bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Histopathological patterns of abnormal uterine bleeding in endometrial biopsies: a retrospective study in Najran Region, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Elrasheed Fath , Alshahrani Majed , Beshr Ali , AlMargan Albatoul , Jali Faten , Balhareth AlHanouf , Al-Omar Rawan , Buoways Bilqis , Aldoshan Atheer , Alyami Aljawharh , Hadi Enas , Hadi Asaiel , Alkhaywani Fatimah
Published: December 2023

Objective:
This retrospective study aimed to elucidate the histopathological patterns of endometrial biopsies in women presented with abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) across various age groups in Najran, Saudi Arabia.
Methods:
A total of 365 subjects, spanning perimenarchal to perimenopausal stages, were included in the study, conducted at the Maternity and Children Hospital in Najran, Saudi Arabia. The study period extended from October, 2020 to September, 2022. Histopathological patterns were analyzed in relation to age, parity, bleeding patterns, cause, and management of AUB.
Results:
The predominant age group was 40-50 years (40.5%), with proliferative endometrium being the most prevalent histopathological pattern. Menorrhagia was the most common bleeding pattern (34.0%), and functional causes accounted for 46.0% AUB cases. Surgical treatment was the primary management approach (50.7%). Multinomial logistic regression highlighted the unique contributions of age, parity, bleeding patterns, cause, and management of AUB to endometrial histopathology (p < 0.001).
Conclusion:
The current study findings provided a comprehensive understanding of the complex interplay between demographic and clinical factors in shaping endometrial histopathology in women with AUB in Najran, Saudi Arabia. Tailoring diagnostic and management strategies based on these factors can enhance personalized care for this diverse patient population.
Uses of nerve block in shoulder dislocation in emergency department - a systematic review
Authors: Khurmi Ahmed , Alharthi Tareg , Reefi Ahmed , Mughal Najwan , Bakhashab Deema , Alekri Maram , Alshahrani Omar , Alshahrani Faisal , Alharthi Abdulrahman , Alanazi Saad
Published: December 2023

Background: Nerve block is a potentially helpful localized analgesic technique for reducing shoulder dislocation and humorous fractures in the emergency room. Examining the usefulness of NB pain reduction, adverse events, patient satisfaction, and LOS in the ED is the objective of this systematic review.
Method: We conducted an electronic search of EMBASE, MEDLINE, and the Cochrane Library in addition to a manual search of the references, included articles were RCTs published between 2002 to 2022 comparing PSA with NBs for orthopedic reductions in the ED. Interest grabbing outcomes were pain ratings, adverse events, LOS in the ED, and patient satisfaction.
Results: Six studies were included in the final analysis. Consequently, 256 patients from 6 RCTs were included; 127 of them underwent PSA and 129 NB. When comparing the PSA group to the NB group, the PSA group reported adverse events more frequently. The NB group only experienced a transient systemic toxicity that resolved on its own without the need for further treatment or intervention. Hypoventilation with decreased saturation of oxygen was the most frequent adverse event seen in the patient underwent PSA. Regarding LOS all studies showed shorter LOS in patients underwent NB.
Conclusion: We found no appreciable difference in pain ratings for ED fracture or dislocation reductions between PSAs and NBs in this thorough investigation. NBs appear to be associated with a shorter duration of stay and fewer unfavorable events in the ED.
Risk Factors and Management of Acute Pancreatitis; A Systematic Review
Authors: Khan Naveed , Alnowaisser Lajeen , Alomari Abdulrahman , Asiri Ahmed , Alharbi Norah , Bayazeed Khulood , Jadaan Norah , Alalyani Raed , Alanazi Saif , Algheryafi Samar
Published: December 2023

Pancreatitis, characterized by pancreatic inflammation, commonly stems from triggers such as gallstones and excessive alcohol consumption. Gene-environment interactions intricately contribute to disease onset and progression, challenging the traditional classification of acute, recurring, and chronic pancreatitis as distinct entities. Instead, a disease continuum has emerged, where 30% of acute pancreatitis cases progress into a chronic form, often involving episodes of recurrence. This systematic study aims to explore the Risk Factors and Management of Acute Pancreatitis. Data from PubMed/Medline, Scopus databases, and Embase were analyzed following PRISMA guidelines (2010–2023). Among 329 identified studies, 15 met inclusion criteria, primarily employing surveys and national database analyses. Enhanced comprehension of risk factors, diagnosis, and treatment is crucial for refining future evaluation and management strategies. Pancreatitis exhibits multifaceted characteristics, presenting diverse causes, symptoms, and outcomes. Current understanding of its natural history and treatment remains limited. Long-term follow-up and randomized studies are imperative to unravel gene-environment interactions and formulate innovative therapeutic approaches. The increased incidence has facilitated progress in defining pancreatitis, with identified risk factors including biliary issues, anatomical abnormalities, systemic diseases, medications, trauma, genetics, infections, and metabolic factors. Notably, the proportion of idiopathic cases has decreased due to improved recognition of genetic and anatomical variants. Effective acute pancreatitis management necessitates early and aggressive fluid and nutritional therapy, pain control, and addressing precipitating factors.
The Factors Influencing High School Student’s Mental Health: An Exploratory Research in Hanoi
Authors: Huong Tran Thi Mai , Mai Vu Thi Thanh , Thao Nguyen Thi Thu , Vui Le Thi , Nam Pham Tien , Phuong Bui Thi , Thuy Linh Luu Nguyen
Published: December 2023

