bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Three-dimensional constructive interference in steady-state magnetic resonance imaging in obstructive hydrocephalus: relevance for endoscopic third ventriculostomy and clinical results
Authors: Kunz Mathias , Schulte-Altedorneburg Gernot , Uhl Eberhard , Schmid-Elsaesser Robert , Schöller Karsten , Zausinger Stefan
Published: October 2008

Object

Endoscopic third ventriculostomy is the treatment of choice in patients with obstructive hydrocephalus caused by aqueductal stenosis. The authors examined the clinical course and results of surgical treatment for obstructive hydrocephalus with pre- and postoperative refined constructive interference in steady-state (CISS) MR imaging.

Methods

Forty patients with obstructive hydrocephalus underwent pre- and postoperative 3D-CISS imaging and clinical evaluation. Radiological findings were correlated with intraoperative observations of the thickness and transparency of the floor of the third ventricle and the patient's postoperative clinical course.

Results

Three-dimensional CISS MR imaging provides precise visualization of the basilar/posterior cerebral artery, its distance to the clivus, the diameter of the foramen of Monro, and the extension of and thickness of the floor of the third ventricle. In 71% of patients a flow void was detectable postoperatively on the ventriculostomy. In this group 81.5% had strong and 14.8% moderate clinical benefit, and 3.7% required secondary shunt placement. In the remaining 29% of the patients without a visible flow void, strong improvement was seen in 54.5%, moderate improvement in 18.2%, and stoma failure occurred in 27.3% (p = 0.094). Radiological measurements of the thickness of the third ventricle floor correlated with intraoperative findings (r = 0.35, p = 0.029). Comparison of outcomes showed a statistically significant tendency for a better outcome in patients with thin and easily perforated third ventricle floors (p = 0.04).

Conclusions

Endoscopic ventriculostomy in patients with obstructive hydrocephalus is safe and mostly successful, and 3D-CISS MR imaging seems to be a valuable diagnostic method for precisely identifying the anatomy of relevant structures. Furthermore, 3D-CISS MR imaging allows judgment of the thickness of the third ventricle floor and display of the ventriculostomy/flow void, which are predictive for intraoperative course and clinical outcome.
Oculogyric crisis masquerading as ventriculoperitoneal shunt dysfunction
Authors: AlAzwary Nail H. , Muayqil Taim , Siddiqi Zaeem A. , Ahmed S. Nizam
Published: October 2008

Oculogyric crisis (OGC) is an underrecognized oculodystonic reaction associated with several medications including carbamazepine. The authors present a patient who had presented to the emergency department on multiple occasions with a questionable ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt dysfunction. Symptoms included nausea, vomiting, altered level of consciousness, ataxia, and vertical eye deviation. The patient underwent multiple revisions of the VP shunt with transient and questionable improvement. During her visit to the neurology clinic, OGC from carbamazepine was suspected, and the dose was reduced. The patient has been completely asymptomatic for the past 18 months. The authors report this case to increase the awareness of carbamazepine-induced OGC as one of the differential diagnoses for VP shunt dysfunction.
Intraoperative nerve action and compound motor action potential recordings in patients with obstetric brachial plexus lesions
Authors: Pondaag Willem , van der Veken Lieven P. A. J. , van Someren Paul J. , van Dijk J. Gert , Malessy Martijn J. A.
Published: October 2008

Object

A typical finding in supraclavicular exploration of infants with severe obstetric brachial plexus lesions (OBPLs) is a neuroma-in-continuity with the superior trunk and/or a root avulsion at C-5, C-6, or C-7. The operative strategy in these cases is determined by the intraoperative assessment of the severity of the lesion. Intraoperative nerve action potential (NAP) and evoked compound motor action potential (CMAP) recordings have been shown to be helpful diagnostic tools in adults, whereas their value in the intraoperative assessment of infants with OBPLs remains to be determined.

Methods

Intraoperative NAPs and CMAPs were systematically recorded from damaged and normal nerves of the upper brachial plexus in a consecutive series of 95 infants (mean age 175 days) with OBPLs. A total of 599 intraoperative NAP and 836 CMAP recordings were analyzed. The severity of the nerve lesions was graded as normal, axonotmesis, neurotmesis, or root avulsion, based on surgical, clinical, histological, and radiographic criteria.

Results

The correlation of NAP and CMAP recordings with the severity of the lesion was assessed. The specificity of an absent NAP or CMAP to predict a severe lesion (neurotmesis or avulsion) was > 0.9. However, the sensitivity of an absent NAP or CMAP for predicting a severe lesion was low (typically < 0.3). The severity of the nerve lesion was related to CMAP and NAP amplitudes. Cutoff points useful for intraoperative decision making could not be found to differentiate between lesion types in individual patients.

Conclusions

Intraoperative NAP and CMAP recordings do not assist in decision making in the surgical treatment of infants with OBPLs. The authors' findings in infants cannot be generalized to adults.
Failure to treat obstructive hydrocephalus with endoscopic third ventriculostomy in a patient with neurodegenerative Langerhans cell histiocytosis
Authors: Kershenovich Amir , Price Angela V. , Koral Korgun , Goldman Stan , Swift Dale M.
Published: October 2008

