bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis of Green Traffic Development in Zhoushan Based on Entropy Weight TOPSIS
Authors: Shen Zuiyi , Zhao Qianqian , Fang Qimin
Published: July 2021

Green transportation is a kind of urban transportation system with low pollution and multiple urban environments. At present, the development of green transportation in China is progressing and gradually occupying a relatively important position. In order to understand the development of green transportation in China, based on the concept of green transportation, this paper analyzes the development of green transportation in Zhoushan as an example, and selects the data from three aspects: basic indicators, means of transportation and road construction in Zhoushan City. The entropy weight method is used to determine the entropy value and weight of each index, and the index evaluation system is established. In addition, the ideal solution method was used to calculate the relative closeness degree to analyze the development of green transportation in Zhoushan city from 2016 to 2018. According to the relative proximity degree calculation data, it can be shown that the calculation value of 2017 is larger than that of 2018. The results show that the development of green transportation in Zhoushan in 2017 is the best, followed by 2018. The above results help to understand the current development status of Zhoushan green transportation, further understand the existing problems and the important factors affecting the development of Zhoushan green transportation. In order to promote the development of urban green transportation in China, suggestions are put forward on the basis of the analysis of the development of Zhousan’s green transportation to promote the development of green transportation in Zhoushan from four aspects: strengthening the construction of urban road transportation system, optimizing transportation, improving the infrastructure of new energy vehicles and promoting the concept of green transportation.
Circuit Complexity from Cosmological Islands
Authors: Choudhury Sayantan , Chowdhury Satyaki , Gupta Nitin , Mishara Anurag , Selvam Sachin Panneer , Panda Sudhakar , Pasquino Gabriel D. , Singha Chiranjeeb , Swain Abinash
Published: July 2021

Recently, in various theoretical works, path-breaking progress has been made in recovering the well-known page curve of an evaporating black hole with quantum extremal islands, proposed to solve the long-standing black hole information loss problem related to the unitarity issue. Motivated by this concept, in this paper, we study cosmological circuit complexity in the presence (or absence) of quantum extremal islands in negative (or positive) cosmological constant with radiation in the background of Friedmann-Lemai^tre-Robertson-Walker (FLRW) space-time, i.e., the presence and absence of islands in anti de Sitter and the de Sitter space-time having SO(2, 3) and SO(1, 4) isometries, respectively. Without using any explicit details of any gravity model, we study the behavior of the circuit complexity function with respect to the dynamical cosmological solution for the scale factors for the above mentioned two situations in FLRW space-time using squeezed state formalism. By studying the cosmological circuit complexity, out-of-time ordered correlators, and entanglement entropy of the modes of the squeezed state, in different parameter space, we conclude the non-universality of these measures. Their remarkably different features in the different parameter space suggests their dependence on the parameters of the model under consideration.
Invariant Scalar Product and Associated Structures for Tachyonic Klein–Gordon Equation and Helmholtz Equation
Authors: López-Ruiz Francisco F. , Guerrero Julio , Aldaya Victor
Published: July 2021

Although describing very different physical systems, both the Klein–Gordon equation for tachyons (m2<0) and the Helmholtz equation share a remarkable property: a unitary and irreducible representation of the corresponding invariance group on a suitable subspace of solutions is only achieved if a non-local scalar product is defined. Then, a subset of oscillatory solutions of the Helmholtz equation supports a unirrep of the Euclidean group, and a subset of oscillatory solutions of the Klein–Gordon equation with m2<0 supports the scalar tachyonic representation of the Poincaré group. As a consequence, these systems also share similar structures, such as certain singularized solutions and projectors on the representation spaces, but they must be treated carefully in each case. We analyze differences and analogies, compare both equations with the conventional m2>0 Klein–Gordon equation, and provide a unified framework for the scalar products of the three equations.
Non-Coding RNAs and Reactive Oxygen Species–Symmetric Players of the Pathogenesis Associated with Bacterial and Viral Infections
Authors: Milhem Zaki , Chiroi Paul , Nutu Andreea , Ilea Maximilian , Lupse Mihaela , Zanoaga Oana , Berindan-Neagoe Ioana
Published: July 2021

Infections can be triggered by a wide range of pathogens. However, there are few strains of bacteria that cause illness, but some are quite life-threatening. Likewise, viral infections are responsible for many human diseases, usually characterized by high contagiousness. Hence, as bacterial and viral infections can both cause similar symptoms, it can be difficult to determine the exact cause of a specific infection, and this limitation is critical. However, recent scientific advances have geared us up with the proper tools required for better diagnoses. Recent discoveries have confirmed the involvement of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) in regulating the pathogenesis of certain bacterial or viral infections. Moreover, the presence of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is also known as a common infection trait that can be used to achieve a more complete description of such pathogen-driven conditions. Thus, this opens further research opportunities, allowing scientists to explore infection-associated genetic patterns and develop better diagnosis and treatment methods. Therefore, the aim of this review is to summarize the current knowledge of the implication of ncRNAs and ROS in bacterial and viral infections, with great emphasis on their symmetry but, also, on their main differences.
Canonical Correlations and Nonlinear Dependencies
Authors: Loperfido Nicola Maria Rinaldo
Published: July 2021

