bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
FÓRUM REMAAE E GT ACERVOS DA SAB – CARTA DE PRIORIDADES
Authors: Saladino Alejandra
Published: September 2019

Apresentação do documento elaborado durante o Fórum Acervos Arqueológicos: por uma política de preservação do patrimônio arqueológico brasileiro. Esta foi a primeira ação conjunta empreendida pela Rede de Museus e Acervos Arqueológicos (REMAAE) e pelo Grupo de Trabalho Acervos da Sociedade de Arqueologia Brasileira.
O “ROUBO DAS URNAS”: A RELAÇÃO DO PATRIMÔNIO ARQUEOLÓGICO SALVAGUARDADO E OS COLETIVOS HUMANOS
Authors: Pereira Daiane
Published: September 2019

A relação entre os coletivos humanos não arqueólogos e a materialidade das pesquisas arqueológicas tem sido historicamente ditada pelos arqueólogos e arqueólogas, fundamentada no discurso da cientificidade e autoridade da expertise. Esta construção vertical da gestão das coleções arqueológicas salvaguardadas no Brasil resultou na consolidação de procedimentos irrefletidos sobre os acervos arqueológicos, percebidos através do falso antagonismo entre conservar e extroverter. Tal perspectiva, que desconecta a conservação física da materialidade com sua apropriação pelas comunidades, destoa dos avanços teóricos que tivemos nas últimas décadas, com a ampliação do conceito de patrimônio arqueológico e do papel social da arqueologia. Através da reflexão sobre o “roubo das urnas”, busco problematizar a relação do patrimônio arqueológico salvaguardado e os coletivos humanos por uma perspectiva que não veja a aproximação das pessoas com os acervos como problema, mas sim como um objetivo a ser alcançado.
PROBLEMS OF DIFFERENTIAL AND TOPOLOGICAL DIAGNOSTICS. PART 1. MOTION EQUATIONS AND CLASSIFICATION OF MALFUNCTIONS
Authors: Shamolin M. V.
Published: September 2019

In the proposed cycle of work, we begin the study of the motion of an aircraft which is described bynonlinear ordinary differential equations. Based on these equations, the probable malfunctions in the motioncontrol system are classified, the concepts of reference malfunctions and their neighborhoods are introduced,the mathematical modeling of these malfunctions and their neighborhoods is carried out, the concept ofdiagnostic space is introduced, and the mathematical structure of this space is defined. Proposed work isthe first in the cycle, therefore, the classification of malfunctions is given. This activity is also a preparatorypart of the diagnostic problem, which can be represented in the form of two successively solved problems,i.e., control problem, that is the problem of determining the presence of a malfunction in the system, anddiagnostic problem, that is the recognition problem of malfunction specification. This activity is just anillustration of the proposed approach.
THEORETICALLY RECONSTRUCTED ISOCHROMATIC FRINGES IN THE VICINITY OF THE CRACK TIP
Authors: Zhabbarov R. M.
Published: September 2019

Theoretically reconstructed isochromatic fringe in the vicinity of the crack tip was received. The problem for a plate with central horizontal crack under uniaxial tension was considered. Isochromatic fringe in the vicinity of the crack tip image generating programme using complete asymptotic expansion of M. Williams stress field with scaling factor for infinity plate was developed. It was demonstrated that using large term of sum in the asymptotic expansion is necessary. If target isochromatic fringe is located far from the vicinity of the crack tip, then using many terms of sum in the asymptotic expansion of M. Williams is required.
Técnicas para caracterización de espumas de asfalto
Authors: Campagnoli Sandra Ximena , Estupiñan Escalante Enrique , Soto Vargas Javier
Published: September 2019

En la estabilización de suelos y en el reciclaje de pavimentos, se ha considerado que larelación de expansión y la vida media defnen relativamente bien la calidad de las espumas de asfalto.Sin embargo, al aplicar la tecnología de los asfaltos espumados a la fabricación de mezclas tibias,se ha visto que estas propiedades no resultan sufcientes para caracterizar la espuma y asegurarel cubrimiento completo de los agregados por el asfalto, una adecuada trabajabilidad y facilidad decompactación de la mezcla, así como un comportamiento apropiado de la mezcla en servicio. Estehecho ha motivado estudios concluyentes en la necesidad de establecer, además de la relación deexpansión y de la vida media, la curva de colapso y la distribución de tamaños de las burbujas en unaespuma de asfalto. Varios de estos estudios también recomiendan técnicas más seguras y confablespara la medida de las propiedades de la espuma. En este artículo, se resumen las técnicas que seestán explorando en los laboratorios de la Escuela Colombiana de Ingeniería Julio Garavito para caracterizar espumas de asfalto fabricadas en planta de laboratorio WLB-10S. Tales técnicas incluyenmedidas invasivas como la varilla graduada y el ensayo de colapso de la espuma de asfalto y no invasivas como el procesamiento de imágenes y el uso sensores infrarrojos. También, para mostrar el potencial de cada técnica, se presentan algunos resultados de las medidas obtenidas con su aplicación.
DNA Methylation and Its Role in the Development of Leukemia
Authors: Bagheri Parisa , Aghamiri Shahin , Jafarpour Ali , Esmaili Mohammad Al , Haddadi Aghdam Mohammad , Zaker Farhad , Namjoo Soodeh
Published: September 2019

