bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Leadership Model of Pesantren The Counteract of Religious Blasphemy Movement In Indonesia
Authors: Zaman Akhmad Qomaru , Srinarwati Dwi Retnani , Suhari Suhari
Published: January 2024

Islamic student boarding school (pesantren) an institution that operates in the fields of religion, education, and society, has recently received a sharp focus on issues of religious radicalism and terrorism. Pesantren has long been an institution that has an important contribution to participate in the intellectual life of the Indonesian nation. This study aims to analyze the leadership model in student boarding schools that can counteract the growth and development of religious radicalism movements in Indonesia. This research was phenomenological qualitative research that took place in three student boarding schools in Java, Indonesia. The three student boarding schools were the Al-Hikam Student Islamic Boarding School in Malang City, the Al-Jihad Student Islamic Boarding School in Surabaya, and the Budi Mulia Student Islamic Boarding School in Sleman Yogyakarta. Sources of data used included boarding school administrators, students, and alumni, as well as documents and archives. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, observations, document searches, and Focus Group Discussions (FGD). Data analysis was carried out phenomenologically with a systematic procedure. The research findings show that the leadership models in the three student boarding schools generally have similarities even though each pesantren has its characteristics. The leadership model in the three student Islamic boarding schools includes democratic leadership, which is managed in a systematic, open, collegial, and decentralized manner with many individuals who do not fully rely on charisma and are not completely paternalistic. This democratic leadership model has proven to be effective in countering religious radicalism movements in student boarding schools in particular and in society in general.
PERSPEKTIF HUKUM ISLAM TERHADAP PENGAJUAN WALI HAKIM BAGI WANITA YANG TIDAK DIRESTUI NASABNYA
Authors: Erlin Erlin elvina
Published: January 2024

Abstrak

Wali nikah dalam perkawinan merupakan rukun. Artinya harus ada wali dalam perkawinan bagi seorang calon istri. Kedudukan wali dalam pernikahan sebagaimana kebanyakan pendapat para ulama adalah sangat dibutuhkan perannya dan pertanggungjawabannya terhadap sahnya suatu akad pernikahan. Pada kenyataannya wali nikah sering kali menjadi permasalahan dalam melangsungkan perkawinan. Dimana seorang wali tidak mau (adhal) untuk menikahkan anaknya atau yang dibawah perwaliannya dikarenakan adanya hal-hal yang menyebabkan wali tersebut tidak mau untuk menikahkannya. Adapun tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana pandangan hukum islam terhadap pengajuan wali hakim bagi wanita yang tidak direstui nasabnya dan mengetahui apa faktor penyebab perpindahan hak perwalian kepada wali hakim. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian hukum normatif dimana metode ini merupakan suatu metode penelitian hukum yang hanya ditunjukkan pada peraturan tertulis sehingga penelitian ini sangat erat hubungannya pada perpustakaan karena akan membutuhkan data yang bersifat kepustakaan.

 

Kata kunci : Hukum islam, Wali adhal, Wali hakim

                          

Abstract

Marriage guardian in marriage is a pillar. This means that there must be a guardian in marriage for a prospective wife. The position of the guardian in marriage, as most scholars think, is that his role and accountability are needed for the validity of a marriage contract. In fact, marriage guardians are often a problem in getting married. Where a guardian does not want (adhol) to marry off his child or under his guardianship because there are things that cause the guardian not to want to marry him off. The purpose of this study is to find out how Islamic law views the submission of a guardian of judges for women who are not approved by their nasab and find out what are the factors that cause the transfer of guardianship rights to guardian judges. The method used is the normative legal research method where this method is a legal research method that is only shown in written regulations so that this research is very closely related to the library because it will require library data.

                                                                                                                                            

Keyword : Islamic law, Guardian adhal, Guardian judge
NECROPHILIA IN PERSPECTIVES OF INDONESIAN POSITIVE LAW AND ISLAMIC LAW
Authors: Imron Virgin Muthia , Wicaksana Febrian Arif , Santoso Arif Dian
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Necrophilia is one of the sexual crimes committed against corpses. In Indonesia, no law regulates the prohibition of Necrophilia. Meanwhile, Islam has specific and detailed laws governing Necrophilia, and most Indonesian people are Muslim so that it can be used as an illustration in the formation of positive law in Indonesia. Strengthen the judge's view of necrophilia perpetrators by implementing rechtvinding through various methods. From this background, in this study, there are two problem formulations. First, how is the necrophilia law in positive Indonesian law? Second, how is the law of Necrophilia in Indonesia from the perspective of Islamic law? This research aims to enforce the law, to reduce necrophilia crimes, and to create the deterrent effect.

The research method used is normative juridical. The author uses literature research, statutory approaches, and comparisons between Islamic and positive Indonesian law. Followed by the documentation of study data collection techniques and qualitative data analysis techniques, followed by a deductive mindset. So that a theoretical basis can be formed, that, Necrophilia is reviewed in positive Indonesian law and Islamic law, and analysis of Necrophilia in positive Indonesian law and Islamic law.

