bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Elementos de arquitetura da informação no Repositório Eletrônico Institucional da UFPB
Authors: Gusmão Felipe Carvalho Marinho , Silva Mayane Paulino de Brito e , Pereira Giuliane Monteiro , Lima Izabel França de , Oliveira Henry Poncio Cruz de
Published: December 2021

Os ambientes de informação podem ser analógicos, digitais ou híbridos. Neste trabalho damos atenção aos ambientes de informação digital, que englobam os sítios da web, as bibliotecas digitais, os periódicos eletrônicos, os sistemas de gestão eletrônica de documentos e os repositórios digitais. O presente artigo é o relato de uma investigação sobre Arquitetura da informação em repositórios digitais, com foco analítico no repositório institucional da UFPB. Objetivou-se analisar elementos da Arquitetura da Informação nos Sistemas de organização com ênfase no modelo top down, do Sistema de rotulagem, navegação e busca na interface do repositório institucional da UFPB. A metodologia adotada é de caráter quali-quantitativo, com fins exploratórios e descritivos. Sugere-se melhorias na interface do Repositório Eletrônico Institucional da UFPB seguindo parâmetros orientados pela Arquitetura da informação com o intuito de aprimorar principalmente os processos de organização, busca e navegação.
Apreciação comparativa dos repositórios institucionais das instituições federais de ensino superior atuantes na cidade do Natal: políticas, povoamento, estruturação
Authors: Trindade Alessandra Stefane Cândido Elias da , Silva Judson Daniel Oliveira da
Published: December 2021

Os repositórios institucionais são ferramentas virtuais voltadas à guarda, preservação e disseminação da produção científica, artística e cultural de uma instituição, têm em políticas institucionais um elemento balizador. Diante disso, objetiva-se realizar uma apreciação comparativa das políticas institucionais e dos modelos organizacionais dos repositórios institucionais da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN) e do Instituto de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Rio Grande do Norte (IFRN), ambas, instituições federais de ensino superior atuantes na cidade do Natal. Aplicou-se metodologicamente a priori, revisão de literatura, obtida por meio de pesquisa bibliográfica, aliada a uma pesquisa documental, e a posteriori pesquisa descritiva, aliada ao método observacional, utilizando uma abordagem qualitativa para os dados, realizando um estudo de caso dos repositórios institucionais das organizações citadas. Conclui-se que as políticas institucionais que regulamentam os repositórios objeto de estudo apresentam diretrizes demasiadamente genéricas quanto à atividade de depósito, no caso da UFRN, e demasiadamente excludentes quanto às tipologias documentais a serem depositadas, no caso do IFRN. A análise de comunidades e coleções mostra que o repositório do IFRN tem por objetivo, além da disseminação da informação científica, a conservação da memória institucional.
Indicadores de ocorrência temática no campo da ciência da informação brasileira: uma perspectiva a partir dos artigos publicados no periódico Ciência da Informação
Authors: Cunha Caio César Delfino
Published: December 2021

Trata da ocorrência temática no campo de Ciência da Informação (CI) no Brasil. Tem como objetivo geral, analisar a produção científica em CI, através dos artigos publicados na revista Ciência da Informação. Aborda os temas comunicação e conhecimento científico indicando as mudanças paradigmáticas no processo de comunicação científica. Apresenta um breve histórico acerca da Ciência da Informação, bem como seus paradigmas: Fisicista, Cognitivo e Social. Utiliza como metodologia, a pesquisa quantitativa e qualitativa, utilizando as técnicas de análise da informação e representação temática. Constata a recorrência elevada de pesquisas relacionadas à representação e organização da informação; necessidades e uso da informação; tecnologias, sistemas e redes de informação; formação do profissional da informação; teoria da Ciência da Informação; e métricas da informação. Sugere, através dos resultados, a manutenção de estudos como o da natureza desta pesquisa para a compreensão do cenário e das perspectivas da CI no contexto brasileiro, bem como, estudos que tragam melhor compreensão sobre a recorrência temática.
Sistema de Informação da Atenção Básica (SIAB): análise do uso de um sistema de informação em saúde na cidade de Parnamirim-RN
Authors: Santos Valdete Honorato dos
Published: December 2021

Analisa o uso do Sistema de Informação da Atenção Básica (SIAB) como local de armazenamento constante de informações desenvolvidas pelas equipes de saúde na cidade de Parnamirim – RN. Aborda sobre a falta de conhecimento das equipes de saúdo acerca da utilização e acesso das informações do SIABI. Enfatiza que os sistemas de informação tem a função primordial de fornecer apoio informacional às atividades desenvolvidas pela instituição vinculada. Utiliza como metodologia a revisão de literatura, fazendo uso de suportes bibliográficos e digital. Realiza pesquisa de campo, e faz uso de questionário para a aquisição de informações. Expõe que os Sistemas informacionais de saúde evoluem rapidamente, conforme o avanço tecnológico, dos conceitos e métodos de armazenamento, tratamento e disseminação da informação. Avalia que um gestor deve preocupar-se com os dados gerados, ressaltando a importância de um profissional da informação, com competências em organizar, gerenciar e disseminar as informações do SIAB.
Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte: uma reflexão acerca de seu papel como meio de preservação da memória
Authors: Vila Monise Danielly Pessoa , Silva Mayane Paulino de Brito e
Published: December 2021

