bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Breve 25. Acceso, desarrollo y regulación económica del mercado de medicamentos de Brasil
Authors:   Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo
Published: April 2022

El gasto en salud viene creciendo a un ritmo mucho más elevado que el ingreso de los países en prácticamente todo el mundo. Este aumento se debe a muchos factores, incluyendo la transición demográfica y epidemiológica, el aumento de las expectativas de la clase media y, principalmente, la presencia de más y mejores tecnologías sanitarias, tales como medicamentos y dispositivos médicos. El caso de Brasil no escapa a la regla general. El gasto en medicamentos aumentó un 40% de 2010 a 2015. Actualmente, este gasto representa el 16% del presupuesto público en salud. Para hacer frente a este desafío, el país ha implementado entre sus políticas la regulación de precios de medicamentos. Este documento presenta las principales estrategias que el país ha adoptado y los resultados logrados hasta el momento; resaltando la importancia de diseños regulatorios alineados con los objetivos de política de los países y el contexto local.
Thermal Radiation and Viscous Dissipation Effects on (MHD) Bioconvection Stream of Maxwell Nanoliquid over a Permeable Vertical Plate Due to Gyrotactic Microorganisms
Authors: Reddy Thummala Sankar , Roja Parakapali , Ibrahim Shaik Mohammed , Lorenzini Giulio
Published: April 2022

This manuscript deliberates on thermal radiation and viscous dissipation possessions on magneto-hydrodynamic (MHD) bioconvection stream of a new variety of water established the upper-convected Maxwell, Nanoliquid covering Nanoparticles and motile gyrotactic microorganisms over an absorptive vertical moving plate. Nanoliquid bio convective is developed through the mutual possessions of buoyant forces and magnetic field on the collaboration of motile microorganisms and Nanoparticles. The leading nonlinear PDE of the problem are transforming into a structure of nonlinear ODE over suitable similarity conversion and shooting method procedure joined with Runge–Kutta–Fehlberg integration pattern, the exemplary BVP is attempted numerically. A parametric investigation of the complete stream regime is supported out to demonstrate the possessions of the leading constraints, specifically bioconvection Lewis quantity Lb, traditional Lewis quantity Le, bioconvection Peclet quantity Pe, buoyancy quotient constraint Nr, bioconvection Rayleigh quantity Rb, Brownian motion constraint Nb, thermophoresis constraint Nt, Hartmann quantity Ha, Grashof quantity Gr, radiation constraint R Eckert quantity Ec, microorganisms concentration variance constraint Ω and a suction/injection constraint fw on the flow, temperature, volume fraction of nanoparticles and motile microorganisms density outlines as well as the friction quantity, the local Nusselt quantity, the local Sherwood quantity and the local density quantity of the motile microorganisms.
Materials and Economic Aspects of Designing Microwave Electrical Installations
Authors: Tukhvatullin Midhat , Arkhangelsky Yuri , Aipov Rustam , Khasanov Eduard
Published: April 2022

Ultrahigh-frequency electro-technical installations are capable of performing thermal microwave modification of dielectric and non-thermal microwave modification of polymer materials and products, as a result of which new properties and parameters appear in the object processed in the working chamber of such an installation. When designing microwave electrical installations, it is necessary to consider the relationship between the dielectric parameters of the processed object and the parameters of the microwave electromagnetic field of the working chamber of the installation. The paper considers the influence of the parameters of the processed dielectrics on the synthesis of working chambers of microwave electrical installations and mathematical modelling of heat treatment in a microwave electromagnetic field, the structure and parameters of the installation on its economic efficiency. Consideration of the materials science and economic aspects of microwave electrical technology allows to accelerate and reduce the cost of design in microwave electrical technology.
Mobile Chipper Scheduling in the Production of Fuel Chips
Authors: Voronova Anna , Kunickaya Ol'ga , Burmistrova Daria , Storodubtseva Tamara , Chzhan Svetlana , Nikiforova Valentina , Shvetsova Viktoria , Kalita Evgenii
Published: April 2022

Due to economic and environmental factors, boiler houses are forced to switch to wood fuel, which is very popular in the modern world. The most practical way to supply them with wood fuel is to mobilize mobile chippers that can move between different boiler houses and save money on additional chipping equipment. This paper seeks to build a mathematical model to optimize the movement of a mobile chipper between multiple boiler houses and its operation during the heating season. The model was designed for long-term planning, and it relies on a simplex algorithm. It considers three crucial parameters: machine capacity, feedstock amount, and traveled distance, and is suitable for schedule modeling purposes in the presence of fewer than 12 nodes. The number of nodes can be higher after a heuristic rule is applied. The proposal can be help schedule the biomass feedstock development at the regional level and switch to the local types of fuel. In addition, it will reduce the cost of thermal energy and increase the volume of wood waste chipped.
Comparative Study of the Effect of Dry, Mineral Oil, and TiO2 Nano-Lubricant on Tool Wear During Face-Milling Machining of Ti-6al-4v-Eli Using Carbide Tool Insert
Authors: Okokpujie Imhade P. , Tartibu Lagouge K.
Published: April 2022

