bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pharmacognostical and analytical study of Kushmanda ghrita, a polyherbal formulation, for pharmaceutical standardization
Authors: Sengupta Sabari , Thakar Anup , Harisha C.R. , Shukla V.J.
Published: December 2019

Kushmanda Ghrita is a unique polyherbal Ayurvedic formulation recommended in the management of various psychological disorders mentioned in Astanga Hridaya and also in Bhaishajya Ratnavali and the formula given is the same, selected for present study. Aim of the study was to develop the pharmacognostical and physico-chemical profile of Kushmanda Ghrita. Kushmanda Ghrita was prepared as per classical methods in the Ayurvedic Pharmacy, I.P.G.T.andR.A., Gujarat Ayurved University, Jamnagar and analytical findings were systematically recorded. The samples were subjected to organoleptic, pharmacognostical analysis and physico-chemical analysis. Pharmacognostical study containing both macroscopic and powder microscopy of raw drugs of Kushmanda Ghrita and Physicochemical analysis of the finished product were carried out, to evaluate the quality of the formulation. Specific gravity of the formulation was 0.9205w/w, loss on drying at 1100 c temperature was 1.24%w/w, refractive index at 400 c was 1.473, HPTLC was carried out after organizing appropriate solvent system in which maximum 11 spots at 256 nm and 4 spots at 356 nm were distinguished. Results are further used for any other research works.
GC-MS analysis, antioxidant, antibacterial and anticancer activities of methanol bark extract of Albizia lebbeck (L.)
Authors: Sivaraj C , Saraswathi K , Arumugam P , Baskar R , Manimaran A
Published: December 2019

Albizia lebbeck is a deciduous tree with compound leaves, flat oblong fruits, round cream seeds are colored and wild growth. Albizia lebbeck is found throughout India, Bangladesh, tropical and subtropical Asia and Africa. For toothache and gum diseases, bark parts are essentially used. Extracted residues of the leaves and barks are protective against bronchial asthma and other allergic disorders. Barks and seeds are astringent and are used in the treatment of piles and diarrhoea. Current research studies were carried out for evaluating the antioxidant, antibacterial and anticancer potentiality of methanol bark extract of A. lebbeck and to identify the bioactive compounds by GC-MS analysis. Anticancer activity was carried out by MTT reduction assay method on MCF 7 cancer cell line. Antioxidant activities such as DPPH˙ radical, ABTS●+ radical cation, superoxide (O2 .- ) radical, phosphomolybdenum reduction and Fe3+ reducing power assays were carried out for bark extract. The maximum DPPH˙ radical scavenging activity was 90.97±0.36% at 120 µg/mL concentration and its IC50 was 35.89 µg/mL concentration. The maximum ABTS●+ radical cation scavenging activity was 95.65±0.30% at 30 µg/mL concentration and its IC50 was 13.79 µg/mL concentration. The maximum superoxide (O2 .- ) radical scavenging activity was 56.45±0.35% at 60 µg/mL concentration and its IC50 was 46.28 µg/mL concentration. The maximum phosphomolybdenum reduction showed 88.98±0.28% at 120 µg/mL concentration and Fe3+ reduction showed 80.55±0.34% at 120 µg/mL concentration. The RC50 of Mo6+ reduction and Fe3+ reduction were 31.39 µg/mL and 39.16 µg/mL concentration respectively. The maximum MCF 7 cell death was 79.36±0.23% at 250 µg/mL concentration and the IC50 was 47.12 µg/mL concentration.
Quality control standardization of the leaves and root of Landolphia owariensis (Apocynaceae)
Authors: Evelyn Asante-Kwatia , Yeboah Mensah Abraham , Frimpong Baidoo Michael , Adu Asomaning George
Published: December 2019

The leaves and roots of Landolphia owariensis have received much attention for their incredible ethnomedicinal uses and are widely commercialized as aphrodisiac, anti-infective and anti-inflammatory agents in West Africa. A systematic evaluation of the leaves and roots was carried out in order to set standards for its identification and quality control. The organoleptic, macro-morphology and micromorphology of whole and powdered leaves and roots were carried out. Physicochemical, phytochemical, fluorescence analysis and preliminary HR-LC/MS analysis were also performed.From organoleptic and macromorphological studies, the leaf was identified to be ovate in shape with an acuminate apex, symmetrical base, entire margin and reticulate venation. Characteristic microscopic features of the leaf lamina, petiole and midrib include the presence of hypostomatic anomocytic stomata, wavy walled epidermal cells, a concentric vascular bundle displaying xylem and phloem cells, unicellular clothing trichomes and secretory cells. Prismatic calcium oxalate crystals, broken stomata, stone cells, pitted vessels, fibers, cork cells and unicellular clothing trichomes are found in the leaf and root powder. Various solvent soluble extractives, ash content, moisture content, pH and fluorescence characteristics were determined. Tannins, saponins, triterpenes and alkaloids were the major phytoconstituents identified. The essential diagnostic attributes of L. owariensis established in this study are useful for the authentication and quality control of the plant.
Pharmacognostic and Preliminary Phytochemical studies on leaf and fruit of Adansonia digitata L.
Authors: Sharma Shikha , Shukla Vinay J , Harisha Chanappa R , Patel Bhupesh R
Published: December 2019

