bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Automatic Multiwell Assessment of Flow-Related Petrophysical Properties of Tight-Gas Sandstones Based on the Physics of Mud-Filtrate Invasion
Authors: Bennis M. , Torres-Verdín C.
Published: March 2023

Petrophysical interpretation of borehole geophysical measurements in the presence of deep mud-filtrate invasion remains a challenge in formation evaluation. Traditional interpretation methods often assume a piston-like radial resistivity model to estimate the radial length of invasion, resistivities in the flushed and virgin zones, and the corresponding fluid saturations from apparent resistivity logs. Such assumptions often introduce notable inaccuracies, especially when the radial distribution of formation resistivity exhibits a deep and smooth radial front. Numerical simulation of mud-filtrate invasion and well logs combined with inversion methods can improve the estimation accuracy of petrophysical properties from borehole geophysical measurements affected by the presence of mud-filtrate invasion.

We develop a new method to quantify water saturation in the virgin zone, residual hydrocarbon saturation, and permeability from borehole geophysical measurements. This method combines the numerical simulation of well logs with the physics of mud-filtrate invasion to quantify the effect of petrophysical properties and drilling parameters on nuclear and resistivity logs. Our approach explicitly considers the different volumes of investigation associated with the borehole geophysical measurements included in the interpretation. The new method is successfully applied to a tight-gas sandstone formation invaded with water-base mud (WBM). Petrophysical properties were estimated in three closely spaced vertical wells that exhibited different invasion conditions (i.e., different times of invasion and different overbalance pressures). Available rock-core laboratory measurements were used to calibrate the petrophysical models and obtain realistic spatial distributions of petrophysical properties around the borehole. This approach assumes that initial water saturation is equal to irreducible water saturation. Based on the calibrated petrophysical models, thousands of invasion conditions were numerically simulated for a wide range of petrophysical properties, including porosity and permeability. Based on the large data set of numerical simulations, analytical and machine-learning (ML) models were combined to infer unknown rock properties in each well. Mean-absolute-percent errors (MAPE) of the analytical and ML models for the estimation of water saturation in the virgin zone are 5% and 2%, respectively, while the MAPE of the analytical models for the estimation of residual hydrocarbon saturation is 10%. Synthetic and field examples are examined to benchmark the successful application and verification of the new interpretation method. Estimates of water saturation in the virgin zone using the new method are in good agreement with core-based models.
Investigating the genetic determination of clutch traits in Chinese local chicken breed
Authors: Wang Jie , Liu Zhansheng , Cao Dingguo , Liu Jie , Li Fuwei , Han Heguo , Han Haixia , Lei Qiuxia , Liu Wei , Li Dapeng , Wang Jianxia , Zhou Yan
Published: March 2023

Background:Egg-laying rate is the trait with the highest economic weight in breeding programs for laying hens. Egg-laying rate is associated with a clutch, which is defined as consecutive days of oviposition. Clutch traits can be used to describe the individual laying pattern and has been considered as a trait for selection. However, little is known about the uniformity of clutch traits.Methods:In this study, after estimating the genetic parameters for age at first egg (afe), body weight at first egg (bwfe), longest clutch until 52 week of age (maxC), the first week when the longest clutch starts (fwlCs), the last week of longest clutch ends (lwlCe), number of clutches (numC), the longest number of days without egg-laying until 52 week of age (lndwel), we identified single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and potential candidate genes associated with clutch traits in Laiwu Black chicken (a native Chinese breed). The restricted maximum likelihood (REML)method was employed for estimation of genetic parameters of clutch pattern in 399 Laiwu Black hens, using the GCTA software.Results:The results showed that SNP-based heritability estimates of clutch traits ranged from 0.06 to 0.59. A genome-wide association study (GWAS) was performed based on a mixed linear model (MLM) implemented in the EMMAX software. Genotyping data were obtained from whole genome re-sequencing data (399 individuals were re-sequenced at 7× coverage). After quality control, a total of 10,810,544 SNPs remained to be analyzed. The GWAS results revealed that 401 significant SNPs responsible for clutch traits were scattered on chicken chromosomes 1-14, 17-19, 21-25, 28 and Z. Among the annotated genes, neural EGFL like 2 (NELL2), SET And MYND domain containing 3 (SMYD3), and phospholipase D1 (PLCL1)were the most promising candidates for clutch traits in Laiwu Black chicken.Conclusion:The clutch traits showed moderate to high heritability, and the GWAS results identified an array of genes associated with the clutch traits. The findings of this study provide critical insight into the genetic basis of clutch traits.
Realized genetic gains via recurrent selection in a tropical maize haploid inducer population and optimizing simultaneous selection for the next breeding cycles
Authors: Fritsche-Neto Roberto , Sabadin Felipe , doVale Julio César , Souza Pedro Henrique , Borges Karina Lima Reis , Crossa Jose , Garbuglio Deoclécio Domingos
Published: March 2023

