bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Narecie postepeno kak leksiceskij kvantifikator
Authors: Ristic Stana
Published: February 2009

(ruski) V rabote na osnove analiza primerov upotreblenija narecija postepeno vyjavljajutsja ego obscie harakteristiki i opredeljajutsja grammaticesko-semanticeskie uslovija realizacii ego znacenija i funkcii. Narecie postepeno otneseno k polnost'ju pragmaticeskim kvantifikatoram partitivno-distributivnogo tipa, pri ?tom ego partitivnost' organizovana v sootvetstvii s kriteriem vremenn?j linearnosti. Svojstva partitivnosti distributivnosti i sukcessivnosti, vyrazennye u narecija postepeno predstavljajut soboj ingerentnuju harakteristiku sloznoj situacii, kotoraja zapolnjaet semanticeskuju valentnost' dannogo odnomestnogo predikata. Rasclenennost' sloznoj situacii, kak neobhodimoe uslovie upotreblenija dannogo narecija, mozet byt' realizovana v vide predikativnogo soderzanija i / ili v vide soderzanija argumentov predikata. Vozmoznost' zapolnenija semanticeskoj i sintaksiceskoj valentnosti predikata i / ili semanticeskoj valentnosti ego argumentov osuscestvljaetsja na osnove semanticeskih pravil dvuh tipov, kotorymi opredeljaetsja sfera dejstvija netrivial'nyh znacenij narecija postepeno i ego grammaticesko-semanticeskaja socetaemost'. Razlicnye grammaticesko-semanticeskie uslovija realizacii ego znacenija i funkcii vyjavlennye v rabote, predstavleny v prilagaemoj tablice kak varianty osnovnyh tipov, obuslovlennyh obscimi grammaticeskimi imennymi i glagol'nymi kategorijami, takimi, kak mnozestvennost' / sobiratel'nost', edinstvennoe cislo i nesoversennyj vid, soversennyj vid.
Osobennosti narodnogo jazyka v gramotah knjaza Lazarja i despota Stefana: Iz serbskoj istoriceskoj dialektologii
Authors: Stijovic Rada
Published: February 2009

(ruski) V dannoj rabote avtor issleduet nekotorye osobennosti serbskogo narodnogo jazyka v gramotah knjaza Lazarja i despota (titul srednevekovogo pravitelja) Stefana. Rec' idet o dokumentah, sohranivsihsja v originale. Avtor podcerkivaet, cto cast' upomjanutyh osobennostej sovpadaet s sootvetstvujuscimi certami sovremennogo kosovsko-resavskogo dialekta serbskogo jazyka. Dlja rjada cert sovpadenija ne obnaruzeno. Tak, jazyk dannyh gramot ne podtverzdaet sledujuscee: a) vokalizaciju reducirovannyh, b) perehod -l(-) v -o(-), v) ispol'zovanie okoncanija -em v tvoritel'nom padeze edinstvennogo cisla suscestvitel'nyh muzskogo i srednego roda (napr., bratem selem i t. p): v ?tom padeze pojavljajutsja formy s okoncaniem -om (bratom selom i t. p). Rezul'taty dannyh issledovanij posluzat vkladom v istoriceskuju dialektologiju serbskogo jazyka.
Some essential features of Leskov's idiostyle
Authors: Tarlanov Zamir
Published: February 2009

The article deals with some essential features of Leskov's idiostyle, esp his manner of word semantics structuring directed at synchronistic realization of main and motivating seams in the context of their image-communicative interaction. Special attention is also paid to morphemes' role of play on words as an element of style and artistic perception of reality as well.
Predicative instrumental in the light of collocational analysis
Authors: Hlebec Boris
Published: February 2009

Primarily on the basis of the material provided in a monograph by Milka Ivic the author has aimed at highlighting the meanings of the so-called predicative instrumental and instrumental of basic characteristics (both used as predicative complements) from a new perspective. To this purpose he has applied his developing collocational method, which leads to controlled lexical definitions. The conclusion is that both types of instrumental share the same 'u vidu' ('in manifested form'), while the difference lies in the degree of subjectivity expressed by the verb. Namely, the former, being relatively subjective, is mainly in current usage, while the latter is obsolete due to its relative objectivity. Archaic usages of the former are midway between the two poles, i. e. semi-objective. The article reaffirms the results in Milka Ivic's famous study done half a century ago.
Idioms containing the lexeme obraz
Authors: Sipka Milan
Published: February 2009

The present paper addresses a group of idioms such as imati (ili nemati) obraza, pogaziti obraz, osvjetlati obraz and others, which refer to moral reactions and values of shame, honor, righteousness, etc. The question being discus sed in relation to these idioms is why they contain the lexeme obraz 'cheek', which, when used on its own, has a secondary (extended) sense of 'honor', 'righteousness'. As a result of a meticulous analysis the author concludes that those senses stem from the fact that one who commits something shameful usually blushes in his / her cheeks, which makes a cheek a mirror of such feelings of morality. The extended sense of the lexeme obraz developed in such a manner, which in turn conveyed to the idioms containing that lexeme.
Some novel insights into the binding of oseltamivir and zanamivir to H5N1 and N9 influenza virus neuraminidases: A homology modeling and flexible docking study
Authors: Mihajlovic Marija , Mitrasinovic Petar
Published: February 2009

