bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
FENTON OXIDATION AS AN ALTERNATIVE TO BIOLOGICAL WASTEWATER TREATMENT
Authors:   Tomsk State University (Tomsk, Russian Federation), Ganiev T.M.
Published: January 2021

This article discusses the possibility of replacing biological treatment units with activated sludge with a Fenton oxidation reactor. The main advantages and disadvantages of this cleaning method are determined. A possible scheme for the implementation of the project of treatment facilities operating on the principle of Fenton oxidation is considered.
THE EFFECT OF COMPLEX COMPOSTS ON THE GROWTH AND DYNAMICS OF THE NUMBER OF VERMICULTURE ESENIA FETIDA
Authors:   Surgut State University (Surgut, Russian Federation), Nakonechnyi N.V. , Ibragimova D.V. ,   Surgut State University (Surgut, Russian Federation), Emtsev A.A. ,   Surgut State University (Surgut, Russian Federation)
Published: January 2021

The article discusses the effects of complex composts from waste water and beer gains on the growth of Esenia fetida vermiculture in closed ground conditions as a regional aspect of the sustainable development of the Ugra.
ANTHROPOGENIC IMPACT ON WATER BODIES VLADIMIR REGION
Authors:   Vladimir State University (Vladimir, Russian Federation), Pugacheva E.A. , Frolova T.N. ,   Vladimir State University (Vladimir, Russian Federation)
Published: January 2021

The article considers the level of surface water pollution, hydrochemical composition of river and underground waters of the Vladimir region. The number of the population living on the contaminated territories of water objects of the region is analyzed. Restoration and ecological rehabilitation of water bodies from 2013 to 2020 is considered.
CATCHMENTS OF SMALL RIVERS AS THE BASIS FOR A COMPREHENSIVE ASSESSMENT OF THE STATE OF STEPPE LANDSCAPES
Authors:   The Steppe Institute of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Orenburg, Russia), Sivokhip Z.T. , Padalko Yu.A. ,   The Steppe Institute of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Orenburg, Russia), Pavleichik V.M. ,   The Steppe Institute of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Orenburg, Russia), Chibilev A.A. ,   The Steppe Institute of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Orenburg, Russia)
Published: January 2021

The issues of complex assessment of the state of steppe landscapes based on the analysis of the functioning of catchments of small rivers are considered. As an example, the calculation of the index of optimal functioning of key catchments of small rivers in the Ural River basin is presented. An integral index of the functional state of small river catchments has been developed and tested.
TERRITORIAL STRUCTURE OF NATURE MANAGEMENT WITHIN THE BELT FORESTS OF THE ALTAI TERRITORY (ON THE EXAMPLE OF INDIVIDUAL MUNICIPAL DISTRICTS)
Authors:   Altai State University (Barnaul, Russia), Starova I.V. , Shvetsova L.V. ,   Altai State University (Barnaul, Russian Federation)
Published: January 2021

A systematization of actual data on the settlement and development of the territory within the ribbon pine forests of the southwestern part of the Altai Territory was carried out, and the reasons for these processes were identified. The processes of formation and development of the territorial structure of nature management are considered.
ECONOMIC USE OF WATER OBJECTS IN THE TERRITORY OF THE PAVLODAR REGION OF THE REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN
Authors:   Altai State University (Barnaul, Russia), Tulendinova Yu.G. , Shvetsova L.V. ,   Altai State University (Barnaul, Russian Federation)
Published: January 2021

This article systematizes data on water bodies of the Pavlodar region of the Republic of Kazakhstan and the geography of their location. The features of the economic use of water bodies in ten districts and two urban districts of the study area are revealed.
Synthesis of Divanillin in the Presence of Water Extract and Juice of Horseradish Root
Authors: Kaygorodov Konstantin L. , Smirnova Marina A. , Tarabanko Valery E.
Published: January 2021

The divanillin synthesis by oxidative dimerization of vanillin in the presence of juice and water extracts of horseradish root (Armorácia rusticána), a more available and cheaper catalyst as compared with horseradish reactive peroxidase (HRP) was studied. The divanillin yield exceeds 90 mol. % based on loaded vanillin. The peroxidase activity in juice and water extracts of horseradish root was estimated
Developing Safe Driving Attitudes Among Novice Drivers
Authors: Kharchenko M.A. , Plotnikova M.A.
Published: January 2021

Drinking and driving is one of the most pressing issues in road safety worldwide. Alcohol impaired driving significantly increases the risk of being involved in a road crash and the severity of its consequences. Alcohol related crashes are the leading course of death and disability — they account for up to 60% of the fatalities in road crashes, while “drunk” crashes account for only about 10% of the total number of car accidents. This problem is relevant for all countries where the use of alcoholic beverages is legalized. In this study, we experimentally researched the formation of social attitudes of safe driving among novice drivers associated with drinking and driving. The experimental group of learning drivers received an additional module “Drinking and Driving are incompatible” incorporated into the traditional training course. The experiment revealed statistically significant differences in the cognitive component of the attitude of novice drivers and the absence of such in the affective and behavioral components.
The Effect of Some Parameters on the Production of L(+) Lactic Acid Using Wheat wastewater by Rhizopus oryzae NRRL-395
Authors: GÖÇERİ Ali , ALMA Mehmet Hakkı , GEZGİNC Yekta , KARAOĞUL Eyyüp
Published: January 2021

