bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Blockchain Technology for Higher Education and Recruitment: A Systematic Literature Review
Authors:   University of Rhode Island, VAEZINEJAD Soode , CHEN Ying ,   University of Rhode Island, KOUHIZADEH Mahtab ,   University of Rhode Island, OZPOLAT Koray ,   University of Rhode Island
Published: May 2024

Blockchain is a recent technological innovation that has undergone significant growth with numerous business applications. One of the most promising applications of blockchain technology lies within the domains of higher education and recruitment. Despite its potential, academic literature on these topics remains limited. In this study, the researchers conducted a systematic literature review to unravel blockchain’s potential applications in higher education and recruitment. This paper identifies the current benefits and challenges of blockchain in these fields and delineates key steps in higher education and recruitment processes to determine blockchain practical applications. To analyze the potential benefits and challenges of blockchain for higher education and recruitment, we integrate the resource-based view (RBV) and transaction cost theory (TCT). The RBV is employed to underscore blockchain’s potential as a strategic resource that can provide competitive advantages in higher education, while the TCT is utilized to focus on its efficacy in reducing transaction costs related to recruitment. The study concludes by highlighting directions for future research, emphasizing the imperative for empirical investigations into real-world blockchain applications. It also encourages theoretical advancements to deepen our understanding of the impact of blockchain technology on higher education and recruitment
Linking GVC with Trade Dynamics between India and the United Kingdom: A Sector-Level Analysis
Authors:   Indian Institute of Foreign Trade, ARORA Kashika , JADHAV Kishor ,   Indian Institute of Foreign Trade
Published: May 2024

In the foreseeable future, the potential for deeper integration into the global value chain (GVC) between India and the UK lies within the establishment of a prospective free trade agreement (FTA). Such an agreement holds promise in facilitating market access, thereby fostering increased participation in the GVC for both countries. This study delves into nine specific sectors, carefully examining the factors that shape India's export flows to the UK within the framework of GVC. This research raises an important question: how will the trade dynamics evolve beyond tariff easing and trade liberalisation, emphasizing the development of robust value-added linkages between these sectors? The findings reveal the pivotal role of GVC participation in sectors like textiles, clothing, and base metals, increasing India's exports to the UK. Conversely, sectors like chemicals and pharmaceuticals thrive on factors such as intensive margin and research and development expenditure, augmenting export performance. These insights underscore the necessity for nuanced, sector-specific approaches in crafting trade policies and conducting FTA negotiations, unravelling the intricacies of trade dynamics between India and the UK, and laying the groundwork for mutually beneficial economic cooperation in the future.
An Assessment of Purchasing Power Parity in the Long-Run: Evidence from India and its four Major Trading Partners
Authors:   Guru Nanak Dev University College, KAUR Manjinder , KULAAR Navpreet ,   Guru Nanak Dev University
Published: May 2024

The present study focuses on evaluating the validity of the Relative Purchasing Power Parity (RPPP) theory for India and its four major trading partner nations namely the United States, China, the United Arab Emirates, and Saudi Arabia using monthly time series spanning January 2001 to March 2021. For the purpose of empirical analysis, standard Augmented Dickey Fuller (ADF) and Phillips-Perron (PP) unit root tests, as well as the Johansen-Juselius cointegration technique, have been applied. Firstly, the stationarity of the real exchange rate has been investigated using standard unit root tests. The findings indicate that each country’s real exchange rate is nonstationary signifying the absence of strong PPP. Thereafter, the weak form of PPP was tested in the second stage using the Johansen cointegration test. The findings of the cointegration test confirm the presence of a long-run relationship among bilateral exchange rates, domestic price levels, and foreign price levels for all countries undertaken except for the UAE. Since three economies from among the total four trading partners’ country-pair support the existence of PPP, it can be said that PPP holds for the Indian rupee exchange rate for the economies so considered. The study further signals that India’s trade with the UAE could lead to arbitrage opportunities.
India’s Banking Market Structure: Impact Assessment of Bank Consolidation
Authors:   Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, BISHNOI Ishu , MALLIK Narinder Singh ,   Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology
Published: May 2024

The present study aims to extend the existing literature on measuring competition by including recent bank consolidation in India. Unlike existing literature, the study goes in-depth to account for the asymmetric behavior of bank competition owing to ownership, size, scale, efficiency, and pre/post-global financial crisis. The study takes the unbalanced panel data of Indian banks from 1995-2021 and utilizes the nonstructural approaches- Lerner Index, PRH statistic, and Boone Indicators to measure the bank competition. The study finds the asymmetric level of competition across ownership, size, profitability, and inter-temporal- before and after the global financial crisis. It finds that the smallest banks experienced lower competition during 2006-2021, whereas the largest banks behaved competitively. Similarly, the lowprofit banks have noted a higher level of competition than the high-profit-making banks, indicating the role of structure in bank performance. The less efficient banks have reported higher competition. Using PRH statistics, it was found that the Indian banking industry experiences monopolistic competition. The findings hail that the private sector banks and more extensive holdings are exhibiting a higher level of competition compared to the public sector banks. For the Boone indicator, the study finds a modest level of competition in line with the World Bank's estimation.
Bibliometric Analysis of Emerging Bond Market Research: Performance Insights and Science Mapping
Authors:   Guru Nanak Dev University, SINGH Jaspal , SEHGAL Shivam ,   Guru Nanak Dev University
Published: May 2024

