bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Characterization of orthogonality conditions in certain classes of normed spaces
Authors:   Department of Pure and Applied Mathematics, Jaramogi Oginga Odinga University of Science and Technology, Box 210-40601, Bondo-Kenya, Otae W.L. , Okelo N.B. ,   Department of Pure and Applied Mathematics, Jaramogi Oginga Odinga University of Science and Technology, Box 210-40601, Bondo-Kenya, Ongati O. ,   Department of Pure and Applied Mathematics, Jaramogi Oginga Odinga University of Science and Technology, Box 210-40601, Bondo-Kenya
Published: January 2022

In this paper, we give characterizations of orthogonality conditions in certain classes of normed spaces. We first consider Range-Kernel orthogonality in norm-attainable classes then we characterize orthogonality conditions for Jordan elementary operators.
Some fixed point theorems for \(F\)-expansive mapping in generalized metric spaces
Authors:   LASMA Laboratory Department of Mathematics Faculty of Sciences, Dhar El Mahraz University Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah, Fes, Morocco, Rossafi Mohamed , Kari Abdelkarim ,   Laboratory of Algebra, Analysis and Applications Faculty of Sciences Ben M’Sik, Hassan II University, Casablanca, Morocco
Published: January 2022

In this paper, we present the notion of generalized \(F\)-expansive mapping incomplete rectangular metric spaces and study various fixed point theorems for such mappings. The findings of this paper, generalize and improve many existing results in the literature.
On separability criteria for continuous Bitopological spaces
Authors:   Department of Pure and Applied Mathematics, Jaramogi Oginga Odinga University of Science and Technology, Box 210-40601, Bondo-Kenya, Ogola O. , Okelo N. B. ,   Department of Pure and Applied Mathematics, Jaramogi Oginga Odinga University of Science and Technology, Box 210-40601, Bondo-Kenya, Ongati O. ,   Department of Pure and Applied Mathematics, Jaramogi Oginga Odinga University of Science and Technology, Box 210-40601, Bondo-Kenya
Published: January 2022

In this paper, we give characterizations of separation criteria for bitopological spaces via \(ij\)-continuity. We show that if a bitopological space is a separation axiom space, then that separation axiom space exhibits both topological and heredity properties. For instance, let \((X, \tau_{1}, \tau_{2})\) be a \(T_{0}\) space then, the property of \(T_{0}\) is topological and hereditary. Similarly, when \((X, \tau_{1}, \tau_{2})\) is a \(T_{1}\) space then the property of \(T_{1}\) is topological and hereditary. Next, we show that separation axiom \(T_{0}\) implies separation axiom \(T_{1}\) which also implies separation axiom \(T_{2}\) and the converse is true.
Existence result for a semipositone fractional boundary value problem
Authors:   Department of Mathematics, Ege University, Bornova, Izmir 35100 Turkey, Ege Serife Müge , Topal Fatma Serap ,   Department of Mathematics, Ege University, Bornova, Izmir 35100 Turkey
Published: January 2022

This work deals with a boundary value problem for a nonlinear semipositone multi-point fractional differential equation. By using the Schauder fixed point theorem, we show the existence of one solution for this problem. Our result extend some recent works in the literature.
Simpson’s type inequalities for exponentially convex functions with applications
Authors:   Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Escuela de Ciencias Físicas y Matemática, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Quito 170143, Ecuador, Rangel-Oliveros Yenny , Nwaeze Eze R. ,   Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Alabama State University, Montgomery, AL 36101, USA
Published: January 2022

The Simpson's inequality cannot be applied to a function that is twice differentiable but not four times differentiable or have a bounded fourth derivative in the interval under consideration. Loads of articles are bound for twice differentiable convex functions but nothing, to the best of our knowledge, is known yet for twice differentiable exponentially convex and quasi-convex functions. In this paper, we aim to do justice to this query. For this, we prove several Simpson's type inequalities for exponentially convex and exponentially quasi-convex functions. Our findings refine, generalize and complement existing results in the literature. We regain previously known results by taking \(\alpha=0\). In addition, we also show the importance of our results by applying them to some special means of positive real numbers and to Simpson's quadrature rule. The obtained results can be extended for different kinds of convex functions.
Convergence analysis for a new faster four steps iterative algorithm with an application
Authors:   Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Akwa Ibom state University, Ikot Akpaden, Mkpatenin, Nigeria, Udofia Unwana Effiong , Ofem Austine Efut ,   Department of Mathematics, University of Uyo, Uyo, Nigeria, Igbokwe Donatus Ikechi ,   Department of Mathematics, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike, Nigeria
Published: January 2022

In this paper, we introduce a four step iterative algorithm which converges faster than some leading iterative algorithms in the literature. We show that our new iterative scheme is \(T\)-stable and data dependent. As an application, we use the new iterative algorithm to find the unique solution of a nonlinear integral equation. Our results are generalizations and improvements of several well known results in the existing literature.
Sandwich type results for meromorphic functions with respect to symmetrical points
Authors:   Department of Mathematics, Sri Guru Granth Sahib World University Fatehgarh Sahib-140407(Punjab), India, Shergill Kuldeep Kaur , Billing Sukhwinder Singh ,   Department of Mathematics, Sri Guru Granth Sahib World University Fatehgarh Sahib-140407(Punjab), India
Published: January 2022

