bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Gamma secretase inhibitors inhibit ovarian cancer development and enhance olaparib’s anti-ovarian cancer activity and its mechanism
Authors: Xiaoxiao Yao , Nan Zheng
Published: May 2020

Background

Ovarian cancer is the fifth leading cause of cancer-related deaths in women. Although cytoreductive surgery combined with chemotherapy and / or targeted therapy has achieved a certain effect, but advanced patients have limited clinical benefits and are prone to relapse. Among them, Notch / jagged1 and Wnt / β-catenin signal transduction plays an important role in the development of ovarian cancer and chemotherapy resistance, and it is very important to find new effective therapeutic drugs to inhibit tumor development and increase tumor chemotherapy sensitivity.

Methods

To establish ovarian cancer xenotransplantation model, to detect the effects of γ-secretase inhibitor, olaparib and combination drugs on the development of ovarian cancer, and to detect the proliferation and apoptosis of ovarian cancer cells with γ-secretase inhibitor, olaparib and combination drugs .After knocking down Jagged1 or β-catenin, the protein expression levels of related signaling pathways under different drug treatments were analyzed by immunoblotting, and related gene expression changes were analyzed.

Results

DAPT reduced β-catenin expression in a proteasome-synthetic pathway-dependent manner, thereby inhibiting the synthesis and transcription of Jagged1 protein, thereby inhibiting the expression of Notch signal transduction pathway-related proteins and gene transcription, inhibiting the activity of ovarian cancer cells and inducing cell apoptosis death, enhance the anti-ovarian cancer activity of olaparib.

Conclusion

DAPT inhibits cell proliferation, induces cell apoptosis, inhibits tumor development in vivo through β-catenin / Jagged1 inhibition, and exerts anti-ovarian cancer activity sensitizing effect of olaparib.
Isolation of and Characterization of Neutralizing Antibodies to Covid-19 from a Large Human Naïve scFv Phage Display Library
Authors: Yuan Andy Q. , Zhao Likun , Bai Lili , Meng Qingwu , Wen Zhenguo , Li Yanhu , Guo Daqing , Zhen Shanshan , Chen Xiaojun , Yang Ji , Xue Xiaoying
Published: May 2020

SARS-CoV-2 (Covid-19) has caused currently ongoing global plague and imposed great challenges to health managing systems all over the world, with millions of infections and hundreds of thousands of deaths. In addition to racing to develop vaccines, neutralizing antibodies (nAbs) to this virus have been extensively sought and are expected to provide another prevention and therapy tool against this frantic pandemic. To offer fast isolation and shortened early development, a large human naïve phage display antibody library, was built and used to screen specific nAbs to the receptor-binding domain, RBD, the key for Covid-19 virus entry through a human receptor, ACE2. The obtained RBD-specific antibodies were characterized by epitope mapping, FACS and neutralization assay. Some of the antibodies demonstrated spike-neutralizing property and ACE2-competitiveness. Our work proved that RBD-specific neutralizing binders from human naïve antibody phage display library are promising candidates to for further Covid-19 therapeutics development.
EHBP1 and EHD2 regulate Dll4 caveolin-mediated endocytosis during blood vessel development
Authors: Webb Amelia M , Francis Caitlin R , Webb Jayson M , Kincross Hayle , Lundy Keanna M , Judson Rachael , Westhoff Dawn , Meadows Stryder M , Kushner Erich J
Published: May 2020

Despite the absolute requirement of Delta/Notch signaling to activate lateral inhibition during early blood vessel development, many mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we identify EHD2 and EHBP1 as novel regulators of Notch activation in endothelial cells through controlling endocytosis of Delta-like ligand 4 (Dll4). Knockout of EHBP1 and EHD2 in zebrafish produced a significant increase in ectopic sprouts in zebrafish intersomitic vessels during development and a reduction in downstream Notch signaling.In vitro, EHBP1 and EHD2 localized to plasma membrane-bound Dll4 and actin independently of clathrin. Disruption of caveolin endocytosis resulted in EHBP1 and EHD2 failing to organize around Dll4 as well as loss of Dll4 internalization in endothelial cells. Overall, we demonstrate that EHBP1 and EHD2 regulate Dll4 endocytosis by anchoring caveolar endocytic pits to the actin cytoskeleton.
Spontaneous restoration of functional β-cell mass in obese SM/J mice
Authors: Miranda Mario A , Carson Caryn , St Pierre Celine L , Macias-Velasco Juan F , Hughes Jing W , Kunzmann Marcus , Schmidt Heather , Wayhart Jessica P , Lawson Heather A
Published: May 2020