Analisa a importância da preservação da memória através da Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações (BDTD) da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN). Tem como objetivo geral realizar algumas reflexões a partir de revisão de literatura sobre a BDTD, e como objetivo específico mostrar a importância da BDTD da UFRN para a preservação digital de trabalhos científicos (teses e dissertações). Aborda a importância da memória e da preservação desta em meio digital. Apresenta um breve histórico sobre a BDTD no Brasil e na UFRN. Relata os procedimentos de inserção de trabalhos no sistema eletrônico da BDTD. Utilizou-se como metodologia pesquisas de cunho bibliográfico e em meios eletrônicos, bem como experiências empíricas no contexto da BDTD. Conclui que a memória digital é de suma importância para resguardar todo o material necessário, evitando assim danos que possam por em risco a informação e a memória, tornando esta acessível a toda posteridade, e que a BDTD da UFRN é uma ferramenta essencial para preservação da memória científica da universidade.
A importância dos estudos métricos da informação na construção de indicadores para a formação e desenvolvimento de coleções
Authors: Santos Raimunda Fernanda dos , Vitullo Nadia Aurora Vanti
Published: December 2021

Enfatiza a importância dos estudos métricos da informação na construção de indicadores para a formação e desenvolvimento de coleções. Objetiva abordar os métodos quantitativos como instrumentos de administração para a mensuração de dados, os quais podem facilitar o estabelecimento de diagnósticos e de avaliações a fim de otimizar a tomada de decisão para a formação e desenvolvimento de coleções nas unidades de informação. Utiliza como metodologia as pesquisas bibliográficas e eletrônicas as quais subsidiaram o desenvolvimento do estudo. Conclui destacando que a análise quantitativa da literatura, como instrumento de administração, pode acelerar o alcance da meta do bibliotecário que é a de maximizar a utilização social dos registros de informação para fins de benefício de seus usuários.
Preservação da memória através da fotografia e sua disseminação para a comunidade universitária no âmbito da AGECOM/UFRN
Authors: Moura Rafaela Karoline Galdêncio de , Araújo Francisco de Assis Noberto Galdino de
Published: December 2021

Apresenta perspectivas relacionadas à preservação de fotografias impressas institucionais no âmbito universitário. Explicita o contexto da informação, caracterizando o documento enquanto suporte de representação da informação. Conceitua a memória para a promoção da comunicação, disseminação da informação e formas de estoque na mente humana. Enfoca a fotografia como meio de representação da informação documental ao qual assume papel fundamental na construção da memória; bem como os elementos constituintes que a tornam meio impresso ou digital. Aborda questões técnicas e reflexivas concernentes à preservação, conservação e disseminação da informação em coleções fotográficas. Esta pesquisa objetivou estudar as formas de acondicionamento e preservação das fotografias da Agência de Comunicação da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, bem como perceber se existe divulgação destes materiais para a comunidade universitária. Finaliza o estudo com reflexões acerca da importância da preservação de fotografias para a construção da memória institucional enquanto um todo, com vistas a disseminação da informação ao público interno e externo frente à Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte. Palavras-chave: Memória institucional. Preservação de fotografias. Disseminação da informação.  Agência de Comunicação.
Ação cultural na Biblioteca Escolar Visconde de Sabugosa do Nei-UFRN: práticas de incentivo à leitura e desenvolvimento sociocultural
Authors: Nascimento Lorayne Kelly da Silva , Carvalho Luciana Moreira de
Published: December 2021

Aborda as práticas de ações culturais desenvolvidas em biblioteca escolar a partir da experiência prática da autora enquanto estagiária na referida biblioteca e das reflexões advindas da monografia de final de curso sobre a temática. Objetiva-se, portanto, apresentar as ações culturais desenvolvidas na Biblioteca Escolar Visconde de Sabugosa Núcleo de Educação Infantil (NEI) da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), como forma de mostrar que é possível tornar a biblioteca escolar um espaço rico em informação e imaginação, atraente e convidativo para as crianças. Parte do pressuposto que a biblioteca é um instrumento de ação cultural, que objetiva educar e transformar o indivíduo. Traz por base na fundamentação teórica características das bibliotecas escolares, apresenta o conceito de ação cultural, discute a diferenciação da ação cultural, fabricação cultural e animação cultural. Visa estabelecer o desenvolvimento de marketing cultural no âmbito da biblioteca. Reflete sobre a importância do bibliotecário em adotar a postura de agente cultural e diante dessa perspectiva, enfatiza sua atuação como mediador da leitura e leitores, identificando a competência bibliotecária em meio às ações. Quanto à metodologia, foi utilizada a pesquisa bibliográfica e documental, em um estudo exploratório e descritivo. Conclui-se que as ações culturais realizadas na Biblioteca Visconde de Sabugosa NEI/UFRN contribuem para o desenvolvimento socioeducativo dos alunos e provoca impacto na sala de aula, incentivando o hábito a leitura, melhoramento na escrita, estimulando a sua capacidade criativa e transformando-os em cidadãos mais conscientes.
Encontrabilidade da informação em repositórios digitais
Authors: Araújo Aline Karoline da Silva , Maia Flávio Henrique , Vechiato Fernando Luiz
Published: December 2021

