bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Violações à honra no contexto do poder psicopolítico atual
Authors: Pavan João Vitor Coneglian , Trevisam Elisaide , Ramiro Marcus Geandré Nakano
Published: November 2023

A pesquisa tem como objetivo investigar como a psicopolítica tem colocado em risco os direitos da personalidade, particularmente a honra, analisando sua proteção jurídica e formas de violação atual. Parte-se da hipótese de que o poder exercido sobre as massas tem emanado de novos espaços sociais, de modo que as tecnologias de informação e comunicação têm sido primordiais ferramentas para o controle social. Neste contexto, a honra tem sido colocada em risco em sua proteção e efetividade. Logo, pondera-se: Quais as formas preponderantes do poder atualmente? Quais os riscos de violação à honra frente tais manifestações atuais do poder? Para tal, a pesquisa se vale do método hipotético-dedutivo, tendo a pesquisa bibliográfica como procedimento metodológico. O trabalho divide-se em três seções, partindo da compreensão do controle psicopolítico na internet, seguindo pela análise das formas de violação à honra na rede e tecendo um paralelo entre a proteção à honra e a liberdade de expressão. Conclui-se, pois, que a honra está em constante risco de violação, frente à manipulação psicopolítica das mídias digitais sendo necessário a implantação de uma educação midiática cidadã, inclinada para a utilização consciente e racional dos meios sociais digitais, assumindo papel de valor ético na comunidade globalizada.
O direito à saúde e o acesso ao medicamento Palivizumabe na região cone sul de Rondônia
Authors: Biudes Renata Favoni , Goebel Rosalina de Oliveira Reis , Doenha Isabella Beatriz Pêgo , Alves Julia de Souza , Silveira Franciele Fasolo , Gambarra Georgya Maria Tomaz Azevedo , Souza Iago Brilhante , Trevizani Milena de Souza
Published: November 2023

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo demostrar o grau de integralidade do acesso ao medicamento Palivizumabe aos usuários do Sistema único de Saúde na região Cone Sul de Rondônia, bem como, a efetividade do fármaco frente às evidências científicas para o Vírus Sincicial Respiratório (VSR) em crianças que cumprem requisitos delimitados no protocolo. A referida pesquisa justifica-se pelo fato de o tema ser de relevância social, pois a Assistência Farmacêutica (AF)voltada ao acesso a esse medicamento, impacta diretamente a qualidade de vida dos pacientes acometidos pelo VSR. O problema adiante enfrentado diz respeito à indagação: o acesso ao medicamento Palivizumabe é realizado na região do Cone Sul do Estado de Rondônia? É necessário haver deslocamento para o acesso ao medicamento na região do Cone Sul? O estudo aqui reportado envolve a metodologia Qualiquantitativa, exploratória, descritiva, bibliográfica e documental. Considerações Finais: o acesso ao medicamento Palivizumabe é disponibilizado para os pacientes da região do Cone Sul de forma satisfatória, porém, em um único polo de aplicação, reportando assim, dificuldade no acesso, devido à obrigatoriedade de deslocamento de alguns pacientes para que sejam realizadas as aplicações.
Comportamentalismo, cognitivismo ou humanismo? A teoria da aprendizagem significativa e a construção do conhecimento sobre suas fronteiras e possibilidades
Authors: Da Silva Charlene Rose Reis , De Itoz Clarete , Deziderio Shirlei Nabarrete
Published: November 2023

Este estudo compõe o grande universo da Pesquisa em Ensino de Física, que se desdobra do nível superior para a Educação Básica, na busca em compreender o problema da ineficácia escolar. Esta é uma dificuldade da Física, mas não só, de forma que a solução dependerá de esforços conjuntos para a compreensão de suas causas. Partindo do estudo sistemático sobre as teorias de Aprendizagem, diretamente vinculadas a uma das disciplinas do Curso de Mestrado Nacional Profissional em Ensino de Física (MNPEF), é feito uma comparação entre os enfoques teóricos que categorizam as três principais teorias estudadas: o comportamentalismo, o cognitivismo e o humanismo. Os resultados das análises mostram que, por um lado existe o discurso explícito em prol da Teoria da Aprendizagem Significativa para subsidiar o processo de Ensino-Aprendizagem, mas por outro, é a prática humanista que adentra a sala de aula, por meio de apelos inclusivos e sugestões metodológicas, e acabam por transferir o foco do processo escolar para os estudantes. A partir de uma das propostas de Ausubel, em diferenciar progressivamente para, em seguida, reconciliar integrativamente um tema qualquer, conclui-se por uma reflexão crítica capaz de redirecionar o foco do Ensino para os professores.
Signifying the Sound: Criteria for Black Art Movements
Authors: Reed Corey
Published: November 2023

“Black art” is often understood as being inherently political. In examining two major Black arts movements, the Harlem Renaissance and the Black Arts movement, many of the works attributed to those periods fit the description of “political art” but not all of them. Black art movements are not defined exclusively by similar styles or methodologies, like Expressionism or Surrealism, either. Instead, Black art movements are complex movements that blend social, political, and aesthetic criteria. In this article, I list seven conditions that I take to be jointly sufficient for a Black art movement to be signified as such. In this assertion, I also argue that this current era, paralleling the Black Lives Matter movement, is worthy of Black art movement signification, if we update the mediums by which the conditions are met in the Harlem Renaissance and the Black Arts movement.
Toward a Definition of Competency in Art Education
Authors: Schönau Diederik
Published: November 2023

