bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Application of Robust Software Modelling Tool for Web Attacks Detection
Authors: Rajeswari A. Mounika , Rishita Kalluri , Shriya Lanka , Ganesh Balla
Published: March 2024

Abstract: The current inquiry as an examination of web attacks where proliferation of web-based applications has brought about a concurrent rise in cyber threats, particularly the form of web attacks targeting vulnerable systems. Approaches to web attack detection often rely on rule-based or signature-based methods, which struggle to change with the increasing landscape of attacks. In response, this study proposes an innovative approach leveraging DL techniques for web attacks. By harnessing the capability of DL, especially CNN and recurrent neural networks (RNNs), our proposed system learns directly from raw web traffic data, eliminating the need for manual feature engineering. This end-to-end approach not only streamlines the detection process but also enhances the system's ability to generalize across different types of attacks and adapt to new threats. To evaluate the effectiveness of our approach, we conducted extensive experiments on diverse datasets containing both benign and malicious web traffic. Our results demonstrate the superiority of end-to-end deep learning over traditional methods, achieving higher detection accuracy and robustness against adversarial attacks. In conclusion, our study highlights the promise of end-to-end deep learning as a viable approach related to web attacks, offering enhanced detection capabilities in the phase of evolving cyber threats.
A Flipped Classroom Applied: Undergraduate Students' Perception in Mathematics
Authors: Salami Olajumoke Olayemi
Published: March 2024

This study was designed to determine undergraduate students’ perception in a flipped Applied Mathematics classroom. A survey research design was employed to measure students’ responses after a successful seven-week deployment of the flipped model of instruction delivery at a University in North Central Nigeria. An intact class of 32 students was used for the study, out of which 21 students returned the adopted Feedback Questionnaire on Flipped Classroom Activity. Analysis of the results of the study shows a positive level of students’ perception (grand mean = 2.765) and an enriched learning experience in terms of curiosity, engagement and enlightenment. Based on the findings of the study, it was recommended that teachers at all levels of mathematics education should always seek instructional approaches that are student-driven like the flipped classroom to sustain interest and improve academic performance.
Integrating the Case Studies Pedagogy and the Anthropological Theory of Didactics to Enhance the Teaching and Learning of Algebra in Undergraduate STEM Education
Authors: Díaz José Luis
Published: March 2024

Methodology case studies plays a pivotal role in STEM education, especially in teaching undergraduate algebra. This article emphasizes the power of real-world scenarios and active pedagogy, a student-centered approach that makes abstract algebraic ideas tangible. The Anthropological Theory of Didactics (ATD) is spotlighted as a perspective that treats mathematical knowledge as a cultural artifact, embedding mathematics concepts deeply within cultural and historical contexts. By comparing active pedagogy with ATD, the article unveils a compelling overlap that values the significance of context in learning. Students don't just engage actively but also delve into the cultural essence of mathematical problems, gaining a profound understanding. Addressing the hurdles undergraduates face in transitioning from high school algebra to university level, the article suggests activities that merge active pedagogy and ATD. This holistic approach has the potential to transform algebra education into a more engaging, relevant, and culturally resonant experience.
Investigating the Philosophical View of Teaching Circles Theorem
Authors: Asare Bright
Published: March 2024

Circle theorem was seen as the most challenging mathematics topic most students’ in Ghana run away from. During the WASCE, most students run away from answering mathematics questions that are in line with circle theorem. Such challenge has drawn the attention of mathematics teachers and researchers in mathematics education to find out the factors that drives students from attempting circle theorem question and the appropriate approach that can be used to teacher and to solve questions in circle theorem. The study aimed to investigate the philosophical view of teaching circle theorem. The literature review was based on ontological view of circle theorem, axiological view of circle theorem, and epistemological view of circle theorem. The study concluded that, the three philological view of mathematics has a unique significant effect on teaching and learning circle theorem.
Techniques for conservative treatment of peri-implantitis
Authors: Burlakova Lyubov A. , Dymnikov Alexander B.
Published: March 2024

Relevance. Dental implants are widely used to restore the patient’s teeth. They have become aworthy alternative to removable dentures. With the accumulation of clinical experience, the indications for dental implantation expanded, and as aresult, the evaluation of long-term results became possible. In parallel with the expansion of clinical use of dental implants and the introduction of the technology into everyday practice, the experience of complications and errors accumulated, and from single publications in the 1990s, at the very beginning of development, to large-­scale studies in the 10s. And if in the early period of implantology development the success of treatment was mainly associated with implant survival, then modern research focuses on the state of tissues around the implant, and the influence of processes in them on the overall outcome of treatment. One of the main complications is inflammation of peri-implant tissues - peri-implantitis. Modern authors define peri-implantitis as an inflammatory process affecting the tissues around afunctionally integrated implant, resulting in loss of supporting bone. Continued bone loss around the implant can significantly impair implant stability and function. The authors review the scientific literature describing experimental conservative treatment protocols for peri-implantitis and attempts to achieve osseointegration. Conclusion. The reviewed literature advocated various methods of surgical regenerative treatment for peri-implantitis, including the use of bone substitutes, methods of detoxification of implant surfaces, and the administration of antimicrobial agents. There are many different protocols for the treatment of peri-implantitis; they all share the same goal of reducing disease progression and bone loss by eliminating bacterial infection. The controversy over the proper approach to treating peri-implantitis and restoring osseointegration clearly demonstrates the need for more research to answer this question.
Predicting the development of vulvar lichen sclerosus
Authors: Kolesnikova Ekaterina V. , Zharov Alexander V. , Osipova Lyudmila K. , Dupleev Artem I.
Published: March 2024