Maintenance of functional β-cell mass is critical to preventing diabetes, but the physiological mechanisms that cause β-cell populations to thrive or fail in the context of obesity are unknown. High fat-fed SM/J mice spontaneously transition from hyperglycemic-obese to normoglycemic-obese with age, providing a unique opportunity to study β-cell adaptation. Here, we characterize insulin homeostasis, islet morphology, and β-cell function during SM/J’s diabetic remission. As they resolve hyperglycemia, obese SM/J mice dramatically increase circulating and pancreatic insulin levels while improving insulin sensitivity. Immunostaining of pancreatic sections reveals that obese SM/J mice selectively increase β-cell mass but not α-cell mass. Obese SM/J mice do not show elevated β-cell mitotic index, but rather elevated α-cell mitotic index. Functional assessment of isolated islets reveals that obese SM/J mice increase glucose stimulated insulin secretion, decrease basal insulin secretion, and increase islet insulin content. These results establish that β-cell mass expansion and improved β-cell function underlie the resolution of hyperglycemia, indicating that obese SM/J mice are a valuable tool for exploring how functional β-cell mass can be recovered in the context of obesity.
Neighbor QTL: an interval mapping method for quantitative trait loci underlying plant neighborhood effects
Authors: Sato Yasuhiro , Takeda Kazuya , Nagano Atsushi J.
Published: May 2020

Phenotypes of sessile organisms, such as plants, rely not only on their own genotype but also on the genotypes of neighboring individuals. Previously, we incorporated such neighbor effects into a single-marker regression using the Ising model of ferromagnetism. However, little is known about how to incorporate neighbor effects in quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping. In this study, we propose a new method for interval QTL mapping of neighbor effects, named “Neighbor QTL”. The algorithm of neighbor QTL involves the following: (i) obtaining conditional self-genotype probabilities with recombination fraction between flanking markers, (ii) calculating neighbor genotypic identity using the self-genotype probabilities, and (iii) estimating additive and dominance deviation for neighbor effects. Our simulation using F2 and backcross lines showed that the power to detect neighbor effects increased as the effective range became smaller. The neighbor QTL was applied to insect herbivory on Col × Kas recombinant inbred lines ofArabidopsis thaliana. Consistent with previous evidence, the pilot experiment detected a self QTL effect on the herbivory atGLABRA1locus. We also observed a weak QTL on chromosome 4 regarding neighbor effects on the herbivory. The neighbor QTL method is available as an R package (https://cran.r-project.org/package=rNeighborQTL), providing a novel tool to investigate neighbor effects in QTL studies.
Pulsed Third-Spin-Assisted Recoupling NMR for Obtaining Long-Range13C-13C and15N-13C Distance Restraints
Authors: Gelenter Martin D. , Dregni Aurelio J. , Hong Mei
Published: May 2020

We introduce a class of pulsed third-spin-assisted recoupling (P-TSAR) magic-angle-spinning (MAS) solid-state NMR techniques that achieve efficient polarization transfer over long distances to provide important restraints for structure determination. These experiments operate with the same principle as continuous-wave (CW) TSAR experiments, by utilizing second-order cross terms between strong1H-13C and1H-15N dipolar couplings to achieve13C-13C and13C-15N polarization transfer. However, in contrast to the CW-TSAR experiments, these pulsed P-TSAR experiments require much less radiofrequency (rf) energy and allow a much simpler routine for optimizing the rf field strength. We call the techniques PULSAR (PULSed proton Asissted Recoupling) for homonuclear spin pairs andPERSPIRATIONCP (Proton-Enhanced Rotor-echo Short Pulse IRradiATION Cross-Polarization) for heteronuclear spin pairs. We demonstrate these techniques on the model protein GB1, and found cross peaks for distances as long as 10 and 8 Å for13C-13C and15N-13C spin pairs, respectively. We also apply these methods to the amyloid fibrils formed by the peptide hormone glucagon, and show that long-range correlation peaks are readily observed to constrain intermolecular packing in this cross-β fibril. We provide an analytical model for the PULSAR andPERSPIRATIONCP experiments to explain the measured and simulated chemical shift dependence and pulse flip angle dependence of polarization transfer. These two techniques are useful for measuring long-range distance restraints to determine the three-dimensional structures of proteins and other biological macromolecules.
Genome-wide CRISPR-Cas9 screen reveals the importance of the heparan sulfate pathway and the conserved oligomeric golgi complex for synthetic dsRNA uptake and Sindbis virus infection
Authors: Petitjean Olivier , Girardi Erika , Ngondo Richard Patryk , Lupashin Vladimir , Pfeffer Sébastien
Published: May 2020

Double stranded RNA (dsRNA) is the hallmark of many viral infections. dsRNA is produced either by RNA viruses during replication or by DNA viruses upon convergent transcription. Synthetic dsRNA is also able to mimic viral-induced activation of innate immune response and cell death. In this study, we employed a genome-wide CRISPR-Cas9 loss of function screen based on cell survival in order to identify genes implicated in the host response to dsRNA. By challenging HCT116 human cells with either synthetic dsRNA or Sindbis virus (SINV), we identified the heparan sulfate (HS) pathway as a crucial factor for dsRNA entry and we validated SINV dependency on HS. Interestingly, we uncovered a novel role for COG4, a component of the Conserved Oligomeric Golgi (COG) complex, as a factor involved in cell survival to both dsRNA and SINV in human cells. We showed that COG4 knock-out led to a decrease of extracellular HS, specifically affected dsRNA transfection efficiency and reduced viral production, explaining the increased cell survival of these mutants.

