bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Managing open innovation within supply networks in mature industries
Authors: Kazemargi Niloofar , Tavoletti Ernesto , Appolloni Andrea , Cerruti Corrado
Published: March 2022

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to investigate how focal firms in supply networks manage weak and strong ties for exploration and exploitation innovation in mature industries. In doing so, the paper extends the understanding of how focal firms manage open innovation (OI).

Design/methodology/approach

The empirical base is a multiple case study conducted on three companies operating in mature industries in Europe.

Findings

Findings of this study reveal, analyze and explain a diverse set of OI practices in the supply networks of mature industries in which the focal firms integrate strong and weak supply ties to enhance innovation outcomes. This study provides a fine-grained view of the benefits of the additive and interactive effects of strong and weak ties in OI. More specifically, the analysis reveals an enhancing role of strong supply ties in exploration, which previously was associated solely with weak ties. Moreover, this study sheds light on the dominant and orchestrating roles of focal firms.

Practical implications

The findings provide insights to enhance OI practices beyond the limited role of the weak ties of the supply network and highlight the essential role of the strong supply ties in mature industries.

Originality/value

While previous studies have associated exploration with weak ties, findings of this study reveal that exploration-oriented activities in mature industries also extend to strong ties. In the strong ties of mature industries, this study finds there is not only the exploitation of existing knowledge but also the reconfiguration and innovation of products.
Factors influence user’s intention to continue use of e-banking during COVID-19 pandemic: the nexus between self-determination and expectation confirmation model
Authors: Rahi Samar , Alghizzawi Mahmoud , Ngah Abdul Hafaz
Published: March 2022

Purpose

Internet banking services are proven to be much advantageous and convenient during COVID-19 pandemic. However, vibrant networking designs and dynamic changes in software development have made these services bit complex. Thus, the current study seeks to investigate Internet banking user continuance intention with factors underpinning self-determination theory (SDT) and expectation confirmation model (ECM) theory. The moderating role of image is studied between user intention to continue use of Internet banking and intention to recommend Internet banking service in social networks during COVID-19 pandemic.

Design/methodology/approach

The quantitative research approach is applied and data collected through a research survey. For inferential analysis, 360 responses were collected from active Internet banking users. The integrated information system model was empirically tested using structural equation modeling (SEM) approach.

Findings

Findings indicate that integrated IS research model has substantial explanatory power, i.e. 57.8% to predict continuance intention of Internet banking users. Within integrated research model, intrinsic regulation was found the most influential factor in order to determine Internet banking user continuance intention. Beside two theories integration, this study confirmed that the relationship between user continuance intention and intention to recommend Internet banking is moderated by image.

Practical implications

The fundamental contribution of this study is the integration of technological and motivational factors in Internet banking user continuance intention context. Theoretically, integration of both theories ECM and SDT in technology continuance intention context will enrich the emerging e-commerce literature. Concerning with managerial implications, intrinsic regulation was identified as an important factor among other factors. Therefore, managers and software developers need to understand user’s intrinsic motivational factors in order to boost continuance intention of Internet banking users. It is also suggested that managers and marketing personnel should pay special attention to create a positive image of Internet banking services among Internet banking users.

Originality/value

Within information system literature the concept of user continuance intention has yet to be examined especially in Internet banking context. Thus, current research fills research gap and proposes an integrated technology motivational framework that combines motivational factors and technology factors altogether to investigate Internet banking user continuance behavior.
Influence of headship instructional leadership proficiencies on academic performance: the case of rural primary schools of Kweneng region in Botswana
Authors: Bakokonyane Kaone
Published: March 2022

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to identify the headship instructional leadership proficiencies, and how they influenced academic performance in high and low performing rural primary schools of Kweneng region.

Design/methodology/approach

Qualitative approach, using a multi-cross case study analysis was used. Data were collected through an in-depth, semi-structured and focus group interviews, observations and document analysis. Purposive sampling methods were used, and the study drew data from 56 participants. These were 4 school heads, 4 deputy school heads, 4 heads of department, 8 senior teachers, 12 teachers and 24 learners.

Findings

The cross-analysis case study findings revealed that high-performing rural primary schools involved their staff and stakeholders in crafting and implementation of the school vision, mission, values and strategic plans. This approach helped them in monitoring school and classroom instructions; hence, resulting in improved academic performance. On the contrary, low-performing schools paid lip service to “involvement” approach.

Research limitations/implications

The implication for further study is that any future study can consolidate and expand the findings of this research by focusing on Botswana's rural secondary schools.

Practical implications

The implication of this study is that the ability of an excellent school head with instructional leadership proficiencies can change a low-performing rural primary school into a high-performing rural primary school. Therefore, schools heads who have instructional leadership proficiencies can be placed in low-performing schools for transformation.

Social implications

Moreover, the social implication is that school heads from low-performing schools should benchmark instructional leadership proficiencies from high-performing schools.

