bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Eksplorasi Etnomatematika pada Ukiran Toraja
Authors: Jainuddin Jainuddin , Steven Silalong Elia , Syamsuddin Agustan
Published: July 2022

Penelitianinimengkajikonsep-konsepgeometriukiranToraja yang terdapat padabangunanadatTorajayaitu lumbung. Penelitianinimerupakanpenelitiankualitatifdenganpendekatanetnografi, dimanateknikdalampengumpulan data akandilakukandengancaraobservasi, wawancara, catatanlapangan, dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitianmenunjukkan, ukiran yang terdapat pada lumbung mempunyainilaiseni yang tinggi yang memuatkonsepgeometri. Konsepgeometriyang terdapat pada ukiranlumbung (alang)diantaranyaadalah garis sejajar, garis lengkung,segitiga, persegi, persegipanjang,belah ketupatlingkaran, sudut, dan simetrilipat. Motif ukiranTorajaterinspirasidariceritarakyat, binatang yang disakralkan, benda di langit, peralatanrumahtangga,bendaberharga, dan tumbuh-tumbuhanyang tertuangdalamkonsepgeometriinimemiliki arti dan maknafilosofimasing-masing berupapesan dan nasehatberdasarkanfalsafahpandanganhidup orang Toraja. Uniknya, arti dan maknasetiap motif ukiransesuaidenganajarankepercayaananimismetua (aluktodolo) yang dianut oleh nenekmoyangmasyarakatTorajayang bersumberdariduaajaranutama,yaitu: (1) ajarantertua yang menyebarsecaraluas di Toraja (aluksandapitunna)yang bersumberdariajaran agama (sukaranaluk) yang meliputialuk(upacara),pemali (larangan), sangka’ (kebenaranumum), dan salunna (kejadiansesuaialurnya). (2) aluksandasaratu’ yang hanyaberkembang di daerahtallulembangna. Kata Kunci :Kebudayaan, Etnomatematika, Ukiran, KonsepGeometri
Deskripsi Kesalahan Siswa dalam Menyelesaikan Soal Matematika Pokok Bahasan Induksi Matematika
Authors: Ernawati Ernawati , Ilhamuddin Ilhamuddin
Published: July 2022

Abstrak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan kesalahan yang dilakukan siswa dalam menyelesaikan soal induksi matematika berdasarkan kesalahan konsep, kesalahan prosedur, dan kesalahan teknik. Jenis penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif. Subjek yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 6 subjek dari 9 subjek yang diambil dari kelas XI II SMA PGRI Sungguminasa yaitu 2 siswa yang melakukan kesalahan konsep, 2 siswa yang melakukan kesalahan prosedur, dan 2 siswa yang melakukan kesalahan teknik. Adapun instrumen dalam penelitian ini adalah lembar tes dan pedoman wawancara. Teknik pengumpulan data yang dilakukan yaitu dengan tes dan wawancara. Selanjutnya analisis seluruh data dilakukan melalui tahap reduksi data, tahap penyajian data, dan tahap penarikan kesimpulan. Sedangkan teknik triangulasi yang digunakan yaitu teknik triangulasi dengan metode yaitu membandingkan hasil tes dan wawancara. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa: (1) bentuk kesalahan konsep yang dilakukan siswa dalam menyelesaikan soal-soal induksi matematika, yakni menuliskan jawaban yang tidak sesuai dengan konsep pembuktian n = 1, keliru dalam menuliskan perubahan n menjadi k dan n menjadi k + 1, menuliskan n yang seharusnya sudah diganti menjadi k, keliru dalam menambahkan deret pada perubahan k  menjadi k + 1, dan tidak memberikan pembuktian untuk n = k + 1, (2) bentuk kesalahan prosedur yang dilakukan siswa dalam menyelesaikan soal-soal induksi matematika, yakni tidak menunjukkan adanya pembuktian n = 1, n = k, dan n = k + 1, serta tidak menuliskan kesimpulan akhir dari pembuktian sebagai bentuk penegasan bahwa pernyataan yang diberikan telah terbukti benar, dan (3) bentuk kesalahan teknik yang dilakukan siswa dalam menyelesaikan soal-soal induksi matematika, yakni kesalahan dalam memindahkan konstanta atau variabel dari satu langkah ke langkah berikutnya, menuliskan penyelesaian yang tidak diperlukan, kesalahan manipulasi aljabar, dan kesalahan penggunaan tanda operasi pada hasil perpangkatan.. Kata kunci :Kesalahan Konsep, Kesalahan Prosedur, Kesalahan Teknik, Induksi Matematika
Pengaruh Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Means Ends Analysis terhadap Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Matematika Siswa
Authors: Kristiawati Kristiawati , Ikrima Ikrima
Published: July 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui ada tidaknya pengaruh penerapan model pembelajaran Means Ends Analiysis terhadap Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Matematis Siswa Kelas VII SMP Pesantren Guppi Samata Kabupaten Gowa tahun ajaran 2019/2020. Jenis penelitian ini adalah Pre Experimental Desain dengan desain penelitian One Group Pretest-Posttest Design. Populasi pada penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa kelas VII SMP Pesantren Guppi Samata. Sampel pada penelitian ini adalah kelas VII.b. Adapun instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah lembar keterlaksanaan pembelajaran dan tes kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematika. Hasil penelitian mengungkapkan bahwa kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis siswa setelah diberikan perlakuan (posttest)  lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan sebelum diberikan perlakuan (pretest).  Hal ini dapat dilihat dari hasil posttest siswa sebesar 77,50 yang berada pada kategori tinggi. Dan  hasil pretest  siswa sebesar 39,68 yang berada pada kategori sangat rendah. Demikian pula hasil analisis secara inferensial menggunakan uji t satu sampel terhadap data pretest dan posttest, diperoleh hasil bahwa kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis siswa setelah diberikan perlakuan (posttest) lebih tinggi dibanding siswa yang diajar sebelum diberikan perlakuan (pretest). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa penerapan model pembelajaran Means Ends Analiysis berpengaruh terhadap kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis siswa pada kelas VII SMP Pesantren Guppi Samata Kabupaten Gowa.
27 Mayıs 1960 Tarihinde Yürürlükte Olan Ceza Mevzuatımız ve Evrensel Hukuk Bağlamında Yassıada Yargılamaları
Authors: GÖKCEN Ahmet , ÜNAL Ertuğrul
Published: July 2022

