bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Smart paper transformer: new insight for enhanced catalytic efficiency and reusability of noble metal nanocatalysts
Authors: Jin Qijie , Ma Lei , Zhou Wan , Shen Yuesong , Fernandez-Delgado Olivia , Li XiuJun
Published: February 2020

A smart paper transformer supported nanocatalyst platform is developed based on the facile phase conversion between paper and pulp for both high-efficiency and high-reusability catalysis, with wide applications demonstrated by using Au nanosponge.
Polyoxometalate-based electron transfer modulation for efficient electrocatalytic carbon dioxide reduction
Authors: Du Jing , Lang Zhong-Ling , Ma Yuan-Yuan , Tan Hua-Qiao , Liu Bai-Ling , Wang Yong-Hui , Kang Zhen-Hui , Li Yang-Guang
Published: February 2020

Polyoxometalates as electron regulators to promote the carbonyl manganese (MnL) electrocatalyst for highly efficient CO2 reduction in aqueous electrolyte.
Asymmetric ketone hydroboration catalyzed by alkali metal complexes derived from BINOL ligands
Authors: Willcox Darren , Carden Jamie L. , Ruddy Adam J. , Newman Paul D. , Melen Rebecca L.
Published: February 2020

The ability of alkali metal complexes bearing chiral BINOL-derived ligands to catalyse the enantioselective hydroboration of ketones was explored.
Divergent syntheses of spirooxindoles from oxindole-embedded four-membered synthon via cycloaddition reactions
Authors: Shi Hongjin , Wang Liang , Li Shuai-Shuai , Liu Yongjun , Xu Lubin
Published: February 2020

The construction of five and six membered heterocycle fused spirooxindoles was achieved via the [4 + 1] and formal [4 + 2] cycloadditions between our rationally designed four-membered synthons and pyridinium methylides and α-bromoacetophenones, respectively.
A germaaluminocene
Authors: Albers Lena , Tholen Patrik , Schmidtmann Marc , Müller Thomas
Published: February 2020

Boron vs. aluminum: the synthesis of a borole complex of Ge(ii) is reported. Changing just the element from boron to aluminum unexpectedly yields an unprecedented neutral germaaluminocene.
Comparison of diagnostic accuracy of Midkine and AFP for detecting hepatocellular carcinoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Lu Qingqing , Li Jie , Cao Hui , Lv Chenlu , Wang Xiaolin , Cao Shiqiong
Published: February 2020

Objective: Midkine (MDK) has been proposed as one of the most promising markers for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This meta-analysis was conducted to compare the diagnostic accuracy of MDK and α-fetoprotein (AFP) for HCC.

Methods: We systematically searched PubMed/MEDLINE, Ovid/EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library for all relevant studies up to 18 May 2019. The Revised Quality Assessment for Studies of Diagnostic Accuracy tool (QUADAS-2) was used to assess the methodological quality of the included studies. The sensitivity, specificity, and the area under the curve (AUC) of MDK and AFP for detecting HCC were pooled using random-effects model.

Results: Seventeen studies from five articles with a total of 1122 HCC patients and 2483 controls were included. The summary estimates using MDK and AFP for detecting HCC were as follows: sensitivity, 85 vs 52%, specificity, 82 vs 94%, and AUC, 0.90 vs 0.83. The summary estimates using MDK and AFP for detecting hepatitis virus-related HCC as follows: sensitivity, 93 vs 74%, specificity, 85 vs 97%, and AUC, 0.95 vs 0.97. The summary estimates using MDK and AFP for detecting early-stage HCC were as follows: sensitivity, 83.5 vs 44.4%, specificity, 81.7 vs 84.8%, and AUC, 0.87 vs 0.52. The summary estimates using MDK for detecting AFP-negative HCC as follows: sensitivity, 88.5%, specificity, 83.9%, and AUC, 0.91.

Conclusion: MDK is more accurate than AFP in diagnosing HCC, especially for early-stage HCC and AFP-negative HCC. Both MDK and AFP had excellent diagnostic performance for hepatitis virus-related HCC.
Diagnostics of the technical condition of transformers according to the color characteristics of transformer oil
Authors: Valiullina D.M. , Ilyasova Yu.K. , Kozlov V.K.
Published: February 2020

This paper presents the results of a research of transformer oil in a visual way. The high information content of the optical radiation scattered and transmitted through the oil is shown. By the color of the radiation, it is possible to determine such characteristics of the oil as acid number, dielectric loss tangent, the presence of colloidal particles, their concentration and size, as well as the presence of aromatic compounds in the oil, changes in their molecular composition and concentration. By the presence of aromatic compounds and colloidal particles, it is possible to visually state the development of thermal and discharge defects in a transformer. This diagnostic system allows to assess the condition of power transformers without shutting them down, make decisions on their further operation without the use of expensive equipment and at the initial stage to identify the changes that are significant and necessary. This is due to the high cost of the transformer, its importance in terms of the reliability of power supply to consumers, the complexity of determining damages and defects at an early stage of development.
Transients in the load node at power loss: group run-out of induction motors
Authors: Slavutskiy A.L. , Vasilieva L.N. , Grigoriev V.G. , Chumarov S.G. , Kartuzov A.V. , Kitaev A.I.
Published: February 2020

