bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
La libertad de movimiento de capitales como límite de la lucha contra la evasión fiscal: A propósito de la STJUE de 27 de enero de 2022, asunto C-788/19, Comisión c. España
Authors: De Juan Casadevall Jordi , Tarroja Piera Daniel
Published: January 2023

En este trabajo nos proponemos analizar la vinculación de la cláusula general de no discriminación en relación con la libertad de movimientos de capital reconocida por el artículo 63 del Tratado de Funcionamiento de la Unión Europea (TFUE), a la luz de la dilatada jurisprudencia que emana del Tribunal de Justicia de la Unión Europea (TJUE). Para ello, partiendo de un breve análisis de las libertades fundamentales que consagra el TFUE, tomaremos en consideración la referente a la libertad de circulación de capitales, para adentrarnos en las restricciones fiscales que suponen una vulneración de dicho principio, cuya expresión más reciente la tenemos en la Sentencia del TJUE de 27 de enero de 2022, asunto C-788/19, recaída en relación con el modelo 720 y su riguroso régimen sancionador.
Tributación mínima (art. 30 bis LIS). Un desincentivo tributario al mecenazgo empresarial
Authors: Blázquez Lidoy Alejandro
Published: January 2023

Las deducciones por mecenazgo de las grandes empresas suponen un 85 % del total de estas deducciones. La Ley 22/2021, de 28 de diciembre, de Presupuestos Generales del Estado para el año 2022, ha introducido la tributación mínima en el impuesto sobre sociedades para grandes empresas (cifra neta de negocios superior a 20 millones de euros). La tributación mínima toma como magnitud de referencia la base imponible y le aplica un tipo del 15 %. De esta manera, se establece un umbral a partir del cual algunas de las deducciones en la cuota no van a resultar operativas. La primera de las deducciones que se va a limitar si entra en juego la tributación mínima es la de mecenazgo. Por tanto, este régimen está diseñado principalmente para atenuar los beneficios fiscales de las personas jurídicas por mecenazgo.
Pengaruh Hedonic Motivation, Cool Motivation dan Socialization Motivation Terhadap Impulsive Buying (Studi Kasus pada Remaja di Kota Maros)
Authors: Sugiono Burhan Prakoso , Tobing Rudy
Published: January 2023

Seorang konsumen ketika hendak melakukan transaksi pembelian akan suatu produk, mereka akan berusaha mencari beraneka ragam informasi sebelum melakukan pembelian. Beberapa orang melakukan aktivitas belanja bersama orang terdekat demi membeli produk yang sama atau sejenis untuk menjalin hubungan dengan memiliki produk yang sama atau sejenis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis Pengaruh Hedonic Motivation, Cool Motivation dan Socialization Motivation Terhadap Impulsive Buying pada remaja di Kota Maros. Penelitian menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif dengan alat analisis SPSS versi 25. Teknik pengumpulan sampel dengan purposive sampling dengan jumlah responden sebanyak 100 orang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa variabel Hedonic Motivation, Cool Motivation dan Socialization Motivation memberikan pengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap Impulsive Buying.
HUBUNGAN TINGKAT KECUKUPAN NATRIUM DAN KALIUM DENGAN HIPERTENSI PADA LANJUT USIA UNIT PELAKSANA TEKNIS DAERAH PELAYANAN SOSIAL LANJUT USIA TRESNA WERDHA LAMPUNG TAHUN 2021
Authors: Alhamidi Mitha Hamidah Haris , Utari Sona , Wati Desti Ambar , Ayu Riska Nur Suci , Muharramah Alifiyanti
Published: January 2023

Latar Belakang: Hipertensi atau tekanan darah tinggi merupakan kondisi tekanan darah seseorang berada diatas normal. Dimana hasil pre survey pendahuluan yang telah dilakukan oleh peneliti kepada pihak UPTD Pelayanan Sosial Lanjut Usia Tresna Werdha. didapatkan data lansia penderita hipertensi di UPTD Panti Sosial Tresna Werdha Lampung sebanyak 21 lansia (25,30%).
Tujuan Penelitian: Mengetahui hubungan tingkat kecukupan natrium dan kalium dengan hipertensi pada lanjut usia unit pelaksana teknis daerah pelayanan sosial lanjut usia Tresna Werdha Lampung tahun 2021.
Metode: Desain yang digunakan dalam penelitian adalah kuantitatif dengan menggunakan desain penelitian cross sectional. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan menggunakan teknik Purposive Sampling. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah 80 lansia di Unit Pelaksana Teknis Daerah Pelayanan Sosial Lanjut Usia Tresna Werdha Lampung. Analisis data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan Uji Rank Spearman.
Hasil: Hasil penelitian ini diperoleh hipertensi 1 sebanyak 18 orang (85,71%), tingkat kecukupan kalium 21 lansia kurang (100%), dan tingkat kecukupan natrium 21 lansia kurang (100%)
Simpulan: tidak ada hubungan tingkat kecukupan kalium dengan hipertensi (p= 0,102) dan tidak ada hubungan tingkat kecukupan natrium dengan hipertensi (p=0,541)
HUBUNGAN ZAT GIZI MAKRO, AKTIVITAS FISIK DENGAN STATUS GIZI ANAK SDN 46 GEDONG TATAAN TAHUN 2021
Authors: Saraswati Dewi Fortuna , Komala Ramadhana , Pratiwi Amali Rica , Wati Desti Ambar
Published: January 2023

