bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Search for the Russian national idea as a factor of modern state youth policy
Authors:   Saratov State University, Shestov Nikolay I.
Published: September 2024

This article is devoted to the analysis of one of the key problems of the strategy of modern Russian state youth policy. This is the problem of sustainable dominance in youth policy of the motives of state charity (systematic investments of budget funds in solving current problems of youth, in general, or of individual groups) over the motives of national-state interest (ensuring the sovereignty and security of the country, solving the problems of its economic development) throughout the post-Soviet era and up to the present day. The long and intensive search for the Russian national idea during this period did not significantly affect the structure of motives for cooperation between the state and its young citizens in issues of upbringing, education, professional guidance and value choice. The author sees the reason that youth policy ideologically developed on its own and the search for a national idea did not fill it with any fundamentally new meanings in specific technology of such searches as political technology. The specificity reveals itself in the fact that the search was aimed at maximizing the improvement of the theoretical doctrine, designed to become a new Russian national idea, at giving it original form and content. At the same time, issues of applying such a theoretical doctrine to solve practical problems of internal Russian social policy and, in particular, state youth policy were excluded from the discussion. Today there is a turn in Russian politics: institutions and practices common to liberal democracies are increasingly filled with a conservative-patriotic meaning. The resumption, in this regard, of the search for the Russian national idea may repeat the fate of previous experiments in this direction. In this case, the motives of youth policy do not form a significant connection with national-state interests and the prospect of bringing it through the efforts of its subjects to some qualitatively new level will once again be postponed indefinitely.
Influence of socio-economic differentiation of youth on its political identity
Authors:   Saratov State Law Academy, Trukhanov Viktor A.
Published: September 2024

This article examines the features of the political identity of provincial youth based on socio-economic differentiation. It is noted that the youth environment is not homogeneous in its socio-economic status and such differentiation in the context of a Special Military Operation, an unstable political situation, and social tension presupposes a different political identity. In turn, this leads to destructive activity of young people in relation to government officials, as well as to intergroup conflicts. This assumption formed the basis of the author’s analysis in considering the possible dependence of the ideological identification of young people on their place in the social structure of society. The scientific tasks to be solved by the analysis are the understanding and conceptualization of the political and ideological orientations of modern youth in the context of socio-economic differentiation. The working hypothesis was that the least financially protected groups of young people are the most radical in relation to the authorities. Therefore, the author conditionally distinguishes two groups of young people. The first group of young people are those who have a low standard of living, suffer from a lack of social elevators and social injustice, do not have the opportunity to get a good education and are ready to change their position in society during protest actions. The second group of young people is the generation that grew up as “qualified consumers”, who saw risks in reducing their consumption levels and are therefore ready for protest actions in order to defend their rights as consumers. However , the study of this problem revealed that modern youth are quite apolitical, this was shown by answers to the question about choosing an ideology whose values are closest to the respondent, as well as a rather low percentage of radically minded youth, regardless of financial situation, which does not significantly affect the political process. At the same time, in conditions of political instability and elite conflict, these groups of youth can become a destructive resource for political actors in the conflict.
Representation of political ideas in modern western comics-movies
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Kuznetsov Igor I. , Atamanenko Artemiy A. ,   Lomonosov Moscow State University
Published: September 2024

The article offers a view at modern Western comics-based movies as an element of mass political communication. Using the methodology of studying political languages and social fields, artistic features of the comic book film are examined, allowing politically charged messages to be conveyed in this genre. The main formats within which a comic book film becomes a conductor of political views of its authors and sponsors are identified. The study identified two main approaches to the politicization of the comic book film: by including political metaphors directly into the plot and through the implementation of a “production manifesto” during the creation and promotion of the comic book film as a creative product. Using the example of the highest-grossing films of the genre from 2017–2022, the main themes and intentions that touch upon political issues in modern Western comics films have been identified. The narrative and expressive tools used to form assessments and attitudes regarding political ideas, processes and phenomena through metaphors and allegories in the repertoire of comic book films are systematized.
Digitalization of international relations of Russian regions (the case of the Republic of Tatarstan)
Authors:   Kazan (Volga region) Federal University, Nasyrov Ildar R.
Published: September 2024

Being involved in complex processes of global politics, subnational actors face a lot of challenges, including the growing impact of global digitalization of international relations. The subject of this study are issues of practical use of information technologies in paradiplomacy and adequate response by regional authorities to digital transformation of international relations. Studying the case of the Republic of Tatarstan which systematically applies digital technologies in the field of international relations contributed to identifying priority areas for digitalization of paradiplomacy. The study used regulations and state origin documents of federal and regional levels, and materials produced by international organizations. Basic trends of digitalization of paradiplomacy include issues of development and implementation of management decisions based on the interaction of remote partners together with information support for international cooperation. The work considers the variety of implementation of digital technologies, identifies status of communication members in paradiplomacy, and different forms of communication. The importance of integrating electronic document management with information systems to support decision making is substantiated. The issues of creating special purpose information services for participants in foreign economic activity, cultural and humanitarian relations are considered. The experience of the Republic of Tatarstan testifies the need of legal regulation at the regional level to provide efficient use of information technologies by government authorities. Actual areas of digitalization include development of feedback forms with participants in external relations and creating computer systems of processing data sets to substantiate decision-making.
External and internal threats as a risk factor for effective political communication of local governments
Authors:   Saratov State University, Kupin Roman A.
Published: September 2024

