bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Lights! Cameras! Action!
Authors: Vitale Mark P. , Blumberg Kent M.
Published: March 2021

This chapter develops a model to optimize teaching efforts in both synchronous and asynchronous virtual learning environments to engineer a higher level of enrichment, engagement, satisfaction, and learning for students. The authors begin with a literature review identifying existing knowledge in the areas of engagement, authentic assessment, active learning, and student satisfaction. Then, based on this review and the authors' combined teaching experience of over 30 years, the widescreen learning model is defined, and success metrics are identified. The model is utilized in two different courses: one a synchronous virtual environment and one an asynchronous virtual environment. Success metrics from each of the two iterations are then reviewed prior to the authors interpreting the results and providing opportunities for future research.
Best Practices for Motivating and Supporting Learning for Adult and Non-Traditional Learners
Authors: Jennings Charity L. B.
Published: March 2021

Higher education institutions have witnessed an increase in the share of adult and non-traditional learners that make up their student bodies. With this increase in the representation of adults and non-traditional learners on college campuses comes a need to understand the unique needs that adult and non-traditional college students have when motivating them for success and providing the right learning supports. This starts with promoting a sense of belonging, so students recognize they are a valued part of the student body. Educational programs should include attention to the affective and conative domains of learning, empowering students to take responsibility for their educational journeys, promoting a growth mindset, activating learners' intrinsic motivations, creating opportunities for self-directed learning, and designing courses with supportive structures and resources.
The Use of Objectives and Feedback in a Competency-Based Curriculum
Authors: Steier Christina Marie
Published: March 2021

The chapter will synthesize concepts of human performance improvement/human performance technology (HPI/HPT) in the development of curricula that are competency-based. HPT-related curriculum elements are traced backwards from impact to input using the W. K. Kellogg foundation logic model to ensure alignment with the goals of the educational program. The use of learning and performance objectives along with timely and corrective feedback will be instrumental in the design and delivery of the competency-based curriculum. The competency-based curriculum is discussed in reference to principles of andragogy and aligned to accepted learning theories. Evaluation of the curriculum or educational program is instrumental to aligning for student success and is discussed in detail.
The Importance of Student Services for Adult Learners
Authors: Siarzynski-Ferrer Kristina , Pillar Greg D.
Published: March 2021

Institutions of higher education provide numerous support services to undergraduate students. However, it is debatable that those services assist the adult learner population because most services are structured to assist traditional undergraduate students. Gathering an understanding of factors such as the student's individual needs, age/experience, course modality preference, work, and familial obligations will allow higher education administrators and faculty to provide resources specific to the adult learner. The development of key student services such as tutoring, advising, career development, library services, and counseling with post-traditional adult learners in mind will contribute to the success of all students regardless of demographic and/or individual challenges or situations. This chapter explores how higher education institutions can best support academic success for adult learners in an environment typically designed for traditionally aged students.
Managing Corporate Terminology as an Internationalization Strategy
Authors: Cabezas-García Melania
Published: March 2021

The internationalization of economy has become a major focus in the world today. Different tasks can be carried out for the sake of internationalization, such as corporate terminology management, which ensures that the correct terms are consistently used within the company, in line with set goals. However, many enterprises do not invest in managing their terminology, which can lead to a wide range of problems. This chapter describes a general framework for managing terminology in commercial settings. The steps include (1) corpus preparation and compilation, (2) term extraction, (3) conceptual analysis, (4) identification of equivalents, and (5) representation and storage in terminology management systems. The results showed that corporate terminology management is viable, thanks to this procedure, which obviously benefits from the participation of a linguist.
Socio-Corporate Impact of the Sustainable Development Goals in Higher Education
Authors: López-Alcarria Abigail , Poza-Vilches María de Fátima , Pozo-Llorente Teresa
Published: March 2021

Today, universities face the great challenge of becoming competently sustainable institutions. A crucial role is played by SDGs in a university's progress toward sustainability, which under the umbrella of the 2030 Agenda, set out the challenges faced by these institutions. This chapter determines the extent to which the prism of sustainability is present in the strategic planning of the public universities of the Andalusian Autonomous Community (Spain) and in their governance models. For this, the authors undertook an analysis of the strategic and operational plans of these institutions, focusing on the presence of SDGs in the various lines of action contained within them. In parallel, they also carried out an analysis of the socio-corporate image that these universities project from a sustainability perspective. The results show that these universities are motivated toward implementing a sustainable governance model, but they also highlight a number of deficiencies in addressing some SDGs that are sure to become future challenges.
BIM Simulation Lab
Authors: Monizza Gabriele Pasetti , Schimanski Christoph Paul , Malacarne Giada , Matt Dominik T.
Published: March 2021

