bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Neo-Imperialism and the Precarious Existence of Vietnamese Factory Workers During the Covid-19 Lockdowns in 2021
Authors: McNall Scott , Dang Ly
Published: November 2022

Based on interviews with Vietnamese factory workers we discuss the impact Covid lockdowns had on their lives and illuminate how fragile their economic circumstances are in general. Both the government and major international corporations, such as Samsung and Nike, took extraordinary steps to keep workers on factory floors when covid infections started spreading in 2020. The government and businesses pressed laborers to work, sleep, and eat in their factories to stop the spread of the virus and to keep production lines moving. There was a determined push to get people vaccinated. It wasn’t just the Vietnamese government that tried to get jabs in arms; ninety U.S. corporate executives urged the U.S. government to speed vaccine delivery to the country. Japanese, South Korean, and other Southeast Asian companies located in Vietnam also joined in these efforts. The purported reason was that supply chains had been disrupted by covid and exporters feared they would not have products on the shelves for the coming holiday season. We argue that focusing on supply chain disruptions obscures the fact that what is being transferred between developing countries and those in the core is not just television sets and tennis shoes but human labor power. It is a form of economic imperialism in which countries no longer conquer another nation to extract wealth but operate through international corporations unfettered by ties to any specific country. The Vietnamese government offers international corporations significant tax breaks and other benefits to set up shop in industrial zones. Their profit margins are high and come at the expense of workers, who must work overtime and enlist other family members in their labor force to survive. We conclude by identifying actions the Vietnamese government could take to alleviate the plight of factory workers.
THE IMPACT OF WEIGHT GAIN OG SHEEP IN NON-REPRODUCTIVE PERIOD ON REPRODUCTIVE QUALITIES
Authors: Pomitun Ivan , Kosova Nadezhda , Pankiv Lyubov , Bezvesilna Alla
Published: November 2022

Studies were undertaken in the breeding facility of the Іnstitute of Animal Science NAAS "Gontarovka” on sheep 3-8 years of age of the Kharkiv type of breed of Merinos precoce. For this purpose, (early May 2020) the indexes of living mass were certain on electronic scales within 0.1 kg Whereupon animals were contained during May - September at the camp-pascual system with the additional fertilizing by grain of oat for 0.5 kg/ in a day and by a pasture on a natural pasture. Before the artificial insemination living mass of animals and their general increase was also certain for a period of preparation for the new cycle of reproduction, and after lambing their fecundity, the living mass of lambs, was taken into account at birth, in 20 - and 90-day's age. It is set that the living mass of sheep that in a next reproduction campaign bore lone persons increased for an unreproductive period by 19.8%, at giving birth twins this index grew by 22.2%, and for animals, giving triplet birth increased by 28.2%. Here living mass of sheep, that in a subsequent period had twins and triplets in an initial period of account felt strongly anymore about animals lambed individually on 6.1-7.3%. Thus, the difference between the first and second groups of uteruses appeared high-credible (р<0.001). At the end of the registration period difference on behalf of sheep 2 and 3 groups against the first group increased accordingly to 9.3% (р<0.001) and 13.5% (р<0.05). The average daily increases of lambs for the period from their birth to 20 days ha have a sufficiently clear connection with the indexes of increase of living mass of their mothers in the period of preparation for the new cycle of reproduction.
The average daily gain of yags for the period from their birth to 20 days is quite clearly related to the growth rates of live weight of their mothers in preparation for the new cycle of reproduction. The maximum average gain of lambs was obtained from ewes, the increase in live weight of which in the study period ranged from 10 to 15.9 kg. On this basis, lambs exceeded the results of peers from 6.1 to 17.9%. The indexes of living mass of eves before their insemination have positive coefficients of correlations with a living mass of lambs at wean from mother, and also average daily increases of lambs for the first 20 days of their life. They were made according to 0.346, 0.243 and 0.113.
Misrepresenting biases in arrival: a comment on Svensson (2022)
Authors: Cano Alejandro , Couce Alejandro , Masel Joanna , Payne Joshua , Stoltzfus Arlin , Storz Jay
Published: November 2022

The idea that adaptive change is subject to biases in variation by a "first come, first served" dynamic is not part of classic evolutionary reasoning. Yet, predictable effects of biases in the introduction of variation have been reported in models of population genetics, in laboratory evolution, and in retrospective analyses of natural adaptation. This effect of "arrival bias" has potentially broad significance, given widespread contemporary interest in the role of mutational and developmental tendencies of variation, in the context of a traditional view that such ideas are incompatible with population genetics. Indeed, the idea is addressed at length in a recent commentary by Svensson (2022). Unfortunately this commentary misrepresents the theory, history, evidence, and even the basic concepts involved in research on the role of mutation biases in adaptation. Here we correct some of these misrepresentations and offer a clearer and more accurate account of contemporary empirical and theoretical results.
Design of a force measuring unit for robotic applications
Authors: Rónai László
Published: November 2022

