bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The impact of the English calorie labelling policy on the energy content of food offered and purchased in worksite cafeterias: a natural experiment
Authors: Luick Madison , Bandy Lauren , Jebb Susan A. , Pechey Rachel
Published: August 2024

Background

On 6 April 2022, legislation came into effect in England requiring calorie labels to be applied to food items on menus of larger food businesses. This study aimed to assess the impact of calorie labelling on (a) food purchased and (b) energy content of menu options in worksite cafeterias.

Methods

Product-level sales data and energy content of available items was obtained from 142 worksite cafeterias from January 2022-October 2022. Interrupted-time-series (ITS) analysis with level and slope change evaluated daily energy (kcal) purchased per item, and ITS with level change assessed mean energy per option available on menus before and after calorie labelling. Each analysis was conducted 6 weeks and 6 months from implementation. A post-hoc ITS examined weekly energy purchased per item over a longer period (March 2021-October 2022; 135 sites).

Results

There was no evidence calorie labelling changed the energy content of foods purchased (6-week: + 0.60 cal/product, 95%CI:-2.54, + 3.75; 6-month: + 1.59 cal/product, 95%CI:-0.96, + 4.16). Post-hoc analyses suggested calorie labels were associated with a reduction in mean energy of items purchased over time (-0.65 kcal/week, 95%CI:-0.81,-0.49), but a significant increase (+ 3 kcal, 95%CI: + 0.43, + 5.60) at the point of implementation. There was a reduction in the mean energy content of menu options at each seasonal menu change (April 2022:-1.79 kcal, 95%CI:-3.42,-0.15; July 2022:-4.18 kcal, 95% CI:-7.65,-0.73).

Conclusion

This large observational study in worksite cafeterias found no evidence to indicate the introduction of calorie labelling led to any immediate reduction in energy purchased by customers. There was some evidence of increasing impact over time, possibly associated with changes in menu offerings, but this effect was small and cannot be directly attributed to calorie labelling.
Post-simulation debriefing as a stepping stone to self-reflection and increased awareness — a qualitative study
Authors: Husebø Sissel Eikeland , Reierson Inger Åse , Hansen Anette , Solli Hilde
Published: August 2024

Background

The voice of the students should be engaged in simulation curriculum development. Involving the students in the development of debriefing strategies might result in a deeper understanding of learning. However, few studies have investigated the students’ perspectives on debriefing strategies. The aim of the study was to explore nursing students’ perspectives on the post-simulation debriefing.

Methods

An explorative, descriptive design with a qualitative approach was used. Data were collected in December 2017 and May 2018 through focus group interviews with undergraduate nursing students in Norway immediately after a 2-day high-fidelity simulation course in the second year of their Bachelor of Nursing degree. Data were analysed using systematic text condensation.

Results

Thirty-two nursing students participated in the study. The data analysis identified two main categories. The category ‘Facilitator as a catalyst for reflection’ illustrated the facilitator’s multifaceted and vital role in initiating and guiding the students’ reflection process in the debriefing. The category ‘A process towards increased awareness’ encompasses the students’ guided process of acquiring new insight into their professional development, and how they put parts together to see the wholeness in what was simulated.

Conclusions

This study provides knowledge to facilitators regarding nursing students’ perspectives on facilitating reflection and learning during debriefing discussions. The facilitator’s multifaceted role in guiding the students’ reflections and their process of acquiring new insight into their professional development were identified as critical to learning during debriefing.
Neurotensin receptor-1 agonist PD 149163 modulates the lipopolysaccharide-induced behavioral disturbances in mice
Authors: Mishra Ankit , Singh K. P.
Published: August 2024

Background

Neuroendocrine-immune homeostasis is a prerequisite for neurobehavioral performances. Dysregulation of this homeostasis manifested in behavioral dysfunctions and neurodegenerative diseases, including schizophrenia and Parkinson's disease. The present study aimed to investigate the role of PD 149163 (PD), a neurotensin agonist, in the modulation of behavioral disturbances induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in mice. Thirty-six female mice, 12 weeks old, were divided into 6 groups (n = 6/group). Group I (control) mice were given intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of saline. Group II (LPS) received LPS (1 mg/kg, i.p.) for 5 days. Group III (LPS + PD Low) and IV (LPS + PD High) have received an injection of LPS (1 mg/kg, for 5 days) and after that treated with PD 100 µg/kg and 300 µg/kg, i.p., respectively, for 21 days. Group V (PD Low) and VI (PD High) were exposed to PD 100 µg/kg and 300 µg/kg, respectively, for 21 days.

Results

In the open-field test, the PD attenuated the behavior of LPS-exposed mice by increasing the number of squares crossed, time spent in the central square, rearing and grooming, and decreasing immobility, latency and defecation. Likewise, in the elevated plus-maze test, PD increased the number of entries on open and enclosed arms, time spent on open and enclosed arms, grooming and rearing, and reduced the head dipping and immobility in LPS-challenged mice. The PD enhanced the immobility time in the forced swimming test, and sucrose consumption in the sucrose preference test decreased after LPS exposure.

