bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PERJANJIAN BAGI HASIL PENGGARAPAN LAHAN PERKEBUNAN DITINJAU DARI HUKUM POSITIF DAN HUKUM ISLAM
Authors: Jalaluddin Fa  , Fitriyanti Fadia
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The Indonesia plantation law does not regulate in detail about the plantation profit sharing system, so the legal certainty is questionable. In addition, the agreement in principle of Islam (musaqah) needs to be implemented considering that most of the people involved in this activity are Muslim. Furthermore, people are usually making agreements only based on trust and agreement without a written agreement and there is no deadline for the expiration of the agreement so that often occurring a controversy. The type of this research is a normative juridical research, using the statute approach method and other related regulations. The analytical method used in this research is descriptive analysis method. The results showed that the plantation profit sharing system in Indonesia did not have legal certainty. The agreement on trust and agreement without a written agreement is allowed based on positive and Islamic law. The absence of the date line of agreement base on positive law is allowed because there are no regulations that regulate it, but in Islamic law is not allowed because it is gharar.
Abstrak
Dalam undang-undang perkebunan tidak mengatur secara rinci mengenai sistem bagi hasil perkebunan sehingga perlu dipertanyakan mengenai kepastian hukumnya. Selain itu perjanjian secara prinsip Islam (akad musaqah) perlu diterapkan mengingat sebagian besar yang terlibat dalam kegiatan ini ada masyarakat muslim. Masyarakat terbiasa melakukan perjanjian hanya atas dasar kepercayaan dan kesepakatan saja tanpa adanya perjanjian tertulis serta tidak adanya batas waktu berakhirnya perjanjian sehingga kerap terjadi sengketa. Rumusan masalah dalam penelitian ini adalah bagaimana hakikat sistem pelaksanaan perjanjian bagi hasil penggarapan lahan perkebunan di Indonesia menurut perspektif hukum positif dan hukum Islam. Jenis Penelitian ini adalah penelitian yuridis normatif, dengan menggunakan metode pendekatan perundang-undangan serta peraturan terkait. Metode analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif analisis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sistem bagi hasil perkebunan di Indonesia belum memiliki kepastian hukum. Mengenai perjanjian atas kepercayaan dan kesepakatan tanpa adanya perjanjian tertulis sah menurut hukum positif dan hukum Islam. Mengenai tidak adanya batas waktu perjanjian sah menurut hukum positif karena memang belum ada peraturan yang mengatur akan tetapi tidak sah menurut hukum Islam karena tidak sesuai dengan syarat akad musaqah yang mengharuskan adanya batas waktu agar terhindar dari gharar.
A SAFE HARBOUR: A PREDETERMINED MARGIN METHOD TO REDUCE TRANSFER PRICING COMPLIANCE BURDEN
Authors: Tambunan Maria R.U.D.
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The safe harbour provision was unpopular since the beginning of transfer pricing (TP) implementation in Indonesia, even though this provision has been well-known in several countries. Indonesia’s existing safe harbour provision has solely governed the threshold on TP documentation obligation that could not offer certainty about tax audit treatment. The TP threshold refers to the total transaction volume per fiscal year with an affiliation that allows taxpayers to get relief from submitting TP documentation. A deemed profit also applies to a certain manufacture contract. With current provisions, the TP burden of taxpayers and tax administration could not reduce because no certainty on the tax audit exemption with the existence of the threshold provision. Therefore, it needs to improve the safe harbour rule to enhance the certainty manufacturer and reduce the administrative burden.
Abstrak
Ketentuan safe harbour sebagai bagian dari ketentuan transfer pricing (TP) belum populer di Indonesia, meskipun ketentuan tersebut cukup popular di berbagai negara. Ketentuan yang ada di Indonesia saat ini hanya terkait penentuan ambang batas kewajiban pendokumentasian TP yang belum memberikan kepastian hukum terkait pemeriksaan pajak. Ambang batas tersebut diperhitungkan berdasarkan total volume transaksi dengan afiliasi selama satu tahun fiskal yang memungkinkan wajib pajak mendapatkan keringanan dari penyerahan dokumentasi TP. Selain itu, terdapat ketentuan deemed profit (perkiraan keuntungan) bagi perusahaan kontrak manufaktur tertentu. Ketentuan saat ini belum mampu mengurangi kewajiban administratif TP bagi wajib pajak dan otoritas pajak karena tidak adanya kepastian bahwa wajib pajak yang tidak memenuhi ambang batas. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan penyempurnaan atas ketentuan yang berlaku saat ini untuk menciptakan ketentuan safe harbour yang memberikan kepastian dan pengurangan beban administrasi.
MENYEGARKAN PENDEKATAN STUDI HUKUM ACARA PIDANA
Authors: Pangaribuan Aristo Marisi Adiputra
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Suppose we pay attention to Indonesian literature on criminal justice. In that case, the central thesis of most publications are that criminal justice administration is a single system, where actors as a sub-system work together for one clear goal, named justice. We develop a criminal justice model such as adversarial, inquisitorial, and integrated criminal justive systems based on this assumption. This article shows that the reality is not that simple. Through literature review, this article will show that criminal justice is a complex and multi-dimensional subject. The outcome of the system relies heavily on the actors and their interaction when processing a case. This framework has not been widely discussed in the Indonesian literature because of the limited approach to the study of criminal justice. In our study, we are obsessed with models and their comparisons. In the end, this article invites Indonesian academics to refresh our approach to studying criminal justice by expanding our framework in understanding criminal justice as a multi-dimensional subject. Without it, our academic discourse will not develop much.
Abstrak
Apabila kita melihat literatur hukum acara pidana kita, kita akan menemukan asumsi bahwa hukum acara pidana adalah suatu sistem yang tunggal, di mana para aparat penegak hukum sebagai sub-sistem bekerjasama untuk satu tujuan yang jelas, yaitu keadilan. Dari asumsi ini lahir istilah-istilah model acara pidana seperti adversarial, inquisitorial sampai integrated criminal justice system. Artikel ini menunjukkan bahwa realitanya tidak sesederhana itu. Melalui metode tinjauan literatur, artikel ini akan menunjukkan bahwa hukum acara pidana adalah disiplin ilmu yang kompleks dan multi-dimensional. Luaran dari proses acara pidana lebih banyak ditentukan oleh para aktor dan relasi kerja antar mereka. Kerangka berpikir inilah yang belum banyak dibahas oleh literatur kita karena keterbatasan pendekatan yang lebih banyak terobsesi dengan model dan komparasi model hukum acara pidana. Pada akhirnya, artikel ini mengajak para akademisi untuk menyegarkan pendekatan studi hukum acara pidana dengan jalan memperluas kerangka berpikir yang meletakkan disiplin ilmu acara pidana sebagai proses yang multi-dimensional. Tanpanya, disiplin ilmu hukum acara pidana tidak akan berkembang banyak.
MENYOAL PERTANGGUNGJAWABAN HUKUM PIDANA TERHADAP TINDAKAN MALAPRAKTIK KEDOKTERAN DI TENGAH PANDEMI COVID-19 DI INDONESIA
Authors: T. Subarsyah
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Indications of malpractice by medical personnel when handling Covid-19 cases are in the public spotlight quite seriously. These actions are feared to be a bad image and a frightening specter for patients and the general public. This paper aims to answer the doctor's criminal responsibility due to negligence in handling the health of patients infected with Covid-19. The approach method is normative juridical by examining the legislation, and various legal literature that supports writing. The result of the study is a description of the doctor's responsibility due to negligence from the juridical aspect in the form of analytical descriptive. As for the conclusions, the impact of malpractice and the responsibility of doctors in terms of criminal, civil and code of ethics.
AbstrakIndikasi adanya tindakan malapraktik oleh tenaga medis saat penanganan kasus Covid-19 menjadi sorotan publik yang cukup serius. Tindakan tersebut dikhawatirkan menjadi citra buruk dan momok menakutkan bagi pasien dan masyarakat umum. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk menjawab pertanggung jawaban pidana dokter akibat kelalaian penanganan kesehatan pasien yang terinfeksi Covid-19. Metode pendekatan melalui yuridis normatif dengan menelaah peraturan perundang-undangan, dan berbagai literatur ilmu hukum yang mendukung tulisan. Hasil telaah berupa gambaran pertanggung jawaban dokter akibat kelalaian dari aspek yuridis dalam bentuk deskriptif analitis. Adapun kesimpulan, dampak malapraktik dan pertanggung jawaban dokter dari sisi pidana, perdata dan kode etik.
IMPLEMENTATION OF IMAM AL-MAWARDI'S THOUGHTS ON POLITICS AND LAW IN THE INDONESIAN JUDICIAL POWER
Authors: Fudin Hanif
