bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Teaching Baltimore Together: building thematic cooperation between classes
Authors: Collins Samuel Gerald , Durington Matthew , Fabricant Nicole
Published: July 2017

One year ago, Baltimore citizens took to the streets to protest not only the death of Freddie Grey, but the structural inequalities and structural violence that systematically limit the opportunities for working-class African Americans in Baltimore.  The protests, though, were not just confined to Baltimore City.  Borne on sophisticated understandings of intersectionality and political economy, the moral imperatives from the Baltimore Uprising resonated with students at our university in Baltimore County, where campus activists moved to both support the people of Baltimore while using the moment of critical reflection to critique racial inequalities on campus.  Since students were displaying a holistic, anthropological understanding of race and inequality in Baltimore, we decided to structure our classes accordingly and brought together several courses in the Department of Sociology, Anthropology and Criminal Justice in order to examine the interrelationships between power, race, class, public space and urban development.  We taught common texts, visited each other’s classes, and planned events that brought students together with community leaders in Baltimore to discuss common concerns and to learn from each other.  This paper reports on that experiment and suggests that a pedagogical model premised on drawing thematic linkages between existing courses is one way to address current events that impact us all while allowing students to direct the course of their own education.
Working Together Differently: Addressing the Housing Crisis in Oregon
Authors: Ramaley Judith A.
Published: July 2017

Universities are being asked to prepare our students to navigate successfully in a complex and interconnected world and to contribute to the solution of difficult problems at work and in the communities where they live. Our universities must do the same. We must adapt our approaches to education, scholarship and community involvement in order to play a meaningful role in addressing the increasingly complex and wicked problems that our communities face. The housing crisis in Portland, Oregon offers an especially important example of a wicked problem that has developed slowly, will be very costly to resolve and involves a lot of uncertainty due to unpredictable social, economic and environmental factors. In 2015, policymakers in communities throughout Oregon began talking about a housing crisis as people searching for affordable housing found themselves competing with both the growing popularity of Oregon as a place to live  and a real estate investment boom. Rents rose at a rate of $100/month and over 24,000 units were needed to meet the demand in 2015. The problem remains acute in 2016. This article uses community efforts to understand and address the housing crisis as a focus to explore the changing roles of the university in participating in and contributing to these new social networks, multi-stakeholder initiatives and collaborations.
Clinicopathological and therapeutic features of metaplastic carcinoma of the breast: a study of 15 cases
Authors: Salhi Hasna , Jaidane Olfa , El Amine Olfa , Ayadi Med Malek , Hassouna Jamel Ben , Dhieb Tarek Ben , Hechiche Monia , Amor Gammoudi , Rahal Khaled
Published: July 2017

Background: Metaplastic carcinoma of the breast is a rare entity containing a mixture of malignant epithelial and mesenchymal elements. The World Health Organization only recognized it as a distinct pathological entity since 2000. The aim of this study is to better characterize this rare disease.Methods: We reviewed retrospectively 15 cases of metaplastic carcinoma of the breast treated in our institute between 1994 and 2015. We analyzed clinical, histological, therapeutic and evolutive data.Results: All patients were females ranging from 29 to 75 years old (median, 50). Tumor size ranged from 20 to 150 mm (median, 72 mm). The Treatment consisted of radical mastectomy in 14 cases, often combined with post-operative radiation and/or chemotherapy. There were 8 cases of carcinosarcoma, 4 cases of spindle cell carcinoma and 3 cases of squamous cell carcinoma. Follow-up data were available on 12 patients. The median follow-up was 47 months (range, 10 to 146 months). Definitive nodal metastases were identified in 6 cases. One patient developed a local recurrence. Extranodal metastases occurred in 3 patients. Three patients died at median interval of 20 months (range, 13-30). Eight patients were alive with no evidence of recurrent or metastatic disease (median, 47 months) and one patient was alive with metastatic disease.Conclusions: Based on this series, metaplastic breast carcinoma is characterized by a large tumor size at presentation, a low frequency of nodal metastases and a high proportion of triple negativity. Our series is consistent with the literature.
Effect of vaginal progesterone in combination with cervical cerclage on improved gestational age and perinatal outcome in twin pregnancy: A prospective randomized study
Authors: N. Abdelaal , Z. Sanad , A. Shaheen , H. Hamza , A. Al Halaby
Published: July 2017

Background: Prematurity is the second leading cause of death in the first month of life. Objective of present study was to evaluate the effectiveness of vaginal progesterone and cervical cerclage each alone and in combination in improving gestational age in twin pregnancy and its subsequent impact on perinatal outcome.Methods: A sample size of seventy-five patients has been calculated out of those recruited from outpatient clinic at menoufia university hospital. All fulfilled eligibility criteria of having a twin pregnancy with a history of spontaneous preterm labour, or with a sonographic short cervical length <25mm in mid trimester. The participants were randomly assigned to three groups. Group 1 (N-25): received vaginal progesterone supplementation of 200 mg from 20 weeks until 34 weeks of gestation. Group2 (N-25): were remedied with cervical cerclage of Mc Donald type at 14-16 weeks of gestation Group 3 (N-25): received both vaginal progesterone as well as cervical cerclage. The primary outcome measure was spontaneous delivery between 34-37 weeks of gestation. Secondary outcomes were delivery prior 34 weeks of gestation as well as some parameters of neonatal morbidity and mortality.Results: There was a statistically significant higher gestational age in combination group when compared to progesterone group or cerclage group (P<0.001). Comparison between progesterone and cerclage groups did not reach statistical significance(P=-0.85). Both progesterone and cerclage groups demonstrated significantly lower birth weights, lower Apgar scores and a higher NICU admission rate than in combination group(P<0.001), while such significant difference did not exist between progesterone and cerclage groups.Conclusions: Combination of vaginal progesterone and cervical cerclage can improve gestational age at delivery as well as some parameters of perinatal morbidity and mortality in twin pregnancy.
MR imaging evaluation for the assessment of pelvic organ prolapse: a newer technique
Authors: Dave Anupama , Joshi Ruchi , Goel Vibhu , Dave Atisha
Published: July 2017