In the present paper, we use the technique of differential subordination and superordination involving meromorphic functions with respect to symmetric points and also derive some sandwich results. As a consequence of main result, we obtain results for meromorphic starlike functions with respect to symmetrical points.
La gamificación educativa como estrategia para la enseñanza de lenguas extranjeras
Authors: Briceño Núñez Chess Emmanuel
Published: January 2022

Esta investigación presenta un estudio no experimental con un diseño transversal, sobre la gamificación educativa como estrategia para la enseñanza de lenguas extranjeras en entonos virtuales de aprendizaje. La muestra estuvo compuesta por 100 docentes ecuatorianos activos quienes enseñan lenguas extranjeras a nivel de Bachillerato General Unificado. Para recolectar la información se empleó una versión del test delAl-Issa (2009),contentivo de 17 ítems presentados en una escala Likert. Los datos fueron procesados con el programa estadístico IBM SPSS. Los resultados demuestran como la gamificación influye de manera positiva en el aprendizaje de lenguas extranjeras, ya que ha incrementado el nivel de participación de los estudiantes en la resolución de actividades formativas y evaluativas asociadas a los contenidos enseñados.
Incidencia de los estilos educativos parentales en la repitencia escolar en adolescentes
Authors: Rodríguez Salamanca Katherine , Zea Barrera Carmen Elisa
Published: January 2022

La repitencia escolar constituye un factor de riesgo para la población adolescente, debido a la connotación negativa que implica la no promoción del estudiante al siguiente grado escolar, afectando su salud mental y sus relaciones interpersonales. De esta manera, resulta importante conocer el rol de la familia como principal contexto socializador de los adolescentes ante el desempeño escolar, comprendiendo la incidencia de los estilos educativos parentales en la repitencia escolar según las experiencias de los adolescentes de 12 a 17 años que participan en una iglesia cristiana de Villavicencio. El presente estudio, es cualitativo de tipo fenomenológico, con una muestra de 10 adolescentes que han presentado repitencia escolar en uno o más grados en los últimos dos años, con quienes se realiza un grupo de enfoque que permite generar una interacción sobre sus experiencias educativas y familiares. Se obtuvo como resultado, una mayor incidencia de los estilos educativos parentales permisivo y negligente en la repitencia escolar; correspondiente a las características teóricamente establecidas de los padres y de los hijos bajo estos dos tipos de estilos educativos parentales, de manera que las estrategias y preferencias de comportamiento de los padres en la crianza, inciden en los resultados académicos de los adolescentes
A Comprehensive review on Niosome: a prominent carrier in advance drug delivery
Authors: Arun Kumar  , Kapil Kumar  , Aparna Joshi  , Ikram  , Deepak Teotia
Published: January 2022

Niosomes are vesicular nacarriers that can be used for both amphiphilic and lipophilic drugs. Niosomes are budding vehicles in advanced drug delivery systems. Niosomes are nionic surfactants vesicles that can be formed with or without the addition of cholesterol. Niosomes can be the best choice for nacarriers because of their specific characters like biodegradability, biocompatibility, and immugenic nature. Niosomes can easily trap the hydrophilic and lipophilic drugs and extend the period of the drug in the systemic circulation. Niosomes are the nacarrier that can enhance penetration of drugs into the specific target tissues hence resulting in reduced toxicity. The main aim of this review article is to provide a detailed description of Niosomes.
Music, dance and painting to treat eating disorders; The Chinese TIBET-Model
Authors: Wolfgang Mastnak
Published: January 2022

Eating disorders are considered an increasing public health problem, also in China. They comprise a broad spectrum of medical conditions such as anorexia nervosa, avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder, bulimia and binge eating, which often go hand in hand with considerable mental and physiological issues such as obesity and metabolic syndrome. Scientific research and clinical experience suggest distinct therapeutic interventions; many of them are related to cognitive behavioural therapy and psychoeducation. The present article introduces artistic approaches comprising music, dance and painting, the so called TIBET-Model, which is based on five principles, namely trance, identity, beauty, exploration and transition, hence the term. This model can be applied as add-on therapy, complementary therapy or main therapeutic intervention, depending on the patient’s attitude toward creative and aesthetic processes, as well as therapeutic responses.
Efektivitas promosi kesehatan pencegahan Covid-19 dengan CTPS
Authors: Rakhmawati Windy , Hermayanti Yanti , Amita Dzikra Fitria , Abas Latifa Hidayani , Ummah Arief Khoerul , Mufida Mufida , Risminda Nestia , Nabilah Nurul Azmi , Amalia Pandu Rifqi , Obara Septa , Wirahandayani Marthalisa
Published: January 2022

COVID-19, the infectious disease caused by SARS-CoV-2, has emerged as a global health crisis and pandemic. Children are very susceptible to disease transmission because their immune system is not yet perfect. To achieve the spread and transmission of this virus, interventions are needed across the population. The promotion of hand washing in children is needed to increase children's knowledge about preventing covid-19 by washing hands with soap. The purpose of this study is to give Indonesian children additional education about handwashing with soap and to make them be able to demonstrate good and correct hand washing. The health education is conducted by giving lecture to the children and showing them videos in the end of the sessions. After that, an evaluation of the health education is carried out by giving the children pre-test and post-test designs. The result of the study showed that 96% children (49 of 51) who attended the health education experienced an increase in their post-test results. This indicated that the content of the health education can be easily understood by most of the children. A good learning process requires several supporting factors such as careful preparation, interactive way of delivering instruction, and good team coordination. In order to monitor the application of the knowledge obtained in the health education, it is necessary to carry out continuous educative activities so that hopefully there will be an increase in the health quality of Indonesian children.