This study concluded that regarding positive Indonesian law, there are no rules that specifically regulate Necrophilia, as for some regulations that can be imposed in the form of criminal law in accordance with previous crimes such as murder, immorality, and others that can be imposed by judges. As for according to Islamic law, it can be imposed ta'zir or had.
Analisis Hukum Tentang “ Beban” Dalam Program Penyaluran Bantuan Sosial Di Dinas Sosial Kabupaten Semarang
Authors: Islami Dianita Nurul , Pratiwi Farida Hesti
Published: January 2024

Kemisikinan merupakan permasalahan primer nasional yang kini sedang berkembang, khususnya di Indonesia, yang penyelesaiannya memerlukan upaya yang sungguh-sungguh, imajinatif, komprehensif, dan kooperatif. Agenda kemiskinan merupakan permasalahan serius yang saat ini dihadapi dan digeluti oleh wilayah Kabupaten Semarang. Dinas Sosial Kabupaten Semarang mempunyai peran untuk menanggulangi kemiskinan dengan banyak kebijakan, salah satunya upaya penanggulangan kemiskinan dengan program penyaluran Bantuan Sosial. Upaya ini, mengurangi masalah penyandang masalah kemiskinan serta meningkatkan sumber kesejahteraan sosial Dinas Kabupaten Semarang. Tujuan dari penulisan artikel ini adalah untuk mengetahui peran Dinas Sosial di dalam penyaluran bantuan sosial di Kabupaten Semarang. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian yuridis normatif,dimana dalam hal ini analisis hukum berfungsi sebagai sarana untuk mengkaji peraturan hukum, asas-asas hukum yang ada sebagai sarana untuk mengatasi permasalahan hukum yang dibicarakan.
Pengaruh label halal terhadap keputusan pembelian obat (studi kasus di Apotek Karunia Sehat Baru, Ungaran)
Authors: Fatiha Chilmia Nurul , Sawitri Agustina , Ulfah Rina Mariana
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT
Increased awareness of halal products has led to increased interest in drugs containing thayyib and drugs with halal positioning. This interest is an indirect reflection of the influence of religion on purchasing decisions. In addition, price is an important factor to consider when considering a customer's buying interest. Using a survey technique involving filling out questionnaires at Karunia Sehat Baru Pharmacy Ungaran, the aim of this study was to influence the effect of halal labels and prices on the decision-making processes involved in purchasing medicines. The sampling method is accidental non-random sampling. The analytical method used is multiple linear regression analysis. The results of the study show that the results of the t-test partially indicate that the halal label has a significant effect on purchasing decisions; Price also has a significant influence on purchasing decisions regarding medicines. The overall findings from the tests analyzed by the F test simultaneously show that the halal label and price both have a significant influence on the choice of drug to be purchased.
Keywords: price, buying decision, halal label
 
ABSTRAK
Meningkatnya kesadaran akan produk halal menyebabkan meningkatnya minat terhadap obat dengan kandungan thayyib dan obat dengan positioning halal. Minat ini merupakan cerminan tidak langsung dari pengaruh agama terhadap keputusan pembelian. Selain itu, harga merupakan faktor penting untuk dipertimbangkan ketika mempertimbangkan minat beli pelanggan. Menggunakan teknik survei yang melibatkan pengisian kuesioner di Apotek Karunia Sehat Baru Ungaran, tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menentukan pengaruh label halal dan harga terhadap proses pengambilan keputusan yang terlibat dalam pembelian obat-obatan. Metode pengambilan sampel yaitu non-random sampling jenis accidental. Metode analisis yang dilakukan adalah analisis regresi linier berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hasil uji t secara parsial menunjukkan bahwa pengetahuan label halal berpengaruh signifikan terhadap keputusan pembelian; persepsi harga juga memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap keputusan pembelian mengenai obat-obatan. Temuan keseluruhan dari pengujian yang dianalisis dengan uji F simultan menunjukkan bahwa pengetahuan label halal dan persepsi harga keduanya memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap pilihan obat yang akan dibeli.”
Kata Kunci: harga, keputusan pembelian, label halal
A New Gradient-Accelerated Two-Stage Multiobjective Optimization Method for CO2-Alternating-Water Injection in an Oil Reservoir
Authors: Liu Shuaichen , Yuan Bin , Zhang Wei
Published: January 2024

CO2-water-alternating-gas (CO2-WAG) is a reservoir development method that can simultaneously enhance oil recovery and achieve CO2 storage. However, improperly designed parameters for CO2 injection and oil production may significantly reduce the oil displacement efficiency and CO2 storage. Furthermore, optimizing the injection parameters is computationally expensive due to the high computational cost of the compositional simulation. This work aims to propose an efficient optimization method to obtain a series of well-control schemes that balance maximizing net present value (NPV) and CO2 storage for decision-makers. Given the number of CO2-WAG cycles and the duration of each cycle, we optimize the water injection rate, gas injection rate, and half-cycle for the injection well and the bottomhole pressure (BHP) for the production well. In this paper, a two-stage optimization strategy is proposed to enhance the optimization efficiency. The first stage performs the surrogate-assisted single-objective optimizations of each considered objective. It is designed to find the endpoints of the Pareto front that connect all solutions of the multiobjective optimization; this stage not only provides important search directions for the subsequent multiobjective optimization but also improves the accuracy of the surrogate model near the Pareto front. The second stage is the surrogate-assisted multiobjective optimization, which aims to find all the solutions along the Pareto front based on the Pareto endpoints obtained from the first stage. In addition, this study successfully combines the gradient of the objective functions with the meta-heuristic algorithm during the multiobjective optimization, which ensures a faster convergence to the global optimum. The proposed multiobjective optimization algorithm shows faster convergence than the conventional optimization methods when applied to the three multiobjective optimization test functions. Finally, a comparison with the conventional multiobjective optimization is conducted based on one test function and two benchmark reservoir simulation models to verify the correctness and efficiency of the proposed method. It is confirmed that the proposed method outperforms the conventional ones for the optimization of CO2-WAG injection.
Antibacterial mechanism of garviecin LG34 against S. aureus and L. monocytogenes and its application in milk preservation.
Authors: Gao Yurong
Published: January 2024

