bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Impact of Hydrogen Sulfide Scavenger Residuals on the Fluorescence Behaviour of OiW Discharges from Gas-Condensate Production
Authors: Lehmann Marc , Vamvounis George , Bloom Sarah , Prout Jake , Gordon-Wright Henry , Das Sambit
Published: October 2022

The oil-in-water (OiW) contaminants in produced water discharges arising from offshore oil and gas production systems are required by global regulatory bodies to be monitored in order to limit the environmental impacts of such releases. The level of these contaminants is commonly measured using online analyzers that utilize UV fluorescence to target the luminescent properties of OiW components.

It is known that the nature and variability of the fluorophores in the OiW fractions may influence the response of these type of analyzers. In particular these readings can also be affected by chemical residuals used in oil and gas treatment, that may also be present in the produced water. This study reports on the impact of the reaction products of a monoethanolamine based hydrogen sulfide scavenger, used in gas treatment to remove hydrogen sulfide (H2S), on the fluorescence behavior of OiW discharges, and its implications on the OiW reporting levels that may be expected from deep-UV and near-UV based analyzers.
Reservoir Souring Study for De-Risking A Deep Water Subsea Green Field Development
Authors: Kamarul Zaman Nur Hazrina , Johar Zurita , A Salam Irzie Hani Bt A Salam , Sahrudin M Kamal B Sahrudin , A Raub M Razib , Foo Mei Fen
Published: October 2022

The paper discusses on reservoir souring study in a deep water subsea green field as a result of seawater injection. The objectives are to determine likelihood, timing of reservoir souring to happen and amount of expected produced H2S. Offshore deep water development involves considerable CAPEX investment hence reservoir souring requires to be assessed in order to make techno-commercial judgement involving formulating the field development plan, upfront identification of prevention & mitigation strategy, operating strategy and project economics.

The study started by performing data gathering involving among others field information, PVT, mineralogy, water analysis data, and production and injection profile. Subsequently, 2D reservoir modelling and 3D reservoir modelling was built. Sensitivities cases were run by varying the injection rate, nutrient loading, rock abstraction capacity, sulphate content, injection temperature and bacteria growth time. This is followed by sensitivity analyses for mitigation options using biocide injection, nitrate injection, H2S scavenging and sulphate removal in the field. Based on the results obtained, prevention and mitigation strategy has been evaluated and ranked followed by comparison with nearby analogue fields.

The modelling results of all scenarios indicate that reservoir souring will happen in the field and beyond HSE safety limit. For some scenarios, the H2S partial pressure exceeds NACE limit before end of field life, hence requiring team to re-evaluate material selection options. Water injection rate and rock abstraction capacity have the largest impact to the H2S breakthrough time. Sensitivity analyses for mitigation options have been conducted based on consideration of having options of biocide injection, nitrate injection, H2S scavenging and sulphate removal in the field. Biocide injection does not have considerable effects on H2S level. Nitrate injection only partially reduces H2S generation mainly due to high nutrient content in the reservoir and high sulphate content in the injected seawater. On the other hand, sulphate removal analyses indicate its effectiveness in preventing reservoir from becoming sour. The outcome of the study is then incorporated in the field development plan and operating strategy.

The paper highlighted comprehensive step by step approach to understand reservoir souring potential in a deep water development via 2D and 3D modelling approach. This can be included as an important procedure in field development especially involving high CAPEX development whereby critical decision making need to be made upfront. In addition, benchmarking, and learnings from nearby deep water fields help to identify best preventive and remedial option for reservoir souring.
Near-Wellbore Damage Associated with Formation Dry-Out and Fines Migration During CO2 Injection
Authors: Alchin Liam , Lymn Andre , Russell Thomas , Badalyan Alexander , Bedrikovetsky Pavel , Zeinijahromi Abbas
Published: October 2022

One of the key parameters for subsurface CO2 storage in well injectivity. There are multiple factors that can affect injection rate including formation dry-out, fines migration, and salt precipitation that can increase or decrease the injectivity. In this study, we experimentally investigated the cumulative effect of rock drying-out and fines migration on well injectivity for a formation in the Cooper – Eromanga Basin, South Australia.

Four core plugs with a range of clay content and permeability were chosen from the formation. Each core was fully saturated with artificially made formation water to measure initial permeability. The core samples were then subjected to a constant flow of gas (air or CO2) at reservoir pressure for up to 185,000 PVI. The effluent fluid was sampled continuously to measure the concentration of solid particles produced from the core during gas injection. The tests were followed by injection of formation water to eliminate the salt precipitation effect and then DI water to identify the maximum possible formation damage in each core sample.