Background: Adansonia digitata, the baobab, is the well-known tree species of the genus Adansonia. Aim and Objectives: Review reveals that the leaves and fruit of the plant are used traditionally in the treatment of fever, diarrhea, dysentery, ophthalmic, insect bites, inflammation, and pain. Although it is used traditionally, scientifically the plant is yet to be evaluated for its pharmacognostical characters. Hence, the plant parts were subjected to macro-microscopic, photomicrographic, physicochemical, and preliminary phytochemical tests to fix the quality standards for this drug. Method: Plant authentication, pharmacognostical study, physicochemical and phytochemical study was performed by following standard procedures as per Ayurvedic Pharmacopeia of India. Results: Microscopy of T. S. of rachis shows circular to orbicular in shape, in the cortical region parenchyma cells heavily loaded by tannin content, cluster and rosette crystals. Schematic outline of T. S. of the leaflet is bulged in the center and consist of the outer epidermis, mesophyll cells differentiated into upper palisade and lower spongy parenchyma while lower epidermis interrupted by anisocytic type of stomata. T.S. of fruit shows the presence of epidermis followed by layers of stone cells and sclerids and T.S. of seed shows outer hard testa, spool cells layer, inner large endosperm. Both samples show Loss on drying less than 6% and very few amounts of acid insoluble ash which directly indicate the amount of inorganic residue. Fruits are slightly acidic in nature. Qualitative tests showed the presence of carbohydrate, tannin, flavonoid, and steroids in leaves and fruits. Conclusion: This study would be useful in the identification and authentication of the raw drug.
Preliminary screening of anti-ulcerati ve colitis activity of aqueous leaf extract of Spondias mombin Linn. (Anacardiaceae) and the possible mechanisms of action in rats
Authors: Agbaje EO , Sabo FO , Ujomu T
Published: December 2019

Spondias mombin L. (Anacardiaceae) commonly known as ‘yellow mombin’ is a multipurpose herb cultivated in parts of the Brazilian Northeast for its edible fruits, oil and leaves. The bark is used to carve figures and leaves and roots used as medicine. Efforts in this study were devoted to evaluating the effect of aqueous leaf extract of Spondias mombin Linn. on SMB sub-acute dosing in a rat model of acetic acidinduced ulcerative colitis and acetic-acid induced ulcerative colitis (curative) models. Three graded doses of the extract were administered orally (50, 100 and 200mg/kg) for the prophylactic model and 200mg/kg for the curative model. The involvement of endogenous nitric oxide, prostaglandins and potassium ion in the cytoprotective action of S. mombin L. was also investigated. The extract showed a significant (p<0.05) colonic cytoprotective effect in acetic-acid induced ulcerative colitis (prophylactic) and acetic-acid induced ulcerative colitis (curative) models when compared to control. Antioxidant analysis showed the ability of S. mombin L. to attenuate oxidative stress by decreasing the lipid peroxide level and to inhibit accumulation of free radicals’ generation during LPO (lipid peroxidation) process. S. mombin L. showed presence of flavonoids, tannins, reducing sugar, cardiac glycosides and steroids/terpenes. S. mombin L. exhibited cytoprotective effects in all acetic-acid induced ulcer models via the mechanism of reducing the aggressive activity of the immune system on the colonic mucosa thereby protecting the colonic mucosa.
The Effect of Extraction method and Solvents on yield and Antioxidant Activity of Certain Sudanese Medicinal Plant Extracts
Authors: Adam Osman Adam Osman , Abadi Ragaa Satti Mohmmed , Ayoub Saad Mohamed Hussein
Published: December 2019

This study came with the objective to compare the effect of extraction method and solvents on yield and antioxidant activity of certain Sudanese medicinal plant extracts, used in traditional medicine for treating various illnesses. The effect of maceration and Soxhlet successive extraction with n-hexane, chloroform and methanol were investigated on the antioxidant activity of five Sudanese medicinal plants. The antioxidant activities were assessed via DPPH (2, 2-Di (4-tert-octylphenyl)-1-picryl-hydrazyl) free radical scavenging activity and Propyl Gallate as standard antioxidants. Maceration was more effective than successive Soxhlet extraction with the same solvents.
Effects of Jatropha gossypifolia leaf Extract on the Reproductive Cycle of Cypermethrin-treated Female Rats
Authors: Joy Femi-Olabisi Fehintoluwa , Opeyemi Faokunla , Moses Olorunyolemi Imoleayo
Published: December 2019

Cypermethrin (Cyp), a type II pyrethroid, is a broad-spectrum insecticide extensively used for pest management and animal husbandry practices. They have been named among the endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs). Previous studies have reported its adverse effect on reproduction with no detailed information on the effect on female reproductive cycle. Methanolic extract of Jatropha gossypifolia leaves was investigated for its attenuative effects on disrupted oestrous cycle and hormones of cypermethrintreated female wistar rats. Thirty-two female albino rats (180.23 ± 3.21 g) were completely randomized into four groups (A- D) of eight animals each. Animals in group A served as the control and received 0.5 ml of corn oil. Animals in groups B, C and D received 20 mg/kg body weight (BW) of cypermethrin and treated with 0.5 ml of corn oil, 50 and 100 mg/kg BW of Jatropha gossypifolia extract (JGE) respectively on daily basis for 30 days and sacrificed 24 hours after the last administration. The oestrous cycle was monitored by vaginal cytology between 09:00 and 10:00 hours throughout the exposure period. Four reproductive hormones were assayed for in the serum of the animals: Progesterone (P), Testosterone (T), Luteinizing hormone (LH) and Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH). The oestrous cycle was irregular in female animals given cypermethrin and distilled water. The pattern of irregularity involves persistent/extended estrus phase compared to the control group. The administration of 50 and 100 mg/kg BW of JGE attenuated the effect of cypermethrin by reversing the irregularity in the oestrous cycle. The administration of JGE attenuated the effect of cypermethrin on serum testosterone, progesterone, FSH and LH concentrations. The phytoconstituents in the plant might be responsible for the attenuative benefits of Jatropha gossypifolia leaves in the management of cypermethrin-induced alterations of the reproductive cycle.
A comparative study on the pharmaceutical preparation of Kalyanaka Ghrita and Ksheerakalyanaka Ghrita
Authors: Nandakumar Aparna , BN Ashok Kumar , Angadi Ravindra , Geethesh RR , Mohan Vidyanand
Published: December 2019