Keywords : Covid-19, Education, Hand Washing Steps
Pemanfaatan toga dalam bentuk serbuk instan guna peningkatan imunitas pada masa pandemi di Poncol RT 03 RW 05 Pekalongan Timur
Authors: Rusmalina Siska , Ardianingsih Arum , Khasanah Kharismatul , Hadi Nafis Danial , Meilisa Selvia
Published: January 2022

Pemberdayaan Kesejahteraan Keluarga (PKK) RT.03 RW. 05 Dukuh Poncol Kelurahan Poncol Kecamatan Pekalongan Timur Kota Pekalongan merupakan mitra PkM yang diusulkan. Anggota mitra PkM ini terdiri dari ibu-ibu rumah tangga yang tidak produktif secara ekonomi. Namun berhasrat kuat menjadi kelompok ekonomi produktif dengan memanfaatkan pekarangan yang mereka miliki guna peningkatan kesehatan dan ekonomi keluarga. Pengusul dengan mitra PkM telah melakukan observasi melalui FGD, dan terumuskan permasalahan mitra. Progam Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat ini dilaksanakan di bulan Juni  – September 2021, bertempat di RT.03 RW.05 Dukuh Poncol Pekalongan Timur. Sasaran kegiatan adalah Ibu-Ibu PKK RT.03 RW. 05 Dukuh Poncol Pekalongan Timur. Progam PkM ini secara garis besar Pengurusan Ijin Pelaksanaan Kegiatan PkM, Sosialisasi Kegiatan Kepada Mitra dan Pembentukan Koordinator, Penyuluhan Manfaat TOGA,Pemahaman apakah TOGA itu, Jenis-jenis tanaman TOGA, Penyuluhan manfaat TOGA untuk Kesehatan, Penyuluhan dan Pelatihan Pemanfaatan Hasil TOGA, dan Monitoring dan Evaluasi (monev) disetiap progam yang dilaksanakan. Kegiatan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat ini sangat memberikan manfaat terutama bagi warga RT.03 RW. 05 Poncol Pekalongan Timur yakni meningkatnya  pengetahuan warga terhadap Toga, cara memanfaatkan TOGA guna mengatasi masalah kesehatan, dan pengolahan TOGA menjadi produk bernilai ekonomi. Hal ini dapat dilihat dari nilai postes sasaran yang menunjukkan adanya peningkatan pengetahuan atau pemahaman sasaran mengenai TOGA.
GCG Dan CSR Dalam Mempengaruhi Earning Management (Bukti Pada Perusahaan Sektor Food And Beverage Yang Terdaftar Di BEI Tahun 2014-2019)
Authors: Azizah Febriani Nur , Fatihudin Didin , Oktaviani Marista
Published: January 2022

This research was conducted to determine the effect of the GCG and CSR variables on Earnings Management. This research method used a quantitative approach and secondary data collection techniques using annual reports (annual reports) available on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (BEI) in 2014-2019. The population numbered 14 companies and a sample of 7 companies with purposive sampling technique. Data processing techniques used PLS-SEM.. The GCG variable was proxied by Institutional Ownership, Managerial Ownership, and the Board of Commissioners. The results show that the results of the GCG and CSR have positive effect on Earning Management. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh dari GCG dan CSR terhadap variabel Earning Management. Metodenya menggunakan kuantitatif dan data sekunder yang didapatkan dari laporang tahunan yang tersedia di BEI tahun 2014-2019. Populasinya 14 perusahaan dan sampel yang diambil sebanyak 7 perusahaan. Proses analisis data mengunakan PLS-SEM. Variabel GCG diproksikan dengan kepemilikian institusional dan dewan komisasir. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa GCG dan CSR bepengaruh positif terhadap Earning ManagementKata kunci: GCG, CSR ,Earning Management
Peranan Lingkungan Kerja Islami Dalam Peningkatan Prestasi Kerja Karyawan PT. Azka Mulia International
Authors: Junianto M Haris , Maroah Siti , Mochklas Mochamad
Published: January 2022