Canonical correlation analysis (CCA) is the default method for investigating the linear dependence structure between two random vectors, but it might not detect nonlinear dependencies. This paper models the nonlinear dependencies between two random vectors by the perturbed independence distribution, a multivariate semiparametric model where CCA provides an insight into their nonlinear dependence structure. The paper also investigates some of its probabilistic and inferential properties, including marginal and conditional distributions, nonlinear transformations, maximum likelihood estimation and independence testing. Perturbed independence distributions are closely related to skew-symmetric ones.
Effect of Different Species of Prorocentrum Genus on the Japanese Oyster Crassostrea gigas Proteomic Profile
Authors: Matus Hernández Miguel Angel , Hernández Saavedra Norma Yolanda
Published: July 2021

This paper assesses the effects of exposure to toxic concentrations (1200 to 6000 cells/mL) of the dinoflagellates Prorocentrum lima, Prorocentrum minimum, and Prorocentrum rhathymum and several concentrations of aqueous and organic extracts obtained from the same species (0 to 20 parts per thousand) on the Crassostrea gigas (5–7 mm) proteomic profile. Through comparative proteomic map analyses, several protein spots were detected with different expression levels, of which eight were selected to be identified by liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) analyses. The proteomic response suggests that, after 72 h of exposure to whole cells, the biological functions of C. gigas affected proteins in the immune system, stress response, contractile systems and cytoskeletal activities. The exposure to organic and aqueous extracts mainly showed effects on protein expressions in muscle contraction and cytoskeleton morphology. These results enrich the knowledge on early bivalve developmental stages. Therefore, they may be considered a solid base for new bioassays and/or generation of specific analytical tools that allow for some of the main effects of algal proliferation phenomena on bivalve mollusk development to be monitored, characterized and elucidated.
Antidepressant-Like Properties of Intrastriatal Botulinum Neurotoxin-A Injection in a Unilateral 6-OHDA Rat Model of Parkinson’s Disease
Authors: Antipova Veronica , Holzmann Carsten , Hawlitschka Alexander , Witt Martin , Wree Andreas
Published: July 2021

Parkinson’s patients often suffer from depression and anxiety, for which there are no optimal treatments. Hemiparkinsonian (hemi-PD) rats were used to test whether intrastriatal Botulinum neurotoxin-A (BoNT-A) application could also have antidepressant-like properties in addition to the known improvement of motor performance. To quantify depression- and anxiety-like behavior, the forced swim test, tail suspension test, open field test, and elevated plus maze test were applied to hemi-PD rats injected with BoNT-A or vehicle. Furthermore, we correlated the results in the forced swim test, open field test, and elevated plus maze test with the rotational behavior induced by apomorphine and amphetamine. Hemi-PD rats did not show significant anxiety-like behavior as compared with Sham 6-OHDA- + Sham BoNT-A-injected as well as with non-injected rats. However, hemi-PD rats demonstrated increased depression-like behaviors compared with Sham- or non-injected rats; this was seen by increased struggling frequency and increased immobility frequency. Hemi-PD rats intrastriatally injected with BoNT-A exhibited reduced depression-like behavior compared with the respective vehicle-receiving hemi-PD animals. The significant effects of intrastriatally applied BoNT-A seen in the forced swim test are reminiscent of those found after various antidepressant drug therapies. Our data correspond with the efficacy of BoNT-A treatment of glabellar frown lines in treating patients with major depression and suggest that also intrastriatal injected BoNT-A may have some antidepressant-like effect on hemi-PD.
Antibiotic Use in a Municipal Veterinary Clinic in Ghana
Authors: Adeapena Wisdom , Afari-Asiedu Samuel , Najjemba Robinah , Griensven Johan van , Delamou Alexandre , Ohene Buabeng Kwame , Poku Asante Kwaku
Published: July 2021

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a threat to public health, impacting both human and animal health as well as the economy. This study sought to describe antibiotic prescription practices and use in the Kintampo North Municipal Veterinary Clinic in Ghana using routinely collected data. Of the 513 animals presented for care between 2013 and 2019, the most common animals were dogs (71.9%), goats (13.1%), and sheep (11.1%). Antibiotics were prescribed for 273/513 (53.2%) of the animals. Tetracycline was the most commonly prescribed class of antibiotics, (99.6%). Of the 273 animals that received antibiotics, the route of administration was not documented in 68.9%, and antibiotic doses were missing in the treatment records in 37.7%. Details of the antibiotic regimen and the medical conditions diagnosed were often not recorded (52.8%). This study recommends appropriate documentation to enable continuous audit of antibiotic prescription practice and to improve quality of use. There is also the need for a national survey on antibiotic prescribtion and use in animal health to support policy implementation and decision making in One-Health in Ghana.
Viral Load and Patterns of SARS-CoV-2 Dissemination to the Lungs, Mediastinal Lymph Nodes, and Spleen of Patients with COVID-19 Associated Lymphopenia
Authors: Abdullaev Adhamjon , Odilov Akmaljon , Ershler Maxim , Volkov Alexey , Lipina Tatiana , Gasanova Tatiana , Lebedin Yuri , Babichenko Igor , Sudarikov Andrey
Published: July 2021