Importance

When facing a viral infection, the organism has to put in place a number of defense mechanisms in order to clear the pathogen from the cell. At the early phase of this preparation for fighting against the invader, the innate immune response is triggered by the sensing of danger signals. Among those molecular cues, double-stranded (dsRNA) is a very potent inducer of different reactions at the cellular level that can ultimately lead to cell death. Using a genome-wide screening approach, we set to identify genes involved in dsRNA entry, sensing and apoptosis induction in human cells. This allowed us to determine that the heparan sulfate pathway and the Conserved Oligomeric Golgi complex are key determinants allowing entry of both dsRNA and viral nucleic acid leading to cell death.
The impact of formulation change and R&D cooperation types on the eWOM of extension products
Authors: Kim Nayeong , Hwang Jihee , Lee Dongmin , Jeong Jaeseok , Moon Junghoon
Published: May 2020

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effect of formulation categories (parent brand and extension product) and research and development (R&D) cooperation types on electronic word-of-mouth (eWOM) volume for extension products.

Design/methodology/approach

This study uses data from 109 extension products in the Korean dessert market whose formulations were changed between 1 February 2014 and 19 February 2019. The formulation categories and R&D cooperation types are transformed into dummy variables to conduct a linear regression.

Findings

The formulation categories and R&D cooperation types play key roles in proliferating eWOM for formulation change products. The most effective way to proliferate eWOM is through product extension by changing the formulation of ice cream, beverage and snack category products. Furthermore, vertical R&D cooperation positively affects the proliferation of products' eWOM.

Originality/value

These findings contribute to increasing the chance of successful food product development by providing information on the formulation changes that are effective at inducing consumers' interest.
The effect of organisational context on group work: evidence in the Rioja wine industry in Spain
Authors: Gil Alfonso J. , Lázaro Ruiz Vicente , Ruiz Vega Agustín V.
Published: May 2020

Purpose

This paper aims to focus on two basic dimensions of group work: cooperation and transfer of information. This paper has two objectives. The first objective is to analyse the effect of cooperation and transfer of information in group work according to employees’ perceptions of the Rioja wine industry. The second objective is to analyse the existence of significant differences in the perception of the basic dimensions of group work under different organisational contexts in the Rioja wine industry.

Design/methodology/approach

The participants in the study are 230 workers from the Rioja wine industry. The data is collected through a personal interview using a questionnaire. Hypotheses are tested by multiple regression analysis.

Findings

The results indicate firstly that cooperation and transfer of information is related to “group work” variable positively, and secondly, significant differences were found in each of the contexts analysed. Besides, it has been found that the variable “transfer of information” is more explanatory of group work differences in organisational contexts than the variable “cooperation”.

Originality/value

This study verified that there is no homogeneity in group work in the Rioja wine industry. This study contributes to the knowledge about a significant industry of the economy and culture of the Rioja region, and the wine sector in general.
Viability mechanisms in market systems: prerequisites for market shaping
Authors: Peters Linda D. , Nenonen Suvi , Polese Francesco , Frow Pennie , Payne Adrian
Published: May 2020

Purpose

This paper aims to develop a conceptual framework based on the identification and examination of the mechanisms (termed “viability mechanisms”) under which market-shaping activities yield the emergence of a viable market: one able to adapt to the changing environment over time while remaining stable enough for actors to benefit from it.

Design/methodology/approach

This paper uses extant literature to build a conceptual framework identifying viability mechanisms for market shaping and a case illustration examining how a viable market for Finnish timber high-rise buildings was created. The case exemplifies how the identified viability mechanisms are practically manifested through proactive market shaping.

Findings

The proposed conceptual framework incorporates four viability mechanisms identified in the extant literature: presence of dissipative structures, consonance among system elements, resonance among system elements and reinforcing and balancing feedback loops. It illustrates how these mechanisms are manifested in a contemporary case setting resulting in a viable market.

Practical implications

First, firms and other market-shaping organizations should look for, or themselves foster, viability mechanisms within their market-shaping strategies. Second, as failure rates in innovation are extremely high, managers should seek to identify or influence viability mechanisms to avoid premature commercialization of innovations.

