bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
MODALIDADES DE LEGITIMACIÓN ACTIVA Y TUTELA JUDICIAL EN EL PROCESO CIVIL
Authors: Ortells Ramos Manuel
Published: June 2024

Constituye la presente obra una contribución en homenaje al catedrático de Derecho Procesal D. Valentín Cortés Domínguez, preparada por sus discípulos con el apoyo de los colegas y amigos que han querido sumarse a la celebración, que trae causa del cumplimiento este año en curso del cuarenta aniversario de su llegada a la cátedra en la Universidad Autónoma de Madrid.
AUDIENCIA DEL MENOR EN LOS PROCESOS DE RUPTURA DE PAREJA: ¿ES SIEMPRE PRECEPTIVA?
Authors: Pillado González Esther , Otero Otero Blanca
Published: June 2024

Constituye la presente obra una contribución en homenaje al catedrático de Derecho Procesal D. Valentín Cortés Domínguez, preparada por sus discípulos con el apoyo de los colegas y amigos que han querido sumarse a la celebración, que trae causa del cumplimiento este año en curso del cuarenta aniversario de su llegada a la cátedra en la Universidad Autónoma de Madrid.
LA PROYECCIÓN DE UN NUEVO PROCEDIMIENTO JUDICIAL PARA SOLICITAR LA INDEMNIZACIÓN POR LA PRISIÓN PREVENTIVA TRAS LA ABSOLUCIÓN
Authors: Bonachera Villegas Raquel
Published: June 2024

Constituye la presente obra una contribución en homenaje al catedrático de Derecho Procesal D. Valentín Cortés Domínguez, preparada por sus discípulos con el apoyo de los colegas y amigos que han querido sumarse a la celebración, que trae causa del cumplimiento este año en curso del cuarenta aniversario de su llegada a la cátedra en la Universidad Autónoma de Madrid.
Den levende pausen
Authors: Sørby Marthe
Published: June 2024

Artikkelen utforsker fenomenet pause innen musikkterapi. Den har et fokus på pause som begrep forbundet med begrepet stillhet, og utvikler et perspektiv på fenomenet basert på tre dybdeintervju, med henholdsvis en danser, en korleder og en musikkterapeut. Empirien stammer fra et arbeid som er gjort i forbindelse med en mastergrad om emnet. Artikkelen viser at temaet, om fenomenet pause innen musikkterapi, er høyst relevant og viktig å få belyst med tanke på en større bevissthet om dens betydning og potensialer.
Research of gas exchange and air purification processes by plants of the common privet (Ligustrum vulgare L.) species
Authors: Tkachenko Tetiana , Mileikovskyi Viktor , Kravchenko Maryna
Published: June 2024

Growing urbanization creates air pollution problems, which is becoming dangerous for human health and unsuitable for indoor ventilation. An effective solution is the combination of green structures with engineering systems, which requires the development of new methods and quantitative laboratory studies of gas and mass exchange processes of plants. The purpose of the study was to quantify the ability of plants of the common privet (Ligustrum vulgare L.) to release and absorb oxygen and СО2, as well as to study the effectiveness of air purification from particulate matter in order to properly take into account the impact of plants in the process of their selection for greening urban landscapes. The research was carried out according to the methodology developed by the authors in a gas exchange chamber, which was upgraded to model external conditions and study plants with small leaf area and developed stems. The results of the experiment showed that Ligustrum vulgare L. bushes with a small total photosynthetic leaf surface area are inefficient for carbon dioxide absorption in an urbanized environment, so plants with a significant proportion of photosynthetically active biomass and fast-growing plants should be preferred. It was determined that at maximum illumination, the degree of absorption of PM2.5 and PM10 by Ligustrum vulgare L. bushes was 8.84‧10-5...1.5‧10-4 μg/s, which confirms the effective absorption of particulate matter with a diameter of up to 2.5 and up to 10 μm from the air by the studied plants. The results obtained indicate an increase in the concentration of total volatile organic compounds in the outlet compartment, which indicates the active release of volatile phyto-organic substances by plants in the amount of 2.442...2.973 μg/s. The results of the study can be used for effective taxonomic selection of woody plants during the design and creation of urban green spaces that are resistant to the conditions of the urban environment
Unlocking the Future: Exploring the Dynamics and Implications of Cryptocurrency in the Modern Financial Landscape
Authors: Wadibhasme Mr. Chetan Kishor
Published: June 2024

