bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Deep tumor imaging by upconversion nanoparticles
Authors: Sholina Nataly , Demina Polina , Khochenkov Dmitry , Generalova Alla , Nechaev Andrey , Khaydukov Eugeny
Published: September 2018

In this work are shown the prospects of using upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) as markers for contrast optical imaging of a tumor. For using nanoparticles for biomedical purposes is implemented a technique for coating nanoparticles with polymers, such as PEG and PSA. This approach provides low non-specific adsorption, which prolongs the circulation of UCNPs in mouse bearing Lewis Lung Cancer (LLC) up to 10 hours. These properties allow nanoparticles to quickly accumulate in the tumor. Effective delivery of particles with different polymer coatings in the tumor is demonstrated with the help of an epiluminescent imaging system.
Room temperature optical thermometry based on the luminescence of the SiV defects in diamond
Authors: Miller Caius , Puust Laurits , Kiisk Valter , Ekimov Evgeny , Vlasov Igor , Orlovskii Yurii , Sildos Ilmo
Published: September 2018

SiV-containing microcrystals of diamond are synthesised by using high-pressure high-temperature treatment of a mixture of pertinent organic-inorganic precursors. Photoluminescence of SiV defects were investigated with the aim to use the microcrystals for optical temperature sensing in near infrared at room temperature based on temperature-dependent shift of the 740 nm zero-phonon line of SiV photoemission.
Effect on the Formation of Magnetite Reduced Graphene Oxide with Controlled Stirring Duration
Authors: Yau Xin Hui , Khe Cheng Seong , Mohamed Saheed Mohamed Shuaib , Lai Chin Wei
Published: September 2018

Graphene is a promising material due to its fascinating properties, such as mechanical, electronic and thermal properties. Graphene based hybrids materials also have been widely studied due to its wide applications, such as sensors, energy storage and conversion, electronic device and others. The current study presents the synthesis of magnetite-reduced graphene oxide (M-rGO) nanocomposites through in situ chemical synthesis at different stirring durations. This synthesis process involves the redox reaction between the iron(II) salts and graphene oxide (GO) sheets. Various techniques were employed to characterize the synthesized M-rGO nanocomposites. From X-ray diffraction (XRD) results, the crystal structure of M-rGO was found to be independent on the stirring duration. Three magnetite vibrations, D band and G band were observed in Raman spectrum of M-rGO with 24 hours stirring duration. From Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analysis, M-rGO with 24 hours stirring duration showed the strong intensity of Fe-O vibration. Thus, this indicated that a large amount of magnetite nanoparticles were covered on the surface of rGO sheets. This result is further supported by the morphology of nanocomposites from scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and the elemental analysis (EDX). A monolayer of rGO sheet (C= 33.79 atomic %) with full coverage of magnetite nanoparticles (Fe= 30.20 atomic %) was found for the M-rGO with 24 hours stirring duration. Overall, M-rGO require 24 hours of continuous stirring to ensure full coverage of magnetite nanoparticles on the surface of rGO sheets.
Theoretical Analysis on the Impact of Total Damping Ratio on the Power Output of an Electromagnetic Vibration Energy Harvester
Authors: Foong Faruq Muhammad , Thein Chung Ket , Ooi Beng Lee
Published: September 2018

Vibration energy harvesting has emerged as a promising source of sustainable energy to power small electronics. This study investigates the effect of total damping on the power output of an electromagnetic vibration energy harvester. Analytical results show that an increase in the effective mass of the harvester increases the mechanical damping but decreases the electromagnetic damping. The total damping of the harvester displayed an increasing trend with the effective mass when the electromagnetic damping is lower that the mechanical damping but changed into a decreasing trend when the electromagnetic damping becomes larger than the mechanical damping. Findings also suggest that there is an optimum proof mass to beam mass ratio where the harvester would produce maximum power in both cases of where a constant and varying optimum load resistance were considered.
Doppler shift extraction of wideband signal using spectrum scaling matching
Authors: Fengzhen Zhang , Guijuan Li , Zhaohui Zhang , Chen Hu
Published: September 2018

Doppler shift is an important feature of moving targets. It can be used to extract target velocity, distance, track and other movement parameters. According to the problem of extracting Doppler shift for wideband signals with unstable line spectrum or no line spectrum, we proposed a Doppler shift extraction method for wideband signals based on spectral scaling matching. Firstly, a spectrum reference matrix corresponding to different relative Doppler shift is generated. Then, the matching degree of Doppler signal spectrum and reference matrix is measured by linear correlation coefficient. Finally, the Doppler shift of wideband signals is extracted through matching degree optimization. Simulation results show that the proposed method can extract the Doppler shift characteristics of wideband signals effectively.
Experimental Research on Relationship between UHF Partial Discharge Signals and Discharge Quantity in GIS
Authors: Yang Tao , Wu Jianrong , Zhang Guozhi , Huang Liang , Lv Qiansu , Zhang Lin , Huang Li , He Siyang , Wang Shuai , Zhang Xiaoxing , Zhang Jian
Published: September 2018

