bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sublethal effects of imidacloprid and pymetrozine on population growth parameters of cabbage aphid,Brevicoryne brassicaeon rapeseed,Brassica napusL.
Authors: LASHKARI MOHAMMAD REZA , SAHRAGARD AHAD , GHADAMYARI MOHAMMAD
Published: June 2007

AbstractEfficiency of imidacloprid and pymetrozine on population growth parameters of cabbage aphid,Brevicoryne brassicaeL. (Homoptera: Aphididae) was determined using demographic toxicology by leaf dip method. At first, bioassay tests were performed. The LC50value and confidence limit for imidacloprid and pymetrozine were 1.61 × 10−5mol/L (0.74 × 10−5–2.66 × 10−5) and 2.14 × 10−4mol/L (1.24 × 10−4–3.40 × 10−4), respectively. To evaluate the sublethal effect of two insecticides on population growth parameters of cabbage aphid, LC30concentrations of imidacloprid and pymetrozine were used at 5 mol/L and 30 mol/L. The experiments were carried out in a incubator at 20 ± 1°C, 60%± 5% RH and 16: 8 (L: D) photoperiod on canola seedlings,Brassica napusL. var. ‘PF’. Net fecundity rate decreased in both insecticide‐treated populations. Intrinsic rates of increase (rm) were lower in imidacloprid and pymetrozine treatments than in controls. Intrinsic birth rates also decreased in treated populations. There was a relative increase in intrinsic death rates of treated populations. The mean generation times and doubling time were also lower in populations treated with insecticides than in controls. There was a considerable reduction in the average numbers of nymphs reproduced per female as compared with the control. The average longevity of female adults in the control was significantly different from those treated with imidacloprid and pymetrozine. However, there was no significant differences in aphid life‐table parameters between the two insecticide‐treated populations (P> 0.01).
Effectiveness of spinosad against seven major stored‐grain insects on corn
Authors: HUANG FANGNENG , SUBRAMANYAM BHADRIRAJU
Published: June 2007

Abstract
In January 2005, the United States Environmental Protection Agency registered spinosad as a stored grain protectant. No referenced data on the efficacy of spinosad on corn in suppressing major stored‐grain insects have been published. In this paper, we evaluated the efficacy of spinosad against seven major stored‐grain insects on shelled corn in the laboratory. Insect species tested were the red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum (Jacquelin duVal); rusty grain beetle, Cryptolestesferrugineus (Stephens); lesser grain borer, Rhyzopertha dominica (F.); sawtoothed grain beetle, Oryzaephilus surinamensis (L.); rice weevil, Sitophilus oryzae (L.); maize weevil, Sitophilus zeamais (Motschulsky); and Indian meal moth, Plodia interpunctella (Hübner). Corn kernels were treated with spinosad at 0, 0.1, 0.5, 1, and 2 active ingredient (a.i.) mg/kg for controlling the seven species. Beetle adults or P. interpunctella eggs were introduced into each container holding 100 g of untreated or insecticide‐treated corn. The seven insect species survived well on the control treatment, produced 28 to 336 progeny, and caused significant kernel damage after 49 days. On spinosad‐treated corn, adult mortality of C. ferrugineus, R. dominica, O. surinamensis, S. oryzae, and S. zeamais was > 98% at 1 and 2 mg/kg after 12 days. Spinosad at > 0.5 mg/kg completely suppressed egg‐to‐larval survival after 21 days and egg‐to‐adult emergence of P. interpunctella after 49 days, whereas 16%T. castaneum adults survived at 1 mg/kg after 12 days. Spinosad at 1 or 2 mg/kg provided complete or near complete suppression of progeny production and kernel damage of all species after 49 days. Our results indicate that spinosad at the current labeled rate of 1 mg/kg is effective against the seven stored‐grain insect pests on corn.
Acromyrmex ameliae sp. n. (Hymenoptera: Formicidae): A new social parasite of leaf‐cutting ants in Brazil
Authors: DE SOUZA DANIVAL JOSÉ , SOARES ILKA MARIA FERNANDES , DELLA LUCIA TEREZINHA MARIA CASTRO
Published: June 2007

Abstract
The fungus‐growing ants (Tribe Attini) are a New World group of > 200 species, all obligate symbionts with a fungus they use for food. Four attine taxa are known to be social parasites of other attines. Acromyrmex (Pseudoatta) argentina argentina and Acromyrmex (Pseudoatta) argentina platensis (parasites of Acromyrmex lundi), and Acromyrmex sp. (a parasite of Acromyrmex rugosus) produce no worker caste. In contrast, the recently discovered Acromyrmex insinuator (a parasite of Acromyrmex echinatior) does produce workers. Here, we describe a new species, Acromyrmex ameliae, a social parasite of Acromyrmex subterraneus subterraneus and Acromyrmex subterraneus brunneus in Minas Gerais, Brasil. Like A. insinuator, it produces workers and appears to be closely related to its hosts. Similar social parasites may be fairly common in the fungus‐growing ants, but overlooked due to the close resemblance between parasite and host workers.
Seasonal and breed effects on reproductive parameters in bitches in the tropics: a retrospective study
Authors: Chatdarong K. , Tummaruk P. , Sirivaidyapong S. , Raksil S.
Published: June 2007

Objectives: To investigate the influence of season and breed on reproductive parameters in bitches raised under tropical climatic conditions.