Apresenta a Biblioteca Digital de Monografias da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (BDM/UFRN), assinalando como ocorre a encontrabilidade da informação nesse repositório institucional. Discorre brevemente sobre as origens do termo repositórios digitais, seus tipos e características. Utiliza os atributos e recomendações propostos por Vechiato e Vidotti para analisar a encontrabilidade da informação em ambientes informacionais digitais, focando na Arquitetura da Informação da BDM/UFRN. Usa como metodologia o levantamento bibliográfico em fontes de informações tradicionais e eletrônicas, como livros, sites, repositórios digitais, entre outras. Conclui que existe uma boa encontrabilidade da informação na BDM/UFRN, no entanto, foram encontradas falhas no que concerne à acessibilidade da informação.
Transferência de conhecimento na interação Universidade-Empresa:
Authors: Nascimento Rodrigo Romão do , Carvalho Andrea Vasconcelos
Published: December 2021

O processo de transferência do conhecimento está vinculado à apropriação e ao uso do conhecimento, o qual é transmitido de um emissor para um receptor num ambiente de interação. Este processo é abordado no conceito de Tríplice Hélice, que é a relação interativa entre três agentes independentes, porém economicamente colaborativos: Universidade, Governo e Empresas. Estudar a transferência de conhecimento na interação Universidade-Empresa, especificamente, se justifica pelo entendimento de que esses são os atores com maior capacidade de geração de produtos, processos e inovações intercambiáveis, enquanto o Governo atua com maior ênfase no fomento e financiamento dessas relações. Nesse sentido, objetiva-se refletir sobre como ocorre o processo de transferência de conhecimento na interação Universidade-Empresa a partir da análise de estudos de caso realizados em Universidades e Institutos Federais de Ensino brasileiros. Com base na análise dos seis estudos de caso recuperados, foi possível identificar os motivadores, os facilitadores, as barreiras e as características do fluxo informacional entre universidades e empresas. Assim, percebeu-se que nos estudos analisados predomina a existência do fluxo bidirecional de transferência de conhecimento e que quando identificado um fluxo unilateral, o conhecimento é transmitido da universidade para a empresa.
A Homogeneidade da Inclusão Digital no Brasil: Sonho ou Realidade?
Authors: Lebioda Laleska , Ostrovski Cabral Gabriela , Tezza Rafael
Published: December 2021

A inclusão digital visa combater a exclusão digital, ou seja, diminuir a lacuna que existe tanto para oportunidade de acesso a tecnologias de informação e comunicação, quanto ao acesso à internet. A exclusão digital reflete as diferenças entre países e entre regiões de um mesmo país. Desta forma, o presente estudo tem como finalidade verificar se existe diferença na inclusão digital, na dimensão do acesso, entre as regiões no Brasil: Centro-Oeste, Nordeste, Norte, Sudeste e Sul. Para atingir o objetivo foi desenvolvida uma pesquisa de abordagem quantitativa descritiva, foram coletados dados secundários do Governo Federal do Brasil e do Centro Regional para o Desenvolvimento da Sociedade da Informação, no período de 2011-2014. Os resultados obtidos mostram que a diferença entre regiões no âmbito da desigualdade social também impacta no âmbito da inclusão digital, levando em consideração de que a homogeneidade ainda é um sonho a ser alcançado pelos brasileiros.
Impact of Immunosuppressant Agents on Post Liver Transplant Patients
with COVID-19
Authors: Khodashahi Rozita , Aliakbarian Mohsen , Khodashahi Mandana
Published: December 2021

Background:

It seems that transplant recipients are at high risk for severe COVID-19,
especially in the presence of comorbidities and immunosuppression. This study aimed to determine
the effects of previous treatment with immunosuppressants and received dosage and the risk of
COVID-19 severity and mortality in liver transplant recipients in various post-transplantation phases
in the Iranian population.

Methods:

This was a cross-sectional study conducted among 24 patients in the post liver transplant
course, who were referred to two transplant centers (Imam Reza and Montaseriyeh hospitals) affiliated
to Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran, during 2020-2021. The demographic
and clinical characteristics of the patients were recorded in a checklist, and the relationships
between various variables were analyzed.

Results:

The majority of the post liver transplant patients(96%) were in the late phase of post-transplantation,
and 8.3% of the cases expired. COVID-19 severity and mortality did not show a significant
relationship with previous treatment with immunosuppressants and received dosage (P>0.05).
In addition, there was no relationship between the symptoms of COVID-19 and immunosuppressant
dosages, except for a headache. No significant correlation was found between immunosuppressants
dosage and laboratory findings, and only prednisolone dosage was found to be correlated
with heart rate (r=-0.62, P=0.03), BUN (r=-0.84, P=0.002), and D-dimer (r=-0.72, P=0.01).

Conclusion:

Severe SARS-CoV-2 infection was reported in the majority of liver transplant recipients.
The severity of COVID-19 was not related to previous treatment with immunosuppressants
and received dosage.
Efficacy and Safety of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Therapy for
COVID-19 Infection: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Li Yaxin , Wei Ziyang , Ma Xinyu , Xu Jing , Zhao Xia , Cao Qilong , Di Guohu
Published: December 2021

Background:

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an infectious respiratory disease
prevalent worldwide with a high mortality rate, and there is currently no specific medicine to treat
patients.

