bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Texts, music, images created by the artificial intelligence: towards finding a model of legal protection
Authors: KAPITSA Y.
Published: August 2021

Approaches to the protection of rights to objects, created by artificial intelligence by copyright, related rights, sui generis right and rights on information are considered.
The concept and content of the category “Human Information Security”
Authors: ZOLOTAR O.
Published: August 2021

Doctrinal approaches to the definition of the scientific category of “Human Information Security”, as well as understanding of its content, are analyzed.
Current state of criminal protection of the critical infrastructure facilities
Authors: KUCHERINA S. , OLEYNIKOV D.
Published: August 2021

The scientific analysis of the current state of criminal law, which establishes criminal liability for encroachment on critical infrastructure or their information infrastructure, and evaluates their effectiveness in terms of systemic criminal law protection. It is revealed that currently the level of criminal protection of critical infrastructure is insufficient and unsystematic. This is due to: the lack of legislation that establishes criminal liability for socially dangerous acts, an individualized approach to critical infrastructure in general and its facilities in particular; not taking into account in criminal law the modern development of organizational and legal principles of critical infrastructure, etc. The authors propose concrete steps that will contribute to the protection of domestic critical infrastructure by criminal law.
European experience of strengthening cyber security capacities in modern conditions
Authors: KUZNIETSOV O.
Published: August 2021

The novelties of the European legislation in the sphere of cybersecurity are reviewed. Prospects for digitalization in the EU are summarized. The provisions of the EU Cyber Security Strategy for 2021 – 2027 and the Digital Compass Roadmap are considered. Basic principles and priorities of a common European digital policy are defined. The strategy targets and avenues for a successful digital transformation of Europe by 2030 are detailed. The organizational and legal mechanism for introducing the cyber sanctions regime in the EU has been revealed. The directions of the cooperation between Ukraine and EU in the sphere of cybersecurity are identified.
Corruption risks in defense procurement
Authors: HRES O.
Published: August 2021

The article is devoted to the analysis of current regulations in the field of defense procurement. The importance of the problem of corruption for the people of Ukraine is highlighted. The threat to national security caused by high levels of corruption is mentioned. A number of studies on the spread of corruption in the defense sector are processed, in particular by such public organizations as the Independent Anti-Corruption Committee on Defense, Transparency International UK, Transparency International Ukraine and others. Attention is drawn to the presence of a large number of corruption risks in the defense sector. The Law of Ukraine “On Defense Procurement”, adopted by the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine on July 17, 2020, was analyzed. Attention is paid to the fact that the Law of Ukraine “On Defense Procurement” provides for the purchase of goods, works and services for defense purposes, which is a state secret, through closed procurement, and it also regulates the absence of competitive procedures for procurement by import by making purchases directly through electronic trading platforms. Some aspects of the Law of Ukraine “On Public Procurement” used in defense procurement are considered. Based on the results of the analysis, it was concluded that the Law of Ukraine “On Defense Procurement” helps to overcome most of the corruption risks identified in the study of the Independent Anti-Corruption Committee on Defense, however, it also needs significant improvement, as some provisions contain gaps that lead to new corruption risks, if they are not corrected.
Personality information culture: essence and content
Authors: UKHANOVA N.
Published: August 2021

The article deals with the study of the essence and features of the information culture of an individual and clarification of its role in the field of legal regulation of public relations in the state. The methodology of research of the phenomenon of personal information culture is based on provisions of the general scientific dialectical method of scientific knowledge. Besides, formal legal and formal logical methods were applied for full and thorough coverage of the topic of this article. It is substantiated that the development of such a culture in the modern period is mainly influenced by internal factors (including observance of the principle of legality, the rule of law, and protection of human rights), and external threats to human and civil security within the state. It is proved that information culture in the narrow sense can be interpreted as the best ways to exchange data, information and present them to interested

©  Уханова Н.С., 2021

consumers to solve theoretical and practical problems, as well as mechanisms to improve the learning system, prepare people for effective use of information. The main elements of information culture include the following: a) communicative (communication culture); b) lexical (culture of preparing and issuing business documentation, language culture); c) intellectual (culture of research and mental activity); d) information and legal; worldview and moral. All these elements of the personal information culture are interconnected and interdependent. It is concluded that the topic of personal data protection, which has reached a new level, has become especially relevant at the present stage of development of the information society. It is argued that a promising mechanism for personal data protection in the information sphere will be the use of Blockchain technologies, which will ensure reliable synchronization and security of data, prevent them from changing as a result of external interference. It is proposed to interpret the information culture of an individual as a reflection of a set of material and intellectual values of man, which allow to effectively apply various methods of working with information, including being a participant in information relations. A promising study in the field of information culture of an individual will be the development of the structure of this category and its relationship with other legal categories of information law. A particularly important issue that will require legal regulation will be the field and technology of using artificial intelligence as a phenomenon that will not only help to make a quantum leap in medicine, science, education, but also carries great security risks.
The legislative support and features of personal data localization: best practices of foreign experience
Authors: KRASNIKOV S.
Published: August 2021