The aim of the study was to investigate some major parameters on production lactic acid using wheat wastewater by Rhizopus oryzae NRRL-395. The parameters, which may play an effective role in production, were determined. For developing and producing pure L(+)-Lactic acid of the filamentous fungus Rhizopus oryzae NRRL-395, rich medium with wheat wastewater and glucose as carbon source were used in the study. The effects of carbon sources concentration, pH, agitation (shaking speed) and spores concentration on lactic acid production were examined. After fermentation process, the highest values of lactic acid obtained from wheat wastewater and glucose were analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detectors (HPLC-UV). The maximum L (+) Lactic acid production in shake flasks was investigated at pH 6, 1.0x106 spores/mL, 150 rpm, 30 ̊C at 8 days. The maximum lactic acid content for wheat wastewater and glucose were obtained at a concentration of 100% (5.638 g/L) and 150 g/L (5.042 g/L). The maximum lactic acid amount of 5.568 g/L was obtained at pH value of 6 for wheat wastewater. However, the maximum lactic acid amount of 2.463 g/L was obtained at pH value of 6 for glucose. The maximum lactic acid values for wheat wastewater and glucose were obtained 5.603 g/L and 2.483 g/L at 150 rpm speed, respectively. The maximum lactic acid values for wheat wastewater and glucose were obtained 5.804 g/L and 5.646 g/L at the 1.0x106 spores/mL respectively.
Gelenekselden Dijitale Propaganda Araçlarının Dönüşümü
Authors: KARAKUŞ Melis
Published: January 2021

Bireylerin ve toplumun düşüncelerinin istenilen şekilde yönlendirilmesi, yüzyıllardır propaganda tekniği ile mümkün olmuştur. Propaganda, bireylerin düşüncelerinin kişi veya kişilerce etkileme yöntemi, geçmişten günümüze özellikle siyasal alanda oldukça sık kullanılmaktadır. Propagandada, etkilemek istenilen bireyler bir kitleye dahil olduğundan dolayı, benimsetilmek istenilen düşüncelerin kitlelere ulaşılmasında en kolay ve en ulaşılabilir yol olan kitle iletişim araçları her zaman tercih edilmiştir. Geçmişte daha çok şuan geleneksel olarak adlandırılan radyo, televizyon, gazete gibi kitle iletişim araçları propaganda amaçlı tercih edilmiş olsa da günümüzde bu araçların yerini yeni medya olarak adlandırılan dijital ortam ve araçları almıştır.

Günümüzde propaganda, en ulaşılabilir hali ile sosyal medya aracılığıyla yapılmaktadır. İletişim teknolojisinde yaşanan gelişmeler, iletişim ortam ve araçlarını değiştirmiş ve bu araçların kullanım amaçlarını da genişletmiştir. Geleneksel kitle iletişim araçlarının yerini alan sanal ortam, propaganda için oldukça uygun bir mekan olarak görülmektedir. Reklam, pazarlama ve daha çok siyasi amaçlarla kullanılan propaganda, dijital ortamlarda kendine daha sık ve kolayca yer bulabilmiştir. Çoklu bir iletişime olanak sağlayan dijital mekanlar, her kesimden bireyin veya grubun bir başka birey veya kitleye ulaşması, etkilemesi, etkilemeyi hedeflediği kitle ile iletişime geçmesi ve bu kitle üzerinde nüfuz etmesini hızlandırması açısından propaganda tekniklerine yeni bir ortam sağlamıştır.

Çalışmanın amacı, siyasal iletişim sürecinin dönüşümü, propaganda ve günümüzde daha sık rastlanılan, sanal ortamda gerçekleştirilen ve kitlesine ulaşmayı sosyal medya platformu üzerinden hedefleyen dijital propaganda kavramları incelemeyi kapsamaktadır.
“MY PRECIOUS… TOILET PAPER”: STOCKPILING DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC IS RELATED TO SELFISHNESS, BUT NOT TO FEAR
Authors: Dinić Bojana , Bodroža Bojana
Published: January 2021

Stockpiling during a crisis is usually seen as a response to experienced fear or as a form of social behavior. This study aimed to explore the effects of personality traits linked to antisociality (selfishness) and prosociality (prosocial tendencies) and the context-related state factor (fear related to the pandemic) on stockpiling during the COVID-19 pandemic. The final sample included 545 participants (77.6% females) from Serbia. During the proclaimed emergency state and curfew in March and April 2020, data were collected on three aspects of selfishness (adaptive, egocentric, and pathological), six types of prosocial tendencies (altruism, dire, compliant, emotional, public, and anonymous), and the state of fear related to the pandemic. First, the results showed that gender, age, and educational level were not related to stockpiling, while household size positively correlated with stockpiling. Second, the results showed that adaptive and pathological selfishness as well as the public prosocial tendency showed low positive correlations with stockpiling, while altruism showed a low negative correlation. The obtained correlations held even when household size was controlled for. However, in the regression analysis, only adaptive selfishness showed a small but significant effect on stockpiling, over and above household size. In sum, the results showed that fear related to the pandemic was not associated with stockpiling, indicating that stockpiling could be seen as a form of selfish behavior.
Carbon dioxide emission, economic growth, and energy consumption among Central Asian countries
Authors: Shah Imtiyaz Ahmad , Haq Imtiyaz ul
Published: January 2021