Apparent discharge quantity is usually recognized as judgement standard for severity of partial discharge in the field of electrical equipment insulation diagnosis. In recent years, the ultra-high-frequency (UHF) method has been widely used due to its unique advantages on on-line monitoring and positioning, but the relationship between UHF partial discharge signals and discharge quantity is still a difficult problem of UHF method. In order to research relationship between UHF partial discharge signals and discharge quantity in GIS, a large number of experiments, based on four kinds of typical insulation defects in the GIS, are carried out. Degree of correlation, between parameters including UHF energy, quadratic integral, peak voltage, peak-to-peak value, wave area and discharge quantity, the square of discharge quantity, is studied based on coefficient of determination. The experimental results show there is linear relation between UHF signal energy and the square of discharge quantity with high related degree.
An Efficient Hardware-Based Fault-Tolerant Method for SMS4
Authors: Luo Hanguang , Wen Guangjun , Su Jian
Published: September 2018

The SMS4 cryptosystem has been used in the Wireless LAN Authentication and Privacy Infrastructure (WAPI) standard for providing data confidentiality in China. So far, reliability has not been considered a primary objective in original version. However, a single fault in the encryption/decryption process can completely change the result of the cryptosystem no matter the natural or malicious injected faults. In this paper, we proposed low-cost structure-independent fault detection scheme for SMS4 cryptosystem which is capable of performing online error detection and can detect a single bit fault or odd multiple bit faults in coverage of 100 percent. Finally, the proposed techniques have been validated on Virtex-7 families FPGA platform to analyze its power consumption, overhead and time delay. It only needs 85 occupied Slices and 8.72mW to run a fault-tolerant scheme of SMS4 cryptosystem with 0.735ns of detection delay. Our new scheme increases in minimum redundancy to enhance cryptosystem’s reliability and achieve a better performance compared with the previous scheme.
Composing Internet of Things Platforms in Smart Grid
Authors: Varga Ervin , Blagojević Bojan , Mijić Dejan
Published: September 2018

The abundance of smart appliances and concomitant data in Internet of Things (IoT) poses new industrial challenges. Devices must be managed, and data efficiently harvested. IoT platforms are the rescue; they are key architectural components in combatting complexity and scalability issues. This paper proposes a pragmatic composition method of these platforms, hence helps solving IoT interoperability conundrums. The described approach results in a higher-level abstraction, that shields user applications from the underlying turmoil. Our article presents an approach of wrapping such a mesh under a high-level domain API. To verify the soundness of our proposal we have implemented a fully functional proof of concept implementation. The source code is freely available at request. The outcome decisively demonstrates the proposed method's feasibility, power, and usefulness.
Influence of measuring force on CMM accuracy
Authors: Wang Bin
Published: September 2018

The measuring accuracy of CMM (Coordinate Measuring Machine) is influenced by many factors, such as temperature, humidity, measuring force and method of signal acquisition. For thin parts, the influence of measuring force is especially obvious. In this paper, the relationship between measuring force and measurement accuracy is studied for a thin part with a U-shaped cross-section. By analyzing the structure of the probe and establishing the force model, the influencing factors of the accuracy of CMM are obtained, and the influence of the contact deformation and the bending deformation on the measurement accuracy is analyzed from the point of view of material mechanics. At the same time, the measurement accuracy of different measuring cross-sections is analyzed. Through the research of this paper, the relationship between measuring force and CMM is established, and an effective method to improve the accuracy of CMM is also found.
On the Analysis Performance of Updating Weight for Estimation Target of Drone System
Authors: Lee Kwan Hyeong , Lee Jae Hoon
Published: September 2018

In this paper, we propose the method which desired signal is estimated by updating the weight of the MVDR algorithm. The MUSIC algorithm is generally a lot of used in the direction of arrival estimation method. The MUSIC algorithm has a good resolution because of using subspace techniques consisting of a signal subspace and a noise subspace. The processor capability of drone system is required low power consumption and low computation complexity because it uses a microprocessor. If the drone system has a lot of computation complexity, the desired signal cannot be estimated. This paper study a method estimating the desired signal with a simple calculation. The proposed method is updated weight by the covariance matrix of MVDR algorithm. Through simulation, we analyse performance by comparing MVDR, MUSIC and the proposed method. In the simulation results, the proposed method is the same as the MUSIC algorithm in direction of arrival estimation. Since the proposed method has no subspace, it reduces computational complexity than MUSIC algorithm. The desired signal estimation of the proposed method is superior to the MVDR algorithm.
Solar power generation short-term forecasting model’s implementation experience
Authors: Kochneva Elena
Published: September 2018

Recently there is significant increase in the installed capacity of solar power plants in Russia. Thereby there are issues of solar power plants owners information support for participation in wholesale electricity market. The paper describes the experience of short term forecasting system practical implementation. The system is proposed for forecasting the solar power plant generation “a day ahead” as a part of the software for automatic meter reading systems “Energosfera”. The short-term forecasting program modules structure, key parameters and characteristics used during the forecasting process description is presented.
A Cognitive Framework to Secure Smart Cities
Authors: Tayeb Shahab , Raste Neha , Pirouz Matin , Latifi Shahram
Published: September 2018