The global trends in the localization of personal data are considered. Peculiarities of localization of personal data in some foreign countries (EU, USA, Indonesia, Malaysia, India, Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan and Russian Federation) are investigated. Some aspects of the storage, processing and transfer of personal data within the jurisdiction of states are summarized. The legislative support of penalty sledges for violation of regulatory requirements for localization of personal data, their confidentiality and privacy is detailed. The positive aspects and achievements of using the world “InCountry” service are identified. The peculiarities of outsourcing of personal data transfer are regulated. The directions of improvement of the domestic legislation in the field of personal data localization are outlined.
The import substitution of software as an important component of strengthening state cybersecurity
Authors: SHEVCHENKO V.
Published: August 2021

The threats of Chinese Huawei's activity in the American and European digital markets have been studied. Prospects for the global implementation of new generation 5G technologies are detailed. The legislation of some countries on the introduction of import substitution programs for software and technological products, especially for the needs of the public sector, is analyzed. Global trends in strengthening cyber security in the direction of eliminating technological dependence on foreign manufacturers of information and communication technologies have been identified. The principles of domestic state policy in the field of software import substitution and technological development are generalized. The directions of improvement of the domestic IT-market and its contribution to cyber security are outlined.
Legal awareness as the basis of the mechanism of ensuring gender equality in Ukraine
Authors: PIKOVSKA T.
Published: August 2021

The article examines legal awareness as a basis for the mechanism of ensuring gender equality in Ukraine. It is established that in Ukraine there is a problem of low legal awareness of citizens in general, and the problem of gender inequality in particular.
Political Participation of Women in Panchayats: A comparative study of Raiganj and Islampur Blocks of Uttar Dinajpur District, West Bengal, India- Issues and Trends
Authors:   Associate Professor, Department of Political Science, Cooch Behar PanchananBarma University, Cooch Behar, West Bengal - 736101, Sharma Dr. Gopal , Ariya Pujan Singh ,   Research Scholar, Department of Political Science, RaiganjUniversity,  Uttar Dinajpur, West Bengal - 733134
Published: August 2021

In recent years women empowerment has become a significant issue among academicians, social workers, and policy decision-makers in India. After the successful establishment of the Panchayat system as well as reservations for women in the local bodies, there has been a tremendous change in the number of women representatives in PRIs. But women empowerment is not an easy process rather, that needs a change in the mindset of the patriarchal society, social institutions, and far more determined effort on the part of the women representatives. Sometimes it becomes difficult to serve political duties for the women representatives in this present situation where there is a lack of proper knowledge, lack of education, lots of dependencies, family influence, and so on. In this light, the present study is an attempt to examine the socio-economic conditions and experiences of the elected women representatives of Gram Panchayats of Raiganj and Islampur Blocks and their participation in different sectors of grassroots politics. The whole study is based on empirical data which have been collected through field survey.
ANALYSIS OF EDUCATIONAL DEVELOPMENT INDEX (EDI): A BLOCK LEVEL ANALOGY IN UTTAR DINAJPUR DISTRICT, WEST BENGAL
Authors:   Research Scholar, Dept. of Geography and Applied Geography, University of North Bengal, Darjeeling, PIN: 734013, INDIA, Sarkar Goutam
Published: August 2021

Education is a man-making process that nurtures an individual’s fullest development. In this sense, education is referred to as developing the intellect, essential thinking abilities, social and intellectual understanding, and acceptance of one’s self (Basics in Education, NCERT, 2014). The role of education should not cease at imparting learning and skills. It should further aim to empower a future citizen to perform expected roles and challenges with higher-order quality and perfection. Every country develops its system of education to express and promote its unique socio-cultural identity and also meet the challenges of times. According to UNESCO (1996), quality education must be supported by the four pillars of learning: learning to know, learning to do, learning to be, and learning to live together. They are still unable to avail their right to education as a fundamental right due to lack of awareness, economic provision, guidance, government support, etc. The male literacy rate is 65.52 per cent and the female literacy rate is 52.17 per cent in the district (Census of India, 2011). In this present paper, an attempt has been made to identify the education scenario and explain its basic index of the district by Principal Component Analysis Index (PCAI).
Program Pesbukers dalam Menjaga Eksistensi Di ANTV
Authors: Evan Evan
Published: August 2021

Program hiburan tentunya perlu menjaga eksistensi dengan menyusun perencanaan yang meliputi dalam hal konsep cerita, interaksi antar pemain, dan tentunya tidak lepas dari unsur bullying yang menjadi suatu yang menarik dan  lucu bisa dibagikan dalam sebuah candaan. Metode penelitian merupakan penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif, studi kasus yang membahas mengenai program yang dapat menjaga eksistensi sehingga memiliki keberlangsungan yang bertahan lama supaya program tersebut tetap terjaga eksistensi, kemudian pengemupulan data pada penelitian yaitu melalui wawanacara terhadap tim kreatif, produser dan penulis cerita dan observasi tentang kegiatan sehari-hari serta data dari dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian bahwa menjaga eksistensi sebuah program itu perlu memperhatikan konsep cerita maka dari itu tim kreatif harus menyiapkan konsep cerita yang terkait dengan isu-isu terkini  dan produser memiliki komitmen untuk membuat ide cerita yang tidak membuat  keluar jalur komedi. Kesimpulannya program hiburan memerlukan adanya konsep, kreatifitas dalam membuat ide cerita supaya penonton tidak bosan melihat tayangan yang itu-itu saja.
Pengaruh Daya Tarik Iklan, Brand Ambassador Dan Brand Image Terhadap Keputusan Pembelian Produk Wardah
Authors: Andina Andina
Published: August 2021