The architecture, engineering, and construction (AEC) sector is facing the digital transformation by promoting the building information modelling (BIM) as a standard methodology for the digital managing of information along the whole lifecycle of a construction work. Although small-medium enterprises (SMEs) and public administrations (PAs) are aware of the BIM benefit, they ask for pilot actions and tools for testing BIM applications in their daily activities in order to measure benefits and difficulties in detail. This chapter discusses the BIM Simulation Lab initiative which aims at establishing a laboratory for an effective and efficient BIM implementation, by promoting a physical space and specific services for supporting the territory in the DT. The authors describe the concept of the lab and they introduce an assessment method that adopts an indirect approach of the BIM benefit assessment leveraging principles from construction cost estimation and probabilistic risk management.
Quality of Urban Walking Routes
Authors: Bocconcino Maurizio Marco , Vozzola Mariapaola , Rabbia Anna
Published: March 2021

The northern area of Turin is involved in complex processes of transformation and regeneration articulated in a plurality of functions that support social revitalization and housing policies alongside temporary residential and commercial interventions. A specific district of Turin, Pietra Alta, is presented as an application case of the indicators and graphic codes that the methodological approach of the research is gradually outlining. The results, guided and supported by effective modes of representation, broaden the understanding of the hierarchy and criteria of the needs to move independently on foot and confirm that, given a safe and comfortable environment, people seek utility, a sense of belonging, and pleasantness as additional and distinct needs to enhance their experience of living in the city. Using survey data and assuming relief given by geo-referenced interviews, the proposed work emphasizes the integration of residents' perceptions and objective measures to understand the impact of environmental features on the behavior of neighborhood residents.
Customized Data Capture for BIM
Authors: Gudmundsson Kjartan , Digregorio Giuseppe , Cui Jiayu
Published: March 2021

Building information models (BIMs) make it possible to share structured data in the planning and building process and during the live cycle of the building. The models can be enrichened with information in all stages from planning to end-of-life. Predefined information requirements, data structures, and file formats allow the model to be used for design, cost planning, and time scheduling as well as analysis of building performance, and ideally also for facilities management. This chapter describes the possibilities of using application programming interfaces (APIs) to enhance the usefulness of BIM models. This provides the user with the possibility of creating own applications with real time bidirectional data exchange. Of particular interest is the exchange of data with web-based data sources. The applicability is illustrated with examples of environmental analysis based on web-based data and the use of web-based forms to enrichen BIM models with data input from building users.
Participatory Design of Use Cases for an IoT Open Platform to Support Smart Urban Development
Authors: Schweigkofler Alice , Romagnoli Katrien , Salas Gabriel Sanz , Steiner Dieter , Riedl Michael , Matt Dominik
Published: March 2021

The chapter describes the approach for the South Tyrolean city of Meran in the creation of use cases and the implementation of an urban agenda (roadmap) for the development of the city from a smart city perspective, with the involvement of citizens, experts, and local administrators. A list of key services, based on a technical and economic pre-feasibility study and social impact assessment, has been developed and will be able to be provided through a digital platform. In particular, the example of the concrete development of a use case about public lighting is presented in detail: starting from the identification of the use case to the execution of the installation of 100 intelligent streetlights and 5 test-sites for the monitoring of water consumption up to the visualization of the collected data.
Digital Twin for Maintenance Information Management
Authors: Mecca Umberto , Moglia Giuseppe , Prizzon Francesco , Rebaudengo Manuela
Published: March 2021

BIM and the construction sector have long been an inseparable pair: in many European Countries it is a consolidated practice while in others there is a big debate about it but. Although there are important signs of a turning point, it still does not seem to be really feasible. In Italy, the leverage for transformation is certainly the public works sector, but this is not enough: to really talk about a whole digitization of the AEC sector, it is necessary to “attract” the private sector, where more than 50% of investments are invested. The chapter will attempt, starting from an Italian framework overview, to assess the main perceived obstacles of the applicability of a BIM model for facility management. The tool chosen by the authors as a preliminary approach to the problem, the SWOT analysis, allows an effective synthesis of the strengths and weaknesses resulting from such implementation.
BLOFF
Authors: Agbedanu Promise , Jurcut Anca Delia
Published: March 2021

In this era of explosive growth in technology, the internet of things (IoT) has become the game changer when we consider technologies like smart homes and cities, smart energy, security and surveillance, and healthcare. The numerous benefits provided by IoT have become attractive technologies for users and cybercriminals. Cybercriminals of today have the tools and the technology to deploy millions of sophisticated attacks. These attacks need to be investigated; this is where digital forensics comes into play. However, it is not easy to conduct a forensic investigation in IoT systems because of the heterogeneous nature of the IoT environment. Additionally, forensic investigators mostly rely on evidence from service providers, a situation that can lead to evidence contamination. To solve this problem, the authors proposed a blockchain-based IoT forensic model that prevents the admissibility of tampered logs into evidence.
Blockchain and PUF-Based Secure Transaction Procedure for Bitcoin
Authors: Narasimhan Sivasankari
Published: March 2021