This bibliometric paper investigates the research landscape in emerging bond market literature, spanning 1993 to 2023, and encompasses a total of 325 research articles. Employing a multifaceted approach, it begins by examining publication trends, core journals, prominent authors, influential articles, and keyword dynamics, providing a comprehensive overview of research dynamics in this domain. Beyond performance analysis, the study ventures into science mapping using co-word analysis to uncover the underlying conceptual structure of the emerging bond market field. The bibliographic data has been drawn from Scopus and analyzed using the Bibliometrix R package, providing insights into the current dimensions of emerging bond market studies. This analysis facilitated the identification of five major keyword clusters, i.e., sovereign bonds, the impact of financial crises, yield curve, corporate bonds, and Islamic bonds in the emerging bond market space. Based on these themes, the study also suggests avenues for future scholarly exploration in this specialized field.
Comparison of 2% lidocaine infiltration and eutectic mixture of local anesthetics cream application before spinal needle insertion for pain reduction and assessment of maternal satisfaction levels in women undergoing cesarean section at a tertiary care setup in Pakistan: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Hameed Malika , Khan Sobia
Published: May 2024

Background: This study aimed to compare two analgesic pretreatment techniques for assessing pain reduction before spinal needle insertion and the subsequent patient satisfaction levels in pregnant female patients undergoing cesarean sections.Methods: Sixty pregnant female patients scheduled for elective cesarean section under spinal anesthesia were randomly assigned to two groups. The Lidocaine group received local skin infiltration with 2% lidocaine pretreatment before spinal needle introducer insertion, whereas the eutectic mixture of local anesthetics (EMLA) group received EMLA (lidocaine 2.5% and prilocaine 2.5%) cream pretreatment for at least 30 min before spinal needle introducer insertion. Subjective and objective pain scores, procedure duration, number of attempts, maternal satisfaction, and decisions regarding future numbing procedures and regional anesthesia were assessed.Results: The demographic characteristics of the patients were similar between groups. The mean visual analogue scale pain score was significantly lower in the EMLA group compared to the lidocaine group (P < 0.05). Additionally, the objective pain score was significantly lower in the EMLA group (P < 0.05). The duration of spinal block placement was significantly longer in the lidocaine group than in the EMLA group (P < 0.05). The number of attempts to perform the spinal block placement was similar in both groups. However, women in the EMLA group expressed greater overall satisfaction than those in the lidocaine group (76.7% vs. 20.0%, P < 0.05).Conclusions: Analgesic pretreatment with EMLA cream is superior to local skin infiltration with lidocaine in pregnant patients undergoing elective cesarean section under spinal anesthesia.
Effect of soil nutrient management on soil weed seed bank dynamics across a soil fertility gradient in smallholder farms, Eastern Zimbabwe
Authors: Chipomho Justin , Parwada Cosmas , Mapope Nyamande , Simango Kenedy
Published: May 2024

Weed seed banks are latent biotic stress contributors to low crop production among smallholder farms. The objective of this study was to investigate effect of repeated soil nutrient amendments on weed seed bank dynamics in eastern Zimbabwe. Soil samples were taken from three farms with low, medium and high soil organic carbon (SOC) along the catena. Sampled treatments included varying combinations of compound D (7%N, 14%P, 7% K) fertiliser, cattle manure and lime. Weeds that emerged per plot were counted by species and data was tested for normality before running a linear mixed-effects model and Restricted Maximum Likelihood. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was performed to establish the relationship between seasons, SOC, soil nutrient amendment, and emerged weeds. Significant (p < .05) species richness (Margalef index), and Shannon Weiner index were recorded in the medium (6.4g kg-1soil), high (8 g kg-1 soil) and low (< 3.9 g kg-1soil) SOC. Weed species emergence was significantly (p < .05) influenced by the level of SOC along the catena positions, representing results from the source. Emergency and abundance of weeds such as Richardia scabra, was associated with low SOC acidic sandy soils from the upper catena. However, application of nutrients (NPK+lime treatment) reduced weed species counts from 1.96±0.12 to 1.4±0.12. Cattle manure and NPK+CM treatments recorded significantly higher weed emergence, and weed biomass; compared to the control. Clearly, cattle manure treatments significantly increase the soil weed seed bank; thus, weeding intensity is likely to increase in cattle manure treated fields.
Teacher Autonomy and Professionalism as Predictors of Curriculum Adaptation Patterns
Authors: Çelik Özge Ceren , Şahin Melek Gülşah
Published: May 2024