Persaingan industri dibidang kecantikan saat ini mengalami perkembangan yang sangat pesat, dikarenakan masyarakat sudah menjadikan kecantikan sebagai kebutuhan pokok. Adanya produk kecantikan dengan harga murah dengan kualitas yang bagus menambahkan peminat terhadap produk kosmetik. Salah satunya dengan menggunakan daya tarik iklan melalui YouTube, brand ambassador dan brand image. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh Daya Tarik Iklan, Brand Ambassador dan Brand Image terhadap Keputusan Pembelian Produk Wardah. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif, dengan menggunakan metode penyebaran kuesioner kepada responden. Pengambilan jumlah sampel menggunakan teknik. Pendekatan teori yang digunakan adalah S-O-R untuk mengetahui perubahan sikap yang terjadi ketika komunikan memiliki keputusan untuk membeli produk yang di iklankan. Hasil pada penelitian dapat disimpulkan variabel Daya Tarik Iklan, Brand Ambassador dan Brand Image secara bersama-sama memiliki pengaruh signifikan terhadap Keputusan Pembelian produk Wardah. Daya Tarik Iklan, Brand Ambassador dan Brand Image berpengaruh terhadap keputusan pembelian sebesar 37,2%, sedangkan sisanya sebesar 62,8% dipengaruhi oleh varibel lain diluar variabel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini.
Pengaruh Terpaan Dan Isi Pesan Tayangan Sinetron Religius “Azab” Di Indosiar Terhadap Sikap Taqwa Mahasiswa Dalam Agama Islam
Authors: Cantik Cantik
Published: August 2021

Salah satu cara perolehan pengetahuan dan pendidikan moral dan agama ialah melalui media massa. Beberapa  fungsi pers adalah untuk menyampaikan informasi atau pengetahuan (to inform), mendidik (to educate),  mempengaruhi (to influence), serta berperan sebagai kontrol sosial (social control) . Fungsi-fungsi ini tentunya baru  terealisasi bila tayangan yang disajikan dinilai positif oleh pemirsa. Bila suatu tayangan  disajikan secara menarik, mampu menarik minat untuk menonton, pesannya menggugah perasaan pemirsa sehingga mereka menilai tayangan tersebut layak ditonton, dinikmati, serta dipercaya kebenaran pesan yang disampaikannya, maka, kecenderungannya adalah bahwa pemirsa tayangan secara sadar ataupun tidak cenderung bersikap positif terhadap isi pesan yang disampaikan, bahkan kemungkinan berperilaku sebagaimana disarankan dalam tayangan tersebut. Tujuan penelitian ini aalah tayangan televisi dengan tema religi diharapkan mampu menjalankan berbagai fungsi media massa, dalam hal ini menyediakan pengetahuan, memberikan pendidikan, serta menjadi kontrol sosial dalam hal moral dan keagamaan. Penelitian ini adalah kuantitatif dengan metode survei. Variabel yang digunakan adalah Intensitas, Isi Pesan dan sikap taqwa dengan menggunakan teori S.O.R. Penelitian ini mengambil sampel sebanyak 180 responden dengan menggunakan teknik angket kuesioner. Teknik sampling yang digunakan adalah purposive sampling yang meliputi orang-orang yang disaring atas dasar kriteria-kriteria tertentu yang dibuat peneliti. Pengujian hipotesis dalam penelitian ini menggunakan regresi linear sederhana dengan bantuan SPSS versi 20. Bedasarkan analisis, dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh signifikan anatara intensitas dan isi pesan dengan sikap taqwa dalam sinetron AZAB.
Classics at the Hamburg Open Online University
Authors: Diemke Justine , Leisner Nadine , Trachsel Alexandra
Published: August 2021

Justine Diemke, Nadine Leisner and Alexandra Trachsel present three examples of e-Learning from the Hamburg Open Online University (HOOU). Each Classics department has developed
multimedia applications and playful learning scenarios like quizzes: the eManual of Ancient History, the online presence Ariadne which provides basic archaeological information
about the ancient Mediterranean, and Antike Heute in Hamburg, an online quiz focusing on Greco-Roman mythology.
Self-reported social support at works among nurses and associated factors. Results from a cross-sectional study in a provincial hospital in 2020
Authors: Tran Thi Thu Thuy , Nguyen Thi Huong , Nguyen Van Bang , Le Thi Thanh Xuan
Published: August 2021

Objective: This study aimed to measure nurses' self-perceived social support and identify associated factors at one Vietnamese provincial hospital in 2020. Methods: A cross-sectional study was implemented among clinical nurses of 22 treatment wards working at the hospital for over six months. Two hundred sixty-one nurses returned the self-reported questionnaires containing the Vietnamese 22-item Job Content Questionnaire and set of questions on personal and work characteristics. Descriptive analysis (frequency, mean, standard deviation), crude analysis (t-test and ANOVA), and multivariate linear regressions were conducted to describe the social support (i.e., supervisor' and co-worker's supports) and their associations with other factors at the significant level p less than 0.05. Results: The study achieved a relatively high response rate (82.1%). Social supports, including supervisor and co-worker's supports, were 24.04, 11.89, and 12.16, respectively. Multivariate Linear regressions showed an inverse association of job demand and positive correlation of job control with both supervisor and co-workers' support among participating nurses (p<0.01). Older nurses, nurses with fewer years of work experience or fixed-term contract reported more perceived support from their superiors (p<0.05). Conclusions: Nurses with different characteristics reported dissimilar perceived levels of social supports at work. Head nurses responsible for nursing management should encourage a supportive working environment where nurses can feel comfortable asking for and receive assistance from others. In addition, appropriate training would be helpful to increase nurses' recognition and usage of available resources at work. Keywords: Social support, supervisor's support, co-worker's support, clinical nurses, provincial hospital, Vietnam
Social support and related factors among the elderly in Thuy Bieu ward, Hue city
Authors:   Faculty of Public Health, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hue University, Vo Nu Hong Duc , Tran Thi Hoa ,   Center of training and Direction of healthcare activity, Thu Duc hospital, Ho Chi Minh City, Dang Cao Khoa ,   Faculty of Public Health, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hue University
Published: August 2021