The paper deals with design process of a force measuring unit, which is capable to mount onto a robot or to integrate into a measuring device. The main element is a beam type load cell equipped with strain gauges in Wheatstone bridge configuration. In order to measure the force only in one direction a linear guide rail is used to lock the degrees of freedom. The unit will have a microcontroller board to process and transfer the data to a personal computer. Furthermore, the system will be capable to intervene processes thanks to the digital inputs and outputs of the electric board. The paper introduces the 3D model of the device, and its components.
Comparison of programing ANSYS and COSMOS/M finite element systems
Authors: Szabó Ferenc János
Published: November 2022

A simple optimization task is programmed by using the built- in programming possibilities of two finite element systems: ANSYS APDL (Parametric Design Language) and COSMOS/M built-in macro language. The same program is written in the two different programming language and the resulting program listings is compared. The demon-stration optimization problem is to find the minimum safe radius of an L-shape model, loaded by a uniform surface pressure. The program to solve this optimization task builds the model, solves the finite element problem, and iteratively improves the radius until the optimum solution. In both cases, when the program running ends, we will see the optimum structure on the screen, and we can use the menu possibilities of the finite element system to see any details of the optimized model or listing the values of the parameters.
Sequence-based identification of soil fungi in different habitats on Surtsey
Authors: Almeida Juan Pablo , Jumpponen Ari , Sigurdsson Bjarni D.
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT Studies on primary succession and biological surveys in Surtsey have described the presence of different organisms including plants, soil fauna and fungi. However, since the last fungal census of 2008, based on visual observations, no further studies on fungal communities on the island have been published. In the present study, we aimed to expand the knowledge of the fungal communities of Surtsey using Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS2) metabarcode sequencing to survey soil samples from 23 permanent plots, within and outside a gull colony. Additionally, we related fungal community composition to soil and ecosystem environmental variables that have been analyzed from these plots previously. We report at least 18 new genera and 44 new species for Iceland and 56 new species for Surtsey in this metabarcode survey, likely representing a combination of established organisms as well as those that may be present as dormant propagule bank. Our data indicate that fungal communities differ in areas with and without sea gulls as well as those that differ in soil substrate. Further, the community composition correlates with the number of gull nests, vegetation cover, ecosystem respiration, total N and exchangeable P. This survey provides new insights on the fungal community dynamics in relation to other biotic and abiotic factors. These findings complement what available data on soil biosphere on Surtsey and improve our understanding of primary succession.
Human (boot) tracks preserved in volcanic deposits of Surtsey Island, Iceland
Authors: Esperante Raúl , Óskarsson Birgir Vilhelm
Published: November 2022

Several human boot tracks and trackways are preserved in palagonitized tuff in Surtsey Island, south Iceland. The underlying palagonitized substrate is made of reworked tephra debris talus and slump material that lies partly on top of lava flows erupted in 1964–1965 in Surtungur tuff crater and 1966–1967 in Surtur tuff crater. This stratigraphic information along with other evidence from the nature of the sediments, alteration history of the deposits and the record of human presence on the island indicate the tracks were formed in the years between 1967 and 1970. The exquisite preservation and consolidation of the tracks coincide with a period of rapid geomorphic changes in the early stages of development of the island, when the newly formed tephra was still unconsolidated and easily mobilized by mass movements, wind and runoff. Furthermore, cooling magmatic intrusions generated hydrothermal activity on the island speeding up diagenesis of the tephra and the cementation of the boot tracks in the substrate. Expulsion rims preserved in some of the boot tracks suggests the tracks were formed in moderately cohesive substrate, followed by rapid burial of the prints in heavy wind and/or storm. Three boot sizes were identified suggesting the tracks were made by at least three persons, and documentation of the boot anatomy, measurements on angle of gait, stride and pace reveal the direction of movement for each trackway. Intense erosion of the tuff cones has exhumed the tracks to the surface that stand today as a testimony to impressively rapid geological cycles for preservation and exhumation and the role of unstable and rapidly changing environments, the aftermath of high-energy events, in capturing and preserving ichnites. These boot tracks are the first fossil tracks described for Iceland and the first record in the world of boot tracks preserved in sedimentary rocks.
The land-invertebrate fauna on Surtsey during 2002–2006
Authors: Ólafsson Erling
Published: November 2022

Formal studies on invertebrate colonizers and establishments on Surtsey started in 1965 and the island was visited regularly for longer and shorter periods till 1984. After a period of sporadic invertebrate studies, yearly visits to Surtsey started again in 2002. Here are presented the results from a five year study period, 2002–2006. Surtsey is characterized by three kinds of substrates, viz. lava, sand and palagonite rock. The invertebrate collecting is mainly based on pitfall trapping in permanent plots on sand and lava substrates, also informing on the impact of a gull breeding colony that started in the lava field in 1985. Netting and direct picking takes place on all three kinds of substrates of the island. Also, three traps were set up close to the hut and helicopter platform to test for signs of human impact. Hitherto, 354 species or taxa ranked as species have been found on Surtsey. Thereof 144 are regarded permanent settlers. in 2005 an invasion of flying insects by air mass was witnessed. Transport of invertebrates by birds was probably underestimated in the beginning, but the existence of a number of permanently settled species can hardly be explained differently. The gull breeding colony was an advantage to the invertebrate diversity on Surtsey. Higher species diversity is found within the colony than outside it and a clear distinction in species composition between plots outside and within the gull colony. Also, a great faunal diversity is within the colony while the fauna is rather homogenous on the sand substrate. Land-invertebrates have proved to play a very important role in the developing ecosystem on the island, also forming the basis for colonization of invertebrate feeding birds.
Colonization of lichens on Surtsey 1970–2006
Authors: Kristinsson Hörður , Heiðmarsson Starri
Published: November 2022