In the context of the recent pandemic threat by the worldwide spread of H5N1 avian influenza, novel insights into the mechanism of ligand binding and interaction between various inhibitors (zanamivir - ZMV, oseltamivir - OTV, 2,3-didehydro-2-deoxy-N-acetylneuraminic acid - DANA, peramivir - PMV) and neuraminidases (NA) are of vital importance for the structure-based design of new anti-viral drugs. To address this issue, three-dimensional models of H5N1-NA and N9-NA were generated by homology modeling. Traditional residues within the active site throughout the family of NA protein structures were found to be highly conserved in H5N1-NA. A subtle variation between lipophilic and hydrophilic environments in H5N1-NA with respect to N9-NA was observed, thus shedding more light on the high resistance of some H5N1 strains to various NA inhibitors. Based on these models, an ArgusLab4/AScore flexible docking study was performed. The conformational differences between OTV bound to H5N1-NA and OTV bound to N9-NA were structurally identified and quantified. A slight difference of less than 1 kcal mol-1 between the OTV-N9 and OTV-N1 binding free energies is in agreement with the experimentally predicted free energy difference. The conformational differences between ZMV and OTV bound to either H5N1-NA or N9-NA were structurally identified. The binding free energies of the ZMV complexes, being slightly higher than those of OTV, are not in agreement with what was previously proposed using homology modeling. The differences between ZMV and OTV are suggested to be ascribed to the presence/absence of Asn166 in the active cavity of ZMV/OTV in H5N1-NA, and to the presence/absence of Ser165 in the binding site of ZMV/OTV in N9-NA. The charge distribution was evaluated using the semi-empirical AM1 method. The trends of the AM1 charges of the ZMV and OTV side chains in the complexes deviate from those previously reported.
Pyrrolizidine alkaloids from seven wild-growing Senecio species in Serbia and Montenegro
Authors: Mandic Boris , Godjevac Dejan , Beskoski Vladimir , Simic Milena , Trifunovic Snezana , Tesevic Vele , Vajs Vlatka , Milosavljevic Slobodan
Published: February 2009

The genus Senecio (family Asteraceae) is one of the largest in the world. It comprises about 1100 species which are the rich source of pyrrolizidine alkaloids. Plants containing pyrrolizidine alkaloids are among the most important sources of human and animal exposure to plant toxins and carcinogens. The pyrrolizidine alkaloids of seven Senecio species (S. erucifolius, S. othonnae, S. wagneri, S. subalpinus, S. carpathicus, S. paludosus and S. rupestris) were studied. Fourteen alkaloids were isolated and their structures determined from spectroscopic data (1H- and 13C-NMR, IR and MS). Five of them were identified in S. erucifolius, four in S. othonnae, two in S. wagneri, four in S. subalpinus, two in S. carpathicus, three in S. paludosus and three in S. rupestris. Seven pyrrolizidine alkaloids were found for the first time in particular species. The results have chemotaxonomic importance. The cytotoxic activity and antimicrobial activity of some alkaloids were also studied.
Volatiles from vegetative organs of the palaeoendemic resurrection plants Ramonda serbica Panc. and Ramonda nathaliae Panc. et Petrov.
Authors: Radulovic Niko , Blagojevic Polina , Palic Radosav , Zlatkovic Bojan , Stevanovic Branka
Published: February 2009

GC and GC/MS analyses of the essential oils hydrodistilled separately from fresh leaves and roots of Ramonda serbica and Ramonda nathaliae, together with diethyl ether extracts of their roots, enabled the identification of 82 constituents accounting for between 88.9 and 94.5 % of the oils and extracted compounds. Although phenylacetaldehyde was one of the major contributors (20.5-57.1 %) of all the oils, it was only a minor contributor to the extracts. The latter were characterized by a large amount of squalene (R. serbica - - 36.0 %; R. nathaliae - 59.4%) and steroids (R. serbica - 27.4 %; R. nathaliae - - 14.1 %). Squalene was also the most abundant compound in R. nathaliae root oil (29.0 %), but was not detected in the corresponding R. serbica oil. While the root oils and extracts of both species contained comparable amounts of volatile fatty acids, there were significant differences in their contents in the oils hydrodistilled from the leaves of R. serbica and R. nathaliae (18.7 % and 0.6 %, respectively). The presented results provide the first insight into the unique sets of volatiles produced by these distinctive, closely related, relict taxa, which disclose their specific adaptive advantages.
Gel-combustion synthesis of CoSb2O6 and its reduction to powdery Sb2Co alloy
Authors: Jovic Maja , Dasic Marina , Holl Konrad , Ilic Dejan , Mentus Slavko
Published: February 2009

Sb2Co alloy in powdery form was synthesized via reduction with gaseous hydrogen of the oxide CoSb2O6, obtained by the citrate gel-combustion technique. The precursor was an aqueous solution of antimony nitrate, cobalt nitrate and citric acid. The precursor solution with mole ratio Co(II)/Sb(V) of 1:2 was gelatinized by evaporation of water. The gel was heated in air up to the temperature of self-ignition. The product of gel combustion was a mixture of oxides and it had to be additionally thermally treated in order to be converted to pure CoSb2O6. The reduction of CoSb2O6 by gaseous hydrogen yielded powdery Sb2Co as the sole phase. The process of oxide reduction to alloy was controlled by thermogravimetry, while X-ray diffractometry was used to control the phase compositions of both the oxides and alloys.
Ferromagnetic behavior of the Zn-Mn-O system
Authors: Babic-Stojic Branka , Milivojevic Dusan , Blanusa Jovan
Published: February 2009

