bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Spectrum of cardiac diseases among young and older adults defined by echocardiography at Jakaya Kikwete Cardiac Institute: A prospective cross-sectional study
Authors: Jonathan Irene Abela , Kifai Engerasiya , Chillo Pilly
Published: July 2023

Background

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, with data showing an increasing trend. Previously uncommon, CVDs of lifestyle are now increasing in many Sub-Sahara African (SSA) countries including Tanzania. The study aimed at determining the spectrum and distribution of CVDs among young (< 45 years) and older (≥ 45 years) adults referred for echocardiography at Jakaya Kikwete Cardiac Institute (JKCI).

Methods

Hospital-based cross sectional study was conducted among adult patients referred for echocardiography at JKCI between July and December 2021. Patient’s socio-demographic and clinical characteristics were recorded. CVD diagnoses were made using established diagnostic criterias. Comparisons were done using chi-square test and student’s t-test. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to determine factors associated with abnormal echocardiography. A significance level was set at p-value < 0.05.

Results

In total 1,050 patients (750 old and 300 young adults) were enrolled. The mean ± SD age was 62.2 ± 10.4 years and 33.5 ± 7.4 years for older and young adults respectively. Hypertension was the commonest indication for echocardiography both in the young (31%) and older (80%) adults. Majority of older adults were found to have abnormal echocardiography (90.7%), while only 44.7% of the young adults had abnormal echocardiography (p < 0.001). For the older adults, the commonest diagnoses were HHD (70.3%), IHD (9.7%), and non-ischemic cardiomyopathy (6.1%) while for young adults, HHD (16.7%), non-ischemic cardiomyopathy (8%), RHD (8%) and MVP (4.3%) were the commonest. The differences in the echocardiographic diagnoses between young and older adults were statistically significant, p < 0.001. Being an older adult, hypertensive, overweight/obese were independently associated with abnormal echocardiography (p < 0.01).

Conclusion

Hypertensive heart disease is the most common diagnosis among adult patients referred for echocardiography at JKCI, both in young and older adults. Primary prevention, early detection and treatment of systemic hypertension should be reinforced in order to delay or prevent its complications.
Establishment of a risk classifier to predict the in-hospital death risk of nosocomial fungal infections in cancer patients
Authors: Wang Ruoxuan , Jiang Aimin , Zhang Rui , Shi Chuchu , Ding Qianqian , Liu Shihan , Zhao Fumei , Ma Yuyan , Liu Junhui , Fu Xiao , Liang Xuan , Ruan Zhiping , Yao Yu , Tian Tao
Published: July 2023

Background

Patients with malignancy are at a higher risk of developing nosocomial infections. However, limited studies investigated the clinical features and prognostic factors of nosocomial infections due to fungi in cancer patients. Herein, this study aims to investigate the clinical characteristics of in-hospital fungal infections and develop a nomogram to predict the risk of in-hospital death during fungal infection of hospitalized cancer patients.

Methods

This retrospective observational study enrolled cancer patients who experienced in-hospital fungal infections between September 2013 and September 2021. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to identify independent predictors of in-hospital mortality. Variables demonstrating significant statistical differences in the multivariate analysis were utilized to construct a nomogram for personalized prediction of in-hospital death risk associated with nosocomial fungal infections. The predictive performance of the nomogram was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, calibration curves, and decision curve analysis.

Results

A total of 216 participants were included in the study, of which 57 experienced in-hospital death. C.albicans was identified as the most prevalent fungal species (68.0%). Respiratory infection accounted for the highest proportion of fungal infections (59.0%), followed by intra-abdominal infection (8.8%). The multivariate regression analysis revealed that Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group Performance Status (ECOG-PS) 3–4 (odds ratio [OR] = 6.08, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.04–18.12), pulmonary metastases (OR = 2.76, 95%CI: 1.11–6.85), thrombocytopenia (OR = 2.58, 95%CI: 1.21–5.47), hypoalbuminemia (OR = 2.44, 95%CI: 1.22–4.90), and mechanical ventilation (OR = 2.64, 95%CI: 1.03–6.73) were independent risk factors of in-hospital death. A nomogram based on the identified risk factors was developed to predict the individual probability of in-hospital mortality. The nomogram demonstrated satisfactory performance in terms of classification ability (area under the curve [AUC]: 0.759), calibration ability, and net clinical benefit.

Conclusions

Fungi-related nosocomial infections are prevalent among cancer patients and are associated with poor prognosis. The constructed nomogram provides an invaluable tool for oncologists, enabling them to make timely and informed clinical decisions that offer substantial net clinical benefit to patients.
What is the role of global health and sustainable development in Swedish medical education? A qualitative study of key stakeholders’ perspectives
Authors: Velin Lotta , Svensson Pia , Alfvén Tobias , Agardh Anette
Published: July 2023

Background

Global health and sustainable development have increasingly been recognised as important parts of medical education, yet education on these issues remains fragmented and scarce. In 2020, a bill to reform the national medical curricula across all Swedish medical schools was introduced, including a greater emphasis on global health and sustainable development. This study aimed to explore the perspectives of key stakeholders in medical education on the role of global health and sustainable development in Swedish medical education.

Methods

This was a qualitative study based on semi-structured interviews with 11 key stakeholders in medical education, broadly defined as faculty board members (dean and/or vice-deans for medical education) and/or programme chairs representing six universities. Data were analysed using qualitative content analyis (QCA). The study was conducted according to the Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative research (COREQ) guidelines.