A list of lichen species from the volcanic island Surtsey is presented. A total of 87 species have been recorded since the first three species appeared in 1970. Notes on distribution and short description of the main lichen communities are given. Possible colonization routes to the island are discussed. Four of the species treated are new to iceland, Gyalidea fritzei and Psilolechia clavulifera and two species, one Lecanora and one Stereocaulon which probably are new to science. Two further species belonging to Lecanora, provisionally determined as L. albescens and L. semipallida, are probably new to iceland. The primary colonization resembles what has been recorded on other lava fields in iceland. Lichen species established very slowly on Surtsey with relatively few species found during the first two decades, in 1984 only 17 species had been recorded. That number almost doubled during the next six years, 31 species had been recorded on the island by 1990 and there has been a constant accumulation of species since then. The lichen colonization benefitted from the activity of gulls. Many species were probably dispersed by the trampling birds and colonized the naked lava rock around the breeding area. Later soil formation started in connection with the gull colony and the first colonizers were replaced by other species. The palagonite tuff has only recently been colonized by lichens and on the coastal rocks of the island only one lichenized species has been found so far.
Effects of nutrient transfer by great skuas (Stercorarius skua) and arctic skuas (Stercorarius parasiticus) on vegetation and soil at Breiðamerkurjökull, SE-Iceland
Authors: Sigurðardóttir Sigurlaug , Marteinsdóttir Bryndís , Vigfúsdóttir Freydís , Vilmundardóttir Olga Kolbrún
Published: November 2022

Seabirds can play a vital role in primary succession by transferring nutrients from sea to land. Here, we examine the effects of sparse seabird colonies on primary succession at the Breiðamerkurjökull glacial fore-field in SE-Iceland. The area is generally characterized by low vegetation cover, where mosses are dominant, with scattered, grassy vegetation “islands” (bird hummocks) formed through point-centered influence of seabirds. The aim of this study was to assess the influence of bird presence on vegetation and soil properties. This was done by examining how vegetation and soil properties changed with the distance from bird hummocks and the influence of time on that relationship. Total vegetation cover and grass and forb cover were found to be significantly affected by the birds’ presence, as well as the concentration of soil organic matter and pHH2O . These results demonstrate the importance of seabirds as natural fertilizers in primary succession and early soil formation processes.
Observations of cetaceans in the waters of the Surtsey Nature Reserve between 2008 and 2021
Authors: Samarra Filipa I. P. , Selbmann Anna , Aoki Kagari , Miller Patrick J. O.
Published: November 2022

The island of Surtsey originated from an underwater eruption in 1963 and has since been studied extensively, illustrating the colonization and succession by numerous species in both the terrestrial and marine habitats. However, there is little information on the cetaceans occurring near the island. Here we show that killer whales, pilot whales and minke whales are observed within the Surtsey Nature Reserve in June-August, although survey effort within this area has been lower than in other parts of the Vestmannaeyjar archipelago. Thus, we expect the list of species will increase with higher effort in the future. Killer whales were the species observed most commonly and were seen during the summer months, most often on the east and north coasts. Both observational and animal-attached tag data suggest killer whales were feeding within the reserve, and the only prey identified was herring. However, seasonal survey effort limits a comprehensive understanding of the prey killer whales may target within this area and particularly whether killer whales may target the seal colonies established here during autumn and winter. In the future, increased effort in summer and at other times of the year, would help fill in these gaps in our knowledge of the importance of the Surtsey nature reserve for cetaceans.
Sociodemographic Profile among the Victims of Road Traffic Accident Reported in a Tertiary Level Hospital: A Cross Sectional Observation
Authors: Rahman Md Moshiur , Uddin Abu Noman Md Mosleh
Published: November 2022

Introduction: Road traffic accident is an unbaiting concern of health security issues to the community in Bangladesh. Every individual RTA contributes a tragic social impact due to its morbidity or mortality associated to each family.

Objectives: To assess the sociodemographic profile among the victims of RTA.

Material and Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted in 2010 among purposively selected 126 victims of road traffic accident reported to the medical inspection room of Combined Military Hospital Dhaka.Data were collected by a structured questionnaire through the review of medical records of the patients.

