bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Consumer cooperation as a tool for sustainable rural development
Authors: Egorov Vladimir , Egorova Sofya , Inshakov Andrey , Markarov Alexander
Published: November 2020

The article is devoted to the most popular segment of the global cooperative sector – consumer cooperation. Based on the definition of specific features of this type of cooperation, a special dynamism and adaptability of consumer associations in solving vital social problems and implementing the UN sustainable development goals is shown. The author asserts that the significant growth rates of the world consumer cooperation are determined by the lack of conditionality of its development by the formation of material prerequisites and to a greater extent depend on the organization of information and propaganda work to promote cooperative "self-help". Analysis of world experience has shown that an important factor in the growth of the cooperative movement is the exchange of practices between cooperative organizations on the planet. Being a public organization by nature, consumer cooperation is an essential part of civil society. The analysis and dissemination of international experience in consumer cooperation play a significant role in the activation of civil initiative in self-organization.
Analysis of the scientific and technical level of production and the introduction of innovation technologies in the ore-dressing plant
Authors: Kompaniets Maria , Plakhin Andrey , Selezneva Maria , Kochergina Tatiana , Khokholush Maria
Published: November 2020

The process of obtaining iron ore at ore-dressing plant is a continuous process, so equipment failure at any stage leads to equipment downtime at all other stages. In this case, temporary shipment to the warehouse and from the warehouse of semi-finished raw materials leads to an increase in cost and a decrease in the quality of raw materials. These problems determined the purpose and objectives of the study of the possibilities of using a geographic information system to control moving objects in the main mine of the ore-dressing plant based on the system of automatic positioning using GPS or GPS/AVL (Automatic Vehicle Location). Based on satellite data, it is possible to generate various types of reports that allow to better control the situation - to analyze the qualitative and quantitative side of the ore mining process in quarries, to simulate the situation in order to avoid loss of working time. The basis of the study determined the economic effect of the introduction of GPS navigation in the main mine of the plant.
Industry 4.0 concept as an incentive to increase the competitiveness of the food and processing industries of the Russian Federation
Authors: Filatov Vladimir , Mishakov Victor , Osipenko Svetlana , Artemyeva Svetlana , Kolontaevskaya Irina
Published: November 2020

This work is devoted to the analysis of “Industry 4.0” concepts as an incentive to increase the competitiveness of the food and processing industry of the Russian Federation. The article explores the phenomenon of the fourth industrial revolution as a modern stage of scientific, technical and technological progress. The upcoming fourth industrial revolution is a serious challenge for the government. The main competition of the new revolution is not so much in the technologies themselves but in the skills and education that are necessary for their use. Competition is escalating at the level of education systems but ready-made specialists in the context of globalization still need to be kept, and nowadays the low level of salaries in Russia contributes to a further brain drain. Finally, in the development of Industry 4.0 a systematic approach is important taking into account national characteristics but today it is not in Russia. The development of individual elements of the new industrial revolution is unstable that is why the additional advantages of interdisciplinary research and development are missed. A new round in the development of production will greatly change the social landscape. In order to prevent fatal mass technological unemployment it is necessary to create a social ecosystem for the smooth introduction of technologies with their social design. It is shown that it is accompanied by increased integration, concentration of economic assets under the control of larger business entities. In this regard, the possible consequences of the Fourth Industrial Revolution in the social and humanitarian sphere are examined, and the problem is also raised regarding the development of the Russian food and processing industry of the Russian Federation.
Development of the digital economy in the context of sustainable competitive advantage
Authors: Krasota Tatyana , Bazhenov Ruslan , Abdyldaeva Umut , Bedrina Svetlana , Mironova Irina
Published: November 2020

The objective of the research is to provide a scientific analysis of the development of the digital economy in the context of sustainable competitive advantage. The methodological basis of the study was the theoretical provisions of fundamental and practical developments in the digital economy, lying at the intersection of various technologies. Under the influence of digital forms of economic activity and the scientific and educational sphere, knowledge and education are turning from a luxury article into a productive force of society. Meanwhile, a global reach of digital technologies in the context of sustainable competitive advantage leads to a change in culture, traditional approaches to education, and serves the interests of the accelerated deployment of the digital economy. Managing the development of human capital as a basic engine for the development of the economic system is an absolute must for the integration of information technologies into modern society. Individuals and effective institutions are becoming a fundamental factor in the productivity, effective development, and formation of the digital economy.
Measuring quality of life: an integrative approach
Authors: Barlybaev Adigam , Barlybaev Azamat , Ishnazarova Zulfiya , Ishnazarov Diyaz , Sitnova Inna
Published: November 2020

