bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Potassium Control of Plant Functions: Ecological and Agricultural Implications
Authors: Sardans Jordi , Peñuelas Josep
Published: February 2021

Potassium, mostly as a cation (K+), together with calcium (Ca2+) are the most abundant inorganic chemicals in plant cellular media, but they are rarely discussed. K+ is not a component of molecular or macromolecular plant structures, thus it is more difficult to link it to concrete metabolic pathways than nitrogen or phosphorus. Over the last two decades, many studies have reported on the role of K+ in several physiological functions, including controlling cellular growth and wood formation, xylem–phloem water content and movement, nutrient and metabolite transport, and stress responses. In this paper, we present an overview of contemporary findings associating K+ with various plant functions, emphasizing plant-mediated responses to environmental abiotic and biotic shifts and stresses by controlling transmembrane potentials and water, nutrient, and metabolite transport. These essential roles of K+ account for its high concentrations in the most active plant organs, such as leaves, and are consistent with the increasing number of ecological and agricultural studies that report K+ as a key element in the function and structure of terrestrial ecosystems, crop production, and global food security. We synthesized these roles from an integrated perspective, considering the metabolic and physiological functions of individual plants and their complex roles in terrestrial ecosystem functions and food security within the current context of ongoing global change. Thus, we provide a bridge between studies of K+ at the plant and ecological levels to ultimately claim that K+ should be considered at least at a level similar to N and P in terrestrial ecological studies.
A New Controlled Release System for Propolis Polyphenols and Its Biochemical Activity for Skin Applications
Authors: Spanidi Eleni , Karapetsas Athanasios , Voulgaridou Georgia-Persephoni , Letsiou Sophia , Aligiannis Nektarios , Tsochantaridis Ilias , Kynigopoulos Spyridon , Lambropoulou Maria , Mourtzinos Ioannis , Pappa Aglaia , Gardikis Konstantinos
Published: February 2021

Propolis is a resinous substance produced by bees that exhibits antimicrobial, immunostimulatory and antioxidant activity. Its use is common in functional foods, cosmetics and traditional medicine despite the fact that it demonstrates low extraction yields and inconsistency in non-toxic solvents. In this work, a new encapsulation and delivery system consisting of liposomes and cyclodextrins incorporating propolis polyphenols has been developed and characterized. The antioxidant, antimutagenic and antiaging properties of the system under normal and UVB-induced oxidative stress conditions were investigated in cultured skin cells and/or reconstituted skin model. Furthermore, the transcript accumulation for an array of genes involved in many skin-related processes was studied. The system exhibits significant polyphenol encapsulation efficiency, physicochemical stability as well as controlled release rate in appropriate conditions. The delivery system can retain the anti-mutagenic, anti-oxidative and anti-ageing effects of propolis polyphenols to levels similar and comparable to those of propolis methanolic extracts, making the system ideal for applications where non-toxic solvents are required and controlled release of the polyphenol content is desired.
Linear and Nonlinear Plasma Processes in Ionospheric HF Heating
Authors: Kuo Spencer
Published: February 2021