The advancement in technology has transformed Cyber Physical Systems and their interface with IoT into a more sophisticated and challenging paradigm. As a result, vulnerabilities and potential attacks manifest themselves considerably more than before, forcing researchers to rethink the conventional strategies that are currently in place to secure such physical systems. This manuscript studies the complex interweaving of sensor networks and physical systems and suggests a foundational innovation in the field. In sharp contrast with the existing IDS and IPS solutions, in this paper, a preventive and proactive method is employed to stay ahead of attacks by constantly monitoring network data patterns and identifying threats that are imminent. Here, by capitalizing on the significant progress in processing power (e.g. petascale computing) and storage capacity of computer systems, we propose a deep learning approach to predict and identify various security breaches that are about to occur. The learning process takes place by collecting a large number of files of different types and running tests on them to classify them as benign or malicious. The prediction model obtained as such can then be used to identify attacks. Our project articulates a new framework for interactions between physical systems and sensor networks, where malicious packets are repeatedly learned over time while the system continually operates with respect to imperfect security mechanisms.
A Dynamic Hierarchical Evaluating Network for Real-Time Strategy Games
Authors: Yang Weilong , Zhang Qi , Peng Yong
Published: September 2018

Researches of AI planning in Real-Time Strategy (RTS) games have been widely applied to human behavior modeling and combat simulation. State evaluation is an important research area for AI planning, which ensures the decision accuracy. Since complex interactions exist among different game aspects, the weighted average model usually cannot be well used to compute the evaluation of game state, which results in misleading player’s generation strategy. In this paper, we take dynamic changes and player’s preference into consideration, analyze player’s preference and units’ relationships base on game theory and propose a dynamic hierarchical evaluating network, denoted as DHEN. Experiments show that the modified evaluating algorithm can effectively improve the accuracy of task planning algorithm for RTS games.
Le nez, marqueur orthodontico-chirurgical
Authors: Nimeskern Nicolas
Published: September 2018

Introduction : À la recherche d’un marqueur global de fonctionnementphysiologique de la mécanique faciale, l’auteur retrouve dans la ventilation nasalede repos un élément primordial à considérer. Materiels et Methodes : Des rappelsembryologiques, anatomiques et de physiologie respiratoire, ainsi que l’étude dela littérature dans les domaines concernés amènent à considérer le nez sous unnouveau jour. Conclusion : L’auteur conclut que l’objectif d’une ventilation nasalede repos doit être obligatoirement assigné à toutes les thérapeutiques.
Vers une orthodontie contemporaine et raisonnée. Un entretien avec Chris Chang
Authors: Chang Chris , Renger Stéphane
Published: September 2018

Chris Chang est membre du Board américain d’orthodontie et éditeur en chef du journal international de l’orthodontie numérique. Il est aussi membre de la société d’Angle du centre ouest aux États-Unis, fondateur et actuel président du Centre Orthodontique « Newton’s A et Beethoven » à Taiwan.

Il a obtenu son doctorat (PhD) en physiologie osseuse en 1994 et son certificat en orthodontie de l’Université d’Indiana-Purdue en 1996.

Il est l’auteur de sept livres numériques, et co-auteur de nombreux articles dans different journaux professionnels, et est reconnu internationalement pour son expertise dans l’utilisation de mécaniques simplifiées lors de traitements pluridisciplinaires.

Outre ses activités d’enseignant, il est l’inventeur d’une mini-vis orthodontique en acier (OBS).
L’interception parodontale chez l’enfant et l’adolescent. Place de la chirurgie plastique parodontale : avant ? pendant ? après ?
Authors: Fouque Caroline , Pignoly Marion
Published: September 2018

Introduction :L’orthodontie chez l’enfant et l’adolescent doit tenir compte de la spécificité de leur parodonte : son immaturité. La décision d’intervenir en cas de situations à risque sur le plan parodontal est donc advantage réfléchie que chez l’adulte. Toute la difficulté consiste à trouver le juste équilibre entre l’intervention par anticipation, qui évite l’aggravation supposée d’une situation risquée, et la surveillance, qui évite la sur-correction au risque de voir la situation s’aggraver au cours du traitement orthodontique. Un examen parodontal et orthodontique minutieux permettent de repérer les biotypes gingivaux et les mouvements orthodontiques à risques pour la santé parodontale.Objectifs :Le but est de pouvoir élaborer un plan de traitement parodontal spécifique pour chaque jeune patient et de pouvoir intervenir rapidement en cas d’apparition ou d’aggravation d’un défaut parodontal.Materiels et Methodes :Les auteurs proposent quelques pistes pour tenter d’être au plus près de la réalité et prendre la bonne decision face au choix difficile entre interception et surveillance.Conclusion :Un suivi parodontal très régulier sera plus souvent envisagé que chez l’adulte. Des visites fréquentes permettront de suivre l’évolution du parodonte, tout comme celle de la maturité du jeune patient, ce qui permettra d’intervenir rapidement si une recession apparaît ou s’aggrave.
Modifications péri-orales fonctionnelles et morphologiques lors du traitement précoce des malocclusions de classe II division 1 avec des appareils d’éducation fonctionnelle de la gamme EF Line®
Authors: Alouini Ons , Rollet Daniel
Published: September 2018