Abstract: This study examines the complex world of cryptocurrencies, highlighting its dynamic character and significant ramifications for the modern financial system. Key themes including decentralization, security, blockchain technology, and regulatory issues are explored through in-depth examination. This study highlights the revolutionary potential of cryptocurrencies and emphasizes their role in altering existing financial systems and boosting financial inclusion by combining current theory and empirical evidence. The study also looks into how the adoption of cryptocurrencies affects different stakeholders, such as governments, companies, investors, and society at large. This study aims to provide insight into the future direction of cryptocurrencies and their importance in opening up new opportunities for innovation and economic growth through a forward-looking viewpoint. KEY WORDS: Keywords: Cryptocurrency, Decentralization, Security, Regulatory, Challenges, Transformation, Financial Inclusion
DOCTOR APPOINTMENT SYSTEM
Authors: TELMORE SONAL
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT— Doctor Appointment System is a web based application which provides patients or any user and easy way of booking a doctor’s appointment online. This is a web based application that overcomes the issue of managing and booking appointments according to user’s choice or demands. The task sometime become very tedious for the compounder or doctor himself in manually allotting appointments for the users as per their availability. Hence this project offers an effective solution where user can view various booking slots available select the preferred date and time. The main objective of “Doctor Appointment Management System” project is to providing easier doctor appointment and gets appointment online which save lots of time. Index Terms – Deep Learning, Machine Learning, CNN, Image classification, Brain disease, MRI classification.
MEDIPLUS- PROVIDE MEDICAL SERVICES
Authors: Deopujari Miss. Bhakti
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT: MediPlus is a web-based platform designed to streamline the provision of medical services. Utilizing core PHP for backend functionalities and HTML, CSS, and Bootstrap 4 for frontend development, MediPlus aims to improve access to healthcare by offering various services such as appointment scheduling, medical records management, and online consultations. This paper details the development process, technical architecture, features, and potential impact of MediPlus on the healthcare industry. At MediPlus, we prioritize your well-being and strive to make healthcare more accessible, convenient, and patient-centricAt MediPlus, we leverage technology and medical expertise to deliver patient-centered care, empowering individuals to take control of their health and wellbeing. Join our platform today and experience the future of healthcare.” KEYWORDS– Medical Services Platform, Appointment Scheduling, Online Consultations, Healthcare Accessibility, Scalability in Healthcare IT.
Javascript And WordPress Are Used In A Structural Engineering Applications
Authors: WANDHRE ACHAL
Published: June 2024

Abstract : In the realm of structural engineering, efficient software tools are essential for designing, analyzing, and managing various types of structures. The integration of WordPress, HTML, CSS, and PHP offers a unique opportunity to develop a versatile structural engineering software platform. This software aims to provide structural engineers with an intuitive and customizable toolset to streamline their workflow and enhance productivity. Structural design software and structural analysis software can significantly increase the effectiveness and precision of engineering projects in several ways. These tools give engineers a powerful platform to model and visualise complex structures in a virtual environment, allowing them to detect potential flaws or weaknesses before building in reality and preventing costly errors. Also, thestructural design software makes it possible for engineers to optimise designs for maximum efficiency and safety by precisely analysing various load scenarios.
Alasan-Alasan Pengusiran pada Legenda Sangkuriang dalam Perspektif Sastra Bandingan
Authors: Mukodas Mukodas , Miranti Miranti , Nurjaman Aam
Published: June 2024

The legend of Sangkuriang is often associated with the creation of Mount Tangkuban Perahu in West Java. It has been retold in various versions, including children's folklore and deconstructed narratives. Regardless of the variation, the story always involves instances of expulsion. There are three expulsions: the expulsion of the god into a dog and the goddess into a pig; the expulsion of Dayang Sumbi into the wilderness; and the expulsion of Sangkuriang by Dayang Sumbi. This study aims to compare the similarities and differences in the reasons behind these expulsions. By understanding the reasons behind the characters' expulsions, readers are encouraged to avoid making the same mistakes in the real world. The research utilizes a qualitative descriptive method with a comparative literary analysis technique, comparing two works: the Indonesian retelling of Cerita Rakyat Sangkuriang by Harnaeni Hamdan and the deconstructed novel Sangkuriang Garing by Givi Givani in the Sundanese language. The result of this research is that the expulsion happened because of forbidden love, pregnancy outside marriage, and killing one's father.
Solving split equality equilibrium and fixed point problems in Banach spaces
Authors: MEWOMO OLUWATOSIN TEMITOPE , ALAKOYA TIMILEHIN OPEYEMI , TAIWO ADEOLU , GIBALI AVIV
Published: June 2024

In this paper, we introduce a new algorithm for approximating a common solution of Split Equality Generalised Mixed Equilibrium Problem (SEGMEP) and Split Equality Fixed Point Problem (SEFPP) for two infinite families of closed uniformly Li-Lipschitz continuous and Ki-Lipschitz continuous and uniformly quasi-ϕ-asymptotically nonexpansive mappings (i ∈ N and ϕ is the Lyapunov functional) in Banach spaces. Under standard and mild assumption of monotonicity and lower semicontinuity of the SEGMEP associated mappings, we establish the strong convergence of the scheme without imposing any compactness type conditions on either the operators or the spaces considered. We apply our result to approximate the solution of Split Equality Convex Minimization Problem (SECMP) and Split Equality Variational Inclusion Problem (SEVIP). A numerical example is presented to illustrate the performance and implementability of our method. Our results extend, generalize and complement several related works in the literature.
KAP STUDY OF CONTRACEPTION IN MARRIED WOMEN AND ROLE OF MALES IN DECISION MAKING
Authors: Romana Ayub  , Shafiullah  , Junaid Ahsan  , Ambreen Afridi  , Rubina Gul  , Mahnoor Inamullah  , Saffia Fazlemaula  , Maham Majid Abid Nawaz  , Fahad Raja
Published: June 2024

The economy, services, and society of Pakistan are all being crushed by the country’s explosive population increase. In 2012, there were 178.9 million people living in Pakistan, up from 45.9 million in 1960—a change of 290% in the previous 50 years. Given thatPakistan has 2.56 percent of the world’s population, it is reasonable to assume that one in every 39 persons onthe earth calls Pakistan home.1Beginning in the middle of the 1960s, Pakistan’s family planning programs haveattempted several programs and projects. However, the contraceptive prevalence rate (CPR) is now at 30%,showing an average yearly growth of 0.5% since the beginning of family planning programs in 1964.
A STUDY OF SIGMOID VOLVULUS PRESENTING TO A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL AT PESHAWAR
Authors: Usman Ali  , Ashab Noor  , Muhammad Alam
Published: June 2024