Results

Stakeholders discussed the challenges and opportunities associated with the modification of medical education, which was seen as necessary modernisation to fit the changing societal perception of the role of medical doctors. The anchoring process of redesigning the curriculum and integrating global health and sustainable development was discussed, with emphasis on ownership and mandate and the role of teachers and students in the process. Finding a shared understanding of global health and sustainable development was perceived as a challenge, associated with resistance due to fear of curriculum overload. To overcome this, integrating global health and sustainable development with other topics and developing existing components of the curricula were seen as important. Additionally, it was stressed that fostering capacity building and developing infrastructure, including utilization of digital tools and collaborations, were essential to ensure successful implementation.

Conclusions

Medical institutions should prepare future doctors to respond to the needs of a globalised world, which include knowledge of global health and sustainable development. However, conceptual uncertainties and questions about ownership remain among key stakeholders in medical education. Yet, key stakeholders also highlight that the inclusion of global health and sustainable development in the new curricula represents multiple overarching educational opportunities that can bring about necessary improvement.
Profile of long COVID symptoms needing rehabilitation: a cross-sectional household survey of 12,925 SARS-CoV-2 cases between July and December 2021 in Bangladesh
Authors: Kabir Md. Feroz , Yin Khin Nyein , Jeffree Mohammad Saffree , Ahmedy Fatimah Binti , Jahan Sharmila , Islam Md. Waliul , Jahid Iqbal Kabir , Sivan Manoj , Chakrovorty Sonjit Kumar , Hossain K. M. Amran
Published: July 2023

Background and aims

: It is important to determine the profile of long COVID (LC) symptoms within the scope of rehabilitation in Bangladesh. This study’s objective was to estimate the newly experienced long COVID symptoms needing rehabilitation by determining the prevalence and spectrum of impairments due to LC in Bangladesh.

Methods

A Cross-sectional household survey of 12,925 COVID-19 patients confirmed by RT-PCR from 24 testing facilities in Bangladesh. LC was diagnosed according to WHO working group definition. COVID-19 Yorkshire Rehabilitation Scale (C19-YRS) was used to determine the symptom responses, symptom severity, new long COVID symptoms, and scope of rehabilitation.

Results

The population proportion of LC symptoms requiring rehabilitation interventions are 0.22 [95% CI, 0.20–0.24] in Bangladeshi people diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2. Among them, 0.08 [95% CI, 0.07–0.09] had mild, 0.07 [95% CI, 0.06–0.09] had moderate, and 0.05 [95% CI, 0.04–0.06] had severe long COVID symptoms (LCS). There was a significant positive correlation between LCS and functional disabilities (r = 0.889, p < 0.001), while a negative correlation was observed between the severity of symptoms and overall health (r=-0.658, p < 0.001). In comparison to the pre-COVID status, 17 new LCS were observed and the increase in the scope of rehabilitation intervention among LCS ranged between 0.01 [95% CI, 0.001–0.01] and 0.21 [95% CI, 0.19–0.22]. In Bangladesh, 59% (n = 334) of the LC cases are out of reach for any rehabilitation interventions.

Conclusion

Nearly one-fourth of Bangladeshi Post-COVID-19 have long COVID (LC). Seventeen symptoms (LCS) were observed and more than half of the populations having long COVID are out of reach of any rehabilitation facilities.
Oral health and individuals with a lived experience of an eating disorder: a qualitative study
Authors: Patterson-Norrie Tiffany , Ramjan Lucie , Sousa Mariana S. , George Ajesh
Published: July 2023

Background

Limited evidence exists describing the impact to oral health when living with an eating disorder and the availability of information or access to oral health services. This study investigated the perceptions of individuals with a lived experience of an eating disorder specifically to understand their needs and recommendations for improving access to early intervention and oral health promotion.

Methods

Using purposive sampling a total of 12 semi-structured interviews were conducted with participants across Australia who had a lived experience of an eating disorder. A hybrid inductive and deductive approach to thematic analysis was used to construct salient themes and subthemes.

Results

Most participants had experienced some oral health manifestation as part of their eating disorder hence, many felt quite knowledgeable on the topic. Following their eating disorder many participants felt confident in engaging with dental services, although, barriers including embarrassment, shame, and cost compromised access at times. Participants felt strongly that greater emphasis on oral health promotion during an eating disorder was important and this may be achieved by increasing the availability of resources and using trusted non-dental health professionals like dietitians.

Conclusions

The need for oral health promotion while experiencing an eating disorder was evident, however, dentists can often be a costly option. Non-dental health professionals like dietitians working with clients with an eating disorder may be an acceptable alternative for closing this gap.
Comparative analysis of binary and one-class classification techniques for credit card fraud data
Authors: Leevy Joffrey L. , Hancock John , Khoshgoftaar Taghi M.
Published: July 2023

The yearly increase in incidents of credit card fraud can be attributed to the rapid growth of e-commerce. To address this issue, effective fraud detection methods are essential. Our research focuses on the Credit Card Fraud Detection Dataset, which is a widely used dataset that contains real-world transaction data and is characterized by high class imbalance. This dataset has the potential to serve as a benchmark for credit card fraud detection. Our work evaluates the effectiveness of two supervised learning classification techniques, binary classification and one-class classification, for credit card fraud detection. The performance of five binary-class classification (BCC) learners and three one-class classification (OCC) learners is evaluated. The metrics used are area under the precision-recall curve (AUPRC) and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC). Our results indicate that binary classification is a better approach for detecting credit card fraud than one-class classification, with the top binary classifier being CatBoost.
Can family determine competition within the college campus? the effect of family background on college students’ human capital accumulation
Authors: Li Chunling , Guo Yaping
Published: July 2023

