bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PEDAGOGY OF MEMORIAL PLACES IN POLAND. CURRENT STATE AND DEVELOPMENT PROSPECTS
Authors:   University of Lodz, Czajkowska Agata
Published: June 2021

The article supports new approaches in Pedagogy linked with wide application of Pedagogy of Memory concept in modern humanitarian knowledge. The correlation of “Pedagogy of Memory” concepts with other definitions used in philosophical, sociological and pedagogical literature (memorial museums, memorial sites) is discussed. Context measurements of memory are presented. The objectives of Pedagogy of Memory are described. Interconnections between Pedagogy of Culture and Pedagogy of Memory are revealed and their intercomplementory functions are given.
IMPROVING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF PEDAGOGICAL WORK TO INCREASE MORAL RESPONSIBILITY IN FUTURE BACHELORS OF SOCIAL WORK
Authors:   Chechnya State University, Khadzhimuradova T.Kh.
Published: June 2021

The article presents the results of the research on improving the effectiveness of pedagogical work to increase the future bachelors of social work moral responsibility. It is shown that moral responsibility is an obligatory component of professionalism of workers of helping professions, the sphere of activity of which includes social workers. The content of the concept of «moral responsibility» is clarified; signs of its manifestation in future bachelors of social work are defined. Pedagogical tools (method of moral dilemmas, volunteering) are presented, the use of which increases the effectiveness of the process of education of moral responsibility in future bachelors of social work.
DIGITAL TOOLS AND SERVICES IN THE PROFESSIONAL REALM OF MODERN TEACHER
Authors:   International Institute of Design and Service, Bodrova E.G. , Degterenko L.N.
Published: June 2021

The problem of using electronic educational resources (EER) in teaching is updated. The concept of electronic educational resource is discussed. Their classifications for different criteria are presented. It is noted that digital tools and services are a subset of EER. Classifications and examples of the latter are presented. The reasons important for the teachers to use digital tools and services in their professional activities are defined. Tasks for the teacher t o introduce digital tools and services to teaching are formulated.
THE EDUCATIONAL ENVIRONMENT OF THE UNIVERSITY AS A FACTOR IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF SUPRA-PROFESSIONAL COMPETENCIES OF FUTURE TEACHERS
Authors:   Ural State University of Economics, Pesha A.V. , Shramko N.V. ,   Ural State Pedagogical University, Nikolaeva М.A.
Published: June 2021

In this work, the authors have realized the goal of determining the key components and characteristics of the educational environment of the university as a factor of influence on the supra-professional competencies of future teachers. In the empirical part of the study, the authors conducted an online survey of students of the pedagogical university (n=157) to confirm the research hypothesis. As a result, the article argues that a multicomponent educational environment (social, technological, spatially-subject components) should have such characteristics as openness, variability, redundancy and orderliness. The results obtained show the high importance of the formation of supraprofessional competencies of future teachers and the average level of student satisfaction with the possibilities of strengthening them, provided today by the modern educational environment of the university. The results of the study will be useful for the administrative and managerial and teaching staff of the university, who are focused on the development of curricula in accordance with the needs of modern educational institutions and the requirements for teacher training
Matriptase activation of Gq drives epithelial disruption and inflammation via RSK and DUOX
Authors: Ma Jiajia , Scott Claire A , Ho Ying Na , Mahabaleshwar Harsha , Marsay Katherine S , Zhang Changqing , Teow Christopher KJ , Ng Ser Sue , Zhang Weibin , Tergaonkar Vinay , Partridge Lynda J , Roy Sudipto , Amaya Enrique , Carney Tom J
Published: June 2021

Epithelial tissues are primed to respond to insults by activating epithelial cell motility and rapid inflammation. Such responses are also elicited upon overexpression of the membrane-bound protease, Matriptase, or mutation of its inhibitor, Hai1. Unrestricted Matriptase activity also predisposes to carcinoma. How Matriptase leads to these cellular outcomes is unknown. We demonstrate that zebrafish hai1a mutants show increased H2O2, NfκB signalling, and IP3R -mediated calcium flashes, and that these promote inflammation, but do not generate epithelial cell motility. In contrast, inhibition of the Gq subunit in hai1a mutants rescues both the inflammation and epithelial phenotypes, with the latter recapitulated by the DAG analogue, PMA. We demonstrate that hai1a has elevated MAPK pathway activity, inhibition of which rescues the epidermal defects. Finally, we identify RSK kinases as MAPK targets disrupting adherens junctions in hai1a mutants. Our work maps novel signalling cascades mediating the potent effects of Matriptase on epithelia, with implications for tissue damage response and carcinoma progression.
NTNU WriteFest 2020
Authors: Fagervik Andreas , Langfeldt Inga Buset , Lorange Anne L. , Østerdal Idun Knutsdatter
Published: June 2021

October is when the NTNU University Library usually offers physical writing events, assisting students with academic writing. For obvious reasons this was not possible in 2020, so we decided to create a digital event instead. We wanted to gather students who needed motivation and inspiration, and lecturers and librarians who could help, on the same platform at the same time. Our intention was to create a feeling of interdisciplinary community among the students as well as the employees, even though we weren’t in the same place physically. Not only did we want to reach out to all NTNU students across Norway, but also include the international students located abroad.The festival took place 12-16 October 2020 in The Virtual Library in Zoom (NTNU Universitetsbiblioteket, 2020), established during the lockdown in the spring of 2020. Events took place during the entire week, with the main event on Wednesday evening. The program focused on academic writing and related topics. We had lectures and courses with multiple internal and external contributors from NTNU, in addition to other services we offered during the week and evening. Parts of the event were also streamed to Facebook.

