bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effects of Group Dynamic Assessment on L2 Chinese learners’ literacy development: Learners’ responsiveness to interactive mediation
Authors: Kao Yu-Ting
Published: July 2020

Dynamic Assessment (DA), an innovative assessment approach, has begun to attract attention as a conceptualization of assessment that emphasizes the social interactive role of learning. Although DA receives attention in the field of language testing/assessment, its feasibility in engaging larger cohorts of individuals is concerned. This shortcoming of DA leads to the application of Group Dynamic Assessment (G-DA). This study examined the extent to which mediation provided through G-DA frameworks – concurrent and cumulative – supported a group of language learners’ literacy development. It investigates five intermediate L2 Chinese learners’ rhetorical awareness via their performance on Chinese reading and writing tasks. One Chinese rhetorical structures, the ‘Qi-cheng-zhuan-he’ approach, was selected because it is considered the most difficult learning point for Chinese learners. Findings were reported: 1) the mediation provided to the participants through both concurrent and cumulative G-DA approaches promoted their understanding of the ‘Qi-cheng-zhuan-he’ approach, 2) the more times a participant engaged as the primary interactant, the better learning outcome he/she would present, 3) individual participant had different developmental level and thus showed various extent of responsiveness to the teacher’s mediation; yet, their active participation, either verbal or nonverbal behaviors, would foster their learning performance. Pedagogical applications are discussed.
Erasmus Exchange Program – A Matter of (Relatively) Older Students
Authors: Fumarco Luca , Carlsson Magnus , Gibbs Benjamin G.
Published: July 2020

This study contributes to the literature on long-term effects of relative age (i.e. age differences between classmates in compulsory school) by examining tertiary education outcomes. We investigate whether there is evidence of relative age effects on university students enrolled in the Erasmus exchange program. We use administrative data on all exchange students who visited the Linnaeus University, in Sweden, in the four years since its founding. We find long-term evidence of RAEs—the youngest cohort students participate less often to the Erasmus exchange program than older cohort members.
The invariant subspaces of S ⊕ S
*
Authors: Timotin Dan
Published: July 2020

Using the tools of Sz.-Nagy–Foias theory of contractions, we describe in detail the invariant subspaces of the operator S ⊕ S
*, where S is the unilateral shift on a Hilbert space. This answers a question of Câmara and Ross.
Atmospheric corrosion prediction: a review
Authors: Cai Yikun , Xu Yuanming , Zhao Yu , Ma Xiaobing
Published: July 2020

The atmospheric corrosion of metallic materials causes great economic loss every year worldwide. Thus, it is meaningful to predict the corrosion loss in different field environments. Generally, the corrosion prediction method includes three parts of work: the modelling of the corrosive environment, the calibration of the corrosion effects, and the establishment of the corrosion kinetics. This paper gives an overview of the existing methods as well as promising tools and technologies which can be used in corrosion prediction. The basic corrosion kinetic model is the power function model and it is accurate for short-term corrosion process. As for the long-term corrosion process, the general linear models are more appropriate as they consider the protective effect of the corrosion products. Most corrosion effect models correlate the environmental variables, which are characterized by the annual average value in most cases, with corrosion parameters by linear equations which is known as the dose-response function. Apart from these conventional methods, some mathematical and numerical methods are also appropriate for corrosion prediction. The corrosive environment can be described by statistical distributions, time-varying functions and even geographic information system (GIS), while the corrosion effect can be captured via response surface models and statistical learning methods.
Bivariate box plots based on quantile regression curves
Authors: Navarro Jorge
Published: July 2020

In this paper, we propose a procedure to build bivariate box plots (BBP). We first obtain the theoretical BBP for a random vector (X, Y). They are based on the univariate box plot of X and the conditional quantile curves of Y|X. They can be computed from the copula of (X, Y) and the marginal distributions. The main advantage of these BBP is that the coverage probabilities of the regions are distribution-free. So they can be selected by the users with the desired probabilities and they can be used to perform fit tests. Three reasonable options are proposed. They are illustrated with two examples from a normal model and an exponential model with a Clayton copula. Moreover, several methods to estimate the theoretical BBP are discussed. The main ones are based on linear and non-linear quantile regression. The others are based on empirical estimators and parametric and non-parametric (kernel) copula estimations. All of them can be used to get empirical BBP. Some extensions for the multivariate case are proposed as well.
No effect of lipoic acid on catalytic activity of cytochrome P450 3A4
Authors: Makhova Anna A. , Shikh Evgeniya V. , Bulko Tatiana V. , Gilep Andrei A. , Usanov Sergei A. , Shumyantseva Victoria V.
Published: July 2020

Objectives

α-Lipoic acid is used as an antioxidant in multivitamin formulations to restore the normal level of intracellular glutathione after depletion caused by environmental pollutants or during physiological aging of the body, as a chelating agent, as a dietary supplement, in anti-aging compositions. Lipoic acid (LA) acts as a buffer in cancer therapy and in therapy of diseases associated with oxidative stress. The effect of LA on the catalytic functions of cytochrome P450 3A4 as the main enzyme of the biotransformation of drugs was studied. It was shown that LA in the concentration range of 50–200 μM affects the stage of electron transfer (stage of cytochrome P450 3A4 heme reduction), decreasing the cathodic reduction current by an average of 20 ± 5%. The kinetic parameters (kcat) of the N-demethylation reaction of erythromycin, the antibiotic of the macrolide group, used as a marker substrate for the comparative analysis of the catalytic activity of cytochrome P450 3A4, both in the presence ofα-lipoic acid and in the cytochrome P450 3A4-erythromycin complex, amounted to comparable values of 3.5 ± 0.9 and 3.4 ± 0.9 min−1, respectively. Based on these experimental data, we can conclude that there is no significant effect ofα-lipoic acid on the catalysis of cytochrome P450 3A4. These results can be projected on the possibility of usingα-lipoic acid in complex therapy without negative impact on the enzymatic cytochrome P450 system.