An exploratory research is conducted to examine the current situation and factors related to the mental health of students. A cross-sectional study was carried out on 295 students at a high school in Hanoi in 2023. This research, which employed the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire 25 items toolkit with a cut-off point of 15, revealed that a significant percentage of students have general mental health problems. Emotional symptoms account for the largest percentage of students, followed by prosocial behaviour, peer problems, conduct problems, and hyperactivity. The likelihood of mental health issues among students is increased by certain personal variables, such as low self-esteem or disappointment about grades, concern or depreciation about physical appearances, refraining from participating in clubs, teams, or groups, not exercising or playing sports, and having the habit of staying up late. A few school-related factors that are associated with children's mental health problems include peer pressure, public punishments, and teachers’ reprimands.
Technical Evaluation and Financial Analysis of a Retrofitting Investment Project for Production Machinery in a Cement Plant
Authors: Taufik  , Putri Nilda Tri , Kevin Muhammad
Published: December 2023

In today's rapidly evolving industrial landscape, businesses are increasingly challenged to strike a balance between enhancing productivity and maintaining product quality. Company X, a renowned cement manufacturer in Indonesia, relies heavily on four key raw materials, among which clay is particularly crucial for the raw mix. Recent trends have shown a decrease in the Al2O3 composition of clay, necessitating adjustments in clay capacity to uphold quality standards. A thorough technical evaluation of the plant highlighted that a significant number of critical machines, totaling 17, were operating with mechanical availability below the desired threshold. Additionally, a utility analysis pinpointed a shortfall in meeting the required clay tonnage, leading to the identification of machines that would benefit from retrofitting. The financial implications of this initiative were substantial, with the initial investment for the upgrades and subsequent operational costs in the first year being considerable. Yet, this expenditure was offset by a notable profit in the first year post-retrofitting. Key financial metrics further underscored the project's viability: a highly favorable Net Present Value (NPV), an impressive Internal Rate of Return (IRR), a rapid Payback Period (PP), and a significant Profitability Index (PI). These parameters, derived from an exhaustive analysis, clearly support the strategic decision to invest in retrofitting the production machinery at Company X's cement plant, illustrating the project's feasibility and the prospective benefits of this investment.
The linguistic and cultural aspect of color in the Kalmyk and Korean languages
Authors: Mukabenova Zhanna Alekseevna , Kharchevnikova Roza Pyurvenovna , Monraev Mikhail Ubushaevich , Suseeva Danara Aksenovna , Bitkeev Petr Tsedenovich
Published: December 2023

This article discusses the semantics and symbolism of primary colors in Kalmyk and Korean traditional cultures. The subject of our research is the content of the basic concepts of color terms in the linguistic picture of the world of Kalmyks and Koreans. Linguistic and cultural analysis of color terms in the languages under consideration allows us to determine the universal and specific features of the linguistic picture of the world, which represent the historical, cultural, social experience of two peoples, accumulated as a result of their development. The research material is proverbs and stable expressions of the Kalmyk and Korean languages. The study of basic colors in these languages is based on the theory of Yin-Yang and the Five Elements, which symbolize opposites that are closely related to each other. A comparative analysis of Korean and Kalmyk material identified and revealed valuable information related to the mentality, traditions and customs of these peoples, and showed the important role of color in the linguistic picture of the world of the two peoples. Color affects the social, religious, moral, emotional and interpersonal relationships of people. Despite the fact that each nation has its own way of seeing the world in its own way, analyzing various phenomena of the surrounding reality, the analysis of the material made it possible to establish that the worldview of the two peoples in terms of spiritual and moral values indicates their related cultural ties. The author examines in detail the power of the influence of color on the worldview of different peoples through the language of folklore, which will bring a fresh perspective to this area. The following methods were used in the study: comparative, comparative-typological, structural-semantic, comparative-historical, etymological and the method of complex conceptual-semantic analysis.
Aspects of creating a corporate question-and-answer system using generative pre-trained language models
Authors: Golikov Aleksei , Akimov Dmitrii , Romanovskii Maksim , Trashchenkov Sergei
Published: December 2023