Kalyanaka Ghrita1 is a commonly prescribed formulation in cases of diseases of psychiatric origin like Unmada,Apasmara etc.The reference of Kalyanaka Ghrita is available in Brihattrayees,Sharangadhara Samhita,Chakradatta,Sahasrayoga,Kashyapa Samhita etc.The reference of Ksheerakalyanaka2 is mentioned along with the reference of Kalyanaka Ghrita in Chakradatta and also in Sahasrayoga.The reference mentioned in Charaka Samhita for Kalyanaka Ghrita and in Chakradatta for Ksheerakalyanaka Ghrita is taken for current study.The only difference observed in the references of both the formulations is the addition of two parts of Jala and four parts of Ksheera as Drava Dravya in case of Ksheerakalyanaka Ghrita.In case of Kalyanaka Ghrita only Jala is taken as Drava dravya.It is aimed to throw light on the pharmaceutical preparation of Kalyanaka Ghrita and Ksheerakalyanaka Ghrita in order to understand the aspects related to preparation of medicated Ghrita when Dugdha is mentioned as a Drava dravya.
Beyond Neglect: Building Colonial Rule in the Kitikmeot, 1916–52
Authors: McLean Scott
Published: December 2019

This article refutes official and scholarly accounts of the history of relationships between Inuit and the Canadian state that suggest that the state neglected its Arctic citizens in the period prior to 1950. Instead, the article argues that the early decades of contact between state representatives and the Inuit witnessed the construction and deployment of a distinctive form of colonial rule. Materially, such rule involved the articulation of subsistence and mercantile modes of production, meaning that Inuit livelihoods came to depend upon blending quasi-traditional hunting and fishing practices with the trapping and trading of fox furs. Symbolically, such rule assigned Canadian state representatives the noble task of protecting the Inuit – first, from the incursion of civilization and, later, from their own putative deficiencies. Grounded in archival research focused on the area now known as the Kitikmeot, this article narrates three phases in the early evolution of colonialism, phases that can be summarized as protecting Inuit, disciplining Inuit, and defending colonial rule. Through critically re-interpreting archival documents, this article presents a robust critique of official discourses regarding early Inuit–state relationships, thereby constructing a stronger foundation for postcolonial research that gives prominence to Inuit experiences of, and responses to, those relationships.
Mechanisms of Stress-Corrosion Cracking
Authors: Jones R.H.
Published: December 2019

This chapter discusses the conditions and sequence of events that lead to stress-corrosion cracking (SCC) and the mechanisms by which it progresses. It explains that the stresses involved in SCC are relatively small and, in most cases, work in combination with the development of a surface film. It describes bulk and surface reactions that contribute to SCC, including dissolution, mass transport, absorption, diffusion, and embrittlement, and their role in crack nucleation and growth. It also discusses crack tip chemistry, grain-boundary interactions, and the effect of stress-intensity on crack propagation rates, and describes several mechanical fracture models, including corrosion tunnel, film-induced cleavage, and tarnish rupture models.
Stress-Corrosion Cracking of Aluminum Alloys
Authors: Jones R.H.
Published: December 2019

Aluminum is protected by a barrier oxide film that, if damaged, reforms immediately in most environments. Despite this inherent corrosion resistance, there are conditions where aluminum alloys, like many materials, are subject to the effects of stress-corrosion cracking (SCC). This chapter describes those conditions, focusing initially on the effects of alloying elements and temper on solution potential and how it compares to other metals. It then addresses the issue of intergranular corrosion and its role in SCC. It explains how factors such as stress loads, grain structure, and environment determine whether or not stress-corrosion cracking develops in a susceptible alloy. It also provides stress-corrosion ratings for many alloys, tempers, and product forms and includes information on hydrogen-induced cracking.
Representações poéticas do sertão na perspectiva do filósofo-professor Gaston Bachelard
Authors: Abreu Bernardes Sueli Teresinha de
Published: December 2019

Neste trabalho, em uma atitude interdisciplinar, é realizada a leitura de representações poéticas do sertão, por meio de uma fenomenologia da imaginação criadora, segundo o filósofo e professor Gaston Bachelard. Afirma-se, segundo esse filósofo, que o fenomenólogo pode despertar sua consciência poética a partir de mil imagens que dormem nos livros. O corpus de análise são textos literários: a prosa-poesia sobre cenários dos Gerais em Grande Sertão: Veredas, de Guimarães Rosa. A análise abrange os horizontes do sertão, o espelho das águas e o amor nos Gerais. Deles busca-se o sentido, em um esforço de aproximação com a imaginação criante do autor, procurando assimilar-lhe o devaneio vivido ao dizer o sertão.
El binomio identidad-diferencia desde un enfoque interdisciplinar para la educación
Authors: González Alberto Matías , Del Cristo Shirley Bárbara Hernández
Published: December 2019

La realización y construcción social del ejercicio referido al binomio identidad-diferencia en la práctica de los seres humanos es una permanente convocatoria para repensar su ejercicio y significado para la educación. El presente ensayo participa de este empeño y su objetivo es lograr una aproximación teórica al sentido e influencia de la construcción de los valores identidad-diferencia para la educación en condiciones de lucha por la igualdad social. El aporte radica en una elaboración teórica fundamentada en torno al lugar de la educación en el despliegue de relación identidad-diferencia y asume que la búsqueda de la igualdad social es fundamental para ello. Las nociones reflexivas fueron elaboradas a partir de la revisión de una literatura diversa y de la constatación de argumentos con las realidades que están insertadas en un siglo en que el mundo se revoluciona en el campo de las tecnologías y donde, por otra parte, florecen las intolerancias y fundamentalismos sociales. La conclusión fundamental a que se llega es que la búsqueda de la igualdad en la diferencia debe ser prioridad para la construcción social de la identidad y, en ello, juega un papel central la educación.
Considerações sobre a Educação Primária em Uberaba (1910-1915)
Authors: Oliveira Anelise Martinelli Borges
Published: December 2019

Este trabalho traz considerações sobre a educação primária em Uberaba no início do século XX. Para tanto, utiliza-se como fonte o principal periódico em circulação da época, o jornal Lavoura e Comércio, no que diz respeito à concepção que se tinha de instrução pública, à função da inspeção de ensino, ao papel do professor no processo ensino-aprendizagem e ao comportamento que era esperado do aluno. Os resultados revelam que as informações encontradas no referido periódico vão ao encontro da concepção de educação primária que se tinha a nível nacional no início do período republicano. O trabalho insere-se no campo da pesquisa em História da Educação no Brasil e estabelece um diálogo com autores que tratam do tema (ARAÚJO; INÁCIO FILHO, 2005; SCHUELER; MAGALDI, 2009).
Bande dessinée and the Penal Imaginary
Authors: Forsdick Charles
Published: December 2019