Using the Panel Survey of Chinese University Students, this paper systematically analyzes the effect of family background on the human capital accumulation of college students. This study finds that family background has little influence in elite universities, where the selective elimination effect is a determinant. In nonelite universities, however, family background and cultural reproduction mechanisms have significant influence, although individual efforts also factor in the process. In vocational colleges, neither cultural reproduction nor meritocracy is significantly effective. The universalization of higher education has caused divergence in different types of institutions, sorting college students into different competitive fields with different rules. Both the cultural reproduction mechanism and the selective elimination hypothesis can be identified in all kinds of colleges, but their effect varies in relation to institutional types.
Μελέτη της επίδρασης των εξωγενώς χορηγούμενων αναλόγων ή αναστολέων των microRNA στην αγγειογένεση μετά από πρόκληση ισχαιμίας σκέλους σε μύες
Authors: Θεοφίλης Παναγιώτης
Published: July 2023

Εισαγωγή: Τα MicroRNAs (miRs) έχουν συσχετιστεί με την αγγειογένεση και μπορεί να αποδειχθούν ως σημαντικοί μελλοντικοί θεραπευτικοί στόχοι στις ισχαιμικές καρδιαγγειακές παθήσεις. Σκοπός: Μελετήσαμε την πιθανολογούμενη προ-αγγειογενετική δράση του miR-126 μέσω της χορήγησης ενός αναλόγου σε ένα in vivo μοντέλο ισχαιμίας σκέλους. Μέθοδοι: Άρρενες μύες C57BL/6, ηλικίας 10 εβδομάδων, υποβλήθηκαν σε απολίνωση της αριστερής μηριαίας αρτηρίας και έλαβαν ανάλογο miR-126 σε δόση 5 mg/kg (Ομάδα A, n=10) ή 5 mg/kg ανάλογο miR negative control (Ομάδα B, n=10) τις ημέρες 1, 3, and 7. Πραγματοποιήθηκε απεικόνιση με laser doppler για να επιβεβαιωθεί η επιτυχής απολίνωση την ημέρα 0 και να εκτιμηθούν οι μεταβολές στο λόγο αιμάτωσης ισχαιμικού/μη ισχαιμικού σκέλους έως την ημέρα 28. Η ιστική έκφραση του miR-126 και του αγγειακού ενδοθηλιακού αυξητικού παράγοντα (VEGF) εκτιμήθηκαν με τη μέθοδο PCR. Αποτελέσματα: Μετά τη χορήγηση ανάλογου miR-126 στην Ομάδα A, παρατηρήσαμε μία κλιμακωτή αύξηση του λόγου αιμάτωσης ισχαιμικού/μη ισχαιμικού σκέλους στην ομάδα Α (Ημέρα 0: 0,364 ± 0,032 έναντι Ημέρα 7: 0,788 ± 0,049 έναντι Ημέρα 28: 0,750 ± 0,039, p=0,001). Στην Ομάδα Β παρατηρήθηκε επίσης μια κλιμακωτή αύξηση στο λόγο αιμάτωσης ισχαιμικού/μη ισχαιμικού σκέλους (Ημέρα 0: 0,272 ± 0,057 έναντι Ημέρα 8: 0,382 ± 0,020 έναντι Ημέρα 28: 0,542 ± 0,028, p=0,074). Ωστόσο, οι ανά το χρόνο αλλαγές στο λόγο αιμάτωσης ισχαιμικού/μη ισχαιμικού σκέλους ήταν σημαντικά υψηλότερες στην Ομάδα Α (miR-126 ανάλογο) συγκριτικά με την ομάδα ελέγχου (p for interaction=0,005). Η ιστική έκφραση του miR126 στο ισχαιμικό σκέλος των μυών της Ομάδας Α ήταν 350 φορές χαμηλότερη συγκριτικά με το ισχαιμικό σκέλος των μυών της Ομάδας Β (p<0,001). Παρατηρήθηκε υψηλότερη έκφραση (κατά 14,2 φορές) του VEGF στο ισχαιμικό σκέλος της Ομάδας Α συγκριτικά με την Ομάδα Β (p<0,001). Διαπιστώθηκε μια στατιστικά σημαντική αρνητική συσχέτιση μεταξύ του ιστικού miR-126 και VEGF στα ισχαιμικά σκέλη και των δύο ομάδων. Συμπέρασμα: Η χορήγηση miR-126 στο ισχαιμικό σκέλος μυών βελτίωσε την αγγειακή αιμάτωση με αυξημένη έκφραση VEGF.
Fear of covid-19 and covid-19 anxiety as predictors of adherence to treatment in patients with epilepsy
Authors: Sungur Meltem , Arda Sürücü Hamdiye , Köleoğlu Şerife , Altay Çimen
Published: July 2023

Background: The study aimed to examine fear of COVID-19 and Coronavirus Anxiety as predictors of adherence to treatment in individuals diagnosed with epilepsy during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Method and Material: The study was carried out in a university hospital. The research sample consisted of 154 epilepsy patients. The patient identification form, Coronavirus (Covid-19) Fear Scale, Coronavirus Anxiety Scale, and the Medication Adherence Report Scale (MARS) were used as data collection tools. The data were shown as percentages and mean ± standard deviation (SD), and Pearson/Spearmen correlation and linear regression analyses were used to examine the relationship between the variables.
Results: The results of the analysis demonstrated that the model established for medication adherence in epilepsy patients was significant (F: 12,892, p < 0.001). In addition, for medication adherence, COVID-19 anxiety (β = -0.312), regular drug use (β = 0.242), seizure frequency (β = -0.234), and accommodation in the city center (β = -0.173) were found to be statistically significant predictors (p < 0.001). It was found that the variables explained 24% of the total variance.
Conclusions: It should be remembered that infectious diseases such as COVID-19 can reoccur and that it is necessary to be prepared for new contagious diseases likely to occur. In case of the recurrence of infectious diseases such as COVID-19, it is important to conduct interventional/experimental studies on how to increase medication adherence of patients and how to reduce COVID-19 anxiety.
Nursing handover the unknown X in the implementation of best nursing practice
Authors: Rikos Nikolaos
Published: July 2023

