bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Downregulation of tumor-suppressor gene LHX6 in cancer: a systematic review
Authors: Nathalia Evelyn , Theardy Madelaine Skolastika , Elvira Sharleen , Rosellinny Graciella , Liyanto Andrew Steven , Utama Michael Putra , Sumarpo Anton
Published: April 2018

Introduction. LIM Homeobox 6 (LHX6) encodes a LIM homeodomain transcription factor, contributes to tissue development and morphogenesis, and is mostly expressed in medial ganglionic eminence and odontogenic mesenchyme. However, it has been reported to play a role in cancer progression. This narrative review summarizes literatures that emphasize the molecular regulation of LHX6 in tumorigenesis.

Methods. In our systematic review, the PubMed database was used for the literature search using the combination of words that included “LHX6” and “cancer”. Relevant studies, including in vitro, in vivo experiments, and clinical studies, were analyzed in this review.

Results. We found evidences that LHX6 might be important in the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation, growth, invasion, and metastasis through the suppression of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Moreover, LHX6 is observed to be downregulated in certain types of cancer due to hypermethylation, thus hindering its tumor suppressing ability. In addition, hypermethylation can also be used to determine the stage of cancer development.

Conclusion. The downregulation of LHX6 expression might be responsible in promoting cancer progression. Future studies are necessary to investigate the potential of LHX6 as a novel cancer biomarker as well as its therapeutic implications towards certain types of cancer.
Stream Level Stabilization by Algae of the Genus Cladophora
Authors: Zeman J. , Dvořáková Š.
Published: April 2018

Investigations in the Pryský brook experimental catchment revealed that the vegetation of the stream channel stabilizes water level depth in the measured profile. The explored brook has been heavily overgrown by algae of the genus Cladophora due to a strong pollution by nitrates. It seems that if the algae average length exceeds the midsize of the stones paving the bed (ca. 30 ± 7 cm in diameter, escribed circle to pentagon or heptagon), the water level stagnates in the flowrate range of 60–180 l s−1. This totally blocks the streamflow daily oscillation (in summer months in a purely stone bed reaching up to 15%, along with tidal phenomena). The article analyzes one of possible explanations of this effect due to the dependence of the algae thickness layer modifying the channel bed cross-section on the speed of flowing water.
Risk of potential exposure incident in non-healthcare workers in contact with infectious and municipal waste
Authors: Kanisek Sanja , Gmajnić Rudika , Barać Ivana
Published: April 2018

Introduction

The proper classification of sharp and infectious waste in situ by the healthcare workers is an
important measure of prevention of sharps and other exposure incidents in non-healthcare workers, who handle such waste. The aim was to examine the practice of classifying sharp and infectious waste in family and dental practices.

Methods

An analysis of 50 bags of infectious and 50 bags of municipal waste from five family and five dental practices for five days in October 2016 at the Health centre Osijek.

Results

Healthcare workers in 70% of the practices deposited sharps in infectious waste. In 56% of infectious waste bags, sharp object were found. More risky bags of infectious waste were produced by family practices (64%), but with no significant differences in relation to dental practices (48%), (P=0.143). Disposing of infectious into municipal waste was the case in 90% of the practitioners, where in 60% of municipal waste bags, infectious waste was disposed. Dental practices produced more risky bags of municipal waste (76%) in relation to family practices (44%), but with no significant difference (P=0.714).

Conclusions

The results of this research point to importance of performing audits of proper disposal of sharps and infectious waste to reduce the risks of injury to non-healthcare workers who come into contact with the said waste. Given results could be used for framing written protocols of proper disposal of sharps and infectious waste that should be visibly available in family and dental practices and for education of healthcare workers.
Trends Regarding the Evolution of the Romanian Pension System
Authors: Balteș Nicolae , Dumiter Florin , David Delia , Jimon Ștefania
Published: April 2018

The pension system, together with the social assistance services form the social security system is recognized worldwide throughout the adoption of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights for the purpose of insured person compensation for damages regarding some inherent risks as: permanent or temporary inability of work, old age or unemployment. The main objectives of a pension system are decreasing poverty regarding the lower income persons throughout the conditions of limitation of the working capacity which are financially vulnerable. In this article we provide a qualitative and quantitative overview regarding the Romanian pension system structure and mechanism. The conclusions of this article highlight the need for a more comprehensive reform of this system in order to strengthen it for the new challenges still to come in the near future.
Clusters of Tourism Consumers in Romania
Authors: Pelau Corina , Chinie Alexandra Catalina
Published: April 2018

The analysis and determination of typologies of tourism consumers has been a major concern for scientists, specialists and companies as well. Knowing the demographic and motivational factors that determine consumers to buy tourism products can have a major impact on the marketing strategy by a more efficient targeting of customers. This article presents the results of a research that aims to determine the factors which influence the buying decision for tourism products and the clusters of consumers resulted from these factors. 90 persons have been surveyed pursuing the determination of the most important factors for buying a tourism product and the correlation between them. The factor analysis and the cluster analysis have been applied with the help of the SPSS program. The results of the factor analysis group the items into six factors. In a second phase, the consumers have been divided into three categories based on a hierarchical Ward cluster analysis. The three clusters have been defined and analyzed and recommendations for the future research have been given.
A Model to Measure the Performance of Human Resources in Organisations
Authors: Tilca Magnolia , Mare Elisabeta , Apatean Anca
Published: April 2018