This study aimed to investigate teacher autonomy and occupational professionalism as predictors of teachers’ curriculum adaptation patterns. The study group of the present correlational study was composed of 153 teachers. For data analysis, t-test, ANOVA, correlation analysis, and regression analysis were performed. Results showed that the models established for predicting teachers’ use of adaptation patterns by teacher autonomy and occupational professionalism were found to be significant, except for omitting. The highest variance was obtained in the model for predicting the frequency of extensions. In this model, teachers’ autonomy and occupational professionalism significantly explained teachers’ use of the extending pattern, and occupational professionalism was a significant predictor. It can be suggested that autonomy and professionalism should be considered as teacher characteristics that are indispensable components of curriculum adaptation patterns and that the number of similar studies exploring the interaction and relationships between teachers and curriculum should be increased.
Moral Disengagement in Counseling Psychologists in Situations of Professional Interaction with Clients
Authors:   Independent researcher, Zakharova Yuliya
Published: May 2024

The focus of this research is moral disengagement as an internal mechanism of unethical behavior. In this work, it was studied in the context of the psychological counseling of Russian psychologists, in particular, in situations of professional interaction that can bring a potential threat to professional and personal identity. Moral disengagement serves to protect one’s self-concept and cope with unpleasant emotions. The study sample consisted of 200 people. Online survey and in-depth semi-structured interview methods were used to collect data. Results indicated a significant relationship between moral disengagement and empathy, conscientiousness, agreeableness, and psychological mindedness. Cluster analysis allowed to identify four profiles of respondents with different combinations of moral disengagement and personality factors. Thematic analysis of in-depth interviews with respondents from the selected groups made it possible to describe in detail of moral disengagement in situations of professional interaction among psychologists from the selected groups. Namely, factors accompanying high rates of moral disengagement were identified: lack of emphasis on the benefits of counseling for the client, self-accusation of the psychologist, the psychologist’s experience of professional failure, stigmatization of the client by the psychologist, confrontation with the client perceived by the psychologist, strong emotions of guilt, resentment and anger, difficulties with management of emotional states, self-defense motive, behavior associated with the risks of exploitation and harm to clients. This study not only deepens the understanding of the phenomenology of moral disengagement, but can also help reduce the risks of exploitation and harm to clients by increasing the awareness of psychologists regarding the operation of moral disengagement in situations of professional interaction.
Development and Initial Testing of the “Personality Potential” Questionnaire for Athletes
Authors:   Federal Autonomous Institution of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation “Central Sports Club of the Army”, Moscow, Russian Federation, Kharitonova Anna , Klimova Elena ,   Federal State Public Military Educational Institution of Higher Education “Prince Alexander Nevsky Military University” of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: May 2024

The study focuses on the development and primary validation of the Personality Potential Questionnaire for Athletes. The study involved 429 members of Russian national teams in various sports aged 17 to 40 years. Psychodiagnostic instruments: questionnaire "Personality Potential" (author's questionnaire), "Self-Actualization Test", "Subjective Control Level", "Hardiness Survey", “Purpose-in-Life Test”, “Test of General Self-Efficacy”, questionnaire "Facilitator — Mediator — Moderator”, method "Express-diagnostics of the tendency to affective behavior". The results showed that the scales of the "Personality Potential" questionnaire have asymmetry and kurtosis values less than unity, which shows normality of the distribution at an acceptable level. The exploratory factor analysis was carried out by a method of factorization of the main axis (PAF), oblique rotation Oblimin; 5 factors were allocated: involvement, meaningfulness, internalizing, independence, positivity. The final model of the author's questionnaire was confirmed by confirmatory factor analysis, priority was given to the higher order model, CFI = .900, SRMR = .047 and RMSEA = .032 fit indices. Retest reliability was assessed using correlation analysis (by Spearman): on the general personality scale p = .850, inclusion p= 0.867, meaningfulness p = .603, internalizing p = 690, positivity p = .728, independence p = .554, significance level of all indicators p < .001. Discriminant validity showed that the scales of the developed questionnaire were not related to other techniques that were not part of the personality construct. Factor validity was obtained by Principal components method using Oblimin's oblique rotation: the scale load of the “Meaningfulness” scale was .809; “Inclusion” scale .592; “Independence” scale .756; “Internality” scale .574; “Positivity” scale .610. The data were statistically processed using SPSS Statistics 23, Jamovi 2.2.5 and RStudio. The developed questionnaire “Personality Potential” is a reliable psychodiagnostic tool and can be recommended for testing the components of personality potential.
Analytic Hierarchy Process to Choose the Best Sector in the Software Industry for a New Software Engineer
Authors:   Department of Mathematics, Kakatiya University, Warangal, Telangana, India, Devi M Tirumala , Afreen Sameena , Majeed Abdul , Reddy G Mahender , Prasad V Shyam
Published: May 2024

