bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Políticas curriculares no campo da alfabetização no Brasil: dos avanços teórico-epistemológico-didáticos ao apagão contemporâneo
Authors: Oliveira-Mendes Solange Alves de , Leite Carlinda
Published: August 2024

RESUMO O estudo que este artigo apresenta teve como objetivo identificar concepções de alfabetização e letramento na versão homologada da Base Nacional Comum Curricular - BNCC (Brasil, 2017) e na Política Nacional de Alfabetização - PNA (Brasil, 2019). Apoiando-se em discussões teóricas relativas àqueles campos e às políticas curriculares, expõe uma pesquisa documental amparada pela análise temática de conteúdo. Como resultados, em relação à alfabetização na BNCC, verifica-se uma perspectiva assentada no ensino do código alfabético e na mecânica da leitura, suprimindo a expressão sistema de escrita alfabética, tão disseminada na literatura brasileira. No eixo do letramento, embora mantenha a ideia de uso social da língua, tendo como base os diversos gêneros textuais, estabelece uma desnecessária compreensão de superação entre o letramento das letras e o que é proposto como letramentos digitais ou multiletramentos. Em relação à PNA, verificou-se notório retrocesso em relação à alfabetização, cuja referência é a ciência cognitiva da leitura. Esse documento remonta o tradicional método sintético fônico, e claramente comete equívocos conceituais e epistemológicos quanto à escrita alfabética, à norma ortográfica e à leitura. Também aposta em uma conceituação e progressão pouco claras de literacia ao longo da escolarização básica e contraria o exposto no Plano Nacional de Educação, reduzindo a consolidação da alfabetização de três para um ano de duração. O estudo demonstrou um nítido apagão histórico-epistemológico-didático da alfabetização e do letramento.
Diálogos [inter]ditados: formação de professores no âmbito da política nacional de alfabetização e o currículo [im]posto
Authors: Santos Jânio Nunes dos , Santos Adriana Cavalcanti dos
Published: August 2024

RESUMO Intencionando analisar a relação entre a formação continuada no âmbito da Política Nacional de Alfabetização - PNA com o currículo [im]posto, pensando os diálogos [inter]ditados emolduradores de tantos outros discursos que ultrapassam a pretensão da palavra una/única, a partir do Curso Práticas de Alfabetização, lança-se o olhar para as materialidades discursivas “Práticas de Alfabetização: Livro do Professor Alfabetizador - Estratégias” (Brasil, 2021a) e “Práticas de Alfabetização: Livro de Atividades” (Brasil, 2021b). De natureza qualitativa (Sampieri; Collado; Lucio, 2013), vale-se da Análise Dialógica Discursiva (ADD) (Brait, 2006), em vista dos enunciados concretos do Discurso Oficial a partir das materialidades referidas, dialogando com autores do campo do discurso (Bakhtin, 2011; 2017; Volochinov, 2017); das políticas educacionais (Ball, 2001); do Currículo (Lopes, 2004; Lopes; Macedo, 2011); da alfabetização (Soares, 2004; 2020), dentre outros. Os resultados são indicadores de que, assim como as políticas anteriores, a PNA, enquanto voz de autoridade, atravessa o currículo oficial da alfabetização, podendo refletir nos discursos e práticas dos professores alfabetizadores, mesmo no seio do processo de recontextualização. Ao ditar “novos” sentidos e significados para a alfabetização enquanto habilidade assentada no código linguístico, [im]põe o currículo para o círculo alfabetizador, privilegiando os conteúdos e estratégias ancorados na instrução fônica sistemática, interditando as demais possibilidades de significação: escrita como código; alfabetização como habilidade de codificar/decodificar; método fônico; foco no ensino da relação grafema-fonema e no isolamento de fonemas.
[Inter]Dicted dialogues: teacher training within the context of the national literacy policy and the [im]posed curriculum
Authors: Santos Jânio Nunes dos , Santos Adriana Cavalcanti dos
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT Intending to analyze the relationship between continued training within the scope of the National Literacy Policy - PNA with the [im]posed curriculum, thinking about the [inter]dicted dialogues that frame so many other discourses that go beyond the pretension of the one/single word, from the Literacy Practices Course, looks at the discursive materialities “Literacy Practices: Book of the Literacy Teacher - Strategies” (Brasil, 2021a) and “Literacy Practices: Book of Activities” (Brasil, 2021b). Qualitative in nature (Sampieri; Collado; Lucio, 2013), it uses Discursive Dialogical Analysis (ADD) (Brait, 2006), in view of the concrete statements of the Official Discourse based on the aforementioned materialities, dialoguing with authors in the field of discourse (Bakhtin, 2011; 2017; Volochinov, 2017); educational policies (Ball, 2001); of the Curriculum (Lopes, 2004; Lopes; Macedo, 2011); literacy (Soares, 2004; 2020), among others. The results are indicators that, like previous policies, the PNA, as a voice of authority, permeates the official literacy curriculum, being able to reflect on the speeches and practices of literacy teachers, even within the recontextualization process. By dictating “new” senses and meanings for literacy as a skill based on the linguistic code, it [imposes] the curriculum for the literacy circle, privileging content and strategies anchored in systematic phonics instruction, prohibiting other possibilities of meaning: writing as code; literacy as the ability to encode/decode; phonic method; focus on teaching the grapheme-phoneme relationship and the isolation of phonemes.
Práticas docentes em tensionamento: produção de falsetes pedagógicos a partir das propostas curriculares de leitura e escrita da Educação Infantil e do Ensino Fundamental
Authors: Cruz Letícia , Corsino Patrícia , Andrade Ludmila Thomé de
Published: August 2024

