bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Imagining a Non-Violent World "The Be the Peace, Make a Change Project": A Rural Community Peacebuilding Initiative to End Gender-Based Violence
Authors: Ross Nancy
Published: July 2021

This article will profile the innovative community engagement process initiated by the "Be the Peace, Make a Change" project to end gender-based violence in Lunenburg County, Nova Scotia, and conclude with lessons learned. These lessons were summarized as "headlines" to imagine a future with new narratives for interpersonal relationships. This project was a three-year grassroots initiative of Second Story Women’s Centre, funded by Status of Women Canada. It engaged the rural communities of Lunenburg County to develop a coordinated response to violence against women and girls. It focused on the engagement of all genders, youth, and adults in exploring and implementing the visions, hopes and actions identified as priorities by the community within a peacebuilding framework. Community was broadly defined to include: survivors of relationship violence; professional service providers in healthcare, community services, policing and justice; municipal and provincial government; community-based services; educators and schools; clergy; and any interested citizens. The need to alter the cultural and social roots that sustain violence was recognized. A focus on building trusting partnerships both locally and provincially, inclusion of men and boys, engaging schools and youth and the justice systems, as well as survivors were hallmarks of the project.
The Clash of Civilizations? Statistical Evidence from Armed Conflicts, 1989-2015
Authors: Che Afa'anwi
Published: July 2021

Do armed conflicts in the contemporary post-Cold War period reflect a clash of civilizations (CoC) as predicted by Samuel Huntington? This study substantially broadens and temporally extends the scope of major extant quantitative tests of the CoC thesis by assessing not only interactions among states but also interactions between states and non-state armed groups, from 1989 to 2015. Based on Chi-square and logistic regression tests, this study does not find empirical support for the CoC thesis as a basis for adopting foreign policies of civilizational containment.
Learning Together to Heal: Toward an Integrated Practice of Transpersonal Psychology, Experiential Learning, and Neuroscience for Collective Healing
Authors: Arai Tatsushi , Niyonzima Jean
Published: July 2021

This essay brings together complementary insights from transpersonal psychology, experiential learning, and neuroscience to develop an integrated framework of psychosocial healing in societies affected by conflict and trauma. While transpersonal psychology examines the spiritual and transcendental aspects of psychosocial wellbeing, research on experiential learning examines how people learn from direct experience. Recognizing that both are useful for psychosocial healing, the first part of the essay explores how the two sets of activities can complement each other. Of particular interest is the role of transpersonal exercises such as yoga and meditation, as well as the purposeful use of experiential learning techniques such as storytelling, rituals, and metaphors. To examine the scientific foundations of these activities for psychosocial healing, findings from neuroscientific studies supported by the latest technology of neuroimaging will be discussed. The final section of the essay introduces a brief case study of the Ubuntu Center for Peace, a Rwanda-based nongovernmental organization dedicated to community-based psychosocial support. The case study illustrates how the proposed integrative framework can be used to tackle a real-world context of conflict and trauma. It includes preliminary findings from a program evaluation of the community-based social healing initiative that the Ubuntu Center carried out in Rwanda.
Navigating “Red Lines” and Transcending the Binary: Tensions in the Pedagogical and Political Goals of Peace Education Work
Authors: Ross Karen
Published: July 2021

In this article I explore the tensions that arise in the context of educational initiatives implemented by organizations that have both pedagogical and political aspirations. I draw on the work of Sadaka Reut, a veteran Jewish-Palestinian peace education organization, to highlight how the ideological commitments held by an organization working for structural equality can limit possibilities for openness to multiple perspectives and can thus serve as a barrier towards successfully achieving pedagogical aspirations, in particular Sadaka Reut’s goal of educating towards a binational community of Jewish and Palestinian activists working in partnership. I also highlight the tension inherent in working simultaneously to help Jewish and Palestinian participants develop a strong sense of ethno-national identity; and to facilitate the development of a transcendent identity as activists in solidarity.
The Cycle of Insecurity: Reassessing the Security Dilemma as a Conflict Analysis Tool
Authors: Mitchell David
Published: July 2021

This article critically reassesses one of the classic ideas in International Relations, the security dilemma. It argues that the key insight of security dilemma theory has been obscured – by reductionist debates on single causes of conflict, inconclusive applications, and definitional disputes – and that the security dilemma’s enduring utility is as a model of the relational dynamic inherent in all conflict, the cycle of insecurity. Through a reappraisal of the literature, the article elucidates three essential dimensions of the cycle: an environment of structural uncertainty; interdependent collective identities; and an escalating and self-perpetuating dynamic. The power and validity of this threefold framework is then demonstrated by an analysis of the conflict in Northern Ireland, a hitherto unexplored case study in the security dilemma literature. The article shows how this construction of the security dilemma offers a convincing, comprehensive and flexible conflict analysis tool which is of both scholarly and practical utility.
Estranged Political Relationships: Demystifying the Root Causes of Violent Conflicts in South Sudan
Authors: Onapa Sam
Published: July 2021

