bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Student Voices on Leadership Training Needs to Care for Underserved Populations
Authors: Mota Andrea Banuelos , Madrigal Anna  Teresa , Zia Stephanie K. , Robinson Jenhi
Published: October 2021

Introduction: Experts suggest that leadership education should begin during medical school. However, little information exists on preferences of medical students on leadership development and particularly of those who want to work with underserved communities. This student-led study surveyed medical students on leadership development skills and perceptions on curricular needs.
Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study using a 26-question survey with Likert scales, multiple choice, and open-ended questions. We anonymously surveyed 83 students (medical school years 1 through 4) at the Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California and conducted a one-time focus group with six students to assess leadership aspirations and training needs. We compared student responses based their desire to serve in underserved communities in their careers.
Results: Medical student desire to practice in underserved communities was greatest among respondents in their first 2 years (62% and 67%), compared to 36% and 53% for respondents in third and fourth year, respectively. Students interested in underserved communities were statistically more likely (t test 2.07, P=.04) to indicate “My well-being may need to be sacrificed in order to serve as a leader,” based on the survey. The survey showed similar top-five leader characteristics (competent, dependable, honest, inspiring, supportive) were valued among all respondents. Optional leadership modules were selected to enhance medical education by the most respondents and could potentially meet their curricular needs.
Conclusion: Our findings show that medical students welcome leadership training opportunities and prefer optional longitudinal modules. Students who plan to practice in underserved communities have similar preferences on training but may need additional support related to maintaining their well-being.
Novgorodskaya Newspaper Ilmen’ (1906–1907): Political Evolution from “Center” to “Left”
Authors:   Novgorod State University, Semenova Alexandra L.
Published: October 2021

The study examines the history of the private Novgorod publication Ilmen’, which emerged in 1906 in the wake of preparations for the elections to the II State Duma. The publication was weekly and came out in only 24 issues, but during this short period it significantly changed its political orientation. This was largely determined by the change of editors: N. Vasilevsky was replaced by M. Rubakin. The newspaper is also interesting in so far as it published letters from the deputy of the Duma from the Novgorod province P.G. Izmailov, a peasant who was a member of the Social Democratic Party. He used the newspaper as a platform for speaking out about important socio-political issues.
Study of the Ways and Nature of the Interaction of Russian Literature and Journalism in a Crisis Era
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Kholikov Aleksey A. ,   A.M. Gorky Institute of World Literature of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: October 2021

By the beginning of the twentieth century, periodicals had become almost the main platform for writers, many of whom acted as journalists in publications that are still inertially characterized by “party” characteristics. The real diversity of positions seems to us more complex and contradictory. On the one hand, the status of a Russian writer as early as the 19th century began to influence the socio-political life of the country. On the other hand, at the turn of the century, journalism, as never before, actively participated in the creation and destruction of writers’ reputations, adapted for the general reader the meanings contained in works of verbal art. The proposed book, the second issue of the new scientific series “Russian Literature and Journalism in the Pre-Revolutionary Era”, is devoted to a multifaceted consideration of these processes.
Russian-Language Periodicals in Finland at the Beginning of the 20th Century: Finljandskaja Gazeta
Authors:   Uniwersytet Warszawski, Lutsevich Lyudmila F.
Published: October 2021

At the turn of the 19th–20th centuries internal political struggle in Russia is escalating, militaristic tendencies in Europe are intensifying. On the “western outskirts” of the empire, anti-Russian, nationalist and separatist sentiments are spreading more and more widely. Under these conditions, the idea of a “united and indivisible Russia” is being actualized as a fundamental principle of state policy. This idea became the core of the process of Russification of the “outskirts”. The government’s Finlyandskaya Gazeta (1900– 1917) became the brainchild of the incipient process of Russification. The newspaper’s ideological pathos, concept, and tasks formulated by its editor I.A. Bazhenov are discussed in this article.
On “Urgent Literature” and its Transformations at the Beginning of the Twentieth Century
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Orlova Ekaterina I. ,   A.M. Gorky Institute of World Literature of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: October 2021

“Urgent literature”, as journalism was called in the 19th century, underwent changes associated with both external factors and the internal logic of its own development at the beginning of the 20th century. Literature and journalism interact in many ways. The mechanisms of this interaction are still not well understood. The peculiarity of the Russian cultural situation lies in the unusually close connection in which not only journalism and literature developed in the 19th century, and especially at the beginning of the 20th century but also the way in which philology did. Poetics as a science is largely shaped by focusing on the current literary process, and the participation of leading scientists as critics noticeably increases the level of journalism.
“Impressionists’ Studio”: between Modernism and Avantgarde
Authors:   Russian World Center, Böhmig Michaela
Published: October 2021

