bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
expected sum of edge lengths in planar linearizations of trees
Authors: Alemany-Puig Lluís , Ferrer-i-Cancho Ramon
Published: February 2024

Dependency trees have proven to be a very successful model to represent the syntactic structure of sentences of human languages. In these structures, vertices are words and edges connect syntacticallydependent words. The tendency of these dependencies to be short has been demonstrated using random baselines for the sum of the lengths of the edges or their variants. A ubiquitous baseline is the expected sum in projective orderings (wherein edges do not cross and the root word of the sentence is not covered by any edge), that can be computed in time O(n). Here we focus on a weaker formal constraint, namely planarity. In the theoretical domain, we present a characterization of planarity that, given a sentence, yields either the number of planar permutations or an efficient algorithm to generate uniformly random planar permutations of the words. We also show the relationship between the expected sum in planar arrangements and the expected sum in projective arrangements. In the domain of applications, we derive a O(n)-time algorithm to calculate the expected value of the sum of edge lengths. We also apply this research to a parallel corpus and find that the gap between actual dependency distance and the random baseline reduces as the strength of the formal constraint on dependency structures increases, suggesting that formal constraints absorb part of the dependency distance minimization effect. Our research paves the way for replicating past research on dependency distance minimization using random planar linearizations as random baseline.
Health literacy strategies: a Caribbean approach
Authors: Herry Arlette
Published: February 2024

Low health literacy is linked to poor health outcomes. Adequate health literacy depends on effective communication between patients and their healthcare providers, so it is important that physicians use health literacy strategies. This review article provides a brief account of the evolution of health literacy which shows a clear need to improve rates worldwide. It also addresses the relationship between the use of health literacy strategies and health outcomes; the physician’s role in health literacy including their implicit biases, training, gender, and region of training; and recommendations to improve policy-making, practice, and education in a Caribbean context. The implications for positive social change include the potential for health literacy training and inclusion in medical school curricula. The provision of health literacy training at all levels of education and practice aid in ensuring physicians are knowledgeable about the health literacy process, able to use strategies that can improve patients’ health literacy, and able to improve patient health outcomes. Recommendations on improving community literacy by engagement and empowerment are also discussed.
Mesenteric cyst in a newborn. A case report
Authors: Matus Iwona , Puziewicz-Krzemienowska Małgorzata , Krzemienowska-Cebulla Aleksandra , Noparlik Magdalena , Dorochowicz Mateusz
Published: February 2024

We present a case report of a 1.5-month-old infant admitted to the Department of Paediatric Surgery on an elective basis in order to diagnose and treat an abdominal lesion identified in ultrasound examination during the prenatal period. Computed tomography with contrast of the abdominal cavity and pelvis showed a large abdominal cyst measuring 11 × 8 × 7 cm. Consequently, the child was referred for surgery. During the procedure, the cyst was completely dissected. Outside the abdominal cavity, it was decompressed from the blood-serous fluid. Intraoperatively, intestinal malrotation and right ovarian agenesis were additionally diagnosed. The material for histopathological examination was handed over in full. Microscopically, mesenteric lymphangioma was diagnosed.
Ocular abnormalities in Mowat–Wilson syndrome – a case series of four patients
Authors: Bator Kaja , Machaj Weronika , Matus Iwona , Szypuła Krystian , Misiuk-Hojło Marta
Published: February 2024

Mowat–Wilson syndrome is a rare genetic disorder. Patients present with characteristic facial dysmorphia, intellectual disability, and disorders of the nervous, circulatory, gastrointestinal, and genitourinary systems. However, in the available literature there are few descriptions of ocular abnormalities, which are a significant problem among children diagnosed with Mowat–Wilson syndrome. This article reports four clinical cases, focusing mainly on the ocular abnormalities that occur during the course of the disease. Even though ophthalmic manifestations, based on the current data, affect less than 10% of patients, if Mowat–Wilson syndrome is suspected or diagnosed, the child should be referred to a medical centre with the highest level of referral for full diagnostics and implementation of specialised treatment.
Gastronomic Irony
Authors: Weinreich Spencer J
Published: February 2024

The author coins the term ‘gastronomic irony’, a cousin of dramatic irony, to describe the predicament of the diner who eats in ignorance of the (untoward) truth of the menu and looks at this narrative and dramatic device in literature from the ancient world to contemporary popular culture and relates it to anthropological theories regarding pollution and food ethics.
Liz Copas and Nick Poole: The Lost Orchards - Rediscovering the forgotten cider apples of Dorset
Authors: Crowden James
Published: February 2024

Liz Copas and Nick Poole: The Lost Orchards - Rediscovering the forgotten cider apples of Dorset: Little Toller Books, 2022: 204 pp., paperback, £18:00.
Types of the nasal septum deviations and their influence on the state of mucociliary clearance of the nasal cavity in patients with postnasal obstruction syndrome
Authors: Didkovskiy Viaheslav , Shevchuk Yuriy , Konovalov Serhii
Published: February 2024