RESUMO Este artigo apresenta parte dos resultados de pesquisa de doutorado de uma das autoras que teve como objetivo conhecer e analisar o que mobiliza professores em suas práticas docentes, em relação ao trabalho com a leitura e a escrita, da Educação Infantil ao primeiro ano do Ensino Fundamental. Nele, são discutidas as contradições e tensões que envolvem as propostas curriculares da SME-Rio, que objetivam encaminhar o trabalho pedagógico da pré-escola e do 1º ano do Ensino Fundamental, em relação à oralidade, leitura e escrita. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa, desenvolvida em duas turmas de pré-escola e uma de 1o. ano do ensino fundamental, que contou com os estudos de Mikhail Bakhtin para sustentar a concepção de pesquisa e as análises do material de campo. A pesquisa evidenciou compassos e descompassos entre as propostas curriculares das duas etapas educacionais. Alfabetização e letramento são entendidos como indissociáveis, mas nos documentos aparecem de forma separada, dando pouca ênfase às questões discursivas. Observou-se que uma das formas encontradas pelos professores frente aos tensionamentos, ao apontarem as consonâncias e dissonâncias contidas nas orientações curriculares, foram os falsetes pedagógicos, formas próprias de enfrentarem as contradições.
The PNLD 2022 and the literacy curricularization in early childhood education
Authors: Albuquerque Eliana , Cabral Ana Catarina dos Santos Pereira , Silva Maria da Conceição Lira da
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT This article presents research that aimed to analyze the literacy proposals of two textbook collections approved in the PNLD 2022 regarding appropriation of alphabetic writing. As methodological procedures, a documental analysis of volumes 1 and 2 of the Porta Aberta and Bambolê books for children aged 4 and 5, respectively, was carried out. These book collections were the most chosen by Early Childhood Education teachers from public schools in some cities in the state of Pernambuco. Data analysis indicated that both collections, complying with the requirements of the PNLD 2022 public notice, propose work focused on preparing children for literacy with a focus on motor coordination exercises, auditory and visual discrimination and the explicit teaching of relations between the letters of the alphabet and their corresponding sounds. The proposals for teaching reading and writing presented in the analyzed collections contradict what is presented in the DCNEI and BNCC for the Early Childhood Education stage, since they do not prioritize interactions and play, and do not guarantee, in working with children, their basic rights.
Letramento/s em Políticas Curriculares de Alfabetização: sentidos em disputa
Authors: Rangel Andréia Mello
Published: August 2024

RESUMO Este artigo objetiva mobilizar o campo das políticas curriculares de alfabetização na tentativa de destacar articulações discursivas que produzem sentidos sobre letramento/s. Neste percurso, realço sentidos, especialmente, na Política Nacional de Alfabetização (PNA). Apoiada em uma perspectiva pós-estrutural e pós-fundacional, localizo letramentos na ordem do rastro, em uma lógica não essencialista, a fim de operar com a disseminação de sentidos que tensiona o campo discursivo sem a pretensão de superar essa tensão. Afasto-me de concepções clássicas de currículo como um guia para a prática, como orientações produzidas por especialistas e implementadas por professores. Admito uma compreensão de políticas curriculares como política de significação que opera por traduções. Argumento, com base na espectrologia derridiana, que o acesso pleno ao outro (ou a alguma coisa) é da ordem do impossível e que, ao assumir a impossibilidade de acessar as coisas mesmas, somos provocados a responder considerando letramentos outros - talvez possíveis de serem significados, contingentemente, como leitura, escrita, imagens, sons, oralidade, gestos, expressões - letramentos-processo discursivo, em que não há precisão e garantias, apenas indecidibilidades que nos demandam responsabilidades como uma postura ético-política da filosofia do por vir.
Currículo e alfabetização: significações em disputa na busca de outros possíveis
Authors: Caldeira Maria Carolina da Silva , Frangella Rita de Cássia Prazeres
Published: August 2024

RESUMO As tensões entre currículo e alfabetização têm se tornado cada vez mais evidentes nos últimos anos. Seja no campo das práticas desenvolvidas na escola, seja no âmbito das políticas educacionais, os dois campos têm se interconectado e questionado um ao outro mutuamente. As políticas curriculares nos últimos anos tomam a alfabetização como um campo estratégico para a promoção da nomeada “qualidade da educação”, produzindo disputas sobre o que significa ser alfabetizado/a. Ao mesmo tempo, as políticas que se debruçam sobre a alfabetização discutem questões caras ao campo do currículo, como: o que se deve ensinar? O que conta como conhecimento no processo de alfabetização? Quem é o sujeito alfabetizado/a e quem é o/a professor/a alfabetizador/a? Nesse sentido, este artigo tem como objetivo discutir as aproximações e os tensionamentos possibilitados pelo diálogo entre os dois campos. Argumentamos que tanto alfabetização como currículo estão envolvidos no processo de luta por significados e, nesse processo, podem criar a fixação de sentidos, mas também pode possibilitar fissuras e criação de outros modos de vida.
O impacto psicossocial da pandemia da covid-19 em lésbicas, gays, bissexuais e transgêneros (LGBT) na Colômbia
Authors: Restrepo Pineda Jair Eduardo , Villegas Rojas Soraya , Ospina Ramírez Juan José
Published: August 2024

