bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENGEMBANGAN DAN IMPLEMENTASI DESAIN PEMBELAJARAN SHARING AND JUMPING TASK PADA MATERI PEREAKSI PEMBATAS UNTUK MENUMBUHKAN KETERAMPILAN KOLABORATIF PESERTA DIDIK
Authors: Aqmarina Najdin , Supriatna Asep , Hendayana Sumar
Published: March 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menumbuhkan keterampilan kolaboratif peserta didik selamapembelajaran melalui implementasi rancangan desain pembelajaran sharing and jumping task padamateri pereaksi pembatas. Berdasarkan studi lapangan ditemukan hambatan belajar peserta didikditemukan pada materi pereaksi pembatas karena materi tersebut merupakan konsep konkrit danabstrak Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode pengembangan dengan desainDidactical Design Research (DDR). Sumber data diperoleh dari 30 orang peserta didik kelas X disalah satu SMA di kota Bandung. Pengumpulan dan analisis data dilakukan berdasarkan hasilobservasi pembelajaran, wawancara guru, studi dokumen dan dokumentasi video yang dianalisisdengan Transcript-based Lesson Analysis (TBLA). Diperoleh profil keterampilan kolaboratif yangtumbuh selama pembelajaran, sharing task 1 adalah indikator 2 dan indikator 4 sebesar 50%,sharing task 2 adalah indikator 2 sebesar 33,33%, dan jumping task adalah indikator 4 sebesar 60%.
PENINGKATAN KETERAMPILAN BERPIKIR KREATIF SISWA SMA PADA MATERI KOLOID MENGGUNAKAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN POGIL
Authors: Salsabila Hanum Lutfiyah , Liliasari Liliasari , Supriyanti F.M Titin
Published: March 2024

Penelitian tentang “Peningkatan Keterampilan Berpikir Kreatif Siswa SMA pada Materi KoloidMenggunakan Model Pembealajaran POGIL (Process Oriented Guided Inquiry Learning)” ini bertujuanuntuk menganalisis keterlaksanaan model pembelajaran POGIL, meningkatkan keterampilanberpikir kreatif peserta didik SMA pada materi koloid menggunakan model pembelajaran POGIL,serta mengukur penguasaan konsep koloid peserta didik. Dalam penelitian ini, digunakan metodekuasi eksperimen, dengan desain penelitian one group pretest-posttest design. Instrumen yang digunakanialah soal pilihan berganda beralasan menggunakan 17 butir soal dan lembar penilaian kerja pesertadidik. Subjek penelitian adalah 30 peserta didik kelas XI program MIPA pada salah satu SMANegeri di Ngamprah, yang sedang mempelajari materi koloid. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwapenggunaan model pembelajaran POGIL dapat menganalisis keterlaksanaan model pembelajaranPOGIL, meningkatkan keterampilan berpikir kreatif peseta didik dan dapat mengukur penguasaankonsep mereka. Rerata keterlaksanan model pembelajaran POGIL pada seluruh tahapannya ialahsebagian besar (73,87%) kegiatan terlaksana. Dari 30 orang peserta didik, peningkatan rerata NGainhasil belajar dengan kriteria sedang (76,67%) dan kriteria tinggi (23,33). Rata-rata N-Gainpada peningkatan keterampilan berpikir kreatif ialah sebesar termasuk kategori sedang (0,38). RerataN-gain kemampuan berpikir kreatif yang mengalami peningkatan paling tinggi adalah berpikirflexibility (0,52) dan yang paling rendah adalah berpikir originality (0,31). Rata-rata N-Gainpenguasaan konsep yang diperoleh masuk kategori sedang (0,42). Peningkatan konsep palingdikuasai adalah jenis koloid (rerata N-gain 0,46) dan yang kurang dikuasai adalah sifat koloid (rerataN-gain 0,38). Model pembelajaran POGIL dapat diterapkan pendidik untuk meningkatkanketerampilan berpikir kreatif peserta didik baik pada materi koloid atau mungkin pada materipelajaran lainnya. Model pembelajaran ini lebih baik dilakukan secara tatap muka, agarpembelajaran lebih efektif dan efisien serta menjadikan peserta didik bersifat lebih aktif.
PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN BERBASIS SMARTPHONE PADA SUB MATERI LIPID
Authors: Sukmafitri Ajeng , Hana Muhammad Nurul , Gumilar Gun Gun , Rohman Ijang , Setiadi Rahmat
Published: March 2024