The article describes various ways to use generative pre-trained language models to build a corporate question-and-answer system. A significant limitation of the current generative pre-trained language models is the limit on the number of input tokens, which does not allow them to work "out of the box" with a large number of documents or with a large document. To overcome this limitation, the paper considers the indexing of documents with subsequent search query and response generation based on two of the most popular open source solutions at the moment – the Haystack and LlamaIndex frameworks. It has been shown that using the open source Haystack framework with the best settings allows you to get more accurate answers when building a corporate question-and-answer system compared to the open source LlamaIndex framework, however, requires the use of an average of several more tokens.    The article used a comparative analysis to evaluate the effectiveness of using generative pre-trained language models in corporate question-and-answer systems using the Haystack and Llamaindex frameworks. The evaluation of the obtained results was carried out using the EM (exact match) metric. The main conclusions of the conducted research on the creation of question-answer systems using generative pre-trained language models are: 1. Using hierarchical indexing is currently extremely expensive in terms of the number of tokens used (about 160,000 tokens for hierarchical indexing versus 30,000 tokens on average for sequential indexing), since the response is generated by sequentially processing parent and child nodes. 2. Processing information using the Haystack framework with the best settings allows you to get somewhat more accurate answers than using the LlamaIndex framework (0.7 vs. 0.67 with the best settings). 3. Using the Haystack framework is more invariant with respect to the accuracy of responses in terms of the number of tokens in the chunk. 4. On average, using the Haystack framework is more expensive in terms of the number of tokens (about 4 times) than the LlamaIndex framework. 5. The "create and refine" and "tree summarize" response generation modes for the LlamaIndex framework are approximately the same in terms of the accuracy of the responses received, however, more tokens are required for the "tree summarize" mode.
The “War of Resistance against Japan”: Shaping the Image of the Aggressor by the Chinese Communist Party
Authors: Kulneva Р. V.
Published: December 2023

The Sino-Japanese War of 1937–1945, known in China as the “War of Resistance against Japan”, remains an integral part of the official rhetoric of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP). Considering the key role of the War of Resistance in understanding the perception of Japan by China today, this article studies the formation of Japan’s image by the CCP during and after the war. The research is based on official publications of the CCP, statements of party leaders, and works by Russian and foreign researchers. The first part deals with the perception of Japan by the communists during the war. Particular attention here is paid to the importance of the context of the Chinese Civil War and the global revolutionary and class struggle in shaping of the image of the aggressor. The second part traces the evolution of Japan’s image following the changes in political priorities of the CCP after the war and the increasing prominence of the “victimization narrative” in China in recent decades. The third part illustrates the connection of historical memory to the current problems of Sino-Japanese relations and reveals the role of Japan’s image in contemporary political rhetoric of the CCP. The analysis clearly demonstrates the influence of political and ideological factors on the formation of the image of the aggressor. At the same time, it is obvious that the complexity of Japan's perception intrinsic to the war period in China remains up to the present day.
Brotherly Support: Economic Aid to Vietnam during the American War (1954–1975)
Authors: Luong Thi Hong
Published: December 2023

During the wars to gain independence, the Democratic Republic of Vietnam (DRV) had a wide range of support from socialist countries. Due to the global conflict of the Cold War, the assistance from the socialist bloc not only came from the special relationship between Vietnam and this camp but also reflected complex international relations. This paper draws on documents tapped from collections of the Prime Minister's Office which contains important memorandums exchanged between the Prime Minister's office, the Vice Prime Minister, and the Foreign Trade Ministry. Based on these documents and Vietnam’s position at the centre of the confrontation between the East and the West, this article shows the tremendous economic aid that was received for the national salvation of the Vietnamese people from the Soviet Union and China during the anti-American resistance war. The article also reveals cracks within the communist camp, even though these socialist countries were seen as a solidary bloc and had a shared ideology. In the context of the Cold War with the East-West confrontation, and the fractured relations between countries in the communist bloc, the DRV always received support from both the Soviet Union and China. Perhaps it was rare for two rival countries to jointly provide aid to a third country, like the relationship between Vietnam-China-the Soviet Union during this period.
China-US Strategic Competition in the Lower Mekong Region and Vietnam’s Position
Authors: Tran Ngoc Dung
Published: December 2023

Recently, both China and the United States of America (US) have started focusing more on settling influence in the Lower Mekong region in the general context of global China-US competition. Although they have different connecting approaches, both superpowers focus on establishing and maintaining their influence in the strategic geo-political area in Southeast Asia and Asia. Their activities in the Lower Mekong region are more noticeable since the 2010s when Xi Jinping came to power in China and the US conducted the “Pivot to Asia” and “Free and Open Indo-Pacific” policies. Their competition therefore raises difficult tasks for Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar, Thailand and Vietnam (CLMTV) to keep neutrality, and protect their national sovereignty and the regional sustainable development. As the China-US competition in the Lower Mekong region is remarkable and profoundly influential to the development of regional countries, both academic scholars and policy makers pay attention to this subject. This paper focuses on evaluating the recent competition between China and the US in CLMTV and Vietnam’s adaptations to maintain its sovereignty, security and neutrality in the great-power competition, especially since Vietnam established a Comprehensive Strategic Partnership with both China (2008) and the US (2023).
About the First Koguryo Capital
Authors: Stoyakin М. A.
Published: December 2023