The simulation of transient processes in the complex load node with powerful induction motors at the moment of power loss is carried out. For the modeling the method of synthetic schemes (Dommel’s algorithm) was used. Calculations are carried out within the dynamic model of motors in phase coordinates. The results of simulation and analysis modes of the load node with two induction motors connected to the electric buses of 10 kV and fed through a step-down transformer with 16 MVA capacity are presented. The applied model of power transformer consists of inductively coupled branches. The features of single and joint run-out of motors with different torque of mechanical loads are analyzed. Estimates of the parameters and time intervals at which the run-out of the motors is close to synchronous are obtained, the features of energy recuperation and the interaction of the motors in the load node are analyzed.
Development of an intelligent system for integrated management of hydroelectric cascade modes
Authors: Rusina A.G. , Khudzhasaidov Dzh Kh , Naumov O.V. , Gorlov A.N.
Published: February 2020

The paper deals with an isolated electric power system (EPS) based on hydroelectric power plants. The analysis of the existing methods and approaches for investigation of modes of EPS which comprise hydroelectric power plants is presented. A mathematical model of a hydroelectric station cascade has been developed, which allows taking into account the hydraulic connection during calculation of electrical modes. A software tool for optimization the operating modes of hydroelectric power plants as part of the power system was developed. It uses redistribution the load between hydraulic units both inside the station and between hydroelectric complexes of cascade hydroelectric stations. The task of modeling power consumption and load graphs of EPS with specific properties, based on the application of artificial intelligence methods, is considered.
Use of combined fermentation technology to improve the efficiency of the energy complex of the MSW landfil
Authors: Sadchikov A.V.
Published: February 2020

The article analyzes the existing problems associated with the degassing of landfill and the use of landfill gas as an energy resource. Issues related to the composition of the landfill gas are considered. The main reasons for the high nitrogen content in landfill gas are shown. The main measures are highlighted that make it possible to increase the economic attractiveness of the use of landfill gas. A fundamentally new technology of combined fermentation has been proposed, combining the fundamentals of the technologies of “dry” and “wet” fermentation of various substrates. The paper presents the results of using the technology of combined fermentation to increase the efficiency of the active decontamination system of the MSW landfill of WSC Vodino LLC. A significant improvement in the composition of landfill gas was noted, first of all, an increase in the volume fraction of methane and an increase in the average daily volume of recoverable landfill gas by 22%. As a result, the daily production of heat and electricity at the site during the experiment increased by 79.6%. As a side effect in the experiment, a decrease in the height of the horizon of the landfill body was noted by 12.5% and, as a consequence, an increase in the useful capacity of the landfill.
Development of a method for monitoring and control of the process of production localization regarding power engineering
Authors: Bauer V.Y. , Shuvalova D.G.
Published: February 2020

This article describes the problem of monitoring and control of the process of production localization regarding power engineering industry. In this research, the authors identified an additional factor for assessing the level of localization of the power engineering industry, which takes into account the specifics of the industry. The authors also developed a method for monitoring and controlling the process of localizing production at various stages of the application of this strategy.
Ways to improve safety in the power industry: automated hardware system for pre-shift inspection of personnel of power enterprises
Authors: Khizbullin R
Published: February 2020

This article considers the possibility for application of the automated medical system at power engineering enterprises, ensuring monitoring the physiological state of personnel of enterprises. The considered complex includes separate functional units with new technical characteristics, providing high accuracy of the recorded physiological parameters of the surveyed workers before working shift and, consequently, reliability of health monitoring.
Relevant issues of fuel supply paths modernization at Ekibastuz GRES-1 n.a. B. Nurzhanov by introduction of automated process control systems
Authors: Safiullina G.M. , Bogdanova N.V. , Gilyazov D.R.
Published: February 2020

Modern requirements for the quality of technological processes and the level of automation of complex facilities have raised an extremely relevant issue of the process control system modernization at Ekibastuz GRES-1 n.a. B. Nurzhanov. In order to ensure the required level of technological parameters, the modernization of fuel supply paths was carried out by KER-Engineering LBC. As a result, the performance of Ekibastuz GRES-1 was significantly improved.
Optimization of a variable frequency drive pump working on a water tower
Authors: Hruntovich N.V. , Kapanski A.A. , Baczynski D , Vagapov G.V. , Fedorov O.V.
Published: February 2020

