bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Health‐related quality of life and associated factors in people with diabetes at high risk of foot ulceration
Authors: Perrin Byron M. , van Netten Jaap J. , aan de Stegge Wouter B. , Busch‐Westbroek Tessa E. , Bus Sicco A.
Published: November 2022

Background

The health‐related quality of life (HRQoL) of people with diabetes‐related foot complications has been increasingly reported, mostly from studies of people with a foot ulcer. The aim of this study was to assess HRQoL and determine factors associated with HRQoL in people with diabetes at high risk of foot ulceration.

Methods

In all, 304 participants enrolled in the Diabetic Foot Temperature Trial (DIATEMP) were included in the cross‐sectional analysis. HRQoL was measured by the RAND® 36‐Item Short Form Health Survey (SF‐36) at baseline. Potential factors associated with HRQoL were analysed using multiple linear regression analyses for the eight domains of the SF‐36.

Results

Participants were predominantly male (72%), mean age 64.6 (±10.5) years, 77% type 2 diabetes and mean duration of diabetes 20 (±14) years. Mean SF‐36 domain scores for the General Health (49.2 ± 20.1), Role Physical (50.9 ± 44.7), Physical Function (58.5 ± 27.9) and Vitality domains (59.8 ± 21.6) were lower compared to the Mental Health (78.4 ± 18.0), Social Functioning (75.3 ± 24.2), Role Emotional (73.5 ± 38.9) and Bodily Pain (67.0 ± 27.0) domains. HRQoL was lower than Dutch population‐based and general diabetes samples, but higher than in samples with an ulcer. Use of a walking aid was associated with lower HRQoL across all 8 SF‐36 domains (β range − 0.20 to − 0.50), non‐Caucasian descent was associated with lower HRQoL in 5 domains (β range − 0.13 to − 0.17). Not working, higher BMI and younger age were associated with lower HRQoL in 3 domains.

Conclusions

People at high risk of diabetes‐related foot ulceration have reduced HRQoL that varies across domains, with the physical domains most affected. Assessing mobility, ethnicity, BMI and job status may be useful in daily practice to screen for people who might benefit from interventions targeting HRQoL.

Trial registration

Netherlands Trial Registration: NTR5403. Registered on 8 September 2015.
Improvement of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in three adult men during testosterone treatment: a case series
Authors: Rogne Ane , Hassel Bjørnar
Published: November 2022

Background

Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) entails inattention, impulsivity, and restlessness at a disabling level. The pharmacological treatment of ADHD rests on the use of centrally acting stimulants, such as methylphenidate and D-amphetamine. In some patients, these drugs cause side effects that preclude their use.

Case presentation

We present three adult male, Caucasian, ADHD patients (24, 37, and 43 years old) whose ADHD symptoms improved during treatment with testosterone. The first patient experienced loss of libido during treatment with methylphenidate; for this, he was offered a trial of testosterone. Unexpectedly, his ADHD symptoms improved with testosterone treatment, and this effect continued with testosterone as monotherapy. The two other patients, who also had side effects from centrally acting stimulants, received testosterone monotherapy with similar results. The effect has now continued for 4.5–5 years at the same doses: 10–60 mg testosterone/day, administered as a skin gel. Prior to testosterone treatment, the patients had serum levels of testosterone in the low–normal range: 12–16 nmol/L (age-specific reference range: 10.4–32.6 nmol/L). The testosterone/sex hormone-binding globulin ratio was low in two patients (0.32 and 0.34; age-specific reference range: 0.38–1.1), suggesting low free serum levels of testosterone. Serum testosterone levels and testosterone/sex hormone-binding globulin ratios increased with testosterone treatment in all patients, but remained within reference values.

Conclusion

These cases suggest that a moderately reduced serum level of free testosterone may contribute to the ADHD symptoms of some adult male ADHD patients, and that testosterone treatment may be of value for these patients.
Using government data to understand the use and availability of medicines for hypertension and diabetes: lessons from Peru
Authors: Tenorio-Mucha Janeth , Lazo-Porras María , Zafra Jessica , Ewen Margaret , Beran David
Published: November 2022

Background

Regular measurement of the availability and use of key medicines for non-communicable diseases allows the tracking of progress to achieve equitable access to medicines. Using a country-level public sector monitoring system for medicine supply, we aim to evaluate the availability and use of losartan 50 mg tablets and metformin 850 mg tablets between 2015 and 2020 investigating the impact of different policy changes and the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods

Data from the Peruvian National System of Medicine Supply were analyzed using an interrupted time series analysis with known and unknown structural breaks. The outcomes assessed were medicine use (monthly doses dispensed at facilities over time) and medicine availability (proportion of facilities that reported having the medicine available).

Results

The use of losartan and metformin at the primary level of care had a linear increasing trend over the period of analysis. In secondary and tertiary levels of care, there were no increases but some significant level and trend changes of doses dispensed at different times between 2017 to 2019, but none were related to the change of procurement procedures. At all levels of care, the COVID-19 onset in April 2020 caused an abrupt drop in doses dispensed especially at the primary level. Regarding availability, we found an increasing linear trend in the primary level of care for both medicines. In secondary and tertiary levels of care, the availability fluctuated between 40 and 95%. The onset of the COVID-19 pandemic did not significantly impact medicine availability, except for losartan in the tertiary level of care.

