bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Nuclear and Conventional Deterrence in Theory and Practice
Authors: Cochran Kathryn , de Marchi Scott , Gallop Max , Nagl John
Published: September 2024

Here, we focus on one of the most important yet understudied questions in international relations: Are nuclear weapons an effective deterrent that helps to prevent major powers conflict? This has been conventional wisdom and many scholars and policy makers have argued that the absence of global war after World War II has been the result of nuclear deterrence. We challenge this consensus on theoretical and empirical grounds and argue that deterrence strategies that rely on nuclear weapons and MAD are inherently dangerous and rest on assumptions that fail to account for the complexity of real-world crises. Conversely, the value of United States conventional weapons has been underappreciated and serves in two vital roles -- deterring conflict and enabling flexible punishment strategies. We examine the quantitative literature on nuclear deterrence and find that existing research is inadequate if we want to understand the role of conventional and nuclear weapons in deterrence. We conclude with a series of case studies to illustrate important and underdiscussed facets of deterrence, and discuss the implications for the current Russian invasion of Ukraine.
Conducting Multivariate One- and Two-Sample Statistical tests using SPSS Syntax
Authors: دلشاد شاكر اسماعيل بوتاني
Published: September 2024

The availability of multivariate one-sample and two-sample testing procedures is often restricted or merged with other statistical tests in many statistical applications. SPSS software, known for its user-friendly Graphical User Interface (GUI) for statistical analysis, also provides a specialised programming language called SPSS syntax. This syntax allows users to execute statistical procedures by writing commands, providing an alternative to the GUI interface. The purpose of this paper is to create new dialogs written in the SPSS syntax language using custom dialog builder for extensions. These dialogs are designed to test multivariate one- and two-sample data when ∑ is unknown by applying Hotelling’s T2 test statistic, especially in situations where the GUI lacks these particular functionalities. In the case of two-sample data, both independent and paired multivariate testing methods are employed. Examples are supplied to demonstrate the key analyses performed using Hotelling's T2 tests. The syntax written for the analyses was performed using SPSS software v.27. The adoption of the developed dialogs is recommended for researchers requiring analysis of multivariate one- and two-sample data with limited or no programming experience, with potential future incorporation of the dialogs into forthcoming SPSS versions by IBM. Extending the scope of statistical analyses supported by SPSS dialogs through future research that encourages their use and supports wider acceptance of additional statistical methods not included in standard versions of SPSS.
التحديات المستقبلية التي تواجه تطبيق المواصفة الدولية (ISO 22000:2018) في المنظمات السياحية (دراسة نظرية)
Authors: رغد يوسف كبرو  , علي إياد عبد اللطيف
Published: September 2024

تظهر اهمية البحث من خلال تزايد الاهتمام الدولي بمعايير الجودة، فضلاً عن اختلاف تطلعات الزبائن وتغيير اتجاهاتها نحو غذاء خالي من المخاطر بانواعها، لذا تبرز أهمية نظام إدارة سلامة الغذاء في تحقيق تلك المتطلبات. وتهدف الدراسة الى نشر ثقافة الجودة، وبيان متطلبات المواصفة الدولية (ISO 22000:2018). وجاءت هذه الدراسة انطلاقاً من المشكلة المتمثلة بإفتقار المنظمات السياحية تطبيق المعايير العالمية للجودة، والتي تساعدها بشكل كبير بتحقيق مزايا متعددة على المستوى المحلي والعالمي.
ومن أهم توصيات الدراسة الدعوة لتبني المعايير العالمية للجودة وتطبيق المواصفة الدولية (ISO 22000:2018) لما تعكسه من صورة ايجابية لمدى التزام المنظمات السياحية أمام الجهات الرقابية ومدى اهتمامها بزبائنها انطلاقا من مبدأ المسؤولية الاجتماعية، فضلاً عن ضع خطة وفق إطار زمني معين بعد تحديد الإمكانات والموارد اللازمة هذه المواصفة بشكل كامل، والحصول على شهادة صادرة عن منظمة الـ (ISO) الرسمية.
ادارة الاحتواء العالي وتأثيرها في سلوك العمل الاستباقي: بحث تحليلي في مجلس محافظة بغداد
Authors: مصطفى عبدالعباس عصاد  , زيد خوام محمود
Published: September 2024

يهدف البحث الحالي الى اختبار علاقة الارتباط والتأثير بين إدارة الاحتواء العالي وسلوك العمل الاستباقي ، ومن اجل تحقيق ذلك تم اختيار مجلس محافظة بغداد ميداناً لتطبيق البحث، وشمل البحث متغيرين إدارة الاحتواء العالي عبر ابعاده الفرعية (ممارسات التطوير، المكافآت، مشاركة المعلومات، التمكين)، وسلوك العمل الاستباقي عبر ابعاده (تولي المسؤولية، صوت الموظف، المبادرة الشخصية)، وضمت عينة البحث (97) فرداً من الموظفين العاملين في مجلس محافظة بغداد من مختلف الأقسام، وقد تم استخدام الاستبانة كأداة لجمع البيانات، وتم تحليل البيانات واستخلاص النتائج عبر برنامج (ٍSPSS, AMOS,V23)، وذلك باستخدام مجموعة من الوسائل الإحصائية (الوسط الحسابي، الانحراف المعياري، معامل الاختلاف، معامل الارتباط بيرسون، معامل الانحدار البسيط، التحليل العاملي التوكيدي، الفاكرونباخ)، اما اهم النتائج التي توصل اليها البحث وجود علاقة ارتباط وتأثير جيدة بين متغير إدارة الاحتواء العالي وسلوك العمل الاستباقي، أي ان إدارة الاحتواء العالي لها دور فاعل وقوي في زيادة السلوكيات الاستباقية للموظفين ومبادراتهم الشخصية في تحسين وتطوير العمل
تأثير الممارسات البيئية في الرضا الوظيفي دراسة استطلاعية لاراء عينة من العاملين في هيئة السياحة العراقية في بغداد
Authors: انسام وادي قدوري  , مثنى معان أبراهيم
Published: September 2024