Conclusion

This study suggests that PD modulates the LPS-induced anxiety and depression-like behavioral impairments and could be an alternate choice of the atypical antipsychotic drugs (AAPDs) in the future.
Flavonoids as potential therapeutics in male reproductive disorders
Authors: Mishra Rakesh , Nikam Abhishek , Hiwarkar Jitendra , Nandgude Tanaji , Bayas Jayendrasing , Polshettiwar Satish
Published: August 2024

Background

Male infertility presents global challenges, as current drug-based treatments demonstrate limited effectiveness due to an incomplete understanding of dysfunctions within the reproductive system. However, there is growing optimism surrounding natural products, particularly flavonoids, which offer promising therapeutic options. Extensive research has unveiled the positive impact of flavonoids on testicular structure, spermatogenesis, and sperm quality.

Main body

Flavonoids have diverse functions such as immune-stimulating, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidative effects. These properties make them potential inhibitors of male reproductive system problems. This narrative review aims to evaluate the effects of different flavonoids on male reproductive disorders by examining the phytochemical ingredients, traditional applications, potential pharmacological actions, documented effects, and therapeutic applications of flavonoids in functional abnormalities of the male reproductive system.

Conclusion

This review elaborates on the scientific study findings of flavonoids and recommends their use in male infertility.
Fault3DNnet: A lightweight 3D seismic fault detection network with bidirectional decoding
Authors: Tang Zhanxin , Wu Bangyu , Ma Debo
Published: August 2024

Fault detection from seismic data is a critical component of hydrocarbon exploration and production. In recent years, deep-learning techniques have made tremendous achievements and breakthroughs in seismic fault detection. Especially U-nets, represented by FaultSeg3D and its variants, are a dominant method for 3D deep-learning-based seismic fault interpretation. The incorporation of state-of-the-art network modules or training strategies with U-nets continuously improves the performance of fault detection for field seismic data, usually at the cost of increased computational intensity and hardware consumption. We design a lightweight bidirectional decoding network, Fault3DNnet, for fault detection from 3D seismic data volume. To make it simple and concise, our Fault3DNnet is equipped with basic conventional convolution and regular operation modules. The two decoding branches in Fault3DNnet could provide complementary information and improve fault detection performance. The superiority of Fault3DNnet is verified using publicly available synthetic and four field seismic data sets. The experimental results indicate that the method predicts fault structures with improved completeness and continuity compared with FaultSeg3D. Meanwhile, the parameter and computational quantity of the network are only 1/7 and 1/5 of FaultSeg3D, respectively. With the same graphics processing unit memory consumption, Fault3DNnet can handle the size of approximately six times the volume of 3D seismic data during inferencing as that of FaultSeg3D. It helps to improve prediction stability and decrease discontinuous artifacts at the stitching boundaries when predicting the large field data in chunks. In general, our Fault3DNnet delivers superior fault detection results while greatly reducing computational intensity and memory usage.
Mud diapirs in a continental extensional basin: 3D seismic interpretation of the Central Recôncavo Basin (northeast Brazil)
Authors: Mattos Cora , Carneiro Vinicius , Pereira Egberto , Holz Michael
Published: August 2024

Mud diapirs are present in different tectonic environments around the globe and are particularly prevalent in large deltas. The onshore Jurassic-Cretaceous Recôncavo Basin in northeast Brazil represents an atypical example of mud diapir occurrence in a rift basin. The intensity of mud diapirism is different in the three sectors of the basin, with the central sector exhibiting the best development. In the southern sector, diapirism is less significant, and it is practically nonexistent in the northeast sector. The 3D seismic, outcrop, and well data are used to geomorphologically characterize the onshore mud diapirs in the central sector of the Recôncavo Basin and correlate them with the structural and morphological aspects of the basin, in addition to elucidating the possible origins of their movement. After seismic interpretation, four mud diapirs are identified in the study area: Apraius-Miranga Norte, Pedra do Salgado, Biriba, and Carijó. Two internal seismic facies are identified as F1 and F2, with F1 having more disruptive features and F2 being more reflection-free. The eastern diapirs, close to the border fault conglomerates, are dominated by disrupted seismic facies (F1). The diapiric movement is associated with paleoseismicity and the rupture of an ancient delta front, together with the rapid basinward advancement of conglomerates during an active rifting phase. The Biriba diapir is possibly the first to arise, followed by Carijó and Apraius-Miranga Norte, and finally, Pedra do Salgado; this variable timing influences the location and migration of the depocenters in the area.
A Systematic Investigation of Process Parameters for Small-Volume Aqueous Suspension Production by the Use of Focused Ultrasonication
Authors: Zulbeari Nadina , Holm René
Published: August 2024