Originality/value

This study identifies how these viability mechanisms permit markets to emerge and survive over time. Further, it illuminates the workings of the non-linear relationship between actor-level market-shaping actions and system-level market changes. As such, it provides a “missing link” to the scholarly and managerial discourse on market-shaping strategies. Unlike much extant market-shaping literature, this study draws substantively on the systems literature.
Worked hours, job satisfaction and self-perceived health
Authors: Bartoll Xavier , Ramos Raul
Published: May 2020

Purpose

This study aims to analyse the potential confounding and moderator role of job satisfaction on the effect of working hours on self-perceived health and to analyse the effect of transitions between working hours and job satisfaction.

Design/methodology/approach

Using longitudinal data for the Catalan economy in 2005–2009, first, it runs a linear probability random effects model, with self-perceived health as the dependent variable, on one-year lagged job satisfaction, working hours and its interaction. Second, it estimated an ordered logit model to test the effect of transitions to working hours and different levels of job satisfaction on self-perceived health.

Findings

Short working hours ≤ 20 h/w predict good self-perceived health for women. Long working hours 41–47 h/w predict poor self-perceived health among men and women but not for very long hours ≥ 48 h/w. Interaction effects between working 41–47 h/w and job satisfaction levels were found for men and women. Improvements in job satisfaction for health are reduced when working long hours. For employees, a decrease in job satisfaction may suggest a health risk except if hours also reduce.

Social implications

Workplace practices aimed at gaining flexibility in working hours may be offset, in terms of health outcomes, by lower job satisfaction. Flexible working hours from the employees' side should be favoured to face reductions in job satisfaction.

Originality/value

The novelty of this paper is that highlights differential effect of job satisfaction in the relation between working hours and health status.
When does emotional intelligence function better in enhancing expatriates' cross-cultural adjustment? A study of Japanese PCNs in Malaysia
Authors: Arokiasamy Jessica Marie , Kim Soyeon
Published: May 2020

Purpose

As globalization expands opportunities for foreign investments, the role of expatriates is becoming important for business success in host countries. Cross-cultural adjustment (CCA) of expatriates is considered significant in determining business success in host countries. This study investigated the issue among Japanese expatriates in Malaysia. The purposes of this study were to unravel the influence of emotional intelligence (EI) on CCA and clarify the facilitating role of cultural intelligence (CI) on the relationship between EI and CCA.

Design/methodology/approach

A survey was administered to 107 Japanese parent country nationals (PCNs) working at Japanese subsidiaries in Malaysia.

Findings

The findings show that EI positively influences the subdimensions of CCA, namely, CCA–general, CCA–social and CCA–work. A notable finding is that CI facilitates the positive effect of EI on CCA–social.

Research implications

The findings advance the existing studies on expatriate management by delving into the CCA issue with two culturally distinctive countries that have rarely been studied in this research domain, Japan and Malaysia. This study further contributes to prior studies by clarifying a boundary condition in which EI functions better in enhancing expatriates' CCA.

Practical implications

The findings provide Japanese multinational corporations (MNCs) valuable directions and strategic ideas in the realm of expatriate management. Such insights can contribute to business success in host countries.

Originality/value

Diverting from the conventional West–East approach in expatriate management studies, this study took an East–East orientation and explored the relationships among EI, CI and CCA. By proving that CI stimulates the positive effect of EI on CCA, this study underlines the significantly interactive effects of two distinctive individual capabilities on enhancing expatriates' CCA. It further highlights that CI should take on importance in attempts to understand CCA, even in seemingly culturally similar East–East nations.
Integrated ambulatory care in the New Zealand health system: a scoping review
Authors: Gurung Gagan , Atmore Carol , Gauld Robin , Stokes Tim
Published: May 2020

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to identify and describe the international and New Zealand (NZ) evidence for models of integrated ambulatory care and describe key implementation issues and lessons learnt.

Design/methodology/approach

A scoping review was conducted for published and grey literature on integrated care. Publications from 2000 to February 2019 that described integrated ambulatory care were included.

Findings

A total of 34 articles were included. Internationally and in NZ, the most common models of integrated care found were: transfer, relocation and joint working. The international literature showed that transferring care from hospitals to community and other integrated models of care between the primary–specialist interface increased access and convenience for patients. However, there was insufficient evidence of clinical and economic outcomes. Very few NZ-based studies reported on effectiveness of models of care. Key implementation issues were: no viable and sustainable funding, lack of infrastructure, lack of confidence, trust and communication between providers, increased workload and time and knowledge and skills gap to perform new roles. The NZ literature highlighted the need for an appropriate location for services, committed leadership, development of a governance group representing different provider groups, strong communication mechanisms, new workforce skills and overall change management.

