bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE HOUSEFLY NUISANCE AND ITS CONTROL WITH MAGGOT TRAPS
Authors:   Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Coimbatore  641 003, T.V RAMAKRISHNA IYER
Published: November 2023

It is well known that the common house- fly is one of the worst pests of our dwellings and that, during certain seasons in the year, this creature becomes a terrible nuisance. Though for all appearance this dark grey flying insect looks an innocent and harmless creature and is unable to cause pain like the mosquito its potentialities for mischief are formidable; for, it is not only a mechanical nuisance flying about the nooks and corners of our dwel- lings, visiting both filthy and wholesome materials and contaminating the latter, but it has also gained great notoriety as a terrible disease carrying agent. Infectious and dangerous diseases like Cholera, Tuberculosis. Typhoid and Dysentery are easily carried by the fly from those suffering from these diseases to healthy persons. The general features of the body of the fly are specially suitable for per- forming its functions very effectively; for it has its legs, body, wings and the mouth parts well supplied with hairs and bristles which serve as excellent media for carrying infective particles. Infection is mainly caused by the direct contact of the different parts of the body which carry germs of disease with wholesome food, drinks, etc., when the fly perches on the latter; the fly has also the habit of depositing its excretory particles, foeces 'specks' which may contain highly infectious germs in great numbers. In its habits, therefore, this fly is disgusting- ly filthy, feeding indiscriminately on excrement of all kinds such as vomit, sputum, nasal and eye discharges, pus and blood from boils and wounds; in the same manner, it is equally attracted by all the best and tasteful of human food stuffs and will, when not disturbed, pass to and back between the two extremes. It is, therefore, incumbent on every householder and citizen and on every person responsible for the general sanitation and health of our villages and inhabitants that sufficient attention is paid to this terrible pest.
ANTHESIS AND POLLINATION IN BENGAL GRAM (CICER ARIETINUM)
Authors:   Cotton Specialist,Coimbatore  641 003, V RAMANATHA AYYAR , R BALASUBRAHMANYAN ,   Assitant to the Cotton Specialist,Coimbatore  641 003
Published: November 2023

A study of the time of flower opening and anther dehiscence is a necessary pre-requisite in any scheme of plant breeding where artificial hybridisation is contemplated. As the mechanism controlling these phases of floral development are influenced by latitude and season, it is essential that separate data are collected on this aspect at each place of investigation. In Bengal gram (Cicer arietinum) Howards and Khan (1915) have recorded their observations under the conditions obtaining at Pusa. Since no information under South Indian conditions was available, detailed studies were undertaken at Coimbatore during 1931-32. Bengal gram is usually sown in the Coimbatore District about the middle of November, and is in flowers between the second week of January and the first week of February. A pattern of its flowering curve is given in Chart I. It may be mentioned here that this crop belongs to the category of plants, the flowers of which open and close for two successive days.
SOME SOUTH INDIAN VILLAGE STUDIES (A Preparatory Study of "Villur", Village No. 119, in Tirumangalam Taluq, Madura District, Madras Province.)
Authors:   School of Tropical Medicine, Calcutta, P.S SESHADRI
Published: November 2023

Nature of Rainfall. The rainfall is very uncertain and scanty even in the best of seasons. A study of the district during a number of years shows no indication of its being concentrated in the two short periods during which the monsoons blow. On the contrary, it appears that there is a continuous rainy season of 9 months' duration which brings more and more rain until November, when it rapidly declines. During a first rate season there will be rain in almost every month of the year, though the bulk of rainfall is received in October and November, every fall will be of some use to one or another of the many crops that are grown, provided it be not too heavy and pro- tracted. Usually there is nothing like regularity in their occurrence or amount. During some years rain falls in desirable abundance but either too early or too late in the season. This state of affairs natu- rally confuses and misleads the ordinary cultivator. Often his antici- pation fails and he meets with disappointment.
SOME SOUTH INDIAN VILLAGE STUDIES (A Preparatory Study of "Villur" Village No. 119, in Tirumangalam Taluk, Madura District, Madras Province).
Authors:   Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Coimbatore  641 003, P.S SESHADRI
Published: November 2023

Bullocks. In the whole district, the average area tilled by a pair of bullocks is largest in Tirumangalam taluq. The indigenous cattle of the district being small sized, bullocks are generally bought at high prices at Madura and other places. In Villur, on account of the precarious rainfall, the produce obtained does not justify the maintenance of costly bullocks and the people are too poor to afford the initial cost. Only a few cultivators go in for these, while the others have to remain content with the inefficient locally bred animals. Naturally they are overworked and worked at too early an age.
Recent Changes in Horticultural Practices
Authors:   Assitant Horticulturist, College of Agriculture Poona, R SOHRAB GANDHI
Published: November 2023