Epigenetic changes play an essential role in cancer pathogenesis. It has been established by next-generation sequencing that more than 50% of the human cancers carry mutations in mechanisms involved in the organization of the chromatin and epigenetic regulations. DNA methylation is among the most common epigenetic changes in leukemia. In contrast to DNA mutations which are passively inherited from DNA replication, epimutations, for example, the hypermethylation and epigenetic silencing of tumor suppressor genes, must be actively maintained because of being reversible. Actually, the reversibility of epimutations by small-molecule inhibitors provides the basis for the use of such inhibitors in new cancer therapy strategies. However, DNA methylation mechanism and its role in leukemia are not fully understood; there are some serious concerns about the use of these drugs. In this study, we will review the mechanisms of DNA methylation and the genes that are methylated in leukemia. Moreover, new interesting findings of the epigenetic changes causeed by adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma have been fully discussed.
Use of Mesenchymal Adult Stem Cell for Cartilage Regeneration by Hydrogel
Authors: Ghiasi Mahdieh , Mehdizadeh Mohammad , Sharifi Ali Mohammad , Tafvizi Farzaneh , Safari Sedigheh , Tekiyeh Maroof Neda
Published: September 2019

Background and Aims: Cartilage is a very specific tissue, which does not have the capacity to heal and renew itself. Although the invention of the method of surgery with autologous chondrocyte transplantation, developed tools to treat the cartilage lesions, it couldn’t gain a great success due to problems such as damage to the area of donation. Using the mesenchymal stem cells derived from adipose and culturing and differentiating them on scaffolds was considered appropriate as a successful research and clinical strategy.Materials and Methods: In the present study, the mesenchymal stem cells were separated from adipose tissue and cultured in two scaffolds of fibrin glue and alginate medium. After 1, 7 and 14 days of cell differentiation, the survival ability of the differentiated cells were analyzed by Chondrogenic MTT. Moreover, type I and II collagen, aggrecan and Sox9 expression were measured via real time-polymerase chain reaction. In addition, cartilage reconstruction on scaffolds was shown by a histological investigation.Results: Our results showed that the expression of CD90 and CD105 as mesenchymal markers is at a high level whereas the expression of CD34 and CD45 reaches a low level. The LSD test demonstrated that there was no remarkable difference among the chondrogenic MTT, scaffolds groups and control in 7 and 14 days after cell differentiation (p<0.05), although, fibrin glue had the highest expression in chondrogenic gens.Conclusions: Finding suggests that in order to utilize a new strategy for tissue regeneration utilization of inherent scaffolds such as fibrin glue can act as a protector for mesenchymal stem cells.
Modeling of individual and social factors leading to occupational accidents among workers of Isfahan Steel Company using smartpls3 software
Authors: BARKHORDARI Amir , KHANI JAZNI Reza , Hossein VAZIRI Mohammad , GHEISVANDI Hamzeh , BARKHORDARI Akbar
Published: September 2019

Introduction: Human factor can be regarded as the most important and basic factors to cause the occurrence of occupational accidents. Workers' accident-proneness is considered an inherent and coherent feature among these factors, therefore, recognizing its determinants could be effective in preventing such accidents. The present research has been done in among workers of Isfahan Steel Company with the aim of modeling the individual and social factors that affect occupational accidents.
Methods: This analytical and cross-sectional research was conducted in 2018 using structural equation modeling (SEM) with partial least square approach. The sample size of the study 450 people (225 case, and 225 control) esfahansteel company were selected. Data analysis was performed in SPSS-23 and SMARTPLS3.
 Results: The obtained results indicated that the measurement and structural models was fitted.In addition, results demonstrated that all assumptions of the research were significant with the exception of the theory of effect of the relationship between individual factors and accident- proneness.  
Conclusion: The current study showed that people working in this industry became more vulnerable to the incident due to being exposed to stress, effort-reward imbalance and work family conflict and they increased the possibility of incidents and unsafe acts in the industry. Also, by checking the general health and work locus of Control for preventing occupational accidents in the screening process, people with internal control can be selected for stressful occupations.
Health Safety and Environmental Hazards of the Chlorination Unit of Combined Cycle Power Plants by Using HAZOP and Bow-Tie Methods
Authors: BORGHEIPOUR Hasti , TEHRANI Ghazaleh Monazami , Abbaszadeh TEHRANI Nadia , NASIRI LOMER Saeid , NEKOOEI ESFAHANI Azadeh , MOHAMMADFAM Iraj
Published: September 2019

