bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Predicting Loyalty in Malaysian Public Higher Education using Theory of Planned Behaviour
Authors: Che Azemi Helmie Sheha , Romle Abdul Rahim
Published: January 2021

Most of studies in business and marketing are adopting various theories to understand loyalty among customers. In the recent studies, understanding customer behaviour will help institutions to re-strategize their planning and operations to increase students’ enrolment and retention. Hence, the purpose of this study is to examine the combined factors of attitude, subjective norms, perceived behavioural control and brand loyalty which mediated by intention to loyal and fill in the gap of literature pertaining brand loyalty. The application of Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) has been widely used to measure individual’s behaviour, and therefore, this study is intended to adopt TPB in understanding factors that influence loyalty in higher education. The findings in this study will help to provide more explanations and insight about students’ behaviour and their loyalty simultaneously will benefit the  university managers to improve their future marketing strategy of HEIs
The Russian Federation Information Influence (the Czech Republic case study)
Authors: Marushchak Anatolii , Khaba Rostyslav
Published: January 2021

Nowadays the hybrid attacks that use propaganda and fake news and are actively inculcated by the information centers under the control of Russian Federation on the territories of EU countries present serious threat not only to Ukraine in the view of disseminating false information about the events in our country but to the population of EU countries who are the final users of such information as well.
On the basis of examples fixed by the European representatives concerning a great number of facts when Russia interfered into the process of elections in France and Germany, hackers attacks on social networks of Great Britain during public discussions and referendum on Brexit, we ascertained that the informational presence of the RF propaganda schemes played the decisive role in choosing the European policy, presaged Brexit and ensured the growth of European populists rating on the eve of the important political processes in a number of countries. The aim of the article is to show the means and methods of Russian information propaganda in EU countries on the example of the Chech Republic. Such methods of Russian information propaganda as strict following the multilingual principle while disseminating the same
information to different resources in different countries; active usage of English as a mediator; usage of local internet resources; broadcasting the reiterative stories about the migrants from Arab states, the threat of Islamism for Europe, criticism of Western political elite, military crises in Ukraine; forming the image of Russia as the main opponent of aggressive US policy, the symbol of stability; focusing on the negative news, i.e. on protests, political rows, notorious retirements in EU and Western countries; ignoring the success and achievements etc. have been defined.
We came to the conclusion that hybrid war in Ukraine drew attention of not only the European population but of the whole world to political, media and social phenomena that is the information war of Russia vs. Ukraine and in broad aspect – to a modern propaganda of Russia which has already challenged the whole democratic world, with an impact on public opinion formation and views of young people.
Key words: hybrid war, misinformation, information influence, information propaganda.
System of Anti-terrorism Actors, their Legal-Administrative Status
Authors: Krutov Vasyl , Fornolyak Valentyna
Published: January 2021

The article states that one of the most important problems in Ukraine in current conditions is the fight against terrorism. Counterterrorism actors are involved in countering this extremely dangerous phenomenon. The system of counterterrorism actors is a set of entities defined at the level of legislation that interact with each other in order to prevent, detect, suppress and minimize the consequences of terrorist activities.
The author points out that improving the activities of these actors involves not only improving their organizational structure in order to increase mobility and flexibility in responding to changes in the dynamics of terrorism, but also strengthening the ties and interaction of relevant departments involved in anti-terrorism activities. Along with this, it is noted that civil society institutions should be involved in countering terrorism. The paper also suggests directions for improving the antiterrorist system of Ukraine.
Key words: anti-terrorism actors, system of anti-terrorism actors, the President of Ukraine, Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine, Anti-terror Center of the Security Service of Ukraine.
La Declaración de los Derechos del Hombre en Arequipa
Authors: Ugarte y Ugarte Eduardo L.
Published: January 2021

Artículo de Eduardo L. Ugarte y Ugarte. Incluye correspondencia y texto de la Declaratoria de los derechos del Hombre.
La Nariz
Authors: Pardo y Aliaga Felipe
Published: January 2021

Recopilación, prólogo y nota bibliográfica por Alberto Tauro.
Un rol de libros en 1813
Authors: Valcárcel Daniel
Published: January 2021

El presente documento procede del Archivo General de Indias (Audiencia de Lima, Legajo 649), y tiene una extensión total de 12 fojas. Consta de un Oficio del Arzobispo de Lima, Bartolomé María de las Heras al Ministro del Despacho de la Gobernación de Ultramar, remitido desde Lima el 20-XII1813, de una Lista de "Libros que se han pasado del Tribunal extinguido de la Ynquisición" y de una brevísima Nota suelta, fechada en Lima el 23-VIII-1813.
Don Ricardo Palma en Colombia : tres de sus primeros impresos
Authors: Bákula Patiño Juan Miguel
Published: January 2021

Analiza los textos encontrados en la Biblioteca Nacional de Bogotá de don Ricardo Palma, hasta ahora no mencionados, y que corresponden a sus primeras producciones impresas.
Prontuario del Curso de Clasificación
Authors: Arbulú Vargas Ricardo
Published: January 2021

Continuación de las lecciones dictadas en la Escuela Nacional de Bibliotecarios desde el año 1950 publicadas en las ediciones 9, 10, 11 y 12 de Fénix.Fin de la Primera Parte.
El pacificador del Perú
Authors: Rivera Serna Raúl
Published: January 2021

