bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Surgical Site Infection (Ssi) In Open Vs Laparoscopic Appendicectomy In Case Of Complicated Appendicities: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Bhuiyan Md Nur Hossain , Nahid Sayed Md Samser , Afrose Rumana , Ali SM Ashraf , Yusuf Omar Faruque , Nizamuddin Md
Published: June 2022

Appendicectomy is one of the most common surgical procedures in day to day practice in Bangladesh. Although it is considered a safe operation, a potential complication developed in complicated appendicitis. Surgical site infection is one of those noticeable complications. Infection of wound still remains one of the main postoperative morbidities and as a result, prolonged hospitalization in those undergoing open appendicectomy(OA).Laparoscopic appendectomy (LA) has been widely practiced for uncomplicated appendicitis. The role of laparoscopy in management of complicated appendicitis remains undefined. Complicated appendicitis is associated with a significant risk of postoperative morbidity, making the value of the minimally invasive approach is superior. This is a retrospective study comparing SSI in laparoscopic appendicectomy versus open appendicectomy. The study was performed on 120 patients which were clinically and after investigation diagnosed as a case of complicated appendicitis from January 2008 to June 2011. Out of them 60 patient were done by laparoscopically and 60 patients by open method. Complicated appendicitis includes perforated appendicitis, gangrenous appendicitis and appendicular abscess or early lump found intra-operatively. Patients were excluded if the diagnosis of appendicitis was not clinically established and if they had a history of symptoms for more than 5 days and/or a palpable mass in the right lower quadrant. The conversion rate, operative time, SSI (postoperative abdominal and wound infections), the return to oral intake, and the length of hospitalization were analyzed .The aim of this study is to compare the SSI between LA and OA for complicated appendicitis. In 60 patients of laparoscopic appendectomy for complicated appendicitis there were 35 patients with perforated appendicitis, 12 patients with gangrenous appendicitis and 13 patients with early appendicular lump or abscess. There were 42 males and 18 females, mean age 24 yrs (range, 18 to 32), The average operating time was 65 minutes. The average length of hospitalization was 3.2(2-5) days. The post operative narcotic analgesic requirement was minimal. Laparoscopy was converted to open surgery in two patients (3.33%). Four (6.6%) had post operative complications (diarrhea). Nine patients developed (15.00%) developed wound (port) infection. SSI . No statistically significant differences in operative time (P0.13) There was no mortality in the current series. Laparoscopic appendectomy is a safe and feasible treatment option in complicated appendicitis. It is advantageous than open surgery because of less wound infection, less morbidity, less hospital stay and early return to work and not associated with increased risk of septic postoperative complications.
JCMCTA 2013; 24 (1):53-57
Bed Side Teaching: Past And Present
Authors: Sayeed Md Abu , Siraji Dilruba
Published: June 2022

Sir William Osler (1849-1920), asserted that there should be “no teaching without a patient for a text, and the best is that taught by the patient himself [1]." The objective of the medical colleges is production of good doctors. Bedside clinical teaching in the presence of patients is the most relevant to this aim. Clinical teaching is concerned with the learning of several clinical skills such as history taking, physical examination, clinical reasoning, decision making, communication, and professionalism (such as learning how to work in teams, and how to interact with the public). More than half of the patients' problems can be diagnosed after history taking, and up to 75% of these problems can be diagnosed by the end of physical examination [2]. The traditional clinical teacher will maintain that there is no substitute for clinical bedside teaching, while the modern educationalist will opt for multimedia applications, audio CDs and patient simulators [2,3]. Although bedside teaching has been a mainstay of medical education since Osler, it has declined substantially in recent years [4-8].

JCMCTA 2013 ; 24 (2): 1-3
Presentation And Outcome Of Infantile Hypertrophic Pyloric Stenosis: A Five Year Retrospective Study In Chittagong Medical College
Authors: Bhuiyan Md Akbar Husain , Chowdhury Tanvir Kabir , Rahman MA Mushfiqur , Sajid Md Minhajuddin , Farooq Md Abdullah Al , Sarwar Md Khurshid Alam , Das Sahadeb Kumar , Habib Md Golam
Published: June 2022

Infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis (IHPS) is the most common cause of gastric outlet obstruction in infants with a prevalence of 1.5 to 4.0 per 1000 live births. It has been suggested that the incidence is increasing. USG is the most useful method for diagnosis supplanting physical examination and pyloromyotomy is the time honored treatment option. A retrospective review of the patients of IHPS admitted in the department of Pediatric Surgery, Chittagong Medical College Hospital (CMCH) Chittagong, Bangladesh from January 2008 to December 2012 was done. Help was also taken from yearly departmental audits of 2008 to 2012. Data were analyzed with regard to occurrence, seasonal variation, gender variation, presentation, diagnosis, treatment and outcome. Statistical analysis was performed by the chi-square test, and mean and percentage values were calculated. P<0.05 was considered to be statistically significant. There were 42 patients of IHPS. Age range was 5 days to 1 year 8 months with mean age of 79 days. Male to Female ratio was 2.5:1. There was no significant difference between the rate of occurrence of IHPS and gender (P=0.5). There were 2 peaks on seasonal variations of IHPS during summer and winter but quarterly distribution was not statistically significant. Nonbilious vomiting was the most common clinical presentation and USG was the most useful investigation. Pyloromyotomy was done in all patients and persistent vomiting (24%) was the most common complication. The occurrence of IHPS was 0.29% of all admissions. There was no significant gender or seasonal variations. USG has replaced clinical examination as the most effective tool for diagnosis. Ramstedt pyloromytomy is still the choice of treatment on the basis of outcome.

