bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Choquard-type equations with Hardy–Littlewood–Sobolev upper-critical growth
Authors: Cassani Daniele , Zhang Jianjun
Published: June 2018

We are concerned with the existence of ground states and qualitative properties of solutions for a class of nonlocal Schrödinger equations. We consider the case in which the nonlinearity exhibits critical growth in the sense of the Hardy–Littlewood–Sobolev inequality, in the range of the so-called upper-critical exponent. Qualitative behavior and concentration phenomena of solutions are also studied. Our approach turns out to be robust, as we do not require the nonlinearity to enjoy monotonicity nor Ambrosetti–Rabinowitz-type conditions, still using variational methods.
Unfolding the Genome: The Case Study of P. falciparum
Authors: Varoquaux Nelle
Published: June 2018

The development of new ways to probe samples for the three-dimensional (3D) structure of DNA paves the way for in depth and systematic analyses of the genome architecture. 3C-like methods coupled with high-throughput sequencing can now assess physical interactions between pairs of loci in a genome-wide fashion, thus enabling the creation of genome-by-genome contact maps. The spreading of such protocols creates many new opportunities for methodological development: how can we infer 3D models from these contact maps? Can such models help us gain insights into biological processes?

Several recent studies applied such protocols to P. falciparum (the deadliest of the five human malaria parasites), assessing its genome organization at different moments of its life cycle. With its small genomic size, fairly simple (yet changing) genomic organization during its lifecyle and strong correlation between chromatin folding and gene expression, this parasite is the ideal case study for applying and developing methods to infer 3D models and use them for downstream analysis.

Here, I review a set of methods used to build and analyse three-dimensional models from contact maps data with a special highlight on P. falciparum’s genome organization.
Phaseless inverse problems with interference waves
Authors: Romanov Vladimir G. , Yamamoto Masahiro
Published: June 2018

Two phaseless inverse problems for elliptic equations are considered.
We assume that information related to modulus of full fields, which consist of sums of
incident and scattering fields, is given. These full fields are the interference fields
generated by point sources. We introduce a set of auxiliary point sources
for solving the inverse problems and demonstrate that the corresponding data allow us to solve the inverse
problems in a way similar to the case of measurements of scattering waves.
The expectation mismatch effect in accentedness perception of Asian and Caucasian non-native speakers of English
Authors: Gnevsheva Ksenia
Published: June 2018

Previous research on speech perception has found an effect of ethnicity, such that the same audio clip may be rated more accented when presented with an Asian face (Rubin, Donald L. 1992. Nonlanguage factors affecting undergraduates’ judgments of nonnative English-speaking teaching assistants. Research in Higher Education 33(4). 511–531. doi: 10.1007/bf00973770). However, most previous work has concentrated on Asian non-native English speakers, and Caucasian speakers remain under-explored. In this study, listeners carried out an accentedness rating task using stimuli from first language Korean, German, and English speakers in 3 conditions: audio only, video only, and audiovisual. Korean speakers received similar accentedness ratings regardless of condition, but German speakers were rated significantly less accented in the video condition and more accented in the audiovisual condition than the audio one. This result is explained as an expectation mismatch effect, whereby, when the listeners saw a Caucasian speaker they did not expect to hear a foreign accent, but if they actually heard one it was made more salient by their expectation to the contrary.
Gütekriterien qualitativer Sozialforschung. Ein Diskussionsanstoß
Authors: Strübing Jörg , Hirschauer Stefan , Ayaß Ruth , Krähnke Uwe , Scheffer Thomas
Published: June 2018

Der Beitrag expliziert Gütekriterien der qualitativen Sozialforschung. Er geht von der Prämisse aus, dass Qualitätsmerkmale in diesem Segment empirischer Sozialforschung nur unter konsequentem Rekurs auf die spezifischen Funktionsbedingungen interpretativer und rekonstruktiver Verfahren zu bestimmen sind. Fünf Kriterien werden vorgeschlagen:Gegenstandsangemessenist eine Weise der Herstellung des Forschungsgegenstandes, die das empirische Feld ernst nimmt und Methoden, Fragestellungen und Datentypen einer fortlaufenden Justierungsanforderung unterwirft.Empirische Sättigungreflektiert die Güte der Verankerung von Interpretationen im Datenmaterial.Theoretische Durchdringungmarkiert die Qualität der Theoriebezüge, in die das Forschen eingespannt ist, und arbeitet an deren Irritationspotential.Textuelle Performanzbezeichnet die Leistung, die Texte als Güte konstituierende Kommunikation gegenüber Rezipientinnen der Forschung zu erbringen haben.Originalitätschließlichist das Kriterium, an dem die Einlösung des Neuigkeitsanspruchs wissenschaftlichen Wissens zu prüfen ist.
Ethnic Discrimination in the German Housing Market
Authors: Horr Andreas , Hunkler Christian , Kroneberg Clemens
Published: June 2018

Ethnic discrimination in the housing market has long been seen as a cause of residential segregation and social inequality. While research has investigated the existence and extent of discrimination with regard to written applications for housing, little is known about personal inquiries via telephone. This study reports on findings from a telephone audit study that has allowed us to estimate the impact of (ethnic) accents and to distinguish between taste-based and statistical discrimination. We find no significant discrimination against callers with Turkish names. However, callers with both a Turkish name and accent were invited to view apartments significantly less often. Information about steady employment compensated for this disadvantage to a large extent. We conclude that statistical discrimination plays a major role in explaining why persons of Turkish origin receive fewer invitations to view apartments.
La profesión periodística española a la deriva
Authors: Gomez Patiño Maria
Published: June 2018