Aqueous suspensions containing crystalline drug in the sub-micron range is a favorable platform for long-acting injectables where particle size can be used to obtain a desired plasma-concentration profile. Stabilizers are added to the suspensions and screened extensively to define the optimal formulation composition. In the initial formulation screening the amount of drug compound can be limited, necessitating milling methods for small-volume screening predictable for scale-up. Hence, adaptive focused ultrasound was investigated as a potential milling method for rapid small-volume suspensions by identifying the critical process parameters during preparation. Suspensions containing drug compounds with different mechanical properties and thereby grindability, i.e., cinnarizine, haloperidol, and indomethacin with brittle, elastic, and plastic properties, respectively, were investigated to gain an understanding of the manufacturing with adaptive focused acoustics as well as comparison to already established milling techniques. Using a DoE-design, peak incident power was identified as the most crucial process parameter impacting the milling process for all three compounds. It was possible to decrease the sizes of drug particles to micron range after one minute of focused ultrasound exposure which was superior compared to other milling techniques (e.g., non-focused ultrasound exposure). The addition of milling beads decreased the drug particle sizes even further, thus to a lower degree than other already established milling techniques such as milling by dual centrifugation. This study thereby demonstrated that adaptive focused ultrasonication was a promising method for rapid homogenization and particle size reduction to micron range for different compounds varying in grindability without altering the crystalline structure.

Graphical Abstract
Solving the spectral problem via the boundary approximation in
theory
Authors: Long Lingxiao , Jiang Yunguo
Published: August 2024

In

theory, the resonance scattering structure is triggered by the so-called delocalized modes trapped between the

pair. The frequencies and configurations of such modes depend on the

half-separation a, which can be derived from the Schrödinger-like equation. We propose to use the boundary conditions to connect the half-localized and delocalized modes, and use boundary approximation (BA) to solve the spectrum analytically. In detail, we derive the explicit form of frequencies, configurations and spectral wall locations of the delocalized modes. We test the analytical prediction with the numerical simulation of the Schrödinger-like equation, and obtain astonishing agreement between them at the long separation regime.
The relevance of vascular adjustments to hemodynamic control in the face of temperature change in Crotalus durissus
Authors: Castro Samanta A. , Prado João V. , Wang Tobias , Leite Cléo A. C.
Published: August 2024

The presence of cardiac shunts in ectothermic tetrapods is thought to be consistent with active vascular modulations for proper hemodynamic support. Local control of blood flow modulates tissue perfusion and thus systemic conductance (Gsys) is assumed to increase with body temperature (Tb) to accommodate higher aerobic demand. However, the general increase of Gsys presses for a higher right-to-left (R–L) shunt, which reduces arterial oxygen concentration. In contrast, Tb reduction leads to a Gsys decrease and a left-to-right shunt, which purportedly increases pulmonary perfusion and plasma filtration in the respiratory area. This investigation addressed the role of compensatory vascular adjustments in the face of the metabolic alterations caused by Tb change in the South American rattlesnake (Crotalus durissus). Cardiovascular recordings were performed in decerebrated rattlesnake preparations at 10, 20 and 30°C. The rise in Tb increased metabolic demand, and correlated with an augmentation in heart rate. Although cardiac output increased, systemic stroke volume reduced while pulmonary stroke volume remained stable. Although that resulted in a proportionally higher increase in pulmonary blood flow, the R–L shunt was maintained. While the systemic compliance of large arteries was the most relevant factor in regulating arterial systemic blood pressure, peripheral conductance of pulmonary circulation was the major factor influencing the final cardiac shunt. Such dynamic adjustment of systemic compliance and pulmonary resistance for shunt modulation has not been demonstrated before and contrasts with previous knowledge on shunt control.
1000 dias: o guia prático da LISMI sobre Materno-Infantil
Authors: Silva Cristiano José da , Mesquita Camila Freitas , Ribeiro Erlane Marques
Published: August 2024

Os primeiros 1000 dias de vida dizem respeito ao período entre o primeiro dia de gestação e o dia que a criança completa 2 anos de idade. Esse é considerado um período crucial para o desenvolvimento saudável do ser humano, envolvendo saúde física, mental e social. Esse momento é percebido como uma “fase de ouro” e é entendido como uma “janela de oportunidades” para promover o bem-estar da mãe e do bebê, desde a gravidez. Nesse contexto, sabendo da diversidade de assuntos que são interessantes e que geram dúvidas à população em geral, os alunos e professores da LISMI, visando difundir conhecimentos acerca de questões relacionadas ao binômio mãe-bebê, decidiram elaborar o segundo volume de um Guia Prático sobre saúde materno-infantil. Nesse volume, trazemos capítulos abordando, dentre outros assuntos, infecções sexualmente transmissíveis, doenças na gravidez, violência obstétrica, aleitamento materno, desenvolvimento infantil e laqueadura tubária. Esse é um livro direcionado sobretudo a mães, pais, familiares, amigos, cuidadores e demais pessoas que estejam envolvidas no processo gestacional e pós-parto, mas também é um livro que pode ser utilizado por alunos, professores e diversos profissionais da área da saúde que buscam compreender melhor esse tema tão importante que é a saúde materno-infantil.
Systematic review: locating qualitative academic publications for reviewing tenants’ and landlords’ renting experiences and interaction in the Majority World
Authors: Soaita Adriana Mihaela
Published: August 2024

