bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A IMPORTÂNCIA DA ATUAÇÃO DO CIRURGIÃO-DENTISTA FRENTE À VIOLÊNCIA CONTRA A MULHER: REVISÃO DE LITERATURA
Authors: Batista do Nascimento Thiago , Gomes Maciel Janaína , Maluf Fabiano , Andrade Valle Luisa
Published: October 2022

A violência contra as mulheres é um fenômeno complexo, pois se manifesta em diversas formas, classes sociais e contextos, tornando-se responsável por danos capazes de afetar a saúde das vítimas de maneira irreversível. Esta revisão de literatura buscou descrever os principais tipos de trauma dento alveolar que acometem mulheres vítimas de violência doméstica com o intuito de apontar a importância dos cirurgiões dentistas no atendimento inicial e na identificação de possíveis vítimas bem como do diagnóstico das lesões, tratamento e notificação de casos de violências contra as mulheres. Foi realizada uma pesquisa bibliográfica nas bases de dados Scielo, Lilacs, Pubmed e Capes utilizando as palavras-chaves, “Violência contra a Mulher”, “Violência”, “Odontologia” e “Notificação”. Após a leitura de títulos e resumos foram incluídos 39 artigos e utilizados para esta revisão de literatura. Os critérios de inclusão foram artigos nos idiomas português, inglês e espanhol que contivessem achados clínicos das lesões na região da cabeça e pescoço, dados epidemiológicos e legislativos referentes aos aspectos éticos-legais dos profissionais de saúde. Os critérios de exclusão foram artigos incompletos e estudos relacionados à violência contra idosos, adolescentes, crianças e violência sexual. Os estudos apresentaram que profissionais de Odontologia possuem pouco conhecimento sobre o tema, evidenciando falta de preparo na identificação da violência e prevenção de potenciais prejuízos à saúde. Ainda demonstrou a necessidade de maiores esclarecimentos científicos, da inclusão do tema na graduação e em cursos de capacitações aos profissionais já formados. Mesmo em casos de suspeita de violência é indispensável que os cirurgiões-dentistas tenham conhecimento acerca da importância em notificarem e não limitar seu atendimento apenas aos cuidados das lesões físicas, de forma que possam contribuir na prevenção e redução deste fenômeno, por meio de um atendimento integral e humanizado.
CONSELHOS FEDERAL E REGIONAIS DE ODONTOLOGIA E A AUSÊNCIA DE PADRONIZAÇÃO DO TERMO DE AJUSTAMENTO DE CONDUTA (TAC) NOS PROCESSOS ÉTICOS
Authors: Oliveira Larissa Dutra Bittencourt de , Coltri Marcos Vinicius
Published: October 2022

Por força do que estabelece a Lei 4.324/1964, incumbe aos Conselhos Regionais de Odontologia a prerrogativa de processar eticamente os inscritos que tenham descumprido as normas éticas odontológicas. Admite-se que esta apuração ética pode ser suspensa ou interrompida em razão da assinatura de Termo de Ajustamento de Conduta (TAC). O TAC possui previsão legal na Lei 7.347/1985. O Conselho Federal de Odontologia não possui nenhuma norma específica disciplinando o TAC. Em razão desta lacuna normativa, o presente estudo teve por objetivo verificar se os CROs possuem algum tipo de regulamentação para o TAC. Buscou-se, então, tais documentos nos sites dos 27 CROs. Quando o CRO não apresentava nenhum documento sobre o TAC em seu site, foi solicitado por e-mail, resultando na existência de TAC em 18 CROs (AL, CE, DF, ES, GO, MA, MT, MG, PA, PB, PR, PE, RS, RJ, SC, SP, SE, TO), 02 CROs possuem apenas um modelo de aplicação (AM, BA) e 07 CROs não possuem TAC (AC, AP, MS, PI, RN, RO, RR). Sendo assim, a amostra analisada foi composta de 18 normas específicas e 02 modelos de TAC. Como ainda não há norma do CFO sobre o TAC, e cada CRO disciplina o TAC à sua própria maneira, é importante que o CFO elabore e publique norma relativa ao TAC, revogando as normas dos CROs, garantindo, assim, a todos os inscritos os mesmos direitos e garantias processuais.
dalam Membentuk Karakter Disiplin Siswa pada Masa New Normal di SMK PGRI 1 Pacitan
Authors: Danik Eka , Superi Superi
Published: October 2022

Pendidikan merupakan salah satu unsur penting dalam memajukan pembangunan dan peradaban dunia. Lembaga pendidikan memiliki tugas dalam pembentukan karakter anak atau peserta didik. Mengingat pentingnya pendidikan karakter, upaya penanaman pendidikan karakter terus dilakukan. Dalam proses belajar mengajar, setiap guru berharap agar peserta didik dapat mencapai hasil belajar yang baik. Untuk mewujudkan hal tersebut, diperlukan penegakkan disiplin bagi peserta didik. Disiplin mengarahkan kegiatan secara teratur, tertib, dan rapi sebab keteraturan ikut menentukan keberhasilan dalam mencapai tujuan belajar dan selalu patuh dengan aturan yang berlaku pada masa new normal. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di SMK PGRI 1 Pacitan. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan oleh peneliti dalam penelitian ini yaitu pendekatan kualitatif yang bermaksud untuk memhami fenomena tentang apa yang dialami oleh subjek penelitian misalnya mengenai perilaku, persepsi, motivasi, tindakan dan lain-lain secara holistik dan dengan cara deskripsi dalam bentuk kata- kata dan bahasa. Hasil Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa1). Guru menjadi tauladan siswa-siswanya dalam pembelajaran. 2). Guru selalu aktif mengingatkan siswa mengenai pentingnya kedisiplinan dan menjaga kesehatan. 3.) Guru memberikan sangsi kepada siswa yang melakukan pelanggaran.
PENTINGNYA PENDIDIKAN ANTI BULLYING di SEKOLAH MENENGAH ATAS
Authors: Cahyani Arsita Wulan , Widodo Slamet
Published: October 2022