The article analyzes the indicators of the quality of life and substantiates the need for their rethinking. Global changes in the economy and society, scientific achievements keep current the issue of improving the indicators of the well-being of the population and methods of calculating them with an emphasis on identifying the final result. In particular, there is a need to reassess the consolidated indicators, namely the place of gross domestic product and other economic indicators in assessing the quality of life as the basis of people’s well-being. It is concluded that the methods of assessing the quality of life mainly take into account the material side of well-being, which can be quantified, but the subjective side of the state of people - expectations, emotional state, experiences, spiritual state, etc., completely fall out of sight. Such a predominance of the material and visible issues, materialized in measuring and assessing the standard of living does not give a complete picture of the quality of life of the population, which does not contribute to the development of adequate goals, means, methods and mechanisms for the improvement thereof.
Pathways for sustainable development of urban heat supply systems
Authors: Štreimikienė Dalia , Strielkowski Wadim , Lisin Evgeny , Kurdiukova Galina
Published: November 2020

Our paper focuses on the development of effective pathways for ensuring sustainable development of urban heat supply systems in the context of liberalization of economic relations in the energy sector. Using the example of the Moscow region, we reveal regularities in the change in the structure of heat sources and the organization of the main elements of the heat supply system. In addition, we propose an improved method for the formation of the marginal tariff for heat taking into account the structure of heat sources and allowing to eliminate the existing disadvantages of introducing market-based pricing methods. Moreover, we develop a mechanism for the sustainable development of centralized heat supply systems based on the organization of competitive selection of heat suppliers and the method of forming the maximum heat tariff.
Peculiarities of the psychotype of the indigenous peoples of the North in the projection of illegal behavior in the urban environment of the Russian Arctic
Authors: Naumenko Evgeny , Naumenko Olga , Phillips Viktoriya , Bortnikova Yulia
Published: November 2020

The article examines the peculiarities of the personality psycho-type of the indigenous peoples of the North, living in the cities of the Yamal-Nenets Autonomous Okrug (Arctic) and the territory of the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug, related to the regions of the Far North. The authors’ attention is drawn to the psychological characteristics that determine the illegal behavior of the indigenous popu-lation. The natural-climatic conditions of the Russian North, its Arctic zone, is very specific and deter¬mines a number of features in the psychological portrait of the personality. The life hood of the inheri-tors and practitioners of traditional culture, taken place in the conditions of an “impoverished living environment,” is distinguished by a specific way of life and perceptions, activities and social stratifica-tions, therefore, imposes a number of conditions and restrictions revealed in the psychological foun-dations of behavior and its law-oriented norms. The same characteristics remain dominant in the transition to an urban environment.
Strategic goals for a sustainable space in Russian Arctic cities and towns
Authors: Babkina Lyudmila , Skotarenko Oksana , Kozin Mikhail
Published: November 2020

The article contains a ranking method for a comparative analysis for its study objects: seven cities and towns in the Russian Federation Arctic zone, in their relation between in each other in each of the three years of the analysis. The positions were determined by 18 major indicators divided in two groups – social and economic – and comprising a general set of social, environmental, and economic indicators reflecting the degree of sustainable development in the Russian Federation Arctic Zone. The analysis results allowed us to identify an additive rank of a city or town for each of the two groups of indicators and its changes over the study time frame. All of the cities were put in one of the five socioeconomic development groups by comprehensive additive socioeconomic rank and calculated average rank. The differentiation of the cities and towns by groups helped identify the opportunities and areas of further step-by-step strategic development of the cities in order to raise the level of socioeconomic development and create a united sustainable space in the Russian Arctic.
Research on the features of innovative social services aimed at improving the quality of life of modern elderly people as the basis for sustainable social development of the country
Authors: Shcheglova Alexandra S.
Published: November 2020

Population aging is an objective global process that is characterized by an increase in the absolute and relative number of older people and a decreasing birth rate. The relevance of this study is that at the beginning of 2019, 146.781 million people lived in Russia, including 68.097 million men and 78.684 million women. Children aged 0 to 9 years - more than 18 million, teenagers from 10 to 19 years - more than 14.7 million people, young people from 20 to 29 years - more than 17.3 million people, 40-year-olds (40-49 years) - almost 20.3 million people, Rosstat calculated. There are 19.8 million pre-retirees aged 50-59 in Russia. In Russia, 60-year - olds and older-22%[15]. The increase in the number of elderly citizens leads to the fact that the state should look for new approaches to social services for the elderly in order to create the most comfortable living conditions for them and extend their period of active and independent longevity. The problem of social services for the elderly in the Russian Federation is particularly relevant at the present time, since the liberal reforms in Russia in the 1990s, associated with fundamental changes in the sphere of distribution relations and the transition to the market, radically changed the social conditions of Russian citizens. The current socio-economic situation in the country does not give confidence to the older generation. The increase in the retirement age and the low level of material pension provision add to modern Russian pensioners and people approaching this age category, worries about their social well-being[1].
Model of Development Rural Tourism Batik in Banyuwangi: A sustainable Development Approach
Authors: Anita Yunikawati Nur , Istiqomah Ni’matul , Jabbar Marzanah A , Sidi Fatimah
Published: November 2020