27 Mayıs 1960 günü demokratik seçimlerle gelmiş Demokrat Parti hükümeti ile TBMM tarafından seçilmiş cumhurbaşkanı Adnan Menderes’e karşı askeri hareket başlatılmıştır. Başlatılan askeri harekat ile hem Demokrat Parti Hükümeti ve hem de Cumhurbaşkanı işbaşından uzaklaştırılmış, yönetim Türk Silahlı Kuvvetlerinin içinden çıkan bir Cuntanın eline geçmiştir.

Bu cunta tarafından Marmara Denizinde bulunan bir adada kurulan olağanüstü mahkemede; başta Cumhurbaşkanı Celal Bayar, Başvekil Adnan Menderes olmak üzere, Demokrat Parti Hükümetinin bakanları, milletvekilleri ve onlarla birlikte hareket ettikleri kabul edilen çeşitli idari kademelerdeki bürokratlar yargılanmışlardır (14 Ekim 1960 -15 Eylül 1961). Adanın ismi Yassıada olduğu için burada yapılan yargılamalar da aynı isimle anılmaktadır.

Kural olarak hiç kimse işlediği zaman kanunda suç olarak tanımlanmamış bir fiilden dolayı cezalandırılamaz, fiilin işlenmesinden sonra daha ağır ceza içeren bir kanun değişikliğinde kişinin lehine olan kanun tatbik edilir. Ayrıca bir suç isnadıyla karşılaşan herkes adil yargılanma hakkına sahiptir.

Evrensel kabul gören ve insan hakları üzerine hazırlanmış bütün uluslararası sözleşmelerde yer bulan bu kurallar 27 Mayıs 1960 tarihinde yürürlükte bulunan 765 sayılı Türk Ceza Kanununun 1’inci ve 2’nci maddelerinde de yer almaktaydı. Buna rağmen Yassıada yargılamalarında kurulan özel yetkili mahkemelerde başta masumiyet karinesi ve suçta ve cezada kanunilik ilkesi olmak üzere evrensel hukuk ilkeleri ile kanunların amir hükmü sanıklar aleyhine ihlal edilmiştir. Daha da vahimi, bu ihlallerin sözde gerekçeleri, dönemin meşhur hukukçuları tarafından üretilmiştir.

Çalışmamızda Yassıada yargılamaları, ceza ve ceza muhakemesi hukuku kapsamında değerlendirilmiştir.
Paylı Malda Paylaşmayı İsteme Hakkının Uygun Olmayan Zamanda Kullanılması
Authors: DURSUN KARAAHMETOĞLU Şeyda
Published: July 2022

Paydaşlardan her biri paylı malın paylaşılmasını talep edebilir. Ancak uygun olmayan zamanda paydaşlar paylaşma isteminde bulunamazlar. Paylaşmayı isteme hakkına bir sınır teşkil eden “uygun olmayan zaman” kavramı yasal olarak tanımlanmamıştır. Yargıtay’ın vermiş olduğu kararlar ve doktrindeki görüşler dikkate alındığında paylaşma sebebiyle paylı mülkiyetin sona ermesi katlanılması güç külfete ya da zarara sebep olacaksa paylaşmanın talep edildiği zaman uygun olmayan zamandır. Hakim her somut olayda tüm paydaşların menfaatlerini dikkate alarak paylaşma için zamanın uygun olup olmadığını belirleyecektir. Paydaşların uygun olmayan zaman savunması defi niteliğindedir. Dolayısıyla paydaşlarca ileri sürülmedikçe hakim tarafından resen dikkate alınamayacaktır. Ancak somut olayda paylaşmayı isteme hakkının kullanılması aynı zamanda hakkın kötüye kullanılması teşkil ediyorsa hakim bu durumu kendiliğinden dikkate alabilir. Paydaşların savunması üzerine hakim de paylaşma için zamanın uygun olmadığı sonucuna varırsa paylaşma davası reddedilecektir. Davanın “uygun olmayan zaman” gerekçesiyle reddedilmesi halinde söz konusu karara dayanak teşkil eden koşulların değişmesi halinde, başka bir ifade ile, uygun zaman gelince paydaşlar paylaşma hakkını tekrar kullanabilecektir.
5510 Sayılı Kanuna Göre Sosyal Güvenlik Kurumunun Ölüm Sigortası Kapsamında Üçüncü Kişilere Rücuunda “Kast” Şartının İncelenmesi
Authors: CANİKLİOĞLU Nurşen , KOVANCI Nuray
Published: July 2022

5510 sayılı Sosyal Sigortalar ve Genel Sağlık Sigortası Kanunu’nun 39. maddesi ile uzun vadeli sigorta kolundan bağlanan aylıklar için Sosyal Güvenlik Kurumu’na rücu hakkı tanınmıştır. Dolayısıyla üçüncü bir kişinin kastı nedeniyle sigortalının ölümü halinde 5510 sayılı Kanun uyarınca hak sahiplerine bağlanacak aylığın başladığı tarihteki ilk peşin sermaye değerinin yarısı Kurumca üçüncü kişilere rücu edilir (m. 39/1). Belirtilmelidir ki Kurumun rücu hakkı, üçüncü kişinin kasıtlı fiili ile sınırlandırılmıştır. Üçüncü kişi, kasta dayanmayan eylemi sonucunda sigortalının ölümüne neden olmuş ise bağlanan ölüm aylığı sebebiyle Kurum karşısında sorumlu tutulamaz.
Peningkatan keterlibatan stakeholder dalam upaya pembangunan wisata nagari
Authors: Fajri Hidayatul , Permana Iip , Yuliarti Yuliarti , Wahyuni Nila
Published: July 2022