Purpose The objective of this study was to reveal the antibacterial mode of action of garviecin LG34 against S. aureus CICC 21600 and L. monocytogenes CICC 21633 and measure the inhibitions on these two foodborne pathogenic bacteria in milk.
Methods Antibacterial mechanism of garviecin LG34 was ascertained by its effect on the efflux of Potassium (K+) ions, extracellular electrical conductivity, UV-absorbing substances, potential across the membrane (ΔΨ) and cell permeability. The inhibitions of garviecin LG34 against S. aureus CICC 21600 and L. monocytogenes CICC 21600 in milk was studied by viable counting method.
Results Supplementation with 160 AU/ml of garviecin LG34 had a bactericidal effect on S. aureus CICC 21600 and L. monocytogenes CICC 21633. 160 AU/ml of garviecin LG34 resulted in the effusion of potassium ion and UV-absorbing substances, the leakage of cellular electrolytes and the dissipation of electrical potential across the membrane of these two food-borne bacteria. Moreover, the increase in cell permeability of both strains were observed by flow cytometer after cells treated with 160 AU/ml of garviecin LG34. Garviecin LG34 significantly inhibited the growth of these two food-borne bacteria in the dairy products especially in skimmed milk.
Conclusion Garviecin LG34 could cause pore formation, intracellular materials release and permeability increase of S. aureus CICC 21600 and L. monocytogenes CICC 21633, and could be applied to milk as bio-preservative.
Application of hydrological indices and GIS for the detection of areas at risk of erosion - case study Oued Rhumel watershed, East Algeria
Authors: Miloud Koussa , Berhail Sabri
Published: January 2024

In Algeria, the loss of water capacity in reservoirs is a major challenge in the face of a significant increase in water demand. This loss of resource is due to the sedimentation of reservoirs, one of the most serious consequences of erosion. The use of hydrological indices is widely recognised as a highly effective method of providing input data for the cartographic representation of erosion-prone areas within geographic information systems. In the present study, the hydrological indices essential for erosion modelling were obtained through meticulous processing and analysis of a digital elevation model. The various indices, including sediment transport index, composite topographic index and stream power index, were combined with other relevant issues such as slope, curvature, channel spacing and channel density,
The results of the survey have shown that a significant part of the Oued Rhumel catchment, located in the eastern region of Algeria, i.e. 24.35% or 1,292.72 km2, is located in an extremely high or high erosion zone, which requires the immediate implementation of conservation measures. In addition, a total of 190.81 km2 or 2,024.47 km2 is located in areas with a moderate or low risk of erosion. It is therefore evident that the use of primary and secondary derivatives of the digital elevation model, as well as morphometric parameters, through the application of a spatial analysis tool, is an effective and comprehensive method for identifying erosion-sensitive zones. This approach can be used on a regional or continental scale to facilitate watershed management and monitoring.
Multi-Representation Domain Attentive Contrastive Learning Based Unsupervised Automatic Modulation Recognition
Authors: Shi Xiaoran , Li Yu , Tan Haoyue , Yang Xinyao , Zhou Feng
Published: January 2024

Automatic modulation recognition (AMR) is a crucial technology in the domain of electronic reconnaissance. Benefiting from the powerful feature extraction ability of deep neural networks, the AMR algorithms based on supervised deep learning usually achieve pleasant performance. However, in noncooperative scenarios, high-quality and reliable modulation labels are difficult to obtain. Therefore, this paper proposes a novel unsupervised framework for AMR called Multi-representation Attentive domain Contrastive learning (MAC). Carefully utilizing unlabeled signal data with an unsupervised contrastive learning method across multi-representation domains is a more effective way than directly using different representations as inputs. MAC aims to obtain high-quality signal feature information from unlabelled signals. In detail, inter-domain and intra-domain contrastive learning maximize the mutual modulation features between different representation domains and preserve self-information in In-Phase and Quadrature (I-Q) representation, respectively. Furthermore, the Domain Attention (DA) module shifts the selection of representation domains from the signal level to the feature level. The performance of the proposed framework was assessed through
publicly available datasets. The conducted experiments clearly showed that MAC remarkably outperforms existing unsupervised algorithms in modulation recognition and exhibits superior generalization ability. Moreover, our framework can be extended to accommodate various representation domains and trained end-to-end, thereby significantly enhancing the efficacy of training deep neural networks for automatic modulation classification without the need for labeled data. These results highlight the substantial reduction in the disparity between unsupervised and supervised representation learning in the domain of AMR.
Independent component analysis applied to hermetic reciprocating compressors to predict noise sources
Authors: Neto Marlipe Garcia Fagundes , Duarte Marcus Antonio Viana
Published: January 2024