In 1910 Russian cultural life was at a turning point. The death of V. Komissarzhevskaya, M. Vrubel, M. Petipa, A. Kuindzhi, and L. Tolstoy marked the end of an entire epoch. At the same time, several essays published in some of the most important literary magazines of the time exposed the crisis of the symbolist movement, while books such as “Symbolism” by Andrey Bely attempted to give a conclusive account of its ideas. The beginning of a new chapter in the world of Russian art was prefigured in three programmatic works published in 1910: M. Kuzmin’s article “On Beautiful Clarity”, the miscellany “Impressionists’ Studio” edited by N. Kulbin, and the anthology “A Trap for Judges I”, the first collective publication of the Cubo-futurists. The present study focuses on Kulbin’s work and on the miscellany he edited to suggest that this text constitutes both a “bridge” between modernism and the avant-garde and a prototype of subsequent futuristic almanacs.
Correspondence between A.A. Izmailov and I.I. Yasinsky (1915–1916)
Authors:   Institute of Russian Literature (Pushkin House) of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Alexandrov Alexander S.
Published: October 2021

This paper is devoted to the creative connections and relationships between I.I. Yasinsky and A. A. Izmailov. The researchers traced the history of their personal contacts on the eve of the February Revolution. The authors printed their bilateral correspondence from 1915–1916. This publication is accompanied by historical and literary commentaries. The correspondence is devoted to the editorial policy of the newspapers Birzhevye Vedomosti and Petrogradskiy Listok, the activities of the literary society “Strada” and the literary association “Vechera Sluchevsky”. The personality of L.N. Andreev, with whom both contemporaries communicated closely during this period, is also at the center of their correspondence.
A realidade da morfologia endodôntica nas raízes vestibulares fusionadas dos segundos molares superiores
Authors: Fonseca Milano Nicolau , Augusto Gomes da Silva Carlos , Schroeder de Lima Luiz Eduardo
Published: October 2021

There is doubts about the endodontic morphology of the buccal region of the upper second molar when it showed the buccal roots fusioned. This paper was performed to determine the number of root canal when the tooth presents the buccal roots fusioned. Fifthy nine upper second molars that presented the buccal roots fusioned, extracted for different reasons without atention to age, sex or race, was used. After the cross-cuting at the anatomic neck the root canal was opened by endodontic instruments and painted with black ink, for best visualisation. Finaly the roots were sliced with burs in the cervico-apical direction. We found four groups of teeth based in the number of root canal and/or apex foramen.
Editorial: New horizons and developments in the field of corporate governance, regulatory imperatives, and control mechanisms in the emerging countries
Authors: Hundal Shab
Published: October 2021

On behalf of the Editorial team, I feel proud to introduce Issue 4 of Volume 10 (2021) of the Journal of Governance and Regulation. The current issue includes scholarly articles falling in the purview of a wide range of research themes, for example, managerial competencies, consumer relationship intention, accounting standards, principal-agent dynamics, public health emergency, innovation, and fiscal policy, among others.
A NOVEL OCCUPANT DETECTION-BASED VENTILATION CONTROL STRATEGY FOR SMART BUILDING APPLICATIONS
Authors: TURHAN Cihan , ÇETER Aydın Ege
Published: October 2021

Traditional ventilation systems supply fresh air to the building on a consistent basis, however, do not ensure adequate comfortable areas in indoor environments. On the other hand, smart ventilation systems adjust indoor environment parameters optionally by occupancy schedules to provide desired indoor air quality while minimizing energy consumption. ASHRAE Standard 62, which shows ventilation strategies for acceptable indoor air quality, uses steady-state occupancy detection algorithms, however, dynamic methods are required behind simulation studies. To this aim, this study presents a dynamic novel ventilation control strategy by detecting occupants in an office building in Ankara-Turkey. The novel control strategy includes deployment of several sensors which measure carbon dioxide concentration, indoor air temperature and position of the door. A prototype of the controller is manufactured and tested in a real environment with the help of regulation of air flow in HVAC system. The proposed control strategy is tested between January 1st, 2020 and August 15th, 2020 and compared with traditional controller in terms of thermal comfort and energy consumption. The results showed that proposed controller decreased energy consumption by 16% while satisfying thermal comfort for the 94% of total number of occupants.
Intraoperative hyperglycemic stress response and tissue perfusion in cardiac surgery
Authors: Demir Aslı , BALCI EDA , Özay Hülya Yiğit , BAHÇECİTAPAR MELİKE
Published: October 2021

Background and aim of the study Approximately 30% of patients
undergoing cardiac surgery have a history of diabetes and 60-80% of
patients without diabetes have stress hyperglycemia. We examined
patients undergoing cardiac surgery to determine the presence of stress
hyperglycemia and its relationship to tissue perfusion. Methods
Hemodynamic parameters, central venous oxygen saturation, lactate,oxygen
delivery and consumption, oxygen extraction rate were analyzed at four
intraoperative time points. Results The stress-induced hyperglycemic
response during cardiac surgery was more severe in patients without
diabetes. When focusing on the oxygen extraction rate in terms of tissue
oxygenation, diabetic patients had 1.22 times higher and significant
oxygen extraction rate than non-diabetic patients. Conclusions Although
lactate values were slightly higher and central venous oxygen saturation
were slightly lower in the diabetic group, considering the fact that
oxygen extraction rate reflects the total outcome of small changes in
all these parameters, we can emphasize the conclusion that diabetic
patients undergoing cardiac surgery have greater tissue oxygen
demand/supply imbalance compared to non-diabetic patients. In our study,
this tissue oxygenation defect in diabetic patients was not found to be
directly correlated with blood glucose levels. Perhaps, even if the
disease is under control, the negative effects of diabetes on all
systems have accumulated and led to such a result.
A new framework for modelling seed germination and seedling tillering of winter wheat in the field
Authors: Chen Jinping , Whalley Peter , Gao Yang , zhang xiaoxian , Hawkesford Malcolm J. , whalley richard
Published: October 2021