Background: MRI is the newest technique used to evaluate patients with pelvic floor disorders. It allows relatively non-invasive, dynamic evaluation of all pelvic organs in multiple planes and can directly visualize the muscular and ligamentous pelvic floor support structures. Using MRI to evaluate pelvic floor disorders may be most helpful in patients with multicompartment findings or symptoms, posterior compartment abnormalities, severe prolapse, or recurrent pelvic floor symptoms after prior surgical repair. MRI is often able to reveal more extensive organ prolapse than physical examination alone.Methods: The present study was carried out in the Department of Radiodiagnosis and Obstetrics and Gynecology of Mahatma Gandhi Memorial Medical College and M.Y. Hospital, Indore, Madhya Pradesh from November 2014 to October 2015. A total of 43 patients who had symptoms of pelvic floor dysfunction like uterine prolapse, urinary or rectal dysfunction were evaluated by high resolution USG. Patients with low lying uterus on USG were subjected to MRI. Before MRI, these patients were assessed by a Gynecologist, and a clinical diagnosis in form of the organ/organs prolapsed and the grade of individual prolapse was assigned and tabled in the prefixed format.Results: Prolapse is more common in patients with greater than 50 years age (63% patients). MRI picked up more lesions compared to clinical examination, 90% as compared to 82.5% on clinical examination. MRI has good correlation with surgery in diagnosing prolapse. Concomitant prolapse of the Anterior and Middle compartment is the most common clinical entity diagnosed on 52.5% patients in our set up. MRI has poor sensitivity in identifying posterior compartment prolapse. There is good agreement between the clinical grading and MRI grading (81.8% correlation).Conclusions: T MRI offers a novel approach of simultaneous imaging of all compartments of the female pelvis at a single setting. With lesser intraobserver variation and better visualization of the pelvic anatomy MRI would help in accurate staging and hence better outcomes in patients in terms of symptom relief.
Mode of delivery and outcome of breech presentation: a prospective observational study in a tertiary centre
Authors: Karning Rashmi Kumar , B. T. Bhanu , Sarojini .
Published: July 2017

Background: Breech presentation is the commonest malpresentation with the incidence of 3-4% at term. This study was done with the objective of studying the mode of delivery in breech presentation and to compare the maternal and fetal outcome in patients delivered vaginally to those delivered by cesarean section.Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted in Vanivilas Hospital, affiliated to Bangalore Medical College and Research Institute, from June 2014 to May 2015. The study group included 509 patients with breech presentation who were studied with respect to their gestational age, birth weight, type of breech, mode of delivery, maternal and perinatal outcome.Results: The incidence of breech presentation was 2.92% (509) among 17454 total deliveries with the incidence of 3.17% in primi and 2.73% in multies. 193 (38%) patients had vaginal breech delivery and 316 (62%) delivered by LSCS. Apgar score of less than 7 at 1 minute was seen with 21.42% of vaginally delivered fetuses and 9.09% of fetuses delivered by cesarean section. The perinatal mortality was 1.6% (8 cases) in vaginal group 0.8% (4 cases) in LSCS group. The short term maternal complications in LSCS group was 7.62% and in vaginal delivery group was 3.09%.Conclusions: The short term maternal morbidity is higher in patients with cesarean section compared to those with vaginal breech delivery. Perinatal outcome is better in babies delivered by cesarean section. Still vaginal breech delivery can be an option for breech babies with proper selection and when conducted by a skilled obstetrician.
Efficacy of morphological indexing of ovarian tumor: preoperative determination of risk of malignancy
Authors: Aishwarya Jagan , Sasikala Ramasamy , Dilshath Syed
Published: July 2017

Background: Ovarian cancers ranks fifth in cancer death worldwide and in India it ranks third among the female genital tract malignancies. Objective of present study was to assess prospectively the efficacy of morphological indexing (MI) as a method to predict malignancy in sonographically confirmed ovarian tumors.Methods: A prospective study conducted in a tertiary care hospital in Tamil Nadu from September 2011 to August 2012.  The risk of malignancy is preoperatively assessed in 136 patients with ovarian tumour using a morphological index based on tumour volume and wall structure. Each tumour was assigned a score of 0 to 10 based on increasing volume and morphologic complexity. The efficacy of the index was assessed by histopathological examination of the tumour.Results: The benign tumours had a mean MI score of 4.3 and malignant tumours had a mean of 8.3 which was statistically significant. Of the 54 tumours with MI <5, only 2 (3.7%) were malignant where else out of the remaining 82 tumours with MI >5, 54 (51.2%) were malignant. With MI >5 as a predictor of malignancy the present study had a Sensitivity-95.5%, Specificity-56.5%, Positive predictive value-51.2%, Negative predictive value-94%, and Accuracy-68%.Conclusions: Morphological index is a simple, valuable and inexpensive diagnostic tool to rule out malignancy in pre operative evaluations of ovarian tumors.
Intrauterine condom catheter tamponade in the management of atonic postpartum haemorrhage: a case series from a tertiary care centre in Central India
Authors: Parpillewar Moushmi B. , Fusey Shalini S.
Published: July 2017