The economic crisis, demography, technology, globalization etc. are all factors which will influence the organizational structures and business strategies. A new business strategy will require, among others, that passive Human Resources Management (HRM) change into an active one with a decisive influence upon business. The vision of an active HRM requires that HR information (IT) dedicated systems assist human resources managers in their decision-making. The existing IT systems predominantly manage the salary calculations and, possibly, the employee's professional development, two of the tasks that a human resources manager has to pursue. However, tasks such as assisting, consulting and engaging the human resources in the organization are equally important. IT systems must also develop into these directions. The present paper proposes a solution to measure the performance of human resources by creating an employee performance indicator (EPI). The paper first describes the economic phenomenon involved in the HR performance process, then the mathematical model is formulated, the algorithm is implemented, the solution of the model is analysed from a technical and economic point of view, and finally the decision is made. We use the weighted arithmetic mean to compute the EPI indicator and the correlation formula to establish the degree of relevance between the EPI indicator and the variables involved in the model. An implementation in R is given.
Investigation of Road Transport Enterprise Functioning on the Basis of System Dynamics
Authors: Tolujevs Jurijs , Shedenov Otegali , Askarov Gani
Published: April 2018

The work is devoted to the study of the possibilities to apply the System Dynamics method for the analysis of processes at the road transport enterprises. The study contains a concise review on examples of three simulation paradigms application for creating models, associated with the road motor transport. The following paradigms were under consideration: Discrete Event, Agent Based, and System Dynamics. Furthermore, the paper describes the causal loop diagram designed using the principles of system dynamics. This diagram is a qualitative model that represents the relationships between the main factors affecting the performance indicators of a road transport enterprise. The quantitative model constructed using the principles of system dynamics is also represented. The mentioned model reflects the process of functioning of a road transport enterprise during the year. The model is developed using Vensim simulation software.
Maritime Energy Contracting for Clean Shipping
Authors: Olaniyi Eunice O. , Atari Sina , Prause Gunnar
Published: April 2018

To reduce the Sulphur emission from shipping and ensure clean shipping, a number of Sulphur Emission Control Areas (SECA) were enforced in special areas around the globe. From 2015, in SECA, ship owners are not allowed to use fuel with more than 0.1% Sulphur content. One of the major concerns for the SECA regulation is that maritime stakeholders have had to take into consideration the costs as well as the tolerable risks of their compliance investment options. Besides that, low freight rates have increased the competition and had caused financial pressure on ship owners so that lower capital reserves and low credibility levels limit the manoeuvring space for investment activities.

The indications from BSR after 2015 showed that the low fuel price has eased the economic effects of the SECA regulation and as a result, most ship owners have delayed their investment decisions. Even though the postponement of emission abatement techniques seems to have reduced the compliance expenses for SECA, they, however, did not improve the position of shipowners relative to their competitors. Consequently, new policy instruments to stimulate innovation, to raise competitiveness and to comply with the new environmental regulations are needed. It would have been easier to hedge fuel price volatility and offer maritime logistics services for a lower price, but to be able to ensure sustainable results in long-term, maritime stakeholders must be ready to device astute strategies that can propel them to unparalleled advantage.

This research first appraised the investment risks and payback period associated with the scrubber using different capital budgeting methods. It further illustrated the Maritime Energy Contracting (MEC) model as a market mechanism for the delivery of a cost-effective emission reduction using the scrubber technology as well as an instrument to realise a competitive advantage for ship operators. The results are empirically validated by case studies from BSR.
AGRESIVITAS SISWA SMK DKI JAKARTA
Authors: Zamzani Alif
Published: April 2018

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antaraÂ pemenuhan Kebutuhan, konsep diri, dan kontrol emosional denganÂ perilaku agresivitas siswa. Subjek penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas IIÂ SMK DK/ Jakarta dengan jumlah sampel 160 siswa yang dipilihÂ dengan teknik multi stage random sampling. Data dikumpulkanÂ dengan menggunakan instrumen berskala lima, dan dianalisis dengan korelasi Pearson Product Moment. Hasil penelitian menunjukkanÂ bahwa: (I) terdapat hubungan negatif signifikan antara pemenuhanÂ kebutuhan dengan perilaku agresivitas, (2) terdapat hubunganÂ negatif signifikan antara konsep diri dengan perilaku agresivitas,Â (3) terdapat hubungan negatif signifikan antara kontrol emosionalÂ dengan perilaku agresivitas. Selain itu, terdapat hubungan negatifÂ signifikan secara bersama-sama antara pemenuhan kebutuhan, konsepÂ diri, dan kontrol emosional dengan perilaku agresivitas. ImplikasiÂ dari penelitian ini adalah bahwa untuk menurunkan perilakuÂ agresivitas dapat diatasi dengan meningkatkan pemenuhan kebutuhan, memperbaiki konsep diri, dan memperkuat kontrolÂ emosional siswa.
Pembunuhan Massal Etnis Cina 1740 dalam Drama Remy Sylado: Kajian New Historisisme
Authors: Nurhadi Nurhadi
Published: April 2018