Seed germination is regulated by multiple environmental cues and
understanding their relationships is critical to planning seed drilling
and subsequent seedling management. We develop a new framework by
viewing the metabolic reactions associated with seed germination as a
moving event in a physiological dimension to simulate seed germination.
Fluctuations in environmental cues and genetic heterogeneity of seed lot
make the metabolic reactions in each seed uncertain, and we use an
average germination rate to describe the average metabolic reactions and
a dispersion coefficient to describe the genetic heterogeneity. We apply
the model to winter wheat seeds drilled at different dates in plots
under different soil water contents and prove that the model accurately
reproduces the time course of germination in all treatments. We found
the average germination rate increases nonlinearly with temperature in
the base-suboptimal temperature range, and there is an optimal soil
water content where the germination rate peaks due to soil anaerobicity.
Our model can be fitted to field data using temperature and soil water
content to describe the trade-off impact of soil water on soil
anaerobicity and imbibition, whereas the difficulty of obtaining
accurate water potential and oxygen measurements makes this difficult
with the hydrothermal time models.
Gastight Rotating Cylinder Electrode: Towards Decoupling Mass Transport and Intrinsic Kinetics in Electrocatalysis
Authors: Morales-Guio Carlos , Jang Joonbaek , Rüscher Martina , Winzely Maximilian
Published: October 2021

Decoupling and understanding the various mass, charge and heat transport
phenomena involved in the electrocatalytic transformation of small
molecules (i.e. CO2, CO, H2, N2, NH3, O2, CH4) is challenging but it can
be readily achieved using dimensionless quantities (i.e. Reynolds,
Sherwood, Schmidt, Damköhler, Nusselt, Prandtl, and Peclet Numbers) to
simplify the characterization of systems with multiple interacting
physical phenomena. Herein we report the development of a gastight
rotating cylinder electrode cell with well-defined mass transport
characteristics that can be applied to experimentally decouple mass
transfer effects from intrinsic kinetics in electrocatalytic systems.
The gastight rotating cylinder electrode cell enables the dimensionless
analysis of electrocatalytic systems and should enable the rigorous
research and development of electrocatalytic technologies.
Use of Dolomite Catalyst in Biodiesel Production via Transesterification of Waste Cooking in Oscillatory Baffled Reactor
Authors: Ali Mudher , Gheni Saba , AQAR DHIA , Ahmed Safaa , Abdullah Ghassan
Published: October 2021

Biodiesel has lately gained popularity due to its environmental issues
and the fact that it is generated from renewable resources. However, the
cost of synthesis of biodiesel is the major impediment toward
commercialization. The utilization of leftover cooking oils as raw
material, the adaptation of a continuous transesterification process,
and the use of cheap catalysts are the major possibilities for
investigation the cost of biodiesel. In this work, a dolomite catalyst
was prepared from natural dolomite rocks and used for the evaluation of
continuous transesterification of biodiesel from waste cooking oil
(WCO). The dolomite catalyst was prepared by activation under vacuum at
a surface area of 34.5 m2/g. The characterization tests showed good
thermal stability of the catalyst and evolution of the CaO and MgO
compounds at high concentrations. A kinetic study was conducted to
obtain kinetic parameters of catalytic transesterification of the WCO.
Ergodic Stationary Distribution of Hepatitis C Virus Model Incorporating Two Treatment Effects
Authors: Abdullahi Auwal
Published: October 2021

In this paper, the dynamics of Hepatitis C infectious disease model with
two treatment effects are studied through the Ito Stochastic
Differential Equations (SDEs). While the first treatment rate reduces
the reproduction of virion, the other mitigates the new infections.
Though the deterministic behaviour of the model has been extensively
studied, little is known about its stochastic properties. Thus, we
examine sufficient conditions for the existence and uniqueness of the
ergodic stationary distribution of the model via stochastic Lyapunov
approach. The existence of a unique positive solution is also studied.
The numerical simulations of the SDE model are performed through the
Euler-Maruyama method and compared with their deterministic
counterparts. The results obtained by SDEs are found to conform to those
reported through their deterministic analogues.
Drivers of neutral and adaptive differentiation in pike (Esox lucius) populations from contrasting environments
Authors: Sunde Johanna , Yıldırım Yeşerin , Tibblin Petter , Bekkevold Dorte , Skov Christian , Nordahl Oscar , Larsson Per , Forsman Anders
Published: October 2021