Methods: Over a seven year period, from 1998 to 2004, 310 oestrous periods of 53 bitches were observed. The dogs were of various breeds; dobermann (number of bitches/number of oestrous cycles) (n=2/19), German shepherd dog (n=35/211), Labrador retriever (n=14/68) and Rottweiler (n=2/12). In 250 of the 310 oestrous periods, natural matings took place on days 9 and 11 after the onset of pro‐oestrus. The whelping rate was analysed for bitches of each breed. Variables, including breed and the whelping rate, by month of the year, were used for analysis of the inter‐oestrus interval, gestation length, total number of pups born, number of live pups born and the weight of the pups at birth.

Results: A low frequency of oestrous activity was found during the summer. Breeding dogs in the summer resulted in a low whelping rate. No difference (P>0·05) was seen in the whelping rate of each breed: dobermann (70·5 per cent), German shepherd dog (61·5 per cent), Labrador retriever (67·9 per cent) and Rottweiler (100 per cent). The Labrador retriever had a longer inter‐oestrus interval (252 [114] and 190 [61] days) (P<0·01) and a larger litter size (8·2 [1·8] and 6·6 [2·8]) (P<0·05) than the German shepherd dog.

Clinical Significance: The environmental factors in summer tend to reduce oestrus incidence and fertility in the bitches. According to litter size, the Labrador retriever seems to have a more efficient reproductive performance than the German shepherd dog. The Labrador retriever had a longer inter‐oestrus interval than the German shepherd dog.
Cytotoxic drug use in treatment of dogs and cats with cancer by UK veterinary practices (2003 to 2004)
Authors: Cave T. A. , Norman P. , Mellor D.
Published: June 2007

Objectives:To describe the range and frequency of cytotoxic drugs prescribed within UK veterinary practices to treat dogs and cats with cancer, determine the effect of practice demographic variables on this practice and determine the frequency with which intravenous catheters were used during administration of parenteral cytotoxic drugs.

Methods:A postal survey of 1838 veterinary practices providing care for dogs and cats within the UK.

Results:Prescription of cytotoxic drugs to treat dogs and cats with cancer during the preceding 12 months was reported by 70·8 per cent practices. The most widely prescribed agents were cyclophosphamide (65·4 per cent) and vincristine (63·5 per cent). Twenty‐three per cent of responding practices had prescribed an antitumour antibiotic and 8·3 per cent had prescribed a platinum agent. The median frequency of prescription was between once a month and once every three months. Increasing frequency and range of cytotoxic drug prescription were associated with practice employment of higher numbers of veterinary surgeons and increased levels of pet insurance among practice clients. Almost a quarter of practices administering vesicant parenteral cytotoxic drugs failed to always use intravenous catheters to do so.

ClinicalSignificance:Prescription of cytotoxic drugs, and therefore the potential for occupational exposure of staff, was widespread among UK veterinary practices providing care for dogs and cats.
Training and organisational innovations in a local industrial system: empirical evidence from Emilia‐Romagna1
Authors: Guidetti Giovanni , Mazzanti Massimiliano
Published: June 2007

The article studies the driving forces of firm training using a survey‐based dataset of manufacturing firms in the Emilia‐Romagna region, Northern Italy. The data are derived from the responses to a structured questionnaire administered in 2002 to the management of a representative sample of firms with more than 50 employees in the highly industrialised province of Reggio Emilia. Firms’ training choices are analysed using a theoretical/conceptual framework based on the notion of complementarity among productive factors. Training is provided as long as it favours the establishment of complementary relationships among the skills it develops and other inputs. The main factors associated with training include structural characteristics, HRM practices, workforce features, labour management and performance of the firm. Training activities emerge as being positively associated with organisational practices that affect the whole firm: workforce skill level, firm size, firm productivity and labour flexibility. The role of HRM practices in driving training is brought into question. These are key issues for the current debate on the development of local systems in the European and Italian context. The high and joint relevance of structural variables and labour demand‐related factors shows that regional industrial policies must support labour policies within an integrated policy effort aimed at increasing potential firm productivity.
Sulfite‐Radical Anions in Isolated Soy Proteins
Authors: Lei Q. , Boatright W.L.
Published: June 2007

ABSTRACT: Aqueous mixtures of manganese and sulfite, at levels found in isolated soy proteins (ISP) and defatted soy flakes, spontaneously react in the presence of oxygen to produce methanethiol from the 1‐electron oxidation of methionine. The carbon and sulfur of methanethiol originate from the methyl‐carbon and sulfur of methionine. Similar aqueous mixtures of sulfite, manganese, and oxygen also produce sufficient levels of free radicals to degrade fluorescein. The degradation of methionine by free radicals generated in the sulfite, manganese, and oxygen reaction mixture is inhibited by the free radical spin trapping agent 5,5‐dimethyl‐1‐pyrroline N‐oxide. Processing ISP with either L‐cystine or potassium iodate reduces the free sulfite content of ISP and reduces the headspace methanethiol from aqueous ISP slurries to nondetectable levels. ISP processed without additives contained sufficient levels of free radicals to generate methanethiol from the oxidation of added methionine. There were no detectable levels of methanethiol produced when methionine was added to ISP processed with iodate.
Treatment of Male Homosexuality Through Marriage Counseling: A Case Presentation
Authors: Rutledge Aaron L.
Published: June 2007

