bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Intensive Modulated Three-Dimensional Computed Tomography Radio Therapy
Authors:   Research Scholar, Dept. of E.C.E, Sri SatyaSai University of Technology & Medical Sciences, Sehore, Bhopal-Indore Road, Madhya Pradesh, India, Anjaneyulu* Budida , Sankar Dr. A. Bhavani ,   Research Guide, Dept. of E.C.E, Sri Satya Sai University of Technology & Medical Sciences, Sehore, Bhopal Indore Road, Madhya Pradesh, India
Published: February 2020

Radiation therapy is one of the best choices utilized in the treatment of about portion surprisingly with cancer. A basic objective in radiation therapy is to convey ideal radiation dosages to the observed tumor while saving the encompassing sound tissues. Radiation oncologists commonly physically portray typical and sick structures on three-dimensional registered tomography (3D) examines. Three-dimensional (3D) image-based treatment arranging and new conveyance advances have prodded the execution of radiation therapy strategies, in which the high-portion area is adjusted substantially more near the objective volume than beforehand conceivable, accordingly diminishing the volume of typical tissues getting a high portion.
An Appraisal on Speech and Emotion Recognition Technologies based on Machine Learning
Authors:   Professor, Sreyas Institute of Engineering and Technology, Hyderabad, India., Kumar* Sandeep , Jason C. Andy ,   M.Tech Student, Sreyas Institute of Engineering and Technology, Hyderabad, India.
Published: February 2020

In earlier days, people used speech as a means of communication or the way a listener is conveyed by voice or expression. But the idea of machine learning and various methods are necessary for the recognition of speech in the matter of interaction with machines. With a voice as a bio-metric through use and significance, speech has become an important part of speech development. In this article, we attempted to explain a variety of speech and emotion recognition techniques and comparisons between several methods based on existing algorithms and mostly speech-based methods. We have listed and distinguished speaking technologies that are focused on specifications, databases, classification, feature extraction, enhancement, segmentation and process of Speech Emotion recognition in this paper.
System Performance of a Grid Integrated Distributed Generator using ETAP
Authors:   Energy Centre, Maulana Azad National Institute of Technology (MANIT), Bhopal, India., De* Arpita
Published: February 2020

Uneconomical augmentation of the grid framework has prompted the usage of electric power toward the end users and has been demonstrated to be practical and to a degree effective. With expanded criticalness on eco-accommodating innovations the utilization of sustainable power sources, for example, small scale hydro, wind, solar, biomass and biogas is being investigated. This paper introduces the potential effects of matrix associated photovoltaic (PV) array on electrical systems demonstrated using the Electrical Transient and Analysis Program (ETAP) software by validating the system performance parameters of the Deetyakhedi Feeder in Jhalawar district, Rajasthan under different loading conditions on Grid failure and the Sub-feeder disconnection case. This paper elaborates by underlining the significance of generating power from PV panels which exhibits and explains the development in solar technology. Effects of framework associated with solar PV Electricity on Power Systems are additionally discussed in this paper pursued by the authors' synopsis from the various writing's and discoveries with respect to the greatest suitable Solar PV infiltration that can be securely incorporated into existing systems by analyzing the System performance of the Grid Integrated Distributed Generator using ETAP Software. The conclusion covers the various Loading conditions at the Grid failure case and the Sub-Feeder disconnection case evaluating various conditions under which the system again regains its stability after specific time intervals.
Design and Simulation of Disposable S Shape Coriolis Mass Flow Sensor using FEA Method
Authors:   Department of Mechanical Engineering, Graphic Era Hill University, Dehradun, India., Pant* Rushali , Patil Pravin P. ,   Department of Mechanical Engineering, Graphic Era deemed to be University, Dehradun, India., Taluja Resham ,   Department of Mechanical Engineering, Graphic Era Hill Univeristy, Dehradun, India.
Published: February 2020

The aim of this paper is to design and evaluate natural frequency of disposable S shape coriolis mass flow sensor (CMFS). Three disposable materials used for performing modal analysis are PVDF (polyvinylidene fluoride), PP (polypropylene) and PEEK(polyether ether ketone). The design of coriolis mass flow sensor (CMFS) is done in CATIA V5 and simulation is performed in ANSYS 16.2. Simulation is performed by considering fluid inside the tube. Water is used as working fluid.
Performance Optimization of Diagonal Identity Matrix and Enhanced Double Weight Codes in Terms of Security for Short Haul Communication
Authors:   Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Punjabi University, Patiala, 147002, Punjab, Kaur* Simarpreet , Singh Simranjit ,   Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Punjabi University, Patiala, 147002, Punjab
Published: February 2020

Optical code division multiplexing is getting attention because it is an imminent multiple access technology which can cater ever increasing data traffic as well as multiple user access in optical networks. In this work, a zero cross correlation based diagonal identity matrix code is presented and it is compared with the enhanced double weight code to check the superior code in OCDMA system at data speed of 30 Gbps. Effect of some parameters of OCDMA system which prominently affects the security of the system and these are input power, linewidth and modulator extinction ratio. Optimization using single parameter optimization and multiple parameter optimizations has been done. In order to accomplish the work, optiwave optisystem software is used and extensive literature survey is done, issues encountered are carefully checked and to address the issues, proposed system is presented. Results are evaluated in terms of Q factor, bit error rate (BER) and signal to noise ratio. Novelty of proposed work is the search of optimal parameters of both the codes in terms of enhanced security such that eavesdropping at these optimal parameters will become tedious for unauthorized user.
Symmetric Encryption Algorithm using ASCII Values
Authors:   School of Computer Engineering and Technology, MIT World Peace University, Pune - 411038, India., Pujeri* Dr. Uma , Pujeri Dr. Ramachandra ,   Director MIT ADT, Computer Engineering, MIT ADT, Loni Campus, Pune, India.
Published: February 2020