The breaking of peace agreements and the subsequent perpetuation of civil war in South Sudan are sustained by the failure to adopt broad interventions addressing the many layers of the conflict. An understanding of the multiple causes of the conflict can form the basis for a successful and durable peace agreement. To investigate why violent conflict persists, semi-structured in-depth interviews were conducted with 29 major stakeholders, including conflict parties, mediators, eminent South Sudanese personalities, scholars and civil society leaders. The responses were grouped into five major themes: historical conflicts, estranged political relationships, power struggles, resource control and ethnic violence (not included in this article). The results suggest that estranged political relationships, characterized by fear, anger, bitterness, distrust and the urge for revenge, are born out of historical conflicts that remain unresolved. The ensuing power struggles and ethnic violence are motivated by the estranged political relationships between the top leaders. Dealing with their estrangements, therefore, forms the base from which historical conflicts can be addressed towards lasting agreements and sustainable peace in South Sudan.
Measuring Intergroup Forgiveness: The Enright Group Forgiveness Inventory
Authors: Enright Robert , Johnson Julie , Na Fu , Erzar Tomaz , Hirshberg Matthew , Huang Tina , Klatt John , Lee Chansoon (Danielle) , Boateng Benjamin , Boggs Preston , Hsiao Tung-En , Olson Chelsea , Shu Mei Ling , Song Jacqueline , Wu Peiying , Zhang Baoyu
Published: July 2021

Until recently, researchers operationalized and measured the psychological construct of forgiveness at the individual, rather than the group, level. Social psychologists started applying forgiveness to groups and examining the role intergroup forgiveness may have in conflict resolution and peace efforts. Initial attempts to define and measure forgiveness at the group level either assumed individual and group capacities were the same, or insufficiently described what intergroup forgiveness meant. We developed a new measure of intergroup forgiveness, and a novel group administration process, that operationalized the construct in a philosophically coherent way. Our conceptualization of intergroup forgiveness was rooted in what groups, as opposed to the individuals who compose them, have the capacity to do. We collected data on the psychometric properties of the measure with 595 participants in three different geographic and cultural settings. We assessed the factor structure, internal consistency, and validity of the measure. We also assessed a novel group-based method of administering the measure to better understand the relationship between group based reports and self-reports of intergroup forgiveness. The factor structure of the measure was supported, and the measure had strong internal consistency, as well as convergent and discriminant validity. The group administration process revealed important group dynamics and was not statistically different than a standard self-report administration; this finding has important implications for research and practice.
Loose Coupling in Curriculum Reforms: Rural Teachers´ Perceptions of Peace Education in Post-Conflict Colombia
Authors: Pineda Pedro , Meier Markus
Published: July 2021

Previous research has shown how peace education (PE) mutates according to socio-political and curricular/didactic traditions, but we still need to know how PE disseminates at the school level. We surveyed teachers from 12 rural schools of the violent Amazon region of Colombia where a national Law made PE mandatory in schools and universities. Teachers working on schools affected by the armed conflict have high expectations about PE. Respondents identified PE with 21 didactic elements: (a) Approaches: values education, citizenship education, critical pedagogy; (b) Pedagogical principles: diversity and pluralism. (c) Learning processes: peaceful conflict resolution, promotion of a “life project”, political participation. (d) Topics: justice, human rights, nature preservation, culture preservation, school bullying, historical memory or peace treaties´ history, “risk prevention”. (e) Pedagogic means: “games”, multimedia, “recreation”, and social projects. (f) Teaching methods: action research and moral dilemmas. Teachers also have opposing views about the history of PE. We could not find a systematic pattern of responses about the pedagogical principles or theoretical sources of inspiration of PE. We discuss the differences between present PE reforms and the previous tradition related to classical education that promoted moral, historical, and political capacities linked to school subjects in the context of post-conflict societies.
A Weapon of Legitimacy: China’s Integrative Power and its Impact on its Reactions on Domestic Conflicts
Authors: Wong Kwok Chung
Published: July 2021

The rise of China has provided a plethora of different powers it can use to its advantage, continues its rise, or punish noncompliance. Throughout the years of China's rising, it has been accumulating considerable hard power in its military and economic capabilities, while also trying to improve on its soft power of cultural values. However one often overlooked, and under-appreciated power of China is the integrative power of Chinese nationalism. This integrative power that comes from China’s acute usage of nationalism to support the legitimacy of its one-party system. This study argues that China has an excess of integrative power and that China has skillfully used it to turn unfavorable events and threats, such as the Hong Kong protests of 2019, back to their advantage; even if this would mean that China is a primary facilitator of conflict and also at times an inhibitor to the de-escalation of conflict.
Reintegration of Al-Shabaab’s Defectors in Somalia: An Examination of Conditions for Successful Reintegration
Authors: Nagai Yosuke
Published: July 2021

This article attempts to examine an issue regarding the reintegration of disengaged Al-Shabaab combatants in Somalia. Nowadays, some countries have undergone current generation disarmament, demobilization and reintegration (DDR), known as third-generation DDR; in the Somali context, although DDR is designed to disengage and rehabilitate defectors of Al-Shabaab for their reintegration into society, in practice, its implementation is not preceded by conventional approaches to conventional DDR, and it has suffered from various problems and contradictions. Previous research and information on the subject are extremely limited, due to a severe security situation. Accordingly, the author conducted interviews in Somalia in 2016 and 2019 with disengaged combatants and community members, to examine conditions necessary for good reintegration. The findings of the interviews revealed a gap in understanding between ex-combatants and members of the community, which significantly undermines the prospect of successful reintegration. A detailed analysis of the findings firstly shows that two problems exist regarding rehabilitation: a lack of knowledge, and an absence of accountability and transparency; secondly, further associated problems, such as severe unemployment, unstable security, financial difficulty, and distrust of the current government, which has devastating consequences for reintegration.
Teaching peace by using nonviolent communication for difficult conversations in the college classroom
Authors: Koopman Sara , Seliga Laine
Published: July 2021