Overall injectivity increased significantly during continuous injection of CO2or air into fully saturated core samples despite permeability damage due to fines migration. Fines migration was observed during gas injection, resulting in a pressure drop increase across the cores and fine release at the core outlet. 30-60% reduction of core permeabilities were observed during connate water evaporation. The damaging effect of fines migration on injection rate was negligible compared to 4-30 times pressure drop decrease due to reduction in liquid saturation.
Alleviating Directional Well Trajectory Problems via Data Analytics
Authors: Clayton Luke Michael , Lee Ming Hwa , Salmachi Alireza
Published: October 2022

A consistent leading cause of drilling non-productive time (NPT) is the inability to steer the planned well trajectory trouble-free. Separate from downhole tool and drill bit failures, an unplanned trip to change the Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA) is required for up to one in every seven drilling runs. Root cause analyses indicate potentially a quarter of all drilling NPT has poor planning or field execution as the failure mechanism, signifying scope for improvement. This paper aims to help guide optimal selection of RSS/motor and bit, to ensure challenging wellpaths will be achieved with minimal NPT associated with BHA trips.

Directional drilling analysis typically compares dogleg severity (DLS) for planned and actual trajectory. This metric is fundamentally direction-blind; absolute tortuosity is represented whether planned or unintentional. Without full context, DLS analysis can mask many steering issues. Typically, industry software does not measure how closely the steering inputs match their anticipated responses during a run. Strategic management and identification of zones with erratic toolface control, or strong formation/BHA tendencies is critical.

The proposed ‘derived steering’ analytics method was applied to plan demanding 3D trajectories for an Extended Reach offshore campaign in Australia. Existing minimum curvature equations were repurposed to plot previous runs steering inputs and then infer efficiencies for each formation. Supervision was essential to counteract strong consistent right-hand BHA walk tendency for all the variety of wells studied. Multiple NPT events on previous campaigns had resulted from poor steering response in the shallow interbedded geology.

In view of quantifiable field-specific risks, wellplans were refined to minimize tortuosity and maximize the design safety factor. The combination of highest anticipated dogleg response rotary steerable technology and bit selection was selected for steering assurance. Modelled tendencies per lithology were shared with wellsite supervisors, and recent drilling results essentially mimicked data analytics.

Others operating in this field in the 21st century had drilled total meterage of 36,740m MD from 83 runs. Bit Gradings showed two ‘Lost in Holes’, one ‘Drill String Failure’, six trips for ‘Downhole Tool Failures’, seven for ‘Penetration Rate’, six to ‘Change BHA’, two for ‘Hole Problems’ and one for ‘Downhole Motor Failure’. The current campaign's improved directional drilling offset analysis contributed towards significant avoidance of well delivery NPT to drill 28,061m in 34 runs. No trips were required to change BHA or bit because of inability to follow the trajectory, and field teams were able to pre-empt lithology-specific challenges.
A New Sustainable Self-Healing System; Autonomous Repair for Glass Reinforced Epoxy Liner for Water Injector Tubing
Authors: Aba NorFarah Diana , Samsudin Mohd Shamsul Farid , Zakaria Muzdalifah , Mohammed Nor Azmi , Varley Russell , Zhang Jane
Published: October 2022

Often in the water injector (WI) system with liners, the "unseen" damage such as micro scratch is very difficult to be detected, and these micro scratches, when not detected will eventually become a major damage. Employing self-healing technology in the liner will ensure that the minor damage will be healed autonomously during operation, subsequently preventing further major damage. The in-situ healing of the damages is one of the amazing criteria offered by this technology. The integrity of the WI system is eventually assured, prolonging the service life of the materials and avoiding unnecessary expensive inspection and maintenance. In this present work, self-healing technology has been developed for the epoxy-based materials used in glass-reinforced (GRE) liner system for WI tubing. The novel self-healing additives were synthesized using a facile synthesis method and have been proven to be able to potentially replace the expensive rare-earth based catalyst, hence making the commercial step viable.

The metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) microcapsules self-healing in the epoxy-based liner system demonstrated successful autonomous healing efficiency at elevated temperatures as examined using a 3D-profilometer, with a healing efficiency of more than 80%. The system with the self-healing additives was able to recover the barrier performance of the liner, up to 98% efficiency as shown by the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) assessment. In addition to that, within 2 hours of healing activation by temperature, the samples with the self-healing additives were able to autonomously heal, reaching more than 50% healing efficiency. Moreover, this self-healing system was able to heal a damage width of up to 700µm, for more than 80% healing efficiency. It is worth mentioning that the healing ability remained functional even though the samples had been exposed to harsh conditions for 1000 hours. The healing agent particularly contained in the microcapsules remains intact and stable throughout the stability study, hence suggesting a robust self-healing system. This finding shows the possibility of this technology to provide a sustainable production of self-healing additives for a liner in water injector's well, hence potentially improving the integrity of the materials.
Applying Data Analytics & Machine Learning Methods for Recovery Factor Prediction and Uncertainty Modelling
Authors: Kumar Munish , Swaminathan Kanna , Rusli Aizat , Thomas-Hy Abel
Published: October 2022

The estimation of recoverable hydrocarbons, or field recovery factor (RF), is a critical process for Oil and Gas (O&G) companies to plan and optimise field development, manage ongoing production and identify profitable investments amongst other technical and commercial decisions. However, RF remains one of the greatest uncertainties in O&G projects.