The development of the existing water supply system in towns and villages involves the use of frequency converters and specialized control algorithms that can maintain the pressure level established in the supply grid within certain limits. The implementation of the standard scheme includes the elimination of the water tower, which, on the one hand, reduces the cost of its maintenance. On the other hand, in emergency situations, the water tower can still supply water to the consumer, which increases the time of uninterrupted water supply during repairs. The article reveals a method of increasing the energy efficiency of transporting drinking water with the help of a water tower by eliminating the excessive pressure of the water rise when using frequency converters. Our research that involved more than 300 pumping stations, allowed to establish the average value of the excessive pressure of water rise, which reached 0.36 MPa. For the wells under study, optimization of the pump operation modes revealed the energy-saving potential of up to 52% due to excessive pressure reduction and up to 2.0% due to a decrease in starting power at the time of engine acceleration.
Calculation of electrical loads for decentralized power supply systems and the choice of power gas piston installations which use electrochemical energy storage
Authors: Fedotov A , Misbakhov R , Chernova N , Bakhteev K , Akhmetshin A
Published: February 2020

In autonomous electric power supply systems of remote areas of the country where there are no centralized electric power supply, diesel generator units (DGU), and gas piston installations (GPI) is used as a source of electrical power. Selection of their nominal power determined load value, for which the preliminary calculation using the standard values. Researches of electric power profiles for apartment and public buildings of the Republic of Tatarstan showed a significant difference from the current regulatory values. At present, the regions are granted the right to independently set specific loads for such objects. The article proposes a method for selecting the power of autonomous power plants for actual loads for urban and rural settlements.
Feasibility study on innovative energy-saving technologies in poultry farming
Authors: Saleeva I.P. , Sklyar A.V. , Marinchenko T.E. , Postnova M.V. , Ivanov A.V. , Tikhomirov A.I.
Published: February 2020

The feasibility study on the effectiveness of locally and generally room livestock population heating at typical poultry houses through a joint radial convection heating system using dark infrared irradiators has been performed. The results of the thermal imaging survey of the heat insulation of poultry houses are presented. The efficiency of the combined heating system and thermal audit of poultry houses for their repair is confirmed by the practice of introducing them in a number of poultry farms.
A simulation model of electric actuator unit of electric centrifugal pump with a submersible individual compensation installation
Authors: Tabachnikova T.V. , Erashova Y.N.
Published: February 2020

The substitution scheme and the system of differential equations for electrotechnical complex of producing well are given. The mathematical and simulation models of electric drive of electric centrifugal pump installation with submersible individual compensating installation are developed. The scheme of inclusion and practical realization of individual compensating installation consisting of the static capacitor battery with non-standard nominal voltage which is connected directly to the stator clips of submersible electric motor in a well is proposed. The simulation model of electric actuator of the electric centrifugal pump allows one to simulate the operation mode of electric actuator in steady-state and transient modes, as well as the group start of electric drives of electrical complex of the producing well. The optimal level of outgoing line voltage, energy parameters and the optimal parameters of individual, node and centralized compensating installations, as well as the rational voltage level of the main substation were determined from simulation.
Automation of analytical activities the way to improve the performance quality of an enterprise. Using the diagnostic chart to assess and improve the financial condition of an enterprise
Authors: Musaeva Rezeda , Urazbakhtina Lilya , Serkina Nina , Askarova Nailya , Sayfullina Milyausha
Published: February 2020

The analysis of financial and economic activities is based on financial accounts and forecasting external and internal factors affecting the activities of enterprises. The use of diagnostic diagrams allows complex multidimensional indicators of enterprise activity to be presented in a simple and clear form.
Alternative energy in Russia and Tatarstan: challenges and prospects
Authors: Salikhov Irek , Avilova Vilora , Fazylov Rashit
Published: February 2020

The innovation in the energy sector involves the use of renewable resources and the transition to eco-energy, which requires a comparative analysis of the advantages and disadvantages for the economically sound choice when deciding on the energy strategy for each region. The use of alternative energy sources in Russia and the world is analyzed, which brings us to a conclusion that Russia is currently in an intermediate position in this area. Measures are proposed in orderd to strengthen the government support for Eco energy. It is held that the development of solar energy will play the largest role in the innovative development of the Republic of Tatarstan. The article is devoted to the problems of solar energy in Russia and Tatarstan respectively, as well as to the prospects for its development based on the proposed legislative, investment, financial and organizational solutions. The article provides a methodology for the comprehensive and effective adaptation of foreign experience in the field of alternative energy and a roadmap for the implementation.
Integration of the “smart home” concept into the infrastructure of the modern city
Authors: Eliseev I.V. , Shifrin B.M. , Novikova M.A. , Sokolova V.A.
Published: February 2020

Currently, the experience of implementing building automation systems shows that many leading manufacturers of equipment and software in this area are trying to develop their own protocols, standards and interfaces for data transfer and control at the lower level of interaction, which generally complicates and increases the cost of implementing projects using equipment and technologies of various manufacturers, and also lowers the level of security and fault tolerance of such systems. rThe main idea is to integrate various elements of a distributed system for managing the infrastructure of objects into a single network data transfer infrastructure using standards that describe the interaction in wired and wireless local area networks.
The pattern of X-inactivation in Human X-linked Disorders and their Model Organisms: A literature review
Authors: Zhou Yixin
Published: February 2020