Having empathy and respect for oneself and others when engaging in difficult dialogue is an essential part of peace education. Gandhi emphasized that involving emotions was more transformative than purely intellectual approaches to education. Nonviolent communication (NVC), as developed by Marshall Rosenberg, is a tool for fostering empathy and building connection across difference. Using NVC for difficult conversations in any college classroom is a way of mainstreaming peace education across the curriculum. Though there is literature on difficult conversations in the college classroom, and on the effectiveness of NVC in general and in K-12 classrooms, there is very little on NVC in college spaces, and none on NVC for difficult conversations. In this primarily qualitative study college students were asked to use NVC to discuss controversial nonviolent actions. We found that even when both professor and students were NVC beginners, students were able to use it to discuss polarizing protests in a class with a diversity of views and needs for respect were overwhelmingly met. NVC was also useful for deepening analysis of the effectiveness of nonviolent actions, and could serve as a tool of emotional regulation for nonviolent action, or a modern day sort of purification for satyagraha.
Üniversite Öğrencilerinde Covid-19 Korkusunun Yordayıcısı Olarak Belirsizliğe Tahammülsüzlük
Authors: ÇARKIT Ersoy
Published: July 2021

Bu araştırmanın amacı, üniversite öğrencilerinde belirsizliğe tahammülsüzlüğün COVID-19 korkusunu yordayıcı rolünü incelemektir. Çalışma grubu, 324 kadın (%76.1) 102 erkek (%23.9) olmak üzere toplam 426 üniversite öğrencisinden oluşmaktadır. Katılımcıların yaş ortalaması 21.23’tür (standart sapma = 2.99). Bu araştırma nicel araştırma yöntemlerinden ilişkisel tarama modeli ile yürütülmüştür. Araştırmanın verileri COVID-19 Korkusu Ölçeği, Belirsizliğe Tahammülsüzlük Ölçeği ve Kişisel Bilgi Formu ile toplanmıştır. Verilerin analizinde Pearson korelasyon ve çoklu doğrusal regresyon analizleri kullanılmıştır. Araştırma bulgularına göre ileriye yönelik kaygı ve engelleyici kaygı, COVID-19 korkusunu anlamlı ve pozitif yönde yordamaktadır. Sonuçlar tartışılmış ve öneriler sunulmuştur.
УСЛОВНО-ПАТОГЕННАЯ БАКТЕРИОФЛОРА ЛЕЩА
(ABRAMIS BRAMA L.) ВИСЛИНСКОГО ЗАЛИВА
Authors: Балычева В.Б. , Казимирченко О.В.
Published: July 2021

Проведено исследование микрофлоры леща (Abramis brama L.) Вислинского залива с

видимыми патологиями на кожных покровах. Микробиологический анализ пораженных

участков кожи и измененных внутренних органов выявил наличие большого количества

штаммов условно-патогенных Аeromonas allosaccharophila и санитарно-значимых Сitrobacter

freundii бактерий. У леща также отмечено носительство патогенных бактерий Aeromonas

hydrophila, обнаруженных в составе микрофлоры кожи. Идентифицированные микроорганизмы при существовании в ассоциациях друг с другом и наличии отрицательно действующих факторов среды способны инициировать инфекционный процесс у леща Вислинского

залива
ВЛИЯНИЕ РАЗНЫХ СУБСТРАТОВ НА РАЗМНОЖЕНИЕ
КОРНЕВЫМИ ЧЕРЕНКАМИ ПИОНА МОЛОЧНОЦВЕТКОВОГО
PAEONIA LACTIFLORA PALL.
Authors: Жукова А. А. , Коршикова Н. Г.
Published: July 2021

В статье представлены результаты исследования особенностей размножения пиона корневыми черенками. На первом этапе исследовали способности к размножению корневыми черенками трех сортов: «Sweet Sixteen» (Свит Сикстин), «Maestro» (Маэстро), «Sarah Bernhardt» (Сара Бернар) – для выявления сорта с более высокими показателями укоренения.

По результатам выбрали сорт «Sarah Bernhardt» (укоренение черенков 60 %, против 32 и 12 % соответственно).

На втором этапе опыта изучили влияние субстрата и диаметра корневого черенка на укоренение, на примере сорта «Sarah Bernhardt» (Сара Бернар). Корневые черенки обработали Фитоспорином М. и регулятором роста Корневин СП.

Варианты опыта: контроль – торфогрунт без обработки Фитоспорином М., торфогрунт, вермикулит, сфагнум, перлит. Во всех вариантах, кроме контроля, субстраты обработаны Фитоспорином М.

Установлено, что наиболее оптимальный вариант для укоренения – торфогрунт, обработанный Фитоспорином М. В контроле процент укоренения равен 83,4 %, средняя длина

образовавшихся корешков от 1,8 до 2,9 см, а среднее число образовавшихся корешков на черенке равно 6,2 шт. В варианте с обработанным торфогрунтом процент укоренения равен

94,5 %, средняя длина образовавшихся корешков от 1,3 до 3,8 см, а среднее число образовавшихся корешков на черенке равен 14,4 шт. Остальные субстраты оказались непригодными для укоренения черенков.

На результаты укоренения черенков оказывало влияние диаметр черенка. Черенки диаметром 2,0 см имели меньший процент укоренения по сравнению с черенками диаметром 1,0 и 1,5 см.
ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТЬ ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЯ ПРЕПАРАТА «ТРЕНЕР»
НА ПОСЕВАХ ОЗИМОЙ ПШЕНИЦЫ (TRITICUM AESTIVUM L.)
В УСЛОВИЯХ ОРГАНИЧЕСКОГО ЗЕМЛЕДЕЛИЯ
Authors: Смирнова Е.А. , Калинина Е.А.
Published: July 2021

В статье изложены практические результаты опыта по действию биологического препарата «Тренер» на посевные качества семян, показатели урожайности озимой пшеницы и

элементы структуры урожая в условиях органического земледелия. Установлено, что препарат «Тренер» положительно влияет на энергию прорастания семян и их всхожесть, повышая

эти показатели на 12,28 и на 6,27 % по сравнению с контролем. Основные показатели урожайности также увеличивались под воздействием препарата «Тренер». Масса 1000 зерен в

опытном варианте увеличилась на 4,0 % по сравнению с контролем. Урожайность зерна была

больше по сравнению с вариантом без обработки на 1,7 т/га. Проведенные исследования показали, что в условиях органического земледелия при возделывании озимой пшеницы возможно применение препарата «Тренер» для повышения посевных качеств и урожайности

при обработке посевов в фазы: кущения, выхода в трубку, колошения с нормой расхода препарата 2 л/га.
ВЛИЯНИЕ РАСТИТЕЛЬНЫХ ПИЩЕВЫХ
КОМПОНЕНТОВ НА СОХРАНЕНИЕ КАЧЕСТВА
СОЛЁНОЙ РЫБЫ
Authors: Мелехина М. Д. , Степаненко Е. И.
Published: July 2021

Показана возможность использования пищевых растительных компонентов, а именно

экстракта розмарина и эфирного масла грейпфрута, для производства солёной лососевой

продукции с целью замены синтетических консервантов. Установлены оптимальные

концентрации экстрактов и эфирных масел гвоздики, грейпфрута и розмарина, улучшающие

вкусо-ароматические свойства солёной лососевой продукции. Представлены результаты

физико-химических и микробиологических исследований.
Repercusión social del embarazo en adolescentes
Authors: Segovia Solange Karina Quijije
Published: July 2021

RESUMEN

La investigación tuvo como objetivo analizar la realidad de la educación familiar y el embarazo a temprana edad en el país, el cual se considera como problema social y de salud pública siendo el grupo de mayor vulnerabilidad las adolescentes con deficiencia de conocimientos en educación sexual, el diagnóstico demostró que la mayoría de los casos  tienen afectaciones en la salud de la madre y del hijo por nacer, ocasionando alteraciones en la calidad de vida de ellas, familia y sociedad,  los padres a su vez no brindan la suficiente confianza para dialogar sobre estos temas transcendentes, buscando en personas ajenas al hogar información que puede ser errada. Se utilizó los siguientes métodos teóricos: inductivo-deductivo y descriptivo, y como métodos empíricos encuestas a padres, adolescentes y entrevistas a especialistas en la temática de investigación. La investigación se realizó en el centro de salud Jipijapa, con las adolescentes embarazadas controladas, edades que oscila entre  17 a 19 años representando el grupo de mayor frecuencia de atención y con 3 embarazadas entre 10 a 13 años de edad. Un dato importante de destacar es un elevado porcentaje de padres de familia que no mantienen un dialogo fluido con sus hijos. El aporte teórico del trabajo lo constituyó la fundamentación de un club de madres adolescentes y una escuela para padres surgiendo participación activa de ambos grupos como alternativa para dar solución al problema planteado.

 

ABSTRACT

The research had as objective analize the reality of the familiar education and pregnancy to early age in the country, which consider as social problem and public health being the vulnerability main group the teenagers with deficiency of knowledges in sexual education, the diagnostic showed that mayority of the cases have affections in the health of the mother and son to born, causing changes in the quality of life of their family and society, the parents not give the sufficient confidence to dialogue about these trascendents topics, searching in people to home information that can wrong. Used the following theorical methods descriptive inductive deductive and as empirical method as surveys to parents and teenagers and interviews with specialists in the topic of researchs field. The research was conducted at health center Jipijapa, with pregnants teenagers controled, ages that ranging from 17 and 19 representing the mayor group of more frequent attention and 3 pregnants from 10 to 13 years old. An important point to note is a high percent of parents of famiy that not care a dialogue fluid with their sons. The theorical contribution from job constituted the foundametation of a club of pregnants mothers and a parents schcool  emerging active participation of both groups as an alternative to give solution to established  problem.
Rancang Bangun Sensor Node Untuk Sistem Monitoring Energi Listrik Nirkabel Pada Gedung Dalam Kampus Politeknik Negeri Samarinda
Authors: Alfan Alfan , Murdiyat Prihadi , Gunanto Lucianus Handri
Published: July 2021

