bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Detection of Adulteration in Food Using Recurrent Neural Network with Internet of Things
Authors: Nagamalla Vishwesh , Kumar B. Muthu , Janu Neha , Preetham Anusha , Parambil Gangadharan Syam Machinathu , Alqahtani Mejdal A. , Ratna Rajnish
Published: June 2022

Food is an essential need for human survival. Throughout history, food has been recognised as a crucial need for people in order to maintain good health as well as to treat illness. As with all living things, it is one of the most basic necessities that man has as well as those of all other living creatures. In a recent publication, it was said that an extremely affordable, robust, and biocompatible impedance sensor that serves as a fractional-order element has been created and may be used to distinguish milk and tainted milk. A complete study on milk adulteration includes more than 160 academic articles on the topic. A comprehensive study on milk adulteration is available online. Specifically, the goal of this research is to discover various types of milk adulterants, different approaches for detecting each kind of adulterant, as well as the health hazards associated with milk product adulteration. In the proposed project, the fractional-order element would be investigated for its potential use in the detection of milk adulteration. With this fractional-order element-based impedance sensor, you can distinguish between different types of contaminated milk and different types of faking it, which is quite useful in the detection and differentiation of fake and real milk. According to the researchers, they have created a low-cost, user-friendly instrumentation system for detecting milk adulteration. They hope to commercialise it soon. An automated sensing system for the detection of synthetic milk, based on a microcontroller, has been created in order to reduce the reliance on specialised labour and to improve efficiency. In order to model the sensor, the dipole layer capacitance at the interface of the impedance sensor immersed in milk and the contaminated milk must be taken into account throughout the modelling process. In this study, an electrical equivalent circuit is built, and the correctness of the circuit is shown by both theoretical and experimental investigation. The detection of milk adulteration is classified with the use of Recurrent Neural Networks, and the status is updated in the cloud server with the help of the Internet of Things and Recurrent Neural Networks. It is estimated that the proposed work will have an accuracy rate of 92.31 percent, a sensitivity rate of 75.23 percent, and a specificity rate of 90.12 percent, all of which are higher than the present rate.
The Construction and Effect Analysis of Nursing Safety Quality Management Based on Data Mining
Authors: Yang Yimei , Deng YanHong , Zhang Haimei
Published: June 2022

Data mining belongs to knowledge discovery, which is the process of revealing hidden, unknown, and valuable information from a large amount of fuzzy application data. The potential information revealed by data mining can help decision-makers adjust market strategies and reduce market risks. The information mined can be the discovery of a particular study and little known, which must be based on the principle of truth. Nursing safety means that during nursing work, the nursing staff must strictly follow the nursing system and operating procedures, accurately execute doctor’s orders, implement nursing plans, and ensure that patients get physical and mental safety during treatment and recovery. This paper aims to explore the construction of nursing safety quality management system and its effect analysis based on data mining. It is hoped that improvements in hospital nursing processes will provide better nursing services for patients using data mining techniques. This paper uses the FP algorithm to mine the data set and generates frequent itemsets, proposes and implements the association rule mining algorithm, and obtains the association rules with practical reference value. This article analyzes the current status and existing problems of nursing management, and puts forward some problems existing in the current nursing management staff’s own quality, nursing quality system standards, and nursing management system. The experimental results in this article show that there are 42 cases of poor nursing due to lack of basic medical knowledge, accounting for 52%; there are 12 cases of poor nursing due to their own diseases, accounting for 15%; there were 7 cases of poor nursing due to lack of communication, accounting for 9%; there were 15 cases of poor nursing caused by unreasonable use of restraint devices, accounting for 19%. From these data, it can be seen that patients need to have basic medical knowledge and act in strict accordance with doctors’ orders. Family members also need to accompany the patients more and cooperate with all parties in order to maximize the effectiveness of care.
Identification of Crucial lncRNAs for Luminal A Breast Cancer through RNA Sequencing
Authors: Jia Xinjian , Lei Hai , Jiang Xuemei , Yi Ying , Luo Xue , Li Junyan , Chen Yu , Liu Sha , Yang Chengcheng
Published: June 2022