This methodological protocol describes the step-by-step process of identifying the relevant international academic literature to be reviewed within the project ‘The affective economies of emerging private renting markets: understanding tenants and landlords in postcommunist Romania” (AFFECTIVE-PRS). It presents: (1) the preliminary decisions taken related to the breadth of the review (choice of databases, type of research, type of reference, searching fields); (2) the operationalisation of keywords and Boolean strings; (3) the further calibration of the searching parameters through piloting; (4) the final retrieval of relevant references through systematic and manual searches; and (5) the geographical coverage of the retained literature. While the paper demonstrates the rigour of the methodological approach taken, it also opens up the space for other scholars to scrutinise, replicate or adjust this approach to their own work.
Prevalence and correlates of excessive sitting among women in an Indian population
Authors: Mathews Elezebeth , Joseph Anjaly , Gopinathan Sandeep , Thankappan Kavumpurathu Raman
Published: August 2024

Background Excessive sitting is understood to have deleterious health outcomes among individuals. The predictors of excessive sitting in India and Kerala are less explored. We aimed to identify the prevalence and correlates of excessive sitting among women in Kasaragod district, Kerala. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted among 3063 women aged 30-60 years, with waist circumference ≥80 cm and a random blood glucose of >110 mg/dl. The sitting time was captured by the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ). Sitting time was categorized into four categories: of <4 hours, 4–5 hours, 6–7 hours and ≥8 hours. Excessive sitting was considered as sitting for 6 hours or more per day. Binary logistic regression analysis was done to identify the predictors of excessive sitting. Results The prevalence of sitting durations of <4 hours, 4-5 hours, 6-7 hours and >=8 hours were 73.5% 21.1%, 4.7%, 0.7% respectively. The prevalence of excessive sitting (≥ 6 hours) was 5.4%. The mean sitting time was 3.97 ± 2.3 hours. The factors associated with excessive sitting were: not belonging to the disadvantaged social group (OR: 1.88, 95% CI- 1.19, 2.98, p value= 0.007), being unemployed (OR: 1.79, 95% CI- 1.25, 2.58, p value= 0.002), having adequate physical activity (OR: 4.00, 95% CI- 2.51, 6.38, p value= <0.001), having depression (OR: 2.04, 95% CI- 1.45, 2.87, p value= <0.001) and not having stress (OR: 1.49, 95% CI- 1.06, 2.08, p value= 0.02). Conclusions These findings substantiate the risk factors associated with excessive sitting time. To mitigate this, interventions should focus on women who does not belong to the disadvantaged social group, being unemployed, those engaging in adequate physical activity, having depression and not having stress.
The genome sequence of a braconid wasp, Aleiodes alternator (Nees, 1834)
Authors: Radley Kevin , Shaw Mark R. , Broad Gavin R. ,   Natural History Museum Genome Acquisition Lab,   Darwin Tree of Life Barcoding collective,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Tree of Life Management, Samples and Laboratory team,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Scientific Operations: Sequencing Operations,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Tree of Life Core Informatics team,   Tree of Life Core Informatics collective,   Darwin Tree of Life Consortium
Published: August 2024

We present a genome assembly from an individual female Aleiodes alternator (braconid wasp; Arthropoda; Insecta; Hymenoptera; Braconidae). The genome sequence spans 234.90 megabases. Most of the assembly is scaffolded into 19 chromosomal pseudomolecules. The mitochondrial genome has also been assembled and is 28.92 kilobases in length.
Wykładnia prawa i inne zagadnienia teorii prawa
Authors: Araszkiewicz Michał , Gizbert-Studnicki Tomasz
Published: August 2024

Niniejszy tom jest dedykowany Profesorowi Krzysztofowi Płeszce z okazji jego siedemdziesiątych urodzin. Tematyka tekstów dotyczy kwestii bliskich zainteresowaniom naukowym Jubilata, takich jak interpretacja prawa, aksjologia prawa, rola konstytucji w procesie stosowania i wykładni prawa czy spór o naturę prawa. Zestaw autorów tomu odzwierciedla fakt długoletniego i nieprzerwanego uczestnictwa Profesora w życiu naukowym i odgrywania wielu ról w społeczności teoretyków prawa, które zmieniały się z biegiem czasu: roli ucznia, kolegi, współpracownika i współautora oraz opiekuna młodych adeptów teorii prawa.
ChatGPT w zastosowaniach prawniczych. Badanie empiryczne
Authors: Dudek Paweł Marcin
Published: August 2024

The chapter is an empirical study of the ChatGPT tool, version four, on dealing with legal issues specific to the Polish system. The study was undertaken to verify the hypothesis that ChatGPT is a tool that can be helpful to the user in solving legal problems, guaranteeing answers at the level of a Polish-educated lawyer. The text verifies the results that ChatGPT achieves in the tasks of the entrance exams to the National School of Judiciary and Public Prosecution in Poland, both in terms of test questions and cases, and then the conclusions are generalized.
Czy możemy „uchylić rąbka tajemnicy”? Uwagi o tajemnicy radcowskiej z perspektywy wykładni funkcjonalnej
Authors: Sala-Szczypiński Marcin
Published: August 2024

