bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Application of Virtual Reality Technology in Integrally Migration Construction of a Memorial Archway
Authors: Zhang Yuan
Published: October 2011

Virtual reality technology has the characteristics of freely interaction and living simulation, the application of virtual reality technology in civil engineering construction has a wide application prospect. In this paper the author introduced the integrally migration virtual construction of a memorial archway, the application of 3D studio max software simulated the integrally migration construction process of the memorial archway including the protection of the memorial archway, foundation underpinning, cutting off columns and lifting, rotation, translation, dropping and placing of the memorial archway etc., to test the construction project feasibility and obtained satisfactory results.
A Study on the Evaluation of China's Real Estate Business Performance — Based on Modified TOPSIS Method
Authors: Zhou Yong , Liu Jiang Yan
Published: October 2011

This paper starts the study by establishing evaluation indicator system of the real estate company’s performance. After the establishment of the indicator system, a TOPSIS evaluation method for comprehensive evaluation is introduced and also improved by "bucket theory". This new model for performance evaluation of real estate companies is used in this paper and thus will promote the evaluation method in order to become more scientific and rational theory.
Research on Financing Patterns of China's Public Sports Venues
Authors: Jia Li Xin , Wang De Wei
Published: October 2011

The development of sports and the hold of the sports events have promoted the construction of sports venues. However, the government's financial burden restricts the development of sports venues. How to seek a new financing pattern that not only can alleviate the government's pressure of the preparation, but also can build a batch of sports venues to meet people's increasing need, it is the emergency problems to be solved. The three patterns-BOT pattern, PPP pattern, PFI pattern are analyzed, they are suitable for different sports venues. The research not only can promote foreign investment and private capital into the sports facilities, but also can reduce government's financial burden.
Dynamic Robust Pricing Model of European Call Option and Empirical Research in Fractional Market
Authors: Zhang Hui , Meng Wen Yu
Published: October 2011

The fractional financial market with Knightian uncertainty is studied. We get the dynamic robust pricing model of European call option. Using the important theories of the quasi conditional expectation and the quasi martingale, we get the explicit solution of the model. By making empirical research on the financial product of Chinese bank ahead 09004, we depict the important impacts of the Knightian uncertainty on the robust pricing of European call option.
Index Analysis for Specimens of Reinforced Concretes with Mechanical Parameters
Authors: Liu Chuan Xiao , Liu Zhi Hao , Wang Long , Tian Hong Ye , Zhang Xiu Li
Published: October 2011

To study mechanical characteristics of general reinforced concrete in engineering, specimens of reinforced concrete with different mass ratios and specimens of fiber reinforced concrete with different distributing modes of steel fibers or mixed modes of fiberglass are produced. Testing results from these specimens state that recommended mass ratio is 1:4.29:0.74 of cement, sand to water for reinforced concrete, and mass ratio of mixed AR fiberglass is 4‰ or distributing mode of steel fibers is vertical 5 roots evenly for fiber reinforced concretes will have excellent mechanical properties. Analyzing mechanical indexes influencing characteristics of reinforced concretes, uniaxial compressive strength and ultimate strain are primary indexes, elastic modulus is an assistant index, and Poisson ratio and residual strength are both only referenced indexes.
Pre-Warning Information System of Traffic Safety
Authors: Peng Jun Long , Wang Da
Published: October 2011

Traffic safety dynamic trend pre-warning could effectively strengthenmonitoring strength of traffic management department, reduce the number of trafficaccident and ensure highway transportation orderly and smooth. This article analysestrend pre-warning system of traffic safety from the highway operation managementangle. Based on the above analysis, the trend dynamic pre-warning system composition and the information processing method are advanced. The processingmethods in according to the characteristics of road traffic safety, from trend impactsof traffic safety evaluation indicators use six indicators to reflect all aspects ofsecurity potential crises, such as average speed, traffic flow size, etc.
Reflection on Integrated Conservation for Zhenbeitai
Authors: Lei Yao Li , Liu Yi
Published: October 2011

In this paper, we aim at the conservation planning of Zhenbeitai. The fundamental feature of this planning is the idea of integrated conservation. It analyzes the integrity between Zhenbeitai and other related sites，and its setting, also and Yulin urban planning. The conservation tactics is also introduced in the article. In conclusion, we state that the theory of integrated conservation can be applied to all the cultural heritages. This principle will protect the integrity and the authenticity of cultural heritage effectively.
From Ideology to Physical Form about the Planning and Design of Luyi Laozi-House
Authors: Zhang Yi Zhong , Guo Zhao Ru
Published: October 2011

Houses with long history can’t be passed down from generation to generation. The impression of celebrities’houses stems from the analysis of their life tracks and the exploration of living space environment which produces their idea and philosophy. The planning and designing of Laozi-house is a product of the dialectical and reverse thinking. It is not a copy of the house that Laozi lived in, but it reproduces scenes of life and social customs in his days as much as possible. It can also reflect the social and cultural phenomenon in the Spring and Autumn Period.
Urban Development and Great Ruins Protection in Xi’an of China
Authors: Yu Dong Fei
Published: October 2011