Introduction : L’objet de cet article est d’évaluer les effets d’une gouttière d’éducation fonctionnelle souple dans le traitement d’interception des dysmorphoses de classe II division 1. Materiels et Methodes : Une étude EGIDYS observationnelle prospective, multicentrique et non comparative a été menée chez 81 enfants de classe II division 1, présentant un ou plusieurs troubles dysfonctionnels. Les patients ont porté une gouttière souple de la gamme EF Line® à raison de deux heures minimum par jour et toute la nuit pendant douze mois, associée à des exercices d’éducation en fonction des cas. Ils ont été suivis après un mois, quatre mois et douze mois de traitement. La ventilation, la position linguale, la tension des lèvres et de la musculature péri-orale, la forme des arcades et les measures céphalométriques dento-squelettiques ont été évaluées au début et après un an d’éducation fonctionnelle. Resultats : À l’inclusion, l’examen fonctionnel montre que la majorité des enfants présentent une position de langue basse au repos, une ventilation buccale ou mixte, un tonus musculaire labial et péri-oral anormal et un maxillaire souvent étroit. L’examen céphalométrique initial enregistre les parameters suivants : surplomb, recouvrement incisif, inclinaison des incisives inférieures par rapport à la ligne A-Pog, angles SNA, SNB et ANB. Après douze mois d’éducation fonctionnelle avec une gouttière souple EF Line®, on observe une amelioration des fonctions de la sphère oro-faciale, objectivée par une correction de la position de la langue au repos, ainsi que de l’indice lingual en faveur d’une position de la langue contre le palais, une réduction de la tension de la lèvre inférieure au repos et en fonction, ainsi que des muscles buccinateurs, une augmentation de la capacité à respirer par le nez et un changement de forme du maxillaire en faveur d’une forme arrondie. On observe également une réduction importante du surplomb et du recouvrement incisif, ainsi qu’une baisse significative de l’angle ANB due à sa composante SNB qui est augmentée. Cette première étape du plan de traitement orthodontique aboutit à 73 % d’amélioration des dysmorphoses de classe II division 1. La correction de la malocclusion et des troubles fonctionnels est corrélée de manière significative à une bonne observance du port de la gouttière EF Line®. Conclusions : Cette étude a permis de montrer que les éducateurs fonctionnels souples EF Line®, de par leur conception, corrigent efficacement les troubles fonctionnels liés à une mauvaise position linguale et que cela entraîne des modifications dento-squelettiques positives par rapport à l’absence de traitement. D’un point de vue clinique, les gouttières souples EF Line® ont un intérêt dans le prétraitement orthopédique et orthodontique des dysmorphoses de classe II division 1.
Nutrition for the Young Athlete
Authors: Llorente-Cantarero Francisco , Palomino-Fernández Laura , Gil-Campos Mercedes
Published: September 2018

Child athletes require a healthy and balanced nutrition according to the type and intensity of the sport activity. This review aims to provide integrated and updated information to establish adequate nutritional guidelines for these children, essentially avoiding deficiencies or unbalances that can be harmful for their health. A lack of vitamins and minerals can affect their health especially at long term and depending on the type of sport and age of the child. The diet must be controlled without any nutritional supplements. It is also important to know which nutrients can improve performance of the child athlete during both training and competition. In conclusion, the contribution of macro- and micronutrients to the diet, together with an adequate hydration according to the energy expenditure must be controlled for child athletes to ensure a good status of health.
Extended Treatment with Apixaban for Venous Thromboembolism Prevention in the Netherlands: Clinical and Economic Effects
Authors: de Jong Lisa , Gout-Zwart Judith , Stevanovic Jelena , Rila Harrie , Koops Mike , Huisman Menno , Postma Maarten
Published: September 2018

Background Dutch guidelines advise extended anticoagulant treatment with direct oral anticoagulants or vitamin K antagonists for patients with idiopathic venous thromboembolism (VTE) who do not have high bleeding risk.

Objectives The aim of this study was to analyze the economic effects of extended treatment of apixaban in the Netherlands, based on an updated and adapted previously published model.

Methods We performed a cost-effectiveness analysis simulating a population of 1,000 VTE patients. The base-case analysis compared extended apixaban treatment to no treatment after the first 6 months. Five additional scenarios were conducted to evaluate the effect of different bleeding risks and health care payers' perspective. The primary outcome of the model is the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) in costs (€) per quality-adjusted life-year (QALY), with one QALY defined as 1 year in perfect health. To account for any influence of the uncertainties in the model, probabilistic and univariate sensitivity analyses were conducted. The treatment was considered cost-effective with an ICER less than €20,000/QALY, which is the most commonly used willingness-to-pay (WTP) threshold for preventive drugs in the Netherlands.

Results The model showed a reduction in recurrent VTE and no increase in major bleeding events for extended treatment in all scenarios. The base-case analysis showed an ICER of €9,653/QALY. The probability of being cost-effective for apixaban in the base-case was 70.0% and 91.4% at a WTP threshold of €20,000/QALY and €50,000/QALY, respectively.