يهدف البحث الى التحقق من تأثير العلاقة بين الممارسات البيئية بوصفها متغيراً مستقلاً وتأثيرها بالرضا الوظيفي بوصفه متغيراً تابعاً ببعديه (الرضا الخارجي، الرضا الداخلي) ، لدى مجتمع هيئة السياحة العراقية. والوقوف على أهمية تطبيق الممارسات البيئية ، وقد تفاعلت تلك المتغيرات لتكون الاطار العام الذي تدور حوله مشكلة الدراسة والتي تمحورت حول طبيعة العلاقة والتأثير في كل من متغيرات الدراسة عبر التساؤل الرئيسي لمشكلة الدراسة (الى أي مدى تؤثر الممارسات البيئية في الرضا الوظيفي في هيئة السياحة العراقية؟ ). واعتمدت الدراسة المنهج الوصفي التحليلي واستخدمت الاستبانة كأداة رئيسة في جمع المعلومات والبيانات التي تتكون من (39) فقرة فضلاً عن المقابلات الشخصية ، وجمعت البيانات من خلال عينة مكونة من ((130 فرداً من الإدارة العليا والوسطى في هيئة السياحة العراقية وقد توصل البحث الى مجموعة من الاستنتاجات كان أهمها يوجد تأثير مباشر للممارسات البيئية في الرضا الوظيفي.
تقدير انموذج الانحدار الخطي الضبابي باستعمال طريقة A.R.Arabpour And M.Tata
Authors: ازهار ناجي كاظم  , نبأ نعيم مهدي
Published: September 2024

يعد الانحدار الخطي الضبابي (Fuzzy Linear Regression) الأداة المثلى لتحليـل البيانـات البـارزة بصفتها غير دقيقة وغير محددة بوضوح، إذ أن استعمال الطرائق الضبابية في تحليل تلك البيانات يمكن أن يؤدي إلى تحسين الدقة والموثوقية في تقدير العلاقات بين المتغيرات. تناول البحث تقدير انموذج الانحدار الخطي الضبابي بمتغير استجابة ضبابي (Fuzzy) مثلثي ومتغيرات توضيحية قطعية (Crisp) ومعلمات ضبابية (Fuzzy) مثلثية باستعمال طريقة A.R.Arabpour And M.Tata  للتقدير، أما بيانات الدراسة فكانت عن مرض ارتفاع ضغط الدم الانقباضي والانبساطي (Systolic and diastolic  hypertension) كمتغير استجابة ضبابي ومجموعة من العوامل المؤثرة عليه كمتغيرات توضيحية قطعية غير ضبابية متمثلة بـ (العمر(Age)، الوزن (Weight)، فحص سكر الدم (Glycemia)، الدهون الثلاثية (Triglyce)، الكوليسترول (Cholesterol)) ولمجموعة من المرضى والبالغ عددهم (125) مريض تم الحصول عليها من مستشفى بلد العام في محافظة صلاح الدين في محاولة لمعرفة تأثير كل من هذه العوامل قيد الدراسة على ارتفاع ضغط الدم الانقباضي والانبساطي، وتم الاستعانة ببرنامج MATLAB للحصول على النتائج وكانت النتائج تؤكد طردية العلاقة بين متغير الاستجابة الضبابـي والمتغيرات التوضيحية غير الضبابية، كما كانت نتائج اختبار t تؤكد على معنوية العلاقة بينهم، مما يفسر أن ارتفاع ضغط الدم الانقباضي والانبساطي قد يتأثر بشكل  طردي بزيادة أي من المتغيرات التوضيحية قيد الدراسة
Open extraction of a large anterior urethral calculus
Authors: Ravindraanandan Manoj , Varma Raghav , Kasmani Zain , Sami Tariq
Published: September 2024

Urolithiasis is a common condition worldwide and accounts for 90,000 admissions per year to hospitals in England alone. Urinary tract stones become increasingly less common as they pass from upper to lower tract. In particular, they are exceedingly rare in the urethra, especially in the absence of previously diagnosed calculi, which are occasionally misdiagnosed as urethral lesions. With such few documented cases, diagnosis and treatment are less protocolised and is usually managed on a case-by-case basis. We report a rare and unusual case of a large distal urethral calculus, highlighting the challenges with preoperative diagnosis, the unsuitability of an endoscopic approach, and the subsequent success with elective meatotomy, extraction, and repair.
Laparoscopic renal denervation: A treatment option for management of refractory loin pain
Authors: Abbaraju Jayasimha , Abdalla Omer , Ghonaimy Ahmed , Usmani Azfer , Kuravinakop Sanjay , Mali Madhusudhan , Sriprasad Seshadri
Published: September 2024

Background:

Intractable loin pain is a debilitating condition with a significant impact on the patient's quality of life. Loin pain haematuria syndrome (LPHS) is a disease of exclusion and can be of two subtypes, Primary or Type 2 and secondary or Type 1. The type 1 LPHS could be a result of congenital anomalies, or acquired due infections, trauma, or surgery. Management of these patients can be pharmacological, nerve blocks, renal denervation, auto-transplantation and nephrectomy. Laparoscopic renal denervation (LRDN) has emerged as a minimally invasive surgical procedure, with acceptable results.

