bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Recent advances and future directions of 3D to 6D printing in brain cancer treatment and neural tissue engineering
Authors: Amiri Elahe , Sanjarnia Pegah , Sadri Bahareh , Jafarkhani Saeed , Khakbiz Mehrdad
Published: July 2023

The field of neural tissue engineering has undergone a revolution due to advancements in three-dimensional (3D) printing technology. This technology now enables the creation of intricate neural tissue constructs with precise geometries, topologies, and mechanical properties. Currently, there are various 3D printing techniques available, such as stereolithography and digital light processing, and a wide range of materials can be utilized, including hydrogels, biopolymers, and synthetic materials. Furthermore, the development of four-dimensional (4D) printing has gained traction, allowing for the fabrication of structures that can change shape over time using techniques such as shape-memory polymers. These innovations have the potential to facilitate neural regeneration, drug screening, disease modeling, and hold tremendous promise for personalized diagnostics, precise therapeutic strategies against brain cancers. This review paper provides a comprehensive overview of the current state-of-the-art techniques and materials for 3D printing in neural tissue engineering and brain cancer. It focuses on the exciting possibilities that lie ahead, including the emerging field of 4D printing. Additionally, the paper discusses the potential applications of five-dimensional and six-dimensional printing, which integrate time and biological functions into the printing process, in the fields of neuroscience.
The use of pre-mixture pheromone for controlling rhinoceros beetle and weevil stem borer in oil palm plantation
Authors: Priwiratama H , Prasetyo A E , Rozziansha T A P , Susanto A
Published: July 2023

A field experiment was conducted to assess the efficacy of pre-mixture pheromone formulation containing ethyl-4-methyl octanoate and 4-methyl-5-nonanol against rhinoceros beetle and weevil stem borer. Four doses of pre-mixture pheromone, i.e., 1 mL/2 ha, 1 mL/3 ha, 1 mL/4 ha, and 1 mL/8 ha, were tested following a randomized block design with five replications. A mock treatment using 1 mL of pure water was used as a comparison. The result showed that the pre-mixture pheromone could attract adult males and females of the rhinoceros beetle and the weevil stem borer. The recommended dose (1 ml/2 ha), as predicted, was more effective in trapping the targeted pests, of which the number of beetle and weevil trapped was 163.35 beetles/trap (equal to 8,168 beetles per 100 ha area) and 6.95 weevils/trap (equal to 348 weevils per 100 ha area), respectively. Each pest’s male and female adult was trapped at approximately a 1:1 ratio. The experiment suggests the potency of pre-mixture pheromone for controlling the population of rhinoceros beetle and weevil stem borer in oil palm plantations.
Efficacy of organic fertilizer, biofertilizer and endophytic bacteria to control nematodes in robusta coffee
Authors: Harni R , Saefudin  , Sasmita K D , Sakiroh  , Amaria W
Published: July 2023

Coffee is a plantation crop that has high economic value. One of the obstacles in the cultivation of coffee plants is the attack of plant parasitic nematodes, including Pratylenchus coffeae, Radopholus similis, and Meloidogyne spp. The reported nematode control technologies are the implementation of organic fertilizers, botanical pesticides, and biological agents. This study aimed to determine the effect of organic fertilizer, biofertilizer, and endophytic bacteria to control nematodes on Robusta coffee plants. The research conducted on a farmers’ coffee plantation infested by parasitic nematodes in Sidomulyo village, Lampung, Indonesia. The study used a randomized block design with 6 treatments: organic fertilizer, organic fertilizer + biofertilizer, organic fertilizer + endophytic bacteria, biofertilizer + endophytic bacteria, organic fertilizer + biofertilizer + endophytic bacteria, and control (farmer’s technology). Biofertilizers were applied together with organic fertilizers at the beginning of the rainy season, 25 g/tree and 3 kg/tree, respectively. Endophytic bacteria were applied 100 ml/tree a month after organic and biofertilizer. The observations were performed on the nematode population, growth, and production of robusta coffee. The results showed the application of organic fertilizers, biofertilizers, and endophytic bacteria could suppress the nematode population in Robusta coffee plants of 50.56-70.71%. The application of organic fertilizers, biofertilizers, and endophytic bacteria also increases the growth and productivity of Robusta coffee plants.
Population Dynamics of The Bagworm, Clania tertia Templeton (Lepidoptera: Psychidae) on Immature Oil Palm at Pelalawan Regency, Riau
Authors: Manurung Castro FB , Anwar Ruly
Published: July 2023