The difficulty in RF prediction arises due to the number of variables affecting the recovery from a reservoir. These includes variables that are both uncertain and beyond the control of O&G operators, such as fluid flow in microscopic pores, as a function of fluid and rock properties, and variables which are engineering design based, such as completion methods, secondary and tertiary recovery mechanisms. In early field life, insufficient production data coupled with subsurface uncertainty makes RF prediction uncertain, and it is often the experience of the operator combined with analogue studies that is used to determine RF. However, there may be instances where operators may have insufficient data from analogue fields to properly capture the uncertainty in the RF range.

Utilising techniques of big data manipulation and machine learning (ML), two open-source, United States based data sets are (a) deconstructed to identify the key variables impacting the ultimate recovery of a field, and (b) used to create a ML model to predict the RF based on these key variables. These two datasets (the onshore Tertiary Oil Recovery System (TORIS), and the offshore Gulf of Mexico (GOM)) consist of over 1,000,000 real world data points.

Employing a low code environment, we test the predictive ability of 20 different ML algorithms by comparing predictive error. Decision tree type models (Random Forest and Category Boosting) show the best results. The paper shows comparison to a distance based (K Neighbour) model as well.

The work aims to show that not all variables influence RF equally and that any ML model should therefore be built with variables that have the greatest influence on RF yet have the lowest pairwise correlation. The influence of these input variables differs, depending on the implemented ML model.

The paper demonstrates the predictive ability of ML models is strongly dependent on the input dataset. Predicting the recovery factor of fields within the TORIS and GOM databases, the R2 values are 0.81 and 0.88 respectively. Testing the algorithm on three additional fields outside of the two datasets, and in different geological provinces showed errors of up to 10-15%.
Understanding Source, Genesis and Spatio-Temporal Distribution of CO2 off the coast of Sarawak, Offshore Malaysia : An Integrated Approach
Authors: Masoudi Rahim , Nayak Satyabrata , Panting Alexander Tarang Patrick , B M Diah M Amri , Shah Jamari M , Ismail Ts. Hijreen Bt , Hoesni M Jamaal , Razak M Shafiq , Ahmad Nur Asyikin
Published: October 2022

A regional CO2 concentration and risk maps have been generated for the Sarawak Basin using an integrated G&G and model-based approach. Detailed petroleum system modeling with number of scenarios encompassing critical parameter uncertainties is carried out. The extensive 3D petroleum system model carried out is critical in understanding generation, migration of hydrocarbon and CO2 as well as inter relation between the above two. This approach has significant advantage over traditional geostatistical method in extrapolation of observed data to predict CO2 concentration away from the control points. Apart from basin model detailed analysis of presence of CO2 in relation to temperature, tectonic features (faults lineaments) nature of the trap, pore pressure are carried out to identify and validate possible CO2 sources. This comprehensive study is the primary building block for generating a predictive model for CO2 distribution and possible adaptation in the prediction of other contaminants in the region.
Numerical Modeling of Hydrate Particle Deposition in Pipes With Diameter Reduction
Authors: Wang Zhiyuan , Ma Nan , Zhang Jianbo , Pei Jihao , Tong Shikun , Sun Baojiang
Published: October 2022

High-pressure and low-temperature conditions in deepwater gas production and transportation may cause severe hydrate blockage. At present, the research on hydrate migration and deposition primarily focuses on through-diameter pipes, and there are very few related studies on pipes with diameter reduction. In this study, we used the computational fluid dynamics (CFD)-discrete element coupling method. Considering the interaction between hydrate particles, particles and the pipe wall, and particles and fluid, this study establishes a 3D pipe model under different reducing ratios, simulates the migration and deposition law, and reveals the migration and deposition mechanism of hydrate particles at the reduced diameter of pipes. The results revealed that the reduced diameter affected the flow field distribution, led to the emergence of an eddy zone, which strongly hindered migration, and quickly led to the deposition of hydrate particles. Additionally, this study also investigated the effects of gas velocity, reducing ratio, particle diameter, particle generation rate, and flow direction on the deposition efficiency of hydrate particles at the reduced diameters of pipes. Finally, the calculation formula for the eddy zone at the reduced diameter of the pipe was obtained via regression. The equivalent deposition ratio (EDR*) was proposed as a new parameter to characterize the influence of reduced diameter on hydrate particle deposition and provides a new correlation calculation method for it. The results of this study can provide a valuable reference for the efficient control and design of hydrates.
Challenges in Facilitating Online Teaching for Secondary Education during the Covid-19 Pandemic, based on a case study in Sri Lanka.
Authors: de Silva Arosha , de Silva Arosha
Published: October 2022