Latar Belakang: Masalah gizi pada anak usia sekolah adalah gizi lebih dan gizi kurus, faktor yang mempengaruhi status gizi ada asupan zat gizi makro dan aktivitas fisik. Jika asupan zat gizi makro yang masuk kedalam tubuh berlebih dan tidak melakukan aktivitas fisik maka akan terjadi peningkatan berat badan. Prevalensi status gizi IMT/U pada anak usia 5- 12 tahun di provinsi lampung sebesar 4,76% sangat kurus, 4,75 % kurus, dan obesitas sebesar 8,52 %.
Tujuan Penelitian: Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan asupan zat gizi makro dan aktivitas fisik dengan status gizi pada anak sekolah dasar negeri 46 gedong tataan tahun 2021.
Metode: Desain Penelitian menggunakan analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Analisis data yang digunakan yaitu Uji Korelasi Spearman dan Uji Korelasi Pearson. Sampel dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 70 orang.
Hasil Penelitian: Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan antara asupan energi, protein, lemak, dan karbohidrat dengan status gizi pada anak sekolah dasar dengan nilai p = 0,000. Tidak terdapat hubungan antara aktivitas fisik dengan status gizi pada anak sekolah dasar dengan nilai p = 0,513.
Simpulan: Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara asupan energi, protein, lemak, dan karbohidrat dengan status gizi anak sekolah. Tidak terdapat hubungan antara aktivitas fisik dengan status gizi anak sekolah.
PEMBUATAN MINUMAN HERBAL DARI LIDAH BUAYA (Aloe vera), LEMON (Citrus limon L) DAN KAYU MANIS (Cinnamomum burmannii) UNTUK PENCAHAR ALAMI
Authors: Novananda Panji , Yanto Elih Sutisna , Handayani Reti Puji
Published: January 2023

Latar Belakang: Konstipasi atau sembelit merupakan suatu gangguan proses defekasi yang ditandai dengan berkurangnya frekuensi defekasi kurang dari tiga kali per minggu dengan konsistensi feces yang keras dan disertai rasa tidak enak di dalam pencernaan. Diketahui lidah buaya memiliki efek pencahar (laksatif) karena mengandung 1,8 dihidroksiantrasen glukosida, aloin A dan B (barbaloin) sehingga muncul inovasi untuk memberikan alternatif minuman fungsional yang praktis dan mudah dikonsumsi setiap saat sebagai pencahar alami yang terbuat dari lidah buaya, lemon dan kayu manis.
Tujuan Penelitian: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan pembuatan minuman herbal dengan memanfaatkan lidah buaya untuk pencahar serta lemon dan kayu manis sebagai bahan tambahan, selanjutnya untuk mengetahui kestabilan sediaan minuman herbal dari hasil uji organoleptik selama 3 minggu pengamatan, dan bagaimana pendapat responden pada uji kesukaan sediaan minuman herbal pencahar alami.
Metode: Metode penelitian ini adalah penelitian tindakan (action research) menggunakan instrumen berupa lembar observasi dan angket. Sediaan dibuat dengan komposisi masing-masing mengandung lidah buaya 75mL, lemon 5mL dan kayu manis 5 gram serta perbandingan komposisi gula pasir sebanyak 5 gram F1, 7,5 gram F2 dan 10 gram F3. 
Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan secara organoleptik sediaan minuman dengan penyimpanan pada suhu ruangan tidak stabil dengan ditandai adanya perubahan aroma, sementara pada suhu dingin menunjukkan tidak adanya perubahan signifikan dalam hal warna, aroma, rasa dan tidak menimbulkan tanda tumbuhnya jamur. Pada hasil uji kesukaan ketiga formulasi, diperoleh F1 yang paling disukai dalam penyimpanan di suhu dingin dengan komposisi lidah buaya sebanyak 75 mL, lemon 5 mL, kayu manis 5 gram dan gula pasir 5 gram.
Simpulan: Berdasarkan hasil uji organoleptik dan uji kesukaan yang dilakukan pada ketiga formulasi tersebut dapat dikatakan  stabil selama 3 minggu penyimpanan dengan formulasi yang paling disukai adalah F1.
PEMBUATAN FOOT SPRAY YANG MENGANDUNG BIJI PEPAYA (Carica papaya L.) DAN KAYU MANIS (Cinnamomum burmannii) SEBAGAI ANTIBAKTERI
Authors: Wulandari Intan Rusaria Gustin , Andriani Susi , Puspariki Jenta
Published: January 2023

Latar belakang: Kaki yang tertutup sepatu dalam waktu yang cukup lama dapat membuat kaki lembab dan bau. Foot Spray didesain untuk dapat digunakan sebagai pembersih kaki yang ideal untuk membunuh bakteri penyebab bau kaki karena penggunaan zat aktif rempah-rempah yaitu biji papaya dan kayu manis.
Tujuan: Mengetahui cara pembuatan foot spray yang mengandung kombinasi biji papaya dan kayu manis dan menguji stabilitas fisik secara organoleptik dan uji PH selama 21 hari.
Metode: Metode penelitian tindakan yang terdiri dari empat komponen yaitu perencanaan, tindakan, pengamatan, dan refleksi meliputi pembuatan simplisia dan ekstrak biji pepaya dan kayu manis dengan 3 formula dengan perbedaan konsentrasi gliserin yang terkandung pada FI (0,5gr), FII (1,0gr) dan FIII (1,5gr) kemudian diamati organoleptik dan ph untuk mengetahui formula yang paling baik.
Hasil: Ketiga formula sediaan sampai hari ke 12 masih memiliki aroma wangi khas dan kuat, namun setelah hari ke 12 pada ketiga formula tersebut wangi khas tidak sekuat sebelumnya atau melemah. Warna sediaan pada FI dan FII memiliki perubahan dengan memudar nya warna di hari ke 18 dan pada F III warna sediaan memudar di hari ke 21. Bentuk sediaan berubah di hari ke 9 untuk F I, di hari ke 12 untuk F II, dan hari ke 21 untuk F III. Hasil uji PH sediaan foot spray ini 5,7 untuk FI, 5,6 untuk FII, dan 5,5 untuk FIII.
Simpulan: Formula paling baik sediaan foot spray ini adalah pada formula III setelah dilakukan hasil pengamatan organoleptik dan uji PH selama 3 minggu.
PEMBUATAN PLESTER EKSTRAK DAUN BANDOTAN (Aregatum conyzoides) DAN EKSTRAK DAUN KEMANGI (Ocimum sanctum) UNTUK MENUTUP LUKA
Authors: Rahayu Decya Meidi , Andriani Susi , Yanto Elih Sutisna
Published: January 2023

Latar Belakang: Luka terbuka adalah kondisi rusaknya jaringan fungsi dan anatomis struktur jaringan eksternal ataupun internal. Jika tidak ditutup, luka akan semakin parah karena infeksi dari mikroorganisme. Plester herbal dari ekstrak daun bandotan dan daun kemangi merupakan sediaan yang cocok untuk menutupi luka selain itu kandungan dari kedua ekstrak tanaman obat tersebut mengandung flavonoid, alkaloid, saponin dan tanin yang berfungsi sebagai antibakteri dan antiinflamasi.