In cultural heritage protection, great ruins has an important position.The paper discusses the necessary connection between the development of modern cities and the great ruins protection, and discusses the importance and far-reaching significance of the great ruins protection in the modern urban development, and we must pay attention to all aspects of conservation and development with the Heritage Park model. From Xi'an urban overall planning design, the paper explores the great site protection and appropriate development approach, methods, and takes the construction of xi’an Tang Daming Palace Heritage Park as an example, to illustrate some specific practices and results of the combination of the great ruins protection and urban development .
A Study on the Innovation of Urban Planning Paradigm Based on Low-Carbon Concept
Authors: Rui Yang , Jiao Lin Xi
Published: October 2011

This article based on the introduction of low-carbon concept and reflection on the traditional urban planning program, pointed out that should contribute to the traditional urban planning paradigm shift to low-carbon urban planning paradigm and described on the innovation path of paradigm considering planning connotation, participants and formula, with a view to provide planning theory and technical support for cities which practice low-carbon development path.
Design Concepts of Redevelopment in Urban Industrial Historical Area — a Primary Urban Renew Plan of Chongqing Special Steel Factory Site
Authors: Heng Han Xiao , Yang Yu Huan
Published: October 2011

To keep urban memories and unique characters in fast urbanization became an urgent task for China’s urban designer in nowadays. Based on local investigation and case study, through analysis about the site’s current situation, this article briefly introduced the main conceptions of an urban plan design, tried to finding out some basic ideas and principals in urban industrial historical redevelopment design.
A Primary Investigation into Revolution and Way to Reform under the Background of Smart City Construction
Authors: Wei Wei , Li Rui Qin
Published: October 2011

Along with the science and technology progress and widely used to deal with the challenges facing the city development，"Smart City" came into being. In modern society, "Smart City" becomes the future trend of city development. Urban planning, as an important public policy of controlling land and space resources, should converge with "Smart City". Base on the concept of "Smart City", this paper research on changes under the background of "Smart City" construction, and then study on ways to reform from the perspective of urban planning. Preliminary form China's urban planning related theories. "Smart City" is a brand-new concept proposed by IBM in the context of globalization, against social change, technological development, market practices and global issue; it provides means to address the challenges facing China's urban development. In China, "Smart City" construction is blossoming everywhere. But still in the initial stage and has a long way to go. In such context, investigation into revolution and ways to reform from the angle of urban planning is of great significance.
Regional Features of Gao-Tai Dwelling in Kashi
Authors: Song Hui
Published: October 2011

Kashi is a history city with special natural, geographical and human characteristics. Based on its region features of long sun time, rare rainfall, and strong evaporation, large temperature difference between day and night, Gao-tai Dwelling is produced in Kashi. The main objectives of our investigation are focused on Gao-tai Dwelling in Kashi. The analysis is conducted to examine the controlling regional features of Gao-tai Dwelling, such as dwelling layout and space, energy conservation and so on. It is concluded that the buildings in Gao-tai Dwelling can reach better external representation of the architecture style in Kashi and energy conservation in Modern architecture design and new technology. So, the methods of Characteristic Urban in Kashi are suitable for poor rural Area in China, and they are the best choose for local residential areas.
Eco-Space Complex for High-Rise Office Buildings
Authors: Cao Ying , Yang Jin Peng
Published: October 2011

Taking the spatial pattern and the environmental elements as the starting point for the study of the ecological design of high-rise office buildings, this paper brings forward the concept of Eco-space Complex, structuring an open and dynamic spatial function complex as well as an eco-conditioning system..
Urban Transformation Process of Soho from 1889 to 2004 - A Discussion of the Form and Function Relationship
Authors: Dai Xiao Ling , Zhang Hua Li
Published: October 2011

Due to the advance of computer science, we now have more powerful tools to digitize and analyze the complex system of urban form, which was difficult for describing and exploring previously. Space syntax theory and method is one of these tools which can help to clarify the social logic of space quantitatively. By this tool, this study examined the urban transformation process of the London area of Soho in the last 100 years, aiming at articulating the intriguing form and function relationship. This study proposed that although the spatial change and social change are in different speed, their changing process still intertwined and interacted with each other.
A Study of the Optimization of Building External Shading Methods in Chongqing Area
Authors: Zeng Xu Dong , Huang Fang Ai
Published: October 2011

Based on the climate of Chongqing area, this study simulated and analyzed different simplified building external shading methods via energy simulation software, defining 30˚ as an interval, and finally obtained the optimized strategies for building external shading methods in 12 orientations, providing the simple and explicit shading choices for architects during the plan design.
Enlightenment of Modern Architecture Design from Geomancy
Authors: Deng Zhi Ping , Yi Ping Hua
Published: October 2011

The implication of geomancy is illustrated and the influence of architecture site-choosing, exposure, pattern, and architecture surrounding in the geomancy theory on modern architecture design is analyzed in this paper. Modern architecture is the inheritance and creation on the ancient geomancy.
Towards a Theory of Innovation in Architectural Design: Development of Lingnan Architecture School
Authors: Tang Xiao Xiang , Chen Yin
Published: October 2011