Background. The growing body of evidence indicates aberrant expression of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in breast cancer. Nevertheless, a few studies have focused on identifying key lncRNAs for patients with luminal A breast cancer. In our study, we tried to find key lncRNAs and mRNAs in luminal A breast cancer. Methods. RNA sequencing was performed to identify differentially expressed mRNAs (DEmRNAs) and differentially expressed lncRNAs (DElncRNAs) in luminal A breast cancer. The protein-protein interaction (PPI), DElncRNA-DEmRNA coexpression, DElncRNA-nearby DEmRNA interaction networks, and functional annotation were performed to uncover the function of DEmRNAs. Online databases were used to validate the RNA sequencing result. The diagnostic value of candidate mRNAs was evaluated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. Results. A total number of 1451 DEmRNAs and 272 DElncRNAs were identified. Several hub proteins were identified in the PPI network, including TUBB3, HIST2H3C, MCM2, MYOC, NEK2, LIPE, FN1, FOXJ1, S100A7, and DLK1. In the DElncRNA-DEmRNA coexpression, some hub lncRNAs were identified, including AP001528.2, LINC00968, LINC02202, TRHDE-AS1, LINC01140, AL354707.1, AC097534.1, MIR222HG, and AL662844.4. The mRNA expression result of TFF1, COL10A1, LEP, PLIN1, PGM5-AS1, and TRHDE-AD1 in the GSE98793 was consistent with the RNA sequencing result. The protein expression results of TUBB3, MCM2, MYOC, FN1, S100A7, and TFF1 were consistent with the mRNA expression result COL10A1, LEP, PLIN1, PGM5-AS1, and TRHDE-AD1 were capable of discriminating luminal A breast cancer and normal controls. Four lncRNA-nearby and coexpressed mRNA pairs of HOXC-AS3-HOXC10, AC020907.2-FXYD1, AC026461.1-MT1X, and AC132217.1-IGF2 were identified. AMPK (involved LIPE and LEP) and PPAR (involved PLIN1) were two significantly enriched pathways in luminal A breast cancer. Conclusion. This study could be helpful in unraveling the pathogenesis and providing novel therapeutic strategies for luminal A breast cancer.
Cellular Immunity of Patients with Tuberculosis Combined with Diabetes
Authors: Cheng Peng , Wang Liang , Gong Wenping
Published: June 2022

Tuberculosis (TB) is one of humanity’s three major infectious diseases. Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disease characterized by hyperglycemia due to impaired insulin secretion or impaired insulin function. It has been reported that DM is a primary risk factor for TB disease. Given the increasing public health threat to people’s health, more and more studies have focused on diabetes complicated by TB. Hyperglycemia can affect the function of human immune cells, promote primary infections and reactivation of TB, and increase the susceptibility and severity of TB. However, the immunological mechanism behind it is still not clear. By reviewing the related articles on tuberculosis complicated with diabetes published in recent years, this paper expounds on the effect of hyperglycemia on innate immunity and adaptive immunity of patients with TB. This review provides new insights for elucidating the immunological mechanism of TB complicated with DM and lays the foundation for finding potential targets for preventing and treating TB combined with DM.
Potential Assessment and Performance Evaluation of a Floating Solar Photovoltaic on the Great Ethiopian Renaissance Dam
Authors: Getie Elias Mandefro , Jember Yosef Berhan
Published: June 2022

The demand for electricity has increased rapidly in Ethiopia. Renewable energy sources such as solar PV are being used to respond to the power demand and cover a small percentage of the country’s energy need. However, in Ethiopia, where the majority of the land is utilized for agriculture, the land required to generate solar PV power in a large scale is a significant barrier. Big dams, such as Great Ethiopia’s Renaissance Dam, can be used for a solar floating system to eliminate the need for land and transmission infrastructure. Due to its wider area covered by the reservoir, which is about 1,874,000,000 m2, the potential of the renaissance dam needs to be investigated for solar PV floating installation to meet the electricity demand in residential, commercial, and industrial sectors in Ethiopia. In addition, the cooling action of the water on the PV floating allows it to keep its efficiency and increase the power output from the panels. In this study, the performance of grid-connected floating PV systems was evaluated in terms of power generation potential, performance ratio, capacity utilization factor, greenhouse gas emissions, and water conservation. The power consumption of peoples living in the GERD generation site is nearly 1 MW. Though they get electricity through the grid, this study considers performance assessment of a 1 MW solar FPV with the intention of covering the energy need of the hydropower station itself and near rural communities. Modeling and simulation of the proposed FPV plant is done with the help of PVsyst software tool. Finally, the analysis reveals that the GERD has the FPV capability to generate 18,740 MW of maximum power, and its performance was assessed for a 1 MW grid-connected FPV system. The benefits of employing FPV in energy production, water conservation, CO2 emission reduction, and economic benefit are demonstrated in this study. Furthermore, the installation of 1 MW FPV saves 54.4 million liters of GERD water from evaporation per year, which benefits the Blue Nile’s downstream countries to conserve their share of water.
Antimicrobial Activities Along With Spectrophotometric Assessment of Stability Constants of Copper (II) and Cobalt (II) With 1,2-Bis(2,5-dimethoxybenzylidene) Hydrazine
Authors: Fatima Rida , Nadeem Sohail , Javed Mohsin , Iqbal Shahid , Alsaab Hashem O. , Awwad Nasser S. , Ibrahium Hala A. , Elkaeed Eslam B. , Alzhrani Rami M. , Alshehri Sameer , Ali H. Elhosiny , Mohyuddin Ayesha , Shaheen Nusrat
Published: June 2022

The stability constants of 1,2-bis(2,5-dimethoxybenzylidene) hydrazine (DMBH) were determined using the modified Job’s method with the addition of the UV-Vis approach using salts of copper (II) (chloride and acetate) and salts of cobalt (II) (chloride and nitrate). Copper (II) chloride with a ligand at 1L:2M (stoichiometric ratio) was discovered to have a higher stability constant log value (6.995) than other metal salts. The stability constant log value (5.811) for cobalt (II) nitrate at 1L:2M (stoichiometric ratio) was found to be less stable than the other stability constants evaluated. Antimicrobial properties of the ligand were tested against Entamoeba coli, Candida albicans, and Staphylococcus aureus. The ligand was found to be effective against these strains, with positive results.
An Effective Charger for Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicles (PHEV) with an Enhanced PFC Rectifier and ZVS-ZCS DC/DC High-Frequency Converter
Authors: Kanimozhi G. , Natrayan L. , Angalaeswari S. , Paramasivam Prabhu
Published: June 2022

A plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEV) charger adapter consists of an AC/DC power factor correction (PFC) circuit accompanied by a full-bridge isolated DC/DC converter. This paper introduces an efficient two-stage charger topology with an improved PFC rectifier as front-end and a high-frequency zero voltage switching (ZVS). Current switching (ZCS) DC/DC converter is the second part. The front-end converter is chosen as bridgeless interleaved (BLIL) boost converter, as it provides the advantages like lessened input current ripple, capacitor voltage ripple, and electromagnetic interference. Resettable integrator (RI) control technique is employed for PFC and DC voltage regulation. The controller achieves nonlinear switching converter control and makes it more resilient with the faster transient response and input noise rejection. The second stage incorporates a resonant circuit, which helps in achieving ZVS/ZCS for inverter switches and rectifier diodes. PI controller with phase shift modulator is used for second-stage converter. It improves the overall efficacy of the charger by lowering the switching losses, lowering the voltage stress on the power semiconductor devices, and reversing recovery losses of the diodes. The simulations and experimental results infer that the overall charging efficiency increases to 96.5%, which is 3% higher than the conventional two-stage approach using the interleaved converter.
Multimedia Application and Network Architecture Design Based on Multiterminal Collaboration
Authors: Wu Lian , Han Lee Jong
Published: June 2022

In the rapid development of network technology, most users can simultaneously or alternately use multiple communication terminals. At this time, how to build a control platform of integrated network to help users manage multiple terminals has become the focus of mobile network technology research and development. On the basis of understanding the design content of the network control platform and according to the three types of network selection algorithm, this paper analyzes how to build the architecture of the multiterminal collaborative network control platform based on the open source Mobicents design and conducts test research on its system implementation.
Application of Digital Twin Combined with Artificial Intelligence and 5G Technology in the Art Design of Digital Museums
Authors: Zhao Jing , Guo Lei , Li Yueqiao
Published: June 2022

More and more museums are being established or restored as people’s cultural levels grow. A digital twin is a computerized representation of the physical object or phenomenon, which acts as its real-time digital equivalent. Artificial intelligence (AI) is becoming increasingly widespread, and museums and art shows will need to change their old working and thinking processes to fully fulfill their potential. In an increasingly digital world, combining AI technologies and wearable devices into digital museums could assist in boosting involvement. It is necessary to investigate AI’s strategic function and application in affecting tourist experiences at art galleries and museums, as well as its potential to improve education. Also, digital twin (DT) paves the way to alleviate difficulties or might improve access to digital museums via digital experiences. The historical report recommends that digital museum items be represented in a way that poses the fewest threats to its legitimacy. Owing to its uniqueness and vulnerability to substantial environmental dangers, the safeguarding of art and cultural heritage in digital museums is a serious issue. There are many approaches for assessing the state of artistic heritage and protecting it from extreme acts. The current study offers a framework for digitized museum art design based on the utilization of digital twin (DT), artificial intelligence (AI), and fifth-generation (5G) technologies. Further to enhance the security of the system, we employ the improved blowfish encryption algorithm (IBEA). Also, the authentication is done using the Diffie-Hellman protocol. The proposed system is simulated using MATLAB, and its performance is analyzed and compared with conventional systems. From the result obtained, it was revealed that the suggested methodology express high range of security level (95%) than the existing mechanisms. This study is very important in two directions: (1) it presents an analytical structure for having to adapt digital information to complicated systems in museums and (2) it explains the artistic obstacles for heritage properties, such as accessibility, execution time, security level, and the efficiency of 3-dimensional designs.
Landscaping Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Production Park Using Lightweight Deep Reinforcement Learning under Circular Symbiosis Concept
Authors: Cui Yiwen
Published: June 2022

The paper intends to optimize the landscape of the agricultural and animal husbandry (AG and AH) production park using the deep reinforcement learning (DRL) model under circular symbiosis. Therefore, after reviewing the relevant literature, decision tree evolutionary algorithm, and ensemble learning criteria, this paper studies and constructs the circular symbiotic industrial chain. Then, an experiment of landscaping the park and optimizing the production is made with full consideration of practical institutions. Finally, the numerical results show that the yield of several crops has been significantly improved after the landscape optimization by the proposed DRL model. Remarkably, the increase in rice yield is the most prominent. The yield of rice and wheat was about 12 kg before optimization and 18 kg after DRL model optimization, which has increased by 6 kg. This research has important reference value for improving the output efficiency of AG and AH products.
Music Art Teaching Quality Evaluation System Based on Convolutional Neural Network
Authors: Xu Fumei , Xia Yu
Published: June 2022