In the blockchain, the transaction hashes are implemented through public-key cryptography and hash functions. Hence, there is a possibility for the two users to choose the same private key knowingly or unknowingly. Even the intruders can follow the particular user's bitcoin transaction, and they can masquerade as that user by generating the private and public key pairs of him. If it happens, the user may lose his transaction. Generally, bitcoin technology uses random numbers from 1 to 2256. It is a wide range, but for a greater number of users, there should be one another solution. There is a possibility of digital prototyping which leads to the loss of more accounts. This chapter provides the device-specific fingerprint technology known as physical unclonable function (PUF) to be employed for authentication in a blockchain-based bitcoin environment. The random unique response from PUF ensures correct transaction. In this chapter, a new tetrahedral oscillator PUF has been introduced intrinsically. All the blockchain operations are carried out and verified with PUF response.
Financial Literacy and Innovation Performance in SMEs
Authors: Campos Valenzuela Marta , Martínez-Martínez Sofía Louise , Diéguez Soto Julio
Published: March 2021

Innovation is an essential aspect for the sustainable development of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). Defining formulas to encourage innovation is therefore crucial. Financial literacy is an area of growing interest in both theory and practice and its relationship with innovation performance has been little studied. This chapter examines the importance of financial literacy for business innovation and the effect that risk-taking has on this relationship. Using a quantitative approach, 309 Spanish SMEs of different sectors are analysed. A mediation analysis shows both a direct and an indirect positive effect on innovation. Thus, this chapter brings insights, developing the existing literature of SMEs. So, it contributes to broaden the scope of the innovation and therefore the sustainable development of these firms. Practical implications are presented for four differentiated areas, which may enhance the sustainable development of SMEs: business management, entrepreneurship, public policies, and university.
Semantic Web-Linked Data and Libraries
Authors: Rahaman Wasim
Published: March 2021

The present society is considered an information society. A society where the creation, distribution, use, integration, and manipulation of digital information have become the most significant activity in all aspects. Information is producing from every sector of any society, which has resulted in an information explosion. Modern technologies are also having a huge impact. So managing this voluminous information is really a tough job. Again WWW has opened the door to connect anyone or anything within a fraction of a second. This study discussed the Semantic Web and linked data technologies and their effect and application to libraries for the handling of various types of resources.
E-Resources Marketing in African Academic Libraries
Authors: Zibani Patiswa , Kalusopa Trywell
Published: March 2021

Significant changes are taking place in the digital information environment that necessitate a marketing-oriented paradigm shift in the delivery of e-resources in most academic libraries in Africa. These changes present different challenges and prospects in terms of newer skills and programming that require a high degree of adaptability to well-designed marketing ethos in the delivery of e-resources offerings to the increasingly diverse and sophisticated clientele in the academic environment in Africa. This chapter examines the challenges and prospects of marketing e-resources in the digital environment in academic libraries in Africa. It explores the holistic marketing readiness of academic libraries in terms of product orientation, promotion, pricing, delivery channels, skills-set and atmospherics that would ensure that the ultimate exchange of value to their clientele is sustained over time. This will accentuate the survival and relevance of African academic libraries in the current dynamic, competitive, and technology-driven environment in the world.
Effect of Terrorism Financing on Selected Global Indices
Authors: Memdani Laila , Kademi Tasiu Tijjani , Rafay Abdul
Published: March 2021

Investment is a part and parcel of life. There are various avenues to invest and one of those is the stock market. But the decision of the investor depends on various factors and one of these factors is terrorism. The chapter focuses on the long and short-run association (LSA) and the influence of terrorism on major global stock indices and gold. The Paris attacks of 2015 are taken as a base, and the ARDL model is used to study the long and short-run impact on the selected stock indices. An attempt is also made to study the impact of terrorism on the stock returns using the Miller and Modigliani model. The study reveals a short-run impact of terrorism on the five selected global indices, but there is no long-run impact.
Fraud Risk Management in Banks
Authors: Sinha Abhishek
Published: March 2021

White collar crimes refer to the criminal activities by a professional holding a responsible position in the organization. Banking frauds are one of the most pronounced forms of white collar crimes. These frauds impact the reputation of the bank and also effects its financial sustainability. The chapter entails the frauds that happen in banks and identifies reasons for the failure of banks to prevent such frauds. The author pinpoints the best practices in developing fraud prevention frameworks and emphasizes the importance of corporate governance in preventing such frauds. Best practices and future trends are also identified that are important to prevent and detect banking frauds.
The Effects of Gratification, Trust, and Platform Quality on the Continuance Use of Ride-Sharing Services in a Developing Country
Authors: Alhassan Muftawu Dzang , Adam Ibrahim Osman
Published: March 2021