Value-free business practices cause injustice to many levels of middle and lower class society. Spirituality in the workplace is an option to eradicate value-free business practices. Employees with spiritual values are expected to have good work performance to win a healthy business competition. This study used a descriptive qualitative method. The research was conducted by determining key informants, interviews, observations, and documentation—processing and data analysis using a triangulation model. The results showed that PT. Azka Mulia International has made efforts to create an Islamic work environment even though there are still shortcomings. Factors that affect employee performance are workload, cooperation, and compensation. The role of the Islamic work environment in increasing employee performance is increasing commitment and motivation. Praktik bisnis yang bebas nilai menyebabkan ketidakadilan bagi lapisan masyarakat kelas menengah dan bawah. Spiritualitas di tempat kerja adalah pilihan untuk menghapus praktik bisnis yang bebas nilai. Karyawan yang memiliki nilai-nilai spiritual diharapkan memiliki prestasi kerja yang baik dan memenangkan persaingan secara sehat. Penelitian menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menentukan informan kunci, wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi- pengolahan data menggunakan model triangulasi. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa PT Azka Mulia International telah menciptakan upaya lingkungan kerja yang islami meskipun masih terdapat kekurangan. Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kinerja pegawai adalah beban kerja, kerjasama dan kompensasi. Peran lingkungan kerja yang Islam dapat meningkatkan komitmen dan motivasi kerja karyawan.Kata kunci: Islamic work environment, employee performance
Kualitas Layanan Jasa, Harga dan Lokasi dalam Mempengaruhi Loyalitas Pelanggan di Bintang Arut Motor Lamongan
Authors: Rahman Muhammad Taufiqur , Mauliddah Nurullaili
Published: January 2022

The purpose of this study was to determine and analyze the quality of service, price and location affect customer loyalty in the Bintang Arut Motor Lamongan business. Tests on the accuracy of respondents' reactions were carried out by distributing questionnaires at Bintang Arut Motor Lamongan and were consumers and customers with a total of 97 respondents. The test method uses Multiple Linear Regression Analysis with SPSS for Windows Version 24 Program. The conclusions obtained are that: (1) Service Quality has a significant positive effect on Customer Loyalty (Y) at Bintang Arut Motor Lamongan; (2) Price has a significant positive effect on Customer Loyalty (Y) at Bintang Arut Motor Lamongan; (3) Location has a positive and insignificant effect on Customer Loyalty (Y) at Bintang Arut Motor Lamongan; (4) Service Quality, Price and Location have a simultaneous effect on Customer Loyalty (Y) at Bintang Arut Motor Lamongan. This shows that Customer Loyalty (Y) at Bintang Arut Motor Lamongan can be explained by 62% by the independent variable, namely Quality Services (X1), Price (X2) and Location (X3). Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis kualitas layanan jasa, harga dan lokasi berpengaruh terhadap loyalitas pelanggan di usaha Bintang Arut Motor Lamongan. Pengujian terhadap ketepatan reaksi responden dilakukan dengan membagikan kuesioner di Bintang Arut Motor Lamongan dan merupakan konsumen dan pelanggan dengan jumlah 97 responden.Metode pengujian menggunakan Analisis Regresi Linier Berganda dengan Program SPSS for Windows Versi 24. Kesimpulan yang diperoleh bahwasannya: (1) Kualitas Layanan Jasa berpengaruh positif signifikan terhadap Loyalitas Pelanggan (Y) di Bintang Arut Motor Lamongan; (2) Harga berpengaruh positif signifikan terhadap Loyalitas Pelanggan (Y) di Bintang Arut Motor Lamongan; (3) Lokasi berpengaruh positif dan tidak signifikan terhadap Loyalitas Pelanggan (Y) di Bintang Arut Motor Lamongan; (4) Kualitas Layanan Jasa, Harga dan Lokasi berpengaruh secara simultan terhadap Loyalitas Pelanggan (Y) di Bintang Arut Motor Lamongan.. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa Loyalitas Pelanggan (Y) di Bintang Arut Motor Lamongan dapat dijelaskan sebesar 62% oleh variabel independen yaitu Kualitas Layanan Jasa (X1), Harga (X2) Dan Lokasi (X3).Keywords: Service Quality; Price; Location and Loyalty
Bradycardia, renal failure, shock, and hyperkalemia (BRASH) caused by AV nodal blocker: a case report of a patient with BRASH syndrome resistant to calcium administration
Authors: Laksono Sidhi , Prawara Ananta Siddhi
Published: January 2022

Chronic kidney disease patients commonly present in a clinical setting with hypertension may cause or affect the disease. Carvedilol, a beta-blocker that is routinely used to treat hypertension in chronic kidney disease, was proven to be safer compared to other beta-blockers. However, it may still cause AV nodal block. AV nodal block can cause bradyarrhythmia, resulting in low cardiac output and low blood supply to multiple organs, including the kidney. This condition further impaired the kidney function in regulating potassium levels and cause hyperkalemia. Hyperkalemia, in return, can also cause bradycardia, and the vicious cycle goes on and on. Previous studies reported that calcium gluconate administration might significantly improve the patient’s condition. However, in this case, calcium gluconate failed to give significant improvement even though it reduced the potassium level. We report a 53 years old male patient on carvedilol with bradyarrhythmia, chronic kidney disease, shock, and hyperkalemia (BRASH syndrome) that failed to resolve with calcium gluconate administration.
Absentia Nominum Sacrorum in Libro Iob: The Examination of אֱלוֹהַּ in Job without Counterpart in the LXX
Authors: Beeckman Bryan
Published: January 2022

Interest in the theology of the different Septuagint (LXX) books is vastly growing. In order to examine whether the LXX books reflect a different theology than the Masoretic Text (MT), I have recently analysed the additional attestations of ὁ θεός and ὁ κύριος in LXX Job and Proverbs without counterpart in MT (see Revue Biblique 128/4 [2021]; Louvain Studies 43/4 [2021] and Vetus Testamentum [forthcoming]). These studies, which focus on explicit differences between the Hebrew and the Greek text, have proven to be successful in describing (1) the (more nuanced) theology and (2) translation technique of both books.