Resumo Este artigo analisa o impacto dos fatores psicossociais provocado pela pandemia da covid-19 em lésbicas, gays, bissexuais e transgêneros (LGBT) na Colômbia. Trata-se de um estudo exploratório misto, que utilizou dados qualitativos para explicar os dados quantitativos, com ênfase na interpretação das relações entre ambos. Para tanto, foram utilizados como instrumentos um questionário e grupos de estudo. Participaram do estudo 219 pessoas LGBT, sendo 18 lésbicas, 128 gays, 36 bissexuais e 37 pessoas transgênero. Os impactos psicossociais mais significativos associados à covid-19 foram relacionados a fatores econômicos (como desemprego e diminuição da renda familiar), conflitos familiares (como perda da privacidade da população LGBT que tiveram que retornar a seu lar de origem) e tensões nas relações sociais, gerando insegurança, medo e ansiedade nessa população durante o lockdown. Tais aspectos evidenciam um aumento da desigualdade social vivenciada por pessoas de orientações sexuais e identidades de gênero não hegemônicas durante a pandemia.
Begutachtung von dermatologischen Erkrankungen in der Berufsdermatologie
Authors:   Sektion Berufsdermatologie, Zentrum Hautklinik, Heidelberg, Weisshaar Elke
Published: August 2024

Die Begutachtung von berufsbedingten Hauterkrankungen ist eine wichtige dermatologische Aufgabe, die in den letzten Jahren nicht nur die BK 51011 umfasst, sondern auch die BK 51022 sowie die BK 51033. In dem hier präsentierten Übersichtartikel werden die wichtigsten Grundzüge der Begutachtung auch anhand von Fallbeispielen präsentiert.
Prävalenz ausgewählter Erkrankungen bei prähospitalen Rettungskräften in Deutschland
Authors:   IU Internationale Hochschule, Pecha Stefanie , Jacobs Simone ,   IU Internationale Hochschule, Möckel Luis ,   IU Internationale Hochschule und Deutsche Gesellschaft für Rettungswissenschaften e.V., Aachen
Published: August 2024

Prevalence of selected diseases among pre-hospital emergency services personnel in Germany – results of the EMS Health Study 2023 Objective: The health of pre-hospital emergency medical services (EMS) staff is crucial for the provision of high-quality medical care. However, currently only limited data on the health monitoring of German EMS staff is available. The aim of the study was therefore to analyse the 12-month prevalence of selected diseases and symptoms among German EMS staff. Methods: A nationwide survey study was conducted. Questions from the GEDA2019/2020 study were used to collect information on the health status of EMS staff. Subsequently, 12-month prevalences were calculated with the corresponding 95 % confidence intervals (95 % CI). Results: In the end, 1,171 active German EMS staff (67.9 % male/31.9 % female) with a median age of 32.0 years were included in the analysis. The results indicate that excess weight and obesity are common health problems among EMS staff, with men (68.4 % [95 % CI: 64.8 %; 71.4 %]) being more affected than women (45.0 % [95 % CI: 39.9 %; 50.2 %]). The highest 12-month prevalence was calculated for lower back pain (51.8 % [95 % CI: 48.9 %; 54.7 %]), followed by pain in the cervical spine (41.9 % [95 % CI: 39.1 %; 44.8 %]), allergies (34.1 % [95 % CI: 31.4 %; 36.9 %]), hypertension (19.1 % [95 % CI: 16.9 %; 21.5 %]) and depression (16.2 % [95 % CI: 14.2 %; 18.5 %]). Compared to the German general population, the 12-month prevalence of obesity, asthma, COPD, hypertension, elevated blood lipid levels, arthritis, depression and obesity was higher for certain gender and age groups of emergency workers. Conclusion: The result of this study indicate a poor health state among German pre-hospital EMS staff and the need for preventive measures. Keywords: 12-month prevalence – emergency medical services – health – obesity – epidemiology
Las pymes en el contexto de la COVID-19
Authors:   Universidad Politécnica Salesiana (Ecuador)
Published: August 2024

Este libro presenta un análisis exhaustivo de la situación financiera de las pequeñas y medianas empresas en Ecuador durante la pandemia de COVID-19, abordando uno de los temas más críticos del ámbito económico actual. La obra recopila investigaciones desarrolladas como artículos académicos de grado en la Carrera de Contabilidad y Auditoría de la Universidad Politécnica Salesiana, sede Guayaquil, y forma parte del proyecto “Situación financiera, de control y gestión de las organizaciones”. Los estudios realizados por miembros del Grupo de Investigaciones Financieras y Contables Aplicadas (GIFCA) exploran diversos sectores económicos; identifican y analizan las principales problemáticas que han afectado a las pymes durante la crisis sanitaria. Cada capítulo presenta una visión específica de los desafíos enfrentados durante la pandemia. Un recurso indispensable para académicos, estudiantes, profesionales y cualquier persona interesada en entender el impacto de la pandemia en las finanzas de las pymes en Ecuador, así como en descubrir lecciones clave para la gestión financiera en tiempos de crisis.
El sector comercial
Authors:   Universidad Politécnica Salesiana (Ecuador), Macías Lumbano David , Cáceres Cedeño Anthony ,   Universidad Politécnica Salesiana (Ecuador), Sierra Lara Yoandris ,   Universidad Politécnica Salesiana (Ecuador)
Published: August 2024