Objective: The study’s goal was to identify the different surgical treatments for sigmoid volvulus and its postoperativecomplications in individuals who had this condition.Methodology: 38 individuals with sigmoid volvulus who presented to the accident and emergency department wereincluded in the research. All of the sufferers were taken in and looked into. The erect abdomen on the x-ray providedthe basis for the diagnosis. Additionally, an x-ray, an ECG, urea, sugar, and S. electrolysis were performed. Anasogastric tube was inserted for gastric decompression after catheterizing each patient. Due to the lack of facilities forcolonoscopic sigmoidscopic decompression and the failure of rectal tube decompressions, all patients were rehydratedand made ready for surgery.Results: There were 26 (68.42%) men and 12 (31.58%) women among the sigmoid volvulus patients. The majorityof the 18 cases (47.4%) were between the ages of 61 and 70. Eight patients (21.05%) suffered sigmoid colon gangrene;15 patients (39.47%) had resection and colostomy; and 15 patients (39.47%) had resection and primary anastomosis.Five (13.15%) patients developed wound infections and one (2.6%) suffered wound dehiscence as surgical sequelae.Because to sepsis and cardiopulmonary problems, two (5.26%) individuals passed away.Conclusion: Urgent laparotomies should be performed as quickly as feasible on patients who report with an acuteabdomen. The gold standard treatment for stable people with sigmoid volvulus is colonoscopy. The preferred method issigmoidectomy and primary anastomosis since it not only prevents a second hospitalization and surgery but also theadverse effects and maintenance of a stoma, which is a significant contributor to morbidity.Keywords: Sigmoid volvulus, Surgical treatments, Complications
A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF X-RAY AND CT IN MEDICO LEGAL TRAUMA
Authors: Abdul Aziz Zia
Published: June 2024

Computed Tomography [CT] is very valuable in visualizing bone fractures and other lesions. It can be used to confirmmedico legal cases of controversial nature. The purpose of this study was to compare the findings of CT and X Rayto provide accurate diagnosis, resolve the issues between the concerned parties and help the court to decide in medicolegal cases. The diagnosis was more confirmed and extent of the fractures was quantified by 3-dimensional CT scan.
PATIENT SATISFACTION WITH MIRENA IN PATIENTS AGED 35 TO 45 WITH HEAVY MENSTRUAL BLEEDING REFERRED TO MARDAN MEDICAL COMPLEX FROM JAN 2014 TO DEC 2016
Authors: Hemasa Gul  , Nuzhat Amin  , Muhammad Hussain
Published: June 2024

Background: Less blood loss in menstrual cycles builds a woman’s perception of gravity and indicates an influenceon their judgment about treatment success. Many of the world’s women are fed up with undergoing surgery and lesssatisfied with the medical treatment of HMB. Mirena provides a non-surgical alternative, which is reversible andfertility-sparing. The study’s primary aim was to determine the satisfaction level of women using Mirena within thereproductive age of 35-45 years.Methods: A total of 50 patients with mirena induction were included in the study. Women less than 35 and above45 years of age, with a uterus larger than 12 weeks, those with pelvic inflammatory disease, and women with implantsother than Mirena were excluded from the study. The women were inspected for the principal complaints, duration ofcomplaints, and ultrasound findings. The satisfaction level was assessed for all patients using Mirena with symptomscontrolling, like blood reduction.Results: The study constituted a total of 50 females ranging from 35 to 45 years old. The majority of them wereaged 35-40 years. The use of the Mirena technique has subsequently not only reduced the heavy menstrual blood lossbut also controlled symptoms like Amenorrhea and spotting. The satisfaction level of the women using it is very high.These women highly recommended the option to other women.Conclusion: Mirena is an effective treatment option for HMB among women 35-45. It achieved high satisfactionof patients after insertion.Keywords: Mirena, Amenorrhea, spotting, satisfaction level, Quality of life
OSTEOPOROSIS AND OSTEOPENIA IN OLDER WOMEN FROM K.P.K. PAKISTAN
Authors: Wajid Akbar  , Usman Ali  , Humaira Imtiaz  , Fazal Rahim  , Jamil Anwar  , Shafi Ullah  , Anees Khan
Published: June 2024

OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of osteopenia and osteoporosis in Mardan, K.P.K., and Pakistani males.STUDY DESIGN: A prospective cross-sectional study.PLACE & DURATION OF STUDY: From May to October 2014, the research was carried out at the MardanMedical Complex hospital in Mardan.METHODS: For this research, 1726 male volunteers between the ages of 40 and 70 were chosen randomly. Individuals with chronic steroid usage, those over 70, those under 40, and those with bedridden rheumatoid arthritis were notincluded. Three age groups were established: forty–49, fifty–59, and sixty–70. Quantitative calcaneus ultrasonographywas used to diagnose osteoporosis. To do the statistical study, SPSS 20 was employed.RESULTS: 61 (3.5%) and 858 (49.7%) of the 1726 patients, whose mean age ranged from 40 to 70 years,had osteoporosis and osteopenic illness, respectively. Among males (n=874) in the 50–59 age group, osteoporosis 30(49.2%) and osteopenia 446 (52%) were very prevalent. Men (n = 528) in the 40–49 age range had 250 (16.4%)osteoporotic and 250 (29.1%) osteopenic cases; men (n = 324) in the 60–70 age range had a prevalence of osteoporosisof 21 (34.4%) and osteopenia of 162 (18.9%).CONCLUSIONS: In the Mardan area of K.P.K. Pakistan, osteoporosis was discovered to be a widespread occurrence that mostly affected men in the age bracket of 50-59.KEYWORDS: Osteoporosis, Prevalence, Bone mineral density
TO DETERMINE THE KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE, AND PRACTICE OF FAMILY PLANNING IN WOMEN OF REPRODUCTIVE AGE GROUP IN DISTRICT MARDAN
Authors: Shahana Nisar  , Shafi Ullah  , Hamza Abbas Khan
Published: June 2024