The concept of competency (or competence) entered educational policy by the end of last century. Due to this concept's background in recruitment and because of its generic character, many definitions have been given, but so far no unified, transparent, and consistent definition has come forward. The concept of competency has also reached art education. Due to the “artistic” character of this domain of learning, this concept seems to be a powerful instrument to describe the types of behavior and learning goals that are typical for this domain and for the related ways of thinking, working, and learning. This article gives a critical overview of what is seen as typical for what competency refers to in the domain of (art) education. A new definition of competency is presented that covers both the productive and the receptive domains of learning in visual art education. The constituent elements of this definition are discussed in detail. The analysis is broadened to include aspects of human cognition and behavior that can be considered as typical for visual art education, such as the aesthetic experience and its moral dimension.
DIAGNOSTIC METHODS AND ADVANCEMENTS IN THE DETECTION OF VIRAL INFECTIONS IN ANIMALS
Authors: AZAM MN , KHURSHID T , GILL RJ , AHMAD M , HAIDER MJ , REHMAN A , FATIMA QUA , KHALID A , NAEEM M , ABID H
Published: November 2023

Detecting and diagnosing viral infections in animals play a pivotal role in ensuring the health and well-being of both domesticated and wild species. The study investigates diagnostic methods for detecting viral infections in a diverse animal population (n=300). Employing serological assays, molecular diagnostics, point-of-care testing, and advanced imaging technologies, the research explores sensitivities and specificities of each method. Molecular techniques, particularly PCR and NGS, exhibit consistent high performance, while point-of-care testing and imaging technologies offer practical on-site applications. Demographic considerations enrich the findings, emphasizing the importance of a multidisciplinary approach. This study contributes to refining veterinary diagnostic strategies and advocates for integrating artificial intelligence to address global disparities in diagnostic accessibility.
MENANAMKAN SIKAP KEJUJURAN PADA SISWA
Authors: Isa Abdullah
Published: November 2023

This article discusses the efforts of Islamic Religious Education Teachers to Instill the Value of Honesty in Grade 7 Students of Bina Taruna Middle School Surabaya for the 2022-2023 Academic Year. This article is the result of qualitative research using primary and secondary data sources. Meanwhile, data collection was carried out using observation, interviews and documentation methods. The aim of this research is to find out how Islamic Religious Education Teachers Efforts to Instill the Value of Honesty in Class 7 Students of Bina Taruna Surabaya Middle School for the 2022-2023 Academic Year, to observe and see the efforts of Islamic Religious Education Teachers in instilling the value of honesty in the learning process and its obstacles. Islamic Religious Education Teachers' Efforts to Instill the Value of Honesty in Grade 7 Students of Bina Taruna Surabaya Middle School for the 2022-2023 Academic Year, with the value of honesty in students really helping teachers in delivering material and assignments, therefore students can easily understand instilling the value of honesty. The results of this research can be said to be effective because students are honest and enthusiastic during the learning process so that the assignment collection process is not hampered.
Location of Double or Triple Bonds in Lipids Using Mass Spectrometry, Part I
Authors: Strnad Štěpán , Vrkoslav Vladimír , Cvačka Josef
Published: November 2023

Structural analysis of lipids is one of the classical topics of organic mass spectrometry. In recent years, we have witnessed a rapid development of new methods that allow the characterization of lipid structures more accurately, more rapidly, and in more complex samples. These methods are mostly based on derivatization reactions or newly available fragmentation techniques. Basic mass spectrometric analysis of lipids, i.e., determination of lipid class, acyl chain length, and degree of unsaturation, is usually relatively easy but the detailed structural description is more challenging. In this two-part review article, we present advances in mass spectrometry for characterizing double and triple bonds in lipid acyl chains by LC-MS and direct ionization of liquid samples at atmospheric pressure. The first paper discusses charge-switch derivatizations, ozonolysis, and the Paternò-Büchi reaction.
Review of Deep Learning Models for Predicting Communicable Disease: A Comprehensive Framework
Authors: Journal IJSREM
Published: November 2023

The work aims to provide a comprehensive review of various deep learning models used in predicting communicable diseases. With the increasing prevalence of outbreaks and the availability of large-scale healthcare data, deep learning techniques have gained prominence in disease prediction. This review assesses the strengths, weaknesses, and applications of different deep learning models in this context. The rapid spread of communicable diseases poses significant public health challenges. The task aims to review and evaluate the effectiveness of deep learning models in predicting communicable diseases. We collected and preprocessed relevant data and implemented various deep learning models for prediction. The report provides insights into the performance of these models and offers recommendations for future research in this area.
AN AI SYSTEM FOR FAKE NEWS DETECTION ON SOCIAL MEDIA
Authors: Dharsini Dr. S. Visnu , Yadav Kshitij D , Gautam Yash , Singh Kushagra
Published: November 2023