Objectives: To describe the status of social support and to find out the related factors among the elderly in Thuy Bieu ward, Hue City in 2019. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study conducted on 400 elderly people in Thuy Bieu ward, Hue City from November to December 2019. The Social Support Rating Scale (SSRS) was used to evaluate the situation of social support. Results: The average score of social support in the elderly was 33.32 ± 6.73; in which, objective support, subjective support and support seeking-behavior had an average score of 7.97 ± 2.41; 19.01 ± 3.95 and 6.35 ± 1.99. The proportion of elderly people with social support at the average level accounted for the majority (51.0%); 45.2% of elderly people had low social support; 3.8% of the elderly had high social support. Multivariate linear regression analysis showed that high social support is often found in highly educated people, married, living together, club/group participation, regularly communicate with people. Conclusions: Social support in the elderly was not high. This study aims to provide some possible implications to impact on relevant factors to improve social support for the elderly.
Inpatients’ experience and the associated factors: A cross-sectional study at Lung hospital, Son La, in 2020
Authors:   Hanoi Medical University, Nguyen Huu Thang , Doan Thi Nguyet Minh , Tran Thanh Huong , Pham Hai Thanh
Published: August 2021

Objectives: Medical facilities with an autonomous tendency always try to serve positive and pleasant experiences to improve the brand name, increase patient satisfaction and loyalty. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on 245 inpatients at Lung Hospital in Son La province in 2020. To describe the current situation of the inpatient's experience at Lung Hospital in Son La province by 2020 and its related factors. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted on 245 inpatients at Son La Lung Hospital Results: The study showed that the total score of inpatients’ experience ranged from 22 points to 57 points and the mean of it was 39.7 (6.13) points. Subject's experience scores were divided into 2 groups, the satisfied group accounted for 32.7% and the percentage of the unsatisfied group was 67.3%. As compared to men, a higher total score of women was (OR: 1.134; 95% CI: 0.284-0.997). The urban area group’s score was 1,190 times higher than that of those who live in rural and mountainous areas (95% CI: 1,010 - 1,400). The middle-income group had more positive experience than the low-income group (OR: 1.180; 95% CI: 1.010 - 1.370). Conclusions: Our research showed that gender, living area and economic condition affected the total score of inpatients’ experience at the Lung hospital. Keywords: Patient experiences, inpatient treatment, hospital, associated factors
Multicolor Variability of Young Stars in the Lagoon Nebula: Driving Causes and Intrinsic Timescales
Authors: Venuti Laura , Cody Ann Marie , Rebull Luisa M. , Beccari Giacomo , Irwin Mike J. , Thanvantri Sowmya , Howell Steve B. , Barentsen Geert
Published: August 2021

Space observatories have provided unprecedented depictions of the many variability behaviors typical of low-mass, young stars. However, those studies have so far largely omitted more massive objects (∼2 M
⊙ to 4–5 M
⊙) and were limited by the absence of simultaneous, multiwavelength information. We present a new study of young star variability in the ∼1–2 Myr old, massive Lagoon Nebula region. Our sample encompasses 278 young, late B to K-type stars, monitored with Kepler/K2. Auxiliary u, g, r, i, Hα time-series photometry, simultaneous with K2, was acquired at the Paranal Observatory. We employed this comprehensive data set and archival infrared photometry to determine individual stellar parameters, assess the presence of circumstellar disks, and tie the variability behaviors to inner disk dynamics. We found significant mass-dependent trends in variability properties, with B/A stars displaying substantially reduced levels of variability compared to G/K stars for any light-curve morphology. These properties suggest different magnetic field structures at the surface of early-type and later-type stars. We also detected a dearth of some disk-driven variability behaviors, particularly dippers, among stars earlier than G. This indicates that their higher surface temperatures and more chaotic magnetic fields prevent the formation and survival of inner disk dust structures corotating with the star. Finally, we examined the characteristic variability timescales within each light curve and determined that the day-to-week timescales are predominant over the K2 time series. These reflect distinct processes and locations in the inner disk environment, from intense accretion triggered by instabilities in the innermost disk regions to variable accretion efficiency in the outer magnetosphere.
Planets Across Space and Time (PAST). II. Catalog and Analyses of the LAMOST–Gaia–Kepler Stellar Kinematic Properties
Authors: Chen Di-Chang , Yang Jia-Yi , Xie Ji-Wei , Zhou Ji-Lin , Dong Subo , Zheng Zheng , Zhang Jing-Hua , Liu Chao , Wang Hai-Feng , Xiang Mao-Sheng , Zong Weikai , Huang Yang , Luo Ali
Published: August 2021

