bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Метафорика и интертекстуальность: ещe раз об изоморфизме и функционировании (на материале русской и белорусской поэзии)
Authors: Кураш Сергей
Published: December 2022

Цель исследования – охарактеризовать изоморфизм метафорики и интертекстуальности, выявить конкретно-языковые формы воплощения интертекстуальных метафор, представлен­ные в языке русской и белорусской поэзии преимущественно ХХ века. С опорой на труды оте­чественных и зарубежных учeных освещается проблема межтекстового и межкультурного поэ­тического взаимодействия. Изоморфизм метафорики и интертекстуальности ведeт к теснейше­му союзу этих двух феноменов; диалогизирующие в поэтической речи метафоры претерпевают те или иные структурно-смысловые изменения как в пределах языка одной национальной ли­тературы, так и во взаимодействии разных национальных литературно-поэтических традиций.

Методы исследования – структурно-функциональный, компонентный, контекстный и оппозитивный анализ.

Результаты исследования. Раскрывается действие тропеического механизма за преде­лами текста-источника. Выявлены и систематизированы разнообразные приeмы языковой реализации интертекстового диалога в русской и белорусской поэзии на уровне тропа (про­должение, разветвление метафорического образа, его отрицание и др.).

Выводы, перспективы исследования. Сделан вывод о единстве литературно-культурного континуума, в пределах которого диалогизируют как традиционные, так и уникальные, ин­дивидуально-авторские метафорические тропы русских и белорусских поэтов. Активное вза­имодействие метафорики и интертекстуальности во многом объясняется их изоморфизмом. Предложенный подход может служить рабочей моделью для исследования иных элементов образной структуры поэтического текста как фигурантов интертекстового диалога.
Respiratory Diseases and Their Diagnosis in Dogs: A Review
Authors: Kaur Jasleen , Singh Swaran
Published: December 2022

Respiratory affections are common in dogs. Very young and older dogs are at greater risk as compared to the adult ones. Constant exposure of the respiratory tract to the infectious agents, reaching the upper and lower respiratory tract aerogenously or hematogenously, makes the respiratory system vulnerable to injury. Clinical signs mainly seen in upper respiratory tract diseases involves nasal discharge (serous, mucopurulent or hemorrhagic), sneezing, facial deformity, stertor, lethargy, inappetence and rarely, central nervous system signs whereas additional signs present in lower tract diseases range from dyspnoea, costal or abdominal respiration, cough, nasal discharge and congestion, edema, consolidation of lungs and weight loss. Advanced tests involved in diagnosis of respiratory problems in veterinary practicpe are rhinoscopy, bronchoscopy, transthoracic fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) transtracheal wash and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid cytology and culture. This review discusses the causes of upper and lower respiratory tract disorders of canines and various diagnostic tests involved in their diagnosis.
Surgical castration in dogs: does the incision approach influence postoperative recovery?
Authors: Brunn Ariel
Published: December 2022

PICO question
In male dogs undergoing surgical castration, does a pre-scrotal approach in comparison to a scrotal approach lead to a superior recovery, in terms of duration of postoperative pain and/or reduced post-operative complications?
 
Clinical bottom line
Category of research
Treatment.
Number and type of study designs reviewed
Two prospective clinical trials were critically appraised.
Strength of evidence
Weak.
Outcomes reported
Woodruff et al. (2015) evaluated postoperative recovery in 206 dogs following surgical castration using a scrotal incision in comparison to 231 dogs using a pre-scrotal approach. Complications observed in order of frequency, included: incisional swelling; haemorrhage; pain; and self-trauma, however, apart from self-trauma, complications were not influenced by incision location. Dogs castrated using a scrotal approach had reduced odds of self-trauma (OR: 0.51, P = 0.04, 95% CI 0.27–0.97). Moreover, mean duration of surgery was faster for the scrotal versus the pre-scrotal approach (3.6 minutes, P<0.01, 95% CI 3.38–3.82 versus 5.1 minutes, 95% CI 4.86–5.41).
Miller et al. (2018) evaluated complication rates following open or closed castration using a scrotal approach in 400 shelter dogs under the age of 6 months. Complications involving intra-operative bleeding were not observed, while marginal rates of post-operative events were reported, including peri-incisional dermatitis (2.3%), skin bruising (1.0%), and swelling (0.3%). No self-trauma or rescue analgesia was recorded. In comparing surgical time, the mean duration was 1 minute ± 0.2 minutes in dogs undergoing scrotal surgery, in comparison to canine patients undergoing the same procedure using a pre-scrotal approach, where the mean duration was 3.5 minutes ± 0.4 minutes.
Conclusion
The outcomes of these two studies imply that a scrotal incisional approach in canine castration is at least no worse in the first 24 hours than a traditional pre-scrotal approach and may also reduce mean duration of surgery. However, limitations to the evidence do not permit a firm conclusion and it also remains unclear whether these advantages persist in the longer postoperative period. Further research is needed to confirm initial findings suggested here.
 