The flow of nasal secretions into the pharynx and larynx manifests itself differently throughout the day. At night, this mucus flows into the larynx, irritates reflexogenic zones and causes coughing, and during the day these complaints are less noticeable, due to involuntary swallowing of secretions. We hypothesized that different types of nasal septum deviations may affect mucociliary clearance and, as a result, lead to postnasal drip syndrome. However, we did not find any studies in the literature that examined the effect of types of nasal septum deviation (NSD) on mucociliary clearance (MCC). Therefore, in our study, we evaluated the effect of the types of nasal septum deviations on MCC.
The aim of the study. To investigate the activity of mucociliary clearance of the mucous membrane of the nasal cavity in patients with different types of NSD.
Materials and methods. 100 patients were investigated. All patients underwent an endoscopic examination of the nasal cavity, a ST scan of the nasal cavity, and a saccharin test.
The results. The analysis made it possible to reveal that in most patients with type 2 deviation of the nasal septum with the presence of a unilateral caudal ridge, which cuts into the middle turbinate, there is PNDS. At the same time, while the average ST time of the concave side of the nasal mucosa in patients with type 1 was almost unchanged, it was significantly longer in patients with type 2 (P=0,02). Therefore, in this study, the ST indicator in min. was longer on the concave side of the nasal cavity than on the convex side.
Conclusions. Our research has shown that nasal septum deviation reduces nasal mucociliary activity, and this effect can be easily assessed using the saccharin test. According to our observations and research results, it was the 2nd and 3rd types of deviation that significantly disturbed the architecture of the nasal cavity, due to the presence of contralateral vertical deviation of the nasal septum, contralateral hyperplasia of the nasal turbinates, and contralateral conchobulosis. And, as a result, led to a decrease in mucociliary clearance
Indigidata Aotearoa - Post-Event Summary Report 2023
Authors:   Te Kotahi Research Institute
Published: February 2024

From the 21st to the 24th of August, the inaugural Indigidata Aotearoa 2023 was held at Te Whare Wānanga o Waikato. In recent years there has been significant advances in the fields of Indigenous data science and sovereignty. The Indigidata Aotearoa programme was designed to develop an understanding of Indigenous data science and sovereignty alongside some of the best researchers in Aotearoa New Zealand. The fully funded wānanga was open to Māori (tauira, kaitiaki, kaipakihi) participants from across Aotearoa. Applications were received from more than 35 respondents, and 23 tauira Māori attended the inaugural event.
Tratado de especialidades mèdicas: Segunda Ediciòn
Authors:   Hospital de Especialidades Teodoro Maldonado Carbo, Moscoso Vega Edison Danilo , Calderòn Reza Calderòn Reza ,   Ministerio de Salud Pùblica, Direcciòn Distrital 09D08
Published: February 2024

La presente publicación médica, trata diversas patologías clínico quirúrgicas, que ayudarán a los profesionales y estudiantes salubristas a guiarse de manera sencilla, aplicando de una forma práctica los diversos saberes y experiencia aquí compilados.
FEATURES OF TEACHING THE COURSE OF INFORMATICS AT HIGHER SCHOOL
Authors:   Kyrgyz National University named after J. Balasagyn, Abykaly kyzy Aiperi
Published: February 2024

The article is devoted to the disclosure of the meaning, relevance and regularity of studying the course of computer science in higher education. It provides information about the knowledge, skills that students must master, methods and means of teaching computer science. As a result of studying the computer science course, students have the skills to analyze information obtained from the Internet and other sources, the ability to work with information, analyze and use it. At the same time, they will learn to work with a unit of information to measure them. The article also provides information on the state of teaching computer science, questions about finding ways to ensure their effectiveness.
SOME CHARACTERISTICS OF THE CONCEPT "COMPETENCE"
Authors:   Regional Institute of Education, Barpybaev Turdumambet , Toktomambetova Jamilyakan ,   Regional Institute of Education
Published: February 2024

The main goal of vocational education is to train a specialist of the appropriate profile and level, as well as competent, socially and professionally mobile, capable of constantly and rapidly increasing their level in the conditions of labor market competition. Analysis of the literature on the problems of the competence-based approach determines not only the definition of the concept of the content of competencies in the educational system, but also the issues of assessing the formation of competencies. This task is relevant not only in the implementation of the main educational program of the university, but also at the stage of final state certification of graduates and was not solved by researchers unilaterally. The article explores the issues of the essence of the content and definition of competencies and the constituent aspects of competencies, such as ability and training.
DEVELOPMENT OF ETHNOCULTURAL COMPETENCE OF STUDENTS
Authors:   Kyrgyz State Academy of Physical Culture and Sports, Karagozueva Gulzada
Published: February 2024

In the article, almost all of our ethnocultural heritages contain ideas aimed at fostering ethnocultural competence. During the teaching younger generation, it is necessary to use ethnopedagogical folk tradition sources, practice the lessons of the history. The basis of love motherland, respect, wisdom, faith, morality, ethics, aesthetics is a significant sign of ethnoculture. Professional competence and culture of the future teacher in the learning process. Since folk oral works, customs, and customs were morals, his immediate goal was to educate the ethnocultural people, especially the younger generation. in higher education institutions, it is planned to improve the activities aimed at improving students ' knowledge on the basis of ethnocultural competence.
KYRGYZ-RUSSIAN RELATIONS IN THE FIELD OF HIGHER EDUCATION: STATE AND PROSPECTS
Authors:   Bishkek State University named after K. Karasaev, Musaev Abdylda
Published: February 2024