With the rapid growth of music and art education in colleges and universities today, the development of associated teaching quality assessment (TQE) is still in its infancy. In truth, most modern music and art education has yet to build a rigorous and appropriate evaluation system based on actual classroom teaching quality. Simply adopting classroom TQE indicators and approaches from other disciplines would unavoidably lead to formalization of music TQE findings in some schools and institutions. It has no bearing on evaluation, feedback, or advancement. Therefore, this paper uses the superior performance of neural network to solve nonlinear problems and constructs a music art TQE method based on convolutional neural network (CNN). The completed work is as follows: (1) The basic situation of domestic and foreign research on music art TQE is introduced. Several commonly used TQE methods at home and abroad are analyzed, and the CNN evaluation method is comprehensively introduced. (2) The principle and network structure of CNN are expounded, and a TQE system conforming to music art is constructed. (3) The final experimental results reveal that the CNN model has higher accuracy and better performance than the BP neural network when using the trained CNN, TQE model to conduct tests.
Application of Digital Technology to the Construction of the Fashion Design System under Mass Customization Mode
Authors: Meng Xiaoyu
Published: June 2022

The study aims to improve the efficiency of clothing production and make the clothing design diversified and flexible. First, the design under the mass customization mode (MCM) based on digital technology (DT) is studied. Second, the development direction of clothing production under MCM is discussed through the analysis of the current situation of clothing production. Finally, the prospect of clothing design and production under MCM is predicted. The results show that the application of DT to clothing design under MCM can make the style change flexibly in the design as needed and effectively improve the efficiency of clothing production. With the help of DT, manufacturing enterprises will increase their investment in clothing production under MCM in the next 5 years, and the consumption rate of consumers for the clothes under MCM will also increase sharply. And the profit made under the mode will be four times as that of the previous. This study provides a reference for the development of MCM and helps understand the MCM further. Finally, the simulation results of clothing design show that the clothing designed following DT is faster, more flexible, and diversified, and DT dominates the production scale of clothing production.
Biejiajian Pill Ameliorates Diabetes-Associated Atherosclerosis through Inhibition of the NLRP3 Inflammasome
Authors: Fu Yu , Yuan Jiayao , Sang Feng , Shao Mingyi , Yan Shuxun , Li Leilei , Zhu Rong , Wang Zhongrui
Published: June 2022

Objective. To research the efficacy of Biejiajian pill (BJJ) on diabetes-associated atherosclerosis and explore its subsequent mechanisms. Methods. Diabetes-associated atherosclerosis (AS) was established in apolipoprotein E knockout (ApoE−/−) mice using high-fat diet and streptozotocin. Atorvastatin (ATV, 10 mg/kg/day) or BJJ-L (BJJ low-dose, 0.9 g/kg/day), BJJ-M (BJJ medium-dose, 1.8 g/kg/day), and BJJ-H (BJJ high-dose, 3.6 g/kg/day) were administered to diabetic ApoE−/− mice for 12 continuous weeks. The normal control group consisted of 10 male C57BL/6J mice. Atherosclerosis plaques, vascular endothelial function, fasting blood glucose, lipid metabolism, inflammatory factors, NLRP3 inflammasome expression, and mitochondria and autophagy changes were evaluated. Results. The atherosclerotic lesions areas in the aortas were analyzed through Oil Red O and H&E staining, and they were reduced in the BJJ-H and BJJ-M groups. In the BJJ group, endothelin-1 (ET-1) levels were decreased, whereas endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) was increased. Fasting blood glucose levels in the BJJ and ATV groups were gradually decreased. Lipid metabolism parameters such as TG, TC, and LDL-C were reduced, while HDL-C was elevated in BJJ groups. The serum IL-1β and IL-18 were decreased under BJJ therapy. The aortic mRNA and protein expressions of NF-κB, TXNIP, NLRP3, ASC, caspase-1, and IL-1β were inhibited in BJJ-H and BJJ-M groups, especially in the BJJ-H group. Electron microscopy revealed an increase in autophagy in each treatment group. Conclusions. The findings reveal that BJJ could alleviate diabetic atherosclerosis in diabetic ApoE−/− mice by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome.
Analysis of Network Slicing for Management of 5G Networks Using Machine Learning Techniques
Authors: Singh Randeep , Mehbodniya Abolfazl , Webber Julian L. , Dadheech Pankaj , Pavithra G. , Alzaidi Mohammed S. , Akwafo Reynah
Published: June 2022

Consumer expectations and demands for quality of service (QoS) from network service providers have risen as a result of the proliferation of devices, applications, and services. An exceptional study is being conducted by network design and optimization experts. But despite this, the constantly changing network environment continues to provide new issues that today’s networks must be dealt with effectively. Increased capacity and coverage are achieved by joining existing networks. Mobility management, according to the researchers, is now being investigated in order to make the previous paradigm more flexible, user-centered, and service-centric. Additionally, 5G networks provide higher availability, extremely high capacity, increased stability, and improved connection, in addition to quicker speeds and less latency. In addition to being able to fulfil stringent application requirements, the network infrastructure must be more dynamic and adaptive than ever before. Network slicing may be able to meet the present stringent application requirements for network design, if done correctly. The current study makes use of sophisticated fuzzy logic to create algorithms for mobility and traffic management that are as flexible as possible while yet maintaining high performance. Ultimately, the purpose of this research is to improve the quality of service provided by current mobility management systems while also optimizing the use of available network resources. Building SDN (Software-Defined Networking) and NFV (Network Function Virtualization) technologies is essential. Network slicing is an architectural framework for 5G networks that is intended to accommodate a variety of different networks. In order to fully meet the needs of various use cases on the network, network slicing is becoming more important due to the increasing demand for data rates, bandwidth capacity, and low latency.
[Retracted] Levels and Significance of Tumor Markers and Cytokines in Serum and Peritoneal Lavage Fluid of Patients with Peritoneal Metastasis of Gastric Cancer
Authors: Yang Jianqi , Cao Wenmiao , Xing Enming
Published: June 2022

