bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Changes in the Qualitative Composition of the milk of Holstein Cows During Summer Chronic Heat Stress
Authors: Mylostyvyi R , Midyk S , Izhboldina O , Cherniy N , Kornienko V
Published: March 2024

Seasonal summer heat stress leads to significant economic losses, resulting in a drop in milk yield in dairy cows and a deterioration in milk quality. The purpose of this study was to determine the changes in some qualitative parameters of milk in Holstein cows during chronic heat stress on one of the largest commercial dairy farms Ukraine (50Â°49â€²14â€³ N, 31Â°49â€²23â€³ E). Five multiparous cows of medium lactation with a milk yield of about 30 kg per day were randomly selected into the reference (in the spring, at the end of May) and the experimental group (in the summer, at the end of August). Milk samples were taken from cows during the morning milking. Qualitative analysis of milk included the identification of milk solids-not-fat, density, mass fraction of lactose, fat, protein and minerals, as well as the freezing point, electrical conductivity and active acidity using ultrasonic method. Animals were kept in naturally ventilated barns. The total mixed single-type balanced diet consisting of corn silage and concentrates that the cows received remained unchanged. The sampling of milk from cows of the experimental group was preceded by a continuous 26-day hot period, during which the maximum daily values of the temperature and humidity index did not fall below 72 units. The results showed that in the milk of the animals of the experimental group there was a significant decrease in the content of milk solids-not-fat, the mass fraction of fat and protein (P0.05). The mass fraction of lactose and minerals tended to increase. It should be noted that the average daily milk yield of dairy cows in the herd in spring and summer was almost at the same level. In conclusion, the results of the study showed that high summer temperatures lead to a deterioration in the quality of milk in Holstein cows. Despite the decrease in milk density and freezing point, these figures met the requirements of the standard. Organoleptic indicators of milk, electrical conductivity and active acidity of milk did not change in hot weather, their value indicated the naturalness of milk. The mass fraction of milk fat, which undergoes the greatest change under the influence of seasonal heat stress, is one of the most valuable components of milk, which has a direct effect on nutritional value and purchase price of raw milk. Therefore, a further deeper study of the fatty acid composition of milk using the method of chromato-mass spectrometry will provide valuable data necessary to search for possible herd management strategies to maintain high milk quality under conditions of seasonal heat stress.
Association of DGAT1 Gene Related to Flavor, Odor, Cholesterol, and Mineral in Indonesian Sheep
Authors: Amri Fisma , Harahap Ratna Sholatia , Sumantri Cece , Inounu Ismeth , Depison Depison , Alwi Yun , Gunawan Asep
Published: March 2024

Diacylglycerol acyltransferase 1 (DGAT1) is a potential candidate gene for improving Indonesian lambâ€™s quality and nutrient value.Â  The study aimed to identify the diversity of the DGAT1 gene with SNP g.8539 CT and its relation to Indonesian lamb's flavor and odor, cholesterol, and mineral.Â  Total of 254 ten to twelve months old sheep consisted of 20 Javanese fat-tail sheep (JFTS), 107 Javanese thin-tail sheep (JTTS), 10 Garut composite sheep (GCS), 10 Compass agrinak sheep (CAS), 10 Barbados cross sheep (BCS), 20 Garut sheep (GS), 27 Jonggol sheep (JS), and 50 Jambi local sheep (JLS).Â  One hundred sheep were used to analyze the association of the DGAT1 gene with flavor and odor content, cholesterol, and mineral.Â  The diversity of DGAT1|AluI was analyzed with the PCR-RFLP method.Â  The association of the DGAT1 gene with the nutritional value of meat was analyzed using the GLM (General Linear Model) method.Â  The results showed that the DGAT gene was polymorphic in JTTS, GS, and JFTS and monomorphic in CAS, BCS, JLS, and GCS.Â  CC and CT genotypes were found in JTTS, GS, and JFTS.Â  SNP g.8539 CT of DGAT1 gene had a significant association (P0.05) with flavor and odor, 4-Ethyloctanoic Acid (EOA).Â  However, the DGAT1 gene had no significant association (P0.05) with cholesterol and mineral.Â  The DGAT1 gene might be marker-assisted selection for improving lamb flavor and odor in Indonesian sheep.
Immunity and Behaviour of Lambs Born from Ewes Fed a Flushing Diet Containing EPA and DHA
Authors: Nurlatifah Aeni , Khotijah Lilis , Arifiantini Raden Iis , Maidin Mashitah Sikh , Astuti Dewi Apri , Herdis Herdis
Published: March 2024

Nutrition can influence lamb survival and the immune status during the neonatal phase until weaning. Â This study aimed to investigate the effect of flushing of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) from Lemuru fish oil in the Ewe's diet on lamb immunity and survival.Â  Twenty-eight neonatal lambs were divided into four treatments according to Ewe's diet.Â  Four treatments: control concentrate (P1), flushing concentrate withÂ  6% palm oil (P2), flushing concentrate with 3% lemuru oil and 3% palm oil (P3), and flushing concentrate with 6% lemuru oil (P4).Â  The Ewe were fed Napier grass and concentrated in a 30:70% ratio based on dry matter.Â  Ewe and their lambs remained together until weaning at about two months of age.Â  The parameter observed in ewes was colostrum Immunoglobulin G (IgG). Â The parameters in the Lamb are blood Ig G, neonatal behavior of the Lamb, physiological response, and hematology of the Lamb at birth and weaning.Â  The results showed that feeding P4, P3, and P2 to the Ewe resulted in a shorter latency to stand-in lamb (P0.05).Â  P1 has higher leukocytes (P0.05) during weaning than P2 and P3.Â  P1 has the same leukocyte as P4.Â  Treatment has a non-significant effect (P0.05) on Ig G and physiological response.Â  In conclusion, administering 6% Lemuru oil containing EPA and DHA twice can shorten the latency to stand in newborn lambs.
Quality of Bebek Ungkep as Affected by Natural Feed Additives
Authors: Mardiana Nur Agustin , Kurniawan D , Widigdyo A , Kurniawan H
Published: March 2024