Plant pests and diseases are considered as one of the problems in agricultural production, including oil palm. Oil palm leaf-eating caterpillars are a class of pests often found in oil palm plantations throughout Indonesia. The bagworm is one of the leaf eaters classified as voracious insect pest and difficult to control because these pests hide in their bags. Pest control needs to be done from young (immature) plants so that yield loss during production can be prevented and cause no economic losses. This study aims to know the attack of bagworm C. tertia on immature oil palm on different locations and different treatments and determine the factors causing the death of bagworm in the Plantation of PT Inti Indosawit Subur, Pangkalan Kerinci, Pelalawan Regency, Riau. This study was conducted by direct observation of the bagworm in Block A and Block K. From each block, two observation sites were determined, and 25 sample plants were selected from each observation site. The dead bagworms were collected to determine the cause of death. The research results showed that the bagworm dead in Block A was higher than in Block K due to pest control such as trunk injection (TI) were implemented in Block A. In Block A, the highest percentage of deaths due to insecticides occurred in the second observation, and decreased at each observation time. The death of the bagworm in Block K was mostly caused by the role of predators.
Yield performance of Sorghum Ratoon-1 as affected by different dosages of N fertilization
Authors: Kamal Muhammad , Hadi M. S. , Setiawan K. , Iqbal Annafi M. , Sungkono
Published: July 2023

Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.)Moench) is a promising crop for the production of food, feed and bioethanol. Sorghum plants also can grow in different wide ranges of soil, and they can be ratooned. A field trial was conducted to study the response of different cultivars of sorghum ratoon-1 to dosages of N fertilization applied on first-planted sorghum plants. The experiment was done in Way lima, Pesawaran of Lampung Province, Indonesia, in 2020. Treatments were arranged factorially in a randomized block design with three replications. The first factor was sorghum genotypes, including Numbu, P/I WHP, GH-1, GH-6, Talaga Bodas, UPCA, Super-1, and Super-2, while the second factor was N fertilization levels consisting of 0, 75, 150, 225 and 300 kg Urea/ha. Sorghum was planted with a row spacing of 80x20 cm. Fertilizers used were urea, SP-36, KCl, and cattle manure. The fertilizers were applied on first-planted sorghum plants, so the ratoon-1 of sorghum plants was not fertilized. The result of the experiment indicated that sorghum genotypes responded differently to N fertilization. The highest grain yield was found at Talaga Bodas (32.75 g/plant), while the lowest grain yield was 23,96 g/panicle, found at the GH-6 genotype. The difference in sorghum grain yield was most likely due to different sizes and numbers of sorghum grains. On the other side, different levels of N fertilization did not show significant differences in sorghum ratoon-1.
Performance evaluation of pechay (Brassica rapa var. chinensis) using different organic growing media under hydroponic system
Authors: Solis E S
Published: July 2023

There is a growing interest among vegetable growers in using locally available growing media in hydroponic production. This study assessed the growth and yield of pechay, nutrient solution consumption of the plant, and its quality using different growing media (foam, coco peat, raw rice hull, raw saw dust, vermicompost, composted rice straw, composted rice hull) in a Kratky hydroponic system at the Institute of Agriculture, Camiguin Polytechnic State College-Catarman Campus, Tangaro, Catarman, Camiguin from June 10, 2021, until July 15, 2021. The study was laid in a Randomized Complete Block Design with seven treatments and three replications. Tukey’s Honest Significant Difference (HSD) was used to compare the significant differences between treatment means. Results showed that the type of growing media did not significantly affect the pechay growth performance, insect pests and disease incidence, nutrient solution consumption, and final quality of the hydroponic nutrient solution. However, a highly significant difference was observed in horticultural root development characteristics except for the percentage of root per plant and survival rate. In terms of yield parameters, highly significant differences were observed except for the number of marketable and non-marketable yields, the weight of non-marketable yields, and the harvest index. Our results showed that the use of foam could be used effectively to increase production under a hydroponic system. The use of organic growing media (raw rice hull, vermicompost, raw saw dust, coco peat) was also promising for their growth and yield performance. It can be concluded that the growing media affects the growth and yield of pechay in a hydroponic production system; however, the potential use of these various growing media should be further tested for verification.
Dynamics of Nutrient Availability of Inorganic Fertilizers in Oil Palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq) Nursery
Authors: Prasetyo D W , Kurniawan L , Andriani M , Almatholib S A , Putra G I S
Published: July 2023

Inorganic fertilizers that are applied take a certain time to be available in the soil. The application distance between types of fertilizers is needed with the aim of reducing antagonistic properties, both antagonistic properties between nutrients and between types of fertilizers so as to increase the effectiveness of fertilizer absorption. The purpose of this research study the pattern of nutrient release and the interaction of several chemical fertilizers at the oil palm nursery stage. This research was divided into 2 stages, namely the preliminary stage to determine the optimum dose of each type of fertilizer and the stage of testing the antagonism of 2 different types of fertilizers from 5 types of fertilizers, namely Urea (N), Rock Phosphate (P), MOP (K), Kieserite (K), and HGFB (B). The experimental design used a non-factorial Randomized Block Design, with 45 treatments and 4 replications. The results showed that the optimum doses of the three leaf nutrients were obtained at 40 g/seed for RP, 45 g/seed for K, and 50 g/seed for Borate. The optimum nutrients for N and K fertilizers have not been obtained, so the highest dose from the test level is used, which is 80 g/seed respectively. The results of statistical analysis show the ideal distance of application time between RP and MOP fertilizers, RP with Kieserite, RP with HGFB, MOP with Kieserite.
Test the viability and effectiveness of the AMF biofertilizer prototypes using different spore carrier media on production of organic cocoa
Authors: Rai I N , Sudana I M , Wiraatmaja I W , Astiari N K A , Wijana G
Published: July 2023