The second most frequent central nervous system involvement pattern in Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is a rare condition documented in a number of reports called “neurodegenerative LCH” (ND-LCH). Magnetic resonance images confirming the presence of the disease usually demonstrate striking symmetric bilateral hyperintensities predominantly in the cerebellum, basal ganglia, pons, and/or cerebral white matter. The authors here describe for the first time in the literature a patient with ND-LCH and concomitant hydrocephalus initially treated using endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV). This 9-year-old boy, who had undergone chemotherapy for skin and lung LCH without central nervous system involvement at the age of 10 months, presented with acute ataxia, headaches, and paraparesis and a 1-year history of gradually increasing clumsiness. Magnetic resonance images showed obstructive hydrocephalus at the level of the aqueduct of Sylvius and signs of ND-LCH. After registering high intracranial pressure (ICP) spikes with an intraparenchymal pressure monitor, an ETV was performed. A second ETV was required months later because of ostomy occlusion, and finally a ventriculoperitoneal shunt was placed because of ostomy reocclusion. Endoscopic third ventriculostomy was initially considered the treatment of choice to divert cerebrospinal fluid without leaving a ventriculoperitoneal shunt and to obtain biopsy specimens from the periinfundibular recess area. The third ventriculostomy occluded twice, and an endoscopic aqueduct fenestration was unsuccessful. The authors hypothesized that an inflammatory process related to late ND disease was responsible for the occlusions. Biopsy specimens from the infundibular recess and fornix column did not show histopathogical abnormalities. Increased ICP symptoms resolved with cerebrospinal fluid diversion. This case is the first instance of ND-LCH with hydrocephalus reported in the literature to date. Shunt placement rather than ETV seems to be the favorable choice in relieving elevated ICP.
Potential for head injuries in infants from low-height falls
Authors: Coats Brittany , Margulies Susan S.
Published: October 2008

Object

Falls are the most common accident scenario in young children as well as the most common history provided in child abuse cases. Understanding the biomechanics of falls provides clinicians with objective data to aid in their diagnosis of accidental or inflicted trauma. The objective of this study was to determine impact forces and angular accelerations associated with low-height falls in infants.

Methods

An instrumented anthropomorphic infant surrogate was created to measure the forces and 3D angular accelerations associated with falls from low heights (0.3–0.9 m) onto a mattress, carpet pad, or concrete.

Results

Although height significantly increased peak angular acceleration (αp), change in peak-to-peak angular velocity, time duration associated with the change in velocity, and peak impact force (Fp) for head-first drops onto a carpet pad or concrete, none of these variables were significantly affected by height when dropped onto a mattress. The αp was not significantly different for drops onto a carpet pad and concrete from 0.6 or 0.9 m due to compression of the carpet pad. Surprisingly, sagittal αp was equaled or surpassed by axial αp.

Conclusions

These are the first 3D angular acceleration and impact force data available for head impact in infants from low-height falls. A future study involving a computational model of the infant head will use the loads measured in this study to predict the probability of occipital skull fracture on impact from head-first low-height falls. Together, these studies will provide data that will aid clinicians in the evaluation of accidental and inflicted head injuries, and will contribute to the design of safer environments for children.
Neurenteric cyst with xanthomatous changes in the prepontine area: unusual radiological findings
Authors: Ko Byung-Soo , Jung Shin , Jung Tae-Young , Moon Kyung-Sub , Kim In-Young , Kang Sam-Suk
Published: October 2008

Preoperative diagnosis of neurenteric cysts can be difficult because the imaging findings of a neurenteric cyst may be similar to those of an arachnoid cyst. The authors report a case of a neurenteric cyst with xanthomatous changes in the prepontine area. This 4-year-old girl was admitted to their institution with intermittent neck pain and vomiting. Computed tomography showed a hypodense mass in the prepontine area. Magnetic resonance imaging showed a cystic lesion measuring ~ 4 × 3 cm. The brainstem was displaced posteriorly, and the cisterns in both cerebellopontine angles were widened. The signal intensity of the cyst was similar to that of cerebrospinal fluid. Adjacent to the basilar artery there was a solid component of the mass that enhanced after administration of Gd. Intraoperatively, the authors found a cystic mass containing clear fluid with a yellowish solid nodule. On the basis of histopathological findings, the lesion was diagnosed as a neurenteric cyst with xanthomatous changes.
Herpes simplex encephalitis after craniopharyngioma surgery
Authors: Kwon Ji-Woong , Cho Byung-Kyu , Kim Eui Chong , Wang Kyu-Chang , Kim Seung-Ki
Published: October 2008

A 13-year-old girl exhibited rapid deterioration in mental status 15 days after surgery for craniopharyngioma. Serial CT scanning detected progression of a low-density lesion on the left frontotemporal lobe. The serum level of C-reactive protein was elevated and polymerase chain reaction identified herpes simplex virus DNA in the cerebrospinal fluid. Antiviral therapy with high-dose acyclovir (10 mg/kg 3 times daily) was begun. She recovered and could speak short sentences, but dysphasia and right hemiparesis remained. Early diagnosis and active treatment of herpes simplex encephalitis is essential for improving prognosis and saving lives.
Avian Salmonella Infection: Isolation and Identification of Organisms and Histopathological Study
Authors: Hossain MS , Chowdhury EH , Islam MM , Haider MG , Hossain MM
Published: October 2008