Understanding how eco-evolutionary processes and environmental factors
drive population differentiation and adaptation are key challenges in
evolutionary biology of relevance for biodiversity protection.
Differentiation requires at least partial reproductive separation, which
may result from different modes of isolation such as geographic
isolation (allopatry) or isolation by distance (IBD), resistance (IBR),
and environment (IBE). Despite that multiple modes might jointly
influence differentiation, studies that compare the relative
contributions are scarce. Using RADseq, we analyse neutral and adaptive
genetic diversity and structure in 11 pike (Esox lucius) populations
along a latitudinal gradient (54.9 - 63.6°N), to investigate the
relative effects of IBD, IBE and IBR, and to assess whether the effects
differ between neutral and adaptive variation, or across structural
levels. Patterns of neutral and adaptive variation differed, likely
reflecting that they have been differently affected by stochastic and
deterministic processes. The importance of the different modes of
isolation differed between neutral and adaptive diversity, yet were
consistent across structural levels. Neutral variation was influenced by
interactions among all three modes of isolation, with IBR (seascape
features) playing a central role, wheares adaptive variation was mainly
influenced by IBE (environmental conditions). Taken together, this and
previous studies suggest that it is common that multiple modes of
isolation interactively shape patterns of genetic variation, and that
their relative contributions differ among systems. To enable
identification of general patterns and understand how various factors
influence the relative contributions, it is important that several modes
are simultaneously investigated in additional populations, species and
environmental settings.
Modern Orthosis Therapy for Scoliosis, Kyphosis and other postural defects. Report by Dr. David Rosenberg, M.D. of Georgia and colleagues.
Authors: Diamandis Dr. Carolina , Tudor Adrian , Rosenberg David
Published: October 2021

As a conservative form of treatment for scoliosis and kyphosis (postural
deficits), orthotic therapy still represents the gold standard of
non-surgical orthopedics. In light of increasingly frequent
complications due to dangerous wound infections caused by
multi-resistant germs, it is to be expected that the treatment of
clinically relevant postural deformities will again be increasingly
conservative in the future. Apart from “saving” the patient from
wearing an orthosis, surgical (invasive) treatment has not been proven
to be superior.
The cost/benefit of sending cerebrospinal fluid for analysis on all lumbar punctures in pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia patients
Authors: Wilson Janet , Liebman Mira , Johnston Donna
Published: October 2021

Central nervous system (CNS) relapse in pediatric acute lymphoblastic
leukemia (ALL) patients is uncommon. The cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of
patients with ALL is routinely sampled at each intrathecal chemotherapy
treatment to screen for CNS relapse, which is both time-consuming and
resource-intensive and must be completed approximately 30 times per
patient throughout treatment. Our objective was to examine the
cost-effectiveness of the routine screening on all CSF samples for CNS
relapse in ALL patients, and to identify if CNS relapse can be detected
clinically. We identified all patients diagnosed with ALL at the
Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario (CHEO) between January 2001 and
June 2021. We collected the total number of CSF samples in these
patients and the number of CSF samples positive for CNS relapse. An
in-depth chart review on the patients who relapsed in the CNS was
completed to identify their symptoms at relapse. Over the study period,
351 patients were diagnosed with ALL and underwent a total of 6515 LPs,
each of which examined a CSF sample. The cost of CSF sample analysis is
$14.32, thus, the total cost for the study sample was $93,294.80.
There were 14 CNS relapses and although symptoms including headache,
vomiting and fatigue were common, two patients were asymptomatic at
relapse. Given the marginal cost of routine CSF screening and the lack
of specific and sensitive symptoms for CNS relapse, we conclude that the
routine practice of sending all CSF samples for analysis of CNS relapse
in ALL patients is cost-effective and beneficial.
Testing the efficiency of emerging markets: Evidence from nonlinear panel unit tests
Authors: Turguttopbaş Neslihan , Omay Tolga
Published: October 2021

In this study, we investigate market efficiency considering nonlinearities by testing the weak-form market efficiency of the stock markets of Brazil, China, Russia, Turkey, and South Africa using recently proposed nonlinear panel unit root tests. The stock markets of these emerging countries are deliberately selected for their market capitalization to form a homogenous panel. The results of nonlinear models indicate that the stock market indexes are stationary and weak-form inefficient. This finding contributes to the contradictory results of the prior research using linear and nonlinear models about the efficiency of emerging stock markets in favor of nonlinear ones. Furthermore, we propose that studies using financial variables consider such nonlinearity in order to achieve more accuracy in findings related to such studies.
A theory of variations via P-statistical convergence
Authors: Demirci Kamil , Djurcic Dragan , Kocinac Ljubisa , Yıldız Sevda
Published: October 2021

We introduce some notions of variation using the statistical convergence with
respect to power series method. By the use of the notions of variation, we
prove criterions that can be used to verify convergence without using limit
value. Also, some results that give relations between P-statistical
variations are studied.
Novel Human Insulin Isoforms and Cα-peptide Product in Islets of Langerhans and Choroid Plexus
Authors: Liu Qing-Rong , Zhu Min , Zhang Pingbo , Mazucanti Caio H. , Huang Nicholas S. , Lang Doyle L. , Chen Qinghua , Auluck Pavan , Marenco Stefano , O’Connell Jennifer F. , Ferrucci Luigi , Chia Chee W. , Egan Josephine M.
Published: October 2021