Results: More than half (53.2%) of the respondents were in the age group of 21-40 years and 44.4% were educated up to SSC level. Majority of them (8 1 .7%) were Male and 45.23.8% were from military service. About 27.3% of RTA occurred by truck/covered van/Bus/ minibus which was followed by Jeep/car/microbus and pickup (35.7%) and 44.4% of the affected respondents were from motor vehicle passengers which was followed by pedestrian (37.3%). Majority ofthe patients experienced laceration and cut injuiy (38.1%) which was equally followed by abrasion and fracture (15.9%). Statistically significant (p<0.05) association revealed between education with role of affected personand occupation with morbidity pattern.

Conclusion: As the victims of RTA are mainly male in active and productive period of life, so this group should be motivated.

AKMMC J 2020; 11(2) : 102-106
Inferior Venacaval Thrombosis in Active Tuberculosis
Authors: Momen Abdul Basit Ibne , Twinkle Furial Quraishi , Quraishi Firoz Ahmed
Published: November 2022

Approximately one third of the world's population is infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis. TuberculosisJ has several mechanisms that induce a hypercoagulable state and can lead to thromboembolic complications. A variety of factors have been postulated to predispose patients with tuberculosis to venous thrombosis that include local stasis due to venous compression by lymph nodes and relative immobility caused by respiratory, alteration in coagulation factors and reactive thrombocytosis. Only a few case reports showing similar findings. We present a case, man of 26 years old, who presented deep vein thrombus of inferior vena cava from its origin extending up to the entrance of the liver revealed signal changes on L2 vertebrae and CT guided FNAC was negative for malignancy but suggestive of tuberculosis. There might be a possible association between deep venous thrombosis and use of Rifampicin but this does not contraindicate the use of Rifampicin but these patient may need close monitoring.

AKMMC J 2020; 11(2) : 137-139
Applications of the Internet of Things (IoT) for Developing Sustainable Agriculture: A Review
Authors: Sizan Najmus Sakib , Dey Diganta , Mia Md Solaiman
Published: November 2022

By natural process, the world population will in-crease day by day. In rhythm, the tendency of the food will also be rising. So, it is a great challenge to supply food and increase its availability for the huge amount of people of the world, which helps to fulfill their fundamental civil rights. Nowadays, many agriculturedependent countries are fully dependent on the orthodox agriculture process. To develop such types of conditions, people should attract to modern cultivation practices. In the modern era, the Internet of things (IoT) is an optimal solution for preventing such types of challenges. IoT can connect with neoteric agriculture technology. Byusing this technique, farmers can directly connect themselves and control their felds and monitor their feld environmental conditions from anywhere around the world. By the use of unique forms of sensors, models, strategies, and technologies farmers can collect much real-time information and it helps a bearer to increase his productivity of farming. The goal of this paper is to reconsider some very recent works on smart and prompt agriculture processes. In this review paper, we have spoken about the techniques, and methodologies and summarized the state-of-the-art literature. We also made a comprehensive discussion and profound analysis of those recent works. Finally, we have given some future suggestions about smart farming techniques based on our discussion and analysis.
GUB JOURNAL OF SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING, Vol 8, Dec 2021 P 7-16
Analisis kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis siswa ditinjau dari perbedaan gender
Authors: Hanggara Yudhi , Aisyah Serena Haska , Amelia Fitrah
Published: November 2022

Abstrak.Tujuan Penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan kemampuan pemecahan masalah siswa ditinjau dari perbedaan gender. Adapun indikator kemampuan pemecahan masalah yang diukur meliputi memahami masalah (I1), merencanakan pemecahannya (I2), menyelesaikan masalah (I3), dan memeriksa kembali hasil yang diperoleh (I4). Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian deskriptif kualitatif dengan subjek penelitian adalah siswa kelas VIII SMP Islam Plus An-Nahdhah Batam yang berjumlah 13 siswa. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan tes sebanyak 3 soal yang telah valid dan reliabel (rii = 0,44). Serta diperkuat dengan menggunakan wawancara. Berdasarkan hasil analisis, pada kategori tinggi dan sedang siswa laki-laki memenuhi indikator (I1), (I2), (I3) tetapi masih kurang dalam indikator (I4). Pada kategori rendah siswa laki-laki hanya memenuhi indikator (I1), dan masih kurang dalam indikator (I2), (I3), (I4). Pada kategori tinggi siswa perempuan memenuhi semua indikator pemecahan masalah. Pada kategori sedang siswa perempuan hanya memenuhi indikator (I1) dan (I4), tetapi masih kurang dalam indikator (I2) dan (I3). Pada kategori rendah siswa perempuan hanya memenuhi indikator (I1), tetapi masih kurang dalam indikator (I2), (I3), (I4).
Sawn timber and structural products from ‘Kawa’ poplar (Populus deltoides Marshall x P. yunnanensis Dode) grown in Northland, New Zealand
Authors: Satchell Dean , Moore John
Published: November 2022