How to apply this evidence in practice
The application of evidence into practice should take into account multiple factors, not limited to: individual clinical expertise, patient’s circumstances and owners’ values, country, location or clinic where you work, the individual case in front of you, the availability of therapies and resources.
Knowledge Summaries are a resource to help reinforce or inform decision making. They do not override the responsibility or judgement of the practitioner to do what is best for the animal in their care.
The Formation of Nationalism Through Education of Citizenship In Elementary School
Authors: Ulfah Nufikha , Hidayah Yayuk , Halimah Lili
Published: December 2022

Character education which is intended to love the motherland is one of the character education that must be instilled for every young generation from an early age. The purpose of this study is to find out how to instill national character (nationalism) through learning Citizenship Education in Primary Schools. The method used is the study of literature (literature study) on books and learning tools for Citizenship Education in other Primary Schools. The results showed that Citizenship Education in Primary Schools has contributed in every effort to instill national character (nationalism) through several schemes: 1) Planning to instill national character (nationalism) by incorporating the value of national character (nationalism) into the Syllabus, thematic RPP , and Citizenship Education teaching materials in Elementary Schools; 2) How to assess the inculcation of national character (nationalism) through Citizenship Education in Primary Schools by assessing the cognitive domain through tests, affective domains through teacher observation sheets and coordination with religious and sports teachers, and psychomotor domains through the process and results of the assessment; 3) The strategy of instilling national character (nationalism) through Citizenship Education in Primary Schools is through comprehensive discussions and methods.
The Effect of Sharia Share, Corporate Sukuk and Sharia Mutual Fund on National Economic Growth 2013-2020
Authors: Rohayani Siti , Widjaja Hidajat Sofyan , Kaban Reny Fitriana
Published: December 2022

The Islamic capital market, which includes sharia shares, corporate sukuks and sharia mutual funds, has contributed significantly to the national economic growth. Previous studies have shown different results regarding this issue. Therefore, it is necessary to to obtain more up-to-date data result.The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of Sharia share, corporate sukuk and Sharia mutual fund on national economic growth for the 2013-2020 period. The method used is a quantitative method with secondary data. The data for Sharia share, Corporate Sukuk and Sharia Mutual Funds were obtained from the financial quarterly reports of Financial Services Authority and the data for national economic growth from Gross Domestic Products quarterly reports of Central Statistics Bureau for the period 2013-2020. Based on the statistical tests, partially Sharia share and Sharia mutual fund have a negative and insignificant effect on national economic growth, while corporate sukuk have a positive and significant effect on national economic growth. Simultaneously all variables have a positive and significant impact on national economic growth. Based on the results of the R Square test, the magnitude of the influence of Sharia Share, Corporate Sukuk and Sharia Mutual Fund on National Economic Growth is 58%.Thisimplicates to the capital market issuer for improving their performance until the optimum level especially for the sharia shares and sharia mutual funds so their contribution to the national economic growth would be significantly effective.
Problem of building units in crystal growth and genesis of non-classical concepts of crystal formation
Authors: Askhabov Askhab
Published: December 2022

On the basis of the analysis of dramatical history of development of the concepts of building units in crystal growth we discuss the genesis of non-classical concepts of crystal growth. We show that in the 21st century the competent advantage in the theory of crystal growth transits to notions about building units larger than individual atoms and molecules. New experimental data, testifying to a stable life of prenuclear clusters-quatarons or other organized groups of atoms in crystal-forming environments and their participation in crystal growth and also already formed crystalline particles, allow not only solving the old “Kossel vs. Balarev” problem, but also proving non-classical mechanisms of crystal growth.
Planejamento estratégico situacional como ferramenta para qualificação dos registros de enfermagem: relato de experiência
Authors: Da Silva Ziani Jarbas , Muniz Ane Gabrielle , Da Fonseca Aguirre Thayná , Kleinert Halberstadt Bruna Marta , De Lima Escobal Ana Paula , Alende Prates Lisie
Published: December 2022

Objetivo: descrever a utilização do planejamento estratégico situacional como ferramenta para padronização e qualificação dos registros de enfermagem em uma Unidade de Pronto Atendimento. Método: relato de experiência, ocorrida de maio a setembro de 2021, vinculada à atividade prática do curso de Enfermagem de uma Universidade Federal, localizada na fronteira Oeste do Rio Grande do Sul. Resultados: o planejamento estratégico situacional contribuiu na qualificação do processo de trabalho dos profissionais de saúde no que tange as anotações e evoluções de enfermagem, possibilitando reduzir fragilidades existentes na unidade, tais como falhas nas informações e identificação dos usuários, abreviaturas e letras ilegíveis, quedificultavam a compreensão dos registros de enfermagem. Conclusão: a vivência foi assertiva, uma vez que manteve os profissionais comprometidos com o processo de qualificação dos registros de enfermagem, reconhecendo a importância desta ferramenta no cuidado e segurança do paciente.
Altın otu (Helichrysum italicum) esansiyel yağının mikrokapsüle edilmesi ve karakterizasyonu
Authors: K. ERDOĞAN Gözde , GÖDE Fethiye
Published: December 2022