Relevance. The issue of timely diagnosis and treatment of vulvar lichen sclerosus has become especially acute in recent years due to the “rejuvenation” of the disease and the risk of its malignancy. In this regard, it is urgent to search for effective methods for predicting and early detection of the disease. The aim of the study - to develop amodel for predicting vulvar lichen sclerosus based on established clinical and anamnestic risk factors. Materials and Methods. The prospective case-control study included 404 women aged 20 to 70 years, of which 344 were patients with vulvar lichen sclerosus and 60 were women without vulvar diseases. At the first stage, acomparative statistical correlation analysis of the clinical and anamnestic data of the subjects was carried out using the Spearman correlation coefficient (R0.15), Chi-square tests, Phi and Cramer statistics, the Mann-­Whitney U test and the Student t test (p 0.05). The data obtained were used to develop aneural network model for predicting vulvar lichen sclerosus in the second stage of the study. Results and Discussion. Based on established reliably significant (p0.05) obstetric-­gynecological, somatic, infectious, hygienic and household factors influencing the risk of developing vulvar lichen sclerosus (Rindicator - from 0.16 to 0.38 confirms the statistical significance of correlations), aneural network model for predicting vulvar lichen sclerosus was developed (the percentage of correct classification on the test sample is the maximum possible value - 100%) and acomputer program was written that automates the procedure for predicting the disease. Conclusion. The neural network model for predicting the disease, developed on the basis of reliably (p0.05) significant risk factors for vulvar lichen sclerosus, has high prognostic properties, and acomputer program written on its basis allows the doctor in amatter of minutes to identify the patient at risk for the development of vulvar lichen sclerosus and give she needs preventive recommendations aimed at preventing or early detection of the disease.
Evaluating Effectiveness of an Online LGBTQIA+ Health Course for Medical Students
Authors: Forer Reni , Harleen Anna , Neff Katherine , Glick Hannah , Patel Anuj , Blaszczak Julie
Published: March 2024

Background and Objectives: Despite the increasing number of sexual and gender minority (SGM) patients in the United States and designation by the National Institutes of Health as a population with health disparities, available tools are lacking to train medical students on appropriate care for this population. Therefore, we developed and implemented a novel, self-directed, 2-week online elective for undergraduate medical students. The objective of our study was to evaluate the effectiveness of this course in increasing medical students’ competency and confidence in caring for SGM patients.
Methods: We developed the curriculum using Kern’s six-step model for curriculum development. We created anonymous pre- and postcourse surveys using the standardized Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender Development of Clinical Skills Survey (LGBT-DOCSS) questionnaire to assess cultural competence, as well as a 5-point Likert-scored survey to assess self-perceived confidence in the care of SGM patients. We tested the statistical significance in pre- and postsurvey scores via paired sample t tests in R (R Project for Statistical Computing).
Results: We found statistically significant increases in the LGBT-DOCSS categories of clinical preparedness (P<.001), basic knowledge (P<.001), overall competency (P<.001), and self-perceived confidence in caring for SGM patients (P<.001, N=33).
Conclusions: The course represents an effective solution for increasing medical students’ self-perceived competence and confidence in caring for SGM patients. The flexibility and ease of the online format may be appealing to both students and institutions, and ultimately can serve to increase access to crucial content that is largely absent from current undergraduate medical education. Future evaluation efforts will be required to determine whether the course impacts long-term behavioral changes and outcomes.
PENGARUH EMOTIONAL COACHING KEPADA GURU UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KEMANDIRIAN EMOSI SISWA TUNALARAS DI SLB SEKOTA CIMAHI
Authors: Yuliani Wiwin , Alawiyah Tuti , Suherman Maya Masyita , Manuardi Ardian Renata
Published: March 2024

Penelitian mengenai pengaruh emotional coaching kepada guru untuk meningkatkan kemandirian emosi siswa tunalaras di SLB sekota Cimahi yang bertargetkan TKT tingkat dasar kedua yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh webinar emotional coaching kepada guru terhadap kemandirian emosi siswa tuna laras di SLB sekota Cimahi. Desain yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini berupa desain one group pre and posttest design yang menggunakan satu kelompok subjek (kasus tunggal) serta melakukan pengukuran sebelum dan sesudah pemberian perlakukan perlakuan berupa emotional coaching. Sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah 10 orang siswa tunalaras. Berdasarkan hasil uji hipotesis dengan menggunakan teknik Mann Whitney U Test, diperoleh nilai Asymp Sig sebesar 0.159 yang berarti lebih besar dari nilai signifikansi Î± 0.05. Hal ini berarti Ha ditolak dan H0 diterima, yaitu tidak terdapat perbedaan kemandirian emosi peserta didik tunalaras sebelum dan sesudah dilakukan emotional choaching.Â
Transfusional Hemosiderosis in Childhood Cancer Patients and Survivors
Authors: Baskin Jacquelyn , Carson Susan , Jaffray Julie , Freyer David , Wood John , Coates Thomas , Denton Christopher
Published: March 2024

Background: Children treated for cancer are at risk of
developing iron toxicity due to receiving red cell transfusions and
myelosuppressive chemotherapy. Transfusions administered during
prolonged episodes of marrow suppression may increase exposure to toxic,
reactive forms of iron and thereby increase risk of extrahepatic iron
accumulation and long-term organ damage. Objective: This study
aimed to evaluate the severity and organ distribution of clinically
significant iron overload through measurement of hepatic, cardiac,
pancreatic, and pituitary iron deposition in an at-risk cohort of
children and young adults treated for cancer. Methods: This
retrospective study evaluated patients treated for any type of cancer
who underwent an MRI due to clinical concern for evaluation of iron
overload (n=103, 73 post-treatment). Data regarding cancer type and
treatment, MRI and laboratory results, and treatment for iron overload
were analyzed. Results: Over half (53%) of this sample had
moderate or greater hepatic siderosis, 80% had pancreatic siderosis,
and nearly half (45%) had pituitary siderosis and/or volume loss.
Pancreatic iron was associated with both cardiac (p=0.0043) and
pituitary iron (p=0.0101). Patients treated for acute myeloid leukemia
or high-risk acute lymphoblastic leukemia had higher liver iron
concentration (LIC) compared to other cancer types (median LIC 8.5 vs.
2.9 mg/g DLW, p=0.0011). Conclusion: Pediatric cancer patients
are at risk for transfusional iron overload, with significant exposure
to toxic forms of iron indicated by extrahepatic iron deposition
(pancreas, heart and pituitary). Further studies should examine the
effect of exposure to reactive iron on long-term outcomes and develop
management recommendations.
Using the root assessment method to choose the optimal solution for mushroom cultivation
Authors: Trung Do , Duc Duong , Bao Nguyen , Thuy Duong
Published: March 2024