The Present study was performed in the Department of Pathology, BAU, Mymensingh during the period from January to December 2004. The study was conducted to determine the occurrence and pathology of pullorum disease, fowl typhoid and salmonellosis (paratyphoid infection) in dead chickens at necropsy in Mymensingh district of Bangladesh. A total of 70 samples (liver, ovary and intestine) were collected for isolation of bacteria in different media, and identification was performed based on the staining, cultural and biochemical properties of Salmonella spp. Routine histopathological method was used for the detection of tissue level alterations in Salmonella infected cases. Grossly, in all the infected cases the liver was enlarged and congested and in few cases, liver discoloration with focal necrosis. Old raised hemorrhages in the caecal tonsil and congested deformed ova were other important findings. There was catarrhal inflammation in the intestine. Microscopically, the section of livers showed congestion, hemorrhages, focal necrosis with infiltration of mononuclear cells. The pulmonary lesions consisted of sero-fibrinous exudation with mononuclear cell infiltration. The intestinal mucosa exhibited congestion, hemorrhages and infiltration of plasma cells, heterophils and macrophages. Out of 70 samples, 8 isolates were identified as Salmonella (11.42 %). Of them, five isolates were identified as Salmonella gallinarum, causative agent of fowl typhoid, one isolate was characterized as Salmonella pullorum, causative agent of pullorum disease and other two motile salmonella were identified as paratyphoid infection. Keywords: Fowl typhoid, pullorum disease, paratyphoid, histopathology, isolation, identification doi:10.3329/bjvm.v4i1.1518 Bangl. J. Vet. Med. (2006). 4 (1): 07-12
Genotyping of Entamoeba histolytica by Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction with Sybr Green I and Melting Curve Analysis
Authors: Rahman SMM , Haque R , Roy S , Mondal MMH
Published: October 2008

In this study, for the detection of distinct genotype of E. histolytica of human, a nested Real-Time PCR amplification of SREHP gene using SYBR Green I and melting curve analysis was done. A total of 60 specimens (stool and liver aspirate specimens), which were found Entamoeba histolytica positive by E. histolytica specific ELISA and ssrRNA gene PCR, were selected and the experiment was conducted during the period of July 2003 to June 2004. After melting curve analysis of amplified PCR products from these isolates of stool and liver aspirate specimens, 5 genotypes were found belonging to the melting temperatures 84Â°C, 83Â°C, 82Â°C, 81Â°C and 79Â°C. All these 5 genotypes were present in intestinal amoebiasis patients and when the genotypes from intestinal amoebiasis patients were compared with the genotypes of amoebic liver amoebiasis patients, the genotype 84Â°C melting temperature was found to be absent in amoebic liver amoebiasis patients. For both the cases of intestinal and amoebic liver amoebiasis patients the genotype belonging to 83Â°C melting temperature was more prevalent than the other genotypes which suggest that this genotype is more responsible for the development of amoebiasis. In comparison to conventional PCR method where we found 23 different banding patterns, the Real-Time PCR and melting curve analysis method was found to be more reliable for the detection of distinct genotypes of E. histolytica because with this method we found only 5 genotypes. In conclusion, this Real-Time PCR using SYBR Green I and melting curve analysis for the genotyping of E. histolytica, excludes the need of post PCR manipulations and would be helpful for the rapid detection and screening of E. histolytica genotypes among endemic population and also for the epidemiological study. Key words: Entamoeba histolytica, genotype, diarrhoea, Real-Time PCR, melting curve analysis doi:10.3329/bjvm.v4i1.1526 Bangl. J. Vet. Med. (2006). 4 (1): 53-60
A Cross-Sectional Study on Production Performance of Stall Fed Dairy Cattle at Central Cattle Breeding Station (CCBS), Savar, Dhaka
Authors: Islam SKMA , Hoque MA , Alam MR , Hassan MM , Rahman MA
Published: October 2008

To evaluate milk production performance in stall feeding dairy cattle in relation to associated biological factors such as age of cow, age of first calving, breed and number of parity at Central Cattle Breeding Station, Savar, Dhaka, a cross sectional study was performed on April, 2002 using a structured questionnaire. Local (21%), pure bred "Sahiwal" (12%) and cross bred (LÃF1; LÃF2; LÃF3; SLÃF2>) (67%) were the breed of studied cows (n = 62). The average age and milk production of the cow was 94.9 months and 3.9 liter/cow/day. The parity number and age at first calving of a cow were recorded to be average 4 and 43 months respectively. The younger cows (â¤99 months) were 6.7 time more likely to have yielded >3 liters/cow/day than the older cows (>99 months) (p < 0.001). Cows with â¤4 parities were recorded to have 7.6 times more chance to produce milk of >3 liters/cow/day than cows with â¥4 parities (10.9%) (p < 0.001)). The milk production of >3 liters/cow/day is 39.3 times higher in the crossbred than the milk production in the local breed (p < 0.001). Keywords: Milk production, potential factors (age, age at first calving, breed, genotype and parity), dairy cattle Â doi:10.3329/bjvm.v4i1.1527 Bangl. J. Vet. Med. (2006). 4 (1): 61-63
Antinociceptive Effect of the Crude Ethanolic Extract of Crataeva nurvala. Buch. on Mice
Authors: Alam MA , Haque ME , Shilpi JA , Daulla KA
Published: October 2008

In order to scientifically appraise some of the anecdotal, folkloric, ethnomedical uses of (Bengali name - borun), the present study was undertaken to investigate the antinociceptive properties of the ethanolic extracts of Crataeva nurvala on mice in the Phytochemistry and Pharmacology Laboratory, Pharmacy Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna, during the period from December 2003 to February 2004. The antinociceptive effect of crude ethanolic extracts was evaluated by âacetic acid' analgesic test method in mice. Crude ethanolic extracts of Crataeva nurvala (250-500 mg/kg PO) produced dose-dependent, significant (p < 0.05-0.001) antinociceptive effect against chemically induced nociceptive pain stimuli in mice. The results obtained in this study suggest that the antinociceptive effect of the extracts of Crataeva nurvala are peripherally and centrally-mediated. The findings of this experimental animal study indicate that crude ethanolic extracts of Crataeva nurvala possesses antinociceptive properties and thus lend pharmacological support to folkloric, anecdotal uses of âborun' in the treatment and/or management of painful, arthritic inflammatory conditions. Key Words: Antinociceptive, Crataeva nurvala, diclofenac sodium, writhing Â doi:10.3329/bjvm.v4i1.1528 Bangl. J. Vet. Med. (2006). 4 (1): 65-68
Fumonisins, Trichothecenes and Zearalenone in Cereals
Authors: Yazar Selma , Omurtag Gülden  Z.
Published: October 2008