Plant breeders widely use recurrent selection schemes to increase the frequency of favorable alleles for quantitative traits in a population. Although simultaneous selection is complex because it involves several traits combined with selection cycles, the use of selection indexes (SI) is applied to increase the chance of success of the breeding program. Despite many indices are available in the literature, therefore, simulations can help breeders to determine which selection index can be better adjusted considering the selection goals, the intensity, and the genetic correlation among traits over breeding cycles. In this context, we estimated the realized genetic gains in a tropical maize haploid inducer population after two cycles of recurrent selection, using external testers and optimizing the simultaneous selection for this breeding population in the long-term via stochastic simulations. Furthermore, we proposed a new approach to optimize the initial weights by applying Smith-Hazel method to maximize the genetic gains for all traits in a balanced way. Overall, the estimated gains in real induction rate were about 63% per cycle, improving the population performance from 0.8 to 2.8%. Moreover, our results confirm that the traditional Smith-Hazel approach outperformed other methods for long-term response to selection. Finally, recurrent selection with external testers is a suitable method to improve the haploid induction rate in tropical maize populations.
An Optimized Approach For Detection and Classification of Spam Email’s Using Ensemble Methods
Authors: Fatima Rubab , Sadiq Muhammad , Ullah Saleem , Ahmed Gulnaz , Mahmood Saqib
Published: March 2023

Since the advent of email services, spam emails are a major concern because users’ security depends on the classification of emails as ham or spam. It’s a malware attack that has been used for spear phishing, whaling, clone phishing, website forgery, and other harmful activities. However, various ensemble Machine Learning (ML) algorithms used for the detection and filtering of spam emails have been less explored. In this research, we offer a ML based optimized algorithm for detecting spam emails that have been enhanced using Hyper-parameter tuning approaches. The proposed approach uses two feature extraction modules, namely Count-Vectorizer and TFIDF-Vectorizer that provide the most effective classification results when we applied them to three different publicly available email data sets: Ling Spam, UCI SMS Spam, and Proposed dataset. Moreover, to extend the performance of classifiers we used various ML methods such as Naive Bayes (NB), Logistic Regression (LR), Extra Tree, Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD), XG-Boost, Support Vector Machine (SVM), Random Forest (RF), Multi Layer Perception (MLP), and parameter optimization approaches such as Manual search, Random search, Grid search, and Genetic algorithm. For all three data sets, the SGD outperformed other algorithms. All of the other ensembles (Extra Tree, RF), linear models (LR, Linear-SVC), and MLP performed admirably, with relatively high precision, recall, accuracies and F1-Score.
Social innovation for regenerative buildings: Insights from Austria.
Authors: Hirschberg Rebekka , Ruderer Jomo , Röck Martin
Published: March 2023

Decarbonizing the construction and operation of buildings is essential in achieving sustainable development and mitigating the climate and ecosystem crisis. While considerable progress has been made to reduce energy and emissions from building operation, from a whole life cycle perspective, current building practices still struggle to provide housing within planetary boundaries. Beyond technological innovation, strategies are needed to reduce building-related environmental impacts while ensuring adequate spaces for a regenerative and distributive circular economy. Social innovation is needed to support the implementation of sustainable development goals and reduce emissions in the building sector. This article investigates pioneering building projects from Austria and the various social innovation strategies they successfully deploy to enable alternative model of regenerative spatial production. The strategies include co-creation and participatory design processes, crowd-based financing and co-ownership, as well as dedication to sharing and circularity. The study analyzes three building case studies that showcase successful social innovation in housing. The case studies are situated in different spatial contexts, including reactivating the countryside, revitalizing newly developed neighborhoods, and bringing new life to abandoned buildings. Despite the potential benefits of social innovation, this study finds that current real estate market hardly supports the development and realization of alternative housing models. In response, innovative models of housing are often driven by the initiative of the inhabitants and supported by dedicated individuals in local governance and public service. This study provides insights and guidance on how social innovation strategies can support alternative housing projects and which governance, financing, and ownership models may enable the implementation of regenerative buildings at scale.
Flexible Wearable Microstrip Patch Antenna based on Graded Dielectric Substrate Profile for Wireless Applications
Authors: Singh Rashwinder , Kaur Ranjit , Singh Charanjit
Published: March 2023

The aim of this paper is to investigate the possibilities of designing and fabricating a highly efficient and flexible wearable microstrip patch antenna operating at resonant frequency of 2.45 GHz. Copper Foil Tape (CFT) is used as a conducting medium in designing the patch and ground of antenna. While for designing the substrate, a graded profile based structures are made by combining two non-conducting fabrics i.e. Fleece-Curtain Cotton and Fleece-Polyester. The dielectric constant of these fabrics is measured with the help of ring resonator method. The proposed design models are simulated using CST simulator. To ensure the human body safety from antenna radiations in case of wearable applications, Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) is calculated on the simulated designs. Further some bending analysis of proposed antennas is also performed to ensure their applicability on different body parts like wrist, arm. Finally the proposed designs are fabricated and measured results are obtained using Agilent N5247A: A.09.90.02 VNA. TRL technique is used to calibrate the VNA with 3.5 SMA calibration kit.Simulated and measured results show good matching with each other in terms of resonant frequency, return loss, bandwidth and gain. The antenna designed using fleece-curtain cotton substrate achieved maximum bandwidth of 990 MHz, 2.22 dB gain and -34.99 dB value of S11 parameter. Voltage Standing Wave Ratio (VSWR) for all five antennas is less than 2. Hence the proposed antenna is a suitable candidate for wearable wireless applications.
Trends in Organic Farming Research in India (2002-2021): An assessment
Authors: Bankar Ravindra S. , Lihitkar Shalini R.
Published: March 2023

