bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Bilateral meibomian gland morphological alterations in unilateral herpes simplex keratitis based on artificial intelligence analysis
Authors:   National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, Zhejiang Province, China, Yu Xin-Xin , Dai Qi ,   National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, Zhejiang Province, China, Wu Shuang-Qing ,   National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, Zhejiang Province, China
Published: November 2024

AIM: To explore whether unilateral herpes simplex keratitis (HSK) can cause morphological changes of bilateral meibomian glands (MGs) based on artificial intelligence (AI) analytical system.
METHODS: In the retrospective study, 29 patients with unilateral HSK and 29 participants matched in terms of age and sex were included as control group. Meibographic images of the upper eyelid using Keratograph 5M and assessed ocular surface parameters including tear meniscus height and tear break-up time. MG density and vagueness values were automatically analyzed and calculated using an AI analytical system. We compared the differences between the affected and the contralateral unaffected eyes in HSK patients, and the normal control eyes. We employed either the paired t-test or the Wilcoxon signed-rank test to compare significant difference between the affected and unaffected eyes in HSK patients or between the HSK group and control group.
RESULTS: The MG density was 0.19±0.09 in the HSK-affected eye and 0.18±0.07 in contralateral unaffected eye, which had no significant difference (P=0.616). The MG density between the affected eye with HSK and the normal control group was statistically significant (P=0.028). There was a significant difference in MG density between the contralateral unaffected eye and the normal control group (P=0.012). However, no significant difference in vagueness value was observed between the eye with HSK and the control group or between HSK eye and contralateral eye.
CONCLUSION: The MG density between the HSK-affected eye and the contralateral unaffected eye don't significantly differ, whereas there is a significant decrease in the HSK group compared to that of the normal participants. Unilateral HSV keratitis may suffer from bilateral changes of MG morphology indicating bilateral dry eye. Therefore, the fellow eye of patients with unilateral HSK should be considered a potential case of MG dysfunction, necessitating early treatment for bilateral dry eye in the clinic.
Morphological and functional observations of a novel model of retinal ischemia injury induced by bilateral carotid artery stenosis in mice
Authors:   Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Science, Eye & ENT Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China, Shu Lian , Chen Xiao-Xiao ,   Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Science, Eye & ENT Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China, Sun Xing-Huai ,   Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Science, Eye & ENT Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China; State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration (Fudan University), Shanghai 200031, China
Published: November 2024

AIM: To investigate the features of retinal ischemic injuries in a novel mouse model with bilateral carotid artery stenosis (BCAS).
METHODS: BCAS was induced with microcoil implantation in 6-8-week-old C57BL6 mice. Cerebral blood flow was monitored at 2, 7, and 28d postoperatively. Retinal morphological changes were evaluated by fundus photography and hematoxylin-eosin staining. Fluorescein fundus angiography (FFA) was performed to detect retinal vascular changes and circulation. The levels of apoptosis, activation of neurogliosis, and expression of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α in the retina were assessed by Western blotting and immunofluorescence staining, followed by retinal ganglion cell (RGC) density detection. Additionally, electrophysiological examinations including photopic negative response (PhNR) was also performed.
RESULTS: The mice demonstrated an initial rapid decrease in cerebral blood flow, followed by a 4-week recovery period after BCAS. The ratio of retinal artery and vein was decreased under fundus photography and FFA. Compared with the sham mice, BCAS mice showed thinner retinal thickness on day 28. Additionally, apoptosis was increased and RGC density was decreased mainly in peripheral retinal region. Neurogliosis was mainly located in the inner retinal layers, with a stable increase in HIF-1α expression. The dark-adapted electroretinogram showed a notable reduction in the a-, b-, and oscillatory potential (OP) wave amplitudes between days 2 and 7; this gradually recovered over the following 4wk. However, the b- and OP-wave amplitudes were still significantly decreased on PhNR examination on day 28.
CONCLUSION: BCAS can result in relatively mild retinal ischemia injuries in mice, mainly in the inner layer and peripheral region. Our study provides a novel animal model for investigating retinal ischemic diseases.
Effect of astigmatism and spherical equivalent correction on contrast sensitivity
Authors:   Department of Optometry, School of Rehabilitation, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1616913111, Iran, Saffarizadeh Maryam , Baghban Alireza Akbarzadeh ,   Proteomics Research Center, Department of Biostatistics, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1971653313, Iran, Ghassemi-Broumand Mohammad ,   Department of Optometry, School of Rehabilitation, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1616913111, Iran
Published: November 2024