El objetivo de la investigación es analizar, mediante técnicas y herramientas estandarizadas, la situación financiera de las pymes pertenecientes al sector de comercio al por mayor y al menor de reparaciones de vehículos automotores y motocicletas. La metodología utilizada es de corte longitudinal, que implica el seguimiento de las mismas empresas a lo largo de varios períodos, para examinar cómo su situación financiera ha evolucionado en respuesta a cambios en el mercado automotor. Los resultados obtenidos son en parte favorables, ya que las compañías mantuvieron un margen constante durante la pandemia. Sin embargo, tuvieron un aumento significativo en el endeudamiento, duplicaron sus deudas para poder mantener el negocio durante el paro comercial en el contexto de la pandemia.
Agua, alcantarillado, gestión de desechos y actividades de saneamiento
Authors:   Universidad Politécnica Salesiana (Ecuador), Freire Guevara Juan Josué , Carrillo García Ayleen del Rocío ,   Universidad Politécnica Salesiana (Ecuador), Rosales Valencia Jenny ,   Universidad Politécnica Salesiana (Ecuador)
Published: August 2024

El objetivo del presente artículo fue analizar el efecto que tuvo la situación financiera de las empresas pymes que pertenecen al sector de distribución de agua, alcantarillado, gestión de desechos y actividades de saneamiento de la economía nacional en torno a la pandemia generada por la COVID-19. Para este estudio se utilizó un método con enfoque cuantitativo, alcance descriptivo, de diseño no experimental y longitudinal, con análisis de los ratios financieros que abarcaron los años 2018 hasta el 2022.
Servicios administrativos y de apoyo
Authors:   Universidad Politécnica Salesiana (Ecuador), Espinoza Álava Dayanna , Guamán García Maylin del Pilar ,   Universidad Politécnica Salesiana (Ecuador), Rosales Valencia Jenny ,   Universidad Politécnica Salesiana (Ecuador)
Published: August 2024

La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo analizar los efectos que causó la pandemia de la COVID-19 en las pequeñas y medianas empresas del sector de actividades de servicios administrativos y de apoyo. Para ello se realizó un análisis de los principales ratios financieros de los años 2018 al 2022 con información obtenida de la Superintendencia de Compañías, se aplicó una investigación básica, con enfoque cuantitativo de alcance descriptivo y diseño no experimental con estudios en corte longitudinal. Como principales hallazgos, la rotación de cartera presentó una leve variación en los dos primeros años antes de la afectación por la emergencia sanitaria, en el año 2018 (271,80 veces) y 2019 (368,45 veces).
Minas y canteras
Authors:   Universidad Politécnica Salesiana (Ecuador), Castagneto Ámbar , Valeriano Arízaga Allison ,   Universidad Politécnica Salesiana (Ecuador), Issa Morales Ericka ,   Universidad Politécnica Salesiana (Ecuador)
Published: August 2024

El presente artículo tiene como objeto de estudio analizar la situación financiera de las empresas pymes del sector explotación de minas y canteras de Ecuador en tiempos de pandemia, a través del cálculo de nueve ratios financieros utilizando cifras del estado de situación financiera y el estado de resultados desde 2018 al 2022. Por lo tanto, para el cumplimiento del objetivo antes mencionado, se llevó a cabo una metodología basada en la investigación básica, con un enfoque cuantitativo y alcance descriptivo de un diseño no experimental, se utilizaron datos de fuentes secundarias, panel. Entre los principales resultados se obtuvo que gran parte de los ratios financieros de las pymes del sector minas y canteras presentaron una alta dispersión de datos.
Otras actividades de servicios
Authors:   Universidad Politécnica Salesiana (Ecuador), García Contreras María Gabriela , Guerrero Jurado María Gabriela ,   Universidad Politécnica Salesiana (Ecuador), Zea Villacís Norma ,   Universidad Politécnica Salesiana (Ecuador)
Published: August 2024

La COVID-19 es la enfermedad contagiosa producida por el coronavirus que afecta a nivel global; se la declaró como pandemia e impactó negativamente en la economía mundial. El objetivo de este estudio fue describir la secuela de la pandemia de la COVID-19 en el sector de otras actividades de servicios, en la economía ecuatoriana. El estudio se sustenta en los estados financieros subidos por las diferentes empresas del sector en el portal de la Superintendencia de Compañías. Se desarrolló una investigación básica, enmarcada en el análisis financiero de este sector antes, durante y después de la pandemia. Se describió la persecución de la COVID-19 en este sector de la economía ecuatoriana, evidenciándose en los resultados de los indicadores de liquidez, endeudamiento, rentabilidad y gestión.
Bancos privados pequeños y medianos
Authors:   Universidad Politécnica Salesiana (Ecuador), Tomalá Lainez Christian Rafael , Espinoza Rosero Gloria Belén ,   Universidad Politécnica Salesiana (Ecuador)
Published: August 2024

En este artículo se presenta evidencia empírica sobre la situación financiera de los bancos de Ecuador en el contexto de la pandemia por COVID-19, con la finalidad de comprender la incidencia de las decisiones financieras tomadas por el sector financiero privado. El alcance de este estudio es descriptivo y los datos se obtuvieron de los boletines financieros mensuales de los bancos privados medianos y pequeños, publicados en el sitio web de la Superintendencia de Bancos. Para el análisis de la situación financiera de los bancos, se utilizaron los indicadores liquidez, ROA, ROE, margen neto, endeudamiento, eficiencia microeconómica, eficiencia financiera. Los resultados revelaron que la pandemia por COVID-19 no tuvo un impacto desfavorable en la situación financiera de los bancos privados pequeños y medianos en Ecuador.
Educação da atenção nas práticas em educação ambiental
Authors: Iared Valéria Ghisloti , Buss Bruna Caroline , Qualho Vanessa Aparecida , Fulber Vanessa Mohr
Published: August 2024

