bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluating the Low-Dose ACTH Stimulation Test in Neonates: Ideal Times for Cortisol Measurement
Authors: LeDrew Robyn , Bariciak Erika , Webster Richard , Barrowman Nick , Ahmet Alexandra
Published: September 2020

Context

Low-dose adrenocorticotropic hormone stimulation testing (LDST) can be used to diagnose central adrenal insufficiency. However, uncertainty remains over optimal times to draw serum cortisol levels.

Objective

To determine optimal times to draw serum cortisol levels for the LDST in neonates.

Design

A retrospective chart review of LDSTs performed on neonates from January 1, 2009 to September 30, 2017.

Setting

Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario (CHEO), a tertiary-care outborn pediatric center.

Patients

Forty-nine patients were included: 23 (46.9%) born at term, 12 (24.5%) born very preterm to late preterm, and 14 (28.6%) born extremely preterm.

Intervention

Cortisol levels were drawn at baseline and 15, 30, and 60 minutes following administration of Cortrosyn 1 mcg/kg (maximum dose 1 mcg).

Main Outcome Measure

Timing of peak cortisol level and marginal value of drawing a second and third cortisol sample at 15, 30, or 60 minutes was determined.

Results

Cortisol peaked at 15-, 30-, and 60-minute sampling times for 4%, 27%, and 69% of patients, respectively. The probability that a failed LDST changes to a pass by adding a 15- or 30-minute sample to the superior 60 minute sample is 5.6% (1% to 25.8%) and 11% (3.1% to 32.6%), respectively, for a cortisol pass threshold of 18.1mcg/dL (500 nmol/L).

Conclusions

In contrast to studies of older children, we found that the majority of neonatal LDST cortisol peaks occurred at the 60-minute sampling time with the addition of a 30-minute sample providing substantial benefit. It is questionable if a 15-minute sample provides any benefit, making a case to revise LDST protocols to sample cortisol later for neonates.
Agonistic Audiences: Comic Play in the Early National Theater
Authors: Banta Emily
Published: September 2020

This essay considers how rowdy theater audiences contributed to a broader cultural understanding of democratic politics in the early United States, showing how raucous and occasionally riotous theater patrons enacted a form of popular rule that was predicated on the paying audience’s sovereign right to pleasure. Agonistic audiences thrived on the conflictual dynamics of disorder and dissidence, but their unruly practices only rarely devolved into mob violence, precisely because theatergoers largely understood themselves to be at play. I examine various accounts of theatrical disturbance, including Washington Irving’s famous depiction of a disorderly audience, to demonstrate how patrons cultivated a comic mode of sociality, one that foregrounded and maintained the essential playfulness of social contest. Such comic play acknowledged a horizon of popular enjoyment that stood in excess of rational-critical public discourse. The comic mode has long been undertheorized in literary and cultural studies of the early United States, yet it holds key insight into the practices of both early national theater and early national politics. By way of example, I offer a comic reading of Royall Tyler’s The Contrast (1787) that reveals the imprint of the agonistic audience on the repertoire of the period, shedding new light on nineteenth-century genealogies of performance.
Rearrangements of Water Molecules in Parallel Cascade Selection Molecular Dynamics Enhance Structural Explorations of Proteins
Authors: Morita Rikuri , Shigeta Yasuteru , Harada Ryuhei
Published: September 2020

Biological events of proteins are too infrequent to observe with molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, though they are strongly related to the biological functions. To detect such rare events, several enhanced sampling methods have been proposed. Recently, as one of the enhanced sampling methods, we have developed parallel cascade selection molecular dynamics (PaCS-MD). PaCS-MD performs short-time MDs repeatedly from initial structures selected by a given rule as a function of arbitrary reaction coordinates. In the present study, the conventional PaCS-MD is extended as UCHMZ-PaCS-MD, where water coordinates are rearranged before restarting the short-time MDs, which perturb a given system by generating a variety of initial configurations. The restart of short-time MDs from the perturbed systems enables us to further enhance the conformational search. As a demonstration, UCHMZ-PaCS-MD was applied to folding of Chignolin and efficiently identified several metastable states including the intermediate, the misfolding, and the native ones. Furthermore, as a demonstration for globular proteins, large-amplitude domain motions of T4 lysozyme and adenylate kinase were efficiently detected with UCHMZ-PaCS-MD. Additionally, the generated transition pathways were analyzed with Markov state models (MSMs), enabling us to calculate broader free energy landscapes compared with the conventional PaCS-MD.
The shift from early to late types of ribosomes in zebrafish development involves changes at a subset of rRNA 2′-O-Me sites
Authors: Ramachandran Sowmya , Krogh Nicolai , Jørgensen Tor Erik , Johansen Steinar Daae , Nielsen Henrik , Babiak Igor
Published: September 2020

During zebrafish development, an early type of rRNA is gradually replaced by a late type that is substantially different in sequence. We applied RiboMeth-seq to rRNA from developmental stages for profiling of 2′-O-Me, to learn if changes in methylation pattern were a component of the shift. We compiled a catalog of 2′-O-Me sites and cognate box C/D guide RNAs comprising 98 high-confidence sites, including 10 sites that were not known from other vertebrates, one of which was specific to late-type rRNA. We identified a subset of sites that changed in methylation status during development and found that some of these could be explained by availability of their cognate SNORDs. Sites that changed during development were enriched in the novel sites revealed in zebrafish. We propose that the early type of rRNA is a specialized form and that its structure and ribose methylation pattern may be an adaptation to features of development, including translation of specific maternal mRNAs.
One-year test-retest reliability of ten vision tests in Canadian athletes
Authors: Aloosh Mehdi , Leclerc Suzanne , Long Stephanie , Zhong Guowei , Brophy James M. , Schuster Tibor , Steele Russell , Shrier Ian
Published: September 2020

Background: Vision tests are used in concussion management and baseline testing. Concussions, however, often occur months after baseline testing and reliability studies generally examine intervals limited to days or one week. Our objective was to determine the one-year test-retest reliability of these tests.