No abstract available
Δια βίου Μάθηση ή Εκπαίδευση Ενηλίκων: εννοιολογικές αποσαφηνίσεις, εμπόδια, στρατηγικές και θεωρίες μάθησης
Authors: Κοσμίδου Μαριγούλα
Published: July 2023

Στο παρόν άρθρο επιχειρείται βιβλιογραφικά μια αποσαφήνιση των όρων της δια βίου μάθησης, της συνεχιζόμενης εκπαίδευσης και της εκπαίδευσης των ενηλίκων καθώς επίσης των μορφών εκπαίδευσης ήτοι, της τυπικής, της περιοδικής και της άτυπης. Συνοπτικά παρατίθενται οι φορείς της δια βίου μάθησης στην Ελλάδα καθώς και ο ορισμός αυτής από το ελληνικό και ευρωπαϊκό θεσμικό πλαίσιο. Η έννοια της ενηλικιότητας αναπτύσσεται ενώ οι θεμελιωτές της εκπαίδευσης ενηλίκων και οι θεωρίες μάθησης διαχρονικά μέσα από μια βιβλιογραφική ανασκόπηση αποτυπώνονται. Τα εμπόδια που εμφανίζονται στην εκπαίδευση των ενηλίκων εξ αιτίας της ενηλικιότητας καθώς και οι στρατηγικές που οι ενήλικες χρησιμοποιούν αναφέρονται στην προσπάθειας της ανάπτυξης των δια βίου μάθησης.
Maryja "piękna owieczka" w "Homilii Paschalnej" Melitona z Sardes
Authors: Misiarczyk Leszek
Published: July 2023

Mariologia nie jest tematem centralnym Homilii Paschalnej Melitona z Sardes, ale pojawia się zawsze w kontekście rozważań na temat zbawczej roli Chrystusa. Maryja pojawia się w tekście cztery razy, w r. 66, 70, 71 i 104, z czego trzy razy w pierwszej jej części dotyczącej typologicznej interpretacji Wj 12 (r. 66, 70 i 71) i jeden raz w Epilogu (r.104). W r. 70 Meliton przedstawia tajemnicę wcielenia słowami „On to z Dziewicy wziął ciało (Οὗτος ἐστιν ὁ ἐν παρθένῳ σαρκωθείς)” i dokładnie taki sam zwrot pojawia się w r. 104 „On przyjął ciało z Dziewicy (ὁ ἐν παρθένῳ σαρκωθείς)”. Na wyrażenie tajemnicy wcielenia Meliton używa czasownika greckiego σαρκόω, który nie występuje ani w Nowym Testamencie, ani w pismach Ojców Apostolskich czy Apologetów greckich. Justyn wprowadził wcześniej nelogizm grecki na wyrażenie tajemnicy wcielenia Chrystusa σαρκωποιεῖν (1 Apol. 32,10; 66,2; Dial. 45,4; 84,2; 100,2), ale Meliton nie idzie za nim, lecz jest pierwszym autorem chrześcijańskim, który wprowadza do użycia właśnie czasownik σαρκόω na opisanie tajemnicy wcielenia Chrystusa. Po nim będzie go używał Ireneusz, i co ciekawe, pojawi się on również w Credo nicejskim (σαρκωθέντα/incarnatus est) a także w Symbolu cezarejskim (σαρκωθέντα) i nicejsko-konstantynopolitańskim (σαρκωθέντα/incarnatus est), choć w Credo nicejskim i nicejsko-konstantynopolitańskim zostanie uzupełnione „stał się człowiekiem” (ἐνανθρωπήσανταἐ/humanatus est). W r. 66 pojawia się po raz pierwszy w Homilii tematyka wcielenia: „w niego (=człowieka cierpiącego) się też przyodział w łonie Dziewicy, skąd wyszedł człowiekiem (αὐτὸν δὲ ἐκεῖνον ἐνδυσάμενς διὰ παρθένου μήτρας καὶ προελθὼν ἄνθρωπος)”. Homila Melitona łączy wyraźnie obydwa schematy chrystologiczne Logos-sarks i Logos-anthropos i to nie pod wpływem herezji apolinaryzmu, ale z powody zwykłej konieczności.  Maryja pojawia się natomiast wyraźnie expressis verbis w r. 71 Homilii Melitona, gdzie czytamy „On to narodził się z Maryi, pięknej owieczki (Οὗτος ἐστιν ὁ τεχθεὶς ἐκ Μαρίας τῆς καλῆς ἀμνάδος)”. W tym zwrocie widzimy już wyraźnie użyty ewangeliczny czasownik τεκεῖν na wyrażenie narodzenia Jezusa oraz antydoketystyczne ἐκ, które będzie coraz częściej używane w drugiej połowie II wieku. Tekst nie wspomina nic o dziewictwie Maryi a jedynie wymienia jej imię, ale w kontekście całego tekstu nie ma wątpliwości, że dla Melitona Maryja jest Dziewicą. Zwrot Melitona „Maryja piękna owieczka (καλῆς ἀμνάδος)” z pewnością zawiera ideę dziewictwa i świętości Maryi oraz jej cierpień spowodowanych cierpieniem Jej Syna, Baranka paschalnego. Trudno natomiast do końca rozstrzygnąć czy ten zwrot można rozumieć jako „owieczka niepokalana”. Jeśli tak, to z pewnością byłaby to jedna z najstarszych określeń Maryi niepokalaną, ale bez łączenia tej idei z Jej niepokalanym poczęciem, tak jak to zostanie później określone w Kościele.
Krótka historia stuletniej biblioteki
Authors: Piotrowska Anna
Published: July 2023