The author made this report at the forum of rectors of Kyrgyzstan and Russia and is devoted to the analysis of successful cooperation between universities of our Republic and the Russian Federation. In this article, the author focuses on the most key areas of cooperation in the higher education system of both countries. In particular, the academic mobility of students and teachers has been actively developing recently, and research works are being conducted on the most popular problems in science and education. The author made a number of proposals for improving the relationship of higher education systems and continuing to strengthen friendship and cooperation through education.
FEATURES OF SOCIAL WORK IN A DEMOCRATIC SOCIETY
Authors:   Bishkek State University named after K. Karasaev, Matkarimov Murat
Published: February 2024

The main purpose of the article is to identify and substantiate the specifics of social policy in a democracy. It is shown that ideally a democratic society is the most favorable environment for the maximum satisfaction of the social needs of citizens. It has been revealed that the greatest difficulty for an effective social policy in a democratic society due to its non-market nature is the market principle itself, which is based on competition. It is proved that social policy in a democratic context is a guarantee of freedoms, rights, services, consideration of statuses, and protection of layers and groups of the population. It is proved that a number of types of social support and assistance to the population in the first decade of the post-Soviet development of Kyrgyzstan can only be realized by the state in the framework of political and social democracy.
Case Study on a Revised Career Fair at a Medical School Based on the Career Planning Process Model
Authors: Lee So-young , Kim Jeong Lan , Kweon Kukju
Published: February 2024

Medical students’ career choices hold significant importance at both individual and national levels. Therefore, Chungnam National University College of Medicine aimed to systematize its revised career fair in 2022, basing its efforts on a career planning process model. Chungnam National University College of Medicine sought to formalize the design process by utilizing the ADDIE model (analysis design, development, implementation, evaluation model) in developing programs for the career fair program. Throughout the entire process, the student support center and student council actively collaborated, striving to incorporate students’ requests and opinions. They designed and developed a program for all stages of the career planning process. However, a new stage (“review & reflection”) was added to the existing 4-phase model, creating a transformed framework where this stage interacts with the original 4 phases. Each stage involved portfolios, career aptitude tests, career-related lectures, posters with introductory information about majors, and booths for each major. The revised career fair attracted double the expected participants (N=589). The program evaluation survey showed overall positive responses (N=135). Additionally, some factors in the Specialty Indecision Scale showed significant differences between before and after the career fair. The success of the newly developed career fair at Chungnam National University College of Medicine can be attributed to its systematic framework and the active involvement of students throughout the process. However, for aspects with long-term implications, such as “understand yourself” and “choose your specialty,” there may be a need for supplementary programs.
Career Path Education System at the College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea
Authors: Yoo Dong-Mi , Kang Wha Sun
Published: February 2024

This study examines a systematic and effective approach to career guidance in medical education, with a particular focus on the 6-year integrated career guidance education framework implemented at the College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea. Based on the “New SLICE” educational development principles, this framework comprehensively addresses the needs of medical students in career planning and development. It is structured into three phases: understanding yourself, exploring options, and choosing a specialty. The first phase, understanding yourself, helps students to recognize their strengths, weaknesses, aptitudes, and potentials, thereby setting the direction for future career choices. This phase includes various psychological tests and Self-Development and Portfolio courses. The second phase, exploring options, enables students to engage in related activities such as research and practical training, providing direct and indirect experiences across various fields. This phase offers courses including Medical Field Experience, Career Guidance through the Learning Community & Advisory Professors, and Student Participation in Professor Research Projects. The final phase, choosing a specialty, involves students making decisions based on in-depth self-assessment and exploration of majors, with a capstone project being a significant component. Maximizing the efficiency of career decision-making requires integration between the basic medical curriculum and postgraduate education. Including the period up to residency entrance in the framework is necessary for effective career guidance education.
Career Guidance to Help Medical School Students Choose a Specialty after Graduation
Authors: Lee Sun Woo
Published: February 2024

The author recommends the creation of a nationwide career guidance program at the national level through the establishment of a long-term cohort, involving collaboration among medical schools nationwide. This cohort would be constructed for the purpose of analyzing correlations from admission to medical school to post-graduate education, facilitating the development of a career guidance program. This will aid in career development through students' self-analysis and competency building. Each medical school should operate a systematic career guidance program. Career guidance for post-graduate major selection should be included in the regular curriculum. Schools are advised to operate student counseling rooms for various career guidance services. For example, medical schools can operate 1:1 career counseling, academic counseling, career guidance surveys, psychological tests, and counseling. It is advisable to establish a mentor-professor system, connect mentor professors, and build a network of experts related to majors to provide immediate support according to students' needs. Professional mentor training should be provided to mentor professors. To provide opportunities for students to experience their career paths in advance, early clinical exposure, long-term integrated clinical practice, community-based clinical practice, participation in student research programs, career fairs, and student internship programs are recommended. In South Korea, it is necessary to systematically operate the internship system and make improvements to facilitate optical career choices. Additionally, considering the significant influence of social factors on students' career choices in South Korea, efforts should be made to identify and address the issues related to these social factors.
The Provisions of Learning Experiences in the Early Childhood Development Centers against the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Jirarattanawanna Ninlapa , Vattanaamorn Sukon , Kwalamthan Wattanachai
Published: February 2024