The role of the national tourism sector is increasingly important in line with the development and contribution of the tourism sector through foreign exchange, income, regional development as well as investment and employment and business development in various parts of Indonesia. Tourism villages have become a trend of developing alternative villages in the last decade. From year to year, the number of tourist villages in Indonesia has also grown rapidly. East Java Province is one of the provinces that has consistently developed the Tourism Village. Banyuwangi Regency has many interesting tourism objects to develop, such as nature tourism, historical tourism, art and cultural tourism or other tourism. Tampo Village is famous for its batik village tours which provide typical Banyuwangi batik. This study uses a research and development (R&D) design. The expected outputs are in the form of analysis of information updates on the potential of the batik tourism village and the batik tourism village development model. The development of the batik industry in Tampo aims to preserve cultural wealth and develop the potential that exists in Tampo Village. The potential for batik is one of the means to increase the economic growth of the village of Tampo. Through the development of a tourism village using the CBT approach, it is hoped that the Tampo batik tourism village can become one of the tourist attractions in Banyuwangi Regency.
Legal support of the activities of the customs authorities as a factor of the sustainable development of the Russian economy
Authors: Kozhukhanov Nikolay Mikhailovich , Ketsba Bata Igorevich , Somov Yuri Ivanovich
Published: November 2020

Poor quality and insufficient legal support for the activities of the customs authorities have a negative impact on the development of the Russian economy. The conducted evaluative historical and legal studies of the legal support of the activities of the customs authorities of the Russian Federation indicate the need for a detailed study of the regulations governing the activities of the customs. The study of the features of the current state of legal support for the activities of the customs authorities of the Russian Federation in the conditions of the functioning of the Eurasian Economic Union expands the empirical material that was collected in the course of the study, which makes it possible to apply the results obtained to study the influence of the supranational legal regulation on customs legal relations at the national level. The presented value judgments can be used in forecasting the development of the Russian economy. To establish the effectiveness of the legal support for the activities of the customs authorities and establish its impact on the sustainable development of the Russian economy, it is necessary to scientifically justify the methodological foundations that reveal the action of such a mechanism.
Crowdfunding regulation models: international and Russian experience in context of sustainable development
Authors: Prokofeva Elena , Chudinovskikh Marina , Kuvaeva Yulia , Kononenko Olesya , Boronenkova Nadezhda
Published: November 2020

The conditions, promoting active development of crowdfunding market through which the so-called “alternative financing” is implemented, have been created in the global economy in the last few years. The article discusses the transformation experience of crowdfunding model types during the period from 2014, describes the existing regimes of legal regulation of crowdfunding in worldwide practice. Special attention is given to the description of Russian legal initiative aimed at the implementation of crowd-technologies in the investment activities. The authors identified three approaches to the crowdfunding regulation: prohibited, self-regulated and regulated. The Russian approach was changed from self-regulated to regulated with the entry into force of new laws from January 1, 2020. In Republic of Belarus crowdfunding is still self-regulated. Crowdfunding is considered by the authors as a promising financial technology that contributes to sustainable development and economic growth.
Public Sector Sustainability in the Balanced Scorecard – A Portuguese City Council Case
Authors: Pereira Inês , Oliveira Helena Costa
Published: November 2020

Increasingly, sustainability has been integrated in public organizations, particularly by regional authorities. The Balanced Scorecard (BSC), as a tool for assessing and measuring the performance of organizations enables the integration of sustainability (in its environmental, social and economic issues) in a Sustainability Balanced Scorecard (SBSC). The purpose of this study is to design a SBSC for a Portuguese city council that assists a population of 24 thousand inhabitants. In this sense, it aims to structure the BSC’s perspectives in the city council; interrelate sustainability issues in a SBSC, and; articulate the several perspectives on a strategic map. The present case resorts on a questionnaire sent to the city council president and document analysis. We conclude that the sustainability and the traditional structure of the BSC adapt to public organization. The study contributes to the development of sustainability in the public sector, presenting sustainability in an integrated and systemic manner, aligned with the several organizational responsibilities.
Social capital in the system of corporate sustainability
Authors: Orekhova Svetlana , Zarutskaya Vera , Bausova Yulia
Published: November 2020