Bullying kerap terjadi di Indonesia bahkan di dalam ranah lembaga pendidikan. Bullying menjadi permasalahan krusial bagi pelajar di Indonesia. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan usaha untuk menghadapi masalah tersebut utamanya bagi pelajar sekolah menengah atas menggunakan upaya preventif. Bentuk upaya dalam menghadapi masalah ini adalah membentuk pendidikan anti-bullying di sekolah menengah atas. Hal tersebut bertujuan agar pelajar sekolah menengah atas memiliki pemahaman yang baik, serta upaya pencegahan yang perlu dilakukan. Metode kajian pustaka dengan cara mengumpulkan data melalui analisis sumber-sumber terkait seperti buku, jurnal, dan sejenisnya terkait bullying diaplikasikan dalam penelitian ini. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan upaya efektif membangun pendidikan anti-bullying di sekolah menengah atas. Upaya ini dilakukan secara sadar dan sengaja oleh lembaga pendidikan, tidak hanya oleh tenaga pendidik. Setiap elemen terkait penting dalam upaya membentuk pendidikan anti-bullying agar tercipta koordinasi yang baik dalam mencapai tujuan. Pendidikan anti-bullying menjadi bagian dari kurikulum yang diajarkan baik dalam mata pelajaran eksak, sosial, dan bahasa. Variasi metode pembelajaran digunakan sehingga, peserta didik antusias dalam pembelajaran. Dalam penerapan pendidikan anti-bullying dapat menggunakan asesmen formatif.
Implementasi Pancasila Untuk Mencegah Isu Radikalisme Dalam Bingkai Kebhinekaan
Authors: Muhammad Robin , Widodo Slamet
Published: October 2022

Bangsa Indonesia merupakan bangsa majemuk yang memiliki berbagai keanekaragaman budaya, bahasa, suku, ras, adat dan agama Keragaman budaya bangsa Indonesia dapat memicu konflik serta berpotensi memunculkan beragam pemahaman dan gerakan radikal, baik yang mengatasnamakan agama, suku, dan golongan. Namun, pada kenyatannya gerakan radikalisme muncul tidak hanya diakibatkan oleh perbedaan SARA, tetapi juga terdapat faktor dimensi global, politik, serta kesenjangan sosial yang terjadi di dalam masyarakat. Metode dari penulisan artikel ini dengan menngunakan metode studi pustaka kajiann literature. Tujuan dari penulisan ini adalah untuk menganalisis bagaimana implementasi terhadap  nilai-nilai Pancasila dalam upaya mencegah penyebaran paham serta gerkan radikalisme di Indonsia. Pada saat ini implementasi nilai-nilai Pancasila dalam kehidupan masyarakat semakin memudar, hal trsebut diakibatkan oleh kurangnya kesadaran serta pemahaman masyarakat tentang makna dan arti dari nilai-nilai pancasila. Diperlukan tindakan atau upaya secara bersama dalam menerapkan nilai-nilai pancasila dalam kehidupan bermasyarakat , berbangsa, dan bernegara dalam mencegah penyebaran paham serta gerakan radikalisme guna menjaga keutuhan bangsa Indonesia dengan persatuan dan kesatuan.
Network pharmacology and bioinformatics approach reveals the therapeutic activity and action mechanism of curcumin in Alzheimer disease
Authors: Vijh Deepanshi , Imam Md. Ali , Haque Mohd Maksuf Ul , Das Subhajit , Islam Asimul , Malik Md Zubbair
Published: October 2022

Curcumin is a natural anti-inflammatory and antioxidant substance which plays a major role in reducing the amyloid plaques formation, which is the major cause of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Consequently, a methodical approach was used to select the potential protein targets of curcumin in AD through network pharmacology. In this study, through integrative methods AD targets of curcumin through SwissTargetPrediction database, STITCH database, BindingDB, PharmMapper, Therapeutic Target Database (TTD), Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM) database were predicted followed by gene enrichment, network construction, network topology, and docking studies. Gene ontology analysis facilitated identification of a list of possible AD targets of curcumin (74 targets genes). The correlation of the obtained targets with AD was analysed by Gene Ontology (GO) pathway enrichment analyses and Kyoto Encyclopaedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG). Applying network pharmacological approach to identified key genes. Further, we performed molecular docking for analysing the mechanism of curcumin. To validate the temporospatial expression of key genes in human central nervous system (CNS), we searched the Human Brain Transcriptome (HBT) dataset. We identify top five key genes namely, PPARγ, MAPK1, STAT3, KDR and APP. Further validate the expression profiling of these key genes in publicly available brain data expression profile databases. This study concluded with novel insights into the therapeutic mechanisms of curcumin which in the future will ease the treatment of AD with the clinical application of curcumin.
Landscape Assessment of the cities in the State of Maharashtra: First Step towards Air Quality Management (AQM) & Strategic implementation of mitigation plans.
Authors: Das Ananya , Ghosh Arpita
Published: October 2022