In the course of his lecture Mr. Gandhi spoke at length on the propagation and the most modern cultural methods for fruit trees as practised in different fruit growing countries of the world. Regarding the propagation of woody dicotyledons, he said that while making a stem cutting the basal cut need not necesserily be close below a bud; but very often inter-nodal basal cuts give better results and the close-below-bud cut is only desirable in case of stems which already possess pre-formed root initials in or near the nodul region. The pre-ent practice of Inyering end branches of large orchard trees by tongue, ring or bending methods as practised in India is wasteful. A ground nursery could be more advantageously established of young trees closely planted in rows and these could be bent flat on the ground. The young shoots arising from the horizontally laid main trunk and branches could be rooted by mounting earth around their bases after they have made a six inch growth. Plants that root with difficulty could be made to root by etiolating these layer shoots before they break from their buds. This is effected by excluding light from the buds during the earlier stages of their growth by means of covering them with a layer of soil. The young shoots thus develop in the dark and push their way through the soil above. Such shoots are etiolated at their base and develop a satisfactory root system. The rooted shoots could be annually removed in the propagating season except one or two vigorous shoots at the base of the trunk which could be again used to lay flat for producing next year's crop of rooted shoots. This method of etiolating layer shoots has been perfected and commercially adopted in England by the Fruit Research Station at East Malling.
PRODUCTION AND MARKETING OF GROUNDNUT IN THE MADRAS PRESIDENCY
Authors:   Lecturer in Agriculture, Agricultural College, K RAGHAVACHARI
Published: November 2023

Of the several crops introduced at various times into India, the groundnut must be said to have been of the greatest benefit to the South Indian farmers. All the world over, the United States of America not excepted, it is found, that the groundnut cultivation is only in the hands of the small farmer. The main commercial product, namely the oil, removes no plant food, and, being a legume, the crop has been found to get all its nitrogen, about 90 lb. on the average per acre, entirely from the air. Recent research (unpublished) of Mr. T. Rajagopala Iyangar, M. Sc., has proved beyond doubt that by ino- culation with a special organism it is not only possible to increase the nitrogen fixation but also to definitely increase the yield of the crop and improve the quality. This discovery opens up a vast field for increasing the acre-yield of the crop which in Madras, is much above the world average. Madras produces over 1,000 lb. of pods per acre, while the world average is only 700 lb. To get the benefit of the increased production, we should, in addition to widening our market.
THE RICE TRADE OF MADRAS
Authors:   Assitant in Paddy Specialist, V Ch. SARVAYYA
Published: November 2023

India is the largest rice growing country in the world. Among the several provinces of India, Madras ranks fourth having 11'7 millions acres under rice and producing about 5'4 million tons. Though Burma produces just a little less than Madras, it occu- pies an eminent position in the rice export trade of India, monopolis- ing nearly 88 per cent. of the exports while the shares of Bengal and Madras are only 5 and 4 per cent. respectively. Although her small share in the Indian rice exports at first sight leads one to believe that the trade situation of rice in Madras is above anxiety, the situation assumed a serious aspect when large imports of rice from Siam and Indo-China started arriving into Madras. This paper deals mainly with the question of foreign markets for Madras rice.
LOW PRICES AND THE PLIGHT OF THE LOWLY RYOTS
Authors:   Agricultural College Coimbatore, S.V DURAISWAMI
Published: November 2023

In recent times much has been said and written on this world epidemic of low prices, trade depression and economic suffering. Among those who got the worst of it, undoubtedly the agriculturists rank the first. The State and the corporate association of farmers in various countries have been making strenuous attempts to tide over the catastrophe but with only partial success so far. The sufferings of the mirasdars and the cultivators of the Tanjore delta. have come into prominence more than any others in South India. The situation has been equally worse in other districts also, though this year on atcount of fair prices of cotton it has not been so acute in some of the cotton growing tracts. The cultivating class as a whole have been hard hit and this period of depression has dawned upon them at a time when they are already cowed down by heavy indebtedness. It is not enough if we know that the agricultural class is suffering. To get at the magnitude of their distress and to form a clear conception of the conditions under which they labour and to formulate possible and practical schemes of amelioration, it will be necessary to examine in detail the economics of the average and typical cultivator working under different conditions. I mean the consideration of the actual income and expenditure, both in kind and money, of certain culti- vators elected in representative tracts. The economics of five culti- vators have been worked out in this paper, representing the garden and dry tracts of the Coimbatore district, as types of three important classes of cultivators; viz., (1) Proprietor-cultivator
THE PREPARATION OF TIRUPATTUR DHALL
Authors:   Agricultural Demonstrator Thirupattur, MD ABBAS
Published: November 2023

Dhall is largely consumed by vegetarians in different forms either as such or in combination with vegetables etc. Red gram (Cajanus indicus) from which dhall is prepared occupied 28,88,98 acres in this presidency according to season and crop report for 1932-33. Out of this, North Arent district had 21,958 neres, of which Tirupattur taluk, alone had 6996 acres. Other important districts where red gram is cultivated on a large extent, are in order of rank, Trichinopoly. Bel- lary, Anantapur, Kurnool, Vizagapatam, Guntur, Ganjam, Salem and Coimbatore. North Arcot district comes fifth in the above list based on acreage. Commercially, Tirupattur produce has a good reputation for its quality. It is therefore proposed to give a short account of how it is prepared for the market.
CASUARINA PLANTATIONS IN CUDDALORE
Authors:   Agricultural Demonstrator Cuddalore, K.S KRISHNAMOORTHY
Published: November 2023

