bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analisis Kewiralembagaan Desa Wisata dalam Pengembangan Desa Wisata Kedang Ipil
Authors: Sucipto Adi , Zulkifli Zulkifli
Published: August 2021

Kedang Ipil officially became a Tourism Village in 2016. The main advantages are natural Waterfall and Cultural Arts. Readiness in the face of competition needs to be supported by such things as adequate infrastructure, good marketing, and, most importantly, institutional governance. The purpose of this study is to determine the institutional process, the relationship between actors and structures that occur in the development activities of Kedang Ipil Tourism Village. To describe institutional opportunities and arrange elements of tourism village institutional governance to be able and ready to face both local and global competitions. Based on the Institutional Entrepreneurial Task quadrant analysis, the Kedang Ipil Tourism village institution belongs in the third quadrant. The function and formation are already available, but they don't function properly. Tourism management that moves to social enterprises requires actors to be more innovative in organizing tourist destinations, starting from marketing, services, formulating tour packages, even creating new attractions so that existing institutions can run effectively and efficiently so it will affect to the residents’ welfare.

Keywords: Institutional Entrepreneurship, Sustainability, Village Tourism
Partisipasi Masyarakat Lokal dalam Pengembangan Kawasan Wisata Geopark Batur di Kintamani Kabupaten Bangli
Authors: Wiramatika I Gede , Sunarta I Nyoman , Anom I Putu
Published: August 2021

This study aims to examine the participation of local communities in the development of the Batur Geopark tourist area in Kintamani, Bangli Regency regarding the participation of local communities in the development of the Batur Geopark tourist area, the obstacles faced by local communities in the development of the Batur Geopark tourist area, and the efforts made by the Government in developing the tourist area Batur Geopark. In this study the data collected through interviews, observations, literature studies, documentation studies, and the Community then analyzed the data using qualitative descriptive data analysis techniques. The presentation of data analysis in this study was carried out qualitatively through verbal delivery with interpretative descriptive techniques. The results of this study indicate that in the development of the Batur Geopark tourist area there are still several obstacles faced in its development. The government's efforts in developing the Batur Geopark tourist area are: the formation of a tourism awareness group, tightening permits for facility construction, establishing a management agency, procuring tourism facilities, improving the road infrastructure, structuring material excavation at the foot of Mount Batur, holding promotions, and providing tourism training. The forms of community participation in the development of the Batur Geopark tourist area are: preserving the biodiversity of flora and fauna, building tourism facilities, developing the typical Kintamani major culinary, cultural preservation, taking jobs in the tourism sector, nature conservation, and the formation of security officers.

Keywords: Community Participation, Tourism Development, Geopark
Dampak Sosial Budaya Pariwisata: Studi Kasus Desa Wisata Pulesari dan Desa Ekowisata Pancoh
Authors: Rohani Elisa Dwi , Irdana Nuryuda
Published: August 2021

Tourism can be seen not only as an economic phenomenon, but also as a socio-cultural phenomenon. Tourism is a phenomenon of cultural interaction which ultimately affects the cultural changes and behavior of local people as tourism actors. This study aims to provide a different picture related to the impact of tourism by presenting an overview of the socio-cultural life of the community after tourism activities in tourist villages. In this study using a comparative study method. The positive impacts that occur between the two villages are very different in social aspects, namely: 1) The spirit of the community that naturally awakens in the Pulesari tourist village, 2) strengthening organization (strengthening the organization), 3) the emergence of leaders (the emergence of leaders). While the negative impacts from the social aspect include 1) the impact that occurs in the community (Community Division) 2) social problems (social problems) related to drugs or prostitution, 3) Conflicts begin to emerge in the form of the emergence of new tourist villages that carry the same concept. Cultural events that occur include 1) preservation of local culture (preservation of local culture), 2) exchange of information between hosts and guests regarding village potential, arts, traditions, customs, patterns, patterns of life and culture that lead to deeper interactions. While the negative impacts that occur include 1) commercialization of culture, 2) imitating other cultures (imitating other cultures).

Keywords: Impact, Socio-cultural, Tourism, Tourism Village
E-Service Quality Hotel Pangeran Pekanbaru Pada Website Traveloka
Authors: Wardiyanti Ervina , Purwandani Intan
Published: August 2021

Hotel Pangeran Pekanbaru is a 4-star hotel in Pekanbaru City which uses several Online Travel Agent (OTA) companies as online reservation media, with one of the highest reservation comes from Traveloka. The purpose of this study is to assess the electronic quality service of Traveloka’s website as an online reservation media at Hotel Pangeran Pekanbaru. The six dimensions of e-service quality by Tsang et al. (2010) include: (1) Website Function; (2) Quality and Information Content; (3) Need Fulfillment and Responsiveness; (4) Safety and Security; (5) Appearance and Presentation; and (6) Customer Relationships are implemented as a measure of the quality of an OTA's electronic service. This research is a descriptive quantitative study using data collection methods of survey and online questionnaire as a research tool. Online questionnaires were distributed to 100 guests of Hotel Pangeran Pekanbaru who had made online reservations through the Traveloka website. The results of this study indicate that the respondents' perceptions of Traveloka website’s e-service quality as an online reservation media for Hotel Pangeran Pekanbaru were classified as "high" with an average score of 3.56. Although the overall value of e-service quality on the Traveloka website is classified as "high", at the e-service quality value from the respondent's profile perspective, there is a minority group of 1% who answered that the quality of electronic services was in the "medium" category.

Keywords: electronic service quality, online travel agent, Traveloka, online reservation, online booking
Strategi Bisnis Primebiz Hotel Surabaya Menghadapi Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Salim Michelle Vebby Tanzil , Satrya I Dewa Gde , Anshori Mohamad Yusak
Published: August 2021

The Covid-19 pandemic has a negative impact on the tourism and hospitality sector, one of which is PrimeBiz Hotel Surabaya (PHS). The lack of income for the hotel forces hotel management to think creatively and make the right decisions to maintain hotel operations. This study aims to describe the strategies that PHS has implemented during the Covid-19 pandemic. The research method was carried out qualitatively, the data were obtained through structured interviews with key informants from management, marketing experts, hospitality experts and PHS consumers. The conclusion of this study are; first, the Covid-19 pandemic makes PHS management have to weigh income and expenditure to be balanced. Second, the marketing strategy implemented by PHS is to maximize the use of social media for all employees. Third, the strategy carried out by PHS is to continue to implement a multitasking system, employees must be able to innovate and make adjustments to conditions that occur in the future.