Methods: We assessed one-year test-retest reliability of ten vision tests in elite Canadian athletes followed by the Institut National du Sport du Quebec. We included athletes who completed two baseline (preseason) annual evaluations by one clinician within 365±30 days. We excluded athletes with any concussion or vision training in between the annual evaluations or presented with any factor that is believed to affect the tests (e.g. migraines). Data were collected from clinical charts. We evaluated test-retest reliability using Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) and 95% limits of agreement (LoA).

Results: We examined nine female and seven male athletes with a mean age of 22.7 (SD 4.5) years. Among the vision tests, we observed excellent test-retest reliability in Positive Fusional Vergence at 30cm (ICC=0.93) but this dropped to 0.53 when an outlier was excluded in a sensitivity analysis. There was good to moderate reliability in Negative Fusional Vergence at 30cm (ICC=0.78), Phoria at 30cm (ICC=0.68), Near Point of Convergence break (ICC=0.65) and Saccades (ICC=0.61). The ICC for Positive Fusional Vergence at 3m (ICC=0.56) also decreased to 0.45 after removing two outliers. We found poor reliability in Near Point of Convergence (ICC=0.47), Gross Stereoscopic Acuity (ICC=0.03) and Negative Fusional Vergence at 3m (ICC=0.0). ICC for Phoria at 3m was not appropriate because scores were identical in 14/16 athletes. 95% LoA of the majority of tests were ±40% to ±90%.

Conclusions: Five tests had good to moderate one-year test-retest reliability. The remaining tests had poor reliability. The tests would therefore be useful only if concussion has a moderate-large effect on scores.
Protecting the vulnerable during COVID-19: Treating and preventing chronic disease disparities
Authors: Mobula Linda M. , Heller David J. , Commodore-Mensah Yvonne , Walker Harris Vanessa , Cooper Lisa A.
Published: September 2020

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has exacerbated health disparities across ethnic and socioeconomic groups. Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) - such as hypertension, diabetes, and obstructive lung diseases – are key drivers of this widening gap, because they disproportionately afflict vulnerable populations.

Vulnerable populations with non-communicable diseases, in turn, are disproportionately affected by COVID-19 itself – but also at increased risk of poor outcomes from those underlying conditions. Proven strategies for NCD control must be adapted to help vulnerable patients react to these dual threats. We detail six key policy interventions – task shifting, workforce protection, telehealth and mobile services, insurance restructuring and increased funding for NCDs, prescription policies for NCDs and community partnerships - to bridge this care gap. Long-term integration of these care models post-COVID-19 may prevent care shocks during future pandemics, bolstering emerging universal primary care models.
O museu de museus de Mabe Bethônico
Authors: Horta Vivian
Published: September 2020

Investigação da relação entre museumuseu, projeto artístico de Mabe Bethônico, e o conceito de arquivo na arte contemporânea brasileira, sob a luz do "mal de arquivo”, de Jacques Derrida. Discutindo o papel de museus e arquivos como instituições legitimadoras de discursos, a obra da artista propõe a possível construção de ficções através de documentos concretos.
Terrane de Ana Lira | Trauma de Ivan Padovani: o discurso do artista, o discurso da obra
Authors: Filho Mariano Klautau , Eiró Jorge Leal
Published: September 2020

Análise de aspectos das obras Terrane de Ana Lira e Trauma de Ivan Padovani, considerando suas montagens na mostra Realidades da Imagem, Histórias da Representação, no Museu do Estado do Pará, Belém, em 2018. Adota-se como base teórica as discussões sobre autonomia da obra e suas relações sociais, incluindo, nesse percurso, o discurso do artista e seu lugar como ator político e, ainda especialmente, o discurso que emerge do trabalho, de sua feição formal e material no espaço expositivo.
Caminhando entre mortos – o monumento moderno
Authors: Bueno Guilherme
Published: September 2020

O artigo analisa a partir de monumentos projetados por Walter Gropius, Mies van der Rohe, Rachel Whiteread e Peter Eisenman quais as implicações de uma nova simbolização da morte frente a eventos traumáticos do século XX. Para tanto, em certas passagens são discutidas questões formais ladeadas pela abordagem do luto em Freud.Palavras-chave: monumento; holocausto; arte e arquitetura: século XX
ESBOÇO DE UMA TIPOLOGIA DA PATRONAGEM E CARIDADE CRISTÃS NA ANTIGUIDADE TARDIA: CONSTRUÇÕES DISCURSIVAS DE GÊNERO
Authors: Santos Amanda Reis dos
Published: September 2020

O objetivo do presente artigo consiste em expor algumas considerações sobre aadministração do patrimônio de ricas mulheres cristãs na Antiguidade Tardia, tomando os casos de Paula, a Velha; sua filha, Eustáquia; e de Melânia, a Jovem – personagens construídas e representadas na literatura da época como exemplares. Através da análise de parte das cartas de Jerônimo de Estridão, onde as primeiras aparecem, e também de um corpus composto por uma hagiografia e uma biografia referentes à Melânia, pretende-se esboçar uma tipologia da patronagem feminina entre os séculos IV e V d.C., lançando mão dos conceitos de doações verticais e horizontais; diretas e indiretas. Como aporte teórico-metodológico, serão utilizadas as considerações sobre gênero propostas por Elizabeth Clark, além das Histórias Cruzadas, de Bénédicte Zimmermann e Michel Werner, inseridas no escopo da História Comparada. Serão, assim, destacados os primeiros resultados da pesquisa que está sendo desenvolvida no âmbito do Programa de Pós-Graduação em História Comparada (PPGHC/UFRJ), relativo à administração do patrimônio de mulheres cristãs na Antiguidade Tardia.
O Mundo Greco-Romano de Konstandínos Kaváfis
Authors: Villon Victor Ribeiro
Published: September 2020