Lymphopenia is a frequent hematological manifestation, associated with a severe course of COVID-19, with an insufficiently understood pathogenesis. We present molecular genetic immunohistochemical, and electron microscopic data on SARS-CoV-2 dissemination and viral load (VL) in lungs, mediastinum lymph nodes, and the spleen of 36 patients who died from COVID-19. Lymphopenia <1 × 109/L was observed in 23 of 36 (63.8%) patients. In 12 of 36 cases (33%) SARS-CoV-2 was found in lung tissues only with a median VL of 239 copies (range 18–1952) SARS-CoV-2 cDNA per 100 copies of ABL1. Histomorphological changes corresponding to bronchopneumonia and the proliferative phase of DAD were observed in these cases. SARS-CoV-2 dissemination into the lungs, lymph nodes, and spleen was detected in 23 of 36 patients (58.4%) and was associated with the exudative phase of DAD in most of these cases. The median VL in the lungs was 12,116 copies (range 810–250281), lymph nodes—832 copies (range 96–11586), and spleen—71.5 copies (range 0–2899). SARS-CoV-2 in all cases belonged to the 19A strain. A immunohistochemical study revealed SARS-CoV-2 proteins in pneumocytes, alveolar macrophages, and bronchiolar epithelial cells in lung tissue, sinus histiocytes of lymph nodes, as well as cells of the Billroth pulp cords and spleen capsule. SARS-CoV-2 particles were detected by transmission electron microscopy in the cytoplasm of the endothelial cell, macrophages, and lymphocytes. The infection of lymphocytes with SARS-CoV-2 that we discovered for the first time may indicate a possible link between lymphopenia and SARS-CoV-2-mediated cytotoxic effect.
Vimentin as a Cap of Invisibility: Proposed Role of Vimentin in Rabbit Hemorrhagic Disease Virus (RHDV) Infection
Authors: Blatkiewicz Małgorzata , Hukowska-Szematowicz Beata
Published: July 2021

Vimentin is an intermediate filament, a cytoskeleton protein expressed mainly in cells of mesenchymal origin. Increasing evidence indicates that vimentin could play a key role in viral infections. Therefore, changes in tissue and extracellular vimentin expression and associated signal trails may determine/protect the fate of cells and the progression of disease caused by viral infection. Rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus (RHDV), genotype GI.1, is an etiological agent that causes a severe and highly lethal disease—RHD (rabbit hemorrhagic disease). This article evaluates the gene and protein expression of vimentin in the tissues (liver, lungs, spleen, and kidneys) and serum of rabbits experimentally infected with two RHDV variants (GI.1a). The VIM mRNA expression levels in the tissues were determined using reverse transcription quantitative real-time PCR (RT-qPCR). In addition, the amount of vimentin protein in the serum was analyzed by an ELISA test. We observed significantly elevated expression levels of VIM mRNA and protein in the liver and kidney tissues of infected rather than healthy rabbits. In addition, VIM mRNA expression was increased in the lung tissues; meanwhile, we observed only protein-enhanced vimentin in the spleen. The obtained results are significant and promising, as they indicate the role of vimentin in RHDV infection and the course of RHD. The role of vimentin in RHDV infection could potentially rely on the one hand, on creating a cap of invisibility against the intracellular viral spread, or, on the other hand, after the damage of cells, vimentin could act as a signal of tissue damage.
Vaccine Candidates for the Control and Prevention of the Sexually Transmitted Disease Gonorrhea
Authors: Haese Ethan C. , Thai Van C. , Kahler Charlene M.
Published: July 2021

The World Health Organization (WHO) has placed N. gonorrhoeae on the global priority list of antimicrobial resistant pathogens and is urgently seeking the development of new intervention strategies. N. gonorrhoeae causes 86.9 million cases globally per annum. The effects of gonococcal disease are seen predominantly in women and children and especially in the Australian Indigenous community. While economic modelling suggests that this infection alone may directly cost the USA health care system USD 11.0–20.6 billion, indirect costs associated with adverse disease and pregnancy outcomes, disease prevention, and productivity loss, mean that the overall effect of the disease is far greater still. In this review, we summate the current progress towards the development of a gonorrhea vaccine and describe the clinical trials being undertaken in Australia to assess the efficacy of the current formulation of Bexsero® in controlling disease.
Retrieving Surface Soil Moisture over Wheat-Covered Areas Using Data from Sentinel-1 and Sentinel-2
Authors: Li Yan , Zhang Chengcai , Heng Weidong
Published: July 2021

Surface soil moisture (SSM) is a major factor that affects crop growth. Combined microwave and optical data have been widely used to improve the accuracy of SSM retrievals. However, the influence of vegetation indices derived from the red-edge spectral bands of multi-spectral optical data on retrieval accuracy has not been sufficiently analyzed. In this study, we retrieved soil moisture from wheat-covered surfaces using Sentinel-1/2 data. First, a modified water cloud model (WCM) was proposed to remove the influence of vegetation from the backscattering coefficient of the radar data. The vegetation fraction (FV) was then introduced in this WCM, and the vegetation water content (VWC) was calculated using a multiple linear regression model. Subsequently, the support vector regression technique was used to retrieve the SSM. This approach was validated using in situ measurements of wheat fields in Hebi, located in northern Henan Province, China. The key findings of this study are: (1) Based on vegetation indices obtained from Sentinel-2 data, the proposed VWC estimation model effectively eliminated the influence of vegetation; (2) Compared with vertical transmit and horizontal receive (VH) polarization, vertical transmit and vertical receive (VV) polarization was better for detecting changes in SSM key phenological phases of wheat; (3) The validated model indicates that the proposed approach successfully retrieved SSM in the study area using Sentinel-1 and Sentinel-2 data.
Application of SWAT Using Snow Data and Detecting Climate Change Impacts in the Mountainous Eastern Regions of Turkey
Authors: Peker Ismail , Sorman Ali
Published: July 2021

