bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Methodology for Classifying Search Operators as Intensification or Diversification Heuristics
Authors: Soria-Alcaraz Jorge A. , Ochoa Gabriela , Espinal Andres , Sotelo-Figueroa Marco A. , Ornelas-Rodriguez Manuel , Rostro-Gonzalez Horacio
Published: February 2020

Selection hyper-heuristics are generic search tools that dynamically choose, from a given pool, the most promising operator (low-level heuristic) to apply at each iteration of the search process. The performance of these methods depends on the quality of the heuristic pool. Two types of heuristics can be part of the pool: diversification heuristics, which help to escape from local optima, and intensification heuristics, which effectively exploit promising regions in the vicinity of good solutions. An effective search strategy needs a balance between these two strategies. However, it is not straightforward to categorize an operator as intensification or diversification heuristic on complex domains. Therefore, we propose an automated methodology to do this classification. This brings methodological rigor to the configuration of an iterated local search hyper-heuristic featuring diversification and intensification stages. The methodology considers the empirical ranking of the heuristics based on an estimation of their capacity to either diversify or intensify the search. We incorporate the proposed approach into a state-of-the-art hyper-heuristic solving two domains: course timetabling and vehicle routing. Our results indicate improved performance, including new best-known solutions for the course timetabling problem.
Knowledge, Attitudes, and Perceptions of Air Pollution in Accra, Ghana: A Critical Survey
Authors: Odonkor Stephen T. , Mahami Tahiru
Published: February 2020

Air pollution has been a major challenge worldwide particularly in the developing world. It has dire implications for human health. Understanding the knowledge and behaviour of the populace is key to the development and implementation of necessary intervention programmes. The aim of this study was to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and perceptions of air pollution in the Accra, Ghana. The study employed a cross-sectional design to obtain quantitative data form 1404 respondents, and the results were analysed with SPSS version 23. There were more (54.1%) female respondents than males (45.9%) in the study. The majority (70.5%) of the respondents were aware of the haze (air pollution) and its adverse effects on health. There was however a significant relationship between the sociodemographics and air pollution awareness (P=0.01). There was also a correlation between residents’ age, educational level, length of stay, marital status, and knowledge/awareness rate of air pollution (P<0.05). Although the majority of the respondents are aware of air pollution and its relationship to their health, rates of awareness were low in some demographic groups like the elderly and the less educated. Therefore, nondiscriminatory policies should be formed toward the education and guidance of people to become knowledgeable about air pollution and related health challenges. Most of the residents admitted improving air quality is the responsibility of every citizen. The government should utilize this to form collaborative measure with the citizens for a more effective control of air pollution.
Efficient Privacy-Preserving Fingerprint-Based Authentication System Using Fully Homomorphic Encryption
Authors: Kim Taeyun , Oh Yongwoo , Kim Hyoungshick
Published: February 2020

To help smartphone users protect their phone, fingerprint-based authentication systems (e.g., Apple’s Touch ID) have increasingly become popular in smartphones. In web applications, however, fingerprint-based authentication is still rarely used. One of the most serious concerns is the lack of technology for securely storing fingerprint data used for authentication. Because scanned fingerprint data are not exactly the same each time, the use of a traditional cryptographic hash function (e.g., SHA-256) is infeasible to protect raw fingerprint data. In this paper, we present an efficient privacy-preserving fingerprint authentication system using a fully homomorphic encryption scheme in which fingerprint data are always stored and processed in an encrypted form. We implement a fully working fingerprint authentication system with a fingerprint database (containing 4,000 samples) using the Fast Fully Homomorphic Encryption over the Torus (TFHE) library. The proposed system can perform the fingerprint matching process within about 166 seconds (±0.564 seconds) on average.
Equilibrium Joining Strategies of Delay-Sensitive Customers in a Queueing System with Service Quality Feedback
Authors: Liu Peng , Lv Jun , Jiang Tao , Chai Xudong
Published: February 2020

In some queueing systems, customers are frequently asked for giving a service quality feedback for their service at their service completion instants. Based on this phenomenon, in this paper, we model this type of queueing systems as clearing queues with service quality feedback and system maintenance. Once the system receives an unsatisfied (negative) feedback from customers (i.e., a customer is unsatisfied with the service), the system undergoes an adjustment procedure, and at the same time, all the present customers are forced to leave the system. By considering the waiting cost and reward, we discuss the joining behavior of customers and, respectively, derive the corresponding equilibrium joining strategies and social optimal strategies under different levels of information (the observable and the unobservable cases). Finally, some numerical examples are provided to show the effect of several system parameters on the equilibrium and optimal balking strategies.
Successful Treatment of a Mixed Neuroendocrine-Nonneuroendocrine Neoplasm of the Colon with Metastases to the Thyroid Gland and Liver
Authors: Kanazawa Yuji , Kikuchi Masahiro , Imai Yukihiro , Katakami Nobuyuki , Kaihara Satoshi , Shinohara Shogo
Published: February 2020