Background: Postpartum haemorrhage (PPH) is the leading cause of maternal mortality worldwide with a prevalence rate of approximately 6% and 50% is due to atonic PPH. According to WHO 2014-  in India 45,000 maternal deaths take place annually and 20-60% are due to postpartum hemorrhage. Various medical and surgical methods are available. Uterine balloon tamponade is one of the methods reported increasingly with good success rates avoiding surgical morbidity.Methods: Prospective data of all women who went into atonic primary PPH after 28 weeks of gestation was collected over a period of one year.Results: Out of the 252 women who had atonic PPH, 23 were inserted with condom balloon catheter after medical management. Success rate was 18/23 (78.2%).Conclusions: Condom catheter is a non-invasive, effective, conservative method of PPH management.  In cases of failure it provides a temporary tamponade effect and time to prepare for other interventions.
Role of hysterolaparoscopy for the evaluation of primary infertility: An experience from a tertiary care hospital
Authors: Pande Benudhar , Dora Santosh Kumar , Pradhan Sharmila , Tiwary Bhawana
Published: July 2017

Background: Infertility is one of the most common problem for which couple seeks medical attention. The main objective of the study was to assess the role of diagnostic hysterolaparoscopy in the diagnosis and treatment of primary infertility patients.Methods: For this retrospective study, patient with the diagnosis of primary infertility were recruited. Patients admitted between the periods 2014 to 2016 were included. Pertinent data related to infertility were collected from the case records and entered in predesigned performa.Results: Patients with primary infertility 246 (82%) diagnosed to have pelvic pathology. The most common cause of infertility was ovarian 122 (36.63%), Uterine 66 (19.82%), tubal 84 (25.22%) and unexplained infertility in 103 (30.93%) women. Patients with PCOS 76 (22.82%) and endometriosis 46 (13.81%) treated with drilling and endometriotic cystectomy. In 32 (9.60%) of patients hysteroscopic cannulation was done. For distal tubal blockage fimbrioplasty was performed in 38 (11.41%) of women. Pelvic adhesions diagnosed in 26 (7.80%) women. patients diagnosed with uterine septum 42 (12.61%) required hysteroscopic septal resection. During the evaluation of infertility 70 (21%) of women diagnosed to have incidental pelvic pathology treated according to pathology.Conclusions: Hysterolaparoscopy is emerging as a valuable technique for complete assessment of female infertility and also helps in treatment according to the cause.
Outcome of external cephalic version (ECV) in singleton pregnancy with uncomplicated breech presentation at term in a tertiary rural hospital
Authors: Vedpathak Sachin G. , Nayak Vaishali R. Korde , P. Panigrahi P.
Published: July 2017

Background: Breech presentation is the most common malpresentation. The incidence of breech presentation at term is 3-4%. Objective of present study was to evaluate the outcome of external cephalic version (ECV) in singleton pregnancy with uncomplicated breech presentation at term in tertiary rural hospital and to analyze the immediate and ultimate outcome of external cephalic version done in term pregnancy with breech presentation with gestational age ≥37 weeks.Methods: This study was conducted at MIMER Medical college and BSTR Hospital, Talegaon Dabhade. Patients with breech presentation at term were studied over duration of 2½ years. 50 patients with breech presentation ≥37 weeks fulfilling the inclusion criteria underwent External cephalic version (ECV). Further obstetric progress is studied with the perinatal outcome and results were analyzed.Results: ECV was successful in 66% cases, out of which 88% cases had vaginal delivery and 12 % cases had LSCS for obstetric indication. Perinatal outcome was not affected with ECV.Conclusions: ECV at term significantly reduces both the incidence of breech delivery and caesarean section rate for breech delivery. ECV does not adversely affect the maternal and perinatal outcome.
Acceptability, continuation and satisfaction of postpartum intrauterine contraceptive device (PPIUCD) and delayed insertion: a comparative study
Authors: Jain Neha , Akhtar Nishat
Published: July 2017

Background: Postpartum period is an ideal time to counsel and begin contraception as women are strongly motivated at this time, also being convenient for both patients and health-care providers. Copper T 380A is a safe, highly effective method of contraception and has become the method of choice of many women for attaining their reproductive goals.Methods: It was a prospective study conducted from February 2012 and November 2013 in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, JNMCH, AMU, Aligarh, U.P.Results: 386 clients were counseled for immediate postpartum IUCD insertion (GROUP-I), out of which 34.2% clients accepted for insertion but 24.3% actually got it inserted. 337 clients were counseled for extended IUCD insertion (GROUP-II) out of these 61.1% clients accepted but only 16.5% actually got it inserted. 10.63%, 6.02% and 5.19% clients in GROUP-I and 16.22%, 13.11%, 11.54% GROUP-II went lost to follow up at 6 weeks, 3 months and 6 months respectively. Continuation rates in GROUP-I after 6 months was 73.4% in GROUP-I and 59.5% in GROUP-II. Among the clients who continued, 92.7% were satisfied in GROUP-I and 81.8% in GROUP-II.Conclusions: Immediate postpartum IUCD has better acceptability, continuation and satisfaction profile when compared to extended insertion.
Comparative study of misoprostol sublingually and dinoprostone gel intracervically for cervical ripening and induction of labor
Authors: Yadav Shikha , Chandwaskar Nootan
Published: July 2017