Through analyzing the development of Lingnan Architecture School, the present paper discusses the main points of its innovation in architectural theory in terms of culture, science, technology and other areas, and highlights characteristics of its three phases: enlightenment and spread of functional realism, inheritance and innovation of regional realism, and rational thinking of cultural realism.
Building Information Model for 3D Indoor Navigation in Emergency Response
Authors: Li Yuan
Published: October 2011

In this paper, we discuss the possibility of using BIM into 3D indoor navigation in emergency response. We first analyze the functional requirements of 3D indoor emergency response, and then illustrate the workflow of transforming BIM into 3D, ontology-based, indoor navigation model, shortly as 3DOntoINM. Finally, we explain the algorithm and implication issues.
Micro-Architecture under Perspective of Landscape
Authors: Yuan Hai Bei Bei , Kong Yu Hang
Published: October 2011

The transformation of the material technology will surely promote a new building revolution. Based on the analysis of the current building environment, this paper explains the essential characteristics of the micro-architecture and points out that the micro-architecture will set new trends for the development of architecture. It will become the decisive strategy to solve the current problems with climate and ecology.
Study on Developing Scheme for Building Applications of Renewable Energy in Shaanxi Province of China
Authors: Li Yan Jun , Yan Zeng Feng , Wu Shu Yun
Published: October 2011

There is abundant renewable energy in Shaanxi province of China. Renewable energy buildings utilization plays a very important role in the sustainable development of Shaanxi Province. Developing scheme for building applications of renewable energy in Shaanxi province was explored in this paper. Distribution and storage of renewable energy in Shaanxi province was introduced firstly. Taking into account of energy requirements and utilization levels, suitable areas were proposed in this paper, where various kinds building application technology of renewable energy can be promoted. The development priorities in building applications of renewable energy were also discussed. Finally, building applications objectives of renewable energy from 2011 to 2015 in Shaanxi province was proposed. This research will provide reference for building applications of renewable energy in Shaanxi province of China.
Bridging Toughening and Fracture Energy of X-Type Fiber Reinforced Cementitious Composites
Authors: Zhang Shuo Ying , Dong Ming Hai
Published: October 2011

Based on the fiber bridging model and constant frictional interface stress, this paper derived the P-δ relation for the X-type fiber pulled out of cementitious matrix. By considering the random distributions of the bridging fibers and supposing that rupture of fiber never occurs, it derived the σB-δ relation of a single macro-crack, from which the fracture energy equation was deduced by integral. The derived toughening equations have continuous and explicit forms and are convenient for the approximate estimate of the fracture toughness of the composite. The fracture energy expression suggests that increasing fiber volume fraction, utilizing longer fibers or slender fibers and improving interface bonding are effective methods for improving the composite fracture toughness, while adopting fibers with higher elastic modulus is not a preferred suggestion. It is also found that when using X-type fibers to replace cylindrical fibers with same section area, one can obtain 3~8 times of fracture energy (corresponding leg length-width ratio of the X-type fiber cross section is 5~50).
Experimental Research on Mechanical Properties of ALC Wallboard
Authors: Yang Yan Min , Zhang Yi Ran
Published: October 2011

The new building wall material solid composite sandwich panel consists of panel and inserted layer material-steel wire nets of composite light bar, and it is called ALC ( Autoclaved Lightweight Concrete) wallboard. The transportation, installation of ALC wallboard is required to meet certain strength requirement, and the wallboard can carry the aseismatic behavior and the bending capacity when it is laid into the wall. Therefore, in order to ensure the ALC wallboard can be better applied in practical engineering, the experimental research need to be done on the wallboard mechanical properties, such as impact resistance, hanging force, bending resistance, etc.
A New Type of Cast In Situ Reinforced Concrete Biaxial Hollow Slab with Property of Thermal Insulation
Authors: Xuan Wei Hong , Wan Yong , Chen Yu Zhi , Wang Pan Xiu
Published: October 2011

The construction technology and fundamental principle of a new kind of cast-in-situ reinforced concrete biaxial hollow slab with property of thermal-insulating is proposed in this paper. Compared with ordinary floor, the biaxial hollow slab is well load-carrying capacity in two-direction, light weight and thermal -insulating property.
Research on Shear Properties of Top Story T-Joints in R.C. Frame Structure with Special-Shaped Columns under Low Cyclic Reversals
Authors: Xiong Li Li , Wei Jian Hua
Published: October 2011

On the basis of five prototype top storey T-joints in R.C. frame structure with special-shaped columns, this paper examines shearing characteristic and mechanism. Based on the theory of softened strut-tie, the formulas for shearing strength of top story exterior joints in R.C. frame structure with special-shaped columns are derived. Three calculations are given in this paper, which are theoretical calculation, technical specification calculation and experimental value. The theoretical calculating value is compared with the testing results and the analysis shows that the technical specification formula can ensure high safety.
Evaluation of Multi-Layer Civil Building Structure System Based on Vague Set
Authors: Chai Dan , Yan Wen Zhou
Published: October 2011

