bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Epidemiological analysis of infection by the bovine viral diarrhea virus on family farms in Brazil
Authors: Rêgo Marlos José Portela , Batista Filho Antônio Fernando Barbosa , Oliveira Pollyanne Raysa Fernandes de , Borges Jonas De Melo , França Carlos André Barbosa de , Ribeiro Cláudia Pestana , Pituco Edviges Maristela , Pinheiro Junior José Wilton
Published: December 2016

The aim of the present study was to determine the seroprevalence of infection by the bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) on family farms, as well as to study the risk factors associated with the infection. In total, 319 blood serum samples were collected from cattle, of reproductive age (>24 months) in 24 herds from 11 cities of the brejo microregion in Pernambuco. The samples were subjected to the seroneutralization test to detect anti-BVDV antibodies. In order to identify the risk factors associated with the BVDV, a questionnaire epidemiologic was applied and followed by statistical analysis of logistic regression, with the serological test considered as the dependent variable (reagent or non-reagent). A prevalence of 51.1% (163/319; C.I. 45.5% - 56.7%) was found in the present study. Of the 24 herds sampled, 100.0% contained at least one reagent animal. The prevalence in the counties ranged from 23.1% to 70.0%. The following risk factors were identified in the present study: not providing colostrum (OR 3.85; p=0.018); disease unknown (OR 2.54; p=0.001) and consortium breeding (OR 1.76; p=0.013). Based on these results, it was clear that BVDV infection is widespread in herds on family farms in the microregion studied herein. Health education policies must be implemented for producers and professionals who provide technical assistance. In addition, based on the risk factors identified in the present study, hygiene-sanitary measures should be implemented in order to reduce the prevalence of the BVDV.
Growing and finishing crossbred feedlot ewe lambs fed with increasing levels of concentrate in the diet
Authors: Ribeiro Caroline Bertholini , Morais Maria Da Graça , Souza Andréa Roberto Duarte Lopes , Fernandes Henrique Jorge , Ítavo Camila Celeste Brandão Ferreira , Franco Gumercindo Loriano , Carneiro Mayara Mitiko Yoshihara , Rocha Raizza Fátima Abadia Tulux , Menezes Bruna Biava de , Walker Catherine Cecília
Published: December 2016

To maximize economic gain in sheep production systems it is critical to adjust feedlot diets to maximize performance while minimizing feed, and especially concentrate, waste. Little information is available on ideal diets for crossbred ewe lambs. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the performance of feedlot crossbred ewe lambs, and the digestibility of diets, with increasing levels of concentrate during the growing and finishing phases. Twenty-four crossbred Texel × Pantaneira Texel ewe lambs were confined and fed Tifton hay with increasing levels of concentrate in the diet (20, 40, 60 and 80%) for individual evaluation of dry matter intake (DMI), digestibility of diets, average daily gain (ADG) and feed efficiency (FE). Animals were slaughtered at 47 kg. In the growing phase, the inclusion of concentrate in the diets (1176 g.kg-1) did not change DMI (p > 0.05). Concentrate levels had a quadratic effect (p < 0.05) on the dry matter digestibility coefficient (DMDC) and on total digestible nutrients (TDN) during the growing phase. In the finishing phase, there was a negative linear effect of concentrate levels on DMI (p < 0.05), but TDN intake was similar among the experimental diets (p > 0.05). DMDC and TDN values displayed a quadratic behavior (p < 0.05), plateauing at 60% concentrate. ADG and FE increased as concentrate was added to the diet in the growing phase (p < 0.05). During the finishing phase, lamb performance was similar (p > 0.05) for different diets. Thus, the use of 60% concentrate in the confined crossbred ewe lamb diet during growing and 20% concentrate during finishing is recommended.
Ingestive behavior of heifers on Brachiaria pasture deferred with different periods of sealing
Authors: Macêdo José Dionísio Borges de , Teixeira Fábio Andrade , Silva Fabiano Ferreira da , Pires Aureliano José Vieira , Aguilar Poliana Batista de , Nascimento Paulo Valter Nunes
Published: December 2016

This study aimed to evaluate four deferral periods for pastures of Brachiaria decumbens cv. Basilisk, and the implications on the ingestive behavior of crossbred heifers. Animals were distributed in a completely randomized design with four periods (63, 84, 105 and 126 days), each with three replications. The time spent daily by animals on grazing, idle, rumination and in the trough was not affected by periods of sealing the pastures, with mean values of 566.6; 422.29; 426.9 and 24.1 minutes, respectively. The number of feeding stations, the time spent in the stations and the number of feeding stations per minute were not different between periods of sealing the pastures, averaging 106.4; 34.6 and 3.0, respectively. The number of bites and the number of bites per minute showed a quadratic effect, with a point of maximum equal to 1,098 bites and 31 bites per minute, observed on days 93 and 88, respectively. Feed efficiency was linearly decreasing influenced by periods of sealing the pastures. Periods of grazing and idle, the number of bites, the number of bites per minute and feed efficiency are influenced by different deferral periods of pastures under the conditions of this study.
Productive characteristics of meat quails reared in different environments
Authors: Bonfim Dihego Silva , Siqueira Jefferson Costa de , Bomfim Marcos Antonio Delmondes , Ribeiro Felipe Barbosa , Oliveira Francisco Loiola de , Nascimento Daphinne Cardoso Nagib , Melo Solange De Araujo
Published: December 2016