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The constitutional significance in the rule of law within the framework of the political system is the judicial power. This is considered as the benchmark in the implementation of the rule of law. In this case, Imam Al-Mawardi’s doctrine contain relevance to the judicial power in Indonesia, especially in its political and law context related to judges as the figure of the court. This research is a literature research based on literal-descriptive method and using a normative, political, and philosophical approach with the objective of analyzing  politics and law as a constitutional discourse in the judicial field based on Imam al-Mawardi's doctrine of the judicial power in Indonesia. The results show that Imam al-Mawardi's conceptual ideas of politics and law in the judicial power led to the strengthening of judge as a central figure in the judicial field showing the integrity of the judicial power in the constitution of Indonesia within the judicial field as a form of accountability.
Abstrak
Signifikansi konstitusional pada negara hukum dalam kerangka sistem politik adalah kekuasaan kehakiman. Hal tersebut dinilai sebagai bentuk tolakan dalam pelaksanaan suatu negara hukum. Dalam hal ini, pemikiran Imam Al-Mawardi memuat relevansi dengan kekuasaan kehakiman di Indonesia, terutama dalam konteks politik dan hukumnya terkait figur hakim pengadilan. Oleh karenanya penelitian yang dilakukan adalah penelitian pustaka dengan menggunakan metode deskriptif-literal disertai pendekatan yuridis, politis, dan filosofis dalam rangka mengetahui urgensi politik dan hukum sebagai wacana ketatanegaraan di bidang peradilan dari perspektif Imam al-Mawardi terhadap kekuasaan kehakiman di Indonesia. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemikiran konseptual Imam al-Mawardi tentang politik dan hukum dalam kekuasaan kehakiman lebih mengarah pada penguatan aspek hakim sebagai figur sentral di bidang peradilan untuk mewujudkan integritas kekuasaan kehakiman sebagaimana dalam ketatanegaraan Indonesia pada bidang peradilan sebagai bentuk pertanggungjawaban.
AZAS PEMBUKTIAN TERBALIK DALAM SENGKETA PENJAMINAN PENGEMBALIAN MODAL PEMBIAYAAN MUDHARABAH, MUSYARAKAH DAN WAKALAH BIL ISTITSMAR
Authors: Mardi Mardi Candra
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The principle of reversed proof (omreking van het bewijslast) in the DSN Fatwa No. 105/DSN-MUI/X/2016 concerning guaranteeing the return of capital for the financing of mudharabah, musyarakah and wakalah bil istitsmar is the new norm in the legal framework of sharia economic procedures. This study aims to find the ratio legis of the existence of an inverted evidentiary norm in the DSN fatwa No. 105/DSN-MUI/X/2016. This type of research is normative law with a descriptive-comparative approach by describing all legal materials and comparing them with the reverse proof norm in the Consumer Protection Act. The results of the study indicate that the legal reason for the reverse evidence in the DSN fatwa is because the capital manager is a more active and knowledgeable party in developing the business so that he has absolute responsibility (strict liability) for all errors and omissions in managing the project being carried out.
Abstrak
Asas pembuktian terbalik (omreking van het bewijslast) dalam Fatwa DSN No 105/DSN-MUI/X/2016 tentang penjaminan pengembalian modal pembiayaan mudharabah, musyarakah dan wakalah bil istitsmar merupakan norma baru dalam kerangka hukum acara ekonomi syariah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menemukan ratio legis adanya norma pembuktian terbalik dalam fatwa DSN No 105/DSN-MUI/X/2016. Jenis Penelitian ini bersifat normatif law dengan pendekatan deskriptif-komparatif dengan memaparkan seluruh bahan hukum dan membandingkannya dengan norma pembuktian terbalik dalam Undang-Undang Perlindungan Konsumen. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa alasan hukum pembuktian terbalik dalam fatwa DSN ini karena pengelola modal merupakan pihak yang lebih aktif dan mengetahui dalam mengembangkan bisnis sehingga memiliki tanggungjawab mutlak (strict liability) atas segala kesalahan dan kelalaian dalam mengelola projek yang dijalankan.
KONFLIK KEWENANGAN DALAM PEMAKZULAN KEPALA DAERAH/WAKIL KEPALA DAERAH
Authors: La Ode Muhaimin
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Clustering of authority to impeach the regional head or vice regional head builds a conflict of authority between DPRD and the president/Minister of Home Affairs regarding the regional head or vice regional head carrying out crime that causes a widespread crisis of public trust by the intersection between the two clusters. This research type is normative law and uses legal approach conceptually and presented qualitatively. Conflict of authority can be revealed when the report of a crime against the regional head or vice regional head is simultaneously carried out to DPRD and the police.. Assuming that DPRD and the police appear in the phase of impeachment, there will be clashes between clusters of authority. This is due to the authority in the Presidential/Minister of Home Affairs cluster and the authority in the DPRD cluster to provide responses. Finally , the  DPRD’s political process and the police's legal process could be shown.  The conflict of authority increases as the results of the investigation between the DPRD and the police differ. For instance, in the case of blasphemy committed by Basuki Cahaya Purnama. The reconceptualization of DPRD rights will eliminate potential conflicts of authority to impeach regional heads or vice regional heads that carry out criminal acts and build a crisis of public trust.
Abstrak
Klasterisasi kewenangan pemakzulan kepala daerah/wakil kepala daerah menimbulkan konflik kewenangan antara DPRD dan Presiden/Menteri Dalam Negeri dalam hal kepala daerah/wakil kepala daerah melakukan tindak pidana yang memicu krisis kepercayaan publik yang meluas karena adanya persinggungan antar dua klaster. Jenis penelitian hukum normatif, menggunakan pendekatan undang-undang dan konseptual serta disajikan secara kualitatif. Konflik kewenangan muncul  tatkala laporan tindak pidana terhadap kepala daerah/wakil kepala daerah bersamaan ke DPRD dan kepolisian. Apabila DPRD memulai tahapan pemakzulan dan kepolisian juga memulai proses hukum maka benturan antar klaster kewenangan potensial terjadi.. Konflik kewenangan bertambah bilamana hasil penyelidikan DPRD dan kepolisian berbeda. Misalnya, dalam kasus penodaan agama yang dilakukan oleh Basuki Cahaya Purnama. Masing-masing memiliki kewenangan yang diatur dalam klaster kewenangan masing-masing pula untuk menanggapinya.Akhirnya proses politik di DPRD dan proses hukum di kepolisian dapat tersaji. Rekonseptualisasi hak DPRD akan menghilangkan potensi konflik kewenangan dalam hal pemakzulan kepala daerah/wakil kepala daerah yang melakukan tindak pidana yang menimbulkan krisis kepercayaan masyarakat.
LARANGAN EKSPOR BIJIH NIKEL INDONESIA DIANTARA STABILITAS PERDAGANGAN INTERNASIONAL
Authors: Haddad Hanina , Novianty Helitha , Adolf Huala
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The Indonesian government through the Minister of Energy and Mineral Resources Regulation No. 11 of 2019 regarding the Second Amendment to the Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources Regulation No. 25 of 2018 regarding Mineral and Coal Mining has decided to accelerate the implementation of nickel ore exports starting from January 1, 2020. This regulation is considered to violate the General Elimination of Quantitative Restriction in Article XI of the General Agreement in Tariffs and Trade (GATT) and is being sued by the European Union to the WTO DSB. This article analyzes the scope of Article XI of the GATT and the conformity of the regulation on the ban on the export of nickel ore with justification in the GATT regulatory framework. This article uses a normative juridical approach, with the research done by examining library materials and secondary data. This research is a descriptive-analytical study that analyzes legal instruments related to the issues discussed, to deliver a comprehensive and systematic comprehension of the scope and application of the Quantitative Restriction Principle. This article also shows DSB WTO interpretation on Quantitative Restriction cases is still considered narrow and overrides the goals and rights of a country.
Abstrak
Pemerintah Indonesia melalui Peraturan Menteri Energi dan Sumber Daya Mineral No. 11 Tahun 2019 tentang Perubahan kedua atas Peraturan Menteri Energi dan Sumber Daya Mineral No. 25 tahun 2018 tentang Pengusahaan Pertambangan dan Mineral Batubara (Permen ESDM 11/2019) memutuskan untuk memberhentikan kegiatan ekspor bijih nikel mulai dari tanggal 1 Januari 2020. Peraturan ini dianggap melanggar Prinsip Restriksi Kuantitatif dalam Pasal XI General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) dan dituntut oleh Uni Eropa kepada Dispute Settlement Body World Trade Organization (DSB WTO). Artikel ini menganalisa mengenai ruang lingkup dari Pasal XI GATT dan kesesuaian regulasi larangan ekspor bijih nikel dengan justifikasi dalam kerangka peraturan GATT. Artikel ini menggunakan metode pendekatan yuridis normatif, yakni penelitian hukum yang dilakukan melalui penelitian bahan pustaka serta data sekunder. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif analitis yang menganalisa instrument-instrumen hukum terkait, untuk memberikan pemahaman secara menyeluruh dan sistematis terhadap ruang lingkup dan pemberlakuan Prinsip Restriksi Kuantitatif. Artikel ini juga menunjukan bahwa, interpretasi dari panel DSB WTO terhadap suatu kasus masih ternilai sempit dan mengesampingkan tujuan serta hak suatu negara.
MAKNA LARANGAN “MEMILIKI DAN/ATAU MENGUASAI” DALAM HUBUNGAN KEMITRAAN ANTARA USAHA MIKRO, KECIL, DAN MENENGAH DENGAN USAHA BESAR BERDASARKAN PENAFSIRAN SISTEMATIS
Authors: Antoni Veri
Published: June 2024