Casuarina is a tree of rapid growth introduced into India about 60 years ago. It is good as fuel which burns well though not of much. value as a timber. This is grown in extent in South Arcot District owing to the ready demand for fuel at Madras to which place it is carried in boats along the Buckingham canal and also by rail. Owing to the increasing scarcity of fuel, the area under casuarina is steadily increasing. Soil. The casuarina is planted on all kinds of soils ranging from pure sands on the edge of the sea to the stiff clay soils in the inland. Sandy-loams with a water table at a depth of about 4 to 6 feet in summer are the best for casuarina.
CHICKEN POX AND ITS TREATMENT
Authors:   Mission Poultry Farm, Katpadi, J.J DE VALOIS
Published: November 2023

There are a number of diseases that work great havoc with the amateur poultry keeper in India especially in the villages where the vitality of birds at best is very low due to poor feeding, promiscuous breeding and bad housing conditions. In my experience I have found that chicken pox perhaps takes larger toll than any other poultry disense. Its ravages are not considered so serious as that of fowl pest because it does not do its work as dramatically as the "Angel of death". This, disease, like the poor, is ever with us and many people take it for granted as some do itch and scabies for example, or the proverbial fleas on a dog. But anyone who has made a study of poultry rear- ing in the villages will agree with me that thousands of chicks, especially, ave claimed by this disesse every year. In the early days of our poultry work I considered this one of the major pro- blems we had to solve. As surely as the cooler days of January began to wane and evidences of the hot weather began to appear, chicken pox would be right around the corner to say her "How-do-you-dy". After considerable experiment- ation we have learned to control this disease with considerable success and no longer consider it one of our major problems to deal with.
HYMENOPTEROUS PARASITES OF ECONOMIC IMPORTANCE IN S. INDIA
Authors:   Madras Agricultural Department, T.V RAMAKRISHNA AYYAR , V MARGABANDU ,   Madras Agricultural Department
Published: November 2023

The study of economic entomology has in these days attained such dimensions that various methods of control are being advocated for checking insects injurious to crops. The mechanical methods of control such as the use of insecticides, spraying, fumigation and other artificial devices such as the use of light traps, etc., have been in some cases found impracticable and uneconomical. In view of the poisonous nature of the insecticides themselves, the prohibitive cost of the treat- ments in some cases, the frequency and thoroughness with which these treatments have to be given, the promptness with which these have to be done, and the several meteorological factors that influence the success or failure of the results obtained and lastly the temporary and palliative nature of the results obtained, mechanical methods of control frequently become very much limited in their scope.
The Effectiveness of Honey-Based Ferric Perchloride Paste on Post-conization in the Cicatricial and Infectious Context: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Carlos Afonso Maestri , Rodolfo Belz Antoniazzi , Isabela Ceschin Maestri , Rafaela Ceschin Fernandes , Fernanda Villar Fonseca
Published: November 2023

Introduction: The skills, the techniques utilized in the conization and the hemostasis directly affect the healing process of the cervix tissue. Excessively large excisions and unnecessary use of electrocautery or hemostatic sutures are examples of procedures that may negatively affect the scar cascade and wound healing. Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine the effectiveness of honey-based ferric perchloride paste (HBFPP) in reducing bleeding and infection post-conization procedure. Methods: Prospective randomized clinical trial with a sample of 142 patients randomized in two groups: 78 patients who used the HBFPP (intervention) and 64 patients who did not use the HBFPP (control). Statistical analysis was performed utilizing a significance level of 95%. The Chi-Square test and Fisher’s exact test were applied. Results: Results showed that the mean score of the amount of blood lost was lower in the intervention group compared to the control group. The main complaints reported by the two groups in the postoperative period were discomfort in the genitourinary system, heavy bleeding after surgery, and post-operative infection, but not significantly different among both groups. The control group needed further intervention due to excessive bleeding in comparison with the intervention group. Conclusion: The use of HBFPP reduced the amount of blood lost in the postoperative period of conization surgery.
Complications of COVID-19 and possible role of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors and anti-platelet medications in lowering the risk of COVID -19 infection
Authors: K. RAVISHANKAR  , K. GNANESWARI  , K. SRUTH
Published: November 2023

COVID-19, the worldwide pandemic which effected the entire health care system, particularly showed its ill effects on patients with many comorbidities. Among the COVID-19 patients admitted in hospital, are with cardiovascular diseases and hypertension where associated with increased risk of mortality. Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI) and Angiotensin receptor-II blockers (ARB) were used in the management of hypertension and these medications revealed their beneficiary actions in the conditions of COVID -19 with Hypertension. On the other hand, COVID -19 also lead to thromboembolic complications which also required Intensive Care Unit admission within patients representing a unique condition termed as Covid Associated Coagulopathy (CAC). The impact of dual anti-platelet therapy reduced the risk of mechanical ventilation, ICU admission and mortality rate among individuals effected by Covid.
On exactness and splitting
Authors: YANG LIU
Published: November 2023

In this paper, we study the concepts of exactness and splitting in exact sequences of modules over a ring. We review some basic definitions and properties of exact sequences, and introduce the notions of short exact sequences, split exact sequences, projective modules, injective modules, and semisimple modules. We prove some important results relating these concepts, such as the splitting lemma. We also give some examples and applications of these results.
Reasons for absenteeism from work among staff nurses working in healthcare settings: A descriptive study
Authors: Moanam  , Amna Nawaz  , Amber Jackline  , Komal Mukhtar  , Ayesha Naveed Chaudhary  , Ajmal Iqbal
Published: November 2023