Polycrystalline Zn-Mn-O samples with nominal manganese concentrations x = 0.01, 0.04 and 0.10 were synthesized by a solid state reaction route using (ZnC2O4?2H2O)1-x and (MnC2O4?2H2O)x. Thermal treatment of the samples was performed in air at temperatures 673, 773, 873, 973 and 1173 K for x = 0.01 and at the temperature 773 K for x = 0.04 and 0.10. The samples were investigated by X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetry, differential thermal analysis, transmission electron microscopy, magnetization measurements and electron paramagnetic resonance. X-Ray diffraction was also performed on MnO2 thermally treated at temperatures 673, 773, 873, 973, 1073 and 1173 K. Room temperature ferromagnetism was observed in the Zn-Mn-O samples with x = 0.01 thermally treated at low temperatures (673 and 773 K) and in the sample with x = 0.04 thermally treated at 773 K. It seems that the ferromagnetic phase could originate from interactions between Mn2+ and acceptor defects incorporated in the ZnO crystal lattice during the thermal treatment of the samples.
Removal of inorganic As5+ from a small drinking water system
Authors: Simonic Marjana
Published: February 2009

The drinking water from a small drinking water system contained arsenic in a concentration of about 50 ?g/L. Chemical analyses showed that the pentavalent form of arsenic was present. Since the MCL value is 10 ?g/L, it was necessary to implement a technological treatment to make the water suitable for drinking. In order to do so, two technologies were suggested: activated alumina and ?-FeOOH (TehnoArz, TA) adsorption media. Experiments using both adsorption media were performed on a laboratory scale. It was possible to remove arsenic to below 1 ?g/L. The maximal adsorption capacity was found to be 12.7 mg of As5+ per gram of ?-FeOOH. Moreover, all the important physico-chemical parameters of the water remained practically unchanged after the treatment. Only a slight release of iron from the media was observed. The Fe-As bond was studied by means of chemical analysis and X-ray powder diffraction. Finally, in addition to showing the capability of arsenic removal by ?-FeOOH, a comprehensive optimization of the technological parameters of the selected technology is provided.
Subjective visual vertical test: Normative values in healthy population
Authors: Jovanovic Stevan , Ribaric-Jankes Ksenija
Published: February 2009

INTRODUCTION Subjective Visual Vertical test (SVV test) can be applied to measure one of the functions of the vestibular apparatus, its afferent pathways and nuclei within the brain stem. The test is based on the subjective assessment of verticality. The possibility of perceived visual vertical in healthy subjects can show deviation with accuracy of ?2? at most. OBJECTIVE The goal of the study is to present the results of the SVV test developed at our department. METHOD Two kinds of testing procedures were applied; the static test during which the subjects evaluated the verticality on a static background; the dynamic test during which the subjects evaluated the verticality after 20 seconds of rotation of the background to the right or to the left. Ninety-five healthy subjects aged between 21 and 79 years were tested. The whole group was divided into smaller groups according to age criterium. RESULTS The results showed statistically significant bigger SVV tilt in the subjects aged over 45 years than in the younger subjects. The arithmetic mean of the tilt to the left or tilt to the right in the group younger than 45 years was 0.42 degrees during the static test and 0.49 degrees during the dynamic test. The arithmetic mean for the group older than 45 years was 0.67 during the static test and 0.68 during the dynamic test. CONCLUSION The testing indicated that SVV perception showed a bigger tilt according to age. This should be taken into consideration in individual testing and evaluation of functional ability.
Comparative analysis of conventional and eversion carotid endarterectomy: Prospective randomized study
Authors: Markovic Dragan , Davidovic Lazar , Maksimovic Zivan , Kuzmanovic Ilija , Ilic Nikola
Published: February 2009

INTRODUCTION Studies completed in the last decade of the 20th century showed benefits of carotid endarterectomy in the prevention of stroke in patients with a high-grade stenosis of the internal carotid artery. OBJECTIVE The aim of this prospective, randomized study was the comparison of early and long-term results between the conventional and eversion carotid endarterectomy, and literature review. METHOD By the method of random choice, 103 patients were operated on using the eversion carotid endarterectomy and 98 patients using the conventional technique. Operative treatment was carried out under general anaesthesia. Following the clammping of the carotid artery, retrograde blood pressure was determined by a direct puncture of the internal carotid artery above the stenotic lesions. In patients with retrograde pressure below 20 mm Hg intraluminal shunting was routinely performed. Early results were estimated (during the first seven postoperative days) based on mortality, central neurological complications (stroke, TIA) and cranial or cervical nerve lesions. Long-term results were estimated (after at least two years) based on long-term survival rate, central neurological complications (stroke, TIA) and the incidence of haemodynamically significant restenosis of the carotid artery treated by endarterectomy. RESULTS The average time of clamming of the internal carotid artery in the eversion carotid anderectomy group was 5.36 minutes shorter than in the group treated by the conventional technique. Student's t-test showed a statistically highly significant difference in the time needed for clamming of the internal carotid artery between the two groups. The average duration of eversion endarterectomy (82 minutes) was most often 19 minutes shorter than the duration of the conventional endarterectomy (101 minutes). Student's t-test showed a statistically highly significant difference in the average length of surgeries. The distal intimal fixation was more often needed during the conventional carotid endarterectomy (34.7%) compared to eversion endarterectomy (3.9%). ?2-test showed a statistically highly significant difference. CONCLUSION Eversion carotid endarectomy represents a statistically significantly shorter procedure. Distal intimal fixation demanded by this procedure is very rare, clammping of the internal carotid artery is significantly shorter, and it also has a lower rate of the early neurological complications. Based on the results of this study, as well as the opinions of other authors, it can be concluded that the eversion carotid endarterectomy has an advantage over the conventional procedure. We recommend conventional procedure only in cases when retrograde pressure indicates the use of the intraluminal shunting.
Clinical characteristics and survival of children with hepatoblastoma: Single centre experience
Authors: Krstovski Nada , Janic Dragana , Dokmanovic Lidija , Smoljanic Zeljko , Vukanic Dragan
Published: February 2009