Recent political events have led to an increase in the popularity and spread of fakenews. As the far-reaching impact of the spread of fake news has shown, people are inconsistent, if not poor, at detecting fake news. Therefore, efforts have been made to automate the process of detecting fake news. Among the most widespread attempts of this kind are “blacklists” of sources and authors who cannot be trusted. While these tools are useful for creating a more comprehensive end-to-end solution, we must consider the more difficult cases where credible sources and authors publish fake news. The aim of this project was therefore to create a tool to use machine learning to detect linguistic patterns that characterize false and real information. The results of this project show that machine learning can be useful in this task. We have developed a model that captures many intuitive clues about true and false news, as well as an application that visualizes the classification decision.
Reporting Online Aggression: A Transnational Comparative Interface Analysis of Sina Weibo and Twitter
Authors: Chen Chen , Wang Xiaobo
Published: November 2023

Purpose: This study investigates Sina Weibo's and Twitter's reporting interfaces from the perspective of transnational, multilingual users whose experiences challenge mononational and monocultural technology designs. Using two cases of online aggression, we analyze how these
interfaces marginalize transnational feminist users. The purpose of this project is to call for social justice-oriented interface design that can better support transnational users on global social media platforms. Method: Drawing from comparative rhetorical studies, critical interface
analysis, and virtue ethics, we develop a social justice-oriented comparative critical framework for interface analysis. We then apply this framework to our experiences reporting aggression on Sina Weibo and Twitter through two case studies. Results: In both cases (one in the forms
of direct attacks or misinformation against women and feminists, due to attacks on feminists in China and another on women's reproductive rights in the US), we find that Weibo and Twitter offer limited options for us to report online aggression toward transnational feminist users. Both platforms
designed their reporting interfaces with the aim of efficiency that reduces complexities of how one might interpret the violation categories on the interfaces. But for transnational users who report such attacks in a cross-cultural context, the cultural or social values imparted from the interface
may not acknowledge the complexity of their experiences. Conclusion: The scanty reporting options on both platforms show the limitations of monocultural and monolingual design of such interfaces as well as the nation-based policies of these platforms.
Effect of Work Motivation and Discipline on Employee Performance
Authors: Prasetyawan Rifky Adjie , Hadian Dedi , Machmud Senen , Manik Ester
Published: November 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly impacted employees by necessitating the adoption of remote work arrangements, resulting in a decline in their performance, effectiveness, and efficiency. The employees of a distributor company in Bandung witnessed a decrease in their performance after the company transitioned to a Work From Office arrangement. The observation of the attendance recapitulation for 2021 reveals that 179 employees were absent due to various reasons such as illness, leave, or unauthorized absence. The aforementioned numerical values undeniably impact the productivity of every individual employed at the distributor organization. Employee discipline is crucial in fostering motivation and enhancing performance in subsequent periods.

The study utilized a quantitative research methodology characterized by a descriptive and verificative design. The study utilized a sample size of 50 participants employed at a distributor company in Bandung. The participants were selected through the implementation of stratified random sampling. The primary data for this study gather via questionnaires administered directly to employees of the distributor company.

According to the study results, all of the statement items demonstrated validity, as indicated by values exceeding 0.30. Additionally, these items deem reliable, as evidenced by values surpassing 0.60. The motivation variable achieved a score of 0.979, the discipline variable attained a score of 0.975, and the employee performance variable obtained a score of 0.983. The t-test results showed that the calculated t-value was 4.218 with a significant level of 0.000 and 3.902 with a significant level of 0.000, exceeding the t-table value of 2.001. The R Square value indicated that 78.9% of employee performance is influenced by motivation and discipline, while the remaining 21.1% represented other unexplored factors. Furthermore, motivation had a total effect of 41.17%, while discipline had a greater influence with a total effect of 37.71%.

The distributor company in Bandung should prioritize motivation by continuously providing incentives that enhance employee performance and implementing discipline regulations agreed upon by the company and employees. It is anticipated that implementing these measures will result in enhanced employee performance within the distributor company located in Bandung.
Mediating Effect of Comfortable and Durability, Feature and Aesthetic and Reliability of Product on Price and Product Purchase Decision
Authors: Juhana Dudung
Published: November 2023

This study aims to examine the mediating influence of product comfort and durability, product features and aesthetics, and product reliability on the relationship between product price and purchasing decisions for children's clothing products in Bandung City. This study employs a survey research methodology, which entails gathering data from a sample of 100 participants actively engaged in consuming children's clothing products.
The findings derived from examining data through exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and path analysis indicate a noteworthy impact of product price on Comfort and durability, Features and Aesthetics, and Product Reliability. Moreover, the research findings suggest a substantial mediating effect of Product Comfort, Durability, and Reliability on the association between product price and purchasing decisions. This finding suggests that the impact of price on consumers' choices to purchase a product can be mainly attributed to its influence on perceived factors such as comfort, durability, and product performance.
Nevertheless, it is worth noting that there is no substantial evidence to suggest that Features and Aesthetics play a significant role in mediating the connection between price and consumers' decisions to purchase a product. This finding suggests that within the domain of children's clothing products, certain features and aesthetic qualities do not necessarily ensure the Comfort, Durability, and Reliability factors play a significant role in shaping consumer purchase choices.
This study offers significant insights for marketers and makers of children's apparel goods in the urban area of Bandung. It highlights the significance of comprehending the interplay between customer perceptions of price, comfort, and durability in shaping purchasing choices. The employed research methodology involves exploratory factor and route analysis, enabling researchers to delve into the intricate connections between variables and the mediating function they play with greater precision. This study additionally establishes a basis for enhanced marketing tactics and a more comprehensive comprehension of customer inclinations within children's apparel merchandise.
Influence of Brand Image and Price on Purchase Decision
Authors: Sintiya Sintiya , Suzanto Boy
Published: November 2023