Objectives: To determine the best area in the software industry for a fresh engineering graduate in India. Methods: Examined the current situation of the software industry today and the datasets that were gathered and included in accordance with that. Here, five alternatives (Research and Development, Mobile solutions, Cloud computing, Big data analytics, and Government and Defence) and seven parameters (Communication, Teamwork, Coding and technical literacy, Programming languages, Problem-solving skills, Research skills, and Multitasking skills) are taken into consideration. Fuzzy AHP and fuzzy TOPSIS methods were used, and the outcomes were compared to the AHP method. Findings: Fuzzy AHP and fuzzy TOPSIS methods have been used to produce the normalized weight vector for each alternative relative to the criterion. Additionally, a normalized weight vector has been calculated and compared to every criterion and criteria alternative. Final rankings for each alternative have been determined in relation to all of these. Novelty: The novelty of the present study is to identify the best sector of the software industry in India for a recent engineering graduate based on providing a ranking of alternatives using fuzzy TOPSIS and fuzzy AHP methodologies. While other strategies may be used to do similar works, the techniques listed above may not be used. Fuzzy AHP and fuzzy TOPSIS approaches can provide more optimal solutions, which is an innovative aspect of this study. Keywords: Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP), Comparative analysis, Fuzzy AHP method, Fuzzy TOPSIS method, Software industry
Discovering Untapped Potential in Finance Markets Using NLP-Driven Sentiment Analysis
Authors:   Department of Electronics and Communication, Jain College of Engineering, Karnataka, India, Shahapur Salma S , Koralli Anil , Chippalakatti Geeta , Balikai Megha Mahadev , Mudalagi Daneshwari , Dias Ryan , Devali Sahana , Wajantari Komal
Published: May 2024

Objectives: The main objective in Sentiment Analysis, and financial data is to decode sentiments through the use of Natural Language Processing (NLP) and Machine Learning (ML). This provides insights into market trends that are essential for risk management and well-informed financial decisions. By removing emotion from financial writing, gives stakeholders practical advice for wise investments in dynamic markets. The main objective is to increase the accuracy of Multinomial Naïve Bayes (Multinomial NB). In this work, we used purely ML models to get the accuracy more than the previous works, which got 74%, and in this work, we can see the accuracy increased to approximately 82%. Methods: This specific Research Work employs Machine Learning approaches to extract sentiment polarity (positive, negative, and neutral) from financial text data. The used ML models are- Multinomial Naïve Bayes (Multinomial NB), Logistic Regression (LR), KNeighbors, Decision Tree, and Random Forest algorithms are used for Sentiment Analysis. Findings: Studies conducted in the financial sector have shown that sentiment and informational substance in stock news have a big impact on market factors such as trading volume, volatility, stock prices, and corporate earnings. This study involves approximately 6000 newspaper articles to extract the polarity from financial text data. The incorporation of Multinomial NB of Natural Language Processing techniques results in a marginal improvement in the sentiment classification model performance among all the models used, where the previous works got the lowest accuracy of 74%. Novelty: This research introduces advanced ML models for extracting financial sentiment from text, including Random Forest, LR, KNeighbors, Decision Tree, and Multinomial NB previously unexplored in similar studies. Notably, the Multinomial NB model accuracy rose significantly from 65% to 82%. The study also presents sentiment segregation (positive, negative, neutral) visualized in a donut chart. Keywords: Sentiment Analysis, Machine Learning, Natural Language Processing, Financial data, Stock market prediction
Enhanced Whale Optimization Algorithm for Multi-Objective Node Disjoint Routing
Authors:   Research Scholar, Department of Computer Science, Christhuraj College, Affiliated to Bharathidasan University, Trichy, Tamil Nadu, India, Hussain S Jahir , Sugumar Ramalingam
Published: May 2024

Objectives: The research goal is to identify node-disjoint pathways maximizing path lifetime, delivery ratio, etc. while establishing several node-disjoint paths to optimize routing and enhance interference reduction and PDR efficiency. Methods: In the MANET, the Enhanced Whale Optimization Algorithm (EWOA) is utilized to discover the most secure routing path. The dataset used in this research comprises simulated scenarios representing various network conditions and configurations, allowing for a comprehensive evaluation of the proposed work. The software employed for simulation and analysis includes an NS-3 network simulation tool, allowing the model to evaluate the performance of the proposed routing protocol in diverse MANET scenarios. The parameters considered during the evaluation include throughput, end-to-end delay, packet delivery ratio (PDR), and routing overhead. The modifications involve enhancing the routing algorithm to prioritize node-disjoint pathways, thus improving interference reduction, energy efficiency, and overall network performance. Findings: The EWOA for Multi-Objective Node Disjoint Routing demonstrates superior performance compared to existing routing protocols such as SRABC and OLSR across various key metrics. Specifically, in terms of end-to-end delay, EWOA consistently outperforms SRABC and OLSR by reducing delay by 1.3% and 4.7%, respectively. Additionally, EWOA achieves a higher packet delivery ratio, surpassing SRABC and OLSR by 4.3% and 0.4%, respectively. Moreover, EWOA exhibits higher throughput, with a throughput increase of 11.3% compared to SRABC and 6.2% compared to OLSR. Furthermore, EWOA demonstrates lower routing overhead, reducing overhead by 9.6% compared to SRABC and 3.1% compared to OLSR. These findings highlight the efficacy of EWOA in optimizing multi-objective routing in MANETs, offering improved network performance and efficiency compared to existing protocols. Novelty: The Multi-Objective Node Disjoint Routing Protocol with Enhanced Whale Optimization is utilized in MANET to choose the best route, reducing latency resulting from link failure and distributing traffic loads across multiple paths. Keywords: Optimization, Whale Optimization Algorithm (WOA), Optimized Link State Routing (OLSR), Secure Routing Algorithm Blockchain Technology (SRABC)), MANET
The Effect of Comprehension on Omissions in English-Arabic Simultaneous Interpreting
Authors: Hanna Sara S. , Hasan Maher S.
Published: May 2024