Background: While poplar (Populus spp.) is an important source of raw materials for the wood processing sector in many regions of the world, in New Zealand it has a reputation for producing poor grade recoveries of sawn timber that is unsuitable for structural applications. However, the ‘Kawa’ poplar clone (Populus deltoides Marshall x P. yunnanensis Dode), which has relatively high wood density, could yield structural timber. This, along with evidence demonstrating building code compliance, would improve utilisation options for this species in New Zealand.
Methods: Sawn timber conversion and grade recovery were quantified for a 28-year-old pruned stand of ‘Kawa’ poplar grown in Northland, New Zealand. A sample of 90 mm x 45 mm structural boards were tested to determine their mechanical properties and the resulting strength class. Boron preservative retention and penetration were measured to determine whether timber could be treated to the level required under New Zealand’s building standards. Density, modulus of elasticity and modulus of rupture were assessed on small defect-free specimens taken from different radial and vertical positions within trees to determine intra-stem and inter-stem variation in these properties.
Results: The overall conversion of logs to sawn timber was 53%, with approximately 94% of this recovery consisting of graded timber. The most common sources of downgrade were knots, pruning wounds, and end-splits. Approximately 70% of the sawn boards were graded as clears, with smaller recoveries of cladding and structural boards. The average length of clear section was approximately 2.5 m. Mechanical testing of structural boards demonstrated that they have characteristic values sufficient to meet the requirements for the SG10 strength class. Preservative treatment achieved the H1.2 specification. Density, modulus of elasticity and modulus of rupture were all higher in specimens cut from the outside of the log compared with those taken from near the pith at all heights up the stem.
Conclusions: Mechanical properties and boron treatment results indicate suitability for structural applications in accordance with New Zealand’s building code. ‘Kawa’ poplar also produced high grade recoveries suggesting potential for commercial sawn timber production, especially for structural appearance products.
Resistant Bilateral Chylous Effusion as a Late Adverse Effect of Dasatinib Treatment in Chronic Myeloid Leukaemia
Authors: Zengin Emine , Sarper Nazan , Gelen Sema Aylan , Topçu Salih
Published: November 2022

Pleural effusion is a common adverse effect of dasatinib, but chylous effusion is rarely reported. Herein, the authors report the case of a 21-year-old imatinib-resistant patient who presented with bilateral massive chylous effusion on Month 44 of dasatinib treatment. The patient was managed with dasatinib withdrawal, bilateral thorax tube insertion, nasal oxygen support, diuretics, corticosteroids, a fat and oil free diet, and sandostatin. The patient required total parenteral nutrition and albumin infusion. The patient’s right lung collapsed as a result of pleural thickening. A subsequent switch to nilotinib was well tolerated. The authors highlight that patients on dasatinib treatment must be carefully followed for adverse effects.
Properties of Essential Oils of Annual Species of the Lamiaceae Family
Authors: Guliyeva S.
Published: November 2022

Data of the study and analysis of the essential oil properties of 5 species of Lamiaceae family (Salvia viridis L., Ocimum basilicum L., Satureja hortensis L., Ziziphora tenuior L., Clinopodium acinos (L.) Kuntze) common in the Lesser Caucasus botanical-geographical region is devoted in the paper. Essential oils were obtained from plants in different phases (0.12-3.06%), their physical and chemical constant features, qualitative and quantitative composition were determined depending on the effects of environmental conditions. Quantitative and, to some extent, qualitative changes occur in the composition of essential oils in various organs has been established. The essential oils of the studied species have an odor reminiscent of lemon and mint. The essential oil of these plants is a transparent substance that is lighter than water. To clarify the physicochemical properties of substances, their specific gravity (D2020), refractive index (n20D), acid number, ether number, and ether number after acetylation were determined.
Phytocenological Structure and Biological Reserves of Helichrysum aurantiacum Boiss. & A. Huet in Gazakh-Tovuz Economic Region (Azerbaijan)
Authors: Abbasova V.
Published: November 2022

The article presents the phytocenological and bioecological analyzes of Helichrysum aurantiacum Boiss. et Huet., an endemic species of the Asteraceae family and assessments in plant coenopopulations of the plant. The studies were carried out in 3 districts of Gazakh-Tovuz Economic Region of Azerbaijan. Ten natural populations where H. aurantiacum species are distributed were selected. In the selected populations, the integral characteristics of the demographic structure of the plant, age and efficiency indices were studied. The formations and associations were determined, the project cover of the areas was calculated, and the abundance was determined. In the H. aurantiacum species, the highest indicator is observed in the generative development stages (225-243 individuals were counted in the g1-g3 period). The efficiency coefficient of H. aurantiacum species in mature populations was ω=0.52-0.76. The high value of the efficiency coefficient in CP 7, 6 and 10 is related to the high number dynamics of plants belonging to the juvenile and immature phases before the generative development phases, and the small number of individuals belonging to the aging (s, ss) phases. The resource potential of the plant was determined and the biological reserve in the districts was 1241.1 centners, and the annual supply was 498.6 centners. This allows the supply of H. aurantiacum species in Tovuz, Agstafa and Gazakh districts located in the north-east of the Lesser
Effective Use of Gymnosperms in the Nakhchivan Flora, Pests and Measures of Protection Against Them
Authors: Guliyeva G.
Published: November 2022