Introduction: Power plants are considered as the most important infrastructure for economic development. Risk assessment and risk management in these industries is essential to prevent accidents in these type of industries. The purpose of this study was to identify and evaluate the health safety and environmental hazards of the chlorination unit of combined cycle power plants by using HAZOP and Bow-Tie methods.
Methods: In this study, the hazards of chlorine production in different parts of the chlorination unit were identified using the HAZOP method. After assessing the hazards, the scenario of converting high risk into critical events was developed. Finally, the Bow-Tie method was used to assess the selected critical event.
Resulting: 7 top events and 105 risk cases were identified in the chlorination unit of the studied plant by using HAZOP method.  The results showed that 65% of identified risks were acceptable and 14% related to the undesirable risks. The risk of the Chlorine Reservoir explosion related to high hydrogen pressure with regard to identified threats and also its financial, environmental and personal injuries consequences was determined as the most important top event. Therefore this event was analyzed by Bow-Tie and risk prevention measures were proposed.
Conclusion: Using the combined method to identify and analyze the hazards showed the effectiveness of these methods together. Also, choosing the appropriate methods to overlap the strengths and weaknesses of each method can lead to an optimal outcome in risk management.
Comparative Assessment of Manual Material Handling Using the Two Methods of KIM and Revised NIOSH Lifting Equation in Workers in Small Industries in Kabudarahang in 2018
Authors: ROSTAMI Fatemeh , HOJATI Mehdi
Published: September 2019

Introduction: Manual handling expose workers force, awkward postures, and repetitive motions. The aim of the present study was the assessment of lifting capacity by the KIM and NIOSH equation methods.
Methods: This descriptive-analytical study was conducted in 2018 on 25 workers of small-scale industries in Kabudarahang active in production of flour, sausage and salami, precipitated calcium carbonate and building materials. It was conducted using KIM method and NIOSH equation and then the results were compared by Cohen’s kappa coefficient and SPSS software version 18.
Results: According to the KIM method, the highest and lowest risk ratings were for material loading and transferring the material, respectively. The results of the NIOSH equation, respectively, assigned the highest and lowest CLI values ​​to bag loading and material transferring activities. The results showed that, in both methods, the loading activity of the materials had high risk due to the high load weight, the number of times of lifting load, the high height difference of the harvest place and placement.
Conclusion: The results of evaluation of both methods showed that the risk level was high in 92% of the workers. The results of the two methods showed that both methods agreed on 71% risk estimation. Also, for reasons such as high altitude difference between the source and the destination of the load transporting and the high repetition of the load shift, the probability of musculoskeletal disorders was high in all the stations examined.
Identification and Evaluation of Human Errors of Operator of Digger Cabin in Drilling Rig Using the SHERPA Technique
Authors: PAKBAZ HamidnReza , AMINI NASAB Anoosholsadat , DELAVAR Amin
Published: September 2019

Introduction: in many occupational environments, the occurrence of a human error can lead to a catastrophic incident that human errors are the main cause of accidents,
Material and Method: The current research was conducted to Identification and evaluation of human errors of operator of digger. The main duties and responsibilities of the operator of the cockpit operator were determined based on the HTA (Hierarchy Analysis) method, which included 4 main tasks and 29 s Sub-tasks.  Then, the SHERPA method was used to identify the human errors associated with the operator's Sub-tasks. Number of 76 of human error was identified and evaluated. 38 Human error related to Inspection Sub-tasks, 20 cases of   Operation section, 12 cases in the reporting section and there were 6 human errors in the Shift shifting section.
Result: Based on the results of this study, 12human errors at an unacceptable level, 26 errors at undesirable levels, 34 at acceptable level with revision, and 2 at acceptable level without revision. The results of the research showed that conducting activities such as conversations with mobile phones at the time of controlling the thread in the well, the most important human error is for the operator that high probability of occurrence of this error has led to this priority number of risk.
Conclusion:In general, the results of the research showed that the SHERPA technique could be used as an effective and useful way to study human errors in oil industry control rooms such as the drill cabin.
Identifying and Evaluating Operating Room Hazards in Shahid Beheshti Hospital in Kashan using the JSA Technique and its Relationship with Prioritized Engineering and Managerial Controls
Authors: MORAVVEJI Seyed Jalal , HALVANI Gholamhossein , MOHTASHAMI Abolfazl Raeyat , GHANAEI Fatemeh , ANUSHE Vidasadat
Published: September 2019

Introduction: The operation room is one of the most complex working environments in the health care system and the chance of accidents happening there is high. Studies show more than 50 identified dangers in the surgery room, which can potentially hurt the workers and patients there while many of these errors can be prevented. The aim of the current study is to identify and evaluate operating room dangers using the JSA technique and its correlation with prioritized engineering and managerial controls to prevent errors and decrease its consequences.
Methods: The current applied study has a descriptive-analytical design and was implemented with a cross-sectional design in the operating rooms of Shahid Beheshti Hospital in Kashan in 2017. The population of the study was the university faculty members, HSE experts, managers, surgeons and anesthesiologists, seasoned nurses, and the supervisors at Shahid Beheshti Hospital in Kashan and sampling was conducted via a census. The identification and evaluation of dangers was conducted using the JSA method and managerial and engineering approaches were determined using panel discussions.    
results: In the initial identification and evaluation of hazards in the operating room, 25 hazards were identified and evaluated using the JSA technique and after implementing the prioritized engineering and managerial controls, five of the identified hazards were controlled. Lifting heavy objects and unsuitable postures had the highest risk decrease (decreasing to 10 from 15), which was followed by facing chemical disinfectants and detergents (decreasing to 12 from 16), and touching sharp objects and catching infectious illnesses (decreasing to 12 from 15).
Conclusion: The results of the current study showed that the JSA technique can be effective in identifying and presenting control approaches. Furthermore, with greater focus on risk management on behalf of hospital boards to develop health quality and create a safe environment for the workers and patients is necessary. Adopting policies and programs for the monitoring of risk management in hospitals must be seriously consistent.
The Relationship between the Big Five Personality Factors and Work Engagement in Malayer University Staff
Authors: KARIMI Janad
Published: September 2019