Patients with mixed neuroendocrine-nonneuroendocrine neoplasms (MiNENs) of the colon have poor prognosis. Herein, we report a patient with MiNEN of the colon with metastases to the liver and the thyroid gland, with long-term survival. A 45-year-old man presented with anterior neck swelling. Histopathological examination of the thyroid tumor revealed neuroendocrine carcinoma (NEC), suggesting that a primary NEC in another organ had metastasized to the thyroid gland. Computed tomography to identify a primary NEC revealed two tumors: one in the liver and one in the transverse colon. A biopsy revealed that the histopathology of the liver and colon tumors was NEC and adenocarcinoma, respectively. Thereafter, the patient underwent surgical resection of the colon tumor and was finally diagnosed as colon MiNEN with metastases to the thyroid and liver. The surgical resection of the metastatic liver tumor was performed after several courses of systemic chemotherapy, and the patient survives presently without any recurrence for approximately seven years after the diagnosis. Surgical resection of each metastatic lesion combined with systematic chemotherapy apparently improved the prognosis of MiNEN of the colon with distant metastases.
Hydrogen Gas Attenuates Hypoxic-Ischemic Brain Injury via Regulation of the MAPK/HO-1/PGC-1a Pathway in Neonatal Rats
Authors: Wang Peipei , Zhao Mingyi , Chen Zhiheng , Wu Guojiao , Fujino Masayuki , Zhang Chen , Zhou Wenjuan , Zhao Mengwen , Hirano Shin-ichi , Li Xiao-Kang , Zhao Lingling
Published: February 2020

Neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) is a leading cause of death in neonates with no effective treatments. Recent advancements in hydrogen (H2) gas offer a promising therapeutic approach for ischemia reperfusion injury; however, the impact of this approach for HIE remains a subject of debate. We assessed the therapeutic effects of H2 gas on HIE and the underlying molecular mechanisms in a rat model of neonatal hypoxic-ischemic brain injury (HIBI). H2 inhalation significantly attenuated neuronal injury and effectively improved early neurological outcomes in neonatal HIBI rats as well as learning and memory in adults. This protective effect was associated with initiation time and duration of sustained H2 inhalation. Furthermore, H2 inhalation reduced the expression of Bcl-2-associated X protein (BAX) and caspase-3 while promoting the expression of Bcl-2, nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2, and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1). H2 activated extracellular signal-regulated kinase and c-Jun N-terminal protein kinase and dephosphorylated p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) in oxygen-glucose deprivation/reperfusion (OGD/R) nerve growth factor-differentiated PC12 cells. Inhibitors of MAPKs blocked H2-induced HO-1 expression. HO-1 small interfering RNA decreased the expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC-1α) and sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) and reversed the protectivity of H2 against OGD/R-induced cell death. These findings suggest that H2 augments cellular antioxidant defense capacity through activation of MAPK signaling pathways, leading to HO-1 expression and subsequent upregulation of PGC-1α and SIRT-1 expression. Thus, upregulation protects NGF-differentiated PC12 cells from OGD/R-induced oxidative cytotoxicity. In conclusion, H2 inhalation exerted protective effects on neonatal rats with HIBI. Early initiation and prolonged H2 inhalation had better protective effects on HIBI. These effects of H2 may be related to antioxidant, antiapoptotic, and anti-inflammatory responses. HO-1 plays an important role in H2-mediated protection through the MAPK/HO-1/PGC-1α pathway. Our results support further assessment of H2 as a potential therapeutic for neurological conditions in which oxidative stress and apoptosis are implicated.
Effects of Bacterial Translocation and Autophagy on Acute Lung Injury Induced by Severe Acute Pancreatitis
Authors: Wang Hanlin , Li Chang , Jiang Yingjian , Li Hongbo , Zhang Dianliang
Published: February 2020

Aim. To reveal the role of bacterial translocation (BT) and autophagy in severe acute pancreatitis-induced acute lung injury (SAP-ALI). Methods. Rats were separated into a control (sham-operation) group (n=10) and a SAP group (n=30). Sodium taurocholate (5%) was retrogradely injected into the cholangiopancreatic duct to induce SAP-ALI in rats. Then, 16S rDNA sequencing was used to detect bacterial translocation (BT). Hematoxylin eosin staining (HE) was used to detect morphological changes to the pancreas, intestine, and lung. And lung tissue wet/dry weight ratio (W/D ratio) was used to assess the extent of pulmonary edema. The expressions of LC3II and Beclin1 proteins were analyzed by western blot and immunofluorescence. Glutathione peroxidase (GPx), malondialdehyde (MDA), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were used to assess oxidative stress in lung tissue. Results. Levels of TNF-α, IL-6, lipase, and amylase in the SAP group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P<0.01). Histopathological score and W/D ratio of the lung in the SAP-BT(+) group were significantly higher than that in the SAP-BT(-) group (P<0.01). LC3II expression was higher in the SAP-BT(-) group than that in the SAP-BT(+) group (P<0.01). The results were consistent with those of LC3II immunofluorescence assay. The expression of Beclin1 was similar to that of LC3II (P<0.01). MDA content in the SAP-BT(+) group was significantly higher than that in the SAP-BT(-) group (P<0.01), whereas SOD and GPX activities were opposite (P<0.01). Conclusions. BT can aggravate SAP-ALI with the increasing oxidative stress level, which may be related to the decrease of autophagy level.
Epidemiological and Clinical Profile of Dermatoses Observed in Chronic Hemodialysis Patients at the National Teaching Hospital (NTH-HKM) of Cotonou, Benin
Authors: Adégbidi Hugues , Akpadjan Fabrice , Houngbo Odile , Vigan Jacques , Dégboé Bérénice , Agbessi Nadège , Koudoukpo Christiane , Atadokpèdé Félix
Published: February 2020