Monitoring pemakaian energi listrik secara teratur perlu dilakukan untuk mengetahui besarnya energi listrik yang digunakan selama selang waktu tertentu. Dengan demikian usaha-usaha penghematan dapat dilakukan. Di Politeknik Negeri Samarinda, alat ukur energi listrik hanya terdapat di panel utama Politeknik. Akibatnya, sulit untuk mengetahui pemakaian energi listrik di tiap gedung, dan berapa besar penghematannya jika penggunaan listrik disesuaikan dengan perhitungan kebutuhan. Karena itu dibangunlah sistem monitoring energi listrik, yang unit sensor node-nya dirancang bangun dalam penelitian ini. Jaringan sistem monitoring sumber daya listrik dan air sendiri sedang dikembangkan dalam penelitian dosen. Pada unit sensor node ini, pembacaan nilai besaran listrik dilakukan oleh sensor PZEM-004T. Data yang dibaca oleh sensor akan diproses oleh Arduino Nano lalu di tampilkan di LCD 20x4 dan selanjutnya dikirim secara nirkabel ke gateway/sink melalui transmitter gelombang radio LoRa. Data yang diterima oleh receiver LoRa pada unit gateway akan dikirim ke server melalui jaringan internet dalam kampus. Website sistem monitoring dapat diakses oleh otoritas kampus dari mana saja. Dengan membandingkan hasil pengukuran oleh sensor PZEM-004T dengan alat ukur PQA, diperoleh perbedaan sebesar 0.291 % untuk tegangan, 2.634 % untuk arus, 2.421 % untuk daya semu, 2.449 % untuk daya aktif, 6.505 % untuk faktor daya dan 0.256 % untuk frekuensi. Selain itu untuk uji transmisi di mana sensor node diletakkan dalam ruangan Gedung Jurusan Teknik Elektro yang berjarak 111.32 m dari Laboratorium Jurusan Teknik Elektro, tampak bahwa data yang dikirim masih dapat diterima dengan baik.
The Embodiment of an Authentic Filipino Art of Self-Preservation and Well-being
Authors: Sanchez Domenic T. , Sanchez Rafael D.
Published: July 2021

The study highlights the cultural and historical significance of arnis or eskrima, the indigenous art of self-preservation developed by the early Filipino natives. As a form of self-defense, arnis or eskrima is deemed to have evolved in the Philippines during the pre-colonial period through ingenuity, multi-cultural interaction, and friendship between them and Asian traders. Arnis is a graceful yet exquisite hand-to-hand and armed routine intended for combat with a peculiar history linked to rebellion and struggles among commoners who sought freedom from the reigning colonizers. It is interesting to report that the symbolic authentic Filipino martial art (F.M.A.), which has been passed on through generations, had eventually reached the pedestal of recognition as a national sport, art, and culture of the Philippines under the Republic Act 9850. Arnis continues to get popular from the local to the international arena, where Filipino grandmasters, masters, and practitioners conduct seminar training and promotional tournaments to brush elbows with their counterparts in high regard and camaraderie. As a sport, it contributes to the physical development, well-being, discipline, and character of the players or practitioners from different walks of life. The Filipino people's sense of nationalism, patriotism, and national identity is reflected in arnis, a part of their rich historical and cultural heritage.
Effectiveness of Chironomid Larvae in Compare to Other Fish Foods on Growth Parameters and Body Protein of Two Economically Important Fishes
Authors: Nath Susanta , Samanta Shreya , Das Sudipta
Published: July 2021

With the increasing human population, the demand for healthy, nutritious but cheap food also increasing day by day. The product of aquaculture mainly fish is more efficient to improve global food security. Along with the seafood, the effort is going on for more production of freshwater fish. For that reason, proper growth and sufficient proximate principles in fish are essential with a low-cost but healthy fish diet. Trichogaster fasciata and, Heteropneustes fossilis were fed with fourth instar larvae of Chironomus striatipennis (F1), dry Tubifex (F2), and granular floating type aquarium fish food (F3) respectively to observe the nutritional effect of different fish meal. Fish fed with F1 showed effective food conversion ratio and specific growth rate in comparison to fish fed on F2 and F3 respectively. The average daily gain was 214.3 % and 47.61% respectively in two fish when fed with F1. Percent gain weight increased from 1.12 (7th day) to 15.03 (28th day) in T. fasciata and 1.497 (7th day) to 8.21 (28th day) in H. fossilis when fed on F1. The result also showed that the protein level was increased steadily in both fishes when fed with F1 in comparison to other foods. It may be concluded that live larvae of Chironomus striatipennis were more effective fish food than dry Tubifex and aquarium fish food. It is a natural organic fish food with a negligible wastage used for fish and keeps the culture medium clean and debris-free with an ecofriendly environment.
Sistema web para la recopilación de evidencias generadas por docentes universitarios
Authors: Buñay Guisñan Pamela Alexandra , Mazón Fierro Guido Javier , Narváez Vilema Miryan , Paguay Soxo Paúl Xavier
Published: July 2021

Como parte de las TICs, los sistemas informáticos juegan un papel importante en la automatización de los procesos de las diferentes instituciones. En la carrera de Ingeniería en Sistemas y Computación de la UNACH, el proceso de recopilación, revisión y evaluación de evidencias se realizaba manualmente, ocasionando una serie de inconvenientes tales como: pérdida de información, información duplicada, pérdida de tiempo, errores y falta de espacio físico. Realizar la evaluación de las evidencias ocasionaba que el responsable se movilice a los diferentes lugares donde la información estaba almacenada, causando pérdida de tiempo y esfuerzo. La constatación de entrega de evidencias se hacía en un archivo de Excel, creando versiones de la misma evidencia para diferentes procesos ocasionando dificultad para centralizar las evidencias, validar y generar reportes del cumplimiento de las actividades realizadas por los docentes. Por tal motivo el objetivo de esta investigación es desarrollar un sistema web que ayude a los docentes a registrar las evidencias generadas en los diferentes procesos académicos, las mismas que serán evaluadas por una comisión de expertos. Se analizó el antes y después de usar el sistema mediante la prueba paramétrica T-student con una muestra menor a 30, determinando que hubo un incremento del 37.63% en el cumplimiento docente al utilizar el sistema. Al analizar el sistema el número de evidencias solicitadas aumentó al 57.14% y disminuyó el tiempo de revisión a un 66.66%.
Miniaturización de una Antena Microstrip Aplicando Diseño Fractal T-cuadrado
Authors: Hernandez Ambato Valeria , Moreno Avilés Hugo
Published: July 2021