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of ambient temperature and consumption on the performance, carcass yields and cuts, organs, and body temperatures of meat quails. The experiment was conducted at the Federal University of Maranhão, campus of Chapadinha-MA, during September to October 2013. From the 14th day of age, 450 meat quails, not sexed, with an average initial weight of 90.4 ± 12.9 g, were distributed in batteries and accommodated in either acclimatized or non-acclimatized rooms, until 42 days of age. The experimental design was completely randomized, with three treatments, and six replicates of 25 birds each. The treatments were CE (acclimatized environment at 26 °C); NE (natural environment), and CECC (acclimatized environment at 26 °C with controlled feed, to keep the same consumption level as that of the birds in NE). The evaluated variables at 28 and 42 days of age were as follows: (1) the intake of feed, weight gain, feed conversion, body weight, and energy efficiency to weight gain, (2) the carcass weight, carcass yields (%) for breast, thigh, drumstick, and wing, and (3) the relative weights (%) of the digestive tract, heart, liver, gizzard, and intestine. In addition, we evaluated the cloacal and surface temperatures (°C), and subsequently, calculated the average and surface body temperatures. The treatment means were compared using the Student-Newman-Keuls test, with 5% level of significance. Compared with the acclimatized ambient environment, the natural environment more favored the performance of quails up to 28 days, but then affected it negatively from that age onward. Carcass yield, organs, and internal temperature of the quails maintained in the acclimatized and natural environments were not influenced.
Curadoria digital: proposta de um modelo para curadoria digital em ambientes big data baseado numa abordagem semi-automática para a seleção de objetos digitais
Authors: Dutra Moisés Lima , Macedo Douglas Dyllon Jeronimo de
Published: December 2016

Introdução: Propõe um novo olhar para Curadorias Digitais a partir de uma perspectiva Big Data.Objetivo: Propor técnicas de seleção e avaliação de objetos digitais para curadorias digitais que levem em conta o volume, a velocidade, a variedade, a veracidade e o valor dos dados coletados em múltiplos domínios do conhecimento.Metodologia: Trata-se de uma pesquisa exploratória de natureza aplicada e de abordagem qualitativa. Aplicação de heurísticas permite que este processo seja feito tanto por curadores humanos quanto por agentes de software.Resultados: Foi proposto um modelo para busca, tratamento, avaliação e seleção de objetos digitais a serem tratados em curadorias digitais.Conclusões: Concluiu-se que é possível utilizar ambientes Big Data como fonte de recursos informacionais para curadorias digitais e que técnicas e ferramentas Big Data podem auxiliar no processo de busca e seleção de recursos informacionais para serem tratados em Curadorias Digitais.Palavras-chave: Curadoria Digital, Big Data, Objetos Digitais.
Web Semântica e Ontologias: um estudo sobre construção de axiomas e uso de inferências
Authors: Santarem Segundo Jose Eduardo , Coneglian Caio Saraiva
Published: December 2016

Introdução: A Web Semântica apresenta tecnologias e conceitos que perpassam por questões como descrição, representação e consultas dos dados. Neste cenário, as ontologias contextualizam as informações, permitindo geração de inferências. A linguagem OWL possui características que facilitam a inserção de lógica nos dados, sendo um elemento essencial para a Web Semântica e o Linked Data. Contudo, questiona-se: como essas inferências podem ser visualizadas e utilizadas na Web Semântica.Objetivo: Analisar os tipos inferência no contexto das tecnologias da Web Semântica, e consequentemente ao Linked Data.Metodologia: Consistiu-se em duas partes, sendo a primeira um levantamento bibliográfico para discussão do tema, e na segunda um estudo exploratório baseado em provas de conceitos e testes de uso de inferências.Resultados: Identificamos e apresentamos quatro formas de realização de inferências, fazendo testes que comprovem sua aplicação.Conclusões: O uso de inferências em ontologias pode se dar de diversas formas, existindo uma variação na expressividade que os tipos de inferências possuem. Verificamos que as inferências podem agregar lógica às representações dos dados, visto que, a contextualização das informações com o uso de ontologias contém axiomas, aumentando a capacidade representacional das informações ao se utilizar inferências. Destaca-se a linguagem OWL como referência para enriquecimento e inserção de axiomas na construção das ontologias.
Bibframe: modelo de dados interligados para bibliotecas
Authors: Ramalho Rogério Aparecido Sá
Published: December 2016

Introdução: O desenvolvimento tecnológico da última década tem proporcionado novos instrumentos de modelagem, representação e organização de recursos informacionais nas mais diversas áreas do conhecimento. No campo da Ciência da Informação destaca-se o Bibliographic Framework (BIBFRAME) como um novo modelo de dados que possibilita a descrição formal dos relacionamentos entre os recursos. Este modelo está relacionado com as tendências de pesquisa envolvendo Linked Data; Data Science; Publicação Ampliada e Web Semântica.Objetivo: Fornecer subsídios teóricos que contribuam para uma melhor compreensão do modelo de dados BIBFRAME, descrever seus elementos e apresentar uma discussão sobre os principais desafios e perspectivas de uso deste novo modelo de dados em bibliotecas.Metodologia: Pesquisa exploratória e descritiva, com abordagem teórica.Resultados: Foram apresentadas as principais tecnologias, elementos conceituais e características do modelo BIBFRAME e relatados os desafios e perspectivas de uso deste novo modelo de dados em bibliotecas. Conclusões: O modelo BIBFRAME contribui para uma mudança de paradigma em relação à forma como encaramos os processos de controle, troca e compartilhamento de recursos informacionais, fornecendo um impulso para o reposicionamento das bibliotecas no cenário contemporâneo, a fim de fortalecer atividades relacionada à identificação e formalização dos relacionamentos entre recursos disponíveis na Web.
Algumas considerações sobre os repositórios digitais de dados de pesquisa
Authors: Sayão Luis Fernando , Sales Luana Farias
Published: December 2016