In this study, an investigation was conducted into two essential aspects of
mushroom cultivation. Firstly, the selection of the best type of fertilizer
out of ten different options was examined to optimize mushroom growth. The
RAM (Root Assessment Method) method was used in conjunction with five
different weighting methods to evaluate the alternatives. The research
results revealed the two most outstanding fertilizers for mushroom
cultivation. Next, the selection of the best cultivation mixture out of six
proposed options was investigated. Using the same RAM method and various
weighting methods, a unique and efficient mixture for mushroom cultivation
was identified. This study provides valuable information for farmers and
those interested in mushroom cultivation with specific and effective
solutions to improve the mushroom growing and care process.
Do Client Managers Strategically Manage Earnings in Response to Auditors’ Quantitative Materiality Threshold Disclosures?
Authors: Wellmeyer Patricia , Pincus Morton , Yao Lijie
Published: March 2024

SYNOPSIS

Expanded audit report regulation in the United Kingdom requires auditor disclosure of client-specific quantitative materiality thresholds (QMTs). The United States decided against requiring this disclosure, concerned that providing clients with visibility into this important audit input could enhance managers’ ability to manage earnings without detection. Using the U.K. setting, we investigate whether clients strategically leverage their auditors’ QMTs to increase income through undetected earnings management. We examine the association between auditor QMT and client earnings management generally and in client settings where a material qualitative factor in the form of heightened earnings management incentives exists. In our general setting, we find a positive relation between auditors’ lagged and current QMTs and clients’ current-year accruals-based earnings management. We do not find a relation in our heightened earnings management settings, however, suggesting that auditors consider qualitative materiality factors and constrain clients’ auditor QMT-based earnings management.

Data Availability: Data are available from the public sources cited in the text.

JEL Classifications: M41; M42; M48.
La intervención docente en el aprendizaje de las matemáticas en la zona norte de Colegio de Bachilleres del Estado de Sinaloa
Authors: Solís Pollorena José Cristóbal , Ramirez-Noriega Alan
Published: March 2024

Las matemáticas constituyen una de las asignaturas más importantes dentro del currículo del bachillerato en México. Sin embargo, al mismo tiempo, se observa que es la materia que más dificultades presenta para los estudiantes. Ante esta situación, es crucial que los profesores de dicha asignatura realicen intervenciones efectivas para abordar estas deficiencias, de modo que contribuyan a elevar el dominio de los conocimientos matemáticos en este nivel educativo. Por tal razón, el objetivo de la presente investigación fue describir las formas de intervención que llevan a cabo los profesores de matemáticas en el Colegio de Bachilleres del Estado de Sinaloa (COBAES) para enfrentar las dificultades de aprendizaje de los estudiantes, especialmente en la zona norte. Para ello, se adoptó un enfoque cualitativo y descriptivo, enmarcado en el paradigma etnográfico, que permitió efectuar registros de diarios de observación y entrevistas estructuradas con los profesores de matemáticas. Los resultados revelan que la intervención de esos docentes es limitada y carece de un plan definido para mejorar el rendimiento de los estudiantes en esta asignatura. Además, se identifica una gran deficiencia en los conocimientos previos (bases) de los estudiantes, lo que exige que el docente realice una doble labor: enseñar conocimientos básicos de aritmética mientras avanza con el programa de estudios. Finalmente, se halló que el recurso más utilizado por los profesores es recurrir a tutores para ayudar a los alumnos que tienen rezagos en matemáticas.
EXPERT ASSESSMENT OF COMPETENCES AND LEARNING RESULTS FOR MASTER’S ACCORDING TO HIGHER EDUCATION STANDARD IN INFORMATION AND MEASUREMENT TECHNOLOGIES
Authors:   State Enterprise “Ukrmetrteststandard”, Gordiyenko Tetyana , Pototskyi Ihor ,   State Enterprise “Ukrmetrteststandard”, Velychko Oleh ,   State Enterprise “Ukrmetrteststandard”, Ukraine, Kuzmenko Yurii ,   State Enterprise “Ukrmetrteststandard”, Salceanu Alexandru ,   Gheorghe Asachi Technical University of Iași, Romania
Published: March 2024

The purpose of this work is to analyze the learning processes at the second (master’s) level of higher education for the training of specialists in industrial engineering. To achieve the goal, an analysis was carried out and the importance of applied competencies and learning outcomes in the standard of higher education for obtaining the master’s degree in the specialty “Information and measurement technologies” was evaluated. The conducted research is based on expert assessments of scientists of the National Metrological Center of Ukraine and a higher technical education institution in one of the European countries. An algorithm for group expert assessment of the importance of competencies and learning outcomes has been proposed and substantiated, and their priority has been established. The most important competencies and learning outcomes that can significantly influence the quality of education in the specialty “Information and measurement technologies” have been determined. The identified competencies and learning outcomes with the least impact require attention, as this may indicate their formal nature. Taking into account the current trends in the development of the industry, provisions of current legislation, regulatory documents, established terminology in the field of metrology, and information and measurement technologies, experts proposed changes to the description of some competencies and learning outcomes. The results of the conducted research should be taken into account during the next revision of the standard of higher education for the preparation of masters in the specialty “Information and measurement technologies”. At the same time, special attention should be paid to those competencies and learning outcomes that, according to experts, have the least impact. Research findings can also be useful for universities in identifying procedures and areas for improvement that will allow for better alignment of curricula, competency acquisition, and learning outcomes.
Analysis of Mangrove Density using NDVI and Macrobenthos Diversity in Ampekale Tourism Village South Sulawesi, Indonesia
Authors: Arfan Amal , Maru Rosmini , Nyompa Sukri , Sukri Irwansyah , Juanda Muhammad Faisal
Published: March 2024

