bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Immunoadjuvant-functionalized metal–organic frameworks: synthesis and applications in tumor immune modulation
Authors: Zhao Chen , Song Weihua , Wang Jianing , Tang Xiaoying , Jiang Zhenqi
Published: December 2024

This review explores the synthesis, drug loading, and surface modifications of metal–organic frameworks (MOFs), highlighting their role in improving cancer immunotherapy and paving the way for safer and more effective treatments.
Influence of media on the matured calcite-to-vaterite phase transformation in the presence of Symphytum officinale
Authors: Pampi Ligang , Das Gopal
Published: December 2024

The impact of Symphytum officinale on the transformation of mature calcite into vaterite in different environments is investigated. The resulting vaterite demonstrated excellent stability. This study closely simulates physiological conditions.
Elucidating the mechanism behind the significant changes in photoluminescence behavior after powder compression into a tablet
Authors: Lei Xiaoping , Wu Qingfeng , Zhang Xiangxi , Zhou Qing , Yi Lingmin
Published: December 2024

The photoluminescence emission behavior of d-(+)-cellobiose powder and tablets was explained in detail from a new perspective of cluster formation, providing an effective strategy for studying the solution photoluminescence emission behavior.
Ion pairing in aqueous tetramethylammonium–acetate solutions by neutron scattering and molecular dynamics simulations
Authors: Le Nguyen Ngoc Lan , Tichacek Ondrej , Jungwirth Pavel , Martinez-Seara Hector , Mason Philip E. , Duboué-Dijon Elise
Published: December 2024

Ion pairing in TMA-acetate solutions is probed by combining neutron scattering with isotopic substitution (NDIS) with force field and ab initio molecular dynamics (MD) simulations.
Recent advances and design strategies for organic afterglow agents to enhance autofluorescence-free imaging performance
Authors: Zhu Jieli , Zhao Liangyou , An Weihao , Miao Qingqing
Published: December 2024

Organic afterglow luminescence can emit light long after the cessation of irradiation, enabling autofluorescence-free in vivo imaging with high signal-to-background ratios (SBRs).
Assessing conditions favoring the survival of African dust-borne microorganisms during long-range transport across the tropical Atlantic
Authors: Mardi Ali Hossein , Hilario Miguel Ricardo A. , Hanlon Regina , González Martín Cristina , Schmale David , Sorooshian Armin , Foroutan Hosein
Published: December 2024

Shorter travel distance, lower solar radiation and higher relative humidity create a more suitable environment for the survivability of microorganisms onboard dust plumes traveling across the Atlantic Ocean from December to February.
Low-cost, resilient, and non-flammable rechargeable Fe-ion batteries with scalable fabrication and long cycle life
Authors: Zhang Yufan , Lee Chi Ho , Islam Md Zahidul , Kwon Joseph Sang-Il , Yu Choongho
Published: December 2024

Fe-ion batteries durably deliver 225 mA h g−1 for 27 000 cycles, offering non-flammable, cost-effective energy storage solutions using innovative PANI/CNT cathodes and carbon steel anodes, along with theoretical insights into working mechanisms.
Fingerprinting the emissions of volatile organic compounds emitted from the cooking of oils, herbs, and spices
Authors: Kumar Ashish , O'Leary Catherine , Winkless Ruth , Thompson Matthew , Davies Helen L. , Shaw Marvin , Andrews Stephen J. , Carslaw Nicola , Dillon Terry J.
Published: December 2024

Real-time measurements of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) reveal the chemical fingerprints of cooking oils, herbs, and spices, offering insights into their impact on indoor air quality and pollutant exposure.
Boosting the energy storage performance of BCZT-based capacitors by constructing a Schottky contact
Authors: Sun Zixiong , Xin Haoyang , Diwu Liming , Wang Zhanhua , Tian Ye , Jing Hongmei , Wang Xiuli , Hu Wanbiao , Hu Yongming , Wang Zhuo
Published: December 2024

Oxygen vacancies were introduced to form a Schottky contact, redistributing the electric field in the BCZT-based multilayers. This improved the voltage endurance of BCZT/BCZT-OD//(1P), leading to an enhanced Wrec.
Integrating OMICS-based platforms and analytical tools for diagnosis and management of pancreatic cancer: a review
Authors: Sousa Patrícia , Silva Laurentina , Câmara José S. , Guedes de Pinho Paula , Perestrelo Rosa
Published: December 2024

Integrating OMICS-based platforms and analytical tools for diagnosis and management of pancreatic cancer.
Synthesis of thiocarbonyl analogues of colourimetric coumarin-based chemosensors: altering the selectivity from Fe to Hg(ii) and Cu(ii) ions
Authors: Schoeman Stiaan , Mama Neliswa , Myburgh Lisa
Published: December 2024

In this study, we showed that by changing a carbonyl oxygen into its thiocarbonyl analogue, using Lawesson’s Reagent, one can alter the chemosensor’s selectivity towards metal ions.
Sulfur functionalized diamondoid phosphines enable building nanocomposites interfacing sp3-carbon and gold nanolayers
Authors: Bouzid Moad , Poinsot Didier , Mboyi Clève D. , Ochmann Lukas , Domenichini Bruno , Schreiner Peter R. , Hierso Jean-Cyrille
Published: December 2024

The mild chemical vapor deposition of the complex MeAuPMe3 enables gold coating on a vapor phase-assembled sulfide-phosphine diamantanol, which serves as a suitable substrate for oxidation-resistant metal–organic nanocomposite formation.
Advances and applications of dynamic surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) for single molecule studies
Authors: Zou Yanqiu , Jin Huaizhou , Ma Qifei , Zheng Zhenrong , Weng Shukun , Kolataj Karol , Acuna Guillermo , Bald Ilko , Garoli Denis
Published: December 2024