There were a lot of firsts in the making of the festival. A digital writing festival for all students at NTNU had never been done before. The project group also consisted of members from different cities and departments and met only through online meetings. Working digitally presents new and other options when it comes to digital solutions and how to work together.

In this presentation we will talk about our experiences, the do’s and don’ts we made along the way, and during the event. Things that work fine physically do not necessarily function well digitally.
Re:Learn
Authors: Borg Linda , Eriksson Marie-Louise
Published: June 2021

Librarians and writing tutors in higher education are working intensely to teach information literacy to students. But the extent to which this work is done collaborative or separately differs greatly between the universities.

•How can we facilitate collaborative learning on questions regarding the teaching of academic information literacy?

•How do we relate this teaching to various national and international frameworks and guidelines?

•How do we find new ways and methods for writing tutors and librarians to work together?

•Is it possible to create a platform to facilitate the exchange of ideas and tools?

These are some of the questions that led us to start this project: to develop an open web course on student learning of information literacy in higher education. But instead of targeting students in higher education the target group for this course is librarians and writing tutors at Swedish universities. The project is funded by the Swedish library Association.The purpose of the course is to:

•Place information literacy in an academic context, where academic writing is included together with information seeking, referencing, plagiarism etc.

•Develop national cooperation on issues related to the teaching of information literacy and academic writing

•To facilitate online peer learning between collegues on issues related to teaching information literacy and academic writing

•Develop a platform for sharing experiences regarding tools and methods

The participants will get the opportunity to participate in workshops and PBL-inspired group work on themes regarding the teaching of information literacy in higher education. In this way we hope to facilitate a creative and collaborative learning environment. The first iteration of the course will take place April-May 2021. This presentation will be about the development of the course and what we have learned so far.
Learning in a designed world
Authors: Säljö Roger
Published: June 2021

See RECORDING

Human beings have an incredible talent for learning and for converting the insights they make into technologies. Some of these technologies (hammers, knives, bicycles etc.) transform our bodily capacities; they change the way we interact with the world when we repair an object or move between places. Other technologies (numbers, writing systems, texts, calculators) transform our capacities to think, remember, solve problems and communicate with fellow human beings. These symbolic technologies, as the evolutionary psychologist Merlin Donald calls them, play a decisive role for our capacity to learn, to preserve information and, more generally, to think at the individual as well as collective level. And these technologies are restless, they change continuously. In a designed world, our intellectual capacities are dependent on our abilities to productively utilize such external resources in what we do. What we know is no longer exclusively beneath the skin or between our ears.
What if being or becoming information literate were an adventure?
Authors: Dahl Tove I.
Published: June 2021

See RECORDING

What if we allowed ourselves to rethink what becoming information literate is about, or can be? In this talk, I will take us along paths of thought that allow us to re-imagine what it might mean to become an information literate person. I will draw from my base in several psychological research traditions and years of experience designing curricula and hands-on teaching in both traditional and non-traditional learning environments. I invite you to join me in thinking about how we might build on what you already do well in IL education by entertaining one simple question: What if being or becoming information literate were an adventure? Where might that take us?
Sampling Protocols
Authors: The Nansen Legacy
Published: June 2021

The collection of detailed sampling protocols is crucial tool for the success of the Nansen Legacy, because they ensure:

Methodological agreement between the involved researchers

Continuity and comparable data throughout the 5 years sampling period

An easily accessible overview over parameters sampled

Easier cruise planning
Comprehensive transcriptome analysis of peripheral blood unravels key lncRNAs implicated in ABPA and asthma
Authors: Huang Chen , Leng Dongliang , Zheng Peiyan , Deng Min , Li Lu , Wu Ge , Sun Baoqing , Zhang Xiaohua Douglas
Published: June 2021

Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA) is a complex hypersensitivity lung disease caused by a fungus known as Aspergillus fumigatus. It complicates and aggravates asthma. Despite their potential associations, the underlying mechanisms of asthma developing into ABPA remain obscure. Here we performed an integrative transcriptome analysis based on three types of human peripheral blood, which derived from ABPA patients, asthmatic patients and health controls, aiming to identify crucial lncRNAs implicated in ABPA and asthma. Initially, a high-confidence dataset of lncRNAs was identified using a stringent filtering pipeline. A comparative mutational analysis revealed no significant difference among these samples. Differential expression analysis disclosed several immune-related mRNAs and lncRNAs differentially expressed in ABPA and asthma. For each disease, three sub-networks were established using differential network analysis. Many key lncRNAs implicated in ABPA and asthma were identified, respectively, i.e., AL139423.1-201, AC106028.4-201, HNRNPUL1-210, PUF60-218 and SREBF1-208. Our analysis indicated that these lncRNAs exhibits in the loss-of-function networks, and the expression of which were repressed in the occurrences of both diseases, implying their important roles in the immune-related processes in response to the occurrence of both diseases. Above all, our analysis proposed a new point of view to explore the relationship between ABPA and asthma, which might provide new clues to unveil the pathogenic mechanisms for both diseases.
Using an integrative taxonomic approach to delimit a sibling species,Mycetomoellerius mikromelanossp. nov. (Formicidae: Attini: Attina)
Authors: Cardenas Cody Raul , Luo Amy Rongyan , Jones Tappey H. , Schultz Ted R. , Adams Rachelle M.M.
Published: June 2021