The paper is written to investigate the levels and significance of tumor markers [carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), carbohydrate antigen 125 (CA125), and carbohydrate antigen 19‐9 (CA19‐9)] and cytokines [interleukin‐6 (IL‐6), IL‐4, and IL‐2] in serum and peritoneal lavage fluid of patients with peritoneal metastasis of gastric cancer. For this research, 145 patients with gastric cancer treated in our hospital were divided into peritoneal metastasis group (n = 25), other metastasis group (n = 32), and nonmetastasis group (n = 88) according to the occurrence of metastasis. At the same time, the levels of serum tumor markers and cytokines and tumor markers and cytokines in intraoperative peritoneal lavage fluid were compared among the three groups. The results showed that the proportion of TNM stage III in peritoneal metastasis group and other metastasis group was 68.00% and 62.50%, respectively, and the proportion of tumor >5 cm was 64.00% and 59.38%, respectively, which was significantly higher than that in the control group. The 1‐year survival rate of peritoneal metastasis group and other metastasis group was 44.00% and 40.63%, respectively, which was significantly lower than that of nonmetastasis group (P < 0.05).The serum levels of CEA, CA125, CA19‐9, IL‐6, IL‐4, and IL‐2 in peritoneal metastasis group and other metastasis group were higher than those in nonmetastasis group. The intraoperative peritoneal lavage fluid CEA, CA125, and IL‐6 were 13.41 ± 3.72 ng/ml, 8.97 ± 1.33 U/ml, and 1.85 ± 0.44 pg/ml, respectively, which were higher than those in other metastasis groups and nonmetastasis groups (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the levels of CA19‐9, IL‐4, and IL‐2 in peritoneal lavage fluid among peritoneal metastasis group, other metastasis groups, and nonmetastasis groups (P > 0.05); the areas under the ROC curve of intraoperative peritoneal lavage fluid CEA, CA125, and IL‐6 in predicting peritoneal metastasis were 0.850, 0.902, and 0.806, respectively, P < 0.05. Thus, the conclusion is that peritoneal lavage fluid CEA, CA125, and IL‐6 have certain application value in predicting and diagnosing peritoneal metastasis of gastric cancer, while the other indexes have no application value.
Epigenetic Regulation to Enhance Graft-versus-Leukemia Activity
Authors: Köhler Natalie , Zeiser Robert
Published: June 2022

Accumulating evidence supports that loss of HLA expression contributes to relapse after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HCT), but the mechanisms behind this evasion strategy are unclear. The groups of Luca Vago and Raffaella Di Micco identified the polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) as a key epigenetic driver of immune escape after allo-HCT by reducing the chromatin accessibility of HLA class II molecules, which could be targeted by pharmacologic inhibition of PRC2 subunits.

See related article by Gambacorta et al., p. 1449 (10).
Perspectives on the Risk-Stratified Treatment of Multiple Myeloma
Authors: Davies Faith E. , Pawlyn Charlotte , Usmani Saad Z. , San-Miguel Jesus F. , Einsele Hermann , Boyle Eileen M. , Corre Jill , Auclair Daniel , Cho Hearn Jay , Lonial Sagar , Sonneveld Pieter , Stewart A. Keith , Bergsagel P. Leif , Kaiser Martin F. , Weisel Katja , Keats Jonathan J. , Mikhael Joseph R. , Morgan Kathryn E. , Ghobrial Irene M. , Orlowski Robert Z. , Landgren C. Ola , Gay Francesca , Caers Joseph , Chng Wee Joo , Chari Ajai , Walker Brian A. , Kumar Shaji K. , Costa Luciano J. , Anderson Kenneth C. , Morgan Gareth J.
Published: June 2022

The multiple myeloma treatment landscape has changed dramatically. This change, paralleled by an increase in scientific knowledge, has resulted in significant improvement in survival. However, heterogeneity remains in clinical outcomes, with a proportion of patients not benefiting from current approaches and continuing to have a poor prognosis. A significant proportion of the variability in outcome can be predicted on the basis of clinical and biochemical parameters and tumor-acquired genetic variants, allowing for risk stratification and a more personalized approach to therapy. This article discusses the principles that can enable the rational and effective development of therapeutic approaches for high-risk multiple myeloma.
Cross-Sectional Analysis of Risk Factors for Outbreak of COVID-19 in Nursing Homes for Older Adults in the Community of Madrid
Authors: San Román Jesús , Candel Francisco J. , del Mar Carretero María , Sanz Juan Carlos , Pérez-Abeledo Marta , Barreiro Pablo , Viñuela-Prieto José Manuel , Ramos Belén , Canora Jesús , Barba Raquel , Zapatero Antonio , Martínez-Peromingo Francisco Javier ,   on behalf of the investigators of the SeroSOS study
Published: June 2022

