bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Physical Quality and Antioxidant Activity of Ethanol Extract of Moringa Leaves (Moringa oleifera LAM) Formulated in Emulgel Preparation
Authors: Iskandar Benni , Novita Gressy , Fitri Annisa Fiona , Leny Leny , Hafiz Ihsanul , Surboyo Meircurius D.C. , Lee Ching-Kuo
Published: July 2022

Moringa leaves contains flavonoids which has the activity of free radical scavenging or as an antioxidant. The purpose of this study was to formulate the water insoluble extract of Moringa leaves into emulgel dosage forms in various concentrations to produce a stable preparation during storage and have antioxidant activity. The formulation of the emulgel preparation was made by varying the concentration of the ethanol extract of Moringa leaves at 0%(F0), 0.5%(FI), 1%(FII), and 2%(FIII). The study examined the emulgel preparation including organoleptic test, irritation test, pH test, homogeneity test, emulsion type test, spreadability test, freeze and thaw stability and antioxidant properties by using DPPH method. The results showed that all emulgel preparations were stable during storage, did not irritate, pH value between 5.50-6.04, homogeneous preparation, emulsion type was oil on water phase (o/w), spreadability between 3.2-3.9cm, IC50 from ethanol extract of Moringa leaves was 135.539ppm. For emulgel preparation, FIII formulation showed best activity compared to another formula in its capacity which was 192.48 ppm for 1st week storage and 292.94ppm for the 8th week storage. The conclusion of this study shows that emulgel containing Moringa leaf extract has antioxidant activity and stable in physical properties during storage.
Comparative analysis of the course and outcomes of a new coronavirus infection depending on the level of high-density lipoproteins in hospitalized patients with COVID-19
Authors: Frolova I. A. , Tarlovskaya E. I. , Romanov S. V.
Published: July 2022

Aim of the study was to analyze the course and outcomes of a new coronavirus infection depending on the level of high-density lipoproteins in hospitalized patients with COVID-19.

Material and methods. A retrospective analysis of the medical histories of 208 patients hospitalized with a diagnosis of COVID-19 was carried out. Depending on the level of high-density lipoproteins (HDL), patients were divided into 2 groups: group 1 – patients with «low» HDL < 0.83 mmol/l, group 2 – patients with «high» HDL ≥ 0.83 mmol/l. The relationship between HDL levels measured at the beginning of hospitalization and the severity of the course and outcomes of coronavirus infection was evaluated. The primary endpoint was nosocomial death, secondary points: the development of complications of coronavirus infection, the duration of hospitalization, the duration of fever, the duration of stay in the intensive care unit (ICU).

Results. In hospitalized patients with COVID-19, lipid profile disorders were observed in the form of a decrease in HDL (<1.0 mmol/l) in 62 % of cases. A «low» HDL level (<0.83 mmol/l) was associated with a more unfavorable course of coronavirus infection in the hospital in the form of a larger volume of lung damage both at admission and at discharge (40 % [32; 54] vs. 32 % [24; 40], p < 0.001 and 40 % [28; 52] vs. 32 % [28; 44] p = 0.018, respectively), the development of complications such as «cytokine storm» (17 % vs. 22 %, p = 0.03), acute kidney injury (10 % vs. 16 %, p = 0.007). When analyzing secondary points, it was found that in patients of group 1 («low» HDL level), in comparison with patients of group 2 («high» level) the fever period was longer (10 [7; 12] days vs. 8.5 [7; 10] days, p = 0.04), the period of stay in the ICU (0 [0; 1] days vs. 0 [0; 0] days, p = 0.03) and the duration of hospitalization was longer (9 [7; 12] days vs. 8,6 [7; 12] days, p < 0.001).The primary endpoint – hospital mortality was statistically significantly higher in patients with initially reduced HDL levels (<0.83 mmol/l) (13 % vs. 8 %, p = 0.013).

Conclusions. In hospitalized patients, the level of HDL <0.83 mmol/l at the beginning of hospitalization was associated with a more severe course of coronavirus infection in the subsequent and an increase in hospital mortality.
Factors Influencing Online Buying Behavior: A Case of Shopee Customers
Authors: Mesatania Celia Pricilla
Published: July 2022

This research aims to gain an understanding into the factors influencing customer buying behavior on e-commerce platforms such as Shopee, particularly from a behavioral standpoint. The current study identified 23 factors influencing online buying behavior, and then evaluated the performance of Shopee on these factors using the Relative Importance Index (RII). The results revealed that quality of product (or service), customer knowledge of the product, price of product, and shop's reputation are most important factors. Relatively least important factors are impulsive buying behavior, perceived enjoyment, tagline, and mood. The study concludes with important implications for the electronic retailers.
Banking union: state of play and proposals for the way forward
Authors: Vikelidou Kornilia , Tagkalakis Athanasios
Published: July 2022

his paper examines the current state of play of the Banking Union project aiming at unveiling the weaknesses and gaps of this still incomplete framework. In this context, the implementation so far of the Banking Union legislation sheds light on the vulnerabilities concerning supervisory change, transparency, trust and a proper allocation of bank failure costs since all these criteria are deemed as essential contributing factors to promoting financial stability at European level. Taking into consideration the latest steps towards completing the Banking Union framework until June 2022, this paper aims at depicting the proposed leeway potentially capable to align resilience and flexibility with the view of mitigating any persisting shock-amplifying factor against financial stability.
參與「醫療科技問題與病人安全風險學習平台(ITPS)」經驗分享
Authors: 陳韋成 陳韋成 , Wei-Cheng Chen 陳蒼潔 , Tsang-Chieh Chen 洪千惠 , Chien-Hui Hung 張榕浚 , Jung-Chun Chang 王毓駿
Published: July 2022