La propaganda libertaria en el Perú a través de la prensa se intensificó con la publicación de proclamas y de un periódico político trisemestral: "El Pacificador del Perú", cuyo primer número salió a luz en el pueblo de Huaura el 10 de abril de 1821 y los restantes once números en este pueblo, en Barranca y Lima, respectivamente
Centralized management of Soviet town planning. 1931–1937
Authors: Kosenkova Julia
Published: January 2021

In the 1930s, as industrialization gathered pace, great hopes were laid on the centralized management of town planning as opposed to the assertiveness of large industrial institutions. In that period, the All-Union Council of Utility Services of the USSR Central Executive Committee had the highest status. Studying new materials deposited in the RF State Archives, the author revealed that even the all-union management structure regularly experienced difficulties which paralyzed its urban planning and reconstruction activities.
small and historic
Authors: Lidin Konstantin
Published: January 2021

Small and historic towns reflect provinciality in every sense of the word. The collection of the materials presents today’s typical cases of small and provincial towns. In many towns, the search of local identity has just started, and its results are still rather questionable, because of the lack of an appropriate method. Should we search for a unique “face” of the town in its history and its sites with rich biography, like in blackearth Borisoglebsk? Or should we focus on the only unique object (Barabanovo on the Yenisei)? Or should we look back upon the town’s glorious past – its legendary fairs or unique production (Irbit in Ural)? These questions are also urgent for relatively big cities (but yet provincial).
Paraskeva Pyatnitsa Church in the village of Barabanovo
Authors: Bode Andrey , Ermakova Anna
Published: January 2021

The construction history of the Church is revealed, the original architectural appearance is determined, the architectural, artistic and stylistic assessment is given, and the characteristic features of the monument's architecture are revealed. The completed comprehensive scientific surveys of the object allowed us to consider two options for restoration solutions and analyze their validity. The evaluation criteria are authenticity and reliability. Special attention is paid to preserving the patina of time and the naturalness of an old building.
Development of an Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) aerosol index (AI) data assimilation scheme for aerosol modeling over bright surfaces – a step toward direct radiance assimilation in the UV spectrum
Authors: Zhang Jianglong , Spurr Robert J. D. , Reid Jeffrey S. , Xian Peng , Colarco Peter R. , Campbell James R. , Hyer Edward J. , Baker Nancy L.
Published: January 2021

Abstract. Using the Vector LInearized Discrete Ordinate Radiative Transfer (VLIDORT)
code as the main driver for forward model simulations, a first-of-its-kind
data assimilation scheme has been developed for assimilating Ozone
Monitoring Instrument (OMI) aerosol index (AI) measurements into the Naval
Aerosol Analysis and Predictive System (NAAPS). This study suggests that both root mean square error
(RMSE) and absolute errors can be significantly reduced in NAAPS analyses with
the use of OMI AI data assimilation when compared to values from NAAPS
natural runs. Improvements in model simulations demonstrate the utility of
OMI AI data assimilation for aerosol model analysis over cloudy regions and
bright surfaces. However, the OMI AI data assimilation alone does not
outperform aerosol data assimilation that uses passive-based aerosol
optical depth (AOD) products over cloud-free skies and dark surfaces.
Further, as AI assimilation requires the deployment of a
fully multiple-scatter-aware radiative transfer model in the forward
simulations, computational burden is an issue. Nevertheless, the
newly developed modeling system contains the necessary ingredients for
assimilation of radiances in the ultraviolet (UV) spectrum, and our study
shows the potential of direct radiance assimilation at both UV and visible
spectrums, possibly coupled with AOD assimilation, for aerosol applications
in the future. Additional data streams can be added, including data from the
TROPOspheric Monitoring Instrument (TROPOMI), the Ozone Mapping and Profiler
Suite (OMPS), and eventually the Plankton, Aerosol, Cloud and
ocean Ecosystem (PACE) mission.
Sensitivity of the Weather Research and Forecasting model
(WRF) to downscaling extreme events over Northern Tunisia
Authors: Dhib Saoussen , Homar Víctor , Bargaoui Zoubeida , Vich Mariadelmar
Published: January 2021

Abstract. Rainfall is one of the most important variables for water and flood management. We investigate the capacity of the Weather Research and Forecasting model (WRF) to dynamically downscale the ECMWF Re-Analysis data for Northern Tunisia. This study aims to examine the sensitivity of WRF rainfall estimates to different Planetary Boundary Layer (PBL) and Cumulus Physics (Cu) schemes. The verification scheme consists of three statistical criteria (Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), Pearson correlation, and the ratio bias coefficient). Moreover, the FSS coefficient (fraction skill score) and the quality coefficient SAL (structure amplitude latitude) are calculated. The database is composed of four heavy events covering an average of 318 rainfall stations. We mean by heavy event, each event occurred a rainfall of more than 50 mm per observed day at least in one rainfall station. The sensitivity study showed that there is not a best common combination scheme (PBL and Cu) for all the events. The average of the best 10 combinations for each event is adopted to get the ensemble map. We conclude that some schemes are sensitive and others less sensitive. The best three performing schemes for PBL and Cu parametrizations are selected for future rainfall estimation by WRF over Northern Tunisia.
The Wave Geometry of Final Stratospheric Warming Events
Authors: Butler Amy H. , Domeisen Daniela I. V.
Published: January 2021