Fumonisins are phytotoxic mycotoxins which are synthesized by various species of the fungal genus Fusarium such as Fusarium verticillioides (Sacc.) Nirenberg (ex F.moniliforme Sheldon) and Fusarium proliferatum. The trichothecene (TC) mycotoxins are secondary metabolites produce by species that belong to several fungal genera, especially Fusarium, Stachybotrys, Trichothecium, Trichoderma, Memnoniella and Myrothecium. Fusarium mycotoxins are widely dispersed in cereals and their products. Zearalenone (ZEA) is an estrogenic compound produced by Fusarium spp. such as F. graminearum and F. culmorum. Fumonisins, the TCs and ZEA are hazardous for human and animal health. Contamination with TCs causes a number of illnesses in human and animal such as decrease in food consumption (anorexia), depression or inhibition on immune system function and haematoxicity. The purpose of this paper is to give a review of the papers published on the field of fumonisin, TC and ZEA mycotoxins in cereals consumed in the world.
On the status of Statice dianiae Pau (Plumbaginaceae)
Authors: Soler Jaume X. , Rosello Josep A.
Published: October 2008

An apomictic Limonium with a single pollen-stigma combination (B type), Limonium interjectum, is proposed as a new species to replace the invalid name Statice dianiae Pau. The new species has a restricted distribution on the sea costs of eastern Spain (Alicante Province). It shows a striking morphological similarity to L. virgatum (Willd.) Fourr. and L. girardianum (Guss.) Girard; on this basis it is suggested that L. interjectum is a hybrid derived from the two species.
Fruit losses and fruit removal in Olea europaea var. sylvestris Brot. (Oleaceae)
Authors: Alcántara Julio M. , Rey Pedro J. , Valera Francisco , Sánchez-Lafuente Alfonso M.
Published: October 2008

We analyzed several aspects of the reproductive biology of wild olive (Olea europaea var. sylvestris. Brot.) related to seed dispersal. The importance of several fruit fates (the way and condition in which fruits leave the tree) is considered in two different habitats, one of which was surveyed in two consecutive years. We distinguished the following fruit fates: (a) consumption by avian seed dispersers (fruit removal), (b) loss due to different biotic (e.g. birds and insects), abiotic (e.g. weather) and plant-controlled factors (e.g. abscission), and (c) fruits remaining on the tree by the end of the season. The ranking of importance of each fruit fate did not differ between habitats, and was similar among individual trees, although the net valúes of each fate were highly variable among trees. On the average, in the two habitats and seasons the plant investment in fruit crop yielded a low reward in terms of fruit removal success (between 16 and 33 % of the total fruit crop). This was attributable to different factors in the two habitats; in one of them, wild olive fruit crop satiated the scarce avian seed dispersers, whereas in the other, interspecific competition for avian seed dispersers with Phyllirea latifolia probably diminished wild olive removal success. Total fruit losses increased during the second season (from 8 to 40 % of the total fruit crop). However, it did not set a limit to the total amount of seeds being dispersed. Fruit losses were mainly caused by abiotic factors rather than by biotic ones. The percentage of fruits (both unripe and ripe) falling apparently healthy from the branches was higher than the percentage damaged by climatic factors (desiccated and frozen fruits). Among damaging biotic agents (pests and birds), the most frequent one was the larvae of the fly Dacus oleae, followed by birds (both dispersers that drop the fruit while handling and fruit predators) and, accounting for a negligible percentage, the larvae of the moth Prays oleae. By the end of the season, in both plots, a high percentage of the fruit crop remained on the trees (up to 75 % in the first year in one plot). This, together with the high variability between individuals in removal success, suggests a strong intraspecific competition for avian seed dispersers. In conclusion, although removal success in the studied populations was low, our results indicate an important role for dispersers in the success of the fruiting phase as part of the wild olive reproductive cycle.
Paleobotanical study of Holocene subfossil stroblii and wood at Cevico Navero (Palencia, Spain).
Authors: Roig Sonia , Gómez Manzaneque Fernando , Masedo Francisco , Morla Carlos , Sánchez Hernando Luis Javier
Published: October 2008

This paper reports results of work at the Cevico Navero site in Palencia, Spain. Macro- and microscopic study of the subfossil cones and trunks found at the site has permitted their identification to the species Pinus nigra. Radiocarbon dating of the wood indicates that this pine species was present in the región 3,500 years ago. The results are discussed in the context of other relevant literature. The dynamics of vegetation cover in the study área and the paleochorology of P. nigra are considered.
A contribution to the knowledge of the Iberian Trichomycetes (Fungi, Zygomycotina)
Authors: Santamaria Sergio , Girbal Josep
Published: October 2008

Four species of Trichomycetes belonging to the order Harpellales are here reponed for the first time for the Iberian Península: Harpellomyces eccentricus Lichtw. & S.T. Moss from Thaumalea larvae (Diptera, Thaumaleidae), Smittium culisetae Lichtw. from mosquito larvae (Diptera, Culicidae), Smittium chironomi Manier and Stachylina nana Lichtw. from midge larvae (Diptera, Chironomidae). All these species are illustrated, described and discussed.
Discussion of the morphology and distribution of Rorippa microphylla (Cruciferae) and related taxa from the Iberian Península
Authors: Molina Abril José A. , Martínez Laborde Juan B. , Pizarro Jose M.
Published: October 2008

