bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CryoGrid-PIXUL-RNA: High throughput RNA isolation platform for tissue transcript analysis
Authors: Schactler Scott , Scheuerman Stephen , Lius Andrea , Altemeier William , An Dowon , Matula Thomas , Mikula Michal , Kulecka Maria , Denisenko Oleg , Mar Daniel , Bomsztyk Karol
Published: August 2022

Background: Disease molecular complexity requires high throughput workflows to map disease pathways through analysis of vast tissue repositories. Great progress has been made in tissue multiomics analytical technologies. To match the high throughput of these advanced analytical platforms, we have previously developed a multipurpose 96-well microplate sonicator, PIXUL, that can be used in multiple workflows to extract analytes from cultured cells and tissue fragments for various downstream molecular assays. And yet, the sample preparation devices, such as PIXUL, along with the downstream multiomics analytical capabilities have not been fully exploited to interrogate tissues because storing and sampling of such biospecimens remain, in comparison, inefficient. Results: To mitigate this tissue interrogation bottleneck, we have developed a low-cost user-friendly system, CryoGrid, to catalog, cryostore and sample tissue fragments. TRIzol is widely used to isolate RNA but it is labor-intensive, hazardous, requires fume-hoods, and is an expensive reagent. Columns are also commonly used to extract RNA but they involve many steps, are prone to human errors, and are also expensive. Both TRIzol and column protocols use test tubes. We developed a microplate PIXUL-based TRIzol-free and column-free RNA isolation protocol that uses a buffer containing proteinase K (PK buffer). We have integrated the CryoGrid system with PIXUL-based PK buffer, TRIzol, and PureLink column methods to isolate RNA for gene-specific qPCR and genome-wide transcript analyses. CryoGrid-PIXUL, when integrated with either PK buffer, TRIzol or PureLink column RNA isolation protocols, yielded similar transcript profiles in frozen organs (brain, heart, kidney and liver) from a mouse model of sepsis. Conclusions: RNA isolation using the CryoGrid-PIXUL system combined with the 96-well microplate PK buffer method offers an inexpensive user-friendly high throughput workflow to study transcriptional responses in tissues in health and disease as well as in therapeutic interventions. Keywords: CryoGrid for tissues cryostoring and sampling, proteinase K, PIXUL RNA extraction, RNA sequencing, transcriptomics
Nitrogen fixation by beans in crop mixtures is influenced by functional traits of associated species
Authors: Singh Akanksha , Schöb Christian , Iannetta Pietro
Published: August 2022

Purpose
Legumes can fix atmospheric nitrogen and facilitate nitrogen availability to their companion plants in crop mixtures. However, biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) of legumes in intercrops varies largely with the identity of the legume species. The aim of our study was to understand whether BNF and concentration of essential plant nutrients by common bean is influenced by the functional traits of the companion plant species in crop mixtures.
Methods
In this greenhouse pot study, common beans were cultivated with another legume (chickpea) and a cereal (Sorghum). We compared BNF, crop biomass and nutrient assimilation of all plant species grown in monocultures with plants grown in crop mixtures.
Results
We found beans to exhibit low levels of BNF, and to potentially compete with other species for available nitrogen in crop mixtures. The BNF of chickpeas however, was enhanced when grown in mixtures. Furthermore, biomass, phosphorous and potassium values of chickpea and Sorghum plants were higher in monocultures, compared to in mixtures with beans; suggesting competitive effects of beans on these plants. Concentration of calcium, magnesium and zinc in beans was higher when grown with chickpeas than with Sorghum.
Conclusion
It is generally assumed that legumes benefit their companion plant species. Our study highlights the contrary and shows that the specific benefits of cereal-legume mixtures are dependent on the functional biology of the species concerned. We further highlight that the potential of legume-legume mixtures is currently undervalued and may play a strong role in increasing nitrogen use efficiency of intercrop-based crop systems.
PRMT5 and CDK4/6 inhibition result in distinctive patterns of alternative splicing in melanoma
Authors: Chan Lok Hang , Wang Peihan , Abuhammad Shatha , Cursons Joseph , Sheppard Karen E , Goode David L
Published: August 2022

BackgroundDrugs targeting cyclin-dependent kinases 4 and 6 (CDK4/6) are promising new treatments for melanoma and other solid malignancies. In studies on CDK4/6 inhibitor resistance, protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5) regulation of alternative splicing was shown to be an important downstream component of the CDK4/6 pathway. However, the full effects of inhibition of CDK4/6 on splicing events in melanoma and the extent to which they are dependent on PRMT5 has not been established. MethodsWe performed full-length mRNA sequencing on CHL1 melanoma cell lines treated with the CDK4/6 inhibitor palbociclib and the PRMT5 inhibitor GSK3326595 and analysed data for differential gene expression and differential pre-mRNA splicing induced by these agents. ResultsChanges in gene expression and RNA splicing were more extensive under PRMT5 inhibition than under CDK4/6 inhibition. Although PRMT5 inhibition and CDK4/6 inhibition induced common RNA splicing events and gene expression profiles, the majority of events induced by CDK4/6 inhibition were distinct. ConclusionsThis indicates CDK4/6 has the ability to regulate alternative splicing in a manner that is distinct from PRMT5 inhibition, resulting in divergent changes in gene expression under each therapy. These results have important implications for developing treatment strategies that prevent emergence of resistance to CDK4/6 inhibition in melanoma.
Efficacy and safety of decompressive craniectomy in acute ischemic stroke patients treated with intravenous thrombolysis
Authors: Sadeghi-Hokmabadi Elyar , Mirzaei Farhad , Yazdchi Mohammad , Jalili Javad , Sadeghpour Yalda , Nemati-Anari Behzad , Farhoudi Mehdi , Roumiani Pouneh Hamian
Published: August 2022