Background: Human resource is among the factors that influence the survival of organizations. It has always been considered by organization managers and officials. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between big five personality and work engagement among Malayer University staff.
Methods: This descriptive correlation study was conducted among the Malayer University staff. A total of 140 employees were selected by convenience sampling. Measurement tools in the study were: The Big Five Inventory (NEO) and Utrecht Work Engagement Scale. The data were analyzed by descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation), Pearson’s correlation coefficient, as well as multiple linear regressions. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS-v 22.0.
Results: Pearson correlation analysis showed that work engagement had a significant positive relationship with conscientiousness (P<0.001, r= 0.71), openness to experience (P<0.001, r= 0.78),   and extraversion (P<0.001, r= 0.76). Furthermore, a negative relationship was found between neuroticism (P<0.001, r=- 0.72), and work engagement. Multiple regression analysis also showed that extraversion (P<0.001, B= 0.29) and openness to experience (P<0.001, B= 0.27) had a positive relationship with work engagement. However, neuroticism (P<0.001, B= - 0.40) had a negative relationship with work engagement. Extraversion, openness to experience, and neuroticism were the predictive factors for work engagement and explained 40% of the variation in staff’s work engagement.
Conclusions: Results indicated that neuroticism was the best predictor of work engagement and acted as a vulnerability factor. In other words, staff with stronger neuroticism have more work problems, such as low motivation and decreased performance.
MILITARY OPERATIONS OTHER THAN WAR (MOOTW): SYNERGY OF INDONESIAN NATIONAL ARMED FORCES (TNI) AND NATIONAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT AGENCY (BNPB) IN DISASTER MANAGEMENT
Authors: Djuyandi Yusa , Casnoto Heri , Hidayat Wahyu
Published: September 2019

Purpose of the study: The position of Indonesia at the point of three plates of the earth and its location in the tropics makes it vulnerable to disasters. To face the possible disaster, Indonesia Armed Force following its mandate based on Law No. 34 of 2007, synergize with the National Board of Disaster Management to design disaster management cooperation through joint exercise training routinely until 2015.

Methodology: The research used a qualitative method, with primary data in the form of interview and observation, and secondary data were obtained from related documents, such as meeting notes and data on the deployment of troops to the disaster area.

Main Findings: The results show that the synergy between two institutions through the cooperation of personnel training, considering the strengths of each institution that can be mutually reinforcing in disaster management is very important to be continued.

Applications of this study: This study which about military operations other than war (MOOTW) can be useful in every country because of this research look at the synergy between the military and other institutions in disaster management, Social Science, Security Studies and Social Science.

Novelty/Originality of this study: Research on military operations other than war generally looks more at how the military serves as peacekeepers in conflict-prone areas. Very little research has examined the synergy of the military and other institutions in tackling natural disasters.
Perfil Epidemiológico dos Isolamentos dos Microrganismos ‘Problema’
Authors: Atilano Carvalho Pedro , Monteiro Ana , Almeida Bruno , Correia Filomena Horta , Resende Vera , Nunes Carla , Lopes Sílvia
Published: September 2019

Introdução: As infeções são um problema cada vez mais frequente e a presença de microrganismos resistentes cria impacto clínico e económico. Este estudo tem por objetivo determinar o perfil epidemiológico dos microrganismos ‘problema’ isolados num hospital do norte de Portugal.Material e Métodos: Foram analisados todos os isolamentos microbiológicos, entre janeiro de 2014 a junho de 2015. Os dados foram tratados em software estatístico.Resultados: Analisaram-se 8146 isolamentos microbiológicos, nos quais se obtiveram 23% de isolamentos de microrganismos ‘problema’ (por ordem decrescente de frequência: Enterococcus, Pseudomonas, Staphylococcus aureus e Streptococcus pneumonia), sendo 57,55% em doentes do sexo masculino. O mecanismo de resistência mais frequente foi a produção de betalactamase de espectro estendido no global dos isolamentos e a resistência à oxacilina nos microrganismos ‘problema’.Discussão: Nesta amostra, observou-se uma incidência bastante superior de microrganismos problema àquela publicada noutros países, o que remete para a necessidade da melhoria de mecanismos de vigilância e tratamento destes casos. Os microrganismos que apresentaram mais resistências foram o Staphylococcus aureus (resistente à oxacilina) e o Enterococcus (resistente à vancomicina), tendo-se verificado que a média de idades nestes casos era superior à dos não resistentes. A maioria destes microrganismos foi isolada no internamento e unidades de cuidados diferenciados, o que os relaciona a infeções associadas aos cuidados de saúde.Conclusão: A prevalência de infeção por microrganismos ‘problema’ no período estudado foi de 23%. É importante a deteção e o controle da disseminação destes microrganismos pelo seu impacto nos custos em saúde, morbilidade e sobrevida dos doentes.
Update on Atopic Dermatitis
Authors: Torres Tiago , Ferreira Eduarda Osório , Gonçalo Margarida , Mendes-Bastos Pedro , Selores Manuela , Filipe Paulo
Published: September 2019