AIM: To investigate the effect of astigmatism and spherical equivalent (SE) correction on contrast sensitivity (CS).
METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, 103 visually normal subjects aged 18 to 36y with bilateral regular astigmatism in range of 1.00 diopter cylinder (DC) to 4.00 DC and normal best-corrected visual acuity (20/20) were recruited. Binocular CS was assessed by linear sine-wave gratings at 1.5, 3, 6, 12, and 18 cycles per degree (cpd), before correction of astigmatism, after full correction of astigmatism by cylindrical spectacle lenses, and after SE of refractive error. The repeated measures ANOVA and Bonferroni test were used to compare the effects of astigmatism correction on logCS.
RESULTS: Totally 39 patients were male and 64 patients were female with the mean age of 28.25±5.38y. The average degree of astigmatism in right and left eye was 2.03±0.83 and 2.10±0.78, respectively. Increases in uncorrected astigmatic power correlated with decreases in the logCS, especially at high spatial frequencies. A statistically significant difference in logCS was found between these three cases: before correction of astigmatism, after SE of refractive error, and after full correction of astigmatism by cylindrical spectacle lenses at all frequencies (P<0.001), except at 18 cpd. At 18 cpd, there was no statistically significant difference between logCS before and after SE of refractive error (P=1.0). Also, there was no statistically significant difference in mean CS between with-the-rule (WTR) and against-the-rule (ATR) astigmatism, before correction of astigmatism, after correction of astigmatism with cylindrical lenses, and after SE of refractive error.
CONCLUSION: Binocular astigmatism defocus decreases CS depending on the degree of astigmatism power; correction of this will improve patent's quality of vision. Although high astigmatism refractive error (more than 2.00 DC) that is fully corrected by cylindrical spectacle lenses doesn't increase the CS to the maximum value, especially at higher spatial frequencies (12 and 18). Also SE refractive error effects on improving CS in low astigmatism power (less than 2.00 DC), especially at lower spatial frequencies.
Endoscopy-assisted vitrectomy for severe ocular penetrating trauma with corneal opacity
Authors:   Department of Ophthalmology, General Hospital of Southern Theatre Command, Guangzhou 510010, Guangdong Province, China; University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, Guangdong Province, China, Yu Yong-Zhen , Chen Wen-Xiao ,   Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China, Peng Liang-Hong ,   Department of Ophthalmology, General Hospital of Southern Theatre Command, Guangzhou 510010, Guangdong Province, China, Zou Yu-Ping ,   Department of Ophthalmology, General Hospital of Southern Theatre Command, Guangzhou 510010, Guangdong Province, China; University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, Guangdong Province, China, Pang Long ,   University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, Guangdong Province, China; Department of Ophthalmology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510120, Guangdong Province, China, Zou Xiu-Lan ,   Department of Ophthalmology, General Hospital of Southern Theatre Command, Guangzhou 510010, Guangdong Province, China; University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, Guangdong Province, China
Published: November 2024

AIM: To assess the utility and efficiency of endoscopy-assisted vitrectomy (EAV) for the treatment of corneal opacity in severe ocular trauma.
METHODS: Patients who underwent fundus examination using a preoperative slit lamp and intraoperative endoscopy, followed by EAV and additional surgery were retrospectively recruited. Silicone oil removal and penetrating keratoplasty were used in selected eyes at postoperative follow-ups. Outcome measurements included the best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), intraocular pressure (IOP), findings of endoscopic fundus examination, and postoperative complications.
RESULTS: Twenty-one eyes with severe ocular trauma and corneal opacity were followed up for 24–36mo. Retinal detachment (RD) and vitreous haemorrhage (VH) were identified in 16 eyes (76.2%), RD only in four eyes (19.0%), and VH combined with intraocular foreign body in one eye (4.8%). All eyes underwent at least three surgeries. Stage-I surgeries involved wound closure (100%), lens extraction (76.2%), and anterior vitrectomy (14.3%). Stage-II surgeries involved scleral buckling (28.6%), membrane peeling (47.6%), retinal laser photocoagulation (100%) and silicone oil tamponade (100%) using EAV. Stage-III surgeries were conducted using endoscopy including silicone oil removal (52.4%), retinal laser photocoagulation (52.4%) and penetrating keratoplasty (28.6%). Nearly all eyes showed improvements in BCVA and IOP. Although there were no severe complications, glaucoma was noted in one eye, chronic hypotony in another eye, and band keratopathy in three eyes.
CONCLUSION: EAV is an effective adjunct for restoring ocular anatomical structures and visual function in the case of corneal opacity after severe ocular trauma.
From Challenge-Based Learning to Relational Coordination: An Interdisciplinary Educational-Research Collaboration in Medical Journalism Education
Authors: Sayfouri Nasrin , Shokri Ehsan , Asadzandi Shadi
Published: November 2024

Interdisciplinary collaboration (IDC) faces several long-standing challenges including poor teamwork, resistance to socialization, inadequate attention given to learners' abilities, incomplete reporting, lack of quality methodology, and vague understanding of reflexivity. In an attempt to tackle these challenges, the purpose of this case study was to report an interdisciplinary educational-research collaboration (IDERC) involving two faculty members (NS and SA) from different departments who were simultaneously instructing a master’s student (St) in two separate courses. The methodology involved addressed the learning needs of St in two concurrent courses as well as fulfilling particular research activities. A few different reflection-gathering tools were adopted to elicit the two participants’ (SA and St) views on the impacts of the IDERC. Thematic analysis of SA’s interview concerning her experiences with the IDERC indicated that she was motivated by a range of personal, educational, and research factors. It also showed her positive outlook on how a similar IDERC could benefit faculty members and students as well as knowledge development. SA also went through the reasons why educators may be hesitant or resistant to deal with IDC. When probing St’s experiences with the IDERC incorporated inside his class tasks and an open-ended questionnaire, he not only highlighted the educational and research outcomes he gained, but also mentioned how he was influenced by the instructors' socialization behavior. Regarding the requirements of an IDC, St's main focus was on successful implementation and prioritizing efficiency. Suggestions are provided as to how this collaboration can be extended to larger contexts.
RGU-Net: Computationally Efficient U-Net for Automated Brain Extraction of mpMRI with Presence of Glioblastoma
Authors: Kim K W , Duman A , Spezi E
Published: November 2024