A morphological and chorological study of Rorippa microphylla, R. nasturtium-aquaticum and R. x sterilis in the Iberian Península was carried out. The number of areolae per side on the seed coat is confirmed as the best distinguishing character between these taxa. The length of the atiricies in caulinar leaves is also pointed out as a valuable trait. R. microphylla reaches in the center of the Iberian Península the southernmost and only Mediterranean localities of this species in Europe. Both R. microphylla and R. nasturtium-aquaticum form part of two types of communities of flowing waters, one in which decumbent helophytes of shallow waters domínate, and the other dominated by erect helophytes of somewhat deeper waters.
The genus Calamintha Mill. (Labiatae) from the Iberian Península and the Balearic Islands
Authors: Morales Ramón , Luque María Nieves
Published: October 2008

The Iberian species of Calamintha Mill, are studied taxonomically, including chemical, palynological and karyological data. Two species inhabit the geographic área considered: C. nepeta, with two subspecies and C. grandiflora. Each species is accompanied by a distribution map (UTM projection) with points equivalent to 10 x 10 km quadrats. The new combinations Calamintha sect. Macromelissa (Benth.) R. Morales and C. nepeta subsp. sylvatica (Bromf.) R. Morales are proposed.
A new phytogeographic proposal based on the endemic monocots of the Iberian Península and the Baleario Islands
Authors: Moreno Saiz Juan Carlos , Sainz Ollero Helios
Published: October 2008

A new proposal to establish floristic regions in the Iberian Península and the Balearte Islands, based on their endemic monocots, is presented. The data matrix was built with 182 species and subspecies mapped on the UTM 10 x 10 km grid, and using the TWINSPAN programme for classification. The 2094 squares with chorological information were divided into 10 sectors with subsectors. These sectors do not cover the whole studied territory due to the lack of chorological data for some regions. Some Iberian áreas belonged to a single sector, while in others a combination of sectors was a notable feature. Results are discussed taking into account previous proposals to delimit Iberian and Balearic fitogeographical áreas, and the principal endemic floristic characters, which it has been possible to differentiate, from the point of view of their distribution, are emphasized.
Grape-vine sheets from Simón de Rojas Gemente (1777-1827) i the Herbarium of the Real Colegio Alfonso XII de San Lorenzo de El Escorial (Madrid, Spain)
Authors: Carrasco María Andrea , Perea Domingo , Martín-Blanco Carlos José , García Alfonso
Published: October 2008

In the present paper, the discovery of grape-vine mounted sheets from the Simón de Rojas Clemente herbarium, which were found in the Herbarium of the Real Colegio Alfonso XH in San Lorenzo de El Escorial, is reported. This material completes the collection of Clemente's vines which makes up one of the historical collections deposited in the MA herbarium.
The vascular plants of the Iberian Península in the Clusius's works: the seeds sent from Sevilla to Leiden
Authors: Menéndez de Luarca Luis Ramón-Laca
Published: October 2008

Before 1575 Carolus Clusius visited Spain and Portugal, in what can be considered the first extensive botanical collection trip for the Iberian Peninsula. He published in 1576 Rariorum aliquot stirpium per Hispanias observatarum historia, mainly based on materials collected during that expedition. The content of this book was later merged with additional information to créate a more comprehensive work dealing with the whole European flora, Rariorum plantarum historiae, published in 1601. An important element in the generation of this second book was the collaboration of Simón de Tovar, from Seville, who contributed with shipments of seeds and bulbs to Clusius. Thanks to Tovar, the number of plants recorded in Rar. stirp. hispan, hist, was increased with some remarkable examples in Rar. pl. hist. It is particularly interesting to note that at that moment American plants were a great novelty and Seville was the gate for the introduction of most of them, i.e. Sprekelia formosissima (L.) Herbert [• Amaryllis formosissima L.] or Psidium guajava L. A reconstruction of Clusius itinerary based on the collection localities is given in this paper. A discussion of the correspondence between both botanists, including a critical list of the plants sent to Leiden by Tovar is presented.
Presence and distribution of mycophyllas in Argentinian grasses
Authors: Lugo Mónica A. , Anton Ana M. , Cabral Daniel
Published: October 2008

The mycophyllas were studied in grasses (Poaceae) from natural Argentinian grasslands. Festuca fiebrigii Pilg., F. hieronymi Hack. var. expansa (St. Yves) Türpe, F. parodii St. Yves, Melica macra Nees, M. stuckertii Hack., Poa hieronymi Hack.. P. holciformis J. Presl, P. lilloi Hack., P. plicata Hack, and P. stuckertii (Hack.) Parodi are reponed as new hosts and the distribution área of the association for Festuca arundinacea Schreb., F. hieronymi Hack, var. hieronymi and F. tucumanica E.B. Alexeev, has been extended. The interaction was a mutualistic symbiosis. Most of the species had both the culm parenchyma and the fruits colonized, except in Melica macra. Poa hieronymi and P. plicata, where the symbiont was only observed in the parenchyma. On the other hand, variation in the association was observed in relation to the host species, location and altitude.
Limonium marisolii L. Llorens (Plumbaginaceae) revisited
Authors: Sáez Llorenç , Carvalho Áurea C. , Rosselló Josep A.
Published: October 2008