Keywords: business strategy, hotel, Covid-19
Pengaruh Perceived Ease of Use, Perceived of Usefulness dan Financial Risk Terhadap Intention to Use Pada Booking.com di Kabupaten Badung
Authors: Pitanatri Made Uttari , Wijaya NMS
Published: August 2021

Online reservation has been gives a easiest way for the tourist interm of booking an accomodation. Ease of use, and perceived of usefullness has been considered as a fundamental concern on decision making in using the online system. Booking.com is one of the online system that frequently used by the tourist. The study aimed to eximine the charasteristic of booking.com user, the effect of perceived ease of use, perceived of usefulness and financial risk om intention to use in Badung Regency. To investigate the hypotheses of the research, data was collected from booking.com user in Badung Regency. A survey was conducted with a sample size of 65 tourist and analized by multiple regresion analysis. The study revealed that perceived ease of use, perceived of usefulness and financial risk positively affect intention to use.

Keywords: financial risk, intention to us, perceived ease of use and perceived of usefulness
Kreativitas Netizen dalam Strategi Pemasaran Restoran untuk Menarik Wisatawan (Studi Kasus Restoran Hotel Best Western Premier La Grande Bandung)
Authors: Sukarana Murdiani , Anas Muhammad
Published: August 2021

The aim of this research is to explain the role of hotels in promoting their restaurants and create new ideas on the resources owned by hotels to develop marketing techniques with digital and contemporary channels. The research was conducted at the Restaurant Best Western Premiere La Grande Bandung. This research is a qualitative research with data and analysis results presented in the form of descriptions through observation methods, in-dept interviews, and documentation. Data analysis technique with steps; data processing, data analysis, and interpretation of data analysis results. The result of this research is that marketing media through the internet (digital promotion) has a very significant effect on visitors to the Best Western Premiere La Grande Hotel Restaurant, Bandung. Among the online media used by restaurant management, Instagram has the greatest impact on promotional results to visitors. Consecutively the role of digital media in marketing results, namely 45% of the Instagram hashtag, 32% of the website and 23% of the e-brochure. Thus the digital marketing strategy has a high level of effectiveness in introducing hotels in general and specifically at the Restaurant Hotel Best Western La Grande Bandung.

Keywords: marketing strategy, creativity, netizen
Perkembangan Wisata Halal di Korea Selatan (Studi Kasus Perspektif Masyarakat Indonesia di Korea Selatan)
Authors: Firstantin Theresia Avila Rencidiptya Gitanati , Hasanah Ummul
Published: August 2021

The large number of tourists, students, and Muslim migrant workers in South Korea has prompted the South Korean government to start developing various kinds of halal tourism programs. These programs are very interesting and helpful for tourists, students and Muslim migrant workers to visit or live in South Korea. To find out the extent of the development of halal tourism in South Korea, this study was conducted using a descriptive -quantitative method with Indonesian people in South Korea as the object of this research. The object of this study was selected because of the large number of tourists, students, and Indonesian workers in South Korea and the majority of them as Muslim can represent other Muslim communities in South Korea. The results of this study indicate that Muslim-friendly facilities such as halal restaurants, halal food shopping applications, mosques, and prayer rooms in South Korea are quite numerous and scattered in various cities. This is certainly welcomed positively by tourists and the Muslim communities in South Korea. However, there are several things that Korean government still needs to pay attention to, especially related to the socialization of halal food that there is a standardization and process in it.

Keywords: Halal Tourism, South Korea, Tourism, Halal Korea, Halal Food
Pengaruh Electronic Word of Mouth (EWOM) Terhadap Brand Image, Trust dan Keputusan Berkunjung ke Kampung Tridi Malang
Authors: Wiryokusumo Monica Yohana Putri , Wiranatha Agung Suryawan , Suryawardani I Gusti Ayu Oka
Published: August 2021

Electronic word of mouth (EWOM) is quite effective in increasing the decision to visit tourist destinations. Indirectly, electronic word of mouth has an important role in forming a brand image, so there is a need for a good brand image to increase trust so that tourist visits can increase. The purpose of this research are to (1) to analyze the effect of the Electronic Word of Mouth on brand image, trust and the decision to visit in Kampung Tridi Malang, (2) to analyze the influence of brand image on the decision to visit in Kampung Tridi Malang, and (3) to analyze the effect of trust on decisions. visited Kampung Tridi Malang. This study uses SEM (Structural Equation Modeling) analysis using the SmartPLS 3.0 student version software. The data collection instrument used a questionnaire with 100 respondents. The distribution of questionnaires was carried out by purposive sampling to domestic tourists. The results of this research indicate that 1) electronic word of mouth has a significant effect on brand image, (2) electronic word of mouth has a significant effect on trust, (3) electronic word of mouth has a significant effect on visiting decisions, (4) brand image has a significant effect on trust. decision to visit and (5) trust has a significant effect on the decision to visit 6) electronic word of mouth has a significant effect on the decision to visit through brand image 7) electronic word of mouth has a significant effect on the decision to visit through trust. The influence of EWOM on the decision to visit is quite strong so that it can be considered for the managers of Kampung Tridi Malang to further develop marketing using social media.

Keywords: Electronic Word of Mouth, Brand Image, Trust, Visit Decision, Kampung Tridi Malang
ÇOCUKLARDA ERKEN DOĞUM VE DÜŞÜK DOĞUM AĞIRLIĞININ ERKEN ÇOCUKLUK ÇAĞI ÇÜRÜKLERİ ÜZERİNE ETKİLERİ
Authors: ÖZ Esra , KIRZIOĞLU Zuhal
Published: August 2021

Amaç: Erken çocukluk çağı çürükleri, okul öncesi çocuklarda yaygın olarak görülen, çocukların büyüme ve gelişimini etkileyen önemli bir halk sağlığı sorunudur. Bu çalışmada, 28-71 ay aralığında erken çocukluk çağı çürüklerine sahip çocuklarda ağız-diş sağlığının değerlendirilerek, düşük doğum ağırlığı ve erken doğumun diş çürükleri üzerine etkilerinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır.Gereç ve Yöntemler: Çalışmamıza, Pedodonti Anabilim Dalına başvuran yaşları 28-71 ay arasında değişen erken çocukluk çağı çürüklerine sahip 420 hasta dâhil edilmiştir. Hastaların ağız içi muayeneleri yapılarak, çürük (d), çürük nedeniyle çekilmiş (m), dolgulu (f) dişler (t) değerlendirilmeye alınmıştır. Bu değerlerin; yaş, cinsiyet, doğum ağırlığı, doğum haftası, diş fırçalama sıklıkları, ebeveyn eğitim seviyeleri ile olan ilişkileri incelenmiştir. Elde edilen veriler istatistiksel olarak analiz edilmiştir.Bulgular: Yaşları ortalaması 54.41±10.46 ay olan 195’i kız ve 225’i erkek toplam 420 hasta çalışma grubumuzu oluşturmuştur. Ortalama dmft değeri 8.02±4.20 olarak belirlenmiştir. Erken doğan ve düşük doğum ağırlıklı çocuklar ile zamanında doğan normal doğum ağırlıklı çocuklar arasında ortalama d, dmft, dmfs değerleri bakımından istatistiksel olarak anlamlı ilişki bulunmamıştır (p>0.05). Yaşın artmasıyla birlikte ortalama d değerinin azaldığı, m, f değerlerinin arttığı belirlenirken, yaş ile ortalama f değeri arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı ilişki bulunmuştur (p=0.004).Sonuç: Çalışmamızda, erken doğum ve düşük doğum ağırlığının erken çocukluk çağı çürükleri üzerine etkileri olmadığı görülmesine karşın, geniş örneklem büyüklüğünde doğum haftası ve doğum ağırlığının gruplandırılarak yapılacak olan çalışmaların daha net sonuçlar verebileceği düşünülmektedir. Erken çocukluk çağı çürüklerinin kontrol altına alınabilmesi için hamilelik döneminden başlayarak eğitici ve koruyucu hizmetlere ağırlık verilmesi gerekmektedir.
USABILITY AND PATIENT ACCEPTANCE OF PREFILLED OR REUSABLE INSULIN PENS
Authors: KALAN SARI Işılay , DEMİRCİ Hüseyin
Published: August 2021

Objective: Adherence to insulin therapy is poor in diabetic patients. Insulin pens with many different features have been developed to increase patient satisfaction and compliance to treatment. In our study, we aimed to investigate the usability and acceptance of prefilled or reusable insulin pens.Material and Methods: One hundred and twenty-six patients with a mean age of 55.3±11.1 years were included. Eighty-nine (71%) patients were female. Sixty-three patients were in prefilled pen group. A questionnaire was used to assess patients’ opinions about their use of insulin pens. Glycemic control parameters, demographic characteristics, treatment protocol and microvascular complications were recorded.Results: There was no significant difference between the two groups for age (p=0.3), gender (p=0.1), educational status (p=0.6), duration of diabetes (p=0.8), duration of insulin therapy (p=0.2) and mean insulin dose (p=0.1). Ease of use (p=0.8), ergonomics (p=0.3), ease of dose selection (p=0.6), ease of reading the dose scale (p=0.3) did not significantly differ when two groups were compared. Only the number of patients who found to change the needle as 'moderately difficult' was significantly higher in the prefilled pen group (p=0.04).Conclusion: The applicability of the treatment and patient satisfaction is as important as the treatment given to the patients. However we did not find any important difference between prefilled or reusable pen device in terms of usability and patient satisfaction.
ERRORS IN THE EMERGENCY ASSESSMENT OF PEDIATRIC HEAD TRAUMA DURING THE CORONAVIRUS PANDEMIC: A REPORT OF TWO CASES
Authors: YÜCEL Engin , KÖKSAL Ali , AKPINAR Gökhan , KESKİL İsmail Semih
Published: August 2021

The coronavirus pandemic has posed a challenge to health-care workers, who are at high risk for exposure to the disease. However, they also face the risk of infection due to the presence of asymptomatic carriers. The aim of this study was to demonstrate the necessity of a standard radiography protocol for fracture surveillance and good history taking and physical and neurological examinations, especially in pediatric patients with minor head injuries and negative routine non-contrast computed tomography results. We think that abandoning radiography in minor head-injury assessments is not right at the moment. Head injuries can be safely managed using a combination of skull radiography and three-dimensional reconstruction and thin-slice bone-imaging window computed tomography.
VENA SAFENA MAGNANIN ANATOMİK VARYASYONU DERİN VEN TROMBOZU İÇİN BİR RİSK FAKTÖRÜ MÜDÜR?
Authors: BOLAT Ali , GÜLTEKİN Yıldırım
Published: August 2021

Amaç: Bu retrospektif çalışmanın amacı, vena safena magnanın, anatomik varyasyonunun femoral ven trombozuna olan etkisini araştırmaktır.Gereç ve Yöntemler: Bu çalışma Kırıkkale Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Hastanesi Kalp ve Damar Cerrahisi Kliniğinde Ocak 2017 ve Ağustos 2019 tarihleri arasında takip ve tedavi edilen femoral ven trombozu tanısı olan hastalarda yapıldı. Hastaların demografik özellikleri, venöz renkli Doppler ultrasonografi raporları ve eşlik eden hastalıklar retrospektif olarak incelendi. Vena safena magnanın tipleri, uyluk seviyesinde safen kompartmanındaki yerleşimlerine göre belirlendi.Bulgular: Çalışma ana ve superfisiyal femoral vende derin ven trombozu tanısı konulan 130 hasta üzerinde yapılmıştır. Hastaların 62’si kadın ve 68’i erkekti ve yaşları 16 ile 89 yıl arasında değişmekteydi. Ortalama yaşları ise 55.8±17.3 yıldı. Derin ven trombozu risk faktörlerinden, en sık ileri yaş (%37), en az oral kontraseptif kullanımı (%1.5) gözlendi. On hastada predispozan faktör saptanamadı. Ana ve superfisiyal femoral derin ven trombozu olan hastalarda vena safena magna tiplerinin görülme yüzdeleri normal popülasyona göre aynı bulunmuştur.Sonuç: Çalışmada ana ve superfisiyal femoral derin ven trombozu olan hastalarda vena safena magna varyasyonlarının görülme oranının normal popülasyona göre benzer olduğu saptandı.
BEHÇET SENDROMU BULGULARI İLE MEVSİMLER ARASINDAKİ İLİŞKİ
Authors: PAMUKCU Melih , AYDOGAN BAYKARA Rabia , İZCİ DURAN Tuğba
Published: August 2021

Amaç: Behçet sendromu ülkemizde yaygın olarak görülmekte olan bir hastalıktır ve bu hastalığın tüm komplikasyonlarının ve belirtilerinin şiddetlenmesinin mevsimsel ilişki gösterebileceği düşünülmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı Behçet sendromuna bağlı sistemik tutulumlar ile bu tutulumların mevsimsel ilişkisini incelemektir.Gereç ve Yöntemler: Onsekiz yaşından büyük ve sistemik tutulumu olan 77 hasta bu retrospektif çalışmaya dahil edildi. Hastaların yaşı, cinsiyeti, Behçet sendromu ve sistem tutulumu tarihi bilgileri, C-reaktif protein değeri, eritrosit sedimantasyon hızı, hemoglobin, lökosit, trombosit, nötrofil, lenfosit, albümin, kreatinin değerleri kaydedildi. Behçet sendromuna bağlı sistemik tutulum kaydına ulaşılan hastaların tutulum paternleri, artrit, üveit, derin ven trombozu, üveit + derin ven trombozu, nörobehçet ve enterobehçet olarak gruplara ayrıldı.Bulgular: Hastaların ortalama yaşı 41.6±9.8 yıl iken, 31 (%40) hasta kadındı. Paterji testi pozitifliği 38 (%49) hastada saptandı. Behçet sendromu sistem tutulumlarının dağılımı incelendiğinde 7 hastada artrit, 36 hastada üveit, 8 hastada derin ven trombozu, 14 hastada üveit ve derin ven trombozu birlikte mevcutken, 10 hastada nörobehçet ve 2 hastada enterobehçet mevcuttu. Behçet sendromu tutulumlarının tanı tarihlerinin mevsimlere göre dağılımı incelendiğinde üveit, derin ven trombozu ve bu iki tutulumun birlikte görüldüğü hastaların ilkbahar ve yaz mevsimlerinde sonbahar ve kış mevsimlerine göre daha yüksek oranda tanı aldığı görüldü (p<0.05).Sonuç: Behçet sendromunın sistemik etkilerinin tanı alma dönemlerinin, diğer bir deyişle aktivasyon dönemlerinin mevsimlerle anlamlı şekilde ilişkili olduğu saptandı. Bu ilişkinin diğer otoimmün inflamatuar hastalıklarda olduğu gibi Behçet sendromunun da etiyolojisinde yer alan genetik yatkınlığa eşlik eden çevresel faktör etkisi nedeniyle olduğunu düşündürmektedir ve hastaların takibinde bu ilişki göz önünde bulundurulmalıdır.
ENDOKRİN BOZUCULAR: BİSFONEL-A’NIN SAĞLIK ÜZERİNE ETKİLERİ
Authors: EKER Fatih , GÜNGÜNEŞ Aşkın , ARIKAN DURMAZ Şenay , KISA Üçler
Published: August 2021

Endokrin bozucular, belirli dozlarda endokrin sistemlerini taklit edebilen veya bunlara müdahale edebilen, doğal olarak meydana gelen veya suni maddelerdir. Östrojenik özelliği ve östrojen reseptörü üzerinden etki etmesi nedeniyle, bir endokrin bozucu kimyasal olan özellikle plastik sanayinde kullanılan Bisfenol-A’ya günlük yaşantımızda farkında bile olmadan maruz kalmaktayız. Bisfenol-A’nın insan sağlığı üzerindeki etkileri son günlerde gündemde olup kaygı verici düzeyde olumsuz etkiler keşfedilmiştir. Birçok ülkede olduğu gibi ülkemizde de kullanımına sınırlama getirilse bile bu pratikte pek de mümkün görülmemektedir. Bu derlemede Bisfenol-A’nın özellikle endokrin sistem insülin direnci, obezite, polikistik over sendromu, kardiyovasküler hastalıklar, meme kanseri, abortus ve erken doğum gibi insan sağlığı üzerindeki olumsuz etkileri üzerine dikkat çekmek amaçlanmıştır.
TEKRARLAYAN ATEŞ ATAKLARI: MİRİZZİ SENDROMU OLGU SUNUMU
Authors: TUNA Ayşegül , ÖNAL Canver , ÇALIŞKAN Okan
Published: August 2021

Mirizzi sendromu safra kesesi taşına bağlı gelişen ve nadir görülen bir komplikasyondur. Mirizzi sendromu olan hastanın abdomen cerrahisi sırasında inflame kese ve kese kanalının yaralanma riski olduğu için preoperatif tanı konulması çok önemlidir. Ancak patognomonik görüntüsü olmadığı için, modern görüntüleme tekniklerine rağmen preoperatif tanı konulması zordur. Bu nedenle çoğu zaman intraoperatif tanı koyulur. Tedavisi cerrahidir. Bu yazıda titremeyle yükselen ateş nedeniyle hastaneye başvuran 85 yaşındaki erkek hasta sunulmuştur. Tekrarlayan ateş atakları nedeniyle hastaneye yatırılan hastanın, antibiyotik kullanımı sırasında ateş yüksekliğinin gelişmesi sonucu intravenöz kontrast madde verilerek çekilen magnetik rezonans görüntüleme sonrası hastaya Mirizzi sendromu tanısı konulmuş ve hasta tedavi edilmiştir.
PENGARUH ZAT ADITIF TERHADAP KUAT TEKAN BETON K-225 MENGGUNAKAN BATU BASALT SCORIA
Authors: Sujatmiko Cahya
Published: August 2021

Indonesia is a developing country that is doing a lot of development in all areas such as: the construction of buildings, bridges, dams, canals, and others. Various studies and experiments in the concrete field are carried out as an effort to improve the quality of concrete, material technology and implementation techniques obtained from the results of research and experiments intended to answer the increasingly high demands on the use of concrete and overcome the obstacles that often occur in the implementation work at outdoor. The use of added materials (Admixture) can help solve these problems. The purpose of this study was to determine the extent of the influence of additives on the compressive strength of k-225 concrete using basalt scoria stone. The making of k-225 concrete used cuboid sized molds (15cm x 15cm x 15c) in research into the manufacture of concrete to produce high quality concrete. The research method used was an experimental method conducted at the laboratory of PT. Gig Polah Raya Jl. Lintas Sumatera KM 22 Sukabandung South Lampung, namely by carrying out or physically experimenting on concrete tests, which used additives, as many as 24 test objects, namely 6 without additives and 6 additives 0.45%, and 0.55% and 0.63% and normal compressive strength k-225. The aim is to know the average compressive strength between normal concrete and concrete using a mixture of additives as a reference.
STUDI KARAKTERISTIK PEMILIHAN MODA ANGKUTAN UMUM UNTUK PERJALANAN KAMPUS UNIVERSITAS ISLAM NEGERI RADEN INTAN BANDAR LAMPUNG
Authors: Juwita Farida
Published: August 2021

Transportasi merupakan urat nadi kehidupan sehari-hari dan salah satu kebutuhan pokok masyarakat. Hampir setiap orang memerlukan transportasi untuk memenuhi kebutuhan hidupnya seperti kebutuhan untuk bekerja, sekolah, rekreasi, maupun berinteraksi sosial. Lokasi penelitian yaitu terletak di kampus Universitas Islam Negeri (UIN) Raden Intan Lampung, Lokasi ini merupakan salah satu pusat pendidikan di kota Bandar Lampung. Analisis data dilakukan setelah semua data hasil survei terkumpul. Dalam pengolahan data untuk mengetahui nilai usia, waktu perjalanan, jarak tempuh perjalanan, pekerjaan orang tua terhadap pemilihan moda angkutan umum untuk perjalanan kampus ke Universitas Islam Negeri (UIN) Raden Intan Lampung (UIN) dianalisis dengan menggunakan analisis regresi berganda dan pengolahan data untuk mengetahui pengaruh usia, waktu perjalanan, jarak tempuh perjalanan, pekerjaan orang tua terhadap pemilihan moda angkutan umum. Dari hasil survei perhitungan karakteristik responden tertinggi diketahui bahwa saat ini karakteristik responden tertinggi jenis kelamin Laki-laki (63.3%) dan terendah perempuan (36.7%), alat transportasi angkot (53.1%) dan terendah bus (46.9%), pendidikan terakhir responden tertinggi SMA/MAN/SMK (55.1%) dan terendah Diploma (1%), pekerjaan responden tertinggi karyawan swasta (39.8%) dan terendah Wiraswasta/Petani/Pedagang (13.3%). Biaya Perjalanan tertinggi murah (57.1%) dan terendah Mahal (15.3%) serta Moda Transportasi tertinggi angkot (62.2%) dan terendah bus (37.8%). Maka didapat persamaan regresi Y=-0.098 + 0.451X1 + 0.052X8 + 0.211X10. Dengan nilai koefisien determinasi (R2) sebesar 0.200.
PENGARUH HAMBATAN SAMPING TERHADAP KINERJA RUAS JALAN KI MAJA KOTA BANDAR LAMPUNG
Authors: Anwar Anwar
Published: August 2021

Lampung is the southernmost province on the island of Sumatra, Lampung is the gateway to land and sea transportation from the island of Sumatra to the island of Java. Lampung has a provincial capital, Bandar Lampung. Bandar Lampung, which is the center of the city, certainly does not escape traffic congestion. This location is a trading center area in the city of Bandar Lampung. Ki Maja street is located around the front of the Chamart Way Halim up to the front of the Lampung Bank Halim Way and there are many access roads to the right and left of the road so that in the morning many vehicles enter and exit the access road. In the study of the Effects of Side Barriers on Traffic on Ki Maja street in Bandar Lampung City, a conclusion can be drawn, namely the highest traffic volume of 223.25 smp / hour at 16.00-17.00 WIB. Ki Maja street Bandar Lampung City is 179.2 pcu / hour at 07.00-08.00 WIB. From the results of the highest regression modeling is the combination of Monday and Saturday using the SPSS program obtained a positive regression model on the influence between Monday stop / parking vehicles and Saturday stop / parking vehicles with traffic volume, namely: by 29% on Ki Maja street City Bandar Lampung. Then the regression equation is obtained as follows Y = a + b1X1 + b2X2 = 171,446 + 0.310X1 + 0.407X2 With a coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.290. Keywords: Side Barriers, Road Performance.
ANALISIS EFEKTIVITAS PENGGUNAAN MODA TRANSPORTASI BERBASIS ONLINE
Authors: Makruf Amil
Published: August 2021

Online transportation is generally a private vehicle either a four-wheeled or two- wheeled vehicle which is operationalized as a mode of transportation that orders are made with an online application and aims to facilitate user access. Online transportation has many advantages such as easier booking through the application, relatively lower fares, short travel time and going directly to the destination location. The emergence of online transportation also has a variety of negative impacts, one of which is the unrest between online transportation so that people have the choice of which mode is most appropriate to support their activities. The results of calculations with the SPSS application obtained sig value kurang dari 0.05 and calculated F value of 168.972 greater than 1.97 F table. Based on the results of these calculations it can be concluded that the component factor selection mode significantly influences the mode of online transportation used so that the model can be used simultaneously. Based on the results of the regression test, the calculated T value lebih dari T table is 8.823 lebih dari 0.519 and the value of sig (0.00) kurang dari 0.05, which means that the independent variable (X) affects the dependent variable (Y). This proves that the component mode selection factor influences the mode of transportation chosen by the user. The choice of modes of online transportation both Go-jek and Grab is a benchmark for users of modes to determine the chosen mode to the airport.
ALAT ANGKAT HIDROLIK DONGKRAK BUAYA KAPASITAS 5 TON
Authors: Wisnaningsih Wisnaningsih
Published: August 2021

Alat yang sering digunakan berupa dongkrak. Dongkrak yang digunakan saat ini masih menggunakan cara manual. Penggunaan dongkrak manual membutuhkan tenaga yang cukup besar. Salah satu alternatif untuk memudahkan pemakaian dongkrak dan mengurangi tenaga maka dikembangkan penggabungan dongkrak manual menjadi dongkrak buaya. Untuk menghasilkan rancangan dongkrak buaya untuk mempermudah dalam pekerjaan servis mobil. Langkah pertama adalah mengumpulkan informasi yang kemudian informasi tersebut dituangkan ke dalam suatu desain konsep. Hasil dari perancangan adalah dongkrak buaya, dengan sistem penggerak manual ala tangkat hidrolik dongkrak buaya Kapasitas 5 ton sebagai berku thasil yang diperoleh dari perencanaan alat angkat kendaraan ini, sehingga dapat dilakukan proses pengamatan. Dimensi dan ukuran dari komponen utama alat angkat kendaraan hasil perencanaan yaitu: Rangka atas Panjang (l) = 375 mm lebar (w) = 320 mm diameter pena (d) = 14 mm jarak antara pena (k) = 275 mm. Lengan angkat Panjang (l) = 380 mm lebar (w) = 320 mm diameter pena (d) = 14 mm jarak antara pena (k) = 150 mm. Rangka bawah Panjang (l) = 843 mm lebar (w) = 420 mm diameter pena (d) = 14 mm jarak antara pena (kl) = 275 mm jarak anatara pena (kr) = 655 mm. Lengan penyangga dongkrak Panjang (l) = 250 mm lebar (w) = 190 mm diameter pena (d) = 14 mm. Bushing Panjang (l) = 25 mm diameter dalam (d) = 14 mm diameter luar (d) = 40 mm.
ANALISIS EFISIENSI TERMAL PEMBANGKIT LISTRIK TENAGA UAP (PLTU) TERHADAP PENGARUH NILAI KALORI BATU BARA
Authors: Apriyanto Agus
Published: August 2021

Suatu pembangkit harus mempunyai efisiensi daya yang besar, faktor efisiensi merupakan hal yang sangat penting dan selalu menjadi pembahasan utama di dalam setiap pembangkit listrik. Salah satu hal yang menjadi parameter penting dalam menentukan seberapa besar efisiensi yang telah dihasilkan oleh PLTU adalah efisiensi termal. Efisiensi termal pada penelitian ini diperoleh dengan melakukan perhitungan nilai kalori dan nilai kalori dari batubara yang dipakai serta beberapa parameter lainnya seperti input coal feeder dan output generator dihasilkan dari perangkat boiler dan turbin generator yang dipakai untuk menghasilkan listrik. Dilakukan pula perbandingan perhitungan parameter dengan yang telah dilakukan oleh pihak PLN di Tahun 2013 serta uji analisis untuk mengetahui tingkat signifikansi pengaruh parameter terhadap efisiensi termal yang berhasil dicapai. PLTU dengan Fraksi air kondensat ke kondenser 2363,10 kJ/kg dan kerja pompa total 24,33 kJ/kg serta tekanan boiler 1549,81 MW, kalor yang masuk ke sistem 2196,93 kJ/kg dan daya turbin 706,07 MW serta efisiensi termal rata-rata sebesar 49,16 %.
PENGARUH HASIL PEMBAKARAN BASALT SCORIA SUHU 16000C SEBAGAI FILLER DALAM MORTAR MUTU TINGGI
Authors: Hidayat Ahmad , Ariyanto Lilik
Published: August 2021

Kebutuhan semen di Indonesia meningkat seiring dengan kemajuan pembangunan infrastruktur. Pemenuhan akan kebutuhan bahan baku pembangunan tersebut dibutuhkan sumber mineral yang cukup tinggi. Oleh karena itu perlu adanya inovasi terbaru guna memenuhi kebutuhan bahan baku pembuatan semen dari bahan batu basalt scoria. Pembakaran batu basalt bertujuan untuk mengurai partikel batuan dan menjadikan permukaan lebih halus. Kehalusan permukaan diharapkan dapat meningkatkan kekuatan mortar pada uji kuat tekan. Untuk mengetahui pengaruh pembakaran suhu tinggi batu basalt scoria terhadap kuat tekan maka dilakukan penelitian mengenai pengaruh hasil pembakaran basalt scoria suhu 1600oC sebagai filler dalam mortar mutu tinggi. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Laboraturium PT. Manggung Polah Raya yang beralamat di Jl. Lintas Sumatera KM 22 Sukabandung Lampung Selatan, pelaksanaan penelitian dilakukan secara ekperimental. Benda uji dalam penelitian ini adalah benda uji berbentuk kubus ukuran 5 cm x 5 cm x 5 cm yang menggunakan abu batu hasil pembakaran batu basalt scoria suhu 1600°C dengan kandungan abu batu basalt scoria 0%, 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, dan 5% mengurangi penggunaan semen serta ditambahkan additive naptha 511 prime untuk mengurangi penggunaan air pada semen. Untuk waktu pengujian dilakukan pada umur 3, 7, dan 28 hari. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat diketahui bahwa pembakaran pada suhu 1600oC berpengaruh terhadap tingkat kehalusan agregat batu basalt scoria hingga mencapai modulus kehalusan 0,13786%. Modulus kehalusan memberikan tingkat optimal untuk mendapatkan density dan kekuatan beton maksimum. Kehalusan atau kekasaran agregat dapat mempengaruhi kelecakan dari mortar beton. Penggunaan agregat halus batu basalt scoria pada komposisi penggunaan sebanyak 3% meningkatkan kuat tekan sebesar 200,73kg/cm2 dari beton normal (tanpa menggunakan agregat batu basalt scoria) atau sebesar 64,68%. Kuat tekan beton rata-rata mencapai 41,61 Mpa sehingga masuk pada katgori beton mutu tinggi sesuai standar yang ditetapkan ACI dan SNI.
ANALISIS STRUKTUR DINDING GESER (SHEAR WALL) TERHADAP STABILITAS KONSTRUKSI GEDUNG PERKULIAHAN FAKULTAS KEDOKTERAN UNIVERSITAS LAMPUNG
Authors: Juwita Farida
Published: August 2021

Dinding geser (Shear wall) adalah dinding yang berfungsi sebagai pengaku yang menerus sampai kepondasi dan merupakan dinding inti untuk memperkaku bangunan yang dirancang untuk menahan gaya geser,gaya lateral akibat gempa bumi. Dengan adanya dinding geser (shear wall) yang kaku pada bangunan, sebagian besar beban gempa pada bangunan bertingkat akan terserap oleh dinding tersebut. Bangunan Gedung Perkuliahan Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Lampung merupakan bangunan bertingkat yang di desain dengan menggunakan tambahan kontruksi dinding geser (shear wall). Tujuan penelitian ini mengetahui pengaruh konstruksi dinding geser (shear wall) Terhadap gaya geser dasar statik ekuivalen pada konstruksi gedung perkuliahan fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Lampung,mengetahui apakah kostruksi gedung perkuliahan fakultas kedokteran Universitas Lampung memenuhi syarat terhadap waktu getar alami yang di ijinkan. Bahan beton bertulang, mutu f’c =25 Mpa dan mutu baja digunakan yaitu Untuk baja tulangan dengan Ø lebih dari 12 mm digunakan baja tulangan ulir BJTD 40 dengan tegangan leleh baja, fy = 400 Mpa dan baja tulangan dengan Ø kurang dari sama dengan 12 mm digunakan tulangan polos BJTP 24 dengan tegangan leleh,fy = 240 Mpa. dapat disimpulkan bahwa Pengaruh struktur dinding geser (shearwall) pada konstruksi Gedung perkuliahan Fakultas kedokteran Universitas lampung lebih besar daripada struktur konstruksi tanpa tambahan komponen struktur dinding geser dimana gaya geser statik ekuivalen yang di dapat adalah V = 4901.22 kN dan pada struktur tanpa dinding geser diperoleh V = 4707.46 kN.Pada Konstruksi gedung perkuliahan fakultas kedokteran Universitas lampung dinyatakan aman terhadap waktu getar alami dimana T1 = 0,06.H3/4 = 0.7303 detik kurang dari T ijin = 0.17 x 6 = 1,020 detik syarat terpenuhi.
MODIFIKASI DAN ANALISIS KEKUATAN MATERIAL LIFTING TOOL COUNTERWEIGHT DENGAN PERANGKAT LUNAK ELEMEN HINGGA PADA UNIT SHIPLOADER 2
Authors: Wisnaningsih Wisnaningsih
Published: August 2021