Conclusion

The availability and proper dispensing of first-line medicines for hypertension and diabetes is an essential factor for sustainable and equitable treatment. Health care systems need to be prepared for forecasting the increasing demand of medicines for chronic diseases, but also to maintain effective medicine supply chains during humanitarian crisis like pandemics.
MarineMetagenomeDB: a public repository for curated and standardized metadata for marine metagenomes
Authors: Nata’ala Muhammad Kabiru , Avila Santos Anderson P. , Coelho Kasmanas Jonas , Bartholomäus Alexander , Saraiva João Pedro , Godinho Silva Sandra , Keller-Costa Tina , Costa Rodrigo , Gomes Newton C. M. , Ponce de Leon Ferreira de Carvalho André Carlos , Stadler Peter F. , Sipoli Sanches Danilo , Nunes da Rocha Ulisses
Published: November 2022

Background

Metagenomics is an expanding field within microbial ecology, microbiology, and related disciplines. The number of metagenomes deposited in major public repositories such as Sequence Read Archive (SRA) and Metagenomic Rapid Annotations using Subsystems Technology (MG-RAST) is rising exponentially. However, data mining and interpretation can be challenging due to mis-annotated and misleading metadata entries. In this study, we describe the Marine Metagenome Metadata Database (MarineMetagenomeDB) to help researchers identify marine metagenomes of interest for re-analysis and meta-analysis. To this end, we have manually curated the associated metadata of several thousands of microbial metagenomes currently deposited at SRA and MG-RAST.

Results

In total, 125 terms were curated according to 17 different classes (e.g., biome, material, oceanic zone, geographic feature and oceanographic phenomena). Other standardized features include sample attributes (e.g., salinity, depth), sample location (e.g., latitude, longitude), and sequencing features (e.g., sequencing platform, sequence count). MarineMetagenomeDB version 1.0 contains 11,449 marine metagenomes from SRA and MG-RAST distributed across all oceans and several seas. Most samples were sequenced using Illumina sequencing technology (84.33%). More than 55% of the samples were collected from the Pacific and the Atlantic Oceans. About 40% of the samples had their biomes assigned as ‘ocean’. The ‘Quick Search’ and ‘Advanced Search’ tabs allow users to use different filters to select samples of interest dynamically in the web app. The interactive map allows the visualization of samples based on their location on the world map. The web app is also equipped with a novel download tool (on both Windows and Linux operating systems), that allows easy download of raw sequence data of selected samples from their respective repositories. As a use case, we demonstrated how to use the MarineMetagenomeDB web app to select estuarine metagenomes for potential large-scale microbial biogeography studies.

Conclusion

The MarineMetagenomeDB is a powerful resource for non-bioinformaticians to find marine metagenome samples with curated metadata and stimulate meta-studies involving marine microbiomes. Our user-friendly web app is publicly available at https://webapp.ufz.de/marmdb/.
Exercise-induced Brugada pattern and ventricular tachycardia during Capecitabine treatment
Authors: Strobel George B. , Ponamgi Shiva P. , Roka Attila , Aboeata Ahmed S. A.
Published: November 2022

We report the case of a 59-year-old female patient with no previous cardiovascular disease treated for Breast cancer with Capecitabine. Shortly after starting treatment, she developed recurrent angina. An exercise stress echocardiogram was performed, which induced a type 1 Brugada pattern 12 s of a non-sustained pleomorphic ventricular tachycardia ensued.
Algebraic topology-based machine learning using MRI predicts outcomes in primary sclerosing cholangitis
Authors: Singh Yashbir , Jons William A. , Eaton John E. , Vesterhus Mette , Karlsen Tom , Bjoerk Ida , Abildgaard Andreas , Jorgensen Kristin Kaasen , Folseraas Trine , Little Derek , Gulamhusein Aliya F. , Petrovic Kosta , Negard Anne , Conte Gian Marco , Sobek Joseph D. , Jagtap Jaidip , Venkatesh Sudhakar K. , Gores Gregory J. , LaRusso Nicholas F. , Lazaridis Konstantinos N. , Erickson Bradley J.
Published: November 2022

Background

Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is a chronic cholestatic liver disease that can lead to cirrhosis and hepatic decompensation. However, predicting future outcomes in patients with PSC is challenging. Our aim was to extract magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features that predict the development of hepatic decompensation by applying algebraic topology-based machine learning (ML).

Methods

We conducted a retrospective multicenter study among adults with large duct PSC who underwent MRI. A topological data analysis-inspired nonlinear framework was used to predict the risk of hepatic decompensation, which was motivated by algebraic topology theory-based ML. The topological representations (persistence images) were employed as input for classification to predict who developed early hepatic decompensation within one year after their baseline MRI.

Results

We reviewed 590 patients; 298 were excluded due to poor image quality or inadequate liver coverage, leaving 292 potentially eligible subjects, of which 169 subjects were included in the study. We trained our model using contrast-enhanced delayed phase T1-weighted images on a single center derivation cohort consisting of 54 patients (hepatic decompensation, n = 21; no hepatic decompensation, n = 33) and a multicenter independent validation cohort of 115 individuals (hepatic decompensation, n = 31; no hepatic decompensation, n = 84). When our model was applied in the independent validation cohort, it remained predictive of early hepatic decompensation (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve = 0.84).

