bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
How indigenous entrepreneurs negotiate cultural and commercial imperatives: insights from Aotearoa New Zealand
Authors: Manganda Admiral Munyaradzi , Mika Jason Paul , Jurado Tanya , Palmer Farah Rangikoepa
Published: July 2022

Purpose

This paper aims to explore how Maori entrepreneurs in Aotearoa New Zealand negotiate cultural and commercial imperatives in their entrepreneurial practice. Culture is integral to Indigenous entrepreneurship, an example being tikanga Maori (Maori cultural values) and Maori entrepreneurship. This study discusses the tensions and synergies inherent in the negotiation of seemingly conflicting imperatives both theoretically and practically.

Design/methodology/approach

This study reports on a thematic analysis of semi-structured interviews involving ten Maori enterprises of the Ngati Porou tribe on the east coast of Aotearoa New Zealand.

Findings

This study finds that depending on their contextual and cultural orientation, Maori entrepreneurs use tikanga to help negotiate cultural and commercial imperatives. The contingency of entrepreneurial situations and the heterogeneity of Maori perspectives on whether (and in what way) tikanga influences entrepreneurial practice appear influential. The authors propose a typology of Maori entrepreneurs’ approaches to explain the negotiation of cultural and commercial imperatives comprising the “culturally engaged Maori entrepreneur”; the “culturally responsive Maori entrepreneur”; and the “culturally ambivalent Maori entrepreneur.”

Originality/value

This study proposes a typology to analyse entrepreneurial practices of Indigenous entrepreneurs’ negotiation of cultural and commercial imperatives.
Uncertainty in illness among individuals with schizophrenia: a phenomenology study in Indonesia
Authors: Irawani Fardelyn Hacky , Asniar Asniar , Marthoenis Marthoenis
Published: July 2022

Purpose

Individuals with schizophrenia experience uncertainty due to the unpredictable symptoms, the course of the illness and poor knowledge about the disease, treatment and prognosis. Uncertainty in illness is linked with poor treatment outcomes, coping strategies, check-up decisions and psychological distress. This study aims to explore the uncertainty in illness among individuals with schizophrenia.

Design/methodology/approach

Eight individuals with schizophrenia living in the community were interviewed regarding their illness. The phenomenology approach was used to collect and analyze the data.

Findings

Three themes emerged from the findings of the study; the unpredictable course of the illness, compliance amid uncertainty and uncertainty of information about their illness. This study provides an essential overview of how patients with schizophrenia live in uncertain conditions.

Originality/value

It should be considered by various parties, particularly the community mental health nurses working with individuals with schizophrenia. Considering the uncertainty of illness while looking after or interacting with patients and their family is significant in improving adequate mental health-care delivery.
Women’s career progression to management positions in Jordan’s health sector
Authors: Khader Yousef , Essaid Aida Asim , Alyahya Mohammad S. , Al-Maaitah Rowaida , Gharaibeh Muntaha K. , Dababneh Abeer Bashier , AbuAlRub Raeda F.
Published: July 2022

Purpose

This study aims to identify and explore experiences, perspectives, barriers and enablers to women’s career progression to management positions in the health-care sector and to assess women’s and men’s perceptions of the policies and practices of the health-care system concerning gender equality and nondiscrimination between women and men.

Design/methodology/approach

A cross-sectional survey was conducted among health-care professionals in ten selected hospitals, including physicians, registered nurses/midwives and pharmacists with or without managerial positions.

Findings

This study included a total of 2,082 female and 1,100 male health-care professionals. Overall, 70% of women and men reported that opportunities for advancement are based on knowledge and skills in their institution. However, 58.9% of women (p < 0.001) reported that women are more likely to face barriers to career advancement than men do in their workplace. Lack of women in general/line management and discrimination against women by supervisors at the point of promotion were the main barriers to women's career progression, as they were reported by two-thirds of women. The main barrier, as perceived by men (62.3%) was that women have family and domestic responsibilities.

Practical implications

To overcome barriers in women's career progression, there is a need to establish a career planning and capacity-building program for women in the health sector.

Originality/value

Jordanian female health-care professionals face different barriers that affect their career progression, including inequity and discrimination in the workplace, negative views about women’s abilities, lack of qualifications and training, hostile cultural beliefs and family responsibilities.
Quantifying the energy trilemma in China and assessing its nexus with smart transportation
Authors: Zhao Congyu , Dong Xiucheng , Dong Kangyin
Published: July 2022

Purpose

Mitigating the energy trilemma (ET) is of great importance for dealing with climate change and realizing carbon neutrality. To this end, effectively assessing the level of the ET is essential. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the current situation and the spatio-temporal changes of the ET in the whole of China.

Design/methodology/approach

Moreover, based on provincial-level data in China for the period 2002–2017, and by using the dynamic estimation model, we aim to determine the specific marginal impacts of smart transportation (ST) on the ET, and the possible channels through which ST works on the ET.

Findings

We thus present the following findings: (1) The performance of both ET and its three pillars is gradually improving in China. Moreover, the situation tends to vary dramatically among various regions and provinces, and the gap between the best performers and the worst is large. (2) ST plays a significant role in inhibiting the ET, a finding that remains robust after a series of tests. And (3) the ET eradication effect of ST is caused mainly by improved innovation, advanced technical efficiency, and the increasing energy scale.