This study aimed to determine the effect of natural feed additives on the quality of ducks based on chemical, microbiological, and organoleptic parameters.Â  The experimental design used in this study was the Completely Randomized Design, which consisted of 2 treatments, namely P0 (ducks were fed commercial feed during rearing) and P1 (ducks were given additional natural feed during rearing), with each treatment pentaplicates.Â  The observed variables were chemical properties (moisture content, protein content, ash content, fat content, cholesterol content, and saturated fatty acid content), microbiological properties (TPC, number of Enterobacteriaceae colonies, Salmonella sp., Staphylococcus aureus, and Listeria monocytogenes) and organoleptic quality (color, aroma, texture, taste and overall).Â  The data collected in this study were analyzed by one-way ANOVA.Â  The results showed an alteration of cholesterol content in Bebek Ungkep with natural additives during rearing.Â  Besides that, there was no significant difference in the parameters of the microorganisms.Â  For organoleptic, there is no significant difference for all parameters (taste, color, texture, overall) except aroma.
Effect of Curcumin Enema Dosage Regimes on the Reduction of Giardia Cyst among Calves
Authors: URAL Kerem , ErdoÄŸan Hasan , Ural Deniz AliÃ§ , PaÅŸa Serdar , ErdoÄŸan SongÃ¼l , Ayan Adnan , GÃ¼ltekin Mehmet , BalÄ±kÃ§Ä± Cansu
Published: March 2024

Giardiasis is one of the most significant and neglected parasitic infestations among calves, resulting in intestinal infections.Â  This protozoan agent gained diagnostic and therapeutical importance because of its zoonotic potential, in which novel alternative/substitute therapeutical interventions are important, and this is because commonly used antiparasitic drugs for control and eradication for battling this infection commonly presented side effects.Â  Therefore, the present project evaluated the anti-protozoan activity of curcumin at different dose regimes used via the rectal route, the main constituent of turmeric.Â  Rectal enema groups [Group I: 2 gr/kg, Group II: 80 mg/kg, and Group III: 10 mg/kg] and oral treatment Group IV: 2 gr/calf consisted of curcumin treatment at appropriate dosages showed herein in which the control group V were untreated. Â All treatment groups showed a statistically significant decrease in cyst counts on day 10, compared to day 10 values of the control group (p0.005).Â  Among the treatment groups, the highest cyst reduction was evident at 99.86% in curcumin 10 mg/kg rectal enema-administered calves (Group III), which received the lowest dose of the study. Â Curcumin at all dosages, primarily used in the rectal route at the lowest dosage regimen of 10 mg/kg, could have hastened clinical and parasitological efficacy via probable inhibition of Giardia proliferation and adhesion, as described previously.Â  This treatment modality via the rectal route can change the game, highlighting novel treatment protocols.
Educação Estatística na Formação de Professores de Matemática: reflexões de preceptores e residentes do Programa Residência Pedagógica
Authors: Souza Flávia Silva , Silva José Fernandes da
Published: March 2024

Este trabalho apresenta algumas reflexões dos participantes em um dos encontros, no qual o objetivo foi discutir e refletir acerca do papel da Educação Estatística na formação inicial de professores de Matemática. É um recorte da dissertação intitulada Conhecimento Didático-Matemático mobilizado por preceptor e residentes no contexto do Programa de Residência Pedagógica: uma proposta de trabalho para o ensino de Estatística. Este é um estudo de natureza qualitativa; os dados foram produzidos por meio de registros em áudio e vídeo do encontro de formação. As reflexões dos participantes no encontro revelam receio ao trabalhar com a Educação Estatística no início da carreira, devido a eles sentirem que a formação inicial não foi suficiente para gerar confiança e deixá-los confortáveis para lecionar tal conteúdo. Outra questão evidente desse trabalho foi a importância de políticas educacionais que promovam aos licenciandos espaços para refletirem sobre sua própria formação.
A exploração da linguagem probabilística por meio da literatura infantil nos Anos Iniciais Ensino Fundamental
Authors: Santos Emilly Rayane Moura Diniz
Published: March 2024

Esta pesquisa investiga o potencial da literatura infantil para a mobilização da linguagem probabilística, desenvolvendo um estudo exploratório de caráter qualitativo, com seis estudantes do 5º ano dos anos iniciais do Ensino Fundamental, no qual foram realizadas entrevistas Clínicas Piagetianas por meio da contação de histórias. Os resultados demonstram que os estudantes mobilizam diferentes linguagens em suas justificativas, como a linguagem verbal, numérica e simbólica, apresentando compreensões das mais intuitivas às mais complexas acerca das diferentes demandas cognitivas, além de um avanço qualitativo da mobilização das expressões verbais e numéricas, aplicando de forma adequada essas expressões. Concluímos que o uso da literatura infantil facilitou a mobilização de variados aspectos da linguagem probabilística e das demandas cognitivas, na medida em que se faz necessário familiarizar-se com a linguagem, pelo uso de diversos tipos de expressões para encontrar sentidos no que lê e escreve.
Propuesta de enseñanza de la distribución binomial para estudiantes de Bachillerato incorporando la tecnología
Authors: Cisternas Gabriela , Pallauta Jocelyn D. , Stuardo-Aguayo Alondra , Elgueda Macarena
Published: March 2024