Background: Both Prostaglandin E1 and E2 analog are being used for cervical ripening. The aims of study was to compare the efficacy and safety profile of sublingual misoprostol (PGE2) and intracervical dinoprostone (PGE1) for cervical ripening and induction of labor.Methods: One hundred women with single live fetus and with gestational age of more than 37 weeks admitted for induction of labor were recruited for the study. Patients were randomized to receive either 25μg of misoprostol sublingually or dinaprostone gel (0.5mg) intracervically.Results: There was shorter induction to active phase, induction to delivery time intervals and less requirement of oxytocin augmentation in misoprostol group than dinoprostone gel group. Incidence of tachysystole was higher in misoprostol group than dinoprostone gel group (22% vs 10%) however this was not statistically significant. Mode of delivery, maternal and neonatal complications were similar in both the groups.Conclusions: Use of misoprostol in lower dose is a safe and cost-effective method for cervical ripening and induction of labor.
Complex mullarian duct abnormality in a young female: a theraputic dilemma
Authors: Agarwal Mukta , Tiwary Bhawana , Gurung Prajnanika
Published: July 2017

Genital outflow tract obstruction is a rare cause of primary amenorrhoea. Cervical agenesis is a very rare condition often associated with atresia of vagina. Clinical diagnosis is usually difficult before surgery. Transverse vaginal septum or vaginal agenesis is also a rare condition that results from incomplete fusion between vaginal components of the mullerian ducts and urogenital sinus. If the septum is complete, the menstrual flow will be obstructed causing primary amenorrhoea. The septum is basically a membrane of fibrous connective tissue with both muscular and vascular components formed anywhere along the vagina during embryological development. Here we present a case of 18 year old female who presented with primary amenorrhea, cyclical lower abdominal pain and menouria since 5 years. There was no history of attainment of menarche. The clinical examination revealed a small, blind ending lower vagina with a tough transverse membrane separating the lower portion from the upper genital tract. The ultrasound examination revealed a normal size uterus with hematometra. The magnetic resonance imaging of pelvis confirmed the presence of hematometra and transverse vaginal septum. Transverse vaginal septum resection followed by abdomino-perineal cervicoplasty was done in this patient.
A rare case of schwannoma mimicking ovarian tumour
Authors: Hembram Madhusmita , Durairaj Jayalakshmi , Maurya Dilip Kumar
Published: July 2017

Ovarian tumor is the most common diagnosis in postmenopausal women, presenting with a pelvic mass, though other surgical causes can still be a remote possibility. We report an extremely rare case of a woman, post hysterectomy, presenting with a pelvic mass where both clinical and radiological evaluations were suggestive of an ovarian tumor. The patient underwent laparotomy and a pre-sacral cystic mass was found and excised. Histopathology revealed a schwannoma as the final diagnosis. Hence, it mandates a high index of suspicion to consider other surgical possibilities, vigilant management in the form of advanced radiological evaluation, especially when dealing with doubtful cases of adnexal tumors prior to surgery.
Функціонування муніципального авіаційного транспорту як один з майбутніх видів аваційної діяльності
Authors: Kharchenko Volodymyr , Alexeiev Oleg , Yurchik Roman , Ali Ismail
Published: July 2017

Представлені основні принципи муніципального повітряного транспорту в межах мегаполісу. Основні завдання створення муніципального транспорту визначені для подальшого розвитку авіаційних технологій для житлово-комунального господарства, життєзабезпечення міста та його повітряно-транспортної системи. З метою подальшого розвитку авіаційної техніки в інтересах міської економіки й життя міста, необхідно вирішити три основні завдання: розвиток авіаційної техніки і насиченості міста авіаційного парку легкими вертольотами, які забезпечать розв'язання спеціальних завдань в інтересах міських служб, комерційних транспортних і повітряних операцій; розвиток міської інфраструктури авіації, в тому числі вертодромів і вертолітних майданчиків; організація безпечного використання повітряного простору над містом. Використання технології в авіації може бути здійснене при забезпеченні санітарних та екологічних норм охорони навколишнього середовища.
Порівняльний аналіз технологій отримання хітозану з підмору бджіл
Authors: Abramova Marina , Vasylchenko Olga
Published: July 2017

Мета: Метою даної статті є дослідження особливостей технології отримання хітозану з нетрадиційного джерела, а саме з підмору бджіл. Методи: У статті розглядається три методики отримання хітозану з підмору бджіл, а саме: технологія за використання підмору з низьким ступенем висушування; технологія за використання підмору з високим ступенем висушування; технологія за використання підмору з високим ступенем висушування, але без поділу стадій депротеїнізації та деацетилювання. Результати: Доведено, що технологія за використання підмору з високим ступенем висушування і без поділу стадій депротеїнізації та деацетилювання не вимагає високих температур та багато часу. Вихід хітозану за використання цієї технології складає 21–24%. Обговорення: Показано доцільність використання підмору бджіл як сировини для виробництва хітозану в Україні. Порівняно технології отримання хітозану з підмору бджіл, виділено найефективнішу з них, що забезпечує найвищий вихід готового продукту, тому є найбільш перспективною для застосування на практиці.
Інтелектуальна власність, наукова діяльність: оптимальне співвідношення
Authors: Shust Nataliia
Published: July 2017