Originality/value

Accordingly, we put forward some policy recommendations to help tackle ET and accelerate ST in China.
Project fuzziness to project value: the role of social capital
Authors: Sharari Hakem , Paton Robert A. , Smart Alison
Published: July 2022

Purpose

Project management scholars and practitioners have long debated how best to harness social interactions to optimise knowledge exchange and enhance stakeholder alignment and value. This study aims to assist project managers to understand and manage fuzziness and create enduring front-end value. It views the project life cycle as a potential source of co-created value. The paper uses a social capital lens to provide a deeper understanding of the project front-end; it uses a three-dimensional view (structural, relational, cognitive) to explore how stakeholder social capital can overcome front-end fuzziness to enhance decision-making and, thus, value creation.

Design/methodology/approach

Semi-structured interviews were conducted with senior managers from teleconnections companies, which, when combined with secondary data, established the impact, nature and dimensions of social capital within a project management setting.

Findings

The research found that social capital can help to reduce complexity, uncertainty and equivocality in the early stages of projects, making them more clearly defined and thus helping to create greater stakeholder value in the later stages of the project. A surprising finding was that some project team members engaged in intentional equivocality to try to promote their own benefits rather than those of the organisation.

Originality/value

This paper reconceptualises the impact of social capital on stakeholder value creation in the front-end of projects. The paper contributes to a more holistic view of the front-end of project management, focusing social capital to reduce the sources of front-end fuzziness.
Impact of JAK/STAT inhibitors on human monocyte‐derived‐macrophages stimulated by cigarette smoke extract and lipopolysaccharide
Authors: Verres Yann , da Silva Camila Oliveira , Aljebawi Bachar , Bodin Aude , Barreto Emiliano , Lagente Vincent , Victoni Tatiana
Published: July 2022

The main risk factor for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is cigarette smoke (CS). It can alter many immune cells functions such as phagocytosis, efferocytosis and cytokine production. Cytokines play a role in the orchestration of inflammation in COPD. The JAK/STAT pathways are among the most important signalling components of cytokines. The objective of this work was to investigate the role of the JAK/STAT pathway with regard to cytokine release and microsphere uptake capacity (to minimize the non‐specific scavenging) in human monocyte‐derived‐macrophages (MDMs). The MDMs were stimulated by cigarette smoke extract (CSE) alone or in combination with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). CSE alone was not associated with significant changes in the cytokine, with the exception of IL‐8/CXCL8 production. However, CSE disturbed cytokine production in LPS‐stimulated MDMs. CSE increase CXCL‐8 and CCL2 release in LPS‐stimulated monocyte‐derived macrophages and suppressed the production of IL‐6 and CXCL1 in these cells. CSE also decreased microsphere uptake capacity by MDMs. Then, CSE + LPS‐stimulated MDMs were treated with two different JAK inhibitors. AG490 (specific inhibitor of JAK2) and ruxolitinib (inhibitor of JAK1 and JAK2). JAK/STAT inhibitors, particularly ruxolitinib, attenuated in cytokine production without completely inhibiting when compared with dexamethasone. On the other hand, the cells exposed to dexamethasone are nearly unable to capture the microspheres, while both JAK inhibitors do not affect the uptake capacity. In summary, our results showed the versatility of ruxolitinib which might bring a better balance disturbance of cytokine release and uptake capacity. The information regarding the distinctive effect of JAK/STAT inhibitors may be useful in the development of novel treatments for COPD.
Genetic redundancy of 4‐hydroxybenzoate 3‐hydroxylase genes ensures the catabolic safety of Pigmentiphaga sp. H8 in 3‐bromo‐4‐hydroxybenzoate‐contaminated habitats
Authors: Chen Kai , Xu Xihui , Yang Muji , Liu Tairong , Liu Bin , Zhu Jianchun , Wang Baozhan , Jiang Jiandong
Published: July 2022

Genetic redundancy is prevalent in organisms and plays important roles in the evolution of biodiversity and adaptation to environmental perturbation. However, selective advantages of genetic redundancy in overcoming metabolic disturbance due to structural analogues have received little attention. Here, functional divergence of the three 4‐hydroxybenzoate 3‐hydroxylase (PHBH) genes (phbh1~3) was found in Pigmentiphaga sp. strain H8. The genes phbh1/phbh2 were responsible for 3‐bromo‐4‐hydroxybenzoate (3‐Br‐4‐HB, an anthropogenic pollutant) catabolism, whereas phbh3 was primarily responsible for 4‐hydroxybenzoate (4‐HB, a natural intermediate of lignin) catabolism. 3‐Br‐4‐HB inhibited 4‐HB catabolism by competitively binding PHBH3 and was toxic to strain H8 cells especially at high concentrations. The existence of phbh1/phbh2 not only enabled strain H8 to utilize 3‐Br‐4‐HB but also ensured the catabolic safety of 4‐HB. Molecular docking and site‐directed mutagenesis analyses revealed that Val199 and Phe384 of PHBH1/PHBH2 were required for the hydroxylation activity towards 3‐Br‐4‐HB. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that phbh1 and phbh2 originated from a common ancestor and evolved specifically in strain H8 to adapt to 3‐Br‐4‐HB‐contaminated habitats, whereas phbh3 evolved independently. This study deepens our understanding of selective advantages of genetic redundancy in prokaryote's metabolic robustness and reveals the factors driving the divergent evolution of redundant genes in adaptation to environmental perturbation.
Australia's Fiscal Space: The Role of Public Investment
Authors: Domínguez Begoña , Quiggin John
Published: July 2022