Adanya pandemi COVID-19 menyebabkan hampir seluruh kegiatan pembelajaran di SekolahMenengah Atas di Indonesia dilakukan secara daring. Namun, kurangnya persiapan danperangkat pembelajaran online menjadi kendala dalam kegiatan pembelajaran. Salah satunya padapembelajaran materi makromolekul yang dipelajari di kelas XII semester genap. Tujuan daripenelitian ini adalah untuk menghasilkan media pembelajaran berbasis smartphone pada submateri lipid. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian pengembangan. Tahappengembangan media pembelajaran pada penelitian ini menggunakan model pengembanganADDIE. Pada penelitian ini, media pembelajaran dikembangkan dengan menggunakan beberapaaplikasi, diantaranya yaitu android studio, java, dan emulator. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, mediapembelajaran berbasis smartphone pada sub materi lipid berhasil dikembangkan dan layakdigunakan dalam pembelajaran dengan beberapa perbaikan yang disarankan oleh dosen ahlimateri dan dosen ahli media. Media pembelajaran ini dilengkapi dengan teks uraian mengenaimateri lipid, 42 gambar sebagai pelengkap teks, dan 10 video yang berisi konten mengenai materilipid. Berdasarkan hasil tanggapan pendidik dan peserta didik, media pembelajaran yangdikembangkan dinilai menarik, menambah rasa ingin tahu peserta didik dalam mempelajarimateri lipid, dan meningkatkan pemahaman peserta didik mengenai materi lipid. Mediapembelajaran berbasis smartphone yang dihasilkan dapat digunakan untuk membantu pesertadidik dalam mempelajari sub materi lipid, baik belajar mandiri maupun dibimbing olehpendidik.Kata Kunci:
UJI KELAYAKAN LKS MODEL PjBL TERINTEGRASI STEAM UNTUK MEMBANGUN KREATIVITAS SISWA SMA PADA PEMBUATAN INDIKATOR ASAM BASA BERBAHAN BUNGA
Authors: Andani Nela , Wahyu Wawan , Kusrijadi Ali
Published: March 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh LKS model PjBL terintegrasi STEAM dalammembangun kreativitas siswa SMA Kelas XI pada pembuatan dan penentuan trayek pH indikatorasam basa berbahan bunga yang layak ditinjau dari kelayakan internal. Metode penelitian yangdigunakan adalah deskriptif evaluatif dengan desain penelitian Design-based Research. Partisipanpenelitian ini adalah 5 orang ahli kimia. Instrumen yang digunakan yaitu lembar penilaiankonten LKS, lembar penilaian konstruk LKS, dan lembar penilaian teknis LKS. Hasil ujikelayakan internal menurut penilai 1 berkategori baik dari kesesuaian konten dan sangat baikdari kesesuaian konstruk dan teknis, sedangkan menurut penilai 2, 3, 4, dan 5 berkategori sangatbaik dari kesesuaian konten, konstruk, dan teknis. Berdasarkan hasil penilaian tersebut, makadapat dikatakan bahwa LKS layak digunakan untuk membangun kreativitas siswa.
STRATEGI PEMBELAJARAN INTERTEKSTUAL DENGAN POGIL YANG BERPOTENSI MENINGKATKAN PENGUASAAN KONSEP PENGARUH KONSENTRASI DAN SUHU TERHADAP LAJU REAKSI SERTA KPS SISWA
Authors: Puteri Rizke Pratiwi Ismania , Mulyani Sri , Khoerunnisa Fitri , Wiji Wiji
Published: March 2024

Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk memperoleh strategi pembelajaran intertekstual dengan POGIL(Process Oriented Guided Inquiry Learning) pada submateri pengaruh konsentrasi dan suhu terhadaplaju reaksi yang berpotensi meningkatkan penguasaan konsep dan keterampilan proses sainssiswa. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Research Development (RD) yangdibatasi hingga tahap pengembangan produk awal. Instrumen yang digunakan berupa formatkesesuaian antara indikator penguasaan konsep dengan kompetensi dasar pengetahuan dandeskripsi konsep, kesesuaian indikator keterampilan proses sains dengan kompetensi dasarketerampilan dan deskripsi keterampilan proses sains serta kesesuaian kegiatan pembelajarandengan indikator penguasaan konsep dan indikator keterampilan proses sains. Dalam prosespengembangan strategi pembelajaran dilakukan validasi oleh empat orang ahli pedagogi kimia,dua orang ahli kimia, dan dua orang praktisi kimia. Berdasarkan hasil validasi, dua butirindikator penguasaan konsep dinyatakan valid, sembilan indikator keterampilan proses sainsdinyatakan valid dengan beberapa saran perbaikan. Strategi pembelajaran yang dikembangkanberupa kegiatan pembelajaran yang menggabungkan tiga level representasi kimia ke dalamlangkah pembelajaran POGIL. Secara umum, hasil validasi menyatakan bahwa strategi tersebutvalid dengan beberapa saran perbaikan.
Нейрогенеративные изображения – произведения искусства или дубликаторство?
Authors:   Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет, Никитина А.А.
Published: March 2024

В данной статье анализируется новый визуальный феномен — нейрогенеративные изображения (изображения, созданные нейросетью), методами культурологии, искусствоведения, философии с целью изучить их визуальную природу; выявить, могут ли они являться произведениями искусства или же они всегда дубликатны. В статье приведен обзор актуальных проблем, связанных с техническими возможностями нейросетей создавать изображения, которые неотличимы от фотографии. Нейрогенеративные изображения рассматривается, с одной стороны, в медиевистском ключе, с другой стороны — в семантическом ключе. Определены основные признаки, характеризующие произведение искусства. С опорой на эти признаки проанализированы три примера нейрогенеративных произведений. По результатам исследования сделаны следующие выводы: факт использования нейросетью других произведений как обучающего материала еще не делает нейрогененеративные изображения вторичными; нейрогенеративные изображения могут быть как дубликатами, так и высокохудожественными произведениями. Это зависит от уровня творческого видения человека, дававшего задание нейросети; нейросеть — это инструмент, который помогает художнику. Она экономит время и ресурсы художника, освобождая его от технической стороны работы для более важного — создания концепции. С другой стороны, нейросеть не способна полностью заменить художника; мастерство, как и владение материалом, больше не является ключевым навыком художника. Ключевыми навыками становятся художественное видение и способность творчески мыслить.
Медиаарт и его производные как эффективные инструменты современного художника
Authors:   Санкт-Петербургская государственная художественно-промышленная академия им. А.Л. Штиглица, Петрухина О.В.
Published: March 2024