Originality/value

The written case study narratives were given to participants for approval to find out if what was written was what they said. After their approval, the research supervisors validated them to check for biases and exaggerations.
Trends, risks and potential cooperations in the AI development market: expectations of the Hungarian investors and developers in an international context
Authors: Feher Katalin , Veres Zoltan
Published: March 2022

Purpose

The goal of the paper is to identify the comprehensive trends, practical implications and risks of artificial intelligence (AI) technology in the economy and society, exploring the expectations of Hungarian powerful actors in a global arena.

Design/methodology/approach

Sociology of expectations framed the theoretical considerations. The explorative research design presents an anonymous qualitative online survey. Respondents represent the Hungarian AI Coalition with a quarter of the members.

Findings

The key finding is a controversial result. Although AI is interpreted as a decision-supportive and problem-solving technology for the economy, uncertainties and fears for the society are clearly formulated. Interpreting the results and the originality of the paper, trust building and responsibility sharing in cross-industrial collaborations are fundamental to reduce social uncertainties, override the popular or science fiction narratives and increase the future well-being.

Research limitations/implications

The length of textual responses did not allow a deeper analysis. However, for professional reasons, participants were committed to completing the survey.

Practical implications

The paper suggests for business and policymaking to identify the AI technology as a tool distinguishing from tech-owners’ responsibilities. Therefore, the implications of the study support a reliable AI and also potential for cross-industrial collaborations.

Originality/value

The paper highlights the uncertainties of business investment and policymaking to encourage a comparative research project in the EU for trustworthy AI. Similar exploratory studies with the same focus, sample and outcome are not available yet
How technostress and self-control of social networking sites affect academic achievement and wellbeing
Authors: Whelan Eoin , Golden Willie , Tarafdar Monideepa
Published: March 2022

Purpose

Social networking sites (SNS) are heavily used by university students for personal and academic purposes. Despite their benefits, using SNS can generate stress for many people. SNS stressors have been associated with numerous maladaptive outcomes. The objective in this study is to investigate when and how SNS use damages student achievement and psychological wellbeing.

Design/methodology/approach

Combining the theoretical perspectives from technostress and the strength model of self-control, this study theoretically develops and empirically tests the pathways which explain how and when SNS stressors harm student achievement and psychological wellbeing. The authors test the research model through a two-wave survey of 220 SNS using university students.

Findings

The study extends existing research by showing that it is through the process of diminishing self-control over SNS use that SNS stressors inhibit achievement and wellbeing outcomes. The study also finds that the high use of SNS for academic purposes enhances the effect of SNS stressors on deficient SNS self-control.

Originality/value

This study further opens up the black box of the social media technostress phenomenon by documenting and validating novel processes (i.e. deficient self-control) and conditions (i.e. enhanced academic use) on which the negative impacts of SNS stressors depend.
A review of sustainability trade-offs affecting suppliers in developed and less developed countries
Authors: Nand Alka Ashwini , Menon Raveen , Bhattacharya Ananya , Bhamra Ran
Published: March 2022

Purpose

This paper aims to investigate the current state of research on sustainability-related manufacturing trade-offs (i.e. giving preference and priority to one dimension over others) that affect suppliers in developed and less developed countries (LDCs). There is growing pressure on suppliers to adopt sustainable practices into their global supply chains. Successfully implementing all three dimensions of the triple bottom line (TBL) imperative can provide organizations with an added capability and potentially result in competitive advantage and a focus on sustainable development goals (SDGs) in the long run. However, designing supply chains for achieving the TBL requires suppliers to recognize and overcome numerous trade-offs.

Design/methodology/approach

A systematic literature review comprising 71 papers published between 2004 and 2020 was undertaken using a content analysis approach to identify trade-offs affecting suppliers.

Findings

This study firstly identified eight sustainability-related trade-offs affecting suppliers from a TBL perspective in both developed and LDCs, consequently, allowing for a detailed discussion on trade-off factors and conditions unique to both developed and LDCs. Together, these findings enable this study to present initiatives and investment-related decisions for supply chains from a TBL perspective.

Originality/value

In spite of the plethora of studies on sustainable supply chains, there is little research on trade-offs, specifically those affecting sustainability of suppliers operating in LDCs. This paper addresses this critical gap and advances the literature on sustainability-related supply chain trade-offs.
The relationship between knowledge-based economies and economic growth: an empirical analysis on the Asia-Pacific region 2011–2018
Authors: Elhini Maha , Mourad Yara
Published: March 2022

Purpose

This paper aims to examine the relationship between knowledge-economy and economic growth in 16 Asia-Pacific (AP) countries during the period 2011–2018. The study also aims to investigate a diversity of knowledge-economy pillars, including tertiary education, domestic innovation, foreign innovation, economic incentives and institutional regime and information and communications technologies (ICTs) and their relation to economic growth.

Design/methodology/approach

The study applies a comparative empirical analysis using pooled ordinary least squares (OLS), one-step difference generalised methods of moments (GMM) and bias-corrected least-squares dummy variables (LSDVc) estimators to test this relationship.