This case presentation describes the use of marriage counseling for the treatment of male homosexuality and examines several theoretical issues including mixed sexual and dominance‐submission dynamics, a transference family concept, and the economy of the particular homosexual syndrome and its meanings. Editor.
Training Issues in Family Therapy*
Authors: Stier Serena , Goldenberg Irene
Published: June 2007

Group versus individual supervision, the family therapy training model, videotape as a training method, and training paraprofessionals in a traditional academic setting are discussed from the authors' experience in conducting a family therapy training program. Editor.
Marital Adjustment and Irrational Ideas*
Authors: Eisenberg Joseph M. , Zingle Harvey W.
Published: June 2007

This study involved an attempt to explore the relationship between irrational ideas and marital discord, as posited in Rational‐Emotive‐Therapy. The results supported the hypothesis that individuals who experience marital difficulties demonstrate higher degrees of irrational thinking than individuals who do not experience such difficulties. Additional findings were interpreted on the basis of differences between males and females with respect to cognitive and perceptual orientation.
Isms, Schisms, and the Freedom for Differences*
Authors: Vincent Clark E.
Published: June 2007

A historical perspective is used to argue that an insufficient tolerance of differences (a) fosters devisive isms and schisms, (b) hardens resistance to change and to new ideas, and (c) impedes the development of diversity and specialization in both the training and the professional practice of marriage and family counselors. Some historical sources and current examples of the low tolerance of differences are presented, followed by a reiterated plea that a greater tolerance of differences be implemented by encouraging a wider diversity in training programs and by granting a more equal status and importance to each of the many different specialty areas of practice by marriage and family counselors.
Sexual Incompatibilities
Authors: Trainer Joseph B.
Published: June 2007

A framework is given for thinking about the clinical approaches to sexual incompatibilities. It is simplified by breaking down into the three major stages of marriage. Early marriage presents the facets of drive level differences, of sexual ignorance, fatigue states, and paired‐relation images. The sexual complaint is rarely presented as such. Middle marriage is laden with a host of troubles which will present some sexual face. Personal incompatibilities are well developed, progressive alienation is occuring, preoccupation with career or child raising is prominent, and frank psychiatric states come into full bloom. Sexual complaints are readily voiced at this stage. Advanced marriage is marked by the aggravated incompatibilities, the increasing occurence of disease states and both the conditioned libido loss and that induced by medications. The specific problems, and their possible solutions are more readily identified and dealt with within this kind of framework.
Group Training in Family Therapy—The Student's Perspective*
Authors: O'Hare Christopher , Heinrich Anna G. , Kirschner Neil N. , Oberstone Andrea V. , Ritz Michael G.
Published: June 2007

This paper examines the experience of learning family therapy in a group training model from the trainees perspective. Five significant aspects of this learning experience are discussed. Supervision of family therapy and training within a group setting, multiple supervision, training with a peer co‐therapist, using audio‐visual feedback in group supervision of family therapy, and the impact on the trainee of doing family therapy for the first time. The trainees found that their learning experience was enhanced by this training approach.

(Editors Note: The program referred to in this paper was described in Stier, Serena & Goldenberg, Irene, Training Issues in Family Therapy, Journal of Marriage and Family Counseling, 1975, 1, 63–68.
Couples' Facilitative Communication Skill as a Dimension of Marital Therapy Outcome*
Authors: Gurman Alan S.
Published: June 2007

This study examined the relationships between three dimensions of patients' perceptions of their spouses' empathic understanding, warmth, and genuineness, and marital co‐therapy outcome. The relationships between selected therapist and treatment factors and couples' communication skill was also investigated. Results indicated (a) a positive relationship between patient‐rated outcome and final levels of rated Total Facilitative Conditions (TFC), but not initial levels; (b) a near‐zero relationship between pre‐ and post‐therapy TFC similarity and outcome; (c) positive relationships between changes in perceived TFC and outcome, but no relationship between outcome and symmetry of TFC change; (d) no relationship between treatment length and either outcome or TFC change; and (e) a significant negative relationship between co‐therapists' experience level differences and two dimensions of rated TFC change. Discussion of these findings focused on implications for the clinical practice of conjoint couples' therapy.
Teenagers, Contraception, and Pregnancy*
Authors: Dickens Helen O. , Mudd Emily Hartshorne , Huggins George R.
Published: June 2007

A cooperative program is reported which makes available to the school a series of group discussions on boy‐girl relations, sexual physiology, venereal disease, and contraception. Girls attending these sessions, if they so desire, may attend the University Hospital Teen Clinic for physical examination and contraceptive supplies. One hundred and seventy students attended groups, of whom 74 attended teen clinics, and 61 became contraceptors. A second city high school has been added to the program. Staff believes that as young women learn that pregnancy is their choice, they will move into responsible relationships with ability to handle adequately planned motherhood.
Abstracts
Authors: Sporakowski Michael J.
Published: June 2007

Fiumara, N. J. Transmission of gonorrhea by artificial insemination.

Foley, V. D., & Dyer, W. W. “Timing” in family therapy: the “when,”“how,” and “why” of intervention.

Gass, G. Z. Equitable marriage.

Gillis, J. S. Social influence therapy: the therapist as manipulator.

Mozdzierz, G. J.,& Lottman, T. J. Games married couples play: Adlerian view.

Reiner, B. S., & Edwards, R. L. Adolescent marriage—social or therapeutic problem?