La profesión periodística española está sufriendo una transformación integral, que afecta a la calidad de “lo publicado” y a la “percepción de la opinión pública”. La precariedad de los medios de comunicación, especialmente los tradicionales, está reduciendo dramáticamente la calidad de los trabajos periodísticas, lo cual entra en conflicto con los eslóganes del periodismo que son axiomáticos: 1) sin periodismo no hay democracia; 2) sin democracia no hay periodismo, 3) sin ellos no hay opinión pública. Se precisa un nuevo modo de pensar y de hacer el periodismo, desde la formación y el desarrollo de la profesión. Metodológicamente, además de presentar datos estadísticos significativos para poder analizar la evolución de la profesión, se parte del ethical witnessing profesional, que tiene como punto de partida la observación profesional desde el “deber ser”, desde los imperativos profesionales para que el Periodismo pueda cumplir con todas sus funciones sociales.  La revisión profesional desde la teoría y la praxis arrojan unos resultados que evidencian la necesidad de un nuevo paradigma periodístico, recuperando para ello todos los principios rectores desde la profesión, desde las últimas tecnologías. Solo una conciliación armónica de los fundamentos periodísticos clásicos del periodismo, junto a la aplicación de las más innovadoras tecnologías, devolverán al periodismo el lugar social, económico y político que nunca debió haber abandonado.
Narrativas corporales: la danza como creación de sentido
Authors: Toro Calonje Alejandra , Lopez-Aparicio Pérez Isidro
Published: June 2018

Desde los orígenes de la humanidad, la danza ha resentido la necesidad permanente de definirse como arte. Su falta de códigos para leerla, su ausencia de legitimidad en los círculos poderosos, la emergencia de la danza contemporánea –que rompió los parámetros fijados por el ballet clásico–, han dificultado su acercamiento por las grandes disciplinas: la definición que de ella han aportado la Filosofía, la Antropología o la Historia no sabría ser suficiente para darle hoy a la danza su verdadera profundidad. De ahí que esté surgiendo una corriente investigativa pluridisciplinar que aún busca sus raíces para consolidarse, y que tiene como especificidad la práctica misma de la danza: la investigación en danza. ¿Qué es la danza? ¿Qué trasmite un cuerpo que baila? ¿Cómo comunica la danza? Desde un recorrido histórico del surgimiento de la danza contemporánea, responderemos a estos interrogantes examinando sus formas de narrativa. Nuestra conclusión –que dista de estar cerrada– establecerá que la danza tiene que ver con el cuerpo, la memoria, la emoción, la percepción, la alteridad. Con la creación de sentido, concepto que tomamos de Aude Thuries, Doctora en investigación en danza. Una propuesta que podríamos denominar una “lingüística de la danza”.
Surrogate Measures for Traffic Safety Evaluation in Developing Countries: An Application Toward Sustainable Safety
Authors: Mahmud S. M. Sohel , Ferreira Luis , Hoque Md. Shamsul , Tavassoli Ahmad
Published: June 2018

Road traffic crashes have significant negative social, economic, and infrastructure consequences, particularly in developing countries. The methods for evaluating the causal factors to identify appropriate interventions and to mitigate the problem are causes of great concern in those countries. One of the major reasons is that the evaluation methods are still based on traditional approaches, which mainly rely on the reported crash records. The underreporting coupled with the incomplete and inconsistent recording of crashes is a major issue in such settings. Poor timelines, ethical issues, biasness, and human error are also critical issues. Using a case study from Bangladesh, an assessment of the data quality of reported crash databases is presented in this article. The approach offers a means to develop and apply a robust method that can yield targeted safety measures without the need for using crash data. The application of traffic conflict techniques, which has gained research interest as a proactive surrogate approach, could be a better alternative. However, the testing and application of this approach are still confined to the lane-based homogeneous traffic environment, which mainly prevails in developed countries. Considering the traffic characteristics and limited facilities in developing countries, this article outlines an adapted framework for safety evaluation using a traffic conflict technique. The adapted technique has been applied in a major highway section of Bangladesh and validated by comparing the characteristics of the estimated conflicts and real crash data. Finally, future research directions for achieving sustainable road safety objectives in developing countries are outlined.
The Surgical Management of Ebstein Anomaly
Authors: Reyes Karl M. , Jeng Eric I-Hun , Cooke Susan , Hall David , Bleiweis Mark S.
Published: June 2018

Among all congenital heart disease, Ebstein anomaly is the lesion with the widest spectrum of presentation. It can present as early as the neonatal period where immediate intervention is often needed to the adult with no discernable symptoms. It is also one where overall outcome greatly relates to age at presentation. Generally, presentation in the neonatal period is associated with poor outcomes while presentation beyond the neonatal period has excellent outcomes with low operative mortality. It is thus apparent that understanding every aspect of the anatomy and physiology of Ebstein anomaly and how it manifests clinically is paramount to successful treatment. The purpose of this review is to outline the current concepts and strategies in the surgical management of Ebstein anomaly, and to discuss the current expert consensus on how best to tackle this congenital heart disease at different ages of diagnosis.
MECHANISMS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY: Rare defects in adrenal steroidogenesis
Authors: Miller Walter L
Published: June 2018

Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) is a group of genetic disorders of adrenal steroidogenesis that impair cortisol synthesis, with compensatory increases in ACTH leading to hyperplastic adrenals. The term ‘CAH’ is generally used to mean ‘steroid 21-hydroxylase deficiency’ (21OHD) as 21OHD accounts for about 95% of CAH in most populations; the incidences of the rare forms of CAH vary with ethnicity and geography. These forms of CAH are easily understood on the basis of the biochemistry of steroidogenesis. Defects in the steroidogenic acute regulatory protein, StAR, disrupt all steroidogenesis and are the second-most common form of CAH in Japan and Korea; very rare defects in the cholesterol side-chain cleavage enzyme, P450scc, are clinically indistinguishable from StAR defects. Defects in 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, which also causes disordered sexual development, were once thought to be fairly common, but genetic analyses show that steroid measurements are generally unreliable for this disorder. Defects in 17-hydroxylase/17,20-lyase ablate synthesis of sex steroids and also cause mineralocorticoid hypertension; these are common in Brazil and in China. Isolated 17,20-lyase deficiency can be caused by rare mutations in at least three different proteins. P450 oxidoreductase (POR) is a co-factor used by 21-hydroxylase, 17-hydroxylase/17,20-lyase and aromatase; various POR defects, found in different populations, affect these enzymes differently. 11-Hydroxylase deficiency is the second-most common form of CAH in European populations but the retention of aldosterone synthesis distinguishes it from 21OHD. Aldosterone synthase deficiency is a rare salt-losing disorder. Mild, ‘non-classic’ defects in all of these factors have been described. Both the severe and non-classic disorders can be treated if recognized.
gQTL: A Web Application for QTL Analysis Using the Collaborative Cross Mouse Genetic Reference Population
Authors: Konganti Kranti , Ehrlich Andre , Rusyn Ivan , Threadgill David W
Published: June 2018

Multi-parental recombinant inbred populations, such as the Collaborative Cross (CC) mouse genetic reference population, are increasingly being used for analysis of quantitative trait loci (QTL). However specialized analytic software for these complex populations is typically built in R that works only on command-line, which limits the utility of these powerful resources for many users. To overcome analytic limitations, we developed gQTL, a web accessible, simple graphical user interface application based on the DOQTL platform in R to perform QTL mapping using data from CC mice.
Serum miRNA-122 is an Independent Biomarker of Survival in Patients with Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis
Authors: Friedrich Kilian , Baumann Carina , Wannhoff Andreas , Rupp Christian , Mehrabi Arianeb , Weiss Karl Heinz , Gotthardt Daniel
Published: June 2018

Background & Aims: The disease course of primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is variable and difficult to predict. MicroRNA-122 (miR-122) is associated with various liver diseases. We investigated the value of miR-122 as a biomarker for the disease course of PSC.Methods: We determined serum miR-122 levels in a long-term, prospective cohort of 114 PSC patients anda second validation cohort.Results: Based on miR-122 levels, PSC patients were assigned to low or high level miR-122 groups. Kaplan- Meier analysis showed significantly impaired actuarial transplant-free survival for PSC patients in the low miR-122 group (mean: 46.1 ± 4.1 months; 95% confidence intervals [CI]: 38.1–54.2) compared to the high miR- 122 group (mean: 95.2 ± 7.9 months; 95% CI: 79.5–110.8; p = 0.034). Using a multivariate Cox’s proportional hazards model approach, Mayo-Risk score (odds ratio [OR]: 1.47; 95% CI: 1.13‒1.92; p = 0.004), the presence of dominant strictures (OR: 2.62; 95% CI: 1.00‒5.55; p = 0.004), and serum miR-122 levels (OR: 1.19; 95% CI: 1.00‒1.43; p = 0.045) were independent risk factors associated with reduced actuarial transplant-free survival. We were able to confirm this finding in a second, independent cohort of PSC patients (low miR-122 group: mean survival: 13.1 ± 5.2 months; 95% CI: 2.8–23.4; high miR-122 group: mean: 28.62 ± 4.2 months; 95% CI: 20.3–37.0; p = 0.018).Conclusions: We identified miR-122 as a novel, independent prognostic biomarker associated with improved survival in PSC patients. It is unknown whether exogenous miR-122 might influence the disease course of PSC patients.
Gastrointestinal Endoscopy in Patients on Direct Oral Anticoagulants. A Consensus Paper of the Romanian Society of Gastroenterology and Hepatology
Authors: Farcas Andreea , Bataga Simona , Cijevschi Cristina , Diculescu Mircea , Dobru Daniela , Dumitru Eugen , Goldis Adrian , Nedelcu Laurentiu , Popescu Alina , Sporea Ioan , Trifan Anca , Valean Simona , Gheorghe Cristian , Dumitrascu Dan Lucian
Published: June 2018

Management of patients undergoing endoscopy and under treatment with the newer direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) is a common and a complex clinical issue that gastroenterologists have to face more and more often these days. The increasing use of DOACs in patients requiring both short- and long-term anticoagulation is mostly due to the advantages these agents offer, among which the lack of monitoring requirements and the reduced need of dose adjustments are perhaps the most important ones. Managing these patients in the peri-endoscopic period implies balancing the risk for thrombosis that a certain patient carries and the bleeding risk associated with the endoscopic procedure itself. The Romanian Society of Gastroenterology and Hepatology decided to create a consensus paper to serve to practitioners and teachers. After reviewing the available published data and existing recommendations, a Delphi consensus process was carried out involving the leaders of opinion in this field. After reaching expert consensus, we provide herein guidance for a practical approach of DOACs therapy management in patients with endoscopic interventions.
A Seroprevalence Study for Hepatitis B Virus Markers of Infection in Pregnant Women in Romania: Results and Opportunities for Prevention
Authors: Popovici Odette , Radu Rodica , Romaniuc Angela , Azoicăi Doina
Published: June 2018