The advent of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) has enabled the rise of ride-sharing services allowing individuals to access and request rides at a reasonably lower fee and their convenience thereby disrupting the delivery of traditional taxi services. Despite the promise of this sector, Information Systems (IS) research indicates a dearth of research examining the post-adoption behaviour of individuals in this sector. Furthermore, the concentration of studies in the developed world where the ride-sharing economy is more advanced has created an aperture of studies in the developing world. Relying on data from 133 respondents of ride-sharing services in Ghana and the Uses and Gratification (U&G) theory, we develop and analyze a model using Partial Least Squares-Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) to understand the effects of gratification, trust, and platform quality on the continuance use of ride-sharing services. Our findings revealed that enjoyment, integrative benefits, trust, and platform quality significantly influence satisfaction. Furthermore, satisfaction was found to positively influence the continuance use intention of ride-sharing services. The moderating effects of education and user experience showed support for some relationships. Our findings, provide valuable insights into the post-adoption behaviour of users in the ride-sharing economy and offer some implications and future research directions.
Italian SME Crisis and the Support Offered by Management Consulting
Authors: Bongarzoni Paolo
Published: March 2021

The effects of the EU measures and the financial crisis limited the potential growth of the Italian small medium enterprises (in term of loss of productivity, increase of unemployment rate, and decrease of customers purchase power). Together with these two factors, the Italian economic system competitiveness (whose backbone is represented by the SMEs) was negatively affected by the “digital disruption.” The purpose of this article is to critically analyse the main causes of this competitiveness loss for Italian SMEs and the role of strategy consultants in helping them to improve their results and their presence in local and international markets. Leveraging on their past industry/service line experience and massive investment in digital transformation (e.g., acquisitions of IT companies, alliances, specialization in software/tools, and internal reorganization), strategy consultants are able to assess, suggest, and implement their clients' digital strategy.
Application of Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning Techniques in Classifying Extent of Dementia Across Alzheimer's Image Data
Authors: Ghosh Robin , Cingreddy Anirudh Reddy , Melapu Venkata , Joginipelli Sravanthi , Kar Supratik
Published: March 2021

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is one of the most common forms of dementia and the sixth-leading cause of death in older adults. The presented study has illustrated the applications of deep learning (DL) and associated methods, which could have a broader impact on identifying dementia stages and may guide therapy in the future for multiclass image detection. The studied datasets contain around 6,400 magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) images, each segregated into the severity of Alzheimer's classes: mild dementia, very mild dementia, non-dementia, moderate dementia. These four image specifications were used to classify the dementia stages in each patient applying the convolutional neural network (CNN) algorithm. Employing the CNN-based in silico model, the authors successfully classified and predicted the different AD stages and got around 97.19% accuracy. Again, machine learning (ML) techniques like extreme gradient boosting (XGB), support vector machine (SVM), k-nearest neighbor (KNN), and artificial neural network (ANN) offered accuracy of 96.62%, 96.56%, 94.62, and 89.88%, respectively.
Pre-Processed Tweets for Secure Capital Market Analysis Using Cloud
Authors: Gupta Sangeeta , Aluvalu Rajanikanth
Published: March 2021

Huge crowds heading towards smart investment options need a secure and trustworthy environment to earn good profits. Twitter, a social networking platform, is a major source generating huge information on share market consortium. People get excited when they come across the tweets that specify the shares yielding huge profits within a short time. Due to this, they end up tweeting about their credentials and amount they are willing to invest. It paves a path for the intruders to access confidential data and leave the common man in danger by gaining access and misusing the information. Towards this end, the goal of this work is to address the challenge of providing better inputs to the customers interested to invest in the share market in a secure way to earn better returns on investment. In this work, as a first module, pre-processing techniques are used to remove the unwanted characters from tweets. In the second part, to enhance the security, encryption module is developed, and the data is then stored in Cassandra. It is observed from results that the time taken to encrypt 100,000 tweets after pre-processing is 500 msec, and the time taken to decrypt the same set of 100,000 tweets is 50 msec, respectively. This shows the effectiveness of the proposed work in terms of attaining better and fast outcomes for a huge set of tweets after filling the voids by pre-processing techniques.
Entrepreneurial Leadership and Its Impact on Strategic Ambidexterity
Authors: Al-Heneiti Salem A. , Irtaimeh Hani Jaza'a
Published: March 2021

This study aims to know the impact of entrepreneurial leadership on strategic ambidexterity through the mediating role of knowledge sharing in Tala Abu-Ghazaleh International Group. It also aims to know the concepts of entrepreneurial leadership, strategic ambidexterity, and knowledge sharing. In order to achieve the study objectives, the analytical descriptive method is used. The survey method has also been used for sample selection by distributing the questionnaire electronically to all members of the study population around the world, composed of all managers of top and middle departments in Talal Abu-Ghazaleh International Group, with a total of 170 managers, where 142 questionnaires were returned, which are good enough for analysis since they constitute 83.5% of all distributed questionnaires. The study results show an increase in the relative significance of entrepreneurial leadership, strategic ambidexterity, knowledge sharing, and an impact of entrepreneurial leadership on strategic ambidexterity in the presence of knowledge sharing in Tala Abu-Ghazaleh International Group.
The Role of Information Technology in Managing the Conflicts of Long-Distance Partners
Authors: Naz Gremil Alessandro Alcazar
Published: March 2021