Social capital is a key factor in corporate sustainability in the ecosystem era. Analysis of the theoretical background reveals that social capital can function at all levels of economy – from the individual to the state. Therefore, social capitalis on the one hand an independent resource generating income. On the other hand, social capital provides access to the ecosystem actors’ resources.Oftentimes stakeholders underestimate social capital because of its intrinsic “public good” quality and limit investment in it. The ecosystem social capital structure includes several dimensions. The elements of each dimension are applied to strengthen the performance of corporate sustainability indicators.
Strategic thinking as a factor of sustainable development of the organization
Authors: Bikmetov Evgeniy , Galimullina Natalya , Ruvenny Igor , Sizonenko Zarina , Sizonenko Roman
Published: November 2020

The article reveals the methodological foundations of the effective staff training and identifies the influence directions of organizational training on the strategic thinking formation. In the changing world in which crises become a natural phenomenon and the long-term planning is difficult, strategic thinking is actualized. Strategic thinking is based on the ability to interact with future, understand the changes and transform it into concrete strategic actions. Result of overcoming the crisis is determined by the ability of the company’s management to find the right balance between defensive strategies aimed at preserving the results of the past, and offensive strategies focused on using of the opportunities for development. The authors propose an understanding of strategic thinking as an actual activity of the subject of management, motivated by organizational needs and values, aimed at determining the general path of sustainable movement to the long-term goals taking into account the dynamism and uncertainty of the environment, the changing ratio of expected long-term benefits and costs; a system of competence indicators “strategic thinking” has been developed; the possibility of organizational training in the formation of such competence as strategic thinking has been substantiated.
The consumer market is the most important factor in the region’s sustainable development during the pandemic
Authors: Novikova Natalya , Dianova Larisa , Znachek Rafaela
Published: November 2020

During the coronavirus pandemic the problems of sustainability of the Russian economy, as well as the economy of regions that form it, sharply worsened. The protracted, global course of the COVID-19 epidemic has given the exceptional urgency to the problem of the sustainable development of regions. There is a lack of knowledge of the global, national, regional dynamics in the conditions of the epidemic, despite the world scale of the problem. The sustainability and integrity of the country depend on the sustainability of the regional social and economic system. The purpose of this research is to identify trends in the development of the regional consumer market in the conditions of the pandemic, to reveal its significance in forming the region’s sustainable development. To conduct the research the authors used the first statistic data about the functioning of the national and regional consumer market in the conditions of the pandemic. The object of the study is one of the Russian regions –the Sverdlovsk region. The theoretical basis of the research is the concept of the sustainable development of the social and economic system.
Analysis of the factors of sustainable development of ecosystems in the territories of the North
Authors: Ilysheva Nina , Karanina Elena , Baldesku Elena
Published: November 2020

The article considers the problem of achieving sustainable development. The purpose of this study is to identify the interconnection between the components of sustainable development, taking into account the involvement of indigenous peoples in the protection of the environment. In the context of climate change, the process of achieving sustainable development is becoming more complicated. Indigenous peoples are the first to feel the effects of climate change and play an important role in the environmental monitoring of their places of residence. The environment is the basis of life for indigenous peoples, and bioresources are the main source of food supply. Over time, the value of bioresources will increase, and therefore, economic development cannot be considered in isolation. It is assumed that the stability components are interconnected and affect each other. To identify this interconnection, a correlation model was developed. The model is based on statistical methods and allows us to determine the close interconnection between economic development and its environmental footprint in the context of climate change. The developed correlation model can be used by a wide range of state-owned companies, and the general principles for constructing this model can be used by companies of different industries.
Assessing the Role of the Framework Programmes for Research and Innovation ‘Horizon 2020’ and ‘Horizon Europe’ in Sustainable Development of the European Union
Authors: Rodionova Elena , Kuzminykh Zhanna , Gamova Ekaterina
Published: November 2020

The authors present the results of their research into the European Union’s innovation policy and the framework programmes for research and innovation as a key tool for ensuring sustainable development in Europe. The study has found that the EU innovation policy has a strong focus on achieving the goals of the economic, social and environmentaldimensions of the sustainable development agenda. Besides, attaining certain innovation indicators itself is a target of sustainable development. The current Horizon 2020Programme and the future Horizon Europe Programme are clearly aligned with the EU’s sustainable development strategic documents. As one of the leaders in the practical implementation of this concept, the European Union is setting standards and directions for further action for other countries and regions while remaining open to cooperative research and projects.
Typology of the countries of Central and Eastern Europe including the CIS: features of the use of alternative energy
Authors: Jednak Sandra , Shuvalova Olga , Rodionova Irina
Published: November 2020