The quantification and hierarchization of noise sources in machines is essential for developing and building better projects. The independent component analysis methodology was applied to hermetic reciprocating compressors in this study to classify the main noise sources. Five methodologies are presented in the time and frequency domains, for which ERBM is better in the recovery of impulsive sources in the time domain and Jade stands out in the frequency domain for the recovery of harmonic sources. Compressor analysis is restricted to frequencies up to 1000 Hz due to signal synchronization and absence of shell vibrating modes. The effects of gas unbalance and pulsation are observed as the main sources, with the first being responsible for noise at frequencies close to 60 Hz, while pulsation is responsible for the 500 Hz bands.
A pipeline for analysis of allele specific expression reveals salinity-dependent regulation in Nile tilapia
Authors: Campo Aurora , Gershoni Moran , Doron-Faigenboim Adi , Kültz Dietmar , Cnaani Avner
Published: January 2024

Species living in changing environments require the acclimatization of individual organisms, which may be significantly influenced by allele specific expression (ASE). Data from RNA-seq experiments can be used to identify and quantify the expressed alleles. However, conventional allele matching to the reference genome creates a mapping bias towards the reference allele that prevents a reliable estimation of the allele counts. We developed a pipeline that allows identification and unbiased quantification of the alleles corresponding to an RNA-seq dataset, without any previous knowledge of the haplotype. To achieve the unbiased mapping, we generate two pseudogenomes by substituting the alternative alleles on the reference genome. The SNPs are further called against each pseudogenome, providing two SNP data-sets that are averaged for calculation of the allele depth to be merged in a final SNP calling file. The pipeline presented here can calculate ASE in non-model organisms and can be applied to previous RNA-seq data-sets for expanding studies in gene expression regulation.
Health and environmental risk assessment of mercury in outdoor and indoor dust in artisanal and small-scale gold mining area in Amansie-west district in the Ashanti Region of Ghana
Authors: Poku patrick Adu , Addai-Arhin Slyvester , Nimako Collins , Arrazy Syafran , Agustiani Tia , Jeong Huiho , Agusa Tetsuro , Ishibashi Yasuhiro , Kobayashi Jun
Published: January 2024

Mercury (Hg) pollution around artisanal and small-scale gold mining (ASGM) areas has been of much concern. Many studies have reported elevated Hg concentrations in environmental media and human hair, but studies on dust relating to inhalation exposure of Hg are limited. In this study, we investigated mercury (Hg) in indoor and outdoor dust to reveal environmental and human health risk around ASGM in Amansie West district, Ghana. Indoor and outdoor dust samples were collected from Manso Abore and Manso Nkwanta in Ashanti Region, Ghana. The Mean and median value of Hg concentration in the indoor dust were 2.2 ± 3.6 mg/kg (n = 31) and 0.72 mg/kg respectively while that of the outdoor dust were 0.19 ± 0.48 mg/kg (n = 60) and 0.042 mg/kg, respectively. Mean and median Hg concentration in indoor dust were about 11 and 17 times higher respectively than that in the outdoor dust. The Hg concentration in the indoor dust of the miner was statistically significantly higher than that of the non-miner in Manso Abore (p < 0.05) but was not significant in Manso Nkwanta. The geo-accumulation index of the outdoor dust ranged from unpolluted to extremely polluted while that of the indoor dust ranged from moderately polluted to extremely polluted. Health risk assessments suggested that there was no potential non-carcinogenic health effect for Hg exposure relating to the dust to residents living in rooms of miners and non-miners.
Evaluation of tumor uptake and bio-distribution of 99mTc-labeled 1-thio-β-D-glucose and 5-thio-D-glucose in vivo
Authors: Muehlberg Fabian , Mohnike Konrad , Grosser Oliver S , Pech Maciej , Goldschmidt Juergen , Smalla Karl-Heinz , Seidensticker Ricarda , Ümütlü Muzaffer Reha , Deniz Sinan , Ricke Jens , Steffen Ingo G , Öcal Osman , Seidensticker Max
Published: January 2024

Background
To investigate the capacity of 99mTc-labeled 1-thio-β-D-glucose (1-TG) and 5-thio-D-glucose (5-TG) to act as a marker for glucose consumption in tumor cells in vivo as well as to evaluate the biodistribution of 1-TG and 5-TG.
We investigated the biodistribution, including tumor uptake, of 1-TG and 5-TG at various time points after injection (0.5, 2 and 4 h) in human colorectal carcinoma and human lung adenocarcinoma (HCT-116, A549) xenograft bearing nude mice (N=4 per tracer and time point).
Results:
In vivo biodistribution studies revealed a maximum tumor-to-muscle ratio of 4.22 ± 2.7 and 2.2 ± 1.3 (HCT-116) and of 3.2 ± 1.1 and 4.1 ± 1.3 (A549) for 1-TG and 5-TG, respectively, with a peak at 4 hours for 1-TG and 5-TG.
Biodistribution revealed a high uptake in kidneys and liver for 1-TG and in the lung, liver, and kidneys for 5-TG.
Conclusions:
1-TG and 5-TG showed an insufficient tumor uptake for diagnostic use in human colorectal carcinoma and human lung adenocarcinoma xenograft model.
Bone controls browning of white adipose tissue and protects from diet-induced obesity through Schnurri-3-regulated SLIT2 secretion
Authors: Xu Ren , Li Zan , Shi Baohong , Li Na , Sun Jun , Zeng Xiangchen , Bok Seoyeon , Chen Xiaohui , Han Jie , Yallowitz Alisha , Debnath Shawon , Cung Michelle , Ling Zheng , Hong Yixiang , Li Gang , Koenen Mascha , Cohen Paul , Lu Hongbin , Greenblatt Matthew
Published: January 2024