The article provides information on the useful properties, possibilities of use and protection of species belonging to the Gymnospermae, common in the Nakhchivan flora. Plant pests in natural landscapes and the damage they cause are shown. Scientific approaches to its use in landscaping are shown and the data obtained as a result of ethnobotanical research are systematized. The use of some species in folk medicine has been recorded.
Field Studies of the Structure of Sedimentary Strata of the Northern Part of the Vityazevskaya Bay-Bar
Authors: Krylenko D. , Krylenko V. , Krylenko M.
Published: November 2022

The structure of the sedimentary strata of the Anapa bay-bar reflects the conditions and dynamics of its formation and is peculiar for each of its constituent parts. An analysis of the structure of the upper part of the sedimentary strata of this bay-bar makes it possible to understand the sequence of its formation. A different combination of prevailing factors contributed to the complex and heterogeneous structure of the deposits of the Vityazevskaya bay-bar (part of the geosystem of the Anapa bay-bar). Field studies included the laying of pits in the main morphological zones of the transverse profile of the accumulative body, and the drilling of wells by a hand drill. The description and analysis of the deposits exposed by pits and boreholes in various morphological sections of the bay-bar revealed a number of regularities. In the lower part of the sequence, coastal-marine deposits predominate. These are mainly poorly-sorted beach deposits. The composition is diverse and is represented by unsorted sands with shell interlayers, inclusions of pebbles and algae. The role of the pelitic fraction increases with depth. Below the water-table, the deposits are dark gray with inclusions of small shells. The upper part of the sedimentary sequence is composed mainly of well-sorted eolian sands. Characteristic is the presence of a layer with traces of soil formation at the junction of marine and eolian deposits. The structural features of the sedimentary sequence confirm that the accumulative form of the Vityazevskaya bay-bar was formed under the predominant influence of coastal-marine hydro-lithodynamics processes. The presence of traces of soil formation at the boundary of beach and eolian deposits indicates that the formation of dunes occurred much later than the formation of the accumulative body of the bay-bar. Liman shore, composed of coastal-marine deposits, continued its development in the conditions of lagoon sedimentation.
Natural and Economic Potential and Its Impact on the Development of the Agro-Industrial Sector
Authors: Ubaydullaev K. , Alimov A.
Published: November 2022

In areas of intensive irrigated agriculture and relatively high population growth, where a high technogenic and anthropogenic pressure on the environment creates social and environmental tension. These areas include the administrative territories of the South Aral Sea, which are part of the Aral-Caspian lowland, occupying the vast delta region of the Amudarya River, with a length of more than 500 km. These natural and economic regions include the Republic of Karakalpakstan, the Khorezm region of Uzbekistan and the Tashauz region of Turkmenistan. The territory is located in the desert zone of the temperate zone, where natural conditions are characterized by severe aridity. More than 20% of the land fund of the Central Asian republics is concentrated here. Of these lands, the share of the Lower Amudarya is 17.2 million hectares. However, the diversion of large volumes of Amudarya water for irrigation in its upper and middle reaches, the development of natural resources of the Southern Aral Sea, becomes very difficult.
Effect of Biohumus and Zeolite on the Dynamics of Nutrients
Authors: Isakova V.
Published: November 2022

During the research period, the amount of nutrients (nitrogen nitrate form, absorbed ammonia, activated phosphorus) in Gleyi-Irragic Calcisols under the adzuki bean plant Vigna angularis (Willd.) Ohwi & H. Ohashi was studied in dynamics. Schemes used in practice: 1. control (without fertilizer); 2. biohumus 5 t/ha; 3. zeolite 5 t/ha; 4. biohumus 5 t/ha + zeolite 5 t/ha; 5. biohumus 7.5 t/ha; 6. zeolite 7.5 t/ha; 7. biohumus 7.5 t/ha + zeolite 7.5 t/ha. During the growing season, the amount of nutrients changed significantly, depending on the amount of applied biohumus and zeolite, as well as the growth phases of the plant. The amount of nutrients in the Gleyi-Irragic Calcisols changed from the beginning to the end of the vegetation in the direction of decrease. Nutrients from the soil environment are intensively absorbed by the plant as it is spent on the formation of vegetative and generative organs during the growing season of the bean plant.
Booker T. Washington, Frederick Douglass, and US Slave Narratives in Translation in East Asia
Authors: Lockard Joe , Penglu Shih , Kim Myungsung
Published: November 2022