The article describes the features of the current state and future development of renewable energy without taking into account the use of water resources in the countries of Central and Eastern Europe (CEE) and European Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) countries (except Russia). The energy economy of the observed countries varies significantly in structure and total energy consumption, as well as in the degree and structure of alternative energy sources. The study was based on energy statistics (IRENA, UN Statistics Division. REN21, BP, IEA), etc. The purpose of the paper is to propose a typology of countries according to the level of alternative energy development based on an analysis of the existing conditions for pursue of such innovative energy policy. It is shown that the two different types of countries are distinguished. The first type is the more industrially developed countries, but alternative energy is relatively poorly developed in them. The second type is the agro-industrial countries. But they have higher rates of energy production using alternative energy sources per unit of GDP.
Some aspects of sustainable development management of business entities
Authors: Presnyakova Daria , Khryuchkina Elena
Published: November 2020

The article deals with the management of sustainable development of business entities. So, stability characterizes the current state of a certain economic object to the pressure of external factors. In order to increase the stability of the organization to the effects of various factors, it is necessary to improve the object itself in such areas as social, economic and financial stability. These concepts are interrelated and actively affect the current economic activity of the facility. This article discusses various approaches to determining the sustainable development of organizations at different levels of business processes. The aim of the study of management of sustainable development of business entities is to develop optimal mechanisms of economic management that ensure the current sustainability of organizations. To achieve this goal, the issues of social, economic and financial stability of organizations were considered, the main trends and results of economic decisions during the functioning of economic entities were analyzed, the degree of their resistance to market conditions was determined. The theoretical and methodological basis for the study of sustainable development management of business entities were the works of domestic and foreign scientists in various fields of economics, enterprise management, and a comprehensive analysis of the financial and economic situation. For clarity, the authors have built figures, prepared tables and analyzed the data obtained. The article draws conclusions about the role of sustainable development in the economic life of business entities.
Learning Models in Sustainable Education
Authors: Nagaeva Irina
Published: November 2020

Digital technologies can be used for the education system crisis resolution in the modern context. The conducted studies point to the necessity of the integrated learning model development using distance learning technologies and e-learning for the sustainable education support. Due to the diversity of models the methodology of their application shall be developed and the degree of application efficiency for different form of education shall be assessed.
Education and Sustainable development: interplay and implications
Authors: Belke Ansgar , Zenkov Andrei , Sazanova Larisa
Published: November 2020

Universities and other Higher education institutions are more than ever on the cusp of disruptive and radical changes while struggling to keep their traditional remit from falling entirely into the hands of managers and accountants. This paper examines the role of (higher) education in achieving sustainable development goals and addresses the important changes facing higher education from multiple perspectives and divergent cultural viewpoints.
Application of sustainable development principles in foreign language education
Authors: Makarova Elena
Published: November 2020

The article is aimed at identifying sustainable development principles and their application in foreign language education process in the context of a Russian university. The relevance of two basic elements of quality education, such as educational content and the learning environment to sustainable development principles’ development are considered. The results of the survey aimed at identifying students’ perception of these two are presented. The analysis of effective ways of developing students’ competences related to English language learning and cross-cultural aspects, compatible with sustainable development, is presented. Implications of students’ involvement into extra-curricular activities and events designed and held on the interdisciplinary basis and aimed at reaching sustainable development objectives are suggested for practical implementation.
Integrated approach to foreign language teaching: sustainable development of higher education
Authors: Pirozhkova Irina
Published: November 2020

The article discusses development of an integrated approach of teaching English to students majoring in Management and IT technologies in the Ural State University of Economics and describes the experience of its implementation. Current trends in education require the use of non-traditional means in class to activate students’ potential and help them master the necessary competences. This integrated approach meets the requirements of the educational standard and is based on the survey among students held to reveal their needs and interests in a foreign language. It exceeds the boundaries of the textbook (which is still the basis for learning) and includes participation in multi-university projects and scientific conferences, use of on-line resources and creative tasks.
Innovative approach to higher education management as an important factor of sustainable economic development
Authors: Zhukovskaya Irina , Begicheva Svetlana , Nazarov Dmitry
Published: November 2020

The article shows that innovative approaches to the organization of management of higher education institutions are an important factor in the sustainable development of the economy. In particular, this paper proposes a model for optimizing managerial decisions based on the conducted causal analysis of socio-economic systems. Structural equation modeling (SEM) is widely used to verify conceptual models that determine the direction and strength of causal relationships. The paper proposes to combine the SEM results with the analysis carried out by methods of fuzzy cognitive modeling. This synthesis of models supports what-if analysis and makes it possible to determine the optimal control strategy. The implementation of the proposed model was carried out on data set from the survey of students of the Tashkent State University of Economics studying remotely through a digital platform at the Ural State University of Economics. The purpose of the survey was to analyze student loyalty. The calculations were performed taking into account various input configurations corresponding to specific control strategies
The social capital impact on the effectiveness of university departments
Authors: Agapova Elena , Zharova Marina , Gushchina Irina , Ivanova Ekaterina , Kravtsova Natalia
Published: November 2020

The article presents the results of assessing the level of social capital of a university department, the mutual influence of the type of organizational culture and the effectiveness of its work. In the course of the study, the concept of social capital was generalized and refined in the context of the concept of sustainable education, as well as in relation to an educational institution, to the community of a higher educational organization. There were tested the ideas of N.P. Makarkin and O.B. Tomilina about the impact of organizational culture on the efficiency of the university. To ensure the comparison of the different departments data with each other there was proposed a method for bringing to a single scale of assessments and calculating weighted average indicators, which made it possible to derive a single integral assessment of the social capital of a department/unit.
On the Question of the Content of Educational Strategy Concept
Authors: Slavnetskova Lyudmila , Odintsova Tatyana , Chepelenko Kseniya , Baurova Yulia
Published: November 2020

The problem-thematic focus of the article is concentrated on the phenomenon of pedagogical strategies. Pedagogical strategies are one of the central concepts of pedagogical discourse, reflecting the specifics of the pedagogical reality of our time. Stressing the great scientific and practical interest of modern researchers to the phenomenon of pedagogical strategies, the article discusses the importance and argues the need to work out the concept of pedagogical strategy for the development of conceptual and terminological apparatus of pedagogy. The article emphasizes the importance of the strategic vector of higher education pedagogy, where its significance is especially great. The analytical description of the presented definitions of the pedagogical strategy concept, revealing its essential features, allows us to outline the connotative space of the term, which cannot yet be recognized as finally formed and completed.
Ecologically oriented humanitarian education managementin the context of the Russian federation subject’s boarder territories sustainable development
Authors: Dmitrieva Y.V. , Galkovskiy G.A.
Published: November 2020

This article presents the results of an interdisciplinary study aimed at identifying the effectiveness of introducing productive educational technologies into the system of ecologically oriented higher education in the Humanities. The system of higher humanitarian education is viewed in the context of sustainable development of the Russian Federation border territories (on the example of the Pskov Region). The author’s solution for the development of higher humanitarian education in the context of sustainable development of the border territories of the North-Western Federal District is presented.
Inferring key epidemiological parameters and transmission dynamics of COVID-19 based on a modified SEIR model
Authors: Wang Xiaoyan , Tang Tianjiao , Cao Lang , Aihara Kazuyuki , Guo Qian
Published: November 2020

This study aims to establish a model-based framework for inferring key transmission characteristics of the newly emerging outbreak of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), especially the epidemic dynamics under quarantine conditions. Inspired by the shifting therapeutic levels and capacity at different stages of the COVID-19 pandemic, we propose a modified SEIR model with a two-phase removal rate of quarantined hosts undergoing continuously tunable transition. We employ the Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) approach for inferring and forecasting the epidemiological dynamics from the publicly available surveillance reports. The effectiveness of a short-term prediction is illustrated by adopting the data sets from 10 demographic regions including Chinese mainland and South Korea. In the surveillance period, the average R0 ranges from 1.74 to 3.28, and the median of the mean latent period does not exceed 10 days across the surveillance regions.
Nach dem Lockdown – 10 Thesen zur Zukunft der Krankenhäuser nach Corona
Authors: Iserloh Manuel , Fleischer Werner
Published: November 2020

Die COVID-19 Pandemie und die folgenden Einschränkungen haben deutsche Krankenhäuser erstmals einer echten Krisensituation ausgesetzt. Zentrale Erfolgsfaktoren der ersten Phase waren Führungsstärke und Kommunikationsfähigkeit, zukünftig werden es zudem Digitalisierung und agile Strukturen sein.
Cell-free DNA Testing in Routine Practice: Characterisation of a Cohort with Positive Results for Trisomies, Sex Chromosome Anomalies and Microdeletions
Authors: Tekesin Ismail
Published: November 2020

Introduction Cell-free DNA (cfDNA) testing is increasingly used as a screening method not only for trisomy (T) 21 but also for T18 and T13, sex chromosome anomalies (SCA) and microdeletions. Based on cases with a positive cfDNA result in our specialised prenatal practice, this study aims to characterise the usage of cfDNA testing and to estimate the positive predictive value (PPV) in routine practice in Germany.

Patients and Methods In this retrospective study we analysed the data of all pregnant women with a positive cfDNA result seen between 09/2013 and 12/2019. Women were either referred due to the positive result or the test was initiated in our practice. The primary parameter of interest was the concordance of cfDNA tests with confirmatory genetic testing.