Featured observations of high frequency (HF) heating experiments are first introduced; the uniqueness of each observation is presented; the likely cause and physical process of each observed phenomenon instigated by the HF heating are discussed. A special point in the observations, revealed through the ionograms, is the competition between the Langmuir parametric instability and upper hybrid parametric instability excited in the heating experiments and the impact of the natural cusp at foE (the peak plasma frequency of the ionospheric E region) on the competition. The ionograms also infer the generation of Langmuir and upper hybrid cavitons. Ray tracing theory is formulated. With and without the appearance of large-scale field-aligned density irregularities in the background ionosphere, ray trajectories of the ordinary mode (O-mode) and extraordinary mode (X-mode) sounding pulses are calculated numerically. The results explain the artificial Spread-F recorded by the digisondes in the heating experiments. Parametric instabilities, which are the directly relevant processes to achieve effective heating of the ionospheric F region, are formulated and analyzed. The threshold fields and growth rates of Langmuir and upper hybrid parametric instabilities are derived as the theoretical basis of many radar observations and electron-plasma wave interactions. Harmonic cyclotron resonance interaction processes between electrons and upper hybrid waves are introduced. Formulation and analysis are presented. The numerical results show that ultra-energetic electrons are generated. These electrons enhance airglow at 777.4 nm as well as cause ionization. Physical processes leading to the generation of artificial ionization layers are discussed. The nonlinear Schrodinger equation governing the nonlinear evolution of Langmuir waves and upper hybrid waves are derived and solved. The nonlinear periodic and solitary solutions of the equations are obtained. The localized Langmuir and upper hybrid waves generated by the HF heater form cavitons near the HF reflection layer and near the upper hybrid resonance layer, which induce bumps in the virtual height spread of the ionogram trace similar to that induced by the density cusp at E-F1 transition layer; the down-going Langmuir waves and upper hybrid waves evolve into nonlinear periodic waves propagating along the magnetic field, which backscatter incoherently the sounding pulses to cause downward virtual height spread.
Responsible Resource Management in Remanufacturing—Framework for Qualitative Assessment in Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises
Authors: Golinska-Dawson Paulina , Werner-Lewandowska Karolina , Kosacka-Olejnik Monika
Published: February 2021

Through the remanufacturing process, obsolete, broken, and end-of-use products are brought to “a like new condition”. Remanufacturing is an example of implementation of circular economy at a company level. There are few studies on responsible resource management in a remanufacturing process. This paper contributes to this research gap by presenting a two-layered framework, which uses the maturity model theory, and it allows for a quick scan of a remanufacturing process. First, in the descriptive layer of the framework we define five maturity levels with regard to responsible resource management. We analyze water, emissions, energy, and materials, and describe relevant responsible resource management practices, which we link with maturity levels. We also design the relevant self-assessment tool which utilizes the existing expert’s knowledge of a company. Then, in the prescriptive layer of the framework, we propose a method for the identification of the maturity gap, and areas for improvement. We develop a procedure for prioritizing the measures, which shall be implemented in order to achieve a higher level of responsible resource management in a remanufacturing company. The framework is tested in small and medium-sized enterprises from the automotive industry.
An Investigation on High-Resolution Temperature Measurement in Precision Fly-Cutting
Authors: Gräbner Daniel , Zielinski Tjarden , Vovk Andrey , Riemer Oltmann , Karpuschewski Bernhard , Lang Walter
Published: February 2021

The loads acting on a workpiece during machining processes determine the modification of the surface of the final workpiece and, thus, its functional properties. In this work, a method that uses thermocouples to measure the temperature in precision fly-cutting machining with high spatial and temporal resolution is presented. Experiments were conducted for various materials and machining parameters. We compare experimental measurement data with results from modern and advanced machining process simulation and find a good match between experimental and simulation results. Therefore, the simulation is validated by experimental data and can be used to calculate realistic internal loads of machining processes.
Autonomous Ground Vehicle Lane-Keeping LPV Model-Based Control: Dual-Rate State Estimation and Comparison of Different Real-Time Control Strategies
Authors: Salt Ducajú Julián M. , Salt Llobregat Julián J. , Cuenca Ángel , Tomizuka Masayoshi
Published: February 2021