The fungus-growing antMycetomoellerius(previouslyTrachymyrmex)zeteki(Weber 1940) has been the focus of a wide range of studies examining symbiotic partners, garden pathogens, mating frequencies, and genomics. This is in part due to the ease of collecting colonies from creek embankments and its high abundance in the Panama Canal region. The original description was based on samples collected on Barro Colorado Island (BCI), Panama. However, most subsequent studies have sampled populations on the mainland 15 km southeast of BCI. Herein we show that two sibling ant species live in sympatry on the mainland:Mycetomoellerius mikromelanosCardenas, Schultz, & Adams andM.zeteki. This distinction was originally based on behavioral differences of workers in the field and on queen morphology (M.mikromelanosworkers and queens are smaller and black while those ofM. zetekiare larger and red). Authors frequently refer to either species as “M. cf.zeteki,” indicating uncertainty about identity. We used an integrative taxonomic approach to resolve this, examining worker behavior, chemical profiles of worker volatiles, molecular markers, and morphology of all castes. For the latter, we used conventional taxonomic indicators from nine measurements, six extrapolated indices, and morphological characters. We document a new observation of a Diapriinae (Hymenoptera: Diapriidae) parasitoid wasp parasitizingM.zeteki. Finally, we discuss the importance of vouchering in dependable, accessible museum collections and provide a table of previously published papers to clarify the usage of the nameT.zeteki. We found that most reports ofM.zetekiorM. cf.zeteki—including a genome—actually refer to the new speciesM.mikromelanos.
Expression of thermophilic two-domain laccase from Catenuloplanes japonicus in Escherichia coli and its activity against triarylmethane and azo dyes
Authors: Trubitsina Liubov Igorevna , Abdullatypov Azat Vadimovich , Larionova Anna Petrovna , Trubitsin Ivan Vasilyevich , Alferov Sergey Valerievich , Ponamoreva Olga Nikolaevna , Leontievsky Alexey Arkadyevich
Published: June 2021

Background

Two-domain laccases are copper-containing oxidases found in bacteria in the beginning of 2000ths. Two-domain laccases are known for their thermal stability, wide substrate specificity and, the most important of all, their resistance to so-called «strong inhibitors» of classical fungal laccases (azides, fluorides). Low redox potential was found to be specific for all the two-domain laccases, due to which these enzymes lost the researchers’ interest as potentially applicable for various biotechnological purposes, such as bioremediation. Searching, obtaining and studying the properties of novel two-domain laccases will help to obtain an enzyme with high redox-potential allowing its practical application.

Methods

A gene encoding two-domain laccase was identified in Catenuloplanes japonicus genome, cloned and expressed in an Echerichia coli strain. The protein was purified to homogeneity by immobilized metal ion affinity chromatography. Its molecular properties were studied using electrophoresis in native and denaturing conditions. Physico-chemical properties, kinetic characteristics, substrate specificity and decolorization ability of laccase towards triphenylmethane dyes were measured spectrophotometrically.

Results

A novel two-domain recombinant laccase CjSL appeared to be a multimer with a subunit molecular mass of 37 kDa. It oxidized a wide range of phenolic substrates (ferulic acid, caffeic acid, hydroquinone, catechol, etc.) at alkaline pH, while oxidizing of non phenolic substrates (K4[Fe(CN)6], ABTS) was optimal at acidic pH. The UV-visible absorption spectrum of the purified enzyme was specific for all two-domain laccases with peak of absorption at 600 nm and shoulder at 340 nm. The pH optima of CjSL for oxidation of ABTS and 2, 6-DMP substrates were 3.6 and 9.2 respectively. The temperature optimum was 70 °C. The enzyme was most stable in neutral-alkaline conditions. CjSL retained 53% activity after pre-incubation at 90 °C for 60 min. The enzyme retained 26% activity even after 60 min of boiling. The effects of NaF, NaN3, NaCl, EDTA and 1,10-phenanthroline on enzymatic activity were investigated. Only 1,10-phenanthroline reduced laccase activity under both acidic and alkaline conditions. Laccase was able to decolorize triphenylmethane dyes and azo-dyes. ABTS and syringaldehyde were effective mediators for decolorization. The efficacy of dye decolorization depended on pH of the reaction medium.
Review on Natural Language Processing Based on Different Techniques
Authors: Maulud Dastan Hussen , Ameen Siddeeq Y. , Omar Naaman , Kak Shakir Fattah , Rashid Zryan Najat , Yasin Hajar Maseeh , Ibrahim Ibrahim Mahmood , Salih Azar Abid , Salim Nareen O. M. , Ahmed Dindar Mikaeel
Published: June 2021

With the exponential growth of the information on the Internet, there is a high demand for making this information readable and processable by machines. For this purpose, there is a need for the Natural Language Processing (NLP) pipeline. Natural language analysis is a tool used by computers to grasp, perceive, and control human language. This paper discusses various techniques addressed by different researchers on NLP and compares their performance. The comparison among the reviewed researches illustrated that good accuracy levels haved been achieved. Adding to that, the researches that depended on the Sentiment Analysis and ontology methods achieved small prediction error.