Мета: Стаття присвячена аналізу правової природи та особливостей оптимального співвідношення інтелектуальної власності та наукової діяльності. Насьогодні інтелектуальна власність як інститут фактично переживає період свого становлення в Україні. Оскільки радянська система цивільного права базувалась на визнанні та регулюванні авторських прав авторів наукових творів, відкриттів, винаходів та раціоналізаторських пропозицій як таких, що мають головним чином відносний, а саме - зобов'язально-правовий, а не абсолютний характер. Розглядаючи концепцію інтелектуальної власності і права інтелектуальної власності в системі взаємодії з науковою діяльністю, слід зазначити, що як таке поняття "інтелектуальна власність"  потребує наукового доопрацювання. А саме, недосконалість його полягає у тому, що цей вид власності розуміється як такий, що формується інтелектуальними зусиллями автора наукового доробку, але оформляється юридично за допомогою документів, які гарантують майнові права. Методи: Загально-науковий метод, філософський метод, системний метод, спеціально-правовий метод. Результати: Необхідно підкреслити, що об'єктом права інтелектуальної власності є не кожен результат наукової, творчої діяльності, а лише той, який відповідає вимогам закону. Будь-який твір науки підпадає під охорону права, якщо він відповідає вимогам закону. Науково-технічним результатам правова охорона надається лише на підставі відповідної кваліфікації спеціальним державним органом управління і видачі правоохоронного документа та обмежується лише територією України. Захист прав  на території інших держав здійснюється лише на підставі відповідних міжнародних конвенцій і договорів. Обговорення: Сучасні передові країни давно усвідомили значення та необхідність використання і належної охорони результатів творчої та наукової діяльності, що об'єднується у поняття "інтелектуальна власність", щодо прискорення темпів соціального та промислового розвитку. Правова природа і особливості оптимального співвідношення між поняттями інтелектуальної власності та наукової діяльності є важливою темою для майбутніх наукових досліджень.
Адміністративно-правове регулювання безпеки цивільної авіації
Authors: Yeryashov Yevgen
Published: July 2017

Мета: Метою дослідження є аналіз норм Повітряного кодексу України щодо безпеки авіації та  навчальної літератури з метою надати визначення адміністативно-правового регулювання безпеки цивільної авіації. Методи дослідження: Використовуючи методи порівняння та аналізу у взаємозв’язку із формально-юридичним надано визначення екологічної безпеки, економічної безпеки та інформаційної безпеки. Також надано дефініцію адміністративно-правового регулювання безпеки цивільної авіації. Результати: В контексті аналізу норм Повітряного кодексу України та навчально-наукової літератури автор розглядає безпеку авіації як комплексне правове явище, що, з одного боку є відносно стабільним станом галузі, а з іншого складається з п’яти елементів. Слід надати дефініції екологічної безпеки, економічної безпеки та інформаційної безпеки та включити їх в ст. 1 Повітряного кодексу України. У татті надається наступне визначення адміністративно-правового регулювання безпеки цивільної авіації: це здійснюваний державою владний вплив на експлуатантів повітряних суден та інших суб’єктів авіаційної діяльності шляхом прийняття нормативно-правових актів різної юридичної сили (а також санкціонування у національне законодавство регіональних та універсальних міжнародних угод) щодо безпечного використання об’єктів авіаційної діяльності з метою забезпечення безпеки цивільної авіації. Обговорення: В даній статті автор розглядає поняття безпеки авіації та її елементів. Також представлено власне визначення деяких елементів безпеки цивільної авіації та поняття адміністративно-правового регулювання безпеки цивільної авіації.
AN ASSESSMENT OF THE APPLICATION OF OCCUPATIONAL ERGONOMICS PRINCIPLES IN THE INFORMAL SECTOR OF HARARE AND MUTARE IN ZIMBABWE
Authors: Jerie Steven
Published: July 2017

A major challenge for the city authorities of Harare and Mutare in Zimbabwe is to come up with clear policies and actions aimed at supporting and nurturing the informal sector as well as improving health and safety in the sector. This study thus aims at assessing the awareness of ergonomics principles in the small scale enterprises of Harare and Mutare. The level of awareness of ergonomics principles is low in the small scale informal sectors of Harare and Mutare. It was expected that builders, woodworkers and welders would have a higher level of ergonomic principles, but this was not the case. The informal workers are employed in a high-risk sector, but survey results indicated that improving their work environment is not one of their top priorities. The financial situation and the fact that occupational hazards and diseases are not always visible means that their limited resources are allocated to field other than occupational health and safety. Workers in the informal sector are not affected by the traditional employer-employee relationship as that obtains in the formal sector where the employee is obliged to care for the workers occupational health and safety needs. In order to address occupational health and safety discrepancies in the informal sector there is need for change of mindset and this can be catalysed by the local authorities and other organizations. The local authorities can begin by ensuring basic occupational hygiene skills among the informal sector workers so that they may realize their economic potential and hence sustained businesses.
Tessitura da educação superior e formação continuada de professores: contribuições do PIBID
Authors: Sopelsa Ortenila , Santos Simaiqui Teresinha dos , Mello Regina Oneda
Published: July 2017