Abstract. Every spring, the stratospheric polar vortex transitions from its westerly wintertime state to its easterly summertime state due to seasonal changes in incoming solar radiation, an event known as the final stratospheric warming (FSW). While FSWs tend to be less abrupt than reversals of the boreal polar vortex in midwinter, known as sudden stratospheric warming (SSW) events, their timing and characteristics can be significantly modulated by atmospheric planetary-scale waves. Just like SSWs, FSWs have been found to have predictable surface impacts. While SSWs are commonly classified according to their wave geometry, either by how the vortex evolves (whether the vortex displaces off the pole or splits into two vortices) or by the dominant wavenumber of the vortex just prior to the SSW (wave-1 versus wave-2), little is known about the wave geometry of FSW events. We here show that FSW events for both hemispheres in most cases exhibit a clear wave geometry. Most FSWs can be classified into wave-1 or wave-2 events, but wave-3 also plays a significant role in both hemispheres. Additionally, we find that in the Northern Hemisphere, wave-2 events are more likely to occur later in the spring, while in the Southern Hemisphere, wave-1 or wave-2 events show no clear preference in timing. The FSW enhances total column ozone over the pole of both hemispheres during spring, but the spatial distribution of ozone anomalies can be influenced by the wave geometry and the timing of the event. We also describe the stratosphere's downward influence on surface weather following wave-1 and wave-2 FSW events. Significant differences between the tropospheric response to wave-1 and wave-2 FSW events occur over North America and over the Southern Ocean, while no significant differences are found over the North Atlantic region, Europe, and Antarctica.
Contre-enquête collaborative : les fictions policières de Pierre Reverdy
Authors: Vincent Aurore
Published: January 2021

A travers plusieurs fictions de Pierre Reverdy (1889-1960), il s’agira de s’intéresser à la manière dont ces récits déroutent le lecteur et l’invitent à mener sa propre enquête. Cette enquête est pour nous lier au parti pris anti-mimétique de ces fictions : elle en est une conséquence. In fine, c’est donc à la redéfinition des rapports entre littérature et réel proposée par Reverdy que l’on s’intéressera.
The Relationship between Self-Esteem, Satisfaction with Life and Coach-Athlete Relationship
Authors: Gencer Eylem
Published: January 2021

The purpose of the study was to examine the relationships between the self-esteem, satisfaction with life and coach-athlete relationship, and to examine these structures according to gender, international/national status, educational status, and sport experience in an elite sport context. 206 elite judoists participated in the study. Data collected by adapted and validated forms of Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES), Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS), and Coach-Athlete Relationship Questionnaire (CART-Q). Positive significant relationships were found between the constructs of RSES, SWLS, and CART-Q. Besides, female judoists’ self-esteem scores were higher than their male counterparts. National judoists were closer to their coaches than international judoists in terms of coach-athlete relationship, and high-school judoists were closer and more committed towards their coaches than university judoists regarding educational status. In conclusion, positive relationships established between athletes and coaches may promote self-esteem and satisfaction with life of the athletes, and high self-esteem and satisfaction with life may enhance coach-athlete relationships.
¿Cómo es posible el fracaso escolar si estamos dotados para aprender?
Authors: Calvo Muñoz Carlos
Published: January 2021

El fracaso es escolar y no educacional, Las reformas implementadas insisten en continuar con lo que previamente no ha funcionado. SI bien las causas son diversas, la principal es el paradigma dominante, que pone énfasis en el orden y la explicación racional. Se ignora y rechaza que los procesos educativos son caóticos, emergentes y que se auto-organizan. SI bien las diferencias son profundas, en la base son mínimas, pues ambos procesos son posibles gracias a la propensión a aprender del ser humano. Para superar la limitación epistemológica el proceso educativo va de lo posible a lo probable y, de allí, a lo realizable. La escolarización en cambio se reduce a la repetición de relaciones pre-establecidas.
Identidad y equidad de género en la educación de la primera infancia
Authors: Estrella Patricia
Published: January 2021

El siguiente formato de reflexión recurre a los actores claves de la primera infancia, puesto que surge de un análisis colectivo en OMEP Chile, en base a la siguiente interrogante ¿cómo nos interpela el movimiento feminista nacional en las demandas de equidad de género, a quienes trabajamos diariamente por lograr una educación de calidad en la primera infancia? Sin duda que existe un compromiso y una gran responsabilidad de los profesionales de la educación frente a la temática de género, para avanzar en una perspectiva integradora y de reconocimiento de las múltiples acciones que debemos emprender. Por tanto, esta reflexión presenta los avances y los desafíos frente a la identidad y equidad de género en la educación de la primera infancia en Chile, con algunos datos relevantes actualizados, para impulsar diversas de instancias de análisis, discusión y debate de lo realizado, en pos del logro de los objetivos de la Educación para el Desarrollo Sostenible (EDS).
La milpa, saberes y lenguaje en las prácticas educativas de niños y docentes tsotsiles de la zona escolar 010 de Chenalho, Chiapas, México
Authors: Vásquez Josefa
Published: January 2021