Subjek penelitian ini adalah drama 9 Oktober l 740, DramaÂ Sejarah karya Remy Sy/ado terbitan Kepustakaan Populer Gramedia,Jakarta, 2005. Fokus penelitian ini berupa penerapan kajian newÂ historistsme, yang mendekonstruksi sejarah sebagai fakta danÂ memanfaatkan karya sastra guna mengkonstruksi sejarah. TemuanÂ penelitian: pertama, drama ini berlatarkan peristiw a seputarÂ pembunuhan etnis Cina di Batavia pada 1740 oleh kolonial VOC.Â Tokoh uiamanya Hein de Wit dan Hien Nio, sepasang kekasih denganÂ latar belakang seorang Belanda dan Cina. Kedua, tema utamanyaÂ peperangan antara balapasukan Cina dengan tentara Belanda yangÂ terjadi aklbat pembantaian Belanda terhadap etnis Cina di Batavia,9 Oktober 1740. Amanatnya kebencian terhadap etnis atau ras lainÂ merupakan suatu konstruksi sosial yang keliru, yang mendatangkanÂ malapetaka. Ketiga, terlepas dari kadar realitas dan fiksinya.Â setidaknya drama int telah mengangkat peristiwa pembantatanÂ tersebut; peristiwa itu direproduksi kembali. Keempat, lewat dramaÂ int Remy Sylado melakukan pembelaan terhadap usahaÂ penyetereotipan etnis Cina. sebagat usaha resistensi terhadapÂ konstruksi sosial anti-Cina.
The Customary Law and Adoption: The â€˜O e Gapa le Namaneâ€™ Custom
Authors: Monye Stephen
Published: April 2018

Whilst the Children Act of 2005 regulates most aspects regarding the adoption of children, it does not seem to be covering the entire spectrum of the amalgam known as the South African legal system. Indeed the Act regulates issues relating to consent to adopt, procedure relating to adoption of children born out of the wedlock, exclusions regarding consent for such children, as who can adopt a child and provides a list of who can adopt a child. Amongst those who can adopt a child are: A married couple, Partners in a life-partnership (including same-sex partners), a person who has married the natural parent of a child, a single person (a widow or widower or an unmarried or divorced person) with the consent of the Minister. It is further in terms of section 18 of the act required that the adoption of a child be effected by a court order. In effect, it means that, an adoption not endorsed as prescribed is not recognised as an adoption.Yet this dispensation does not seem to embrace well-established adoption practices such as o e gapa lenamane (Loosely literally translated, it says, â€œYou lead it with its calfâ€) amongst Batswana, which would now have no effect in law regarding adoption of such a namane (calf). It is the argument in this paper that much as customary law is recognised as law in its own right, the courts should be responsive enough to develop the customary law adoption practices; otherwise the opportunity to attain the envisioned inclusive South African law of the 21st century will be lost.
The Great Romance: a science — fiction/utopian novelette
Authors: Alessio Dominic
Published: April 2018

The Great Romance: a science — fiction/utopian novelette
Te Mana Te Kawanatanga: The Politics of Maori Self-Determination
Authors: Byrnes Giselle M.
Published: April 2018

Research into the politics of Maori self-determination
Group 6: The Relationship of Labour and Employment Research and Policy
Authors: Lennon Jim , Poot Jacques , Rose Dennis , Susan Shipley , Tanner Ross , Williams Alan
Published: April 2018

This group noted that labour market research has not been given high priority in New Zealand. We have no institutions analogous to those in Australia and the United Kingdom whose prime research objective is research into labour markets and employment. New Zealand's neglect probably stems from the long period of full employment. Research is also inhibited by data limitations including, most notably, the absence of a labour force survey. There is a need to develop longitudinal survey material.
Group 7: Women in the Labour Market
Authors: Hyman Prue , Novitz Rosemary , Shipley Susan , Smith David , Swainson Nicola
Published: April 2018

Gender difference constitutes a major rigidity in labour market operation and dynamics – and this justifies and requires further detailed study. Major questions addressed include: What are the levels and changes in vertical and occupational segregation and earnings differences by sex? What is the nature and relative importance of constraints on change? What is the relationship between women’s unpaid work and their work in the paid labour force?
PREFERENSI SUMBER BELAJAR ONLINE MAHASISWA PENDIDIKAN EKONOMI
Authors: Ghofur Muhammad Abdul , Wahjoedi Wahjoedi
Published: April 2018

The availability of an increasingly diverse and number of online resources makes the choice of students richer and active learning more enjoyable, but the preferences and abilities of students in choosing the right learning resources need to be further analyzed. This research is survey research with cross-section data with Unesa Economic Education Study Program students as the research subject. The ability of the online student learning resource Preference Unesa is dominated by scientific journal portals, social media, institutional pages, news portals and personal blogs. Most of these learning resources are text rather than the video with ease of access being the main reason in choosing learning resources. Information about the learning resources they get mainly from social media, advice from friends, and then advice or information from lecturers.
STRATEGI INVESTASI PADA RUMAH TANGA PETANI TRADISIONAL DI KECAMATAN MAPATTUNGGUL SELATAN
Authors: Yulhendri Yulhendri , Kurniawati Tri , Susanti Nora
Published: April 2018