Conclusion Extended treatment with apixaban is cost-effective for the prevention of recurrent VTE in Dutch patients.
Rapid and accurate characterization of silver-paste metallization on crystalline silicon solar cells by contact-end voltage measurement
Authors: Xiong Shenghu , Li Yongsheng , Liu Cui , Yuan Xiao , Tong Hua , Yang Yuxia , Ye Xiaojun , Wang Xianhao , Luo Lan
Published: September 2018

Contact-end voltage measurement was applied to characterize the contact-formation process of silver paste metallization on p- and n-type crystalline silicon solar cells under different temperatures with well-designed fixtures and test patterns based on the circular transmission line model. The contact-end voltage values were found to be sensitive to sintering temperature, and the current density and contact end voltage curves of both contacts were linear, stating that the contacts were ohmic contacts. Their symbols on the n-type emitter reversed from negative to positive under the established connection mode, which indicated conductive-path changes manifested in the form of macroscopic electrical properties under insufficient, optimal, and over-fired conditions. We inferred that the conductive channel variations were mainly caused by the silver crystallites that precipitated on the emitter surface from the combination of the cross-sectional and interface morphology analyses. No similar phenomenon was observed on the p-type emitter for the few silver crystallites or silver-aluminum alloy without conductive-path alternation. Their values were much greater than those of the n-emitter, which agreed with the present industrial n-type cell characteristics. The measurement improved our understanding of the contact formation process, and can be used as a flexible approach for researchers to optimize the silver-paste formula and sintering processes for high-efficiency solar cells.
Probing the non-equilibrium transient state in magnetite by a jitter-free two-color X-ray pump and X-ray probe experiment
Authors: Pontius N. , Beye M. , Trabant C. , Mitzner R. , Sorgenfrei F. , Kachel T. , Wöstmann M. , Roling S. , Zacharias H. , Ivanov R. , Treusch R. , Buchholz M. , Metcalf P. , Schüßler-Langeheine C. , Föhlisch A.
Published: September 2018

We present a general experimental concept for jitter-free pump and probe experiments at free electron lasers. By generating pump and probe pulse from one and the same X-ray pulse using an optical split-and-delay unit, we obtain a temporal resolution that is limited only by the X-ray pulse lengths. In a two-color X-ray pump and X-ray probe experiment with sub 70 fs temporal resolution, we selectively probe the response of orbital and charge degree of freedom in the prototypical functional oxide magnetite after photoexcitation. We find electronic order to be quenched on a time scale of (30 ± 30) fs and hence most likely faster than what is to be expected for any lattice dynamics. Our experimental result hints to the formation of a short lived transient state with decoupled electronic and lattice degree of freedom in magnetite. The excitation and relaxation mechanism for X-ray pumping is discussed within a simple model leading to the conclusion that within the first 10 fs the original photoexcitation decays into low-energy electronic excitations comparable to what is achieved by optical pump pulse excitation. Our findings show on which time scales dynamical decoupling of degrees of freedom in functional oxides can be expected and how to probe this selectively with soft X-ray pulses. Results can be expected to provide crucial information for theories for ultrafast behavior of materials and help to develop concepts for novel switching devices.
Signal-to-noise ratio analysis and improvement for fluorescence tomography imaging
Authors: Wang Huiquan , Feng Xing , Shi Boya , Liang Wenxuan , Chen Yongping , Wang Jinhai , Li Xingde
Published: September 2018

CCD-based fluorescence tomography is widely used for small animal whole-body imaging. In this report, systematic signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) analyses of a fluorescence tomography imaging (FTI) system were performed, resulting in an easy-to-follow strategy to optimize hardware configurations and operational conditions for acquiring high-quality imaging data and for improving the overall system performance. Phantom experiments were conducted to demonstrate the performance improvement by these optimizations. The improved performance was further verified by imaging a tumor-bearing mouse in vivo. This report provides general and practical guidelines for setting up a high-performance electron multiplying charge coupled device based FTI system to achieve an optimized SNR, which can be useful for future FTI technology development.
Large grain size CH3NH3PbI3 film for perovskite solar cells with hydroic acid additive
Authors: Wen Yan , Tang Yong-Gang , Yan Guo-Qing
Published: September 2018

To reduce the defects of perovskite films, various additives are often introduced into the precursor solution. Here, Hydriodic (HI) acid is used as additive in Isopropanol (IPA) solution of methylammonium iodide (MAI) in two-step spin-coated method to obtain high quality MAPbI3 perovskite film. According to the scanning electron microscope (SEM) image, the grain size of the film increases with the increase of the concentration of HI. When the concentration of addition is 0.004 vol% HI/IPA, the grain size is the largest and the film is the most uniform. In addition, photoluminescence spectra (PL) and Ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) absorption spectroscopy show the enhancement of the optical absorption, which also proves the improvement of the film’s quality. With the structure of ITO/PTAA/MAPbI3/PCBM/Ti/Au, Perovskite Solar Cells (PSCs) were fabricated using MAI solutions with different volume ratios of HI/IPA. The power conversion efficiency (PCE) of the best cell was increased to 18.21% from 16.1%. This study proposes a simple and very effective method of using two-step sequential deposition to produce high-performance PSCs.
Hole transport layer free bulk heterojunction organic solar cells with high work function ITO anodes
Authors: Lu Wenhui , peng Yiran , Chen Qiyin , Tang Wei , Pang Tao , Zhang Shuai , liu Zhixin , Yan Lei , Wang Xingzhu
Published: September 2018