The Kepler telescope has discovered over 4000 planets (candidates) by searching ∼200,000 stars over a wide range of distance (order of kpc) in our Galaxy. Characterizing the kinematic properties (e.g., Galactic component membership and kinematic age) of these Kepler targets (including the planet candidate hosts) is the first step toward studying Kepler planets in the Galactic context, which will reveal fresh insights into planet formation and evolution. In this paper, the second part of the Planets Across the Space and Time (PAST) series, by combining the data from the Large Sky Area Multi-Object Fiber Spectroscopic Telescope (LAMOST) and Gaia and then applying the revised kinematic methods from PAST I, we present a catalog of kinematic properties (i.e., Galactic positions, velocities, and the relative membership probabilities among the thin disk, thick disk, Hercules stream, and the halo) as well as other basic stellar parameters for 35,835 Kepler stars. Further analyses of the LAMOST–Gaia–Kepler catalog demonstrate that our derived kinematic age reveals the expected stellar activity-age trend. Furthermore, we find that the fraction of thin (thick) disk stars increases (decreases) with the transiting planet multiplicity (N
p = 0, 1, 2 and 3+) and the kinematic age decreases with N
p, which could be a consequence of the dynamical evolution of planetary architecture with age. The LAMOST–Gaia–Kepler catalog will be useful for future studies on the correlations between the exoplanet distributions and the stellar Galactic environments as well as ages.
Stellar Transits across a Magnetized Accretion Torus as a Mechanism for Plasmoid Ejection
Authors: Suková Petra , Zajaček Michal , Witzany Vojtěch , Karas Vladimír
Published: August 2021

The close neighborhood of a supermassive black hole contains not only the accreting gas and dust but also stellar-sized objects, such as late-type and early-type stars and compact remnants that belong to the nuclear star cluster. When passing through the accretion flow, these objects perturb it by the direct action of stellar winds, as well as their magnetic and gravitational effects. By performing general-relativistic magnetohydrodynamic simulations, we investigate how the passages of a star can influence the supermassive black hole gaseous environment. We focus on the changes in the accretion rate and the emergence of blobs of plasma in the funnel of an accretion torus. We compare results from 2D and 3D numerical computations that have been started with comparable initial conditions. We find that a quasi-stationary inflow can be temporarily inhibited by a transiting star, and the plasmoids can be ejected along the magnetic field lines near the rotation axis. We observe the characteristic signatures of the perturbing motion in the power spectrum of the accretion variability, which provides an avenue for a multi-messenger detection of these transient events. Finally, we discuss the connection of our results to multiwavelength observations of galactic nuclei, with the emphasis on ten promising sources (Sgr A*, OJ 287, J0849+5108, RE J1034+396, 1ES 1927+65, ESO 253–G003, GSN 069, RX J1301.9+2747, eRO-QPE1, and eRO-QPE2).
Detection of a Multiphase Ultrafast Wind in the Narrow-line Seyfert 1 Galaxy Mrk 1044
Authors: Krongold Y. , Longinotti A. L. , Santos-Lleó M. , Mathur S. , Peterson B. M. , Nicastro F. , Gupta A. , Rodríguez-Pascual P. , Elías-Chávez M.
Published: August 2021

We present a detailed analysis of XMM-Newton X-ray spectra of the Narrow-Line Seyfert 1 galaxy Mrk 1044. We find robust evidence for a multiphase, ultrafast outflow, traced by four separate components in the grating spectrum. One component has high column density and ionization state, and is outflowing at ∼0.15c. The other three wind components have lower temperature, lower column density, and have outflow velocities ∼0.08c. This wind structure is strikingly similar to that found in IRAS 17020+4544, suggesting that stratified winds may be a common feature of ultrafast outflows. Such structure is likely produced by fluid instabilities that form when the nuclear wind shocks the ambient medium. We show that, in an energy-driven wind scenario, the wind in Mrk 1044 might carry enough energy to produce significant feedback on its host galaxy. We further discuss the implications of the presence of a fast wind in yet another NLS1 galaxy with high Eddington ratio.
A Quick Look at the 3 GHz Radio Sky. I. Source Statistics from the Very Large Array Sky Survey
Authors: Gordon Yjan A. , Boyce Michelle M. , O’Dea Christopher P. , Rudnick Lawrence , Andernach Heinz , Vantyghem Adrian N. , Baum Stefi A. , Bui Jean-Paul , Dionyssiou Mathew , Safi-Harb Samar , Sander Isabel
Published: August 2021

The Very Large Array Sky Survey (VLASS) is observing the entire sky north of −40° in the S band (2 GHz < ν < 4 GHz), with the highest angular resolution (2.″5) of any all-sky radio continuum survey to date. VLASS will cover its entire footprint over three distinct epochs, the first of which has now been observed in full. Based on Quick Look images from this first epoch, we have created a catalog of 1.9 × 106 reliably detected radio components. Due to the limitations of the Quick Look images, component flux densities are underestimated by ∼15% at S
peak > 3 mJy beam−1 and are often unreliable for fainter components. We use this catalog to perform statistical analyses of the ν ∼ 3 GHz radio sky. Comparisons with the Faint Images of the Radio Sky at Twenty-Centimeters (FIRST) survey show the typical 1.4–3 GHz spectral index, α, to be ∼−0.71. The radio color–color distribution of point and extended components is explored by matching with FIRST and the LOFAR Two-meter Sky Survey. We present the VLASS source counts, dN/dS, which are found to be consistent with previous observations at 1.4 and 3 GHz. Resolution improvements over FIRST result in excess power in the VLASS two-point correlation function at angular scales ≲7″, and in 18% of active galactic nuclei associated with a single FIRST component being split into multicomponent sources by VLASS.
XMM-Newton Observes the Intrabinary Shock of PSR J1959+2048
Authors: Kandel D. , Romani Roger W. , An Hongjun
Published: August 2021