現今資訊發展及流通迅速，確保資料的正確性及維護醫院資訊系統和相關設備，是「病人安全」中的重要課題。本院於2021年參與財團法人醫院評鑑暨醫療品質策進會「醫療科技問題與病人安全風險學習平台(Information Technology related Patient Safety, ITPS)」，經過一年的專案學習和運作，於2022年由醫療品質部、資訊室、護理部及醫工室正式組成團隊研究調查小組，訂定小組運作及檢討機制，針對內外部專家之建議予以改進，進而達到品質提升之目的。本院也藉由收集之通報案件，加入相關單位人員的參與討論，提升團隊合作及單位安全之風氣，讓醫院的資訊系統能更符合使用者的需求，提供更有效率的安全把關。

 

Purpose: The prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) continues to increase worldwide. We built a machine learning model and developed a prediction system that is based on an optimal model to effectively predict blood sugar changes in patients with diabetes. Our findings contribute to the implementation of long-term patient nutrition interventions.

Method: Data of outpatients with type 2 DM who were 20 years or older and underwent nutrition education under a diabetes pay-for-performance program were obtained from the Nutrition and Health System Database of the outpatient clinic of the Chi Mei Hospital network; the data spanned the years from 2007 to 2019. On the basis of literature findings and professional experience, 20 characteristic variables and multiple machine learning algorithms were applied to build a model to predict whether the glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) of the outpatients improved by more than 7% after 1 year. The optimal model (model with the highest area under the curve [AUC]) was selected and used to develop a prediction system for use in clinical settings.

Results: The accuracy levels of the developed models ranged from 0.735 to 0.749; the supportvector- machine model with a sensitivity of 0.757, a specificity of 0.739, and an AUC of 0.828 was the optimal prediction model. The prediction system was tested by three dietitians, who affirmed its usefulness for diabetes meal planning and patient health education.

Conclusion: The prediction model based on machine learning algorithms performed excellently, and it is a promising tool for diabetes meal planning and patient health education. It is also an effective supporting tool for clinical disease care and dietary health education interventions. We believe that the model can help patients maintain favorable long-term blood sugar control, reduce their incidence of diabetes-related complications, improve the quality of medical care and promote shared decisionmaking.

 
提升急性缺血性腦中風病人抵達急診120分鐘內接受動脈內機械取栓術治療達成率
Authors: 羅玉珍 羅玉珍 , Yu-Chen Lo 陳玉芳 , Yu-Fang Chen 劉玉香 , Yu-Hsiang Liu 侯勝文 , Sheng-Wen Hou 葉旭霖 , Hsu-Ling Yeh 汪玟芳 , Wen-Fang Wang 蕭振宇 , Chen-Yu Hsiao 曾明宗 , Min-Tsung Tseng 楊翠華 , Tsui-Hua Yang 楊佩靜 , Pei-Ching Yang 廖佳慧
Published: July 2022

急性缺血性腦中風(Acute Ischemic Stroke)發作8小時內接受機械取栓術(Endovascular Thrombectomy, EVT)治療，可提升病人預後、降低殘疾嚴重程度，分析2018年1月1日至2019年4月30日共計55位個案，其中7位案例合併其他原因、急性疾病故排除，因此由急診檢傷至抵達血管攝影室接受穿刺止之個案數共計48名。參考文獻後，將檢傷至穿刺時間(Door-to-Puncture Time)之目標值設定為120分鐘。48名個案從入急診到接受EVT時間平均值為173分鐘，達成率僅10.4%，平均住院日為36.8天。參考國際文獻及標竿北市醫中後，發現仍有改善空間，即成立跨領域照護團隊，分析延遲原因為人員對檢查流程備物生疏、傳呼不到傳送員、資訊系統不完備、訊息傳遞異常等，團隊共同制定跨單位機械取栓護理交班單、搶救急性中風衛教單、創意研發固定帶、增設計時器及EVT Bundle包、修訂腦中風暨機械取栓標準流程及傳送員管理辦法後，接受EVT病人平均時間由173分鐘降至112.6分鐘、120分鐘內完成EVT比率由10.4%提升至68.8%。由品管圈的執行，不但優化了各單位作業流程、縮短治療時間，更提供病人即時且優質的照護。

 

Multiple studies have indicated that receiving an endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) within 8 hours from the onset of acute ischemic stroke substantially improves the patient’s prognosis and reduces the likelihood of disability. In this study, we analyzed 55 patients with acute ischemic stroke who underwent an EVT between January 1, 2018, and April 30, 2019, at Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan. From these patients, 48 were included in the final analysis and 7 were excluded for other reasons, such as having concomitant acute illnesses. According to a literature review, we set our optimum door-to-puncture (D2P) time to within 120 minutes, starting from the arrival at the emergency department to the time of arterial puncture for EVT. The average D2P time for the 48 patients was 173 minutes, and only 10.4% of the patients had a D2P time that was less than 120 minutes (our target), with an average hospital stay of 36.8 days. Room for improvement remained, as indicated by comparisons with data from international studies and from other medical centers in Taipei. Therefore, we formed a multidisciplinary team and identified the causes of the delays, including staff unfamiliarity with the clinical protocol, insufficient manpower for transportation, lack of information technology support, and ineffective communication among different departments. The team then worked together and formulated a nursing staff sign-off checklist for EVT, published educational pamphlets advocating timely interventions for acute stroke for the general public, and invented a head immobilization hood for patients with stroke. A timer was also placed at the triage desk to assist with adherence to the protocol. In addition, an institutional protocol including porter management was established as part of our EVT bundle. After the implementation of such an EVT bundle strategy, 68.8% of our patients had a D2P time of less than 120 minutes (up from 10.4%) and the average D2P time decreased from 173 to 112.6 minutes. In conclusion, by establishing a quality control circle, we not only streamlined the workflow among different departments but also optimized the treatment cycle and provided our patients with the best care possible.