X-inactivation is a strategy in female mammals aiming at maximizing gene inactivation of one single X chromosome in order to balance X dosage between males and females. Various human X-linked disorders have been reported related to one or more X-inactivation patterns. It is necessary to understand their relationship to study X-linked disorders. Current researches largely rely on clinical phenotype research and model organism. Considering the differences between human and model organisms, it is vital to find a suitable model of a specific disorder. The paper reviews different patterns and specific disorders linked with X-inac tivation. Also, the advantages and disadvantages of applying specific model organisms in different disorders will be discussed.
Effectiveness of personalized lifestyle intervention for community-dwelling, middle-aged and older patients with hypertension: evidence from a health promotion program in Chinese community
Authors: Yang XiaoYue , Sun Ting , Zhang Xiaoyu , Ma ZuChang
Published: February 2020

The objective of this study was to preliminary evaluate the effectiveness of multicomponent, personalized lifestyle intervention for middle-aged and older patients with hypertension in a limited- resource Chinese community. A single-arm, pre-post intervention design was used. 169 community- dwelling patients were enrolled and trained community health workers conducted intervention activities in a local community health center. The intervention consisted of key strategies for promoting dietary habits, physical activity and health-related behaviors, where participants received individualized lifestyle guidance. Of enrolled participants, 122 completed the study. The 6-month intervention was efficient in improving dietary habits and health-related behavior. No significant changes was found in physical activity. Clinically significant were found in SBP by 8.3mmHg, DBP by 4.1mmHg (p<0.001) and improvements in secondary outcomes. Strategies for personalized intervention and motivational interviewing techniques provided great reference to the practice of public health care, with essential lessons learned from exercise promotion.
Development and detection of genetically modified crops
Authors: Yu-jia Zhao , Pei-lei Fan , Liang Liang , Yin-yin Liu , Hai-bo Zhao , Zheng-sheng Shen
Published: February 2020

Genetically modified crops (GMCs) have been known for the excellent qualities. The commercializing of GMCs has taken great economic and social benefits. However, the bio-security of GMCs was still an issue. To solve this problem, countries around the world were constantly strengthening regulations on planting, processing and detecting of GMCs. This paper reviewed the development of commercialization and detection of GMCs. The difference between protein and nucleic acid detection methods of genetically modified crop was further discussed. This paper will provide new insights for the application of genetically modified crops.
Evaluation and application of mitochondrial CO І gene in identification of endangered wildlife in multi-species mixed biological samples
Authors: Yun-xia Chen , Xiao-ming Xue , Ya-lin Huang , Yong-wu Zhou , Sen-lin Hou , Hai-tao Guo , Jing Jiang
Published: February 2020

In this study, the second-generation high-throughput sequencing and DNA barcoding were combined to manually prepare multi-species mixed samples, and the mitochondrial gene CO І was used as a barcode to simultaneously identify the animal species in the mixed samples and identify endangered species. The results showed that under the family and genus level, the simultaneous detection rate of the species in the mixed samples was as high as 100%, and the species identification rate was as high as 89% at the species level, and with high sensitivity, as little as 1% of the trace species could be detected. However, nearly 30% of non-target classification annotations appeared at the species level. It can be concluded that the mini CO I barcoding can be applied to the simultaneous identification of animal species in mixed biological samples, and the species identification rate is high. Non-target classification match existing at the species level can be further improved by increasing the length of the barcoding, improving the sequencing technology, reference database and so on. In this study, DNA metabarcoding technology was used to evaluate the feasibility of identification of endangered animals in multi-species mixed biological samples with CO І, in order to lay a preliminary foundation for the advancement of DNA metabarcoding method in the field of wildlife forensic identification.
Diurnal variation of melatonin content in sweet cherry leaves
Authors: Shen Tian , Wang Xin , Tu Hongxia , Zhang Xuefeng , Liu Fangren , Zhou Gui-hong , Liang Dong , Xia Hui
Published: February 2020

In order to explore the accumulation characteristics of melatonin in sweet cherry leaves, the melatonin content was measured every 4h for a whole day in mature leaves of 'Hongdeng' and the expression patterns of related synthetic genes were investigated. The melatonin content displayed double peaks at 14:00 and 22:00, respectively, speculating that high temperature and strong light intensity promote the synthesis of melatonin in leaves. In addition, expression pattern of 5 melatonin synthesis genes TDC, T5H1, T5H2, SNAT and ASMT were investigated by qRT-PCR. Among them, expression level of PacTDC, PacASMT, PacT5H1 and PacSNAT was positively related to the accumulation of melatonin. This study provides new information on melatonin synthesis in plants, especially in sweet cherry.
Research on the Improvement Path of Agricultural Supply Quality Based on Pre-control under the "Internet +"
Authors: Liu Hua , Zuo Lian-cun , Chen Jin-yu
Published: February 2020