OBJECTIVES: To ascertain the women in the Mardan district’s awareness and prevalence of family planning. Toascertain the causes behind the district of Mardan’s non-use of family planning services.STUDY DESIGN: A Descriptive- Cross-sectional study.PLACE & DURATION OF STUDY: From July to December 2015, this study was conducted in the MardanMedical Complex, a teaching hospital.MATERIAL AND METHODS: an investigation was conducted at the Mardan Medical Complex in Mardan.After the proposal was approved, the study was conducted for a duration of six months. The sample size consisted of103 women who were randomly chosen and interviewed after giving their permission from the Mardan Medical Complex’s gynecological outpatient department. Bar charts were created by entering and analyzing the questionnaire datausing SPSS version 20. A thorough discussion was conducted, and conclusions were reached based on these findings.RESULTS: Since the majority of the women in my study lacked formal education, the age of each was inferredindirectly by inquiring whether they had been married before or after menarche. Merely 2% of women were marriedbefore menarche, whereas 98% married after menarche. Most served women (54%) had one to four children, followedby five to seven children. 13% of women had no children, whereas 22%, 11%, and 17% had more than sevenchildren. Most respondents (more than 72%) lack formal education, but 28% of women have some education. Only8% of women work, and 92% of women stay at home. Just 32% of the women were living individually, while themajority of respondents—68%—were part of mixed families. Most women (48%), after their family, the media,and neighbors, derived their information from health professionals such as doctors, nurses, lady health workers, andlady health visitors.88% of respondents said they understood and were aware of family planning. More than half ofthose surveyed said neither the husband’s nor the religious perspective presented any issues.CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study allow us to draw the following conclusions: while 88% of women,educated and not from rural and urban areas, know how to use family planning, there is still a significant knowledgeand attitude gap that needs to be addressed. Additionally, only 40% of women use contraceptives.KEYWORDS: Contraception, Family planning, Contraceptive methods.
A COMPARISON OF CEFTRIAXONE AND CIPROFLOXACIN’S EFFICACY IN THE TREATMENT OF GONORRHOEA
Authors: Mohammad Iftikhar Adil  , Tariq Zubair  , Surrya Israr  , Mohammad Bilal  , Shams Ur Rahman
Published: June 2024

Introduction: A bacterial illness that is extremely infectious and spreads via sexual contact between men and women,gonorrhea is a serious public health problem. It is among the most ancient sexually transmitted infections (STDs), andNeisseria is the cause. Rarely, gonorrhea may also result in pharyngeal, ocular, articular, and dermatological diseasesin addition to its predominant urogenital signs and symptoms. Various antibiotics, including spectinomycin, penicillins,tetracyclines, macrolides, fluoroquinolones, and sulpha medicines, have been used to treat gonorrhea. Some of thesemedicines have become less effective in treating gonorrhea due to an increase in resistant infections.Objective: This research compared the efficaciousness of Ceftriaxone and Ciprofloxacin in managing gonococcalinfections.Study Design: Observational Study.Place of Duration of Study: The research was carried out from January 2003 to March 2004 at the NewGulail Polyclinic in Saudi Arabia.Material and Methods: With the Institutional Ethical Committee’s consent, 200 patients received Ceftriaxoneand Ciprofloxacin to treat gonorrhea. Enrolling the patients included the use of a purposeful sampling approach. Everypatient was split into two groups of 100 individuals, each at random. Group B received a single intravenous dose of500 mg of Ceftriaxone injection, whereas Group A received a 500 mg tablet of Ciprofloxacin. After five days, allof the patients had follow-up exams, and the results of their lab and clinical examinations were noted and evaluated.Results: Patients in Group A (n=100) receiving Ciprofloxacin demonstrated 80% full response, 9% partial response,and 11% no response on the fifth day after treatment. In contrast, patients in Group B (n=100) receiving Ceftriaxonedemonstrated 90% full response, 4% partial response, and 6% no response.Conclusion: Ceftriaxone has shown superior efficacy in treating gonorrhea when compared to Ciprofloxacin. Aftertaking an antibiotic for the first time, it is advised that all patients have another examination to check that the gonorrhea has completely healed.Key Words: Neisseria gonorrhea, sexually transmitted infection (STI), Sexually Transmitted Disease
EFFECT OF FLUOR QUINOLONES ON QT INTERVAL
Authors: Iftikhar Adil  , Amjad Ali  , Niaz Ali
Published: June 2024

Objective: To assess how recently introduced quinolones affect the electrocardiogram’s Qtc intervalStudy Design: A Cross-sectional analytical studyDuration And Place Of Study: MMC Mardan from December 2015 to September 2016Materials and Methods: In MMC Mardan, cross-sectional analytical research was conducted between December2015 and September 2016. The research comprised 110 participants, regardless of age or gender, who were hospitalized in the medical department for whatever reason and weren’t already on fluoroquinolones. Informed consentwas obtained before quinolones were administered. Three duplicate baseline ECGs were collected before the injectionof quinolones, and three triplicate ECGs were taken 48 hours later. To prevent bias, each participant’s ECG wasscrambled and read by a single person.Result: A total of 110 patients underwent evaluation for the research. Thirteen females and nineteen males, makingup the 32 patients, had QTc interval prolongation up to 450 ms and 470 ms, respectively. There is a danger to TdPwhen QTc prolongation of more than 500 ms or a post-dose QTc alteration of more than 60 ms is present in 27patients, 13 of whom were female and 14 of whom were male.Conclusion: The ability to extend the Qtc interval is shared by all quinolones. Of the quinolones utilized in theresearch, moxifloxacin tended to extend the QTc interval.Key Words: Fluoroquinolones, QT interval calculated (QTc), Torsades de Pointes (TdP).
COGNITIVE LEVEL OF MCQS IN PHARMACOLOGY
Authors: Imtiazuddin  , Usman Mehbob  , Zarmina Ahmed  , Muhammad Siyar
Published: June 2024

