bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Case of Postoperative Tension Hydrocephalus in the Wound Cavity Following High-Grade Glioma
Authors: Wei Qianfeng , Xiong Bangfa , Chen Yuwen , Liu Qian , Chai Erqing
Published: January 2025

Objective: To investigate the causes and treatment methods of postoperative tension hydrocephalus in high-grade gliomas.
Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of one patient with high-grade glioma who developed tension hydrocephalus in the tumor cavity postoperatively.
Results: The main causes of tension hydrocephalus in the tumor cavity of this patient were the formation of a unidirectional valve-like structure and the presence of "foreign bodies" within the cavity that created a high osmotic pressure, leading to a much slower absorption rate of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in the tumor cavity compared to the inflow rate, resulting in tension hydrocephalus. The patient exhibited facial palsy and limb weakness five days postoperatively, and emergency surgery was performed to relieve the valve-like structure and remove the foreign bodies within the cavity, releasing CSF to reduce the pressure in the tumor cavity, with good recovery postoperatively.
Discussion: High-grade glioma surgery should aim to minimize the formation of "valve" structures and the retention of foreign bodies and residual tissues within the tumor cavity.
Were there long-term health effects of exposure to parental migration on adult children? Evidence from rural China
Authors: Feng Qundi , Meng Fancun
Published: January 2025

Little is known about the role of parental rural-to-urban migration during childhood in shaping individuals’ health conditions. Using data from the China Health and Nutrition Survey, this study explores the long-term effect of parental migration during childhood on adult health outcomes. The extended regression model is employed to address the potential endogeneity of parental migration with an instrument variable. The results indicate that exposure to parental migration in childhood has a significant negative impact on adult height. Robustness checks using Body Mass Index and self-rated health status validate our findings. Mechanism analysis shows that parental migration significantly reduces left-behind children’s dietary quality in terms of food consumption patterns and dietary diversity. Given the insufficient protections related to left-behind children, there is a need for preventive intervention to mitigate the health disparity in the long term caused by parental migration.
JEL classification
I15, J13, O12
SLC6A6 alleviates cellular senescence in glioblastoma via the CSK/AKT/FoxO1 signaling
Authors: Li Wei , Xia Xianyou , Wang Ting , Zheng Yu , Liu Yunzhi , Lin Enqi , Liao Yuhang , Wu Guojia , Chen Runzhe , Zhuang Hao , Wang Dong , Wang Bo
Published: January 2025

・Background: Malignant glioblastoma exhibits cellular senescence characterized by changing tumor microenvironment. Solute carrier family 6 member 6 (SLC6A6), a multichannel transmembrane protein, plays a crucial role in regulating cell proliferation, apoptosis, differentiation and cellular microenvironment. However, the molecular mechanism of SLC6A6 in the cellular senescence of glioblastoma remains unknown. Our study aimed to elucidate the regulatory role and molecular mechanisms of SLC6A6 in the proliferation and senescence of glioblastoma cells.
・Methods: Expression of SLC6A6 was examined in tumor samples from 50 patients with glioblastoma, and associations between SLC6A6 expression and survival outcome were evaluated using Kaplan–Meier survival and Cox regression analyses. To investigate the mechanism of SLC6A6, we used short hairpin RNA (shRNA) and overexpression vector to construct SLC6A6-knockdown and -overexpression glioblastoma cells, respectively. The role of SLC6A6 in glioblastoma was confirmed in vitro and in an orthotopic glioblastoma mouse model.
・Results: Patients with high expression of SLC6A6 had a worse prognosis. Downregulation of SLC6A6 protein inhibited malignant phenotypes of glioblastoma cells in vitro. In addition, SLC6A6 affected tumor senescence by directly binding to CSK with its N-terminal cytoplasmic domain, thereby enhancing AKT phosphorylation. Furthermore, SLC6A6 knockdown inhibited tumor growth and shortened survival in the glioblastoma xenograft mouse model.
・Conclusion: SLC6A6 can promote malignant progression and inhibit cellular senescence of glioblastoma cells by affecting the CSK/AKT/FoxO1 signaling pathway. SLC6A6 might be a valuable biomarker in the treatment of glioblastoma.
Effects of Catastrophic Healthcare Expenditure on Household Labor Supply in Malawi
Authors: Ndipo Wellem , Munthali Spy
Published: January 2025

Background The dynamics of labor supply and demand are examined via microeconomic theory at the individual firm and worker levels. A number of factors influence the amount and quality of the labor supply; one such determinant is health status. Research has viewed the connection between household labor supply and health as a two-way causal relationship, with health serving as the deciding factor that influences decisions made in the labor market. The labor supply of a particular household or individual is seen to be affected by a number of factors, with the health status of an individual or a family member being one of them. Households or individuals are forced to either increase or reduce the number of hours they offer to work with respect to the amount of income they spend in trying to cover health care expenses. A household is seen to fall into a health care spending catastrophe if its aggregate health expenditure exceedsa given threshold; thus, in this case, the study uses the 10% and 40% thresholds.
Objective This study analyzed the effect of catastrophic health care expenditures on the household labor supply.
Methods This study used the Fifth Integrated Household Survey, which consists of 11,434 respondents. An instrumental variable approach with a binary outcome variable was employed to estimate the causal effect of catastrophic health expenditures on the household labor supply in hours.
Results The results from instrumental variable regression indicate that the probability of households supplying labor tends to decrease once they are subjected to catastrophic health care expenses at both thresholds.
Recommendation The study recommends the implementation of policies that enhance financial protection for vulnerable groups. One such measure is the introduction of progressive taxation, which ensures that those with higher incomes contribute more to national revenue that can be in turn used to subsidize user fees.
Role of the OTAbZIP Gene in Regulating Growth and OTA Production in Aspergillus westerdijkiae fc-1 Under Osmotic Stress
Authors: Ma Yanling , Zhuang Muyuan , Ahmad Tanvir , Yan Yuhong , Yuan Weitian , Li Mingxuan , Tan Guangyou , Deng Yingyao , Liu Yang
Published: January 2025