This research aims to evaluate the challenges in facilitating online teaching for secondary education during the Covid-19 pandemic based on a case study in the western province of Sri Lanka. With the pandemic, teachers had to face many challenges concerning online teaching, as they were unprepared for the remote teaching process that was to follow. For this research, teachers were able to give an account of their experiences, challengers and the sacrifices that had to be made in adapting to this new method of teaching. A mixed method of data collection and analysis was used in this research, as both quantitative and qualitative methods in combination would provide a better understanding of research problem enhancing the validity of the results. Through the findings of this research, it was revealed thatmost schools and its teachers had embraced online teaching in the midst of the many challengers during Covid-19. Thereby it is vital that measures are taken to overcome and to mitigate the effects these challenges faced in online teaching, making it possible for teachers to deliver an online education for students that is on par with other technologically advanced education system.
Does economic freedom improve FDI inflow in Sub-Saharan Africa?
Authors: Dia Ibrahima , Ondoa Henri Atangana
Published: October 2022

This study aims to examine the effect of economic freedom on foreign direct investment (FDI) in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). This study focuses on the SSA region and takes into account the effect of the five components of the Fraser Institute's economic freedom index on FDI. To this end, we employed a panel data analysis in 37 countries over the period 2000-2018 by using two-stage least squares regression (2SLS) to deal with the endogeneity issue. We measure FDI by the net annual flow of inward FDI as a percentage of GDP in SSA. We find that economic freedom, legal system and security of property rights, freedom to trade internationally, and regulation of business, labour and credit markets encourage FDI flow in SSA. However, the size of government and sound money have positive sign but it is insignificant. The results are robust when we replaced the dependent variable FDI inflow with FDI inflow per capita.
JEL classifications : P16, O43, F21, F23, O55,
Acknowledging Indigenous-specific racism within Canadian Nursing: An Integrative Review
Authors: Walizada Astera , Graham Holly , de Padua Anthony
Published: October 2022

Background
Historically, nurses and the nursing discipline have participated in perpetuating colonial harms and assimilative policies towards the Indigenous peoples of Canada. Thus, the nursing profession has been complacent and at times complicit in their actions that have resulted in Indigenous-specific racism. The purpose of the paper is to highlight how Canadian nursing practice is contributing to ongoing colonial policies and how this perpetuates the current Indigenous health disparities, and to offer suggestions to be integrated into nursing practice.
Method
Whittemore and Knafl's integrative review methodology was used for this review. Sixteen sources fitting predetermined criteria found on the databases CINAHL, Medline, ProQuest Nursing & Allied Health Premium, Google Scholar, and Google were assessed and analyzed.
Results
There are multiple ways nursing is currently involved in colonial harms and contributing to Indigenous-specific racism in healthcare. The suggested interventions to address these harms are identified and grouped into themes. They are Indigenous-specific racism in nursing academia, Indigenous-specific racism in nursing practice, and organizational and systemic recommendations.
Conclusion
Despite progress and efforts made by nursing, the current health care system continues to reflect the legacy of colonialism for Indigenous peoples. Therefore, the nursing discipline needs to re-examine current nursing practice and begin a systemic approach to dismantle Indigenous-specific racism.
Time Series Modeling of Road Traffic Crashes in Himalayan States of India
Authors: Yadav Bibek , Hossain Moazzem
Published: October 2022

Road Traffic Accidents in India are increasing at a high rate due to the large percentage of slow-moving vehicles and the absence of proper traffic management systems. In hilly regions, the road accident scenario is further gloomy due to narrow roads, steep slopes, hairpin bends, and a valley or river on one side of the roads. Various elements contribute to accidents in a hilly location, and it's important to understand how these factors interact. Road crash time forecasting was done for accidents that took over three years. Auto-regressive Integrated Moving Averages (ARIMA) models were applied to the collected data, and an Eighty-four (84) month forecast was based made based on the fitted models. Based on the results of this study, the rate of road accidents is expected to decrease in Nagaland and Meghalaya, while increases in Sikkim and Manipur are constant for at least the next seven years. It was found that the incidence of road accidents in Nagaland, Manipur, Meghalaya, Sikkim, and Jammu &Kashmir can be fitted ARIMA (0,1,1) (1,1,0) [12], ARIMA (0,1,1) (0,1,0) [12], ARIMA (0,1,1) (0,1,0) [12], ARIMA (0,1,1) (0,1,0) [12] and (0,1,1) (0,1,0) [12] respectively. Remedial measures are suggested to implement improved policies and close monitoring of road traffic systems. This study provides information that could be useful for determining road accident rates in those states and would be used for providing important information to extend awareness concerning road safety.
All-optical organic photochemical integrated nanophotonic memory: lossless, continuously-tunable, non-volatile
Authors: Bilodeau Simon , Doris Eli , Wisch Jesse , Gui Manting , Rand Barry , Shastri Bhavin , Prucnal Paul
Published: October 2022