The syntactic analysis or parsing or syntax analysis is the third stage of the NLP as a conclusion to use NLP technology. This step aims to accurately mean or, from the text, you may state a dictionary meaning. Syntax analysis analyzes the meaning of the text in comparison with the formal grammatical rules.
The Analysis for the Recovery Cases of COVID-19 in Egypt using Odd Generalized Exponential Lomax Distribution
Authors: Mohamed Hanem , Abo-Hussien Amina E. , Mousa Salwa A. , Ismail Magda M.
Published: June 2021

In this paper, an odd generalized exponential Lomax (OGEL, in short) distribution has been considered. Some mathematical properties of the distribution are studied. The methods of maximum likelihood and maximum product of spacing are used for estimating the model parameters.  Moreover, 95% asymptotic confidence intervals for the estimates of the parameters are derived. The Monte Carlo simulation is conducted for the two proposed methods of estimation to evaluate the performance of the various proposed estimators. The proposed methods are utilized to find estimates of the parameters of OGEL distribution for the daily recovery cases of COIVD-19 in Egypt from 12 May to 30 September 2020.The practical applications show that the proposed model provides better fits than the other models.
Mapping Perennial Crops in Africa: A Case Study of Oil Palm in Ghana
Authors: Elisha Njomaba , Ofori James Nana , Aikins Ben Emunah , Adzraku Gideon
Published: June 2021

Forests in Sub-Saharan Africa are experiencing some of the highest rates of deforestation and degradation in the world, with most natural forest species being replaced by cropland and plantation monoculture. In this work, a method was developed that combined the Synthetic Aperture Radar (Sentinel-1) and optical satellite imagery (Sentinel-2) data to accurately map natural forest and perennial crops (oil palm) in Ghana. This was done using all three variables including spatial, spectral, and temporal variables to assess the most important variables in characterizing oil palm and natural forest, as well as the added value of sentinel-1 SAR data in a sentinel-2 optical-based classification. In this workflow, the Gray level co-occurrence matrix (GLCM) was calculated as representing textural/spatial variables, a yearly median composite to represent the spectral variables, and raining and dry season composites of Normalized Difference Vegetation Index  (NDVI) and Normalized Difference Moisture Index (NDMI) to represent the temporal variables for the Sentinel-2 data. In terms of the SAR data, rainy and dry season composites of NDVI and NDMI were calculated. With all these variables together, a characterization of the study area was conducted based on reference data of the land use land cover classes including oil palm, natural forests, and croplands (others) using Random Forest classifier. The variable importance of the Random Forest model was investigated to identify the top 10 most important variables. Results from this study showed that spectral variables followed by spatial variables are the most important and need to be considered when characterizing oil palm and natural forest, which is consistent with some pieces of literature. The use of sentinel-2 data achieved an acceptable classification accuracy (75%); whereas, sentinel-1 SAR further increased the accuracy (up to 85%) as compared to sentinel-2 only.
Prevalence of Needle Stick Injury among Surgeons
Authors: Iqbal Nasima , Quraishi Faiza , Bhatti Muhammad Aslam , Mughal Faizah , Mumtaz Tayyaba , Khan Muhammad Salman
Published: June 2021

Aim: To find out the prevalence of needle stick injury, its reporting system and the reasons behind it.

Study design: Descriptive cross-sectional

Place and duration of study: Study was conducted at Jinnah post-graduate medical center (JPMC) Karachi during the period of March to September 2019

Methodology: A self-designed, self-explanatory questionnaire was used, consisting of two parts, the first part was about demographic information while second part is for information related to needle stick injury like probable cause, frequency, response after injury, post-exposure prophylaxis and about reporting of the incident. Questionnaire was validated by calculating the Cronbach’s alpha which was 0.78. data was analyzed by using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20.

Results: Majority of the study participants were female (67.2%) and about 50% were postgraduate students. Out of total 134 doctors about 64.2% of the doctors had needle stick injury during their career. Finding out the most probable cause of needle stick injury during the survey it was found out that increased work load and prolonged working hours were the main reasons. Majority of the cases occurred in emergency department (41.9%). About 95.5% of the doctors didn’t get any post-exposure prophylaxis. Majority of the participants (96.3%) did not report to any authority because of the lack of knowledge about the reporting policy, it was noted that about 38.8% were confused either the reporting system exist or not. Most of the injuries occur during the procedure of suturing followed by recapping syringes.