The mangrove ecosystem faces significant challenges, as its quality and quantity are threatened with decline. This study aimed to analyze the mangrove density and macrobenthos diversity in the Ampekale Ecotourism Village, Indonesia. This research utilizes remote sensing image analysis through the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) method. Complementary ground-check surveys were conducted to ascertain the density and diversity of mangrove and macrobenthos species. The overall mangrove density in the Ampekale area was relatively high, with some areas displaying moderate density. The sequence of mangrove species, from most common to least common, includes Rhizophora mucronata, Avicennia marina, Avicennia alba, Rhizophora apiculata, Sonneratia alba, Bruguiera gymnorhiza, and Acanthus ilicifolius. The most prevalent macrobenthos belong to the Crustacea class, such as Uca sp., Sesarma, Metaplax sp., and Scylla serrata. Moreover, the most diverse macrobenthos belong to the Gastropods class. The distribution of this biodiversity depends on their location (coastal or inland), tidal fluctuations, and river estuaries. Mangrove ecosystems situated in estuaries with high densities exhibited elevated macrobenthos abundance. This correlation suggests that areas characterized by dense mangroves also harbor stable ecosystem conditions with abundant macrobenthos. In contrast, ecosystems featuring lower biodiversity demonstrated reduced stability. These findings contribute valuable insights into the conservation and sustainability of mangrove ecosystems.
Keywords: ecotourism, macrobenthos, mangrove density, mangrove ecosystem, NDVI
Globalization and China’s development path
Authors: Albrow Martin , JIN Wei
Published: March 2024

This interview was conducted in 2018 when Professor JIN Wei was a Visiting Fellow at the King’s College London.
Ginekologi Kosmetik dari Paradigma Uroginekologi-Rekonstruksi
Authors: Purwara Benny Hasan
Published: March 2024

Sebagai spesialis uroginekologi, kami adalah spesialis yang menangani perubahan fungsional dan anatomi dasar panggul perempan sebagai akibat proses persalinan, penuaan, dan faktor lainnya. Banyak dari pasien kami yang ditemui setiap hari, juga mengeluhkan perubahan fungsi seksual dan penampilan estetika genital. Oleh karena itu kami  sebagai spesialis dasar panggul berkewajiban untuk memahami masalah ini dan mengatasinya atau merujuknya ke spesialis bedah yang berkualifikasi terbaik.Ginekologi Kosmetik telah menjadi salah satu subspesialisasi bedah uroginekologi elektif dengan pertumbuhan tercepat untuk perempuan dan termasuk spesialis kedalam bidang ginekologi, urologi, dan bedah plastik. Bidang minat khusus ini mencakup prosedur kosmetik untuk meningkatkan penampilan estetika daerah vulvo/vagina, serta perbaikan fungsional vagina dalam upaya  untuk meningkatkan atau membantu memulihkan fungsi seksual setelah perubahan yang mungkin terjadi setelah melahirkan dan/atau penuaan.
Phaleria Macrocarpa’s Extract Inhibits Autophagy Probably Through TNF-α in HUVEC Cell Culture
Authors: Simanjuntak Leo Jumadi , Ganis Siregar M. Fidel , Mose Johanes C. , Lumbanraja Sarma N.
Published: March 2024

Objective: This study aimed to determine the effects of Phaleria macrocarpa’s extract on TNF-α and LC3-II level and their correlation in preeclampsia-induced HUVEC. Method: This study used HUVEC culture as an in vitro model and Phaleria macrocarpa’s extract, widely used as an anti-inflammation and antioxidant.Result: Phaleria macrocarpa’s extract reduce TNF-α level siginificantly at concentration of 7.813μg/mL and at 62.5μg/mL reduce TNF-α level to normal level. There was no significant decrease and  reduction to normal level in LC3-II. TNF-α has a strong positive correlation with LC3-II (r=0.958), that reduced TNF-α level will decrease LC3-II levels, where a decrease in TNF-α level of 1pg/mL will reduce LC3-II levels by 0.413pg/mL.Conclusion: Thus, Phaleria macrocarpa’s extract might be used to overcome endothelial dysfunction and autophagy in preeclampsia.Ekstrak Phaleria macrocarpa Menghambat Otofagi Melalui TNF-α Pada Kultur Sel HUVECAbstrakTujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efek ekstrak Phaleria macrocarpa pada inflamasi dan otofagi pada sel endotel dengan mengukur kadar TNF-α dan LC3-II pada HUVEC yang diinduksi serum preeklampsia.Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan kultur HUVEC sebagai model in-vitro yang banyak digunakan untuk memelajari patogenesis preeklampsia. Phaleria macrocarpa (Scheff.) Boerl juga dikenal sebagai Mahkota Dewa secara luas digunakan sebagai anti-inflamasi dan antioksidan Hasil: Hasil menunjukkan ekstrak Phaleria macrocarpa menurunkan kadar TNF-α secara signifikan pada konsentrasi 7.813 μg/mL dan konsentrasi 62.5 μg/mL menurunkan kadar TNF-α ke kadar normal. Tidak terdapat penurunan signifikan rerata kadar LC3-II antara kontrol dan model PE dan dibutuhkan ekstrak Phaleria macrocarpa pada konsentrasi lebih dari 250 μg/mL untuk menurunkan kadar LC3-II pada model preeklamsia ke kadar hamil normal. Kadar TNF-α memiliki korelasi positif yang bermakna dengan LC3-II dengan tingkat korelasi sangat kuat (r = 0.847), dimana penurunan kadar TNF-α sebesar 1 pg/mL akan menurunkan kadar LC3-II sebesar 0.413 pg/mL.Kesimpulan: Dengan demikian, ekstrak Phaleria macrocarpa dapat digunakan untuk mengatasi disfungsi endotel dan otofagi pada preeklampsia.Kata kunci: Phaleria Macrocarpa, Preeklampsia, HUVEC, TNF-α, LC3-II
Effectiveness Curcuma Longa to Prevent Cells Damage in Early Pregnant Mice with Acute Toxoplasmosis
Authors: Simanjuntak Tigor Peniel , Hatta Mochammad , Rauf Syahrul , Tahir Andi Mardiah , Yusuf Irawan , Taslim Nurpudi Astuti , Sirait Robert Hotman , Prabandari Silvia Arin
Published: March 2024