Conclusions

Algebraic topology-based ML is a methodological approach that can predict outcomes in patients with PSC and has the potential for application in other chronic liver diseases.
Are remote psychotherapy/remediation efforts accessible and feasible in patients with schizophrenia? A narrative review
Authors: Datta Reetobaan , Vishwanath Rashmi , Shenoy Sonia
Published: November 2022

Background

Cognitive remediation (CR) therapy provides an effective way to improve cognitive impairments in schizophrenia. With the advent of telehealth services, especially during COVID 19 pandemic, a suitable alternative can be found in computer and cell phone-based mental health interventions. Previous studies have proven that remote mental health interventions have by and large been successful. Remote psychotherapy/CR services can now be accessed through smartphone apps, iPads, laptops and wearable devices. This has the advantage of reaching a wider population in resource-limited settings. The lack of access to technology, difficulty in using these online interventions and lack of privacy provide impediments to the delivery of care through these online platforms. Further, as some previous studies have shown, there may be a high rate of dropout in people using remote mental health resources. We aim to look at the factors, which influence the accessibility of remote mental health interventions in schizophrenia. Additionally, we test the feasibility of these interventions and look at how they compare and the potential they hold for implementation in future clinical settings.

Results

We found remote cognitive remediation to be both accessible and feasible. Concerning features, however, are the high attrition rates and the concentration of the studies in Western populations.

Conclusions

Remote interventions are a viable alternative to in-person psychotherapy when in-person resources may not always be present. They are efficacious in improving health outcomes among patients with schizophrenia. Further research into the widespread implementation of remote CR will be beneficial in informing clinical decision-making.
Investigating the impact of database choice on the accuracy of metagenomic read classification for the rumen microbiome
Authors: Smith Rebecca H. , Glendinning Laura , Walker Alan W. , Watson Mick
Published: November 2022

Microbiome analysis is quickly moving towards high-throughput methods such as metagenomic sequencing. Accurate taxonomic classification of metagenomic data relies on reference sequence databases, and their associated taxonomy. However, for understudied environments such as the rumen microbiome many sequences will be derived from novel or uncultured microbes that are not present in reference databases. As a result, taxonomic classification of metagenomic data from understudied environments may be inaccurate. To assess the accuracy of taxonomic read classification, this study classified metagenomic data that had been simulated from cultured rumen microbial genomes from the Hungate collection. To assess the impact of reference databases on the accuracy of taxonomic classification, the data was classified with Kraken 2 using several reference databases. We found that the choice and composition of reference database significantly impacted on taxonomic classification results, and accuracy. In particular, NCBI RefSeq proved to be a poor choice of database. Our results indicate that inaccurate read classification is likely to be a significant problem, affecting all studies that use insufficient reference databases. We observed that adding cultured reference genomes from the rumen to the reference database greatly improved classification rate and accuracy. We also demonstrated that metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) have the potential to further enhance classification accuracy by representing uncultivated microbes, sequences of which would otherwise be unclassified or incorrectly classified. However, classification accuracy was strongly dependent on the taxonomic labels assigned to these MAGs. We therefore highlight the importance of accurate reference taxonomic information and suggest that, with formal taxonomic lineages, MAGs have the potential to improve classification rate and accuracy, particularly in environments such as the rumen that are understudied or contain many novel genomes.
Brewing and biochemical characterization of Camellia japonica petal wine with comprehensive discussion on metabolomics
Authors: Majumder Soumya , Ghosh Arindam , Chakraborty Sourav , Bhattacharya Malay
Published: November 2022

A novel wine has been developed fromCamellia japonica’s petal by fermenting the decoction withSaccharomyces cerevisiaeor brewer’s yeast. pH, brix, specific gravity and alcohol percentage were tested to study the physicochemical properties of the wine. Qualitative tests indicated presence of phenols such as flavonoids, coumarins; protein; glycosides; glycerin; terpenoids; steroids; and fatty acids in the wine. Total phenol content was found high in the decoction and in its fermented form as well. In vitro biological activities such as antioxidant activity, antidiabetic activity and lipid peroxidation inhibition power were assessed in samples. Furthermore, GC-MS analysis helped to detect volatiles present in the unfermented decoction and understand the effect of fermentation on its changing metabolome while column chromatography assisted the separation of solvent-based fractions. Notable outcomes from this study were detection of bioactive compound quinic acid in the decoction and a proposed pathway of its metabolic breakdown after fermentation. Results of this research revealed biochemical and physicochemical acceptability of this wine prepared from an underutilized flower.

Graphical Abstract
The effect of mindfulness and metacognition on anxiety symptoms: a case-control study
Authors: Aydın Orkun , Obuća Faruk , Çakıroğlu Elif , Ünal-Aydın Pınar , Esen-Danacı Ayşen
Published: November 2022

Background

Anxiety disorders (ADs) are associated with numerous psychiatric disorders; despite the efforts in psychotherapy models targeting their etiology, novel treatment strategies are still developing. We aimed to assess whether mindfulness and metacognition differ between patients with ADs and healthy controls (HCs) and whether the symptom severity of ADs is related to mindfulness and metacognition among patients. Two-hundred participants were enrolled in this study. Structured clinical interview, sociodemographic form, Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire-Short Form, Metacognition Questionnaire-30, and Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale were administered. Multivariate analysis of covariance was conducted to compare the groups in terms of mindfulness and metacognition. Correlation and multiple linear regression analyses were performed to measure the association between the variables.