Nowadays, there are many systems can be used in multi-layer civil building, such as masonry-concrete structure, cast-in-situ concrete structure and assembled concrete structure. Each of them has its own features, and advantages in different aspects. In this paper, Vague set theory is used to comprehensively evaluate different types of multilayer civil structure system, and conclusion is made that the assembled concrete structure building performs more efficiently in both economic and social aspect, and could be popularized in our building industry.
The Finite Element Analysis on the Local Compression of the Concrete Filled Steel Tubular Column-Beam Joint
Authors: Tang Xu Lin , Cai Jian , Chen Qing Jun , He An , Yang Chun
Published: October 2011

In order to study the mechanical behavior of the joint between concrete filled steel tubular column and beam with discontinuous column tube at the joint zone under axial pressure, the finite element analysis software ANSYS is adopted for parametric analysis and the analysis results are compared with experimental ones. The principal compressive stress is mainly transmitted by the inside area of the joint which is subjected to local compression if it is low, but extends to more outside areas of the joint if it is high. The radial compressive stress, which is the confined stress of the ring beam to the core concrete of the joint, keeps the same as that the width of the ring beam equal to the diameter of the core area of the joint. The vertical strain on the edge of the joint, which would lead to horizontal annular cracks in the side face of the ring beam, changes from tension in the whole height to tension only in the top part and compression in the lower part of the joint, which is consistent with the experimental phenomenon.
New Constitutive Model for Two-Dimensional Jointed Rock Mass
Authors: Xu Qiang , Chen Jian Yun , Li Jing
Published: October 2011

Mechanical analysis for jointed rock mass is very significant in geotechnical engineering. In particular, the mechanical characteristics of jointed rock mass can result in nonlinear response of geotechnical engineering and in consequence mechanical analysis for the engineering is difficult. In order to simulate jointed rock mass, a new equivalent model is proposed for two-dimensional jointed rock mass based on strain energy equivalence principle. Firstly, the equivalent elastic modulus and Poisson's ratio for a horizontal joint in unit square is deduced. Then, the equivalent flexibility matrix for a joint of specified angle in unit square is given. Moreover, the equivalent flexibility matrix for multiple joints, which have different angles in unit square, is obtained. Finally, a numerical simulation is given to verify the model. Compared with other conventional algorithm, the proposed approach has some strong points: it is easy to implement in the finite element program. Furthermore, it provides a new model to compute the deformation of joints and rock and the precision is high.
Theoretical Research on Base Sliding Collapse Performance of Chinese Ancient Timber Buildings
Authors: Zhang Xi Cheng , Zhao Hong Tie , Zhang Feng Liang , Sui Yan
Published: October 2011

In order to study the collapse behaviors due to base sliding of Chinese ancient timber buildings, a simplified model was constructed. The motion equation of the model subjected to horizontal seismic excitation was established, and the maximum relative sliding displacement was derived on a twice filtered Gaussian white noise with mean zero. A formula was given to judge the collapse of base sliding. By comparison of the diameter of column in Song and Qing dynasty with the critical displacement, it is drawn that the maximum slippage can not surpass the radius of the plinth’s top face even when the input excitation reaches 1000gal. The result shows the base-sliding-induced collapse never occurs even when buildings are subjected to super earthquakes.
Reliability Research of Building Fire Based on Numerical Simulation and Uniform Design
Authors: Huang Su Fen , Song Zhi Gang , Li Bin
Published: October 2011

Existing safety study of building fire is mainly based on the ISO834 temperature-time curve, which is a theoretical curve and not fully reflect the influencing factors of fire such as the distribution of fuel and ventilation of the building. Secondly, the reliability analysis of building fire lacks explicit limit state function, especially when the reliability calculation considers the internal force redistribution of the structure. Direct Monte Carlo simulation has no requirement of explicit limit state function, but it needs huge calculation efforts. To solve these two problems, the response surface method is proposed from the view point of numerical simulation and experiment design. Using the fire modeling software CFAST the actual result of temperature and thickness of smoke layer can be obtained. On this basis, the reliability index can be calculated with the response surface method，which can solve the problem of lacking explicit limit state function by regressing multi-variable function based on the inputs and outputs. Uniform design (UD) method can allocate more parameters without greatly increasing the calculation efforts. Using a case the calculation process is explained with. The results show that this method can quickly obtain the reliability index in the premise of less calculation.
An Innovative Calculation Method of Trajectories of Rockfall
Authors: Wei Zuo An , Chen Yu Long , Zhu Bin , Liu Hai Ru
Published: October 2011