Abstract
SMEs still facing various detention and obstacles especially in terms of financial and to overcome those problems is to have partnerships with big enterprises. Alongside with the partnerships, there is a prohibition regarding the big enterprises who have partnered with MSMEs to “owning and/or controlling” MSMEs as their partners as it is regulated in Article 35 of Law Number 20 of 2008 on Concerning Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises. Nevertheless, this provision doesn’t explain the definition of “owning and/or controlling”. This research aims to obtain the definition of the prohibition of “owning and/or controlling” in such partnership relations between MSMEs and Big Enterprises. This research is a juridical normative research using a statutory and conceptual approach. This research was analyzed with qualitative and the research results is descriptive. The results of this research show that first, the phase of  “owning and/or controlling” is referred to the prohibition against large or medium enterprises as shareholders or as controllers who have share ownership and/or voting rights of more than 50% and/or as a beneficial owner who has share ownership and voting rights of more than 25%, second, related to the phase “owing and/or controlling” is also referring to an act or action that is able to control in any way over the management and company policies.
Abstrak
UMKM masih menghadapi berbagai hambatan dan kendala terutama dalam konteks finansial dan untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut adalah menjalin kemitraan dengan Usaha Besar. Dalam kemitraan tersebut, terdapat larangan bahwa Usaha Besar yang bermitra dengan UMKM untuk “memiliki dan atau menguasai” UMKM sebagaimana mitranya sebagaimana diatur dalam Pasal 35 Undang-Undang Nomor 20 Tahun 2008 tentang Usaha Mikro Kecil dan Menengah. Namun, ketentuan tersebut tidak menjelaskan frasa “memiliki dan atau menguasai”. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh kejelasan atas adanya larangan “memiliki dan atau menguasai” dalam hubungan kemitraan antara UMKM dengan Usaha Besar. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian yuridis-normatif dengan menggunakan pendekatan peraturan perundang-undangan dan pendekatan konseptual. Penelitian dianalisis secara kualitatif dan hasil penelitian bersifat deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa pertama, yaitu frasa “memiliki dan/atau menguasai” merujuk kepada larangan kepada Usaha Besar atau Usaha Menengah sebagai pemegang saham atau sebagai pengendali yang memiliki kepemilikan saham dan/atau hak suara lebih dari 50% (lima puluh persen) dan/atau sebagai Pemilik Manfaat yang mempunyai kepemilikan saham dan hak suara lebih dari 25% (dua puluh lima persen) dan yang kedua, terkait frasa “memiliki dan/atau menguasai” termasuk juga merujuk kepada suatu perbuatan atau tindakan yang mampu mengendalikan dengan cara apapun atas pengelolaan dan kebijakan suatu perusahaan.
ARBITRASE SEBAGAI ALTERNATIF PENYELESAIAN SENGKETA BISNIS DALAM KONTEKS EKONOMI DIGITAL
Authors: Fatma Muthia Kinanti  , Garuda Wiko  , Devina Puspita Sari
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This paper explores arbitration dispute resolution methods and the readiness of arbitration institutions to address challenges arising in the digital economy. The research method employed is normative legal research with a conceptual approach. The concept of the digital economy is delineated using two approaches, depicting its influence on various sectors and identifying emerging business models. There are three types of businesses in the digital economy: e-commerce, payment services, and other business models such as app stores and electronic advertising. It is found that disputes in the digital economy exhibit specific characteristics, notably involving third parties in transactions, standardized electronic contracts, and the complexity of information technology systems. Dispute resolution in this context considers the choice of dispute resolution forum, applicable laws, as well as the use of online technology and expeditious arbitration procedures. Additional challenges include enhancing arbitrator capacity and complete digitization of the arbitration process.
 