This article examines the Hebrew divine אֱלוֹהַּ in Job without a counterpart in the LXX in order to contribute to a deeper understanding of the theology and translation technique of LXX Job.
Computational algorithm for enumerating graphs of a given order
Authors: Magomedov Abdulkarim , Lavrenchenko Sergey
Published: January 2022

For a given set $M$ of bigraphs of a given order, an algorithm is developed for constructing a set of representatives of the isomorphism classes of $M$.
The algorithm is designed as a function defined in terms of nested loops; each set of values of the cycle counters ("indexer") defines an isomorphism class whose representative is assigned to the indexer.
Representation of the solution of the Cauchy problem for a difference equation by a Fourier series in Meixner - Sobolev polynomials
Authors: Gadzhimirzaev Ramis , Sultanakhmedov Murad
Published: January 2022

We obtain a representation of the solution to the Cauchy problem for the $r$-th order difference equation with constant coefficients and given initial conditions at the point $x=0$. This representation is based on the expansion of the solution in the Fourier series by polynomials that are orthogonal in the sense of Sobolev on the grid $\{0, 1, \ldots\}$ and generated by the classical Meixner polynomials. In addition, an algorithm for numerical finding of the unknown coefficients in this expansion has been developed.
Developing a Super-Vision of Education: Oh, No. I’ve Said Too Much, But Maybe I Haven’t Said Enough
Authors: Glickman Carl
Published: January 2022

In this personal and candid essay by Carl Glickman, he examines the confluence of early experiences with his evolving concepts and theories of education, supervision, democracy, and school renewal that resulted in his studies, activities, university and school networks and partnerships, and widely read books. He covers the first 33 years of his life including being a child of immigrants and freedom from adults; academics, social life, and speech disability; identity, new worlds, and marriage; the teacher corps and forced integration of schools; the years as a principal of schools; and the origins of developmental supervision; and the significance of the Council of Professors of Instructional Supervision (COPIS). He frames the essay between the borders of saying not enough or saying too much. And between those lines, the reader may be surprised by how much unknown becomes known and what might be instructive for the next generations of educators, scholars, and activists who believe in the public purpose of education.
Balkans between the Byzantine, Ottoman, and Russian Empires in the historical memory and current foreign policy practices of several countries in the region
Authors:   Institute of World History, Russian Academy of Sciences, Ulunyan Artyom A.
Published: January 2022

The imperial legacy of the Byzantine, Ottoman, and Russian Empires in the national historical memory in Balkan societies and its actualization in the context of formulation, or reformulation both in socio-political and academic discourses, and as an “action guideline” to the ruling circles of the Balkan countries in the foreign policy sphere, is one of the factors of domestic political life and international Realpolitik in the early 21st century. Simplified unambiguity and “linearity” in the perception of this heritage sets the stage for reference to it in the form of an argument that can explain the historical fate of the Balkan nations at the time of making of a “united Europe”, where its so-called “old”, i. e. Western, part was traditionally viewed as classical Europe throughout the 19th and entire 20th centuries, whilst the Balkans were considered as the outskirts and an area of constant turbulence threatening Europe proper.
Archimandrite Leonid (Kavelin) and St. Panteleimon Monastery: on the history of the relations between Russia and Mount Athos in the second half of the 19th century
Authors:   Sst. Cyril and Methodius Institute of Post-Graduate Studies, Kudlasevich Ioann
Published: January 2022

This chapter examines the relations between Russia and Mount Athos in the second half of the 19th century. The author examines certain aspects of the Church and diplomatic activities of Archimandrite Leonid (Kavelin) during his service in the Embassy church in Constantinople (1865–1869). Drawing on previously unused materials published by researchers of Saint Panteleimon Monastery on Mount Athos and archive material from the personal fund of Archimandrite Leonid (Kavelin) (Department of Manuscripts of the RSL, Coll. 148) that have also not yet entered scientific circulation, the author traces the interaction between the chief priest of the Embassy church with N. P. Ignat’ev, who was the head of the Russian diplomatic mission in the East, on the protection of the interests of Russian monasticism on Mount Athos.
Turkey’s policy in the Balkans and Turkish approaches to interaction with Russia and Greece
Authors:   Primakov National Research Institute of World Economy and International Relations, Russian Academy of Sciences (IMEMO), Svistunova Irina A.
Published: January 2022

The Balkans region is one of the priorities of Turkish foreign policy. Under the Justice and Development Party (AKP), Turkish policy towards the Balkans has gained new impetus in a wide range of directions. The Balkans strategy of Ankara is based on three complementary concepts: European integration and affiliation with the West, development of relations with regional states on the basis of pragmatic interests, and the cultural and historical presence of Turkey in the Balkans. Ankara’s approaches to its historical neighbour-adversaries Russia and Greece are based on a complicated combination of pragmatic political and economic concerns as well as cultural and historical patterns. Despite all the divergences on a number of issues, Russian-Turkish relations are going through the period of an unprecedented rapprochement. There are a lot of difficult problems in Greco-Turkish relations, but the two countries nevertheless try to find opportunities for dialogue. This all underlines the importance and the use of studying and analysing Turkish approaches to the Balkan policies of Russia and Greece.
Greece and Turkey: cooperation or rivalry in the migration sphere?
Authors:   Institute of Europe, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vlasova Ksenia V.
Published: January 2022