Human insulin (INS)
gene diverged from the ancestral genes of invertebrate and mammalian species millions
of years ago. We previously found that mouse insulin gene (Ins2)
isoforms are expressed in brain choroid plexus (ChP) epithelium cells where
insulin secretion is regulated by serotonin and not by glucose. We further compared
human INS isoform expression in postmortem ChP and islets of
Langerhans. We uncovered novel INS upstream open reading frame
(uORF) isoforms and their protein products. In addition, we found a novel
alternatively spliced isoform that translates to a 74-amino acid (AA)
proinsulin containing a shorter 19-AA C-peptide sequence, herein designated Ca-peptide. The middle portion of the conventional C-peptide contains b-sheet
(GQVEL) and hairpin (GGGPG) motifs that are not present in Ca-peptide. Islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP) is not
expressed in ChP and its amyloid formation was inhibited in vitro by Ca-peptide more efficiently than by C-peptide. Of clinical
relevance, the ratio of the 74-AA proinsulin to proconvertase processed Ca-peptide was significantly increased in islets from type 2
diabetes mellitus (T2DM) autopsy donors. Intriguingly, 100 years after the
discovery of insulin we found that INS isoforms are present in
ChP from insulin-deficient autopsy donors.
Active Brown Adipose Tissue is Associated With a Healthier Metabolic Phenotype in Obesity
Authors: Herz Carsten T. , Kulterer Oana C. , Prager Marlene , Schmöltzer Christoph , Langer Felix B. , Prager Gerhard , Marculescu Rodrig , Kautzky-Willer Alexandra , Hacker Marcus , Haug Alexander R. , Kiefer Florian W.
Published: October 2021

Obesity is associated with
increasing cardiometabolic morbidity and mortality worldwide. Not everyone with
obesity, however, develops metabolic complications. Brown adipose tissue (BAT)
has been suggested as a promoter of leanness and metabolic health. To date,
little is known about the prevalence and metabolic function of BAT in subjects
with severe obesity, a population at high cardiometabolic risk. In this
cross-sectional study, we included 40 individuals with WHO class II-III obesity
(BMI ≥ 35 kg/m2). Employing a 150-minute personalized cooling
protocol and 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed
tomography, cold-activated BAT was detectable in 14 (35%) of the participants. Cold-induced
thermogenesis was significantly higher in participants with detectable BAT
compared to those without. Notably, individuals with obesity and active BAT had
28.8% lower visceral fat mass despite slightly higher total fat mass compared
to those without detectable BAT 18F-FDG uptake. This was accompanied
by lower insulin resistance and systemic inflammation and improved NAFLD
parameters, all adjusted for age, sex, and percent body fat. Contrary to
previous assumptions, we show here that a significant fraction of individuals
with severe obesity has active BAT. We found that decreased BAT 18F-FDG
uptake was not associated with adiposity per se but with higher visceral fat
mass. In summary, active BAT is linked to a healthier metabolic phenotype in
obesity.
Benefits of outpatient cardiac rehabilitation in an adult patient with coarctation of the aorta and moyamoya disease
Authors: Zhang Ruiwen , Chen Cong , H.K. Yeung Eric , Yiu Kai-Hang
Published: October 2021

Case report: We report the effect of a 6-week outpatient (phase II) cardiac rehabilitation in a 38-year-old man with post-stented coarctation of the aorta, moyamoya disease and hypertension. The cardiac rehabilitation programme comprised physiotherapist-guided aerobic exercises, resistance training and relaxation exercises. Clinical and functional assessment was performed before and after the cardiac rehabilitation programme.
Discussion: There is a lack of recommendations to guide cardiac rehabilitation in patients with coarctation of the aorta. This case not only had coarctation of the aorta, but also had moyamoya disease and hypertension. A cardiac rehabilitation programme after surgery provided meaningful improvements in all outcomes, including exercise capacity, clinical outcomes, quality of life and depression symptoms. Systematic cardiac rehabilitation was found to be feasible in this patient with coarctation of the aorta, and may have the potential to benefit more patients.
Conclusion: Cardiac rehabilitation resulted in significant clinical and functional improvements in this case with coarctation of the aorta following surgery. Guidelines should be implemented to provide safe and effective cardiac rehabilitation in such patients. Furthermore, large-scale studies are needed to evaluate the clinical benefits of structured cardiac rehabilitation in patients following cardiac surgery.
Patch Testing with Propolis of Different Geographical Origins in a Baseline Series
Authors: Nyman Gunnar S. A. , Giménez‐Arnau Ana Maria , Grigaitiene Jurate , Malinauskiene Laura , Paulsen Evy , Hagvall Lina
Published: October 2021

The chemical composition of propolis varies with geographical origin; however, it is not known whether this affects the frequency of contact allergy to propolis. In order to study the frequency of contact allergy to propolis of different geographical origins and concomitant reactions, 1,470 consecutive patients with dermatitis from Denmark, Lithuania and Spain were patch tested with propolis from China, Lithuania, North America and Sweden, and with a baseline series. Patch test reactions to any type of propolis ranged from 1.3% to 5.8%. There were no statistically significant differences in the frequency of positive reactions between the 4 types of propolis in the respective countries. Testing with a single commercially available type of propolis detects only approximately half of propolis-allergic patients. In patients allergic to propolis, concomitant reactions to Myroxylon pereirae resin, colophonium and Fragrance mix I were common, ranging from 12.5% to 50.0%.
Effect of cold and heat therapies on pain relief in patients with delayed onset muscle soreness: A network meta-analysis
Authors: Wang Yutan , Lu Hongmei , Li Sijun , Zhang Yuanyuan , Yan Fanghong , Huang Yanan , Chen Xiaoli , Yang Ailing , Han Lin , Ma Yuxia
Published: October 2021