Results

The main finding indicates that positive beliefs about worry are associated with reduced symptom severity of ADs. Furthermore, HCs have more positive beliefs about worry and nonjudging of inner experience compared to patients with ADs, who utilize negative beliefs about uncontrollability and danger and need to control thoughts to a greater extent.

Conclusions

This study demonstrates that dysfunctional metacognitive beliefs may influence the anxiety severity of adult patients. We suggest that focusing on reducing maladaptive metacognitions may be supportive of AD improvement.
Ovine coccidiosis and associated risk factors in Minya, Egypt
Authors: Mohamed Hend Ibrahim , Arafa Waleed M. , El-Dakhly Khaled Mohamed
Published: November 2022

Background

Coccidiosis is a potential protozoal disease of economic importance in sheep worldwide. The current study aimed to detect the prevalence of ovine coccidiosis and identification of the recovered species in Minya, Egypt. Three hundred and fifty sheep from Minia, Egypt, were coprologically examined for the occurrence ofEimeriaspecies oocysts by using the standard floatation technique.

Results

Oocysts were detected in 180 (51.43%) animals. Mixed infection was recorded in 37.14% (130/350) and single infection was revealed in 14.29% (50/350) sheep. The prevalence of coccidiosis was significantly higher in young sheep. FourteenEimeriaspecies were detected;Eimeria bakuensis,E. webybridgensis,E. ahusta,E. intricata,E. granulosa,E. faurei,E. ninakohlyakim-ovae,Eimeria coitae-like,E. parva,E. pallida,E. marsica,E.crandallis,E. ovinoidalisandE.arloingi. The most predominantEimeriaspecies wasEimeria parva(14.57%; 51/350) followed byE.ovinoidalis(14.0%; 49/350),E. granulosa(8.29%; 29/350),E. bakuensis(7.14%; 25/350),E. intricata(5.43%; 19/350),E.faureiandE.webybridgensis(4.86%; 17/350 each),E. pallida(4.0%; 14/350),E.ninakohlyakim-ovae(3.71%; 13/350),E.crandallisandE. ahsata(3.43%; 12/350 each),E. marsicaandE.arloingi(1.71%; 6/350 each). The least abundant species wasE.coitae-like (1.14%; 4/350).

Conclusion

FourteenEimeriaspecies were recovered from sheep in Minya, Egypt;Eimeria bakuensis,E. webybridgensis,E. ahusta,E. intricata,E. granulosa,E. faurei,E. ninakohlyakim-ovae,Eimeria coitae-like,E. parva,E. pallida,E. marsica,E.crandallis,E. ovinoidalisandE.arloingi.Eimeria parvawas the most common whileE.coitae-like was the least. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report for the occurrence ofE.coitae-like in sheep in Egypt. Prevention and effective control programs should be strictly followed to avoid economic losses resulted from the coccidian infection.
Protective mechanism of quercetin and its derivatives in viral-induced respiratory illnesses
Authors: Rizky Wahyu Choirur , Jihwaprani Muhammad Candragupta , Mushtaq Mazhar
Published: November 2022

Globally, acute respiratory illnesses are the most commonly manifesting illness in all age group. The disease mostly affects the upper respiratory tract (URT) and is self-limiting. However, a small percentage progresses to lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI). The most important causative agents of severe LRTIs are bacteria and viruses. Various viruses can cause respiratory tract infections, being the most essential belonging to the Orthomyxoviridae, Paramyxoviridae, Picornaviridae, coronaviruses, and adenoviruses. Quercetin is classified as a flavonoid compound and was previously known to have antiviral, antibacterial, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities. Some preclinical studies highlight quercetin could also interfere with coronavirus infection and modulate the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Since there is no comprehensive compilation addressing the antiviral activities of quercetin and its derivatives, this narrative review provides a summary of the preclinical evidence of their antiviral activities on respiratory illnesses induced by viruses other than coronaviruses. The literature research was performed in PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar. The results explain that quercetin has a wide range of actions in viral-induced respiratory illnesses including, but not limited to suppressing pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, promoting antioxidant-related genes expression, blocking viral entry and replication, accelerating viral clearance, reducing the accumulation of alveolar macrophages, and reducing goblet cells marker and mucin gene expression.
Prevalence and early outcome of bronchiectasis as an atypical presentation in COVID-19 patients
Authors: Hussein Aliae A. R. Mohamed , Shaddad Ahmad M. , Hashem Maiada K. , Okasha Maha Ahmed
Published: November 2022

Introduction

Bronchiectasis was considered as an uncommon radiological feature of corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection. The clinical course and outcome of COVID-19 bronchiectasis overlap is still a point for research. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence, course, and outcome of bronchiectasis as an atypical presentation of COVID-19 infection.

Methods

A cross-sectional study has been conducted from July 2021 to February 2022 and included 425 COVID-19 swab-positive patients who were examined by high resolution computed tomography of the chest during acute phase (4 weeks) of the infection.