Dynamic SERS is a promising tool to capture in situ molecular fingerprints in complex chemical and biological systems, with continuously evolving sensitivity and temporal resolution.
Multifunctional iron–cobalt heterostructure (FeCoHS) electrocatalysts: accelerating sustainable hydrogen generation through efficient water electrolysis and urea oxidation
Authors: Gayathri Arunagiri , Ashok Venkatachalam , Jayabharathi Jayaraman , Thiruvengadam Dhanasingh , Thanikachalam Venugopal
Published: December 2024

Using an ideal synthetic strategy, we constructed an outstanding multifunctional electrocatalyst for UOR, OER, HER, and seawater splitting.
Polymerization-induced self-assembly mediated by vinyl-functionalized macromolecular chain transfer agents: a straightforward approach to prepare cross-linked block copolymer nanoparticles with tunable morphologies
Authors: Huang Honggao , Luo Liwei , Zhang Li , Tan Jianbo
Published: December 2024

A series of vinyl-functionalized macromolecular chain transfer agents were synthesized by RAFT solution polymerization and employed in RAFT dispersion polymerization to prepare cross-linked polymer nanoparticles with diverse morphologies.
Effective electrocatalysts for hydrogen production from acetic acid by screening of monodentate ligands in cationic diiron hetero-carbyne complexes
Authors: Biancalana Lorenzo , Gualandi Isacco , Zacchini Stefano , Martelli Giulia , Scavetta Erika , Zanotti Valerio , Mazzoni Rita , Marchetti Fabio
Published: December 2024

The appropriate selection of monodentate and bridging ligands in diiron bis-cyclopentadienyl complexes of type [Fe2Cp2(CO)(L)(μ-CO)(μ-CX)]+ is key to obtain efficient electrocatalysts for the hydrogen evolution reaction.
Ultrasonic synthesis of 2D doped metal hydroxides from liquid metals for rare humidity sensing application
Authors: Liang Yi , Li Zhong , Tang Tao , Wang Xuan Xing , Cheng Yin Fen , Zhuang Jing Hao , Shen Lin , Lin Qing Jin , Jannat Azmira , Ou Rui , Ou Jian Zhen
Published: December 2024

Based on liquid phase ultrasound technology, two-dimensional Bi-doped In(OH)3 nanosheets with atomic-level thickness were successfully prepared from liquid eutectic alloy E-BiIn, and the rare sensing application of hydroxides has been verified.
Expression of concern: Optimized Cu-doping in ZnO electro-spun nanofibers for enhanced photovoltaic performance in perovskite solar cells and photocatalytic dye degradation
Authors: Lee Kang Hoon , Farheen Rabeea , Arshad Zafar , Ali Mumtaz , Hassan Hamza , Alshareef Mubark , Dahshan A. , Khalid Usama
Published: December 2024

Expression of concern for ‘Optimized Cu-doping in ZnO electro-spun nanofibers for enhanced photovoltaic performance in perovskite solar cells and photocatalytic dye degradation’ by Kang Hoon Lee et al., RSC Adv., 2024, 14, 15391–15407, https://doi.org/10.1039/D4RA01544D.
Structured internals for the intensified Fischer–Tropsch synthesis in fixed-bed reactors
Authors: Boymans Evert , Ganjkhanlou Yadolah , Denneman Marco , Sutens Ben , Lefevere Jasper , Grootjes Sander
Published: December 2024

Conventional fixed-bed reactors with conductive internals have shown excellent heat management in the Fischer–Tropsch synthesis, enabling much higher liquid productivity by avoiding thermal runaway.
Radiation-induced aerobic oxidation via solvent-derived peroxyl radicals
Authors: Xu Yang , Mu Bo-Shuai , Tu Zhiyu , Liang Weiqiu , Li Jiahao , Sang Ziyang , Liu Zhibo
Published: December 2024

Solvent-derived peroxyl radicals (RsolOO·), a new group of reactive oxygen species (ROS), enable the radiation-induced aerobic oxidation strategy.
DNA lesion-gated dumbbell nanodevices enable on-demand activation of the cGAS-STING pathway for enhancing cancer immunotherapy
Authors: Zhao Mei-Ling , Lei Yan-Mei , Tang Jing-Yi , Li Wen , Cao Xin-Yu , Liang Wen-Bin , Yuan Ruo , Yang Chaoyong , Zhuo Ying
Published: December 2024

We developed a uracil base lesion-gated dumbbell DNA nanodevice (UBLE) that allows on-demand activation and termination of the cGAS-STING pathway in tumor cells, affording a precise and reliable avenue to enhance cancer immunotherapy.
Uncovering ZnS growth behavior and morphology control for high-performance aqueous Zn–S batteries
Authors: Wang Sibo , Wu Wanlong , Jiang Quanwei , Li Chen , Shi Hua-Yu , Liu Xiao-Xia , Sun Xiaoqi
Published: December 2024

A salt anion dependent growth behavior of ZnS in aqueous Zn–S batteries is revealed. The 3D morphology obtained with the electrolyte containing a high donor number anion ensures the excellent electrochemical activity of the cathode.
Fast synthesis of Cu@zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8) derived Cu/ZnO catalysts via a facile mechanical grinding method for CO2 hydrogenation to methanol
Authors: Chen Fei , Liu Siyu , Huang Hao , Wang Bo , Liu Zhihao , Jiang Xiuyun , Xiang Wenjie , Yang Guohui , Liu Guangbo , Peng Xiaobo , Zhang Zhenzhou , Liu Zhongyi , Tsubaki Noritatsu
Published: December 2024