Conclusion: It has been concluded that majority of the doctors had faced needle stick injury during their career and a very negligible number of them got any post-exposure prophylaxis. Majority of them did not report to any authority. So there is a need of implication of safety measures and reporting policies for early detection and treatment of infections after needle stick injury.
A Rare Case Report on Therapeutic Management of Wilm’s Tumour
Authors: Rewatkar Priya , Patil Manoj
Published: June 2021

Introduction: Wilms's tumour was named after Carl Max Wilhelm Wilms, a 19th century German surgeon. Wilm’s tumor is derived from primitive metanephric blastema and is a form of childhood carcinoma that begins in the kidneys (also called nephroblastoma). In infants, it is the most common form of kidney carcinoma. 9 out of 10 kidney cancers in kids is Wilms Tumor. Carcinoma can spread to other parts of the body. The incidence is around seven new cases per million children in the United States, with a peak incidence between the ages of 2 and 3 years.

Main symptoms and important clinical findings: A 11 yrs. old female child was admitted in Acharya Vinoba Bhave Rural Hospital, Wardha on 08/02/2021 with chief complaint of breathing difficulty, shortness of breath, blood in the urine, nausea and vomiting. After physical examination and investigations, doctors diagnosed it as a case of Wilm’s tumor.

The main diagnoses, therapeutic interventions and outcomes: After physical examination and investigations like MRI, doctor diagnosed it as a case Wilm’s tumour. Tab. Actinomycin D (Dactinomycin), tab. Vincristine (chemotherapy) were started and calcium and multivitamin supplements were given for 7 days to enhance immune function. Tab. Septran 160 mg OD and tab. Acenet 400 mg OD, tab. Bactrim 5mg OD was also prescribed. Patient took all treatment and outcome was good. Her signs and symptoms improved.

Conclusion: Accurate diagnosis and timely initiation of treatment speeded up recovery.
DNA Methylation Patterns in Saliva of Tobacco users with High-Risk Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders
Authors: Patel Mimansha , Gawande Madhuri Nitin , Chaudhary Minal Shashikant , Hande Alka Harish
Published: June 2021

Background: “Oral Potentially Malignant Disorder (OPMD)” is a well-known symptom that, if untreated, can be carcinogenic. It includes leukoplakia, erythroplakia or erythroleukoplakia. One of the typical premalignant lesions of the oral cavity is “oral leukoplakias (OLs),” which frequently precedes “OSCCs.”OLs with dysplastic characteristics are considered to be at a higher risk of “malignant transformation.” So, early diagnosis of "oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCCs)" is desperately required to enhance patient prognosis and quality of life (QOL).As a result, we examined the distinctive promoter methylation presence in high-risk OLs.

Objectives: To detect, compare & correlate “DNA methylation” patterns in normal individuals, tobacco users without disease and tobacco users with the disease.

Methodology: With the participants' full consent, 48 saliva samples were obtained and prepared. DNA isolation, restriction digestion of genomic DNA, extraction of restriction enzyme digested genomic DNA, Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR), and Agarose Gel Electrophoresis (AGE) were all carried out.

Expected results: This study will help us to assess the use of Saliva as an aid to identifying both high and low risk “Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders.”

Conclusion: Peculiar promoter methylation of various genes was related to a high possibility of malignant transformation in OLs.
Immunoboosting Potential of Spices with Special Reference to North East India against the Novel Coronavirus Pandemic- A Review
Authors: Malakar Rahul , Kumar Amrit , Das Priyanka , Pathak Khusbu , Sarkar Rajesh Dev
Published: June 2021

Spices, which is key ingredient in every household products not only used for adding aroma to food but however, has health promoting and protective activity against foreign pathogens. Different spices used in day to day life boosts the immune system that leads to healthy and prosperous life. The commonly used spices not only have antimicrobial or antiviral activity, but also serve as a rich source of various vitamins, minerals, antioxidants etc. The medicinal importance of spices dates from ancient Ayurveda and many studies indicating the potential of spices as immunoboosting agent had been carried out in the recent years. Therefore, this review highlights the medicinal importance of commonly used spices in North-East India as immunobooster against the current coronavirus pandemic.
Critical Appraisal of National Accreditation and Assessment Council Accreditation Guidelines with Reference to Medical Sciences Universities/ Institutions as Against US and UK and Proposing an Upgraded Model of Accreditation Guidelines – A Study Protocol
Authors: Mishra Gaurav , Srivastava Tripti , Dhande Rajasbala , Singh Rohan Kumar , Patwa Prerna
Published: June 2021

Background: Accreditation forms chief platform to the fact that higher education should be accurately directed towards betterment, sharpening, honing and nourishing intellectual persona of learners.

There is palpable need to critically analyze manuals embodying accrediting guidelines for Medical Sciences Universities / Institutions prescribed by NAAC as against guidelines in vogue in U.S. and U.K. with reference to any identifiable inadequacy pertaining to meaningful accreditation of Medical Sciences Universities / Institutions and proposing an ideal model towards meaningful accreditation .

Aim and Objectives: To critically evaluate manuals of accreditation of Medical Sciences Universities / Institutions notified by National Accreditation and Assessment Council with reference to those in vogue in U.S. and U.K. and generate updated manual for accreditation of Medical Science Universities / Institutions in India.

Methods:

Type of study: Descriptive study.

Duration of study: 2 years.

Place of study: Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Sawangi Meghe, Wardha.

Expected Results: Generation of upgraded manual of accreditation of Medical Universities / Institutions in India.