 
Kikuchi–Fujimoto disease: A rare cause of lymphadenopathy and fever
Authors: Vilaca Ana , Palha Vanessa , Pimentel Teresa
Published: July 2022

Introduction: Kikuchi–Fujimoto disease (KFD) was originally described in a young woman and is a rare, benign and self-limited condition of unknown cause, usually characterized by cervical lymphadenopathy and fever. The diagnosis of KFD is made by lymph node biopsy and treatment is only symptomatic, with signs and symptoms usually resolving within one to six months.
Case Report: A 31-year-old female, rabbit breeder, presented with complaints of fever, facial and hand skin lesions for 10 days. Physical examination revealed nose, malar, scalp, fingers and pinna erythematous papules; also painful bilateral cervical and axillary lymphadenopathy. Laboratory studies showed normocytic/normochromic anemia (hemoglobin 10.4 g/dL), leukopenia (white blood cell count 2.2x103 u/L), neutropenia 44.4% and elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate 31 mm/h. Serology for infectious agents, microbiology and autoimmune blood work studies were negative. Computed tomography scan of the neck revealed small cervical lymphadenopathy and enlarged axillary lymphadenopathy. She underwent biopsy of a right axillary lymph node, which revealed Kikuchi lymphadenitis xanthomatous type. Skin biopsy showed unspecified perivascular lymphocytic infiltrate. On a three-month follow-up visit, she continued to be afebrile, had improved white cell blood count and had only small right axillary lymphadenopathy visible on ultrasound. Skin lesions had disappeared.
Conclusion: Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease should be considered in the differential diagnosis when a young woman presents with fever and cervical lymphadenopathy. Despite its benign and self-limited nature, patients should be followed for a few years since recurrence is common and some patients may develop autoimmune disorders.
THE ROLE OF THE MULTIDISCIPLINARY TEAM IN THE MANAGEMENT OF PATIENTSWITH PROGRESSIVE DUSCHENNE MUSCULAR DYSTROPHY
Authors: УМУРЗАКОВА А.О. , АЯГАНОВ Д.Н. , ДЖУМАГАЛИЕВА М.Б.
Published: July 2022

Мышечная дистрофия Дюшенна - тяжелое, прогрессирующее, истощающее мышцы заболевание, которое приводит к затруднениям при передвижении и, в конечном итоге, к необходимости искусственной вентиляции легких и преждевременной смерти. Заболевание вызвано мутациями в гене DMD, ответственный за синтез дистрофина в мышцах. Мышцы без дистрофина более чувствительны к повреждениям, приводящим к прогрессирующей потере мышечной ткани и функции. Многие исследования значительно углубили наше понимание первичных и вторичных патогенетических механизмов. Были разработаны руководящие принципы для многопрофильного лечения мышечной дистрофии Дюшенна, которые касаются получения генетического диагноза и лечения различных аспектов заболевания. Кроме того, ряд методов лечения, направленных для восстановления недостающего белка дистрофина или устранения вторичной патологии получили одобрение регулирующих органов, и многие другие находятся в стадии клинической разработки.

The role of a multidisciplinary team in the management of patients with progressive Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Duchenne muscular dystrophy is a severe, progressive, muscle-wasting disease that leads to difficulties in movement and, ultimately, to the need for artificial lung ventilation and premature death. The disease is caused by mutations in the DMD gene responsible for the synthesis of dystrophin in muscles. Muscles without dystrophin are more sensitive to damage leading to progressive loss of muscle tissue and function. Many studies have significantly deepened our understanding of primary and secondary pathogenetic mechanisms. Guidelines have been developed for the multidisciplinary treatment of Duchenne muscular dystrophy, which relate to obtaining a genetic diagnosis and treatment of various aspects of the disease. In addition, a number of treatments aimed at restoring the missing dystrophin protein or eliminating secondary pathology have received regulatory approval, and many others are under clinical development.
FEATURES OF THE COURSE OF COVID-19 IN PATIENTS WITH CONCOMITANT DISEASES. LITERATURE REVIEW
Authors: ИСКАКОВ М.М. , КУЛЬЖАНОВ М.К. , АИМБЕТОВА Г.Е. , ШАМШИ А.М. , КАТАЕВ А.О. , РАХИЗАЕВ А.К.
Published: July 2022

Новый коронавирус человека, коронавирус тяжелого острого респираторного синдрома (SARS-CoV-2), был выявлен в Ухане, Китай, в декабре 2019 года. С тех пор вирус распространился по всему миру и затронул более 180 стран. SARS-CoV-2 заразил людей всех возрастных групп, всех этнических групп, как мужчин, так и женщин, распространяясь по сообществам с угрожающей скоростью. Считается, что COVID-19 у лиц с коморбидным состоянием, характеризуется более скорым и тяжелым течением, нередко приводящим к летальному исходу. В данной работе были предоставлены коморбидные состояния, прогрессивное течение заболевания и показатели смертности у инфицированных COVID-19 пациентов. Проведен поиск по электронному каталогу, затем были собраны соответствующие данные из рецензируемых статей, опубликованных с января 2020 года по ноябрь 2021 года. Помимо того, что ведомо на данное время, пациенты с COVID-19, с коморбидным состоянием, такие как артериальная гипертония или сахарный диабет, по статистике переносят заболевание в более тяжелой форме. Помимо этого, у пожилых пациентов, в основном старше 65 лет, с сопутствующими заболеваниями, повышена частота госпитализации в отделение интенсивной терапии (ОИТ) и смертность от заболевания COVID-19. Пациенты с сопутствующими заболеваниями должны принимать все необходимые меры предосторожности, чтобы избежать заражения SARS CoV-2, поскольку у них обычно наихудший прогноз.

