bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
George Orwell y Twitter: La enseñanza de la literatura inglesa a través de las redes sociales
Authors: Revelles-Benavente Beatriz
Published: July 2022

The information and knowledge society in which we live currently has proven how pedagogy needs a profound connection with technology and virtuality. However, it is not the same to apply technology to pedagogy than transforming pedagogy through technology. The objective of this article is to propose a feminist affective pedagogy for teaching English as a Foreign Language in Higher Education. In order to do this, contemporary literature is defined as a transmedial tool. Using digital ethnography, I produce an auto-ethnographic reflection about students’ participation in a transmedial practice, more specifically the creation of a collective Twitter profile that translates contemporary novels into reflections about our society. Three lines of research are established. These are the establishment of contemporary literature as a social network, the implementation of affective critical pedagogy through literature and the class itself as a continuum between virtuality and space. It concludes with three main affirmations: 1. Teaching literature from collective reading enables transmedial practices. 2. Literature is a technological tool that generates critical affective capacity. 3. The class must be materialized as a safe space so that students share responsibilities with instructors for their own learning process.

La actual sociedad de la información y el conocimiento ha demostrado que la pedagogía necesita una profunda conexión con la tecnología y la virtualidad. Sin embargo, no es lo mismo aplicar la tecnología en pedagogía que transformar la pedagogía a través de la tecnología. El objetivo de este artículo es proponer la pedagogía afectiva feminista dentro del aula de enseñanza de inglés como lengua extranjera a través de la definición de literatura contemporánea como herramienta transmedia. A través de una etnografía digital, se produce una auto-etnografía reflexiva sobre la participación del alumnado en una práctica transmedia como es la creación de un perfil de Twitter colectivo que traduzca la novela en cuestionamientos críticos de la sociedad contemporánea. Se establecen tres líneas de actuación que son el establecimiento de la literatura contemporánea como red social, la implementación de la pedagogía crítica afectiva a través de la literatura y el aula como un continuo entre virtualidad y espacialidad. Se argumenta: 1. La enseñanza de la literatura desde la lectura colectiva posibilita estrategias propias de los medios transmedia. 2. La literatura como herramienta tecnológica acciona implosiones en el alumnado para generar la capacidad crítica afectiva. 3. El aula debe fomentar un espacio seguro donde el alumnado se co-responsabilicen de su propio aprendizaje.
Los grupos pedagógicos entre la percepción y la realidad. Cuando una buena autoimagen no es suficiente
Authors: Bórquez Hernández Glenny , Murillo Estepa Paulino
Published: July 2022

This article explores the perception of teachers and management teams about their self-training process within the framework of a strategy implemented in the Dominican Republic. The two cases studied are part of a more general investigation on four schools, whose main objective is to understand the functioning of pedagogical groups as a formative strategy focused on the reflection on practice. The theoretical framework is centered around the educational value of the group of teachers, aspects of the leader and the dynamics of professional communities of practice. The methodology implemented was ethnographic and, therefore, based on participant observation and semi-structured interview techniques. This study had 8 informants, counting teachers and directive board members. The redirection of the methodological itinerary was an unexpected situation. The results reported coincidences in both groups regarding the implementation of the processes and agreements on training which differed from the established norms. Even within the same center, participants had different views regarding the usefulness of pedagogical groups. The participants took part in a variety of interactive activities to share experiences with an educational purpose. Regardless of their efforts, both pedagogical groups found it difficult to engage in reflective processes and reach consensus.

Se analiza la percepción de equipos directivos y docentes sobre su proceso de autoformación en el marco de una estrategia implementada en la República Dominicana. Los dos casos estudiados son parte de una investigación más general sobre cuatro centros escolares, cuyo objetivo principal es la comprensión del funcionamiento del grupo pedagógico como estrategia formativa centrada en la reflexión de la práctica. El marco teórico se centró en el valor formativo del grupo de docentes, aspectos del líder y su dinámica como comunidad profesional de práctica. La metodología implementada fue de tipo etnográfico, a partir de las técnicas de observación participante y entrevista semiestructurada. Los instrumentos fueron el guión de entrevista, la ficha de datos y las notas de campo. El estudio contó con ocho informantes, entre profesores y directivos de los dos casos analizados. La redirección de itinerario metodológico fue una situación inesperada. En cuanto a los resultados, se encontró coincidencias en ambos grupos en cuanto a la implementación de procedimientos y acuerdos sobre la formación, diferentes a la normativa establecida para su funcionamiento. Existen divergencias de opiniones entre los participantes sobre los aportes de los Grupos Pedagógicos, incluso dentro de un mismo centro. Los participantes realizaron una variedad de actividades interactivas para compartir experiencias, con propósitos formativos. No obstante a sus esfuerzos, a los dos grupos pedagógicos se les dificultó alcanzar procesos reflexivos y el logro de amplios consensos.
Estrategias de aprendizaje según ramas de conocimiento en estudiantes universitarios en modalidad online
Authors: Romero Rodrigo Mercedes , Peirats Chacón José , San Martín Alonso Ángel
Published: July 2022

Within the framework of the European Space of Higher Education responding to educational needs is essential. To a great extent, the success of this response depends on the development of a competence model based on students' self-learning skills. Following the rise of online education caused by COVID-19, we aim to know and analyze a group of postgraduate university students’ strategies in an online teaching and learning situation. More specifically, we explored differences stemming from their access degree. The participants were asked to respond to a standardized questionnaire about learning strategies. The answers of the questionnaire were reviewed using quantitative analyses. The results show differences between three groups, especially in their use of search strategies, selection and processing information. Arts and humanities students obtained better results than students who had completed degrees in the field of social science, law, engineering and architecture. Therefore, it is necessary to insist on the need to continue studying this complex area, not only from the perspective of students but also of teachers.