O presente artigo pretende refletir sobre a recepção da história antiga e bizantina na obra de Konstandínos Kaváfis (1863-1933), poeta grego, membro da comunidade helênica de Alexandria. Acreditamos que podemos denominar o material histórico com o qual Kaváfis trabalha como "greco-romano", no entanto, o termo assume contornos próprios quando analisado a partir da ótica do poeta alexandrino. Assim sendo, ao refletirmos sobre o "mundo greco-romano de Kaváfis", estamos igualmente a refletir sobre o referido período histórico em si mesmo e nas características que o constituem na tradição historiográfica.
Full set of piezo-optic and elasto-optic coefficients of Ca3TaGa3Si2O14 crystals at room temperature
Authors: Mytsyk Bohdan , Suhak Yuriy , Demyanyshyn Nataliya , Buryy Oleh , Syvorotka Nataliya , Sugak Dmytro , Ubizskii Serhii , Fritze Holger
Published: September 2020

The photoelasticity of the

C
a

3

T
a
G
a

3

S
i

2

O

14

(CTGS) crystal was studied by an interferometric method based on a single-pass Mach-Zehnder interferometer. The maximum number of sample orientations for the piezo-optic experiments was applied to prove accuracy in the determination of the piezo-optic coefficients. Based on the matrices of the piezo-optic coefficients and the elastic stiffness coefficients, all the coefficients

p

ik

of the elastic-optic matrix are calculated. For the highest

p

ik

coefficient, the acousto-optic efficiency is evaluated. The results obtained for CTGS are compared with the corresponding results for

L
a

3

G
a

5

S
i
O

14

(langasite) crystals. The highest acousto-optic figure of merit of CTGS

M
2

=

1.66

⋅

10

−
15

s

3

/

k
g

is two and three times higher, compared with langasite and strontium borate, respectively, which are often used for acousto-optic modulation of light in the ultraviolet spectral range.
Data-specific mask-guided image reconstruction for diffuse optical
tomography
Authors: Sabir Sohail , Cho Sanghoon , Heo Duchang , Hyun Kim Kee , Cho Seungryong , Pua Rizza
Published: September 2020

Conventional approaches in diffuse optical tomography (DOT) image
reconstruction often address the ill-posed inverse problem via
regularization with a constant penalty parameter, which uniformly
smooths out the solution. In this study, we present a data-specific
mask-guided scheme that incorporates a prior mask constraint into the
image reconstruction framework. The prior mask was created from the
DOT data itself by exploiting the multi-measurement vector
formulation. We accordingly propose two methods to integrate the prior
mask into the reconstruction process. First, as a soft prior by
exploiting a spatially varying regularization. Second, as a hard prior
by imposing a region-of-interest-limited reconstruction. Furthermore,
the latter method iterates between discrete and continuous steps to
update the mask and optical parameters, respectively. The proposed
methods showed enhanced optical contrast accuracy, improved spatial
resolution, and reduced noise level in DOT reconstructed images
compared with the conventional approaches such as the modified
Levenberg–Marquardt approach and the

l
1

-regularization based sparse recovery
approach.
Acoustic resonance laser calorimetry for measurements of low optical absorption
Authors: Konyashkin Aleksey V. , Molkov Aleksey A. , Ryabushkin Oleg A.
Published: September 2020

A novel method of acoustic resonance laser calorimetry (ARLC) for the determination of low optical absorption coefficients of crystals and glasses is introduced. It is based on measurements of the kinetics of the equivalent temperature of the sample irradiated by the pulse laser radiation. The equivalent temperature of the sample is directly obtained by measuring the frequency changes of its temperature-calibrated acoustic resonances excited by the laser radiation with a corresponding pulse repetition rate. In contrast to the conventional resonant photoacoustic spectroscopy, where the resonance is used for the enhancement of the registered signal, in ARLC, the laser-excited acoustic resonance of the sample acts as a high-sensitivity temperature probe for measurements of its heating kinetics. The ARLC approach was verified by measuring the optical absorption coefficient of the potassium dihydrogen phosphate crystal (

α
=

4.2

⋅

1

0

−
2

c

m

−
1

) at 1064 nm wavelength.
Confocal laser scanning holographic microscopy of buried structures
Authors: Schnitzler Lena , Neutsch Krisztian , Schellenberg Falk , Hofmann Martin R. , Gerhardt Nils C.
Published: September 2020

In this paper, we present a confocal laser scanning holographic microscope for the investigation of buried structures. The multimodal system combines high diffraction limited resolution and high signal-to-noise-ratio with the ability of phase acquisition. The amplitude and phase imaging capabilities of the system are shown on a test target. For the investigation of buried integrated semiconductor structures, we expand our system with an optical beam induced current modality that provides additional structure-sensitive contrast. We demonstrate the performance of the multimodal system by imaging the buried structures of a microcontroller through the silicon backside of its housing in reflection geometry.
Investigation of the characteristics of a fiber-optic gas–liquid two-phase flow sensor
Authors: Ma Yu , Zhang Xu , Zhang Yangrui , Li Song , Sun Weimin , Lewis Elfed
Published: September 2020