The motivation for this study stems from the intense competition observed among e-commerce platforms during the consumer's purchasing process. One potential approach to tackle this issue is through the proficient execution of a brand image strategy with the aim of augmenting sales. Brand image activities typically center around establishing pricing strategies and facilitating purchasing decisions, which collectively form an integral component of the marketing mix. The employed research methodology is a quantitative approach incorporating descriptive and verificative methods. The study's sample comprises 100 participants who have engaged in shopping activities on an electronic commerce platform. The results of this study suggest that (1) Brand image exerts a favorable and substantial influence on consumer purchasing decisions, and (2) Price exerts a significant and positive effect on consumer purchasing decisions.
Web-Based Antam Gold Savings and Pawn Calculation Application
Authors: Lindriani Linda , Rinawati Rinawati
Published: November 2023

The demand for a user-friendly website that enables the withdrawal of funds from gold savings accounts at Pegadaian has experienced substantial growth amidst the ongoing epidemic. Due to its inherent value and stability, gold assumes particular significance in times of economic uncertainty, allowing individuals to liquidate their savings when necessary. The old approach entailed the manual input of customer information through Excel, which consequently required face-to-face interactions for payment processing. Nevertheless, a significant shift has transpired through the integration of an internet-based platform, facilitating the provision of personal data by clients and thereby establishing virtual profiles to conduct online transactions. Implementing this transformation has resulted in a more streamlined process, enhancing efficiency and improving accessibility for clients.

The research methodology employed for this project is descriptive, encompassing direct field observations. Furthermore, the system employs the Object-Oriented Analysis and Design (OOAD) methodology to analyze and design the system. The main objective is to develop a system that streamlines the procedures of gold pawning and online savings for consumers. The data input process utilizes the PHP programming language, whereby the data is safely stored within a MySQL database. The integration of these elements guarantees a system that is both secure and efficient, effectively addressing the requirements of both customers and administrators.
Stress and Coping Strategies Among Nursing Students
Authors: Alharbi Kholoud
Published: November 2023

BACKGROUND: Nursing students experience stress as they progress through their programs of study because they must fulfill numerous theoretical and clinical requirements. Stress describes a dynamic relationship between a person and their surroundings. It is a widespread phenomena of contemporary life styles; it has been discovered to have negative health effects and to adversely impair students’ learning, and it is recognized as one of the most significant problems in the contemporary world.

AIM/OBJECTIVE: The goal of the current study was to identify the sources of stress among undergraduate nursing students and to explore their coping methods. 

DESIGN: a qualitative descriptive methodology.

METHOD: 20 semi-structured interviews were conducted individually in the English language by the principal researcher at female nursing college. The initial section of the interview consisted of a document listing the participants’ age and level. Questions derived from theoretical model were used in the interview’s second section to identify the sources of stress among undergraduate nursing students and to explore their coping methods. The qualitative data was analyzed using thematic analysis based on the Braun and Clarke framework.

RESULTS: four global themes were emerged as the following: stressors, stress symptoms, coping strategies, and educational environment. The first 3 themes were derived deductively from the study theoretical model; whereas, the last theme was derived inductively from the data itself.

CONCLUSION: management of the stress becomes critical. Coping strategies have been found to be effective in lowering the stress among nursing students.
Reviewer Acknowledgements for Journal of Agricultural Science, Vol. 15, No. 12
Authors: Brown Anne
Published: November 2023

Reviewer acknowledgements for Journal of Agricultural Science, Vol. 15, No. 12, 2023.
Reviewer Acknowledgements for Journal of Politics and Law, Vol. 16, No. 4
Authors: Tai William
Published: November 2023

Reviewer acknowledgements for Journal of Politics and Law, Vol. 16, No. 4, 2023
Disorders of the Heart and Blood Vessels
Authors: Maleszewski Joseph J. , Burke Allen P. , Veinot John P. , Edwards William D.
Published: November 2023

This new volume on the heart and great vessels has been expanded to become a comprehensive atlas of all cardiovascular disease—both neoplastic and non-neoplastic. In the spirit of prior editions, correlation of expertly curated pathology photographs and photomicrographs with clinical presentation, imaging and molecular genetics remains the cornerstone. The spectrum of cardiovascular disease, both congenital and acquired, is vast; accounting for the relative size of this fascicle. Every attempt has been made to focus on the clinically-relevant features of the diseases helping not only pathologists, but also providing cardiologists, radiologists, and surgeons a reference to understand the pathologic basis of the conditions they diagnose and treat each day. The authors have meticulously provided gross photographs that mirror (where possible) planar imaging techniques that will enable pathologic-radiologic correlation and facilitate a multidisciplinary approach to patient care.
analysis and Assessment of human dignity in the poems of Shad Mohammad Khan
Authors: Zirak Rahimullah
Published: November 2023