With an increasing prevalence during the past decades, atopic dermatitis has become a global health issue. A literature search following a targeted approach was undertaken to perform this non-systematic review, which intends to provide an overview of the epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical features, comorbidities, and current therapies for the treatment of atopic dermatitis. In sum, this is a heterogeneous skin disorder associated with variable morphology, distribution, and disease course. Although not completely understood, its pathogenesis is complex and seems to result from a combination of genetic and environmental factors that induce skin barrier dysfunction, cutaneous and systemic immune dysregulation, skin microbiota dysbiosis, and a strong genetic influence. Diagnosis is based on specific criteria that consider patient and family history and clinical manifestations. Overall disease severity must be determined by evaluating both objective signs and subjective symptoms. Therapeutic goals require a multistep approach, focusing on reducing pruritus and establishing disease control. Patients should be advised on basic skin care and avoidance of triggers. Topical anti-inflammatory agents should be considered in disease flares or chronic/recurrent lesions. In case of inadequate response, phototherapy, systemic immunosuppressants and, more recently, dupilumab, should be added. Nevertheless, the treatment of moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis remains challenging and novel, efficacious, safe and targeted treatments are urgently needed. In conclusion, although the last few years have seen important improvement in the understanding of the disease, future research in atopic dermatitis will continue exploring gene-environment interactions and how it affects pathophysiology, disease severity, and treatment outcomes.
A Primer on Cybersecurity for Physicians
Authors: Lea Nathan C. , De Meyer Filip
Published: September 2019

N/a.
Qualidade de vida no trabalho em uma cooperativa de reciclados
Authors: Oliveira de Souza Amanda , Endo Gustavo Yuho , Costa Jardim Neto Álvaro , Lucion Éric Vinicius , De Paula Amanda Aparecida
Published: September 2019

A implantação da qualidade de vida no trabalho (QVT) como um agente motivador é vantajoso tanto para o colaborador quanto para a organização, visto que além de promover melhores condições para os colaboradores, por consequência aumenta a produtividade e a lucratividade da empresa, também reduz os índices de rotatividade. O objetivo deste estudo é verificar se há práticas de QVT em uma cooperativa de reciclados localizada em Presidente Prudente/SP, bem como a sua influência nos aspectos motivacionais dos cooperados. Foi realizada uma pesquisa bibliográfica, qualitativa de natureza aplicada e foi utilizado a entrevista primária e secundária como procedimento para a coleta de dados. O método de investigação foi o estudo de caso, e para descrever a produção de propostas de intervenções foi utilizado o relato técnico. Os resultados demonstraram que na empresa existem algumas práticas que visam a QVT, porém não são suficientes e necessitam de melhorias. Concluiu-se também que a falta dessas práticas influencia na motivação dos cooperados no desenvolvimento das atividades.
Cenário de pesquisas internacionais com a teoria social cognitiva em estudos organizacionais
Authors: Klein Simone Boruck , Favero Eveline , Wrubel Franciele
Published: September 2019

O objetivo deste estudo é analisar as publicações científicas em língua inglesa que utilizaram a Teoria Social Cognitiva em temáticas direcionadas a negócios e identificar temas relevantes para futuras pesquisas. A metodologia, sob critérios do protocolo sistemático PRISMA, apresenta análise de conteúdo dos artigos desenvolvidos na última década e criação de categorias temáticas. Os resultados mostram predomínio da categoria carreira, seguida pelas categorias: liderança, comportamento do consumidor, treinamento para engajamento em reabilitação, engajamento, comportamento organizacional e aprendizagem e desempenho. Com exceção da categoria carreira, as demais apresentaram-se incipientes, o que evidencia lacunas a serem exploradas na Teoria Social Cognitiva.
Global, Non-Parametric, Non-Iterative Optimization of Time-Averaged Quantities under Small, Time-Varying Forcing: An Application to a Thermal Convection Field
Authors: ISHIDA Hideshi , Ihara Shiho , Okema Chiharu , Yamada Shohei , Kawahara Genta
Published: September 2019

This study demonstrates a global, non-parametric, non-iterative optimization of time-mean value of a kind of index vibrated by time-varying forcing. It is based on the fact that the (steady) forced vibration of non-autonomous ordinary differential equation systems is well approximated by an analytical solution when the amplitude of forcing is sufficiently small and its base state without forcing is linearly stable and steady. It is applied to optimize a time-averaged heat-transfer rate on a two-dimensional thermal convection field in a square cavity with horizontal temperature difference, and the globally optimal way of vibrational forcing, i.e. the globally optimal, spatial distribution of vibrational heat and vorticity sources, is first obtained. The maximized vibrational thermal convection corresponds well to the state of internal gravity wave resonance. In contrast, the minimized thermal convection is weak, keeping the boundary layers on both sidewalls thick.
Persistence Landscape based Topological Data Analysis for Personalized Arrhythmia Classification
Authors: Yan Yan , Ivanov Kamen , Cen Jian , Liu Qiu-Hua , Wang Lei
Published: September 2019