The paper examines the relationship between carbon dioxide emission, economic growth, and energy consumption among five Central Asian countries during 2000-2017. To verify the said relationship, we have used both static (pooled OLS and Fixed effect) and dynamic Generalized Method of Moments.  The results indicate that GDP has a significantly negative impact, while a square of GDP has a significantly positive impact on carbon dioxide emission. Therefore, our findings support the U-shaped Environmental Kuznets Curve. Also, energy consumption is having a significantly positive impact on carbon dioxide emissions. The results emphasize non-renewable sources of energy, low carbon emission technologies, and sustainable growth.
TRACES OF MILITARY EXPERIENCE ON ARTIFACTS: CRITERIA FOR DETERMINING THE VALUE AND PRACTICE OF CONSERVATION
Authors:   St. Petersburg state institute of culture, Leonov Ivan V. , Kirillov Igor V. ,   Publishing house «Pronto Petersburg»
Published: January 2021

The first part of the article is devoted to the study of a special group of historical and cultural artifacts that bear the traces of the impact of wars and armed conflicts. These «scars» of history are a rather contradictory phenomenon, on the one hand distorting the monument, and on the other, often supplementing and even strengthening the material form and value-semantic aura of the artifact. Within the framework of this article, an attempt is made to study the value-semantic nature of these scars and the mental and psychological characteristics of their perception; the archetypal foundations are also considered, which underlie the specific perception of military «scars» on the monuments of historical and cultural heritage. With regard to the presented group of monuments, there are various work practices in terms of their identification, preservation, restoration, exhibiting and popularization; among these, there are practices aimed at «erasing» the scars received by monuments in the course of historical and cultural collisions; there are also practices of preserving these traces of the impact of history; in addition, the practice of fragmentary preservation of war scars on artifacts finds their manifestation. The article contains a number of specific historical examples of the implementation of these practices, including both domestic and foreign experience of working with cultural heritage; the historical evolution of the practices of working with «scarred» monuments is also considered. Special attention is paid to the humanitarian and technological features of the popularization of «scarred» artifacts as «places of military memory»; the question is raised about the significance of this activity for national commemorative policy, for the preservation and intergenerational transmission of the system-forming value-semantic attitudes of the national culture. In the second part of the article, the main attention will be paid to the study of the practice of working with monuments of historical and cultural heritage with traces of military experience – based on the exposition and experience of the Central Naval Museum after the Emperor Peter the Great (St.-Petersburg).
CLASSICS ON THE VERGE OF MASS CULTURE: STRATEGIES FOR REPRESENTATION
Authors:   Yaroslavl state pedagogical university named after K. D. Ushinsky, Gustyakova Dariya Yu.
Published: January 2021

The article explores the problem of representation of musical classics in modern culture, due to the influences of popular culture and the characteristics of the perception of mass audience. Two main strategies for performing representation of musical classics in the space of popular culture are identified and substantiated: pseudo-academic representation and post-classical representation. Signs of a pseudo-academic strategy, which are uttered emotionality, «commenting» on the expressiveness of facial expressions and plastic, additional visual details and accessories on the verge of shocking – are revealed on the example of such famous musicians as pianist Lan Lan, conductor Valery Gergiev and singer Anna Netrebko. During pseudo-academic representation, the performance of academic music is transformed into the phenomenon of popular culture, while the quality of the performance of a musical work either becomes an element of the show (virtuosity is brought to the forefront of the representation), or the visual and expressive component of the performing act begins to prevail over the musical and technical component and the musical material becomes secondary to the interpretation process. During the implementation of the post-classical strategy, the text of the classical work itself enters the field of popular culture and begins to function as its product, while the interpreter is fully a figure in popular culture, transforming musical classics into the phenomenon of artistic «postculture.» It is proposed to include the phenomenon of classical crossover, a cultural strategy involving the integration of classical music into the field of popular culture. Classical crossover is a commercial product based on musical classics, the creators of which, solving the problem of listening perception (habitually, attractively, in demand), combine classical music with jazz, rock, pop music and other commercial areas, borrow techniques, instruments, methods of visual representation. An example of a postclassical strategy for representing musical classics in the space of modern popular culture, for example, is the implementation of classical crossover in the work of the art group M. Turetsky Choir.
USE OF INTERNET RESOURCES BY SCHOOLCHILDREN TO SOLVE EDUCATIONAL AND COGNITIVE TASKS
Authors:   Yaroslavl state pedagogical university named after K. D. Ushinsky, Simanovskij Andrei E.
Published: January 2021