Background
Ochratoxins are toxins primarily produced by fungi from the Aspergillus and Penicillium genera. Among these, Ochratoxin A (OTA) is the most toxic and exhibits strong carcinogenic effects. Reducing food contamination by OTA is a critical global challenge. Osmotic pressure is an important environmental factor that regulates various metabolic pathways in Aspergillus westerdijkiae. It particularly affects the HOG pathway, which controls fungal mycelium growth and OTA production. The OTAbZIP gene is a key transcription factor and receptor in A. westerdijkiae. It plays a vital role in responding to osmotic pressure and regulating the expression of OTA biosynthesis genes (otaA-D). This study explored the role of OTAbZIP in fungal growth and OTA production under different osmotic conditions using RNA-Seq and RT-qPCR analyses.
Results
Transcriptomic analysis showed that the OTAbZIP gene influences several pathways. These include DNA replication, sugar metabolism, ribosome function, and arginine and proline metabolism at NaCl concentrations of 0, 20, and 100 g/L. Genes in the high osmolarity glycerol, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK HOG) pathway, such as Hog1, Gpd1, Cdc28, and Ctt1 were affected. The ΔOTAbZIP mutant strain exhibited increased sensitivity to osmotic stress. RT-qPCR results confirmed that OTA biosynthesis gene expression was significantly lower in the ΔOTAbZIP mutant strain than in the wild-type (WT) strain of A. westerdijkiae fc-1. However, the ΔOTAbZIP mutation did not affect the activation of the Hog1 gene.
Conclusions
This study highlights the role of the OTAbZIP gene in regulating metabolic pathways linked to growth and OTA production in A. westerdijkiae fc-1. These findings enhance our understanding of the gene's functions of A. westerdijkiae fc-1 under various somatic pressures. They also offer insights for developing strategies to control OTA contamination in food and feed.
Termite antimicrobial defense through interaction with symbiotic microorganisms in nest materials
Authors: Nakashima Masaaki , Matsuura Kenji
Published: January 2025

Social insects build robust nests to physically defend their colonies against attacks by predators and the intrusion of parasites and pathogens. While many previous studies on termite nests have focused on their physical defense functions, their nests also harbor various microorganisms that play a role in maintaining the colony’s hygienic environment. In this study, we report a dynamic defense mechanism of termite nests, where termites bury pathogen-infected corpses into the nest material, enhancing the antimicrobial defense provided by symbiotic bacteria inhabiting the nest. Termites buried pathogen-infected corpses, which could pose a high pathogenic risk, into the nest material, while they cannibalized corpses that were non-infected. In nest material where corpses were buried, the abundance of Streptomyces, antibiotic-producing bacteria, increased and enhanced the antifungal activity of the nest material. Furthermore, this Streptomyces inhibited the growth of termite pathogens and improved worker survival rates in the presence of these pathogens. These results suggest that the interaction between termites and nest-associated symbiotic bacteria, facilitated by corpse burial, contributes to the continuous maintenance of nest hygiene. This study elucidates the function of the nest as a 'living defensive wall' and enhances our understanding of the dynamic pathogen-defense systems employed by social insects.
Unveiling the Burden of Human Papillomavirus Infection and Risk Factors among indigenous Women in Mizoram, Northeast India
Authors: Colney Zomuanpuii , Laldinmawii Gracy , Singson Sangthang , Vanlalfeli Vanlalfeli , Chhangte Zirsangliana , Ngurbiakveli Cathrine , Lalduhchhungi Lalduhchhungi , Vanlalpeka Harvey , Lalrinfela Lalrinfela , Lalmuansangi Lalmuansangi , Lalngaihzuali Rebecca , Laltlanzovi Laltlanzovi , Lalremruata Lalremruata , Roy Swagnik
Published: January 2025