Abstrak
Tulisan ini akan mengeksplorasi metode penyelesaian sengketa arbitrase dan kesiapan institusi arbitrase dalam menghadapi tantangan yang muncul dalam ekonomi digital. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian hukum normative dengan pendekatan konseptual. Konsep ekonomi digital dijelaskan dengan dua pendekatan, menggambarkan pengaruhnya pada berbagai sektor, dan mengidentifikasi model bisnis yang berkembang. Terdapat tiga tipe bisnis dalam ekonomi digital: e-commerce, jasa pembayaran, dan model bisnis lainnya seperti app stores dan periklanan elektronik. Ditemukan bahwa sengketa dalam ekonomi digital memiliki karakteristik khusus, terutama melibatkan pihak ketiga dalam transaksi, kontrak elektronik yang cenderung baku, dan kompleksitas sistem teknologi informasi. Penyelesaian sengketa dalam konteks ini mempertimbangkan pemilihan forum penyelesaian, hukum yang berlaku, serta penggunaan teknologi online dan prosedur arbitrase yang cepat. Tantangan tambahan adalah peningkatan kapasitas arbiter dan digitalisasi lengkap proses arbitrase.
DELIK PIDANA DALAM REGULASI PERLINDUNGAN HUTAN SAGU DI KABUPATEN JAYAPURA
Authors: Thesia Elias Hence
Published: June 2024