In this work, hole transport layer (HTL) free bulk heterojunction organic solar cells (BHJ-OSCs) based on PTB7:PCBM as active layer have been fabricated by employing various ITO anodes with different work function. The power conversion efficiency of the BHJ-OSCs is significantly improved from 3.76 to 8.47% with increasing the work function of the ITO anode. By combining Mott–Schottky curves, external quantum efficiency and reflectance spectra of the BHJ-OSCs, we identify that the improved optoelectronic conversion due to the enhanced built-in electric field within the active layer which is induced by the high work function ITO anodes. The hole transport layer free device structure can be considered for the fabrication of cost-effective BHJ-OSCs due to their simple structure and high efficiency.
Temperature measurements provide 3-D ultrasound maps rapidly
Authors: Larter Raima
Published: September 2018

A new thermographic method for visualizing ultrasound fields allows rapid scanning of volumes to produce 3-D maps of the sound intensity.
The effect of feed protein content on the uniformity of production in laying hens
Authors: Palma Bendezu Hilda Cristina , Sakomura Nilva Kazue , Malheiros Euclides Braga , Silva E. P. , Gous Robert Mervyn
Published: September 2018

The objective of this research was to describe the effect of dietary protein content on the uniformity of egg production in ISA-Brown and Hy-Line laying strains. Six dietary protein levels (120–220 g protein/kg feed) were each fed to 16 individually caged hens, per treatment and strain, during the first 6 weeks of the trial from 28 weeks of age. During the second phase, from 35 weeks, only one feed was offered, this containing 175 g protein/kg. Egg production, feed intake, egg weight, egg output and changes in bodyweight were measured. Some birds were sampled before the trial began, after 6- and again after 10-weeks for carcass analysis. Maximum egg output differed between strains but the marginal response to dietary protein was the same in both strains, the coefficients of response being 220 mg protein/g egg output and 9.0 g per kg bodyweight. The coefficient of variation in egg output was low in both strains fed the highest protein feed but increased as the dietary protein level dropped, with the biggest increase occurring in outputs between birds fed 140 and 120 g protein/kg. These increases were particularly marked in the ISA strain, being almost twice as high as those of the Hy-Line strain. Similarly the lowest coefficients of variation in daily food intake were on the highest protein feeds, with a 2- to 3-fold increase on the lowest dietary protein levels, but with both strains in this case showing similar degrees of uniformity. Variation in body lipid content was higher in the ISA strain between dietary treatments. Uniformity in egg output is increased at the highest intakes of dietary protein because the amino acid requirements of an increasing proportion of the population are met by these higher protein contents. As the protein supply becomes marginal and then deficient uniformity is decreased not only because the most demanding individuals cannot consume sufficient to achieve their potential, but also because birds differ in their ability to deposit excess energy as body lipid when attempting to consume sufficient of a feed limiting in protein. This ability to fatten differs not only between individuals within a population but between strains, as shown in the differences between the two strains used in this trial.
Performance and metabolic status of grazing beef heifers receiving increasing protein supplementation pre- and postpartum
Authors: Sotelo Deilen , Paulino Mário Fonseca , Rennó Luciana Navajas , Detmann Edenio , Ortega Roman Maza , Marquez David Contreras , Martins Leandro Soares , Mageste de Almeida Daniel , da Costa Lima Josilaine Aparecida , Henrique de Moura Felipe
Published: September 2018

The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of increasing levels of prepartum and postpartum protein supplementation on nutrient intake and digestibility, productive performance and metabolic status of beef heifers on tropical pasture. Twenty-eight pregnant beef heifers with bodyweight and body condition score of 459.7 ± 6.8 kg and 5.8 ± 0.10 respectively, were used. The experiment was performed according to a completely randomised design, with the following four treatments: 0.0, 0.4, 0.8 and 1.2 kg/animal.day of protein supplement containing 25% crude protein. All animals received a mineral mixture ad libitum. The experiment lasted 210 days, divided into three experimental periods. The supplementation level increased the intake of all evaluated nutrients, digestibility of organic matter, neutral detergent fibre corrected for ash and protein, as well as higher average daily gain prepartum and bodyweight of calves at birth (P < 0.05). Protein supplement at the levels evaluated did not affect body condition score (P > 0.05). An interaction effect between treatment × days in relation to calving occurred for concentrations of serum urea nitrogen, total proteins, albumin and globulins (P < 0.05). Supplementation did not affect glucose, triglyceride, non-esterified fatty acids, β-hydroxybutyrate or progesterone (P > 0.05). In conclusion, supply of up to 1.2 kg/day of protein supplement for grazing beef heifers optimises forage intake and average daily gain before calving, and improves the indicators of the protein status.
Assessment of sexual health services at US colleges and universities, 2001 and 2014
Authors: Coor Alexandra , Esie Precious , Dittus Patricia J. , Koumans Emilia H. , Kang Joseph , Habel Melissa A.
Published: September 2018

