bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Leveraging multi-database linkages to assess racial and ethnic disparities among Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales cases in Tennessee, 2015–2019
Authors: Kirtz Erika M. , Chan Allison , McClanahan Kristina , Octaria Rany
Published: October 2024

Background:

Awareness of health disparities’ impact on clinical outcomes is increasing. However, public health’s ability to highlight these trends can be limited by data missingness, such as on race and ethnicity. To better understand race and ethnicity’s impact, we compared all-cause 30-day mortality rates between non-Hispanic (NH) Black, NH White, and Hispanic/NH other racial and ethnic patients among cases of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE).

Methods:

We performed data linkage using CRE statewide surveillance, Hospital Discharge Data System, and vital records data to obtain demographics and clinical outcomes on CRE cases in TN. We evaluated the association between race and ethnicity with all-cause 30-day mortality among CRE cases.

Results:

Among 2,804 reported CRE cases from 2015 to 2019, 65% (n = 1,832) were missing race and ethnicity; data linkage methods reduced missingness to 10% (n = 285). 22%, 74%, and 3% of cases were among NH Black, NH White, and Hispanic/NH other patients, respectively. Thirty-day all-cause mortality among NH Black patients was 5.7 per 100,000 population, 1.9 and 5.7 times higher than NH White and Hispanic/NH other patients. We observed that the risk of dying within 30 days of CRE diagnosis was 35% higher for NH Black compared to NH White patients; unmeasured confounders may be present (adjusted risk ratio 1.35; 95% CI 1.00, 1.83).

Conclusion:

Data linkage effectively reduced missingness of race and ethnicity. Among those with CRE, NH Blacks may have an increased risk of all-cause 30-day mortality. Data missingness creates barriers in identifying health disparities; data linkage is one approach to overcome this challenge.
Historical Trajectories and Modern Dynamics of Islamic Financial Law in Central Asia
Authors: Rakhmanov Abdumukhtor , Thommandru Abhishek , Tillaboev Shokhrukhbek
Published: October 2024

This paper examines the historical development and contemporary landscape of Islamic financial law in Central Asia. Rooted in Sharia principles such as avoiding riba (usury), gharar (uncertainty), and maysir (gambling), Islamic finance has evolved into a sophisticated framework that promotes equity, transparency, and social welfare. In Central Asia, a predominantly Muslim region shaped by diverse cultural influences, Islamic financial jurisprudence reflects a unique blend of traditional practices and modern regulations. The growth of Islamic finance in this region is driven by increasing awareness, regulatory support, and integration with global markets. Key principles like the prohibition of interest, risk-sharing, and asset-backed financing underpin the operations of Islamic financial institutions.

Case studies from Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, and Tajikistan illustrate successful implementation strategies. The paper concludes by emphasizing the potential for Islamic finance to drive sustainable economic development in Central Asia and the need for ongoing research, collaboration, and policy support to navigate the complex dynamics of this evolving field.
Supraglacial lake evolution and its drivers in Dronning Maud Land, East Antarctica
Authors: Mahagaonkar Anirudha , Moholdt Geir , Glaude Quentin , Schuler Thomas Vikhamar
Published: October 2024

Supraglacial lakes on Antarctic ice shelves can have far-reaching implications for ice-sheet stability, highlighting the need to understand their dynamics, controls and role in the ice-sheet mass budget. We combine a detailed satellite-based record of seasonal lake evolution in Dronning Maud Land with a high-resolution simulation from the regional climate model Modèle Atmosphérique Régional to identify drivers of lake variability between 2014 and 2021. Correlations between summer lake extents and climate parameters reveal complex relationships that vary both in space and time. Shortwave radiation contributes positively to the energy budget during summer melt seasons, but summers with enhanced longwave radiation are more prone to surface melting and ponding, which is further enhanced by advected heat from summer precipitation. In contrast, previous winter precipitation has a negative effect on summer lake extents, presumably by increasing albedo and pore space, delaying the accumulation of meltwater. Downslope katabatic or föhn winds promote ponding around the grounding zones of some ice shelves. At a larger scale, we find that summers during periods of negative southern annular mode are associated with increased ponding in Dronning Maud Land. The high variability in seasonal lake extents indicates that these ice shelves are highly sensitive to future warming or intensified extreme events.
Phytotherapy in psychiatry: why psychiatrists should know about it
Authors: Lacerda Guilherme Frederico Miranda , Oliviera Paulo César , Vital Maria Aparecida Barbato Frazão , Slomp Junior Helvo , Galduróz José Carlos Fernandes , Andreatini Roberto
Published: October 2024

There is a substantial use of Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM) among both the general population and psychiatric patients, with only a minority of these users disclosing this information to their healthcare providers, including physicians and psychiatrists. This widespread use of CAM can impact positively or negatively on the clinical outcomes of psychiatric patients, and it is often done along with conventional medicines. Among CAM, phytotherapy has a major clinical relevance due to the introduction of potential adverse effects and drug interactions. Thus, the psychiatrist must learn about phytotherapy and stay up-to-date with solid scientific knowledge about phytotherapeutics/herbal medicines to ensure optimal outcomes for their patients. Furthermore, questions about herbal medicines should be routinely asked to psychiatric patients. Finally, scientifically sound research must be conducted on this subject.
“If it is not too paradoxical”: archaeology in İstanbul under occupation as a window into understanding the creation of a post-war cultural heritage regime
Authors: Abi Ceren
Published: October 2024