How large is Australia's fiscal space? Blanchard (2019) shows that as long as the real interest rate is below the real growth rate , a government can sustain a positive primary deficit with a constant (or even declining) ratio of public debt to GDP. In this article, we explain the neutral real interest rate and the reasons for its decline. Then, we discuss the results of a companion paper, Domínguez and Quiggin (2022), in which we quantify the fiscal space for Australia and find that a permanent increase in the primary deficit can be afforded up to reaching a debt to GDP ratio of 79 per cent. Furthermore, this so‐called ‘free lunch’ in the fiscal space can be expanded if debt is used to finance public investment.
Health utilities in Chinese patients with coronary heart disease and impaired glucose tolerance (ACE): A longitudinal analysis of a randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled trial
Authors: Leal José , Becker Frauke , Lim Lee‐Ling , Holman Rury R. , Gray Alastair M.
Published: July 2022

Background

We estimate health‐related quality of life and the impact of four cardiovascular events (myocardial infarction [MI], stroke, congestive heart failure, angina) and gastrointestinal events in 6522 Chinese patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) and impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) participating in the Acarbose Cardiovascular Evaluation (ACE) trial.

Methods

Health‐related quality of life was captured using the EuroQol‐5 Dimension‐3 Level (EQ‐5D‐3L), with data collected at baseline and throughout the trial. Multilevel mixed‐effects linear regression with random effects estimated health‐related quality of life over time, capturing variation between hospital sites and individuals, and a fixed‐effects linear model estimated the impact of cardiovascular and gastrointestinal events.

Results

Patients were followed for a median of 5 years (interquartile range 3.4‐6.0). The average baseline EQ‐5D score of 0.930 (SD 0.104) remained relatively unchanged over the trial period with no evidence of statistically significant differences in EQ‐5D score between randomized treatment groups. The largest decrement in the year of an event was estimated for stroke (−0.107, P < .001), followed by heart failure (−0.039, P = .022), MI (−0.021, P = .047), angina (−0.012, P = .047), and gastrointestinal events (−0.005, P = .430). MI and stroke reduced health‐related quality of life beyond the year in which the event occurred (−0.031, P = .006, and −0.067, P < .001, respectively).

Conclusions

Acarbose treatment had no impact on health‐related quality of life in ACE trial participants with CHD and IGT. Events such as MI, stroke, heart failure, and angina reduce health‐related quality of life around the time they occurred, but only MI and stroke impacted on longer‐term health‐related quality of life.
Petrogenesis of the Carboniferous Intrusive Rock in the Xiaobaishitou District of East Tianshan, Northwest China: Magma Evolution and Tectonic Significance
Authors: LI Ning , ZHANG Zhixin , YANG Fuquan , LIU Dongna
Published: July 2022

The Xiaobaishitou gabbro‐diorite pluton comprises a medium‐grained gabbro‐diorite suite and a fine‐grained diorite suite, which intrude the Kawabulag Group in the East Tianshan Orogen of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt (CAOB). A combination of mineral chemistry, zircon U‐Pb age, whole‐rock geochemistry, Sr‐Nd isotopes, and in situ zircon Hf isotopes for newly found gabbro‐diorite from the Xiaobaishitou district in the Central Tianshan Terrane (CTT) is presented to investigate the petrogenesis and tectonic or even crustal evolution of the East Tianshan Orogen. Laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA‐ICP‐MS) zircon U‐Pb analyses indicate that the gabbro‐diorite was formed at 324.7 ± 2.4 Ma. The isolated clinopyroxene formed under higher P‐T‐ƒO2 melt conditions (10.7–14.6 kbar; 1199–1269°C; high ƒO2) than those for the hornblende, plagioclase, and zircon (557–687°C; moderate ƒO2) in the gabbro‐diorite, which reveals a multilevel, magmatic storage system. The gabbro‐diorite is characterized by fractioned REE patterns, enriched LILEs (e.g., Ba and Pb), negative anomalies of HFSEs (e.g., Nb and Ta), and low La/Yb and Sr/Y ratios, which are typically indicative of crustal contamination and accounted for by subduction‐related fluids. The rock also characterized by typical features of high compatible elements (MgO = 3.14–11.65 wt%, Cr = 1–157 ppm, Ni = 6–830 ppm), high Mg# (47 –74), positive ɛHf(t) values (+5.1 to +10.3) and ɛNd(t) values (+2.3 to +4.4). These features suggest that the Xiaobaishitou gabbro‐diorite was most likely derived from metasomatic mantle and contaminated minor crustal components. Taking into account the spatial and temporal distribution of the Carboniferous magmatic rocks in the CTT, we suggest the formation of the Xiaobaishitou gabbro‐diorite was attributed to southward subduction of the Kangguer Ocean.
Farm‐related injury deaths in Australia (2001–20)
Authors: Lower Tony , Peachey Kerri‐Lynn , Rolfe Margaret
Published: July 2022

Objective

To describe the agents, pattern and trends of unintentional farm fatalities in Australia (2001–2020).