Objective: To prove the effectiveness of Curcuma longa to prevent damage  cells  by analyzing  FOXP3 gene expression, TNF-α level, and histopathology of placental tissue.  Method: This study was conducted in 20 early pregnant mice, divided in 5 groups (K1-K5). K1-K4 were injected with  tachyzoites. K1 and K2 were intervened with Curcuma longa 125  and 500 mg/kg/day. K3 were intervened with  spiramycin  60 mg/kg/day, K4 were intervened with 0,2 distilled water, and  K5 was not injected and intervened. IgG-IgM levels, FOXP3 mRNA expression, TNF-α level was examined serially, and  placental mice were taken for histopathology examination  7 days after intervention.Result:  FOXP3 mRNA expression in K1 and K2  increased significantly 7 days after intervention compared to K4 (p < 0.05), however the increased  of  expression in two groups has no significant difference. TNF-α level in K1 and K2 decreased significantly 7 days after intervention compared to K4  (p < 0.05), however the decrease of  level in two groups has no significant difference. Hemorrhagic and necrotic cells were not found in K1 and K2, but  were found in  K3 (75%)  and K4 (100%). Conclusion: Curcuma longa 125 mg is effective to prevent cells damage in early pregnant mice with acute toxoplasmosis. Efektivitas Ekstrak Curcuma Longa Mencegah Kerusakan Sel Pada Mencit Hamil Muda dengan Toksoplasmosis Akut.AbstrakTujuan: Membuktikan efektivitas Curcuma longa  mencegah kerusakan sel dengan menganalisis ekspresi gen FOXP3, kadar TNF-α, dan histopatologi jaringan plasenta.Metode: Penelitian dilakukan pada 20 tikus hamil muda, dibagi dalam 5 kelompok (K1-K5). K1-K4 diinjeksi 10 takizoid toksoplasma intra abdominal. Tiga hari pasca injeksi takizoid, K1 dan K2 diintervensi dengan Curcuma longa 125 dan 500 mg / kg / hari. K3 diintervensi dengan spiramisin 60 mg / kg / hari, K4 diintervensi dengan 0,2 ml air suling dan K5 tidak diinjeksi dan tidak diintervensi. Kadar  IgG-IgM, ekspresi mRNA FOXP3, kadar TNF-α diperiksa secara serial  dan  plasenta tikus  diambil untuk pemeriksaan histopatologi  7 hari pasca intervensi.Hasil: Ekspresi mRNA FOXP3 pada K1 dan K2 meningkat bermakna (p< 0.05)  7 hari pasca intervensi dibandingkan dengan K4 (p <0,05), tetapi peningkatan ekspresi pada kedua kelompok tidak terdapat perbedaan bermakna. Kadar TNF-α pada K1 dan K2 menurun bermakna 7 hari pasca intervensi dibandingkan dengan K4 (p <0,05), tetapi  penurunan kadar pada dua kelompok tidak terdapat perbedaan  bermakna. Hemoragik dan nekrotik  sel tidak ditemukan pada K1 dan K2, tetapi ditemukan pada K3 (75%) dan K4 (100%).Kesimpulan: Curcuma longa 125 mg efektif untuk mencegah kerusakan sel pada tikus hamil muda dengan toksoplasmosis akut.Key words: Curcuma longa, kerusakan sel, hamil muda, gene FOXP3, TNF-α, toxoplasmosis
Pendidikan Era Pandemi COVID-19
Authors: Anwar Ruswana
Published: March 2024

Sejarah pendidikan profesi kedokteran melalui proses yang panjang dan berliku, membutuhkan upaya berkelanjutan yang lebih baik. Tujuan pendidikan profesi adalah untuk mendidik para profesional mengupayakan penyebaran pengetahuan, mempunyai pola pikir kritis dan perilaku etis, kompeten dalam sistem pelayanan kesehatan perorangan dan masyarakat.Pada era pandemi COVID-19, diperlukan pendekatan sistem reformasi pendidikan professional yang terintegrasi dan kepemimpinan yang lebih baik.Pandemi COVID-19 memberikan dampak menyeluruh termasuk pada pendidikan kedokteran. Sebagian besar rotasi mahasiswa kedokteran terhenti terkait pelayanan rumah sakit berfokus pada penanganan COVID-19 dan pembelajaran tatap muka dikelas serta praktik laboratorium ditunda, mahasiswa belajar secara jarak jauh. Pandemi COVID-19 telah merubah pelayanan publik dan potensi perubahan tatalaksana pendidikan kedokteran. Rotasi penugasan yang tinggi antar bagian dan ke berbagai RS jejaring akan meningkatkan risiko peserta didik sebagai faktor penyebab penyebaran. Meskipun demikian+ peserta didik PPDS juga memegang peranan terbesar pada pelayanan medis di RS pendidikan. Terdapat kekhawatiran yang tinggi peserta didik akan dampak COVID-19 pada proses pendidikan mereka.
Pencegahan Abortus pada Awal Kehamilan
Authors: Bernolian Nuswil , Pangemanan Wim T. , Syamsuri Ahmad Kurdi , Ansyori M. Hatta , Mirani Putri , Lestari Peby Maulina , Martadiansyah Abarham , Kesty Cindy
Published: March 2024