Introduction: Human Papillomavirus (HPV), a major cause of cervical cancer, poses a significant public health challenge globally, with its burden amplified in regionsamidst limited access to screening and preventive measures.
Method: This cross-sectional study investigates the prevalence of HPV infection and its associated risk factors among 1018 women from November 2023 to 2024 in Mizoram, India. The study integrates demographic, lifestyle, and clinical data, including DNA-based HPV genotyping and Pap smear analysis, to provide a comprehensive picture of HPV prevalence.
Results: This study screened 1,018 women aged between 20 and 73 years for HPV, with a mean age of 41 years. Findings reveal a 14.9% overall prevalence of HPV infection where most participants were from Mizoram's Aizawl District (78.78%). Betel nut consumption and early sexual debut were key lifestyle factors associated with higher infection risks. Chronic pelvic pain and multiple pregnancies were significant clinical indicators. HPV-16 (26.97%) and HPV-18 (17.11%) were the most prevalent genotypes. About 23.4% exhibited multiple genotype infections. Pap smear results revealed associations with high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (p=0.025).
Conclusion: The study underscores the importance of tailored public health strategies for high-risk regions like Mizoram. These include promoting HPV vaccination, enhancing screening programs, and addressing socio-cultural practices contributing to infection risks. Comprehensive interventions and awareness campaigns are crucial to mitigate the HPV burden and reducing cervical cancer incidence in this unique socio-demographic context.
Erythmelus klopomor: First steps toward classical biological control of the oak lace bug Corythucha arcuata, a dangerous invader in the European oak forests
Authors: PAULIN MÁRTON J. , MELIKA GEORGE , TRIAPITSYN SERGUEI , BECHTEL DAVID , CSÓKA GYÖRGY
Published: January 2025

The North American oak lace bug (OLB), Corythucha arcuata (Say, 1832) (Hemiptera: Tingidae), is a very dangerous invasive pest of European oaks (Quercus spp., Fagaceae). It was first detected in Europe in 2000 and currently occurs in 26 countries in the Palearctic region. Most Eurasian deciduous oaks are suitable host plants, therefore about 30 million hectares of oak dominated forests in Europe can facilitate its rapid spread. Its negative effects can be very diverse: decreasing photosynthetic activity, deteriorating health, decreasing acorn yield, negative effect on other oak herbivorous insects, and more. One of the main reasons for its rapid expansion is that native European predators, parasitoids and insect pathogens are unable to control it. The only feasible control option is a classical biological control program, the essence of which is to find and introduce a preferably specialist regulatory species that is effective in the pest’s native range. In July 2023 and in 2024, we collected oak leaves with OLB eggs from different locations in six states of the United States of America. All emerged egg parasitoids were preserved for later identification. Our initial observation was that collecting OLB eggs in the field proved to be more challenging than we first assumed. Overall, 23.7% of the samples contained parasitoids, with the average parasitism of 14.5%. Up to this point results indicate that the fairyfly Erythmelus klopomor Triapitsyn, 2007 (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae) is the only known egg parasitoid of OLB. Its host range is restricted to lace bugs, mainly Corythucha spp., and C. arcuata seems to be its preferred host. Our conclusion is that E. klopomor is a promising and only (at least so far) candidate for a classical biological control program, but further research efforts are unavoidable to clarify its life history parameters and minimize the risk of unintended non-target effects prior to a potential deliberate introduction to Europe.
Acute Kidney Injury In Children Admitted For Pneumonia In The Emergency Department Of A Government Hospital In The Philippines
Authors: Farillas Ena Lauren Fuentes , Dator Melissa Abreu
Published: January 2025

Background. Acute kidney injury (AKI) in children increases the risk of adverse outcomes, and its incidence in higher in low-middle income countries—with infectious and diarrheal diseases greatly contributing to its development. The incidence of AKI in patients with pneumonia is poorly described in literature.
Objective. This study determined the clinical profile of AKI among children with pneumonia at the emergency department.
Methods. Records of 306 patients aged 1 month to 18 years with pneumonia were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were divided into two groups based on presence of AKI using the Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes creatinine-based criteria. Clinicodemographic, laboratory and outcome parameters were compared between groups. Logistic regression analysis was performed to identify predictors of AKI.
Results. Prevalence of AKI was 19.28%. Moderate-severe dehydration [OR 2202.71, 95% CI 135.37, 35841.88; p < 0.0001] and need for intubation [OR 25.04, 95% CI 6.7, 93.52; p < 0.0001] were the strongest predictors for AKI. Other identified predictors include: age 10 to < 19 years, preterm birth, severe wasting, overweight/obesity, and leukocytosis.
Conclusion. There are multiple factors associated with the development of AKI among pediatric patients with pneumonia. Early identification and improved surveillance of those at risk is crucial in reducing the increased morbidity and mortality associated with its occurrence.
Integrated Stochastic Modeling and Neural Networks for Inverse Prediction of Elastic Modulus in Beams
Authors: kumar rakesh
Published: January 2025

In this work we have obtained elastic modulus from the eigen frequencies of a cantilever beam. The elastic modulus of the beam has random elastic modulus haing exponential covariance function. We have used Monte Carlo simulations with cholesky decomposition to obtain the elastic modulus and eigen frequency data. The data driven non intrusive polynomial chaos is used to obtain eigen elastic modulus from the eigen frequencies. The difference between the elastic modulus data obtained from MCS and NiPCE are used to train a neural network. For new prediction the elastic modulus data from PCE and the difference from neural network are added. The final results shows remarkable resemble with actual data or MCs data. Also the computational time of our proposed method is significantly lower than mcs time as the neural network once trained need smaller time to give the output.
Third-line S-1 or FOLFOX treatment in advanced pancreatic cancer who received gemcitabine+nab-paclitaxel and nanoliposomal-irinotecan+5-fluorouracil/leucovorin
Authors: Sanomachi Tomomi , Ohba Akihiro , Morizane Chigusa , Ogura Nozomu , Hara Hidenobu , Yagi Shin , Okada Mao , Maruki Yuta , Nagashio Yoshikuni , Kondo Shunsuke , Hijioka Susumu , Ueno Hideki , Okusaka Takuji
Published: January 2025