Медиаарт (медиаискусство) — это область искусства, которая использует новейшие технологии и средства массовой коммуникации для создания уникальных произведений искусства. Исследование рассматривает актуальность и значимость медиаискусства в современном мире. Оценивается перспектива дальнейшего развития медиаарта на фоне возросшего значения технологий, которые занимают все более весомое место в нашей жизни. Автор обращает внимание на потенциал медиаарта в качестве платформы для создания новых форм искусства в различных областях, таких как кино, телевидение, видеоигры, реклама и многое другое. Рассматривается влияние медиаискусства на культуру и общество. Отмечается роль зрителя в развитии и становлении медиаарта, а также значения в таком становлении зрителя, его способности понимать и интерпретировать создаваемую медиа-художником реальность. В материале достаточно обзорно рассматриваются такие производные медиаискусства, такие как: виртуальная реальность, интерактивное искусство, видео-арт и цифровое искусство. Подчеркивается, что эти производные сделали свой собственный вклад в медиаискусство и могут быть использованы для создания новых и уникальных произведений искусства. Анализируются творчество некоторых любопытных для темы исследования авторов и примеры их произведений. Обобщенные выводы работы позволяют утверждать, что медиаискусство является важной и актуальной областью искусства, которая имеет огромный потенциал для дальнейшего развития.
Разработка доступной архитектуры систем организации, предметизации и навигации сайта Русского музея
Authors:   Университет ИТМО, Джумагулова А.Ф. , Шараева А.А. ,   Университет ИТМО
Published: March 2024

В настоящее время все чаще культурные учреждения прибегают к цифровизации услуг, экспонатов и даже целых выставок. На сегодняшний день такие веб-сайты не имеют единых стандартов, поэтому пользователи часто сталкиваются с трудностями при их использовании. Данное исследование посвящено разработке доступной информационной архитектуры веб-сайта Русского музея. Для этого были проведены предварительные исследования в формате карточной сортировки. Первый эксперимент был нацелен на проверку системы организации, но в ходе проведения оказалось, что ключевая пользовательская проблема — это система предметизации. Для изучения паттернов пользователей была проведена открытая карточная сортировка в группе, которая позволила собрать информацию о том, какую систему предметизации ожидают увидеть пользователи. И, наконец, для проверки изменений в информационной архитектуре веб-сайта было проведено конкурентное древовидное тестирование, в котором приняло участие 113 человек (в пилотном — 39, в основном — 74). В результате при наименовании «Контакты» такой пункт меню пользователи находили чаще и совершали при этом меньше ошибок, чем при его текущем названии «Справочная информация». В статье приведены результаты экспериментов и их анализ.
Исследование влияния визуализированного прогресса в обучающем курсе на результаты обучения и мотивацию студентов
Authors:   Университет ИТМО, Боженова В.В.
Published: March 2024

Цель данной работы — исследовать влияние элемента геймификации (completion progress), внедренного на обучающую платформу Moodle, на мотивацию и результаты обучения студентов третьего курса Университета ИТМО. Для этого был проведен эксперимент, в котором восемь независимых групп студентов (всего 171 человек) проходили обучение на платформе Moodle, при этом у четырех групп присутствовал элемент геймификации, отображающий их прогресс в прохождении курса, у другой половины групп такой элемент отсутствовал. В конце курса снимались данные по мотивации студентов к обучению с помощью анкеты, а также были собраны данные по итоговым баллам студентов за курс. Точный тест Фишера при правосторонней проверке показал, что мотивация к обучению в конце курса выше у студентов, обучающихся с элементом геймификации (доля успеха 0,75, 97,5% нижняя граница ДИ — 0,64), чем без него (доля успеха 0,59, 97,5% верхняя граница ДИ — 0,69) — гипотеза подтвердилась (p-value = 0,022). Также точный тест Фишера при правосторонней проверке показал, что итоговые результаты обучения выше у студентов, обучающихся с элементом геймификации (доля успеха 0,33, 98,3% нижняя граница ДИ — 0,22), чем без него (доля успеха 0,17, 98,3% верхняя граница ДИ — 0,27) — гипотеза подтвердилась (p-value = 0,015). Как показал эксперимент, внедренный элемент геймификации оказал положительное влияние на мотивацию и результаты обучения студентов исследуемых групп в Университете ИТМО.
Award-Winning Women Business Operators in Kandy District of Sri Lanka: Entrepreneurial Bricolage
Authors: Illandarage Dilan Chathuranga Wijerathna , Kodituwakku Sarath S
Published: March 2024

Women entrepreneurship has been identified as a crucial factor in closing the gender gap in the labor market and women empowerment. However, there is a significant gender gap in the SME sector in Sri Lanka. Also, Literature supports that Sri Lankan women are living in a socially and economically constrained environment. In this study entrepreneurial bricolage has been used as a theoretical lens to understand the entrepreneurial actions of women business operators because bricolage links means and ends in a resource-constrained environment. Since women business operators in Sri Lanka are in a constrained environment and operating with limited resources, the main purpose of this study to understand how Award-winning women business operators have applied Bricolage approach in their entrepreneurship process. Qualitative multiple case study research design was used to achieve the research objectives. In-depth interview method was adopted as the main data collection method and 30 women awardees were selected by using the purposive sampling method. The findings illustrate that these women business operators have used the 'Bricolage' approach in the form of 'selective bricolage'. They have used it as a one-off practice to find solutions for problems and opportunities they faced in their businesses.
Analysis Usefulness Quick Response Code Indonesian Standard (QRIS) For Efficiency And Accountability Of MSMEs Financial Statements
Authors: Darnmayanti Novi , Maaidah Eka Puspita Sari , Rosyida Isnaini Anniswati , Abdullah Ahmad Ridhuwan , Hartono
Published: March 2024