Analyzing household’s investment behavior in remote environments is attractively conducted as a scientific effort to tackle the problem of poverty in the long term. The population of study was households located in remote areas in Pasaman Regency, district of South Mapattunggul. It is about 1,991 heads of household. The sample is 307  households which are formulated by using Slovin formula. This study uses multiple regression analysis and qualitative analysis on mixed method perspective. Investment behavior in traditional farming households in the District of South Mapattunggul is influenced by consumer behavior, knowledge, hope the old days, learning, price, and level of education. Partially, learning process and life expectation do not affect the investment behavior. Knowledge of pricing information has a negative correlation with the investment. It means that the higher the price, or the risks they run, the lower investments. This is in line with the general logic that the higher the risk, the less people are willing to enter into an investment.   Society is mainly prioritizing daily consumption as the main priority use of their revenue when the prices are high.Community learning process does not consistently affect the investment behavior including expectations of the old days.  It is caused by lower educational facilities and low level of households expectations in improving their old days lives.
Prevalence and molecular characteristics of multi-resistant Escherichia coli in wild birds
Authors: Merkeviciene Lina , Klimiene Irena , Siugzdiniene Rita , Virgailis Marius , Mockeliunas Raimundas , Ruzauskas Modestas
Published: April 2018

Humans and animals share the same bacterial species including the resistant ones. For that reason, epidemiological studies in domestic and wild animals should be performed on a regular basis. Wild, particularly migratory birds, should be investigated as potential carriers of antimicrobial resistant bacteria that can be spread globally in a short time. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence and to characterize multi-resistant Escherichia coli in wild birds. Three hundred and ninety two samples were obtained from different bird species including gulls (Larus spp.), mallards (Anas platyrhynchos), mute swans (Cygnus olor), as well as other species of birds. Phenotypical and genotypical resistance of E. coli was investigated. In total 60 isolates from 179 tested were resistant to three or more antimicrobial classes and treated as multi-resistant (33.5%; 95% CI 21.56–45.44); the isolates were obtained from gulls, mallards, swans, and rooks. All of the strains demonstrated resistance to aztreonam and cefpodoxime. The most frequent resistance prevalence of the above-mentioned isolates in vitro was also demonstrated to ampicillin (82%), ampicillin/sulbactam (68%), cefazolin (66%), ceftriaxone (55%), and ciprofloxacin (47%). All E. coli isolates were susceptible to amikacin. The results of polymerase chain reaction confirmed the presence of the genes encoding resistance to beta-lactams, aminoglycosides, tetracycline, amphenicols, trimethoprim, and sulphonamides. Consequently, wild birds might constitute a potential hazard to human and animal health by transmitting multi-resistant E. coli strains to waterways and other environmental sources via bird faeces.
Genetically influenced resistance to stress and disease in salmonids in relation to present-day breeding practice - a short review
Authors: Mendel Jan , Jánová Kristýna , Palíková Miroslava
Published: April 2018

While intensive fish production has many advantages, it also has a number of drawbacks as regards disease and stress. To date, there has been no conclusive review of disease resistance at Czech fish farms. The aim of the study was to describe briefly the existing salmonid breeding practice in the Czech Republic and to point out the trends and new possibilities gaining ground around Europe. However, the present situation in the Czech stocks is not rare at all and therefore it is used here as a model example representing numerous breeding practices in Europe. Stress and disease resistance in fish is polygenic and quantitative, making selection for such traits difficult. In recent years, however, fish breeding methods have developed rapidly, with the use of genetic analysis tools, for example, now allowing much greater selection accuracy. Gradual progress in understanding the importance of individual genetic markers offers many new options that can be utilised in breeding practice. New selection methods, such as quantitative trait loci (QTLs) and genomic selection, are increasingly employed in European aquaculture. Next generation sequencing techniques now help in the finding of new and promising QTLs that can be used in assisted selection. This review maps the current progress in improving salmonid resistance to stress and disease in aquaculture and at the same time provides the breeders with a short overview of the latest tools of genetically controlled breeding and of the newest products available at the European market.
Relationship between seasonal dynamics in zooplankton density and Ergasilus infection in two reservoirs
Authors: Jelínková Eva , Krechler Ivo , Jurajda Pavel , Papežíková Ivana , Navrátil Stanislav , Marková Zdenka , Palíková Miroslava
Published: April 2018