The article presents the formation problem of the early Koguryo state’s capital in the early medieval time. This subject has not been a particularly hot issue in Russian historiography. The main Korean and Chinese written and epigraphic sources were considered to resolve this background about the early capital. It categorically said, that in the 1st century BC, Koguryo developed as an established real state with an obligatory element as the capital. At the same time, information about the localization and structure of the early capital is uninformative and convoluted. Therefore, written sources were supplemented by archaeological data on the Wunu mountain city located in the Liaoning province, since in historiography, this site is correlated with the location of the first Koguryo capital. According to its characteristics, it represents a sparsely populated fortified settlement located in a hard-to-reach mountain valley on top of a high mountain. Different locations of the surrounding area are considered as the location of the valley settlement (including Xiàgǔchéngzi plain city). Several early Koguryo cemeteries were located in the neighbourhood. The Koguryo state system was finally organized only after several centuries, thus, the location indicated in written resources as the early capital, should be attributed as the leaders' military centre of the early Koguryo population group.
The Written Sources of the Goryeo Period about Incense and Buddhist Olfactory Practices on the Korean Peninsula
Authors: Shmakova A. S. , Voytishek Е. E.
Published: December 2023

Having originated in ancient China during the Neolithic era, the tradition of using aromatic substances spread to other countries of the Sino-hieroglyphic area. On the Korean Peninsula, under the influence of internal features based on the Chinese version of aromatic culture and the Buddhist religious component, even a special type of maehyang ritual rite was formed, which consisted of burying a piece of wood in the ground in the presence of representatives of the Buddhist community on some important occasion. In this case, it was necessary to record in writing form the fact of burial on a stele, which was installed in memorial of such an event at the burial site of the wood, or on a stone located near the site of the ritual. A whole range of Korean written sources contains information about the use of incense for ritual and medical purposes. To identify the specific features of olfactory practices in the early Korean Middle Ages, this article will analyze “Historical Records of the Three States” (三國史記 Samguk sagi, 1145); “Lives of Eminent Korean Monks” (海東高僧傳 Haedong Goseunjeon, early 13th century) and “The remaining information [about] the three states” (三國遺事 Samguk yusa, late 13th century). An analysis of written sources, the use of folklore and mythological materials make it possible to reveal characteristics of olfactory practices in the context of the development of Buddhism on the territory of the Korean Peninsula. All these sources demonstrate many facts related to the use of incense at the court of the Korean king, in monasteries and temples for ritual and hygienic purposes. Analysis of sources not only allows us to trace the history of the spread of Buddhism across the Korean Peninsula and identify the peculiarities of interaction between cultures of the East Asian region in the chronological period under consideration (1–10th centuries), but also provides rich material about the flora of Korea, Korean ideas about plants and herbs, and as well as methods of their use.
The Evolution of Views of the Japanese Leadership on the Military Threat from Russia in 1895–1916
Authors: Zorikhin A. G.
Published: December 2023

The article examines the views of the top leadership of Japan on the degree of military threat to Russia in 1895-1916. The author concludes about the decisive influence of the fears of the Japanese Empire government about a military clash with Russia on the process of developing and implementing the foreign policy of this island state in this period. The main reasons for this were the presence of mutual territorial claims to neighbouring Manchuria and Korea in 1895–1903, the growth of the grouping of troops of the Tsarist army beyond Lake Baikal in response to the aggravation of relations with Japan from 1896 which lasted until 1914, the influence of Russian–British and Japanese- American contradictions. Therefore, since 1902, the Japanese government has been laying the basis for the defense strategy and foreign policy of the assumption of an inevitable military conflict with Russia, where Tokyo was either a victim of aggression or forced to deliver a preemptive strike on the side. In accordance with their ideas about the aggressive nature of Russian foreign policy, in 1895–1903 and in 1907–1914, the military and political leadership of the empire adopted and implemented programs for the development of the Armed Forces aimed at achieving military parity with Russia in the Far East. Nevertheless, after the Russian-Japanese war, the Imperial Navy began to increasingly declare the need to consider not only Russia, but also America as the main enemy. The final settlement of all disputed issues between St. Petersburg and Tokyo occurred only after the signing of secret agreements on the division of spheres of influence on the continent in 1907–1912, and the transfer of Tsarist troops from the Far East to the West in 1914–1915 and Russia's support of Japanese claims to German colonies in China at the beginning of the First World War led to the formation of the Russian-Japanese military bloc in 1916.
Animal Style in Petroglyphs of the Upper Indus Valley (Ladakh, Gilgit-Baltistan)
Authors: Denisenko V. L.
Published: December 2023