Abstract

This research aims to analyze criminal offenses in the regulations for the protection of sago forests in Jayapura district as regulated in Jayapura District Regulation No. 3 of 2000. Even though it is regulated in this regulation, the fact is that the population of sago plants in Jayapura Regency is decreasing, this problem will be discussed using normative juridical research methods based on the analysis of the applicable laws and regulations. The research data used is secondary legal data consisting of primary legal materials, namely laws and regulations related to the research problem. The legal data was obtained through literature study which was then analyzed descriptively analytically. “Based on the research results, it was concluded that regulations regarding the protection of sago forests in Jayapura Regency have not been effective. This is proven by the data obtained that the sago forest population in Jayapura Regency continues to decline. The impact of this problem is environmental damage in Jayapura Regency. There needs to be cooperation between the community and the Jayapura Regency Government so that regulations regarding the protection of Sago Forests can be implemented effectively in Jayapura Regency.

 
Abstrak
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis Penegakan Hukum dan Perlindungan Hutan Sagu Berdasarkan Peraturan kabupaten Jayapura No 3 Tahun 2000 Tentang Pelestarian Hutan Sagu. “Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu yuridis normatif dengan mendasarkan analisisnya pada peraturan perundang-undangan yang berlaku. Data penelitian yang digunakan yaitu data hukum sekunder yang terdiri dari bahan hukum primer yaitu peraturan perundang-undangan antara lain; Undang - Undang No. 32 Tahun 2009 Tentang Pengelolaan Lingkungan Hidup, Undang-undang No. 21 Tahun 2001 tentang Otonomi Khusus, dan Peraturan Daerah Kabupaten Jayapura No. 3 Tahun 2000 Tentang Pelestarian Hutan Sagu. Penelitian ini juga menggunakan bahan hukum sekunder yaitu literatur yang terkait dengan permasalahan penelitian. Data hukum tersebut diperoleh melalui studi kepustakaan yang selanjutnya dianalisis secara deskriptif analitis.” untuk menjawab permasalahan penelitian, Namun dalam Pelaksanaan Penebangan terhadap Hutan sagu terus terjadi dan terus mengalami Peningkatan yang berdampak penuruan populasi sagu dan kerusakan pada lingkungan. Hal ini di sebabkan karena masing-masing pihak baik itu masyarakat dan pemerintah memiliki keutuhan masing. Maka berdasarkan hal tersebut Penegakan Hukum dalam Peraturan Kabupaten Jayapura No. 3 Tahun 2000 Tentang Pelestarian Hutan Sagu Belum Berjalan Baik.
KERANCUAN PARADIGMA DALAM PENELITIAN HUKUM EMPIRIS (ANALISIS MATRIKS DISIPLINER MENURUT AULIS AARNIO)
Authors: Sabil Jabbar
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Legal scientists state that there is a paradigm shift in legal research. Anomalies arise when researchers apply reflective thinking to middle-order theories of legal scholarship. In this case, the legal paradigm could be fallen by a paradigm that comes from outside the legal sciences. The lack of understanding of the concepts that still apply in legal science is the cause of the chaos of the legal research paradigm. This problem is studied using philosophy as an approach and a method. This paper concludes that legal research can develop a paradigm if it focuses on hermeneutical interpretation. As for the social research method, it is limited as a tool to reveal facts only.
 
Abstrak
Ahli hukum menyatakan adanya pergulatan paradigma dalam penelitian hukum. Anomali muncul manakala peneliti menerapkan pemikiran reflektif terhadap teori orde tengah keilmuan hukum. Dalam hal ini, paradigma hukum bisa diruntuhkan oleh paradigma dari luar keilmuan hukum. Ketidakpahaman terhadap konsep-konsep yang berlaku tetap dalam keilmuan hukum menjadi sebab kekacauan paradigma penelitian hukum. Masalah ini dikaji dengan menggunakan filsafat sebagai pendekatan dan juga metode. Tulisan ini sampai pada simpulan bahwa penelitian hukum dapat mengembangkan paradigma jika fokus pada interpretasi hermeneutika. Adapun metode penelitian sosial, dibatasi sebagai alat untuk mengungkap fakta semata.
PROBLEMATIKA KETIDAKADILAN LINGKUNGAN DALAM PENGELOLAAN WILAYAH PESISIR DI INDONESIA
Authors: Muhamad Agil Aufa Afinnas
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Environmental injustice often occurs in coastal area utilization activities due to the neglect of social and environmental interests for economic interests. In this research, the problem of environmental injustice in coastal area management will be analyzed using the Taxonomy of Environmental Justice framework. Furthermore, reflection will be carried out using the Job Creation Perpu concerning environmental injustice in coastal areas. This research uses doctrinal legal research method. This research will indicate environmental injustice in the form of distributive, corrective, procedural, and social injustice. Distributive injustice is related to the unequal distribution of risks and benefits of coastal area management activities. Corrective injustice occurs because environmental law enforcement is still weak and the legal norms are also nonideal for justice awakening. Procedural injustice is related to the obstacles in accessing the right to information, the right to participation, and the right to justice. There are also social injustice related to the welfare problems of coastal communities. However, The Job Creation Perpu is considered unable to overcome the problem of environmental injustice that occurs in coastal area management so far.
 