A new human coronavirus, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2), was detected in Wuhan, China, in December 2019. Since then, the virus has spread around the world and affected more than 180 countries. SARS-CoV-2 has infected people of all age groups, all ethnic groups, both men and women, spreading through communities at an alarming rate. It is believed that COVID-19 in people with a comorbid condition is characterized by a more rapid and severe course, often leading to a fatal outcome. In this work, comorbid conditions, the progressive course of the disease and mortality rates in infected COVID-19 patients were provided. An electronic catalog was searched, then relevant data was collected from peer-reviewed articles published from January 2020 to November 2021. In addition to what is known at this time, patients with COVID-19, with a comorbid condition, such as arterial hypertension or diabetes mellitus, statistically carry the disease in a more severe form. In addition, elderly patients, mostly over 65 years old, with concomitant diseases, have an increased frequency of hospitalization in the intensive care unit (ICU) and mortality from COVID-19 disease. Patients with concomitant diseases should take all necessary precautions to avoid infection with SARS CoV-2, as they usually have the worst prognosis.
REVIEW OF VACCINES REGISTERED IN THE REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN
Authors: КАЮПОВА Ф.Е. , БАТЫРХАНОВА А.Ю. , САГИНДИКОВА К.Е. , ШИМ Н.Ю.
Published: July 2022

Вакцины в современной медицине - один из самых эффективных инструментов для предотвращения заболеваемости и смертности во всем мире. В настоящей статье представлен анализ рынка вакцин, зарегистрированных в Государственном реестре РК. Показаны доли отечественных и зарубежных производителей, а так же выделены лидирующие страны по занимаемой доле рынка вакцин в Республике Казахстан. В результате исследований было выявлено, что вакцины отечественного производства составляют 5% рынка, а иностранные - 95%. Это означает, что большая часть рынка вакцин составляют продукты иностранных производителей, а доля отечественного производства в этом сегменте выражена слабо. На рынке имеется достаточное количество вакцин, основными импортерами которых являются Бельгия, Индия и США. Подробно рассмотрена статистика заболеваний, вакцины которых входят в Национальный календарь прививок. На основании исследования сделаны соответствующие выводы.

In modern medicine, the vaccines are one of the most effective tools for preventing morbidity and mortality worldwide. This article presents the analysis of the market for vaccines registered in the State Register of the Republic of Kazakhstan. Shares of domestic and foreign manufacturers are shown, as well as selected leading countries for the share of the vaccine market in the Republic of Kazakhstan. As a result of the research, it was revealed that domestically produced vaccines account for 5% of the market, and foreign - 95%. This means that most of the vaccine market is made up of products of foreign manufacturers, and the share of domestic production in this segment is weak. There are a sufficient number of vaccines on the market, the main importers of which are Belgium, India and the United States. The statistics of diseases whose vaccines are included in the National Immunization Schedule are considered in detail. On the basis of the study, the corresponding conclusions were drawn.
THE IMPORTANCE OF IMPLEMENTING A PHARMACEUTICAL QUALITY SYSTEM IN ENTERPRISES
Authors: Аманкелди А.А. , Серикбаева Э.А. , Жакипбеков К.С. , Егизбаева Ш.А. , Муканова А.Б.
Published: July 2022

Глобализация экономики ставит вопрос развития отдельных отраслей Казахстана, которые могут гарантировать мировую экономическую безопасность. Одной из таких отраслей является фармацевтическая промышленность, которая во многом обуславливает медицинскую безопасность страны.[2] Для обеспечения, улучшения и поддержания качества продукции на высоком уровне главным является разработка, внедрение и постоянное совершенствование эффективной, эффективной системы управления качеством, эффективное функционирование которой будет зависеть от установления различных внешних и внутренних связей.[3]Фармацевтическая система качества создается для повышения качества продукции и прибыли в соответствии с потребностями предприятия при удовлетворении требований международных стандартов. Многие фармацевтические предприятия стремятся эффективно адаптировать свои производственные процессы к требованиям системы качества и тем самым повысить конкурентоспособность своей продукции. Необходимо разработать более эффективные методы обеспечения и управления качеством, что позволит выявить резервы повышения качества, найти эффективные средства достижения более высокого уровня этих показателей.

Globalization of the economy poses the problem of developing certain sectors of Kazakhstan that can guarantee World Economic Security.[2] One of these industries is the pharmaceutical industry, which largely justifies the country's medical security.[3] In order to ensure, improve and maintain product quality at a high level, the main thing is to develop, implement and continuously improve an effective, effective quality management system, the effective functioning of which will depend on the establishment of various external and internal links. The Pharmaceutical Quality System is created to improve the quality of products and profits in accordance with the needs of the enterprise, while meeting the requirements of international standards. Many pharmaceutical companies strive to effectively adapt their production processes to the requirements of the quality system and thus increase the competitiveness of their products. It is necessary to develop more effective methods of quality assurance and management, which will allow us to identify reserves for improving quality, find effective means to achieve a high level of these indicators.
EVALUATION OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE NEONATAL STABILIZATION WARD IN THE MATERNITY UNIT OF A PERINATAL CENTER
Authors: АЯЗБЕКОВ А.К. , НУРХАСИМОВА Р.Г. , АЯЗБЕКОВА А.Б. , ТЕРЛИКБАЕВА А.Т.
Published: July 2022

В статье проведен анализ и оценка эффективности палаты стабилизации новорожденных в условиях родильного блока при перинатальном центре. Проведен ретроспективный анализ истории развития 203 новорожденных, госпитализированных в палату стабилизации состояния новорожденных. Из общего количества 2494 родов за 3 месяца 2022 года в палату стабилизации госпитализировано 8,1%, от общего числа родившихся новорожденных. Эффективность платы стабилизации новорожденных рассмотрена с позиции случаев, когда удалось избежать госпитализации новорожденных в отделение реанимации и интенсивной терапии новорожденных (ОРИТН), так из общей массы госпитализированных новорожденных всего 18,2% были госпитализированы в ОРИТН, а остальные 81,8% новорожденные не нуждались в круглосуточной интенсивной терапии. Внедрение в практику родовспомогательных учреждении палат стабилизации новорожденных, является рычагом который позволит значительно улучшить вопросы не только стабилизации состояния новорожденных, но и профилактики инфекции, связанных с оказанием медицинской помощи, полипрагмазии в лечении новорожденных.

