bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DUSP3 modulates IRES‐dependent translation of mRNAs through dephosphorylation of the HNRNPC protein in cells under genotoxic stimulus
Authors: Ferruzo Pault Y. M. , Boell Viktor K. , Russo Lilian C. , Oliveira Carla C. , Forti Fabio L.
Published: March 2024

Background Information

The dual‐specificity phosphatase 3 (DUSP3) regulates cell cycle progression, proliferation, senescence, and DNA repair pathways under genotoxic stress. This phosphatase interacts with HNRNPC protein suggesting an involvement in the regulation of HNRNPC‐ribonucleoprotein complex stability. In this work, we investigate the impact of DUSP3 depletion on functions of HNRNPC aiming to suggest new roles for this enzyme.

Results

The DUSP3 knockdown results in the tyrosine hyperphosphorylation state of HNRNPC increasing its RNA binding ability. HNRNPC is present in the cytoplasm where it interacts with IRES trans‐acting factors (ITAF) complex, which recruits the 40S ribosome on mRNA during protein synthesis, thus facilitating the translation of mRNAs containing IRES sequence in response to specific stimuli. In accordance with that, we found that DUSP3 is present in the 40S, monosomes and polysomes interacting with HNRNPC, just like other previously identified DUSP3 substrates/interacting partners such as PABP and NCL proteins. By downregulating DUSP3, Tyr‐phosphorylated HNRNPC preferentially binds to IRES‐containing mRNAs within ITAF complexes preferentially in synchronized or stressed cells, as evidenced by the higher levels of proteins such as c‐MYC and XIAP, but not their mRNAs such as measured by qPCR. Under DUSP3 absence, this increased phosphorylated‐HNRNPC/RNA interaction reduces HNRNPC‐p53 binding in presence of RNAs releasing p53 for specialized cellular responses. Similarly, to HNRNPC, PABP physically interacts with DUSP3 in an RNA‐dependent manner.

Conclusions and Significance

Overall, DUSP3 can modulate cellular responses to genotoxic stimuli at the translational level by maintaining the stability of HNRNPC‐ITAF complexes and regulating the intensity and specificity of RNA interactions with RRM‐domain proteins.
Lentinan inhibits cell invasion via M2 polarization of tumor‐associated macrophages and Wnt/β‐catenin signaling in non‐small cell lung cancer
Authors: Yang Yan , Cheng Yue , Mu Yanfei , Tang Xianjun , Mu Xiaosong
Published: March 2024

Non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is an aggressive and devastating cancer due to its metastasis induced by increased invasion. Lentinan is a polysaccharide exerting antitumor roles in multiple cancers, including lung cancer. However, the influence of lentinan on cell invasion in NSCLC remains unclear. Cell invasion was detected by transwell analysis. Matrix metallopeptidase 9 (MMP9) levels were measured through immunofluorescence staining. The markers arginase‐1 (Arg‐1), CD206 and interleukin (IL)‐10 (IL‐10) of M2 macrophages, Wnt3a, and β‐catenin levels were measured by western blot or enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. Lentinan did not affect cell viability and proliferation in NSCLC cells. Lentinan suppressed cell invasion and reduced the expression and secretion of MMP9. Lentinan attenuated also M2 polarization of tumor‐associated macrophages. Moreover, lentinan mitigated the M2 macrophage conditioned medium‐mediated cell invasion and MMP9 alterations in NSCLC cells. Lentinan inhibited the activation of the Wnt/β‐catenin signaling in NSCLC cells. The activated Wnt/β‐catenin pathway reversed the suppressive effects of lentinan on cell invasion and MMP9 level in NSCLC cells. In conclusion, lentinan reduces cell invasion in NSCLC cells by inhibiting the M2 polarization of tumor‐associated macrophages and the Wnt/β‐catenin signaling.
Market intelligence gathering, asymmetric information, and the instability of money demand
Authors: Kim Seon Tae , Marchesiani Alessandro
Published: March 2024

The observed money demand in the U.S. had a stable negative relation with the interest rate up until the 1990s. After this period, this relation fell apart and has never been restored. We show that the central bank's ability to gather information, referred to as market intelligence (MI), matters to generate an upward‐sloping money demand curve. We calibrate the model to the U.S. data for the period from 1990 to 2019 and show that MI helps to match the money demand. We also show that it is beneficial for the society, since it mitigates the inefficiency associated with asymmetric information.
Resveratrol and tetrahydroisoquinoline effects on neutrophil sensitivity to NETosis formation in low‐risk essential thrombocythemia patients
Authors: Shahriyary Fahimeh , Amirzargar Mohammad Reza , Vafajoo Mahshid , Kooshari Ahmad , Basi Ali , Razavi Seyed Mohsen , Gharegozlou Behnaz , Shahidi Minoo
Published: March 2024

Introduction

Recent studies scrutinize how NETosis (a unique cell death mechanism of neutrophil), impacts thrombosis patients with essential thrombocythemia (ET). This research evaluates the susceptibility of ET neutrophils to form NETs and tests two potential inhibitors, resveratrol (RSV) and tetrahydroisoquinoline (THIQ), in vitro.