Uninformed absenteeism among nurses seems to be a multidimensional occurrence and is a cause of distress that affects the day-to-day managing of staff schedules, eventually compromising safe and effective healthcare delivery. This study has aimed to determine the other reasons for absenteeism from work among nurses. A descriptive cross-sectional design was used to conduct this study for around three months beginning on 16 September 2021- 26 November 2021. A total of 70 nurses working in different units of the hospital were selected through the non-probability convenience method. The majority of nurses i.e. 60% rated the ineffective policy of sick leaves as the most common reason for absenteeism from work and 55% graded nurse-to-patient ratio amongst the leading causes, other reasons reported were delay in payback and/or denial of overtime payment, lack of policies lack of motivation and inspiration, etc. In conclusion to the findings of this article, there is a dire need to find a solution to the reasons that lead to absence from work.
DESAIN STRATEGI BISNIS UD. ARSITA: PENERAPAN INVIVO DALAM COMPETITIVE FIVE FORCE (C5F)
Authors: Laisi Nyong Faturachman , Lawalata Victor O , Latuny Wilma
Published: November 2023

Tantangan yang dihadapi UD. Arsita mencakup lingkup pasar yang terbatas di Kecamatan Teluk Ambon, adanya produk-produk sejenis di pasar dan kecenderungan dari konsumen membeli produk pesaing baru di pasar. Inisiatif perusahaan membuka 2 pabrik roti baru untuk perluasan pasar, belum dapat memaksimalkan keuntungan yang ditargetkan. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menyajikan rancangan strategi bisnis baru yang kompetitif menggunakan pendekatan C5F. Data hasil wawancara terhadap pimpinan dan seluruh karyawan diolah menggunakan metode Nvivo untuk mengidentifikasi strategi menurut komponen C5F. Hasil penelitian berupa 20 strategi bisnis kompetitif mencakup 9 strategi ancaman pendatang baru, 3 strategi ancaman produk atau jasa pengganti, 2 strategi kekuatan penawaran pemasok, 4 strategi kekuatan penawaran pembeli, dan 2 strategi persaingan industri.
MODEL PEMILIHAN MODA TRANSPORTASI LAUT UNTUK PERJALANAN ANTAR-PULAU PADA RUTE TULEHU – AMAHAI
Authors: Sanaky Firda M , Titaley Stevianus , Mandaku Hanok
Published: November 2023

Ketidakseimbangan proporsi pilihan moda transportasi laut dapat berdampak baik pada kelancaran pergerakan, kelangsungan usaha maupun resiko kecelakaan akibat muatan lebih.  Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis proporsi pilihan moda transportasi laut oleh pelaku perjalanan pada rute Tulehu-Amahai di Provinsi Maluku. Metode yang digunakan adalah regresi linear berganda untuk mendapatkan model utilitas dan metode regresi logistik binomial untuk mendapatkan angka proporsi. Variabel yang dimodelkan, adalah: (1) pilihan moda (Y); (2) tarif kapal (X1); (3) waktu perjalanan (X2); dan (3) tingkat kenyamanan (X3). Data diperoleh menggunakan kuesioner dengan teknik stated preference dari 100 responden dan selanjutnya diolah dengan perangkat SPSS. Hasil penelitian menunjukan ketiga faktor tersebut berpengaruh signifikan terhadap keputusan pemilihan moda transportasi laut pada rute Tulehu-Amahai. Sedangkan model persamaan utilitas yang dihasilkan adalah, Y = 0.336 + 6,658x10-5X1+ 0.315X2 + 0.181X3 dengan angka proporsi adalah 88,8% untuk moda kapal cepat dan 11,3% untuk kapal ferry. Hasil ini mengindikasikan bahwa moda kapal cepat masih menjadi favorit pilihan oleh pelaku perjalanan karena memiliki keunggulan pada faktor waktu perjalanan dan tingkat kenyamanan. Untuk itu, pengembangan angkutan penyeberangan penting dilakukan guna meningkatkan aspek waktu perjalanan dan kenyamanan sehingga dapat menjamin proporsi pilihan moda secara berimbang pada rute tersebut.
Research
Authors: InaHRS InaHRS
Published: November 2023

Abstracts of the 10th Annual Scientific Meeting of the Indonesian Heart Rhythm Society (InaHRS) 2023: Research
Case Reports
Authors: InaHRS InaHRS
Published: November 2023

Abstracts of the 10th Annual Scientific Meeting of the Indonesian Heart Rhythm Society (InaHRS) 2023: Case Reports
Médicos, enfermos y enfermedades en la literatura epigramática: Marcial y Bocage
Authors: Simões André
Published: November 2023

En la literatura epigramática satírica grecolatina el médico charlatán y sus víctimas es uno de los tópicos más populares. En particular, los epigramas de Marcial están llenos de médicos que matan con su sola presencia, o que como gladiadores hacen lo mismo que cuando eran médicos. El Arcadismo del siglo XVIII, en su búsqueda de un nuevo clasicismo, recupera no solo el epigrama clásico en su forma breve, concisa y satírica, sino también sus temas, incluyendo en concreto el de los médicos y sus enfermos. En nuestro trabajo mostraremos cómo se realiza la relectura de este tópico de la epigramática clásica en los autores portugueses del siglo XVIII, especialmente en Bocage.
La noche como elemento estratégico-militar durante la guerra sertoriana en Hispania
Authors: Carrasco Serrano Gregorio , Romero Fernández David
Published: November 2023