JCMCTA 2013 ; 24 (2): 9-13
Thrombolytic Failure With Streptokinase In Acute St Elevation Myocardial Infarction Using Electrocardiogram Criteria At Coronary Care Unit Of Chittagong Medical College Hospital
Authors: Rahman Azizur , Chowdhury Md Ibrahim , Rouf Md Abdur , Murshed AKM Manzur , Ryhan Uddin Abdul Ahad Mohammed , Khan Munir Ahsan , Karim ASM Ahsanul , Jabed Syed Md
Published: June 2022

Thrombolysis is the commonest modality of revascularization and Streptokinase is the most widely used thrombolytic agent in Bangladesh. The thrombolytic efficacy of streptokinase has been found to be low ( 50-60%) in various international studies and its efficacy in our population requires to be investigated. ST-segment resolution 90 minutes after thrombolysis is an excellent marker of successful myocardial reperfusion having good sensitivity and specificity and thus can be used as an effective tool to determine reperfusion success. This study aimed to determine the thrombolytic failure with streptokinase in acute ST elevation myocardial infarction using 90 minute ST resolution on electrocardiogram and to compare the failure rate in this study with that found in other studies. This cross sectional observational study was conducted amongst the patients admitted in the coronary care unit (CCU) at Chittagong Medical College Hospital (CMCH) during September 2011 to February 2012. An ECG was performed at admission and 90 minutes after starting streptokinase infusion. Thrombolytic failure with streptokinase was defined using electrocardiogram criteria of less than 50 percent reduction in ST elevation in the worst infarct lead after 90 minutes of streptokinase infusion. Univariate analysis was used to test association of clinical variables with study outcome. A total of 82 patients (82 percent) failed thrombolysis using streptokinase. The failures were associated with four variables in univariate analysis model including anterior location of myocardial infarct (p-value < 0.001), longer symptom onset-to-needle time (p-value is 0.02), hypertension (p-value is 0.03) and diabetes (p-value is 0.03). Failure rates were higher compared to four international trials (GUSTO-1- 46%, Chen et al76%, Lee et al-56.8%, Riffat Sultana et al-38.5%). The failure rate was higher compared to that found in some of the international studies done both in Asian and western population which could be due to higher prevalence of streptococcal infection and hence anti-streptococcal antibody in our population. This group of patients may benefit from other early reperfusion strategy like recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) or primary PCI within 1 to 2 hours.

JCMCTA 2013 ; 24 (2): 30-35
Prevalence Of Acute Kidney Injury In Icu Patients
Authors: Ryhan Uddin Abdul Ahad Mohammed , Rouf Md Abdur , Das Kajol Kant , Roy Biswas Rajat Sanker , Rahman Mohammed Musfequr
Published: June 2022

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is common in the intensive care unit (ICU) and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. This study is aimed to estimate the prevalence of AKI in ICU and assess its relation with different indication of ICU admission and duration of hospital stay. It was a cross sectional study done in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) of Chittagong Medical College Hospital (CMCH), in the period of six months from 08/07/2012 to 07/01/2013. Hundred consecutive admitted patients in the ICU were taken as study subject and Acute Kidney Injury Network (AKIN) criteria was applied to evaluate the acute kidney injury among the admitted patients. The total number of ICU patients taken in the study were 100. Among them, 62 (62%) patients were male and 38(38%) of the patients were female. Male to female ratio was 1.6:1. 52(52%) came from urban areas and 48(48%) came from rural areas. Regarding the age distribution of total 100 patients age range was 22 to 81 years. The mean + SD was 53.90 – 14.502 years. Among the 100 patients majority were illiterate to primary level educated which were 42(42%). Maximum were in the income group 10,000-20,000 TK/month which is 45(45%). Among all patients housewives were found in 28(28%) cases, followed by retired from service, service holder and businessman in 20(20%), 12(12%) and 16(16%) cases respectively. Regarding analysis of causes of ICU admission respiratory failure was 31% which was highest, then 13% cases were stroke, 12% were septic shock and accidental injury each, postoperative complications were 8%, poisoning was 7%, GBS was 5%, hepatic encephalopathy was 7% and others was 5%. Among the 100 ICU patients, 28(28%) were found to have AKI. Among them, most of the patients (21.4%) of respiratory failure had AKI, next to it was accidental injury (17.8%), postoperative patients(14.2%), septic shock (14.4%), hepatic encephalopathy(10.7%), poisoning (7.2%) and stroke (3.6%). Regarding the renal function tests the mean + SD of blood urea was 46.64 18.19 mg/dl and it was 2.38 + 1.7mg/dl for serum creatinine. Out of 100 patients 57(57%) were ventilated and 43(43%) were not ventilated. Among the 57 ventilated patients 23(40.4%) had AKI and among the 43 non ventilated patients 4(11.6%) had AKI. Distribution was statistically significant (p<0.05). Among the 100 patients who stayed less than 5 days in the hospital(n=29) had AKI 24.1% of patients, who stayed 5-10 days(n=41) had AKI among 29.4% patients and who stayed >10 days(n=20) had AKI 30% of patients. Distribution of the AKI according to different duration of hospital stay was statistically significant (p<0.05) The prevalence of AKI in the ICU CMCH, according to AKIN criteria is 28%. Early intervention is essential to overcome the development of overt renal failure.