The article offers an overview of the history and cultural representations in visual media from the 1860s onwards of French penal colonies or bagnes, and their status as graphic lieux de mémoire. It focuses specifically on French Guiana and New Caledonia and seeks to contextualise the portrayal of the motif in a varied corpus of bandes dessinées. The article argues that graphic history provides a unique forum in which aspects of the penal colonies about which there is little understanding – the transcolonial itineraries of convicts; the penal everyday; the role of carceral heritage as part of a useable past – are elucidated. Although some works primarily foreground celebrity bagnards such as Eugène Dieudonné or Henri Charrière (Papillon), albums such as those of Stéphane Blanco and Laurent Perrin allow the potential of the bande dessinée to create connections that are multilayered and multidirectional.
A novel MRI-based score assessing trabecular bone quality to predict vertebral compression fractures in patients with spinal metastasis
Authors: Ehresman Jeff , Schilling Andrew , Pennington Zach , Gui Chengcheng , Chen Xuguang , Lubelski Daniel , Ahmed A. Karim , Cottrill Ethan , Khan Majid , Redmond Kristin J. , Sciubba Daniel M.
Published: December 2019

OBJECTIVE

Vertebral compression fractures (VCFs) in patients with spinal metastasis can lead to destabilization and often carry a high risk profile. It is therefore important to have tools that enable providers to predict the occurrence of new VCFs. The most widely used tool for bone quality assessment, dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA), is not often available at a patient’s initial presentation and has limited sensitivity. While the Spinal Instability Neoplastic Score (SINS) has been associated with VCFs, it does not take patients’ baseline bone quality into consideration. To address this, the authors sought to develop an MRI-based scoring system to estimate trabecular vertebral bone quality (VBQ) and to assess this system’s ability to predict the occurrence of new VCFs in patients with spinal metastasis.

METHODS

Cases of adult patients with a diagnosis of spinal metastasis, who had undergone stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) to the spine or neurosurgical intervention at a single institution between 2012 and 2019, were retrospectively reviewed. The novel VBQ score was calculated for each patient by dividing the median signal intensity of the L1–4 vertebral bodies by the signal intensity of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to identify associations of demographic, clinical, and radiological data with new VCFs.

RESULTS

Among the 105 patients included in this study, 56 patients received a diagnosis of a new VCF and 49 did not. On univariable analysis, the factors associated with new VCFs were smoking status, steroid use longer than 3 months, the SINS, and the novel scoring system—the VBQ score. On multivariable analysis, only the SINS and VBQ score were significant predictors of new VCFs and, when combined, had a predictive accuracy of 89%.

CONCLUSIONS

As a measure of bone quality, the novel VBQ score significantly predicted the occurrence of new VCFs in patients with spinal metastases independent of the SINS. This suggests that baseline bone quality is a crucial factor that requires assessment when evaluating these patients’ conditions and that the VBQ score is a novel and simple MRI-based measure to accomplish this.
The use of augmented reality to educate preschoolers on preventing dental malocclusion
Authors: Salim Yulita , Puspitasari Yustisia , Azis Huzain , Anas Risnayanti
Published: December 2019

According to the World Health Organization (WHO), malocclusion is a deviation in dentofacial growth or an abnormal relationship between the teeth of both arches, which results in impaired physical function for sufferers. Causes of malocclusion include genetic factors, inappropriate growth and development processes, bad habits of children, and malnutrition. Also, malocclusion can be caused by a lack of knowledge of children, parents, and guardians of students in the school environment in maintaining oral health. Nurul Falah Kindergarten, located in Mamajang District in the middle of Makassar City. However, students in kindergarten are from the middle to lower economies with a lack of dental and oral health awareness. According to the principal, some students come with the condition of not brushing teeth and with cavities. This service activity aims to help solve the problems faced by teachers in pre-school age students by providing dental education based on Augmented Reality and Topical Application Fluor (TAF) as an effort to prevent malocclusion. It is hoped that through this activity malocclusion prevention can be done through promotive efforts on dental health. This dental extension will be complemented by the utilization of information technology advances in the form of android-based Augmented Reality (AR) technology that is able to visualize an object in 3 dimensions so that the counseling process becomes more interactive and real.
The online game addiction, psychology and interpersonal relationship of the engineering students
Authors: Ar Rosyid Harits , Prawidya Della Murbarani , Amalia Amalia , Fajariani Erna , Adhilaga Hanif , Shi Peizhi
Published: December 2019

The trend of playing the online game had affected many kinds of people including students. People play online games to relieve their tension or as a mood repair, given that such games provide entertainment.  This research aims to determine the online game addiction of the students, their psychological state, and also their interpersonal relationships. We collected data via a questionnaire-based survey to 72 students who played an online game. From a demographic perspective, most participants were male students from the electrical engineering department. As a result, the indications of players’ addiction are the daily playing session of at least four hours and the fact that they were experienced (loyal) players. Briefly, playing online games contributed to the student's psychological state, emotional level, time management, and also problem-solving ability. Fortunately, these players rarely had conflicts with either their parents, friend or others.
ÇEVRECİ ÖRGÜT KURAMLARI KAPSAMINDA ÖRGÜT YAŞI İLE ÖRGÜT YAPISI ARASINDAKİ İLİŞKİNİN BOYUTLARI ÜZERİNDE FARKLI DEĞERLENDİRMELER: YAZINSAL BİR İNCELEME
Authors: YÜKSEL Murad , SEYMEN Oya Aytemiz , BOLAT Oya İnci
Published: December 2019