The article discusses the issue of legal professional privilege of legal advisors, analysing the absolute and relative approach to privilege. As a result of criticism of the evaluative concept of "the interests of justice" as a condition for exemption from privilege, a proposal was formulated to specify the conditions for this exemption, taking into account the gravity of the crime that may be disclosed thanks to the exemption from the obligation to maintain privilege.
Tematyka nafciarska i gazownicza na rynku antykwarycznym. Ludzie – instytucje – przedmioty
Authors: Nieć Grzegorz
Published: August 2024

A reconnaissance of the antiquarian market in terms of oil and gas subjects indicates that various assortments related to these subjects are constantly in circulation and of interest to buyers, however, there are not many of them. This is dominated by oil and gas company shares, various prints and documents, as well as photographs and postcards. The vast majority of these objects, however, simultaneously enter other areas of collecting, such as regionalism and securities, among others. Collectors focused on oil and gas are arguably a small and highly specialised group of collectors.
Witryny internetowe europejskich muzeów ropy naftowej jako kanały informacji i edukacji
Authors: Rogoż Michał
Published: August 2024

The websites of European themed museums of oil and oil shale extraction techniques are selected and characterised. As most of these establishments are in small towns tied directly to the presence of useful mineral deposits in their areas, their websites play an important role as information and advertising media. The collection studied herein is an example of the diversity of content and information architecture. It showcases different ways of presenting and popularising technical expertise. Examples of individual websites indicate a multi-faceted approach to the subject matter and presentation using varied graphical and interactive elements, in alignment with modern trends in infotainment.
Ján Medlen i początki wydobywania ropy naftowej w Gbelach (Węgry/Czechosłowacja)
Authors: Kaleta Petr
Published: August 2024

On January 13, 1914, oil began to be industrialized for the first time in Gbely in Western Slovakia (then still in Upper Hungary), which is officially considered to be the establishment of the oil industry on the territory of later Czechoslovakia. The person who was behind the discovery of the oil deposits in the vicinity of Gbely was the local eccentric farmer Ján Medlen, who began to use natural gas for his own needs in his cottage. After Medlen’s gas facility exploded, geologists were sent to Gbely by the state, who determined that it could be a rich deposit, and exploratory drilling began in 1913. This oil and gas deposit became the most important in Czechoslovakia until 1945. The article deals mainly with the person of the farmer Medlen, based on professional and popular science literature and the interwar press.
Code and Data Repository for Identifying Socially Optimal Equilibria Using Combinatorial Properties of Nash Equilibria in Bimatrix Games
Authors: Dehghanian Amin , Xie Yujia , Serban Nicoleta
Published: August 2024

The goal of this software is to demonstrate different algorithms for identifying socially optimal Nash equilibria in bimatrix games. This repository is made of the following directories and subdirectories src: python implementations of different solver algorithms as well as other necessary utility scripts results: figures and tables reported in the paper data: instances used to generate results in the paper
Code and Data Repository for Efficient and Flexible Long-Tail Recommendation Using Cosine Patterns
Authors: Wang Yaqiong , Wu Junjie , Wu Zhiang , Adomavicius Gediminas
Published: August 2024

This archive is distributed in association with the INFORMS Journal on Computing under the MIT License. The purpose of this repository is to share the data and scripts reported in the paper Efficient and Flexible Long-Tail Recommendation Using Cosing Patterns by Y. Wang, J. Wu, Z. Wu, and G. Adomavicius.
Interim CEO Successions: Implications for CEO Successor Selection and Subsequent Firm Performance
Authors: Langan Robert , Deuschel Nicolas
Published: August 2024

Prior research highlights that interim CEO successions are disruptive for firms. Yet boards appoint interim CEOs in order to focus on finding the right person to take over permanently, suggesting they may offer benefits to CEO selection. Considering these two views, this paper compares the firm performance of CEOs appointed following an interim period with that of CEOs appointed in a direct succession. We argue that, owing to the disruption caused by the interim appointment, firm performance under a CEO appointed following an interim period will be poorer than under a CEO appointed in a direct succession. However, we posit that, in circumstances in which obtaining and processing the information relevant to CEO selection is more difficult, the interim period may be particularly helpful in selecting the most fitting successor and ultimately weakening the associated performance penalty. Using a sample of CEO successions that occurred in S&P 1500 firms between the years 2002 and 2016, we find general support for our hypotheses. This paper, thus, demonstrates that the subsequent performance consequences of appointing an interim CEO depends on the difficulty of selecting the firm’s next permanent CEO.