BACKGROUND: To examine the efficacies of S-1 and FOLFOX as third-line treatment for patients with advanced pancreatic cancer.
METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed the electronic medical record data of patients who received nanoliposomal-irinotecan+5-fluorouracil/leucovorin (nal-IRI+5FU/LV) as second-line treatment after first-line gemcitabine+nab-paclitaxel (GEM+nab-PTX) at the National Cancer Center Hospital (Tokyo, Japan) between June 2020 and May 2023.
RESULTS: In total, 100 patients were included, 41 of whom received S-1 (n=19) or FOLFOX (n=22) as third-line therapy. The median age of patients who received S-1 and FOLFOX was 74 (range: 56–85) and 76 (46–81) years. The number of females, those with performance status (PS) 0, those with PS 1, and those with adenocarcinoma histology who received S-1/FOLFOX were 8/14, 6/11, 13/11, and 18/20. Median progression-free survival (PFS), median overall survival (OS), objective response rate, and disease control rate for S-1/FOLFOX were 2.8/2.2 months, 4.4/5.1 months, 0/0%, and 36.8/27.3%, the most common grade ≥3 adverse events were anemia (4/1) and elevated alanine transaminase levels (1/3). Adverse events were consistent with the known limits, and there were no treatment-related deaths.
CONCLUSIONS: In patients with advanced pancreatic cancer treated with GEM+nab-PTX, followed by nal-IRI+5FU/LV, third-line treatment with S-1 or FOLFOX was tolerable. However, further therapeutic development is warranted because these regimens have only modest activities.
A Dual-Branch Approach with Multi-Stage Semantic Integration and Dual Optical Flow for Micro- Expression Recognition
Authors: Zhao Shuhuan , Zhao Peijing , Hao Zixin , Liu Shuaiqi
Published: January 2025

Micro-expression can reveal a person's true feelings and possesses significant importance in fields such as police interrogation and psychological counseling. However, due to the subtlety and complexity of micro-expression, comprehensively understanding its features remains a considerable challenge. To address this challenge, this paper proposes a dual-branch network structure that integrates traditional optical flow with deep learning-based optical flow. The micro-expression features are extracted and processed in separate branches, thereby harnessing the complementary advantages of the two optical flow methods. The first branch employs the proposed Multi-Scale Patch Attention Convolution Network (MPACNet), which is designed to process Farneback optical flow by capturing local details. The second branch utilizes the Swin Transformer network with FlowNet2 optical flow, demonstrating outstanding performance in extracting global dynamic information. In addition, this framework effectively combines local information from traditional convolutional networks with both local and global information from the Swin Transformer, achieving multi-level feature fusion. Following the standards of Comprehensive Database Evaluation (CDE) and Single Database Evaluation (SDE), extensive experiments have been conducted on four datasets—SMIC-HS, CASME II, SAMM, and CAS(ME)3. The results demonstrate that the proposed method outperforms other state-of-the-art approaches across various evaluation metrics.
Attitudes and perceptions of health care professionals concerning chiropractors and chiropractic practice: A Systematic Review
Authors: Newell Dave , Nouroozi Amin , Sanders Marc , Field Jonathan , Young Kenneth , Holmes Michelle
Published: January 2025

Background Chiropractic care often exists outside of national healthcare systems, with exceptions in some national settings. This situation has led to suboptimal interprofessional communication and referral, with implications for the provision of appropriate and efficient care. To find solutions, the attitudes and perceptions of other professions must be better understood. We conducted a systematic review to assess other healthcare professionals’ perceptions and attitudes towards chiropractors and chiropractic care.Methods The review was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42023403381). Reporting was guided by the PRISMA statement. A search was carried out on PubMed, CINAHL, AMED, Index of Chiropractic Literature (ICL) and MEDLINE in Jan 2021 and updated on Jan 2022, February 2023 and June 2024. We included qualitative and quantitative study designs, focusing on healthcare professionals' attitudes toward and perceptions of chiropractic. Methodological quality was assessed using the Centre for Evidence Based Medicine tools for qualitative and cross-sectional survey studiesResults The search retrieved 245 articles, of which 43 were included for review. Studies had been conducted across multiple national jurisdictions A total of 10,108 participants were included across the studies, including primary and secondary healthcare professionals as well as healthcare students. Issues identified with influencing opinions of chiropractic practice included participants’ knowledge of chiropractic methods, scope of practice, interprofessional communication, research base, and education. While some participants reported a perception of positive clinical outcomes associated with chiropractic care, communication between healthcare professionals and chiropractors was often lacking. Attitudes towards chiropractic varied, with factors like knowledge, patient interest, and referrals influencing perceptions.Conclusions To improve interprofessional attitudes and perceptions, the chiropractic profession might prioritise increased communication and information access concerning contemporary chiropractic care with other health care professions including educational interventions. Mitigation of a persistent lack of reliable information may improve how the profession is perceived in general, reduce misinformation and increase the likelihood that patients will receive the joined-up care they need.
Calendula arvensis L., die Acker-Ringelblume, in den östlichen Bundesländern bei Naumburg (Burgenlandkreis) wiedergefunden
Authors: Keding Albert , John Heino
Published: January 2025