El objetivo de este trabajo ha consistido en el estudio de la noche como recurso estratégico en el contexto de las campañas sertorianas en la Península Ibérica. Para ello, se han tenido en cuenta las referencias que las fuentes clásicas proporcionan al respecto para dicho período. Entre dichas fuentes cabe destacar a Salustio, Plutarco, Frontino y Livio.
Enhancing aspect-based financial sentiment analysis through contrastive learning
Authors: Ivanenko Viacheslav
Published: November 2023

The subject of research in the article explores the specialized application of Aspect-Based Financial Sentiment Analysis (ABFSA), focusing on the intricate and multifaceted emotional landscape of financial textual data. The study extends the current understanding of sentiment analysis by addressing its limitations and opportunities within a financial context. The purpose of the work is to advance the field of Aspect-Based Financial Sentiment Analysis by developing a more nuanced and effective methodology for analyzing sentiments in financial news. Additionally, the study aims to assess the efficacy of recent advancements in Natural Language Processing (NLP) and machine learning for enhancing ABFSA models. The article deals with the following tasks: Firstly, the study focuses on the rigorous pre-processing of the SEntFiN dataset to make it more amenable to advanced machine learning techniques, specifically contrastive learning methodologies. Secondly, it aims to architect a unified model that integrates state-of-the-art machine learning techniques, including DeBERTa v3,  contrast learning, and LoRa fine-tuning. Lastly, the research critically evaluates the proposed model's performance metrics across the test dataset and compares them with existing methodologies. The following methods are used: Firstly, the study employs pre-processing techniques tailored for the SEntFiN dataset, which is explicitly designed for entity-sensitive sentiment analysis in financial news. Secondly, it utilizes advanced machine learning techniques such as DeBERTa v3 for language model pre-training,  contrast learning for focusing on causal relationships, and LoRa for fine-tuning large language models. Lastly, performance evaluation methods are used to assess the efficacy of the proposed model, including comparisons with existing methodologies in the field.The following results were obtained: The study reveals that the proposed pre-processing framework successfully accommodates the variable number of entities present in financial news, thereby improving the granularity of sentiment classification. Furthermore, the integration of advanced NLP and machine learning techniques significantly enhances the accuracy and efficiency of ABFSA models. Conclusions: The paper concludes that specialized ABFSA methodologies, when augmented with advanced NLP techniques and a robust pre-processing framework, can offer a more nuanced and accurate representation of sentiment in financial narratives. The study lays the groundwork for future research in this nascent yet crucial interdisciplinary field, providing actionable insights for stakeholders ranging from investors to financial analysts.
The process of developing personal and meaningful readiness for working with pupils with disabilities during the introductory practice of future special education teachers
Authors: Sarapulova Mariya Aleksandrovna
Published: November 2023

The research aims to provide insight into the process of developing personal and meaningful readiness for working with pupils with disabilities during the introductory practice of future special education teachers. The paper characterizes the essence of personal and meaningful readiness for future special education teachers and provides the author’s definition. The significance of developing personal and meaningful readiness for working with pupils with disabilities is proven within the structure of consciousness, personal traits, and activities of future special education teachers. The scientific novelty of the research lies in identifying and justifying the criteria for evaluating the achievement of personal and meaningful readiness by students who will become future special education teachers and the role of the introductory (educational) practice in the development of this readiness. As a result of the research, based on the mechanisms of personal meaning transformation (meaning formation, meaning awareness, and meaning construction according to the works of D. A. Leontiev), the stages, goals, content, methods, and techniques for developing personal and meaningful readiness for working with pupils with disabilities during the students’ introductory practice were identified and formulated.
Extension of a standard balanced linguistic corpus built according to spaCy rules by connotative characteristics
Authors: Gorozhanov Alexey Ivanovich
Published: November 2023

The aim of the research is to develop the technology for automatically determining the sentiment of a text based on the existing author’s software package. The scientific novelty lies in the fact that the work proposes a structural and functional model of a fully automated process for assessing the sentiment of a text in conjunction with an analysis of its morphological characteristics; the technical terms “connotative amplitude” and “connotative density” are also introduced for the first time. The study built a database model that accommodates connotative numeric parameters; further, the program code for the “add-on” for the database generator has been written, which allows one to supplement the standard database with these parameters; finally, the technology was tested on the material of three novels by F. Kafka (“Castle”, “The Trial” and “America”) and two novels by E. M. Remarque (“All Quiet on the Western Front” and “Flotsam”) in the German language. As a result, it is proven that the “add-on” is a high-quality software product that does not cause technical failures and is capable of providing researchers with a whole set of connotative data for subsequent comprehensive interpretation of the text, on condition that the input tone dictionary is of high quality.
Evaluation of the impacts of random intentional interference on a data transmission system with cognitive pseudorandom switching of operating frequencies
Authors:   FSI Scientific Research Institute of System Analysis RAS, 117218, Russia, Moscow, Nakhimovskii prosp., 36, k.1, Genov A.A. , Slepyh A.A. ,   Bauman Moscow State Technical University, 105005, Russia, Moscow, 2-ya Baumanskaya ul., d. 5, str. 1, Suhov A.V. ,   Moscow Aviation Institute (National Research University), 125993, Russia, Moscow, Volokolamskoe shosse, d. 4, Filatov V.I. ,   Bauman Moscow State Technical University, 105005, Russia, Moscow, 2-ya Baumanskaya ul., d. 5, str. 1
Published: November 2023