This study aims to understand the need for landscape assessment of the 18 non-attainment cities in the State of Maharashtra, understand, rank the cities according to the need and necessity for strategic implementation of air quality management. Air quality management is a National Clean Air Program (NCAP) initiative to curb the air pollution level in all the highly polluted Indian cities by 20%-30% till 2024. Ranking, selection of the cities consisted of a two-phase approach including a)desk research and b)field interventions and stakeholders,consultations.The first phase included ai) review of cities aii)identification of suitable indicators to inform prioritization during the ranking process, aiii)data collection and analysis of the indicators and aiv)the ranking of the cities.The second phase, i.e, field interventions included bi) Mapping of stakeholders and field visits, bii)the consultations with the stakeholders, biii)information and data collection,biv) ranking, selection of cities. Helping out in screening down of the most vulnerable cities due to air pollution.A granular level stakeholder consultation resulted in the selection of Navi Mumbai and Pune as the cities with implementation of feasible strategies. Strategic interventions like a) Strengthen the clean air ecosystem b)air quality monitoring &health impact assessment c)Skill development of the stakeholders for clean air better life.
WITHDRAWN: AZD5153 enhances the oncolytic adenovirus effect by affecting the STING in cervical cancer
Authors: Dou Yingyu
Published: October 2022

Background: Oncolytic viruses (OVs) are potential cancer treatment therapy. However, the therapeutic efficacy of OVs was limited due to coxsackie and adenovirus receptor expression levels and antivirus immune response. In this study, we explored the effect of AZD5153, a BRD4 inhibitor, on the regulation ADV5/dE1A oncolytic effect in cervical cancer models.
Methods: The effect of AZD5153 on ADV5/dE1A infection was evaluated by using GFP-reporter assays and immunofluorescence. The effect of BRD4 inhibition was further examined by flow cytometry analysis, CCK8, ELISA Kit, RNA sequencing, vitro viral replication assays and cytopathic effect assay. The expression of STING/TBK1/IRF3/NF-KB and IFN-stimulated genes were detected by qRT-PCR and western blot. The cervical cancer xenograft mice models were used to further observe the effect of combination therapy in vivo.
Results: GFP-reporter assays showed that GFP positive cells of the AZD5153 and Adv5/dE1A group increased from 21.9% to 46.3% in Hela cells. For Caski cells, the infection rate of GFP positive cells in combination group increased from 22.7% to 34.9%. Moreover, AZD5153 caused sustained tumor regression and enhanced adenovirus E1A expression compared with Adv5/dE1A only group. Low-does AZD5153 did not induce DNA damage response, cell cycle and apoptosis. AZD5153 inhibited the expression level of IFN-stimulated genes. And BRD4 bond to the promoter of STING and regulated STING/TBK1/IRF3/NF-KB expression.
Conclusion: In summary, BRD4 inhibitor enhanced ADV5/dE1A oncolytic effect via regulating STING/TBK1/IRF3/NF-KB pathway and IFN-stimulated genes in cervical cancer.
A sensitive and selective electrochemical aptasensor based on gold nanoflower/polyethyleneimine (PEI)-functionalized metal organic framework nanocomposites for label-free determination of streptomycin in milk samples
Authors: Hui Yuanyuan , Peng Haishuai , Li Linqiang , Zhao Aiqing , Yang Ding , Wang Weizhe , Wang Bini
Published: October 2022

Rapid, accurate, sensitive, and real-time detection of streptomycin (STR) residues in dairy products is very important. In this work, for the first time, the gold nanoflower/polyethyleneimine functionalized metal organic framework (AuNF-PEI-MIL-101(Cr)) nanocomposites were synthesized via hydrothermal method and characterized using various techniques (SEM, TEM, XRD, FT-IR and XPS). Then, a novel electrochemical aptasensor was constructed for the detection of STR based on AuNF-PEI-MIL-101(Cr) nanocomposites. The gold electrode (GE) modified with AuNF-PEI-MIL-101(Cr) can immobilize a large number of thiolated STR aptamer via the Au-S bond. When the target STR was in the presence, the current signal was reduced due to the specific binding of STR towards the aptamer. The results indicated that the aptasensor had a wide linear range towards STR (0.01–400 nM) with a low detection limit of 0.003 nM under the optimal conditions. Moreover, the aptasensor exhibited good selectivity, reproducibility, and stability. In addition, the STR in the cow, sheep, and goat milk samples was detected by the spiked recovery method, and satisfactory results were obtained. The method provides an efficient pathway for the sensitive detection of STR.
Earthworm mediated nutrient recovery and sustainable management of rice weed Barnyard grass (Echinochloa crus-galli)
Authors: Gupta Renuka , Mago Monika , Garg Vinod Kumar
Published: October 2022

Present research is an attempt to manage Barnyard grass(Echinochloa crus-galli), common rice weed, sustainably by vermicomposting technology.E. crus-galli(EC) feed stocks were blended with cow dung in combination: 20:80, 40:60, 50:50, 60:40 and 80:20 with two controls 100% CD and 100% EC for 63 days. Earthworms could not grow well in higher percentage of EC. Total kjeldhal nitrogen, total available phosphorus and total potassium in final vermicomposts were in range of 13.6-21.5g/kg, 11.8-15.9g/kg and 20.1-27.6g/kg, respectively, after 63 days vermicomposting. Respiration rate (42–98 mgCO2kg− 1VC 48h− 1) affirms vermicompost maturity and falls within the recommended limits (< 120 mgCO2kg− 1VC 48h− 1). Vermicomposting also reduced the weed mass by 2.2–3.03 folds depicting effective feed decomposition. It was inferred that rice weed can be converted into nutrient embedded manure employing vermicomposting and can prove to be instrumental in facilitating management ofE .crus-galliin a cost effective and environmentally modest manner.
Communication medium in theileriosis control: the factors that determine disease knowledge among smallholder farmers in Zimbabwe.
Authors: Nhokwara Shelton Munyaradzi , KONO Hiroichi , KUBOTA Satoko , Jubenkanda Mark
Published: October 2022