Tujuan Penelitian: Membuat sediaan plester herbal yang mengandung tanaman tradisional dengan stabilitas terbaik yang aman digunakan oleh masyarakat sebagai salah satu pengobatan untuk menutup luka

Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian tindakan (action research) dan menggunakan konsep Kurt Lewin yang terdiri dari empat komponen yaitu perencanaan (planning), tindakan (action), pengamatan (observing), dan refleksi (reflecting).  Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan Juli-Agustus 2021.

Hasil: pembuatan sediaan plester dari ekstrak daun bandotan dan ekstrak daun kemangi. Dibuat 3 formula dengan jumlah ekstrak daun kemangi yang berbeda. Formula dibuat dengan perbandingan ekstrak daun bandotan dan ekstrak daun kemangi dimana Formula I(1:1) formula II (1:2) formula III (1:3). Menghasilkan sediaan plester yang baik sesuai dengan ketentuan dan standar yang ada dimana formula 3 menunjukkan visual terbaik, dengan pH kurang dari 5 dan keseragaman bobot dengan standar deviasi kurang dari 5%

Kesimpulan: Penelitian ini meliputi pembuatan simplisia lalu pembuatan ekstrak daun bandotan dan ekstrak daun kemangi hingga ke pembuatan sediaan plester Hasil uji organoleptik menghasilkan formula III sebagai visual terbaik. Uji pH membuktikan bahwa ekstrak daun bandotan dan ekstrak daun kemangi terbukti aman untuk kulit dengan pH 5. Serta hasil keseragaman bobot yang mengatakan bahwa masing-masing formula memiliki presentasi keseragaman bobot yang sesuai dengan standar dimana prosentase CV (standar deviasi) kurang dari 5%, formula I ;3,01 %, formula II ;1,06%, formula III; 0,7%.
BURIED BUMPER SYNDROME: UM RELATO DE CASO
Authors: Fernandes Ygor Rocha , Fernandes Filho Amadeu
Published: January 2023

A buried bumper syndrome (BBS) é uma complicação decorrente da gastrostomia endoscópica percutânea. Consiste no crescimento de mucosa gástrica sobre o anteparo interno da gastrostomia com alojamento do mesmo em qualquer local no trajeto formado pela sonda, desde as camadas da parede gástrica até as da parede abdominal. Com incidência variando de 0,9% a 8,8%, é tipicamente tardia (após 3 a 6 meses), mas também foram descritos casos precoces, como após 15 a 30 dias da gastrostomia.
AS INTERFACES DA EDUCAÇÃO BRASILEIRA: DESAFIOS E POSSIBILIDADES
Authors: Guerra Avaetê de Lunetta e Rodrigues , Rozendo Jefferson Florencio , Cavalcanti Sílvia Diener , Maia Giselle Carmo , Ribeiro Gilson Alves , Carvalho Luciana Siqueira de
Published: January 2023

O presente estudo teve como propósito analisar de forma geral, como as instituições de ensino lidam com as metodologias didáticas e escolares, além de debater sobre a relação aluno-professor em sala de aula. A metodologia utilizada foi a qualitativa, contribuindo para o desenvolvimento de pesquisas atuais e futuras sobre a temática em questão, discutindo os problemas e explorando materiais, artigos e fontes de referência em um contexto bibliográfico. Por fim, analisamos a relação aluno-professor em sala de aula, mostrando como se dar o processo de ensino e aprendizagem nas escolas. Assim, pretendemos contribuir para o desenvolvimento de futuras pesquisas acadêmicas na área, além de oportunizar um amplo debate sobre a temática proposta.
الأسباب السلوكية الاخلاقية للسعادة في القرآن الكريم، نماذج منتخبة
Authors: حسين علوان الويسي ياسين
Published: January 2023

تُعد السعادة وطلبها والبحث عن أسبابها من الأمور التي شغلت الإنسان من اول خلقه وستبقى كذلك حتى آخر الدنيا، وحتى في الاخرة فهو يطلب السعادة ، ولكن الفرق ان الإنسان يستطيع في الدنيا أن يعمل لأجل الحصول عليها، أما في الآخرة فينتظر أن يجني ما عمل في الدنيا، ومن هذه الأسباب، أفعال عملية يقوم بها الإنسان وهو يقصد بها التقرب إلى الله تعالى، فتحدو به إلى نيل كماله المرجو له، وحصوله على مبتغاه ومقصوده، وهي السعادة الدنيا وهي في هذه الحياة، والسعادة القصوى وتكون بعد مفارقة النفس للبدن، وفي يوم الآخرة، ومن هذه الأسباب السلوكية الأخلاقية المهمة هي: اتباع الهدى، خوف الله وخشيته ومخالفة الهوى، الالتزام بتقوى الله تعالى، التسليم والخضوع لله، تزكية النفس، الاستقامة، وطلب الرزق الحلال، والتوبة النصوح.
المنهج النحوي للشيخ عصمة الله البخاري (ت بعد 1000هـ) في حاشيته على الفوائد الضيائية
Authors:   وزارة التربية – مديرية تربية ميسان, عويطر سويلم محمد
Published: January 2023