INTRODUCTION: The optimal timing for decompressive hemicraniectomy (DHC) after intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) remains unclear. This study in patients with acute ischemic stroke treated with IVT aimed to assess the safety of DHC and patient outcome.METHODS: Data was extracted from the Tabriz stroke registry from June 2011 up to September 2020. In all, 881 patients were treated with IVT. Among these, 23 patient underwent DH. Six patients were excluded due to symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (parenchymal hematoma type 2 based on the SITS-MOST definition) after IVT; the remaining 17 patients were enrolled in the study. Functional outcome at three months was assessed by the modified Rankin Scale, where 0-3 was considered moderate disability and 4-6 was considered severe disability. Safety outcome was assessed by comparison of two scans just prior to and after craniectomy. Any new hemorrhage or worsening of previous hemorrhage was reported. Parenchymal hematoma type 2, based on ECASS II definition, was considered as major surgical complication. This study was approved by the local ethics committee of the Tabriz University of Medical Sciences (Ethics Code: IR.TBZMED.REC.1398.420). RESULTS: At the three-month mRS follow up, six patients (36%) had moderate and five (28%) had severe disability. The outcome of death was observed in six patients (36%). Nine of 15 patients (60%) underwent surgery in the first 48 hours after onset of symptoms. No patient over 60 years of age survived to the three-month follow up; 67% of those who were under 60 years and underwent DH in the first 48 hours had favorable outcome. Hemorrhagic complication was seen in 60% of patients but none was major.CONCLUSION: outcome of DHC after IVT was comparable to other patients who underwent DHC and did not receive IVT. Although the rate of all bleeding was higher, none was major and DHC was safe even in the first 48 hours after onset of symptoms.
Triple vs. Single Uterine Tourniquet to Reduce Hemorrhage at Myomectomy: A Randomized Trial
Authors: Gumusburun Neset , Al Ragip Atakan , Yapca Omer
Published: August 2022

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare triple uterine tourniquet to single tourniquet on intraoperative blood loss at open myomectomy.Methods: Women were randomized to undergo open myomectomy with triple (n=30) or single uterine tourniquet (n=30). All symptomatic women aged 18-48 who have a three or more myoma or at least one myoma greater than 8 cm if there is less than three myoma were eligible to study. The primary outcome variable of the study was amount of intraoperative blood loss. Sample size was set to detect a 240 ml difference in blood loss with 80% power at α=0.05 with an effect size of 0.8. The rate of transfusions, change in hemoglobin, volume in drains, operation time, tourniquet time and perioperative complications were secondary outcomes.Results: We found no significant difference in intraoperative blood loss between triple and single uterine tourniquet (527[102-2931]) ml vs. 508[172-2764] ml, p=0.238). Between single and triple tourniquet groups, the median weight of myoma (379[136-3850] vs.330[140-1636] g, p=.451) and median number of it (1[1-18] vs. 2(1-13), p=0.214), total operation time (84±31 min. vs. 79±27 min., p=0.503), ischemia time (35±21 min. vs. 30±14 min., p=0.238), drain volume at 48th hour (196±89)ml vs. 243±148 ml , p=0.144) and decrease in hemoglobin (2,3±1,8 g/dL vs. 2,8±1,4 g/dL, p=0.437) were similar. Eight (27%) patients in triple tourniquet group and 12 (40%) in single tourniquet group were transfused (p=0.273). One patient underwent hysterectomy 6-8 hours after myomectomy in single tourniquet group.Conclusion: There is no clinically significant difference between triple and single uterine tourniquets on intraoperative blood loss at open myomectomy.Clinical Trial Registration Number and date of registration: ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT02392585, 03/13/2015.
Effect of tool pin length on interfacial behaviors and mechanical properties of friction stir welded lap joints of 430/304 stainless steels
Authors: Guo Guolin , Shen Yifu , Ou Wenmin , Yu Xueyong , Cui Chenshuo , Xu Zhengya , Zhou Sheng , Chen Hongming
Published: August 2022

In this study, the effect of tool pin length on friction stir lap welding of 430 and 304 stainless steels has been investigated. The thermal history of interface was measured by thermocouple. The interfacial macro- and micro-structures under different tool pin lengths were analyzed via OM and SEM. Also, tensile shear tests were carried out to evaluate the strength of the lap joint. The results show that increasing the pin length from 0.5 to 1.3 mm increases the peak temperature of the interface, which has a significant effect on diffusion layer formation and hook geometry. The fracture mode of the joints shifts from shear fracture to tensile fracture with the increase of the pin insertion depth. When the pin length is 1.0 mm, i.e. a slight penetration into the 304 plate, the joint presents a maximum failure load of 2.86 kN. The findings reveal that the effective plate thickness (Teff) used to describe the hook geometry is an important factor determining the joint strength and fracture mode.
Chromosomal Positions of 5S and 45S rDNA in some Iranian Fritillaria (Liliaceae) species
Authors: Seifoori Neda , Mirzaghaderi Ghader , Hosseini Shahla
Published: August 2022