Brain extraction refers to the process of removing non-brain tissues in brain scans and is one of the initial pre-processing procedures in neuroimage analysis. Since errors produced during this process can be challenging to amend in subsequent analyses, accurate brain extraction is crucial. Most deep learning-based brain extraction models are optimised on performance,leading to computationally expensive models. Such models may be ideal for research; however, they are not ideal in a clinical setting. In this work, we propose a new computationally efficient 2D brain extraction model, named RGU-Net. RGU-Net incorporates Ghost modules and residual paths to accurately extract features and reduce computational cost. Our results show that RGU-Net has 98.26% fewer parameters compared to the original U-Net model, whilst yielding state-of-the-art performance of 97.97 ± 0.84% Dice similarity coefficient. Faster run time was also observed in CPUs which illustrates the model’s practicality in real-world applications.
Description of a clinical case of stomach adenocarcinoma during pregnancy
Authors: Zorina E. Y. , Petoyan A. A. , Konova A. M. , Danilov I. N. , Li O. A. , Ulrikh E. А. , Dikareva E. L. , Yakubov A. V. , Kachanova O. S. , Samochernykh K. A.
Published: November 2024

The frequency of malignant neoplasms during pregnancy has recently become a usually problem in modern medical practice. On average, 1 in 1,000 women will experience cancer during pregnancy. The most common pregnancy-related cancers include cervical, breast, ovarian, malignant melanoma, malignant lymphomas and leukemia, as well as colon and thyroid cancers. The main factor of late diagnosis and poor treatment results is the non-specificity of the symptoms of the disease in the early stages. The occurrence of difficulty at the diagnostic stage is an underestimation of the indications for conducting a diagnostic search. Signet ring cell carcinoma of the stomach is characterized by an aggressive course, rapid metastasis, and therefore is more often diagnosed in late stages and is a prognostically negative histological variant of stomach cancer. Stomach cancer during pregnancy is estimated to complicate 0.026–0.1 % of all pregnancies In this clinical case, an example of the course of signet ring cell carcinoma of the stomach against the background of pregnancy with dichoric diamniotic twins with increasing protein-energy deficiency is given.
A docência na era da reprodutividade técnica: regressão do pensamento, barbárie e as possibilidades da experiência na formação humana
Authors: Lourenço Arlindo da Silva , Zanetti Fernando Luiz
Published: November 2024

Este texto trata da relação entre a docência e as dificuldades cada vez mais acentuadas de conceituação do que seja a formação humana. Em um mundo marcado pelo amplo e globalizante desenvolvimento da economia, da técnica e das tecnologias que, longe de proporcionarem na mesma escala, desenvolvimento social, aprofundam as distâncias entre possuidores e despossuídos. Além disso, indicam uma ruptura que vem sendo sentida por teóricos críticos da sociedade de diferentes matrizes epistemológicas desde os anos de 1950, entre uma cultura humanística e calcada no bem comum e outra, mais instrumental e de massas, orientada para uma existência de viés hedonista, imediatista e submetida voluntariamente aos desejos do mercado, do capital, do consumo e da diversão em si. A regressão e o ocaso do pensamento e, em particular, daquele que se critica naquilo que este tem de não verdadeiro, bem como a barbárie que é própria desses momentos da vida cultural, são discutidos a partir de autores como Walter Benjamin, Hannah Arendt e Michel Foucault, que ousaram abordar o que se convenciona considerar dado de verdade da história como derradeira. Defende-se que a formação humana se enfraqueceu e que a própria humanidade vem carecendo de outro modelo formativo, justamente aquele que toma a experiência da crítica como a única capaz de superar a grave crise ético-política e ambiental que o planeta enfrenta; talvez, a primeira que, de fato, leve a humanidade à extinção em razão de si própria e de sua ação sobre o mundo.
El régimen legal de las tasas de interés en la legislación peruana
Authors: Castellares Aguilar Rolando
Published: November 2024

La Ley No. 31143 ha incrementado las Tasas Máximas de Interés a niveles de usura, en especial para el sector ajeno al sistema financiero; mientras que las operaciones dentro del sistema financiero ya no tendrán tasas de interés de libre determinación por las partes, sino algunas operaciones bancarias estarán sujetas a Tasas Máximas; mientras que las demás operaciones tendrán tasas de interés según la libre oferta y demanda, generándose así un doble régimen para las operaciones dentro del sistema financiero.Por otro lado, las Tasas Máximas de Interés aplicables a las operaciones ajena al sistema financiero, como las operaciones propias del sistema financiero sujetas a control, tendrán las mismas Tasas Máximas, se determinarán semestralmente; por lo que cada semestre variarán estas Tasas Máximas, aplicándose a las transacciones que se acuerden en el curso de ese semestre; todo lo cual generará complejidad y conflictos entre las partes.
Desnaturalización de los procedimientos concursales: pagos de créditos concursales fuera de concurso
Authors: Barboza Flores Juan Ramón
Published: November 2024