The skeleton has been suggested to function as an endocrine organ controlling whole organism energy balance, however the mediators of this effect and the molecular links between osteoblast function and systemic energy metabolism remain unclear. Here, we utilized Schnurri-3−/− (Shn3−/−) mice with augmented osteoblast activity, to probe the general relationship between bone formation and metabolic syndrome. Shn3−/− mice display resistance against high-fat diet-induced obesity with improved glucose homeostasis and insulin sensitivity associated with enhanced browning of white adipose tissue (WAT). Conditional deletion of Shn3 in osteoblasts (Shn3Osx mice) but not adipocytes (Shn3Adipoq mice) recapitulates the obesity resistance phenotype seen in Shn3−/− mice, indicating that this phenotype is driven by the skeleton. Through in vitro co-culture and in vivo fat-pad transplantation assays, we demonstrate that cytokines secreted by activated osteoblasts lacking Shn3 expression promote WAT browning. Among them, we identify SLIT2 as a Shn3-regulated factor secreted by osteoblasts that regulates WAT browning, with osteoblasts serving as the major source of systemic circulating SLIT2. Lastly, AAV-mediated silencing of Shn3 phenocopied the lean phenotype and augmented glucose metabolism in Shn3-deficient mice. Altogether, our findings establish a novel bone-fat signaling axis via SHN3 regulated production of SLIT2 in osteoblasts, offering a therapeutic target with the potential to address both bone loss and metabolic syndrome.
Comparative Analysis of Pinus halepensis, Pinus brutia, and Pinus pinea Extracts: Chemical Composition and in vitro Bioactivities
Authors: CHAMMAM Amel , FILLAUDEAU Luc , ROMDHANE Mehrez , bouajila jaloul
Published: January 2024

Purpose Traditionally, medicinal plants were frequently used to treat various diseases. In this regard, Pinaceae species (various parts, residues, extracts) is one of the potential traditional plants with health issues such as antibacterial, anti-cancer, and antioxidant activities. In the context of biomass valorization (forest residues) and the development of a circular bioeconomy, pine species generate large amounts of unvalorized cones. In this study, different solvents were used to extract bioactive compounds and evaluate bioactivities from dried and ground pinecones from P. halepensis PA, P. brutia PB and P. pinea PP.
Methods Petal P and heart C from pinecones were manually separated and were milled to investigate successive solvent extraction with increasing polarity: Cyclohexane 1SV, ethyl acetate 2SV and methanol 3SV at 20 °C. Spectrophotometry was used to quantify the total phenolic content TPC and to evaluate the antioxidant and anticancer activities. Gas chromatography with mass spectrometry GC-MS and High-performance liquid chromatography with diode-array HPLC-DAD were used to identify bioactive compounds.
Results The P-3SV extracts showed the highest TPC values and had a significant antioxidant capacity. The extracts of 1SV and 2SV had moderate anticancer activity. HPLC analysis allowed the identification of 38 compounds, twenty-seven of which were not previously detected in these species. Forty-six volatile compounds were identified using GC-MS, thirty-three of which were detected for the first time in this species.
Conclusions This study highlights the considerable potential of pinecones as a valuable reservoir of bioactive compounds and suggests that they can contribute to advances in health.
Extracting Patient Lifestyle Characteristics from Dutch Clinical Text with BERT Models
Authors: Muizelaar Hielke , Haas Marcel , Dortmont Koert van , Putten Peter van der , Spruit Marco
Published: January 2024

Background: BERT models have seen widespread use on unstructured text within the clinical domain. However, little to no research has been conducted into classifying unstructured clinical notes on the basis of patient lifestyle indicators, especially in Dutch. This article aims to test the feasibility of deep BERT models on the task of patient lifestyle classification, as well as introducing an experimental framework that is easily reproducible in future research.
Methods: This study makes use of unstructured general patient text data from HagaZiekenhuis, a large hospital in The Netherlands. Over 148 000 notes were provided to us, which were each automatically labelled on the basis of the respective patients’ smoking, alcohol usage and drug usage statuses. In this paper we test feasibility of automatically assigning labels, and justify it using hand-labelled input. Ultimately, we compare macro F1-scores of string matching, SGD and several BERT models on the task of classifying smoking, alcohol and drug usage. We test Dutch BERT models and English models with translated input.
Results: We find that our further pre-trained MedRoBERTa.nl-HAGA model outperformed every other model on smoking (0.93) and drug usage (0.77). Interestingly, our ClinicalBERT model that was merely fine-tuned on translated text performed best on the alcohol task (0.80). In t-SNE visualisations, we show our MedRoBERTa.nl-HAGA model is the best model to differentiate between classes in the embedding space, explaining its superior classification performance.
Conclusions: We suggest MedRoBERTa.nl-HAGA to be used as a baseline in future research on Dutch free text patient lifestyle classification. We furthermore strongly suggest further exploring the application of translation to input text in non-English clinical BERT research, as we only translated a subset of the full set and yet achieved very promising results.
Contribution of genomic surveillance in the detection and monitoring of SARS variants- CoV-2 during the 6 pandemic waves in the Central African Republic from 2020 to 2023
Authors: RAFAÏ Clotaire Donatien , Lango-Yaya Ernest , Belizaire Marie Roseline Darnicka , Fa-Ti-Gbia Maurel Annicet Adonis Ouoko , Simaleko Marcel Mbeko , Roungou Jean- Baptiste , Senzongo Oscar , Koffi Boniface
Published: January 2024