Background & Aims: The Action Plan for viral hepatites in the WHO European Region aims to eliminate them as a public health threat by the end of 2030. The hepatitis B virus (HBV) perinatal transmission is a problem of major concern. The aim of our study was to estimate the prevalence of HBV markers in pregnant women in Romania, as scientific evidence for recommending public health interventions.Methods. The serum samples were prospectively collected in randomly selected maternities, from pregnant women admitted for birth beginning with July 1st, 2016. Signed informed consent was requested and the confidentiality of personal data was assured. The laboratory investigations were performed in two regional public health laboratories.Results. The prevalence of HBsAg was 5.1%. Among HBsAg positives, the HBeAg was present in 7.4% and the anti-HBeAb were detected in 55.6% of the pregnant women.Conclusion.The results of the study were comparable to those in 2013 for the women of the same age group, which proves the need for established public health interventions leading to reducing, and halting HBV transmission in the population.
Helicobacter Pylori Eradication Therapy is Not Associated with the Onset of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases. A Case-Control Study
Authors: Rosania Rosa , Arnim Ulrike Von , Link Alexander , Rajilic-Stojanovic Mirjana , Franck Caspar , Canbay Ali , Malfertheiner Peter , Venerito Marino
Published: June 2018

Background & Aims: A negative association between H. pylori and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has been previously reported. There were also case reports suggesting a new onset of IBD 6-12 months after H. pylori eradication therapy. In a case-control study we investigated whether previous H. pylori eradication therapy was associated with the risk of developing IBD.Methods: IBD outpatients with both Crohn´s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) were enrolled. Age- and sex-matched blood donors served as controls in a 1:2 fashion. Information on demographics, medical history, previous H. pylori infection and eradication therapy was recorded. Serum samples for H. pylori serology testing (anti-H. pylori-IgG and anti-CagA-IgG) were obtained. Controls that received H. pylori eradication therapy during the 12 months previous to enrollment were excluded.Results: Overall, 127 IBD patients (CD N= 90; UC N= 37) and 254 controls were enrolled. The prevalence of H. pylori infection (positive H. pylori serology and/or previous eradication) in IBD patients and controls was 11% and 23%, respectively (OR 0.4, 95% CI 0.21-0.74, p<0.003). Four patients (3%) developed IBD (3 MC and 1 CU) after receiving successful H. pylori eradication (latency 6-12 months). The rate of previous H. pylori eradication therapy in patents who successively developed IBD was lower but not statistically different from that observed in the control group (OR 0.43, 95% CI 0.14-1.29, p=0.16).Conclusions: In our study previous H. pylori eradication therapy was not associated with the onset of IBD.Whether in a subgroup of patients, H. pylori eradication therapy may trigger a latent IBD, cannot be excluded.
Centralized Care For Acute Pancreatitis Significantly Improves Outcomes
Authors: Gódi Szilárd , Erőss Bálint , Gyömbér Zsuzsanna , Szentesi Andrea , Farkas Nelli , Párniczky Andrea , Sarlós Patrícia , Bajor Judit , Czimmer József , Mikó Alexandra , Márta Katalin , Hágendorn Roland , Márton Zsolt , Verzár Zsófia , Czakó László , Szepes Zoltán , Vincze Áron , Hegyi Péter
Published: June 2018

Aims: In this observational study, we investigated whether specialized care improves outcomes for acute pancreatitis (AP).Methods: Consecutive patients admitted to two university hospitals with AP were enrolled in this study between 1 January 2016 and 31 December 2016 (Center A: specialized center; Center B: general hospital). Data on demographic characteristics and AP etiology, severity, mortality and quality of care (enteral nutrition and antibiotic use) were extracted from the Hungarian Acute Pancreatitis Registry. An independent sample t-test, Mann–Whitney test, chi-squared test or Fisher’s test were used for statistical analyses. Costs of care were calculated and compared in the two models of care.Results: There were 355 patients enrolled, 195 patients in the specialized center (Center A) and 160 patients in the general hospital (Center B). There was no difference in mean age (57.02 ±17.16 vs. 57.31 ±16.50 P=0.872) and sex ratio (56% males vs. 57% males, P=0.837) between centres, allowing a comparison without selection bias. Center A had lower mortality (n=2, 1.03% vs. n=16, 6.25%, p=0.007), more patients received enteral feeding (n=179, 91.8%, vs. n=36, 22.5%, p<0.001) and fewer patients were treated with antibiotics (n=85, 43.6% vs. n=123, 76.9%, p=0.001). In Center A the median length of hospitalization was shorter (Me 6, IQR 5–9 vs. Me 8, IQR 6–11, p=0.02) and the costs of care were by 25% lower.Conclusion: Our data suggests that treatment of AP in specialized centers reduces mortality, length of hospitalization and thus might reduce the costs.
Efficacy and Safety of Sofosbuvir-containing Regimens in Chronic Hepatitis C Patients with Genotype 2 and 3: a Comprehensive Analysis of 18 Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Fan Haozhi , Huang Peng , Tian Ting , Wu Jingjing , Xia Xueshan , Feng Yue , Wang Jie , Yu Rongbin , Zhang Yun , Yue Ming
Published: June 2018

