bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Conocimiento científico orientando la planificación estratégica
Authors: Sposito Acquistapace Victor
Published: November 2023

En cada época, la ciencia se moldea a partir de sus desafíos principales y evoluciona junto con ellos. Mientras que antes se entendía que la ciencia progresaba en un avance continuo en la certeza del conocimiento y el 'control' de los científicos sobre el mundo natural, ahora la ciencia se ve desde una perspectiva mucho más amplia. Asuntos relacionados con el medio ambiente y el uso de los recursos naturales, por ejemplo, tienden a ser globales, no solo locales, en su alcance sino también en su complejidad, incertidumbre y riesgos. Además, muchas de las posibles soluciones para enfrentar los problemas sociales actuales requieren una acción conjunta a nivel regional, urbano y local por parte de individuos, comunidades y organizaciones. La actividad de la ciencia está caracterizada cada vez más por la participación y la aceptación de diversos puntos de vista. De hecho, los procesos políticos reconocen en forma creciente nuestras obligaciones hacia las generaciones futuras, hacia otros seres vivos y, realmente, hacia todo el Planeta Tierra, y así, la ciencia también amplía el alcance de sus preocupaciones (Midgley, 2000; Capra y Luisi, 2014/2019).
Machine Learning Applied to Gender Violence: A Systematic Mapping Study
Authors: Pinto-Muñoz Cristian-Camilo , Zuñiga-Samboni Jhon-Alex , Ordoñez-Erazo Hugo-Armando
Published: November 2023

Machine Learning (ML) has positioned itself as one of the best tools to address different problems thanks to its data processing capabilities, as well as the different models, algorithms, and predictive factors that help to solve defined problems. Therefore, this article presents a systematic mapping from 2018 to 2023 focused on the application of ML to gender-based violence. The methodology followed for this study is based on the definition of elements such as research questions, search strings, bibliographic sources, and inclusion and exclusion criteria. The research results allow us to understand the benefits and challenges of using artificial intelligence, precisely one of its branches, ML, to help combat problems in different areas of society, such as education, health, and violence, among others. It also identifies the countries where ML is being researched and the contexts it is applied to. The study discusses the application of ML to combat gender-based violence. After conducting a literature review, beneficial results were found in the application of artificial intelligence and ML. The results obtained in the different articles showed a predictive capacity and improvements compared to currently used systems. However, despite the positive results, no evidence of the development of an ML model or algorithm applied to gender-based violence in Colombia was found in the review.
Soutien équitable pour les moyens de subsistance et la nourriture
Authors:   Institute of Development Studies, Rohwerder Brigitte
Published: November 2023

La pandémie de Covid-19 et les réponses politiques visant à contenir sa propagation ont eu de graves répercussions sur les moyens de subsistance et la sécurité alimentaire des populations. Elle a révélé les faiblesses et les inégalités des systèmes de protection sociale, de la production et de la distribution alimentaires, de la sécurité de l'emploi et des politiques économiques, les personnes déjà marginalisées et vulnérables ayant été les plus affectées. Les confinements, la fermeture des frontières et la fermeture ou la réduction des activités des entreprises et des bureaux publics ont provoqué des récessions économiques, la perte de moyens de subsistance, et ont poussé plusieurs millions de personnes au bord de la pauvreté et de la misère. La pandémie a eu un impact majeur sur la production des ménages et sur leur accès à des aliments nutritifs de qualité en raison des pertes de revenus associées à la hausse des prix des denrées alimentaires et aux restrictions de mouvement des personnes, des biens et des produits (ibid.). Les femmes et les personnes travaillant dans les économies informelles ont été les plus durement touchées à la fois dans les zones rurales et urbaines en raison de profondes inégalités. Ces effets continuent d’être observés quatre ans plus tard, le Rapport mondial sur les crises alimentaires de 2023 identifiant les impacts socioéconomiques persistants de la pandémie comme l'un des facteurs clés de la hausse de l'insécurité alimentaire aiguë. Les impacts socio-économiques de la pandémie ont eu un effet négatif sur la résilience des populations appauvries, entraînant des périodes de rétablissement plus longues et une incapacité à faire face aux chocs futurs.
Are Slovenia’s forests deviating from sustainable development?
Authors: Kušar Gal , Kovač Marko
Published: November 2023

For groups of ecological and social functions of forests, we critically assessed how individual functions at the first level of emphasis determine the management approach. For all these functions, we reviewed the Slovenian scientific literature in the fields of forestry, growth and yield science, nature conservation and legislative sources influencing forest function, and then we prepared our proposal on how to evaluate functions in the future. We propose an updated system of assessing and mapping of emphasized forest functions and an emphasis on close-to-nature management in these forests.
Identification of Paracetamol and Caffeine in Jamu Powders Simultaneously Using TLC-Densitometry
Authors: Wahyuningsih Etik , Isnaeni
Published: November 2023