A new triploid agamic species, L. leonardi-llorensii, is described from coastal populations of South-West Mallorca. The new species is closely related, on morphological grounds, to the endemic L. marisolii L. Llorens, from which it could be distinguished by several morphological characters (leaves without papillae, longer calyx, more flowers per spikelet) and by a different chromosome number (2n = 26, L. leonardi-llorensii; 2n = 27, L. marisolii). The relationships between both species are discussed, and it is suggested that both taxa might share some common evolutionary history despite their divergent chromosome number. The origin of L. marisolii from L. leonardi-llorensii through chromosome fission or by a hybridization event is considered.
The genus Ocimum L. (Lamiaceae) in North-East Brazil
Authors: De Albuquerque Ulysses Paulino , De Holanda C. Andrade Laise
Published: October 2008

A taxonomic revision of the genus Ocimum L. from North-East Brazil, including native species, in addition to naturalized and cultivated species, is presented here. Attention is paid to morphological characters, both vegetative and reproductive, and the nutlets and seedlings of two problem species are emphasized. Seven species belonging to three sections are recognized: O. americanum L., O. basilicum L., O. gratissimum L., O. transamazonicum C. Pereira, O. minimum L. (sect. Ocimum), O. campechianum Mill. (sect. Gymnocimum) and O. tenuiflorum L. (sect. Hierocimum). The accepted species, with their most important synonyms, detailed description and geographical distribution are given, after the Identification keys. Morphological variety is also discussed, and illustrations are given of all species.
Evaluation of the species boundaries between Parthenium hysterophorus and P. glomeratum (Asteraceae-Ambrosiinae): morphological, anatomical, chromosomal and phytochemical evidence
Authors: Piazzano Marianela , Bernardello Gabriel , Novara Lázaro , Alarcón Silvia R. , De la Fuente Juana R. , Hadid Miriam
Published: October 2008

Species boundaries between Parthenium hysterophorus L./P. glomeratum Rollins were examined. Our working hypothesis states that the delimitation of these taxa is based on the dissection of a continuous variation pattern from an elevational cline. We chose a 70 km gradient from 300-3500 m in the Province of Salta (Argentina) where both taxa are sympatric. The study was centred in phenetic analyses of morphological data. In addition, foliar and caulinar anatomy, chromosome numbers and karyotype, and sesquiterpene lactone composition were investigated. Transplant experiments were performed, individuais that occur naturally at high elevations were cultivated at lower ones to analyse the phenetic plasticity of some key characters. Our results indicate that based on morphological and anatomical data no group of specimens can be delimited. The main characters used to recognise both species are significantly correlated with the elevation at which they grow, suggesting a clinal variation. Cytological and phytochemical data show that there is variation among the populations and that no discontinuities can be detected to separate them. Accordingly, it is convenient to consider the studied population as belonging to P. hysterophorus, and P. glomeratum as a synonym of that species.
The Najadaceae of Cuba
Authors: Urquiola Cruz Armando J. , Vega Hernández Efrén , Novo Carbó Roberto , Luis López Martín
Published: October 2008

This is a study of the family Najadaceae in Cuba. The presence of Najas marina, N. guadalupensis f. floridana and N. arguta var. arguta is confirmed, and the area of distribution of N. guadalupensis f. guadalupensis and N. wrightiana is extended. A general key, illustrations and distribution maps are included.
Limonium vigoi (Plumbaginaceae), a new tetraploid species from the Northeast of the Iberian Península
Authors: Sáez Llorenç , Curcó Antoni , Rosselló Josep A.
Published: October 2008

A new tetraploid agamic species, Limonium vigoi, is described from coastal populations of the Northeast of the Spain (Ebro delta). The new species is related, on morphological grounds, to L. girardianum (Guss.) Fourr. and L. grosii L. Llorens, from which it could be easily discriminated by its retuse leaves, the basal ones usually withered at anthesis, the very short (or even absent) leaf apiculum, the denser and longer (up to 0.7 mm) hairs of the calyx tube and the deeper colour of the corolla. In addition, L. girardianum is triploid, whereas L. vigoi and L. grosii are tetraploid. Limonium girardianum and L. grosii show the same pollen/stigma combination (A/cob type) which differs from that exhibited by L. vigoi (B/papillate type). The types of Limonium girardianum f. retusum Pignatti and L. glaucophyllum Pignatti, two taxa described from the Ebro delta, could not be distinguished from L. girardianum, but they clearly differed from L. vigoi.
The Ruppiaceae of Cuba
Authors: Urquiola Cruz Armando J. , Cabrera Rivas Caridad
Published: October 2008

This is a study of the family Ruppiaceae in Cuba. An illustration and distribution map of Ruppia maritime are included.
Notes on some Iberian Adenocarpus (Leguminosae)
Authors: Castroviejo Santiago
Published: October 2008

Problems of different kinds, with species of the genus Adenocarpus -group complicatus and gr. hispanicus- are analysed. A. anisochilus Boiss, is accepted at the specific leve!. Within A. complicatus s.l. the problems of identity of A. parvifolius DC. an A. intermedius DC. are discussed. A. desertorum Castrov., sp. nov., is described. Within the group hispanicus, the type material of A. hispanicus (Lm.) DC. is studied to demónstrate that the ñame should continué to be used in the traditional sense; the specific level for A. argyrophyllus (Rivas Goday) Caball. is proposed; A. hispanicus subsp. gredensis Rivas Mart. & Belmonte is considered as an hybrid between A. hispanicus and A. argyrophyllus, while A. hispanicus subsp. neilensis Rivas Mart. & G. Navarro is interpreted as a form without any important taxonomic valué of A. hispanicus
Life strategies of semi-desert plants: mechanisms of dispersal and reproduction in the thermomediterranean shrubland community Anabasio-Euzomodendretum bourgaeani
Authors: Hensen Isabell
Published: October 2008