Abortus merupakan suatu kejadian terminasi kehamilan dengan usia kehamilan <20 minggu dan berat janin <500 g. Angka kejadian abortus disebutkan sekitar 15% dari seluruh kehamilan. Terdapat beberapa faktor risiko abortus yaitu faktor risiko yang dapat dimodifikasi dan tidak dapat dimodifikasi. Beberapa faktor risiko yang dapat dimodifikasi yaitu faktor nutrisi, konsumsi kafein, alkohol, kebiasaan merokok, infeksi, paparan radiasi, beban kerja, dan pengaruh obat-obatan. Beberapa faktor risiko yang tidak dapat dimodifikasi, yaitu genetik, kelainan kongenital, dan lain-lain. Dengan mengetahui faktor risiko tersebut, dokter dapat melakukan pencegahan dan intervensi yang sesuai dengan kondisi masing-masing pasien yang mengalami abortus. Metode yang digunakan adalah tinjauan pustaka dengan menggunakan beberapa database seperti Pubmed, Wiley Online Library, dan ScienceDirect dari 10 tahun terakhir.Prevention of Miscarriage in Early PregnancyAbstractMiscarriage is an event of termination of pregnancy with < 20 weeks of gestation and fetal weight < 500 grams. The incidence of miscarriage is around 15% of all pregnancies. There are several risk factors for miscarriage, namely modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors. Some modifiable risk factors are nutritional factors, consumption of caffeine, alcohol, smoking habit, infection, radiation exposure, workload, and the influence of drugs. Several risk factors that can not be modified, namely genetics, congenital abnormalities, and others. By knowing these risk factors, doctors can carry out prevention and intervention according to the conditions of each patient who undergoes miscarriage. The method used is a literature review using several databases such as Pubmed, Wiley Online Library, and ScienceDirect from the last 10 years.Key words: miscarriage, prevention, risk factors, pregnancy.
Interrogativas con qué y qué no en español de México: la codificación de grado epistémico
Authors: Reig Alamillo Asela
Published: March 2024

Dentro del paradigma de construcciones interrogativas polares del español, las interrogativas marcadas con qué empleadas en el español de México (¿Qué Julia llamó?, ¿qué Julia no llamó?, ¿qué no Julia llamó?) no han sido estudiadas hasta ahora. Este artículo analiza el significado no proposicional de estas construcciones a partir de la propuesta teórica de Sudo (2013). Se muestra que los dos sesgos propuestos, sesgo epistémico y sesgo evidencial, son necesarios para el análisis de estas interrogativas polares, pero no son suficientes para capturar las diferencias entre las dos interrogativas polares negativas. El artículo propone que estas construcciones difieren en el grado de su sesgo epistémico: ambas requieren una creencia positiva, pero con diferente grado de certeza.
Sejarah Peradaban Islam : Perkembangan Ilmu Pengetahuan pada Masa Pemerintahan Diinasti Bani Abbasiyah
Authors: Ainur Riska Amalia
Published: March 2024

ABSTRAK

Bani Abbasiyah merupakan salah satu kekhalifahan islam setelah runtuhnya Bani Ummayah. Pada masa pemerintahan Bani Abbasiyah islam mengalami perkembangan yang sangat pesat sehingga pada saat itu Bani Abbasiyah diberi julukan The Golden Age Of Islam atau masa keemasan dan kejayaan islam. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui sejarah Bani Abbasiyah, perkembangan ilmu pengetahuan pada masa Bani Abbasiyah dan kemunduran dari Bani Abbasiyah. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kepustakaan atau Library Research dengan kajian literatur berupa buku, jurnal dan catatan. Peneliti hanya menggunakan sumber pustaka dengan melakukan kegiatan membaca, mencatat dan mengolah bahan penelitian. Hasil dari penelitian ini yaitu Bani Abbasiyah berdiri sekitar tahun 132-556 H/ 750-1258 M. Pemerintahan Bani Abbasiyah terbagi menjadi empat fase. Ilmu pengetahuan menjadi berkembang pesat pada masa Bani Abbasiyah. Ilmu pengetahuan ini dibagi menjadi dua yaitu ilmu naqli dan ilmu aqli.

Kata Kunci: Bani Abbasiyah, Kejayaan, Ilmu Pengetahuan
I Mangadacinna Daeng Sitaba Karaeng Pattingalloang Sultan Mahmud (Kondisi Kerajaan Islam Makassar Menjelang Pemerintahannya)
Authors: Habib Akramullah Ahmad , Hasaruddin
Published: March 2024