The article analyzes and evaluates the effectiveness of the neonatal stabilization ward in the maternity unit at the perinatal center. A retrospective analysis of the developmental history of 203 newborns hospitalized in the neonatal stabilization ward was performed. Out of a total of 2494 births in the 3 months of 2022, 8.1%, of the total number of newborns were hospitalized in the stabilization ward. The efficiency of the neonatal stabilization unit was examined from the point of view of the cases when it was possible to avoid hospitalization of the newborns in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU): only 18,2% of all hospitalized newborns were hospitalized in the NICU, the remaining 81,8% of newborns did not require 24-hour intensive care. Introduction of neonatal stabilization wards into the practice of obstetric institutions is a lever, which will significantly improve not only the issues of neonatal stabilization, but also the prevention of infection related to the provision of medical care and polypragmasy in the treatment of newborns.
THE STUDY OF THE DIAGNOSTIC ANATOMICAL SIGNS OFTHE RAW MATERIAL OF AGRIMONIA EUPATORIA L
Authors: Мамедова Н.Г. , Шукюрова А.С. , Мириам Ариэль Мопиа Фуби , Годжаева Ф.А.
Published: July 2022

В результате изучения диагностических признаков анатомического строения сырья (листа и цветка) A. eupatoria микроскопическим анализом установлено наличие следующих элементов: простые волоски на цветоложе цветка, ромбические кристаллы в мезофиле листа, железистые и разветвленные, курчавые и вильчатые волоски, многоклеточные железки, друзы в мезофилле листа, многогранные клетки эпидермиса с чётковидными стенками нижней поверхности листа, аномоцитный тип устьиц нижней поверхности листа, спиральные сосуды и кристалоносная обкладка жилки листа.

The study of the diagnostic anatomical signs of the dried leaf and flower of A. eupatoria has been conducted. As a result, a cross section and an examination under a microscope allowed to identify the following elements: simple hairs on the peduncle of the flower, rhombic crystals in the leaf, gandular and branched, curly and forked hairs, multicellular glands, druses in the mesophyll of the leaf, mulifaceted cells with beads-like walls of the lower epidermis of the leaf, anomocytic stomata of the lower surface of the leaf, spiral vessels and crystals lining on the vein of the leaf.
FEATURES OF THE PERSONALIZED APPROACH IN THE TREATMENT OF CHRONIC TONSILLOPHARYNGITIS IN PREGNANT WOMEN
Authors: СТАНОВА С.К. , ЛОКШИН В.Н. , ЖАЙСАКОВА Д.Е. , САВИЧЕВА А.М. , БАТЫРБАЕВА Д.Ж.
Published: July 2022

В структуре отоларингологических заболеваний хронический тонзиллофарингит (ХТФ) относится к распространенной патологии у взрослого населения (2,84-35%). Проблема лечения ХТФ сохраняет свою актуальность, особенно у беременных женщин, что связано с разнообразием микрофлоры и влияния патологии на развитие и исход беременности. На основе комплексной оценки результатов клинических, лабораторных, иммунологических исследований и состояния микробиоценоза всех отделов глотки у беременных показаны возможности консервативного лечения данной патологии без отрицательного влияния на растущий организм плода. В статье затронуты проблемы охраны репродуктивного здоровья женщин в рамках персонифицированного подхода в лечении хронического тонзиллофарингита у беременных женщин.

In the structure of otolaryngological diseases chronic tonsillopharyngitis (CTSH) is a common pathology in the adult population (2.84-35%). The problem of treatment of CTSD remains topical, especially in pregnant women, which is connected with the diversity of microflora and the influence of the pathology on the development and outcome of pregnancy. On the basis of a comprehensive evaluation of the results of clinical, laboratory, immunological studies and the state of the microbiocenosis of all pharyngeal compartments in pregnant women the possibilities of conservative treatment of this pathology without a negative impact on the growing fetal body are shown. The article touches upon the problems of reproductive health protection in women within the framework of the personalized approach to treatment of chronic tonsillopharyngitis in pregnant women.
PREVENTION OF HIV INFECTION AMONG MEDICAL PERSONNEL (LITERATURE REVIEW)
Authors: ХАЙБУЛЛАЕВА Г.Ф. , БИЛИБАЕВА Г.Ж. , ОСПАНОВА Д.А. , АЯЗБАЙ Н.А. , ХАЛМИРЗАЕВА М.М.
Published: July 2022

Специалисты по вирусу иммунодефицита человека (ВИЧ) и другие медицинские работники выступают в рамках системы здравоохранения за обеспечение эффективного лечения населения и детей. Эти профилактики можно использовать для информирования внутренней и глобальной политики в отношении инфекционных заболеваний с целью улучшения систем здравоохранения и общественного здравоохранения. Врачи, работающие с ВИЧ/СПИДом, имеют уникальную передовую точку зрения, которой они могут поделиться с политиками относительно того, как программы и политика приносят пользу пациентам и общественному здравоохранению. Цель: Нашей целью было оценить ведению профилактике ВИЧ инфекции среди врачей и средних медицинских персонал. Результаты и выводы: В этой статье обсуждается защита интересов врачей, живущих с ВИЧ, и других медицинских работников в рамках политики в области здравоохранения. Ключевые вопросы включают финансирование программ ВИЧ; защита здоровья беременных и доступ к здравоохранению; улучшение исследовательских возможностей; и продвижение области ВИЧ, включая поддержку нового поколения клиницистов по ВИЧ.