Findings

Pooled OLS estimators deemed suboptimal to the panel data under study, while GMM results reveal a significant relationship between tertiary education, domestic and foreign innovation, government expenditure and investments with economic growth. Of these results, domestic innovation, investments and government consumption are positively correlated with economic growth, whereas tertiary education and foreign innovation show a negative relation. Meanwhile, institutions and ICT have insignificant relationships with economic growth. LSDVc results coincide with GMM results with respect to tertiary education, whereas institutions is the only additional significant and negatively correlated variable with economic growth.

Research limitations/implications

The main limitation of this research lies in the unavailability of proxy data for knowledge economy pillars in monetary terms, and hence, the paper relies on indices.

Originality/value

The novelty of the study lies in its aim to investigate economic growth in the AP region that is enhanced by domestic innovation, foreign innovation or both – an area which is empirically understudied in the knowledge-economy context. Further, the paper’s novelty lies in its application of a comparative empirical analysis between the most popular dynamic panel estimators – dynamic GMM and bias-corrected LSDVc for AP countries.
Drivers of growth expectations in Latin American rural contexts
Authors: Mahn Daniel , Lecuna Antonio , Chavez Gonzalo , Barros Sebastian
Published: March 2022

Purpose

Given the importance of growth-oriented entrepreneurship in the context of economic development and the need to understand how rural communities can be developed, the purpose of this research paper is to determine how the drivers of growth expectations differ between urban and rural settings.

Design/methodology/approach

The methodology is threefold: firstly, a descriptive analysis with non-parametric testing is conducted; then pooled regression model is used to analyse the predictors of growth expectations in both contexts, and finally, coarsened exact matching is used to identify possible self-selection bias.

Findings

In contrast to mainstream entrepreneurship theory, it is found that entrepreneurs’ intrinsic knowledge, skills and abilities are not significant in the rural-specific model. The only exception is entrepreneurs’ educational level, the importance of which is emphasised as a pivotal factor in increasing high-growth ventures in rural communities. Additionally, when self-selection is eliminated, rurality worsens growth intentions.

Practical implications

There is evidence that some growth-oriented entrepreneurs self-select into rural communities. Because the high-growth entrepreneurial dynamics in rural areas are unique, public policies should target purpose-driven entrepreneurial education. This includes encouraging “lifestyle entrepreneurship” (e.g. retirees returning to rural areas to become entrepreneurs), preventing entrepreneurial brain drain in rural areas and attracting highly educated urban entrepreneurs to exploit opportunities in rural areas.

Originality/value

This research attempts to contribute to the ongoing debate regarding the factors that drive high-growth entrepreneurs in rural areas by analysing rural entrepreneurs in the high-growth context of a developing economy. The focus is on Chile – a country that is rarely investigated compared to the USA or Europe – to extend the literature on high-growth ventures and entrepreneurial ecosystems.
FPGA accelerated model predictive control for autonomous driving
Authors: Li Yunfei , Li Shengbo Eben , Jia Xingheng , Zeng Shulin , Wang Yu
Published: March 2022

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to reduce the difficulty of model predictive control (MPC) deployment on FPGA so that researchers can make better use of FPGA technology for academic research.

Design/methodology/approach

In this paper, the MPC algorithm is written into FPGA by combining hardware with software. Experiments have verified this method.

Findings

This paper implements a ZYNQ-based design method, which could significantly reduce the difficulty of development. The comparison with the CPU solution results proves that FPGA has a significant acceleration effect on the solution of MPC through the method.

Research limitations implications

Due to the limitation of practical conditions, this paper cannot carry out a hardware-in-the-loop experiment for the time being, instead of an open-loop experiment.

Originality value

This paper proposes a new design method to deploy the MPC algorithm to the FPGA, reducing the development difficulty of the algorithm implementation on FPGA. It greatly facilitates researchers in the field of autonomous driving to carry out FPGA algorithm hardware acceleration research.
The mediating role of prosocial motivation in the context of knowledge sharing and self-determination theory
Authors: Göhler Georg-Friedrich , Hattke Judith , Göbel Markus
Published: March 2022

Purpose

This paper aims to determine whether prosocial motivation acts as a mediator between the individual motivation types of self-determination theory and knowledge sharing.

Design/methodology/approach

A partial least squares structural equation model (PLS-SEM) based on data collection (N = 303) ) was calculated, using “Smart PLS 3” software.

Findings

In respect of the influence of individual motivation types on knowledge sharing, it was found that prosocial motivation provides indirect mediation for external motivation and complementary mediation for introjected motivation, whereas it has no mediation effect on intrinsic and identified motivation.

Research limitations/implications

Future research should consider the use of prosocial motivation as a mediator to reveal indirect effects that, otherwise, are at risk of remaining hidden.