En este trabajo se describe el proceso de aplicación de un diseño para la enseñanza de la distribución binomial el cual incorpora el uso del software Fhatom. En la experiencia participaron 35 estudiantes chilenos de 3º curso de Educación Media (15 a 18 años). El diseño de enseñanza considera representaciones como la manipulativa, computacional y algebraica, además se recogen algunas de las recomendaciones del proyecto GAISE. Se plantea una tarea con un contexto cercano para los estudiantes y que su solución implica la generación de distribuciones muestrales. A partir de esta información se proponen diversas cuestiones que permiten conjeturar sobre el concepto y características de la distribución binomial que posteriormente son formalizadas. Los estudiantes a través del desarrollo de la propuesta de enseñanza pudieron comprender algunos conceptos de la distribución binomial.
Educação estatística crítica: uma experiência de ensino-aprendizagem no MBA de um curso de Economia
Authors: Maciel Diêgo Bezerra de Melo , Campos Celso Ribeiro
Published: March 2024

A Estatística está presente em nossa vida pessoal, profissional e acadêmica, aparecendo no currículo dos mais variados cursos superiores. A elevada carga horária de Estatística presente nas graduações em Economia, confere a esses cursos um viés quantitativo, mas pouco crítico. Objetiva-se neste trabalho relatar uma proposta pedagógica de Estatística pautada pela perspectiva da Educação Estatística Crítica como metodologia de ensino-aprendizagem. Em específico, relata-se uma experiência de ensino em um curso de MBA da área de Economia, o qual ocorreu de forma virtual. Nesse contexto, mostramos algumas possibilidades de construção, no ensino superior, de uma aprendizagem estatística integradora, crítica e que valoriza a cidadania. O desafio dialógico dado pelo ensino remoto restou superado. Foi possível estabelecer uma relação desierarquizada, na qual docente e estudantes atuaram como cúmplices de um ensino crítico, direcionado para uma melhor compreensão da Estatística no âmbito dos problemas econômicos, mas também para a sociedade, em geral.
Ações afirmativas no Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul
Authors: Bergamaschi Maria Aparecida , Calazans Márcia Esteves de
Published: March 2024

O presente artigo trata das ações afirmativas criadas no Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul para ingresso e permanência de estudantes negros, quilombolas, indígenas, pessoas surdas e com deficiência, travestis e transexuais. Além de sistematizar e dispor dados, discorre sobre o processo de implementação desta ação no período de 2017 a 2022 e analisa as percepções da primeira turma de egressos do mestrado em resposta a um questionário on-line com perguntas que compuseram os eixos: ingresso, permanência e egresso. O objetivo principal é evidenciar os movimentos que constituem as ações afirmativas, considerando os processos seletivos, a permanência e o impacto da formação dos primeiros ingressantes. A perspectiva metodológica assenta-se na análise de documentos e de dados sistematizados na pesquisa Ações Afirmativas no PPGEDU/UFRGS, que visa, especialmente, produzir e aprofundar dados, informações e reflexões para qualificar essas ações e efetivar uma política afirmativa capaz de contribuir para transformar a universidade em um espaço equitativo e plural, com excelência acadêmica de fato e de direito, questionando o racismo estrutural e a colonialidade do poder/saber.
Cervical spinal cord hemisection impacts sigh and the respiratory reset in male rats
Authors: Fogarty Matthew J. , Zhan Wen‐Zhi , Mantilla Carlos B. , Sieck Gary C.
Published: March 2024

Cervical spinal cord injury impacts ventilatory and non‐ventilatory functions of the diaphragm muscle (DIAm) and contributes to clinical morbidity and mortality in the afflicted population. Periodically, integrated brainstem neural circuit activity drives the DIAm to generate a markedly augmented effort or sigh—which plays an important role in preventing atelectasis and thus maintaining lung function. Across species, the general pattern of DIAm efforts during a normal sigh is variable in amplitude and the extent of post‐sigh “apnea” (i.e., the post‐sigh inter‐breath interval). This post‐sigh inter‐breath interval acts as a respiratory reset, following the interruption of regular respiratory rhythm by sigh. We examined the impact of upper cervical (C2) spinal cord hemisection (C2SH) on the transdiaphragmatic pressure (Pdi) generated during sighs and the post‐sigh respiratory reset in rats. Sighs were identified in Pdi traces by their characteristic biphasic pattern. We found that C2SH results in a reduction of Pdi during both eupnea and sighs, and a decrease in the immediate post‐sigh breath interval. These results are consistent with partial removal of descending excitatory synaptic inputs to phrenic motor neurons that results from C2SH. Following cervical spinal cord injury, a reduction in the amplitude of Pdi during sighs may compromise the maintenance of normal lung function.
Investigated of the optical properties for SiO2 by using Lorentz model
Authors: Tarkhan Widad Hamza , Hasan Sundus Y.
Published: March 2024

In this work, the optical characteristics of SiO2 (refractive index [

n

n

], dielectric constant [

ε

r

{\varepsilon }_{{\rm{r}}}

], reflectivity [R], transmissivity [T], absorptivity [A], and absorption coefficient [α]) were studied using the Lorentz model. A comparison was made with the practical results of previous studies and showed a good agreement.
Healthcare professionals’ experiences of interdisciplinary collaboration in pain centres – A qualitative study
Authors: Nøst Torunn Hatlen , Dahl-Michelsen Tone , Aandahl Hanne , Steinsbekk Aslak
Published: March 2024

Objectives

The complexity of chronic pain requires interdisciplinary collaboration. Although this is recognisable in the framework for pain centres, few studies have investigated how interdisciplinary collaboration in pain centres is experienced by healthcare professionals, including the facilitators and barriers to interdisciplinary collaboration. The aim of the current study was therefore to investigate experiences of interdisciplinary collaboration in the treatment of patients with chronic pain among healthcare professionals in tertiary care pain centres.

