bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Determination of load transfer characteristics to connections between cold-formed steel truss and supporting system
Authors: Choong Kok Keong , De’nan Fatimah , Chew Seen Hooi , Hashim Nor Salwani
Published: August 2022

Purpose

Recently, the utilization of cold-formed steel (CFS) roof truss systems and different types of other combination structural support systems, such as concrete or hot-rolled steel support, becomes more frequently used. This paper aims to identify the load transfer characteristics of three different design details for cold-formed truss to supporting system connections and to propose simplified modelling approach for practices.

Design/methodology/approach

Simplification modelling of connection design could be proposed for practical purpose based on the load transfer characteristics obtained from detailed study using finite element method. A cold-formed roof truss system with connection is modelled using line elements. However, the supporting system is not modelled in this work. Three types of connection involve, which are five pieces of CFS L-angle brackets, one-piece of CFS L-angle brackets and three types of bolts connection are modelled.

Findings

The results of analysis show that the connections located on the loaded side experienced higher reactions than those far from loaded side. From the result, it is also found that the option of “Fixed But” support condition in STAAD.Pro with translational degree of freedom being restrained is the most suitable way to represent the CFS L-angle brackets design for Type 1 connection for use in truss modelled using line elements.

Originality/value

Such increase in usage necessitates an appropriate connection detailing depending on the behaviour of the connection.
A systematic review of qualitative research on substance use among refugees
Authors: Saleh Ebtesam A. , Lazaridou Felicia Boma , Klapprott Felix , Wazaify Mayyada , Heinz Andreas , Kluge Ulrike
Published: August 2022

Aims

To evaluate qualitative research on substance use and substance use disorders (SUDs) among refugees in terms of practitioners' and substance users' attitudes, beliefs and experiences.

Methods

Six medical, allied health and social sciences databases (EBSCO, PubMed, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, Scholar and the Cochrane Library) were systematically searched in a time frame between January and April 2021 to identify original peer‐reviewed articles describing qualitative findings related to substance use among refugees (alcohol, illicit drugs, tobacco and prescription drugs). Study selection, critical appraisal and detailed extraction were performed via the Joanna Briggs Institute Database of Systematic Reviews and Implementation Reports according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses Extension for Systematic Reviews (PRISMA) (2018). Three independent reviewers selected the relevant abstracts and articles. Synthesis of the evidence identified prominent themes relating to the context and consequences of substance use.

Results

Twenty‐six studies were included in this review. Twenty‐three studies applied qualitative methods and three applied mixed methods. Synthesis of the evidence from the included studies resulted in four main findings: there is a considerable susceptibility of refugees to substance use and SUDs; the harmful consequences of substance use are complicated by the social insecurities of refugees; there are rather high barriers to treatment and health facilities for refugees in many host countries; and there is a strong need to improve effective access to treatment, interventions and prevention approaches.

Conclusions

Refugees are at high risk for substance use and substance use disorders and often face high barriers to treatment and interventions in host countries.
The European Academy of Andrology (EAA) ultrasound study on healthy, fertile men: An overview on male genital tract ultrasound reference ranges
Authors: Lotti Francesco , Frizza Francesca , Balercia Giancarlo , Barbonetti Arcangelo , Behre Hermann M. , Calogero Aldo E. , Cremers Jann‐Frederik , Francavilla Felice , Isidori Andrea M. , Kliesch Sabine , La Vignera Sandro , Lenzi Andrea , Marcou Marios , Pilatz Adrian , Poolamets Olev , Punab Margus , Godoy Maria Fernanda Peraza , Quintian Claudia , Rajmil Osvaldo , Salvio Gianmaria , Shaeer Osama , Weidner Wolfgang , Maseroli Elisa , Cipriani Sarah , Baldi Elisabetta , Degl'Innocenti Selene , Danza Giovanna , Caldini Anna Lucia , Terreni Alessandro , Boni Luca , Krausz Csilla , Maggi Mario
Published: August 2022

Background

So far, male genital tract color‐Doppler ultrasound (MGT‐CDUS) was not standardized. Recently, the European Academy of Andrology (EAA) published the results of a multicenter study assessing the CDUS characteristics of healthy‐fertile men (HFM) to obtain normative parameters.

Objectives

To report the EAA US study (i) standard operating procedures (SOPs) for assessing MGT‐CDUS, (ii) main MGT‐CDUS normative parameters, and (iii) compare the EAA and previously published “normal” CDUS values.

Methods

A cohort of 248 HFM (35.3 ± 5.9 years) was studied, evaluating MGT‐CDUS before and after ejaculation following SOPs.