Örgüt yaşı ile örgüt yapısını oluşturan unsurlar arasındaki ilişki, yönetim yazınında tartışılan konulardan biridir. Bu konuda yapılan sınırlı sayıda araştırma incelendiğinde, söz konusu ilişkinin niteliği hakkında tam bir uzlaşıya varıldığı söylenemez. Öncelikle Koşul Bağımlılık Kuramı ve Örgütsel Çevrebilim Kuramları örgüt yaşı-örgüt yapısı ilişkisine farklı açılardan yaklaşmaktadır. Koşul Bağımlılık Kuramı kapsamında, örgüt yaşının yapısal unsurlar üzerindeki etkisi irdelenirken, bu ilişkide “örgüt büyüklüğü”nün bir koşul bağımlısı olarak etkili olduğu vurgusu ön plana çıkmakta; ancak yazında bu etkinin farklı şekillerde ele alındığı görülmektedir. Diğer yandan, örgüt yaşının ve dinamiklerinin açıklanmasında en çok başvurulan kuram, Örgütsel Çevrebilim Kuramıdır ve bu kuram kapsamında, örgütsel yaş ile yapı ilişkisi, çoğunlukla “yenilik” ve “uyum” boyutlarında ele alınmakta ve demografik açıdan genç-yaşlı örgütler karşılaştırmasına konu olmaktadır. Kuramlardan bağımsız olarak; örgüt yaşının tanımına ve gençlik/yaşlılık niteliğine yönelik tanımlardaki farklılık ile örgüt yaşının bağımlı ya da kontrol değişkeni olarak ele alınmasına dönük eleştiriler, yazında bir hayli önem taşımaktadır. Dolayısıyla çalışmada amaçlanan, yazında örgüt yaşı ile örgüt yapısı ilişkisini, iki farklı çevresel kuramın bakış açıları ile ayrı ayrı irdelemek ve bu alandaki temel uzlaşı ve uzlaşmazlık noktalarını sistematik biçimde ortaya koyabilmektir.
TURİST REHBERLİĞİ ALANININ BİBLİYOMETRİK PROFİLİ (ULUSAL TURİZM KONGRELERİ BİLDİRİLERİ)
Authors: ŞAHİN Seda , ACUN Ayşen
Published: December 2019

Bu çalışmada 1990-2015 yılları arasında gerçekleştirilen Ulusal Turizm Kongresi Kitaplarında yer alan turist rehberliği alanında yapılan çalışmalar çeşitli parametreler çerçevesinde değerlendirilmiştir. Bu kapsamda çalışmanın amacı, turist rehberliği alan yazının genel özelliklerini ortaya koymaktır. Elde edilen bildirilere ilişkin bilgiler istatistik analiz paket programına yüklenerek, verilerin sıklık ve yüzde analizleri yapılmıştır. Yapılan incelemeler sonucunda turist rehberliği alanında en fazla bildirinin 15. Ulusal Turizm Kongresinde yayımlandığı ortaya çıkmıştır. Yazar sayısı incelendiğinde iki yazarlı çalışmaların ağırlıkta olduğu belirlenmiştir. Bildirilerde en fazla kullanılan anahtar kelimelerin “turizm” ve “turist rehberi” olduğu belirlenmiştir. Birinci ve ikinci yazarların çalıştığı kurumun Balıkesir Üniversitesi olduğu ortaya çıkmıştır. Bildirilerde en fazla çalışılan konu ise eğitimdir
HİSSE SENETLERİNİN VARANTLARA DAYANAK VARLIK OLUŞUNUN HİSSE SENEDİ GETİRİLERİ ÜZERİNDEKİ ETKİSİ: OLAY ÇALIŞMASI YÖNTEMİ İLE BIST’TE BİR UYGULAMA
Authors: AKSU Melek , SAKARYA Şakir
Published: December 2019

İlk kez hisse senetlerine dayalı yatırım kuruluşu varantlarının ihraç edilmesinin hisse

senedi fiyatları üzerindeki etkisinin incelendiği bu çalışmada olay çalışmasından yararlanılmıştır. Şirketlerin hisse senetlerine dayalı yatırım kuruluşu varantlarının ilk kez ihraç

edilmesi ile hisse senetlerinin fiyatlarında bir düşüş gözlenmiş ve hisse senetlerinin varantlara dayanak olduğu tarihler etrafında negatif kümülatif anormal getiri tespit edilmiştir. Bu

durum, piyasanın etkin olmadığını göstermektedir
HİZMETKAR LİDERLİK VE PSİKOLOJİK GÜÇLENDİRME İLİŞKİSİ: ÖRGÜT KÜLTÜRÜNÜN DÜZENLEYİCİ ETKİSİ
Authors: BOLAT Tamer , BOLAT Oya İnci , YÜKSEL Murad
Published: December 2019

Bu çalışmanın temel amacı, hizmetkar liderlik ve psikolojik güçlendirme arasında anlamlı bir ilişkinin olup olmadığını ve bu ilişkide örgüt kültürünün düzenleyici etkisini belirlemektir. Çalışmanın örneklemi Eskişehir’de faaliyet gösteren bir mobilya fabrikası ile Balıkesir’de faaliyet gösteren borik-asit fabrikasıdır. Veriler anket yöntemi ile toplanmıştır. Bu kapsamda beş yüz yirmi altı anket analizlerde kullanılmıştır. Araştırma sonuçları, hizmetkar liderlik ve psikolojik güçlendirme arasında anlamlı ve pozitif bir ilişkinin olduğunu göstermektedir. Bu sonuca göre hizmetkar liderlik tarzını benimseyen yöneticilerin takipçileri, kendilerini psikolojik olarak daha fazla güçlendirilmiş hissetmektedirler. Ayrıca örgüt kültürü alt boyutlarından klan kültürünün hizmetkar liderlik ve psikolojik güçlendirme arasındaki ilişki üzerinde düzenleyici etkisinin olduğu saptanmıştır. Bu çalışmanın en önemli kısıtı, çalışmanın sonuçlarının, araştırmanın sadece bir mobilya fabrikası ile bir borik-asit fabrikasında yapılması nedeniyle imalat sektörüne yönelik genellenememesidir
BİR FİNANSAL YATIRIM ARACININ OYUN TEOREMİ İLE SEÇİMİ
Authors: GÜLER ÖZÇALIK Sevinç , CENGİZ Sevde , BAŞ Aysun
Published: December 2019