In recent years, one of the most significant problems facing the European Union has been the problem of illegal migration, the origins of which can be found in the events of 2011 in the Middle East. The peak of the EU migration crisis was in 2015. However, by the beginning of 2020, experts were talking about stabilizing the migration situation in the European Union and overcoming the migration crisis, although many issues related to obtaining refugee or asylum-seeker status, placement in special camps, etc., are still to be settled. Meanwhile, in February and March 2020, events escalated in Syrian Idlib, where Turkey was one of the most active participants. Wishing to put pressure on the European Union, Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan decided to open the state borders to Syrian refugees for their unhindered entry first into Greece and then into the EU. The European Union has real concerns about a repeat of the migration crisis, which could be much more serious than the first. Significantly complicating the current situation is the fact that new illegal immigrants may include both former terrorist operatives and individuals infected with coronavirus, which will exacerbate the uneasy criminal and epidemiological situations in Europe. Greece once again found itself having to deal with numerous illegal immigrants and, unable to handle the situation alone, requested EU assistance. Brussels provided additional material and financial support to the Greeks. The national Hellenic government has also taken certain independent measures to resolve the situation. This chapter analyses recent Greek-Turkish relations in the migration sphere and pays special attention to the current situation on the border with Turkey in 2020.
The Turkish factor in Greek-Russian relations in the 2010s
Authors:   Institute of Slavic Studies, Russian Academy of Sciences, Aleksandrova Anna K.
Published: January 2022

The second decade of the 21st century was a difficult time for both Russia, Greece, and Turkey. Greece was plagued by a deep financial and economic crisis, Russia faced a series of external political challenges, including sanctions imposed by the US and EU, and Turkey’s relations with the West also grew tense. This chapter examines the economic dimension of Greek-Russian relations in the 2010s, focusing specifically on the influence of the “Turkish factor”, which, in many aspects — from international military cooperation to tourism — is impossible to ignore. The influence of Turkey can hardly be described unequivocally as either positive or negative: Russo-Turkish and Greek-Turkish issues have indirectly fostered Greek-Russian cooperation in some areas, while hindering its development in others.
Role of a Probiotic Strain in the Modulation of Gut Microbiota and Cytokines in Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Authors: Bamola V Deepak , Dubey Divya , Samanta Projoyita , Kedia Saurabh , Ahuja Vineet , Madempudi Ratna Sudha , Neelamraju Jayanthi , Chaudhry Rama
Published: January 2022

Human gut is one of the major niches for anaerobes which play diverse functional role in host physiology and development. Gut microbiota maintains a homeostasis and dysbiosis may contribute in pathogenesis of different diseases including inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Probiotic intervention is an established approach to maintain microbial homeostasis for the prevention and treatment of different diseases. The efficacy of probiotic strain Bacillus clausii UBBC-07 has been demonstrated and established in various diseases but its efficacy in IBD is under reported. To assess the effect of Bacillus clausii UBBC-07 in IBD patients, a randomized controlled study was conducted. Patients were randomly allocated to either placebo or probiotic B clausii UBBC-07 for four weeks along with the standard medical treatment (SMT). Enrolled patients were evaluated before and after intervention for GI survival of the given probiotic, change in GI microbiota, change in serum cytokines, serotonin and dopamine, symptoms of disease, physical, behavioral and psychological parameters. B clausii UBBC-07 showed good survival in IBD patients in the treatment group (p <0.01) without any reported adverse event. Metagenomic analysis showed that the given probiotic strain was able to modulate the gut microbiota in treated group. Phylum Firmicutes was increased and phylum Bacteriodetes was decreased in the probiotic treated group. A significant increase was observed in the abundance of bacterial genera Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium and Faecalibacterium in the probiotic treated group (p<0.01) as compared to placebo group. These results indicated the given probiotic strain was able to modulate that gut microbiota in probiotic treated group. Significant increase was observed in IL-10 (p <0.05) and variable decrease in the secretion of IL-1β, TNF- α, IL-6, IL -17 and IL -23 in probiotic treated group. Change in the concentration of serum dopamine and serotonin in the treatment group was not significant as compared to placebo group. In the treatment group a significant decrease in the symptoms of IBD and improvement in the psychological parameter to various degrees was noted. These results indicated that probiotic strain B clausii UBBC-07 affected the gut microbiota and cytokine secretion and shown efficacy in IBD patients.
Deterrence or Defiance? How Severity and Selectivity Shape Protest Responses to Repression
Authors: Castro Francisca
Published: January 2022

State repression's effect on protest behavior is theorized to depend on two key dimensions: its severity (level of harm imposed) and selectivity (whether targeted or indiscriminate). While scholars have developed sophisticated theoretical frameworks around these dimensions, most empirical evidence comes from authoritarian contexts. Moreover, we lack systematic evidence about how specific combinations of severity and selectivity influence protest dynamics. Using data from Chile's 2019 protest cycle, I examine how different tactical combinations shape subsequent mobilization. Through models accounting for spatial dynamics and temporal effects, I find patterns that challenge theoretical expectations. Contrary to predictions, selective high-severity tactics generated short-term mobilization rather than deterrence, while low-severity tactics produced significant protest increases regardless of their selectivity. Survey evidence reveals that these effects operated partly through public attitudes. These findings demonstrate the need to revise theoretical frameworks around severity and selectivity, particularly in democratic contexts.
ARENA KAJIAN ANTROPOLOGI HUKUM
Authors: Dewi Chyntia Pebriana
Published: January 2022