Ergasilosis is a common parasitic disease of fish caused by species of the family Ergasilidae. During the fish growing season, parasitic abundance (including developmental stages) changes in relation to zooplankton development. In this study, we evaluated the seasonal dynamics of ergasilosis in relation to zooplankton development at two reservoirs (Hubenov, Koryčany) in the Morava River Basin (Czech Republic). Samples of fish and zooplankton were obtained at monthly intervals between April and October 2014. In total, 189 fish of 11 species were caught using electrofishing and seine nets. Overall, epidemiological characteristics were higher in the Hubenov reservoir, which also hosted higher numbers of pelagic Copepods. Hubenov also supported a higher number of predatory fish species, which presumably helped to reduce the number of zooplanktonophagic cyprinids. Our results suggest that each reservoir represents a unique ecosystem with its own pattern of ergasilosis seasonal development. Differences between reservoirs are closely related to zooplankton development, which is in turn affected by the fish stock in each reservoir. As the nauplius and copepod stages of arthropods form part of the zooplankton assemblage, they will be found at highest numbers in reservoirs where predatory fish suppress zooplanktonophagic fish species. We suggest to analyse zooplankton with the determination of the genusErgasilus.
A cluster of two human cases of tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) transmitted by unpasteurised goat milk and cheese in Germany, May 2016
Authors: Brockmann SO , Oehme R , Buckenmaier T , Beer M , Jeffery-Smith A , Spannenkrebs M , Haag-Milz S , Wagner-Wiening C , Schlegel C , Fritz J , Zange S , Bestehorn M , Lindau A , Hoffmann D , Tiberi S , Mackenstedt U , Dobler G
Published: April 2018

In May 2016, two cases of tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) were confirmed by serology (positive IgM and IgG antibodies against TBE virus (TBEV) in serum), with a possible link to raw milk and cheese from a goat farm in a region in Baden-Württemberg, Germany not previously known as TBE-endemic. The outbreak investigation identified 32 consumers of goat dairy products (29 consumers, one farm employee, two owners) of whom none had IgM antibodies against TBEV 3–8 weeks after consumption. Of the 27 notified TBE cases in the State, none reported consumption of raw goat milk or cheese from the suspected farm. Five of 22 cheese samples from 18 different batches were RT-qPCR-positive for TBEV -genome, and two of the five samples were confirmed by virus isolation, indicating viability of TBEV in the cheese. Nine of the 45 goats had neutralising TBEV antibodies, two of them with a high titre indicating recent infection. One of 412 Ixodes ricinus was RT-qPCR-positive, and sequencing of the E gene from nucleic acid extracted from the tick confirmed TBEV. Phylogenetic analyses of tick and cheese isolates showed 100% amino acid homology in the E gene and a close relation to TBEV strains from Switzerland and Austria.
Genomic non-coding regions reveal hidden patterns of mumps virus circulation in Spain, 2005 to 2015
Authors: Gavilán Ana M , Fernández-García Aurora , Rueda Angel , Castellanos Ana , Masa-Calles Josefa , López-Perea Noemí , Torres de Mier María V , de Ory Fernando , Echevarría Juan E
Published: April 2018

Background

Since mumps vaccination was introduced in 1981 in Spain, the incidence of the disease has dropped significantly. However, cyclic epidemic waves and outbreaks still occur, despite high vaccination coverage. The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends genotyping to trace the pattern of mumps virus (MuV) circulation. Genotype H was predominant in Spain, but was replaced in 2005 by genotype G which has subsequently remained dominant. Of the small hydrophobic protein gene sequences, 78% are identical and belong to the MuVi/ Sheffield.GBR.1.05/[G]-variant. Aim: Our study aimed to investigate whether the circulation of MuV strains in Spain was continuous after the emergence of genotype G in 2005. Method: We obtained 46 samples from Spanish patients infected with MuVi/Sheffield.GBR.1.05/[G] during two epidemic waves and analysed them using new molecular markers based on genomic non-coding regions (NCRs) that discriminate subvariants of this virus strain. Results: Phylogenetic analyses of the nucleoprotein–phosphoprotein and matrix protein–fusion protein NCR indicated strain replacement after a drop in incidence in 2009, which had not been detectable by SH sequencing. Clustering of sequences from patients epidemiologically linked in the same outbreak suggests a potential use for these NCRs in outbreak characterisation. Conclusion: We suggest to consider their use in conjunction with the SH gene in the future WHO recommendations for MuV epidemiological surveillance.
The interpretation of the notion of public interest in Polish public competition law according to the judgement of the Court of Competition and Consumer Protection of February 4, 2015 (XVII AmA 163/11)
Authors: RADUŁA Michał
Published: April 2018

Aim: The notion of a public interest in administrative law science and in the administration science occupies the central position in the notion chart. Consequently, it is also the main notion of public protection of competition. The legislator has not decided to present a definition of "the public interest" in the Competition and Consumer Protection Law Act. As a result, interpretation of the concept is largely dependent on the judicature. The aim of the paper is to analyse the notion of a public interest and its interpretation both in science and in practice of law application. Design / Research methods: The author's conclusions are based on analysing the pubic interest interpretation made by representatives of the doctrine and the judicature. Conclusions / findings: In consequence, the author is of very good opinion on how the notion of a public interest in the public protection of competition evolves, adapting to the current social and market condition and to the development of the competition law science. Originality / value of the article: Originality of the topic comes from the legal analysis of the controversial presentation of a correctly operating competition on the medicinal product sales market, unprecedented in the judicature, as a mechanism allowing patients to obtain health services in line with the current status of medical knowledge.
Interculturality in a different light: Modesty towards democracy in education?
Authors: Li Yongjian , Dervin Fred
Published: April 2018