Originality/value

The review provides an overview of key components of integrated care models in ambulatory settings and identifies some common elements across the models of care. The findings can inform the design and implementation of integrated ambulatory care in health systems.
Crossover effects of Leader’s resilience: a multilevel mediation approach
Authors: Fan Wei , Luo Yang , Cai Yacen , Meng Hui
Published: May 2020

Purpose

This research tested the crossover effects of a leader’s resilience on followers’ outcomes via followers’ resilience.

Design/methodology/approach

Survey data from 87 leaders with 309 followers, collected in two waves in China, were used to test the multilevel mediation hypotheses.

Findings

The results indicated that (1) resilience could transfer from the leader to followers, and (2) leader’s resilience could further contribute to alleviating followers’ job burnout, and prompt citizenship behaviors by enhancing followers’ resilience.

Originality/value

This study adopted a top-down perspective to test the crossover effects of resilience, thus expanding the resilience literature illustrating its distinct influential mechanism through a vertically interpersonal perspective.
Obligations and feeling envied: a study of workplace status and knowledge hiding
Authors: Liu Yan , Zhu Julie N.Y. , Lam Long W.
Published: May 2020

Purpose

Status is a key in the workplace. Although status is desirable when it has positive outcomes, little is known about its negative consequences. This study investigates both the bright and dark sides of workplace status in terms of employees' feelings and behaviors.

Design/methodology/approach

Data were collected from 227 employees in various industries at two time points.

Findings

Workplace status is associated with knowledge hiding through two opposing mechanisms: felt obligation to share knowledge and feeling envied.

Practical implications

Managers may need to direct high-status employees' attention to felt obligation to share knowledge and shift their attention away from feeling envied.

Originality/value

Our study enriches the understanding of workplace status by theoretically proposing and empirically testing a comprehensive framework that simultaneously considers its positive and negative impacts.
How control and commitment HR practices influence employee job crafting
Authors: Hu Bin , McCune Stein Aaron , Mao Yanhua
Published: May 2020

Purpose

Based on the socioemotional selectivity theory, this study aims to explore the differential influences of control and commitment human resource (HR) practices on employee job crafting as well as the mediating role of occupational future time perspective (OFTP).

Design/methodology/approach

This study used a two-wave design to survey 53 HR managers and 339 employees of 53 Chinese firms. The hypotheses were tested by conducting multilevel structural equation modeling in Mplus 7.4.

Findings

The results show that control HR practices are negatively related to job crafting, while commitment HR practices are positively related to job crafting. Further, control HR practices are negatively associated with the remaining opportunities dimension of OFTP, whereas commitment HR practices are positively associated with remaining opportunities. However, both types of HR practices have no significant relationship with the remaining time dimension of OFTP. Finally, remaining opportunities mediate the relationships between both types of HR practices and job crafting.

Practical implications

Managers should be aware of how to promote or inhibit employee job crafting by implementing different HR practices.

Originality/value

This study contributes to the job crafting research by demonstrating that the relationship between HR practices and job crafting depends on the type of HR practices in use, as well as contributing to OFTP research by showing that different types of HR practices have differential relationships with the remaining opportunities dimension of OFTP.
Entrepreneurial passion, orientation and behavior: the moderating role of linear and nonlinear thinking styles
Authors: Zollo Lamberto , Rialti Riccardo , Tron Alberto , Ciappei Cristiano
Published: May 2020

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to unpack the underlying mechanisms of entrepreneurs' passion, orientation and behavior by investigating the role of rational and nonrational cognitive elements. Building on dual process theory and sociointuitionism, a conceptual model is proposed in order to explore the relationship between entrepreneurial passion, entrepreneurial orientation (EO) and strategic entrepreneurship behavior (SEB). Specifically, entrepreneurs' linear thinking styles (System 2) and nonlinear thinking styles (System 1) are hypothesized as being significant moderators of such a relationship.

Design/methodology/approach

Covariance-based structural equation modeling (CB-SEM) is used to empirically validate the proposed conceptual model and test the moderating hypotheses on a sample of 300 entrepreneurs actively involved in European small and medium enterprises (SMEs).

Findings

Entrepreneurial passion is shown to be a significant antecedent of EO, which, in turn, strongly influences SEB. Moreover, entrepreneurs' linear thinking style positively moderates the EO-SEB relationship, but not the link between passion and EO. Instead, a nonlinear thinking style positively moderates the relationship between passion and EO, but not the links between EO and SEB.

Practical implications

Entrepreneurs should trust their nonlinear thinking style – related to affective/emotive and intuitive information processing systems – to foster the effect of their entrepreneurial passion on EO. Furthermore, entrepreneurs should rely on a linear thinking style, namely the rational and deliberative cognitive processes, to enhance the impact of their EO on SEB.