Methods

Eleven healthcare professionals, representing different healthcare disciplines from the four regional pain centres in Norway, participated in semi-structured individual interviews. The data were analysed thematically.

Results:

The results were categorised into three themes ‘The best approach for chronic pain treatment’, ‘Collegial collaboration’, and ‘Challenges with interdisciplinary teamwork’. The informants valued the interdisciplinary work at the pain centre. They perceived it as the best approach for their patients and appreciated the support the collegial collaboration gave them as professionals. Although working together was rewarding and provided new insights, the informants also experienced the interdisciplinary teamwork as challenging, e.g., when the different professions disagreed on recommendations for further treatment or did not manage to work together as a team.

Conclusion

The informants found the interdisciplinary collaboration at the pain centre to provide the best treatment approach for their patients. It should be acknowledged that interdisciplinary teamwork can be challenging, and efforts should be put into establishing a good climate for collaboration and gaining knowledge about each profession’s unique character and how they contribute to pain centre treatments.
The Challenges of Defining the Borders of the Areas of Architectural Identity
Authors: Koblar Simon , Kušar Domen , Nikšič Matej
Published: March 2024

Determining precise boundaries between different territorial units is challenging due to various factors. Slovenia serves as example of country where defining boundaries of spatial units is full of challenges due to country’s diversity in various aspects. In architectural profession, it is possible to determine boundaries of architectural landscapes based on differences in placement of objects and their design. The work requires significant amount of data on buildings, which need to be processed and sensibly organized. In 1990s, Fister and colleagues delineated architectural landscapes and regions of Slovenia. However, even then, authors warned about the problem of changing building characteristics that define specific architectural landscapes or regions, and instability or possible alteration of boundaries between them. Some other disciplines also deal with similar problems where boundary-defining characteristics change. Several decades have passed since Slovenia’s first consideration of its architectural regions and landscapes, marked by devaluation of architectural identity and emergence of new building forms and purposes. As part of Targeted research project Architectural typologies and architectural landscapes and regions of Slovenia, we aimed to assess current situation in this field using various tools and the Method for Determining Architecturally Conditioned Spatial Identity (MAPPI). The detailed analysis of settlement of Prebold revealed significant impact of construction of new buildings in recent decades and the devaluation of architectural identity. This case has raised new questions, such as regulation of architectural appearance in characteristic areas, while also demonstrating the practical value of the MAPPI method for determining boundaries between architectural regions and landscapes.
The culture of urban space occupation in Ljubljana or how do the citizens appropriate the city through bottom-up approaches
Authors: Gatouillat Marius , Nikšič Matej
Published: March 2024

The culture of occupying urban space through temporary use or squatting is present in Ljubljana, the capital city of Slovenia, particularly since the 1990s. These occupations are a means for the residents to satisfy by themselves their demands and needs, ignored by the traditional institutions. They provide services for the residents of Ljubljana, and they add value to the city. However, they suffer from a lack of legitimacy because of their normative position. Their values and existence are typically subject to ongoing struggles. This article tends to emphasise that these alternative occupations of space, in their diversity, stand where the traditional institutions are missing.
TTK M. 1468 KAPSAMINDA KISMİ SİGORTANIN ÖZELLİKLERİ VE SİGORTACILARIN SORUMLU OLDUĞU MİKTARIN HESAPLANMASI
Authors: YOLAL Oğuz
Published: March 2024

Sigorta ettiren, sigorta konusu menfaati, tam değerine kadar sigorta ettirebileceği gibi, sigorta bedeli, sigorta değerinden düşük veya yüksek olabilir. Sigorta bedelinin sigorta değerinden düşük olması durumunda eksik sigorta; sigorta bedelinin sigorta değerinden yüksek olması durumunda aşkın sigortadan bahsedilir. Eksik sigorta yapılması hâlinde, sigorta ettiren, diğer sigortacılar ile sigorta konusu menfaatin tam değerine kadar sigorta ettirmek isteyebilir. Sigorta ettiren menfaati, tam değer üzerinden sigorta ettirmiş olmasına karşın, başka bir sigortacı ile aynı menfaati, aynı rizikolara karşı sigorta ettirmiş olabilir. Birden çok sigorta olarak adlandırılan bu durum, TTK m. 1465 ilâ 1468 hükümleri arasında yer almıştır. TTK m. 1465’te birden çok sigortaya ilişkin genel kural, 1466’da müşterek sigorta, 1467’de çifte sigorta ve 1468’de kısmi sigorta düzenlenmiştir. Kısmi sigorta ile sigorta ettiren, sigorta konusu menfaati tam değerine kadar sigorta ettirmektedir. Sonraki sigortacılar, sigorta sözleşmesinin yapıldığı tarihe göre sorumlu olmaktadırlar.
El error de Hegel: familia, matrimonio y género en la Filosofía del derecho
Authors: Lazos Ochoa Efraín
Published: March 2024

Este ensayo se propone entender el error de Hegel en su concepción de la familia, el matrimonio y el género, en la Filosofía del derecho. Para ello, revisa los contrastes entre el modelo hegeliano de matrimonio y sus alternativas contractualista (en su versión kantiana de la Metafísica de las Costumbres) y romántica (en la versión schlegeliana de Lucinde). El trabajo ofrece una reconstrucción del error de Hegel en sus dimensiones metafísica y política, y se pregunta porqué importa hoy, quizás a pesar de Hegel mismo, entender su pensamiento político.
Hegel y las Américas: aportaciones para una dialéctica ramificada
Authors: Romero Arturo
Published: March 2024