A laboratory-prepared wedge-shaped fiber probe using step-index multimode plastic optical fiber was described and tested in a lab-scale gas–liquid flow generator. A three-dimensional model was established in order to fully simulate the process of bubble piercing by the optical fiber probe. A theoretical analysis of the luminous intensity distribution of the light transmission in the process of bubble piercing was undertaken under conditions of different relative positions between the fiber probe and the bubble axis. Using this analytical method, it was possible to accurately define the range of the central region of the bubble where the presignal appeared.
Toric lens analysis as a focal ring and Bessel beam generator
Authors: Quémener Mireille , Guénette Jason , Borne Jeck , Thibault Simon
Published: September 2020

We propose an analytical solution of the focal ring generated at the focus of a toric lens. The analytical field of the focal ring is used with a Fourier transform lens to generate a Bessel beam. A comparative analysis between the use of an illuminated annular aperture, an axicon, and a toric lens to generate a Bessel beam is performed, and the benefits and drawbacks of each are discussed. This highlights the advantages of using a toric lens with a Gaussian beam to produce a focal line of increasing intensity, which is advantageous for applications such as high depth-of-field microscopy.
Optical rotation and electromagnetically induced transparency in a chiral metamaterial with C4 symmetry
Authors: Wu Wei , Liu Wenbing , Chun Zenghui , Ling Yonghong , Ding Jifei , Wang Xiaochuan , Huang Lirong , Li Hanhui
Published: September 2020

We design and fabricate a double-layered chiral metamaterial with 4-fold rotational symmetry, which simultaneously exhibits optical rotation and electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) effects. Using analytical equivalent circuit model and Lorentz's coupled oscillator model, we interpret the physical mechanisms and derive material equations. Importantly, we find that magnetic dipole and electric quadrupole play important roles in optical rotation and keeping the symmetry of the material equations. Our work offers a better understanding of optical rotation in chiral metamaterials, and provides a new and simple approach to combine optical rotation and EIT effects into a single metamaterial.
Generation of tunable linearly chirped signals with long temporal duration in the photonic time-stretched coherent radar
Authors: Li Xing , Zhang Siteng , Li Shuguang , Chen Jianping , Zou Weiwen
Published: September 2020

Linearly chirped signals with long temporal duration are generated by adding a dispersive loop in the photonic time-stretched coherent radar. The signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) variation of the optical pulse recirculation is analyzed and simulated to evaluate the multiple extension of temporal duration. The achievable temporal duration is confined by the dispersion and the amplified spontaneous emission noise accumulation. The experimental results verify the SNR variation of the optical pulse recirculation. Moreover, tunable linearly chirped signals with temporal duration of 100 ns and a bandwidth of 4 GHz at X or Ku band are generated. With the improvement of the time-bandwidth product, a drone can be successfully observed.
Abaetetuba-PA: menina de laço de fita - a ternura como essência, a luta como princípio e o empoderamento como estratégia para a cidadania
Authors: Goulart Flávio Alberto de Andrade , Suarez Jimenez Júlio Manuel , Barbosa Kellen Da Costa , De Lima Laurindo Campos , Das Chagas Maria Lucilene Ribeiro
Published: September 2020

Este artigo descreve a experiência de empoderamento da população como estratégia para construção de cidadania visando o enfrentamento de problemas de saúde no âmbito da APS em Abaetetuba, Pará.
Papel do protocolo de enfemagem no processo de acolhimento e primeira consulta, para zelar as filas na Atenção Primária à Saúde, no município de Jaraguá do Sul – SC
Authors: Goulart Flávio Alberto de Andrade , Suarez Jimenez Julio Manuel , Curty Silvia Regina Bonatto , Steffani Priscila , Silva Rosana Mara da
Published: September 2020

O presente projeto foi pensado com o intuito de reduzir filas de espera nas unidades de saúde do município, mediante a elaboração e aplicação de um Protocolo de Enfermagem, abrindo caminho para a consulta com o enfermeiro na Atenção Básica em Saúde. O problema em foco se via agravado pelo fato de que boa parte de tal demanda se referia ao retorno de exames, à avaliação de problemas de baixa complexidade, além da renovação de receitas. A iniciativa teve início em julho de 2018, mas é considerada pelos propositores como já em estágio avançado de execução.
O Novo Sindicalismo entre o antiestatismo e a regulação da economia: Qual perspectiva? (1978-1994)
Authors: Das Neves Bezerra Gustavo Antonio
Published: September 2020

O Novo Sindicalismo surgiu criticando veementemente a presença do Estado na vida social brasileira. Mas será que isso teria feito desse movimento um precursor inadvertido do neoliberalismo? Essa insinuação ecoa no espaço público brasileiro vinda de distintas posições sociais. Face a tal problemática, o presente artigo interroga duplamente o período de ascensão dessa fração política. Em primeiro lugar, inquire qual seria a melhor maneira de definir o seu projeto societário primevo. A segunda interrogação remete ao modo como o Novo Sindicalismo teria reagido, na primeira metade da década de 1990, ao fato de que alguns de seus valores foram usados para justificar a erosão de dois dos principais alicerces de seu crescimento organizativo, a saber, o crescimento das ocupações assalariadas e a regulação estatal das relações entre capital e trabalho. Optou-se por uma pesquisa documental que aciona fontes primárias, com foco nas resoluções dos congressos da CUT e do PT. A hipótese é de que o Novo Sindicalismo teria amalgamado a sua exigência de face dupla – por uma cidadania política inovadora e pela manutenção dos dispositivos trabalhistas de cidadania social – através de uma visão de mundo mais classista do que propriamente ideológica.