The preparation of Cu@ZIF-8 derived Cu/ZnO catalysts via a facile mechanical grinding method for methanol synthesis from CO2 hydrogenation.
General access to furan-substituted gem-difluoroalkenes enabled by PFTB-promoted cross-coupling of ene-yne-ketones and difluorocarbene
Authors: Li Na , Li Chenghui , Zhou Qianying , Zhang Xin , Deng Zhouming , Jiang Zhong-Xing , Yang Zhigang
Published: December 2024

An efficient method for the tandem cyclization cross-coupling of conjugated ene-yne-ketones with difluorocarbene via PFTB promotion is described, providing facile access to diverse furan-substituted difluoroalkenes with potential antitumor potency.
Exploring the stability and protonic conductivity in W- and Mo-substituted LaNbO4 under a reducing atmosphere
Authors: Huang Kehan , Han Yidong , Isaacs Mark A. , Skinner Stephen J.
Published: December 2024

Proton incorporation under reducing conditions is reported for LaNbO4 based phases, with structural and electrochemical data highlighting a complex interplay of ionic and electronic carriers as a function of substituent (W or Mo) and pO2.
High-resolution electron microscopy imaging of MOFs at optimized electron dose
Authors: Kavak Safiyye , Jannis Daen , De Backer Annick , Esteban Daniel Arenas , Annys Arno , Carrasco Sergio , Ferrando-Ferrero Javier , Guerrero Raúl M. , Horcajada Patricia , Verbeeck Jo , Van Aert Sandra , Bals Sara
Published: December 2024

Electron dose thresholds were analyzed for pristine and metalated PCN-222 MOFs. RiCOM images from low-dose 4D-STEM experiment data sets, reveal structural details, allowing investigation of local features while minimizing beam-induced damage.
Anchoring Co–Fe alloy nano-grains on carbon fibers by an in situ alloying strategy to boost the catalytic performance for rapid oxidative degradation of emerging contaminants
Authors: Yang Man , Cheng Xianghan , Geng Fengting , Han Wenyuan , Niu Ping , Xie Long , Li Zhen , Zhang Yong-Zheng , Zhang Da-Shuai , Xu Jing , Zhang Xiuling , Geng Longlong
Published: December 2024

Advanced oxidation is regarded as the most promising pathway for the purification of hard-to-degrade contaminants.
Open‐set recognition of specific emitter based on complex‐valued convolutional neural network
Authors: Sun Chengyuan , Zhang Tao , Du Yihang , Zhang Jiang
Published: December 2024

Specific emitter identification (SEI) plays an important role in enhancing physical layer transmission security. However, with the promotion of wireless technology, the environment is filled with a large number of unknown wireless signals. SEI will face a more challenging scenario referred to as “open set.” To cope with the above difficulties, an open‐set recognition (OSR) model based on complex‐valued convolutional neural network (CVCNN) is proposed. The CVCNN can adapt to IQ signal input and extract complex domain features. Furthermore, a novel inter‐class loss is proposed to effectively improve the classification performance. Finally, the classifier is designed based on the incremental approach. It can continuously learn new classes to achieve the recognition of multiple unknown emitters. The experiments show that compared with the real‐valued convolutional neural network and the single loss function, the accuracy is improved by 3.8% and 10%, respectively.
Massive stellar triples on the edge
Authors: Bruenech C. W. , Boekholt T. , Kummer F. , Toonen S.
Published: December 2024

Context. Massive stars reside predominantly in triples or higher-order multiples. Their lives can be significantly affected by three-body interactions, making it an important area of study in the context of massive-star evolution.

Aims. We intend to provide a statistical overview of the lives and final outcomes of massive triples that are born dynamically stable but become unstable due to evolutionary processes.

Methods. We evolved a population of initially stable triples with a massive primary star from the zero-age main sequence (ZAMS) using the code TRES, which combines stellar evolution (SE) with orbit-averaged dynamics. The triples that become unstable were transferred to a direct N-body code, where they were simulated until the system disintegrated. This excludes systems undergoing mass transfer, where the instability is caused by stellar winds or supernova explosions. We performed two suites of N-body simulations; one with gravity as the only interaction, and one with SE included.

Results. We find that our triples remain on the edge of stability for a long time before disintegrating, making SE a consequential process during this phase. Eventually, the destabilisation results in either the ejection of a stellar body or the collision between two components. We find that collisions occur in 35 − 40% of systems, with the variation in this percentage coming from whether or not SE is included. The collisions predominantly involve two main sequence (MS) stars (70 − 78%) or a MS and post-MS star (13 − 28%). We estimate the Galactic rate of collisions due to massive triple destabilisation to be at 1.1 − 1.3 events per million years. Furthermore, we find that the process of destabilisation often ends in the ejection of one of the stellar bodies, specifically for 31 − 40% of systems. The ejected bodies have typical velocities of ∼6 km/s, with a tail stretching to 102 km/s. If we make the assumption that 20% of massive stars are runaway stars, then 0.1% of runaways originate from triple destabilisation. Overall, our simulations show that triple instability affects approximately 2% of massive triples. However, we estimate that up to ten times as many systems can become unstable due to mass transfer in the inner binary, and these system may end up ejecting bodies at higher velocities.
Pre-straining effect on ferrite/pearlite anisotropic transformation strain in steels
Authors: Otsuka Takayuki , Brenner Renald , Bacroix Brigitte
Published: December 2024