This study aims to analyze the perception of the use of QRIS digital payment technology transaction efficiency in the accountability of MSMEs financial statements in Lamongan City. This research is quantitative research conducted Lamongan, this research method uses Non-Probability Sampling with a Purposive Sampling approach. The respondents in this study are all MSMEs in Lamongan city who use QRIS as a means of payment and record their business. Data is obtained from primary data collected digitally and questionnaires. The result of this study is Perceived Usefulness affects the Accountability of MSME Financial Statements in Lamongan city. Perceived Ease of Use has no effect on Financial Statement Accountability. Transaction Efficiency has a positive and significant effect on Financial Statement Accountability. The variables “Perceived Usefulness”, “Perceived Ease Use” and “Transaction Efficiency” have a simultaneous effect on “Financial Statement Accountability” although the effect is weak.
Tacit Knowledge Sharing as a Catalyst for Innovation Capability in Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in the Malaysian Furniture Industry
Authors: Mohd Nor Intan Nadiyah , Abdullah Mohamad Hariri , Hashim Hema Zulaika , Osman Nur Syazana
Published: March 2024

In the shift to a knowledge-based economy, SMEs in the Malaysian furniture industry need to improve their innovation capability to meet the dynamic challenges and opportunities of the information age and secure a competitive advantage. Empirical research shows that a variety of factors play a crucial role in determining the innovation capabilities of the firm. The aim of this conceptual paper is to investigate how tacit knowledge sharing influences the innovation performance of SMEs in the Malaysian furniture industry, and to examine the mediating role of innovation capability at both individual and organizational levels. The conceptual framework was constructed after synthesizing the existing literature and highlights the essential role of tacit practices such as knowledge donation and collection are critical in cultivating a culture of knowledge sharing that significantly influences innovation performance at both individual and organizational levels. The paper hypothesizes that innovation capability could serve as a mediator between tacit knowledge sharing and innovation performance, emphasizing the need for SME owners and managers to prioritize tacit knowledge to achieve better innovation outcomes. The conceptual framework is grounded in Resources-Based View theory, which elucidates the interactions between variables. The theoretical and practical implications of this model are also discussed.
Cost-Benefit Analysis in The Local Authorities and Effective Decision-Making in Public Investment
Authors: Azudin Afirah , Endut Wan Anisah , Mohd Noor Nor Raihana Asmar , Jusop Mariana , Long Yasmiza
Published: March 2024

Issues on sustainable cities and communities have been intensely debated nowadays. In Malaysia, Local Authorities (LAs) are among the stakeholders responsible for these matters. However, LAs have received criticism for poor financial management in generating and managing the funds which hindered them from performing their duties in fulfilling public expectations. Thus, the Cost-Benefit Analysis (CBA) was introduced as a tool that guided their decision on the projects that would be beneficial to the societies and involve an acceptable trade-off cost. Accordingly, this article discusses the literature on CBA, its use in decision-making, and the factors influencing its implementation. The stakeholders’ theory was employed to assess the expected relationship between the use of CBA and its effectiveness in public investment decision-making. Notably, this article contributes to the LAs by providing input on the CBA role and the factors that can encourage its application in investment evaluation, particularly in the public sector.
A Bibliometric Analysis of Research on The Use of Technology in Self-Regulated Learning
Authors: Muh. Fiqri Nurrahmatullah  , Ikaputera Waspada
Published: March 2024

This study aimed to determine the primary subjects, well-known authors, often-cited sources, most-cited publications, and countries conducting research on the use of technology-related problems in self-regulated learning. Moreover, this study employed bibliometric techniques to discover and analyze the scientific literature for the purpose of providing recommendations for future research directions. Additionally, the descriptive bibliometric analysis method was employed, and 41 publications were selected from the Scopus database using revised data. It was discovered that, out of the years 2011 to 2023, 2023 stood out with the highest number of publications (16 in total). Furthermore, the United States was identified as the most dominant country in this field, with a total of nine publications and five collaborations with other countries. It was also found that 18 of the 41 journals have been published in Q1 journals. This study focused on finding journals that investigated the use of technology in self-regulated learning, specifically in the fields of 1) e-learning and artificial intelligence; 2) learning, higher education, and teaching; 3) self-regulated learning, students, and mobile learning; and 4) education, systematic literature review, and technology. In addition, due to the limitations of the existing search sources, it was expected that future research would consider expanding the scope of findings using other databases as alternatives (such as Web of Science and Google Scholar). This was expected to enable a more comprehensive picture of the use of technology in self-regulated learning.
Determinants of Mobile Shopping Apps Continuance Intention: A Review and Proposed Conceptual Model
Authors: Lee Weng Onn , Huam Hon Tat , Raja Yusof Raja Nerina
Published: March 2024

Mobile shopping apps have experienced significant global growth due to the widespread adoption of mobile devices in everyday life. The exponential expansion of mobile shopping app usage has brought up both opportunities and challenges for service providers. For online businesses, maintaining their current users is a vital means of gaining a competitive edge. Hence, the primary objective of this research is to develop a conceptual model to examine the factors that influence users' intention to continue using mobile shopping apps. The Expectation-Confirmation Model (ECM) and the Theory of Network Externalities offer initial foundations for developing a unified conceptual model. This research has the potential to make a substantial contribution to the understanding of factors that influence continuance intention to use mobile shopping apps. It can benefit academicians, online businesses, service providers and mobile marketing practitioners
BUMDesa Financial Accountability: What is The Role of BUMDesa Accounting and Implementation of SAK ETAP?
Authors: Kartikasari Evi Dwi , Zainuddin Siti Afiqah , Jamil Amira
Published: March 2024