In recent years, the potential impacts of climate change on water resources and the hydrologic cycle have gained importance especially for snow-dominated mountainous basins. Within this scope, the Euphrates-Tigris Basin, a snow-fed transboundary river with several large dams, was selected to investigate the effects of changing climate on seasonal snow and runoff. In this study, two headwater basins of the Euphrates River, ranging in elevation between 1500–3500 m, were assigned and SWAT was employed as a hydrological modeling tool. Model calibration and validation were conducted in a stepwise manner for snow and runoff consecutively. For the snow routine, model parameters were adjusted using MODIS daily snow-covered area, achieving hit rates of more than 95% between MODIS and SWAT. Other model parameters were calibrated successively and later validated according to daily runoff, reaching a Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency of 0.64–0.82 in both basins. After the modeling stage, the focus was drawn to the impacts of climate change under two different climate scenarios (RCP4.5 and RCP8.5) in two 30-year projection periods (2041–2070 and 2071–2099). From the results, it is estimated that on average snow water equivalent decreases in the order of 30–39% and snow-covered days shorten by 37–43 days for the two basins until 2099. In terms of runoff, a slight reduction of at most 5% on average volume is projected but more notably, runoff center-time is expected to shift 1–2 weeks earlier by the end of the century.
Phosphorus Release from Sediments in a Raw Water Reservoir with Reduced Allochthonous Input
Authors: Zhou Bin , Fu Xujin , Wu Ben , He Jia , Vogt Rolf D. , Yu Dan , Yue Fujun , Chai Man
Published: July 2021

Following successful abatement of external nutrient sources, one must shift the focus to the role of phosphorus (P) release from sediment. This enables us to better assess the causes for sustained eutrophication in freshwater ecosystem and how to deal with this challenge. In this study, five sediment cores from the shallow YuQiao Reservoir in northern China were investigated. The reservoir serves as the main raw water source for tap water services of Tianjin megacity, with a population of 15.6 million. Sediment characteristics and P fractions were determined in order to assess the role of the sediments as the P source to the water body. The total P content (TP) in sediments was similar to what was found in catchment soils, although the P sorption capacity of sediments was 7–10 times greater than for the catchment soils. Isotherm adsorption experiments documented that when P concentration in overlying water drops below 0.032–0.070 mg L−1, depending on the site, the sediment contributes with a positive flux of P to the overlying water. Adsorbed P at different depths in the sediments is found to be released with a similarly rapid release rate during the first 20 h, though chronic release was observed mainly from the top 30 cm of the sediment core. Dredging the top 30 cm layer of the sediments will decrease the level of soluble reactive phosphate in the water being sustained by the sediment flux of P.
Simulations and Analysis of GNSS Multipath Observables for Frozen and Thawed Soil under Complex Surface Conditions
Authors: Gao Chao , Bai Weihua , Wang Zhiqiang , Wu Xuerui , Liu Lijun , Deng Nan , Xia Junming
Published: July 2021

The transition of the freeze–thaw state of the land surface soil occurs every year with the season and is closely related to the human living environment. The freezing and thawing changes of the ground surface have important effects on hydrological activities, meteorological conditions, and ecological gas dynamics. Traditional monitoring methods have their limitations. In the past two decades, the emerging GNSS-R/IR (Global Navigation Satellite System-Reflectometry/Interference Reflectometry) technology has provided a new method for monitoring the surface f state; however, fewer works have paid attention to the scattering mechanism models in the current study. In this paper, a forward GNSS multipath model suitable for a complex cold surface is developed. The dielectric constant model with different surface parameters is added. The calculation of snow layer attenuation is employed to take the snow cover into consideration. Based on the first-order radiation transfer equation model, a polarization synthesis method is used to obtain the circularly and linearly polarized vegetation specular scattering characteristics. The surface characteristics and antenna model are coupled. A more detailed forward GNSS multipath model of frozen and thawed soil under complex surface conditions is established. The model is used to simulate and analyze the forward GNSS multipath (Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR), phase and pseudorange) responses of frozen and thawed soil under complex surface conditions (soil salinity, snow and vegetation coverage). Studies have shown that when the soil changes from freezing to thawing due to the change in the phase of the water in the soil, the dielectric constant and BRCS (bi-static radar cross-section) increase, causing the increase in the amplitude of the multipath observation. The higher the salinity content, the larger the amplitude of the multipath observation. The attenuation of the snow cover and the vegetation layer will lead to the reduction of the multipath observation amplitude. For the first time, the model developed by this paper reveals the GNSS multipath observation response of frozen and thawed soil under complex surface conditions in detail, which can provide some theoretical support for subsequent experimental design and data analysis.
Signs of harm related to the grave consequences of non-payment of wages, pensions, scholarships, allowances and other payments
Authors: Kursaev A. V.
Published: July 2021