Conclusion: Updated manual of accreditation of medical Sciences Universities / Institutions in India could be availed by National Assessment and Accreditation Council for its utilization as a basal / referral document towards the necessary policy frame.
Magnetoresistance Recovery in the Amorphous Dielectric Material SiCOH
Authors: Williams Philip A. , Lloyd James R.
Published: June 2021

The use of a magnetoresistance in the characterization of transport properties in the amorphous low-k dielectric material SiCOH is demonstrated. The double occupancy of charge carriers in trap states within the dielectric material can only exist in spin singlet formation due to Pauli Exclusion. The trap-assisted negative magnetoresistance (MR) in amorphous SiCOH, driven by an applied electric field that results in an observed increase in magnitude of the current in the conduction band is due to singly occupied trap spin-mixing suppression of carriers with the application of an external magnetic field. The material MR decays with time under electrical bias and temperature stress as traps are filled by charge carriers and from space charge accumulation. The MR can be reinstated by the ionization of these traps via the conduction mechanisms of nonthermally activated tunneling and thermal ionization with the assistance of an applied coulombic potential barrier lowering electric field. In this work a direct correlation is shown between a material MR and the trapping, de-trapping, and trap avoidance of singly occupied traps in the transport of charge carriers in the amorphous low-k dielectric material SiCOH (a-SiCOH).
Optimal rotation of insecticides to prevent the evolution of resistance in a structured environment
Authors: Yamamura Kohji
Published: June 2021

Several strategies have been used in insecticide resistance management to prevent the evolution of resistance, but the spatial aspects of insecticide application are crucially important among these strategies. Here, we consider a structured environment that consists of on‐farm and off‐farm fields where crops are planted periodically in on‐farm fields during cultivation periods. We define the basic reproduction rate () of resistance as the expected number of offspring of a resistant individual divided by that of a susceptible individual under the condition that the proportion of resistance is extremely small; it is measured as the quantity per cycle of the cultivation period. We calculate using realistic dose‐survival curves under a given fitness cost of resistance genes. The evolution of resistance occurs if and only if the value is larger than 0. Then, we propose a procedure for calculating the optimal design of rotational spraying that prevents the evolution of resistance, that is, the evolutionary stable strategy (ESS) for farmers, satisfying the mortality required for managing the abundance of insects. We consider the following controllable factors in calculating the optimal design: the dose of insecticide, the number of sprays, the number of different types of insecticides and potentially, the size of on‐farm fields.
Rehabilitation Interventions in Systemic Sclerosis: A Systematic Review and Future Directions
Authors: Murphy Susan L. , Poole Janet L. , Chen Yen T. , Lescoat Alain , Khanna Dinesh
Published: June 2021

Objective

To systematically review evidence of rehabilitation interventions for improving outcomes in systemic sclerosis (SSc) and to evaluate evidence quality.

Methods

Several electronic databases were searched to identify studies in which rehabilitation professionals delivered, supervised, or participated in interventions for individuals with SSc. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) or non‐randomized trials, one‐arm trials, and prospective quasi‐experimental studies with interventions were included if they had ≥10 participants. Quality appraisal was conducted by 2 independent raters using the Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro) Scale.

Results

A total of 16 good or excellent quality studies (15 RCTs, 1 prospective quasi‐experimental study) were included. Most rehabilitation interventions focused on hands/upper extremities, followed by multicomponent, orofacial, and directed self‐management. Sample sizes varied between 20–267 participants (median 38). In 50% of studies, participants in intervention groups significantly improved compared to controls. Most studies demonstrated within‐group improvements in intervention groups. Interventions varied in content, delivery, length, and dose and outcome measures collected.

Conclusion

Existing evidence provides some support for rehabilitation in SSc, such as interventions that focus on hand and upper extremity outcomes or are multicomponent, although there is high study heterogeneity. The evidence base would benefit from interventions testing similar replicable components, use of common outcome measures, and incorporation of delivery modes that enable larger sample sizes. There are challenges in recruiting participants due to the rarity of SSc and high disease burden, as participants' involvement in rehabilitation studies requires active participation over time. Intervention studies designed to reduce participation barriers may facilitate translation of effective interventions into practice.
Experimental implementation of a novel scheduling algorithm for adaptive and modified P&O MPPT controller using fuzzy logic for WECS
Authors: Gouabi Hicham , Hazzab Abdeldjebar , Habbab Mohamed , Rezkallah Miloud , Chandra Ambrish
Published: June 2021

This article proposes an adaptive and modified Perturb and Observe (P&O) maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithm, using fuzzy logic step size controller, for a wind energy conversion system (WECS) based on wound rotor synchronous generator. The modified P&O controller uses additional current information of the dc‐link, to decrease power oscillation around MPP, and choose the correct direction of the perturbation, while wind speed increase condition, depending on the sign of dc‐link current change. So, in this contribution, a modified drift‐free P&O algorithm was chosen because it gives better results, but the duty cycle step size in the proposed MPPT controller has been varied adaptively, using a fuzzy logic inference system based on the variation of the rectifier output power and the previous change of the duty cycle to get fast convergence until the MPP is reached in increasing and decreasing wind speed conditions. Performances and robustness of the proposed speed sensorless MPPT controller are evaluated in an experiment implementation, using a WECS emulator and dSpace DS1104 controller board, where experimental results show that the proposed method guarantees fast convergence with better energy quality and high robustness against speed or load change conditions.
Multi‐Fidelity High‐Throughput Optimization of Electrical Conductivity in P3HT‐CNT Composites
Authors: Bash Daniil , Cai Yongqiang , Chellappan Vijila , Wong Swee Liang , Yang Xu , Kumar Pawan , Tan Jin Da , Abutaha Anas , Cheng Jayce JW , Lim Yee‐Fun , Tian Siyu Isaac Parker , Ren Zekun , Mekki‐Berrada Flore , Wong Wai Kuan , Xie Jiaxun , Kumar Jatin , Khan Saif A. , Li Qianxiao , Buonassisi Tonio , Hippalgaonkar Kedar
Published: June 2021