This study aimed to explore the provision of learning experiences for early childhood development at Childhood Development Centers (CDCs) during the Covid-19 pandemic, focusing on the "what" and "how" aspects. Data were collected from 57 participants through in-depth interviews and group interviews involving parents of young children, teachers/caregivers at CDCs, community leaders and committees, as well as relevant government agencies in two areas of Thailand. Content analysis was utilized to analyze the qualitative data gathered between July and November 2020. The findings revealed that CDCs employed various forms of capital, including: human, group and network, local wisdom, organizational, financial, and natural resources, to adhere to the National Childhood Development Center Standards. CDCs provided three distinct patterns of learning experiences for children: 1) Community participation within the local area, involving parents and networks associated with CDCs. 2) Enhancement of systems and mechanisms for collaboration with early childhood development among government, private sectors, and academic sectors at the district level. 3) Promotion of health and wellness among early childhood during the Covid-19 pandemic through encouraging child development, improving nutrition, and preventing the spread of Covid-19.
A 3D Spherical ETAS Model: A Case Study in the Alaska-Aleutian Region
Authors: Li Yongbo , Zhuang Jiancang , Chen Shi , Guo Yicun , Xiong Ziyao
Published: February 2024

This study proposes a hypocentral version of the spherical epidemic-type aftershock sequence (ETAS) model by incorporating hypocentral depth information into the spherical ETAS model and applies it to earthquake data from the Alaska-Aleutian area. We validate the model using the stochastic reconstruction techniques and illustrate the rationale behind selecting the spatial probability density function. Subsequently, we estimate the 3D spatial variations of the background and offspring seismicity in the study region, revealing that the majority of clusters are located in shallow regions. We also identify an apparent temporal change in the background seismicity caused by artificial effects. Compared with the 3D-ETAS and spherical version of the epidemic-type aftershock sequence (SETAS) models, the new 3D-SETAS model provides a better description of 3D seismicity in high-latitude regions globally.
Investigação Parasitológica de Hortaliças e Microbiológica de Água de Irrigação Oriundas de Hortas Comunitárias em Londrina, Paraná
Authors: Miasato Pimont Nathalia , Alves Santomauro Rafael , De Abreu Pianta Carolina , Menegon Castilho Pablo , Neves Viana João Gabriel , Carolina Silva Boscolo Giovanna , Santos Balbino Letícia , Izidoro Lucas Juliana , Ticiani Pereira Paschoal Aline , Teodorico Navarro Italmar , Mitsuka-Breganó Regina , Pinto-Ferreira Fernanda
Published: February 2024

As hortaliças são potenciais vias de transmissão de patógenos de importância em saúde pública, sendo que a contaminação está frequentemente relacionada às condições higiênico-sanitárias das hortas, assim como dos reservatórios de água. Dessa forma, o objetivo do estudo foi analisar a presença de parasitos em vegetais e, Escherichia coli em amostras de água de irrigação oriundas de hortas comunitárias, localizadas próximas a fundos de vale e praças públicas, no Município de Londrina, Paraná. O experimento ocorreu entre os anos de 2019 e 2020. Para análise parasitológica, as amostras de hortaliças folhosas foram processadas para concentração e posteriormente processadas e analisadas por exames parasitológicos, sendo o teste de Hoffman, Faust e Willis. Para análise microbiológica, foram coletadas nove amostras de água de irrigação, em recipientes estéreis e utilizou-se o Kit Colilert para detecção de Escherichia coli. Ao todo foram coletadas 18 amostras de hortaliças e nove de água. Quanto às amostras de água, foram constatadas as presenças de Escherichia coli e coliformes totais em 66.7% (6/9) das amostras coletadas. Nas amostras de hortaliças, foram identificadas parasitos dos gêneros Ascaris, Ancylostoma e Entamoeba, demonstrando que há contaminação de hortaliças provenientes de hortas comunitárias e da água de mina, utilizada na irrigação.
Palavras-chave: Contaminação. Água. Saúde Pública. Parasitos. Vegetais Folhosos.
AbstractVegetables are potential transmission routes for pathogens that are important to public health. The incidence of pathogenic contamination is often related to hygiene, sanitary conditions, as well as the quality of the reservoir water used in vegetable gardens. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the presence of parasites in vegetables samples from community gardens, and the presence of Escherichia coli in the irrigation water samples. These gardens are located near valley bottoms and public squares in the city of Londrina, Paraná, Brazil. During the period of 2019 and 2020, 18 leafy vegetables samples were processed for concentration and later for parasitological analysis, being the test of Hoffman, Faust and Willis. For microbiological analysis, nine samples of irrigation water were collected in sterile containers, and the Colilert Kit was used to detect E. coli which was present in 66,7% of samples. The vegetable samples had parasites from the genera Ascaris, Ancylostoma, and Entamoeba,. demonstrating the contamination of both the vegetables from community gardens and the mine water used for irrigation.
Keywords: Contamination. Water. Public Health. Parasites. Leafy Vegetables.
Design of an Optimal Fractional Complex Order PID Controller for Buck Converter
Authors: Warrier Preeti , Shah Pritesh
Published: February 2024