Background and Aim: Sofosbuvir is a hepatitis C virus (HCV) NS5B polymerase inhibitor. The objective of this study was to explore the efficacy and safety of sofosbuvir for HCV genotype (GT) 2 and 3 infected patients.Method: We searched randomized controlled trials (RCTs) which analyzed the efficacy and safety of sofosbuvircontaining regimens for HCV GT 2/3 infected patients and collected data. The endpoints were sustained virological response 12- and 24-weeks after the cessation of therapy (SVR12 and SVR24), the adverse events (AEs) and the severe adverse events (SAEs).Results: Eighteen trials comprising 2,975 HCV GT 2/3 infected patients were included. The pooled estimate SVR12, SVR24, AEs and SAEs rates were 84.6% (95% CI: 83.2-86.0), 83.7% (95% CI: 82.0-85.2), 83.8 (95% CI: 82.3-85.3) and 3.9 (95% CI: 3.2-4.8). The SVR12 rate of sofosbuvir-containing regimens for HCV GT 2 infection was higher than that for HCV GT 3 infection (95.7% vs. 80.8%). The sofosbuvir combined with velpatasvir (with or without ribavirin) regimen presented a higher SVR12 rate and lower AEs rate than the sofosbuvir combined with ribavirin (with or without peg-IFN) regimen (94.9% vs. 80.7% for SVR12 rate; 69.3% vs. 87.7% for AEs rate).Conclusions: The sofosbuvir-containing regimens in patients with HCV GT 2 infection have better efficacy than in patients with HCV GT 3 infection.
The Parasitological Survey of “Assessment of the Prevalence and Burden of Soil Transmitted Helminthiasis among the three at-risk groups in Bangladesh”
Authors: Nasreen Dr. Hasina , Karim Dr. Jahirul , Rahman Dr. Mujibur , Joshi Dr. Anand
Published: June 2018

Intestinal worm infestation is a global health problem. Soil-transmitted helminth (STH) infections form the most important group of intestinal worms affecting two billion people worldwide, causing considerable morbidity and suffering, though entirely preventable. In March 2017, STH Program implemented, for the first time, the Integrated Community-based Survey for STH Program Monitoring (ICSPM). The ICSPM seeks to provide the STH Program monitoring data to improve evidence-based program decision making toward elimination of STH in Bangladesh. Children without Worms provided technical and funding support (with Johnson & Johnson) for the surveys. Firstly, provide statistically valid, district-level estimates of STH prevalence and intensity of infection that are specific to, and representative of key STH at-risk age groups. Secondly, assess potential factors affecting STH infection rates including recent preventive chemotherapy coverage, sanitation coverage, and specific hygiene-related behaviors. STH control activities are more diffuse, aiming to piggy-back de-worming onto existing services such as school health activities; controlling morbidity, rather than eliminating infection, is the stated goal. In order to maximize health benefits to communities, it is vitally important that policy makers and program managers have a clear understanding of STH and implement control programs that allocate available resources in an optimal manner.
Sustained service: a community-driven framework for longitudinal service-learning
Authors: Robison Don , Leader Alexandra , Gathambo Maryanne , Madison Erin , St. Thomas Alicia
Published: June 2018

This article was migrated. The article was marked as recommended. The sustained service four-year longitudinal framework for medical school service-learning is introduced and defined. Framework benefits include: students can engage deeply over time with both the people they serve and their colleagues, they are immersed in the social determinants of health in authentic contexts, and they grow in the expertise required to perform their service over time. The approach starts with a sophisticated community needs assessment that relies on systematic inclusion of community voices, community leader inputs, and systematic and data-saturated inputs. This needs assessment should result in a six to eight item list of the community's priority needs. All student service is then focused on the primary needs identified in the assessment. Goals of the framework are described: to make a difference with the community's priority needs; to grow the identity, skills and paradigms required of a community-responsive physician; and to strengthen student credentials through objective qualifications related to their sustained service. The culminating activity is a Capstone research project that focuses on the served population and gives students an opportunity to synthesize their experience. Initial results describing the community impact of service, the focus of service hours, and candid student reactions to the approach are presented. Discussions of findings and conclusions are offered.
Roundabout entry capacity models: genetic programming approach
Authors: Patnaik Ashish Kumar , Chaulia Saswat , Bhuyan Prasanta Kumar
Published: June 2018

The aim of this study was to develop three roundabout entry capacity models (RECMs) by employing evolutionary-based regression techniques such as genetic programming (GP), age-layered population structure genetic programming (ALPSGP) and grammatical evolution genetic programming (GEGP) in mixed traffic conditions. Necessary data were collected from 27 roundabouts located in eight states in India. The influence area for gap acceptance method was used to determine the critical gap. To assess the significance of the models and select the best, the modified rank index was applied. The results showed that the GEGP model performed better than the GP and ALPSGP models. The GEGP model is also applicable in practice because of its simplicity. Sensitivity analysis revealed that the critical gap is the prime variable in the development of RECMs. The findings of this study should be useful for traffic planners and designers in the capacity estimation of roundabouts in mixed traffic conditions in developing countries with traffic characteristics similar to those in India.
Alıç (crataegus monogyna) meyvesinden polifenol oksidaz enziminin kısmi saflaştırılması ve karakterizasyonu
Authors: TÜRKHAN Ayşe , KAYA Elif Duygu , YILMAZ İbrahim
Published: June 2018

Bu
çalışmada, Alıç (crataegus monogyna) meyvesinden polifenol oksidaz (PFO) enzimi,
soğuk aseton çöktürmesi metodu kullanılarak kısmi olarak saflaştırılmış ve
karakterize edilmiştir. Enzimin optimum pH ve optimum sıcaklık değerleri
sırasıyla 5.0 ve 30°C olarak belirlenmiştir. Katekol substratı için Lineweaver-Burk
eğrisi ile maksimum reaksiyon hızı (Vmaks) ve Michaelis–Menten
sabiti (Km) değerleri sırası ile 5507 U/mL.dak ve 12.72 mM olarak
hesaplanmıştır. İnhibisyon çalışmaları polifenol oksidazın yaygın inhibitörleri
olan askorbik asit, sodyum metabisülfit ve benzoik asit ile yapılmış ve IC50 değerleri sırasıyla 0.012
mM, 0.099 mM, 2.21 mM olarak tespit edilmiştir. Farklı fenolik substratlarla
yapılan substrat spesifikliği çalışmasında enzimin katekol substratına duyarlılığının
4-metil katekol ve L-tirosin substratlarına göre daha fazla olduğu tespit
edilmiştir.
Time-dependent system reliability under stress-strength setup
Authors: Gökdere G. , Gürcan M.
Published: June 2018

Consider a system which has n independent components whose time dependent strengths YtY t Y t 1 ( ), , , 2 ( ) … n ( ) are independent
identically distributed random processes. Let random processes XtX t X t 1 ( ), , , 2 ( ) … m ( ) denote the common multiple stresses
experienced by the components at time t . The reliabilities of the components in the system can chance as a result of their deterioration or in consequence of variable stresses over time. Degradation in components reliabilities in the system can lead to the
degradation of the entire system reliability. In this paper, we propose a new method for determining the time dependent component
reliability of the system under stress-strength setup. The proposed method provides a simple way for evaluating the reliability of
the system at a certain time period. Computational results are also presented for the reliability of coherent system and consecutive
k -out-of- n system.
Concentration analysis of gases formed in mineral oil, natural ester, and synthetic ester by discharges of high energy
Authors: Przybyłek P. , Gielniak J.
Published: June 2018

The paper describes physical foundations of gases generation in different electroinsulating liquids. The authors reviewed literature concerning the analysis of gases generated in these liquids as a result of discharges of low energy. The main purpose of the
research was to compare gases formed in mineral oil, natural ester, and synthetic ester resulting from discharges of high energy,
which has not been studied so far. The comparison was done both in terms of gases composition and their concentration. The
purpose of the research was to give an answer to the question: which of the analysed liquids ensure higher operation safety if there
is a discharge of high energy in the insulating system
Testing of an industrial robot’s accuracy and repeatability in off and online environment
Authors: Płaczek M. , Piszczek Ł.
Published: June 2018

The paper discusses issues concerning the accuracy and repeatability tests of the positioning of the Kuka KR 16-2 industrial robot.
The results of laboratory tests of an industrial robot, as well as a comparison of robot motion paths in the Robcad environment
with the real robot motion paths are presented. In order to register movement paths in the laboratory conditions, the laser tracker
Faro Vantage was used. Frequent necessity to correct programs of industrial robots created in the offline environment, is a results,
among others, from the insufficient experience of people who carry out programming, the environment in which robots work and
the parameters of the robots themselves, and therefore their accuracy and repeatability. It is connected with the extension of the
start-up time and high costs. The work describes the measurement method and attempts to determine the influence of the type of
route and motion parameters on the accuracy and repeatability of robot. The accuracy of mapping of simulated robot motion in a
virtual environment was also verified.
Evaluation on gas supply reliability of urban gas pipeline network
Authors: Li J. , Yan M. , Yu J.
Published: June 2018

As one of the lifeline projects, an urban gas network is a complex system, as it requires maintenance of the supply capacity when
any single pipeline is isolated due to failure. For such a system, its reliability needs to be evaluated. Considering that existing
structural reliability and hydraulic reliability analyses reflect different aspects of the working conditions of an urban gas network,
system reliability theory is employed to explain that only the gas supply reliability can achieve a comprehensive evaluation of the
work capacity of the entire urban gas network, as it takes into account the combined influence of the structural reliability and
hydraulic reliability. To calculate the parameters in the gas supply reliability evaluation, such as pipeline failure rate, flow reduction in the gas network under different failure conditions, etc., some research achievements in the field of structural reliability
and hydraulic reliability are fully utilized. Then, the detailed calculation procedures of these parameters are given to evaluate the
gas supply reliability in terms of operational and practical considerations. Finally, using an example of a simple double-loop gas
network, the detailed process of the gas supply reliability evaluation of an urban gas network is described, and the feasibility of
this evaluation method is also illustrated.
Running Head: Video Game Nostalgia and Retro Gaming
Authors: Wulf Tim , Bowman Nicholas D. , Rieger Diana , Velez John A. , Breuer Johannes
Published: June 2018

This article conceptually integrates research on the experience of nostalgia—defined as a predominantly positive, social, and past-oriented emotion—into the fold of video game research. We emphasize the role of nostalgia as an explanation for contemporary retro gaming trends, and suggest that nostalgia towards gaming events is a necessary area of research. To those ends, we broadly review existing literature on nostalgia before specifically focusing on media-induced nostalgia, and demonstrate how theoretical and empirical observations from this work can be applied to understand video game nostalgia. In particular, we argue that engaging in older gaming experiences indirectly (via memories) and even directly (via replaying or recreating experiences) elicits nostalgia, which in turn contributes to players' self-optimization and enhanced well-being. Moreover, as gamers and the medium mature together, nostalgic experiences with the medium are likely to become increasingly prevalent. The broad aim of this article is to offer future directions for research on video game nostalgia and provide a research agenda for research in this area.
Cyclodialysis diagnosis and treatment revisited
Authors: Litvinova Yekaterina A. , Laptev Danil A. , Nikolaenko Vadim P. , Koulicov Vladimir S.
Published: June 2018