La presente investigación muestra los significados que los docentes del nivel de educación primaria indígena de la Zona Escolar 010, del municipio de Chenalho, Chiapas, México, atribuyen a su práctica pedagógica con niños tsotsiles desde el trabajo agrícola de la milpa. A través de la milpa y otras actividades, los niños y niñas tsotsiles construyen sus conocimientos desde la vida social, cultural y productiva, reivindicando que este pueblo tiene una pedagogía específica desde la cual construyen sus saberes y lenguaje, al mismo tiempo que se identificaron como estos saberes son retomados por el docente en la vinculación con los conocimientos disciplinares, como una oportunidad de legitimarlos dentro de los planes y programas nacionales, con vistas a generar habilidades, competencias y evaluaciones desde esta pedagogía, y no ser un subsistema que desarrolle conocimientos arbitrarios y de imposición cultural. Esta investigación se desarrolló desde el paradigma de base cualitativo, con enfoque interpretativo-comprensivo, para comprender en profundidad dicho fenómeno, se optó por el método de estudio de caso, utilizando técnicas como los grupos focales y entrevistas en profundidad dirigidos a docentes y niños según criterio de selección, para otorgar la credibilidad de los hallazgos se realizó una triangulación teórica.
Un cambio de paradigma: de la universidad estatal nacional y pública a la universidad de mercado
Authors: Riveros Cornejo Luis
Published: January 2021

Este trabajo discute las tareas que son responsabilidad de la universidad tradicional, especialmente en lo que toca a constituirse en depositaria de la memoria social y ser una conciencia crítica de la sociedad, a través de su reflexión y propuesta en la creación de nuevo conocimiento. Fue emblemática la Universidad estatal, nacional y pública que caracterizó el desarrollo de la educación en Latinoamérica durante el siglo XX, como entidad destinada a dialogar con su medio social, aportando al desarrollo, constituyéndose en depositaria del conocimiento y la cultura. Nuevas tareas se exigen a la universidad de hoy: contribuir a la innovación y al desarrollo de nuevo conocimiento o investigación aplicada y de adelanto; también, frente a las crecientes demandas por más universidad, se le pide ser una formadora de profesionales y posgraduados del mejor nivel. Pero, además, se le exige también hacerse cargo de su propio financiamiento por medio de venta de servicios. Como pone en evidencia el caso chileno descrito en este trabajo, el excesivo énfasis en las políticas de autofinanciamiento y la invasiva aplicación de políticas de mercado, han determinado que la universidad transite desde su rol social crítico, autónomo, nacional y público, hacia la venta privada de servicios destinada a sustentar su desenvolvimiento.
Convivencia escolar como una finalidad de la educación: Un análisis de la política educativa chilena
Authors: Valdivieso Tocornal Pablo , Leyton Leyton Ignacio , González Paola , Toledo Francisca
Published: January 2021

El presente artículo presenta una revisión de la política pública chilena relativa a la convivencia escolar, desde la perspectiva de las diferentes iniciativas legislativas y programáticas respecto del tema, con el objetivo de analizar críticamente en torno a las implicancias que ésta tiene para las prácticas educativas en los establecimientos educacionales del país. Para lo anterior, se consideran diferentes conceptualizaciones de convivencia y las políticas educativas implementadas en el marco de la actual legislación, así como la política de convivencia escolar y de participación en el ámbito escolar. Finalmente se plantea que la convivencia debe posicionarse como un fin de la educación en sí mismo y no sólo como un medio para la consecución de resultados en los distintos sectores de aprendizaje, siendo necesario generar acciones cotidianas en la institución escolar orientadas a esta meta.
Matilde Huici. Inspiradora de la educación de párvulos universitaria durante el estado docente Chile 1944 a 1962
Authors: Silva Benjamín , Figueroa Carolina
Published: January 2021

El presente texto es un estudio preliminar sobre la acción pedagógica y práctica docente de la profesora Matilde Huici, como inspiradora central de la carrera de Educación de Párvulos en la Universidad de Chile, durante los años 1944 a 1962. Para elaborar este trabajo, se hicieron y analizaron 10 entrevistas semiestructuras de estudiantes y docentes de dichos años, elaborando por esa vía, las líneas gruesas de la acción académica de la profesora Huici. Por medio del mencionado camino, planteamos como hipótesis global que la acción pedagógica de esta maestra española en la Casa de Bello, estuvo caracterizada por: un marcado componente ético antropológico, el cual se basó en una clara aplicación del método científico y en un potente marco teórico, con lo cual planteó un claro, innovador y público reconocimiento a las potencialidades educativas de la formación inicial infantil.
¿Soy niña o niño? Roles de Género en la Preescolaridad. Estudio de Caso Chileno
Authors: Correa Ulloa Katherine Cristina
Published: January 2021

La descripción de los roles de género en la pre-escolaridad chilena podría permitir la visibilización de la identidad en la comunidad escolar y familiar. Este estudio de caso particular, poco común en las ciencias sociales, da cuenta de un proceso inicial de construcción de la identidad de género y de una mirada estereotipada de las y los adultos. Niñas y niños, apropian conductas del mundo, pero también las transforman en características que potencian sus personalidades. A pesar de la importancia educacional y personal que tiene reconocer nuestra identidad de género, la normalización de los roles sólo permite la estereotipación de conductas inamovibles, olvidando que lo femenino y masculino no son un dualismo.
INOCULAÇÃO DE SUBSTRATO COLONIZADO COMO ALTERNATIVA AOS PEQUENOS PRODUTORES DE COGUMELOS COMESTÍVEIS NO BRASIL
Authors: Martos Emerson Tokuda , Heck Karina
Published: January 2021