JCMCTA 2013 ; 24 (2): 36-39
Cervical Cancer Vaccination, A Step Towards Prevention : A Review
Authors: Chowdhury Shahanara , Ferdous Afroza
Published: June 2022

Cervical cancer is the second most common cancer among women in the world. The human papilloma virus (HPV) was conclusively identified as the etiological factor for anogenital malignancy, including inducing cervical cancer. Investigations during the last two decades have been concentrating on producing a vaccine against HPV virus. Thus prevention of HPV infection has been the main purpose and vaccination is expected to reduce up to 70% of related cervical cancer and prevent precancerous and cancerous lesions of the genitalia. However, screening programs are still essential for those who have already been exposed to the high risk forms of the virus. Educational and information programs continue to play important roles to increase the success rate of screening. Two vaccines are now available for primary prevention. They generate neutralizing antibodies to HPV capsid protein. The vaccines have been shown to confer nearly 100 per cent protection against cervical pre-cancers and genital warts caused by HPV types 16/18 in HPV naive population with few or no side effects. Though there is some cross protection, around 30 per cent of cervical cancers will not be prevented by the vaccine. Vaccination and screening, which are complementary and synergistic, now constitute the new paradigm for prevention of this disease.

JCMCTA 2013 ; 24 (2): 53-56
Clinical Characteristics of the Eye with Fuch’s Corneal Endothelial Dystrophy after Descemet Stripping Only
Authors: Yae Che Gyem , Jung Jae Uk , Park Mi Hwa , Jo Yeong Chae , Kim Hong Kyun
Published: June 2022

Purpose: To report the effect of removal of a central descemet membrane on the endothelial function, morphology, and clinical symptoms of eyes with Fuch’s endothelial dystrophy.Methods: From August 2019 to January 2021, patients with Fuch’s endothelial dystrophy, i.e., with confluent, central corneal guttae and cataracts that required surgery, underwent phacoemulsification, intraocular lens implantation, and central descemet membrane stripping. To evaluate the effect of descemet stripping only (DSO), visual acuity and intraocular pressure were measured, and corneal pachymetry, slit-lamp and specular microscopy, and anterior segment optical coherence tomography performed, before surgery and at 1, 7, and 30 days and 3 and 6 months after surgery.Results: Seven patients (10 eyes) were included. Visual acuity improved from 1.01 ± 0.40 logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution (logMAR) preoperatively to 0.33 ± 0.22 logMAR 6 months after surgery (p = 0.008). The mean central corneal thickness decreased from 578.50 ± 36.88 μm preoperatively to 568.50 ± 48.61 μm 6 months after surgery; the difference was not significant (p = 0.507). The endothelial cell count increased significantly from 663.80 ± 356.40/mm2 preoperatively to 1,082.00 ± 274.46/mm2 6 months after surgery (p = 0.043).Conclusions: DSO can serve as a useful alternative when corneal transplantation is not possible in patients with Fuch’s endothelial dystrophy, but treatment efficacy and safety require further evaluation.
Correlation between Frisby-Davis Distance Stereoacuity Scores and Long-term Surgical Outcomes in Intermittent Exotropia
Authors: Lee Sohyung , Lee Donghun , Kim Sook Young
Published: June 2022

Purpose: We analyzed postoperative Frisby-Davis distance (FD2) stereotest scores and changes in the angle of deviation, and the correlation between postoperative FD2 stereotest scores and long-term surgical outcomes, in patients with intermittent exotropia.Methods: This retrospective study included patients aged less than 12 years with intermittent exotropia who underwent at least 28 months of postoperative follow-up. We analyzed the changes in the postoperative angle of deviation and preoperative and postoperative Titmus and FD2 stereotest scores. Surgical success rates at 28 months postoperatively were compared between the good (FD2 at 10 months postoperatively ≤ 10 arcsec) and bad (FD2 at 10 months postoperatively ≥ 15 arcsec) stereotest groups. Surgical success was defined as a horizontal deviation on distance measurement of 5 prism diopter (PD) esodeviation to 10 PD exodeviation at 1 year postoperatively.Results: This study included 101 patients. No significant difference was identified between preoperative and postoperative Titmus test scores. However, the FD2 stereotest scores were significantly improved at 10 months postoperatively (p = 0.001). A significant, positive correlation was observed between FD2 stereotest scores at 10 months postoperatively and the angles of deviation at distance at 10, 16, 22, and 28 months postoperatively (p ≤ 0.001 for all). The surgical success rates at 28 months postoperatively were 73.1% and 43.5% in the good and bad stereotest groups, respectively (p = 0.008).Conclusions: Distance stereoacuity within 1 year postoperatively correlated with the postoperative angle of deviation at distance. Good distance stereoacuity (i.e., < 10 arcsec) within 1 year postoperatively correlated with a higher surgical success rate compared to bad distance stereoacuity.
Analysis of Local Wisdom Values in The Ghofilinan Tradition in Katimoho Village, Gresik Regency
Authors: Wiradani Fajar Bangun
Published: June 2022

The research departed from the phenomenon of the elimination of elements of local culture in society. One of the causes was the current modernization and globalization of all aspects of life, including traditions and culture. The formation of noble values that were able to pattern the behavior of the Indonesian people was due to the decisive role of customs, which became a culture in people's lives. Although the customs and culture of each region were different, in general, they had the same essential values. Traditional and cultural philosophies that have developed in various parts of the Indonesian nation, on average, instill good and positive moral attitudes and behaviors. This research objective was to find the local wisdom values and the Ghofilinan tradition in the Katimoho Village community. This research was a qualitative method. Data were collected from primary and secondary sources. Primary sources were carried out by direct observation (natural observation). For in-depth review, interviews were carried out. Secondary data was obtained through literature study and village documentation. The research results concluded that the Ghofilin tradition had religious, social, historical, and economic values that coexisted with Islamic values. Islam is a religion with a set of values that have influenced the cultural patterns and traditions of the Katimoho Village community. The meeting of Islamic values with the local wisdom values in the Dzikrul Ghofilin tradition was a process of cultural acculturation. It made the socio-cultural aspects of the local community not necessarily eroded by Islamic teachings.
IMPLEMENTATION OF MOORA METHOD FOR DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEM SCHOLARSHIP SELECTION IN SMK MUHAMMADIYAH PRAMBANAN
Authors: Perdana Dinar Abdi , Prabowo Donni , Sari Bety Wulan
Published: June 2022