Counterweight merupakan suatu komponen utama pada belt conveyor yang berfungsi untuk mengatur tension pada belt conveyor. Saat melakukan perbaikan belt conveyor maka counterweight harus diangkat untuk mengendorkan belt. Namun terjadi permasalahan yaitu dibutuhkan waktu yang sangat lama untuk menaikkan dan menurunkan counterweight pada saat perawatan belt conveyor dan pulley di unit SLT502. Metode Fishbone dan Easy to Fix adalah metode yang dapat digunakan untuk menganalisa dan menentukan solusi permasalahan. Dan dapat diatasi dengan solusi “Modifikasi konstruksi agar dapat menggantungkan 4 chain block”. Dalam prosesnya, modifkasi lifting tool counterweight dianalisa menggunakan metode elemen hingga yaitu software solidwork 2012. Pada penelitian ini melakukan simulasi pada 2 (dua) titik pembebanan batang beam. Pada hasil simulasi software elemen hingga, didapatkan nilai stress yang terjadi yaitu dengan stress minimal adalah 2603,91 N/m2 dan stress maximal adalah 1,798x108N/m2. Nilai displacement yang terjadi pada H-beam 200 x 7600mm adalah minimal 0mm dan maksimal 5,433 mm. Strain pada batang konstruksi lifting tool adalah strain minimal 1.13194 x 108 dan strain maximal 0.000667377. Berdasarkan hasil simulasi dan perhitungan analitik dapat diambil kesimpulan bahwa modifikasi konstruksi lifting tool counterweight masih dalam batas aman. Hal ini dikarenakan kekuatan luluh material atau yield strength baja yang digunakan pada jenis S235JR atau ST37 yaitu 235x106N/m2.
PEMBUATAN OTOMASI PENGATURAN KERETA API, PENGEREMAN, DAN PALANG PINTU PADA REL KERETA API MAINAN BERBASIS MIKROKONTROLER
Authors: Beni Ari
Published: August 2021

Dalam perkembangan teknologi dan transportasi saat ini, penggunaan sistem kontrol panel sebagai salah satu alat penunjang sangat besar kegunaannya. Tanpa pemanfaatan sistem kontrol panel maka kemajuan teknologi akan sulit berlangsung. Pesawat terbang, kereta api, mesin industri, pembangkit tenaga listrik dan sistem telekomunikasi merupakan contoh pemanfaatan sistem kontrol panel dalam teknologi. Maka merupakan kewajiban para insiyur teknik untuk meneliti pemanfaatan sistem kontrol panel dengan baik sehingga daya gunanya lebih efektif dan efisien. Pengujian ini dimaksudkan untuk mempelajari secara eksperimental hubungan antara sistem otomasi terhadap sistem transportasi kereta, adapun yang di titik beratkan ialah pada sistem kerja otomasi dari kereta api. Otomasi adalah proses yang secara otomatis mengontrol operasi dan perlengkapan system dengan perlengkapan mekanik atau elektronika yang dapat mengganti manusia dalam mengamati dan mengambil keputusan.Otomasi memiliki tujuan memberikan kemudahan, meningkatkan efektivitas kerja sistem dan meningkatkan jaminan keselamatan kepada para operator. Prosedur penelitian yang pertama dilakukan ialah mengetahui prinsip kerja kereta api mainan, kemudian membuat lup sistem kontrol, adapun pembuatan lup meliputi lup otomasi palang pintu kereta, dan lup otomasi pengereman kereta. Dilanjutkan dengan pembuatan benda kerja, dan yang terakhir adalah pengujian system. Data yang didapat yaitu kecepatan, jarak aman pengereman, dan keluaran optocoupler. Jarak aman pengereman yang dipakai dalam penelitian ini yaitu 10cm dan keluaran optocoupler 2cm. Pada mikrokontroler pin yang digunakan yaitu PIN B3 sebagai inputan dan PIN B4 sebagai keluaran. Dalam pembuatan perangkat keras meliputi tujuh rangkaian yaitu: Rangkaian power suply, Rangkaian micro switch, Rangkaian optocoupler, Rangkain Mikrokontroler, Rangkaian sensor jarak, Rangkaian arduino dueminalove, dan Rangkaian driver motor.
ANALISIS STABILITAS STRUKTUR ABUTMENT PADA JEMBATAN WAY TALANG MULYA KECAMATAN GEDONG TATAAN KABUPATEN PESAWARAN
Authors: Sujatmiko Cahya
Published: August 2021

Abutment merupakan salah satu bagian dari struktur bangunan bawah jembatan yang berfungsi untuk meneruskan beban dan gaya dari struktur bangunan atas jembatan ke pondasi. Dari pondasi, beban dan gaya tersebut disalurkan ke tanah. Mengingat pentingnya struktur Abutment, maka pada perencanaan jembatan desain Abutment harus bisa mengakomodir beban dan gaya yang bekerja dari struktur atas maupun abutment itu sendiri. Peraturan pembebanan yang digunakan dalam perhitungan stabilitas abutment ini mengacu pada Standar Nasional Indonesia (SNI) RSNI T-02-2005. Standar ini membahas masalah beban dan gaya-gaya lainnya yang dapat menjadi petunjuk dalam merencanakan suatu konstruksi jembatan. Gaya guling dan gaya geser merupakan gaya utama yang bekerja pada abutment. Jika abutment tidak dapat menahan kedua gaya tersebut maka abutment akan mengalami keruntuhan. Setelah dilakukan perhitungan stabilitas dengan menggunakan kombinasi beban dan gaya yang bekerja, maka Jembatan Way Talang Mulya aman terhadap pengaruh gaya guling dan gaya geser melebihi nilai angka aman yang telah diisyaratkan, nilai yang disyaratkan untuk gaya guling adalah 2,2, sedangkan untuk gaya geser adalah 1,1. Stabilitas guling arah x menghasilkan angka 2,47 lebih dari 2,2. Stabilitas guling arah y menghasilkan angka 8,75 lebih dari 2,2. Stabilitas geser arah x menghasilkan angka 1,81 lebih dari 1,1. Stabilitas geser arah y menghasilkan angka 4,14 lebih dari 1,1. Daya dukung tanah terhadap pondasi telapak abutment melebihi dari nilai tegangan izin, dengan nilai tegangan ijin 170,91 kN/m2, sedangkan nilai daya dukung tanah 416,78 kN/m2.
ANALISIS KETERLAMBATAN DAN KUALITAS HASIL PEKERJAAN PADA PROYEK KONSTRUKSI
Authors: Anwar Anwar
Published: August 2021