Controlling changes in the optical properties of photonic devices allows photonic integrated circuits (PICs) to perform useful functions, leading to a breadth of applications in communications, computing, and sensing. Many mechanisms to change optical properties exist, but few allow doing so in a reversible, non-volatile manner. This leads to power inefficiency in reconfigurable circuits and requires external memory elements. In this work, we propose and experimentally demonstrate reversible, non-volatile phase actuation of a silicon nitride PIC with thermally-stable photochromic organic molecules. The use of a high-core-index platform allows, for the first time, the photochemical actuation of a planar-resonator-based photonic memory unit, which enables high performance and permits integrated spectroscopic analysis. We show novel properties of this all-optical memory for a silicon photonics platform, including complete transparency in the optical C-band, as well as first-order photokinetics of the photoconversion that lead to bidirectional scalable switching rates and continuous tuning. Such features are critical for memories in analog applications, such as quantum, microwave, and neuromorphic photonics, where low loss and precision are paramount.
Better Inter-Disciplinary Education through a Pedagogy of Translanguaging
Authors: Kelley Brit , Schuster Kristen
Published: October 2022

The work of Digital Humanities has evolved into an interdisciplinary exploration of media, technology and culture. Adding to this unique discipline are the ever-more global and multicultural composition of students at institutions of higher education throughout the U.K. Given this more global context, it is becoming crucial for Digital Humanities departments to find effective ways to make meaning across various languages, cultures, and educational backgrounds. In response to this context, we propose a pedagogy of translanguaging. The goal behind this pedagogy is to better include an ever-more global student cohort for deeper learning and research. Our paper will explore data collected through focus groups and highlight areas where students and staff acknowledge the possibilities of translingual practice. We will also simultaneously evaluate perceived and actual barriers limiting the full enactment of these practices. Ultimately, we provide a list of recommendations for developing more equitable and accessible programs of study for the ever-more global student cohorts in U.K. higher education.
Natural plant diet impacts phenotypic expression of pyrethroid resistance in Anopheles mosquitoes
Authors: Paré Prisca S. L. , Hien Domonbabele F. D. S. , Bayili Koama , Yerbanga Rakiswende S. , Cohuet Anna , Carrasco David , Guissou Edwige , Gouagna Louis-Clément , Yameogo Koudraogo B. , Diabaté Abdoulaye , Ignell Rickard , Dabiré Roch K. , Lefèvre Thierry , Gnankiné Olivier
Published: October 2022

Success in reducing malaria transmission through vector control is threatened by insecticide resistance in mosquitoes. Although the proximal molecular mechanisms and genetic determinants involved are now relatively well documented, little is known about the influence of the environment on the phenotypic expression of mosquito resistance to insecticides. In particular, the extent to which mosquito plant feeding affects the phenotypic expression of insecticide resistance remains unknown. To assess the effect of plant diet on the response of mosquitoes to insecticides, larvae from the predominant vector, Anopheles gambiae sensu latowere collected in southwestern Burkina Faso and reared until adulthood. Following emergence, adults were fed with one of four treatment (5% glucose solution, nectariferous flowers of Barleria lupulina, nectariferous flowers of Cascabela thevetia and a combination of both plants Barleria lupulina + Cascabela thevetia). WHO standard tube tests were performed with 0.05% and 0.5% deltamethrin. The measured end-point parameters were knockdown rate (KD) and the 24 h mosquito mortality. Following the bioassays, DNA was extracted from each mosquito individual for PCR identification of the siblings of the An. gambiae complex and determination of the kdr genotypic and allelic frequencies. Plant diet significantly influenced mosquito KD rate at both concentrations of deltamethrin. Following exposure to 0.05% deltamethrin, the Barleria lupulina diet induced a 2.5 fold-decrease in mosquito mortality compared to the 5% glucose treatment. The molecular data confirmed the predominance of An. gambiae (60% of the samples) over An. coluzzii and An. arabiensis. The kdr mutation L1014F displayed a high allelic frequency of 0.75 and, as expected, it was positively associated with increased resistance to deltamethrin. Plant diet, particularly B. lupulina, appears to increase the susceptibility of mosquitoes to insecticides. The finding that B. lupulina-fed control individuals (i.e., not exposed to deltamethrin)also displayed increased 24 h mortality suggests that plant-mediated effects may be driven by direct effect of plant diet on mosquito survival rather than indirect effects through interference with insecticide-resistance mechanisms. Thus, some plant species may weaken mosquitoes, making them less vigorous and more vulnerable to the insecticide. There is a need for further investigation, using a wider range of plant species and insecticides, in combination with other relevant environmental factors, to better understand the expression and evolution of insecticide resistance
Effects and mechanisms of resveratrol on the adhesion of Lactobacillus acidophilus NCFM
Authors: Yuan Yanan , Zhang Xinyue , Pan Siyi , Xu Xiaoyun , Wu Ting
Published: October 2022