Überraschenderweise ist nach vielen Jahren der erfolglosen Suche nach Calendula arvensis in der mitteldeutschen Weinbergsvegetation die Art wieder erschienen. Die Pflanzen wurden an einer steilen Böschung in sonniger Lage im Blütengrund bei Naumburg entdeckt, nachdem der Hang von Sträuchern und hohen Stauden befreit worden war.
Castilleja miniata Douglas ex Hooker als Neophyt am Rande eines Braunkohlentagebaus im Süden Sachsen-Anhalts
Authors: Krumbiegel Anselm , Weiss Volkmar
Published: January 2025

Seit 2013 wird am Rand des Braunkohlentagebaues Profen ein Vorkommen von Castilleja miniata beobachtet. Die Bestandsentwicklung (Individuenzahl, Verteilung der Exemplare) wird seither erfasst. Anhand von Vegetationsaufnahmen wurden das Begleitartenspektrum und die wahrscheinlichen Wirte des Hemiparasiten ermittelt.
Zwiebel- und Knollengeophyten auf Kirch- und Friedhöfen im Altmarkkreis Salzwedel (Sachsen-Anhalt)
Authors: Brennenstuhl Günter
Published: January 2025

Auf 119 Kirch- und 91 Friedhöfen im Altmarkkreis Salzwedel ist gezielt auf Vorkommen von Zwiebel- und Knollengeophyten geachtet worden, wobei 28 Taxa ermittelt wurden. Neben wenigen Indigenen handelt es sich mehrheitlich um verwilderte Zierpflanzen (Stinsenpflanzen), die in Abhängigkeit von den örtlichen Gegebenheiten (Größe, Nutzungsgrad, Gehölzbestand, Boden- und Wasserverhältnisse) und dem betriebenen Pflegeaufwand in unterschiedlicher Arten- und Individuenzahl in Erscheinung treten. Nur wenige Arten zeigen eine ausgeprägte Tendenz zur Verwilderung und zum Aufbau individuenreicher Bestände. Dennoch können die Begräbnisstätten, unter Einbeziehung der außerdem vorkommenden Sippen, als wertvolle Refugien für den Fortbestand der lokalen Tier- und Pflanzenwelt angesehen werden.
Effects of Plant Growth-promoting Microorganisms on Kentucky Bluegrass Field Establishment
Authors: Zhang Qi , Rue Kevin
Published: January 2025

Slow seed germination and seedling growth cause the slow field establishment of kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis). Previous research showed that plant growth-promoting microorganisms (PGPMs) can enhance plant growth and stress tolerance. The objective of this research was to determine the effect of six commercial PGPM products on promoting kentucky bluegrass establishment in the field. Two kentucky bluegrass cultivars Kenblue (stress-sensitive) and Moonlight (stress-tolerant) were seeded at 3 lb pure live seed/1000 ft2 in Jul 2020 and 2021. Six PGPMs, Beauveria bassiana (strain GHA), Bacillus subtilis (strain GB03), Azadirachtin, Bacillus firmus (strain1-582), Trichoderma harizanum Rifai (strain T-22) combined with T. virens (strain G-41), and Bacillus subtilis (strain QST713), were applied in the field at seeding and every 10 days thereafter. The normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and leaf area index (LAI) were measured at 30, 60, and 90 days after seeding. The results showed that all six PGPMs had a similar or higher NDVI and LAI compared to those of the control (i.e., tap water), with the best results seen in B. bassiana (strain GHA) [colony-forming unit (cfu)/acre = 4.8 × 1013], T. harzianum Rifai (strain T-22) (3.4 × 109 cfu/acre) + T. virens (strain G-41) (7.2 × 108 cfu/acre), and B. subtilis (strain GB03) (1.1 × 1011 cfu/acre). The efficacy of PGPMs may be enhanced when stress-tolerant plants are used and/or under cool summer conditions. Our results suggest that PGPMs have the potential to accelerate kentucky bluegrass establishment in the field.
Plant Growth–promoting Rhizobacteria Have Varied Effects on Quality and Yield of Drought-stressed Creeping Bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera)
Authors: Boyle Paige E. , Held David , Kopp Kelly , Dai Xin
Published: January 2025

Recently, there has been renewed interest in reducing excess inputs into turf, with a special emphasis on reducing water use. One potential mechanism to achieve this goal is the use of plant growth–promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) applications. Plant growth–promoting rhizobacteria research in turfgrass is limited, but the few studies that have been conducted show that PGPR can reduce biotic and abiotic stress in turfgrass. Two creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera) cultivars (Penncross and 007) were treated with either PGPR Blend 20, PGPR DH44, water, or nitrogen fertilizer before being subjected to a dry-down period during which half of each treatment was either irrigated or drought stressed. Results indicate that PGPR DH44 may help maintain greater quality in drought-stressed ‘007’ creeping bentgrass compared with nitrogen-treated plots; however, quality did not differ between DH44- and water-treated plots. When drought stressed, PGPR did not help creeping bentgrass maintain clipping yield compared with nitrogen-fertilized or water-treated plots, nor did PGPR affect root biomass. More research is needed before recommendations can be made regarding PGPR applications to turfgrass.
Development and Validation of Vocational Character Competency Scale for University Students
Authors:   Human Engagement Institute, Kim Jung Min , Hong Ah Jeong
Published: January 2025