The paper presents a conceptual map of Chinese, Korean, and Japanese translations of Booker T. Washington, Frederick Douglass, and Solomon Northup from 1920 to the present. It considers the problems and advantages of a regional East Asian translation history, including issues of internationalism, sharing mass traumas and resistances, ideological misappropriation, reader reception, and de-centering analytic binarisms. The paper then turns to paratexts to discuss the numerous translations of Washington’s Up from Slavery, particularly the social development messages these translations sought to promote throughout East Asia. Given declining reader interest in Booker T. Washington in the twenty-first century, it then examines the more recent popularity of Frederick Douglass in translation editions as a symbolic leader of resistance against slavery. A conclusion addresses the East Asian translation history of Solomon Northup’s Twelve Years a Slave and the contemporary status of translated slave narratives as a global commodity.
Detailed quantification of cardiac ventricular myocardial architecture in the embryonic and fetal mouse heart by application of structure tensor analysis to high resolution episcopic microscopic data
Authors: Garcia-Canadilla Patricia , Mohun Timothy J. , Bijnens Bart , Cook Andrew C.
Published: November 2022

The mammalian heart, which is one of the first organs to form and function during embryogenesis, develops from a simple tube into a complex organ able to efficiently pump blood towards the rest of the body. The progressive growth of the compact myocardium during embryonic development is accompanied by changes in its structural complexity and organisation. However, how myocardial myoarchitecture develops during embryogenesis remain poorly understood. To date, analysis of heart development has focused mainly on qualitative descriptions using selected 2D histological sections. High resolution episcopic microscopy (HREM) is a novel microscopic imaging technique that enables to obtain high-resolution three-dimensional images of the heart and perform detailed quantitative analyses of heart development. In this work, we performed a detailed characterization of the development of myocardial architecture in wildtype mice, from E14.5 to E18.5, by means of structure tensor analysis applied to HREM images of the heart. Our results shows that even at E14.5, myocytes are already aligned, showing a gradual change in their helical angle from positive angulation in the endocardium towards negative angulation in the epicardium. Moreover, there is gradual increase in the degree of myocardial organisation concomitant with myocardial growth. However, the development of the myoarchitecture is heterogeneous showing regional differences between ventricles, ventricular walls as well as between myocardial layers, with different growth patterning between the endocardium and epicardium. We also found that the percentage of circumferentially arranged myocytes within the LV significantly increases with gestational age. Finally, we found that fractional anisotropy (FA) within the LV gradually increases with gestational age, while the FA within RV remains unchanged.
The role of prelamin A post-translational maturation in stress response and 53BP1 recruitment
Authors: Capanni Cristina , Schena Elisa , Di Giampietro Maria Letizia , Montecucco Alessandra , Mattioli Elisabetta , Lattanzi Giovanna
Published: November 2022

Lamin A is a main constituent of the nuclear lamina and contributes to nuclear shaping, mechano-signaling transduction and gene regulation, thus affecting major cellular processes such as cell cycle progression and entry into senescence, cellular differentiation and stress response. The role of lamin A in stress response is particularly intriguing, yet not fully elucidated, and involves prelamin A post-translational processing. Here, we propose prelamin A as the tool that allows lamin A plasticity during oxidative stress response and permits timely 53BP1 recruitment to DNA damage foci. We show that while PCNA ubiquitination, p21 decrease and H2AX phosphorylation occur soon after stress induction in the absence of prelamin A, accumulation of non-farnesylated prelamin A follows and triggers recruitment of 53BP1 to lamin A/C complexes. Then, the following prelamin A processing steps causing transient accumulation of farnesylated prelamin A and maturation to lamin A reduce lamin A affinity for 53BP1 and favor its release and localization to DNA damage sites. Consistent with these observations, accumulation of prelamin A forms in cells under basal conditions impairs histone H2AX phosphorylation, PCNA ubiquitination and p21 degradation, thus affecting the early stages of stress response. As a whole, our results are consistent with a physiological function of prelamin A modulation during stress response aimed at timely recruitment/release of 53BP1 and other molecules required for DNA damage repair. In this context, it becomes more obvious how farnesylated prelamin A accumulation to toxic levels alters timing of DNA damage signaling and 53BP1 recruitment, thus contributing to cellular senescence and accelerated organismal aging as observed in progeroid laminopathies.
Extracellular vesicles from Trypanosoma cruzi-dendritic cell interaction show modulatory properties and confer resistance to lethal infection as a cell-free based therapy strategy
Authors: Gutierrez Brenda Celeste , Ancarola Maria Eugenia , Volpato-Rossi Izadora , Marcilla Antonio , Ramirez Marcel Ivan , Rosenzvit Mara Cecilia , Cucher Marcela , Poncini Carolina Verónica
Published: November 2022