Antropologi hukum adalah salah satu ilmu yang saat ini masih dalam tahap pertumbuhan. Ini mempelajari kekhasan bentuk hukum aktivitas manusia dalam periode sejarah yang berbeda dan dalam keadaan yang sama sekali berbeda. Sederhananya, antropologi adalah ilmu yang mempelajari segala macam seluk beluk, unsur-unsur, kebudayaan yang dihasilkan dalam kehidupan manusia. Ekonomi masyarakat, agama dan keyakinan, politik pemerintahan, fisik manusia, kesehatan, perkembangan teknologi dan sebagainya adalah ruang studi bagi Ilmu Antropologi.
Outpatient Therapists’ Perspectives on Working with Persons Who Are Sexually Interested in Minors
Authors: Schmidt Alexander F. , Niehaus Susanna
Published: January 2022

Minor-attracted persons (MAPs; i.e., people who are sexually interested in children and adolescents below the age threshold of legal consent for sexual activity) exhibit high psychological distress but report difficulties finding therapeutic help and are reluctant to start treatment due to fears of therapist stigmatization. This research sought to elucidate the link between outpatient therapists’ stigmatizing attitudes towards non-offending vs. offending MAPs and therapists’ willingness to treat MAPs as well as how stigmatization was related to treatment-relevant aspects such as perceived MAP treatment needs, treatment barriers, and specific MAP treatment skills. Results from a brief, anonymous online survey conducted among N = 427 Swiss outpatient therapists working in the primary healthcare system are reported. Although therapists were less stigmatizing than the general public, considerable individual differences in the stigmatization of non-offending MAPs emerged. Stigmatizing attitudes towards non-offending MAPs and a perceived lack of specific treatment competences were negatively related to therapists’ willingness to treat MAPs. A network analysis revealed direct links between subjectively perceived MAP treatment competence and treatment willingness and between treatment willingness and social distance attitudes. Other stigmatizing attitudes were only indirectly linked to treatment willingness through preferred social distance. It is a paradox that therapists believe that MAPs should greatly benefit from secondary prevention but many are unwilling to provide therapy (45% in case of non-offending MAPs vs. 63% in case of offending MAPs) or do not feel competent to provide MAPs with professional help (47% with and 88% of therapists without previous MAP treatment experience). Implications for increasing therapists’ treatment willingness are discussed.
There is no theory-free measure of "swaps" in visual working memory experiments
Authors: Williams Jamal Rodgers , Robinson Maria Martinovna , Brady Timothy F.
Published: January 2022

Visual working memory is highly limited, and its capacity is tied to many indices of cognitive function. For this reason, there is much interest in understanding its architecture and the sources of its limited capacity. As part of this research effort, researchers often attempt to decompose visual working memory errors into different kinds of errors, with different origins. One of the most common kinds of memory error is referred to as a ‘swap,’ where people report a value that closely resembles an item that was not probed (e.g., an incorrect item). This is typically assumed to reflect confusions, like location binding errors, which result in the wrong item being reported. Capturing swap rates reliably and validly is of great importance because it permits researchers to accurately decompose different sources of memory errors and elucidate the processes that give rise to them. Here, we ask whether different visual working memory models yield robust and consistent estimates of swap rates. This is a major gap in the literature because in both empirical and modeling work researchers measure swaps without motivating their choice of swap model. Therefore, we use extensive parameter recovery simulations with three mainstream swap models to demonstrate how the choice of measurement model can result in very large differences in estimated swap rates. We find that these choices can have major implications for how swap rates are estimated to change across conditions. In particular, each of the three models we consider can lead to differential quantitative and qualitative interpretations of the data. Our work serves as a cautionary note to researchers as well as a guide for model-based measurement of visual working memory processes.
Neural entrainment to auditory rhythms: automatic or top-down driven?
Authors: Bouwer Fleur
Published: January 2022

Review of and commentary on: Pesnot Lerousseau J, Trébuchon A, Morillon B, Schön D (2021) Frequency selectivity of persistent cortical oscillatory responses to auditory rhythmic stimulation. J Neurosci 41:7991–8006.
m-Path: An easy-to-use and highly tailorable platform for ecological momentary assessment and intervention in behavioral research and clinical practice
Authors: Mestdagh Merijn , Verdonck Stijn , Piot Maarten , Niemeijer Koen , tuerlinckx francis , Kuppens Peter , Dejonckheere Egon
Published: January 2022