In a multi-orbit (100 ks) XMM-Newton exposure of the original black widow pulsar, PSR J1959+2048, we measure the strong orbital modulation caused by intrabinary shock (IBS) emission. The IBS light curve peak appears asymmetric, which we attribute to sweep-back effects in the companion wind. We also see evidence for an X-ray eclipse by the companion and its wind. Together with the IBS fit, this supports an edge-on i ∼ 90° view of the system and a modest ∼1.8 M
⊙ mass for the recycled pulsar. Our IBS fit parameters imply a wind flux that, if persistent, would evaporate the companion within a few Gyr.
First record of the subfamily Oxytorinae (Insecta, Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae) from the Oriental Region, with descriptions of two new species from Vietnam
Authors: Riedel Matthias , Vu Van Lien , Schmidt Stefan
Published: August 2021

The Oxytorinae is a small subfamily of the family Ichneumonidae (Insecta, Hymenoptera) with the single genusOxytorusFörster and 23 described species. Species were previously known to occur in the Palaearctic, Nearctic and Neotropical Regions.

The ichneumonid subfamily Oxytorinae is recorded for the first time from the Oriental Region. Two species, one from northern and one from central Vietnam, are described as new:Oxytorus carinatusRiedel, sp. n. andO. rufopropodealisRiedel, sp. n.
First description of the male of Psechrus jinggangensis Wang & Yin, 2001 from China
Authors: Zhao Dan-chen , Fei Ming-hui , Zeng Xin , Ying Yuan-hao , Xiao Yong-hong , Liu Ke-Ke
Published: August 2021

The male of Psechrus jinggangensis Wang & Yin, 2001 is described for the first time based on many specimens from its type locality, Jinggang Mountain National Nature Reserve, Ji’an City, Jiangxi province, China. Detailed illustrations, SEM images, and distribution map are given.
D’une terminologie à l’autre : des compléments problématiques
Authors: Delhay Corinne , Pellat Jean-Christophe
Published: August 2021

Les programmes scolaires français du XXI e siècle ont connu une série de changements rapprochés. En 2020 est parue une Terminologie grammaticale qui se veut la nouvelle référence officielle. Cet article pose la question des choix terminologiques et des critères de distinction des compléments liés au verbe et des compléments de phrase. L’article retrace ainsi l’histoire de la terminologie des compléments. Il examine ensuite, en se centrant sur la question des compléments circonstanciels et sur les constructions du verbe être , les évolutions et les incertitudes des textes officiels de la nomenclature de 1975 à cette terminologie grammaticale de 2020, qui crée la perplexité en étendant l’application des étiquettes de COD et de COI, parlant notamment de COI du verbe être . L’étude aboutit enfin à des propositions pour une terminologie grammaticale plus cohérente, pour parler de complément du verbe être , tout en distinguant le complément-attribut de ses autres compléments indirects. Il convient en effet de clarifier la notion de complément circonstanciel en l’opposant nettement à celle de complément de verbe et, plus généralement, en distinguant les compléments qui déterminent le sens du verbe et les ajouts facultatifs. Un parallélisme didactique peut ainsi être proposé entre deux types d’ajouts : les expansions du nom et les compléments circonstanciels qui précisent, selon le cas, le sens du groupe nominal ou de la phrase.
Une terminologie grammaticale à l’épreuve des problèmes de catégorisation
Authors: Plane Sylvie
Published: August 2021

L’article s’intéresse aux choix opérés par la Terminologie grammaticale publiée en 2020 par le ministère de l’Éducation nationale. Cette terminologie n’envisage que l’écrit et se centre sur la phrase, ne réservant qu’une place marginale aux faits linguistiques d’ordre textuel ou discursif. Elle affecte comme visée aux apprentissages grammaticaux le développement de capacités d’étiquetage et se réfère à la tradition pour déterminer et désigner les catégories grammaticales à enseigner, malgré les réserves que ces catégories suscitent et qui sont exprimées dans les commentaires fins et argumentés accompagnant les prescriptions. La terminologie systématise l’analyse par groupes de mots, avec parfois des ambigüités dans leur désignation sous forme de sigles, et adopte le principe selon lequel toute nature grammaticale doit pouvoir être associée à une ou plusieurs fonctions. Ce principe la conduit à évacuer les interjections et les présentatifs, qui ne peuvent être rattachés à une fonction classique. Elle distingue les expansions qui complètent le nom et celles qui complètent le groupe nominal, mais ne parvient pas à clarifier certaines ambigüités concernant l’apposition. Par respect de la tradition, la terminologie conserve les catégories « Types de phrases » et « Formes de phrases », malgré leur peu de pertinence didactique. Il est regretté que la terminologie ne témoigne pas du souci d’amener les élèves à développer une réflexion métalinguistique.
La conceptualisation de la notion de sujet, étude comparative au cycle 4
Authors: Jouili Estelle , Elalouf Marie-Laure
Published: August 2021