Originality/value

Dual process theory and sociointuitionism are integrated to simultaneously investigate the effect of nonrational and rational cognitive mechanisms on entrepreneurs' orientation and behavior. Moreover, the proposed model is empirically tested on a sample of entrepreneurs working in SMEs located in Europe, which have received little attention from entrepreneurship scholars in comparison to their US counterparts. The authors’ findings suggest important implications for entrepreneurs, policymakers and entrepreneurial universities educators.
Eco-efficient sustainable service supply chain management hierarchical model based on qualitative information and quantitative data
Authors: Tseng Ming-Lang , Chen Chih-Cheng , Wu Kuo-Jui , Tan Raymond
Published: May 2020

Purpose

This study integrates economic/ecology (eco)-attributes and performance to build a sustainable service supply chain management (SSCM) model.

Design/methodology/approach

This study proposes the use of the fuzzy Delphi method to screen for the less important attributes and applies a network data envelopment analysis to explore the hierarchical and eco-efficient network interrelationships. The causality and hierarchal eco-efficient model is acquired using a fuzzy decision-making trial and evaluation laboratory analysis

Findings

The findings are as follows: (1) the information and technology management process is derived by enhancing sustainable customer and supplier relationship management, and (2) the eco-efficient model is improved based on long-term relationships with suppliers – that is, synergistic suppliers improve the service chain quality and provide services in an appropriate and timely manner – and research and development coordination. The theoretical and managerial implications are discussed.

Research limitations/implications

The eco-efficient model reveals that the sustainable customer relationship management process, sustainable supplier relationship management process and information and technology management process are the major causal attributes in the model.

Practical implications

The eco-efficient model must be based on (1) long-term relationships with suppliers, (2) synergistic suppliers to improve service chain quality, (3) the provision of services in a timely manner and (4) research and development coordination.

Originality/value

Prior studies neglect to build an ecological economy model using the efficiency causality model of hierarchical interrelationships. Traditional SSCM fails to involve the triple bottom line performance toward sustainability.
Investigation of the potential relationship between depression, diabetes knowledge and self-care management with the quality of life in diabetic patients – an analytical study
Authors: Khajebishak Yaser , Faghfouri Amir Hossein , Molaei Ali , Rahmani Vahid , Amiri Samira , Asghari Jafarabadi Mohammad , Payahoo Laleh
Published: May 2020

Purpose

This paper aims to investigate the potential relationship between depression, diabetes knowledge and self-care management with quality of life in diabetic patients.

Design/methodology/approach

This analytical cross-sectional study was conducted on 309 diabetic patients in Tabriz, Iran in 2015-2017. Quality of life was assessed by a validated questionnaire. The Persian version of the Beck Aeron questionnaire was used to assess the depression status. Knowledge and self-care management was evaluated by the health belief model questionnaire. Simple and multiple regression models were used to determine the relationship between the mentioned factors and the quality of life in diabetic patients.

Findings

Thirty-six per cent of the patients suffered from depression. The mean score of the total quality of life was 33.75 ± 8.72. The scores of the three domains of the quality of life were less than the normal range (“complication of diabetes” domain: 9.93 ± 3.16, “diagnosis, therapy and follow-up” domain: 10.91 ± 3.31, “psycho-social effect of diabetes” domain: 12.93 ± 4.41). The score of “complication of diabetes” score in males was significantly higher than females (p= 0.001). There was a significant relationship between depression (p< 0.001), self-care management (p= 0.019) and two parameters of knowledge (diet:p= 0.006 and diabetes:p= 0.004) with quality of life of diabetic patients.

Originality/value

The obtained results presented an unfavorable status of knowledge, physical and mental health in diabetic patients and a strong relationship between health-related factors with quality of life. Therefore, it is suggested to hold community-based health-promoting programs to enhance the overall life satisfaction in people with diabetes.
Making a higher education institution choice: differences in the susceptibility to online information on students’ advice-seeking behavior
Authors: Ng Peggy , Lee Daisy , Wong Phoebe , Lam Regan
Published: May 2020

Purpose

Little research has been done on how university information sources influence advice-seeking attitude, intention, and behavior between students with high and low susceptibility to online information. Our study addressed this gap by empirically demonstrating the role that students’ susceptibility to online information plays in terms of the effect of attitude, social norm and perceived behavioral control on their advice-seeking intention and behavior using the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB). The purpose of this study is to examine differences in the susceptibility to online sources on students’ advice-seeking behavior when making an institution choice.

Design/methodology/approach

A cross-sectional survey was involved, and this empirical study was performed on the basis of a sample of 621 students from publicly-funded high schools in Hong Kong. Multigroup analysis (MGA) was conducted to (i.e. students with high susceptibility to online sources/ students with low susceptibility to online sources) to examine students’ behavioral intention regarding advice seeking about institution choice. 10;

Findings

The results of the study revealed that students with high susceptibility to online information were likely to be influenced by the social norm in applying the TPB model. Conversely, students with low susceptibility to online information had low intention to seek advice from others as they are independent and noninformation seekers. Implications for higher education institutions are discussed.