Palavras-chave: classes; novo sindicalismo; redemocratização; autonomia; direitos.
DINAMIKA PSIKOLOGIS LANSIA YANG TINGGAL DI PANTI JOMPO DAN IMPLIKASINYA BAGI LAYANAN KONSELING ISLAM
Authors: Budiyono Alief , Abidin Zaenal
Published: September 2020

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengungkap dinamika psikologis lansia yang tinggal di panti jompo dan implikasinya bagi layanan konseling Islam. Kajian teoritik yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini meliputi konsep lansia, esensi panti jompo, serta tujuan dan fungsi layanan konseling Islam. Jenis penelitian ini adalah kualitatif fenomenologis untuk mendapatkan gambaran secara menyeluruh terkait dinamika psikologis lansia yang tinggal di panti jompo dan bagaimana implikasinya bagi layanan konseling Islam. Karakteristik lansia yang diteliti adalah berusia 60 tahun ke atas dan dapat berkomunikasi secara baik serta tidak ada gangguan pendengaran. Partisipan dipilih dengan menggunakan teknik purposive sampling yaitu dipilih sesuai dengan kebutuhan penelitian. Hasil penelitian ini adalah penerima manfaat dari aspek PGOT, psikososial, disharmoi keluarga atau sebatang kara, mengamali peningkatan perkembangan psikologis, khususnya pada aspek spiritual setelah mengikuti program di panti sosial.
Luxação recidivante de ATM tratada com hemoterapia e fixação intermaxilar
Authors: Nascimento Saulo Chateaubriand , de Oliveira Marcelo Vinicius , Albuquerque Gustavo Cavalcanti , Martins Valber Barbosa , Motta Júnior Joel
Published: September 2020

Introdução: A luxação da ATM ocorre quando o côndilo se move para fora da fossa glenoide, travando anteriormente a eminência articular. Essa condição é denominada de recidivante quando os episódios passam a ser frequentes. Objetivo: O presente trabalho objetiva relatar o caso de uma paciente com luxação recidivante da ATM tratada de forma conservadora, por meio de injeção de sangue autólogo (ISA) intra-articular e nos tecidos pericapsulares, associado à fixação intermaxilar (FIM) por três se- manas. Relato de caso: Paciente com 31 anos de idade, sexo feminino, apresentava como queixa principal episódios frequentes de “queda” da mandíbula, iniciados após trauma sofrido dois anos antes da consulta. Constataram-se estalidos e crepitações nos movimentos de abertura e fechamento da boca, luxação da ATM bilateral, dor lo- cal, disfonia, disfagia e disartria. Verificou-se, por meio de medição com paquímetro, que o limite de abertura que ocasionava luxação era a partir de 30mm. Conclusão: A paciente respondeu satisfatoriamente ao tratamento, sem recorrência de episódios de luxação. A ISA associada à FIM mostrou-se um método seguro, simples e econômico para o tratamento de luxação recidivante da ATM, além de ser uma abordagem conservadora e com altos índices de sucesso.
Tratamento de fratura de ângulo mandibular com utilização de placa grade: relato de caso
Authors: Costa Felippe Almeida , Silva Rogério Almeida da , Sato Fábio Ricardo Loureiro , Castro e Silva Lucas Martins de
Published: September 2020

Introdução: As fraturas na região do ângulo mandibular apresentam um maior índice de complicações, quando comparadas às outras fraturas mandibulares. Entre os motivos para o alto índice de complicações estão a anatomia da região, localização e dificuldade de fixação desse tipo de fratura. Existem diversas modalidades para o tratamento desse tipo de fratura. Objetivo: O objetivo do presente trabalho é relatar um caso de fratura de ângulo mandibular tratado por meio da placa grade e discutir as vantagens desse tipo de fixação no tratamento dessas fraturas. Relato de caso: O paciente compareceu ao pronto-socorro com história de agressão física e apresentava como queixa principal dor e alteração oclusal, sendo diagnosticado com fratura bilateral de mandíbula. Foi proposta redução e fixação interna estável da fratura por acesso intrabucal, sob anestesia geral. Resultados e Conclusão: O paciente se encontra em acompanhamento ambulatorial com pós-operatório há três anos, período no qual não foi observada qualquer complicação com o uso da fixação com a placa grade. A placa grade mostrou ser uma alternativa eficaz para o tratamento de fraturas de ângulo mandibular sem deslocamento e apresenta como principais vantagens a fácil manipulação e adaptação da placa, menor morbidade ao paciente, menor tempo cirúrgico e menor índice de complicações.
Incidência do trauma facial em hospital de Bauru
Authors: Castro-Merán Angie Patricia , Duarte Bruno Gomes , Fiamoncini Eduardo Stedile , Campos Patricia Frare , Ferreira Júnior Osny , Gonçalves Eduardo Sanches
Published: September 2020

Introdução: As fraturas faciais podem provocar alterações estéticas e funcionais, além de outras complicações. Objetivo: Verificar a incidência do trauma facial dos indivíduos atendidos no período de janeiro de 2015 a julho de 2017 em um hospital público de Bauru/SP. Métodos: Um total de 509 fraturas faciais de 441 indivíduos foram analisadas por meio da coleta de dados dos prontuários do sistema eletrônico do hospital. Os dados coletados foram sexo, idade, etiologia do trauma, localização anatômica das fraturas e tipo de tratamento escolhido para cada caso. Resultados: O sexo masculino foi o mais afetado (79,36%), com idade média de 32 anos. A causa mais comum foi a agressão física (32,87%), seguida por acidentes de trânsito (24,04%). O tipo de tratamento de primeira escolha foi a redução aberta com fixação interna estável. Conclusão: As fraturas nasais foram as prevalentes no grupo de indivíduos estudado, tendo acometido, principalmente, homens vítimas de agressão física.
Sustainable development: a clarification of the debate
Authors: Gómez Romero José Andrés , Garduño Román Susana
Published: September 2020

Context: The term sustainable development has remained in the interest of experts, governments and government institutions, but a discussion of its translations into Spanish is presented. The objective of this work was to clarify the debate on the term sustainable development in Spanish by analysing its use over time, geographically and by discipline.