Results

SOPs for MGT‐CDUS assessment are summarized here. All subjects underwent scrotal CDUS and 188 men underwent transrectal ultrasound before and after ejaculation. The main CDUS reference ranges and characteristics of the HFM‐MGT are reported here. The mean testicular volume was ∼17 mL. The lower limit for right and left testis was 12 and 11 mL, defining testicular hypotrophy. The upper limit for epididymal head, body, tail, and vas deferens was 11.5, 5, 6, and 4.5 mm, respectively. Testicular and epididymal arterial reference ranges are reported. The EAA varicocoele classification is reported. CDUS‐varicocoele was detected in ∼37% of men. Prostate mean volume was ∼25 mL, while lower and upper limits were 15 and 35 mL, defining hypotrophy and enlargement, respectively. Prostate arterial reference ranges are reported. Prostate calcifications and inhomogeneity were frequent; midline prostatic cysts were rare and small. Ejaculatory duct abnormalities were absent. The upper limit for periprostatic venous plexus was 4.5 mm. Lower and upper limits of seminal vesicles (SV) anterior–posterior diameter were 6 and 16 mm, defining hypotrophy or dilation, respectively. Seminal vesicle volume and ejection fraction reference ranges are reported. SV‐US abnormalities were rare. Deferential ampullas upper limit was 6 mm. A discussion on the EAA and previously published “normal” CDUS values is reported here.

Conclusions

The EAA findings will help in reproductive and general male health management.
Pilot study of fluorescence imitating brightfield imaging for rapid, slide‐free dermatopathology
Authors: Engel Tess N. , Abraham Tanishq Mathew , Morningstar Taryn , Fung Maxwell A. , Rangchi Arshia , Kiuru Maija , Fereidouni Farzad , Levenson Richard
Published: August 2022

Background

Fluorescence imitating brightfield imaging (FIBI) is a novel alternative microscopy method that can image freshly excised, non‐sectioned tissue. We examine its potential utility in dermatopathology by examining readily available specimens embedded in paraffin blocks.

Methods

Nine skin samples embedded in paraffin blocks were superficially deparaffinized using xylene and ethanol and stained with H&E. FIBI captured tissue surface histopathology images using simple microscope optics and a color camera. We then applied deep‐learning‐based models to improve resemblance to standard H&E coloration and contrast. FIBI images were compared with corresponding standard H&E slides and concordance was assessed by two dermatopathologists who numerically scored epidermal and dermal structure appearance and overall diagnostic utility.

Results

Dermatopathologist scores indicate that FIBI images are at least equivalent to standard H&E slides for visualizing structures such as epidermal layers, sweat glands, and nerves.

Conclusion

Images acquired with FIBI are comparable to traditional H&E‐stained slides, suggesting that this rapid, inexpensive, and non‐destructive microscopy technique is a conceivable alternative to standard histopathology processes especially for time‐sensitive procedures and in settings with limited histopathology resources.
1035. SALIX HOOKERIANA: Salicaceae
Authors: Belyaeva Irina , King Christabel
Published: August 2022

Salix hookeriana Barratt ex Hook., Hooker's Willow or Yakutat Willow, is illustrated. Its biological characteristics, history in cultivation and distribution are discussed. Infraspecific taxa are compared, and their distinctions noted.
Tirzepatide for the treatment of adults with type 2 diabetes: An endocrine perspective
Authors: De Block Christophe , Bailey Clifford , Wysham Carol , Hemmingway Andrea , Allen Sheryl Elaine , Peleshok Jennifer
Published: August 2022

Tirzepatide is a novel glucose‐dependent insulinotropic polypeptide/glucagon‐like peptide 1 (GLP‐1) receptor agonist approved in the United States as an adjunct to diet and exercise to improve glycaemic control in adults with type 2 diabetes and under investigation for use in chronic weight management, major adverse cardiovascular events and the management of other conditions, including heart failure with preserved ejection fraction and obesity and non‐cirrhotic non‐alcoholic steatohepatitis. The Phase 3 SURPASS 1‐5 clinical trial programme was designed to assess efficacy and safety of once‐weekly subcutaneously injected tirzepatide (5, 10 and 15 mg), as monotherapy or combination therapy, across a broad spectrum of people with type 2 diabetes. Use of tirzepatide in clinical studies was associated with marked reductions of glycated haemoglobin (−1.87 to −2.59%, −20 to −28 mmol/mol) and body weight (−6.2 to −12.9 kg), as well as reductions in parameters commonly associated with heightened cardiometabolic risk such as blood pressure, visceral adiposity and circulating triglycerides. In SUPRASS‐2, these reductions were greater than with the GLP‐1 receptor agonist semaglutide 1 mg. Tirzepatide was well tolerated, with a low risk of hypoglycaemia when used without insulin or insulin secretagogues and showed a generally similar safety profile to the GLP‐1 receptor agonist class. Accordingly, evidence from these clinical trials suggests that tirzepatide offers a new opportunity for the effective lowering of glycated haemoglobin and body weight in adults with type 2 diabetes.
Discovery of unexpected paternity after direct‐to‐consumer DNA testing and its impact on identity
Authors: Grethel Michele , Lewis Jennifer , Freeman Rob , Stone Courtney
Published: August 2022

Objective

In this study, we describe the experiences of individuals who received direct‐to‐consumer DNA test results indicating unexpected parentage.

Background

The availability of recreational DNA testing has left individuals navigating unexpected results with limited resources. Little is known about the emotional impact of learning about unexpected paternity.

Methods

This qualitative study used inductive thematic analysis of in‐depth interviews with adults (n = 27; age 40–70 years) who received direct‐to‐consumer DNA test results revealing unexpected biological paternity.

Results

Identity transformation occurred while integrating DNA results. Themes included (a) initial discovery marked by shock, fear, crisis, and loss of genetic relatedness; (b) identity exploration encompassing anxiety, emotional challenges, determination to conduct genealogical research, and confronting family; (c) identity reconstruction due to new familial connections and reconciliation of personal and familial history; and (d) synthesis of and shift in worldview, impacting trust in kinship.