The present study investigated 5S and 45S rDNA sites in six Fritillaria species. All species were diploid with 2n = 2x = 24 chromosomes. One, three, or four B chromosomes (Bs) were detected in F. assyriaca ecotypes. Another two B- chromosomes were observed for F. zagrica. One to two pairs of 5S rDNA sites were observed in terminal or sub-terminal chromosomal regions. The number of 45S rDNA sites was one pair in F. raddeana, three in F. assyriaca, F. zagrica, and F. persica, four in F. avromanica, and eight in F. chlorantha. Most of the 45S rDNA sites were distal except for F. raddeana with a pair in interstitial and F. chlorantha with two pairs in sub-terminal locations. Chromosome and karyotype indices were identified, F. avromanica and F. chlorantha as the species with the most symmetrical and asymmetrical chromosomes, respectively. Cluster analysis of the karyotype similarity matrix showed that the number and distribution of the observed rDNA sites were not congruent with the taxonomy of species in the defined subgenus entirely. Particularly for F. chlorantha which belongs to the Fritillaria subg.
Using Hydrogeological Maps to Predict the Quantitative and Qualitative Characteristics of Groundwater Boreholes
Authors: ElDisogi Nagm Eldin Mubark Ahmed
Published: August 2022

Water is the essential resource in the earth from which all livings have been created. One of the most important water resources is groundwater. This study aimed to construct variable sorts of digital maps using quantitative and qualitative data of groundwater in Wad Medani City – Gezira State – Sudan. These maps together comprised the so called hydrogeological map from which the characteristics of groundwater in the studied area could be obtained. These characteristics are represented by four quantitative properties which are: static water level (SWL), dynamic water levels (DWL), discharge (Q) and pump setting depth (D) and three qualitative properties which are total dissolved solids (TDS), cations concentrations represented by Na+, Ca++, Mg+ and K+ and anions concentrations represented by Cl-, SO4- - and HCO3-, for all the drilled boreholes in the upper aquifer of Wad Medani City, Gezira Formation Aquifer. The kinds of hydrogeological maps constructed by using these data are contour, three dimensioned, colored and shaded maps. From these maps we can forecast the characteristics of boreholes before drilling and this will support the planning processes and decision making. The study recommends that, it is necessary to design and construct hydrogeological maps for all localities of Gezira State so as to have basic information about the groundwater of the whole region to support groundwater management as well as planning and decision making.
Designing a Predictive Model for Successful Aging among the Elderly Using Machine Learning Techniques
Authors: Ahmadi Maryam , Nopour Raoof , Nasiri Somayeh
Published: August 2022

Background: the aging phenomenon has an increasing trend worldwide which caused the emergence of the SA1 concept. It is believed that the SA prediction model can increase the QoL2 in the elderly by decreasing physical and mental problems and enhancing their social participation. Most previous studies noted that physical and mental disorders affected the QoL in the elderly but didn't pay much attention to the social factors in this respect. Our study aimed to build a prediction model for SA based on the physical, mental, and social factors by considering all factors affecting SA.Materials and methods: in this descriptive, applied, and retrospective study, the data of 975 related to SA and non-SA of the elderly were investigated. We used the Chi-square test at P<0.05 to determine the best factors affecting the SA. The AB3, J-48, RF4, ANN5, SVM6, BLR7, and NB8 algorithms were used for building the prediction models. To get the best model predicting the SA, we compared them using the sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, F-measure, and AUC. Results: The Chi-square test showed that 28 variables had a meaningful relationship with SA. The results of comparing the ML9 model's performance showed that the RF with sensitivity=0.91, specificity= 0.98, accuracy= 0.95, F-test=0.9, and AUC-test= 0.884 is the best model for predicting the SA. Conclusion: using prediction models can increase the QoL in the elderly and consequently reduce the economic cost for people and societies. The RF can be considered an optimal model for predicting SA in the elderly.
A new 68Ga-labeled ornithine for tumor ornithine metabolism PET imaging
Authors: Wang Hongliang , Qin Kaixin , Shi Dongmei , Wu Ping , Hao Xinzhong , Liu Haiyan , Gao Jie , Li Jianguo , Wu Zhifang , Li Sijin
Published: August 2022

Ornithine metabolism plays a vital role in tumorigenesis. For cancer cells, ornithine is mainly used as a substrate for ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) to produce amounts of polyamines. The ODC as a key enzyme of polyamine metabolism has become an important target for cancer diagnosis and treatment. To non-invasively detect the levels of ODC expression in malignant tumors, we have synthesized a novel 68Ga-labeled ornithine analog (68Ga-NOTA-Orn). The synthesis time of 68Ga-NOTA-Orn was about 30 min with a radiochemical yield of 45–50% (uncorrected), and the radiochemical purity was > 98%. 68Ga-NOTA-Orn was stable in saline and rat serum. Cellular uptake and competitive inhibition assays using DU145 and AR42J cells demonstrated that the transport pathway of 68Ga-NOTA-Orn was similar to that of L-ornithine, and it could interact with the ODC after transporting into the cell. Biodistribution and micro-positron emission tomography (Micro-PET) imaging studies showed that 68Ga-NOTA-Orn exhibited rapid tumor uptake and was rapidly excreted through the urinary system. All above results suggested that 68Ga-NOTA-Orn is a novel amino acid metabolic imaging agent with great potential of tumor diagnosis.
The protective effect and mechanism of ISO-1 in cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury
Authors: Ji Wanli , Ren Yaoxin , Ding Xiangxiang , Dong Yihan , Yuan Bin
Published: August 2022

Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is an immune mediator associated with inflammation, which is upregulated after ischemia in brain tissue. ISO-1 is a potent inhibitor of MIF tautomerase and can protect against neurons by reducing the permeability of blood brain barrier (BBB). In this study, we investigated the role of ISO-1 in ischemia / reperfusion injury in the brain by establishing a model of middle cerebral artery occlusion / reperfusion in rats. Rats were randomized into four groups: the sham operation group, the ISO-1group, the cerebral I/R group, and the ISO-1 + I/R group. We evaluated the degree of neurological deficit in each group and measured the volume of cerebral infarction. We detected the expression of MIF in the core necrotic area and penumbra. We detected the expression of apoptosis-related proteins, apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF), endonuclease G (EndoG) and cytochrome c oxidase-IV (COX-IV) in the ischemic penumbra region. The results showed that the expression of MIF in the ischemic penumbra area, while ISO-1 injection was able to alleviate nerve function defect and reduce infarction area. In cerebral ischemic penumbra region, ISO-1 could reduc the expression of Bax and Caspase3, and inhibit the displacement of AIF and EndoG to the nucleus simultaneously. Besides, ISO-1 also exhibited the ability to reduce apotosis. In summary, ISO-1 may inhibit neuronal apoptosis through the endogenous mitochondrial pathway and reduce the injury of brain I/R after ischemic stroke.
A novel, unique four-member protein family involved in extracellular fatty acid binding in Yarrowia lipolytica
Authors: Onésime Djamila , Vidal Léa , Thomas Stéphane , Henry Céline , Martin Véronique , André Gwenaëlle , Kubiak Piotr , Minard Philippe , Celinska Ewelina , Nicaud Jean-Marc
Published: August 2022

Background: Yarrowia lipolytica, a non-conventional oleaginous yeast species, has attracted attention due to its high lipid degradation and accumulation capacity. Y lipolytica is used as a chassis for the production of usual and unusual lipids and lipids derivatives. While genes involved in the intracellular transport and activation of fatty acids in the different cellular compartments have been characterized, no genes involved in fatty acid transport from the extracellular medium into the cell have been identified so far. In this study, we have identified secreted proteins involved in extracellular fatty acid binding.Results: The recent analysis of the Y. lipolytica secretome leads to the identification of a multi-gene family composed of four secreted proteins hereafter named UP1 to UP4. The protein products were efficiently over-expressed individually in native and multi-deletant strain (Q4: Δup1Δup2Δup3Δup4) backgrounds. Phenotype analysis demonstrated the involvement of those proteins in the binding of extracellular fatty acid. Also, deletion of these genes could prevent octanoic acid (C8) toxicity; while their individual over-expression increased sensitivity to its toxic action. The results suggested binding according to aliphatic chain length- and fatty acid concentration-dependent manner. 3D structure modelling supports at a molecular level their role in fatty acid accommodation.Conclusions: Extracellular fatty acid binding proteins were identified for the first time in Y. lipolytica. The new gene family names are proposed eFbp1 to eFbp4. The exact mode of eFbps action remains to be deciphered individually and synergistically, nevertheless, it is expected that the proteins may be relevant in lipid biotechnology, such as improving fatty acid production and/or bioconversion.
Cyber Threat Detection Based On Angle-Based Subspace Anomaly For Machine Learning Applications
Authors: Soumya T. R , Revathy S.
Published: August 2022

In real time applications related to social media, conventional anomaly detection techniques are not applicable as the accuracy is degraded due to higher dimensionality thereby hampering these applications leading to cyber threat. This paper focuses on an approach that can select feature subspaces of social media which have meaningful information and thereby conduct anomaly detection in the projected subspace correspondingly. Major goal is to maintain the accuracy of detection in the circumstance of high dimensionality detecting cyber threat. This approach determines the angle between any of the two lines for one of the anomaly candidate specifically where the first line is in connection with relevant data points along with centers of adjacent points and the other line is any parallel axis line. For a particular candidate in social media, any dimension having smallest angle with the first line is chosen as subspace parallel to the axis. In the projected subspace, the local outlierness is measured for an object by introducing normalized values of Mahalanobis distance. Artificial datasets are constructed for comparing proposed approach of detecting cyber threats in social media comprehensively and found to be accurate for machine learning applications.
Dissipative localised structures for the complex Discrete Ginzburg-Landau equation
Authors: Hennig Dirk , Karachalios Nikos I. , Maraver Jesús Cuevas
Published: August 2022

The discrete complex Ginzburg-Landau equation is a fundamental model for the dynamics of nonlinear lattices incorporating competitive dissipation and energy gain effects. Such mechanisms are of particular importance for the study of survival/destruction of localised structures in many physical situations. In this work, we prove that in the discrete complex Ginzburg-Landau dissipative solitonic waveforms persist for significant times by introducing a dynamical transitivity argument. This argument is based on a combination of the notions of "inviscid limits'' and of the "continuous dependence of solutions on their initial data'', between the dissipative system and its Hamiltonian counterparts. Thereby, it establishes closeness of the solutions of the Ginzburg-Landau lattice to those of the conservative ideals described by the Discrete Nonlinear Schr\"odinger and Ablowitz-Ladik lattices. Such a closeness holds when the initial conditions of the systems are chosen to be sufficiently small in the suitable metrics and for small values of the dissipation or gain strengths. Our numerical findings are found to be in excellent agreement with the analytical predictions for the dynamics of the dissipative bright, dark or even Peregrine-type solitonic waveforms.
The status and challenges of aquaculture development in Dodoma, a semi-arid region in Tanzania
Authors: Mramba Rosemary , Kahindi Emmanuel
Published: August 2022

Demand for fish is growing rapidly in Tanzania due to population growth and rising incomes. However, as fewer wild fish are being caught, there is a gap in fish supply. Aquaculture is a viable alternative source to meet the gap in fish demand. Tanzania has the perfect climate and land for fish farming. Aquaculture in fresh and salt water has grown quickly, yet the potential is not being fully realised. Thus, the study assessed the growth of aquaculture in Dodoma, a rapidly developing semi-arid region of Tanzania, in order to determine its potential, challeges, and solutions. Thirty-six fish farmers from Dodoma urban district were visited and interviewed. The interviews gathered information about management practices, fish yield, and challenges the farmers experienced. The findings indicated that aquaculture in the region began around nine years ago when the region began to expand. The aquaculture includes small-scale pond farming of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) and African catfish (Clarias gariepinus). Fish yield was about 1925 kg ha-1 per culture cycle, and fish customers are definitely available. The main challenges were limited supply and high prices of fish feed and seeds, and limited water supply. Use of commercial feeds, pond fertilisation, access to extension services and ownership of a borehole were related to high fish yield. Expansion of aquaculture in the region is possible with the improvement of extension services and training of farmers in proper breeding, feeding, and water management. To decrease water demands, integrated aquaculture, water recycling, and aquaponics should be encouraged.
A deductive design method to simplify ASCE 41-17 nonlinear static procedure preserving adjusted collapse margin ratio of steel moment frames
Authors: Shahrouzi Mohsen , Ebadijalal Mehrdad
Published: August 2022

The present study offers a deductive linear design procedure based on optimally screened designs under nonlinear static procedure (NSP) of ASCE 41-17. A linearization algorithm is proposed for idealizing NSP pushover curves. The subsequent phase inferred a linear static methodology from the design philosophy underlying ASCE 41-17's NSP. The deduced design procedure is applied in providing a set of 6-story optimal SMRF designs under two load patterns: the code-based and the first-mode shape patterns. The optimal designs by the proposed deduced linear procedure are compared with those optimized under ASCE 41-17's NSP using FEMA p695 metrics. Consequently, adjusted collapse margin ratio is evaluated for both design approaches using incremental dynamic analyses. The evaluation results, demonstrates that the deduced linear static design yields comparable outcomes with respect to NSP; without requiring complex inelastic analysis in design steps of ASCE 41-17. Using the code-based lateral load pattern, the linear static design resulted in a greater margin of safety against collapse in heavier designs with respect to applying the first-mode shape. The deduced design procedure yields an idea that supports a seismic design philosophy to prevent conflict between design and retrofit standards.
The temporal precision of audio-visual integration is associated with ten-year fall number but not sensorimotor fall risk in older adults
Authors: Dowd Alan O’ , Hirst Rebecca J. , Setti Annalisa , Donoghue Orna A. , Kenny Rose Anne , Newell Fiona N.
Published: August 2022

Sustained multisensory integration over long inter-stimulus time delays is typically found in older adults, particularly those with a history of falls. However, the extent to which the temporal precision of audio-visual integration is associated with longitudinal fall or fall risk trajectories is unknown. A large sample of older adults (N = 2,319) were grouped into longitudinal trajectories of self-reported fall incidents (i.e., decrease, stable, or increase in number) and, separately, Timed Up and Go (TUG) performance (stable, moderate decline, severe decline). Multisensory integration was measured once as susceptibility to the Sound-Induced Flash Illusion (SIFI) across three stimulus onset asynchronies (SOAs): 70 ms, 150 ms and 230 ms. Older adults with an increasing fall number showed a significantly different pattern of performance on the SIFI than non-fallers, depending on age: the ‘younger’ fallers (53-59 years) showed no difference in illusion susceptibility at 70 ms and 150 ms while the ‘oldest’ fallers (70+ years) showed a larger difference. There was no association between TUG performance trajectories and SIFI susceptibility. These findings suggests that a fall event is associated with distinct temporal patterns of multisensory integration in ageing and have implications for our understanding of the mechanisms underpinning brain health in older age.
Composition, structure and cytochemical characteristics of peripheral blood cells in Paralichthys olivaceus
Authors: Qiang Lu , Wang Xingqiang , Qin Lei , Yan Binlun , Gao Yingli
Published: August 2022