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı altın otu esansiyel yağı ve argan yağı karışımının yanıt yüzey metodolojisi (YYM) koşullarında mikrokapsüle edilmesi ve uygun krem formülasyonundaki antioksidan aktivitesinin belirlenmesidir.
Materyal ve Yöntem: YYM deney tasarımı kullanılarak, kompleks koaservasyon yöntemi ile mikrokapsül üretilmiştir.
Araştırma Bulguları: Altın otu esansiyel yağı ve argan yağı karışımlı, jelatin/arap zamkı duvarlı mikrokapsüller üretilmiş ve karakterize edilmiştir. Oluşturulan deney tasarımına verilerimiz işlenerek ANOVA sonuçları elde edilmiştir. Mikrokapsül içeren kremin antioksidan kapasitesi yüksek bulunmuştur.
Sonuç: YYM ile üç farklı parametrede, kompleks koaservasyon yöntemiyle mikrokapsül üretilip, karakterize edilmiştir. Mikrokapsüllerin morfolojik görüntüleri için SEM (taramalı elektron mikroskobu) ve optik mikroskoptan yararlanılmış olup, yapıyı aydınlatmak için GC-MS (gaz kromatografisi-kütle spektroskopisi) ve FT-IR (Fourier dönüşümlü kızılötesi spektroskopisi) kullanılmıştır. Mikrokapsüller kreme eklenip, kremin antioksidan kapasitesi CUPRAC metoduyla yorumlanmıştır. Tüm veriler değerlendirildiğinde altın otu ve argan yağı karışımı kompleks koaservasyon yöntemi kullanılarak başarılı bir şekilde mikrokapsüle edilmiştir. Mikrokapsül içeren kozmetik kremin etkin bir şekilde antioksidan kapasiteye sahip olduğu görülmüştür.
Pompa istasyonunun kablosuz sensör ağı ile uzaktan yönetimi
Authors: MERİÇ Mehmet Kamil
Published: December 2022

Amaç: Bu çalışmada sulama pompa istasyonunun uzaktan izlenmesini ve kontrolünü sağlayacak kablosuz sensör ağı kontrol kartı (düğüm noktası) donanım ve yazılımının tasarlanması ve saha testi amaçlanmıştır.

Materyal ve Yöntem: Pompa istasyonunda ölçülmesi planlanan parametrelere bağlı olarak prototip PCB tasarımı ve üretimi yapılmış, farklı geliştirme ortamları kullanılarak gömülü yazılım tasarlanmış ve saha testi gerçekleştirilmiştir.

Araştırma Bulguları: Test sırasında pompa üzerindeki statik ve dinamik su yüksekliği 130.8 - 78 m. arasında değişmiştir. Çıkış basıncının değişimi ile debide ve pompa üzerindeki su yüksekliğinde değişimler gözlenmiş, toplam 7598 m3 su hacmi kaydedilmiştir. Faz ile nötr arası gerilimin her faz için 215 - 235 volt arasında değiştiği, akımın ise pompaların tahrik edildiği anda sıçramalar gösterdiği, stabil çalışma koşullarında ise 72 amper civarında kaldığı belirlenmiştir.

Sonuç: Elde dilen bulgular, geliştirilen kablosuz sensör ağı kontrol kartının donanım ve yazılımının sulama amacıyla kullanılan pompaların izlenmesinde ve kontrolünde kullanılabileceğini ortaya koymuştur.
Effects of different levels of water and nitrogen applications on the yield and quality of oregano (Origanum onites L.)
Authors: TOKUL Hatice Eda , BAYRAM Emine
Published: December 2022

Objective: The objective of this study was to reveal the changes that will occur as a result of different water and nitrogen applications in the drug herb yield, drug leaf yield and essential oil ratios of Tayşi 2002, Ceylan 2002 cultivars belonging to oregano (Origanum onites L.).

Material and Methods: In order to meet the objective given above, a study was conducted in Bornova ecological conditions in 2012 and 2013 and the varieties (Tayşi 2002, Ceylan 2002) of the oregano (Origanum onites L.) plants developed in the Department of Field Crops, Faculty of Agriculture were used. Experiments included 4 different (S1,S2,S3,S4) irrigation applications along with the 2 different nitrogen applications 80 kg/ha nitrogen (N80) and nitrogen-free (N0). The data obtained in two years (2012-2013) were then evaluated.

Conclusion: As a result, on the study it was found that nitrogen applications alone did not have an effect. It was also determined that the yield values increased with the increase in the amount of irrigation applied, but the essential oil ratios decreased.
OSMANLI ENDÜLÜS İLİŞKİLERİ VE OSMANLI YARDIMLARININ GECİKME SEBEPLERİ
Authors: AKSOY Ömer Faruk , KAPANŞAHİN Muhittin
Published: December 2022

İlk olarak Emeviler zamanında ayak basılan İspanya topraklarındaki Müslüman hâkimiyeti, 1492’de bölgedeki son İslam devleti Beni Ahmer’in yıkılmasıyla son bulmuştur. Endülüs’ün yıkılma sürecinde, yaptığı fetihler ve elde ettiği başarılarla dünya gücüne dönüşen bir İslam devleti daha vardı: Osmanlılar. Gücünü her geçen gün arttıran ve Endülüslülerle din kardeşi olan Osmanlıların, Endülüs’e yardım edip etmediği tartışma konusu olmuştur. İşte bu çalışmada Osmanlı’nın Endülüslü Müslümanlara yardım etmekte neden geciktiğinin ve neden yeterli yardım yapamadığının sebepleri ele alınmıştır. Osmanlı’nın Endülüs’e yeterli yardımı yapamamasının önünde birçok etken bulunduğu söylenebilir. Endülüs’ün Osmanlı’yı yeterince tanımaması ve coğrafi uzaklık durumu, Osmanlı donanmasının yetersizliği, karadan müdahalenin mümkün olmaması ve Osmanlı’yı uzun yıllar meşgul eden Cem Sultan vakıası sayılabilecek ilk etkenler arasındadır. Memlük Devletiyle ve Akdeniz’de Venediklilerle yapılan savaşlar ve bu dönemde meydana gelen doğal afetlerin Osmanlı Devleti’ni olumsuz etkilemesi de Endülüs’e yeterli yardımın yapılamamasının önündeki diğer etkenler olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır.
Doğu Akdeniz'in Jeoekonomik Önemi ve Türkiye
Authors: DEMİRHAN Hasan Deniz
Published: December 2022