Increasing consumer demand for healthy food products has an impact on increasing demand for organic cocoa, but it is difficult for farmers to fulfil it because the production per hectare is still very low. Development of indigenous Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) as biological fertilizers is expected to relieve farmers’ difficulties. This study aimed to find the best AMF biofertilizer prototype that can increase organic cocoa production while increasing soil fertility. The research was conducted through 2 stages. Stage 1 made prototypes of biological fertilizers from 7 indigenous AMF species isolated from cocoa roots using different spore carrier media and then tested the spore viability during storage, and stage 2 selected 2 of the best AMF biofertilizer prototypes to test their effectiveness on organic cocoa plantations. The results showed the AMF biofertilizer prototype with spore’s carrier media volcanic sand and zeolite gave the viability of spores remained high after being stored for 1 month, reaching 91.78% and 90.67%. The effectiveness test on organic cocoa plantations showed that the AMF biofertilizer prototype with different spore-carrying media had no significant effect on the yield and yield components of organic cocoa beans, but AMF biofertilizer prototype with volcanic sand spore-carrying media tended to increase the yield and improves soil fertility. It was concluded that the AMF biofertilizer prototype with volcanic sand spore carrier media was the best prototype, but it is necessary to carry out tests at several locations to determine the consistency of the effect.
Assessing Paddy Field Health Using High-Resolution Multi-Spectral Camera in Subang Indonesia to Implement Precision Agriculture 4.0
Authors: The Rendy Ferixsen , Nurmansyah Ali , Sartiami Dewi , Weizheng Wilson Ong , Febriannaningsih Bernadetta Alnybera , Muhammad Faaris Hizba , Nur Farhan Alfian
Published: July 2023

Increasing yield and improving the sustainability of agriculture are needed through data-driven precision agriculture technology. Multispectral sensor measures the light reflected from the plant canopy and generates a reflectance value that indicates the difference between healthy and stressed plants. We use precision agriculture to assess paddy field health in Subang Regency, West Java, Indonesia, especially early detection of bacterial leaf blight and stem borer disease. The condition of the study area has a relatively flat topography, with the Grendel glutinous paddy variety, and has a late vegetative to early generative phase. The data was gathered using an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) fitted with a MicaSense Red Edge-P sensor to obtain multispectral images. We employed Normalized Difference Red Edge Index (NDRE) to create a health model and validated using 70 field sampling locations. As a result, accuracy detection was 90% hence the use of UAV technology can be used for early disease detection. We classified the paddy field as healthy and unhealthy in percentage through spectral analysis and data from validation. This research has proven that we could detect disease in paddy fields faster and more efficiently. Utilizing UAVs for precision agriculture will prevent crop failure and increase food security in Subang and Indonesia. However, the limitation of this study is weather conditions and should consider plant varieties.
The impact of microclimate on energy performance of office buildings within urban contexts located in a composite climate, the city of Indore
Authors: Patel Priya , Amalan Sigmund Kaushik S
Published: July 2023

The energy consumption and thermal performance of a building depend not only on the internal factors, geometry and orientation but also on the external microclimatic factors such as vegetation, solar radiation, air temperature, wind speed and wind direction. Further, it is also influenced by the surrounding built environment characteristics such as street geometry, buildings and surface characteristics. The main objective of the current research paper is to record the energy performance of office buildings within urban contexts, located in a composite climate, for instance, the city of Indore and to determine the influence of the external parameters on energy consumption of the built space so as to optimize the built environment factors and achieve low energy consumption. The current study involves the identification of two office buildings in Indore with different built environmental characteristics. Field measurements were carried out on street canyons along the south and west façades of the buildings and the impact of external microclimatic parameters and the surrounding built environment characteristics on energy consumption of the building was quantified in this study. It was found that the street geometry, H/W ratio, street orientation, building material, urban density and vegetation has significant effects on microclimate and energy consumption of the buildings.
Assessing the thermal performance of upcycled shipping container as a sustainable building material in a Warm humid climate
Authors: Oviya K , Shobana  , Amraotkar Sheetal
Published: July 2023