The article discusses the history of the Hugon Kołłątaj Voivodeship Pedagogical Library in Krakow. The author also presents its modern educational activities as well as challenges resulting from the technological development. An account of the centenary celebration of the library has been here included.
Interpretable Prediction Rules for Congestion Risk in Intensive Care Units
Authors: Bravo Fernanda , Rudin Cynthia , Shaposhnik Yaron , Yuan Yuting
Published: July 2023

We study the problem of predicting congestion risk in intensive care units (ICUs). Congestion is associated with poor service experience, high costs, and poor health outcomes. By predicting future congestion, decision makers can initiate preventive measures, such as rescheduling activities or increasing short-term capacity, to mitigate the effects of congestion. To this end, we consider well-established queueing models of ICUs and define “high-risk states” as system states that are likely to lead to congestion in the near future. We strive to formulate rules for determining whether a given system state is high risk. We design the rules to be interpretable (informally, easy to understand) for their practical appeal to stakeholders. We show that for simple Markovian queueing systems, such as the [Formula: see text] queue with multiple patient classes, our rules take the form of linear and quadratic functions on the state space. For more general queueing systems, we employ methods from queueing theory, simulation, and machine learning (ML) to devise interpretable prediction rules, and we demonstrate their effectiveness through an extensive computational study, which includes a large-scale ICU model validated using data. Our study shows that congestion risk can be effectively and transparently predicted using linear ML models and interpretable features engineered from the queueing model representation of the system.

History: This paper has been accepted for the Service Science/Stochastic Systems Joint Special Issue.

Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/stsy.2022.0018 .
Análisis de discursos sobre el “sujeto” del feminismo en Chile
Authors: Loaiza Cárdenas Cecilia
Published: July 2023

El artículo tiene por objetivo indagar en los discursos presentes en el feminismo chileno respecto a la discusión sobre la definición del sujeto del feminismo. Para ello, se empleó una metodología cualitativa con enfoque feminista que consistió en la realización de entrevistas en profundidad a seis activistas, escritoras y/o académicas de distintos sectores del feminismo chileno. A partir de una técnica de análisis de discurso, pudimos observar la coexistencia de enfoques teóricos y posturas políticas diferentes en los discursos del feminismo chileno, en donde algunas corrientes se acercan entre sí y otras se plantean en confrontación, principalmente a partir de los distintos significados y símbolos desde donde sitúan sus marcos de entendimientos sobre el sujeto y sobre el feminismo.
Affiliation or non-affiliation: the impact of family-owned business groups on the Bogotá stock market, 1950-1980
Authors: Rodríguez-Satizabal Beatriz , Castellanos-Gamboa Sergio
Published: July 2023

This paper examines the impact of group affiliation on the development of Bogota’s stock market between 1950 and 1980. While the literature on business groups has discussed how they respond to market failures, little attention has been paid to the specific ways in which group affiliation affects stock market development in emerging economies. This study aims to fill this gap by analyzing panel data from Bogota’s stock market and implementing a series of correlated random effects panel regressions. The findings of this study demonstrate that group affiliation had a significant impact on the weighted market capitalization of stocks issued by listed companies. Specifically, high trading volumes were concentrated on a small subset of firms, suggesting that group-affiliated companies were able to capture the stock market as a means of financing their investments and increasing their product and geographic diversification. While the literature on business groups suggests that they typically arise in the absence of a developed capital market, our study reveals a different dynamic in the case of Colombia, where these groups advocated for the creation of the stock exchange. Hence, our findings challenge the misconception of inefficient and illiquid financial markets in emerging economies and shed new light on the role of business groups in driving financial market development.
The significance of social clubs in the economic network of J.P. Morgan & Co.: partnership agreements, syndicates & interlocking directorates prior to World War II
Authors: Halgin Daniel S. , Pak Susie
Published: July 2023

What role do social clubs play in the facilitation of cooperative relationships between economic actors? By studying the historical networks of investment bankers in the United States pre-World War II, we propose that social ties in the form of shared social club memberships facilitate the strategic creation of interfirm and intrafirm cohesion that guides economic transactions. The focus of our paper is the New York firm of J. P. Morgan & Co., the leading American investment bank before the Second World War. Through statistical and qualitative analyses we demonstrate that social club ties influenced firm ownership, syndicate participation, and interlocking directorate board memberships. Our study advances the literature on social elites by identifying the strategic interplay between social embeddedness and economic action through social organizations, highlighting the unique role of social clubs as historical sites of economic collaboration during the Progressive Era in the United States.
Biological investigation of resinous endodontic sealers containing calcium hydroxide
Authors: Bueno Carlos Roberto Emerenciano , Benetti Francine , Cury Marina Tolomei Sandoval , Vasques Ana Maria Veiga , Cosme-Silva Leopoldo , Queiroz Índia Olinta de Azevedo , da Silva Ana Cláudia Rodrigues , Jacinto Rogério de Castilho , Cintra Luciano Tavares Angelo , Dezan-Junior Eloi
Published: July 2023