El presente texto comienza subrayando el privilegio que Hegel otorga a ciertas regiones geográficas en el contexto de la historia universal en detrimento de otras. Se señala particularmente cómo los pueblos primeros del Oriente pierden actualidad cuando el espíritu de la historia se traslada a otro pueblo nuevo, apropiándose de ese pasado y volviéndolo su patrimonio. Los pueblos primeros son considerados la infancia de la humanidad y, si no se extinguen, continúan una existencia de fósiles vivientes. Igualmente, los pueblos que no constituyen el pasado de Europa carecen de existencia histórica hasta ser descubiertos por ésta. Así, tanto los pueblos que salen de la historia, como los que ingresan a ella se miden de acuerdo con un único presente, que constituye la punta de lanza de la historia y que se finca en la potencia mundial del momento. Con miras a conservar la potencia crítica del pensamiento hegeliano en muchos otros respecto, pero enmendando sus obvias limitaciones en el juicio de otros pueblos, naciones y grupos humanos, ofrecemos elementos para ampliar el espacio lógico que ofrece su dialéctica. Proponemos su expansión hacia una “dialéctica ramificada”. Ella exigiría pensar una historia que tiene diferentes “hilos históricos” simultáneos que se atan y se desatan tanto en una secuencia temporal, como a partir de encuentros puntuales en el espacio geográfico del mundo. Existe también pluralizar el presente en diferentes focos. El reto lo constituye el poder mantener una dinámica dialéctica local, pero no global. Para ello nos servimos del pensamiento del lógico Gotthard Günther.
Komunikacijos vaidmuo rengiant ir įgyvendinant verslo organizacijos strategiją ir kuriant jai finansinę vertę: komunikacijos veiklų vertinimo rodiklių sistema
Authors:   , Jakučionienė Lina
Published: March 2024

The role of communication in the development and implementation of a business organisation’s strategy and the creation of financial value: a framework of indicators for evaluating communication activities
Structural and biochemical studies of an Argonaute and its associated protein from Archaeoglobus fulgidus
Authors:   , Golovinas Edvardas
Published: March 2024

Struktūriniai ir biocheminiai Argonaute ir su juo asocijuoto baltymo iš Archaeoglobus fulgidus tyrimai
Biologically active compounds as a means of changing the metabolic activity of pathogenic clinical strains of E. coli and S. Aureus
Authors: UA Ivantsou , TV Artsiukh , EA Sidarovich , VM Sheibak
Published: March 2024

Microorganisms require nutrients to maintain their physiological functions. Changes in the availability of free amino acids affect the expression of virulence factors, the degree of activity of bacteria, their ability to undergo genetic transformation, and the formation of persistent cells. This study demonstrates that bioactive compounds, such as tryptophan, zinc aspartate, arginine, tatipacin, and taurine, have a modulating effect on the metabolism of microorganisms in vitro. The study found that the metabolic activity of microorganisms increased when exposed to concentrations of bioactive compounds ranging from 0.5–50 µg/ml, particularly in the presence of arginine. Additionally, the presence of BAS in the nutrient medium impacted the growth kinetics of microorganisms. Statistically significant changes were observed compared to the control (without the addition of BAS) after 4 hours of incubation and continued until 36 hours of incubation. The study revealed a significant difference between BAS and control during the 16–24 hour incubation period (p<0.001). The modulation of bacterial activity by BAS can be achieved through various targets and interaction points, such as BAS concentration, the unique cellular structure of the microorganism, its metabolism, and the bacterial pathogen's resistance mechanisms. These findings have broad implications, including the potential for future studies to overcome antibiotic resistance in bacteria.
LITHIUM IN THE SUBSOIL OF UKRAINE Part 5. Mineralogy of lithium-bearing objects: lithium minerals
Authors: Pavlyshyn V.I. , Cherniyenko N.M.
Published: March 2024

The fifth part of the publication "Lithium in the depths of Ukraine" is devoted to the mineralogy of lithium — silicates and phosphates, but without lithium micas, which, together with other micas, are described in Part 4. Here, the following lithium minerals are characterized in varying detail (the Li2O content of the mineral (mas. %) is given in parentheses after the formula): eucryptite — LiAl[SiO4] (11.80), elbaite Na(Al,Li)3Al6(BO3)3(F,OH)4[Si6O18] (1.1—1.4); spodumene — LiAl[Si2O6] (5.9—7.6); holmquistite Li3Mg3Al2(OH)2[Si8O22] (2.1—3.5); petalite — Li[AlSi4O10] (2.0—4.1); margarite — CaAl2(OH)2[Si2Al2O10]-(Li,Be) (1.82); donbasite — Al2[(Si3Al)O10](OH)2·Al2.33(OH)6 (0.1—3.0); cukeite (Al,Li)3Al2[(Si,,Al)4O10](OH)8 (0.8—4.3); triphillite — Li(Fe2+,Mn2+)[PO4] (5.51—8.62); lithiophyllite — Li(Mn2+,Fe2+)[PO4] (5.50—8.60); amblygonite LiAl(F)[PO4] (6.4—9.0); montebrasite — LiAl(OH)[PO4] (10.7—11.1); simferite — Li(Mg,Fe3+,Mn3+)2.0[PO4] (5.35—5.45). The description of these minerals is supplemented by a summary table of the mineral composition of rare metal pegmatites, selected according to the quantitative ratio of the main ore minerals — spodumene and petalite. The latter are not the first phases of crystallization of the pegmatite melt, so their distribution in space is close to the following pattern: the highest content of ore minerals is concentrated between the peripheral zones and cores of pegmatites. Spodumene and petalite of Ukrainian pegmatites, in comparison with similar minerals of large global lithium deposits, differ in the following features: 1) smaller sizes of mineral individuals; 2) greater xenomorphism of mineral individuals; 3) a weaker manifestation of isomorphic substitutions of atoms.
Ultrahigh-Pressure Orange Garnets from the Sedimentary Deposits of the Upper Bug Area (Ukrainian Shield)
Authors: Pavliuk O.V. , Pavliuk V.M.
Published: March 2024