A scientometric analysis is conducted to study the research productivity and trend dynamics of organic farming research in India covering the period of 20 years (2001–2021). The study aims at the science mapping that aimed to summarize research activity and its essential aspects. The scientometric analysis outlines the year-wise research growth pattern, prolific authors and their productivity, major contributing journal outlets, major contributing institutions, and countries along with keywords occurrences for trend dynamics of the organic farming research in India. The is sourced from the web of science core collection database. The most productive year span is 2017–2021 (44.76% of the total paper published). The research growth pattern shows a gradual increase in research during the two decades. Research Articles are the most published form of research output. A total of 20.11% of international co-authorship is observed in organic farming research. ICAR-based source-Indian Journal of Agricultural Science is the major contributing source to organic farming research. The study has the potential to benchmark the organic farming research in India to play a significant catalytic role for further research in the field of organic farming.
Classification of second harmonic generation effect in magnetic materials
Authors: Xiao Rui-Chun , Shao Ding-Fu , Gan Wei , Wang Huan-Wen , Han Hui , Sheng Zhigao , Zhang Changjin , Jiang Hua , Li Hui
Published: March 2023

Studying of the relationship between magnetism and second harmonic generation effect (SHG) is not only a fundamental topic in condensed matter physics, but also has practical significance in experiments. In this work, we construct a complete and exclusive classification of SHG effect in magnetic materials, which offers a straightforward approach to inspect this intriguing connection and reveals the symmetries and origins of SHG. First, we study the symmetries of SHG tensors in all magnetic point groups with isomorphic group method, then we propose a comprehensive classification of SHG effect containing seven types by considering the symmetries of the magnetic phases and the corresponding parent phases. A tensor dictionary containing SHG and linear magneto-optic effect (LMO) is created, and a SHG database of magnetic materials is also established. Particularly, we find an anomalous SHG effect which is even and contributed by magnetism merely through our classification. Besides, the classification is conducive to the determination of magnetic structures via SHG.
In vitro evaluation of (S)-2-amino-3-[3-(2-18F-fluoroethoxy)-4-iodophenyl]-2-methylpropanoic acid (18F-FIMP) as a positron emission tomography probe for imaging amino acid transporters
Authors: Nozaki Satoshi , Nakatani Yuka , Mawatari Aya , Hume William Ewan , Doi Hisashi , Watanabe Yasuyoshi
Published: March 2023

Background
(S)-2-amino-3-[3-(2-18F-fluoroethoxy)-4-iodophenyl]-2-methylpropanoic acid (18F-FIMP) as a promising PET probe for imaging the tumor-specific L-type amino acid transporter (LAT) 1. Our previous study revealed that 18F-FIMP had a higher affinity for LAT1 than for LAT2 abundantly expressed even in normal cells. 18F-FIMP showed high accumulation in LAT1-positive tumor tissues and low accumulation in inflamed lesions in tumor-bearing mice. However, the affinity of 18F-FIMP for other amino acid transporters was not determined yet. Here, we aimed to determine whether 18F-FIMP has affinity for other tumor-related amino acid transporters, such as sodium- and chloride-dependent neutral and basic amino acid transporter B(0+) (ATB0,+), alanine serine cysteine transporter 2 (ASCT2), and cystine/glutamate transporter (xCT).
Procedures
Cells overexpressing LAT1, ATB0,+, ASCT2, or xCT were established by the transfection of expression vectors for LAT1, ATB0,+, ASCT2, or xCT. Protein expression levels were determined by western blot and immunofluorescent analyses. Transport function was evaluated by a cell-based uptake assay using 18F-FIMP and 14C-labeled amino acids as substrates.
Results
Intense signals were observed only for expression vector-transfected cells on western blot and immunofluorescent analyses. These signals were strongly reduced by gene-specific small interfering ribonucleic acid treatment. The uptake values for each 14C-labeled substrate were significantly higher in the transfected cells than in the mock-transfected cells, and were significantly inhibited by the corresponding specific inhibitors. The 18F-FIMP uptake values were significantly higher in the LAT1- and ATB0,+-overexpressing cells than in the corresponding mock cells, but no such increase was seen in the ASCT2- or xCT-overexpressing cells. These 18F-FIMP uptake values were significantly decreased by the specific inhibitors for LAT1- and ATB0,+.
Conclusions
We demonstrated that 18F-FIMP has affinity not only for LAT1, but also for ATB0,+. Our results may be helpful for understanding the mechanisms of the whole-body distribution and tumor accumulation of 18F-FIMP.
Identification of prognostic m 6 A modification patterns and score system in melanoma patients
Authors: Liu Zichuan , Chen Peijie , Ouyang Si , Xiong Kaixin , Wang Qian , Zhou Min , Wang Yao
Published: March 2023