Combining high‐throughput experiments with machine learning accelerates materials and process optimization toward user‐specified target properties. In this study, a rapid machine learning‐driven automated flow mixing setup with a high‐throughput drop‐casting system is introduced for thin film preparation, followed by fast characterization of proxy optical and target electrical properties that completes one cycle of learning with 160 unique samples in a single day, a >10× improvement relative to quantified, manual‐controlled baseline. Regio‐regular poly‐3‐hexylthiophene is combined with various types of carbon nanotubes, to identify the optimum composition and synthesis conditions to realize electrical conductivities as high as state‐of‐the‐art 1000 S cm−1. The results are subsequently verified and explained using offline high‐fidelity experiments. Graph‐based model selection strategies with classical regression that optimize among multi‐fidelity noisy input‐output measurements are introduced. These strategies present a robust machine‐learning driven high‐throughput experimental scheme that can be effectively applied to understand, optimize, and design new materials and composites.
Graphene Oxide Based Fluorescent DNA Aptasensor for Liver Cancer Diagnosis and Therapy
Authors: Ma Ke , Xie Wei , Liu Wei , Wang Lei , Wang Dong , Tang Ben Zhong
Published: June 2021

Graphene oxide (GO)‐based fluorescent DNA aptasensors are promising nanomaterials in bioassays owing to the fluorescent ultrasensitivity and target identification ability. However, their in vivo application remains an appealing yet significantly challenging task. In this contribution, for the first time, a nanomaterial for in vivo diagnosis and therapy of liver tumors is demonstrated. A DNA nanomaterial consisting of DNA tetrahedron and aptamers, aggregation‐induced emission luminogens, and antitumor drug doxorubicin, is fabricated and attached on the GO surface. This developed hybrid with good biocompatibility exhibits high selectivity to target liver cancer cells, and performs well in in vitro and in vivo liver tumor fluorescence imaging diagnosis and chemotherapy. Additionally, a GO‐based fluorescent DNA nanodevice is also constructed by using microfluidic chips for liver tumor cell screening.
Nanovaccine‐Mediated Cell Selective Delivery of Neoantigens Potentiating Adoptive Dendritic Cell Transfer for Personalized Immunization
Authors: Xiao Ping , Wang Jue , Fang Lei , Zhao Zitong , Sun Xiangshi , Liu Xiaochen , Cao Haiqiang , Zhang Pengcheng , Wang Dangge , Li Yaping
Published: June 2021

Neoantigen vaccines and adoptive dendritic cell (DC) transfer are major clinical approaches to initiate personalized immunity in cancer patients. However, the immunization efficacy is largely limited by the in vivo trajectory including neoantigens’ access to resident DCs and DCs’ access to lymph nodes (LNs). Herein, an innovative strategy is proposed to improve personalized immunization through neoantigen‐loaded nanovaccines synergized with adoptive DC transfer. It is found that it enables selective delivery of neoantigens to resident DCs and macrophages by coating cancer cell membranes onto neoantigen‐loaded nanoparticles. In addition, the nanovaccines promote the secretion of chemokine C‐C motif ligand 2 (CCL2), CCL3, and C‐X‐C motif ligand 10 from macrophages, thus potentiating the access of transferred DCs to LNs. This immunization strategy enables coordinated delivery of identified neoantigens and autologous tumor lysate‐derived undefined antigens, leading to initiation of antitumor T cell immunity in a personalized manner. It significantly inhibits tumor growth in prophylactic and established mouse tumor models. The findings provide a new vision for potentiating adoptive cell transfer by nanovaccines, which may open the door to a transformative possibility for improving personalized immunization.
Flexible Vertical Photogating Transistor Network with an Ultrashort Channel for In‐Sensor Visual Nociceptor
Authors: Feng Guangdi , Jiang Jie , Li Yanran , Xie Dingdong , Tian Bobo , Wan Qing
Published: June 2021

Humans can clearly perceive surroundings efficiently while consuming little energy because of human intelligence and powerful vision system. Thus, it has been a long‐sought dream for human beings to build such an energy‐efficient artificial intelligent vision system with emerging devices. Unfortunately, a wearable optoelectronic device for visual nociceptor systems, regarded as a key bionic function to protect the vision, remains to be developed so far. Herein, using the vertical coplanar‐multiterminal flexible transient photogating transistor network with a 3 nm ultrashort channel, a wearable artificial vision system with painful‐perceptual abilities is successfully demonstrated for flexible electronic‐skin (e‐skin) applications. The device not only has the ability of ultrafast transient physical disappearance of only 60 s for information security but also establishes a flexible optical in‐sensor visual nociceptor (ISVN) e‐skin. The optical transition from short‐time memory to long‐time memory of visual memory is educed by a strong photogating effect, and the higher‐level‐graded optical painful alarm‐sensing system is also demonstrated by this flexible artificial e‐skin. Moreover, the proposed devices will achieve painful light sensitization under different spatiotemporal color patterns to avoid external secondary injuries. It provides a good opportunity for future intelligent e‐skin taking advantage of its intriguing visual pain‐perceptual abilities.
Thermochromic Polyvinyl Alcohol‐Iodine Hydrogels with Safe Threshold Temperature for Infectious Wound Healing
Authors: Miao Zhaohua , Sun Yanbin , Tao Zhenchao , Chen Yu , Ma Yan , Zhu Dongdong , Huang Xiang , Zha Zhengbao
Published: June 2021

Iodophor (povidone‐iodine) has been widely used for antibacterial applications in the clinic. Yet, limited progress in the field of iodine‐based bactericides has been achieved since the invention of iodophor. Herein, a blue polyvinyl alcohol‐iodine (PAI) complex‐based antibacterial hydrogel is explored as a new generation of biocompatible iodine‐based bactericides. The obtained PAI hydrogel maintains laser triggered liquefaction, thermochromic, and photothermal features for highly efficient elimination of bacteria. In vitro antibacterial test reveals that the relative bacteria viabilities of Escherichia coli (E.coli) and methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) incubated with PAI hydrogel are only 8% and 3.8%, respectively. Upon single injection of the PAI hydrogel, MRSA‐infected open wounds can be efficiently healed in only 5 days, and the healing speed is further accelerated by laser irradiation due to the dynamic interaction between iodine and polyvinyl alcohol, causing up to ∼29% of wound area being closed on day 1. In addition, a safe threshold temperature of skin scald (∼45 °C) emerges for PAI hydrogels because of thermochromic properties, avoiding thermal injuries during irradiation. In addition, no observed toxicity or skin irritation is observed for the PAI hydrogel. This work expands the category of iodine‐based bactericides for safe and controllable management of infected wounds.
Machine Learning‐Reinforced Noninvasive Biosensors for Healthcare
Authors: Zhang Kaiyi , Wang Jianwu , Liu Tianyi , Luo Yifei , Loh Xian Jun , Chen Xiaodong
Published: June 2021

The emergence and development of noninvasive biosensors largely facilitate the collection of physiological signals and the processing of health‐related data. The utilization of appropriate machine learning algorithms improves the accuracy and efficiency of biosensors. Machine learning‐reinforced biosensors are started to use in clinical practice, health monitoring, and food safety, bringing a digital revolution in healthcare. Herein, the recent advances in machine learning‐reinforced noninvasive biosensors applied in healthcare are summarized. First, different types of noninvasive biosensors and physiological signals collected are categorized and summarized. Then machine learning algorithms adopted in subsequent data processing are introduced and their practical applications in biosensors are reviewed. Finally, the challenges faced by machine learning‐reinforced biosensors are raised, including data privacy and adaptive learning capability, and their prospects in real‐time monitoring, out‐of‐clinic diagnosis, and onsite food safety detection are proposed.
The Delivery Challenge of Genome Editing in Human Epithelia
Authors: Calderón Marcelo , Hedtrich Sarah
Published: June 2021

Despite exciting advances in gene editing, their clinical translation is still hampered by the lack of delivery systems that can encapsulate and deliver gene editing tools like CRISPR‐Cas9 or prime editors to the target side. This is particularly challenging in human epithelia, such as the skin and the lung; the latter of which being a mucosal surface that is covered by a mucus layer. In this perspective, the design and biological assessment of delivery systems for gene editing tools like CRISPR in skin and mucosal surfaces are discussed. The current state‐of‐the‐art, current knowledge, and translational gaps, and guide toward improved translation are highlighted.
Construction of Supercapacitor‐Based Ionic Diodes with Adjustable Bias Directions by Using Poly(ionic liquid) Electrolytes
Authors: Feng Jianze , Wang Yan , Xu Yongtai , Ma Hongyun , Wang Gaowei , Ma Pengjun , Tang Yu , Yan Xingbin
Published: June 2021

The newly emerging supercapacitor‐diode (CAPode), integrating the characteristics of a diode into an electrical‐double‐layer capacitor, can be employed to extend conventional supercapacitors to new technological applications and may play a crucial role in grid stabilization, signal propagation, and logic operations. However, the reported CAPodes have only been able to realize charge storage in the positive‐bias direction. Here, bias‐direction‐adjustable CAPodes realized by using a polycation‐based ionic liquid (IL) or a polyanion‐based IL as electrolyte in an asymmetric carbon‐based supercapacitor architecture are proposed. The resulting CAPodes exhibit charge‐storage function at only the positive‐ or negative‐bias direction with a high rectification ratio (≈80% for rectification ratio II, RRII) and an outstanding cycling life (4500 cycles), representing a crucial breakthrough for designing high‐performance capacitive ionic diodes.