The article outlines the features of political communication of local governments in the context of new information challenges and threats. The role of municipal administrations in the formation of the information field is determined by the example of the Saratov region. The tasks facing the heads of local administrations in the process of information and communication support of their professional activities in social networks are analyzed. The risk factors for information support of the activities of local governments in the modern information space are identified. The article also examines information threats related to both internal processes and external factors of influence that local administrations of both large and small municipalities have to work with in the information space. The author also defines a number of criteria and recommendations that contribute to reducing information risks and threats, which significantly improve the effectiveness of political communication of local governments.
Comparison of the effectiveness of modafinil and methylphenidate in treatment of excessive daytime sleepiness in patients with Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Chitsaz Ahmad , Najafi Mohammad Reza , Habibi Farzaneh , Amirhajloo Sajad
Published: September 2024

Background: A large percentage of patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) suffer from excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS). This study aims to compare the effectiveness of modafinil and methylphenidate on EDS and side effects.
Methods: Fifty nine patients with PD and EDS [Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) more than 9] were recruited in a double-blind placebo controlled trial. Twenty-two patients received modafinil 200 mg daily, twenty-six patients received methylphenidate 10 mg daily, and 11 patients received placebo for 6 weeks. Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and ESS were filled out at baseline and 6 weeks later.
Results: There was no significant difference in demographics, PSQI, and ESS variables at baseline. The mean of ESS scores decreased significantly in modafinil (17.36 ± 5.05 vs. 10.55 ± 4.62, P < 0.001) and methylphenidate (16.27 ± 5.40 vs. 12.23 ± 6.28, P < 0.001) groups after 6-week trial, compared with control group (14.27 ± 4.49 vs. 14.09 ± 4.46, P = 0.710). The effectiveness of modafinil and methylphenidate on improving daytime sleepiness and night sleep of patients was not significantly different.
Conclusion: Both modafinil and methylphenidate were effective drugs in improving EDS and quality of sleep without significant difference in efficiency and side effects.
Exposure routes of microplastics (MPs) to humans and possible risks of MPs to human health from food and the environment: a short review
Authors: Kibria Golam
Published: September 2024

This review aims to document the exposure routes of microplastics (MPs) to humans from food and the environment and assess the possible effects of MPs and associated chemical pollutants on human health. MPs are small plastic particles that are less than five millimeters (<5 mm) in size. Humans can be exposed to MPs by ingesting contaminated water and food or inhaling contaminated air. MPs have been detected in human lungs, blood, placenta, and faeces. MPs may cause various effects on human health, including DNA damage, cellular damage, inflammation, oxidative stress, cancer, fetal growth, and inflammatory bowel disease. Both plastic additive chemicals and pollutants adsorbed onto MPs are harmful to humans. They are persistent (persists long in the environment), toxic (poisonous), and bioaccumulative (accumulate in tissues of food and human organs). These chemicals are also endocrine-disrupting (can alter functions of the endocrine system) and carcinogenic (can cause cancer). Exposure to these chemicals (additives and adsorbents) can have long-term effects on human health.
Valorisation and sensory evaluation of natural colorants for a sustainable food supply
Authors: Jridi Rania , Mendili Mohamed , Khadhri Ayda , Beji Raja Serairi
Published: September 2024

The study explored the potential of several typical Tunisian food plants as sources of natural colorings, focusing on sustainability and ecology. Five common fruits and vegetables were studied: spinach, beetroot, red cabbage, carrot, and turmeric. Their deep pigments, affected by pH, were examined. Red cabbage was found to be the richest in condensed tannins, while turmeric contained the highest levels of anthocyanins. These natural colorings were then incorporated into the formulation of two bakery products, one sweet and the other savory, to give an attractive appearance and stimulate the appetite, as the food industry commonly does with synthetic colorings. Additionally, orange and lemon peels were upcycled by extracting essential oils for analysis. The primary findings indicate that these essential oils are complicated blends of many substances, with monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes being the most prevalent. The last part of this project required using gluten-free flour to make two food products (zouza and ravioli dough), substituting fructose for sucrose, and adding other colorings that had been produced and tested. We also improved the flavor by adding essential oils. Sensory research with sixty unsuspecting panelists revealed that our items were well-liked by all. The result of a very successful initiative is the packaging for these goods and the market research that went into it.
Assessment of microbial quality of some industrially packed food seasoning obtained from different retail outlets in Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria
Authors: Kuforiji Olubukola O. , Adam Umar Isah , Adetoyinbo Ifeoma Irene
Published: September 2024

Qualities of curry, thyme and pepper commonly marketed in Nigeria were investigated. The total bacterial and fungal counts, types of microorganisms present and the physico-chemical qualities were also determined. These spices had a pH range from 5.92 to 6.44, with a moisture content of 6.08% to 36.32%. The bacterial load was within the range of 13.0 × 103 to 43.8 × 103 cfu/g with a lower fungal count of 6.5 × 103 to 35.2×103 cfu/g. Five bacterial and six fungal species namely Aeromonas, Staphylococcus, Pseudomonas, Streptococcus and Bacillus;as well as Mucor, Aspergillus flavus, Penicillum, Candida, Aspergillus and Rhodotorula, respectively, were isolated. The implication of these findings on the health of the populace was discussed from a microbiological viewpoint. The presence of these microbes in the spices may pose a serious threat which is of significance in public health.
Simulation, technical-economic evaluation and risk analysis of the purification of different bio-oils obtained by the fast pyrolysis process
Authors: Arêdes Stéphani Caroline de Lana , Lunelli Betânia Hoss , Rodrigues Fábio de Ávila
Published: September 2024

Biomass is a natural compound that originates from various forms of organic matter. One way to transform biomass into value-added products is through the fast pyrolysis process, which is a thermochemical process that produces solid, liquid and gaseous compounds. The main product of this process is the bio-oil, found in the liquid phase and containing a wide range of value-added compounds that can be obtained through extraction and distillation. Simulation is an important tool for predicting, modeling and understanding the feasibility of the desired process, along with economic analysis of risks and uncertainties, which are useful techniques for studying the feasibility of projects. In this context, this work aimed to carry out the simulation using the Aspen Plus ® process simulator, the analysis of economic viability and the analysis of risks and uncertainties of the process of separation and purification of bio-oil compounds, derivatives of wood from eucalyptus, eucalyptus residues and sugarcane bagasse. After completing these steps, the project achieved a good result, with desired products being obtained with a considerable degree of purity for commercialization. Economically, all processes were viable, obtaining a good return on investment and a short payback period, despite the high costs involved. Even considering risks and uncertainties, including the variation in the cost of raw materials and production capacity, the investment still returned good results, demonstrating that the project is economically viable even under these circumstances.
Myth and Order: From a Symbol to a Norm
Authors:   ad, Department of History of State and Law of the Kutafin Moscow State Law University (MSAL), Isaev Igor A.
Published: September 2024

The path “from myth to logos” can be interpreted in the well-known political and legal classical science as the path from “a symbol to a norm”. Symbolic images inspired by myths and political consciousness are formed and shaped in this situation. Where mythological ideas are born by the organic life of the space-related society, regulatory imperatives are established forcibly. With the appearance of the government, it is vested with this task.
The Legal Status of the Order of St. Equal-to-the-Apostles Prince Vladimir in the Russian Empire
Authors:   Postgraduate Student of the Department of Theory and History of State and Law, Belkin Ilarion A.
Published: September 2024

The article examines the formation and development of the legal status of the Order of St. Vladimir in the Russian Empire. In addition, attention is paid to the problems of the history of the Russian award system.
International Legal Regulation of Marine Environmental Protection (Historical Aspect)
Authors:   Associate Professor of the Department of Theory and History of State and Law of the Institute of Maritime Transport Management, Economics and Law of the Admiral Ushakov Maritime State University, PhD, Lantseva Veronika Yu.
Published: September 2024

The article analyzes the evolution of the adoption of international treaties in the field of marine environment protection. The environmental provisions of key international treaties and regional legal acts are analyzed. The special role of regional agreements on the protection of the marine environment is revealed.
The Russian National Idea as a Global Project
Authors:   Chief Research Scientist of the Department of Philosophy of Law, Lapaeva Valentina V.
Published: September 2024

The problem of the search for the national idea able to unite the Russian society at yet another historic crucial point in the development of the country becomes relevant once more in the modern conditions. The article justifies the position that such idea should not be searched for in the depths of the national psychology rooted in the past. The task of the national idea is to outline the vector of movement towards a more perfect social structure of the future that would be of meaning for the entire civilization and to maintain the link to these roots.
The Mission of Education (on Activities of Free Libraries of the Perm Governorate at the Turn of the 20th Century)
Authors:   Head of the Department of Civil and Legal Disciplines of the Perm Institute of the FPS of Russia, Bryleva Elena A. , Vaseva Irina S. ,   Senior Lecturer of the Department of Civil and Legal Disciplines of the Perm Institute of the FPS of Russia
Published: September 2024

Based on the report on the activities of free public libraries in the Perm province, the article examines the activities of public libraries that existed in Russia in the late XIX — early XX centuries. The growth in the number of people’s libraries did not lead to a noticeable increase in their activity indicators. It is concluded that the initiatives of zemstvo figures in the regions contributed to the opening of many zemstvo libraries. This era is characterized by the rise of the social movement in the field of librarianship. The main driving force was the zemstvos and city dumas, which took on the burden of maintaining public and public libraries opened in Russia and in the Perm province, which functioned with the aim of educating urban and rural residents.
Conceptual Development of the Notion of a Law as the Fundamental Source of the Soviet Law in the 1920s to the 1930s
Authors:   Head of the Department of Theory and History of State and Law of the Moscow University for the Humanities, Maksimova Olga D.
Published: September 2024

The author of the article analyzes the evolution of understanding of law in the USSR relying on the main concept interpreters (P.I. Stučka, M.A. Reisner, E.E. Pontovich et al.) and the works by prosecutor A.Ya. Vyshinsky who had the key impact on the establishment of the law concept in the Soviet legislation.
History and Legal Regulation of Labor Mobilizations in the First Years of the Soviet Government (Based on the Materials of the Lower Volga Region)
Authors:   hief Research Scientist of the Department of Studies of Historical Problems of the Research Center, Epifanov Aleksandr E.
Published: September 2024

The article describes organizational and legal fundamentals of performance of labor mobilizations in the Lower Volga region from historical and legal standpoints. Based on archive materials introduced into scholarly discourse for the first time, the author talks about the system of authorities that enforced labor duties of various categories both at the center and locally.
Compensation of Moral Damage: New Approaches in the Judicial Practice
Authors:   Professor of the Department of Competition Law of the Kutafin Moscow State Law University (MSAL), Egorova Maria A. , Karkhalev Denis N. ,   Professor of the Department of Civil Law of the Siberian Federal University, LL.D., Chelysheva Natalia Yu. ,   Head of the Department of Civil Law and Procedure of the Ural Institute of Management (Branch), Komissarov Georgy A. ,   LL.M., Graduate of the Kutafin Moscow State Law University (MSAL)
Published: September 2024

The article соnsideres the actual problems of defense of civil rights and responsibility realization defense function of civil law in relations of compensation moral torts.
Maintenance and Adaptation of an Agreement in Changed Circumstances: Integration of the Hardship Doctrine in the Civil Law of the Russian Federation
Authors:   Advisor to a Deputy Presiding Judge of the Commercial Court of Moscow, Alaeva Anastasia S. ,   Postgraduate Student of the Russian State University of Justice
Published: September 2024

The article is devoted to the study of the necessity and possibility of integration of the international legal doctrine of hardship into the Russian civil law. The legal mechanisms provided by the civil legislation of the Russian Federation for overcoming the negative consequences of unforeseen external circumstances are considered. Advantages of preservation and adaptation of the contract at occurrence of such circumstances are proved. The characteristic of the international legal doctrine of difficulties in performance of the contract (hardship) is given. The ways of drawing up and standard forms of a hardship clause, proposed by the International Chamber of Commerce, designed to establish the possibility of flexible adaptation of the contract to the changed conditions, have been investigated. A comparative analysis of the doctrine of hardship and the institutions of a significant change of circumstances, force majeure. The conclusion on the expediency of integration of the doctrine of hardship in the civil law of the Russian Federation is drawn and appropriate amendments to the legislation are proposed.
On Estate Bankruptcy
Authors:   Assistant Notary of the Saint Petersburg Notarial District, Rabina Sofya D.
Published: September 2024

The norms of the bankruptcy legislation in terms of initiating a bankruptcy case of a citizen after his death or after declaring him deceased are analyzed. It is proposed to extend these rules to cases of recognition of the debtor as missing, as well as to use the term “bankruptcy of the hereditary mass” instead of “bankruptcy of a deceased citizen”. Proceedings in this category of cases should be initiated taking into account the general statute of limitations, during which creditors, the authorized body or heirs have the right to file for bankruptcy of the estate.
Demographic Security and Its Legal Regulation
Authors:   Head of the Department of Medical Law of the Kutafin Moscow State Law University (MSAL), LL.D., Professor, Mokhov Aleksandr A.
Published: September 2024

The article explores the phenomenon of demographic security as a new definition for legal scholars. The few regulatory legal acts and other documents directly or indirectly affecting the issues of ensuring demographic security are considered. Based on the analysis of national and foreign acts, the conclusion is formulated about the need to form a legal framework that contributes to ensuring the demographic security of the Russian Federation.
A Comparative Analysis of Compensation for Violation of Exclusive Rights and Compensation for Violation of a Shareholder Agreement
Authors:   Managing Partner of the Semenov&Pevzner Firm, Lukyanov Roman L.
Published: September 2024

The article presents a comparative analysis of two measures of civil liability: compensation for exclusive rights infringement and compensation for violation of a shareholder agreement. The general and distinctive features of two types of compensation are revealed, their functionsscope, prerequisites for the emergence are defined.
Desempenho térmico de placas de cimento álcali-ativado fabricadas a partir de resíduos de porcelanato
Authors: Diniz Oliveira Raquel , Pires e Silva Cláudio Henrique , Ribeiro Borges Paulo Henrique , Fiorotti Peixoto Ricardo André
Published: September 2024

Cimentos álcali-ativados podem otimizar as propriedades termofísicas do concreto. Neste contexto, o presente estudo objetivou analisar o desempenho térmico de placas de cimento álcali-ativado (PCAAs), produzidas a partir de resíduos de porcelanato. A caracterização das propriedades termofísicas das placas foi realizada por meio de ensaios. Posteriormente, realizou-se simulação termoenergética de habitação naturalmente ventilada em Light Steel Framing, em oito climas diferentes. Os resultados das PCAAs foram comparados estatisticamente com placas de cimento Portland (PCPs). No geral as PCAAs apresentaram menores valores de densidade e absortância a radiação solar, entretanto as PCPs apresentaram valores menores de condutividade térmica e capacidade de calor específico. Nos climas mais frios as PCPs propiciaram maior número de horas em conforto térmico, alcançando, porém, menos de 45% das horas do período analisado. Para os demais climas, as PCAAs obtiveram os melhores resultados. Nos climas mais quentes, a pintura das placas na cor branca aumentou em até 7 e 9% o percentual de horas confortáveis propiciados pela PCAA e PCP, respectivamente. A análise estatística das horas em conforto obtidas confirmou os resultados da simulação uma vez que as diferenças entre as horas em conforto obtidas pelas placas em cada clima foram significativas (ANOVA e teste de Kruskal Wallis). Tais análises confirmaram também que os diferentes processos de cura da PCAAs podem ter influenciado na quantidade de horas de conforto propiciadas por cada tipo de placa. A produção de novos materiais de fechamento pode, portanto, se viabilizar como uma alternativa construtiva em algumas condições climáticas.
Composition and Pharmacological Benefits of Banana Blossom: A Brief Review
Authors: Kukreja Nidhi , Sharma Parul
Published: September 2024

One of the earliest crops cultivated in emerging nations like India is the banana. Their nutritional and pharmacological profiles are good. Every part of the banana plant has a different medical purpose. The banana plant is regarded as a gift from nature to humanity because of its many nutritional, medicinal, pharmacological and physiological advantages. It is the antioxidant powerhouse that includes phytonutrients, phenolics and polyphenols. The minerals potassium, iron, zinc, phosphorus and the vitamins C, B2, B6, B5, E and A are abundant in banana flowers. Bananas and its components also include significant concentrations of phytochemicals such as quercetin, lectin, alkaloids, dopamine, flavonoids and tannins. Because of its many uses and potential, bananas and their by-products- leaves, fibers, peels and fruits are used in both the food and non-food industries to make a variety of goods, including ice cream, chocolates, pickles, jam, jellies, candies, pasta, breads, ropes, clothes and mats. In most parts of the world, it is still one of the underappreciated meals while having such effective qualities. Thus, the focus of this paper is on the value of bananas and the ability of banana blossoms to improve people's health in a variety of ways. It also emphasizes the necessity to raise public knowledge of bananas because they are beneficial in a number of ways.
Cave Bats as Carriers of Extended Spectrum Beta-lactamase Produced by Escherichia coli from the Island of Lombok, Indonesia
Authors: Agustin Alfiana Laili Dwi , Effendi Mustofa Helmi , Tyasningsih Wiwiek , Khairullah Aswin Rafif , Tirtasari Kunti , Moses Ikechukwu Benjamin , Ayuti Siti Rani
Published: September 2024

Background: Escherichia coli is a Gram-negative commensal bacterium that normally resides in the digestive tract of humans and animals which is used as an indicator of the extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) gene in an individual and can carry out gene transfer. Transmission of ESBL E. coli from wild animals has not been given much attention even though wild animals can act as vectors that spread ESBL in the environment so that it can pose a risk to public health. This research aims to identify the blaTEM gene which codes for ESBL in E. coli from bats that live in caves in Lombok, Indonesia. Methods: A total of 135 samples from bat rectal swabs were cultured on Eosin Methylene Blue Agar media and biochemical suspects were identified using the Indole, Methyl red, Voges-Proskauer, Citrate + and H2S (IMVIC) test. The E. coli bacteria obtained were tested for sensitivity using 7 classes of antibiotics, namely amoxicillin, ciprofloxacine, sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim, tetracycline, gentamicin, cefotaxime and azithromycin. Bacteria that show multidrug resistance are subjected to PCR testing to detect the blaTEM gene. Result: Of the 135 test samples, it was found that 97 (71.85%) samples were positive for E. coli, 12 (12.37%) samples were Multidrug Resistance (MDR) and 2 (2.06%) samples had the blaTEM gene as the ESBL coding gene in bats that live in caves on the island of Lombok, Indonesia. The presence of the blaTEM gene in E. coli from bats can be indicated as a reservoir for MDR and ESBL transmission so that it can have an impact on public health.
Physiological Characterization of Banana Germplasm of North East India for Tolerance against Moisture Deficit
Authors: Saikia Amarjit , Kalita Prakash , Pegu Lolesh , Brahma Sanchita
Published: September 2024

Background: Water deficit stress is a serious environmental constrain to banana productivity in north east (NE) India. A field experiment was conducted to appraise the performance of 29 banana germplasm of NE India under moisture deficit condition of Assam that naturally prevails due to deficit rainfall every year during November to January. Methods: Randomized block design with five replications was the experimental design used. Irrigation was not applied during the crop growing season. Various physio-chemical parameters were measured in the main crop on 7th and 9th months after planting (MAP) that coincided with November and January. Result: Significant variations were observed in leaf relative water content, leaf area plant-1, leaf area index, total chlorophyll content, leaf proline content, lipid peroxidation, hands bunch-1 and bunch weight amongst germplasm studied. During moisture deficit period, germplasm Barjahaji, Bhimkal, Athiya and Bogimonahar could maintained better values in the physio-chemical traits studied except lipid peroxidation. The germplasm that showed superior values in the physio-chemical traits and lower value for lipid peroxidation registered the higher bunch weight. Significant positive correlation of bunch weight with leaf area (0.42 and 0.45 respectively for 7th and 9th MAP) and relative leaf water content (0.38 respectively for both 7th and 9th MAP) and significant negative correlation with lipid peroxidation (-0.45 and -0.49 respectively for 7th and 9th MAP) were observed at 5 per cent level of significant. Significant strong positive correlation between leaf chlorophyll content and proline content in leaf (0.85) was observed at 9th MAP. Germplasm Barjahaji, Bhimkal, Bogimanohar and Athiya are considered physiologically more tolerant to moisture deficit which can be used for future breeding programs and the physio-chemical parameters viz., leaf area, chlorophyll content, relative leaf water content and proline content can be considered as physiological indices for drought tolerance.
Preliminary analysis of socioeconomic variable correlation with geospatial modeling in Costa Rica dengue epidemics
Authors: Soto-Rojas Cristina , Garita Cesar , Abdalah Mariela , Calvo Juan Gabriel , Sanchez Fabio , Meneses Esteban
Published: September 2024

Dengue is a mosquito-transmitted disease that affects more than 5 million people worldwide. It is endemic in more than 100 countries and it has presence in 5 continents. Understanding the dynamics of dengue epidemics is crucial in reducing the massive public health impact this disease has. However, dengue is a complex phenomenon. There are many variables that contribute to the spread of the virus and the interconnection of those variables is not clear. We set out to explore the correlation of socioeconomic variables in dengue epidemics by using a geospatial model. Our study is centered in Costa Rica, a country with a repeated affectation by the virus. We found a possible relationship between number of dengue cases and some socioeconomic variables (dwellings with water pipes, location of work), which open the gates to consider including them in a more sophisticated epidemiological model.
Tantangan dan Peluang Penerapan Teknologi dalam Supervisi Pendidikan di Era Digital
Authors: Rosyida Fatia Ainur , Ramadhan Narendra Jumadil Haikal , Arfan Ode Rahman , Muin Mohammad Lutfi Alil
Published: September 2024

Penerapan teknologi dalam supervisi pendidikan di era digital seperti sekarang ini masih dalam kondisi yang memprihatinkan. Kesenjangan infrastruktur menunjukkan bahwa perkembangan teknologi tidak selaras dengan kesiapan lembaga pendidikan dalam memberikan fasilitas teknologi yang memadai.  Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengkaji penggunaan teknologi dalam supervisi pendidikan dan dampaknya pada pengembangan profesional guru. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian library research (studi perpustakaan). Data dikumpulkan dengan mengacu sumber referensi yang relevan. Hasil penelitian menyatakan bahwa tantangan penerapan teknologi dalam supervisi pendidikan di era digital meliputi kesenjangan teknologi dan akses internet, perubahan yang cepat dalam teknologi, pemilihan teknologi yang tepat dan perlunya keterampilan pengajaran yang baru. Sedangkan peluangnya terdiri dari beberapa macam, yakni aksesibilitas yang lebih mudah, supervisi pendidikan menjadi lebih responsif terhadap kebutuhan individu guru, kesiapan dalam hal pendidikan berbasis kompetensi, pemahaman, dan pemanfaatan Internet pada dunia pendidikan.
Pengembangan Bahan Ajar Tema Kerukunan dalam Bermasyarakat Berbasis Al-Qur'an Kelas 5 MI Munir Ismail Gondanglegi Malang
Authors: Azizi Alfan Nur
Published: September 2024

The existence of teaching materials that equipped with religious reinforcement such as the verses of Al-Qur'an, is an important thing for Madrasah Ibtidaiyah as an Islamic educational institution. In addition, there are some problems that threaten the existence of Bhineka Tunggal Ika, it shows that the value of harmony of Indonesian society goes down. The development of teaching materials on the theme of Harmony in Community Based on Al-Qur'an is one of the efforts to solve the problems. This research was conducted with quantitative approach with Research and Development type. It aims to produce a product in the form of teaching materials on the theme of Harmony in Community. In its implementation, this research refers to the development model that is developed by Sugiyono, and data collecting technique is a questionnaire on two validators and experiments. The result of this research is the creation of a teaching materials product feasible and effective. This is evidenced by (1) assessment of material feasibility test on material expert validator, obtained by percentage of 78.3% with good qualification, (2) assessment of feasibility test at design expert, obtained by percentage of 84,4% in good qualification, and (3) ) while the effectiveness of the development of teaching materials, based on the results of field trials showed that the difference in the average gain of the experimental group is 10.3 and the average gain of the control group is 5.89, then the result is analyzed by F-test for determining the homogeneity, and the homogeneity of both groups is obtained. Furthermore, T-test is done to determine the significance of difference of average gain of both groups. The result of T-test can be concluded that the teaching materials on the theme of Harmony in Community Based on Al-Qur'an is declared effective, so it can improve the student learning outcomes.
Perceptions of Violent Crime Among a Sample of Bronx College Students: Results From Focus Groups
Authors: Roldós María Isabel
Published: September 2024

Purpose:This study sought to understand how a convenient sample of college students between the ages of 20 and 35 years of age in the Bronx perceive and experience violent crime (VC). The focus of the study is on perceptions of risk and an exploration of crime prevention strategies.

Methods:This project conducted two online focus groups with a sample of 24 young adults residing in the Bronx, NY, enrolled at the higher education institution in Spring 2021 and Fall 2022. The main research questions are the following: (a) How do young adults in the Bronx perceive and better understand VC risk? (b) What are the young people’s proposals or ideas to develop prevention strategies to address VC in the Bronx? The focus groups were held online using Zoom and Mentimeter.

Results:Study participants expressed concerns about feeling unheard and feeling of a constant threat to their safety. They expressed a lack of trust for the existing political and social programs and did not express strong community ties and community engagement. This research suggests a promise of using spatial research to engage young adults in the Bronx in VC prevention and advocacy programs.

Conclusions:Overall, this study found an active voice in young adults when discussing VC. Participants expressed a need for community dialogue and action to address the increasing trend of VC in the Bronx.
The Impact of Paternal Closeness and Familial Incarceration on the Self-Esteem of Black Adolescents
Authors: Chappelle Noelle , Tadros Eman
Published: September 2024

Background:Racially minoritized individuals make up the majority of the incarcerated population. The incarceration of a family member has lasting effects on family dynamics, particularly impacting the lives of adolescents. There is a need to understand how these experiences affect adolescent self-esteem and the role of family boundaries.

Objective:To examine the impact of familial incarceration on adolescent self-reported self-esteem and the moderating role of boundaries between adolescents and their fathers, using structural family therapy as a guiding framework.

Methods:The study utilized data from the 2016 wave of the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth-Children and Young Adults (NLSY-CYA), with a sample size of 341 adolescents. Simple linear and hierarchical regressions were conducted to assess the relationships between familial incarceration, perceived parental closeness, and adolescent self-esteem.

Findings:Regression analysis revealed that having an incarcerated family member and lower perceived parental closeness were significantly associated with reduced self-esteem in adolescents. Additionally, closeness to fathers did not act as a protective factor in mitigating the negative impact of familial incarceration on adolescent self-esteem.

Conclusions:The findings indicate that while familial incarceration and perceived parental closeness negatively impact adolescent self-esteem, closeness to fathers does not serve as a buffer. These results suggest that practitioners should explore alternative protective factors to support adolescents' self-esteem following familial incarceration.
The relationship of gros anomalies of the umbilical cord and placental pathologies
Authors: Bala Mesut , Aydın Mustafa Fırat , Bademkıran Cihan , Gül Erdoğan , Yılmaz Hüseyin
Published: September 2024

Objective: Previous studies have shown that umbilical cord morphology and its components affect the pregnancy process, mode of delivery, and outcome. Within the scope of this research, we aimed to elucidate and compare placental histological features and perinatal outcomes in all deliveries with or without umbilical cord anomaly.
Materials & Methods: A total of 1105 females who had a delivery in our institution have been enrolled in this prospective study. Regarding patient groups, 270 cases were in the study group, and 835 cases in the control group. All patients' demographic data, prenatal information, intrapartum information, postpartum information, postpartum period, and newborn follow-up were recorded. After delivery, umbilical cord abnormalities and placenta macroscopic and microscopy results were monitored prospectively.
Results: No placental pathology was detected in the control group, but statistical significance was achieved in the study group, including fetal vascular thrombosis and ectasia pathology and fetal vasculopathy or avascular villi pathology. There was no difference between the study and control groups regarding preeclampsia, ablatio placenta, and intrauterine maternal loss. Intrauterine growth retardation was detected at a higher rate in the study group, and the difference was significant. It was found that the follow-up of the babies of the cases in the neonatal intensive care unit study group was more complicated and required longer treatment.
Conclusion: Gros cord anomalies, fetal vascular ectasia and thrombosis, and fetal thrombotic vasculopathy lead to pathologies associated with placental insufficiency, suggesting that it is an independent risk factor for intrauterine growth retardation.
The Incidence of malignancy in nodular goiter in endemic and non-endemic regions.
Authors: Hummatov Azer , Memmedova Esmira , Abbasov Abbas , Bayramov Nuru
Published: September 2024

Aim: The purpose of this study is to look into the prevalence of thyroid cancer in Azerbaijan's endemic and non-endemic regions, as well as the effect of unmanaged iodine prophylaxis on the development of thyroid cancer.
Material and methods: The study includes 352 patients who were treated operatively for nodular goiter between 2015 and 2022. Patients were separated into two groups based on endemic (n=126) and non-endemic (n=226) regions, as well as two subgroups based on the number of nodules in the thyroid: single nodule (169) and multinodule (183). Thyroid cancer was discovered in 20 patients (15.9%) in the endemic zone (p=0259). Malignancy was found in 11 (8.7%) of single-nodular goiter (SNG) patients and 9 (7.1%) of multi-nodular goiter (MNG) patients (p=0,259): 19 (15.1%) had the classic variation of papillary cancer and 1 (0.8%) had the follicular variant of papillary cancer. Cancer was discovered in 47 cases (20.8%) (p=0.259) in non-endemic regions: malignancy was detected in 23 (10.2%) cases of MNG patients and in -24 (10.6%) of SNG patients. In non-endemic areas, 2 patients (0.7%) had follicular cancer, 36 (15.9%) had the classic type of papillary cancer, 7 (3.1%) had microcarcinoma, and 2 (0.9%) had medullary cancer (p=0,220).
Results: Although there was a decrease in the frequency of incidence of goiter disease in general in endemic regions due to the prohibition of iodized table salt, an increase in the frequency of occurrence of MNG (56.4%) was noted. Thyroid malignancy have been identified in 15.9% of endemic nodular goiter patients and 20.8% of non-endemic nodular goiter patients. The significant percentage increase in papillary carcinoma in our region study was consistent with the literature.
Conclusions: According to data collected in endemic areas, the use of unregulated iodine prophylaxis resulted in a decrease in the prevalence of follicular carcinoma while increasing the frequency of papillary carcinoma. The prevention of iodized table salt under the conditions of sanitary-epidemiological follow-up under the control according to the endemic characteristics of the regions can lead to a decrease in the risk of follicular cancer
Evaluation of Tetanus Cases Presenting to the Emergency Department at a Tertiary hospital in Somalia
Authors: Yakar Şule , Sheıkh Omar Nasteho Mohamed , İpekten Funda
Published: September 2024

Aim: Tetanus is an infection characterized by muscle spasms and trismus caused by toxins produced by Clostridium tetani. Although tetanus is a vaccine-preventable disease, it continues to be a public health problem in developing countries with high mortality rates.
This study was conducted to evaluate the clinical profile and outcome of tetanus patients and determine the factors affecting the hospitalization unit, the length of hospital stay, and mortality.
Materials and Methods: This is a retrospective cross-sectional study conducted with patients diagnosed with tetanus in a Tertiary care emergency department (ED) in Somalia. The relationship of demographic data, symptoms, laboratory findings, applied treatment methods with the hospitalization unit (regular inpatient floor/intensive care unit), length of hospital stay, and mortality were analyzed.
Results: Sixty-seven patients diagnosed with tetanus during a 4-year study period were included. The mean patient age was 12,8±14,89 years, and 73,1% were males. Generalized muscle spasm (85,7%) was the most common symptom, benzodiazepines (95,5%.) were the most commonly used medications, and the mean length of hospital stay was 10.73±8.15 days. The rate of patients hospitalized in the ICU was 20,9%. The overall mortality rate was calculated as 19,5%. The presence of opisthotonos, neck stiffness, risus sardonicus, generalized muscle spasm, and dyspnea significantly correlated with mortality (p