Background
N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is the most common modification on RNAs and LncRNAs. It plays an important role in cancer stem cell differentiation, T cell differentiation, and immune homeostasis. In this study, we explored the potential roles of m6A modification of RNA in melanoma and investigated the immune cell infiltration in tumor microenvironment in diverse m6Aclusters and different m6Ascore groups.
Methods
The gene expression data and corresponding clinical information of melanoma patients were downloaded from TCGA and GEO databases (GSE65904). A consensus clustering algorithm determined m6A modification patterns based on 14 m6A regulators. Gene set variation analysis (GSVA) explored the biological process and single sample gene set enrichment analyses (ssGSEA) quantified the relative abundance of each immune cell infiltration. m6A-related differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified based on three patterns found among patients. An m6A-related gene signature (m6Ascore) was constructed based on genes with significant prognostic value using the principal component analysis algorithm.
Results
Three m6A modification patterns were identified based on 14 m6A regulators, named as m6Aclusters A-C. The prognosis of m6Acluster A was more favorable than m6Aclusters B and C, and it was more closely associated with immune regulation. After screening 4430 DEGs, three m6A modification genomic phenotypes were identified based on 845 prognostic DEGs. To quantify the m6A modification patterns of individual tumor, an m6Ascore was constructed, and patients were classified into high and low m6Ascore groups. The low m6Ascore group, which had a favorable prognosis, was more relevant to immunology. The expression of PD-L1 was higher and the immunophenoscore (IPS) revealed stronger response to immunotherapy in the low m6Ascore group.
Conclusions
This study identified three m6A modification patterns with different immune characteristics in melanoma patients and constructed an m6Ascore system to predict prognosis and immunogenicity of patients, which is conducive to clinical prognosis judgment and individual treatment.
The relationship between abnormal myocardial alterations and glycemic control validated by cardiac magnetic resonance in a pig model of diabetes mellitus
Authors: Zhang Lu , Guo Ying-kun , Yang Zhi-gang , Jiang Li , Yan Wei-feng , Xu Hua-yan
Published: March 2023

Aims
To investigate the relationship between hemoglobin (HbAlc) and abnormal myocardial alterations as determined by cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) T1 mapping and feature tracking in a pig model of diabetes mellitus (DM).
Methods
Eight DM models were successfully established and were divided into two groups based on their HbAlc median value (high HbAlc ≥ 6.07%, n = 5; low HbAlc < 6.07%, n = 3). As controls, five healthy age-matched pigs were used. Over the diabetic course of 16 months, CMR cine, T1 mapping, and late enhancement gadolinium (LGE) were performed. Afterward, three pigs were then sacrificed and stained with masson trichrome and advanced glycation end products (AGEs) from control, high, and low HbAlc groups, respectively.
Results
Diabetes and control groups did not differ in terms of left ventricular ejection fraction (p = 0.784) and showed no evidence of LGE. However, when compared to controls, pigs with high HbAlc had higher native T1 and ECV as well as lower longitudinal strain and strain rate (all p < 0.05). Furthermore, HbAlc correlated well with native T1, ECV, longitudinal strain, and diastolic strain rate (R2 = 0.470 to 0.849, all p < 0.05). Histological staining showed more significant deposition of myocardial interstitial fibrosis and AGEs in the pig with high HbAlc than in the other two pigs.
Conclusions
High HbAlc was associated with increased myocardial native T1 and ECV and decreased longitudinal myocardial deformation in DM pigs.
Construction waste resource utilization and energy consumption calculation based on Internet of things
Authors: Chang Fuhua , Wang Dan
Published: March 2023

With the development of urbanization, the city has entered the stage of improving the quality of the stock, and the number of urban demolition has increased, resulting in the generation of construction waste and great pressure on the environment. The discharge of construction waste threatens the sustainable development of urban environment. And because large public buildings have high energy consumption and high emissions, it is urgent to establish an effective energy consumption measurement system. In the past, the calculation method for energy consumption was relatively single, which could not effectively manage energy consumption. This paper discusses how to use construction waste scientifically based on the Internet of things, and using advanced measurement technology to monitor and analyze building energy consumption is an effective way to solve this problem. Based on this, this paper constructs a building energy consumption measurement system through the Internet of things technology. By using BP linear neural network model to predict, the system effectively improves the prediction accuracy and makes it close to the actual value. The system is mainly based on the collection terminal, the centralized data terminal and the data management terminal, and then builds a communication bridge between the terminals through the Internet of things and the Internet. The response time of energy consumption monitoring and management is relatively short, and the response speed of power control management and energy consumption management analysis is relatively fast, which can effectively measure the energy consumption of buildings. In addition, this paper also makes a brief analysis of the recycling of construction waste, and puts forward the corresponding strategic analysis of resource utilization. This paper designs an effective energy consumption measurement system by introducing the Internet of things technology into the building field.
Early Bronchodilator Reversibility Testing in a Morbidly Obese Population: Fluticasone/Salmeterol Efficacy Versus Salbutamol Bronchodilator
Authors: Ahmed Mona Ibrahim , Ahmed Randa Ibrahim , Osama Hasnaa , Khalifa Amira Karam , Alshehri Abdullah Ali , Batiha Gaber El-Saber , Negm Walaa A , Kamal Marwa
Published: March 2023

