bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
KONSEP MAKRIFAT MENURUT AL-GHAZALI DAN IBNU ‘ARABI: SOLUSI ANTISIPATIF RADIKALISME KEAGAMAAN BERBASIS EPISTEMOLOGI
Authors: Dahlan A. Zaini , Soeratno Siti Chamamah , Sangidu Sangidu , Mursyidi Ahmad
Published: January 2022

Al-Ghazali (1058-1111) is Sunni sufi representing Islamic mysticism and Ibnu Arabi (1165-1240) represents philosophical Sufism. Al- Ghazali’s concept of Gnosis (knowing God) is based on the Quran and Hadith which is similar to its predecessor, al asy’ari. In contrast, Ibnu Arabi’s concept of Gnosis is based on Greek philosophy and the school of Bathiniyah (Syiah). The fundamental difference between the two scholars is that Al-Ghazali is consistent with classical model of epistemological interpretation. He is very cautious in preventing understanding Islam (the sunni view) especially on aqidah (faith) from polytheism (musyrik) or infidelity (kafir). Meanwhile, Ibnu Arabi explores a variety of sources: Greek philosophy, school of shi’i Bathiniyah, and other sources with contempory interpretation paradigms whose characteristics are pluralistic, multicultural and universal, and gives more priority to welfare and justice. Even though the paradigm used by Al-Ghazali differs from the one employed by I bnu Arabi,they agree in some points. There are similarities in their paradigms and understandings. Al- Ghazali even justifies the righteousness of paradigm deployed by Ibnu arabi. Reflections of the two scholars’ paradigms bear the main principles of mysticism. Al-Ghazali develops it with tahalli, takhalli, and tajalli, while Ibnu Arabi in addition to the three of Al Ghazali develops it with the teaching of wahdatul wujud.
A HISTORICAL NARRATIVE AND CRITICAL ANALYSIS OF THE ROOTS AND CAUSES OF CONFLICT IN THE SOUTHERN PHILIPPINES
Authors: Narciso Jerson Benia
Published: January 2022

This paper highlights a chronology of signicant historical events since pre-colonial times up to the present that have signicantly contributed to the conict in Southern Philippines. It also describes and analyzes the roots and causes of the conict and how these are being addressed at the moment both by the Philippine government and the different Islamic liberationist groups who are the main actors and players in the conict.This paper employs both historical and structural analysis to obtain a much broader and complete picture of the historical as well as socio-political, cultural, and economic realities reigning in the Southern Philippines. The study shows that the problem of conict in Mindanao is quite complex and complicated. Thus, it requires a much broader and careful understanding and analysis of the problem, as well as solutions that can be agreed upon by contending groups and factions toward a peaceful and negotiated approach to the Mindanao peace process.
“JANGAN BAKUKAN AKU” IDENTITAS HYBRID ISLAM DI INDONESIA
Authors: Darmawan Darwin
Published: January 2022

This paper is a result of series of interview with Reza and Nina and analyse those interview with hybridity perspective. This perspective is very useful to understand the multidemensional and exible characteristic of identity. Identity cannot be regarded in homogen and stable way of understanding. That awarenes in turn, helps to build respect toward the other, something that is needed in multicultural society.
PEREMPUAN DAN BENCANA: MEMBERDAYAKAN POTENSI SOSIAL DAN EKONOMI PEREMPUAN KORBAN BANJIR LAHAR DINGIN MERAPI
Authors: Riswan Yulianingsih , Arifika Diah
Published: January 2022

This paper investigates the impacts of disaster to women in the nearby area. It specically addresses women experience in post-Merapi eruption in Huntara (Hunian Sementara/Temporary Shelter) of Gempol Jumoyo village, Magelang. The purpose of this paper is to explore women’s role in the disaster and to locate domains where women are mostly affected by it. It draws on a qualitative research conducted to a number of women in the Huntara. Data are collected from observation, in-depth interviews, as well as textual documents. The result of this research paper is that not only the disaster affects economic life of the victims, but also social and cultural dimension of the people. Through an investigation of three domains of women, group, work, and family, this study shows how disaster severely affects human life, as well as exposing the resilience of women in disaster area.
SENI DOLALAK PURWOREJO JAWA TENGAH: PERAN PEREMPUAN DAN PENGARUH ISLAM DALAM SENI PERTUNJUKAN
Authors: Santosa Djarot Heru
Published: January 2022