The article is dedicated to the investigation of orange garnets from Miocene-Pliocene deposits of the Balta suite and the Sarmatian stage in the Vinnytsia area. The Vinnytsia area is located on the southwestern slope of the Ukrainian Shield. The crystalline basement on most of the area is represented by granitoids of the Berdychiv complex of Paleoproterozoic age, and to a lesser extent by enderbites and charnockites of the Lityn complex of Neoarchean age. Among these, there are mafic and ultramafic bodies ranging from 0.5 to 2 meters in thickness. The sedimentary cover with a total thickness of up to 20 m is represented by sands and clays of the middle Sarmatian, Balta and Quaternary sediments. These deposits are enriched with mantle minerals, predominantly pyrope, and four diamond crystals have also been discovered. We studied the chemical composition (253 crystals) and morphology (278 crystals) of the orange garnets. The studied samples are mostly represented by garnets of pyrope and pyrope-almandine composition, a small part is represented by grossulars. Most of the garnets are unrounded crystal fragments ranging in size from 0.2 to 0.6 mm, exhibiting signs of intense hypergene changes. These are evident in the development of positive (block) and negative relief features, appearing as drop-shaped, cone-shaped, small hilly microrelief and various forms of etching channels. The morphological features suggest that these garnets were probably relocated a short distance from their primary sources and had been present in the weathering crust for an extended period. The original sources of garnets are most likely Precambrian and located on active tectonic zones, which led to their destruction. According to chemical composition data, among orange garnets low-chromium websterite and low-calcium eclogite varieties, as well as garnets of high-iron mantle pyroxenites are dominated. The presence of titanium impurities in many garnets indicates the possible diamond-bearing nature of some primary sources.
Exploring the Potential of Probiotics in Dentistry: A Literature Review
Authors: Castro Sofía , Garay Sedany , Espinoza-Carhuancho Fran , Medina Julia , Mendoza Roman , Mauricio Franco , Mayta-Tovalino Frank
Published: March 2024

To describe the scientific literature on the uses and application of probiotics in dentistry. An electronic search was carried out without date restriction in the PubMed and Scopus databases. The articles were compiled, and their characteristics, objectives and methods were studied using the following keywords: "probiotics", "S. mutans", "oral health", "biofilm", among others. For the present literature review, 10 studies were chosen that investigate the probiotic action of certain strains such as Lactobaccillus and Bifidobacterium in periodontal and orthodontic treatments, among others. These studies proved their efficacy in different types of presentations such as tablets and yogurt, in different types of populations such as infants, young people and older adults. Finally, a large part of these studies determined biofilm reduction. Based on the research articles, strains such as Lactobaccillus and Bifidobacterium showed positive effects in the reduction of bacterial plaque such as S. mutans in short- and long-term periods in different populations. There is a large production of studies concerning the application of probiotics in dentistry. However, it is necessary to carry out studies with other types of bacteria and different vehicles to determine more precisely which species help to maintain oral health.
Potential of Artificial Intelligence to Generate Health Research Reports of Decayed, Missed and Restored Teeth
Authors: Costa Eliana Dantas , Carneiro José Andery , Guerra Zancan Breno Augusto , Gaêta-Araujo Hugo , Oliveira-Santos Christiano , Macedo Alessandra Alaniz , Tirapelli Camila
Published: March 2024

This study aims to indicate the potential of artificial intelligence (AI) in epidemiological reports of decayed, missed and restored teeth. As a proof of concept our study model used panoramic x-ray images and an AI algorithm for tooth numbering, detection of the caries and restorations with accuracy over 80% for such diagnostic tasks. The output came as the number of decayed, missed and restored teeth according to patient´s age and the DMFT index (number of decayed, missing, and filled teeth) which varied from 3.6 (up to 20 years old) to 20.4 (+60 years old). Thus, it is suggested that AI is a promising method to automate health data collection through the analysis of x-rays.
Democratic Conundrum: Introspecting Complexities and Dynamics in Pakistan's Political Landscape
Authors: Chatterjee Souvik
Published: March 2024

Research Problem: This research aims to explore the main obstacles hindering Pakistan's democratic transition, including weak economic policies, structural imbalances, and military interference, all of which have led to insecurity, conflict, and the oppression of civilian rule. In addition, this research also aims to understand Pakistan's political culture which combines autocratic and democratic ideologies, as well as how political satisfaction with different regimes impacts the acceptance of military regimes and the inability of marginalized groups to express their opinions under authoritarian rule.
Research purposes: The aim of this research is to identify and analyze the main challenges facing Pakistan's democracy, including issues of partisanship and segregation practices, as well as to understand historical and current issues that can help identify changes needed to strengthen democracy in Pakistan.
Research methods: This research uses a descriptive-analytical approach by collecting data through literature reviews and analysis of official documents, such as government reports and international agency reports. Interdisciplinary analysis is used to understand the impact of historical and socio-cultural factors on the development of democracy in Pakistan.
Results and Discussion: The research results show that the main challenges to Pakistan's democracy include fraudulent electoral processes, political centralization, segregation, and biased party politics. The lack of a dynamic civil society and military domination of civilian government are contributing factors to the failure of democracy in Pakistan. Discussions of history and current issues also provide insight into the changes needed to improve democracy in the country.
Research Implications and Contributions: This research has important implications for policymakers and stakeholders interested in improving democracy in Pakistan. By understanding and identifying the challenges faced, this research can provide guidance for developing appropriate strategies and measures to strengthen democracy and promote political inclusion in Pakistan.
Government, Religion and Fake News
Authors: Leheza Yevhen
Published: March 2024