En el marco del Espacio Europeo de Educación Superior responder a las necesidades formativas desde el desarrollo de un modelo competencial y habilidades de autoaprendizaje de los estudiantes. Constatado el auge de modalidades no presenciales y su crecimiento a causa del COVID-19, situamos nuestro problema de investigación en conocer y analizar las estrategias empleadas en un conjunto de estudiantes universitarios de postgrado en una situación de enseñanza y aprendizaje online, explorando las posibles diferencias que pudieran presentar en función de su titulación de acceso. A los participantes se les solicitó responder a un cuestionario ya estandarizado sobre estrategias de aprendizaje y las respuestas del cuestionario fueron examinadas mediante análisis cuantitativo. Los resultados ponen de manifiesto la diferencia entre tres grupos, especialmente en el uso de estrategias de búsqueda, selección y procesamiento de la información donde los estudiantes de la rama de artes y humanidades obtuvieron mejores resultados que los grupos de sociales y jurídicas, así como de los estudiantes de ingeniería y arquitectura. Se concluye insistiendo en la necesidad de seguir indagando este complejo ámbito, no únicamente desde la perspectiva del estudiantado sino también del profesorado.
La institucionalización académica de la Didáctica General en España
Authors: Heredia Manrique Alfonso
Published: July 2022

The aim of this study is to show the path that General Didactics followed for its institutionalization as an academic discipline in the syllabus of teacher education in Spain, since it appeared in 1898 until the 1960s. The empirical framework is based on historical research: on the one hand, we reviewed the study programs of the School of Higher Education for Teaching, the Schools of Teaching and the Pedagogy Section of the Faculty of Philosophy and Letters from the Central University of Madrid, during the period studied to detect the presence of General Didactics. On the other hand, we consulted the legal provisions on the administrative development of the first Didactics chair in Spain, from when it was projected until it was occupied, after a long journey that lasted more than eight years. The most outstanding results are that this academic discipline, representative of a whole wide area of pedagogical knowledge, is not present in the School of Higher Education for Teaching, due to its difficulties for its institutional recognition in Teaching Schools. However, it is present from the beginning in the Section of Pedagogy, where it is institutionally consolidated with the endowment of the Didactics chair. The conclusion reached is that the main hurdle for General Didactics to become an autonomous pedagogical field of knowledge sits at the fact that the trajectory of the academic institutionalization of General Didactics is temporarily expensive and epistemologically difficult because of denomination problems

Este estudio tiene como objetivo mostrar la trayectoria de la institucionalización de la Didáctica General como disciplina académica, desde que aparece como tal en 1898 hasta los años sesenta del siglo veinte. La metodología utilizada ha consistido en indagar tres vías por las cuales se atisba claramente dicho proceso. Las dos primeras comprobando su presencia como asignatura en los planes de estudio de las Escuelas de Magisterio y de la Sección de Pedagogía de la Facultad de Filosofía y Letras de la Universidad de Madrid, durante el periodo estudiado. Y la tercera vía, más de consolidación, haciendo el seguimiento oficial de la primera cátedra de Didáctica en España, desde que se dota hasta que se cubre, tras un largo recorrido que duró más de ocho años. Como resultado al que se llega se observa el dificultoso camino que sigue esa institucionalización; por un lado para mantenerse presente como asignatura en algunos planes de estudio; y por otro, dado el entorpecimiento siempre presente, por cuestiones epistemológicas de denominación. Actualmente existe mucho interés investigador sobre disciplinas, por eso sorprende ver la escasez de estudios en relación a la Didáctica General cuando fue parte sustancial en el surgimiento de la Pedagogía.
La educación social en la escuela: una revisión actualizada
Authors: Díez Gutiérrez Enrique Javier , Muñiz-Cortijo Lucía-María
Published: July 2022

This review article tries to answer the question of whether there is the need to incorporate social education professionals into the educational system, as has already been done in some Autonomous Communities in Spain. For this purpose, a systematic review of the literature (SLR) of 56 articles published in open access, from January 2000 to August 2020, has been carried out in the databases: Scopus, Dialnet, Web of Science, Redalyc and Scielo. The validation was based on the extended criteria of the University of York. The findings reflect that, in a changing society, where the interaction of the school with its social environment is increasingly decisive in the development and training of students, the role of social education professionals is essential from the approach of inclusive and comprehensive education in the educational system. The conclusions and discussion show that their role and tasks are fundamental and that, following the recent Organic Law for the comprehensive protection of children and adolescents against violence, which incorporates the figure of the welfare and protection coordinator in schools, it would be necessary to integrate the role of these professionals in all schools by means of this figure.