Paracetamol and caffeine are chemical compounds that are suspected to be illegally added to the traditional herbs claimed as rheumatics drugs. Identification of paracetamol and caffeine has been done on five samples of jamu powder obtained from the Depot Jamu in Surabaya. This study aimed to simultaneously identify paracetamol and caffeine commonly found in traditional medicine one of which is jamu powder using thin-layer chromatography densitometry (TLC-Densitometry). Evaluate the presence of paracetamol and caffeine in the product of jamu was performed by thin layer chromatography with silica gel GF254 and chloroform-ethyl acetate (1:1) as the stationary and mobile phase respectively. The spots on the TLC plate were detected using a UV at 254 nm and the areas were measured by a Camag TLC scanner. The TLC profile demonstrated a good separation of paracetamol, caffein, and others substances that containing in the products. The retardation factor (Rf) of paracetamol and caffeine were 0,42 and 0,26 with a detection limit of 0,0125 µg/spot and 0,05 µg/spot respectively. The simultaneous identification of caffeine and paracetamol by using thin-layer chromatography densitometry revealed that none of the five samples were detected to contain paracetamol and caffeine.
Keywords: Simultaneously, Identification, Paracetamol, Caffeine, Jamu Powder, TLC- Densitometry
Improving the Bioavailability of Curcumin in Curcuma heyneana by Preparing Solid Dispersion
Authors: Sudjarwo Sudjarwo , Bobsaid Jihan , Windianto Farhan Rizqi , Rizkyah Chaerini , Shaffiqa Nurul , Putra Anggara Satria , Jaelani Mochammad Iqbal , Zulfah Yasmin , Nareswari Andwynanda Bhadra , Fridayanti S Septia Indah , Devitri Nabilah Apsari , Yakub Nikolas , Putri Yushalluuna Bekti Pasuka , Widyowati Retno
Published: November 2023

Curcuma heyneana or Temu Giring contains curcumin which has anti-aging potential and is traditionally used as a body scrub. This potential comes from the active ingredient (curcumin) which can prevent premature aging with its activity as an antioxidant, inhibitor of the tyrosinase enzyme, and inhibitor of the collagenase enzyme. So, it can prevent hyperpigmentation and inhibit the breakdown of collagen which can have an impact on skin aging. Oral dosage forms for anti-aging are starting to be found on the market and becoming a trend because of their convenient use. However, it is known that curcumin as an active ingredient of Temugiring, has poor solubility and bioavailability. The bioavailability of curcumin is low when administered orally due to its low absorption and its stability which decreases significantly when the pH is above 7. This study is a literature review of national and international literature databases that aims to determine the potential for increasing the bioavailability of curcumin using solid dispersion techniques. The results obtained indicate that making Temu Giring extract tablets containing curcumin using the solid dispersion method can increase the bioavailability of curcumin by overcoming the poor solubility, permeability, absorption, and stability of curcumin. By designing the Temu Giring extract using a solid dispersion method, the curcumin can be completely dissolved and released into the stomach.
Keywords: Curcuma heyneana, Temu Giring, anti-aging, tablet, curcuminoid, antioxidant, solid dispersion.
Molecular Docking Study of Ferulic Acid Analog Compounds as Lung Antifibrotic at TGF-β1 Receptors
Authors: Pebrianti Denayu , Ekowati Juni , Ainurrizma Dhea Ananda
Published: November 2023

Pulmonary fibrosis is one of the conditions that occur in Post-COVID Syndrome patients. Development of specific treatment as an agent to treat pulmonary fibrosis is still ongoing. Ferulic acid is a compound that has a potential lung antifibrotic agent through inhibition of TGF-β1-mediated signaling. Molecular docking studies using the AutoDock Tools program version 1.5.7 were conducted on ferulic acid and its analogs to determine the activity of compounds as antifibrotic. Furthermore, the interaction of the compound with the receptor was visualized using the Discovery Studio 2021 program. The results showed that ferulic acid and its analogs have lower free energy than pirphenidone which is a standard lung antifibrotic drug. 4- benzoyloxy-3-methoxycinnamic acid is the compound that has the greatest activity. The group that contributes to the ligand-receptor interaction is the aromatic group with π interaction.
Keywords: Molecular docking, AutoDock, antifibrotic, TGF-β1, ferulic acid
THE INFLUENCE OF SHARIA COMPLIANCE, PROMOTION AND REPUTATION OF BANK SYARIAH INDONESIA ON CUSTOMER LOYALTY
Authors: Sabardin
Published: November 2023

Introduction: This study aims to investigate how customer loyalty of the Indonesian Sharia bank KCP Kuala Tungkal is affected by Sharia compliance, promotion, and reputation in various contexts or settings and various variables, such as various bank types or regions, which can affect the results.
Methods: In this study, secondary data were analyzed using multiple regression with quantitative descriptive techniques using Eviews 10. The sample consisted of 99 respondents, all of whom were customers of Bank Mandiri Syariah.
Results: The findings indicated that customer loyalty was not positively impacted by Sharia compliance; however, customer loyalty was positively impacted by reputation promotion, and reputation had a significant impact on customer loyalty. Additionally, there was a significant impact on customer loyalty when Sharia compliance, promotion, and bank reputation were combined.
Conclusion and suggestion: There is a positive correlation between reputation and customer loyalty. This suggests that customer loyalty also increases as brand familiarity increases. This study contributes to consumer loyalty by promoting Sharia compliance, bank advertising, and reputation.
GOOD CORPORATE GOVERNANCE (GCG) AND FINANCIAL DISTRESS BEFORE AND DURING THE PANDEMIC COVID-19
Authors: Emilia Rosintha , Windijarto
Published: November 2023