The existence of BUMDesa can save the country from the economic crisis, as seen from the absorption of the number of workers in several provinces in Indonesia and the number of turnover that has successfully contributed to the village's original income. However, the operational sustainability of BUMDesa is caused by the lack of quality of BUMDesa's financial statements. There are still some BUMDesa that do not make financial statements because of the manager's lack of understanding of accounting literacy. So it often happens that some BUMDesa experience not developing in their business activities and BUMDesa development funds are not optimally functioning. This study aims to determine the existence of BUMDesa financial accountability in terms of the role of accounting and implementation of SAK-ETAP. How is the understanding of BUMDesa managers regarding accountability embodied in financial statements currently the role of accounting is likened to an antecedent to the growth of BUMDesa. Measurements are carried out based on the size of BUMDesa, the manager's educational background, and the provision of information and socialization of SAK-ETAP. In this study, theoretical studies will also be studied on how the preparation of BUMDes financial statements is applied to SAK-ETAP. This research uses a type of qualitative research using a descriptive approach based on phenomenology. This study's results show that accounting's role is very important in the success of BUMDesa in conveying its financial accountability. Socialization related to accounting literacy as well as financial literacy and assistance are also needed by most BUMDesa.
“Morton’s Neuroma” — Term Etymology: A Review
Authors: Bolshakova Daria A. , Kardanov Andrey A. , Maysigov Musa N. , Korolev Andrey V.
Published: March 2024

Background. The urgency of the problem is explained by a high morbidity rate and the need to verify the diagnosis with related specialists (ultrasound physicians, radiologists, trauma surgeons, pathologists), as well as by significant difficulties in patient routing and high probability of primary referral to neurologists, neurosurgeons, and general practitioners. In modern Russian literature, neuromas of all interdigital spaces are identified with Morton’s neuroma.
Aim of the review was to determine the accuracy of modern medical terminology, in particular of the term «Morton’s neuroma», to reveal the spectrum of eponyms unacceptable for communication with related specialists and patients, to fill the historical gap and to attract the scientific medical community to discussion on this topic.
Methods. We identified 40 articles on this topic published from 1845 to 2022. The search was performed in PubMed/MEDLINE and eLIBRARY databases.
Results. Evolution, history, and etymology of several terms used for intermetatarsal neuroma are covered in the study, based on the analysis of literature sources. It has been found that a number of eponyms used to designate neuromas are historically inaccurate. In addition, we have discovered that the reports of «nerve fibrosis» were encountered prior to the introduction of the term «neuroma». However, most authors have popularized the nominal term «Morton’s neuromas».
Conclusions. An obvious contradiction between the etiopathogenesis of neuroma and the term itself can be confusing for clinicians and diagnosticians. In our opinion, the disease known nowadays as «Morton’s neuroma» should be named «fibrosis of the plantar nerve of the third toe», and the name terms denoting the number of the corresponding interdigital space should be replaced by the number of the corresponding common plantar digital nerve.
The Russian Version of the Michigan Hand Outcomes Questionnaire: Cross-Cultural Adaptation and Validation
Authors: Mironov Artem R. , Demin Alexandr S. , Rodomanova Liubov A. , Abdiba Nino V. , Ushakov Maxim D. , Plotnikovs Konstantins , Movcans Jevgenijs
Published: March 2024

Background. The Michigan Hand Outcomes Questionnaire (MHQ) is one of the most commonly used specialized scales to assess function, pain, aesthetic component, and overall patient satisfaction with their hands and wrists. However, to date, the scale has not been validated into Russian.
Aim of the study — validation and cross-cultural adaptation of the Russian-language version of the questionnaire for patients with hand diseases MHQ.
Methods. Validation and cultural adaptation were carried out in several stages: forward translation, back translation, formation of a preliminary version, pilot testing (pretesting), formation of the final version, with the help of which 50 patients were interviewed, of which 29 men (58%) and 21 women ( 42%), whose average age was 52.72 (25–84) years. Next, the psychometric properties of the questionnaire were assessed: validity, ceiling and floor effects, internal consistency (Cronbach’s α), reproducibility, completion rate. Patients completed the MHQ questionnaire upon initial visit to an orthopedic traumatologist and again the next day. Reproducibility was assessed using the intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC). Validity was assessed by studying the relationship between the results of the questionnaire under study and the results of the DASH questionnaire validated in Russia.
Results. As part of the study, a rating scale was obtained with good psychometric properties: validity — 0.726, p0.001; Cronbach’s α 0.9, 95% CI (0.65–0.97); reproducibility — 0.92 (0.87–0.96); occupancy rate — 100%; the ceiling effect is observed in 42 questions 1–20, 22–27, 35, 37, 38, 42, 46–57, the floor effect in 13 questions — 17, 20, 28–32, 39–41, 43–45.
Conclusions. The results of the study of the validity and retest reliability of the Russian version of the MHQ scale indicate that it is a reliable and reliable tool for assessing the function, pain, aesthetic component and overall satisfaction of patients with respect to their hands and wrists, which can be widely used by domestic researchers in practical and scientific activities.
Mucous Cysts of Fingers: Diagnostics and Treatment Mistakes
Authors: Chulovskay Irina G. , Egiazaryan Karen A. , Kosmynin Vladimir S. , Zharov Dmitriy S. , Titov Aleksey A.
Published: March 2024