Objective:

We aimed to assess the safety and efficacy of stem cell therapy for COVID-19 by providing
references for subsequent clinical treatments and trials.

Method:

We systematically searched PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, and Web of Science, using the
following keywords: “stem cell” or “stromal cell” and “COVID-19.” Controlled clinical trials published
in English until 24th August 2021 were included. We followed the PRISMA guidelines and
used Cochrane Collaboration’s tool for assessing the risk of bias. We analysed the data using a
fixed-effect model.

Results:

We identified 1779 studies, out of which eight were eligible and included in this study.
Eight relevant studies consisted of 156 patients treated with stem cells and 144 controls (300 individuals
in total). There were no SAEs associated with stem cell therapy in all six studies, and no significant
differences in AEs (p = 0.09, I2 = 40%, OR = 0.53, 95% CI: 0.26 to 1.09) between the experimental
group and control group were observed. Moreover, the meta-analysis found that stem cell
therapy effectively reduced the high mortality rate of COVID-19 (14/156 vs. 43/144; p<0.0001, I2
= 0%, OR=0.18, 95% CI: 0.08 to 0.41).

Conclusion:

This study suggests that MSCs therapy for COVID-19 has shown some promising results
in safety and efficacy. It effectively reduces the high mortality rate of COVID-19 and does
not increase the incidence of adverse events.
Advanced Platelet-Rich Fibrin Extract Treatment Promotes the Proliferation
and Differentiation of Human Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem
Cells through Activation of Tryptophan Metabolism
Authors: Lu Guan-Ming , Jiang Li-Yuan , Huang Dong-Lin , Rong Yong-Xian , Li Yang-Hong , Wei Liu-Xing , Ning Yan , Huang Shan-Fu , Mo Steven , Meng Fu-Han , Li Hong-Mian
Published: December 2021

Background:

Advanced platelet-rich fibrin extract (APRFE) contains a high concentration
of various cytokines that are helpful for improving stem cells repair function. Objective: However,
the underlying mechanism of APRFE improving stem cell repairing is not clear.

Methods:

We produced APRFE by centrifuging fresh peripheral blood samples and isolated and
identified human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADMSCs). The abundance of cytokines
contained in APRFE was detected by the Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).
The ADMSCs treated with or without APRFE were collected for transcriptome sequencing.

Results:

Based on the sequencing data, the expression profiles were contracted. The differentially
expressed genes and lncRNA (DEGs and DElncRNAs) were obtained using for the differential expression
analysis. The lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA network was constructed based on the miRNet
database. The further enrichment analysis results showed that the biological functions were mainly
related to proliferation, differentiation, and cell-cell function. To explore the role of APRFE, the
protein-protein interaction network was constructed among the cytokines included in APRFE and
DEGs. Furthermore, we constructed the global regulatory network based on the RNAInter and TRRUST
database. The pathways in the global regulatory network were considered as the core pathways.
We found that the DEGs in the core pathways were associated with stemness scores.

Conclusion:

In summary, we predicted that APRFE activated three pathways (tryptophan
metabolism, mTOR signaling pathway, and adipocytokine signaling) to promote the proliferation
and differentiation of ADMSCs. The finding may be helpful for guiding the application of ADMSCs
in the clinic.
Mixed Cropping of Dwarf Napiergrass (Pennisetum purpureum cv. Mott) with Indigofera (Indigofera zollingeriana) using an Alley Cropping System
Authors: Utamy Renny Fatmyah , Sonjaya Herry , Ishii Yasuyuki , Hasan Syamsuddin , Nazira Maulina , Taufik Mujtahida , Januarti Etrid
Published: December 2021

Background:

Mixed cropping of forage grasses and legumes can potentially improve the performance of herbivores. However, the feasibility of grasses mixed-cropped with legumes should be examined at different plant densities.

Aim:

This study aimed to evaluate the growth characters and forage chemical composition in dwarf napiergrass (Pennisetum purpureum cv. Mott) with Indigofera (Indigofera zollingeriana) grown using alley cropping.

Methods:

Three densities of dwarf napiergrass with Indigofera, i.e., high density (2 and 1 plants m-2, respectively); medium density (1.33 and 1 plants m-2, respectively); and low density (1 and 1 plants m-2, respectively) were applied under rainfed conditions in Makassar.

Results:

Plant density significantly affected growth characteristics, such as plant height and tiller density in dwarf napiergrass (p<0.05), and non-significantly affected plant height and branch density (p>0.05) in Indigofera. Plant density did not affect the yielding ability at the first defoliation and annual total of yields (p>0.05), except at the second defoliation when the dry matter production of dwarf napiergrass peaked in the low plant density treatment (p<0.05). In terms of chemical composition, plant density significantly affected fiber concentrations of acid detergent fiber and neutral detergent fiber, which were lowest at low plant densities (p<0.05). The acid detergent lignin and cellulose concentrations tended to be lower at low plant densities, but the differences were not significant (p>0.05).