The microstructures, classification, counting and size of peripheral blood cells in Paralichthys olivaceus were observed and measured by Wright-Giemsa staining, and the cytochemical characteristics of peripheral blood cells were investigated by different cytochemical staining methods. Besides, the transmission electron microscope was used to observe the ultrastructures of different cells. The results showed that erythrocytes, thrombocytes and leukocytes constituted the peripheral blood cells in Paralichthys olivaceus, and leukocytes were made of monocytes, neutrophils and thrombocytes. More heterochromatins were found in erythrocytes, thrombocytes and neutrophils, however, monocytes had more organelles with fewer heterochromatins. As for neutrophils, endoplasmic reticulums and phagocytic vesicles were abundant. The number of erythrocytes was the highest, and the size of lymphocytes and thrombocytes was the smallest; while neutrophils were the fewest in number but the largest in size. Lymphocytes were the most abundant in leukocytes, followed by monocytes and neutrophils. The cytochemical staining results showed that all leukocytes were positive for SBB. Most of the lymphocytes were positive for PAS, and monocytes were positive for PAS, ACP and POX. As for neutrophils, ACP and POX were positive. Both monocytes and neutrophils showed positive for SBB, ACP and POX, indicating that the two kinds of cells play a vital role in phagocytosis and bactericidal action. Only lymphocytes were positive for ALP, indicating that they were important in inflammation and immune response. Paralichthys olivaceus shared the characteristics similarities in peripheral blood cells with other fishes. However, obvious differences also existed, which reflected the species speciality. These results could enrich the haematological database of bony fish and provide scientific references for researching the cell function and evaluating the health status in Paralichthys olivaceus based on haematological parameters.
Mannitol or Hypertonic Saline in Traumatic Brain Injury patients: a CENTER-TBI study
Authors: Veen Ernest van , Nieboer Daan , Kompanje Erwin J. O. , Citerio Giuseppe , Stocchetti Nino , Gommers Diederik A. M. P. J. , Menon David K. , Ercole Ari , Maas Andrew I. R. , Lingsma Hester. F. , Jagt Mathieu van der
Published: August 2022

Introduction: Increased intracranial pressure (ICP) is one of the most important modifiable and immediate threats to critically ill patients suffering from traumatic brain injury (TBI). Two hyperosmolar agents (HOA), mannitol and hypertonic saline (HTS) are routinely used in clinical practice to treat increased ICP. We aimed to assess whether a preference for mannitol, HTS or their combined use translated into differences in (functional) outcome.Methods: The CENTER-TBI Study is a prospective multicenter cohort study. For this study, patients with TBI, admitted to the ICU, treated with mannitol and/or HTS, aged ≥16, were included. Patients and centers were differentiated based on treatment preference with mannitol and/or HTS based on structured, data-driven criteria such as first administered HOA at the ICU. We assessed influence of center and patient characteristics in the choice of agent using adjusted multivariate models. Furthermore, we assessed the influence of HOA preference on (functional) outcome using adjusted ordinal and logistic regression models, and instrumental variable analyses.Results: In total, 2056 patients were assessed. Of these, 502 (24%) patients received mannitol and/or HTS on the ICU. The first bolus of a HOA was HTS for 287 (57%) patients, mannitol for 149 (30%) patients, and both for 66 (13%) patients. Two unreactive pupils were more common for patients receiving both (13, 21%), compared to patients receiving HTS (40, 14%), or mannitol (22, 16%). Center, rather than patient characteristics, was independently associated with the preferred choice of HOA (p-value < 0.05). ICU mortality and 6-month functional outcome were similar between patients preferably treated with mannitol compared to HTS (OR = 0.8, CI = 0.4 – 1.7; OR = 1.1, CI = 0.7 – 1.8 respectively). Patients who received both also had a similar ICU mortality and 6-month functional outcome compared to patients receiving HTS (OR = 1.9, CI = 0.7 - 4.9; OR = 0.7, CI = 0.3 – 1.6 respectively).Conclusion: We found between center variability regarding HOA preference. Moreover, we found that center is a more important driver of the choice of HOA than patient characteristics. However, our study indicates that this variability is an acceptable practice given absence of differences in outcomes associated with a specific HOA.
Insight into effects of high intensity ultrasound treatment on foamability and physicochemical properties of frozen egg white protein
Authors: Li Ya , Yu Ling , Wang Lifeng , Xiong Wenfei
Published: August 2022