Objective: To comprehensively compare the effectiveness of cold and heat therapies for delayed onset muscle soreness using network meta-analysis.Methods: Eight Chinese and English databases were searched from date of establishment of the database to 31 May 2021. Cochrane risk-of-bias tool was used to analyse the included randomized controlled trials. Potential papers were screened for eligibility, and data were extracted by 2 independent researchers.Results: A total of 59 studies involving 1,367 patients were eligible for this study. Ten interventions were examined: contrast water therapy, phase change material, the novel modality of cryotherapy, cold-water immersion, hot/warm-water immersion, cold pack, hot pack, ice massage, ultrasound, and passive recovery. Network meta-analysis results showed that: (i) within 24 h after exercise, hot pack was the most effective for pain relief, followed by contrast water therapy; (ii) within 48 h, the ranking was hot pack, followed by the novel modality of cryotherapy; and (iii) over 48 h post-exercise, the effect of the novel modality of cryotherapy ranked first.Conclusion: Due to the limited quality of the included studies, further well-designed research is needed to draw firm conclusions about the effectiveness of cold and heat therapies for delayed onset muscle soreness.
Lay abstractThe effects of different methods of cold and heattherapy on pain in patients with delayed onset muscle soreness are debated, and there is uncertainty regard­ing the most effective of these therapies. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of different cold and heat treatments on pain in patients with delayed onset muscle soreness. Using network meta-analysis and rank­ing, it was found that, within 48 h post-exercise, use of hot-pack was superior to other interventions, whereas, over 48 h post-exercise, cryotherapy was the optimal intervention for pain relief in patients with delayed onset muscle soreness.
Quality of Life Score Difference Based on Chronic Otitis Media Outcome Test-15 (COMOT-15) Questionnaire on Chronic Supurative Otitis Media Patients with and without Cholesteatoma at Sanglah General Hospital
Authors: Setiawan E. P. , Meregawa M. R. R. D.
Published: October 2021

Introduction: Chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) is a chronic infection in the middle ear with perforation of the tympanic membrane and persistent or intermittent secretion from the middle ear which is more than two months. It causes a pathological condition in the ear which results in limited hearing function in a person and will affect the quality of life of the patients. Quality of life assessment is carried out to assess the patient's condition and an instrument is needed to be able to evaluate the condition of CSOM patients. Currently, there are several questionnaires that can be used to assess the quality of life of people with CSOM. One of them is the Chronic Otitis Media Outcome Test (COMOT-15) which is a valid measuring tool to subjectively assess the quality of life of people with CSOM. 

Methods: This study was an observational study with a cross sectional study design.

Results: There was a difference in quality-of-life scores between CSOM patients with and without cholesteatoma types with mean score 26.87 (95% CI 22.28- 31.47) (p<0.001).

Conclusion: There was a difference in quality-of-life scores between CSOM patients with and without cholesteatoma types at Sanglah General Hospital, Denpasar.
Role and Impact of Operating Theatre Background Music on Users and Patients: Opinion of Theatre Staff
Authors: Ijah Rex Friday Ogoronte A. , Elenwo Solomon N. , Dayi Joy O. , Aaron Friday E. , Oko-Jaja Rose E. , Ofuru Vitalis O.
Published: October 2021

Aim: To determine the opinion of operating theatre users on the role of operating theatre background music on theatre users and patients in tertiary health care facilities in Port Harcourt.

Background: The relationship between music and health has been described by researchers. Music has been used in several hospital settings with effects which some consider beneficial and others harmful.

Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out among theatre users from March to June 2020 in two multispecialty tertiary healthcare facilities in Port Harcourt Nigeria. Using the convenience sampling method, data collected with pretested semi-structured questionnaires were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20.0.

Results: One hundred and twenty-one (82.9%) respondents asserted to knowledge of relationship between music and stress hormone. 97 (66.4%) agreed that music has positive effect on workers in the operating theatre. One hundred and seventeen (80.1%) respondents were of the opinion that background music in the operating theatre is not a distraction, while 22 (15.1%) respondents felt otherwise. One hundred and forty-four (98.8%) respondents agreed to usefulness of background music while at work. High proportion of respondents who lack knowledge of the relationship between stress hormone and music had no preference for operating theatre background music and the relationship was statistically significant (P<0.05).