O presente artigo foi elaborado a várias mãos e experiências, com o objetivo de conceituar e relatar vivências de práticas em Educação Ambiental sob a perspectiva da Educação da Atenção. Descrevemos três Trabalhos de Conclusão de Curso (TCC) realizados por três estudantes do Curso de Ciências Biológicas, na modalidade Licenciatura, da Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR). O primeiro TCC, de 2018, redigido por Bruna Caroline Buss em 2018, explorou o tema dos Artrópodes. O segundo, redigido por Vanessa Aparecido Qualho, descreveu um curso sobre fungos realizado em 2020 e destinado a professores da educação básica em Palotina, Paraná, e região. O terceiro, de 2023, redigido por Vanessa Mohr Fülber, analisou a relação das crianças com os microrganismos do solo. Em conclusão, defendemos que o conceito de Educação da Atenção pode ser incorporado ao campo de pesquisa e prática em Educação Ambiental.
DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF TWO STAGE BOOST CONVERTER WITH IMPROVED CONTROL
Authors: Şentürk Mustafa , Yeşilyurt Hüseyin
Published: August 2024

In this article, a high-gain two-stage boost converter with improved control is proposed. In the proposed control method, each boost stage is controlled by the same controller. This method provides easy control and low cost and allows the use of lower voltage capacitors at the output of first boost stage. The converter is designed in two stages to increase from 12 VDC input voltage to 42 VDC and 150 VDC. Detailed theoretical analysis of the proposed converter is carried out and validated with a prototype having 100 W output power. Using the results obtained from the application circuit, the proposed boost converter with improved control is compared with the conventional two-stage boost converter operated under the same conditions.
Radio Frequency Tag Based on an Impedance Transformer and a Slot Transmission Line
Authors:   JSC ", Epov I.V. ,   MERI", Reznik A.Yu. ,   JSC "Mikron", Moscow, Zelenograd, 124460, Russian Federation, Sobolev A.S. ,   Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, 141701, Russian Federation
Published: August 2024

A radio frequency tag (33 x 30 x 5 mm) operating at a frequency of 867MHz has been developed. The design of the tag consists of the radiating part of the antenna in the form of metal plates forming a capacitor, a slot transmission line that is part of a highly inductive impedance transformer, a conducting circuit, the ends of which are connected to the chip, and a chip. The proposed transformer is designed to convert the capacitive impedance of the chip into a high-quality inductance, which can be connected to the emitting element in the form of a capacitance. The slot transmission line practically forms a quarter-wave section. A nu­merical calculation of the proposed tag was carried out and a method for achieving complex matching of the impedances of the chip and the rest of the tag was presented. The matching of the active and reactive components of the impedances occurs in independent ways: by varying the size of the slot transmission line and the width of the jumper that is part of the conducting circuit. The measurement of the tag developed by modeling was carried out. The results showed that the tag can be read from a distance of several meters when it is placed on various dielectric surfaces.
Angular Dependence of Reflection Spectra and Color for Anodic Alumina Possessing the Photonic Crystal Properties
Authors:   SSPA ", Gasenkova I.V. ,   Optics, Optoelectronics, and Laser Technology",   National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Minsk, Belarus, Mukhurov N.I. ,   SSPA "Optics, Optoelectronics, and Laser Technology" National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Minsk, Belarus, Andrukhovich I.M. ,   SSPA "Optics, Optoelectronics, and Laser Technology" National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Minsk, Belarus
Published: August 2024

The angular dependences of visible wavelengths mirror reflection spectra and color characteristics of one-dimensional photonic crystal (PC) based on anodic alumina impregnated with water and isopropyl alcohol are investigated. The photonic crystal was fabricate by anodizing of aluminum in 1M sulfuric acid solution with ethylene glycol addition under periodically varying current density of 0,40 mA/cm2 and 1,80 mA/cm2. The photonic crystal was impregnated using immersion and exposure in liquids for at least 5 hours at room temperature. The short-wavelength shift of photonic band gap spectral position for the photonic crystals has been established under the irradiation incidence angle increase from 25° to 45°. The bathochromic shift of 45 nm has been detected when water was introduced into the photonic crystal pores and 60 nm when isopropyl alcohol was introduced, under the irradiation angle of 25°. The color and chromaticity coordinates on chromaticity diagram have been determined using the CIE 1931 (XYZ). The significant difference in colorimetric characteristics for initial and impregnated PC has been established, the visual color difference being maintained between PC impregnated with substances varying in refractive indices by 0,045.
Estimation of Radial Plasma Frequency Values for Polymer Thread with Aluminum Nanoislands
Authors:   IUHFSE RAS, Maltsev P.P. , Ganzha A.A. ,   IUHFSE RAS, Pavlov V.Yu. ,   IUHFSE RAS, Mikhalev A.O. ,   IUHFSE RAS, Kozlitin A.I. ,   Use Center "Synchrotron", National Research Center "Kurchatov Institute", Saraikin V.V. ,   Use Center "Synchrotron", National Research Center "Kurchatov Institute"
Published: August 2024

The article evaluates the values of the radial plasma frequency of a polymer thread made of fibers of carbon benzene rings coated with chains of irregular aluminum nanoislands as a metamaterial with a negative dielectric constant (ENG-material).
Technology for Obtaining High-Quality Contact for a Reliable Fit of a High-Power Transistor Crystal
Authors:   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education ", Shakhmayeva A.R. ,   Dagestan State Technical University",   , Makhachkala, Russian Federation, Kazalieva E. ,   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education "Dagestan State Technical University", Makhachkala, Russian Federation
Published: August 2024