Frozen storage can greatly improve the shelf life of fresh egg white protein (EWP), but at the same time, it will also lead to the reduction of protein foaming and can not meet the application needs. Herein, high-intensity ultrasound (HIUS) was used to improve the foam characteristics of EWP in different frozen storage periods. The results showed that compared with fresh egg white, the foaming ability of EWP with different freezing times (0, 3, 7, 14, 21 days) after HIUS treatment (20 kHz, 60% amplitude, 5 min) was significantly improved, especially the EWP after 21 days of frozen storage was doubled by HIUS induction. Furthermore, it was found that the improvement of EWP foamability was mainly due to the enhancement of surface hydrophobicity and the decrease of apparent viscosity, which increased the diffusion rate of protein to the interface and its adsorption amount at the interface. These results showed that HIUS was a simple, efficient and residue free way to improve the foam characteristics of frozen EWP, which has strong promotion and application value.
Extension of sectional pseudocomplementation in posets
Authors: Cīrulis Jānis
Published: August 2022

Sectional pseudocomplementation (sp-complementation) on a poset is a partial operation * which associates with every pair (x,y) of elements, where x ≥ y, the pseudocomplement x*y of x in the upper section [y). Any total extension → of * is said to be an extended sp-complementation and is considered as an implication-like operation. Extended sp-complementations have already be studied on semilattices and lattices. We describe several naturally arising classes of general posets with extended sp-complementation, present respective elementary properties of this operation, demonstrate that two other known attempts to isolate particular such classes are in fact not quite correct, and suggest suitable improvements.MSC Classification: 03G25 , 06A99 , 08A99
A study on morphometric features of the distal femoral resected surface in the osteoarthritis knees of Chinese patients and the differences in Males and Females.
Authors: Ke Song , Ran Tianfei , Ma Tianying , Qin Yinyin , Zhang Bokai , Wang Min
Published: August 2022

Purpose
To measure the morphometric features of the distal femoral resected surface in the osteoarthritis knees of Chinese patients and to analyze the morphometric variation of the distal femoral resected surface.
Method
The computer tomography (CT) images of a total of 406 knees from 203 osteoarthritis patients who underwent total knee arthroplasty (TKA) from January 2018 to December 2021 were analyzed. These imaging data were imported into the software of Mimics 21.0 and the three-dimensional (3D) model of the femur was reconstructed. When the distal femoral bone resection was simulated in this software, the measurement of medial-lateral (ML) dimension and anterior-posterior (AP) dimension of the resected surface was performed in the software. We analyzed the differences of AP dimension, ML dimension, and aspect ratio (ML/AP) between females and males.
Result
The mean ML dimension, the mean AP dimension, and the mean AR value measured in Chinese knees were 66.36 ± 4.61 mm, 58.39 ± 3.81 mm, and 1.14 ± 0.07 respectively. An obvious inter-individual morphometric variation of the distal femoral resected surface was observed between males and females. The data of the dimensions for Males are significantly larger than that for females, including the calculated values of AR. The results showed that the distal femoral resected surface of female seemed to be “narrower” than that of male.
Conclusion
The morphology of the distal femoral resected surface in Chinese patients with osteoarthritis shows great interpersonal variability, with men showing significantly higher values than women. Our results could provide a reference for the design of the prosthesis best fit for Chinese.
Mineral contents of salt-lick water and mammal visitation to salt-lick in tropical rainforests of Peninsula Malaysia
Authors: Tawa Yuko , Sah Shahrul Anuar Mohd , Kohshima Shiro
Published: August 2022

In order to examine the possible mineral supplementing function of salt licks for mammals in tropical rainforests of Peninsular Malaysia, we analysed mineral concentration of water from the salt-licks mainly visited by herbivorous mammals to drink water, and relationship between the mineral concentration and salt-lick visit by mammals. Among analysed minerals, only the concentrations of sodium and calcium were significantly higher in the water from all studied salt-licks than those of the nearby streams in both dry and rainy seasons, indicating that the mammals could supplement these minerals by drinking the salt-lick water. The herbivores most frequently visited the salt-lick with the sodium concentration significantly higher than other salt-licks. In contrast, the omnivores and the carnivores didn’t show such tendency. Among four herbivore species that visited the salt-licks most frequently, red muntjac and sambar, the first and second most-frequent visitors (41.7% and 20.8% of the visitation record by mammals), most frequently visited the salt-lick with highest sodium concentration, but Malayan tapir and white-thighed langur frequently visited the salt-lick with lower sodium concentration. The results are consistent with the hypotheses that sodium supplementation is an important purpose of salt-lick visit by herbivores, but also indicated that the factors other than sodium concentration also affect the selection of the salt-licks to visit by herbivores.
Multidisciplinary management of recurrent undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma of chest wall
Authors: Wu Wenjie , Jiang Zeyong , Zhao Wuming , Zhao Jian
Published: August 2022

Chest wall soft tissue sarcomas are rare, with MFH being the common pathological type. Surgery is the main therapy, but the postoperative local recurrence rate is high. This case reports an elderly male patient who was diagnosed with recurrent chest wall MFH. After treatment with cryo-radiofrequency, the patient achieved long-term survival. From this case, for recurrent chest wall MFH, surgery is the main method, but multidisciplinary treatments such as cryoablation may have better benefits. It has a positive effect on the long-term survival of patients with chest wall-derived MFH, and provides a therapeutic reference for the treatment of recurrent MFH.
WITHDRAWN: A strategy of product standardization and general performance evaluation for Raman spectrometers
Authors: Huang Wei
Published: August 2022