Titanium alloys are valuable materials in the manufacturing industry. They are applied to develop major parts in the aerospace, automobile, and aeronautic industry. The major challenge faced by the manufacturer is the ability to cut Titanium alloys to the specific shape desired. The influence of nanoparticles as an additive to the mineral oil is vital in the machining of Titanium alloys to reduce vibration and friction, leading to high wear in the cutting tool. The quest for a sustainable and reliable method to minimize tool wear and increase efficiency has led to the nano-lubricants application during metal machining. Therefore, this research focus on the impact of three machining cutting conditions on TI-6AL-4V-ELI during face-milling operations. The Taguchi experimental design method was employed to study the machining factors effects on the tool wear by varies the machining factors, such as Cutting speed: 2000 rpm, 2500 rpm, and 3000 rpm, Feed rate: 150 mm/min, 200 mm/min, 250 mm/min, Depth of Cut: 0.3 mm, 0.6 mm, and 0.9 mm and the cutting conditions: dry, mineral oil and Titanium Oxide (TiO2) nano-lubricant to study their effects on the Carbide Insert cutting tool wear minimization for improving workpiece's machinability. This research also studies the interactions of the machining factors on the tool wear under the three lubrication cutting conditions. The findings confirm that the state of TiO2 nano-lubricants decreased the tool wear for all the experimental runs. The signal-to-noise ratio results from the Taguchi design show that the cutting condition has a significant role in having 5.794. The cutting speed of 2.145, the feed rate of 0.789, and the depth of cut were 0.724. Furthermore, the generated model could predict the cutting tool wear rate with 97%, proving that the experimental result is viable for application in the manufacturing industry.
Improved Thermal Performance of the Fully Developed Region in the Partially Spirally Grooved Pipe
Authors: Hamzah Dhafer A. , Al-Farhany Khaled
Published: April 2022

The influence of the helical grooved path in the pipe was studied in the fully developed region of the pipe in this study. In fact, the applicable depth and pitch ratios minimize the cost and the production time of the manufacturing process. The Finite Volume Method (FNM) has been used with RNG k-ε turbulent model in this study. Heat and fluid flow in a pipe with a diameter of 0.25 m and a length of 5 m have been simulated. The improvement area starts after 3 meters, which represents to fully developed region, as examined and confirmed. The results showed that the efficiency improved by 5.8% compared to the plain pipe.
Os significados do crédito para as famílias de baixa renda
Authors: Luiz Gilberto Venâncio , Silva Neuza Maria da , Pinto Marcelo de Rezende
Published: April 2022

Esse artigo relata resultados de uma pesquisa cujo objetivo foi compreender os significados do crédito pelas famílias de baixa renda. Na pesquisa, com abordagem qualitativa e baseada na grounded theory, foram investigadas famílias de baixa renda de uma cidade do interior de Minas Gerais. O corpus da pesquisa foi de 13 entrevistas e os dados coletados foram examinados com base na Análise de Conteúdo e nos procedimentos de codificação propostos na grounded theory. Os resultados permitem afirmar que o crédito tem uma conotação positiva e outra negativa. As positivas envolvem os significados do crédito como poder de compra, facilitador da vida das famílias, credibilidade pessoal e segurança. As negativas dizem respeito ao entendimento do crédito como uma ferramenta perigosa que envolve risco, dívida e problemas financeiros. O significado ambivalente advém das experiências negativas e positivas em relação ao uso do crédito vivenciadas pelas famílias, pelos seus familiares e pelos seus amigos. Conclui-se, dessa forma, que a interação entre as vivências dos indivíduos com parentes próximos e amigos é algo fundamental na construção do significado ambivalente do crédito.
As perspectivas do home office pós-pandemia na percepção do empregado: uma pesquisa de campo
Authors: Ferreira André , Pereira Amanda Carolina Vieira , Faustino Nathalien Pereira Foratini , Mendonça Raísa Caroline de Paula , Oliveira Ualison Rébula de
Published: April 2022

Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo analisar a percepção de profissionais que atuaram em regime de home office antes e durante o período de pandemia da Covid-19, visando identificar as vantagens, desvantagens e os desafios desta prática, bem como suas perspectivas de continuidade em um contexto de pós-pandemia. A revisão da literatura abordou o conceito e a evolução do teletrabalho e pesquisas relacionadas a experiências e práticas do home office. Foi realizado um survey dirigido às pessoas que já exerceram atividades em home office, por meio de disponibilização de um link com um questionário em Google Forms em redes sociais, com ênfase no site LinkedIn, e mensagens de WhatsApp para grupos dentro do perfil de respondente desejado. O link ficou disponível durante uma semana e recebeu 407 respostas. Após análise, 69 questionários foram descartados por não atenderem aos requisitos da pesquisa. Sendo assim, foram utilizadas 338 respostas para análise dos dados, considerando apenas os indivíduos que trabalharam nessa modalidade pelo menos em algum momento de suas vidas profissionais, sendo esse momento antes, durante, ou antes e durante a pandemia. Os principais resultados indicam que o home office é uma tendência para um futuro próximo, com cenário favorável à sua prática, mas será necessário a estruturação da modalidade por parte das organizações, com foco em fornecimento de recursos, melhoria no suporte e apoio na definição mais clara de limites da fronteira entre o profissional e o pessoal no home office.
Construcción y deconstrucción de la subjetividad jurídica. Una reflexión sobre cuerpos y tecnologías desde Shulamith Firestone hasta Donna Haraway
Authors: Vantin Serena
Published: April 2022

Este artículo tiene como objetivo presentar una reflexión crítica sobre la subjetividad jurídica, centrándose en el impacto de la tecnología en los problemas jurídicos del feminismo. En particular, después de una descripción general acerca de las mujeres en la tecnología y de mujeres y tecnología, se examinan las perspectivas de Shulamith Firestone y Donna Haraway. La primera lleva a la “construcción” del sujeto jurídico, sobre la base de un acto voluntario y racional (individual); la segunda, en cambio, conduce a la “deconstrucción” de la subjetividad jurídica en sí misma. Algunas consideraciones finales enfatizan las implicaciones que las reflexiones críticas sobre cuerpos, tecnologías y subjetividad tienen sobre la teoría del derecho y su finalidad.
Colonialidades legales: la constitucionalización de la justicia indígena y la continuidad del discurso judicial hegemónico en Ecuador
Authors: López Hidalgo Sebastián , Tapia Tapia Silvana
Published: April 2022