Results

Fourteen (3.3%) patients newly developed bronchiectasis-de novo. Patients with de novo bronchiectasis had significantly higher cough score, frequency of colored sputum and mMRC score, respiratory distress (p < 0.001) and respiratory failure (p = 0.02) than patients with no bronchiectasis. They also had the higher frequency of ICU’s admission (p = 0.02), need to non-invasive (p = 0.01), and invasive mechanical ventilation (p = < 0.001), duration of mechanical ventilation, ICU’s stay and overall hospital stay (p < 0.001). As for the outcome, death rate was also statistically significantly higher among those with De novo bronchiectasis than those without bronchiectasis (p = 0.04).

Conclusion

Bronchiectasis is an uncommon presentation among COVID-19 patients. However, bronchiectasis increases disease burden in COVID-19 patients. It may have a negative impact on the outcome.

Trial registration

ClinicalTrials.gov. NCT04910113. Registered June 2, 2021.
How a single receptor-like kinase exerts diverse roles: lessons from FERONIA
Authors: Wang Gaopeng , Zhao Zhifang , Zheng Xinhang , Shan Wenfeng , Fan Jiangbo
Published: November 2022

FERONIA (FER) is a member of the Catharanthus roseus receptor-like kinase 1-like (CrRLK1L) protein subfamily, which participates in reproduction, abiotic stress, biotic stress, cell growth, hormone response, and other molecular mechanisms of plants. However, the mechanism by which a single RLK is capable of mediating multiple signals and activating multiple cellular responses remains unclear. Here, we summarize research progress revealing the spatial–temporal expression of FER, along with its co-receptors and ligands determined the function of FER signaling pathway in multiple organs. The specificity of the FER signaling pathway is proposed to operate under a four-layered mechanism: (1) Spatial–temporal expression of FER, co-receptors, and ligands specify diverse functions, (2) Specific ligands or ligand combinations trigger variable FER signaling pathways, (3) Diverse co-receptors confer diverse FER perception and response modes, and (4) Unique downstream components that modify FER signaling and responses. Moreover, the regulation mechanism of the signaling pathway- appears to depend on the interaction among the ligands, RLK receptors, co-receptors, and downstream components, which may be a general mechanism of RLKs to maintain signal specificity. This review will provide a insight into understanding the specificity determination of RLKs signaling in both model and horticultural crops.
Mortality in people with mental disorders in Poland: A nationwide, register-based cohort study
Authors: Kiejna A. , Janus J. , Cichoń E. , Paciorek S. , Zięba M. , Gondek T. M.
Published: November 2022

Background

Mortality among people with mental disorders is higher in comparison with the general population. There is a scarcity of studies on mortality in the abovementioned group of people in Central and Eastern European countries.

Methods

The study aimed to assess all-cause mortality in people with mental disorders in Poland. We conducted a nationwide, register-based cohort study utilizing data from two nationwide registries in Poland: the registry of healthcare services reported to the National Health Fund (2009–2018) and the all-cause death registry from Statistics Poland (2019). We identified individuals who were consulted or hospitalized in public mental healthcare facilities and received at least one diagnosis of mental disorders (International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Health Problems [ICD-10]) from 2009 to 2018. Standardized mortality ratios (SMRs) were compared between people with a history of mental disorder and the general population.

Results

The study comprised 4,038,517 people. The SMR for individuals with any mental disorder compared with the general population was 1.54. SMRs varied across diagnostic groups, with the highest values for substance use disorders (3.04; 95% CI 3.00–3.09), schizophrenia, schizotypal and delusional disorders (2.12; 95% CI 2.06–2.18), and pervasive and specific developmental disorders (1.68; 95% CI 1.08–2.29). When only inpatients were considered, all-cause mortality risk was almost threefold higher than in the general population (SMR 2.90; 95% CI 2.86–2.94).

Conclusions

In Poland, mortality in people with mental disorders is significantly higher than in the general population. The results provide a reference point for future longitudinal studies on mortality in Poland.
Graffiti and the British Postwar Poem
Authors: Gargaillo Florian
Published: November 2022

This essay considers how British poetry responded to the rise of graffiti after World War II, using the work of Dannie Abse, Philip Larkin, and Tony Harrison as case studies. Poets of this era were awkwardly placed to discuss graffiti. The striking formal differences between the two genres made graffiti difficult to imitate and cannibalize. Moreover, poets occupied an ambiguous position vis-à-vis the establishment culture that graffitists wished to contest. Conscious of their difficult situation, poets took up a variety of approaches, each marked by distinctive paradoxes. Abse viewed graffiti with a distancing sociological eye, even as he recognized the limits of that perspective by stressing the culpability of each person, including himself, in widening social inequalities. Larkin approached graffiti with a mix of disdain at the defacement of public property and envy over the liberties that the graffitist could take against middle-class sensibilities. Harrison found himself pulled between sympathy for a social world that was once his own and a deeper sense of alienation now that his education and his work as a poet had set him apart from that community. Such paradoxes lend the poems a special value when set against a broader public discourse that tended to simply defend or condemn graffiti.
Bortezomib-induced neurotoxicity in human neurons is the consequence of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide depletion
Authors: Snavely Andrew R. , Heo Keungjung , Petrova Veselina , Ho Tammy Szu-Yu , Huang Xuan , Hermawan Crystal , Kagan Ruth , Deng Tao , Singeç Ilyas , Chen Long , Barret Lee B. , Woolf Clifford J.
Published: November 2022