Reppuci, N. D., & Saunders, J. T. Social psychology of behavior modification: problems of implementation in natural settings.

Roberto, E. L. Marital and family planning expectancies of men regarding vasectomy.

Goldsmith, A., & Goldberg, R. J. Psychological aspects of vasectomy in Latin America.

Rogers, C. R. In retrospect forty six years.

Story, N. L. Sexual dysfunction resulting from drug side effects.

Whiteley, J. M. (Editor) Gestalt therapy.
Licensing Marriage and Family Counselors: A Model Act
Authors: Elkin Meyer
Published: June 2007

The author presents a model bill for the licensing of marriage and family counselors and describes some of the historical context in which it developed within the Conciliation Court movement. The model bill is similar to the one proposed by the American Association of Marriage and Family Counselors. Editor.
A Systems Approach to Marital Process
Authors: Bockus Frank
Published: June 2007

An event of marital communication and negotiation is conceived as a cybernetic system composed of many parts and stages, following the framework of general systems theory. Couple communication is presented as a feedback loop based on the congruent transmission and effective reception of personal and interpersonal information. Couple negotiation is viewed as a system in development. Connections between component subsystems are mapped along with the pathways of progression from one stage to the next. No subsystem is taken as final but is constantly reworked in relation to the system as a whole. Implications for counseling, education, and research are suggested.
Essay Review: Marital Therapy, Monogamy, and Menagés
Authors: Kaslow Florence W.
Published: June 2007

Fitzgerald, R. V. Conjoint Marital Therapy.

Foley, V. An Introduction to Family Therapy.

Smith J. & Smith L. Beyond Monogamy.
Abstracts
Authors: Sporakowski Michael J.
Published: June 2007

Friedman, P. H. Outline (alphabet) of 26 techniques of marital and family therapy: A through Z.

Fuchs, K., Abramovici, H., Hoch, Z., Timor‐Tritsch, I. & Kleinhaus, M. Vaginismus—the hypno‐therapeutic approach.

Goldberg, M. The uses of dreams in conjoint marital therapy.

Grunebaum, H. & Abernethy, V. Marital decision making as applied to family planning.

Hadley, T. R., Jacob, T., Milliones, J., Caplan, J., & Spitz, D. The relationship between family developmental crises and the appearance of symptoms in a family member.

Jacobs, M. & Whiteley, J. M. (Eds.). Sex counseling.

Leichter, E. & Schulman, G. L. Multi‐family group therapy: a multidimensional approach.

McPherson, S. R., Brackelmanns, W. E., & Newman, L. E. Stages in the family therapy of adolescents.

Slipp, S., Ellis, S., & Kressel, K. Factors associated with engagement in family therapy.

Spark, G. Grandparents and intergenerational family therapy.

Weakland, J.H., Fisch, R., Watzlawick, P., & Bodin, A. M. Brief therapy: focused problems resolution.

Wilson, W. C. The distribution of selected sexual attitudes and behaviors among the adult population of the United States.
The Diagnostic Home Visit: An Aid in Training and Case Consultation
Authors: Tooley Kay
Published: June 2007

The home visit has long been recognized as a useful vehicle for diagnosis and therapy. It has a potential for another useful function in that home observations can provide the teaching therapist and consultant with the vivid details of family interaction necessary to useful supervision. Parents may be poor observers and/or reporters of problem situations; they may also be reluctant to describe for various reasons. The student therapist may become bewildered, frustrated, and discouraged over the lack of material or inability to help. This report describes how supervisors can then use home observations as a source of fresh diagnostic hypotheses, and as a basis for reformulation of treatment goals or of technical approaches.
Perceptions of Marriage Related to Engagement in Conjoint Therapy
Authors: Kressel Kenneth , Slipp Samuel
Published: June 2007

The pre‐treatment marital perceptions of 36 continuing couples were compared with those of 13 couples who terminated conjoint family therapy prior to the third session. Few statistically reliable differences between the groups were found in this pilot study, but the over‐all pattern of results was consistent with clinical theory and empirical findings in related areas. Compared to terminators, continuing husbands had a more positive view of family life and perceived themselves as more closely allied with their wives. Continuing wives were more dissatisfied with matters in the family than either their husbands or terminating wives, but they also had more power vis a vis their husbands than did terminating wives. The results were interpreted in relation to a negotiation model of conjoint therapy.
Short Term Family Therapy with Emotionally Disturbed Children*
Authors: Garrigan James J. , Bambrick Andrew F.
Published: June 2007

This study found that short term family therapy using Zuk's “go between process” effected significant improvement in the interpersonal functioning of the family, as perceived by the identified client. The subjects were white, middle‐class, intact families who have sons attending classes for emotionally disturbed children at the Centennial School of Lehigh University.
Abstracts
Authors: Sporakowski Michael J. , Mills Paul R.
Published: June 2007

Alkire, A. A., & Brunse, A. J. Impact and possible casualty from videotape feedback in marital therapy.

Chassin, L., Perelman, M., & Weinberger, G. Reducing parental resistance to examining family relationships: the therapeutic use of a child management task.

de Shazer, S. Brief therapy: two's company.

Field, M., & Field, H. Marital violence and criminal process: neither justice nor peace.

Horowitz, L. Treatment of the family with a dying member.

Kaplan, D.M., Smith, A., Grobstein, R., & Fischman, S. E. Family mediation of stress.