The article discusses the signs of harm that can be considered as serious consequences of non-payment of wages. The article analyzes the circumstances related to serious consequences in the legal literature and judicial practice. Proposals are made to optimize the legal and technical structure of the non-payment of wages (article 1451 of the Criminal code of the Russian Federation).
Adapting Social Security Legislation to the Conditions Spread of a New Coronavirus Infection
Authors: Istomina E. A. , Fedorova M. Yu.
Published: July 2021

Тhe article is devoted to the changes made to the legislation on social security in the context of the new coronavirus pandemic. The authors point out the problems that arise when confirming the right to social benefits, and also come to the conclusion that some of the legislative adjustments may become permanent rules of law. The need to confirm the validity of a person's right to social security is emphasized.
Recurrence after endoscopic resection of small rectal neuroendocrine tumors: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Pattarajierapan Sukit , Khomvilai Supakij
Published: July 2021

Purpose: According to the European Neuroendocrine Tumor Society consensus guidelines, rectal neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) up to 10 mm in size and without poor prognostic factors could be safely removed with endoscopic resection, suggesting omitting surveillance colonoscopy after complete resection. However, the benefit of surveillance colonoscopy is still unknown. In this study, we aimed to report the outcomes after endoscopic resection of small rectal NETs using our surveillance protocol.Methods: This retrospective cohort study included patients who underwent endoscopic resection for rectal NETs sized up to 10 mm from January 2013 to December 2019 at our center. We excluded patients without surveillance colonoscopy and those lost to follow-up. We strictly performed surveillance colonoscopy 1 year after endoscopic resection, and every 2 to 3 years thereafter. The primary outcomes were tumor recurrence and occurrence of metachronous tumors during followup.Results: Of the 54 patients who underwent endoscopic resection for rectal NETs during the study period, 46 were enrolled in this study. The complete resection rates by endoscopic mucosal resection, precutting endoscopic mucosal resection, and endoscopic submucosal dissection were 92.3% (12 of 13), 100% (21 of 21), and 100% (12 of 12), respectively. There was no local or distant recurrence during the median follow-up of 39 months. However, we found that 8.7% (4 of 46) of patients developed metachronous NETs. All metachronous lesions were treated with precutting endoscopic mucosal resection.Conclusion: Surveillance colonoscopy is reasonable after endoscopic resection of small rectal NETs for timely detection and treatment of metachronous lesions. However, larger collaborative studies are needed to influence the guidelines.
A magyarországi tejtermelő és tejfeldolgozó vállalkozások IKT használatának elemzése
Authors: Botos Szilvia , Szilágyi Róbert , Várallyai László , Felföldi János
Published: July 2021

A tejtermelés- és feldolgozás Magyarország egyik legfontosabb agrár-élelmiszeripari szektora, 2016-ban 741 tejtermelő és 80 tejfeldolgozó vállalkozás működött. A fejlett információs rendszereknek köszönhetően a működésükről és a teljesítményükről elérhető adatok köre tágabb, pontosabb és megbízhatóbb, ami nagyon fontos, hiszen ezek elemzése kulcsfontosságú a szektorok közötti és a szektoron belüli helyzetértékeléshez. Ezek az adatok fontosak a különböző szektorok teljesítményének nyomon követésében és értékelésében. A Központi Statisztikai Hivatal (KSH) adatbázisai multidimenzionális formában is elérhetőek, míg az EMIS adatbázisából pénzügyi adatok és egyéb kiegészítő információk tölthetőek le a tejszektorban működő vállalkozások több mint feléről. Kiegészítő adatbázisként az Alkalmazott Informatika és Logisztika Intézet egy kérdőívet készített az agrár-élelmiszeripari ellátási láncban működő vállalkozások (termelés és feldolgozás) IKT (Információs és Kommunikációs Technológia) használati jellemzőinek felméréséhez. A kérdőívet 2017 utolsó negyedévében, közvéleménykutató cég közreműködésével töltötték ki vállalatok vezetői, vagy vezetőségi tagjai. A vállalkozások kiválasztása irányított mintavétellel történt a KSH adatbázisa alapján. A mintavétel alapja a vállalatok számának megoszlása vállalati méret és a NUTS-2-szintű régió szerint. Az adatbázis 500 mezőgazdasági és élelmiszeripari vállalkozásról tartalmaz adatokat (a vállalkozások közül 355 a termelési, 145 pedig a feldolgozási szektorban működik). A mintaelemszámból 38 tejszektorban működő vállalkozás (ebből 28 tejtermelő és 10 tejfeldolgozó vállalkozás). Cikkünk fő célkitűzése annak meghatározása, hogy van-e különbség az élelmiszertermelő és az élelmiszerfeldolgozó vállalkozások, illetve külön a tejtermelő és tejfeldolgozó vállalkozások között abból a szempontból, hogy hogyan értékelik az IKT eszközök fontosságát a partnerkapcsolatokban és az internetes megoldások fontosságát bizonyos vállalati tevékenységekhez. A válaszadók 5 fokozatú Likert-skálán értékelték ezeket, négy vállalati tevékenységre vonatkozóan (kommunikáció; adattárolás, adatcsere, dokumentumkészítés; logisztika; marketing). A különbségek meghatározásához független kétmintás t-próbát alkalmaztunk. Eredményeink szerint szignifikáns különbség csak a teljes mintára számítva, az élelmiszertermelők és élelmiszerfeldolgozók között van, az IKT eszközök marketingcélú használatának értékelésében. Az élelmiszerfeldolgozók kérdésre adott pontszámának átlaga szignifikánsan magasabb (Sig. (2-tailed)=0,0134) és t-érték -2,4829). A tejtermelők és a tejfeldolgozók között szignifikáns különbség nincs, azonban az IKT eszközök használatának fontosságára adott pontszámok átlaga mind a négy üzleti tevékenységre vonatkozóan magasabb a tejfeldolgozó szektor esetében.
Presentación: Cuidado y género: Reflexiones interdisciplinarias, Argentina, Brasil, Colombia y Chile, Siglo XX
Authors: Zárate Campos María Soledad
Published: July 2021