Raman spectroscopy has attracted more and more attention because of its advantages in rapid and non-destructive detection, as well as characteristic identification of molecular "fingerprint". It is now widely used in various fields such as food safety, biomedicine, material characterization, environmental science and judicial expertise. With rapid development of Raman technology, there are a variety of Raman spectrometers with different designs, properties, and applications. However, it is hard to assess the performance of different Raman spectrometers because of the lack of standardized testing and evaluation methods, which will severely hinder their production, sales and applications. In this paper current application status and configuration of Raman spectrometers are firstly reviewed, illustrating the urgent need of standardization in application and industrialization of Raman spectrometers. Then a novel overall testing procedure and evaluation method were developed so as to be adapted to a variety of Raman spectrometers. Five key specifications of Raman spectrometers were determined for performance evaluation. The entire testing procedure is economical, accessible, and environmentally friendly as using reusable solid materials and element lamps, as referenced. The validation results clearly illustrated the feasibility and applicability of the developed procedures and evaluation. Presented testing procedures and evaluation methods of Raman spectrometers provide a feasible strategy for the standardization of Raman spectrometers. The results of this study would be beneficial to instrumentation and technical exchanges for the development of Raman technology, which would definitely improve the application of Raman spectroscopy as an excellent analytical method.
Tracking the object analysis movement in position data map in the Surveillance of Data object
Authors: Pradeep M.
Published: August 2022

Analysis of object tracking in the movement of order position with an sequence object that coordinate the mapped function, in order to position the object sequence that arrange the values in the trained dataset. Order Value in the coordinate function map in the position order value made in the dataset to the arranging object, the value render the movement of one positional order into the sequence of other object position. Priority Order in the functional variable that range the order sequence movement that incurs the evolution position in the trained dataset, order in the value sequence that position the coordinate map with the trained dataset. Mapping order value in the position sequence that prioritize the value position of gyration with the order movement that position the value in the priority sequence in the movement from the order position. In the Existing System pre-trained order classifier that can be used to detect objects such as sapling, registration mark, phizog, crevice aperture In the Proposed method to attain the huge computational power ,in order to made in the evaluation of computationally feasible, it incurs the focus in the object movement tracking sequence in the surveillance order
Organization and evolution of the UK far-right network on Telegram
Authors: Bovet Alexandre , Grindrod Peter
Published: August 2022

The instant messaging platform Telegram has become popular among the far-right movements in the US and UK in recent years. These group use public Telegram channels and group chats to disseminate hate speech, disinformation and conspiracy theories. Recent works revealed that the far-right Telegram network structure is decentralized and formed of several communities divided mostly along the ideological and national lines.Here, we investigated the UK far-right network on Telegram and are interested in understanding the different roles of different channels and their influence relations.We apply a community detection method, based on the clustering of a flow of random walkers, that allows us to uncover the organization of the Telegram network in communities with different roles. We find three types of communities: 1) upstream communities contain mostly group chats that comment on content from channels in the rest of the network;2) core communities contain broadcast channels tightly connected to each other and can be seen as forming echo-chambers; 3) downstream communities contain popular channels that are highly referenced by other channels.We find that the network is composed of two main sub-networks: one containing mainly channels related to the English speaking far-right movements and one with channels in Russian.We analyze the dynamics of the different communities and the most shared external links in the different types of communities over a period going from 2015 to 2020. We find that different types of communities have different dynamics and share links to different types of websites.We finish by discussing several directions for further work.
Identification of ocular refraction using a novel intelligent retinoscopy system
Authors: Zou Haohan , Shi Shenda , Yang Xiaoyan , Ma Jiaonan , Fan Qian , Chen Xuan , Wang Yibing , Zhang Mingdong , Song Jiaxin , Jiang Yanglin , Li Lihua , He Xin , Jhanji Vishal , Wang Shengjin , Song Meina , Wang yan
Published: August 2022

Background:The evaluation of refraction is indispensable in ophthalmic clinics, generally requiring a refractor or retinoscopy under cycloplegia. Retinal fundus photographs (RFPs) supply a wealth of information related to the human eye and might provide a new approach that is more convenient and objective. Here, we aimed to develop and validate a fusion model-based intelligent retinoscopy system (FMIRS) to identify ocular refraction via RFPs and compare with the cycloplegic refraction. ​In this population-based comparative study, we retrospectively collected 11,973 RFPs from May 1, 2020 to November 20, 2021. The FMIRS was constructed, and the performance of the regression models of sphere and cylinder was evaluated. The accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, and F1-score were used to evaluate the classification model of the cylinder axis.Results:Overall,11,973 images were included. For sphere and cylinder, the mean absolute error values between the FMIRS and cycloplegic refraction were 0.50 D and 0.31 D, representing an increase of 29.41% and 26.67%, respectively, when compared with those of the single models. The correlation coefficients (r) were 0.949 and 0.807, respectively. For axis analysis, the accuracy, specificity, sensitivity, and area under the curve value of the classification model were 0.89, 0.941, 0.882, and 0.814, respectively, and the F1-score was 0.88.Conclusions:The FMIRS successfully identified ocular refraction accurately in sphere, cylinder, and axis, and it showed good agreement with the cycloplegic refraction. The RFPs can not only provide comprehensive fundus information but also the refraction state of the eye, emphasising their potential clinical value.