Introduction: Medical universities have started MCQs as assessment tools in various disciplines for the last few years.However, maintaining the standards and quality of these MCQs is very much necessary. This study aims to evaluatethe quality of MCQs by determining the level of cognition of Pharmacology exams at Bacha Khan Medical College.Study Design: a Cross-sectional study the cognitive level of MCQ”Duration and place of study: department of Pharmacology Bacha Khan Medical College Mardan, from Jan2014 to Jan 2015Methods: This analytical study evaluated the quality of MCQs used in the final pharmacology exams at BachaKhan Medical College. The cognitive Levels of MCQs (C1, C2, C3) were evaluated.Results: A total of 100 MCQs were analyzed. The cognitive cost of the MCQs’ cognitive level was at recall level(C1) (70%). MCQs in C2 were 30%. There were no MCQs at the C3 level.Conclusion: Most of the items were at a low (C1) level of cognition. A structured faculty development program,along with the development of test blueprints, is recommended to improve the quality of MCQs. A fully dedicated,honest, full-time staff in sufficient numbers with enough time, space, planning, and material resources is needed tocarry out this purpose.Key Words: Assessment, MCQs Quality, Evaluation, Cognitive level.
UTILIZATION OF PERFORMANCE-ENHANCING SUPPLEMENTS BY GYM USERS IN ABBOTTABAD CITY
Authors: Zahid Irfan Marwat  , Fatima Sherin  , Muhammad Israr  , Hamza Sattar Khan  , Aftab Ahmad
Published: June 2024

Objective: To determine the frequency of supplement use among those who work out often in Abbottabad, Pakistan,and to talk about the variables that affect this consumption.Study design : a cross sectional studyDuration and place of study : Department of Biochemistry, Nowshera Medical College from jan 2016 to jan 2017Methods: This cross-sectional research included 100 registered people who worked out in 8 different gyms across thecity. All participants were at least 15 years old, and both men and women were recruited. In writing, participantswere asked to answer questions on their supplement usage. Four months were spent gathering the data. Chi-squaretests and descriptive statistics were performed.Results: Of the subjects, 51% reported using nutritional supplements. Men made up the largest intake (51.6%).Whey proteins (34.5%), protein shake bars (13.8%), creatine (20.7%), multivitamin/mineral supplements (6.9%),and mixed supplements (13.8%) were the five items that were almost always eaten. The majority (93%) said theyused dietary supplements mostly on the advice of their gym trainers and self-prescription, without seeking any specificexpert advice. Individuals younger than 30 years, mainly men (P < 0.05), took supplements rich in proteins (P <0.05). In contrast, older participants (>30 years) reported taking mixed supplements and natural/Phytotherapeuticagents (P < 0.05).Conclusion: Our results show that supplement intake in people exercising in gyms is high and is usually self-prescribed. We emphasize that dietary and performance-enhancing supplements must always be used under the supervisionof a specialist (physician or nutritionist).Keywords: Performance-enhancing nutritional supplements, Exercise, Serotonin, Natural/ Phytotherapeutic agents,FDA
RISK FACTORS AND PATTERN OF MANDIBULAR CONDYLAR FRACTURES IN PATIENTS PRESENTING AT AYUB TEACHING HOSPITAL ABBOTTABAD
Authors: Naveed Khan  , Fouzia Tabassum  , Muhammad israr
Published: June 2024

Objective: To detect condylar fracture risk factors and patterns in Ayub Teaching Hospital Abbottabad patients.Study design : cross-sectional descriptive studyDuration and place of study : department of the Ayub Teaching Hospital in Abbottabad between March 26and September 26, 2014Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive research was conducted at the dentistry department ofthe Ayub Teaching Hospital in Abbottabad between March 26 and September 26, 2014. It was conducted in theOral and Maxillofacial Surgical Unit. Ninety patients in all who fulfilled the requirements for inclusion were counted.Following a comprehensive history, clinical examination, and radiographic examinations, a diagnosis was made foreach patient. SPSS 16.0 was used to analyze the data.Results: This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted at the dentistry department of the Ayub TeachingHospital in Abbottabad between March 26 and September 26, 2014. It was conducted in the Oral and Maxillofacial Surgical Unit. Ninety patients in all who fulfilled the requirements for inclusion were counted. Following acomprehensive history, clinical examination, and radiographic examinations, a diagnosis was made for each patient.SPSS 16.0 was used to analyze the data.Conclusion: The majority of the fractures were undisplaced and subcondylar. The most prevalent risk factor isRTA. In the second decade of life, condylar fractures were more common in men than women.Keywords: Mandibular condylar fractures, road traffic accident, mandibular fractures, temporal temporomandibularjoint.
ASSESSMENT OF BMI IN BETA THALASSEMIA MAJOR PATIENTS
Authors: Salva Shah  , Mohtasim Billah  , Adeel Basharat  , Muhammad Manzoor  , Bina Khan  , Hiba Khan
Published: June 2024