Introduction. Dermatological damage in chronic hemodialysis patients is not uncommon. In Benin, to date, no study on the dermatological manifestations of chronic hemodialysis patients has been carried out. However, the presence of cutaneous signs is evident in these patients, and the need for dermatological care is not negligible. The objective of this study was to identify the epidemiological and clinical profile of the main dermatological manifestations presented by chronic hemodialysis patients at the NTH-HKM of Cotonou (Benin). Methods. This was a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted in chronic hemodialysis patients from May 15th to September 15th, 2018. Included were all patients seen during the study period who had been on hemodialysis for at least three months, had at least one dermatological manifestation, and gave verbal or written consent. Chronic hemodialysis patients who did not wish to participate in the survey were excluded. Results. 87 patients were included in the study for a hospital frequency of 33.8%. The sex ratio (male to female) was 2. The median age was 49 years (IQ [40.75–59]). Median age in hemodialysis was 36 months with two weekly sessions. The main dermatological manifestations were xerosis (48.3%), pruritus (34.5%), alopecia (14%), nail dystrophy (9.2%), equisegmented nails (8%), and melanoderma (8%). Pruritus was associated with a longer duration of hemodialysis sessions p=0.01, while xerosis, alopecia, and melanoderma were associated with seniority in hemodialysis. Conclusion. Cutaneous manifestations in hemodialysis patients were frequent and dominated by xerosis, pruritus, and alopecia. Factors associated with some of these dermatologic manifestations were seniority in hemodialysis, long duration of the hemodialysis session, and female gender.
Growth and Approximation of Laplace-Stieltjes Transform with p,q-Proximate Order Converges on the Whole Plane
Authors: Cui Yong Qin , Xu Hong Yan
Published: February 2020

One purpose of this paper is to study the growth of entire functions defined by Laplace-Stieltjes transform converges on the whole complex plane, by introducing the concept of p,q-proximate order, and one equivalence theorem of the p,q-proximate order of Laplace-Stieltjes transforms is obtained. Besides, the second purpose of this paper is to investigate the approximation of entire functions defined by Laplace-Stieltjes transforms with p,q-proximate order, and some results about the p,q-proximate order, the error, and the coefficients of Laplace-Stieltjes transforms are obtained, which are generalization and improvement of the previous theorems given by Luo and Kong, Singhal, and Srivastava.
Dichlorophosphoranides Stabilized by Formamidinium Substituents
Authors: Marchenko Anatoliy , Koidan Georgyi , Hurieva Anastasiya , Rusanov Eduard , Rozhenko Alexander B. , Kostyuk Aleksandr
Published: February 2020

Dichlorophosphoranides featuring N,N-dimethyl-N′-arylformamidine substituents were isolated as individual compounds. Dichlorophosphoranide 9 was prepared by the multicomponent reaction of C-trimethylsilyl-N,N-dimethyl-N′-phenylformamidine and N,N-dimethyl-N′-phenylformamidine with phosphorus trichloride. Its molecular structure derived from a single-crystal X-ray diffraction was compared to the analogous dibromophosphoranide prepared previously by us by the reaction of phosphorus tribromide with N,N-dimethyl-N′-phenylformamidine. It was shown that a chlorophosphine featuring two N,N-dimethyl-N′-mesitylformamidine substituents reacted with hydrogen chloride to form dichlorophosphoranide 11. Its molecular structure was also determined by X-ray analysis and compared with that of closely related dichlorophosphoranide C.
Antitumor Activity of the IGF-1/IGF-2–Neutralizing Antibody Xentuzumab (BI 836845) in Combination with Enzalutamide in Prostate Cancer Models
Authors: Weyer-Czernilofsky Ulrike , Hofmann Marco H. , Friedbichler Katrin , Baumgartinger Rosa , Adam Paul J. , Solca Flavio , Kraut Norbert , Nguyen Holly M. , Corey Eva , Liu Gang , Sprenger Cynthia C. , Plymate Stephen R. , Bogenrieder Thomas
Published: February 2020

Androgen deprivation therapy and second-generation androgen receptor signaling inhibitors such as enzalutamide are standard treatments for advanced/metastatic prostate cancer. Unfortunately, most men develop resistance and relapse; signaling via insulin-like growth factor (IGF) has been implicated in castration-resistant prostate cancer. We evaluated the antitumor activity of xentuzumab (IGF ligand–neutralizing antibody), alone and in combination with enzalutamide, in prostate cancer cell lines (VCaP, DuCaP, MDA PCa 2b, LNCaP, and PC-3) using established in vitro assays, and in vivo, using LuCaP 96CR, a prostate cancer patient-derived xenograft (PDX) model. Xentuzumab + enzalutamide reduced the viability of phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN)-expressing VCaP, DuCaP, and MDA PCa 2b cells more than either single agent, and increased antiproliferative activity and apoptosis induction in VCaP. Xentuzumab or xentuzumab + enzalutamide inhibited IGF type 1 receptor and AKT serine/threonine kinase (AKT) phosphorylation in VCaP, DuCaP, and MDA PCa 2b cells; xentuzumab had no effect on AKT phosphorylation and proliferation in PTEN-null LNCaP or PC-3 cells. Knockdown of PTEN led to loss of antiproliferative activity of xentuzumab and reduced activity of xentuzumab + enzalutamide in VCaP cells. Xentuzumab + enzalutamide inhibited the growth of castration-resistant LuCaP 96CR PDX with acquired resistance to enzalutamide, and improved survival in vivo. The data suggest that xentuzumab + enzalutamide combination therapy may overcome castration resistance and could be effective in patients who are resistant to enzalutamide alone. PTEN status as a biomarker of responsiveness to combination therapy needs further investigation.
Early Detection of the Risk of Developing Psychiatric Disorders: A Study of 461 Chinese University Students under Chronic Stress
Authors: Zhang Meng , Bridler René , Mohr Christine , Moragrega Ines , Sun Ningning , Xu Zhaoyue , Yang Zimo , Possenti Michela , Stassen Hans H.
Published: February 2020