Background. Mucous cysts of hand represent tumor-like masses. This pathology is associated with a large number of diagnostic and treatment mistakes with inappropriate procedures and incomplete surgical interventions, which result in recurrences and complications.
Aim of the study — to analyze diagnostics and treatment mistakes in patients with mucous cysts of fingers in order to improve the quality of medical care for patients with this pathology.
Methods. The study enrolled 62 patients. Diagnostics included medical history analysis, clinical and X-ray examination, and ultrasonography. According to the patients’ history, they were divided into two groups: group 1 consisted of patients who had come to the clinic for the first time, group 2 — of patients who had referred to the clinic with recurrences of mucous cysts. All patients underwent surgical interventions with osteophyte excision of the phalanx and skin defect grafting after cyst excision. Treatment results were evaluated 2, 6, 12 months after the operation using X-ray data, VAS, QuickDash questionnaire, and measurements of the range of motion in the distal interphalangeal joint.
Results. Initial referrals of group 2 patients (with disease recurrence) were analyzed in terms of the profile of specialists and the type of care provided. It was found that patients with recurrence had undergone procedures (cyst puncture, cauterization, removal of thin skin over the cyst) or surgeries without osteophyte excision of the phalanx and skin defect grafting after cyst excision. The use of a diagnostic algorithm at the referral stage made it possible to confirm the diagnosis and detect an osteophyte of the affected phalanx in all patients. Patients were followed up for a year.
Conclusion. At the diagnostic stage, X-ray and ultrasonography are conclusive methods of examination. The only correct method of mucous cysts treatment is radical surgery including skin defect grafting with local tissues after cyst excision and osteophyte removal.
Comment on the Article by N.N. Zadneprovskiy et al. “Suggestions for the Introduction of Some New Terms in Surgery of Pelvic and Acetabulum Fractures”
Authors: Kazhanov Igor V.
Published: March 2024

Medical terminology is the subject of constant systematic regulation. The author›s team of the scientific article has determined the actual purpose of the study — to develop names for some parts of the pelvic bones and its areas that still do not have their own designations, and to propose the developed terms for professional discussion. Introduction of new anatomical terms for the designation of parts and structures of pelvic bones and their injuries in a systematic list of clinical classification will contribute to the formation of uniformity of therapeutic and diagnostic approaches, promote generalization and exchange of experience between practitioners in the field of surgery of pelvic ring injuries and acetabulum fractures, and have a significant scientific and educational character among the medical community.
Osteo-Cutaneous Reconstruction of the Thumb by Radial Composite Flap
Authors: Rodomanova Lubov A.
Published: March 2024

Background. One of the possible ways of the thumb reconstruction when it is lost at the level of the middle third of the ray is osteo-cutaneous reconstruction, which today is carried out by transplantation of the blood-supplied composite tissue complex, which allows for reconstruction of the lost thumb without the risk of the bone graft resorption.
The aim — to evaluate the effectiveness of osteo-cutaneous reconstruction of the thumb using a blood-supplied tissue complex based on the radial artery. The study is based on the results of the treatment of 27 patients who underwent the thumb reconstruction with a radial osteo-cutaneous tissue complex performed according to the G. Foucher’ technique. The average age of the operated patients was 44±12.7 years. The island tissue complex was used in 22 patients; in 5 cases, a free flap from another forearm was transplanted.
Results. Long-term results were evaluated one year after reconstruction. In all cases, good functional results were achieved with an average DASH score of 44.4±10.6 points. The best results were obtained in patients with a stump at the base of the thumb proximal phalanx due to the preservation of the metacarpophalangeal joint mobility, the average volume of movements of which was 45°. When using Littler’s flap, it is possible to achieve a 2PD of the working surface of the restored thumb within 7.5±0.9 mm. Otherwise, only the protective sensitivity is restored.
Conclusions. The osteo-cutaneous reconstruction of the thumb when it is absent at the level of the middle third of the ray is an effective method of reconstruction if it is impossible to use other microsurgical methods, such as transplantation of the second toe or the fragment of the great toe.
Prevalence of polymorphism of АDRВ1, AGT, SOD2, CAT genes and their combinations to assess the risk of developing cardiovascular disease
Authors: Golovanova Natalya E. , Astratenkova Irina V. , Lukyanova Irina Yu. , Basanko Aleksandra V.
Published: March 2024

BACKGROUND: Cardiovascular disease remains a major public health problem associated with high mortality. The development of these diseases is associated with many genetic and cardiovascular risk factors, so the study of a person’s genetic predisposition to the development of cardiovascular disease based on gene polymorphism remains actual. The aim of research was to study the combination of polymorphisms of the ADRB1 rs1801253, AGT rs4762, SOD2 rs4880 and CAT rs1001179 genes in healthy young people to assess individual genetic predisposition to the development of cardiovascular disease.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study involved 33 people aged 19 to 21 years who currently had no pathology of the cardiovascular system. DNA was isolated from oral epithelial cells. Genotyping of DNA samples was determined using real-time polymerase chain reaction.
RESULTS: Among those examined, 39.4% had one or two unfavorable alleles for the ADRB1, AGT genes, suggesting a genetic predisposition to the development of cardiovascular disease. Unfavorable alleles of the ADRB1 gene were more common compared to the AGT gene. Each of those examined at risk of developing cardiovascular disease had one or two alleles associated with a decrease in the functioning of enzymes of the antioxidant system. Of the 33 people, only four (12.1%) do not have an unfavorable allele for the SOD2 and CAT genes.
CONCLUSIONS: We believe that the determination of polymorphisms in genes for enzymes of the antioxidant system will be an important additional criterion for earlier and more active prevention of cardiovascular disease.
The memory to the teacher, Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor E.V. Frolova
Authors: Konson Claudia
Published: March 2024