Cryptography at its very core is nothing but math - pure, simple, undiluted math. Math created algorithms that are basics for various encryption algorithm. Encryption is a method in which user’s confidential data or private data is encoded to cipher text and this text can be read only if it is decrypted by authorized user using the right key. Cipher text can be decoded back to plain text, only by the authorized users using a right key. Various encryption algorithm are used to encrypt the plain text to cipher text and the cipher text is decrypted back to plain text by authorized user using right key. The symmetric key algorithm uses the same key to encrypt the plain text and decrypt the cipher text. In this paper we have proposed new symmetric algorithm using ASCII value. The plain text using key and ASCII values is converted to cipher text. Encryption algorithm sends cipher text and minimum value to the authorized receiver. Receiver decrypts the cipher text to plain text using same key and minimum value. In this algorithm sequence of five pseudo random number is generated and sum of this five pseudo random number is added to the obtained decimal value. Seed to generate common sequence of pseudo random number is kept secret between sender and receiver. Proposed algorithm support variable key length and plain text size. This algorithms performs faster when text is small message, but the execution time increases as the plain text size increases. This algorithm can be used to send small messages in a secured way. .
SUMPAH LI’AN DAN MEKANISMENYA DI PENGADILAN AGAMA DALAM PERSPEKTIF FIQH DAN HUKUM POSITIF
Authors: Bintania Aris
Published: February 2020

Pada tulisan ini penulis melakukan kajian mengenai sumpah Li’an dan mekanismenya di Pengadilan Agama dalam Perspektif Fiqh dan Hukum Islam. Mekanisme Li’an di Lingkungan Peradilan Agama, sebagaimana yang tercantum di dalam Pasal 127 Kompilasi Hukum Islam, mengacu kepada al-Qur’an Surat al-Nur ayat 6 s/d ayat 9. Kemestian terpenuhinya sumpah tidak hanya dari pihak suami sebagai penuduh zina, tetapi juga harus ada pengucapan sumpah dari pihak isteri yang menolak tuduhan tersebut untuk terjadinya cerai dengan jalan Li’an secara normatif adalah untuk memenuhi ketentuan ayat al-Qur’an tersebut.
Supportive Care In A Patient With Acute Myeloid Leukemia Through An Integrated Approach Including Yagya Therapy
Authors: Mishra Saurabh , Shrivastava Vandana , Batham Lalima , Mishra Alka
Published: February 2020

Background: Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a malignant disease of the hematopoietic system that involves infiltration of blood, bone marrow, and other tissues by poorly differentiated hematopoietic cells. Although several treatment methodologies have been employed for the treatment of AML, complete remission and long-term management of this disease is still not achieved. Purpose: As per the classical texts of Ayurveda, the disease that resembles the symptoms associated with malignancy is called Arbuda, and when Rakta (Blood) Dhatu is primarily involved in its manifestation, it is called Raktarbuda, which has associated symptoms of bleeding tendency, anemia, etc. Arbuda may be produced by the vitiation of the three Doshas (i.e. Vata, Pitta and Kapha), and Rakta (blood), Mamsa (muscles) and Medas (fat) Dhatus; hence, treatments, including herbal medicines, that balance these are recommended for the management of the symptoms associated with Arbuda. Yagya Therapy provides pulmonary inhalation of medicinal smoke of multiple herbs (generated through oblation in fire along with chanting of Vedic hymns), which provide therapeutic benefits. The Vedic hymns also contribute to the positive restructuring of the psyche of the patient. Methods: A case report about a female patient, who was suffering from symptoms associated with AML, as well as other associated ailments, has been presented in this article. The patient was prescribed an integrated approach including Yagya Therapy (using an appropriate herbal formulation - hawan samagri), and some other Ayurvedic treatments like decoction of  medicinal herbs, Ayurvedic medicines, dietary recommendations, etc. Results: Before starting the integrated approach including the Yagya Therapy (prescribed in the present study), the patient had several complaints including bleeding piles, constipation, vomiting, breathlessness, body pain, head-ache, sleeplessness, loss of appetite,  weakness, stress, depression; after taking the integrated approach including Yagya Therapy, the complaints of bleeding piles, vomiting, breathlessness were completely resolved; there was about 75% relief in the complaints of constipation, loss of appetite, body pain; and there was notable relief (about 50%) in the remaining complaints as well. Overal, there was definite improvement in the contition of the patient. Conclusion: The integrated approach including Yagya Therapy showed encouraging results with regards to the management of symptoms associated with AML, as well as other associated ailments.
वैदिक संस्कृति में यज्ञ – एक समग्र जीवन दर्शन एवं साधना पथ
Authors: Singh Sukhnandan
Published: February 2020

यज्ञ भारतीय संस्कृति का आदि प्रतीक है। हमारे धर्म में जितनी महानता यज्ञ को दी गई है, उतनी और किसी को नहीं दी गयी है। जीवन का कोई भी कर्म हो, शायद ही यज्ञ के बिना पूर्ण माना जाता हो। जन्म से पूर्व से लेकर मरण पर्यन्त सम्पन्न होने वाले संस्कार यज्ञ के माध्यम से ही सम्पन्न होते हैं। यज्ञ के चिकित्सकीय गुण एवं वातावरण शुद्धि के लाभ सर्वविदित हैं। यज्ञ से कामना सिद्धि के अनगिन उदाहरण शास्त्रों में भरे पड़े हैं। इन सबके साथ यज्ञ में जो प्रेरणा प्रवाह निहित है, साधना का समग्र विधान विद्यमान है, वह स्वयं में विलक्ष्ण है। यज्ञ में निहित जीवन दर्शन व्यक्ति, परिवार, समाज- संस्कृति, प्रकृति-पर्य़ावरण, सकल सृष्टि एवं ब्रह्माण्ड को स्वयं में समेटे हुए है। इसमें भौतिक विकास-आध्यात्मिक उन्नयन, इहलोक-परलोक, विज्ञान-अध्यात्म जीवन के दोनों विरोधी ध्रुब अपनी समग्रता में गुंथे हुए मिलते हैं, जो यज्ञ के दर्शन की विशिष्टता है। साथ ही इसमें जीवन साधना का वह पथ निर्दिष्ट है, जो व्यक्ति को जहाँ खड़ा है, वहीं से आगे बढ़ने के लिए प्रेरित करता है और व्यक्तित्व के मर्म को स्पर्श करते हुए, उसके रुपाँतरण के साथ चरम लक्ष्य की ओर अग्रसर करता है और व्यक्ति के उत्कर्ष के साथ समष्टि के कल्याण को सुनिश्चित करता है। वर्तमान शोध पत्र में यज्ञ से जुड़े इन्हीं पक्षों को प्रकाशित करने का प्रय़ास है, जिसमें इसके समग्र जीवन दर्शन एवं साधना पथ को स्पष्ट किया जा रहा है।
Spatial Organization and socisl structure
Authors: Ali Khalil Ibrahim , Al-Chalabi Sabih Ali , Parsegh Merel Feneeg
Published: February 2020