The role of women artists in the performing arts, also within the arts as well as the other broader life, inIndonesia, seems to be strengthening in recent years. It doesn’t mean that it is a new issue, of course. Butperhaps it happened since Indonesia experiencing and witnessing a great change of mainstream withinit self since 1998; this issue, as well as the other critical issues gaining a more free momentum and spaceof expression. Of course, this still needs further scrutinization. The superiority of women is not limitedto the mith in which giving special space for them, but indeed women have strong key role as the escortof performing arts. Women have the central key in promoting traditional arts; however, there is womenrole shift in the stage of performing arts. Women artists in the culture posseses inevitable duality ofposition. They are praised as high as the sky, in the other hand they are also insulted, abused, and usedas a profit-making commodity. Besides their beautiful manner and behaviour, women are also capableof breaking through the boundary of culture. Women as the mother earth who’s also identical withthe symbol of fertility, paragon, and the parameter of values and norms that is expected by the socialcommunity, are also capable of fulfilling the promises attached into the miths that praise and adorethem. Therefore, it is their nature that they have the central role in the success of a performing art bothtraditional and modern. Serious problems in the world of performing arts occur when women artists tryto promote tradition. Inner conflict uccur between their basic nature and their environemntal condition.In this case, pressures are not only coming from the social environment but also from within. In fact,the soul of tradition survives and sustain from their very hands. When the stage experiences shift, therole of women as the escort of the tradition is also fading. Performance industry does properly placestage women as a subject but only as a commodity to attarct the market for the capitalists. Together, weshould be able to solve this problem if we still want women to attend in the world of performing artsand change the world into a more colorful one.
The mediation role of organization citizenship behaviour between employee motivation and productivity: Analysis of Pharmaceutical Industries in KRG
Authors: Ismael Ferman , Hussein Bikhtiyar , Ibrahim Mustafa Sabah , Akoye Shwana
Published: January 2022

Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) is a type of behavior that has an impact on the efficiency of an organization. It has far-reaching implications in the workplace. OCB can help organizations become more effective by improving productivity. Employee motivation and citizenship behaviours have become important issues in OB. This study examines the mediation role of organization citizenship behaviour between employee motivation and productivity at pharmaceutical Industries in KRG. The researchers employed quantitative research method via using a survey to measure the current study. The questionnaire was distributed randomly among 150 administrative employees of different pharmaceutical industries in Kurdistan region. However, the researchers were able to gather 139 completed questionnaires. The findings revealed that organization citizenship behaviour has a significant and positive mediation role between motivation factors and productivity at pharmaceutical industries in Kurdistan region of Iraq.
Throughput Analysis of EERP Protocol
Authors: Shirke Miss. Pooja D.
Published: January 2022

Abstract: Grouping techniques in WSN for Energy effectiveness has been tended to by different specialists because of promising upgrades in the exhibitions. The Energy utilization despite everything has an open door for development regarding multifaceted nature decrease, decrease in Energy utilization and lifetime of the system. The work introduced in this paper contributes a novel methodology for Energy efficiency in WSN. The throughput and packet delivery comparative analysis is performed in which EERP outperforms the LEACH protocol. Keywords: LEACH, WSN, K-medoid, clustering, routing
EFFECTIVENESS OF ACTIVE RELEASE TECHNIQUE VERSES CONVENTIONAL PHYSIOTHERAPY IN MANAGEMENT OF UPPER CROSS SYNDROME
Authors: Risaldar Prasad
Published: January 2022

Background: In upper cross syndrome (UCS), weaker neck flexors, anterior and middle serratus and lower trapezius along with rhomboids usually develop, and tightness of the levator scapulae, pectoralis major and upper trapezius are biomechanically adapted. Active Release Technique (ART) helps to reduce discomfort and improve the range of movement. Also, Active Release Technique (ART) is a manual procedure which is also being used for other soft tissue rehabilitation as well as for the management of the scar tissues. UCS and neck pain is common with uncomfortable job postures as well as in stress and anxiety, due to which muscle dysfunction starts around the neck. Aim and Objective: To evaluate the effects of Active Release Technique verses conventional physiotherapy in management of upper cross syndrome physiotherapy. Methodology: 35 patients were grouped in two groups. Both groups were treated for six sessions. Group A was treated with active release technique and static stretching along with hydrocollator pack. The patients coming under Group B, conventional physiotherapy was given which include stretching, levator scapulae and pectoralis major as well as rhomboid strengthening, deep neck flexors, lower trapezius along with the hydrocollator pack. Result: Both the treatment protocol were beneficial for the UCS patients but ART yields greater reduction in pain and increase in ROM than the conventional physiotherapy. Conclusion: this study concludes that administering ART among the UCS patients has shown positive trends and is beneficial for the patient as compared to the conventional
STRESS IN NURSING PROFESSIONALS WHO WORK IN THE FIRST LINE OF CARE AGAINST COVID – 19 IN NORTH LIMA
Authors: Meneses-Claudio Brian
Published: January 2022

Stress is one of the most recurrent problems in health professionals, but during the pandemic a high rate has been expected due to the high demand for COVID-19 infections, which has generated mental imbalance in health professionals and for this reason they cannot provide good care, so the research objective is to determine the Stress in Nursing Professionals who work in the First Line of Care against COVID-19 In North Lima. It is a study with quantitative - descriptive, non-experimental, and cross-sectional methodology, made up of a total of 255 study participants who responded to a survey of sociodemographic aspects and the Nursing Stress Scale. In their results, we observe that 55 (21.6%) of the nursing professionals present high stress, 139 (54.5%) medium stress and 61 (23.9%) low stress. In conclusion, it should be coordinated with professionals specialized in mental health to conduct an intervention program in the management of stress in the situation of the COVID-19 pandemic in nursing professionals.
EFFECT OF EMOTIONAL MARKETING AND LIFESTYLE ON CUSTOMERS DECISIONS IN PRODUCTS CHOOSING OF MURABAHAH FINANCING AT PT BANK SYARIAH MANDIRI KC PALEMBANG SIMPANG PATAL
Authors: Cepaldo Cepaldo , Rika Rika Lidyah , Ariyanti Ariyanti
Published: January 2022