Günümüzde artan küreselleşme ile birlikte, işletmelerin varlıklarını devam ettirebilmeleri veya yeni işletmelerin piyasada tutunabilmeleri için rakipleriyle etkin bir şekilde rekabet edebilmeleri zorunluluk haline gelmiştir. Hızla gelişen bu rekabet ortamında

doğru kararı verebilmek daha önemli hale gelmiştir. Belirsizliklerin ve risklerin bulunduğu

bu ortamda karar vermek için kullanılan yöntemlerden biri de oyun teorisidir. Yatırımı

yapacak olan yatırımcı ve yatırımın yapıldığı piyasa bu oyunun oyuncularıdır. Oyun kuramı; “Oyuncu hangi kararı verirse versin, kazanç söz konusu olduğunda maksimumu,

kayıp söz konusu olduğunda ise minimumu veren optimal karar ne olmalıdır?” sorusunun

yanıtını vermektedir. Bu yöntemle yatırımcı için en uygun çözümü sağlayan yatırım çeşitlendirmesine karar verilir. Bu çalışmada bir yatırımcının, 2011-2015 yılları arasında aylık

5 farklı portföyün seçimi, oyun teoreminden yararlanılarak yapılmıştır. Yatırımların seçimi

için bir model oluşturulmuştur. Yatırımcının karar verme stratejileri ve bu stratejilere karşı

piyasanın oynadığı karşı stratejiler belirlenmiştir. Oyun, getiri matrisleri yolu ile çözülerek

yatırımcı için optimal karar verilmeye çalışılmıştır
The Conceptual Impossibility of Free Will Error Theory
Authors: Latham Andrew H.
Published: December 2019

This paper argues for a view of free will that I will call the conceptual impossibility of the truth of free will error theory - the conceptual impossibility thesis. I will argue that given the concept of free will we in fact deploy, it is impossible for our free will judgements—judgements regarding whether some action is free or not—to be systematically false. Since we do judge many of our actions to be free, it follows from the conceptual impossibility thesis that many of our actions are in fact free. Hence it follows that free will error theory—the view that no judgement of the form ‘action A was performed freely’—is false. I will show taking seriously the conceptual impossibility thesis helps makes good sense of some seemingly inconsistent results in recent experimental philosophy work on determinism and our concept of free will. Further, I will present some reasons why we should expect to find similar results for every other factor we might have thought was important for free will.
The Minimal Clinically Relevant Change of the FOG Score
Authors: Fietzek Urban M. , Schulz Simon J. , Ziegler Kerstin , Ceballos-Baumann Andres O.
Published: December 2019

Background:

Freezing of gait is a highly disabling symptom in persons with Parkinson’s disease (PwP). Despite its episodic character, freezing can be reliably evaluated using the FOG score. The description of the minimal clinically relevant change is a requirement for a meaningful interpretation of its results.

Objective:

To determine the minimal clinically relevant change of the FOG score.

Methods:

We evaluated video recordings of a standardized freezing-evoking gait parkour, i.e., the FOG score just before and 30 minutes after the intake of a regular levodopa dose in a randomized blinded fashion. The minimal clinically relevant response was considered a value of one or more on a 7-step Likert-type response scale [–3; +3] that served as the anchor. The minimal clinically relevant change was determined by ROC analysis.

Results:

37 PwP (Hoehn & Yahr stages 2.5–4, 27 male, 10 female) were aged 68.2 years on average (range 45–80). Mean disease duration was 12.9 years (2–29 years). Minimum FOG score was 0 and Maximum FOG score was 29. Mean FOG scores before medication were 10.6, and 11.1 after medication intake, with changes ranging from –14.7 to +16.7. The minimal clinically relevant change (MCRC) for improvement based on expert clinician rating was three scale points with a sensitivity of 0.67 and a specificity of 0.96.

Conclusions:

The FOG score is recognized as a useful clinical instrument for the evaluation of freezing in the clinical setting. Knowledge of the MCRC should help to define responses to interventions that are discernible and meaningful to the expert physician and to the patient.
Estimating loss of canal function in the video head impulse test (vHIT)
Authors: Barin Kamran
Published: December 2019

BACKGROUND:

The vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) gain is the primary parameter for quantifying and interpreting the video head impulse test (vHIT). Yet, the relationship between the VOR gain and the extent of canal function is not clear.

OBJECTIVE:

The goal of this paper was to determine if the loss of canal function in vHIT can be estimated from the VOR gain.

METHODS:

A model of the VOR was developed that included linear components for the cupula and the velocity storage mechanism as well as nonlinear components for the vestibular nerve and the vestibular nuclei. Multiple simulations were carried out as the level of function for the right and left VOR pathways was varied systematically over their entire range.

RESULTS:

Simulation results were similar to the typical findings in normal individuals as well as in patients with unilateral and bilateral loss of canal function. Based on these simulations, a relationship between the canal function and the VOR gains was established. This relationship was surprisingly independent of most model parameters.