This article problematizes interculturality in relation to how the notion of democracy is constructed, especially in education. Discourses of democracy have become more central in “interculturalspeak” (a somewhat uncritical approach to intercultural matters), especially after the mass arrival of asylum seekers and the spread of terrorism around the world. The authors challenge the often Western-centric considerations of the Other’s democracy, through a close reading of a Chinese textbook. China seems to represent the Other par excellence when democracy is discussed. The article does not decide “subjectively” which country is better than others at “doing” democracy, especially in education. Neither do the authors wish to accuse anyone of “doing” it wrongly. What is demonstrated is that the topic of “democracy” is indeed found in China’s secondary school textbooks. The following questions are asked: Which topics are covered? How is democracy problematized explicitly/implicitly? What potential similarities are to be found with the “Western” understanding of democracy? This rare insight into discourses of democracy (the changing self; relations between self-other; citizenship, rights, duties in the textbooks) from China proposes to rethink how we see self-other in intercultural terms, to develop more intercultural modesty and to learn with each other rather than against or merely from the other.
Nature’s Voice in Crumb’sAn Idyll for the Misbegotten
Authors: Cook Robert C.
Published: April 2018

George Crumb prefaces the score toAn Idyll for the Misbegottenwith a note identifying humankind as the “misbegotten,” rulers of an environmentally “dying world.” Crumb’s piece responds to these thoughts by evoking the “voice of nature.” To have a voice is to have acoustic agency, to have one’s presence acknowledged and heard. In this article, I explore what it means for nature and music to have voice in this sense, and how Crumb’sIdyllmay be heard to sing in nature’s voice. I investigate the role played in the work by a quotation of Debussy’sSyrinx, pertinent themes of voice and nature in the tales of Syrinx and Io by the Roman poet Ovid, and the aesthetic tendencies of American ecological thought, represented by Aldo Leopold. I show how Crumb subtly acknowledges the inseparability of culture and environmental impact, while simultaneously summoning listeners out into a soundscape in which Nature’s voices speak.
The French Path
Authors: Pedneault-Deslauriers Julie
Published: April 2018

This article examines the contributions of pre-Rameauvian French writers in theorizing the early major-minor system, starting with an important document of early major-minor theory: theMéthode claire, certaine et facile pour apprendre à chanter la musique(1683, 6/1707) by the singing master and viol player Jean Rousseau (1644–1699). Rousseau’sMéthode clairewas the first continental treatise to entirely replace eight- and twelve-tonality systems with their major-minor successor. Not only do its pedagogical precepts for solmization open a fascinating window onto early major-minor theory, but the theoretical reorientation it proposes reverberated through subsequent French treatises: in the innovative ways in which French writers strove to theorize growing tonal resources, in their privileging of certain scale types, in the orderings they imposed on the major-minor tonalities, and in their attempts to systematize key signatures. The article thus illuminates the pioneering efforts of a generation of theorists that includes Denis Delair, François Campion, and Monsieur de Saint-Lambert to adapt received notions of tonal space to a new, major-minor context.
Chasing the Phantom
Authors: Tenzer Michael
Published: April 2018

Balinese composer Dewa Alit (b. 1973) splits his time between home and abroad, absorbing many kinds of music. His latest gamelan work (2016) isNgejuk Memedi, from the Balinesengejuk, to chase, andmemedi, a feared phantom of the Balinese unseen world that takes human form. It animates his evolving desire for a “broader conception of what gamelan is, one based on its relationship to other cultures” (Alit in Tenzer 2011, 134), while submitting to the phantom-like elusiveness of the goal. In analyzing part ofNgejuk Memedi, this article argues for an emergent musical supra-culturalism embedded in innovative rhythmic practices. In Alit’s case, three strata of metrically dissonant parts are superposed in a continually changing relationship. His procedures are suggestive of those of other contemporary musicians from around the globe, whose kinship with Alit comes into focus once one delimits the intellectual and aesthetic desiderata they have challenged themselves to explore. Often notated by composers but transmitted and performed orally, such music is highly conceptual but deeply embodied in felt groove. Its signature element is the juxtaposition or layering of complex, asymmetrical periodicities that are rare or unknown in source traditions, but trace to ideas circulating from African, Indian, Western and other art musics that have become common currency. In these intersecting senses, they comprise a new phenomenon.
A Study of Impact Advance Organizers on Students's General copmprehension
Authors: Malik Sufian K
Published: April 2018

see full text attached
Transformative Model of Life Skills Basic Education for Gender Impact of Violence, Sexual Coercion and Vulnerability to HIV/AIDS Through Distance Mode of Teacher Training
Authors: Iqbal Zafar
Published: April 2018

see full text attached
Exploring the Impact of Socio-Economic Status on the Effects of Health Communication
Authors: Yousafzai Farishullah
Published: April 2018

see full text attached
VALIDATION OF IN-SERVICE TEACHER ORIENTATION PROGRAMME (INSTOP) AS A MODEL FOR IN-SERVICE TRAINING OF TEACHERS IN PAKISTAN
Authors: Bukhari Tayyab Alam
Published: April 2018