Conclusion

Identity transformation after unexpected DNA results is often accompanied by intense change in personal and community identity and a shift in identity related to race, ethnicity, religion, family status, belonging, or other facets of one's self. Temporal trauma, grief, and loss are common outcomes. Isolation, shame, and a lack of emotional support are prevalent.

Implications

This research elucidates emotional processes related to learning unexpected DNA results.
Effect of iron redox ratio on the structures of boroaluminosilicate glasses
Authors: Tuheen Manzila I. , Sun Wei , Du Jincheng
Published: August 2022

Iron oxide is commonly found in natural or industrial glass compositions and can exist as ferrous (Fe2+) or ferric (Fe3+) species, with their ratios depending on glass composition, temperature, pressure and the redox reactions during the glass forming process. The iron redox ratio plays an important role on silicate glass structures and consequently various properties. This work aims to study the effect of iron oxide, and particularly the iron redox ratio, on the structures of borosilicate and boroaluminosilicate glasses using molecular dynamics simulations with newly developed iron potential parameters that are compatible with the borosilicate potentials. The results provide detailed cation coordination states of both iron species and the effect of redox ratio on boron coordination and other structural features. Particularly, competition for charge compensating modifier cations (such as Na+) among the fourfold‐coordinated cations such as B3+, Al3+, and Fe3+ is investigated by calculating the cation–cation pair distribution functions and coordination preferential ratios. The results show that the trivalent ferric ions, with a shorter Fe–O bond distance and better defined first coordiation shell with mainly four‐fold coordination, act as a glass former whereas the divalent ferrous ions mainly play the role of glass modifier. The ferrous/ferric ratio (Fe2+/Fe3+) was found to affect the glass chemistry and hence glass properties by regulating the amount of four‐coordinated boron, the fraction of non‐briding oxygen and other features. The results are compared with available experimental data to gain insights of the complex structures and charge compensation schemes of the glass system.
Awe, curiosity, and multicultural experience
Authors: Zhang Jia Wei , Howell Ryan T. , Januchowski Joseph A. , Ramis Tamilselvan , Mello Zena , Monroy Maria
Published: August 2022

Introduction

Despite broad consensus about multicultural experience's benefits, there is a lack of research on the antecedents to multicultural experiences. Research has indicated that awe shifts attention away from the self toward larger entities, which could include elements of other cultures.

Methods

Four studies (N = 2915) tested whether trait, daily, and induced awe promoted multicultural experience.

Results

Studies 1–2 (adolescents, young, middle, and older adults) showed that trait awe predicted greater multicultural identity and experience independent of other positive emotions and openness. Study 3 (students & adults in U.S. & Malaysia) demonstrated that daily awe predicted more daily multicultural experience independent of yesterday's multicultural experience. These results were explained by trait and daily curiosity. Study 4 (adults) found that induction of awe increased state multicultural identity and experience via state curious emotions and then state curious personality.

Conclusion

We found that experiencing more awe can be a tool for enhancing the multicultural experience. The discussion focuses on the implications for future research on awe and multicultural experiences.
Inhibition of osteoclastogenesis by interleukin‐33 administration in the periodontal ligament under mechanical loading
Authors: Dong Xiaomeng , Feng Jie , Li Bin , Bai Ding , Xu Hui
Published: August 2022

Background and objectives

The molecular mechanisms mediating external root resorption are poorly understood. Interleukin‐33 (IL‐33) expression increased remarkably in the periodontal ligament (PDL) under orthodontic loading. The IL‐33‐driven responses are delicately cell type‐ and tissue context‐dependent. It is unknown how IL‐33 act on osteoclastogenesis in the context of root surface. This study aimed to investigate the effect of IL‐33 on osteoclastogenesis in the PDL under mechanical loading.

Materials and Methods

C57BL/6J mice were treated with injections of phosphate buffer saline (PBS) or recombinant mouse IL‐33 (rmIL‐33, 6 μl, 30 μg/ml), and subjected to models of orthodontic tooth movement. Tartrated resistant acid phosphates (TRAP)‐positive cells and IL‐33 expressions were examined in the PDL. IL‐33 release from human PDL cells (hPDLCs) was detected by ELISA. Cementoblast‐like (OCCM‐30) cells were cultured in the presence of rmIL‐33 to examine the release of osteoclast‐regulatory proteins. The effects of rmIL‐33 on osteoclastogenesis were examined in vitro in cultures of bone marrow macrophages (BMMs) and in BMMs‐OCCM‐30 cocultures. Expressions of osteoclast‐specific or ‐related genes and proteins were investigated in BMMs‐OCCM‐30 cocultures treated with or without rmIL‐33, in the presence or absence of granulocyte‐macrophage colony‐stimulating factor (GM‐CSF) neutralizing antibody.