Method: Through the non-participatory methods of secondary data, databases and computer tools were analysed articles from scientific journals, specialized books and databases were reviewed such as Web of Science, Scopus, Taylor & Francis, Scielo, Redalyc, among others. Computer tools such as Google Trends and Google Ngram Viewer were used to analyse the variation of indicators of evolution of search interest and scientific production.

Results: Through the combination of non-participatory methods, indicators of general interest and scientific production were determined.

Conclusions: The results revealed that both terms are used indistinctly, preference is observed in the use of the term term desarrollo sostenido over the term desarrollo sustentable, both over time and in the economic and environmental disciplines.
La recepción de las Maravillas de la Antigüedad en España a través de los testimonios de viajeros a Egipto entre el s. XII y los albores del XVI
Authors: De Miguel Irureta Ainhoa
Published: September 2020

Este estudio pretende analizar las noticias sobre las Pirámides y el Faro de Alejandría en el marco de la Península Ibérica entre la Plena Edad Media y el comienzo de la Edad Moderna a través del examen de los testimonios de viajeros procedentes de al-Andalus y de los reinos cristianos. Así mismo, se intenta demostrar la importancia de esos viajes en la transmisión de conocimientos sobre los grandes monumentos de Egipto y la influencia de la diversa formación y el contexto religioso-cultural de cada uno de los viajeros a la hora de describirlos. Igualmente, se repasará la recepción de estos textos con la finalidad de considerar su papel en las concepciones visuales sobre estas maravillas y el establecimiento de arquetipos.Las fuentes estudiadas comprenden, para el caso de viajeros árabes procedentes de al-Andalus, las descripciones de al-Gharnati y de al-Balawi; el testimonio del viajero judío Benjamín de Tudela; y los escritos de los cristianos Pedro Tafur y Pedro Mártir de Anglería.El análisis pone de manifiesto la importancia del viaje como método directo de conocimiento sobre los monumentos antiguos y forma de contrastar las informaciones recibidas de fuentes más antiguas, ya fueran escritas o visuales. Por otra parte, se ha podido comprobar que la mayor o menor exactitud de los datos recogidos por esos viajeros en sus descripciones tiene mucho que ver con la diferente formación, el nivel cultural personal y la influencia del contexto religioso-cultural de cada uno de ellos.
Valentía, feminismo y resiliencia. La (in)visibilidad de la mujer musulmana a través del cine
Authors: Barrenetxea Marañón Igor
Published: September 2020

El cine es una ventana abierta al mundo que nos rodea. Las diferentes cinematografías nos acercan y revelan, al mismo tiempo, preocupaciones y realidades sociales de muy diversa naturaleza. En este caso, esta investigación se centra en analizar a través de una serie de filmes seleccionados las diferencias problemáticas de la mujer musulmana (sus padecimientos en las guerras, indefensión, pérdida de derechos y libertades, acoso, abusos, resiliencia, etc.) en diferentes países y entornos. Cada una de estas producciones desvela un universo femenino con una intención muy importante y crucial: sensibilizarnos y alterar las inercias sociales que se dan en muchos países. El cine se convierte, así, en una palanca de cambio histórico que no solo hace visible a la mujer (al mostrar su sufrimiento), sino que se adentra, además, en recalcar su imprescindible protagonismo en todos los órdenes de la vida y la importancia que cobra la educación a la hora de materializar su empoderamiento.
Cento as a creative writing approach to language learning
Authors: Alsyouf Amjad
Published: September 2020

Creative writing can be both an effective and attractive English learning activity at university departments where students speak English as a Second Language (ESL). Language skill courses might not be always effective enough in improving learners’ communicative skills and motivating them to learn, particularly when adopting old style grammar-translation based methods. Involving creative writing as a method to teach language can play a significant role in prompting the students to improve their communicative skills. This study proposes employing a creative writing course as a new method to address L2 learners lacking motivation. It particularly relies on using cento poetry as a teaching activity. A cento is a poem made up of lines the learner selects from different poems by one or more poets. The learner consequently has to read several poems, understand their linguistic structures, and grasp the meaning of their vocabulary to begin writing their own work. It is against this background that this study examines the advantages of using cento poetry in ESL classes aiming to enhance language learning.
The agroecology of an early state: new results from Hattusha
Authors: Diffey Charlotte , Neef Reinder , Seeher Jürgen , Bogaard Amy
Published: September 2020

The discovery of a large underground silo complex with spectacular intact grain stores at the Late Bronze Age Hittite capital of Hattusha in Turkey provides a unique snapshot of the mobilisation of crop production by the Hittite state. A combination of primary archaeobotanical analysis, crop stable isotope determinations and functional weed ecology reveals new insights into Hittite cultivation strategies, featuring a range of relatively low-input, extensive production regimes for hulled wheats and hulled barley. Taxation of extensively produced grain in the sixteenth century BC reveals how an ancient state sought to sustain itself, providing wider implications for the politics and ecology of territorially expansive states in Western Asia and beyond.
No pottery at the western periphery of Europe: why was the Final Mesolithic of Britain and Ireland aceramic?
Authors: Elliott Ben , Little Aimée , Warren Graeme , Lucquin Alexandre , Blinkhorn Edward , Craig Oliver E.
Published: September 2020

The past decade has witnessed an intensification of research into the use of pottery by hunter-gatherers. Long viewed by Western scholars as a marginal practice among these groups, pottery production is now known to have been widespread among prehistoric hunter-gatherers, many of whom practised no other activities associated with agriculture. In emphasising the centrality of ceramics to these communities, however, we risk marginalising those who did not adopt pottery. Here, the authors critically examine a series of different models proposed for hunter-gatherer pottery innovation and adoption within the context of the aceramic communities who inhabited Britain and Ireland during the fifth millennium cal BC.
Actividad antihipertensiva del extracto, etanolico de Petroselinum sativum hoffm "Perejil" sobre ratas tratadas con L-Name
Authors: Villarreal Julian , Arroyo A. Jorge , Rojas Juan , Valencia José , Chenguayén Julio , Bonilla R. Pablo
Published: September 2020