The purpose of this study was to evaluate, in vivo, the biocompatibility, biomineralization, collagen maturation and the in vitro antibacterial and cytotoxicity of resinous endodontic sealers containing calcium hydroxide. Forty rats were implanted with polyethylene tubes containing Sealer 26, Sealer Plus, Dia-ProSeal and an empty tube, examined after 7, 15, 30 and 60 days. Antimicrobial activity was evaluated against Enterococcus faecalis by Agar Diffusion Test (ADT) through inhibition zones. For cytotoxicity, undifferentiated pulp cells (OD-21) were cultured and assessed using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, exposed to dilution of serial extracts at 6, 24, 48h. Cytotoxicity was analyzed by two-way ANOVA and Bonferroni correction. Kruskal-Wallis test followed by Dunn test was performed for nonparametric data (p<0.05). MTT assay revealed cell proliferation affected by sealers extract in all periods (p<0.0001), except for Dia-Proseal and Sealer Plus ⅛ dilution. Subcutaneous analysis showed at day 7th moderate inflammatory infiltration. After 30 days, Sealer 26 still showed moderate inflammatory infiltrate compared to mild inflammation from control and Dia-ProSeal (p = 0.006). At day 60th, all groups showed similar mild inflammatory infiltrate (p>0.05). Sealer 26 induced more biomineralization than other sealers in all periods. At 7 and 15 days, all sealers had significant percentage of immature collagen fibers. After 60 days Sealer 26 showed more mature fibers compared to other sealers (p<0.001). All sealers had a smaller zone of inhibition than chlorhexidine, but with no significant difference among any group (p>0.05). All sealers showed satisfactory biological responses with in vitro/in vivo biocompatibility and antimicrobial activity against planktonic bacteria. Sealer 26 induced more biomineralization than Sealer Plus and Dia-ProSeal.
Financial inclusion in Indonesia: Does education matter?
Authors: Ira Eka Pratiwi
Published: July 2023

This study attempts to examine education as a critical proxy for financial inclusion in Indonesia using the Global Findex 2017 database from the World Bank survey. The results showed low financial inclusion in Indonesia, indicated by the low score of the financial inclusion index. Further analysis also suggests that education attainment significantly affects financial inclusion, whose indicators include the financial inclusion index (FII), account ownership, mobile or internet banking, and borrowing from financial institutions in the past 12 months. These four indicators show that financial inclusion increases with education. The findings confirm that highly educated people are considered financially included, and the great difference in educational level may create a significant gap in financial inclusion. Therefore, more people should attain higher education to increase financial inclusion and contribute to national development.
Viruses don't need a passport to affect labor markets – findings from a Polish-German study on combating unemployment during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Flessa Steffen , Porada-Rochoń Małgorzata , Kuntosch Julia , Rudawska Iga
Published: July 2023

Labor markets have been strongly affected by the COVID-19 crisis. Much empirical evidence exists on how they operated since the COVID-19 outbreak, illustrated predominantly by public statistics. However, there is limited primary research on labor market stakeholders who experienced significant changes in border regions. The aim of this study is to explore the perceptions and experiences of labor market experts, especially entrepreneurs, regarding labor market functioning in border regions of Poland and Germany after the COVID-19 outbreak. The main focus has been put on examining how the COVID-19 crisis affected enterprises in terms of employment and how the labor market stakeholders assessed mitigation measures undertaken in the border regions. The study utilizes a mix-method approach. Primary data have been gathered through an online questionnaire targeted at entrepreneurs and labor officers in Germany. Next, a qualitative descriptive study design has been developed, involving one-on-one interviews and focused discussions. The analysis revealed several positive and negative consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic on the functioning of the labor market in border regions. The study explored differences in the management of the unemployment crisis in Poland and Germany in measures undertaken to mitigate the negative impact of the pandemic. Crucial issues, such as cross-border cooperation and communication have also been discussed. The study highlights the role of labor market stakeholders’ perceptions and experiences in defining future cross-border joint preparatory plans and strategies to combat potential threats and unpredictable situations. The findings of the study revealed that there is a strong need to establish cross-border cooperation in terms of tackling unemployment. It has also been indicated that border regions need an approach to combating crises such as pandemics that differs from that of other interior regions. That highlights the importance of joint security policy adaptations and the need to develop joint
Odpowiedzialność deliktowa zarządcy drogi gminnej za szkody wyrządzone jej stanem – analiza wybranych zagadnień
Authors: Chrząścik Wojciech
Published: July 2023

W zakresie odpowiedzialności cywilnoprawnej określonej w Kodeksie cywilnym można wyróżnić zasadniczą jej odmianę z tytułu czynów niedozwolonych. Podmiotami odpowiedzialnymi na skutek tych czynów mogą być zaś zarówno osoby fizyczne, osoby prawne, jak i jednostki organizacyjne nieposiadające osobowości prawnej którym ustawa przyznaje zdolność prawną. Nie należy zatem wykluczać możliwości odpowiedzialności deliktowej zarządców dróg publicznych, w tym dróg gminnych, względem ich użytkowników za różnorodne szkody wyrządzone także wskutek złego ich stanu. Nieprzestrzeganie prawa przez zarządców dróg w przedstawionym zakresie rodzi zaś istotne pytania dotyczące konkretnych podstaw i przesłanek odpowiedzialności odszkodowawczej. Jednakże z racji potencjalnej ich mnogości, bezprzedmiotowym byłoby omawianie ich wszystkich i we wszystkich aspektach. Dlatego też w niniejszym artykule zaprezentowane zostaną zaledwie wybrane elementy charakteryzowanej tematyki.
Deep learning assisted intraoperative instrument cleaning station for robotic scrub nurse systems
Authors: Wagner Lars , Kolb Sven , Leuchtenberger Patrick , Bernhard Lukas , Jell Alissa , Wilhelm Dirk
Published: July 2023