The effect of pre-straining on ferrite/pearlite phase transformation in high strength steels is investigated. Two steels differing mainly in their Nb content (0.03C 0.68Si 1.82Mn 0.00 or 0.04Nb in mass%) are either pre-tensioned or pre-compressed and the same-directional transformation strain is measured. A crystal plasticity fast Fourier transform numerical model with back stress effect is used for further investigation and the results are compared. Experimentally, it was found that 30% pre-tension reduces the transformation strain in the same direction by 0.09% (0.00Nb) and 0.13% (0.04Nb), while 30% pre-compression increases it by 0.16% (0.00Nb) and 0.02% (0.04Nb). The numerical simulation estimates the experimentally observed anisotropic transformation strain. In the numerical simulation, even though the anisotropy in transformation plasticity has been qualitatively reproduced, a larger anisotropy effect was observed. The quantitative discrepancies found in between experimental results and numerical results are due to the annihilation of dislocations during the interval between the pre-straining and the onset of phase transformation. The anisotropy in transformation strain found in the experiments is large enough to cause an unacceptable dimensional change in e.g. heat treated steel sheet products.
Advanced machine learning for optimal parameter prediction in friction stir processing of Al-6061 alloy with alumina nanoparticle reinforcement
Authors: Kumar Ravi , Bhardwaj Sushil , Kumar Neeraj , Chopra Ranjeev Kumar , Mehra Monika , Saini Satish
Published: December 2024

This study investigates the effects of friction stir processing (FSP) on Al-6061 aluminium alloy, reinforced with aluminium oxide nanoparticles. Using a CNC milling machine, various processing factors such as feed rate, number of passes, and rotational speed were explored to understand their influence on the ultimate and yield strengths, natural frequencies, and damping ratios of the samples. The processed data properties were predicted using a sophisticated machine learning technique called SRS-optimized long short-term memory (LSTME). Friction stir processing significantly enhances damping characteristics by refining the grain structure. Increasing rotational speed and traverse speed improve damping properties and mechanical characteristics. The addition of alumina nanoparticles further enhances the dampening capabilities of the material. The highest level of damping efficiency was seen when the rotational speed was set at 900 rpm for all measured passes. With an increasing number of passes as an FSP parameter, there is a decrease in the shear modulus and natural frequency, while the loss factor and damping ratio experience an increase. Higher rotational speeds generate additional thermal energy, resulting in stronger materials due to grain breakdown and increased resistance to deformation. This finer grain structure, resulting from higher rotational speeds, leads to stronger materials and higher yield strength. The developed machine learning model achieved impressive R2 values: 0.911 for ultimate strength (UTS), 0.951 for yield strength (YS), 0.953 for natural frequency, and 0.985 for damping ratio. Higher rotational speeds result in stronger materials, with a significant increase in yield strength attributed to finer grain structures.
Blood loss in one-stage bilateral total knee arthroplasty: cruciate-retaining vs. posterior stabilized. A propensity score-matched analysis
Authors: Laoruengthana Artit , Tantimethanon Thanawat , Santisathaporn Nopparat , Inta-ngam Thisayapong , Pongpirul Krit , Rattanaprichavej Piti
Published: December 2024

Introduction: Although single-stage bilateral total knee arthroplasty (BTKA) presents several advantages, higher perioperative blood loss is a potentiate drawback that is still inevitable. Cruciate retaining (CR) TKA may theoretically result in less blood loss, offer better proprioception, and more physiologic kinematics compared to posterior stabilized (PS) TKA. The objective of this study was to compare perioperative blood loss and recovery among patients who underwent CR and PS BTKA. Methods: A cohort of 46 CR BTKA and 80 PS BTKA performed by a single surgeon were retrospectively evaluated. Identical surgical techniques and perioperative care were provided to all patients. Propensity score matching was utilized to compare blood loss, a visual analog scale (VAS) for postoperative pain level, morphine consumption, knee flexion arc, and length of stay (LOS). Results: Comparing CR BTKA and PS BTKA, drain output was 206.44 mL vs. 194.89 mL (p = 0.47), calculated blood loss was 886.23 mL vs. 724.89 mL (p = 0.05), and blood transfusion rate was 18% vs. 17% (p = 1.00). Additionally, CR BTKA had higher VAS than PS BTKA, at 6 h: 5.74 vs. 3.78 (p < 0.001), and at 12 h: 5.80 vs. 4.74 (p = 0.02). CR BTKA group had higher morphine consumption (26.87 mg vs. 19.74 mg; p = 0.01) in the first 48 h. CR BTKA showed significantly less knee flexion angle during 48–72 h postoperative. Conclusions: The use of the CR prosthesis in BTKA could not demonstrate a superiority over the PS design in terms of blood loss, and recovery of knee function during the acute postoperative period.
The Pillars Concept: An Approach for Managing Hypertrophic Concha in Otoplasty
Authors: Neves José Carlos , Arancibia-Tagle Diego
Published: December 2024

Prominent ear deformities often result from a combination of hypertrophic conchal cartilage and an underdeveloped antihelical fold. Traditional otoplasty techniques, such as antihelical folding sutures and conchal setback maneuvers, may introduce tension and risk of relapse, leading to suboptimal aesthetic outcomes. The Pillars Concept represents an alternative surgical approach specifically designed to address hypertrophic concha, ensuring stable and natural results.

This study aimed to present the Pillars Concept as an alternative method for correcting hypertrophic conchal cartilage, highlighting its advantages over traditional techniques, and evaluating its effectiveness in maintaining long-term stability of the ear's position without relapse.

A retrospective analysis was conducted on 89 patients who underwent otoplasty utilizing the Pillars Concept. The technique involves selective transection of two supporting pillars located in the superior and inferior conchal regions after partial resection of the hypertrophic concha. This releases the conchal cartilage and enables tension-free repositioning of the auricular framework.

Of the 89 cases, no hypertrophic concha recurrences were noted during follow-up periods. Complications were minimal, with only two patients (2.2%) experiencing a sensation of “glued ears” following complete conchal resection. Retroauricular fullness was observed in two cases (2.2%) after conchal setback, primarily due to inadequate management of the residual cartilage length. Patient satisfaction was high, and the natural aesthetic of the auricle was consistently preserved.