Chronic stress, a characteristic of modern time, has a significant impact on general health. In the context of psychiatric disorders, insufficient coping behavior under chronic stress has been linked to higher rates of (1) depressive symptoms among subjects of the general population, (2) relapse among patients under treatment for clinical depression, and (3) negative symptoms among subjects with an elevated vulnerability to psychosis. In this normative study we assessed basic coping behavior among 461 Chinese freshman university students along with their consumption behavior and general health in terms of regular exercises, physical health, psychosomatic disturbances, and mental health. The assessments relied on two instruments that have already demonstrated their capability of (1) reliably detecting insufficient coping behavior under chronic stress and (2) reliably quantifying the interrelation between coping behavior and mental health in the Western world. Thus, we aimed to complement existing data and to develop a generally available, socioculturally independent tool that can be used for the early detection of subjects with an elevated risk of mental health problems. Structural analyses yielded essentially the same scales “activity” and “defeatism” as previous studies on 2,500 students from Switzerland, Italy, Spain, the USA, and Argentina. These scales explained 74.3% of the observed variance in coping behavior among the 461 Chinese students. We found highly significant correlations (p < 0.0001) between the “defeatism” scale on the one hand, and the scales “regular use of medicine,” “psychosomatic disturbances,” and “impaired mental health” on the other. Particularly intriguing was the finding that a neural net classifier could be constructed to identify students with the highest contributions to the interrelation between “coping behavior” and “mental health,” yielding a correlation coefficient as high as r = 0.597 for the respective subgroup. Based on the normative data, an online tool for risk assessments was developed with immediate feedback to users. This study provided another piece of evidence regarding the close link between basic coping behavior and mental health, across cultures and ethnicities. In consequence, our approach to quantifying basic coping behavior, along with other risk factors, can be expected to clear the way for an “early” detection of students with an elevated risk of stress-related mental health problems, nota bene prior to the development of clinically relevant symptoms. The socioeconomic impact of the potential prevention of depressive ­disorders, and psychiatric disorders in general, may be enormous.
Assessing Bleeding Risk in Bariatric Surgeries: A Retrospective Analysis Study
Authors: Susmallian Sergio , Danoch Revital , Raskin Benjamin , Raziel Asnat , Barnea Royi , Dvora Pikkel
Published: February 2020

Objective: To determine the factors that influence bleeding during the course of bariatric surgeries. Background: Bariatric surgery is safe with a low percentage of complications compared with other abdominal surgeries. Bleeding is one of the most common complications in surgery for obesity that has the risk of being catastrophic. Methods: The study includes 8,544 cases that underwent bariatric surgery from January 2013 to March 2016 retrospectively, in 4 private institutions. Multiple demographic data were collected: patient characteristics, diseases, medications, surgery type, operative technique, devices, surgeon’s skill, and volume. Results: Bleeding was the most frequent complication that occurred in 122 (1.3%) patients. The Gastric bypass had the highest rate of bleeding (3.05%) of which, 20% were intraoperative bleeding and 80% postoperatively (intra-abdominal in 75%, and intra-luminal in 5%). Simultaneous surgeries, revisional surgeries, stratification of body mass index, stapler line reinforcement, and hospital volume did not affect bleeding occurrence. The determining factors for bleeding were hypertension, chronic lung disease, age >45 years, arrhythmia, and surgeon’s skills. Conclusion: Bleeding after bariatric surgery has a low occurrence. The factors that influence the occurrence of perioperative bleeding in bariatric surgery are: hypertension, chronic lung disease, age >45 years, arrhythmia, and surgeon’s skills.
Influência da mídia televisiva no consumo de bebidas alcoólicas por universitários
Authors: Porto Alana Oliveira , Rios Marcela Andrade , De Souza Dieslley Amorim
Published: February 2020

Objetivou-se discutir a publicidade de bebidas alcoólicas na mídia televisiva e o consumo de bebidas alcoólicas por universitários por meio de uma revisão integrativa de literatura. O estudo foi realizado com 25 artigos, das bases de dados LILACS e MEDLINE, publicados entre os anos 2011 e 2017. Verificou-se que a referência ao consumo de álcool na televisão tem atingido grupos vulneráveis utilizando-se de diversas estratégias que incentivam este consumo. Considera-se necessário educar os jovens de maneira que estes exerçam sua criticidade na análise do que é exposto pela mídia.
Auriculoterapia como cuidado de enfermería para disminuir el consumo de marihuana y cocaína
Authors: Ontiveros-González María Lourdes , Casique-Casique Leticia , Muñoz-Torres Teresita De Jesús
Published: February 2020

Comprobar la efectividad de la auriculoterapia como cuidado de enfermería en la disminución del consumo de marihuana y cocaína en el adulto joven. Material y métodos: estudio cuantitativo, correlacional y aplicado con un diseño pre-experimental, longitudinal y prolectivo. n=10 individuos. Se utilizó el SPSS v.17., aplicándose prueba Z para dos proporciones relacionadas y Wilcoxon (p<0.05; IC 95%). Resultados: el consumo de cocaína mostró una p=<0.05 con un IC del 95%, concluyendo que la auriculoterapia es efectiva en la disminución del consumo de cocaína en el adulto joven. Conclusiones: el consumo de drogas psicoactivas tiene la necesidades de ser abordado desde diferentes enfoque del cuidado.
Avaliação do consumo de álcool entre adolescentes e os problemas associados
Authors: Nadaleti Nayara Pires , Muro Eliene Sousa , De Carvalho Camila Csizmar , De Assis Bianca Bacelar , Da Silva Denis Moreira , Chaves Erika De Cássia Lopes
Published: February 2020