A positive response in reversibility testing is widely used to diagnose patients with airway limitations. However, despite its simple procedure, it doesn't accurately reflect the exact airway irreversibility. This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of early bronchodilation test using salbutamol and fluticasone/salmeterol combination in obese subjects.
The study included patients without a history of obstructive lung disease or bronchodilators. Sub-classification of patients based on body mass index (BMI) was carried out into normal (<24.9 kg/m2), overweight (25-29.9kg/m2), and obese (BMI≥30). Spirometry measurements were performed before and after salbutamol or fluticasone/salmeterol administration.
The study included 415 (49.9% male) patients with a mean age of 40.92±10.86 years. Obese subjects showed a high prevalence of restrictive patterns (23.4%), with non-significant lower spirometric values compared to normal and overweight subjects (p>0.05). The magnitude of bronchodilation, as identified by spirometry, following fluticasone/salmeterol was higher in all participants, with a significant increase in obese subjects with a p-value of 0.013, 0.002, and 0.035 for FEV1, FEV1% predicted and FEV1/FVC, respectively.
Fluticasone/salmeterol combination increases FEV1, FEV1% of predicted and FEV1/FVC ratio than the conventional test using salbutamol inhaler, and it can be a potential candidate for assessment of airway obstruction using reversibility test, especially among the obese population.
L3MBTL3 and active STAT3 collaboratively up-regulate SNAIL transcription to promote metastasis in breast cancer
Authors: Xiao Jianpeng , Wang Jie , Li Jialun , Xiao Jie , Liu Cuicui , Tan Libi , Tu Yanhong , Yang Ruifang , Pei Yujie , Wang Minghua , Wong Jiemin , Zhou Binhua , Li Jing , Feng Jing
Published: March 2023

Active STAT3 pathway promotes epithelial mesenchymal transition, migration, invasion and metastasis in cancer. STAT3 upregulates the transcription of epithelial mesenchymal transition key transcription factor SNAIL through DNA-binding independent way. However, the mechanism that how is STAT3 recruited to SNAIL promoter to upregulate transcription in DNA independent way is still unclear. In our study, we found a lysine methylated binding protein L3MBTL3 was positively associated with metastatic and poor prognosis in breast cancer. L3MBTL3 also promoted epithelial-mesenchymal transition, migration, invasion and metastasis in breast cancer. Mechanism analysis found L3MBTL3 interacted with active STAT3 and recruited active STAT3 on SNAIL promoter to up-regulated SNAIL transcription. The interaction between L3MBTL3 and active STAT3 was required for SNAIL transcription up-regulation, migration and invasion in breast cancer, while the methylated lysine binding activity of L3MBTL3 is not required for these functions. In conclusion, L3MBTL3 and active STAT3 collaboratively up-regulate SNAIL transcription to promote breast cancer metastasis.
Global economic impact of scuba dive tourism
Authors: Schuhbauer Anna , Favoretto Fabio , Wang Terrance , Aburto-Oropeza Octavio , Sala Enric , Millage Katherine , Cabral Reniel , Sumaila U. Rashid , Lucrezi Serena , Hsu Astrid , Tighsazzadeh Mohammad Nasir , Cruz Marisol Plascencia de la , Cisneros-Montemayor Andrés
Published: March 2023

Ecotourism presents an opportunity to provide equitable benefits to local communities; serve as a platform for environmental education; and can be leveraged to support conservation initiatives, shifting away from traditional mass tourism and other forms of unsustainable marine use. Marine ecotourism sectors, such as scuba diving, whale and shark watching are increasingly important for local economies but their aggregate benefits are often overlooked in global ocean economy discussions. Here, we present a first estimation of the global economic value of scuba diving, including 11,500 identified scuba dive operators across the world. Based on an online operator survey, we estimate global annual revenue (direct diving expenditure in 2019) at between 0.9–3.2 billion USD per year, and the broader economic impact (direct and indirect expenditure) at between 8.5 and 20.4 billion USD per year. Marine tourism is one of the largest sectors in the ocean economy, and with 8.9–13.6 million marine diving tourists worldwide supporting up to 124,000 jobs, the scuba diving sector could be at the forefront of transformative change for local and global ocean equity and sustainability.
Chatting with ChatGPT: Decoding the Mind of Chatbot Users and Unveiling the Intricate Connections between User Perception, Trust and Stereotype Perception on Self-Esteem and Psychological Well-being
Authors: Salah Mohammed , Alhalbusi Hussam , Ismail Maria Mohd , Abdelfattah Fadi
Published: March 2023

Artificial Intelligence (AI) technology has revolutionized how we interact with information and entertainment, with ChatGPT, a language model developed by OpenAI, one of its prominent applications. However, there is limited knowledge of the psychological impact of interacting with ChatGPT. This study investigates the relationships between trust in ChatGPT, user perception of ChatGPT, stereotype perception of ChatGPT, and two psychological outcomes: psychological well-being and self-esteem. The study hypothesizes that trust in ChatGPT, user perception of ChatGPT, and stereotype perception of ChatGPT have a positive direct relationship with self-esteem. Additionally, the study proposes that the relationship between trust in ChatGPT, user perception of ChatGPT, and psychological well-being is moderated by job anxiety. Using a survey design, data are collected from 732 participants and analyzed using SEM and SmartPLS analysis. The results indicated that stereotype perception of ChatGPT significantly predicts self-esteem, while user perception of ChatGPT and trust in ChatGPT have a positive direct relationship with self-esteem. The study also found that job anxiety moderates the relationship between user perception of ChatGPT and psychological well-being. The study provided important insights into the psychological effects of interacting with AI technology and highlighted the role of job anxiety in moderating these effects. These findings have implications for developing and using AI technology in various fields, such as mental health and human-robot interactions.
Rapid resistance profiling of SARS-CoV-2 protease inhibitors
Authors: Harris Reuben , Moghadasi Seyed , Biswas Rayhan , Harki Daniel
Published: March 2023