Practical implications

To foster knowledge sharing within organizations, measures should be taken to increase external, introjected and prosocial motivation, as it was found that these types of motivation have a significant positive impact on knowledge sharing.

Originality/value

The current unanswered question – whether or not prosocial motivation acts as a mediator between the motivation types of self-determination theory and knowledge sharing – is examined, thereby providing insights into the hitherto largely unexplored role of prosocial motivation in knowledge-sharing models.
One-size risk-adjusted discount rate does not fit all risky projects
Authors: Tibiletti Luisa
Published: March 2022

Purpose

The paper proposes using modified duration in calculating the proper risk-adjusted discount rate (RADR) to account for downside risk scenarios in capital budgeting.

Design/methodology/approach

The paper shows how to use modified duration to summarize in a single number the bidimensional information about the inflows and terms in which they are charged in the use of the RADR. If a short modified duration characterizes the project, that is, the most relevant inflows are charged in short times, then discounting at RADR has mild effects on net present value (NPV). Else, if a long modified duration characterizes the project, discounting at RADR may have severe effects on NPV. The study proves that RADR's effectiveness increases with the project's modified duration.

Findings

The study builds a bridge between the regular NPV method used in academia and the RADR method used in the managerial context by identifying the proper RADR that leads the same NPV risk-adjustments, whichever method is used by including modified duration into the analysis.

Practical implications

The results show how to select the proper RADR by reducing the subjectivity and increasing financial precision based on modified duration, thus providing an alternative to the norm. Simulations are used to make sensitivity analysis more effective and spotlight the main drivers in the risk-adjustments providing robust results.

Originality/value

This paper fulfils the gap between the RADR method and the expected net present value method by providing simple relations between the characteristic parameters.
The relationship between self-sacrificial leadership and employee creativity: multilevel mediating and moderating role of shared vision
Authors: Xu Zhenting , Li Xianmiao , Sun Xiuming , Cheng Mengting , Xu Jicheng
Published: March 2022

Purpose

Drawing on the social exchange theory, this study examines the impact of self-sacrificial leadership on employee creativity and explores the mediating role of employees' creative process engagement and shared vision, along with the multilevel moderating role of shared vision.

Design/methodology/approach

The data were collected from 78 R&D teams, and hierarchical linear model and bootstrapping analysis outlined by Hayes were used to test the hypotheses.

Findings

Self-sacrificial leadership exerted a significantly positive impact on employee creativity, employees' creative process engagement and shared vision, whereas employees' creative process engagement and shared vision mediated the relationship between self-sacrificial leadership and employee creativity, respectively. Moreover, shared vision significantly moderated the relationship between employees' creative process engagement and employee creativity, such that the higher the shared vision, the stronger the relationship between employees' creative process engagement and employee creativity.

Practical implications

Organizations and managers should provide leadership development training programs, such as leadership skills and abilities, to exhibit their self-sacrificing behaviors. Besides, while team leaders set an example for employees, in turn, spurring employees' creative process engagement, they should also elucidate the team/organization mission, amplify the publicity and employees' understanding of the mission.

Originality/value

This study advances the self-sacrificial leadership and creativity literature by establishing employees' creative process engagement and shared vision as crucial mediators and shared vision as boundary condition in the relationship between employees' creative process engagement and employee creativity, as well as stressing the theoretical research of leadership and creativity.
First results on financial literacy in Oman
Authors: Mirzaei Maryam , Buer Tobias
Published: March 2022

Purpose

This study aims to examine the financial literacy level among the Omani adults and investigate the determinants of financial literacy and its impact on savings and investment behavior.

Design/methodology/approach

The data were collected using a survey instrument adopted from Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) survey for financial literacy and composed of 310 individuals' responses. The authors used a multiple regression analysis to determine the impact of the socio-demographics variables on the financial literacy level.

Findings

The findings are three-fold: first, financial literacy score of Omanis is 10.5 out of 21, which is lower than OECD average. Interestingly, the attitude and behavior scores are in line with the OECD average. However, the knowledge score is drastically lower. Second, financial literacy level is found to be affected by age, gender and the monthly income. Third, individuals with a higher level of financial knowledge are more likely to have monthly savings and investment in stock and bond.

Research limitations/implications

The Gulf countries have started to modernize their economies. Governments that want to design effective economic reforms need to understand the financial skills of their citizens. The study may have implications for policymakers and financial educators in enhancing the financial knowledge programs for individuals.

Originality/value

The analysis reported in this study is unique because it provides the first systematic research on financial literacy in Oman. This paper contributes to the study of financial literacy from the perspective of emerging markets.
Physical, thermal and tensile behaviour of 3D printed kenaf/PLA to suggest its usability for ankle–foot orthosis – a preliminary study
Authors: Shahar Farah Syazwani , Hameed Sultan Mohamed Thariq , Safri Syafiqah Nur Azrie , Jawaid Mohammad , Abu Talib Abd. Rahim , Basri Adi Azriff , Md Shah Ain Umaira
Published: March 2022

Purpose

This paper aims to discuss the physical and thermal properties of the three-dimensional (3D) printing natural composite filament, as well as the tensile behaviour of the printed composites to get an insight of its possibility to be used as an ankle–foot orthosis (AFO) material.