L’étude compare les réponses d’élèves français et espagnols à un même test sur la notion de sujet en fin de scolarité obligatoire. Interrogés sur les critères définitoires qu’ils mobilisent, les élèves doivent repérer le sujet dans des énoncés qui s’éloignent progressivement de la séquence prototypique : nom animé en position initiale précédant immédiatement le verbe. Notre objectif est d’interroger la manière dont les élèves du cycle 4 se représentent et conceptualisent ce savoir appris et supposé acquis depuis la fin du cycle 3 et de déterminer la tension entre la nature de la connaissance grammaticale qu’on exige des élèves, en fonction des attendus des programmes, et la conceptualisation de ces savoirs. La comparaison fait apparaitre que des élèves scolarisés dans des cultures grammaticales différentes se distinguent dans certaines de leurs réponses, mais se rejoignent dans leurs raisonnements. La tradition espagnole aborde le sujet dans sa relation au prédicat et la française dans sa relation au verbe. Pourtant les conceptualisations des élèves apparaissent relativement autonomes au regard de l’enseignement reçu : les raisonnements traduisant une lecture sémantico-référentielle prédominent encore, les critères morphosyntaxiques restent sous-exploités tandis que, par l’emploi du terme d’importance, les élèves signalent leur sensibilité à l’organisation thématique pourtant non enseignée.
L’adjectif au cycle 3 : analyse d’exemples fournis par des élèves pour définir la notion
Authors: Lepoire-Duc Solveig , Valma Eleni
Published: August 2021

L’apparente simplicité des caractéristiques définitoires de l’adjectif masque une réalité bien plus complexe et de nombreuses incertitudes chez les élèves et les enseignants. De fait, le concept d’adjectif reste flou pour la majorité des élèves de début de CM2. Partant du corpus recueilli dans le cadre de la recherche REAlang, l’article analyse les exemples proposés par des élèves de CM1 et CM2 pour éclairer les explications qu’ils apportent en réponse à la consigne « Explique ce qu’est un adjectif ». L’objectif est de mieux comprendre les repères ou les intuitions linguistiques sur lesquels ils s’appuient pour donner sens à leurs explications métalinguistiques. L’analyse porte sur la manière dont ces élèves conçoivent le processus de qualification, sur le plan syntaxique, sémantique et cognitif. Sont également étudiés leurs raisonnements sous-jacents sur la place de l’adjectif dans le syntagme nominal, la morphologie et les accords, les procédures permettant d’identifier un adjectif. Les élèves recourent fréquemment et spontanément à des formes attributives pour étayer leurs explications : ce constat conduit à suggérer une attention particulière à cette forme syntaxique que les programmes ne préconisent d’étudier qu’en toute fin de scolarité élémentaire.
Le jeu de société revisité
Authors: Tabeaud Martine
Published: August 2021

Avec les longues soirées du couvre-feu et des confinements, les jeux de société sont revenus en force. Ils réunissent dans l'espace domestique toutes les générations. Parmi les petits nouveaux, « Terraforming Mars » impose d'aller jusqu'au petit matin pour rendre habitable la planète rouge. Mais, si le temps est compté, pourquoi ne pas revenir à de bons vieux jeux tout en restant sur la planète Terre, comme un jeu de l'oie « actualisé » ?
Noms de personnes, noms de personnages : récit et émancipation
Authors: Piégay Nathalie
Published: August 2021

Les personnages dérivés d’archives ou de documents se distinguent des personnages « historiques » parce qu’ils peuvent être sans renommée et ne pas avoir marqué l’Histoire comme des personnages fictionnels (ils sont référentiels). Pour autant, leur construction ne fait pas toujours l’économie du romanesque, voire de la fiction, et ils peuvent eux aussi s’inscrire dans la réalité. À partir d’une analyse de leurs noms, nous verrons comment leur émergence dans la littérature contemporaine, caractéristique du roman de non-fiction et de la biofiction, est représentative d’un deuil que formule le roman envers les fables de l’émancipation.
« Ouvrir une boîte comme on ouvre la bouche. » L’écrivain-commissaire dans les cartes blanches de l’IMEC
Authors: Martens David
Published: August 2021

Depuis 2016, l’IMEC (Institut Mémoires de l’édition contemporaine) confie une fois par an un rôle curatorial à des écrivains invités à monter une exposition mobilisant ses fonds. Ce type de programmation subit une tension propre aux lieux dédiés à la préservation d’une mémoire : celle entre l’impératif documentaire et le regard singulier d’un commissaire invité. À cela s’ajoute l’articulation entre deux auctorialités : celle du commissaire et celle de l’institution accueillant ces initiatives qui refaçonnent son image en en faisant un lieu de la création vivante
Le monde inexpliqué. Commentaire libre du Très-Haut (chap. 1 et 2) de Maurice Blanchot
Authors: Kervegant Louis
Published: August 2021