Based on the adhesion and surface properties of Lactobacillus acidophilus NCFM, five common polyphenols in fruits and vegetables were screened, and the reasons for resveratrol promoting adhesion were systematically explained. The effects of resveratrol, epicatechin, quercetin, hesperidin and caffeic acid on adhesion and surface properties of NCFM were evaluated. The results showed that resveratrol could significantly enhance NCFM adhesion to mucin, followed by epicatechin, caffeic acid and hesperidin, while quercetin had a certain degree of inhibition. The effects of these polyphenols on surface hydrophobicity and auto-aggregation of NCFM were consistent with adhesion results. Then, how resveratrol promotes NCFM adhesion was further explored. The results of proteomic analysis showed that resveratrol changed the surface layer proteins of NCFM, involving changes in the relative abundance of 16 proteins. In addition, resveratrol promoted the expression of mucin genes and the glycosylation mucins on the HT-29 cell surface. Our results indicate that resveratrol changes the surface layer proteins of NCFM to modify surface properties and adhere to mucins. Meanwhile resveratrol promotes expression and glycosylation of mucins in HT-29 cells. Our findings provide theoretical support for an in-depth explanation of the interaction among resveratrol, NCFM and the HT-29 cells.
Single charge regime electrodynamic force measuring in solution by upconversion photonic force microscope
Authors: Shan Xuchen , Ding Lei , Wen Shihui , Chen Chaohao , Wang Dajing , Zhu Hongyan , Nie Peng , Lu Xunyu , Wang Shen , Zhong Xiaolan , Su Qian , Liu Baolei , Lu Jie , Reece Peter , Chang Lingqian , Jin Dayong , Wang Fan
Published: October 2022

Precise force measurement is critical to probing biological events and physics processes, spanning from molecular motor’s motion to the Casimir effect1 and the detection of gravitational wave2. Yet, despite extensive technology developments, the 3D nanoscale measurement of weak forces in aqueous solutions poses a significant challenge. Techniques that rely on the optically trapped nanoprobe are beset with difficulties, including low light scattering for force measuring and high localization error from their Brownian motion. Here, we report the measurement of the long-distance electrodynamic force on single nanocrystals suspended in aqueous solution with only 11 net charges. To achieve this, we develop an upconversion photonic force microscope that encompasses a diffraction-limited tracking-based force sensing theory and the advance of lanthanide ion resonance force probe3,4. The tracking method is based on neural network empowered super-resolution localization, where the position of force probe is extracted from the optical astigmatism modified point spread functon(PSF), enabling the measurement of trap stiffness for nanoparticles through equipartition theorem with a force sensitivity down to 592.9 attoNewtons (aN), that is, 5 times lower than the reported best sensitivity value5. We further demonstrate that the technology can measure a single nanocrystal's electrophoresis force and zeta potential, experimentally verifying Loeb's empirical relationship. This work offers new opportunities for detecting single-charge dynamics over long-distance and sub-cellular single molecular level biomechanical force.
Orientierungen Jugendlicher auf sexuelle Grenzverletzungen mittels digitaler Medien
Authors: Budde Jürgen , Witz Christina , Böhm Maika
Published: October 2022

Sexuelle Repräsentationen, Normen, Werte und Praktiken sind eng verknüpft mit jeweils spezifischen historischen und kulturellen Kontexten. Im Laufe der sexuellen Sozialisation und in Auseinandersetzung mit gesellschaftlichen Sexualnormen und Werte bildet sich eine sexuelle Identität als Mischung aus individuellen Begehrensstrukturen, sexualitätsbezogenen Haltungen und Einstellungen. Durch Digitalisierung haben sich die sexuellen Sozialisationsbedingungen von Jugendlichen in den vergangenen Jahrzehnten in hohem Tempo verändert. Digitale Medien werden genutzt, um sexuelle Interaktionen und Kommunikation online zu gestalten. Doch erweitern sich nicht nur Möglichkeitsräume für selbstbestimmte Sexualität, sondern auch Risiken durch sexuelle Grenzverletzungen. Ein besonderes Phänomen ist das sogenannte Sexting, also der einvernehmliche Austausch selbstproduzierter freizügiger Bilder. Noch gibt es im deutschen Sprachraum allerdings kaum empirische Daten darüber, wie Sexting von Jugendlichen erlebt und genutzt wird, ebenso existieren nur wenige, überwiegend quantitative Studien zu den Erfahrungen Jugendlicher mit nicht-konsensuellem Sexting. Ziel dieses Beitrags ist es, basierend auf den Befunden einer rekonstruktiven Interviewstudie zu einer Differenzierung des Diskurses um Sexting und die damit einhergehenden geschlechtsbezogenen Zuschreibungen beizutragen. Dazu wird zunächst der Stand der Forschung dargestellt, bevor die dem Beitrag zugrunde liegende Studie vorgestellt wird. Anhand der dokumentarischen Analyse von Gruppendiskussionen werden Einblicke in die Orientierungen von Schüler:innen gegeben. Besonderes Augenmerk liegt auf der Rekonstruktion der Orientierungen Jugendlicher auf Normalität und Geschlecht. Es lassen sich mit den «Experimentierenden», den «Kritisch-Reflexiven» sowie den «Abstinenten» drei relationale Typen differenzieren, die im Fazit in Bezug auf Normalitätskonstruktionen und Geschlechterdimensionen dargestellt werden.
The impact of indicators of macroeconomic stability on the destructive manifestation of Covid-19 in Ukraine
Authors: Kashcha Mariia , Dun Vadym
Published: October 2022