Background: Recurrent blood transfusions cause growth retardation in children with β-thalassemia major. Thecurrent research aimed to evaluate the nutritional health of individuals with beta-thalassemia major.Objectives: The number one goals of this studies are to evaluate the dietary health of people with beta-thalassemiapredominant, specializing in BMI and peak, and to identify elements contributing to growth retardation in this populace.Duration and place of study : Department of Medicine, Jinnah Khan Medical College, Peshawar jan to dec 2015Materials and Methods: One hundred thalassemia major patients, aged five to twenty, underwent anthropometry, andtheir BMI was computed. Patients were classified as underweight, normal weight, and overweight based on percentilesfound in CDC charts. Patients were classified as short stature if their height fell below the age-specific 5th percentile.SPSS was used to analyze the data.Results: Of the patients, 1% were overweight, 45% were normal weight, and 54% were underweight. 81% of thepatients had little height.Conclusion: Beta thalassemia major is quite common in causing growth retardation. To identify any drop in growthvelocity and BMI derangement, height and weight should be consistently examined at regular intervals. If growthretardation is seen, the reason should be looked into. Iron excess, hypoxia, and chronic anemia are common causes ofgrowth retardation.Keywords: β-thalassemia major, Basal Mass IndexBMI(), short stature
PREVALENCE OF CANNABIS USE IN PROFESSIONAL DRIVERS OF MARDAN
Authors: Shahana Nisar  , Shafi Ullah  , Muhammad Khalid  , Iftikhar ud din  , Hamza Abbas
Published: June 2024

Objectives: Finding out how common cannabis usage is among Mardan’s professional drivers was my study’s maingoal. Thirdly, the impact of cannabis on these drivers’ ability to work was ascertained; second, the influence of ageon cannabis users was noted.Study design : Cross-sectional StudyDuration and place of study: The research was carried out between March and May of 2017Materials & Methods: Cross-sectional research was carried out. The research was conducted at Mardan. It featuredone hundred professional drivers working in Mardan, KPK, Pakistan’s public transport system. The research wascarried out between March and May of 2017. The subjects were asked for their written agreement before the researcherscompleted the surveys. SPSS version 20 was used to input and evaluate the questionnaire data before showing it astabular, bar, and pie chart data. A thorough debate was conducted, and conclusions were reached based on this data.Results: In my survey, 89% of these drivers reported using cannabis, while the remaining 11% reported using otherdrugs (alcohol, cocaine, answer, etc.). The majority of drivers who take drugs began taking them when they were young.85% of the participants reported using cannabis for the first time between the ages of 15 and 20, 7% between theages of 20 and 25, and 2% between the ages of 25 and above, according to the data. Among those aged 15 to 20,the incidence of cannabis usage was 44%.In the 20–25 age range, the prevalence was 31%.In the 25+ age group, theprevalence was 25%. In my survey, the percentage of married people who used cannabis was 29%, compared to 71%of single people. Seventy percent of users think the substance has a detrimental impact on their ability to concentrateand remember things. In contrast, twenty-five percent think it has no effect at all or is beneficial.Conclusion: Among drivers, cannabis usage was quite common. The impact of focus and work on drivers and cannabisusage, as well as the relationship between drug use and drivers’ age and marital status, were all significantly correlated.Keywords: cannabis, Psychological stress, narcotic drug users.
OUTCOME OF MIDLINE LAPAROTOMY WOUND CLOSURE WITH INTERRUPTED X-SUTURE TECHNIQUE VERSUS CONTINUOUS SUTURE TECHNIQUE IN MARDAN MEDICAL COMPLEX
Authors: Muhammad Hussain  , Mukhtar Ali  , Hemasa Gul  , Muhammad Ibrahim Shuja  , Ajmal Khan  , Abdullah
Published: June 2024

Background: One of the procedures that the general surgery and gynecology departments do most often in emergencycases is laparotomy. Wound closure is one of the key factors influencing how well this procedure works. While somesurgeons choose interrupted closure techniques, others favor continuous closure of the linea alba.Objective: to evaluate the results of laparotomy wound closure in midline laparotomy patients using the interruptedX-suture method versus the continuous suture technique.Study design: Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT)Duration and place of study : Medical Complex’s Department of General Surgery and Gynaecological participated in this randomized controlled trial. This study covered January 2018–December 2019Materials & Methods: Adult emergency midline laparotomy patients at Mardan Medical Complex’s Departmentof General Surgery and Gynaecological participated in this randomized controlled trial. This study covered January2018–December 2019. Two hundred patients were studied. They were randomly divided into two groups. Thesepatients had their abdominal incisions sealed with continuous sutures. People in Group II had interrupted X-suturesto close their abdominal wounds. Patients were evaluated daily for difficulties in the first week and after two weeks.Results: Group I’s mean age was 43.8±8.7 years, whereas Group II’s was 42.6±10.9 years (p-value = 0.39).In group I, there were 77% of male patients, while in group II, there were 74% (p-value 0.74). The most prevalentetiology was peritonitis caused by a gut perforation, accounting for 63% of cases in group I and 68% in group II(p-value = 0.55). 9.5% of patients in group I and 3.5% of patients in group II were diagnosed with laparotomywound dehiscence (p-value 0.006). Regarding other issues, no statistically significant difference was seen.Conclusion: After an emergency midline laparotomy, the interrupted suture method (X-suture) is superior to thecontinuous suture technique for closing the abdominal wall. The interrupted X-suture procedure has considerablyreduced the incidence of wound dehiscence.Keywords: Acute abdomen, peritonitis, gut perforation, emergency midline laparotomy, and laparotomy wounddehiscence.
PREVALENCE OF CHRONIC OTITIS MEDIA IN SCHOOL CHILDREN OF SHEIKH MALTOON TOWN MARDAN
Authors: Imad  , Anbrin Afridi  , Tariq Mehmood
Published: June 2024