Resistance to nirmatrelvir (Paxlovid) has been shown by multiple groups and may already exist in clinical SARS-CoV-2 isolates. Here a panel of SARS-CoV-2 main protease (Mpro) variants and a robust cell-based assay are used to compare the resistance profiles of nirmatrelvir, ensitrelvir, and FB2001. The results reveal distinct resistance mechanisms (“fingerprints”) and indicate that these next-generation drugs have the potential to be effective against nirmatrelvir-resistant variants and vice versa.
WITHDRAWN: High-fat diet decreases anti-inflammatory activities due to the disturbance of hepatic lipid metabolism accompanied by intestinal microbiota and EGCG regulation in broilers
Authors: Dou Xiujing , Cui Ying , Wu Jiaqi , Zhang Man , Shan Anshan
Published: March 2023

Background:
Long or short-term high-fat diets often lead to adverse effects in the body, such as metabolic disorders, changes in the intestinal flora, and even cause inflammation. It also increases the risk of developing diseases like dyslipidemia, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and fatty liver disease. The inflammatory links between a high-fat diet and diseases are currently unknown entirely. (-) - Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), a major bioactive chemical substance extracted from green tea, is well-established in nutrient metabolism and lessens the occurrence. This study aims to demonstrate that high fat decreases disease tolerance, evaluate the alleviative effect of EGCG and explore the protective mechanism of EGCG from liver lipid metabolism and intestinal microflora.
Results:
We found that when broilers were fed a high-fat diet, they had symptoms such as liver hypertrophy, increased abdominal fat deposition, lipid metabolism disorder and changes in intestinal microbial structure. In addition, when broilers were fed with high fat for some time, lipopolysaccharide injection would expose more disadvantages of high fat, including increased oxidative damage and inflammatory damage. After administration of EGCG, liver hypertrophy, abdominal fat deposition, and liver lipid metabolism disorder were slowed down, and intestinal flora changes caused by a high-fat diet were regulated.
Conclusions:
The study showed that a high-fat diet decreases anti-inflammatory activities due to hepatic lipid metabolism and intestinal microbiota disturbances. EGCG alleviates the disorder of liver lipid metabolism and intestinal microbial structure in broilers, which is critical to maintaining lipid and microbial homeostasis during the pathogenesis of inflammation.
WITHDRAWN: Relative Importance Analysis Of Female Factors In Total Labor Force Participation
Authors: HUSNUOGLU Nadide , ODA Volkan
Published: March 2023

In this article, the effect of especially female factors on total labor force participation (LFP) is analyzed. The LFP rate shows the population willing to work. The high rate of this rate affects the economic growth and development and the welfare level of the country. Studies carried out to date have examined the factors affecting female LFP or total LFP. In this study, factors such as fertility, women's education, and dependency ratio on the total LFP are discussed more than the others. Again, unlike the literature, participation in the total workforce was analyzed with the Garson algorithm and artificial neural networks (ANN). As a result of the analyzes made, it has been obtained that the LFP rate follows a U-shaped path. It has been determined that the fertility rate (23.34%) has the maximum effect on LFP, and that ANN give very successful results in the estimation of the available data.
Interactome analysis of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus glycoproteins reveals HAX1 as a host restriction factor against the virion packaging
Authors: Dai Shiyu , Li Qi , Feng Kuan , Min Yuan-Qin , Jiang Zhenyu , Ren Fuli , Fang Yaohui , Zhang Jingyuan , Zhu Qiong , Wang Manli , Wang Hualin , Deng Fei , Ning Yun-Jia
Published: March 2023

Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV) is a biosafety level-4 and World Health Organization-recognized priority pathogen requiring urgent Research & Development attention. The glycoproteins of CCHFV, Gn and Gc, are considered to play multiple roles in the viral life cycle by interactions with host cells; however, these interactions remain largely unclear to date. Here, we analyzed the cellular interactomes of CCHFV glycoproteins by affinity purification-quantitative mass spectrometry and identified 45 host proteins as high-confidence Gn/Gc interactors. These host molecules are involved in transmembrane transport, metabolism, oxidative stress, protein folding and glycosylation, etc., in line with the potential physiological actions of the viral glycoproteins. As a proof of principle, we detailedly elucidated the role of an identified cellular protein, HAX1, and therefore uncovered an interesting host antiviral strategy. HAX1 interacts with Gn by its C-terminus, while its N-terminal region leads to mitochondrial localization. By the strong interaction, HAX1 sequestrates Gn to mitochondria, thus depriving Gn of its normal Golgi localization that is indispensable for functional glycoprotein-mediated progeny virion packaging. Consistently, the notable inhibitory activity of HAX1 against viral packaging and hence propagation was further elucidated in the contexts of pseudotyped and authentic CCHFV infections by series of loss/gain-of-function assays in cellular and animal infection models. Together, the findings not only provide a systematic CCHFV Gn/Gc-host protein-protein interaction map, but also unravel a novel cellular antiviral mechanism, which may facilitate further studies on CCHFV biology and therapeutic approaches.
A Procedural Approach for Finding Kinetic Parameters of Polypropylene Gasification in Super Critical Water Using Genetic Algorithm
Authors: Gomaa Islam , Zanoni Marco , Butler James , Lotfi Samira
Published: March 2023