INTRODUCTION Hepatoblastoma is the most frequent malignant liver tumour of childhood and it accounts for 1% of all paediatric cancers. The outcome is significantly improved by introducing intensive chemotherapy regimens followed by complete surgical tumour resection. The long-term survival is 75-95% at present. OBJECTIVE To summarize clinical characteristics and treatment results in children with hepatoblastoma. METHOD The patients diagnosed with hepatoblastoma and treated at the Department of Haematology of the University Children's Hospital in Belgrade, between January 1995 and December 2007 were retrospectively analyzed. We analyzed mode of therapy, surgical management and patients' survival according to Kaplan Mayer statistical test. RESULTS Eleven patients were treated (ten boys and one girl), aged from 6 months to 13 years, mean 32 months, median 12 months. The most frequent presenting sign was abdominal distension. Routine laboratory examination showed elevated alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), range 147 to 44880 ng/ml, mean 8667 ng/ml. Ten patients (91%) had elevated platelet count, range 450 to 909x109/l. Initial lung metastasis developed in 3 patients (27%). The diagnosis was established by an open surgical biopsy in 6 patients and after complete tumour resection in 4 patients, namely 2 patients after preoperative chemotherapy and in 2 patients with no previous chemotherapy. Histopathology verified hepatoblastoma in 10 patients: in 7 patients with epithelial type and in 3 patients with mixed epithelial-mesenchyme type. Six patients were in continuous remission with mean follow up of 58 months. One patient was lost to follow up. Four patients died; three patients due to disease progression and one patient due to sepsis after the first cycle of chemotherapy. CONCLUSION Combined preoperative chemotherapy with complete tumour resection followed by postoperative chemotherapy results in a high percentage of definitive cures.
Importance of genotyping of Thiopurine S-methyltransferase in children with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia during maintenance therapy
Authors: Dokmanovic Lidija , Janic Dragana , Krstovski Nada , Zukic Branka , Tosic Natasa , Pavlovic Sonja
Published: February 2009

INTRODUCTION Thiopurine S-methyltransferase (TPMT) is an enzyme that catalyses the inactivation of mercaptopurine (MP) which is widely used in the treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) of childhood. Potentially fatal myelotoxicity may develop after standard doses of MP in TPMT deficient patients. OBJECTIVES To establish if individually tailored doses of MP can reduce myelotoxicity in ALL patients carrying mutations in the TPMT gene. To establish if variable number of tandem repeats (VNTR) genotype influences the treatment effects of MP. METHOD Fifty randomly selected patients treated according to ALL IC-BFM 2002 protocol were tested for most frequent TPMT gene mutations using PCR based methods. VNTR genotype was determined in 20 children by PCR methods. During the maintenance phase, we recorded the number of weeks when therapy was applied in either full doses, reduced doses or when patients were without any therapy. RESULTS Fifty children were examined, 29 boys (58%) and 21 girls (42%); age ranged from 1.8-17.3 years (median 6.2 years). Four patients (8%) were heterozygous for TPMT mutations, all of them carrying the TPMT*3A variant. After 12, 14, 16 and 19 weeks of therapy with reduced doses of MP, the patients switched to full doses due to good tolerance. There was no therapy omission. Cumulative dose of MP was reduced for 7.8%, 7.4%, 11.2% and 16.6%, respectively, in patients with TPMT mutations. No significant difference was found between children with no mutations and TPMT heterozygotes regarding full dose therapy (53.6 vs. 55.7 weeks, respectively) and reduced dose therapy (19.9 vs. 15.2 weeks respectively). The number of detected VNTRs ranged from four to seven. The majority of patients had different number of VNTRs on homologous chromosomes. Most frequently detected polymorphism was VNTR*5. No correlation was found between TPMT and VNTR genotype inheritance. CONCLUSION Obeying pharmacogenetic principles in the treatment of childhood ALL may improve the tolerance of therapy with MP.
Positional installation of contrast cystography: A new approach in the diagnosis of vesicoureteral reflux
Authors: Paunovic Milan , Pavicevic Polina , Radlovic Vladimir , Vukadinovic Vojkan
Published: February 2009