Conclusion: Operating theatre background music is useful as opined by the majority of operating theatre staff, though its preference is low among those with less knowledge of the positive relationship between such music and stress hormones.
CURRENT QUESTIONS OF LAW ENFORCEMENT PRACTICE ON THE APPLICATION OF LEGISLATION ON ENFORCEMENT PROCEEDINGS: THE EXPERIENCE OF THE TWELFTH ARBITRATION COURT OF APPEAL
Authors: SHARAEV S.Yu. , VALEEV D.Kh. , VOLKOVA T.V.
Published: October 2021

This research is a scholarly and practical analysis of the Twelfth Arbitration Court of Appeals’ 2019–2021 consideration of enforcement law disputes and includes selected scholarly judgments based on law enforcement practice. According to statistics, between 2019 and 6 months of 2021, a total of 30,641 cases were heard by the Twelfth Arbitration Court of Appeals, of which disputes related to the application of legislation on enforcement proceedings – 425 cases, which amounted to 1.4% of all cases heard by the court. In 2019, the court considered 14,880 cases, of which disputes related to the application of the legislation on enforcement proceedings – 177 cases, or 1.2% of all cases considered by the court. As for the cases of this category, 25 judicial acts of the courts of first instance were cancelled (changed) by way of appeal, which amounted to 14.1% of the cases of this category. In 2020, the court considered 10,931 cases, including 172 disputes related to application of the legislation on enforcement proceedings, or 1.6% of all cases considered by the court. As for the cases of this category, 18 judicial acts of the first instance courts were cancelled (changed) by way of appeal, which amounted to 10.5% of all cases of this category. In the first half-year of 2021 the court considered 4,830 cases, of which 76 cases (1.6% of all cases considered by the court) were disputes concerning application of the legislation on enforcement proceedings. As for the cases of this category, 12 judicial acts of the courts of first instance were cancelled (changed) by way of appeal, which amounted to 15.8% of all cases of this category.
REVIEW ON THE E.A. IVANOVA’S BOOK “AGREEMENTS IN THE FIELD OF CIVIL JURISDICTION: PROCEDURAL AND LEGAL ASPECT”
Authors: GRUBTSOVA S.P.
Published: October 2021

The review presents the book by E.A. Ivanova “Agreements in the Field of Civil Jurisdiction: Procedural and Legal Aspect”. According to the reviewer, in modern conditions there is a tendency towards strengthening of private law principles and the development of dispositiveness in the context of civil procedural law, which is associated, in particular, with the implementation of the ideas of economic freedom and market economy within the framework of civil circulation and the transformation of legal institutions of substantive branches of law. Proceeding from this, there is a need for new doctrinal, lawmaking and law enforcement approaches on the issue of empowering legal participants in the independent choice of forms and methods of protecting violated rights, as well as in order to influence the dynamics of procedural legal relations. This is possible through the use in legislation of the full potential of procedural agreements, the theoretical development of which was carried out in the book under review, meaningfully revealing the key aspects of the indicated problem.
LYING OF A PARTY IN THE ARBITRATION COURT AS A PROCEDURAL LEGAL FACT
Authors: SULTANOV A.R.
Published: October 2021

The study puts forward the idea that the development of the principle of good faith in civil law should seriously affect the arbitration process and should make it unprofitable to lie in court. Among other things, we believe that it is possible to raise the question of using the legislator’s approach without the culpable occurrence of negative consequences of false assurances about circumstances in the conduct of entrepreneurial activity. The author also argues that there should be no deception of the court, because any decision based on a lie is not justice and is contrary to the rule of law. In a situation where deception does occur, there must be a mechanism to rectify the situation and level out the consequences of the deception. As a kind of substantiation of the above ideas, the author uses a reference to the principle of direct examination of evidence, which is enshrined in Articles 10 and 71 of the APC RF and obligates the court to directly examine and perceive all evidence in the case, including hearing explanations of persons involved in the case, testimony of witnesses, expert opinions, review written evidence, examine the physical evidence. Compliance with this principle guarantees the personal perception of the judges of the arbitration court of all evidence, which is probably one of the most significant guarantees of justice.
Quantitative Distribution of English and Indonesian Motion Verbs and Its Typological Implications: A case study with the English and Indonesian versions of the Twilight novel
Authors: Rajeg Gede Primahadi Wijaya , Pamphila Utei Charaleghy
Published: October 2021

This paper investigates the quantitative distribution (type and token frequencies, and type-per-token ratio [TTR]) of motion verbs found in English and Indonesian versions of the novel Twilight (Meyer, 2005; Sari, 2008). The study is contextualized within two divergent views on the typological characteristics of Indonesian lexicalization patterns of motion events. One study (Son, 2009) suggests that Indonesian behaves like English, representing a satellite-framed pattern (i.e., lexicalizing Manner of motion in the main verb) while another study (Wienold, 1995) argues for the verb-framed nature of Indonesian (i.e., lexicalizing Path of motion in the main verb). We seek to offer a quantitative perspective to these two proposals. Our study shows that, compared to English, Indonesian has significantly higher number (i.e., types) and occurrences (i.e., tokens) of Path verbs (reflecting the verb-framed pattern). Moreover, the higher TTR value of Path verbs for Indonesian shows a greater lexical diversity in the inventory of Indonesian Path verbs compared to English. In contrast, the English Manner verbs are significantly higher in number and in token frequency than Indonesian (suggesting the satellite-framed pattern), and show greater lexical diversity given the higher TTR value. While these findings lean toward supporting the verb-framed pattern of Indonesian (Wienold, 1995), we caution with the limitation of our conclusion and offer suggestions for future study.
The Semantic Field of Ngethok 'to Cut' and Sociocultural Factors in Javanese Society: Sociosemantic Study
Authors: Atmawati Dwi
Published: October 2021