This study was designed to validate the INSTOP model which hadbeen developed by the researcher himself in 2001 on the basis of thedata collected from 240 in-service teacher trainers in Pakistan. Forthis purpose, a questionnaire was developed. This questionnaire wasadministered to the teacher trainers and experts who were engaged inthe formal and non-formal in-service training of primary schoolteachers. The model and the questionnaire were discussed in theseminars held with experts in twelve cities of Pakistan. A finialseminar was held with 22 in-service teacher trainers and experts inRawalpindi city. In this way the model INSTOP (In-service TeacherOrientation Programme) was validated formulating clearly specifiedgeneral and specific objectives. The specific objectives were againclassified as cognitive, psychomotor and affective. The contents hadboth the academic and practical bias. The model INSTOP was alsodesigned on the lines of CIPP (context-input-process-product) and itwas mathematically illustrated in order to show its components.
A STUDY OF RELATIONSHIP OF COGNITIVE STYLES WITH STUDENTS’ ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT IN THE SUBJECT OF SCIENCE AT ELEMENTARY LEVEL
Authors: Akhtar Shagufta
Published: April 2018

This paper aimed at investigating the relationship of cognitive styles withstudents’ academic achievement in the subject of science at elementary level. Asample of 511 students, studying in 8th class, was taken from five Pakistani publicsector secondary schools. The data collected through the study instruments wereanalyzed by using Pearson product moment correlation, partial correlation and ttest. Results indicate that male students tended to be more field dependent, whilefemale students were more inclined towards field independence and the lowachievers were found to be field dependent while high achievers tended to be fieldindependent. Results have many implications for teachers, e.g. teachers may helpfield dependent children act more field independently to achieve well in thosesubject areas where field independence is required.
Segmentation-Based Video Upscaling without Motion Estimation
Authors: Ho-Phuoc Tien , Truong Cong Dung-Nghi
Published: April 2018

This paper shows an effective method for video upscaling or super resolution (SR) without using an explicit motion estimation step. Exploiting the Non-Local Means (NLM) algorithm in order to bypass motion estimation, which is often complicated, our method proposes some modifications to ensure a good compromise between noise cancelling and detail preservation. A detailed consideration of the NLM algorithm is carried out to propose an efficient distance computation and the best eighbors for the reconstruction of each SR pixel. Moreover, efficient segmentation algorithms are also considered to build a novel upscaling framework that is adapted to spatial contrast. The satisfying results with real videos illustrated the advantages of upscaling without motion estimation compared to motion estimation-based upscaling, as well as the role of segmentation in video super resolution.
“A remarkably dense historical and political juncture”: Anita Bryant, The Body Politic, and the Canadian Gay and Lesbian Community in January 1978
Authors: Pyryeskina Julia
Published: April 2018

In 1977, Anita Bryant — the American Southern Baptist, singer, and spokesperson for the Florida Citrus Commission — founded the right-wing Christian Save Our Children campaign in order to overturn a Florida county ordinance that legislated the protection of civil rights for Dade County gays. Six months later, Bryant was invited to visit Toronto, Canada, by Christian minister Ken Campbell of Renaissance International — the homegrown Canadian version of the Christian Evangelical movement. Bryant's visit took place at a complicated historical and political juncture for the Canadian gay and lesbian community: the gay liberation paper of record, The Body Politic, had published an article about adult-child sexual relationships and was subsequently raided by the police; a young boy had been killed in a reported “homosexual orgy”; and the Ontario Human Rights Commission had recently recommended that “sexual orientation” be included in the Human Rights Code — but whether the recommendation would be included remained to be seen. This essay will analyze how Bryant's defeat of the Dade county ordinance and visits to Canada, the controversial article in The Body Politic, and the subsequent police raid on the newspaper provoked mass organizing, protests, and laid the basis for future anti-right organizing in the Canadian gay and lesbian liberation movement — but also exposed the limits of solidarity between gays and lesbians. The tumultuous context that shaped the Canadian gays' and lesbians' responses, analyses, and engagements as well as conflicts with each other will bring to light the unities, dis-unities, and differences within.
Pittura di famiglia: come si trasformano le relazioni familiari?
Authors: Cigoli Vittorio
Published: April 2018

- The author goes on a fascinating journey through family painting, starting from the Sacred Family and coming to the Twentieth century. The journey allows to read the most important changings of family relations in Western culture through the pictorial work. Thus, a cultural gap is filled up in the field of family relations studies, where family painting has always been neglected. In particular, the paper allows to consider the Seventeenth century as the golden age of family painting: in this century, after the shift from the Sacred Family to the bourgeois family, the themes of couple and family intimacy, and of family decay as well, already appear. At the end, the issue of the heritage is discussed. Another important century is the Nineteenth one, when works by Francisco Goya and Edgar Degas are presented. At last, the Twentieth century emphasizes the personal feeling of the painter. The paper ends with the description of a painting by Frida Kahlo, dealing with a generational topic, and with clinical considerations.

Key words: family painting; family relations; generational relations; couple; relational changings; family clinical psychology.