A method for obtaining layer-by-layer metallization of the reverse side of a silicon crystal of a high-power transistor has been developed. Technological modes of operations have been experimentally worked out and obtained. The parameters of the reliability of the crystal fit to the transistor housing were checked. As a result of the quality control of the connection, the reliability of the device crystal fit has increased due to the production of layer-by-layer metallization from barrier, adhesive and protective and solder layers (chromium, nickel, tin and silver), with certain thicknesses.
Does selective attention demand affect the physiological complexity of postural control in faller community-dwelling older adults?
Authors: Alves Silva Lima Letícia , Dos Santos Leal Iara , Gomes de Alencar Júlia , Fulgêncio Alves da Silva Tarcísio , Trombini-Souza Francis
Published: August 2024

Background: The physiological complexity of postural control during selective attention demand can be used as an innovative method to identify faller community-dwelling older. Objective: To analyze the effect of selective attention on the complexity of postural control in faller community-dwelling older adults. Methods: A total of 57 older adults (60 to 80 years) were divided between the faller group (Fallers n = 21) and the non-faller group (Non-fallers n = 36). An inertial sensor (Physilog® 5, GaitUp, Switzerland) was positioned over the second sacral vertebra to collect the participant’s body sway in the anteroposterior (AP) and mediolateral (ML) directions during the monochromatic and color Stroop test versions. The postural control’s complexity was calculated using MATLAB codes, employing the refined composite multiscale fuzzy entropy method. Statistical Package for Social Sciences was used to analyze the effects of interaction, group, and condition effects using linear mixed models with an alpha of 5%. Results: No significant interaction effects were observed in the AP (F = 0.18; p = 0.66) and ML (F = 0.00; p = 0.99) directions. No group effect was observed in the AP (F = 1.23; p = 0.26) and ML (F = 1.76; p = 0.18) directions. No condition effect was found in the AP (F = 0.06; p = 0.80) and ML (F = 3.54; p = 0.06) directions. Conclusion: Once-only faller community-dwelling older adults did not evidence worse physiological complexity than the non-fallers during selective attention demand in the upright standing posture.
Probabilistic Programming for Transportable Source Characterization and Uncertainty Quantification of the North Korean Nuclear Tests 2006–2017
Authors: Alfaro-Diaz Richard , Kintner Jonas , Scott Phillips W. , Delbridge Brent , Carmichael Josh
Published: August 2024

We introduce a transportable technique to determine the yield and depth of burial (DOB) from seismic source spectra of underground nuclear explosions. We demonstrate this technique on the six declared North Korean nuclear tests. This approach derives source spectra in absolute units from regional phase (Pg) amplitudes by correcting the observations for geometric spreading, attenuation, and site amplification. We couple the source spectra and explosion source models with a probabilistic programming framework that integrates deep learning techniques and Bayesian modeling. This approach permits the exchange of information across various data categories to quantify both the data and model uncertainty. This technique stands out as an innovative use of broad-area propagation models, making it transportable across various geologic settings. This method proves to be effective in scenarios with diverse and/or limited observational data, even when the source depth is unknown. We present new independent estimates of absolute yield and DOB that are consistent with the prior assessments, underscoring the potential of this method in enhancing transportable nuclear explosion monitoring capabilities.
The Moderation Effect of Islamic Corporate Governance on Fraud Financial Statement Detection Using Fraud Hexagon
Authors: Mutmainah Ina , Mahmudah Dina Amalia
Published: August 2024

Purpose: Given that Islamic corporate governance serves as a moderating variable, this study aims to examine the impact of the hexagon theory on fraudulent financial statements.Method: This study employed a quantitative methodology and garnered secondary data on Islamic commercial banks in Southeast Asia. Purposive sampling was carried out to collect data from 18 companies during five years (2017–2022), yielding 90 observations. The data analysis method employed Warp-PLS software version 8.0 and partial least square structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM).Findings: Study results demonstrate that financial stability significantly worsens the performance of fraudulent financial statements. Related party transactions, external auditors, director changes, C.E.O. education, company existence, and political connections did not affect governance, moderate the significant positive influence of financial stability, related party transactions, company existence, and political connections on fraudulent financial statements. Meanwhile, good oversight, external auditors, director changes, and C.E.O. education did not moderate the impact of misleading financial statements.Originality/Value: This research contributites significantly to the Islamic banking management. The Islamic corporate governance mechanism forms the process and structure of the entity’s supervisory, monitoring and advisory functions. The presentation of financial statements is carried out in an accountable and transparent manner based on Sharia principles, which can reduce the practice of financial statement fraud, so stakeholders will be more confident in investing.
Pendidikan Kewarganegaraan Berbasis Civic Philanthropy untuk Pemenuhan Hak Politik Penyandang Disabilitas
Authors: Nanggala Agil , Suryadi Karim , Darmawan Cecep , Saepudin Epin , Avila Roel V.
Published: August 2024