INTRODUCTION Positional installation of contrast cystography (PIC cystography) represents a new method to identify vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) that is unrevealed by standard diagnostic procedures. It is performed by radiological examination of the vesicoureteral junction during cystoscopic installation of the contrast medium at the ureteral orifice. OBJECTIVE We studied the significance of PIC cystography to demonstrate VUR that failed to be revealed by standard voiding cystourethrography (MCUG), as well as the degree of the correlation of such a finding with endoscopic appearance and the position of the ureteral orifice (UO). METHOD The aim of the paper was to analyze a sample of 5 children (4 girls and 1 boy), aged 6-15 years (mean 9.8 years) with recurrent febrile urotract infections, complicated with scarring changes of the renal parenchyma and normal findings on MCUG. The grade of VUR demonstrated by PIC cystography was classified using the standard hydrodistensional scale. RESULTS All 5 patients had VUR, disclosed by PIC cystography, of whom in 4 it was unilateral and in one bilateral. Of 5 patients, 4 had VUR grade I and one grade II. All the children with VUR detected by PIC cystography also had evident cystoscopic abnormalities in the position and/or configuration of the ureteral orifice at the same side, while at the side with normal finding on PIC cystography, the endoscopic finding was also within normal limits. CONCLUSION PIC cystography is the method of choice in the confirmation of VUR as the cause of recurrent urotract infection and its complications in children with a normal finding on standard MCUG. In all our patients with VUR verified by PIC cystography, at the same side we also revealed endoscopic changes in the position and/or configuration of UO.
Possible values of UV index in Serbia
Authors: Letic Milorad
Published: February 2009

INTRODUCTION UV Index is an indicator of human exposure to solar ultraviolet (UV) rays. The numerical values of the UV Index range from 1-11 and above. There are three levels of protection against UV radiation; low values of the UV Index - protection is not required, medium values of the UV Index - protection is recommended and high values of the UV Index - protection is obligatory. The value of the UV Index primarily depends on the elevation of the sun and total ozone column. OBJECTIVE The aim of the study is to determine the intervals of possible maximal annual values of the UV Index in Serbia in order to determine the necessary level of protection in a simple manner. METHOD For maximal and minimal expected values of total column ozone and for maximal elevation of the sun, the value of the UV Index was determined for each month in the Northern and Southern parts of Serbia. These values were compared with the forecast of the UV Index. RESULTS Maximal clear sky values of the UV Index in Serbia for altitudes up to 500m in May, June, July and August can be 9 or even 10, and not less than 5 or 6. During November, December, January and February the UV Index can be 4 at most. During March, April, September and October the expected values of the UV Index are maximally 7 and not less than 3. The forecast of the UV Index is within these limits in 98% of comparisons. CONCLUSION The described method of determination of possible UV Index values showed a high agreement with forecasts. The obtained results can be used for general recommendations in the protection against UV radiation.
Stylocarotid syndrome: A case report
Authors: Petrovic Branko , Radak Djordje , Kostic Vladimir , Covickovic-Sternic Nadezda
Published: February 2009

INTRODUCTION The American otolaryngologist Eagle was the first to describe styloid syndrome in 1937 and the syndrome was named after him (Eagle's syndrome). The original description of two separate syndromes is connected with his name: classical syndrome, which almost constantly occurs after tonsillectomy and carotid artery syndrome, which occurs without tonsillectomy and also in cases when stylohyoid complex compresses the carotid segments and perivascular sympathetic fibers. In the following years, two more syndromes were defined: stylohyoid and pseudostylohyoid, which according to their manifestations, correspond to the genuine classical form. CASE OUTLINE A 40-year old male is presented, with a history of 3-year duration of pains in the upper part of the left side of the neck, in the left eye and its surroundings. Pain occurrences were not regular. Throbbing pains were most often provoked by sudden head movements and neck compression. He was healthy until the onset of these problems. The findings of all examinations were normal. The applied prophylactic therapy, typical for cluster headache, was without any effect. On 64-MSCT (multislice computed tomography), the neck arteries did not show any intraluminal pathology. The styloid processes were of normal length. On the left side, the styloid process tip pressed the internal carotid artery disturbing its longitudinal axis. CONCLUSION In our presentation, the defined lengths of the styloid processes were normal. The medial angulation of the left styloid process was more expressed reaching 63.5 degrees (the right side angulation was normal). Persistent and throbbing pain in the region of the left eye with backward projection suggested compression on the internal carotid artery. Pains were most frequently provoked by head turning and neck compression. 64-MSCT diagnostics enabled us to determine the characteristics of styloid processes and their relation to the internal carotid artery. Improvement was achieved by administration of anti-epileptic (gabapentin) and antidepressant (amitriptyline) drugs.
Gigantic ovarian and suprarenal cysts ten years after enucleation of unilateral retinoblastoma
Authors: Krstic Vera , Krstic Zoran , Smoljanic Zeljko , Djurovic Jelena , Markovic Vujica , Kosanovic-Jakovic Natalija
Published: February 2009