Methods

Review of study of National Coronial Information System data.

Design

Descriptive.

Setting

Australia (2001–2020).

Participants

All cases involving fatal work and non‐work injury events on a farm.

Main outcome measures

Patterns and agents of injury events, with trends for all‐cause deaths based on rates per 10 000 farms and work‐related incidents (per 100 000 workers and 1 000 000 h worked).

Results

There were 1584 unintentional farm fatalities (annual mean 79). Two‐thirds of cases were work‐related (68%). Major agents of injury were farm vehicles (39%) and machinery (26%). Persons aged over 55 years were involved in 58% of all work‐related incidents and were significantly more likely to die than younger cohorts when assessed against hours worked. Death rates involving all on‐farm fatal incidents (both work and non‐work) per 10 000 farms (p = 0.015) and work‐related rates per 100 000 workers (p = 0.015) reduced over the period, with both demonstrating a fluctuating rate. There was no change in the work‐related rates when assessed against hours worked (p = 0.276).

Conclusion

Over the period, the annualised number of deaths fell by approximately 24% (98–75), with agents of injury remaining similar. General trends suggest a reduction in the overall death rates for work and non‐work incidents. However, trends were less apparent when the reduction of farms (~19%), workers (~7%) and hours worked (no change), were accounted for. Targeted approaches are required to stimulate improvements in these preventable incidents.
Value of computed tomography scores in complicated acute diverticulitis
Authors: Mitreski Goran , McGill Jeannette , Nikolovski Zoran , Jamel Wael , Al‐Kaisey Yasir , Kam Ning Mao , Con Danny , Ardalan Zaid , Kutaiba Numan
Published: July 2022

Background

Diverticular disease remains one of the most common conditions in the western world. Up to 25% of patients with diverticular disease require hospitalization, 15–30% of those of which require surgical intervention. CT scoring systems have been proposed as means to drive assessment and stratify patients necessitating hospital intervention. To assess and correlate CT scoring systems with clinical and surgical outcomes.

Methods

Retrospective cohort analysis at a single institution. Single institutional assessment with patients presenting to emergency with a CT diagnosed episode of acute diverticulitis. One hundred and eighty‐nine patients were included in the study, 61% of which were male. Patient demographics, comorbidities, medications, biochemistry and inflammatory markers, type of complication following acute diverticulitis, operative/procedural intervention, hospital outcome and mortality were measured. CT scoring systems assessed included modified Hinchey, modified Neff, World Society of Emergency Surgery (WSES) and modified Siewert scoring systems.

Results

Majority of patients had left‐sided diverticulitis (91%) with localized air (88%) and pericolic abscess (49%) the most common radiological findings. 28% of patients required radiological and/or surgical management with 12% requiring intensive care unit (ICU) admission. There was a general trend for surgical/radiological intervention as the scores increased in severity. The four scoring systems were found to be statistically significant predictors of any intervention and of ICU admission with minimal statistical differences across the different scoring systems.

Conclusion

Radiological CT scores for complicated diverticulitis are at best, moderate predictors of clinical and surgical outcomes and may serve to guide management with minimal statistical differences across different scores.
The Logistics of Waste: Engineering, Capital Accumulation, and the Growth of Mexico City
Authors: Chahim Dean
Published: July 2022

How is capital accumulation sustained in the Anthropocene, even as it threatens to overwhelm everyone—capitalists included—in ever‐growing quantities of waste? This paper examines this question at the metropolitan scale, focusing on the growth of Greater Mexico City. In a bid to spur capital accumulation, governments across the megacity increasingly push for new urban developments that encroach on the already‐strained drainage system, limiting its capacity to prevent floods. To protect these developments, state engineers now regularly divert wastewater through the homes and streets of marginalised areas of the metropolis. Even as these diversions turn marginal neighbourhoods into ephemeral waste conduits, the transience of wastewaters and the complexity of engineers’ operations limit the possibilities for collective resistance. This calculative management of the flows of waste—here termed the logistics of waste—is a critical yet understudied way engineering sustains the accumulation of capital and limits popular resistance to elite‐led projects of endless growth.
The association between vaginal microbiota disorders and early missed abortion: A prospective study
Authors: Sun Dan , Zhao Xingping , Pan Qiong , Li Fang , Gao Bingsi , Zhang Aiqian , Huang Huan , Xu Dabao , Cheng Chunxia
Published: July 2022

Introduction

The objective of this study was to explore the association between disordered vaginal microbiota and missed abortion to ascertain potential causes of missed abortion related to vaginal microbiology.

Material and methods

This study was a prospective cohort study with a comparison group (reference group). Vaginal secretions from the posterior fornix of women in the early stages of pregnancy were collected in the Xiangya Third Hospital of Central South University in Changsha, Hunan, China, from November 2018 to November 2019. A total of 54 cases of missed abortion (case group) and 50 cases of normal pregnancy requiring induced abortion (reference group) were analyzed. Bacterial DNA was extracted, hybridized with gene‐specific primers, and then detected using a bacterial chip. The composition and relative abundance of vaginal microbiota in the two groups were compared using α‐diversity analysis, β‐diversity analysis, and the linear discriminant analysis effect size method.