Nagari Salimpaung memiliki rencana untuk mengembangkan potensi wisatanya. Namun sayangnya, beberapa masalah membuat pengembangan pariwisata menjadi stagnan. Permasalahan yang mereka hadapi adalah 1) Belum adanya komitmen bersama antar stakeholders yang ada, 2) Belum adanya pemetaan potensi dan permasalahan dalam pengembangan pariwisata, dan 3) Belum optimalnya kelembagaan/aktor penggerak pengembangan pariwisata. Oleh karena itu, PKM ini bertujuan untuk membantu mitra dalam mengembangkan pariwisata dengan melibatkan pemangku kepentingan (elemen terkait) di nagari. Kegiatan yang telah dilaksanakan adalah: 1) Melakukan pretest untuk mengetahui tingkat pemahaman stakeholders dalam pengembangan wisata nagari, 2) Memberikan materi untuk memperkuat pemahaman stakeholders terhadap pengembangan desa wisata, dan 3) Menggali potensi wisata dengan menggali informasi dari pemangku kepentingan dengan menggunakan Participatory Rural Appraisal. Hasil kegiatan menunjukkan bahwa tingkat pengetahuan dan pemahaman pemangku kepentingan mengenai pengembangan wisata nagari masih rendah. Dengan demikian, para pemangku kepentingan harus meningkatkan pengetahuan dan pemahamannya, terutama dalam mencapai komitmen bersama untuk pengembangan pariwisata di Nagari Salimpaung.
Optimalisasi angket kepuasan konsumen melalui pemanfaatan aplikasi google formulir
Authors: Insani Salman Faris , Wijayanti Ariyani Wahyu , Putri Gustita Arnawati
Published: July 2022

Pandemi COVID-19 mempengaruhi dunia bisnis melalui penurunan perekonomian serta aktivitas lintas sektor dan wilayah di Indonesia. Kondisi ini merugikan bagi para pemilik UMKM di berbagai bidang. Menyikapi kondisi tersebut, tim kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat mengusulkan untuk melakukan pelatihan pelaksanaan angket kepuasan konsumen secara online, dengan menggunakan software google formulir. Usulan ini disetujui oleh 10 pemilik UMKM di berbagai bidang di kawasan solo raya sebagai mitra pengabdian. Untuk menjawab permasalahan, tim PKM menyelenggarakan kegiatan pengabdian melalui 3 tahapan yaitu sosialisasi, pelaksanaan, dan evaluasi. Tahapan pelaksanaan terbagi menjadi lima sub kegiatan yang terdiri dari mendesain angket dan format, mendesain teknik pengumpulan sampel dengan google formulir, mengelola data dengan google formulir, menginterpretasikan hasil, serta pengarsipan dengan aplikasi google drive. Hasil evaluasi membuktikan bahwa di setiap tahapan kegiatan nilai tes akhir menunjukkan peningkatan sebesar 25% dibandingkan dengan nilai tes awal. Temuan ini mengindikasi bahwa mitra UMKM memperoleh peningkatan pengetahuan dan kecakapan sesuai harapan. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa kegiatan pelatihan ini dinyatakan berhasil.
PERANCANGAN LAYOUT DAN BIAYA MATERIAL HANDLING MENGGUNAKAN METODE COMPUTERIZED RELATIONSHIP LAYOUT PLANNING (CORELAP) PADA FASILITAS PRODUKSI PT. SASL AND SONS INDONESIA
Authors: Xaverius Moligay Owen Rayvaldo , Oktiarso Teguh
Published: July 2022

Industri manufaktur Indonesia selalu berusaha dan dan berupaya menghasilkan produk yang berkualitas untuk pelanggan dengan tetap mengedepankan faktor efiseinsi Dalam dunia manufaktur terdapat berbagai proses yang dilalui untuk membuat sebuah produk. Masing-masing proses tersebut memerlukan biaya yang tidak sedikit agar sistem yang berjalan di dalamnya beroperasi dengan baik. Masing -masing proses produksi saling berhubungan dan memiliki urutan dari awal hingga akhir. PT. SASL and Sons Indonesia merupakan perusahaan manufaktur yang bergerak dalam industri pengolahan kelapa. PT. SASL and Sons Indonesia memiliki berbagai alur tahapan produksi kelapa. Setiap proses dipisahkan menjadi beberapa ruangan sesuai dengan kebutuhan produksi. Melalui pengamatan di lapangan, tata letak ruangan produksi yang dimiliki PT. SASL and Sons Indonesia dinilai belum efisien dengan jarak dan luas antar ruangan yang tidak sesuai dengan kebutuhan produksi dan alur perpindahan material. Dengan penelitian menggunakan metode Computerized Relationship Layout Method (CORELAP), peneliti dapat menrancang Kembali tata letak masing-masing ruangan produksi beserta alur perpindahan materialnya. Dalam merancang tata letak baru beberapa faktor yang menjadi pertimbangan adalah urutan proses produk si, jarak perpindahan material, dimensi mesinn dan alat perpindahan material. Layout awal perusahaan memiliki jarak perpindahan sepanjang 406, 75 meter. Kemudian dilakukan perancangan layout yang baru dan menghasilkan jarak perpindahan sepanjang 53,963 meter. Dengan hasil tersebut jarak yang diperlukan untuk perpindahan barang hingga akhir proses produksi dapat berkurang sebesar 86,7%.
Analisis Produktivitas Unit Produksi di Perusahaan Abon UD Sumber Hasil Malang dengan Menggunakan Metode Objective Matrix (Omax)
Authors: Sijoatmodjo Richard , Hadi Yuswono
Published: July 2022