Results

Interleukin‐33 expressions were upregulated in the PDL under orthodontic loading. Static compressive force enhanced expression and release of IL‐33 from hPDLCs. Administration of rmIL‐33 resulted in reduced number of TRAP‐positive cells in the PDL, and inhibited osteoclast differentiation from BMMs in vitro. OCCM‐30 cells had varied osteoprotegerin (OPG) / receptor activator for nuclear factor‐κB ligand (RANKL) secretion and increased release of GM‐CSF under rmIL‐33 stimulation. Treatment with rmIL‐33 in BMMs‐OCCM‐30 cocultures resulted in inhibited differentiation and decreased activity of osteoclasts, and these effects were partially reversed by GM‐CSF neutralizing antibody.

Conclusions

Interleukin‐33 inhibits osteoclastogenesis in the PDL under orthodontic loading. The anti‐osteoclastogenic effects were mediated partly by directly affecting osteoclast precursors and partly by cementoblast‐mediated release of GM‐CSF.
Review on Molecularly Imprinted Polymer (MIP) for Electrochemical Sensor Development
Authors: Rosslan Anis Suzziani , Md Shakhih Muhammad Faiz , Mustafa Amirrudin Farah Nabila , Abdul Wahab Asnida , Abdullah Faizuan , Ramlee Muhammad Hanif
Published: August 2022

Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) technology has been studied extensively for multiple applications including analyte detection and chemical separation in the field of medical, pharmaceutical, food safety, and environment. Electrochemical sensors were benefitted from MIPs technology due to their chemical and physical robustness, high sensitivity, selectivity and stability, simple fabrication process, and low-cost of production. The incorporation of MIPs has allowed the development of sensors without biological elements. However, the optimization of the imprinted products requires optimal synergistic effect of multiple factors including materials selection and synthesis techniques. This optimization will form specific recognition cavities for template molecules in the polymeric matrix. This manuscript presents a summary of various MIPs synthesis techniques and performance analysis based on recent studies. The challenges faced in MIPs technology were also discussed to help future researchers in improving technology and boosting commercialization potential against the conventional electrochemical sensor.
Optimization of Composite Cylindrical Shell Structures for Hydrostatic Pressure Loading
Authors: Matos Helio , Chaudhary Birendra , Ngwa Akongnwi Nfor
Published: August 2022

Deep-sea structures will collapse/implode under hydrostatic pressure when the structure dives below an instability threshold, leading to catastrophic failure. To better understand how the layup angle of composite cylindrical shells influences this instability threshold, this work explores how composite cylinders can achieve the highest (optimum) critical collapse pressure under hydrostatic loading conditions. To perform this analysis, a closed-form analytical cylinder buckling solution developed by previous work is used in conjunction with different cylindrical geometrical configurations and composite properties for glass, carbon, and intraply hybrid composite properties for woven and unidirectional structures. The results show that a composite structure's optimum layup configuration is unique to the structure's geometry and material system. However, general trends are observed for these different systems, such as how symmetric and asymmetric constructions place the axial-resistant layers near the neutral plane of the composite system. In addition, both constructions need an increase in shear-resistance layers as the L/D ratio decreases regardless of the material system. Lastly, the analytical approach presented in this work can be used to accurately determine the optimum layup angle for thin composite cylindrical structures that are subjected to external hydrostatic pressure.
Size-dependent activation of CAR-T cells
Authors: Xiao Qian , Zhang Xinyan , Tu Liqun , Cao Jian , Hinrichs Christian S. , Su Xiaolei
Published: August 2022

As the targets of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)–T cells expand to a variety of cancers, autoimmune diseases, viral infections, and fibrosis, there is an increasing demand for identifying new antigens and designing new CARs that can be effectively activated. However, the rational selection of antigens and the design of CARs are limited by a lack of knowledge regarding the molecular mechanism by which CARs are activated by antigens. Here, we present data supporting a “size exclusion” model explaining how antigen signals are transmitted across the plasma membrane to activate the intracellular domains of CARs. In this model, antigen engagement with CAR results in a narrow intermembrane space that physically excludes CD45, a bulky phosphatase, out of the CAR zone, thus favoring CAR phosphorylation by kinases, which further triggers downstream pathways leading to T cell activation. Aligned with this model, increasing the size of CAR extracellular domains diminished CAR-T activation both in vitro and in a mouse lymphoma model; membrane-proximal epitopes activated CAR-Ts better than membrane-distal epitopes. Moreover, increasing the size of CD45 by antibody conjugation enhanced the activation of CARs that recognize membrane-distal epitopes. Consistently, CAR-Ts expressing CD45RABC, the larger isoform, were activated to a higher level than those expressing a smaller isoform CD45RO. Together, our work revealed that CAR-T activation depends on the size difference between the CAR-antigen pair and CD45; the size of CAR, antigen, and CD45 can thus be targets for tuning CAR-T activation.
The Software System LingvoDoc and the Possibilities It Offers for Documentation and Analysis of Ob-Ugric Languages
Authors: Normanskaja Yu. V. , Borisenko O. D. , Beloborodov I. B. , Avetisyan A. I.
Published: August 2022