Investigar o consumo de álcool por adolescentes e os problemas associados ao mesmo. Métodos: estudo descritivo e transversal, realizado com 209 alunos do ensino fundamental II. Coleta de dados: aplicou-se um Formulário de avaliação do perfil sociodemográfico, dados antropométricos, Drug Use Screening Inventory. Resultados: o consumo de álcool foi na mesma proporção entre meninos e meninas com idade superior a 13 anos. Os adolescentes que utilizaram álcool apresentaram maior probabilidade de se envolverem em situações de risco, como acidentes automobilísticos e dificuldades para resistir ao uso de outras drogas. Conclusão: o álcool causa efeitos negativos à vida do adolescente e a influência de amigos e de familiares pode potencializar seu consumo.
Prevalência do consumo de substâncias psicotrópicas por motoristas de ônibus urbano
Authors: Barbosa Luciano Augusto da Silva , Andrade André Luiz Monezi , Oliveira Lúcio Garcia de , Micheli Denise De
Published: February 2020

Objetivo: investigar a prevalência do consumo de substâncias psicotrópicas por motoristas de ônibus urbano através da revisão de estudos publicados sobre o consumo de drogas por essa população e identificar a associação entre esse consumo e as variáveis sociodemográficas e ocupacionais inerentes à profissão. Método: revisão sistemática de literatura utilizando as bases MEDLINE, LILACS, SciELO, EMBASE, PsycINFO e CAPES, utilizando-se os descritores: motoristas de ônibus, motoristas de ônibus urbano, uso de drogas e consumo de drogas, de julho a dezembro de 2015. Resultados: esses profissionais estão cotidianamente expostos a importantes fatores estressores ocupacionais e o consumo de drogas pode estar relacionado a uma estratégia negativa de enfrentamento do estresse. O uso de drogas entre esses profissionais é preocupante, bem como a evidente relação entre esse uso e a ocorrência de acidentes de trânsito. Conclusão: estressores inerentes à profissão e respostas pouco eficazes ao estresse podem levar tais profissionais ao uso de substâncias psicotrópicas. Faz-se necessária a realização de estudos sobre a prevalência do consumo de drogas em uma amostra significativa de motoristas de ônibus urbano.
As diferenças de idade e gênero entre usuários de CAPS ad e as implicações na rede de atenção
Authors: Lopes Marcos Antonio , Sprícigo Jonas Salomão , Mitjavila Myriam Raquel , Schneider Daniela Ribeiro , Abreu Deidvid
Published: February 2020

Este estudo faz parte das atividades do Programa de Educação pelo Trabalho para a Saúde (PET-Saúde) e teve como objetivo realizar um levantamento clínico e sociodemográfico dos usuários dos Centros de Atenção Psicossocial, Álcool e Outras Drogas (CAPSs ad) de Florianópolis. Método: é um estudo observacional e transversal. Os dados foram coletados dos prontuários eletrônicos. Resultados: a população foi composta de 1.191 usuários dos CAPSs ad Continente e Ilha. No CAPS ad Ilha, as mulheres dependentes de álcool eram mais jovens do que os homens (p=0,075) e, em ambos CAPS ad, os usuários de cocaína/crack eram mais jovens do que os de álcool (p<0,05). Conclusão: as diferenças etárias e de gênero têm implicações na rede de atenção.
A utilização do álcool como mediador social entre universitários
Authors: Soares Wellington Danilo , Paz Carolina Júnia Reis , Fagundes Ludmila Cotrim , Freitas Daniel Antunes , Jones Kimberly Marie , Barbosa Henrique Andrade
Published: February 2020

INTRODUÇÃO: o consumo de álcool entre adolescentes é maior entre os universitários e gera consequências acadêmicas negativas. Os hábitos de consumo adotados nesse período da vida são decisivos, já que, em sua maioria, são mantidos na vida adulta. OBJETIVO: avaliar a produção científica acerca da utilização do álcool como mediador social entre universitários. MÉTODO: revisão integrativa realizada nas bases de dados Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS), PUBMED e Scientific Eletronic Library Online (SciELO), com duas combinações dos cinco descritores: Consumo de bebidas alcoólicas; AND Estudantes; AND Educação Superior; AND Socialização; AND Álcool. RESULTADOS: na busca inicial, encontraram-se 665 artigos; após análise criteriosa e aplicação dos critérios de seleção, 21 foram utilizados. Como delineamento, prevaleceram 14 estudos qualitativos, 5 ensaios controlados randomizados, 1 não randomizado e 1 coorte. CONCLUSÃO: o alcoolismo entre universitários constitui um problema no âmbito da educação e saúde e que precisa de ações efetivas a fim de controlar suas consequências em curto e longo prazo.
A pesquisa sobre ética na Comunicação Organizacional
Authors: Martino Luis Mauro Sá , Rivelli Fernanda Queiroz
Published: February 2020

De que “ética” estamos falando na pesquisa em Relações Públicas e Comunicação Organizacional? A partir da análise de 27 artigos sobre o tema publicados de 2004 a 2018 foi possível observar que (1) a maioria dos textos não discute o conceito de “ética”, mas emprega-o a partir de definições prévias, sobretudo etimológicas; (2) o método principal é a reflexão teórica acompanhada de exemplos, seguido por entrevistas e estudos de caso; (3) as referências são tomadas principalmente a partir da Filosofia e Administração: estudos de comunicação são cerca de 30% das referências. Esses pontos são analisados no contexto da epistemologia da comunicação.
Main innovation initiatives in communication in Brazil and their relationship with the ecosystem
Authors: Araújo Lucas Vieira de
Published: February 2020