Küreselleşme sürecinde ülkelerin ekonomik açıdan birbirine bağımlı hale gelmesi devletler arasında yaşanan güç mücadelesinde önemli bir dönüşümü beraberinde getirmiştir. Jeoekonomi, bu dönüşümde devletlerin ticari bağlarına odaklanan ve bu bağ neticesinde edinilen ekonomik güç ilişkilerini açıklayan bir kavram olarak öne çıkmaktadır. Doğal gaz ticareti günümüzde küresel güçler ile diğer devletler arasında ekonomik bağımlılığın yaşandığı ve dolayısıyla devletlerin güç ilişkilerinde belirleyici olan önemli bir alandır. Yeni keşfedilen doğal gaz kaynakları sayesinde devletler için ekonomik açıdan değer kazanan Doğu Akdeniz, küresel doğal gaz ticaretine önemli bir alternatif olmuştur. Jeoekonomik perspektifle Doğu Akdeniz’deki doğal gaz kaynaklarının önemini konu alan bu çalışmada, bölgedeki doğal gaz kaynaklarının ticari ilişkilerdeki öneminin ortaya koyulması ve Türkiye açısından değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmada yöntem olarak betimleyici araştırma tekniği kullanılmıştır.
MODELLING THE VARIATION IN THE MOBILITY PATTERN OF HOUSEHOLDS IN THE URBAN AND RURAL AREAS OF NIGERIA
Authors: ADERIBIGBE Oluwayemi-Oniya , GUMBO Trynos
Published: December 2022

There is evidence that rural areas are disadvantaged in mobility compared to urban areas. Hence, this study examined spatial variation in the travel pattern of households in urban and rural areas of Nigeria. This study used primary data obtained through questionnaire administration on household heads in the residential zones of both urban and rural areas studied, using the multi-stage sampling technique. Findings revealed that variations exist for age, education level, income level, and occupation in urban and rural areas, and household's average daily mean trip frequency showed a level of fewer trips being generated in the rural area than those in the urban area. Furthermore, the result of the stepwise multiple regression analysis showed that transport mode, household size, number of workers in the house, and occupation of household head were significant variables influencing trip making in urban areas while age, household size, the income of household head and number of employed people were significant in the rural areas. This study concludes that differences exist in the mobility pattern of urban and rural households, and as such, equal consideration and attention should be given to them in policy formulations.
BASIC ASPECTS ENSURING SHIPPING SAFETY
Authors: MELNYK Oleksiy , ONYSHCHENKO Svitlana , ONISHCHENKO Oleg , LOHINOV Oleh , OCHERETNA Valentyna , DOVIDENKO Yurii
Published: December 2022

Widespread use of innovative technologies in all spheres of life has brought the maritime transport industry, in particular, the process of ship navigation, to a completely new qualitative level. Various navigation systems recently introduced and used only as additional devices have gradually become an obligatory element of shipboard equipment and navigation complexes of modern vessels, extending their functionality and capabilities. The human factor influence caused by automation of ship operation processes becomes a separate challenge. Risks to shipping safety and consequences of breach of safety standards for crew, vessel and cargo are far from being a full list of the problems to be solved. This paper offers an overview of general issues of ensuring the level of safety of shipping, by examining the concept of "vessel safety", considering its individual sides, features, as well as constituent aspects of the concept, systematization of the vessel safety structure to develop solutions toward improving the integral safety and optimization of decision-making in emergencies. Achievement of the general purpose of shipping safety thus means the realization of ways of reducing the influence of the human factor on several accidents and an estimation of the degree of influence of a set of factors on a ship during operation.
EVALUATION OF THE USE OF SMART GLASSES IN IRS LOGISTICS
Authors: BINAR Tomas , VASIKOVA Simona , SAFL Pavel
Published: December 2022

To effectively transport materials through different means of transport, it is essential to have an optimized warehouse logistics first. Thanks to the Industry 4.0 platform, there are several ways to accomplish the delivery of materials from a warehouse through transport by road, rail or air. This paper deals with a primary warehouse problem, which is the fast and accurate search and selection of required items in the stock. For this issue, the use of smart glass technology and its implementation in the logistic processes of warehouses could help. In a particular way, an IRS (Integrated Rescue System) warehouse was selected as an example. The augmented reality (AR) type of glasses was selected. The introductory part of this paper deals with the current situation in the warehouse and logistic processes, where the problem of lack of qualified staff and material supply is prevalent, particularly during different crisis situations, such as pandemics or high employee turnovers. The use of smart glasses is one of the many possible problem-solving variants in this field. Further, a basic description of smart glasses, possible uses and sorting are presented in this paper. For the experiment, it was necessary to choose several different commercially available models of smart glasses. An evaluation was provided by the Simple comparative method, Saaty's method and Linear partial utility function method and the best options were identified. Also, there is an example of smart glasses application for picking a particular component in an IRS warehouse in the last part of this paper.
DECISION SUPPORT FOR CHOOSING A SCENARIO FOR ORGANIZING URBAN TRANSPORT SYSTEM WITH SHARE OF ELECTRIC VEHICLES
Authors: JACYNA Marianna , ŻOCHOWSKA Renata , SOBOTA Aleksander , WASIAK Mariusz
Published: December 2022

