bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Drivers of behaviour and spatial ecology of the small spotted catshark (Scyliorhinus canicula)
Authors: Papadopoulo Kenn , Villegas‐Ríos David , Mucientes Gonzalo , Hillinger Alina , Alonso‐Fernández Alexandre
Published: April 2023

Shark populations have suffered dramatic declines across the world as a result of overfishing.

Marine protected areas (MPAs) can help restore overfished populations; however, their effectiveness largely relies on understanding the ecology of the targeted species.

This study investigated the spatial ecology of the intensely harvested but understudied small spotted catshark (Scyliorhinus canicula) through acoustic telemetry in the Cíes Islands, a small MPA in the north‐west of the Iberian Peninsula.

There were significant effects of diel, seasonal cycles, biotic (sex and total length) and abiotic (bottom sea temperature) variables on the spatial behaviour of S. canicula. The mean residency index was low (0.27) and movement patterns suggested a strong connection with inshore waters. While the probability of presence in the study area was mainly driven by sex (i.e. greater for females), a drastic increase in activity was observed at night (compared with daytime hours). The activity space decreased with larger body sizes. Warmer waters were related to higher activity levels and larger activity spaces.

This study provides essential knowledge of the spatial behaviour of S. canicula, with significant implications for the conservation and management of this species. The results indicate that small MPAs may fail to protect the whole range of movements of S. canicula, but suggest a larger protection potential for females.

To be effective for S. canicula conservation, MPAs should be appropriately sized and designed for the ranging behaviour of the target species in order to provide total protection. Temporal restrictions on fishing at night mirroring the peak activity pattern of S. canicula could be implemented to limit the probability of its capture.
Chemical Sensors using Single‐Molecule Electrical Measurements
Authors: Sun Ruiqin , Lv Jieyao , Xue Xinyi , Yu Shiyong , Tan Zhibing
Published: April 2023

Driven by the digitization and informatization of contemporary society, electrical sensors are developing toward minimal structure, intelligent function, and high detection resolution. Single‐molecule electrical measurement techniques have been proven to be capable of label‐free molecular recognition and detection, which opens a new strategy for the design of efficient single‐molecule detection sensors. In this review, we outline the main advances and potentials of single‐molecule electronics for qualitative identification and recognition assays at the single‐molecule level. Strategies for single‐molecule electro‐sensing and its main applications are reviewed, mainly in the detection of ions, small molecules, oligomers, genetic materials, and proteins. This review summarizes the remaining challenges in the current development of single‐molecule electrical sensing and presents some potential perspectives for this field.
Use of monoclonal antibody therapy in hematologic patients with mild‐to‐moderate COVID‐19: A retrospective single‐center experience
Authors: Amanam Idoroenyi , Yao Janny , Puing Alfredo , Tsai Ni‐Chun , Samuels Diana , Ngo Dat , Ho Stephanie , Ali Haris , Aribi Ahmed , Arslan Shukaib , Artz Andrew , Htut Myo , Koller Paul , Salhotra Amandeep , Sandhu Karamjeet , Nikolaenko Liana , Pawlowska Anna , Shouse Geoffrey , Stein Anthony , Marcucci Guido , Forman Stephen , Nakamura Ryotaro , Dadwal Sanjeet , Al Malki Monzr M.
Published: April 2023

Introduction

In November 2020, the FDA issued an emergency use authorization (EUA) for monoclonal antibody (mAb) therapy in patients with mild‐to‐moderate COVID‐19 at high risk for disease progression.

Methods

We retrospectively reviewed 38 adult hematology patients who received mAbs from 11/2020 to 2/2021.

Results

Thirty (79%) patients received bamlanivimab and 8 (21%) casirivimab‐imdevimab. Four (11%) patients were hospitalized due to COVID‐19, two (5%) progressed to severe disease and one patient (3%) died within 30 days from COVID‐19 disease. Most patients (n = 34, 89%) ultimately tested negative for SARS‐CoV‐2, with 34% (n = 13) clearing the virus within 14 days after mAb infusion. The median time to clearance of viral shedding was 25.5 days (range: 7–138). After mAb infusion, most patients with hematological malignancies (HM) (n = 10/15; 67%) resumed therapy for underlying disease with a median delay of 21.5 days (range: 12–42). We observed a significant difference in hospitalization among patients who received a HCT versus non‐HCT (0% n = 0/26 and 36% n = 4/11, respectively; p < 0.01).

Conclusions

This study demonstrates that SARS‐CoV‐2 specific mAb was safe and may reduce hospitalization compared to what is reported in malignant hematology patients at high risk for disease progression. Our HCT cohort patients had less hospitalization rate compared with HM cohort patients.
Landscape of gene mutation in Chinese thyroid cancer patients: Construction and validation of lymph node metastasis prediction model based on clinical features and gene mutation marker
Authors: Wei Meng , Wang Rui , Zhang Wanxue , Zhang Jing , Fang Qiang , Fang Zheng , Liu Bin , Li Yongxiang
Published: April 2023

Objectives

Reporting the clinicopathological information of thyroid cancer (TC) patients from a central medical center of east China, and constructing the nomogram predicting lymph node metastasis (LNM).

Methods

We collected the patients who underwent thyroid cancer surgery in our institute from July 1, 2019 to July 31, 2021, a total of 253 subjects were enrolled. We used HiPure FFPE DNA Kit to extract DNA and RNApure FFPE Kit to extract RNA from the paraffin sections of tumor tissue, the extracted DNA samples and RNA samples were used for NGS sequencing. The clinical and pathological information of TCGA‐THCA cohort was obtained as the validation cohort. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to identify the independent prognostic factor, and the nomogram was subsequently constructed by “rms” R package.

Results

Secondary cases contained more mutation of BRAF (90.48% vs. 62.07%) and TERT (33.0% vs. 3.0%), as compared with primary cases. Primary patients with positive lymph node were younger (40.9 ± 10.8 vs. 45.3 ± 11.8, p = 0.0031) and contained advanced TI‐RADS levels (4c: 22.8% vs. 8.3%, 5: 6.5% vs. 0/0%, p = 1.878e‐03), as well as more RET genetic alteration (16.3% vs. 2.7%, p = 2.566e‐03). We chose age, tumor diameter, RET fusion, and gender to construct the LNM predicting nomogram. Calibration plot, DCA curve, and the clinical impact plot verified the preferable prognostic value of the nomogram, with an AUC value of 0.724 (0.656–0.792). We successfully validated the prognostic value of the nomogram in TCGA‐THCA cohort. RET fusion might impact the process of protein digestion and absorption, cytokine‐cytokine receptor interaction, ECM‐receptor interaction, focal adhesion.

Conclusion

We provide a novel nomogram to predict the LNM for TC patients, including the features of patient's age, gender, tumor diameter, and RET alteration. Further studies from multiple medical centers are essential to validate the nomogram.
Disulphide Cross‐Linked Ultrashort Peptide Hydrogelator for Water Remediation
Authors: Kanti Das Basab , Samanta Raju , Ahmed Sahnawaz , Pramanik Bapan
Published: April 2023

A single amino acid in a peptide sequence can play an important role to tune the self‐assembly and hydrogelation behaviour. Here, a C‐terminal cysteine‐containing ultrashort peptide hydrogelator forms hydrogel through non‐covalent and covalent interactions. Interestingly, the hydrogel is insoluble in water and buffer solutions at different pH values (1‐13) and is thixotropic and injectable. In recent years, removing dyes from contaminated water has become a significant concern because of the shortage of freshwater resources. Therefore, the adsorption of dyes through a reliable, straightforward, nontoxic, cheap, and environmentally friendly adsorbent has become a popular topic. Hence, the hydrogelator was exploited to remove organic dyes from wastewater, harnessing its applicability in the gel phase and solid supports (filter paper and cotton).
Metastatic adult‐type non‐rhabdomyosarcoma soft tissue sarcomas in children and adolescents: A cohort study from the European paediatric Soft tissue sarcoma Study Group
Authors: Ferrari Andrea , Orbach Daniel , Casanova Michela , van Noesel Max M. , Berlanga Pablo , Brennan Bernadette , Corradini Nadege , Schoot Reineke A. , Ramirez‐Villar Gema L. , Hjalgrim Lisa Lyngsie , Alaggio Rita , Guillen Burrieza Gabriela , Safwat Akmal , Cameron Alison L. , van Rijn Rick R. , Minard‐Colin Veronique , Zanetti Ilaria , Bisogno Gianni , Chisholm Julia C. , Merks Johannes H. M.
Published: April 2023

Background

Limited data exist on the clinical behavior of pediatric non‐rhabdomyosarcoma soft tissue sarcomas (NRSTS) with distant metastases at onset, and a clear standard of care has not yet been defined.

Methods

This cohort study reports on pediatric adult‐type metastatic NRSTS enrolled in two concurrent prospective European studies, i.e., the randomized BERNIE study and the single‐arm MTS 2008 study developed by the European paediatric Soft tissue sarcoma Study Group. Treatment programs were originally designed for patients with metastatic rhabdomyosarcoma, i.e., nine courses of multidrug chemotherapy (with or without bevacizumab in the BERNIE study), followed by 12 cycles of maintenance therapy, whereas radiotherapy and/or surgery (on primary tumor and/or metastases) were delayed until after seven courses of chemotherapy had been administered.

Results

The study included 61 patients <21 years old treated from July 2008 to December 2016. The lung was the site of metastases in 75% of the cases. All patients received multi‐agent chemotherapy, 44% had local therapy to primary tumor, and 18% had treatment of metastases. Median time to progression/relapse was 6 months. A high rate of tumor progression was observed during the initial part of the chemotherapy program. With a median follow‐up of 41.5 months (range, 2–111 months), 3‐year event‐free survival and overall survival were 15.4% (95% confidence interval [CI], 7.6–25.7) and 34.9% (95% CI, 22.7–47.5), respectively. There were no statistically significant differences in outcome depending on the type of treatment administered.

Conclusions

The study confirmed the overall poor outcome for patients with metastatic NRSTS, whose treatment remains a challenge.

Plain Language Summary

Pediatric non‐rhabdomyosarcoma soft tissue sarcomas form a heterogeneous group of rare tumors.

Although recent international studies have defined the standard of care for patients with localized disease, limited data are available on the clinical behavior of patients with distant metastases.

This study on 61 metastatic cases treated on two prospective European protocols confirms that the chances of survival of such patients are often dismal and a standard treatment is still lacking.
Mo and Ni Coordinated Bimetallic Oxide as Catalyst in Modified Separators for Low‐Capacity Decay Lithium Sulfur Batteries
Authors: Wu Tingyi , Dou Huanglin , Zhao Zhenxin , Zhou Junliang , Wang Xiaomin
Published: April 2023

Lithium‐sulfur (Li−S) batteries are considered to be the most promising candidates for achieving low‐cost, high‐energy density systems. The serious shuttle effect of polysulfides (LiPS) and the sluggish redox kinetics have become major obstacles to the practical application of Li−S batteries. Herein, a hollow microsphere structure of transition bimetallic oxide nickel molybdate (NiMoO4) was prepared by hydrothermal reaction and calcination method. It was used as a separator coating material to inhibit LiPS shuttle and promote efficient redox conversion of sulfur species. The hollow microsphere structure not only possesses a large internal space to physically confine LiPS but also exposes abundant active sites to enhance the redox kinetics of LiPS. The NiMoO4 shows superior adsorption ability for LiPS and accelerated ion/electron transport rates compared to NiO, thus facilitating the anchoring‐conversion‐diffusion processes of polysulfides. Benefiting from this versatility, the Li−S batteries with NiMoO4‐PP exhibit a high discharge specific capacity of 1354.5 mAh g−1 at 0.1 C. In addition, the battery exhibits excellent cycling stability with a capacity decay rate of 0.027% for 500 cycles at 2 C. These results demonstrate the potential application of NiMoO4‐based electrocatalysts in high‐performance Li−S batteries.
DEA outlines new training requirements for prescribers of all controlled substances
Authors: Knopf Alison
Published: April 2023

The Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) has provided clear information to prescribers of controlled substances on the new training requirements in order for them to get their license.
Common features of cartilage maturation are not conserved in an amphibian model
Authors: Nguyen Jason K. B. , Gómez‐Picos Patsy , Liu Yiwen , Ovens Katie , Eames B. Frank
Published: April 2023

Background

Mouse, chick, and zebrafish undergo a highly conserved program of cartilage maturation during endochondral ossification (bone formation via a cartilage template). Standard histological and molecular features of cartilage maturation are chondrocyte hypertrophy, downregulation of the chondrogenic markers Sox9 and Col2a1, and upregulation of Col10a1. We tested whether cartilage maturation is conserved in an amphibian, the western clawed frog Xenopus tropicalis, using in situ hybridization for standard markers and a novel laser‐capture microdissection RNAseq data set. We also functionally tested whether thyroid hormone drives cartilage maturation in X tropicalis, as it does in other vertebrates.

Results

The developing frog humerus mostly followed the standard progression of cartilage maturation. Chondrocytes gradually became hypertrophic as col2a1 and sox9 were eventually down‐regulated, but col10a1 was not up‐regulated. However, the expression levels of several genes associated with the early formation of cartilage, such as acan, sox5, and col9a2, remained highly expressed even as humeral chondrocytes matured. Greater deviances were observed in head cartilages, including the ceratohyal, which underwent hypertrophy within hours of becoming cartilaginous, maintained relatively high levels of col2a1 and sox9, and lacked col10a1 expression. Interestingly, treating frog larvae with thyroid hormone antagonists did not specifically reduce head cartilage hypertrophy, resulting rather in a global developmental delay.

Conclusion

These data reveal that basic cartilage maturation features in the head, and to a lesser extent in the limb, are not conserved in X tropicalis. Future work revealing how frogs deviate from the standard cartilage maturation program might shed light on both evolutionary and health studies.
Zebrafishsmarcc1amutants reveal requirements for BAF chromatin remodeling complexes in distinguishing the atrioventricular canal from the cardiac chambers
Authors: Auman Heidi J. , Fernandes Ivy H. , Berríos‐Otero César A. , Colombo Sophie , Yelon Deborah
Published: April 2023

Background

Essential patterning processes transform the heart tube into a compartmentalized organ with distinct chambers separated by an atrioventricular canal (AVC). This transition involves the refinement of expression of genes that are first found broadly throughout the heart tube and then become restricted to the AVC. Despite the importance of cardiac patterning, we do not fully understand the mechanisms that limit gene expression to the AVC.

Results

We show that the zebrafish genesmarcc1a, encoding a BAF chromatin remodeling complex subunit homologous to mammalian BAF155, is critical for cardiac patterning. Insmarcc1amutants, myocardial differentiation and heart tube assembly appear to proceed normally. Subsequently, thesmarcc1amutant heart fails to exhibit refinement of gene expression patterns to the AVC, and the persistence of broad gene expression is accompanied by failure of chamber expansion. In addition to their cardiac defects,smarcc1amutants lack pectoral fins, indicating similarity totbx5amutants. However, comparison ofsmarcc1aandtbx5amutants suggests that perturbation oftbx5afunction is not sufficient to cause thesmarcc1amutant phenotype.

Conclusions

Our data indicate an important role for Smarcc1a‐containing chromatin remodeling complexes in regulating the changes in gene expression and morphology that distinguish the AVC from the cardiac chambers.
Integrating aspects of affect, reward, and cognition to develop more comprehensive models of binge‐eating pathology
Authors: Schaefer Lauren M. , Forester Glen , Dvorak Robert D. , Steinglass Joanna , Wonderlich Stephen A.
Published: April 2023

Reward‐related processes are an increasing focus of eating disorders research. Although evidence suggests that numerous distinct reward processes may contribute to eating pathology (e.g., reward learning and delay discounting), existing etiological models of reward dysfunction tend to focus on only a limited number of reward processes, and frequently lack specificity when identifying the individual reward processes hypothesized to contribute to dysregulated eating behavior. Moreover, existing theories have been limited in their integration of reward‐related processes with other demonstrated risk and maintenance factors for eating disorders (e.g., affect and cognition), potentially contributing to underdeveloped models of eating pathology. In this article, we highlight five distinct reward processes with theorized or demonstrated relevance to eating disorders involving binge‐eating, followed by a review of two well‐established risk/maintenance factors for binge‐eating pathology. We then introduce two novel models of binge eating onset and maintenance that integrate these factors (i.e., the Affect, Reward, Cognition models), and discuss methods for testing each of the models in future research. Ultimately, we hope that the proposed models provide a springboard for the continued evolution of more precise and comprehensive theories of reward dysfunction in the eating disorders, as well as the development of novel intervention approaches.

Public Significance Statement

Eating disorders are associated with abnormalities in multiple domains of reward functioning. However, models of reward dysfunction within the eating disorders have not been well‐integrated with prominent models of affect and cognition. This article presents two novel models of onset and maintenance for binge‐eating pathology, which attempt to integrate observed reward abnormalities with other affective and cognitive processes implicated in binge‐type eating disorders.
Optimal prey for red fox cubs—An example of dual optimizing foraging strategy in foxes from a dynamic wetland habitat
Authors: Lanszki József , Bende Zsolt , Nagyapáti Nikolett , Lanszki Zsófia , Pongrácz Péter
Published: April 2023

The red fox (Vulpes vulpes) is the most abundant mesopredator in the Central European region. Detailed knowledge about their feeding behavior is important both from ecological and wildlife management reasons. Food choices of foxes are poorly predictable in high‐biodiversity marshlands. The main aim of our study was to sample parallel the main food‐type abundances in the study area and analyze the diet of fox cubs and cohabiting adults across 3 years during the period of maternal dependence of the cubs. According to the optimal foraging theory, we predicted that the cubs' diet would show higher energy content, would be more varied, and the individual prey species fed to the young would be larger. We analyzed the composition of adult fox and cub fecal samples collected separately around dens in a marshland of western Hungary, May 2014, 2017 and 2020, when the abundance values of main food sources differed. Rodents and waterfowl dominated the diet, but their relative occurrence in the samples showed yearly variations. We found that vixens follow a dual optimizing foraging strategy regarding their provisioning of the cubs and their own diet. Adult foxes optimized their diet according to the actual yearly abundances of their main food sources. Additionally, they preferred prey items that can be consumed at the site of capture (large carrion and small individual prey items). Cubs on the other hand were provisioned with optimal high‐energy food, even if those in question became less abundant in that year. Vixens mostly fed to their young either larger rodents and waterfowl, or multiple small rodents at a time—these type of prey are both optimal for transportation as a single load. Providing optimal prey at an early age in a changing environment may contribute to the ecological success of the red fox.
Manipulating the Oxidation State of CuxO Catalysts to Optimize the Selectivity of Gaseous Products in Electrochemical CO2 Reduction
Authors: Ni Zhiyuan , Li Xiaojuan , Li Xiang , Ji Fushun , Guo Rui , Liu Chunming
Published: April 2023

Copper‐based (Cu‐based) catalysts can efficiently convert carbon dioxide to multicarbon products by electrochemical reduction. In this paper, the electrocatalyst with the coexistence of three valence states of Cu(0)‐Cu(I)‐Cu(II) was successfully prepared by adjusting the experimental conditions. The catalyst was derived from Cu/Cu2O prepared on carbon cloth and exhibited excellent CO2 reduction performance. For carbon‐gaseous products, the Faradaic efficiencies for the Cu‐2 catalyst consisting of Cu(0)‐Cu(I)‐Cu(II) were 35.45±3.40 % at −1.66 V vs. RHE, of which 23.85±1.18 % for C2H4. And the synergistic effect of Cu(0)‐Cu(I)‐Cu(II) significantly improved the selectivity of the catalyst to C2H4. This paper provided an efficient method to rationally tune the valence state of Cu‐based catalysts to improve CO2 reduction performance.
A multidimensional examination of affective and cognitive empathy in anorexia nervosa
Authors: Gaggero G. , Luminet O. , Vermeulen N. , De Timary P. , Nandrino J. L. , Goffinet S. , Dereau J. , Shankland R. , Dassonneville C. , Grynberg D.
Published: April 2023

Socio‐emotional features are crucial in the development and maintenance of anorexia nervosa (AN). The present study investigates the patterns of altered and preserved empathic abilities in AN. Empathy is an umbrella term that comprises the ability to recognise another's emotional state, take another's perspective, and fantasise (cognitive empathy), as well as the ability to experience vicarious emotions and signal them (affective empathy). These empathic abilities were measured in 43 AN patients and 33 healthy women through a multi‐method approach comprising self‐report measures, behavioural tasks and bodily correlates. Further, we assessed self‐reported approach‐avoidance attitudes towards suffering others. Results showed that, within the domain of cognitive empathy, AN patients reported impairment in recognising emotional expressions of anger and fantasising. Concerning affective empathy, they manifested lower sharing of others’ positive emotions, higher self‐reported distress, and higher facial expressiveness during a video depicting a suffering person. Finally, AN patients reported lower motivation to approach suffering others. Our results draw a complex picture of preserved and altered empathic abilities in AN and capture which are the deficits mediated by the higher levels of anxiety and depression reported by the AN population and those that seem to persist independently from these co‐morbid conditions.
A revised WENO‐THINC scheme for the general structured mesh and applications in the direct numerical simulation of compressible turbulent flows
Authors: Li Jingqi , Liu Cheng , Li Zheng
Published: April 2023

The Tangent of Hyperbola for INterface Capturing (THINC) scheme allows a jump‐like reconstruction and brings about a significant improvement in resolving the discontinuous part of the numerical solutions. However, it is found that the original THINC scheme loses accuracy when working on the stretched, curvilinear or highly‐skewed grid. In this study, we propose a simple strategy to determine the jump thickness parameter in the THINC function, so as to effectively suppress the unphysical oscillation. A Boundary Variation Diminishing (BVD) guideline is introduced to make options between the Weighted Essentially Non‐Oscillatory (WENO) scheme and the modified THINC scheme, thus both the smooth and discontinuous solutions can be reconstructed properly avoiding distortion of grids. Numerical validations indicate that the improved WENO‐THINC‐BVD approach maintains high resolution and is more robust on various types of non‐uniform meshes. The present method is further extended to validate the low‐dissipation property in resolving higher wave numbers portions by simulating an isotropic turbulence decay problem. Finally, we perform the direct numerical simulation (DNS) of a spatially evolving adiabatic flat plate boundary‐layer flow problem at a supersonic Mach number (). Numerical results show the predicted mean flow variables and the normalized shear stress agree well with the experimental data, significant improvements are found in the resolution of the small‐scale vortices, especially in the transition process.
Prognostic impact of the hemoglobin–albumin–lymphocyte–platelet score in patients with oral cavity cancer undergoing surgery
Authors: Fang Ku‐Hao , Lai Chia‐Hsuan , Hsu Cheng‐Ming , Liao Chun‐Ta , Kang Chung‐Jan , Lee Yi‐Chan , Huang Ethan I. , Chang Geng‐He , Tsai Ming‐Shao , Tsai Yao‐Te
Published: April 2023

Background

We aimed to probe the hemoglobin–albumin–lymphocyte–platelet (HALP) score's prognostic value in oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC).

Methods

Medical data of 350 patients with primary operated OSCC were retrospectively reviewed. We derived the optimal HALP cutoff by executing receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, and patients were then grouped based on this cutoff value. Cox proportional hazards model were used to discover survival outcome‐associated factors.

Results

We derived the optimal HALP cutoff as 35.4. A low HALP score (<35.4) predicted poorer overall and disease‐free survival (hazard ratio: 2.29 and 1.92, respectively; both p < 0.001) and was significantly associated with OSCC aggressiveness. We established a HALP‐based nomogram that accurately predicted overall survival (concordance index: 0.784).

Conclusion

The HALP score may be a useful prognostic biomarker in patients with OSCC undergoing surgery, and the HALP‐based nomogram can be a promising prognostic tool in clinical setting.
Major and minor salivary gland cancers: A multicenter retrospective study
Authors: Hacioglu Muhammet Bekir , Erdogan Bulent , Bardakcı Murat , Algın Efnan , Gulbagcı Burcu , Hacibekiroglu Ilhan , Hamdard Jamshid , Olmez Omer Fatih , Akkus Hadi , Oksuzoglu Berna , Goksu Sema Sezgin , Dae Shute Ailia , Sumbul Ahmet Taner , Ugraklı Muzaffer , Karaagac Mustafa , Sahin Elif , Cabuk Devrim , Ozer Ozden , Yavuzsen Tugba , Arıkan Rukiye , Köstek Osman , Atcı Muhammed Mustafa , Sakin Abdullah , Deligonul Adem , Bayır Duygu , Dincer Murat , Unsal Oktay , Yazıcı Ozan , Zeynelgil Esra , Gulmez Ahmet , Harputluoglu Hakan , Erol Cihan , Sendur Mehmet Ali Nahit , Aytekin Aydin , Akagunduz Baran , Oner Irem , Er Ozlem , Oztosun Bugra , Gumus Mahmut , Selçukbiricik Fatih , Aykan Musa Baris , Karadurmus Nuri , Degerli Ezgi , Demirci Nebi Serkan , Turkmen Esma , Şakalar Teoman , Secmeler Saban , Tanrıverdi Ozgur , Alkan Ali , Kemal Yasemin , Cil Ibrahim , Unal Caglar , Iriagaç Yakup , Alan Ozkan , Balli Sevinc , Urun Yuksel , Ozcan Erkan , Turhal Nazım Serdar , Cicin Irfan
Published: April 2023

Background

Most of the studies on salivary gland cancers are limited for various reasons such as being single‐center, small number of patients, including only major or minor SGCs, or only including epidemiological data.

Methods

A total of 37 medical oncology clinics from different regions of Turkey participated in this retrospective‐multicenter study. The analyzed data included clinical and demographical features, primary treatment, metastasis localizations, and treatments and includes certain pathologic features.

Results

The study included data from a total of 443 SGCs. 56.7% was in major salivary glands and 43.3% was in minor salivary glands. Distant metastasis in the major SGCs was statistically significantly more common than in the minor SGCs, locoregional recurrence was statistically significantly more common in the minor SGCs than in the major SGCs (p = 0.003).

Conclusions

Epidemiological information, metastasis and recurrence patterns, treatment modalities, and survival analysis of the patients over 20 years of follow‐up are presented.
Patients with secondary acute myeloid leukemia undergoing allogeneic stem‐cell transplant have inferior outcomes than de novo acute myeloid leukemia regardless minimal residual disease level by flow cytometry
Authors: Núñez‐Torrón Stock Claudia , Jiménez Chillón Carlos , Martín Moro Fernando , Marquet Palomanes Juan , Velázquez Kennedy Kyra , Piris Villaespesa Miguel , Roldán Santiago Ernesto , Rodríguez Martín Eulalia , Chinea Rodríguez Anabelle , García Gutiérrez Valentín , Moreno Jiménez Gemma , López Jiménez Javier , Herrera Puente Pilar
Published: April 2023

Secondary acute myeloid leukemia (s‐AML) patients have a poor prognosis and currently the only curative therapy is allogeneic stem‐cell transplant (HSCT). However, we do not yet know whether transplantation is sufficient to reverse the poor prognosis compared to de novo AML patients. We analyzed survival after HSCT comparing a cohort of 58 patients with s‐AML versus 52 de novo patients who were transplanted between 2012 and 2020. Patients with s‐AML had worse event‐free survival (EFS) (p = 0.001) and overall survival (OS) (p < 0.001) compared to de novo AML due to an increased risk of relapse (p = 0.06) and non‐relapse mortality (p = 0.03). The main difference in survival was observed in patients who achieved complete remission (CR) before HSCT (EFS p = 0.002 OS and <0.001), regardless minimal residual disease (MRD) by |multiparametric flow cytometry cohorts. In patients transplanted with active disease (AD), the prognosis was adverse in both s‐AML and de novo AML groups (EFS p = 0.869 and OS p = 0.930). After excluding patients with AD, we stratified the cohort according to conditioning intensity, noticing that s‐AML who received MAC had comparable outcomes to de novo AML, but the survival differences remained among reduce intensity conditioning group. In conclusion, transplanted s‐AML patients have worse survival among patients in CR before HSCT, regardless of MRD level by flow cytometry compared to de novo AML. MAC patients had similar outcomes irrespective of leukemia ontogeny.
Latent class analysis of the Epidemic‐Pandemic Impacts Inventory on mental health outcomes in Siyan Clinical patients
Authors: Shah Anish , Arstein‐Kerslake Olivia , Darling Michele , Morgan Tiffany , Torea Aubree Vance , Laines Helen , Joshi Bhargav , Pena Karina , Young James
Published: April 2023

Background and Aims

The COVID‐19 pandemic has made an outsized negative impact on mental health worldwide. However, research indicates that this impact was not uniform. This study aimed to determine how mental health patients experienced the COVID‐19 pandemic to characterize mental health disparities and identify underlying factors.

Methods

We used the Epidemic‐Pandemic Impacts Inventory (EPII) and latent class analysis to determine the impacts of epidemics and pandemics across several life domains in 245 survey respondents, all of whom were mental health patients at Siyan Clinical. Respondents were predominately White (84.5%) and female (76.3%), with the majority being diagnosed with anxiety or mood disorders (76.3%).

Results

In the work life domain, respondents in the higher‐impact class were more likely to be employed and/or working in healthcare. In both the home life and emotional/physical health and infection domain, respondents with mood disorders, substance use disorders, or children under 18 living at home were more likely to be in the higher‐impact class. In the home life and positive change domains, respondents that were married were more likely to be in the higher‐impact class, indicating that this group experiences more impacts from the pandemic, both positive and negative. Finally, some groups stood out as having fewer impacts from the pandemic: respondents that were male, over age 55, White, and/or have anxiety disorders were more likely to experience fewer impacts from the pandemic in the work life and home life domains.

Conclusions

This study provides evidence that certain groups may experience greater or fewer impacts from the pandemic.
Low cycle fretting and fretting corrosion properties of low carbon CoCrMo and additively manufactured CoCrMoW alloys for dental and orthopedic applications
Authors: Mace Annsley , Gilbert Jeremy L.
Published: April 2023

Additive manufacturing (AM) of CoCrMo metallic implants is growing in the orthopedic and dental fields. This is due to the traditional alloy's excellent corrosion resistance and mechanical properties. AM processes like selective laser melting (SLM) require less time, materials, and waste than casting or subtractive manufacturing complex‐geometry structures (bridges, partial dentures, etc.). The objective of this work was to investigate the low cycle tribological and tribocorrosion characteristics of AM CoCrMoW alloys compared to wrought LC CoCrMo (ASTM F‐1537) to assess this AM alloy's performance. Fretting and tribocorrosion testing was performed in air (wear only), PBS (wear + corrosion), and PBS with 10 mM H2O2 (wear + corrosion + inflammation) by a single diamond asperity. No variation between alloys in volume of material removed (p = .12), volume of plastic deformation (p = .13), and scratch depth (p = .84) showed that AM was substantially similar in wear resistance to LC in air and PBS. AM exhibited significantly higher fretting currents (p < .01) at loads up to 100 mN ( = 57 nA and  = 49 nA) than LC CoCrMo ( = 30 nA) and ( = 29 nA). In PBS, wear track depth linearly correlates to fretting current, averaged over 100 cycles. Additionally, fretting currents of both alloys were significantly lower in simulated inflammatory conditions compared to PBS alone. AM alloy has generally similar wear and tribocorrosion resistance to wrought LC CoCrMo and would be ideal for patient specific dentistry or orthopedics where precise, complex geometries are required.
Foliar epidermal anatomical characteristics of Apiaceae species endemic to Ulleungdo and Dokdo Islands, Republic of Korea
Authors: Zaman Wajid , Ullah Fazal , Park SeonJoo
Published: April 2023

The foliar epidermal anatomical characteristics of the two endemic Apiaceae species of Korea Bupleurum latissimum Nakai and Dystaenia takesimana (Nakai) Kitag. were investigated. The taxonomically important characteristics of these two species were identified and described to help understand their classical taxonomy. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to observe the anatomical characteristics of the studied species in detail. The comparative foliar epidermal anatomical characteristics were observed in the present research for the two‐endemic species. Some of the most important foliar epidermal anatomical characteristics were observed to distinguish them, including the epidermal cell shape and size, stomata type, and trichomes shape and size. SEM provided sufficient evidence to distinguish the study species. The foliar epidermal anatomical characteristics provide sufficient information to differentiate these two species from their closely related taxa.

Research Highlights

Apiaceae species endemic to Ulleungdo and Dokdo Islands exhibit unique foliar epidermal anatomical characteristics that can be used for taxonomic identification and classification.

This study contributes to the documentation of the plant diversity of Ulleungdo and Dokdo Islands, and highlights the need for further research on the biogeography and conservation of these endemic plant species.
Clinical significance of serum cystatin C‐to‐creatinine ratio as a surrogate marker for incident osteoporotic fracture predictions
Authors: Yoshii Ichiro , Sawada Naoya , Chijiwa Tatsumi
Published: April 2023

Background

Detection of appropriate indicators is valuable for preventing incidental osteoporotic fractures. We statistically evaluated the significance of serum cystatin C‐to‐creatinine ratio (CysC/Cr) as a surrogate marker for incident major osteoporotic fractures (MOF) prediction.

Methods

Eligible patients with simultaneous measurement of CysC/Cr and bone mineral density in the lumbar spine and proximal femur were selected, and their fracture histories until 5 years after baseline were observed in the retrospective area cohort data. Patients who were followed up until termination or the first osteoporotic fracture were included, and loss of follow‐up or death was excluded. Candidate risk factors for osteoporotic fractures were tested for risk ratios using a cox regression analysis. Receiver operating characteristic tests were performed on factors with significantly higher risk ratios and evaluated with Kaplan‐Meier survival analysis to determine the hazard ratios of the factors.

Results

A total of 175 patients of whom 28 had incident MOF, 38 men, and 137 women, were enrolled. The mean age was 70.2 years. A significantly higher risk ratio was shown in the presence of prevalent MOF, hyper fall‐ability, lifestyle‐related diseases, chronic kidney diseases ≥ Grade3a, and higher CysC/Cr. All parameters had cutoff indices and showed significantly higher hazard ratios.

Conclusions

These results suggested that CysC/Cr may be a predictive marker of incident osteoporotic fractures. It might work as a screening tool for MOF risk.
Event‐based extreme precipitation variability analysis over a part of the Hindu Kush Himalayan region
Authors: Malla Mani Kanta , Arya Dhyan Singh
Published: April 2023

Extreme precipitation is a primary driver of flood hazards causing damage to humans and infrastructure. Analysis of extreme precipitation without considering temporally compounding events underestimates the severity of the hazard. Especially mountainous regions such as the Hindu Kush Himalayan region are highly vulnerable to multiday extreme precipitation events. However, analysis of such events and their time distribution patterns are still unknown, and a comprehensive assessment is needed. To this, the concept of event‐based extreme precipitation, which accounts for the preceding and succeeding precipitation, is employed for the Upper Indus basin using three reference gridded datasets, namely, Indian Meteorological Department (IMD), Multi‐Source Weighted Ensemble Precipitation (MSWEP) and Himalayan Adaption, Water and Resilience (HI‐AWARE). Four different types of time distribution patterns were identified based on the occurrence of extreme precipitation during an event. We identified that the time distribution pattern with the peak on the right side is predominant among the four types. Subsequently, trend analysis on the characteristics, namely amount, frequency, duration and concentration ratio for all four events, display negative trends with IMD and MSWEP datasets, whereas HI‐AWARE displays positive trends in the northwestern part of the catchment. Further, the 100‐year return level of the amount of multiday extreme precipitation is computed along with the traditional method of single‐day extremes considering nonstationarity. The differences between the return values obtained using the traditional method and the event‐based extreme precipitation concept were distinct and substantial (>50 mm for three datasets). The findings clearly show that the analysis of multiday events is much more essential than single‐day extreme events, particularly for events like floods. Moreover, the results of the study were found to be conflicting among reference datasets, demonstrating the importance of identifying the suitability of reference datasets in extreme event analysis.
Investigation of temperature‐dependent phonon dynamics of BixRe1−xSe2 (x = 0.0,0.1,0.5) via Raman spectroscopy
Authors: Patel Hetal , Limberkar Chaitanya , Joy Jolly , Patel Kireetkumar D.
Published: April 2023

The present study focuses on the growth and detailed investigation of temperature‐dependent phonon properties of BixRe1−xSe2 (x = 0.0,0.1,0.5) ternary alloys. Here, we have grown BixRe1−xSe2 (x = 0.0,0.1,0.5) ternary alloy crystals by the direct vapour transport (DVT) method and achieved high‐quality single crystals. The surface morphological validations of the crystals were determined by HRTEM analysis. The crystallinity of the samples was identified from the SAED pattern. The structural analysis was carried out with aid of powder X‐ray diffraction. The shift of the dominant peak towards higher 2θ shows the substitution of the Bi atom at Re sites. Further Raman spectra of the DVT‐grown crystals were recorded in the temperature range of 93 to 333 K. The temperature‐dependent Raman spectroscopy of the sample showed a steady redshift and peak broadening of Eg and two Ag peaks as the temperature varies from 93 to 333 K. Quantitative parameters such as peak position at 0 K (ω0) and first‐order temperature coefficient (χ) for Raman modes (Eg and two Ag) are calculated. The results were compared with theoretical models of the three‐ and four‐phonon processes and it was found that the three‐phonon process was responsible for the redshift in this case.
A paired curriculum for surgical faculty and residents on adult education
Authors: Chen Jenny X. , Gray Stacey T.
Published: April 2023

A paired surgical educator curriculum on adult learning was designed for residents and faculty at a large otolaryngology residency program. In its first year of implementation, 12 core faculty and 20 residents attending the workshops, with positive feedback from all participants and measurable improvements in their understanding of basic terms in adult cognitive learning theory. The curriculum enabled faculty and residents to practice applying educational theories to their every day clinical teaching activities and is adaptable for use in other surgical training programs.

Level of Evidence

IV.
Mixtures of Acid‐ and Base‐Functionalized Microparticles for One‐Pot Cascade Reaction
Authors: Chen Chen , Wong Chin Ken , Gröschel André H.
Published: April 2023

This study reports on the synthesis of surface‐protected acid and base microparticles via surfactant‐free emulsion polymerization. The protective layer allows to form particle mixtures with both colloidal catalysts that show excellent performance in a well‐established model cascade reaction involving an acid‐catalyzed deacetalization and a subsequent base‐catalyzed Knoevenagel condensation. Compared to nanoreactors that contain both catalysts, the colloidal mixture shows comparable reaction kinetics despite the local separation of both catalysts onto separate particles. Since the synthesis of individual microparticles requires less steps, is scalable, and more versatile in terms of catalyst variation, colloidal mixtures are certainly an alternative to multifunctional nanoreactors, making them attractive for practical applications.
Channel competition in omni‐channel supply chain considering social media advertising
Authors: Wang Yan , Mei Shue , Xu Ruize , Yang Donghui , Zhong Weijun
Published: April 2023

As a germane marketing tool, advertising has shrift to social media platform. What role of social media advertising plays in the omni‐channel supply chain needs to conduct a thorough examination. Therefore, this paper investigates a model in which a manufacturer supplies product to two competitive retailers to compare channel payoffs when considering social media advertising in four different scenarios. Specifically, the demand function fully considers the impact of exponential propagation of social media advertising. The conclusions could provide decision basis for enterprises and platform managers on social media channel selection, social media advertising pricing and cooperation form selection.
Oral Administration of Mixed Probiotics Improves Photoaging by Modulating the Cecal Microbiome and MAPK Pathway in UVB‐Irradiated Hairless Mice
Authors: Seo Eunsol , Song Hee Ho , Kim Heebal , Kim Byung‐Yong , Park ShinJae , Suh Hyung Joo , Ahn Yejin
Published: April 2023

Scope

Continuous ultraviolet (UV) exposure causes skin photoaging, wrinkle formation, and skin barrier damage. In this study, the protective effect of mixed probiotics (MP) against photoaging in UVB‐irradiated Hs68 fibroblasts and SKH‐1 hairless mice is investigated.

Methods and results

The mice are irradiated with UVB for 8 weeks to induce photoaging, and MP (15 and 50 mg day−1) is orally administered once a day. Skin parameters are measured in the dorsal skin and wrinkle formation factors are analyzed in skin replicas. To evaluate the mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway, western blotting and qRT‐PCR are performed. MP (50 mg day−1) significantly improves skin moisture, transepidermal water loss, erythema, and skin thickness. MP also effectively suppresses wrinkle formation by regulating the transcriptional expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and tissue inhibitors of MMPs. MP also reduces inflammatory cytokine levels and phosphorylation of extracellular signaling regulatory kinase, Jun N‐terminal kinase, and p38 protein. Furthermore, the intestinal microbiome of the MP groups is significantly different compared with that of the UVB group, and the relative abundance of Lactobacillus and Akkermansia is significantly increased.

Conclusion

Collectively, these findings suggest that MP modulates the gut microbiome and ameliorates UVB‐induced photoaging by downregulating the MAPK pathway.
Impact of the ‘reserved therapeutic space’ nursing intervention on patient health outcomes: An intervention study in acute mental health units
Authors: Moreno‐Poyato Antonio R. , El Abidi Khadija , Lluch‐Canut Teresa , Cañabate‐Ros Montserrat , Puig‐Llobet Montserrat , Roldán‐Merino Juan F.
Published: April 2023

Aims

To evaluate the effectiveness of the ‘reserved therapeutic space’ intervention for improving the nurse–patient therapeutic relationship in acute mental health units in Spain.

Design

Multicentre intervention study with control group.

Methods

The study will be carried out in 12 mental health units. The ‘reserved therapeutic space’ intervention to be tested has been co‐designed and validated by both nurses and patients. The quality of the therapeutic relationship, the care received and perceived coercion among patients will be assessed. An estimated 131 patients per group are expected to participate. Funding was granted by the Instituto de Salud Carlos III. Co‐financed by the European Union (European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) (PI21/00605)) and College of Nurses of Barcelona (PR‐487/2021). The proposal was approved by all the Research Ethics Committees of participating centres.

Results

This project will lead to changes in clinical practice, transforming the current models of organization and care management in mental health hospitalization units. No patient or public contribution.
An asymptotic preserving scheme for the shallow‐water equations with Manning friction using viscous correction of the HLL scheme
Authors: Bulteau Solène , Berthon Christophe , Bessemoulin‐Chatard Marianne
Published: April 2023

The aim of this article is to propose a numerical scheme for the shallow‐water equations with a Manning's friction source term able to preserve the diffusive regime, namely the behavior of the solutions in long time and stiff friction limit. Because of the non‐usual rescaling of the friction parameter, a strongly nonlinear derivative operator is involved in the diffusive limit and the development of a numerical scheme possessing this property is not straightforward. The scheme presented here is based on a perturbed HLL scheme with additional viscous terms.