The purpose of this research is to analyze and know how the influence of emotional marketing and lifestyle on customers decisions in choosing products of murabahah financing at PT Bank Syariah Mandiri KC Palembang Simpang Patal in partial and simultan. This research study is ( explanatory research ) using a quantitative approach. Source of data in this research  use  the primary data through questionnaire .The sample collection technique used is a method of purposive sampling, with the multiple regression analysis methods included in this research is 100 respondents who use murabahah financing at PT Bank Syariah Mandiri KC Palembang Simpang Patal. In this research data analysis techniques used SPSS 17.0 version. The research variables consist of the independent variable: 1.emotional marketing 2.lifestyle and the independent variable used the customers .The result show the research indicated that the emotional marketing and lifestyle  significantly influence on customers decisions in choosing of the murabahah financing at PT Bank Syariah Mandiri KC Palembang Simpang patal.
TOWARD A GENERAL THEORY OF CONSUMER MOTIVATION
Authors: Simamora Bilson
Published: January 2022

Consumer motivation has been known long as a marketing concept. However, most of its concepts belong to other fields, and there is little effort to define and model them. This study aims to redefine it and develop its model. Therefore, the author narrates the history of consumer motivation and critically offers its new definition and its loose and unstructured model through which the more specific models can depart. This study found that the motivation theory goes into a more diverse direction caused by the distinctive nature of consumer behavior nature and context. For that reason, the consumer motivation model should give the spaces in which a specific model for particular behavior can be developed. The study’s loose and unstructured model is found as able to take that function. Further studies can utilize this model in studying motivation to perform or not perform particular consumption behavior in a specific context.
INFLUENCE OF OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH SAFETY (OHS) CULTURE, COMMITMENT MANAGEMENT, OHS TRAINING ON OHS PERFORMANCE IN OIL & GAS CONTRACTORS COMPANY IN BATAM ISLAND
Authors: Nelson Alden , Zega Yedin Arianto
Published: January 2022

Indonesia has very promising oil and gas potential to be exploited, including in Riau Islands province which has 15 oil and gas companies operating and 4 of them are already in production. Batam Island is part of the Kepulauan Riau province and there are oil and gas fabrications in it which are exported out from Batam Island. This fabrication is closely related with occupational safety and health. Respondents in this study were obtained from 261 employees work in the fabrication company or oil and gas contractor. Data processed using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 24. The research of this method used non probability sampling where sampling techniques does not provide equal opportunities for each member of the population to be selected as a sample. The results of this study illustrated that OHS culture and management commitment have significant positive effect on occupational health safety performance but OHS training does not have significant effect.
FACTORS AFFECTING THE QUALITY OF REGIONAL FINANCIAL SUPERVISION
Authors: Ahyat Aspihani , Rahayu Sri , Yetti Susfa
Published: January 2022

This research was conducted to analyze several factors that affected the quality of the inspectorate supervision, namely Independence, objectivity, expertise, due professional care, and accountability. Multiple regression analysis was chosen for this research, and the F statistic test and T statistic test were utilized for Hypothesis Test. The result indicated that (1) independence affected the quality of the inspectorate supervision, (2) objectivity affected the quality of the inspectorate supervision, (3) expertise affected the quality of the inspectorate supervision, (4) due professional care did not affect the quality of the inspectorate supervision, (5) accountability affected the quality of the inspectorate supervision. The influence of Independence, objectivity, expertise, due professional care, and accountability toward the inspectorate supervision had a strong coefficient of determination.
Manajemen Konflik dalam Pengembangan Wisata Desa Cibitung Wetan, Kecamatan Pamijahan, Kabupaten Bogor
Authors: Kurniati Nia , P Lubis Djuara , A Kinseng Rilus
Published: January 2022

As a community develops, conflicts are inevitable. This case also applies to the Curug Cikuluwung tourism community. This research aims to analyze the conflicts, and how to manage the conflicts. This study used a qualitative approach with a case study method. The results of the study indicate that there are two conflicts that have occurred in the tourism development of Curug Cikuluwung village, namely, the first is a conflict between BUMDes and residents from a neighboring village (Pamijahan Village), the second is a conflict between the core manager of Curug Cikuluwung village tourism and the Cibitung Wetan village government. The first conflict has already had a solution, but the second conflict has no solution yet. The community has practiced community-based conflict management but it has not yet become a solution. Therefore, there is a need for mediation from parties who have authority over village tourism to mediate the conflict parties from the Pamijahan District Government, the Bogor Tourism Office, Bogor Village Community Empowerment office, and or Indonesia Power Company.
Grid-quantification study on the effect of rapid urbanization on hydrological processes
Authors: Yang Fan , Zhao Chenchen , Wang Jingyi , Liu Chengshuai , Sun Yue , Soomro shan-e-hyder , hu caihong
Published: January 2022