This article summarizes the arguments and counterarguments in the framework of the scientific discussion on the problem of identifying, using the Granger test, the components of macroeconomic stability of Ukraine most sensitive to the destructive impact of Covid-19. The study’s primary goal is to select from among many macroeconomic indicators precisely those that cause epidemiological surges in morbidity and mortality of the population using the example of the Covid-19 pandemic. The systematization of literary sources and approaches to solving the problem of finding determinants that affect the course of the pandemic shows many views among the scientists of the world. Still, they do not establish a single opinion. The study of the topic of identifying the influence of indicators of macroeconomic stability on the destructive impact of the pandemic in work is carried out in the following logical sequence: 1) systematization of literary sources according to the topic of the study; 2) creation of a statistical database that meets the requirements of the chosen methods; 3) bringing the obtained time series to a comparative form and achieving their stationarity; 4) conducting a two-sided test to identify causality. The methodological tools of the research methods were the Dickey-Fuller test for detecting a unit root and stationarity of a series, ways to achieve stationarity of a series using different methods, and a two-sided Granger test for detecting the causality of indicators. The object of the study is Ukraine; the term of the study is the beginning of the pandemic from February 2020 to December 2021. The article presents the results of an empirical analysis of the identification of the components of macroeconomic stability of Ukraine most sensitive to the destructive impact of Covid-19, which showed that such indicators exist and the causal relationship exists in both directions. The study empirically confirms and theoretically proves that the most influential factors are the consumer price index and inflation, which cause the variability of the number of infected and deaths in Ukraine. The study results can help create regional and national patterns of resistance to the destructive impact of the pandemic on macroeconomic stability.
The formation and stages of development of interstate activities of the Heydar Aliyev Foundation
Authors: Ibragimov Zaur S.
Published: October 2022

Since the founding of the Heydar Aliyev Foundation in 2004, this institution has been actively involved in large-scale international cultural relations. The purpose of creating this fund was to preserve and popularize the legacy of the national leader of the Azerbaijani people, Heydar Aliyev, to convey the truth about Azerbaijan to the world community, and to familiarize with its history, culture, and spiritual values. The purpose of this article is to determine the stages of formation and development of the Heydar Aliyev Foundation, to analyze the directions of its multi-vector activity and to justify the role of the Foundation in forming a positive image of independent Azerbaijan. Along with general logical methods, the methods of political monitoring, content analysis, historical and comparative analysis are used, which make it possible to highlight the complex of activities carried out by the Fund and to forecast the trends of its further activity. Since the foundation of the Foundation, important projects have been developed and successfully implemented to protect the welfare of the Azerbaijani people, protect their national heritage and moral values. The Heydar Aliyev Foundation, paying special attention to the expansion of cooperation with Islamic countries in the field of science and culture, ensured the achievement of the highest level of development of relations between Azerbaijan and the Islamic Organization for Education, Science and Culture. The Heydar Aliyev Foundation paid serious attention to the expansion of cooperation within the framework of the UN, which resulted in the adoption of the Program on creating conditions for the use of information and communication technologies by people with visual impairments. According to the results of the research, it was established that the Heydar Aliyev Foundation, in cooperation with the government, parliament and the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, plays the role of one of the effective means of implementing the foreign policy, social, humanitarian, political, economic and cultural strategy of Azerbaijan. The Foundation was able to form a positive image of Azerbaijan on an international scale, establishing constructive cooperation in all spheres, both with individual states and with influential international and regional organizations.
Empowering human resources to achieve the strategic goals of business companies
Authors: Hazem Firwana , Sharif Firwana
Published: October 2022

The study aimed to identify the impact of human resources empowerment in achieving the strategic goals of business companies in the Gaza Strip. The researcher chose three dimensions of empowerment, and after reviewing the scientific references and previous scientific studies that dealt with the subject to measure their role in achieving the strategic goals of business companies. The study reached a few results, the most important of which are: The study showed that the level of importance of (information sharing, freedom and independence, work teams) in business companies in the Gaza Strip was high, and this can be explained by the importance of each of the dimensions of employee empowerment, and thus is reflected in the achievement of strategic goals. The study showed that the freedom and independence of workers in business companies in the Gaza Strip was moderate, and this is because the management of these companies gives freedom and independence to the employee to act in situations that confront them during their work, but it is not absolutely free, due to the sensitivity and importance of private work. The study came out with several recommendations, the most prominent of which were: Increasing the principle of freedom and independence and making more spaces available for employees, especially those on the front lines. Attention must be paid when forming work teams that their role should be to achieve the general goals of the company in general, and to reach the strategic goals in particular. Intensifying and deepening the effective and efficient sharing of information between the various administrative levels, and urging workers and employees to the principle of innovation at work in line with the nature and mission of the company.
Varietal Differences Among the Fruit Quality Characteristic of 15 Spine Grapes (Vitis davidii Foëx)
Authors: Zhang Xiaoli , Liu Qiang , Niu Shengyang , Liu Chonghuai , Fan Xiucai , Zhang Ying , Sun Lei , Jiang Jianfu
Published: October 2022