El presente artículo aborda la problemática advertida en la Ley General del Sistema Concursal: la autoridad concursal se ha visto imposibilitada de neutralizar pagos de créditos concursales efectuados fuera de las reglas del concurso. Por un lado, nos encontramos ante la necesidad de los deudores por continuar con la actividad empresarial, a efectos de generar mayor riqueza y no acrecentar la crisis por la que atraviesan; mientras que, por otro, nos encontramos ante la posible desnaturalización de los procedimientos. Para afrontar esta problemática, el autor propondrá la implementación de un régimen de acción que permita el balance entre la necesidad de pagos y la conservación del procedimiento concursal.
El secreto bancario en el Perú: antecedentes, evolución, perspectivas y límites
Authors: Bueno Olazábal Miguel
Published: November 2024

El presente artículo pretende dar un panorama general de la actividad del sistema financiero desde la perspectiva de las operaciones pasivas, que se encuentran protegidas por un nivel de reserva reforzado, que es el secreto bancario. Se analiza la definición de la figura y su evolución en el ámbito económico reciente, su protección constitucional y el marco normativo existente, para luego revisar las excepciones, la información excluida, las prohibiciones, los supuestos de violación del secreto bancario, los tipos de operaciones pasivas y sus singularidades, para concluir en las perspectivas actuales y retos de la figura, planteando algunas reflexiones a modo de conclusión.
Building Solidarities: Gender Justice in a Time of Backlash
Authors: Baek Chung-Ah , Chopra Deepta , Edström Jerker , Lewin Tessa , Metcalfe Steve , Mushtaq Samreen , Nazneen Sohela , Robinson Sophie
Published: November 2024

Significant progress on gender equality has been made in past decades, but in recent years gender and sexual rights are increasingly under threat from a global wave of gender backlash. This is not new. Feminists have long faced resistance while building strategic steps towards greater gender justice and equality. But today, diverse anti-gender actors have gained in strength, funding and impact, amid wider global political shifts, which has resulted in a new and complex political landscape. Gender advocates face explicit violence, harassment, intimidation or threats of violence offline, and new forms of attacks online. There has also been a deterioration of legal protections for women’s rights in many countries, including attacks on laws around bodily autonomy, sexual and reproductive health and rights (SRHR) and gender identity. Bringing together evidence from across multiple geographies, this report traces the evolution of the gender and development field, from challenging universalist assumptions about gender to visibilising care work and moving towards collective empowerment approaches, including sexual rights and paying attention to masculinities and patriarchy. Echoing much of the existing work in this field, this report puts forward six guiding principles for building solidarities for gender justice as a primary tactic to counter the rising backlash.
Profile of postpartum patients with urinary retention at Koja Regional Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
Authors: Djusad Suskhan , Meutia Alfa Putri , Hakim Surahman
Published: November 2024

HIGHLIGHTS

Maternal age and fetal birth weight are key risk factors for PPUR.
Among 300 subjects, 63.7% experienced PPUR, identified using the Suskhan score, with catheterization as a useful tool for prevention and management planning.

 
ABSTRACT
Objective: Postpartum urinary retention (PPUR) is a common voiding disorder, defined as the inability to void spontaneously within 6 hours after delivery with a residual bladder volume exceeding 200 mL. High rates of PPUR in Indonesia indicate a need for greater awareness and intervention. This study aims to assess the incidence and potential contributing factors of PPUR among postpartum patients at Koja Regional Hospital in Jakarta, Indonesia.
Materials and Methods: A descriptive case-control study was conducted, including women who experienced urinary retention following vaginal delivery at Koja Hospital between September and December 2022. Residual urine volume was measured by catheterization 6 hours after delivery. Data analysis, performed using SPSS version 22, included patient demographics and clinical factors such as maternal age, parity, gestational age, neonatal birth weight, and postvoid residual urine volume. These factors were analyzed to determine their association with PPUR.
Results: Out of 300 subjects selected through consecutive random sampling, 63.7% experienced PPUR, while 36.3% had normal urinary function. Patients with a mean age of 26.91 ± 5.02 years (p = 0.000), primiparous status (first-time mothers) (p < 0.001), and a mean neonatal birth weight of 2980.95 ± 450.52 grams (p = 0.000) showed a higher risk of developing PPUR compared to other postpartum patients.
Conclusion: The study indicates a significant association between postpartum urinary retention and maternal factors, including younger age, primiparity, and higher neonatal birth weight. Identifying these high-risk factors can enhance PPUR management, allowing healthcare providers to implement targeted monitoring and preventive measures, potentially improving postpartum outcomes in this patient population. This underscores the importance of monitoring these risk factors to better manage and potentially mitigate the incidence of PPUR.
Nutritional status, hemoglobin, and albumin levels in predicting platinum resistance in ovarian cancer at Dr. Saiful Anwar Hospital, Malang, Indonesia
Authors: Nurseta Tatit , Widowati Ayu Rizky
Published: November 2024

HIGHLIGHTS

Nutrition status, hemoglobin, and albumin levels are not predictors for platinum resistance.
Hemoglobin and albumin levels increased in both platinum-sensitive or platinum-resistant.