The proteosome inhibitor bortezomib has revolutionized the treatment of multiple hematologic malignancies, but in many cases, its efficacy is limited by a dose-dependent peripheral neuropathy. We show that human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC)-derived motor neurons and sensory neurons provide a model system for the study of bortezomib-induced peripheral neuropathy, with promising implications for furthering the mechanistic understanding of and developing treatments for preventing axonal damage. Human neurons in tissue culture displayed distal-to-proximal neurite degeneration when exposed to bortezomib. This process coincided with disruptions in mitochondrial function and energy homeostasis, similar to those described in rodent models of bortezomib-induced neuropathy. Moreover, although the degenerative process was unaffected by inhibition of caspases, it was completely blocked by exogenous nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+), a mediator of the SARM1-dependent axon degeneration pathway. We demonstrate that bortezomib-induced neurotoxicity in relevant human neurons proceeds through mitochondrial dysfunction and NAD+ depletion-mediated axon degeneration, raising the possibility that targeting these changes might provide effective therapeutics for the prevention of bortezomib-induced neuropathy and that modeling chemotherapy-induced neuropathy in human neurons has utility.
Exploring the facilitation of meaningful leisure activities in designated centres for older persons (nursing homes) in Ireland: A protocol for content documentary analysis of HIQA inspection reports.
Authors: Robinson Katie , Fitzgerald Christine , Galvin Rose , O' Connor Aisling
Published: November 2022

Background: Nursing homes (NHs) in Ireland are regulated by the Health Information and Quality Authority (HIQA). Regulations for nursing homes under the Health Act 2007 (as amended) states that registered providers must provide residents with facilities for occupation and recreation, and opportunities to participate in activities in accordance with their interests and capacities (Government of Ireland, 2013 - S.I. No. 415/2013). Despite the proven benefits of engagement in meaningful activities, when an older person enters a NH, they often lose autonomy in occupational roles, and engagement in meaningful activities (Causey-Upton, 2015).  In 2019, HIQA highlighted that there were relatively high levels of non-compliance in the area of residents’ rights (HIQA, 2020).

Aim: Given the central role of leisure activities to older adults’ health and well-being, this study aims to understand how NH residents in Ireland were afforded opportunities for meaningful engagement in activities prior to and throughout the COVID-19 pandemic (2019 – 2021). This will be conducted through analysing a sample of publicly available HIQA inspection reports for NHs from 2019 – 2021.

Methods: A content documentary analysis will be conducted using a qualitative deductive approach. Purposive sampling will be used to select 21 nursing home reports for the years 2019, 2020 and 2021. The sample will include nursing homes reported to be non-compliant, substantially compliant and compliant in the regulation of residents’ rights. An inspection report for each of these NHs (n=21) for the year 2019, 2020 and 2021 will create a sample of 63 reports for analysis. This sample will capture three time points for the 21 NHs pre-pandemic and throughout the pandemic.
The Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC): a 2022 update on the enrolled sample of mothers and the associated baseline data
Authors: Major-Smith Daniel , Heron Jon , Fraser Abigail , Lawlor Deborah A. , Golding Jean , Northstone Kate
Published: November 2022

The Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC) is a prospective birth cohort, based in and around Bristol, UK, established to explore genetic and environmental factors impacting health and development. 14,541 pregnancies were initially recruited from 20,248 eligible pregnancies. As the G1 offspring turned 7 years of age, children from eligible pregnancies who had not been enrolled into the study were invited to take part. The enrolment status of these additional G1 offspring (n=913) has been well-documented. Here we provide an updated description of the ALSPAC G0 mothers study cohort (which includes newly enrolled mothers), their associated pregnancies and the mz data file that defines this cohort. At the time of writing there are 14,833 unique mothers enrolled in ALSPAC, with 15,447 associated pregnancies enrolled. The update to the mz file also includes new variables to assist researchers when using mothers’ data whilst accounting for non-independence between data related to multiple pregnancies (i.e., women with more than one pregnancy in the study).
LEVELS OF SITUATIONAL AND PERSONAL ANXIETY IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE IN CONDITIONS OF COMORBIDITY
Authors: Kozlov Evgeny V. , Derevyannich Evgeny V. , Balashova Natalia A. , Yaskevich Roman A. , Moskalenko Olga L.
Published: November 2022

The purpose of the study. To assess the levels of situational and personal anxiety in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in conditions of comorbidity with arterial hypertension (AH).

Materials and methods. The study included 92 male patients with COPD. Of these, 63 patients with COPD in combination with hypertension. The diagnosis of COPD verified and the severity assessed in accordance with the GOLD criteria. The Spielberger-Hanin scale used to assess the level of situational and personal anxiety.

Results. It s found that men with COPD in conditions of comorbidity with hypertension are characterized by statistically significantly higher values of the average score of both situational and personal anxiety on the Spielberger-Hanin scale. In this group of examined patients, patients with indicators of situational and personal anxiety corresponding to a high level and less often to a low level of anxiety were significantly more common. Among men with COPD of the IV st., persons with high levels of situational and personal anxiety were significantly more common.