Data can be illustrated in shapes, and the shapes could provide insight for data modeling and information extraction. Topological data analysis provides an alternative insight in biomedical data analysis and knowledge discovery with the algebra topology tools. In present work, we study the application of topological data analysis for personalized electrocardiographic signal classification toward arrhythmia analysis. Using phase space reconstruction technique, the signal samples are converted into point clouds for topological analysis facility. With topological techniques the persistence landscapes from the point clouds are extracted as features to perform the arrhythmia classification task. We find that the proposed method is robust to the training set size, with only a training set size of 20% percents, the normal heartbeat class are 100% recognized, ventricular beats for 97.13%, supra-ventricular beats for 94.27% and fusion beats for 94.27% within the corresponding experiments. The property of keeping high performance when using smaller training sample proves that the proposed method is especially applicable to personalized analysis. With the present study, we show that the topological data analysis technique could be a useful tool in biomedical signal analysis, and provide powerful ability in personalized analysis.
Molecular Breeding for Developing A New Upland Rice Variety ‘Bio Patenggang Agritan’
Authors: Utami Dwinita Wikan , Rahmawati Maulidia , Yuriyah Siti , Dadang Ahmad , Nurani Siti , Jadid Nurul
Published: September 2019

Situ Patenggang is an elite upland rice variety well-accepted by farmers, but recently this variety started to be attacked by blast disease (Pyricularia grisea) that causes yield loss up to 50%. To overcome this problem, Bio Patenggang variety has been developed through molecular breeding using blast-resistant monogenic lines as donor parents. The aim of this research was to present molecular breeding approach of Bio Patenggang development, including steps from the phenotypic selection on candidate lines to the genotypic analysis assisted by molecular markers. The phenotypic performances were assessed using Distinctness, Uniformity, and Stability (DUS) testing by following the standard method stated in the rice test guidelines. The genotypic analyses were performed using foreground and background markers. Four BC3F7 lines were selected as the candidates of the Situ Patenggang-derived variety. Based on ANOVA and Principal Component Analysis (PCA), phenotypic performances of the four lines demonstrated no significant differences with that of Situ Patenggang. The selected lines have also passed the foreground analysis confirming that the lines contained Pita, Pii, Pik-p, and Pia last resistance genes. Background analysis showed that the selected lines demonstrated agronomic perfomances very similar to that of Situ Patenggang. Association analyses showed that 14 markers were associated with the target traits and 10 out of the 14 markers were identified as co-segregation markers. The four selected lines, therefore, were proposed to be released as Situ Patenggang-derived variety. One of the lines (Sta-8-S15-TB16) has been approved to be released as a new variety, namely ‘Bio Patenggang Agritan’.
The effect of oxytocin vaginal gel on vaginal atrophy in postmenopausal women: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Zohrabi Ilnaz , Abedi Parvin , Ansari Somayeh , Maraghi Elham , Maram Nader Shakiba
Published: September 2019

Background: Around 90% of postmenopausal women are suffering from vaginal atrophy. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of oxytocin vaginal gel on vaginal atrophy among postmenopausal women. Methods: This was a randomized controlled trial that was conducted on 96 postmenopausal women who suffered from vaginal atrophy. The inclusion criteria were: literate women, age 40-60, at least one year passed from their last menstrual period or the level of FSH>40IU, monogamous women with the sexual relationship. Women in the intervention group, requested to use one applicator of 400 IU oxytocin gel per night and women in the placebo group used placebo each night. The subjective symptoms of vaginal atrophy, vaginal PH, maturation index were measured before and after the intervention. Results: The number of superficial cells was increased significantly in the oxytocin group compared to placebo (38.7±7.18 vs. 3.69±2.76, p=0.0001), while the number of parabasal cells was decreased significantly in the oxytocin compared to placebo after the intervention. The improvement of the maturation index was more dominant in the oxytocin group (increased from 7.76±4.68 to 52.48±7.54) in comparison to the placebo group (increased from 8.58±4.35 to 13.25±5.06). The PH of the vagina decreased significantly in the oxytocin group in comparison to the placebo group (p=0.0001). After eight weeks, 88.6% and 7.1% of women in the oxytocin and placebo groups did not show the severe symptoms of vaginal atrophy (p=0.001) Conclusion: The results of this study showed that eight week intervention with oxytocin vaginal gel (400 IU) could significantly improve the vaginal maturation index, subjective symptoms of vaginal atrophy and reduce the PH of the vagina. Using this medication in women who have a contraindication for hormone therapy is recommended.
The efficacy of Bifidobacterium quadruple viable tablet in the treatment of diarrhea predominant irritable bowel syndrome: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter trial.
Authors: Zeng Haoyu , Bai Tao , Long Yanqin , Li Xiaoqing , Sun Xiaohong , Lan Yu , Gao Lingling , Zhang Lu , Feng Zenghui , Hou Xiaohua
Published: September 2019