 
ABSTRACT
Objective: This study aimed to determine whether nutritional status, hemoglobin, and albumin levels could serve as reliable predictors for predicting platinum resistance in patients with ovarian cancer.
Materials and Methods: Conducted as a cross-sectional analysis, this study included 80 ovarian cancer patients who had completed six cycles of platinum-based chemotherapy. Patients were divided into two categories: those with platinum-resistant cancer and those with platinum-sensitive cancer, based on recurrence status following chemotherapy. Nutritional status was assessed through body mass index (BMI), and both hemoglobin and albumin levels were measured pre- and post-chemotherapy to investigate potential differences between the groups.
Results: The analysis revealed no significant difference in BMI between the platinum-sensitive and platinum-resistant groups (p = 0.743), suggesting that nutritional status, as measured by BMI, did not correlate with platinum resistance. Hemoglobin levels were similarly non-significant before (p = 0.072) and after chemotherapy (p = 0.055), indicating no clear association between hemoglobin levels and platinum response. However, hemoglobin levels showed significant increases post-chemotherapy in both the platinum-sensitive (p = 0.002) and platinum-resistant (p = 0.025) groups, though without affecting resistance outcomes. Pre-chemotherapy albumin levels did not significantly differ between the two groups (p = 0.218); but a significant post-chemotherapy difference was observed (p = 0.027), with both groups experiencing substantial increases from pre- to post-chemotherapy (p = 0.000).
Conclusion: The findings suggest that BMI, hemoglobin, and albumin levels are not reliable predictors of platinum resistance in ovarian cancer patients. Although both hemoglobin and albumin increased significantly after chemotherapy, these changes did not correspond with platinum resistance status.
The effect of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) supplementation on total antioxidant capacity (TAC), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and interleukin-6 levels in underweight pregnant women
Authors: Siahaan Salmon Charles , Santoso Budi , Ismayani Kanti , Yuwono Natalia , Aris Mohd Aznan Md
Published: November 2024

HIGHLIGHTS

Underweight pregnant women, face an imbalance in energy and protein intake.
TAC, SOD, and IL6 with administration of DHA to pregnant women with chronic energy deficiency in the third trimester provide benefits.

 
ABSTRACT
Objective: Underweight pregnant women face oxidative stress and inflammation, increasing their risk of intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) and preterm birth. This study investigates the effects of DHA supplementation on Total Antioxidant Capacity (TAC), Superoxide Dismutase (SOD), and Interleukin-6 (IL-6) in underweight pregnant women, along with the correlation between DHA and these markers.
Materials and Methods: This experimental pre-test/post-test study focused on underweight pregnant women in the Made District, Surabaya, Indonesia. Eligible participants were in their second or third trimester, had a BMI below 18.5, and were taking DHA regularly. Exclusion criteria included early pregnancy (gestational age < 14 weeks), BMI above 18.5, irregular DHA intake, and withdrawal from the study. The study ran from July to December 2023, using non-probability sampling to select participants. Blood samples were collected before and after two months of DHA supplementation.
Results: Following the intervention, TAC levels demonstrated a noteworthy increase (p < 0.05). SOD levels also exhibited a significant difference (p <0.05), and IL-6 levels showed a significant change (p < 0.05). A strong and positive correlation (r = 0.718) was observed between the increased TAC and SOD levels. DHA influenced both TAC and IL-6, with a significant relationship between TAC and IL-6 (p < 0.01). Furthermore, elevated SOD levels were associated with a decrease in IL-6 levels (p < 0.01). The correlation coefficient value of 0.718 between changes in SOD and TAC indicated a robust positive correlation.
Conclusion: The findings suggest that DHA supplementation in underweight pregnant women positively affects oxidative stress and inflammation markers, improving TAC, SOD, and IL-6 levels.
Acute fatty liver of pregnancy: An atypical case report
Authors: Subono Riska , Hikmah Nurul
Published: November 2024

HIGHLIGHTS

Acute Fatty Liver of Pregnancy (AFLP) is an uncommon condition but life-threatening obstetric emergency, that increases the risk of fetal death due to preterm birth.
AFLP can be challenging for primary health workers (especially for general practitioners (GP) and midwives) since it mimics preeclampsia, viral hepatitis, intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy, and HELLPS syndrome, so more concern is needed in this case.