Character has become a critical competency essential for realizing individual potential and achieving professional success across all stages of life. University students, as emerging professionals, must cultivate multidimensional character competencies to succeed in the professional world, highlighting the need for a systematic measurement tool. This study aimed at developing and validating a scale to assess and enhance these competencies. A theoretical framework guided the development of preliminary items through a Delphi survey. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) with 375 university students refined the scale, while confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) with 1,240 students verified its validity and reliability. The final scale comprises six factors-self-management, openness, empathy, communication, collaboration, civic virtues, and community consciousness-encompassing 35 items. The scale demonstrated strong reliability and validity, offering practical applications for character education and talent development in universities, corporations, and society. It serves as a valuable tool for systematically assessing and fostering multidimensional character competencies.
The Influence of Financial Workers' Grit on Innovative Work Behavior: Focus on the Mediating Effects of Learning Agility and Training Transfer
Authors:   Human Engagement Institute, Mun Jung Hui , Lee Hyuneung
Published: January 2025

Despite the growing recognition of grit as a personal characteristic that can predict performance, research on how grit influences innovation within organizations remains limited. The aim of this study was to examine whether grit significantly affects innovative work behavior(IWB) and whether learning agility and training transfer mediate the relationship between grit and IWB. Data collected from 164 employees in the finance sector revealed the following key findings: First, grit had a significant positive relationship with both learning agility and training transfer. Second, learning agility and training transfer were significantly positively related to IWB. Third, learning agility significantly mediated the relationship between grit and IWB. Finally, training transfer also significantly mediated the relationship between grit and IWB. These findings suggest that organizations should implement training programs designed to enhance grit among employees and foster work environments that support increased learning agility and training transfer to promote IWB.
MIGRAINE AWARENESS AND MANAGEMENT AMONG MEDICAL STUDENTS AT OSH STATE MEDICAL UNIVERSITY
Authors: Krishna Radhakrishna Pillai Gowtham , Vinodkumar Nair Lakshmy , Gavkharoi Islamovna Umurzakova , AygulAbdykerimovna Momunova , Zhoomart Zubairov , Aizhan Maratbekovna Murzalieva
Published: January 2025

Migraine headaches significantly impact quality of life, particularly among young adults. This study aimed to assess the prevalence, severity, and management strategies of migraines among medical students at Osh State Medical University,INTERNATIONAL MEDICAL FACULTY (OSMU-IMF).Asurvey was conducted among OSMU,IMF medical students to collect data on demographic characteristics, migraine frequency, severity, triggers, impact, and management strategies. The results revealed a substantial prevalence of migraines among the study population. The majority of students reported moderate to severe migraine attacks, often triggered by stress, irregular sleep patterns, and unhealthy dietary habits. Migraines had a significant negative impact on academic performance, social life, and emotional well-being. Most students relied on over-the-counter pain relievers for management, with a minority seeking medical advice and exploring complementary and alternative medicine. These findings highlight the need for increased awareness about migraine management strategies among medical students. Future research should explore the long-term impact of migraines on the career trajectories of medical professionals and develop targeted interventions to improve migraine management and quality of life.
The Defiant Faces: Intersectionality in Arundhati Roy’s Resistance Narratives
Authors:   Lecturer in English, Padmakanya Multiple Campus, Tribhuvan University, Nepal., Sharma Khum Prasad
Published: January 2025

This study examines the multilayered concept of resistance in Arundhati Roy’s novels The God of Small Things (1997) and The Ministry of Utmost Happiness (2017). By foregrounding the voices of marginalized individuals, Roy critically examines systemic inequalities, caste discrimination, and state violence. While existing literary scholarship acknowledges the victimization and marginalization of subaltern women under traditional gender roles, caste systems, politics, and religion, this research highlights how these women actively resist such injustices. Utilizing theoretical frameworks from Guha, Spivak, Gramsci, and Crenshaw, the paper explores the intersectionality of personal and political resistance. It discusses Roy’s critique of power structures and her advocacy for justice and human dignity. Thus, the study unveils the layers of defiance in Roy’s unique portrayal of varied resistance strategies in her narratives.
Emotional Stress in Cardiac and Vascular Diseases
Authors: A. Manolis Theodora , Manolis Antonis A. , Manolis Antonis S.
Published: January 2025

Introduction/Objective:

Emotional, mental, or psychological distress, defined as
increased symptoms of depression, anxiety, and/or stress, is common in patients with chronic
diseases, such as cardiovascular (CV) disease (CVD).

Methods:

Literature was reviewed regarding data from studies and meta-analyses examining the
impact of emotional stress on the occurrence and outcome of several CVDs (coronary disease,
heart failure, hypertension, arrhythmias, stroke). These influences' pathophysiology and clinical
spectrum are detailed, tabulated, and pictorially illustrated.

Results:

This type of stress is a newly recognized risk and prognosticator for CVD including coronary
artery disease, heart failure, hypertension, cardiac arrhythmias, and stroke, independently of
conventional risk factors. It can impact CV outcomes, and also affect health care utilization, with
more patient visits to health care facilities. The biological systems activated by mental stress comprise
the sympathetic nervous system (SNS), the renin-angiotensin system (RAS), and the hypothalamic-
pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, while several other biological processes are disrupted, such as
endothelial function, inflammatory responses, oxidative stress, mitochondrial function and the
function of the amygdala which is the central nervous system processing center of emotions and
emotional reactions.