Methods

Platelet‐rich plasma from low‐risk ET patients was used, along with neutrophils from both patients and controls. NET formation assays, with or without RSV and THIQ treatment after LPS stimulation, were conducted in a CO2 incubator. Evaluation included flow cytometry and fluorescence microscopy for NET formation and ELISA for TNFα, IL8, and vWF:Ag levels in patient and control plasma.

Results

Neutrophils from ET patients released more NETs than controls, confirmed by flow cytometry and fluorescence microscopy. Additionally, patients had significantly higher plasma levels of IL8 and TNFα compared to controls, while RSV was more effective than THIQ in reducing NETosis rates in these patients.

Conclusions

In ET patients, a platelet counts over 1 million indicates the need for preventive treatment against thrombotic events. Similarly, in this study, RSV and THIQ significantly reduced the rate of NETosis in ET patients with higher platelet counts, and this role was more prominent in the case of the second inhibitor (RSV).
Recognizing interspecific dominance signals? Blue tits adjust nest defence based on great tit's black bib size
Authors: Quesada Javier , Guallar Santi , Navalpotro Helena , Carrillo‐Ortiz José G. , Senar Juan Carlos
Published: March 2024

Animals use colours, morphological structures and behaviour to advertise their dominance status and ability to obtain resources (Resource Holding Potential, RHP) in agonistic contexts with conspecifics. Dominance relationships are also known between species, although the interactions and the information used to assess the other species' RHP remain obscure and empirical evidence of interspecific recognition of status is hard to obtain. Using behavioural inference is particularly important when a species needs to assess the potential loss of fitness in terms of reproduction or survival (e.g., risk of damage or predation) that could be inflicted by another species acting as a predator, parasite or competitor. Our study shows for the first time the existence of interspecific recognition of status signals: Blue tits Cyanistes caeruleus (subordinate species) perceive Great tits Parus major (dominant species) as threats as hole‐nesting competitors, and respond differently based on the size of the great tit's black tie stripe. Blue tits seemed to recognize the meaning of great tits' black ties because they were bolder when defending their nests against small‐tie (less dominant) great tits than when repelling attacks by large‐tie (more dominant) great tit males. Our results stress that behavioural inference can potentially be used to assess the meaning of status signals that presumably evolved in an intraspecific signalling context.
Effect of two different peritoneal dialysis modalities on wound infection in peritoneal dialysis patients: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Tang Li , Cheng Qijun , Qing Yonghong , Yu Jie , Yan Xiaoping , Liao Changbin
Published: March 2024

Peritoneal dialysis(PD) is one of the most efficient methods in end‐stage kidney disease, and it is very important for PD to perform well. No research has been conducted to evaluate the effect of various types of PD catheters on the prognosis of post‐operative wound complications. While recent meta‐analyses are in favour of straight tubing, there is still uncertainty as to whether direct or coiled PD is beneficial. The purpose of this meta‐analysis was to compare the efficacy of direct and coiled PD catheters on the incidence of post‐operative wound infection, bleeding and peritonitis. A comprehensive search was carried out on three databases, including PubMed and Embase, and a manual search was carried out on the links in the paper. The results showed that the incidence rate of bleeding after operation and the degree of infection among the straight and coiled pipes were compared. The results showed that there were no statistically significant differences in the incidence of post‐operative wound infection among straight PD patients with coiled PD (OR, 0.79; 95% CI, 0.58–1.08 p = 0.13). No statistical significance was found in the case of PD with coiled tubing compared with that of straight PD group in wound leakage (OR, 1.17; 95% CI, 0.71–1.93 p = 0.55). No statistically significantly different rates of post‐operative peritonitis were observed for coiled tubing compared with straight ones in PD patients (OR, 1.06; 95% CI, 0.78–1.45 p = 0.7). There is no statistical significance on the rate of wound infection, wound leakage and peritonitis among coiled and straight tube in PD.
Holistic comparison of environmental barrier coating material candidates through design of a figure of merit
Authors: Ridley Mackenzie J. , Pinnisi Dominic J. , Opila Elizabeth J.
Published: March 2024

The first figure of merit for environmental barrier coating (EBC) materials was designed through a ranking system for material properties pertaining to established EBC failure modes in service. Seven past, present, and novel EBC candidate materials were used in the figure of merit design: SiO2, Ba0.75Sr0.25Al2Si2O8 (BSAS), HfSiO4, Yb2Si2O7, Yb2SiO5, Yb2O3, and YbPO4. Utilizing compiled data from the literature, the presented figure of merit verified Yb2Si2O7 as the state‐of‐the‐art candidate with optimal EBC properties and inferred that YbPO4 should be considered as a potentially viable EBC material candidate. The figure of merit allows for a holistic comparison of EBC candidates and informs experimental and computational search efforts for next‐generation complex EBCs. Clear knowledge gaps found through this work include CaO–MgO–Al2O3–SiO2 (CMAS)‐resistant coatings, EBC lifetimes before delamination, and oxidant diffusion rates in relevant EBC microstructures. It was shown that while some materials show promise for solving a single key failure mode for EBCs (i.e., CMAS reactivity), a community‐wide goal should be placed on materials development to achieve acceptable resistance against all major failure modes, which are interconnected. Novel compositionally complex EBC materials, in addition to layered EBC architectures, show promise for the optimization of material properties for long‐lifetime EBCs in combustion environments.
In vivo assessment of early effects of diamond‐tipped microdermabrasion through the lens of line‐field confocal optical coherence tomography
Authors: Razi Shazli , Truong Thu Minh , Khan Samavia , Sanabria Bianca , Rao Babar
Published: March 2024

Background

Microdermabrasion is a cosmetic procedure that has gained popularity for skin rejuvenation by causing repetitive intraepidermal injury to stimulate the proliferation of fibroblasts and collagen production. Various clinical studies have demonstrated microdermabrasion's effectiveness in skin rejuvenation; however, most of these studies rely on clinical observation and scoring by observers rather than histologic or microscopic analysis. In our single‐center prospective study, we used line‐field confocal optical coherence tomography (LC‐OCT), to non‐invasively visualize the early effects of one microdermabrasion treatment on the facial epidermal and dermal structure.