Ketika kondisi pada saat itu Makassar sudah menjadi Kerajaan yang bernuansa Islam berkat usaha yang dilakukan Karaeng Matoaya I Malingkaang Daeng Manyonri' Karaeng Katangka Sultan Abdullah bersama raja Gowa XIV I Mangarangi Daeng Manrabbia Sultan Alauddin. Hal ini yang membuat raja menyebarkan agama Islam karena adanya suatu perjanjian yang dilakukan oleh para raja-raja (Ulu Ada'), yang merupakan “ikrar bersama” yang berbunyi: “Barang siapa (di antara raja-raja itu) menemukan suatu jalan yang lebih baik, maka yang menemukan jalan itu berkewajiban untuk memberitahukan pula kepada raja-raja lainnya yang juga ikrar pada perjanjian tersebut. Dengan jalur tersebut yang ditempuh sehingga Islam dapat berkembang menjadi agama resmi di Sulawesi Selatan pada tahun 1611. Maka Islam dimasukkan dalam struktur pemerintah di setiap Kerajaan, hal ini dibuatlah sebuah lembaga yang mengurusi syariat Islam (pejabat Sarak yang disebut Parewa sarak. Hal ini membuat Kerajaan Makassar Membuka pintu untuk semua bangsa datang melakukan perdagang di wilayah Kerajaan tanpa ada membedakan bangsa yang satu dengan bangsa lainnya. Pengaruh militer Makassar juga menyelimuti masa pemerintahan Karaeng Matoaya. Ekspedisi laut Makassar tercatat pernah dikirimkan ke wilayah utara dan Sulawesi tengah, Buton, serta Nusa Tenggara Di wilayah Sulawesi Selatan, pasukan darat Makassar yang kuat juga janji pemberontakan dan ketidakpatuhan dengan kekuatan militernya.
Religious Transformation In Wajo: The Islamization Era 1582-1626
Authors: Alamshah Anisah , Susmihara
Published: March 2024

This article endeavors to uncover the process of Islamization within the Cinnottabbangka Kingdom, more commonly recognized as the Wajo Kingdom. Employing a historical approach, it utilizes various stages of historical research, involving heuristic methods for source collection, internal and external critique of historical sources, interpretation, and historiography. The findings from this research suggest the establishment of Wajo as a kingdom believed to have originated around the mid-15th century, initiated by an individual who founded the Lampulungeng settlement, known as Puangnge Lapulungeng. This phase progressed with the arrival of La Paukke, a noble and the offspring of Datu Cina, who laid the groundwork for the Cinnotabi Kingdom, eventually evolving into the Wajo Kingdom. Furthermore, Islam's adoption as the official religion in Wajo by the royal elite through the musu’ selleng, instigated by the Gowa Kingdom, is a significant event. This acceptance took place on Tuesday, 15 Safar 1019, corresponding to Sunday, 9 May 1610, when Arung Matowa Wajo La Sangkuru Patau embraced Islam, adopting the title Sultan Abd. Rahman. Subsequently, the reception of Islam by the Wajo kingdom led to substantial transformations in governance and social structures, notably through the Pangngadereng system, a set of normative and customary rules grounded in elements like ade’, bicara, rapang, wari. With the integration of Islam into the Wajo Kingdom's governance, the Pangngadereng system merged with Sharia principles. The amalgamation of Bugis Wajo cultural values within the Pangadereng concept and their alignment with Islamic teachings encompassing belief, Sharia, and ethics represents a harmonious blend, supporting a balanced lifestyle across personal, societal, and national domains.
Kepemimpinan Abu Bakar Al-Shiddiq (Simbol Pemersatu Umat Islam)
Authors: Misrayanti  , Aeni Nuraeni , Syakur Nur Ahsan
Published: March 2024

Abu Bakr was born in Mecca in the year 573, approximately two years and six months after the Year of the Elephant. His full name is Abdullah, the son of Uthman, who was the son of Amir, and so on, with his lineage tracing back to Ghalib al-Qurashi At-Taimi through various ancestors. The lineage of Abu Bakr al-Siddiq intersected with the lineage of the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) at their sixth-generation ancestor, Murrah bin Ka'ab. During his time as a caliph, Abu Bakr was determined to continue the military expedition led by Usamah. Usamah's forces returned to Medina with victory and war spoils (ghanimah). Additionally, another of Abu Bakr As-Siddiq's policies involved fighting false prophets and individuals who refused to pay zakat (obligatory almsgiving). Abu Bakr's leadership model was both charismatic and democratic. He was known for making firm decisions, such as taking measures to combat apostasy, resistance to paying zakat, and false prophets. When Abu Bakr As-Siddiq addressed the public, he encouraged open dialogue, allowing the voice of the community to be heard without constraints imposed by a leader's authority. This demonstrated a commitment to democratic values.

 

Abu Bakar lahir di Mekah pada tahun 573 M atau lebih kurang dua tahun enam bulan setelah tahun Gajah. Namanya adalah Abdullah bin Utsman bin Amir bin Amr bin Ka’ab bin Sa’ad bin Taim bin Murrah bin Ka’ab bin Lu’ai bin Ghalib al-Qurasyi At-Taimi. Nasab Abu Bakar al-Shiddiq bertemu dengan nasab Nabi Muhammad Saw pada kakek keenam yaitu Murrah bin Ka’ab. Ketika menjadi khalifah Abu Bakar bertekad kuat untuk melanjutkan ekspedisi militer pimpinan Usamah. Pasukan Usamah kembali ke Madinah dengan membawa kemenangan dan harta ghanimah (harta rampasan perang). Selain itu, kebijakan lain Abu Bakar As-Shiddiq memerangi nabi palsu dan orang-orang yang tidak mau membayar zakat. Model kepemimpinan Abu Bakar karismatik dan demokratis, selain itu tegas dalam mengambil keputusan sebagaimana saat mengambil kebijakan memberantas kaum murtad, pembangkang zakat dan nabi-nabi palsu. Abu Bakar as-Shiddiq saat ia menyampaikan pidatonya di hadapan publik, dimana suara umat tidak dibatasi oleh otoritas seorang pemimpin, melainkan ia meminta masukan dan pendapat dari umat hal tersebut menunjukkan adanya penerapan nilai demokratis.
Historia de pisos, baldosa hidráulica
Authors: Alvarado Luis Alberto
Published: March 2024