In this contribution, we suggest two proposals to achieve fast, real-time lane-keeping control for Autonomous Ground Vehicles (AGVs). The goal of lane-keeping is to orient and keep the vehicle within a given reference path using the front wheel steering angle as the control action for a specific longitudinal velocity. While nonlinear models can describe the lateral dynamics of the vehicle in an accurate manner, they might lead to difficulties when computing some control laws such as Model Predictive Control (MPC) in real time. Therefore, our first proposal is to use a Linear Parameter Varying (LPV) model to describe the AGV’s lateral dynamics, as a trade-off between computational complexity and model accuracy. Additionally, AGV sensors typically work at different measurement acquisition frequencies so that Kalman Filters (KFs) are usually needed for sensor fusion. Our second proposal is to use a Dual-Rate Extended Kalman Filter (DREFKF) to alleviate the cost of updating the internal state of the filter. To check the validity of our proposals, an LPV model-based control strategy is compared in simulations over a circuit path to another reduced computational complexity control strategy, the Inverse Kinematic Bicycle model (IKIBI), in the presence of process and measurement Gaussian noise. The LPV-MPC controller is shown to provide a more accurate lane-keeping behavior than an IKIBI control strategy. Finally, it is seen that Dual-Rate Extended Kalman Filters (DREKFs) constitute an interesting tool for providing fast vehicle state estimation in an AGV lane-keeping application.
Research and Fabrication of Broadband Ring Flextensional Underwater Transducer
Authors: Hu Jiuling , Hong Lianjin , Yin Lili , Lan Yu , Sun Hao , Guo Rongzhen
Published: February 2021

At present, high-speed underwater acoustic communication requires underwater transducers with the characteristics of low frequency and broadband. The low-frequency transducers also are expected to be low-frequency directional for realization of point-to-point communication. In order to achieve the above targets, this paper proposes a new type of flextensional transducer which is constructed of double mosaic piezoelectric ceramic rings and spherical cap metal shells. The transducer realizes broadband transmission by means of the coupling between radial vibration of the piezoelectric rings and high-order flexural vibration of the spherical cap metal shells. The low-frequency directional transmission of the transducer is realized by using excitation signals with different amplitude and phase on two mosaic piezoelectric rings. The relationship between transmitting voltage response (TVR), resonance frequency and structural parameters of the transducer is analyzed by finite element software COMSOL. The broadband performance of the transducer is also optimized. On this basis, the low-frequency directivity of the transducer is further analyzed and the ratio of the excitation signals of the two piezoelectric rings is obtained. Finally, a prototype of the broadband ring flextensional underwater transducer is fabricated according to the results of simulation. The electroacoustic performance of the transducer is tested in an anechoic water tank. Experimental results show that the maximum TVR of the transducer is 147.2 dB and the operation bandwidth is 1.5–4 kHz, which means that the transducer has good low-frequency, broadband transmission capability. Meanwhile, cardioid directivity is obtained at 1.4 kHz and low-frequency directivity is realized.
Characterization of Chromium Compensated GaAs Sensors with the Charge-Integrating JUNGFRAU Readout Chip by Means of a Highly Collimated Pencil Beam
Authors: Greiffenberg Dominic , Andrä Marie , Barten Rebecca , Bergamaschi Anna , Brückner Martin , Busca Paolo , Chiriotti Sabina , Chsherbakov Ivan , Dinapoli Roberto , Fajardo Pablo , Fröjdh Erik , Hasanaj Shqipe , Kozlowski Pawel , Lopez Cuenca Carlos , Lozinskaya Anastassiya , Meyer Markus , Mezza Davide , Mozzanica Aldo , Redford Sophie , Ruat Marie , Ruder Christian , Schmitt Bernd , Thattil Dhanya , Tinti Gemma , Tolbanov Oleg , Tyazhev Anton , Vetter Seraphin , Zarubin Andrei , Zhang Jiaguo
Published: February 2021