Dynamic and robust controllers are the inherent requirement of power electronic converters, which are subjected to dynamic variations and nonlinearities. The effectiveness of fractional order controllers in non-linear system control has been well-established by studies in the past few decades. Various forms of fractional order controllers have been used in power-electronic control. Recent research indicates that complex order controllers, extensions of fractional controllers, are more robust against uncertainties and non-linearities than their integer and fractional order counterparts. Though complex order controllers have been employed in various nonlinear plants, they have not been extensively tested on power electronic applications. Also, the design and tuning of the controller is difficult. This paper investigates the effectiveness of a complex order PID controller on a typical power electronic DC-DC buck converter for the first time. Two types of complex order controllers of the form PI^{a+ib}D^c and PI^{a+ib}D^{c+id} were designed for a power electronic buck converter. The complex order controllers were implemented in Simulink and the optimal tuning of the complex order controller parameters for various performance indices was performed using different optimization algorithms. The Cohort Intelligence algorithm was found to give the most optimal results. Both the complex controllers showed more robustness towards uncertainties than the linear and fractional PID controllers. The PI^{a+ib}D^c controller gave the smoothest and fastest response under non-linearities. The dynamic performance of the complex order controller is the best and can be expected to be useful for more power electronic applications.
Energy Consumption Minimization for Autonomous Mobile Robot: A Convex Approximation Approach
Authors: Van Nguyen Thi Thanh , Tien Ngo Manh , Luong Nguyen Cong , Duyen Ha Thi Kim
Published: February 2024

In this paper, we consider a trajectory design problem of an autonomous mobile robot working in industrial environments. In particular, we formulate an optimization problem that jointly determines the trajectory of the robot and the time step duration to minimize the energy consumption without obstacle collisions. We consider both static and moving obstacles scenarios. The optimization problems are nonconvex, and the main contribution of this work proposing successive convex approximation (SCA) algorithms to solve the nonconvex problems with the presence of both static and moving obstacles. In particular, we first consider the optimization problem in the scenario with static obstacles and then consider the optimization problem in the scenario with static and moving obstacles. Then, we propose two SCA algorithms to solve the nonconvex optimization problems in both the scenarios. Simulation results clearly show that the proposed algorithms outperform the A* algorithm, in terms of energy consumption. This shows the effectiveness of the proposed algorithms.
An Ultra Fast Semantic Segmentation Model for AMR’s Path Planning
Authors: Tran Hoai-Linh , Dang Thai-Viet
Published: February 2024

Computer vision plays a significant role in mobile robot navigation due to the abundance of information extracted from digital images. On the basis of the captured images, mobile robots determine their location and proceed to the desired destination. Obstacle avoidance still requires a complex sensor system with a high computational efficiency requirement due to the complexity of the environment. This research provides a real-time solution to the issue of extracting corridor scenes from a single image. Using an ultra-fast semantic segmentation model to reduce the number of training parameters and the cost of computation. In addition, the mean Intersection over Union (mIoU) is 89%, and the high accuracy is 95%. To demonstrate the viability of the prosed method, the simulation results are contrasted to those of contemporary techniques. Finally, the authors employ the segmented image to construct the frontal view of the mobile robot in order to determine the available free areas for mobile robot path planning tasks.
Adaptive Single-Input Recurrent WCMAC-Based Supervisory Control for De-icing Robot Manipulator
Authors: Ngo Thanh Quyen , Le Tong Tan Hoa , Lam Binh Minh , Pham Trung Kien
Published: February 2024

The control of any robotic system always faces many great challenges in theory and practice. Because between theory and reality, there is always a huge difference in the uncertainty components in the system. That leads to the accuracy and stability of the system not being guaranteed with the set requirements. This paper presents a novel adaptive single-input recurrent wavelet differentiable cerebellar model articulation controller (S-RWCMAC)-based supervisory control system for an m-link robot manipulator to achieve precision trajectory tracking. This adaptive S-RWCMAC-based supervisory control system consists of a main adaptive S-RWCMAC, a supervisory controller, and an adaptive robust controller. The S-RWCMAC incorporates the advantages of the wavelet decomposition property with a CMAC fast learning ability, dynamic response, and input space dimension of RWCMAC can be simplified; and it is used to control the plant. The supervisory controller is appended to the adaptive S-RWCMAC to force the system states within a predefined constraint set and the adaptive robust controller is developed to dispel the effect of the approximate error. In this scheme, if the adaptive S-RWCMAC can not maintain the system states within the constraint set. Then, the supervisory controller will work to pull the states back to the constraint set and otherwise is idle. The online tuning laws of S-RWCMAC and the robust controller parameters are derived from the gradient-descent learning method and Lyapunov function so that the stability of the system can be guaranteed. The simulation and experimental results of the novel three-link De-icing robot manipulator are provided to verify the effectiveness of the proposed control methodology. The results indicate that the proposed model has superior accuracy compared to that of the Standalone CMAC Controller. The parameters of the average squared error in the S-RWCMAC -based 3 robot joints are lower than those of the Standalone CMAC Controller by 0.023%, 0.029%, and 0.032%, respectively.
A Secured, Multilevel Face Recognition based on Head Pose Estimation, MTCNN and FaceNet
Authors: Dang Thai-Viet , Tran Hoai-Linh
Published: February 2024