This article studies how Allied archaeological activities in Ottoman lands between 1918 and 1923 were part of the post-war negotiations over those territories. It uses the occupation of İstanbul as a reference point to understand the larger reconstruction of the Middle East through the inspection of practices and policies used by the Allies in the realm of cultural heritage. It explores the changes that World War I brought to this realm and asks what kind of practices were used and why. Using archival documents and archaeological literature, it argues that the Allies used institutions like museums and schools of archaeology, scholarly activities such as excavations and publications, and laws and regulations on cultural property to make geopolitical claims in the region and legitimize their occupation while acquiring as many antiquities as possible. By comparing the motivations, practices, and results of Allied archaeological activities in the capital to those elsewhere in the Ottoman Empire, this study shines a light not only on the making of the post-war cultural heritage regime but also on the emerging geopolitical system in the Middle East.
The impact of cohort inclusion/exclusion criteria on pregnancy weight gain chart percentiles
Authors: Rangel Bousquet Carrilho Thais , Bodnar Lisa M. , Johansson Kari , Kac Gilberto , Hutcheon Jennifer A.
Published: October 2024

Pregnancy weight gain standards are charts describing percentiles of weight gain among participants with no risk factors that could adversely affect weight gain. This detailed information is burdensome to collect. We investigated the extent to which exclusion of various pre-pregnancy, pregnancy and postpartum factors impacted the values of pregnancy weight gain percentiles. We examined pregnancy weight gain (kg) among 3178 participants of the US nuMoM2b-Heart Health Study (HHS). We identified five groups of potential exclusion criteria for pregnancy weight gain standards: socio-economic characteristics (group 1), maternal morbidities (group 2), lifestyle/behaviour factors (group 3), adverse neonatal outcomes (group 4) and longer-term adverse outcomes (group 5). We established the impact of different exclusion criteria by comparing the median, 25th and 75th percentiles of weight gain in the full cohort with the values after applying each of the five exclusion criteria groups. Differences > 0·75 kg were considered meaningful. Excluding participants with group 1, 2, 3 or 4 exclusion criteria had no impact on the 25th, median or 75th percentiles of pregnancy weight gain. Percentiles were only meaningfully different after excluding participants in group 5 (longer-term adverse outcomes), which shifted the upper end of the weight gain distribution to lower values (e.g. 75th percentile decreased from 19·6 kg to 17·8 kg). This shift was due to exclusion of participants with excess postpartum weight retention > 5 kg or > 10 kg. Except for excess postpartum weight retention, most potential exclusion criteria for pregnancy weight gain standards did not meaningfully impact chart percentiles.
Volume and Euler classes in bounded cohomology of transformation groups
Authors: Brandenbursky Michael , Marcinkowski Michał
Published: October 2024

Let
$M$
be an oriented smooth manifold and
$\operatorname{Homeo}\!(M,\omega )$
the group of measure preserving homeomorphisms of
$M$
, where
$\omega$
is a finite measure induced by a volume form. In this paper, we define volume and Euler classes in bounded cohomology of an infinite dimensional transformation group
$\operatorname{Homeo}_0\!(M,\omega )$
and
$\operatorname{Homeo}_+\!(M,\omega )$
, respectively, and in several cases prove their non-triviality. More precisely, we define:

•

Volume classes in
$\operatorname{H}_b^n(\operatorname{Homeo}_0\!(M,\omega ))$
, where
$M$
is a hyperbolic manifold of dimension
$n$
.

•

Euler classes in
$\operatorname{H}_b^2(\operatorname{Homeo}_+(S,\omega ))$
, where
$S$
is an oriented closed hyperbolic surface.

We show that Euler classes have positive norms for any closed hyperbolic surface and volume classes have positive norms for all hyperbolic surfaces and certain hyperbolic
$3$
-manifolds; hence, they are non-trivial.
Students’ attitudes towards an instructor’s foreign accent and non-standard language variety
Authors: Lybaert Chloé , Van Hoof Sarah , Plevoets Koen
Published: October 2024

This study reports the outcomes of a speaker evaluation experiment conducted in a higher educational context in Flanders, in which we investigated the influence of language variety (Standard vs. Colloquial Dutch), accent (Flemish vs. Eastern European) and name (Flemish vs. Eastern European) on students’ perceptions of a female university instructor. The results suggest that participants exhibited a relatively high level of tolerance toward both non-conforming speech and non-conforming speakers. Whereas Colloquial Dutch scored lower than Standard Dutch on standardness, we observed no negative effects of Colloquial Dutch on the teacher’s didactic competence, status, or social attractiveness. We did not find any evidence of a negative bias triggered by an Eastern European name. Whereas the Eastern European accent did have a negative impact on the teacher’s social attractiveness, we did not find any evidence of an accent bias affecting judgements of the teacher’s didactic competence and status.
“I’ve Got a Lot of Other Things I Do”: The Nuances of Digital Engagement among Older People
Authors: Wells Tabytha , Russell Elizabeth
Published: October 2024