Abstrak
Permasalahan ketidakadilan lingkungan masih sering terjadi di tengah aktivitas pemanfaatan wilayah pesisir. Ketidakadilan lingkungan dapat muncul akibat diabaikannya kepentingan sosial dan lingkungan hidup demi kepentingan ekonomi. Dalam penelitian ini, problematika ketidakadilan lingkungan dalam konteks pengelolaan wilayah pesisir akan dikaji menggunakan kerangka Taksonomi Keadilan Lingkungan. Selanjutnya, akan dilakukan refleksi terhadap Perpu Cipta Kerja dalam kaitannya dengan ketidakadilan lingkungan di wilayah pesisir. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian hukum doktrinal.Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa ketidakadilan lingkungan, yang berupa ketidakadilan distributif, prosedural, korektif, dan sosial masih terjadi. Ketidakadilan distributif masih terjadi berkaitan dengan distribusi risiko atau dampak dan manfaat dari aktivitas pengelolaan wilayah pesisir yang timpang. Ketidakadilan prosedural yang terjadi berkaitan dengan adanya hambatan pemenuhan hak atas informasi hak akses partisipasi, dan akses keadilan. Ketidakadilan korektif terjadi akibat masih lemahnya penegakan hukum lingkungan dan norma yang ada juga belum ideal untuk mewujudkan keadilan. Yang terakhir, ketidakadilan sosial terjadi berkaitan dengan permasalahan kesejahteraan masyarakat pesisir. Akan tetapi, Perpu Cipta Kerja dinilai belum dapat mengatasi ketidakadilan lingkungan dalam pengelolaan wilayah pesisir.
PENGATURAN HAK ASASI MANUSIA DAN PELINDUNGAN HUKUM MASYARAKAT ADAT DI SEKTOR USAHA PERTAMBANGAN
Authors: Sutan Sorik  , Anang Dwiatmoko
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This study aims to examine the human rights issues of indigenous peoples in mining areas. The research method used is qualitative with a normative juridical form. From the research conducted, it was found that the practice of utilizing natural resources in the last five decades still found many violations of human rights, especially those related to the rights of indigenous peoples. There are various conflicts over the rights to control and use of natural resources between indigenous peoples and the government or mining permit holders. These problems occur because the laws and regulations related to natural resources are still characterized by being centralized with reference to state-based resource management. The regulations made prioritize a sectoral approach, oriented to exploitation by ignoring the interests of conservation and sustainability of natural resources in order to achieve economic growth targets, prioritizing the interests of large-scale investors. So that there is a need for changes to the laws and regulations of the natural resource sector, especially in the mining sector, as well as encouraging the government to immediately ratify the draft law on indigenous peoples, as an effort to protect the rights of indigenous peoples in mining areas.
 
Abstrak
Penelitian ini mengkaji problematika pelanggaran hak asasi manusia masyarakat adat di daerah pertambangan. Metode penelitian yang dilakukan adalah kualitatif dengan bentuk yuridis normatif. Dari penelitian yang dilakukan ditemukan bahwa praktek pemanfaatan sumber daya alam pada tiga dekade terakhir masih banyak ditemukan pelanggaran hak asasi manusia, khususnya yang berkaitan dengan hak-hak masyarakat adat.  Terdapat pelbagai konflik hak penguasaan dan pemanfaatan sumberdaya alam antara masyarakat adat dengan pemerintah atau pemegang izin pertambangan. Problematika tersebut terjadi karena peraturan perundang-undangan terkait sumber daya alam yang masih berciri sentralistik dengan mengacu pada manajemen yang berpusat pada pemerintah (state-based resource management). Peraturan yang dibuat mengedepankan pendekatan sektoral, berorientasi pada eksploitasi dengan mengabaikan kepentingan konservasi dan keberlanjutan sumber daya alam demi pencapaian target  pertumbuhan ekonomi, mengutamakan kepentingan para investor berskala besar. Sehingga perlu adanya perubahan terhadap peraturan perundang-undangan sektor sumber daya alam khususnya bidang pertambangan, serta mendorong pemerintah untuk segera mengesahkan rancangan undang-undangan masyarakat hukum adat, sebagai upaya melindungi hak-hak masyarakat adat di daerah pertambangan.
MENINJAU KEMBALI GAGASAN PLURALISME KONSTITUSI DI TENGAH KRISIS KONSTITUSIONALISME MODERN: PROSPEK PENERAPANNYA BAGI INDONESIA
Authors: Mario Angkawidjaja
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Modern constitutionalism that is trapped in methodological nationalism and overly focused on limiting political power has hindered the development of constitutionalism in responding to contemporary constitutional issues. Modern society, which is becoming increasingly functionally differentiated, has successfully formed various autonomous social subsystems. However, uncontrolled autonomy of social subsystems can give rise to catastrophes that threaten the existence of other subsystems, such as the monetization of media institutions and the politicization of scientific institutions. Using a socio-historical approach and the assistance of systems theory, this paper attempts to re-examine the idea of constitutional pluralism that has the potential to address the crisis of modern constitutionalism. This paper claims that the constitution should not be narrowly understood as an instrument that constitutes and limits political power exercised by the state. Instead, it should be broadly understood as an instrument that can also constitutes and limits the dynamics of other communication media outside of political power. Each autonomous social subsystem can self-regulation and self- limitation without relying on state law. The state should not ignore the condition of functional differentiation or intervene in the autonomy of various subsystems in society.
Abstrak
Konstitusionalisme modern yang terjebak pada nasionalisme metodologis dan terlalu fokus pada pembatasan kekuasaan politik telah menghalangi perkembangan konstitusionalisme untuk merespons isu konstitusional kontemporer. Masyarakat modern yang semakin terdiferensiasi secara fungsional telah berhasil membentuk bermacam sub-sistem sosial yang otonom. Akan tetapi, otonomi sub-sistem sosial yang tidak terkontrol dapat melahirkan katastrofe yang mengancam eksistensi sub-sistem yang lain, seperti monetisasi institusi media dan politisasi institusi sains. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan sosio-historis dan bantuan dari teori sistem, tulisan ini berupaya untuk meninjau ulang ide pluralisme konstitusi yang memiliki prospek untuk menjawab krisis konstitusionalisme modern. Tulisan ini mengklaim bahwa konstitusi tidak semestinya dimaknai secara sempit sebagai instrumen yang membentuk dan melimitasi kekuasaan politik yang dijalankan oleh negara. Melainkan, perlu dimaknai secara luas sebagai instrumen yang juga dapat membentuk dan melimitasi dinamika medium komunikasi lainnya di luar kekuasaan politik. Setiap sub-sistem sosial yang otonom mempunyai kemampuan untuk meregulasi dan membatasi diri tanpa perlu bergantung pada hukum negara. Negara tidak semestinya mengabaikan kondisi diferensiasi fungsional maupun mengintervensi otonomi berbagai sub-sistem di masyarakat.
Effects of Individualized Anemia Therapy on Hemoglobin Stability
Authors: Fuertinger Doris H. , Wang Lin-Chun , Jörg David J. , Rivera Fuentes Lemuel , Ye Xiaoling , Casper Sabrina , Zhang Hanjie , Mermelstein Ariella , Cherif Alhaji , Ho Kevin , Raimann Jochen G. , Tisdale Lela , Kotanko Peter , Thijssen Stephan
Published: June 2024