Materials and Methods:

All patients who underwent laparoscopic renal denervation in our unit from 2007 to 2022 by a single surgeon were included in this study. The indications for surgical intervention were loin pain refractory to medical therapy in the absence of any physical causes of pain. All patients were assessed by a multidisciplinary team, involving a urologist, a nephrologist, a pain consultant, and a pain psychologist. Baseline and postoperative pain scores of the patients were obtained. The patients underwent splanchnic or coeliac nerve blocks under local anaesthesia and were reviewed in the outpatient clinic post-procedure. If there were an improvement in the pain control and pain scores, they were offered LRDN. During the surgery, the renal vessels and proximal ureter were stripped from the neuronal and lymphatic tissues.

Results:

The 20 patients included in the study underwent 23 procedures. All patients were female. The mean age was 44 years, and the median follow up was 24 months. The median operating time was 90 minutes, excluding anaesthetic time. There were no significant adverse events other than one patient needed antibiotics for chest infection. There was significant improvement of pain scores with the mean pain scores falling to 2.47 postoperatively from 8.40. Fifty percent of patients had complete resolution of pain, while 30% had significant reduction in use of pain medication. Patients with primary LPHS did not have significant improvement in their pain scores, and one of these patients required auto-transplantation of her kidney.
Alternative Paths in the Field: School Library Students Reflect on an Academic Libraries Seminar
Authors: Anderson Amelia
Published: September 2024

Students enrolled in American Library Association (ALA)–accredited graduate programs typically are on a specific track to work toward their individual career goals. While most degree programs require of all students a shared core curriculum, students also typically must take elective credits, which help narrow their focus toward their individual paths. Students interested in subfields within librarianship such as public, school, and academic librarianship will take courses that further specialize their knowledge in those areas. While a focused education in their chosen subfields is important, it also may be limiting in how students understand the profession more broadly. This study uses qualitative analysis to explore reflections from students on a school library track who completed an elective seminar about academic librarianship. Findings indicate that this coursework in a subfield outside of their own allowed them to reflect on their own roles and responsibilities as librarians, find common ground and collaboration possibilities, and envision expanded opportunities in their own career paths. Educators can take this information to support students’ exploration beyond prescribed career tracks, whether through offering and promoting electives across the curricula or through non-credit-bearing opportunities.
Amputação do membro pélvico e reabilitação de equino
Authors: Araújo Michelle Aires de , Gonsiorkiewicz Luiza Lima , Brandão Tiago Oliveira , Carneiro Rodrigo Lima , Barbosa Emanuela Nataly RIbeiro , Guimarães Sandra Eliza
Published: September 2024

Injuries in the locomotor system of equines is a common reality all around the world; however, due the severity of some cases, there is no effective treatment, with euthanasia as the only option. Limb amputation in this species offers an alternative for the recovery and preservation of the animal’s life, which can be a satisfactory result depending on the patient’s temperament and owner’s dedication. This report describes the case of a horse that suffered a total laceration due to an accident with smooth wire, and the tutor opted for amputation of the right pelvic limb instead of euthanasia. Post-operatively, dehiscence of the suture occurred, so the recovery process required continuous monitoring for wound management and correct scar modeling. Rehabilitation included tests with two protheses, which still weren’t properly suited. In the end, the patient adapted to tripedal locomotion and returned to its normal grazing habits after recovery.
La educación musical conexionista. Vitamina Musical
Authors: Gisbert Caudeli Vicenta
Published: September 2024

Introducción: Las zonas rurales encuentran limitaciones en las oportunidades de acceso a actividades culturales y educativas. Se plantea un proyecto musical basado en metodología conexionista en Centros Infantiles, con el objetivo de mostrar a las familias los beneficios de las actividades musicales en el desarrollo infantil para que puedan solicitar, con datos constatados, la incorporación de actividades artísticas en su localidad. Metodología: Tras implementar la propuesta musical se difunde un cuestionario en el que se indaga sobre el cambio en la actitud de los menores participantes observado en el ámbito familiar. Resultados: Se observó mayor tendencia a la interacción, la capacidad atencional y la socialización. Valoran positivamente la experiencia creativa y artística y la experimentación con instrumentos musicales. Consideran que la práctica musical contribuye al desarrollo humano y al aprendizaje en valores. Discusión: Persiste la brecha entre zonas rurales y urbanas, queda mucho trabajo para conseguir mayor igualdad de oportunidades. Las generaciones que crecen en zonas rurales han de tener el mismo derecho a participar en propuestas culturales y educativas, pues sus beneficios están constatados. Conclusiones: La experiencia musical ha resultado positiva para los menores, los datos de este estudio se presentarán al Ayuntamiento para apoyar la implantación de la actividad.
Innovative perspectives on urban heritage. Towards the integrated regeneration of mass housing neighbourhoods
Authors: Navas-Carrillo Daniel , Rodríguez-Lora Juan-Andrés
Published: September 2024

Introduction: Many 20th-century residential neighbourhoods exhibit a high degree of obsolescence both in terms of new technical demands and social and environmental requirements. However, current regeneration processes often lack cohesive vision, revealing sectorial biases and inconsistencies in quality interpretation. Methodology: This research proposes a comprehensive review on two levels: (1) integrated studies on urban rehabilitation and regeneration, and (2) a focus on Andalusian neighborhoods as a case study. Results:  Drawing from a wide range of literature references, the research highlights the diverse approaches. Detailed case studies, particularly from Andalusia, illustrate the large applications of urban regeneration strategies and studies. Discussions: The research highlights that while residential neighbourhood regeneration has been extensively studied, there's a notable gap in recognising them as heritage assets. The study emphasises the necessity of integrating heritage considerations into urban regeneration processes. Conclusions: The research underscores the complex interplay between heritage conservation and urban regeneration, advocating for a holistic approach that respects historical contexts while meeting contemporary needs.
Using social robots as inclusive educational technology for mathematics learning through storytelling
Authors: Vitale Antonio , Dello Iacono Umberto
Published: September 2024

Introduction: This exploratory study investigates the potentials of social robots as an inclusive educational technology to enhance mathematics learning. Methodology: More specifically, we investigate the effectiveness of the social robot Pepper in engaging students in inclusive didactic activities through storytelling and providing them with immediate, personalized and emotional feedback. Our focus is on integrating innovative artificial intelligence (AI) with Universal Design for Learning (UDL) principles. The research sample consisted of five students, engaging with Pepper in inclusive mathematics sessions. Results: Our results suggest that the use of Pepper significantly increases student engagement by providing them personalized support. Discussions: The robot’s capacity for dynamic and empathetic student interaction creates a more stimulating and encouraging learning environment. Conclusions: This study shows the potential of social robots in inclusive education, especially when it comes to enabling tailored learning experiences for students in mathematics education that adapt to their various needs. The results of this study need to be validated through future research involving more participants over a long period of time
El docente y la incorporación de las TIC en la enseñanza de las matemáticas en la Escuela Preparatoria Regional de Tuxpan
Authors: Romero Aguayo Hector Miguel , Iñiguez Carrillo Adriana Lorena
Published: September 2024

Introducción: Las TIC son herramientas presentes en actividades de la vida diaria. Las ventajas que ofrecen y la facilidad en su uso, son factores para que su aplicación en educación vaya en aumento. La incorporación de las TIC en educación trae consigo cambios en las formas de enseñar y aprender, pero ¿Quiénes determinan la incorporación de las TIC en educación? ¿Cómo determinan cuáles son los contenidos, herramientas y estrategias a utilizar? Metodología: La presente investigación aplica un enfoque mixto, a través del análisis documental y la aplicación de una encuesta a profesores del departamento de matemáticas en la Preparatoria de Tuxpan. Resultados: Se logró conocer los factores que influyen para explicar cómo los docentes deciden la incorporación de las TIC en el proceso de enseñanza de las matemáticas. Discusión y conclusión: Los datos reflejan que la decisión de incorporar las TIC es individual y no colectiva, también son varios los factores que influyen para decidir contenidos, herramientas o software y la estrategia en la incorporación de las TIC, entre los cuales destacan la complejidad de los contenidos, el objetivo del tema, aptitudes y actitudes del docente y del alumno, además de instalaciones, equipos y herramientas disponibles, entre otros.
Mejora continua en la gestión de servicios de salud: estrategias para la excelencia administrativa
Authors: Monsalve Yer Orlando , Calvo Ospina María José
Published: September 2024

Introducción:  Este estudio se enfoca en la mejora continua de la administración en el sector salud, centrándose en la optimización de procesos administrativos. En la actualidad, existen desafíos significativos que requieren soluciones efectivas. Metodología: La metodología incluye la revisión de literatura especializada, análisis de datos de procesos administrativos en instituciones de salud, entrevistas con profesionales del sector, encuestas, desarrollo participativo con el personal sanitario y estudio de casos exitosos de optimización de procesos administrativos, utilizando herramientas tecnológicas y metodológicas adecuadas. Resultados: Se identifican desafíos comunes en la gestión administrativa, como factores organizacionales, culturales, tecnológicos y regulatorios. Además, se proponen estrategias efectivas para superar estos obstáculos y promover una mejora continua. Discusión: Este estudio contribuirá al desarrollo de políticas y prácticas administrativas basadas en evidencia, aplicables en diversos contextos. Fomentará una cultura de mejora continua en las instituciones sanitarias, promoviendo la participación del personal médico y administrativo en la identificación de áreas de mejora y la implementación de cambios efectivos. Conclusiones: Las recomendaciones resultantes de este estudio serán valiosas para los formuladores de políticas, administradores hospitalarios y personal sanitario, proporcionando información crucial para mejorar la experiencia del paciente y la calidad de los servicios de salud en diversos entornos.
Transformación empresarial: la inteligencia artificial en la interacción con empleados y gestión de proceso TI
Authors: Uribe Rodriguez Lorena , Jiménez Velandia Diana Milena
Published: September 2024

Introducción: La aplicación de la inteligencia artificial (IA) en los procesos empresariales ha revolucionado la forma en que las empresas interactúan con sus clientes y gestionan sus procesos internos. Metodología: El objetivo de la investigación es estudiar el proceso de adaptación de los empleados y la gestión de TI en las empresas con la adopción de IA. El enfoque investigativo es mixto de tipo aplicado. Fase I: Recopilación de datos: Obtención de información relevante sobre casos de estudio, estadísticas y tendencias en la adopción de IA en la gestión de TI. En fase II el Trabajo de campo, Aplicación de encuestas y entrevistas con profesionales de empresas. Resultados: La IA en las empresas es empleada en la necesidad de desarrollar capacidad interna para aprovechar al máximo el potencial de esta tecnología. Es crucial invertir en la formación y capacitación del personal. Discusión: En la administración de TI, la IA puede monitorear y analizar el rendimiento de sistemas, identificar posibles problemas y tomar medidas preventivas antes de fallas críticas. Conclusiones: Las organizaciones pueden prepararse para integrar la IA en sus operaciones de manera transversal y paulatinamente. Repensar los procesos y la cultura organizacional para aprovechar al máximo los beneficios que ofrece la IA.
Felicidad y trabajo: un enfoque desde la neurociencia
Authors: López-Casares Pertusa Helena
Published: September 2024

Introducción: Más allá de las definiciones de la felicidad en el trabajo como un constructo abstracto, es posible crear ambientes laborales de bienestar. Este trabajo muestra las aproximaciones teóricas del bienestar, unidas a las investigaciones en neurociencia aplicadas a la felicidad en el trabajo. Metodología: A través de un enfoque cualitativo se consolida un trabajo que relaciona la felicidad, el bienestar, la resiliencia y la neurociencia. Resultados: La felicidad es un estado psicológico influido por una serie de elementos determinantes en el tipo de ambiente laboral. Discusión: El desafío para las empresas es adaptarse al nuevo paradigma que rige en el trabajo. Conclusiones: Se evidencia la necesidad de desarrollar nuevas competencias relacionadas con la felicidad en el trabajo.
A Review of Sentiment Analysis in Social Media Perspectives
Authors: Alabid Noralhuda
Published: September 2024

The widespread use of the Internet and social media platforms has led to an increase in the number of individuals who declare their feelings publicly. Therefore, sentiment analysis systems have proceeded because of their crucial role in determining the personal opinions of users. This is can greatly influence the decision-making process in various fields. To create a robust and reliable sentiment analysis system, it was necessary to apply techniques capable of dealing with these scattered opinions. Natural language processing techniques are commonly used to extract information from unstructured text data published by humans. The comments and posts in social media platforms are often ignore the grammar rules and sentence structure. This is resulting in many ambiguities in lexical, syntactic, and semantic aspects. As a result, researchers have developed different methods for text mining and defining real information. This survey aims to study the different methods used in sentiment analysis filed. We discussed two common models of classification, including the vocabulary-based model and the supervision-based approach.
Exploiting Conventional MANET Routing in UAV’s Based Environment
Authors: Al-Dabbagh Marwan
Published: September 2024

Nowadays, Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs), have indeed revolutionized various industries and opened up new possibilities. Additionally, a Flying Ad hoc Network (FANET), a group of UAVs can perform specific functions like delivering goods, assisting people after a disaster, monitoring the weather and environment, among others. FANET is another kind of ad-hoc mobile network. It is capable of connecting with its environment and other nodes to obtain critical information. It is particularly difficult to route across FANETs because of how mobility they are and how fast they may change layouts. Therefore, routing algorithms are crucial for improving the performance of ad-hoc networks. This article will analyse the performance of the AODV, DSDV, and TORA routing protocols in the FANET environment. The NS-2 simulator has been used for testing parameters such as jitter, throughput, End-to-End delay, and packet delivery ratio (PDR). The simulation results indicate that TORA outperforms AODV and DSDV routing protocols across all performance metrics except End-to-End Delay.
A Comparing Robust Wilks’ statistics in Multivariate Multiple Linear Regression
Authors: Thamer  , Abdullah A. Ameen
Published: September 2024

In multivariate linear regression, the classical Wilks’ statistic is the most used method to test hypotheses, which is extremely responsive to the effect of outliers. Many authors have examined the non-robust test statistic established on normal theories for various cases. In this study, we constructed a robust version of Wilks’ statistic relying on a reweighed minimum covariance determinant estimator, that relies on the weight of the observations, with the weights being determined by using the Hampel weight function and Huber weight function. A comparison of the suggested statistics with the regular Wilks’ statistic has been discussed. Monte Carlo studies are used to evaluate how well test statistics work with different datasets. So, this study looked at how two different test statistics perform under a normal distribution. The first is the classical Wilks’ statistic, and the second is a proposed new one. For both of them, the rate of type I errors and the power of the tests were close to the expected significance levels. In situations where the distribution is contaminated, the proposed statistical method works best. If the data has been corrupted or affected somehow, this approach seems to perform the best out of the options
A Sensitivity Analysis of the PSITPS Epidemic Model’s Parameters for COVID-19
Authors: Mahdi Alaa Falih , Asker Hussein K.
Published: September 2024

Given the prevailing circumstances surrounding the transmission of COVID-19, which has been classified as a worldwide epidemic by the World Health Organization, a sensitivity analysis was performed on the Protected-Susceptible-Infected-Treated- Protected- Susceptible ( ) epidemic model. The objective of this analysis was to identify the specific parameters associated with the basic reproduction number that contribute to the propagation of the COVID-19 epidemic in Najaf. The findings indicate that the sensitivity index of parameters exhibiting a positive sign is positively correlated with the extent of the epidemic's spread in Najaf. Conversely, parameters displaying a negative sign are inversely correlated with the spread of the epidemic. The analysis was conducted numerically using MATLAB to confirm the results of the study.
Employee Attrition Prediction Using Machine Learning Techniques
Authors: Dr. Anamika Rana  , Sushma Malik  , Madhu Chauhan
Published: September 2024

Effective employees are regarded as the most precious assets and the foundation of any business. Companies invest a lot of money in staff training programs because they believe they will pay off in the long run. Therefore, it is crucial to keep a long-term, promising staff; as has been seen throughout the years, this is one of HR's most challenging duties. This study aims to determine the key variables influencing employee attrition and develop a machine learning model to predict employee attrition based on the variables given. This will make it easier for management to spot workers who are likely to quit, allowing them to take preventative measures and make wise decisions about appraisal and recognition. The four most popular classification algorithms utilized in this study were KNN, Naive Bayes, Random Forest and Logistic Regression. It was shown that Naive Bayes classifier outperformed the others by 89% in terms of accuracy and produced more accurate predictions.
Whole Even Sum Domination in Graphs
Authors: Abd Ahlama , Omran Ahmed A.
Published: September 2024