Rockfall is a frequent engineering disaster confronted in the capital construction engineering. The key for preventing rock fall is the evaluation of the rockfall trajectory. After extensive analysis, an innovative calculation method of rockfall trajectory, called segmented cycling algorithm, has been proposed in the paper. According to the contact relationship between the rolling stones and the slope surface, the movement divided into three sections which include the jumping phase, the rolling (sliding) phase and collision phase, the formulae to calculate the velocity of different phases of motion are proposed respectively by segmented cycling algorithm. A similar model, based on a rock slope in Chongqing-Wanzhou highway, is established to verify the capability and validity of the presented algorithm. Compared with existing algorithm, the new algorithm is simple and clear, easy to use and so on. The algorithm meets the law of the movement of rockfall and can be used to forecast the kinetic feature of rockfall. It is also used as the basis for rockfall disaster prevention.
Study on the Optimum Moisture of Cement-Solidified Sea Silt Road Embankment Adding Phosphate Tailing
Authors: Zhao Xiao Qing , Sun Yao Dong , Zhang Yong Hong
Published: October 2011

The effect of moisture content on the density and the strength of cement-solidified sea silt road embankment adding phosphate tailing was investigated. The optimum solidifying time was determined based on uniform experimental design method considering the factors of cement content and phosphate tailing content at 5 design levels. The different mix proportions were defined. Utilizing compaction test and unconfined compression strength test, referencing to the fluidity experiment of cement concrete, the optimum moisture content is studied on the basis of theories and tests. The influence factors about the optimum moisture content are discussed.
Experiments Study on Freezing Injury of Railway Subgrade Regulated Using Injecting Salt Method
Authors: Ni Tie Shan
Published: October 2011

In order to study the causes of freezing injury of railway subgrade and find out the effective method to solve this problem, so that the safety and comfort can be guaranteed through traveling. The author analyzes the reasons that cause the freezing injury of railway subgrade and propose injecting salt method to solve this problem through the experiments study on the frozen soil of railway subgrade at Jilin section of Beijing-Harbin line.
Green Building Economic Model and Empirical Evaluation
Authors: Gao Ming Zhe , Li Hui Min , Tang Hua , Cao Qi Nan
Published: October 2011

Based on the analysis of the economic evaluation of green building, taking references of 《Evaluation standards of green building》 (GB / T 50378-2006), indicators reflecting the economy of green building are selected through expert scoring method and fuzzy statistics method .Furthermore, a comprehensive evaluation model is established based on principle of fuzzy mathematics through the application of AHP aiming at determining the index weight. All above is to provide a wider perspective for the economic evaluation of green building.
Seismic Behavior Study on Improving Beam-Column Connections in Portal Frames
Authors: Chu Yun Peng , Yao Yong , Li De Bin
Published: October 2011

The beam-column joints of steel solid-web portal frame has high stress concentration, which cause brittle fracture of plate under reciprocating load. Low reciprocating load test and finite element analysis for three kinds of joints, Discussing the ultimate bearing capacity, hysteretic performance and fracture mechanic properties, Which the results shows that: the bearing capacity of improved joint has grater increased than the joint with endplate keep upright; when load to limit state, the flange plate of joint with endplate keep upright has strong fracture performance, this point has been proved during the experiments; According to the numerical distribution of cracks factor, can qualitative identify dangerous position of component, as a basis of fracture fortification for structure.
Analyze of the Seismic Behavior of Wind Energy Building
Authors: Guan Xiao Jun , Chen Guo Ping , Yang Ying
Published: October 2011

In the recent years, the wind energy building is rapidly developed world wide as a new kind of building style, for its low price and it’s friendly to environment. The wind energy building a combination of wind power and buildings, it could turn wind power into electric energy, which also could relieve the energy scarcity problem to some extent. The wind driven generator and high-rise building structure were integrated, and ANSYS was used to complete the analysis of the behaviors of structures with and without wind generator, under EI-Centro earthquake wave and Taft earthquake wave. By comparing the results of those two models, the feasibility of the wind energy and building integration was verified.
Model Test for Fatigue Performance on New Type Solid Round Rigid Suspender for a High-Speed Railway Bridge
Authors: Zhao Jin Gang , Zhao Ren Da , Zhan Yu Lin
Published: October 2011

This paper presents a study on the fatigue performance of a new type solid round rigid suspender in a high-speed railway bridge. The relevant information about the model design, manufacture, loading procedure and test scheme is presented. The model test results show that the maximum axial stress amplitude are less than the allowable fatigue stress amplitude for most of the measuring points, and no crack occurs on the short and the long suspender models’ body and connection structural detail after 2 million fatigue cycles, the fatigue performance meets the requirement. The bearing capacity test results after fatigue test show that the short and the long suspender models entering plastic state and without fracture under 131% and 119% of the test load. The suspenders’ bearing capacity meets the design requirement. This fatigue model test study shows that the design of the new type solid round rigid suspender is reasonable and safe.
Boiler-Water Treatment by Reverse Osmosis Employing Solar Energy
Authors: Zhang Xian Qiu , Xu Jing Feng , Du Ming Xia , Zhang Yong
Published: October 2011