Artificial Intelligence and IoT have always attracted a lot of attention from scholars and researchers because of their high applicability, which make them a typical technology of the Fourth Industrial Revolution. The hallmark of AI is its self-learning ability, which enables computers to predict and analyze complex data such as bio data (fingerprints, irises, and faces), voice recognition, text processing. Among those application, the face recognition is under intense research due to the demand in users’ identification. This paper proposes a new, secured, two-step solution for an identification system that uses MTCNN and FaceNet networks enhanced with head pose estimation of the users. The model's accuracy ranges from 92% to 95%, which make it competitive with recent research to demonstrate the system's usability.
Synthesis of LQR Controller Based on BAT Algorithm for Furuta Pendulum Stabilization
Authors: Chiem Nguyen Xuan , Thang Le Tran
Published: February 2024

In this study, a controller design method based on the LQR method and BAT algorithm is presented for the Furuta pendulum stabilization system. Determine the LQR controller, it is often based on the designer's experience or using trial and error to find the Q, R matrices. The BAT search algorithm is based on the characteristics of the bat population in the wild. However, there are advantages to finding multivariate objective functions. The BAT algorithm has an improvement for the LQR controller to optimize the linear square function with fast response time, low energy consumption, overshoot, and a small number of oscillations. Swarm optimization algorithms have advantages in finding global extrema of multivariate functions. Therefore, with a large number of elements of the Q and R matrices, they can also be quickly found and these matrices still satisfy the Riccati equation. The controller with optimal parameters is verified through simulation results with different scenarios. The performance of the proposed controller is compared with a conventional LQR controller and implemented on a real system.
Association of methylene tetrahydrofolate reductase gene mutation in unexplained recurrent pregnancy loss
Authors: Sultana Masuda , Banu Ferdous Ara , Chowdhury Sanjukta , Bul-Bul Surayea , Parveen Tabassum , Begum Firoza
Published: February 2024

Background: Recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) without apparent causative factor which may be identified in about 50% of cases known as unexplained recurrent pregnancy loss. RPL is very distressing and can be heartbreaking for the couple. Among the many causes of RPL Methylene Tetrahydrofolate Reductase (MTHFR) gene mutation have been postulated as a possible cause. Aim of the study was to assess the association of methylene tetrahydrofolate reductase gene mutation (C677T and A1298C) in unexplained recurrent pregnancy loss.
Methods: This was a case-control study conducted at the Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka, Bangladesh from May 2020 to April 2021. A total of 34 patients with unexplained recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) and 34 age and BMI-matched controls were selected as study subjects. Data was analyzed using SPSS software, version 22.0.
Results: The frequency of heterozygous mutant genotype of MTHFR C677T and A1298C was statistically significantly higher in the case group than the control (38.2% vs 5.9%, p=0.001 and 55.9% vs 11.8%, p=0.000 respectively). No homozygous mutation for MTHFR C677T and only 1 for A1298C in the case group was found. The mutant T allele for MTHFR C677T and Mutant C allele for A1298C were found more frequently in cases compared to the controls (19.1% vs. 2.9% and 30.9% vs. 5.9%). Both the differences were statistically significant (p=0.003 and 0.000 respectively). Compound heterozygous mutant genotype CT/AC was found in 20.6% of RPL patients and not was found in the control.
Conclusions: MTHFR C677T and A1298C mutations pose a risk for unexplained recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL). Individuals with these mutations and a history of recurrent pregnancy loss may benefit from tailored management strategies, including low dose aspirin and low molecular weight heparin, to address potential risks.
Unraveling the enigma of preterm birth: maternal factors, interventions, and neonatal implications
Authors: Thakkar Chhalak Mukundchandra , Kapadia Lalit D. , Patel Arti J.
Published: February 2024