The purpose of the article is to conduct a historiographical analysis of the main approaches to the problem of distribution of petroglyphs made in the animal style on the territory of the Upper Indus valley, as well as their cultural and chronological attribution. For the Early Iron Age of the Upper Indus valley, rock carvings are the main archaeological source, since there are very few studied archaeological sites belonging to this period; mostly stray finds are known. It is the animal-style petroglyphs that are an effective tool for detecting migrations. However, the issues related to the establishment of the cultural identity of the images, their dating and the ways of penetration of Central Asian peoples into the Upper Indus Valley are still unresolved. The main conceptual propositions put forward by K. Jettmar, H. Hauptman, A.-P. Frankfort, as well as their followers – L. Bruno, M. Vernier, J. V. Belezza are considered. On the basis of the published materials, sites are distinguished, on which there are images made in the animal style, their geographical location and the main motives of rock carvings are indicated. The result of the study was the assumption that the appearance of animal-style art in the Upper Indus valley is associated with a series of migration waves, both from the west and northeast (Iran, Pamir, Xinjiang) and from the east (Northern China). In the process of the penetration of a new style of rock art, local peculiarities were manifested in each area.
FACTOR HPF1 REGULATES THE ACTIVITY OF POLY(ADP-RIBOSE)POLYMERASES 1 AND 2 AND THE FORMATION OF POLY(ADP-RIBOSE)-CONTAINING COMPARTMENTS WITH THE PARTICIPATION OF THE RNA-BINDING PROTEIN FUS
Authors:   Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Singatulina A.S. , Sukhanova M.V. , Lavrik O.I.
Published: December 2023

Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases 1 and 2 (PARP1/2) synthesize poly(ADP-ribose) (PAR) by covalently modifying a number of proteins involved in DNA/RNA metabolism, including themselves. PARP1/2 are key regulators of DNA repair via autopoly(ADP-ribosyl)ation at the site of DNA damage. The study of factors that modulate PARP1/2 activity in response to genotoxic stress is an important task in modern biology.
PROSPECTS FOR THE APPLYING OF CELL-FREE DNA AND DEOXYRIBONUCLEASES FOR THE DIAGNOSIS AND THERAPY OF ONCOLOGICAL DISEASES
Authors:   Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Alekseeva A.A.
Published: December 2023

To investigate tumor progression, the characteristics of circulating tumor-associated cel-free DNA (cfDNA) and cfDNA in neutrophil traps (NETs) is examined. Such cfDNA may have pathological effects, leading to increased oncogenesis and metastasis. For cfDNA clearance, deoxyribonucleases (DNases) are used, which have great potential as antitumor agents.
EXPLORING TCR-LIKE CAR-ENGINEERED LYMPHOCYTE CYTOTOXICITY AGAINST MAGE-A4 IN VITRO
Authors:   Research Institute of Fundamental and Clinical Immunology, Novosibirsk, Alsalloum A. , Shevchenko Yu. , Fisher M. , Philippova Yu. , Perik-Zavodskii R. , Perik-Zavosdkaia O. , Alrhmoun S. , Lopatnikova Yu. , Kurilin V. , Volynets M. , Akahori Y. , Shiku H. , Silkov A. , Sennikov S. ,   Novosibirsk State University,   Department of Personalized Cancer Immunotherapy, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
Published: December 2023

The development of T-lymphocytes with a TCR-like CAR receptor, recognizing antigens associated with tumors in conjunction with MHC, opens up a wide range of potential antigen targets in various cellular localizations, particularly in solid tumors with ideal intracellular antigens. In our study, we investigated the cytotoxicity and functional characteristics of in vitro generated T-lymphocytes with a TCR-like CAR receptor specific to MAGE-A4.
NEW PHOSPHORAMIDE AZOLE OLIGONUCLEOTIDES (FAO) FOR PCR DIAGNOSTICS
Authors:   Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Baranovskaya E.E. , Chubarov A.S. , Lomzov A.A. , Vasilyeva S.V.
Published: December 2023

The possibility of matrix-assisted enzymatic elongation of new modified phosphoramide azole oligonucleotides (FAO) by Taq DNA polymerase was investigated first time. The patterns of modification positioning in the primer and matrix composition on the primer elongation efficiency were revealed. On the example of allele-specific PCR in the detection of point mutations in the KRAS gene, an increase in specificity while maintaining high PCR efficiency was shown.
DESIGN AND SYNTHESIS OF MODIFIED RNAS
Authors:   Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Bakhno I.A. ,   Novosibirsk State University
Published: December 2023

RNA is a universal tool, it is involved in many cellular processes. Understanding the mechanisms of these processes is necessary not only to understand the fundamental principles of the structure of a living cell, but also to create drugs. In this regard, tools are required to create modified RNA analogs to study these processes.
ALTERATION OF BIOCHEMICAL PARAMETERS OF LYSOSOMAL ACTIVITY UPON INHIBITION OF LRRK2 KINASE ACTIVITY IN CELL LINES FROM PATIENTS WITH PARKINSON’S DISEASE ASSOCIATED WITH MUTATIONS IN THE GBA1 GENE
Authors:   Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute named after B.P. Konstantinov of National Research Centre “Kurchatov Institute”, Gatchina, Basharova K.S. , Bezrukova A.I. , Grigor’eva E.V. , Baydakova G.V. , Pavlova S.V. , Miliukhina I.V. , Medvedev S.P. , Zakharova E.Yu. , Pchelina S.N. , Usenko T.S. ,   Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University,   Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS, Novosibirsk,   Research Centre for Medical Genetics, Moscow,   Institute of Human Brain RAS, Saint Petersburg
Published: December 2023