Chromium compensated GaAs or GaAs:Cr sensors provided by the Tomsk State University (Russia) were characterized using the low noise, charge integrating readout chip JUNGFRAU with a pixel pitch of 75 × 75 µm2 regarding its application as an X-ray detector at synchrotrons sources or FELs. Sensor properties such as dark current, resistivity, noise performance, spectral resolution capability and charge transport properties were measured and compared with results from a previous batch of GaAs:Cr sensors which were produced from wafers obtained from a different supplier. The properties of the sample from the later batch of sensors from 2017 show a resistivity of 1.69 × 109 Ω/cm, which is 47% higher compared to the previous batch from 2016. Moreover, its noise performance is 14% lower with a value of (101.65 ± 0.04) e− ENC and the resolution of a monochromatic 60 keV photo peak is significantly improved by 38% to a FWHM of 4.3%. Likely, this is due to improvements in charge collection, lower noise, and more homogeneous effective pixel size. In a previous work, a hole lifetime of 1.4 ns for GaAs:Cr sensors was determined for the sensors of the 2016 sensor batch, explaining the so-called “crater effect” which describes the occurrence of negative signals in the pixels around a pixel with a photon hit due to the missing hole contribution to the overall signal causing an incomplete signal induction. In this publication, the “crater effect” is further elaborated by measuring GaAs:Cr sensors using the sensors from 2017. The hole lifetime of these sensors was 2.5 ns. A focused photon beam was used to illuminate well defined positions along the pixels in order to corroborate the findings from the previous work and to further characterize the consequences of the “crater effect” on the detector operation.
Determining the Technological and Pedagogical Content Knowledge Level of the 4th Grade Teachers on the Unit; Electric in our Life
Authors: EMRE İrfan , ÇELİK Muhammed
Published: February 2021

The aim of this stud is to determine the level of the technological and pedagogical context knowledge of the fourth grade teachers in a specific unit entitled “Electiricty in Our Life”. Total of 53 teachers from the three cities contributed to this study. In order to obtain more detailed information about teachers’ TPACK levels, a mixed research method with combination of both quantitative and qualitative data collection tools was employed. For data collection, four different data collection tools were used: Questionnaire of Nature of Science, Conceptual Test related to electricity, vignette and content representations. In addition, percentages, frequencies were calculated and Pearson’s correlation analysis technique was used. The results revealed that elementary teachers did not have sufficient knowledge about the content knowledge. Moreover, insufficient knowledge was also observed in teachers’ pedagogical knowledge, learning difficulties, assesments, and learning environment, which are the components of pedagogical content knowledge. Also, according to the results, teachers had limited knowledge in overall technology knowledge and subject-related technology knowledge.
Estrategia educativa sobre las consecuencias de relación sexual precoz en adolescentes de la comunidad "El Carmen”
Authors: Matos Sharon
Published: February 2021

Introducción: La adolescencia es el periodo en el que los jóvenes comienzan a sentir curiosidad por la sexualidad y su naturaleza. La educación sexual en los adolescentes es un asunto urgente en América, y en especial en Venezuela, Objetivo: diseñar un programa de intervención educativa sobre las consecuencias de las relaciones sexuales precoces en el periodo comprendido 2017-2018. Método: estudio prospectivo, cuasiexperimental con pre test y post test de intervención educativa. La población estuvo constituida por 100 adolescentes registrados en la comunidad el Carmen y la muestra 30 adolescentes. El instrumento fue un cuestionario sobre conocimiento sobre las consecuencias de la relación sexual precoz. Se utilizó estadística descriptiva, los datos se expresaron en tablas. Resultados: Se encontró un 66,6% de los adolescentes con déficit de conocimientos, posterior a la intervención educativa se obtuvo un 89,99% que respondieron de forma acertada. Conclusión: el aumento del porcentaje de respuestas correctas hace inferir que la intervención educativa fue favorable y hubo en los adolescentes aumento el dominio cognitivo sobre las consecuencias de la relación sexual precoz. Es necesario reevaluar las estrategias a fin de mejorar el porcentaje de las respuestas en los estudiantes.
Prevención de la adicción a narcóticos dirigido a los usuarios que asisten a la consulta de traumatología de un Centro Médico
Authors: Castillo Elizabeth , Cisneros Leinad
Published: February 2021