Background: Preterm birth is a substantial global health issue with significant consequences to the newborn, family and society. Preterm deliveries affects nearly 15 million births worldwide.
Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study, conducted in a tertiary healthcare center on 100 preterm births. The data used, was of a period of 6 months in 2023.
Results: The incidence of preterm was found to be 100 out of 791 live births (12.4%). Among which majority, (64%), fell into the moderate to late preterm range and with 40% falling within the 21-25 age group .While 41% had less than four antenatal care visits. Among the identified risk factors in the preterm births, high blood pressure and anemia were prevalent medical disorders, affecting 20 and 36 of cases, respectively. In obstetrical factors, 24 were attributed to multiple gestations. Lower socioeconomic status was a significant contributing factor, affecting 55 of the studied population. NICU admission ranged from short stays of 1-3 days (34%) to more extended durations, with 18% requiring care for 10-21 days and tocolytics were employed in 27 cases, with a notable 66.60% instances demonstrating effectiveness in preventing preterm birth.
Conclusions: In this study, we found high incidence of preterm birth (12.4%). Various socio-demographic, obstetric and neonatal risk factors were associated with preterm birth. Risk factor anticipation and timely interventions will help in the reduction of preterm births and associated mortalities.
Minimally invasive surgery in women with endometrial cancer on haemodialysis: a tertiary centre experience
Authors: Tan Y. H. , Siew Shayna J. Y. , Yap Jeannie J. Y. , Ravichandran N.
Published: February 2024

The aim of the case series was to determine if minimally invasive approach to cancer staging is safe and feasible for patients on haemodialysis. We looked at patients on haemodialysis with endometrial cancer who underwent minimally invasive hysterectomy bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy with pelvic lymph node dissection performed by the Gynaecological Oncology unit at Singapore General Hospital from 2016 to 2020. Their demographics, operative details, oncological outcomes, and any post-operative complications were recorded. A total of 16 haemodialysis patients undergoing either laparoscopic or robotic endometrial cancer staging were selected.  In our case series, mean duration of surgery was 173 minutes. Mean post-operative high dependency unit stay was 1 day with mean total length of hospitalisation of 5 days. All patients were ambulant at 24 hours post-surgery with pain scores peaking at 2 out of 10 at 6 hours post-surgery, and declining to 0 at 12 hours post-surgery. None of the patients experienced post-operative fluid dysfunction, electrolyte imbalance, sepsis, venous thromboembolism, cardiovascular or wound related complications. We conclude that minimally invasive surgical techniques is a safe and viable approach to endometrial cancer staging for patients on haemodialysis. Further refinement and streamlining of various strategies in the pre-, intra-, and post-operative period can further improve patient outcomes and quality of care.
Acute fatty liver of pregnancy: cases series and review of the literature
Authors: Hamdoun Sara , Serhane Salim , Moustaide Houda , Benkirane Saad
Published: February 2024

Acute fatty liver of pregnancy (AFLP) is a condition that occurs during the third trimester of pregnancy, typically manifesting around 36 weeks of gestation. It represents a critical obstetric emergency with considerable neonatal mortality. To manage AFLP disease, a multidisciplinary approach is essential which helps meaningfully in the improvement of its prognosis during the post-partum period. Historically, it was considered a fatal disease for both mother and fetus. Nowadays, the prognosis is improved by rapid diagnosis, early delivery and administration of treatment. We reported three cases of Moroccan women diagnosed with AFLP in our hospital who received a multi-disciplinary care with good prognosis. The first and third parturient gave birth by vaginal delivery and the second one by caesarean section.
Atypical presentation of breast tuberculosis: a case report
Authors: Mounir Moukit , Chennana Adil , Rahmoune Mohammed , Allilou Ismail , Babahabib Abdellah
Published: February 2024

Breast tuberculosis is a rare disease even in endemic regions. It often presents in young females as a breast lump and is confused with other benign and malignant lesions. We presented a case of 47-year-old woman, initially diagnosed with a breast carcinoma based on clinical examination and radiological imaging. However, breast biopsy with histopathological analysis revealed breast tuberculosis. Anti-tubercular chemotherapy was used during six months with good evolution. Given low specificity of clinical and radiological findings of mammary tuberculosis, histopathological study of any breast nodule is mandatory to exclude this rare entity and avoid unnecessary surgical procedure.
An unexpected case of ectopic pregnancy of the mesosalpinx
Authors: Siew Jia Yun Shayna , Liu Jia Yi , Goh Siak Ming
Published: February 2024

1.3% of ectopic pregnancies occur in the abdominal cavity and these have 7.7 times higher mortality rates than tubal pregnancies. We presented a case who came at 5 weeks of amenorrhea with lower abdominal pain, vomiting, and vaginal bleeding. Ultrasound imaging showed a heterogenous vascular solid-cystic adnexal structure with hemoperitoneum. She underwent an emergency diagnostic laparoscopy. Intra-operatively, pregnancy was noted to be sited at the left proximal mesosalpinx. Ectopic pregnancy was removed through the ruptured point and the defect was stitched to restore anatomy and secure hemostasis. Risk factors, clinical presentation, and treatment of abdominal pregnancies are similar to that of any ectopic pregnancy. It is not unusual for diagnosis to be made only intra-operatively as in our case. The patient was offered a diagnostic laparoscopy due to a presumptive diagnosis of tubal pregnancy. As conception was early, completion resection was achieved. Abdominal pregnancy is uncommon and challenging to diagnose, therefore requires a high index of suspicion. Surgery is the mainstay treatment.
Ovarian teratoma induced encephalitis-an ignited brain in the pelvis
Authors: Ahmad Bushra , Reetika  , Chaudhary Naima , Mittal Gaurav
Published: February 2024