The prospect of using LRRK2 inhibitors as treatment strategy for Parkinson’s disease (PD) associated with mutations in the gene GBA1 (GBA-PD), encoding the lysosomal enzyme glucocerebrosidase (GCase) is currently being discussed. We assessed the effectiveness of the LRRK2 kinase activity inhibitor MLi-2 in restoring GCase functions and the effect on the activity of other lysosomal enzymes in cell lines of patients with GBA-PD, LRRK2-PD.
STUDY OF MECHANICAL ALLODYNIA, PHOTOPHOBIA AND ANXIETY IN RATS WITH PRENATAL HYPERHOMOCYSTEINEMIA IN CHRONIC MIGRAINE CAUSED BY THE ADMINISTRATION OF NITROGLYCERIN
Authors:   Kazan Federal University, Bogatova K.S. , Yakovleva O.V.
Published: December 2023

In this study, we analyzed the relationship of hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) with the development of migraine in male Wistar rats. Migraine modeling was carried out by repeated intraperitoneal administration of nitroglycerin. In rats with HHcy, a decrease in the threshold of mechanical sensitivity was revealed in the Von Frey test, and the development of anxiety and photophobia was also observed in the light-dark box test.
Lexico-Semantic Groups of Verbs in “The Dictionary of Turkic Languages” by Mahmud Kashgari
Authors:   Bukhara State University, Tuylieva L.A.
Published: December 2023

This scientific article is devoted to the study of lexicosemantic groups of verbs collected in the book of lexicographer and philologist Mahmud Kashgari “Divan lugat at-Turki”. In particular, lexico-grammatical groups of verbs of movement, speaking, action, state, thinking and quality, image and onomatopoeia are analyzed. The semantic features of the verbs of the “Dictionary” correlate with the verbs of the modern Uzbek language.
Korean Students’ Frequent Errors in Studying Russian Language
Authors:   Sunmoon University, Yoo Hak Soo
Published: December 2023

The article is aimed at describing the phonetic, intonation, spelling, lexico-semantic and grammatical errors of Korean students that occur in the process of learning Russian. For the study, the comparison of Russian as the language being studied and the native speaker’s language was conducted. Russian speakers, for example, tend to ignore the correct pronunciation of certain vowels and consonants in the Russian language, which do not exist in the Korean language, and underestimate the role of stress as one of the most important factors of the Russian phonetic system. The present study compares the differences in pronunciation features between Russian and Korean, which affect the frequent errors among Korean students. In the case of teaching Russian outside the language environment, it’s more difficult to correct lexicosemantic and syntactic errors of students than phonetic and morphological errors because of the filter of the native language. If a student is exposed to the Russian language dominant environment, pronunciation and intonation mistakes are corrected naturally in the process of comprehensive communication with native speakers. Thus, the study attempts to describe the difficulties of learning Russian as a foreign language to a Korean student audience. A comparison of phonetics, vocabulary, and grammar of Russian and Korean languages is given in examples. Recommendations of theoretical and practical significance for learning Russian will be discussed
The Role of the Classical Chinese Language in Teaching Chinese as a Foreign Language
Authors:   Novosibirsk State University, Yao Song
Published: December 2023

The practical task of a Chinese language teacher is to teach students to communicate on everyday and social topics, to read youth magazines and political publications (naturally, with the help of a dictionary), to teach the ethics of computer correspondence in order to enable Russian-speaking students to find friends to communicate among Chinese youth. With the correct assimilation of the classical language, after 1-2 years of classes, students will be able to read and translate texts from magazines and newspapers, using a conversational dictionary at a minimum.
A Local Tribal Conflict in the Lyrics of an Early Modern Pashtun Poet
Authors:   Saint Petersburg State University, Pelevin M.S.
Published: December 2023

The article discusses a poem of ʿAbd al-Qadir Khatak (d. after 1713) on an armed conflict in the Momand tribe as a specimen of classical Pashto verses reflecting socio-political realities. A study of this text suggests that its author intended, first, to draw a parallel between the Momand incident and the political confrontation in the Khatak tribe and, second, to demonstrate the continuity of literary traditions in the Khatak ruling family by directly emulating the war ballads of Khushhal Khan Khatak (d. 1689).
Some Aspects of Translation of North Korean Literary Texts (Based on Science Fiction Works Published in 1956–1965)
Authors:   Novosibirsk State University, Plotnikov T.N.
Published: December 2023

The article is devoted to the difficulties of translating North Korean fiction demonstrated by the example of science fiction works. Aspects of translating native Korean, Sino-Korean and borrowed vocabulary are discussed. Recommendations for the translation of North Korean literary texts are given.
The Cult of the Divine Monkey in Chinese Folk Religion on the Example of the Cult of the Great Sage Equal to Heaven (齊天大聖 Qitian Dasheng)
Authors:   Novosibirsk State University, Dedyukhina K.I.
Published: December 2023

The article introduces the results of the study of the cult of the Great Sage, Equal to Heaven in the southeastern regions of China and Taiwan. The author describes its place in the system of Chinese folk religion, its formation and current state. The author gives an overview of the ceremonial features of the cult worship of the Great Sage and explores the features of the iconographic image of the deity.
Sufi Heritage of Abulkasim Kushayri
Authors:   Bukhara State University, Kadirov D.H.
Published: December 2023