La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo determinar la actividad antihipertensiva del extracto etanólico de Petroselinum sativum "perejil" en ratas hipertensas. Se emplearon ratas Holtzmann, distribuidas al azar en 4 grupos (n = 6). La hipertensión arterial fue inducida en 3 grupos mediante la administración de L-NAME 50 mg/kg/día v.o. durante 11 días; de éstos, un grupo recibió el vehículo, los otros dos recibieron tratamiento con perejil en dosis de 200 y 600 mg/kg/día, respectivamente; el cuarto grupo fue blanco y sólo recibió agua destilada. El tratamiento con el extracto etanólico seco de perejil se inició 2 días después de la administración de L-NAME y se continuó diariamente. La presión arterial se midió al inicio del experimento y en los días 2, 3,4,7 Y 11. Los resultados demuestran que en e1 primer día de tratamiento con perejil en dosis de 600 mg/kg/día, la PAS disminuyó significativamente de 167,5 ± 1,5 mmHg a 148,5 ± 2,9 mmHg (p < 0,001), la PAD disminuyó de 117,0 ± 3,7 mmHg hasta 97,3 ± 3,9 mmHg (p < 0,01). En el segundo día de tratamiento se observó disminución significativa de la PAS y PAD con la dosis de 200 rng/kgldía. Este efecto continuó en ambos grupos y al linal del experimento, con 200 mg/kg/día se registró el valor de PAS de 142,0 + 1,37 mmHg, mientras que con 600 mg/kg/día fue 143,5 + 2,6 mmHg. Se concluye que en las condiciones experimentales del estudio, el extracto etanólico de Petroselinum sativum "perejil" tiene efecto antihipertensivo en ratas hipertensas por L-NAME.
Interacción entre genes y nutrientes: nutrigenética y nutrigenómica
Authors: Cataño Héctor C.
Published: September 2020

Pocas décadas atrás varios estudios describieron bien la relación que existe entre los hábitos alimenticios y las enfermedades crónicas, por ello parte crítica de la estrategia de prevención de las enfermedades ha consistido en cambiar, los hábitos alimenticios. No obstante, no se ha tenido en consideración que los nutrientes provenientes de la dieta interaccionan con los genes. Gracias al desarrollo de la nutrigenética y nutrigenómica las recomendaciones dietéticas futuras tendrán en consideración la interacción genes y nutrientes. Por un lado, la nutrigenética estudia la influencia de las variaciones genéticas en la respuesta del organismo a los nutrientes (interacción Gen --> Nutriente) y por otro, la nutrigenómica estudia la influencia de los nutrientes en la expresión de genes (interacción Nutriente --> Gen). Ambas, disciplinas dan lugar a una nueva era:"La Nutrición Molecular". El creciente conocimiento de la interacción gen-nutriente promete revolucionar el manejo de las enfermedades crónicas, Se podrá disponer de mejores herramientas de diagnóstico, identificando precozmente pequeñas alteraciones de la homeostasis en un sujeto aparentemente sano para luego hacer una intervención dietética oportuna y restablecer su homeostasis, retrasando con ello, el desarrollo de alguna enfermedad.
Efecto antioxidante del extracto acuoso de Lepidium meyenii walpers (Maca) en animales de experimentación con osteoporosis inducida
Authors: Benavides R. Elena R. , Bastidas P. John , Cruz C. Eart J. , Junes O. Rosmery , Vila P. G. , Yep Ch. Man Y.
Published: September 2020

Se evaluó el efecto antioxidante de Lepidium meyenii walpers (Maca) en ratas albinas para observar su influencia sobre el desarrollo de la osteoporosis. Se utilizaron 25 ratas hembras albinas de 4 meses de edad, las que fueron divididas en 5 grupos, el primer grupo (Gl) considerado como control y 4 grupos experimentales (G2, G3, G4 Y GS) se les indujo osteoporosis aplicándose1es heparina 2Ulj g/ interdiariamente por un periodo de tres semanas, al mismo tiempo se efectuó la administración de antioxidantes (G3) y productos naturales (maca al G4 y soya al GS) siendo G2 el grupo control de osteoporosis. Al término de este periodo se tomó muestras de sangre y orina para los análisis de Cata lasa (CA T) Y Superóxido Dismutasa (SOD) para evaluar el efecto antioxidante e Hidroxiprolina urinaria y calcio como marcadores de la resorción ósea. El grupo G2 que presentó osteoporosis mostró una elevación de sus enzimas antioxidantes mientras que la maca fue el producto natural que presento resultados considerables en comparación con el grupo G3 al que se administró vitaminas e, E y selenito y el grupo GS al que se administró soya. Por lo tanto se evidencia una influencia favorable del consumo de maca contra el progreso de la osteoporosis. En conclusión la maca puede ser utilizada como alternativa en la prevención y tratamiento de esta enfermedad.
Actividad cicatrizante de una pomada con aceite esencial de Schinus molle L. “Molle” en ga­nado vacuno con heridas infectadas y en ratones
Authors: Alba Gonzalez Alex , Bonilla Rivera Pablo , Arroyo Acevedo Jorge
Published: September 2020