Recurriendo a una amplia bibliografía internacional y al uso de fuentes primarias como documentos oficiales, estadísticas, manuscritos inéditos, publicaciones de congresos, monografías sanitarias, fuentes orales, este dossier presenta algunas reflexiones sociohistóricas sobre cuidados, asistencia y políticas de bienestar, y casos de estudio referidos a profesiones, género y cuidados para Argentina, Brasil, Colombia y Chile.
Crisis social y de la organización social de los cuidados en Chile
Authors: Arriagada Irma
Published: July 2021

En este texto se describe brevemente la evolución de las políticas sociales relativas al cuidado, para lo cual se recopila y analiza la legislación relativa a la protección de la maternidad, de la niñez, de la vejez y de la discapacidad en tres períodos históricos: 1924-1973; 1973-1990 y 1990-2020. Luego se analizan los factores estructurales que se encuentran en la base de la crisis del modelo de organización social del cuidado en Chile, y finalmente se muestran los actores que cubren las necesidades de cuidados remunerados y no pagados del sector público y privado. Se sostiene que en Chile, las últimas crisis sociales y sanitarias representan un punto de inflexión que muestra la indudable importancia del cuidado en la reproducción social y en el bienestar de la población, así como los límites de este modelo de organización social chileno de los cuidados estratificado por clase y género.
Territorio-Estado. La explotación del petróleo en un espacio nacional. Neuquén, 1918-1955
Authors: Favaro Orietta
Published: July 2021

El objetivo del trabajo es aportar una serie de reflexiones sobre la explotación del petróleo en Neuquén, entre 1918 y 1955, en el marco de la modalidad intervencionista que desarrolló el Estado nacional en este espacio territoriano. La contribución se orienta a señalar que el petróleo neuquino –a pesar de ser escaso en los años de referencia– se incorporó al área atlántico/exportadora desde la década de 1920. El cambio de territorio (1884) a provincia (1955) no fue la razón principal que provocó la integración de Neuquén al mercado nacional ni la convirtió en una provincia hidrocarburífera. En este orden, la propuesta apunta a plantear que la modificación de una forma jurídica política no conllevó automáticamente a la variación de la estructura económica o productiva de Neuquén. Que un espacio subnacional se convirtiera en hidrocarburífero fue consecuencia de cuestiones tales como el hallazgo de nuevos yacimientos de petróleo y gas –en los años 1970–, políticas estatales (nacionales o provinciales), labor de la empresa Yacimientos Petrolíferos Fiscales (YPF), volúmenes de explotación del recurso, industrialización local y nacional y accionar de las empresas privadas. La conversión de Neuquén en provincia no modificó estructuralmente su incipiente matriz productiva, entendida como un sistema de relaciones sociales de producción que operaba sobre un territorio con configuración política estatal, sí cambió el receptor de las regalías.
Macro-level road network evaluation by fuzzy signature rule bases
Authors: Mikulai Gergely Cs. , Kóczy László T.
Published: July 2021

In our fast-growing world, we need to create increasingly efficient systems to ensure further growth and sustainability. This also applies to transportation, where a key limitation is the bottle-necks of road network capacity. To eliminate, or at least, to moderate these bottlenecks, they must first be localised. In this case study, a model is proposed to objectively identify the weak points of the road infrastructure in the Western Hungarian region, a typical part of the Hungarian road net-work, based on automated data input. This way, there is no need to visually analyse the road net-work on site, but it is possible to evaluate the available information and suggest efficient measures from the distance. The model is suitable for general application, meaning it can serve other regions or countries as well, and enables macro-level decision-makers to take steps to eliminate those weak points. A fuzzy signature rule base is applied by the authors, which systematically maps and models the various attributes of the road network. The model currently contains more than 20 independent variables as inputs, but they can be easily expanded or replaced if further inputs need to be included.
Information and Legal Resources in Social Work: New Technological Challenges
Authors: Pleshakov I. N. , Seleznev V. D. , Khomutova N. N.
Published: July 2021