Introduction: Nursing homes for older adults have been hot spots for SARS-CoV-2 infections and mortality. Factors that facilitate COVID-19 outbreaks in these settings need to be assessed. Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study of a cohort of residents and workers in nursing homes taking occasion of a point seroprevalence survey was done in the Community of Madrid. Factors related to outbreaks in these facilities were analyzed. Results: A total of 369 nursing homes for older adults, making a population of 23,756 residents and 20,795 staff members, were followed from July to December 2020. There were 54.2% SARS-CoV-2 IgG+ results in residents and in 32.2% of workers. Sixty-two nursing homes (16.8%) had an outbreak during the follow-up. Nursing homes with outbreaks had more residents than those without (median number of 81 [IQR, 74] vs. 50 [IQR, 56], p < 0.001). Seropositivity for SARS-CoV-2 was lower in facilities with versus without outbreaks, for residents (42.2% [IQR, 55.7] vs. 58.7% [IQR, 43.4], p = 0.002) and for workers (23.9% [IQR, 26.4] vs. 32.8% [IQR, 26.3], p = 0.01). For both residents and staff, the number of infections in outbreaks was larger in centers with lower, as compared with intermediate or high seroprevalence. The size of the facility did not correlate with the number of cases in the outbreak. Taking the incidence of cases in the community as a time-dependent variable (p = 0.03), a Cox analysis (HR [95% CI], p) showed that intermediate or high seroprevalence among residents in the facility was related to a reduction of 55% (0.45 [0.25–0.80], p = 0.007) and 78% (0.22 [0.10–0.48], p < 0.001) in the risk of outbreaks, respectively, as compared with low sero­prevalence. Also, as compared with smaller, medium (1.91 [1.00–3.65], p = 0.05) or large centers (4.57 [2.38–8.75], p < 0.001) had more respective risk of outbreaks. Conclusions: The size of the facility and the seroprevalence among residents in nursing homes, and the incidence of infections in the community, are associated with the risk of outbreaks of COVID-19. Facilities with greater proportion of seropositives had smaller number of cases. Monitoring of immunity in nursing homes may help detect those at a greater risk of future cases.
Nomenclatural notes on the Mediterranean firs (Abies, Pinaceae)
Authors: FERRER-GALLEGO P. PABLO , LAGUNA EMILIO , FERRER-GALLEGO RAÚL
Published: June 2022

The original material of Abies alba, A. marocana, A. numidica, A. pinsapo, A. pinsapo var. baborensis, and A. tazaotana (Pinaceae) is discussed. The names A. marocana and A. pinsapo var. baborensis are lectotypified using specimens from MPU and K respectively. The names A. numidica and A. marocana var. tazaotana are neotypified from specimens preserved at P and SEV respectively.
Nomenclatural notes on the economically important Flaming Katy, Kalanchoe blossfeldiana (Crassulaceae subfam. Kalanchooideae)
Authors: SMITH GIDEON F. , FIGUEIREDO ESTRELA
Published: June 2022

As part of a review of the names applied to economically important species of Kalanchoe (Crassulaceae subfam. Kalanchooideae), the nomenclature and typification of the name Kalanchoe blossfeldiana are reviewed. The type of this species name is clarified in a second-step lectotypification. The selection of desirable hybrids and cultivars based on K. blossfeldiana, and of hybrids and cultivars of which it is a parent, has developed into a global horticultural industry.
The Evolving Role of Humans in Weather Prediction and Communication
Authors: Stuart Neil A. , Hartfield Gail , Schultz David M. , Wilson Katie , West Gregory , Hoffman Robert , Lackmann Gary , Brooks Harold , Roebber Paul , Bals-Elsholz Teresa , Obermeier Holly , Judt Falko , Market Patrick , Nietfeld Daniel , Telfeyan Bruce , DePodwin Dan , Fries Jeffrey , Abrams Elliot , Shields Jerry
Published: June 2022

A series of webinars and panel discussions were conducted on the topic of the evolving role of humans in weather prediction and communication, in recognition of the 100th anniversary of the founding of the AMS. One main theme that arose was the inevitability that new tools using artificial intelligence will improve data analysis, forecasting, and communication. We discussed what tools are being created, how they are being created, and how the tools will potentially affect various duties for operational meteorologists in multiple sectors of the profession. Even as artificial intelligence increases automation, humans will remain a vital part of the forecast process as that process changes over time. Additionally, both university training and professional development must be revised to accommodate the evolving forecasting process, including addressing the need for computing and data skills (including artificial intelligence and visualization), probabilistic and ensemble forecasting, decision support, and communication skills. These changing skill sets necessitate that both the U.S. Government’s Meteorologist General Schedule 1340 requirements and the AMS standards for a bachelor’s degree need to be revised. Seven recommendations are presented for student and forecaster preparation and career planning, highlighting the need for students and operational meteorologists to be flexible lifelong learners, acquire new skills, and be engaged in the changes to forecast technology in order to best serve the user community throughout their careers. The article closes with our vision for the ways that humans can maintain an essential role in weather prediction and communication, highlighting the interdependent relationship between computers and humans.
The Influence of Shear on Deep Convection Initiation. Part I: Theory
Authors: Peters John M. , Morrison Hugh , Nelson T. Connor , Marquis James N. , Mulholland Jake P. , Nowotarski Christopher J.
Published: June 2022