Introduction: Companies need to apply Good Corporate Governance (GCG) to avoid financial difficulty during periods of crisis. This study can see more clearly the effect of the realization of GCG on banking during a crisis by comparing influence before the crisis and its influence during the crisis, is the application of GCG stronger in the crisis? And whether the show of GCG during a crisis can lower the occurrence of financial distress in affected firms.
Methods: Quantitative research method using statistical analysis using regression panel data tested in different situations.
Results: The effect of the GCG on financial distress increased in the crisis period, namely 25.48% in the pre-crisis term, increasing to 98.67% in the crisis term.
Conclusion and suggestion: The outcome of this examination shows that GCG had a negative and significant effect before the crisis and during the crisis, but the results showed the influence of GCG is stronger for crisis periods where in that period companies will try to improve their corporate governance as an effort to survive.
Civil Society, Global Environmental Governance, dan Indigenous People: Kiprah Masyarakat Dayak Iban Manua Sungai Utik dalam Menghambat Laju Deforestasi
Authors: Setiawan Arief , Najwa Lia Nihlah , Fahadayna Adhi Cahya
Published: November 2023

Artikel ini berasal dari penelitian dengan pertanyaan bagaimana peran Masyarakat Adat Iban Menua Sungai Utik sebagai Civil society dalam Tata Kelola Lingkungan? Tujuan artikel ini untuk mendeskripsikan peran Masyarakat Adat Iban Menua Sungai Utik sebagai Civil society dalam Tata Kelola Lingkungan. Pertanyaan dan tujuan di atas muncul karena adanya asumsi tentang relasi erat masyarakat Dayak Iban dengan alam, khususnya hutan. Hubungan tersebut menciptakan relasi khusus antara masyarakat dan lingkunganya dalam format tata kelola sendiri yang befungsi untuk mapping dan regulasi etika pengelolaan wilayah. Sebagai bagian dari civil society dalam global environmental governance, masyarakat Dayak Iban Sungai Utik tidak hanya mampu melakukan internalisasi nilai nilai tradisi mereka. Selain itu, juga memiliki bargain position yang cukup kuat sehingga memiliki kekuatan politik untuk advokasi atas hak mereka sebagai masyarakat adat serta terhadap lingkungan. Mereka meraih penghargaan sebagai Kabupaten Konservasi pada 2003. Selain itu, juga mendapatkan pengakuan dan perlindungan hak adat pada 2018, serta Equator Prize Award.
Optimizing Organizational Performance: Unraveling the Interplay of Psychological Attributes in the Era of New Ways of Working
Authors: Musthofa Zainul , Raj Yeshwant
Published: November 2023

The global proliferation of New Ways of Working (NWW) has accelerated, driven by technological advancements and the exigencies of the COVID-19 pandemic, compelling a substantial workforce to adopt teleworking. However, the commonplace nature of NWW has ushered in a new challenge: the mental well-being of employees worldwide. Consequently, the psychological attributes of employees assume paramount significance for organizations striving to sustain their operations. This study endeavors to scrutinize the pivotal role of psychological attributes in the efficacious implementation of teleworking, with a consequential impact on organizational performance. Employing the production of space theory, the research elucidates the intricate dimensions inherent in NWW. Methodologically, a multilevel analysis is employed to unravel the intricate interplay of variables at both individual and organizational levels. The survey, conducted among individuals in Southeast Asia with teleworking experience during the pandemic, amassed 319 samples primarily from Indonesia. The findings underscore the substantial influence of self-efficacy, entitlement, and resilience on the successful adoption of NWW. Additionally, the study employs the PROCESS macro by Hayes to meticulously validate both mediating and moderating relationships. The outcomes accentuate the pivotal role of work engagement as a moderator, facilitating direct impacts of psychological variables on NWW and indirect effects on firm performance, mediated through NWW. This research contributes nuanced insights into the multifaceted dynamics of teleworking, offering a sophisticated understanding of the interplay between psychological attributes, NWW, and organizational performance in the contemporary landscape.
Identifikasi Jenis Mineral Magnetik Berdasarkan Uji XRF pada Sedimen Permukaan Sungai Bone di Daerah Pertambangan di DesaTulabolo Timur, Suwawa, Kabupaten Gorontalo
Authors: Nono’o Sandra , Yunginger Raghel , Tamutuan Gerald H , Demulawa Meilan , Supu Idawati
Published: November 2023

This study aims to determine the Types of Magnetic Minerals in Bone River Sediments in the Mining Area of Tulabolo Village. The XRF test was used to identify Magnetic Mineral elements in Bone River Sediments, and electrical conductivity (EC), pH, and temperature parameters for in situ measurements of Bone River water samples and measures of mineral types was carried out on prepared sediment samples. The results showed that direct measurements on water samples showed that the values of EC, pH, and temperature were (1,620-1,900) µS/cm, (5-7), and (25.0-25.9)oC, respectively. While the results of measurements using XRF elements that have the most significant percentage are elements (Si), especially at the S10 point of 58.84% diamagnetic minerals, elements (Fe), especially at the S7 point of 22.80%, element (Al) at the S10 point of 8, 11%, elements (Ti) at point S1 1.84% which are ferromagnetic minerals. Elements (Ca) at end S2 of (2.67%), elements (K) at point S1 of 1.50% paramagnetic minerals.
Identifikasi Mineral Magnetik Pada Tanah Permukaan Dari Daerah Tercemar Abu Terbang dan Abu Dasar
Authors: Sudarningsih Sudarningsih , Fahruddin Fahruddin , Ibrahim Ibrahim , Astuti Puji
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACT. Magnetic susceptibility measurements have been carried out at three points (A1, A2 and A3) on the surface soil around the Asam-asam power plant. This study aims to determine the magnetic minerals that may be present in these soil samples. Magnetic susceptibility measurements were carried out using the Bartington Susceptibility Meter MS2B. Based on the range of susceptibility values in soil samples, it shows the content of magnetic minerals such as ilmenite, pyrrhotites and titanomagnetite which are thought to come from fly ash and bottom ash from combustion at the PLTU.KEYWORDS: magnetic minerals, soil, flying ash, bottom ash
WORK LIFE BALANCE DAN WORK ENGAGEMENT : DAMPAKNYA TERHADAP KEPUASAN KERJA DAN KINERJA KARYAWAN
Authors: Latifah Nimas Sayekti  , Suhartini
Published: November 2023

This study aimed to analyze the effects of WLB and WE on employee satisfaction with job satisfaction as an intervening variable at PT. Antam Tbk Head Office. The data collection method was questionnaires. The population of this study consisted of 321 employees, with a sample consisting of 178 employees. The data analysis method was Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) using SmartPLS v.3.0. The results of the study showed that, first, WLB has a positive effect on job satisfaction. Second, WE has a positive effect on job satisfaction. Third, WLB has a positive effect on employee performance. Fourth, WE has a positive effect on employee performance. Fifth, job satisfaction has a positive effect on employee performance. Sixth, WLB has a positive effect on employee performance through job satisfaction. Seventh, WE has a positive effect on employee performance through job satisfaction. The results of this study can be used as a reference for improving and maintaining WLB, WE, job satisfaction, and employee performance.

Keywords: Work Life Balance, Work Engagement, Performance, and Satisfaction
Amyloid Degradation Toxicity Hypothesis: Integrative Theory of Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Zaretsky Dmitry V. , Zaretskaia Maria V.
Published: November 2023

The manuscript presents the comprehensive integrative theory of the etiology and pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease - the amyloid degradation toxicity hypothesis - and describes the logic that underlies it.The analysis of amyloid biomarkers and stable-isotope label kinetics (SILK) studies suggest that AD diagnosis is associated with higher cellular uptake of beta-amyloid. Uptake of beta-amyloid by cells is needed for its cytotoxicity, so the uptake rate should correlate with the rate of neurodegeneration. Also, the initial step in forming extracellular aggregates cannot occur in the interstitial fluid due to the extremely low concentration of beta-amyloid but can occur intralysosomally. Therefore, the density of extracellular aggregates should positively correlate with the rate of cellular amyloid uptake. The model, which considers that both cytotoxicity and aggregation of beta-amyloid are defined by cellular uptake, successfully reproduces the probability distribution of AD diagnosis in the population. Cellular uptake of beta-amyloid is mediated by endocytosis. Endocytosed beta-amyloid induces lysosomal permeabilization that occurs without plasma membrane damage. Lysosomal permeabilization explains ion disturbances, such as an accumulation of intracellular calcium, caused by cell exposure to extracellular beta-amyloid. Some amyloid fragments, produced from beta-amyloid by lysosomal proteases, can form membrane channels in lysosomal membranes, which are large enough to leak cathepsins to the cytoplasm. Appearance of proteases in the cytoplasm results in necrosis and/or initiation of apoptosis. If the cell survives, the damage of lysosomes leads to autophagy failure and slow recycling of mitochondria, promoting the production of reactive oxygen species and potentiating cell damage.Considering the above, the integrative theory of AD etiology and pathogenesis can be formulated. The etiology of AD is the membrane channel formation by amyloid fragments produced in lysosomes. The pathogenesis includes lysosomal permeabilization by giant membrane channels, which leak lysosomal proteases into the cytoplasm. The correlation between the density of amyloid aggregates and the probability of AD appears because the intensity of cellular uptake defines both aggregation rates in vivo and cytotoxicity of beta-amyloid.The amyloid degradation toxicity hypothesis is the integrative theory of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). It successfully interprets multiple phenomena and paradoxes associated with AD pathobiology at various levels, from molecular and cellular to biomarkers. The hypothesis explains the limitations of currently used biomarkers of AD and proposes etiology-related parameters. These parameters could be measured in humans and become novel diagnostic and prognostic clinical tools. Based on the proposed framework, we foresee the development of effective medications to treat, stall the progression of, or prevent disease development.
Lines and Dots Technique: A Novel Precision Approach in BoNT-A Administration for Horizontal Forehead Lines
Authors: Alhallak Kamal
Published: November 2023

(1) Background: This manuscript introduces the "Lines and Dots" (LAD) technique, a novel method for administering Botulinum Toxin Type A (BoNT-A) in treating horizontal forehead lines. This technique emphasizes precision in targeting nerve endplates, considering individual anatomical variations, and optimizing treatment efficacy. (2) Methods: The LAD technique focus on using the frontalis muscle contraction dynamics to identify the specific distribution of the supraorbital and supratrochlear nerves It involves creating a grid of predetermined lines and points on the forehead that align with nerve paths and motor endplate zones. (3) Results: By targeting injections along these precise lines and points, the LAD technique ensures more effective utilization of BoNT-A. This approach not only enhances the toxin's effect but also allows for a reduction in the overall dosage. The strategic placement of injections results in a more natural, symmetrical, and sustained therapeutic effect, ensuring an improved aesthetic outcome. (4) Conclusions: The LAD technique represents a significant advancement in the realm of cosmetic injectables. It offers a tailored, patient-specific approach, maximizing the effectiveness of BoNT-A injections for treating forehead lines while minimizing risks and enhancing patient satisfaction. This method underscores the importance of a deep anatomical understanding and precision in cosmetic procedures.
Effects of Anthropogenic Activities on Sardinella maderensis (Lowe, 1838) Fisheries in Coastal Communities of Ibeju-Lekki, Lagos, Nigeria
Authors: Adewale Temitope , Aheto Denis , Okyere Isaac , Soyinka Olufemi , Dekolo Samuel
Published: November 2023

Small-scale fisheries are significant sources of nutrition and livelihood globally. However, increasing anthropogenic activities in coastal areas of developing countries have threatened the sustainability of artisanal fisheries and species. Fisheries of Sardinella maderensis (Lowe, 1838), to which Nigeria contributes 9% of the global stock and is a significant livelihood source in the coastal communities of Ibeju-Lekki, Lagos, face sustainability threats. This research investigated the effects of anthropogenic activities on S. maderensis fishery in the coastal areas of Ibeju-Lekki, Lagos, Nigeria. The study adopted a mixed-method approach involving qualitative and quantitative research methods. These include species identification, water quality analysis, land use change analysis, field surveys, focus group discussions and interviews. Results show genetic analysis of the fish samples from six stations revealed that the species had a mean of 98% similarity to Sardinella maderensis in NCBI. Multiple linear regression indicates that anthropogenic variables explained approximately 4.62% of the variance in the fish catch (p < .001, R2 = .05). Water samples showed heavy metal levels were above international limits, high total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) pollution in all stations (27.56 mg/L- 3985.40 mg/L). Physiochemical analysis of water samples indicated TDS higher than acceptable limits (Mean = 24971.1 mg/L) and inadequate chlorophyll-a level (Mean = 0.01 µg/L). Hence, urgent strategies are required to mitigate anthropogenic threats through inclusive coastal management policies supporting resilient artisanal fisheries and marine spatial planning.
Fine 3D Control of THz Emission in Air with Dual Femtosecond Laser Pre-pulses at Tunnelling Ionisation Regime
Authors: Huang Hsin-Hui , Nagashima Takeshi , Kumagai Kota , Hayasaki Yoshio , Juodkazis Saulius , Tikhonchuk Vladimir T. , Hatanaka Koji
Published: November 2023

Two pre-pulses focused at different positions and at different time moments were used to enhance THz emission generated by the main pulse. The emission of THz radiation from air breakdown regions of focused ultrashort fs-laser pulses (800 nm/35 fs) at shockwave front prepared by pre-pulses was investigated, and a 3D spatio-temporal control was established for the most intense emission. The laser pulse-induced air breakdown forms a ~120 micrometers-long focal volume and generates a shockwave that delivers denser air into the focal region of the main pulse for enhanced generation of THz radiation at 0.1-2.5 THz spectral window. The intensity of pre- and main-pulses was at the tunneling ionisation intensities (1-3)x1016 W/cm2 and corresponded to sub-critical (transparent) plasma in air. Polarisation analysis revealed that the orientation of the air density gradients generated by pre-pulses and their time-space placement defined the ellipticity of the generated THz electrical field. The rotational electric current is the origin of THz radiation. The current is created by non-parallel gradients of electron density and temperature. Scaling dependencies of THz emission control are established.
The Study of Exotic and Invasive Plant Species in Gullele Botanic Garden, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Authors: Gebru Mehari Girmay , Gebrehiwot Kflay , Atnafe Ergua , Tareke Yared
Published: November 2023

Gullele Botanic Garden was established to preserve and safeguard indigenous, rare, endemic and endangered plant species that have economic significance. A study was conducted to identify and map non-native plant species that exist in various land use types, including natural vegetation, plantation, roadside, and garden edges. The research involved placing plots at different distances in each land use type and collecting vegetation data with geo-location information for exotic and invasive species. The data was analyzed using Sorensen's similarity index to measure the similarity between plant communities. Invasive species were identified using ArcGIS, and descriptive statistical methods were employed to analyze the remaining data. The recorded a total of 80 plant species belonging to 70 genera in 44 families in the garden, with Fabaceae and Asteraceae having the most species. Acacia decurrens, Acacia melanoxylon, Cuscuta campestris, Galinsoga parviflora, Nerium oleander, and Cyathula uncinulata are the most prevalent invasive or potentially invasive species among the species that have been documented. These species are spreading quickly and may displace native plant species if not properly managed. The study found that roadside and garden edge land use types had the most diverse exotic plants, with Acacia decurrens, Nerium oleander, Acacia melanoxylon, Agave species, Cyathula uncinulata, and Eucalyptus species being the most dominant exotic species in the garden. The total density of exotic species was 2.36 plants/m2. The study provides valuable information for managing and conserving both native and exotic plant species in the garden.
Molecular Mechanisms Involved in the Occurrence and Progression of Long COVID and Associated Analysis Techniques
Authors: Constantinescu-Bercu Adela , Lobiuc Andrei , Caliman Sturdza Olga Adriana , Oita Radu , Iavorschi Monica , Paval Naomi , Soldanescu Iuliana , Dimian Mihai , Covasa Mihai
Published: November 2023

Long COVID, also known as post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (PASC), has emerged as a significant health concern following the COVID-19 pandemic. Molecular mechanisms underlying the occurrence and progression of long COVID include viral persistence, immune dysregulation, endothelial dysfunction, and neurological involvement, and highlight the need for further research to develop targeted therapies for this condition. While a clearer picture of the clinical symptomatology is shaping, many molecular mechanisms are yet to be unraveled, given their complexity and high level of interaction with other metabolic pathways. This review summarizes some of the most important symptoms and associated molecular mechanisms that occur in long COVID, as well as the most relevant molecular techniques that can be used in understanding the viral pathogen, its affinity towards the host and the possible outcomes of host-pathogen interaction.
Centrality-based Equal Risk Contribution Portfolio
Authors: Patki Shreya , Kwon Roy H. , Lawryshyn Yuri
Published: November 2023

This article combines the traditional definition of portfolio risk with minimum spanning tree based “interconnectedness risk" to improve the equal risk contribution portfolio performance. We use betweenness centrality to measure an asset’s importance in a market graph (network). After filtering the complete correlation network to a minimum spanning tree, we calculate the centrality score and convert it to a centrality heuristic. We develop an adjusted variance-covariance matrix using the centrality heuristic, to bias the model to assign peripheral assets in the minimum spanning tree higher weights. We test this methodology using the constituents of the S&P 100 index. The results show that the centrality equal risk portfolio can improve upon the base equal risk portfolio returns, with a similar level of risk. We observe that during bear markets, the centrality-based portfolio can surpass the base equal risk portfolio risk.
Microstructural Analysis of Sintered Ti–Al–C Composite Powder Materials
Authors: Kandrotaitė Janutienė Rasa , Mažeika Darius , Gegeckienė Laura , Venytė Ingrida , Syzonenko Olha , Torpakov Andrii
Published: November 2023

This work deals with the analysis of phase composition of sintered Ti-Al-C composite materials under high voltage electrical discharge. The samples of Ti-Al-C powder composites were tested by SEM, Raman spectroscopy and XRD. It was determined that the treatment of the powder by high voltage electrical discharge (HVED) and further sintering at high temperatures using the method of spark plasma sintering (SPS) encourages the formation of the intermetallic reinforcing phases, carbides and different nanocarbon structures like graphene and fullerenes, as well as pure graphite. Intermetallic phases and nanocarbon structures improve mechanical and physical properties of the composites. By using experimental methods mentioned above, the phase composition of Ti-Al-C powder composites obtained at different sintering temperatures was determined.
Neuromodulation Techniques for Headache Management
Authors: Reffat Noora , Pusec Carolina , Price Scott J , Gupta Mayank , Mavrocordatos Philippe , Abd Elsayed Alaa
Published: November 2023

This narrative review aims to summarize evidence regarding the current utilization and future applications of neuromodulation in patients with headaches, with special attention paid to migraine and chronic cluster headache. We performed a narrative review of the literature to identify studies that detail the effectiveness of neuromodulation therapies in the treatment of headache syndromes. The literature was refined to predominantly focus on systematic reviews published in the last year that have the most robust reporting of research done on this topic. Patients with headache face several challenges, including medication overuse, cost burden, non-compliance to medications due to inability to tolerate side effects, or treatments that are ineffective. Neuromodulation is an emerging field that encompasses implantable and non-implantable technologies that intervene on the signaling and perception of pain. In recent years, this technology has been used as an analgesic, and has been shown to be effective for treatment-resistant headache, particularly when used in patients with migraine and chronic cluster headache.
Quinces (Cydonia, Chaenomeles and Pseudocidonia) as Less Distinguishable Medicinal Fruits of the Rosaceae Family. Current State of Knowledge on Properties and Use
Authors: Kostecka-Gugała Anna
Published: November 2023

In recent years, the evaluation of many plant-derived compounds as potential new drugs or functional foods has become an active research topic. The characteristics of quinces of the genera Cydonia, Chaenomeles and Pseuocydonia are largely similar, which is why these fruits are often confused. Although they have been appreciated in Asia for centuries as a valuable component of local ethnomedicine, they are less known in Western countries and scientific knowledge about their health benefits remains fragmentary. This literature review presents the bioactive compounds of these fruits with special emphasis on antioxidants. Most space has been devoted to the presentation of the biological activities and potential medical applications of the fruits due to their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, cardioprotective and antidiabetic effects.
Quantitative Analysis and Molecular Docking Simulation of Flavonols from Eruca sativa Mill. And Their Effect on Skin Barrier Function
Authors: Park Jihye , Choi Wonchul , Kim Jayoung , Kim Hye Won , Lee Jee-Young , Lee Jongsung , Kim Bora
Published: November 2023

Eruca sativa is a commonly used edible plant in Italian cuisine. E. sativa 70% ethanol extract (ES) was fractionated with five organic solvents. Ethyl acetate fraction(EEA) had the highest antioxidant activity, which was correlated with the total polyphenol and flavonoid content. ES and EEA acted as PPAR-α ligands by PPAR-α competitive binding assay. EEA significantly increased cornified envelope formation as a keratinocyte terminal differentiation marker in HaCaT cells. Further, it significantly reduced nitric oxide and pro-inflammatory cytokines in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. The main flavonol forms detected in high amounts from EEA are mono-, and di-glycoside of each aglycone. Flavonol mono-glycosides were shown to be a potent PPAR-α ligand using molecular docking simulation and showed the inhibition of nitric oxide. These results suggest that E. sativa is suitable for use in improving skin barrier function and inflammation in skin disorders, such as atopic dermatitis.
The Impact of COVID-19 Vaccination on Autoimmune Disorders: A Descriptive Analysis
Authors: Ghosh Aritra , Larrondo-Petrie Maria M. , Pavlovic Mirjana
Published: November 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic has had a substantial impact on global health, notably the virus's association with autoimmune illnesses. Autoimmune illnesses occur when the immune system of the body targets healthy cells, causing damage and inflammation. The potential impact of COVID-19 on autoimmune disorders, the hazards of COVID-19 vaccinations for persons with autoimmune diseases, and the potential risks of COVID-19 vaccines are all discussed in this essay. COVID-19 can cause autoimmune illnesses by causing inflammation, organ and tissue damage, and molecular mimicry, in which the immune system mistakenly assaults healthy cells for the virus. However, not everyone infected with COVID-19 develops autoimmune disorders. While some research has found a link between COVID-19 and autoimmune illnesses, this does not always suggest causation. Other factors, such as genetics and environment, may also play a role in the emergence of autoimmune illnesses. COVID-19 can aggravate existing autoimmune disorders by causing the immune system to attack healthy cells, making management more difficult and increasing the risk of consequences. People with autoimmune disorders, on the other hand, may not be at a higher risk of severe COVID-19 than the general population. Some research has found that persons with autoimmune disorders are more likely to have severe COVID-19, whereas others have found no difference. COVID-19 vaccinations may represent dangers to persons with autoimmune illnesses since they contain antigens that can activate the immune system. Furthermore, due to their already overactive immune systems, some vaccines may not perform as well for people with autoimmune disorders, and some people with autoimmune diseases may have severe reactions to immunizations, producing inflammation and other symptoms. COVID-19 may not be any more hazardous to those with autoimmune illnesses than it is to the general population. The connection between COVID-19 and autoimmune disorders is complicated and under investigation. While some research implies that people with autoimmune disorders have a higher risk of severe COVID-19, others demonstrate no difference in death rates between them and the general population. There are also counterarguments that COVID-19 can induce and exacerbate autoimmune disorders, as well as worries about COVID-19 vaccine hazards for people who have autoimmune diseases. More research is required to completely understand the influence of COVID-19 on autoimmune illnesses, as well as the dangers and benefits of vaccinations for these people.
PENINGKATAN MINAT BELAJAR SISWA DAN KEAKTIFAN BELAJAR SISWA KELAS VII
Authors: TA'DUNGAN KRISTINA
Published: November 2023

Pendidik perlu memahami setiap minat dan keaktifpan siswa dalam menerima pembelajaran dan mampu mendorong siswa supaya aktif selama proses pembelajaran agar penyampaian materi atau proses pembelajaran menjadi lancar dan sukses sehingga tercapainya tujuan pembelajaran. Pendidik juga perlu memahami upaya-upaya yang harus dilakukan untuk merangsang keatifan siswa dalam proses pembelajaran. Tujuan kajian ini adalah untuk (1) mendeskripsikan minat belajar siswa (2) keaktifan siswa dalam belajar; (3) mendeskripsikan ciri-ciri siswa aktif; (3) mendeskripsikan upaya-upaya yang dilakukan untuk meningkatkan keaktifan siswa dalam belajar. Hasil penelitian ini adalah: (1) Siswa aktif adalah siswa yang terlibat secara terus menerus baik secara fisik, psikis, intelektual maupun emosional yang membentuk proses mengkomparasikan materi pelajaran yang diterima; (2) ciri-ciri siswa aktif (3) Upaya-upaya yang bisa dilakukan untuk meningkatkan keaktifan belajar siswa bisa menggunakan pembelajaran cooperative learning, media interaktif, video pembelajaran dan metode diskusi.
Generating Diverse Optimal Road Management Plans in Post-Disaster by Applying Envelope Multi-Objective Deep Reinforcement Learning
Authors: Joo Soo-Hyun , Ogawa Yoshiki , Sekimoto Yoshihide
Published: November 2023

The authors used a data-driven reinforcement learning model for the post-disaster rapid recovery of human mobility, considering human-mobility recovery rate, road connectivity, and travel cost as the recovery components, to generate the reward framework. Each component has relative importance with respect to the others. However, if the preference is different from the original one, the optimal policy may not always be identified. This limitation must be addressed to enhance the robustness and generalizability of the proposed deep Q-network model. Therefore, a set of optimal policies were identified over a predetermined preference space, and the underlying importance was evaluated by applying envelope multi-objective reinforcement learning. The agent used in this study could distinguish the importance of each damaged road based on a given relative preference and derive a road-recovery policy suitable for each criterion. Furthermore, the authors provided the guidelines for constructing the optimal road-management plan. Based on the generalized policy network, the government can access diverse restoration strategies and select the most appropriate one depending on the disaster situation.
DEVELOPMENT OF HORIZONTAL BULB HYDROTURBINES FOR HIGH HEADS WITH A WIDE RANGE OF RELIABLE OPERATION MODES
Authors: Крупа Євгеній Сергійович
Published: November 2023

The issues and directions for improving the energy-cavitation and operational performance of hydro turbine equipment of hydroelectric power plants are considered. The paper analyzes in detail the directions for improving the main indicators characterizing the energy and operational advantages of horizontal hydro turbines. Straight-axis Kaplan hydraulic turbines with a horizontal axis of rotation of the hydraulic unit have incomparable advantages compared to hydraulic turbines with water supply using a spiral case, in terms of higher throughput and a wider range of operation. The practice of hydraulic turbine construction has determined the range of heads for which different types of hydraulic turbines are used. The use of horizontal directflow hydraulic turbines for heads of more than 40 meters encounters a number of problems of a hydrodynamic nature, strength, and reliable operation. The paper analyzes the advantages of direct-flow bulb hydro turbines and the possibility of using them for high heads. New design solutions are considered, for which Ukrainian patents have been obtained, allowing the use of horizontal bulb hydraulic units for higher heads (up to 300 meters) and at the same time obtaining a wider operating area not only in terms of flow rates, but also in terms of heads. The use of twin bulb hydraulic units will significantly expand the operational ranges of highly efficient and reliable operation of horizontal bulb hydraulic turbines at flow rates (power) that allow them to successfully operate at variable peak loads of daily regulation. Based on the analysis of the working process of various horizontal and diagonal turbines, the analysis of their universal characteristics, scientifically based proposals was developed for the nomenclature of twin bulb hydraulic units. The design of a horizontal hydraulic turbine using inlet nozzle channels is presented. The use of nozzle diaphragms as elements that create the angular momentum necessary for optimal operation of the hydraulic turbine makes it possible to use bulb direct-flow hydro units for high heads (80–100 meters).
Leak Monitoring in Split Duct Air Conditioner Based on Internet of Things
Authors: Aji Eka Afdi Septiyono , Jamaaluddin Jamaaluddin , Ahfas Akhmad , Ayuni Shazana Dhiya
Published: November 2023

Water accumulation in air conditioning (AC) drain pans can lead to corrosion and subsequent leaks, impacting AC system performance. This study focuses on implementing a monitoring system to track water levels and promptly discharge water to prevent corrosion. Using a research and development approach, the study evaluated the water level sensor's performance in measuring water levels and the pump's effectiveness in discharging water at specific levels, ensuring overall system reliability. The system utilized the NodeMCU ESP8266 microcontroller, a water level sensor, an LCD I2C 16x2 display, and Blynk as a smartphone-based monitoring platform. The findings demonstrated the effective functionality of the device in evacuating accumulated water from the AC evaporator. This was achieved through the activation of a water pump when the water level reached a threshold of 2 cm, thereby preventing potential leakage in the air conditioner's storage gutter.
Low-pressure gasoline direct injection system development and emissions analysis for a reciprocating two-stroke engine
Authors: Gutiérrez Ernesto , Sala Desrideri , Delpeuch Joann
Published: November 2023

This study presents the design and construction of an electronic low-pressure gasoline direct injection system for two-stroke engines, with the objective to study engine performance and the emission of exhaust polluting gases, maintaining the expectations of this type of engine. The investigation includes a test bench with an incorporated engine and the required control devices for this, as well as a gas analyzer Class 0, a Computerized Data Acquisition and several tools for displaying and process all the electronic signals from the engine in real time. In order to manage this system, a custom electronic injection control unit has been designed and built, which allows control the fuel injection timing and duration. This unit uses the signal from an inductive sensor installed in the crankshaft as a reference and synchronization point. Additionally, modifications have been made to the fuel feeder circuit and the electronic of the test engine, as well as to some parts of the mechanism in order to adapt them to this technology. The implementation of the engine tests is described, and the performance and operational points of the original system and those of the new injection system are evaluated.
Rheology Control and 3D Concrete Printing with Fly ash-based Aqueous Nano-silica Enhanced Alkali-activated Binders
Authors: Kamakshi Tippabhotla A. , Kolluru Subramaniam V.L.
Published: November 2023

Efficient alkali-activated binder pastes of slag and fly ash-based aqueous nano-silica (FABANS) that provide enhanced strength are used for developing extrusion-based 3D printing applications. The binder pastes of slag made with FABANS are not suitable for printing due to low yield stress and insufficient thixotropy. Rheology control for enhancing the yield stress and thixotropic buildup is evaluated using bentonite clay and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC). There is a synergistic enhancement in yield stress and thixotropic buildup provided by the combined use of bentonite and CMC that provides improved printability and buildability. Very rapid increase in yield stress with excess clay content in the presence of CMC, however, produces choking of flow and printability loss. The proportion of CMC and clay that provides the required thixotropic buildup for buildability is established. Printability and buildability of concrete mixture made with binder paste of FABANS with the proportion of rheology modifiers is demonstrated.