Background
Approximately 19million students attend post-secondary institutions in the US. With rates of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) at unprecedented highs, the college and university setting can provide the opportunity to engage young adults in their sexual health and deliver recommended services. The purpose of this study was to compare the provision of sexual health services at US college and university health centres across studies conducted in 2001 and 2014. Methods: We compared data from nationally representative surveys administered by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2001, n=736 schools; 2014, n=482 schools), assessing the provision of services, including STI diagnosis and treatment, contraception, STI education, condom distribution and availability of health insurance. Results: Compared with 2001, statistically significant increases were observed in 2014, including in the provision of contraceptive services (56.1% vs 65.0%), HIV testing (81.5% vs 92.3%) and gonorrhoea testing (90.7% vs 95.8%). Significant decreases were found in the number of schools offering health plans (65.5% vs 49.4%) and specific modes of offering STI education, such as health fairs (82.3% vs 69.9%) and orientation presentations (46.5% vs 29.8%; all P<0.001). Conclusions: From 2001 to 2014, there have been some improvements in sexual health services at colleges and universities, but there are areas that require additional access to services. Schools may consider regular assessments of service provision in order to further promote sexual health services on college campuses.
Fashion language and translatology
Authors: Bojović Brankica
Published: September 2018

My study is based on art exhibitions, fashion shows, photo books, movies, magazines, advertisements, blogs, scientific papers and
interviews, and fashion vocabulary. Philology literally means love for the word. It is the love for the word that
unites philologists with translators, researchers, scientists, and fashion specialists.

The translatological analysis of this specialist language is a reduced selection of 200 idioms, illustrative examples from English,
Montenegrin or Serbian, and Italian. Also, habitual fashion collocations constitute a significant part of the translatological
analysis. I have completed my analysis with contemporary terminology of fashion clothing terms and words in English and their
equivalents in Italian, almost 150 of them, compiled in a small glossary. This small glossary will be of great help to fashion and
clothing industry professionals.

Through their level of engagement, public figures from the world of art, music, fashion and politics, as well-known officials,
actors or celebrities, have become the new trend-setters in all societies and also dictators of fashion, because they set the
trends and fashion standards which others follow.
Generating the Fukaya categories of Hamiltonian 𝐺-manifolds
Authors: Evans Jonathan , Lekili Yankı
Published: September 2018

Let

G
G

be a compact Lie group, and let

k
k

be a field of characteristic

p
≥
0

p \geq 0

such that

H
∗

(
G
)

H^*(G)

has no

p
p

-torsion if

p
>
0

p>0

. We show that a free Lagrangian orbit of a Hamiltonian

G
G

-action on a compact, monotone, symplectic manifold

X
X

split-generates an idempotent summand of the monotone Fukaya category

F

(
X
;
k
)

\mathcal {F}(X; k)

if and only if it represents a nonzero object of that summand (slightly more general results are also provided). Our result is based on an explicit understanding of the wrapped Fukaya category

W

(

T
∗

G
;
k
)

\mathcal {W}(T^*G; k)

through Koszul twisted complexes involving the zero-section and a cotangent fibre and on a functor
<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="upper D Superscript b Baseline script upper W left-parenthesis upper T Superscript asterisk Baseline upper G semicolon k right-parenthesis right-arrow upper D Superscript b Baseline script upper F left-parenthesis upper X Superscript minus Baseline times upper X semicolon k right-parenthesis">

D
b

W

(

T
∗

G
;
k
)
→

D
b

F

(

X

−

×
X
;
k
)

D^b \mathcal {W}(T^*G; k) \to D^b\mathcal {F}(X^{-} \times X; k)

canonically associated to the Hamiltonian

G
G

-action on

X
X

. We explore several examples which can be studied in a uniform manner, including toric Fano varieties and certain Grassmannians.
A constitutive active allele of the transcription factor Msn2 mimicking low PKA activity dictates metabolic remodeling in yeast
Authors: Pfanzagl Vera , Görner Wolfram , Radolf Martin , Parich Alexandra , Schuhmacher Rainer , Strauss Joseph , Reiter Wolfgang , Schüller Christoph
Published: September 2018

In yeast, protein kinase A (PKA) adjusts transcriptional profiles, metabolic rates, and cell growth in accord with carbon source availability. PKA affects gene expression mostly via the transcription factors Msn2 and Msn4, two key regulators of the environmental stress response. Here we analyze the role of the PKA-Msn2 signaling module using an Msn2 allele that harbors serine-to-alanine substitutions at six functionally important PKA motifs (Msn2A6) . Expression of Msn2A6 mimics low PKA activity, entails a transcription profile similar to that of respiring cells, and prevents formation of colonies on glucose-containing medium. Furthermore, Msn2A6 leads to high oxygen consumption and hence high respiratory activity. Substantially increased intracellular concentrations of several carbon metabolites, such as trehalose, point to a metabolic adjustment similar to diauxic shift. This partial metabolic switch is the likely cause for the slow-growth phenotype in the presence of glucose. Consistently, Msn2A6 expression does not interfere with growth on ethanol and tolerated is to a limited degree in deletion mutant strains with a gene expression signature corresponding to nonfermentative growth. We propose that the lethality observed in mutants with hampered PKA activity resides in metabolic reprogramming that is initiated by Msn2 hyperactivity.
The Contemporary Gothic
Authors: Aldana Reyes Xavier
Published: September 2018