Los mosaicos hidráulicos fueron inventados en el sur de Francia a mediados del siglo XIX, alcanzando su mayor desarrollo en Bélgica, España, Italia y Portugal. El largo camino de este revestimiento está ligado al descubrimiento del cemento Portland, que fue patentado en 1842 en Inglaterra por Joseph Aspdin y James Parker. El nombre surge de la similitud de este material, al color gris obscuro de las piedras que se encuentran en la isla de Portland. La fabricación y la mano de obra, así como técnica de producción y suplemento de la industria, fue importada del mediterráneo.
Quality Control of Liquid Aluminium Alloy Using Thermal Imaging Camera
Authors: Władysiak Ryszard
Published: March 2024

This paper presents the results of a study on the use of infrared thermography to assess the quality of liquid metal, a basic semi-finished product used in foundry production. EN AC-46000 alloy with the designation AlSi9Cu3(Fe) was used for the study. The crystallization process of the alloy was investigated using the TDA method with a Crystaldigraph device and Optris PI thermal imaging camera. The research describes how to use a thermal imaging camera to assess the quality of aluminium alloys. These alloys, due to their propensity in the liquid state to oxidise and absorb hydrogen, a refining procedure in the melting process. The effects of alloy refining are evaluated during technological tests of hydrogen solubility, density and casting shrinkage. The results presented in this paper showed that there is a statistical correlation between the density of the metal and the temperature values from the thermogram of the sample, obtained during its solidification. The existing correlation makes it possible to develop a thermographic inspection algorithm that allows a fast and non-contact assessment of aluminium alloy quality.
Performance of the Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum Underwater Acoustic Communication System with Differential Detection in Strong Multipath Propagation Conditions
Authors: Schmidt Jan H. , Kochańska Iwona , Schmidt Aleksander M.
Published: March 2024

The underwater acoustic communication (UAC) operating in very shallow-water should ensure reliable transmission in conditions of strong multipath propagation, significantly disturbing the received signal. One of the techniques to achieve this goal is the direct sequence spread spectrum (DSSS) technique, which consists in binary phase shift keying (BPSK) according to a pseudo-random spreading sequence. This paper describes the DSSS data transmission tests in the simulation and experimental environment, using different types of pseudo-noise sequences: m-sequences and Kasami codes of the order 6 and 8. The transmitted signals are of different bandwidth and the detection at the receiver side was performed using two detection methods: non-differential and differential. The performed experiments allowed to draw important conclusions for the designing of a physical layer of the shallow-water UAC system. Both, m-sequences and Kasami codes allow to achieve a similar bit error rate, which at best was less than 10 −3. At the same time, the 6th order sequences are not long enough to achieve an acceptable BER under strong multipath conditions. In the case of transmission of wideband signals the differential detection algorithm allows to achieve a significantly better BER (less than 10 −2) than nondifferential one (BER not less than 10 −1). In the case of narrowband signals the simulation tests have shown that the non-differential algorithm gives a better BER, but experimental tests under conditions of strong multipath propagation did not confirm it. The differential algorithm allowed to achieve a BER less than 10 −2 in experimental tests, while the second algorithm allowed to obtain, at best, a BER less than 10 −1. In addition, two indicators have been proposed for a rough assessment which of the detection algorithms under current propagation conditions in the channel will allow to obtain a better BER.
„Mitu nie zdradzajcie”. Modernistyczna koncepcja tańca w eksperymentach studia „Heptachor”
Authors: Nabokina Anastasia
Published: March 2024

The Heptachor (Гептахор) studio was a leading early 20 th-century Russian modern dance school committed to a revival of the art of dance and the development of new forms of musical movement and new concepts of artistic creation. In the years 1914–1934, it was the centre of the Musical Movement dance school, experimenting with a wide range of artistic, educational and therapeutic practices. The aim of the article is, first, to present the history of the Heptachor studio on the basis of the recollections and memoirs of its co-founder Stephanida Rudneva, contemporary documents and archive materials, and, second, to analyze the typical creative process narratives included in those sources.
Evaluation of different substance combinations in a multiple-session mesotherapy protocol for the management of osteoarthritis in dogs: a retrospective study
Authors: Alves João C. , Santos Ana , Lafuente Pilar
Published: March 2024

OBJECTIVE

To describe the effect of different substance combinations administered through mesotherapy in dogs with hip osteoarthritis.

ANIMALS

104 dogs.

METHODS

In this retrospective study, 4 groups (dogs treated with a combination of lidocaine, piroxicam, and thiocolchicoside [MG]; dogs treated with lidocaine, piroxicam, and Traumeel [TG]; dogs treated with lidocaine, piroxicam, and glucosamine [GG]; and dogs treated with the same combination as in MG combined with a photobiomodulation session [MPG]) were set. For all groups, the same treatment frequency was followed. Response to treatment was measured with the Canine Brief Pain Inventory (divided into pain interference score and pain severity score), Liverpool Osteoarthritis in Dogs (LOAD), and Canine Orthopedic Index (divided into function, gait, stiffness, and quality of life) before treatment and 15, 30, 60, 90, and 120 days after treatment. Cox proportional hazard regression analysis was used to investigate the influence of treatment, age, sex, body weight, breed, and Orthopedic Foundation for Animals score.

RESULTS

Dogs had a mean age of 7.6 ± 3.1 years and body weight of 28.6 ± 5.5 kg. Hip osteoarthritis was classified as mild (4), moderate (70), or severe (30). Greater improvements were observed in MG and MPG. Kaplan-Meier estimators showed MG and MPG had longer periods with clinically significant results. Treatment was the covariable that contributed more frequently to the outcomes observed.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE

The combination used in MG, particularly combined with photobiomodulation, produced longer-lasting clinically significant results.