Objective: The Covid-19 pandemic has highlighted the need to strengthen diagnosis and genomic surveillance capacities. The Central African Republic was able to manage 5 waves during health monitoring and integrated genomic surveillance as a surveillance tool in 2021.
The aim of this study is to report surveillance data from the National Laboratory of Clinical
Biology and Public Health and describe the landscape of circulation of SARS-CoV-2 variants.
Materials and methods: This is a retrospective, descriptive observational study over a period of 3 years (ranging from April 2020 to November 2023) carried out on a population of consenting volunteers, from throughout the CAR, tested by RT -PCR on nasopharyngeal samples with sufficient information in the LNBCSP databases. Sequencing is largely carried out at the INRB in KINSHASA and from May 2023 at the LNBCSP.
Results and discussion: Out of 97,864 RT-PCR tests carried out, 9,764 came back positive, which corresponds to a prevalence of 9.98%. The average age of the patients was 39.97 years ± 13.76 and the sex ratio M/F was 2.12. The positivity of RT-PCR tests was significantly associated with age (p=0.001), sex (p=0.013) and clinical manifestations. Ten variants circulated during the 5 waves recorded. The landscape of circulating variants was dominated by the Omicron (B.1.1.529), Delta (B.1.617.2) variants and especially by B.1.620 and B.640 which marked the second wave in CAR.
Conclusion: This retrospective series provides key information for understanding the history of the Covid-19 pandemic in the CAR. Risk factors are identified and the variant circulation landscape described. Strengthening national genomic surveillance capacities would help the country adopt a better response against this pandemic.
The Current Situation and Internal Pathway of Physical Literacy among Chinese Elementary School Students
Authors: li mengyu , Zan Ziqing , liu lizhu , you lili
Published: January 2024

Background: Physical literacy(PL) is pivotal in improving sedentary behaviors, enhancing intrinsic motivation for physical activity, and supporting the growth and development of adolescents. The study is to measure the current situation and internal pathway of physical literacy among Chinese elementary school students.
Methods: In this study, a questionnaire was developed to measure the PL of elementary school students in China. The results obtained from the questionnaire measurements were used to report on the levels of PL among elementary school students and to explain the internal causal relationships among the various dimensions of PL.
Results: The average score for physical literacy among primary school students is 63.46 points. The qualification rates for physical literacy in three academic stages are 76.35%, 73.45%, and 59.17%. As primary school students advance in grades, the qualification rate for physical competency increases. The qualification rates for physical motivation in the three academic stages are 91.03%, 61.30%, and 63.78%, while the qualification rates for physical participation are 14.48%, 9.97%, and 3.95%. The correlation between physical literacy and physical motivation consistently increases across the three grade levels (r=0.529, r=0.596, r=0.674, P<0.01), but correlations with physical competency (r=0.826, r=0.770, r=0.767) and physical participation (r=0.852, r=0.701, r=0.615) continuously decrease. Physical competency serves as the mediating variable in the influence of physical motivation on physical participation, explaining 56.40% of the effect.
Conclusion: As grades advance, the overall physical literacy qualification rate experiences a yearly decline. Physical competency explains 56.40% of the effect in the influence of physical motivation on physical participation.
Construction of ecological security pattern and connectivity stability evaluation under multi-scenarios simulation : a case study of desert-oasis area in the Yellow River Basin, China
Authors: Cheng Wenhao , Ma Caihong , Li Tongsheng , Liu Yuanyuan
Published: January 2024

Land use change can often threaten ecological space and cause enormous impacts on the ecosystem sustainability, and ecological security patterns (ESPs) had been received more attention in spatial planing. Thus,this paper simulated land use change in future under four development scenarios for the urban agglomerations along the Yellow River Basin(YRB) in Ningxia, identified the ESPs,and assessed the stability of network connectivity for each scenario.The result showed that areas of ecological sources in 2035 under the natural development scenario(NDS),economic development scenario(EDS),food security scenario(FSS),and ecological protection scenario(EPS) are 834.82km2,715.46km2,785.56km2,and 1091.43km2,and the values of overall connectivity（OG）are 0.351,0.466,0.334,0.520,respectively.Under the EPS,the construction of ESPs will have the biggest ecological land use and the best network structure,not only can effectively protect natural ecological,but also reduce the cost of construction in reality.This study provides a valuable reference for diversity and uncertainty of future development,and helps decision-makers management different scales and development scenarios to improve the ecological level of the study area.
Using artificial neural network to evaluate salinity indices to identify rapeseed salinity tolerant cultivars
Authors: Saberi Ali Akbar , Ravari Seid Zabihalla , Mehrban Ahmad , Ganjali Hamid Reza , Oghan Hassan Amiri
Published: January 2024