حاولت في هذا البحث الوقوف على الجهود النحوية لواحد من أهم أصحاب الحواشي التي أقيمت على الفوائد الضيائية الموسوم بـ (شرح ملا جامي في النحو) وهو الشيخ عصمة الله البخاري المتوفي في حدود القرن الحادي عشر الهجري محاولا قدر الامكان الابتعاد عن جادة التقليد في تكرار جهود من سبقني في بيان الجهود النقدية لكثير من علماء النحو ولعل ما يكون لي عونا في ذلك ما يتصف به اصحاب الحواشي من صفات ربما تميزهم عن غيرهم من النحاة نضرا لما تتميز به شخصية أصحاب الحواشي من غلبة تأثيرات الفلسفة والمنطق والفقه عليه مما يجعل لهم طريقا خاصا في التأليف النحوي ممزوجا بتلك المؤثرات ساعيا الى أن تكون رحلة جديدة في البحث عن تلك الجهود وإظهار معالمها تحت المجهر العلمي لمعرفة حسن مفادها بما تقتضيه دقة التنظيم وحاجة المتعلم إليه لتكون مبذولة في طريق أهل العلم وطلابه داعيا إلى الله العلي القدير أن يجعلها من الباقيات الصالحات.
How horizontal transport and turbulent mixing impacts aerosol particle and precursor concentrations at a background site in the UAE
Authors: Kesti Jutta , O'Connor Ewan James , Hirsikko Anne , Backman John , Lihavainen Heikki , Korhonen Hannele , Asmi Eija
Published: January 2023

Abstract. Aerosol particle optical, physical and chemical properties have been previously studied in the United Arab Emirates (UAE), but there is still a gap in the knowledge of particle sources, and in the horizontal and vertical transport of aerosol particles and their precursors in the area. To investigate how aerosol particle and SO2 concentrations at the surface responded to changes in horizontal and vertical transport, we used data from a one-year measurement campaign at a background site where local sources of SO2 where expected to be minimal. The measurement campaign provided a combination of in-situ measurements at the surface, and the boundary layer evolution from vertical and horizontal wind profiles measured by a Doppler lidar. The diurnal structure of the boundary layer in the UAE was very similar from day to day, with deep well-mixed boundary layer during the day transitioning to a shallow nocturnal layer, with the maximum boundary layer height usually being reached around 1400 local time. Both SO2 and nucleation mode aerosol particle concentrations were elevated for surface winds coming from the east or western sectors. We attribute this to oil refineries located on the eastern and western coasts of the UAE. The concentrations of larger cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) sized particles and their activation fraction did not show any clear dependence on wind direction, but the CCN number concentration showed some dependence on wind speed, with higher concentrations coinciding with the weakest surface winds. Peaks in SO2 concentrations were also observed despite low surface wind speeds and wind directions unfavourable for transport. However, winds aloft were much stronger, with wind speeds of 10 m s-1 at 1 km common at night, and with wind directions favourable for transport, and surface-measured concentrations increased rapidly once these particular layers started to be entrained into the growing boundary layer, even if the surface wind direction was from a clean sector. These conditions also displayed higher nucleation mode aerosol particle concentrations, i.e. new particle formation events occurring due to the increase in the gaseous precursor.
Simulations of the Holocene climate in Europe using an interactive downscaling within the iLOVECLIM model (version 1.1)
Authors: Arthur Frank , Roche Didier M. , Fyfe Ralph , Quiquet Aurélien , Renssen Hans
Published: January 2023

Abstract. This study presents the application of an interactive downscaling in Europe using iLOVECLIM (a model of intermediate complexity), increasing its atmospheric resolution from 5.56 to 0.25∘ kilometric. A transient simulation using the appropriate climate forcings for the entire Holocene (11.5–0 ka BP) was done for both the standard version of the model and with an interactive downscaling applied. Our results show that simulations from downscaling present spatial variability that agrees better with proxy-based reconstructions and other climate models as compared to the standard model. The downscaling scheme simulates much higher (by at least a factor of 2) precipitation maxima and provides detailed information in mountainous regions. We focus on examples from the Scandes mountains, the Alps, the Scottish Highlands, and the Mediterranean. The higher spatial resolution of the downscaling provides a more realistic overview of the topography and gives local climate information, such as precipitation and temperature gradient, that is important for paleoclimate studies. With downscaling, we simulate similar trends and spatial patterns of the precipitation changes reconstructed by other proxy studies (for example in the Alps) as compared to the standard version. Our downscaling tool is numerically cheap, implying that our model can perform kilometric, multi-millennial simulations and is suitable for future studies.
Probing environmental and tectonic changes underneath Ciudad de México with the urban seismic field
Authors: Ermert Laura , Cabral-Cano Enrique , Chaussard Estelle , Solano-Rojas Dario , Quintanar Luis , Morales Padilla Diana , Fernandez-Torres Enrique A. , Denolle Marine A.
Published: January 2023

Abstract. The subsurface materials of Ciudad de México have unique mechanical properties that give rise to strong site effects. We investigated temporal changes in the seismic velocity at strong-motion and broad-band seismic stations throughout Mexico City, including sites with different geologic characteristics ranging from city center locations situated on lacustrine clay to hillsite locations on volcanic bedrock. We used autocorrelations of urban seismic noise, enhanced by waveform clustering, to extract subtle seismic velocity changes by coda wave interferometry. We observed and modeled seasonal, co-, and postseismic changes, as well as a long-term linear trend in seismic velocity. Seasonal variations can be explained by self-consistent models of thermo-elastic and poro-elastic changes in the subsurface shear wave velocity. Overall, sites on lacustrine clay-rich sediments appear to be more sensitive to seasonal surface temperature changes, whereas sites on alluvial and volcaniclastic sediments and on bedrock are sensitive to precipitation. The 2017 Mw 7.1 Puebla and 2020 Mw 7.4 Oaxaca earthquakes both caused a clear drop in seismic velocity followed by a time-logarithmic recovery that may still be ongoing for the 2017 event at several sites, or that may remain incomplete. The slope of the linear trend in seismic velocity is correlated with the downward vertical displacement of the ground measured by Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar, suggesting a causative relationship and supporting earlier studies on changes in the resonance frequency of sites in the Mexico City basin due to groundwater extraction. Our findings show how sensitively shallow seismic velocity, and in consequence, site effects, react to environmental, tectonic and anthropogenic processes. They also demonstrate that urban strong-motion stations provide useful data for coda-wave monitoring given sufficiently high-amplitude urban seismic noise.
Ovarian follicular dynamics in peripubertal Malabari goats
Authors: Aravind Amritha , Simon Shibu , Jayakumar C. , Abhilash R.S. , Venkatachalapathy R. T. , Raji K. , Gleeja V. L.
Published: January 2023