In this paper, a new concept of domination which is called whole even sum domination is presented, many bounded, properties, remarks, examples, are introduced. Furthermore, some operations as join and corona graphs of sum graphs are discussed.  Finally, determined this number of the graph obtained from a graph G by the removal of all edges between any pair of neighbours of a vertex.
Evaluating efficiency of foreign object detection technology based on the use of passive infrared thermography
Authors: Yang Hao , Yan Yan , Liu Xianglong , Wang Hongjin , Hou Yuejun , Vavilov V. P.
Published: September 2024

A new method for detecting subsurface solid objects buried in farmlands, such as plastic bottles, wasted cans, etc., has been proposed by applying the technique of infrared (IR) thermography to monitor the temperature of soil surface subjected to solar irradiation. Through both experimentation and simulation, this study parameterizes the influence of environmental factors on IR images and validates the detection capabilities of the method. To verify the feasibility of IR thermography testing, the experimental section of the work is devoted to monitoring aluminum and polyethylene terephthalate cans buried in sand with varying grades of moisture. The dependencies between the efficiency of foreign object detection and their depth are derived. A restoring pseudothermal flux algorithm was used to reduce the impact of lateral diffusion on IR thermographic detection of foreign objects buried in soil. Variations of soil temperature caused by varying solar radiation during multiple day-night cycles are used to improve the detectable diameter-depth ratio. The described technique is efficient and provides no harm to human beings.
Modeling of two-element tangential eddy current probe with active shielding for soldered joints inspection
Authors: Gorbunov А. Е. , Solomenchuk P. V. , Umanskii А. S.
Published: September 2024

The paper is devoted to designing a finite-element model of the eddy current probe for testing the degree of soldering of lap soldered joints of conductive busbars. The method for finite-element model designing is developed, which parameters provide calculations error of signals of finite-element model of eddy current probe below 1.5%. The test results confirm the performance of the eddy current probe, the measurement range for soldered joints defect size from 0 to 100 % and provision of the declared basic absolute error of the degree of soldering measurement of 5 %.
Backcalculation of elastic moduli of elements of layered halfspace on the basis of dynamic deformation analysis (by the example of highways)
Authors: Tiraturyan A. N.
Published: September 2024

The paper is devoted to the improvement of the method of inverse calculation of elasticity moduli of layers of motorway pavements in the dynamic setting, which involves the analysis of deformation characteristics in the time domain. To solve this problem, the mathematical model of a layered half-space is adapted to the calculation of amplitude-time characteristics of deformation on the surface of the layered medium, and the construction of the corresponding bowls of maximum values of vertical displacements. Adjustment of the calculated values of vertical displacements with respect to the registered experimental displacements in the field was performed. The correspondence between the final values of maximum vertical displacements, amplitude and time characteristics on the surface of the layered medium, and the shapes and areas of dynamic hysteresis loops on the surface of the investigated medium, achieved by adjusting the calculated characteristics relative to the experimental ones, has been demonstrated. For the first time in solving the problem of determining the mechanical parameters of a layered medium, it was proposed to consider dynamic hysteresis loops as one of the parameters characterising them and the correspondence of their calculated and experimental areas as a criterion of the adequacy of the achieved result.
Development of calibration samples made of steel 45 and 09G2S for eddy current structuroscope by carburizing
Authors: Byzov A. V. , Vasilenko O. N. , Ksenofontov D. G. , Minin M. G. , Weinstein I. A.
Published: September 2024

The paper describes the process of carburizing and hardening of 45 and 09G2S steels for the production of samples for the development of a technique for eddy current testing of the quality and thickness of hardened layers on ferromagnetic cores. Structural analysis of samples in the initial state, in the hardened state, as well as after carburizing and hardening was carried out. As a result of metallographic studies it was obtained that the depth of the cemented layer of steel 45 was equal to 250 microns, and in case of steel 09G2C it is in the range of 550-800 microns.
Determining the factors influencing the reproducibility of measurements in the asymmetric cycle «coercive return—magnetization»
Authors: Ksenofontov D. G. , Vasilenko O. N. , Kostin V. N. , Lukinikh N. P.
Published: September 2024

The induction of coercive return and induction of coercive force inversion can be used for magnetic structure analysis. On the example of the problem of heat treatment testing of 20H2M steel, the influence of the remagnetization rate and the resolving power of the current source on the magnitude and character of the obtained dependences is shown. It is established that a high rate of remagnetization and a large step of current setting are interfering factors complicating the reproduction of measurement results and obtaining reliable dependences.
Ensuring the reliability of automated pulse electric spark control of pipe coatings in in-line production
Authors: Antonov D. I. , Stepanova M. S. , Musikhin A. S. , Syasko V. A. , Tomsky K. A.
Published: September 2024

The issues of ensuring the reliability of automated electric spark testing of the continuity of dielectric coatings on metal pipes with diameters up to 1.5 meters in the context of in-line manufacturing are addressed. A simulation of the “high-voltage pulse source – electrode – dielectric coating – metal substrate” system has been conducted. Experimental studies have been conducted to evaluate the load capacity and voltage stability of the Corona 2.2 holiday detector using an improved generator at high capacitive loads.
Solanum tuberosum L. phytoene synthase genes (StPSY1, StPSY2, StPSY3) participate in the potato plant’s response to cold stress
Authors: Kulakova A. V. , Shchennikova A. V. , Kochieva E. Z.
Published: September 2024

The structure and phylogeny of the genes StPSY1, StPSY2 and StPSY3, encoding phytoene synthases from Solanum tuberosum L., were characterized. The expression of these genes in potato seedlings was studied in response to exposure to cold stress in the dark phase of the diurnal cycle as an imitation of night cooling. It was found that all three genes are activated when the temperature decreases, and the greatest response is observed for StPSY1. The response of the StPSY3 gene to cold stress and photoperiod has been demonstrated for the first time. A search was carried out for cis-regulatory elements in the promoter region and 5´-UTR of the StPSY genes and it was shown that the regulation of all three genes is associated with the response to light. The high level of low-temperature activation of the StPSY1 gene may be associated with the presence of cis-elements associated with sensitivity to cold and ABA.
Plecotus macrobullaris sarmaticus subsp. nov. (Vespertilionidae, Chiroptera) from the Early Pleistocene of Crimea
Authors: Lopatin A. V.
Published: September 2024

The extinct mountain long-eared bat Plecotus macrobullaris sarmaticus subsp. nov. is described on the base of jaw remains from the Lower Pleistocene of the Taurida cave in central Crimea. This is the first record of the genus Plecotus in the Lower Pleistocene of Russia and the first fossil find of P. macrobullaris Kuzyakin, 1965, documenting the early stage of the evolutionary history of the species.
Membrane-bound ferriform hemoglobin in nuclear erythrocytes of the sea ruff (Scorpaena porcus, Linnaeus, 1758)
Authors: Soldatov A. A. , Shalagina N. E. , Rychkova V. N. , Kukhareva T. A.
Published: September 2024

The content of the membrane-bound methemoglobin fraction (MtHb) in the nuclear erythrocytes of the sea ruff (Scorpaena porcus, Linnaeus, 1758) was studied in vitro. The spectral characteristics of whole hemolysate, hemolysate after stroma deposition (purified hemolysate), and resuspended stroma were studied. It was found that the proportion of MtHb in the stroma of erythrocytes exceeded 80% (6.20 ± 0.59 µM). The purified hemolysates practically did not contain MtHb (0.5 ± 0.2 µM). The presence of a membrane-bound ferriform did not affect the resistance of erythrocytes to osmotic shock. The osmotic resistance limits determined using the LaSca-TM microparticle laser analyzer (BioMedSystems, Russia) (102–136 mOsm kg–1) coincided with those noted for other bony fish species. The nitrite load (10 mg l–1) caused a significant increase in the MtHb content in the blood. However, the level of the membrane-bound ferriform did not change significantly and amounted to 6.34 ± 1.09 µM (about 95%). This indicates the functional expediency of its presence in this structure. The presence of MtHb in the cytoplasmic membrane of nuclear erythrocytes, apparently, allows cells to neutralize the external oxidative load and the toxic effect of hydrogen sulfide in the bottom layers of water in which the sea ruff lives.
Antigenic peptide–thioredoxin fusion chimeras for in vitro stimulus of CD4+ TCR+ Jurkat T-cells
Authors: Ishina I. A. , Zakharova M. Y. , Kurbatskaia I. N. , Mamedov A. E. , Belogurov A. A. , Rubtsov Y. P. , Gabibov A. G.
Published: September 2024

Study of CD4+ T-cell response and T-cell receptor (TCR) specificity is crucial for understanding etiology of immune-mediated diseases and developing targeted therapies. However, solubility, accessibility, and stability of synthetic antigenic peptides used in T-cell assays may be a critical point in such studies. Here we present a T-cell activation reporter system using recombinant proteins containing antigenic epitopes fused with bacterial thioredoxin (trx-peptides) and obtained by bacterial expression. We report that co-incubation of CD4+ HA1.7 TCR+ reporter Jurkat 76 TRP-cells with CD80+ HLA-DRB1*01:01+ HeLa-cells or CD4+ Ob.1A12 TCR+ Jurkat 76 TRP with CD80+ HLA-DRB1*15:01+ HeLa-cells resulted in activation of reporter Jurkat 76 TPR after addition of recombinant trx-peptide fusion proteins, containing TCR-specific epitopes. Trx-peptides were comparable with corresponding synthetic peptides in their capacity to activate Jurkat 76 TPR. These data demonstrate that thioredoxin as a carrier protein (trx) for antigenic peptides exhibits minimal interference with recognition of MHC-specific peptides by TCRs and consequent T-cell activation. Our findings highlight potential feasibility of trx-peptides as a reagent for assessing the immunogenicity of antigenic fragments.
Brechas en la calidad de atención del Programa de Crecimiento y Desarrollo en una institución prestadora de servicios de salud indígena
Authors: Rivera Coral Ayda Leydi , Acosta Romo María Fernanda
Published: September 2024

Objetivo: determinar la percepción de la calidad de atención de los responsables del cuidado de los menores asistentes al Programa de Crecimiento y Desarrollo en la Institución Prestadora de Servicios de Salud indígena, Nariño, 2023. Metodología: enfoque cuantitativo, de tipo observacional, descriptivo. La población estuvo conformada por 280 responsables de menores asistentes al programa de Crecimiento y Desarrollo; la muestra fue probabilística, correspondiente a 162 personas. Con el propósito de evaluar la calidad de la atención, se aplicó el instrumento SERVQUAL. Resultados: las características sociodemográficas de la totalidad de las personas que participaron en el estudio corresponden a madres solteras, escolaridad primaria, religión católica y procedentes del área rural. En la percepción, se encontró brechas negativas en las dimensiones de fiabilidad, capacidad de respuesta, seguridad, empatía y elementos tangibles, lo que indica insatisfacción con el servicio recibido. En cuanto a las posibles relaciones entre las características sociodemográficas y la percepción de la calidad de atención, se encontró relación estadísticamente significativa con el nivel de escolaridad; en las demás características no se observó ningún tipo de relación. Conclusiones: las madres de los menores manifestaron insatisfacción con la calidad de atención, considerando las diferentes dimensiones analizadas, lo cual afecta negativamente en la satisfacción general.
Hacia una medición integral del sistema de salud en América Latina: presentación del índice de desempeño multidimensional
Authors: Rubio García Nicolás , Ortiz Pacheco Jairo Alfredo , Gómez Franco Andrés Mateo
Published: September 2024