The article considers the principles of constructing an adaptive radio link algorithm with pseudo-random switching of operating frequencies and evaluates the effectiveness of the impact of random and intentional interference on it. A software model of a radio channel with interference effects on it has been developed and numerical values of the number of correctly received symbols in various interference situations have been obtained. The results of statistical modeling are presented, which make it possible to evaluate the use of identification of the distribution of erroneous symbols to determine the type and amount of interference.
Special features of histidine metabolism with different kinds of animals
Authors: Malinovsky A.
Published: November 2023

Natural amino acids being a part of food protein are known to be divided into essential and non-essential; essential ones if they are not present in food cannot be synthesized. There are two amino acids, threonine and histidine, which up to the present time have been a mystery for the biochemical science. However, it is universally recognized that threonine can be referred to as an essential amino acid as its absence from the food of all vertebrates results in the negative nitrogen balance. That is why specific features of threonine transformation with reference to different kinds of animals are not dealt with in the present paper. At the same time it was as far back as the thirties of the XX century that the fact of histidine being an essential amino acid for rats, mice, dogs and chickens but non-essential for men was proved. On the basis of the histidine essentiality thesis, a steady viewpoint that every living thing is not capabale of histidine synthesis was formed. But in this case the question arises: in what way has histidine become a non-essential amino acid for a healthy adult whereas for children and patients suffering from nephritic problems it has remained an essential amino acid? In view of the above different theories were put forward: 1) histidine reserves in haemoglobin and carnisone; the latter is enough with reference to adults but insufficient with reference to children; 2) histidine synthesis is caused by intestinal bacteria. But except mice whose muscles do not contain carnosine, the latter is a source of histidine for rats and dogs, histidine being an essential amino acid. It is only in the XXI century that the discovery of histidinol dehydrogenase enzyme  has allowed to answer the question. Histidine essentiality / non-essentiality as well as any other amino acid should be taken into account when making up rations for people and agricultural animal.
Survival of Nematode Larvae after Treatment with Eugenol, Isoeugenol, Thymol, and Carvacrol
Authors: Boyko Olexandra , Brygadyrenko Viktor
Published: November 2023

Background: Helminthiases inflict annual losses on the meat and dairy livestock industries. The commonest species of ruminant parasites are the nematodes: Strongyloides papillosus and Haemonchus contortus, which lay eggs in the intestine and enter the feces. There, the eggs develop into larvae, which when voided with the feces crawl onto plants. Methods: In our experiment, we evaluated the survivability of the noninvasive and invasive (L1-2 and L3, respectively) larvae of S. papillosus, H. contortus (L3), and Muellerius capillaris (L1) in vitro by subjecting each to natural compounds present in the essential oils of many plants. In the experiment, we used aqueous emulsions of eugenol, isoeugenol, thymol, and carvacrol. Results: Administering 1% concentrations of those compounds killed 100% of the nematode larvae following 24 h of exposure. Thymol, eugenol, and isoeugenol at a concentration of 0.1% also caused high larvae mortality (over 96%). Conclusions: Continuous usage of synthetic anthelmintic drugs in veterinary medicine has led to the parasites developing resistance, thus, a search for novel nematicidal drugs is required. Eugenol, isoeugenol, thymol, and carvacrol are promising compounds against nematodes. However, additional research is required regarding peculiarities in their actions toward the bodies of mammals and parasitic nematodes.
Identification of Potential Inhibitors Targeting GTPase-Kirsten RAt Sarcoma Virus (K-Ras) Driven Cancers via E-Pharmacophore-Based Virtual Screening and Drug Repurposing Approach
Authors: Kumar. S Udhaya , Varghese Rinku Polachirakkal , Preethi V. Anu , Doss C. George Priya , Zayed Hatem
Published: November 2023