Conclusion. The results of the study demonstrated a high level of anxiety disorders in COPD patients, especially in people with comorbidity with hypertension and a positive relationship between the level of anxiety and the severity of the disease.
FORMATION OF PROFESSIONAL AND PEDAGOGICAL COMPETENCIES OF PEDIATRICIANS AS AN URGENT PROBLEM OF MODERN MEDICAL EDUCATION
Authors: Yatsevich Natalya A.
Published: November 2022

This article raises the problem associated with the formation of pedagogical competencies of specialists studying in residency. The labor functions of pediatricians are expanding thanks to pedagogical competencies that allow children and their parents to cultivate a value attitude to health and a healthy lifestyle, to develop motivation in mastering health-saving skills. Taking into account the complexity of the formation of pedagogical competencies of pediatricians at the residency stage, in the 2021-2022 academic year, a theoretical study was conducted at the St. Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University, involving the study of this issue.

Purpose. To study the theory and practice of the formation of professional and pedagogical competencies of pediatricians at the stage of training in residency.

Methodology. This study is based on a socio-oriented approach that allows us to consider the state of the stated problem in Russian medical education. The study was carried out with the help of a theoretical analysis of the literature on pedagogy and psychology of higher education, the history of medical education.

Results. The materials of the theoretical study made it possible to actualize the problem of the formation of pedagogical competencies among pediatricians, to describe approaches to the interpretation of the concept of “pedagogical competencies”, to clarify the features of the formation of pedagogical competencies of specialists studying in residency.

Conclusions. The content of theoretical research can be integrated into the system of training doctors at the stage of pre-diploma and postgraduate medical education.
Cytomegalovirus infection in pregnant women - threats, diagnosis and treatment
Authors: Grunwald Arkadiusz , Brzuszkiewicz Kinga , Nowak Katarzyna , Satora Małgorzata , Klas Jakub , Rudziński Gracjan
Published: November 2022

Cytomegalovirus is one of the most widespread DNA viruses, with 90% of women of childbearing age in Poland infected with it. Infection poses a risk to the mother as well as the fetus, as the virus can cross the placenta and damage the fetus. The purpose of this paper is to review scientific publications from 2017-2022, which describe the course of cytomegalovirus infection in pregnant women, the risks to the mother and fetus associated with the infection, methods of diagnosing the infection in the pregnant woman and the fetus, as well as treatment of cytomegalovirus infection and directions for vaccine research.

The most common complications of congenital cytomegalovirus infection include hearing loss, mental developmental delays and miscarriage. The infection can be detected in the pregnant woman by immunological testing, while polymerase chain reaction is used in the fetus and newborn. Early detection of infection in a pregnant woman allows the implementation of treatment which includes ganciclovir, valganciclovir, acyclovir and valacyclovir. A vaccine against cytomegalovirus has not been developed. Particularly important in the prevention of infection is to conduct educational activities regarding the routes of transmission of the virus and the consequences of congenital infection for the fetus.

Cytomegalovirus infections among pregnant women. It is important to monitor fetal development and possibly diagnose for congenital CMV infection in case of abnormalities, and the best diagnostic method is polymerase chain reaction testing. For the treatment of congenital CMV infection, acyclovir and valacyclovir are preferred, and therapy should be implemented for specific indications. Attention should be paid to educating women about infections caused by cytomegalovirus.
Influencia de la capacidad de aprendizaje y de adaptación sobre la capacidad de innovación en producto en la industria colombiana
Authors: Beltrán-Díaz Albeiro , Alvarez-Melgarejo Mileidy , Garavito-Hernández Youseline
Published: November 2022

El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar la relación de influencia entre las capacidades de aprendizaje y de adaptación organizacional sobre la capacidad de innovación en las empresas industriales colombianas. Para esto se seleccionó una muestra por conveniencia de 1571 empresas industriales colombianas con presencia de datos en 100 variables extraídas de la encuesta edit Industria 2017-2018 y se utilizó un modelo correlacional y un modelo de regresión logit analizados en el software estadístico Stata. Los resultados de correlación más relevantes exponen que, individualmente, las capacidades de aprendizaje y de adaptación se relacionan de manera positiva y significativa con la capacidad de innovación. Por su parte, el modelo de regresión evidencia que los efectos marginales varían considerablemente cuando se miden conjuntamente las capacidades de aprendizaje y de adaptación frente a la capacidad de innovación.
Antibiotic resistance pattern of Extended-Spectrum ?-Lactamase (ESBL) producing Escherichia coli isolated from broiler farm environment in Pasuruan district, Indonesia
Authors: YANESTRIA SHEILA MARTY , DAMEANTI FIDI NUR AINI EKA PUJI , MUSAYANNAH BETI GISTAWATI , PRATAMA JUNIANTO WIKA ADI , WITANINGRUM ADIANA MUTAMSARI , EFFENDI MUSTOFA HELMI , UGBO EMMANUEL NNABUIKE
Published: November 2022