Introducción: Enfermería mediante el cumplimiento de su función docente promueve actitudes reflexivas en los pacientes para prevenir adicción a los narcóticos. Objetivo Información para la prevención de la adicción a narcóticos que tienen los pacientes que asisten a la unidad clínica de traumatología del Centro Médico. Materiales y métodos: Estudio descriptivo, de campo, cuya población estuvo conformada por 50 usuarios, se trabajó con la totalidad, se aplicó estadística descriptiva. Los datos se recogieron mediante cuestionario con 13 ítems con escala de Likert, la validez bajo el juicio de expertos y la confiabilidad por la prueba Alfa de Crombach. Resultados: Los resultados señalan que los pacientes ingieren analgésicos distintos a los de la prescripción médica en un 80 %, aumentan la dosis diaria prescrita de analgésicos narcóticos siempre en un 50% de la población. Así como también 80% manifestaron la importancia de que los profesionales de enfermería aporten a los usuarios de traumatología información sobre la prevención de la adicción a analgésicos narcóticos. Conclusión: Los pacientes cumplen más de la dosis de analgésicos indicada por los médicos, además de combinarlos con otros no prescritos y no lo reconocen como una adicción por lo que es importante la información que los profesionales de enfermería puedan aportar al respecto.
Caracterización de la población con obstrucción de poros faciales a quienes se les aplico laserterapia en la Unidad de Dermatología UNIMEL
Authors: Rivera Pineda Zulay Marcela , Rivera Pineda Ingrid Milena , Lugo Dennis Alexander , Guía Yanes Marlín , Bastidas Díaz Carmen , Hagel López Isabel , Ollarves Ruiz Víctor Arturo
Published: February 2021

Introducción: El poro es un orificio de excreción que se encuentra en la epidermis de la piel, en donde pueden producirse problemas de eliminación deficiente del sebo en personas que presentan exceso de grasas. Objetivo: Analizar las características y tratamiento laser aplicado a la población con obstrucción de poros faciales que acuden a la consulta de la Unidad de Dermatología UNIMEL. Materiales y métodos: Estudio descriptivo, de campo, prospectivo y transversal, la población fue de 653 pacientes de ambos sexos que acudieron a la consulta de dermatología y recibieron laserterapia por presentar obstrucción de poros faciales. Se aplicó estadística descriptiva para la representación de datos. El instrumento utilizado fue una lista de registro. Resultados: Los pacientes presentaron una edad promedio de 37 años, se aplicaron diferentes tratamientos según los criterios diagnósticos, se les realizó el procedimiento de fotona Black peel en un 0,15%, Vela de Nova en un 5,05% y Qs Quimioespectra a un 94,79% que representan un total de 619 personas. Conclusión: El mayor grupo de pacientes que asistió a tratamiento se ubicó entre los 31 a 40 años de edad, un alto porcentaje mujeres afectadas por secuelas de daño facial producido por obstrucción de los poros y acumulación de sebo, un grupo importante 48,8% presenta acné posterior a los 18 años de edad.
Caracterización etnobotánica de la Lawsonia inermis L. en el Distrito José Martí Norte, Santiago de Cuba.
Authors: Urdaneta Laffita Imilci , Padró Rodríguez Lourdes , Tur Naranjo Enieyis , Izaguirre Hernández Yonal Luis
Published: February 2021