Knight, M. F., & McKenzie, H. S. Elimination of bedtime thumbsucking in home settings through contingent reading.

Leader, A. Family therapy for divorced fathers and others out of home.

Peck, B. B. Psychotherapy, with disrupted families.

Miller, E Treatment of a communal family.

Rekers, G. A., & Lovaas, O. I. Behavioral treatment of deviant sex‐role behaviors in a male child.

Sluzki, C. E. The coalitionary process in initiating family therapy.

Wills, T. A., Weiss, R. L., & Patterson, G. R. A behavioral analysis of the determinants of marital satisfaction.
Psychotherapy with the Father‐Absent Military Family
Authors: Peck Bruce B. , Schroeder Dianne
Published: June 2007

Defense department regulation changes concerning military dependents have had a marked impact on a large number of service families. One outcome is a specific fractured family—father‐absent military family—which has unique characteristics and distinctive problems. In addition to explicit features of military families in general, dynamics of the father‐absent fragment are discussed. A psychotherapy strategy is also presented which has been shown to be of value in promoting continued growth in the father‐absent military family
Assertion Training in Marital Counseling
Authors: Alberti Robert E. , Emmons Michael L.
Published: June 2007

Assertive behavior training is an evolving technique of great value to the marriage counselor. In this paper “assertive” behavior is differentiated from “non‐assertive” and “aggressive” behavior in the text and an explanatory table. Specific components of behavior are identified, and techniques for facilitating assertiveness in clients are described in the context of marital counseling. Beginning with an illustrative example, the paper presents a step‐by‐step summary of the process and rationale for utilizing assertion training in marital counseling
Spouses as Co‐Therapists: “Style” Variables and Implications for Patient‐Therapist Matching*
Authors: Rice David G. , Razin Andrew M. , Gurman Alan S.
Published: June 2007

The self‐report responses of 24 spouse (M) and 24 non‐spouse (NM) professional co‐therapist pairs were compared on a variety of in‐therapy behaviors. The therapist groups were also divided into experienced (E) and inexperienced (IE) co‐therapist pairs. Results indicated that, in general, M co‐therapists, and particularly E‐M co‐therapists, were significantly more alike in self‐described in‐therapy behaviors than NM co‐therapists. M therapists reported significantly more congruence in activity levels and quality of “feeling responsiveness” than NM therapists. These results are discussed in terms of the advantages and disadvantages of the co‐therapist “united front” likely to be perceived by patients of spouse co‐therapists. General implications for matching patients and co‐therapists are considered
Self Actualization in Marital Enrichment
Authors: Travis Robert P. , Travis Patricia Y.
Published: June 2007

The study attempted to evaluate the effectiveness of the Pairing Enrichment Program (PEP), a marriage enrichment program, in enhancing self‐actualization. Shostrom's Personal Orientation Inventory (POI) was administered to an experimental group of married couples immediately prior to participating in PEP. A waiting list control group completed the POI at the same time. Three weeks later, following the completion of PEP for the experimental group, the POI was again administered to both groups. An analysis of co‐variance was performed to test the effects of gender, group, and the interaction of these two factors on change in self‐actualization (Post‐POI minus Pre‐POI), adjusting for six co‐variables: Education of each, age of each, number of years married, and number of children. The results indicated that 1) being husband or wife had no significant effect on one's level of self‐actualization, and that 2) the change in level of self‐actualization was significantly greater (Positive Direction) for PEP participants than for non‐PEP participants on the “I” and ”C” scales of the POI
Training Marriage and Family Counselors in an Industrial Setting*
Authors: Figley Charles R. , Sprenkle Douglas H. , Denton Wallace
Published: June 2007

The paper focuses on the interface between family life and the world of work with special reference to the field of marriage and family counseling. The empirical and theoretical rationale for incorporating marriage and family counseling services in an industrial setting are presented along with estimates of industry‐wide receptivity. The final section of the paper describes a specific plan of action being implemented at Purdue University and explores some of the basic issues associated with the training program, the clientele to be served, and the delivery system to be employed within an industrial setting.
Abstracts
Authors: Sporakowski Michael J. , Brown Michael B.
Published: June 2007

Allen, T. W. (Ed.). Marriage and family counseling.

Allen, T. W. “For our next ac…”: An unsystematic prescript to marriage and family counseling. A counseling psychologist's view.

Weiss, R. L. Contracts, cognition, and change: A behavioral approach to marriage therapy.

Belson, R. The importance of the second interview in marriage counseling.

Little, W. An interview with a married couple.

Hurvitz, N. The Miller family: Illustrating the symbolic interactionist approach to family therapy.

Bratter, T. E. The methodone addict and his disintegrating family: A psychotherapeutic failure.

Beck, D. F. Research findings on the outcomes of marital counseling.

Hafemarin, S. F., and Chilman, C. S. Implications of vasectomy for social work practice.

Glenn, N. D. The contribution of marriage to the psychological well‐being of males and females.

Nadelson, C. C., Bassuk, E. L., Hopps, C. R., and Bautelle, W. E. Evaluation procedures for conjoint marital psychotherapy.

Patterson, G. R., Hops, H., and Weiss, R. L. Interpersonal skills training for couples in early stages of conflict.

Whitley, M. P., and Poulsen, S. B. Assertiveness and sexual satisfaction in employed professional women.