This article presents the issue of using decision support tools to select the variant of organization of urban transport system. Two scenarios for the use of electric vehicles were compared, considering not only their emissions and fuel consumption but also the limited accessibility of conventional vehicles to the city. The authors assume that the development of urban traffic organization must go hand in hand with the challenges of planning sustainable urban mobility and reducing harmful exhaust fumes. Furthermore, decision-makers should be equipped with simple decision support tools to generate the best option considering the expectations of transport users. The PTV VISUM tool was used to analyse and visualize two different organization scenarios for a selected city in Poland.
TOLERANCE OF IRRIGATED LOWLAND RICE VARIETIES TO IRON TOXICITY UNDER NUTRIENT SOLUTION AS MEASURED BY A DIGITAL IMAGE PROCESSING
Authors: Sitaresmi Trias , Hotimah Elah Nurul , Wening Rina Hapsari , Rumanti Indrastuti A. , Nugraha Yudhistira
Published: December 2022

Some improved irrigated lowland rice varieties are quite adaptive to tidal swamp areas where iron stress is the limiting factor of productivity. Information on irrigated rice tolerance to iron toxicity is inadequate and digital image processing for determining the level of tolerance is not available. The study aimed to evaluate tolerance of irrigated rice to iron toxicity. Ten irrigated rice varieties were used, namely Inpari 3, Inpari 19, Inpari 22, Inpari 24, Inpari 32, Inpari 42, Inpari 47, Inpari IR Nutri Zinc, Cakrabuana Agritan and Inpago 13 Fortiz. Mahsuri is tolerant and IR 64 is a sensitive check. The seedlings were planted on Yoshida agar solution using a randomized completely block design with four replications. Leaf bronzing symptoms showed that Inpari 47 was tolerant (score 2), Inpari 3 and Inpari 42 were moderately tolerant (score 4), Inpari 19 and Inpari 22 were also moderately tolerant (score 5). The bronzing symptom based on image processing has a strong correlation with visual observation, leading to propose that image processing is an alternative method to determine the bronzing symptom. Inpari 47 absorbed quite a lot of Fe with few bronzing symptoms. Inpari IR Nutri Zinc absorbed less Fe, but had more symptoms than Inpari 47. Inpari 19 had a longer shoot, while Inpari 42 and Inpari 47 had longer roots. Based on this study, Inpari 47 can be recommended for moderate iron stress-prone areas, meanwhile, Inpari 3, Inpari 42, Inpari IR Nutri Zinc, and Inpari 32 HDB for low iron stress-prone areas.
DETERMINING THE EFFICIENCY OF NITROGEN FERTILIZERS ON MAIZE USING ISOTOPE METHODS AT DIFFERENT IRRIGATION LEVELS
Authors: Anggria Linca , Rostaman Tia , Nurida Neneng Laela , Husnain Husnain
Published: December 2022

The isotope technique can be used to improve and develop land management systems, including the effective and efficient use of nutrients and water to increase crop productivity. The study aimed to obtain information on nutrient uptake by maize and the efficiency of nitrogen fertilizers at some irrigation water levels in sub-optimal land. This study was conducted at the Research Station of Taman Bogo, East Lampung, Indonesia. The study used a split-plot design in a randomized group with three replications. The main plots consisted of water levels 100%, 80%, and 60% based on FAO’s recommendation, whereas the sub-plots were N fertilizer in the form of urea 15N labels with the rates 0, 100, and 135 kg N ha-1. The results showed that the average grain yield of maize (8.0 t ha-1) was the highest for 135 kg N ha-1 and 80% irrigation water. The application of 100 kg N ha-1 with 80% irrigation water was sufficient for increasing N uptake in grain and biomass. The highest efficiency (15.7–16.7%) of N fertilizer on maize was shown by treatments of 135 kg N ha-1with 100% irrigation water and 100 kg N ha-1 with 80% irrigation water. With the isotope method, the N efficiency from fertilizers can be traced
Pengajaran Bahasa Arab di Pondok Pesantren Salafiyah Kalimantan Timur
Authors: Abdullah Rais
Published: December 2022

The Arabic Language, as the language of Islam religion, and also the language of the Holy Quran, obtaining a privileged position in the heart of Indonesians, especially Muslims. Due to its privileged position, the Arabic language was able to survive from its extinction since its appearance in Indonesia until now. Unfortunately, the privileged position of Arabic language is not directly proportional to its fate in various educational institutions in Indonesia, especially in East Kalimantan. The Arabic language teaching in those institutions faces very complex problems especially the lack of an integrated curriculum that can be relied upon to fulfill the needs of teaching Arabic language to non- Arabs with a better method. The current curriculum is the curriculum that does not have comprehensive programs and is not accompanied with modern teaching methods. While at the Teaching and Learning Activities stage, teaching the Arabic language is not supported by professional and competent teachers. This study aims to analyze and evaluate approaches used in teaching Arabic at some boarding school in East Kalimantan viewed from the perspective of the curriculum and methods of teaching Arabic to non- Arabs.
Kesantunan Bertutur oleh Orang Tua kepada Anak di Lingkungan Rumah Tangga
Authors: Kusno Ali
Published: December 2022