Decision Support System for Scholarship Selection at SMK Muhammadiyah Prambanan Using the MOORA Method aims to implement the Multi-Objective Optimization method on the basis of Ration Analysis. In determining scholarship recipients based on predetermined criteria and building a system in the form of a website to help provide alternative decisions in determining the acceptance of scholarships at SMK Muhammadiyah Prambanan. Based on the source of the data obtained, using primary data including interview and observation methods supported by secondary data obtained by literature studies that are relevant to the problem. Scholarship data is calculated and then ranked based on the final value generated from the MOORA calculation. The process of scholarships selection is based on criteria including report card grades, dependents of parents, the income of parents, percentage of attendance, and the number of siblings. The results of this study are the Scholarship Selection Decision Support System Using the MOORA Method, where the final value in the form of an alternative that has the greatest preference value will be placed at the top rank. The alternative will be a recommendation to receive a scholarship.
Non-Invasive Intracranial Pressure Monitoring and Its Applicability in Spaceflight
Authors: Félix Hugo , Oliveira Edson Santos
Published: June 2022

INTRODUCTION: Neuro-ophthalmic findings collectively defined as Spaceflight-Associated Neuro-ocular Syndrome (SANS) are one of the leading health priorities in astronauts engaging in long duration spaceflight or prolonged microgravity exposure. Though multifactorial in etiology,
similarities to terrestrial idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) suggest these changes may result from an increase or impairing in intracranial pressure (ICP). Finding a portable, accessible, and reliable method of monitoring ICP is, therefore, crucial in long duration spaceflight. A
review of recent literature was conducted on the biomedical literature search engine PubMed using the search term “non-invasive intracranial pressure”. Studies investigating accuracy of noninvasive and portable methods were assessed. The search retrieved different methods that
were subsequently grouped by approach and technique. The majority of publications included the use of ultrasound-based methods with variable accuracies. One of which, noninvasive ICP estimation by optical nerve sheath diameter measurement (nICP_ONSD), presented the highest statistical correlation
and prediction values to invasive ICP, with area under the curve (AUC) ranging from 0.75 to 0.964. One study even considers a combination of ONSD with transcranial Doppler (TCD) for an even higher performance. Other methods, such as near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS), show positive and promising
results [good statistical correlation with invasive techniques when measuring cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP): r = 0.83]. However, for its accessibility, portability, and accuracy, ONSD seems to present itself as the up to date, most reliable, noninvasive ICP surrogate and a valuable spaceflight
asset.Félix H, Santos Oliveira E. Non-invasive intracranial pressure monitoring and its applicability in spaceflight. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2022; 93(6):517–531.
Equilibrium and Vestibular Safety of Modafinil in Healthy Volunteers
Authors: Liu Fengzhou , Zhang Min , Chen Tao , Zhai Lihong , Zhang Zuoming , Xue Junhui
Published: June 2022

BACKGROUND: Modafinil, as a wake-promoting agent, is commonly used to relieve fatigue during military operations. However, there is a lack of clarity regarding the effects of modafinil on the equilibrium and vestibular organs, especially when prescribing this drug to flight crewmembers.
The objective of this study was to evaluate the equilibrium- and vestibular-related safety effects of modafinil.METHODS: In a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover study, 10 healthy male volunteers received a single 200-mg oral dose of modafinil or placebo. Equilibrium
and vestibular functions were assessed 2 h after oral administration by the sensory organization test (SOT), adaptation test (ADT), and video head impulse test (v-HIT).RESULTS: There was no change in the equilibrium scores of the six SOT conditions or the composite scores between
the modafinil and placebo groups. Statistically significant differences were not observed for the sway energy score (SES) in the toe-down test. In the toe-up test, the SES decreased by 16.7% in the modafinil group relative to the placebo group in trial 2, while the differences in other trials
were not statistically significant. In the v-HIT, there was no significant difference in the gain of each semicircular canal between the two groups.DISCUSSION: A single 200-mg dose of modafinil did not cause any impairment to vestibular function, equilibrium ability, or adaptive
balance response; in fact, modafinil might have a positive effect on adaptation function in healthy volunteers. These findings preliminarily suggest that there is no hidden risk of vestibular dysfunction among aviation employees using modafinil.Liu F, Zhang M, Chen T, Zhai L, Zhang
Z, Xue J. Equilibrium and vestibular safety of modafinil in healthy volunteers. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2022; 93(6):487–492.
WHOLE BODY COMPOSITION AND BONE MINERAL DENSITY MEASURED BY DUAL-ENERGY X-RAY ABSORPTIOMETRY IN YOUNG SWIMMERS
Authors: ATAKAN Muhammed Mustafa , DEMİRCİ Necip , GÜZEL Yasemin , KOŞAR Nazan
Published: June 2022