Key Points

We conducted a randomized controlled pilot trial in patients on hemodialysis using a physiology-based individualized anemia therapy assistance software.

Patients in the group receiving erythropoiesis-stimulating agent dose recommendations from the novel software showed improvement in hemoglobin stability and erythropoiesis-stimulating agent utilization.

Background

Anemia is common among patients on hemodialysis. Maintaining stable hemoglobin levels within predefined target levels can be challenging, particularly in patients with frequent hemoglobin fluctuations both above and below the desired targets. We conducted a multicenter, randomized controlled trial comparing our anemia therapy assistance software against a standard population-based anemia treatment protocol. We hypothesized that personalized dosing of erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESAs) improves hemoglobin target attainment.

Methods

Ninety-six patients undergoing hemodialysis and receiving methoxy polyethylene glycol-epoetin beta were randomized 1:1 to the intervention group (personalized ESA dose recommendations computed by the software) or the standard-of-care group for 26 weeks. The therapy assistance software combined a physiology-based mathematical model and a model predictive controller designed to stabilize hemoglobin levels within a tight target range (10–11 g/dl). The primary outcome measure was the percentage of hemoglobin measurements within the target. Secondary outcome measures included measures of hemoglobin variability and ESA utilization.

Results

The intervention group showed an improved median percentage of hemoglobin measurements within target at 47% (interquartile range, 39–58), with a 10% point median difference between the two groups (95% confidence interval, 3 to 16; P = 0.008). The odds ratio of being within the hemoglobin target in the standard-of-care group compared with the group receiving the personalized ESA recommendations was 0.68 (95% confidence interval, 0.51 to 0.92). The variability of hemoglobin levels decreased in the intervention group, with the percentage of patients experiencing fluctuating hemoglobin levels being 45% versus 82% in the standard-of-care group. ESA usage was reduced by approximately 25% in the intervention group.

Conclusions

Our results demonstrated an improved hemoglobin target attainment and variability by using personalized ESA recommendations using the physiology-based anemia therapy assistance software.

Clinical Trial registration number:

NCT04360902.
Public Health in Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, After the Bhopal Gas Tragedy: A Long-term Analysis
Authors: Khan Shiree
Published: June 2024

The Bhopal Gas Tragedy of December 2-3, 1984, is widely regarded as the world's worst industrial disaster, caused by the release of methyl isocyanate (MIC) gas from a pesticide plant owned by Union Carbide Corporation. This paper aims to analyze the long-term public health impacts on the residents of Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, following the disaster. The study examines immediate health effects, chronic health conditions, mental health impacts, and the effectiveness of healthcare and rehabilitation efforts over the past decades.
E-Tender Procurement Solutions
Authors: Mithbavkar Shraddha
Published: June 2024

Abstract: In today's day and age of the 21st century, India is moving towards an advanced technological advancement where the old and hereditary methods are been revolutionized to become hassle-free and paperless. One of the main aspects of governments, big private and public entities is to ensure that they get the best and budget-friendly products based on the requirements put forth. To get such products companies put out a document known as tenders. These tenders specify the job description time duration estimated cost and other details related to the expected result. In olden times the advertisement of tenders was given in newspapers and the companies used to send the bids and tender requests in a closed and sealed envelope. These envelopes used to be opened on a decided date to ensure transparency in the process. As time progressed the people started manipulating the tenders by changing the amounts to the lowest possible figures thus managing the results. To end this monopoly and eliminate the geographical advantage we are hereby proposing a methodology that will ensure that such discrepancies do not happen. The model we are proposing is known as E tender procurement solutions. This model is based on a user-friendly framework and an assurance of data protection and manipulation-free environment through blockchain. The model can be used as a base where companies can customize it and use it as a self-product.
Moneyminder: An Expense Tracking Application
Authors: . Manya
Published: June 2024