This study sought to understand the role of information technology (IT) in managing the conflicts of Filipinos in long-distance relationships (LDRs). Specifically, it aimed to know the conflicts Filipinos in LDRs usually experience, how these conflicts are managed with the help of IT, their conflict communication practices, and the values necessary for LDR maintenance. Ten Filipinos in LDRs were interviewed in depth. Results showed that the common conflicts identified by the study participants were on childrearing, failure to communicate on the appointed date and time, delayed and unsent text messages, the husband's drinking, and gossips related to the husband's alleged infidelity. IT was a big help in managing these conflicts because it allowed effective communication, with video telephony as the most preferred technology. According to the study participants, the personal characteristics that contribute to LDR maintenance are cool-headedness, self-control, patience, and humility.
The Moderated Mediation of Behavioral Intention on Knowledge Management Systems
Authors: Akour Iman , Obayssi Azza , Albaity Mohamed , Zeidan Yaser
Published: March 2021

Systems that support knowledge management systems (KMS) practices can add significant value. However, merely having a KMS may not necessarily guarantee success for KMS projects. Capturing valuable organizational knowledge in KMS remains an issue. Thus, new solutions that can increase meaningful use of KMS must be investigated. This study aims at examining the direct and indirect link between performance expectancy (PE), facilitating conditions (FC), and social influence (SI) and the use of KMS through behavioral intention (BI) in United Arab Emirates (UAE) companies. In addition, the study aims to investigate the moderated effect of gender on the indirect link between KMS and all the variables. Data of 162 was collected from individuals of different companies in UAE. The results suggest that FC and BI positively and significantly influence KMS. On the mediating effect, BI mediates the link between PE and FC. Lastly, females appear to score higher in PE and FC. The study provides evidence that FC and BI are relevant factors influencing KMS in enterprises in the UAE.
Laboratory Assessment of Dense Graded Asphalt Concrete Incorporating Coal Furnace Ash in South of Vietnam
Authors: Dang Dang Tung , Nguyen Manh Tuan , Hoang Ngoc Tram , Le Anh Thang
Published: March 2021

Currently, application of industrial waste or by-product in road construction industrials is a major interest by researchers, government officers and engineers. Coal ashes by-product from industrial parks negatively impact environment, costly in treatment, and require large ground for disposing areas. Therefore, this paper proposes on using the coal ash from furnace products of an industrial park in South of Vietnam to be incorporated into dense graded asphalt concrete using Nominal Maximum Aggregate Size 12.5mm. Laboratory performance tests including Marshall stability, indirect tensile strength, Cantabro loss, and dynamic fatigue test were conducted. The effects of coal ash contents in replacement of fine aggregate which is passing 4.75mm sieve from asphalt mixture into laboratory performance of mixture is also discussed in detail.
Experimental of Inverted-T Shape Reinforced Concrete Wall Subjected to Blast Load
Authors: Seman Mazlan Abu , Syed Mohsin Sharifah Maszura , Zaidi Ahmad Mujahid Ahmad , Koslan Md Fuad Shah , Jaini Zainorizuan Mohd
Published: March 2021

Reinforced concrete (RC) widely used as the construction material for the main structural element for many significant structures such as bridge and building because of its relatively high strength and economical. However, there still lacks research published regarding the appropriate reinforcement steel arrangement in a complete RC structure subjected to blast load. Most of the published experimental works focused on the small rectangular or square RC panel. From the record search, the approved design by professional engineers, when RC wall subjected to the possibility of blast load, both RC wall details either retaining wall or shear wall implemented. Therefore, the full-scale blast experiment is vital to appraise the appropriate steel reinforcement arrangement in the RC wall. The blast experiment indicated, with different steel reinforcement arrangement in the RC wall, the better blast resistance with the number of cracks on the RC wall is significantly less from one another for the wall with the arrangement of horizontal flexural reinforcement tied-outside the vertical flexural reinforcement and the hooked-in direction of vertical flexural steel reinforcement into the wall base.
Static Electroplating of Iron Triad on Fastener Washers
Authors: Hyie Koay Mei , Budin Salina , Maideen Normariah Che , Rahmawan Yudi
Published: March 2021