Hydrological processes such as evaporation, infiltration, and runoff are
affected not only by natural climate change but also by land cover and
soil conditions. The impact of urbanization on the key elements of the
hydrological process is worth studying in context of rapid urbanization.
This paper combines the soil-land use index grid and the GSSHA model to
quantitatively study the impact of land use on urban hydrological
processes under the background of the changing urbanization stage. The
results show that with the increase in land development and utilization
activities, the hydrological process will transform. When grassland and
woodland are converted to construction land, the changes in runoff,
infiltration, and evaporation are the largest. The runoff depth
increased by 0.94×10-1~2.42×10-1mm/km², infiltration
depth decreased by 0.80×10-1~ 2.18×10-1mm/km²,
evaporation decreased by 0.14×10-1~ 0.28×10-1mm/km². In
the transition from forest land to grassland, from cultivated land to
forest land, and from cultivated land to grassland, the increase of
infiltration contributed over 80% to the decrease of runoff process.
This provides a scientific basis for future urban planning and sponge
city construction.
On expansions of graded 2-absorbing hyperideals in graded multiplicative hyperrings
Authors: Ghiasvand Peyman , Farzalipour Farkhonde , Mirvakili Saeed
Published: January 2022

Let G be an abelian group with identity e. Let R be a graded multiplicative
hyperring and ? : Igr(R) ? Igr(R) be an expansion function of Igr(R), where
Igr(R) is the set of all graded hyperideals of R. In this paper, we
introduce and study the concepts of graded ?-primary hyperideals of R and
graded 2-absorbing ?-primary hyperideals of R which are the extended classes
of graded prime and graded 2- absorbing hyperideals of R, respectively.
Moreover, we give the basic properties of these new types of graded
hyperideals and investigate the relations among these structures.
Spatial Environment Affects HNF4A Mutation-Specific Proteome Signatures and Cellular Morphology in hiPSC-Derived β-Like Cells
Authors: Carrasco Manuel , Wang Chencheng , Søviknes Anne M. , Bjørlykke Yngvild , Abadpour Shadab , Paulo Joao A. , Tjora Erling , Njølstad Pål , Ghabayen Jonas , Nermoen Ingrid , Lyssenko Valeriya , Chera Simona , Ghila Luiza M. , Vaudel Marc , Scholz Hanne , Ræder Helge
Published: January 2022

Studies of monogenic diabetes are particularly useful because we can gain insight into the molecular events of pancreatic β-cell failure. Maturity-onset diabetes of the young 1 (MODY1) is a form of monogenic diabetes caused by a mutation in the HNF4A gene. Human-induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) provide an excellent tool for disease modeling by subsequently directing differentiation toward desired pancreatic islet cells, but cellular phenotypes in terminally differentiated cells are notoriously difficult to detect. Re-creating a spatial (three-dimensional [3D]) environment may facilitate phenotype detection. We studied MODY1 by using hiPSC-derived pancreatic β-like patient and isogenic control cell lines in two different 3D contexts. Using size-adjusted cell aggregates and alginate capsules, we show that the 3D context is critical to facilitating the detection of mutation-specific phenotypes. In 3D cell aggregates, we identified irregular cell clusters and lower levels of structural proteins by proteome analysis, whereas in 3D alginate capsules, we identified altered levels of glycolytic proteins in the glucose sensing apparatus by proteome analysis. Our study provides novel knowledge on normal and abnormal function of HNF4A, paving the way for translational studies of new drug targets that can be used in precision diabetes medicine in MODY.
Continuous Glucose Monitoring in Young Adults With Type 1 Diabetes: Impact on Hypoglycemia Confidence and Fear
Authors: Teasdale Stephanie L. , Griffin Alison , Barrett Helen L. , Coutts Clare , Vitanza Margaret , Headey Alan
Published: January 2022

Background

Fear of hypoglycemia in people with type 1 diabetes has a detrimental effect on glycemic control and quality of life. The association between continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) and hypoglycemia confidence and fear has not previously been assessed in the young adult population.

Methods

This was a prospective cohort study using questionnaires to assess the impact of CGM on hypoglycemia confidence (using the Hypoglycemia Confidence Scale [HCS]) and hypoglycemia fear (using the Hypoglycemia Fear Survey II [HFS]) in 40 young adults with a preexisting diagnosis of type 1 diabetes.

Results

Scores on the HCS were greater at baseline for those with a longer duration of diabetes. Participants with higher general anxiety scores on the Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item scale had higher hypoglycemia fear at baseline (total score and worry component, but not behavior component of the HFS). Between baseline and follow-up, HCS scores increased on average by 0.2 (95% CI 0.1–0.4, P = 0.01) on a scale of 1–4. HFS scores decreased by 1.8 (95% CI −3.0 to −0.5, P = 0.006) on a scale of 0–24 for the worry component and by 2.5 (95% CI −4.4 to −0.6, P = 0.01) on a scale of 0–44 for total (worry + behavior components). At follow up, 83% of participants planned to continue using CGM all or most of the time. There was a very high self-reported effect of CGM on life with diabetes (median 8.0 [interquartile range 6.5–10.0], where 10 indicated a very big difference).