The article examines information resources and legal support in social work, taking into account changes in the parameters of interaction between social services and recipients of social services. Digitalization in the field of social services is causing changes in the forms of interaction between subjects and between subjects and information. In this regard, the issues of the regulatory framework are being rethought again. With the advent of a new methodology for achieving the parameters of the “knowledge society”, the effectiveness of social services for the population is increasing. At the same time, there is a risk of potential threats to human rights, information security, and the preservation of the model of humanism as the basis for constructing practices in the social sphere. Timely legal decisions and civic engagement will help not only to provide an adequate response to new challenges, but will also contribute to the deep modernization of the social sphere.
Management of Communication Policy of the University
Authors: Yumasheva I. A. , Alemanova G. D. , Torgunakova E. V.
Published: July 2021

The article presents the theoretic and methodological foundations of the management of communication policy of the modern university. The article also presents the results of the study of the processes of management of internal and external communications of the university in modern market conditions. Based on the results of the study, a model of strategic communications management of the university with key target audiences is presented.
On the Dangers of Consuming Products Containing Nicotine and the Ban on Its Distribution
Authors: Shul’gina E. V.
Published: July 2021

The article is devoted to the study of the peculiarities of the spread of snus consumption in the Russian Federation from the 2000s to the present time in order to form a general understanding of this problem and develop relevant effective measures to combat it. A secondary analysis of the specialized literature and a review of the existing statistical data on the problem is made. The content analysis of the information segment of the Internet devoted to the studied products was carried out. According to the results of the work, conclusions were obtained that allow us to state the relevance of the problem of snus consumption and its analogues today.
Problems of Intergeneration Interaction in Commercial Organizations and Ways of Their Solution
Authors: Levitskaya A. N.
Published: July 2021

One of the key problems in the functioning of any commercial organization, regardless of its size, its type of activity and the number of personnel, is the problem of interaction between various social groups. This problem can arise in mutual understanding between managers and subordinates, between employees of various divisions of companies, in the form of competition between employees of one department, but this problem is most clearly manifested in the interaction of employees belonging to different generations. Moreover, as the research experience shows, the problem of intergenerational interaction now has the character of a clash of worldviews — digital and postindustrial. This article will consider the features of representatives of different generations who work together in a commercial organization and propose methods for resolving contradictions that arise in the process of this activity, formulated through the study of the views of representatives of several generations. In conclusion, the author will offer to the audience his judgments about such modern trends in human resource management as a selfdeveloping organization and assessments.
A Non-Convex Optimization Framework for Large-Scale Low-rank Matrix Factorization
Authors: Hafshejani Sajad Fathi , Vahidian Saeed , Moaberfard Zahra , Lin Bill
Published: July 2021

Low-rank matrix factorization problems such as non negative matrix factorization (NMF) can be categorized as a clustering or dimension reduction technique. The latter denotes techniques designed to find representations of some high dimensional dataset in a lower dimensional manifold without a significant loss of information. If such a representation exists, the features ought to contain the most relevant features of the dataset. Many linear dimensionality reduction techniques can be formulated as a matrix factorization. In this paper, we combine the conjugate gradient (CG) method with the Barzilai and Borwein (BB) gradient method, and propose a BB scaling CG method for NMF problems. The new method does not require to compute and store matrices associated with Hessian of the objective functions. Moreover, adopting a suitable BB step size along with a proper nonmonotone strategy which comes by the size convex parameter $\eta_k$, results in a new algorithm that can significantly improve the CPU time, efficiency, the number of function evaluation. Convergence result is established and numerical comparisons of methods on both synthetic and real-world datasets show that the proposed method is efficient in comparison with existing methods and demonstrate the superiority of our algorithms.
Remote Vascular Interventional Surgery Robotics: A Review
Authors: Mei Ziyang
Published: July 2021

Interventional doctors are exposed to radiation
hazards during the operation and endure high work intensity.
Remote vascular interventional surgery robotics is a hot research
field that can not only protect the health of interventional doctors,
but also improve accuracy and efficiency of surgeries. However,
the current vascular interventional robots still have many
shortcomings to be improved. This article introduces the
mechanical structure characteristics of various fields of vascular
interventional therapy surgical robots, discusses the current key
features of vascular interventional surgical robotics in force
sensing, haptic feedback, and control methods, summarizes
current frontiers about autonomous surgery, long geographic
distances remote surgery and MRI-compatible structures. Finally,
combined with the current research status of vascular
interventional surgery robots, this article analyzes the
development directions and puts forward a vision for the future
vascular interventional surgery robots.
FDTD Computation of Space/Time Integrated Electromagnetic Lagrangian: New Insights into Design of Mutually Coupled Antennas
Authors: Sarkar Debdeep , Antar Yahia
Published: July 2021

In this paper, we develop a formalism based on electromagnetic Lagrangian which provides new insights about the near-field reactive energy density around generic antennas for arbitrary spatio-temporal excitation signals. Using electric and magnetic fields calculated via FDTD technique and interpolation routines, we compute the EM Lagrangian density around antennas (thin-wire dipoles and Yagi-Uda Arrays). Spatial maps of time-integrated EM Lagrangian density sheds light onto the capacitive/inductive nature of reactive energy density distribution around antennas and highlight its inherent connection with inter-element mutual coupling.
Zingerone Alleviates Myocardial Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury
Authors: Luo Fanglin , Luo Shunxiang , Wu Yanqing
Published: July 2021