Wiseman, R. S. Crisis theory and the process of divorce.
Contemporary Concerns in Family Therapy*
Authors: Russell Axel
Published: June 2007

The literature indicates that recent clinical concerns concentrate on certain problem areas, while neglecting others. Theory building is slow; agreement on definition, indications, selection, evaluation, training programs, and a unifying conceptual schema is still lacking. Intervention and outcome evaluation remain insufficient. A need for broadness, flexibility, and avoidance of dogmatization is underlined. Resistance to a family and community intervention model continues. It is argued that strength rather than pathology needs emphasis. Some strategies to develop family therapy further are suggested and recommendations made to overcome outlined obstacles.
Innovative Uses of the FIRO‐B in Couple Counseling*
Authors: Robbins Gary , Toomer Jerry E.
Published: June 2007

The use of the Fundamental Interpersonal Relationship Orientation‐Behavior (FIRO‐B)inventory in couple counseling is viewed as a cooperative counselor‐client procedure that aids both counselor and client in conceptualizing interpersonal compatibility, specifying counseling goals, assessing behavior change, and facilitating an action oriented counseling process. Case histories are used to illustrate the use of the FIRO‐B as an integral part of the counseling process.
Essay Review: Nonmarital, Marital, and Family Relationships: Understanding and Treating the Coming Togethers and Splitting Aparts
Authors: Kaslow Florence W.
Published: June 2007

Bell, J. E. Family therapy.

Howells, J. G. Theory and practice of family psychiatry.

Rogers, C. R. Becoming partners: Marriage and its alternatives.
Abstracts
Authors: Sporakowski Michael J. , Brown Michael B.
Published: June 2007

Arnold, J. E., Levine, A. G., & Patterson, G. R. Changes in sibling behavior following family interventon.

Bairel, E., & Redfering, D. Behavior modification in marriage counseling.

Bullough, V. L. Sex and the medical model.

Codner, R. R., & Gustafson, D. A. Sexual dysfunction—a four approach treatment utilizing peer pressure.

Feldman, L. B. Effect of anger and resentment on sexual expression.

Firestone, E., & Moschetta, P. Behavioral contracting in family therapy.

Meltzer, M. L. Insurance reimbursement: A mixed blessing.

Pavlin, S., & Rabkin, R. Family therapy: Some questions and answers.

Peck, B. B. Therapeutic handling of marital infidelity.

Renshaw, D. C. Sexual problems in stroke patients.

Stolz, S. B., Wienckowski, L. A., & B. S. Brown Behavior modification: A perspective on critical issues.

Sussman, M. B. (Special Guest Editor). The second experience: Variant family forms and life styles.
Territorial Struggles in the Marriages of Alcoholics*
Authors: Scott Edward M. , Manaugh Thomas S.
Published: June 2007

Typical treatment modalities for alcoholics are geared to the individual even though the majority of alcoholics are married. The benefits of working with the couple, especially in group therapy, are pointed out. Particularly stressed is the importance of the proper placement of certain thoughts, feelings, and behaviors (e.g., drinking) into either “private territory” (one's own business) or “mutual territory” (family business). Useful working assumptions are discussed along with related practical techniques.
Abstracts
Authors: Sporakowski Michael J. , Brown Michael B.
Published: June 2007

Beal, E. W. Current trends in the training of family therapists.

Bryson, R. B., Bryson, J. B., Licht, M. H., & Licht, B. G. The professional pair.

Cromwell, R. E., Olson, D. H. L., & Founier, D. G. Tools and techniques for diagnosis and evaluation in marital and family therapy.

Hartley, D., Roback, H. B., & Abramowitz, S. I. Deterioration effects in encounter groups.

Jones, W. P. Some implications of the sixteen personality factor questionnaire for marital guidance.

Kelly, G. F. The counselor and human sexuality.

Mace, D., & Mace, V. The selection, training, and certification of facilitators for marriage enrichment programs.

Masters, W. H. & Johnson, V. E. Principles of the new sex therapy.

McConnell, L. G. An examination of the counselor's skills when counseling with sexual problems.

Meyer, J. K. Training and accreditation for the treatment of sexual disorders.

Robertielle, R. C. The decline and fall of sex.

Rubin, Z., & Mitchell, C. Couples research as couples counseling.

Sager, C. J. The role of sex therapy in marital therapy.

Whittaker, J. K. Causes of childhood disorders: New findings.
Behavioral Science Criteria in Child Custody Determinations
Authors: Woody Robert Henley
Published: June 2007

This is an investigation of the relationships between the characteristics of lawyers, psychiatrists, psychologists, and social workers and the criteria they employ when they are involved in child custody legal proceedings. The findings reveal disciplinary distictions, equity for the mother and father, and influence from demographic variables regarding the preference for criteria to be applied for child custody determination.
The Sexual Value System*
Authors: McConnell Lawrence G.
Published: June 2007

This paper has adopted an historical approach in order to elucidate the principal schools of thought which account for the differences among peoples' sexual value systems. It is argued that differential development is a manifestation of the conflict which exists over the moral implications of sexual behavior. Three traditions are identified as the primary forces influencing the developmental process associated with the acquisition of a sexual value system. The three systems of inquiry are examined for their variant interpretations of sex. Attention also is focused on the implications the three traditions have for contemporary sex counselors.
A Study of Abortion and Problems in Decision‐Making*
Authors: Cotroneo Margaret , Krasner Barbara R.
Published: June 2007

