bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Use of Complementary and Alternative Therapies: A National Survey of Critical Care Nurses
Authors: Tracy Mary Fran , Lindquist Ruth , Savik Kay , Watanuki Shigeaki , Sendelbach Sue , Kreitzer Mary Jo , Berman Brian
Published: April 2020

• Background Demand for complementary and alternative therapies is increasing and is affecting all healthcare settings, including critical care.

• Methods A random sample of members of the American Association of Critical-Care Nurses was surveyed to determine the members’ attitudes, knowledge, perspectives, and use of complementary and alternative therapies.

• Results Most of the 726 respondents were using one or more complementary and alternative therapies in practice. The most common therapies used were diet, exercise, relaxation techniques, and prayer. A majority of the nurses had some knowledge of more than half of the 28 therapies listed on the survey, and a majority desired additional training for 25 therapies. Respondents generally required more evidence judged as essential to use or recommend conventional therapy than to use or recommend complementary and alternative therapies. Nurses viewed complementary and alternative therapies positively overall, were open to use of the therapies, and perceived them as legitimate and beneficial to patients. Nurses judged the therapies helpful for treatment of a variety of symptoms. A majority of nurses desired an increase in the availability of the therapies for patients, patients’ families, and nursing staff. Nurses’ professional use of the therapies was related to having more knowledge of them, perceiving benefits of them, total number of therapies they recommended to patients, personal use, and affiliation with a mainstream religion.

• Conclusions Educational programs that provide information about use of complementary and alternative therapies and the underlying evidence base most likely will increase the appropriate use of the therapies to achieve desired outcomes.
Effects of Critical Care Nurses’ Work Hours on Vigilance and Patients’ Safety
Authors: Scott Linda D. , Rogers Ann E. , Hwang Wei-Ting , Zhang Yawei
Published: April 2020

• Background To minimize the occurrence of adverse events among patients, critical care nurses must be alert to subtle changes in patients’ conditions, perform accurate clinical assessments, and respond expediently. However, little is known about the effects of the nurses’ work hours on vigilance and patients’ safety.

• Objectives To describe the work patterns of critical care nurses, determine if an association exists between the occurrence of errors and the hours worked by the nurses, and explore whether these work hours have adverse effects on the nurses’ vigilance.

• Methods Data were obtained from a random sample of critical care nurses in the United States. Nurses eligible for the study were mailed two 14-day logbooks to fill out. Information collected included the hours worked, the time of day worked, overtime hours, days off, and sleep-wake patterns. On days worked, the respondents completed all work-related questions and questions about difficulties in remaining awake while on duty. Space was provided for descriptions of any errors or near errors that might have occurred. On days off, the nurses completed only those questions about sleep-wake patterns, mood, and caffeine intake.

• Results The 502 respondents consistently worked longer than scheduled and for extended periods. Longer work duration increased the risk of errors and near errors and decreased nurses’ vigilance.

• Conclusions The findings support the Institute of Medicine recommendations to minimize the use of 12-hour shifts and to limit nurses’ work hours to no more than 12 consecutive hours during a 24-hour period.
Quality of Life and Psychological Status of Patients With Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillators
Authors: Thomas Sue Ann , Friedmann Erika , Kao Chi-Wen , Inguito Pia , Metcalf Matthew , Kelley Frances J. , Gottlieb Steven S.
Published: April 2020

• Background Implantable cardioverter defibrillators reduce mortality in patients at high risk for sudden cardiac death and in patients with heart failure. Patients with defibrillators often experience psychological distress and poor quality of life, which can potentiate pathological processes that increase the risk for sudden cardiac death. To achieve the full benefits of the defibrillators, patients must maintain their psychological status and quality of life.

• Objectives To review the research on psychological status and quality of life of patients with implantable cardioverter defibrillators and suggest nursing interventions to improve the patients’ health.

• Method Searches of PubMed were used to find articles on depression, anxiety, and quality of life in patients with implantable cardioverter defibrillators.

• Results Poor quality of life is associated with anxiety and depression in patients with implantable cardioverter defibrillators. Discharges of the devices have adverse consequences for patients’ psychological status and quality of life. Younger patients are at highest risk for psychological distress and poor quality of life after implantation. Longitudinal research would facilitate determining the course of the changes in psychological status and quality of life during the time patients have the defibrillators. More intensive intervention may be necessary for the most vulnerable recipients: patients who are young, have experienced shocks, and are in psychological distress.

• Conclusions Poor quality of life and depression are common in patients with implantable cardioverter defibrillators. Nursing interventions to reduce psychological distress and improve quality of life may reduce morbidity and mortality in these patients. Additional research is needed to determine effective interventions.
Degree-day models to predict carrot weevil (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) emergence and oviposition in Nova Scotia, Canada
Authors: Blatt Suzanne , Augustine Joseph Deney , Cutler G. Christopher , Olson A. Randall , White Scott
Published: April 2020

Carrot weevil, Listronotus oregonensis (LeConte) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), is a pest of carrot (Daucus carota var. sativus Hoffmann; Apiaceae) throughout eastern Canada. Carrot weevil emergence and oviposition were monitored in commercial carrot fields in Nova Scotia. Cumulative degree days were calculated using a base temperature of 7 °C (DD7), and models were developed to predict cumulative emergence and oviposition using nonlinear regression. Cumulative emergence and oviposition were adequately explained as functions of DD7 by a three-parameter sigmoidal Hill equation. Our emergence model predicted initial and peak adult emergence at 35 and 387 DD7, respectively, with oviposition on carrot baits occurring as early as 42 DD7. Models were then validated to evaluate how well they performed. Oviposition on carrot plants began at the fourth true-leaf stage (342 DD7) and continued until eleventh true-leaf stage. Growers using these models can identify their window of opportunity to manage their carrot weevil populations targeting the majority of emerged adults before oviposition begins in the field.
Growth projections against set-target of renewable energy and resultant impact on emissions reduction in India
Authors: Chabhadiya Karan , Ranjan Srivastava Rajiv , Pathak Pankaj
Published: April 2020

In accordance with the Paris Climate Agreement (COP21) and Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), India is greatly focused on deployment of renewable energy (RE) for supplementing the energy requirements of the country. The present article assesses the validity of the promises offered by RE technologies in India and its necessary action to understand the gap between setting goals and the ground situation, which can also show a pathway to other developing countries. Therefore, the long-term projection perspectives on RE growth have been made using the India Energy Security Scenario-2047. In order to achieve the set target for emissions reduction of greenhouse gases (GHGs) i.e., 1209 MT CO2e in support of SDGs to the 2005 level by 2030, three renewable growth scenarios have been tested for transitioning the Indian energy system. Accordingly, the regression analysis reveals that the most desirable growth scenario will require a steady rise of RE contribution in the overall energy mix of India by 2030 from the current ~21% to 68% of the installed capacity. In this view, the present study highlights the exploration of new alternatives in long-term energy planning, and less on one-sided scenario to achieve the emissions’ reduction target.
Quantification and evaluation of atmospheric ammonia emissions with different methods: a case study for the Yangtze River Delta region, China
Authors: Zhao Yu , Yuan Mengchen , Huang Xin , Chen Feng , Zhang Jie
Published: April 2020

Abstract. To explore the effects of data and method on emission estimation, two
inventories of NH3 emissions of the Yangtze River Delta (YRD) region in
eastern China were developed for 2014 based on constant emission factors
(E1) and those characterizing agricultural processes (E2).
The latter derived the monthly emission factors and activity data
integrating the local information of soil, meteorology, and agricultural
processes. The total emissions were calculated to be 1765 and 1067 Gg with E1 and E2, respectively, and clear differences existed in seasonal and spatial
distributions. Elevated emissions were found in March and September in E2,
attributed largely to the increased top dressing fertilization and to the
enhanced NH3 volatilization under high temperature, respectively.
A relatively large discrepancy between the inventories existed in the northern YRD
with abundant croplands. With the estimated emissions 38 % smaller in E2,
the average of simulated NH3 concentrations with an air quality model
using E2 was 27 % smaller than that using E1 at two ground sites in the YRD.
At the suburban site in Pudong, Shanghai
(SHPD), the simulated NH3 concentrations with E1
were generally larger than observations, and the modeling performance was
improved, indicated by the smaller normalized mean errors (NMEs) when E2 was applied. In contrast,
very limited improvement was found at the urban site JSPAES, as E2 failed to
improve the emission estimation of transportation and residential
activities. Compared to NH3, the modeling performance for inorganic
aerosols was better for most cases, and the differences between the
simulated concentrations with E1 and E2 were clearly smaller, at 7 %,
3 %, and 12 % (relative to E1) for NH4+, SO42-, and
NO3-, respectively. Compared to the satellite-derived NH3
column, application of E2 significantly corrected the overestimation in
vertical column density for January and October with E1, but it did not improve
the model performance for July. The NH3 emissions might be
underestimated with the assumption of linear correlation between NH3
volatilization and soil pH for acidic soil, particularly in warm seasons.
Three additional cases, i.e., 40 % abatement of SO2, 40 % abatement
of NOx, and 40 % abatement of both species, were applied to test the
sensitivity of NH3 and inorganic aerosol concentrations to precursor
emissions. Under an NH3-rich condition, estimation of SO2
emissions was detected to be more effective on simulation of secondary
inorganic aerosols compared to NH3. Reduced SO2 would restrain the
formation of (NH4)2SO4 and thereby enhance the NH3
concentrations. To improve the air quality more effectively and efficiently,
NH3 emissions should be substantially controlled along with SO2
and NOx in the future.
A test of the ability of current bulk optical models to represent the radiative properties of cirrus cloud across the mid-and far-infrared
Authors: Bantges Richard J. , Brindley Helen E. , Murray Jonathan E. , Last Alan E. , Fox Cathryn , Fox Stuart , Harlow Chawn , O'Shea Sebastian J. , Bower Keith N. , Baum Bryan A. , Yang Ping , Pickering Juliet C.
Published: April 2020

Abstract. Measurements of mid- to far-infrared nadir radiances obtained from the UK Facility for Airborne Atmospheric Measurements (FAAM) BAe-146 aircraft during the Cirrus Coupled Cloud-Radiation Experiment (CIRCCREX) are used to assess the performance of various ice cloud bulk optical (single-scattering) property models. Through use of a minimisation approach, we find that the simulations can reproduce the observed spectra in the mid-infrared to within measurement uncertainty but are unable to simultaneously match the observations over the far-infrared frequency range. When both mid and far-infrared observations are used to minimise residuals, first order estimates of the flux differences between the best performing simulations and observations indicate a strong compensation effect between the mid and far infrared such that the absolute broadband difference is
Dansgaard–Oeschger-like events of the penultimate climate cycle: the loess point of view
Authors: Rousseau Denis-Didier , Antoine Pierre , Boers Niklas , Lagroix France , Ghil Michael , Lomax Johanna , Fuchs Markus , Debret Maxime , Hatté Christine , Moine Olivier , Gauthier Caroline , Jordanova Diana , Jordanova Neli
Published: April 2020

Abstract. The global character of the millennial-scale climate variability associated with the Dansgaard–Oeschger (DO) events in Greenland has been well-established for the last glacial cycle. Mainly due to the sparsity of
reliable data, however, the spatial coherence of corresponding variability
during the penultimate cycle is less clear. New investigations of European
loess records from Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 6 reveal the occurrence of alternating loess intervals and paleosols (incipient soil horizons), similar to those from the last climatic cycle. These paleosols are correlated, based on their stratigraphical position and numbers as well as available optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dates, with interstadials described in various Northern Hemisphere records and in GLt_syn, the synthetic 800 kyr record of Greenland ice core δ18O. Therefore, referring to the interstadials described in the record of the last climate cycle in European loess sequences, the four MIS 6 interstadials can confidently be interpreted as DO-like events of the penultimate climate cycle. Six more interstadials are identified from proxy measurements performed on the same interval, leading to a total of 10 interstadials with a DO-like event status. The statistical similarity between the millennial-scale loess–paleosol oscillations during the last and penultimate climate cycle provides direct empirical evidence that the cycles of the penultimate cycle are indeed of the same nature as the DO cycles originally discovered for the last glacial cycle. Our results thus imply that their underlying cause and global imprint were characteristic of at least the last two climate cycles.
Free–Surface Flow as a Variational Inequality (evolve_glacier v1.1): Numerical Aspects of a Glaciological Application
Authors: Wirbel Anna , Jarosch Alexander Helmut
Published: April 2020

Abstract. Like any gravitationally driven flow that is not constrained at the upper surface, glaciers and ice sheets feature a free-surface, which becomes a free boundary problem within simulations. A kinematic boundary condition is often used to describe the evolution of this free-surface. However, in the case of glaciers and ice sheets, the naturally occurring constraint that the ice surface elevation (S) can not fall below the bed topography (B), (S-B > = 0) in combination with a non-zero mass balance rate complicates the matter substantially. We present an open-source numerical simulation framework to simulate the free-surface evolution of glaciers that directly incorporates this natural constraint. It is based on the finite element software package FEniCS solving the Stokes equations for ice flow and a suitable transport equation, i.e. 'kinematic boundary condition', for the free-surface evolution. The evolution of the free--surface is treated as a variational inequality, constrained by the bedrock underlying the glacier or the topography of the surrounding ground. To solve this problem, the 'constrained' non--linear problem solving capabilities of PETSc's SNES interface are used. As the constraint is considered in the solving process, this approach does not require any ad-hoc post-processing steps to enforce no--negativity of ice thickness as well as mass conservation. The simulation framework provides the possibility to partition the computational domain so that individual forms of the relevant equations can be solved for different subdomains all at once. In the presented setup, this is used to distinguish between glacierized and ice-free regions. The option to chose different time discretizations, spatial stabilisation schemes and adaptive mesh refinement make it a versatile tool for glaciological applications. We present a set of benchmark tests that highlight the simulation framework is able to reproduce the free-surface evolution of complex geometries under different conditions for which it is mass conserving and numerically stable. Real--world glacier examples demonstrate high resolution change in glacier geometry due to fully-resolved 3D velocities and spatially variable mass balance rate, whereby realistic glacier recession and advance states can be simulated. Additionally, we provide a thorough analysis of different spatial stabilisation techniques as well as time discretization methods. We discuss their applicability and suitability for different glaciological applications.
USO DE BIXINA NA DIETA DE FRANGOS DE CORTE E SEUS EFEITOS NO DESEMPENHO ZOOTÉCNICO E QUALIDADE DA CARNE
Authors: Golin Luiggi Fabiana Golin , Dante Gavasso Pacheco Peterson , Mondini Calil Racanicci Aline , De Souza Miranda Muynarsk Elisângela , Fasanaro Ricardo , Sartori José Roberto
Published: April 2020

A bixina é o principal carotenóide presente na semente de urucum (Bixa orellana). O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a inclusão de níveis crescentes de bixina na dieta de frangos de corte e seus efeitos sobre o desempenho zootécnico e características da carne. Foram utilizados 750 pintos de um dia de idade, Cobb 500, distribuídos em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com cinco tratamentos, cada um com seis repetições de vinte e cinco aves cada. Os tratamentos consistiram em aumentar os níveis dietéticos (0,0, 7,14, 14,28, 21,42 e 35,71 g/kg) de extrato oleoso de urucum (EOU) considerando a concentração de bixina (7%), visando fornecer 0,0, 0,5, 1,0, 1,5 e 2,5 g/kg de bixina na dieta, respectivamente. Foram avaliados os parâmetros de desempenho (ganho de peso, consumo de ração, conversão alimentar, fator de de eficiência produtiva e viabilidade), qualidade de carne (pH, cor, perda de água por exsudação-PPE, perda de água por cocção-PPC e força de cisalhamento-FC), níveis de colesterol e oxidação da carne. Observou-se aumento linear nos valores de b* (intensidade de amarelo) com a inclusão de bixina. A adição de 0,10% de bixina dieta reduziu a perda de peso por cocção e a adição de 0,15% reduziu a força de cisalhamento. Apesar de não ter sido observada diferença estatística, a adição de 0,25% de bixina na dieta dos frangos de corte reduziu numericamente o teor de colesterol na carne de peito. A inclusão de 0,25% de bixina na dieta apresentou efeito antioxidante na carne de coxa das aves, 10 dias após o cozimento. A adição de bixina à dieta de frangos de corte apresentou efeitos positivos na qualidade da carne, em parâmetros que afetam diretamente na decisão de compra do consumidor, e atividade antioxidante nas carnes de peito e coxa.
Impact of Agricultural Programs on Youth Engagement in Agribusiness in Nigeria: A Case Study
Authors: Adeyanju Dolapo F. , Mburu John , Mignouna Djana
Published: April 2020

Using the case of Fadama Graduate Unemployed Youth and Women Support (FGUYS) program, this study assessed the impact of agricultural programs on youth engagement in agribusiness in Nigeria. A total of 977 respondents comprising of 455 participants of the program and 522 non-participants were sampled across three states in Nigeria. Data were analysed using Descriptive and Endogenous Switching Probit Regression (ESPR) Model. The result showed that participation in the program was influenced by age, years of formal education, perception of agricultural programs and type of employment. Furthermore, the results showed a positive impact of the program on youths’ likelihood to engage in agribusiness. The study recommends the need to invest more in agricultural programs such as the case study since it has desirable economic outcome for young people. Also, there is a need to improve the general outlook of agriculture such that it becomes more attractive to young people.
The EU Customs Union after Brexit
Authors: de Wit Walter
Published: April 2020

The EU Customs Union after Brexit

In this contribution the author examines how, from a customs perspective, the integrity of the internal market is protected after the transitional phase under the Revised Protocol on Ireland/Northern Ireland. He briefly discusses the customs aspects of the Withdrawal Agreement and then examines in depth the revised arrangement with regard to the Irish border in light of the protection of the integrity of the internal market. He shows that the revised arrangement cleared the Brexit deal through parliament and paved the UK’s way to leave the EU on 31 January 2020. He concludes, however, that given the complexity of the legislation underlying the revised arrangement, the UK will be paying a high price for getting Brexit done, keeping the Irish border open and protecting the integrity of the internal market of the EU.
The Application of Fluoride in Dental Caries
Authors: Sun Haiyang , Luo Feng , Wan Qianbing
Published: April 2020

The most efficient way to prevent caries is by using fluoridated dental products. Fluoride can reduce enamel demineralization and promote enamel remineralization. In terms of prevention, the topical application of fluoride is accessible, which includes fluoride toothpaste, fluoride varnish, fluoride gel, and mouth rinse. Besides, the application of fluoride is systematical. In some countries, fluoride is added into water, salt, or milk. Fluoride is also used for the medical treatment of early dental caries. However, fluoride is a double-edged sword. Excessive fluoride intake will cause toxic reactions, and dental fluorosis is caused by a high intake of fluorides during tooth development.
Outdoor Recreation within the School Setting: A Physiological and Psychological Exploration
Authors: Patrick Hyndman Brendon , Wyver Shirley
Published: April 2020

School recess is a crucial outdoor recreation period to develop health behaviours such as physical activity, social and thinking skills that can track into adulthood. As students in some schools can be immersed in playground recreation opportunities via up to 4200 school breaks during their schooling (three times per day, 5 days per week, 39 weeks per year, 7 years of primary school), the school playground has become an emerging focus for researchers to facilitate important health outcomes. Outdoor recreation activities during school recess can contribute up to half of a child’s recommended physical activity participation. Ensuring there is an enhanced understanding and awareness of what can enhance or hinder outdoor recreation activities within school contexts is therefore important to develop both physical and psychological strategies to help promote sustainable health outcomes. Despite outdoor recreation during school recess periods being a vital setting to develop physical, social and cognitive habits, the possibilities during this period have only started to gain momentum in the first two decades of the twenty-first century. This chapter will outline the important link between school playgrounds for outdoor recreation during school recess and the various physiological and psychological effects that have been revealed from various strategies that have been implemented for children with typical and atypical development.
The danish parliament as an actor of Denmark’s foreign policy towards the EU and Russia: a comparative analysis, 2005—2019
Authors: Grigoreva Oksana V. , Plyusnin Nikita O.
Published: April 2020

The growing number of participants in foreign policy decision-making calls for a study of the forces affecting the behaviour of states in the international arena. In contemporary states, parliaments are increasingly challenging the exclusive prerogatives of executive power in foreign and defence policy. Many experts stress that the powers of the Danish Parliament in these fields are among the most considerable in the world. The question is, however, whether these powers are exercised in the same manner towards different states and regions. This article aims to find out how the Danish Parliament contributes to the country’s foreign policy towards the EU and Russia. The concentric circles model is employed to assess the level of the Danish Parliament’s participation in the foreign policy of the Kingdom of Denmark in different regions of the world. The study conducts a comparative analysis of the evidence of the Parliament’s influence on Denmark’s relations with the EU, the EFTA, and Russia. The findings lead one to conclude that the Danish Parliament’s participation in the country’s foreign policy towards EU bodies is highly institutionalised and coherent, which can be explained by close integration of Danish political elites into European ones as well as by European processes being clear and predictable for Danish parliamentarians. The participation of the Parliament in Danish—Russian relations is less systematic and structured since the Danish Parliament sometimes lacks diplomatic experience and resources to influence more complex and ambiguous relations with the Russian Federation.
The Impact of Openness to Diversity on Creativity of Nursing College Students with a Focus on Mediating Effects
Authors: Park Ju Young , Woo Chung Hee
Published: April 2020

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to examine how the acceptance of diversity of nursing college students affects creativity and to verify empirically the role of individual cooperative learning competency and unlearning competency in such influence relations. Methods: This study surveyed 209 nursing college students and analyzed the structured questionnaire data using SPSS WIN 21.0 and AMOS 18.0. Results: The results of this study were as follows. First, the creativity of the subjects showed significant correlations with all other variables. Second, diversity openness directly affected creativity. We also confirmed that diversity openness and cooperative learning competency have a positive effect on creativity through mediating unlearning competency. Conclusion: In order to enhance the creativity of nursing college students, diversity openness should be actively reflected in the curriculum. In addition, concrete teaching-learning strategies should be developed in order to increase and enhance the unlearning competency and cooperative learning competency of nursing students.
Clinical Nurses' Perception on the Importance and Performance of Nursing Managerial Competencies
Authors: Kang Gyeongja , Kim Jeong Hee
Published: April 2020

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate clinical nurses' perception on nursing managerial competencies. Methods: This was a descriptive study. The data were collected from 198 nurse managers who had worked in six general hospitals using a self-reporting questionnaire. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, and Importance-Performance Analysis. Results: Only 32% of the participants had experienced nursing managerial competency training. The mean score for perceived performance of nursing managerial competency was lower than that for perceived importance. There were significant differences in perceived importance, performance, and importance-performance gaps among head, charge, and staff nurses. Importance-performance analysis showed that three of the 30 nursing managerial competencies require further development: staffing, human resources development and education, and nursing standard development competency. There were significant differences in importance-performance gaps according to age, career years in current hospital, work shift, position, nursing delivery system, and nursing managerial competency-education experience. Conclusion: A training program for developing and improving nursing managerial competencies which is focused on the gaps in importance and performance level is needed for clinical nurses. In addition, it should be considered to improve nursing work conditions such as nursing delivery system and formal appointment in order to increase the performance of nursing managerial competencies.
Kanho Kyokwaseo (Textbook of Nursing), the First Published Korean Nursing Books
Authors: YI Ggodme
Published: April 2020

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to extend the knowledge about two volumes of Kanho Kyokwaseo (Textbook of Nursing) published in 1908 and 1910. Methods: The books were investigated from the first to the last pages and compared with other textbooks published during the same period. Results: The origin of these books was from Hubinyaoshu (Manual of Nursing) published in China in 1904. They were translated by Edmunds, a missionary nurse from America, and Chang Chai-Sun, a teacher at the first nursing school in Korea, along with inspection by Korean teachers who were fluent in English. Kanho Kyokwaseo are user-friendly textbooks in that they are written mainly in Hangul; Chinese and English are added in cases of explicating western scientific terminology and medical terminology, with notes at the top, on the left, and on the right of the page. The contents emphasize reporting and submission to supervisors and doctors. Surgical nursing occupies the largest chapter. Disinfection and hygiene, the advantages of western modern medicine, are dealt with repeatedly and importantly. Conclusion: Kanho Kyokwaseo was widely used as the first and only nursing textbook published before Japanese occupation and as a publication having upgraded the level of textbooks.
Validation Study of the Korean Version of the Jefferson Scale of Empathy-Health Professions Students for Measuring Empathy in Undergraduate Nursing Students
Authors: Kim Jisoon , Ahn Sukhee
Published: April 2020

Purpose: This study was to validate the Korean version of the Jefferson Scale of Empathy-Health Professions Students (K-JSE-HPS) in undergraduate nursing students. Methods: With a survey design, a total of 293 junior and senior nursing students were recruited and data were collected using a self-administered study questionnaire to measure their levels of empathy use the K-JSE-HPS. Using SPSS/WIN 22.0 and AMOS 22.0, data analysis was conducted with confirmatory factor analysis, criterion validity, and reliability. Results: For construct validity, confirmatory factor analysis showed an acceptable model fit (Goodness of Fit Index was 0.88) along with confirming convergent and discriminant validity (construct reliability was 0.70). For criterion validity, the scale was significantly related with the Interpersonal Reaction Index. For reliability, Cronbach's ${alpha}$ coefficient for the scale was 0.87 and for the subscales were 0.84, 0.78, and 0.69, respectively. Conclusion: The findings show satisfactory construct and criterion validity and reliability of the Korean version of the JSE-HPS for measuring empathy in undergraduate nursing students.
An Integrative Review of Smartphone Utilization for Nursing Education among Nursing College Students in South Korea
Authors: Shin Hyewon , Lee Jung Min , Kim Shin Jeong
Published: April 2020

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to (a) synthesize nursing education literature using a smartphone for Korean nursing college students based on Whittemore and Knafl's integrative five-step review method and to (b) evaluate the quality appraisal of each article using Gough's weight of evidence. Methods: Articles published in Korea were identified through electronic search engines and scholarly websites using a combination of three search terms, including nursing student, smartphone, and education. Scientific, peer-reviewed articles in nursing education for Korean college nursing students, written in Korean or in English, and published between January 2000 and May 2018 were included in this review. Thirteen papers met the inclusion criteria and had above average ratings in quality appraisals. Results: Three characteristics related to nursing education using a smartphone were derived: (a) as a familiar media, motivating learning and enabling self-directed learning, (b) for the purpose of education or evaluation utilizing the educational movie of application, and (c) the iterative exercise of smartphone usage reinforces student learning. Conclusion: Smartphone use is an effective tool for improving nursing knowledge and skills for nursing college students in nursing education. Future research is needed to standardize smartphone applications across schools for nursing education.
Factors Affecting the Postoperative Pain and Length of Hospital Stay of Liver Transplantation Donors
Authors: Jung Je Hyun , Bang Kyung Sook
Published: April 2020

Purpose: This study was performed to investigate the factors affecting postoperative pain and length of hospital stay of liver transplantation donors. Methods: This is a retrospective study using the Electronic Medical Records (EMR) of 91 patients operated on at a tertiary hospital in Seoul, Korea in 2016. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, Mann-Whitney U test and Kruskal-Wallis test, Spearman's rank correlation, and multiple regression analysis. Results: The average age of the donors was $35.7{pm}12.2$ years, and all donors were family members. PCA was applied for control pain in all patients, and 40.7% of PCA-related side effects were observed. The average length of hospital stay was $9.24{pm}2.52$ days. The factors influencing the length of hospital stay were operative methods, pain control methods, and postoperative complications. The length of hospital stay was 1.29 days shorter if donors had no complication, 1.43 days shorter when only PCA was used, and 1.19 days shorter when laparoscopic resection was performed (Adjusted $R^2=0.17$, F=4.67, p<.05). Conclusion: The results of this study can be used as basic data for practical and effective postoperative nursing education and intervention of living liver donors.
Effects of Team-based Learning using Concept Mapping on Critical Thinking Disposition and Metacognition of Nursing Students
Authors: Jeong Yeo Won , Min Hae Young
Published: April 2020

Purpose: This study aimed to examine the effects of team-based learning using concept mapping on critical thinking disposition and metacognition on college of nursing students. Methods: A non-equivalent control group pretest-posttest design was used. The experimental group was provided team-based learning using concept mapping. The control group was provided team-based learning. A total of 77 nursing students participated. Results: The experimental group increased significantly in critical thinking, however, there were no significant differences in critical thinking or metacognition between the two groups. The four essential themes extracted were as follows: (1) Expanding the scope of thinking; (2) Strengthening learning competency; (3) Enhancing communication skill; and (4) Burden of new learning method. Conclusion: The findings indicate that team-based learning using concept maps may be an effective teaching-learning method for nursing students.
Examining the effects of memory specificity and perceptual load on susceptibility to misleading information
Authors: Farina Francesca R. , Greene Ciara M.
Published: April 2020

Our study aimed to examine the role of perceptual load in eyewitness memory and susceptibility to misinformation and establish whether trait‐based memory specificity protects against misinformation. Participants (n = 264) viewed a video depicting a crime and completed a memory questionnaire immediately afterwards and 1 week later. Memory specificity was measured using the Autobiographical Memory Test (AMT). Higher AMT scores were associated with better memory accuracy. Performance was worse in the high load compared to the low load condition at immediate recall. However, this effect was not seen for every question and load did not influence eyewitness identifications. To test the possibility that load effects were not fully captured by the questionnaire in experiment 1, we conducted a second experiment (n = 120) where we systematically manipulated misinformation about central and peripheral details. We found no effects. Our findings suggest that high perceptual load enhances eyewitness suggestibility, while specific autobiographical memory protects against misinformation.
Controlled One‐pot Synthesis of Nickel Single Atoms Embedded in Carbon Nanotube and Graphene Supports with High Loading
Authors: Zhao Shiyong , Wang Tianshuai , Zhou Guangmin , Zhang Liji , Lin Chao , Veder Jean‐Pierre , Johannessen Bernt , Saunders Martin , Yin Lichang , Liu Chang , De Marco Roland , Yang Shi‐Ze , Zhang Qianfan , Jiang San Ping
Published: April 2020

Single‐atom catalysts (SACs) have attracted much attentions due to the advantages of high catalysis efficiency and selectivity. However, the controllable and efficient synthesis of SACs remains a significant challenge. Herein, we report a controlled one‐pot synthesis of nickel single atoms embedded on nitrogen‐doped carbon nanotubes (NiSA−N−CNT) and nitrogen‐doped graphene (NiSA−N−G). The formation of NiSA−N−CNT is due to the solid‐to‐solid rolling up mechanism during the high temperature pyrolysis at 800 °C from the stacked and layered Ni‐doped g‐C3N4, g‐C3N4−Ni structure to a tubular CNT structure. Addition of citric acid introduces an amorphous carbon source on the layered g‐C3N4−Ni and after annealing at the same temperature of 800 °C, instead of formation of NiSA−N−CNT, Ni single atoms embedded in planar graphene type supports, NiSA−N−G were obtained. The density functional theory (DFT) calculation indicates the introduction of amorphous carbon source substantially reduces the structure fluctuation or curvature of layered g‐C3N4‐Ni intermediate products, thus interrupting the solid‐to‐solid rolling process and leading to the formation of planar graphene type supports for Ni single atoms. The as‐synthesized NiSA−N−G with Ni atomic loading of ∼6 wt% catalysts shows a better activity and stability for the CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) than NiSA−N−CNT with Ni atomic loading of ∼15 wt% due to the open and exposed Ni single atom active sites in NiSA−N−G. This study demonstrates for the first time the feasibility in the control of the microstructure of carbon supports in the synthesis of SACs.
Treating head and neck tumors during the SARS‐CoV‐2 epidemic, 2019 to 2020: Sichuan Cancer Hospital
Authors: Cai Yong‐Cong , Wang Wei , Li Chao , Zeng Din‐fen , Zhou Yu‐Qiu , Sun Rong‐Hao , Jiang Hua , Guo Hui , Wang Shao‐Xin , Jiang Jian
Published: April 2020

Since December 2019, a number of patients with novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP) have been identified in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China. NCP has rapidly spread to other provinces and cities in China and other countries in the world. Due to the rapid increase in reported cases in China and around the world, on January 30, 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) Emergency Committee announced that NCP is a Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC). However, there are relatively few suggestions and measures for tumor patients, especially patients with head and neck tumors. This article summarizes the prevention and control of disease in our medical institution to provide a reference for front‐line head and neck surgeons.
The more you know, the more you give: Influence of online disclosure on European community foundations' donations
Authors: Rossi Gina , Leardini Chiara , Landi Stefano
Published: April 2020

Competition is high in the charitable contributions market, and donors demand to know how nonprofit organizations use the money they receive. In scrutinizing the variables that affect the capacity of nonprofits to attract donations, previous research has highlighted the positive influence of the amount of financial and performance information that nonprofits disclose through their websites. This study explored whether the depth of the organizations' online disclosures also affects these donations. In line with existing studies on regression‐based economic models of giving, this study considered community foundations—focusing on the United Kingdom and Italy—and its results indicated that managing the depth of the information provided through financial reports can influence donors' sensitivity and willingness to donate.
Hydrogenative Depolymerization of End‐of‐Life Poly(bisphenol A carbonate) with in situ Generated Ruthenium Catalysts
Authors: Alberti Christoph , Kessler Jannik , Eckelt Sarah , Hofmann Melanie , Kindler Tim‐Oliver , Santangelo Nicolo , Fedorenko Elena , Enthaler Stephan
Published: April 2020

One essential aspect to create a circular economy can be the valorisation of plastic waste to create valuable chemicals. The depolymerization, the converse reaction of the polymer built‐up process, can be promising to reach the targets of a circular economy. Depolymerizations can provide monomers, which are polymerized in a subsequent process. We have explored the hydrogenative depolymerization of end‐of‐life poly(bisphenol A carbonate) (EoL‐PBPAC). Applying an in situ generated catalyst derived from the precursors [RuClH(CO)(PPh3)3] and 2‐(di‐iso‐propylphosphino)ethylamine EoL‐PBPAC, e. g. a DVD, was reduced to methanol and bisphenol A in good to excellent yields. For closing the cycle bisphenol A may be reprocessed as monomer for the reproduction of new PBPAC. The second depolymerization product methanol may be submitted to the hydrogen economy for release of hydrogen and in consequence energy generation.
Venous thromboembolism in non-small cell lung cancer patients who underwent surgery after induction therapy
Authors: Kaminuma Yasunori , Tanahashi Masayuki , Suzuki Eriko , Yoshii Naoko , Niwa Hiroshi
Published: April 2020

Objectives

Lung cancer patients have been reported to have a high incidence of venous thromboembolism (VTE) and a high recurrence rate of VTE. However, there are no detailed reports of VTE in lung cancer patients who underwent surgery after induction therapy. We examined the incidence and clinical features of VTE in these patients.

Methods

We retrospectively evaluated 89 patients with non-small cell lung cancer who underwent surgery after induction therapy at our department between April 2009 and March 2018. The incidence of VTE, clinical features, and long-term prognosis were retrospectively examined.

Results

Among the 89 patients, 4 (4.5%) developed VTE, and there was no significant difference in the background characteristics between patients with and without VTE. All four patients developed VTE during preoperative treatment. In the patients with VTE, anticoagulant therapy with oral anticoagulants was administered after heparinization, and the median duration of anticoagulant therapy was 18.7 months. There were no cases of symptomatic VTE recurrence after surgery, regardless of lung cancer recurrence. Although the overall survival (OS) showed no significant difference between patients with and without VTE, the disease-free survival was significantly shorter in patients with VTE than in those without it (median 6.3 vs. 71.6 months, p < 0.01).

Conclusions

In induction cases, the incidence of VTE was 4.5%, and it can at least be stated that no symptomatic VTE developed or recurred after surgery. Patients with VTE in induction therapy had short progression-free survival and required careful follow-up after surgery.
p53-mediated control of aspartate-asparagine homeostasis dictates LKB1 activity and modulates cell survival
Authors: Deng Longfei , Yao Pengbo , Li Le , Ji Fansen , Zhao Shuang , Xu Chang , Lan Xun , Jiang Peng
Published: April 2020

Asparagine synthetase (ASNS) catalyses the ATP-dependent conversion of aspartate to asparagine. However, both the regulation and biological functions of asparagine in tumour cells remain largely unknown. Here, we report that p53 suppresses asparagine synthesis through the transcriptional downregulation of ASNS expression and disrupts asparagine-aspartate homeostasis, leading to lymphoma and colon tumour growth inhibition in vivo and in vitro. Moreover, the removal of asparagine from culture medium or the inhibition of ASNS impairs cell proliferation and induces p53/p21-dependent senescence and cell cycle arrest. Mechanistically, asparagine and aspartate regulate AMPK-mediated p53 activation by physically binding to LKB1 and oppositely modulating LKB1 activity. Thus, we found that p53 regulates asparagine metabolism and dictates cell survival by generating an auto-amplification loop via asparagine-aspartate-mediated LKB1-AMPK signalling. Our findings highlight a role for LKB1 in sensing asparagine and aspartate and connect asparagine metabolism to the cellular signalling transduction network that modulates cell survival.
Inter-individual differences in foveal shape in a scavenging raptor, the black kite Milvus migrans
Authors: Potier Simon , Mitkus Mindaugas , Lisney Thomas J. , Isard Pierre-François , Dulaurent Thomas , Mentek Marielle , Cornette Raphaël , Schikorski David , Kelber Almut
Published: April 2020

Birds, and especially raptors, are believed to forage mainly using visual cues. Indeed, raptors (scavengers and predators) have the highest visual acuity known to date. However, scavengers and predators differ in their visual systems such as in their foveal configuration. While the function of the foveal shape remains unknown, individual variation has never been quantified in birds. In this study, we examined whether foveal shape differs among individuals in relation to eye size, sex, age, eye (left or right) and genetic proximity in a scavenging raptor, the black kiteMilvus migrans. We assessed foveal shape in 47 individuals using spectral domain optical coherence tomography (OCT) and geometric morphometric analysis. We found that foveal depth was significantly related to eye size. While foveal width also increased with eye size, it was strongly related to age; younger individuals had a wider fovea with a more pronounced rim. We found no relationship between foveal shape and genetic proximity, suggesting that foveal shape is not a hereditary trait. Our study revealed that the shape of the fovea is directly linked to eye size and that the physical structure of the fovea may develop during the entire life of black kites.
Publisher Correction: Application programming interfaces for knowledge transfer and generation in the life sciences and healthcare
Authors: Woody Stephen K. , Burdick David , Lapp Hilmar , Huang Erich S.
Published: April 2020

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
Mitochondrial DNA targeting and impairment by a dinuclear Ir–Pt complex that overcomes cisplatin resistance
Authors: Zhang Cheng , Guan Ruilin , Liao Xinxing , Ouyang Cheng , Liu Jiangping , Ji Liangnian , Chao Hui
Published: April 2020

A dinuclear complex [(ppy)Ir(tpy)PtCl]2+ (Ir–Pt) can exhibit strong antitumor activity towards cisplatin-resistant cancer cells and induce cell necrosis via mtDNA damage and mitochondrial dysfunction.
Erforderlicher Umfang einer Beschäftigung als Voraussetzung einer Ermächtigung
Authors: Häser Isabel
Published: April 2020

Auch, wenn die Möglichkeiten für Krankenhausärzte, im ambulanten Bereich tätig zu werden, stetig zunehmen, gewisse Grenzen sind nach wie vor einzuhalten. Das wird aus dem Beschluss des Bundessozialgerichts (BSG) vom 03.04.2019 (B 6 KA 44/18 B) im Zusammenhang mit Ermächtigungen erneut deutlich.