Conclusion:

Emotional stress that aggravates symptoms of depression, anxiety, and/or perceived
mental stress is common in patients with chronic diseases, such as CVD. It is a newly recognized
risk and prognosticator for several CVDs. It can influence CV outcomes, and also affect health
care utilization. The biological systems activated by mental stress comprise the SNS, the RAS,
and the HPA axis, while several other biological processes are disrupted.
The Successful Artificial Insemination with Frozen Semen from Different Genetic Qualities of Friesian Holstein Bull
Authors: Yekti Aulia Puspita Anugra , Hasan Ismail , Hermanto  , Febrianto Nanang , Isnaini Nurul , Utami Putri , Syah Habib Asshidiq , Wahjuningsih Sri , Susilawati Trinil
Published: January 2025

This study aimed to evaluate the success of artificial insemination (AI) using frozen semen with different genetic qualities of Friesian Holstein Bull. In this research, the bulls came from the artificial insemination center of Singosari, consisting of Friesian Holstein bulls with proven bull certificates and the pure breed from embryo transfer. The frozen semen was produced by standard semen processing in the artificial insemination center of Singosari. The inseminated female totals were 56 head of Friesian Holstein crossbred in Pujon district, Malang, Indonesia. The females were divided into two groups: 28 cows receiving insemination from frozen semen of proven bull (T1) and 28 from pure breed FH bull from embryo transfer (T2). The females were chosen with purposive sampling with the criteria, have a Body Condition Score (BCS) of at least 2.5 (scale 1–5), have normal reproductive organs, and exhibit the clear estrus sign. Artificial insemination was performed with a single dose at the eight hour after estrus. Semen deposition was at the corpus uteri, while the thawing process was performed at 22–23°C for 60 seconds. The result showed that the non-return rate 1 (NRR-1), non-return rate 2 (NRR-2), and conception rate (CR) values for AI using frozen semen from a proven bull were 96%, 75% and 43%, respectively. In contrast, the percentage of AI success using pure breed FH bull from embryo transfer was 93%, 86%, and 64%. In conclusion, AI success using pure breed FH bull from embryo transfer was better than proven bull frozen semen.
The development of international humanitarian law in the period from antiquity to modern times and human rights
Authors:   Ahmed M. Ibragimov Dagestan State University, Ibragimov Ahmed M.
Published: January 2025

В статье исследован период развития международного гуманитарного права от древности до новейшего времени в контексте освещения тематики прав человека. В ней подмечено, что проведенное исследование заявленной темы естественно, потому что в образовательном процессе остается важным подробное изучение учебной дисциплины «Международное гуманитарное право» с уклоном на правозащитный интерес. Установлено, что первые на Земле государства не смущали многочисленные жертвы войн, им было важнее победить врага любой ценой. Но ситуация постепенно менялась. С течением времени у правителей зарождались мысли об отсутствии необходимости в массовом истреблении не участвующих в войнах людей и их защите. Об этом свидетельствуют научные данные о шумерах, хеттах и многих других цивилизациях, правители которых в древности и последующие годы периода феодализма отказывались от многих средств и методов ведения войны в пользу мирного населения. Такой отказ обрел силу международных обычаев или же законов войны. В Новое время сложившиеся за многие предыдущие годы законы и обычаи войны и международная практика стали кодифицироваться, появились международные конвенции, которые установили твердые, юридически обязывающие нормы, закрепившие достойные мирного населения и жертв конфликтов стандарты обращения с ними в период вооруженных конфликтов. В Новейшее время количество таких нормативных актов значительно возросло и вопросы защиты жертв войны в основном лежат уже в практической плоскости. При написании статьи использовались следующие методы: исторический, формально-юридический, логический, метод юридической компаративистики и др.
Gender Inequalities in Employment of Parents Caring for Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder in China: Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Zhao Yanan , Fan Huiyun , Luo Yanan , Zhang Rong , Zheng Xiaoying
Published: January 2025

Background

The increasing need for child care is placing a burden on parents, including those with children with autism.

Objective

The aim of this study was to examine the employment status of Chinese mothers and fathers with children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), as well as to investigate the factors that affected their employment decisions.

Methods

An online national survey was completed by the parents of 5018 children and adolescents with ASD aged 2-17 years (4837 couples, 181 single mothers, and 148 single fathers). The dependent variable was employment status—whether they kept working or quit to take care of their child. The independent variables were those characterizing the needs of the child and the sociodemographic characteristics of the family.

Results

The employment rate of mothers with children and adolescents with ASD was 37.3% (1874/5018), while 96.7% (4823/4988) of fathers were employed. In addition, 54.3% (2723/5018) of mothers resigned from employment outside the home to care for their children, while only 2.8% (139/4988) of fathers resigned due to caring obligations. Mothers’ employment was positively associated with their single marital status, lower educational level, and having assistance from grandparents. Having the grandparents’ assistance was positively associated with fathers’ employment.