En este artículo de revisión se trata de responder a la pregunta sobre la necesidad de incorporar a todo el sistema educativo a los profesionales de la educación social, tal como ya se ha realizado en algunas Comunidades Autónomas en España. Para ello se ha realizado una revisión sistemática de la literatura (SLR) de 56 artículos publicados en acceso abierto, de enero de 2000 a agosto de 2020, en las bases de datos: Scopus, Dialnet, Web of Science, Redalyc y Scielo. La validación se dio con los criterios ampliados de la Universidad de York. Los hallazgos reflejan que, en una sociedad cambiante, donde la interacción de la escuela con su entorno social es cada vez más determinante en el desarrollo y formación del alumnado, el papel de los profesionales de la educación social se hace imprescindible desde un planteamiento de educación inclusiva e integral en el sistema educativo. Las conclusiones y discusión reflejan que su función y tareas son actualmente necesarias y que la reciente Ley Orgánica de protección integral a la infancia y la adolescencia frente a la violencia, que incorpora la figura del coordinador o coordinadora de bienestar y protección en los centros educativos, sería una necesidad integrar el papel de estos profesionales en todos los centros escolares a través de esta figura.
Findes der en særlig jysk sprogidentitet?
Authors: Schoonderbeek Hansen Inger
Published: July 2022

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Book Review of: Sociology in Brazil, A Brief Institutional and Intellectual History
Authors: Pereyra Diego
Published: July 2022

How to tell the history of sociology in a peripheral country? Moreover, how to do it in a country as vast and complex as Brazil? This is a very difficult challenge to perform. Cordeiro and Neri´s book, Sociology in Brazil, published by Palgrave- Pivot in Sociology Transformed Series, was able to pull it off, though. The book aims to make an integrative reconstruction of sociology in Brazil during a time that dates back to almost 130 years ago. The volume deserves to be read since it gives a brief but prolific analytical description of intellectual and institutional development of the discipline in that country. In addition, this historical account offers a reinterpretation of home traditional narratives from a perspective that combines cognitive and institutional factors. So, it aims to achieve a comprehensive narration of the dispute among local sociological traditions, institutions from different cities and regions and also local key intellectual figures.
The Cultural Embedding of Foreknowledge in Modern Society
Authors: Daye Christian
Published: July 2022

Review essay of:

Andersson, Jenny. The Future of the World: Futurology, Futurists, and the Struggle for the Post-Cold War Imagination. Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press, 2018.

Pietruska, Jamie L. Looking Forward: Prediction & Uncertainty in Modern America. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2018.
[La diagnosi psicopatologica nel lavoro psicologico-psichiatrico]
Authors: Infrasca Roberto
Published: July 2022

The psychopathological diagnosis, which is crucial in the psychological-psychiatric work, is performed through tests and interviews aimed at evaluating the cognitive processes and the patients’ behavior. Feeling-thinking-communicating-acting process is particularly important, as it characterizes patients’ evolutionary phases and allows to move closer to the diagnosis.In this study, three patients with different psychological-psychiatric pathologies are described. For each case, verbal and non-verbal communication and psycho-emotional and cognitive sequence are analyzed. After this description, psychodiagnostic test results are discussed in order to highlight signs and symptoms of considered subjects.The described method allows to “explore” psychodynamic spaces hidden by psychic defenses that prevent a clear understanding of the psychic functioning and the operative plot at the intra- and inter-personal level of the subject.
Periferiando el “Norte” pospornero: sudakas tejiendo sexualidades disidentes en París
Authors: Maldonado Franco Carolina , Gutierrez Fedra Alexis , Guerra Carlota
Published: July 2022

El presente escrito corresponde a una conferencia performeada realizada en el Coloquio Des-posesión/Dépossession que tuvo lugar entre el 4 y el 6 de diciembre de 2019 en la Universidad Bordeaux-Montaigne. En esta intervención propusimos presentar algunos fragmentos provenientes de vivencias situadas, fronterizas y migrantes que se tejen a través del posporno. Proponemos exponer cómo este último llega a concretarse como una respuesta posible a las dinámicas de poder que nos atraviesan en el contexto específico de nuestra migración desde diferentes lugares de América Latina (Chile, Perú y Colombia) a París. Para la puesta en escrito de esta experiencia, presentamos a manera de guión nuestra intervención y la acompañamos de imágenes evocativas. Con esto buscamos contribuir a una reflexión sobre la movilización de nuestros cuerpos y sexualidades desde un posicionamiento crítico y situado, a partir de la creación de representaciones y experiencias contra-hegemónicas de nuestros cuerpos.
El reverso de la comunidad: sobre fronteras y exclusión en las novelas 'PornoBurka' y 'Cabezas cortadas'
Authors: Ayete Gil Maria
Published: July 2022

Toda comunidad se funda en una exclusión: un nosotros enfrentado a un ellos. El propósito principal de este trabajo es analizar los mecanismos en virtud de los cuales se produce –y se presenta oficialmente– esa exclusión y cómo dos novelas recientes lo tematizan. Tomando el paradigma inmunitario de Roberto Esposito como base, nos aproximamos a las novelas PornoBurka (2013), de Brigitte Vasallo, y Cabezas cortadas (2018), de Pablo Gutiérrez, para revelar dos caras de una misma moneda: primero, la identificación del otro como amenaza que atenta con romper la normalidad comunitaria y, segundo, la experiencia de la conversión en ese otro amenazante. En nuestro análisis es fundamental el cuerpo, pues en él están inscriptas las marcas que, indelebles como cicatrices, separan lo incluido de lo excluido, lo normal de lo anormal, lo conocido de lo desconocido. El miedo al conflicto, al contagio o al daño, pero también a la pérdida de la identidad, de los valores o del trabajo convierten, activada la inmunización, la alteridad en amenaza de la que es necesario protegerse, de ahí las barreras inmunitarias que, en función de unos marcos de representación prestablecidos, codifican y señalan lo diferente que es necesario o bien asimilar, o bien expulsar.
Y tú, ¿por qué eres negro?: discursos e identidades afrodescendientes en España
Authors: Gutiérrez Martínez Begoña , Pedro Josep
Published: July 2022

El objetivo de este artículo es explorar la construcción gradual de identidades afrodescendientes en España a partir de producciones culturales y artísticas generadas por el propio colectivo, en particular por parte de destacados autores afroespañoles. Empleando la documentación y el análisis socio-semiótico del discurso, se plantea un mapeo de obras e investigaciones de referencia en torno al tema y se analiza como caso de estudio el fotolibro Y tú, ¿por qué eres negro?, de Rubén H. Bermúdez (2018). Reconociendo su enunciación desde los márgenes de la esfera pública, examinamos la construcción de sentido empleada en este relato verbovisual, donde la compleja operación de narrarse a uno mismo implica una interacción reflexiva entre lo individual y lo colectivo. El análisis, apoyado también en el discurso verbal del autor, se articula a través de cuatro apartados, hitos o momentos clave: la emergencia del estigma social de la negritud; el descubrimiento de referentes y nuevos imaginarios transnacionales; la amenaza del racismo y los límites de la idea de nación; y el encuentro con la comunidad afrodescendiente, donde se consolida una toma de conciencia política e identitaria militante. Así, la investigación revela la transfiguración del sujeto durante un viaje iniciático, e incide en la construcción dinámica y dialógica de la identidad
Pinch Strength Measurements in Adolescents With Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: Squillace Mary , Krupp Lauren , Ray Sharon , Muratori Lisa M.
Published: July 2022

BACKGROUND

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a degenerative disease with typical onset between 20 and 50 years of age. An increase in MS cases has been found in the adolescent US population. Adolescents require fine motor manipulation skills for their functional and academic performance. Deficits in the major components of manipulation skills may result in insufficient function. This study examined the 2-point, 3-point, and lateral pinch strength of adolescents diagnosed as having MS.

METHODS

Seventy-four adolescents, 37 with a diagnosis of relapsing-remitting MS and a control group of 37 age-matched peers, participated in this study. Data on 2-point, 3-point, and lateral pinch strength in both hands were collected using a pinch meter. Analyses of covariance were used to describe differences across the 2 groups, and effect sizes (Cohen d) were calculated by finding the mean difference between the study groups divided by the pooled SD.

RESULTS

A significant difference was found in the 2-point pinch strength of the right hand of participants with pediatric MS compared with age- and sex-matched control participants. There were no significant differences in 2-point pinch strength of the left hand or in 3-point or lateral pinch strength of the right and left hands.

CONCLUSIONS

Pinch grasp strength was differentially affected in adolescents with MS. Pinch strength should be assessed and considered in adolescents with MS for a better understanding of their functional performance of fine motor tasks in activities of daily living and academics.
Genomic landscape of lymphatic malformations: a case series and response to the PI3Kα inhibitor alpelisib in an N-of-1 clinical trial
Authors: Shaheen Montaser F , Tse Julie Y , Sokol Ethan S , Masterson Margaret , Bansal Pranshu , Rabinowitz Ian , Tarleton Christy A , Dobroff Andrey S , Smith Tracey L , Bocklage Thèrése J , Mannakee Brian K , Gutenkunst Ryan N , Bischoff Joyce , Ness Scott A , Riedlinger Gregory M , Groisberg Roman , Pasqualini Renata , Ganesan Shridar , Arap Wadih
Published: July 2022

Background:

Lymphatic malformations (LMs) often pose treatment challenges due to a large size or a critical location that could lead to disfigurement, and there are no standardized treatment approaches for either refractory or unresectable cases.

Methods:

We examined the genomic landscape of a patient cohort of LMs (n = 30 cases) that underwent comprehensive genomic profiling using a large-panel next-generation sequencing assay. Immunohistochemical analyses were completed in parallel.

Results:

These LMs had low mutational burden with hotspot PIK3CA mutations (n = 20) and NRAS (n = 5) mutations being most frequent, and mutually exclusive. All LM cases with Kaposi sarcoma-like (kaposiform) histology had NRAS mutations. One index patient presented with subacute abdominal pain and was diagnosed with a large retroperitoneal LM harboring a somatic PIK3CA gain-of-function mutation (H1047R). The patient achieved a rapid and durable radiologic complete response, as defined in RECIST1.1, to the PI3Kα inhibitor alpelisib within the context of a personalized N-of-1 clinical trial (NCT03941782). In translational correlative studies, canonical PI3Kα pathway activation was confirmed by immunohistochemistry and human LM-derived lymphatic endothelial cells carrying an allele with an activating mutation at the same locus were sensitive to alpelisib treatment in vitro, which was demonstrated by a concentration-dependent drop in measurable impedance, an assessment of cell status.

Conclusions:

Our findings establish that LM patients with conventional or kaposiform histology have distinct, yet targetable, driver mutations.