 
ABSTRACT
Objective: To present an atypical case of acute fatty liver of pregnancy.
Case Report: A 33-year-old woman was referred to the Emergency department of Dr. Soedarso Tertiary Referral Hospital, Pontianak, Indonesia, previously from the district hospital over 580 KM with diagnosis of multigravida (gravida 3 para 2) at 31 weeks gestation, suspected acute fatty liver disease (AFLP), severe oligohydramnios, and intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR). The patient had a history of nausea, vomiting, epigastric pain, polydipsia and polyuria, and seizure for less than 5 minutes with loss of consciousness. The patient originally did not know she was pregnant and using a contraceptive implant. She missed her period in the last six months ago, which was the first onset of epigastric pain. Further clinical examination resulted in pitting oedema but jaundice as a cardinal sign was not present. Laboratory data showed leukocytosis, normal haemoglobin level, normal blood glucose, hyperuricemia, increased function liver test with high transaminase and bilirubin, normal coagulation profile. Urinalysis showed proteinuria. The viral hepatitis and HIV tests were negative. Transabdominal ultrasound demonstrated a single intrauterine pregnancy with no echogenic liver features. Cardiotocography (CTG) showed category 2. This patient was diagnosed with AFLP based on Swansea Criteria (7 out of 10) and terminated pregnancy two days after diagnosis. A baby boy was born with birth weight 1.100 gr, birth length 34 cm, apgar score (AS) 9 and 10 at 1 and 5 minutes. The mother had a good prognosis, while the baby died on day 23 of life.
Conclusion: Acute Fatty Liver during Pregnancy is an uncommon but life-threatening obstetric emergency. Early screening, diagnosis, timely handling delivery, and intensive supportive care are essential to decrease morbidity and mortality for both mother and fetus. Multidisciplinary opinion needed for the best management of this case.
A Study on the Improvement Plan of School-Based Self Resolution of School Bullying
Authors:   Korean Academy Welfare Counselling, Choi Hee Ju , Keum Changmin , Lee Han Na , Kim Youngkeun
Published: November 2024

The purpose of this study is to examine the existing operation status and suggest future improvement plans in order to effectively and stably establish the school-based self resolution and operate it substantively. This study collected empirical data to establish and strengthen the school-based self resolution and examined the operation status and teachers' perceptions. As a result of the study, the need for supplementation and improvement at the cognitive and institutional levels was raised to strengthen the School-Based Self Resolution. First, the school-based self resolution was operated smoothly thanks to the expertise and enthusiasm of the person in charge and the interest and cooperation of fellow teachers. On the other side, It was found that the lack of cooperation from parents was acting as an impediment to the operation of the system. Second, at the cognitive level, there were efforts to create a school violence prevention culture, find effective recovery support measures at the school level, strengthen a smooth collaboration system among teachers, and improve parents' awareness. And at the institutional level, there were strengthening of the system to prevent school violence staff in charge of work exhaustion, support for cultivating the qualifications of school principals through expansion of school violence-related training, and expansion of training and continuing education to improve teachers' student guidance and counseling capabilities and strengthening parent training. It suggested revitalizing student awareness education and recovery programs for students who have been victims of crime, reinforcing the manual for the stable establishment of the school principal`s own solution system, establishing an expert support system, and activating connection to external resources. Based on this, the direction of School-Based Self Resolution are discussed.
Effects of the Havruta Program on Intrapersonal Intelligence in Early Adulthood
Authors:   Korean Academy Welfare Counselling, Joung Sunyoung , Seo Ye In
Published: November 2024

This study designed and implemented the Havruta program in early adulthood to test its effect on intrapersonal intelligence. In addition, the participants were divided into upper and lower groups based on the mean of their pre-test of intrapersonal intelligence to verify the difference in the effect of Havruta. The study was conducted on 31 undergraduate and graduate students majoring in education at K University in Seoul, Korea, using a convenience sampling method. The intrapersonal intelligence Scale developed by Ahn and Oh (2013) was used as a tool to measure intrapersonal intelligence. The post-test score of the subjects who participated in the Havruta program were significantly higher than the pre-test scores. In addition, the sub-scales of self-understanding, self-design, self-regulation and emotional utilization, and self-reflection all showed significant improvement. Furthermore, after dividing the participants into two groups using the mean of the pretest as a reference point, the difference between the two groups was tested, and the sub-scales of the pretest scores were significantly higher than the upper group, and the sub-scales were significantly higher in self-understanding, self-design, self-regulation, and emotional utilization except for self-reflection. This finding is significant because it suggests that intrapersonal intelligence, which has been considered an innate ability, can be changed by educational and psychological programs that enhance social interaction, such as Havruta.
The Mediating Effect of Resilience in the Relationship between Parenting Anxiety and Parental Burnout of Mothers with Infant and Toddler Children
Authors:   Korean Academy Welfare Counselling, Choi Hyejin , Cho Eun Lae
Published: November 2024