This study aims to investigate the relationship between comprehension, based on the problem triggers as an indicator, and accuracy, based on the criterion of omission during English-Arabic simultaneous interpreting. In these cases, the less comprehension, the more omissions in the interpretation, the lower the accuracy. The performances of 5 MA students at the Department of Translation, College of Arts, University of Mosul, are transcribed and analyzed using the hybrid model of Larson’s (1984) “Translation Quality Assessment” and Gile’s (2009) “Effort” Models. Having analyzed the accuracy of the interpretations, a significant number of omissions were noticed due to inappropriate allocation of the processing capacity for comprehension. The study concludes that comprehension is the essential processing capacity effort and a vital determinant of the accuracy of the interpretation. The different levels of exercising the comprehension processing capacity measured by the SL problem triggers lead to different accuracy levels starting with high accuracy and ending with inaccuracy.
Unlocking Writing Potential: Assessing the Impact of Grammarly on Jordanian EFL Students' Writing Proficiency
Authors: Rababah Luqman M , Talafha Duaa K
Published: May 2024

This quantitative research examines Grammarly's impact on 60 Jordanian EFL students' writing. 60 students are enough to derive statistically significant conclusions about Grammarly's effects on writing. An experimental group of 30 students uses Grammarly while writing, whereas a control group of 30 students does not. Both groups write the identical assignments and are assessed using specified criteria. A pre-test compares both groups' grammatical correctness, vocabulary, and writing quality. After the pre-test, the experimental group uses Grammarly, while the control group does not. Students' writing skills are retested following the intervention. Grammarly's impact on EFL Jordanian students' writing is quantified by analyzing pre- and post-test results. T-tests or ANOVA are used to compare experimental and control group mean scores. Grammar, vocabulary, and writing quality are compared between the two groups. This study adds to the quantitative research on EFL online grammar correction tools. Grammarly's effects on EFL Jordanian students' writing abilities would assist educators and practitioners to decide whether to use such technologies in language training.
An Analysis of the Engagement System of Vietnamese Research Articles in the Light of the Appraisal Framework
Authors: Nguyen Hong B. , Nguyen Phuong T. L.
Published: May 2024

Evaluation is widely accepted by many scientists as one of the most basic and important functions of language worth studying deeply. As a result, evaluative language has drawn a lot of interests worldwide. Yet, the Vietnamese language community appears to be rather unfamiliar with this term.  In order to shed further light on the use of evaluative language in Vietnam, this article examines how evaluative language is exploited by Vietnamese linguists in a corpus of 35 Vietnamese empirical research articles in the light of the Appraisal framework by Martin and White (2005). More specifically, the study analyses the frequency of categories of the Engagement system in the Appraisal framework and studies in-depth realizations of the Contract sub-system. Results show that Contract resources are more frequently employed than Expand. Writers tend to contract their dialogues more in the Conclusion section of the articles. It is hoped that the research results will be a useful reference for article writers and they can contribute to the literature materials for the fields of evaluative language and academic writing pedagogy in Vietnam.
NATO'S ROLE IN SETTLEMENT OF INTERNATIONAL CONFLICTS
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, Perepelytsia H. , Brytov D. ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: May 2024

The article analyzes the role of the NATO in resolving international conflicts, as well as offers proposals for developing a model of cooperation between Ukraine and NATO against the background of Russian aggression.
THE MECHANISM OF EUROPEAN POLITICAL COOPERATION IN THE HISTORY OF THE FOREIGN AND SECURITY POLICY OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITY (60s – 80s OF THE TWENTIETH CENTURY)
Authors:   West Ukrainian National University, Ternopil, Ukraine, Hrubinko Andrii
Published: May 2024