The goal of this study is to analyze Shad Mohammad Khan's verses, focusing on his insightful views about human perfection and dignity. It attempts to offer a philosophical analysis of the poet's writings, focusing in particular on ideas related to human love from mystical, theological, and philosophical perspectives. There are several religions, including Islam, that uphold the importance of the idea of human dignity. Shad Mohammad Khan's poetry offers a unique perspective on this specific problem and calls for a careful examination. A small body of academic work has been written about this esteemed poet. The aim of this research is to provide a critical examination of the verses written by Shad Mohammad Khan, with a particular focus on how human dignity and greatness are portrayed. Moreover, the goal of this study is to have a thorough philosophical discussion on the poet's corpus of work, paying special emphasis to how philosophy, religion, and mysticism intersect in his works. By adding to the scholarly knowledge of Shad Mohammad Khan's literary and philosophical significance, the aim is to close the current scholarly gap. The current investigation employs an all-encompassing methodology that integrates library and field research. The present study employs a methodology that entails the application of descriptive and analytical tools to analyse the poet's lines and the implementation of surveys to evaluate their relevance and impact. The poet's original works are considered primary sources, whilst related works, criticism, and interpretations are considered secondary sources.
Analyzing Error Factors in the Media Language of Afghanistan from Universities Lecturers’ Points of View
Authors: Zirak Rahimullah , Wardak Mohammad Shafiq
Published: November 2023

Journalism and media play a pivotal role in reflecting societal issues, necessitating language that is simple and accessible to all segments of society, including the educated, illiterate, and semi-educated. This study aims to investigate the concerns surrounding the language used in the media, with a specific focus on Afghanistan. The objectives of this research are to analyze the error factors present in the media language of Afghanistan, identify areas of improvement, and enhance the quality and effectiveness of media communication in the country. To achieve these objectives, a descriptive methodology approach was employed. A comprehensive literature review was conducted to gather existing knowledge on the topic. Additionally, a survey was administered to Pashto Language Lecturers from different universities in Afghanistan to gather quantitative data. The collected data was analyzed using statistical techniques to determine measures of central tendency. The results of the questionnaire revealed several factors contributing to language errors in the media in Afghanistan. These factors include unprofessional journalists, inadequate translation, employment of inexperienced individuals, use of different Pashto dialects, and insufficient understanding of journalism professions. As a result, these factors have led to low-quality production in the country's media. This research sheds light on the language error factors affecting media communication in Afghanistan. By identifying these factors, this study provides insights into areas of improvement and highlights the need for addressing the challenges faced. The findings of this research can serve as a basis for developing strategies and interventions to enhance the quality and effectiveness of media language in Afghanistan, ultimately fostering better communication and understanding of societal issues.
القطع عند الشيخ محمد جواد مغنية
Authors: سلمان جواد الأنباري حيدر , سعد يوسف القيسي إبتهال
Published: November 2023

يُعد مبحث القطع أحد المباحث المهمة من مباحث الاحكام الشرعية في علم أصول الفقه، والتي يقل البحثُ فيها على صعيد الدراسات الأصولية في وقتنا الحاضر، مع انها من المباحث التي تُبتنى عليها الاحكام الشرعية، إذ إن القطع عند الاصوليين يسري معناه مع معنى الجزم بالشيء، وللقطعِ نوعان أحدهما طريقي: وهو الكاشف الذي يكشف عن الواقع في نظر القاطع، والآخر موضوعي: وهو ما كان دخياً في الحُكم، والفرقُ بينهما هو أن الشيء المقطوع في القطع الطريقي تلحقهُ وتترتب عليه جميع آثاره العقلية والشرعية و العرفية، أما القطع الموضوعي فيُمكن اعتبارهُ موضوعاً أو قيداً في حالٍ دون حالٍ آخر.
السيّد علي نقي الحيدري وكتابه ((الوصيّ)): عرض وتعريف
Authors: عرب البافراني رضا , شهري قاسم , بهجت العطار قيس
Published: November 2023

إنّ العلّامة المجاهد السيّد علي نقي الحيدري من طليعة علماء بغداد وفي الرعيل الأوّل من مفكّري الشيعة والعاملين في مجال الإصلاح العام، والذي بذل قصارى جهده في خدمة الإسلام بالوعظ والإرشاد وتوجيه الناس، وفي هذا المضمار له باع طويل، أمّا جهاده بالقلم فتشهد له مؤلفاته، فقد ألّف الكثير في شتى المجالات، منها ما يخص الإمامة، إذ يبرز من بينها کتاب: "الوصي (عليه السلام) بحث وتحقيق للإمامة على ضوء العقل والنقل". تهدف هذه المقالة بمنهجها الوصفي التحليلي إلى تسليط الضوء على حياة هذا العلامة الكبير وجهوده العلمية وخاصّة في كتابه الوصيّ. فقد استدلّ السيّد علي نقي الحيدري على وجوب نصب وصيّ لكلّ نبيّ بالبراهين العقلية، وقد أثبت بإلماعات يسيرة أنّ الزمان لا يخلو من الوصيّ بعد الرسول الأكرم خاتم النبيين. وبعد ذلك سرد للقارئ من طريق النقل بعضَ ما ورد عن الصادع بالرسالة (ص) ممّا رواه علماء الجمهور من المسلمين من شتّى المذاهب الأربعة، من حفاظ السّنّة ومشاهير المؤلّفين وثقاتهم؛ ليكون ذلك أبلغ في إقامة الحجة وإنارة المحجّة وتدعيم الحقائق بالوثائق، وإذا نظرنا إلى كافّة براهينه وأدلته رأيناها في منتهى الرصانة والمتانة.
أساليب تدوين كتب الفرق الإسلامية في المغرب الإسلامي كتاب الفصل في الملل والأهواء والنحل لأبن حزم الظاهري(ت 456 هـ) أنموذجاً
Authors: عبد الرسول محمد عبير
Published: November 2023

يوجد اختلاف واضح وكبير بين كتب الفرقة الخاصة بالمغاربة وتلك الخاصة المشارقة وبحسب طبيعة الاوضاع السياسية والدينية والبعد الزماني والمكاني عن المراكز الدينية الأم في المشرق، ويرجع ذلك لعوامل عدة منها:

أولاً: الحرية السياسية التي كان يتمتع بها المغاربة أكثر بكثير من المشارقة الذين يقنطون قرب دار الخلافة، الا انه وقع معظمهم في أخطاء كارثية، فلم يستفادوا من الحرية السياسية ومن الانفتاح والترجمة وانما كانوا أقرب للتعصب.