Research Problem: This research aims to understand the role of social media in the dissemination of information, especially news, as well as the challenges faced regarding the spread of fake news by individuals who do not verify its accuracy.
Research purposes: The aim of this research is to educate social media users to use these platforms wisely, with a focus on understanding the role of social media in the dissemination of information..
Research methods: This research uses a qualitative approach by conducting a literature review and discourse analysis based on Miles and Huberman's theory.
Results and Discussion: Although social media plays a vital role in the dissemination of news, it is vulnerable to exploitation by individuals who do not verify its accuracy. Key challenges include a lack of cultural literacy and insensitivity to the information being shared. To tackle the spread of fake news, important steps include implementing robust information filtering, increasing digital literacy, and establishing reporting mechanisms to relevant authorities.
Research Implications and Contributions: This research has implications for increasing understanding of the spread of fake news on social media and providing suggestions for addressing this problem. The implications include the need to comply with applicable laws and regulations as well as encouragement for social media users to act responsibly in sharing information online.
Ilaria Porciani, ed.: Food Heritage and Nationalism in Europe
Authors: Hayward Vicky
Published: March 2024

Ilaria Porciani, ed.: Food Heritage and Nationalism in Europe: Routledge, Oxford, 2019: 236 pp, hardback, £115.00.
David Castro Hussong and Jay Porter: The Baja California Cookbook. Exploring the Good Life in Mexico
Authors: Lord Matt
Published: March 2024

David Castro Hussong and Jay Porter: The Baja California Cookbook. Exploring the Good Life in Mexico: Ten Speed Press, 2020: 272 pp., hardback, £22.50.
A PAISAGEM URBANA ENQUANTO ESPAÇO SOCIOCULTURAL DE CONSUMO DO POP
Authors: Cavalcanti Xavier Maxwell
Published: March 2024

A cultura pop, amplamente difundida no espaço urbano, é um elemento fundamental para a compreensão das transformações que ocorrem no espaço urbano. Sendo assim, o presente trabalho tem como objetivo a reflexão acerca das modificações socioespaciais da paisagem urbana ocasionada pelo advento e propagação da cultura pop nas cidades para o consumo. Tendo como base o conceito geográfico de paisagem, será debatido a relação da cultura pop e suas percepções na construção da paisagem - real e imaginária - criadas para a produção de um desejo de consumo de lugares ícones da cultura de massa, e como a atual sociedade do consumo reverbera na cultura e no espaço urbano.
First Report of Organochlorine Pesticides and Heavy Metals in a Stranded Bottlenose Dolphin Off the Central Coast of Veracruz State: A Warning to Assess Pollution in a Reef Marine Ecosystem from the Gulf of Mexico
Authors: Hernández-Candelario Isabel C. , Pardío-Sedas Violeta , Gálvez Casandra , Morteo Eduardo
Published: March 2024

Live-strandings of cetaceans are uncommon in the southwestern Gulf of Mexico. However, an adult female bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) with normal body condition was recorded at Pelicano’s Beach on the coast of Veracruz State. Health assessment showed multiple external injuries, possibly caused by the stranding event, as well as potential bacterial infection, and, thus, the individual was held in temporary facilities for rehabilitation. Blood samples were taken to assess the health status of the individual and were also analyzed for concentrations of 20 pollutants (14 organochlorine pesticides [OCPs] and six heavy metals [HMs]). The animal was released and found dead within a few days. The concentration of OCPs and HMs were close or above the government limits. Although these were lower than those reported in other living, free-ranging bottlenose dolphins, there are well-known negative effects for health. Low OCP values were attributed to an offloading process through lactation or mobility of the lipophilic OCPs that pass from blood to fat. Whereas HM concentrations (mainly non-essential metals: mercury [Hg], lead [Pb], and cadmium [Cd]—2.73, 21.13, and 12.67 µg L-1, respectively) were probably linked to the diet and the possible distribution of the specimen (possibly offshore). This is the first report on pollutants from anthropogenic origin in the area where uncontrolled activities are of major concern within a protected national reef park. Since marine ecosystems are under continuous pressure, several health issues for top predators are being noticed; therefore, this study underlines the relevance of studying health status of marine mammals in the Mexican waters of the Gulf of Mexico.
Photo-Identification and Skin Lesion Prevalence of Bottlenose Dolphins (Tursiops erebennus) in the Waters of New York and New Jersey
Authors: Trabue Sarah G. , Rekdahl Melinda L. , Rosenbaum Howard C.
Published: March 2024