A produção de cogumelos comestíveis do gênero Pleurotus sp., popularmente conhecidos como shimeji, é amplamente difundida no Brasil, em virtude da facilidade de cultivo e de suas propriedades nutricionais. Como decompositor primário, promovem a ciclagem de nutrientes oriundos de resíduos diversos. Pequenos produtores devem se adequar a requisitos para alcançar boa produtividade, em especial, substrato de boa qualidade e acessível, e fonte de inóculo vigoroso que supra as demandas. O objetivo dessa pesquisa é avaliar a viabilidade na produção de cogumelos a partir de composto inoculado com alíquota de outro composto previamente colonizado por micélio, comparada com o método tradicional de inoculação (“spawn”). Os dois sistemas de inoculação foram comparados quanto à velocidade de colonização do composto e produtividade, em gramas de cogumelo colhido. Os resultados não mostraram diferença estatística entre os dois experimentos, apontando alternativa sustentável e viável na substituição de inóculo aos pequenos produtores, especialmente na indisponibilidade do inóculo comercial. É, portanto, uma alternativa que viabiliza o ciclo agroecológico na propriedade rural, tornando, inclusive, a produção de cogumelos comestíveis mais rentável e menos onerosa ao pequeno produtor.
DESVENDANDO SAGAS FANTÁSTICAS: A JORNADA DO HERÓI NA TRILOGIA "O PRÍNCIPE GATO"
Authors: Pereira Gabriela De Castro , Barth Pedro Afonso
Published: January 2021

Sagas fantásticas estão muito presentes na atual literatura juvenil brasileira. Tratam-se de narrativas que se expandem em trilogias e séries, possuindo uma porosidade com outras mídias, o que permite inúmeras possibilidades de adaptação e ampliação. O presente trabalho pretende analisar a trilogia O Príncipe Gato, de Bento de Luca, como um exemplo de saga fantástica brasileira. O objetivo geral, além de apontar algumas características estruturantes, é compreender como ocorre uma ressignificação da Jornada do herói, conceito desenvolvido por Joseph Campbell (CAMPBELL, 2004). Assim, concluímos que a saga fantástica estudada amplia a configuração natural da jornada do herói, possibilitando o cruzamento de várias jornadas heroicas, o que é um atrativo para capturar a atenção de leitores adolescentes. Além disso, O Príncipe Gato é um exemplo de uma saga que cria um paracosmo com elementos brasileiros, o que foge do comum, nesse tipo de literatura, em que uma grande exaltação a elementos e lugares estrangeiros é muito mais corriqueiro.
A rare case of infective endocarditis in a quadricuspid aortic valve caused by Gemella sanguinis
Authors: Ji Hyun , Vinnakota Shravya , Wilson Walter R. , Nkomo Vuyisile T.
Published: January 2021

Infective endocarditis (IE) in patients with a quadricusp aortic valve (QAV) is a rare occurrence that has only been described nine times in English literature. Similar in rarity, IE by Gemella sanguinis has only been described ten times. It has never been described in a patient with QAV. We describe a case of Gemella sanguinis infective endocarditis of a quadricusp aortic valve in a patient in his 4th decade of life. His QAV was detected on pre-operative transesophageal echocardiogram and confirmed intra-operatively. The patient was managed with bioprosthetic aortic valve replacement and a 6-week course of intravenous antibiotics.
Self-efficacy of Saudi English Majors after the Emergent Transition to Online Learning and Online Assessment during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Amri Zeineb , Alasmari Nasser
Published: January 2021

This research explores the sense of self-efficacy among Saudi English majors at Jeddah University during the COVID-19 pandemic, which forced all schools in Saudi Arabia to suspend face-to-face learning and, instead, use the online Blackboard platform. The study’s objectives are to determine Blackboard’s effect on Saudi learners’ self-efficacy beliefs, identify factors influencing these beliefs in the online context, and determine the relationship between self-efficacy beliefs and academic performance. Phone interviews, an online questionnaire, and online performance tests served as data collection instruments. The results indicate that urgent Blackboard use negatively affected the subjects’ self-efficacy beliefs, and there is a positive, significant relationship between academic performance and perceived self-efficacy. Among other factors, familiarity with Blackboard, technical competence, and a readiness to embrace technology strongly influenced the students’ self-efficacy beliefs. This paper also presents implications and pedagogical recommendations drawn from the results.
Active earth deformation
Authors: Grant-Taylor T. L. , Hancox G. T. , Lensen G. J. , Oborn L. E. , Thompson B. N. , Suggate R. P.
Published: January 2021

The introduction (part I) notes the N.Z. Geological Survey's policy and practice on active earth deformation with its emphasis on standardisation and uniformity in the treatment of data and presentation of interpretations.