This article introduces a novel hypothesis for the role of vertical wind shear (“shear”) in deep convection initiation (DCI). In this hypothesis, initial moist updrafts that exceed a width and shear threshold will “root” within a progressively deeper steering current with time, increase their low-level cloud-relative flow and inflow, widen, and subsequently reduce their susceptibility to entrainment-driven dilution, evolving toward a quasi-steady self-sustaining state. In contrast, initial updrafts that do not exceed the aforementioned thresholds experience suppressed growth by shear-induced downward pressure gradient accelerations, will not root in a deep-enough steering current to increase their inflow, will narrow with time, and will succumb to entrainment-driven dilution. In the latter case, an externally driven lifting mechanism is required to sustain deep convection, and deep convection will not persist in the absence of such lifting mechanism. A theoretical model is developed from the equations of motion to further explore this hypothesis. The model indicates that shear generally suppresses DCI, raising the initial subcloud updraft width that is necessary for it to occur. However, there is a pronounced bifurcation in updraft growth in the model after the onset of convection. Sufficiently wide initial updrafts grow and eventually achieve a steady state. In contrast, insufficiently wide initial updrafts shrink with time and eventually decay completely without external support. A sharp initial updraft radius threshold discriminates between these two outcomes. Thus, consistent with our hypothesis and observations, shear inhibits DCI in some situations, but facilitates it in others.
Exploring Optimal Objective Function Weightings to Predict Lifting Postures Under Unfatigued and Fatigued States
Authors: Davidson Justin B. , Cashaback Joshua G. A. , Fischer Steven L.
Published: June 2022

Objective

To explore whether the optimal objective function weightings change when using a digital human model (DHM) to predict origin and destination lifting postures under unfatigued and fatigued states.

Background

The ability to predict human postures can depend on state-based influences (e.g., fatigue). Altering objective function weightings within a predictive DHM could improve the ability to predict tasks specific lifting postures under unique fatigue states.

Method

A multi-objective optimization-based DHM was used to predict origin and destination lifting postures for ten anthropometrically scaled avatars by using different objective functions weighting combinations. Predicted and measured postures were compared to determine the root mean squared error. A response surface methodology was used to identify the optimal objective function weightings, which was found by generating the posture that minimized error between measured and predicted lifting postures. The resultant weightings were compared to determine if the optimal objective function weightings changed for different lifting postures or fatigue states.

Results

Discomfort and total joint torque weightings were affected by posture (origin/destination) and fatigue state (unfatigued/fatigued); however, post-hoc differences between fatigue states and lifting postures were not sufficiently large to be detected. Weighting the discomfort objective function alone tended to predict postures that generalized well to both postures and fatigue states.

Conclusion

Lift postures were optimal predicted using the minimization of discomfort objective function regardless of fatigue state.

Application

Weighting the discomfort objective can predict unfatigued postures, but more research is needed to understand the optimal objective function weightings to predict postures during a fatigued state.
Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on patients with mental health problems and the differences among diagnostic categories
Authors: Mashima Yuki , Koizumi Teruki , Minegishi Shunta , Miyakoshi Megumi , Okada Mai , Ogyu Kamiyu , Kusudo Keisuke , Kiyohara Masataka , Kitada Shinobu , Koyanagi Kazuhiro , Suzuki Hisaomi , Nozaki Shoko , Oda Akihiko , Hirai Shinji , Nakane Jun , Onaya Mitsumoto , Oda Tatsuro , Koreki Akihiro
Published: June 2022

Background:

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has resulted in a total upending of our daily lives. While anxiety and depression were frequently reported among the general population, the pandemic’s impact on patients with mental health problems remains unknown.

Methods:

A cross-sectional questionnaire survey involving 1,166 patients was conducted at one psychiatric hospital and one mental health clinic.

Results:

Symptom deterioration was reported in 23% to 34% of the patients and 9% to 20% reported increase in drug dosage. No significant differences were reported in these items among diagnostic categories. Patients with F3 (mood disorders) reported more psychological stress during the pandemic’s beginning and during the emergency. Patients with F2 (schizophrenia, schizotypal, and delusional disorders) did online shopping and meetings less frequently, and reported poorer adherence of 3C’s, while mask management was stricter in patients with F4 (neurotic, stress-related, and somatoform disorders). Symptom deterioration was significantly associated with increase in drug dosage, new physical symptoms, anxiety unrelated to COVID-19, stress at the beginning of pandemic, stress during the ‘state of emergency’, poor adaptability to environmental change, daily life changes, decrease in sleeping time, and decrease in time spent outside.