Este documento describe el diseño e implementación de una antena fractal microstrip miniaturizada con frecuencia de  operación a 2.4 GHz para la aplicación en dispositivos portables. La antena se desarrolló considerando la frecuencia de operación y las características del material. El material utilizado es RO4003C con permitividad dieléctrica εr = 3.38 y espesor h = 0.254 mm. Se aplicó dos técnicas de miniaturización: por la forma y ranura en el parche. La forma del parche miniaturizado se deﬁnió en la segunda iteración del diseño fractal del T-cuadrado. El proceso de optimización del diseño de la antena se realizó mediante simulaciones y se utilizó la herramienta Ansoft Designer. Se implementó el diseño de la antena ﬁnal que alcanzó el valor del parámetro S de -21 dB. Las mediciones se realizaron con la antena transmisora y receptora separadas a 15 cm y con potencia de entrada de 15 dBm. El diseño del parche ﬁnal presentó el 46,65 % de miniaturización del tamaño con respecto al parche original. La optimización del diseño ﬁnal de la antena presentó el 62,2 % de reducción en el tamaño con respecto a la antena microstrip inicial.
Producción de oxihidrógeno como alternativa energética
Authors: Rosero Espín Marco , González Humberto , Ochoa Patricia , Díaz Magdalena , Jiménez Edward , Castillo Cristina , Chulde Diego , Stahl Ullrich
Published: July 2021

El empleo de oxihidrógeno (HHO) en los motores de combustión interna de gran potencia, mejora su desempeño, en comparación con combustibles fósiles. El propósito de este trabajo es mostrar el potencial de producción electroquímica de HHO como el deterioro de sus electrodos. El proceso incluye el uso de reactores electroquímicos de celdas húmedas y secas, alimentadas con corriente continua. En este trabajo dichas celdas emplean soluciones acuosas 0.3 M y 1 M de hidróxido de sodio (NaOH) las cuales favorecen las reacciones de óxido reducción en los electrodos. El gas generado se recolecta, su composición es determinada por un equipo detector de gases portátil y se prueba su poder de combustión. El deterioro de las celdas se analiza identificando las variaciones físicas de los electrodos por inspección visual. Se comprueba la producción de HHO con un promedio de 1240 mililitros por minuto, con una relación 2:1 (H2/O2).
Estimación de la función de densidad no paramétrica para caracterizar los tiempos de reconfiguración empleados por los controladores de un prototipo de Robot Planar
Authors: Mantilla Alex , Meneses Antonio , Zúñiga Lourdes
Published: July 2021

Este artículo presenta un prototipo de robot planar, el cual dispone de dos controladores para dar solución a trayectorias de la cinemática inversa, de modo que, si el controlador principal falla, el otro controlador sea capaz de retomar el control del prototipo en el menor tiempo posible, resolviendo la trayectoria en curso. Este proceso se conoce como reconfiguración. En este estudio se pretende estimar una función de densidad no paramétrica capaz de caracterizar el comportamiento de los tiempos empleados por los controladores para la reconfiguración. La función ha sido determinada por el método de kernel o núcleo y la mejor estimación se obtiene con el núcleo Normal o Gaussiano bajo el criterio del error cuadrático medio y en función de la propuesta de Silverman para la selección del ancho de banda. En conclusión, la fiabilidad de los controladores está directamente relacionada con la trayectoria diseñada.
A STUDY TO ASSESS THE KNOWLEDGE OF STRESS MANAGEMENT TECHNIQUES AMONG PEDIATRIC NURSES IN SELECTED HOSPITALS AT NAGERCOIL
Authors: latha Ms. Prema , rani Dr. Sharmila Jansi Rani
Published: July 2021

ABSTRACT
Stress is a part and parcel of human lifestyle. Stress is a bodily or mental tension resulting from factors that
tend to alter an existent equilibrium. Nursing is generally perceived as demanding profession. AIM: The study
was carried out with the objectives to assess the knowledge of stress management techniques among pediatric
nurses and to associate with their socio demographic variables. METHODS: Non experimental research design
was adopted.30 nurses working in selected tertiary care hospital were selected by using convenient sampling
technique. TOOL: Data was collected by using self-structured knowledge questionnaire consists of 15 questions
regarding Stress management techniques as 2-items of healthy stress comprises 5-questions, and Personal
stress comprises 10-questions. RESULTS: Level of knowledge among Age related was more than 30 years were
24(80%), and less than 30 years were 6(20%); there is difference in Gender and Marital Status. Regard to
Working experience there was no changes in knowledge, but information of Stress management techniques
during Last 2 years were very less 20(66.6%), Attended stress management course during the working period
also found very less 7(23. 3%).Thus found there is a poor knowledge regarding Stress management techniques
among pediatric nurses. Also there is significant association with level of knowledge on stress management
techniques related to age, marital status, gender, information and course attended among pediatric nurses at
the level of p<0.001. CONCLUSION: The study concludes that majority of the nurses have low knowledge in
stress management techniques. It is also found that stress due to work organization and inter personal
relationship at work is harder which adds up to the stress. It is evident in the present study that older age group
and women were commonly low level of knowledge in stress management techniques. It is recommended to
implement strategies for reducing stress, knowled
Physicochemical Properties of Premium, Standard and Economic Commercial Cat Foods in Malaysia
Authors: Amir H.M.S. , Lam C.H. , Soo A.P. , Kumara T.K. , Mona Z.
Published: July 2021