The Pillars Concept provides a reliable, tension-free method for addressing hypertrophic conchal cartilage in otoplasty, preserving the natural ear anatomy and ensuring long-term stability without the risk of relapse. This technique should be considered a valuable addition to the armamentarium of otoplasty procedures.
Arachnoid Cyst as a Late Complication of Selective Dorsal Rhizotomy: A Case Report
Authors: van Noort Maya T. , van Schie Paul , Slot K. Mariam , van de Pol Laura A. , Buizer Annemieke I. , de Groot Vincent
Published: December 2024

Background and importance Selective dorsal rhizotomy (SDR) is a surgical technique to treat spasticity, mainly in children with spastic cerebral palsy (CP). In this report, a unique case of a late arachnoid cyst, causing radiating pain in the left leg, is presented. This is relevant to clinicians managing the long-term follow-up of patients who underwent selective dorsal rhizotomy (SDR).

Clinical presentation A 25-year-old male with bilateral spastic CP, who underwent SDR at the age of 7, presented with symptoms of progressive radiating pain in the left leg. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed the presence of a large arachnoid cyst and a remarkable dorsal position of the cauda equina. After dissection of the cyst, the previously experienced radiating pain immediately subsided; however, the patient developed urinary retention and constipation. Cauda compression was ruled out by MRI. The constipation subsided quickly, and the patient performed self-catheterization until 1 month postoperatively for the urinary retention after which there were no signs of ongoing bladder dysfunction.

Conclusion Arachnoid cyst formation can be a late complication of SDR and can cause lumbosacral radicular syndrome in the late postoperative course in select cases.
Digestive endoscopic removal of cocaine pellets: Safety evaluation
Authors: Aboikoni Alolia , Wallyn Marion , Bonifay Timothée , Chhorn Piseth , Sylla Balandougou , Alogo A Nwatsok Marthe , Becar Alix , Ngock Dime Paul , Nguyen Thi Thu Nga , Fremery Alexis , Garzelli Lorenzo , Aissaoui Houari , Zappa Magaly , Louvel Dominique
Published: December 2024

Removal of cocaine pellets by endoscopy is the subject of much debate, due to the supposed risk of rupture. This study aimed to evaluate the safety of digestive endoscopic removal of cocaine pellets.

This was a single-center, observational, retrospective study conducted at the Cayenne Hospital in French Guiana from July 2015 to May 2023. We included patients in whom digestive endoscopy was performed for delayed evacuation despite conservative treatment defined by persistence of pellets on imaging from the third day of hospitalization. Endoscopy was performed only if the pellets present were at low risk of rupture (type 4 according to the classification by Pidoto in 2002). We collected demographic, imaging, endoscopic and follow-up data.

We included 111 patients, 75% of whom were male. Median age was 25 years (range, 20–33). Imaging was performed in 99% of cases. On imaging prior to endoscopy, pellets were found mainly in the stomach (28%), right colon (28%), left colon (30%), and sigmoid (31%). Median time to endoscopy was 3 days (range, 2.5–4). Median number of pellets extracted endoscopically was one (range, 1–4). The material used was mainly endoscopic baskets (60%). No patient presented any per or post-endoscopic complications. No pellets ruptured during extraction. There was no sign of cocaine intoxication during or after endoscopy. The success rate for pellet removal was 92% during the first endoscopy and 100% during the second endoscopy.

Endoscopic removal of micro-industrially-produced cocaine pellets seems to be a safe and effective method. Therefore, endoscopy has a place in management of these patients.
Descripción anatómica del colgajo de pronador cuadrado en población Colombiana. Estudio cadavérico
Authors: Gutierrez Pilonieta Juan Felipe , Amador Nahala Fahed Aborashed , Barreto Camilo José Romero , de la Hoz José
Published: December 2024

Introducción Existe un incremento en el uso del pronador cuadrado (PQ) como colgajo funcional para reconstrucciones faciales y en miembro superior predominantemente, basado en el pedículo de arteria y nervio interóseo anterior, no obstante la literatura con relación a las dimensiones de los componentes del mismo, aunque creciente, es escasa especialmente en población Latinoamericana. Por lo cual se realizó la descripción morfológica de las dimensiones del músculo, arteria, nervio y venas concomitantes.

Materiales y Métodos Las disecciones fueron realizadas en 10 antebrazos de 10 componentes cadavéricos en el CLEMI. Se tomaron medidas y material fotográfico de las dimensiones del músculo y pedículo neurovascular, para su posterior análisis estadístico.

Resultados Posterior al análisis estadístico se estableció para el músculo una media de 4.3 cm de ancho, 4.8 cm de largo y 0.9 cm de grosor, en cuanto a la arteria interósea anterior (AIA) se evidenció una longitud media 12.5 cm con diámetro proximal y distal de 1.6 mm y 2.2 mm respectivamente y anastomosis con la arteria interósea posterior (AIP) en 80% de los casos. En relación con el nervio interóseo anterior (NIA), presentó una longitud y diámetro promedio de 12.2 cm y 0.9 mm respectivamente, con una distancia de 9.8 cm desde la rama del flexor pollicis longus (FPL) hasta el pronador cuadrado y 13.7 cm desde el pliegue de la muñeca. Se evidenció una vena única en 60% de los casos con diámetro de 0.9 mm.

Conclusión Se apreció una anatomía constante en el colgajo de pronador cuadrado, con arteria, vena y nervio de adecuada longitud y diámetro para una fácil anastomosis y neurorrafia, asociado a una baja morbilidad de la zona donante, configurándose como una herramienta útil en el proceso reconstructivo.
Tratamiento de la inestabilidad en plano sagital de la articulacyón interfalángica proximal: Técnica de escarificación ecoguiada de la placa volar
Authors: Barrera-Ochoa Sergi , Prieto-Mere Jose Antonio , Ibañez Federico , Font Eduard , Sosa Gustavo , Martinez-Garza Julio , Soldado Francisco
Published: December 2024

Introducción La laxitud en la placa volar de la articulación interfalángica proximal puede traducirse en una inestabilidad en el plano sagital por incompetencia de esta, acompañada de una hiperextensión digital con subluxación dorsal, perdida de funcionalidad y dolor.