Due to the ongoing shortage of qualified surgical assistants and the drive for automation, the deployment of robotic scrub nurses (RSN) is being investigated. As such robotic systems are expected to fulfill all indirect and direct forms of surgical assistance currently provided by human operating room (OR) assistants, they must also be capable of performing intraoperative cleaning of laparoscopic instruments, which are prone to contamination when using electrosurgical techniques during minimally invasive procedures. We present a cleaning station for robotic scrub nurse systems which provides intraoperative cleaning of laparoscopic instruments during minimally invasive procedures. The system uses deep learning to decide autonomously on the need of intraoperative cleaning to preserve instrument functions. We performed configuration and durability tests to determine an optimal set of system parameters and to verify the system performance in an application context. The results of the configuration tests indicate that the use of hard brushes in combination with a sodium chloride cleaning solution and a sequence of 3 s cleaning intervals provides the best cleaning performance with a minimal total cleaning time. The results of the durability tests show that the cleaning function is in principle guaranteed for the duration of a surgical intervention. Our evaluation tests have shown that our deep learning assisted cleaning station for robotic scrub nurse systems is capable of performing autonomous intraoperative cleaning of laparoscopic instruments, providing a further step towards the integration of robotic scrub nurse systems into the OR.
Are you teaching “distillation” correctly in your chemistry classes? An educational reconstruction
Authors: Abels Simone , Koliander Brigitte , Plotz Thomas
Published: July 2023

Distillation is often taught at secondary level in chemistry classes. There are, however, several pitfalls in teaching and learning the topic. First, there is not enough accessible research on students’ conceptions regarding distillation, which makes it difficult for teachers and teacher educators to teach accordingly in school or university. Second, the scientific explanation of distillation, especially the separation of liquid-liquid mixtures, is much more complex than represented in school books or other learning material. Third, teachers understandably rely on the representation in school books and other materials when teaching distillation, so that inappropriate concepts may be transferred to students. In this article, we follow the model of educational reconstruction and illustrate with reference to chemistry textbooks, school books, our own research results, and other studies on students’ conceptions the three pitfalls named above. Thus, this article aims to provide support for teachers and teacher educators to structure lessons on distillation based on scientifically appropriate information and with regard to students’ conceptions.
WossiDiA
Authors: Schmitt Christoph , Schering Alf-Christian
Published: July 2023

This article sheds light on the digital transformation of Richard Wossidlo’s regional ethnographic and linguistic collection into the research environment WossiDiA. The Digital Wossidlo Archive is based on making handwritten sources and their indexing visible to users. It has been implemented as a hypergraph database, whose abundance of node and hyperedge types is suitable for representing the diversity and delicate nature of the tradition archive. This paper will discuss how proprietary properties have been preserved in the transformation process and how the digital collection is compatible with big data scenarios. Follow-up projects have contributed to this. “Efficiency,” the necessity of resource-saving, will also be problematized. Finally, it will be shown how a sparse ethnographic fieldnote can be enriched into a complex hypergraph extract, a method which is reminiscent of dragnet detection.
A folklorist in Search of Cinderella’s Shoe
Authors: Perez Yoel Shalom
Published: July 2023

The article presents the advantages of using databases for the organization of folklore materials found on the internet, such as folktale archives, motif databases and books. It explores examples of databases that already exist on the internet and contain folklore materials and examines the possibility of establishing an open system of folklore databases and other projects that enable the participation of folklorists from around the world.
Little Statisticians in the Forest of Tales: Towards a New Comparative Mythology
Authors: d’Huy Julien , Le Quellec Jean-Loïc , Thuillard Marc , Berezkin Yuri E. , Lajoye Patrice , Oda Jun’ichi
Published: July 2023

A new trend has been swelling in the ocean of comparative mythology. Different research has been carried out using statistics to reconstruct the (pre)history of myths and mythological motifs (replicable episodes of traditional narratives) and to understand how they have evolved. The results obtained by using these different approaches converge and make it possible to intertwine numerous strands of evidence. We will try to summarize it in this paper, with special focus in the first part on the research on motifs, in the second part, on the research on different versions of a same myth.

Folklore and mythology form an autonomous sphere of culture being largely independent from outer factors. The transition of folklore and mythology motifs between generations does not require material resources. Accordingly, they can be preserved during an indeterminately long period of time and this ability to be preserved can become a major asset in the study of the human past.
Impact of antidepressant medication on the analgetic effect of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation treatment of neuropathic pain. Preliminary findings from a registry study
Authors: Holm Anu , Orenius Tage , Karttunen Nina , Ristolainen Leena , Kautiainen Hannu , Hurri Heikki
Published: July 2023

Objectives

Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) has been found to be effective in chronic neuropathic pain conditions. However, information about the combined effects of rTMS and antidepressant treatment is scarce. We studied the outcome of rTMS and concurrent antidepressant treatment in patients with neuropathic pain.

Methods

In this retrospective, real-world study, 34 patients with neuropathic pain, who were considered resistant or not benefitting from conventional treatment, received rTMS treatment between 2017 and 2020. Pain-related factors were measured using the Numerical Rating Scale (NRS), Global Impression of Change (GIC), and Beck Depression Inventory.