The article is dedicated to the memory of Professor of the Department of Family Medicine, member of the editorial board of the journal “Russian Family Doctor”, Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor E.V. Frolova, who became a mentor and supervisor for a nurse with higher education, citizen of Israel Claudia Konson.
Gorham–Stout disease started with recurrent bilateral exudative pleuritis: case description and literature review
Authors: Lesnyak Olga M. , Pischik Vadim G. , Tkach Olga N. , Kunitsina Elena S.
Published: March 2024

Gorham–Stout disease is an extremely rare skeletal disorder of unknown etiology manifested by multiple foci of osteolysis (“vanishing bone disease”) and lymphangiomatosis. Osteolysis can occur in any part of the skeleton (skull, facial skeleton, ribs, clavicula, spine, pelvic bones, bones of the upper and lower extremities). Approximately half of the patients develop pleural effusion, accompanied by respiratory abnormalities. We describe a case of Gorham-Stout disease with recurrent bilateral exudative pleuritis as a first and most prominent sign, while the bone lesions at the vertebral bodies, ribs and sternum proceeded without active complaints and were an accidental finding during chest computer tomography. Timely diagnosis of the disease depends on the awareness of doctors of various specialties and careful reading of imaging results.
The impact of sarcopenia and comorbidity on the predicted risk of death in the elderly
Authors: Safonova Yuliya A.
Published: March 2024

BACKGROUND: People with comorbidity have increased life expectancy in recent years. It affects clinical outcomes, including increased risk of death, which have not been well studied in patients with sarcopenia.
AIM: To study the frequency and structure of comorbidity and assess the contribution of sarcopenia in predicting the risk of death in people aged 65 years and older.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study included 230 people 65 years of age and older (70 men and 160 women, median age — 75 (68–79) years), who were consulted at a medical institution in St. Petersburg. Sarcopenia was diagnosed according to the criteria of the European Working Group on Sarcopenia, 2nd revision (2018). Comorbidity and predicted risk of death were studied using the Charlson comorbidity index.
RESULTS: Iron deficiency anemia and chronic kidney disease C3a–С3b were detected more often (p 0.001 and p = 0.031, respectively), and obesity less often (p 0.001) in sarcopenic patients. In sarcopenic patients, comorbidity was severe [5 (4–6) points] and the risk of death from all causes was 8.89 (95% confidence interval 3.95–20.2) times higher compared with non-sarcopenic patients (p 0.001).
CONCLUSIONS: The significance of comorbidity was revealed, and a high probability of risk of death with sarcopenia in the elderly was revealed. This makes it possible to carry out activities that will delay the onset of death to a later age.
Prevalence of smoking and consumption of nicotine-containing products among students of medical and technical universities (PROTECT)
Authors: Pokhaznikova Marina A. , Kuznetsova Olga Yu. , Ovakimyan Karina V. , Fatkieva Rosa R. , Goryaeva Anna Yu. , Andreeva Elena A. , Sychev Aleksandr E. , Bogacheva Aleksandra  S. , Budnikova Irina  V. , Samodova Inna L. , Nemtsova Elena G. , Litvinova Anna V. , Mamonkina Daria S. , Skornyakova Maria S.
Published: March 2024

BACKGROUND: The article presents data of the study “Prevalence of smoking and consumption of nicotine-containing products among students of medical and technical universities” (PROTEСT), carried out in 2023 at North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov and Saint Petersburg Electrotechnical University (LETI) named after V.I. Ulyanov (Lenin).
AIM: To study the prevalence and patterns of consumption of tobacco and nicotine-containing products, attitudes to smoking behaviour.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional study of a random sample of student groups included 1105 respondents.
RESULTS: The average age of respondents was 20.7 ± 2.0 years, 44.3% were men. 6.8% of participants smoked cigarettes; more often men than women (9.4 vs. 4.7%, p 0.01). The prevalence of nicotine-containing products consumption was 15.7%. There were no differences by gender (men 15.7% and women 15.8%). The use of a combination of cigarettes and nicotine-containing products was noted by 6.6% of students, which led to increase the tobacco smokers number to 13.4%; and the number of people consuming nicotine-containing products to 22.4%. The main reason for starting smoking/consuming nicotine-containing products was the example of friends (in 35.8 and 34% of cases). The reason for the start of smoking and consuming nicotine-containing products were problems in school and family among 21.1% of women and 6.6% of men (p 0.05), and nicotine-containing products by 16.0% of women and 5.7% of men (p 0.05). The majority of consumers of cigarettes and nicotine-containing products combination (38.4%) use them in a 20/80 ratio. Among the respondents, the proportion of smoking relatives is 40.3%, friends — 66.2%, classmates/dormitory neighbors — 71.9%.
CONCLUSIONS: A reduction in tobacco smoking and an increase in the proportion of people using nicotine-containing products and their combination with tobacco, as well as the absence of gender differences in nicotine-containing products consumption, indicates a change in the smoking behavior of students and increases the risk of developing nicotine addiction and harmful health consequences. Differences in the motivation for starting smoking/using nicotine-containing product among men and women requires more detailed study.
The role of the primary care physician in identifying patients at high risk of fractures in real clinical practice
Authors: Gladkova Elena N. , Seregina Maria S. , Soboleva Anna A.
Published: March 2024