Objetivos Presentar una serie de casos de pacientes con inestabilidad sagital en la interfalángica proximal tratado mediante una técnica quirúrgica mínimamente invasiva y evaluando los resultados a corto y mediano plazo.

Material y Métodos Pacientes tratados con una técnica quirúrgica mínimamente invasiva que implica escarificación de la placa volar guiada por ultrasonido para el tratamiento de una deformidad en hiperextensión por incompetencia de la placa volar. Esta técnica se ha utilizado en cinco pacientes en un estudio prospectivo con un seguimiento de un año, donde a la técnica percutánea le sigue un protocolo de ferulización y rehabilitación articular.

Resultados Resultados satisfactorios que muestran una reducción del dolor y una mejor función, con una tasa de resolución de la hiperextensión y del bloqueo articular en un 100%, y una mejora en el Quick-DASH y Mayo Wrist Score.
Molecular dynamics studies of knotted polymers
Authors: DelloStritto Mark , Micheletti Cristian , Klein Michael L.
Published: December 2024

Molecular dynamics calculations have been used to explore the influence of knots on the strength of a polymer strand. In particular, the mechanism of breaking 31, 41, 51, and 52 prime knots has been studied using two very different models to represent the polymer: (1) the generic coarse-grained (CG) bead model of polymer physics and (2) a state-of-the-art machine learned atomistic neural network (NN) potential for polyethylene derived from electronic structure calculations. While there is a broad overall agreement between the results on the influence of the pulling rate on chain rupture based on the CG and atomistic NN models, for the simple 31 and 41 knots, significant differences are found for the more complex 51 and 52 knots. Notably, in the latter case, the NN model more frequently predicts that these knots can break not only at the crossings at the entrance/exit but also at one of the central crossing points. The relative smoothness of the CG potential energy surface also leads to stabilization of tighter knots compared to the more realistic NN model.
Electronic band structure vs intrinsic antisite doping in the MBE grown films MnTe · Bi(2−x)Te3(1−x/2) (0 ≥ x < 2): Evidence from spectroscopic ellipsometry and infrared studies
Authors: Kovaleva N. N. , Chvostova D. , Muratov A. V. , Fursova T. N. , Bozhko S. I. , Aleshchenko Yu. A. , Dejneka A. , Kugel K. I. , Ishchenko D. V. , Tereshchenko O. E.
Published: December 2024

The intrinsic antisite defects, which cause doping in the antiferromagnetic topological insulators of the MnTe ·n Bi2Te3 (n = 1, 2, 3, …,) family, prevent the exploration of the Dirac states affecting the Fermi level (EF) position and magnetic properties. In the present study, the MnTe · Bi(2−x)Te3(1−x/2) films grown by the MBE technique onto Si(111) substrates with increasing the Bi and Te contents from MnTe to MnBi2Te4 were investigated by 0.5–6.5 eV spectroscopic ellipsometry. In addition, the infrared (IR) reflectance and transmittance spectra were examined. The measured ellipsometric angles, Ψ(ω) and Δ(ω), were simulated in a two- or three-layer Gaussian models. As a result, the spectra of the complex dielectric function, ε̃(ω)=ε1(ω)+iε2(ω), the complex index of refraction, ñ(ω)=n(ω)+ik(ω), and the optical conductivity σ1(ω) were determined. We found that the absolute values of the ε1(ω) and ε2(ω) increased with increasing the Bi and Te contents from MnTe to MnBi2Te4, while the ε2(ω) maximum progressively shifts to lower photon energies from ∼3.7 to ∼1.2 eV, peculiar of the end point compounds. At the same time, the stoichiometric MnBi2Te4 film exhibits the emergent Drude-type contribution in the far-IR range associated with the intrinsic antisite doping. However, the charge carrier contribution is suppressed in the MnTe · Bi(2−x)Te3(1−x/2) films with the reduced Bi and Te stoichiometry, the latter being also responsible for the electronic band structure reconstruction and pronounced redistribution of the optical spectral weight.
Force of adhesion between droplets and super-hydrophobic surfaces: Closed-form analytical expressions
Authors: Escobar Juan V.
Published: December 2024

Super-hydrophobic and liquid-repellent surfaces can be characterized experimentally in tensile adhesion experiments with the force (FAdh) required to detach a droplet from such surfaces, but analytical expressions that relate FAdh to the surface energy, w, are still missing. In this work, we derive analytical expressions for FAdh between droplets of radius r and super-hydrophobic surfaces on which the contact angle is greater than 150°. By applying the general condition for the onset of instability in different mechanical configurations, we find FAdh = −πwr and FAdh ≈ −(4/5)πwr, for the fixed-force and fixed-grip configurations, respectively, as well as other expressions that depend on the ratio of the spring constant of a generic force measuring apparatus to the surface tension of the liquid composing the droplet. These expressions open the possibility of retrieving w or, equivalently, the receding contact angle, by measuring FAdh on these systems.
Full voltage control of giant magnetoresistance
Authors: Wei Lujun , Zhang Yiyang , Huang Fei , Niu Wei , Li Feng , Yang Jiaju , Peng Jincheng , Li Yanghui , Lu Yu , Chen Jiarui , Wang Weihao , Liu Tianyu , Pu Yong , Du Jun
Published: December 2024