Abstract—

The LingvoDoc system (http://lingvodoc.ispras.ru) provides a service for collaborative language documentation and computations on the collected data. This software system provides GraphQL HTTP API for all the system components and allows its users to build their own extensions for data analysis or even to integrate it with their own software. Thanks to a special database and application design pattern, it is possible to construct offline applications integrated with the LingvoDoc system: these applications would need to have an internet connection only once to synchronize basic data types and for authentification purposes. The system itself allows users to construct multilayer dictionaries, attach them to the geographical map, fill documents with metadata, share access to dictionaries with other users or with everyone. The LingvoDoc system provides fine-grained access control lists for sharing, which allows to separate users into groups of dictionary editors, proofreaders and read-only users. The system also provides some computational algorithms on the stored data: phonology computations, automatic and guided deduplication inside the dictionaries etc. The system allows users to choose the dictionary structure. The system supports the following data types: text, images, sounds (wav, mp3, and flac), markups (ELAN and Praat formats), directed and undirected links between stored entities. A user can choose the most suitable format for their dictionary. Also, the system provides ELAN corpora storage, viewer and processing. In LingvoDoc there are 13 programs made for authors of the dictionary (only 4 of them are available for all users of the system). These programs analyze language data from phonetical, morphological and etymological point of view. This analysis previously was performed manually by linguists. Our programs allows do it tens and sometimes hundreds times faster. This paper presents the documentation and an analysis of Ob-Ugric languages using the LingvoDoc system.
A short course of antibiotics is effective for treating pneumonia in children
Authors: Saul Helen , Gursul Deniz , Cassidy Samantha , Bielicki Julia
Published: August 2022

The study

Barratt S, Bielicki JA, Dunn D, et al. Amoxicillin duration and dose for community-acquired pneumonia in children: the CAP-IT factorial non-inferiority RCT.
Health Technol Assess
2021;25:60.

To read the full NIHR Alert, go to:
https://evidence.nihr.ac.uk/alert/short-course-antibiotics-effective-in-childhood-pneumonia/
A Sorting Fuzzy Min-Max Model in an Embedded System for Atrial Fibrillation Detection
Authors: Huang Wei , Zhang Yuze , Wan Shaohua
Published: August 2022

Atrial fibrillation detection (AFD) has attracted much attention in the field of embedded systems. In this study, we propose a sorting fuzzy min-max (SFMM) model, and then develop an SFMM-based embedded system for AF detection. The proposed SFMM model is essentially enhanced the fuzzy min-max (FMM) model that have been successfully applied in many classification fields. In comparison with the typical FMM model, the proposed SFMM model can overcome the limitation of the input order problem encountered in the typical FMM model. The embedded system consists of a control chip and an analog-digital conversion (ADC) chip. The STM32F407 chip is used as the control chip and the ADS1292 chip, which has a high common-mode rejection ratio (CMRR), is used as the ADC chip. A series of machine learning benchmarks are included to evaluate the performance of the SFMM model. Experimental results on AF data further demonstrate the effectiveness of the SFMM-based embedded system.
Proteogenomics reveals sex-biased aging genes and coordinated splicing in cardiac aging
Authors: Han Yu , Wennersten Sara A. , Wright Julianna M. , Ludwig R. W. , Lau Edward , Lam Maggie P. Y.
Published: August 2022

Han et al. used proteogenomics to compare male and female mouse hearts at 4 and 20 mo. Sex-biased cardiac genes function in mitochondrial metabolism, translation, autophagy, and other processes. Hundreds of cardiac genes show sex-by-age interactions, that is, sex-biased aging genes. Cardiac aging is accompanied with a remodeling of exon usage in functionally coordinated genes, concomitant with differential expression of RNA-binding proteins and splice factors. These features represent an underinvestigated aspect of cardiac aging that may be relevant to the search for disease mechanisms.
Skin pigmentation is negatively associated with circulating vitamin D concentration and cutaneous microvascular endothelial function
Authors: Wolf S. Tony , Dillon Gabrielle A. , Alexander Lacy M. , Jablonski Nina G. , Kenney W. Larry
Published: August 2022

Endothelial dysfunction, an antecedent to hypertension and overt CVD, is commonly observed in otherwise healthy Black adults, although the underlying causes remain unclear. We show that reduced vitamin D availability with increasing degrees of skin pigmentation is associated with reduced microvascular endothelial function, independent of race or ethnicity, in healthy young adults. Greater prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in more darkly pigmented individuals may predispose them to increased risk of endothelial dysfunction.
Design and Analysis of a 5G Wideband Antenna for Wireless Body-Centric Network
Authors: Khan Mohammad Monirujjaman , Rahman H. M. Arifur , Shovon Md. Nakib Alam , Alhakami Wajdi , Hadjouni Myriam , Elmannai Hela , Bourouis Sami
Published: August 2022

A compact 5G wideband antenna for body-centric network (BCN) operating on Ka band has been presented in this paper. The design of the antenna consists of a very simple key-shaped radiator patch with a vertical slot for better impedance matching. The antenna was designed and simulated with the help of the Computer Simulation Technology (CST) Microwave Studio Suite, a well-liked and dependable electromagnetic simulation program running on Microsoft Windows. Free-space simulation produces a resonant frequency at 28 GHz, which falls under the Ka band and 5G’s n257, more precisely n261. The proposed antenna has a size of