Waktu dan kualitas merupakan dua hal penting yang saling berkaitan dalam proyek konstruksi. Ketepatan waktu dalam penyelesaian dan kualitas hasil pekerjaan yang baik merupakan penentu keberhasilan proyek. Namun proyek konstruksi tidak dapat luput dari adanya resiko yang dapat menyebabkan kualitas rendah dan keterlambatan penyelesaian, untuk itu peneliti di sini melakukan identifikasi faktor- faktor yang menyebabkan hal tersebut bisa terjadi. Penelitian ini dilakukan secara kualitatif. Faktor-faktor penyebab yang didapatkan dari literatur disebar kepada kontraktor melalui kuesioner untuk melihat presepsi dari kontraktor. Data hasil kuesioner dianalisis dengan menggunakan uji statistik, AHP, dan analisis level dampak untuk mendapatkan faktor-faktor utama. Hasil analisis menyatakan perubahan desain saat peleaksanaan sebagai faktor utama penyebab keterlambatan dan rendahnya kualitas hasil pekerjaan.
ANALISIS VARIASI UKURAN AGREGAT BATU BASALT SCORIA TERHADAP HASIL UJI KUAT TEKAN BETON MUTU K-250
Authors: Yuliansyah Feri , Sujatmiko Cahya
Published: August 2021

Perkembangan pembangunan saat ini meningkatkan kebutuhan bahan material yang tinggi. Salah satu bahan material yang dapat digunakan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan pembangunan adalah batu basalt scoria. Batu basalt merupakan batuan beku dengan sebaran hampir di seluruh Indonesia menurut peta geologi. Salah satu daerah yang kaya dengan batuan khusunya batuan basalt yaitu Provinsi Lampung. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui komposisi dan ukuran paling optimal penggunaan batu basalt scoria sebagai agregat yang menghasilkan kuat tekan beton mutu K-250 tertinggi. Penelitian dilakukan di Laboratorium PT. Manggung Polah Raya dan Laboratorium PT. Rajawali. Variasi agregat kasar batu basalt scoria yang digunakan adalah variasi I (1.18-2.75 mm), variasi II (2.75-4.75 mm), dan variasi III (4.75-9.5 mm). Sedangkan variasi agregat kasar batu batu andesit yang digunakan yaitu variasi I (0.5cm), variasi II (1-2 cm), dan variasi III (2-3 cm). Benda uji berbentuk kubus dengan ukuran 15x15x15 cm. Pengujian kuat tekan dilakukan pada umur 3, 7, dan 28 hari dengan benda uji sebanyak 36 buah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa variasi ukuran agregat kasar berpengaruh terhadap kuat tekan beton K-250. Penggunaan batu basalt scoria mempunyai nilai kuat tekan lebih baik dibandingkan dengan batu andesit. Penggunaan batu basalt scoria dengan ukuran 9,50-4,75 mm memiliki kuat tekan paling tinggi sebesar 335,66 Kg/cm2. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bawah ukuran agregat paling optimum adalah mengunakan ukuran 9,50-4,75 mm untuk beton mutu K-250. Hasil uji kuat tekan umur 28 hari menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan agregat kasar batu basalt scoria pada ukuran 2,75-1,18 mm, 4,75-2,75 mm, dan 9,50-4,75 mm menghasilkan kuat tekan berturut-turut adalah 227,29 kg/cm2, 269,97 kg/cm2, dan 335,66 kg/cm2 dengan peningkatan kuat tekan 32-38%.
EVALUASI KELAYAKAN BIAYA OPERASIONAL KENDARAAN (BOK) MODA TRANSPORTASI TRAVEL LEGAL DAN ILEGAL DI BANDAR LAMPUNG
Authors: Juwita Farida
Published: August 2021

Pencapaian dalam suatu keinginan transportasi yang aman, nyaman, ekonomis dan lancar, maka perlu diperhatikan kondisi dari jasa angkutan umum travel yang ada dan beroperasi. Terutama pelayanannya yang dianggap sangat menggangu terhadap pemakai jasa angkutan umum travel seperti halnya di Indonesia ini, dan khusunya jasa travel legal maupun travel ilegal trayek Bandar Lampung – Bakauheni. Untuk itu sangatlah tepat jika kita mengkaji kelayakan biaya oprasional kendaraan (BOK) pada penyedia jasa travel legal dan ilegal yang ada di Bandar Lampung , sehingga perlu sekali kita mengevaluasi kembali tarif angkutan jasa travel yang yang telah ditetapkan oleh penyedia jasa travel itu sendiri, bila dibandingkan dengan biaya operasi kendaraan yang harus dikeluarkan oleh pengelola penyedia jasa travel dengan mengambil langkah perhitungan kembali. Disini rumus/cara dalam menghitung besarnya tarif angkutan per keberangkatan. Cara inilah yang dipergunakan untuk menghitung besarnya tarif/biaya jasa travel legal maupun ilegal dan biaya operasional kendaraan yang harus dikeluarkan oleh penyedia jasa. Hasil yang didapat dari perhitungan analisa Biaya Operasional Kendaraan (BOK) berbeda dengan tarif/biaya yang ditetapkan oleh jasa trevel saat ini . Tarif yang berlaku pada saat ini sebesar Rp. 50.000,00,- /pnp/keberangkatan untuk Jasa Travel Legal Maupun Ilegal Di Bandar Lampung Dengan Trayek Bandar Lampung – Bakauhheni dan hasil yang diperoleh berdasarkan perhitungan Biaya Operasional.