Design/methodology/approach

Physical test that was conducted includes scanning electron microscopy analysis, thermogravimetric/differential scanning calorimetry analysis as well as the effect of fibre load after extrusion on the filament morphology. Tensile test was conducted with different amounts of fibre loads (0, 3, 5 and 7 Wt.%) on the printed specimens.

Findings

There is an increment of strength as the fibre load is increased to 3 Wt.%; however, it decreases significantly as it is increased to 5 and 7 Wt.% because of the presence of voids. It also shows that the extrusion temperature severely affects the structure of the filaments, which will then affect the strength of the printed composites. Based on the results, it is possible to use kenaf/polylactic acid (PLA) filament to print out AFO as long as the filament production and printing process are being controlled properly.

Originality/value

The unique aspect of this paper is the investigation of kenaf/PLA filament as a material for 3D printing, as well as its material consideration for AFO manufacturing. This paper also studies the effect of extrusion temperature on the morphological structure of the filament and its effect on the tensile properties of the printed kenaf/PLA specimen.
VR and AR in construction management research: bibliometric and descriptive analyses
Authors: Seyman Guray Tayibe , Kismet Burcu
Published: March 2022

Purpose

The construction industry is affected by the technologies of Industry 4.0 as the buildings are transforming into complex productions. Integration of innovative technologies, such as virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR), in construction management is an emerging area to increase efficiency and effectiveness. With an aim of determining the current situation, this study evaluates the literature on VR and AR within construction management research.

Design/methodology/approach

The methodology of this research is based on descriptive and bibliometric analyses to understand and state the current relations between VR-AR technologies and construction management research. According to the meta-analysis (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses [PRISMA]) protocol of reviewing, 143 papers between 2010 and 2021 from Scopus, Web of Science (WoS) and Science Direct have been retrieved, and then analysis has been applied on these papers. Descriptive analysis contains increment of publications throughout the years, rates of papers according to countries and content of the publications. The bibliometric analysis involves the analysis through Excel and VOSviewer: co-occurrence of keywords, country-based, source and citation.

Findings

The results of this study emphasize the increasing interest in the adoption of VR-AR technologies in construction management research. As the number of publications has been continuously increased, this trend indicates the strength and growing interest in the topic. Another significant finding is VR-AR implementation studies are mostly based on building information modelling (BIM). In this study, the results of analyses have been discussed in terms of learning, knowledge areas and digital technologies as part of construction management.

Originality/value

This study contributes to providing a significant theoretical reference for the potentials of VR-AR in construction management research. VR-AR technologies mostly attract the interest of researchers from architectural design studies; however, there is a gap to investigate their potentials in terms of construction management. Additionally, this study focuses on the last 11 years, which indicate the latest trends.
National‐scale predictions of plant assemblages via community distribution models: Leveraging published data to guide future surveys
Authors: Butler Liam , Sanderson Roy A.
Published: March 2022

Species distribution models (SDMs) have been widely used to create maps of expected species incidence, often using citizen science (CS) occurrence data as inputs. Environmental policy is informed by knowledge of community distributions, but there have been fewer attempts to utilise the potential of community distribution models (CDMs) to predict these. Many countries have vegetation community classification systems which include phytosociological information on individual species. Within Great Britain, the National Vegetation Classification (NVC) is the primary standard for vegetation communities, and while maps have been produced at regional scales, cost‐effective techniques are required for national scales.

Published NVC occurrence records of 22 upland NVC communities in England and Wales were used as observed occurrences (presence‐only data). Predictors for the CDMs were enhanced vegetation index (EVI), elevation, slope, aspect, temperature and rainfall. Five modelling methods were investigated: generalised linear models (GLMs), support vector machines (SVMs), random forests (RFs), maximum entropy (MaxEnt) and maximum likelihood (MaxLike). Model quality was assessed via bootstrapping via area under the curve (AUC), true skill statistic (TSS) and Kappa index.

There were only small differences in the accuracy of the models (median TSS model accuracy 0.742; range 0.280 to 0.873) with RF models the best overall CDM method. Across all NVC communities, summer and winter maximum temperatures and annual rainfall were the most important predictor variables. NVCs with spatially disjunct distributions in both lowlands and uplands, or that responded to localised management or environmental conditions, were poorly predicted.

Synthesis and applications. Vegetation communities can be reliably predicted at large spatial scales using CDMs from extant datasets. Management practitioners can use community‐level predictions to design targeted field surveys for individual species typically associated with specific communities. Most existing CS survey schemes focus on species rather than communities. Hence future development of new CS schemes similar to the National Plant Monitoring Scheme (NPMS), that aligns with the NVC, will enable CS data to generate up‐to‐date maps of both communities and species.
A methodology for identifying behavioral health advanced practice registered nurses in administrative claims
Authors: Richard Jessica V. , Huskamp Haiden A. , Barnett Michael L. , Busch Alisa B. , Mehrotra Ateev
Published: March 2022

Objective (Study Question)

Advanced practice registered nurses (APRNs) play an increased role in mental illness treatment. Health services research that uses claims to study mental health is often limited because behavioral health nurse practitioners (i.e., APRNs who specialize in mental illness, also known as psychiatric mental health APRNs) cannot be easily identified in claims data. We describe two methodologies to identify behavioral health APRNs in administrative claims.

Data Sources/Study Setting (w/ Hospital/Institution Setting Anonymized)

We use 2010–2018 claims from the traditional Medicare fee‐for‐service program along with 2010–2019 commercial claims and Medicare Advantage data from the OptumLabs Data Warehouse (OLDW). Self‐reported specialty data from the National Plan & Provider Enumeration System (NPPES) were used for validation.

Study Design

For each APRN, we calculated the percentage of visit diagnoses and of prescriptions in each database that were for mental health and classified those with ≥80% as behavioral health APRNs. We validated our definition with NPPES self‐reported specialty for Medicare data.

Data Collection/Extraction Methods

Not applicable.

Principal Findings

Among APRNs with 10+ visits, 10,978 (8.1%) in Medicare and 9829 (11.7%) in commercial claims data met our visit‐based criteria as behavioral health APRNs. Among APRNs with 10+ prescriptions, 8160 (6.2%) in Medicare and 16,538 (9.0%) in commercial claims data met our prescription‐based criteria as behavioral health APRNs. Among the APRNs who self‐reported they were behavioral health APRNs, 92.8% and 90.5% met our visit‐based and prescription‐based criteria, respectively.

Conclusions

We present and validate two methods of identifying behavioral health APRNs in claims that can be used by other researchers.
The Impact of Managerial Discretion in Revenue Recognition: A Reexamination*
Authors: Myers Linda A. , Schmardebeck Roy , Seidel Timothy A. , Stuart Michael D.
Published: March 2022

Although the FASB and IASB conceptual frameworks identify relevance and faithful representation as the fundamental qualitative characteristics of useful information, prior research suggests that revenue recognition accounting standards that restrict managerial discretion resulted in improved faithful representation but reduced relevance. We use the adoption of Accounting Standards Update (ASU) 2009‐13 and ASU 2009‐14 to examine the effects of increased managerial discretion to accelerate revenue recognition in multiple‐deliverable arrangements; that is, transactions where vendors sell multiple products or services that are delivered at different points in time. We find that increased discretion results in an increase in the relevance of reported revenues without reducing faithful representation. We further examine whether managers' strategic motivations influence the transparency of ASU 2009‐13 and ASU 2009‐14 adoption disclosure. Although firms providing opaque adoption disclosure do not exhibit a decline in the faithful representation of revenues following the standards' adoption, these firms are more likely than firms providing transparent adoption disclosure to accelerate revenue recognition opportunistically following adoption when incentives are high. These results provide important evidence for assessing whether standards that allow greater discretion in revenue recognition affect the usefulness of revenues and also provide evidence that strategic motivations to preserve flexibility in managing earnings influence the transparency of adoption disclosure.
Do Firm‐Specific Stock Price Crashes Lead to a Stimulation or Distortion of Market Information Efficiency?*
Authors: Kim Jeong‐Bon , Lee Edward , Zhu Zhenmei (Judy)
Published: March 2022

Unlike prior research that focuses on determinants of firm‐specific stock price crashes (SPCs), we study the consequences of SPCs on market information efficiency. The tension underlying our research question stems from two competing explanations. As an unanticipated shock, an SPC could stimulate (distort) information efficiency by triggering investor rational attention (opinion divergence). Our identification strategy involves a difference‐in‐differences analysis in which SPC firms in the treatment sample are propensity score matched with non‐SPC firms in the industry‐peer control sample, as well as placebo tests for falsification. Consistent with the stimulation effect, we find an increase of the earnings response coefficient and a decrease in post‐earnings announcement drift, from the pre‐ to post‐SPC period, for SPC firms, but not for non‐SPC firms. Further analyses reveal that SPC firms attract increased investor attention, as reflected in greater analyst coverage and more investor access to firms' online financial filings following such an event. Using mutual fund flow redemption pressure based on hypothetical sales as an exogenous shock to SPCs, we provide evidence corroborating our causal interpretation of the main findings. Collectively, the evidence suggests that SPCs can attract increased investor attention, bringing about positive externalities by stimulating market information efficiency.
Beating the Average: Equity Premium Variations, Uncertainty, and Liquidity
Authors: Batten Jonathan A. , Kinateder Harald , Wagner Niklas
Published: March 2022