CONCLUSIONS:

The sum of right and left VOR gains (or 2 times the mean of VOR gains) at a given head velocity is an estimate of the total function of the involved canals. This simple formula can estimate the loss of canal function in purely unilateral lesions. For bilateral lesions, the same formula can estimate the total loss of bilateral function but contributions from individual canals cannot be determined without additional information.
Impact of corporate social responsibility on reputation, trust, loyalty of the customers in the banking sector – Evidence in dalat city
Authors: Thao Nguyen Thi Phuong , Anh Nguyen Van , An Pham Thi Thuy
Published: December 2019

The theoretical model illustrates the relationship between the implementation of corporate social responsibility (CSR) on customer loyalty in the banking industry through intermediary variables that are bank reputation and customer trust. The research was conducted in two stages. The first one is preliminary research that seeks to adjust and modify observed variables used in previous studies to fit the context of banking products in Da Lat City. Preliminary qualitative method was carried out via direct interviews with bank managers and customers in Da Lat City and preliminary quantitative research was conducted via a structured survey with a sample size of 150. The purpose of this stage is to evaluate the reliability and the monotonicity of the scale using SPSS 20 software. The main research was conducted via a detail structured survey with 350 customers in Da Lat City to evaluate the reliability and validity of the scale and test the hypotheses of the research model. The Cronbach’s Alpha reliability analysis, exploratory factor analysis (EFA), confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and structural equation modeling (SEM) was performed on AMOS 20 software. The results indicate that three CSR activities of banks have a direct impact on their reputation which affects trust and trust, in turn, affects customer loyalty. Some suggestions for the bank managers were also proposed.
宝塔区山地果园集雨灌溉工程实施方案浅析
Authors: 封 亚娜
Published: December 2019

宝塔区山地苹果种植面积49.9万亩。由于果园主要分布在山区,受地形条件限制,果树灌溉用水十分困难,这成为制约苹果高产增效的主要问题。近年来区水务局利用境内山区面积大、地表径流多的优势,采用雨水集蓄利用的经验,在宝塔区境内修建了多处集雨水窖灌溉果树,效益十分明显,即可方便果农打农药用水,富裕水还可以补充灌溉,不仅可节约成本,解放劳力,对苹果增产、增收也有一定帮助,因此发展雨水的积蓄利用,在小李渠村修建集雨水窖是必要的。
电力大数据背景下的电网规划研究
Authors: 王 昊
Published: December 2019

目前,大数据已经深入到各个领域中,并在电力规划设计中发挥自身的作用。大数据为电力规划设计搭建了信息平台,使城市规划和电网规划相接轨,充分利用城市中的各种资源,进行高水平的规划。在规划设计的全过程之中能够利用信息化手段节约资金投入、避免资源浪费。同时,在进行电力规划设计时能够更好地锻炼工作人员的能力,增强电力规划设计工作的合理性和科学性。
Bidens pilosa - picão preto: influência da adubação orgânica e da luminosidade na produtividade e no teor de flavonoides
Authors: Borella Júlio Cézar , Borella Pedro Henrique , Gastaldi Matheus Daguano , Miranda Carlos Eduardo Saraiva
Published: December 2019

Espécies vegetais podem ser consideradas úteis, ou não, dependendo do modo que são caracterizadas pelos humanos. Algumas passam de daninhas a alimentícias, cosméticas ou medicinais, tornando interessante economicamente seu cultivo. Bidens pilosa L. (picão preto) é uma espécie neste contexto, que foi submetida a ensaio agronômico visando avaliar sua produtividade (massa fresca e massa seca) e o teor de flavonoides. Ela foi cultivada com diferentes níveis de adubação orgânica (esterco bovino curtido - 50 t ha-1) e de sombreamento. O delineamento experimental foi de blocos casualizados com 3 repetições, em esquema fatorial de 22, constituído de 4 tratamentos (1. Com adubação + sombreamento 0%; 2. Com adubação + sombreamento 50%; 3. Sem adubação + sombreamento 50% e 4. Sem adubação + sombreamento 0%). Os resultados mostraram que o cultivo usando adubação orgânica, ao sol pleno produziu 63% mais droga vegetal que os tratamentos sem adubação orgânica, usando ou não sombreamento. Em relação ao teor de flavonoides, igualdade estatística entre todos os tratamentos foi encontrada, porém o maior resultado numérico (0,096% m/m) para este parâmetro foi obtido sem uso de adubação e sem restrição de iluminação e o menor (0,058% m/m), com uso de adubação, ao sol pleno.
Anatomia foliar de Verbena litoralis Kunth. (Verbenaceae)
Authors: Aoyama Elisa Mitsuko , Furlan Marcos Roberto , Indriunas Alexandre
Published: December 2019

Verbena litoralis, conhecida por gervãozinho-do-campo, dentre outras denominações, é utilizada na medicina popular contra diarreias, desordens gastrointestinais e febres. Recentemente, suas atividades antimicrobiana e antioxidante foram comprovadas. Para auxiliar na sua identificação, o objetivo do presente trabalho foi descrever características anatômicas foliares de V. litoralis. Folhas adultas e expandidas foram coletadas no município de Taubaté-SP. Amostras coletadas do 2º e 3º nós foram fixadas e as secções obtidas à mão livre, com auxílio de lâmina de barbear e isopor foram obtidas no sentido transversal e paradérmico. As lâminas foram preparadas segundo técnicas usuais de anatomia vegetal. As folhas apresentam, em vista frontal da face adaxial, células sinuosas com estômatos anisocíticos, enquanto, na abaxial, estômatos anomocíticos. Tricomas glandulares e tectores unicelulares foram observados em ambas as faces. A nervura central é biconvexa com feixe vascular colateral, o mesofilo dorsiventral com parênquima paliçádico e lacunoso. A região basal do limbo, em vista transversal, apresenta inúmeros tricomas glandulares peltado e subssésis, além de tectores unicelulares, abaixo da epiderme ocorre colênquima angular, o sistema vascular é constituído por um feixe colateral e dois a quatro acessórios. Comparando com dados da literatura, a espécie em estudo se destaca pelas características dos tricomas glandulares.
Prescrição de fitoterápicos na atenção primária de saúde no Brasil e a contribuição do memento fitoterápico aos profissionais prescritores
Authors: Dos Santos Monica Regina Guimarães , Rezende Mayara De Azeredo
Published: December 2019