As Western society becomes increasingly digitally dependent and many older adults actively engage in the online world, understanding the experiences of those who largely do not use digital technology in their daily lives is crucial. Individual interviews were conducted (pre-pandemic) with 23 older adults who, based on self-identification, did not regularly use digital technology, exploring how their experiences as limited digital technology users may have impacted their daily lives. An iterative collaborative qualitative analysis demonstrated three main themes: internet concerns, frustrations with digital technology, and conflicting motivators to use digital technology. Findings suggest that addressing digital concerns and providing effective digital skill learning opportunities may encourage some older adults to become more digitally engaged. However, as people, including older adults, can be uninterested in using these technologies, organizations and institutions should work to offer ways to support people of all ages who are not engaged online.
Health-related quality of life in adults with Marfan syndrome
Authors: Stanek Sörner Anna , Enelund Maja , Cider Åsa , Ashman Kröönström Linda
Published: October 2024

Background and aim:

Marfan syndrome is a rare genetic connective tissue disorder. Research on health-related quality of life in Swedish patients is lacking. We aimed to examine health-related quality of life in patients with Marfan syndrome with respect to reference values, sex, and age.

Methods:

Using the registry for adult CHD, Sahlgrenska University Hospital/Östra Hospital, between 1 April 2009 and 31 January 2023, we identified 1916 patients. Of these, we included 33 patients aged ≥18 years who were diagnosed with Marfan syndrome and had completed the 36-item Short-Form Health Survey.

Results:

The median age was 32 years (interquartile range 25.5–47.0) and 22 (66.7%) were men. Patients with Marfan syndrome had significantly lower values than reference values for all scales in the Short-Form Health Survey except bodily pain, role-emotional, and the physical component summary score. For both men and women with Marfan syndrome, vitality was the subscale with the greatest percentage difference in comparison with healthy reference values (82% in women and 73% in men). Furthermore, men reported significantly higher vitality levels than women (62.5 points, interquartile range 43.8–75.0 vs. 35 points, interquartile range 10.0–65.0, p = 0.026).

Conclusion:

Adults with Marfan syndrome in Sweden showed lower health-related quality of life levels in comparison with reference values for most Short-Form Health Survey scales, and there were differences between patients with Marfan syndrome in terms of sex and age.
From diagnosis to postoperative challenges: a comprehensive case report on 2q37 deletion syndrome with CHD
Authors: Kowatari Ryosuke , Sasaki Hanae , Daitoku Kazuyuki , Miura Fumitake , Shimada Jun , Kitagawa Yosuke , Minakawa Masahito
Published: October 2024

Chromosomal 2q37 deletion syndrome, marked by developmental delays, distinctive facial features, and a spectrum of congenital anomalies, presents significant challenges in the cardiac management of affected individuals. This paper details the case of an 8-month-old male with 2q37 deletion syndrome, manifesting atrial and ventricular septal defects, patent ductus arteriosus, and right ventricular outflow tract stenosis, leading to a demanding postoperative course. Despite an initially stable post-surgery phase, the onset of junctional ectopic tachycardia necessitated prolonged veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support, highlighting the syndrome’s potential for intricate postoperative courses. The complexities encountered in this case, including extended renal replacement therapy and delayed thoracic closure, underscore the syndrome’s multisystem impact and the critical need for tailored, multidisciplinary care approaches. This report contributes to the growing body of knowledge on the cardiac implications of 2q37 deletion syndrome, emphasising the importance of individualised surgical strategies and the ongoing exploration of genotype–phenotype correlations in this rare genetic disorder.
The relationship between state-provided Islamic education and Islamism
Authors: Mohamed Ahmed Ezzeldin
Published: October 2024

This article examines the relationship between state-provided religious education and support for Islamists. It first provides a historical overview of this debate in the Egyptian context. It then examines a survey of young adults from post-Arab-Spring Egypt, the largest education market in the Middle East and North Africa region. The findings show that recipients of state-provided Islamic education, Azharites, are more likely to hold favorable views of Islamists. This is likely attributed to the ideological alignment between Azharites and Islamists, since both favor a bigger public role of religion and stricter adherence to conservative social norms. However, the analysis does not support the notion that Azharites view Islamists as competitors in the religious market for followers. These results inform policy debates on Islamic education in Muslim countries and illustrate the limitations of mass indoctrination in authoritarian settings.
Pope Francis as an influential leader? How papal statements affect public attitudes toward anti-poverty measures
Authors: Ladini Riccardo , Faggiana Lucia
Published: October 2024

Pope Francis has been very active in the public debate on several key social and political issues, gaining a role that foregoes the sphere of religiosity and morality. Overall, he has been perceived by the media and the general public as a leftist figure and even a modernizer. Nonetheless, little is known about the influence of Pope Francis' positions on public opinion, especially beyond the climate change issue and outside the US context. In this regard, this paper contributes to the analysis of the Francis effect on public support for poverty alleviation measures. By employing a survey experiment carried out in Italy, we therefore tested whether the papal endorsement of an anti-poverty measure during the COVID-19 pandemic affected people's support for it. The results highlighted a generalized Francis effect among the Italian public. In addition, trust in the Pope and leftist political orientation substantially enhanced this effect, while the same only partially applies to individual religiosity.
Which political entities are “Friendly” to religion? The interplay of entity, identity congruence, and Christian nationalism
Authors: Perry Samuel L.
Published: October 2024

How do Americans perceive the orientation of political entities toward religion? Building on group identity theories and burgeoning Christian nationalism research, I theorize Americans' perceptions of friendliness, neutrality, or unfriendliness toward religion will be contingent on the interplay between the specific entity, “identity congruence” (how partisan and ideological identities correspond to the partisan character of the entity), and Christian nationalism. Analyses of data from a large, nationally representative sample of Americans support my expectations. Both Christian nationalism and congruence on political identities predict how Americans perceive the posture of the Democratic Party, Republican Party, and Supreme Court toward religion. Yet associations differ depending on whether friendliness to religion challenges the entity's legitimacy (e.g., the Supreme Court). Interactions also show the influence of Christian nationalism and political identities on perceptions of friendliness are contingent on one another and the entity. Findings reveal how religious evaluations reflect group interests in complex ways.
Repair and regeneration: ferroptosis in the process of remodeling and fibrosis in impaired organs
Authors: Yin Jiali , Xu Xinjun , Guo Ying , Sun Caiyu , Yang Yujuan , Liu Huifang , Yu Pengyi , Wu Tong , Song Xicheng
Published: October 2024

As common clinical-pathological processes, wound healing and tissue remodelling following injury or stimulation are essential topics in medical research. Promoting the effective healing of prolonged wounds, improving tissue repair and regeneration, and preventing fibrosis are important and challenging issues in clinical practice. Ferroptosis, which is characterized by iron overload and lipid peroxidation, is a nontraditional form of regulated cell death. Emerging evidence indicates that dysregulated metabolic pathways and impaired iron homeostasis play important roles in various healing and regeneration processes via ferroptosis. Thus, we review the intrinsic mechanisms of tissue repair and remodeling via ferroptosis in different organs and systems under various conditions, including the inflammatory response in skin wounds, remodeling of joints and cartilage, and fibrosis in multiple organs. Additionally, we summarize the common underlying mechanisms, key molecules, and targeted drugs for ferroptosis in repair and regeneration. Finally, we discuss the potential of therapeutic agents, small molecules, and novel materials emerging for targeting ferroptosis to promote wound healing and tissue repair and attenuate fibrosis.
High-harmonic generation by a bright squeezed vacuum
Authors: Rasputnyi Andrei , Chen Zhaopin , Birk Michael , Cohen Oren , Kaminer Ido , Krüger Michael , Seletskiy Denis , Chekhova Maria , Tani Francesco
Published: October 2024

High-harmonic generation has been driving the development of attosecond science and sources. More recently, high-harmonic generation in solids has been adopted by other communities as a method to study material properties. However, so far high-harmonic generation has only been driven by classical light, despite theoretical proposals to do so with quantum states of light. Here we observe non-perturbative high-harmonic generation in solids driven by a macroscopic quantum state of light, a bright squeezed vacuum, which we generate in a single spatiotemporal mode. The process driven by a bright squeezed vacuum is considerably more efficient in the generation of high harmonics than classical light of the same mean intensity. Due to its broad photon-number distribution, covering states from 0 to 2 × 1013 photons per pulse, and strong subcycle electric field fluctuations, a bright squeezed vacuum gives access to free carrier dynamics within a much broader range of peak intensities than accessible with classical light.
Mortality caused by tropical cyclones in the United States
Authors: Young Rachel , Hsiang Solomon
Published: October 2024

Natural disasters trigger complex chains of events within human societies1. Immediate deaths and damage are directly observed after a disaster and are widely studied, but delayed downstream outcomes, indirectly caused by the disaster, are difficult to trace back to the initial event1,2. Tropical cyclones (TCs)—that is, hurricanes and tropical storms—are widespread globally and have lasting economic impacts3–5, but their full health impact remains unknown. Here we conduct a large-scale evaluation of long-term effects of TCs on human mortality in the contiguous United States (CONUS) for all TCs between 1930 and 2015. We observe a robust increase in excess mortality that persists for 15 years after each geophysical event. We estimate that the average TC generates 7,000–11,000 excess deaths, exceeding the average of 24 immediate deaths reported in government statistics6,7. Tracking the effects of 501 historical storms, we compute that the TC climate of CONUS imposes an undocumented mortality burden that explains a substantial fraction of the higher mortality rates along the Atlantic coast and is equal to roughly 3.2–5.1% of all deaths. These findings suggest that the TC climate, previously thought to be unimportant for broader public health outcomes, is a meaningful underlying driver for the distribution of mortality risk in CONUS, especially among infants (less than 1 year of age), people 1–44 years of age, and the Black population. Understanding why TCs induce this excess mortality is likely to yield substantial health benefits.
Comparative analysis of direct coupling and MPPT control in standalone PV systems for solar energy optimization to meet sustainable building energy demands
Authors: Nataraj Chandrasekharan , Karthikeyan G. , Bharathi G. Jaya , Duraikannan Shankar
Published: October 2024

Solar energy, a prominent renewable source, has reached an installed capacity of 71.78 GW in India. This research explored the load demands of the computer center at an engineering college in Tanjore, Tamil Nadu, India. The computer center at the engineering college has an annual energy requirement of 260,552 kWh/Year. Consequently, the research focused on the planning and implementation of a standalone photovoltaic (SAPV) system, assessing it against the institution's total annual energy consumption. The performance ratio and losses of the SAPV system with both direct coupling and an MPPT charge controller was compared. This comparative analysis aimed to evaluate the efficacy of two solar photovoltaic control methods—SAPV direct coupling and Maximum Power Point Tracking control—in optimizing energy harvesting from solar panels.
Development of a polygenic score predicting drug resistance and patient outcome in breast cancer
Authors: Sahu Divya , Shi Jeffrey , Segura Rueda Isaac Andres , Chatrath Ajay , Dutta Anindya
Published: October 2024

Gene expression profiles of hundreds of cancer cell-lines and the cell-lines’ response to drug treatment were analyzed to identify genes whose expression correlated with drug resistance. In the GDSC dataset of 809 cancer cell lines, expression of 36 genes were associated with drug resistance (increased IC50) to many anti-cancer drugs. This was validated in the CTRP dataset of 860 cell lines. A polygenic score derived from the correlation coefficients of the 36 genes in cancer cell lines, UAB36, predicted resistance of cell lines to Tamoxifen. Although the 36 genes were selected from cell line behaviors, UAB36 successfully predicted survival of breast cancer patients in three different cohorts of patients treated with Tamoxifen. UAB36 outperforms two existing predictive gene signatures and is a predictor of outcome of breast cancer patients independent of the known clinical co-variates that affect outcome. This approach should provide promising polygenic biomarkers for resistance in many cancer types against specific drugs.
Chalcogen and halogen surface termination coverage in MXenes—structure, stability, and properties
Authors: Dahlqvist Martin , Rosen Johanna
Published: October 2024

MXenes are a diverse family of two-dimensional (2D) transition metal carbides, nitrides, and carbonitrides. They can be synthesized through both top-down approaches, such as selective etching of A-layers from MAX phases using acids or molten salts, and bottom-up approaches, such as direct synthesis using chemical vapor deposition. However, the degree of the surface termination coverage depends on the synthesis route and is one key parameter for controlling its properties. This study focuses on halogen- and chalcogen-terminated MXenes, particularly M2CTx where M = Ti, Zr, V, Nb, Ta, and T = S, Se, Te, Cl, Br, I, and with surface termination coverage ranging from 100% (ideal, x = 2) to 50% (x = 1). The incorporation of oxygen on vacant termination sites was also evaluated. Using density functional theory (DFT) calculations, we investigated the structural, electronic, and mechanical properties of these MXenes. Our findings reveal that non-ideal termination coverage (x < 2) is more favorable for MXenes terminated with a larger size of T, such as Ti2CBrx, Nb2CClx, and Ta2CClx, and leads to mixed termination sites and lower binding energies. A reduced binding energy may facilitate delamination into single sheets, however, too low termination coverage may also cause structural collapse. Electronic properties showed an increased number of states at the Fermi level under non-ideal coverage, potentially enhancing the conductivity. Mechanically, we find the moduli of MXenes to be comparable to other 2D materials, such as transition metal chalcogenides and hexagonal boron nitride, indicating their suitability for applications requiring flexibility and durability. This study underscores the potential of tailoring MXene properties through precise control of termination coverage and composition, paving the way for enhanced application-specific performance.
Anthropogenic climate change has reduced drought recovery probabilities across the western US
Authors: Williams Emily L. , Abatzoglou John T. , Hegewisch Katherine C. , Williams A. Park
Published: October 2024

During drought, resource managers want to know when the drought will end to make informed management decisions. However, as anthropogenic climate change has intensified drought conditions, we hypothesize it has affected drought recovery. Here, we leverage monthly self-calibrating Palmer Drought Severity Index data across the western US derived from observations and climate models, and quantify the probability of drought recovery following severe drought. We find that the probability of drought recovery is ~25–50% lower in recent decades (2000–2021) than in the historical record (1901–1980), with at least one-third of the reduced recovery probability attributable to anthropogenic climate change. Climate model ensembles show reduced recovery probabilities in the contemporary era (2000–2040), primarily due to increased evaporative demand in non-winter months, resulting in an additional 1–4 months for droughts to recover compared with the historical record. These findings suggest climate change is slowing drought recovery, with ramifications for water management decisions and drought planning.
Stimuli-responsive Luminescent Polymers
Authors: Gong Weijie , Shao Aiwen , Li Jiangang , Ma Yun , Wong Wai-Yeung
Published: October 2024

Smart materials that can reversibly change their chemical and physical properties in response to external stimuli have attracted considerable interest in various scientific and industrial domains, as they offer great potential for optoelectronic applications. Among them, stimuli-responsive luminescent polymers are especially appealing due to their excellent processability and high sensitivity. This chapter reviews the recent progress in stimuli-responsive luminescent polymers and discusses the properties and mechanisms of polymers that exhibit mechanochromism, thermochromism, photochromism, and electrochromism. The study of these stimuli-responsive luminescent polymers not only addresses fundamental and practical challenges in smart materials science, but also provides significant insights into applications such as information storage and encryption, anticounterfeiting, and display fields. In the near future, the application scope of stimuli-responsive luminescent polymers will continue to expand in various fields, and research efforts should focus on enhancing the sensitivity and reversibility of these polymers to meet the increasing application demands. This chapter gives a comprehensive overview of the current state-of-the-art in the field of stimuli-responsive luminescent polymers, covering their design, synthesis, characterization, and potential applications. This chapter will be a useful reference for researchers, students, and practitioners who are interested in this rapidly developing field.
Differential translational control of 5′ IRE-containing mRNA in response to dietary iron deficiency and acute iron overload
Authors: Garza Kerry R. , Clarke Stephen L. , Ho Yi-Hsuan , Bruss Matthew D. , Vasanthakumar Aparna , Anderson Sheila A. , Eisenstein Richard S.
Published: October 2024

Iron regulatory proteins (IRPs) are iron-responsive RNA binding proteins in animal cells that control cellular iron metabolism through variable control of the translation of mRNA containing iron responsive elements (IREs) in their 5′ untranslated region.
Solid substrate assisted enhanced laser induced breakdown spectroscopy for metal element analysis in aqueous solution
Authors: Song Linna , Han Jianwen , Sui Mingda , Wei Zihao , Qin Yunpeng , Lu Yuan , Song Jiaojian , Ye Wangquan , Guo Jinjia
Published: October 2024

In this work, we proposed a simple way to enhance underwater LIBS signals with a solid substrate-assisted method, promoting the development of compact marine in situ LIBS sensors with low power consumption, while ensuring high detection sensitivity.
PdPt/SrTiO3:Al-catalysed redox-selective photoreduction of unsaturated carboxylic acids using minimal electron-donor and water
Authors: Mori Shogo , Soleymani Movahed Farzaneh , Xue Sha , Sakai Yuji , Lu Daling , Hisatomi Takashi , Domen Kazunari , Saito Susumu
Published: October 2024

We developed a semiconductor photocatalyst, Pd–Pt alloy nanoparticle-loaded, Al-doped SrTiO3 (PdPt/STO:Al), for photoreduction of unsaturated carboxylic acids.
Unravelling the hierarchical structure of saturated monoacid triglycerides during crystallization – a comprehensive time-resolved X-ray scattering study
Authors: Penagos Ivana A. , De Witte Fien , Rimaux Tom , Dewettinck Koen , Van Bockstaele Filip
Published: October 2024

Time-resolved multiscale analysis of triglycerides during crystallization.
A series of polyoxometalate compounds: syntheses, characterization, electrochemical sensing and photocatalytic properties
Authors: Gong Yuan , Liu Tao , Tian Aixiang , Ying Jun , Yang Mengle
Published: October 2024

Four polyoxometalates were synthesized under hydrothermal conditions. They have excellent electrochemical properties and photocatalytic performance. The photoelectrodes prepared from them exhibit photoelectrocatalytic performance.
Data-driven exploration of silver nanoplate formation in multidimensional chemical design spaces
Authors: Chiang Huat Thart , Vaddi Kiran , Pozzo Lilo
Published: October 2024

We present an autonomous data-driven framework that iteratively explores the experimental design space of silver nanoparticle synthesis to obtain control over the formation of a desired morphology and size.
The association between the amount and timing of coffee consumption with chronic kidney disease in diabetic patients
Authors: Tang Yiwei , Zhou Qin , Zhao Ni , Niu Fengru , Li Shangying , Zuo Yingdong , Huang Jiaxin , Wang Zheng , Han Tianshu , Wei Wei
Published: October 2024

Logistic regression models were used to assess the association between the amount and timing of coffee consumption and the prevalence of CKD in 8564 diabetic patients from the NHANES 2003–2018 cohort.
Immunomodulatory properties of hempseed oligopeptides in an LRRK2-associated Parkinson's disease animal model
Authors: Torrecillas-Lopez Maria , Rivero-Pino Fernando , Trigo Paula , Toscano-Sanchez Rocio , Gonzalez-de la Rosa Teresa , Villanueva Alvaro , Millan-Linares M. Carmen , Montserrat-de la Paz Sergio , Claro-Cala Carmen M.
Published: October 2024

Hemp protein hydrolysate is capable of alleviating neuroinflammation by reducing the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, which could have promising effects in Parkinson's disease.
Eradication of planktonic bacteria by shape-tailored gold nanoparticle photothermia
Authors: Peng Zhendong , Royon Laurent , Luo Yun , Decorse Philippe , Derouich Sarra Gam , Bosco Michaël , Gravier-Pelletier Christine , Briandet Romain , Lomas John S. , Mangeney Claire , Hémadi Miryana
Published: October 2024

Planktonic bacteria can be eliminated by gold nanoparticles photothermia.
Size exclusion chromatography based proteomic and degradomic profiling of inflammasome-activated, murine bone marrow-derived dendritic cells highlights complex retention and release of cleavage products
Authors: Vogele Daniel , Wöhrle Svenja , Saller Benedikt S. , Fröhlich Klemens , Barta Bálint András , Cosenza-Contreras Miguel , Groß Olaf , Schilling Oliver
Published: October 2024

SEC-coupled proteomics and degradomic profiling uncover inflammasome activation-induced protein complex dynamics, proteolytic cleavage events, and provide a global overview of protease SEC profiles in gasdermin D-deficient BMDCs.
A supramolecular magnetic and multifunctional Titriplex V-grafted chitosan organocatalyst for the synthesis of acridine-1,8-diones and 2-amino-3-cyano-4H-pyran derivatives
Authors: Hassanzadeh Najmeh , Dekamin Mohammad G. , Valiey Ehsan
Published: October 2024

Supramolecular magnetic modified chitosan nanocomposite was designed and prepared conveniently by grafting of Titriplex V onto the chitosan surface to afford Fe3O4@CS–TDI–Titriplex V containing urethane, urea, ester and amide functional groups.
Quinolin-2(1H-)-one-isoxazole dye as an acceptor for mild addition of bisulfite in cationic or zwitterionic aqueous micellar solutions
Authors: Quintero Guillermo E. , Espinoza Catalina , Valencia Jhesua , Insuasty Daniel , Tiznado William , Leiva-Parra Luis , Santos José G. , Pérez Edwin G. , Aliaga Margarita E.
Published: October 2024

Aqueous micellar solutions of cationic and zwitterionic surfactants have been demonstrated to enable nucleophilic addition reactions of bisulfite to an activated Michael acceptor-type probe (MQI) to be performed in water under mild conditions.
Isolation, biological activity, and synthesis of isoquinoline alkaloids
Authors: Yang Xiaorong , Miao Xiaolou , Dai Lixia , Guo Xiao , Jenis Janar , Zhang Jiyu , Shang Xiaofei
Published: October 2024

Isoquinoline alkaloids are common throughout living organisms and exhibit widely bioactivities
Size effect on the structural and magnetic phase transformations of iron nanoparticles
Authors: Front Alexis , Förster Georg Daniel , Fu Chu Chun , Barreteau Cyrille , Amara Hakim
Published: October 2024

(a) Magnetic (top) and structural (bottom) phase transformation of an iron nanoparticle. (b) Size dependence on magnetic and structural transition temperatures on iron nanoparticles.
Unlocking new possibilities: application of MXenes in 3D bioprinting for advanced therapy
Authors: Waidi Yusuf Olatunji , Jain Nipun
Published: October 2024

This article presents MXenes' potential in 3D bioprinting, discussing their benefits for bio-printed scaffolds, 3D bioprinting techniques, bio-ink criteria, applications of MXene-incorporated constructs, current challenges, and future directions.
Polyols from cashew nut shell liquid (CNSL): corner-stone building blocks for cutting-edge bio-based additives and polymers
Authors: Rojtman Emilie , Denis Maxinne , Sirvent Camille , Lapinte Vincent , Caillol Sylvain , Briou Benoit
Published: October 2024

From CNSL to polyols.
Governing efficiency and thermoresponsivity of luminescence in dirhenium(v) molecules by a highly tunable emission mechanism
Authors: Liberka Michal , Zychowicz Mikolaj , Vasseur Laurine , Hooper James , Chorazy Szymon
Published: October 2024

Modification of an organic linker bonding two cyanido-nitrido Re(v) complexes enables the tuning of the emission mechanism that non-trivially modulates the photoluminescence and its applicability for temperature sensing.
Structural confinement helps achieve more accurate energy transfer: studies on garnet structural NYGlG:Tb3+,Eu3+ phosphors
Authors: Feng Jiajun , Wang Jie , Chen Huazheng , Lin Ruiyan , Liang Junyuan , Xie Jingtian , Chen Lianfen , Li Junhao
Published: October 2024

Structural confinement in sodium-rich garnets enables more accurate Tb3+–Eu3+ energy transfer, enhancing luminescence performance. The Na+-doped system shows an energy transfer efficiency of 95% and stable emission for WLED applications.
Electrolyte-dependent HER activity of mesoporous iron-based ZIF-67 leaf-like nanosheets
Authors: Iqbal Muhammad Faisal , Li Mengjiao , Xu Tao , Lou Junchao , Wang Weitao , Zhang Jing , Hu Enlai , Xu Pan
Published: October 2024

Owing to its greater specific surface area and electrical conductivity, mesoporous nature and leaf-like structure, Fe@ZIF-67-2 showed an overpotential of 45 mV and a Tafel slope of 32 mV dec−1 along with a TOF of 129.35 ms−1 in 1 M KOH.
Modified Cinnabaris-stabilized Pickering emulsions loaded with the essential oil of Acorus tatarinowii Schott: preparation, characterization and in vitro evaluation
Authors: Ru Han , Luan Fei , Shi Yajun , Zhang Xiaofei , Guo Dongyan , Zhai Bingtao , Sun Jing , Zhang Dingkun , Feng Liang , Zou Junbo
Published: October 2024

Development, stability, and in vitro studies of the essential oil of Acorus tatarinowii Schott Pickering Emulsion stabilized by modified Cinnabaris.
CCC-NHC Au(iii) pincer complexes as a reliable platform for isolating elusive species
Authors: Valdés Hugo , Alpuente Nora , Salvador Pedro , Hashmi A. Stephen K. , Ribas Xavi
Published: October 2024