INTRODUCTION Retinoblastoma (RB) is the most common eye tumour in children and is curable. Patients with hereditary RB have increased risk of developing additional tumours, predominantly sarcomas. The published results on the treatment of bilateral RB have shown that 10-15% of patients develop second primary tumours (SPT). Average latent period, e.g. the period from the diagnosis of bilateral RB to the appearance of SPT is 10.4 years. In the literature, the appearance of second benign tumours in patients suffering from unilateral and bilateral RB has not been analyzed separately. However, the size and the location of benign tumours can cause serious complications. CASE OUTLINE We present a 14-year-old female patient. At age 4 years, her left eye was enucleated owing to unilateral RB. In the postoperative period, she did not undergo irradiation, nor did she receive chemotherapy. On her regular ophthalmologic check-up, the patient informed us that her belly was 'swelling' over the past four months. She had no pains or other complaints. The abdomen was significantly above the level of the chest, tense, painless on palpation, with obvious fluctuations. Abdominal echosonography confirmed the presence of a huge multilocular cystic formation, 19?18 cm in diameter, spreading from the pelvis to the epigastrium, and pressing the liver and spleen. A cyst of 4.7 cm in diameter was observed in the upper pole of the left kidney. Both the gigantic cyst of the left ovary (weighing 10300 g) and the left suprarenal cyst (weighing 30g) were removed. CONCLUSION We report a patient who developed second nonocular tumors (ovarian and suprarenal cysts) after successful treatment of unilateral RB. Patients treated for RB (hereditary and non-hereditary) should be checked regularly and meticulously. Early recognition of tumours, treatment can prevent possible complications.
Dental caries: Therapeutic possibilities
Authors: Peric Tamara , Markovic Dejan , Zivkovic Slavoljub
Published: February 2009

Contemporary tendencies in dentistry are based on the concept of maximal protection of healthy tooth tissues. Caries removal has been done traditionally with mechanical rotary instruments that are fast and precise. However, conventional cavity preparation has potential adverse effects to the pulp due to heat, pressure and vibrations. Moreover, drilling often causes pain and requires local anaesthesia, and these procedures are frequently perceived as unpleasant. Etiology, development and prevention of dental caries are better understood today and new restorative materials that bond micromechanically and/or chemically to dental tissues have been introduced. Thus, development of a new, less destructive caries removal technique is allowed. In the last decades, many alternative methods have been introduced in an attempt to replace rotary instruments. These are claimed to be efficient and selective for diseased tissues and to offer comfortable treatment to the patients. New methods include air abrasion, air polishing, ultrasonic, polymer burs, enzymes, systems for chemo-mechanical caries removal, and lasers. The aim of this paper was to discuss various caries removal techniques and possibilities of their use in clinical practice. Based on the literature review it can be concluded that none of the new caries removal methods can completely replace conventional rotary instruments.
Styloid syndrome: A review of literature
Authors: Petrovic Branko , Radak Djordje , Kostic Vladimir , Covickovic-Sternic Nadezda
Published: February 2009

The American otolaryngologist Eagle was the first to describe styloid syndrome in 1937. Stylohyoid complex is composed of styloid process, stylohyoid ligament and a lesser horn of the hyoid bone. Embriologicaly, these anatomical structures originate from Reichert's cartilage of the second brachial arch. In the general population, the frequency of the elongated styloid process is estimated to be 4%, of which only 4% show clinical manifestations suggesting that the incidence of styloid syndrome is 0.16% (about 16,000 persons in Serbia). The styloid process deviation causes external or internal carotid impingement and pains which radiate along the arterial trunk. Classical stylohyoid syndrome is found after tonsillectomy and is characterized by pharyngeal, cervical, facial pain and headache. Stylo-carotid syndrome is the consequence of the pericarotid sympathetic fibres irritation and compression on the carotid artery. Clinical manifestations are found most frequently after head turning and neck compression. The diagnostic golden standard for styloid syndrome is 3D CT reconstruction. Sagital CT angiography has a leading role in the radiological diagnosis of the stylo-carotid syndrome. Differential diagnosis requires the differentiation of the styloid syndrome from numerous cranio-facio-cervical painful syndromes. If conservative treatment (analgesics, anticonvulsants, antidepressants, and local infiltration with steroids or anaesthetic agents) has no effect, surgical treatment is applied. Styloid syndrome is underrepresented in neurological literature. The syndrome is considered important, because it is clinically similar to many other painful cranio-facial syndromes; it is difficult to be recognized, and the patient should be treated adequately.
A review of current methods in the diagnostics of morphological changes in chronic pancreatitis
Authors: Alempijevic Tamara , Krstic Miodrag , Jovanovic Ivan , Popovic Dragan
Published: February 2009

Chronic pancreatitis is a disease with well-defined histopathology, however, the diagnosis is not based on the grading of histological changes, but on the features registered by the methods of morphological and functional diagnostic procedures. The correct diagnosis of chronic pancreatitis is easy in advanced stages, but difficult in early stages of the disease. In this review, we present the current methods used (echosonography, computer tomography, magnetic resonance, endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography, endoscopic echosonography) in the diagnostics of chronic pancreatitis.
The possibilities of prosthetic rehabilitation of shortened dental arches in elderly patients
Authors: Tihacek-Sojic Ljiljana , Stancic Ivica , Jelenkovic Aleksandra , Milic-Lemic Aleksandra
Published: February 2009