A boiler-water treatment device main composed of solar energy heater and reverse osmosis was designed Experiments on permeation flow and water quality as functions of temperature caused by solar energy were conducted. The experimental results showed that when the operation pressure was kept at 0.9MPa, permeation flow could increase 35.5%, from 6.5L/min to 8.8L/min if the feed water temperature increased from 18°C to 38°C by solar energy; and the produced water could totally meet Chinese water quality standard for middle or low pressure steam-boiler. On the other hand, if the permeation flow was kept at 8 L/min, the operation pressure would drop by 32.2%, from 1.18MPa to 0.78MPa. Based on these experimental results, economic and environmental analysis on a case of 10m3/h boiler-water treatment device by reverse osmosis employing solar energy were conducted, the results shows great significance for energy saving and environmental pollutants cut. All this showed this new RO system with pre-heating the feed water by solar energy could be widely applied in boiler-water treatment.
Anti-Pollution Behavior Analysis of PVDF UF Membrane Added Different Addition to Filter the Secondary Treated Water of Urban Sewage
Authors: Meng Xiao Rong , Zhao Liang , Wang Lei , Huang Dan Xi
Published: October 2011

In this study, the poly(vinylidene ﬂuoride) (PVDF) Flat ultrafiltration membrane was prepared the gel phase inversion method using different polymer(PEG,PMMA,PVA,PVP) as addition. The flux attenuation and resistance of membrane used for treating the secondary treated water of Urban sewage were studied by ultraﬁltration (UF) experiments. The influence of addition to the morphology structure and anti-fouling performance of PVDF UF membrane was analyzed.Result show that using PVA and PVP as addition, the PVDF membranes had through macropore structure in cross-section and the appearance of larger macrovoids in the porous substructure,with the lower contact angle, high efficiency producing water percentage, good washing recovery rate. Meanwhile, adding PEG and PMMA in membrane,which was easy to form irreversible plugging hole pollution owing to distribute some teardrop deadend hole.
Experimental Study on the Influence of Daylighting Performance of Solar Light Pipes by Dusts and Condensation
Authors: Wu Yan Peng , Wang Xiao Dong , Chen Zi Guang , Zhang Chao Ying
Published: October 2011

Dusts and condensation which exist in the application of solar light pipes can affect daylighting performance. The influence of daylighting performance of solar light pipes by dusts and condensation was studied in this paper. Through measuring daylighting performance of skylight dome on different condensation conditions, it was proved that as the drop’s mean diameter from small to big, the transmitting efficiency is directly proportional to the drop’s mean diameter, and then is inversely proportional to a certain value. Through measuring the overall daylighting performance of solar light pipes on three different conditions—clean, dusts and condensation on sunny and cloudy days, the illuminance flux was obtained. The experimental results indicated that dusts and condensation worsen the daylighting performance of solar light pipes, and dusts had bigger influences than condensation.
Numerical Study on Indoor Air Quality of Commercial Kitchen in China
Authors: Hou Xiao Tan , Li An Gui , Wang Zhi Hua , Zhao Yu Jiao
Published: October 2011

Indoor air quality of commercial kitchen is investigated and analyzed through velocity, temperature, humidity, and CO2 concentration under different air change rate and supply air temperature. the best air change rate is 30 times per hour and air supply temperature is 301.15K for kitchen, the mean value of the minimum velocity and standard deviation is 0.410m/s and 0.129 respectively, the maximum of the average concentration of CO2 is 659.78ppm, which is less than the acceptance criteria (CO2<1000ppm), and the energy utilization coefficient is maximum of 1.352. Research results show that this air supply mode can optimize indoor air quality.
A Review of Treatment Technique of Remaining Sludge Generated during the Process of Sewage Disposal
Authors: Kang Xiao Fei , Liu Sheng Jun , Hu Jia Yong
Published: October 2011

With the flooding construction of sewage treatment plants in cities, the production capacity has being increased rapidly. This paper compares the principium and advantages and disadvantages of the treatment methods systematically and proposes to apply the way to reduce the amount of the sludge on site to reduce the production radically and achieve the completed disposal of pollutant of urban wastewater, taken into account the society, economy and environment.
Study and Prediction on Single-Component Adsorption Equilibrium of VOCs on Activated Carbon
Authors: Cao Li , Huang Xue Min , Ji Feng Li
Published: October 2011

The single-component adsorption equilibrium of VOCs on activated carbon was studied. Results show that the adsorption isotherms of benzene, toluene, ethyl acetate and acetone on activated carbon all fall into type I, according with the characteristics of micropore volume filling, and the Langmuir equation proves to be the best for the fitting of experiments data. The adsorption equilibrium of different adsorbates on the same adsorbent can be predicted by the D-R equation with affinity coefficients, and the prediction precision depends on the calculation method of affinity coefficients. Of the three calculation methods, the method of molar volume is the most precise, secondly the method of parachors, and thirdly the method of molecular polarizability, with average errors 5.9%，10.2% and 27.8% respectively.
Simulation Analysis on Effect of Shading Types on Outdoor Thermal Environment
Authors: Lu Sha , Zhang Lei , Meng Qing Lin
Published: October 2011