Este artigo é parte de uma pesquisa qualitativa, de abordagem descritiva, com o objetivo de investigar as contribuições do Programa Institucional de Bolsas de Iniciação à Docência (PIBID) na formação continuada de professores. A amostra se constituiu de cinco diretoras de escolas de Educação Básica conveniadas ao Programa; cinco coordenadores de área dos subprojetos de Pedagogia da Universidade do Oeste de Santa Catarina (Unoesc); cinco supervisores professores regentes e cinco acadêmicos bolsistas. A coleta de dados ocorreu por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas. O estudo identificou que a articulação entre Ensino Superior, PIBID e a prática na sala de aula oportuniza compreender e aprender a profissão, nas relações entre teoria e prática, no planejamento e na execução das ações pedagógicas.
Linguagens da arte e crianças pequenas: uma leitura da produção da Anped (2007-2011)
Authors: Oliveira Alessandra Mara Rotta de
Published: July 2017

O presente artigo é resultado de uma investigação de cunho documental sobre a produção acadêmica presente nas reuniões anuais da Associação Nacional de Pós-graduação e Pesquisa em Educação (Anped) no GT 24, Educação e arte, e no GT 07, Educação de crianças de 0 a 6 anos, no período entre 2007 e 2011. O objetivo principal foi realizar o mapeamento e a análise qualitativa e interpretativa da produção voltada à educação das crianças de 0 a 3 anos de idade e as linguagens da arte. Os resultados apontam para a ausência de trabalhos específicos ao recorte do mapeamento. Assim, entre outros aspectos, indica-se a necessidade do fortalecimento do diálogo entre o GT 24 e o 07 na Anped e a averiguação em outros espaços de notório reconhecimento científico sobre a presença ou não de uma produção acadêmica voltada à temática em questão.
Condicionantes do desempenho de alunos na Prova Brasil na ótica de professores de escolas públicas
Authors: Santos Filho José Camilo dos
Published: July 2017

O objetivo com esta pesquisa foi verificar a ótica de professores de escolas estaduais paulistas sobre os condicionantes desfavoráveis à sua atuação e os condicionantes do desempenho dos alunos na Prova Brasil. Sete escolas participaram da pesquisa, das quais três com desempenho alto e quatro com desempenho baixo na referida Prova. Para a coleta dos dados foram aplicados dois questionários aos professores. Os dados quantitativos foram analisados mediante o EncuestaFácil, e os dados qualitativos, mediante a técnica de análise de conteúdo. Na pesquisa constatou-se relação significativa positiva entre a estabilidade docente na mesma escola e o desempenho alto dos alunos, e identificaram-se condicionantes desfavoráveis à atuação eficaz do professor e favoráveis e desfavoráveis ao bom desempenho dos alunos.
Ensino da norma culta da língua como reconhecimento da legitimidade de trabalho e ação pedagógica
Authors: Baldino José Maria , Nicolodi Elaine , Dos Santos Júnior Ronaldo Rosa
Published: July 2017

Neste artigo aborda-se o fato de o professor, em seu discurso na sala de aula, exercer a autoridade pedagógica em uma determinada ação pedagógica, como, por exemplo, ao ensinar a norma culta da língua. O ensino da gramática normativa se transformou em “mito” nas instituições escolares. Pierre Bourdieu discute a legitimidade da ação pedagógica, em parceria com Passeron, na obra A reprodução. Em outra obra, A economia das trocas linguísticas, trata sobre as relações de comunicação realizadas por meio dessas trocas, afirmando serem elas relações de poder simbólico. Essas duas obras foram escolhidas para que seja feita uma discussão a respeito do ensino da norma culta da língua nas escolas, como forma de imposição legítima de uma formação homogênea. Pretende-se apresentar como o conjunto de agentes do campo educacional está consciente ou inconscientemente subordinado às forças de imposição do arbitrário cultural dominante, movido por interesses comuns ou individuais, como, por exemplo, o êxito nos exames, em relação ao domínio ou não dessa língua.
Sobre a capa
Authors: Diersmann Admin Débora
Published: July 2017

Sobre a capa
Expediente
Authors: Diersmann Admin Débora
Published: July 2017

Expediente
Studies on impact of nutrient management and tillage practices on yield attributes and yield on gram – maize cropping sequence
Authors: Dhiman Shilva , Dubey Y. P.
Published: July 2017

Awareness to wards soil health and food quality has forced to find out a suitable and eco-friendly nutrient management system of crop production. Integrated nutrient management system found suitable on yield of cereal crops, but has least impact on leguminous crops. To study the impact of nutrient management practices and tillage practices was studied at the farm of Department of Soil Science, CSKHPKV, Palampur during 2013-16 gram-maize cropping sequence. The organic management with conventional tillage was found to be significantly superior with rest of the treatment combinations on yield attributes, symbiotic parameters and yield of gram in all the three years. The major constraints to grow gram at Palampur was the attack of root rot disease. The disease incidence was reduced through organic nutrient management with conventional tillage. The yield attributes and yield of maize was better in integrated management in organic management in second year. The conventional tillage in both the years registered significant impact on yield and yield attributes of maize.
Dry matter production, yield and yield components of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) genotypes as influenced by zinc and iron through ferti-fortification
Authors: V. Sai Surya  Gowthami , N. Ananda
Published: July 2017