Introduction. Functional consequences of posterior tooth loss are multiple; late and inadequate rehabilitation lead to further collapse of stomatognathic system, which is especially distinct in elderly population. Aim of this paper is to present advantages and disadvantages of different modalities of prosthetic treatment of shortened dental arch in elderly patients. Treatment with overdentures are convenient in this population because it is non-invasive and reversible. Periodontal problems and root caries are main complications of this treatment, but denture relaying after extraction and easy conversion into complete dentures facilitate resolving this complications. Removable partial dentures are one of the mostly indicated treatments for shortened dental arch. They improve masticatory efficiency, but disadvantages are in inferior aesthetic characteristics and comfort. Mechanical failures can be avoid by detailed analyze and correct planning. Treatment of shortened dental arch with fixed partial denture with distal extension can be very convenient solution for elderly patient. Osseointegration process and implant treatment promises every day more in prosthetic rehabilitation of elderly. Relayed prosthetic rehabilitation is recommended, not because of longer process of ossteointegration, but because of delayed recovery of soft tissues and general health condition of elderly. Conclusion. Each of before mentioned therapy modalities have its advantages and disadvantages in meaning of technical procedure, duration in function, possible complications and patient's comfort and satisfaction. In elderly patients, possible complications are more complex; therefore treatment must be done quickly, efficiently, and having in mind patient's general and oral health condition, level of cooperation and economic status.
Oral myiasis
Authors: Leite Cavalcanti , Lucas Neto , de Farias , Morais Lucas , de Castro
Published: February 2009

Oral myiasis is a rare disease that is most common in developing countries and is associated with poor oral hygiene, suppurating lesions, severe halitosis and other predisposing conditions. This paper describes a case of oral myiasis in a 22-year-old female patient who presented with acute upper lip swelling with an extensive necrotic area in the anterior region of the maxilla and fetid odor. The diagnosis was based on the typical clinical features and the visual presence of the larvae. The patient's management included surgical exploration to remove the larvae and the necrotic tissue, followed by scaling and oral hygiene instruction. Upon treatment, the larvae were eliminated, and complete lesion healing and remission of symptoms were observed within 21 days.
Prediction of densification and microstructure evolution for α-Al2O3 during pressureless sintering at low heating rates based on the master sintering curve theory
Authors: Shao W.Q. , Chen S.O. , Li D. , Cao H.S. , Zhang Y.C. , Zhang S.S.
Published: February 2009

The master sintering curve (MSC), in which the sintered density is a unique function of the integral of a temperature function over time, is insensitive to the heating path. Densification of ?-Al2O3 with the mean particle size of 2.5?m was continuously recorded during heating at 0.5, 2 and 5oC/min. A MSC was successfully constructed using dilatometry data with the help of a combined-stage sintering model. The validity of the MSC was verified by seveal experimental runs. The microstructural evolution with densification during different heating-rate sintering was explored. The sintered microstructure is a function of the time-temperature sintering conditions, and it is verified that there exists a link between sintered density and microstructure. The MSC can be used to predict and control microstructure evolution during sintering of ?-Al2O3 ceramics.
Electrical characterization and impedance response of lanthanum doped barium titanate ceramics
Authors: Mancic D. , Paunovic V. , Vijatovic M. , Stojanovic B. , Zivkovic Lj.
Published: February 2009

The dielectric permittivity and dissipation factor of La-doped and undoped BaTiO3 were investigated as a function of frequency and temperature. The impedance response was used to study the electrical properties of La-doped BaTiO3 over the temperature range from room temperature (RT) to 350?C. La-doped and undoped BaTiO3, obtained by a modified Pechini method, were sintered in air at 1300?C for 2 and 16 hours. The impedance spectra were analyzed in terms of equivalent circuits involving resistors, capacitors and constant phase elements (CPE). The most suitable electrical circuit for the interpretation of experimental results is found to be the equivalent circuit consisting of resistors and CPE elements which replace the capacitor elements. The contribution of grain boundary resistance to the total resistance of a system is remarkable at low temperature. Dielectric permittivity of doped BaTiO3 was in the range of 8000 to 12000 at 1 kHz and the dissipation factor was less than 1%.
The effect of structural changes on magnetic permeability of amorphous powder Ni80Co20
Authors: Maricic A. , Spasojevic M. , Arnaut S. , Minic D. , Ristic M.M.
Published: February 2009

The structural changes of Ni80Co20 amorphous powder were tested during heating. The alloy was obtained by electrolysis from ammonia solution sulfate of cobalt and nickel on the titanium cathode. The differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) method was used to detect that the crystallization process of powder occurred in two stages with crystallization peaks temperatures of the first stage at 690 K and of the second stage at 790 K. The effect of structural relaxation and crystallization of powder on magnetic properties was predicted by measurement of the relative magnetic permeability change in isothermal and nonisothermal conditions. On the basis of the time change of relative magnetic permeability at a defined temperature in the temperature range of the first and second crystallization peak on the thermogram, the kinetics of crystallization was defined. It was predicted, that in the initial time interval, in the range of the first crystallization peak, the rate of crystallization is determined by the rate of nucleation of the amorphous part of the powder. However, in the second time interval, the crystallization rate is determined by the rate of diffusion. In the range of the second peak, in the beginning the rate of crystal growth is determined by activation energy of the atom pass from smaller to bigger crystal grain. In second time interval, the rate of crystal grain growth is determined by the diffusion rate of atoms to the location of integration into bigger crystal grains. For all processes which determine the rate of crystallization in temperature ranges of both crystallization peaks, the Arrhenius temperature dependence of rate for those processes is obtained. The relative magnetic permeability of crystallized powder at 873 K, is smaller for about 30 % than the relative magnetic permeability of fresh powder at room temperature. However, structurally relaxed powder at 573 K has an about 22 % larger magnetic permeability than the same fresh powder at room temperature.
Qualitative case study in pedagogical research: Cognitive possibilities and limitations
Authors: Sevkusic Slavica
Published: February 2009