The current trends in the construction sector are responsible for majority of the CO2 emissions in India. The sustainable methods to reduce the CO2 emissions should include not just recycling but also upcycling the materials, for instance – shipping containers. Despite the industry’s best efforts to minimize waste generation, millions of shipping containers end up as scrap materials, every year. This phenomenon can be changed effectively by reusing the scrap materials as alternate building materials. The trend of reusing the shipping containers as building materials is at its peak in Western countries, while in India, it is still in a nascent stage. The aim of the current research paper is to evaluate and assess the thermal performance of upcycled shipping containers as a building material in warm humid climatic condition. This research includes a review of literature about the strengths and weaknesses of the shipping containers as a building material; it also compares and evaluates the thermal performance of uninsulated container buildings with base case conventional building and the insulated container building through Opaque simulation method. The results were obtained by comparing and assessing the thermal performance and cost of various insulating materials for a container building. The study outcomes greatly help the architects to reuse the shipping containers as a sustainable alternative building material in warm humid regions.
Energy saving potential of screen walls in high-rise residential buildings in hot and humid climates
Authors: Rajkumar Surya , Shanmuga Priya G
Published: July 2023

About 33% of the total energy produced, is consumed by the building sector. Especially, 75% of the energy gets utilized by the residential buildings within the building sector. The increased usage of air conditioning systems to cool the indoor environment in hot-humid climatic regions increases the energy requirements of residential buildings. To be specific, high-rise residential buildings are known to be highly energy intensive. It is possible to mitigate the heat transfer into the indoor environment in high-rise residential buildings by shading the opaque facades. Since mutual shading or shading by adjacent building may not be possible at all times for high-rise residential buildings, screen wall can be used to shade the buildings to reduce its energy requirements and provide thermal comfort for the occupants in the indoor environment. In this background, the aim of the current research work is to find out the embodied energy, involved in the implementation of screen wall, and its effectiveness in reducing the operational energy requirements for space cooling in high-rise residential buildings. The option of screen wall and its benefits over conventional building envelope are emphasized in this study through a simulation study. A bedroom in a high-rise residential building in Chennai was chosen for conducting the detailed analysis and the analysis was carried through simulation for one year. The research design includes the modelling of the selected residential building in IES-VE software and validating the results through field measurements. Energy saving analysis was conducted through simulation to determine the energy saved in space cooling by shading the opaque façades with screen wall. For one year, 7.88MWh energy reduction was attained from the installation of screen wall over opaque surfaces at the set indoor temperature i.e., 27°C for 8 hours during night time using air-conditioning. The embodied energy was calculated for the installation of metal sheet over opaque façade and for shading as screen wall and the outcomes were compared with the energy savings in space cooling with the application of screen wall. The payback period for the embodied energy of the screen wall installation was determined in terms of operational energy saved in space cooling through screen walls. The analysis revealed that the payback period is one year. Due to COVID-19 pandemic, people staying at indoors in residential buildings has increased up to 90% during day time, which in turn results in high energy demand. Screen wall acts as a skin for the buildings and shade entirely from the sun. It helps in reducing the energy usage for space cooling in residential buildings, which eventually reduces the carbon footprint.
Comparison analysis between the components of vernacular and modern architectures for sustainable housing in Niger State
Authors: Dada A D , Alibaba H Z
Published: July 2023

Modern architecture has its roots in the vernacular type. Globally, every cultural group has its own form of vernacular architecture, though the approach may vary from region to region and also among the individuals. The traditional and modern architectural styles in Minna Niger State, Nigeria are examined in this paper since these styles possess distinct climatic, economic, and socio-cultural practices. A typical vernacular architecture was sited at Tudun Fulani Extension whereas a typical modern architecture was sited at GidanMatasa. The study examined the buildings in terms of physical features, thermal comfort and cost analysis. EnergyPlus, a simulation program, was used in this study to assess and forecast the thermal comfort. To affirm, local construction materials were used to meet the housing demands without harming the environment. The study outcomes found that the traditional housing units outperformed the modern ones by a wide margin. The findings of the study revealed the following features as part of vernacular architecture such as the presence of a courtyard, vegetation, connection to nature and construction using natural materials. On the other hand, the modern architecture does not have any courtyards, inadequate vegetation and isolation from the nature. It is also constructed using the imported building materials, although the modern architecture enables the windows to be of large size. The findings also disclose that the vernacular architecture provides more thermal comfort than the modern architecture since the latter has a heavy heating load density i.e., 9,571 (Watt). This value is 50 percent more than the peak heating load of the traditional architectural structure i.e., 2,109 (Watt). Finally, the study was able to ascertain the high-cost implication of the modern architecture compared to vernacular architecture. Furthermore, the study also proved that the vernacular housing units are much better than the modern ones in terms of thermal comfort, usage of cost-effective and natural materials and the building’s thermal properties. The researcher recommends that the components of both vernacular and modern architecture must be properly integrated for the development of the sustainable homes in Northern Nigeria.
Recycling Plastic Waste into Construction Materials for Sustainability
Authors: Subha Pradha S , Saranya K
Published: July 2023