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) specialists and other health care providers advocate within the health care system for effective treatment of the population and children. These prevention efforts can be used to inform domestic and global infectious disease policies to improve health and public health systems. Physicians working with HIV/AIDS have a unique best-practice perspective that they can share with policymakers about how programs and policies benefit patients and public health. Purpose: Our goal was to assess HIV prevention management among physicians and paramedical staff. Results and Conclusions: This article discusses health policy advocacy for physicians living with HIV and other health care providers. Key issues include funding for HIV programs; protecting pregnant women's health and access to health care; improving research capacity; and advancing the field of HIV, including supporting a new generation of HIV clinicians
Efficacy of Nigella sativa extract on abnormalities of cryopreserved sperm of Holstein bulls raised in Iraq
Authors: Alrubaie Naseer H. M. , Alyasiri E. A. , Mohammed O. A.
Published: July 2022

The present study was performed on Holstein bulls at the Department of Artificial Insemination center/ Directorate of Animal Resource, Ministry of Agriculture in Abu-Ghraib, Baghdad, during the period from December 2021 to June 2022.The study was conducted to enrich low semen quality by adding Nigella sativa aqueous extract to semen Tris extender.Three to five years old bulls (No= 4), weighing 500-750 Kg body weight were used for semen collection by artificial vagina (AV) weakly. Bad pooled fresh semen was divided into four groups.First group used a control containing Tris extender only (C), second group added 0.5% NS extract,third group added 2% NS extract, and the fourth group added 4% NS extract.The results revealed different aqueous extract of N.S after zero time and 2 hrs.Post-cooling, for head abnormalities no significant differences (P<0.05) between treatment and control, while it recorded a significant decrease in  T1 and T2, compared with T3 and T4, after 4 hrs., post-cooling and 48 hrs., post freezing  (cryopreservation), mid-piece abnormalities reported no significant differences (P<0.05) in all groups at zero time, after 4 hrs., post-cooling and 24 hrs., post freezing while it recorded a significant decrease (P<0.05) in T2 and T3 compared with T1 and T4 after 2hrs.
Potential role of tinospora cordifolia in management of COVID-19
Authors: Singh Richa , Sharma Luxita
Published: July 2022

Background: Tinospora cordifolia has gained popularity as an immunomodulatory and protective herb. Being anIndian traditional herb, it has found its use in Ayurveda and alternative system of medicine. According to World Health Organization, still 80% of the world population relies on alternative therapies for disease and infirmity. Dearth of medicine and treatment for COVID-19 has pushed researcher towards alternative therapies. This review focuses on the potential role of T.cordifolia in management of Coronavirus disease. Methods:A systematic review has been carried out by searching Google Scholar and SCOPUS Database from the year 2020 onwards. The review is written following the PRISMA Guidelines. Results:A total of 20 studies have been included in the systematic review. These studies are mainly based on molecular docking (in-silico studies), narrative reviews, retrospective studies, animal experimentation and randomized controlled trials. All the studies reported promising results. In silico studies covered the activity of phytochemicals in T.cordifolia and their inhibitory action on viral replication and binding. The experimental studies also showed positive results in human as well as animal models.
intelligent automated monitoring system using video surveillance based recognition
Authors: Ghosh Shyamas Ree , Pemmaiah Ashika B. , Bharti Shruti , Gopika D. , Joshy Neha
Published: July 2022

The current pandemic situation makes it necessary to work in a contactless environment where human intervention is minimalized at most. Video surveillance is an important security asset for monitoring purposes at banks, department stores, highways, and crowded public places. With improved technology and a growing population, surveillance is becoming a key area in research. The best utilization of technology for surveillance is the focus area today. In recent times, object detection has come to the frontline as an important application in the field of Deep Learning. Unlike traditional methods, object detection in deep learning is characterized by its ability to learn features and depict the same. The proposed system aims at creating a platform that reduces/eliminates human intervention for monitoring purposes by using a CCTV camera assisted automated monitoring system. There is scope for automation, which would perform object detection and automatically open the door/gate when the same has been recognized. Here, CNN models are to be used for real-time object detection via the CCTV camera.
Comparison between electrotherapy and manual therapy in cervical radiculopathy: Literature review
Authors: Kushwaha Priya , Verma Rituraj , Khan Sumera , Sharma Monika
Published: July 2022

Background: Cervical radiculopathy (CR) is a broad term that included any dysfunction related to the nerve root on cervical area. Most commonly affected nerve root C6- C7. Cervical radiculopathy is the condition in which patient feel pain, numbness, paraesthesia, tingling effect in cervical hand and upper extremity due to impingement of nerve in cervical area. The cause of nerve impingement is PIVD, instability, trauma, athletic changes; slip disc, cervical foraminal stenosis, and bone spur formation. A large number of Physiotherapy treatment was suggested which are feasible for CR including exercise mobilisation isometric exercise with therapeutic modalities TENS, US, IFT. This study is to discover the efficacy of TENS, IFT, US versus mobilization and isometric exercises, as an intervention for the patients having CR. Aim- -The purpose of this study was to compare manual therapy and electrotherapy in cervical radiculopathy patients. Method- We included 30 articles in this study, 15 for manual therapy and 15 for electrotherapy, based on randomised controlled trials. Manual therapy included isometric exercises, mobilisation, and physical exercises, while electrotherapy included ultrasonography and interferential current. T
La importancia del comercio virtual empresarial en tiempos de postpandemia de covid-19
Authors:   Investigador Independiente, Ecuador., LOZANO TORRES BOLÍVAR VICENTE , CALDERÓN ARGOTI DIEGO JAVIER ,   Investigador Independiente, Ecuador.
Published: July 2022