The article is devoted to the problem of using Internet resources by schoolchildren for solving cognitive tasks and self-development. A review of the literature noted a nonlinear (parabolic) relationship between the time spent on the Internet and the level of psychosocial well-being of a student. The article is aimed at identifying a similar relationship between the time, when a student uses the Internet and the student’s willingness to use the Internet for solving cognitive tasks and cognitive development. The question of the age dynamics of the ability to use Internet resources for solving cognitive tasks was also investigated. To test these ideas, a survey was conducted where schoolchildren from Yaroslavl participated in three age groups: 12-13 years old, 14-15 years old and 15-16 years old. The total sample size was 134 people. It was found out that the time spent on the Internet does not change with age, but the ability to use the Internet for solving cognitive problems and self-development increases with age. It was also found out that an increase in the time spent on the Internet and an increase in dependence on the Internet is negatively associated with the ability to use Internet resources for solving cognitive tasks and cognitive self-development. The study revealed that the turning point when schoolchildren change their attitude to the Internet and it turns from a means of entertainment and communication into a means of cognitive development is 14-15 years. At the same time, even in the senior school age, there remains a small group of boys and girls who do not want to use the Internet as a means of learning and development and treat it exclusively as a means of communication and entertainment. These individuals have a high level of Internet addiction.
PERSONALIZATION OF TRAINING BASED ON WEB QUEST TECHNOLOGY
Authors:   Yaroslavl state pedagogical university named after K. D. Ushinsky, Chernyavskaya Anna P.
Published: January 2021

The effectiveness of training is determined by many factors. Among them, more and more attention is paid to the compliance of the content of training with individual characteristics and needs of students. The thesis that a student should be the subject of their own learning finally gets a real embodiment. The article discusses aspects of a personalized approach to teaching related to changes in the teacher's activity. In the context of personalization, the educational process is designed and implemented in such a way that the student acts as a subject of educational activity. The article discusses the principles, conditions, forms and methods of work necessary for personalization. There are always two sides involved in the educational process – the teacher and the student. The student will achieve better results if the training activity is comfortable for him in terms of psychological and pedagogical conditions. The role of the teacher in these conditions changes from informational and disciplining to organizational, coordination, and consulting. In other ways, several tasks are set and implemented: (1) selecting the content and methods of teaching; (2) organizing interaction with students; (3) the teacher's perception of students' learning activities. The article discusses the requirements for the selection of educational content: training should have a personal meaning and an individualized standard; educational material should stimulate the development of reflection on students' own experience; students in the process of working with educational content should be able to formulate their own goals; educational content should be designed in such a way as to stimulate the endless process of learning among students. Special attention is paid to the construction of the training content. As one of the bases for personalization of training, the article considers the technology of designing and solving web quests. Web quest is a research activity that allows students to gain new knowledge and expand their understanding of the issue being studied. The results of using this technology in teaching master's degree students during distance learning are discussed.
DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION OF HIGHER EDUCATION: A NEW LOOK AT THE CONFIGURATION OF THE EDUCATIONAL PROCESS AND INTERACTION
Authors:   Yaroslavl state pedagogical university named after K. D. Ushinsky, Razumova Anzhelika B. , Ritskova Tatiyana I. ,   Yaroslavl state pedagogical university named after K. D. Ushinsky, Sinitsyn Igor S. ,   Yaroslavl state pedagogical university named after K. D. Ushinsky
Published: January 2021

Based on the analysis of the existing practice of organizing the educational process in the higher education system, the article examines the features of its transformation and restructuring in the context of digitalization as a global trend in the development of all spheres of human activity. At the same time, it is noted that digitalization allows a new approach to achieving the planned educational results, to implementing the content of education, methods and organizational forms of educational work, as well as evaluating the results achieved. The article emphasizes that digitalization, on the one hand, provides increased openness, flexibility of education, and greater involvement of students in the educational process. It is also noted that the education digitalization allows you to design new educational situations, involve new actors in the learning process, while transforming the configuration of relations between its main participants. Digitalization makes significant changes in the role of the teacher and the student in the learning process, which requires appropriate adaptation. Special attention is paid to clarifying the main definitions related to the process of education digitalization and the implementation of e-learning. The main requirements for designing e-learning components such as video lectures, webinars, and e-courses are considered. The roles of the teacher that allow implementing e-learning in the higher education system are identified separately. In conclusion, it is noted that the digital transformation of higher education provides a new round of its development in modern conditions and is expressed in the formation of a new – mixed – learning model that allows building a higher education system at a qualitatively different level, in which educational results are formed in digital conditions with a rational combination of classical and innovative didactic solutions.
CREATING A DIGITAL ENVIRONMENT IS A WAY TO IMPROVE THE QUALITY OF EDUCATION
Authors:   Ulyanovsk State Pedagogical University named after I.N. Ulyanov, Petrishchev Igor O.
Published: January 2021

