bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Jóvenes solos en frontera: migraciones y violencias
Authors:   Universidad de Barcelona, España, Premat Katz Celia , Sánchez-García José ,   Universidad Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, España
Published: September 2022

La complejidad de situaciones y motivaciones de jóvenes marroquís para iniciar un proyecto migratorio hacia Europa, junto con las violencias intrínsecas que surgen, acaban vulnerando los derechos de éstos. Esto nos impulsó a crear un proyecto de investigación colaborativo entre el Casal dels Infants y Transgang (UPF) y el proyecto Rassif. Se concretó a través de una co-construcción de conocimiento: con seminarios participativos entre profesionales de ambas orillas, entrevistas a profesionales, menores y jóvenes y usando la observación participante como instrumento de análisis. Los resultados nos indican la necesidad de no centrarse en el joven únicamente, sino en el papel clave de la interacción de éste con el contexto social y cómo en este proceso se encuentra con agentes y redes que usan la violencia simbólica y estructural para determinar el no futuro de los mismos. Visibilizando una generación con pocas oportunidades y muchas violencias, a pesar de iniciar un proyecto migratorio lleno de deseos y voluntades.
Cristalização: teoria e prática
Authors:   Universidade de São Paulo. Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Andreeta José Pedro
Published: September 2022

O rápido desenvolvimento de novos materiais e a sua importância tecnológica levou a maioria das universidades e institutos de pesquisa à criação de uma nova área de conhecimento denominada "ciência dos materiais". Essa nova área congrega, atualmente, em todo o mundo, físicos, químicos, engenheiros e tecnólogos das mais diversas formações, com o objetivo de obter-se novos materiais, bem como o de aprimorar as propriedades dos materiais conhecidos, cujos requisitos para as novas aplicações tecnológicas são crescentes. Os fenômenos de cristalização, que abrangem os processos de nucleação e de crescimento de cristais, constituem uma área relativamente pequena, entretanto, importante, na ciência dos materiais. Esta obra é o resultado de pesquisas do autor na preparação, pelos mais diferentes métodos, de centenas de monocristais e de fibras monocristalinas e destina-se, portanto, a ser o primeiro passo, nesse campo de atividade, aos iniciantes na área de preparação de monocristais pelos métodos mais difundidos.
Individualidade e desenvolvimento moral em J. S. Mill
Authors: Brand Isabel de Almeida
Published: September 2022

O fio condutor dos argumentos apresentados por J. S. Mill em On Liberty é de que o aperfeiçoamento da humanidade tem como fonte infalível e permanente o espírito da liberdade. Nosso objetivo é mostrar que o conceito de liberdade milliana se equilibra entre a promoção do cultivo da individualidade, na sua mais ampla pluralidade, e o desenvolvimento moral da sociedade.
Retórica e verdade na filosofia política de Hannah Arendt
Authors: Souza Luciana Costa de
Published: September 2022

O presente artigo tem como objetivo mostrar quais são os conceitos retóricos presentes em dois ensaios de Hannah Arendt, Filosofia e Política e Verdade e Política, a fim de explicitar a conturbada relação entre verdade filosófica e política, e como essa querela está relacionada ao modo de vida do filósofo. A retórica e a persuasão não eram em si um problema para o pensamento político de Hannah Arendt, porquanto uma vez que a retórica estivesse condicionada à amizade, ela se tornaria um instrumento político e pedagógico importantíssimo para a manutenção da vida política. Por outro lado, o uso da retórica sem esse condicionamento deixava em evidência a fragilidade de tipos diferentes de verdade diante da opinião, entre elas a verdade filosófica, que embora não seja tão frágil quanto a verdade de fato, depende da preservação do espaço público e do livre uso do discurso. Por fim, demonstrar-se-á a solução desse conflito por meio da possibilidade de uma nova Filosofia Política, que tem como fio condutor o pensamento e a linguagem.
Espelho da memória: Sylvia Caiuby Novaes através da fotografia
Authors: Silva Jeferson Carvalho da , Koide Kelly , Kontic Laila Zilber , Hirano Luis Felipe Kojima , Mahara Maria Luiza
Published: September 2022

Para entrar no universo de Sylvia Caiuby Novaes, somos convidados a embarcar em uma verdadeira viagem. Para alguém que tem a fotografia como parte central de sua trajetória profissional e afetiva, não poderia haver uma forma melhor. Este ensaio visual, construído a muitas mãos, é composto por fotografias dessa trajetória sobre a qual indicamos o itinerário. Resultado de longas conversas, visitas aos arquivos e às memórias de Sylvia, as montagens que apresentamos a seguir nos levam a conhecer pessoas e lugares que a antropóloga se afeiçoou e fez morada. Em um jogo de espelhos, Sylvia revisita diferentes momentos de sua trajetória, costurados numa trama onde os acontecimentos vividos e lembrados nos revelam algo próprio de tudo que está em permanente criação.
Editorial
Authors: Novaes Sylvia Caiuby , Barbosa Andrea , Cunha Edgar Teodoro da , Giesbrecht Érica , Barbosa Francirosy Campos , Dawsey John Cowart , Lopes Paula Morgado Dias , Hikiji Rose Satiko Gitirana , Grunvald Vi
Published: September 2022