In any economy, communication in agriculture is essential for the development of the sector. It is of crucial that the government invests in meaningful, lasting communication to keep farmers informed and updated on productivity issues. The extension services in agriculture are responsible for communication between farmers and the government; inadequate communication results in limited knowledge among farmers possibly affecting total productivity. Theileriosis is one of the most important tick-borne diseases that has been affecting farmers and thousands of livestock. The main government strategy to combat theileriosis is use of plunge dips with anti-tick chemicals at specified times; however, an increase in number of farmers caused a strain on government services resulting in disease outbreak. Hence, it is important to evaluate the communication between farmers and veterinary services and identify possible areas of strain. A field survey was conducted with 320 farmers in Mhondoro Ngezi, a district badly affected by theileriosis. Face-to-face interviews with smallholders and communal farmers were conducted between September and October 2021, and the data were analyzed using Stata 17. Communal farmers relied mainly on oral communication and had limited knowledge of theileriosis; therefore, dead cattle % was high among them. Though veterinary extension officers were the prime source of information, oral communication medium affected knowledge transferred. The results of this study recommend adoption of communication mediums that encourage retention, such as brochures and posters by veterinary extension services. The government may also partner with private players to ease pressure of increased farming population due to land reform
Visual Impairment and Associated Factors among randomly selected Secondary School Students of Assosa Zone, North West Ethiopia
Authors: Maru Lemlemu , Yitayew Meseret , Getu Degu , Melkamu Solomon , Debebe Wondowessen
Published: October 2022

Background:Visual impairment is a major health issue that imposes a great burden to all nations globally. Ethiopia is one of the developing countries in Africa, with poor health service coverage especially eye health care and is believed to have one of the world’s highest rates of blindness.
Objective of the study: to assess prevalence of visual impairment and associated factors among high school students of Assosa zone, South West Ethiopia
Materials and methods: Institutional based cross sectional study design was used to assess prevalence of visual impairment and its associated factors among high school students of Assosa zone, South West Ethiopia using multi stage sampling. Data was fed into Epidata 4.4.2.win 64 and exported to SPSS version 20. Binary Logistic Regression (bivariate and multivariate analysis with backward LR) was used to identify the associated factors to visual impairment. Data expressed in percentage, mean, ± SD and P-value ≤0.05 considered as a statistically significant. Data presented with text, tables
Results:In the present study, response rate was 97.6%. Among 492 randomly selected high school students, 249(50.6) were females. The mean age was 17.27(SD±1.14) with minimum and maximum age of 14 and 31, respectively. Majority of participants 453(92.1%) were urban residents. In this cross-sectional study, the prevalence of visual impairment accounts for 10.4%.
Conclusion: school type, spending on cell phone, duration of reading books, not participating in sport and no history of seeking eye were factors associated with visual impairment.
Efficacy of Silver Diamine Fluoride in Arresting Dental Caries in Primary Teeth
Authors: Gyawali Namrata , Sundas Sunanda , Sah Barun Kumar , Dhakal Neha
Published: October 2022

Background
This study was done to evaluate and compare the efficacy of silver diamine fluoride in arresting dental caries at different frequencies of applications.
Methods
Experimental study was conducted among ten preschool children of 3–5 years old with seventy- four active carious lesions taking teeth as a sample unit. Children were randomly allocated into two intervention groups. Group 1— application of 38% silver diamine fluoride solution at three consecutive weeks and Group 2— three applications of 38% silver diamine fluoride solution at monthly interval. Time taken of caries arrest was recorded. Data was collected and entered in Microsoft Excel sheet and analysis was done in Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 16.
Results
Mean time taken for caries arrest for Group II (57.20 days) was found to be statistically longer than Group I (21.54 days) (p-value < 0.001). As the mean time taken for caries arrest for Group I was shorter, the weekly application was found to have higher efficacy than the monthly application.
Conclusions
Efficacy of Silver Diamine Fluoride was found to be more in Group I (weekly application) compared to Group II (monthly application).
Simple grip strength device for assessing the degree of recovery from residual neuromuscular blockade after general anaesthesia: An observational study
Authors: Tan Xinmin , Lu Yan , Li Yiming , Li Ruhong
Published: October 2022