The present study describes mechanisms of dispersal and reproduction in the thermomediterranean shrubland community Anabasio hispanicae-Euzomodendretum bourgaeani. The life strategy analysis based on sociological releves was carried out in Tabernas Desert (Province Almería). The biological significance of the occurring life strategies is represented by the mean group quantity fraction (GM). The dominant life strategy subdivisión of Anabasio-Euzomodendretum bourgaeani is that of Perennial stayers with short-range dispersal, with sexual reproduction. Reproduction takes place mainly by seeds; clonal reproduction does not appear to have any significance for the colonization of this semi-desert habitat. The community is characterized by a low dispersal capacity, achieved by several mechanisms for avoiding dispersal. A high percentage of the species that mature and fructify shortly before or during the hot and rainless summer, stores at least a subset of seeds in an aerial diaspore bank to assure that dispersal and germination coincide with an advantageous soil water supply. Additionally, immediate seed germination is frequently inhibited by high temperature.
Phytoplankton from the Daimiel National Park. II. Cyanophytes, dinoflagellates, cryptophytes, chrysophytes and xanthophytes
Authors: Ortega-Mayagoitia Elizabeth , Rojo Carmen
Published: October 2008

Las Tablas de Daimiel National Park is a semiarid wetland that exhibits a high biodiversity but is suffering an inexorable eutrophication process. The study of the phytoplankton in this wetland is interesting because of its hydrological fluctuations (drought period until 1996) and its trophic condition. This papers shows the taxonomy, dynamic, and ecology of microalgae in five áreas of the Park from 1996 to 1998, which allow comparisons to be made between the present state and the 1992-1993 period. Twelve taxa of Cyanophyta, 4 of Dynophyceae, 8 of Cryptophyceae, 5 of Chrysophyceae and one of Xanthophyceae were found. Almost all species have been already cited in Spain and are typical for eutrophic environments. Cyanophyceae and Cryptophyceae were the most important groups (Planktothrix agardhii, Anabaenopsis elenkinii, Cryptomonas erosa as the most common algae). Moreover, oscillatorial Cyanophyceae (in 1992) have been replaced by N-fixing nostocal ones, related to the high level of pollution found in recent years.
Orobanche montserratii A. Pujadas & D. Gómez (Orobanchaceae) new species from the Huesean Pyrenees
Authors: Pujadas Salva Antonio J. , Gómez García Daniel
Published: October 2008

Orobanche montserratii A. Pujadas & D. Gómez a new species of the spanish Pyrenees is described. The diagnosis, description, original illustration and the analysis of the morphological differences between the new species and O. alsatica Kirschl., O. bartlingü Griseb, and O. mayeri (Suess. & Ronniger) Bertsch & F. Bertsch, are given.
Levéis of atmospheric pollen of Olea europaea L. in Madrid (Ciudad Universitaria) and Aranjuez between 1994 and 1997.
Authors: Gutiérrez Bustillo Montserrat , Sáenz Laín Concepción
Published: October 2008

The results of four years of study (1994-1997) of the atmospheric levéis of pollen from Olea europaea L. in Madrid and Aranjuez are presented. The principal pollination period (PPP) for each year and each season were calculated, using the mean daily concentrations, and fell between weeks 16 and 26, with maximum daily valúes registered between 3rd May and 7th June. The presence of olive pollen was greater in Aranjuez than in Madrid (mean 3,307 grains of pollen/year and 2,123 grains/year, respectively). The pollen season was similar in each locality. A preliminary comparison of pollen data with temperature and precipitation seems to indicates that accumulated pre-season temperatures, but not rainfall, can have decisive influence on the initiation of pollination. His nuclear what influence rainfall has on the account of pollen collected.
Phytoplankton from Las Tablas de Daimiel National Park. III. Diatoms and chlorophytes
Authors: Ortega-Mayagoitia Elizabeth , Rojo Carmen
Published: October 2008

Las Tablas de Daimiel National Park is an important semi-arid wetland, biodiversity reserve, that is experiencing an accelerated eutrophication process and dramatic hydrological changes in recent years. This paper reports the taxonomy, dynamics and ecology of 9 planktonic diatoms (2 centric, 7 pennate) and 37 chlorophytes (24 coccoids. 8 flageflated and 5 species of other groups) which were found from 1996 to 1998. Despite the higher diversity of Chlorococcales, diatoms made a major contribution to algal biomass. Most species are typical of eutrophic systems and some are salinity indicators (Chaetoceros muelleri). Scenedesmus quadricauda, Cyclotella meneghiniana and Nitzschia acicularis were the most common species. Pteromonas limnetica is a new record for Spain. There was a remarkable decrease in phytoplankton density and a 50 % species substitution in comparison to the drier period 1992-1993. Species distribution through the wetland was very heterogeneous spatially and temporally, without any pattern.
A new Spanish species of Ferulago Koch (Apiaceae)
Authors: Solanas José Luis , Crespo Manuel B. , García Martín Felipe
Published: October 2008

Ferulago ternatifolia Solanas, M.B. Crespo & García Martín, sp. nov., is described from populations found in the littoral zones of Alicante Province (Puigcampana and Vall de Gallinera), and the Sierra de Moratalla (Pico Revolcadores) of Murcia Province. Morphological and structural characters defining the new species are analysed, and the diagnostic differences with other Iberian taxa are also established.
Novelties in the genus Perrottetia (Celastraceae)
Authors: Sánchez Montaño Roberto , Fernández Alonso José Luis
Published: October 2008