L’expérience de pensée proposée par cette lecture des deux premiers chapitres du roman de Maurice Blanchot  Le Très Haut , retrace le récit d’un sujet en crise psychique. Un autre récit, celui de la lutte subjective du sujet avec son destin tente de restituer le programme inconscient qui dirige le patient. Cette étude articule les effets sur le corps de la maladie, qui circule et est métabolisé dans la région de l’œsophage et tente de refaire les liens entre les personnages du récit, dans leurs malentendus et incompréhensions. Le monde inexpliqué, c’est l’effroi qui saisit le sujet à son retour dans le quotidien, et qui cherche une forme de reconnaissance dans la petite voix intérieure d’autrui.
Des ballerines et des spectatrices : la tournée de Fanny Elssler et les questions féministes au début des années 1840 aux États-Unis
Authors: Chevrier-Bosseau Adeline
Published: August 2021

La tournée de la ballerine Fanny Elssler aux États-Unis entre 1840 et 1842 eut un impact considérable pour le public américain. Sa présence sur scène déchaîna les passions dans la presse comme chez les spectateurs et spectatrices. Le contraste extrême entre l’adoration que cette star du ballet romantique suscita chez certains et l’opprobre des plus puritains reflète le statut très ambigu de la danse dans le contexte du xix e  siècle, mais surtout la place très problématique de la chorégraphie et des ballerines dans la vie culturelle américaine, à une époque où l’Amérique, cherchant à se définir en tant que nation, se libère de la tutelle européenne. Pour le public de cette période appelée la Renaissance américaine, Elssler représente bien plus qu’une étoile européenne en tournée : autour d’elle se cristallisent des questions aussi diverses que la place de la danse dans l’univers du divertissement américain, du rôle des femmes sur scène dans une société très puritaine, de leur travail et des revenus qu’elles peuvent légitimement toucher. Mais sont interrogés aussi le statut disputé des danseuses en tant qu’artistes, la question, enfin, des spectatrices, et plus généralement des femmes dans la sphère publique, et des libertés dont celles-ci peuvent jouir vers 1840.
Baudelaire et l’architecture bruxelloise : de l’imitation à la vie des formes
Authors: Buvat Margot
Published: August 2021

Si une grande partie des notes fragmentaires de Baudelaire sur la Belgique (1864-1866) se distingue par sa violence et sa belgophobie, il n’en va pas de même pour la liasse « Architecture, églises, culte », brouillon de réflexions esthétiques que le poète avait semble-t-il le projet de mener dans Pauvre Belgique ! . Elle sort en effet du ressassement qui accuse inlassablement les Belges d’ imitation , et diffère des remarques qui montrent en toutes choses une Belgique singe de la France. En adjoignant à la lecture de Baudelaire celle du sociologue Gabriel Tarde, cet article se propose de montrer comment les nouvelles formes architecturales que le poète rencontre à Bruxelles lui permettent de se saisir de manière plus euphorique de la question de l’imitation, en envisageant le processus non seulement d’après le mimétisme angoissant de la copie, mais selon sa lenteur souterraine et vivante, où Baudelaire retrouve des échos de sa propre esthétique.
À propos d’une lettre inédite de Charles Baudelaire enfant
Authors: Serina Florent
Published: August 2021

Las de l’absence de l’une de ses camarades de jeu, le jeune Charles Baudelaire a pris la plume, vraisemblablement durant les vacances estivales de l’année 1829, pour lui dire son impatience de la revoir. Sa lettre, retrouvée incidemment chez l’arrière-petite-fille de sa destinataire, vient éclairer d’un nouveau jour une période assez peu documentée de l’enfance du futur poète parisien. Une analyse fouillée de son contenu, soutenue par une mise en contexte approfondie du moment de sa rédaction, conduit à l’identifier, en dépit de sa non-datation, comme étant la lettre la plus ancienne de l’auteur des Fleurs du Mal qui nous soit parvenue.
Small Incision Lenticule Extraction for Correction of Pediatric Unilateral Anisometropic Myopia
Authors: Samir Ahmed , Lotfy Ayman , Heikal Mohamed Amin , Abdelrahman Elsayed Ayman M.
Published: August 2021

PURPOSE:

To evaluate the effects of femtosecond laser small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) on treating unilateral myopic anisometropia in children with spectacles or contact lens intolerance.

METHODS:

This was a retrospective study that included children with unilateral myopic anisometropic amblyopia who underwent a SMILE procedure at Alpha Vision Center, Zagazig, Egypt, from January 2014 to December 2016.

RESULTS:

One hundred twenty-four eyes of 124 patients were included in this study. The postoperative corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA) at the 3-month and 1-, 2-, 3-, and 4-year follow-up visits improved significantly (
P
< .05) compared to the preoperative CDVA, indicating the safety of the procedure. At the 3-month postoperative visit, 23% of cases showed improvement of one or more lines of CDVA, whereas only 2% of cases showed a decline of only one line. Moreover, the postoperative uncorrected distance visual acuity compared favorably to the preoperative CDVA, denoting the efficacy of the refractive correction. The spherical equivalent was within ±0.50 diopters of the intended correction in 75% of the cases and within ±1.00 diopters in 89% of the cases. The intraoperative complications were scarce and relatively innocuous.

CONCLUSIONS:

SMILE is a safe and effective alternative method for correcting myopic anisometropic amblyopia in children with spectacles or contact lens intolerance with good refractive results. A larger study with longer follow-up periods is necessary to determine the long-term effects of SMILE.

[
J Refract Surg
. 2021;37(8):510–515.]