Results

The α‐diversity analysis showed that the Simpson index of the case group was lower than that of the reference group, whereas the Shannon index in the case group was higher. The relative abundance of Firmicutes in the case group (42.52%) was lower than in the reference group (51.03%, p < 0.05), as was the relative abundance of Lactobacillus (case group 16.51%, reference group 23.00%; p < 0.05). Interestingly, levels of Mycoplasma genitalium and Ureaplasma were lower in the case group (p < 0.05). The relative abundance of Lactobacillus crispatus, Lactobacillus jensenii, and Lactobacillus gasseri was also significantly lower in the case group than in the reference group (p < 0.05). The pathways enriched in the case group were predominantly related to metabolism, whereas the genetics‐related pathways were predominantly enriched in the reference group.

Conclusions

Bacteria are more diverse and unevenly distributed in patients with missed abortion. Decreases in the proportion of vaginal Lactobacillus and changes in Lactobacillus species in these patients may increase the chance of genital tract pathogenic bacterial infection. To our knowledge, our study was the first to observe that a decrease of Firmicutes levels in the vaginal microbiota might impair energy metabolism and have an association with missed abortion.
Zuragen™ antiseptic catheter lock: A bridge too far?
Authors: Ash Stephen R.
Published: July 2022

When sodium citrate is used as an anticoagulant catheter lock the best concentration is 7%, since this provides a density approximately the same as blood. Our laboratory found that the addition of methylene blue and parabens greatly augmented antibacterial properties. Ash Access sponsored a randomized clinical trial in 400 dialysis patients with tunneled CVC, and this showed a significant decrease in incidence of catheter‐related bloodstream infection (CRBSI) defined by stringent criteria. The FDA decided that the study missed its primary endpoint, and that the product was mis‐classified, so they did not give approval to market. The licensee decided not to appeal to the decision to the physician panel and ended support of the project. Rights to market the catheter lock eventually returned to Ash Access.
Immigrants and exports: Firm‐level evidence from Canada
Authors: Cardoso Miguel , Ramanarayanan Ananth
Published: July 2022

We examine how immigrant employment enhances trade at the firm level using unique administrative matched employer–employee data from Canada. We augment a standard model of firms' export market entry and sales decisions with trade costs that depend on destination‐specific immigrant employment at the firm level. We estimate simple structural equations derived from the model that relate destination‐specific exporting decisions to immigrant employment. We develop a method to deal with the potential endogeneity of immigrant employment that exploits the optimality conditions associated with the firm's employment decision. We find positive and statistically significant effects of firm‐level immigrant employment on exporting. These effects vary with product type and immigrant employee characteristics in ways consistent with the idea that immigrant employees alleviate information barriers to trade.
Photodistributed eruptive telangiectasias: an uncommon adverse drug reaction. A retrospective case series
Authors: Vaccaro Mario , Di Bartolomeo Luca , Borgia Francesco , Longo Caterina , Vaccaro Federico , Gangemi Sebastiano , Lentini Maria , Caradonna Emanuela
Published: July 2022

Drug-induced photodistributed telangiectasia (PT) is a cutaneous adverse effect (AE) resulting from the interaction of ultraviolet radiation with pharmacotherapy. Reports of PT in the literature are scarce. We report 25 cases of drug-induced PT highlighting the potential relationship between the onset of skin lesions, drug intake and photo exposure. We alert practitioners that PT is a possible dermatological phototoxic AE of many drugs.
Desarrollo de una Réplica Táctil Para Experiencias Inclusivas de Artefactos Religiosos
Authors: Sánchez Allegue Paloma , Melendreras Ruiz Rafael , Marín Torres María Teresa
Published: July 2022

El objetivo principal de este artículo es introducir una primera experiencia inclusiva en un museo convencional que hasta ahora solo exhibe esculturas religiosas y su evaluación por personas ciegas y discapacitados visuales. Por este motivo, se decidió desarrollar una experiencia multisensorial dirigida a personas ciegas y discapacitados visuales, aprovechando el potencial de las nuevas tecnologías de escaneo e impresión 3D. La experiencia se centra en una réplica táctil del busto del Cristo de la Sangre, una obra maestra del barroco muy venerada en Murcia. Se muestra el proceso completo del desarrollo de la réplica, forma de diseño y fabricación, combinando tecnología y tradición. Además del sentido del tacto, la experiencia incorpora descripciones de audio detalladas y olores, para proporcionar información adicional valiosa. Además, las tecnologías radio móviles, como las balizas, se utilizan con fines de orientación. Las personas ciegas y discapacitados visuales juegan un papel activo en este proyecto, tanto en el diseño como en la validación de las experiencias.
Deltagelse og æstetiske oplevelser på kunstmuseet? En Fænomenologisk Analyse
Authors: Høffding Simon , Rung Mette , Roald Tone , Høffding Ditte
Published: July 2022

Resumé

På museer står deltagelse i dag helt centralt. Brugerne inviteres til at være aktive, indgå i aktiviteter, tale sammen og skabe sammen. Selvom vi hilser denne deltagelsesagenda velkommen som et initiativ, der demokratiserer kunstmuseerne og gør dem relevante for flere mennesker, så argumenterer vi i denne artikel for, at deltagelse også påvirker kunstoplevelsen på en måde, der risikerer at overse en væsentligt dimension ved at opleve kunst. Baseret på kvalitative og fænomenologisk inspirerede interviews med museumsbesøgende præsenterer vi en skitse af denne form for æstetisk oplevelse. Vi diskuterer hvordan der bør tages hensyn til disse oplevelser, både i kurateringspraksis, formidlingen og i diskussionen af formålet med kunstmuseet i dag.
外文版介绍
Authors:   Translation 董勇英
Published: July 2022