A finales del año 2019 el mundo experimentó un colapso en todos los sectores: social, educativo, comercial y financiero, debido a la propagación de una enfermedad que se originó en Wuhan, China, a la cual le dieron el nombre de COVID-19, y que logro expandirse muy rápidamente entre los distintos continentes, convirtiéndose en una pandemia, lo que generó consecuencias negativas para todo el mundo, en especial a las empresas, que tuvieron que cerrar sus operaciones y solo se mantenían, abiertas y con restricciones solo aquellas encargadas de productos de primera necesidad, de allí a que optaran por comercializar sus bienes y/o servicios a través del internet, como medio principal para realizar el intercambio y que a través del cual se pone a la vista de las personas los productos y se formaliza el medio de pago electrónico. El objetivo general de esta investigación es analizar la importancia del comercio virtual empresarial en tiempos de postpandemia de Covid-19. La metodología utilizada posee un diseño bibliográfico de tipo documental. Como Conclusiones se puede mencionar que ya por internet se puede comprar desde una aguja hasta un equipo de miles de toneladas. Por eso, este medio se ha convertido en un solucionador de problemas para las personas que optan por usar este servicio. El COVID-19, ha favorecido al comercio virtual, ya que se ha promovido las compras en línea, tendencia que se ha incrementado al transcurrir del tiempo y la tendencia es que siga en aumento hasta que pueda superarse la pandemia.
La administracion en la nueva era digital
Authors:   Investigador Independiente, Ecuador., MUÑOZ SÁNCHEZ KLÉBER PAUL , TOALA VERA WENDY DEL ROCÍO ,   Investigador Independiente, Ecuador.
Published: July 2022

El objetivo general de esta investigación es analizar como la administración se enfrenta en la nueva era digital, de manera que se adapta a los retos y cambios presentes. La metodología empleada se basa en un diseño bibliográfico de tipo documental. La administración es una ciencia que existe desde tiempos muy remotos, y que a través de los años sus procesos se han ido adaptando a los cambios que se han presentado, logrando acoplarse a ellos para dar rendimientos y resultados a las organizaciones. Como conclusión se menciona que en la actualidad la forma de administrar ha sufrido grandes cambios, con miras de conquistar al consumidor o usuario, dentro de estos cambios es importante la adaptación a las nuevas tecnologías nacientes, las cuales simplifican, minimizan y dan fluidez y rapidez a los procesos. La administración, desde su existencia, ha sido moldeable ante los distintos cambios que se han sufrido en el comportamiento de la economía, sin embargo, la obtención de buenos resultados depende de la forma con que las organizaciones asuman las situaciones presentadas, haciendo uso de los distintos procesos administrativos descritos en este texto. En esta nueva era digital las organizaciones deben tomar en cuenta las necesidades del entorno, para ello deben exigir a todos los miembros de la organización transitar por estos cambios originados por la globalización y la tecnología de información, ya que la adaptación de estos cambios serán claves para conseguir el éxito.
Cómo es el análisis de riesgos de los emprendimientos desde la óptica contable
Authors:   Instituto Superior Tecnológico Vicente Rocafuerte, Guayaquil, Ecuador., ALVARADO BARRERA LISSETTE FERNANDA , TIGRE MÉNDEZ JOHN KEVIN ,   Instituto Superior Tecnológico Vicente Rocafuerte, Guayaquil, Ecuador.
Published: July 2022

El objetivo principal de esta investigación es poder comprender como es el análisis de los emprendimientos desde el punto de vista contable. La metodología utilizada está basada en la investigación documental, por medio de la investigación bibliográfica. Una de las principales preocupaciones de toda empresa, son todos los riesgos a los que se encuentran expuestas, y que de forma directa pueden afectar sus operaciones, tanto internas como externas, generando pérdidas económicas considerables, que ocasionarían en muchos casos la quiebra total del negocio. Hoy en día se puede observar el crecimiento del emprendimiento por parte de personas que desean independizarse económicamente y ven este como una vía para lograrlo y a su vez poder aportar a la economía local y nacional de su país. Para lograr llevar a cabo un emprendimiento es necesario, realizar una proyección del negocio, a través de un estudio de factibilidad, que le permita conocer que tan rentable es la idea y si se obtendrán beneficios, tomando igualmente en cuenta los riesgos a los que van a estar expuestos en el desarrollo de su negocio.
¿Existe realmente un proceso de inclusión en los RR.HH. en las organizaciones ecuatorianas? Realidad actual
Authors:   Universidad Estatal del Sur de Manabí, Jipijapa, Ecuador., BERNAL ÁLAVA ÁNGEL FORTUNATO , VÁSCONEZ FUENTES JOSÉ LUIS ,   Universidad Técnica de Ambato, Ambato, Ecuador.
Published: July 2022