The aim of this study was to characterise the follicular dynamics in first two oestrous cycles of peripubertal Malabari goats. Transrectal ultrasonography was carried out on alternate days of oestrous cycles after first observed oestrus. Follicular studies revealed presence of two to five wave cycles with predominant three and four wave patterns. The interwave interval for ovulatory wave was longer than preceding waves in three and five wave cycles. The diameter of largest follicles in wave 1 was larger than follicles of subsequent waves of three, four and five wave cycles. The largest follicles in each wave could be observed from day 3 to day 13 of oestrous cycle. Majority of ovulations occurred on day 20 of oestrous cycles and short cycles were more in first oestrous cycle. The overall mean per cent of single and double ovulations were 56.3 and 43.8 and mean ovulatory follicle size was 6.59 ± 0.11 mm in peripubertal goats. The mean length of first and second oestrous cycle was observed as 17.72± 0.79 and 20.19± 0.43 days, respectively and mean duration of first and second oestrus was 36.88 ± 2.44 and 40.13 ± 1.84 h, respectively. The study revealed that predominant wave pattern was three and four waves in peripubertal Malabari breeds. The first oestrous cycle length was shorter and characterised by higher percentage of single ovulations with smaller periovulatory follicle size. Larger ovulatory follicles and double ovulations were observed in second oestrous cycle.
Observational Study on Captive Indian star tortoise (Geochelone elegans) in intra and interspecific enclosures
Authors: Aarthi M. , Shakila L. , Janani N.
Published: January 2023

Ethological studies in captivity play an important role in the conservation of animals. It also helps us to understand the human impact on fauna. On considering the behavioural aspects, birds and mammals have gained attention to some extent; but reptiles have not. This study attempts to focus on the behaviours of the Indian Star tortoise(Geochelone elegans) in captivity. The study species were observed in intra and interspecific enclosures. State and event behaviours were indexed. Though there is no species variation among star tortoises, the change in the behavioural pattern is due to their habitat differences. Locomotion, fighting, feeding, retreat and conspecific contact was found to be high in intraspecific enclosure. Basking and lying in the water was high in interspecific enclosure. Fighting was not observed in the interspecific enclosure during the study period. The resting period of star tortoises in interspecific enclosure was less when compared to intraspecific enclosure. Herpetofauna is a key component of an ecosystem and updating our knowledge via these kinds of ethological studies will benefit us in conserving the species in captivity.
Occurrence and distribution of gross and microscopic gastrointestinal lesions in pigs in Northern Kerala
Authors: Elizabeth V. , Anoopraj R. , Ajith J.G. , Pradeep M. , Chintu R. , Hamza P. , Dhanya T. , Alin M.T.K.
Published: January 2023

Gastroenteritis in swine herds pose a big constraint in pig farming due to the economic losses accompanying it. The present study utilised 57 pig carcasses to assess the occurrence and distribution of various gastrointestinal lesions in pigs in Northern Kerala. Gross changes in stomach were observed in 84.21 per cent of carcasses in which mucosal congestion (61.40 per cent) was the most frequent lesion. Principal microscopic gastric lesions observed were mucosal necrosis, cellular infiltration in lamina propria, hyperplastic epithelium, hyperkeratinisation and fibrino-necrotic membrane. Gross changes in at least one region of intestine were evident in all the samples. The most common lesions in intestines were engorgement of mesenteric blood vessels (80.70 per cent) followed by catarrhal enteritis (73.68 per cent). Salient gross lesions such as mucosal ulcers were observed only in caecum and colon, diphtheritic membrane formation was observed in ileum, caecum and colon. Major histological lesions observed in intestines were mucosal necrosis (89.47 per cent) followed by cellular infiltration in lamina propria (68.42 per cent). Histologically, the major site-specific lesions observed were Brunner gland hyperplasia in duodenum, necrosis, hyperplasia, and lymphocytic depletion of Peyer’s patches in ileum, granulomatous infiltration in ileum and colon, neutrophilic colitis and goblet cell depletion in colon. The present study observed a higher incidence of gastrointestinal variations in pigs irrespective of age and further research is needed to understand the etiological factors contributing to such heavy burden of gastrointestinal lesions.
Prevalence of Salmonella enterica in poultry processing lines of central Kerala
Authors: Radhika A. N. , Mathew Binsy , Latha C. , Menon K. Vrinda , Sathu T.
Published: January 2023