Conclusion

Hypoglycemia confidence and fear improve with CGM use in young adults.
Laser surface treatment of carbon fiber reinforced polymer using near-infrared laser wavelength with variated process parameters
Authors: Schanz Jochen , Meinhard Dieter , Nester Sara , Dostal Isabell , De Silva Anjali K. M. , Harrison David K. , Riegel Harald , Knoblauch Volker
Published: January 2022

In this study, the surface pretreatment of carbon fiber reinforced polymer with near-infrared laser radiation is investigated. Several primary and computable secondary laser parameters were varied to identify their influences and interactions. The generated surface structures were examined qualitatively and quantitatively using optical and electronic microscopes. To quantify the ablation behavior, depth measurements of the exposed and covered carbon fibers were performed on cross sections. A correlation analysis was applied to determine process parameters, which have an influence on the matrix and carbon fiber ablation. With regard to the detachment and removal of the matrix, it was shown that with a pulse overlap of 50% and a single pulse energy of 195–344 μJ or a laser energy density of 3–6 J/cm2, 70%–85% of the carbon fibers could be exposed with minimal damage or ablation of carbon fibers at the same time. With 90% pulse coverage, more matrix residues remain on the surface due to the melting of polyamide particles embedded in the matrix. These retain the detached matrix on the surface. To ablate these, more laser energy is necessary, which leads to a higher fiber damage and ablation. However, a completely damage-free processing could not be realized. It is also shown that the matrix layer thickness, the local carbon fiber density, and the resulting carbon fiber topography have an influence on the local matrix removal. Furthermore, the damage caused by processing, such as fiber breaks, cratering, and others, was recorded and described.
Nicotine content, labelling and flavours of e-liquids in Canada in 2020: a scan of the online retail market
Authors: D’Mello Kimberly , Hammond David , Mahamad Syed , Wiggers Danielle , East Katherine
Published: January 2022

Introduction

The e-cigarette market in Canada has rapidly evolved following the implementation of the Tobacco and Vaping Products Act in May 2018, which liberalized the promotion and sale of vaping products. To date, there is little data on the market profile of key product attributes, including nicotine content, labelling practices and flavours.

Methods

An online scan of vaping product retailers (manufacturer, two national, five provincial) was conducted in 2020 to assess the e-liquids available on the Canadian market.Data were extracted from websites and product images regarding the nicotine content, labelling and flavours of e-liquids.

Results

We identified 1746 e-liquids, with a total of 4790 different nicotine concentrations. Approximately half of the e-liquids were offered with salt-base nicotine (46.6%) and half with freebase nicotine (53.2%); the remainder were hybrids (0.2%). The mean nicotine concentration of salt-base e-liquids (3.4%) was higher than freebase e-liquids (0.5%) (p < 0.001). Labels indicating the presence of nicotine were visible on two thirds of e-liquid packaging displayed online (63.2%) while three-quarters of packaging displayed the nicotine concentration (73.7%), and more than half of packaging displayed health warnings (58.9%). A variety of flavours were also identified, with fruit being the most common (43.6%), followed by candy/desserts (27.6%) and non-alcoholic drinks (12.5%).

Conclusion

Findings demonstrate the diversity of the online e-cigarette market in Canada, including the availability of higher-concentration salt-base nicotine products. Flavour restrictions have the potential to dramatically reduce the number of e-liquid flavours on the market, while restricting nicotine concentrations to < 20 mg/mL will predominantly restrict salt-based e-liquids.
A machine learning approach to predict e-cigarette use and dependence among Ontario youth
Authors: Shi Jiamin , Fu Rui , Hamilton Hayley , Chaiton Michael
Published: January 2022

Introduction

We developed separate random forest algorithms to predict e-cigarette (vaping) ever use and daily use among Ontario youth, and subsequently examined predictor importance and statistical interaction.

Methods

This cross-sectional study used a representative sample of Ontario elementary and high school students in 2019 (N = 6471). Vaping frequency over the last 12 months was used to define ever-vaping and daily vaping. We considered a large set of individual characteristics as potential correlates for ever-vaping (176 variables) and daily vaping (179 variables). Using cross-validation, we developed random forest algorithms and evaluated model performance based on the C-index, a measure to assess the discriminatory ability of a model, for both outcomes. Further, the top 10 correlates were identified by relative importance score calculation and their interaction with sociodemographic characteristics.

Results

There were 2064 (31.9%) ever-vapers, and 490 (7.6%) of the respondents were daily users. The random forest algorithms for both outcomes achieved high performance, with C-index over 0.90. The top 10 correlates of daily vaping included use of caffeine, cannabis and tobacco, source and type of e-cigarette and absence in last 20 school days. Those of ever-vaping included school size, use of alcohol, cannabis and tobacco; 9 of the top 10 ever-vaping correlates demonstrated interactions with ethnicity.