Continuous improvement of the education system, aimed at improving the quality of educational services provided by educational institutions, updates the need for different pedagogical thinking, innovative forms and new conditions for implementing education, up-bringing and development of students. One of the ways to solve these problems is to create digital educational environment in educational institutions. The article is aimed at solving the following number of problems: studying the essence of the digital educational environment, identifying its structure, studying the requirements for making modern digital environment of a higher educational institution. The work justifies the need to create digital educational environment in conditions of education informatization and digitalization. Approaches to substantiating the essence of the digital educational environment have been defined, the conditions for its creation in order to improve the quality of educational services have been outlined. The advantages of the digital educational environment include: providing educational opportunities for all participants in the educational process equally; learning mobility (variation of time and place of learning); life-long learning during the life; opportunities for the training of schoolchildren, students, participants in courses and vocational retraining programs along the designed individual educational routes; consumption, use and development of e-learning resources. The organization of educational activities in the digital environment is aimed at the optimal solution of fundamental didactic problems with the most necessary coverage of all the advantages of information and communication technologies, digital learning technologies and their means. In addition, the conditions of the digital educational environment allow us to develop a certain electronic basis for the development of the cognitive and creative activities of students and teachers, supporting the continuous dynamic formation of a system of knowledge and competencies, which is the basis for managing and ensuring the quality of the pedagogical process and educational services.
CONSTRUCTION OF THE CHINA–RUSSIA–MONGOLIA ECONOMIC CORRIDOR IN THE CONTEXT OF THE GLOBAL EPIDEMIC
Authors:   Institute for the Study of Russia, Eastern Europe and Central Asia, UNA, Li Yonghui
Published: January 2021

This article is one of the results of the 2020 Basic Research Fellows Funding Program of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences Innovation Engineering Fellows Funding Project “Development of Strategic Cooperation between China and Russia in East Asia: Content, Problems and Prospects”. This article includes the materials of a video conference on the topic “Construction of the China–Russia–Mongolia economic corridor in the context of the global epidemic”, conducted by the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences and the Chinese Research Center of the Far Eastern Federal University in May 2020. The article is devoted to the problems and prospects for the construction of the China–Russia–Mongolia economic corridor in the situation of the pandemic of coronavirus pneumonia, it is noted that the determination of the status of the development of the China–Russia–Mongolia economic corridor, an analysis of the opportunities and problems of its development, which can help these countries to restore the economy after the epidemic. The article provides an overview of the construction of the China–Russia–Mongolia economic corridor before the epidemic, when significant progress was made in such areas as infrastructure communications, the possibility of unhindered trade, financial flows, personnel cooperation, the construction of international road and railway corridors, etc., it considers the impact of the epidemic on the construction of the China–Russia–Mongolia economic corridor (sharp decline in total trade between countries, reduction in financial resources, etc.) the possibilities and problems of joint construction of the economic corridor in the post-epidemic era are analyzed, proposals are put forward to promote the construction of the China–Russia– Mongolia economic corridor in the main areas of cooperation: development of transport infrastructure and communications, construction of ports, cooperation in the field of production capacities and investments, trade and economic cooperation, cooperation in the field of humanitarian exchanges, cooperation in the field of ecology and environmental protection, as well as cooperation between border territories. The China– Russia–Mongolia economic corridor should become a new area of regional economic cooperation, the goal of the construction should be to take care of creating a common future in Northeast Asia, to create a legal and institutional framework for the unhindered implementation of specific cooperation projects in the construction of the corridor after the epidemic.
ALLEGORICAL TRAVELS OF THE KIEVAN PRINCE IN THE POEM “VLADIMIR” BY M. M. KHERASKOV
Authors:   FSBEI HE “Lomonosov Moscow State University, Semenova Anastasia V.
Published: January 2021

The article examines several episodes of the poem “Vladimir” by M. M. Kheraskov, highlights and analyzes two allegorical journeys of the main character. By means of allegories, the work implements the author's didactic tasks – to instruct readers on the path of virtue on the example of the character's adventures. Vladimir's wanderings take place in a fantastic space and are aimed at spiritual rebirth and salvation of the soul. The vices and temptations of the Kievan Prince appear personified before him and try to turn the hero away from receiving baptism, discredit or distort the Christian faith. The first allegorical journey corresponds to the initial stage of the inner transformation of the character, the second coincides with the final one. Going to the abode of the righteous, Vladimir finds himself in darkness and fog, symbolizing his spiritual blindness, doubts and delusions, faces monstersvices under beautiful disguises, but with the help of a magic object – the flame of faith, presented by the wise mentor Idolem – fights with them and wins. On the way to the temple in the last song of the poem, Vladimir is again stopped and confused by pagans and embodied temptations, but the hero independently distinguishes between good and evil, truth and lies. As a result, the Kievan Prince makes the right choice, overthrows opponents and reaches the goal – the true temple where he receives baptism. Vladimir's twice-completed journey reflects the metamorphosis taking place with the hero. At the same time, allegorical journeys create the fantastic background necessary for the epic, replacing the mythological component. The magical adventures of Vladimir make the plot of the poem more fascinating, illustrate the moral quest of the Kievan Prince, thus allowing you to unobtrusively educate readers without boring teachings.
Exploring the Knowledge Levels of Bankers on Health Risks of Overweight and Obesity: A Cross-Sectional Study, Ghana
Authors: JONATHAN JUSTICE , Baba Stephen , Kwawudade Kezia Etornam , Abambila Solomon , Gyan Charity , Okonkwo Chinenye Ifunanya
Published: January 2021