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The Real‐WorldObservational Prospective Study of Health Outcomes with Dulaglutide and Liraglutide in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes (TROPHIES): Patient disposition, clinical characteristics and treatment persistence at 12 months
Authors: Guerci Bruno , Giorgino Francesco , Sapin Hélène , Boye Kristina , Lebrec Jérémie , Federici Marco Orsini , Heitmann Elke , Dib Anne , Füchtenbusch Martin , García‐Pérez Luis‐Emilio
Published: July 2022

Aims

The primary objective of the TROPHIES observational study is to estimate the duration of treatment on dulaglutide or liraglutide without a significant treatment change by 24 months in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) initiating their first injectable treatment with these glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonists (GLP‐1 RAs). This manuscript presents 12‐month interim data.

Materials and Methods

TROPHIES is a prospective, non‐comparative, observational study of patients with T2D in Europe, naïve to injectable antihyperglycaemic treatments and initiating dulaglutide or liraglutide. Data on clinical characteristics, GLP‐1 RA persistence and treatment patterns of glucose‐lowering medication were collected at initiation of first injectable therapy and by 12 months.

Results

By 12 months, 1014 dulaglutide and 991 liraglutide patients were eligible across France, Germany and Italy. Both cohorts presented a high probability [95% confidence interval (CI)] of GLP‐1 RA persistence [dulaglutide, 0.88 (0.86 to 0.90); liraglutide, 0.83 (0.80 to 0.85)] and reduction in mean glycated haemoglobin percentage (95% CI) from baseline [dulaglutide, −1.18 (−1.27 to −1.08); liraglutide, −1.15 (−1.26 to −1.05)] with 48.2% of dulaglutide and 41.2% of liraglutide patients reaching their individualized glycated haemoglobin percentage target set by the physician at baseline. Mean weight (95% CI) change from baseline was −3.2 kg (−3.6 to −2.8) for dulaglutide and −3.4 kg (−3.9 to −3.0) for liraglutide. Slight changes in concomitant medications were observed compared with baseline.

Conclusions

In the real‐world setting, dulaglutide and liraglutide cohorts achieved good persistence with similarly improved glycaemic control that was accompanied by weight loss at 12 months, consistent with previous clinical trial results.
Characteristics of vineyard soils derived from Plio‐Quaternary landforms (raña or rañizo) in southern Europe
Authors: Jiménez‐Ballesta Raimundo , Bravo Sandra , García‐Pradas Jesús , Pérez‐de‐los‐Reyes Caridad , Amorós Jose A. , García‐Navarro Francisco J.
Published: July 2022

Soil is an essential component in viticulture. The study reported here concerns the assessment of the morphology chemical and physicochemical features of typical, well‐developed and representative evolved Mediterranean soils near Anchuras (Spain, southern Europe), a site with soils that developed on old landforms (Plio‐Quaternary) called ‘raña’ and/or ‘rañizo’. The soils under study were described and sampled by conducting soil surveys. Selected soil properties, such as texture, bulk density, pH, electrical conductivity (EC), cation exchange capacity (CEC) and contents of organic matter, nutrients, etc., were analysed using standard procedures. The results showed that these landscape surfaces were, linked with specific soil properties such as low pH (from 4.4 to 5.3) and EC (from 0.15 to 0.02 dSm−1), clay contents (20.1%–48.8%), high CEC (26–39 cmol/kg), and low base saturation values (from 11.2% to 17.2%), and have an adequate and singular pedological potential in relation to the ‘terroir’ or ‘terron’ concepts that meet suitability criteria. Furthermore, the information provided by this study, fundamentally through the weathering indices, supports the role of soil‐forming factors and their influence on soil properties. In addition, as these landforms and underlying materials have abundant and extensive rock fragments, the role of these soils in the context of vineyard growth and development has been investigated.

Highlights

There are unknown conceptual zones that support production of wine

This study highlights the importance and uniqueness of vineyard soils linked to old plioquaternary surfaces.

Pedogeomorphologic vineyard constraints can serve as a basis for implementing a PDO

The association soils‐old surfaces can contribute to the identity and reputation of a viticultural zone
Nusinersen in adult patients with 5q spinal muscular atrophy: A multicenter observational cohorts' study
Authors: Vázquez‐Costa Juan F. , Povedano Mónica , Nascimiento‐Osorio Andrés E. , Moreno Escribano Antonio , Kapetanovic Garcia Solange , Dominguez Raul , Exposito Jessica M. , González Laura , Marco Carla , Medina Castillo Julita , Muelas Nuria , Natera de Benito Daniel , Ñungo Garzón Nancy Carolina , Pitarch Castellano Inmaculada , Sevilla Teresa , Hervás David
Published: July 2022

Background and purpose

The aim was to assess the safety and efficacy of nusinersen in adult 5q spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) patients.