BACKGROUND: The FRAX calculator is an accessible method for identifying patients at high risk of fracture. However, data on its practical use in primary health care settings are limited.
AIM: To evaluate the correctness of calculating the 10-year fracture probability according to FRAX by primary care physicians and then analyze the impact of the results on patient routing.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The base of the study was the city polyclinic No. 25 of the Nevsky district of Saint Petersburg. The study included men and women aged 40 years and older.
During 2017–2020, polyclinic doctors assessed the risk of fracture using the FRAX calculator for 11,013 people. A group of patients with significant differences (30% or more) in the obtained value of the risk of major osteoporotic fractures from the average was identified. A 10-year probability of fractures was recalculated for these patients.
RESULTS: Major osteoporotic fracture risk scores were compared before and after recalculation. In most cases of patients (83%), the risk category did not change after recalculation. In 15% of patients changed to a higher risk. In the total group (11,013 people), errors in FRAX calculation led to an underestimation of high fracture risk in 41 patients (0.4%).
CONCLUSIONS: The study showed that primary care physicians use the FRAX calculator correctly. The proportion of incorrect fracture risk calculations was low. Nevertheless, training of primary care physicians in the calculation and interpretation of the FRAX score is essential.
Thyroid paradox in older age
Authors: Turusheva Anna V. , Popova Ksenia S. , Kinder Daria S.
Published: March 2024

BACKGROUND: The thyroid gland plays an important role in our body, influencing almost all metabolic processes in the body throughout life. However, literature data on the effect of decreased thyroid function on mortality in older people is contradictory.
AIM: To evaluate the impact of thyroid-stimulating hormone levels on 5-year survival in older adults.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: This work was carried out on the basis of the second screening of the Crystal study of community-dwelling individuals 65+ (n = 383). Main study parameters: thyroid-stimulating hormone level, blood test, lipid profile, albumin, total protein, comprehensive geriatric assessment, 5 years of follow-up.
RESULTS: A thyroid-stimulating hormone level of 3.3–10.0 mIU/L was associated with a 44.6% reduced risk of all-cause mortality (hazard ratio 0.554; 95% confidence interval 0.307–0.999) at 5 years of follow-up, regardless of the presence of non-communicable diseases and geriatric status. A thyroid-stimulating hormone level more 10.0 mIU/L is not associated with an increased risk of mortality. The lower risk of mortality in patients with high thyroid-stimulating hormone levels may be due to a larger thigh muscle circumference. After adjustment for all covariates used and thyroid-stimulating hormone level, a 1 cm increase in thigh muscle circumference was associated with a 4.5% reduction in the risk of all-cause mortality (hazard ratio 0.955; 95% confidence interval 0.932–0.979).
CONCLUSIONS: The lowest risk of all cause-mortality mortality in persons aged 65 years and older is observed with a thyroid-stimulating hormone level of 3.3–10.0 mIU/L. Thyroid-stimulating hormone level more 10.0 mIU/L is not associated with an increased risk of all cause-mortality.
Diagnosis delay and factors associated with delay among tuberculosis patients in Mombasa County, Kenya
Authors: Limo Joshua , Onyango Rosebella
Published: March 2024

Background: Most tuberculosis (TB) transmissions occur between the onset of symptoms and treatment initiation. Early case identification and treatment initiation is an effective method to control the spread of TB, but the lack of a clear understanding about the extent of TB diagnostic delay and the factors contributing to delay continue to derail progress in combating the disease. The purpose of this study was to determine the extent of diagnostic delay and factors associated with delay among TB patients.
Methods: An analytic cross-sectional survey of 302 TB patients on the intensive phase of treatment was carried out to determine the diagnostic delay period among TB patients. Data were collected using a semi-structured questionnaire. The mean patient delay and associations between the length of patient delay and the various independent variables were determined.
Results: The mean diagnostic delay was 47 days, patient delay was 34 days and health system delay was 13 days. Patients with extrapulmonary TB had lengthy diagnostic delay of 81 days. Prolonged delay was associated with low TB awareness.
Conclusions: The study findings underscore the need to improve the quality of TB awareness in the community; campaigns should go beyond providing general information about TB to emphasize on early care-seeking.
The factors associated with chronic energy deficiency in breastfeeding mothers
Authors: Juwita Citra Puspa , Nadeak Bernadetha , Siagian Carmen , Sormin Elferida
Published: March 2024

Background: Chronic energy deficiency (CED) in breastfeeding mothers is very likely to occur because apart from the mother meeting the recovery needs of giving birth, the mother also provides breast milk to her baby. This study aimed to determine the factors associated with the incidence of CED in breastfeeding mothers.
Methods: The research was conducted on 203 breastfeeding mothers who were randomly selected from 10 villages in Kefamenanu Regency, East Nusa Tenggara (NTT), Indonesia. Data collection was done directly by nutrition officer with interviews using g-form. Data were analysed using the Chi Square.
Results: It was found that the factors associated with the incidence of CED in breastfeeding mothers were age {OR=0.5 times (CI 95%: 0.257-1.054)} and parity of the number of children in the family OR=2.1 times (95%: 1-4.4)}, as well as family income which is not directly related to the incidence of CED in the mother {OR=1.7 times (CI 95%: 0.5-6.3)}.
Conclusions: Factors associated with CED in breastfeeding mothers are age, the parity of the number of children in family, and family income. Support from the family is vital for breastfeeding mothers to meet their nutritional needs.