This research aims to identify and characterise the main innovation movements in communication in Brazil, as well as how they support themselves and interact with the ecosystem. This study conducted a qualitative and exploratory research, gathering primary and secondary data by structured interview, documental research and participant observation. The results from this study demonstrate that the grade of innovation is reduced in all universes, innovation is incremental and that there is a general lack of integration between the ecosystem entities.
As contribuições da economia da confiança para o empreendedorismo a partir das tecnologias digitais de comunicação
Authors: Costa Ramon Bezerra , Rocha Larissa Leda Fonseca
Published: February 2020

A partir de uma pesquisa sobre a chamada economia da confiança, este trabalho tem como objetivo identificar e analisar de que forma seus três eixos – dinâmica entre pares, confiança entre desconhecidos e abundância de recursos – podem orientar a experiência empreendedora contemporaneamente. Apoiando-se em revisão bibliográfica, discutiremos o empreendedorismo atualmente a partir de sua interface com as tecnologias digitais de comunicação.
A dimensão comunicacional da inovação
Authors: Oliverio Marcio Araujo
Published: February 2020

Estudo sobre a dimensão comunicacional de inovação a partir das perspectivas do impacto das tecnologias de informação e comunicação (TIC’s) na pesquisa e desenvolvimento. O estudo concluiu que a quantidade de informação disponível atualmente possibilitou mais opções de pesquisas e desenvolvimento para os empreendedores, porém há necessidade, dentro desse cenário de avanços tecnológicos, de reflexão crítica sobre o impacto dessas tecnologias no mercado de trabalho, na formação educacional, na privacidade dos dados e na livre circulação de ideias.
Warfarin Accelerates Medial Arterial Calcification in Humans
Authors: Alappan Harish R. , Kaur Gurleen , Manzoor Shumila , Navarrete Jose , O’Neill W. Charles
Published: February 2020

Objective:

Warfarin is associated with medial arterial calcification in humans, but the magnitude and specificity of this effect and the role of other risk factors are unknown. Using serial mammograms, progression of arterial calcification was compared in women receiving no anticoagulants, warfarin, or other anticoagulants, and before, during, and after warfarin use.

Approach and Results:

Warfarin users with mammograms were identified by computerized searches of medical records that included renal function and diabetes mellitus. Lengths of calcified arterial segments were measured, with progression expressed as millimeters per breast per year and presented as medians and interquartile range (IQR). In women with normal renal function (estimated glomerular filtration rate >60 mL/minute per 1.73 m
2
), progression was 3.9-fold greater in warfarin users: 9.9 (3.8–16) versus 2.5 (0.7–6.7) in controls,
P
=0.0003, but not increased in users of other anticoagulants. In longitudinal analyses, progression increased from 2.1 (IQR, 0.3–3.9) to 13.8 (IQR, 7.8–38.7;
P
=0.011) after starting warfarin (n=11) and decreased from 8.8 (IQR, 1.1–10) to 1.9 (IQR, −10 to 6.7;
P
=0.024) after discontinuation of warfarin (n=13). Progression of calcification was similar in warfarin users with chronic kidney disease (7.3 [IQR, 3.6–17], n=29) but markedly accelerated in warfarin users with end-stage renal disease (47 [IQR, 31–183], n=11;
P
=0.0002). Progression was similar in diabetic and nondiabetic warfarin users (10.1 [IQR, 3.8–24] versus 7.8 [IQR, 3.6–15]) and did not correlate with age (
r
=0.09) or duration of warfarin therapy (
r
=0.12).

Conclusions:

Warfarin significantly accelerates medial arterial calcification in humans. This effect is markedly augmented in end-stage renal disease.
Automated Noncontact Ultrasound Imaging and Ablation System for the Treatment of Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Turagam Mohit K. , Petru Jan , Neuzil Petr , Kakita Ken , Kralovec Stepan , Harari David , Phillips Patrick , Piazza Danielo , Whang William , Dukkipati Srinivas R. , Reddy Vivek Y.
Published: February 2020

Background:

Catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation (AF) using point-by-point radiofrequency energy or single-application one-shot balloons is either technically challenging or have limited ability to accommodate variable patient anatomy to achieve acute and durable pulmonary vein (PV) isolation. A novel ablation system employs low intensity collimated ultrasound (LICU)-guided anatomic mapping and robotic ablation to isolate PVs. In this first-in-human, single-center, multioperator trial, VALUE trial (VytronUS Ablation System for Treatment of Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation; NCT03639597) in patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation, this LICU system was evaluated to determine its safety, effectiveness in PV isolation, and freedom from recurrent atrial arrhythmias.

Methods:

In the enrolled 52 patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation, ultrasound M-mode–based left atrial anatomies were successfully created, and ablation was performed under robotic control along an operator-defined lesion path. The LICU system software advanced over the course of the study: the last 13 patients were ablated with enhanced software.

Results:

Acute PV isolation was achieved in 98% of PVs—using LICU-only in 77.3% (153/198) of PVs and requiring touch-up with a standard radiofrequency ablation catheter in 22.7% (45/198) PVs. The touch-up rate decreased to 5.8% (3/52) in patients undergoing LICU-ablation with enhanced software. Freedom from atrial arrhythmia recurrence was 79.6% (39/49 patients) at 12 months or 92.3% (12/13 patients) with the enhanced software. Major adverse events occurred in 3 patients (5.8%): one had transient diaphragmatic paralysis, one vascular access complication, and one had transient ST-segment elevation from air-embolism, without sequelae.