Plastic gasification under super critical conditions could yield a wide range of hydrocarbons depending on operating conditions. Phenomenological models describing such process involve multiple competing reaction routes. Different reaction mechanisms and kinetic parameters could be used to model the process. Introduced in this study, is a robust/procedural approach for finding the kinetic parameters. In this approach, genetic algorithm is utilized to find the rate constants at specific temperatures prior to finding the kinetic parameters (pre-exponential factor and activation energy). Rate constants are obtained sequentially, starting with the highest temperature and ending with the lowest temperature. Then, linear regression is used to calculate the kinetic parameters for all reactions. Values of kinetic parameters, obtained via linear regression, are used to set the limits for the genetic algorithm to find more accurate values of the kinetic parameters. The relative/normalized deviation, from the original data (main species concentration versus residence time), using this approach is 1.2%. The respective normalized deviation using linear regression was 2.7%.
Time to blood pressure control and predictors among patients receiving integrated treatment for hypertension and HIV based on an adapted WHO HEARTS implementation strategy at a large urban HIV clinic in Uganda
Authors: Amutuhaire Willington , Semitala Fred , Kimera Isaac , Namugenyi Christabellah , Mulindwa Frank , Ssenyonjo Rebecca , Katwesigye Rodgers , Mugabe Frank , Mutungi Gerald , Ssinabulya Isaac , Schwartz Jeremy , Katahoire Anne , Musoke Lewis , Yendewa George , Longenecker Chris , Muddu Martin
Published: March 2023

In this cohort study, we determined time to blood pressure (BP) control and its predictors among hypertensive PLHIV enrolled in integrated hypertension-HIV care based on the World Health Organization (WHO) HEARTS strategy at Mulago Immunosuppression Clinic in Uganda. From August 2019 to March 2020, we enrolled hypertensive PLHIV aged \(\ge\)18 years and initiated Amlodipine 5mg mono-therapy for BP (140–159)/(90–99) mmHg or Amlodipine 5mg/Valsartan 80mg duo-therapy for BP ≥ 160/90mmHg. Patients were followed with a treatment escalation plan until BP control, defined as BP < 140/90 mmHg. We used Cox proportional hazards models to identify predictors of time to BP control. Of 877 PLHIV enrolled (mean age 50.4 years, 62.1% female), 30% received mono-therapy and 70% received duo-therapy. In the monotherapy group, 66%, 88% and 96% attained BP control in the first, second and third months, respectively. For patients on duo-therapy, 56%, 83%, 88% and 90% achieved BP control in the first, second, third, and fourth months, respectively. In adjusted Cox proportional hazard analysis, higher systolic BP (aHR 0.995, 95% CI 0.989–0.999) and baseline ART tenofovir/lamivudine/efavirenz (aHR 0.764, 95% CI 0.637–0.917) were associated with longer time to BP control, while being on ART for > 10 years was associated with a shorter time to BP control (aHR 1.456, 95% CI 1.126–1.883). The WHO HEARTS strategy was effective at achieving timely BP control among PLHIV. Additionally, monotherapy anti-hypertensive treatment for stage I hypertension is a viable option to achieve BP control and limit pill burden in resource limited HIV care settings.
Dapagliflozin Attenuates NLRP3/Caspase-1 Signaling Pathway-Mediated Pyroptosis of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells by Down-regulating CTSB
Authors: Li Hui , Zhao Quanwei , Liu Danan , Zhou Bo , Gong Caiwei , Zhao Guangjian
Published: March 2023

Background
•Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease.Pyroptosis triggers and amplifies the inflammatory response and plays an important role in AS.Cathepsin B (CTSB) canpromote AS and activate NLRP3 to mediate pyroptosis.Dapagliflozin (DAPA) can inhibit cell pyroptosis to improve AS.This study aimed to explore the effect of DAPA on oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL)-induced pyroptosis of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs)and its underlying mechanism.
Methods
• VSMCs were transfected with cathepsin B (CTSB)-overexpressing and -silencing lentiviral vectors.Then,VSMCs were treated with different concentrations of ox-LDL ( 0,50,100,150µg/ml ), Hoechst33342/PI double staining and LDH release assay were used to detect cell pyroptosis.After VSMCs were treated with different concentrations of DAPA ( 0.1µM, 1.0µM, 5.0µM, 10µM, 25µM, 50µM ), the proliferation activity of VSMCs was detected by CCK8 method.On the basis of ox-LDL-induced VSMCs pyroptosis, DAPA intervention, overexpression and silencing of CTSB were used to observe the effects of DAPA and CTSB on Ox-LDL-mediated VSMCs pyroptosis.
Results
• 1) VSMCs stably transfected with CTSB-overexpressing and -silencing lentiviruses were obtained, 150 µg/mL was the optimal concentration of ox-LDL for inducing pyroptosis of VSMCs, and 0.1 µM was the optimal concentration of DAPA for ameliorating pyroptosis of VSMCs. 2) Ox-LDL-induced pyroptosis of VSMCs was worsened by overexpression of CTSB but suppressed by silencing of CTSB. 3) DAPA attenuated ox-LDL-induced pyroptosis of VSMCs through down-regulating CTSB and NLRP3. 4) Overexpression of CTSB based on DAPA intervention aggravated ox-LDL-induced pyroptosis of VSMCs.
Conclusion
• DAPA attenuates NLRP3/caspase-1 pathway-mediated pyroptosis of VSMCs through down-regulating CTSB.
BMI (35-39.9 kg/m2) is associated with a significantly lower risk of cardiovascular morbidity compared with a normal BMI
Authors: Hong Mengjie , Chang Yafei , Jiang Peipei , Sun Ling , Ma Yitong , Ma Xiang , Yuan Qinghua
Published: March 2023