Tingkat produktivitas yang tinggi adalah sebuah tujuan dari perusahaan dalam bidang proses produksinya. Semakin tinggi hasil dan semakin sedikit bahan yang digunakan, maka produktivitas akan semakin meningkat, sehingga ketika tingkat produktivitas perusahaan semakin tinggi, maka keuntungan yang diperoleh juga semakin tinggi pula. Penelitian ini akan berujung pada pengukuran tingkat produktivitas proses produktsi perusahaan. Metode Omax atau Objective Matrix akan digunakan sebagai andasan atau dasar pengukuran tingkat produktivitas, dimana dalam penelitian ini menggunakan empat variable, yaitu jumlah penggunaan daging, penggunaan kacang, jumlah penggunaan listrik, jumlah penggunaan tenaga kerja. Dalam perhitungan menggunakan metode Omax, rata-rata Indeks Produktivitas (IP) dari 24 periode pengamatan adalah sebesar 3,151667. Nilai IP terndah adalah 1 dan yang tertinggi adalah 5,790000. Motode Omax ini dapat dilakukan oleh perusahaan dengan mengikuti prosedur perhitungan yang telah diusulkan sehingga perusahaan dapat mengetahui tingkat produktivitas unit produksi di kemudian hari.
Lingkungan Hidup dalam Naskah Wawacan Ogin Amar Sakti
Authors: Ruhaliah Ruhaliah
Published: July 2022

This article is written as a result of the study of meaning of Sundanese manuscript of a folklore titled Wawacan Ogin Amar Sakti. The study was conducted based on story’s settings and structural approach. The purpose of this study was to reveal the contribution of story’s meanings towards humanity’s environmental quality. This study utilized descriptive comparative methods, while the data collection used documentation study. The findings are in the form of interpretations concluded based on the results of data analysis results found in the text as well as its comparison with data found in other relevant sources. Based on the data analysis results, it can be concluded that the story setting elements found in Ogin Amar Sakti script is environmental/ecosystem transmission or inheritance vehicles; those are (1) to not to cut down, pollute, or turn dense forests as covert for evil deeds, (2) to look after and maintenance mountains and forests as they embody various resources, (3) to not turn forests into hunting ground for animals, and (4) to arrange settlements as delightful and pleasing place. These messages are in line with other texts and symbols such as folklore and gunungan, as well as become concrete foundation for environmental preservation and food security strategy.

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Tulisan ini merupakan hasil kajian makna atas cerita naskah berbahasa Sunda “Ogin Amar Sakti.” Kajian dilakukan atas unsur latar cerita (setting), dengan menggunakan pendekatan struktural. Pengkajian dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk mengungkap kontribusi makna cerita bagi kualitas lingkungan hidup manusia. Metode yang digunakan ialah metode deskriptif komparatif. Teknik pengumpulan datanya ialah teknik studi dokumentasi. Temuan-temuan berupa tafsiran disimpulkan berdasarkan hasil analisis data yang terdapat dalam teks serta melalui perbandingannya dengan data yang terdapat dalam sumber lain yang relevan. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data bisa disimpulkan bahwa unsur latar cerita naskah Ogin Amar Sakti merupakan wahana transmisi atau pewarisan lingkungan hidup (ekosistem), yaitu (1) hutan lebat jangan ditebangi, dikotori, dijadikan tempat menyembunyikan perbuatan jahat, (2) awasi dan pelihara gunung-gunung dan hutan karena mengandung aneka kekayaan, (3) hutan jangan dijadikan lahan perburuan satwa, dan (4) lakukan penataan pemukiman menjadi tempat yang menyenangkan dan membahagiakan. Amanat mengenai pelestarian hutan tersebut sejalan dengan teks dan simbol lain, di antaranya cerita rakyat dan gunungan, serta menjadi landasan konkret bagi peletarian lingkungan hidup dan strategi ketahanan pangan.
PROCESSOS DE CRIAÇÃO DE OFICINAS DE ARTE PARA CRIANÇAS
Authors: Marchesoni Quilici Patrícia
Published: July 2022

Pretende-se, neste artigo, investigar processos de criação de oficinas de arte para crianças que acontecem em instituições culturais, concebidas por arte/educadores e arte/educadoras que atuam de forma autônoma. O recorte delimitado é de oficinas que envolvem um fazer artístico, privilegiam processos criativos e possuem um caráter experimental. São práticas que acontecem dentro do tempo livre dos participantes, em um único encontro e promovem uma interação entre as crianças e seus pais ou responsáveis adultos. Situadas na esfera da educação não formal, as oficinas são contratadas de forma pontual pelas instituições culturais de maneira que fica a cargo de proponentes a definição dos elementos que as compõem, tais como: temas, linguagens, técnicas e metodologias, culminando em um conjunto de características permeado pela ausência de predeterminação. O interesse do presente trabalho é inquirir sobre como se dão os processos de criação das oficinas nesse contexto de indeterminação em um território híbrido entre a arte e a educação. Para tanto, a fundamentação teórica propõe um encontro entre o campo de investigação dos processos de criação da arte (MARINA, 1995; SALLES, 2007), da educação pela experiência (DEWEY, 1976) e da educação não formal (TRILLA, 2008).
MAUREEN BISILLIAT – FOTÓGRAFA, LEITORA – EM REGISTROS DA CULTURA IMATERIAL BRASILEIRA
Authors: Brandão Leal Luciana
Published: July 2022

Analisa-se fotografias de Maureen Bisilliat e suas relações com o espaço identitário e imaterial da cultura brasileira. Observa-se como as fotografias documentam e representam as expressões populares, as diásporas indígenas e africanas constituintes da nossa híbrida identidade. Maureen Bisiliat, como fotógrafa e leitora, também propõe diálogos surpreendentes e frutíferos com obras literárias, por ela denominados como um processo de “equivalência fotográfica”. Investiga-se como são representadas temáticas concernentes às manifestações culturais de diversas regiões brasileiras, a partir de imagens que dialogam com a literatura, o folclore, a arte popular, o sincretismo religioso e o trabalho, sobretudo o trabalho de mulheres. Ressalta-se que este artigo se vincula ao projeto de pesquisas “Corpo e territorialidade em fotografias de Maureen Bisilliat e Marcel Gautherot”, registrado na Universidade Federal de Viçosa (2021).
Exploring the Perceptions and Experiences of Local Versus Non-Local Rangers: Insights From Across 11 Countries
Authors: Parker Ben , Singh Rohit , Hoffmann Michael , Avino Felipe Spina , Gajardo Osvaldo Barassi , Moreto William , McVey Drew , Belecky Mike
Published: July 2022