Height-adjusted indexes that reflect muscularity and fatness have recently gained great momentum in exercise and sports sciences as these indexes are considered to more accurately predict general body composition (BC) status, compared to body mass index. The aim of the study was to compare BC components and height-adjusted indexes between young swimmers and non-athlete controls. Thirty-four young volunteers, consisting of eighteen swimmers (male n=8; female n=10) and sixteen college students serving as a control group (male n=8; female n=8), participated in this study. BC and whole-body bone mineral density (BMD) were measured using DXA and height-normalized indexes of fat mass (FM) and lean mass (LM) were calculated. Two-way (group*sex) ANOVA was used to compare the BC components within and between the groups. No differences in body mass index (BMI), age, and body weight were observed between the groups (p>0.05). Swimmers had greater LM and lean mass index (LMI), and lower total body fat mass percentage (FM%), fat mass index (FMI), and visceral adipose tissue (VAT) (p<0.01) compared to controls. BMD was similar in both groups regardless of sex (p>0.05). Male swimmers had lower FM% and FMI, and higher LM than female swimmers (p<0.001). BMD was correlated with BMI, LM, LMI, appendicular LMI (r=0.47, 0.55, 0.62, 0.60, respectively; p<0.001) and FM% (r=-0.35; p=0.04). Swimmers had higher lean and lower fat mass and VAT compared to inactive college students with similar age. Accordingly, swimming improves BC components; however, it does not seem to increase bone mineral density due to the reduced weight-bearing effect.
LEVELS OF USE OF WEB 2.0 TECHNOLOGIES IN THE EMERGENCY REMOTE EDUCATION PROCESS OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION AND SPORTS TEACHERS
Authors: CAN Seray , KERKEZ Fatma İlker
Published: June 2022

Öz: Bu araştırmanın amacı COVID-19 pandemisinin neden olduğu acil uzaktan öğretim sürecinde Beden Eğitimi ve Spor öğretmenlerinin Web 2.0 araçlarını kullanma düzeylerinin incelenmesidir. Nicel araştırma yöntemlerinden genel tarama modelinin bir türü olan kesitsel tarama modeli kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın evreni 2020-2021 eğitim öğretim bahar yarıyılında Muğla İl Milli Eğitim Müdürlüğüne bağlı ortaokul ve liselerde görev yapmakta olan Beden Eğitimi ve Spor öğretmenleridir. Seçkisiz olmayan amaçlı ölçüt örnekleme yöntemi ile 182 Beden Eğitimi ve Spor öğretmenine ulaşılmıştır. Veri toplama aracı olarak “Öğretmenlerin Eğitim Teknolojisi Kullanım Düzeylerini Belirleme Ölçeği”nin “Teknoloji Okuryazarlığı”, “Derse Teknoloji Entegrasyonu”, “İletişim” alt boyutları ile tanımlayıcı bilgi formu ve bir açık uçlu soru kullanılmıştır. Verilerin normal dağılım göstermesi sonucunda gruplar arasındaki farkı belirlemede bağımsız gruplarda t testi ve tek yönlü varyans analizi (ANOVA) kullanılmıştır. Çalışmadan elde edilen verilerin istatistiksel analizleri SPSS 22.0 programı ile yapılmıştır. Araştırma bulguları Beden Eğitimi ve Spor öğretmenlerinin acil uzaktan öğretim sürecinde Web 2.0 araçlarını derse entegre etme düzeylerinin yalnızca daha önce teknoloji kursu alanlar lehine farklılaştığını göstermektedir. Yanı sıra Web 2.0 araçlarının mesajlaşma uygulamalarını (WhatsApp, Telegram, Viber, WeChat vb.) ve sosyal ağları (Instagram, Youtube vb.) kullanma düzeyi kadın öğretmenler, yaşı daha genç olan öğretmenler ve lisansüstü öğrenim gören öğretmenler lehine farklılaşmaktadır. Teknoloji okuryazarlığı düzeyi ise yalnızca lisansüstü öğrenim gören öğretmenler lehine farklılaşmıştır. Bu bulgular çerçevesinde yüz yüze eğitimi kesintiye uğratabilecek durumlar karşısında Beden Eğitimi ve Spor öğretmenlerinin teknolojik mesleki donanımlarını geliştirmek için hizmet içi eğitim faaliyetlerinin ve eğitsel teknoloji ile ilgili kursların nicelik ve nitelik olarak artırılması önerilmektedir. Ayrıca acil uzaktan öğretimi gerektirecek durumlarda Beden Eğitimi ve Spor dersinin teorik bilgi içeren konularının Web 2.0 araçları (EBA, Zoom, Kahoot vb.) ile beceri uygulaması gerektiren konuların ise yüz yüze eğitim ile planlanması önerilmektedir.
Attitude Scale Towards Folk Dances (Astfd): Validity And Reliability Study Abstract
Authors: TEKKURŞUN DEMİR Gönül , ÖZBEK Ender , GÜNDÜZ Nevin
Published: June 2022

Araştırmada, halk oyunlarına yönelik tutum ölçeğinin geçerli ve güvenilir şekilde geliştirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Nicel araştırma modelinin kullanıldığı araştırmaya, 14-19 yaş grubundan 394 (192 kadın, 202 erkek) katılımcı dahil edilmiştir. Ölçeğin geliştirilmesinde öncelikle literatür taraması yapılmıştır. Daha sonra tutum özelliğinin incelenmesi yapılmış, uzman görüşü alınmış, madde havuzu oluşturulmuş ve ölçek, veri toplamaya hazır hale getirilmiştir. Verilerin analizinde, Açımlayıcı Faktör Analizi (AFA) ve Doğrulayıcı Faktör Analizi (DFA), Cronbach Alfa (α), test tekrar test, Spearman Brown, paralel form, AVE, CR güvenirlik katsayısından yararlanılmıştır. Ayrıca, madde ayırt edicilik analizi (alt-üst %27 grup karşılaştırması) yapılmış, ölçeğin her bir maddesinin ayırt edicilik gücünün yeterli olduğu saptanmıştır. Yapılan analizlerde, ölçeğin yapısının modele uygunluğunun, geçerliğinin, uyum indekslerinin ve güvenirliğinin halk oyunlarına yönelik tutumu ölçmek için yeterli ve mükemmel düzeyde olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak 3 faktörden ve 23 maddeden oluşan, Halk Oyunlarına Yönelik Tutum Ölçeği’nin zamana dayanıklı, geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçme aracı olduğu tespit edilmiştir.
INVESTIGATION OF THE COMPETITIVE BALANCE IN THE EUROPE'S BIG FIVE LEAGUES AND THE TURKISH SUPER LEAGUE: THE TEN SEASONS BETWEEN 2011/2012-2020/2021
Authors: SAVAŞ Buğra Çağatay
Published: June 2022