Results We encountered 81 cases with a positive cfDNA test (T21: 49.4%; T18: 9.9%; T13: 8.6%; SCA: 22.2%; 22q12del: 8.6%). The PPV was 95.0% for T21, but considerably lower for T18 (55.6%) and T13 (28.6%). For SCAs it was 23.1% and no case with DiGeorge syndrome was confirmed. 63% of the patients had not received a fetal anomaly scan before cfDNA testing. In first-trimester fetuses with a cfDNA test predicting an autosomal aneuploidy, fetal anomalies were detected in 90.3% of the cases. No false positive case had an abnormal US result.

Conclusions Despite the excellent specificity of cfDNA tests, the PPV for aneuploidies other than T21 is low in routine practice. In discordance with the current guidelines, cfDNA test is often used without a previous detailed anomaly scan. Our data provide valuable information to assist patient counselling and shared decision making.
The Influence of Lumbar Modifiers on Functional and Radiological Outcomes in the Brace Treatment of Lenke Type 1 Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis
Authors: Bayrak Alkan , Duramaz Altug , Koluman Alican , Belen Burak , Öztürk Vedat
Published: November 2020

Background Brace treatment prevents the progression of scoliosis and reduces surgical treatment rates. However, the efficacy of brace treatment varies depending on the patientʼs age, gender, curve magnitude and type, structure of the curve, and patient compliance at the beginning of treatment.

Methods Between January 2009 and April 2015, 106 Lenke type 1 AIS consecutive patients (69 females, 37 males) who were treated with a brace were examined in three groups according to Lenke classification lumbar modifiers. The patients were evaluated at pre-bracing and 1 and 2 years after bracing. The Scoliosis Research Society 22 (SRS-22) and Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) were used for functional evaluation. Radiological evaluation revealed the Cobb angle, thoracic kyphosis angle, lumbar lordosis angle, trunk shift, shoulder asymmetry, and body height difference.

Results Functional and radiological evaluation showed a statistically significant improvement in Lenke 1A, 1B, and 1C at 1 and 2 years after bracing compared to the pre-bracing (p = 0.000, p = 0.000, and p = 0.000, respectively). Lenke 1C had the best ODI score and followed by decreasing values of 1B and 1A respectively (p = 0.009). Lenke 1B had the best SRS-22 score and the mean scores of 1A and 1C were equal (p = 0.017). There was no significant difference between the groups in the parameters other than the trunk shift in radiological evaluation (p = 0.043).

Conclusions Significant improvement was observed in all types of lumbar modifiers at the end of the 2nd year compared to pre-bracing. The best improvement in the ODI score was in the 1C modifier, whereas the best improvement in the SRS-22 score was in the 1B modifier. The type of lumbar modifier should be directly taken into consideration before starting brace treatment in Lenke type 1 AIS.

Level of evidence Level III, retrospective study
Bioabsorbable Unsintered Hydroxyapatite/Poly-l-Lactic Acid Pin Fixation of Osteochondritis Dissecans in Adolescents: Initial Experiences
Authors: Zeilinger Martin Georg , Autenrieth Christian , Remmel Kerstin , Schuh Alexander , Hammon Matthias , Schraml Annemarie , Uder Michael , Rompel Oliver
Published: November 2020

Background This study sought to retrospectively evaluate the clinical and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) outcomes of u-HA/PLLA pin (u-HA/PLLA: hydroxyapatite/poly-L-lactic acid) pin fixation of unstable osteochondritis dissecans (OCD) lesions of the knee.

Methods Seven adolescent patients (four females and three males) with arthroscopically unstable OCD lesions of the knee were included. The mean age at diagnosis was 13.1 years. Clinical results were evaluated preoperatively and during follow-up using the Ogilvie-Harris score (0 – 15 points). MRI scans were performed preoperatively and during follow-up, with results evaluated using the Dipaola classification (grades 1 – 4). Mean follow-up time was 29 months.

Results The median Ogilvie-Harris score improved from 13 points (range: 10 – 14 points) to 15 points (range: 13 – 15 points). Separately, the median Dipaola score improved from 3 points (range: 2 – 4 points) to 1 point (range: 1 – 4 points). No complications such as infection, synovitis, or intra-articular adhesion were observed.

Conclusions Initial experiences using bioabsorbable u-HA/PLLA pins for the refixation of unstable OCD lesions in adolescents in the knee are promising, and MRI provides excellent monitoring of healing.
Clinical and Radiological Outcomes of Trochanteric AO/OTA 31A2 Fractures: Comparison between Helical Blade and Lag Screw – A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Hancıoğlu Sertan , Gem Kadir , Tosyali Hakan Koray , Okçu Güvenir
Published: November 2020

Introduction The purpose of this study was to compare the clinical and radiological outcomes of AO/OTA type 31A2 fractures treated by the use of trochanteric nails either with a blade or a screw.