Multiple demographic factors can affect ranger experiences and perceptions of their work, including factors like gender, age, and income. Similarly, whether a ranger is local to their conservation area might influence their experiences and perceptions of the work. This premise, however, has received limited attention. In this study we use survey data from across 11 countries to explore how being local to a conservation area might affect ranger experiences and perceptions. We define local rangers as originally being from within 20km of their conservation area. Our findings suggest that being local corresponds to more positive relations with local communities. Our results also imply that whilst being a local ranger might not directly affect job satisfaction, local rangers may well enjoy higher job satisfaction because of how they tend to differ from non-local rangers in other characteristics (e.g., lower formal education; greater access to familial support; more amicable community relations). Moreover, our findings indicate that non-local rangers tend to experience certain symptoms associated with a challenging job (e.g., feeling worn out and emotionally exhausted) more regularly than local rangers, which might correspond to lower welfare. In all, our findings indicate that further, more in-depth research into how the perceptions and experiences of local versus non-local rangers might differ could be useful. Examining the links between being a local ranger and community relations might be especially valuable.
Endothelial cell-derived extracellular vesicles impair the angiogenic response of coronary artery endothelial cells
Authors: Carter Nigeste , Mathiesen Allison H. , Miller Noel , Brown Michael , Colunga Biancatelli Ruben M. L. , Catravas John D. , Dobrian Anca D.
Published: July 2022

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the most prominent cause of death of adults in the United States with coronary artery disease being the most common type of CVD. Following a myocardial event, the coronary endothelium plays an important role in the recovery of the ischemic myocardium. Specifically, endothelial cells (EC) must be able to elicit a robust angiogenic response necessary for tissue revascularization and repair. However, local or distant cues may prevent effective revascularization. Extracellular vesicles (EV) are produced by all cells and endothelium is a rich source of EVs that have access to the main circulation thereby potentially impacting local and distant tissue function. Systemic inflammation associated with conditions such as obesity as well as the acute inflammatory response elicited by a cardiac event can significantly increase the EV release by endothelium and alter their miRNA, protein or lipid cargo. Our laboratory has previously shown that EVs released by adipose tissue endothelial cells exposed to chronic inflammation have angiostatic effects on naïve adipose tissue EC in vitro. Whether the observed effect is specific to EVs from adipose tissue endothelium or is a more general feature of the endothelial EVs exposed to pro-inflammatory cues is currently unclear. The objective of this study was to investigate the angiostatic effects of EVs produced by EC from the coronary artery and adipose microvasculature exposed to pro-inflammatory cytokines (PIC) on naïve coronary artery EC. We have found that EVs from both EC sources have angiostatic effects on the coronary endothelium. EVs produced by cells in a pro-inflammatory environment reduced proliferation and barrier function of EC without impacting cellular senescence. Some of these functional effects could be attributed to the miRNA cargo of EVs. Several miRNAs such as miR-451, let-7, or miR-23a impact on multiple pathways responsible for proliferation, cellular permeability and angiogenesis. Collectively, our data suggests that EVs may compete with pro-angiogenic cues in the ischemic myocardium therefore slowing down the repair response. Acute treatments with inhibitors that prevent endogenous EV release immediately after an ischemic event may contribute to better efficacy of therapeutic approaches using functionalized exogenous EVs or other pro-angiogenic approaches.
Machine learning models of clinically relevant biomarkers for the prediction of stable obstructive coronary artery disease
Authors: Kim Juntae , Lee Su Yeon , Cha Byung Hee , Lee Wonseop , Ryu JiWung , Chung Young Hak , Kim Dongmin , Lim Seong-Hoon , Kang Tae Soo , Park Byoung-Eun , Lee Myung-Yong , Cho Sungsoo
Published: July 2022

Background

In patients with suspected obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD), evaluation using a pre-test probability model is the key element for diagnosis; however, its accuracy is controversial. This study aimed to develop machine learning (ML) models using clinically relevant biomarkers to predict the presence of stable obstructive CAD and to compare ML models with an established pre-test probability of CAD models.

Methods

Eight machine learning models for prediction of obstructive CAD were trained on a cohort of 1,312 patients [randomly split into the training (80%) and internal validation sets (20%)]. Twelve clinical and blood biomarker features assessed on admission were used to inform the models. We compared the best-performing ML model and established the pre-test probability of CAD (updated Diamond-Forrester and CAD consortium) models.

Results

The CatBoost algorithm model showed the best performance (area under the receiver operating characteristics, AUROC, 0.796, and 95% confidence interval, CI, 0.740–0.853; Matthews correlation coefficient, MCC, 0.448) compared to the seven other algorithms. The CatBoost algorithm model improved risk prediction compared with the CAD consortium clinical model (AUROC 0.727; 95% CI 0.664–0.789; MCC 0.313). The accuracy of the ML model was 74.6%. Age, sex, hypertension, high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T, hemoglobin A1c, triglyceride, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels contributed most to obstructive CAD prediction.