Este estudio examina una sentencia vinculante sobre la exigibilidad de la justicia indígena dictada en 2014 por la Corte Constitucional de Ecuador. Si bien la plurinacionalidad, la interculturalidad y la jurisdicción indígena se habían reconocido en la Constitución de 2008, evidenciamos que la decisión de la Corte no transmitió una comprensión intercultural del Estado plurinacional. Con base en un examen de los registros parlamentarios de la Asamblea Constituyente de 2007-2008 y sus mesas de trabajo, analizamos las peticiones del movimiento indígena y las comparamos con la sentencia constitucional de 2014, evidenciando un momento inicial de aparente inclusión en la fase constituyente, que luego se confirma como de exclusión a través de la práctica de la Corte. Argumentamos que la aspiración indígena a un Estado plurinacional no era solo una demanda de inclusión, sino que constituía un llamado contrahegemónico que debería haber proporcionado las bases para integrar diversas representaciones de la justicia en la práctica judicial. Sin embargo, la Corte legitimó una imagen monolítica de la justicia, restringiendo la protección del derecho a la vida a los límites del derecho penal. La Corte Constitucional reafirmó así al aparato penal como el único mecanismo legítimo para proteger la vida como bien jurídico, lo que a su vez subordina a la justicia indígena, restringiendo severamente su aplicabilidad. Este caso nos puede advertir sobre los peligros de un reconocimiento constitucional inferior en contextos jurídicos plurales.
Atrakcyjne turystycznie źródła na niżu polskim
Authors: Girjatowicz Józef P.
Published: April 2022

Na podstawie materiałów opublikowanych i własnych badań wyszczególniono 27 źródeł na niżu polskim najbardziej atrakcyjnych pod względem turystycznym. Opisano najważniejsze ich walory krajobrazowe i turystyczne – rzeźba miejsca wypływu wody, rodzaj utworów, charakter obudowania źródła i towarzysząca im infrastruktura turystyczna. W miarę możliwości podawano także wydajność źródła, temperaturę wody, jej kolor, właściwości lecznicze oraz zwrócono uwagę na ciekawe obiekty przyrodnicze, obiekty kultu religijnego i ciekawostki historyczne związane ze źródłem. Rozmieszczenie tych źródeł na niżu polskim jest nierównomierne. Najwięcej ich występuje w rejonie wysoczyzn morenowych oraz w głęboko wciętych dolinach rzecznych i rynnach jezior.
A clinical case of a big urethral recurrence after cystectomy in a patient with invasive bladder cancer
Authors: Balkanov Andrey S. , Vinogradov Alexander V. , Bazaev Vladimir V. , Stepanova Elena A. , Garmash Sergei V.
Published: April 2022

The urethral recurrence (UR) of invasive bladder cancer (iBC) after cystectomy is observed in 6% of patients at highest. In this clinical observation of a 38-year old man, a mass (103 38 mm) was found in the proximal urethra by magnetic resonance imaging at 15 months after radical (R0) cystectomy for iBC pT4aN0M0. The clinical picture of UR was characterized by urethrorrhagia and priapism with associated advanced pain syndrome. At 3 months after surgical resection of the UR and subsequent chemotherapy, distant lung, liver and bone metastases were found, which led to the patient's death at 5 months after penectomy. This clinical case indicates that after radical cystectomy, the occurrence of a big-sized urethral recurrence of iBC can cause rapid development of distant metastatic disease.
Haemoptysis as symptom of SARS-CoV-2 infection – case study
Authors: Galle Dagmara , Górka Martyna , Gałeczka-Turkiewicz Alicja , Kulpa Justyna , Tomaszewski Grzegorz , Ziora Dariusz , Jastrzębski Dariusz
Published: April 2022

Od ponad dwóch lat lekarze i naukowcy zajmują się zagadnieniem COVID-19, czyli choroby wywołanej zakażeniem nowym koronawirusem SARS-CoV-2. Różnorodne objawy i powikłania COVID-19 nadal nie zostały poznane. W artykule przedstawiono przypadek 61-letniej kobiety z przewlekłym zapaleniem oskrzeli w wywiadzie, która po przebytym COVID-19 została przyjęta na Oddział Pulmonologiczny Samodzielnego Publicznego Szpitala Klinicznego nr 1 im. prof. Stanisława Szyszko w Zabrzu z powodu krwioplucia. Badania kliniczne, laboratoryjne i obrazowe wykazały, że krwioplucie najprawdopodobniej było skutkiem zapalenia dróg oddechowych. Chora była leczona antybiotykami, glikokortykosteroidami, lekami przeciwkrwotocznymi oraz przeciwkaszlowymi. W trakcie pobytu w szpitalu krwioplucie stopniowo ustępowało i pacjentkę wypisano do domu w bardzo dobrym stanie klinicznym.
ПРИМЕНЕНИЕ СТАТИСТИЧЕСКИХ МЕТОДОВ НА ОСНОВЕ ГИС ДЛЯ ОЦЕНКИ ПОТЕНЦИАЛЬНОГО РАЗВИТИЯ ОПОЛЗНЕЙ В РАЙОНЕ ШАПА, ВЬЕТНАМ
Authors: Ван Бинь Зыонг , Фоменко Игорь Константинович , Нгуен Чунг Киен , Ви Тхи Хонг Лиен , Зеркаль Олег Владимирович , Ву Хонг Данг
Published: April 2022

Ссылка для цитирования: Применение статистических методов на основе ГИС для оценки потенциального развития оползней в районе Шапа, Вьетнам / Зыонг Ван Бинь, И.К. Фоменко, Нгуен Чунг Киен, Ви Тхи Хонг Лиен, О.В. Зеркаль, Ву Хонг Данг // Известия Томского политехнического университета. Инжиниринг георесурсов. – 2022. – Т. 333. – № 4. – С. 126-140.