Part II defines the terminology relating to earth deformation, it classifies active faults and folds by strictly adhering to the available evidence of their past geological history of activity. Where evidence of past activity is missing, but the structure can be geologically identified and the absence of evidence can be shown to have been destroyed or obscured, criteria for classification as "Potentially Active" are presented.

The periodicity of movement and the risk of future movement are briefly discussed.

The need to separate data from interpretation is clearly indicated by the separate treatment in part III - presentation of data in geological maps and reports – and part IV Town Planning and Engineering Implications. The latter part requires the separate presentation of a Data Map and a Interpretative Map, and concise criteria are listed to achieve standardisation of interpretation.

The report ends with a brief and general discussion on the engineering implications of active earth deformation.
Urological outcomes in nonagenarians with prostate cancer
Authors: White Joshua , Ory Jesse , Morris Heather , Rendon Ricardo A. , Mason Ross , Cox Ashley
Published: January 2021

Introduction: Nonagenarians represent a growing patient population. Herein, we report on the largest cohort of Canadian nonagenarian patients, to our knowledge, with prostate cancer.

Methods: A retrospective chart of 44 nonagenarian men diagnosed with localized or metastatic prostate cancer between 2006 and 2019 was performed. Diagnoses were based on pathological specimens or the presence of a high prostate-specific antigen (PSA >20) or abnormal digital rectal exam (DRE) in the setting of metastatic disease on imaging. Patient demographics, presenting complaints, and treatments required were included in the analysis. A descriptive statistical analysis was performed.

Results: The median patient age at time of referral was 91.1 years (interquartile range [IQR] 90.2–92.9). The median PSA at time of referral was 54.0 (IQR 18.2–142.6). Metastatic disease was present in 55% of patients at time of diagnosis (n=24). Most patients required at least one urological intervention (n=35). There were 56.8% of patients who received androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) as part of their treatment regime (n=25). Half (50%) of patients were managed with androgen receptor axis-targeted agents (ARAT), as well as ADT (n=22). Five patients (11.4%) underwent surgical castration. Death due to any cause was noted in 52.3% of patients (n=23) throughout the study period, with the median age at death being 94.4 years (IQR 92.3–97.0). Death due to prostate cancer was noted in 18.2% of patients (n=8).

Conclusions: This study highlights common presenting complaints for nonagenarian patients with prostate cancer and that many require urological intervention despite advanced age. Future studies should address patient-reported quality of life outcomes in the nonagenarian population with prostate cancer.
Longitudinal experience with Studer neobladders: Outcomes and complications
Authors: Chan Ernest Pang , Nair Shiva Madhwan , Hetou Khalil , Stephenson Emily , Power Nicholas E. , Izawa Jonathan , Chin Joseph L.K.
Published: January 2021

Introduction: This study aims to assess the longer-term functional, anatomical, and metabolic outcomes of patients who underwent Studer neobladder (SNB) urinary diversion.
Methods: A retrospective review of patients who underwent SNB at a single center from 1995–2017 (n=116) was performed. Demographics, comorbidities, pathological data, and longer-term functional, anatomical, and metabolic outcomes were collected from hospital records. The primary outcome was voiding function of patients at most recent followup. Secondary outcomes included postoperative complications, renal function, nephrolithiasis, infections, and metabolic outcomes.
Results: Excluding those with incomplete followup data, 72 patients with minimum followup of one year were included for analysis. Median followup was 70±11 months, with 52.8% of patients having ≥5 years of followup. Clean intermittent catheterization (CIC) was used by 22.2% of patient at most recent followup, which was mostly necessitated by bladder overdistension, deteriorating renal function, or recurrent urosepsis despite timed voiding. Patients experienced more daytime and nighttime urinary incontinence in the early postoperative setting that improved over time. Generally, renal function declined over time; poorer long-term renal function was predicted by hydronephrosis within one year (p=0.002).
Conclusions: Longer-term followup of SNB reveals significant but manageable complications. Gradual decline in renal function was common. Strict adherence to bladder emptying protocols (e.g., timed voiding or CIC) may reduce incidence of renal deterioration, metabolic disorders, and urinary dysfunction. Early onset (<1 year) of hydronephrosis may indicate a need for intervention to preserve long-term renal function.
Cytoreductive stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) and combination SBRT with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in metastatic renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Peng Jonathan , Lalani Aly-Khan , Swaminath Anand
Published: January 2021

Introduction: Preclinical evidence demonstrates the immunogenic potential of stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT). There is growing interest in investigating this interplay with the immune system in metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC). Cytoreduction with SBRT and combination therapy with SBRT and checkpoint inhibitor immuno-oncology agents (IO) are two potential therapeutic strategies in mRCC. In this review, we summarize the current clinical evidence for the use of cytoreductive SBRT to primary kidney and combination SBRT with IO.

Methods: A literature review for articles and abstracts published between January 2000 and March 2020 was conducted through the PubMed, the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO), and the American Society of Radiation Oncology (ASTRO) database. Evaluation of studies followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta Analyses (PRISMA) criteria.

Results: A total of three articles for cytoreductive SBRT and one article and three abstracts for combination SBRT and IO in mRCC met inclusion criteria for this review. Evidence for SBRT to primary kidney is limited by small series and pilot studies. Outcomes vary widely due to small patient numbers and study heterogeneity. Local control ranges from 85–100% and one- and two-year overall survival ranges from 38–71% and 19é53%, respectively. Combination SBRT and IO are tolerable for patients with early data, suggesting grade 3–4 adverse event rates of 0–24%. Long-term survival data is not yet available.

