologic Diseases
Authors: Bambauer Rolf
Published: August 2023

To cure a patient by removing his illness by extracting blood is a very old one. Now this old process, bloodletting, placed on a rational basis with therapeutic apheresis using hollow fiber membranes, is being our clinical practice. Based on many years of experience with extracorporeal circulation in end-stage renal disease, the authors herein give an overview of TA in hematologic diseases, with immunologic or non-immunologic origin. Immunology and molecular biology of the different hematologic diseases are discussed in relation to the rationale for apheresis therapies, and its place alone or in combination with other modern therapies, such as immunosuppression, HMAs, tyrosine kinase inhibitors, recombinant factor VVII, VIII, and others. The prognosis of the most of the hematologic diseases has improved in recent years, due in part to very aggressive therapy methods. Therapeutic apheresis is indicated most only in severe hematologic diseases. The guidelines of the Apheresis Application Committee of the American Society for Apheresis for the hematologic diseases, which could be treated with apheresis methods are cited. Therapeutic apheresis has been shown to effectively remove autoantibodies, toxins, and other pathologic substances from blood and lead to rapid clinical improvement, and it can safely be performed even in all severe ill patients, most in combination with immunosuppression, and/or human monoclonal antibodies.
Microscopic Manifestations of Maternal Diabetes in Placental Structure
Authors: Jirkovská Marie
Published: August 2023

The human placenta is crucial for prenatal development and good pregnancy outcome. Maternal diabetic disorder influences normal intrauterine development of individual and expresses itself in the placenta. Due to the progress in diagnostic methods and methods of metabolic compensation the macroscopic signs associated with maternal diabetes, e.g., placentomegaly, occur nowadays rarely. In the microscopic picture of placenta there are no structural differences specific for maternal diabetes. However, the application of quantitative morphological methods has revealed some differences of normal and diabetic placenta. Stereological studies have shown significantly higher total volume of peripheral villi that distorts shapes and dimensions of pores in the intervillous space, and larger surface areas of peripheral villi and villous capillaries. Methods of confocal microscopy and 3D reconstruction gave the evidence that the fetus reacts on the hypoxia in maternal diabetic environment by enhanced angiogenesis and branching of villous capillaries. The enhanced tissue volumes are conditioned by higher mitotic activity. However, it decreases the proliferative potential of cells taking part in the enlargement of key structures for maternofetal transport at the end of pregnancy. Syncytiotrophoblast produces many factors playing important roles in maternal and fetal regulation and in the placenta itself. Quantitative methods of catalytic histochemistry and immunocytochemistry pointed at the role of maternal diabetes in decreased synthesis of some of those factors (e.g., alkaline phosphatase, SP1 glycoprotein). The presented data show that the quantitative morphological methods contribute to better understanding of the influence of maternal diabetes on fetoplacental unit.
Gene Therapy Drug Development for First-In-Human Study of Pediatric Diseases: Facilitating Change to Current Paradigms
Authors: Rayapudi Pranitha , Robinson Paulette , Mangas Ellery , Mulberg Andrew
Published: August 2023

Drug development in pediatrics is mandated under US and European Union legislation, and delays in pediatric studies can impact the appropriate labeling and use of therapeutics for children. Developing medical products for pediatrics is challenging, as there are several critical issues and factors to consider when initiating a pediatric drug development program. The International Conference Harmonisation guideline E11(R1) and criteria under 21 CFR part 50 subpart D define pediatric regulatory standards for drug developers and ensure the safety of pediatric participants in clinical studies. Adequate adult data are typically required before finalizing pediatric study designs and initiating pediatric studies by virtue of the Pediatric Research Equity Act. It is evolving that the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is including adolescents in Phase 3 trials. In pediatrics, the lack of coordinated use of extrapolation for safety and efficacy amongst global regulatory agencies impacts the timelines and development of clinical trial designs. First-in-human pediatric trials may be justified if the aspects of 21 CFR 50, subpart D specifically 21 CFR 50.52 are addressed. For example, first-in-human pediatric gene therapy trials have been allowed in spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) using a benefit-risk assessment to justify the conduct of first-in-human trials in children. The statutory requirement to study children in clinical trials is influenced by the nature of the disease that is currently under study and needs to be personalized. These issues are addressed in this perspective on gene therapy treatment in children.
Understanding Arguments to Protect Farmland in Idaho
Authors: Halperin Sarah , Schneider Jen , Som Castellano Rebecca L. , Brandt Jodi
Published: August 2023

Between Spring 2022 and Spring 2023, a team of researchers at Boise State University
conducted interviews with people involved in farmland protection efforts. Our goal was
to understand how interviewees frame the issue of farmland loss. Frames can draw
attention to an issue, contextualize decision-making, and influence the policy solutions
considered. Through a frame analysis, we gained a clearer understanding of potential
approaches for farmland protection in Idaho.