Plastic is omnipresent in the current global scenario and it is difficult to get rid of it completely. Therefore, a strategic plan is essential to recycle the plastic waste. According to the United Nations Environment Programme report, 400 million tons of single-use plastic waste gets generated globally on an annual basis, which amounts to 47 % of the total plastic waste. Out of this huge volume, only 9% of the plastic gets recycled worldwide. In India, 9,400 tons of plastic waste is either dumped in landfills or pollutes the streams and groundwater resources directly. On the other hand, the consumption of the raw materials by the construction sector is rapidly increasing across the globe. This results in the depletion of the natural resources, which in turn impacts the environment. The aim of the current study is to realise the significance of the recycled plastic building materials, leverage it to reduce the volume of plastic that reaches the landfills and address the problem of depleting natural resources. Globally, various techniques are used to recycle the plastic waste into construction materials. The prime objective of this study is to elaborate on various technologies and material types used in such processes. The method to be followed is to analyse various construction materials that use the recycled plastic on suitable parameters and their best possible usage for the construction of various structures in a gated community.
Utilization of ELVs in architecture and construction sector - An implication towards sustainability
Authors: Ramaraj Arulmalar , Selvaraj Catherine , Varadan Sanghavi Venkata
Published: July 2023

In a contemporary scenario, the ‘reduce, reuse, and recycle’ is extended to 10 ‘R’s as per the studies conducted earlier. Agriculture, industry, packing, transportation, human settlements and other sectors’ resources are either utilised as alternatives or partial substitutes in the construction industry. In current study, the authors investigate different applications of materials and components recovered or deconstructed from the End-of-Life Vehicles (ELV) in architecture and civil industries. The authors used thematic analysis in this study. The methods used in building the envelope and interiors and the manufacturing of construction materials were used to categorise the application of secondary resources, mined from the scrapped vehicles. The findings suggest that re-contextualizing the disassembled ELV components necessitates thinking skills that transcend the standard frames of reference and ways to convert the concepts into real-world situations. Upcycling or upgrading the secondary resources, derived from ELVs, to manufacture products for the construction sector is supported by interdisciplinary, multi-disciplinary or trans-disciplinary approaches.
Evaluating the influence of passive design techniques of warm and humid climate in a traditional building at Chennai
Authors: Karthikeyan Madhumitha , Kumaraguruparan Seetha Visalakshi
Published: July 2023

In recent years, traditional buildings have gained significant attention from a number of dwellers. In a country like India, a considerable part of the county experiences warm and humid weather and such tropical conditions pose a significant challenge from a sustainable perspective. The principles of vernacular architecture and its contribution to the world of architecture have evolved. While active and passive design strategies are the best possible solutions, taken up by architects to design the traditional buildings, the current research paper takes a context-driven passive design strategy to provide the best possible comfort for the inhabitants of warm and humid climates using a traditional building design. The study identified temperature, ventilation, materials and the construction techniques as the major factors that influence design strategies, which aim at providing thermal comfort to the users. In this study, a case building was evaluated through context-driven analysis. The data was collected through field study and surveys. Then, the collected data was consolidated and analysed. The findings reveal that spatial planning, materials and the construction techniques driven by the context altogether impact the environment positively.
Sustainable Management of Bio Medical Waste in Chennai: A case study
Authors: Suresh Kavitha , Ramamurthy Suresh
Published: July 2023

The aim of the current research article is to study various treatment techniques involved in the management of bio medical waste and select the most appropriate treatment method in terms of cost savings, energy recovery and waste volume reduction in a sustainable manner. Most of the HCF (Health Care Facilities) lacks the provision for on-site waste treatment facility. One of the major reasons might be the fear of high pollutant emission levels from multiple machines or equipment used in the treatment process. At times, it could be due to lack of sufficient space within the clinical premises. To overcome this situation, a minor amendment has to be introduced in the bio medical waste management rules 2016, which includes providing a suitable area necessary for medical waste treatment within the premises, during the construction stage itself. Further, the identification of appropriate treatment techniques based on the type of waste generated is also important. Even a primary HCF too should be equipped with the requisite treatment facilities, considering the emission levels to be within the standards. This sort of installing an on-site waste treatment facility will reduce the amount spent upon external agencies for disposal and treatment of the medical waste. Then, the leftover residue is securely landfilled in the dedicated site or even be liable to mix with the municipal solid garbage. The current study concludes that the implementation of one of the treatment techniques in a specific hospital helps in energy recovery, huge reduction in the volume of waste generation and avoids illegal dumping of the waste, thereby creating less impact on the surrounding environment.
A Comparative Analysis of Rating Systems for Sustainability in Built Environment
Authors: Munagala Lalitha , Jothilakshmy Dr N
Published: July 2023

The impact of rapid urbanization affected the quality of the environment globally. Apart from consuming 40% of energy 20% of water, the construction industry generates 30% of solid waste and 20% of wastewater which poses significant environmental change and affects the quality of life. In India, three primary rating systems, LEED, GRIHA & BEE, emerged with a holistic approach to achieving Sustainability in the built environment with a framework for healthy, highly efficient, minimal generation of non-degradable waste and cost-saving green buildings.