Salmonella enterica is the most pathogenic species frequently responsible for foodborne Salmonella infections in humans. Occurrence of Salmonella enterica in poultry processing lines is a potential risk for the contamination of poultry meat and processing environment. Crosscontamination of carcasses by Salmonella spp. during processing could pose food safety risks. Therefore, the present study involved the detection of Salmonella enterica in the poultry processing lines. The cloacal swabs, caecal contents and carcass rinsates of the birds were collected from processing lines of two processing plants one each from Thrissur and Ernakulam districts of Kerala. The Salmonella spp. were isolated by conventional culture technique on Xylose–lysine deoxycholate agar. The molecular confirmation of Salmonella spp. and S. enterica was carried out by targeting invA and iroB gene, respectively. Out of 450 samples analysed from both the processing lines, 14.22 per cent of the isolates were found to be positive for Salmonella spp. by PCR. The invA gene was detected in 67.19 per cent of the isolates and iroB genes was detected in 81.4 per cent of the Salmonella spp. isolates. Implementation of standard sanitation protocol and hygiene strategies is required to reduce cross-contamination of poultry carcasses.
Physico-chemical properties of cervical mucus discharge and endocrine profile during oestrus and metoestrus period in crossbred dairy cows with and without metoestrual bleeding
Authors: Nisarga M. , Promod K. , Chacko L. , Promod S. , Benjamin E.D.
Published: January 2023

The physicochemical properties of cervical mucus discharge (CMD), serum oestrogen and progesterone profiles during oestrus (day 0) and metoestrus (day 2) period in crossbred cows with (Group I, n=12) and without (Group II, n=12) history of profuse metoestrual bleeding were studied. Majority of group I cows exhibited clear and transparent CMD (83.33 per cent) with thin consistency (100 per cent), typical fern pattern (83.33 per cent), pH (7.58±0.12) and spinnbarkeit value of 12.64±0.50 cm during oestrus. However, during metoestrus all the cows (100 per cent) exhibited bloody CMD with thin consistency (66.67 per cent), ‘nil’ fern pattern (0.0 per cent), mean pH of 7.96±0.10 and mean spinnbarkeit value of 9.35±0.5 cm. In group I cows, the mean pH and spinnbarkeit values of CMD (7.96±0.10 and 9.35±0.5 cm, respectively) was significantly (p<0.01) higher than that of group II cows (7.64±0.07 and 7.75±0.30 cm, respectively) during metoestrus. The mean serum progesterone concentration of group I cows (1.61±0.55 ng/mL) was significantly (p<0.05) higher than that of group II cows (0.36±0.07 ng/mL) on day of oestrus. The mean serum oestradiol concentration of group I cow (6.85±0.53 pg/mL) was significantly (p<0.05) lower when compared to group II cows (8.48±0.49 pg/mL) during metoestrus. In conclusion, the physicochemical properties of CMD, serum progesterone and oestrogen profiles significantly altered in group I cows during oestrus and metoestrus which showed lower conception rate than that of group II cows.
Comparison of growth traits and carcass yield of Kuttanad and White Pekin ducks
Authors: Nimmi P. , Cyriac Stella , Anitha P. , Vineetha P. G. , Pramod S.
Published: January 2023

The study was conducted to compare the growth and carcass traits of Kuttanad [unselected (UKD) and improved meat line (IKD)] and White Pekin ducks (WPD). One hundred and twenty five day-old ducklings from each group were selected, wing banded and reared under uniform conditions by providing ad-libitum feed (22 per cent CP and 2800 Kcal/kg M.E) and water for 10 weeks. Fortnightly body weight, body weight gain, feed consumption and feed conversion ratio were calculated. Carcass traits like slaughter weight, carcass weight and dressing percentage (with and without giblets) were studied in eight birds of each group at 6, 8 and 10 weeks of age. Fortnightly body weight and body weight gain was found to be significantly (p<0.05) high in WPD, except during first fortnight where IKD showed significantly (p<0.05) higher body weight gain. The FCR was found to be better in WPD followed by IKD and UKD. The mean slaughter weight and carcass weight were significantly (p<0.05) high in WPD at 8 and 10 weeks of age. Dressing percentage (with and without giblets) in UKD and IKD were significantly (p<0.05) high at eight weeks whereas that of WPD at 10 weeks of age. White Pekin showed better values in growth traits and carcass yield than Kuttanad ducks. However, no significant difference was obtained between the traits of unselected and improved flocks of Kuttanad ducks.
Serum NT-pro BNP estimation for diagnosis of cardiac diseases in dogs withand without Holter Electrocardiographic arrhythmias
Authors: Himjyoti H. , Sindhu O.K. , Ajithkumar S. , Vinu D. P. , Bipin K.C. , Lijo J. , Bakshi S. P.
Published: January 2023

The study was conducted with an objective torule out the dogs presented with a complaint of clinical signs suggestive of cardiac disease. A total of 14 animals were chosenfor theassessment of serum NT-pro BNP level. The animals were grouped into to group 1 with Holterelectrocardiographic arrhythmias and group 2 without Holterelectrocardiographic arrhythmias. Group 1 showed significant increase in the NT-pro BNP levels in contrast to the control and group 2 animals. NT-pro BNP estimation in screening of dogs suspected for cardiac sickness was found to be reliable step when done concurrently withother diagnostic tests.
Occurrence of thermophilic Campylobacter spp. in pigs and the assessment of biosecurity measures employed at unorganized pig farms in Thrissur, Kerala
Authors: Vivekanandhan R. , Sunil B. , Latha C. , Menon K. Vrinda , Ambily R. , Gleeja V.L
Published: January 2023

Campylobacter spp. is considered as one of the major causes of foodborne illnesses worldwide. A total of 130 samples including faecal samples (n=40), rectal swabs (n=40) and sewage samples (n=50) were collected from the two unorganized pig farms to study the occurrence of Campylobacter spp. The biosecurity measures on the farms were also assessed. An overall occurrence of 26.15 per cent with a higher rate of isolation from rectal swabs (57.5 per cent) than faecal and sewage samples (25 per cent and 2 per cent) were observed. The occurrence of C. coli was found to be 55 per cent, while that of C. jejuni and C. coli was 5 per cent in rectal swabs collected from Farm A. Campylobacter coli could be isolated only from the sewage sample from farm B. Direct multiplex PCR screening detected C. coli in 32 per cent and 44 per cent of sewage samples from farms A and B, respectively. This indicates that the Campylobacter organisms in sewage samples might have attained viable but not culturable form. In both farms, no effective biosecurity measures were followed. The lack of biosecurity measures in farms contributes to the transmission of Campylobacter spp. from the environment to the animals. Farm workers of both the farms were unaware of hygienic practices and biosecurity measures. Furthermore, little attention was paid to personal protective measures, which could pose a significant occupational risk of contracting campylobacteriosis, resulting in complex sequelae.
Histomorphological stratification of stromal types associated with canine mammary tumours
Authors: Devi S. S. , George A. J. , Dhanushkrishna B. , Prasanna K. S. , Radhika G. , Martin K. D. John
Published: January 2023