In this paper, we present m-Path (www.m-Path.io), an online platform that provides a user-friendly and flexible framework for implementing smartphone-based ecological momentary assessment (EMA) and intervention (EMI) in both research and clinical practice in the context of blended care. Because real-time monitoring and intervention in people’s everyday lives have unparalleled benefits compared to traditional data collection techniques (e.g., experiments or retrospective surveys), EMA and EMI have become popular in recent years. On the one hand, the surge in use of these methods requires software that allows for increasingly complex designs and functionalities. On the other hand, EMA and EMI platforms should remain easy to use and accessible for researchers and clinicians with limited programming skills. m-Path accommodates to both of these needs, offering an intuitive web interface to set up highly tailorable smartphone-based EMA and EMI protocols. In this article, we review the strengths of daily life data collection and intervention in general and m-Path in particular. We discuss the regular workflow to design an EMA or EMI protocol within the m-Path framework, and summarize both the basic functionalities and more advanced features of our software.
Economic Impact of Government Expenditure on Economic Growth of Nepal
Authors: Kharel Khom Raj , Adhikari Dipak Bahadur
Published: January 2022

This paper examines the relations of government expenditure and economic growth of Nepal over the period of 1990-2019.The government expenditure of Nepal has been significantly increasing during the study period. The pattern of government spending of Nepal seems to be focused on regular expenditure and widening the budget deficit of Nepal each and every years. The track of capacity of government expenditure utilization has mostly found less efficiency which has historical tendency of Nepalese government. As per size of economy expanding, the gap of fiscal deficit has been expanding in Nepal. The objective of this study is to analyze the impact of government expenditure on economic growth of Nepal by using simple and multiple linear regression models. Descriptive and analytical research design has been used by using secondary data. The finding of the study shows that there is significant/insignificant impact of government spending on economic growth of Nepal during the study periods and addresses to be focused on increase the mobilization of capital expenditure for the expansion of development activities with rational manner of the country.
Economics and Mathematical Relationship: A Case Study in University Economics Course of Nepal
Authors: Upadhyaya Yadav Mani
Published: January 2022

In our teaching program and methods, the mathematical approach has a major influence on economics. In this paper, I examined the aforementioned economics and mathematical relationships, taking into account their historical development as well as the experience gained over several years in the Masters in Economics Sciences' economics course. Changes in the initial practices in the classroom entering university have prompted a rethinking of a number of fundamental questions, including: What parameters should be used to determine the most suitable curriculum and teaching approach in a changing environment? What mathematical singularities does economics teaching present? This last question introduces us to the topic we'll be discussing. How much math should be taught in economics classes? Is it important for students to have a strong mathematical foundation before they study economics? For some teachers, economic issues are merely an addendum to the practical portion of the topic, while for others; economic models are the subject's main focus. As a consequence, mathematics in general is now assisting in the analysis of economics. In conclusion, as students study economics, it becomes more difficult for them to study other mathematics topics. Since not all students excel at math, economics is a more difficult subject to study. However, studying algebra, calculus, and logarithms, among other subjects, makes economics more important.
Isolation of toluene-degrading bacteria and investigation of the ability to decompose aromatic hydrocarbon mixture in laboratory wastewater
Authors:   College of Natural Sciences, Can Tho University, Nguyen Thi Phi Oanh , Le Hoang Khang ,   College of Natural Sciences, Can Tho University
Published: January 2022

Toluene is an aromatic hydrocarbon commonly used as a solvent in industry and as one of the main components of gasoline. Due to its solubility in water, the compound may accumulate in surface water or reachgroundwater causing harmful effects on human health. Twenty bacterial strains grown on a minimal medium supplemented with toluene as the sole carbon source were isolated from the sediment samples of a laboratory wastewater treatment system. Among these, strains TL5 and TL27 performed toluene degradation capability. After 24 hours of incubation in a minimal medium supplemented with toluene (0.025% v/v) as the only carbon source, chromatographic data recorded that TL5 and TL27 degraded 96.71 and 100% toluene, respectively. In a minimal medium with a mixture of aromatic hydrocarbons added, after 4 days of incubation, toluene and benzaldehyde were completely degraded while phenol, xylene, acetophenone, and pyridine were degraded 88.27, 40.9, 34.67, and 23.26%, respectively. Based on 16S-rRNA sequence analysis, the potential aromatic hydrocarbon degrader was genetically identified as Enterobacter sp. TL27.
MAKNA KALIMAT PERINTAH DALAM AL-QUR’AN SURAT YUSUF
Authors: Haikal Muhammad Ichsan , Jannah Nur Raudhatul
Published: January 2022

s meaning and purpose in Surah Yusuf. This study uses a qualitative descriptive method that describes the existing data. The data is obtained from the verses of Surah Yusuf which contains a command sentence (amr). The results of this study indicate that in Surah Yusuf there are commands or amr sentences as many as 32 data contained in the verse, namely in verses 9 (2), 10, 12, 21, 23, 29 (2), 31, 36, 42, 43 , 46, 50 (2), 54, 55, 59, 62, 63, 67, 78, 81 (2), 82, 87, 88, 93, 97, 99, 101 and 108. Of the 32 data, there are 31 data the form belongs to the form of fi'il amr and 1 data belongs to the form of isim fi'il amr which is contained in verse 23. Meanwhile, of the 32 command sentences there are 19 which mean an essential command, besides that there are some deviations in the meaning of the command sentence (amr). In Surah Yusuf, the meaning of irshad is found in verses 29, 50 and 67, the meaning of takhyir is found in verse 9 and the meaning of prayer or request is found in verses 12, 55, 63, 78, 88, 97 and 101.