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) include a heterogeneous group of particles. Microvesicles, apoptotic bodies and exosomes are the most characterized vesicles. They can be distinguished by their size, morphology, origin and molecular composition. To date, increasing studies demonstrate that EVs mediate intercellular communication. EVs reach considerable interest in the scientific community due to their role in diverse processes including antigen-presentation, stimulation of anti-tumoral immune responses, tolerogenic or inflammatory effects. In pathogens, EV shedding is well described in fungi, bacteria, protozoan and helminths parasites. For Trypanosoma cruzi EV liberation and protein composition was previously described. Dendritic cells (DCs), among other cells, are key players promoting the immune response against pathogens and also maintaining self-tolerance. In previous reports we have demonstrate that T. cruzi downregulates DCs immunogenicity in vitro and in vivo. Here we analyze EVs from the in vitro interaction between blood circulating trypomastigotes (Tp) and bone-marrow-derived DCs. We found that Tp incremented the number and the size of EVs in cultures with DCs. EVs displayed some exosome markers and intracellular RNA. Protein analysis demonstrated that the parasite changes the DC protein-EV profile. We observed that EVs from the interaction of Tp-DCs were easily captured by unstimulated-DCs in comparison with EVs from DCs cultured without the parasite, and also modified the activation status of LPS-stimulated DCs. Noteworthy, we found protection in animals treated with EVs-DCs+Tp and challenged with T. cruzi lethal infection. Our goal is to go deep into the molecular characterization of EVs from the DCs-Tp interaction, in order to identify mediators for therapeutic purposes.
Is climate exacerbating the root causes of conflict in Mali? A climate security analysis through a structural equation modeling approach
Authors: Pacillo Grazia , Kangogo Daniel , Madurga-Lopez Ignacio , Villa Victor , Belli Anna , Läderach Peter
Published: November 2022

Climate continues to pose significant challenges to human existence. Notably, in the past decade, the focus on the role of climate on conflict and social unrest has gained traction in academic, development, and policy communities. This article examines the link between climate variability and conflict in Mali. It advances the argument that climate is a threat multiplier, in other words, climate indirectly affects conflict occurrence through numerous pathways. We take the view that maize production and household food security status sequentially mediate the relationship between climate variability and the different conflict types. First, we provide a brief review of the climate conflict pathways in Mali. Second, we employ the path analysis within the structural equation modeling technique to test the hypothesized pathways and answer the research questions. We use the Living Standards Measurement Study-Integrated Surveys on Agriculture (LSMS-ISA), a nationally representative data from Mali merged with time and location-specific climate and the Armed Conflict Location and Event Data (ACLED) data. Results show that an increase in positive temperature anomalies when sequentially mediated by maize production and household food security status, increase the occurrence of the different conflict types. The results are robust to the use of negative precipitation anomalies (tendency toward less precipitation compared to the historical norm). Our findings highlight two key messages, first, the crucial role of climate change adaptation and mitigation strategies and interventions on influencing household food security status and thus reducing conflict occurrence. Second, that efforts to build peace and security should account for the role of climate in exacerbating the root causes of conflict.
The utility of ultrasound and computed tomography in the assessment of carotid artery plaque vulnerability–A mini review
Authors: Singh Aniruddha , Nasir Usama , Segal Jared , Waheed Tayyab Ali , Ameen Muhammad , Hafeez Hamza
Published: November 2022

As the burden of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events continues to increase, emerging evidence supports the concept of plaque vulnerability as a strong marker of plaque rupture, and embolization. Qualitative assessment of the plaque can identify the degree of plaque instability. Ultrasound and computed tomography (CT) have emerged as safe and accurate techniques for the assessment of plaque vulnerability. Plaque features including but not limited to surface ulceration, large lipid core, thin fibrous cap (FC), intraplaque neovascularization and hemorrhage can be assessed and are linked to plaque instability.
A prospective, multicenter, real-world observational study evaluating the impact of tibial runoff on clinical outcomes after endovascular therapy for femoropopliteal lesions: Research protocol
Authors: Liu Yang , Wang Qiqi , Wu Ziheng , Fen Zibo , Guo Lianrui , Li Qiang , Fang Xin , Sang Hongfei , Dai Yudi , He Chunshui , Ye Meng
Published: November 2022

Introduction

Current evidence indicates endovascular intervention is a safe and effective treatment for peripheral artery disease of the lower extremity. However, the clinical outcome of endovascular intervention for femoropopliteal lesions has been shown to be affected by the status of tibial runoff. It remains unclear whether endovascular intervention for tibial runoff is associated with additional benefits.

Methods and analysis

This prospective, multicenter, real-world observational study is carried out from January 2021 to December 2022 in 8 designated centers across China with an estimated sample size of 1200 patients with severe femoropopliteal disease. The pre-procedural status of tibial runoff is evaluated with the modified SVS score and categorized as good (SVS <5), compromised (SVS 5–10) or poor (SVS >10). Whether the patient will be treated with endovascular intervention for tibial runoff is determined by the treating vascular surgeons. Patients are dichotomized into the intervention group and the non-intervention group, with each group further divided into the good, compromised and poor tibial run-off subgroup, yielding 6 subgroups in total. Patients within various subgroups are compared with regard to the primary patency rate of the femoropopliteal artery, changes in quality of life, changes of Rutherford category, improvement of the Wound, Ischemia, and Foot Infection Classification, and incidence of major adverse events over 24-months follow-up. The results of this study may provide important information to help vascular sspecialists to decide whether the tibial runoff should be endovascularly intervened and which patient population benefits most from tibial runoff intervention.

Clinical trial registration

https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04675632?id=NCT04675632&draw=2&rank=1, NCT04675632.