Background：Residual neuromuscular blockade is common in patients after general anesthesia, but few anesthesiologists use neuromuscular monitoring. In order to reduce the incidence of residual neuromuscular blockade and find a safer time for extubation, the purpose of our study is to explore the use of a simple measure of grip strength to roughly assess the recovery degree of neuromuscular blockade.
Methods: Seventy-six patients undergoing elective general anaesthesia from November 2021 to June 2022, aged 18-70 years, with ASA classification of grade I-II were selected. A random number table method was used to divide into rocuronium and cis-atracurium groups. Patients' gender, age, BMI, ASA classification, total duration of surgery, PACU stay, preoperative basal grip strength values were recorded using a simple grip strength device, while the corresponding grip strength values at train-of-four (TOF) ration of 70%, 80% and 90% were monitored using a neuromuscular monitor. Spearman's correlation analysis was used to analyse the correlation between grip strength values and neuromuscular monitor values to determine whether the simple grip device could be used as a crude assessment of the degree of neuromuscular blockade recovery.
Results: There was a significant correlation between grip strength values measured by the simple grip strength device and TOF ration during the patients' recovery from general anaesthesia (R2 =0.632). There was no significant difference in mean maximum grip strength recovery values between patients using rocuronium and those using cis-atracurium at the same TOF ration (p>0.05), and there was no significant difference in the total time of surgery (p=0.489) and total time spent in the PACU (p=0.202) between the two groups. There was a significant difference in preoperative basal grip strength values by gender (p<0.001), but there was no significant difference in mean maximum grip strength recovery at 70%, 80% and 90% of TOF ration and total time spent in the PACU (p>0.05).
Conclusions: In this study, we developed a significant correlation between this simple grip strength device measurement and TOF ration from quantitative neuromuscular monitoring, which can be used as an additional strategy to roughly estimate the degree of myosin recovery, further improvements in grip strength measurement are needed.
Analysis of risk factors for death in 59 cases of critically ill neonates receiving continuous renal replacement therapy-a two-center retrospective study
Authors: Xu Jinglin , Chu Xiaoyun , Zhang Weifeng , Sun Yifen , Qiu Gang , Cai Cheng , Chen Dongmei
Published: October 2022

Objective: To investigate the risk factors for death in critically ill neonates receiving continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT).
Methods: The clinical data of critically ill neonates treated with CRRT at two tertiary hospitals from January 2015 to December 2021 were retrospectively analysed. A multi-factor logistic regression analysis was performed, and the predictive value of relevant risk factors on death was verified by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve.
Results: (1) A total of 59 cases of critically ill neonates were included in this study, with 37 cases in the survival group and 22 in the death group. The mortality rate was 37.3%. (2) The most common primary disease in these cases was neonatal sepsis, followed by neonatal asphyxia and inborn errors of metabolism (IEM). (3) Univariate analysis showed that the risk factors related to death included primary diseases (neonatal sepsis, IEM), the number of organs involved in multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS), neonatal critical illness scores (NCIS), the levels of blood lactate, blood glucose, hemoglobin, and platelet before CRRT initiation, and the incidence of bleeding or thrombosis during CRRT (all P<0.05). (4) Multi-factor logistic regression analysis showed that risk factors for death in critically ill neonates treated with CRRT included the occurrence of neonatal sepsis (OR=8.859, 95% CI 1.165 to 67.384, P=0.035), the number of organs involved in MODS (OR=4.762, 95% CI 1.301 to 17.424, P= 0.018), and the NCIS (OR=0.819, 95% CI 0.715 to 0.938, P=0.004). (5) ROC curve analysis showed that the number of organs involved in MODS and NCIS had a good predictive value for death in critically ill neonates treated with CRRT, with the areas under the curve (AUC) being 0.700 and 0.810, respectively (both P<0.05). When predicting death with these two indicators combined, the AUC reached 0.890, with a sensitivity of 81.0% and a specificity of 88.9%.
Conclusions: Neonatal sepsis, number of organs involved in MODS, and NCIS were independent risk factors for death in critically ill neonates treated with CRRT. Moreover, the number of organs involved in MODS and NCIS could effectively predict death in critically ill neonates treated with CRRT.
Can a “goldilocks” Mortality Predictor Perform Consistently Across Time and Equitably Across Populations?
Authors: Handler Jonathan , Lee Olivia , Chatrath Sheena , McGarvey Jeremy , Fitch Tyler , Jose Divya , Vozenilek John
Published: October 2022

Objective: Advance care planning (ACP) facilitates end-of-life care, yet many die without one. Timely and accurate mortality prediction may encourage ACP. Therefore, we assessed performance equity and consistency for a novel 5-to-90-day mortality predictor.
Methods: Predictions were made for the first day of included adult inpatient admissions on a retrospective dataset. Performance was assessed across various demographies, geographies, and timeframes.
Results: AUC-PR remained at 29% both pre- and during COVID. Pre-COVID-19 recall and precision were 58% and 25% respectively at the 12.5% cutoff, and 12% and 44% at the 37.5% cutoff. During COVID-19, recall and precision were 59% and 26% at the 12.5% cutoff, and 11% and 43% at the 37.5% cutoff. Pre-COVID, recall dropped at both cutoffs if recent data was not made available to the model; and compared to the overall population, recall was lower at the 12.5% cutoff in the White, non-Hispanic subgroup and at both cutoffs in the rural subgroup. During COVID-19, precision at the 12.5% cutoff was lower than that of the overall population for the non-White and non-White female subgroups. No other statistically significant differences were seen between subgroups and the corresponding overall population.
Conclusions: Overall predictive performance during the pandemic was unchanged from pre-pandemic performance. Although some comparisons (especially precision at the 37.5% cutoff) were underpowered, precision at the 12.5% cutoff was equitable across most demographies, regardless of the pandemic. Mortality prediction to prioritize ACP conversations can be provided consistently and equitably across many studied timeframes, geographies, and demographies.
Implementation of mass drug administration of antibiotics in low- and middle- income countries
Authors: O’Sullivan Natasha , McCoy David
Published: October 2022