Originality/value

This study provides a modified version of the TPB model while also demonstrating how students with high/low susceptibility to online sources affect their behavioral intention to seek advice from others about making a university choice. Also, this study provides insights into institutions regarding the promotion of marketing information via online and offline sources.
Exercise and dementia: what should we be recommending?
Authors: Lewis Kiara , Livsey Leanne , Naughton Robert J. , Burton Kim
Published: May 2020

Purpose

Exercise has the potential to provide benefits for people living with dementia, yet the balance of evidence is uncertain. This paper aims to provide an evidence synthesis to determine whether exercise improves their health and well-being and what exercise should be recommended.

Design/methodology/approach

Structured search for existing literature reviews on exercise for dementia. Relevant articles were selected and critically appraised against systematic criteria. The findings from 15 high quality reviews were collated by using a best evidence synthesis approach.

Findings

The evidence is convincing for improving physical health, promising for cognitive benefits, mixed for psychological benefits and limited for behavioural outcomes. No evidence of harm was found. Overall, exercise can improve physical and mental health for people living with dementia: there is sufficient evidence to recommend multimodal exercise.

Social implications

The potential beneficial outcomes are of significant importance both for people with dementia and their caregivers. In the absence of more specific findings, the current recommendation for older adults in general is pragmatically justified – some activity is better than none, more activity provides greater benefits. Adding social interaction may be important for psychological and behavioural outcomes.

Originality/value

To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this paper is the first to encapsulate the literature to date on exercise for dementia. Combining the findings from previous reviews enabled a novel synthesis across the range of relevant interventions and outcomes.
University business incubators as a tool for accelerating entrepreneurship: theoretical perspective
Authors: Hassan Noha Ahmed
Published: May 2020

Purpose

This paper aims to analyze the link between universities and business incubators (BIs) and to determine how students, scientific researchers and entrepreneurs can benefit from this linkage. It creates an environment in which everyone can help the other to put their new ideas, special skills and abilities into new businesses. In other words, the traditional universities’ role has changed and entrepreneurial universities are now needed to redirect new knowledge for economic development through BIs.

Design/methodology/approach

This paper adopts an analytical descriptive methodology approach to describe the basic features of the data by using the descriptive research design. This research is based on examining a model provided by the author concerning boosting the entrepreneurial aspects and outcomes through university business incubators (UBIs) based on wide theoretical and empirical case studies. Also, the functional structural approach is used to investigate the relationship between two variables as UBIs are considered a new unit that has functions and structures to create an added value to universities and the society as a whole.

Findings

The educational system should create a favorable environment that enables young people to develop their mindset from employees to employers, and to prepare them to improve skills and knowledge to create jobs. UBI is the recent aspect of the BI evolution where the research outcomes are linked with the industry and development. This relationship between these entities will provide success to its stakeholders.

Social implications

Many incubators around the world are supported by universities. Others are making initiatives to link up with universities and higher education institutions to get the revenues and returns from its academic nature. Lately, university incubators became a type of incubator evolution and more supportive for entrepreneurs than other types of incubators.

Originality/value

The contribution of this study is to explain how UBIs succeeded to tie the results of scientific research with economy and development through entrepreneurial activities to accelerate and realize entrepreneurship strategies.
Digital transformation, development and productivity in developing countries: is artificial intelligence a curse or a blessing?
Authors: Aly Heidi
Published: May 2020

Purpose

The entire world is now witnessing the Fourth Industrial Revolution and Artificial Intelligence (AI) is indeed altering the lives of the many in both developing and developed countries. Massive digital transformations are affecting the economies of those countries and are bringing with them many promised merits, as well as many challenges to face. This paper aims to examine the relationship between digital transformation (as a one facet of the fourth revolution and AI trends) on one side, and economic development, labor productivity and employment on the other side.

Design/methodology/approach

The paper analyzes different indices of digital transformation, and then uses the Digital Evolution Index (DEI) to study those relationships in a group of developing countries using feasible generalized least squares method (FGLS).

Findings

The results show a positive relationship between the digital transformation index and economic development, labor productivity and job employment. Females seem to gain more from digital transformation compared to males, as suggested by the positive relation with the first and the insignificant relation with the latter. The relationship with vulnerable employment is not significant; more evidence is still needed to judge whether digital transformation will have an impact upon the vulnerable employees in the economy.

Research limitations/implications

The paper focused on the impact of digital transformation upon total aggregate employment. Future research is still needed to examine the impact upon the structure of the labor market and the shift of occupations.