Fasteners are commonly used in construction industry for parts joining purpose. There are many types of construction fasteners such as stud, bolt, anchor, nut, screw, and washer. The major problem of the fastener made by carbon steel is the poor resistance to corrosion. Electroplating is a simple yet low-cost tool to give a strong corrosion protection coating layer on the carbon steel. This study was performed to investigate the effect of current and deposition time on the iron triad (cobalt-nickel-iron) electroplating on the fastener washer. The experiment was conducted at 50 °C, pH 1-3 and at different electroplating time (30 minutes to 90 minutes) and current (0.2 A to 0.5 A). Burnt-out surface coating was observed on the fastener washer when the current was more than 0.4 A. A field test was carried out for 60 days to observe the corrosion behavior and performance of the products. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis showed that a thin protection layer with 5.64 µm was formed at 60 minutes of electroplating time and 0.4 A of current. The surface roughness of the fastener washer was increased by increasing the electroplating time and current. The hardness was also improved with higher current and electroplating time if compared to the original fastener washer. The result of this study confirmed that a strong adhesive corrosion resistant layer to the fastener washer was using the current of 0.4 A (77 mA/cm2) and the electroplating time of 60 minutes.
Effect of Gas Microbubble Injection and Narrow Channel Structure on Cavitation Damage in Mercury Target Vessel
Authors: Naoe Takashi , Kinoshita Hidetaka , Kogawa Hiroyuki , Wakui Takashi , Wakai Eiichi , Haga Katsuhiro , Takada Hiroshi
Published: March 2021

The target vessel, which enclosing liquid mercury, for the pulsed spallation neutron source at the J-PARC is severely damaged by cavitation caused by proton beam-induce pressure waves in mercury. To mitigate the cavitation damage, we adopted a double-walled structure with a narrow channel for the mercury at the beam window of the target vessel. The narrow channel disturbs the growth of cavitation bubbles due to the pressure gradient. In addition, gas microbubbles are injected into the mercury to suppress the pressure waves. After finishing service operation, the front end of the target vessel was cut out to inspect the effect of those cavitation damage mitigation technologies on the interior surface. The damage depth of the cutout specimens for the original design type and double-walled target vessels were quantitatively investigated by the replica method. The results showed that the double-walled target facing mercury with gas microbubbles operate 1812 MWh for an average power of 434 kW is equivalent to the damage of original design target operated 1048 MWh for average power of 181 kW. The erosion depth due to cavitation in the narrow channel is clearly smaller than on the wall facing bubbly mercury.
Neutron Radiation Effects on Lubricants and O-Rings for Target and Accelerator Applications
Authors: Ferrari Matteo , Zenoni Aldo , Lee Yong Joong , Andrighetto Alberto
Published: March 2021

Lubricants and O-rings are necessarily used for the construction of many accelerator-driven facilities as spallation sources or facilities for the production of radioactive isotopes. During operation, such component will absorb high doses of mixed neutron and gamma radiation, that can degrade their mechanical and structural properties. Experimental radiation damage tests of these components are mandatory for the construction of the facility. Methodologies for irradiation in nuclear reactor mixed fields and post-irradiation examination of lubricating oils, greases and O-rings were developed and are here presented. Samples were characterized with standard mechanical and physical-chemical tests. Parametric studies on the dose rate effects have been performed on O-rings. A case studies for a specific O-ring application in a gate valve has been developed. Some of the tested samples showed a dramatic change of their properties with dose, while others remain stable. Results were collected on nine commercial greases, on one oil and on four commercial elastomeric O-rings. The most radiation resistant among the selected products are now considered for application in facilities under construction. The main mechanisms of neutron and gamma radiation damage on these polymers were investigated at the mechanical and structural level.
KENS-II, its History from Design to Removal
Authors: Kawai Masayoshi , Ikeda Susumu , Ino Takashi
Published: March 2021

KENS-II is the second generation of the spallation neutron source at KEK which was operated from December 1, 2000 to March 22, 2006 supplying neutron beam to the neutron spectrometers of material science. The present paper reviews history of the KENS-II from its design to removal together with its performance for the neutron scattering experiments.
Advance of CSNS Solid Target
Authors: Wei Shao Hong , Ji Quan , Jia Xue Jun , Zhang Rui Qiang , Zhou Ke , Liang Tian Jiao
Published: March 2021

A 100 kW solid target was successfully developed for the CSNS phase one. Tungsten was selected as the CSNS target material and a layer of tantalum with a thickness of only 0.3mm as a protective layer. Eleven target blocks were fixed in parallel in a stainless steel target container with 1.2mm gap between each block. Using a specially designed spreader, the target plug can be easily replaced. The parameters of the target were stable and normal in the course of more than a year of operation, the temperature rise of the target cooling water inlet and outlet increased as the proton beam power increased.
Effect of Oxygen Concentration in Static Pb-Bi Eutectic on Corrosion Mode of Aluminum-Alloyed Austenitic Steels at 550 °C for 1000 h
Authors: Tsisar Valentyn , Zhou Zhang Jian , Wedemeyer Olaf , Skrypnik Aleksandr , Schroer Carsten
Published: March 2021