A introdução das Plantas Medicinais e Fitoterápicos (PMF) na Atenção Primária Básica de Saúde (APBS) necessitou de ferramentas, como o Memento Fitoterápico da Farmacopeia Brasileira (MFFB), que pudessem auxiliar o uso racional e seguro das PMFs. No entanto, poucos são os relatos de êxito sobre o uso dessa importante ferramenta pelos profissionais prescritores na APSB. O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar a contribuição do MFFB aos profissionais prescritores na APBS. Para isso, foi realizada uma revisão em bases de dados relacionadas com a temática. Os estudos demonstraram que há uma baixa adesão quanto à prescrição dos PMFs na APSB, apesar de existir o memento fitoterápico para auxiliar na prescrição. Essas lacunas podem estar relacionadas com a falta de conhecimento e desestímulo dos profissionais de saúde, devido ao déficit orçamentário das APBS e, também, pela não inserção do conhecimento de fitoterapia nos cursos de graduação. A inclusão do MFFB na prática da fitoterapia clínica é de fundamental importância, pois, trata-se de um recurso que serve para viabilizar, facilitar as prescrições de fitoterápicos pelos profissionais, refletindo positivamente para o aumento dessas prescrições.
ОСНОВНІ МАЙНОВІ ЗОБОВ’ЯЗАННЯ У СТРУКТУРІ ЗМІСТУ ЗОБОВ’ЯЗАЛЬНИХ ВІДНОСИН
Authors: Чанишева Аліна Рашидівна
Published: December 2019

У статті на підставі аналізу чинного цивільного законодавства та спеціальної літератури виокремлюються основні майнові зобов’язання у структурі змісту зобов’язальних відносин. Визначаються їх сторони, зміст, моменти виникнення та припинення. Вносяться пропозиції щодо вдосконалення цивільного законодавства в частині, що регулює зазначені зобов’язання.
РЕФОРМУВАННЯ ЗАКОНОДАВСТВА УКРАЇНИ У СФЕРІ ОХОРОНИ ПРОМИСЛОВОЇ ВЛАСНОСТІ: ЦИВІЛЬНО-ПРАВОВИЙ АСПЕКТ
Authors: Ярошевська Тамара Василівна
Published: December 2019

У статті досліджується проблемні питання охорони прав на об’єкти промислової власності в умовах інте-грації України до ЄС. Встановлено, що в умовах переходу України до ринкових відносин, становлення нових форм власності істотно зросла роль промислової власності. Сьогодні в Україні проблемним питанням є вдо-сконалення механізмів охорони та комерціалізації об’єктів права промислової власності, вироблення чіткої державної політики у сфері розвитку ринку і створення системи охорони промислової власності. Доведено, що обраний Україною шлях інтеграції в ЄС потребує максимального наближення національного законодавства у сфері інтелектуальної власності до законодавств країн – членів ЄС. Обґрунтовано, що для вирішення проблем-них питань необхідно: встановити відповідність положень чинного національного законодавства у сфері про-мислової власності законодавству країн – членів ЄС; вдосконалити нормативно-правову базу та створити дієві механізми охорони прав на об’єкти промислової власності; розробити відповідну стратегію державної інно-ваційної економіко-правової політики для підвищення конкурентоспроможності вітчизняних товарів і послуг. Запропоновано шляхи вдосконалення законодавства України у сфері охорони прав на об’єкти промислової власності до європейських стандартів.
НАБУТТЯ КОРПОРАТИВНИХ ПРАВ ОДНИМ ІЗ ПОДРУЖЖЯ
Authors: Вінтоняк Наталія Дмитрівна
Published: December 2019

Статтю присвячено дослідженню правового регулювання корпоративних прав подружжя, набутих одним із подружжя за рахунок майна, що належить подружжю на праві спільної сумісної власності. Розглянуто внесення майна, що належить подружжю на праві спільної сумісної власності, як вкладу до статутного капіталу юридичної особи корпоративного типу, як первісний спосіб набуття корпоративних прав, та укладення цивільно-правових договорів - як похідний. Приділено увагу згоді подружжя під час набуття корпоративних прав одним із подружжя.
Faktor-Faktor Yang Berhubungan Dengan Perilaku Pencegahan Ulkus Diabetikum Pada Penderita Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Oktorina Rola , Wahyuni Aria , Harahap Ervina Yanti
Published: December 2019

DM sufferers continue to increase every year. Diabetic ulcers are a common complication that often occurs in DM patients. complications prevention behavior that must be performed by DM patients in order to prevent complications. This study aims to determine the factors related to the behavior of prevention of diabetic ulcers in patients with diabetes mellitus at Achmad Mochtar Bukittinggi Hospital in 2019
This type of research is analytic descriptive with cross sectional study approach. The population in this study was 334 people. Sampling using accidental sampling technique with a sample size of 35 people. Data collection in this study used a questionnaire sheet. Data analysis included univariate and bivariate analyzes using the chi-square test.
The results showed that 62.9% of respondents had low knowledge, 88.6% had no ulcers, 51.4% were low socioeconomic. The results of bivariate analysis showed that there was a relationship between knowledge (p = 0.038, OR = 6) and socioeconomic status (p = 0.028, OR = 6.417) with the prevention behavior of diabetic ulcer complications, whereas the ulcer experience variable was not related to the prevention behavior of diabetic ulcer complications (p = 0.619).
It was concluded that knowledge and socioeconomic status were significantly related to the prevention of diabetic ulcers in DM patients. It is expected that all parties, especially health workers, will maximize education and counseling for DM patients, especially in the low knowledge group and with low socioeconomic status.
Cultivation theory and
hegemony
Authors: Özer Ömer
Published: December 2019

Hegemony can be roughly defined as the overall field of practical strategies exerted by a dominant power in gaining the consent of the people under its rule (Eagleton, 1996: 167). The authority exercised on subordinated classes depends on consent, not force. Predominant classes operate hegemony through ideology; and media is one of the fields that hegemony is achieved. Cultivation theory expresses that television has a
role on the social reality conceptualization and the world perception of people. For instance, heavy viewers consider that police is essential
for this world. This suggests that hegemony is achieved. In this study,
research concerning the cultivation role of television on the students of Faculty of Science at Anadolu University, Eskişehir, Turkey was carried out and the cultivation role has come out as a result of the analyses. This result indicates that hegemony is achieved on the related
faculty students. In the Conclusion, I will discuss whether television is an old or new technology.