وثانياً: إن أهل المغرب كانوا متلقين من أهل المشرق ومكملين لعلومهم، واستفادوا من تراث المشارقة وأخذوا الأفكار وقاموا بتجزئتها وتحليلها؛ لذا كانت كتبهم أكبر وأوسع من المشارقة، وهذا نتيجة التراكم المعرفي للمشارقة وانتقاله للمغاربة.

وثالثاً: الطبيعة الإقليمية، وقربهم وتبادلهم الثقافي مع الفلسفة والتراث اليوناني فجعلوهم يلوِّنون منهجهم بالأفكار الدخيلة عليهم ولكن من دون تمحيص ومعرفة لما يوافق المنهج الاسلامي؛ فعلى الرغم من أن المغاربة والاندلسيين على وجه الخصوص قد تعرفوا الفلسفة اليونانية وعلم المنطق عن طريق المشارقة وترجماتهم لها ولكن هذا يعد بابا وطريقا من طرق المعرفة، فلا يمكن إغفال ما انتجه فتح بلاد المغرب والاندلس من انتقال العلوم والمعارف المتنوعة فضلا عن هجرة العلماء من مختلف المذاهب الاسلامية وسواء من السادة العلويين الحسنيين وتأسيسهم لدولة الأدارسة في أقصى بلاد المغرب، وكذلك هجرة وانتقال كثير من علماء المذهب المالكي والخوارج، وهو خير دليل على هجرة العلماء وتأسيس المحافل الدينية ونشر العلوم والمعرفة، وما تبع ذلك من الزيجات بين المشارقة والمغاربة واختلاط دمائهم، فضلا عن التجارة ودورهم في نقل الكتب والعلوم، كما ذكره المعاشي الادريسي، سعيد بن عمر في تحفة الحواشي؛ والحسني، الشريف محمد بن علي، في العقود اللؤلؤية في بعض أنساب الأُسر الحسنية الهاشمية، وابن الصديق أبو هشام عبد الله، الأُسر القرشية أعيان مكة المحمية، وغيرهم.

ويمكن تلخيص ما اتصفت به كتب الفرق الإسلامية عموماً في بلاد المغرب الإسلامي، وخصوصا كتاب الفصل في الملل والأهواء والنحل لابن حزم الظاهري بأنها كانت:

1- تأثر ابن حزم بمذهبه الظاهري وانعكاس ذلك في كتابه الفصل.

2- تأثر ابن حزم العلوم بالفكرية، والفلسفية، والمنطقية فتأثر بها تأثراً كبيرا إذْ ترك المذهب الشافعي وأخد ينشر المذهب الظاهري.

3- لم يكن موضوعياً في طرحه، فبعض المباحث أطنب وأسهب بها، كما في الفرق الإسلامية، وبعضها مرَّ عليها مروراً سريعاً كما في مباحث الصفات بخلاف المشارقة فقد اتصف الشهرستاني في ملله بالموضوعية.

4- لم يتصف بالحيادية في سرده للفرق الإسلامية إذْ شنع، وتهجَّم، وكفَّر، وتكلم بكلمات نابية على أصحاب الفرق الإسلامية.

5- أرجع أصول بعض الفرق الإسلامية كالمرجئة، والشيعة، والإسماعيلية، والأشعرية إلى اليهودية، والنصرانية، والصابئية والمجوسية، وبذلك اتصف بالتناقض وعدم المبدئية.

6- اعتمد على العقائد في تبويب مادته أكثر من اعتماده على الفرق، فعند قراءة كتابه يجده القارئ عقدياً أكثر من كونه يتناول الفرق الاسلامية بطرح آرائها وعقائدها وفقا للتسلسل الزمني او الموضوعي.
UTILIZATION OF SOCIAL MEDIA BY DAILY CATTLE FARMERS DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC
Authors: Siti Azizah  , Airilza Qurrotu Ain
Published: November 2023