The purpose of this study was to examine the mediating effect of resilience on the relationship between parenting anxiety and parental burnout among mothers of young children. The study targeted 263 mothers with young children attending daycare centers in G Province. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS 23.0 and Process macro 4.0, including descriptive statistics, reliability analysis, correlation analysis, and mediating effect analysis. The results of the study are as follows. First, mothers’ parenting anxiety and parental burnout were found to be relatively low, while resilience was evaluated as above average. Second, the relationship between mothers’ parenting anxiety, resilience, and parental burnout showed significant negative correlations between parenting anxiety and resilience, as well as between resilience and parental burnout. Parenting anxiety was found to have a significant positive correlation with parental burnout. Third, parenting anxiety had a positive effect on parental burnout, while resilience played a partial mediating role in the effect of parenting anxiety on parental burnout. These findings highlight the impact of parenting anxiety on parental burnout among mothers of young children, and by confirming the importance of resilience as a means to reduce parental burnout, the study provides implications for preventing parental burnout in the child-rearing process.
PENGEMBANGAN MODUL AJAR DENGAN PENDEKATAN REALISTIK PADA MATERI BANGUN DATAR UNTUK SISWA KELAS IV SD/MI
Authors: Nor Makiah  , Karim  , Elli Kusumawati
Published: November 2024

Pembelajaran matematika materi bangun datar memerlukan pemahaman konsep yang mendalam bagi siswa sekolah dasar karena memiliki banyak simbol, rumus, dan operasi formal sementara mereka masih berada pada tahap operasional konkret. Salah satu solusi yang dapat dilaku-kan adalah dengan menyediakan modul ajar yang menarik dan berkaitan dengan kehidupan sehari-hari siswa. Modul ajar dengan pendekatan realistik diharapkan dapat menumbuhkan pembelajaran yang bermakna. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menghasilkan modul ajar dengan pendekatan realistik pada materi bangun datar untuk siswa kelas IV SD/MI yang valid, praktis, dan efektif. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode pengembang­an (R&D) dengan model 4D. Subjek penelitian adalah siswa kelas IV SDN 3 Guntung Manggis. Instrumen pengumpulan data terdiri dari lembar validasi, angket respon guru dan siswa, serta tes.   Hasil validasi modul ajar didapat­kan rata-rata persentase validator berada pada kategori valid. Hasil uji ke­praktis­an telah mencapai kriteria praktis. Hasil analisis uji keefektifan telah mencapai kategori sangat efektif. Dengan demikian, modul ajar dengan pendekatan realistik untuk siswa kelas IV SD/MI telah memenuhi kriteria valid, praktis, dan efektif.
Learning mathematics about plane figure materials requires a deep understanding of the concept for elementary school students because it has many symbols, formulas, and formal operations while their are still at the concrete operational stage. One solution that can be done is to provide teaching modules that are interesting and related to students' daily lives. Teaching modules with a realistic approach are expected to foster meaningful learning. The purpose of this research is to produce teaching modules with a realistic approach to plane figure subject matter for grade IV elementary school students that are valid, practical, and effective. The research method used is the development method (R&D) with the 4D model. The research subjects were fourth-grade students of State Elementary School 3 Guntung Manggis. Data collection instruments consisted of validation sheets, teacher and student response questionnaires, and tests. The results of the validation of the teaching module showed that the average percentage of validators was in the valid category. The practical test results have reached is practical criteria. The results of the effectiveness test analysis have reached the very effective category. Thus, the teaching module with a realistic approach for grade IV SD/MI students has met the criteria of being valid, practical, and effective.
DESKRIPSI KEMAMPUAN NUMERASI SISWA DALAM MENYELESAIKAN MASALAH AKM
Authors: Nasrullah
Published: November 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengungkap bagaimana kemampuan numerasi peserta didik melalui keterbatasan yang dimiliki siswa dalam menyelesaikan soal numerasi berbasis AKM. Jenis penelitian yang diterapkan adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan adalah tes modifikasi AKM dan pedoman wawancara. Teknik analisis data kualitatif diterapkan dengan dukungan prinsip kredibilitas, transferabilitas, keandalan, dan konfirmabilitas. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa keterbatasan yang dialami siswa berupa minimnya strategi komputasi untuk menyelesaikan masalah perhitungan yang dibangun dalam penyelesaian dan tidak membangun argumen secara matematis dan logis untuk mendukung penyelesaian masalah yang dikerjakan. 
This study aims to reveal how the numbering ability of students through the limitations that students have in solving the issue of numbering based on AKM. The type of research applied is qualitative research with a descriptive approach. The research instruments used are AKM modification tests and interview guidelines. Qualitative data analysis techniques are applied with the support of the principles of credibility, transferability, reliability, and confirmability. The results of the research show that the limitations experienced by students are the minimum of computational strategies to solve the computational problems built in the solution and not to build arguments mathematically and logically to support the solution of the problems worked.
PENGEMBANGAN INSTRUMEN TES LITERASI NUMERASI PADA MATERI SISTEM PERSAMAAN LINEAR DUA VARIABEL KELAS VIII SMP
Authors: Khairunnisa  , Hidayah Ansori  , Yuni Suryaningsih
Published: November 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan instrumen literasi numerasi pada materi sistem persamaan linear dua variabel kelas VIII SMP yang valid. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian Research and Development (R&D) dengan menggunakan model penelitian 4D yang melalui 4 tahapan yaitu pendefinisian, perancangan, pengembangan, dan tahap penyebaran. Namun dalam penelitian ini hanya tahapan ketiga atau tahap pengembangan saja. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian dan pengembangan ini adalah data kuantitatif yang berupa skor dari lembar validasi dan data kualitatif berupa kritik, komentar, atau saran dari validator. Hasil pengembangan berupa ins­trumen tes yang terdiri dari 10 soal menunjukkan persentase yang diperoleh dari tiga orang validator adalah 86,625% (kriteria sangat valid), 85,875% (kriteria sangat valid), dan 95,75% (kriteria sangat valid). Nilai rata-rata persentase kevalidan instrumen tes adalah 89,41% yang artinya instrumen tes literasi numerasi termasuk pada kategori sangat valid.
This research aims to produce a valid numeracy literacy instrument on two-variable linear equation systems for class VIII SMP. This type of research is Research and Development (R&D) research using the 4D research model which goes through 4 stages, namely definition, design, development and deployment stage. However, in this research only the third stage or development stage was carried out. The data used in this research and development is quantitative data in the form of scores from validation sheets and qualitative data in the form of criticism, comments or suggestions from validators. The results of the development in the form of a test instrument consisting of 10 questions show that the percentages obtained from the three validators were 86.625% (very valid criteria), 85.875% (very valid criteria), and 95.75% (very valid criteria). The average percentage value of the validity of the test instrument is 89.41%, which means that the numeracy literacy test instrument is included in the very valid category
ANALISIS KESALAHAN SISWA SEKOLAH DASAR DALAM MENYELESAIKAN SOAL PEMBULATAN ANGKA
Authors: Saharani Devi Adellia , Adellia Adi Faizza Zhar , Mei Safitri Nadia , Julia Risyda , Zulkarnain Iskandar , Fajriah Noor
Published: November 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kesalahan siswa Sekolah Dasar (SD) dalam menyelesaikan soal pembulatan angka berdasarkan letak geografis mereka, dengan fokus pada perbandingan antara SD perkotaan dan SD pinggir kota. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kuantitatif dengan menggunakan indikator Newman. Data dikumpulkan melalui pemberian tes tulis berisi soal pembulatan angka kepada siswa di kedua jenis sekolah tersebut. Soal tes telah tervalidasi dengan model soal berbasis masalah. Implikasi dari penelitian ini dapat memberikan wawasan bagi pendidik untuk merancang strategi pembelajaran yang lebih sesuai dengan karakteristik siswa di berbagai lokasi geografis.
This study aims to analyze elementary school (SD) students' errors in solving rounding number problems based on their geographical location, with a focus on the comparison between urban elementary schools and suburban elementary schools. The analysis method used is descriptive quantitative using Newman indicators. Data was collected by giving a written test containing questions about rounding numbers to students in both types of schools. The test questions have been validated using the Problem Based Learning question model. The implications of this research can provide insights for educators to design learning strategies that are more appropriate to the characteristics of students in various geographical locations.
PENGEMBANGAN MODUL AJAR BERBASIS SOAL CERITA KONTEKSTUAL MATERI PECAHAN DI KELAS VII SMP
Authors: Muhammad Faried  , Chairil Faif Pasani  , Rizki Amalia
Published: November 2024