Funding:

R.P. and W.A. are supported by awards from the Levy-Longenbaugh Fund. S.G. is supported by awards from the Hugs for Brady Foundation. This work has been funded in part by the NCI Cancer Center Support Grants (CCSG; P30) to the University of Arizona Cancer Center (CA023074), the University of New Mexico Comprehensive Cancer Center (CA118100), and the Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey (CA072720). B.K.M. was supported by National Science Foundation via Graduate Research Fellowship DGE-1143953.

Clinical trial number:

NCT03941782
Reconstitution of kinetochore motility and microtubule dynamics reveals a role for a kinesin-8 in establishing end-on attachments
Authors: Torvi Julia R , Wong Jonathan , Serwas Daniel , Moayed Amir , Drubin David G , Barnes Georjana
Published: July 2022

During mitosis, individual microtubules make attachments to chromosomes via a specialized protein complex called the kinetochore to faithfully segregate the chromosomes to daughter cells. Translocation of kinetochores on the lateral surface of the microtubule has been proposed to contribute to high fidelity chromosome capture and alignment at the mitotic midzone, but has been difficult to observe in vivo because of spatial and temporal constraints. To overcome these barriers, we used total internal reflection fluorescence (TIRF) microscopy to track the interactions between microtubules, kinetochore proteins, and other microtubule-associated proteins in lysates from metaphase-arrested Saccharomyces cerevisiae. TIRF microscopy and cryo-correlative light microscopy and electron tomography indicated that we successfully reconstituted interactions between intact kinetochores and microtubules. These kinetochores translocate on the lateral microtubule surface toward the microtubule plus end and transition to end-on attachment, whereupon microtubule depolymerization commences. The directional kinetochore movement is dependent on the highly processive kinesin-8, Kip3. We propose that Kip3 facilitates stable kinetochore attachment to microtubule plus ends through its abilities to move the kinetochore laterally on the surface of the microtubule and to regulate microtubule plus end dynamics.
G6PD and HBB polymorphisms in the Senegalese population: prevalence, correlation with clinical malaria
Authors: Thiam Fatou , Diop Gora , Coulonges Cedric , Derbois Céline , Mbengue Babacar , Thiam Alassane , Nguer Cheikh Momar , Zagury Jean Francois , Deleuze Jean-Francois , Dieye Alioune
Published: July 2022

Background

Host genetic factors contribute to the variability of malaria phenotypes and can allow a better understanding of mechanisms involved in susceptibility and/or resistance to Plasmodium falciparum infection outcomes. Several genetic polymorphisms were reported to be prevalent among populations living in tropical malaria-endemic regions and induce protection against malaria. The present study aims to investigate the prevalence of HBB (chr11) and G6PD (chrX) deficiencies polymorphisms among Senegalese populations and their associations with the risk for severe Plasmodium falciparum malaria occurrence.

Methods

We performed a retrospective study with 437 samples, 323 patients recruited in hospitals located in three different endemic areas where malaria episodes were confirmed and 114 free malaria controls. The patients enrolled were classified into two groups: severe malaria (SM) (153 patients) and uncomplicated malaria (UM) (170 patients). PCR and DNA sequencing assessed host genetic polymorphisms in HBB and G6PD. Using a multivariate regression and additive model, estimates of the impact of human HBB and G6PD polymorphisms on malaria incidence were performed.

Results

Six frequent SNPs with minor allele frequencies (MAF) > 3% were detected in the HBB gene (rs7946748, rs7480526, rs10768683, rs35209591, HbS (rs334) and rs713040) and two in the G6PD gene (rs762515 and rs1050828 (G6PD-202 G > A). Analysis of selected HbS polymorphism showed significant association with protective effect against severe malaria with a significant p-value = 0.033 (OR 0.38, 95% CI [0.16–0.91]) for SM vs. UM comparison. Surprisingly, our study did not identify the protective effect of variant HbC polymorphism against severe malaria. Finally, we found some of the polymorphisms, like HbS (rs334), are associated with age and biological parameters like eosinophils, basophils, lymphocytes etc.

Conclusion

Our data report HBB and G6PD polymorphisms in the Senegalese population and their correlation with severe/mild malaria and outcome. The G6PD and HBB deficiencies are widespread in West Africa endemic malaria regions such as The Gambia, Mali, and Burkina Faso. The study shows the critical role of genetic factors in malaria outcomes. Indeed, genetic markers could be good tools for malaria endemicity prognosis.
The roles of trait and process resilience in relation of BIS/BAS and depressive symptoms among adolescents
Authors: Masuyama Akihiro , Kubo Takahiro , Shinkawa Hiroki , Sugawara Daichi
Published: July 2022

Background

Extensive literature revealed the relations of depression with behavioral inhibition system (BIS) and behavioral activation system (BAS) as vulnerability and with resilience separately. Besides, the concept of resilience is still broad and ambiguous. Thus, this study aimed to reveal the mediation of two aspects of resilience: trait and process, in the relations of BIS and BAS to depression among adolescents.

Methods

The data set used in this study was a cross-sectional survey among 965 adolescents. The obtained data from the self-reported questionnaires used in this study were as below: Depression Serf-Rating Scale for Children (DSRS-C), Behavioral Inhibition and Behavioral Activation System Scale (BIS/BASS), and Bidimensional Resilience Scale (BRS). Structural equation modeling (SEM) was conducted to verify the hypothesized relations among BIS/BAS, trait and behavior resilience, and depressive symptoms.