Corrosion behavior of Fe-18Ni-12Cr-2.30Al and Fe-18Ni-12Cr-2.90Al-Nb-C austenitic steels was investigated in static Pb-Bi eutectic at 550 °C for 1000 h depending on the concentration of dissolved oxygen in the liquid metal. In the concentration range from 1012 to 108 mass % O, both steels underwent corrosion via dissolution resulted in the formation of spongy ferrite layer depleted in Ni and Cr and penetrated by Pb and Bi. In Pb-Bi with 106 mass % O, Fe-18Ni-12Cr-2.90Al-Nb-C steel oxidizes with formation of very thin (≤ 1 μm) Cr/Al oxide film while Fe-18Ni-12Cr-2.30Al steel shows mixed corrosion behavior represented by more intensive oxidation and dissolution. The features of corrosion response are discussed depending on the composition of steels and concentration of dissolved oxygen in the Pb-Bi eutectic.
Computational Study of Solute Effects in Tungsten under Irradiation
Authors: Suzudo Tomoaki
Published: March 2021

Tungsten (W) is suitable for solid targets of spallation neutron source due to its high neutron yield. The prediction of radiation effects of W is, therefore, of importance; especially, the influence of solute elements are complex and are not clearly known to date. We discuss here the solute effects using the first principles and kinetic Monte Carlo (KMC) calculations and show that Re and Os, which are nuclear transmutation products of W, can largely change the stability and mobility of radiation defects. Such influences of the solute elements seem to explain the unsolved mechanism of the microstructural evolution of W-based materials under irradiation.
Thermal Properties of High Density Polyethylene/Poly(Vinyl Alcohol) Fiber Composites Prepared Using Laboratory Mixing Extruder
Authors: Chafidz M.S. Achmad , Fardhyanti Dewi Selvia , Megawati  , Handayani Prima Astuti , Rizal Muhammad
Published: March 2021

This paper focuses on the preparation of High Density Polyethylene/Poly (Vinyl Alcohol) Fiber composites which was fabricated via melt blending/compounding method using a Laboratory Mixing Extruder (LME). The effect of PVA fiber concentrations (i.e. 0, 5, 10, 20, 30 wt%) on the thermal properties (i.e. melting and crystallization) of the composites was investigated. The thermal properties of the composites were analysed using a Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC). The DSC analysis results exhibited that the presence of PVA fiber did not considerably change the melting and crystallization properties of the composites. The melting temperature (Tm) of all the composites samples were similar, which was in the range of 130 - 131 °C. The highest Tm was belong to sample PVAC-20 (i.e. 20 wt% PVA fiber). In the other hand, the crystallinity index (Xc) of the HPDE/PVA fiber composites decreased with the increase of PVA fiber concentrations. The Xc of the composites decreased from 56.7 % for PVAC-0 to 49.8 % for PVAC-20. Additionally, in term of crystallization behavior of the composites, the effect of PVA loadings on the crystallization temperature (Tc) of the composites was also not significant. The Tc of all composites samples were similar, which was about 115 °C. It can be suggested that the addition of PVA fiber did not affect the crystallization process of the matrix.
Simulation and Optimization of Temperature Field of Tank Cover with Super Large Diameter during the Creep Aging Forming Process
Authors: Gao Yuan , Zhan Li Hua , Liao Hai Long , Chen Xue Ying , Huang Ming Hui
Published: March 2021

The uniformity of temperature field distribution in creep aging process is very important to the forming accuracy of components. In this paper, the temperature field distribution of 2219 aluminum alloy tank cover during aging forming is simulated by using the finite element software FLUENT, and a two-stage heating process is proposed to reduce the temperature field distribution heterogeneity. The results show that the temperature difference of the tank cover is large in the single-stage heating process, and the maximum temperature difference is above 27°C,which seriously affects the forming accuracy of the tank cover. With two-stage heating process, the temperature difference in the first stage has almost no direct impact on the forming accuracy of the top cover. In the second stage, the temperature difference of the tank cover is controlled within 10°C, compared with the single-stage heating, the maximum temperature difference is reduced by more than 17°C. The two-stage heating effectively reduces the heterogeneity of the temperature field of the top cover. The research provides technical support for the precise thermal mechanical coupling of large-scale creep aging forming components.
Damping Performance of Material Candidates for Service at 350K
Authors: Zhang Si Bin , Jiang Ze Chao , Tian Qing Chao
Published: March 2021

Vibration systems require the damping materials operating at high service temperature. In this paper, damping performance of HT100, M2052 and S316L at 350K were evaluated by applying different frequencies, strain amplitudes and heating rates. It is found that the internal friction dependence of frequency of HT100, M2052 and S316L all show a characteristic of Check function, and the resonance frequency has a negative linear correlation with the material physical parameters. The strain amplitude as well as heating rate has no obvious effect on the resonance frequencies of the materials, but significantly enhance the internal friction of the interface damping alloys such as M2052 and HT100, but small on single-phase alloys such as S316L. The internal friction mechanism for HT100 and M2052 are of static hysteresis at 350K, and HT100 and M2052 are applicable candidates for working at temperatures around 350K from the viewpoint of vibration reduction.
The Influences of Third Alloying Element on the Internal Friction Behavior and the Mechanical Properties in the Water Quenched Ti-12Mo Alloys
Authors: Zhou Zheng Cun , Du Jie , Gu Su Yi , Zhu Xiao Bin
Published: March 2021