Simulating the summer outdoor thermal environment of Exhibition Center in Taizhou with the improved CTTC (cluster thermal time constant) model to quantitatively analyze the effect of shading types on the heat island intensity. The results show that the effect of tree canopy is the most obvious. When the shading coverage ratio is less than 20%, the variations of average heat island intensity with the increased of solar radiation transmissivity is little, and the cooling effect is not significant.
Influence of Weight on Ecological Security Assessment of Urban Atmospheric Environment
Authors: Yu Xiao Feng , Peng Peng , Tang Yi
Published: October 2011

With the accelerated development of urbanization human’s activities are playing an increasing negative impact on ecological security of atmospheric environment especially for urban movement. In order to manage the statement of urban ecological security of air environment as well as its spatial and temporal trends, several measures and methods for resolving the issues are provided in the paper. An assessment system is established with 19 factors and 4 sub-systems based on the atmospheric environment characteristics of Changde through adopting the Pressure-State-Danger-Response (P-S-D-R) model. For guaranteeing the reliability of results two methods are used to determine the weight. The final assessment results indicate that from 2005 to 2009 the composite index for ecological security of atmospheric environment in Changde lies between 0.27-0.87 and the overall trend of quality for ecological security improves gradually which turns to fluctuate between less and more secure and the security threat is not avoided.
Research on Correlation between Formula of Steel Slag Ceramic (CaO-MgO-Al2O3-SiO2 System) and Macro Property
Authors: Zhao Li Hua , Wei Wei , Lian Chao , Zhao Xian Cong , Bai Hao , Cang Da Qiang
Published: October 2011

This paper demonstrated a new approach to the utilization of steel slag and provided a pattern for steel slag ceramic synthesis. Based on previous research on steel slag (converter slag) applied as raw material of ceramic and directed at content of steel slag CaO-MgO-Al2O3(5wt%)-SiO2 system phase diagram was utilized in steel slag ceramic formula designing and augite region was selected. Bending strength of sample could reach 62.26MPa which was higher than national standard. When the content of steel slag was 40wt%, the steel slag ceramic would perform rather high bending strength. Through XRD patterns demonstrated the dominated crystal phases of all ceramic samples were pyroxene group crystals, akermanite existed in some samples also. But bending strengths of ceramics containing akermanite were lower than of samples containing pyroxene purely. Hence, diopside could be considered as the factor of improving ceramic bending strength.
Study on Preparation of Sintered Thermal Insulation Wall Material by High Addition Fly Ash
Authors: Yang Yuan , Xue Qun Hu , Li Shou De
Published: October 2011

Production process of sintered thermal insulation wall material with high content fly ash was investigated in this paper. The proper addition amount of fly ash, the types and addition amount of the binders, the demand of molding and the molding process as well as the schedule of sintering was determined. The results show that: When the addition amount of fly ash is 65wt.%, the plasticity index of mixture mad is still more than 8. The compressive strength of the sintered sample can reach 12MPa; the porosity is in the range of 40-50%; Bulk density is 1.45g/cm3. If the macro porosity of the industrial product is designed as 40%, the final bulk density can reach 1.40g/cm3, and the theoretical thermal conductivity is less than 0.88w/(m2•K). This product can meSuperscript textet the demand of building energy saving and replace traditional external wall thermal insulation materials.
The Depreciation Method of Construction Machinery Based on Gray Relational Theory
Authors: Zhao Ping , Guo Bin , Wang Peng Zhi
Published: October 2011

The depreciation of machinery and equipment of building construction, as an important factor, always plagues the development of their enterprises; How to extract depreciation effectively and reasonably for construction equipment is a problem faced by construction businesses. In this paper, the gray relational theory is used to analysis different depreciation programs by author, and then the author selects the best depreciation program from all programs. The time value of money, the service life span of machinery and equipment and other factors are considered in this paper. A theoretical basis is provided for the construction enterprise to extract depreciation fast and reasonably through analysis these factors. And then the feasibility of the method is verified through the example analysis.
The Studies on Methods for Formulating Energy Consumption Quota of Hospitals in Wuhan
Authors: Du Ran , Li Yu Yun , Ma You Cai
Published: October 2011

Because of short of energy consumption quota and its formulating methods, the paper analyzes the reasonable evaluation indicator and presents three formulating methods based on conventional statistical methods for hospitals according to the energy audit of hospitals in Wuhan. Then, it discusses the benefit and the drawback of the methods respectively and make a comprehensive comparison from difficulty , acceptability, scientificity and feasibility. Finally, it concludes that the method in accordance with bed ranges is more feasible, then gives the value of corresponding quota.
Study on Mechanical Properties Aging of Spray Pure Polyurea for Hydraulic Concrete Protection
Authors: Huang Wei Bo , Xiang Jia Yu , Lv Ping , Li Xin Mao
Published: October 2011