Conclusions:

In this first-in-human study, low- intensity collimated ultrasound-guided anatomic mapping and robotic ablation allows PV isolation with good chronic safety; PV isolation success is improving with device enhancements.

Registration:

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
; Unique identifier: NCT03639597.
Polyploidy in Cardiomyocytes
Authors: Derks Wouter , Bergmann Olaf
Published: February 2020

The hallmark of most cardiac diseases is the progressive loss of cardiomyocytes. In the perinatal period, cardiomyocytes still proliferate, and the heart shows the capacity to regenerate upon injury. In the adult heart, however, the actual rate of cardiomyocyte renewal is too low to efficiently counteract substantial cell loss caused by cardiac injury. In mammals, cardiac growth by cell number expansion changes to growth by cardiomyocyte enlargement soon after birth, coinciding with a period in which most cardiomyocytes increase their DNA content by multinucleation and nuclear polyploidization. Although cardiomyocyte hypertrophy is often associated with these processes, whether polyploidy is a prerequisite or a consequence of hypertrophic growth is unclear. Both the benefits of cardiomyocyte enlargement over proliferative growth of the heart and the physiological role of polyploidy in cardiomyocytes are enigmatic. Interestingly, hearts in animal species with substantial cardiac regenerative capacity dominantly comprise diploid cardiomyocytes, raising the hypothesis that cardiomyocyte polyploidy poses a barrier for cardiomyocyte proliferation and subsequent heart regeneration. On the contrary, there is also evidence for self-duplication of multinucleated myocytes, suggesting a more complex picture of polyploidy in heart regeneration. Polyploidy is not restricted to the heart but also occurs in other cell types in the body. In this review, we explore the biological relevance of polyploidy in different species and tissues to acquire insight into its specific role in cardiomyocytes. Furthermore, we speculate about the physiological role of polyploidy in cardiomyocytes and how this might relate to renewal and regeneration.
Intestinal Flora Modulates Blood Pressure by Regulating the Synthesis of Intestinal-Derived Corticosterone in High Salt-Induced Hypertension
Authors: Yan Xuefang , Jin Jiajia , Su Xinhuan , Yin Xianlun , Gao Jing , Wang Xiaowei , Zhang Shucui , Bu Peili , Wang Mansen , Zhang Yun , Wang Zhe , Zhang Qunye
Published: February 2020

Rationale:

High-salt diet is one of the most important risk factors for hypertension. Intestinal flora has been reported to be associated with high salt–induced hypertension (hSIH). However, the detailed roles of intestinal flora in hSIH pathogenesis have not yet been fully elucidated.

Objective:

To reveal the roles and mechanisms of intestinal flora in hSIH development.

Methods and Results:

The abovementioned issues were investigated using various techniques including 16S rRNA gene sequencing, untargeted metabolomics, selective bacterial culture, and fecal microbiota transplantation. We found that high-salt diet induced hypertension in Wistar rats. The fecal microbiota of healthy rats could dramatically lower blood pressure (BP) of hypertensive rats, whereas the fecal microbiota of hSIH rats had opposite effects. The composition, metabolism, and interrelationship of intestinal flora in hSIH rats were considerably reshaped, including the increased corticosterone level and reduced
Bacteroides
and arachidonic acid levels, which tightly correlated with BP. The serum corticosterone level was also significantly increased in rats with hSIH. Furthermore, the above abnormalities were confirmed in patients with hypertension. The intestinal
Bacteroides fragilis
could inhibit the production of intestinal-derived corticosterone induced by high-salt diet through its metabolite arachidonic acid.

Conclusions:

hSIH could be transferred by fecal microbiota transplantation, indicating the pivotal roles of intestinal flora in hSIH development. High-salt diet reduced the levels of
B fragilis
and arachidonic acid in the intestine, which increased intestinal-derived corticosterone production and corticosterone levels in serum and intestine, thereby promoting BP elevation. This study revealed a novel mechanism different from inflammation/immunity by which intestinal flora regulated BP, namely intestinal flora could modulate BP by affecting steroid hormone levels. These findings enriched the understanding of the function of intestinal flora and its effects on hypertension.
Role of DJ‐1 in Modulating Glycative Stress in Heart Failure
Authors: Shimizu Yuuki , Nicholson Chad K. , Polavarapu Rohini , Pantner Yvanna , Husain Ahsan , Naqvi Nawazish , Chin Lih‐Shen , Li Lian , Calvert John W.
Published: February 2020

Background

DJ
‐1 is a ubiquitously expressed protein typically associated with the development of early onset Parkinson disease. Recent data suggest that it also plays a role in the cellular response to stress. Here, we sought to determine the role
DJ
‐1 plays in the development of heart failure.

Methods and Results

Initial studies found that
DJ
‐1 deficient mice (
DJ
‐1 knockout; male; 8–10 weeks of age) exhibited more severe left ventricular cavity dilatation, cardiac dysfunction, hypertrophy, and fibrosis in the setting of ischemia‐reperfusion–induced heart failure when compared with wild‐type littermates. In contrast, the overexpression of the active form of
DJ
‐1 using a viral vector approach resulted in significant improvements in the severity of heart failure when compared with mice treated with a control virus. Subsequent studies aimed at evaluating the underlying protective mechanisms found that cardiac
DJ
‐1 reduces the accumulation of advanced glycation end products and activation of the receptor for advanced glycation end products—thus, reducing glycative stress.