Background: Overweight and obesity are becoming serious public health menace in the world today. Weight gain is skyrocketing across the globe due to growing economy, fast food expansion and a shift towards more sedentary living. However, most people lack knowledge regarding risks associated with overweight and obesity. Aim: The study aimed to explore the knowledge level of bankers in the Ho Municipality on the health risks associated with overweight and obesity. Methodology: A cross-sectional study design with quantitative method was employed. The study spanned from September 7, 2018 to April 25, 2019. A self-administered questionnaire and convenience sampling technique were used to obtain data. Data were analysed using IBM SPSS Statistics 21 Developer and the results presented in statistical tables and graphs. Results: Of 136 participants investigated, 67 (49.3%) were between 31 - 40 years. 2 participants (1.5%) were underweight, 49(36.0%) had normal weight, 43(31.6%) were overweight while 42 (30.9%) were obese. The study revealed that female bankers were prone to overweight (37.78%) while the males were prone to obesity (56.52%). Participants generally had low knowledge and awareness on health risks of overweight and obesity. Conclusion: Most bankers in the Ho Municipality were overweight and obese due to insufficient knowledge and low awareness on the risks associated with overweight and obesity. Public education and awareness creation are urgently needed to stem the tide.
A Mechanistic Model for Genome-Scale Estimations of Metabolic Activity
Authors: Cubuk Cankut , Loucera Carlos , Hidalgo Marta , Amadoz Alicia , Carbonell-Caballero Jose , Peña-Chilet María , Dopazo Joaquin
Published: January 2021

In the last decade, different omic technologies have experiences an exponential technological advancement. However, metabolomics has not followed a similarly vertiginous improving improvement and are far from genomics or transcriptomics in terms of throughput, cost and even accuracy. Therefore, genome-scale in-silico methodologies to estimate metabolic activities from genomic data constitute an active field. The solutions available fall into two extremes: those with few assumptions about the relationships among proteins and metabolites, which are easy-to-use but less accurate and those that account for the complex relationships among molecules and proteins defined in the metabolic pathways, which are more accurate but require mathematical skills. Here, we introduce Metabolica, an algorithm that considers the complex functional relationships among all the molecules and proteins involved in the metabolic pathway analyzed but keeping an easy use that do not require of advanced mathematical skills. Metabolica has been implemented in a freely available software R package. The software inputs transcriptomic data and infers the activities of the reactions that produce the different metabolites in the pathway analyzed. An example shows how detected dysregulated metabolites in several cancers are related to patient survival.
A City-Scale Optimization for Distribution of Goods with Stochastic Service
Authors: Vargas Manuel , Davila Sebastian , Alfaro Miguel , Fuertes Guillermo , Dahmen Marc
Published: January 2021

The research develops the vehicular routing problem for the distribution of refrigerated products in a multinational company. The mathematical model corresponds to the vehicle routing problem with hard time windows and stochastic service (VRPTW-ST) time model applied in the city of Santiago de Chile. For optimization of the model, optimization methods tabu search, chaotic search and general algebraic modeling were used. The results allow to validate the meta-heuristic chaotic search to solve the VRPTW-ST; chaotic search method obtains superior performance than tabu search method for solving a real problem in a large city.
Heart Diseases Diagnose via Artificial Intelligence-Powered Mobile Application
Authors: Guven Mesut , Hardalac Firat , Ozisik Kanat , Tuna Funda
Published: January 2021

One of the oldest and common methods of diagnosing heart abnormalities is auscultation. Even for experienced medical doctors, it is not an easy task to detect abnormal patterns in the heart sounds. Most of the digital stethoscopes are now capable of recording and transferring the heart sounds. Moreover, it is proven that auscultation records can be classified as healthy or unhealthy via artificial intelligence techniques. In this work, an artificial intelligence-powered mobile application that works in a connectionless fashion is presented. According to the clinical experiments, the mobile application can detect heart abnormalities with approximately 92% accuracy which is comparable if not better than humans since only a small number of well-trained cardiologists can analyze auscultation records better than artificial intelligence. Using the diagnostic ability of artificial intelligence in a mobile application would change the classical way of auscultation for heart disease diagnosis.
Analysis Of Student Collaboration Skills Through Peer Assessment Of The Respiratory System Concept
Authors: Pratiwi Hana Rizky , Juhanda Aa , Setiono Setiono
Published: January 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui keterampilan kolaborasi siswa pada konsep sistem pernapasan manusia berdasarkan  peer assessment antar siswa. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah deksriptif kualitatif. Populasi subyek penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas VIII C SMP Negeri 1 Sukaraja tahun ajaran 2019/2020, dengan sample acak sebanyak  11  siswa karena adanya pembatasan kegiatan pembelajaran akibat adanya pandemic covid-19. Teknik pengumpulan data pada penelitian ini terdiri dari observasi lapangan, pengisian angket dan penilaian  sesuai rubric oleh siswa serta dokumentasi selama penelitian. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa berdasarkan penilaian menggunakan peer assessment kemampuan kolaborasi siswa kelas VIII C SMP Negeri 1 Sukaraja sudah cukup, hal tersebut diketahui berdasarkan hasil presentase rata-rata ke lima indikator keterampilan kolaborasi sebesar 39,97% hasil rata-rata ini termasuk kedalam kategori cukup. Kategori yang cukup ini, menjelaskan bahwa siswa dalam berkolaborasi dengan teman sekelompoknya sudah cukup. Siswa memberikan respon positif terhadap pembelajaran pada konsep sistem pernapasan, siswa juga memberikan repon positif terhadap penilaian keterampilan kolaborasi menggunakan peer assessment, karena dapat mengetahui dan menilai keterampilan kolaborasi yang dimiliki