This paper contributes to the equity premium prediction literature by studying the performance of rarely or not researched predictors. To do so, we analyze the ability of state‐of‐the‐art liquidity and uncertainty predictors to beat the historical average when forecasting the monthly US equity premium. For this purpose, we apply an out‐of‐sample predictive regression approach to analyze statistical accuracy as well as economic gains of equity premium forecasts. Our findings show that the treasury‐eurodollar (TED) spread, as well as the macroeconomic uncertainty measure, is able to beat the historical average and provide robust predictions in various business cycles. Moreover, these two economic predictors also beat forecasts of a classical time series model.
Do more able managers provide better non‐GAAP earnings?
Authors: Kim Robert
Published: March 2022

This paper investigates whether managerial ability is associated with non‐GAAP earnings quality. I find that the quality of non‐GAAP earnings is greater for high‐ability managers than low‐ability managers. I also find that investors consider non‐GAAP earnings released by high‐ability management to be informative. Additional tests show that the positive association between managerial ability and the quality of non‐GAAP earnings is stronger when return volatility or managerial stock ownership is greater. The results are robust to alternative measures of managerial ability and non‐GAAP earnings quality and to controlling for endogeneity bias. Overall, this paper provides evidence that managers of high ability use non‐GAAP reporting as a signalling tool to reduce information asymmetry.
A long‐term cohort study of acitretin for prevention of keratinocyte carcinoma in solid organ transplant recipients
Authors: Allnutt Katherine J , Vogrin Sara , Li Jane , Goh Michelle S , Brennand Sarah , Davenport Rachael , Chong Alvin H
Published: March 2022

Background

Solid organ transplant recipients (SOTR) are at high risk of keratinocyte carcinoma (KC). Long‐term evidence for acitretin as chemoprophylaxis in this population is lacking.

Objective

To determine the benefit of long‐term acitretin for KC chemoprevention in SOTR.

Methods

A retrospective cohort study of SOTR treated with acitretin at an Australian transplant dermatology clinic was performed. General estimating equations were used to evaluate change in rates of histologically confirmed KC in the 6–12 months prior to acitretin and following a minimum 6 months of treatment. A control group of patients within the same service was included, comprising SOTR who were not treated with acitretin.

Results

Twenty‐two patients received acitretin treatment for at least 6 months, eighteen for at least 5 years and four for at least 9 years. The median KC rate pretreatment was 3.31 per year (IQR 1.93, 5.40). There was a significant reduction in the rate of KC in the first year of acitretin treatment (IRR 0.41, 95% CI 0.22, 0.76, P = 0.005), and this effect was observed for 5 years (IRR at 5 years 0.34, 95% CI 0.17, 0.67, P = 0.002). The control group had no statistically significant change in KC rate over time in the study.

Conclusions

Acitretin appears to be well‐tolerated and effective in reducing KC in SOTR for at least 5 years. Study limitations include its retrospective nature, small sample size and lack of blinding.
Assessing local knowledge on the diversity and abundance of bushmeat species and hunting pressure in the fragmented forest islands of southern Benin (Dahomey Gap)
Authors: Djagoun Chabi A. M. S. , Nago Gilles , Azihou Akomian F. , Vodouhê Fifanou , Agli Auriane , Zanvo Stanislas , Djossa Bruno , Assogbadjo Achile , Sinsin Brice , Gaubert Philippe
Published: March 2022

Illegal hunting of wildlife is one of the major issues in tropical ecosystems, especially when it occurs in highly degraded habitats with forest cover fragmentation. In this study, we assessed the impact of bushmeat hunting in a large forest patch (the Lama Natural Forest; LNF) and 11 nearby forest islands, using Traditional Ecological Knowledge from 240 interviewees across 16 villages. Thirty‐five species belonging to nine orders of mammals, birds and reptiles were mentioned by local communities. Rodentia were significantly more observed in the forest islands, whereas medium‐sized mammals belonging to Carnivora, Primates, Artiodactyla, Pholidota and Hyracoida were found predominantly in LNF. Approximately 57% of the species were reported to be rare in the forest islands, whereas c. 77% were listed as abundant in LNF, confirming the role of LNF as a refuge for forest species targeted by the bushmeat trade. Generalised linear models indicated that species sighting frequencies were positively correlated with perimeters of forest patches. We found hunting pressure to be greater in forest islands in the vicinity of LNF than those further away. Our results suggest that long‐term conservation of wildlife in southern Benin may require a ‘mainland‐islands’ approach including both LNF and its surrounding forest islands.
Profiling the types of restaurants that sell wild meat in Central African cities
Authors: Wright Juliet H. , Malekani Divin , Funk Stephan M. , Ntshila Jenny , Mayet Luc , Mwinyihali Robert , Fa Julia E. , Wieland Michelle
Published: March 2022