Conclusion:

One third of patients reported symptom deterioration during the pandemic, which was associated with stress and daily life changes. Patients with good adaptability to environmental changes might resilient against symptom deterioration. Providing continuous support to help patients manage their daily life in this COVID-19 era may minimize the risk of symptom deterioration.
African strangers, spaces of belonging and the “democracy to come” in Helon Habila’s Travellers
Authors: López María J.
Published: June 2022

This article analyses Helon Habila’s Travellers (2019), focusing on its depiction of African migrants in Europe as strangers, as defined by Sara Ahmed in Strange Encounters (2000): those who, in spite of their proximity, are recognized as not belonging or out of place. Following Ahmed, this essay deals with the relation between space and migrant experience in Habila’s novel, in which the configuration of cities such as Berlin and London and of Europe as a whole is presented as characterized by the enforcement of boundaries and spaces of belonging (Ahmed, 2000), so that the African stranger emerges as an undesirable, threatening, foreign element to be feared and expelled. On the other hand, such a logic of defensiveness, homogeneity, and exclusion is partly challenged and undermined in Travellers by acts of resistance carried out by both African and European characters and by acts of domestic hospitality. These acts suggest the disruption of frontiers and borders, and their corresponding sealed and homogeneous spaces (Ahmed, 2000), together with the necessity of exercising hospitality at a collective and political level. As opposed to the configuration of Europe as Fortress Europe, in which identity and community are defined in terms of affiliation to roots, homeland, or race, in Travellers we find thus an appeal to what Jacques Derrida has called the “democracy to come”, a political, always deferred space of unconditional hospitality that opens up to the foreigner and the stranger.
Remote Acculturation and Physical Activity Among Adolescent-Mother Dyads in Jamaica: A Developmental Dyadic Moderation
Authors: Gillespie Sarah , Eales Lauren , Simpson Dalicia D. , Ferguson Gail M.
Published: June 2022

This study examined the associations between remote acculturation to European American culture of the United States (U.S.), and physical activity levels among Jamaican mother-adolescent dyads. Remote acculturation, a modern type of globalization-facilitated acculturation to a distant non-native culture, is a demonstrated risk factor for some health outcomes, but the association with physical activity has not previously been examined. Mothers and adolescents ( N = 660; 330 dyads) were recruited from schools in Kingston, Jamaica. Actor-Partner Interdependence Moderation Models tested hypotheses about actor and partner effects of U.S. cultural orientation on moderate and vigorous physical activity (MVPA), and the moderation of these effects by developmental stage, socioeconomic status (SES), and gender. We observed a contrast pattern of moderation consistent with increased autonomy granting across adolescence, such that the signs (positive/negative) of the actor and partner effects depended on adolescent developmental stage. The actor effect of adolescents’ U.S. orientation on their own MVPA was negative for early adolescents (unexpected) and positive for mid-adolescents (expected); by contrast, the partner effect of mother’s U.S. orientation on adolescents’ MVPA was positive for early adolescents (expected) and negative for mid-adolescents (unexpected). SES and gender did not moderate the associations. This study contributes to an emerging body of literature on the health correlates of remote acculturation. Our results suggest that whether remote cultural orientation is a risk or protective factor varies based on the health domain in question, developmental stage, the remote culture, and the context.
Sex estimation from biometric face photos for forensic purposes
Authors: Sezgin Nurdan , Karadayi Beytullah
Published: June 2022

Sex estimation is an important parameter in cases where individuals need to be identified in forensic cases. Biometric photographs are a form of a passport photo with specific dimensions and features established by the International Civil Aviation Organization, which are read and digitally stored in appropriate devices, are used in travel documents, and are of high quality (at least 600 dpi). This study aims to reveal anthropometric data for estimating sex in Turkish adult population from facial images conforming to biometric photography criteria. Within the scope of this study, biometric facial images of a total of 334 participants, 146 female and 188 male, between the ages of 20 and 79 were used. The photos were taken using a Nikon D5100 and flat front lighting from a distance of 1 m. ImageJ 1.50i software was used to process these images. Statistical analysis was performed using descriptive statistics and discriminant analysis tests. Among the 11 variables on sex estimation, the highest accuracy rate of 78.1% was obtained with the measurement between Gonion points. However, sex estimation could be made with an accuracy of 80.5% by including all age groups and all variables, and when age-specific data were used, it was observed that these accuracy rates increased significantly in all three age groups (84.6%, 89.2%, 85.2%, respectively). Therefore, we are suggesting that using age-specific data generated for estimation in different age groups. Consequently, it has been shown that successful sex estimation can be done by formulas derived from biometric facial images in this study.
A simulation-based optimization approach for multi-objective runway operations scheduling
Authors: Soykan Bulent , Rabadi Ghaith
Published: June 2022

This paper proposes a simulation-based optimization (SbO) approach for multi-objective runway operations scheduling problem. The SbO approach utilizes a discrete-event simulation component to account for uncertain conditions, and an optimization component for finding the best-known Pareto set of solutions. This approach explicitly considers uncertainty to decrease the real operational cost of the runway operations as well as maximize fairness among aircraft as part of the optimization process. Due to the problem’s large, complex, and unstructured search space, a hybrid Tabu/Scatter Search algorithm is developed to find solutions using an elitist strategy to preserve non-dominated solutions, a dynamic update mechanism to produce high-quality solutions, and a rebuilding strategy to promote solution diversity. The proposed algorithm maximizes both objectives of runway utilization and fairness. Computational experiments are conducted using real-life data sets for a major US airport to demonstrate that the proposed approach is effective and computationally tractable in a practical sense.