Cancer associated stroma (CAS) consists mainly of a cellular fraction comprising fibroblasts, myofibroblasts, inflammatory cells, immune cells, endothelial cells, adipocytes and extracellular matrix (ECM). Recent reports have shown that the cancer stroma including the cellular fraction and ECM undergo considerable reprogramming during the process of tumourigenesis. Though there are some studies on CAS of human breast cancers (HBCs), similar studies are very much limited in canine mammary tumours. Hence, the present study was undertaken to classify the stromal types associated with malignant canine mammary tumours(CMTs). The excisional biopsy samples from 50 numbers of CMTs presented to Kerala Veterinary and Animal Sciences University hospitals at Mannuthy and Kokkalai during the period from November 2019 to December 2021 formed the study material. Histopathological stratification of cancer stroma was done using qualitative evaluation based on the stromal characteristics suggested for HBCs. Accordingly the cancer associated stroma in different tumour samples were classified as fibrotic stroma, inflammatory stroma and mixed stroma. Fibrotic stroma was further classified as mature/ sclerotic, intermediate and immature/desmoplastic types. The grade of tumours in relation to the type of stroma was also analysed and it was identified that with the exception of sclerotic stroma, all other stromal types could be observed in higher grades of CMTs. Desmoplastic and inflammatory stroma were predominantly seen associated with Grade II and Grade III tumours.
Molecular detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex in bovine blood samples
Authors: Sarika N. , Mani B. K. , Mini M. , Priya P. M. , Sunil B. , George Ajith Jacob , Devi K. L. Sarada
Published: January 2023

Bovine tuberculosis (bTB), predominantly caused by Mycobacterium bovis, is one of the most neglected zoonotic diseases of cattle. The lack of documented information on bTB is one of the most important hurdles in controlling the disease. The present study was carried out to detect the presence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC) from blood samples of cattle presented for slaughter, using polymerase chain reaction. The study revealed presence of MTBC in seven out of 50 animals (fourteen per cent) with symptoms suggestive of bTB. The detection of the organism emphasises the need of further prevalence studies in Kerala, to implement proper control strategies.
A prospective study on haematobiochemical aspects of atopic dermatitis in dogs
Authors: Ambily V.R. , Usha N.P. , Ajithkumar S. , Deepa C. , David P. Vinu , Maya S. , Aravindakshan T.V. , Krishna B. Dhanush
Published: January 2023

A prospective study on haemato-biochemical aspects of canine atopic dermatitis was conducted in the Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Mannuthy during the period from 2019 to 2021. Sixteen dogs diagnosed with atopic dermatitis using characteristic clinical (Favrot’s) criteria with exclusion of other pruritic skin diseases, together with elevated Ig E levels and ten healthy animals formed the subjects for the present study. Whole blood samples were collected from atopic and healthy controls and haematobiochemical parameters were estimated. Haemato-biochemical studies of atopic dogs revealed anaemia with leukocytosis, neutrophilia and eosinophilia and hypoalbuminaemia with reduced AG ratio. Absolute eosinophil count that was found positively correlated with neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in atopic dogs, is of diagnostic significance in quantifying inflammatory response which helps in instituting customized treatment to atopic animals in clinical practice. Hypoalbuminaemia observed in atopic animals in the present study indicates the need for nutrient supplementation in the therapeutic protocol of the disease.
Supracutaneous locking compression plating for the management of humerus fracture in a dog
Authors: Shakir S.N. , Philip Laiju M , Nair Sudheesh S , George Arun , Martin K.D. John
Published: January 2023

A dog was presented to the University Veterinary Hospital, Kokkalai with a history of nonweight bearing lameness on left forelimb and was diagnosed as humerus fracture. Supracutaneous locking compression plating was carried out after open reduction under general anaesthesia. Periodic clinical and radiographic evaluations were conducted at two weeks interval for a period of six weeks until the plate removal. Physiological and haematological parameters were within the normal range. The serum alkaline phosphatase level was high at the time of presentation and decreased progressively. The dog returned to sound gait, normal weight bearing and satisfactory functional limb usage by sixth post operative week. The fracture healed with periosteal and endosteal callus. The implant was intact and patient acceptance was satisfactory throughout the observation period.
Microbial quality of retort processed traditional Kerala chicken curry
Authors: Shree V. Vismitha , Nayar enuka , Mohan C.O. , Valsalan Namratha , Rajagopal Kavitha , Vasudevan V. N. , Aswathi P. B.
Published: January 2023

The present study was carried out at the Department of Livestock Products Technology, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Pookode and ICAR - Central Institute of Fisheries Technology, Kochi to develop retort processed traditional Kerala chicken curry and to evaluate its microbial quality. Traditional Kerala chicken curry was prepared using boneless chicken breast pieces and with a gravy of roasted coconut, spices and condiments. The product was packed in multilayer laminated pouch, which was then hermetically sealed and processed in an over-pressure retort. Accurate time-temperature standardisation was done to maintain sterility. The pouches were checked for commercial sterility after processing. The product was stored at ambient temperature and microbiological evaluation was conducted on days 0, 30, 60, 90 and 120 of storage. The curry showed no aerobic and anaerobic growth on different days of storage and did not spoil till day 120.
Occurrence of allergic dermatitis in dogs with special reference to canine atopic dermatitis in Kerala
Authors: Ambily V.R. , Usha N.P. , Ajithkumar S. , Deepa C. , David P. Vinu , Aravindakshan T.V. , Maya S. , Krishna B. Dhanush
Published: January 2023