The importation of cat food into Malaysia has been very phenomenal of late. At the moment, there is no clear legislation with regards to the quality and established standards for cat food imported into Malaysia. In this study, 2 cohort of cat food flavoured chicken (dry) and tuna (wet) were sampled. For each cohort, the cat food were categorised into premium, standard and economy. Composite samples were made from each of these categories and analysed. The macro-nutrients Ca, P, Mg, K, Na and Cl- in the premium, standard and economy dry cat food products are above the recommended values given by The Association of American Feed Control Officials (AAFCO), with some marginal concession recorded for elemental K. For wet cat food, all the studied macro-nutrients were below the recommended values given by AAFCO, with exception of elemental Cl- (in premium wet cat food). It is interesting to note that premium wet cat food, had significantly lower macro-nutrient concentrations compared to standard and economy wet cat food (p<0.05). Therefore, the quality of dry cat food in premium, standard and economy is good. However, the quality of wet cat food in premium, standard and economy is below par from the recommendation of AAFCO.
The Future of the Malaysian Beef Industry
Authors: Jamaludin M.H. , Hassan M.H. , Amin M.R. , Zulhisyam A.K.
Published: July 2021

Beef is an important protein food source, and an important commodity for a country like Malaysia. Countries such as South Korea and Japan have not only been able to increase beef output, but have also introduced their breed, the Hanwoo and Wagyu cattle respectively into the international beef industry. Meanwhile for Malaysia, it was expected that local production can only fulfill 30% of the country’s total beef demand for 2012. Although research in enhancing cattle production started concurrently with countries such as South Korea, the 40 years of research put into enhancing the local production of cattle species for their beef has been futile. Drastic measures need to be taken to ensure the country’s self-sufficiency in the cattle industry, and identifying the causes leading to the declination should be the main priority to prevent further deterioration of the industry.
Citrus microcarpa Extract as Immunostimulator in Controlling Edwardsiellosis in African Catfish Culture
Authors: Lee Seong Wei , An’amt MN , Wendy Wee , Zulhisyam A.K.
Published: July 2021

This study was described Citrus microcarpa extract as an antimicrobial agent in controlling edwardsiellosis in African catfish culture. Edwardsiellosis due to Edwardsiella tarda was recognized as a problem in African catfish culture and may lead to mass mortality of the cultured fish. Many antibiotics were no longer effective to control this bacterial disease. Therefore, this study was carried out to investigate the potential of C. microcarpa extract to overcome this bacterial disease problem. The experimental fish were fed with medicated feed at three different concentrations (1 g kg-1; CM-1, 2 g kg-1; CM-2 and 4 g kg-1 of fish) of C. microcarpa extract for one week before they were intraperitoneally exposed to E. tarda. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was carried out to determine the value of antibody response to E. tarda in fish from group of fish that received medicated fish and the percentage of total cumulative mortality of the experimental fish were observed at the end of the experiment. The results showed that the value of antibody response to E. tarda in fish from group of fish which received medicated feed (CM-1, 0.148 ± 0.017 OD; CM-2, 0.143 ± 0.006 OD; CM-4, 0.163 ± 0.015 OD) were found significantly higher (P < 0.05) compared to fish did not received medicated fish (0.00 OD). Whereas, percentage cumulative mortality of fish from all groups of fish received medicated feed (CM-1, 20.0 ± 10.0 %; CM-2, 16.7 ± 5.8 %; CM-4, 16.7 ± 5.8 %) were found significantly lower (P < 0.05) compared to group of fish did not received medicated feed (56.7 ± 5.8 %). The findings of the present study indicated the huge potential of C. microcarpa extract as natural antimicrobial agent for aquaculture use.
Efficiency of edible coating chitosan and cinnamic acid to prolong the shelf life of tomatoes.
Authors: Mior Azmai Wan Norin Syerina , Abdul Latif Nurul Syaza , Md Zain Norhafizah
Published: July 2021

Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) is a large target commodity for Malaysia’s export trade. However, tomato is a perishable climacteric fruit that requires favourable conditions to maintain its freshness from farm to the table. Its fast ageing process tends to attract pathogens that reduce the shelf life of a detached tomato, hence affecting its quality causing severe losses to the agropreneurs (Anderson et al., 2014). Therefore, there is a dire need for a mechanism to maintain the freshness of tomatoes. This study aims to examine the effects of chitosan and cinnamic acid as edible coatings to prolong the shelf life of tomatoes. Chitosan plays a role as an antifungal agent whereas cinnamic acid possesses antimicrobial properties that help to improve the shelf life of tomatoes (Bautista-Baños et al. (2006). In the study, Chitosan and cinnamic acid coatings were applied on fresh graded tomatoes at two maturity stages; breakers and turning. The samples were observed every three days for a total period of 12 days at ambient temperature. The results showed that a single coating of chitosan (0.5 %) had a positive impact on the total soluble solids (TSS), firmness, hue angle and weight loss of the samples. On the other hand, cinnamic acid (2mM) influenced the firmness, weight loss and TSS value of the tomatoes. The coatings inhibit respiration and minimise starch conversion into sugar that could lead to lowered sugar (TSS) content. The restriction on respiration ensures firmness and delay the colour change of fruits at a particular period. The slowing of the ripening process that causes  ageing and weight loss in fruits is reduced. Both coatings were proven to be highly feasible for application in various industries due to their edible, non-toxic and biodegradable nature.
The preliminary study of herbal rice plants in Pulau Tioman, Pahang, Malaysia.
Authors: Eh Rak Aweng , Appalasamy Suganthi , Arumugam Nivaarani , Sukri Nor Syazwani , Mohd Nor Maryana , Thiagarajan Karunakaran
Published: July 2021