The reactivity of unprecedented CCC-NHC Au(iii) pincer complexes has been investigated, employing a novel methodology for their preparation.
Harnessing lattice oxygens in a high-entropy perovskite oxide for enhanced oxygen evolution reaction
Authors: Sen Sujan , Mandal Tapas Kumar
Published: October 2024

A high-entropy perovskite electrocatalyst, Ba0.33Sr0.67Co0.33Ti0.165Ru0.165Sb0.33O3, obtained by incorporating a small amount of Ru, reveals excellent intrinsic OER activity and high stability despite enhanced lattice oxygen participation.
The relationship between the secondary structure and the emulsifying ability of protein-based particles and the Pickering emulsions stabilized by the zein–lysine complex
Authors: Wang Yijie , Tian Yunze , Xie Yunpeng , Sun Yue , Li Ting , Zhang Xuhui , Wang Yang , Huang Jing , Xia Bihua , Wang Shibo , Dong Weifu
Published: October 2024

For protein-based particles, an increase in the β-sheet content can enhance their emulsification ability.
Excellent microwave absorption of porous rod spinel by exceeding the Snoek limit via fibrosis and grain refinements
Authors: Zang Jiabao , Li Haifeng , Li Zirui , Sun Jihui , Liu Yijian , Yan Xutao , Sun Li , Zhang Meijie
Published: October 2024

The fibrosis and nano-materialization of porous rod-shaped Co0.5Ni0.2Zn0.3Fe2O4 (C5N2Z3-C) spinel ferrite structure allowed it to exceed the Snoek limit and its EABmax reached 7.8 GHz (7.60 GHz–15.40 GHz) at only 2.8 mm.
Exploiting the determinant factors on the available flexibility area of ADNs at TSO‐DSO interface
Authors: Rabiee Abbas , Bessa Ricardo J. , Sumaili Jean , Keane Andrew , Soroudi Alireza
Published: October 2024

Active distribution networks (ADNs) are consistently being developed as a result of increasing penetration of distributed energy resources (DERs) and energy transition from fossil‐fuel‐based to zero carbon era. This penetration poses technical challenges for the operation of both transmission and distribution networks. The determination of the active/reactive power capability of ADNs will provide useful information at the transmission and distribution systems interface. For instance, the transmission system operator (TSO) can benefit from reactive power and reserve services which are readily available by the DERs embedded within the downstream ADNs, which are managed by the distribution system operator (DSO). This article investigates the important factors affecting the active/reactive power flexibility area of ADNs such as the joint active and reactive power dispatch of DERs, dependency of the ADN's load to voltage, parallel distribution networks, and upstream network parameters. A two‐step optimization model is developed which can capture the P/Q flexibility area, by considering the above factors and grid technical constraints such as its detailed power flow model. The numerical results from the IEEE 69‐bus standard distribution feeder underscore the critical importance of considering various factors to characterize the ADN's P/Q flexibility area. Ignoring these factors can significantly impact the shape and size of Active Distribution Networks (ADN) P/Q flexibility maps. Specifically, the Constant Power load model exhibits the smallest flexibility area; connecting to a weak upstream network diminishes P/Q flexibility, and reactive power redispatch improves active power flexibility margins. Furthermore, the collaborative support of reactive power from a neighboring distribution feeder, connected in parallel with the studied ADN, expands the achievable P/Q flexibility. These observations highlight the significance of accurately characterizing transmission and distribution network parameters. Such precision is fundamental for ensuring a smooth energy transition and successful integration of hybrid renewable energy technologies into ADNs.
Transition to a Green Economy in Uzbekistan: Prospects and Challenges for the Development of Renewable Energy
Authors: Isakulova Bakhtigul , Usmanova Lobar , Saidvaliyeva Dilafruz
Published: October 2024

The article discusses the issues of transition to a green economy in Uzbekistan. The growing energy demand, as well as deteriorating air quality and public health are increasingly pushing the energy sector to shift to renewable sources. The article analyzes trends and prospects for the use of environmentally friendly technologies in the context of global changes and national economic priorities. The economic, social and environmental (ESG) aspects of the transition to sustainable development are examined, including an assessment of government policies, investments and their impact on the country’s economy. The main focus is on the need to liberalize the energy market, increase energy efficiency and stimulate the use of renewable energy sources. We find that there is a need to introduce market principles for energy pricing and reduce subsidies to stimulate the rational use of natural resources and attract international investment. The paper highlights the importance of creating infrastructure to support a green economy, which will contribute to the country’s economic growth and sustainable development.
Sustainable Political Foundations for Nuclear Energy Development in Central Asia
Authors: Jurayev Sherzod , Waris Ali Khan Muhammad
Published: October 2024

This article examines the policy framework for nuclear energy development in Central Asia, which is an important step towards ensuring sustainable development and energy security in the region. Nuclear energy, as an environmentally friendly and stable source, can help Central Asian countries reduce their dependence on fossil fuels. The article analyses the current political and institutional conditions and assesses the experience of leading countries in the field of nuclear energy, which can be adapted for Central Asia. The study focuses on the need to create a sustainable policy framework for nuclear energy development, which includes political stability, international cooperation, compliance with safety standards, and effective management of nuclear materials. The research concludes that nuclear energy can play a key role in achieving sustainable development goals in Central Asia by contributing to the transition to clean energy and reducing carbon emissions.