A field experiment on deep black soils during rabi season of 2014-15 to study the influence of ferti-fortification on dry matter production, yield and yield components viz., number of pods plant-1, pod weight, 100 kernel weight and shelling percentage of groundnut genotypes. Among groundnut genotypes, ICGV-00351 recorded significantly higher pod, kernel and haulm yield (2656, 1934 and 2894 kg ha-1, respectively), dry matter production at harvest (36.54 g plant-1), number of pods plant-1 (33.66), pod weight (31.81 g plant-1), 100 kernel weight (31.59 g) and shelling percentage (72.77 %) as compared to other genotypes. Among micronutrients application, higher dry matter production at harvest (43.60 g plant-1), pod, kernel and haulm yield (2789, 2051 and 3080 kg ha-1, respectively), number of pods plant-1 (34.08), pod weight (32.25 g plant-1), 100 kernel weight (31.61 g) and shelling percentage (73.21 %) recorded with soil (25 kg ha-1) and foliar (0.5 %) application of ZnSO4 (S4) as compared to control.
Ovicidal and toxic effects of certain plant extracts to the castor semilooper, Achaea janata L. (Noctuidae: Lepidoptera)
Authors: Devarshi Ashwini A. , Yankanchi S. R.
Published: July 2017

Ovicidal and toxic effects of crude leaf extracts of Clerodendrum inerme, Clerodendrum splendens, Clerodendrum multiflorum, Vitex negundo and Argemone mexicana were evaluated against the castor semilooper, Achaea janata L. (Noctuidae: Lepidoptera) using different bioassay methods. Among the extracts tested, the highest ovicidal activity was observed in C. splendens as well as A. mexicana with LD50 values of 7.65 and 9.14 mg-1, respectively. Leaf extracts of A. mexicana and C. inerme were toxic to both third and fourth instar larvae of A. janata through topical application. However, the extracts of A. mexicana and C. inerme found to be more toxic to third instar larvae with 70 and 73 per cent mortality, respectively. The lowest LD50 value of 5.33 mg-1 was recorded by A. mexicana extract and was followed by C. inerme extract with LD50 value of 7.26 mg-1. Present results indicated that A. mexicana and C. inerme plants have potential to use in IPM programme.
Response of Improved Production Technologies (IPT) on productivity and economics of black gram (Vigna mungo l.) in Nichabanadhi sub-basin of Tamil Nadu
Authors: Paramasivan M. , Selvarani A.
Published: July 2017

One hundred and twenty eight (128) on-farm demonstrations on Improved Production Technology (IPT) for black gram were carried out in eighty (80) hectares of farmer’s fields in Sankarankovil, Vasudevanallur and Kuruvikulam blocks of Tirunelveli district of Tamil Nadu from 2010-11 to 2012-13 under Tamil Nadu – Irrigated Agriculture Modernization and Water Bodies Restoration and Management (TN-IAMWARM) project. Two methods viz., Improved Production Technologies (IPT) and Conventional Method (CM) were compared. The results revealed that the adoption of Improved Production Technologies IPT) favorably influenced yield attributes and yield of black gram. The maximum seed yield (1,053 kg ha-1) obtained from IPT which was higher than conventional method (720 kg ha-1). The best net income ( 25,650) and benefit:cost (2.60) were also associated with IPT than conventional method of black gram cultivation. The additional income of 11,762 ha-1 was obtained from IPT over Conventional Method of black gram cultivation.
Effect of calcium, magnesium and boron on nutrient uptake and yield of rice in Kole lands of Kerala
Authors: Rani Pujari Shobha , Latha A.
Published: July 2017

The Kole lands a unique wetland ecosystem of Kerala, is located 0.5-1.0m below mean sea level. An experiment was conducted in College of Horticulture, Vellanikkara, Kerala to study the influence of secondary and micronutrients viz. calcium, magnesium and boron on nutrient uptake and yield of rice in Kole lands. Six treatments including the soil test based nutrient application, package of practices recommendation (POPR) of Kerala Agricultural University for rice, combinations of the POPR with magnesium, calcium silicate, boron and absolute control were applied in the crop in a randomized block design with three replications. Higher uptake of nutrients especially primary and micronutrients were noticed by boron and calcium silicate application and lower uptake of Fe and Mn, thereby resulted in higher grain yields of 7.67 t/ha and 7.18 t/ha respectively and straw yield was higher by application of magnesium. Correlation analysis revealed that total uptake of boron, calcium and magnesium had positive and significant correlation with yield whereas negative correlation existed between Fe uptake and yield.
Studies on genetic variability, character association and path analysis for yield and its contributing traits in chickpea [Cicer arietinum (L.)]
Authors: Chopdar D. K. , Bharti Baudh , Sharma P. P. , Dubey R. B. , Brajendra Brajendra , Meena B. L.
Published: July 2017