.actors. cultural and social by influenced is ,phenomena a as ,organization Spatial

social varying between differences recognize and perceive can phenom,we this Through

relationship social tO meaning and reaction of mode humanitarian a gives lt .tructures.

.pace. urban the in difusion through

social on organization spatial of dependance emphasize tO aims paper This

major of review a through ,principles significant clarify tO aims it ,Furthur .ctivities.

.theories relevant  places certain identity to space organize to vital are structures social that proves lt  urban the form that elements physical of significance and meanings social through  its of scope broad a as traditions and values social contains which ,environment

.ccupants.
التعقيد في البيئة الحضرية
Authors: AbbaS Sana Sati , AlDujaili Sahar Hilal
Published: February 2020

يعتبر التعقيد أحد الخصائص التصميمية في البيئة الحضرية والذي يمثل حالة خاصة للتفضيل

البيئي. تربط الكثير من الدراسات مفهوم التعقيد بمفهومين أساسيين هما الغموض والتناقض لذا يهدف البحث

أولا إلى التمييز بين التعقيد وهذين المفهومين على مستوى المكان الحضري حيث تمتلك البيئات الحضرية

مستويات مرغوبة من التعقيد وإن نقصانها أو تجاوزها قد يسبب مشاكل بيئية ونفسية كثيرة، إضافة إلى ذلك

فإن التعقيد في البيئة الحضرية يرتبط بعوامل أساسية هما الاختلافات القابلة للملاحظة والمقياس وسرعة

الحركة. وعلى الرغم من ضرورة التعقيد إلا أنه يسبب نوعا من الضياع وفقدان التوجيه مما يعني حدوث

نوع من التعارض بين التعقيد وأنظمة التوجيه. يهدف البحث إلى توضيح التباين في تعقيد المخططات الأفقية والكتل والواجهات في البيئة الحضرية، ولتحقيق هذا الهدف فإن البحث يفترض ان تعقيد المخططات في البيئة التقليدية أدنى منه في البيئة الحضرية الحديثة، في حين يكون العكس بالنسبة إلى تعقيد الواجهات.

أشارت النتائج التي توصل لها البحث إلى صحة الفرضية حيث انعكس ذلك على حركة الفرد

وتوجيهه في المكان إضافة إلى شعوره بخصوصية المكان، وهذا يرتبط بعدد ممرات النظام ودرجة الشد

الموجودة بين الكتل.
الاثارة وتشكيلات المشاريع اللونية في الفضاءات الداخلية
Authors: Al-Akkam Akram jassim , Hasan Harith Abdulhameed , Al_ubayde Nada Ekream
Published: February 2020

ركزت العديد من الدراسات على موضوع سايكولوجية اللون في جماليات الفضاءات الداخلية، وكيفية تحقيق

بعد الإثارة كأحد أهم الابعاد العاطفية والجمالية، ومن خلال التشكيلات اللونية الا انها لم تقدم صورة واضحة عن

تشكيلات المشاريع اللونية التي تحقق الاثارة في الفضاءات الداخلية. لذا يحاول البحث الحالى الكشف عند الاثاره،

مفترضا تأثرها بالأسس المعنوية والهيكلية لتشكيلات المشاريع اللونية في الفضاءات الداخلية. ولغرض معالجة

المشكلة البحثية، تم اختيار ثلاثة نماذج مقترحة لفضاءات داخلية، وبناء انماط من تشكيلات المشاريع اللونية

الافتراضية وصولا إلى إنتقاء اكثر الأنماط كفاءة في تحقيق الإثارة، إعتمد البحث شبه التجريبي على إسلوب الدر اسة الوصفية التحليلية، وإستمارة الاستبيان كوسيلة للإختبا

ر، وتضمن البحث تطبيق (50) نمطا من تشكيلات المشا ر بث

اللونية، وتضمنت كل مرحلة من المراحل مشروعا لونيا معينا، وتم إعتماد تشكيلات المشاريع اللونية في الفضاء

الداخلي كمتغير مستقل

، تضمن اربعة متغيرات ثانوية هي عناصر التشكيل اللوني، آليات التشكيل اللوني، التشكيل

اللوني لعناصر الفضاء، وآليات التشكيل الأوني لعناصر الفضاء، فيما شكلت ظاهرة الإثارة في الفضاء الداخلي

المتغير المعتمد، وتم إعتماد المنظور كوحدة تحليلية، وبناء الانماط المجردة (types proto)، وتطبيقها على العناصر  المادية للفضاءات الداخلية المنتخبة  ، وجمعت البيانات خلال سبعة أوجه مسحية، استغرقت قرابة أربعة أشهر، كما تم اتماد (T-Test) لمعالجة البيانات وباستخدام برنامج
A systematic review of educational resources for teaching patient handover skills to residents
Authors: Masterson Mark F , Gill Richdeep S , Turner Simon R , Shrichand Pankaj , Giuliani Meredith
Published: February 2020