1.24
λ
×
0.6
λ
×
0.153
λ

and has a wider impedance bandwidth of more than 20 GHz. The antenna’s gain and radiation efficiency are 3.87 dBi and 70%, respectively, at the resonant point. Further parametric studies reveal that the antenna can be activated in the V-band by increasing the feedline width. The antenna is proposed for the application of BCN. Therefore, a three-dimensional human torso phantom was developed virtually to test on-body performance. The on-body findings of this antenna were resimulated by positioning the antenna in close proximity to the three-layer human body model, where 22.5 dB of on-body reflection coefficient was recorded at 28 GHz. Simulated on-body gain and efficiency were 4.56 dBi and 61.33 percent, respectively. A distance-based investigation was conducted to investigate the impacts of the human body’s presence by positioning the antenna at five different distances from the human torso model. The findings were compared to assess how distance affects its behaviors. The antenna’s gap was kept at 6 mm for the optimum results, which included 4.83 dBi of gain with a 66 percent efficiency and a recorded RL value of about 23 dB. The on-body simulations produced very consistent results with a slight deviation after 26.5 GHz, even though the distance was varied.
An Improved EfficientNetV2 Model Based on Visual Attention Mechanism: Application to Identification of Cassava Disease
Authors: Ye Yuanbo , Zhou Houkui , Yu Huimin , Hu Haoji , Zhang Guangqun , Hu Junguo , He Tao
Published: August 2022

With the characteristic of high recognition rate and strong network robustness, convolutional neural network has now become the most mainstream method in the field of crop disease recognition. Aiming at the problems with insufficient numbers of labeled samples, complex backgrounds of sample images, and difficult extraction of useful feature information, a novel algorithm is proposed in this study based on attention mechanisms and convolutional neural networks for cassava leaf recognition. Specifically, a combined data augmentation strategy for datasets is used to prevent single distribution of image datasets, and then the PDRNet (plant disease recognition network) combining channel attention mechanism and spatial attention mechanism is proposed. The algorithm is designed as follows. Firstly, an attention module embedded in the network layer is deployed to establish remote dependence on each feature layer, strengthen the key feature information, and suppress the interference feature information, such as background noise. Secondly, a stochastic depth learning strategy is formulated to accelerate the training and inference of the network. And finally, a transfer learning method is adopted to load the pretrained weights into the model proposed in this study, with the recognition accuracy of the model enhanced by means of detailed parameter adjustments and dynamic changes in the learning rate. A large number of comparative experiments demonstrate that the proposed algorithm can deliver a recognition accuracy of 99.56% on the cassava disease image dataset, reaching the state-of-the-art level among CNN-based methods in terms of accuracy.
Retroperitoneal Hydropic Leiomyoma Mimicking an Ovarian Cyst
Authors: Lai Pei-Hsuan , Ding Dah-Ching
Published: August 2022

Leiomyoma is the most common benign neoplasm of the reproductive organs in women. Retroperitoneal hydropic leiomyoma is rare type of myoma. Herein, we present the case of a 46-year-old (gravida 0) woman with retroperitoneal hydropic leiomyoma that was preoperatively diagnosed as an ovarian cyst. Transvaginal sonography and abdominal computed tomography revealed a mass, measuring

8.1
×
3.8
 
cm

, with solid and cystic components in the right pelvic cavity. The patient underwent laparoendoscopic single-site surgery for the tumor excision. During the surgery, a retroperitoneal cystic tumor was resected from the right retroperitoneal cavity. Histopathologic and microscopic examinations revealed a hydropic leiomyoma with infarction. This case is impressive because of the rare location and hydropic degeneration of the leiomyoma. Furthermore, it mimicked an ovarian cyst at its initial presentation making accurate diagnosis difficult. By warning of this case, surgeons can recognize the disease entities and provide the necessary treatment.
Seepage Characterization Based on Sandstone Particle Motion Pattern: A Case Study of the TIII Reservoir in the Sangtamu Oilfield
Authors: Duanchuan Lyu , Rujun Wang , Xixin Wang , Chao Wang , Zhengjun Zhu , Kaiyu Wang , Hong Lou , Xiaoming Wang , Jinpeng Song
Published: August 2022

In order to finely characterize the physical properties and seepage characteristics of underwater distributary channel sand bodies in a braided river delta, the particle size distribution, mercury injection, and withdrawal of low, medium, high, and extra-high permeability core samples from the TIII reservoir from 15 core wells in the Sangtamu Oilfield were compared. The pore-throat characteristics of the rocks with different deposition modes and their effects on the fluid seepage were analyzed from the perspective of the deposition processes. The statistical results revealed that the rocks formed in a continuous and stable strong hydrodynamic environment were coarse grained. The seepage capacities of the rock increased as the maximum throat radius connecting with the pores increased. The mercury withdrawal efficiency decreased as the difference between the throat radius and pore radius increased. The percentage of the throat volume without effective seepage to the total volume of the pore-throat system increased as the permeability of the samples increased. Therefore, when characterizing reservoirs based on the porosity and permeability, it is important to differentiate the energy of the hydrodynamic depositional environment of a monogenic sand body in order to improve the accuracy of the understanding of the reservoirs.
Research on Recognition of Quiet Period of Sandstone Acoustic Emission Based on Four Machine Learning Algorithms
Authors: Duan Dong , Feng Xiaojing , Zhang Ruizhe , Chen Xiaoyu , Zhang Hongzhi
Published: August 2022