Introdução: A pesquisa científica contemporânea no seu compromisso por buscar novos conhecimentos e novas descobertas produz e utiliza intensivamente dados digitais de pesquisa. Nesse contexto de mudanças, os dados deixam de ser simples subprodutos das atividades de pesquisa e se tornam recursos informacionais de primeira grandeza, caracterizando um novo paradigma científico pautado pelo compartilhamento, amplo acesso e reuso de dados. Objetivo: Identificar o papel dos repositórios digitais de dados nos novos cenários de pesquisa científica e apresentar um panorama das suas principais características, categorias, benefícios, funções e infraestruturas.Metodologia: Analisa a literatura da área e os principais sistemas que dão sustentação a infraestruturas de acesso e gestão de dados de pesquisa.Resultados: O presente ensaio demonstra que para os dados e coleções de dados de pesquisa transmitam conhecimento no tempo e no espaço e sejam reusados é necessária a implantação de uma infraestrutura tecnológica e gerencial, permanente e sustentável, que permita que eles sejam cuidados ao longo de todo o seu ciclo de vida. No centro dessa infraestrutura estão os repositórios digitais de dados de pesquisa, que são sistemas voltados para apoiar a seleção, catalogação, arquivamento, acesso e compartilhamento de dados de pesquisa.Conclusão: Pela sua importância como recurso informacional, os repositórios de dados se tornam rapidamente parte essencial das infraestruturas de pesquisa em escala global, tornando visível e aberta para toda a sociedade uma parcela importante da atividade de pesquisa. Nessa direção, se tornam um desafio relevante para a Ciência da Informação e para a Biblioteconomia.
Lifecycle of Weibel-Palade bodies
Authors: Mourik Marjon , Eikenboom Jeroen
Published: December 2016

Weibel-Palade bodies (WPBs) are rod or cigar-shaped secretory organelles that are formed by the vascular endothelium. They contain a diverse set of proteins that either function in haemostasis, inflammation, or angiogenesis. Biogenesis of the WPB occurs at the Golgi apparatus in a process that is dependent on the main component of the WPB, the haemostatic protein von Willebrand Factor (VWF). During this process the organelle is directed towards the regulated secretion pathway by recruiting the machinery that responds to exocytosis stimulating agonists. Upon maturation in the periphery of the cell the WPB recruits Rab27A which regulates WPB secretion. To date several signaling pathways have been found to stimulate WPB release. These signaling pathways can trigger several secretion modes including single WPB release and multigranular exocytosis. In this review we will give an overview of the WPB lifecycle from biogenesis to secretion and we will discuss several deficiencies that affect the WPB lifecycle.
Use or Avoid? The Perceptions of Prospective English Teachers in Turkey about L1 Use in English Classes
Authors: Yildiz Mine , Yesilyurt Savas
Published: December 2016

This paper following a mixed-method research design investigates the role of L1 use in L2 teaching from the perspectives of Turkish prospective English teachers. Data were collected from 374 Turkish prospective teachers in ELT department of four state universities in Turkey through a questionnaire. It was aimed to obtain a general view about whether Turkish should be used in teaching English; and if used, to what extent it should be used in the situations specified in the questionnaire, and for what purposes Turkish should be used in these situations. According to the results of the study, some of the participants proposed that L1 use should have no place in language learning/teaching since it exists as a barrier to the process of language learning and hinders the exposure to L2 and the chance to practice it whereas a great majority of them (N=243) considered L1 use as a contributing factor to ease the process of language learning and comprehension of learners.
Statistical Study of Monthly Rainfall Trends by Using the Transmuted Power Lindley Distribution
Authors: Granzotto Daniele Cristina Tita , Mazucheli Josmar , Louzada Francisco
Published: December 2016

In this article, we generalize the power Lindley distribution using aquadratic rank transmutation map to develop a transmuted power Lindley distribution. The new distribution exhibits, in addition to decreasing, increasing and bathtub hazard rate, depending on its parameters also unimodal hazard rate. A comprehensive mathematical properties of this distribution is provided. Some expressions for the moments, order statistics, quantiles function are derived. The model parameters are estimated by the maximumlikelihood method. A Monte Carlo experiment on the finite sample behavior of the MLEs is performed. A real climatological data set was used in order to show the applicability of the new model and different statistics of fit were used as selection criteria.
Extreme Value Theory: a New Characterization of the Distribution Function for the Mixed Method
Authors: Ladji Kane , Daouda Diawara , Moumouni Diallo
Published: December 2016

Consider the sample X1, X2, ..., XN of N independent and identically distributed (iid) random variables with common cumulative distribution function (cdf)F, and let Fu be their conditional excess distribution function F. We define the ordered sample by . Pickands (1975), Balkema and de Haan (1974) posed that for a large class of underlying distribution functions F , and large u ,Fu is well approximated by the Generalized Pareto Distribution.The mixed method is a method for determining thresholds. This method consists in minimizing the variance of a convex combination of other thresholds.The objective of the mixed method is to determine by which probability distribution one can approach this conditional distribution. In this article, we propose a theorem which specifies the conditional distribution of excesses when the deterministic threshold tends to the end point.
Characterizations of Extreme Value Extended Marshall-Olkin Models with Exponential Marginals
Authors: Kolev Nikolai , Pinto Jayme
Published: December 2016

We construct and characterize bivariate extreme value distributions with exponential marginals generated by the stochastic representation (X1,X2) = (min(T1,T3), min(T2,T3)) where the random variable T3 is independent of random variables T1 and T2 which are assumed to be  dependent. A building procedure is suggested when the joint distribution of  (T1,T2) is absolutely continuous and Ti's are not necessarily exponentially distributed, i=1,2,3. The  Pickands representation of the vector (X1,X2) is computed. We illustrate the general relations by examples.
Análisis económico-financiero de los centros especiales de empleo de España
Authors: Gelashvili Vera , Camacho-Miñano María del Mar , Segovia-Vargas María Jesús
Published: December 2016

Los centros especiales de empleo (CEE) son empresas de vital importancia para las personas con discapacidad, al facilitar su incorporación social y laboral en la sociedad. Este estudio pretende contribuir a la visibilidad académica de estas empresas, que fomentan el emprendimiento social y son socialmente responsables. El objetivo de este trabajo es el análisis económico-financiero de la estructura de los CEE de España. Para ello, se estudian sus principales indicadores financieros a través de ratios contables. Las conclusiones obtenidas señalan que apenas existen estudios económicos sobre estas empresas y que la mayoría de los CEE son pequeños, dedicados a la prestación de servicios, con forma jurídica de sociedad limitada y focalizados en Andalucía, Castilla y León, Cataluña y Madrid. En cuanto a los resultados de los ratios, de media los CEE presentan una baja rentabilidad y un alto nivel de endeudamiento a corto plazo, aunque su solvencia está garantizada.
Aplicación de un nuevo programa de habilidades sociales a un grupo de adultos con discapacidad intelectual
Authors: Sequera Fernández Fernanda , Padilla Muñoz Eva María , Chirino Núñez José Manuel , Pérez-Gil José Antonio
Published: December 2016

El presente estudio tiene como fin elaborar y aplicar un nuevo programa de entrenamiento para fomentar el uso de habilidades sociales (HHSS) en un grupo de personas adultas con discapacidad intelectual (DI). Contó con un diseño metodológico cuasi-experimental para probar la efectividad del programa. La muestra estuvo formada por 21 adultos con discapacidad intelectual, usuarios de una unidad de día con terapia ocupacional (10 participantes siguieron el programa y 11 no). Las habilidades sociales fueron evaluadas por medio de una adaptación de la Escala de Habilidades Sociales de Gismero (2010). Los resultados ponen de manifiesto una mejoría significativa en las puntuaciones globales del grupo de tratamiento respecto al grupo contraste. De igual forma, se evidenció un incremento en las puntuaciones del grupo de tratamiento en cinco de las seis subescalas. Las mejoras detectadas resultan claves para el desarrollo individual de este grupo y se discuten las implicaciones de los resultados.
La sexualidad y la maternidad como factores adicionales de discriminación (y violencia) en las mujeres con discapacidad
Authors: Gomiz Pascual María del Pilar
Published: December 2016

Entre las variables objeto de discriminación que convergen en las mujeres con discapacidad y que las exponen a procesos de discriminación interseccional, existen dos especialmente significativas por ir asociadas a los modelos patriarcales tradicionales aun imperantes en la sociedad: la sexualidad y la maternidad. Factores que, en ocasiones, resultan tan graves que atentan contra los derechos fundamentales de este grupo social, vulnerando directamente su condición de ciudadanas de pleno derecho y contribuyendo, en ocasiones, a situarlas en procesos de exclusión social. En este trabajo se exponen algunos de los resultados relacionados con estos aspectos, dentro de un estudio empírico donde se ha analizado la violencia que existe contra las mujeres con discapacidad en sus diferentes vertientes, con el objetivo de visibilizar a un grupo social especialmente vulnerable dada la continua exposición a situaciones de discriminación a las que está sometido.
La Ley de dependencia: costes reales y financiación total durante el periodo 2012-2015
Authors: Beitia Rafael , Pardavila Balbino
Published: December 2016

Beitia, R. y Pardavila, B. (2016): “La Ley de dependencia: costes reales y financiación total durante el periodo 2012-2015”. Revista Española de Discapacidad, 4 (2): 189-204.
La discapacidad en las estadísticas del Impuesto sobre la Renta de las Personas Físicas
Authors: Carbajo Vasco Domingo
Published: December 2016

Carbajo Vasco, D. (2016): “La discapacidad en las estadísticas del Impuesto sobre la Renta de las Personas Físicas”. Revista Española de Discapacidad, 4 (2): 205-218.
Empoderamiento de personas con discapacidad a través del aprendizaje colaborativo: proyecto Idipower
Authors: De los Ríos Gutiérrez Irene , Cabo González Mª José
Published: December 2016

Cabo, M. J. y De los Ríos, I. (2016): “Empoderamiento de personas con discapacidad a través del aprendizaje colaborativo: proyecto Idipower”. Revista Española de Discapacidad, 4 (2): 235-240.
„Rózga i karcenie udziela mądrości…”. O społecznym micie przydatności bicia w wychowaniu
Authors: Jarosz Ewa , Kurkowski Cezary
Published: December 2016

The paper presents the problem of violence in upbringing from a historical and contemporary perspective. The reflection is focused on the situation in Poland – both in the past and today. A lot of historical resources indicate that violence in upbringing was a common reality for children in Poland from the Middle Ages and during the following centuries. Today in Poland violence in upbringing is banned in our law and although violent behaviours towards children are less popular and not as severe as in the past, still as a way of disciplining a child violence is in some forms socially accepted. The paper presents the results of the survey carried out in 2015 which is part of the monitoring which has been conducted by the Ombudsman for Children since 2011.
Partnerstwo w relacji małżeńskiej jako współczesna wartość wychowania
Authors: Ostrouch-Kamińska Joanna
Published: December 2016

Today we observe the dynamic changes in relations between the sexes in the family, which appear as a result of economic, cultural, and social transformation, the growth of women’s economic strength, as well as the level of their education, and the development of the ideas of the equal rights of women and men in the labour market and in social life. Hitherto existing research results show that Poles are increasingly in favour of the egalitarian family model and declare their wish to build their relationships based on equality. In the article I will characterise our cultural context, in which the egalitarian relation of a man and a woman in a family is both an educational space of confrontation between the “old” concept of family life, often rooted in Parsons’ concept of the nuclear family, and the “new” one, specific for the socio-cultural breakthrough in Poland. I will also present the involvement of formal education in fixing stereotypical images of family life, which are in opposition to the changes observed in relations between women and men. At the end I will present my own concept of education for equality in the marital relations, as well as the frame of equality between spouses in marital relations as a value of upbringing, which are a response to the needs of contemporary women and men.
Cuteness and aggression in military picturebooks
Authors: Kümmerling-Meibauer Bettina , Meibauer Jörg
Published: December 2016

As a subspecies of ideologically loaded picturebooks, this chapter focuses on military picturebooks. This term encompasses picturebooks dealing with war and the roles of soldiers. In the first part, a taxonomy of military picturebooks is created which is exemplified by telling examples. The second part focuses on a particular narrative problem of military picturebooks that is of interest to a cognitive theory of picturebooks (as pursued by Kümmerling-Meibauer & Meibauer 2013). On the one hand, it is not possible to represent war as a good thing across the board; on the other hand, war is depicted with respect to certain scenarios of self-defence. The narrative solution seems to be that “cute” characters (that is, anthropomorphic animals and vehicles) are introduced who serve as positive military protagonists that have to fight against aggressive characters representing the enemy. In military picturebooks, there is a contrast between cuteness and aggression that is astonishing when regarding the typical pedagogical demands on the accommodation of picturebooks to the child’s cognitive abilities.
ABC for Father and Mother and Me. Representations of children as consumers in the picturebook of the interwar period
Authors: Druker Elina
Published: December 2016

This article examines how the child consumer is represented in a selection of branded picturebooks at the beginning of the 20th century. By analyzing children’s books published by a commercial chain of stores, the Cooperation Union, the article discusses how depictions of children as consumers are connected to the development of the emerging mass market and consumer society. The new ideas and marketing strategies expressed in these books also coincide with fundamental social changes in society, resulting from modernity and new technologies. Although the Cooperation books were designed for children and used familiar narrative techniques and motifs within children’s literature, I will argue that the books had a twofold audience. They were not only aimed at children but also at their parents. Representations of children as consumers in the studied material suggest that consumption is strongly connected to ideas of modernity and to representations of the modern child, but also that consumption is described as an inseparable part of the modern, urban experience
From occupation to independence: contemporary East Timorese history and identity in Portuguese picturebooks
Authors: Margarida Ramos Ana
Published: December 2016

In Portugal, the suffering and struggle of the East Timorese people for independence started a social movement of solidarity with strong repercussions in the arts, namely music and literature. Children’s Literature depicted the theme of this period of oppression in East Timor, as well as the recognition of its independence and its right to freedom, in a picturebook selected for the White Ravens List in 2003 called East Timor – Island of the Rising Sun (2001), by João Pedro Mésseder and André Letria. This unusual picturebook, characterised by a very simple and sparse, almost poetic, text combined with large-format pictures, depicts this chapter of the contemporary history of East Timor in very specific way, resembling fairy tales or legends. The text and images are combined in order to promote symbolic readings, suggesting a magical/mystical environment that impresses readers. More than a decade later, recent struggles and stories from East Timor are still present in Portuguese picturebooks such as Lya/Lia (2014), by Margarida Botelho. The social change, path to democracy and educational development, as well as daily life and children’s pastimes are now the centre of a narrative that establishes the similarities and differences between modern-day Portugal and East Timor. Our aim is to analyse both the political and ideological perspectives present in these picturebooks aimed at very young readers, offering a broad vision of different realities and contexts, even when they deal with war, death and suffering, as was the case of the East Timorese fight for independence.
A door to the unknown: crossing boundaries through picturebook art
Authors: Smyczyńska Katarzyna
Published: December 2016

This paper engages with the question of the ethical implications of, and artistic imagination in picturebooks. The analysis relies on two visual narratives confronting the theme of cultural difference. The juxtaposition of the two books that share the themes of visiting and hosting, of confronting otherness, and of cultural prejudice indicates differences in their narrative and artistic potential. The analysis of formal strategies in Jemmy Button by Jennifer Uman and Valerio Vidali and in Eric by Shaun Tan serves to point out the role of artistic imagination and narrative wisdom in creating visual literature.
Visual representations of war in Polish and Scandinavian picturebooks. A metaphorical perspective
Authors: Dymel-Trzebiatowska Hanna
Published: December 2016

The goal of the article is to show the potential of the war metaphor applied in the picturebook medium and reflect upon the cultural premises of its use. The analysed material includes three Polish and two Scandinavian books, published within four years, 2011–2014: Pamiętnik Blumki1 (Blumka’s Diary, 2011) by Iwona Chmielewska, Powieki (The Eyelids, 2012) by Michał Rusinek and Ola Cieślak, Ostatnie przedstawienie panny Esterki (Miss Esterka’s Last Performance, 2014) by Adam Jaromir and Gabriela Cichowska, Lejren (The Camp, 2011) by Oscar K. and Dorte Karrebæk and Krigen (The War, 2013) by Gro Dahle and Kaia Dahle Nyhus.
Review of Literature for Children: Texts, Readers
and Educational Practices, P.I.E Peter Lang, Brussels 2015
Authors: Mikulewicz Klaudyna
Published: December 2016

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Assessment of virtual teacher feedback for the recovery of the upper limb after a stroke. Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.
Authors: Kiper Pawel , Zucconi Carla , Agostini Michela , Baba Alfonc , Dipalma Francesco , Berlingieri Carmine , Longhi Claudia , Tonin Paolo , Turolla Andrea
Published: December 2016

Enhanced feedback provided by virtual reality has been shown to promote motor learning both in healthy subjects and patients with motor impairments following lesions of the central nervous system. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of displaying a virtual teacher as visual feedback to promote the recovery of upper limb motor function after a stroke. The protocol reports the design of a single blind randomized controlled trial (RCT), blinded to outcome assessment. Two different treatments based on virtual reality will be compared: in the “Teacher” group, the patients receive treatment with continuous displaying of a virtual teacher, while in the “No-Teacher” group, the same exercises will be proposed without visualization of a virtual teacher. The Fugl-Meyer upper extremity scale will be considered as the primary outcome, while the Functional Independence Measure scale, Reaching Performance Scale and Modified Ashworth Scale will be considered as secondary outcomes. Moreover, kinematic parameters such as mean duration (seconds), mean linear velocity (cm/s) and smoothness (i.e. number of sub-movements) will be registered when performing standardised tasks. All tests will be performed before and after treatments. Both treatments will last four weeks with a daily session lasting one hour, five days a week (20 overall sessions). This study is designed to systematically assess the influence of using enhanced visual feedback for the recovery of upper limb motor function after a stroke. These findings will help to determine whether the use of a virtual teacher as enhanced visual feedback is effective for promoting better recovery of upper limb motor function over four weeks of post-stroke treatment. Current Controlled Trials registration number: NCT02234531 (registered on 29 August 2014, ClinicalTrials. gov) Kiper P., Zucconi C., Agostini M., Baba A., Dipalma F., Berlingieri C., Longhi C., Tonin P., Turolla A. Assessment of virtual teacher feedback for the recovery of the upper limb after a stroke. Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Med Rehabil 2016; 20(3): 13-20. DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0009.5010
Effectivness of diadynamic currents in treatment of lumbosacral pain
Authors: Zwolińska Jolanta , Rząsa Karolina
Published: December 2016

Low back pain occurs in the vast majority of people during their lives, i.e. 45- 85%. Most often, they are working people aged 30 to 60, who have no evidence of any abnormalities apart from overload-degenerative lesions within the spine. Applied treatment methods include physiotherapy. The kinesitherapy programme is complemented with electrotherapy (medium and low frequency currents). Diadynamic currents exhibit analgesic, myorelaxant and hyperemic effects.

The aim of the study is to assess the effectiveness of diadynamic currents in the treatment of patients with pain in the lumbosacral segment.

The study was carried out at a rehabilitation clinic. The patients enrolled in the study were diagnosed with the lower back pain syndrome. On the basis of their medical referrals, two examination groups were formed consisting of 30 patients each. In both groups (A and B), individual exercises and classical massages were applied. In group B, the same programme was supplemented with the application of diadynamic currents. The patients’ condition evaluation was based on lumbar spine segmental mobility assessment and pain intensity using VAS. The examination was carried out before starting the treatment and directly after its completion, as well as 3 months after the therapy was finished.

Significantly greater range of anterior flexion was reported in both groups in the second and third test. In both groups, the increase of ROM extension was statistically significant only during the period between tests I and II. No statistically significant differences in range of flexion, extension or in pain scores (VAS) were observed between the two groups during the initial or final test. No significant differences between the groups within the scope of the therapy effects were observed, although mean changes obtained by the treatment were greater in group B. Both in group A and B, the average variations in parameters between tests I and II were greater, in comparison to the mean variations between tests I and III.

Additional application of diadynamic currents to exercise and massage does not increase the effect of therapy in patients with lumbosacral pain.

Zwolińska J., Rząsa K. Efficacy of diadynamic treatment in patients with lumbosacral pain. Med Rehabil 2016; 20(3): 21-30. DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0009.5011
“Who is really British anyway?”: A thematic analysis of responses to online hate materials
Authors: Rohlfing Sarah , Sonnenberg Stefanie
Published: December 2016

This article aims to add to the relatively small body of literature on online hatred. In particular, it focuses on the role social networking sites may play in the development of polarisation, by exploring how online users respond to explicit online hate materials. Specifically, this article discusses the ways in which a self-selected sample of YouTube users responded, via posting online comments, to a video clip in which a White female train passenger (called Emma) could be seen to racially to abuse other passengers. Thematic analysis of the YouTube comments identified four main themes: (1) Making Sense of Emma, which encapsulated posters' attempts to find explanations for Emma’s behaviour; (2) Meeting Hatred with Hatred, which described posters’ attempts to oppose Emma’s racism by means of resorting to aggressive, hateful language; (3) Us versus Them, which encapsulated posters' tendencies to categorise themselves and other posters into in- and outgroups, based on their particular stance on racism; (4) Contesting Britishness, which expressed posters' attempts to articulate (and contest) what it means to be British. Whilst the current analysis provides some evidence that hateful web content can fuel aggressive and hateful responses, many of the comments analysed here emphasised common group membership, alongside people’s right to claim membership in a particular social category (i.e. Britishness). The current evidence, therefore, suggests that, at least in the specific context of this study, hateful web content may not necessarily lead to an automatic endorsement or escalation of hatred.
Informational benefits from social media use for professional purposes: Results from a longitudinal study
Authors: Utz Sonja , Breuer Johannes
Published: December 2016

Using data from four waves of a longitudinal study among Dutch internet users, we examined whether and how the use of social network sites (SNS) for professional purposes is related to informational benefits. Building on a social capital framework and taking into account the affordances of social media, we specifically looked at users’ activities and the structure of their online networks. Users of LinkedIn or other professional SNS consistently reported higher informational benefits than non-users. The number of ties on the SNS used for professional purposes predicted informational benefits half a year later, and strong ties became more important over time. We also found evidence for a reciprocal relationship between strategic networking and informational benefits. For the use variables (frequency of login, reading, activity in groups, posting professional content), we mainly found concurrent associations with informational benefits. The results shed light on the complex interplay of concurrent and longitudinal processes in the relationship between SNS use and professional informational benefits.
Developing a shorter version of the Estonian Smartphone Addiction Proneness Scale (E-SAPS18)
Authors: Rozgonjuk Dmitri , Rosenvald Valdur , Janno Sven , Täht Karin
Published: December 2016

The aim of this paper is to develop a shorter version of the Estonian Smartphone Addiction Proneness Scale based on previous works (e.g., Ching et al., 2015; Kwon, Lee, et al., 2013; Rozgonjuk, Rosenvald, & Täht, 2016). Seven hundred and sixty-seven people participated in the study (Mage = 26.10 ± 6.73 years; 22% male), for which they completed the Smartphone Addiction Scale (E-SAS-33; Rozgonjuk, Rosenvald, & Täht, 2016), the Estonian Internet Addiction Test (E-IAT; based on Young, 1998), and the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS; Kwon, Lee, et al., 2013). Exploratory factor analysis (maximum likelihood with geomin rotation) and confirmatory factor analysis (parameter estimation: maximum likelihood), an internal-consistency test, t- tests for mean comparisons, correlation analysis and experts’ opinions were used to shorten the E-SAS-33 and validate a new version of the scale. The results of the analyses showed that the 18-item test with five subscales (“tolerance”, “positive anticipation”, “cyberspace-oriented relationships”, “withdrawal”, and “physical symptoms” ) has sound psychometric properties and that the content of the subscales is similar to the original. Among the results, statistically significant differences in E-SAPS18 scores were found in gender, age, level of education, smartphone main use and self-reported addiction. Furthermore, correlates suggest that smartphone addiction, social media use, and Internet addiction might share a similar underlying mechanism.
Přípustnost prorogace ve věcech manželských s cizím prvkem – současný stav z pohledu českých soudů
Authors: Hrnčiříková Miluše
Published: December 2016

Prorogace byla v minulosti typická především pro obchodněprávní spory, v posledních letech se zásluhou unijní úpravy stále častěji objevuje v dalších právních oblastech. Strany sporu tak mohou nejen ovlivnit, dle kterého práva bude jejich případ rozhodován, ale i u kterého soudu bude řízení probíhat. V případě věcí manželských se autonomie vůle stran dnes projevuje především v omezené volbě práva ve věcech majetkových práv manželů či práva rozhodného pro rozvod manželství. Naproti tomu prorogace ve věcech manželských s cizím prvkem zatím výslovně připuštěna není. Článek poskytuje podrobnou analýzu přípustnosti prorogace ve věcech manželských s cizím prvkem a zároveň poukazuje na možný vývoj de lege ferenda.
Má opravdu „každý“ právo na život?
Authors: Valc Jakub
Published: December 2016

Cílem daného článku bude kriticky zhodnotit současnou koncepci ústavněprávní ochrany lidského života v České republice, a to v počátcích jeho přirozeného vývoje. Za tímto účelem bude nejprve pomocí filozoficko-právní analýzy moderních embryologických poznatků stanoven morální a právní status nenarozeného dítěte. Takto zjištěné poznatky budou následně konfrontovány se současnou českou právní úpravou dané problematiky. V této souvislosti budou rovněž uvedeny úvahy de lege ferenda, dle kterých by měla příslušná legislativa reflektovat současný stav vědeckého poznání, podle něhož je nutné již zygotu považovat za lidskou osobu mající právo na život a lidskou důstojnost.
Mezitímní rozsudek a mezitímní určovací návrh: Nástroje řešení předběžných otázek soukromého práva?
Authors: Coufalík Petr
Published: December 2016