The balance of competition is one of the most critical factors in increasing the attractiveness of football. Football clubs have to have high competitive power, primarily to compete internationally. This direction examines the balance of competition in the last ten seasons in Europe's Big Five Leagues and the Turkish Super League. The study used an extensive data set covering the league scores of 196 clubs in the last ten seasons and C5, C5ICB, HHI, and HICB indices between 2011/12-2020/21 seasons in Europe's Big Five and Turkish Super League analysis of the data. It has been determined that there has been a general decrease in the competitive balance of the last ten seasons in Europe's Big Five Leagues, while an increase has been observed in the Turkish Super League. Competition in Italy, Spain, Germany and England Leagues is lower than in Turkey and France. It can be said that the Turkish Super League is more balanced in terms of competitiveness compared to the Big Five Leagues. It has been concluded that the teams' economic situation can be considered a priority factor in determining the competitive balance. Super League clubs have substantial financial resources, incorporation, development of youth development systems (infrastructure), managerial measures to increase broadcasting, matchday and commercial revenues, corporate governance principles, and different incomes to be competitive and have a solid economic structure. It is recommended to cooperate with professionals in the creation of resources.
Cuidados paliativos y calidad de vida
Authors: Lavado-Salinas Martha Enriqueta R.
Published: June 2022

Los cuidados paliativos representan un planteamiento que mejora la calidad de vida y bienestar de pacientes y familias que transcurren por una enfermedad, aliviando el sufrimiento físico, psicosocial y espiritual; con información adecuada sobre su estado de salud, reforzando la dignidad humana a través de los principios de la bioética; debiendo incluirse en todo el proceso de atención asistencial iniciando desde la atención primaria. Los profesionales de la salud tienen el compromiso y responsabilidad ética de mitigar el dolor y sufrimiento independientemente del pronóstico, evaluando la calidad de vida del paciente crónico, el impacto de la enfermedad, su adaptación a la misma, conocer como el tratamiento y los posibles efectos adversos repercuten en el proceso de evolución, desarrollando estrategias de comunicación medico paciente para ayudar a la toma de decisiones.
¿La raza, un constructo social o biológico? Nueva ecuación para estimar la tasa de filtración glomerular sin considerar a la raza
Authors: Azañero-Haro Johan
Published: June 2022

La tasa de filtración glomerular (TFG) es un índice que mide la velocidad a la que se filtra la sangre por minuto en los corpúsculos renales de ambos riñones, y que suele ser alrededor e 125 mL/min en los hombres y 105 mL/min en las mujeres. La  medición  de  la  TFG  se  hace  mediante  la  prueba  de Depuración de Creatinina con recolección de orina de 24 o 2 horas y no es viable en su inmediatez para su valoración en la práctica diaria, por ello se han desarrollado diversas ecuaciones matemáticas que permitan su estimación(1). Durante los últimos años, la TFG ha sido considerada como el mejor índice para evaluar la función renal, siendo muy importante en la atención médica de todo paciente.
Síndrome Cardio-Renal: Revisión Mecanística
Authors: Dumler Francis
Published: June 2022

El síndrome Cardio-Renal (SCR) es un proceso caracterizado por disfunción cardíaca, renal, y vascular magnificada por la "charla cruzada" anormal entre sistemas necesarios para el equilibrio y funcionamiento óptimo del organismo. Existen cinco fenotipos: tipo 1 (Cardio-Renal Agudo); tipo-2 (Cardio-Renal Crónico); tipo-3 (Reno-Cardiaco Agudo); tipo 4 (Reno-Cardíaco Crónico); tipo-5 (Cardio- Renal Secundario). El tipo 1 es el más común (50%). La insuficiencia cardíaca aguda disminuye el gasto cardíaco y reduce la perfusión/filtración glomerular, y la tasa de filtración glomerular. El tipo 2 es el segundo más común (20%). La insuficiencia cardíaca crónica causa hipoperfusión crónica que origina / agrava la enfermedad renal crónica. En el tipo 3, la lesión renal aguda causa sobrecarga de volumen que precipita insuficiencia cardíaca aguda. En el tipo 4, la enfermedad renal crónica aumenta el riesgo de desarrollar / empeorar la enfermedad cardíaca crónica e insuficiencia cardíaca. En el tipo 5, procesos sistémicos de una enfermedad aguda o crónica, causan disfunción cardíaca y renal simultánea mediadas por factores circulantes inflamatorios y pro-apoptóticos. La sepsis grave y los trastornos autoinmunes son ejemplos de este tipo. El tratamiento del SCR es complicado por mecanismos patofisiológicos múltiples e interrelacionados, y por el impacto conflictivo de terapias en órganos múltiples. Lo que beneficia a un órgano puede ser perjudicial para su contraparte y viceversa. Los paradigmas para el manejo de la sobrecarga del volumen, el fallo cardíaco descompensado agudo, las terapias farmacológicas y extracorpóreas, así como otros modos de terapia auxiliar son delineadas y discutidas.
PERENCANAAN PARTISIPATIF DALAM PENYUSUNAN RENCANA DETAIL TATA RUANG KOTA WAISAI, RAJA AMPAT, PAPUA
Authors: Yuniartanti Rizki Kirana
Published: June 2022