Kajian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis relevansi dan konstruksi pendidikan kewarganegaraan berbasis civic philanthropy terhadap pemenuhan hak politik penyandang disabilitas. Kajian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode literature review. Pendidikan kewarganegaraan berbasis civic philanthropy relevan terhadap pemenuhan hak politik penyandang disabilitas. Pendidikan kewarganegaraan berbasis civic philanthropy dapat ditinjau berdasarkan civic education dan citizenship education. Pendidikan kewarganegaraan berbasis civic philanthropy dalam paradigma civic education mengarah pada pembelajaran tentang konsep kesetaraan, sedangkan dalam paradigma citizenship education mengarah pada penguatan sikap toleransi dalam masyarakat. Pembelajaran pendidikan kewarganegaraan berbasis civic philanthropy untuk memenuhi hak politik penyandang disabilitas dilaksanakan melalui pendekatan service learning dengan kolaborasi pentahelix antara pemerintah, akademisi, komunitas, swasta, dan media.
Instrumen Pengukuran Pengentasan Kemiskinan Multidimensi dalam Perspektif Kewarganegaraan dengan Metode Delphi
Authors: Suwanda Rian Pramana , Rao Atif , Suyanto Bagong , Wijoyo Suparto
Published: August 2024

Kajian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengentasan kemiskinan multidimensi melalui mekanisme kewarganegaraan serta instrumen pengukuran efektivitas mekanisme kewarganegaraan dalam pengentasan kemiskinan multidimensi. Kajian ini menggunakan metode Delphi yang dilaksanakan melalui tahap eksplorasi, distilasi, dan utilisasi. Pengentasan kemiskinan multidimensi dapat dilakukan melalui mekanisme kewarganegaraan yang dapat menjamin hak serta kesempatan yang sama bagi setiap individu untuk memperoleh pekerjaan, pendapatan, pendidikan, dan pelayanan publik lainnya. Instrumen pengukuran efektivitas mekanisme kewarganegaraan dalam pengentasan kemiskinan multidimensi didasarkan pada 3 indikator yang dijabarkan dalam 22 butir sub indikator. Indikator efektivitas mekanisme kewarganegaraan dalam pengentasan kemiskinan multidimensi yaitu pemenuhan identitas hukum kewarganegaraan sebagai kunci akses sumber daya negara, perlindungan warga negara migran, serta kebijakan afirmasi untuk warga negara anak, lansia, penyandang disabilitas, dan kelompok rentan lainnya.
Punitive Damages in Unfair Dismissal Cases: Lessons from Malaysia and New Zealand
Authors: Abdul Shukor Siti Fazilah , Abd Razak Siti Suraya
Published: August 2024

Employers tend to dismiss employees without proper grounds, in bad faith or fail to follow procedure prescribed under law. An employee that has been dismissed unfairly can bring an action against the employer for unfair dismissal. Damage is the most sought remedy of the employee for unfair dismissal claims. Punitive damage is a form of monetary remedy awarded by the court in addition to the actual damage to the aggrieved party. Punitive damage is awarded as a punishment to the wrongdoer. Punitive damage has become the remedy in both Malaysia and New Zealand. The objective of this study is to analyse the punitive damage awarded by the Malaysian Industrial Court and New Zealand Court in unfair dismissal cases. This study employed a qualitative method with reference to journal articles, relevant statutory laws and case laws on unfair dismissal cases with punitive damage as an award. The findings show that punitive damages in unfair dismissal cases have been awarded by the Malaysian industrial court and New Zealand court against employers on the grounds that the dismissals were made under bad faith. This study is significant as it expands the application of punitive damage in unfair dismissal cases and improve the system’s legal certainty.
Architecting Hybrid Contract in al-Rahn: A Comparative Study between Malaysia and Indonesia
Authors: Muhammadi Fauzan , Mohd  Razif Nor Fahimah , Rahim Rahimin Affandi Abdul
Published: August 2024

Nowadays, hybrid contracts are recognized as an adaptive form of contract in the implementation of Islamic business. However, the involvement of hybrid contracts in al-Rahn has risen numerous legal controversies in Islamic Sharia.  Malaysia and Indonesia  have diffferent approaches regarding the  use of hybrid contracts in al-Rahn scheme. In the light of that, this article aims to lay out the two countries’ sides in responding to the issue at hand. This qualitative  study  relies on secondary data and employs conceptual and comparative approach. It investigates the policies relating to hybrid contract in the implementation of al-Rahn both in Malaysia and Indonesia. This study indicates that academics in both countries tend to state that the hybrid contracts in al-Rahn are not in accordance with the Sharia. The non-compliance with the Sharia prompted Malaysia to create a new policy, namely by utilising the concept of Tawaruq. Meanwhile, Indonesia recently still associates Ijārah contracts as part of the implementation of al-Rahn.
The Fall of Afghanistan: Can the Refugee Protection Regime Handle the New Refugee Wave?
Authors: Qazi Zada Sebghatullah , Nasrullah Nasrullah , Irrynta Dwilani , Qazi Zada Mohd Ziaolhaq
Published: August 2024

The Taliban takeover of Afghanistan on August 15, 2021, triggered a significant refugee crisis. By mid-2022, 2.8 million Afghan refugees were registered internationally, primarily in Pakistan and Iran, and by 2023, 4.3 million Afghans were internally displaced. Many at-risk Afghans were left behind as US-led forces withdrew. Despite resettlement efforts, many threatened by the Taliban remain excluded, as the Taliban targets former military, NGO workers, and Afghan government officials. Daily migration to Iran and Pakistan surged, with many seeking refuge through Iran to Turkey and Europe. This paper examines whether the current refugee protection mechanism can manage this influx. Using a normative legal research method, it analyzes secondary data from books, journals, reports, and documents, providing historical context on Afghan politics and displacement. It critically evaluates the international refugee protection regime, identifying gaps and shortcomings, particularly the lack of a binding responsibility-sharing mechanism. This has resulted in poorer nations hosting a disproportionate number of refugees, necessitating a commitment from the international community to address this inequity. The paper concludes with policy recommendations to improve the global response to the Afghan refugee crisis, emphasizing the need for equitable responsibility-sharing to enhance protection for Afghan refugees.
Birth of the Academy of Sciences in Russia
Authors: Ribeiro de Matos Vitor Gustavo
Published: August 2024