The article presents clinical cases of diagnosis and treatment of patients with cyclodialysis of different extension.
Conhecimento dos cirurgiões dentistas sobre o uso de anestésicos locais em pacientes: diabéticos, hipertensos, cardiopatas, gestantes e com hipertireoidismo
Authors: Fabris Vínicius , Scortegagna Ariane Ruaro , Oliveira Gabriel Rodrigues , Scortegagna Gabriela Trentin , Malmann Fernando
Published: June 2018

Anestésicos locais, contendo ou não vasoconstritores, são utilizados para realização da maioria dos procedimentos odontológicos. Porém, seu uso inadequado, principalmente em casos de alteração sistêmica, pode acarretar sérios riscos para a saúde do paciente. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o nível de conhecimento dos cirurgiões dentistas (CDs) com relação à utilização de anestésicos locais, frente à pacientes especiais com diabetes, hipertensão, cardiopatias, gestantes e com hipertireoidismo. O estudo teve um delineamento quantitativo do tipo transversal com dados coletados através de questionário adaptado pela equipe como único instrumento para coleta de dados. Os dados foram submetidos à análise estatística descritiva e inferencial. De 200 participantes, 17% eram acadêmicos formandos em odontologia, e, dentre os formados, a maioria (34 %) tinha de 1 a 5 anos ou de 6 a 10 anos (16%) de formação. Do total de participantes graduados, 43% não possuíam especialização e 57% eram especialistas. Os resultados demostraram baixa taxa de acertos global (62%) entre os participantes. Quanto as categorias de pacientes especiais, observamos bom nível de conhecimento sobre o uso de anestésicos em pacientes diabéticos (79%), hipertensos (73%) e nível razoável para gestantes (65%) e pacientes com hipertireoidismo (62%). Entretanto, 60% erraram as questões relacionadas a cardiopatias. Ademais, foi insuficiente o percentual daqueles que afirmaram aferir a P.A no início dos atendimentos (45%), assim como, daqueles que consideram-se preparados para atender pacientes especiais (36%). Concluiu-se que o nível de conhecimento dos CDs relacionado ao atendimento de pacientes especiais é insuficiente havendo diferença significativa entre especialistas e clínicos.
Lesões cervicais não-cariosas de abfração: prevalência e relação com bruxismo do sono
Authors: Modanese Daniela , Canevese Volni Augusto , Alessandretti Rodrigo , Oro Spazzin Aloísio , Borges Radaelli Manuel Tomás
Published: June 2018

As lesões cervicais não cariosas (LCNCs) são caracterizadas pela perda da estrutura dentária localizada na região próxima a junção cemento-esmalte. O bruxismo do sono é uma parafunção caracterizada pelo contato não-funcional dos dentes durante o sono, manifestada pelo apertar ou ranger dos mesmos. Considerando que uma das possíveis etiologias das LCNCs é a sobrecarga oclusal, torna-se importante a compreensão da relação entre a prevalência destas lesões e os fatores de sobrecarga presentes no meio oral. Objetivo: Avaliar a prevalência de LCNCs do tipo abfração e sua relação com o diagnóstico positivo de bruxismo do sono em uma amostra de pacientes da IMED e CEOM. Metodologia: Este foi um estudo clínico do tipo transversal, onde foi realizada avaliação observacional em uma amostra de 25 pacientes de ambos os sexos, com idade entre 20 e 62 anos. O diagnóstico de bruxismo do sono foi realizado através de um questionário e exame clínico intra-oral. O diagnóstico de abfração foi realizado por meio de exame clínico intra-bucal com auxílio de sonda exploradora e milimetrada. Foram utilizados o teste exato de Fisher e Mann-Whitney para analise estatística (α=0,05). Resultados: a prevalência de lesões de abração na amostra total de dentes foi de 5,64%, sendo significativamente maior em pacientes bruxômas (8,83%) do que em pacientes sem bruxismo (1,38%) (p=0,017). A presença de bruxismo foi associada à presença de abfrações (p=0,012). Conclusão: o diagnóstico positivo do bruxismo do sono é um fator de risco, aumentando consideravelmente a chance de o paciente apresentar LCNCs do tipo abfração.
Saliva as Biomarkers
Authors: Ai Ooi Yin , P. Priyanka , Gokulraj Sabitha
Published: June 2018

Saliva is a unique diagnostic fluid that helps in diagnosis of wide range of both systemic and oral diseases. Recent advancement in the field of diagnostics is really helping our health professionals to reach their goal. One of the major advancements in the field of diagnosis is detection of various diseases with the help of saliva. The various biomarkers present in saliva not only help in diagnosis of oral diseases but also various systemic conditions. This review article mainly discusses about the type of biomarkers and the role of saliva in diagnosis of certain diseases and conditions. Therefore, saliva is the promising fluid of the future.
La conversión del soft law de la OCDE en hard law en Colombia, especial referencia a los Convenios para Evitar la Doble Imposición suscritos por Colombia con Francia y Reino Unido
Authors: Girón Uribe Paula Andrea
Published: June 2018