Актуальность. Прогнозирование и минимизация последствий стихийных бедствий являются важнейшими задачами для правительств во всем мире, включая Вьетнам. Оползни являются одним из наиболее распространенных видов стихийных бедствий во Вьетнаме, особенно в северных горных провинциях, что приводит к значительным человеческим жертвам и материальному ущербу. В этом исследовании для оценки потенциального развития оползней в районе Шапа, провинция Лаокай, применялись статистические методы, с использованием геоинформационных систем (ГИС). Для решения поставленной задачи было отобрано девять факторов, определяющих оползневую восприимчивость на рассматриваемой территории: высота над уровнем моря, расстояние до дорог, крутизна склонов, расстояние от разломов, среднемесячное количество осадков, вертикальное расчленение рельефа, землепользование, тип коры выветривания и расстояние до эрозионной сети. Основная цель исследования заключается в подготовке карт потенциального развития оползней для района Шапа. Кроме того, выполненные работы продемонстрировали эффективность использованных статистических методов при оценке восприимчивости территории к оползневому процессу. Объектом исследования является оползневая восприимчивость в районе Шапа  провинции  Лаокай  (Вьетнам). Методы: статистические методы с использованием ГИС, включая метод соотношения частотностей (англ. Frequency Ratio method – FR), метод анализа оползневой восприимчивости (англ. Landslide Susceptibility Analysis method – LSA) и метод статистического индекса (англ. Statistical Index  method – SI). Результаты. Были построены для исследуемой территории, которая была разделена на пять зон: очень низкого потенциала, низкого потенциала, среднего потенциала, высокого потенциала и очень высокого потенциала. Площадь под кривой ошибок была использована для оценки достоверности этих моделей. Проценты успеха моделей для тренировочных данных составляют 74,60 % (FR), 70,82 % (LSA) и 76,36 % (SI). Проценты прогнозирования моделей для данных тестирования составляют 77,01 % (FR), 74,36 % (LSA) и 78,11 % (SI). Оценка эффективности моделей показала, что все три метода являются эффективными для оценки потенциального развития оползневого процесса в районе исследования. Результаты исследований имеют исключительно важное значение для планирования землепользования и экономического развития, а также для минимизации ущерба от оползней.
REGIONAL ANALYSIS OF THE OCCURRENCE AND SPREAD OF ENGINEERING-GEOLOGICAL PROCESSES IN THE REPUBLIC OF BELARUS
Authors: Галкин Александр Николаевич , Красовская Ирина Анатольевна , Павловский Александр Илларионович , Шершнёв Олег Владимирович
Published: April 2022

Link for citation: Galkin A.N., Krasovskaya I.A., Pavlovsky A.I., Shershnev O.V. Regional analysis of the occurrence and spread of engineering-geological processes in the Republic of Belarus. Bulletin of the Tomsk Polytechnic University. Geo Аssets Engineering, 2022, vol. 333, no. 4, рр. 202-214. In Rus.

The relevance. The issues of studying the scale of distribution and causes of engineering-geological processes in the Republic of Belarus are positioned as one of the priority issues among the wide range of geoecological problems. Obtaining such information allows identifying and analyzing the factors of human economic activity that impact the geological environmental state, identifying the emergence and presence of threats in urbanized territories, leading to decrease in the safety and living conditions of humans. The aim of the research is to analyze the causes and degrees of manifestation of the most noticeable in the regional plan engineering-geological processes occurring in Belarus. Objects: urbanized territories, mineral extraction and processing facilities, reclaimed land, phenomena and processes resulting from engineering and geological human activity. Methods: research and classification engineering-geological processes developing on the territory of Belarus; expert and comparative methods were used to systematize and analyze the main factors of their occurrence and development on the territory of the country, based on the results of earlier published works and present time field investigations carried out by the authors. Results. The author's expert evaluation and field methods of research have established that the most common factors of occurrence and activation of engineering-geological processes in the Republic of Belarus include: land reclamation, open-pit mining and subsurface mining, groundwater overexploitation, static and dynamic loads from structures and transport, engineering and human economic activities in urbanized areas, natural climatic conditions, and the genesis and composition of rocks. Engineering-geological processes and phenomena such as groundwater table drawdown, gravitational processes, local earthquakes, suffusion, frost heaving, flooding, and waterlogging are identified and characterized. The spread of engineering-geological processes and phenomena has both a local character within settlements and covers vast areas of dozens of square kilometers. As a result of the study, the mapping of sources of technogenic impact on the geological environment and the manifestations of engineering-geological processes in the territory of Belarus were compiled.
Malaria, HIV and TB in Tanzania: Epidemiology, Disease Control Challenges and Interventions
Authors: Avis William
Published: April 2022

Tanzania, officially the United Republic of Tanzania, is a country in East Africa within the African Great Lakes region. The population is estimated to be 61 million in 2021. Malaria, HIV and tuberculosis (TB) are significant public health concerns in Tanzania. HIV/AIDS was the third leading cause of death in the country in 2019 (Global Burden of Disease, 2021), accounting for 27,000 deaths in 2020 (UNAIDS, 2020). Tanzania is among the ten countries with the highest malaria cases and deaths (3% of the global cases, 13.4% of cases in East and Southern Africa, and 5% of global deaths) (Severe Malaria Observatory, 2021). Tanzania is one of the High TB Burden Countries, and one of the High TB/HIV Burden Countries. In Tanzania, it is estimated that of 154,000 new cases of TB in 2017, 31% (48,000) were also HIV positive (WHO, 2018). TB has been the leading cause of death among HIV positive individuals (Mollel et al., 2019), a close monitoring of its occurrence in this subgroup of people is important. This rapid literature review highlights key aspects of the epidemiology of malaria, HIV and TB in Tanzania and challenges in prevention, detection and treatment; and surveys select interventions that seek to address these challenges. This is part of a series of reports looking into Epidemiology of Malaria, human immune deficiency virus (HIV) and tuberculosis (TB) across a set of African Nations.
Malaria, HIV and TB in Zimbabwe: Epidemiology, Disease Control Challenges and Interventions
Authors: Haider Huma
Published: April 2022