Methods

The analysis was performed in electrochemical non-invasive model systems for recording the catalytic activity of cytochrome P450 3A4, using screen-printed electrodes, modified with membranous didodecyldimethylammonium bromide.

Results

It was shown that LA did not affect the N-demethylation of macrolide antibiotic erythromycin. Catalytic constant (kcat) of N-demethylation of erythromycin corresponds to 3.4 ± 0.9 min−1and in the presence of LA corresponds to 3.5 ± 0.9 min−1.

Conclusions

Based on the obtained experimental data, we can conclude that there is no significant effect ofα-lipoic acid on individual stages and processes of catalysis of cytochrome P450 3A4. LA can be recommended for inclusion in complex therapy as an antioxidant, antitoxic and chelating compound without negative impact on the enzymatic cytochrome P450 3A4 activity of the human body.
Some thoughts On CSR in relation to B Corp Labels
Authors: Burger-Helmchen Thierry , Siegel Erica J.
Published: July 2020

In this article, we examine recent trends in CSR within a broader consideration of its historical development. The origin of CSR and the purpose it serves nowadays have diverged in different directions. By pinpointing some of the reasons for this shift and charting the evolution of the historical development of CSR, compounded with the stakeholder approach of the firm, we aim to shed some light on the B Corp label. Will this label, which has the potential for new directions in the field of social entrepreneurship, suffer the same fate as CSR and Stakeholders? Or, is it just old wine in a new bottle?
Generalized fractional integral inequalities of Hermite-Hadamard-type for a convex function
Authors: Han Jiangfeng , Mohammed Pshtiwan Othman , Zeng Huidan
Published: July 2020

The primary objective of this research is to establish the generalized fractional integral inequalities of Hermite-Hadamard-type for MT-convex functions and to explore some new Hermite-Hadamard-type inequalities in a form of Riemann-Liouville fractional integrals as well as classical integrals. It is worth mentioning that our work generalizes and extends the results appeared in the literature.
Synthesis of pyrimidines by Fe3O4@SiO2-L-proline nanoparticles
Authors: Safaei-Ghomi Javad , Samadi Zahra
Published: July 2020

Fe3O4@SiO2-L-proline nanoparticles have been used as an effective catalyst for the preparation of pyrimidines by three-component reactions of 1,3-dimethylbarbituric acid, aromatic aldehydes and 4-methyl aniline or 4-methoxy aniline under reflux condition in ethanol. Fe3O4@SiO2-L-proline nanoparticles have been characterized by scanning electronic microscopy (SEM), powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), energy dispersive X-ray (EDS), dynamic light scattering (DLS) and FT-IR spectroscopy. This method provides several advantages including, the reusability of the catalyst, low catalyst loading, atom economy, short reaction times and high yields of products.
BioVar: an online biological variation analysis tool
Authors: Korkmaz Selçuk , Zarasız Gökmen , Göksülük Dinçer , Senes Mehmet , Sönmez Cem , Yucel Dogan
Published: July 2020

Objectives

Biological variation (BV) analysis of laboratory tests gets increased attention due to its practical applications. These applications include correct interpretation of laboratory tests, the decision on the availability of reference intervals, contributions to clinical decision-making. It is critical to derive the BV information accurately and reliably. Another crucial step is to perform the statistical analysis of the BV data. Although there are updated and comprehensive guidelines, there is no reliable and comprehensive tool to perform statistical analysis of BV data.

Methods

We presented BioVar, an online tool for statistical analysis of the BV data based on available and updated guidelines.

Results

This tool can be used (i) to detect outliers, (ii) to control normality assumption, (iii) to check steady-state condition, (iv) to test homogeneity assumptions, (v) to perform subset analysis for genders, (vi) to perform analysis of variance to estimate components of variation and (vii) to identify analytical performance specifications of laboratory tests. Moreover, plots can be created at each step of outlier detection to inspect outliers and compare gender groups visually. An automatic report can be generated and downloaded.

Conclusion

The tool is freely available through turcosa.shinyapps.io/biovar/, and source code is available on the Github: github.com/selcukorkmaz/BioVar.
Serum Procalcitonin Levels on Admission Predict Death in Severe and Critical COVID-19 Patients in Wuhan, China
Authors: Jin Han , Yang Shengwen , He Pengkang , Weng Haoyu , Liu Shengcong , Yang Fan , Zhang Long , Fan Fangfang , Zhang Yan , Zhou Jing , Li Jianping
Published: July 2020

Background: We evaluated whether the serum procalcitonin (PCT) level could predict death in severe and critical coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients.

Methods: This study included 129 COVID-19 patients. PCT levels on admission, treatment, and death were collected. The outcomes were compared.

Results: The optimum cutoff value of the PCT level determined by receiver operator characteristic curve analysis to predict all-cause death was 0.085 ng/mL, with sensitivity of 95.7% and specificity of 72.6%. Overall, 78 patients had a PCT level below 0.085 ng/mL and 51 patients had a PCT level of 0.085 ng/mL or greater. High-PCT-level patients had lower levels of lymphocytes (P=0.001) and albumin (P=0.002) and higher levels of creatinine (P=0.024), D-dimer (P=0.002), and white blood cells, neutrocytes (P<0.001), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (P<0.001), interleukin-6 (P<0.001), interleukin-8 (P=0.001), interleukin-10 (P=0.001), tumor necrosis factor (P<0.001), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (P=0.001), and ferritin (P=0.001). During the 30-day observation period, 23 patients died. Mortality was significantly higher in high-PCT-level patients than in patients with low PCT levels (43.1% vs. 1.3%; P<0.001). The risks of death (P<0.0001) and ventilator use (P<0.0001) were increased in patients with PCT levels of 0.085 ng/mL or greater.