Se realizó un estudio etnobotánico de la especie Lawsonia inermis L. en el Consejo Popular “Distrito José Martí Norte”, municipio Santiago de Cuba, con el objetivo de caracterizar el uso de la especie, auxiliándonos de la metodología establecida para estudios etnobotánicos, empleando como instrumento una entrevista apoyada en la encuesta establecida en el programa de investigación aplicada a la medicina popular del Caribe (TRAMIL). Se calcularon los indicadores etnobotánicos cuantitativos: índice de valor de uso (IVU) e índice de nivel de uso significativo (NUS). Fueron entrevistadas 500 personas. El sexo predominante fue el femenino (64%); el grupo etario comprendido entre 31-40 años resultó ser el más entrevistado; el nivel de escolaridad bachiller (36,8%) y la categoría de trabajadores (68,6%) fueron los más representativos dentro de sus respectivas categorías. Tienen conocimiento de la especie 426 personas (85,2%) y de estas la utilizan 327 (76,7%). Se informaron siete usos, destacándose el de calmar los nervios con 312 citaciones, representado un 95,4%. Las partes aéreas de la planta fueron las más utilizadas. El 91% de los entrevistados emplean el método de infusión para la obtención del producto medicinal utilizando la planta en estado fresco mayormente. La vía oral resultó la forma de administración más reportada (98%). Los valores de los índices etnobotánicos cuantitativos correspondieron a un IVU igual a 0,65 y un NUS de 65% para el Consejo Popular, siendo la localidad Micro 9 la que evidenció un mayor conocimiento de uso de la especie.
Canavalia ensiformis (L): en propiedades químicas de un suelo fluvisol diferenciado
Authors: Renté Martí Osmara , Reyes Pablo Pablos , Corrales Vila Yeline , Cuevas Rodríguez Maritza , Nápoles García María Caridad
Published: February 2021

Evaluar el efecto de diferentes manejos de Canavalia ensiformis como cultivo de cobertura (CC) en propiedades químicas de un suelo Fluvisol Diferenciado fue el objetivo del trabajo. Se desarrolló en un área productiva cooperativa, en el municipio Santiago de Cuba, en condiciones de secano. Los tratamientos se establecieron atendiendo a un testigo que representó la cobertura espontánea del suelo (barbecho) y dos tratamientos con cobertura de Canavalia durante 80 días: uno sin incorporar al suelo, otro incorporado y el último como cobertura permanente en el suelo durante 120 días. Se evaluó la biomasa fresca y seca, el carbono de la biomasa (CBIOMASA), el CBIOMASA integrado al COS, la relación de Biomasa - C - CO2, y se estimó el carbono secuestrado y su captura posterior en el CO y COT y contenido de nutrientes. Los resultados fueron positivos en la mejora del suelo con respecto a su condición inicial, cuando la cobertura de Canavalia es incorporada al suelo o es mantenida permanente; el carbono estimado mostro incrementos en el contenido de C orgánico y de los nutrientes como N, P, Ca y Mg en el suelo.
ФУНКЦІЮВАННЯ МОРФОЛОГІЧНИХ ОДИНИЦЬ ЯК ЕВФЕМІЗМІВ / ДИСФЕМІЗМІВ В АСПЕКТІ ГРАМАТИКИ ОЦІНКИ
Authors: Халіман О. В.
Published: February 2021

У статті описано особливості функціювання морфологічних одиниць як евфемізмів / дисфемізмів в аспекті граматики оцінки в сучасній українській мові. Для аналізу обрано поліфункційні засоби, які репрезентують механізми з полярними аксіологічними смислами, що дає змогу змінювати аксіологічний вектор уживання мовного засобу в конкретній ситуації спілкування. У результаті дослідження засвідчено використання форм середнього роду як евфемізмів і числових форм (удаваної пошанності, однини агресивної) як дисфемізмів у процесі моделювання оцінних значень.
МОРФОЛОГІЧНО АКЦЕНТОВАНІ ПОВТОРИ ЯК СТИЛІСТИЧНИЙ ПРИЙОМ У ПОЕТИЦІ
Authors: Калашник О. В. , Олексенко О. А.
Published: February 2021