Patients and Methods This study was designed retrospectively. Between May 2007 and May 2014, a total of 144 patients with trochanteric fractures were admitted to the clinic, and only 65 of them met the inclusion criteria. Thirty-two of them (blade group) were treated with a helical blade and the rest of the 33 patients (screw group) were treated with a screw. The mean ages of the patients were 76.01 and 75.82, respectively (p = 0.905). The mean follow-up time was 27.6 months (blade group: 34.2 ± 19.1 months; screw group: 18.6 ± 7.9 months; p < 0.001). Between these two groups, we evaluated the differences in tip apex distances (TAD), calcar-referenced tip-apex distances (Cal-TAD), implant positions, cut-out rates, and implant failures. Functional outcomes were measured with the help of the Harris Hip Score.

Results No significant differences were seen between the blade and screw groups by means of cutting out, implant positions, and varus collapse. Cutting out was seen in a total of six patients (blade group n = 2; screw group = 4; p = 0.672) and varus collapse in nine patients (blade group n = 5, screw group n = 4; p = 0.733). Harris Hip Scores were similar between the two groups (blade group: 72.70 ± 18.43; screw group: 80.83 ± 18.75; p = 0.84).
Triple Open Dislocation in the Index Finger of the Hand Without a High-Energy Trauma
Authors: Utrillas María Amparo Fontestad , Armiño Paúl Vicente Alonso de , Rodrigo Marta Sancho
Published: November 2020

A simultaneous double dislocation (both proximal [PIP] and distal [DIP] interphalangeal joints) of a triphalangeal finger is a rare entity. The most common hand affected is the right hand. In the case of a closed triple dislocation (metacarpophalangeal [MCP], PIP and DIP joints); there are only two cases in the literature revised. In this case, we report an open triple dislocation in the index finger of the left-hand of a 54-year-old man treated by closed reduction and 3 weeks of immobilization followed by active mobilization with satisfactory results.

Level of evidence 3
Free Non-vascularized Toe Phalangeal Transfers in Symbrachydactyly: Outcome Analysis
Authors: Sapage Rita , Rosa João , Pereira Eva Campos , Silva Marta Santos , Pereira Alexandre , Silva César
Published: November 2020

Introduction Free nonvascularized toe phalangeal transfer is an established surgical option for the reconstruction of hypoplastic digits. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate our experience with this procedure and to assess bone growth and digit function as well foot morbidity.

Material and Methods We retrospectively evaluated the clinical records for all children with symbrachydactyly submitted to free nonvascularized toe phalangeal transfer between 2002 and 2017. A total of 8 patients were included. We summoned the patients to an appointment to clinically assess the range of motion, the stability, and the alignment of the neo-joint. We radiographically measured the final length and the expected percentage of growth of the transferred phalanx. We also evaluated the foot for comorbidities.

Results The mean age at the time of the first surgery was 19 months (range: 8–42 months). A total of 20 phalanges were harvested: 16 total proximal phalanges, 2 middle phalanges, 1 subtotal proximal phalanx, and 1 accessory thumb phalanx. The distal part of one proximal phalanx was trimmed because the skin pocket was too tight. Two patients underwent a secondary procedure to release the syndactyly. One transfer required revision surgery due to distal tip necrosis and exposition of the transferred phalanx. In the present series, the overall clinical and radiographic outcomes were compatible to those reported in other studies.

Discussion The main limitation of the nonvascularized toe phalanx transfer is the preexisting soft tissue envelope of the finger and the limited growth potential of the transferred bone.

Conclusion Irrespective of the amount of growth achieved in the transferred phalanx, the actual transfer and growth attained should not be viewed as the end result, but rather as a means of providing a stable and functional joint.
Diagnostic and Therapeutic Approach to Acute Scaphoid Fractures
Authors: Polo Simón Fernando , García Medrano Belén , Delgado Serrano Pedro J.
Published: November 2020

The scaphoid is the carpal bone that most often fractures, accounting for up to 70% of carpal fractures and 11% of hand fractures. It is the second most common arm fracture, only surpassed by fractures of the distal radius. Despite being so common, these fractures can be difficult to diagnose and treat due to the anatomic and physiological particularities of the bone, including its precarious vascularization, its complex three-dimensional structure, and its ligament connections, which greatly contribute to the risk of complications such as malunion, pseudoarthrosis and avascular necrosis. Although there are many published studies on the treatment of these injuries, there is still controversy over what is the most suitable one for certain fracture types. The present article is a comprehensive and updated review of the literature. Combining strategies for clinical and radiological diagnosis, we propose a complete algorithm for the diagnosis of scaphoid fractures based on the varying availability of resources, and we also describe the most appropriate therapeutic approach for the different types of acute fractures of this bone.