Abstract. Yanestria SM, Dameanti FNAEP, Musayannah BG, Pratama JWA, Witaningrum AM, Effendi MH, Ugbo EN. 2022. Antibiotic resistance pattern of Extended-Spectrum ?-Lactamase (ESBL) producing Escherichia coli isolated from broiler farm environment in Pasuruan district, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 4460-4465. Escherichia coli is one of the bacteria that can be used as an indicator of environmental pollution. This bacterium has the ability to become an antimicrobial-resistant bacterium that impacts public health. The antimicrobial ability can develop into a bacterium that produces extended-spectrum ?-lactamase (ESBL). The purpose of this study was to reveal the occurrence of extended-spectrum ?-lactamase (ESBL) producing E. coli from a broiler farm environment in Pasuruan district and to describe the phenotypic pattern of E. coli producing ESBL that has been detected. A total of 175 samples were used in this study consisting of 115 samples of coop swabs and 65 samples of wastewater around the farm. The samples were isolated and identified to find E. coli by using different culture media viz. McConkey agar (MCA), eosin methylene blue agar (EMBA), Gram staining, indole test, methyl red Voges Proskauer (MR-VP), citrate, and triple sugar iron agar (TSIA). Detection of ESBL using the double disc synergy test (DDST) according to standard Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute procedures and the VITEK®2 compact apparatus. The results of ESBL confirmation with DDST and VITEK®2 showed that 16 (9.14%) of the 175 environmental samples confirmed E. coli produced ESBL. The results of the VITEK®2 test also produced a phenotypic pattern of resistance properties of ESBL-producing E. coli and found 12 types of resistance patterns. The combination of “AM AMP ATM KZ CTX CRO CIP” and “AM AMP ATM KZ CTX CRO GM CIP SXT” are the 2 most common resistance patterns (18.75%), while the other 10 resistance patterns occur at the same level (6.25%). The data presented here confirmed the presence of ESBL-producing E. coli in the farm environment, which can contribute to the dissemination of MDR bacteria in the environment if not monitored. Therefore, the presence of ESBL-producing E. coli in Pasuruan is worrisome since it can lead to an impact on human health.
Anthropogenic implications for land cover changes and vegetation structure in coastal protected forest
Authors: EDDY SYAIFUL , DAHLIANAH INKA , MASHITO CONNY , OKTAVIA MAHARANI , UTOMO BUDI
Published: November 2022

Abstract. Eddy S, Dahlianah I, Mashito C, Oktavia M, Utomo B. 2022. Anthropogenic implications for land cover changes and vegetation structure in coastal protected forest. Biodiversitas 23: 4473-4481. Anthropogenic activities in coastal areas have largely eliminated mangrove forest cover, including the Air Telang Protected Forest (ATPF). This study aims to analyze land cover changes in 2021 and the vegetation structure in ATPF which covers an area of ??approximately 12,660.87 ha. The method used in this study is a survey method with two stages of data collection, namely the collection of image data and vegetation data. Image data for 2021 was obtained from Landsat 8 Oli, while vegetation data were collected through the identification of plant species and quantitative analysis through the calculation of the Important Value Index (IVI) and the Shannon Diversity Index (H?). The results of this study show that there has been deforestation in ATPF by 66.4% until 2021 due to land conversion into coconut plantations, oil palm plantations and open areas. The number of plant species obtained was 20 species consisting of seven true mangrove species and 13 associated mangrove species. The diversity index ranges from 0.00 to 0.62 which is included in the low category.
Genetic diversity and structure of kola tree (Cola nitida) clones germplasm in Côte d’Ivoire using Single Nucleotide Polymorphism markers
Authors: OUATTARA YAYA , KOFFI KOUAMÉ GUILLAUME , SÉRY DROLET JEAN-MARC , SARAKA DIDIER MARTIAL , POKOU N’DA DÉSIRÉ , GBA KARINE KOSSIA MANZAN , BONSSON BOUADOU , AKAFFOU DOFFOU SÉLASTIQUE , SIÉ RAOUL SYLVÈRE
Published: November 2022

Abstract. Ouattara Y, Koffi KG, Séry DJ-M, Saraka DM, Pokou ND, Gba KKM, Bonsson B, Akaffou DS, Sié RS. 2022. Genetic diversity and structure of kola tree (Cola nitida) clones germplasm in Côte d’Ivoire using Single Nucleotide Polymorphism markers. Biodiversitas 23: 4677-4685. The kola nut comes from the cola tree (Cola nitida [Vent.] Schott & Endl.), a product of economic interest to Côte d’Ivoire. The country is the leading producer and exporter. However, much of its collection has been destroyed due to urbanization and deforestation. This has resulted in the loss of much of its genetic diversity. This study aimed to determine genetic diversity and structure of C. nitida in Côte d’Ivoire using Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNPs) markers. Thirty clones from Côte d’Ivoire (14 clones) and Nigeria (16 clones) cultivated in CNRA (Centre National de Recherche Agronomique) were analyzed using 145 SNPs. GBS (Genotyping by Sequencing) technique was used for the genotyping. The results confirmed the existence of both origins (Côte d’Ivoire and Nigeria) by analyzing clones’ genetic structure and the principal coordinate analysis. The genetic diversity obtained was higher within origins than among origins. The two origins showed moderate differentiation (FST = 0.11) and the genetic distance was 0.46. The 30 clones were subdivided into six subgroups partially overlapping the geographical origins. Genetic differentiation among subgroups was moderate to very strong (FST ranging from 0.10 to 0.26). Four clones from Nigeria were close to those from Côte d’Ivoire. This genetic structuring highlights the possibilities for genetic improvement of kola trees in Côte d’Ivoire.