Conclusions: A PCT level of 0.085 ng/mL or greater on admission could effectively predict death and ventilator use in severe and critical COVID-19 patients.
Estimación morfométrica de especie, sexo y edad en restos óseos de Otáridos de P 96 (Punta Entrada, Santa Cruz, Argentina)
Authors: BORELLA FLORENCIA , L’HEUREUX G. LORENA , CRUZ ISABEL
Published: July 2020

A partir de la abundancia de restos de otáridos y la alta proporción de especímenes no fusionados en el conjunto zooarqueológico de P 96 (Punta Entrada, Santa Cruz, Argentina), se propuso que los cazadores-recolectores explotaron recurrentemente apostaderos reproductivos de estos animales durante el Holoceno tardío. Teniendo en cuenta las dificultades que se pre- sentan en la identificación de huesos postcraneales de otáridos debido a sus semejanzas a nivel osteomorfológico y su acentuado dimorfismo sexual, se llevó a cabo un estudio osteométrico so- bre 38 elementos arqueológicos fusionados y no fusionados de P 96 con el objetivo de ajustar la determinación realizada. Los resultados obtenidos complementan y amplían los planteos previos sobre las proporciones de especies, sexos y edades representadas en el sitio. Nuestro análisis de- terminó el predominio de individuos de Otaria flavescens sobre los de Arctocephalus australis, la presencia de diferentes clases de edad y sexo de ambas especies, y la representación de crías de O. flavescens. A partir de estos resultados es posible plantear que los restos de otáridos recupe- rados en P 96 representan la captura de animales procedentes de diferentes tipos de apostaderos presentes en el área, asegurando, al menos, la explotación de un apostadero reproductivo de O. flavescens en algún momento del Holoceno tardío final.
A módosított Regnault „B” emlőmegtartó műtét mint II. szintű standard onkoplasztikus emlősebészeti technika
Authors: Kelemen Péter , Újhelyi Mihály , Pukancsik Dávid , Sávolt Ákos , Kovács Eszter , Zaka Zoltán , Sándor Zsuzsa , Mátrai Zoltán
Published: July 2020

Absztrakt:

Bevezetés és célkitűzés: A szerzők a Regnault „B” típusú
emlőfelvarrás sebészi technikájának módosításával végzett onkoplasztikus műtéti
technikát és az új emlősebészeti módszer alkalmazásához kapcsolódó retrospektív
klinikopatológiai vizsgálat eredményeit mutatják be. Módszer:
2012. április és 2018. október között, emlőrák miatt, módosított Regnault „B”
technikával operált 215 nőbeteg klinikopatológiai adatait prospektíven vezetett
adatbázis alapján retrospektív módon vizsgáltuk. A betegek életminőségét
validált kérdőív segítségével mértük fel, míg a műtétek esztétikai eredményét a
szintén validált Breast Cancer Conservative Treatment (BCCT.core) számítógépes
program és az 5 pontos Likert-skála alapján értékeltük.
Eredmények: A betegek átlagéletkora 53 év (szórás: 29–81
év) volt. A medián utánkövetési idő 47 hónap (szórás: 7–85 hónap) volt. Az átlag
műtéti idő 47 perc (szórás: 35–85 perc) volt, míg a patológiai tumorméret
átlagosan 33 mm-nek (szórás: 18–58 mm) bizonyult. Pozitív sebészi szél miatt 13
(6%) esetben irányított reexcisióra, míg 3 (1,4%) esetben mastectomiára
kényszerültünk. Az összesített szövődményarány 7,4% (n = 16) volt. Az esztétikai
eredmények Likert-skála szerinti átlagértéke 4,2 (szórás: 2–5), míg a BCCT.core
program alapján 1,3 pont (szórás: 1–4 pont) volt. Az életminőséggel kapcsolatos
kérdőívek eredményei magas betegelégedettséget igazoltak.
Következtetés: A módosított Regnault „B” emlőmegtartó
technika biztonságos és hatékony standard ’level II.’ onkoplasztikus
emlősebészeti technika. A műtét magas betegelégedettséggel, illetve kozmetikai
eredménnyel képes a közepes vagy nagyobb térfogatú emlők külső, illetve
külső-felső negyedeinek T1–T3-as tumorai miatt az emlők akár 20–50%-ának
eltávolítására, majd egyidejű parenchymaáthelyezéssel történő rekonstrukciójára.
A módszer előnye, hogy nem igényel ellenoldali szimmetrizációs műtétet, míg
hátránya, hogy az emlő bőrpalástján vezetett metszések komplettáló mastectomia
esetén az azonnali rekonstrukciót nehezítik. Orv Hetil. 2020; 161(24):
1002–1011.
A multimorbiditás hatása a funkcionális és életminőség-eredményekre generalizált osteoarthrosisban
Authors: Kővári Eszter , Kaposi Ambrus , Kiss Zsuzsanna , Kurucz Réka , Mandl Péter , Bálint Géza Péter , Poór Gyula , Szendrői Miklós , Bálint Péter Vince
Published: July 2020

Absztrakt:

Bevezetés: Az osteoarthrosis (az angol nevezéktanban
osteoarthritis) mint a leggyakoribb ízületi megbetegedés kiemelt népegészségügyi
jelentőséggel bír. Célkitűzés: A multimorbiditás hatásának
vizsgálata a funkcionális és életminőségtesztekre generalizált osteoarthrosisban
(GOA, kéz- és térdízületi osteoarthrosis együttes jelenléte) szenvedő nőkben.
Módszer: A keresztmetszeti vizsgálatba az American College
of Rheumatology (ACR) kritériumrendszere alapján klasszifikálható kéz- és
térdízületi osteoarthrosisban szenvedő betegeket vontunk be. A kontrollcsoportba
mozgásszervi szempontból panaszmentesek kerülhettek, akiknél klasszifikálható
osteoarthrosis vagy gyulladásos reumatológiai betegség gyanúja nem merült fel. A
multimorbiditást összegzett komorbiditásszámmal jellemeztük. A GOA-csoportban a
funkciót Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index (WOMAC), a
Cochin Hand Scale, Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) és a
Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ) segítségével, míg az életminőséget mindkét
csoportban EuroQol-5D Scale teszttel mértük. Elemeztük az összegzett
komorbiditásszám, az életkor és a testtömegindex (BMI) közötti kapcsolatot. Az
adatok elemzéséhez leíró statisztikai módszereket, kétmintás t-próbát és
Pearson-féle korrelációs tesztet alkalmaztunk. Eredmények: A
vizsgálati csoportokba 200-200 résztvevőt vontunk be. Szignifikáns összefüggést
mértünk mindkét vizsgálati csoportban a magasabb komorbiditásszám, a rosszabb
életminőséget jelző EuroQol-5D-értékek, az idősebb életkor (korreláció a
GOA-csoportban: 0,37, p<0,001, a kontrollcsoportban: 0,24, p<0,001) és a
nagyobb BMI-érték között (korreláció a GOA-csoportban: 0,18, p: 0,01, a
kontrollcsoportban: 0,45, p<0,001). Az összegzett komorbiditásszám emelkedése
a GOA-csoportban negatív hatással volt a funkcióra és az életminőségre.
Következtetés: Az idősebb életkor és a növekvő BMI-érték
kifejezetten erős összefüggést mutatott a multimorbiditással mindkét vizsgálati
csoportban. A kontrollcsoporthoz képest gyengébb kapcsolat igazolódott a BMI és
az összegzett komorbiditásszám között osteoarthrosisos betegek esetében. További
vizsgálat szükséges a GOA-csoportban feltételezhető eltérő összefüggések miatt.
Orv Hetil. 2020; 161(32): 1332–1340.
A diabeteses neuropathia és egyéb szövődmények előfordulása a Debreceni Egyetem Diabeteses Neuropathia Centrumában
Authors: Sztanek Ferenc , Balogh Bernadett , Molnár Ágnes , Zöld Eszter , Tóth Nóra , Jakab András Áron , Paragh György
Published: July 2020

Absztrakt:

Bevezetés: Világszerte jelentősen növekszik a cukorbetegség
előfordulása. A distalis típusú szenzomotoros polyneuropathia (DSPN) a
leggyakrabban előforduló és a legkorábban kimutatható microvascularis
szövődmény, mely változatos klinikai megjelenése és sokszor atípusos tünetei
miatt gyakran csak a cukorbetegség előrehaladott stádiumában kerül felismerésre.
Célkitűzés és módszer: Munkánk során 431 beteg adatait
dolgoztuk fel, akiket 2011 és 2018 között a Debreceni Egyetem Diabeteses
Neuropathia Centrumában vizsgáltunk Neurometer® segítségével, és
összefüggéseket kerestünk a különböző szív-ér rendszeri és microvascularis
szövődmények (retinopathia, microalbuminuria), a laboratóriumi paraméterek és a
DSPN súlyossága között. Eredmények: A betegek átlagéletkora
63,4 év, 62%-uk nő volt, 92%-uk 2-es típusú cukorbetegségben szenvedett. A
cukorbetegség fennállásának átlagos ideje 13,7 év volt. Cardiovascularis
betegség a betegek 42%-ánál volt ismert. A microvascularis szövődmények közül a
retinopathia előfordulása 12% volt, perzisztáló microalbuminuria a betegek
16%-ánál volt igazolva. A vizsgált betegek 19%-ánál a típusos DSPN-panaszok
ellenére sem tudtunk idegi károsodást kimutatni; 49%-ban enyhe fokú, 19%-ban
közepes fokú és 13%-ban súlyos fokú neuropathia volt kimutatható
Neurometer® segítségével. A cukorbetegséggel összefüggő idegi
károsodás kifejezettebb volt diabeteses retinopathia (p<0,001) és perzisztáló
microalbuminuria esetén (p<0,001), e microvascularis szövődmények
előfordulása összefüggést mutatott a DSPN súlyosságával. A cardiovascularis
szövődmények megjelenése nem mutatott korrelációt a perifériás idegkárosodás
mértékével, és nem találtunk összefüggést a DSPN súlyossági foka és a
cardiovascularis betegségek előfordulása között. Következtetés:
Eredményeink alapján a diabeteses neuropathia progressziója előre jelezheti az
egyéb microvascularis szövődmények megjelenését 2-es típusú cukorbetegségben,
adataink azonban nem mutattak összefüggést a cardiovascularis betegségek
kialakulásával. A Neurometer® segítségével végzett perifériás
idegrendszeri vizsgálat alkalmas a DSPN követésére és a neuropathia
súlyosságának megállapítására. A cardiovascularis kockázatot az autonóm
idegrendszeri funkciót vizsgáló Ewing-féle reflextesztek segítségével jobban meg
tudjuk ítélni cukorbetegeinknél. Orv Hetil. 2020; 161(30): 1243–1251.
A laparoszkópia szerepe a colitis ulcerosa kezelésében
Authors: Lázár György , Tajti Jr. János , Látos Melinda , Paszt Attila , Simonka Zsolt , Ábrahám Szabolcs , Kovách Kornél , Farkas Klaudia , Molnár Tamás
Published: July 2020

Absztrakt:

Bevezetés: A colitis ulcerosában szenvedő betegpopuláció
20–30%-a szorul élete során sebészi kezelésre. Napjainkban a proctocolectomia
ileoanalis pouch képzésével az általánosan elfogadott műtéti módszer, melynél
egyre szélesebb körben alkalmazzák a laparoszkópos technikát.
Célkitűzés: Az elmúlt 13 évben szerzett tapasztalatainkat
mutatjuk be colitis ulcerosa kezelésében a hagyományos és a minimálisan invazív
technika vonatkozásában. Módszer: 2005. január 1. és 2018.
május 31. között 89 beteg (48 nő és 41 férfi) került műtétre intézetünkben
colitis ulcerosa miatt. A betegek átlagéletkora a laparoszkópos és a nyitott
csoportban 45,06 ± 14,4, illetve 39,8 ± 13,4 év volt. Vizsgáltuk a műtétre
kerülő betegek általános állapotát, a műtéti beavatkozások korai és késői
eredményeit, különös tekintettel a szövődményekre és az életminőség
változásaira. Eredmények: Perioperatív időszakban a két csoport
ápolási napjainak számában (10,3 ± 3,3 vs. 11,2 ± 3,7) és transzfúziós igényében
(2,6 ± 2,2 vs. 2,8 ± 1,7) különbséget nem találtunk, azonban a laparoszkópos
műtéteket követően az intenzív osztályon töltött napok száma (2,1 ± 0,9 vs. 2,5
± 1,6) és a passzázs megindulásának napja (1,2 ± 0,5 vs. 1,6 ± 0,7)
szignifikánsan rövidebb volt. Hosszú távú szövődmények, mint a passzázszavar, a
septicus állapot, a posztoperatív sérvek és az „egyéb” komplikációk száma a
laparoszkópos csoportban szignifikánsan kevesebb volt. Az akut műtéteket
vizsgálva a laparoszkópia szignifikáns előnye igazolódott a műtét utáni
passzázsrendeződés napjainak kapcsán (1,2 ± 0,4 vs. 1,8 ± 0,7).
Következtetés: A colitis ulcerosa sebészi kezelésében a
minimálisan invazív technika a nyitott műtétekhez képest kedvezőbb perioperatív
eredményeket és hosszú távon jobb életminőséget biztosít, a kevesebb késői
szövődmény megjelenésének és a betegek stabilabb pszichés állapotának
következtében. Orv Hetil. 2020; 161(33): 1363–1372.
EKG-gyöngyszem: EKG a beteg hátán a COVID–19-pandémiában
Authors: Tomcsányi János
Published: July 2020

Absztrakt:

Az elhúzódó, hason történő lélegeztetés csökkenti a mortalitást akut légúti
distressz szindróma (ARDS) során és ennek kapcsán valószínűleg COVID–19 esetén
is. Habár a COVID–19 a leginkább légúti megbetegedéssel jár, számos esetben
jelentkezik cardialis diszfunkció. Ezért az EKG, illetve az EKG-monitorozás
fontos szerepet játszik a hason történő lélegeztetés esetén is. Ugyanakkor e
testhelyzetváltozásnak az EKG-ra gyakorolt hatása nem ismert. Egy egészséges, 30
éves férfi betegen a beteg hátára helyezett elektródák EKG-képe egy lezajlott
infarktus QRS-változásait utánozza a V1–3 elvezetésekben. Ennek
ismerete azért fontos, mert segítségünkre van a valóban kóros EKG-jelek
elkülönítésében. Orv Hetil. 2020; 161(26): 1103–1104.
Citokinellenes terápia az új típusú koronavírus okozta megbetegedés (COVID–19) kezelésében – tocilizumab elsőként való alkalmazása egy hazai infektológiai osztályon
Authors: Lakatos Botond , Gopcsa László , Gondos Enikő , Riczu Alexandra , Várnai Zsuzsa , Nagy Éva , Molnár Eszter , Bekő Gabriella , Bobek Ilona , Reményi Péter , Szlávik János , Sinkó János , Vályi-Nagy István
Published: July 2020

Absztrakt:

Az elmúlt hónapokban pandémiához vezető, Kínából induló, új koronavírus okozta
megbetegedés (COVID–19) rámutatott az emberiség kiszolgáltatottságára.
Aktuálisan a COVID–19 kezelésére randomizált kontrollált vizsgálattal igazolt
hatékonyságú, törzskönyvezett gyógyszer nem áll rendelkezésre. A súlyos akut
légúti tünetegyüttest okozó koronavírus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) a jelen munka írásáig – a
legóvatosabb becslések szerint is – közel 4 millió fertőzésért és megközelítőleg
300 000 halálesetért felelős. A patomechanizmus mélyebb megismerése fedte fel,
hogy a fatális esetek hátterében az immunválasz diszregulációja, a
citokinvihar-szindróma (CRS) áll. Eddigi ismereteink alapján a COVID–19-ben
kialakuló citokinvihar sarkalatos szereplője az interleukin-6 (IL6).
Esetleírások és kis betegcsoportokon végzett vizsgálatok eredményei alapján az
IL6 monoklonális antitest gátló terápia (tocilizumab) eredményesnek mutatkozik a
citokinvihar kezelésében. A szerzők egy eset leírása kapcsán foglalják össze a
legfrissebb ismereteket a COVID–19 terápiájával kapcsolatosan. A jelen
esetismertetés súlyos COVID–19-ben szenvedő betegben kialakult CRS sikeres
terápiáját mutatja be, melynek során – a szerzők tudomása szerint – hazánkban
elsőként került sor tocilizumab alkalmazására infektológiai osztályon. Orv
Hetil. 2020; 161(26): 1070–1077.
Weighted variable exponent grand Lebesgue spaces and inequalities of approximation
Authors: AYDIN İsmail , AKGÜN Ramazan
Published: July 2020

In this paper we discuss and investigate trigonometric approximation in weighted grand variable exponent Lebesgue spaces. We also prove the direct and inverse theorems in these spaces.
GROWTH OF \(\varphi\)–ORDER SOLUTIONS OF LINEAR DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS WITH MEROMORPHIC COEFFICIENTS ON THE COMPLEX PLANE
Authors: Kara Mohamed Abdelhak , Belaïdi Benharrat
Published: July 2020