Funding: We gratefully acknowledge financial support from the Spanish FEDER/Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion – Agencia Estatal de Investigacion [Grant PID2021-123450OB-I00].
Atypicality and Accountability: Evidence from Five Experiments
Authors: Betancourt Nathan , Hoever Inga J. , Wezel Filippo Carlo
Published: August 2024

This paper investigates the interactive effect of organizational atypicality and accountability on evaluation. Prior research has shown that audience members sometimes react positively and other times negatively to atypical organizations or that the main effect of atypicality is not always consistent. We seek to further advance our understanding of this inconsistency in the assessment of atypical organizations. To do so, we focus on accountability, defined as a person’s expectation that they may be asked to justify their choices to others. We theorize that accountability will influence the assessment of atypical organizations because it causes evaluators to think about justifying their decisions and considering what their audience will find acceptable. We investigate two different ways in which accountability, by making others’ social expectations salient, shapes the effect of atypicality on appeal. First, when the preferences of the evaluator’s audience are implicit, we propose that accountability will strengthen the negative effect of atypicality on evaluation. Second, when the preferences of the evaluator’s audience are explicit, we propose that evaluators will conform to these preferences. When an evaluator is accountable to an audience that prefers typical organizations, atypicality will negatively affect evaluation. Conversely, when an evaluator is accountable to an audience that prefers atypical organizations, atypicality should positively affect evaluation. We tested these predications in five preregistered studies and found support for our predictions. These results help to explain variance in audience member’s reactions to atypicality and suggest that accountability plays a fundamental role in the evaluation of atypical organizations.

Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.2022.16937 .
Development of a Mobile Menu Book as a Media For Learning Food Service in Tourism Schools
Authors: Gustiana Aditia , Yulia Cica , Joshua Quienera
Published: August 2024

The important to remember that technological progress is unpredictable, and the landscape of immersive and interactive systems may have seen significant progress. Developers and innovators are constantly exploring and experimenting with new possibilities, making the future of immersive technology exciting and full of potential as a means to improve education. The research seems to adopt a mixed-methods approach, utilizing both qualitative methods for needs analysis and design stages, and quantitative methods for testing the product's effectiveness. By involving both teachers and students in the development process, the application can better meet their specific needs and preferences. The validation data collected from the assessment by validators suggests that the application has been well-received and is considered valid for use in food service learning. With an average percentage of 85.25% in the valid category, it implies that the application meets the required standards and requirements for an effective learning tool. Overall, the Android-based learning media application holds the potential to contribute significantly to the field of education, particularly in cooking learning. As technology continues to advance, similar applications tailored to other industries and fields of study can also play a crucial role in addressing the increasing demand for skilled human resources in various industries.
Analysis of Construction Service Requirements towards Minimum Standards of Work Knowledge of Vocational High School Students
Authors: Oroh Rolly Robert
Published: August 2024

Vocational high school graduates in Indonesia still show a low level of employment in the construction services industry sector. The aim of this research is to find a classification of vocational high school students' occupational knowledge attainment levels that construction services require in carrying out concrete construction work. This research uses descriptive research methods. This research data was obtained through surveys, observations and focus group discussions with construction service actors. The research data collected was then categorized based on work indicators, and analyzed for conformity with Indonesian national work competency standards in the concrete structure work category. The results of the study found that the minimum work knowledge standards of vocational high school students who must meet the needs of construction services in carrying out concrete construction work are understanding about the installation of scaffolding, the making of formwork, the assembling of reinforcement, the installation of reinforcement, and the casting of concrete.
Topical application of basic fibroblast growth factor for pressure ulcers: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Nie Wenbo , Zan Tao , Sun Jianan , Guo Lirong , Wang Lisheng
Published: August 2024

Objective:

To evaluate the effectiveness of topical application of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) on pressure ulcers (PUs).

Method:

Relevant randomised controlled trials (RCTs) published from database creation to July 2018 were systematically searched. Pooled risk ratios (RR) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were calculated to assess mean healing time in days as a measure of treatment efficacy. Standardised mean differences (SMD) with 95%CI were calculated to assess the proportion of complete healing. Funnel plots and Egger's regression tests were used to assess publication bias.

Results:

In total, 12 RCTs encompassing 664 PUs were included. The pooled effect size demonstrated a significant difference in complete healing proportions between the control groups and subjects treated with bFGF (RR=1.61 (1.40–1.85); p<0.001) and mean healing time (SMD=–1.97 (–2.54– –1.40); p<0.001). There was no indication of significant publication bias in the primary analysis. Sensitivity analysis demonstrated that the results of the meta−analysis were reliable.

Conclusion:

In this review, topical application of recombinant bFGF was found to be effective in the treatment of PUs. Given the limitations of the reports included, additional RCTs of higher power are warranted to confirm our findings.
Risk of appendiceal neoplasm in patients with appendix disorders
Authors: Ferrara Francesco , Peltrini Roberto
Published: August 2024

The most common appendicular disease is acute appendicitis, with a lifetime risk of 7%–8%. Complicated cases, which can occur in 2%–7% of patients, can significantly impact the severity of the condition and may require different management approaches. Nonoperative management with possible delayed appendectomy has been suggested for selected patients, however, there is a non-negligible risk of missing an underlying malignancy, which is reported to be as high as 11%. Diagnostic work-up is paramount to achieve optimal treatment with good results.
Pituitary metastasis from lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Wang Xue-Jian
Published: August 2024

Pituitary tumor is a common neuroendocrine tumor, but there are also rare clinical metastases at this site, which are generally transferred from extrabellar tumors. Although the clinical incidence is low, the prognosis is poor. The purpose of this editorial is to discuss further the relevant knowledge of pituitary metastases and remind clinicians to prevent missed diagnosis and improve the prognosis of these patients.
Matlab scripts for "An Automated On-the-Go Unloading System Reduces Harvest Operator Stress Relative to Manual Operation"
Authors: Burgers Travis
Published: August 2024

 **Script information**

-EDAwristband.m

-importEDAfile.m

-run_automated_EDAQA.m

These files are used to take raw data from an Empatica E4 wristband and calculate stressful events. See also Burgers and Vanderwerff (2022).