We conducted 10 semi-structured interviews with individuals representing government
agencies, academic institutions, land trusts, non-profit organizations, and farmers. After
conducting the interviews, we analyzed the transcripts in a systematic manner to
identify recurring message frames pertaining to farmland loss. The analysis process
enabled us to map these frames onto potential policy solutions applicable to Idaho.

Our report outlines the advantages and disadvantages of each frame and pinpoints
which ones are likely to resonate with specific groups. Our research revealed a diverse
range of frames used to address farmland protection, with many interviewees citing
multiple frames. The domestic food security, regional economy, and national/global
trade frames are expected to have broad appeal, while the national security and
environmental benefits frames may appeal to more specific audiences. The threatened
resource and cultural importance frames are likely to resonate with those valuing
tradition. We identified a variety of solutions, such as agricultural protection areas,
support for rural economies, promotion of regenerative agriculture, and expansion of
Idaho's Right to Farm Act protections. Our findings underscore the importance of
diverse, flexible, and responsive solutions to improve the feasibility of farmland
protection in Idaho. We hope that our work will provide a solid basis for future efforts
aimed at preserving Idaho's farmland.
Unveiling the burden of surgical site infections (SSI) and its determinants in tertiary care centre
Authors: Tiwary Satyendra K , Singh Rohit Kumar , Singh Sweta , Puneet  , Khanna Ajay K
Published: August 2023

Surgical site infections (SSIs) are prevalent hospital-acquired infections that pose a significant risk to patients, often leading to complications and even death. The incidence of SSIs can vary among different hospitals due to various factors that influence their development.

The objective of this study was to examine the occurrence and determine the factors associated with Surgical Site Infections (SSI).

From August 2021 to July 2022, our tertiary care center conducted a retrospective observational study. The surgical sites were carefully assessed and categorized, and infected wounds underwent culture and sensitivity testing. The collected data was then analyzed using SPSS 13 software

: Among the 360 patients studied, 78 (22%) developed surgical site infections (SSI). Risk factors for SSI included age, gender, BMI, diabetes, blood transfusion, and longer preoperative waiting time. Staphylococcus aureus was the predominant pathogen, and resistance to tetracycline was common.

Surgical site infections (SSI) are prevalent, indicating a high incidence. Among the contributing factors, gender, extremes of BMI, diabetes mellitus, and blood transfusion emerge as influential risk factors associated with the occurrence of SSI.
New Technologies, Artificial Intelligence, International Maritime Law and Fundamental Rights
Authors: Torres Manrique Jorge Isaac
Published: August 2023

New technologies and artificial intelligence have an important presence and contribution to humanity. However, it is necessary to determine the relationship between them and international maritime law, as well as with fundamental rights. In this paper, the author develops and demonstrates the transversality between fundamental rights and the same. That is to say, the approach of their legal and extra-legal interrelation.
Crypto risks and mitigation opportunities in Russia
Authors: Sannikova Larisa
Published: August 2023

The position of national financial regulators in relation to cryptocurrencies is largely determined by the presence of risks of their use. Historically, the development of the crypto market has proved that fears seem to be well founded. Both internationally and nationally, there are mainly four types of risks associated with the use of cryptocurrencies: risks of violation of consumer rights; risks of money laundering and terrorist financing; environmental risks; risks to financial stability. Despite the risks being objective in nature and recognised by all financial regulators in the world, when forming a national legal regulation, each country should assess these risks based on its ability to manage them. The study showed that the risks of public costs in the circulation and use of cryptocurrencies are not destructive for the Russian financial market.Russia needs to adhere more strictly to a risk-based approach to regulating the crypto asset market. To manage risks, it is necessary to legalise the crypto asset market in Russia and create an appropriate market infrastructure. Only the legalisation of the turnover of crypto assets will ensure proper control over it, and, consequently, minimise the existing risks.