Conclusion

Machine learning is a promising methodology for identifying the risks of ever-vaping and daily vaping. Furthermore, it enables the identification of important correlates and the assessment of complex intersections, which may inform future longitudinal studies to customize public health policies for targeted population subgroups.
Vaping-associated lung illness (VALI) in Canada: a descriptive analysis of VALI cases reported from September 2019 to December 2020
Authors: Baker Melissa M. , Procter Theresa D. , Belzak Lisa , Ogunnaike-Cooke Susanna
Published: January 2022

Introduction

The aim of this study was to explore demographic and clinical characteristics of vaping-associated lung illness (VALI) cases reported in Canada from September 2019 to December 2020; compare the epidemiology of VALI cases in Canada to e-cigarette or vaping product use-associated lung injury (EVALI) cases in the US; and examine possible explanations for differences between the two countries.

Methods

A federal/provincial/territorial task group developed a national outbreak definition, minimum dataset and case report form for identification and surveillance of VALI cases in Canada. Descriptive analysis explored the characteristics and epidemiology of reported VALI cases.

Results

Of the 20 VALI cases reported, none resulted in a death. Of all cases, 5 (25%) involved youth aged 15 to 19 years, 10 (50%) adults aged 20 to 49 years and 5 (25%) aged 50 years and older. Sixty percent of patients were men. Half (50%) required breathing assistance. Three-quarters (75%) reported using nicotine-containing vaping products, and 40% reported use of cannabis-containing vaping products; of those who reported frequency of vaping, most (71%) reported vaping daily. VALI cases were reported at a lower prevalence (0.9 per million) than EVALI (8.5 per million). Demographics and vaping behaviour also differed.

Conclusion

VALI cases were reported in Canada between September 2019 and December 2020; however, there was a much lower prevalence and they may have been caused by different factors from the EVALI outbreak in the US. The factors influencing VALI in Canada are complex and multifactorial. Research is needed to understand the short- and long-term health effects of nicotine and cannabis vaping.
Alienation and Hopes in Indonesian Migrant Worker Literature Work
Authors: Madrah Muna Yastuti , Praptawati Destary
Published: January 2022

Abstract: Female Indonesian migrant domestic workers (DMWs) often get a negative predicate both in Indonesia and in destination countries. For example, DMWs in Singapore are treated unequally by Singaporean society, in Indonesia, as well, their work is seen as a lowly job. They can be categorized as a marginal group. Marginals are marginalized people whose rights are ruled out by people that have power. Hence, they find it difficult to adapt to their environment and they are always suppressed. The circumstances lead to the feeling of alienation for DMWs. The alienation they have experienced is often ignored as a reality of the life of migrant workers. This study takes the object of poetry by Female Indonesian DMWs in Singapore. It explores how marginalization and alienation are expressed in literary work by female domestic migrant workers. This study, also analyzes how the expression of literary work can be functioned as a medium to voice alienation and to overcome its problem. This research used textual analysis, including the application of semiotics and narratology to see the marginalization and alienation faced by the migrant workers which are represented through a literary work. As complementary data, virtual interviews with the author of poetry was conducted.
MARRIAGE ISBAT IN QIYAS PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Achmad Muhammad Thamrin Thamrin , Sultan Lomba , Bakri Muammar Muhammad , Hasan Hamzah
Published: January 2022

The main problem discussed in this dissertation is how the implementation of qiyas for marriage isbat (confirmation of marriage).This dissertation discusses about marriage isbat from qiyas perspective, analysing three sub-problems which are the focuses of this study; first, what factors that highly influence isbat of marriage in Makassar Religious Court. Second, how Judge's consideration in the case isbat of marriage, and third, how is the implementation of qiyas related to the case of marriage sibat in Makassar Religious Court.This research is a field study. Data sources were obtained during the field research at Makassar Religious Court by doing an interview with the judges. The data was analyzed by deductive method and presented descriptively using normative, juridical, sociological and philosophical approaches. Theories used in analyzing data were theories of justice, certainty and expediency, judges, existence, progressive law, in order to implement isbat of marriage in Makassar Religious Court.The results show that the number of marriage isbat is still high in Makassar Religious Court which is driven by some factors, for instance: the case of spouses asked for marriage certificate (Marriage contract), spouses who asked for jointed-property, children who need birth certificate, or inheritance purpose. Submission of marriage isbat application to religious court is in line with the law No. 1 of 1974, Article 2 Paragraphs (1) and (2) of Marriage Compilation of Islamic Law Article 7 Paragraph (3) letter d. The application for isbat of marriage which was filed with the court and consideration of the judge the judge's consideration in granting the divorce was not bound by positive law alone, but also the consideration of justice, the sociology of law and the public good.The implication of this study recommends the importance of strengthening regulations that can accommodate present and future problems to avoid greater harm so that the problem of "Sirri marriage" that increases can be avoided. The importance of tightening up the conditions in examining the Marriage isbat case and the need for a reconstruction of Law Number 1 of 1974 Article 2 paragraph (2), Regarding Marriage in conjunction with Presidential Instruction Number 1 of 1991 Article 7 Paragraph (3) letter d Regarding Compilation of Islamic Law.
CORPORATE CRIMINAL LIABILITY REGARDING IUU FISHING FOLLOWING THE JOB CREATION LAW ENACTMENT
Authors: Elvany Ayu Izza
Published: January 2022