EDAwristband.m is the main processing script. File names and processing inputs need to be input in the first section. It outputs a .csv file with information about stressful events.

importEDAfile.m is a function EDAwristband.m calls to import the data .csv files

run_automated_EDAQA.m is a function EDAwristband.m calls to process the EDA data and assess the quality of the data. See Kleckner et al., 2017 for more details.

**Dataset information**

-A03CE6EDA20231018.csv

-A036A2EDA2023101916.csv

These are example raw EDA data files from the Empatica E4 wristband. 

The data includes information about the time and EDA measurements. 

**Dataset information**

-A03CE6EDA20231018p.csv

-A036A2EDA2023101916p.csv

These are example outputs of processed EDA from the two input csv files. 

The table includes the following variables:

wristband ID, time of event, EDA and filtered EDA values, invalid points, valley, peak, stressful event magnitude (uS), stressful event duration (s), area under curve of stressful event (uS-s)
Study on The Influence of Freezing and Thawing Cycle and Dry and Wet Alternation on Mechanical Properties and Engineering Application of Loess Slope
Authors: Muhemaier Ruheiyan , Wei Mao , Liangfu Xie , Qiang He
Published: August 2024

This article selects typical high-slope loess along the Baolan high-speed railway as the research object. Firstly, laboratory testing methods are used to conduct direct shear and consolidation tests on loess under freeze-thaw cycles, dry-wet alternation, and their combined effects to study the changes in its mechanical properties. The experiment found that rainfall infiltration is different due to different slopes. The negative pore water pressure at the top of the slope rapidly increased from −176.52 kPa to −139.094 kPa, and the volumetric water content also rapidly increased from 14.11% to 16.63%. The negative pore water pressure at the foot of the slope increased to −76.33 kPa, and the volumetric water content was 22.11%. At a given dry density, as the moisture content increases, regardless of the type of specimen, its cohesion, internal friction angle, and compression modulus gradually decrease while the porosity increment and compression coefficient increase. At a given moisture content, as dry density increases, regardless of the type of specimen, its cohesion, internal friction angle, and compression modulus gradually increase while the increment of porosity and compression coefficient gradually decrease. However, the internal friction angle, porosity increment, and compression modulus response to freeze-thaw action are closely related to initial dry density. At a given dry density and moisture content, as the number of cycles increases, the cohesion and compression modulus of the sample gradually decrease while the increment of porosity and compression coefficient increase.
Energy-Efficiency Comparison of Different Implement Powertrain Concepts to Each Other and Between Different Heavy-Duty Mobile Machines
Authors: Fassbender David , Brach Christine , Minav Tatiana
Published: August 2024

For the electrification of heavy-duty mobile machine, alternative power-train concepts that are more efficient than conventional valve-controlled systems can be an important key that extends the operation time by making better use of the limited amount of available battery energy. Since power-train concepts are universal and can be applied to various types of heavy-duty mobile machine with different application conditions, it is advisable to assess and compare concepts on multiple of those machines and on the basis of a standardized investigation method. For this purpose, simulations of a telehandler, a wheel loader, and an excavator are done in this study. Each hdmm type is simulated with different setups that each apply one of three concepts: pure conventional valve-control in a ls system, as the benchmark, or one of two alternative concepts that were previously presented by the authors. The two alternative concepts are namely an LS system with the option to replace the metering valves of single actuators with a hydraulic motor connected to an electric generator and secondly a system with an electric machine that drives an ls pump as well as displacement-controlled actuators. The simulations show that both alternative concepts perform equally well on the reference telehandler and the wheel loader with maximum primary energy savings in a work cycle mix of around 37% on both machines compared to the reference setups. For the excavator, on the other hand, the displacement-controlled concept performed even better and reached savings of up to 48%.
Active Damping Control of the Large-scale Flexible Hydraulic Manipulators with Independent Metering System
Authors: Jia Ruiheng , Zhang Junhui , Ding Ruqi , Zhang Fu , Shen Jun , Xu Bing
Published: August 2024

The large-scale flexible hydraulic manipulator (FHM) is the key machinery for automation in construction. It generally works in a precise position and suffers from serious vibrations caused by external excitation. Thus, it requires both active damping control and position control, which are typically implemented by the single valve system (SVS) in the past. However, the SVS only has one signal input which cannot address the two controllers simultaneously. To solve the problem, a decoupling active damping controller utilizing the independent metering system (IMS) is presented. To reduce the influence between controls, the control degree of freedom is increased by breaking the mechanical coupling of the inlet and outlet. The relative gain array (RGA) method is then used to determine the best variable pair. Thus, the position and active damping controllers can be designed separately in two control loops to achieve control decoupling. To achieve active damping control, the dynamic pressure feedback (DPF) based on a high-pass filter is introduced to optimize system damping. The proposed method is verified on a concrete pump truck simulation model which is a typical large-scale flexible hydraulic manipulator. Simulation results show that the proposed method reduces interactions between different control loops and has a gentler vibration of the end-effector compared to the conventional SVS.
Design of a Lead-Free Slipper Bearing for Low Speed Axial Piston Pump Applications
Authors: Ivantysyn Roman , Horn Svenja , Weber Jürgen
Published: August 2024