Conclusions

Gender inequalities in employment exist in China. Mothers caring for children with ASD had lower workforce participation than fathers. More female-friendly policies and a stronger gender equality ideology would be of benefit to Chinese society.
Development and Implementation of a Web-Based Platform for the Chilean Cardiac Surgery Registry (Preprint)
Authors: Guinez-Molinos Sergio , Seguel Enrique , Gonzalez Jaime , Castillo Benjamin
Published: January 2025

BACKGROUND

Cardiac surgeries in Chile lack a national registry for systematic data collection and analysis, limiting insights into procedural outcomes and patient demographics. In response to this gap, we developed a web-based platform to support the documentation of high-complexity cardiac surgeries.

OBJECTIVE

Design, develop and implement a cardiac surgery data collection and analysis platform that conforms to international standards to support clinical decision-making and research initiatives.

METHODS

A web-based platform was developed using the Model-View-Controller (MVC) architecture, incorporating input from healthcare professionals and based on the fourth European Association for Cardio-Thoracic Surgery (EACTS) adult cardiac surgical database report. The platform captures over 160 clinical variables across 15 categories spanning pre-operative, intra-operative, and post-operative stages.

RESULTS

The most important result of this study is the creation of the first online platform for documenting cardiac surgeries in Chile.
Since its implementation in 2014, the platform has documented over 4,800 cardiac surgeries, establishing it as the largest database for a single institution in Latin America. The platform offers real-time access to data, supports planning and resource allocation, and enables the systematic evaluation of clinical outcomes. Integrating the EURO SCORE II risk model facilitates a standardized mortality risk assessment.

CONCLUSIONS

The platform contributes to cardiac surgery data collection in Chile, enabling evidence-based clinical decision-making and public health planning.
It has documented cardiac surgeries for 10 years and has become the official hospital registry tool.
By 2025, its application will be extended to two more centers, with the expectation that it will soon become the national database of cardiac surgeries.
Future developments should improve scalability, interoperability and data analysis to establish a national registry and further align Chilean cardiac surgery practices with international standards.
The Ethical Challenges of Artificial Intelligence (AI) Algorithms in Health Care (Preprint)
Authors: Finger Howard , Rao Rani , Rao Deepak , Pendharkar Sima
Published: January 2025

UNSTRUCTURED

Generative artificial intelligence (AI) is a groundbreaking health care technology in the United States but could create ethical challenges without proper safeguards. Perhaps, nowhere is this more concerning than with AI clinical algorithms, which critics claims could be magnifying harmful biases and exacerbating health disparities. Since the initiation of three class action lawsuits in the latter-half of 2023, the potential misuse of these algorithms by health care insurers is now a public concern. The common thread in these suits are allegations these algorithms denied medically necessary care via an almost fully automated claims decision process, largely devoid of human oversight. Our case illustration detailed major flaws in the application of such an algorithm which could have left an elderly Medicare Advantage Plan beneficiary without access to medically necessary care. Although advocates at the state and national level are seeking remediation, it seems likely such practices will persist as insurers know only a small percentage will appeal these denied claims. Insurers will likely fight these suits, which may drag on for years, costing relatively little in comparison to the huge cost saving from denied claims. It is apparent that these algorithms are not a “crystal ball for care,” and there is a need for human input at critical junctures in the process. The AI and bioethics communities must work in concert to assure that the design, development and deployment of these generative AI tools are done in the utmost ethically responsible way, similar to what some health entities have already accomplished. Such perhaps can be best accomplished by adhering to the ethical principles established by the World Health Organization. By doing so, both the AI and bioethics communities can help assure that these generative AI clinical support tools are utilized as support tools, and do not replace the clinical team.
El impacto del voto latino en los realineamientos electorales de California y Texas
Authors: Gómez Peralta Héctor
Published: January 2025

El artículo muestra la trayectoria del voto latino en California y Texas. Se explica cómo y por qué ocurrió el realineamiento electoral en California, que convirtió a ese estado en un sólido bastión del Partido Demócrata. Se muestran datos que dan cuenta del cambio demográfico sufrido en esa entidad, donde la comunidad latina o hispana ha ocupado un rol protagónico en las elecciones. A la luz de lo anterior, se expone cómo el ambiente de polarización política que se vive en Estados Unidos, el aumento de población de los latinos, aunado a las transformaciones ideológicas al interior del Partido Republicano, están haciendo que Texas tenga elecciones más cerradas y competidas.
Cadenas globales de valor y desarrollo desigual: el caso de la industria automotriz en México
Authors: Aguilar Barceló José Gabriel , García Mendoza Adrián Enrique
Published: January 2025

Una de las principales críticas al paradigma de las cadenas globales de valor es la deque el desarrollo se planee e instrumente desde las élites, dejando en segundo plano a la claseobrera, cuyo poder se ha visto debilitado con el incremento de la tercerización y deslocalizaciónde las actividades productivas. Siguiendo esta línea, el presente artículo analiza las interacciones entre el capital y el trabajo, así como las posibilidades de organización de los trabajadores enla búsqueda de mejores condiciones, en un contexto en el que el sistema capitalista globalizadopresenta un agotamiento que pone a prueba la narrativa desarrollista. Se muestra que en muchasocasiones la clase obrera está laboralmente atrapada en condiciones precarias que perpetúan ladesigualdad, pero que cuando esta se organiza en movimientos populares y legítimos a travésde acciones colectivas aumenta su capacidad de acceso a mejores condiciones sociales. Lashuelgas recientes en la industria automotriz a nivel internacional dan cuenta de ello.