Editorial do volume 7 da GIS
Reevaluating Democracy Promotion
Authors: Pee Robert , Lucas Scott
Published: September 2022

The Reagan administration not only pursued democratization in hostile states but also pressured allied authoritarian regimes to reform and occasionally supported “soft” regime changes to defuse internal tensions in countries that were important for U.S. strategic interests. The convergence between mid-level officials, autonomous democracy promoters, and key policymakers was most fruitful when these groups believed that U.S. interests would be vulnerable without political intervention. Evaluations of the stability and legitimacy of the existing governments influenced judgments about whether to pursue regime reform, either by keeping the existing elites in power within new democratic structures or by seeking to empower opposition groups and facilitating the rise of new elites. A critique of this approach is an essential addition to our understanding of the Reagan administration’s policies vis-à-vis allied states.
Comment l’âme voit l’intellect. Une note textuelle en marge de Plotin, Enn. IV 6 (41) 2, 22-24
Authors: Taormina Daniela P.
Published: September 2022

This note aims to show that the text attested by the Medieval sources for Plotinus, Ennead IV, 6 (41) 2, 22-24 can be retained, notwithstanding the doubts of several scholars who tried to amend it. Retaining the manuscript tradition enables us to read in the passage three different kinds of vision of the soul : (1) the soul’s ordinary vision of itself, characterized by duality and otherness ; (2) the soul’s vision of intellect and (3) its vision of itself, when she is within the intelligible : both these visions are characterized by the unified duality of the subject and the object of vision.
A 16th-Century Maecenas and his Client. Three Previously Unedited Letters from the Louvain Professor Petrus Nannius (1496–1557) to his Patron Antoine Perrenot de Granvelle (1517–1586)
Authors: Feys Xander
Published: September 2022

The present contribution focuses on three previously unedited letters from the Louvain professor of Latin, Petrus Nannius (Nanninck; 1496–1557), to his patron Antoine Perrenot de Granvelle (1517–1586). The letters, now kept in Madrid at the Biblioteca Nacional de España and Real Biblioteca del Palacio Real, date from November 1545, April 1546, and January 1551. They reveal novel insights with regard to the professor’s biography, most notably that by 1551, through his patron’s mediation, he enjoyed a prebend from the Dendermonde Chapter and was most likely appointed canon there. By means of these new snippets of information, I reassess and further define the patronus-cliens relationship between Nannius and Granvelle, after which I edit the letters critically for the first time.
A Precursor and Successor to William Jones: Marcus Zuerius Boxhorn’s Contribution to the Scythian Theory and Comparative Linguistics
Authors: Van Hal Toon
Published: September 2022

In an increasing number of general introductions to historical linguistics, Marcus Zuerius Boxhorn, a seventeenth-century Leiden scholar, is taking William Jones’ place as ‘founding father’ of comparative linguistics. This article focuses on Boxhorn’s investigations into and explanations for the similarities between several European languages and a number of Asian languages, currently known as the Scythian theory. After providing a chronological outline of Boxhorn’s Scythian research endeavours, the article examines what Boxhorn precisely understands by the ‘Scythian language’, which languages are part of the Scythian language family, and how Boxhorn methodologically undergirds his ideas. The article, questioning the urge to designate one specific founding father for the discipline, pays special attention to conceptual and methodological ‘weaknesses’ in Boxhorn’s framework, which tend to be glossed over in recent literature.
Cunninghamella verrucosa sp. nov. (Mucorales, Mucoromycota) from Guangdong Province in China
Authors: WANG YU-JIE , ZHAO TING , WU WEN-YING , WANG MU , LIU XIAO-YONG
Published: September 2022

Species of Cunninghamella are ubiquitous in soil, flower and plant debris. Its metabolites have various biological activities, such as antifungal and antibacterial functions. In this study, we describe a new species C. verrucosa from soil in Guangdong Province, China. This species is characterized by one to several broken pedicels on the surface of clavate vesicles, unbranched or simply branched sporangiophores, and globose sporangiola. Phylogenetic analyses strongly show that C. verrucosa is sister to C. clavata. Together with this new species, a total of 22 taxa, including 19 species and three varieties, has been described in Cunninghamella. Accordingly, an updated key to the taxa of Cunninghamella is also provided in this study.
A micromechanical study of the fatigue behavior of MWCNT-modified carbon fibers/epoxy resin single filament composites subjected to cyclic loadings
Authors: Muñoz-Vélez Mario F , Rivas-Menchi Aarón , Valadez-González Alex , Herrera-Franco Pedro J
Published: September 2022

This paper presents a comprehensive study on the impact of surface modification of carbon fibers using multiple-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) to improve the load-transfer capacity of the fiber-matrix interface of an epoxy matrix composite subjected to dynamic loads. The single-fiber fragmentation technique (SFFT) was utilized to characterize the length of interfase damage (IDL) produced by quasi-static and dynamic loadings for linear elastic and plastic strains and the residual efficiency of interfacial stress transfer. A finite element model was used to validate the optical measurement and the extent of interfase damage. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) corroborated the presence of the MWCNTs on the surface of the carbon fibers. The interfacial shear strength (IFSS) increased by approximately 27.5%, attributed to the carbon nanotubes and a more significant fiber-matrix stress transfer. The application of dynamic loads decreased the mechanical properties of the matrix, premature fragmentation of the carbon fiber, and interfacial damage, which led to a reduction in the interfase load-transfer capacity. However, the incorporation of carbon nanotubes in the interface decreased the adverse effects generated by the application of cyclic loads, mainly the propagation of interfacial damage.
Secessionist conflict and affective polarization: Evidence from Catalonia
Authors: Balcells Laia , Kuo Alexander
Published: September 2022

Can secessionism be a basis for affective or social polarization? Despite much research on independence movements, their relationship to polarization, a key mechanism theorized as increasing the risk of violent conflict, remains less understood. We argue that the issue of secession can affectively polarize along both policy and ethnic group lines even in the case of nonviolent disputes, and posit a number of expectations regarding such secessionist-based polarization. We test our argument with the case of Catalonia, a substate territory that has experienced a deep secessionist crisis since 2017, using new data from a panel survey and embedded experiments fielded across two key time periods. We find that individuals’ secessionist preferences condition high levels of affective polarization, in that pro- and anti-independence advocates have strong negative views of one another. In addition, there is spillover in terms of stereotypes of associated language groups (i.e. Catalan, Spanish). Importantly, we find a group of moderates in between the two policy poles that exhibit far less polarization. Finally, we document the persistence of these overall patterns. Our results contribute to understanding the underexplored polarization dynamics of secessionist movements, particularly in contexts where high intensity violence (e.g. terrorism, civil war) has not occurred.
Uses and Gratifications of Music in Bereavement: A Qualitative Inquiry
Authors: Merrill Kelly, Jr. , Catron Erica , Hamlin Emily , Calhoun Jamie , Hastings Sally O.
Published: September 2022

This study investigates the role of music during bereavement. Music plays a role in peoples’ bereavement experiences and gets associated with numerous memories. Despite widespread recognition of the importance of music, little research has considered what bereaved individuals “gain” through their musical selections. This study takes a uses and gratifications approach to analyze interview data about how bereaved individuals incorporate music in their grief journey. Interviews were conducted with 28 participants. Two coders analyzed the data to identify common themes regarding uses of music during bereavement. Data show 5 reasons the bereaved offer for using music: creating connections, co-presence, positive and negative mood management, and projection. The findings demonstrate everyday ways that individuals process their grief in a way that has been largely ignored in the bereavement literature and offer insight into the ways that music can be strategically used by laypeople to process grief.
Bilateral Training Improves Agility and Accuracy for Both Preferred and Non-Preferred Legs in Young Soccer Players
Authors: Ben Kahla Ahmed , Elghoul Yousri , Ammar Achraf , Masmoudi Liwa , Trabelsi Khaled , Glenn Jordan M. , Dahmen Riadh
Published: September 2022

As laterality of the lower limbs is regarded as a relevant influence on soccer performance, we assessed whether a bilateral training program for both the preferred leg (PL) and non-preferred leg (NPL) would improve soccer players’ lateral asymmetry, agility, and accuracy. Sixty right-foot-dominant young soccer players were randomly assigned to either an experimental group (EXP) that underwent bilateral training or a control group (CONT) that performed their usual training schedule without bilateral exercise. We assessed the players’ lateral asymmetries before and after training on four soccer skill tasks: a zigzag test with and without a ball, a receiving and direct volley-shooting accuracy test, and a passing accuracy test. Results showed post-test versus pre-test performance improvements for the EXP group on the index of technical skills and agility ( p < .001). A post-hoc analysis further revealed a pre-test to post-test performance improvement on shooting and passing accuracy with both legs only for the EXP group ( p < .001). These results support the role of bilateral practice in improving lateral asymmetries, agility, and accuracy.
Concurrent Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance in a Patient With Maxillary Sinus Fungus Ball
Authors: Kim Kyung Soo , Min Hyun Jin
Published: September 2022

Fungus ball is a common disease encountered in rhinology departments. As it usually affects immunocompetent patients, other systemic diseases occurring concurrently with fungus ball have not been reported often. Recently, we encountered a patient who was diagnosed with fungus ball in the maxillary sinus and underwent endoscopic sinus surgery. During the surgery, fungus ball-like materials were sucked out and a maxillary sinus mucosal biopsy was performed. The post-operative pathologic report demonstrated that there were many plasma cells; the patient underwent several additional tests in our hematologic department. Finally, he was diagnosed with monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS). In the present report, we summarize our experience with this patient and share the lessons that we have learned from this case.
Impaired Bone Microarchitecture at Distal Radial and Tibial Reference Locations Is Not Related to Injury Site in Athletes With Bone Stress Injury
Authors: Stürznickel Julian , Hinz Nico , Delsmann Maximilian M. , Hoenig Tim , Rolvien Tim
Published: September 2022

Background:

Bone stress injuries (BSIs) are common sports injuries that occur because of an imbalance between microdamage accumulation and removal through bone remodeling. The underlying bone phenotype has been assumed to be a contributing factor. However, the bone microarchitecture of athletes with BSI is not well characterized, and no study has investigated whether impaired bone microarchitecture is associated with bone composition or anatomic site of injury.

Purpose/Hypothesis:

This cross-sectional study characterizes the bone microarchitecture at distal radial and tibial reference locations in athletes with BSI. Based on previous dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) findings, the aim was to compare anatomic injury sites, hypothesizing that athletes with BSIs in bones with greater trabecular composition show impaired bone microarchitecture parameters compared with those with BSIs in bones with greater cortical composition.

Study Design:

Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3.

Methods:

Athletes who had presented to our outpatient clinic because of a high-grade BSI (ie, stress fracture) were retrospectively included. Blood and urine samples were collected. Areal bone mineral density (aBMD) was assessed by DXA at the lumbar spine and both hips. Bone microarchitecture was analyzed by high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography (HR-pQCT) at the distal radius and tibia. HR-pQCT parameters were expressed in relation to available sex-, age-, and device-adjusted reference values and compared with a cohort of 53 age- and sex-matched controls.

Results:

In total, 53 athletes had a BSI of the foot (n = 20), tibia/fibula (n = 18), pelvis (n = 9), femur (n = 5), or sternum (n = 1). Based on DXA measurements, a Z-score of −1.0 or lower was found in 32 of 53 (60.4%) of the athletes, of whom 16 of 53 (30.2%) had a Z score −2.0 or lower. While an impairment of cortical area ( P = .034 and P = .001) and thickness ( P = .029 and P < .001) was detected at the distal radius and tibia in the BSI cohort compared with controls, no differences in BMD or bone microarchitecture were observed between anatomic injury sites. Furthermore, no difference was revealed when BSIs were grouped into cortical- and trabecular-rich sites.

Conclusion:

Reduced aBMD and impaired cortical bone microarchitecture were present in a considerable number of athletes with BSI. Neither aBMD nor bone microarchitecture was related to the injury site, highlighting the multifactorial etiology of BSI.
Durkheim’s Failed Darwinian Encounter: Missed Opportunities on the Path to a Post-exemptionalist Environmental Sociology
Authors: McLaughlin Paul Joseph
Published: September 2022

The philosophical underpinnings of Durkheim’s failed Darwinian encounter have been neglected by environmental and mainstream sociologists. Although he claimed to employ Darwinian insights, Durkheim wrote during the eclipse of population thinking by an essentialist revival in biology. His inability to grasp the former and embrace of a specific variety of the latter explain the limitations and contradictions in his incipient environmental sociology and challenge the broader disciplinary myth that Durkheim discovered a new approach to theorizing society. Even his repudiation of Lamarckian analogies relied upon and reinforced his more fundamental commitment to essentialism. That commitment has contributed to the persistence of developmentalism within sociology and delayed a second Darwinian revolution. Seizing the opportunity that Durkheim missed by confronting the deeper lessons of the first Darwinian revolution offers the best hope for constructing a post-exemptionalist theory of societal-environmental interactions and addressing enduring disciplinary concerns with structural diversity and human agency.
Small Towns Talk: Clinical Competency Described Among Rural School Psychologists in Saskatchewan
Authors: Barker Conor , Carlson Berg Laurie
Published: September 2022

School psychologists serve the learning needs of students through assessment, intervention, and consultation. The school psychologist can often be the only mental health professional who travels into rural communities. In an effort to adapt to this context of clinical isolation, rural school psychologists develop specialty competencies to serve their clients. This study explores the competencies required among school psychologists practicing in rural regions of Saskatchewan. Eight rural school psychologists participated in a thematic Delphi process to describe the competencies needed in rural school psychology. The participants engaged in three rounds of data collection and collective data analysis and arrived at a strong level of agreement on the final outcomes. The findings describe rural school psychology knowledge (i.e., community knowledge, generalist knowledge, and system knowledge), skills (i.e., relationship skills, core psychologist skills, efficiency skills, and communication skills), attitudes (i.e., flexibility, openness, and compassion), and behaviors (i.e., being responsive, being empowering, being available, and being procedural). The present study results contribute to better defining and understanding the multiple roles and practices of rural school psychologists. Recommendations of the study invite psychologists, clinical supervisors, and psychology training programs to incorporate an emphasis on interpersonal relationships, a generalist approach to psychological services, and consider creative practices of rural practitioners to the initial training and ongoing professional development of school psychologists.
Impact of the Domestic Violence Housing First Model on Survivors’ Safety and Housing Stability: 12-Month Findings
Authors: Sullivan Cris M. , Guerrero Mayra , Simmons Cortney , López-Zerón Gabriela , Ayeni Oyesola Oluwafunmilayo , Farero Adam , Chiaramonte Danielle , Sprecher Mackenzie
Published: September 2022

Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a widespread and devastating phenomenon resulting in a myriad of long-term consequences for survivors and their children. IPV victimization not only has negative health and economic consequences, it has also been linked to homelessness and housing instability. In response, the Domestic Violence Housing First (DVHF) model is being used in some domestic violence (DV) agencies to help survivors attain safe and stable housing. The model includes using individualized advocacy and/or flexible funding to help survivors meet these goals. Using a longitudinal, quasi-experimental design, the current study involved conducting interviews with survivors and examining agency records to investigate the effectiveness of this model. We hypothesized that survivors who received DVHF would experience less re-abuse and greater housing stability over 12 months compared to those who received services as usual (SAU). The sample included 345 IPV survivors who had been homeless or unstably housed when they approached one of five DV programs for help. Interviews were spaced 6 months apart (when survivors first sought services as well as 6 months and 12 months later). Longitudinal analyses showed that survivors who received the DVHF model reported greater improvements in housing stability at both the 6-month and 12-month time points compared to those receiving SAU. At the 12-month time point, survivors who had received DVHF reported decreased physical, psychological, and economic abuse, as well as the use of their children against them as a form of abuse. This study adds to a growing body of evidence supporting this model’s effectiveness and adds to our understanding of factors impacting the long-term housing stability and safety for IPV survivors.
“Girls Are the Ones Who Save the Family”: Factors and Consequences of Engaging in Age-Disparate Transactional Sex Relationships
Authors: Munala Leso , Yewhalawork Bethlehem , Okunna Nene , Kihuha Jesse
Published: September 2022

The 2019 Kenya Violence Against Children Survey highlighted the increased prevalence of sexual violence experienced by girls; 62.6% of girls who have experienced childhood sexual violence reported multiple incidents before age 18. Studies have shown that transactional sex (TS) relationships are a source of sexual violence, particularly age-disparate TS. TS is defined as sex that is a nonmarital, noncommercial relationship driven by the assumption that sex is exchanged for material support or other benefits. TS is common among adolescents and young women in sub-Saharan Africa, with the prevalence varying from as low as 5% to as high as 80%. This qualitative study explored the factors influencing age-disparate TS relationships in two rural districts, Mutomo and Ikutha Wards of Kitui South Sub County, Kenya. Four focus group discussions were conducted with primary (12–14 years of age) and secondary schoolgirls (15–18 years of age). The study results identified several main themes, which were grouped into two major themes: influencing factors and consequences. Influencing factors include material/basic needs, school-related influences, parental influence, peer pressure, and perpetrator access, while consequences include health and social consequences. Our study found that girls’ sense of agency, social pressure, and economic vulnerability impacted their decision to engage in age-disparate TS. These relationships’ power dynamics and exploitative nature increase girls’ risk of experiencing gender-based sexual violence and adverse health and social outcomes. Our study suggests that explicitly addressing individual risk behaviors will not effectively reduce the incidence of TS relationships. Interventions should be focused on understanding the social-cultural beliefs of TS and shifting the narrative that has continued to fuel a patriarchal society in which women and girls have limited decision-making power in relationships.
Optimal energy management in smart grid with internet of things using hybrid technique
Authors: Nayak Sabita , Kumar Amit
Published: September 2022

This paper proposes an energy management system (EMS) in smart grid based on Internet of Things (IoT) configuration using hybrid approach. The proposed approach is joint execution of Multi-fidelity meta-optimization and Turbulent Flow of water based optimization (TFWO), hence it is known as M2FWO technique. The main objective of this proposed EMS is to better manage power with the resources of Smart Grid by constantly monitoring data from the IoT-based communication framework. Here, each home device is connected to data acquisition module is utilized to facilitate the demand response (DR) growth for energy management system in smart grid. The framework collects DR from every smart home device and then transmits the data to the centralized server. The transmitting data is enabled by M2FWO method. The smart grid IoT framework enhances the feasibility of these networks makes better use of obtainable resources. The proposed system is in charge to satisfy the total supply with energy requirement. Finally, the proposed model is stimulated on MATLAB/Simulink site, then the efficiency is examined with existing methods.
Social Media Influencer and Corporate Brand Reputation—An Experimental Study
Authors: Shrivastava Amit , Jain Rashmi
Published: September 2022

The fundamental role of marketing has been to spread positive word of mouth about not only the brand but also create a positive image of the firm backing it. Online media powerhouses (SMIs) are currently a huge component in associations’ showcasing blend. In any case, there has been little consideration paid to how SMIs may change the way people process a business commercial intended to enhance corporate reputation. As an extension to earlier research, this experimental study investigates the use of social media influencers in improving the corporate reputation or firm’s image. In this study, there are two groups (control group and experimental group) of over 125 subjects each. The study used the two-way multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) and multiple linear regression. It was found that advertisements introduced by the SMI have reduced the persuasion knowledge but did not influence the attitude towards the message. This study will help marketers to appropriately embed SMI in their communication strategy not only to help their product or service brand but also the firm backing up.
Two Truths and a Lie: An Ethnodramatic Exploration of Resistance and Relationships Between Women in Our Current Political and Social Climate
Authors: Meyers Carmen
Published: September 2022

In 2021, I created the verbatim documentary play, Two Truths and a Lie, to address how verbatim documentary theatre can serve as a springboard for dialogue regarding perceived truths around the 2016 and 2020 elections. This new verbatim documentary interlaces my connection with three of the conservative women I interviewed in 2019 around their response to “What are your thoughts about the 2020 election?” and incorporating the game, Two Truths and a Lie, to engage audience discussion around bias and perceived truth. The play emerged from a ten-day playwright retreat at The Hundredth Hill Artist Residency and was performed in Bloomington, Indiana, in the summer of 2021. This article aims to unpack and chronicle my experience in creating and performing this new work by narrowing in on the project’s methodology with excerpts from the script, performance and (in)-show discussion reflections, and future outcomes.
Protein Changes After 6 weeks of Walking and the Relationship to Pain in Adults with Knee Osteoarthritis
Authors: Klinedinst N. Jennifer , Huang Weiliang , Nelson Amy K. , Resnick Barbara , Renn Cynthia , Kane Maureen A. , Dorsey Susan G.
Published: September 2022

Background: Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) affects 22.9% of individuals over the age of 40 and causes significant pain and disability. Pain is the most prevalent and troublesome symptom of KOA leading patients to seek medical interventions for relief. Knee osteoarthritis pain has both peripheral and central mechanisms that vary by individual. Non-pharmacological pain management strategies such as walking is the first step in reducing KOA pain. However, initiation of a walking regime can induce knee pain for some and the mechanism by which habitual walking reduces KOA pain is unclear. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to use a discovery proteomics approach and quantitative sensory testing (QST) to determine the molecular changes that occur after habitual walking and their relationship to pain sensitivity. Research Design and Study Sample: We conducted a pre-test/post-test study using QST to measure neurophysiological parameters at the knee and contralateral forearm and examined platelet protein signatures before and after 6 weeks of walking 3 days per week for 30 minutes among six adults with KOA and six healthy controls. Results: Knee pain sensitivity did not change significantly after 6 weeks of walking among either KOA or healthy participants. However, forearm pressure pain sensitivity decreased for both groups after walking, indicating reduction in central pain pathways. Protein signatures showed downregulation of immune and inflammatory, pathways among KOA participants after walking which were upregulated in healthy controls. Conclusion: These differences may contribute differences in centralized pain thresholds seen between KOA and healthy participants.
Impact on corneal morphology after cataract surgery with intracameral moxifloxacin in neglected hard cataracts
Authors: Gupta Simple , Vichare Nitin , Kumar Praveen , Agrawal Mohini , C.M. Anushree , Singh Manish
Published: September 2022

Aim

To evaluate corneal morphology after use of 0.5% intracameral moxifloxacin (ICM) in cataract surgery in patients who presented late with hard cataracts.

Methods

Cross-sectional study conducted from June-2021 to December-2021 at a tertiary eye-care center. 90 patients over 60 years with high-risk characteristics for Covid-19, who presented late with higher grades of nuclear-sclerosis (NS), were included. They underwent phacoemulsification and 0.5%moxifloxacin (0.1 ml) was injected intracamerally at the end of surgery. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), intraocular pressures (IOP), endothelial cell density (ECD), coefficient of variation in cell-area (CoV), hexagonality (Hex) and central corneal thickness (CCT) were measured preoperatively and postoperatively on day1, day7 and day30. Statistical analysis was done by Anova test. p-value<0.05 was considered significant.

Results

Mean age of presentation was 65.26±8.3 years. Mean preoperative BCVA (1/60-to-6/60), IOP (16.7±2.3 mm of Hg), CCT (523.93±39.6µ), ECD (2547±302.08cells/mm2), Hex (47.04±5.7%) and CoV (37.57±3.9) changed to BCVA (6/9-to-6/6), IOP (17.5±2.1 mm of Hg), CCT (538.42±36.9µ), ECD (2388.40±339.25cells/mm2), Hex (44.44±5.6%) and CoV (39.09±4.5) at day30 postoperative. Average rate of change at day30 was increase in CCT (2.89%), ECD loss (6.4%), decrease in Hex (4.9%) and increase in CoV (4.6%), though clinically insignificant. No case of endophthalmitis or toxic-anterior segment syndrome seen.

Conclusion

0.5% moxifloxacin (0.1 ml) is safe as intracameral antibiotic to prevent postoperative infection in high-risk patients. The reported changes in the corneal parameters were within the range of any routine surgeries of hard senile cataracts. No specific effect could be attributed to ICM.
Prison abolition literacies as Pro-Black pedagogy in early childhood education
Authors: Bryan Nathaniel , McMillian Rachel , LaMar Keith
Published: September 2022

The prison abolition movement has brought attention to the American carceral crisis, or better yet, the mass incarceration and disproportionate criminalization of Black people in America. It has also led to and fomented recent calls to defund prison systems, the police, and to remove police from schools. While discussions of prison abolition have been addressed in the carceral studies literature, they are seldom addressed in the education literature and particularly in early childhood education. Given the ways in which young Black children are and have been negatively impacted by issues of mass incarceration (e.g. absence of family members, school-prison nexus), the lack of attention to the American carceral crisis and teaching about prison abolition is beyond concerning and contributes to the stanchless anti-Black violence Black children face in early childhood classrooms. Drawing on Pro-Blackness, the imprisoned Black radical tradition, and abolitionist teaching, we introduce what we term prison abolition literacies– literacies practices that bring awareness to the injustices of the carceral state and encourage young children to become prison abolitionists––so that teachers can infuse prison abolition into the early childhood education curriculum.
Conjunctions of Islam: rethinking the geographies of art and piety through the notebooks of Ahmet Süheyl Ünver
Authors: Hammond Timur
Published: September 2022

How should we understand the relationship between artistic practice and religious devotion? This paper answers that question through a close engagement with the archive of the artist, teacher, doctor, and writer Ahmet Süheyl Ünver (b. 1898–d. 1986). Working from notebooks and archival files produced about Eyüp, Istanbul’s most important Muslim district, I offer the concept of ‘conjunctions of Islam’ to develop two linked arguments. First, Ünver’s work challenges essentialist invocations of ‘Turkish’ or ‘Islamic’ art. Instead, his work shows us how these terms are historically and geographically specific, embedded within networks of people, places, objects, and histories. Second, Ünver also shows us how definitions of Muslim identity trace geographies other than the territorial nation. Indebted to discussions of relational place-making and topology, my use of conjunction helps us see the making of an urban Muslim self in a new way. In doing so, this article extends recent cultural geographic discussions about skill and creativity, provides a new perspective on the geographies of Islam, and enriches our ability to explain how complex forms of the past are articulated in contemporary Turkey.
A bibliometric review on maritime inspection analysis: Current and future insights
Authors: Bicen Samet , Celik Metin
Published: September 2022

This study conducts a comprehensive bibliometric review of 123 papers, authored by 359 scholars, on maritime inspection analysis published in 77 scientific journals. The bibliographical data are analyzed in R software using the Bibliometrix tool. The most influential publications, journals, authors, and institutions are identified using citation analysis metrics. Three underlying research clusters are identified using the bibliographic coupling methodology: (i) analytic approach-based, (ii) research methodology-based, and (iii) research field-based clusters. Indeed, research collaboration networks are demonstrated at the institution, author, and country levels to address current tendencies in maritime inspection analysis. Besides the compliance solution studies, the future insights of inspection regimes along with green and smart shipping are extensively discussed. The study has great potential to encourage the forthcoming initiatives and research on inspection analytics and digitalization in maritime, offshore, logistics, and relevant fields.
How to change a state: Broadening participation in K-12 computer science education
Authors: Ottenbreit-Leftwich Anne T , Dunton Sarah , Fletcher Carol , Childs Joshua , Jeon Minji , Biggers Maureen , DeLyser Leigh Ann , Goodhue John , Richardson Debra , Peterfreund Alan , Guzdial Mark , Adrion Rick , Ericson Barbara , Fall Renee , Abramenka Victoria
Published: September 2022

Computer science education has been making dramatic increases in recent years. Across the US, different states are advancing computer science education through different policies. However, as a state makes choices to advance computer science education, it is critical to consider how these policies will broaden participation in computing (BPC). Many have indicated that only white and Asian males (who make up 30% of our population) currently have the opportunity/privilege to engage in computer science education. Therefore, as we implement state-level computer science education reform, it is critical that BPC remains as our guiding principle. Expanding Computing Education Pathways (ECEP) was created as an NSF national alliance to support state-level educational reform with regards to computer science. Over the past 6 years, this alliance of 22 states and Puerto Rico have worked together to share policies to advance BPC in each state. Through these experiences, ECEP has proposed that state change related to CS educational reform follows five stages: (1) Find your leader(s) and change agents; (2) understand the CS education landscape and identify the key issues/policies; (3) gather and organize your allies to establish goals and develop strategic plans and; (4) get initial funding to support change and; (5) building and utilizing data infrastructure that informs strategic BPC efforts. This study examined the ECEP alliance and the five-stage model through the 25,000+ documents and data sources over the past decade, specifically investigating how these five stages impacted states’ overall BPC efforts. Results indicated that these 5 stages seemed to support states’ BPC efforts.
Is COVID-19 Like a Zombie Apocalypse? Using Horror Films to Examine the Pandemic and Social Inequalities
Authors: Denardo Danielle
Published: September 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic has both exposed and exacerbated many enduring social inequalities in countries throughout the world. Sociology instructors are thus likely to incorporate content related to this relationship between the pandemic and inequalities in their courses. This article explores the potential of horror films, specifically the subgenre of zombie apocalypse, as a teaching tool for critically analyzing social inequalities and the COVID-19 pandemic. To examine the usefulness of this subgenre of film, I describe and evaluate an assignment and class discussion.
Novel conformable stent-graft repair of abdominal aortic aneurysms with hostile neck anatomy: A single-centre experience
Authors: Lee Seong Hoon , Melvin Ross , Kerr Stacey , Barakova Lucie , Wilson Alasdair , Renwick Bryce
Published: September 2022

Objectives

Abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs) demonstrating hostile neck anatomy (HNA) are associated with increased perioperative risk and mortality. A number of these patients are not suitable for standard endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR) and are high risk for open surgery. We present our experience with the first implantations in Scotland of a novel conformable aortic stent-graft designed to overcome some of the challenges of HNAs.

Methods

From May 2018 to March 2022, 24 consecutive patients with non-ruptured AAAs demonstrating HNAs (neck length < 15 mm, or angulation > 60°) were treated with GORE Excluder Conformable AAA endoprosthesis (CLEVAR) (CEXC Device, W.L. Gore and Associates, Flagstaff, AZ, USA) at a Scottish vascular centre. We assessed clinical outcomes and technical success of CLEVAR during deployment, primary admission and the post-operative period at 3- and 12-month clinical follow-up alongside CT angiography.

Results

Twenty-four patients (20 males, mean age 75.6) were included. Primary technical success of proximal seal zones and CLEVAR deployment (no type 1/3 endoleaks, no conversion to open repair, AAA excluded and patient leaving theatre alive) was achieved in 100% of patients. All patients were alive and clinically stable at 3- and 12-month follow-up. There were five patients requiring re-intervention; at the 3-month follow-up, one patient (4.2%) developed a type 1b endoleak requiring graft limb extension, one patient developed a right common femoral artery dissection requiring open repair and one patient required a limb extension of the right iliac limb due to risk of developing a type 1b endoleak. At the 12-month follow-up, two patients required embolization of type 2 endoleaks and no patients demonstrated type 1 or type 3 endoleaks. Conclusions: In-hospital and post-operative 3- and 12-month clinical and angiographic outcomes demonstrate safety and efficacy with CLEVARs in treating unruptured AAAs with HNA. Further research involving larger heterogenous sample sizes is warranted to determine long-term clinical outcomes.
Noise-induced differences in the complexity of spoken language
Authors: Pham Catherine T , Karuza Elisabeth A
Published: September 2022

Although speaking in noisy environments is a common occurrence, few studies have investigated how noise affects language production beyond the acoustic level. In seeking to differentiate between speaker- and listener-oriented modifications, this study examines the effect of noise on the complexity of language production and examines whether cognitive control predicts noise-induced modifications. Participants completed a picture description task via videoconferencing software while both the speaker (the participant) and listener (the experimenter) were exposed to multi-talker babble. Speakers produced fewer T-units, clauses, and words as well as fewer, but longer, unfilled pauses in noise. The degree of reduction in number of clauses, words, and unfilled pauses was significantly associated with weaker cognitive control. Thus, we consider these modifications to be speaker-oriented, driven by the distracting nature of noise. However, participants also produced fewer filled pauses and mazes in noise. These modifications were not significantly correlated with cognitive control, and they diverge from prior work demonstrating that speakers tend to produce more disfluencies when they alone shoulder the burden of a noisy environment. This pattern of results suggests that speakers may alter their speech to alleviate cognitive burden on themselves as well as to facilitate comprehension for their listener.
Risk Factors in a Pediatric Population for Postoperative Intracranial Infection Following Endoscopic Endonasal Skull Base Surgery and the Role of Antibiotic Prophylaxis
Authors: Palmieri Daniel , Champagne Pierre-Olivier , Valappil Benita , McDowell Michael M. , Gardner Paul A. , Snyderman Carl H.
Published: September 2022

Background

Endoscopic endonasal skull base surgery (EESBS) is performed through a non-sterile corridor. Intracranial infection rates in a pediatric population have not been extensively studied and the exact effect of antibiotic prophylaxis on rates of infection after EESBS in pediatric patients remains unclear.

Objective

The purpose of our study is to investigate risk factors for postoperative intracranial infection during EESBS in a pediatric population and help elucidate the role of antibiotic prophylaxis.

Methods

We conducted a retrospective chart review of 99 consecutive patients under the age of 18 who underwent EESBS at our institution from 2013 to 2021. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention/National Healthcare Safety Network criteria for diagnosis of meningitis were used to identify postoperative intracranial infections.

Results

The average age was 12.3 years (range 1.6-18) with 66 male patients and 33 female patients. 49 patients had an intraoperative cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak, of which 4 had a postoperative CSF leak. We identified 3 postoperative intracranial infections (3%), which were all meningitis cases. The infection rate was 6% (3/49) among those with intraoperative CSF leaks. All patients with meningitis had a postoperative CSF leak. All infections were transclival approaches (2 chordoma and 1 neurenteric cyst).

Conclusion

This investigation represents one of the largest pediatric endoscopic skull base surgery cohorts. EESBS is safe to perform in pediatric populations, but transclival approaches and postoperative CSF leaks are risk factors for postoperative meningitis.
Free Play and “Loving Care”: A Qualitative Inquiry of Chinese Kindergarten Teachers’ Professional Ethics
Authors: Zhang (张婕) Jie , Clark Mollie R. , Hsueh Yeh
Published: September 2022

Purpose

Chinese kindergarten teachers commonly held “loving and caring for young children” as a core professional ethic, but many reported fatigue and burnout because of this ethical practice. This study presents a unique account of how children’s free play has helped transform teachers’ professional ethics and increased their professional satisfaction.

Design/Approach/Methods

Following a purposive sampling, we interviewed eight Chinese teachers who actively promoted children’s free play. The analysis of the interview transcripts led to an in-depth interpretation of the teachers’ experiences through a dialogue with various concepts and theories.

Findings

A major finding was that children’s free play facilitated the change in teachers’ understandings of their professional ethics. Their observation and support of children’s free play brought them the unprecedented joy of teaching, which helped them redefine loving and caring for children and gave rise to a new code of professional ethics.

Originality/Value

This study was the first to assess the Chinese kindergarten teachers’ ethics in the free play movement in China. It reveals, in the teachers’ own words, how their growing commitment to supporting children’s free play has transformed their beliefs and understandings of what a loving and caring teacher means.