Using a rat model, we have explored the underlying mechanism of ischemia/reperfusion (I/R)-mediated myocardial infarction and assessed the protective potential of zingerone. The results show that zingerone exhibits not only the myocardial protective effect, but also antioxidative and anti-inflammatory effects by suppression of markers of oxidation and proinflammatory cytokine release. Zingerone promotes protective effects against I/R-induced myocardial infarction by regulating Nrf2/HO-1 and NF-κB signaling pathways. These findings provide novel insights into the effects of zingerone on the cardioprotective mechanism of myocardial injury after I/R and may open new avenues for myocardial infarction treatment.
Inteligência artificial fraca e força bruta computacional
Authors: Quaresma Alexandre
Published: July 2021

The purpose of this essay is to reflect critically on the current condition of our most modern artificial intelligence systems, their latent potentials, their technical possibilities, and also on their intrinsic structural and functional limitations. For this, we will take as an emblematic example of this time the new GPT-3 from OpenAI, which is a powerful specialist artificial intelligence system, therefore, a system designed and used according to the weak theory of AI, which is nothing more than a model of relatively complex artificial verbal language, structurally forged with 175 billion parameters and variables.
Hubungan Antara Kelelahan dan Keluhan Fisik Berdasarkan Jenis Kelamin Pada Pekerja Pengalengan Ikan
Authors: Sm Eni Karyati , Junus Stella , Hasanuddin Hasanuddin
Published: July 2021

Pekerjaan yang dilakukan tenaga kerja pada salah satu bagian produksi perusahaan pengalengan ikan dalam keadaan berdiri dengan aktifitas yang bersifat monoton dan membutuhkan ketelitian serta konsentrasi, dapat memberikan rasa jenuh bosan dan cepat lelah pada pekerja yang dapat berujung pada timbulnya kelelahan serta dapat memberikan resiko keluhan otot. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat kelelahan kerja berdasarkan swedish occupational fatigue inventory (SOFI) serta mengetahui keluhan secara fisik yang dirasakan tenaga kerja pada salah satu bagian produksi industri pengalengan ikan menggunakan questionnaire nordic body map (QNBM) dan mengetahui korelasi keduanya. Hasil pengumpulan data menunjukkan bahwa tenaga kerja memiliki resiko kelelahan sedang dengan adanya keluhan yang dirasakan tenaga kerja. Hasil perhitungan korelasi menunjukkan bahwa kelelahan dan keluhan secara fisik memiliki hubungan yang kuat, baik yang dirasakan oleh tenaga tenaga kerja laki-laki maupun tenaga kerja perempuan dengan nilai koefisien korelasi yang diperoleh sebesar 0,799 dan 0,982.
APONTAMENTOS SOBRE RAÇA, IDENTIDADES E ENUNCIAÇÃO DA DIFERENÇA
Authors: Penteado Júnior Wilson Rogério
Published: July 2021

O presente ensaio busca articular a discussão sobre identidade e a noção de raça, investindo na compreensão da complexidade desses termos quando colocados em relação. Se, como se sabe, a raça não pode ser entendida como um dado explicativo da natureza, sendo, portanto, um construto social, há que se pensar sobre ele. O que fazer com a noção de raça, mola propulsora do racismo, tão fortemente enfatizada pelos sujeitos sociais concretos? Evidentemente, esta não é uma questão que suporte resposta imediata e nem este ensaio – como nenhum outro – teria como dar conta de questão de tamanha envergadura. No entanto, fazer apontamentos e recuperar aspectos importantes em torno da questão é um exercício sobre o qual devemos nos debruçar, ainda que a título de convite para reflexão. Admitindo as armadilhas e limites oferecidos pela noção de raça no jogo das relações de alteridade, este ensaio propõe que se pense a questão em termos de enunciação da diferença, entendendo o dilema das identidades enquanto processo político gerado em repertórios de poder.
ELZA SOARES:
Authors: César Rafael do Nascimento , Ferreira Carolina Branco de Castro , Queiroz Vitor
Published: July 2021

Este artigo propõe investigar aspectos da trajetória da cantora Elza Soares a partir das noções de autenticidade e "atrevimento" na tentativa de compreender como se deu o processo recente de consagração da artista perante as audiências brasileiras. Acreditamos haver uma "tensão produtiva" na carreira da artista resultado da disputa em torno dessas noções por parte da crítica especializada, do público e da própria cantora. Essa tensão, além de ser a força social responsável por criar e recriar formas de performatizar a feminilidade, a negritude e o seu pertencimento geracional, expressa-se na maneira como a marginalidade relativa de Elza Soares diante do cânone popular conferiu-lhe uma capacidade renovada de ressignificar sua própria trajetória. Outro efeito dessa tensão produtiva diz respeito ao relativo silenciamento acerca das marcas raciais e de gênero que teria caracterizado a carreira de outros músicos negros no Brasil. Na persona da Elza Soares, geralmente chamada de "rainha" por seus fãs, tais marcas convertem-se em recursos de ação dinamizados sob a forma tanto de escolhas estéticas quanto de convenções narrativas da trajetória da cantora. Ao invés do silêncio, a consagração de Elza Soares perante o público de hoje parece emanar da super-enunciação de sua negritude, de sua feminilidade, de sua experiência com a pobreza articuladas à geração – todas sobremarcadas mediante símbolos materializados em seu corpo e em sua história.