Objective
Obesity has been considered as a major risk factor for coronary heart disease (CHD), but the association between CHD and the degree of obesity is unclear. The objective of this study is to explore these relationships.
Methods
A total of 8299 patients from Xinjiang, China were enrolled in this study. BMI was categorized as normal (18.5–24.9 kg/m2), overweight (25.0–29.9 kg/m2), obesity class I (30.0–34.9 kg/m2), class II (35.0–39.9 kg/m2) and class III (≥ 40 kg/m2). We used logistic regression models to investigate differences in CHD risk between BMI categories and performed subgroup analysis in post-menopausal women.
Results
In this study, 62.1% of patients were overweight or obese, and only 37.9% had normal BMI. Logistic regression analysis showed that age [OR = 1.04, 95%CI (1.04–1.05), P < 0.01], and diabetes Yes vs. No [OR = 2.27, 95%CI (1.88–2.74), P < 0.01] might be independent predictors of CHD. Alcohol consumption Yes vs. No [OR = 0.70, 95%CI (0.56–0.88), P < 0.01] may decrease the risk of CHD. Lower risk was found in the obesity class II (BMI 35.0–39.9 kg/m2) group [OR = 0.62, 95%CI (0.41–0.93), P = 0.02] compare to people with normal weight. Postmenopausal women with a BMI of 35.0–39.9 kg/m2 also had a lower risk for CHD compared to women with normal weight.
Conclusion
We found that individuals with lower BMI might not necessarily have a lower risk for CHD, obese individuals with BMI between 35-39.9 kg/m2 might have a lower CHD risk compared to individuals who are of normal weight. Obesity evaluation and CHD risk prediction should require a more comprehensive assessment.
Eyes in the sky on Tigray - Monitoring the impact of armed conflict on cultivated land using satellite imagery in Ethiopia
Authors: Weldegebriel Liya , Negash Emnet , Nyssen Jan , Lobell David
Published: March 2023

The war in Tigray, Ethiopia has displaced millions of people and created a humanitarian crisis. However, the impacts of the conflict on cultivated land area and local food production remains poorly quantified, hindering aid efforts. We used Sentinel-2 satellite imagery and developed multiple cultivation detection criteria based on Normalized Difference Vegetation Index time series validated using field observations from 2021 and 2022. Significant net losses of well cultivated land in highland croplands (elevation ≥ 1200 m) were observed between 2019/20 (pre-war) and 2021 (in-war), with greater losses in areas with higher density of conflict incidents. Sub-regions with high estimated loss of well cultivated land also exhibited high numbers of internally displaced people (IDP), consistent with a causal effect of the conflict on land abandonment. Our study estimated that the kilocalories lost due to abandonment of croplands (excluding Western Tigray zone) could have supported about 1.2 times the recorded IDPs in the region.
Load Bearing Properties of Environment Friendly Green Pea Pod Cellulose Toughened Sunn Hemp Polyester Composite
Authors: Alshahrani Hassan , VR Arun Prakash
Published: March 2023

This study focuses to develop an environmental friendly polymer composite for various technological applications. The primary objective of this study was to determine the load bearing effect of green pea pod cellulose addition into the polyester resin along with sunn hemp fiber. The microcrystalline cellulose was developed from the waste green pea pods and the composites were fabricated using hand layup method. The results revealed that adding 2 and 35 vol.% of cellulose and fibre increased the tensile strength, tensile modulus, flexural strength, hardness, Izod impact, and ILSS for PSC3 composite by 136 MPa, 3.85 GPa, 190 MPa, 5.72 GPa, 83 Shore-D, 4.77 J, and 27.4 MPa respectively. Moreover, the composite PSC3 gave maximum fatigue life counts of 30862, 28041 and 24384 for 30%, 60%, and 90% of UTS. The composite designated as PSC3 which has cellulose contains of 2.0 vol.% was found to significantly increase the storage modulus. Similarly, the drop load impact testing demonstrated that composite PSC3 shows the highest energy absorption up to 12.2 J. SEM fractograph revealed improvement in toughness as well as enhanced fiber-matrix interface. These load bearing properties improved eco-friendly composites could preferable in industrial, automotive, defence, aero structure and domestic architectural applications with high environmental safety concern.
Blockchain machine learning based personal health record data analysis with smart decentralization and security enhancement
Authors: Shah Harshal , Rai Keerti , Singh Deepti , Gupta Sachin , B.R Sampangirama Reddy , TRIPATHI RAMESH CHANDRA
Published: March 2023

An essential component of a patient's follow-up is a medical record. It includes opinions, prescriptions, analyses, and all patient data of healthcare professionals. Process of sharing as well as managing this file involves a number of players, including patient, doctor, and pharmacist. Electronic medical record (EMR) can be accessed by any authorized individual from any location, and data are shared among various health service providers. Using blockchain machine learning techniques, this study proposes a novel method for personal health records (PHR) -based data analysis and network security enhancement. Variational Boltzmann spatio encoder neural networks were utilized for the data analysis of personal health records. The decentralized blockchain architecture enhances network security. Based on network security and data analysis, the experimental analysis is conducted in terms of random accuracy 81%, specificity55%, latency 62%, QoS 52%, and computational cost 41%.