Aiming at solving the problem that it is difficult to recognize the quiet period of acoustic emission in rocks, four machine learning algorithms were adopted to develop and improve the recognition method of the quiet period of acoustic emission. In the process of establishing the model, the time domain data of acoustic emission were standardized and processed by box diagram method, so as to clean the abnormal data and reduce the dimension, and the frequency domain data were denoised by wavelet four-layer transform and wavelet packet three-layer energy decomposition, and a group of 8 wavelet packet energy parameters were established as frequency domain characteristic parameters. Based on AE time domain data, frequency domain data, and composite data (time-frequency domain data sets), the grid search traversal parameter technique was used to obtain the optimal parameters of four machine learning models. The accuracy, precision, recall, and

F
1

score were used to verify and evaluate the recognition performance of the models. The study results show that the recognition effects of the models are good, the model accuracy of the frequency domain data set is the lowest, and the model accuracy of the composite data set is the highest, with an accuracy of more than 90%. The kernel support vector machine model has the best performance, and its average precision is 0.87. The random forest (RF) model is the best model for recognizing quiet period of acoustic emission.
[Retracted] Relationship between Acute Respiratory Tract Infection and the Serum 25(OH) D3 Level in Chronic Kidney Disease Patients and Its Prevention and Treatment
Authors: Cai De-Han , Wang Jun , Zhong Aimin , Fang Xiao-Lin
Published: August 2022

Observational studies and randomized controlled studies propose that vitamin D plays a significant role in preventing acute respiratory tract infection (RTI); however, results are inconsistent and the optimal serum 25‐hydroxyvitamin D (25‐OH‐D3) concentration remains unknown. This study explores the risk factors associated with acute RTI in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and analyzes its correlation with serum 25‐OH‐D3 levels, to provide appropriate preventive treatment measures for CKD patients complicated with acute RTI. Seventy cases of CKD patients treated in the department of nephrology of Jiangxi Provincial People’s Hospital are recruited as the research objects and divided into a control group (CKD without RTI) and an observation group (CKD with RTI), with 35 cases in each group. The laboratory indexes and serum 25‐OH‐D3 levels are compared between the two groups. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) of 25‐OH‐D3 in the diagnosis of CKD patients complicated with RTI is 0.892, and the standard error is 0.038. The glomerular filtration rates (GFR) are 48.32 ± 9.87 mL/min and 50.18 ± 20.71 mL/min in the control group and the experimental group, respectively, with no statistical significance between the two groups (P > 0.05). The serum 25‐OH‐D3 content in the control group (35.08 ± 6.2 nmol/L) is dramatically higher than that in the observation group (20.71 ± 5.87 nmol/L) (P < 0.05). The proportion of patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) in the control group and observation group is 25.71% and 68.57%, respectively, with a considerable difference (P < 0.05). In the control group and the experimental group, the proportion of patients with oral vitamin D receptor agonists is 54.29% and 11.43%, respectively, and the difference is significant (P < 0.05). Results show that the serum 25‐OH‐D3 level is highly correlated with the occurrence of RTI in CKD patients. In addition, it is related to patients’ age, DM, and vitamin D receptor agonists.
Machine Learning-Based Intelligent Scoring of College English Teaching in the Field of Natural Language Processing
Authors: Wang Wei
Published: August 2022

The current education evaluation is limited not only to the mode of simplification, indexing, and datafication, but also to the scientific nature of college teaching evaluation. This work firstly conducts a theoretical analysis of natural language processing technology, analyzes the related technologies of intelligent scoring, designs a systematic process for intelligent scoring of college English teaching, and finally conducts theoretical research on the Naive Bayesian algorithm in machine learning. In addition, the error of intelligent scoring of English teaching in colleges and universities and the accuracy of scoring and classification are analyzed and researched. The results show that the error between manual scoring and machine scoring is basically about 2 points and the minimum error of intelligent scoring in college English teaching under machine scoring can reach 0 points. There is a certain bias in manual scoring, and scoring on the machine can reduce the generation of this error. The Naive Bayes algorithm has the highest classification accuracy on the college intelligent scoring dataset, which is 76.43%. The weighted Naive Bayes algorithm has been improved in the classification accuracy of college English teaching intelligent scoring, with an average accuracy rate of 74.87%. To sum up, the weighted Naive Bayes algorithm has better performance in the classification accuracy of college English intelligent scoring. This work has a significant effect on the scoring of the college intelligent teaching scoring system under natural language processing and the classification of college teaching intelligence scoring under the Naive Bayes algorithm, which can improve the efficiency of college teaching scoring.
Users’ Perceptions of Technological Features in Augmented Reality (AR) and Virtual Reality (VR) in Fashion Retailing: A Qualitative Content Analysis
Authors: Wu Yi Fang , Kim Eun Young
Published: August 2022

This study explores users’ perceptions of technological features in augmented reality (AR) and virtual reality (VR) and analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of technologies (e.g., AR vs. VR) in fashion retailing. The findings are presented from a qualitative approach and content analysis of focus group interviews. Users’ perception of AR technological features consisted of 5 dimensions: augmentation, user control, vividness, responsiveness, and simplicity. Users’ perception of VR technological features consisted of 4 dimensions: telepresence, simulator sickness, visual discomfort, and user control. Practical implications for the application of mixed reality technology in fashion venues are discussed: for AR technology as a part of shopping tools, the advantages of control and simplicity should be taken seriously; for VR, an immersive experience as the main pros facilitated by telepresence, while sickness, followed by visual discomfort as the main simulator cons. This research offers valuable and useful insights into AR and VR as antecedents from the technological aspect and helps marketers develop and formulate new solutions for the application of AR and VR in fashion retailing.
Study on Ergonomic Design of Artificial Intelligence Lower Limb Assist Brace for the Elderly
Authors: Yu Zhen
Published: August 2022