Background: As physicians reduce their work hours, transfer of patient care becomes more common; this is a time of heightened risk to patients. Training in patient handover skills may reduce this risk. The objective of this study was to systematically review the literature regarding education models available to teach handovers skills to healthcare professionals. Methods: A systematic review was conducted to identify published educational resources on patient handover skills. Two investigators independently reviewed publications for inclusion/exclusion. A third reviewer resolved any disagreement. Included papers contained an educational resource for teaching handover skills to any health profession in any patient population. Papers were rated on a previously described 4 point scale for quality. Results: 1746 papers were identified, of which twelve met the inclusion criteria These studies presented information on educational curricula, simulation technologies and didactic sessions. The most common educational method was simulation or role-playing, which is better received by learners than didactic sessions. Teaching handover practices makes residents feel more confident in their handover, and residents receiving adequate handover are more comfortable with their duties.Conclusions: Although  data are limited, effective training models for handover skills have been described in the literature. Residents and other healthcare practitioners should receive training in handover to improve practitioner comfort and patient care.
GP Surgeons’ Experiences of Training in British Columbia and Alberta: A Case Study of Enhanced Skills for Rural Primary Care Providers
Authors: Kornelsen Jude , Iglesias Stuart , Humber Nancy , Caron Nadine , Grzybowski Stefan
Published: February 2020

Background: There has been a steady erosion of family physicians with enhanced surgical skills providing care for rural residents. This has been largely due to the lack of formal training avenues and continuing medical education (CME) opportunities afforded to those interested and attrition of those currently practicing.. Methods: A qualitative study was undertaken using an exploratory policy framework to guide the collection of in-depth interview data on GP surgeons’ training experiences. A purposive sample of GP surgeons currently practicing in rural BC and Alberta communities yielded interviews with 62 participants in person and an additional 8 by telephone. Interviews were audio recorded and transcribed then subjected to a process analysis. Results: Participants thematically identified motivations for acquiring advanced skills training, resources required (primarily in the area of solid mentorship), the most efficacious context for a training program (structured) and differences in mentorship between obstetricians and general surgeons. Conclusions: Mentors and role models were the most salient influencing factor in the trajectory of training for the participants in this study. Mentorship between specialists and generalists was constrained at times by inter-professional tensions and was accomplished more successfully within a cirriculum-based, structured environment as opposed to a learner-responsive training environment.
The Canada-Guyana medical education partnership: using videoconferencing to supplement post-graduate medical education among internal medicine trainees
Authors: Stokes William , Ruzycki Shannon , Jainarine Ramdeo , Isaac Debra , Cole Joanna
Published: February 2020

Background: A Guyana-based, internal medicine (IM) post-graduate medical education program was established in 2013. However, lack of formal teaching sessions are barriers to the program’s success.Objective: To describe the partnership between the University of Calgary and the University of Guyana’s internal medicine residency programs (IMRP). This partnership was created to support the Guyana’s IM academic half-day and is characterized by mutually beneficial, resident-led videoconference teaching sessions.Methods: Calgary medical residents volunteered to create and present weekly teaching presentations to Guyanese residents via videoconference. Questionnaires were completed by Guyanese residents and provided to Calgary residents as feedback on their teaching and presentation skills. A similar survey was completed by Calgary residents.Lessons learned: Twenty-four videoconference teaching sessions were conducted over eight months with a total of 191 and 16 surveys completed by Guyana and Calgary residents, respectively. Over 92% of both Guyana and Calgary residents agreed that the sessions enhanced their learning and over 93% reported increased interest in becoming more involved in international collaborations. 88% of Calgary residents felt the sessions improved their teaching skills.Conclusion: The formation of a resident-led, videoconference teaching series is a mutually beneficial partnership for Canadian and Guyanese medical residents and fosters international collaboration in medical education.
The Voluntariat: A Freirean framework to understand the nature of undergraduate international (medical) experiences
Authors: Qaiser Seemi , Dimaras Helen , Hamel Paul
Published: February 2020

Despite literature documenting limited and asymmetrical benefits along with ethical issues, short-term international volunteering is increasingly popular among North American university students as a perceived advantage when applying to professional healthcare schools or the job market. Academic institutions are also encouraging students to pursue international experiences in order to cultivate values as global citizens. These experiences are most typically limited to economically privileged students. Furthermore, international activities in developing countries often lack a pedagogy of social justice and may confirm a simplistic understanding of development. Brazilian educator Paulo Freire’s “liberation pedagogy” provides a framework for understanding the limitations of international volunteering, whereby the presence of privileged volunteers implementing Western models of development may hinder aspects of local movements. Regardless, university students face intense competition in accessing opportunities, such as medical school, and pay large sums to participate in volunteering to strengthen their academic credentials. We propose that these students form “the voluntariat.” They simultaneously play two roles by, first, contributing to the conditions that oppress the very communities in which they volunteer and, second, by playing a role as objects of oppression by the liberal institutions of learning and employment to which they are attempting to gain access.
KEABSAHAN JUAL BELI ONLINE SHOP DI TINJAU DARI UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 19 TAHUN 2016 PERUBAHAN ATAS UNDANG-UNDANG NO 11 TAHUN 2008 TENTANG INFORMASI DAN TRANSAKSI ELEKTRONIK (ITE)
Authors: Siregar Ahmad Ansyari
Published: February 2020