The article reflects the results of the study of the history of the formation of foreign and security policy of the European Community at the stage of functioning of the European Political Cooperation (EPC) mechanism. The prerequisites for the formation of the foreign policy mechanism of interaction between the EEC member states are shown. The formation of political conditions and institutional and functional dimensions of the EPC is analyzed. The main international problems that had to be solved by the participants of European integration through the EPC mechanism are highlighted. The author takes into account the specifics of this segment of cooperation of the European Community States, which for a long time did not have an official status and was in fact experimental. The author points out the defining contradictions and controversial issues of the development of the foreign policy segment of the European Community in the context of the maturation of transformations in the system of international relations and world security in the second half of the 1980s. The study concludes that the establishment of the EPC format meant only the beginning of a complex process of formation of a full-fledged subjectivity of the European Community in the international arena. The period from 1970 (formal creation of the EPC mechanism) to 1986 (adoption of the Single European Act) can be interpreted as the initial period in the history of the formation of the European Community’s foreign and security policies. In general, the usual weakness of the mechanism for coordinating the foreign policy of the EEC states was manifested due to the diversity of their international interests and, most importantly, the lack of effective means of implementing common positions. However, this does not diminish the historical significance of this period. After all, at that time the Community formed the principles and basic approaches to its political organization and activities in the international arena. Also, its leadership learned to respond as quickly as possible to the challenges of world politics and form its policy in different regions of the world, diplomatic representation, and international image. The result of these changes provided invaluable experience for the establishment of the Common Foreign and Security Policy of the European Union. The inclusion of foreign and security policy in the regulatory framework of the EEC in the Single European Act of 1986 meant only the beginning of a complex process of forming a full-fledged subjectivity of the European Community in the international arena.
NATO ANTAGONIST: NUCLEAR ALLIANCE IN 2024
Authors:   Petro Mohyla Black Sea National University, Mykolaiv, Ukraine, Skrypnyk V. V. , Skrypnyk M. V. ,   Odessa I. I. Mechnikov National University, Odesa, UA
Published: May 2024

The purpose of this study is to analyze the military capabilities of the bloc of Russian-oriented countries and the level of their influence on Russia's support for the war against Ukraine in 2024. In order to effectively identify the links and signs of military cooperation between the countries of this bloc, such research methods as the structural-functional method, comparative analysis, and content analysis are used. The theoretical basis of this work is the theory of structural realism by Kenneth Waltz. Actors of the international geopolitical arena, who have fallen under the tendency of concentration around Russia as opposed to the NATO bloc, interact not only with the totalitarian flagship of this bloc, but also with each other, which is a very alarming sign of consolidation and poses a threat to the entire democratically oriented world. The dynamics of the development of this grouping, which includes both the nuclear countries Iran, North Korea and China, as well as non-nuclear, but quite important European countries that have an influence on the decisions regarding military assistance to Ukraine in the war against the occupation forces of Russia, such as Hungary, Serbia and Slovakia.
NON-FINANCIAL CORPORATIONS IN US ECONOMY: PERFORMANCE COMPOSITION
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, Tsyganov S. A. , Sinitsyn O. O. ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: May 2024

he capital structure of nonfinancial corporations is an important determinant of their overall financial performance. In recent years, the capital structure of US nonfinancial corporations has evolved significantly, due to a number of factors, including globalization, technological change, and regulatory changes. This paper examines capital structure of US nonfinancial corporations over the last decade. Visualizing US net savings dynamics helps to explain identified alerting trends in net savings structure. Global change in trends is highlighted. It also finds that the negative net worth of the US non-financial companies sector is a concerning trend, and that it is important to address the factors that have contributed to this trend in order to strengthen the non-financial companies sector and protect the long-term health of the economy. The paper also identifies a number of general and specific trends that have influenced the formation of multinational corporation (MNC) capital structures over the last decade. It argues that the capital structure of an MNC can have a significant impact on its financial performance, and that the optimal capital structure for an MNC will vary depending on the specific circumstances of the company. However, in general, MNCs should strive to maintain a capital structure that is both financially sound and sustainable.
System proteinase/inhibitors in the pathogenesis of experimental kidney tuberculosis
Authors: Esmedlyaeva Dilyara S. , Alekseeva Nina P. , Blum Natalya M. , .Dyakova Marina E. , Vinogradova Tatiana I.
Published: May 2024

BACKGROUND: Damage to the kidney parenchyma of various origins is associated with the accumulation of extracellular matrix proteins, the regulation of which involves the matrix metalloproteinase/inhibitor system.
AIM: To evaluate the pathogenetic role of the proteinase/blood inhibitor system in experimental renal tuberculosis.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: When modeling the process, a clinical strain 5582 of the Beijing genotype with multidrug resistance of mycobacteria was used. The study was conducted on 20 rabbits, divided into three groups: the first (n=6) included infected untreated animals; in the second (n=7) and third (n=7) anti-tuberculosis therapy was administered orally for 18.5 weeks; in the third, treatment was carried out in combination with a single injection of autologous mesenchymal stem cells into the ear vein. Blood levels of matrix metalloproteinases-1 and -9, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-1, cystatin C and neutrophil elastase were determined. Morphological changes in the kidney parenchyma at the end of the experiment were assessed using 26 indicators, including tubulointerstitial and vascular changes. The median and interquartile ranges were calculated, the Kruskal–Wallis test, analysis of covariance, and the projective classification method were used.
RESULTS: The progression of kidney tuberculosis was accompanied by a significant increase in the level of neutrophil elastase by 1.9 times, matrix metalloproteinase-9 by 2.2 times, and cystatin C by 1.5 times compared to the initial level. The treatment carried out in the second and third groups contributed to the normalization of these indicators. The concentrations of matrix metalloproteinase-1 and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 in all three groups did not change relative to the baseline level. Covariance analysis showed that in the pathogenesis of renal tuberculosis changes in matrix metalloproteinase-1 (p=0.003), matrix metalloproteinase-9 (p=0.002), tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-1 (p=0.01) and cystatin C (p=0.0001) were primarily associated with vascular changes, found in all study groups. A linear combination containing three morphological characteristics allowed us to identify differences between the three groups with 90% accuracy.
CONCLUSION: Renal tuberculosis, caused by a multidrug-resistant pathogen, is characterized by an imbalance in the proteinase/inhibitor system and impaired renal function, the degree of which is associated with the morphological characteristics of vascular and tubulointerstitial changes.
“A brilliant teacher and popularizer”: Professor Pavel Nikolaevich Kashkin (1902–1991)
Authors: Narkevich Igor A. , Vorobeva Svetlana A. , Perelygin Vladimir V. , Pleshakov Ivan N. , Сhernych Tatiana F.
Published: May 2024