This study aims to analyzed: (1) the use of the internet and social media by dairy farmers from the Rejeki Barokah livestock group as a source of information during the Covid-19 pandemic, (2) factors that influence the utilization and use of social media by dairy farmers from the Rejeki Barokah cattle’s group as a source of information for farmers during the Covid-19 pandemic, (3) the impact of using the internet and social media by dairy farmers from the Rejeki Barokah livestock group as a source of information in Bringin Village, Wajak District, Malang Regency in January-March 2022. This research was conducted using qualitative methods. Main informants in this study was determined by purposive sampling method as many as 5 resource persons and key informants using snowball sampling as many as 7 sources. The method of collecting data is through in-depth interviews or in-depth interviews. The data analysis in this study used the Miles and Huberman data analysis technique and the validity of the data was determined by the triangulation method. Based on the results of data analysis, data obtained: (1) The use of the internet and social media is the use of Whatsapp, Facebook, Browser, and Youtube. (2) The factor of using social depends on their occupation, culture, personality, level of awareness of information, gender, age, availability of time, access, cost, information overload, and the importance of using social media. (3) The impact arising from the use of social media by members in the form of cognitive, conative, affective and psychomotor effects, the use of social media also has an impact on the knowledge of farmers and from the emergence of these impacts can also have an impact on increasing the scale of the livestock business of members Rejeki Barokah Livestock group
PERILAKU SOSIAL PADA ANAK YANG KECANDUAN BERMAIN GADGET SELAMA MASA PANDEMI COVID 19 DI KARANGANYAR
Authors: Faqih Purnomosidi  , Radhita Alda  , Anniez Rachmawati
Published: November 2023

Gadgets are a form of electronic media that is widely used among the general public, especially children who are still in school. The use of gadgets is very influential on children's social behavior, especially in the way they interact with their social or environment, even though children's gadgets become more emotional and forget time, often neglecting their obligations as students. From that problem, this study aims to determine the social behavior of children who are addicted to playing gadgets during the current pandemic. This study used qualitative research methods. Data collection techniques using observation, structured and in-depth interviews. The research subjects consisted of 10 subjects: 7 children aged 9–13 years, 2 housewives, and 1 mother who worked as a teacher. The results showed that gadgets can affect social behavior in children. The importance of the role of parents during online learning at home is to always be able to provide supervision and knowledge about the use of gadgets that should be useful and not have a negative impact on children.

Keywords: Social Behavior, Gadget
SUBJECTIVE WELL-BEING PADA GURU TK MASYITOH IV LAWEYAN SURAKARTA
Authors: Lina Nikmatul Karimah
Published: November 2023

This study aims to look at the general description of subjective well-being in terms of cognitive and affective aspects, and the contribution of the factors forming subjective well-being to the level of subjective well-being in TK Masyitoh IV Laweyan Surakarta teachers. Subjective well-being is explained as a person's subjective evaluation of his life, including overall satisfaction with life which is characterized by high positive affect and low negative affect (Diener, 1984). The method used in this study was a qualitative method, using semi-structured interviews. The main informants in this study were two teachers of TK Masyitoh IV Laweyan Surakarta, supporting informants in this study were administrators of TK Masyitoh IV Laweyan Surakarta, numbering one person and one student's parents. The results showed that the average subjective well-being of TK Masyitoh IV Laweyan Surakarta teachers was quite high. On average, TK Masyitoh IV Laweyan Surakarta teachers like their life and feel that everything is going well. For further research that is interested in conducting research with the same theme, it is expected to deepen the factors that influence subjective well-being in kindergarten teachers such as gender and age. Respondents who were studied also need to be added with varied backgrounds.

 

 

Keywords: Subjective Well Being, Teachers of Kindergarten Masyitoh IV Surakarta
WELL-BEING PEGAWAI SEBAGAI KUNCI UNTUK MENINGKATKAN REMOTE WORK ENGAGEMENT
Authors: Permatasari Marisa , Amazihono Memorianus
Published: November 2023

The purpose of this study is to analyze the relationship between employee well-being and remote work engagement and to develop a model depicting the relationship between employee well-being and remote work engagement. This study was conducted through a literature review of national and international journal articles published from 1983 to 2023 which were carefully selected, analyzed, and reviewed. The result of the literature review indicates a positive relationship between employee well-being and remote work engagement. Some factors that can improve employee well-being comprise of organizational support, workplace environment and atmosphere, emotional intelligence, and job demands. This study concluded that an employee that able to quickly adapt to workplace environment and condition changes (flexible working arrangement) will increase their well-being and lead to an increase in remote work engagement. The relationship model between employee well-being and remote work engagement developed in this study will serve as the basis for future research to empirically examine the causal relationship between these two variables.
Las políticas públicas desde organismos de ciencia y tecnología
Authors: Alonso Ignacio
Published: November 2023

La vinculación de los organismos de ciencia y tecnología con el desarrollo es un desafío que interpela a estas instituciones en su rol y posición respecto de las políticas públicas, específicamente en el modo en que se relacionan e implementan las contribuciones.

Creemos que, por la temática y la calidad de los textos aquí reunidos, este libro resulta pertinente para pensar la vinculación de estos organismos con las políticas públicas, lo que es otra forma de abordar una cuestión clásica: cómo es la relación entre la generación de conocimientos y las políticas. Con ese fin, convocamos a 34 autoras y autores, que representan una pluralidad de voces de distintas procedencias disciplinarias, geográficas e institucionales de producción de conocimiento, a reflexionar sobre estos temas, proponer enfoques y metodologías, problematizar conceptualizaciones, sistematizar experiencias y analizar casos concretos de políticas.
RNAi mediated silencing of cyclin-dependent kinases of G1 phase slows down the cell-cycle progression and reduces apoptosis
Authors: Sierant Malgorzata , Piotrzkowska Danuta , Nawrot Barbara
Published: November 2023