Researches of spray pure polyurea technology for hydraulic concrete protection in water conservancy facilities to ensure long term security operation has a great significance. With an emphasis upon mechanical properties and surface morphology of spray pure polyurea coatings comparing before and after aging by means of the artificial accelerated xenon arc lamp(AAXAL) and scanning electron microscope(SEM) in this paper. Besides, the dry-wet circulation resistance performance of coatings wre analyzed through experiment. It is shown that tensile strength, elongation at break and tear strength of coatings increased by 0.2%, 0.5% and 1.7% respectively after AAXAL aging 720h. By contrast, after aging 3000h the results were 22.6%, 3.8% and 17.4% respectively, the tendency of increasing at first and then reducing can be obtained. The mechanical properties reduced slightly for adding defects of coating surface after aging, however, the resistance performance of ultraviolet ray was excellent. The similar development trend of mechanical properties were gained from dry-wet circulation experiment. After aging 200 cycles, the tensile strength and tear strength descended by 4.1% and 1.7% severally but the elongation at break ascended by 5.0%. In a word, it is suggested that the aging of coatings were negligible in dry-wet circulation in short term.
A Comparison on the Productivity of Lightweight Concrete Wall Method and RC Bearing Wall Method
Authors: Jang Joo Hwan , Jee Nam Yong , Roh Seung Yup
Published: October 2011

It was the much more variation through the development of technology of housing construction and the change of life cycle of occupation and it is the same to construct the apartment. In early age to adopt the apartment, the rahmen method was main course but the RC bearing wall method is the main course nowhere. However, the RC bearing wall method was the course to increase a wet method and to increase a wet method was a longer a construction duration & input an abundant labor and it is the actual condition to drop a qualification for increasing the unit cost of construction & oncoming age of a skilled worker & a skill falling. So, it is going to be higher the demanding of dry wall method to be changeable throughout being the higher of social demanding on the long-life housing of demanding recently. Therefore, in this study, it would compare & analyze the productivity of lightweight concrete dry wall method (LDWM) and the RC bearing wall method (BWM).
Improving on Road Asphalt Mixture High Temperature Performance Analysis
Authors: Zhang Feng Chun
Published: October 2011

according to the road use functions, the article for asphalt mixture of high temperature stability, the low temperature crack performance is analyzed, the results for further study on the asphalt mixture has important significance.
Efficiency of Scrap Rubber Particles on Strength of Cementitious Materials
Authors: Long Guang Cheng , Li Zhe , Xie You Jun
Published: October 2011

An extensive research programme was set up to investigate the efficiency of scrap rubber particles on strength of cementitious materials. The index of strength loss rate of paste and mortar sample caused by increasing 1% volume rubber particles was proposed to analyze the efficiency of rubber particles in cementitious materials. And the corresponding mechanism was also discussed in this paper. Results indicate that in the investigated area, the loss rate in compressive strength both for paste and mortar almost ranges from 2% to 5% caused by increasing 1% rubber particles depending on the total volume of rubber particle added into sample. However, the loss rate in flexural strength of mortar by increasing 1% volume rubber particles is obviously different from that. Three roles of scrap rubber particles played in cementitious materials, named as deformation effect, equivalent-pore effect and hydrophobic effect, are responsible for the efficiency of scrap rubber particles on strength of cementitious material. The efficiency of rubber particles on strength of paste and mortar differs from each other due to the different microstructure between paste and mortar.
Determination of Sulfate Irons in Concrete by Spectrophotometer
Authors: Zhang Qiao Fen , Lu Feng , Jin Zu Quan
Published: October 2011

The regulation of sulfate irons in concrete was determined by spectrophotometer under different conditions, and the comparison between dissolve acid method and weight method was used to determine sulfate irons in this paper. Results show that if the volume of solution is the same, sulfate ions content in concrete decreases with the increase of sample quality, and stabilizes finally. If the sample quality and the volume of solution is the same, sulfate ions content in concrete increase with the increases of temperature, and stabilizes finally. If the soak period is the same, sulfate ions content in concrete gradually become stable. Results show that the sulfate ions content in concrete approximately follow linear distribution by use of spectrophotometer method and the weight method.
The Technical and Economic Analysis about Recycled Concrete
Authors: Li Jie , Guo Ming Qin
Published: October 2011

Concrete is one of the most widely used engineering building material. Using waste concrete to produce recycled aggregate applying in concrete has been highly valued in developed countries, and has achieved significant economic and environmental benefits. China's current large-scale urban construction and road network renovation throughout the country generated a lot of waste concrete, but the technology about the recycled concrete is not widely used. In this paper, from the use of recycled concrete technology, production costs and environmental benefits and other aspects of social, evaluated the recycling using of waste concrete.
Research on the Main Mechanical Capability of Steel Fibers Concrete of Deck Pavement
Authors: Zhang Ling , Shi Zhi Qiang
Published: October 2011

In this article, based on a certain actual project, the main physical and mechanical performance including compressive strength, splitting strength, flexural strength and shear strength are studied in detail through the experiments. Different fiber types and volume ratio are chosen in the experiments for the purpose of determining the best quantities and types of steel fiber in concrete to lengthen the service life of deck pavements. It is showed that the research has some referential value for similar projects.