Background: Chronic otitis media is among the most frequently brought issues to the otolaryngology outpatientdepartment. It’s a sickness that can be prevented and may cause permanent hearing loss. Children who attend schoolwill have better learning possibilities and fewer difficulties if they get an early diagnosis and prompt treatment. Ourstudy aimed to ascertain the incidence of chronic otitis media in Mardan’s Sheikh Maltoon town’s school-age youngsters.Objectives: Identifying potential risk factors, evaluating the impact on children’s health and education, estimating theincidence of the condition, and directing public health initiatives for management and prevention in the neighborhood areall goals of the study on the prevalence of chronic otitis media in school-age children in Sheikh Maltoon Town, Mardan.Study design: An observational cross-sectional studyDuration and place of study: from April 1 to April 30, 2018, many schools in Sheikh Maltoon TownMethods: This research, conducted at many schools in Sheikh Maltoon Town, Mardan, was cross-sectional andrandomized. The study ran from April 1 to April 30, 2018. A questionnaire was used to gather data, which wasthen examined in the ears and subjected to several audiometric tests.Results: 184 kids between the ages of 7 and 17 signed up for the research. There were 83 female children and 101male ones.36 of the 184 children reported hearing loss, and 19 said any ear drainage. Twelve instances included oneear, seven involved both, 17 had a bad stench, and two involved no stink.Conclusion: Early diagnosis and proper management may help to reduce the disease burden and prevent disablinghearing loss in children.Keywords: Chronic otitis media, children, hearing loss.
AN EXPERIENCE COMPARING INGUINAL HERNIA MESH REPAIR VS DARN REPAIR
Authors: Muhammad Kashif  , Jehangir Khan  , Niaz Ud Din  , Muhammad Fawad  , Ishtiaq Ali Khan
Published: June 2024

Background: Several methods for fixing inguinal hernias have been documented. Anterior or posterior approaches,open or laparoscopic procedures, may be used for hernia repair. While the technique of darn repair first presented byMoloney is still a useful treatment for inguinal hernias, polypropylene mesh repair has gained popularity lately becauseof the remarkable outcomes shown by Lichtenstein. In elderly guys, inguinal hernias account for 50% of cases. Oldertreatments like darn repair have become less common with modern techniques like laparoscopy and mesh for correctinginguinal hernias. But in underdeveloped nations like Pakistan, where affordability is a top priority, the darn repair isstill well-liked and often used for inguinal hernia repairs. This research aimed to compare the early results of darnedrepair with Lichtenstein repair.Objectives: Comparing inguinal hernia mesh repair vs. Darn repair evaluates postoperative discomfort, healing,hernia recurrence, and patient satisfaction. This informs patients and doctors about the pros and cons of each inguinalhernia surgery.Study design: A descriptive cross-sectional studyDuration and place of study: this study was conducted in the Surgical unit of Bacha Khan Medical Complex,Swabi, from April 2017 to April 2018.Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional research included 121 male patients, ages 18 to 60, who had been reportedfor elective or emergency Mesh/Lichtenstein or indirect or direct inguinal hernias with open surgical repair betweenApril 2017 and April 2018. Comparing the duration of hospital stay, surgery site infection, and hernia recurrenceusing various procedures was the main goal.Results: For the patients who had Lichtenstein repair, their stay in the hospital was longer, with (5.3%) superficialsite infection and no deep wound infection, and Darn repair (3.5%) Superficial surgical site infections and 1.7% deepinfection were noted. Complications of recurrence in Lichtenstein repair were zero at 1-year follow-up compared toDarn repair, which had a recurrence of 1.7%.Conclusion: Compared to Darn Repair regarding the recurrence of inguinal Hernia, the results of Lichtensteinrepair are more promising.Keywords: Darn repair, Mesh Repair, Inguinal hernia
ALLOSTERIC MODULATION OF AURKA KINASE ACTIVITY BY ARKIN-A VIA DYNAMIC CORRELATION NETWORK ANALYSIS
Authors: Muhammad Shahab  , Mehran Ullah  , Haider Ali Khan  , Mehreen Ghufran  , Mohtasim Billah  , Muhammad Siddiq
Published: June 2024

Protein phosphorylation and post-translational modification by protein kinases are crucial cell signaling and regulatorysystems. AurkA, a serine/threonine kinase, controls mitotic cell division and has sequence homology with other kinases.Clinical trials are underway to target AurkA Kinase’s overexpression in human cancer using ATP-competitive drugs.AurkinA, a small allosteric inhibitor, binds to TPX2’s Y-pocket, which holds Y8 and Y10. AurkinA drug-likeinhibitors delocalize the kinase from cell spindle formation, disrupting the Aurka–Tpx2 complex. The allostericmechanism for these compounds is unclear at the molecular level. To understand the allosteric mechanism, all-atommolecular dynamics simulations were employed to create fluctuation association networks. The fluctuation correlationnetworks of AurkA-Tpx2 and AurkinA vary significantly. AurkA-AurkinA transfers information from theallosteric to the catalytic sites more readily than AurkA-Tpx2. These methods will help develop route-targeted drugsand create protein allosteric circuits.Study Design: Molecular dynamics simulations, an investigative strategy, and AurkA kinase allostery.Duration And Place Of Study: Department of Health, Medical Teaching Institution Mardan Medical ComplexMardan, form jan 2018 to jan 2019Keywords: AurkA kinase, TPX2, AurkinA, MD simulation
PREGNANT WOMEN WITH UNCONTROLLED DIABETES: COMMON FOETAL ANOMALIES
Authors: Javeria  , Aiman Farwa  , Mubashra Ali
Published: June 2024