One of the hypotheses on the origin of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) stems from a close relation between a re-activation of a cell-cycle in post-mitotic neurons and a neural cells death observed in pathologically affected parts of AD brains. In the normal, healthy brain almost all neural cells are terminally differentiated and “locked” in the G0 phase of the cell-cycle. For these cells, the consequence of the re-entry to the cell-cycle is targeting them towards cellular divisions and turning on the apoptotic pathway. We used an RNA interference (RNAi) methodology in neural cells to switch-off genes for two cyclindependent kinases 4 and 6 (cdk4, cdk6), which control the activation of the initial steps of the cell-cycle. As a result, some evidences are delivered that silencing these genes, which are expressed during cell proliferation but inhibited at mature neurons, prevents the stimulation of apoptotic pathways in the neural cells cultured in a oxidative stress conditions and may have a neuroprotective effect. We demonstrate that down-regulation of genes important in the G1 phase of the cell-cycle may play the protective function on the neuronal cells, and can be considered as the promising approach for the potential gene therapy of neurodegenerative diseases.
Linking extracellular electric potential in the brain to neural activity – a review of source localization and component identification methods
Authors: Łęski Szymon
Published: November 2023

Due to technological advances in electrophysiology, there is renewed interest in the analysis of local field potentials recorded at many sites simultaneously. In this paper the main problems related to the analysis of LFP are presented, and recent developments in the data analysis methods are reviewed. The focus of the paper is on reconstruction of current source den sity from extracellular recordings and on decomposition of neural activity into meaningful components.
The influence of mild stressors on neurons containing interleukin-1β in the central (CeA) and medial (MeA) amygdala in the ageing process of rats
Authors: Badowska-Szalewska Ewa , Ludkiewicz Beata , Spodnik Jan , Krawczyk Rafał , Moryś Janusz
Published: November 2023

Proinflammatory cytokine – interleukin 1β (IL-1β) plays an important role in stress reactions in the structures of limbic system. The impact of stress on IL-1β may depend on the ontogenetic age. The study examined the influence of acute and chronic exposure to forced swim (FS) or high-light open-field (HL-OF) stressors on neurons containing IL-1β. Double immunofluorescence staining was used to reveal the density of IL-1β/NeuN (NeuN – a neuronal nuclear marker) – immunoreactive (ir) cells in the amygdaloid central (CeA) and medial (MeA) nuclei, which are closely involved in the regulation of emotional stressors and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPA) activation. Adult (P90; P – postnatal day), middle-aged (P360), and aged (P720) male Wistar Han rats were used in these experiments. We observed an age-dependent increase in the basal density of IL-1β/NeuN-ir cells in CeA and MeA in P90 vs. P360 and P360 vs. P720 rats. Neither acute nor chronic FS caused significant changes in the density of IL-1β-ir neurons in any of the investigated nuclei in P90, P360, and P720 rats as compared with the non-stressed groups. However, chronic but not acute HL-OF caused a marked increase in the density of IL-1β/NeuN-ir cells in the CeA and MeA of P360 rats and in MeA of the P720 animals. Moreover, chronic HL-OF led to an increase in the density of IL-1β-ir neurons in relation to acute HL-OF in the CeA and MeA of both P360 and P720 rats. Our results may indicate the involvement of IL-1β neurons in the development of ageing processes in CeA and MeA. Furthermore, our results point out that chronic HL-OF is an aggravating factor that induces an increase in the density of IL-1β/NeuN-ir cells in the MeA and/or CeA of middle-aged and aged rats. The increase is possibly due to insufficient control of the HPA axis associated with involutional ageing processes and seems to be a common denominator of the ageing process and stress.
Biochemical and cognitive impairments observed in animal models of schizophrenia induced by prenatal stress paradigm or methylazoxymethanol acetate administration
Authors: Ratajczak Piotr , Kus Krzysztof , Murawiecka Patrycja , Słodzińska Iwona , Giermaziak Wojciech , Nowakowska Elżbieta
Published: November 2023

The aim of the study was to find whether spatial memory impairment and disruption in locomotor activity were found in prenatally stressed rats (PSG) or prenatally methylazoxymethanol acetate-treated rats (MAMG). In addition to this, we examined basal plasma corticosterone level as well as brain-derived neurothropic factor (BDNF) in the PSG and MAMG rats. The effect of prenatal stress (stress paradigm between 14 and 21 day of gestation) and methylazoxymethanol acetate (MAM) administration (17 day of gestation) to the female Wistar rats were studied on the male offspring in the Morris Water Maze (spatial memory) and locomotor activity test. Through Morris Water Maze rats were injected with saline 4 times (on 1, 7, 14 and 21 day of testing) while in locomotor activity test saline was injected only once. Corticosterone level was measured using ELISA Kit while BDNF levels were assessed using ELISA Chemikine TM BDNF kit. Results indicate that both PSG and MAMG rats deteriorate spatial memory as well as increase locomotor activity compared to the control group. Biochemical studies indicate that basal plasma corticosterone level increased in both PSG and MAMG rats compared to the control group. Analyses of the BDNF level, on the other hand, have shown decrease of the neurothropin level in both hippocampus and prefrontal cortex (PFC) in both PSG and MAMG groups of rats. As shown by the obtained results, both the prenatal stress model and prenatal MAM administration model generate a number of behavioural (e.g. spatial memory disorders, increased locomotor activity) and biochemical (e.g. increased corticosterone and decreased BDNF levels) changes in the examined offspring, Thus, these models can be successfully used in the efficacy analysis of the pharmacotherapy applied.