Aim

Using LC‐OCT, this study aims to elucidate the microscopic and histological effects of microdermabrasion on epidermal and dermal structures, including epidermal thickness, as well as collagen and vascular patterns.

Patients/Methods

Eight volunteers (Fitzpatrick skin types II–V) underwent one treatment of microdermabrasion. LC‐OCT and VISIA imaging were performed before and 10 min after microdermabrasion, and at 48‐h follow‐up. Subjective evaluations of skin texture and adverse reactions were assessed 1 week posttreatment via a telephone call.

Results

Compared to LC‐OCT images before treatment, images captured after one treatment of microdermabrasion showed a decrease in thickness and number of undulations in the stratum corneum. In the superficial dermis, enhancement in fibrillar collagen, as demonstrated by an increased prominence of crisscrossing hyper‐refractile strands, was visualized. This was consistent with subjective and objective improvement in facial rhytids calculated by VISIA skin analysis.

Conclusions

Treatment monitoring with LC‐OCT demonstrated consistent histopathological changes with clinical visual improvement. Therefore, LC‐OCT, has the potential to enable long‐term histopathological monitoring of microdermabrasion and other cosmetic procedures without biopsy.
Turkish validity and reliability of the Premenstrual Change Coping Inventory
Authors: Çetin Hatice Sarı , Erbil Nülüfer
Published: March 2024

Objective

This study was conducted to investigate the validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the Premenstrual Change Coping Inventory (PMS‐Cope).

Methods

A total of 170 women who met the inclusion criteria were included in the methodological study. Data were collected between the dates of November 5, 2018 and May 5, 2019 with personal information form, PMS‐Cope Turkish version, and Premenstrual Syndrome Scale.

Results

The PMS‐Cope was obtained through the translation‐back translation method and the content validity was obtained according to expert opinions. After the factor analysis, the Turkish version of the PMS‐Cope consisted of three sub‐dimensions as in the original scale. The factor loadings of the three‐dimensional scale ranged from 0.46 to 0.84, and the explained variance (60.329%) was at the desired level. As a result of structural equation modeling; ×2/SD values of the scale were found to be 4.19, GFI 0.93, AGFI 0.91, CFI 0.95, RMSEA 0.079, and SRMR 0.082, and this scale was acceptable. The Cronbach alpha coefficient of the PMS‐Cope was 0.86. It was determined that item‐total score correlations were higher than 0.30 in all items of PMS‐Cope and there was no need to remove items from the scale. When the mean scores of the lower 27% and upper 27% of the scale were compared, a statistically significant difference was found between the groups (p < 0.05). The PMS‐Cope score was 41.04 ± 8.99.

Conclusion

It was determined that the Turkish version of the PMS‐Cope was a valid and reliable measurement tool.
Practical approach to the child presenting with acute generalised weakness
Authors: Leung Rebecca , Yiu Eppie M
Published: March 2024

Acute generalised muscle weakness in children is a paediatric emergency with a broad differential diagnosis. A careful history and neurologic examination guides timely investigation and management. We review some of the more common causes of acute generalised muscle weakness in children, highlighting key history and examination findings, along with an approach to lesion localisation to guide differential diagnosis and further investigation.
Exploring the diagnostic accuracy and applicability of the Gugging Swallowing Screen in children with feeding and/or swallowing disorders
Authors: Georgiou Rafaella , Voniati Louiza , Papaleontiou Andri , Gryparis Alexandros , Ziavra Nafsika , Tafiadis Dionysios
Published: March 2024

Background

The Gugging Swallowing Screen (GUSS) is a bedside dysphagia screening tool that has been designed to determine the risk of aspiration in acute stroke patients. There is no evidence in the literature for the GUSS for the pediatric population. The present study aimed to determine the diagnostic accuracy of GUSS as a screening tool in the Greek language for children with dysphagia.

Methods

Eighty‐Greek‐Cypriot children aged 3–12 years who had dysphagia participated in this retrospective study. The translated into Greek GUSS was administered twice (pre‐ and post‐therapy) to each patient throughout 24 sessions of dysphagia therapy.

Key Results

The GUSS showed a high internal consistency (Cronbach's α = 0.826), good test–retest reliability (rs = 0.767), convergent validity compared to the Greek Pediatric Eating Assessment tool‐10 (PEDI‐EAT‐10) total score (rs = −0.365), and inter‐rater reliability (κ = 0.863). A total cutoff points equal to 13.00 was also calculated. Aspiration was identified by the GUSS with low sensitivity and high specificity (PPV 100%, NPV 57%, LR+ NA, LR− 0.79); dysphagia/penetration was identified with high sensitivity and low specificity (PPV 33%, NPV 100%, LR+ 0.102, LR− NA).

Conclusions & Inferences

The pediatric version of GUSS has been found to be a valuable tool in identifying the risk of aspiration as that of adults. It proved to be used as a good screening guide for selecting and confirming the existence of dysphagia from instrumental assessments. This is the first study of the pediatric version of GUSS, and future studies on this topic are needed.
Landscape correlates of sand racer species (Lacertidae; Psammodromus) segregation in their contact area along the Conquense Drove Road (Cuenca, Iberian Peninsula)
Authors: Malo Juan E. , Martín-Higuera Antonio , Mata Cristina , Azcárate Francisco M.
Published: March 2024

The Edwards’s sand racer (Psammodromus edwarsianus) was recognised as distinct from the Spanish sand racer (P. hispanicus) a decade ago, but both their distributions and interspecific range limits are poorly defined.  Results of sampling both species along 70km of the Conquense Drove Road (Central Spain) indicate a clear North/South segregation, with P. edwarsianus inhabiting the area North of Las Pedroñeras and P. hispanicus the South. The segregation corresponds with lithological and vegetation differences, hard calcareous substrates in the North and softer sandy sedimentary material in the South. The latter is associated with more intensive agricultural land-use in contrast to the persistence of copses and scrub on the calcareous terrain. The results provide new data on the regional distribution of both species. They also highlight the potential value of this species-pair as a model for study of interactions and habitat segregation in lacertids.
The dream machine
Authors: Cho Adrian
Published: March 2024

An accelerator known as a muon collider could revolutionize particle physics—if it can be built
Africa may lead rollout of long-lasting HIV drug
Authors: Cohen Jon
Published: March 2024

U.S. agency plans to make inexpensive prevention shots widely available for people at risk
“They helped me through the semester”: electronic instructor messages can foster the instructor-student relationship
Authors: Murray Courtney , Osterhage Jennifer
Published: March 2024

Building rapport between instructors and students is a challenge, especially in large classes and in online environments. Previous work has shown that non-content Instructor Talk can foster positive student-teacher relationships, but less is known about non-content talk in electronic instructor messages. Here, we used the established Instructor Talk framework to craft positively phrased electronic messages that were sent through the course’s learning management system to students enrolled in an introductory biology course at a large public institution. We examined both close- and open-ended survey responses (
n
= 226) to assess students’ perceptions of the electronic messages, the course, and their instructor. Of the established Instructor Talk categories, the building student/instructor relationship category was most memorable to students. Encouragingly, 61% of students indicated they “liked the course more” and 88% indicated they “liked the instructor more” in response to the electronic messages. This demonstrates that implementing positively phrased Instructor Talk into electronic communication is an effective way to build rapport between instructors and students.
Modular flavor symmetric models
Authors: Kobayashi Tatsuo , Tanimoto Morimitsu
Published: March 2024

We review the modular flavor symmetric models of quarks and leptons focusing on our works. We present some flavor models of quarks and leptons by using finite modular groups and discuss the phenomenological implications. The modular flavor symmetry gives interesting phenomena at the fixed point of modulus. As a representative, we show the successful texture structure at the fixed point [Formula: see text]. We also study CP violation, which occurs through the modulus stabilization. Finally, we study SMEFT with modular flavor symmetry by including higher dimensional operators.
Texture zeros for lepton flavor mixing
Authors: Zhou Shun
Published: March 2024

The strong mass hierarchy, flavor mixing pattern and CP violation in the quark sector have been long-standing puzzles in the Standard Model. Thanks to the elegant neutrino oscillation experiments in the past few decades, now we know that neutrinos are massive and lepton flavor mixing is significant. The flavor puzzles have extended to the lepton sector. In this article, we explain how the idea of texture zeros applies to understand lepton flavor mixing, and emphasize that it is particularly useful for exploring the underlying dynamics or symmetries for lepton flavor mixing.
Analysis of activation energy on the Johnson–Segalman nanofluid through an asymmetric microchannel: Numerical study
Authors: Magesh A. , Tamizharasi P. , Makinde O. D. , Srinivas S.
Published: March 2024

Activation energy and thermal radiation as a means of heat transfer are significant and fascinating phenomena for scientists and researchers because of their significance in cancer treatment. As a result, heat kills cancer cells and shrinks tumors, making hyperthermia therapy a cutting-edge cancer treatment. This paper examines the peristaltic motion of a Johnson–Segalman nanofluid across an asymmetric pliable microchannel under the impact of activation energy. We obtained the governing equations for the non-Newtonian nanofluid. Partial differential equations (PDEs) are reduced to ordinary differential equations (ODEs) under the assumption of large wavelengths and tiny Reynolds number assumptions. The flow patterns and trapping phenomena were numerically generated using the NDSolve command of the computational mathematical software Mathematica. The influence of important liquid parameters was examined with graphical representations of the results. The current study reveals an enhancement in the heat generation parameter, an enhancement in the temperature and a reduction in the concentration.
Knowledge-Based Effective Dispatch for Job Shop Scheduling
Authors: Ding Jiepin , Xia Jun , Ye Yutong , Ma Yuan , Chen Mingsong
Published: March 2024

Although Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) is promising in solving Job Shop Scheduling Problems (JSPs), existing DRL-based methods still have large optimality gaps when learning job-to-machine solutions. This is mainly because: (i) existing state representations autonomously learned from graph-structured data cannot fully capture node information to support agents in making optimal decisions; and (ii) existing reward functions cannot accurately reflect some actions that will seriously worsen the current state. Aiming to address these issues, we propose a knowledge-based DRL method that selects nine well-known priority dispatching rules (PDRs) as state features, which can achieve effective model training. To avoid feature over-redundancy, we discard significantly correlated features based on the Pearson correlation relationship analysis, which can help to identify the key factors that affect the agents’ decision-making. Furthermore, since it is difficult to design a reward function that can accurately distinguish actions, we mask poor-performing actions based on problem-specific knowledge to prevent them from being selected at the current decision point. Comprehensive experimental results demonstrate the superiority of our approach over four PDRs and four state-of-the-art methods on various benchmarks.
Expanding microscopic black holes
Authors: Kováčik Samuel
Published: March 2024

Two interesting hypotheses about black holes have been proposed. The older one states that microscopic black holes can be accountable for the observed dark matter density. The newer one states that black holes are coupled to the expansion of the universe. Here, we combine those ideas and investigate the behavior of expanding microscopic black holes. We observe two temperatures at which the radiation balances the expansion. While one of the balance points might be important in the analysis of primordial scenarios, the other would lead to a strong diffuse gamma radiation background, which is contradicted by the lack of observations. This establishes another indirect evidence disfavoring the hypothesis of cosmological coupling of black holes.
APPLICATION OF FRACTIONAL-ORDER INTEGRAL TRANSFORMS IN THE DIAGNOSIS OF ELECTRICAL SYSTEM CONDITIONS
Authors: CORTÉS CAMPOS H. M. , GÓMEZ-AGUILAR J. F. , ZÚÑIGA-AGUILAR C. J. , AVALOS-RUIZ L. F. , LAVÍN-DELGADO J. E.
Published: March 2024

This paper proposes a methodology for the diagnosis of electrical system conditions using fractional-order integral transforms for feature extraction. This work proposes three feature extraction algorithms using the Fractional Fourier Transform (FRFT), the Fourier Transform combined with the Mittag-Leffler function, and the Wavelet Transform (WT). Each algorithm extracts data from an electrical system to obtain a set of features that are classified by an Artificial Neural Network to determine the system’s condition. The algorithms are utilized in diagnosing two types of electrical machine faults, one in a photovoltaic system, and another in classifying the power quality disturbances (PQDs). An optimization algorithm is suggested to find the optimal orders of integral transforms. The obtained results demonstrate the system’s effective diagnosis, displaying superior performance in classifying the faults and PQDs with complex signals.
Successful Implementation of Disruptive Innovation by New Entrants: Modeling the Challenges Using Interpretive Structural Modelling
Authors: Ganguly Anirban , Farr John V.
Published: March 2024

Successful implementation of disruptive innovation involves numerous challenges, especially for new entrants. This study tries to identify and analyze a set of critical challenges that might plague a new entrant to successfully implement disruptive innovation. Multicriteria decision-making (MCDM) technique of Interpretive Structural Modeling (ISM) was used to analyze the identified challenges, as well as to derive their interrelationship. The study was conducted in the context of the Indian manufacturing sector. The findings revealed that the lack of financial resources, lack of non-financial resources, and lack of top management support emerged as the three key challenges impeding disruptive innovation for manufacturing organizations in India. The motivation–opportunity–ability (MOA) model served as the basic theoretical underpinning for the study. The findings of the study are expected to help managers and policymakers to understand possible challenges associated with the implementation of disruptive innovation, and to develop counter strategies accordingly.
Transdisciplinary Skills for AI Ecosystems: Using Future Visioning to Collaboratively Unpack Skills in UK Health and Emergency Response Scenarios
Authors: Bentley Caitlin , Rigley Eryn , Krook Joshua , Ramchurn Sarvapali D.
Published: March 2024

Transdisciplinary practices in artificial intelligence (AI) requires good methodological techniques to bring researchers together from diverse disciplines. Different fields and traditions each may have an impact on the greater AI ecosystem, however, to properly gauge this impact, and include diverse voices, research methodologies must evolve to adopt new methods and techniques. To understand the shifting demands for new skills, we conducted a transdisciplinary workshop, bringing together stakeholders from industry, government and academia, by engaging with scenarios in healthcare and emergency response, using future visioning to imagine new skill requirements across job roles. We found that future visioning was a useful methodology to help frame discussions in a manner conducive to eliciting qualitative evidence of different policy approaches. Beyond individual skills, we propose the Human-AI Synergy Matrix as a collaborative competency framework, which integrates technical, professional, and strategic skills with levels of engagement such as awareness, communication, synergy, governance, and transformation. The matrix aims to facilitate evaluation and understanding of skills and critical issues in human-AI collaboration within AI ecosystems, emphasizing the need to address broader challenges in an interconnected manner.
Optimization of 2D Irregular Packing: Deep Reinforcement Learning with Dense Reward
Authors: Crescitelli Viviana , Oshima Takashi
Published: March 2024

This paper introduces a method to solve the 2D irregular packing problem using Deep Reinforcement Learning (Deep RL) for logistics. Our method employs a Q agent trained to predict the best placement within a container, maximizing available space. Unlike previous Deep RL algorithms, our method introduces a dense reward function at each packing step, providing immediate feedback and accelerating learning. To our knowledge, this is the first approach to use a dense reward to address the 2D irregular packing problem. Building on our earlier work, we improve the deep neural network by incorporating the Double Deep Q-Network (DDQN) framework to enhance our deep Q-learning approach, reducing overestimation biases and improving decision-making reliability. Simulation results show the method’s effectiveness in completing the online 2D irregular packing tasks, achieving promising volume efficiency and packed piece metrics. This research extends our initial findings, highlighting the practical importance of DDQN and dense reward in advancing 2D irregular packing problem-solving. These advancements not only broaden the applications of deep learning but also hold practical importance for real-world logistics challenges.
Anomaly Detection using Generative Adversarial Networks
Reviewing methodological progress and challenges
Authors: Lüer Fiete , Bohm Christian
Published: March 2024

The applications of Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) are just as diverse as their architectures, problem settings as well as challenges. A key area of research on GANs is anomaly detection where they are most often utilized when only the data of one class is readily available.

In this work, we organize, summarize and compare key concepts and challenges of anomaly detection based on GANs. Common problems which have to be investigated to progress the applicability of GANs are identified and discussed. This includes stability and time requirements during training as well as inference, the restriction of the latent space to produce solely data from the normal class distribution, contaminated training data as well as the composition of the resulting anomaly detection score. We discuss the problems using existing work as well as possible (partial) solutions, including related work from similar areas of research such as related generative models or novelty detection. Our findings are also relevant for a variety of closely related generative modeling approaches, such as autoencoders, and are of interest for areas of research tangent to anomaly detection such as image inpainting or image translation.
Securing the Transmission While Enhancing the Reliability of Communication Using Network Coding in Block-Wise Transfer of CoAP
Authors: Halloush Mohammed D.
Published: March 2024

The practical employment of network coding (NC) has shown major improvements when it comes to the transmission reliability of sender data and bandwidth utilization. Moreover, network coding has been employed recently to secure the transmission of data and prevent unauthorized recovery of sender packets. In this paper, we employ network coding (NC) in a practical way in networks with constrained resources with the goal of improving the reliability and security of data transfer. More specifically, we apply NC on the recent options of block-wise transfer (BWT) of the constrained application protocol (CoAP). The goal is to enhance the reliability of CoAP when used to transfer larger data blocks using BWT. Also, we employ an innovative homomorphic encryption approach to secure the BWT of CoAP.
Figure S8 from MARCH2, a Novel Oncogene-regulated SNAIL E3 Ligase, Suppresses Triple-negative Breast Cancer Metastases
Authors: Ito Koichi , Harada Ibuki , Martinez Criseyda , Sato Katsutoshi , Lee EunJee , Port Elisa , Byerly Jessica H. , Nayak Anupma , Tripathi Ekta , Zhu Jun , Irie Hanna Y.
Published: March 2024

Figure S8 shows effect of MARCH2 shRNA expression on growth of MDA-MB231 cells
Figure S7 from MARCH2, a Novel Oncogene-regulated SNAIL E3 Ligase, Suppresses Triple-negative Breast Cancer Metastases
Authors: Ito Koichi , Harada Ibuki , Martinez Criseyda , Sato Katsutoshi , Lee EunJee , Port Elisa , Byerly Jessica H. , Nayak Anupma , Tripathi Ekta , Zhu Jun , Irie Hanna Y.
Published: March 2024

Figure S7 shows effect of MARCH2 overexpression on primary tumor growth of MDA-MB231 LM2-4 primary xenografts
Figure S1 from MARCH2, a Novel Oncogene-regulated SNAIL E3 Ligase, Suppresses Triple-negative Breast Cancer Metastases
Authors: Ito Koichi , Harada Ibuki , Martinez Criseyda , Sato Katsutoshi , Lee EunJee , Port Elisa , Byerly Jessica H. , Nayak Anupma , Tripathi Ekta , Zhu Jun , Irie Hanna Y.
Published: March 2024

Figure S1 shows Kaplan-Meier curves associated with EMT driver genes
FIGURE 4 from MARCH2, a Novel Oncogene-regulated SNAIL E3 Ligase, Suppresses Triple-negative Breast Cancer Metastases
Authors: Ito Koichi , Harada Ibuki , Martinez Criseyda , Sato Katsutoshi , Lee EunJee , Port Elisa , Byerly Jessica H. , Nayak Anupma , Tripathi Ekta , Zhu Jun , Irie Hanna Y.
Published: March 2024

MARCH2 promotes ubiquitination and downregulation of SNAIL. A, HA-tagged WT, but not RING domain–mutant (W97A), MARCH2 downregulates SNAIL levels in MDA-MB-231 cells. B, MARCH2 coprecipitates with SNAIL in MDA-MB-231 cells coexpressing FLAG-SNAIL and HA-MARCH2. C, WT, but not RING domain– or transmembrane domain–mutant, MARCH2 ubiquitinates SNAIL. FLAG-Snail was immunoprecipitated from MDA-MB-231 cells coexpressing FLAG-Snail, HA-Ubiquitin and GST-tagged MARCH2 constructs. Immunoprecipitates were blotted with antibodies to HA to assess ubiquitination. D, MARCH2 ubiquitinates SNAIL in in vitro ubiquitination assay. Reactions were performed with recombinant SNAIL (Myc-tagged) in the presence of ubiquitin, recombinant E1 (UBE1), recombinant E2 (UBE2D3) and/or recombinant MARCH2.
FIGURE 3 from MARCH2, a Novel Oncogene-regulated SNAIL E3 Ligase, Suppresses Triple-negative Breast Cancer Metastases
Authors: Ito Koichi , Harada Ibuki , Martinez Criseyda , Sato Katsutoshi , Lee EunJee , Port Elisa , Byerly Jessica H. , Nayak Anupma , Tripathi Ekta , Zhu Jun , Irie Hanna Y.
Published: March 2024

MARCH2 is a novel PTK6-regulated SNAIL E3 ligase. A, Schema of siRNA screening strategy used to identify PTK6-regulated SNAIL E3 ligases. B, MARCH2 siRNA (SMART Pool) identified as top candidate siRNA that restores SNAIL expression in P21d-treated MDA-MB-231/SNAIL- Luciferase cells by Western analysis. C, MARCH2 siRNA (SMART POOL or individual) prevents P21d-induced SNAIL downregulation in MDA-MB-231 cells.
Fungal Keratitis Post-FemtoLASIK: A Novel Therapeutic Approach with LASIK Flap Autograft and Penetrating Keratoplasty: A Case Report
Authors: Lee Jackson Chee Chea , Shah Yachana Vaibhav , Gooding Hannah Kathleen , Barrett Graham David
Published: March 2024

Introduction: This case report describes a rare case of fungal keratitis following femtoLASIK. Despite targetted antifungal therapy, this case necessitated an innovative surgical approach to manage an unexpected corneal perforation. Case Presentation: A 35-year-old male presented 3 weeks post-femtoLASIK for myopic astigmatism with discomfort and reduced vision in his right eye. He was diagnosed with fungal keratitis surgery caused by Purpureocillium lilacinum and was treated with a myriad of therapy. Unfortunately, the patient developed corneal perforation during flap lift and flap bed irrigation. An innovative approach involving a tectonic autograft using a viable LASIK flap, followed by prompt penetrating keratoplasty, was utilised. Conclusion: This technique was effective and able to mitigate the progression to an open globe.
Entre o esquecimento e a resistência: a luta pela preservação das ruínas da Igreja de São José do Queimado.
Authors: Furtado Henrique Sepulchro
Published: March 2024

This article discusses the trajectory of preservation of the Ruins of the Church of São José do Queimado, in Serra, Espírito Santo. For this, it produces a reflection on the old district of the capital of Espírito Santo, as well as the oblivion and invisibility of its ruins that may be related to a conception of heritage forged in 1937 with the creation of SPHAN. With this, we seek to highlight the understanding that the fight for the preservation of a cultural heritage can move individuals to recognize themselves as historical subjects in the search for the recognition of rights.
Patrimônio edificado e iluminação artificial externa: o caso do Convento da Penha, Vila Velha, Espírito Santo
Authors: Torres Rebeca Wright , Arcipreste Cláudia Maria , Aguiar Tito Flávio Rodrigues de
Published: March 2024

Considerando a importância do projeto de iluminação nas intervenções em bens do patrimônio cultural edificado, este artigo busca compreender as premissas de projeto adotadas para a iluminação monumental de edificações e conjuntos arquitetônicos, bem como entender o papel da iluminação artificial na valorização e preservação dos mesmos. O objeto de estudo é o Convento da Penha, em Vila Velha, Espírito Santo, conjunto edificado a partir do século XVI, que teve um novo projeto de iluminação externa implementado em 2018. O trabalho baseou-se em estudo de caso, com coleta de dados por meio de análise documental, entrevistas com profissionais envolvidos no projeto e observações in loco. Foi possível compreender o processo da intervenção, analisando-o segundo três funções inerentes à preservação: a sustentabilidade, a comunicação e a valorização. A sustentabilidade das práticas projetuais aplicadas tem como premissa  a conservação simbólica do monumento para a sociedade contemporânea sem comprometer a interpretação das futuras gerações, garantindo-se que estas terão a oportunidade de fazer sua própria leitura. A comunicação tem o papel de evidenciar as características principais do bem, guiando e facilitando a leitura do observador, ao refletir a história ali contada. A valorização é o resultado das funções anteriores, quando bem aplicadas, viabilizando o uso do edifício, fortalecendo o interesse da comunidade em sua utilização e manutenção. A partir da pesquisa realizada, apresentam-se diretrizes para futuros processos de projeto de iluminação artificial voltados para bens do patrimônio cultural edificado.
Teatro de grupo como patrimônio imaterial do município de São Paulo
Authors: Franzolin Caio Sérgio de Castro Armada Floret , Scifoni Simone
Published: March 2024

Today, in the city of São Paulo, Group Theater stands as a fundamental element of the local culture, an intangible heritage officially recognized through its designation as a Form of Expression in 2014 by the municipal authority. Presently, there are over 200 organized, independent, and inter-connected collectives actively engaged in diverse regions across the city, in order to protect its status as an intangible heritage, a Safeguard Plan has been devised. The plan is rooted in the conceptualization and historical context of these cultural practices, encompassing an extensive survey of activities within the city, the objective is to formulate measures ensuring the continuity of these practices over time. This article presents the reasons that led to the creation of this document, highlighting the methodological approach employed and emphasizing its significance in fortifying public policies dedicated to the preservation of cultural heritage.
Knocking Out Sodium Glucose–Linked Transporter 5 Prevents Fructose-Induced Renal Oxidative Stress and Salt-Sensitive Hypertension
Authors: Forester Beau R. , Zhang Ronghao , Schuhler Brett , Brostek Autumn , Gonzalez-Vicente Agustin , Garvin Jeffrey L.
Published: March 2024

BACKGROUND:

A fructose high-salt (FHS) diet increases systolic blood pressure and Ang II (angiotensin II)–stimulated proximal tubule (PT) superoxide (O
2
−
) production. These increases are prevented by scavenging O
2
−
or an Ang II type 1 receptor antagonist. SGLT4 (sodium glucose-linked cotransporters 4) and SGLT5 are implicated in PT fructose reabsorption, but their roles in fructose-induced hypertension are unclear. We hypothesized that PT fructose reabsorption by SGLT5 initiates a genetic program enhancing Ang II–stimulated oxidative stress in males and females, thereby causing fructose-induced salt-sensitive hypertension.

METHODS:

We measured systolic blood pressure in male and female Sprague-Dawley (wild type [WT]), SGLT4 knockout (
−/−
), and SGLT5
−/−
rats. Then, we measured basal and Ang II–stimulated (37 nmol/L) O
2
−
production by PTs and conducted gene coexpression network analysis.

RESULTS:

In male WT and female WT rats, FHS increased systolic blood pressure by 15±3 (n=7;
P
<0.0027) and 17±4 mm Hg (n=9;
P
<0.0037), respectively. Male and female SGLT4
−/−
had similar increases. Systolic blood pressure was unchanged by FHS in male and female SGLT5
−/−
. In male WT and female WT fed FHS, Ang II stimulated O
2
−
production by 14±5 (n=6;
P
<0.0493) and 8±3 relative light units/µg protein/s (n=7;
P
<0.0218), respectively. The responses of SGTL4
−/−
were similar. Ang II did not stimulate O
2
−
production in tubules from SGLT5
−/−
. Five gene coexpression modules were correlated with FHS. These correlations were completely blunted in SGLT5
−/−
and partially blunted by chronically scavenging O
2
−
with tempol.

CONCLUSIONS:

SGLT5-mediated PT fructose reabsorption is required for FHS to augment Ang II–stimulated proximal nephron O
2
−
production, and increases in PT oxidative stress likely contribute to FHS-induced hypertension.
George McCready Price and Seventh-Day Adventism’s Influence on the Rise of Modern Creationism
Authors: Ruud Niq
Published: March 2024

Self-taught geologist and early convert to Seventh-day Adventism, George McCready Price played a significant, yet largely overlooked role in the rise of the modern creationist movement—and, to some degree, can be seen as the lynchpin leading to mainstream adoption of literal readings of the Christian scriptures. Influenced greatly by the writings of Ellen White, the prophetess of the Adventist movement, Price developed his ideas on flood geology which eventually became a cornerstone of creationist thinking. Price’s commitment to biblical literalism, influenced by White’s visions, shaped his worldview and led him to reconcile his interest in geology with the Adventist model of Earth’s history. His central argument for creationism was based on his belief in a worldwide flood, as described in the biblical narrative, which he saw as having shaped most of the Earth’s geological features. Although Price’s contributions were initially overlooked, his ideas gained prominence through the work of John Whitcomb and Henry Morris, who popularized his concepts in their influential book, The Genesis Flood. Price’s effect on modern creationism highlights the intersection of fundamentalist Christianity, particularly Adventism, with the evolving tension between theology and science in the 20th Century.
Shadowing Stroke Patients to Explore the Rehabilitation Built Environment: Approach, Insights, and Lessons Learned
Authors: Kevdzija Maja
Published: March 2024

Shadowing is a research method that combines observing events and short on-the-go interviews to investigate people’s roles and behaviours in various settings. Even though it is not a widely used method in architectural research, it can be adapted to focus on the interaction of individuals with the built environment. This is especially important in healthcare environments, where people are vulnerable and more dependent on their surroundings. In this article, I reflect on the experience of adapting and using the shadowing method to explore stroke inpatients’ interactions with the built environment during their recovery in rehabilitation centres. This research study was the first to employ shadowing in the stroke patient population on such a large scale. One day (12 consecutive hours) was spent with each of the 70 participating stroke inpatients, recording their interactions with the built environment in different forms – on the floor plans, as narrative descriptions, creating sketches of situations and noting down patients’ remarks. This method was useful in capturing the built environment’s role in patients’ daily experiences in rehabilitation centres. Research in healthcare facilities includes various challenges, and close contact with the patient population of older adults with stroke introduces numerous unexpected events and ethical dilemmas in the field. At the same time, this method provides research insights that would otherwise be unobtainable. Researchers are given practical information and recommendations on how to prepare for using shadowing for architectural research and what to expect in the field.