In this paper, we study the growth of solutions of higher order linear differential equations with meromorphic coefficients of \(\varphi\)-order on the complex plane. By considering the concepts of \(\varphi\)-order and \(\varphi \)-type, we will extend and improve many previous results due to Chyzhykov–Semochko, Belaïdi, Cao–Xu–Chen, Kinnunen.
A NEW GENERALIZED VARENTROPY AND ITS PROPERTIES
Authors: Maadani Saeid , Mohtashami Borzadaran Gholam Reza , Rezaei Roknabadi Abdol Hamid
Published: July 2020

The variance of Shannon information related to the random variable \(X\), which is called varentropy, is a measurement that indicates, how the information content of \(X\) is scattered around its entropy and explains its various applications in information theory, computer sciences, and statistics. In this paper, we introduce a new generalized varentropy based on the Tsallis entropy and also obtain some results and bounds for it. We compare the varentropy with the Tsallis varentropy. Moreover, we explain the Tsallis varentropy of the order statistics and analyse this concept in residual (past) lifetime distributions and then introduce two new classes of distributions by them.
FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH ANABOLIC STEROID USE BY EXERCISE ENTHUSIASTS
Authors: Leite Diego Correa , Sousa Rosângela Maria Lopes de , Costa Júnior Antonio Luís Rodrigues , Veloso Helma Jane Ferreira
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACT Introduction Synthetic anabolic-androgenic steroids (AAS) were developed with the purpose of obtaining drugs capable of increasing protein synthesis associated with a lower degree of virilization. Its use is common among bodybuilders who aim to increase physical strength and muscle mass in the short term. However, AAS cause side effects, which restrict their therapeutic use. Objective To identify factors associated with AAS use by exercise enthusiasts at gyms in São Luís, MA. Methods A cross-sectional study was carried out at 17 gyms. The sample totaled 723 exercise enthusiasts, who answered a structured questionnaire with multiple choice questions related to their lifestyle and the consumption of nutritional supplements and AAS use. Logistic regression analysis was used to verify the association of socioeconomic, demographic and behavioral factors with AAS use. Results Of the 723 exercise enthusiasts, 10.65% reported having used AAS. Of these, 97.4% declared their awareness of some side effect caused by AAS use. Factors associated with AAS use were: being male, age between 20 and 29 years, consumption of food supplements and participation in exercise for over a year. Conclusion The prevalence of AAS use by exercise enthusiasts at gyms in São Luís is high, and the risk factors identified enable us to target specific populations with preventive actions. Level of Evidence IIC; Cross-sectional study.
REFERENCE VALUES FOR BALANCE IN PHYSICALLY ACTIVE ELDERLY WOMEN
Authors: Hauser Eduardo , Cardoso Fernando Luiz , Mazo Giovana Zarpellon
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACT Introduction Body balance is one of the most important factors related to falls, quality of life, and independence, and its evaluation is therefore important. Objective To establish reference values for balance tests in physically active older women from different age groups. Methods The sample consisted of 192 physically active women aged 60 to 79 years who were submitted to the following tests: timed up and go (TUG), one-leg stand (OLS), five-repetition chair stand (CS-5), functional reach (FR), and tandem stand test (TST). Descriptive statistics (percentile analysis) and the Mann-Whitney U test were used. Results In older women aged 60 to 69 years, the values indicating “good” balance were a score less than 5.7 s in the TUG, achieving 30 s of OLS, performing the CS-5 test in less than 8.5 s, and a result greater than 35.5 cm in the FR test. In older women aged 70 to 79 years, the values indicating “good” balance were a score less than 5.9 s in the TUG, achieving 30 s of OLS, performing the CS-5 in less than 8.5 s, and a result greater than 33 cm in the FR test. In the TST, most of the physically active subjects achieved the ceiling performance. Conclusion The reference values obtained are similar to or better than those reported in the literature. The use of the TST is not recommended for physically active older women because of its low discriminatory power in this group. Level of evidence III; Study of non consecutive patients; without consistently applied reference ‘‘gold’’ standard.
THE EFFECT OF COLD WATER IMMERSION ON PAIN, MUSCLE RECRUITMENT AND POSTURAL CONTROL IN ATHLETES
Authors: Pesenti Fernanda Bortolo , Silva Rubens Alexandre da , Monteiro Daniel Correa , Silva Leticia Alves da , Macedo Christiane de Souza Guerino
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACT Introduction Numerous recovery strategies have been used to minimize performance loss related to delayed onset muscle soreness in athletes, and are part of prevention programs and training of most high-level sports. Objective To analyze the effects of cold-water immersion on delayed-onset muscle soreness, muscle recruitment, and postural control in soccer players. Objective The maximum load of the quadriceps femoris muscle strength was determined. After three days, the pain scale was used to measure the subject’s pain intensity. The recruitment of the quadriceps muscle was determined at the moment of the kick, and was associated with postural control. Methods Randomized, blinded clinical trial study. Two repeated series of maximum load sets at 60% MVC, performed in a knee extension chair, were used to induce quadriceps fatigue in the athletes. Participants Twenty-eight soccer players were allocated to four intervention groups: cold water immersion (CWIG, n = 7), thermoneutral water immersion (TWIG, n = 7), active recovery (ARG, n = 7), and rest (RG, n = 7), with each intervention being carried out for ten minutes. Revaluations were carried out after 24, 48, and 72 hours of the fatigue protocol. Results Pain intensity in the CWIG returned to baseline after 72 hours, while the TWIG, ARG, and RG continued to feel greater pain. For the other outcomes, no differences were found between the groups. Conclusion With regard to muscle recruitment and postural control at the time of the kick, no significant differences were found for the time periods or intervention established. Level of evidence I; High-quality randomized clinical trial with or without statistically significant difference, but with narrow confidence intervals.
ACUTE PHYSICAL EXERCISE AND HYPERTENSION IN THE ELDERLY: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Authors: Reia Thaís Amanda , Silva Roberta Fernanda da , Jacomini André Mourão , Moreno Ana Maria Guilmo , Silva Anderson Bernardino da , Monteiro Henrique Luiz , Zago Anderson Saranz
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACT As the population ages, health conditions, including hypertension (HT), which is one of the most prevalent diseases in the elderly population, increase. Regular physical exercise has been recommended for hypertensive individuals; however, due to the variety of factors involved in exercise, different acute responses can be achieved. Accordingly, the purpose of this study was to perform a systematic review of the acute effect of physical exercise on blood pressure (BP) in elderly hypertensive patients and of its applicability to the treatment of HT. The search was performed in electronic databases available at Pubmed/Medline, Scopus and Bireme from 2008 to 2018, using the terms “acute physical exercise and hypertension and elderly”. A total of 592 articles were found, and after applying the inclusion criteria, 9 articles were selected to form the analysis. All studies evaluated the acute effect of the exercise session and the acute effect of the session after a training period in male and female hypertensive individuals aged 60 years or over. The results indicate that in spite of the heterogeneity of training methods, all intervention protocols used in these studies were effective in promoting BP reduction post exercise when compared to the control group. However, there is still a gap in the reviewed literature regarding the maintenance time of post exercise hypotension (PEH) in the elderly. This information could suggest how long individuals undergoing physical exercise would be “protected” from high blood pressure values and their health risks, and help plan physical exercise sessions at the precise time the hypotensive effect ceases to be present. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies-Investigation of treatment results.