The aim of voltage control of magnetism is to reduce the power consumption of spintronic devices. For a spin valve, the relative magnetic orientation for the two ferromagnetic layers is a key factor determining the giant magnetoresistance (GMR) ratio. However, achieving full voltage manipulation of the magnetization directions between parallel and antiparallel states is a significant challenge. Here, we demonstrate that by utilizing two exchange-biased Co/IrMn bilayers with opposite pinning directions and with ferromagnetic interlayer coupling between the two Co layers, the magnetization alignment of the two Co layers of a spin valve can be switched between antiparallel and nearly parallel states by voltage-induced strain, leading to a full voltage control of GMR in a repeatable manner. The magnetization rotating processes for the two Co layers under different voltages can be clearly demonstrated by simulations based on the Landau–Lifshitz–Gilbert equation. This work provides valuable references for the development of full voltage-controlled spintronic devices with low energy consumption.
Fast-chargeable lithium-ion batteries by μ-Si anode-tailored full-cell design
Authors: Lee Taeyong , Seong Min Ji , Ahn Hyo Chul , Baek Minsung , Park Kiho , Oh Jihoon , Choi Taehoon , Choi Jang Wook
Published: December 2024

Silicon (Si) anodes have long been recognized to significantly improve the energy density and fast-charging capability of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). However, the implementation of these anodes in commercial LIB cells has progressed incrementally due to the immense volume change of Si across its full state-of-charge (SOC) range. Here, we report an anode-tailored full-cell design (ATFD), which incorporates micrometer-sized silicon (μ-Si) alone, for operation over a limited, prespecified SOC range identified as 30−70%. This range allows homogeneous (de)lithiation throughout the electrode, accompanied by an acceptable level of volume change. The ATFD-based cell exhibits 21.3% higher gravimetric energy density than that of its graphite-based counterpart in a commercial 18650 cylindrical cell and 84.6% capacity retention after 500 cycles even at a fast-charging rate of 3 C. This study indicates that the partial, intermediate SOC operation of the μ-Si anode can markedly increase the energy density and boost the fast-charging capability of a LIB cell, a challenging task in traditional cell engineering.
Spc2 modulates substrate- and cleavage site-selection in the yeast signal peptidase complex
Authors: Chung Yeonji , Yim Chewon , Pereira Gilberto P. , Son Sungjoon , Kjølbye Lisbeth R. , Mazurkiewicz Lauren E. , Weeks Amy M. , Förster Friedrich , von Heijne Gunnar , Souza Paulo C.T. , Kim Hyun
Published: December 2024

Secretory proteins are critically dependent on the correct processing of their signal sequence by the signal peptidase complex (SPC). This step, which is essential for the proper folding and localization of proteins in eukaryotic cells, is still not fully understood. In eukaryotes, the SPC comprises four evolutionarily conserved membrane subunits (Spc1–3 and Sec11). Here, we investigated the role of Spc2, examining SPC cleavage efficiency on various models and natural signal sequences in yeast cells depleted of or with mutations in Spc2. Our data show that discrimination between substrates and identification of the cleavage site by SPC is compromised when Spc2 is absent or mutated. Molecular dynamics simulation of the yeast SPC AlphaFold2-Multimer model indicates that membrane thinning at the center of SPC is reduced without Spc2, suggesting a molecular explanation for the altered substrate recognition properties of SPC lacking Spc2. These results provide new insights into the molecular mechanisms by which SPC governs protein biogenesis.
Isoform-specific N-linked glycosylation of NaV channel α-subunits alters β-subunit binding sites
Authors: Beaudoin Christopher A. , Kohli Manas , Salvage Samantha C. , Liu Hengrui , Arundel Samuel J. , Hamaia Samir W. , Lei Ming , Huang Christopher L.-H. , Jackson Antony P.
Published: December 2024

Voltage-gated sodium channel α-subunits (NaV1.1–1.9) initiate and propagate action potentials in neurons and myocytes. The NaV β-subunits (β1–4) have been shown to modulate α-subunit properties. Homo-oligomerization of β-subunits on neighboring or opposing plasma membranes has been suggested to facilitate cis or trans interactions, respectively. The interactions between several NaV channel isoforms and β-subunits have been determined using cryogenic electron microscopy (cryo-EM). Interestingly, the NaV cryo-EM structures reveal the presence of N-linked glycosylation sites. However, only the first glycan moieties are typically resolved at each site due to the flexibility of mature glycan trees. Thus, existing cryo-EM structures may risk de-emphasizing the structural implications of glycans on the NaV channels. Herein, molecular modeling and all-atom molecular dynamics simulations were applied to investigate the conformational landscape of N-linked glycans on NaV channel surfaces. The simulations revealed that negatively charged sialic acid residues of two glycan sites may interact with voltage-sensing domains. Notably, two NaV1.5 isoform-specific glycans extensively cover the α-subunit region that, in other NaV channel α-subunit isoforms, corresponds to the binding site for the β1- (and likely β3-) subunit immunoglobulin (Ig) domain. NaV1.8 contains a unique N-linked glycosylation site that likely prevents its interaction with the β2 and β4-subunit Ig-domain. These isoform-specific glycans may have evolved to facilitate specific functional interactions, for example, by redirecting β-subunit Ig-domains outward to permit cis or trans supraclustering within specialized cellular compartments such as the cardiomyocyte perinexal space. Further experimental work is necessary to validate these predictions.
Distinct properties and activation of hexameric and heptameric Pannexin 1 channel concatemers
Authors: Gupta Smriti , Chiu Yu-Hsin , Manjegowda Mohan C. , Desai Bimal N. , Ravichandran Kodi S. , Bayliss Douglas A.
Published: December 2024