This paper discusses the cognitive possibilities and limitations of case study, as a qualitative research approach, and the fields of its application in studying pedagogical problems. Special attention is paid to different ways of defining and usual criticism pointed at this strategy in methodological literature of recent date: (1) general, theoretical (context independent) knowledge is much more valuable from actual, practical (context dependent) knowledge; (2) one cannot perform generalizations based on an individual case and therefore case study cannot contribute to the development of science; (3) case study is the most useful in generating hypotheses, that is, for the first phase of research process, while other methods are more suitable for testing hypotheses and building a theory; (4) case study tends to be partial towards verification, that is, the tendency of a researcher to confirm his/her previously established concepts; (5) it is often very difficult to present in brief the specific case study, and especially difficult to deduce general suggestions and theories on the basis of a specific case study. The objections, therefore, regard the possibility of theory development, reliability and validity of the approach, or doubt in its scientific status. The author of this paper discusses the justifiability of these objections and points out to different methodological procedures of arranging and analyzing the data collected for studying the case, which contribute to the reliability of this research approach. As a general conclusion, it is stated that the case method contains all the features relevant for studying pedagogical phenomena: preservation of the integrality of the phenomenon, appreciation of its context, developmental dimension and complementariness of different data sources.
Self-image and value orientations of adolescents
Authors: Joksimovic Snezana , Janjetovic Dragan
Published: February 2009

Self-image or self-consciousness comprises thoughts, feelings, evaluations and predictions about oneself and one's own behavior. Subject of the research is the linkage between self-conceptualization of adolescents and their value orientations. The aim is to determine whether there exists a correlation between locus of control and general self-esteem as elements of self-conceptualisation, on the one side, and value orientations of adolescents on the other. The Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale and the locus of control scale by Bezinovic and Savcic were used for studying the components of self-conceptualisation. Values were operationalised using the desirability of certain goals in life and preference of different lifestyles. Research was conducted on the sample of 176 grammar school pupils aged 15 to 18. The findings indicate that adolescents who are characterized by the external locus of control accept hedonist, activist, social and cognitive lifestyle in a larger degree. Self-esteem is positively correlated with the aspiration towards becoming rich, and negatively with the desire for acquiring knowledge, care about others and activist way of living. The finding that the young of higher self-esteem are not oriented towards education, helping others and advocating for common good, can be ascribed to insufficient appreciation of these values in the environment they live in. The obtained findings point out to the need to reaffirm and encourage these values in youth, as well as to pay more attention to value education of pupils in school.
Relations between physical self-concept and physical exercise of primary school pupils
Authors: Lazarevic Dusanka , Radisavljevic Snezana , Milanovic Ivana
Published: February 2009

This paper is a presentation of the results of the research of the relation between the physical self-concept and physical exercise of primary school pupils. The starting point is a multidimensional model of physical self-concept by Marsh and his associates. The aim of the research was to study the characteristics of physical self-concept of primary school pupils with regard to the degree of involvement in physical exercise and sports. It was also examined whether there are gender differences in the characteristics of the physical self-concept of pupils, as well as relations between physical self-concept and physical exercise within gender groups, with regard to the degree of involvement in physical exercise and sports. The research was conducted on the sample of 469 primary school pupils (225 boys and 244 girls), from the 6th to 8th grade, of average age of 13,6. The Physical Self- Description Questionnaire (PSDQ) of Marsh and associates was applied. The results indicate the existence of statistically significant differences in the characteristics of the physical self-concept in favour of the group of pupils who, besides physical education classes, are additionally involved in physical exercise and sports. Some differences were expressed in certain characteristics of physical self-concept between boys and girls, and the results also indicate larger differences in the characteristics of the physical self-concept in the sample of girls than boys, when the degree of their involvement in physical exercise and sports is observed.
TIMSS 2003: Relating dimensions of mathematics attitude to mathematics achievement
Authors: Kadijevic Djordje
Published: February 2009

This study, which used a sample of 137,346 students from thirty three countries that participated in the TIMSS 2003 project in the eighth grade, examined the features of the individual and collective relations of three dimensions of mathematics attitude to mathematics achievement (MA), searching for the dimension mostly related to that achievement. The three dimensions of mathematics attitude were self-confidence in learning mathematics (SCLM), liking mathematics (LM) and usefulness of mathematics (UM). By utilizing psychometrically valid and reliable measures of the three dimensions, it was found that: (1) each dimension of mathematics attitude alone was positively related to MA for almost all thirty three countries; (2) SCLM was primarily related to MA for thirty one countries; (3) when the two other dimensions were held constant, SCLM was positively related to MA for thirty three countries, LM was negatively related to MA for thirty countries, whereas UM was not related to MA for twenty one countries; (4) positive collective relationships of SCLM, LM and UM to MA considerably varied from country to country. Implications for research and practice are included.