Provoking a model of politeness for their children, parent need to consider some principles of politeness. They are: maxim of wisdom, maxim of philanthrophy, maxim of appreciation, maxim of simplicity, maxim of democracy, and maxim of sympaty. Parent sometimes use the imperative utterances to their children. The usage of linguistics politeness of imperative utterances to the children need to consider the principles of politeness in using the imperative utterances. Some techniques can be applied to create a polite utterance, they are: the usage of adequate duration, the usage of appropriate sequence of the utterance, the intonation and gestures and, the usage of politeness markers.
Relevansi Pendidikan Akhlak dalam Surat Luqman (31) Ayat 12-19 dengan Pendidikan Anak Kontemporer
Authors: Mubarak Agus
Published: December 2022

Al-Qur’an, as a guidance of life is not doubtful at all, truly able to give a right direction for all human problems in this world, including how to educate the children. One of the directions and guidances about how to educate the children given by Al-Qur’an is Surat Luqman (31) verse 12-19. Based on the findings of this study, the researcher concludes that the content of ahlaq education for children stated in Surat Luqman (31) verse 12-19 are: (1) thankful to Allah, to parents, and to be a strong moslem; (2) devoting to the parents; (3) ordering to do the right things and avoiding the bad things; (4) be patient; and (5) do not arrogant. Those ahlaq content are still relevant to this contemporary children education.
Implementasi Pendidikan Karakter dalam Pembelajaran
Authors: Julaiha Siti
Published: December 2022

The education institutions become a central place to create a young better generation than the privous ones through character education. The character education is a process of creating the students become an intactly good-characterized human in the dimension of mind, way of thinking, physically healthy, and hearted human. The character education is carving the students’ ahlaq through a process of knowing the good, loving the good, and acting the good. That process involves the coqnitive, emotional, and physical aspects, so the noble ahlaq can be carved become the habit of the mind, heart, and hands. The character education is directed to create a tough, competitive, noble hearted, moraly, tolerant, helpful, patriotic, and dinamic person who has the orientation of science and knowledge based on the belief and piety of Allah SWT. A teacher implements the character education in the teaching and learning process by making the students formulate the questions actively, find the sources of learning, collect the information, work with the information, reconstruct the fact, and present the result of reconstruction. The character education learning should be done by the teachers from the planning, implementaion, and evaluation.
Developing Transdisciplinary-based Material Design for Akidah Akhlak Learning
Authors: Ginting Lusinta Rehna , Lubis Saiful Akhyar , Ananda Rusydi
Published: December 2022

Transdisciplinary-based learning (TDBL) is a need of teachers in teaching where its existence offers for solutions to solve teaching and learning problems in class. In this case, the presence of TDBL in Aqidah Akhlak subject means integrating Islamic teaching into science as knowledge in a holistic way. Thus, this study aims to propose a new way of teaching by developing the learning materials for the Aqidah Akhlak subject which is integrated into TDBL. Plomp’s model of research and development design is used in this research which typically includes five stages including problem analysis, design, realization, implementation, and evaluation. The result from expert validation both for student and teacher books is considered in the eligible category, highly eligible for field trial assessment, and practical category for the practical assessment. Students’ performance on Aqidah Akhlak subject is dominated by moderate level rather than high one. T-test proved that the use of TDBL Aqidah Akhlak learning materials effective to be utilized in class. Through the result of the study, it can be concluded that the proposed product of TDBL Aqidah Akhlak learning materials can be used both for students and teachers. Discussion and research implications are discussed further in this study.
Schools Through the Perspective of Students from Different Countries: The Case of Spain, Italy, Poland, Portugal, Romania, and Turkey
Authors: Doğuş Yurdagül , ÖZDOĞRU Mehmet
Published: December 2022

This research was carried out to determine the perceptions of schools of students studying in five European Union countries (Spain, Italy, Poland, Portugal, Romania) and the candidate country Turkey. In the study, the data were obtained through the student opinion form created by the researchers and analyzed by content analysis. In the study, it was determined that most of the students had a positive perception towards the school and described the school with positive concepts, metaphors, emotions, and values. Students with a positive perception of school have described school with the concepts of learning, friendship, future, development, entertainment, life, responsibility; positive emotions such as success, happiness, trust, pleasure, interest, love, joy, and respect; value expressions such as helpfulness, friendship, empathy; and with the house, family, home metaphors. It has also been understood that some of the students (13%) have a negative perception of school, they do not like school, and they continue to school because it is compulsory. It was among the findings of the research that the students with a negative perception of school have described school by metaphors expressing physical and emotional discomfort such as boredom, suffering, headache, burnout; and metaphors emphasizing the restriction of freedom such as prison, captivity, and watch tower. In addition, it has been determined that students with negative perceptions have individual and organizational reasons for these perceptions. In the research, it was concluded that there are common meanings in students’ perceptions of school in different countries towards the school, and no matter what language they speak, the students describe the school with similar thoughts and feelings. In this direction, suggestions have been made to increase the awareness of executives and policymakers about students' perceptions of school, to consider the interests and needs of students in the physical design of schools, to implement support programs that will enable students to develop a positive perception of the school, and to conduct longitudinal studies examining the reasons for these perceptions of students with negative perceptions.
The Relationship between Science Teacher Candidates’ Attitudes towards Teaching Profession and Their Self-Efficacy Beliefs towards Teaching Science
Authors: Çelik Sibel Açışlı , Ergin İsmet
Published: December 2022