This research analyses how is corporate criminal liability regulation in Indonesia regarding IUU Fishing following the enactment of the Job Creation Law. This research uses both statute approach and conceptual approach as the legal research methods to analyse the issued legal problem. Following the enactment of the Job Creation Law on 5th October 2020, some articles of Law No. 45 of 2009 amending law no. 31 of 2004 concerning Fishery are amended, including the corporate criminal liability regulation. This research’s analyses shows that in order to improve the effectiveness of IUU Fishing law enforcement, specifically the ones being committed by a corporation, the Job Creation Law needs to be amended, specifically its article concerning corporate criminal liability, by changing the used conjunction to ‘and/or, as regulated in the draft of Fishery Law as well. Furthermore, as the term of ‘person in charge’ is more appropriate, in case of corporate criminal liability system, than the one used in the Job Creation Law, which is ‘employee’, the Job Creation Law shall be revised by opting the former term into it.
Adoption of deep learning Markov model combined with copula function in portfolio risk measurement
Authors: Li Liangxiong , Muwafak Bishr Muhamed
Published: January 2022

In order to accurately describe the risk dependence structure and correlation between financial variables, carry out scientific financial risk assessment, and provide the basis for accurate financial decision-making, first the basic theory of Copula function is established and the mixed Copula model is constructed. Then the hybrid Copula model is nested in a hidden Markov model (HMM), the risk dependences among banking, insurance, securities and trust industries are analysed, and the Copula–Garch model is constructed for empirical analysis of investment portfolio. Finally, the deep learning Markov model is adopted to predict the financial index. The results show that the mixed Copula model based on HMM is more effective than the single Copula and the mixed Copula models. The empirical structure shows that among the four major financial industries in China, the banking and insurance industries have strong interdependence and high probability of risk contagion. The investment failure rate under 95%, 97.5% and 99% confidence intervals calculated by Copula–Garch model are 4.53%, 2.17% and 1.08%, respectively. Moreover, the errors of deep learning Markov model in stock price prediction of Shanghai Pudong Development Bank (sh600000), Guizhou Moutai (sh600519) and China Ping An Insurance (sh601318) are 2.56%, 2.98% and 3.56% respectively, which indicates that the four major financial industries in China have strong interdependence and risk contagion, so that the macro or systemic risks may arise, and the deep-learning Markov model can be adopted to predict the stock prices.
Inadvertent implications of climate change for butterflies
Authors: Gopinath Rajesh , Ram Aadarsa V. R. , Sengupta Ashok
Published: January 2022

Climate change is one of the leading challenges of this century with an impending threat to wipe out more vital butterfly species than ever before. Climate shift has the potential to affect their life cycles, flight times, essential bio-interactions, and ultimately survival. As the first such study in India, this case study highlights the inferential discussion on the importance of butterflies in maintaining the earth’s fragile ecological balance and consequently the impact of climate change upon them with inadvertent implications. Due to the shifting climate, a number of butterfly species are now migrating to newer places in their search for comfortable temperature and availability of food, as the reduction/loss/change of habitat lowers the diversity of microclimates and availability of food plants for larvae and adult butterflies. Consequently, the butterflies become even more vulnerable to natural perturbations and susceptible to predators and local extinctions.
Understanding the influence of maize (Zea mays) and cowpea (Vigna
unguiculata L. Walp) growth period on some thermal and hydrological properties of two soils with textural class variation
Authors: Akingbola O. O. , Akinbile C. O. , Ojeniyi S. O.
Published: January 2022

Adequate knowledge of soil processes is key to ensuring sustainability. Towards a better understanding of some thermal and hydrological processes that take place in the soil as a result of the growth period of maize and cowpea, a concurrent research was carried out in two different locations with soil textural variation (sandy clay loam and clay loam) at the Federal University of Technology, Akure. The treatment consisted of bare soil plot, cowpea plot, and maize plot arranged in a randomized complete block design in three replicates. The same weed management practice was carried out on all treatment plots throughout the duration of the study. Data were collected at 4 weeks after planting (WAP), 8 WAP, and 12 WAP, during which the dry bulk density, mass wetness, volumetric infiltration rate, saturated hydraulic conductivity, sorptivity, soil temperature, total energy emitted, wavelength of maximal radiation intensity, and energy flux were determined. The results showed that growing maize and cowpea had no significant influence (P > 0.05) on the soil properties measured in the SCL soil. However, significant difference was noticed in the CL soil at 8 WAP; the crops grown prevented the formation of excess soil seal and crust when compared to the bare soil plot. This study shows that soil textural property greatly influences hydrological and thermal processes in the soil during the maize and cowpea growth period.
Evolution of quality parameters of different lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) varieties under unheated plastic tunnel
Authors: Madar Ágota Kovácsné , Hájos Mária Takácsné
Published: January 2022