En el artículo, se analiza la incidencia que ha tenido la Organización para la Cooperación y el Desarrollo Económico – OCDE en la definición de la normatividad colombiana y políticas en materia tributaria, teniendo como punto de partida el interés de nuestro país de adherirse a dicho organismo internacional. Se encuentra que la OCDE se presenta como una fuente creadora de derecho en forma directa e indirecta; en forma directa, en la medida que gran parte de la normatividad tributaria colombiana, en especial las últimas tres reformas tributarias, comportan trasplantes legales de las guías, directrices y demás reglas que al respecto ha expedido la OCDE; y en forma indirecta, al utilizar su soft law, en especial el modelo del Convenio para Evitar la Doble Imposición y sus comentarios, para interpretar los tratados firmados con otros países.
ECOLOGIZAÇÃO DA INOVAÇÃO TECNOLÓGICA PARA A SUSTENTABILIDADE INTERGERACIONAL
Authors: Boff Salete Oro
Published: June 2018

A inovação tecnológica pode resultar em benefícios diretos e malefícios, representa esperança, novidade, desafio para alguns poucos e medo, risco, insegurança, perigo e instabilidade para outros. Os avanços da técnica geram tensões, na medida em que representam uma aplicação prática do conhecimento, com reflexo no presente e no futuro. Essa tensão atém-se, de um lado, a preservar os valores de sustentabilidade, sugerindo uma reavaliação dos aspectos legais ou criação de novas categorias e, de outro, a atender a pressão dos agentes econômicos pela exploração do ‘novo’. Com esses pressupostos, o questionamento presente assenta-se nos desafios da inovação tecnológica para a sustentabilidade intergeracional. São temas relacionados a valores e a direitos fundamentais do ser humano, logo, de grandes opções sociais,  como oportunidade de discussão no processo democrático, superando as percepções presentes, envolvendo a responsabilidade com as futuras gerações.
STJ E NEXO CAUSAL NA RESPONSABILIDADE CIVIL
Authors: Machado Paulo Affonso Leme
Published: June 2018

As consequências jurídicas do derramamento de óleo ocorrido no porto de Paranaguá - PR, Brasil, decorrente de uma explosão em um navio ocorrida em 2004, são analisadas neste artigo. Houve poluição de espaços vizinhos ao porto, ocasionando a interdição temporária da pesca. O navio carregava óleo e metanol. Não houve a entrega do metanol às empresas compradoras. O trabalho versa sobre o nexo causal na responsabilidade civil ambiental. Muitos pescadores recorreram das decisões judiciais, ocorrendo o que se chama de “recursos repetitivos”. O julgamento pelo Superior Tribunal de Justiça ocorreu em  2017. Como objetivos do artigo examinam-se duas teses de direito: não tendo havido tradição do metanol para as empresas compradoras, as mesmas não são responsáveis; a outra tese defende que todas as empresas são responsáveis, bastando o simples risco da atividade desenvolvida. Utilizou-se a metodologia comparativa da jurisprudência, legislação e doutrina. Como conclusão aponta-se ter o STJ julgado que a aplicação da responsabilidade objetiva ambiental implica na observância da teoria do risco integral, exigindo-se o nexo de causalidade entre a ação e o dano advindo.  As empresas compradoras do metanol foram consideradas não responsáveis pelos danos ocorridos.
La pratique de la redénomination à l’instar du politiquement correct
Authors: López Díaz Montserrat
Published: June 2018

Cet article explore le remplacement de mots considérés comme offensifs désignant des groupes sociaux marginalisés et stigmatisés au fil du temps. Les substitutions s’encadrent dans le discours politiquement correct et constituent des redénominations qui vont contre des façons de nommer traditionnelles, perçues à présent comme obsolètes par un grand secteur de la population, selon une idéologie qui essaie d’effacer du vocabulaire tout ce qui implique une discrimination, afin de promouvoir une orthodoxie de la mesure et de réduire l’inégalité linguistique dans la manière de désigner le fort et le faible. Le locuteur se place ainsi entre la nécessité de la liberté d’expression et de l’adoption d’une conduite éthique.
Les regards sur la vieillesse : le tabou et son contournement
Authors: Kacprzak Alicja
Published: June 2018

De même que des communautés plus ou moins éloignées du point de vue géographique ne partagent pas forcément les mêmes interdits, des générations qui suivent abandonnent souvent des tabous valables pour les générations précédentes, tout en pouvant en créer de nouveaux. Il semble que pour les sociétés contemporaines la vieillesse constitue un nouveau sujet de contournement. Vue dans les sociétés traditionnelles comme une période où l’expérience acquise au cours d’une longue vie permettait au vieillard de guider son groupe, de transmettre des savoirs et la mémoire collective, elle perd ce statut actuellement, à l’époque où l’éducation et les nouvelles technologies ont acquis une importance particulière (Balard, 2007). Qui plus est, au fur et à mesure que la population vieillit, le grand âge se banalise et cesse de constituer une valeur en soi, comme cela a été le cas autrefois. À l’opposé, le modèle anthropologique dominant dans la culture occidentale contemporaine, basé sur une quête de jeunesse éternelle, ne laisse plus beaucoup de place à la vieillesse et ses problèmes, tant dans l’espace public que dans le discours social. Sur la base d’un corpus de textes journalistiques recueillis dans la base de données Europresse en 2015 et 2016, notre communication se propose de présenter les procédés, lexicaux d’une part et discursifs de l’autre, qui sont utilisés afin de contourner le tabou de la vieillesse.