bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENEGAKAN HUKUM TERHADAP PELAKU PENYEBARAN PROPAGANDA TINDAK PIDANA TERORISME MELALUI MEDIA SOSIAL
Authors: Nurita Cut
Published: February 2024

Tindak pidana terorisme yang selama ini terjadi di Indonesia merupakan kejahatan yang serius yang membahayakan ideologi negara, keamanan negara, kedaulatan negara, nilai kemanusiaan. Penegakan hukum terhadap pelaku propaganda melakukan tindak pidana terorisme melalui media sosial adalah dengan menjatuhkan sanksi yang berat sehingga menimbulkan efek jera terhadap pelaku. Upaya penegakan hukum terhadap pelaku propaganda melakukan tindak pidana terorisme melalui media sosial adalah dengan upaya preemptif, preventif dan represif. Hambatan dalam penegakan hukum terhadap pelaku propaganda melakukan tindak pidana terorisme melalui media sosial adalah adalah Undang-Undang Nomor 5 Tahun 2018 Tentang Pemberantasan Tindak Pidana Terorisme hanya mencakup penyebar, bukan pembuat informasi propaganda dan dukungan terhadap terorisme. Upaya yang dilakukan adalah meningkatkan patroli siber guna mencegah penyebarluasan konten-konten mengandung muatan radikalisme. Tindak pidana terorisme menjadi perhatian dunia, karena sifatnya yang melakukan teror dengan menggunakan perangkat komputer dalam melakukan aksi tindak pidana terorismenya tentunya teknologi memudahkan kejahatan terorisme dalam ruang maya bergerak leluasa disebabkan jangkauan sasaran dan objek yang dituju bersifat tanpa batas sehingga hukuman yang berat terhadap pelakunya dapat mencegah terjadinya terorisme.
PEMERIKSAAN SETEMPAT (DESCENTE) DALAM PEMBUKTIAN PERKARA PERDATA
Authors: Lubis Diana
Published: February 2024

Tugas hakim dalam menyelesaikan perkara perdata, salah satunya adalah menyelidiki apakah hubungan hukum yang menjadi dasar gugatan benar-benar ada atau tidak. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif dengan menggunakan pendekatan yuridis normatif. Data dianalisis menggunakan analisis kualitatif atau dijabarkan dengan kalimat. Kekuatan pembuktian pemeriksaan setempat (descente) sebagai salah satu pendukung alat bukti dalam perkara perdata diperlukan karena yang menjadi objek sengketa tersebut adalah benda tidak bergerak yang tidak bisa diajukan atau dibawa ke dalam persidangan, maka dari itu dilakukan pemeriksaan setempat guna untuk mengetahui kejelasan dan kepastian tentang ukuran dan batas-batas objek sengketa guna memperkuat keyakinan hakim dalam memutus perkara tersebut. Maka dalam pembuktian pemeriksaan setempat ini  harus didukung dengan alat bukti lain yang berupa bukti surat dan keterangan saksi-saksi yang diajukan oleh para pihak dalam persidangan yaitu dengan mencocokan bukti tertulis dengan letak tanah yang bersangkutan dengan saksi-saksi yang mendukung.
ANALISIS PROSEDUR PENERBITAN SERTIPIKAT TANAH PENGGANTI DISEBABKAN HILANGNYA SERTIPIKAT HAK MILIK ATAS TANAH ASLI SERTA AKIBAT HUKUMNYA (Studi Penelitian Di Kantor Pertanahan Kota Medan)
Authors: Haryono M. Trio , Lubis M Yamin , Mukidi Mukidi
Published: February 2024

Kedudukan hukum dari penerbitan sertipikat tanah pengganti disebabkan hilangnya sertipikat hak milik atas tanah asli adalah sama halnya dengan perlindungan hukum terhadap pemegang sertipikat hak atas tanah yang pertama kali. Kekuatan hukum atas sertipikat pengganti mempunyai kekuatan hukum yang sama dengan sertipikat yang dinyatakan hilang. Prosedur penerbitan sertipikat tanah pengganti disebabkan hilangnya sertipikat hak milik atas tanah asli pada Kantor Pertanahan Kota Medan adalah berdasarkan Pasal 57 PP No. 24/1997. Kesimpulan dari tesis ini adalah Kehilangan atas sertipikat tanah, dapat diberikan sertipikat pengganti. Masyarakat yang kehilangan sertipikat tanahnya, dapat melapor permohonan penerbitan sertipikat pengganti kepada Badan Pertanahan Nasional/Kantor Pertanahan setempat, dengan memenuhi persyaratan yang ditentukan. Hambatan dalam pelaksanaan penerbitan sertipikat tanah pengganti disebabkan hilangnya sertipikat hak milik  atas tanah adalah masih kurangnya pemahaman masyarakat terhadap prosedur pelaksanaan permohonan pengajuan penggantian sertipikat pengganti.
ANALISIS YURIDIS PENYELESAIAN SENGKETA PERTANAHAN MELALUI MEDIASI (Studi Pada Kantor Pertanahan Kota Medan)
Authors: Syahputra Syahputra , Affan Ibnu , Marzuki Marzuki
Published: February 2024