Background Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is one of the most acommon functional gastrointestinal disorders characterized by recurrent abdominal pain associated with defecation or a change in bowel habits. Leading to significant negative effect on patients’ quality of life and huge financial burden to health system, the management of IBS is a great challenge. Probiotics are considered as an effective therapy, however, in a lack of high-quality evidence of efficacy, no specific strain- and dose-probiotics were recommended in clinical guidelines. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of the bifidobacterium quadruple viable tablet in the treatment of IBS-D.
Methods/design A multicenter randomized controlled trial will be performed in fourteen hospitals. A total of three hundred patients fulfill the eligible criteria will be stratified divided into an experimental group and a control group randomly in a ratio of 1:1. The experimental group is treated with the bifidobacterium quadruple viable tablet while the control group is treated with placebo. All the patients will receive a 4-week treatment and a 2-week follow-up. The primary outcome is the effectiveness in improving abdominal pain and stool consistency, the secondary outcome include evaluation of overall symptom relief, frequency of defecation, bloating, urgency of defecation, remedial medication, score of IBS-QOL and changes of microbiota and metabonomics. Physical examination, vital signs, laboratory tests, adverse events and concomitant medication will be taken into account for intervention safety assessment during the trial.
Discussion This multicenter randomized controlled trial may provide high-quality evidence on the efficacy of the bifidobacterium quadruple viable tablet for IBS-D on both physical and mental dimensions in China. To fill the gap of previous probiotics intervention studies, in addition, this study will also present safety assessment which will be a significant emphasis.
Double-chamber Syringe Versus Classical Syringes for Peripheral Intravenous Drug Administration and Catheter Flushing: a Study Protocol for a Randomised Controlled Trial
Authors: Parreira Pedro Miguel , Sousa Liliana M. , Marques Inês A. , Costa Paulo , Braga Luciene M. , Cruz Arménio G. , Salgueiro-Oliveira Anabela
Published: September 2019

Background

The prevention of catheter-related complications is nowadays an important topic of research. Flushing the catheters is considered an important clinical procedure in preventing malfunction and several complications such as phlebitis or infection. Considering the latest guidelines of the Infusion Nurses Society, the flushing involves a pre and post-drug administration, requiring different syringes (with associated overall increased times of preparation/administration of intravenous medication by nurses, also increasing the need for manipulation of the venous catheter).Methods

A multi-centre, two-arm randomised controlled trial with partially blinded outcome assessment, of 146 adult patients. After eligibility analysis and informed consent, participants will receive usual intravenous administration of drugs with subsequent flushing procedures, with the double-chamber syringe (arm A) or with the classical syringes (arm B). The outcomes assessment will be performed on a daily basis by the unblind research team, with the same procedures in both groups. Some main outcomes, such as phlebitis and infiltration, will also be evaluated by nurses from a blind research team and registered once a day.Discussion

The study outlined in this protocol will provide valuable insight regarding the effectiveness and safety of this new medical device. The development of a new medical device (dual-chamber syringe, for drug and flush solution) seems to be an important step to facilitate the nurses’ adoption of good clinical practices in intravenous procedures, reducing the catheter manipulations.
Relative risk of intimate partner violence according to access to instrumental social support among pregnant women in Eswatini whose partners do and do not drink alcohol
Authors: Fielding-Miller Rebecca , Barker Kathryn , Wagman Jennifer
Published: September 2019

Background Intimate partner violence (IPV) affects 1 in 3 women around the world and is the 10th leading cause of death for women in the Africa region ages 15-29. Partner alcohol use, access to social support, and poverty all affect women’s likelihood of experiencing violence. We sought to understand how partner alcohol use differentially affected instrumental social support’s protective role against IPV for a clinic-based sample of women in the Kingdom of Eswatini (Swaziland).Methods We recruited 406 pregnant women from one rural and one urban antenatal clinic in Eswatini. Women used audio computer assisted self-interview software to answer a 45 minute behavioral survey with items on IPV, partner alcohol use, and likelihood that they could access small cash loans, large cash loans, or food loans from their social network. We then calculated the relative risk of experiencing IPV based on access to different forms of loans for the full sample and stratified by partner alcohol use.Results Confidence that she could access a fairly large loan (~$40) was associated with significantly decreased relative risk of IPV for all women. Confidence that she could access a fairly small loan (~$4) was associated with decreased relative risk of IPV for women whose partners did not drink but was insignificant for women whose partners did drink. Confidence that a friend or neighbor would lend her food was associated with decreased relative risk of IPV for women whose partners did drink.Conclusion Access to instrumental support (loans of food or money) is protective against IPV, but there are differential effects according to the type of loan and whether or not a woman’s partner drinks alcohol. Economic empowerment interventions to reduce IPV must be carefully tailored to ensure they are appropriate for a woman’s specific individual, relationship, and community context.
Women’s retention on the Continuum of Maternal Care Pathway in West Gojjam Zone, Ethiopia: Multilevel Analysis
Authors: Emiru Amanu Aragaw , Alene Getu Degu , Debelew Gurmesa Tura
Published: September 2019

