bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dynamic Behavior and Stability Analysis of Automatic Voltage Regulator with Parameter Uncertainty
Authors: Gopi Pasala , Srinivasa Varma Pinni , Sai Kalyan Ch Naga , Ravikumar C. V. , Srinivasulu Asadi , Bohara Bhimsingh , Rajesh A. , Ab Wahab Mohd Nadhir , Sathish K.
Published: January 2023

This research article describes a novel optimization technique called simulink design optimization (SDO) to compute the optimal PID coefficients for an automatic voltage regulator (AVR). The time-domain performance of the proposed controller was analyzed using MATLAB/Simulation, and its performance was compared with that of water cycle algorithm, genetic algorithm, and local unimodal sampling algorithm-based PID controllers. The robustness of the proposed controller was verified by applying the disturbances to the generator field voltage and the amplifier parameter uncertainty. The studies presented in literature were discussed the AVR loop stability using the Bode plot which will not give the minimum stability margins. This study proposes a novel stability analysis called disk-based stability analysis to authenticate the stability of the AVR loop which is obtained by the classical analysis. This stability was compared with the proposed stability analysis. The MATLAB results reveal that the SDO-PID controller regulates the terminal voltage of the generator precisely, is more robust to parameter uncertainty, and is more stable than the other controllers. The maximum allowable parameter uncertainty of the amplifier model was identified as 102% of its nominal parameters. The stability margins are recognized as DGM = 10.40 dB and DPM = 56.50° for the AVR stability.
Research on Energy and Instability Criterion of Sandstone Hydraulic Fracturing in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area, Chongqing, China
Authors: Tang Xiaojun , Yang Hongwei
Published: January 2023

At present, the understanding of structural failure and energy analysis of sandstone under hydrofracture is still insufficient. This time, we selected the sandstone in Chongqing Three Gorges Reservoir Area as the main analysis object to discuss and compare the characteristics of conventional uniaxial (triaxial) compression strength test and uniaxial (triaxial) compression hydraulic fracturing strength test and conduct instability analysis from the perspective of energy. Based on the mechanical characteristics and parameters about the uniaxial (triaxial) compressive strength test and uniaxial (triaxial) compressive hydrofracture strength test, we focus on the analysis of the evolution rules of the hydraulic pressure-strain curve, analyzing the criteria of crack expanding and instability by using energy principle. According to the viewpoint of fracture mechanics, the fracture morphology and failure type of sandstone under hydrofracture were discussed. The test results show that the deformation evolution rules of rock hydrofracture can be divided into four stages, including the characteristics of pore fissure water injection stage (OA), the elastic deformation stage (AB), the volume expansion stage (BC), and global rupture stage (CD). Using the P/C modulus (the ratio of hydraulic pressure and cohesive force, abbreviated as P/C), the ability of hydraulic pressure overcoming cohesive force can be evaluated during hydrofracture. Using energy variables (expressed by

E

k

) about crack expanding from beginning to end, the unexpanded state, critical state, unstable state, and unstable failure of crack can be estimated. There is an interaction between tensile deformation and shear deformation from the crack initial stage to crack expanding stage.
AMPK Phosphorylates ZDHHC13 to Increase MC1R Activity and Suppress Melanomagenesis
Authors: Sun Yu , Li Xin , Yin Chengqian , Zhang Judy , Liang Ershang , Wu Xianfang , Ni Ying , Arbesman Joshua , Goding Colin R. , Chen Shuyang
Published: January 2023

Inherited genetic variations in the melanocortin-1 receptor (MC1R) responsible for human red hair color (RHC) variants are associated with impaired DNA damage repair and increased melanoma risk. MC1R signaling is critically dependent on palmitoylation, primarily mediated by the protein acyltransferase zinc finger DHHC-type palmitoyltransferase 13 (ZDHHC13). A better understanding of how ZDHHC13 is physiologically activated could help identify approaches to prevent melanomagenesis in redheads. Here, we report that AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) phosphorylates ZDHHC13 at S208 to strengthen the interaction between ZDHHC13 and MC1R-RHC, leading to enhanced MC1R palmitoylation in redheads. Consequently, phosphorylation of ZDHHC13 by AMPK increased MC1R-RHC downstream signaling. AMPK activation and MC1R palmitoylation repressed UVB-induced transformation of human melanocytes in vitro and delayed melanomagenesis in vivo in C57BL/6J-MC1R-RHC mice. The importance of AMPK to MC1R signaling was validated in human melanomas where AMPK upregulation correlated with expression of factors downstream from MC1R signaling and with prolonged patient survival. These findings suggest AMPK activation as a promising strategy to reduce melanoma risk, especially for individuals with red hair.

Significance:

Phosphorylation of ZDHHC13 by AMPK at S208 promotes MC1R activation and suppresses melanocyte transformation, indicating activation of AMPK as a potential approach to prevent melanoma in people with red hair.
Patient-Centered Care Could Improve Quality of Life and Survival of Dialysis Patients: Dialysis Prescription and Daily Practice
Authors: Masakane Ikuto , Ito Minoru , Tanida Hideki , Nawano Takaaki
Published: January 2023

We now face a paradigm shift in clinical practice and research of dialysis from evidence-based medicine outcomes to patient-reported outcomes (PROs). It is imperative to establish a daily practice pattern based on the PROs, namely “patient-centered dialysis care.” In 2005, we introduced the concept of “patient-oriented dialysis,” which includes two fundamental components; adjustment of the dialysis prescription according to the PROs and nutritional intervention based on the global nutritional assessment. Routine examinations and team meetings were held to monitor the status of PROs and nutrition, and intervention plans were reevaluated. We found that the total score of the PROs was closely related to the survival rate of dialysis patients, and some of those were identified as independent mortality risk factors. These results might have shown that patient-centered dialysis care may improve the quality of life and the survival rate of dialysis patients. Polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) is a unique synthetic membrane for a dialyzer with protein adsorption property and biocompatibility. Several clinical advantages of PMMA were reported as ameliorating inflammatory status, nutritional status, skin itchiness, and dialysis-related fatigue. PMMA is a fundamental and major choice for improving PROs in patient-centered dialysis care.
Peritoneal Dialysis Exit-Site Care Protocols in Portugal and Its Association with Catheter-Related Infections
Authors: Ferreira Ana Carina , Fernandes Vasco , Rodrigues Anabela , Abreu Cristina Pinto , Pereira Marta , Guedes Anabela Malho , Gomes Ana Marta , Cabrita António , Soares Carlos , Pego Cátia , Ferrer Francisco , Bernardo Idalécio , Fernandes João Carlos , Assunção José , Oliveira Luís , Amoedo Manuel , Carvalho Maria João , Branco Patrícia , Maia Pedro , Chorão Raquel , Castro Rui , Silva Rui , Sousa Tânia , Mendes Teresa ,   on behalf of Peritoneal Dialysis’ Study Group of the Portuguese Society of Nephrology
Published: January 2023

Introduction: Exit-site infection (ESi) prevention is a key factor in lowering the risk of peritonitis. This study aimed to evaluate the associations between exit-site (ES) care protocols and the annual incidence rates of ESi and peritonitis in Portugal. Methods: We performed a national survey using two questionnaires: one about the incidence of catheter-related infections and the other characterizing patients’ education and ES care protocols. Results: In 2017 and 2018, 14 Portuguese units followed 764 and 689 patients. ESi incidence rate was 0.41 episodes/year, and the peritonitis incidence rate was 0.37. All units monitor catheter-related infections on a yearly basis, use antibiotic prophylaxis at the time of catheter placement, and treat nasal carriage of S. aureus, although with different approaches. Screening for nasal carriage of S. aureus is performed by 12 units, and daily topical antibiotic cream is recommended by 6 out of 14 of the units. We did not find statistical differences in ESi/peritonitis, comparing these practices. The rate of ESis was lower with nonocclusive dressing immediately after catheter insertion, bathing without ES dressing, with the use of colostomy bags in beach baths and was higher with the use of bath sponge. The peritonitis rate was lower with bathing without ES dressing and if shaving of the external cuff was performed in the presence of chronic ESi. Conclusions: We found potential proceedings associated with ESi and peritonitis. A regular national audit of peritoneal dialysis units is an important tool for clarifying the best procedures for reduction of catheter-related infections.
Internalized Stigma in Hidradenitis Suppurativa: A Multicenter Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Bilgic Aslı , Fettahlıoglu Karaman Bilge , Demirseren Duriye Deniz , Cınar Levent , Kacar Nida , Türel Ermertcan Aylin , Bulbul Baskan Emel , Güven Münevver , Yazici Serkan , Özkök Akbulut Tugba , Ucmak Derya , Ataseven Arzu , Temiz Selami Aykut , Engin Burhan , Şikar Aktürk Aysun , Sarıcaoğlu Hayriye , güler özden Müge , özdemir Hilal , Mammadli Kifayet , Durmaz Koray , Gülbaşaran Fatmagül , Kılınc Fadime , Kaya Özden Hatice , Gönülal Melis , Didar Balcı Didem , Çevirgen Cemil Bengü , Sarıkaya Solak Sezgi , Baykal Selçuk Leyla , Özaydın Yavuz Göknur , Yavuz İbrahim Halil , Dönmez Levent , Alpsoy Erkan
Published: January 2023

Background: Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) causes significant physical, social, and psychological burdens. Internalized stigma, acceptance of negative attitudes and stereotypes of society regarding a person’s illness, has not been studied previously in HS. Objectives: The objective of this study was to investigate the internalized stigma state of HS patients and identify the factors affecting it. Methods: This multicenter, prospective, cross-sectional study included 731 patients. Internalized Stigma Scale (ISS), Hurley staging, Physician Global Assessment, Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI), Skindex-16, Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II), and Visual Analog Scale (VAS)-pain score were used in the study. Results: The mean ISS value (57.50 ± 16.90) was comparable to the mean ISS values of studies in visible dermatological and various psychiatric diseases. A significant correlation was found between the mean values of ISS and all disease activity scores, quality of life measures, BDI-II, and VAS-pain scores. Obesity, family history, low education and income level, vulva/scrotum involvement and being actively treated are significant and independent predictive factors for high internalized stigma in multivariate analysis. Conclusions: HS patients internalize society’s negative judgements, which may create a profound negative effect on access to health care. Therefore, in addition to suppressing disease activity, addressing internalized stigma is fundamental for improving health care quality.
Acute Generalized Exanthematous Pustulosis: Clinical Characteristics, Pathogenesis, and Management
Authors: Stadler Pia-Charlotte , Oschmann Anna , Kerl-French Katrin , Maul Julia-Tatjana , Oppel Eva Maria , Meier-Schiesser Barbara , French Lars Einar
Published: January 2023

Background: Acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis (AGEP) is a potentially severe adverse cutaneous drug reaction, which typically occurs within 24–48 h after the intake of the culprit drug. Summary: AGEP is characterized by numerous sterile subcorneal pustules on erythematous skin and in less than a third of cases it can be associated with organ manifestations possibly leading to life-threatening symptoms (e.g., cholestasis, nephritis, and lung and bone marrow involvement). In contrast to generalized pustular psoriasis, it can involve mucosal regions and typically resolves rapidly if the culprit drug is removed, and adequate therapy with topical or systemic steroids administered. Diagnosis based on patient history, clinical signs, and characteristic cutaneous histology is rarely challenging. Identification of the culprit drug may be aided by patch testing or lymphocyte transformation tests that are of limited value. Key Messages: Recent experimental data reviewed herein are supportive of an early role of drug-induced innate immune activation and innate cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-1, IL-36, and IL-17 in the pathogenesis of AGEP. This explains the rapid onset and neutrophilic character of the cutaneous inflammation, but also provides new avenues for in vitro tests aimed at better identifying the culprit drug.
Status distribution and factors affecting the habitat selection by Sambar Deer Rusa unicolor in Pench Tiger Reserve, Madhya Pradesh, India
Authors: Haleem Abdul , Ilyas Orus
Published: January 2023

Sambar Rusa unicolor is one of the deer species distributed throughout the Indian subcontinent. The species has been listed as ‘Vulnerable’ on the IUCN Red List since 2008, and Schedule I Part A of the Indian Wildlife Protection Act, 1972. Populations have declined throughout its distribution range. This study aims to investigate the status, distribution, and habitat selection of Sambar in Pench Tiger Reserve, Madhya Pradesh, India. Fifteen line transects of 2-km length were laid in five different habitats. Data were collected during the winter and summer seasons during 2013 and 2015. Transects were traversed morning and evening and eight replicates were made on each transect, for a total of 1,232 km survey effort. The overall density of Sambar was 3.7 individuals per km2, and the group density 1.4 groups per km2. During the summer 113 individual Sambar were observed, and in winter only 80 individuals were observed. Male:female sex ratio was calculated as 100:59 in winter, and 100:56 in summer. Indirect evidence was also collected to supplement the direct sightings for analysis of habitat use. Ten-meter circular plots were laid on all 15 transects at an interval of 200 m between two plots. Principal component analysis and logistic regression were performed to understand the habitat use of this species during summer, post-monsoon, and winter seasons using pellet groups. The logistic regression model showed an efficiency of 97% correct classification during post-monsoon, 67% in winter, and 66% in summer.
First record of the genus Acropyga Roger, 1862 (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Formicinae) in Kerala, India
Authors: Merin Elizabeth George  , Gopalan Prasad
Published: January 2023

This is the first record of the ant genus Acropyga from Kerala, India. The ant was collected as a part of the research collections done in the Rosemala region of the Shendurney Wildlife Sanctuary, Kerala, India. The worker, male and queen ants have been described here. A detailed description, distribution, ecological notes, and images are also provided.
Long-term monitoring of pelicans in National Chambal Sanctuary, India
Authors: Singh Lala A.K. , Sharma Rishikesh K.
Published: January 2023

Monitoring of Gharial Gavialis gangeticus in National Chambal Sanctuary (NCS) since 1983 has resulted in collection of data on other ecological associates, located between 25.8474–26.4389 0N, 76.5645–79.2132 0E. One such beneficiary of this long term monitoring program are the pelicans, locally called ‘Hawaseel’. Pelican species visiting Chambal from November to March include the Dalmatian Pelecanus crispus, Great White Pelecanus onocrotalus, and Spot-billed Pelecanus philippensis. Species-wise separation of pelicans at the sites of congregation is often difficult.  The total number of pelicans counted during the annual census from 2003 to 2016 was 4,429. The study area extends over 435 km comprising 12 study zones, 99% counts were made in the study zones X, XI and XII. These zones stretch over 115 km that occur near the confluence of Chambal with river Yamuna.  Here, the river is deep. Other large birds seen with the pelican squadrons are groups of Cormorant Phalacrocorax carbo, Painted Stork Mycteria leucocephala, Nakta or Comb Duck Sarkidiornis melanotos, and the Greylag Goose Anser anser. Other large birds seen on the riverbanks were the Common Crane Grus grus, Sarus Crane Grus antigon, Greater Flamingo Phoenicopterus species, and Demoiselle Crane Grus virgo. The study provides a baseline about the population of pelicans and the availability of large wetland birds in NCS. The biodiversity significance of NCS got highlighted because of the ongoing gharial conservation programme. The Chambal River Sanctuary is a composite unit of several un-notified ‘core areas’. The sanctuary fulfills six of the nine criteria for possible consideration as an international Ramsar Wetland.
Floristic diversity of native wild ornamental plants of Aravalli Hill Range: a case study from district Rewari, Haryana, India
Authors: Bansal Pradeep , Rao Amrender Singh , Yadav Surender Singh , Bhandoria M.S. , Dash S.S.
Published: January 2023