У статті проаналізовано прагматичний потенціал повторів окремих морфологічних класів слів як стилістичного прийому у вираженні експресивно-емотивних інтенцій сучасних українських поетів-ліриків. Найбільш поширеними виявилися дейктичні повтори, зокрема займенників 1, 2 особи, як самодостатні чи як складники різноманітних стилістичних фігур, що зумовлено специфікою «безіменності» ліричних творів. Повторювані граматично основні частини мови — іменник та дієслово — також стилістично акцентовані. Повтор службових слів, зокрема сполучників і часток, нюансує модальність, сприяє художній виразності твору.
ДИДАКТИЧНИЙ ПОТЕНЦІАЛ КОРПУСУ ТРАНСКРИБОВАНОГО УКРАЇНСЬКОГО УСНОГО МОВЛЕННЯ
Authors: Плахотнікова О. Ю.
Published: February 2021

У статті продемонстровано основні практичні можливості Корпусу українського транскрибованого усного мовлення для дослідження фонетичних особливостей українського мовлення та обґрунтовано доцільність використання цього Корпусу в навчальному процесі (у викладанні курсу української мови для студентів-філологів). З’ясовано, що навчання студентів на основі Корпусу дало їм змогу отримати й закріпити практичні навички роботи з аудіозаписами усного мовлення та комп’ютерними програмами Praat i ELAN, а також поглибити й практично застосувати теоретичні знання з української фонетики з метою набуття фахових навичок науково-дослідницької роботи.
КОГНІТИНО-ДИСКУРСИВНЕ ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ РОСІЙСЬКОГО СКЛАДНОГО РЕЧЕННЯ
Authors: Степанченко І. І.
Published: February 2021

Палатовская Е. В. Сложное предложение в когнитивно-дискурсивном аспекте. Киев: ПП «Фiрма ”Гранмна“», 2019. 400 с. Монографiя Олени Володимирівни Палатовської присвячена актуальному, недостатньо вивченому в лінгвістиці аспектові когнітивно-дискурсивного дослідження російського складного речення. Цінність обраного авторкою монографії підходу до вивчення цієї синтаксичної одиниці полягає не лише в тому, що він відповідає канонам сучасного антропоцентричного напряму в лінгвістиці, а ще й у тому, що врахування сучасних напрацювань суміжних з лінгвістикою наук дає змогу висунути й обґрунтувати методологiйнi положення, що відображують реальні процеси сприйняття і породження мови, а не лише теоретично моделюють їх.
The Contemporary Yemen Unity (1990-2019) the Foregrounds and Aftermaths, (Historical Perspective)
Authors: Al-Jbarat Dr. Mahmmoud
Published: February 2021

The Yemen Unity has always been and will remain a vital and crucial issue for Yemen, the Yemeni people, and the Arabian Peninsula's present and future generations. It corresponds to its entities political future, the Arabian Peninsula's strategic position, wealth, regional and international role, the effects of such unity "or division" upon the region's peoples and the overall reflection on the problems and risks which threaten the Arab World and, as a consequence, the region, and the world as a whole.
This study tries, in the light of such importance, to present an objective summary over the development of this unity, indicating the contributing factors and the division reasons through a historical perspective which highlights the events and tries to submit an analysis over the modern Yemeni Unity path which constitutes a point of concern for the contemporary Arab thought.
The study hypothesizes that the Riyadh Agreement has constituted a turning point and focalization climax of the regional parties' attitude towards the Yemeni unity and that the development of subsequent international approaches, in this concern, will drastically affect the Yemeni future and unity.
Some ‘Terrestrial’ and ‘Celestial’ Issues Encountered in Dowsing ‘Old World’ Historical Sites
Authors: Caddy John F.
Published: February 2021