Results

The obtained indices of fit from SEM were good or sufficient (χ2 = 562.911, df = 96, p < 0.001; CFI = 0.925; NFI = 0.913; RMSEA = 0.073, 90% CI [0.067, 0.079]; SRMR = 0.066). And the modeling showed that both BIS/BAS directly and indirectly influenced to depression. The indirect effects of BIS/BAS were mediated only trait resilience except the indirect effect of BIS via behavioral resilience.

Discussion

Our results suggested that trait resilience played a significant mediation role in the relationships between BIS/BAS and depression. Trait but not process resilience could be considered suitable as an intervention target in line with decreasing depression.
“Por uma frente unida das vanguardas musicais latino-americanas”: a virada latino-americana no Festival Música Nova a partir do III Festival de Música de América y España
Authors:   Universidade Estadual de Campinas (Brasil), de Oliveira Magre Fernando
Published: July 2022

Em 1970, o compositor brasileiro Gilberto Mendes foi convidado para participar do III Festival de Música de América y España em Madri, que reuniu compositores de diversos países da América Latina, EUA, Canadá e Espanha. Para Mendes, esse festival foi fundamental para estabelecer uma aproximação entre os compositores latino-americanos, mais especificamente entre brasileiros e os demais países de língua espanhola, que, em sua opinião, até aquele momento ainda se conheciam pouco. A partir desse ano, observa-se um crescimento da participação de compositores latino-americanos no Festival Música Nova, criado por Gilberto Mendes em 1962 em Santos. Por meio da análise de fontes primárias como programas de concertos e depoimentos, este trabalho demonstra a importância do Festival de Música de América y España para o desenvolvimento de um projeto de integração da música de vanguarda latino-americana, iniciado no Festival Música Nova e ampliado nos Cursos Latinoamericanos de Música Contemporánea.
El sonido como pensamiento. Consideraciones sobre una epistemología moderna de la música
Authors:   Universidad de Chile (Chile), Rossel Camilo
Published: July 2022

El presente artículo aborda el proceso de transformación del sentido e inserción social de la música entre fines del siglo XVIII y principios del XIX. Teniendo presente que en dicho momento se “inventará” el sentido de todo aquello que hoy llamamos Arte, la tesis central del presente artículo es que en el campo de la música dicha “invención”, más allá de manifestarse a través de desarrollos técnicos, tiene relación con la transformación en el modo de representar el conocimiento que propone el idealismo post-kantiano y el Romanticismo alemán temprano; las transformaciones epistémicas propuestas por los autores vinculados a estos movimientos implicarían un posicionamiento de ciertas prácticas artísticas como asuntos que sobrepasan el marco del mero dominio técnico-material, situándolas en el corazón de un modelo de conocimiento que se niega a quedar reducido al puro manejo mecánico de la materia y que, por lo tanto, se mide con el problema de una verdad más allá de la pura aplicación instrumental de nuestro entendimiento. Esta cuestión determinará el sentido social y epistémico que comienza a tener la música desde dicho periodo en adelante, ya que será en este contexto en el cual la palabra música comience a significar una cosa muy diferente a lo que significó para gran parte del s. XVIII y los siglos anteriores y que, en cuanto práctica, gane su lugar como una forma fundamental de acceso a un tipo de saber altamente significativo para la Modernidad.
Prevalence of Risk Factors and Lifestyle Choices Associated with Increased Cancer in Participants from Trinidad and Tobago
Authors: Justiz-Vaillant A. , Gardiner L. , Maharaj L. , Mohammed M. , Niles M. , Ramsingh L. , Seegobin M. , Simon M. , Surajbally M.
Published: July 2022

The prevalence of risk factors for cancer among demographics, such as age, gender, and ethnicity, as well as lifestyle choices such as alcohol consumption, smoking, and diet were explored in a Trinidadian population. This cross-sectional study was conducted with participants aged 18 years and older with no personal history of cancer. An online questionnaire was created using SurveyMonkey software and distributed via social media platforms to invite eligible persons to participate. The data were analyzed, and descriptive statistics were generated using SPSS 27. A total of 478 valid responses were obtained. Females comprised 72% of the study population, while males comprised 28%. Most participants fell within the 35-44 age bracket (106 persons), followed by the 18-24 age group (100 persons). At least 18.83% of the participants were over 55 years old. Regarding ethnicity, the majority of participants were either Afro-Trinidadian (38.70%), Indo-Trinidadian (28.66%), or mixed (25.52%). It was also found that most respondents did not drink or smoke (61.1%), although 3.3% of respondents smoke and 15.7% drink once a week. Of the participants, 63.2% had no dietary restrictions, and less than 20.0% were overweight, consumed fast food, red meats, and smoked foods. The most prevalent risk factors for cancer among this target population were family history, age, diet, and weight. Changes to one’s diet, increased physical activity, and proper weight management can help reduce the risk of developing cancer, as well as secondary risk factors.
Ma’i Lepera : Representation of Leprosy in selected Hawai’ian-American Literature
Authors: Indriyanto Kristiawan
Published: July 2022

This study contextualizes how disease in form of leprosy is represented in literary works by focusing of three novels written by Hawai’ian-American writers. The legacy of leprosy outbreak in Hawai’ian archipelago in the 1800’s challenges the popular imagination of Hawai’i as idealized timeless tropical paradise. This study explores how the policy of isolation exiles leprosy patients in isolated island, Moloka’i, segregated from other citizens. Hawai’ians cultural contexts concerning balance (pono), and identity based on familial ties and sense of place is employed to explore how leprosy disrupts Hawai’ian conception of identity. This study also explores the concept of ecological other as theorized by Serpil Oppermann to contextualize the stigma and harassment associated with leprosy of being unclean and contagious. The object of this study are three Hawai’ian-American novels, Hawai’i (1959), Shark Dialogues (1995) and Moloka’i (2004). This study concludes that the representation of leprosy in selected Hawai’ian-American literature contextualizes the social stigma associated toward its sufferers and disrupts the question of identity through erasure of familial history and genealogy. It further posits the possibility of reclaiming genealogy, history and ancestry lost due to leprosy and how the reclamation results in creating hybrid Hawai’ian identity.
Toxic Masculinities in Post-9/11 Islam-Themed French Novels: Plateforme and Syngué Sabour. Pierre de Patience
Authors: Udasmoro Wening
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACT

This article aims to explore the concept of toxic masculinities in two French literary works, namely Plateforme by Michel Houellebecq and Syngué Sabour. Pierre de Patience by Atiq Rahimi, whose stories are related to Islam after the September 11, 2001 tragedy. Toxic masculinities are suspected to be present in both works, namely by placing women in the position of objects of sexual gaze and symbolic violence. This article dredges the concept of toxic masculinities, which is a derivation of the concept of hegemonic masculinities introduced by Raewyn Connell. This paper employs a critical discourse analysis method by examining the language used by the authors at levels of linguistic practice, discursive practice, and social practice with corpus data taken from the wordings and rewordings of the texts. This paper concludes that sexual gaze and symbolic violence are toxic because they can be drivers of physical violence.

 Keywords: toxic, masculinities, French literature, Islam
Reusable Catalyst of KF/Mg-Al Layered Double for Biodiesel Conversion and Optimization using Bohn-Behnken Design
Authors: Suharto Totok Eka , Kooli Fethi , Ghazali Sheikh Ahmad Izaddin Sheikh Mohd , Fatimah Is
Published: July 2022

This work aimed to synthesize a reusable catalyst of KF/Mg-Al layered double hydroxide (KF/LDH) for a microwave-assisted biodiesel conversion from rice bran oil (RBO). The LDH was synthesized by co-precipitation method of Mg and Al precursors with additional surfactant of cetyl trimethyl ammonium followed by hydrothermal method, for furthermore, an impregnation procedure was applied to combine KF with LDH by using impregnation method. Instrumental analysis of materials was performed by XRD, gas sorption analysis, SEM-EDX, TEM and XPS method. Effect of KF loading onto LDH on the specific surface area and solid basicity was also studied. From the characterization by XRD, it can be concluded that the impregnation increased specific surface area of LDH without any structural destruction, which was also confirmed by the lattice fringe comparison by HRTEM analysis and surface analysis by XPS. The specific surface area enhancement is in line with the increasing solid basicity which directly enhanced the catalytic conversion of RBO into biodiesel. Statistical optimization of the use of KF/LDH was conducted by response surface methodology of Box-Behnken Design for the range of 2–4 g/100 mL of catalyst dose, 3–8 of the methanol to oil ratio, and 10–30 min of reaction time. It was revealed that all factors are significantly affect the yield. The KF/LDH catalyst is also reusable as it does not loss the activity until 5th cycles. Copyright © 2022 by Authors, Published by BCREC Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0).
Bioengineering Extracellular Vesicles for the Treatment of Cardiovascular Diseases
Authors: Ramasubramanian Lalithasri , Du Shixian , Gidda Siraj , Bahatyrevich Nataliya , Hao Dake , Kumar Priyadarsini , Wang Aijun
Published: July 2022

Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) remain one of the leading causes of mortality worldwide. Despite recent advances in diagnosis and interventions, there is still a crucial need for new multifaceted therapeutics that can address the complicated pathophysiological mechanisms driving CVD. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are nanovesicles that are secreted by all types of cells to transport molecular cargo and regulate intracellular communication. EVs represent a growing field of nanotheranostics that can be leveraged as diagnostic biomarkers for the early detection of CVD and as targeted drug delivery vesicles to promote cardiovascular repair and recovery. Though a promising tool for CVD therapy, the clinical application of EVs is limited by the inherent challenges in EV isolation, standardization, and delivery. Hence, this review will present the therapeutic potential of EVs and introduce bioengineering strategies that augment their natural functions in CVD.
Mechanical Manipulation of Archimedean Spirals of an Achiral Pyrazinacene for Chiral Assemblies
Authors: Mondal Pramita , Manna Gouranga , Kamilya Tapas , Das Mrinmay , Ariga Katsuhiko , Richards Gary J. , Hill Jonathan P. , Acharya Somobrata
Published: July 2022

The fabrication of chiral assemblies from achiral molecules has attracted considerable interest since it provides insight into the structures of biological systems. It is also of general importance from the point‐of‐view of the various factors affecting self‐assembly processes especially supramolecular chirality. Here, the dynamic interfacial assembly strategy is used to obtain unusual chiral assemblies from achiral linear nitrogen‐rich acene derivatives, the pyrazinacenes. 1D supramolecular J‐aggregate tapes of homogeneous width are coiled to form Archimedean spirals. Moreover, the dynamic assembly process further permits the controlled transformation of the Archimedean spirals into tightly coiled toroids and chiral concentric vortices. Grazing incidence X‐ray diffraction study using synchrotron radiation reveals that J‐aggregate monolayer deposited using the layer‐by‐layer technique forms a lamellar columnar oblique mesophase‐like structure. Molecular packing in J‐aggregates provides a significant channel for the occurrence of charge transport exhibiting carrier mobility of 0.045 cm2 V−1 s−1 due to enhanced electronic coupling. This study illustrates an intriguing approach for achieving chiral supramolecular assemblies from achiral molecules and also reveals the potential of the pyrazinacenes as charge transport materials for molecular electronics.
Single‐Step Wet‐Process Formation of Dual‐Layer Superslippery Coating with Transparency and Robust Omniphobicity
Authors: Tenjimbayashi Mizuki , Hayase Gen , Hiroi Takashi , Ueki Takeshi
Published: July 2022

Robust coatings that fully repel liquids have a broad range of applications. However, it remains challenging to have an easy, scalable, and substrate‐independent preparation method for these coatings. Here, a coating solution that forms stable lubricant surface‐to‐solid substrates simply by casting, dipping, or spraying without specific limitation in the substrate, is synthesized. Moreover, the coating is formed inside the long narrow tube by flowing the solution. The solution constitutes nanoparticles, a silicone binder, and a binary mixture of a lubricant and a suitable solvent. The coating is transparent (>90%), self‐healable, mechanically robust, and repels immiscible liquid droplets, including water, oil, solvent, and fluorinated polymers, with negligible sliding angle. The coating comprises two layers: a lubricant stabilizing base layer and a top lubricant layer. Generally, two‐step coating processes require two layers; however, the coating solution solely forms the two layers by the interplay between a solvent evaporation triggered surface lubrication and the interfacial clogging of nanoparticles. This straightforward and universal coating approach for robust omniphobic surface preparation is widely applicable for applications.
Room‐Temperature Printing of Ultrathin Quasi‐2D GaN Semiconductor via Liquid Metal Gallium Surface Confined Nitridation Reaction
Authors: Li Qian , Du Bang‐Deng , Gao Jian‐Ye , Xing Bao‐Yu , Wang Dian‐Kai , Ye Ji‐Fei , Liu Jing
Published: July 2022

Outstanding wide‐bandgap semiconductor material such as gallium nitride (GaN) has been extensively utilized in power electronics, radiofrequency amplifiers, and harsh environment devices. Due to its quantum confinement effect in enabling desired deep‐ultraviolet emission, excitonic impact, and electronic transport features, 2D or ultrathin quasi‐2D GaN semiconductors have been one of the most remarkable candidates for future growth of microelectronic devices. Here, for the first time, the authors report a large area, wide bandgap, and room‐temperature quasi‐2D GaN synthesis and printing strategy through introducing the plasma medicated liquid metal gallium surface‐confined nitridation reaction mechanism. The developed direct fabrication and compositional process is consistent with various electronics manufacturing approaches and thus opens an easy going way for cost‐effective growth of the third‐generation semiconductor. In particular, the fully printed field‐effect transistors relying on the GaN thus made show p‐type switching with an on/off ratio greater than 105, maximum field‐effect hole mobility of 53 cm2 V−1 s−1, and a small sub‐threshold swing. As demonstrated, the present method allows to produce at room temperature the GaN with thickness spanning from 1 nanometer to nanometers. This basic method can be further extended, generalized, and utilized for making various electronic and photoelectronic devices in the coming time.
Sterilization of Drug‐Resistant Influenza Virus through Genetic Interference Inspired by Unnatural Amino Acid‐Engineered Particles
Authors: Wu Xuesheng , Zheng Zhetao , Chen Hongmin , Lin Haishuang , Yang Yuelin , Bai Yachao , Xia Qing
Published: July 2022

The frequent emergence of drug resistance during the treatment of influenza A virus (IAV) infections highlights a need for effective antiviral countermeasures. Here, this work presents an antiviral method that utilizes unnatural amino acid‐engineered drug‐resistant (UAA‐DR) virus generated through genetic code expansion to combat emerging drug‐resistant viruses through genomic segment reassortment to produce sterilized progenies due to artificial amber codons in the viral genome. This work validates in vitro that UAA‐DR can provide a broad‐spectrum antiviral strategy for several H1N1 strains, different DR‐IAV strains, multidrug‐resistant (MDR) strains, and even antigenically distant influenza strains (e.g., H3N2). Moreover, a minimum dose of neuraminidase (NA) inhibitors for influenza virus can further enhance the sterilizing effect when combating inhibitor‐resistant strains, partly due to the promoted superinfection of unnatural amino acid‐modified virus in cellular and animal models. The fact that the antiviral effect of UAA‐DR virus cannot be attributed to interferon stimulation and interferon stimulating genes is also investigated. It is anticipated that UAA‐engineered virus‐like particle can be extended to combat emerging drug‐resistant influenza virus and other segmented RNA viruses.