Parole chiave: pittura di famiglia; relazioni familiari; relazioni generazionali; coppia; trasformazioni relazionali; clinica familiare.
Psicoeducazione sistemica con pazienti psicotici: da strategia informativa a strategia riabilitativa
Authors: Di Donfrancesco Antonio , Miola Carmelo , Mosconi Andrea , Silva Benedetta
Published: April 2018

- The presented study describes a new Relational Systemic Psycho-Educational Methodology tested with psychotic patients, starting from a review of the Expressed Emotion Model and the previous psycho-educational theories. General aim of the study has been to evaluate the actual capacity of a psycho-educational intervention to create a conversational meta-context. This is intended for the co-construction within the group of shared representations and meanings, modifying the individual assumptions and biases. Therefore, the main difference between this approach and the previous models is the huge attention paid at the assessment of group's members biases about the several treated topics and the evaluation of the capacity of the psycho-educational intervention to influence at this level producing a change. The obtained results demonstrate the possibility of the psycho-educational intervention to be employed with psychotic patients, not only as "information strategy" but also as "rehabilitation strategy" able to produce a "change".

Key words: psycho-education, systemic theory, psychosis, group, rehabilitation treatment, change.

Parole chiave: psicoeducazione, teoria sistemica, psicosi, gruppo, trattamento riabilitativo, cambiamento.
Effect of foliar and soil application of nitrogen on the growth and yield of wheat
Authors: Islam MS , Akter H , Aktar S , Miah MJ , Farazi M
Published: April 2018

A pot experiment was conducted at the Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture, Mymensingh during the period from November 2013 to March 2014 to examine the effect of nitrogen application methods on the growth and yield of wheat. Two application methods (Foliar spray and soil application) and three varieties viz. Sotabdi, Kanchan and BAW56 were included and experimental test crop. From the study it was found that plant height. Total tillers plant-1,effect tillers plant-1,root dry weight plant-1,grains panicle-1, 100 grain weight, grain weight plant-1, straw weight plant-1, biological yield plant-1, and harvest indexwere significantly higher by foliar spray method than the soil application of nitrogen, Higher grain yield (9.01 g plant-1) was observed by the foliar spray application and lower grain yield was 6.07 g plant-1 obtained from the soil application. Among 3 varieties Sotabdi was found to be better yielding ability and produced comparatively higher plant height, total tillers plant-1, effective tillers plant-1,root dry weight plant-1, grains panicle-1, 100 grains weight, grains weight plan-1, straw weight plant-1, biological yield plant-1, in respect of harvest index values. BAW56 was observed as medium performed variety and Kanchan was the least. Regarding interaction effect of the variety Sotabdi also showed the highest plant-1, total tillers plant-1, effective tillers plant-1, root dry weight plant-1, grains panicle-1,100 grains weight, grains weight plant-1, straw weight plant-1, biological yield plant-1 and harvest index by foliar spray. The results indicated that all the varieties gave higher grain yields under foliar spray application method.Progressive Agriculture 28 (4): 287-294, 2017
Short-Run Contexts and Imperfect Testing for Continuous Sampling Plans
Authors: Rodriguez Mirella , Jeske Daniel
Published: April 2018

Continuous sampling plans are used to ensure a high level of quality for items produced in long-run contexts. The basic idea of these plans is to alternate between 100% inspection and a reduced rate of inspection frequency. Any inspected item that is found to be defective is replaced with a non-defective item. Because not all items are inspected, some defective items will escape to the customer. Analytical formulas have been developed that measure both the customer perceived quality and also the level of inspection effort. The analysis of continuous sampling plans does not apply to short-run contexts, where only a finite-size batch of items is to be produced. In this paper, a simulation algorithm is designed and implemented to analyze the customer perceived quality and the level of inspection effort for short-run contexts. A parameter representing the effectiveness of the test used during inspection is introduced to the analysis, and an analytical approximation is discussed. An application of the simulation algorithm that helped answer questions for the U.S. Navy is discussed.
Molecular Cloning and Structure–Function Analysis of a Trypsin Inhibitor from Tartary Buckwheat and Its Application in Combating Phytopathogenic Fungi
Authors: Ruan Jing-jun , Tian Shan-jun , Yan Jun , Chen Hui , Xu Ru-hong , Cheng Jian-ping
Published: April 2018

Host plant protease inhibitors offer resistance to proteases from invading pathogens. Trypsin inhibitors (TIs), in particular, serve as protective agents against insect and pathogen attacks. In this study, we designed a pair of degenerate primers based on highly conserved motifs at the N- and C-termini of the TI from tartary buckwheat (Fagopyrum tataricum; Ft) to clone the central portion. Genomic walking was performed to isolate the 5′ and 3′ flanking regions of FtTI. We demonstrated the successful PCR amplification of a 644 bp portion of FtTI. The full-length DNA of FtTI contains a complete open reading frame of 264 bp, encoding 87 amino acids with a mass of approximately 9.5 kDa. The FtTI protein sequence was 49% identical and 67% similar to potato protease inhibitors. Site-directed mutagenesis identified the residues, Asp67 and Arg68, as crucial for the inhibitory activity of the FtTI. Recombinant and mutant FtTI inhibited both the hyphal growth and spore germination of Alternaria solani. The calculated 50% inhibitory concentrations of FtTI ranged from 5–100 μg mL−1 for spore germination and 1–50 μg mL−1 for fungal growth. Thus, recombinant FtTI may function in host resistance against a variety of fungal plant pathogens.