In arid and semi-arid regions of the world, including Iran, soil salinity is one of the major abiotic stresses. One of the ways to achieve high performance in these areas is to use salt-tolerant varieties of canola. In order to evaluate the salt tolerance of canola genotypes based on the eight indices using analysis of variance, regression and an artificial neural network (ANN), 39 cultivars and liens of rapeseed were evaluated in terms of tolerance to salinity with the Artificial Neural Network and other statistical methods. Canola varieties were sown in a randomized complete block experiment with four replications in two not identical irrigation conditions (normal and salinity, respectively, 0.831 dSm−1 and 8.7 dSm−1) in Kerman, Iran. The experimental outcomes (the existence of a significant difference between cultivars, as well as the significance of the environmental × cultivar interaction effect and on the other hand the non-significance, 0.021, of the correlation between cultivar's performance in two irrigation conditions) showed that there are the necessary genetic diversity between genotypes for breeding purposes. The four endurance indices including harmonic mean, stress tolerance index, mean product, and geometric mean product had positive and significant correlations with seed performance in both irrigation conditions. According to this, these four indices were the best for predicting salinity tolerant cultivars. The varieties such as Talaye, Talaieh, T98007, Ahmadi, Modena, Option 500 and PP-4010 had high yield in both environments and they are recommended for cultivation in salty soils.
Association between mixed exposure of phthalates and migraine: Evidence from NHANES 2003-2004
Authors: Sun Yize , Yu Shencun , Wang Zheyi
Published: January 2024

Background
Estrogen fluctuations influence the incidence of migraine, and phthalates are representative chemicals for isoestrogens. However, the combined effects of phthalate exposure on migraine have not been explored. It’s also unknown whether the effects of phthalates on migraine are gender-specific.
Methods
We used the multiple logistic regression, weighted quantile sum (WQS), and bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) models to evaluate the associations between migraine and mixed phthalates in participants from NHANES 2003–2004.
Results
A total of 1310 participants were included in the study. In logistic regression, MEP was significantly associated with migraine in the second quartile (OR = 1.78, 95% CI = 1.17–2.70, P = 0.0067). The results stratified by sex showed no increase in the odds of current migraines after exposure to phthalate metabolites in either man or woman. The results in the positive mode showed that WQS index was significantly associated with migraine in crude model (OR = 1.33, 95% CI = 1.06–1.67, P = 0.014), but not in fully adjusted models (OR = 1.05, 95% CI = 0.83–1.34, P = 0.693). In the negative WQS model, the difference was not statistically significant. MHH and MC1 were the most weighted chemicals in the positive and negative modes, respectively. In BKMR analysis, when the chemical concentrations were in 50 percent digits or higher, the potential continuous outcome trend for migraine increased relative to their 45 percent digits, but the upward trend is not significant. MHH and MC1 showed positive trends. The effects of phthalates on migraine were not influenced by gender in both the BKMR model and the WQS model.
Conclusion
The joint effect of phthalates exposure on migraine was not significant, and there was still no significant association either in the male or the female subgroups.
Cannabis donation as a harm reduction strategy: A case study
Authors: Clarke Sarah E. Duhart , Victor Grant , Lynch Pamela , Suen Leslie W. , Ray Bradley
Published: January 2024

Background
The United States (US) continues to experience unprecedented rates of overdose mortality and there is increased need to identify effective harm reduction practices. Research from Canada describes cannabis donation through harm reduction agencies as an adjunctive strategy to mitigate the negative consequences of more harmful drugs. This case study describes the operational logistics, feasibility, and potential benefits of a cannabis donation program that was operated through a harm reduction program in rural Michigan.
Case presentation:
We applied a community driven research approach to gather information from harm reduction program staff about the implementation and evolution of cannabis donation efforts in Michigan. We also examined 20-months (September 2021 through May 2023) of administrative data from a cannabis company to compare the sale and donation of cannabis products. Ten cannabis-experienced harm reduction clients received cannabis donations, with clinical staff determining client interest and appropriateness, and providing weekly pick-up or delivery. To expand product availability and sustainability, we examined administrative data from a retail cannabis company that volunteered to provide donations. This administrative data suggests that while flower products constitute most of the adult and medical sales, edible, oil, and topical products predominated donations. Further, cost analysis suggests that donations represent only 1% of total gross sales and account for much less than the expected yearly donation amount.
Conclusions
Research suggests there is potential to reduce alcohol and drug use related harms of more dangerous substances through substitution with cannabis. This case study is the first to document cannabis donation as a harm reduction practice in the US and suggests potential for sustainability dependent on state laws. Findings from this case study provide a starting point for inquiry into cannabis donation as a harm reduction strategy in the US; future research is needed to fully understand the individual-level outcomes, public health impacts, necessary legal regulations, and best practices for cannabis donation programs through harm reduction organizations.
Influencing the corrosion rates of titanium and titanium nitride surfaces by incorporation of iridium or ruthenium during femtosecond laser treatment
Authors: Hüne Dorian , Dittrich Arne , Gimpel Thomas
Published: January 2024

Structuring by femtosecond laser process is a promising technique for improving the performance of porous transport layers (PTL) in proton exchange membrane (PEM) electrolysis. As an increase in surface area and a raise of crevices always promotes corrosion, a method must be found to prevent a shortening of the component lifespan. In this paper a method of implanting additional elements from coatings into titanium, while simultaneously nitriding the surface by processing under nitrogen atmosphere is presented. Ruthenium and Iridium were chosen as materials because they are commonly used as catalyst and corrosion-inhibitor in PEM-cells. Especially ruthenium showed promising ability in decreasing corrosion rates while increasing surface conductivity at the same time. Specifically, in samples processed under nitrogen, the addition of ruthenium was able to decrease the impact of laser processing on corrosion rates by up to 46%.
Learning Lightweight Tea Detector with Reconstructed Feature and Dual Distillation
Authors: Zheng Zhe , Zuo Guanpeng , Zhang Wu , Zhang Chenlu , Zhang Jing , Rao Yuan , Jiang Zhaohui
Published: January 2024