Originality/value

The paper aims to add to in the literature regarding the relationship between digital transformation, economic development, employment and productivity in the developing world. The implications of those relationships are of significant importance to policymakers regarding how much support should be given to encourage the digital transformation. At the same time, it shall also indicate how much social support policies are required – if any – to lessen the negative impact of digital transformation on the vulnerable groups inside the country. Another contribution is using a single composite index for digital transformation that is comparable across the chosen set of developing countries, instead of using single indices each capturing a different dimension of digital transformation.
Natural language processing and machine learning as practical toolsets for archival processing
Authors: Hutchinson Tim
Published: May 2020

Purpose

This study aims to provide an overview of recent efforts relating to natural language processing (NLP) and machine learning applied to archival processing, particularly appraisal and sensitivity reviews, and propose functional requirements and workflow considerations for transitioning from experimental to operational use of these tools.

Design/methodology/approach

The paper has four main sections. 1) A short overview of the NLP and machine learning concepts referenced in the paper. 2) A review of the literature reporting on NLP and machine learning applied to archival processes. 3) An overview and commentary on key existing and developing tools that use NLP or machine learning techniques for archives. 4) This review and analysis will inform a discussion of functional requirements and workflow considerations for NLP and machine learning tools for archival processing.

Findings

Applications for processing e-mail have received the most attention so far, although most initiatives have been experimental or project based. It now seems feasible to branch out to develop more generalized tools for born-digital, unstructured records. Effective NLP and machine learning tools for archival processing should be usable, interoperable, flexible, iterative and configurable.

Originality/value

Most implementations of NLP for archives have been experimental or project based. The main exception that has moved into production is ePADD, which includes robust NLP features through its named entity recognition module. This paper takes a broader view, assessing the prospects and possible directions for integrating NLP tools and techniques into archival workflows.
Ecosystems boost revenues from innovation initiatives
Authors: Marshall Anthony , Lipp Anthony , Ikeda Kazuaki , Singh Raj Rohit
Published: May 2020

Purpose

Ecosystem partnerships are driving a dramatic change in the nature of business as industries as diverse as banking, automotive and retail are converging in unprecedented ways–and at an unprecedented rate. To learn how leading companies are embracing innovation in ecosystems to drive both value creation and competitiveness, the IBM Institute for Business Value in collaboration with Oxford Economics surveyed 1000 top executives in 19 industries and 29 countries between August and January 2019.

Design/methodology/approach

The survey cohort included 250 Chief Executive Officers, 150 Chief Financial Officers, 150 Chief Innovation Officers, 150 Chief Marketing Officers, 150 Chief Operations Officer and 150 Chief Alliance/Partnership Officers.

Findings

Analysis revealed that organizations with high engagement in ecosystems generate greater revenues from innovation initiatives. Specifically, revenues tied to innovation were more than 14 percent higher for ecosystem-engaged businesses than their less ecosystem-oriented peers.

Practical implications

The analysis showed that organizations differentiated on four innovation-enabling dimensions are more successful than others in ecosystem innovation. Their winning practices: 10;9;They lead with platforms for innovating in ecosystems. 10;9;They create the structures that enable the transformation of ideas into desired customer experiences in ecosystems 10;9;They establish effective, meaningful measurements for successful innovation in ecosystems. 10;9;They approach innovation with a collaborative mindset and create an environment of openness that shapes innovative behavior. 10;

Originality/value

The study identified the best practices of the most successful companies, ecosystem innovators. They excel across four innovation dimensions. They build platforms and employ ecosystems to better orchestrate customer experiences. They establish processes to effectively measure innovation within ecosystems in which they operate. They form organizational structures that institutionalize innovation. And they create and promote environments of openness and collaboration
Biochemical recognition in seeds: Germination ofRumex obtusifoliusis promoted by leaves of facilitative adult conspecifics
Authors: Ohsaki Haruna , Mukai Hiromi , Yamowo Akira
Published: May 2020

Seeds express various germination behaviors in response to competitor plants. However, germination behaviors in response to facilitator plants are not yet well understood.Rumex obtusifoliusseedlings usually appear on the ground near adult conspecific plants, and their survival rate under the canopy of adult conspecifics is higher than that outside the canopy, indicating that adultR. obtusifoliusplants facilitate their seedling establishments. We hypothesized that emergence ofR. obtusifoliusseedlings is promoted by cues from adult conspecifics, but emergence of heterospecific seedlings is not. To test this, we investigated emergence responses of seedlings ofR. obtusifoliusand three other species that grow withR. obtusifoliusin the presence ofR. obtusifoliusleaf phytochemicals. Emergence ofR. obtusifoliusseedlings was promoted by the presence ofR. obtusifoliusleaves. In contrast, emergence of other species seedlings was not promoted byR. obtusifoliusleaves. We conclude that germination ofR. obtusifoliusseeds is facilitated in the presence of conspecifics, via water‐soluble chemical exposure, and that recognizing these chemicals has adaptive value.