Results

A decrease in pain intensity and pain interference assessed with NRS was observed after 10 treatment sessions in 16 patients. The impression of change was positive in 20 patients. Half of the patients (n=17) used antidepressant medication, while half (n=17) did not. A concurrent use of antidepressants with therapeutic rTMS was significantly linked with less pain intensity relief when compared with the nonuse of antidepressants (p=0.019). The impression of change was significantly in favor of the antidepressant nonuser group (p=0.002). No group differences in pain interference were found between the groups.

Conclusions

Therapeutic rTMS for neuropathic pain is plausibly sensitive to interference with antidepressant medication. The exact mechanism of our findings remains to be elucidated; confirmatory studies are warranted.
Caracterización tecnológica de ganaderos y su percepción sobre la transferencia de embriones en Guerrero, México
Authors: Palacios Felipe Montiel , Kayser Alarcón Yasser , Canseco Sedano Rodolfo , Ahuja Aguirre Concepción del Carmen , Severino Lendechy Víctor Hugo , Molina Marcial Obdulio , Barrientos Morales Manuel
Published: July 2023

El objetivo del estudio fue caracterizar el nivel tecnológico (NT) de las unidades de producción (UP) de ganaderos de los distritos de desarrollo rural (DDR) 01 y 02 en Guerrero, México, y conocer su percepción sobre la transferencia de embriones (TE). Se estudiaron 31 UP de los DDR 01 (n = 16) y 02 (n = 15). La edad, escolaridad y experiencia (años) promedio de los productores fue 50.0 ± 11.4, 10.6 ± 1.4 y 24.5 ± 7.9, respectivamente (p < 0.05). El NT se determinó con base en sus variables técnico-productivas y se clasificó en bajo, medio y alto. Se obtuvo NT bajo, medio y alto en 37.5%, 43.8% y 18.8%, respectivamente, de las UP del DDR 01, así como 33.3%, 20.0% y 46.7%, respectivamente, de las del DDR 02 (p < 0.05). Los ganaderos de UP con NT alto tienen mejor percepción sobre la TE (7/10, 70%), comparados con los de UP de NT bajo (0/11, 0%) y medio (2/10, 20%). En conclusión, se observó mejor percepción sobre la TE a medida que aumenta el NT de la UP, independientemente del DDR.
Lagrangian Equation of Coupled Spring-Pendulum System
Authors: Rini Nur Widya , Saefan Joko , Khoiri Nur
Published: July 2023

A coupled spring-pendulum system in a conservative field was studied where the equation of motion of the system using Lagrangian and Hamiltonian equation were obtained. The equation of motion represented by a second-order differential equation from the three generalized coordinate were used. The potential energy equal to zero when the system is in its equilibrium position. The generalized coordinate that being used were the angle of the first pendulum θ_1, the angle of the second pendulum θ_2, and the increase in the length of the spring x. The resulting equation of motion can be used to determine the dynamics behavior of the system at any time. Students' understanding is expected to be more complete by providing a procedure to derive the Lagrangian equation of motion.
Congenital hypogonadotrophic hypogonadism, induction of minipuberty, and future fertility
Authors: Stuckey Bronwyn G A , Nolan James D , Hurley David M , Martin Graeme B
Published: July 2023

A 33-year-old man with Kallmann syndrome had received pulsatile GnRH as an infant for the treatment of cryptorchidism. As an adult, his treatment for fertility with gonadotrophins was unusually rapid compared with expectations, with a total sperm count of 25 million after only 12 months of gonadotrophin therapy. We propose that pulsatile GnRH treatment as an infant induced minipuberty and facilitated his successful, rapid response to therapy. We also propose that identification of the absence of minipuberty in infants with clinical signs suggesting congenital hypogonadotrophic hypogonadism (CHH) is an opportunity for intervention with pulsatile GnRH yielding benefits for fertility decades later.

Learning points

Absence of minipuberty in males with CHH results in low Sertoli cell numbers and delayed response to induction of spermatogenesis in adulthood.

Presentation with 'red flags' for androgen deficiency including cryptorchidism at birth, with or without micropenis, should prompt screening for CHH and minipuberty by measurement of gonadotrophins and testosterone in the first 2 months after birth.

Pulsatile GnRH therapy in patients with CHH, given prior to age of attainment of Sertoli cell maturation, can replicate the normal physiology of minipuberty, thereby priming the testis for future fertility.
Presentación: Vivir el islam en el sur de Europa: la construcción de la transnacionalidad desde una perspectiva religiosa
Authors: López Bargados Antonio , Mapril José , Sánchez García José
Published: July 2023

En las últimas décadas, los procesos de cambio político y económico que han tenido lugar a escala global han afectado decisivamente a la emergencia, crecimiento y configuración de numerosas comunidades religiosas, entre ellas las islámicas. En esta coyuntura reciente, y

desde la perspectiva de los investigadores centrados en el análisis de las comunidades

musulmanas de Europa, el debate sobre la dimensión transnacional del Islam, cuya huella puede constatarse en la teología islámica desde sus comienzos, ha adquirido una notable centralidad, y en él se han aplicado, con notable éxito, las herramientas conceptuales que las ciencias sociales han generado para abordar las nuevas morfologías que parecen presentar los fenómenos religiosos.
Occupy Gezi: Identidad colectiva en la protesta a través de la narrativa visual
Authors: Iglesias Ana Isabel Delgado
Published: July 2023

Este artículo examina los términos icónicos de la protesta de Gezi en Estambul y sus efectos sobre la organización de la lucha social.