Ornamental plants are important constituent of floristic diversity which beautify and glorify our surroundings. They add a positive attitude to life, intensify the feeling of happiness, and enhance the economic value of the estate. There has been a growing trend promoted by environmentalists, ecologists, and horticulturalists toward the inclusion of new wild ornamental plants (WOPs) for minimising their maintenance costs and enhancing their survival rate. The current study inventorised the floristic diversity of native WOPs of the Aravalli Hill Range of Haryana State. Researchers recorded 88 native WOPs species belonging to 40 plant families. Asteraceae and Poaceae are the most dominant families, contributing seven species each followed by Fabaceae and Malvaceae with six species each. The habit wise distribution of native WOPs from the Aravalli hill ranges depicted that herbaceous types of plants are dominant with 53.4 % followed by trees (18.2 %), climbers (14.8 %), and shrubs (11.4%). These native WOPs were found suitable for various ornamental purposes which ranges from the garden, potted, medicinal, lawn cover, avenue tree, hedge/fencing, edible, religious/ ceremonial, road dividers, cacti, succulent, and indoor foliage. The current study documented four plants, viz., Argyreia cuneata (Willd.) Ker Gawl., Boswellia serrata Roxb. ex Colebr., Pulicaria wightiana (DC.) C.B.Clarke, and Rivea hypocrateriformis (Desr.) Choisy. endemic to the Indian subcontinent. Blumea lacera (Burm.f.) DC., Cleome viscosa L., Saccharum spontaneum L., and Triumfetta rhomboidea Jacq. were reported to have somewhat invasive potential in this region. Further, it is also suggested to introduce some potential native WOPs into domestication by florists, horticulturists, nurserymen, and municipal authorities for the protection, conservation, and perpetuation of these plants to minimize the use of foreign floral species to control the further spread of alien plants.
Status of Swamp Deer Rucervus duvaucelii duvaucelii (G. Cuvier, 1823) in grassland-wetland habitats in Dudhwa Tiger Reserve, India
Authors: Rastogi Sankarshan , Bista Ashish , Pathak Sanjay Kumar , Gupta Mudit , Chanchani Pranav
Published: January 2023

Swamp Deer is an endemic species of the Indian subcontinent, mainly inhabiting tall grasslands in river floodplains. Populations of the northern subspecies (Rucervus duvaucelii duvaucelii), restricted to the Terai regions of northern India and western Nepal, have undergone dramatic declines over the past two─three decades. In this communication, we present results from systematic population counts conducted in Dudhwa Tiger Reserve between 2021─2022. These counts were conducted at 11 sites, each with two─three independent observers. The exercises covered summer, monsoon, post-monsoon, and winter seasons. We found the largest congregations of Swamp Deer in June during the summer and February in winter. In the monsoon months of July─September the Swamp Deer tend to use Sal woodlands along with farmlands adjoining the reserve edge. This is part of an ongoing research project on long-term monitoring and conservation of the threatened alluvial grasslands of the central Terai in Uttar Pradesh, India. Institutionalizing these monitoring practices for frontline forest staff is essential for understanding long-term population dynamics of the threatened Swamp Deer to develop conservation protocols for grasslands and their fauna.
Pietism, the Brethren Movement, and the Globalization of Evangelical Christian Practice
Authors: DeBernardi Jean
Published: January 2023

This paper explores the influence of Pietism on the radical evangelical Christian movement known as the Open Brethren movement. In the 1830s, Anthony Norris Groves (1795–1853) met with German Lutheran missionary Karl Rhenius in India and praised his methods, which included support for indigenous Christian leaders and the independent churches that they led. Karl Gützlaff promoted similar methods in China and influenced wealthy London Brethren to found the China Evangelization Society (CES) in 1850. The CES founders also took the Moravians as a model, noting that a single congregation had launched a global missionary movement that had perpetuated itself from generation to generation. Although they had no formal relationship with the Moravian United Brethren, the Open Brethren knew of their work and that of Pietist institutions like the Francke Foundations both through personal contacts and publications. This paper utilizes the concept of “ensampling” to analyze the ways that Open Brethren founders modeled their work on practices that Pietist missionaries and philanthropists had developed in the long eighteenth century.
Immersed in Dependency: American Missionaries, Empires, and India in the 1830s
Authors: Lenz Darin D.
Published: January 2023

In March of 1831, three American missionary families commenced service with the American Marathi Mission in Bombay. In just over three years, half of the party had died, and the survivors set sail for America. Their story is like what happened to many American missionaries at the end of the long eighteenth century who sought to expand the empire of Christ. From their voyage on the high seas to their everyday life in Bombay, they were confronted by their various states of dependence. Forced to reckon with unfamiliar social, cultural, economic, and political realities, they struggled on the margins of Anglo-Indian society. This article explores the uneasy relationship between American missionaries, who were acutely aware of their dependency on others as colonial interlopers, and the maritime empires they encountered.
Finding Common Ground: Halle Pastors in North America and Their Shifting Stance Towards a Transnational Mission to Native Americans, 1742–1807
Authors: Berger Markus
Published: January 2023

While Heinrich Melchior Mühlenberg and his pastor colleagues from Halle have gone down in history for their pioneering work – organizing the Lutheran Church on North American soil – they are not known for missionary projects to Native Americans. This article examines how things changed after a second generation of Halle pastors arrived in Pennsylvania in the 1760s. It was, above all, down to Mühlenberg’s later son-in-law Johann Christoph Kunze, who had a rather different view on America’s indigenous people. During his whole lifespan in America, Kunze pursued his goal of establishing a mission to Native Americans. This engagement contributed to a paradigm shift in the Lutheran Church. In contrast to Mühlenberg and the first generation of Halle pastors, Kunze sought transnational support that was no longer exclusively centered in Halle’s Glaucha Institutions but based on pan-Protestant, maritime networks.
Ommatoiulus ktarii, a new millipede from Tunisia and considerations on the taxonomy of the genus (Diplopoda, Julida, Julidae)
Authors: AKKARI NESRINE , REIP HANS
Published: January 2023

A new millipede, Ommatoiulus ktarii sp. nov., is here described from Tunisia based on relatively recently collected specimens from the semi-arid area of the plain of Oueslatia. A description of the external morphology and gonopod structures are provided, proving the new species to be most similar to the only hitherto known schizophyllinine from Libya, Ommatoiulus rimosus (Karsch, 1881) described more than 140 years ago. Photographs of the gonopods of all Tunisian Ommatoiulus Latzel, 1884 species are provided.
A replacement name for Nemophora divina Diakonoff, 1951 (Lepidoptera: Adelidae), a secondary junior homonym of Nemophora divina (Caradja, 1939)
Authors: KOZLOV MIKHAIL V.
Published: January 2023

Caradja (1939) described a fairy moth (Lepidoptera: Adelidae) species, Nemotois divina, from Ho Shan, Shanxi province of China. The genus Nemotois Hübner [1825] is a junior subjective synonym of the genus Nemophora Hoffmannsegg, 1798 (Fletcher 1929; Janse 1945; Jacobs 1949; Diakonoff 1951; Powell 1969; Nielsen 1980), and the combination Nemophora divina (Caradja, 1939) was first proposed by Kozlov (1997). This action made Nemophora divina Diakonoff, 1951, described from Indonesia, a secondary junior homonym of Nemophora divina (Caradja, 1939). No synonyms are known for this junior homonym; therefore, a new replacement name is proposed according to ICZN (1999: Art. 60.3). This name is based on the same holotype as the replaced name (ICZN 1999: Art. 72.7).
Solid Phase Fusion: A Simple and Eco-Friendly Modification Strategy for Li1.2Ni0.2Mn0.6O2Li-Rich Cathode Materials
Authors: Li Xiangnan , Zhang Huishuang , Zhou Qibin , Li Junyi , Ge Ming , Dong Hongyu , Yin Yanhong , Yang Shuting
Published: January 2023

Li-rich cathode materials, with promising specific capacity, have attracted continued research attention. However, when charged to a high voltage, the materials experience rapid capacity decline and transition metal ion dissolution over the long cycle of the battery. In this work, fast ion conductor modified Li[Li0.2Ni0.2Mn0.6]O2(LLNM), as a Li-rich cathode material, has been effectively synthesized by the solid phase fusion technology (SFT). Typically, the structural transformation, metal ion dissolution and interface side reactions with the electrolyte are efficiently suppressed by the NaNbO3modified layer. The modified cathode materials exhibit optimal cycling stability with an initial discharge capacity of 186.8 mA h g−1and merely 0.22 V voltage fading after 200 cycles at 1 C. And this material shows better high and low temperature electrochemical performances. Moreover, SFT is an eco-friendly method, which is suitable for large scale synthesis, and shows good commercial perspective.
Polylactic Glycolic Acid-Based Nano Artificial Bone Stent Loaded with Recombinant Human Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2 and Its Performance
Authors: Wang Wei , Liu Yi , Wan Hao , Zeng Liangping , Peng Zongli , Yang Dandan , Tian Kun
Published: January 2023

Pearl layer/polylactic glycolic acid (PLGA) stent and recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2) were prepared. Its biocompatibility and osteoblast activity were discussed, and it was applied in the clinical repair of skull defect. Firstly, phase separation/salting out
load were adopted to compound different proportions of PLGA and pearl layer powder in different proportions. Besides, PLGA-based nano composite stent was prepared. The physical property synthesized by pearl layer and PLGA in different proportions was detected. The nano stent with the best
mechanical performance was selected to load rhBMP-2 and analyze its release characteristics in vitro. The material was soaked in MC3T3-E1 cell solution and then analyze its cell activity. A 5 mm critical bone defect model of rat skull was established and the material was implanted into
rat skull defect area. At different time periods, cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) was employed to observe the repair effect of the material on defect areas. The results showed that the prepared PLGA-based nano composite stent showed three-dimensional porous structure, porosity reaching
above 80%. When the ratio of pearl layer/PLGA was 7:5, it showed good mechanical strength. The release rate of load rhBMP-2 based on the ratio was accelerated in the first 7 days. In contrast, it gradually became stable after 7 days. The relative proliferation rate of cell solution in the
material was over 90% during 7 days. The cytotoxicity is low and the material extract could induce MC3T3-E1 cell differentiation. Under electron microscope, the combination of rhBMP-2/pearl layer/PLGA and autogenous bone showed good effects.
Silver Nanowires (Ag NWs) Enhance the Biological Activity of Paclitaxel Against Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Li Bao-Ping , Yin Xiao-Chao
Published: January 2023

In this paper, three kinds of silver nanowires (Ag NWs) with various specifications were acquired from one-pot polyol synthesis method. The sizes of the as-synthesized Ag NWs 1–3 can be controlled and high purity and yield can be obtained by changing the crystallization
time and reaction temperature, providing a new synthesis approach for designing and synthesizing Ag NWs with the required morphology and size. Furthermore, the obtained samples of Ag NWs were characterized by scannine electron microscopy and X-ray diffractometry. The enhancement of Ag NWs
1–3 on paclitaxel against ovarian cancer was examined, and the associated mechanism was also investigated.
A computational method for determining the linear elastic properties of 2D aperiodic lattice structures
Authors: Imediegwu Chikwesiri , Grimm Uwe , Moat Richard , Jowers Iestyn
Published: January 2023

This paper develops a framework for determining the linear elastic properties of non-periodic lattice structures. An element-based material assignment methodology is implemented that facilitates the generation and analyses of arbitrary patterns on a structured mesh. An adapted numerical homogenization strategy features the inclusion of a homogenized region in the neighbourhood of the domain boundary that validates the implementation of periodic boundary conditions for an arbitrary finite patch of a periodic or non-periodic lattice structure. To demonstrate the method, the linear elastic properties of an aperiodic lattice pattern based on the Penrose (P3) pattern is evaluated. Such a structure exhibits order without translational symmetry and consequently lacks a repeating unit cell. The isotropic performance of the aperiodic lattice structure is investigated and compared to that of the well-known square periodic lattice. The framework opens the door to the investigation and analyses of other novel cellular structures which are not based on a repeating unit cell. Additive manufacturing facilitates the physical realization of such lattice structures, presenting them as viable alternatives to conventional periodic structures in the aerospace and bio-engineering industries.
A multi-layer network security system to enhance autonomous mobile carrier in smart manufacturing system
Authors: Syue Jia-Hong , Chen Shang-Liang
Published: January 2023

Nowadays, wireless communication technology is widely used and accepted by industry to improve the flexibility and efficiency of smart factories. The Wi-Fi 6 high-speed communication technology is integrated into the autonomous mobile carrier (AMC) in this research to make it possible for interacting with many other machines at the same time with high transmission speed, high reliability, and low packet loss ratio. The indoor positioning accuracy of autonomous mobile carrier is enhanced by Ultra-wideband (UWB) technology, so that it can then move and complete multi-station automation processing tasks more smoothly. Finally, a multi-layer network system with security function to protect all the equipment in the manufacturing environment is proposed and developed in this research. The threats that may come with the use of wireless network technology can then be avoided. In this research, an overall system framework with multi-layer network security mechanism is developed and introduced into the autonomous mobile carrier, and the enhanced autonomous mobile carrier is applied into a manufacturing field for performance test. The results show that the enhanced autonomous mobile carrier can maintain positioning accuracy within ±100 mm, wireless network packet transmission latency rate less than 5 ms, and wireless network packet transmission loss rate less than 1%. It shows that this autonomous mobile carrier system benefits from UWB and Wi-fi 6 communication technology and has a very high potential for realizing smart manufacturing applications.
Decomposition of trajectory errors caused by flexibility outside the control loop based on the frequency-domain machine tool mechatronics model
Authors: Zhan Chengpeng , Yang Lei , Yang Xiao , Liu Hui , Zhang Huijie , Zhao Wanhua
Published: January 2023

Under high-speed and high-acceleration conditions, flexibility outside the control loop (FOCL) is one of the critical incentives for trajectory errors (TEs). Because the FOCL will deform and vibrate under the action of inertial forces, which leads to TEs. FOCL contains multiple components, and the contribution of each component to TE needs to be evaluated. This paper first proposes a frequency domain dynamic model-based multi-axis machine tool trajectory tracking simulation method and a FOCL-induced TE decomposition method. Then using the proposed methods, quantitatively evaluates the contribution of different components of FOCL to TE caused by FOCL and discusses the dominant influencing factors. The mechatronics model of the machine tool is established in the frequency domain. This allows the lead screw to be equivalent to the spectral beam element, which is generated using the exact solution of the governing differential equations and can describe the lead screw’s higher-order dynamics with fewer degrees of freedom. The TE of the test trajectory is calculated using a setpoint-trajectory-based numerical method. Using this method, the calculated TEs have the same reference and can be directly subtracted to achieve TE separation. Hence, the decomposition of TE caused by FOCL can be achieved by further calculating the TE of the tool center point (TCP) trajectory that only considers part of the FOCL components and subtracting it from the TE of the feedback trajectory.
The Application of Morphogo in the Detection of Megakaryocytes from Bone Marrow Digital Images with Convolutional Neural Networks
Authors: Wang Xiaofen , Wang Ying , Qi Chao , Qiao Sai , Yang Suwen , Wang Rongrong , Jin Hong , Zhang Jun
Published: January 2023

The evaluation of megakaryocytes is an important part of the work up on bone marrow smear examination. It has significance in the differential diagnosis, therapeutic efficacy assessment, and predication of prognosis of many hematologic diseases. The process of manual identification of megakaryocytes are tedious and lack of reproducibility; therefore, a reliable method of automated megakaryocytic identification is urgently needed. Three hundred and thirty-three bone marrow aspirate smears were digitized by Morphogo system. Pathologists annotated megakaryocytes on the digital images of marrow smears are applied to construct a large dataset for testing the system's predictive performance. Subsequently, we obtained megakaryocyte count and classification for each sample by different methods (system-automated analysis, system-assisted analysis, and microscopic examination) to study the correlation between different counting and classification methods. Morphogo system localized cells likely to be megakaryocytes on digital smears, which were later annotated by pathologists and the system, respectively. The system showed outstanding performance in identifying megakaryocytes in bone marrow smears with high sensitivity (96.57%) and specificity (89.71%). The overall correlation between the different methods was confirmed the high consistency ( r ≥ 0.7218, R2 ≥ 0.5211) with microscopic examination in classifying megakaryocytes. Morphogo system was proved as a reliable screen tool for analyzing megakaryocytes. The application of Morphogo system shows promises to advance the automation and standardization of bone marrow smear examination.
Patient and Provider Perceptions of COVID-19-Driven Telehealth Use From Nurse-Led Care Models in Rural, Frontier, and Urban Colorado Communities
Authors: Barton Amy J , Amura Claudia R , Willems Emileigh L , Medina Rosario , Centi Sophia , Hernandez Teri , Reed Sean M , Cook Paul F
Published: January 2023

The purpose of this study was to characterize the patient and provider engagement in the sudden telehealth implementation that occurred with the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. Patients and providers from 3 nurse-led models of care (federally qualified health centers, nurse midwifery practices, and the Nurse-Family partnership program) in Colorado were surveyed. Data from the Patient Attitude toward Telehealth survey and Provider Perceptions about Telehealth were collected. Patient respondents (n = 308) who resided primarily in rural or frontier communities were female, white, and Hispanic. Patients in urban areas used telehealth more frequently than in rural or frontier areas ( P < .001). Rural/Frontier patients had significantly lower attitude scores than urban patients across each of 5 domains assessed. Telehealth modality differed across location ( P < .023), with video calls, used more frequently by urban providers, and phone calls used by rural/frontier providers. Our data highlight differences in telehealth access and attitudes across rurality. These findings may contribute to future policy while addressing barriers to telehealth access and delivery.
Echolalia as defined by parent communication partners
Authors: Cohn Eli G , McVilly Keith R , Harrison Matthew J
Published: January 2023

Backgrounds and aims

Echolalia, the repetition of previous speech, is highly prevalent in Autism. Research into echolalia has historically assumed a clinical standpoint, with two opposing paradigms, behaviourism and developmentalism, offering differing support and intervention programs. These paradigms offer a multitude of clinical operationalised definitions; despite attempts, there continue to be challenges regarding how echolalia is to be defined. Stepping out of the dichotomous clinically orientated literature, we examined how parents summarise and formalise their understanding of echolalia as a communication partner. The objectives of this study were three-fold: (1) to investigate how echolalia is described and defined by parents; (2) to examine if existing clinical definitions align with those of parents; and (3) to begin to consider the implications of such findings for a collaborative approach between clinical perspectives and the parent experience. We bring to the fore the voices of parents, who have historically remained absent from echolalia literature. That is to say, we step outside of the clinical realm and listen to parents: something which has been previously unconsidered but represents a new vital addition to the echolalia literature.

Methods

We employed a Grounded Theory approach to document the definitions of 133 parents.

Results

We found that parents reported a multiplicity of important elements that are key to their understanding of echolalia.

Conclusions and implications

Additionally, we found that clinical definitions do not resonate within the parent experience; parents experience echolalia in a different way to that of clinicians and parents can offer insight into our understanding of the phenomena. Our findings show that while some parents might align themselves with either a behavioural or developmental positionality, sometimes there is an overlap depending upon the context in which their child repeats and some parents advance interpretations that are not readily aligned with either of the traditional clinical schools of thought. We present implications for both clinicians and parents in ways that point towards a collaborative approach to support the person with echolalia.
C1 inhibitor deficiency enhances contact pathway mediated activation of coagulation and venous thrombosis
Authors: Grover Steven Philip , Kawano Tomohiro , Wan Jun , Tanratana Pansakorn , Polai Zsofia , Shim Young Jun , Snir Omri , Brækkan Sigrid K. , Dhrolia Sophia , Kasthuri Rohan Raj , Bendapudi Tem , McCrae Keith R , Wolberg Alisa S. , Hansen John-Bjarne , Farkas Henriette , Mackman Nigel
Published: January 2023

C1 inhibitor (C1INH) is a multifunctional serine protease inhibitor that functions as a major negative regulator of several biological pathways, including the contact pathway of blood coagulation. In humans, congenital C1INH deficiency results in a rare episodic bradykinin-mediated swelling disorder called hereditary angioedema (HAE). Patients with C1INH deficiency associated HAE (C1INH-HAE) have increased circulating markers of activation of coagulation. Further, we recently reported that patients with C1INH-HAE had a moderate but significant increased risk of venous thromboembolism. To further investigate the impact of C1INH deficiency on activation of coagulation and thrombosis, we conducted studies using patient samples and mouse models. Plasmas from patients with C1INH-HAE supported significantly increased contact pathway-mediated thrombin generation. C1INH-deficient mice, which have been used as a model of C1INH-HAE, had significantly increased baseline circulating levels of prothrombin fragment 1+2 and thrombin-antithrombin complexes. In addition, whole blood from C1INH-deficient mice supported significantly increased contact pathway-mediated thrombin generation. Importantly, C1INH-deficient mice exhibited significantly enhanced venous, but not arterial, thrombus formation. Further, purified human C1INH normalized contact pathway-mediated thrombin generation and venous thrombosis in C1INH-deficient mice. These findings suggest a key role for endogenous C1INH as a negative regulator of contact pathway-mediated coagulation in humans and mice. Further, this work identifies endogenous C1INH as an important negative regulator of venous thrombus formation in mice complementing the phenotype associated with C1INH-HAE.
Urine-based multi-omic comparative analysis of COVID-19 and bacterial sepsis-induced ARDS
Authors: Batra Richa , Uni Rie , Akchurin Oleh M. , Alvarez-Mulett Sergio , Gómez-Escobar Luis G. , Patino Edwin , Hoffman Katherine L. , Simmons Will , Whalen William , Chetnik Kelsey , Buyukozkan Mustafa , Benedetti Elisa , Suhre Karsten , Schenck Edward , Cho Soo Jung , Choi Augustine M. K. , Schmidt Frank , Choi Mary E. , Krumsiek Jan
Published: January 2023

Background

Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), a life-threatening condition during critical illness, is a common complication of COVID-19. It can originate from various disease etiologies, including severe infections, major injury, or inhalation of irritants. ARDS poses substantial clinical challenges due to a lack of etiology-specific therapies, multisystem involvement, and heterogeneous, poor patient outcomes. A molecular comparison of ARDS groups holds the potential to reveal common and distinct mechanisms underlying ARDS pathogenesis.

Methods

We performed a comparative analysis of urine-based metabolomics and proteomics profiles from COVID-19 ARDS patients (n = 42) and bacterial sepsis-induced ARDS patients (n = 17). To this end, we used two different approaches, first we compared the molecular omics profiles between ARDS groups, and second, we correlated clinical manifestations within each group with the omics profiles.

Results

The comparison of the two ARDS etiologies identified 150 metabolites and 70 proteins that were differentially abundant between the two groups. Based on these findings, we interrogated the interplay of cell adhesion/extracellular matrix molecules, inflammation, and mitochondrial dysfunction in ARDS pathogenesis through a multi-omic network approach. Moreover, we identified a proteomic signature associated with mortality in COVID-19 ARDS patients, which contained several proteins that had previously been implicated in clinical manifestations frequently linked with ARDS pathogenesis.

Conclusion

In summary, our results provide evidence for significant molecular differences in ARDS patients from different etiologies and a potential synergy of extracellular matrix molecules, inflammation, and mitochondrial dysfunction in ARDS pathogenesis. The proteomic mortality signature should be further investigated in future studies to develop prediction models for COVID-19 patient outcomes.
The gender dimensions of travel time use in Germany
Authors: Chidambaram Bhuvanachithra , Scheiner Joachim
Published: January 2023

Time use during travel has been the subject of considerable research in recent years thanks to its crucial role in determining the utility of travel time. While most of these studies have documented the effects of demographics and trip characteristics on travel time use, the effect of gender is still ambiguous. To understand the role of gender in travel time use, we explore the effect of gender interaction with non-travel time use behavior (daily habits, multitasking and preferences), joint travel (travel companion), and economic situation (income and working hours) on various time use activities (reading, ICT use and talking) during travel. Moreover, we address the mixed and scant evidence from prior studies regarding the effect of sociodemographic, residential and trip characteristics on travel time use. The study used the cross-sectional German Time Use Survey 2012/13 data and employed multi-level binary logistic regression for analysis. The results indicate four important findings: (1) women's socializing during travel is principally influenced by primary time spent on interaction with children and ICT usage, while men’s socializing during travel is positively influenced by traveling with their partners and socializing habits; (2) both women’s and men’s solitary activities during travel (e.g. reading/ICT use) are influenced by their economic situation (e.g. income, working hours) and daily non-travel time use habits (reading habits/ICT use habits); (3) individuals’ solitary time use during travel is positively influenced by other potential determinants such as living in semi-urban areas/East Germany, driving or traveling by public transport; and (4) socializing during travel is positively influenced by living with partners, having young children, evening/night/weekend trips, maintenance/leisure trips, traveling by public transport and walking.