En la presente investigación se evaluó la actividad cicatrizante del aceite esencial de Schinus molle L. “molle”a diferentes concentraciones, en comparación con un producto comercial. Se encontró que el aceite esencial del Schinus molle L. “molle”, constituído principalmente por monoterpenos y sesquiterpenos, en pomada y teniendo como base vaselina sólida. Los resultados mostraron que el producto posee propiedades cicatrizantes frente a heridas infectadas en ganado vacuno las que sanaban de manera apropiada; así mismo, los experimentos llevados a cabo en ratones de cepa Balb C 53, corroboraron la experiencia mencionada, siendo la concentración al 2% la que presentó mayor poder cicatrizante frente a la pododermatitis y mastitis subclínicas.
Inhibición del tránsito intestinal por el extracto metanólico de las hojas de Annona muricata L (guanábana) en ratones
Authors: Salinas A Dorka I , Araujo G Juan C , Cisneros H César B , Villena N César A , Senosain T Dennis A , Huarcaya M Cecilia V , Arroyo A Jorge L
Published: September 2020

Las hojas de Annona muricata L. (guanábana) son empleadas tradicionalmente para tratar la diarrea aguda; al respecto, no se ha encontrado información que valide su propiedad antidiarreica, por lo que se propuso evaluar experimentalmente dicha acción y su toxicidad aguda. Para esto se conformaron aleatoriamente 11 grupos, de 6 ratones machos Balb-C 56 cada uno. El grupo uno sirvió de control (1 mL solución salina), los grupos experimentales 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 y 7 recibieron extracto metanólico de Annona muricata L. en dosis de 10, 25, 50, 75, 100 y 200 mg/kg de peso corporal, respectivamente; el grupo ocho recibió loperamida 1 mg/kg y el grupo nueve aceite de ricino 10 mL/kg. Se empleó carbón activado como marcador del tránsito intestinal según el modelo in vivo en ratones. La dosis letal 50 para la muestra biológica fue 229 mg/Kg, con intervalo de confianza de 95% (límite superior 244,3 e inferior 220,9). Con dosis de 25 mg/kg del extracto de Annona muricata L. se observó una reducción del tránsito intestinal de 13,94 % (p<0,05), similar al dado por loperamida (13,36 %). Se concluye que, en condiciones experimentales, el extracto metanólico de las hojas de Annona muricata L. inhibió el tránsito intestinal.
Investigación científica e innovación: Otra fortaleza de la Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica de San Marcos
Authors: Quevedo Ganoza Fernando
Published: September 2020

Desde que se inicio, en San Marcos, la enseñanza para la formación de farmacéuticos, los primeros profesores siempre enfatizaron que la carrera conllevaba, implícitamente, el desarrollo y aplicación de la investigación científica. A través de varias décadas de enseñanza de la Farmacia, se han dado pruebas del cumplimiento de esa aseveración. Por razones de espacio no vamos a incluir los numerosos ejemplos que tenemos sobre ello, bastará recordar algunos nombres de científicos ilustres, como Antonio Raymondi, Augusto Weberbauer, Sebastián Lorente Ibáñez, quienes en los comienzos, demostraron su dedicación y entrega a la investigación y docencia.
Paraoxonasa 1 (PON1) y su relación con el perfil lipídico y la Lipoperoxidación en una población adulta de la ciudad de cerro de pasco, 4330 m.
Authors: Carranza A Elizabeth , Zúñiga C Haydée , Peña S Carmen , Huarcaya F Miguel , Quispe T Juan , Nina C Edison
Published: September 2020

Con el objetivo de analizar la actividad sérica de la enzima paraoxonasa, su distribución fenotípica, y su relación con el perfil lipídico y con el estrés oxidativo, en una población adulta mayor de la ciudad de Cerro de Pasco (4330 m), se estudió el suero sanguíneo de 30 hombres mayores de 60 años y 40 mujeres postmenopáusicas. Se utilizó paraoxon como sustrato para medir las actividades tanto de la paraoxonasa basal como de la estimulada con NaCl 1 M y fenilacetato para medir la actividad arilesterasa. El perfil lipídico se midió con kits comerciales, las apolipoproteinas A-1 y B por métodos turbidimétricos, y el malondialdehido con ácido tiobarbitúrico. Los valores medios del perfil lipídico, APO B y malondialdehido (expresado como TBARS) entre hombres y mujeres no presentan diferencias significativas. La APO A-1 es significativamente mayor en las mujeres que en los hombres. Las actividades de la PON 1 basal y estimulada tampoco difieren significativamente entre los dos grupos. Se encontró diferencia significativa en la actividad arilesterasa en las mujeres con respecto a los hombres. No se encontró correlación entre la actividad paraoxonasa y los otros parámetros estudiados. La actividad arilesterasa correlaciona positivamente con APO A-1 (p<0,05), pero no con HDL-colesterol, APO B y TBARS. En conclusión, los valores del perfil lipídico, APO A-1, APOB y TBARS demostrarían que las personas de la tercera edad que viven en las grandes alturas podrían estar mejor protegidas contra las enfermedades cardiovasculares.
Prevalencia de Listeria monocytogenes en salchipapas tipo Huacho provenientes de los mercados de abasto del Cercado de Lima
Authors: Pérez María E. , Salazar María E. , Gamarra Gerardo
Published: September 2020

El objetivo de esta investigación fue determinar la prevalencia de la bacteria Listeria monocytogenes. Para ello, se analizaron 60 muestras de salchicha tipo Huacho de cinco mercados de abasto del Cercado de Lima, que se procesaron en el Laboratorio de Microbiología de la Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica de la UNMSM, dentro de las 24 horas de su recolección. Se utilizó la metodología USDA-FSIS, en sus tres fases: pre-enriquecimiento, enriquecimiento de la muestra y siembra en agares selectivos y prueba de CAMP. Los resultados mostraron que la prevalencia de esta bacteria en las salchichas tipo Huacho es de 78%. Se concluye que este producto podría constituir un alimento de riesgo potencial para la salud pública.