Perkembangan teknologi membuat manusia menikmati segala sesuatu dalam mendapatkan informasi yang mudah, bahkan untuk mendapatkan sesuatu yang diinginkan dalam penjualan membeli tanpa bertemu langsung dengan penjual bahkan sampai antar negara. Hal ini dapat dilakukan dengan transaksi jual beli online melalui media elektronik yaitu hanya menggunakan telfonenggam atau sekarang disebut dengan Android. Jual beli online berkembang sesuai dengan zamannya dilakukan dengan Blackberry Messangerdan sekarang berkembang dengan aplikasi jual beli online yang ada di Android, dengan menggunakan jaringan internet sesuai dengan penyedia sellular masing-masing pengguna. Dalam melakukan jual beli online mengatur dalam Undang-undang No 19 tahun 2016 perubahan Undang-undang No. 11 tahun 2008 tentang Informasi dan Transaksi Elektronik serta mengatur juga dalam pasal 1320 KUHPerdata. Dalam pelaksanaan jual beli Online tidak dapat menghindari pula dari tindakan nakal Penjual bahkan Pembeli, dalam perilaku wanprestasi.Kata Kunci: Perjanjian jual beli, transaksi elektronik, wanprestasi
DISTRIBUSI SPASIAL DAN KARAKTERISTIK HABITAT UDANG KELONG (Penaeus indicus) PADA PERAIRAN EKOSISTEM MANGROVE SICANANG-BELAWAN, SUMATERA UTARA
Authors: Dimenta Rivo Hasper , Machrizal Rusdi , Khairul Khairul
Published: February 2020

Perairan ekosistem mangrove Sicanang-Belawan merupakan salah satu wilayah pasang-surut yang dipengaruhi oleh arus dari sungai Belawan dan arus laut pantai timur Sumatera yang mempengaruhi adanya perbedaan karakteristik habitat yang berdampak pada sebaran kelimpahan udang kelong (P. indicus). Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui distribusi spasial dan karakteristik habitat udang kelong menerapkan metode deskriptif. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan pada bulan September - November 2017 di sekitar perairan ekosistem mangrove Sicanang-Belawan. Alat tangkap udang menggunakan jaring ambai berbahan nilon polyfilament. Stasiun pengamatan ditentukan menggunakan metode purposive random sampling. Analisa data menggunakan metode statitik multivariabel yang didasarkan pada Analisis Komponen Utama (Principal Component Analysis, PCA) dan Analisis Korelasi (Corresponden Analysis, CA). Hasil analisis PCA menunjukkan bahwa parameter lingkungan membentuk pengelompokkan yang mampu menggambarkan karakteristik habitat udang kelong (P. indicus). Habitat dikelompokan menjadi tiga kelompok karakter, yaitu kelompok habitat dekat daratan (asosiasi stasiun 1, 4 dan 5), kelompok habitat dekat estuaria (asosiasi stasiun 2), dan kelompok habitat dekat aliran sungai besar Belawan (asosiasi stasiun 3). Hasil analisis CA menunjukkan bahwa letak lokasi sampling terbukti mempengaruhi pengelompokkan dari distribusi populasi udang kelong (P.indicus) berdasarkan ukuran, jenis kelamin dan tingkat kematangan gonadnya
STUDI KEANEKARAGAMAN PLANKTON SEBAGAI PAKAN ALAMI UDANG PADA PERAIRAN EKOSISTEM MANGROVE BELAWAN, SUMATERA UTARA
Authors: Dimenta Rivo Hasper , Khairul Khairul , Machrizal Rusdi
Published: February 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui keanekaragaman plankton yang menjadi pakan alami dari udang kelong (P. indicus). Penelitian telah dilakukan selama 2 bulan di sekitar perairan muara sungai yang memiliki ekosistem mangrove Belawan, pada bulan Mei hingga Juni 2017. Metode yang digunakan dalam penentuan lokasi sampling untuk pengambilan sampel plankton adalah ”Purposive Sampling” pada 5 (lima) stasiun pengamatan dengan 2 kategori zona yaitu zona alami dan zona pemanfaatan, dilakukan 3 (tiga) kali ulangan setiap stasiun. sampel plankton diambil dengan menggunakan Plankton Net. Analisa data Kelimpahan Plankton menggunakan persamaan (APHA, 1998), untuk indeks keanekaragaman Plankton dengan persamaan Indeks Shannon-Wiener (H’), dan Analisa Korelasi Kelimpahan Terhadap Parameter Biologi (udang dan mangrove) menggunakan analisis korelasi Pearson dari perangkat lunak SPSS versi 20. Hasil penelitian diperoleh Kelimpahan plankton tertinggi dijumpai pada stasiun 1 dan 3 yang didominasi oleh kelompok fitoplankton dari genus Melosira, Gonatozygon, Skeletonema, Asterionellopsis, Ceratium, Thalassionema, Odontella, Nitzchia, dan Coscinodiscus, serta Kelompok zooplankton dari genus Brachionus dan Cyclops. Sedangkan Kelimpahan plankton terendah dijumpai pada stasiun 2 dan 5. Nilai indeks keanekaragaman (H’) plankton tertinggi ditemukan pada stasiun 1 (2,26) yang merupakan kawasan alami dengan minim aktivitas manusia dan memiliki ragam jenis mangrove, serta merupakan area pasang-surut yang baik. Sedangkan nilai indeks keanekaragaman (H’) plankton terendah pada stasiun 2 (0,97) yang berlokasi paling jauh dari muara sungai Belawan. Hasil analisis korelasi pearson antara kelimpahan plankton terhadap faktor biologi lingkungan (kerapatan mangrove dan populasi udang kelong P. indicus) menunjukkan korelasi positif/searah yang sangat kuat dengan nilai masing-masing sebesar 0.91 dan 0.94
EFEKTIFITAS PEMBELAJARAN BERBASIS MASALAH TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR SISWA PADA MATERI POKOK SISTEM GERAK PADA TUMBUHAN
Authors: Ritonga Nurhakima , Sari Novi Fitriandika , Boru Gultom Halimah Sakdiah
Published: February 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui keefektifan penggunaan metode Pembelajaran berbasis masalah pada Mengindentifikasi Macam-Macam Gerak pada Tumbuhan. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas IPA-1 SMAN 1 Panai Tengah sebanyak 4 kelas. Sampel penelitian diambil satu kelas yaitu kelas XI. Pengambilan sampel dipilih secara Random/Acak. Hasil penelitian diperoleh rata-rata ketuntasan belajar siswa setelah ujian  pre-tes 44.82 % Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa kemampuan awal siswa rendah. Berdasarkan hasil uji post tes nilai hasil belajar siswa diperoleh sebesar 89.65%. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa kelas adanya peningkatan Rata-rata keaktifan siswa sebesar 44.83 %, Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa pembelajaran dengan metode Pembelajaran berbasis masalah lebih dapat meningkatkan aktivitas siswa. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian disimpulkan bahwa pembelajaran materi Mengindentifikasi Macam-Macam Gerak pada Tumbuhan pada siswa Kelas XI IPA-1 SMAN 1 Panai  Tengah dengan menggunakan metode Pembelajaran berbasis masalah lebih efektif dalam meningkatkan hasil belajar dan keaktifan siswa dibandingkan dengan pembelajaran yang menggunakan metode konvensional. Hal ini ditunjukkan dengan tercapainya kompetensi dasar materi Mengindentifikasi Macam-Macam Gerak pada Tumbuhan pada siswa Kelas XI IPA-1 SMAN 1 Panai  Tengah Saran yang diberikan adalah penerapan metode Pembelajaran berbasis masalah perlu dikembangkan pada konsep lain yang mempunyai permasalahan yang sama
PENGARUH MODEL PEMBELAJARAN INQUIRY TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR DAN KECAKAPAN SOSIAL SISWA DI MTs NEGERI 1 RANTAUPRAPAT
Authors: Gultom Maharani , Chastanti Ika
Published: February 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hasil belajar dan kecakapn sosial siswa yangdibelajarkan dengan model pembelajaran inquiry dan siswa yang dibelajarkan denganpembelajaran konvensional. Penelitian ini adalah kuasi eksperimen dengan rancangan Pretest-Posttest Group Design. Variabel penelitian meliputi variabel bebas (model pembelajaran) danvariabel terikat (hasil belajar dan kecakapan sosial siswa). Sampel diambil dengan teknikpurposive sampling. Hipotesis dengan uji-t untuk mengetahui hasil belajar dan kecakapan sosialsiswa kelas eksperimen dengan model pembelajaran inquiry dan kelas kontrol denganpembelajaran konvensional. Data yang diperoleh adalah data hasil belajar dari tes yangberkonten biologi dan data kecakapan sosial dari angket. Hasil uji hipotesis menunjukkanadanya pengaruh model pembelajaran inquiry terhadap hasil belajar dan kecakapan sosialsiswa. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah model pembelajaran inquiry berpengaruh secarasignifikan terhadap hasil belajar biologi siswa dan kecakapan sosial siswa kelas VIII MTsNegeri 1 Rantauprapat.
Perbedaan Hasil Belajar Matematika Siswa dengan Metode Behavior Modification dan Metode Guided Discovery pada Pokok Bahasan Kubus dan Balok di Kelas VIII SMP Negeri I Merbau
Authors: Rahma Indah Fitria , Hrp Nurlina Ariani , Rohani Rohani
Published: February 2020