Central African cities are major centres of demand for wild meat, even when affordable alternative proteins are widely available. Many people eat wild meat in restaurants; therefore, restaurateurs are well placed to provide insights into the wild meat trade and consumer preferences. We surveyed 326 restaurants in Brazzaville and Kinshasa, the adjoining capital cities of the Republic of Congo and Democratic Republic of the Congo, to determine which types of restaurants sell wild meat, how sales of wild meat dishes compared with those containing other proteins, and the importance of wild meat to these businesses. The majority of wild meat‐selling restaurants are informal establishments owned by women. Although most only sell wild meat dishes weekly, we estimate that nearly 10,000 wild meat dishes are consumed daily in restaurants across Brazzaville and Kinshasa. Its wide availability reinforces the social norm around eating wild meat, yet few restaurateurs considered wild meat to be central to the viability of their business. It is important to distinguish between restaurants reliant on wild meat sales and those that offer it to diversify their menus. Forging partnerships with restaurateurs offer untapped potential to develop mutually beneficial allegiances to further wild meat demand reduction efforts.
Secular‐religious self‐improvement
Authors: RANA JASMIJN
Published: March 2022

In the Netherlands young Muslim women have increasingly begun to join women‐only kickboxing gyms. Dutch public discourse has taken notice, treating this phenomenon as a surprising development. The general assumption, in the Netherlands and in western Europe more broadly, is that women's sport is a form of secular, feminist empowerment; Muslim women's participation thus exemplifies the incongruence of Islam with the modern, secular nation‐state. Contesting this view, I show that young Muslim women who kickbox establish agentive selves by playing with gender norms, challenging expectations, and living out their religious subjectivities. Moreover, they disrupt western European parameters of secularity and religiosity. Their cloistered athletic activity is liberating, but not as expected and understood by mainstream public opinion. They approach their sport not as a quest for cultural integration or emancipation from their Muslim communities, but as a way of intertwining religious and secular forms of self‐improvement. [sport,embodiment,gender grouping,secularism,Islam,the Netherlands]
PD‐L1 immunohistochemistry: Clones, cutoffs, and controversies
Authors: Chebib Ivan , Mino‐Kenudson Mari
Published: March 2022

Cancer immunotherapy has become a major component of oncologic treatment for a growing number of malignancies. Of particular interest to pathology has been monoclonal antibody therapy targeting immune checkpoints, notably programmed cell death (PD‐1) and programmed cell death ligand (PD‐L1). Targeting of these checkpoints attempt to overcome tumor evasion of the immune system. While PD‐L1 testing is currently implemented as a predictive biomarker in multiple indications with the PD‐L1 axis blockade, PD‐L1 immunohistochemistry has been a complex issue for the pathology laboratory as it requires an understanding of multiple clones, on multiple testing platforms for multiple different malignancies, each with variable scoring criteria and thresholds. This review attempts to summarize the important PD‐L1 testing algorithms and test performance for the practicing pathologist who actively reviews PD‐L1 immunohistochemistry.
Systematic review with meta‐analysis: risk factors for Barrett's oesophagus in individuals with gastro‐oesophageal reflux symptoms
Authors: Eusebi Leonardo H. , Telese Andrea , Cirota Giovanna G. , Haidry Rehan , Zagari Rocco M. , Bazzoli Franco , Ford Alexander C.
Published: March 2022

Background

Gastro‐oesophageal reflux is considered the main risk factor for Barrett's oesophagus. The role of other potential risk factors for the development of Barrett's oesophagus in patients with gastro‐oesophageal reflux symptoms is controversial.

Aims

To perform a systematic review and meta‐analysis examining risk factors in development of Barrett's oesophagus.

Methods

Medline, Embase and Embase Classic were searched (until December 2020) to identify cross‐sectional studies reporting prevalence of Barrett's oesophagus based on presence of one or more proposed risk factors in individuals with gastro‐oesophageal reflux symptoms. Prevalence of Barrett's oesophagus was compared according to presence or absence of each risk factor in individuals with gastro‐oesophageal reflux symptoms.

Results

Of 7164 citations evaluated, 13 studies reported prevalence of Barrett's oesophagus in 11 856 subjects. Pooled prevalence of histologically confirmed Barrett's oesophagus in individuals with gastro‐oesophageal reflux symptoms in all studies was 7.0% (95% CI 4.8% to 9.6%). Prevalence was higher in subjects with hiatal hernia (OR 2.74; 95% CI 1.58 to 4.75) and in those who drank alcohol (OR 1.51; 95% CI 1.17 to 1.95). Other features including non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs and/or aspirin use (OR 1.19; 95% CI 1.00 to 1.42), smoking (OR 1.14; 95% CI 0.96 to 1.35) or obesity (OR 1.10; 95% CI 0.92 to 1.33) were not significantly associated with Barrett's oesophagus.

Conclusions

The prevalence of Barrett's oesophagus in individuals with gastro‐oesophageal reflux symptoms was higher in those who drank alcohol, although this association was modest. The strongest association found was between hiatal hernia and Barrett's oesophagus. Other potential risk factors assessed in this study did not appear to be associated with presence of Barrett's oesophagus among individuals with gastro‐oesophageal symptoms.