This research is motivated by the decreasing awareness of some people towards the preservation of the Javanese language, especially the younger generation. In their daily communication, some of them do not speak Javanese but speak Indonesian. In fact, in Javanese, there is a complex and complete lexicon that can express livelihoods, such as farming. At this time, these activities are starting to be abandoned due to technological developments and changing mindsets. This study aims to find and explain the semantic components of the lexicon of the verb ngethok [ngǝthͻ?] 'to cut' and its lexemes and socio-cultural factors contained in the meaning of each lexeme. This research used a qualitative descriptive method and sociosemantic approach. The data was taken in the Borobudur area, Magelang Regency, Central Java Province. Data collection was carried out by interviewing, recording, and taking notes. In this study, three informants were used. The results of this study indicate that the lexicon of the verb ngethok 'to cut' has fifteen lexemes, namely mancung, mapras, mbabat, mbacok, mlathok, munthes, ngarit, nugel, nggraji, nggunting, ngiris, nyacah, nyembeleh, nyeset, and nyigar. Each lexeme has different lexical meanings. The socio-cultural factors of the community that are revealed in the ngethok ‘to cut’ lexicon and its lexemes are people who live in villages and work as farmers, people who work using traditional tools, people have a simple mindset and a strong spirit of mutual cooperation, and people help selflessly.
Development of international law on intellectual property and the legislative reforms in Ukraine
Authors: Kravchuk Oleksiy , Balynska Olha , Hurkovskyy Maryan , Savchyn Halyna , Onyshko Oksana
Published: October 2021

This article provides an empirical approach of the international states for the development of international law on intellectual property that can further assist for the Ukraine’s legislative reforms in the domain of intellectual property. The significant concerns and opportunities for strengthening intellectual property rights and legal enforcement on the way to European incorporation have been discussed extensively. The findings of the research assist to apply established methods to law and particular government policy on intellectual property implementation.
MEASURING THE QUALITY OF HIGHER EDUCATION SERVICES DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC: A CASE STUDY OF UNIVERSITAS MURIA KUDUS
Authors: Rangga Primadasa Muhkhammat Sahrul Gunawan, Dian Erliana Febriyanti,
Published: October 2021

The spread of Covid-19 led to changes in Higher Education services at Universitas Muria Kudus, where the learning system was carried out online. Servperf is a method for measuring the performance of performance-based service quality. This method is used in this study, where five dimensions of service quality, namely tangible, reliability, responsiveness, assurance, and empathy are used as the basis. The literature review was conducted to obtain 15 indicators. From the results of distributing questionnaires based on these 15 indicators, 118 respondents were students of Universitas Muria Kudus. From the tangible dimensions, the average score is 3, the average reliability dimension score is 3.358757, the Responsiveness dimension has an average score of 3.180791, The Assurance dimension has an average score of 3.217514, and the Empathy dimension has an average score of 2.988701. Whereas the highest score indicator was obtained namely the lecturer workforce was able to communicate and present the material well in online learning with an average score of 3.51. Meanwhile, the lowest indicators are indicators namely Ease of access and internet connection during online learning and the learning process that is easy to understand by students during online learning with the same average score of 2.67.
ANALISIS PENERAPAN 5R PADA PT SUKUN TRANSPORT LOGISTIK
Authors: Gunawan Muhkhammat Sahrul
Published: October 2021

5S yang dikembangkan di jepang, disebut 5S (Seiri, Seiton, Seiso, Seiketsu, dan Shitsuke) yang merupakan sarana mencapai Efisiensi, Produktivitas, Kualitas, dan Keselamatan Kerja. Pengambilan topik 5S pada laporan ini dilakukan berdasar penghayatan bahwa tenaga kerja plus budaya 5S merupakan harta utama bagi perusahaan. Tujuan dari laporan ini adalah untuk mengetahui kondisi area kerja di perusahaan PT Sukun Transport logistik dengan penerapan 5S. Kelebihan dari adanya implementasi tersebut antara lain membantu perusahaan dalam membenahi pola pikir pekerja terhadap pembiasaan 5S di area kerja. Sedangkan untuk kekurangan dari implementasinya adalah semua pihak harus melibatkan dirinya dalam penerapan 5S dengan cara meluangkan sebagian waktunya dalam menunjang kerapian dan kebersihan di area kerja. Penerapan 5S yang dilakukan oleh perusahaan adalah dengan melakukan pembuatan alur pelaksanaan 5S dan kebersihan terhadap lantai yang yang kurang bersih di area bengkel. Selain itu, perusahaan sudah melakukan pembuatan layout untuk area bengkel. Adapun rekomendasi perbaikan yang digunakan sebagai penunjang pelaksanaannya antara lain menyusun standarisasi dan prosedur pelaksanaan, melaksanakan training, menerapkan layout tetap, penetapan jadwal inspeksi, dan penentukan jadwal piket.