The article discusses the philosophical and Sufi treatises of the Persian Islamic scholar, thinker and Sufi Abdulkarim bin Khavazin Abulqasim al-Qushayri al-Naysaburi, who was born in 986 in the city of Ustuva, which is located near Nishapur, in the north-east of Iran. Abulqasim Kushayri is considered among Islamic scholars as a Sufi with excellent knowledge in all areas of Islamic science, as well as a prolific author who wrote works in many areas. He is known for his works on aqida, tafsir, hadith and fiqh, as well as for his mystical writings.
Letters from Bukhara and their Russian Interpretation: the Diplomatic Context of Religious Relations in Central Asia (Early
Authors:   The Volga Region Orthodox Institute, Ryazhev A.S.
Published: December 2023

The study mainly concentrates on the religious policy of Catherine II in the southeast of the Russian Empire. The attitude of the Russian authorities to the external relations of the Qazakhs and the impact of the diplomacy of the Ottoman Empire and Central Asian states on Qazakhs is examined here. The author indicates that such an attitude was dictated by the logic of the Russian-Turkish war of 1787–1791 and its consequences. The research bases on unpublished sources of the Russian State Archive of Ancient Charters (RGADA). In general, the proposed work expands the understanding of the role of religion in politics and diplomacy of the early Modern times, the importance of the Muslim factor for the course of Russia in the East by the end of the 18th century.
Lafcadio Hearn and Leo Tolstoy: Why Do They See Japan So Differently and What Does It Suggest?
Authors:   Moscow State University, Sato Yusuke
Published: December 2023

Comparisons between Lafcadio Hearn and L.N. Tolstoy was not taken seriously. However, the two contemporaries had a great interest in each other, and moreover, there was something in common at the basis of their worldviews. L.N. Tolstoy’s interest in Hern was caused by the shock of the Tsushima naval battle. L.N. Tolstoy carefully read Herne’s “Japan: An Attempt at Interpretation” (1904) to unravel the cause of Russia’s defeat and determine the essence of the Japanese people. However, although L.N. Tolstoy praised this book highly, his image of Japan was in some respects the exact opposite of Herne’s.
Eco-Spiritual Vector of Consumption Ideology in Modern Japan
Authors:   Novosibirsk State University, Frolova E.L.
Published: December 2023

The article is devoted to the development of recently fashionable trends and practices in Japan: “power spots”, forest therapy, etc., called the umbrella term “eco-spirituality”. It is shown how new practices, not directly related to the existing religious tradition, are easily integrated into the traditional religious landscape. Eco-spiritual practices are a completely commercial product and are marketed through traditional sales mechanisms. They can be considered in the light of the increasingly popular content tourism and the program to increase the attractiveness of regions.
Rachmaninov`s Senar and Bunin`s Grasse: Russian Estate Life, Continued in Exile
Authors:   А. M. Gorky Institute of World Literature of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Dmitrieva E.E.
Published: December 2023

The idea that the Russian estate as a phenomenon lived a short life, which began in 1762 and abruptly ended in 1917 with the Russian Revolution and destruction of the institute of private landownership, dominated Russian historiography for quite a long period of time. However, in the last decades, this perspective changed significantly, and now researchers are more focused on studying what role estate life played in Russian culture after 1917. There were many forms of the existence of estate life: some estates transformed into museums of everyday life in the countryside or places where famous personalities lived and worked before their death, and so on. Others were restored or newly constructed in the Soviet times, especially during the wave of passeism, when writers reconsidered the estate world and the estate history as an essential component of cultural and historical memory, the “sanctuary of the soul.” Nevertheless, this myth-making also had a genuine basis – an attempt to reconstruct the estate history from abroad. The article, written in the genre of comparative case-study, is devoted to a comparative description of estate experiments, the actors of which were two famous Russian artists who found themselves in exile. The first case is the experience of I.A. Bunin, who settled in exile in the south of France and tried – under seemingly unfavorable conditions – to create some semblance of Russian estate life in a foreign land. The second case, a much more prosperous, at least in a material sense, is S.V. Rachmaninov’s project of building an estate on the shores of Lake Firvaldstät (Lucerne) to comfort his wife, who yearned for their Tambov family estate enormously. The article’s central question is what role such a resurrection of a piece of Russia abroad played in the exiled existence of Rachmaninov and Bunin, but also to what extent and how it was able to sublimate in their work.
Bell-like sound as a Feature of S. V. Rachmaninov’s Artistic Style
Authors:   Siberian Center for Bell Art, Blagoveshchenskaya L.D. , Talashkin A.V.
Published: December 2023

Rachmaninoff is one of those composers whose works show the influence of the ringing of bells on a grand scale. This is not only the “Bells” “lying on the surface”, but incorporation of the most prosperous tradition of the bell ringing. Despite this, there is no comprehensive work dedicated to this topic. The Russian historiography of this problem consists of sporadic and digressed observations in academic papers on entirely different issues or limited conclusions from the analyses focused on the single Rachmaninov’s work. Moreover, these publications often have errors, indicating that the authors are unfamiliar with the art of the bell ringing. The article presents an overview of the role of the bell ringing in the entire legacy of S. V. Rachmaninov and highlights significant issues related to this topic, which are worth independent research.
Science Communications and Communicators: Conceptualization and Basis for Professional Identity in Russia
Authors:   Novosibirsk State University, Belenko V.E.
Published: December 2023