Background The continuum of maternal care has been one of the effective approaches for improving the health of mothers and newborns. Although a large numbers of Ethiopian women do not use maternal health services, points of drop out along the continuum are not understood well. Understanding of a particular point of maternal care dropout on the continuum, however, helps governments make effective interventions. This study aimed to assess the extent of women’s service use and the factors affecting retention on the continuum of care in West Gojjam Zone, Ethiopia. Methods A community based survey linked to health facility data was conducted in June 2018. Data were obtained from 1281 mothers who gave birth to their last baby within the preceding 12-18 months from a two-stage cluster sampling. Data were collected via face-to-face interviews using a pretested questionnaire. Multilevel logistic regression models were used to examine the effects of individual and cluster-level factors on key elements of the continuum of care. The measure of fixed effects was expressed as Odds Ratio with 95% confidence interval.Results The study revealed that only 12.1% of women completed the continuum of care (ANC4+, SBA, PNC within 48 hours after birth); while, 25.1% reported not having care at any stage for their most recent birth. There were commonalities and differences in the predictors of the three indicators of maternal health service utilization. Variables related to services received during antenatal care such as early initiation of ANC (AOR=7.53, 95%CI, 2.94, 19.29) and receiving proper contents (AOR=3.31, 95%CI, 1.08, 10.16) were among the predictors significantly associated with the completion of the continuum of care. Conclusions The continuum of maternal care completion rate was extremely low, indicating that women were not getting the maximum possible health benefit from existing health services. Factors influencing each of the three indicators of maternal care service revealed to operate at various levels - individual, household, community, and facility. Since antenatal care is one of the basic gateways for subsequent use of maternal services, strategies that aimed to improve maternal health service utilization should target early initiation and antenatal care quality.
Activity of taurolidine on species associated with periodontitis
Authors: Radakovic Sabrina , Schmid Simon , Andreoli Nicola , Nietzsche Sandor , Zumbrunn Jürg , Sculean Anton , Eick Sigrun
Published: September 2019

Background Taurolidine is thought to be an alternative antimicrobial in periodontal therapy. The purpose of this follow-up taurolidine study was to determine in more detail the mode of action of taurolidine against bacterial species being associated with periodontal disease. Further, a potential development of resistance against taurolidine in comparison with minocycline was to evaluate. Results Visualizing the mode of action of taurolidine to Porphyromonas gingivalis by scanning and transmission electron micrographs showed in part pores and release of constituents from the cell wall. The interaction of taurolidin with bacterial cell wall is also supported by the finding that taurolidine inhibited in a concentration-dependent manner the activities of LPS and of the P. gingivalis arginine-specific gingipains. However, an effect on A. actinomycetemcomitans leukotoxin was not found. When transferring 14 clinical isolates from subgingival biofilm samples (4 P. gingivalis, 2 A. actinomycetemcomitans, 2 Tannerella forsythia, 2 Fusobacterium nucleatum, 4 oral streptococci) on agar plates containing subinhibitory concentrations of taurolidine up to 50 passages, one P. gingivalis strain developed a resistance against taurolidine which was probably linked with efflux mechanisms. When antimicrobial pressure was removed, MIC reverted to baseline value. Testing development of resistance to minocycline in a similar way, an increase of MIC values occurred in five of the 14 included strains after exposure to subinhibitory concentrations of the antibiotic. Efflux might play a role in one A. actinomycetemcomitans strains, but obviously not in the other four strains. Removing antimicrobial pressure for a few passages did not revert the increased MIC values. Conclusion Taurolidine interacts with LPS and gingipains. Development of resistance seems to be a rare event when applying taurolidine. A potential development of resistance might be associated with efflux mechanisms.
Extended-spectrum Beta-lactamase and AmpC Beta-lactamase producing gram negative bacilli isolated from clinical specimens at International Clinical Laboratories, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Authors: Tekele Saba Gebremichael , Teklu Dejenie Shiferaw , Legese Melese Hailu , Birru Samuel Kinde , Tullu Kassu Desta
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background : For Gram negative pathogens, production of beta-lactamase (β-lactamases) enzymes are the main mechanisms of resistance for most antimicrobial drugs. Of these β-lactamases, Extended spectrum Beta-lactamases (ESBL) and AmpC β-lactamases (AmpC) are the commonest enzymes produced by gram negative bacilli which are main mechanisms for the resistance all generations of cephalosporins. This study was therefore, aimed to assess the magnitude of ESBL and AmpC producing gram negative bacilli (GNB) isolated from clinical specimens at International clinical Laboratories, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted between January to May 2018. From different clinical specimens, 338 GNB were isolated. Bacterial species identification, antimicrobial susceptibility testing and β-lactamases screening were performed using phoenix automated system (BD phoenix 100 ). Cefoxitin resistant bacteria were confirmed for AmpC β-lactamases production by AmpC confirmatory disc. ESBLs production was confirmed using a combination disc method. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 20 software.
Results: The predominant GNB was E. coli 66.0% (224/338) followed by K. pneumoniae 12.1% (41/338). The overall magnitude of ESBL producing GNB was 38.8% (131/338) while AmpC β-lactamases producing GNB was 2.4% (8/338). The majority of ESBLs and AmpC β-lactamases producing GNB were isolated from urine specimen 47.5% (116/338). Ampicillin (75.4%), amoxicillin with clavulanic acid (64.0%) and sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim (55.6%) were most common resistance antibiotics. Multidrug resistance (MDR) level was 73.7% (249/338). Of ESBLs and AmpC β-lactamases producing GNB, 99.3% were MDR (P < 0.05).
Conclusion: The magnitude of ESBL and AmpC β-lactamases producing GNB were significantly high which is worrying that needs intervention to minimize further occurrence and spread of such GNB. The MDR level was high which suggests continuous monitoring & reviewing of antimicrobial policy in hospitals and the country at large.
Keywords: Extended spectrum β-lactamase, AmpC β-lactamase, Multidrug Resistance, Gram negative bacilli, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia