bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Spatial variability of soil moisture in a mining subsidence area of northwest China
Authors: Bai Lu , Wang Yajing , Zhang Kai , Yang Yingming , Bao Kaikai , Zhao Jiangang , Li Xiaonan
Published: August 2022

The current study investigated the impact of coal mining on deep soil moisture from the perspective of the absolute value of soil moisture. A combined classical statistics and multi-dimensional geo-statistics approach was employed to analyze the temporal and spatial changes in soil moisture from 0 to 10 m in the mining face of the Nalin River No. 2 Mine in Northwest China from the perspective of spatial variability. The results of the study show that compared with the control area, the average value of soil moisture in 1- and 2-year subsidence areas decreased by 1.18% and 0.96%, respectively, whereas the coefficient of variation increased by 17.92% and 3.63%, respectively. Interpolation of soil moisture spatial distribution results showed that the spatial variability of soil moisture in the control area was less than that in the subsidence areas, and the spatial variability of soil moisture in the 2-year subsidence area was less than that in the 1-year subsidence area, indicating that mining increases the spatial variability of soil moisture and that the degree of spatial variability of soil moisture decreases as the subsidence enters the stable period. These results provide evidence for the mechanism by which coal mining subsidence affects soil moisture. Preferential flow caused by surface cracks, soil texture, the soil pore microstructure, and other factors in the coal mining subsidence area are the primary drivers of the increase in spatial variability of soil moisture.
Selective Modulation of Cyp‐Mediated Metabolism in Liver Disease
Authors: Frye R.F. , Chaves‐Gnecco D. , Matzke G.R. , Rabinovitz M. , Shakil A.O. , Branch R.A.
Published: August 2022

Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics (2003) 73, P28–P28; doi:
Effect of probiotics and commensal flora on heat shock protein expression and NF‐κB activity in gut epithelial cells
Authors: Petrof E. O. , Kojima K. , Musch M. W. , De Simone C. , Chang E. B.
Published: August 2022

Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics (2003) 73, P65–P65; doi:
Sulfotransferase (sult) 1A1 pharmacogenetics: Functional 5′‐flanking region (5′‐FR) polymorphisms
Authors: Prondzinski J. , Thomae B. , Wang L. , Eckloff B. , Wieben E. , Weinshilboum R.
Published: August 2022

Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics (2003) 73, P77–P77; doi:
Compressibility effects on statistics and coherent structures of compressible turbulent mixing layers
Authors: Wang Xiaoning , Wang Jianchun , Chen Shiyi
Published: August 2022

The effects of compressibility on the statistics and coherent structures of a temporally developing mixing layer are studied using numerical simulations at convective Mach numbers ranging from

$M_c=0.2$

to

$1.8$

and at Taylor Reynolds numbers up to 290. As the convective Mach number increases, the streamwise dissipation becomes more effective to suppress the turbulent kinetic energy. At

$M_c=1.8$

, the streamwise dissipation increases much faster than the other two components in the transition region, even larger than pressure–strain redistribution, correlating with the streamwise elongated vortical structures at a higher level of compressibility. We confirm the existence of the large-scale high- and low-speed structures in the mixing layers, which accompany the spanwise Kelvin–Helmholtz rollers at low convective Mach number and dominate the mixing layer at higher convective Mach number. Conditional statistics demonstrate that the large-scale low-speed structures are lifted upwards by a pair of counter-rotating quasi-streamwise rollers flanking the structures. The small-scale vortical structures have an apparent preference for clustering into the top of the low-speed regions, which is directly associated with high-shearing motions on top of the low-speed structures. The high-speed structures statistically exhibit central symmetry with the low-speed structures. The statistics and dynamics of large-scale high- and low-speed structures in the compressible mixing layers resemble those in the outer region of the turbulent boundary layers, which reveals the universality of the large-scale structures in free shear and wall-bounded turbulence. A conceptual model is introduced for the large-scale high- and low-speed structures in turbulent mixing layers.
Assimilation of wall-pressure measurements in high-speed flow over a cone
Authors: Buchta David A. , Laurence Stuart J. , Zaki Tamer A.
Published: August 2022

A nonlinear ensemble-variational data assimilation is performed in order to estimate the unknown flow field over a slender cone at Mach 6, from isolated wall-pressure measurements. The cost functional accounts for discrepancies in wall-pressure spectra and total intensity between the experiment and the prediction using direct numerical simulations, as well as our relative confidence in the measurements and the estimated state. We demonstrate the robustness of the predicted flow by direct propagation of posterior statistics. The approach provides a unique first look at the flow beyond the sensor data, and rigorously accounts for the role of nonlinearity, unlike previous efforts that adopted ad hoc inflow syntheses. Away from the wall, two- and three-dimensional assimilated states both show rope-like structures, qualitatively similar to independent schlieren visualizations. Despite this resemblance, and even though the planar second modes are the most unstable upstream, three-dimensional waves must be included in the assimilation in order to accurately reproduce the wall-pressure measurements recorded in the AFRL Ludwieg Tube facility. The results highlight the importance of three-dimensionality of the field and of the base-state distortion on the instability waves in this experiment, and motivate future measurements that probe the three-dimensional nature of the flow field.
Hydroacoustic analysis of a marine propeller using large-eddy simulation and acoustic analogy
Authors: Posa Antonio , Broglia Riccardo , Felli Mario , Cianferra Marta , Armenio Vincenzo
Published: August 2022

The acoustic analogy is adopted to characterise the signature of a seven-bladed submarine propeller, relying on a high-fidelity large-eddy simulation, performed on a computational grid consisting of 840 million points. Results demonstrate that the nonlinear terms of the Ffowcs-Williams and Hawkings equation quickly become dominant moving away from the propeller along the direction of its wake development. While the linear terms experience a decay moving downstream, the nonlinear terms grow in the near wake, as a result of the development of wake instability. In particular, this growth affects frequencies lower than the blade frequency. Therefore, the acoustic signature of the propeller is mainly tonal in the near field only, due to the thickness and loading components of noise from the surface of the propeller and the periodic perturbation caused by its tip vortices. They develop instability at a faster rate, compared with the hub vortex, triggering the process of energy cascade towards higher frequencies and contributing in this way to broadband noise.
Intensity of repetitive negative thinking in depression is associated with greater functional connectivity between semantic processing and emotion regulation areas
Authors: Tsuchiyagaito Aki , Sánchez Stella M. , Misaki Masaya , Kuplicki Rayus , Park Heekyong , Paulus Martin P. , Guinjoan Salvador M.
Published: August 2022

Background

Repetitive negative thinking (RNT), a cognitive process that encompasses past (rumination) and future (worry) directed thoughts focusing on negative experiences and the self, is a transdiagnostic construct that is especially relevant for major depressive disorder (MDD). Severe RNT often occurs in individuals with severe levels of MDD, which makes it challenging to disambiguate the neural circuitry underlying RNT from depression severity.

Methods

We used a propensity score, i.e., a conditional probability of having high RNT given observed covariates to match high and low RNT individuals who are similar in the severity of depression, anxiety, and demographic characteristics. Of 148 MDD individuals, we matched high and low RNT groups (n = 50/group) and used a data-driven whole-brain voxel-to-voxel connectivity pattern analysis to investigate the resting-state functional connectivity differences between the groups.

Results

There was an association between RNT and connectivity in the bilateral superior temporal sulcus (STS), an important region for speech processing including inner speech. High relative to low RNT individuals showed greater connectivity between right STS and bilateral anterior insular cortex (AI), and between bilateral STS and left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC). Greater connectivity in those regions was specifically related to RNT but not to depression severity.

Conclusions

RNT intensity is directly related to connectivity between STS and AI/DLPFC. This might be a mechanism underlying the role of RNT in perceptive, cognitive, speech, and emotional processing. Future investigations will need to determine whether modifying these connectivities could be a treatment target to reduce RNT.
Presidents, Fed chairs, and the deviations from the Taylor rule
Authors: Chang Fang-Shuo , Chen Shiu-Sheng , Lin Tzu-Yu , Wang Po-Yuan
Published: August 2022

This paper examines whether changes in US presidential administration and central bank turnover during the period 1976–2016 caused regime shifts in Taylor rule deviations. Using a dynamic stochastic general equilibrium model to construct the welfare-maximizing policy rule and deviations from the optimal rule, we find evidence that politics indeed play a key role in explaining these deviations. In addition to politics, unemployment rates and the interest rate spread significantly account for regime shifts in Taylor rule deviations.
South Asian Monsoon Variability and Arctic Sea Ice Extent Linkages During the Late Pliocene
Authors: Behera Padmasini , Tiwari Manish , Kumar Vikash , Sarathchandraprasad T. , Tripathi Shubham
Published: August 2022

The influence of a warming‐induced reduction in Arctic sea ice extent (SIE) on the South Asian monsoon (SoAM) is not well understood. The mid‐Piacenzian Warm Period (MPWP, 3.264–3.025 million years ago, Ma), the most recent warm climate event when the Earth's CO2 levels were similar to the present, is considered an analog for future global warming. We present a multi‐proxy high‐resolution record of SoAM variability during the late Pliocene (∼3.4–2.7 Ma) using denitrification, productivity, weathering, and terrestrial influx proxies from the eastern Arabian Sea (International Ocean Discovery Program Expedition 355). The proxy‐based SoAM reconstruction is independently verified using a hybrid model‐proxy data set (Oscillayers). We identify two distinct intervals of monsoon intensification—during the MPWP and at 2.9 Ma. The SoAM variability appears to result from an interplay between dynamic (Insolation, Arctic SIE variability, and southern tropical Indian Ocean surface temperature variability due to Indonesian Throughflow changes) and thermodynamic effects (global temperature change due to pCO2 variability). Using a late Pliocene Arctic spring sea ice concentration reconstruction, we find that lower (higher) Arctic SIE leads to stronger (weaker) late Pliocene SoAM via asymmetric interhemispheric energy export and through modulating jet stream flow and meridional circulation. Our finding of strengthened SoAM during the MPWP corroborates model results and implies that more intense precipitation is expected over South Asia with continued climate warming.
Resolve the Clear‐Sky Continuous Diurnal Cycle of High‐Resolution ECOSTRESS Evapotranspiration and Land Surface Temperature
Authors: Wen Jiaming , Fisher Joshua B. , Parazoo Nicholas C. , Hu Leiqiu , Litvak Marcy E. , Sun Ying
Published: August 2022

Although numerous evapotranspiration (ET) estimates have been developed from remote sensing measurements, a diurnally resolved product with high spatial resolution (<100 m) is still lacking, which is critically needed for agricultural and ecological monitoring. The ECOsystem Spaceborne Thermal Radiometer Experiment on Space Station (ECOSTRESS) provides, for the first time, ET at 70 m resolution with diurnal samplings, enabling a step toward filling this data gap. This study developed the first framework to resolve the full diurnal cycle of ET and Land Surface Temperature (LST) from sporadic ECOSTRESS measurements. We first constructed 70 m diurnal LST utilizing a diurnal temperature cycle (DTC) model that fused ECOSTRESS and Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite (GOES) LST. Next, we derived 70 m diurnal ET from the diurnally resolved LST, along with ancillary meteorological and reflectance data sets, using the Priestley‐Taylor Jet Propulsion Laboratory (PT‐JPL) algorithm. This framework was tested in two regions: A relatively homogeneous semiarid grassland landscape (centered at the US‐Seg Ameriflux site) and a heterogeneous humid cropland landscape (centered at US‐ARM). Our diurnally resolved LST and ET successfully reproduced the spatial patterns in the native ECOSTRESS measurements during overpasses for both landscapes (LST: r > 0.97, RMSE ∼2°C; ET: r > 0.99, and RMSE = 1–7 W m−2). The constructed time series also well captured the temporal variability of the in situ measurements (especially under clear‐sky conditions) at both US‐Seg and US‐ARM, albeit performance varying with availability and quality of ECOSTRESS samples. This study sets the stage for testing and applying our framework to broader climates, biomes, and landscapes toward eventually generating diurnally resolved 70 m global operational LST/ET products to enhance ecological/agricultural applications.
Reproducibility of real-world evidence studies using clinical practice data to inform regulatory and coverage decisions
Authors: Wang Shirley V. , Sreedhara Sushama Kattinakere , Schneeweiss Sebastian ,   REPEAT Initiative, Franklin Jessica M. , Gagne Joshua J. , Huybrechts Krista F. , Patorno Elisabetta , Jin Yinzhu , Lee Moa , Mahesri Mufaddal , Pawar Ajinkya , Barberio Julie , Bessette Lily G. , Chin Kristyn , Gautam Nileesa , Ortiz Adrian Santiago , Sears Ellen , Stefanini Kristina , Zakarian Mimi , Dejene Sara , Rogers James R. , Brill Gregory , Landon Joan , Lii Joyce , Tsacogianis Theodore , Vine Seanna , Garry Elizabeth M. , Gibbs Liza R. , Gierada Monica , Isaman Danielle L. , Payne Emma , Alwardt Sarah , Arlett Peter , Bartels Dorothee B. , Bate Andrew , Berlin Jesse , Bourke Alison , Bradbury Brian , Brown Jeffrey , Burnett Karen , Brennan Troyen , Chan K. Arnold , Choi Nam-Kyong , de Vries Frank , Eichler Hans-Georg , Filion Kristian B. , Freeman Lisa , Hallas Jesper , Happe Laura , Hennessy Sean , Jónsson Páll , Ioannidis John , Jimenez Javier , Kahler Kristijan H. , Laine Christine , Loder Elizabeth , Makady Amr , Martin David , Nguyen Michael , Nosek Brian , Platt Richard , Platt Robert W. , Seeger John , Shrank William , Smeeth Liam , Sørensen Henrik Toft , Tugwell Peter , Uyama Yoshiaki , Willke Richard , Winkelmayer Wolfgang , Zarin Deborah
Published: August 2022

Studies that generate real-world evidence on the effects of medical products through analysis of digital data collected in clinical practice provide key insights for regulators, payers, and other healthcare decision-makers. Ensuring reproducibility of such findings is fundamental to effective evidence-based decision-making. We reproduce results for 150 studies published in peer-reviewed journals using the same healthcare databases as original investigators and evaluate the completeness of reporting for 250. Original and reproduction effect sizes were positively correlated (Pearson’s correlation = 0.85), a strong relationship with some room for improvement. The median and interquartile range for the relative magnitude of effect (e.g., hazard ratiooriginal/hazard ratioreproduction) is 1.0 [0.9, 1.1], range [0.3, 2.1]. While the majority of results are closely reproduced, a subset are not. The latter can be explained by incomplete reporting and updated data. Greater methodological transparency aligned with new guidance may further improve reproducibility and validity assessment, thus facilitating evidence-based decision-making. Study registration number: EUPAS19636.
The role of somatosensory innervation of adipose tissues
Authors: Wang Yu , Leung Verina H. , Zhang Yunxiao , Nudell Victoria S. , Loud Meaghan , Servin-Vences M. Rocio , Yang Dong , Wang Kristina , Moya-Garzon Maria Dolores , Li Veronica L. , Long Jonathan Z. , Patapoutian Ardem , Ye Li
Published: August 2022

Adipose tissues communicate with the central nervous system to maintain whole-body energy homeostasis. The mainstream view is that circulating hormones secreted by the fat convey the metabolic state to the brain, which integrates peripheral information and regulates adipocyte function through noradrenergic sympathetic output1. Moreover, somatosensory neurons of the dorsal root ganglia innervate adipose tissue2. However, the lack of genetic tools to selectively target these neurons has limited understanding of their physiological importance. Here we developed viral, genetic and imaging strategies to manipulate sensory nerves in an organ-specific manner in mice. This enabled us to visualize the entire axonal projection of dorsal root ganglia from the soma to subcutaneous adipocytes, establishing the anatomical underpinnings of adipose sensory innervation. Functionally, selective sensory ablation in adipose tissue enhanced the lipogenic and thermogenetic transcriptional programs, resulting in an enlarged fat pad, enrichment of beige adipocytes and elevated body temperature under thermoneutral conditions. The sensory-ablation-induced phenotypes required intact sympathetic function. We postulate that beige-fat-innervating sensory neurons modulate adipocyte function by acting as a brake on the sympathetic system. These results reveal an important role of the innervation by dorsal root ganglia of adipose tissues, and could enable future studies to examine the role of sensory innervation of disparate interoceptive systems.
A brainstem map for visceral sensations
Authors: Ran Chen , Boettcher Jack C. , Kaye Judith A. , Gallori Catherine E. , Liberles Stephen D.
Published: August 2022

The nervous system uses various coding strategies to process sensory inputs. For example, the olfactory system uses large receptor repertoires and is wired to recognize diverse odours, whereas the visual system provides high acuity of object position, form and movement1–5. Compared to external sensory systems, principles that underlie sensory processing by the interoceptive nervous system remain poorly defined. Here we developed a two-photon calcium imaging preparation to understand internal organ representations in the nucleus of the solitary tract (NTS), a sensory gateway in the brainstem that receives vagal and other inputs from the body. Focusing on gut and upper airway stimuli, we observed that individual NTS neurons are tuned to detect signals from particular organs and are topographically organized on the basis of body position. Moreover, some mechanosensory and chemosensory inputs from the same organ converge centrally. Sensory inputs engage specific NTS domains with defined locations, each containing heterogeneous cell types. Spatial representations of different organs are further sharpened in the NTS beyond what is achieved by vagal axon sorting alone, as blockade of brainstem inhibition broadens neural tuning and disorganizes visceral representations. These findings reveal basic organizational features used by the brain to process interoceptive inputs.
A microbial supply chain for production of the anti-cancer drug vinblastine
Authors: Zhang Jie , Hansen Lea G. , Gudich Olga , Viehrig Konrad , Lassen Lærke M. M. , Schrübbers Lars , Adhikari Khem B. , Rubaszka Paulina , Carrasquer-Alvarez Elena , Chen Ling , D’Ambrosio Vasil , Lehka Beata , Haidar Ahmad K. , Nallapareddy Saranya , Giannakou Konstantina , Laloux Marcos , Arsovska Dushica , Jørgensen Marcus A. K. , Chan Leanne Jade G. , Kristensen Mette , Christensen Hanne B. , Sudarsan Suresh , Stander Emily A. , Baidoo Edward , Petzold Christopher J. , Wulff Tune , O’Connor Sarah E. , Courdavault Vincent , Jensen Michael K. , Keasling Jay D.
Published: August 2022

Monoterpene indole alkaloids (MIAs) are a diverse family of complex plant secondary metabolites with many medicinal properties, including the essential anti-cancer therapeutics vinblastine and vincristine1. As MIAs are difficult to chemically synthesize, the world’s supply chain for vinblastine relies on low-yielding extraction and purification of the precursors vindoline and catharanthine from the plantCatharanthus roseus, which is then followed by simple in vitro chemical coupling and reduction to form vinblastine at an industrial scale2,3. Here, we demonstrate the de novo microbial biosynthesis of vindoline and catharanthine using a highly engineered yeast, and in vitro chemical coupling to vinblastine. The study showcases a very long biosynthetic pathway refactored into a microbial cell factory, including 30 enzymatic steps beyond the yeast native metabolites geranyl pyrophosphate and tryptophan to catharanthine and vindoline. In total, 56 genetic edits were performed, including expression of 34 heterologous genes from plants, as well as deletions, knock-downs and overexpression of ten yeast genes to improve precursor supplies towards de novo production of catharanthine and vindoline, from which semisynthesis to vinblastine occurs. As the vinblastine pathway is one of the longest MIA biosynthetic pathways, this study positions yeast as a scalable platform to produce more than 3,000 natural MIAs and a virtually infinite number of new-to-nature analogues.
Kinetic proofreading through the multi-step activation of the ZAP70 kinase underlies early T cell ligand discrimination
Authors: Voisinne Guillaume , Locard-Paulet Marie , Froment Carine , Maturin Emilie , Menoita Marisa Goncalves , Girard Laura , Mellado Valentin , Burlet-Schiltz Odile , Malissen Bernard , Gonzalez de Peredo Anne , Roncagalli Romain
Published: August 2022

T cells recognize a few high-affinity antigens among a vast array of lower affinity antigens. According to the kinetic proofreading model, antigen discrimination properties could be explained by the gradual amplification of small differences in binding affinities as the signal is transduced downstream of the T cell receptor. Which early molecular events are affected by ligand affinity, and how, has not been fully resolved. Here, we used time-resolved high-throughput proteomic analyses to identify and quantify the phosphorylation events and protein–protein interactions encoding T cell ligand discrimination in antigen-experienced T cells. Although low-affinity ligands induced phosphorylation of the Cd3 chains of the T cell receptor and the interaction of Cd3 with the Zap70 kinase as strongly as high-affinity ligands, they failed to activate Zap70 to the same extent. As a result, formation of the signalosome of the Lat adaptor was severely impaired with low- compared with high-affinity ligands, whereas formation of the signalosome of the Cd6 receptor was affected only partially. Overall, this study provides a comprehensive map of molecular events associated with T cell ligand discrimination.
A novel splice variant of Elp3/Kat9 regulates mitochondrial tRNA modification and function
Authors: Boutoual Rachid , Jo Hyunsun , Heckenbach Indra , Tiwari Ritesh , Kasler Herbert , Lerner Chad A. , Shah Samah , Schilling Birgit , Calvanese Vincenzo , Rardin Matthew J. , Scheibye-Knudsen Morten , Verdin Eric
Published: August 2022

Post-translational modifications, such as lysine acetylation, regulate the activity of diverse proteins across many cellular compartments. Protein deacetylation in mitochondria is catalyzed by the enzymatic activity of the NAD+-dependent deacetylase sirtuin 3 (SIRT3), however it remains unclear whether corresponding mitochondrial acetyltransferases exist. We used a bioinformatics approach to search for mitochondrial proteins with an acetyltransferase catalytic domain, and identified a novel splice variant of ELP3 (mt-ELP3) of the elongator complex, which localizes to the mitochondrial matrix in mammalian cells. Unexpectedly, mt-ELP3 does not mediate mitochondrial protein acetylation but instead induces a post-transcriptional modification of mitochondrial-transfer RNAs (mt-tRNAs). Overexpression of mt-ELP3 leads to the protection of mt-tRNAs against the tRNA-specific RNase angiogenin, increases mitochondrial translation, and furthermore increases expression of OXPHOS complexes. This study thus identifies mt-ELP3 as a non-canonical mt-tRNA modifying enzyme.
Prediction of mining-induced subsidence at Barapukuria longwall coal mine, Bangladesh
Authors: Alam A. K. M. Badrul , Fujii Yoshiaki , Eidee Shaolin Jahan , Boeut Sophea , Rahim Afikah Binti
Published: August 2022

It is essential to predict the mining-induced subsidence for sustainable mine management. The maximum observed subsidence having a noticeable areal extent due to Northern Upper Panels (NUP) and Southern Lower Panels (SLP) at the Barapukuria longwall coal mine is 5.8 m and 4.2 m, respectively, after the extraction of a 10 m thick coal seam. The mining-induced subsidence was simulated by the Displacement Discontinuity Method. The numerical model considered the effects of the ground surface, mining panels, faults, and the dyke. The predicted and the observed subsidence due to the mining of NUP and SLP were compared by varying Young's modulus, and the 0.10 GPa Young's modulus was found to be the best match in the geo-environmental condition. The effects of the faults and the dyke in the calculation were negligible. Future subsidence was predicted by considering 30 m extraction of the thick coal seam as 15.7–17.5 m in NUP and 8.7–10.5 m in SLP. The vulnerable areas demarcated considering the tilt angle and extensile strain might extend up to the coal mine office area and some villages.
Light olefin synthesis from a diversity of renewable and fossil feedstocks: state-of the-art and outlook
Authors: Chernyak Sergei A. , Corda Massimo , Dath Jean-Pierre , Ordomsky Vitaly V. , Khodakov Andrei Y.
Published: August 2022

This review highlights fundamental and applied aspects of the synthesis of light olefins from a variety of renewable and fossil feedstocks and looks at future trends and opportunities.
Designing coordination polymers as multi-drug-self-delivery systems for tuberculosis and cancer therapy: in vitro viability and in vivo toxicity assessment
Authors: Biswas Protap , Datta Hemanta Kumar , Dastidar Parthasarathi
Published: August 2022

A proof of concept for designing multi-drug-delivery systems suitable for self-drug-delivery is disclosed.
Polydopamine/IR820 nanoparticles as topical phototheranostics for inhibiting psoriasiform lesions through dual photothermal and photodynamic treatments
Authors: Nirmal G. R. , Lin Zih-Chan , Lin Chih-Hung , Sung Calvin T. , Liao Chia-Chih , Fang Jia-You
Published: August 2022

Dual photothermal and photodynamic therapy (PTT and PDT) is an attractive approach that generates a synergistic effect for inhibiting keratinocyte hyperproliferation in the treatment of psoriasis.
A pH-responsive crosslinker platform for antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) targeting delivery
Authors: Migliorini Francesca , Cini Elena , Dreassi Elena , Finetti Federica , Ievoli Giovanni , Macrì Giulia , Petricci Elena , Rango Enrico , Trabalzini Lorenza , Taddei Maurizio
Published: August 2022

Gallic acid, a key component of red wine tannins, has been transformed into a linker that releases Doxorubicine or Combretastatin A4 at pH 5.5 in cancer cells.
Recent advances in the applications of porous organic cages
Authors: Hu Dingyue , Zhang Jinjin , Liu Ming
Published: August 2022

This mini-review summarises the recent advances in applications of porous organic cages, which derived from the unique features of this new sub-class of porous materials.
New route to amide-functionalized N-donor ligands enables improved selective solvent extraction of trivalent actinides
Authors: Bulmer Rachel , Spencer Thomas B. , Wilden Andreas , Modolo Giuseppe , Vu Trong-Hung , Simonin Jean-Pierre , Lewis Frank W.
Published: August 2022

Functionalization of the camphor backbone leads to N-donor ligands for nuclear reprocessing with improved extraction properties.
Synthesis and characterization of homogeneous (U,Am)O2 and (U,Pu,Am)O2 nanopowders
Authors: Vigier Jean-François , Freis Daniel , Walter Olaf , Dieste Blanco Oliver , Bouëxière Daniel , Zuleger Evelyn , Palina Natalia , Vitova Tonya , Konings Rudy J. M. , Popa Karin
Published: August 2022

Sinterable homogeneous nanoparticles of [U,(Pu),Am]O2 are produced hydrothermally from corresponding oxalates. The uranium and americium oxidation states are diverse in both as-synthesized nanopowders and sintered materials.
Manganese halide hybrids with a reversible luminous color and their application for a white light-emitting diode
Authors: Fu Hanmei , Jiang Chunli , Luo Chunhua , Lin Hechun , Peng Hui
Published: August 2022

Two manganese halide hybrids, (C5H8N2)2MnCl4 and C5H8N2(MnCl2)xCly, with reversible luminous colors and their application for a white light-emitting diode.
Low-temperature synthesis of NaRE(WO4)2 films via anion exchange from layered rare-earth hydroxides (LRHs) films, phase/morphology evolution and photoluminescence
Authors: Wu Xiaoli , Dong Haocheng , Chen Taihui , Guo Yongping , Qin Sen
Published: August 2022

LRH films were prepared via electrodeposition within 10 minutes, and they were used as precursor templates to produce NaRE(WO4)2 films at pH ∼ 10. The obtained NaEu(WO4)2 and NaTb(WO4)2 films exhibit enhanced photoluminescence.
Reversible synthesis of structured MOF-to-metal oxide nanorods
Authors: Moran Colton M. , Joshi Jayraj N. , Feininger Harold P. , Walton Krista S.
Published: August 2022

MIL-53(Al) forms uniform, 1D structures when produced from insoluble metal sources. Pyrolysis of these structures forms new alumina-based nanorods that extend up to 5 μm in one dimension. No external template or structure–direction is required.
Effects of a long-short axis skeleton on the excited-state properties of ultraviolet hot exciton molecules: luminescence mechanism and molecular design
Authors: Jiang Xinnan , Wang Jiao , Liang Tingdong , Pan Yuyu , Yang Bing
Published: August 2022

To verify the effect of the long-axis substituent effect on the photophysical properties of UV hot exciton, we performed multiscale simulations on the reported compounds 2BuCz-CNCz and designed compounds 2Cz-CNCz, 2TPA-CNCz, 2Na-CNCz and 2An-CNCz.
Exploiting the “Lego brick” approach to predict accurate molecular structures of PAHs and PANHs
Authors: Ye Hexu , Alessandrini Silvia , Melosso Mattia , Puzzarini Cristina
Published: August 2022

The “Lego brick” approach applied to small PAHs and PANHs is of astrochemical interest: equilibrium geometries and rotational constants with spectroscopic accuracy.
Anchoring Co3S4 nanowires on NiCo2O4 nanosheet arrays as high-performance electrocatalyst for hydrogen and oxygen evolution
Authors: Wei Hao , Jiu Hongfang , Che Sicong , Wang Congli , Guo Zhixin , Han Yuxin , Qin Yaqi , Zhang Lixin
Published: August 2022

The NF/NiCo2O4/Co3S4 exhibits surprising electrocatalytic activity.
SnO deposition via water based ALD employing tin(ii) formamidinate: precursor characterization and process development
Authors: Huster Niklas , Ghiyasi Ramin , Zanders David , Rogalla Detlef , Karppinen Maarit , Devi Anjana
Published: August 2022

We report a new water-based thermal ALD process for the deposition of SnO using a liquid formamidine based tin(ii) precursor.
A direct Diels–Alder reaction of chitin derived 3-acetamido-5-acetylfuran
Authors: Pereira Juliana G. , Ravasco João M. J. M. , Vale João R. , Queda Fausto , Gomes Rafael F. A.
Published: August 2022

3A5AF, a biomass derived furan obtained from chitin, is used as a diene in the Diels–Alder reaction with maleimides. This allows the incorporation of bio-based nitrogen into the final products, a challenge unmet by commonly used furanics.
Stereoselective synthesis of the isoxazolidine ring via manganese(iii)-catalysed aminoperoxidation of unactivated alkenes using molecular oxygen in air under ambient conditions
Authors: Yamamoto Daisuke , Hirano Issei , Narushima Yuki , Soga Masayuki , Ansai Hiromasa , Makino Kazuishi
Published: August 2022

We developed a route for the tris(mono-ferrocene-functionalised β-diketonato) manganese(iii)-complex catalysed diastereoselective oxygenative aminoperoxidation of unactivated alkenes using molecular oxygen in air.
Development of an IoT-integrated multiplexed digital PCR system for quantitative detection of infectious diseases
Authors: Choi Ji Wook , Seo Won Ho , Lee Young Suh , Kim So Young , Kim Bong Suk , Lee Kyoung G. , Lee Seok Jae , Chung Bong Geun
Published: August 2022

IoT-integrated multiplexed digital PCR system for detection of infectious diseases.
The role of disorder in the motion of chiral active particles in the presence of obstacles
Authors: van Roon Danne M. , Volpe Giorgio , Telo da Gama Margarida M. , Araújo Nuno A. M.
Published: August 2022

Depending on the type and strength of disorder, the presence of obstacles in a medium can either enhance or hinder the diffusive transport of active particles.
Multifunctional long-lived catalysts for direct hydrogenative conversion of CO2 to liquid hydrocarbons with upscaling C5+ productivity
Authors: Kim Yongseok , Song Yohan , Kim Yuhwan , Na Kyungsu
Published: August 2022

Rationally designed K-promoted Fe/CuAl2O4 acts as a tandem catalyst for CO2 conversion to C5+ hydrocarbons via the reverse water–gas shift reaction and Fischer–Tropsch synthesis consecutively, achieving upscaling C5+ productivity and stability.
Engineering microbes to synthesize functionalized biopolymers
Authors: Zhou Kang
Published: August 2022

Engineering the metabolism of microbes has allowed simultaneous co-production of functional small molecules and biopolymers.
Recent progress in InGaN-based photodetectors for visible light communication
Authors: Kong Deqi , Zhou Yin , Chai Jixing , Chen Sheng , Chen Liang , Li Linhao , Lin Tingjun , Wang Wenliang , Li Guoqiang
Published: August 2022

This review summarizes the research on reducing the transit time, diffusion time, and RC time of InGaN-based visible light PDs to improve device performance, which is of great significance for the further development of visible light PDs.
Polarized SERS substrates with directionality, repeatability and orderability: an anisotropic Ag nanocavity array
Authors: Tang Xiuxia , Zhao Xiaoyu , Wen Jiahong , Liu Jia , Zhang Fengyi , Guo Xiaojie , Zhang Kun , Zhang Jian , Wang Aofang , Gao Renxian , Wang Yaxin , Zhang Yongjun
Published: August 2022

The anisotropic Ag nanocavity based on the shadow effect of the nanosphere array can effectively eliminate the background signals.
Enhanced emission efficiency in doped CsPbBr3 perovskite nanocrystals: the role of ion valence
Authors: Guan Mengyu , Xie Yunlong , Wang Yupeng , He Zhuojie , Qiu Lei , Liu Jun , Chen Keqiang , Yan Shaojiu , Li Guogang , Dai Zhigao
Published: August 2022

The photoluminescence quantum yield of CsPbBr3 nanocrystals is enhanced by reducing the bromine vacancy defects in the bulk and surface via doping divalent Sr2+ and trivalent La3+ with similar ionic radii and different valence states.
Actin dynamics in protein homeostasis
Authors: Williams Thomas D. , Rousseau Adrien
Published: August 2022

Cell homeostasis is maintained in all organisms by the constant adjustment of cell constituents and organisation to account for environmental context. Fine-tuning of the optimal balance of proteins for the conditions, or protein homeostasis, is critical to maintaining cell homeostasis. Actin, a major constituent of the cytoskeleton, forms many different structures which are acutely sensitive to the cell environment. Furthermore, actin structures interact with and are critically important for the function and regulation of multiple factors involved with mRNA and protein production and degradation, and protein regulation. Altogether, actin is a key, if often overlooked, regulator of protein homeostasis across eukaryotes. In this review, we highlight these roles and how they are altered following cell stress, from mRNA transcription to protein degradation.
Development and Utility of an International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health Code Set for Younger-Old Adults With Fall Risk: Implications for Audiologists
Authors: de Clercq Hendrika , Naudé Alida , Bornman Juan
Published: August 2022

Purpose:

Falling is a multifactorial condition that can cause severe injury and even death in older adults. Early identification of fall risk factors, as the first step of preventive health care, can assist in reducing the negative and often debilitating effects of falls in older adults. By using the World Health Organization's International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) framework to develop an ICF code set to identify fall risk factors in older adults, health care practitioners could obtain health information in a multidimensional way.

Method:

This study describes the final phase of a comprehensive, three-phase, mixed-methods sequential study. For this third phase, a pre–post group design that focused on the audiologist's perceptions of the clinical utility of a newly developed ICF code set was employed. The questionnaire that was used for this purpose consisted of two distinct sections: clinical application and clinical utility (viz., appropriateness, accessibility, practicability, acceptability, and professional utility). Thirty practicing audiologists participated in the study. Data were analyzed for each of the two sections of the questionnaire.

Results:

Results related to clinical application indicated that regardless of the audiologists' experience in routine fall risk assessment or fall risk factor identification, the use of the developed ICF code set increased their ability to correctly identify relevant clinical aspects. Results related to clinical utility showed high scores across all five measure components, with the highest clinical utility component being acceptability, closely followed by appropriateness and professional utility, and the lowest being accessibility.

Conclusion:

Several clinical implications have emerged from this study, including the usefulness of the ICF code set to identify and document fall risk factors in older adults, the code set's ability to guide audiologists to determine individualized assessment needs either by themselves or by other health care disciplines, and that the code set could be used by audiologists regardless of their experience in vestibular assessments.
Parameter optimization of control system design for uncertain wireless power transfer systems using modified genetic algorithm
Authors: Gao Xudong , Cao Wenjie , Yang Qiang , Wang Honglin , Wang Xiaolei , Jin Guang , Zhang Jun
Published: August 2022

The closed‐loop wireless power transfer (WPT) system can realize constant voltage output in the presence of perturbation. However, the parameter design of the controller is a difficult problem. The traditional trial‐and‐error method is time‐consuming and difficult to find optimal parameters. A parameter optimization strategy of control systems for uncertain WPT systems using the modified genetic algorithm (MGA) is proposed. Firstly, because the system has different characteristics at different periods, the simulation process is divided into three stages. The first one is the start‐up stage, in which we mainly consider the overshoot and the rate of the voltage rise. The second one is the tracking stage, in which the tracking time and switching loss are mainly considered. The third one is the stabilisation stage, in which the steady‐state error and switching loss are mainly considered. Secondly, three cost functions are designed according to the characteristics of the three stages, and then the optimal controller parameters of each stage are obtained by using MGA. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed method is verified by simulation. The optimization results show that compared with the previous parameter optimization method, the optimal controller parameters obtained by the proposed method make the WPT system achieve better performance.
Event‐triggered prescribed performance robust collision‐free capturing control for drag‐free spacecraft system
Authors: Wang Enyou , Liu Ming , Qiu Shi , Yu Yang , Cao Xibin
Published: August 2022

This paper addresses the capturing control problem of a plug‐and‐play modularized drag‐free spacecraft system, including two spherical proof masses, where the performance constraints, collision risk, uncertain model parameters, unknown external disturbances, and limited communication are considered simultaneously. First, a nonlinear relative dynamics of spherical proof masses with respect to spacecraft is formulated for the capture process. Second, two different prescribed performance event‐triggered robust collision‐free capturing control strategies are developed to capture the free‐floating proof masses successfully. Suppose only the performance metrics on the relative position are considered, and an event‐triggered adaptive terminal sliding mode capturing controller is implemented to achieve the capture process within a finite time. Suppose more performance constraints, such as the user predefined capture duration and the performance bounds on both the relative position and the relative velocity, are taken into account, and an event‐triggered appointed‐time prescribed performance capturing controller is proposed to solve the above issues. In particular, an artificial potential function is utilized to avoid the collision, and a relative threshold event‐triggered rule is employed to save the communication source between the controller and the actuator without any Zeno behaviour. The simulation results demonstrate the efficacy and superiority of the proposed method.
Unified multi‐stage fusion network for affective video content analysis
Authors: Yi Yun , Wang Hanli , Tang Pengjie
Published: August 2022

Affective video content analysis is an active topic in the field of affective computing. In general, affective video content can be depicted by feature vectors of multiple modalities, so it is important to effectively fuse information. In this work, a novel framework is designed to fuse information from multiple stages in a unified manner. In particular, a unified fusion layer is devised to combine output tensors from multiple stages of the proposed neural network. With the unified fusion layer, a bidirectional residual recurrent fusion block is devised to model the information of each modality. Moreover, the proposed method achieves state‐of‐the‐art performances on two challenging datasets, i.e. the accuracy value on the VideoEmotion dataset is 55.8%, and the MSE values on the two domains of EIMT16 are 0.464 and 0.176 respectively. The code of UMFN is available at: https://github.com/yunyi9/UMFN.
Enabling image optimisation and artificial intelligence technologies for better Internet of Things framework to predict COVID
Authors: M Allayla Noor , Nazar Ibraheem Farah , Adnan Jaleel Refed
Published: August 2022

Sensor technology advancements have provided a viable solution to fight COVID and to develop healthcare systems based on Internet of Things (IoTs). In this study, image processing and Artificial Intelligence (AI) are used to improve the IoT framework. Computed Tomography (CT) image‐based forecasting of COVID disease is among the important activities in medicine for measuring the severity of variability in the human body. In COVID CT images, the optimal gamma correction value was optimised using the Whale Optimisation Algorithm (WOA). During the search for the optimal solution, WOA was found to be a highly efficient algorithm, which has the characteristics of high precision and fast convergence. Whale Optimisation Algorithm is used to find best gamma correction value to present detailed information about a lung CT image, Also, in this study, analysis of important AI techniques has been done, such as Support Vector Machine (SVM) and Deep‐Learning (Deep‐Learning (DL)) for COVID disease forecasting in terms of amount of data training and computational power. Many experiments have been implemented to investigate the optimisation: SVM and DL with WOA and without WOA are compared by using confusion matrix parameters. From the results, we find that the DL model outperforms the SVM with WOA and without WOA.
A simple determination of the halo size from10Be/9Be data
Authors: Maurin D. , Ferronato Bueno E. , Derome L.
Published: August 2022

Context.The AMS-02 and HELIX experiments should soon provide10Be/9Be cosmic-ray data of unprecedented precision.

Aims.We propose an analytical formula to quickly and accurately determineLfrom these data.

Methods.Our formula is validated against the full calculation performed with the propagation codeUSINE. We compare the constraints onLset by Be/B and10Be/9Be, relying on updated sets of production cross-sections.

Results.The best-fitLfrom AMS-02 Be/B data is shifted from 5 kpc to 3.8 kpc when using the updated cross-sections. We obtained consistent results from the Be/B analysis withUSINE,L = 3.8−1.6+2.8kpc (data and cross-section uncertainties), and from the analysis of10Be/9Be data with the simplified formula,L = 4.7 ± 0.6 (data uncertainties) ±2 (cross-section uncertainties) kpc. The analytical formula indicates that improvements onLthanks to future data will be limited by production cross-section uncertainties, unless either10Be/9Be measurements are extended up to several tens of GeV/n, or nuclear data for the production of10Be and9Be are improved; new data for the production cross section of16O into Be isotopes above a few GeV/n are especially desired.
The destructive time of temperature stratification during human movement and the recovery time after the human movement in the displacement ventilation system
Authors: Feng Lu , Li Ruibin , Zhao Yi , Gao Naiping
Published: August 2022

Many factors such as human movement can weaken indoor temperature stratification and lead to the advantages of the displacement ventilation (DV) disappearing. Yet the investigation for the stratified destructive time during the human movement and the recovery time after human movement stops are still meagre so far. The concepts of dynamic steady-state and static steady-state are proposed to compute the stratified destructive time(Tb). The isothermal surface of 295K is engaged to explain the variation of Tb. At last, the stratified restoring time(Tc) after human movement stops are inquiries in our paper. The conclusion is as follows: Firstly, the value of Tb reaches a maximum value at the moving velocity of 1m/s, since the isothermal surface of 295K starts to be broken when the moving human velocity reaches 1.0m/s. However, the values of Tb remains about 50s for the human moving velocities between 2.4m/s to 4.0m/s. The reason is that the temperature stratification are disappear completely when the human moving velocity exceeds 2.4m/s. Finally, The Tc keeps in the 250s when the human moving velocity is between 1.2m/s to 2.0m/s. The current study provides new insights into the design of the DV system.