El tema de la inclusión laboral, ha sido en los últimos tiempos, muy controversial, permitiendo generar normas y leyes a nivel mundial en contra de la discriminación y la exclusión. No obstante, en Ecuador a pesar de contar con un gran abanico de leyes y normas, según los diferentes autores consultados para la presente investigación, se observa que en algunos RR.HH. de las organizaciones, seleccionan y contratan al personal a su criterio. Por ello, el objetivo de este trabajo es develar cuales son las realidades y utopías de la inclusión laboral, tomando como fundamento una metodología de tipo documental, con un diseño bibliográfico, que permitió identificar las concepciones básicas sobre inclusión, discriminación, exclusión, así como los decretos y normas de las diferentes entidades. Logrando al final argumentar que existen grandes avances en esta materia, pero aún falta por hacer, siendo un largo camino y compromiso no solo de las autoridades del Estado quienes deben ser garantes de que las leyes y normativas se cumplan y ejecuten, sino también de las organizaciones empresariales quienes deben velar por el acatamiento de sus procesos administrativos e inclusive de las mismas personas excluidas, quienes deben internalizar sobre los derechos que les asisten las leyes.
La influencia del mercado cambiario en las economías en familiares de la clase media
Authors:   Universidad de Guayaquil, Guayaquil, Ecuador., ORELLANA INTRIAGO FERNANDO RODOLFO , ESPINOZA JARAMILLO STEFANIA ELIZABETH ,   Investigador Independiente, Ecuador.
Published: July 2022

En Venezuela, el elevado nivel de importaciones, la caída del ingreso petrolero y la fuga de capitales condujeron al gobierno a establecer un régimen de restricciones cambiarias, a partir de 1983. Hoy en día es indispensable en la vida de los venezolanos conocer lo que acontece con el Bolívar y su relación con respecto al dólar estadounidense, especialmente en la economía familiar de la clase media, donde se encuentran trabajadores y funcionarios con salarios fijos. En este ensayo se intenta evaluar la influencia del mercado cambiario en las economías familiares de la clase media en Venezuela, mediante una investigación documental en la que se han recabado publicaciones respecto al tema, para posteriormente ser trianguladas con las teorías de la microeconomía sobre el mercado cambiario. Con la información recabada, se concluye que el mercado cambiario, es de gran importancia para las familias venezolanas, que dependen en su mayoría de los ingresos no laborales y las remesas que envían familiares desde el extranjero y de los cuáles dependen para cubrir al menos ciertas necesidades fundamentales, puesto que permite flexibles transacciones en dólares estadounidenses frente a un bolívar devaluado y afectado por las erradas políticas económicas del gobierno venezolano.
¿Cómo incide la inflación económica sobre el ahorro? Algunas propuestas para la sostenibilidad familiar
Authors:   Universidad de Guayaquil, Guayaquil, Ecuador., ORELLANA INTRIAGO CARLOS ENRIQUE
Published: July 2022

Las economías a nivel mundial han sufrido muchos cambios a lo largo de la historia humana, desde que los países acuñaron sus primeras monedas y se instauraron diversos sistemas económicos y políticas monetarias, los ciudadanos comenzaron a realizar sus transacciones bajo las nuevas reglas económicas, sin embargo las dinámicas propias de cada país, la política entre otros factores han ocasionado otros tipos de fenómenos económicos, entre los que destacan la inflación, la cual incide directamente sobre los precios en los bienes y servicios que el consumidor realiza. Esta investigación tiene como objetivo principal la búsqueda de información de los principales autores de la Escuela Austriaca, como lo son Ludwing Von Mises y Frederick Hayek quienes realizaron aportes importantes en materia de los ciclos en la economía y sus implicancias en la microeconomía, así como plantear los diferentes factores que inciden en el ahorro familiar, tomando en consideración una variable tan importante como lo es la inflación. La investigación se realizó mediante la metodología de la revisión bibliográfica de tipo documental. Arrojo importantes conclusiones sobre la incidencia de los ciclos económicos en la aparición de la inflación y como este factor limita grandemente el ahorro de las familias, imposibilitando tener una estabilidad económica.
Realidad de la inversión extranjera para la sostenibilidad del mercado turístico ecuatoriano
Authors:   Investigador Independiente, Ecuador., BARZOLA LÓPEZ LUIS HUMBERTO , GUERRA MACÍAS KENIA JOHANA ,   Investigador Independiente, Ecuador.
Published: July 2022

La inversión extranjera para cualquier país, significa una oportunidad para la generación de recursos, generación de empleo, y explotación de un factor predominante de la zona el cual puede generar ingresos para el bienestar de la nación. Sin embargo, al momento de realizar una inversión de tal envergadura, es necesario contar con la liquidez suficiente, así como contar con instituciones o entes financieros que puedan financiar y aportar liquidez para llevar a cabo el proyecto. El objetivo de esta investigación es analizar la realidad de la inversión extranjera para la sostenibilidad del mercado turístico ecuatoriano, para que se pueda conocer de forma más específica que factores influyen en lograr una sostenibilidad que permita que el país mejore sus condiciones de vida, y se disminuyan los porcentajes de pobreza y desempleo. El sector turístico ecuatoriano, si bien es cierto que no aporta el mayor porcentaje de PIB es un sector con grandes oportunidades, sin embargo, aún no ha podido alcanzar su máximo esplendor. Gracias a la emergencia sanitaria el gobierno volvió sus ojos al turismo como un sector con gran potencial económico sin embargo el trabajo que requiere para llamar la atención de inversionistas extranjeros requieren de un gran esfuerzo mancomunado. Más allá del gobierno y sus instituciones encargadas para promover la inversión extranjera y que consideren el turismo ecuatoriano como una ventaja económica para el país es fundamental que los mismos habitantes y dueños de emprendimientos turísticos sean portavoces de las capacidades y bondades que tiene el país para atraer visitantes extranjeros que se interesen por invertir y lograr mayores beneficios económicos.
The Case for Medium Dependence: Comment on Neurocognitive Mechanisms by Gualtiero Piccinini
Authors: Chirimuuta Mazviita
Published: July 2022

This commentary focuses on Piccinini's claim that neural signalling uses medium-independent vehicles, a claim which is crucial in the arguments given for the computational theory of cognition. I argue that Piccinini overestimates the role of spiking in the brain, and underestimates
the significance of chemical signalling within and between neurons. There are important implications for how we should understand sui generis neural computation.