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic illness characterised by elevated blood glucose levels. It is aserious global health concern that is becoming increasingly widespread. When diabetes strikes at a crucial pregnancyperiod, the effects are more severe.Objective: Examining typical foetal anomalies in 66 pregnant women with uncontrolled diabetes will draw attentionto the negative consequences of improperly managed blood glucose levels throughout pregnancy.Methodology: The medical records of expectant patients with uncontrolled diabetes who sought prenatal care atthe Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology between March 1,2020 to March 1, 2022, were reviewed retrospectively in this research. 66 pregnant women with uncontrolled diabetes participated in the trial. Included were womenwith poorly managed gestational diabetes and pre-existing diabetes at the start of their pregnancies. Women who hadwell-controlled diabetes and insufficient health information were not included.Results: The research included a cohort of 66 pregnant women diagnosed with diabetes, with an average age of 29.5years. The predominant age group among the participants was 30-40 years old, accounting for 34.1% of the total,and their average number of children born was 1.8. Among the women, 60.6% had pre-existing diabetes, whereas39.4% were diagnosed with gestational diabetes during pregnancy. Most of the abnormalities were classified as mild(31.1%) or moderate (25.8%), with a lesser proportion categorized as severe (15.2%).Conclusion: According to this study, pregnant diabetic women had a higher likelihood of foetal deformities, mostlycardiac abnormalities. Most anomalies were mild or moderate in kind.Keywords: fetal anomalies, Uncontrolled diabetes, neural tube defects, cardiac abnormalities, glycemic control, prenatal care.
THE PREVALENCE OF ANAEMIA IN CANCER PATIENTS WHO HAVE NOT RECEIVED THERAPY
Authors: Shah Hussain  , Yawar Abbas  , Naheed Akhtar  , Fakeeda Durrani  , Muhammad Hussain
Published: June 2024

Objective: to assess the incidence of anaemia in cancer patients who have not received therapy.Methodology: We conducted a single-centre cross-sectional descriptive study at the Medical Oncology Unit of Hayatabad Medical Complex, Peshawar, Pakistan for six months. In total 100 treatment-naive cancer patients wereassessed for diagnosis, tumour type, and the presence, severity, and grading of anaemia (defined as plasma haemoglobinlevels of <12 gm/dl for women and <14 gm/dl for men).Results: Among the 100 treatment-naive cancer patients included in the study, there were 51 (51%) males and 49(49%) females. The average age of the participants was 36.21 years ± 17.93, ranging from 2 to 82 years. Haematological malignancies were diagnosed in 52 patients, with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia being the most prevalentsubtype, observed in 27 patients (26.9%). Additionally, 48 patients presented with solid tumours, with colorectalcancer representing 9.3% of cases. Of the analysed patients, 76.2% were found to have anaemia. Among these,the majority (77.5%) exhibited mild to moderate anaemia (Hemoglobin: 8-12 g/dl). Significant associations wereobserved between female gender (p=0.003) and haematological cancers (p<0.001) with anaemia severity. However,age groups did not demonstrate significant associations with anaemia severity. Further analysis revealed a strong correlation between gender and anaemia severity (p<0.001), with men showing a higher prevalence of grade 1 anaemiacompared to women. Haematological malignancies exhibited a higher frequency of anaemia compared to solid tumours(p<0.001). Notably, haemoglobin levels were significantly lower in patients with haematological malignancies comparedto those with solid tumours (p<0.001).Conclusion: Collectively, we report that anaemia is a frequent finding in treatment-naive cancer patients. Femalegender and haematological malignancies are significant risk factors for anaemia.Key Words: Anaemia, Cancer, Solid Tumours, Haematological Malignancies
TYPHOID-RELATED POSITIVE PATTERN OF ANTIBIOTIC SENSITIVITY IN BLOOD CULTURES A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY
Authors: Atta Muhammad Khan  , Ziaullah Khan  , Anila Basit  , Mazhar Ali Khan  , Amjad Ali
Published: June 2024

Objective: The study aims to determine the pattern of antibiotic sensitivity in typhoid patients with positive bloodcultures.Study Design: A cross-sectional study.Place and Duration of the Study: Department of Medicine, MTI, LRH Peshawar, Pakistan from Jan 052019 to Dec 05 2019.Methods: One hundred male and female patients attended. Patients ranged from 10 to 55. Each patient’s age, gender, and BMI were collected after informed written permission. Each patient had a fever. Each patient was tested forsalmonella in their blood. The Kirby Bauer Disc Diffusion technique was used by NCCLS to measure and interpretantibiotic susceptibility. Research data was evaluated using SPSS 22.0.Results: The 100 patients were 42 (42.6%) female and 58 (58.4%) male. Most of the 40 patients (40.2%) were15–25. Paratyphi 30 (30.6%) was less common than typhi 65 (65.4%). Our investigation found that azithromycin,cotrimoxazole, gentamicin, chloramphenicol, and azithromycin were more sensitive than ciprofloxacin and ofloxacin(10.2% vs. 7.1%). Both medicines have significant resistance. Salmonella typhi was resistant to 94 (94.4%) nalidixicacids.Conclusion: We found a wide range of antimicrobial sensitivity patterns, including significant cotrimoxazole andchloramphenicol sensitivity. For 18 years, quinolones have been routinely utilized yet have low sensitivity.Keywords: Typhoid, Antibiotic sensitivity, Blood cultures, Salmonella, Quinolones