Salah satu agenda Prioritas Pembangunan Nasional Pemerintah dalam Rencana Pembangunan Jangka Menengah Nasional (RPJMN) 2020-2024 adalah mengembangkan wilayah untuk mengurangi kesenjangan dan menjamin pemerataan. Upaya ini dilakukan melalui penyusunan Rencana Detail Tata Ruang (RDTR). RDTR sebagai acuan untuk pengajuan konfirmasi/persetujuan Kesesuaian Kegiatan Pemanfaatan Ruang (KKPR) yang dapat dilakukan sesuai tingkat risikonya sesuai standar maupun kualitas ruang atau lingkungan. Kawasan Perkotaan Waisai, Kabupaten Raja Ampat Provinsi Papua Barat sebagai salah satu wilayah yang sangat memerlukan percepatan penyusunan RDTR dikarenakan peluang investasi yang besar disana, khususnya sektor pariwisata.

Penyusunan RDTR Kawasan Perkotaan Waisai dengan menerapkan konsep perencanaan partisipatif. Hal ini dikarenakan masyarakat sebagai penerima manfaat dari penyusunan RDTR Kawasan Perkotaan Waisai. Dalam penelitian ini akan menjabarkan proses penyusunan RDTR Kawasan Perkotaan Waisai yang menerapkan konsep perencanaan partisipatif. Kemudian dalam penelitian ini juga akan menilai tingkat partisipasi masyarakat dalam setiap kegiatan forum diskusi dan konsultasi publik yang dilaksanakan dengan pendekatan penelitian kombinasi (mixed method research) dan alat analisis skoring. Dari penelitian ini akan menilai tingkat pelibatan masyarakat dalam penyusunan RDTR, sekaligus kontribusi nyata dari pelibatan masyarakat tersebut. Dengan adanya penelitian ini diharapkan dapat menjadi contoh pembelajaran penyusunan RDTR di Kabupaten Raja Ampat pada khususnya dan wilayah lain di Indonesia pada umumnya dengan menerapkan konsep partisipasi masyarakat.
Bladder Acellular Matrix Prepared by a Self-Designed Perfusion System and Adipose-Derived Stem Cells to Promote Bladder Tissue Regeneration
Authors: Xiao Shuwei , Wang Pengchao , Zhao Jian , Ling Zhengyun , An Ziyan , Fu Zhouyang , Fu Weijun , Zhou Jin , Zhang Xu
Published: June 2022

The bladder patch constructed with the bladder acellular matrix (BAM) and adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) was incubated with the omentum for bladder reconstruction in a rat model of bladder augmentation cystoplasty. A self-designed perfusion system and five different decellularization protocols were used to prepare the BAM. Finally, an optimal protocol (group C) was screened out by comparing the cell nucleus residue, collagen structure preservation and biologically active components retention of the prepared BAM. ASCs-seeded (BAM-ASCs group) and unseeded BAM (BAM group) were incubated with the omentum for 7 days to promote neovascularization and then perform bladder reconstruction. Hematoxylin and eosin and Masson’s trichrome staining indicated that the bladder patches in the BAM-ASCs group could better regenerate the bladder wall structure compared to the BAM group. Moreover, immunofluorescence analyses demonstrated that the ASCs could promote the regeneration of smooth muscle, neurons and blood vessels, and the physiological function (maximal bladder capacity, max pressure prior to voiding and bladder compliance) restoration in the BAM-ASCs group. The results demonstrated that the self-designed perfusion system could quickly and efficiently prepare the whole bladder scaffold and confirmed that the prepared BAM could be used as the scaffold material for functional bladder tissue engineering applications.
In vitro Exposure to Inflammatory Mediators Affects the Differentiation of Mesenchymal Progenitors
Authors: Marsh S. , Constantin-Teodosiu T. , Chapman V. , Sottile V.
Published: June 2022

The increasing prevalence of joint disease, and in particular osteoarthritis (OA), calls for novel treatment strategies to prevent disease progression in addition to existing approaches focusing mainly on the relief of pain symptoms. The inherent properties of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) make them an attractive candidate for novel tissue repair strategies, as these progenitors have the potential to differentiate into chondrocytes needed to replace degraded cartilage and can exert a modulating effect on the inflammatory environment of the diseased joint. However, the inflammatory environment of the joint may affect the ability of these cells to functionally integrate into the host tissue and exert beneficial effects, as hinted by a lack of success seen in clinical trials. Identification of factors and cell signalling pathways that influence MSC function is therefore critical for ensuring their success in the clinic, and here the effects of inflammatory mediators on bone marrow-derived MSCs were evaluated. Human MSCs were cultured in the presence of inflammatory mediators typically associated with OA pathology (IL-1β, IL-8, IL-10). While exposure to these factors did not produce marked effects on MSC proliferation, changes were observed when the mediators were added under differentiating conditions. Results collected over 21 days showed that exposure to IL-1β significantly affected the differentiation response of these cells exposed to chondrogenic and osteogenic conditions, with gene expression analysis indicating changes in MAPK, Wnt and TLR signalling pathways, alongside an increased expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and cartilage degrading enzymes. These results highlight the value of MSCs as a preclinical model to study OA and provide a basis to define the impact of factors driving OA pathology on the therapeutic potential of MSCs for novel OA treatments.
Modifying SnS2 With Carbon Quantum Dots to Improve Photocatalytic Performance for Cr(VI) Reduction
Authors: Li Weidong , Qiu Jianping , Jin Haihong , Wang Yuanyuan , Ma Dandan , Zhang Xinxiang , Yang Huayun , Wang Fangyuan
Published: June 2022