Conclusions

These results indicate that
DJ
‐1 is an endogenous cytoprotective protein that protects against the development of ischemia‐reperfusion–induced heart failure by reducing glycative stress. Our findings also demonstrate the feasibility of using a gene therapy approach to deliver the active form of
DJ
‐1 to the heart as a therapeutic strategy to protect against the consequences of ischemic injury, which is a major cause of death in western populations.
Title does matter
Authors: Njire Braticevic Marina , Babic Ivana , Abramovic Irena , Jokic Anja , Horvat Martina
Published: February 2020

Introduction: First impression on potential readers is created by the title; therefore, authors should give importance to the title structure. The aim of this study was to establish whether articles created by a smaller number of authors and with shorter, descriptive or declarative titles gain more citations and whether article title length and number of authors correlate to the number of citations.
Material and methods: A cross-sectional study on article citation data for 30 scientific journals published in 2016 in Medical Laboratory Technology field according to Web of Science database was conducted. The type of article, type of title, as well as number of words in the title and number of authors was recorded.
Results: In the group of original articles (N = 2623), articles with declarative titles (N = 336, 13%) showed statistically higher number of citations in multiple comparison analysis when compared to descriptive titles (P < 0.001). No correlation was found between number of citations and title word count (r = 0.07, P < 0.001) nor between number of citations and number of authors in group of original articles (r = 0.09, P < 0.001). Original articles with descriptive titles longer than 15 words or with more than six authors are cited more (P = 0.005 and P < 0.001, respectively).
Conclusion: Based on results of our study, titles do matter. Therefore, authors of original articles might want to consider including their findings in the title and having longer titles.
Charisma in Relation: Peter the Hermit and the Ecclesiastic Hierarchy
Authors: Weitzel Tim
Published: February 2020

The Crusades were—and still are—considered as papal wars. However, the phenomenon was also a setting of other authorities, like Peter the Hermit. Drawing on Weber’s sociology of charisma, this article seeks to examine the relationship between the Hermit and Pope Urban ii. While Weber postulates a necessary tension between the charisma of office and genuine charisma, e.g., between priests and prophets, the historical evidence is remarkably different: the chroniclers have portrayed the relationship between the Pope and the Hermit as both complementary and supplementary. By taking this analytical perspective, the article seeks to historicize the almost axiomatic status of Weber’s theorem.
Three new species of the Andean genus Brunellia (Brunelliaceae) from Colombia and Ecuador

Authors: OROZCO CLARA INÉS , PÉREZ ÁLVARO J. , ROMOLEROUX KATYA , BOHÓRQUEZ-OSORIO ANDRÉS FELIPE , ALDANA JOSÉ MURILLO
Published: February 2020

Three new species of Brunellia are described; their morphology and affinities with other species and their conservation status are discussed. Two of them are endemic to Colombia: Brunellia alnifolia, characterized by three simple and verticellate leaves per node and boat–shaped endocarps, and Brunellia gracilis, with pinnate leaves and urceolate endocarps. The third species, Brunellia hippocrepiformis, is endemic to Ecuador. On account of the morphology of leaves, stipules and follicles, it differs from all other Brunellia species.
Two new species of Australopericoma Vaillant (Diptera: Psychodidae: Psychodinae) from the Brazilian Atlantic Rainforest
Authors: ARAÚJO MAÍRA XAVIER , BRAVO FREDDY
Published: February 2020

Two new moth fly species, Australopericoma onofrei sp. nov. and Australopericoma xavierae sp. nov., are described from the Atlantic Rainforest in the state of Bahia, Brazil. A new record of Australopericoma dissimilis Bravo from the state of Sergipe, Brazil and an updated species list are also provided.
A new species of Amystax Roelofs, 1873 endemic to the mountainous area of the Yakushima World Natural Heritage site, Kyushu, Japan
Authors: KOJIMA HIROAKI , YÔRO TAKESHI
Published: February 2020

Amystax urara Kojima and Yôro, sp. nov. is described from the mountainous area of the Yakushima World Natural Heritage island, Kyushu, southwestern Japan. Adult weevils were captured on leaves of Pieris japonica var. yakushimensis and Buxus microphylla var. japonica (Ericaceae and Buxaceae, respectively). This is the second species of this genus known from the island.
Panaque nigrolineatus laurafabianae, a new, commercially exploited subspecies of ornamental wood-eating pleco (Loricariidae: Hypostominae) from the Guaviare River basin in Colombia
Authors: ORTEGA-LARA ARMANDO , LUJAN NATHAN K.
Published: February 2020

The suckermouth armored catfish genus Panaque contains seven valid species, including the Royal Pleco, Panaque nigrolineatus, which has long been popular as an ornamental aquarium fish and was originally described from the Apure River basin in Venezuela. We examine a phenotypically distinct population of P. nigrolineatus from the Guaviare River in southern Colombia at the southwesternmost corner of the Orinoco River basin. In contrast to typically boldly striped populations from closer to the type locality of P. nigrolineatus, the Guaviare River basin population is usually boldly spotted, earning them the common name Watermelon Pleco in the aquarium fish trade. Because of the commercial popularity of this distinctive color morph, it is heavily exploited for export to the global ornamental fish trade. We find that the Guaviare River P. nigrolineatus laurafabianae is not only distinct geographically and in color pattern, but is also morphometrically diagnosable from P. nigrolineatus individuals from outside the Guaviare River basin. However, relatively subtle phenotypic differences, invariance in nuclear DNA markers, < 0.5% divergence in mitochondrial DNA markers 16S, cytb, and ND2, and the non-monophyly of Guaviare River populations prevent us from robustly inferring species-level distinctiveness of the Watermelon Pleco. We therefore propose to recognize this population as a distinct subspecies.