Conclusion

The ML models using clinically relevant biomarkers provided high accuracy for stable obstructive CAD prediction. In real-world practice, employing such an approach could improve discrimination of patients with suspected obstructive CAD and help select appropriate non-invasive testing for ischemia.
A Bibliometric Analysis of Virtual Reality in Anatomy Teaching Between 1999 and 2022
Authors: Li Zhuoshu , Li Zixin , Peng Cheng , Zhao Mingyi , He Qingnan
Published: July 2022

Human anatomy is an important medical subject that includes abstract content and strong operability. The lack of specimens required for anatomical experimental teaching and unclear observation of fine structures of specimens lead to difficulties for students in learning. As a new technology in the field of computers, virtual reality (VR) has been widely used in the medical field and has great development potential and application value. Its use in the teaching of human anatomy has received increasing attention. This technology increases the sense of reality of medical students in learning and improves the learning effect, including initiative and enthusiasm of students. Publications were obtained from the Web of Science (WoS) Core Collection on April 30, 2022, with the following retrieval strategy: [(TS = VR) OR (TS = virtual reality)] AND (TS = anatomy) AND [(TS = education) OR (TS = train*) OR (TS = teach*) OR (TS = learn*) OR (TS = study*)] NOT TS = (surgery), and the time frame was from 1999 to 2022. Then, VOSviewer software, Excel and GraphPad Prism 9 were used to analyze the data. The keywords included cocitations, countries/territories, publication numbers, institutions, authors and journals of publications. A series of scientometric and visualized analyses were conducted, and a table for a detailed analysis of the application of VR in anatomy teaching was created. This paper mainly analyses the application status and progress of VR technology in anatomy teaching, which is shown to improve the anatomical learning effect of medical students. In conclusion, the application of VR technology in human anatomy has great potential.
EDZs and Firms’ Environment Performance: Empirical Evidence From Chinese Firms
Authors: Wei Wei , Xie Weikun , Zhou Chengying
Published: July 2022

Economic Development Zones have been proven to be an economic success and have been pursued by many governments around the world over the past several decades, but there is still a research gap on their impact on the environment. This paper documents the effect of national-level EDZs on the environmental performance of firms. Combining rich firm and administrative data in China from 1998–2012, we exploit the relationship between the foundation of EDZs and firms’ pollution emissions with a multi-period differences-in-differences model. We find that the establishment of national EDZs can effectively reduce the pollution emission intensity of firms within it. Moreover, this pollution reduction effects vary across industries, firms, and EDZs types. We also find that the establishment of EDZs can improve firm environmental performance by improving energy efficiency, optimizing the business environment, and upgrading technology.
Identification and Validation of a Three Pyroptosis-Related lncRNA Signature for Prognosis Prediction in Lung Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Liu Jichang , Liu Qiang , Shen Hongchang , Liu Yong , Wang Yadong , Wang Guanghui , Du Jiajun
Published: July 2022

Pyroptosis, defined as programmed cell death, results in the release of inflammatory mediators. Recent studies have revealed that pyroptosis plays essential roles in antitumor immunity and immunotherapy efficacy. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are involved in a variety of biological behaviors in tumor cells, although the roles and mechanisms of lncRNAs in pyroptosis are rarely studied. Our study aimed to establish a novel pyroptosis-related lncRNA signature as a forecasting tool for predicting prognosis and ascertaining immune value. Based on lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) patients from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), we performed Pearson’s correlation analysis to identify pyroptosis-related lncRNAs. After differentially expressed gene analysis and univariate Cox regression analysis, we selected prognosis-related and differentially expressed lncRNAs. Finally, we performed multivariate Cox regression analysis to establish the three pyroptosis-related lncRNA signature. Kaplan–Meier (KM) survival analyses and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves indicated the excellent performance for predicting the prognosis of LUAD patients. At the same time, we applied multidimensional approaches to further explore the functional enrichment, tumor microenvironment (TME) landscape, and immunotherapy efficacy among the different risk groups. A nomogram was constructed by integrating risk scores and clinical characteristics, which was validated using calibrations and ROC curves. Three lncRNAs, namely, AC090559.1, AC034102.8, and AC026355.2, were involved in this signature and used to classify LUAD patients into low- and high-risk groups. Overall survival time (OS) was higher in the low-risk group than in the high-risk group, which was also validated in our LUAD cohort from Shandong Provincial Hospital. TME landscape analyses revealed that a higher abundance of infiltrating immune cells and a greater prevalence of immune-related events existed in the low-risk group. Meanwhile, higher expression of immune checkpoint (ICP) genes, higher immunophenoscore (IPSs), and greater T cell dysfunction in the low-risk group demonstrated a better response to immunotherapy than the high-risk group. Combined with predictions from the Tumor Immune Dysfunction and Exclusion (TIDE) website, we found that LUAD patients in the low-risk group significantly benefited from programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte–associated protein 4 (CTLA4) immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy compared with those in the high-risk group. Furthermore, drug susceptibility analysis identified potential sensitive chemotherapeutic drugs for each risk group. In this study, a novel three pyroptosis-related lncRNA signature was constructed, which could accurately predict the immunotherapy efficacy and prognosis in LUAD patients.
Do Biobank Recall Studies Matter? Long-Term Follow-Up of Research Participants With Familial Hypercholesterolemia
Authors: Nurm Miriam , Reigo Anu , Nõukas Margit , Leitsalu Liis , Nikopensius Tiit , Palover Marili , Annilo Tarmo , Alver Maris , Saar Aet , Marandi Toomas , Ainla Tiia , Metspalu Andres , Esko Tõnu , Tõnisson Neeme
Published: July 2022

Recall-by-genotype (RbG) studies conducted with population-based biobank data remain urgently needed, and follow-up RbG studies, which add substance to this research approach, remain solitary. In such studies, potentially disease-related genotypes are identified and individuals with those genotypes are recalled for consultation to gather more detailed clinical phenotypic information and explain to them the meaning of their genetic findings. Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is among the most common autosomal-dominant single-gene disorders, with a global prevalence of 1 in 500 (Nordestgaard et al., Eur. Heart J., 2013, 34 (45), 3478–3490). Untreated FH leads to lifelong elevated LDL cholesterol levels, which can cause ischemic heart disease, with potentially fatal consequences at a relatively early age. In most cases, the pathogenesis of FH is based on a defect in one of three LDL receptor-related genes–APOB, LDLR, and PCSK9. We present our first long-term follow-up RbG study of FH, conducted within the Estonian Biobank (34 recalled participants from a pilot RbG study and 291 controls harboring the same APOB, LDLR, and PCSK9 variants that were included in the pilot study). The participants’ electronic health record data (FH-related diagnoses, lipid-lowering treatment prescriptions) and pharmacogenomic risk of developing statin-induced myopathy were assessed. A survey was administered to recalled participants to discern the impact of the knowledge of their genetic findings on their lives 4–6 years later. Significant differences in FH diagnoses and lipid-lowering treatment prescriptions were found between the recalled participants and controls (34 and 291 participants respectively). Our study highlights the need for more consistent lipid-lowering treatment adherence checkups and encourage more follow-up RbG studies to be performed.
Contextualising sex and gender research to improve women's health: An early- and mid-career researcher perspective
Authors: Hallam Laura , McKenzie Briar L. , Gong Jessica , Carcel Cheryl , Hockham Carinna
Published: July 2022