SPORTS PARTICIPATION ASSOCIATED WITH HEALTH RISK BEHAVIORS IN ADOLESCENT ATHLETES
Authors: Campos Jhonatan Gritten , Silva Michael Pereira da , Piola Thiago Silva , Pacífico Ana Beatriz , Malta Neto Nicolau Augusto , Campos Wagner de
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACT Introduction Participation in structured sports activities is essential for the health of adolescents, since adolescence is a period in which several physical, psychological, cognitive and social changes occur, where the sense of autonomy in decision-making may prompt them to adhere to certain health risk behaviors. Objective To verify the association of sports participation with health risk behaviors in adolescent athletes. Methods A cross-sectional study with 367 athletes (15.68 ± 0.78 years) from Curitiba/PR (state of Paraná). Associated factors and health risk behaviors (HRB) were assessed using questionnaires. Poisson regression with robust variance was used to analyze factors associated with HRB, adopting p <0.05. Results Team sport was positively associated with longer TV viewing time (PR: 3.11; 95% CI: 1.13-8.58). Years of participation were positively associated with longer TV viewing (PR: 1.14, 95% CI: 1.01-1.29) and video game playing time (PR: 1.12, 95% CI: 1.01-1.25). Negative associations were found for weekly training volume in longer video game playing time (OR: 0.92, 95% CI: 0.86-0.99), low vegetable consumption (PR: 0.98, 95% CI: 0.96-0.99), and in light (PR: 0.95, 95%CI: 0.92-0.99) and excessive (PR: 0.94, 95%CI: 0.89-0.99) alcoholic consumption. Conclusion The weekly training volume favors a reduction in video game playing time, lower alcohol consumption, and increased vegetable consumption in adolescent athletes. Level of Evidence III; Diagnostic studies - Investigation of a diagnostic test; Study of non-consecutive patients, without a “gold standard” applied uniformly.
AUTONOMIC, CARDIOVASCULAR & PHYSIOLOGICAL RESPONSES IN STRENGTH TRAINING PROTOCOLS
Authors: Formalioni Andressa , Veiga Rousseau Silva da , Tuchtenhagen Aline Xavier , Cabistany Léo Dutra , Del Vecchio Fabricio Boscolo
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACT Introduction Strength training is a recurrent practice among several publics and the topic of several studies, yet there is a shortage of previous studies that analyzed these parameters in the same subjects in training sessions involving volume, interval and different repetitions maximum ranges. Objective The study was aimed at measuring and comparing the acute effect of different ST (strength training) protocols on HR (heart rate), HRV (heart rate variability), [LAC] (lactate concentration), [CK] (creatine kinase) and SPE (subjective perceived exertion). Methods Eleven individuals with previous experience were recruited and in three sessions they performed three different training models, namely: high load (4 sets at 90% of 1RM, 180s rest between sets), medium load (3 sets at 75% of 1 RM, 90s rest between sets), and low load (2 sets at 50% of 1 RM, 45s rest between sets) in free squat, bench press, deadlift and bent-over row exercises. Results There was no difference in CK between low load (resistance) and medium load (hypertrophy) (p = 0.60), between resistance and high load (strength) (p = 0.84), and between hypertrophy and strength (p = 0.91), while there was higher lactate accumulation in training with medium and low loads in comparison to training with high loads (p <0.001). Conclusion It can be noted that workouts with high loads, few repetitions and longer intervals (maximum strength) generate lower blood lactate concentrations and SPE values when compared to training with lower loads and shorter intervals (resistance training and hypertrophy). Additionally, when evaluating autonomic and cardiovascular variables, it would appear that manipulating the percentage of 1RM and the interval time does not generate significant changes in HRV, blood pressure (BP) and HR when the repetitions are executed until failure. Level of evidence II; Prospective comparative study.
IMPACTS OF COVID-19 ON THE IMMUNE, NEUROMUSCULAR, AND MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEMS AND REHABILITATION
Authors: Greve Júlia Maria D’Andréa , Brech Guilherme Carlos , Quintana Marília , Soares André Luiz de Seixas , Alonso Angelica Castilho
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACT The new coronavirus, which causes the infectious disease named COVID-19 by the World Health Organization (WHO), was notified in 2020 in China. The main clinical manifestations in infected patients are fever, cough and dyspnoea. These patients are prone to developing cardiac changes, diffuse myopathy, decreased pulmonary function, decreased inspiratory muscle strength, and a deterioration in functional capacity. Thus, it is expected that patients affected by COVID-19 will suffer musculoskeletal consequences as a result of the inflammatory process and loss of muscle mass caused by immobility, generating motor incapacities that are not yet quantifiable. It is important to understand the clinical implications caused by COVID-19, in order to have better rehabilitation strategies for these patients. The aim of this study was to conduct a reflective analysis of the impact of COVID-19 on the immune, neuromuscular and musculoskeletal systems, and its rehabilitation process. This is a reflexive analysis, developed in the Laboratory for the Study of Movement of the Institute of Orthopaedics’ and Traumatology, at the Universidade de São Paulo School of Medicine, SP, Brazil. In this analysis, we reflect on the following topics related to COVID-19: immunological mechanisms, impact on the neuromuscular and musculoskeletal systems, and the rehabilitation of patients. Level of evidence V; Opinion of the specialist.
FEEDING PRACTICES IN THE FIRST YEAR OF LIFE: CHALLENGES TO FOOD AND NUTRITION POLICIES
Authors: Tinôco Lorena dos Santos , Lyra Clélia de Oliveira , Mendes Tamires Carneiro de Oliveira , Freitas Yan Nogueira Leite de , Silva Adriana Souza da , Souza Ana Maria Silva , Ferreira Maria Ângela Fernandes
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the feeding practices for infants under one year of age, according to food and nutrition policies. Methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study based on secondary data from the Chamada Neonatal project (research on prenatal, childbirth, and infant care) in the state of Rio Grande do Norte. The sample analyzed comprised 837 mother/child (under one year of age) pairs. We found a prevalence of data on exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) in the first hour of life - partial and total -, as well as on food consumed by children 24 hours prior to the interview. We estimated the probability of consumption according to the child’s age in days using the probit analysis. Results: Among the interviewed mothers, 64.8% (95%CI 62.4-70.8) declared breastfeeding in the first hour of life, and 60% (95%CI 56.41-63.07) of the children were still breastfed at the end of their first year of life. The median duration of EBF was 63 days (95%CI 60-67). Water or tea, dairy products, fruits, and vegetables were introduced early, with medians lower than 180 days. The probit analysis revealed that the consumption of breast milk tended to decrease and food intake to increase as the child gets older, with exponential growth in the “unhealthy food” group. Conclusions: Although most children were breastfed up to one year of life, few did so exclusively. Foods were introduced early, with increased consumption of unhealthy ones, resulting in inadequate dietary quality according to recommendations from food and nutrition public policies.
Instrumento Quality of Care Scale aplicado a usuários da Rede de Cuidados à Pessoa com Deficiência: uma análise psicométrica
Authors: Dias Thalita Evaristo Couto , Friche Amélia Augusta de Lima , Lemos Stela Maris Aguiar
Published: July 2020