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui apakah perbedaan hasil belajar matematika siswa yang di ajar dengan metode behavior modification dan guided discovery pada bahasan kubus dan balok dikelas VIII SMP Negeri 1 Marbau. Tempat penelitian ini dilaksanakan di SMP Negeri 1 Marbau Kabupaten Labuhanbatu. Dalam penelitian ini populasi adalah seluruh siswa kelas VIII SMP Negeri 1 Marbau tahun ajaran 2014/2015 yang berjumlah 230 dan dibagi menjadi 6 kelas yang dibagi tidak berdasarkan tingkat kemampuan siswa artinya siswa disebar secara merata. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode kuasi (semu) sebab kondisi-kondisi siswa tidak dapat dikontrol secara keseluruhan, seperti : pengerjaan rumah, hubungan siswa dengan orang tua, hubungan siswa dengan lingkungan tempat tinggal, dimana penelitian dilaksanakan pada 2 kelas yaitu kelas eksperimen 1 dan eksperimen 2. Dari hasil perhitungan pengujian hipotesis tes, kriteria pengujian adalah thitung > t(1-  α) dari perhitungan diatas diperoleh thitung =2,37 dan ttabel = 1,997 artinya bahwa H0 ditolak Ha diterima. Dengan demikian maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa ada perbedaan yang signifikan antara hasil belajar siswa yang diajar dengan metode behavior modification dengan metode guided discovery pada pokok bahasan kubus dan balok dikelas VIII SMP Negeri 1 Marbau tahun ajaran 2014/2015. Kesulitan belajar matematika yang masih dialami siswa dalam pembelajaran metode behavior modification dalam mempelajari pokok bahasan kubus dan balok di kelas VIII SMP Negeri 1 Marbau yaitu siswa kesulitan dalam memahami soal dan siswa kesulitan menyatakan soal dalam bentuk matematika
EFEKTIVITAS PEMBELAJARAN COOPERATIPE INTEGRATED READING AND COMPOCITION (CIRC) UNTUK MENINGKATKAN PEMAHAMAN KONSEP BELAJAR MATEMATIKA SISWA PADA MATERI PERSAMAAN LINEAR DUA VARIABEL DI KELAS X SMA NEGERI 2 TORGAMBA TAHUN PEMBELAJARAN 2017/2018
Authors: Nasution Nuranni Hasmiah
Published: February 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah terdapat peningkatan pemahaman konsep dan untuk mengetahui bagaimana proses jawaban siswa. Jenis penelitian ini adalah semi eksperimen (quasi eksperimen). Data yang diperoleh thitung = 6,466. Setelah membandingkan harga thitung dengan harga ttabel dengan taraf nyata α = 0,01 untuk daftar distribusi t diperoleh ttabel = 2,856, karena thitung tidak terletak diantara – 2,856 dan 2,856 maka Ho ditolak dengan kata lain Ha diterima. Dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan bahwa ada perbedaan yang nyata antara hasil belajar siswa dengan menggunakan efektivitas pembelajaran cooperatipe intregrated reading and compocition (CIRC) untuk meningkatkan pemahaman konsep belajar matematika pada materi persamaan linear dua variabel di kelas X SMA Negeri 2 Tor gamba  Tahun Pelajaran 2017/2018.
Pengaruh Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis Siswa yang Diajarkan dengan Model Pembelajaran Example Non Example di SMP Negeri 1 NA. IX-X pada Tahun Ajaran 2017/2018
Authors: Irmayanti Irmayanti
Published: February 2020