These rating systems can be adapted to both new and existing built environments. This paper is a part of the research study with broader objectives 1) to compare the rating systems and identify critical parameters 2). to identify the role in the adaptation of the rating system with/for local challenges and opportunities. 3) to discuss the potential role of rating systems in various stages of design, execution, operation and maintenance, on the whole- pre- and post-construction 4) To assist in preparing a tool to an ensemble that can satisfy three pillars of the Sustainability in built environment.

This paper discusses the credit system and certifications based on mandatory and optional criteria among the various rating systems. Only the first objective is addressed and briefly reported in this paper. The rating system may also be developed by including socio-economic and climatic aspects.
Exploring the existing scenario of Padipally Village
Authors: Manasa M , Ramaraj Arulmalar
Published: July 2023

Warangal is a satellite town in Hyderabad and is strategically located at 146 kms from Hyderabad. It is one of the oldest settlements from the Kakatiya dynasty and is well known for its natural water storage mechanisms. Warangal is often cited as a gateway to south India due to its connectivity through railways and is known as Tri-City since it comprises of Warangal, Kazipet, and Hanumakonda. The rural zones of these areas have been engulfed by the urban areas. The current study revolves around the new developmental activities that are happening within the peripheries of the urban areas, which are transforming due to the impacts generated in rural livelihoods. The intention of this research paper is to safeguard the agricultural practice in this region and analyze the growing prices of the land, which in turn exerts pressure on infrastructure in the peripheral area. The paper is an attempt to highlight these issues and the challenges faced during the process of transformation. For this study, the data was collected from various secondary resources, which revolve around balancing the infrastructure and the livelihood of the people. The findings highlight the plausible solutions that can be adopted in this region through the participation of various stakeholders with a thrust on sustainable development need to be facilitated.
Impact of green cover on improving outdoor thermal comfort in Urban Residential Clusters
Authors: Horrison Ebin , Stephi Henya
Published: July 2023

‘Urban Open Space' is an essential component of the urban landscape. “Green spaces” connect built structures to the outdoors through urban open spaces. Controlling the thermal conditions such as air temperature and radiation conditions in outdoor urban areas can help to modify microclimates. This study attempts to establish the importance of landscape by analyzing the various microclimate parameters and their impact on outdoor spaces. The focus of this research is to see how changing the landscape and green cover in an urban residential neighbourhood affects the microclimate in the selected locations. The onsite climatic data were collected using HOBO data loggers at the strategic locations, and the entire thermal comfort performance of the existing scenario was analysed using ENVI-met, and the performance of the existing scenario was then compared with the proposed scenario where the percentage of the green cover was increased. The research will contribute to a better understanding of the role of green cover in increasing thermal comfort in outdoor spaces of residential clusters. This will enable designers to incorporate outdoor thermal comfort as an important design constraint.
Anticipated transients without scram in an innovative power nuclear reactor of anomalously high power
Authors: Okunev V S
Published: July 2023

The article considers the possibility of creating a safe power reactor of anomalously high power. This may be relevant in the transition to large-scale safe and environmentally acceptable nuclear power. The safety justification is carried out based on mathematical modeling of the most dangerous emergency modes from among ATWS (anticipated transients without scram). With the use of a number of innovations (the UN-PuN-U cermets fuel used, a coolant based on lead with a high concentration of the 208Pb isotope, and tungsten fuel cladding), it was possible to ensure the safety of a fast reactor with an electric power of up to 3 GW. In contrast to previously proposed innovations, the article considers core layouts containing fuel pins with claddings made entirely of tungsten. Emergency modes are modeled approximately based on solving three groups of equations: a system of point kinetic equations, a non-stationary heat conduction equation, which, and a reactivity balance equation. The value of the void reactivity effect is estimated based on the solution of the gas-kinetic neutron transport equation. Reserves have been identified in further increasing the power and safety of the power reactor. They are associated with the optimization of the size of granules of ceramic and metal powders in the fuel composition.
The influence of granulated and rotted turkey manure on the productivity of perennial grasses
Authors: Buryak S M , Chernikova O V , Mazhayskiy Yu A
Published: July 2023

The article presents the results of researches about the influence of granulated and rotted turkey manure on the growth, development and productivity of perennial grasses, the quality of soddy-podzolic soil, newly introduced into agricultural circulation. The research results have showed that the most optimal application dose for obtaining high yields of perennial grasses and increasing soil fertility is 15 t/ha of granulated turkey manure.
Increasing the adaptive potential of tea plants with the use of growth regulators
Authors: Lagochina A G , Belous O G
Published: July 2023