Allergic dermatitis is an inflammatory skin disease manifested as itchy skin rashes, caused as a result of hypersensitivity reactions elicited in the body due to exposure to various allergens. Canine atopic dermatitis (CAD) is a widespread skin condition characterized by an inherited propensity to develop pruritic inflammatory skin disease linked to IgE antibodies, which usually target environmental allergens. The study was conducted on 245 cases of allergic dermatitis in dogs presented to the small animal dermatology unit during the period from 2019 to 2021. Out of the total 2,032 dermatological cases in dogs presented to the clinics from different parts of Kerala, 245 cases were diagnosed as various allergies over a period of three years, and out of which, 63 cases were recorded as canine atopic dermatitis (CAD). All the 63 cases diagnosed as CAD were utilized for age-wise, gender-wise and breed-wise occurrence of disease. The occurrence of allergic dermatitis in the present study was recorded as 13 per cent. The highest occurrence rate recorded was that of flea allergy followed by atopic dermatitis, contact allergy dermatitis and food allergy. In the current study, higher incidence (66.7 per cent) of atopic dermatitis was found in dogs below 3 years of age, followed by dogs older than 5 years and of the age group >3 to 5 years. Gender-wise occurrence of atopic dermatitis revealed a male predominance with a sex ratio of 1.74: 1 in the present study. Labrador breed of dogs were more prone to atopic dermatitis followed by Beagle, Pomeranian, Shih Tzu, Pug, Pit bull, German Shepherd dog, Dachshund, Rottweiler and Golden Retriever.
Les défis informationnels pour les étudiants au doctorat en médecine au Burkina Faso
Authors: Ouangré Zoé Aubierge , Laplante Audrey
Published: January 2023

Cette étude examine comment les étudiants au doctorat en médecine s’y prennent pour trouver l’information dont ils ont besoin dans le cadre de la réalisation de leur thèse. Un questionnaire et des entrevues semi-dirigées ont été utilisés comme instruments de collecte de données auprès d’étudiants au doctorat en médecine de l’Unité de Formation et de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé au Burkina Faso. L’analyse des résultats montre que les sources numériques sont plus utilisées que les sources imprimées. Les barrières les plus importantes auxquelles les étudiants se heurtent sont : les coûts directs pour accéder à l’information, c’est-à-dire les frais pour commander des articles scientifiques (barrières économiques); les délestages, l’instabilité de la connexion Internet et les ressources limitées des bibliothèques universitaires (barrières environnementales); les contraintes de temps (barrières situationnelles); la rareté de la documentation scientifique médicale en langue française et en contexte africain (barrières liées aux caractéristiques des sources). Nos résultats montrent cependant que les étudiants font preuve de débrouillardise et de créativité pour trouver des stratégies et surmonter certaines de ces barrières.
Influence of Service Quality and Customer Satisfaction on Customer Loyalty at the Brastagi Gatot Subroto Supermarket Medan
Authors: Elviani Hetti , Hutasuhut Julianto
Published: January 2023

The purpose of this study is to examine how customer happiness and service quality affect customer loyalty at Brastagi Gatot Subroto Supermarket in Medan. This study used a quantitative methodology. Observation, recordkeeping, and questionnaires are all used as research data collection methods. The Supermarket Brastagi Gatot Subroto Medan's entire customer base makes up the research population. 150 clients of the Brastagi Gatot Subroto Supermarket in Medan served as samples for this study, which was calculated using the Hair formula. Multiple linear regression analysis utilizing the SPSS Version 25.00 application is the data analysis method. The study's findings demonstrate that customer loyalty at the Supermarket Brastagi Gatot Subroto Medan is positively and significantly influenced by service quality, with a coefficient value of 0.603, a t-count > t-table value of (10.769 > 1.6550), and a significant value of 0.000 less than 0.05. At the Supermarket Brastagi Gatot Subroto Medan, customer satisfaction has a positive and substantial impact on customer loyalty, with a coefficient value of 0.319, t-count > t-table (5.718 > 1.6550), and a significant 0.000 less than 0.05. With a value of Fcount (145.217) > Ftable (3.06), and a significance value of 0.000 0.05, the findings of the F test demonstrate that service quality and customer satisfaction simultaneously affect customer loyalty at the Supermarket Brastagi Gatot Subroto Medan.

Keywords: Service Quality, Customer Satisfaction, Customer Loyalty
Role of Employee Performance at Distribution Center PT. Indomarco Prismatama Medan Branch Based on Discipline and Work Environment
Authors: Sosroaji Muhammad Tirto , Syamsuri Abd. Rasyid , Hutasuhut Julianto
Published: January 2023

This study aims to analyze the role of employee performance at the Distribution Center of PT. Indomarco Prismatama Medan Branch based on discipline and work environment. This study used a quantitative research methodology. The 54 participants in this study were all workers at the Distribution Center PT. Indomarco Prismatama Medan Branch. Saturated sampling is the technique employed. Due to the 54 employees who work at the Distribution Center PT. Indomarco Prismatama Medan Branch, all of the employees are used as research subjects. Observation, documentation studies, and questionnaires were the data collection methods employed. Multiple linear regression using the statistical product software solution (SPSS) program is the analytical approach used in this study. The findings of the study demonstrate that, at the Distribution Center of PT. Indomarco Prismatama Medan Branch, discipline has a favorable and significant impact on staff performance. The work environment at the Distribution Center PT. Indomarco Prismatama Medan Branch has a positive and significant impact on employee performance. Employee performance in the Distribution Center of PT. Indomarco Prismatama's Medan Branch is positively and significantly impacted by discipline and the work environment. The adjusted R square value for the coefficient of determination in this study was 0.811, which indicates that the factors of discipline and work environment may account for 81.9% of employee performance.

Keywords: Discipline, Work Environment, Employee Performance.