The herbal plant status in Pulau Tioman is unknown, and may be reduced due to extensive recreational activities in Kg. Tekek Waterfalls. The main objective of this preliminary survey is to assess the varieties of herbal plants that are found at Pulau Tioman, Pahang. Herbal plant survey was carried out in a transect of 5-meter width on both side of the 1 km main track connecting Kampung Tekek Jetty to Kampung Tekek Waterfalls. A total of seven species namely, Dracaena umbratica, Flagellaria indica, Selaginella willdenowii, Ixora javanica, Lygodium microphyllum, Melastoma malabathricum and Cassia alata which belong to seven (7) families namely Asparagaceae, Flagellariaceae, Selaginellaceae, Rubiaceae, Lygodiaceae, Melastomataceae and Leguminosae were collected, identified and reported. The list of plants recorded could be included in a datasheet for the study of plants with medicinal value and the distribution data could be used to update the IUCN and CABI database.
PREVALENCE OF NON-SPECIFIC NECK PAIN AMONG SURGEONS IN DIFFERENT HOSPITALS OF LAHORE
Authors: Zafar Amirah , Akhtar  Saad , Sadiq Umar , Sobia Sobia
Published: July 2021

Objective: The objective of the study was to determine the prevalence of non-specific neck pain among Surgeons in different hospitals of Lahore and developed some guidelines to reduce the occupational hazards.

Materials and Methods: It was a cross-sectional study. Non-Probability Convenient sampling technique was used. Data was collected from surgeons working in tertiary care hospitals of Lahore Inclusion criteria included Surgeons (25 years or above), both genders selected and Neck pain in cervical region, surgery of consecutive 2- 3 hours or more. Exclusion criteria included age under 25 years, any neurological disorders, cerebrovascular insufficiency, Past history of Infection and Malignancy, any Structural disorders and Trauma. Data was collected by questionnaire form set on paper.

Results: Non-specific neck pain has positive statistically significant association with “Starting of Neck Pain Surgical Day”, “Starting of Neck Pain Post-Surgical Day”, “Worsening of Neck Pain Surgical Day” and “Worsening of Neck Pain Post-Surgical Day

Conclusion: It concluded that the surgeons are not getting neck pain due to the surgical activities but it may worsen by their surgical activities of consecutive 3 hours if they already have some neck-related problems.

Recommendations: Prolong working hours should be reduced which ultimately affect their ergonomics and posture of neck. By reducing consecutive hours of surgery neck pain can be minimized. Surgeons should be trained about their postural alignment while performing surgeries as to prevent maximum stress on neck musculature to avoid neck pain.
Morphological Characterization of Native Pigs (Sus scrofa domesticus L.) in Bohol Province, Philippines
Authors:   Department of Animal Science, Visayas State University, Visca, Baybay City, Leyte, Philippines, Geromo Ronel B. , Espina Dinah M. ,   Department of Animal Science, Visayas State University, Visca, Baybay City, Leyte, Philippines, Bales Milagros C. ,   Department of Agricultural Extension and Education, Visayas State University, Visca, Baybay City, Leyte, Philippines, Nishibori Masahide ,   Graduate School of Biosphere Science, Hiroshima University, 1-4-4 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8528, Japan
Published: July 2021

This study assessed the morphological characteristics of the native pig population in Bohol Island, Philippines. A total of 100 sexually-mature native pigs (80% gilt/sow and 20% barrow/boar) were selected from the municipalities of Balilihan, Bilar, Talibon, Ubay, Loon, Guindulman, Mabini, San Miguel, Pilar, and Alburquerque, which are densely populated with native pigs (based on the data of the Office of the Provincial Veterinarian-Bohol). Purposive sampling was used to select the experimental pigs based on the phenotypic traits that qualify them as native. Likewise, remote barangays where native pigs are most likely raised were selected as sample sites. The qualitative (hair color, color pattern, and ear orientation) and quantitative (tail length, teat number, estimated body weight using body length, and heart girth measurements) traits were recorded based on subjective observation and actual measurements, respectively. Qualitatively, the native pigs in Bohol have predominantly (73%) black hair. In terms of color pattern, plain color (91%), spotted (4%), and patchy (5%) were noted. The native pigs also revealed droopy (54%), slightly droopy (37%), and erect (9%) ear orientations. Meanwhile, quantitative traits revealed an overall body length of 38.07 ± 8.75 inches, heart girth of 36.9 ± 8.83 inches, body weight of 67.29 ± 41.15 kg, tail length of 9.78 ± 2.45 inches, and 12.38 ± 1.33number of teats. Significant differences across sampling areas(p<0.05)and sex (p<0.01) were observed. Generally, females had higher values than males, and there was a significant difference (p<0.05) in trait values among age groups.
Examining Determinants of Adolescents’ Intention to Meditate
Authors: Erbe Ryan G. , Beckmeyer Jonathon J. , Lohrmann David K. , Middlestadt Susan E.
Published: July 2021

This study’s purpose was to determine if adolescents’ attitudes, perceived norm, and self-efficacyregarding meditation were associated with intentions to try meditating.A convenience sample of highschool students (N=115) reported on their intentions, attitudes, perceived norms, and self-efficacy regard-ing meditation. Multiple regression was used to determine if attitudes, perceived norm, and meditationself-efficacy were associated with intentions to meditate. Attitude and perceived norm were significantlyassociated (p<.001) with intentions to meditate;self-efficacy was not. In order to promote adolescents’intentions to meditate, a focus on their attitudes towards meditation and perceptions of their peers medi-tating appear to be important.