The article discusses the possibility of using growth regulators on tea plantations. The accumulation of biologically active substances associated not only with the stability of plants, but also with the nutritional significance of raw materials has been revealed. Activation of synthetic processes is shown. Under the influence of growth regulators during a stressful period, dry matter accumulates more in the leaves; tannins and ascorbic acid, as elements of plant protection from stress. The yield of the plantation increases and the nutritional value increases due to an increase in ascorbic acid in the flushes. The study is aimed at establishing the possibility of increasing the adaptive potential of tea grown in the conditions of the North-Western Caucasus using growth regulators.
Integration of renewable energy sources into energy systems
Authors: Barykina Y N , Shao Y
Published: July 2023

The article analyzes the development trends for renewable energy sources in 2010-2021. The growing use of renewable energy sources in the global energy balance in developed and developing countries was revealed. The share of renewable sources in the production of electricity in 2021 was determined. The results presented in the form of approaches to the integration of renewable sources in order to replenish the production processes for the provision of energy services are based on an extensive assessment of scientific Russian and foreign literature. Integration of renewable energy sources will contribute to the sustainability of existing technologies and risk neutralization. The integrated approach will contribute to the interconnected provision of electricity, heat, cold and mobility
Preserving the biodiversity of Iridaceae family representatives in the Subtropical Scientific Centre of RAS
Authors: Ryndin A V , Slepchenko K V , Slepchenko N A , Pashchenko O I
Published: July 2023

This paper considers the issue of preserving biological diversity of Iridaceae family representatives in the FRC SSC of RAS. The research was carried out in the humid subtropical climate on the Black Sea coast of Krasnodar Territory. The objects of research were the following Iridaceae family representatives: Iris L., Crocus L., Gladiolus L., Freesia Eckl. ex Klatt, including cultivar samples from Russian and foreign breeding, as well as species of natural flora. Collectible samples are preserved and maintained in a living form, used both in scientific research, including introduction, breeding, technology, physiology and biochemistry, and for solving import substitution issues in such fields as floriculture and ornamental gardening. The paper presents data on grouping 358 Iris cultivar samples, including 35 cultivars bred by FRC SSC of RAS, as well as 139 promising hybrid forms, selected by the type of modified shoots (corms, bulbs, rhizomes). Iridaceae family representatives bloom from February to November in natural conditions and during the year when forced, they vary in plant height (from miniature to giant), can be used in landscaping (306 cultivar samples), as potted plants (74) and cut (259). In the course of the work carried out, it has been found that the climatic conditions of the research area are well suited for cultivation and scientific research on bulbotuberiferous, rhizomatous and bulbous plants from Iridaceae family, regardless of their origin and distribution area.
Peculiarities of formation of yield of green mass by crops of synthetic crop ×Trititrigia
Authors: Kvitko V E , Shshuklina O A , Langaeva N N , Alenicheva A D , Zavgorodniy S V
Published: July 2023

The article presents the results of studying the features of the growth and development of new lines of ×Trititrigia in comparison with the traditional fodder crop of winter rye under conditions of soddy-podzolic heavy loamy soils with a low supply of humus in 2018-2019. By the phase of milky ripeness, the height of plants of the trititrigia lines reached an average of 109–124 cm, in the winter rye variety Snegirevskaya 152 cm. t/ha When measuring the amount of dry matter in green fodder, 24.4-26.8 t/ha was obtained on trititrigia lines, and 26.8 t/ha on Snegirevskaya. A feature of trititrigia is its high regenerative capacity, due to which it is able to form an ear every time after mowing and throughout the entire growing season. This allows you to use the green mass in the autumn as a complete feed for animals.
Fauna of Lepidoptera on wetlands damaged by peat extraction and undisturbed by human: analysis and comparison (Nizhny Novgorod region, Russia)
Authors: Bakka S V , Kiseleva N Y , Bahtyurina L A , Shestakova A A , Matveeva A V
Published: July 2023

This paper aimed to compare the diversity and abundance of fauna of Lepidoptera on wetland sites damaged by peat extraction and remained in their natural state, which locate on the territory of the Ramsar wetland in the Nizhny Novgorod region. The surveys were curried out monthly in May–September 2021. We used methods of attracting moths to a white screen using mercury and ultraviolet lamps (5 nights per each study plot). Diurnal butterflies were being identified along pedestrian routes (total length – 11.4 km) during a day. Indices characterizing the α- and β-diversity of Lepidoptera were calculated. At both plots, we revealed the species diversity of Macrolepidoptera more than 70%. According to our results the abundance and diversity of Macrolepidoptera in the study plots seem to be the same. In the course of succession, after the complete destruction of peat bogs and forests on a site surrounded by intact communities, species abundance and diversity is rapidly restored and reaches a high level. The composition of faunas in the transformed and undisturbed plots differs significantly; the similarity in Jacquard is 44.7%. The ecological features of butterfly species recorded only on one of the study plots were evaluated. The role of the surveyed territories as habitats of rare and endangered butterfly species is shown as well.
Evolutionary analysis of the adaptive potential and productivity of winter wheat varieties in the Non-Chernozem zone of the Russian Federation
Authors: Levakova O V , Kostanyants M I
Published: July 2023