Methods

Patients older than 15 years and followed for at least 6 months with one motor scale (Hammersmith Functional Motor Scale Expanded, HFMSE; Revised Upper Limb Module, RULM) in five referral centers were included. The clinical and patients' global impression of change (CGI‐C and PGI‐C) were recorded in treated patients at the last visit. Functional scales (Egen Klassification, EK2; Revised Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Functional Rating Scale, ALSFRS‐R) and the percentage predicted forced vital capacity were collected when available.

Results

Seventy‐nine SMA patients (39 treated with nusinersen) were included. Compared with untreated patients, treated patients showed a significant improvement of 2 points (±0.46) in RULM (p < 0.001) after 6 months. After a mean follow‐up of 16 months, nusinersen treatment was associated with a significant improvement in HFMSE (odds ratio [OR] 1.15, p = 0.006), the 6‐min walk test (OR = 1.07, p < 0.001) and the EK2 (OR = 0.81, p = 0.001). Compared with untreated patients, more treated patients experienced clinically meaningful improvements in all scales, but these differences were statistically significant only for RULM (p = 0.033), ALSFRS‐R (p = 0.005) and EK2 (p < 0.001). According to the CGI‐C and PGI‐C, 64.1% and 61.5% of treated patients improved with treatment. Being a non‐sitter was associated with less response to treatment, whilst a longer time of treatment was associated with better response. Most treated patients (77%) presented at least one adverse event, mostly mild.

Conclusions

Nusinersen treatment is associated with some improvements in adult SMA patients. Most severely affected patients with complex spines are probably those with the most unfavorable risk–benefit ratio.
Welcome aboard: are birds migrating across the Mediterranean Sea using ships as stopovers during adverse weather conditions?
Authors: Sarà Maurizio , Firmamento Roberto , Cangemi Giuseppe , Pagano Luca , Genovese Martina , Romeo Teresa , Greco Silvestro
Published: July 2022

Birds use stopovers during migration to interrupt endurance flight in order to minimize immediate and/or future fitness costs. Stopovers on ships is considered an exceptional and anecdotal event in the ornithological literature. This does not match the experience we had in the summer of 2021, during an oceanographic campaign in the Central Mediterranean, when we regularly observed on average 2.8 birds, of at least 13 species, stopping on board during the 25 days of the campaign. The median stopping time was 42 min, ranging from a few minutes to overnight stays on board. The probability of finding a bird stopping aboard increased with wind force and cloud cover. Birds also stopped more often in a headwind and did not stop when the wind came from different directions other than the headwind. The Central Mediterranean is one of the busiest sea routes in the world, combining the mean daily number of birds on board with the thousands of ships that pass through it during the 3 months of summer migration; we estimate that nearly 4 million birds could use ships as stopover sites. This behaviour may represent a modern‐day strategy that uses ships as stopovers in the event of adverse weather conditions or could act as an ecological trap, increasing the mortality of migrants. This phenomenon deserves more research attention and further studies recording body condition and tagging of individuals on board would be informative.
Seabuckthorn seed protein concentrate: a novel seed protein; emulsifying properties as affected by ultrasonication and enzymatic hydrolysis
Authors: Khan Zakir Showkat , Sodhi Navdeep Singh , Fayaz Shemilah , Wani Sajad Ahmad , Bhat Mohammad Sayeed , Mishra Hari Niwas , Bakshi Rayees Ahmad , Dar B. N. , Dhillon Bhavnita
Published: July 2022

The study investigated the influence of ultrasonication and enzymatic hydrolysis on emulsifying properties of Seabuckthorn seed protein concentrate (SSPC). Sonication was done at 24 kHz (50% amplitude) for different time combinations (15, 45 and 75 min), and enzymatic hydrolysis of SSPC was done using pepsin, trypsin and protamex, resulting in different SSPC emulsions. All the emulsions were characterised to ascertain the particle size distribution, pH stability, temperature stability and rheology. Hydrolysed SSPC was also characterised for the respective degree of hydrolysis by pepsin, trypsin and protamex. The pepsin revealed the highest degree of hydrolysis among the proteases, followed by trypsin and protamex. The ultrasonicated SSPC and SSPC hydrolysate emulsions showed unimodal particle size distribution except for pepsin hydrolysate emulsions which showed bimodal size distribution of particles. The variation in pH from 2 to 5 increased the particle size, while at higher pH (7–10), the particle size decreased for all the emulsions. The increase in temperature from 25°C to 85 °C increased the droplet size of all the emulsions except for protamex at 75 min, which showed a relatively smaller droplet size than other proteases. All the emulsions displayed shear thinning behaviour, however, the pepsin‐treated emulsions showed the highest consistency index and K‐value. The resulting ultrasonicated and different protease‐treated SSPC emulsions can be suitable green and nontoxic alternatives to synthetic emulsifiers used in the food industry.
Effect of financial services access on health services utilisation among rural older adults in Ghana
Authors: Asante Dennis , Asante Bismark , Addai Bismark , Agyemang‐Duah Williams , Ankrah Twumasi Martinson
Published: July 2022