Currently, image recognition based on deep neural networks has become the mainstream direction of research, and significant progress has been made in its application in the field of tea detection. Many deep models exhibit high recognition rates in tea leaves detection. However, deploying these models directly on tea-picking equipment in natural environments is impractical. The extremely high parameters and computational complexity of these models make it challenging to perform real-time tea leaves detection. Meanwhile, lightweight models struggle to achieve competitive detection accuracy. Therefore, this paper addresses the issue of computational resource constraints in remote mountain areas and proposes Reconstructed Feature and Dual Distillation (RFDD) to enhance the detection capability of lightweight models for tea leaves. In our method, the Reconstructed Feature selectively masks the feature of the student model based on the spatial attention map of the teacher model and utilizes a generation block to force the student model to generate the teacher’s full feature. The Dual Distillation comprises Decoupled Distillation and Global Distillation. Decoupled Distillation divides the reconstructed feature into foreground and background features based on the Ground-Truth. This compels the student model to allocate different attention to foreground and background, focusing on their critical pixels and channels. However, Decoupled Distillation leads to the loss of relation knowledge between foreground and background pixels. Therefore, we further perform Global Distillation to extract this lost knowledge. Since RFDD only requires loss calculation on feature map, it can be easily applied to various detectors. We conducted experiments on detectors with different frameworks, using a tea dataset captured at the Huangshan Houkui Tea Plantation. The experimental results indicate that, under the guidance of RFDD, the student detectors have achieved performance improvements to varying degrees. For instance, a one-stage detector like RetinaNet (ResNet-50) experienced a 3.14% increase in Average Precision (AP) after RFDD guidance. Similarly, a two-stage model like Faster RCNN (ResNet-50) obtained a 3.53% improvement in AP. This offers promising prospects for lightweight models to efficiently perform real-time tea leaves detection tasks.
Initiation reactivity of cyclic nitramines mixed crystals from the perspective of XPS application
Authors: Patil Veerabhadragouda B. , Pereira Jhonatan Rodriguez , Zeman Svatopluk
Published: January 2024

The nitramines ε- and β-2,4,6,8,10,12-hexanitro-2,4,6,8,10,12-hexaazaisowurtzitanes (ε-CL-20 and β-CL-20), cis-1,3,4,6-tetranitrooctahydroimidazo-[4,5-d]imidazole (BCHMX), six β-CL20/BCHMX co-agglomerates (CACs) and 1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazepane (TTAZ) have been subjected to XPS analysis to determine their N 1s (N-NO2) and O 1s (NO2) binding energies (Ebind). The Ebind values for N 1s have been found to be closely related to the molecular structure of the nitramines studied; their growth logically corresponds to a decrease in sensitivity to both impact and electric spark. The Ebind of O1s is mostly inversely related to the energy of impact and directly proportional to that of sparks. For detonation rates, the Ebind values for pure nitramines are directly proportional; for CACs, however, this relationship is inversely proportional. These findings are supported by analogous Ebind relations with crystal density, especially in the case of the O 1s. In terms of co-crystal identification among CACs, there are auxiliary relations exist between Ebind values on the one hand and the values of Raman ring deformation vibration (wrt O 1s Ebind) and FTIR symmetric N-O stretching (wrt N 1s Ebind) on the other. All the relationships found are discussed. The Hirshfeld analysis of CL20 shows more stable intermolecular fingerprint plots for its β-isomer than for its ɛ-analog, which might be a reason for the stabilization of this nitramine in co-crystals.
Radiomic Biomarkers of Locoregional Recurrence: Prognostic Insights from Oral Cavity Squamous Cell Carcinoma preoperative CT scans
Authors: Ren Lei , Ling Xiao , Alexander Gregory , Molitoris Jason , Choi Jinhyuk , Schumaker Lisa , Mehra Ranee , Gaykalova Daria
Published: January 2024

This study aimed to identify CT-based imaging biomarkers for locoregional recurrence (LR) in Oral Cavity Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC) patients. Our study involved a retrospective review of 78 patients with OSCC who underwent surgical treatment at a single medical center. An approach involving feature selection and statistical model diagnostics was utilized to identify biomarkers. Two radiomics biomarkers, Large Dependence Emphasis (LDE) of the Gray Level Dependence Matrix (GLDM) and Long Run Emphasis (LRE) of the Gray Level Run Length Matrix (GLRLM) of the 3D Laplacian of Gaussian (LoG σ = 3), have demonstrated the capability to preoperatively distinguish patients with and without LR, exhibiting exceptional testing specificity (1.00) and sensitivity (0.82). The group with LRE > 2.99 showed a 3-year recurrence-free survival rate of 0.81, in contrast to 0.49 for the group with LRE ≤ 2.99. Similarly, the group with LDE > 120 showed a rate of 0.82, compared to 0.49 for the group with LDE ≤ 120. These biomarkers broaden our understanding of using radiomics to predict OSCC progression, enabling personalized treatment plans to enhance patient survival.