Background
Recent years has seen the mass administration of certain antimicrobials, including antibiotics, increasingly promoted as a public health strategy in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). The WHO currently recommends the mass administrations of azithromycin for three indications: yaws, trachoma, and child mortality.
Methods
We conducted a desk-based review of secondary data to discuss the clinical, public health and economic evidence underpinning the decision to adopt, and the issues to consider when implementing a mass drug administration (MDA) programme involving azithromycin.
Results
Before deciding to adopt and implement a policy of MDA of antibiotics, the evidence base should be evaluated, including an economic assessment, and consideration of the distribution of benefits and risks amongst individuals and within communities and populations. Once the decision to adopt has been made, key considerations for successful implementation of a programme include ensuring it does not draw attention and resources away from other health services and finding opportunities for generating efficiencies through integration with existing health interventions. Understanding local attitudes and gaining trust are essential for stakeholder buy-in Furthermore, there must be appropriate attention to the potential harms which include worsening antimicrobial resistance, unintended consequences of public health interventions and reinforcement of a selective primary healthcare paradigm at the expense of a more bottom-up, comprehensive and socially driven pathway to health improvement.
Conclusion
Although MDA of antibiotics presents an opportunity to prevent mortality and improve health in the short-term, in the case of childhood mortality, MDA of azithromycin can only be a short-term quick fix. Ultimately, long-term, and sustainable child mortality reductions – especially in high mortality settings – will require more comprehensive approaches to health system strengthening and broader-based socio-economic development.
An organoid library of salivary gland tumors reveals subtype-specific characteristics and biomarkers
Authors: Wang Bo , Gan Jiaxing , Liu Zhengyan , Hui Zhixuan , Wei Jinhui , Gu Xiaolian , Mu Yabing , Zang Guangxiang
Published: October 2022

Background Salivary gland tumors (SGTs) include a large group of rare neoplasms in the head and neck region, and the heterogeneous and overlapping features among the subtypes frequently make diagnostic difficulties. There is an urgent need to understand the cellular mechanisms underlying the heterogeneity and overlap among the subtypes, and explore the subtype-specific diagnostic biomarkers. Methods The tumor tissue and the adjacent normal tissue from the 6 most common types of SGTs were processed for organoid culture which only maintained tumor epithelial cells. Organoids were histologically evaluated based on phenotype markers, followed by transcriptional profiling using RNA-sequencing. The transcriptomic similarities and differences among the subtypes were analyzed by subtype consensus clustering and hierarchical clustering. Furthermore, by comparative transcriptional analysis for these 6 types of SGTs and the matched organoids, the potential diagnostic biomarkers from tumor epithelium were identified, in which two selected biomarkers were evaluated by RT-PCR and confirmed by immunohistochemistry staining using a tissue microarray. Results We generated a biobank of patient-derived organoids (PDOs) with 6 subtypes of SGTs, including 21 benign and 24 malignant SGTs. The PDOs recapitulated the morphological and transcriptional characteristics of the parental tumors. The overlap in the cell types and the heterogenous growth patterns were observed in the different subtypes of organoids. Comparing the bulk tissues, the cluster analysis of the PDOs remarkably revealed the epithelial characteristics, and visualized the intrinsic relationship among these subtypes. Finally, the exclusive biomarkers for the 6 most common types of SGTs were uncovered by comparative analysis, and PTP4A1 was demonstrated as a useful diagnostic biomarker for mucoepidermoid carcinoma. Conclusions We established the first organoid biobank with multiple subtypes of SGTs. PDOs of SGTs recapitulate the morphological and transcriptional characteristics of the original tumors, which uncovers subtype-specific biomarkers and reveals the molecular distance among the subtype of SGTs.
Toolpath planning method with constraint of cutting force fluctuation in slow tool servo turning for complex curved surface parts
Authors: Qin Fengze , Jia Zhenyuan , Li Jiawei , Ma Jianwei , Li Guanlin
Published: October 2022

Parts with the complex curved surface are commonly-used in high-end equipment. The machining quality of the complex curved surface parts is important for the property of high-end equipment. With position control of the main spindle i.e. C axis, the slow tool servo (STS) turning is a very promising technique to effectively machine complex curved surface parts. However, the turning machining quality is restricted by the cutting force fluctuation in finishing turning. Hence, the STS turning toolpath generation approach with the constraint of the cutting force fluctuation is proposed in this study. As the cutting force is proportionate to the cutting area, the cutting area for turning complex curved surfaces is analyzed and calculated. Then the functional relation between the cutting force fluctuation and the feed rate is derived. Based on the geometrical characteristic of the first revolution of toolpath, the feed rate is optimized with small cutting force fluctuation to derive the cutter contact points (CCPs) of toolpath in the cylindrical coordinate system. Then the cutter location points (CLPs) of STS turning toolpath are calculated with tool nose radius compensation. From the validation experiment results, it can be seen that the cutting force fluctuation, the profile tolerance and the surface roughness of parts are effectively reduced, and the surface roughness of the part machined with the proposed toolpath planning method is 17.625 nm. Thus, this study provides guidance for toolpath generation with constraint of the fluctuation of the cutting force in STS turning for a complex curved surface.
A Novel Flexible Carbon Fiber with Carbon Nanotubes Growing In-site to Impregnate Paraffin for Thermal Energy Application
Authors: Cheng Fei , Xu Yang , Zhang Jinheng , Wang Lin , Zhang HuanHuan , Wan Qi , Xu Shuai , Li Wanpeng , Wang Lei
Published: October 2022