This paper presents a comprehensive analysis of the historical factors that led to the emergence of modern science in the Russian Empire, with a particular focus on the establishment and development of the Academy of Sciences during the 18th and 19th centuries. Adopting an externalist approach to the History of Science, the study explores the interplay between religious, political, social, and intellectual elements and their impact on the evolution of science as a social institution, culminating in the establishment of the Academy of Sciences. The paper highlights the critical relationship between the State and scientific endeavours and sheds light on the transformative efforts of Peter the Great in modernising Russia. It also examines the Empire's cultural exchange with the West and the influential role played by foreign scientists in the nascent years of the Academy of Sciences. By delving into the complex interactions between the Russian cultural framework and scientific developments, this paper seeks to provide a general overview of the cultural context surrounding the institutionalization of scientific work in Russia. It serves as a guideline for future specialised research, offering insights into the multifaceted influences that shaped the growth and establishment of modern science in the Russian Empire.
EL BRONCE DE ABDÓN CALDERÓN. REFLEXIONES SOBRE LA CONSTRUCCIÓN DE SU IMAGEN Y MONUMENTO
Authors: Cáceres- Santacruz Nataly Andrea
Published: August 2024

Este artículo reflexiona acerca de la fabricación de la imagen de Abdón Calderón, por medio de la construcción de su camino como héroe, desarrollado en relatos de escritores cuencanos del siglo XX, y de su escultura monumental como respuesta artística que materializa su figura heroica en la época. Se tomó en consideración la historia de Octavio Cordero, con Vida de Abdón Calderón de 1916, el boletín del Comité Calderón de 1928 y 1931, las narraciones de Ricardo Márquez y Leyendas del tiempo heroico de Manuel J. Calle de 1905. Las piezas documentales mencionadas responden a la necesidad una narración oficial sobre Abdón Calderón y su gesta. Como conclusión Calderón obtuvo favorable acogida, pues a nivel nacional, se recibieron respuestas entusiastas en tono patriótico para honrarlo como Héroe del Pichincha.
Development and Validation of a Teaching Competency Diagnostic Scale for Future Education Practice: Focused on “D”university
Authors:   The Korea Association of Yeolin Education, Kang Juree , Kim Boseong , Jeon Mijin , Jung Juyoung
Published: August 2024

This study aimed to develop a scale that could diagnose the appropriate level of teaching competency, taking into account the value of future education due to changes in the educational environment. To do this, a provisional model of the teaching competency of university faculty was derived, and two Delphi surveys were conducted to confirm the content validity of the competency groups, competencies, and sub-elements. In addition, preliminary questions were developed through the review of an expert panel, and a questionnaire survey was conducted on D University faculty, and a question goodness analysis and exploratory factor analysis were conducted based on the questionnaire responses of 336 people. As a result, a scale with 53 questions for three competency groups and seven competencies was developed. The basic competency group (S) consisted of educational philosophy and university understanding competency (5 questions) and innovative attitude competency (12 questions), the instructional competency group (U) consisted of teaching strategy competency (5 questions), class management competency (14 questions), and class improvement competency (9 questions). The shared competency group (N) consisted of teaching learning mutual cooperation competency (4 questions) and knowledge sharing practice competency (4 questions). This allows the scale to be used to diagnose instructors' teaching competencies from the perspective of future teaching, identify areas for improvement, and support instructors' insights to improve their overall teaching competencies.
Experiência com um Jogo de Tabuleiro Analógico Transposto para Digital na Plataforma Roll20 na Disciplina de Biologia Celular durante o Ensino Remoto
Authors: Silva Débora Regina da , Spiegel Carolina Nascimento
Published: August 2024

A Biologia Celular, é um campo importante para compreender os seres vivos e os avanços biotecnológicos, frequentemente apresenta desafios no ensino-aprendizagem sobretudo devido à quantidade de conteúdos abstratos. Uma solução tem sido o uso de jogos educacionais, como o Célula Adentro, que busca tornar o aprendizado motivador. Este estudo discorre sobre a transposição do Célula Adentro no período da pandemia para a plataforma digital Roll20 e a vivência do jogar neste período. Essa transposição proporcionou uma relevante experiência para alunos do ensino superior. Os alunos relataram terem aprendido com a proposta, destacando a valiosa contribuição do jogo transposto para plataformas digitais no processo educacional. Além disso, o aspeto cooperativo do jogo promoveu socialização entre os alunos do primeiro período, o que se mostrou vital, especialmente porque muitos deles não se conheciam devido à pandemia. O acesso remoto ao jogo através da plataforma digital foi um fator importante, permitindo a continuidade de uma forma lúdica de aprendizado durante a interrupção das aulas presenciais. A satisfação dos alunos com o jogo foi notável, ressaltando a melhoria na aprendizagem, interação social e relevância do conteúdo. Em síntese, o uso de jogos educacionais, sejam analógicos ou digitais, oferece uma maneira envolvente para ensinar Biologia Celular, enriquecendo a experiência de aprendizado dos alunos. Este estudo também aponta para a viabilidade do Célula Adentro na plataforma digital como uma ferramenta valiosa para o ensino a distância. 
 
Palavras-chave:  Célula adentro. Plataformas digitais. Roll20. Transposição. Biologia celular.