Zimbabwe is a lower-middle income country in southern Africa with a population of approximately 15 million. Malaria, HIV and tuberculosis (TB) remain important public health concerns in the country, despite significant progress over the past two decades. Malaria incidence has declined markedly between 2003 and 2019 (by 81% from 2003 to 2015), but has risen since, particularly during the Covid-19 pandemic (Gwitira et al., 2020; Tapera, 2019). Zimbabwe is one of 22 high burden countries for HIV (Chimwaza et al., 2021). While HIV prevalence has declined from 27.2% in 1998 to 11.9% in 2020, Zimbabwe has the fifth highest HIV prevalence in sub-Saharan Africa (UNAIDS, 2020; UNDP, 2020b). Zimbabwe is among the 14 high burden countries for TB, multi-drug resistant TB and TB-HIV coinfection (UNDP, 2020c). TB case incidence and mortality have declined by over 60% between 2011 and 2018, however, TB mortality remains high, at 15% among notified TB clients (Global Fund, 2020; UNDP, 2020b). This rapid literature review highlights key aspects of the epidemiology of malaria, HIV and TB in Zimbabwe and challenges in prevention, detection and treatment; and surveys select interventions that seek to address these challenges. It has not been possible to provide a comprehensive and dedicated review of the many interventions in Zimbabwe in this report. The Covid-19 pandemic is addressed as a key control challenge for malaria, HIV and TB – with various Covid-19 related issues sign-posted throughout the report. Covid-19 mitigation measures have affected the delivery and utilisation of HIV, TB, and malaria services: the largest effect is projected to result from interruption of antiretroviral therapy (ART); decline in TB case detection; and interruption of preventive indoor residual spraying (IRS) and long-lasting insecticidal net (LLIN) distribution campaigns, respectively (Amimo et al., 2020).
Reporting suspected adverse reactions to COVID-19 vaccines in Portugal: side effects per vaccine type, gender, and age up to July 2021
Authors: Pires Carla
Published: April 2022

dverse drug reactions (ADRs) of COVID-2019 vaccines require close monitoring. This study aimed to describe and discuss the most frequent ADRs of COVID-2019 vaccines and their prevalence per age group, gender, and vaccine type in Portugal up to 22 July 2021. ADR reports of COVID-19 vaccines were collected from a public report of INFARMED, I.P. (the Portuguese Medicines Agency). There were 11,314 ADRs notified per 11,002,983 COVID-19 vaccines administered in Portugal - 1 ADR per 1,000 vaccines administered and 0.4 serious ADR per 1,000 vaccines administered. The most commonly reported ADRs were myalgia, headache, pyrexia, pain at the injection site, and fatigue. More ADRs occurred in women and younger individuals. A slightly higher percentage of reported ADRs occurred with Vaxzervria. In conclusion, ADRs were mainly related to non-serious reactions. COVID-19 vaccines maintain a favourable safety profile in Portugal, although the types and prevalence of ADRs are likely to differ between different types of COVID-19 vaccines. Men may need to be motivated to more frequently report ADRs. Keywords: COVID-19; adverse drug reactions; vaccination; COVID-19 vaccines; pharmacovigilance
ŞUKÛHÎ’NİN MÜNÂZARA-İ AKL U AŞK MESNEVÎSİ
Authors: ŞEHİTOĞLU İhsan
Published: April 2022

Din, mitoloji ve gelenek üçgeninde divan şairinin duygu, düşünce ve hayalleriyle birçok edebî tür farklı nazım şekilleriyle yazılmıştır. Münazaralar da divan şiirinde sıkça görülen edebî türler arasındadır. Kökeni Sümerce ve Akadca metinlere kadar dayanan münazaralar farklı ulusların edebiyatlarında da karşımıza çıkar. Diyaloğun esas alındığı münazaralarda somut-soyut tüm varlıkların karşılaştırılması mümkündür. Karşılaştırma üzerinden kurgulanan tartışma bir sonuca bağlanır. Varlıkların bu karşılaştırılması şairlerce yapıldığında mukayese şiir diliyle ifadesini bulur. Şairlerin duygu, düşünce ile hayallerinin yanı sıra sosyal hayatın da yansımasını görebildiğimiz münazaralar divan şiirinde önemli bir yer tutar.