Considering several definitions of “science communication”, the article defines it, unlike academic communication, as deliberate actions intended to channel scientific knowledge and results of research to a broad audience, which is not limited to scientists and specialists in a specific topic. By 2019, the professional field in Russia as a concept and reality can be recognized as fully developed. Around this time, the expression “science communicator” became widely used in official speeches and informal communication as a collective term for activities in the field that existed at the intersection of science, PR, and journalism. Russian science communications are conceptualized under the influence of the international tradition. They adopted some ideological principles of the “diffusionist theory” of the main actors, channels, and processes in this activity and the ideology of the Public Understanding of Science. The article presents the main stages of the development of science communications in Russia for the last fifty years. The most significant of them is the period between 2013 and 2021, which the article considers in great detail. It characterizes the state of science communications at the beginning of this period and the successes achieved by 2020. At the current stage, started after 194 July 2022, science communicators, thanks to social media, retain a high involvement in professional communication and a sense of community. The article shows that this professional area, in the most significant way, began to crystallize around the events held by the Association of Communicators in Education and Science. The association’s founders and, at the same time, the most active members of it brought their vision, concepts, and values to this area of activity. Interviews with the founders and members of the association’s board reveal the supporting semantic structures and meanings that formed the basis of “science communication” in Russia and reasons why other concepts, perhaps more familiar to the native language (such as “popularization of science” and “science journalism”) were rejected for the name of a new professional field.
Development of Korean Studies in Uzbekistan: A Review of Linguistic Research
Authors:   Tashkent State University of Oriental Studies, Kim N.D.
Published: December 2023

At present, with the development of close cooperation between the Republic of Uzbekistan and the Republic of Korea in all sectors of the economy, cultural, and information technology exchange, interest in learning the Korean language is increasing. The reformation of the education system of the Republic of Uzbekistan and the active introduction of new advanced approaches to teaching languages contribute to the deepening of scientific research on the Korean language in various ways. Language as a social phenomenon is subject to constant changes, requiring a revision of study aspects. The existence of the Korean language in the context of bilingualism requires an in-depth analysis of the features and functioning of the language. There is a 205 tendency in Uzbekistan that the Korean language is taught as part of educational programs of intercultural communication. Under current circumstances, to meet socio-historical and educational needs, linguists from Uzbekistan carried out various kinds of studies on problems of learning the language from the perspective of different spheres of activities – science, technology, economics, and culture.
Embassy of A. P. Volynsky (1689-1740) to Persia (Iran) on the Eve of the Persian Campaign of 1722-1723
Authors:   Saint Petersburg State University, Bazilenko I.G.
Published: December 2023

The article studies the mission of 1715-1717 under the leadership of Colonel A. P. Volynsky (1689-1740), which faced a wide range of different tasks – from the collection of strategic information and the conclusion of a 44 trade treatise to the creation of a consular service and a permanent mission of the Russian Orthodox Church in Iran. The author concluded that the decision of the Russian emperor Peter I (1689-1725) to start his famous Persian campaign was primarily influenced by all the information and conclusions that his envoy made during the mission.
The Creation of the United Saudi State in the Context of International Relations in the 1920s-1930s
Authors:   Dagestan State University, Khizriyev A.Kh.
Published: December 2023

The article studies the most crucial period in the history of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) – the emergence of the third Saudi state. This event was one of the immediate results of World War I since the winners – Great Britain and France – redrawn the Middle East map after the Ottoman Empire's dissolution. Its founder, Abdel-Aziz ibn Saud, played a vital role in creating the Saudi state. His personal leadership and diplomatic qualities influenced the success of restoring the Saudi state in the Arabian Peninsula. Nevertheless, the great powers were the main actors in this event and used it to create a political balance in the Middle East and gain their goals and interests in the region. Despite their prominent role in this process, they failed to obtain any significant benefits since the emergence of the Saudi state, and the policy of King Abdel-Aziz opened the door for the infiltration of American oil companies into the Middle East. Competing with British companies, they succeeded and eventually strengthened the political and economic influence of the USA in the Arab world.
Optimization of centrifugal compressor stages
Authors:   NIIturbokompressor JSC, Dubinin E. V. , Idiyatullin B. F. ,   NIIturbokompressor JSC, Khasanov N. G. ,   NIIturbokompressor JSC
Published: December 2023

The article describes а hydraulic efficiency increase in the centrifugal compressor stage using automatic optimization algorithms. The optimization criterion is the polytropic efficiency of the intermediate compressor stage. The sequence of stages of the optimization process in the Fine/Design3D software module of the Numeca software package is presented. The creating process a solid model of the compression stage is shown. The performance curves of the developed stage after optimization of the shape of the rotor and stator elements are also presented.