Pannexin 1 (PANX1) is a member of a topologically related and stoichiometrically diverse family of large pore membrane ion channels that support the flux of signaling metabolites (e.g., ATP) and fluorescent dyes. High-resolution structural analyses have identified PANX1 as a heptamer despite early evidence suggesting that it might be a hexamer. To determine if PANX1 channel activity is supported in both hexameric and heptameric conformations, we examined properties of concatenated PANX1 constructs comprising either six or seven subunits with intact or truncated C-termini (the latter to mimic caspase-cleavage activation). In whole-cell recordings from PANX1-deleted cells, the C-tail-truncated hexameric and heptameric concatemers generated outwardly rectifying PANX1-like currents only after severing the intersubunit linkers. Surprisingly, α1D adrenoceptor stimulation activated constructs with intact or truncated C-tails, even without linker cleavage. In inside-out patches from PANX1-deleted cells, linker cleavage activated C-tail truncated channels derived from either hexameric or heptameric concatemers. The heptamers presented peak unitary conductance and mean open time that was similar to channels assembled from the expression of unlinked single PANX1 subunits and greater than from the hexamers. In addition, the linker-cleaved heptameric concatemers supported greater PANX1-dependent ATP release and TO-PRO-3 uptake than the corresponding hexamers. These data indicate that functional PANX1 channels can be obtained in either hexameric or heptameric conformations and suggest that the distinct unitary properties of heptameric channels are more conducive to large molecule permeation by PANX1; they also suggest that there are distinct structural requirements for C-tail cleavage and receptor-mediated PANX1 activation mechanisms.
Report on the key comparison, CCM.F-K23 in force at 200 N and 500 N
Authors: Wuethrich Christian , Guzman Jorge Torres , Germak Alessandro , Kim Min-Seok , Averlant Philippe , Jiang Jile , Chesnutwood Kevin , Hayashi Toshiyuki , Röske Dirk
Published: December 2024

Main text

The comparison CCM.F-K23 is a key comparison in force involving nine laboratories in three regional metrological organizations (RMO). The comparison adopted a scheme where each participant provides its own set of transfer standards. The measurements have been realized in 2020 and the equivalence between the participants is demonstrated.

To reach the main text of this paper, click on Final Report. Note that this text is that which appears in Appendix B of the BIPM key comparison database https://www.bipm.org/kcdb/.

The final report has been peer-reviewed and approved for publication by the CCM, according to the provisions of the CIPM Mutual Recognition Arrangement (CIPM MRA).
Geometric control of honeycomb superlattice plasma photonic crystals in dielectric barrier discharge
Authors: Deng Tengkun , Wang Zihao , Liu Fucheng , Wang Jing , Wang Shuo , Wang Qihan , Fan Weili
Published: December 2024

We propose a scheme for dynamically controlling the geometric configurations of honeycomb superlattice plasma photonic crystals (HsPPCs) in dielectric barrier discharge. A rapid transition from a simple honeycomb lattice to diverse HsPPCs has been achieved in ambient air. The HsPPCs exhibit substantial omnidirectional band gaps (OBGs), approximately three times larger than those of simple honeycomb lattices. An experimental verification of the OBGs as well as their frequency shifting with reconfiguration of different HsPPCs has been provided. A phenomenological reaction-diffusion system is developed to unravel the generation mechanism of HsPPCs. The experimental observations are consistent with the numerical simulations. Our approach provides a unique method for manufacturing tunable HsPPCs which significantly enhance the band gap size and improve the photonic properties.
Real-time electron density measurement technique using a microwave resonant probe for low-pressure plasmas
Authors: Boni Federico , Jarrige Julien , Désangles Victor
Published: December 2024

This paper presents a technique to perform a time-resolved electron density measurement in a plasma using a microwave resonant probe named curling probe and a Voltage Controlled Oscillator fast-swept circuit. The technique is an interesting alternative to the Vector Network Analyzer used in on-point mode on repetitive triggered discharges as it also works for non-repeatable events or in cases where trigger signals are unavailable. First, the temporal resolution of the presented setup is assessed to be 5 µs with an uncertainty on the electron density of 5 × 107 cm−3. Second, the accuracy of the diagnostic is successfully demonstrated by measuring similar electron density for different measurement rates and by measuring forced plasma oscillations at 25 kHz in a magnetic nozzle thruster. Third, the ability of the diagnostic to perform real-time measurements is demonstrated by capturing the transient dynamic of the electron density during the switch-off of the thruster, with a fast plasma density variation of the order of 6 × 107 cm−3/µs being measured during the first tens of microseconds after plasma extinction.
Adaptive tensegrity foot design for quadruped robots in unstructured terrains
Authors: Dong Hui , Gan Jiahao , Xia Rongbiao , Lu Zongxing , Chen Bingxing , Chen Muhao
Published: December 2024

Traditional quadruped robots are known for their agile movement and versatility across varied terrains. However, their foot structures struggle to navigate unstructured terrains such as pipes, slopes, and protrusions. This paper proposes a novel tensegrity foot structure consisting of a tensegrity ankle joint and an X-shaped adaptive tensegrity footpad, which enhances the terrain adaptability of legged robots. The equilibrium equation of the ankle joint is established, and the relationship between the translational stiffness of the ankle joint and the spring stiffness is derived. Additionally, a mathematical model for the number of X-shaped tensegrity footpad units and their relationship with the deformation height and length of the tensegrity footpad is established. A physical prototype of the tensegrity foot was fabricated using 3D printing. Experiments are conducted to validate the adaptability of both the ankle joint and the tensegrity footpad. The results indicate that the proposed adaptive tensegrity foot structure exhibits good adaptability on unstructured terrains with varying radii, slopes, steps, S-curves, and spherical surfaces. The tensegrity foot structure can enhance the environmental adaptability of quadruped robots and has excellent impact resistance effects.