 
Keanekaragaman Tumbuhan Di Sekitar Mata Air Sumur Gedhe Desa Tanjungsekar Kecamatan Pucakwangi Kabupaten Pati
Authors: Syahidah Dewi Nur , Kusumarini Niken
Published: January 2021

ABSTRACT

Sumur Gedhe’s water spring is one of the source used by some local society for cooking, washing and bathing. Around it are diverse plants. The purpose of this research is to tell diversity of plants around Sumur Gedhe. This research method is purposive sampling . Interviews were also conducted with the local society to find out how the water sping was maintained and preserved. There are 56 species  of plants are found around Sumur Gedhe. Spring conservation efforts can be done by avoiding littering plastic waste, not disposing of hazardous chemichals, utilizing water as needed and protecting plants around it. Most of them are wild plants. Plants habit were shurb, climbing shurb, tree, herbaceous and herb vines habitus.

 

Keywords: Tanjungsekar Village, Water Spring, Diversity, Plant.
Race to the Bottom: an Introduction to Gig Economy based on Moral Economy in Islam Perspective
Authors: Puspitarini Renny Candradewi , Basit Abdul
Published: January 2021

Gig economy has recently circling in the society in the digital era. It has been a result of risk society as described by Beck in his book. Though researches have been made by Standing, Stephany dan Prassl to address the various risk exposed by it onto society, there is little evidence society would not expose to its excesses. This writing is made as part of research in gig economy that argues the race to the bottom of gig economy has contributed to society. The findings include how exploitation, job insecurity, mental and health crisis are generated from informalisation of works in gig mode of economy. The most essential thing is how Islam offer the new mode of economy based on its fundamental views of social welfare and individual interest based on moral economy as a solution to the race of the bottom occurring in gig economy.

 
El papel de la gobernanza de la pesca en el logro de los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible: un estudio exploratorio desde las imágenes de los agentes de interés en la Región de Murcia
Authors: Aguado Simón Hernández , Sánchez María Eugenia , Segado Segado Ignacio
Published: January 2021

En septiembre de 2015, las Naciones Unidas aprobaron la Agenda 2030 para el Desarrollo Sostenible que incluye 17 objetivos (ODS) y 169 metas. Recientemente, ha surgido una línea de investigación orientada a demostrar la importancia de la gobernanza de la pesca a diversos niveles geográficos para el desarrollo social, económico y ambiental del planeta. En este trabajo se pretenden estudiar qué cambios son necesarios abordar respecto a la gobernanza de la pesca para cumplir los ODS. Para ello, es importante conocer cómo las imágenes que los agentes de interés tienen sobre la pesca influyen en su gobernanza. Éstas permiten describir los desafíos a los que se enfrenta, explicar por qué surgen ciertas decisiones de gobierno y conocer las motivaciones de las personas para actuar a favor de la sostenibilidad. Utilizando como caso de estudio la pesca en la Región de Murcia, este trabajo analiza las imágenes de varios grupos y su relación con los ODS. Los resultados muestran una amplia variedad de imágenes y áreas temáticas que interactúan con las 84 metas. Además, el documento analiza la utilidad de la gestión de las imágenes para implementar los ODS en la pesca del área de estudio y aporta tres implicaciones para mejorar su gobernanza.
Molecular characterization of the viral structural protein genes in the first outbreak of dengue virus type 2 in Hunan Province, inland China in 2018
Authors: Guan Jiaoqiong , He Zhanlong , Qin Meng , Deng Xialin , Chen Jun , Duan Suqin , Gao Xiaojun , Pan Yue , Chen Junying , Yang Yaping , Feng Shijun , sun Qiangming
Published: January 2021

Background: An unexpected dengue outbreak occurred in Hunan Province in 2018. This was the first dengue outbreak in this area of inland China, and 172 cases were reported.Methods: To verify the causative agent of this outbreak and characterise the viral genes, the genes encoding the structural proteins C/prM/E of viruses isolated from local residents were sequenced followed by mutation and phylogenetic analysis. Recombination, selection pressure, potential secondary structure and three-dimensional structure analyses were also performed. Results: Phylogenetic analysis revealed that all epidemic strains were of the cosmopolitan DENV-2 genotype and were most closely related to the Zhejiang strain (MH010629, 2017) and then the Malaysia strain (KJ806803, 2013). Compared with the sequence of DENV-2SS, 151 base substitutions were found in the sequences of 89 isolates; these substitutions resulted in 20 non-synonymous mutations, of which 17 mutations existed in all samples (two in the capsid protein, six in the prM/M proteins, and nine in the envelope proteins). Moreover, amino acid substitutions at the 602nd (E322:Q→H) and 670th (E390: N→S) amino acids may have enhanced the virulence of the epidemic strains. One new DNA binding site and five new protein binding sites were observed. Two polynucleotide binding sites and seven protein binding sites were lost in the epidemic strains compared with DENV-2SS. Meanwhile, five changes were found in helical regions. Minor changes were observed in helical transmembrane and disordered regions. The 429th amino acid of the E protein switched from a histamine (positively charged) to an asparagine (neutral) in all 89 isolated strains. No recombination events or positive selection pressure sites were observed. To our knowledge, this study is the first to analyse the genetic characteristics of epidemic strains in the first dengue outbreak in Hunan Province in inland China.Conclusions: The causative agent is likely to come from Zhejiang Province, a neighbouring province where dengue fever broke out in 2017. This study may help clarify the intrinsic geographical relatedness of DENV-2 and contribute to further research on pathogenicity and vaccine development.
Uncertainty Analysis of Hydrological Drought due to Record Length, Time Scale, and Probability Distribution Functions Using Monte-Carlo Simulation Method
Authors: Ghasemnezhad Faezeh , Bazrafshan Ommolbanin , Fazeli Mehdi , Parvinnia Mohammad , Singh Vijay
Published: January 2021