Aiming at solid waste resources reuse and energy saving issue, a novel flexible paraffin/carbon fiber@carbon nanotubes (Paraffin/CF@CNTs) composite PCM was prepared in this study. In the flexible composite PCM, CNTs grow surrounding with recycled CF trunk via chemical vapor deposition to construct the fiber net-structure utilized as the supporting material, and paraffin as thermal energy storage material was absorbed into spongy CF@CNTs by vacuum impregnation methods. TG results show the paraffin/CF@CNTs composite decomposes over 215.6℃ with totally 51.9% mass loss. DSC results indicate Paraffin/CF@CNTs composite melts at 40.01 ℃ with latent heat of 81.94 Jg-1after solid-solid phase transition with 15.28 Jg-1, while the thermal conductivity of Paraffin/CF@CNTs composite (1.551 Wm-1K-1) is enhanced by 573% than that of pure paraffin. Moreover, thermal cycling measurements show the Paraffin/CF@CNTs composite PCM has adequate structure, chemical component and thermal stability even after being subjected to 300 melting/freezing cycles. In result, the novel flexible composite PCM looks promising for applications in electronic device temperature control, near-infrared stealth, smart wear and textile industry.
Geomorphological transformations and future deformation estimations of a large potential landslide in the high-order position area of Diexi, China
Authors: Liu Yue , Xu Peihua , Cao Chen , Zhang Wen , Zhao Mingyu , Zhu Kuanxing
Published: October 2022

Landslides in high-order position areas pose a serious threat to residents located below the area. Therefore, research on the evolution process and underlying dynamic mechanisms is crucial. The majority of relevant studies are based on landslides that have already occurred, however, the investigation of potential landslides is of higher value. In this study, a progressive potential landslide identification method is proposed with the application of SBAS-InSAR (Small Baseline Subset InSAR) and subsequently combined with Google Earth, GF-1 (Gaofen-1), GF-2 (Gaofen-2), ZY-3 (Ziyuan-3)and UAV (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle) imagery, and DEM (Digital elevation model) for further validation. The proposed method is employed to determine the potential landslide in Tuanjiecun by integrating the multi-period data to simultaneously analyze the evolution and mechanism of the potential landslide. The LSTM (Long Short-Term Memory) method is then adopted to predicted the evolution trend based on accumulative deformation from SBAS-InSAR. The results suggest that the Tuanjiecun potential landslide will be relatively stable in the next five years although the largest deformation increased to -238.57mm. The analyses presented here aims to identify the current stage and future development of this potential landslide in terms of the underlying mechanism and transformation, so as to provide effective guidance for disaster prevention and mitigation across the globe.
Global toolpath smoothing for CNC machining based on B-spline approximation with tool tip position adjustment
Authors: Hua Li , Huang Nuodi , Yi Bowen , Zhao Yanzheng , Zhu Limin
Published: October 2022

B-spline curve approximation is widely used for fitting linear toolpaths to improve machining quality and efficiency in CNC machining. For a high-quality smoothing method, the control of both approximation error and curve curvature needs to be considered. To reduce the maximum curve curvature while meeting the precision requirements, a B-spline approximation scheme with tool tip position adjustment is proposed in this paper. Toolpaths are first divided into several subdivisions according to the discrete curvature of each tool tip point. For subdivisions that need adjustment, tool tip positions are adjusted to minimize the maximum discrete curvature. An existed approximation method named Energy-term-incorporated Progressive and Iterative Approximation for Least Square fitting (ELSPIA) is selected and improved to fit the adjusted toolpaths and lower the chord errors. For improving the numerical stability of ELSPIA method, the way of searching appropriate foot point parameters is discussed in this paper. Deviation expansion factors of tool tip points are also defined to make the ELSPIA method suitable for fitting the adjusted toolpaths. Both simulations and experimental studies are conducted to prove that the proposed method can significantly decrease the maximum curvature of fitted B-spline curves and improve the machining efficiency without exceeding the tolerance. For example, experimental results show that for the tested butterfly and rabbit toolpaths, the proposed method can improve the machining efficiency by 2.61% and 2.37%, compared with the ELSPIA method without tool tip position adjustment.
Spontaneous and Information-induced Bursting Activities in Honeybee Hives
Authors: Doi Itsuki , Deng Weibing , Ikegami Takashi
Published: October 2022

In this study, we used a cohort population of approximately 1000 adult worker honeybees and a single queen bee in a single layer of an artificial hive to analyze how honeybee hives self-organize (i.e., how social role differentiation progresses). The temporal self-organization of the beehive was analyzed based on data obtained by tracking all the bees for a week using a “bcode” attached to their backs. We found that global synchronization of individual activities was produced, which was linked to foraging behavior and dancing. Moreover, individuals labeled as initiators of the synchronous activity have their roles determined on a weekly scale. This study demonstrates that individual bees behave in a binary manner, either quiet or excited, and their populations engage in spontaneous or informed collective bursts of activity. These collective bursts might evolve a social structure in the beehive through the opening and closing of the hive entrance.
Theoretical modeling and verification of storage time of cold box based on network method of radiation heat transfer
Authors: Fu Zhiqiang , Liu Haozhe , Duan Liying , Huang Liqiang , Wang Yan
Published: October 2022