This study was aimed to examine the relationship between pre-service science teachers' attitudes toward the teaching profession, their learning styles, and their self-efficacy beliefs toward teaching science. The sample of the research consisted of 127 teacher candidates studying in the Science Education Department of a state university in the 2020-2021 academic year. The data collection tool in the research was the Science Teaching Self-Efficacy Belief Scale; Kolb Learning Style Inventory III and Attitude towards Teaching Profession Scale were used. The research model is the relational survey model, which is under the general survey model. In the survey method, the aim is to uncover a statement in detail. The analysis of the data was carried out with the SPSS statistical program. In the study, it was determined that pre-service science teachers generally have an assimilating learning style, and their learning styles differ according to their grade levels but not according to their gender. In the study, it was determined that teacher candidates generally have a positive attitude toward the teaching profession and their attitudes differ according to their grade levels but not according to their gender. In the study, it was determined that teacher candidates generally have a positive attitude towards the teaching profession and their attitudes differ according to their grade levels but not according to their gender. In addition, the pre-service science teachers' self-efficacy beliefs in science teaching were at a "sufficient" level; significant differences were found in the sub-dimensions of science self-efficacy, belief in efficacy, and outcome expectation, according to gender and grade levels. In addition, a significant relationship was found between pre-service teachers' attitudes toward the teaching profession and their learning styles. There is a positive but low-level relationship between pre-service teachers' level of result expectation, which is the science self-efficacy sub-dimension, and their attitudes towards the teaching profession; No significant relationship was found between the level of efficacy belief, which is the sub-dimension of science self-efficacy, and the attitude towards the teaching profession.
The EFL Learners’ Lens on Online Teaching Speaking and its Effective Teachers at Islamic Higher Education
Authors: Iftanti Erna
Published: December 2022

Learning language skills such as speaking, which is emphasized by practicing a lot, should also adjust to the online learning platform. This paper is then intended to portray how EFL learners perceive online learning to learn and improve their speaking skills. The study was done by administering an online questionnaire survey to forty-six students of UIN Sayyid Ali Rahmatullah Tulungagung who attended Speaking for Daily Interaction Subject. This study revealed that Google meet is the most helpful learning application for online speaking classes, but attending offline classroom meetings is preferable to improve their speaking skills. Although there are some challenges, such as feeling insecure, less social contact with practicing speaking, and a bad internet connection, they claim that their skills of using a daily expression in English are getting improved through using appropriate online learning applications taught by an effective teacher. The portrait of the effective teacher of speaking was also ferreted out. These findings are pedagogically implemented to conduct an effective online speaking class. Yet, because this study was conducted with a small scope of respondents, then future researchers are suggested to include a wider scope of respondents in order to contribute to the finding of this research.
CAN ZAKAT AND PURIFICATION BE EMPLOYED IN PORTFOLIO MODELLING?
Authors: Subekti Retno , Abdurakhman Abdurakhman , Rosadi Dedi
Published: December 2022

The Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM), which has interest rates in its specification, can be deemed non-Shariah compliant. Therefore, the sukuk rate has been proposed to replace these rates in CAPM. This study analyses portfolio modelling by involving two essential elements in Islamic principles, namely zakat and purification. The concept of purification has been applied in the Shariah stock selection process in Indonesia, while at the same time, zakat has been widely socialised in stock investment. The study highlights two models that consider the concept of zakat reduction and the purification factors for portfolios in the Indonesian stock market. According to the robustness tests conducted, the proposed Shariah-compliant asset pricing model developed in this study is valid. Zakat reduction and purification factor integration in mathematical models can be applied in portfolio modelling.
BIOTURBATORS AS ECOSYSTEM ENGINEERS: ASSESSING CURRENT MODELS
Authors: LAING BRITTANY A. , BUATOIS LUIS A. , MÁNGANO M. GABRIELA , MINTER NICHOLAS J. , STROTZ LUKE C. , NARBONNE GUY M. , BROCK GLENN A.
Published: December 2022

Bioturbating organisms can dramatically alter the physical, chemical, and hydrological properties of the sediment and promote or hinder microbial growth. They are a classic example of “ecosystem engineers” as they alter the availability of resources to other species. Multiple evolutionary hypotheses evoke bioturbation as a possible driver for historical ecological change. To test these hypotheses, researchers need reliable and reproducible methods for estimating the impact of bioturbation in ancient environments. Early efforts to record and compare this impact through geologic time focused on the degree of bioturbation (e.g., bioturbation indices), the depth of bioturbation (e.g., bioturbation depth), or the structure of the infaunal community (e.g., tiering, ecospace utilization). Models which combine several parameters (e.g., functional groups, tier, motility, sediment interaction style) have been proposed and applied across the geological timescale in recent years. Here, we review all models that characterize the impact of bioturbators on the sedimentary environment (i.e., ‘ecosystem engineering'), in both modern and fossil sediments, and propose several questions. What are the assumptions of each approach? Are the current models appropriate for the metrics they wish to measure? Are they robust and reproducible? Our review highlights the nature of the sedimentary environment as an important parameter when characterizing ecosystem engineering intensity and outlines considerations for a best-practice model to measure the impact of bioturbation in geological datasets.
Adherence to the Exercise Program in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) Undergoing Haemodialysis at a Tertiary Hospital
Authors: V Vijay Samuel Raj , Mangalvedhe Prashanth V , Shetty Manjunath S
Published: December 2022