The ergonomic design study of artificial intelligence lower limb-assisted brace for the elderly is a new design standard of lower limb-assisted brace for the elderly with mobility problems. Based on human factors engineering, this study tested and analyzed the advantages and disadvantages of human lower limb motion mechanics, human gait motion law, and existing lower limb assisted brace design cases at home and abroad and concluded that the common external assisted method is less man-machine efficient than the internal assisted method. Therefore, a new brace joint rotation curvature, component parameters, and other key information were designed based on the structure of the medial assistance method. With the help of the engineering and scientific analysis methods in human factors engineering, the designed machines and systems are made more adaptable to the physiological and psychological characteristics of human beings. This study explores the interaction between humans and machines and the rationality of their mutual integration, which can effectively avoid repetitive strain injuries and other muscle diseases over time for users in the process of assistance and achieve efficiency, health, and safety. Subsequently, Rhino software was used for digital modeling, physical prototyping, experimental testing, and analysis of the design solution and continuous optimization of the design. At the same time, the perceptual engineering design method was utilized to meet the humanized aesthetic design requirements. The prototype of the design study was finally completed, which is more in line with the evaluation criteria of “human-machine-environment system” than the existing market design in terms of functional rationality, human-machine performance, and human experience. This demonstrates the validity of the design method and is an important reference for the design standard of the lower limb support for the elderly.
Clinicopathological Features and Prognostic-Related Risk Factors of Gastric Signet Ring Cell Carcinoma: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Guo Ying , Wang Qian , Tian Qing , Bo Changwen , Li Na , Zhang Sujing , Li Peishun
Published: August 2022

Background. Gastric signet ring cell carcinoma (SRCC) has shown a growth growing trend worldwide, but its clinicopathological features and prognostic-related risk factors have not been systematically studied. This systematic review was devoted to this. Method. PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science databases were retrieved, and retrospective cohort studies comparing clinicopathological features and related risk factors in SRCC patients were included. Results. In SRCC patient population, males were more than females (male,OR=1.38, 95% CI: 1.20-1.60); N3 patients were more than N0-2 patients (N0-2,OR=3.19, 95% CI: 1.98-5.15); M1 patients were more than M0 patients (M0,OR=3.30, 95% CI: 1.88-5.80); patients withtumor>5 cm were more than those with tumor (≤5 cm,OR=7.36, 95% CI: 1.33-40.60). Patients withage<60years (age≥60years,OR=1.03, 95% CI: 1.01-1.05), lymphatic vessel invasion (no,OR=1.74, 95% CI: 1.03-2.45), T2 (T1,OR=1.17, 95% CI: 1.07-1.28) and T4 (T1,OR=2.55, 95% CI: 2.30-2.81) stages, and N1 (N0,OR=1.73, 95% CI: 1.08-2.38), N2 (N0,OR=2.24, 95% CI: 1.12-3.36), and N3 (N0,OR=3.45, 95% CI: 1.58-5.32) stages had higher hazard ratio (HR). Conclusion. SRCC may occur frequently in male. Age, lymphatic vessel invasion, TN, and M stage may be risk factors for poor prognoses of SRCC patients.
Research on Hanger Force and Main Arch Stability of Long-Span Concrete-Filled Steel Tube Arch Bridge
Authors: Wu Yanli , Qiu Mowei , Ma Shaokun , Gao Xinlei , Han Yahong
Published: August 2022

In recent years, the construction of a CFST arch bridge has developed rapidly; however, as a kind of structural system dominated by compression, with the increase of material strength and span, the stability of the main arch of the CFST arch bridge has become more and more important. In this paper, the finite element method is used to analyze the hanger force and the main arch stability of the long-span CFST arch bridge. Combined with the Shenzhen Rainbow Bridge project, the axial force of the hanger, the internal force, and stability of the main arch of the arch bridge are studied. In the establishment of the finite element model, considering the actual operation of the arch bridge, the model simulates the interaction between steel pipe and concrete, it studies the large deformation of CFST arch bridges, and the stress distribution and overall stability of the arch bridge are analyzed. The results show that the main deformation of the CFST arch bridge is the vertical displacement of the deck, and the axial force of most members of the upper arch ribs is greater than that of the lower arch ribs. The axial force and bending moment of the lower arch rib near the arch foot are larger, and the compressive stress of the arch foot is greater than that of other positions. The axial force of the suspender of the arch bridge is the largest at both ends of the hanger and the middle hanger, and the axial force of the other hanger is close to each other, and the axial force changes little under the same case. The buckling modes of the arch are mainly the lateral buckling or flexural buckling of the arch rib outside the plane, which indicates that the vertical stiffness of the arch bridge structure is larger than that of the transverse stiffness. The research results make the load-bearing mechanism of the CFST arch bridge more clear and also provide a certain reference for the design and construction of the CFST arch bridge.