New application areas for hydrostatic machines result in novel challenges for the fluid film performance of the lubrication interfaces. In the past hydrostatic machines were designed with a combustion engine or a constant speed electric motor in mind. Therefore, they typically have a minimal speed requirement and are optimized for a low variation in their operating speed range. Electrification and flow by demand change this requirement drastically, forcing the pumps often in both very high and very low operating speeds. Typically, lubricating gaps in positive displacement machines consist of a hard/soft material pairing, where the soft pairing usually is a yellow brass with variable lead content. The lead is added to allow for mix friction contact at low speeds and other critical conditions. New developments in surface structuring allow for precise manufacturing of the surface shaping in the sub micro-meter range. This paper combined this technology with state of the art numerical simulations to design a surface structure that is capable withstanding pump operations without significant wear and therefore allows for lead free materials – even steel/steel pairings. The different materials were tested in simulation, on a novel hydrostatic-tribometer test rig as well as on the pump test rig. The design process as well as the simulation and measurement results will be presented in this paper.
JUVENTUDE E RELAÇÃO DE GÊNERO: CONSTRUÇÃO DE MASCULINIDADE DOS ESTUDANTES DO ENSINO MÉDIO DA CIDADE DE CANDEAL-BA
Authors: Jonh Cleisson Azevedo Santos  , João Diogenes Ferreira dos Santos
Published: August 2024

Custódio (2019) explora como a sociedade impôs uma imagem de masculinidade negra associada à força física, agressividade e virilidade exacerbada. As expectativas sociais em relação à masculinidade podem ser ainda mais rígidas para jovens negros, que muitas vezes são estigmatizados como “perigosos” ou “violentos”.
Critical Adoption Studies "At the Very Center": A Conversation with John McLeod
Authors: McLeod John , Hipchen Emily
Published: August 2024

abstract: In this conversation, John McLeod and Emily Hipchen discuss how adoption is to be found at the center of wider social and historical circumstances (and in literature, which represents them). Adoption exposes to critique assumptions about class, race, kinship, family-making, gender, and biocentric relations. Unfamilied and adoptable people are not historically exceptional and Critical Adoption Studies for the same reasons is not peripheral to the arts and humanities. We've never been niche. We've always been necessary.
We Are Here Now
Authors: Kadetsky Elizabeth
Published: August 2024

Abstract: This personal essay explores the intersections of memory, dementia, and child trauma and abuse.
I, and: II, and: III, and: IV, and: V
Authors: Thomas Caroline O'Connor
Published: August 2024

Abstract: These poems use dreams and the imagination to process grief and to sing joyfully, for a world that speeds by.
Student and Teacher Perspectives on Culturally Responsive Practices in a Tribal School
Authors: Smith Lora Henderson , Franco Meredith P. , Callahan Katie , Bottiani Jessika H.
Published: August 2024

Abstract: There is a proliferation of research on the importance of teachers engaging in culturally responsive practices (CRPs) when working with students from minoritized and marginalized backgrounds, yet recent literature rarely centers the needs of Native American tribal school students and their teachers. As such, we conducted a mixed method study to gather information on how the Double Check teacher coaching and professional development program might be adapted to meet the needs of teachers working with Indigenous students. The current study used mixed methods to highlight the perspectives of Native American middle school students and their teachers on CRPs. Students ( n = 5) and teachers ( n = 18) at a Northern Plains tribal school participated in focus groups about their perspectives on CRPs. Teachers ( n = 19) also completed a survey. Teachers reported comfort with CRPs and that their school offered helpful professional development. However, in contrast, students reported that although they liked most of their teachers, their teachers did not use many CRPs; students also reported wishing that teachers would learn more about their language and culture. Additional findings and implications for teacher professional development are discussed.
Magazine Journalism and Drugs of Abuse, 1945–1965: Similarly Hazardous Substances, Markedly Different Sources of Information
Authors: Denham Bryan
Published: August 2024

Abstract: This study examines sourcing patterns in magazine articles ( N = 186) about drugs of abuse. It compares texts focusing on synthetic substances, such as amphetamines and barbiturates, with content about opiates, primarily heroin and morphine. During the period examined, the Food and Drug Administration regulated the former, while the Federal Bureau of Narcotics controlled the latter. Overall, law-enforcement sources appeared in one of every two articles about opiates, used and sold primarily in urban environments, and fewer than one in ten articles about synthetics, popular in middle-class, suburban America. Medical sources appeared in two of every three articles about synthetic substances and less than four in ten articles about opiates. Analyses also showed dramatic increases in user and/or seller sources near 1960, coinciding with more progressive approaches to drug control.