The storage time of cold box is an important subject. At present, the research method of the storage time is mainly experiment, and the theoretical research is incomplete. Therefore, in this work, a theoretical modeling combined with a network method of radiation heat transfer, shape factor of heat conduction, and sensible heat of refrigerant was proposed to calculate the storage time of a cold box at various ambient temperatures and amounts of refrigerant. The experimental and simulation results were used to verify the theoretical modeling of the storage time. The influences of sensible heat of refrigerant and radiation heat transfer in the cold box were analyzed. The stability of the theoretical modeling was studied via simulation of the different cold box and refrigerant materials. The results of the accuracy of theoretical model confirmed that the maximum error between the theoretical and the experimental storage times is 8.45%, and error between the theoretical and the simulation results is 7.51%, indicating that the sensible heat of refrigerant and radiation heat transfer have big impacts on the storage time. The stability of theoretical model is confirmed under different box and refrigerant materials. The storage time model has stability on different box materials and refrigerant materials. The theoretical model can be severed as a fundamentally guidance for the cold box production design.
Microclimate Related Ecosystem Services Provided by Street Trees in the Urban Areas: A Case Study of Kayseri
Authors: Tırnakçı Aslıhan , Yücekaya Murat
Published: October 2022

With rapidly increasing urbanization, natural ecosystems are disappearing and the environmental quality of cities is deteriorating. Trees, known as function of ecosystem, are an important component of urban green infrastructure systems. Trees have an important function in reducing the environmental problems caused by urbanization in urban areas. Considered as an element of urban design, trees have come to the fore in recent years with a series of tangible and intangible benefits to the citizens and the urban ecosystem. Climatic research also has an important place among regulatory ecosystem services. In the light of this information, the microclimatic contribution of avenue trees needed to be determined within the framework of regulatory ecosystem services. Climatic simulations were carried out with ENVI-met software on six different main arterial roads that constitute the main transportation network of Kayseri, and the climate regulatory effect of avenue trees was revealed at street scale. As a result of the study, it was observed that the average temperature was 30°C, the average radiation temperature was 15°C, the wind speed was 0.5m/s, and the humidity increased by 10% on average on the roads with high vegetation.
Healthcare seeking experience during medulloblastoma treatment: Parent’s conflict and expectation
Authors: Lu Pengwei , - Raynald , Tian Yongji , Zhao rui , Zhu Ruifang , Fan Yanzhu
Published: October 2022

Background:Survivors and their families may face significant challenges as a result of the short- and long-term sequelae of pediatric brain tumours and treatment. There is a lack of clarity regarding whether existing approaches adequately address the needs of parent caregivers. Using a semistructured interview guide, we aimed to identify ways to further support the treatment of medulloblastoma.Methods:A qualitative exploratory study was conducted at an academic pediatric hospital in China. A total of 15 parents of children with medulloblastoma aged 3-14 years participated in this study. A semi-structured interview guide was used to interview eligible participants, which lasted approximately 30 to 40 minutes. We transcribed the interviews verbatim and used thematic analysis to identify factors related to the conflict and expectations of the parents.Results:Parents have outlined a number of difficulties they have encountered while seeking treatment, including delayed diagnoses, advanced disease at the time of presentation, a lack of effective multidisciplinary care, and an economic burden. Consequently, the families have a number of expectations regarding health services, social services, and economic support in order to reduce these burdens. It is expected that they will be able to communicate more effectively with their healthcare providers, which is very important to staying engaged in their treatment.Conclusion:Parents often encounter various difficulties during treatment courses, resulting in heavy economic and social burdens. The establishment of a diverse support network is recommended to ensure that the needs of patients are met in terms of medical care, family, social organizations, etc.
The correlation between glucose-lipid metabolism and blood-lipid ratio in first trimester and large-for-gestational-age infants
Authors: Wang Zixuan , Guo Yanwei , Peng Yaru
Published: October 2022

Background
To investigate the correlation between maternal glucose and lipid metabolism indexes and blood-lipid ratio in the first trimester and large-for- gestational-age (LGA) infants.
Methods
Women in the first trimester of pregnancy who underwent regular obstetric examination in the obstetric outpatient department of the Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical College from June 2018 to March 2019 and were scheduled to give birth in our hospital were included as the research subjects according to the standard. The basic information was collected through questionnaires at the first visit of pregnant women, including early fasting blood glucose (FBG), fasting insulin (FINS), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), triglyceride (TG), total Cholesterol (TC), apolipoprotein A1 (APO-A1), apolipoprotein B (APO-B), lipoprotein a (LP(a)), LDL/HDL, TG/HDL, TC/HDL, APO-B/APO-A1 ratio, birth weight of newborns, gestational age at delivery and other information.
Results
A total of 418 cases were finally included for analysis. The incidence rate of LGA infants was 13.88%, and the incidence of small-for-gestational-age (SGA) infants was 4.78%. In univariate analysis, the age, pre-pregnancy BMI, weight gain during pregnancy, APO-B/APO-A1 between LGA group and appropriate-for-gestational-age (AGA) group were significantly different (P < 0.05); multivariate stepwise logistic regression analysis indicated that the correlation between maternal age, pre-pregnancy BMI, weight gain during pregnancy, APO-B/APO-A1 level and LGA was statistically significant (P < 0.05); compared with the reference range of APO-B/APO-A1 of 0.46–0.65, values < 0.46 and > 0.65 were protective factor of LGA (P < 0.05).
Conclusion
Maternal age, pre-pregnancy BMI, weight gain during pregnancy, and APO-B/APO-A1 levels in first trimester are significant factors influencing LGA infants.