The article considers long-term studies (2013-2022), the purpose of which is to carry out an evolutionary assessment of the parameters of adaptability and productivity of winter soft wheat varieties created over the last twenty years that have undergone a variety change in the conditions of the Ryazan region and determine the vector of their selection change according to these parameters. As an object of research, 11 varieties related to the last stages of breeding work were used. It was revealed that modern varieties are superior in yield to varieties of earlier selection, regardless of external environmental conditions, and have the highest adaptability in the conditions of the region. Varieties released in the period 2013-2023 and being varieties of the modern generation (VI period), have an excess yield of 14.3% (0.8 t/ha), in comparison with the varieties of the previous selection of 2000-2011. (V period). Intervarietal yield variation reaches 15.7-16.5%, making a difference of 0.85-0.96 t/ha in favor of modern varieties. The limit of the minimum (by 21.3%) and maximum (by 10.7%) yields is higher for new varieties. According to the obtained maximum yield (more than 9.50 t/ha), varieties Galateya and Boyarka stood out. Varieties of the modern generation have a significant advantage: in realizing the yield potential (by 16.8%) and its smaller variation (by 1.7%) over the years of research; in terms of adaptability to the region of cultivation and manifested environmental stress factors, manifested in an increase in the index of variety stability (IS = 2.3), an indicator of the level of variety stability (VSS = 147.9%), adaptability coefficient (C.A.> 1.0) and evenness coefficient (B=71.2%). Winter wheat varieties of the new generation Viola, Danae, Felicia, Galateya, Anfisa, Boyarka and Ivita are presented as more productive and adaptive to the conditions of the region.
On the main parameters of renewal felling in the north-taiga forest region of the European part of the Russian Federation
Authors: Surina E A , Minin N S , Vaskin S A , Makarov S S
Published: July 2023

The article discusses the results of studies in mature and overmature pine, larch and spruce forests of the green moss group of forest types (more than 80), passed through renewal felling in the north-taiga forest region of the European part of the Russian Federation. The results of the research were obtained on the basis of observation materials in the period from 1999-2022. Works were carried out to study the felling parameters to assess the forest plantations passed through the renewal felling: forest type, soil conditions, age, tree stand structure, composition and age, availability of seed sources, presence of undergrowth and young generation of economically valuable species, as well as changes in taxation indicators. It is advisable to carry out renewal cuttings in mature and overmature stands, thereby catching up with natural decay in order to create the necessary conditions for good growth and formation of a forest stand. One of the options may be the creation of forest plantations of such a composition, density, which could provide the best performance in terms of the main quantitative and qualitative characteristics.
Accumulation of chemical elements in bivalve molluscs under conditions of changes in their content in the aquatic environment under anthropogenic impact
Authors: Klishko O K
Published: July 2023

In the course of the study, an analysis of the ecological situation in the region was carried out, taking into account the influence of various anthropogenic factors on the environment. The authors analyzed the accumulation and concentration of chemical elements in bivalve mollusks, which were collected in water bodies of the analyzed territory. As a result of the study, it was revealed that the concentration of chemical elements in water is steadily increasing under the influence of various kinds of pollution that have a negative impact on the biotic component of aquatic ecosystems.
Modern agro-climatic resources of Kazakhstan and Central Asia
Authors: Nazarenko N N , Panina M V , Sherstobitov Y V
Published: July 2023

The article considers the agro-climatic resources of the Republic of Kazakhstan and Central Asia for the period from the beginning of the XXI century to 2021. The spatial distribution of the sums of precipitation during the active vegetation period, the sums of active temperatures and HTC in eastern Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, Kyrgyzstan and southeastern Kazakhstan was studied. Calculated indicators for the allocation of agro-climatic zones of the flat part of Kazakhstan and Central Asia. The zoning of the heat supply during the active vegetation period according to the sums of active temperatures (above 10°C), moisture content according to the sums of precipitation during the active vegetation period, the Selyaninov State Customs Committee, the humidification coefficient (HC), which also takes into account the precipitation of the cold period of the year, was carried out. For the flat territory of Kazakhstan and Central Asia, the nature of the latitudinal and meridional strike of zones and their conditional boundaries is considered. For the study area, 20 agro-climatic zones of heat supply during the period of active vegetation and moisture supply during the year were determined.