The essay, based on archival materials, reveals the key milestones in the biography, scientific, pedagogical, and public activities of the outstanding scientist, professor, Doctor of Medical Sciences, and candidate of Biological Sciences, P. N. Kashkin, who headed the Department of Microbiology at the Leningrad Chemical-Pharmaceutical Institute. He was not only the founder but also one of the initiators of the reorganization of the Chemical-Pharmaceutical Faculty of the 1st Leningrad Medical Institute in the period 1936–1937, and the establishment of the Leningrad Chemical-Pharmaceutical Institute as an independent higher education institution. P. N. Kashkin was the author of numerous discoveries and a mentor who nurtured and inspired a whole generation of scientists. He initiated and organized the world’s first engineering-microbiological faculty at the Leningrad Chemical-Pharmaceutical Institute, where he served as dean. His main task was to train highly qualified specialists for the emerging antibiotics industry, including antifungal drugs. P. N. Kashkin was a pioneer in the epidemiology of mycoses in our country. Professor P. N. Kashkin’s name became known among mycologists thanks to his work on organizing the fight against fungal skin diseases. The name of the founder of domestic microbiology, P. N. Kashkin, has been given to the St. Petersburg Institute of Medical Mycology, and in 2005, a monument to this remarkable scientist was erected on the institute’s premises.
Semavi Dinlerde Kadın (Karşılaştırmalı Bir İnceleme)
Authors: Eşmeli İsmet , Ümütli Mehmet
Published: May 2024

Din, insanlık tarihiyle birlikte var olan ve insan hayatının bireysel olsun sosyal olsun tüm alanlarını kapsayan bir olgudur. Giyim, yeme-içme, ticaret, aile, insan, erkek-kadın-çocuk algı ve alışkanlıkları gibi hususlar kişinin ve toplumun benimsediği dinin belirleyici ve şekillendirici olduğu alanlardır. Bu bağlamda bu çalışmada dinlerde kadın algısını kutsal metinlerde yer alan öğretileri farklı açıklardan değerlendirerek bireysel ve toplumsal hayattaki yansımalarını tarihsel süreç ve ilgili alan bağlamında inceledik. Semavi dinler olarak kabul Yahudilik, Hıristiyanlık ve İslam’ın kadın ile ilgili öğretisini öncelikle her dini kendi içerisinde değerlendirdik. Öncelikle bu dinlerin kadın olgusu ve kadının ontolojik konumuna dair öğretilerinin mahiyeti ortaya konulmuştur. Daha sonra bu üç dinin kadın olgusu ve kadının konumu hakkındaki kabulleri ontolojik konumu, din, aile, eğitim, siyasî-sosyal hayat ve modern dönemdeki durumları açısından incelenmiştir. Yahudilik ve Hıristiyanlığın kutsal metinlerinde kadın ile ilgili birebirinden farklı bilgiler mevcut olmakla birlikte kadının olumsuz bir imaja sahip olduğu kabulü bu iki dinî geleneğin karakteristik özelliği haline gelmiştir. İslam’da ise, Yahudilik ve Hıristiyanlıkta kadına dair olan olumsuz algılar düzeltilmiş olup kadın, erkek gibi bir birey olarak kabul edilmiştir. İslam’da erkeğe tanınan hakların kadına da tanındığı açıktır. Yaşam hakkı başta olmak üzere, mülk edinme ve tasarruf hakkı, kişilik ve haysiyetin korunması, inanç, düşünce ve ifade hürriyeti, eğitim ve evlenme hakkı gibi temel haklar bakımından kadınla erkek arasında hiçbir fark bulunmamaktadır. İslam dininin bu konudaki tutumu, cinsiyete dayanan bir yaklaşım olmayıp insan odaklı bir yaklaşımdır. Bu anlamda İslam dini kadının, toplumdaki yerine ve saygınlığına dikkat çekmiştir. Kadın hakları ve hürriyet alanları hususunda tespit ve uyarılarda bulunmuştur.
Teacher, Be Gentle with Yourself
Authors:   , Rattigan Michele D , Dower Anne Marie
Published: May 2024