Background: Mutations in the K-Ras gene are among the most frequent genetic alterations in various cancers, and inhibiting RAS signaling has shown promising results in treating solid tumors. However, finding effective drugs that can bind to the RAS protein remains challenging. This drove us to explore new compounds that could inhibit tumor growth, particularly in cancers that harbor K-Ras mutations. Methods: Our study used bioinformatic techniques such as E-pharmacophore virtual screening, molecular simulation, principal component analysis (PCA), extra precision (XP) docking, and ADMET analyses to identify potential inhibitors for K-Ras mutants G12C and G12D. Results: In our study, we discovered that inhibitors such as afatinib, osimertinib, and hydroxychloroquine strongly inhibit the G12C mutant. Similarly, hydroxyzine, zuclopenthixol, fluphenazine, and doxapram were potent inhibitors for the G12D mutant. Notably, all six of these molecules exhibit a high binding affinity for the H95 cryptic groove present in the mutant structure. These molecules exhibited a unique affinity mechanism at the molecular level, which was further enhanced by hydrophobic interactions. Molecular simulations and PCA revealed the formation of stable complexes within switch regions I and II. This was particularly evident in three complexes: G12C-osimertinib, G12D-fluphenazine, and G12D-zuclopenthixol. Despite the dynamic nature of switches I and II in K-Ras, the interaction of inhibitors remained stable. According to QikProp results, the properties and descriptors of the selected molecules fell within an acceptable range compared to sotorasib. Conclusions: We have successfully identified potential inhibitors of the K-Ras protein, laying the groundwork for the development of targeted therapies for cancers driven by K-Ras mutations.
Risk of Cardiovascular Events with Cyclin-Dependent Kinases 4 and 6 (CDK 4/6) Inhibitors among Patients with Advanced Breast Cancer: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis
Authors: Liu Yi-Shao , Dong Kevin , Park Chanhyun
Published: November 2023

Background: Cyclin-dependent kinases 4 and 6 (CDK4/6) inhibitors have shown promising survival outcomes with additional treatments to the traditional endocrine therapy (ET) in patients with hormone receptor-positive (HR-positive) and human epidermal growth factor receptor type 2 negative (HER2–negative) advanced breast cancer (aBC). However, the head-to-head cardiovascular safety profile of these three agents (palbociclib, ribociclib, and abemaciclib) remains unclear. We summarized the incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) and hypertension associated with the use of CDK4/6 inhibitor in randomized control trials (RCTs) and compared the risks of MACE and hypertension through network-meta analysis (NMA). Methods: A systematic search through PubMed and Cochrane Library was performed to identify phase III RCTs reporting cardiovascular safety data of CDK4/6 inhibitors in patients with aBC. We qualitatively synthesized the incidence of MACE and hypertension associated with CDK4/6 inhibitor use within on-treatment or placebo-controlled duration. A Bayesian NMA with random-effects models was performed, and pairwise comparisons between treatment options were presented by odds ratio (OR). The probability of each treatment arm’s relative ranking was reported using surface under the cumulative ranking curve (SUCRA) scores. A sensitivity analysis was conducted using the Mantel–Haenszel (MH) method. Results: Nine RCTs with four unique treatment arms and event(s) in at least one arm were included in the NMA. A total of 5218 patients were analyzed for MACE outcomes. The overall incidence of MACE in the CDK4/6 inhibitors+ET arm was 0.8%, while the endocrine therapy alone group was 0.4%. Abemaciclib+ET ranked the best in reducing the risk of MACE (SUCRA = 0.90) as compared to ET alone (SUCRA = 0.67, OR = 0.45, 95% credible interval (CI) = 0.07–2.82), palbociclib+ET (SUCRA = 0.25, OR = 0.09, 95% CI = 0.00–2.39) and ribociclib+ET (SUCRA = 0.17, OR = 0.08, 95% CI = 0.00–1.18). The findings were similar in the MH network. However, abemaciclib+ET (OR = 0.11; 95% CI = 0.02–0.81) had a significantly lower risk of MACE than ribociclib+ET in the MH network. No statistically significant differences in hypertension were shown among all comparisons. Conclusions: Abemaciclib+ET may have a lower risk of MACE for the treatment of aBC, while palbociclib+ET may reduce the risk of hypertension in this population. Our findings suggest a comparative cardiovascular safety trend among the three CDK4/6 inhibitors, but further research on direct comparisons is needed to guide treatment choice.
Modelling of green manufacturing barriers using a survey-integrated decision-making approach
Authors:   Department of Mechanical Engineering, Mody University of Science and Technology. Lakshmangarh, India, Sharma Vikrant , Kumar Mukesh ,   Department of Mechanical Engineering, Vivekananda Global University, Jaipur, India, Chatterjee Prasenjit ,   Department of Mechanical Engineering, MCKV Institute of Engineering, Howrah, West Bengal, India, Gonzalez Ernesto D.R. Santibanez ,   Department of Industrial Engineering and CES 4.0, Faculty of Engineering, University of Talca, Curico, Chile
Published: November 2023

Green manufacturing (GM) barriers encompass challenges and obstacles that impede the seamless adoption and effective implementation of environmentally sustainable practices within the manufacturing industry. This paper is dedicated to identifying, analyzing, ranking, and modeling the primary barriers that hinder the integration of GM practices. The study meticulously identifies 11 barriers through an extensive literature review and expert opinions. These barriers are subsequently validated by gathering insights from 90 survey responses. To evaluate these challenges, the study employs a survey-based integrated decision-making model that synergizes Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (FAHP), Interpretive Structural Modeling (ISM), and Matrice d'Impacts Croisés Multiplication Appliquée à un Classement (MICMAC) methods. This model not only ranks the identified barriers but also delves into their intricate interrelationships. A sensitivity analysis is conducted to fortify the dependability of the findings. Among these obstacles, two stand out as the most prominent including “lack of research and development facilities” and “insufficient in-house knowledge on environmental issues”. This research represents a pioneering endeavor in its domain, shedding light on the vital realm of green manufacturing and its associated challenges.
Multiverse analysis for dynamic network models: Investigating the influence of plausible alternative modeling choices
Authors: Siepe Björn S. , Heck Daniel W.
Published: November 2023