Genetic parameters, variability, heritability and genetic advance were studied among 20 genotypes of chickpea during during Rabi 2012-13. The characters, seed yield per plant and 100-seed weight had high values of GCV, heritability and GAM and were found to be under greater control of additive gene action. While the traits, primary branches per plant, number of seeds per pod and protein content with moderate to low heritability coupled with low genetic advance appear to be more affected by on non-additive gene action. Correlation and path coefficient analysis for seed yield per plant and its components indicated that out of 11 characters, seed yield per plant showed significant and positive correlation with harvest index, number of seeds per pod, primary branches per plant, number of pods per plant, biomass per plant, and 100-seed weight indicating that an intense selection for these characters will improve seed yield in chickpea. Path coefficient analysis revealed that days to maturity, primary branches per plant, biomass per plant, harvest index, protein content and number of seeds per pod were major characters influencing seed yield directly and indirectly. The results indicated that number of seeds per pod should be given greater emphasis for manipulation of seed yield in chickpea.
Effect of weed management and sulphur on weed dynamics, soybean (Glycine max) yield and associated quality traits
Authors: Meena K. K. , Nepalia V. , Singh Dilip , Sharma Mahendra , Upadhyay B.
Published: July 2017

A field experiment was conducted during rainy seasons of 2011 and 2012 at Udaipur to evaluate the effect of weed control and sulphur on yield and quality of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill]. The twenty eight treatment combinations comprising 7 weed management treatments (weedy check, pendimethalin 1.0 kg ha-1 pre- emergence, quizalofop-ethyl 50 g ha-1 and imazethapyr 100 g ha-1 post-emergence at 15 DAS, pendimethalin, quizalofop-ethyl and imazethapyr followed by hoeing and weeding at 30 DAS) in main plot and 4 rates of sulphur application (00, 20, 40 and 60 kg ha1) in sub plot were laid out in split plot design with three replications. All weed control treatments reduced weed dry matter at harvest during both the years. Pendimethalin followed by hoeing and weeding at 30 DAS was significantly superior in reducing weed dry matter of broad-leaved, narrow-leaved and total weeds at harvest over rest of the treatments. All weed control treatments significantly enhanced straw and biological yield of soybean over weedy check. Pendimethalin followed by hoeing and weeding at 30 DAS produced significantly higher pooled seed (2168 kg ha-1), straw (3167 kg ha-1) and biological (5335 kg ha-1) yields compared to other treatments. Sulphur rates had no significant effect on weed dry matter at harvest. Across the years, increasing level of S application up to 40 kg ha-1 resulted in significantly increased straw yield, biological yield and harvest index of soybean. Increasing rate of sulphur application up to 40 kg ha-1 tended to significantly increase protein and oil yield.
Productivity of white lupin (Lupinus albus L.) as an effect of diversified farming systems
Authors: Faligowska Agnieszka , Panasiewicz Katarzyna , Szymañska Grazyna , Szukala Jerzy , Koziara Wieslaw , Pszczólkowska Agnieszka
Published: July 2017

A one–factor field experiment with white lupin cv. Butan was conducted in the years 2011–2015 in Gorzyñ (52°33’53 N, 15°53’42 E; Poland). The factor consisted of farming systems: low-input (LI), medium-input (MI) and high-input (conventional-CONV). The lowest weed density and biomass were found in CONV and the highest in LI. The weather conditions significantly influenced yielding. Each year the highest yield was found in CONV and significantly lowest in LI. On an average, the highest increase in the seed yield was obtained following increasing intensity of cultivation from LI to MI (20.3%). Farming systems did not influence the chemical composition of seeds. The highest protein yield was found in CONV (804 kg ha-1) and significantly lower – by about 6% in MI and about 19% in LI. The highest income and the lowest cost of production for 1 t of seeds and protein were recorded for LI.
Alkalinity and salinity tolerance during seed germination and early seedling stages of three alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) cultivars
Authors: Zhang Huihui , Li Xin , Nan Xu , Sun Guangyu , Sun Minglong , Cai Dunjiang , Gu Siyu
Published: July 2017

The germination of halophytes in saline-alkali substrates is a useful criterion for selection tolerant alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) cultivars. The experimental conditions consisted of five levels of salinity (24, 48, 72, 96 and 120 mM) and four pH levels (7, 8, 9 and 10). The results showed that under saline conditions, the germination percentage (Gp), plumule length (Pl) and radical length (Rl) also decreased with increasing concentration. However, under low or moderate saline conditions, Pl and fresh weight decreased sharply but Rl was the longest at 48 and 72 mM and pH 7.1, which indicated that low salinity may promote radical growth appreciably. Salinity and alkalinity stresses had synergetic effects on Gp, Ge and Gi but not on Pl, Rl and fresh weight. The results confirmed Gp, Gi and Ge are important indices for assessing germinated energy of alfalfa in salinity-alkalinity soils. Moreover, three alfalfa cultivars tested were relatively tolerant of salinity and alkalinity and Stockpile was the most tolerant cultivar in the present experiment.
Hydropriming accelerates seed germination of Medicago sativa under stressful conditions: A thermal and hydrotime model approach
Authors: Li Rong , Min Dandan , Chen Lijun , Chen Chunyang , Hu Xiaowen
Published: July 2017

This study determined the effects of priming on germination in response to temperature, water potential and NaCl. Thermal and hydrotime models were utilized to evaluate changes in parameters of the model after priming. Priming reduced the amount of thermal time in both cultivars, but slightly increased the base temperature for germination from 1.0 to 3.5°C in “Longdong”. Priming significantly increased germination rate at high water potential but had no effect at low water potential. Further, priming reduced the hydrotime constant but made the median base water potential value slightly more positive in both cultivars. Thus, priming increased germination rate in water but decrease it under severe water stress. Germination rate was significantly increased in both cultivars under salinity (NaCl) stress. Moreover, priming improved seedling growth in response to temperature, water and salinity stress in both cultivars.