The field of sex and gender research in health and medicine is growing, and many early- and mid-career researchers (EMCRs) are developing skills in this area. As EMCRs specialising in sex and gender research, we aim to better understand sex- and gender-based determinants of human health, challenge long-standing and pervasive gender biases, and contribute to improving the evidence base upon which clinical guidelines and policy interventions are developed. To effectively achieve these goals, we believe that EMCRs would benefit from understanding the challenges of working in this space and participate in driving change in three key areas. First, in creating greater links between the goals of sex and gender research and addressing systemic bias against women and gender minorities, to effectively translate knowledge about sex and gender differences into improved health outcomes. Second, in expanding the reach of sex and gender research to address women's health in an intersectional way and ensure that it also benefits the health of men, transgender and gender-diverse people and those who are intersex. Third, in working with others in the scientific community to improve methods for sex and gender research, including updating data collection practises, ensuring appropriate statistical analyses and shifting scientific culture to recognise the importance of null findings. By improving focus on these three areas, we see greater potential to translate this research to improve women's health and reduce health inequities for all.
Immunomodulatory effects of microbiota-derived metabolites at the crossroad of neurodegenerative diseases and viral infection: network-based bioinformatics insights
Authors: Onisiforou Anna , Spyrou George M.
Published: July 2022

Bidirectional cross-talk between commensal microbiota and the immune system is essential for the regulation of immune responses and the formation of immunological memory. Perturbations of microbiome-immune system interactions can lead to dysregulated immune responses against invading pathogens and/or to the loss of self-tolerance, leading to systemic inflammation and genesis of several immune-mediated pathologies, including neurodegeneration. In this paper, we first investigated the contribution of the immunomodulatory effects of microbiota (bacteria and fungi) in shaping immune responses and influencing the formation of immunological memory cells using a network-based bioinformatics approach. In addition, we investigated the possible role of microbiota-host-immune system interactions and of microbiota-virus interactions in a group of neurodegenerative diseases (NDs): Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS), Multiple Sclerosis (MS), Parkinson’s disease (PD) and Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Our analysis highlighted various aspects of the innate and adaptive immune response systems that can be modulated by microbiota, including the activation and maturation of microglia which are implicated in the development of NDs. It also led to the identification of specific microbiota components which might be able to influence immune system processes (ISPs) involved in the pathogenesis of NDs. In addition, it indicated that the impact of microbiota-derived metabolites in influencing disease-associated ISPs, is higher in MS disease, than in AD, PD and ALS suggesting a more important role of microbiota mediated-immune effects in MS.
Role of Bispecific Antibodies in Relapsed/Refractory Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma in the CART Era
Authors: González Barca Eva
Published: July 2022

Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma is an aggressive and biologically heterogeneous disease. R-CHOP is the standard first line therapy and cures more than 60% of patients. Salvage high-dose chemotherapy with autologous stem cell transplant remains the standard second-line treatment for relapsed or refractory patients, and recently, three CD19 chimeric antigen receptor T cells (CART) cell products have been approved beyond 2 prior lines of systemic therapy. Nevertheless, some patients are not eligible for transplant or CARTs, or progress after these treatments. In this context, IgG-like bispecific antibodies (BsAbs) have been designed to treat B‐cell lymphomas. They combine two different monospecific antigen‐binding regions that target CD20 on B cells and engage T cells via CD3 in a 1:1 or 2:1 CD20:CD3 antigen binding fragment (Fab) format. The results of different phase 1 trials with BsAbs, including mosunetuzumab, glofitamab, epcoritamab and odeonextamab, have been recently published. They are infused intravenously or subcutaneously, and have a favorable toxicity profile, with reduced cytokine release syndrome and neurological toxicity. Moreover, these BsAbs have demonstrated very promising efficacy in B-cell lymphomas, including in aggressive lymphomas. New trials are currently ongoing to confirm BsAbs efficacy and tolerability, as well as to explore its efficacy in different lines of therapy or in combination with other drugs.
Sterile alpha and TIR motif-containing protein 1 is a negative regulator in the anti-bacterial immune responses in nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)
Authors: Trung Nguyen Bao , Nguyen Tan-Phat , Hsueh Hao-Yun , Loh Jiun-Yan , Wangkahart Eakapol , Wong Alice Sui Fung , Lee Po-Tsang
Published: July 2022

Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) is one of the most important food fish in the world. However, the farming industry has encountered significant challenges, such as pathogen infections. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) play an essential role in the initiation of the innate immune system against pathogens. Sterile alpha and TIR motif-containing protein 1 (SARM1) is one of the most evolutionarily conserved TLR adaptors, and its orthologs are present in various species from worms to humans. SARM1 plays an important role in negatively regulating TIR domain-containing adaptor proteins inducing IFNβ (TRIF)-dependent TLR signaling in mammals, but its immune function remains poorly understood in fish. In this study, O. niloticus SARM1 (OnSARM1) was cloned and its evolutionary status was verified using bioinformatic analyses. mRNA expression of OnSARM1 was found at a higher level in the trunk kidney and muscle in healthy fish. The examination of its subcellular location showed that the OnSARM1 was detected only in the cytoplasm of THK cells, and colocalized with OnMyD88, OnTRIF and OnTRIF in small speckle-like condensed granules. The transcript levels of OnMyD88, OnTIRAP, OnTRIF, and downstream effectors, including interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-8, IL-12b and type I interferon (IFN)d2.13, were regulated conversely to the expression of OnSARM1 in the head kidney from Aeromonas hydrophila and Streptococcus agalactiae infected fish. Moreover, the treatment of THK cells with lysates from A. hydrophila and S. agalactiae enhanced the activity of the NF-κB promoter, but the effects were inhibited in the OnSARM1 overexpressed THK cells. Overexpression of OnSARM1 alone did not activate the NF-κB-luciferase reporter, but it suppressed OnMyD88- and OnTIRAP-mediated NF-κB promoter activity. Additionally, OnSARM1 inhibited the mRNA expression of proinflammatory cytokines and hepcidin in A. hydrophila lysate stimulated THK cells. Taken together, these findings suggest that OnSARM1 serves as a negative regulator by inhibiting NF-κB activity, thereby influencing the transcript level of proinflammatory cytokines and antimicrobial peptides in the antibacterial responses.
Tungsten and Titanium Oxide Thin Films Obtained by the Sol-Gel Process as Electrodes in Electrochromic Devices
Authors: Rizzuto Carmen , Barberi Riccardo C. , Castriota Marco
Published: July 2022

In this work, WO3 and TiO2 thin films have been obtained by the sol-gel spin coating method. The as-deposited samples were annealed at different annealing temperatures in the range between 100°C and 500°C. Micro-Raman spectroscopy confirmed that WO3 thin films annealed at 100°C and 300°C are amorphous while the crystallization process occurred at 500°C as established by the typical Raman modes of γ-WO3. Amorphous thin films of TiO2 have been obtained using annealing at 100°C and 300°C. The crystalline phase of the anatase-TiO2 has been obtained after the thermal treatment conducted at 500°C. The electrochromic devices were characterized by cyclic voltammetry and UV–Vis–NIR spectroscopy and it has been shown that the best configurations of the electrochromic devices studied in this work can be obtained by using the WO3 thin films amorphous, which means annealed at 100°C and 300°C, and TiO2 thin films crystalline, that is annealed at 500°C. The higher coloration efficiency values in the visible region (λ = 550 nm) and in the near-infrared region (λ = 1020 nm) support the idea that such devices could be used in order to control the light flux but also heat flux. It means that such electrochromic devices can be usefully employed as smart windows promoting energy and economic savings.
Application of Angiotensin Receptor–Neprilysin Inhibitor in Chronic Kidney Disease Patients: Chinese Expert Consensus
Authors: Gan Liangying , Lyu Xiaoxi , Yang Xiangdong , Zhao Zhanzheng , Tang Ying , Chen Yuanhan , Yao Ying , Hong Fuyuan , Xu Zhonghao , Chen Jihong , Gu Leyi , Mao Huijuan , Liu Ying , Sun Jing , Zhou Zhu , Du Xuanyi , Jiang Hong , Li Yong , Sun Ningling , Liang Xinling , Zuo Li
Published: July 2022

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a global public health problem, and cardiovascular disease is the most common cause of death in patients with CKD. The incidence and prevalence of cardiovascular events during the early stages of CKD increases significantly with a decline in renal function. More than 50% of dialysis patients die from cardiovascular disease, including coronary heart disease, heart failure, arrhythmia, and sudden cardiac death. Therefore, developing effective methods to control risk factors and improve prognosis is the primary focus during the diagnosis and treatment of CKD. For example, the SPRINT study demonstrated that CKD drugs are effective in reducing cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events by controlling blood pressure. Uncontrolled blood pressure not only increases the risk of these events but also accelerates the progression of CKD. A co-crystal complex of sacubitril, which is a neprilysin inhibitor, and valsartan, which is an angiotensin receptor blockade, has the potential to be widely used against CKD. Sacubitril inhibits neprilysin, which further reduces the degradation of natriuretic peptides and enhances the beneficial effects of the natriuretic peptide system. In contrast, valsartan alone can block the angiotensin II-1 (AT1) receptor and therefore inhibit the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system. These two components can act synergistically to relax blood vessels, prevent and reverse cardiovascular remodeling, and promote natriuresis. Recent studies have repeatedly confirmed that the first and so far the only angiotensin receptor–neprilysin inhibitor (ARNI) sacubitril/valsartan can reduce blood pressure more effectively than renin–angiotensin system inhibitors and improve the prognosis of heart failure in patients with CKD. Here, we propose clinical recommendations based on an expert consensus to guide ARNI-based therapeutics and reduce the occurrence of cardiovascular events in patients with CKD.
Selection of Acetic Acid Bacterial Strains and Vinegar Production From Local Maltese Food Sources
Authors: Mizzi Joseph , Gaggìa Francesca , Bozzi Cionci Nicole , Di Gioia Diana , Attard Everaldo
Published: July 2022

This study investigates the isolation, identification, and fermentation performance of autochthonous acetic acid bacteria (AAB) from local niche habitats on the Island of Gozo (Malta) and their further use for vinegar production, employing local raw materials. The bacteria were isolated from grapevine berries and vinegar produced in the cottage industry. Following phenotype and genotype identification, the AAB were ascribed to the generaAcetobacter, Gluconobacter, andKomagataeibacter. A mixture of selected AAB was tested as an inoculum for vinegar production in bench fermenters, under different conditions and substrates, namely, grapes, honey, figs, onions, prickly pear, and tomatoes. The bench fermenters were operated under semi-continuous fermentation where working volumes were maintained by discharging and subsequent recharging accordingly to maintain the acidity in fermenters by adding 30–50 g/l of acetic acid for optimalAcetobacteraceaeperformance. Finally, the vinegar products obtained from the different substrates were evaluated for their quality, including organoleptic properties, which showed the superior quality of wood-treated vinegar samples with respect to neat vinegar samples.