The influences of third alloying element on the internal friction behavior and the mechanical properties in the water quenched Ti-12Mo alloys were investigated using multifunctional internal friction apparatus and mechanical testing machine, respectively. The two relaxational internal friction peaks that are named as P1 and P2 peaks were found in the water quenched Ti-12Mo alloys. Third alloying element has influences on the P1 and P2 peaks. In addition, the young modulus and yield strength are also influenced by the addition of Third alloying element.
Image Evaluation of Distribution of Carbide Particles in Repeatedly Quenched (Two and Three Times) JIS-SUJ2 Steels
Authors: Mizobe Koshiro , Matsueda Takahiro , Miyabe Yoshinobu , Kida Katsuyuki
Published: March 2021

In order to investigate the relation between prior austenite grains (PAG) and the carbide particles, we observed etched microstructure in JIS-SUJ2 steel. We traced and drew the outlines of carbide particles and analyzed some of their shape values. We confirmed that the repeated quenching can refine PAG size while keeping the optimal distribution of the carbide particles.
Retirement of a distinguished researcher - Prof. Upali S. Amarasinghe
Authors: Pathmalal M. M.
Published: March 2021

No abstract available
Piloting career development: Whole school interventions
Authors: Rawatlal Kamilla
Published: March 2021

Background: The article reports on a project that was undertaken as a pilot study for a whole-school approach (WSA) to career education intervention that was integrated into the Grade 10, Life Orientation (LO) curriculum at a public, secondary school in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.Objectives: Using an ecological framework, interventions to improve learners’ future orientation and motivation were piloted with Grade 10 learners’ at the micro-, meso- and macro-level to inform career education.Method: An approach, using an intervention and control school involving three phases was conducted. The mixed method evaluation involved the administration of baseline questionnaires to all Grade 10 learners and included, the Psychological Sense of School Membership (PSSM), the Future Orientation Scale (FOS). Multivariate analysis and repeated measures of analysis and variance were also conducted. Qualitatively, process evaluation using fidelity checklists and post intervention interviews, with key informants was conducted. Focus group sessions with learners were also utilised.Results: The findings support how career learning can be integrated and evaluated in a whole- school curriculum. In a WSA, an integrated system of career education in every secondary school is proposed.Conclusion: This research supports the call for career education to be shifted from a peripheral to a central role that can be integrated into the curriculum. This study, although in a limited way, supports the need for broader, contextual approaches to career development, and acknowledges the vital role school membership and career development play in the mental health promotion of adolescents.
Reinterpreting Paul’s perspective of celibacy in 1 Corinthians 7 in light of singlehood amongst Nigerian Christians
Authors: Ademiluka Solomon O.
Published: March 2021

In Nigeria, the rate of involuntary singlehood among women has since been on the increase. While marriage at about the age of 30–35 is not considered late for men, most often a lady is expected to be married at 25–27 years of age, and when it is not so, the life of the woman concerned is largely characterised by desperation for marriage. The article attempted a reinterpretation of Paul’s perception of celibacy in 1 Corinthians 7 considering the Nigerian Christians’ attitude to involuntary singlehood. In essence, it sought the possibility of accommodating celibacy as an accepted Christian alternative to marriage. Using the descriptive approach, the author gathered and utilised material relevant for the constraints of singlehood in Nigeria as well as the reinterpretation of celibacy in the Nigerian context. The article employed the exegetical method for the study of 1 Corinthians 7 in relation to marriage and celibacy. The article found that Nigerian single women live their lives in desperation for marriage. The situation of Nigerian singles is compounded by the general negative attitude of the church which considers marriage, as against celibacy, to be the normal course for Christians. The work concluded that Paul’s position in 1 Corinthians 7 gives room for a Christian sexuality which values celibacy as of equal status with marriage. The church in Nigeria should develop a sexual theology that accepts sexuality in this way. In this way, marriage and celibacy become complimentary to each other in the pursuit of the church’s mission.Intradisciplinary and/or interdisciplinary implications: This research involved the disciplines of the New Testament and Christian Ethics. It reinterpreted Paul’s perspective of celibacy in 1 Corinthians 7 in the Nigerian context. The article postulated that a sexual theology based on this perspective would enable Nigerian Christian singles to see singlehood as a possible calling to serve God.
Cerebral Infarction Following Bee Sting
Authors: Balagopal Krishnan , Muraleedharan Anand , Koshy Ansa Grace , Jacob Jerin Peter
Published: March 2021

Although bee stings can cause local reactions, neurovascular complications are rare. The venom toxins of honeybee cause anaphylactic allergic reactions and both cerebral infarction and hemorrhage. Diverse pathophysiological mechanisms have been postulated for the occurrence of these strokes. A 50-year-old man developed a focal neurologic deficit 6 h after a bee sting, which was confirmed to be acute cerebral infarction on magnetic resonance imaging scan.