Creating and maintaining a culture of compassionate-focused healthcare stems from nurturing providers' self-compassion set forth by their self-compassionate clinical instructors. In higher education, instructor self-compassion is not a priority. Intentional self-kindness, interconnected with the universality of human suffering, is the wellspring for compassionate care and makes it possible. Educator self-compassion should then be an essential component of teachers' instructional methods and adult learner-centered frameworks -- known as pedagogy and andragogy, respectively -- to prepare future nurses and healthcare professionals for field entry, and advanced and specialized direct-care roles. Therefore, this doctoral research employed an experimental design with intervention and control group to better understand clinical educator self-compassion. Data from three distributions of the 26-item Self-Compassion Scale across two independent groups were analyzed using the Mann Whitney U test. It was hypothesized that the workshop-as-intervention participants would demonstrate increased self-compassion levels seven-days after the workshop and sustain these levels when retested 30-days post-baseline testing. It was also hypothesized the experimental group's post-intervention levels would be significantly higher than non-intervention workshop subjects. While the experimental group did maintain levels between days seven and 30, the other hypotheses were not supported by statistical testing. The most meaningful finding was that the workshop-as-intervention group demonstrated statistically significant and moderately lower measurements in over-identification 30 days after their initial pre-workshop tests, the most common negative component rated by both groups in baseline testing. In the future this study will be replicated for further use and wider impact.
The concept of identity: movement from the abstract to the concrete
Authors: Gaman-Golutvina O.V.
Published: May 2024

The subject of the article is an overview of identitarian research results in Russia reflected in the cycle of the 2010-2023 fundamental scientific publications. The main result is the formation of an original Russian scientific school of identity studies and the establishment of this scientific area as an autonomous subdiscipline of political science. Two substantive dimensions of identitarian studies are identified - analytical-conceptual and substantive-political. Within the framework of the first one, the author analysesthe key theoretical parameters of identity studies, including the substantive evolution of the identity concept, theoretical and methodological context and semantic explications of identity studies. A number of identity theoretical articulations are considered: identity modus operandi (positive, negative), identity crises, development, complex society, political space and political time, social justice, social solidarity, civilisational and geopolitical identity, memory and culture wars, cancellation culture, cultural security and cultural sovereignty, and others. An overview of prospective identity studies is presented, including the synthesis of micro- and macro-level identity analyses; the development of the middle-level theories as the way to bridge the gap between empirical analysis and “big theory” in understanding the changes taking place in different regions of the world, taking into account the historical past, political culture, emotional structure and worldview; the relationship between macro-political identities and ideologies; the correlation between civic and ethnic identities; and the relationship between identity and ideology. The political significance of identity research reflects the need to reorient the contemporary way of thinking as predominantly consumerist to the responsible development imperatives, which is supported by a positive identity.
Impact of Brand Image, Brand Awareness, and Social Media Marketing on Purchase Decisions: Mediating Roles of Purchase Interest, Service Quality, and Experiential Marketing
Authors: Suardana Ida Ayu Radinia Asri , Mahyuni Luh Putu , Lestari Ni Putu Nina Eka , Suardana Ida Bagus Raka
Published: May 2024

This research examined how brand image, brand awareness, and social media marketing influence consumers’ purchase decisions, including factors like purchase interest, service quality, and experiential marketing as mediating variables, offering valuable knowledge for marketers to enhance their understanding of consumers’ behavior. The population was Somethinc’s Instagram followers, totaling 156 samples. This study revealed that brand image did not significantly impact purchase decisions, in contrast to brand awareness, which significantly impacted purchase decisions. Purchase interest and service quality also had no significant impact on purchase decisions. Social media marketing had no significant impact on purchase decisions, but it significantly impacted experiential marketing, emphasizing its role in improving consumers’ experiences. Conversely, experiential marketing notably impacted purchase decisions, effectively mediating the impact of social media marketing on purchase decisions. This study also unveiled that purchase interest did not mediate the impact of brand image on purchase decisions, and service quality did not mediate the impact of brand awareness on purchase decisions. The findings provide valuable insights to craft more effective strategies within the modern marketing landscape, such as marketers leveraging this understanding to design approaches that prioritize creating engaging experiences for consumers.
Does Innovative Work Behavior Matter for Performance? Green Talent Management and Green Servant Leadership in the Healthcare Industry
Authors: Rahmayanti Rima , Muafi Muafi - , Johan Ahmad
Published: May 2024

This study aims to analyze the influence of green talent management and green servant leadership on employee performance while also considering the mediating role of innovative work behavior and the moderating role of green servant leadership in the relationship between green talent management and innovative work behavior. It was carried out in the context of employees in the health industry in Bandung. This study utilized a quantitative approach with a causal explanation to test the hypotheses. The respondents were employees who worked in private hospitals in Bandung, with 190 sample sizes selected using purposive sampling. The data were collected and processed using structural equation modeling with the help of Smart PLS software. The results revealed that green talent management and green servant leadership influenced employees’ innovative work behavior, leading to job performance. Moreover, green servant leadership could also strengthen the influence of green talent management on innovative work behavior. This study contributes to the understanding of the concept of environmentally-friendly business through innovative work behavior so it can improve work performance by adopting green practices, thereby reducing the damage caused by the organization. Furthermore, organizations must also consider that environmentally-friendly business practices are a concern and that a strong sensitivity must be instilled.