This paper is directed to people who, sufficiently disturbed by the complex realities of problem pregnancies, are prepared to think beyond the confines of ideology. It is a challenge to people who tend to reduce the problem of unwanted pregnancies either to “abortion on demand” or to “right to life” ideologies, thereby ignoring the relationship dynamics that impact, shape, and enable the process of decision‐making with its implications for mutual caring and for long‐term trust. Rebalancing the emphases on ideologies and individual rights, this article is multidirectional in approach. It surfaces a concern for the unborn fetus, for the woman and the man involved, and for future human relatedness in which the capacity for trust and accountability are actualized rather than forced to stagnate.
Family Therapy for Disturbed Children: Some Experimental Results in Special Education*
Authors: Garrigan James J. , Bambrick Andrew
Published: June 2007

The assumption that family attitudes play an important role in motivating children to learn is widely held. It is believed that poor family attitudes can offset the effects of the best educational program. This study employed psychotherapy to influence attitudes of families with a child in a school for the emotionally disturbed. The results indicated that family therapy improved the classroom behavior of the children as well as behavior observed by their parents at home.
Post‐Suicide Grief Work In Family Therapy
Authors: Hajal Fady
Published: June 2007

The following case report describes the treatment of a family following the death by suicide of its principle male figure. It describes the way the various family members were helped to deal with the unresolved grief reaction that had come to play a destructive role in the life of this bereaved family. Working with the family group allowed a direct observation of the mourning processes of the various family members. In particular, we could see the attempt of the identified child patient at keeping the memory of the lost object alive become an obstacle to a natural resolution of her mother's mourning at that same loss.
Barriers to the Development of Marital Health as a Health Field*
Authors: Vincent Clark E.
Published: June 2007

The development of Marital Health as a bona fide health field is posited as the most viable means for obtaining funding for training, research and treatment concerning the marital dyad equal to such funding now available for other health fields. Obstacles to this development include (1) the failure to differentiate between the concepts of “healthy marriages” and “marital health as a health field,” (2) the erroneous assumption that marital health already exists as a health field, (3) the preindustrial myth of naturalism, and (4) criticisms of the health model that are based on the search for value‐free models and terminology.
The Clergyman and the Psychologist as Marriage Counselors: Differences in Philosophy, Referral Patterns and Treatment Approaches to Non‐Marital Relationships*
Authors: Kaslow Florence W. , Gingrich Gerald
Published: June 2007

This paper reflects the thoughts, observations and clinical experiences of the authors and two dozen of their colleagues in treating people involved in an assortment of non‐marital sexual relationships. The scant existing literature is alluded to when pertinent. Ten types of non‐married couple and group sex patterns and four special kinds of relationships that are of particular interest to therapists and to which they might find themselves peculiarly susceptible are described. Similarities between the philosophies, treatment approaches and referral patterns to psychologists and clergymen are elucidated; major differences are highlighted. One conclusion is that there is a need for much research into what constitutes effective treatment for people living alternate lifestyles to monogamous unions.
An Educational Model of Family Consultation*
Authors: Buckland Clare M.
Published: June 2007

This approach to working with families under stress recognizes the family as a system interacting via communication patterns among its own members and within a larger context of peers, neighbors, school, work, and community agencies. The goal is to help the family become a support system for all its members, more capable of meeting both adult and child needs for ongoing socialization and personal growth. The model is educational in that the focus is on teaching the family to identify strengths as well as dysfunctional behavior, and to acquire some basic communication and problem‐solving skills. Methods are both cognitive and experiential. The approach is useful in short‐term therapy with single families or groups of families.
Personality Similarity‐Dissimilarity and Underlying Psychopathology in Couples Seeking Marital Counseling
Authors: Meek Donald S. , Le Unes Arnold
Published: June 2007

Two hypotheses related to the conceptualization of marriage as an interaction relationship and marital dysfunction as interpersonal pathology were tested empirically. Thirty first‐married couples asking specifically for marital counseling from a community counseling service were administered Cattell's Sixteen Personality Factor Questionnaire. Husband and wife inter‐correlations on each of the 16 first order and 2 second order factors were derived. Male and female mean sten scores on Neuroticism and Psychoticism were also derived. Data analysis revealed support for the second but not the first hypothesis.
“Living Together” as a Developmental Phase: A Holistic View*
Authors: Davidoff Ida F.
Published: June 2007

“Living together” is examined not simply as a new cultural variant or trial marriage but as the effort of some young adults, particularly on campus, to deal with several fundamental aspects of moving from childhood to adulthood, or an additional “rite de passage.” It seems that increasingly many young people are trying to deal with the tasks and marked discontinuity in our culture between childhood and adulthood by this new open arrangement. To evaluate and respond appropriately to this transitional solution, the adult community‐college authorities, parents, counselors, and others‐might find it helpful to view holistically the many developmental tasks which must be dealt with simultaneously during this process. So viewed, “living together” can be seen as a creative solution for some rather than as “moral disintegration.”
Effectiveness of Group Reciprocity Counseling with Married Couples*
Authors: Dixon David N. , Sciara Anthony D.
Published: June 2007

This research examined the efficacy of using a reciprocity procedure with married couples in a group format. Seven couples, enrolled in a non‐credit extension course, participated in an eight‐week workshop. In‐workshop and at‐home assignments were completed by the participants. Data were collected using daily marital happiness ratings and a pre‐workshop inventory. Results were analyzed using t‐tests and multiple baseline procedure. Commitment to and optimism about marriage and ratings on 3 of 9 areas of couple interaction significantly increased over the seven‐week period. Introduction of specific reciprocity procedures and increased ratings of marital happiness were related in a contingent manner.
Equal Relationships: Fostering Growth for Clients and Counselors
Authors: Stahmann Robert F.
Published: June 2007

Luthman, S. G., & Kirschenbaum, M. The Dynamic Family.