Three new species of Perrottetia Kunth in H.B.K. (Celastraceae) from the premontane and montane forests of Colombia are described and illustrated. It is proposed that P. caliensis Cuatrec. is synonymous with the older name P. quinduensis Kunth in H.B.K and a key for the Columbian species of the genus is presented.
Plants in the material culture of Fuenlabrada de los Montes (Extremadura, Spain)
Authors: Blanco Emilio , Cuadrado Clemente , Morales Ramón
Published: October 2008

The uses of 67 species in the material culture and the popular technology in Fuenlabrada de los Montes. NE of Badajoz province, Extremadura, Spain, have been reponed. Features of uses and technological management are given.
Lichenicolous fungi from Ecuador. I. Two new species of the order Hypocreales (Ascomycota): Pronectria parmotrematis and Trichonectria leptogiicola
Authors: Etayo Javier
Published: October 2008

Two species of lichenicolous fungi from Ecuador are described: Pronectria parmotrematis, with erumpent, orange-brown ascomata and non ornaméntate ascospores, on Parmotrema sp. thallus (also from Colombia), and Trichonectria leptogiicola, with superficial, pink to orange ascomata, and striately ornaméntate ascospores, on Leptogium phyllocarpum thallus.
Two new subspecies of Erigeron uniflorus L. (Asteraceae) from Northern Spain
Authors: Foley Michael J.Y
Published: October 2008

Two new subspecies of Erigeron uniflorus L. are described from montane áreas of N Spain. These are E. uniflorus subsp. picoeuropaeanus M.J.Y. Foley, subsp. nov., and E. uniflorus subsp. subacaulis MJ.Y. Foley, subsp. nov.
Crambe tamadabensis (Brassicaceae, Brassiceae), a new species from Gran Canaria Island (Canary Islands, Spain)
Authors: Prina Anibal , Marrero Águedo
Published: October 2008

A new species of Crambe from the Canary Islands is described. The ecological characteristics of its habitat, as well as an identification key including cióse related species are provided. The main morphological features of the new species are illustrated.
The Mayacaceae in Cuba
Authors: Urquiola Cruz Armando J.
Published: October 2008

The problems of the genus Mayaca Aublet in Cuba are discussed. M. aubletii is confirmed as a distinct species, and a key, illustrations and distribution maps of M. aubletii and M. fluviatilis are included.
Once more on the relationship between Pau and Goncalo Sampaio
Authors: Laínz S.J. Manuel
Published: October 2008

A transcription of 14 more of Pau's letters to Sampaio recently found in Oporto. They east a new light on the start of the relationship between these botanists, and on the peculiar character of the Spanish one.
On the relationships between Pau and Ignacio (and Cándido) Bolívar
Authors: Laínz Manuel
Published: October 2008

Some relationships of considerable interest to the history of Spanish Botany are illustrated based on documents at the author's disposa]. Ignacio's Bolívar leadership in the whole range of our Natural Sciences is well known; a leadership Cándido, his son, inherited early, it seems, and continued up to end of the civil war.
California, a new genus of Geraniaceae endemic to the southwest of North America
Authors: Aldasoro Juan José , Navarro Carmen , Vargas Pablo , Saez Llorenç , Aedo Carlos
Published: October 2008

Morphological data provide evidence for the separation of Erodium macrophyllum Hook. & Arn. in a new genus, different from either Erodium and Monsonia (Geraniaceae). Also cpDNA sequence data (rrnL-F) support this view. Thus, we propose the recognition of a new monotypic genus, California Aldas., C. Navarro, P. Vargas, Ll. Saez & Aedo, to better reflect phylogenetic relationships in Geraniaceae. We provide diagnosis, illustrations, comparative analysis of distinctive characters, and a key to genera of Geraniaceae. The new combination proposed is: California macrophylla (Hook. & Am.) Aldas., C. Navarro, P. Vargas, Ll. Saez & Aedo, comb. Nov. [basion.: Erodium macrophyllum Hook. & Am.]; and two lectotypes are designed.
A new species of Gentianella (Gentianaceae) from the Sistema Ibérico mountain range
Authors: Renobales Gustavo , Fabregat Llueca Carlos , López Udias Silvia
Published: October 2008

Gentianella hispanica López Udias, Fabregat & Renob., a new species from a few localities in the Sierras of Albarracín and Zafrilla, in the center of Spain (Cuenca, Guadalajara and Teruel provinces), is described. Its morphology and ecology are described and compared to those of the two taxa believed to be the closest to it, G. ramosa (Hegetschw.) Holub, from the Alps, and G. bulgarica (Velen.) Holub, from eastern Europe. A latin description and diagnosis as well as original iconography are provided.
A revisión of the genus Cephalanthera (Orchidaceae) in the Iberian Península and Balearic Islands
Authors: Alarcón María Luisa , Aedo Carlos
Published: October 2008

A revision of the genus Cephalanthera in the Iberian Peninsula and NW of Africa has been done. Three species have been accepted. These species, C. rubra, C. longifolia and C. damasonium, have been listed with their synonyms in the study zone, a detailed description of each, and distribution maps. The indumentum pollen and seeds have been studied by SEM. C. damasonium has been typified.
Study of non timber forestry products in three markets of Equatorial-Guinea
Authors: Obama Ondo Crisantos
Published: October 2008

The presence of vegetable oils, wild fruits, spices, medicinal plants, plant stimulants and melongos in the markets of Ebibeyín, Bata and Malabo of Equatorial-Guinea have been studied, as remarkable non-wood forest products from these markets. The possible impact of the uses of these products on the natural environments are discussed. Some suggestions about the improvement and development of the non-wood forest products in Equatorial-Guinea are given.