Cetaceans can serve as sentinel species in marine environments as long-lived, apex predators that can concentrate environmental contaminants with potential health consequences. Thus, monitoring the well-being of these species may provide an additional indicator of ecosystem health. In cetaceans, one method for assessing individual and population health is by examining skin conditions. For decades, skin lesions have been increasingly documented in coastal populations of bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops spp.) worldwide. Lesion presence can indicate diminished health and may reflect environmental stressors. Herein, we document the prevalence of epidermal lesions/marks in bottlenose dolphins from the waters off New York and New Jersey during their seasonal presence from spring to fall. Photographs of distinct individuals sighted from May to October 2017 to 2021 were compiled into a catalog, and skin lesions were categorized and counted. Annually, the lowest skin lesion prevalence was in 2021 (p = 0.31), and the highest was in 2017 (p = 0.81). By month, prevalence generally decreased from spring to fall. Overall lesion prevalence in this population was higher than reported estimates for other populations in the coastal waters of the United States. The five most common categories were cloudy white spots, dark spots, white amorphous lesions, tattoo lesions, and dark fringe lesions; and the three most common groups were potentially pathogenic lesions, hypopigmentation, and rake mark-associated potentially pathogenic lesions. Some of the observed lesions have been associated with viral infections that may be exacerbated by environmental stressors. This research establishes an important baseline for further studies into bottlenose dolphin population health in and around the New York–New Jersey Harbor Estuary, particularly given the continued expansion of anthropogenic activities, including those related to forthcoming offshore wind development.
Impact of Green Manuring and Nitrogen Fertilization on Rice Cultivation: A Peruvian Amazon Forest Study in San Martín Province
Authors: Arévalo-Aranda Yuri , Rodríguez-Toribio Elmer , Rosillo Leodan , Díaz Henry , Torres Chávez Edson , Cruz Juancarlos , Siqueira-Bahia Rita de Cássia , Pérez Wendy
Published: March 2024

Green manuring is an environmentally friendly technology aimed at providing nutrients to plants, enhancing soil fertility, mitigating soil degradation, controlling weeds and pests, and decreasing reliance on inorganic fertilizers. However, it requires dissemination and support to be adopted, especially in the poorest agricultural communities in Latin America. The study was conducted at the El Porvenir INIA in San Martín, Perú; it assessed two treatment sets: (1) green manure Crotalaria juncea (CroJ), Canavalia ensiforme (CanE), no green manure; and (2) nitrogen fertilizer dose (FN75, FN100). It was arranged in a split-plot design with four replications. During the experiment we detected an important fluctuation in soil parameters, however, it is the diminished levels of soil carbon and nitrogen, which were presumably the outcomes of microorganism processes. Otherwise, we observed that CanE significantly reduced the diseased tillers by "White Leaf Virus" (RHBV) by 2.82% compared to the control. The superior outcomes were achieved through CanE, and the highest yield was 8.36 t.ha-1 with the CanE - FN100 treatment. Additionally, the nutritional quality of rice was not altered by green manures or chemical nitrogen fertilization doses tested.
DÜŞÜK VE ORTA RİSKLİ PULMONER TROMBOEMBOLİ HASTALARINDA BOVA SKORUNUN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ VE NT- PROBNP İLE KORELASYONU
Authors: ARI Emrah , USUL Eren , KARAOĞLU Eyüp , ARI Maşide , KAHVECİ Uğur
Published: March 2024

Amaç: Bova skoru, hemodinamik olarak stabil PTE hastalarında risk sınıflandırması için kullanılan skorlama sistemidir. N-terminal beyin natriüretik peptid (NT-ProBNP), PTE’de hemodinamik instabilitenin erken belirteci olabilir. Çalışmamızda Bova skoru ve NT-ProBNP’nin normotansif PTE hastalarında 30 günlük mortalite tahmini ve aralarındaki korelasyonu değerlendirmeyi amaçladık.

Gereç ve yöntem: Akut PTE’li hemodinamisi stabil olan düşük ve orta riskli 142 hasta retrospektif olarak değerlendirildi. Hastaların NT-ProBNP değerleri ve hesaplanan Bova skorları kaydedildi. Bova skoru ve NT-ProBNP’nin 30 günlük mortaliteyi öngörebilirlikleri değerlendirildi. Aralarında korelasyon olup olmadığı araştırıldı.

Bulgular: 01.02.2020 ve 01.10.2021 tarihleri arasında acil serviste akut PTE tanısı alan 18 yaş ile 90 yaş arasındaki 142 hasta değerlendirmeye alındı. Hastaların 77 (%54,2)’si kadındı. Tüm hastaların yaş ortalaması 63±17 (hayatta kalan 61±17, ölen hastaların 78±10) bulundu. Ölen hasta grubunda troponin değeri anlamlı derecede yüksek sonuçlandı. En sık görülen semptomlar dispne ve göğüs ağrısı olarak saptandı. Bova skoru için kesme değeri 2 ve üzeri olarak belirlediğimizde AUC: 0.726, sensitivite 63.6, spesifite 80.9, PPV 25, NPV 96,4 olarak saptandı. NT-Pro-BNP için kesme değeri 450 olarak belirlediğimizde AUC 0.688, sensitivite 90.9, spesifite 55.7, PPV 13.4, NPV 97.3 olarak saptandı. Her iki parametre de en yüksek negatif prediktif değeri gösterdi. Ayrıca mortalite tahmininde; NT-Pro-BNP’nin duyarlılığı yüksek, Bova skorunun özgüllüğü yüksek bulundu. Bova skoru ile NT-Pro-BNP arasında orta düzeyde korelasyon saptandı.

Sonuç: Bova skoru, normotansif akut PTE hastalarının prognozunda yüksek özgüllüğe sahiptir. Acil servislerde orta ve düşük riskli PTE hastaların değerlendirilmesinde kullanılabilir. NT-ProBNP ise hastanın hipotansiyonu olmasa bile sağ ventirkül disfonksiyonunun değerlendirilmesinde güvenle kullanılabilir. Bova skoru ve NT-ProBNP’nin korelasyonu orta düzeydedir. Daha net sonuçlar elde edilmesi için çok merkezli ve daha fazla hasta ile yapılan çalışmalara ihtiyaç vardır.
Why Hasn't Animated Horror Succeeded?
Authors: Metuarau Tuakana
Published: March 2024

This video looks at animations history with the horror genre and in doing so attempts to recognise
why horror has never found a wider audience within the animation medium.