Tanah memiliki arti yang sangat penting dalam kehidupan manusia, karena tanah menjadi suatu kebutuhan yang pokok pada kehidupan manusia. Dalam kehidupan manusia sehari-hari sering terjadi perselisihan dan terjadi pertumpahan darah yang disebabkan oleh sengketa tanah, hal ini diketahui berawal dari adanya keberatan suatu hak atas tanah, mediasi diharapkan dapat menyelesaikan sengketa pertanahan sesuai dengan ketentuan yang berlaku. Pengaturan hukum penyelesaian tanah secara mediasi di Kantor Pertanahan Kota Medan berpedoman pada Keputusan Kepala BPN RI No. 34 tahun 2007 Tentang Mekanisme Pelaksanaan Mediasi yang memberikan arahan langkah-langkah upaya penanganan dan penyelesaian masalah pertanahan. Prosedur peneyelesaian sengketa pertanahan melalui jalur mediasi di Kantor Pertanahan Kota Medan adalah dilakukan memanggil para pihak secara terpisah untuk mengatahui kemauan masing-masing pihak. Setelah pemanggilan pihak secara terpisah melakukan pengecekan data baik data fisik maupun data yuridis. Dari data tersebut kemudian Kantor Pertanahan menemukan kedua belah pihak untuk menyelesaikan permasalahan dengan dijelaskan dan diarahkan oleh mediator.  Berdasarkan pembahasan disimpulkan bahwa hambatan dalam proses mediasi di Kantor Pertanahan Kota Medan adalah ketidakhadiran para pihak yang bersengketa, tidak ada iktikad baik dari masing-masing pihak yang bersengketa. Upaya mengatasi hambatan adalah mengupayakan proses mediasi lebih dari satu kali.
PENERAPAN PIDANA MATI TERHADAP BANDAR NARKOTIKA YANG MELAKUKAN PERMUFAKATAN JAHAT (SAMENSPANNING) DALAM PEREDARAN NARKOTIKA (Analisis Putusan Mahkamah Agung Nomor 2761 K/Pid.Sus/2020)
Authors: Masjidil Masjidil , Mustamam Mustamam , Purba Nelvitia
Published: February 2024

Penjatuhan pidana terhadap seseorang yang melakukan perbuatan pidana menjadi bagian yang sangat penting dalam mewujudkan sistem peradilan pidana. Rumusan masalah dalam Penelitian ini adalah  bagaimana  pengaturan hukum tindak pidana permufakatan jahat (samenspanning) dalam peredaran narkotika, bagaimana pertanggungjawaban pidana bandar narkotika yang melakukan permufakatan jahat (samenspanning) dalam peredaran narkotika,bagaimana pertimbangan hakim dalam menjatuhkan  pidana mati terhadap bandar narkotika yang melakukan permufakatan jahat (samenspanning) dalam peredaran narkotika.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Pertanggungjawaban pidana bandar narkotika yang melakukan permufakatan jahat (samenspanning) dalam peredaran narkotika adalah hukuman mati karena terdakwa yang bersifat dominan dan dapat dikategorikan termaksud pelaku utama dan ditambah dengan jumlah barang bukti sabu seberat 30 (tiga puluh) kilogram.Pertimbangan hakim dalam menjatuhkan  pidana mati terhadap bandar narkotika yang melakukan permufakatan jahat (samenspanning) dalam peredaran narkotika karena perbuatan Terdakwa sangat bertentangan dengan program pemerintah dalam memberantas narkotika, Indonesia sedang dalam situasi darurat narkotika yang dapat membahayakan generasi bangsa, Jumlah barang bukti narkotika jenis sabu yang sangat besar, Terdakwa sudah masuk dalam jaringan peredaran narkotika internasional/ antar negara  serta terdakwa memiliki peran yang dominan dalam membawa sabu tersebutdari Malaysia ke Indonesia
AKIBAT WANPRESTASI DALAM PERJANJIAN PEMBORONGAN PEKERJAAN
Authors: Lubis M. Faisal Rahendra
Published: February 2024

Perjanjian pemborongan pekerjaan  pembangunan adalah salah satu bentuk perjanjian yang hidup ditengah-tengah masyarakat. Perjanjian pemborongan ini diikat oleh suatu kesepakatan antara para pihak yang dituangkan dalam bentuk baku yang berisikan hak dan kewajiban para pihak. Metode yang dipergunakan dalam penulisan skripsi ini adalah dengan menggunakan metode pendekatan yuridis normatif. Sedangkan teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan telaah pustaka (library research) untuk mentelaah data-data sekunder. Perjanjian pemborongan pekerjaan  adalah ruang lingkup pekerjaan, dasar pelaksanaan pekerjaan, lokasi pekerjaan, kewajiban-kewajiban, waktu pelaksanaan/penyelesaian, ahli teknis/pengawasan : pekerjaan, ketentuan denda, harga kontrak/borongan, Syarat pembayaran, force majeur, Jaminan pelaksanaan (Performace Bond), Pembatalan/pemutusan surat perjanjian, penyelesaian perselisihan, ketentuan penutup. Akibat hukum jika salah satu pihak wanprestasi dalam perjanjian pemborongan, maka pihak yang menimbulkan kerugian harus memberikan ganti rugi kepada pihak yang dirugikan sesuai dengan kesepakatan dalam perjanjian. Jika terjadi wanprestasi, maka akan diselesaikan dengan cara musyawarah. Jika cara musyawarah tidak tercapai kata sepakat maka akan diselesaikan melalui Pengadilan Negeri.
PENYELESAIAN TINDAK PIDANA RINGAN MELALUI RESTORATIVE JUSTICE) (Studi Putusan Pengadilan Negeri Kisaran No. 42/Pid.B/2022/PN Kis)
Authors: Asri Yayuda Ibnu , Mustamam Mustamam , Putra Panca Sarjana
Published: February 2024

Tindak pidana ringan akhir-akhir ini menarik perhatian publik karena penanganannya dianggap tidak lagi proporsional dengan tingkat keseriusan tindak pidana yang diatur.  Pengaturan penyelesaian tindak pidana ringan dalam proses peradilan pidana diatur dalam Peraturan Mahkamah Agung RI Nomor 2 Tahun 2012 tentang Penyesuaian Batasan Tindak Pidana Ringan dan Jumlah Denda dalam KUHP dan sebagai tindak lanjut dari PERMA telah dibentuk Nota Kesepakatan Bersama Nomor 131/KMA/SKB/X/2012, Nomor M.HH.-07.HM.03.02 Tahun 2012; Nomor :KEP-06/E/EJP/10/2012; Nomor:B/39/X/2012, Rabu, tanggal 17 Oktober 2012 tentang Pelaksanaan Penerapan Penyusunan Batasan Tindak Pidana Ringan dan Jumlah Denda, Acara Pemeriksaan Cepat, serta Penerapan Keadilan Restoratif (Restoratif Justice). Penyelesaian tindak pidana ringan dalam proses peradilan pidana perspektif Peraturan Mahkamah Agung RI Nomor 2 Tahun 2012 belum menjamin ditegakannya untuk memenuhi rasa keadilan dalam hukum. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dipahami bahwa pertimbangan hukum hakim Pengadilan Negeri Kisaran Nomor 42/Pid.B/2022/PN Kis yang memerintahkan terdakwa dibebaskan dari tahanan sudah tepat sebab Terdakwa didakwa oleh Penuntut Umum dengan melanggar Pasal 362 KUHP yang  didalam dakwaan tersebut Terdakwa didakwa dengan tindak pidana pencurian rokok sebanyak 6 (enam) slop rokok dengan berbagai merk, namun didalam uraian dakwaan Penuntut Umum tersebut Penuntut Umum tidak menjelaskan atau menguraikan secara detail atau rinci rokok apa saja yang telah diambil oleh Terdakwa dan berapa harga dari setiap rokok yang diambil oleh Terdakwa tersebut.
Medische rijgeschiktheid: synthese en aanbevelingen van het symposium van de Koninklijke Academie voor Geneeskunde van België op 29 april 2023
Authors: Lutin M. , Verstraete A.G. , Versijpt J. , Sabbe B. , Petrovic M. , Tant M.
Published: February 2024

Medical fitness to drive: summary and recommendations of the symposium by the Royal Academy of Medicine of Belgium on April 29, 2023

Mobility is considered a fundamental right, with most people aspiring to exercise this right by driving themselves. To do so safely, the European Commission has established standards for drivers, which the Belgian legislator has translated into national laws and regulations.

This article introduces 3 crucial concepts: knowledge, skill and medical fitness, which determine whether someone can safely participate in traffic. Problems can arise due to insufficient knowledge of traffic rules, inadequate control of the vehicle or insufficient health. A driver’s condition is often the result of interactions between these factors.

Health is a significant condition for license holders, assessed through medical criteria. In Belgium, physicians can make decisions regarding the fitness to drive and they are required to inform the patient if this person no longer meets the medical criteria. This decision can also be delegated to CARA, a specialized entity that evaluates the fitness to drive in a multidisciplinary manner. Making fitness to drive decisions and the associated discussions between the physician and the patient are often sensitive due to the complexity of the topic and the impact on the physician-patient relationship. Integrating the evaluation of the fitness to drive into regular medical practice and providing concrete and validated guidelines can improve the perception of this process. The text then discusses topics related to fitness to drive, including aging (both pathological and non-pathological), Alzheimer’s disease and the use of psychotropic substances such as alcohol and medication.
Impact of Financial Reporting Transparency on Investor Decision-Making
Authors: Yoro Mahesh
Published: February 2024

Purpose: The aim of the study was to assess the impact of financial reporting transparency on investor decision-making in Kenya.

Methodology: This study adopted a desk methodology. A desk study research design is commonly known as secondary data collection. This is basically collecting data from existing resources preferably because of its low cost advantage as compared to a field research. Our current study looked into already published studies and reports as the data was easily accessed through online journals and libraries.

Findings: In summary, financial reporting transparency significantly impacts investor decisions. It boosts confidence, reduces information gaps, lowers capital costs, enhances stock liquidity, and encourages long-term investments. Moreover, it improves risk assessment, ensures regulatory compliance, and safeguards investor interests.

Implications to Theory, Practice and Policy:  Information asymmetry theory, agency theory and behavioral finance theory may be use to anchor future studies on assessing the impact of financial reporting transparency on investor decision-making in Kenya. Companies should recognize the potential variation in the impact of financial reporting transparency across industries. Policymakers should work towards promoting the adoption of global reporting standards that encourage consistent and transparent financial disclosures.
Influence of Accounting Information Systems (AIS) on Financial Reporting Accuracy
Authors: Kimani Bonface
Published: February 2024

Purpose: The aim of the study was to assess the influence of accounting information systems (AIS) on financial reporting accuracy.

Methodology: This study adopted a desk methodology. A desk study research design is commonly known as secondary data collection. This is basically collecting data from existing resources preferably because of its low cost advantage as compared to a field research. Our current study looked into already published studies and reports as the data was easily accessed through online journals and libraries.

Findings: Accounting Information Systems (AIS) have a substantial positive impact on financial reporting accuracy through error reduction, data integrity assurance, consistency enforcement, audit trail provision, and facilitating timely reporting, ultimately leading to more reliable financial statements.

Implications to Theory, Practice and Policy: Agency theory, information economics theory and structuration theory may be use to anchor future studies on assessing the influence of accounting information systems (AIS) on financial reporting accuracy. Research should explore the potential synergy between different advanced AIS technologies, such as AI and blockchain, to better understand how their combined use can enhance financial reporting accuracy. Organizations, especially in industries like healthcare, should consider investing in AIS automation to reduce reporting errors and improve financial reporting accuracy.
Relationship between Tax Incentives and Corporate Tax Avoidance Strategies in Kenya
Authors: Editor11 Section , Kimani Bonface
Published: February 2024

Purpose: The aim of the study was to assess the relationship between tax incentives and corporate tax avoidance strategies in Kenya.

Methodology: This study adopted a desk methodology. A desk study research design is commonly known as secondary data collection. This is basically collecting data from existing resources preferably because of its low cost advantage as compared to a field research. Our current study looked into already published studies and reports as the data was easily accessed through online journals and libraries.

Findings: The relationship between Tax Incentives and Corporate Tax Avoidance Strategies in Kenya has been a subject of research. Findings indicate that while tax incentives are intended to promote economic growth and investment, they can also create opportunities for corporate tax avoidance. Companies in Kenya have sometimes leveraged these incentives to reduce their tax liabilities through legal but aggressive tax planning strategies, potentially leading to reduced government revenue.

Implications to Theory, Practice and Policy: Agency theory, resource dependence theory and political economy theory may be use to anchor future studies on assessing relationship between tax incentives and corporate tax avoidance strategies in Kenya. For practitioners, understanding how tax incentives and avoidance strategies vary across industries is essential. Policymakers should actively engage in global collaboration to address tax avoidance by multinational corporations. International tax policy reforms and coordinated efforts are needed to create a fair and transparent global tax environment that discourages aggressive tax avoidance.
Engaging Neural Plasticity in Senior High School Students: The Impact of Guided Discovery Teaching Method on Achievement in Circle Theorems
Authors: Nurideen Suraj , Amenyi Churcher Kwesi , Wilmot Dennis , Susuoroka Gabina
Published: February 2024

Purpose: The study's objective was to ascertain how circle theorem achievement in SHS students was affected by the guided discovery teaching method, a student-centered approach associated with improved neural plasticity.

Materials and Methods: Two Form 2 classes from various Wa Municipal schools were chosen for the study using convenient, purposeful, and straightforward random sampling techniques. The study adopted a non-equivalent quasi-experimental design to compare students who are taught with the guided discovery method and the traditional method of teaching circle theorems concepts. The sample size was composed of 164 students. Using a separate t-test and descriptive statistics, the Geometry Achievement test was investigated. A pre-test was given before the experiment (post-test) began. The students who engaged in guided discovery instruction outperformed than those who did not when teaching and learning Circle theorems.

Findings: The findings suggested that student-centered methods like guided discovery can greatly improve students’ achievement in the study of circle theorems. One of the implications derived from the study indicated that guided discovery teaching approach offers students the chance to put a method of learning into practice after they have used it. This was done by using illustrations of diagrams on cardboard. This must be considered in the planning of educators and subject-matter experts. For pre-tertiary education, the government must make it mandatory to use cardboard, mathematical instruments, and instructional sheets as teaching aids. Since visual representations of Euclidean Geometry diagrams bring reality to teaching and learning through pictures and diagrams, the importance of visualization and experimentation in learning circle theorems should not be underestimated by teachers or students. This will improve their conceptual understanding.

Implications to Theory, Practice and Policy: One can recommend that in order to enhance the performance of SHS students, it will be most advantageous to introduce guided discovery teaching methods to pre- and in-service teachers, through promotion by Ghana Education Service and/or other stakeholders in the education sector. This introduction may be distributed through workshops and seminars for mathematics teachers' instructional techniques and skills will improve as a result. This study has added a lot to our understanding of the world. The guided discovery teaching method approach to teaching circle theorems has been strengthened and expanded as a result of this research, first and foremost. This thesis thus makes a substantial enhancement of the body of knowledge. The research also explains and backs up the notion that guided discovery methods aid students' academic endeavors. This shows that the teaching process engages students' attention and improves their capacity for memory and recall.
Some Roman coin finds from Southern Moldavia
Authors: MUNTEANU Lucian , BOȚAN Sever-Petru , APOSTU Aurora-Emilia
Published: February 2024

We present in this paper three batches of Roman coins belonging to Roman Republican and Imperial hoards, from the collections of Museum of Vrancea in Focșani and Town Museum in Adjud. The coins were discovered in the following locations: I. Adjud (Vrancea County) (3 AR dated from C. Maianus to C. Mamilius Limetanus); II. Repedea (Străoane commune, Vrancea county) (4 AR, dated from M. Papirius Carbo to Ulpia Severina); III. Olăreni (Slobozia Bradului commune, Vrancea county) (6 AR, dated from Marcus Antonius to Marcus Aurelius and 1 AE – Constantinopolis type). In regards to the last two hoards we have serious doubts that the most recent coins actually belong to the initial findings.
Late Roman tableware from Argamum ‒ “faleză est” sector. Phocaean ware
Authors: MOCANU Marian
Published: February 2024

In this article it is analysed the pottery produced in Phocaean workshops, discovered in the “Faleză Est” sector of the late Roman fortress Argamum. The forms identified are H 1, H 2, H 3, H 4, H 5, H 8 and H 10. Most common of all by far is the form H 3. Chronologically, the studied ceramic group dates between the middle of the 4th century and the third quarter of the 7th century
The Cucuteni A-B settlement of Băiceni – Dâmbul Morii. History of research
Authors: BALAUR Radu-Ștefan
Published: February 2024

The research of the settlement from Băiceni – Dâmbul Morii (known in the archaeological literature as Cucuteni – Dâmbul Morii) is closely related to the excavations carried out in the eponymous site of Cucuteni-Cetățuia. The first mention, under the name of “Settlement in the valley”, was made by the German scientist Hubert Schmidt, the author of the first monograph dedicated to the Cucuteni culture. The research carried out during several campaigns, in three sectors called A, B, and C, made important contributions in establishing the periodization of the Cucuteni A-B phase. Eight dwellings and a defensive ditch were investigated. The already known information regarding the settlement from Dâmbul Morii was completed by applying modern research techniques (geophysical surveys).
Les militaires provenant du milieu rural de la Mésie Inférieure dont l’origine est certaine: les cas des cohortes prétoriennes
Authors: MIHAILESCU-BÎRLIBA Lucreţiu
Published: February 2024

Our main goal here is not to peruse the development of the sanctuary or its relation to the political setting as this would be a topic for further analyses. We intend to present in this article some preliminary observations on the mantic techniques, their use, evolution and the credibility of some sources
The Long Path of Nanāia from Mesopotamia to Central and South Asia
Authors: SCHUMANN Andrew , SAZONOV Vladimir
Published: February 2024

In this paper we show that the Mesopotamian goddess Nanāia had some attributes (such as ‘warrior goddess’ and ‘sitting on a tiger/lion/standing with a lion/lions’) which were preserved in her worship from the period of Ur III (the second millennium BC) in Mesopotamia up to the period of the Kuṣāṇas and Kūšānšāhs (from the 1st century AD to the late 4th century AD), and even up to the period of later Nomadic dynasties of Northern India, such as the Kidarites and Hephthalites (from the 4th century AD to the 8th century AD) in Central and South \ Asia. In later stages we detect early Hindu images of Nanāia presented as Durgā as well as early Hindu images of the divine couple Oešo and Nanāia presented as Umāmaheśvara. So, the standard Indian iconographic motif of Durgā could be traced back to the Mesopotamian goddess Nanāia.
Contumatz Pricske. A study of Historical Archaeology
Authors: DEMJÉN Andrea , GOGÂLTAN Florin
Published: February 2024

This article presents some theoretical aspects related to historical archaeology and mountain landscape archaeology research domains. There were noted various research projects from Transylvania that involved archaeological discoveries found at altitudes above 800 m. Regarding historical archaeology in Romania, the concept and methodology of approaching the recent past, is a field of research that includes only a few recent projects. That is why the Contumaz Pricske project was synthetically presented, for researching a quarantine that operated between 1732-1808 in eastern Transylvania, on the border between the Habsburg Empire and Moldova. This research involved the exploitation of documentary sources from various archives, the use of cartographic sources and conducting archaeological excavations.
A new Late Bronze Age sceptre-pestle discovered at Limanu, Constanța County (SE Romania)
Authors: AILINCĂI Sorin-Cristian , MIHAIL Florian , ȘUȘMAN Carmen
Published: February 2024

Late Bronze Age stone sceptres/pestles are a category of artefacts enjoying a certain distinction, found
across a vast area, from the western Black Sea to Central Asia. On this instance, we publish one such object discovered
in Limanu, Constanta County (south-eastern Romania), which can be attributed to type II according to the typology
established by Nikolaus Boroffka and Eugen Sava. Such sceptres/pestles are mostly made of local rock and can be
assigned to the Noua-Sabatinovka-Coslogeni cultures. The low wear and tear of the pieces indicates usage. This may
imply that the objects stopped being used shortly after their allocation or that they were used for ceremonial purposes
for a short period.
On the Churches and the Fortresses of Dracula
Authors: SIMON Alexandru
Published: February 2024

Two weeks, before the predictable, yet unexpected death of King Matthias Corvinus (April 6, 1490), the great crusader congress of Christendom began in Rome (March 25, 1490), after a year’s delay. From the speeches delivered at the congress, at whose abrupt end (triggered by the war for the Hunyadi successions), the Dacians were seated after the Hungarians and the Poles among the Eastern forces of the crusader project, time – rightfully – recorded the oration of Filippo Buonaccorsi Callimachus, the envoy of Casimir IV Jagiello, the king of Poland. “Enchanted adversary” and “jealous admirer” of the late king of Hungary, Croatia and Bohemia, but also of Dacia (according to Pope Pius II in March 1462, at least), Callimachus twice mentioned the long deceased Vlad III (VladislavDracula for the Italian humanist, as well as for many of his contemporaries), Vlad had been the ally, the prisoner and twice the relative – certainly by marriage – of the son the athleta of the Cross, John Hunyadi. For Callimachus, Vlad had been the imperator et dux of the Wallachians, a title that recalled – in Dantesque and millennalist fashion – the titles of the ancient Roman emperors, therefore – openly in fact – challenging Matthias’ claimed Roman origins (and supremacy) and also his rightful rule over – paternal moreover – Wallachia.
The lives of Matthias and Vlad seemed intertwined after their deaths. A few churches and a couple of fortresses indicate why the two lords, the two relatives after all, could not be separated after none of them ruled. This should not come as a complete surprise given only the fact the “modern  image” of Vlad was shaped – rather unjustified – by a monastery (Snagov) and by a fortress (Poenari). Arms, walls and crosses were the foundations of true – Christian (medieval) – imperial power, divinely military.
The early metal daggers in the Carpathian-Danubian area: contexts, significance, and functionality
Authors: BĂJENARU Radu
Published: February 2024

The author discusses the problem of prehistoric metal daggers discovered in the Carpathian-Danubian area. Particular attention is paid to the contexts from which these daggers come, observing a certain differentiation during the Chalcolithic, Bronze and early Iron Age. Thus, in the Chalcolithic, early and middle Bronze Age, most daggers come from settlements and graves, a very small number being found in hoards and single depositions. On the contrary, in the late Bronze Age and early Iron Age, the ratio changes significantly, with most daggers being found in hoards and single finds. It is very likely that this differentiation will also reflect changes in the meaning and functionality of daggers within those prehistoric societies.
Monarchy in the Iron Age Levant and Archaic Greece: the Rulers of Corinth in a Comparative Context
Authors: KÕIV Mait
Published: February 2024

Tyrannies emerging in the Greek poleis during the Archaic period (8.–6. centuries BC), among
which the rule of the Kypselid dynasty in Corinth appears as an outstanding example, were in many
respects comparable to the city-state monarchies in Ancient Near East, particularly in Iron Age Levant.
The rulers performed important governmental functions and were able to legitimate their power for a
notable period of time. However, differently from the East, these monarchies were never wholly
entrenched and were eventually replaced by republican governments. The article explores the reason
for this difference, suggesting that it was caused by the relative egalitarianism of the Greek society
precluding an accumulation of sufficient resources for entrenching the power.
Religious Syncretism and Control Over the Territory: Pharaohs in Southern Levant During the Late Bronze Age
Authors: TUCCI Giulia
Published: February 2024

Egyptian domination on the territories of Southern Levant during the Late Bronze Age brought the
conquerors to maintain close contacts with the local population. Among other techniques of domination, the
Pharaohs made massive use of political and religious propaganda. The identification of some divinities of the
Egyptian and Palestinian Pantheons enabled both populations to share the same places of worship, which promoted
contact with local communities and made integration and life together possible. This cultural entanglement
operation had both ideological and functional goals. Palestinian shrines and temples became multifunctional
centers well integrated into the socio-cultural context, used as the centers for the collection of taxes
imposed by the Egyptian rulers.
Two Dacian soldiers in Numidia during the reign of Septmius Severus
Authors: GĂMĂNUȚ Casian
Published: February 2024

Most of the inscriptions that mention soldiers with Dacian origin that served in the garrisons of the North African provinces were recruited in the first half of the 2nd century. Two of them, however, are attested in inscriptions that, despite the difficulties to restore and date the texts, most probably were set sometime at during the reign of Septimius Severus. Originating from Sarmizegetusa and Napoca, the two soldiers were contemporaries with an intense military and political activity in both Numidia and Africa Proconsularis. In this paper we try to show the historical circumstances of their military careers and, more precisely, to present the actions that the Roman army operated during those years. We would be able to better understand, in this way, what was the political and military environment in North Africa when these two soldiers were active and in what kind of events they witnessed or participated in.
Delius of Plutarch and Dias of Flavius Philostratus: On the Political Activities of Platonists in the Fourth Century BC
Authors: Kholod Maxim M.
Published: February 2024

The present paper evaluates from the point of view of historical credibility two passages, that of Plutarch (Adv. Colot., 32.1126d) and that of Flavius Philostratus (Vitae soph., 485–486), where respectively Delius and Dias appear. The first of the persons, as is claimed, especially influenced Alexander the Great and the second did Philip II in the matter of the war against Persia. The author argues that in contrast to Philostratus’ report, Plutarch’s account can well be accepted (albeit not without reservations) as credible.
Poissonniers et Marchands de Poisson Salé dans l’Antiquité Classique
Authors: DUMITRACHE Iulia
Published: February 2024

L’ouvrage est une revue des sources littéraires, épigraphiques et papyrologiques qui mentionnent des personnages impliqués, d’une manière ou d’une autre, dans les activités liées à la transformation et à la distribution du poisson salé dans l’Antiquité classique. Si les sources littéraires proviennent majoritairement du milieu hellénophone et présentent notamment la manière dont ces activités ont été reçues dans l’esprit collectif, les autres sont des témoignages du mode de représentation de ces individus, seuls ou au sein d’associations professionnelles. De même, si pour l’ouest du bassin méditerranéen on parle davantage du commerce de poisson salé, les régions orientales, ainsi que le bassin pontique, montrent une plus grande propension aux activités halieutiques, donc liées à la pêche.
Themes and Motifs in the Letters of Aldelmo of Malmesbury. The Man, The Literature, The Society
Authors: MASCOLI Patrizia
Published: February 2024

Among the epistolary collections that have come down to us, the epistolary of Aldelmo of Malmesbury, of which the first Italian translation is in progress, is of interest. This paper deals with some key themes which occur in the letters of this bishop, related to society and human behavior.
A New Lot of Greek Amphoric Stamps from Medgidia Elenistic 1 site, Constanța County
Authors: MATEEVICI Natalia , COLȚEANU Petre
Published: February 2024

The preventive archaeological research carried out on the Medgidia Elenistic 1 site, by MINA Constanța, which took place between November 2022 and July 2023, brought to light a rich and beautiful ceramic material of all kinds, from Getic and Scythian hand modeled pottery by – to luxury black-glazed Greek vessels, gray pottery and, of course, a rich batch of Greek amphorae and their fragments. In general terms, the discovered material falls chronologically between the IV and III BC.Among the amphoric material, the majority on the site, a special place is occupied by the amphoric stamps (67), coming from 6 Greek producing centers, both Mediterranean – Thasos, Cnidos, Rhodes, and from the Pontic ones – Heraclea, Sinope, Chersones. Among the stamps from Medgidia, some specimens of unknown centers were also noticed, some present for the first time in the W-NW area of ​​the Black Sea, as well as, we believe, a new Sinopean producer. Most of the stamps belong to the Sinopean amphoric production – 34, which represents 60% of the total of this lot.From a chronological point of view, the batch of stamps discovered on the Medgidia Elenistic 1 site falls between the first half of the century 4th and mid-century 3rd century Chr.
Territorium Ciuitatis Ausdecensium: an Open Issue of Ancient Topo-Demography
Authors: CODESCU Alexandru
Published: February 2024

This paper aims at re-examining the available data regarding the location of ciuitas Ausdecensium in Moesia Inferior, starting from the uncertainty as to the place where was discovered the inscription CIL III 144372 – the famous boundary stone which records the resolution of a land dispute between this ciuitas and a neighbouring population of Dacians. The analysis is focused on some key-elements which could elucidate the relation between ciuitas Ausdecensium and the Thracian strategy Οὐσδικησική recorded by Ptolemy: the fact that we deal with a boundary stone which, therefore, was initially placed at an extremity of the territory belonging to this ciuitas, the fact that this territory extended in the opposite direction, most probably to the south, from the place where the boundary stone was installed, as well as the fact that the interprovincial border between Moesia Inferior and Thracia is considered to have passed north of the Balkans’ range, not very far from Danube’s line, although the exact border route is still debated. All these circumstances lead to the plausible consequence of territorium ciuitatis Ausdecensium reaching the interprovincial borderline. At its turn, this consequence, corroborated with the location in northern Thracia of the strategy Οὐσδικησική, according to Ptolemy’s account, supports the possible contiguity between territorium ciuitatis Ausdecensium and the territory of the strategy Οὐσδικησική. If this hypothesis is accurate, it may shed light on the processes that led to the creation of this ciuitas and, at the same time, could generate the need to be reassessed the opinion that considers this population of southern Thracian origin as having been relocated to Dobruja.
A Greek graffito Discovered in the Sântana de Mureș-Chernyakhov Settlement from Negrilești, Galați County
Authors: HONCU Ana , CIOBOTARU Paul
Published: February 2024

The paper publishes a Greek graffito on a Zeest 80 amphora, found in Negrilești, in the settlement of Sântana de Mureș- Chernyakhov culture. The words ΝΑΥΚΛΕΡ(…) ΕΛΛΗΝΙΚΟΝ inscribed on the upper part of the amphora can be associated with primary content the transport process –loading the container on the ship at the place of origin of the content. The characteristics of the amphora and the inscription are connected with the oil supply in the province of Scythia. The information highlights the trade connections of the settlements from the Lower Danube with the eastern provinces of Roman Empire at the end of the 3rd century, the beginning of the 4th century AD.
Analysis of the Elemental Composition of Four Bronze Sickles Dated at the Late Bronze Age
Authors: LAZANU Ciprian-Cătălin
Published: February 2024

The present study presents the analysis of the elemental composition of four bronze sickles, three with hooked handle and one with holes on the handle, two from the deposit at Valea lui Darie, Vaslui county, one from the bronze deposit at Ciorani, and one discovered in a dwelling from the settlement belonging to the Noua culture from Dodești, following systematic archaeological research. The sickles from the Valea lui Darie deposit belong to the Ghermănești type, the Ghermănești variant, the Ciorani sickle to the Ilișești variant of the Ghermănești type, and the Dodești sickle to the Heleșteni type. These types of sickles are characteristic for the Late Bronze Age east of the Carpathians, being chronologically placed between XII – X BC. The elemental composition of the four pieces was identified by employing non-invasive analysis with a mobile spectrometer, Thermo Niton XL3, resulting in a composition of a binary copper-tin alloy (Cu-Sn), to which a number of secondary elements are added: arsenic, antimony, iron, nickel, lead, titanium, and sulphur. In the case of the sickle from Dodești, the percentage of lead is 1.593% which could come from the composition of the copper or tin ores used, given that the percentage should be higher than 2-3% to be considered an intentional addition. Arsenic was also identified in the composition of the four sickles, but in small percentages, > 1%, most likely coming from the composition of the copper ore used. The elemental composition of ancient artefacts enables the establishment of correlations between different types of objects, production areas, raw material resource areas, and distribution patterns. Based on the elemental composition, the four sickles fall into the group of copper objects with arsenic, antimony/antimony, and nickel as the main secondary elements.
Message Binary Matrix Reshaping and Rotating Left to Encrypt-Decrypt Secret Message
Authors: Subaih E. Bassam Moh’d Saleem , Hamdan E. Mazen Abdel Aziz , AlQadi Ziad
Published: February 2024

Secret messages are the most circulated via communication environments digital data, these messages may be secret, private, and the communication environment may unsafe, so they need protection from being hacked. In this paper research a simple method of message cryptography will be proposed, the method will use one round and simplified set of instruction to apply message encryption-decryption. The method will use a simple private key to determine the reshaping factor and the number of rotating left digits. The message binary matrix will be reshaped to a number of columns equal the reshaping factor, and each columns will be rotated left for a selected number of digits to apply message encryption-decryption. The reshaping factor will be tested to show the best choice of the reshaping factor, which will provide the best performance, the message length will be tested and some recommendations will be provided. The quality of the proposed method will tested by implementing various messages and examining the quality parameters values to prove that the proposed method will satisfy the quality requirements of good crypto system.
Technological Tools and their Impact on Ghanaian Language (Twi) Lesson Delivery: The Role of the College Tutor
Authors: Adobea Agnes , Nyantakyi Gabriel Kwasi , Fosu Peter , Tuffour David Adu
Published: February 2024

This investigation examined how in recent years, technological advancements have significantly transformed various aspects of education, including language (Twi) learning and teaching. The impact of technological tools on Ghanaian language (Twi) lesson delivery: The role of college tutors in integrating these tools effectively to achieve quality education cannot be over-emphasized in achieving quality education. The purpose of this investigation was to understand how the utilization of technology can enhance the teaching and learning experiences of Ghanaian languages specifically Twi, while also examining the challenges faced by tutors in using these tools in their lesson delivery. The study adopts a single research approach, qualitative data collection methods. The research design was descriptive in nature. Interviews were conducted on college tutors in Ghanaian language (Twi) departments and units to gauge their awareness, attitudes, and experiences regarding the use of technological tools in language instruction. In all, fifty (50) participants were targeted for the investigation. Focus group discussions and interviews were used to elicit significant information for the data analysis from Wesley College of Education, St. Ambrose College of Education, Akrokerri College of Education and Atebubu College of Education. The investigation revealed that most of the Ghanaian Language (Twi) tutors lack the knowledge and skills to use the technological tools. It was also identified that technological tools facilitate teaching and learning process. The Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) theory was the theoretical framework on which this investigation was conducted.
Internal Communication Strategies and Employee Engagement
Authors: Kimani Bryce
Published: February 2024

Purpose: The general purpose of the study was to investigate internal communi8cation strategies and employee engagement.

Methodology: The study adopted a desktop research methodology. Desk research refers to secondary data or that which can be collected without fieldwork. Desk research is basically involved in collecting data from existing resources hence it is often considered a low cost technique as compared to field research, as the main cost is involved in executive’s time, telephone charges and directories. Thus, the study relied on already published studies, reports and statistics. This secondary data was easily accessed through the online journals and library.

Findings: The findings reveal that there exists a contextual and methodological gap relating to political public relations. Preliminary empirical review revealed that the importance of effective internal communication strategies in fostering employee engagement is evident from numerous studies, which consistently highlight the positive association between transparent communication, two-way communication, leadership communication, and the use of multiple communication channels with higher levels of engagement. Leadership communication, particularly, plays a crucial role in shaping organizational culture and values, impacting employees' commitment to organizational goals. However, challenges such as information overload, language barriers, and discrepancies in communication effectiveness across departments exist. Addressing these challenges requires a multifaceted approach, including training programs and technology investment. Overall, this study underscores the significance of internal communication in enhancing engagement and organizational success, emphasizing the need for future research to explore specific strategies and emerging trends in different organizational contexts.

Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: The Social Exchange theory, Self-Determination theory and Social Identity theory may be used to anchor future studies on internal communication strategies. The study offered key recommendations to enhance organizational practices and improve employee engagement. It emphasizes the importance of transparency, two-way communication, and effective leadership communication in fostering trust and collaboration among employees. Additionally, leveraging multiple communication channels, ensuring consistent messaging, and recognizing employee contributions are vital for promoting engagement and motivation. By implementing these recommendations, organizations can cultivate a positive work environment where employees feel valued, informed, and empowered to contribute to organizational success.
The Power of Storytelling in Public Relations
Authors: Keith Allison
Published: February 2024

Purpose: The general purpose of this study was to explore the power of storytelling in public relations.

Methodology: The study adopted a desktop research methodology. Desk research refers to secondary data or that which can be collected without fieldwork. Desk research is basically involved in collecting data from existing resources hence it is often considered a low cost technique as compared to field research, as the main cost is involved in executive’s time, telephone charges and directories. Thus, the study relied on already published studies, reports and statistics. This secondary data was easily accessed through the online journals and library.

Findings: The findings reveal that there exists a contextual and methodological gap relating to online reputation in the age of cancel culture. The study concluded that storytelling is a powerful tool in public relations, shaping public perceptions, building brand identities, and forging connections with audiences. It emphasized the human inclination towards narratives and their ability to engage emotionally, enhance brand recall, and differentiate organizations. Storytelling is seen as crucial in crisis communication, enabling organizations to humanize their brand and restore trust. Additionally, strategic storytelling is highlighted for driving social change and advocacy, mobilizing support, and raising awareness of societal issues. Overall, the study underscored storytelling as a strategic imperative in modern PR, essential for brand equity, reputation management, and driving positive social impact in an increasingly competitive media landscape.

Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: The Agenda Setting theory, Social Learning theory and Cultivation theory ay be used to anchor future studies on the power of storytelling. Storytelling emerged as a potent tool for effective communication in the realm of public relations, tapping into intrinsic human inclination towards narratives. Through carefully crafted narratives, organizations articulated their values, mission, and unique selling propositions, differentiating themselves from competitors. In times of adversity, storytelling humanized brands, conveyed authenticity, and restored trust among stakeholders. Moreover, strategic storytelling drove social change and advocacy initiatives by mobilizing support, raising awareness, and inspiring action around pressing societal issues. The study affirmed storytelling as a strategic imperative in modern public relations practice, essential for engaging audiences, shaping perceptions, and driving positive social impact.