Abstract: In today’s fast-paced world, the ability to track regular expenses efficiently is more vital than ever to maintaining a budget. Moneyminder is a web application. This application allows user to maintain and keep a track of expenses on a daily basis. It enables individuals to categorize their spending, such as groceries, utilizes, entertainment. This method is used to split the daily expenditures. This program manages a user's daily costs based on their income, allowing them to save money. You will receive a notice if your daily spending limit is exceeded, encouraging you to limit your spending on that particular day. The money that remains after spending is added to the user's savings if they spend less than the daily cost cap. Every month at the conclusion, the program creates a report of the costs. By tracking your expense, you can understand your financial habits on a deeper level. It helps in setting realistic financial goals and provide a clear picture of financial health. Overall, this is a smart automated solution for tracking expense
AI-based Precision Enhancement for Change Detection in Drone/UAV Videos
Authors: Singh Pradeep
Published: June 2024

The rapid advancement in drone/UAV technology has led to their extensive use in various domains including surveillance, agriculture, and environmental monitoring. Change detection in UAV videos is crucial for identifying significant alterations in the observed areas. However, challenges such as varying scales, resolutions, and orientations of video frames pose significant hurdles. This paper addresses these challenges by leveraging the SIFT algorithm for panoramic stitching and change detection, followed by the application of the YOLOv8 model for high-precision anomaly detection
The Changing Landscape of Employment: The Impact of Artificial Intelligence and Robotics
Authors: Mishra Harsh
Published: June 2024

Abstract: “The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) and robotics is profoundly transforming the employment landscape across various industries. This paper examines the extensive impacts of these technologies on the workforce, highlighting key areas such as the automation of routine tasks, augmentation of human capabilities, creation of new job sectors, necessity for skills shift and reskilling, as well as the resultant job polarization. It delves into the ethical, social, and global implications of these changes, emphasizing the disparity between different socio-economic groups and geographical regions. The paper advocates for proactive, collaborative policy responses from governments, educational institutions, and industry leaders to mitigate adverse effects while enhancing the benefits of technological advancements. Through a comprehensive analysis, this study underscores the critical need for strategic planning and regulation to navigate the challenges and harness the opportunities presented by AI and robotics in the evolving employment landscape
Analyzing mathematics formative test questions for higher-order thinking skills utilizing the Rasch model
Authors: Avrinda Clarisa Aurelia , Slazenny Amelline , Ghani Fahad Abdul
Published: June 2024

In the present day, education is anticipated to cultivate individuals who possess the 4C competencies, which encompass creative thinking, critical thinking and problem-solving, communication, and teamwork. In the 21st century, education is of growing significance in equipping students with learning aptitude, creativity, and proficiency in using technology and information media, enabling them to thrive and adapt. This research aims to examine and explain the attributes of questions that assess higher-order thinking skills using the Rasch Item Response Theory (IRT) method. This study is a Descriptive quantitative research. This study focused on analyzing the response patterns of 70 class XI students from SMA Negeri 3 Tuban towards a formative test instrument that consisted of five answer choices. The test set is derived from the execution of formative assessments. The Rasch model was utilized for data analysis with the assistance of ConQuest. The analysis results indicate that all items conform to the Rasch model. Based on the difficulty level, 15% of the items fell into the troublesome category, while 85% were classified as moderate. The difficulty level values go from -1,094 to 1,250.
FINANCIAL TECHNOLOGY (FINTECH) REVIEWED ACCORDING TO THE PERSPECTIVE OF FOUR ULEMA OF FIQIH (HANAFI, MALIKI, SYAFI'I AND HAMBALI)
Authors: Al-Mu'min A Khaerul Mu'min
Published: June 2024

Financial Tecknologi (Fintech) adalah alat transaksi digital yang berkembang dimasyarakat saat ini. Banyak perusahan yang mengembangkan fintech dan menggunakannya sebagai transaksi yang praktis dan mudah. Penjual dan pembeli tidak perlu berhadapan langsung dan bisa dilakukan dirumah masing-masing. Dengan kemudahan inilah perlu adanya aturan syariat yang mengatur hukum fintech. Tujuan penelitian ini memberikan gambaran terhadap bagaimana hukum fintech dari sudut pandang fiqih, sehingga masyarakat bisa menganalisa apakah akan menggunakan fintech atau menggunakan keuangan tradisional. Hasil dari penelitian ini peneliti menemukan unsur yang ada pada fintech berupa jual beli offline atau online, sistem menabung atau isi saldo, MLM dan pinjam meminjam. Dari semua pendapat empat mahzab ditemukan perbedaan antara mahzab fiqih sesuai dengan alasan-alsannya. Namun pada dasarnya fintech diperbolehkan selama transaksinya tidak mengandung gharar dan riba.
THE INFLUENCE OF AGRICULTURAL SECTOR VARIABLES ON THE ECONOMIC GROWTH OF INDONESIA: AN ISLAMIC ECONOMIC PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Juansya Andri , Musthofa M. Wakhid , Desfitranita Desfitranita
Published: June 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan dampak sektor pertanian (tanaman perkebunan, peternakan, dan perikanan) terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi Indonesia menggunakan data time series yang diambil dari laporan Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS) dari tahun 2011-2022. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah pendekatan kuantitatif dengan model regresi linier berganda, dan uji asumsi klasik dilakukan sebelum analisis data. Analisis data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan aplikasi E-views versi 10. Adapun hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa tanaman perkebunan tidak berpengaruh signifikan dengan nilai probabilitasnya sebesar 0.5168 > 0,05. Sedangkan peternakan berpengaruh signifikan dengan nilai probabilitasnya sebesar 0,0222 < 0,05 dan perikanan berpengaruh signifikan dengan nilai probabilitasnya 0,003243 < 0,05. Lebih lanjut, hasil uji R 2 menunjukkan variabel Indenpenden dapan menjelaskan variabel dependen sebesar 77,77%.