Conclusions: Cytoreductive SBRT and combination SBRT with IO therapy represent promising treatment strategies in mRCC. The evidence for clinical benefit is currently limited and requires further study with well-designed, randomized, controlled trials.
Hydroxychloroquine-Induced Creatine Kinase Elevation
Authors: Bayrakçı Sinem , Sürmelioğlu Nursel , Özyılmaz Ezgi
Published: January 2021

Long-term administration of hydroxychloroquine and chloroquine leads to deposition in the tissues including muscles, nerves and retina. Here, we report a case of hydroxychloroquine induced creatine kinase elevation after loading dose. An 80-year-old man with comorbidities, presented with a dry cough, high fever, diarrhea and general condition disorder ongoing for the last 3 days. The patient was admitted to the intensive care unit. The treatment was commenced with hydroxychloroquine. On the first day of treatment, the loading dose of hydroxychloroquine was started as 400 mg q12h, and treatment was continued as 200 mg q12h from the 3rd dose. After the hydroxychloroquine loading dose, the patient’s creatine kinase level increased, and after drug cessation, the level decreased. Hydroxychloroquine-induced creatine kinase elevated may be on not only long-term use but also acute period. Clinicians should have a high suspicion for hydroxychloroquine toxicity in patients with risk factors.
COVID-19: Hava Yolu ile Bulaşıyor mu?
Authors: Yılmaz Gül Ruhsar
Published: January 2021

Mask, social distancing, and hygiene are followed as primary precautions in order to be protected from the SARS-CoV-2 infection. At the beginning of the pandemic, the virus was considered to be transmitted by droplets and aerosols during medical procedures generating aerosolization. However, case clusters published later on proved that the virus was also transmitted by aerosols in indoors and in settings with bad ventilation. This study aimed to discuss the experimental and epidemiological data supporting aerosol transmission of SARS-CoV-2.
100 years of Otorhinolaryngology, Head Neck Surgery Department of Medical University of Warsaw
Authors: Niemczyk Kazimierz , Bruzgielewicz Antoni , Osuch Wójcikiewicz Ewa , Chęciński Piotr , Pierchała Katarzyna , Bartoszewicz Robert
Published: January 2021

On January 15, 2021, one hundred years have passed since the establishment of the Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery at the Medical University of Warsaw. The authors representing the oldest generations of the current Team present the history of the Clinic from its establishment to the present day. The most important achievements throughout history and selected activities of the team currently working are described.
A incorporação de narrativas pessoais no webjornalismo: a construção de uma história a partir de postagens do Facebook
Authors: Dalmaso Silvana Copetti
Published: January 2021

O Facebook se transformou em ferramenta geradora de narrativas para o jornalismo. Este artigo discute as apropriações de postagens na construção das notícias a partir de um episódio ocorrido em 2017: a suspensão das atividades da banda gaúcha Apanhador Só devido a um post no Facebook. Por meio da Análise de Conteúdo, examinamos como três notícias, dos sites dos jornais Folha, Estadão e O Globo, utilizaram postagens do site de rede social para construir seus relatos noticiosos sobre o caso. O objetivo é discutir se e como as formas de captura desses dados pelo jornalismo podem modificar eventuais compreensões das notícias.
#BahiaClubedoPovo
Authors: Santos Anderson David Gomes dos
Published: January 2021

O Esporte Clube Bahia tem se destacado no futebol brasileiro pelas campanhas promovidas pelo seu Núcleo de Ações Afirmativas. Porém, o clube chegou a isso após passar, em 2013, por uma intervenção judicial, que se seguiu com um processo de democratização que gerou maior participação da torcida nas suas instâncias deliberativas, assim como a implementação de mais ferramentas de transparência. Num momento de fragilidade dos ideais democráticos no Brasil, o objetivo do artigo é analisar a campanha #BahiaClubedoPovo, com camisas e propagandas sobre o respeito à pluralidade presente na torcida. Para isso, investiga-se os elementos que conformam a campanha a partir da utilização da Análise de Redes Sociais e da Análise de Conteúdo.
As modalidades da nostalgia
Authors: Pickering Michael , Keightley Emily , Bruck Mozahir Salomão , Marques Carolina Lopes
Published: January 2021

A nostalgia tem sido vista como o oposto conceitual do progresso, contra o qual é vista negativamente como reacionária, sentimental ou melancólica. Foi visto como um recuo derrotista do presente e evidência de perda de fé no futuro. A nostalgia é certamente uma resposta à experiência de perda endêmica na modernidade e na modernidade tardia, mas os autores argumentam que ela tem inúmeras manifestações e não pode ser reduzida a uma definição singular ou absoluta. Isso quer dizer que seus significados são múltiplos e, portanto, devem ser vistos como a acomodação de impulsos progressivos e até utópicos, bem como posturas regressivas e atitudes melancólicas. Suas contradições podem ser evidentes nas formas vernacular e midiática de lembrança e reconstrução histórica. Os autores argumentam que tais contradições devem ser vistas como mutuamente constitutivas, pois é nas suas inter-relações que surge o potencial para a crítica sociológica.
Entre o medo, a guerra e a esperança
Authors: Barcelos Janaina Dias
Published: January 2021