Modul pembelajaran yang disajikan melalui konteks dunia nyata dapat membantu peserta didik untuk lebih mudah memahami konsep matematika dengan melihat bagaimana konsep tersebut dapat diterapkan dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengembangkan Modul Ajar Matematika berbasis soal cerita kontekstual materi pecahan untuk kelas VII SMP, modul ajar dikembangkan untuk mengatasi kesulitan siswa dalam memahami materi pecahan dengan konteks kue bingka. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode penelitian dan pengem­bangan. Model yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah model ADDIE, yang mencakup Analisis, Desain, Development, Implementasi, dan Evaluasi. Subjek uji coba penelitian adalah 36 siswa kelas VIIG SMP Negeri 1 Banjarmasin. Analisis data menggunakan data kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan instrumen validasi modul ajar, angket respon guru, dan evaluasi siswa. Hasil analisis validasi ahli menunjukkan bahwa modul ajar ini sangat valid. Hasil analisis angket respon guru menunjukkan bahwa modul ajar sangat praktis dan hasil analisis evaluasi peserta didik menjukan bahwa modul ajar efektif.
The learning module presented through real-world contexts can help students better understand mathematical concepts by showing how these concepts can be applied in everyday life. This research aims to develop a Mathematics Teaching Module based on contextual story problems on Fraction Material for Grade VII Junior High School. The teaching module is developed to address students' difficulties in understanding fractions within the context of a cake recipe. The research method used in this study is the research and development method. The model used in this research is the ADDIE model, which includes Analysis, Design, Development, Implemen­tation, and Evaluation. The research subjects are 36 students from Grade VII of State Junior High School 1 Banjarmasin. Data analysis uses both quantitative and qualitative data. Data collection techniques include the validation instrument of the teaching module, teacher response questionnaires, and student evaluations. The results of expert validation analysis show that this teaching module is highly valid. The analysis of teacher response questionnaires indicates that the teaching module is highly practical, and the analysis of student evaluations shows that the teaching module is effective.