Hacı Mirza Mehdi, 19. yüzyılın divan sahibi şairlerindendir. Tebriz'de doğmuş ve Şukûhî mahlasıyla şiirler yazmıştır. Şukûhî de divan şiir geleneği içerisinde münazara yazmıştır. Şairin “Münâzara-ı Akl u Aşk” adlı mesnevisi akıl ve aşk gibi iki önemli soyut varlığın mukayesesini barındırması açısından oldukça önemlidir. Bu çalışmada bu eserin ilk kez Latin harfleriyle transkripsiyonu yapılmıştır. Makalede transkripsiyonlu metnin yanı sıra eserin şekil ve muhteva özellikleri de incelenmiştir.
Tratamiento supervisado por video VDOT en pacientes con tuberculosis pulmonar de un Centro de Salud de Lima. Estudio piloto
Authors: Peinado Jesús , Tamaki Jorge , Yataco Rosa , Pages Gabriela , Arróspide Alfredo , Rimac Ana , Urrieta Daniel , Lecca Leonid
Published: April 2022

Objetivo: Describir las características de la implementación del tratamiento supervisado por video (VDOT) en pacientes con tuberculosis en un establecimiento de salud de la seguridad social del primer nivel de atención en Perú (EsSalud). Material y métodos: Estudio observacional, descriptivo. Los pacientes fueron enrolados de forma prospectiva de 18/09/2018 al 24/09/2019. Ocho de los nueve pacientes seguidos completaron el tratamiento VDOT. Un paciente fue transferido a otro establecimiento de salud antes de terminar el seguimiento. Una enfermera entrenada de Socios En Salud gestionó las 727 video llamadas. Resultados: Se obtuvo una adherencia al tratamiento del 100%. Conclusiones: La estrategia VDOT sería una modalidad alternativa útil en pacientes con tuberculosis sensible.
Hacia una recuperación Post-pandemia
Authors: Almerco Palomino José Luis , Mougenot Benoit
Published: April 2022

El año 2021 ha marcado un cambio importante en el proceso de difusión de las vacunas contra el Covid-19 a nivel mundial, y con mayor eficiencia en países latinoamericanos, como es el caso de Perú, que facilitó la recuperación de la economía peruana después de un año previo con alta desaceleración productiva y marcado por una saturación de los servicios de salud y la aplicación de restricciones sanitarias particularmente severas en industrias con alta dotación de mano de obra, acentuando el proceso de crisis económica y de informalidad del mercado laboral. Según información del último informe del Banco Mundial (2021), las perspectivas de crecimiento de la economía nacional se establecen a 11.3% para 2021, en un contexto de recuperación de la demanda interna y a nivel internacional por el aumento del precios de los minerales, sin embargo, existe brechas pendientes para el próximo año, como la recuperación del empleo en el sector formal y el retorno a clase presencial para la mayoría de los alumnos del país.
Problems and Suggestions in the Development of Green Finance Under the “Dual Carbon Target”
Authors: Zhang Tingting
Published: April 2022

To achieve carbon peak, carbon neutrality, referred to as “dual carbon target”, is china's solemn commitment to the international community, but also a broad and profound economic and social change. As a link and bridge of high- quality economic development, green finance plays a crucial role in it. Under the goal of ‘double carbon’, this paper studies that green finance can provide sufficient power for the high-quality development of national economy, and at the same time, it looks for the main problems existing at the present stage and gives corresponding countermeasures and suggestions.
Division of Data Ownership Between the Individual and the Enterprise That Collects the Data
Authors: Li Yilong
Published: April 2022

More and more cases involve disputes between users and platform providers over the protection of personal information and the ownership of the right to personal information. In the big data era, data is an emerging object of civil rights. The ownership of data is very important to the protection of personal information and data transfer. However, there is no explicit legislation to regulate the ownership. In this regard, the author is of the opinion that the original/underlying personal data shall belong to the user, and the fully anonymized dataset based on the original data shall enjoy the property rights and interests in the context of competition.
Research on Legal Protection of Consumers’ Personal Information From the Perspective of Public Interest Litigation
Authors: Wang Yi , Ji Rui , Peng Yang
Published: April 2022

In the era of big data, consumers’ personal information security is facing severe challenges and risks. Therefore, it is urgent and important to strengthen the protection of consumers’ personal information. In the personal information leakage incident of consumers, the victims are unspecified groups, and the number of consumers who have suffered losses and the actual losses of ordinary consumers is uncertain. By filing consumer civil public interest litigation, consumers can be effectively encouraged to defend their rights through litigation, which increases the cost of offense and avails the prevention of illegal behaviors. However, there are still many problems in public interest litigation of consumers’ personal information protection. Firstly, it is difficult to distinguish the subject of infringement and its internal responsibility allocation. Secondly, the level of evidence collection means of procuratorial organs can’t match the needs of the investigation, which disadvantages prosecutors compared with the powerful objects of evidence collection. Thirdly, the problems of jurisdiction confirmation and low efficiency on the referral of jurisdiction have not been solved. Fourthly, the overlapping of laws has caused the judge’s discretion to be too wide. Fifthly, the standard of remedies for infringement is unclear. Based on those above, this paper puts forward some suggestions on public interest litigation of consumers’ personal information from five aspects: positioning the subject of infringement, standardizing jurisdiction, strengthening investigation and evidence collection, perfecting legal responsibility and clarifying the application of law.
Dalian Free Trade Zone Financial Services for High Quality Development of Real Economy
Authors: Tan Peng , Zhang Hongxia
Published: April 2022

Finance is the bloodline of the real economy, serving the real economy is the vocation of finance, is the purpose of finance, is also one of the important tools to improve the quality of the development of the real economy, how to make finance better serve the development of the real economy is the main line of research in this paper. This paper takes the current situation of the development of financial services for the real economy in the Dalian Free Trade Zone as the starting point, analyzes the problems of the financial services system in the Free Trade Zone in depth, and proposes corresponding strategies to improve the financial services system from financial services, financial technology and green finance, so that the financial services in the Free Trade Zone can better serve the high-quality development of the real economy.
Analysis of Discourse Subjects in the Reports on COVID-19 From the Perspective of Other Narratives - Based on China Daily
Authors: Sun Yue
Published: April 2022