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is considered as one of the current public health problem, associated with increased mortality rates. People with CKD have a greater chance of having a decreased function and quality of life (QoL). It’s important to keep one active and healthy at the same time encourage and incorporate exercises and physical activity.
Methods: The objectives are to evaluate the adherence to exercise programme by patients diagnosed with CKD undergoing dialysis and to identify potential barriers to patient adherence to exercise program. The observational study was carried out in a tertiary hospital at dialysis unit. Total 42 patients undergoing dialysis as outpatients in a tertiary hospital completed the study. The baseline outcome measures of joint range of motion and maximum repetition rate (MRR) testing selected muscles were checked. Strengthening exercises for using resistance band were carried out during haemodialysis and a home exercise program (HEP) was taught to the patients to be followed on the remaining five days of the week. At the end of three months, adherence to the exercise was evaluated through questionnaire.
Results: At the end of 12 weeks 52% adhered to exercises during dialysis and 48% at Home Exercise Program (HEP)
Conclusions: Adherence to strengthening exercise programme in patients undergoing haemodialysis as out-patients in a tertiary hospital is average. It is clinically essential to take the adherence in to consideration while prescribing exercise program in patients undergoing dialysis.
The influence of human leukocyte antigen class I loci -A, -B, -C, and class II HLA-DRB1 alleles in a Brazilian HTLV-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP) population and association with disease outcome and proviral load
Authors: Schor Doris , Porto Luís Cristóvão , Roma Eric Henrique , Castro-Alves Julio , Villela Anna Paula , Araújo Abelardo Q. C. , Bonecini-Almeida Maria da Gloria
Published: December 2022

Around ten million people are infected with HTLV-1 worldwide, and 1–4% develop HTLV-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP), characterized by an important degeneration of the spinal cord, that can lead to death. Distinct HLA alleles have been associated with either HAM/TSP susceptibility or protection. However, these HLA alleles set may change according to the population studied. Brazil is the second country in the number of HTLV-1 infected people and there are few reports addressing the HLA influence on HTLV-1 infection as well as on disease outcome. The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of HLA alleles as a risk factor for HAM/TSP and the proviral load (PVL) levels, clinical progression, and death outcomes in an admixed Brazilian population. The HLA-A, -B, -C, and -DRB1 were genotyped in 375 HTLV-1-infected individuals divided into asymptomatic carriers (AC) (n = 165) and HAM/TSP (n = 210) in a longitudinal cohort from eight to 22 years of follow-up. The alleles HLA-A*68 and -C*07 were related to HAM/TSP risk in multivariate analysis. The alleles HLA-A*33, and -A*36 were associated with protection against disease progression in HAM/TSP patients, while HLA-B*37, -C*12, -C*14, and -DRB1*08 were associated with increased risk of death. In the AC group, the presence of HLA-B*45, -B*47, -B*58, -C*06 and -DRB1*15 alleles influenced an increased PVL, in an adjusted linear regression model, while -A*30, -A*34, -B*40, -C*06, -C*17 and -DRB1*09 alleles were associated with increased PVL in HAM/TSP group compared to HAM/TSP individuals not carrying these alleles. All these alleles were also related to increased PVL associated with clinical progression outcome. Increased PVL associated with the death outcome was linked to the presence of HLA-A*30. PVL has been associated with HLA, and several alleles were related in AC and HAM/TSP patients with or without interacting with clinical progression outcomes. Understanding the prognostic value of HLA in HAM/TSP pathogenesis can provide important biomarkers tools to improve clinical management and contribute to the discovery of new therapeutic interventions.
Development and Evaluation of a Rapid, Specific, and Sensitive Loop-mediated Isothermal Amplification Assay to Detect Tenacibaculum sp. Strain Pbs-1 Associated with Black-spot Shell Disease in Akoya Pearl Oysters
Authors: Sakatoku Akihiro , Suzuki Takaya , Tatamiya Yuri , Seki Makoto , Tanaka Daisuke , Nakamura Shogo , Isshiki Tadashi
Published: December 2022

Black-spot shell disease decreases pearl quality and threatens pearl oyster survival. Establishment of a rapid, specific, and sensitive assay to detect Tenacibaculum sp. strain Pbs-1 associated with black-spot shell disease is of commercial importance. We developed a rapid, specific, and highly sensitive loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay to detect Tenacibaculum sp. Pbs-1 in Akoya pearl oysters Pinctada fucata. A set of five specific primers (two inner, two outer, and a loop) were designed based on the 16S–23S internal spacer region of strain Pbs-1. The optimum reaction temperature was 63°C, and concentrations of the inner and loop primers were 1.4 µM and 1.0 µM, respectively. The LAMP product can be detected using agarose gel electrophoresis, and the color change in the reaction tube can be detected visually (by the naked eye) following the addition of malachite green. Our assay proved to be specific for strain Pbs-1, with no cross-reactivity with five other species of Tenacibaculum. The detection limit of the LAMP assay at 35 min is 50 pg, and at 60 min it is 5 fg. We evaluated the LAMP assay using diseased and healthy pearl oysters. The results demonstrate the suitability and simplicity of this test for rapid field diagnosis of strain Pbs-1.