Este artículo presenta una metodología para medir el desempeño del sistema de salud en América Latina con enfoque multidimensional, que consiste en la ponderación de cuatro subíndices: cobertura, calidad, salud socioeconómica y percepción de la población, que conforman el Índice de Desempeño Multidimensional. El objetivo principal de esta metodología es proporcionar una comprensión integral sobre el desempeño del sistema de salud en América Latina e identificar posibles áreas de mejora. La investigación se alinea con las definiciones de la Organización Mundial de la Salud, que concibe esta como un estado de bienestar holístico y reconoce su naturaleza multidimensional. En este contexto, el sistema de salud se entiende como un marco integral que incluye organizaciones, instituciones y recursos comprometidos con la mejora de la salud en general. La metodología propuesta tiene tres enfoques: comparativo, predictivo y evaluativo, que buscan mejorar el desempeño del sistema al facilitar el contraste internacional o nacional, evaluar el comportamiento futuro e identificar las variables que influyen en los índices principales. Por último, los índices de esta metodología se emplean para evaluar el desempeño de 18 países latinoamericanos, con un análisis comparativo en tres países específicos: Colombia, Costa Rica y República Dominicana
Estudio psicométrico de la prueba de imaginación creativa para jóvenes en la población colombiana
Authors: Klimenko Olena , Hernández-Flórez Nubia , Vizcaíno Escobar Annia Esther , Beltrán de la Rosa Elisama , Arroyave-Jaramillo Diana Lucia
Published: September 2024

La relevancia del fomento del pensamiento creativo en la educación contemporánea implica contar con instrumentos de medición adecuados y validos que permitan identificar estas habilidades y orientar los esfuerzos educativos de forma más acertada. El presente estudio se orientó a validar la prueba de imaginación creativa para jóvenes (PIC-J) en la población colombiana. Fue un estudio de enfoque cuantitativo, psicométrico, de nivel descriptivo y de corte transversal. La prueba se aplicó a 670 estudiantes de bachillerato, con una edad promedio de M 14,7 (DT 1,6), distribuidos entre 12 y 18 años. Los resultados indicaron que la validez predictiva de la prueba fue mayor en la muestra colombiana; sin embargo, los puntajes en creatividad obtenidos por los estudiantes colombianos fueron significativamente menores que los de la población de referencia. La mayor diferencia se obtuvo en la creatividad narrativa, siendo la creatividad gráfica la más parecida a la muestra original. Entre las variables que conforman el factor de creatividad narrativa, la más afectada fue la flexibilidad narrativa. Se discute la importancia de factores educativos y culturales en el desarrollo del potencial creativo de los jóvenes colombianos.
Cartera hospitalaria y diferencias regionales en la prestación de los servicios de salud en Colombia
Authors: Guzmán-Finol Karelys , Ayala-García Jhorland
Published: September 2024

Este documento describe el estado y la evolución de la cartera de los hospitales públicos en Colombia y cómo se relaciona con algunos indicadores de la calidad en la prestación del servicio de salud a nivel regional. El análisis de la cartera de los hospitales públicos se basa en los datos del Sistema de Información Hospitalaria (SIHO), que agrupa la información reportada al Ministerio de Salud y Protección Social. Se cuenta con información para 931 hospitales. El 85% de los hospitales son de nivel I porque ofrecen servicios de complejidad baja; el 12% son de nivel II con servicios de complejidad intermedia, mientras que el 3% de los hospitales son de nivel III que brindan servicios de complejidad alta. Además, de acuerdo con información de la Encuesta Nacional de Calidad de Vida, el Registro Especial de Prestadores de Servicios de Salud, y el Registro Único Nacional del Talento Humano en Salud (ReTHUS), se presentan las diferencias regionales en algunos indicadores de infraestructura hospitalaria y calidad de los servicios de salud. Se encuentra que algunos departamentos de la Costa Caribe (como Cesar, Sucre y Atlántico) tienen la mayor disponibilidad de camas mientras que Bogotá, Valle y Antioquia la mayor disponibilidad de recurso humano. Los departamentos de las regiones Orinoquía, Pacífica y Amazonía están rezagadas en ambos factores. Finalmente, se explora la relación entre la cartera y algunos indicadores de calidad.
Malpighia glabra Barbados Cherry, Wild Crapemyrtle
Authors: Gilman Edward
Published: September 2024

This document provides an overview of the Barbados cherry (Malpighia glabra), detailing its characteristics, growth requirements, and uses. The tree, known for its small pink flowers and bright red, vitamin C-rich fruits, grows up to 12 feet tall and wide. It thrives in USDA hardiness zones 9B through 11 and can be planted year-round. The Barbados cherry is suitable for various landscaping purposes, including as a specimen plant, hedge, or screen. It prefers fertile, nematode-free soil and is not salt-tolerant. Propagation is typically done through layering or cuttings, and while it has high drought tolerance, it can be affected by pests such as nematodes, whiteflies, scale, and plant bugs. Original publication date October 1999.
Malus x 'David' 'David' Crabapple
Authors: Gilman Edward
Published: September 2024

This document provides comprehensive information on growing crabapples, including their ideal growing conditions, such as full sun and well-drained soil. It details the various cultivars, their characteristics, and uses in urban landscaping. The document also addresses common pests and diseases that affect crabapples and offers guidance on selecting disease-resistant varieties. Additionally, it highlights the ornamental value of crabapples, emphasizing their showy flowers and attractive fruit. Original publication date October 1999.