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui: 1) Pengaruh model pembelajaran example non example terhadap kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa-siswi kelas VII SMP Negeri 1 Na. IX-X, 2) Pola jawaban siswa melalaui model pembelajaran example non example. Jenis penelitian ini adalah kuantitatif dan  tempat penulis mengadakan penelitian adalah SMP Negeri 1 Na. IX-X dikelas VII Tahun Pembelajaran 2017/2018. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh kelas VII yang berjumlah 320 siswa. Sampel dalam penelitian ini kelas VII9 sebanyak 32 orang sebagai kelas eksperimen dan kelas VII8 sebanyak 32 orang sebagai kelas kontrol. Teknik pengumpulan data diperoleh dengan cara tes berupa uraian dan teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah, uji normalitas, uji homogenitas, uji hipotesis atau uji t. Berdasarkan hasil tes yang diberikan rata-rata nilai pretest siswa adalah 8.56, dan standar deviasi 1.134. Rata-rata nilai posttest siswa adalah 10.96, dan standar deviasi 3.128 hal ini menunjukkan bahwa kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa meningkat setelah diberikan perlakuan (model pembelajaran example non example). Berdasarkan pengujian hipotesis menggunakan uji t dengan teknik paired samples t-test ditunjukkan bahwa kelas eksperimen pada taraf signifikan α = 0.05 dalam kasus ini thitung yaitu -9.210 dan ttabel = 1.695, sehingga dalam hal ini thitung ˂ ttabel yang artinya H0 ditolak H1 diterima berarti ada pengaruh model pembelajaran example non example terhadap kemampuan berpikir kritis matematika siswa. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian bahwa semakin sering guru menggunakan model example non example dalam pembelajaran Matematika, maka kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa akan semakin meningkat
Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Snowball Throwing untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar IPA Siswa di Kelas VII SMP Budi Utomo
Authors: Julyanti Eva
Published: February 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah penerapan model pembelajaran snowball throwing dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar IPA siswa di kelas VII SMP Budi Utomo. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan dengan jenis penelitian tindakan kelas. Subyek penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas VII SMP dengan mata pelajaran IPA. Teknik pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan lembar observasi, tes dan dokumentasi. Analisis data dilakukan  dengan analisis deskriptif kuantitatif dengan mendeskripsikan persentase data kuantitatif yang diperoleh. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan metode snowball throwing dalam pembelajaran dapat mengatasi masalah siswa kelasVII SMP Budi Utomo, yaitu siswa dapat memahami materi yang diberikan oleh guru.  Hal ini dapat dilihat dari pemahaman siswa untuk setiap aspek pada setiap siklus mengalami peningkatan sehingga target yang diinginkan tercapai. Pada siklus I dari 34 siswa diperoleh data bahwa siswa yang mendapatkan nilai ≥ 65 sebanyak 16 siswa dengan rata-rata kelas 61,48. Sehingga dapat dikatakan hanya sekitar 47,07% siswa sudah tuntas. Sedangkan pada siklus II, dari 34 siswa diperoleh data bahwa siswa yang mendapatkan nilai ≥ 65 sebanyak 30 siswa dengan rata-rata kelas 78,87 sehingga dapat dikatakan 88,24 % siswa sudah tuntas dan telah memahami materi. Berdasarkan hasil belajar yang diperoleh pada penelitian ini, dapat diketahui bahwa siswa mengalami peningkatan dan nilainya sudah sesuai dengan target yang diinginkan oleh peneliti maupun sekolah. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data dari kedua siklus tersebut, hasil tindakan pada siklus II mengalami peningkatan bila dibandingkan pada siklus I. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa penerapan metode pembelajaran snowball throwing dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa kelas VII Budi Utomo.
Frecuencia y características epidemiológicas de las bacterias productoras de betalactamasas de espectro extendido en la unidad de cuidados intensivos de un hospital del norte del Perú
Authors: Pacherres-Bustamante Lesvia Esperanza , Aguilar-Gamboa Franklin Rómulo , Silva-Díaz Heber
Published: February 2020

Objetivo. Describir la frecuencia y características epidemiológicas de las bacterias productoras de betalactamasas de espectro extendido (BLEE), aisladas desde pacientes de la UCI del Hospital Regional Docente las Mercedes (HDRLM), Chiclayo, durante enero a abril del 2018. Metodología. Estudio observacional descriptivo de temporalidad retrospectiva. La población estuvo constituida por 134 pacientes procedentes de la UCI. La recolección de los datos se realizó  mediante análisis documental del Registro de Microbiología del Laboratorio Clínico del mismo hospital. Resultados. La población de estudio tuvo una mediana de 30 años de edad (RIC: 31 a 72); de los cuales 40,3% fueron positivos al cultivo microbiológico, de estos, el 51,9% produjeron BLEE: Escherichia coli (64,29%) y Klebsiella pneumoniae (35,71%). Estas bacterias presentaron sensibilidad a los carbapenémicos (96,4%) y resistencia al ciprofloxacino (78,6%). Conclusiones. Las bacterias productoras de BLEE son frecuentes en la población estudiada y presentan alta resistencia al ciprofloxacino, los que revelan un actual problema de salud pública en la región.
Does cash flow affect investment? Evidence from the romanian capital market.
Authors: Putintica Andriana , Bonaci Carmen Giorgiana
Published: February 2020