Conclusion:

We consider that alley cropping systems for dwarf napiergrass and Indigofera are suitable if low plant densities are employed in the region.
Psychological Distress and Coping Strategies among Nurses during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Online Survey
Authors: Alnazly Eman K. , Hjazeen Anees A.
Published: December 2021

Background:

The emergence of COVID-19 has a significant impact on nurse’s overall health. The severity and magnitude of the COVID-19 pandemic means it is extremely likely that health-care professionals will experience psychological distress as a result of their direct contact with patients who have contracted the infection.

Objectives:

This study aimed to evaluate levels of psychological distress among nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic, determine the associated factors, and identify nurses’ coping strategies.

Methods:

This study is a cross-sectional design. Overall, 130 nurses answered online questionnaires. The questionnaires measured sociodemographic characteristics, Fear of COVID-19 Scale, the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale, and the Brief Coping Inventory.

Results:

Nurses have a moderate level of fear (mean score: 24.34 ± 13.43) and depression (43.8% of the sample), and severe anxiety (73.8%) and stress (45.4%). Anxiety and fear were positively correlated (r = .675, p < .001). Independent t-tests revealed that female nurses had higher psychological distress and fear than male nurses (p = 0.015 and p = 0.038, respectively). Nurses who cared for patients who had tested positive for coronavirus disease 2019 and those who had a friend or family member who had tested positive had higher fear and psychological distress than their respective counterparts (p < .001 and p = .010, respectively). Working more hours was moderately correlated with fear and anxiety (p = 0.016). Nurses were found to generally adopt maladaptive coping styles.

Conclusion:

Through careful study of the factors determined through this research to be associated with psychological distress among nurses, the health-care community can better prepare to mitigate nurses’ emotional and psychological toll in future pandemic situations. Working with patients who have tested positive for COVID-2019 causes psychological distress for nurses.
Undergraduate Nursing Student Perspectives About Challenges in Clinical Education in Jordan: A Cross-Sectional Descriptive Study
Authors: Al-Dweik Ghadeer , Khalil Heba , Atout Maha , Al Zaghmouri Abeer , AbuRuz Mohannad Eid
Published: December 2021

Introduction:

Clinical education is an essential element in a baccalaureate nursing program, providing nursing students with the required knowledge, skills, abilities, and attitudes that are required to deliver professional nursing care after graduation.

Objective:

The purpose of this study was to identify the student perceived challenges associated with nursing instruction in the clinical environment.

Methods:

A cross-sectional descriptive design was used to identify the challenges associated with clinical instruction from the nursing students’ perspective. Convenience sampling was used to recruit 187 nursing students from three universities in Jordan, including one public and two private.

Results:

The major challenges to clinical education were fear of committing mistakes; lack of facilities for students; lack of knowledge among community and patients about the nursing profession; fear of infection; lack of availability of equipment in the clinical setting; students’ lack of preparedness and skills in planning care; and lack of collaboration from clinical staff.

Conclusion:

Identifying the challenges is necessary to formulate strategies to address them, to improve curriculum designed and clinical education for nursing students accordingly.
Stigma Towards People with Schizophrenia Among the Health Study Students: Faculty of Medicine, Faculty of Psychology, and Department of Counseling in Jakarta
Authors: Abidin Shahnaz , Irwanto Irwanto
Published: December 2021

Stigma and discrimination against persons with mental disorder has been a global issue. The negative impacts of this includes serious barrier to supportive government policies and detrimental effects to the quality of life of the stigmatized persons. Earlier studies suggest that stigma has been observed among professionals such as medical doctors, nurses, and counselors. This research aims to understand how students of related academic fields such as medicine, psychology, and counseling regard persons with schizophrenia as measured by the Bogardus Social Distance Scale. The study was conducted to 230 students studying in health-related fields (Medicine, Psychology, and Counseling students). Analysis of data were conducted with an independent t-test, One-way ANOVA, and Simple Regression techniques. The results show that students from the health-related field have serious issues with stigma. The majority of the students are not willing to include a person with schizophrenia as their family member or caregiver. Students who have had earlier contact them tend to have lower stigma. However, students who have family members with schizophrenia have a higher stigma. The medical students tend to have higher stigma compared to psychology and other students.
The Implementation of Drill Methods to Improve Children with Autism's Ability to Tie Shoelaces
Authors: Dapa Aldjon , Undap Tiersa , Kiriweno Henny
Published: December 2021

The purpose of this study is to analyze the effectiveness of drill methods in increasing the ability to tie shoelaces to autistic children. The type of research method used in this study is single subject research (SSR), with A-B-A research design. this research was conducted at the SLB Paulus Tomohon. The subjects in this study were autistic students who sat in class X. The results showed that subjects could not follow instructions along baseline A1 in 5 times, baseline B as many as 15 times, and baselin A2 as much as 5 times, Analysis of data at baseline (A1) long conditions 5 sessions with mean level 0, 0% presentation stability. Furthermore, in the intervention stage (B) the condition is 15 sessions long with mean level 6.46 and stability percentage 33%. The baseline stage (A2) with the condition of 5 sessions and mean level 10, the percentage of stability is 100%, with the existing data, it can be concluded that the drill method can improve the ability to tie shoelaces to autistic children in class X at the SLB Paulus Tomohon.
Alternative Augmentative Communication "Wofal" for Children with Down Syndrome
Authors: Sari Yuli , Lestari Rini , Komalasari Neneng
Published: December 2021

This research is motivated by the existence of communication problems in children with Down syndrome. Communication problems on the subject are related to the use of language in their environment. The data obtained from the subject's parents, teachers and tutors experienced problems in expressing their own desires. The purpose of this study is to help subjects communicate with their environment. Communication uses tools that are made based on the needs and abilities of the current subject. The tool created is called "Wofal". This tool is in the form of modified images with an attractive shape and easy to use subjects. The first stage of using the tool introduces the images that the subject will use in communicating. Second, the subject was asked to stick to his wishes and choose an image. The picture consists of the subjects' daily activities at home and at school. After intervention to the subject, the results were obtained. According to teachers, parents and tutors, this tool makes it easier for subjects to communicate. Usually teachers, tutors and parents do not understand what the subject wants. After this tool the crying behavior of the subject became less. So, this tool makes it easier for subjects to communicate in their environment.
Intervention of Entrepreneurship Values to Improve Entrepreneur Interest on Persons with Disabilities
Authors: Setiawan Arozi , Yusuf Munawir , Gunarhadi Gunarhadi
Published: December 2021

This paper aims to know the entrepreneurship interest on the disabilities and the impacts of this entrepreneurship values intervention on their entrepreneur interest. Data is collected from standardized questionnaire of entrepreneurship interest including attention, interest, desire, decision and action with reliability level of 0.892. Data is analyzed on the normality, then using paired samples t-test to know the impacts of provided treatment. Results of this study show that (1) the intervention of entrepreneurship values can improve entrepreneur interest on the disabilities in Surakarta; (2) before treatment, the level of entrepreneur interest on the disabilities is in medium-to-low level with the percentage of 86.99%; (3) the level of entrepreneur interest after treatment is improving to percentage of 82.05%.
Narratives of Mothers: An Optimistic View of Raising Children with Disabilities
Authors: Joshi Priti
Published: December 2021

The study explored the experiences of 49 mothers of children with disabilities through interviews at home. The children were in the age group of 5-13 years, and were studying in mainstream schools. The families resided in New Delhi, the capital of India. They were from the middle socio-economic status and followed Hinduism. The mothers described a wide range of difficulties ranging from financial, emotional to interpersonal in raising their children. However, 21 mothers among them stood out from the rest. Their narratives were optimistic and had positive perceptions. They gave positive meanings to their lives and to the child’s situation despite challenges and even though the larger system viewed them negatively. The paper highlights themes that emerged as part of the journey of mothers in developing a more optimistic view of their child’s situation and their own self as a person. The research has implications for family interventions.
Intereses de élite y gasto público en educación a finales del siglo XIX y principios del XX en Prusia: un diálogo entre la historia y la economía
Authors: Acosta Madiedo Aranzalez Sebastian Enrique
Published: December 2021

Este artículo analiza la manera en que la política de educación pública de Prusia fue orientada intencionalmente hacia principios económicos que los economistas modernos han formalizado y replicado. El ensayo compara los resultados de dos modelos económicos con las intenciones de los funcionarios del gobierno prusiano, las cuales se encuentran recogidas en la agenda de investigación de historiadores y académicos. El documento concluye que la política de educación pública de Prusia fue intuitiva e intencionalmente influenciada por principios económicos y las orientaciones de los modelos teóricos y empíricos seleccionados para tal fin.
Geastrum chamelense (Geastraceae, Agaricomycetes), una nueva especie con endoperidio setoso del bosque tropical caducifolio en Jalisco, México
Authors: Bautista Silvia , Raymundo Tania , Aguirre-Acosta Elvira , Martínez-González César Ramiro , Valenzuela Ricardo
Published: December 2021

Antecedentes y Objetivos: Geastrum se caracteriza por presentar basidiomas esteliformes, exoperidio con tres capas, endoperidio sésil o estipitado, peristoma sulcado, plegado, doblado o fibriloso, distintiva o indistintivamente delimitado, algunas veces con micoesclereidas. El objetivo de este estudio es describir e ilustrar a Geastrum chamelense con datos morfológicos, ecológicos y moleculares como una especie nueva de la Estación de Biología Chamela, Jalisco, México.
Métodos: Las colecciones de basidiomas con diferentes grados de madurez recolectados en 2010 y 2011 del bosque tropical caducifolio de la Estación de Biología Chamela en el estado de Jalisco se describen macro y micromorfológicamente. El material tipo está depositado en las colecciones micológicas de los herbarios ENCB y MEXU. La extracción de ADN, así como los análisis filogeneticos de secuencias de ITS, LSU, atp6 y rpb1, se basan en el holotipo.
Resultados clave: Geastrum chamelense se distingue por sus basidiomas pardo grisáceos, exoperidio pseudofornicado, carnoso, no higroscópico y endoperidio sésil, subgloboso a deprimido con peristoma plegado, no delimitado, y presencia de setas. Este último carácter se comparte con Geastrum setiferum de Brasil, pero ésta tiene setas más cortas y anchas (95-215 × 20-47 µm) que G. chamelense (102-330 × 10.2-15.3 µm). Desde una perspectiva filogenética, G. chamelense tiene como grupo hermano a G. hieronymi y G. cf. calceum, mientras que G. setiferum no está relacionado porque aparece en un clado separado.
Conclusiones: Geastrum chamelense es reconocida como una especie nueva basada en datos morfológicos, ecológicos y moleculares.
The Role of Education, Monitoring, and Symptom Perception in Internet-Based Self-management Among Adolescents With Asthma: Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Controlled Trial (Preprint)
Authors: Beerthuizen Thijs , Rikkers-Mutsaerts E R V M , Snoeck-Stroband Jiska B , Sont Jacob K
Published: December 2021

BACKGROUND

Internet-based self-management programs improve asthma control and the asthma-related quality of life in adults and adolescents. The components of self-management programs include education and the web-based self-monitoring of symptoms; the latter requires adequate perception in order to timely adjust lifestyle or medication or to contact a care provider.

OBJECTIVE

We aimed to test the hypothesis that adherence to education and web-based monitoring and adequate symptom perception are important determinants for the improvement of asthma control in self-management programs.

METHODS

We conducted a subgroup analysis of the intervention group of a randomized controlled trial, which included adolescents who participated in the internet-based self-management arm. We assessed the impacts that attendance in education sessions, the frequency of web-based monitoring, and the level of perception had on changes in asthma control (Asthma Control Questionnaire [ACQ]) and asthma-related quality of life (Pediatric Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire) from baseline to 12 months after intervention.

RESULTS

Adolescents who attended education sessions had significant and clinically relevant improvements in asthma control (ACQ score difference: −0.6; P=.03) and exhibited a nonsignificant trend of improvement in asthma-related quality of life (Pediatric Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire score difference: −0.45; P=.15) when compared to those who did not adhere to education. Frequent monitoring alone did not improve asthma control (P=.07) and quality of life (P=.44) significantly, but its combination with education did result in improved ACQ scores (difference: −0.88; P=.02). There were no significant differences in outcomes between normoperceivers and hypoperceivers.

CONCLUSIONS

Education, especially in combination with frequent web-based monitoring, is an important determinant for the 1-year outcomes of asthma control in internet-based self-management programs for adolescents with partly controlled and uncontrolled asthma; however, we could not establish the effect of symptom perception. This study provides important knowledge on the effects of asthma education and monitoring in daily life.
Expectations of Health Researchers From Academic Social Network Sites: Qualitative Study (Preprint)
Authors: Dehghani Mohammad , Kahouei Mehdi , Akhondzadeh Shahin , Mesgarpour Bita , Ferdousi Reza
Published: December 2021

BACKGROUND

Today, academic social network sites' role in improving the quality of education and how investigators conduct their research has become more critical.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to investigate Iranian health researchers' requirements for academic social network sites from a low-income country perspective.

METHODS

This qualitative study with a phenomenological approach was done in 2020. In this study, 23 researchers in the health system were selected by purposive sampling. Semistructured interviews were used to collect data. Data were analyzed by MaxQDA-10 software and the content analysis method.

RESULTS

We identified 2 categories of functional and technical characteristics in the study participants' expectations. Functional characteristics included facilitating communication and team activities, managing scientific publications, enhancing the process of conducting research, being informative, and sharing and trading laboratory materials and equipment. Technical characteristics of an academic social network include user management capabilities, high security and privacy, being user-friendly, and other technical features.

CONCLUSIONS

Health researchers emphasized 2 functional and technical characteristics required to meet academic social network sites' expectations.
The Standardization of Hospital-Acquired Infection Rates Using Prediction Models in Iran: Observational Study of National Nosocomial Infection Registry Data (Preprint)
Authors: Izadi Neda , Etemad Koorosh , Mehrabi Yadollah , Eshrati Babak , Hashemi Nazari Seyed Saeed
Published: December 2021

BACKGROUND

Many factors contribute to the spreading of hospital-acquired infections (HAIs).

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to standardize the HAI rate using prediction models in Iran based on the National Healthcare Safety Network (NHSN) method.

METHODS

In this study, the Iranian nosocomial infections surveillance system (INIS) was used to gather data on patients with HAIs (126,314 infections). In addition, the hospital statistics and information system (AVAB) was used to collect data on hospital characteristics. First, well-performing hospitals, including 357 hospitals from all over the country, were selected. Data were randomly split into training (70%) and testing (30%) sets. Finally, the standardized infection ratio (SIR) and the corrected SIR were calculated for the HAIs.

RESULTS

The mean age of the 100,110 patients with an HAI was 40.02 (SD 23.56) years. The corrected SIRs based on the observed and predicted infections for respiratory tract infections (RTIs), urinary tract infections (UTIs), surgical site infections (SSIs), and bloodstream infections (BSIs) were 0.03 (95% CI 0-0.09), 1.02 (95% CI 0.95-1.09), 0.93 (95% CI 0.85-1.007), and 0.91 (95% CI 0.54-1.28), respectively. Moreover, the corrected SIRs for RTIs in the infectious disease, burn, obstetrics and gynecology, and internal medicine wards; UTIs in the burn, infectious disease, internal medicine, and intensive care unit wards; SSIs in the burn and infectious disease wards; and BSIs in most wards were >1, indicating that more HAIs were observed than expected.