Standardized Runoff Index (SRI), as one of the well-known hydrological drought indices, may contain uncertainties caused by the employment of the distribution function, time scale, and record length of statistical data. In this study, the uncertainty in the SRI estimation of monthly discharge data of 30 and 49 year length from Minab dam watershed, south of Iran, was investigated. Four probability distribution functions (Gamma, Weibull, Lognormal, and Normal) were used to fit the cumulative discharge data at 3, 6. 9, 12, 24 and 48 month time scales, with their goodness-of-fit and normality evaluated by K-S and normality tests, respectively. Using Monte-Carlo sampling, 50,000 statistical data were generated for each event and each time scale, followed by 95% confidence interval. The width of the confidence interval was used as uncertainty and sources of uncertainty were investigated using miscellaneous factors. It was found that the maximum uncertainty was related to normal and lognormal distributions and the minimum uncertainty to gamma and Weibull distributions. Further, the increase in both time scale and record length led to the decrease in uncertainty.
Bioprinted 3D Outer Retina Barrier Uncovers RPE-dependent Choroidal Phenotype in Advanced Macular Degeneration
Authors: Bharti Kapil , Song Min Jae , Quinn Russell , Nguyen Eric , Park Tea Soon , Hampton Christopher , Sharma Ruchi , Koster Céline , Voss Ty , Tristan Carlos , Malley Claire , Singh Anju , Dejene Roba , Bose Devika , Derr Paige , Derr Kristy , Michael Sam , Barone Francesca , Maminishkis Arvydas , Singec Ilyas , Ferrer Marc
Published: January 2021

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD), a leading cause of blindness, initiates in the outer-blood-retina-barrier (oBRB) formed by Retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), Bruch’s membrane, and choriocapillaris. The mechanism of AMD initiation and progression remain poorly understood due to the lack of physiologically relevant oBRB models. We engineered a native-like 3D-oBRB tissue by bioprinting endothelial cells, pericytes, and fibroblasts on the basal side of a biodegradable scaffold and establishing an RPE monolayer on top. In this 3D-oBRB, a fully-polarized RPE monolayer with apical processes and basal infoldings provides barrier resistance, induces fenestration and choroid-specific gene expression in the choriocapillaris, and supports the formation of a Bruch’s-like membrane that allows tissue integration in rat eyes. Complement activation in the 3D-oBRB triggers dry-AMD phenotypes (including subRPE drusen and choriocapillaris degeneration), and hypoxia activated HIF-α induces wet-AMD phenotypes (choriocapillaris neovascularization). Anti-VEGF drug treatment suppresses neovascularization - validating this model for clinical translation and drug discovery.
Association Between Tumor Mutation Burden and Prognosis in Lower-Grade Glioma: An Exploratory Study 
Authors: Cao Di , Wang Jun , Lin Yan , Li Guangwei
Published: January 2021

Background: The therapeutic efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy is highly influenced by tumor mutation burden (TMB). The relationship between TMB and prognosis in lower-grade glioma is still unclear. We aimed to explore the relationships and mechanisms between them in lower-grade glioma.Methods: We leveraged somatic mutation data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Clinical cases were divided into high- and low-TMB groups based on the median of TMB. Infiltrating immune cells were analyzed using CIBERSORT and differential expression analysis between the prognostic groups performed. The key genes were identified as intersecting between immune-related genes. Cox regression and survival analysis were performed on the intersecting genes. A total of 7 hub genes were identified. The effect of somatic copy number alterations (SCNA) of the hub genes on immune cell infiltration was analyzed using TIMER, which was used to determine the risk factors and immune infiltration status in LGG. Subsequently, based on hub genes, a TMB Prognosis Index (TMBPI) model was constructed to predict the risk in LGG patients. Besides, this model was validated using data from TCGA and Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas (CGGA).Results: High-TMB favored worse prognosis (P＜0.001) and macrophage infiltration was an independent risk factor (P＜0.001). In the high-TMB group (P=0.033, P=0.009), the proportion of macrophages M0 and M2 increased and monocytes decreased (P=0.006). Besides, the SCNA of the hub genes affected the level of immune cell infiltration by varying degrees among which IGF2BP3, NPNT, and PLA2G2A had a significant impact. The AUC of the ROC curve at 1-, 3- and 5-years were all above 0.74.Conclusions: This study implies that high-TMB correlated with unfavorable prognosis in lower-grade glioma. And high-TMB may have an impact on prognosis by changing tumor microenvironment, caused by the SCNAs of genes. The TMBPI model accurately predicted prognosis in LGG patients.