2020 is a year of massive outbreaks of COVID-19, which has a huge impact on the lives of people around the world. In 2020, China Daily, a major mainstream English-language newspaper in China, provided detailed coverage of the outbreak facts in countries around the whole world. In these reports, both subjects of discourse from China and from abroad spoke out, expressing China to the world and conveying voices from the world to China. The reports about the COVID-19 in China Daily were taken as the research objects, and the relevant reports among them were manually identified and screened to build a corpus for discourse subject analysis. This study focuses the analysis on the discourse subjects as the Other, such as foreigners in China and voices from the international community. By analyzing the voices of the other in the text, readers can understand the image China has created in the international community and the responsibility and accountability China embodies as the largest developing country. By selecting and analyzing typical discourse subjects as the Other from the self-constructed corpus, this study aims to analyze the international image portrayed by China and to investigate the important role of different discourse subjects in news reporting.
Analysis and Research on the Effect of Rosenthal Effect on College Students' Volleyball Training
Authors: Yang Guizhi
Published: April 2022

In this study, 40 undergraduates from Ludong university were selected as the research sample, and the methods of documentation, experiment and mathematical statistics were used to carry out the normal training by rosenthal effect groups, it was found that the students trained by the rosenthal effect was higher than that of the students not trained by the rosenthal effect. Not only could the atmosphere of the volleyball training be harmonized, but also the training effect was good, this shows that the rosenthal effect plays an important role in volleyball training.
Consideration of Consumers' Interests in the Application of Article 12 of the Anti-Unfair Competition Law
Authors: Li Yilong
Published: April 2022

In Article 2 of the latest revision of the Anti-Unfair Competition Law, the definition of unfair competition includes "harming consumers' interests". In the Internet context, the position of consideration of consumers' interests is more complex, and there are often different conclusions from different perspectives. For example, some conducts that seem to be beneficial to consumers in the short run, will ultimately harm consumers' interests in the long run. The consideration of consumers' interests should be based on an independent status and a dynamic approach.
A Preliminary Solution to the Indigenous Issues in South Africa Colony
Authors: Zuo Wenrui
Published: April 2022

South Africa is an important colony in the colonial territory of the British Empire. In the process of British colonization, the nonstandard management and unconstrained colonial behavior caused considerable troubles and injuries to the indigenous people. Evangelical Thomas Fowell Buxton and missionary John Phillips contributed to solving the local indigenous problems. The indigenous problems in Cape colony promoted the establishment of the select committee on Aborigines (British settlements), which gave relevant suggestions to solve the indigenous problems in South Africa, and to some extent eased the contradiction between colonists and indigenous people.
The Neurophysiological Mechanism of Ambiguous Word Inhibition
Authors: Chen Zilong , Zhong Wenying , Cai Baihan , Zhu Jingyi , Xie Ziling
Published: April 2022

Inhibition, as a cognitive processing mechanism in the process of language comprehension, plays a crucial role in different levels of language comprehension, such as vocabulary, sentence, paragraph, or text. This paper summarizes the recent studies on the important physiological and electrical index and brain mechanisms of the inhibition mechanism of ambiguous words, aiming to understand more systematically and deeply the influence of different foreign language proficiency, different frequency, and correlation degree of ambiguous words on language processing differences.
Kawasan perdagangan bebas ASEAN peluang dan tantangan
Authors: Hamid Edy Suandi
Published: April 2022

Kekhatiran akan semakin sempitnya pasar negara-negara berkembang ataupun negara-negara kecil lainnya di dunia ini, muncul beberapa tahun belakangan.
Telaah Pembangunan Ekonomi Indonesia
Authors: Hamid Edy Suandi , Anto MB Hendrie
Published: April 2022

Dalam tiga dasawarsa terakhir kinerja perekonomian Indonesia menunjukkanprestasi yang cukup mengagumkan, sehingga termasuk dalam High Performing Asia Economies (HPAEs). Namun demikian, masih terdapat beberapa masalah yang cukup pelik, seperti tingginya tingkat pengangguran, distribusi pendapatan yang semakin timpang, angka kemiskinan yang cukup besar, serta hutang luar negeri yang sampai pada "lampu merah". Dalam kancah internasional daya saing Indonesia menduduki posisi yang rendah, dan bahkan pada tahun 1996 cenderung turun. Kebijakan pemerintah untuk meningkatkan daya saing ekonomi selama ini sering kurang sistematis dan strategis, serta tidak konsisten. Masih rumitnya permasalahan ekonomi dalam negeri di satu sisi, dan tuntutan perdagangan bebas di sisi lain, telah menempatkan Indonesia pada posisi yang dilematis. Konflik antara kepentingan pemerataan dengan pertumbuhan, kepentingan domestik dan internasional merupakan contoh dilema yang tak mudah dipecahkan. Dibutuhkan suatu tekad yang kuat serta usaha yang konsisten dengan disertai kebijakan strategis untuk dapat survive di masadepan.
Kebijaksanaan Keuangan Negara dalam Kaitannya dengan APBN dan Permasalahannya
Authors: Ustman Marzuki
Published: April 2022