This study explored the effect of access to financial services on rural older adults' health services utilisation. A cross‐sectional survey design was adopted to gather data (N = 310; mean age = 66.13 years and standard deviation [SD] = 24.72) in selected rural communities in Ghana. We applied endogenous treatment Poisson regression (ETPR), an econometrics model that accounts for self‐selection bias, to estimate the association between access to financial services and the use of health services. Findings revealed that education, internet use, club membership, employment status, proximity to financial institution (FI) and regional location were associated with access to financial services. Importantly, access to financial services was associated with increased health services use. The study results suggest that access to financial services may help increase the use of health services among rural older adults in Ghana.
Immunogenicity and safety of two doses of SARS‐CoV‐2 mRNA vaccine in kidney transplant recipients with low‐dose rituximab
Authors: Takai Satoshi , Nishida Hayato , Ito Hiromi , Fukuhara Hiroki , Nawano Takaaki , Narisawa Takafumi , Kanno Hidenori , Yagi Mayu , Yamagishi Atsushi , Sakurai Toshihiko , Naito Sei , Kato Tomoyuki , Morikane Keita , Tsuchiya Norihiko
Published: July 2022

Objectives

We evaluated whether the treatment history of low‐dose rituximab affected safety profiles, and humoral and cellular responses induced by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 messenger ribonucleic acid vaccine in healthy controls and kidney transplant recipients.

Methods

We enrolled 10 healthcare workers as controls, 22 kidney transplant recipients with rituximab, and 36 kidney transplant recipients without rituximab without history of coronavirus disease 2019 who received two doses of vaccine. We assessed anti‐severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 spike antibody and the antigen‐specific T cells using enzyme‐linked immunospot against spike protein at baseline and after two doses of vaccine.

Results

All controls showed anti‐severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 antibody seroconversion and enzyme‐linked immunospot positivity. Only 19/58 (33%) kidney transplant recipients experienced anti‐severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 antibody seroconversion and 31/58 (53%) kidney transplant recipients developed enzyme‐linked immunospot assay positivity after vaccination. The anti‐severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 antibody seroconversion rate and enzyme‐linked immunospot assay positivity rate after vaccination were not significantly different between kidney transplant recipients with or without rituximab. Multivariate regression analysis demonstrated rituximab was not associated with a lack of humoral and cellular responses to the vaccine.

Conclusions

Low‐dose rituximab in kidney transplant recipients did not affect humoral or cellular responses to the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 messenger ribonucleic acid vaccine without severe systemic adverse events including the deterioration of kidney function.
Translation and cultural adaptation of the fundamentals of care framework: Are we there yet?
Authors: Muntlin Åsa , Jangland Eva
Published: July 2022

Aim

This paper aims to explore and describe the translation and cultural adaptation of the Fundamentals of Care framework to a Swedish context, and highlight the need for a translated version.

Design

An exploratory, descriptive approach was adopted.

Methods

A structured forward‐backward translation process and cultural adaptation were used, considering situation and recipient as recommended for such process. Data such as literature and documents were collected during 2019–2021. The authors took systematic steps in collaboration with a strategic sample of experts: professional language service providers, clinicians, educators and a linguist.

Results

The framework was mainly translated verbatim. A few fundamental care elements were adjusted to the Swedish language, context and clinical practice. Also, this work clarified the relational elements to be coherently seen as nursing actions. Addressing the need for a translated version was illustrated in activities in research, education and clinical practice.

Conclusion

This paper highlights the importance of translating the Fundamentals of Care framework into a country's native language to gain acceptance and application there. Sharing the framework's translated version impacts nursing science, generating a consistent language in the development and conducting of research for the comparison and transferability or generalizability of findings. Together with a cultural adaptation, the translated framework can support and guide researchers, educators and nursing leaders in articulating fundamental nursing care for enacting change. By disseminating the first Swedish version of the framework we encourage a global discussion and sharing of examples of translation and cultural adaptation by others.

Impact

The framework's English version has limitations in various context. This paper shows a systematic translation and cultural adaptation process of the framework. We proclaim that this is necessary for nursing leaders and nurses to be able to apply it in guiding nursing practice and leading change.
Analysis of the gut microbiome of susceptible and resistant honeybees (Apis cerana) against sacbrood virus disease
Authors: Kim Chaerin , Kim Jin‐Myung , Choi Heeyun , Choi Yong‐Soo , Jin Byung‐Rae , Lee Kwang‐Sik , Choi Kihyuck
Published: July 2022

The global decline in the population of wild bees has raised serious concerns, as bees are key pollinators that contribute to the sustainability of agriculture. Especially alarming, are the millions of managed bees in Korea that have recently disappeared. Although many abiotic and biotic stresses influence their physiology and behaviour, the causes of these declines have not been thoroughly elucidated. In recent studies, bee gut microbiota was found to play an important role in pathogen defence. We hypothesized that the gut microbiome of honeybees (Apis cerana) resistant (RH and RR) and susceptible (RL) to sacbrood virus disease may differ. To compare the gut bacterial communities of resistant and susceptible bees, alpha diversity and beta diversity analyses were performed. The analysis of alpha diversity revealed that RH had significantly higher Shannon diversity index values than RL. Beta diversity analysis showed that the gut bacterial community of RH was significantly different from that of RL. Four bacterial phyla were identified, and proteobacteria was the most abundant across all samples. Additionally, three operational taxonomic units (OTUs) belonging to Pasteurellales, Burkholderiales, and Pseudomonadales were identified only in RL. In conclusion, the gut bacterial community was significantly different between resistant and susceptible bees, and this difference may contribute to disease resistance.