Our paper addresses the relation between corporate investments and cash flow. While literature agrees upon the existence of a correlation between the two, its interpretation continues to generate intense debates. We use data from a sample of 125 Romanian listed companies for the 2005-2011 period. Using a fixed effects least squares model we document a positive significant association between investments and cash flow. The results show that a 1% cash flow fluctuation leads to a 0.27% alteration of the planned investments. We therefore add to the literature on a widely debated topic by bringing evidence in the case of Romanian listed companies.
Family businesses: A diagnosis and self therapy model.
Authors: Siakas Kerstin , Vassiliadis Spyros , Siakas Errikos
Published: February 2020

Family businesses are complex systems which require good strategy, leadership, and committed personnel in order to thrive. Compared to other businesses family businesses are characterized by two dynamic and sometimes conflicting reference systems, the family (the emotional) and the company (the professional). Succession is mentioned in the literature as one of the four main categories of problems, along with problems of strategy, of the conflicts that can arise between family members and the problems of the daily management. The management of conflict and communication frequently determine the effectiveness of the family business.

The “Family Business in the New Economy: How to Survive and Develop” (FAMBUS) project aims to develop a model for diagnosis and self-therapy (diagnostics – therapy, including conflict resolution, modernization, adoption to environment, to globalization etc.). The model aims to promoting healthy personal relationships and building high performing teams, as well as to serve as an outside resource that brings objectivity and direction to a certain situation in family businesses. It may unfold unfinished or unspoken issues and help the family business members to work toward their own unique solutions.

The creation of the model is based on the results of the quantitative study (a survey comprising a structured questionnaire completed by 200 Finnish and Greek family businesses) and qualitative study (Personal site visits and interviews comprising 20 interviews in both Finland and Greece) for obtaining deeper understanding of the research problem and to support the design of the diagnosis and self-therapy model.

The most important contribution of this work is anticipated to be the novel family business diagnosis and self-therapy model and subsequent electronic tool in three languages, English, Finnish and Greek, for identification of potential problem areas and potential activities for their solutions. The aim of the model is to aid family businesses to avoid difficulties at an early stage and to serve as a self-therapy model.
Impact of Petroleum on SMEs Growth in Nigeria.
Authors: Tende Sam , Obumneke Ezie
Published: February 2020

The study undertakes an empirical research on the impact of petroleum on small and medium scale enterprises (SMEs) development in Nigeria. The log linear error correction model was adopted to examine how petroleum price (PP), Imported petroleum (IMP) and domestically produced petroleum (DPP) had impacted on Nigeria’s SMEs. Unit root test was carried out on each of the variables to determine their level of stationarity. They were however found stationary after first difference (that is, they are all integrated of order one (I(1)), then it was safe to proceed with Johansen Cointegration Test. The integrated variables were then used for the regression analysis. The cointegration result showed that the variables used in the model have a long term, or equilibrium relationship between them. It was observed that from the analysis that PP and IMP were found to be statistically insignificant and both had negative relationships with SMEs development Nigeria, while DPP had a positive impact and is statistically significant. Due to the underproduction of the Nigerian petroleum refineries, the government had to resort to importation of the shortfall which also has its cost implications on its sales and distribution. Local manufacturers and farmers had to pay more for transporting their goods and services to the markets. Incessant price hikes of petroleum products have led to crisis and industrial actions led by some pressure groups in Nigeria which has caused distortion in the SMEs activities of Nigeria overtime The study thus recommends that the down-stream oil need to be deregulated to allow private investors come in to build in more refineries so as to produce the petroleum at a relatively lower cost to propel the growth of SMEs in the country.
Valuation of cultural goods: evaluation of perspective methods
Authors: Smrčka Luboš , Kislingerová Eva , Strouhal Jiří , Kubíčková Klára , Kubíčková Markéta
Published: February 2020

Valuation of cultural assets represents a very actual topic not widely discussed within contemporary accounting and financial research. Main motivation of this paper is therefore to provide an empirical evidence of the methods for valuation of cultural and artistic goods. In general, any method for valuating cultural and artistic goods or institutions cannot bring results as objective as those available to valuate assets in the real market economy. Within this paper we did focused on valuation on a specific case of cultural institutions (theatre, museum) and also we aimed to analyse the economic impacts of cultural organizations.
Innovation and internationalization: relationship and implications for management and public policy.
Authors: Freixanet Joan
Published: February 2020

Innovation and internationalization are two basic growth strategies which contend for both the firms’ and governments resources. At the same time, they are linked by a two-way relationship that has been widely documented in previous studies. However, often preceding literature is disconnected and does not integrate innovation and export promotion studies into the analysis. In this article we review and synthesize the different approaches regarding these relationships, while considering also the research on the impact of export promotion programs. As a result, a list of recommendations is deduced both for management and public policy regarding the development of these two strategies.
IFRS Versus CZ GAAP: Influence Of Construction Contracts On Financial Indicators
Authors: Havlová Kristýna
Published: February 2020

In 2009, 117 countries all over the world allowed to prepare financial statements according to International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) including the Czech Republic. Between Czech General Accepted Accounting Principles (CZ GAAP) and IFRS are some differences involving reporting of noncurrent fixed assets, leasing, construction contracts etc. Using different accounting procedure we can get different value of assets and assets are one component that is used to calculate the financial performance indicators. Those indicators are then used by investors to assess the financial performance of companies and the application of IFRS instead of CZ GAAP can lead to distinct presentation of enterprise performance. In this paper we examine the influence of construction contract reporting using IFRS and CZ GAAP on financial indicators. IFRS leads to more stable development during the period when the project is in progress. In the last year when the project is finished the figures of both ratios (ROA and Z-score) are getting worse which is due to the lower percentage of the construction that is built in this year.