Stapleton, J., & Bright, R. Equal Marriage.
Marital Satisfaction and Marital Stability*
Authors: Lenthall Gerard
Published: June 2007

This exploration of the relationship between marital satisfaction and marital stability utilizes the social‐psychological schema of Thibaut and Kelley (1959). Marital satisfaction is viewed as a function of the comparison between one's marital expectations and one's marital outcome. Marital stability is viewed as a function of the comparison between one's best available marital alternative and one's marital outcome. Hence, marital satisfaction and marital stability can differ. Implications of this view for both researcher and clinician are discussed.
Treating Families of Bone Marrow Recipients and Donors
Authors: Cohen Marie , Goldenberg Irene , Goldenberg Herbert
Published: June 2007

Leukemia and aplastic anemia are beginning to be treated by bone marrow transplants, involving donors and recipients from the same family. Such intimate involvement in the patients life and death struggles typically produces a family crisis and frequent maladaptive responses by various family members. A crisis‐focused family therapy approach is described which helps all members, including the hospitalized victim, develop adaptive coping strategies, and learn to deal realistically with expectations while maintaining hope. Physicians, too, must retain their reality‐orientation while holding onto hope. Two case histories illustrate common sources of family dysfunction and techniques of intervention through family therapy.
A Family Therapy Approach to Alcoholism*
Authors: Shapiro Rodney J.
Published: June 2007

Data accumulated from recent studies strongly suggest that family therapy is a promising method of treatment for alcoholism. In this paper a comprehensive treatment approach is proposed, based on known characteristics of alcoholic family systems and the author's clinical experiences in working with families of alcoholics. Specific strategies are described that can enhance treatment success by reducing resistances and maximizing changes in dysfunctional family interaction patterns. The relationship between the spouses is such as to perpetuate the need for alcohol. The major focus in therapy therefore is on understanding and changing the marital relationship.
Abstracts
Authors: Taggart Morris
Published: June 2007

Freedman, B. J. & Rice, D. G. Marital therapy in prison: One‐partner “couple therapy.”

Gutheil, T. G. & Avery, N. C. Multiple overt incest as family defense against loss.

Hanks, S. E. & Rosenbaum, C. P. Battered women: A study of women who live with violent alcohol‐abusing men.

Hooper, D., Roberts, F. J., Hinchliffe, M. K., & Vaughan, P. W. The melancholy marriage: An inquiry into the interaction of depression, I. Introduction.

Hinchliffe, M. K., Vaughan, P. W., Hooper, D., & Roberts, F. J. The melancholy marriage: An inquiry into the interaction of depression, II. Expressiveness.

Lennard, S. H. C. & Lennard, H. L. Architecture: Effect of territory, boundary, and orientation on family functioning.

Mendelbaum, A. A family centered approach to residential treatment.

Rudestam, K. E. Physical and psychological responses to suicide in the family.

Sigal, J. J., Lasry, J. C., Guttman, H., Chagoya, L., & Pilon, R. Some stable characteristics of family therapists' interventions in real and simulated therapy sessions.

Johnson, C. L. & Johnson, F. A. Attitudes toward parenting in dual‐career families.

Rhodes, S. L. A developmental approach to the life cycle of the family.

Schwartzman, J. Systemic aspects of abstinence and addiction.

Walker, K. N., Rogers, J., & Messinger, L. Remarriage after divorce: a review.
Depressive Dyadic and Triadic Relationships*
Authors: Rubinstein David , Timmins Joan F.
Published: June 2007

This paper describes some of the characteristics of relationship patterns established by partners with one depressed member. Depressive dyadic and triadic relationships are characterized by repetitive and patterned verbal and non‐verbal behavior which is designated as “microcycling”. A distinction is made between the psychotic and neurotic types. The personality characteristics of the “caretakers” are described. The psychodynamics of depressive dyadic relationships involves reaction formation against hidden mutual hostilities and a struggle for power. The triadic relationship secures a third party involvement to maintain a balance in the dyadic pair. Depressive dyadic and triadic relationships inhibit personal growth and fixate the individual at an early stage of psychosexual development. Treatment approaches include therapy of the partners' relationship and of the individual's pathological dynamics.
Intrapersonal and Interpersonal Models: Blending Gestalt and Family Therapies
Authors: Hatcher Chris
Published: June 2007

Family therapy is primarily focused upon interpersonal or transactional issues. Its major contributions have been in the development of communication analysis, communication opening techniques, and in illuminating group responsibility in the creation of an identified patient. Work with individual or subsystem boundaries has received far less attention. Gestalt therapy is particularly well suited for short term work on intrapersonal and boundary issues (Hatcher and Himelstein, 1976). The focus of this paper is to show how the selective integration of the two approaches provides a significant, new dimension in the development of family therapy.