The writings covered to by the umbrella term “Gothic” are so varied in style, thematic interests, and narrative effects that an overarching definition becomes problematic and even undesirable. The contemporary Gothic, drawing on an already fragmented and heterogenic artistic tradition, is less a genre than a vestigial type of writing that resuscitates older horrors and formulas and filters them through the echo chambers of a modern preoccupation with the social value of transgressive literature. In a century when the Gothic has once again exploded in popularity, and following a period of strong institutionalization of its study in the 1990s and 2000s, establishing some of its key modern manifestations and core concerns becomes a pressing issue. The Gothic may be fruitfully separated from horror, a genre premised on the emotional impact it seeks to have on readers, as a type of literature concerned with the legacy of the past on the present—and, more importantly, with the retrojecting of contemporary anxieties into times considered more barbaric. These have increasingly manifested in neo-Victorian fictions and in stories where settings are haunted by forgotten or repressed events but also by weird fiction, where encounters with beings and substances from unplumbed cosmic depths lead to a comparable temporal discombobulation. The intertextual mosaics of the contemporary Gothic also borrow from and recycle well-known myths and figures such as Dracula or Frankenstein’s monster in order to show their continued relevance or else to adapt their recognizable narratives to the early 21st century. Finally, the Gothic, as a type of literature that is quickly becoming defined by the cultural work it carries out and by its transnational reach, has found in monstrosity, especially in its mediation of alterity, of traumatic national pasts and of the viral nature of the digital age, a fertile ground for the proliferation of new nightmares.
Indiana Hernández, Rita
Authors: Feliciano-Arroyo Selma
Published: September 2018

Rita Indiana Hernández (b. June 11, 1977, Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic) is a Dominican writer, musician, and performer. In addition to her popularity as a singer-songwriter, she is widely regarded as one of the most important Dominican authors of her generation. Her literary career began in the 1990s with short works included in zines such as Vetas. By 2001, she had self-published three books: two collections of short stories—Rumiantes (1998) and Ciencia succión (2001)—and one novella, La estrategia de Chochueca (2000). A second novel, Papi, followed in 2005. About that time, she began experimenting with musical and visual projects as part of different performance groups, such as Casifull and Miti Miti. In 2009, she was the youngest Dominican author to be honored in the Santo Domingo Book Fair, where she was also booked as a musical performer. Her popularity as a musician grew even more after the 2010 release of the album El juidero, recorded with her band Rita Indiana y los Misterios. She subsequently published two more novels, Nombres y animales (2013) and La mucama de Omicunlé (2015). Scholarly interest in her writing and her music has centered on the way they give voice to contemporary subjectivities and put forth imaginaries of citizenship, social relationships, and belonging that depart from institutionalized discourses of identity. Rita Indiana has stated on various occasions that she sees her literary projects and her musical projects as intertwined endeavors. This is evident not just in the thematic unity between them but also in the aesthetic strategies she uses. In her work, she references mass media, Dominican popular cultural production, and global youth cultures to highlight the interplay between the local and the global in the postmodern Caribbean. Rita Indiana also explores issues pertaining to the intersections of race, gender, sexuality, class, and migratory status. Since approximately the middle of the 2000s, Rita Indiana’s work has been embraced increasingly by critics. She was also named one of the one hundred most influential Latino/a personalities by the Spanish newspaper El País.
Public Sphere(s), Publics, and Counterpublics
Authors: Pfister Damien Smith
Published: September 2018

Public spheres are sites of communicative interaction that feature citizens turning their attention to collective problems and democratically legitimate solutions. Closely associated with German critical theorist Jürgen Habermas, the idea of public spheres constituted by a range of publics and counterpublics animates a broad array of interdisciplinary scholarship relating to democracy and political theory, argumentation and deliberation, citizenship and civic engagement, media ecologies and the press, and institutions and power relations. Habermas originally theorized the emergence of the bourgeois public sphere as a counterpoint to the aristocratic regimes of early modern Europe, aiming to rescue select democratic practices from an otherwise flawed ideology. Critics of Habermas’s early formulation of the bourgeois public sphere have noted the presence of a multiplicity of public spheres, rather than a single public sphere, the problem of the public/private divide that is definitive of the public sphere, the role of bodies and emotions in addition to language and reason in the formation and operation of publics and counterpublics, the role of media technologies in sustaining and expanding critical publicity, and the difficulties in extracting knowledge claims from the power relations that constitute them. The idea of public spheres has remained resilient despite these criticisms, as any functioning democracy requires a space between the family, the market, and the state to thematize, problematize, and address the challenges of life in groups. Strong public spheres are characterized by hospitality to counterpublics, groups that distinguish themselves from the rational-critical debate of dominant publics through different dispositions, styles, and strategies for steering public attention. Scholarship on public spheres, publics, and counterpublics continues to proliferate, with new directions accounting for the increased prominence of visuality, ecology, digitality, and transnationality in deliberating bodies.