Spine grape (Vitis davidii Foëx), an important wild grape species in South China, has gained attention because of its health-promoting effects and use in the wine industry. Fruit quality plays an important role in determining the quality of wine; however, a suitable evaluation system to monitor its fruit quality has not been established. The fruit quality characteristics (phenolics and aromas) of 15 spine grapes grown in China were evaluated using a combination of principal component and cluster analyses. The total sugar, organic acid, and phenolic content ranged from 81.80 to 154.89 mg·g−1, 8.02 to 15.48 mg·g−1, and 5.58 to 20.12 mg·g−1, respectively. The comprehensive assessment by principal component analysis revealed that ‘Red xiangzhenzhu’ had the highest quality and ‘Hongjiangci10’ and ‘Ziluolan’ the lowest quality. Cluster analysis using k-means grouped the cultivars into three clusters based on their quality: Cluster 1 grouped those with inferior quality (‘Hongjiangci09’, ‘Hongjiangci10’, ‘Hongjiangci11’, and ‘Hongjiangci07’, etc.), Cluster2 grouped those with average quality (‘Ciputao3#,’ ‘Ziluolan’, and ‘Xiangci4#’), and Cluster3 grouped those with superior quality (‘Red xiangzhenzhu’ and ‘Green xiangzhenzhu’). A combination of principal component analysis and cluster analysis provides a comprehensive and objective evaluation system for determining the quality of grape cultivars. This study is important for the systematic evaluation and utilization of spine grape resources.
Industrial Hemp Root Length Density and Distribution under Polyethylene Mulch with Drip Irrigation
Authors: Miller Gilbert
Published: October 2022

Delineating the depth and extent of the industrial hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) root zone assists with proper irrigation management and minimizes nutrient leaching. The objective of this 3-year field study was to measure root distribution and root length density of industrial hemp cultivars produced for cannabinoids grown under polyethylene mulch with drip irrigation. Root length density (RLD) was measured from 75-cm-deep soil cores obtained during vegetative growth, at early bloom, and at flower harvest. Cores were taken in-row and 15 cm to the side of each plant. In addition to root cores, the trench profile method was used during 2020 to observe in situ gross root architecture of a direct-seeded cannabinoid cultivar. RLD was significantly greater in the 0- to 30-cm soil depth and dropped dramatically below 30 cm; RLD was not significantly affected by cultivar. These findings suggest that the effective root zone depth for industrial hemp cultivars produced for cannabinoids is 0 to 30 cm and that the cultivars tested in this study do not differ in root system size or location.
CONTRIBUTION TO THE ASSESSMENT OF PERSISTENT ORGANIC POLLUTANTS (POPS) IN MARINE ORGANISMS: THE CASE OF SAROTHERODON MELANOTHERON (RUPPELL, 1852) AND MUGIL BANANENSIS (PELLEGRIN, 1928) IN THE SALOUM DELTA
Authors:   Institut Universitaire de Peche et dAquaculture (IUPA), Cheikh Anta Diop University, Dakar, UCAD II Batiment Pedagogique/Rez de Chaussee BP 5005 Dakar-Fann, Senegal., Yarame Gueye Ndeye , Ndiaye Waly ,   Institut Universitaire de Peche et dAquaculture (IUPA), Cheikh Anta Diop University, Dakar, UCAD II Batiment Pedagogique/Rez de Chaussee BP 5005 Dakar-Fann, Senegal., Sarr Alassane ,   Institut Universitaire de Peche et dAquaculture (IUPA), Cheikh Anta Diop University, Dakar, UCAD II Batiment Pedagogique/Rez de Chaussee BP 5005 Dakar-Fann, Senegal., Diedhiou Patrick ,   Institut Universitaire de Peche et dAquaculture (IUPA), Cheikh Anta Diop University, Dakar, UCAD II Batiment Pedagogique/Rez de Chaussee BP 5005 Dakar-Fann, Senegal.
Published: October 2022

It is known that the consumption of seafood has several health benefits for humans. However, the accumulation of organic pollutants, such as polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), in their flesh could pose public health problems. Thus, the concentrations of PCBs and OCPs in edible fish species (Mugil bananensis, Sarotherodon melanotheron) from the Sine Saloum Estuary located in central-western Senegal are investigated in order to assess the potential risks of these contaminants to human health. After analysis, PCB52 and chlordane show the highest concentrations in the edible flesh of these two species. The concentration of PCB52 is almost identical in these two species, while that of chlordane is higher in S. melanotheron. Regarding the distribution of PCBs and OCPs in M. bananensis, the highest concentration is found in Fimela for PCBs and in Sokone for OCPs. For S. melanotheron, the highest concentration is found in Toubacouta for PCBs and in Felir for OCPs. The cancer risk values obtained after calculation do not reveal any serious risk because they do not exceed the threshold value established by the U.S. EPA (2005) which is 1ÃƒÂƒÃ‚Â—10-4. However, it is recommended to the populations a moderate consumption because of the phenomenon of bioaccumulation.