CONCLUSIONS

The results of this study can help to promote preventive measures based on scientific evidence. They can also lead to the continuous improvement of the monitoring system by collecting and systematically analyzing data on HAIs and encourage the hospitals to better control their infection rates by establishing a benchmarking system.
Tracking Public Attitudes Toward COVID-19 Vaccination on Tweets in Canada: Using Aspect-Based Sentiment Analysis (Preprint)
Authors: Jang Hyeju , Rempel Emily , Roe Ian , Adu Prince , Carenini Giuseppe , Janjua Naveed Zafar
Published: December 2021

BACKGROUND

The development and approval of COVID-19 vaccines have generated optimism for the end of the COVID-19 pandemic and a return to normalcy. However, vaccine hesitancy, often fueled by misinformation, poses a major barrier to achieving herd immunity.

OBJECTIVE

We aim to investigate Twitter users’ attitudes toward COVID-19 vaccination in Canada after vaccine rollout.

METHODS

We applied a weakly supervised aspect-based sentiment analysis (ABSA) technique, which involves the human-in-the-loop system, on COVID-19 vaccination–related tweets in Canada. Automatically generated aspect and opinion terms were manually corrected by public health experts to ensure the accuracy of the terms and make them more domain-specific. Then, based on these manually corrected terms, the system inferred sentiments toward the aspects. We observed sentiments toward key aspects related to COVID-19 vaccination, and investigated how sentiments toward “vaccination” changed over time. In addition, we analyzed the most retweeted or liked tweets by observing most frequent nouns and sentiments toward key aspects.

RESULTS

After applying the ABSA system, we obtained 170 aspect terms (eg, “immunity” and “pfizer”) and 6775 opinion terms (eg, “trustworthy” for the positive sentiment and “jeopardize” for the negative sentiment). While manually verifying or editing these terms, our public health experts selected 20 key aspects related to COVID-19 vaccination for analysis. The sentiment analysis results for the 20 key aspects revealed negative sentiments related to “vaccine distribution,” “side effects,” “allergy,” “reactions,” and “anti-vaxxer,” and positive sentiments related to “vaccine campaign,” “vaccine candidates,” and “immune response.” These results indicate that the Twitter users express concerns about the safety of vaccines but still consider vaccines as the option to end the pandemic. In addition, compared to the sentiment of the remaining tweets, the most retweeted or liked tweets showed more positive sentiment overall toward key aspects (P<.001), especially vaccines (P<.001) and vaccination (P=.009). Further investigation of the most retweeted or liked tweets revealed two opposing trends in Twitter users who showed negative sentiments toward vaccines: the “anti-vaxxer” population that used negative sentiments as a means to discourage vaccination and the “Covid Zero” population that used negative sentiments to encourage vaccinations while critiquing the public health response.

CONCLUSIONS

Our study examined public sentiments toward COVID-19 vaccination on tweets over an extended period in Canada. Our findings could inform public health agencies to design and implement interventions to promote vaccination.
Risk Factors Associated With SARS-CoV-2 Breakthrough Infections in Fully mRNA-Vaccinated Individuals: Retrospective Analysis (Preprint)
Authors: Liu Cong , Lee Junghwan , Ta Casey , Soroush Ali , Rogers James R , Kim Jae Hyun , Natarajan Karthik , Zucker Jason , Perl Yehoshua , Weng Chunhua
Published: December 2021

BACKGROUND

COVID-19 messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccines have demonstrated efficacy and effectiveness in preventing symptomatic COVID-19, while being relatively safe in trial studies. However, vaccine breakthrough infections have been reported.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to identify risk factors associated with COVID-19 breakthrough infections among fully mRNA-vaccinated individuals.

METHODS

We conducted a series of observational retrospective analyses using the electronic health records (EHRs) of the Columbia University Irving Medical Center/New York Presbyterian (CUIMC/NYP) up to September 21, 2021. New York City (NYC) adult residences with at least 1 polymerase chain reaction (PCR) record were included in this analysis. Poisson regression was performed to assess the association between the breakthrough infection rate in vaccinated individuals and multiple risk factors—including vaccine brand, demographics, and underlying conditions—while adjusting for calendar month, prior number of visits, and observational days in the EHR.

RESULTS

The overall estimated breakthrough infection rate was 0.16 (95% CI 0.14-0.18). Individuals who were vaccinated with Pfizer/BNT162b2 (incidence rate ratio [IRR] against Moderna/mRNA-1273=1.66, 95% CI 1.17-2.35) were male (IRR against female=1.47, 95% CI 1.11-1.94) and had compromised immune systems (IRR=1.48, 95% CI 1.09-2.00) were at the highest risk for breakthrough infections. Among all underlying conditions, those with primary immunodeficiency, a history of organ transplant, an active tumor, use of immunosuppressant medications, or Alzheimer disease were at the highest risk.

CONCLUSIONS

Although we found both mRNA vaccines were effective, Moderna/mRNA-1273 had a lower incidence rate of breakthrough infections. Immunocompromised and male individuals were among the highest risk groups experiencing breakthrough infections. Given the rapidly changing nature of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, continued monitoring and a generalizable analysis pipeline are warranted to inform quick updates on vaccine effectiveness in real time.