Ovarian teratomas, are common benign ovarian germ cell tumours that can yield diverse manifestations. Rarely they are associated with anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) encephalitis, a serious, frequently overlooked pathology affecting young women. It is characterized by neuropsychiatric symptoms, seizures, involuntary movements, rapidly progressing to unresponsiveness and coma. Discerning the gynaecological origin of this neurological condition, especially in young women, followed by timely treatment, can significantly improve patient outcomes. We present a case of anti-NMDR encephalitis associated with ovarian teratoma in a 19-year-old female. The patient was successfully managed via ovarian cystectomy and immunomodulatory therapy. A multidisciplinary strategy remains pivotal in managing such cases.
Giant juvenile fibroadenoma of the breast: a case report
Authors: Moukit Mounir , Rahmoune Mohammed , Allilou Ismail , Babahabib Abdellah
Published: February 2024

Giant juvenile fibroadenoma is a rare benign breast entity. The clinical presentation can be dramatic mimicking malignancy. Meticulous surgical management is mandatory to ensure a fine balance between adequate tumor resection and the best cosmetic outcome for the mammary gland. We report a case of a 13-year-old girl who presented to our department with a 20×18 cm mass on her left breast. Imaging and histopathological investigations were suggestive of juvenile fibroadenoma. Conservative surgery was performed with good cosmetic results. Giant fibroadenoma must be considered in any adolescent female with a rapidly growing breast mass. Simple surgical excision is recommended to allow normal breast tissue to grow.
Scrub typhus masquerading as puerperal sepsis
Authors: Singh Anju , Khastgir Gaurav , Saha Pradip Kumar , Bagga Rashmi , Suri Vikas
Published: February 2024

Scrub typhus is a zoonotically transmitted febrile illness caused by Orientia tsutsugamushi and transmitted by the larval stage of the leptotrombiculid mite. It is the most common rickettsial illness worldwide and has re-emerged as a major cause of Acute Undiffrentiated Febrile Illness (AUFI). It has a varied presentation ranging from a mild self-limiting illness to a life threatening condition with multi organ failure in 35 to 50% cases. Acute onset fever with pain abdomen, rashes, lymphadenopathy and eschars are the usual manifestations. The presentation, however, may be varied in pregnancy and the postpartum period due to altered immunological response of the body. A 33 year old lady presented on day 13 post-partum with high grade fever and hypotensive shock. An initial diagnosis of puerperal sepsis was made and empirical antibiotics started. Due to persistent high grade fever, with fluid refractory hypotension, a complete septic work up including Scrub typhus serology was sent which was found to be positive. Injection doxycycline was added to the treatment regimen following which the fever and rashes subsided and general condition improved.
Unmasking the mimic: when sepsis disguises as dengue shock syndrome
Authors: Yadav Anita , Kamath Anusha , Gangane Neha , Choudhary Amruta Abhijit , Prakash Avinash
Published: February 2024

This case report delves into the diagnostic challenges faced when differentiating between sepsis and dengue shock syndrome (DSS), particularly in regions where both are endemic. A 23-year-old female initially diagnosed with DSS presented with fever, thrombocytopenia, and multi-organ dysfunction. Despite aggressive DSS management, the patient's condition worsened, prompting further investigation. Blood cultures eventually revealed Klebsiella pneumoniae, leading to a shift in diagnosis to sepsis. This case underscores the importance of comprehensive diagnostic evaluation, which included blood cultures, serological tests, and imaging. Prompt initiation of targeted antibiotics and comprehensive critical care resulted in significant improvement, highlighting the critical role of early recognition and intervention in optimizing outcomes. The complexities in distinguishing between sepsis and DSS underscore the need for continuous vigilance and a thorough diagnostic approach in similar clinical scenarios.
A comprehensive review on prevalence and its adverse outcome of Chlamydia trachomatis on female genital tract
Authors: Bambani Taniqsha , Srivastava Ananya , Saif Sahina , Kedia Noopur
Published: February 2024

One of the most prevalent bacterial infections acquired through sexual contact is Chlamydia trachomatis. The age group of 16-19 years old (young sexually active individuals) is where females are most susceptible to contracting this virus. Most of the time they are asymptomatic, but if they are not treated, they might have serious side effects including pelvic inflammatory disease (PID). Chylamdia can be diagnosed using a variety of diagnostic methods; however, recent groundbreaking research using NAAT has made the diagnosis and treatment of the condition two times simpler. Key words such as ‘chlamydia,’ ‘pelvic inflammatory disease’ ‘cervicitis,’ ‘sexually transmitted infection,’ ‘vaginal discharge’ were used in a systematic search of the electronic databases PubMed, Embase, LitCovid, MedRxiv, BioRxiv, Google Scholar, EBSCO MEDLINE, CINAHL, and Scopus to find studies published between January 2009 and December 2023. Overall, this review helps to clarify the effects of Chylamdia on the female reproductive system, which in turn helps to clarify some of the problems and basic care associated with it. In general, the review's goal is to shield the public from serious health problems and make them more equipped to deal with them in case they acquire them.