By identifying the factors affecting the quality and safety in the supply chain of agricultural assets under the "Internet+", the importance of customer needs and various needs is determined by using the analytic hierarchy process and questionnaire method. Combining HACCP system with QFD principle, a quality house of agricultural assets based on quality and safety control is drawn up. The quality and safety control system of agricultural assets is established by quantifying quality and safety prevention and control measures. Through the quantitative analysis of measures adopted, the operability and emphasis of the measures are strengthened, which can provide reference and basis for improving the quality and safety of agricultural assets in the new era in China.
Revealing cell fate decisions during reprogramming by scRNA-seq
Authors: Liang Yu
Published: February 2020

Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) technologies serve as powerful tools to dissect cellular heterogeneity comprehensively. With the rapid development of scRNA-seq, many previously unsolved questions were answered by using scRNA-seq. Cell reprogramming allows to reprogram the somatic cell into pluripotent stem cells by specific transcription factors or small molecules. However, the underlying mechanism for the reprogramming progress remains unclear in some aspects for it is a highly heterogeneous process. By using scRNA-seq, it is of great value for better understanding the mechanism of reprogramming process by analyzing cell fate conversion at single-cell level. In this review, we will introduce the methods of scRNA-seq and generation of iPSCs by reprogramming, and summarize the main researches that revealing reprogramming mechanism with the use scRNA-seq.
Research on the emotional cognitive evaluation model based on artificial neural network
Authors: Gan Qiying
Published: February 2020

the neural network, fuzzy set theory and evolutionary algorithm in artificial intelligence are all intelligent information processing theories that follow the biological processing mode. These theories are realized by rational logical thinking mode without considering the role of human perceptual thinking in the information processing process, such as emotion and cognition. Among them, the neural network mainly imitates the function of the mental system of human, adopts the method from the bottom to the top, and processes the difficult language pattern information through a large number of complicated connections of neurons. Artificial neural network (Ann) is a cross research field of artificial intelligence and life science. This theory mainly imitates the information processing mechanism of organisms in nature and is mainly used in intelligent information processing systems that can adapt to long-term changes in the environment. Therefore, neural network has important application significance in the research of intelligence, robot and artificial emotion.
Study on Seepage Laws of Completely Weathered Phyllite Slope Under Rainfall
Authors: Liu ChaoQun , Huang XiaoMing , Liu Dan , Zhu LiQing , Sun Yang
Published: February 2020

According to the available geological data and monitoring data, the completely weathered phyllite slope dilates and softens under the condition of continuous rainfall, which is then prone to instability failure. The indoor artificial rainfall test was carried out through the construction of the slope model, and the soil moisture sensor, pore water pressure sensor and matric suction sensor were used to study the variation laws of moisture content, pore water pressure and infiltration line at the back edge, slope body and the foot of the slope under continuous heavy rainfall. According to the sensor data and recorded information, with the influence of heavy rainfall over a long period of time, the water content and pore water pressure increased firstly, then decreased, and finally stabilized. The infiltration line moved from the top, the surface and the foot of the slope to the slope body, and shallow slip failure occurred in the shallow layer of the slope body.
Key Points of Acoustic Consultation for Highway Noise barrier Design Optimization
Authors: Huang Shufang , Sun Zhiqiang , Liu Huan , Wang Yanqin , Yuan Minmin
Published: February 2020

Noise barrier treatment is a traffic noise pollution prevention project. Many domestic residents along high-grade highways are densely distributed and there are many sensitive points in the acoustic environment. Traffic noise will have a large environmental impact along the route. The design of the noise barrier from the EIA stage to the construction stage is inconsistent with the actual situation. Therefore, in order to improve and optimize the noise reduction measures along the line and reasonably control the cost of the noise barrier project, many should be optimized. We shoud clarify the noise barrier installation location, scale, acoustic material technical requirements, standards, and engineering cost estimates, focusing on the principle of no reduction in noise reduction, strong operability, and economical practicality, in order to highlight the purpose of reducing costs and increasing efficiency.
Spatial and temporal differentiation characteristics of soil erosion of highway slope in the permafrost region of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau
Authors: Zhang Xiaofeng , Hu Jinru , Li Hongjun , Qin Xiaochun , Wang Yaokai , Wang Rui
Published: February 2020

In order to learn the relevant characteristics of soil erosion of highway slope in the permafrost region of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, the different characteristics of the erosion area were analyzed in this paper firstly. Then based on ArcGIS and RUSLE modes and gray correlation analysis, the spatial and temporal differentiation characteristics of soil erosion in the area were proposed. The results showed that soil erosion was mainly concentrated in June to September, and the date of the project construction should be avoided as much as possible; The erosion intensity was slightly and mildly and gradually weakened from south to north. Theoretical research results will have important theoretical and technical significance for the prevention and control of soil erosion of highway slope in the permafrost area of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.
Evaluation Techniques for Traffic Safety of Operating Highway Tunnels
Authors: WU Hongbo
Published: February 2020

With the consideration of frequent occurrence of traffic accidents on operating highway tunnels, the advancement of safety evaluation for highway tunnels in domestic and abroad are systematically summarized. Through the comprehensive analysis of infrastructure factors influencing on traffic safety of highway tunnels, safety checklists focusing on tunnel horizontal and vertical alignment, tunnel portal situation, pavement condition, ventilation and lighting facilities, traffic safety facilities are provided in qualitatively evaluating operating highway tunnels. Based on the concept of risk, risk assessment indices oriented in infrastructure factors, environmental factors and management factors for operation safety of expressway tunnels and standard highway tunnels are put forward. Quantitative evaluation methods based on indices architecture and the corresponding classification criteria for operation safety risk of tunnels are developed.
Research Progress on Soil and Water Loss and Soil and Water Conservation in Karst Areas
Authors: Sun Yan , Zhang Yiyuan , Li Sigao , Zhang Nan , Wang Junming
Published: February 2020

Based on the research of soil erosion and soil and water conservation in karst areas in China in recent years, the status and progress of soil erosion and soil and water conservation in karst areas in China are discussed. The results show that the soil and water loss in the karst area mainly has two types of soil erosion: surface soil erosion and underground soil erosion. Soil and water loss management in karst areas mainly adopts measures to adjust land use structure, increase vegetation coverage, carry out slope-to-ladder construction, and promote clean energy applications. Different governance models should be adopted for different landform types, different landform parts, different slopes, and different levels of rocky desertification in karst areas.
Study on comprehensive utilization and management of tunnel slag in Expressway
Authors: Shang Xiaodong , Liu Zhiqiang , Zheng Jianhao , Wang Wei , Jiang Haifeng
Published: February 2020

Based on the investigation of the comprehensive utilization technology of tunnel slag in expressway, the author finds that combining with the characteristics of the project, planning scientific management content, formulating reasonable utilization principles, and implementing the measures and control of the tunnel slag gravel yard and the waste slag yard can improve the recycling utilization rate of tunnel slag, reduce the amount of tunnel slag waste, reduce the land occupation and damage the ecological environment.
Discussion on technical system and practice of green highway construction
Authors: Cai JunHua , Liao FuXing , Lin JinShun , Zhong HouCheng , Shang Xiaodong , Wang Dan
Published: February 2020

This paper proposes the framework of the construction and management system of the Puyan Green Highway in Sanming, the technology of environmental protection and pollution prevention, the technology of resource conservation and recycling, the technology of green environmental protection and energy conservation and carbon reduction, the service improvement and smart construction technologies On this basis, the research and practice of green highway construction demonstration technology have been carried out, laying a practical foundation for the construction of green highways in Fujian Province.
Sensitivity Analysis Of Influencing Factors On Tunnel Stability In Bad Geological Slope Sections
Authors: Liu Chao Qun , Fu WenQun , Luo Wei , Liu Dan , Sun Yang
Published: February 2020

Based on a tunnel through slope of Yongji highway project, relying on ABAQUS geotechnical numerical analysis software, using the appearance of plastic penetration area for instablilty criterion, choosing 11 typical influential factors as independent variables to tunnel stability, the orthogonal test array L50(511) is used to analyze sensitivity of influence factors under evaluating indexes of safety factor to the tunnel stability and the maximum principal tensile on the inner surface of surrounding rock. Research results show that: there are some certain differences between calculation results of safety factor and maximum principal tensile, but overall presentation represents favorable consistency, and the sensitivity of influence factors to the stability of tunnel through unfavorable geological slope can be preferably annlyzed by orthogonal test. The influence of the cohesion of rock c, the horizontal distance d between tunnel centerline and slope toe, the inclination angle of slope α are significant. Comprehensive consideration of safety factor and maximum principal tensile of tunnel circumference is more perfect than one-sided safety factor when performing the analysis of tunnel stability. The research results of this paper can provide reference to design, construction of similar tunnels.
Analysis of Environmental Benefits of Green Buildings from the Perspective of Carbon Emissions
Authors: Chen Yiyu , Luo Lei
Published: February 2020

With the rapid improvement of China’s socio-economic level, the importance of ecological environmental protection has become increasingly important. As a major factor affecting ecological environmental protection, carbon emissions have received high attention. At the same time, various tasks for energy conservation and emission reduction have entered a period of rapid development. In China’s construction industry, green buildings are the main measures for energy conservation and emission reduction. The use of green buildings to achieve water, material, and energy conservation can not only ensure environmental benefits, but also improve ecological benefits. In order to further improve the environmental benefits of green buildings from the perspective of carbon emissions, it is also necessary to conduct a specific analysis combining the development advantages and environmental benefits of green buildings.
Research on Construction Methods for Standard System of Green Economy in Guizhou Province
Authors: Xu Bingsheng , Hou Shan , Fu Xianhou , Liu Ren , Zhao Xuezhi
Published: February 2020

The standardization of green economy is an important prop and technical support for speeding up and promoting the ecological civilization construction and is of great significance to the building and implementation of relevant systems. However, the ecological civilization construction in China is still in its early stage and the standardization of green economy faces a lot of challenges. At present, the ecological civilization pilot zone in Guizhou has achieved its initial success and all aspects of the work have been carried out in an orderly way. Meanwhile, the requirements for the construction of the green economy system are increasing day by day. It is necessary to summarize the demonstration experience of the pilot program, replicate and promote the model of success and boost the development of ecological civilization construction in depth and breadth. In Guizhou, the standard system of green economy construction faces many challenges in its advancement, and combined with the key tasks of the construction of the national ecological civilization pilot zone of Guizhou, this research builds the standard system of green economy in Guizhou, sorts out the existing national, industrial and local standards for supporting the key fields of ecological civilization construction in Guizhou, promotes and implements these standards with great diligence, focuses on the development of a series of key standards for supporting the green economy construction in Guizhou and embodying the local feat, establishes the standard system of ecological civilization construction with Guizhou characteristics, which can be compatible with different levels of standards, strengthens the building of local standardization capacity, and boosts and builds a long-term mechanism for the standardized ecological civilization construction.
An Overview of Ireland’s Energy System Model and the Thinking for DPR Korea
Authors: An Yongjae , Cao Haijun , Kwon Cholu
Published: February 2020

The Ireland’s Energy System Model, Irish TIMES model involved building, developing, calibrating, testing and running a partial equilibrium energy systems optimization model for Ireland. Ireland is an island country surrounded by the sea, so it has abundant water and wind resources. DPR Korea is also surrounded by the sea on three sides, with a total coastline of about 17,300 km (3,169 km for Ireland), so there are abundant resources of hydropower, wave power, tidal energy and wind power. On the basis of geographical conditions, DPR Korea’s energy system can learn from Ireland’s energy system model to achieve "good model" of energy policy modelling problems. The two key new perspectives this research project gives are: (i) a full energy-systems modelling approach and (ii) a focus on the GHGs mitigation for DPR Korea by 2030.
Novel technique to measure mutual bulk fluid diffusion using NMR 1-D gradient
Authors: Dang Son , Sondergeld Carl , Rai Chandra
Published: February 2020

Many modelling and theoretical studies have shown that diffusion can be a significant transport mechanism in low-permeability porous media. Understanding the process allows engineers to better predict reservoir performance during both primary production and enhanced recovery in unconventional reservoirs. Direct measurement of effective diffusion in tight rocks is difficult, due to small pore volumes and the lack of techniques to actually monitor the process. Conventional diffusion measurements generally require fluid sampling, which induces a pressure transient which changes the mass transfer mechanism. Previously, we introduced a novel technique to measure tortuosity in nano-porous media by simultaneously monitoring methane versus nitrogen concentrations at high pressure using transmission Infrared Spectroscopy (IR). To complete the estimation of effective diffusion, bulk fluid diffusion coefficient also needs to be measured. In this study, we demonstrate the usage of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) 1-D imaging to examine the dynamic change of Hydrogen Index (HI) across the interface between two bulk fluids. The experiment was conducted between a crude oil sample and methane; fluid samples were pressurized within an NMR transparent ZrO2 pressure cell which operates at pressures up to 10,000 psi. The Hydrogen Index (HI) profile was continuously measured and recorded for 7 days. The results provided oil the swelling factor and the concentration profile as a function of both time and distance. These data then were fitted with Maxwell-Stefan equation to precisely back calculate the diffusion coefficient between oil and gas samples at high pressure. Accurate estimation of tortuosity and fluid diffusion is critical for the gas injection strategy in a shale formation. Greater tortuosity and smaller fluid diffusion rate lead to longer injection and production times for desirable economic recovery.
Local Capillary Pressure Estimation Based on Curvature of the Fluid Interface – Validation with Two-Phase Direct Numerical Simulations
Authors: Akai Takashi , Bijeljic Branko , Blunt Martin
Published: February 2020

With the advancement of high-resolution three-dimensional X-ray imaging, it is now possible to directly calculate the curvature of the interface of two phases extracted from segmented CT images during two-phase flow experiments to derive capillary pressure. However, there is an inherent difficulty of this image-based curvature measurement: the use of voxelized image data for the calculation of curvature can cause significant errors. To address this, we first perform two-phase direct numerical simulations to obtain the oil and water phase distribution, the exact location of the interface, and local fluid pressure. We then investigate a method to compute curvature on the oil/water interface. The interface is defined in two ways. In one case the simulated interface which has a sub-resolution smoothness is used, while the other is a smoothed interface which is extracted from synthetic segmented data based on the simulated phase distribution. Computed mean curvature on these surfaces are compared with that obtained from the fluid pressure computed directly in the simulation. We discuss the accuracy of image-based curvature measurements for the calculation of capillary pressure and propose the best way to extract an accurate curvature measurement, quantifying the likely uncertainties.
Determination of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the Brackish Water and Sediments of Citarum Irrigation System, Pakis Jaya, Karawang, Indonesia
Authors: Edward  , Yogaswara Deny , Khozanah  , Wulandari Ita , Falahudin Dede
Published: February 2020