The plastic tunnel can ensure a positive effect on the yield and quality of vegetables. In our experiment, we evaluated the following types and varieties of lettuce – heading type (‘Great Lakes 659’, ‘King of May’), non-heading type (‘Lollo Rossa’, ‘Lollo Bionda’), and cos type (‘Romaine lettuce’). The highest head weight was detected in ‘Great Lakes 659’ (373.97 g plant−1) and ‘Romaine lettuce’ (266.79 g plant−1) under an unheated plastic tunnel in springtime. Higher nitrate content (565.0 mg kg−1) was measured for ‘cos lettuce’, while lower values (425.50 mg kg−1) were measured for ‘Lollo Bionda’. Among the varieties, one of the highest dry matter content was also measured for ‘Great Lakes 659’ (8.52%). According to our results for lettuce production, ‘Great Lakes 659’ was detected as having a higher yield and dry matter content and a lower nitrate accumulation.
Field performance and survival of cocoa seedlings raised in different growing media
Authors: Akpalu M. M. , Ofosu-Budu G. K. , Kumaga F. K. , Ofori K. , Mintah L.
Published: January 2022

The medium from which seedlings are transplanted influences seedling growth and survival on the field. The objective of the experiment was to compare how growing media affect the growth and survival of cocoa seedlings under field conditions. The seedlings were raised in both soil and soilless media and were transplanted on the field in June, when they were six months old. The experimental design was a randomized complete block design with three different growing media: 1. top soil, 2. sawdust + poultry manure + rice husk biochar (70%:25%:5%), and 3. sawdust + poultry manure + municipal solid waste compost (50%:35%:15%). The cocoa seedlings were transplanted at a spacing of 3 m × 3 m at 12 plants per plot and each plot size measured 45 m × 45 m. Data were collected on plant height, leaf number, stem girth, leaf chlorophyll content, percentage of plants that shed their leaves, and percentage of survival. Results indicated that seedling survival at the onset and end of the dry season was significantly (P < 0.05) higher for seedlings transplanted from soilless media compared to those from the top soil treatment. Irrigation will be necessary to maintain high seedling survival when seedlings are transplanted from the top soil for a well-established plantation.
Factors Influencing the Level of Tax Literacy of Students of Bachelor Study Programmes in Economics at Faculties of Economics
Authors: Formanová Lucie , Mádr Michal , Andrlík Břetislav , Hrabalová Veronika
Published: January 2022

The paper is devoted to the issue of tax literacy, where the aim is to identify factors that affect the level of tax literacy of students of economics at the bachelor’s degree level in the Czech Republic. Through a questionnaire survey, students’ knowledge was tested and research hypotheses were verified using statistical and econometric methods. The survey showed that the level of tax literacy of the defined sample of respondents was satisfactory. Moreover, it was found that this knowledge is mainly influenced by the factor of taking courses with a focus on tax issues and the respondent’s own perception of the level of tax literacy. Specifically, respondents who had taken a tax course or considered themselves tax literate had, on average, five percentage points higher scores on the tax literacy test. On the other hand, the gender of the respondent can be considered a statistically insignificant factor.
The cognition of the spatial art forms of tourist villages based on ecological engineering and sustainable development
Authors: Wang Di , Li Dazhuang
Published: January 2022

With the development of information technology, the improvement of production processes and lifestyles, and the transformation of commercial economic models, the traditional agricultural industry cannot meet the increasing material and cultural needs of villagers. Therefore, the development of traditional tourist villages has transformed into being based on ecological engineering and sustainable development. The starting point of the existence of such tourist villages will be the protection and development of traditional villages. At the same time, the village space is the material carrier for the development of rural tourism, and the construction of a spatial form that is compatible with the tourism resource utilization model can effectively promote the development of rural tourism. Based on SWOT analysis, this article carefully analyses and summarises the domestic research on the sustainable development of tourist villages. The results show that such sustainable development effectively avoids the excessive development of resource elements during rural construction, which can lead to waste, and promotes the optimal use of resources. Since rural tourism has taken a sustainable development path, the average annual compound growth rate has reached as high as 31.2 %, which is considered very rapid growth. Tourist operating income has reached more than 30 %. It is expected that the national rural tourism income in 2021 will exceed 10,000 trillion yuan. Tourism villages will continue to consider ecological engineering and sustainable development as the starting point for promoting the development of rural tourism in China, popularising consumption, standardising services, diversifying benefits, and making products unique.
The Strength of the Tide in the Tagus Estuary
Authors: Monteiro Patrícia Trindade
Published: January 2022

In the context of the history of science and technology, the article explores the use of tide force in the Tagus estuary, more precisely in the municipality of Seixal, from the tide mills in the early modern period to the project of the hydraulic motor in the nineteenth century. The historical knowledge of practices and devices for the intelligent use of water in Seixal is an invitation to current reflection on the use of clean and renewable energies.
Water and Enlightened Techniques: The Azuda (Waterwheel) of Aranjuez (Spain)
Authors: Romero Magdalena Merlos , Caba Victoria Soto
Published: January 2022

This investigation deals about one of the most unique constructions in the Aranjuez hydraulic engineering program. The Azuda, a waterwheel, was built in the middle of the eighteenth century in an area close to the Renaissance canal of the Embocador. First, a spatial and chronological analysis of its construction process and its typology which combines a wheel and an aqueduct, is carried out. Next, it is contextualized in the cultural tradition of the Mediterranean norias and its functions are clarified as it covered both irrigation and recreation. Finally, it is argued how the cultural landscape of Aranjeuz was enriched with a work of great aesthetic value, with classical and Muslim roots, being reinterpreted under the spirit of the Enlightenment.