The photoreduction for hazardous Cr(VI) in industrial wastewater has been considered a “green” approach with low-cost and easy-to-go operation. SnS2 is a promising narrow bandgap photocatalyst, but its low charge carrier separation efficiency should be solved first. In this work, N-doped carbon quantum dots (CQDs) were prepared and loaded onto SnS2 nanoparticles via an in situ method. The resulting composite samples (NC@SnS2) were characterized, and their photocatalytic performance was discussed. SnS2 nanoparticles were obtained as hexagonal ones with a bandgap of 2.19 eV. The optimal doping level for NC@SnS2 was citric acid: urea:SnS2 = 1.2 mmol:1.8 mmol:3.0 mmol. It showed an average diameter of 40 nm and improved photocatalytic performance, compared to pure SnS2, following a pseudo-first-order reaction with a kinetic rate constant of 0.1144 min−1. Over 97% of Cr(VI) was photo-reduced after 30 min. It was confirmed that modification of SnS2 with CQDs can not only improve the light-harvesting ability but also stimulate the charge separation, which therefore can enhance the photoreactivity of SnS2 toward Cr(VI) reduction. The excellent stability of NC@SnS2 indicates that it is promising to be practically used in industrial wastewater purification.
The Punta de la Mona Rhodolith Bed: Shallow-Water Mediterranean Rhodoliths (Almuñecar, Granada, Southern Spain)
Authors: Del Río Jesús , Ramos Dino Angelo , Sánchez-Tocino Luis , Peñas Julio , Braga Juan Carlos
Published: June 2022

Shallow-water rhodolith beds are rare in the Mediterranean Sea and generally poorly known. The Punta de la Mona rhodolith bed extends for 16,000 square meters in shallow and oligotrophic waters at the southern coast of Spain, off Almuñecar in the Alborán Sea. We present a detailed analysis of the structure (rhodolith cover and density, rhodolith size and shape, sediment granulometry) and morphospecies composition of the bed along a depth gradient. A stratified sampling was carried out at six depths (9, 12, 15, 18, 21, and 24 m), estimating rhodolith cover and abundance; rhodoliths were collected from one 30 by 30 cm quadrat for each transect, resulting in 18 samples and a total of 656 rhodoliths. The collected rhodoliths were measured and the coralline algal components identified morphoanatomically through a stereomicroscope and SEM. Sediment on the seafloor mainly consisted of pebbles and cobbles; the highest rhodolith cover occurred between 15 and 18 m, and the lowest at the shallowest and deepest transects (9 and 24 m). Mean Rhodolith size was similar throughout the depth range (23–35 mm) with a slight increase at 24 m, although the largest rhodoliths occurred at 21 m. In monospecific rhodoliths, size depended more on the forming species than on depth. We found 25 non-geniculate coralline morphospecies, nearly all rhodolith-forming morphospecies reported in the Mediterranean Sea in recent accounts. The highest morphospecies richness (18–19) and proportional abundance were found at intermediate depths (15–18 m), where rhodolith cover is also highest. Lithophyllum incrustans and Lithophyllum dentatum dominated at shallow depths (9–12 m), whereas Lithothamnion valens was the dominant species at intermediate and greater depths. Overall, the latter species was the most common in the rhodolith bed. The shallow-water rhodolith bed in Punta de la Mona is probably the most diverse in the Mediterranean Sea. This highlights the importance of the conservation of this habitat and, in general, emphasizes the role of the Alborán Sea as a diversity center of coralline algae. The Punta de la Mona example contradicts the common assumption in the geological literature that rhodolith beds are indicative of oligophotic environments with high nutrients levels.
Chronology and Eruption Dynamics of the Historic∼1700 CE Eruption of Tseax Volcano, British Columbia, Canada
Authors: Le Moigne Yannick , Williams-Jones Glyn , Vigouroux Nathalie , Russell James K.
Published: June 2022

Despite having relatively short timespans of eruptions, monogenetic volcanoes can pose significant risks to the nearby population. Here, we describe the ∼1700 CE eruption of Tseax volcano, British Columbia, which killed up to 2,000 people of the Nisga’a First Nation and is ranked as Canada’s worst natural disaster. Within the Nisga’a culture, Adaawak stories preserve an observational account of the Tseax eruption. In this study, we establish the chronology of the eruption by integrating field observations and petrophysical data informed by Nisga’a oral and written histories. The Nisga’a stories corroborate the short duration and exceptional intensity of the eruption as recorded in the volcanic products. The eruption was divided in two main periods: 1) Period A and 2) Period B. 1) The eruption started in a typical Hawaiian style with low levels of lava fountaining that built up a spatter rampart. This pyroclastic edifice was breached by voluminous pāhoehoe lavas erupted at high discharge rates. We estimate that almost half of the emplaced lava volume (0.20 km3) was erupted in Period A and had a flux of 800–1,000 m3/s. The low viscosity lava reached the Nass Valley, 20 km downstream of the volcano, in “swift currents”, and engulfed the former Nisga’a villages in only 1–3 days, thus likely being responsible for the reported fatalities. The discharge rates progressively diminished to 10–200 m3/s until the end of this first eruptive period, which lasted a few weeks to a few hundred days. 2) The Period B eruption produced two ‘a‘ā lavas with discharge rates <50 m3/s. This period was also characterised by an explosive phase of eruption that built a 70 m high tephra cone overlapping with a spatter rampart; Period B lasted approximately 20 days. In total, the eruption produced 0.5 km3 of volcanic materials (mostly in the form of lava flows) on the order of weeks to a few months. The mountainous terrain significantly controlled the emplacement of lava flows that reached long distances in a short amount of time. Our work shows that, under certain conditions, eruptions of small-volume monogenetic volcanoes ca pose risks comparable to flank eruptions on long-lived shield volcanoes.