Anggaran Pendapatan dan Belanja Negara (APBN) pada hakekatnya merupakan pelaksanaan kebijaksanaan keuangan negara yang secara konstitusional diatur dalam pasal 23 Undang-Undang Dasar Tahun 1945 dan dituangkan di dalam Garis-garis Besar Haluan Negara (GBHN), serta diterjemahkan secara kuantitatif dalam Repelita. Dalam kaitan tersebut APBN yang undang-undangnya ditetapkan setiap tahun secara politis merupakan bentuk amanat rakyat, dan secara ekonomis harus mampu diterjemahkan pengelolaannya secara tepat dalam perekonomian nasional. Dalam hal pemanfaatan bantuan luar negeri yang merupakan pelengkap dalam pembiayaan pembangunan, tetap didasarkan pada pemilihan proyek berdasarkan prioritas tinggi yang dapat mengakibatkan penyediaan lapangan kerja, pertumbuhan ekonomi, peningkatan kesejahteraan masyarakat, dan mendukung pengembangan ekspor nonmigas. Selanjutnya, dalam mengantisipasi era perdagangan bebas, pemerintah senantiasa mengurangi setiap hambatan, baik yang berupa hambatan tarif maupun hambatan nontarif, terhadap lalulintas perdagangan yang menyebabkan berkurangnya daya saing produksi dalam negeri di pasaran dunia. Akhirnya, dalam rangka menarik modal asing ke dalam negeri, pemerintah senantiasa berusaha mendapatkan iklim yang menunjang bagi penanaman modal asing terutama penanaman modal langsung Foreign Direct Invesment (FDI) khususnya di sektor industri barang ekspor. Penciptaan iklim yang menunjang tersebut terus dilakukan mengingat FDI secara langsung dapat memberikan nilai tambah bagi perekonomian Indonesia.
Peranan Usaha Tani Salak Pondoh terhadap Perekonomian Wilayah di Kabupaten Dati II Sleman ( Studi Kasus di Kecamatan Turi)
Authors: Priyadi Unggul
Published: April 2022

Sektor pertanian dalam memberikan kontribusi terhadap pembentukan pendapatan daerah masih sangat dominan, terutama pada wilayah-wilayah di pedesaan. Salah satu metode untuk mengukur peranan suatu ekspor dalam perekonomian daerah adalah dengan Kuosien Lokasi. Melalui metode tersebut dapat ditentukan suatu sector perekonomian merupakan sektor basis bagi daerah tertentu.Peranan sektor basis dalam perekonomian daerah adalah sebagai penggerak utama dalam pertumbuhan ekonomi serta menentukan arah mana pembangunan secara keseluruhan. Di samping itu melalui angka pengganda (multiplier), sektor basis dapat digunakan untuk mengukur penyerapan tenaga kerja wilayah dan mengukur pertumbuhan ekonomi wilayah.
Apakah Hutang merupakan Sejarah Krisis? Arus Masuk Modal Swasta ke Negara-negara Berkembang'
Authors: Dooley Michael , Arias Eduardo Fernandez , Kletzer Kenneth
Published: April 2022

Harapan tentang pembangunan ekonomi kelompok penting middle income countries telah ditahan kembali oleh arus masuk modal swasta yang subtansial pada tahun 1990-an. Sebagaimana tahun 1970-an, pembangunan ekonomi ini telah diterima dengan optimisme yang berhati-hati. Studi empiris ini membuktikan bahwa meskipun reduksi hutang luar negeri dan reformasi kebijakan di negara-negara debitur telah menjadi determinan penting atas akses yang diperbaharui dalam pasar modal internasional, namun perubahan tingkat bunga internasional telah menjadi faktor yang dominan. Kami menghitung pengaruh perubahan tingkat bunga internasional untuk negara-negara debitur "tertentu". Kesimpulannya bahwa peningkatan tingkat bunga bersamaan dengan kenaikan siklus bisnis di negara-negara industri dapat menekan harga pasar sekunder hutang yang ada ke tingkat yang tidak sejalan dengan arus modal selanjutnya.
Inflasi penerimaan pemerintah
Authors: Iswardono Iswardono
Published: April 2022

Inflasi dikatakan "moderate", sedang atau lunak kalau mempunyai laju antara 15-30% per tahun. Ada beberapa negara yang telah berhasil meredam dan mengurangi laju inflasi dari "triple digit" menjadi "moderate" antara lain Columbia, Bolivia, Chile, Costa Rica dan sebagainya.
Pembinaan dan peningkatan kualitas dosen di perguruan tinggi
Authors: Supardi Supardi
Published: April 2022

Usaha peningkatan kualitas lulusan perguruan tinggi negari (PT) maupun perguruan tinggi swasta (PTS), pada PELITA VI ini selalu menjadi topik yang menarik untuk dibincangkan. Hal ini wajar karena menghadapi pembangunan jangka panjang tahap kedua (PJPT II) ini penekanan pendidikan dan pengembangan sumber daya manusia (SDM) pada tuntutan peningkatan kualitas manusia dan masyarakatnya.
Penelitian periklanan, pokok masalah dan pengukurannya
Authors: Daromi Sunardji
Published: April 2022

Sampai saat ini, periklanan pemasaran masih merupakan topik yang banyak diteliti mahasiswa ekonomi manajemen, namun pokok masalahnya yang diangkat tidak banyak bervariasi, sehingga sempat mengundang tanggapan-tanggapan sinis terhadap topik ini. Hal yang demikian telah mengusik penulis untuk mengangkat topik ini, dengan mencoba mengetengahkan problema-problema yang pemecahannya memerlukan penelitian dan sekaligus mengidentifikasikan variabel-variabel yang digunakan untuk pengukuran dalam penelitian tersebut.
Peran koperasi dalam mewujudkan perekonomian yang berkeadilan sosial
Authors: Baswir Revrisond
Published: April 2022

Inequality is a critical problem to Indonesian economy. Inequality is caused by natural, cultural, and structural factors. Since the beginning, the New Order tends to disregard inequality on economic structure. This article concludes that the problem solving of it should be matched with the cause. It is indeed government has been doing actions, but those actions are partial and charitable, even government tends to use those actions as a politic commodity. This article also concludes that to solve those problems, we should uphold the economic democracy. Idealistically, it can be upheld by maintaining cooperation. But, in fact, cooperation has been disappeared from the principles of Indonesian democracy. At this context, this article evaluates in what ways the government upholds cooperation as a movement of mass economy based on family atmosphere. As you will see, the solving key of this problem is on the restoration of the mass sovereignty as mandated by the constitution.