The analysis of time series data has become very popular in psychology. Specifying complex time series models involves many researchers' degrees of freedom, meaning that a wide range of plausible analysis strategies are possible. However, researchers typically perform and report only a single, preferred analysis while ignoring alternative assumptions and specifications that may lead to different conclusions. As a remedy, we propose multiverse analysis to investigate the robustness of time series network analysis to arbitrary, auxiliary modeling choices. We focus on group iterative multiple model estimation (GIMME), a highly data-driven modeling approach, and re-analyze two data sets (combined n=199) that were originally analyzed with GIMME. For each data set, we vary seven model parameters in a factorial design, resulting in 3,888 fitted models. We report the robustness of results at the group, subgroup, and individual levels and provide a web application to interactively explore our results. Group-level and, to a lesser extent, subgroup-level results were mostly stable across the multiverse with some differences between the two data sets. Individual-level estimates were more heterogeneous. Some modeling decisions (e.g., number of fit indices required for convergence) influenced results and conclusions more strongly. Overall, the robustness of GIMME to alternative modeling choices depends on the level of analysis. At the individual level, results may differ strongly even when changing the algorithm only slightly, which is highly relevant for applications such as clinical treatment selection and intervention. Multiverse analysis therefore is a valuable tool for checking the robustness of results from time series models.
Introduction: The arts, architectures, affects, and ecologies of Spinoza in Aotearoa
Authors: Chua Eu Jin
Published: November 2023

Journal article / Editor's introduction to special issue
Understanding Cancer Biology
Authors: Nadile Matteo , Tsiani Evangelia
Published: November 2023

Knowledge Mobilization
The Expression Regulation Scale (ERS): Validation of three emotion dimensions for expressive norms with close and distant others in private and public contexts
Authors: Monaghan Conal , Shou Yiyun , Mewton Paige , Quayle Anika , Dawel Amy
Published: November 2023

The social norms for expression that guide emotional communication are critical for successful interpersonal interaction. However, the intricate emotional architecture underpinning these norms has remained largely unexplored. Our study is the first in-depth investigation of expressive norms across a wide spectrum of 64 theory-informed emotions. We measured expressive norms ranging from suppression to over-expression within two different contexts (public vs. private) and interactant types (close relations vs. distant others). Using a theory-building subsample (n = 507), we employed ant colony optimization (AOC) and a suite of factor analytical techniques to distill the emotions into three dimensions: harmonious, vulnerable, and disharmonious. Subsequent validation in a separate confirmatory subsample (n = 506) supported this structure in all situations (conditions), providing evidence these dimensions are robust. Notably, this new Expression Regulation Scale (ERS) demonstrated scalar invariance across all situations using repeated measures Confirmatory Factor Analysis. We introduce scoring metrics and norms to aid researchers and practitioners in their analytical endeavors and highlight potential avenues for future research aimed at enriching our understanding of expression regulation.
Engendering the Gig Economy in India - Policy Brief
Authors: Ghosh Anweshaa , Ramachandran Risha
Published: November 2023

In recent years, the advancements in the field of information and communication technology (ICTD) have further casualized the market with digitally driven platforms of work. While labour has been devalued through neoliberal economic restructuring, the ‘sharing eonomy’ defined by companies born from information technology platform have changed the landscape of labour. The result of this by-product of neo-liberalisation is that the speed, scope, and scale have changed considerably, with jobs lasting as little as few minutes. This new industry has exacerbated neoliberalism’s industrial relations to the point where a new term, the ‘Gig Economy’, has arisen to describe that workers now have ‘‘gigs’’ instead of jobs (Zwick, 2018; Bracha and Burke, 2018; Yaraghi and Ravi, 2017). The sharing or the gig economy is largely an urban phenomenon; it is fast becoming a primary means through which urban residents access desired goods and services, transforming urban economies (Davidson and Infranca, 2016). In the neo-liberal framework, the gig economy has opened up new forms of work aided by technology – ability to earn well, built on the promise of ‘flexibility’ to choose ones work hours.
Locating the Processes of Non-State Relief Work During the Covid-19 Lockdown in Delhi, A Study Report
Authors: Zaidi Mubashira , Ramachandran Risha , Datta Ayesha , Jha Sneha , Kaur Ashmeet
Published: November 2023

The initial phases of Covid-19 proved to be devastating for many people in India. The national lockdown announced by the central government led to a panic situation particularly in urban slums with a high density of population, where a large majority of people lived with poor access to public infrastructure, and engaged in low-paid precarious forms of work, with little or no social security or social protection against loss of incomes and jobs. While the state failed on various counts to protect such vulnerable populations, local communities and civil society responded with alacrity to assuage the situation and provide relief. This study, ‘Locating the Processes of Non-state Relief Work during the Covid-19 Lockdown in Delhi’, highlights the critical role played by communities and civil society to reduce human suffering during the Covid-19 lockdown, and is an effort to understand the various vulnerabilities that came to the fore, the mechanisms of relief work and care that were undertaken through local collective action, as well as the collaborations and networks that were locally built to respond to the crisis situation