Este trabalho desenvolve uma análise do discurso verbo-visual de 15 capas da revista Veja, durante o primeiro semestre de 2020, referentes à cobertura do novo coronavírus. O objetivo é verificar de que modo a publicação apresenta a pandemia, a partir de quais estratégias discursivas, colaborando para a construção de qual visão sobre o tema. Percebemos que Veja mescla um tom alarmista de perigo com um positivo de busca de soluções, defendendo o isolamento social, o uso da razão, do bom senso e a ciência.
Where shall we place the emphasis?
Authors: Metzler W. H.
Published: January 2021

In teaching any subject we must know what it is good for, what powers and abilities it helps to develop. We will then know at what to aim and where to place the emphasis. I am inclined to think that most teachers believe they should teach principles rather than facts, that they should aim at mental power rather than knowledge of details. At the same time many teachers seem lo think they are compelled by one circumstance or another to sacrifice their ideals and best judgment. They claim that the material comes to them improperly prepared from below; that much is poor material to start with; that the demands of the colleges are heavy; that examinations covering certain ground await their students at the end of a given time; that their success is measured by the percentage of those students who pass the examinations; that one must teach in the same class, students preparing for college and students preparing for the various walks of life. All these and other causes conspire to lead too many teachers from those high ideals which they know they should and in most cases would like to follow. The justice of these claims has more or less validity under certain circumstances, but in the main I think there is no real good reason why these ideals should be departed from.
General Suggestions for Marking Papers in the State Examinations, Based Upon a Passing Mark of Sixty Per Cent
Authors: Baker A. Latham , Bikle Charles E. , Bruce Grace A. , Simons Lao G. , Smith Eugene R.
Published: January 2021

These figures are intended as general suggestions for the class of errors designated, an indication of the views of a number of markers of examination papers, to be modified by each marker according to the particular features of each answer paper.
The Teaching of Mathematics in the Elementary and the Secondary School
Authors: Gale Arthur Sullivan
Published: January 2021

During recent years there has developed in this country a very real interest in the teaching of mathematics, as evidenced by the formation of numerous associations of teachers of mathematics. This interest may be traced to two principal sources. The great mathematical revival finding its expression in the rapid and healthy growth of the American Mathematical Society has had naturally a reactionary effect upon collegiate and then upon secondary instruction. This effect is seen in the effort to put upon a scientific basis the elementary parts of mathematics in their relation to the subject as a whole. At the same time, modern pedagogy holds as its principal thesis that both subject matter and manner of presentation must be arranged with reference to a psychological study of the pupil. Hence a further rearrangement of mathematical material is required with the express object of obtaining and retaining the student’s interest. These two courses of the demand for improvement in mathematical instruction call for two lines of preparation on the part of the teacher, mathematical and peciagogical. A man may have studied a wide range of mathematical topics and yet have so poor a notion of how to present his ideas that it takes several years’ experience to learn to teach; and in the meantime many of his pupils may discover, or believe that they have discovered, that they are so mentally deficient as to be unable to grasp mathematics. On the other hand, a man may learn something of the technique of teaching and be so ignorant of the principles of the science that his students do not obtain any idea of the spirit of mathematical studies. Such ignorance may be partially pardoned in the man who is forced to teach many different subjects; but it is, even at present, no novelty to find a teacher of mathematics only, who thinks that he requires his students to give a complete reason for every step in a geometrical demonstration. It is generally conceded that the normal schools have been unable to afford proper mathematical training for the high school teacher, and it is gratifying that the colleges are beginning to offer courses in mathematics arranged especially for those intending to enter the field of secondary instruction. Such courses should touch on many topics having an immediate bearing on elementary algebra and geometry and not ordinarily included in the courses usually offered to undergraduates, as well as some discussion of pedagogical principle. The proper person to conduct them has been aptly described by a well-known mathematician as “a mathematician sufficiently interested in his subject to publish occasional investigations, and who has the pedagogic instinct.”
The Teaching of Mathematics in the Elementary and the Secondary School
Authors: Gale Arthur Sullivan
Published: January 2021

The chapter on geometry (pp. 257-291) is excellent. lt presents ideas on geometric analysis, concrete and formal geometry, methods for treating problems, modern geometry, and non-Euclidean geometry. Especially important is the discussion of problems which lead to algebraic equations and the construction of simple algebraic expressions. A timely plea is made for experimental work and the usc of models and apparatus. As an example of their value, a Rochester teacher exhibited a sextant before a class one morning. A pupil borrowed it for the noon hour and became so enthusiastic in its use that he “cut” his afternoon classes to do some rough surveying. Contrast the interest which the inc;trument developed with the lack of enthusiasm which causes so many absences from the mathematical class-room! The chapter closes with an analysis of trigonometry and suggestions as to where its various parts should be taught.
The Mathematics of Warfare
Authors: Bird J. Malcolm
Published: January 2021

The mathematics of warfare is a large subject, with many ramifications; and I shall be able only to identify some of these, and pursue them long enough to indicate the general directions in which they lead. But first I must point out one feature common to almost all war-time mathematics.