RESUMO Objetivo Analisar as propriedades psicométricas do instrumento Quality of Care Scale, aplicado a usuários da Rede de Cuidados à Pessoa com Deficiência. Métodos Trata-se de estudo observacional, analítico e transversal. Entrevistas com 869 usuários do componente especializado da Rede de Cuidados à Pessoa com Deficiência foram realizadas por meio de instrumentos de caracterização sociodemográfica, classificação socioeconômica e Qualidade do Cuidado autorreferida. O instrumento para investigação da Qualidade do Cuidado, Quality of Care Scale, contém 19 perguntas distribuídas entre os seguintes eixos: profissionais e atendimento, acesso, necessidades sociais e informações recebidas. Foi validado no Brasil em 2014, com amostra composta por pessoas com deficiência intelectual e física. Neste estudo, as perguntas foram conduzidas pelos pesquisadores a pessoas com deficiência intelectual, física, auditiva, visual ou múltipla. Para a análise psicométrica, foram utilizadas a Teoria de Resposta ao Item e a análise fatorial, além das medidas de validade convergente e confiabilidade. Resultados Todos os itens foram relevantes e com discriminação aceitável para formação dos constructos de primeira ordem (eixos da Qualidade do Cuidado) e segunda ordem (indicador Qualidade do Cuidado), exceto um item de informações recebidas, que foi retirado do modelo final, por ter apresentado carga fatorial baixa. Os constructos apresentaram níveis exigidos de confiabilidade, validação convergente e ajuste adequados. Conclusão A análise psicométrica do instrumento Quality of Care Scale revelou que o modelo final apresentado neste trabalho pode ser ampliado para medir a Qualidade do Cuidado ofertada a pessoas com deficiência intelectual, auditiva, física, visual ou múltipla, usuários da Rede de Cuidados à Pessoa com Deficiência.
Análise comparativa do vocabulário expressivo de crianças nascidas pré-termo e a termo
Authors: Souza Ana Carla Filgueira de Souza e , Silva Luciana Lyra Casais-e , Sena Eduardo Pondé de
Published: July 2020

RESUMO Objetivo Comparar o desempenho de crianças nascidas pré-termo e a termo na avaliação do vocabulário expressivo. Métodos A avaliação do vocabulário foi realizada por meio do ABFW – Teste de Linguagem Infantil, em 40 crianças, na faixa etária de 2 a 4 anos, sendo 20 nascidas pré-termo e 20 nascidas a termo, pareadas conforme idade e sexo. Foram aplicados os testes estatísticos pertinentes, adotando-se o nível de significância menor que 5%. Resultados Observou-se diferença estatística entre o grupo pré-termo e a termo nas designações por vocábulos usuais nos campos conceituais: vestuário, móveis e utensílios e profissões; nas não designações, nos campos: profissões e locais e nos processos de substituição nos campos vestuário, profissões, locais, formas e cores. Conclusão Sugere-se uma possível relação entre o nascimento prematuro e dificuldades no desenvolvimento do vocabulário. Destaca-se a importância da intervenção precoce nesses casos, a fim de evitar ou minimizar repercussões no desenvolvimento da linguagem e na fase escolar.