Příspěvek se zabývá problematikou mezitímních rozsudků jakožto jednoho z druhů rozhodnutí a jejich vztahem k předběžným otázkám. Mezitímní rozsudek je tradiční formou rozhodování, která má napomoci efektivněji a hospodárněji vést řízení. Současná úprava mezitímního rozsudku dopadá na rozhodování o tom, zdali je dán základ nároku či nikoliv. Tuzemská judikatura přitom zdůrazňuje, že mezitímním rozsudkem se nerozhoduje o otázkách předběžných. Obsahem příspěvku bude rozbor tuzemské úpravy mezitímního rozsudku, přičemž tuzemská úprava bude srovnána s úpravou zahraniční (německou a rakouskou), která mezitímní rozsudky pojímá šířeji včetně možného vypořádání s předběžnými otázkami. Při srovnání bude poukázáno na nedostatky současné tuzemské právní úpravy (například absence mezitímního rozsudku určovacího) a budou navržena doporučení de lege ferenda.
Satisfação dos clientes externos quanto aos cuidados de enfermagem
Authors: Ferreira Paulo Henrique da Cruz , Guedes Helisamara , Moreira Samantha Aparecida , Baracho Valéria da Silva , Caldeira Aghata Barbosa Ramalho , Guedes Camila de Fátima , Ferreira Taysa Sant'Ana , Ribeiro Liliane da Consolação Campos
Published: December 2016

Objetivo: Analizar la satisfacción del cliente externo con la atención de enfermería y comprobar si hay diferencias entre las variables del estudio. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio transversal con 223 pacientes ingresados en un hospital de referencia de la región extendida de salud. Para la recogida de datos se utilizó el instrumento de satisfacción del paciente (ISP) adaptado y validado en Brasil Se efectuaron análisis descriptivos y univariados. Resultados: Entre los clientes, el 53,4% eran hombres, un 43% no había completado la escuela primaria, 52,9% estaban casados, edad media de 53,3 años, internación media de 6,4 días y, para 51,1 % era la primera vez en ese hospital . Con la edad aumenta la confianza en los profesionales de enfermería. El tiempo de internación no influye en la evaluación de los dominios de ISP. Hombres y mujeres calificaron de manera similar al personal de enfermería. Los de menor nivel educativo evaluaron ligeramente mejor los dominios del instrumento. Tanto los casados y como los separados evaluaron el servicio de enfermería de forma equivalente. Los clientes externos mostraron satisfacción con la atención de enfermería, con un promedio de 3,7 sobre 5,0 ; el dominio profesional fue el mejor evaluado seguido por los dominios confianza y educativo. Conclusión: Se espera que estos resultados proporcionen herramientas para apoyar la gestión del servicio de enfermería de la institución y mejorar el proceso de trabajo.
Higher Education in Developing Countries: Peril and Promise, a Decade and a Half Later: Development Lost?
Authors: Halvorsen Tor
Published: December 2016

The author of this article argues that the Task Force behind the Peril and Promise report created a document that represents a silent compromise between what he calls “UNESCO values” and what is seen as “World Bank values.” In the years after the report was written, development has been mostly shaped by WB values. The question is raised whether this is partly due to a weakening of UNESCO as an oppositional force to the hegemonic trend of neoliberalism and academic capitalism.In conclusion, the article advocates that we need to opt again for a development of universities based on UNESCO values. We have to engage in an analytical evaluation of the present hegemony of academic capitalism, and argue more strongly for the alternative: higher education and research as part of culture and the public space, and as a precondition for strengthening democracy through academic freedom.---L’auteur de l’article soutient que le Groupe de Travail responsable du rapport « Périls et Promesses » a réalisé un document qui représente un compromis tacite entre ce qu’il appelle “les valeurs de l’UNESCO” et ce que l’on considère comme “les valeurs de la Banque mondiale”. Dans les années qui ont suivi la publication du rapport, le développement a été principalement influencé par les valeurs de la Banque mondiale. La question posée ici est de savoir si ceci serait dû en partie à un affaiblissement de l’UNESCO en tant que force d’opposition à l’hégémonie croissante du néolibéralisme et du capitalisme académique.En conclusion, l’article préconise de remettre les valeurs de l’UNESCO à la base du développement des universités. Il faut entreprendre un examen analytique de l’hégémonie actuelle du capitalisme académique, et soutenir plus vigoureusement le modèle alternatif : l’enseignement supérieur et la recherche comme parties intégrantes de la culture et de l’espace public, et comme condition préalable au renforcement de la démocratie par le biais de la liberté académique.
Skarn, ære og "god politi" i den tidligmoderne by
Authors: Mührmann-Lund Jørgen
Published: December 2016

I tidligmoderne tid kom et stigende antal politiforordninger mod forskellige former for urenhed i byerne om alt fra brolægning, renovation og løsgående svin til forurening af drikkevandet med ådsler, slagteaffald og menneskelort. Artiklen undersøger både med hvilke begrundelser myndighederne lovgav imod og borgerne klagede over urenheden. Desuden undersøges udviklinger og forskydninger i oplevelsen af urenhed fra middelalderens købstadslove til den borgerlige presse, som opstod i slutningen af 1700-tallet.