Fifteen priority polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were determined in the sediments and brackish water of Citarum Irrigation System (CIS), Pakis Jaya, Karawang Regency. The samples were analyzed with liquid-liquid extraction for brackish water and Soxhlet Extraction for sediments. The final concentration of PAHs was determined with Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) and the origins of PAHs were identified through diagnostic ratios method. The total PAH concentrations ranged from 1782 to 2386.88 ng/L in water and from 113 to 405 ng/g dry weight (dw) in sediments. The concentration of total PAHs in sediment was lower than the SQG effects range-low (3442 ng/g). High molecular weight of PAHs dominated both in sediments and water. The origins of PAHs in the sediment and water-based on diagnostic ratios were from petrogenic and pyrogenic sources including petroleum, petroleum combustion, and combustion of organic materials. Overall, environmental conditions in the Citarum irrigation system and its river mouth was moderate level of PAHs contamination.
Analysis of Catfish Supplier Services Quality in Catfish Food Stall in The City of Yogyakarta
Authors: Satriasakti Rifqi , Widodo Kuncoro Harto , Purwadi Didik
Published: February 2020

This study aimed to determine the characteristics of catfish food stalls, to analyze the gap between consumer perceptions and expectations, to analyze the level of satisfaction of catfish food stalls for logistics services, and to understand the service attributes of catfish suppliers considered important by consumers. Components of service quality were analyzed based on nine dimensions of logistics service quality. The methods used for analyzing service quality in this study was GAP, CSI, and IPA. The order amount was mostly above 6 kg, amounting 43% of the total catfish orders. The overall gap value of the variables was 0.293. The CSI value was 84.49% which means that consumers were very satisfied with the supplier’s performance. There were 5 attributes in the quadrant with a very high level of importance, but the performance was still low.
Chemical Changes of Shredded Catfish (Clarias gariepinus) Added with Different Concentration of Sucrose During Storage at Room Temperature
Authors: Dewi Eko Nurcahya , Nurbaiti Aulleta Affri , Purnamayati Lukita
Published: February 2020

Shredded catfish is a processed dried food, usually used as a side dish and stored for a long time. The main criteria of shredded fish selection is its taste, color and appearance. During storage, shredded catfish might be experienced deterioration in quality. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine changes in the chemical quality of shredded catfish with different sucrose concentrations during storage. The study was carried out by adding sucrose to the formulation of shredded catfish respectively 27.5%, 32.5%, and 37.5%. For a comparison purposed, commercial shredded catfish with sucrose addition of 35% was applied. All samples were stored for 60 days and observed every 30 days for the moisture content, aw, color measurement, peroxide value (PV), thiobarbituric acid (TBA), free fatty acid (FFA) and fatty acid profile. The results show that during storage at room temperature shredded catfish with 27.5% sucrose was the best quality product. During storage there was an increase in moisture content, aw, TBA and FFA, while for PV parameters increased in fluctuation at day 30 of storage and decreased at day 60 of storage. Color parameter decreased from dark to slightly bright and unsaturated fatty acids decreased in oleic, linoleic, linolenic and DHA. Based on these results, shredded catfish still safe to be consumed during storage for 60 days or two months.
Modification of the Physical Properties of Alginate with the Addition of Polymannuronate and Polyguluronate
Authors: Subaryono  , Suryanti
Published: February 2020

Modification the physical properties of alginate using polymannuronate and polyfuluronate has been conducted. Polimannuronate and poliguluronate isolated from alginate with hidrochloric acid heating methods and precipitation based on pH, and the resulting product was characterized its viscosity. Polymannuronate and polyguluronate used to modify the functional properties of alginate from Sargassum crassifolium. Polymannuronate and polyguluronate were added and mixed into the alginate powder with a proportion of 0, 10, 20 and 30% (w/w). The results were then characterized the nature of the gel formulations which include gel strength, modulus of rigidity and syneresis. The results showed that the viscosity of the alginate used as a source polymanuronate and polguluronate of 162.89 + 3.66 cP. Polymannuronate and polyguluronate product has a viscosity respectively 85.00 + 5.90 cP and 100.44 + 2.27 cP. The addition of polymannuronate and polyguluronate into alginate produced the characteristic changes of the gel. The addition of polyguluronat tended to improve gel strength and modulus of rigidity, while the addition of polymannuronate tended to lower the gel strength with the same modulus of rigidity of alginate gel.