In the following text I’ve pulled together some observations on the effects of celestial and ground energies I have run into while dowsing in Italy. But this ‘Old World’ perspective comes from a Canadian who has been resident in Italy for almost 40 years.
I discuss dowsing the influences of ground and sky energy, following a hypothesis often used by those sensitive to paranormal phenomena. That is that potentially, humans have access to much more information about their environment than is available to the conscious mind, and that dowsing without equipment is also an option. In fact, it is necessary to go outside the usual boundaries of dowsing to make some important points. For example, Figure 1 suggested by Long (1948), should be borne in mind as my guiding hypothesis:
It is worth asking the subconscious mind ‘his/her’ opinion on events that are affecting the subjective or conscious mind. In my case, having spent the recent pandemic alone, and since I became a widower last year, I’ve come to appreciate the viewpoint of my subconscious. No doubt some would describe this as a mental aberration but I now have ‘conversations’ with my subconscious, whom I address as ‘Frederick’. His answers to my questions, when they come, often later, appear as spontaneous thoughts or in dreams, and have proven their worth in practice.
Erudite Women’s Outstanding Contribution to the Indian Medical Education: A Recognition on International Women’s Day 2021
Authors: Bansal Manishi , Raheja Shashi
Published: February 2021

Women education is the first and the most important step towards attaining women empowerment. Writing and publishing textbooks for medical education is a challenging work, especially by women. This article intends to compile personal information and books published by women in different specialities so as to give recognition to such women on this International Women’s Day. Forty women were shortlisted who have either written or edited textbooks, out of which gynaecology and anatomy were the dominant specialities where contribution of the women was seen maximum. Along with textbooks, these women have many publications in indexed journals and are the recipient of famous awards in their fields. Contributions of these empowered women should be documented more often in literature so that more and more younger women get to know them.
ПОЛИТИКА ФРАНЦУСКЕ ПРЕМА КНЕЖЕВИНИ СРБИЈИ У ВРЕМЕ ОДРЖАВАЊА ПРЕОБРАЖЕНСКЕ СКУПШТИНЕ 1861. ГОДИНЕ
Authors: Татић Урош
Published: February 2021

Савети руског министра спољних послова Александра Михаиловича Горчакова и француског министра спољних послова Едуара Тувнела (Antoine Edouard Thouvenel) дати специјалном изасланику српске владе Јовану Мариновићу за време мисије у Петрограду децембра 1860, и у Паризу фебруара 1861, и неуспех у директним преговорима с Портом 1860–1861. године одлучујуће су утицали на Правитељство да убрзано приступи промени унутрашњег уређења земље доношењем специјалних закона. Слични Тувнеловим били су и предлози које је 1861. француски амбасадор у Цариграду маркиз Шарл Лавалет (Lavalette, Charles Jean-Marie Félix, marquis de) дао специјалном изасланику у преговорима с Портом Илији Гарашанину. Охрабрен ставовима Париза и Петрограда, кнез Михаило Обреновић ће, не мењајући га формално, стварно изменити Устав Кнежевине Србије из 1838. године.
ПЛАНИРАЊЕ СРПСКЕ ЧЕТНИЧКЕ АКЦИЈЕ У СТАРОЈ СРБИЈИ И МАКЕДОНИЈИ 1897. ГОДИНЕ
Authors: Шешум Урош
Published: February 2021

Током 1895. и 1896. године Етники хетерија и врховистички комитет су убацивали чете из Грчке и Бугарске на територију Османског царства, у намери да изазову устанак хришћана и револуционарним путем остваре територијално проширење Грчке и Бугарске на рачун Турске. Током заоштравања критске кризе 1897, у месецима који су претходили грчко-турском рату, у кругу око председника српске владе Ђорђа Симића, јавила се бојазан да ће Грчка преко својих комитета подићи устанак у јужној Македонији, а да ће, уколико се то догоди, Бугарска искористити комитет да учинити исто у турским областима настањеним Словенима егзархистима. Како би у случају евентуалног устанка Србија остварила утицај на побуњени народ, у Београду се од фебруара 1897. године радило на формирању чета за слање у Турску. Неколико чета је формирано и оне су издржаване до јуна 1897, када су распуштене, пошто је постало јасно да до устанка у Турској неће доћи. Једна расформирна чета покушала је почетком августа 1897. да се на своју руку пребаци преко границе у Турску, али су је грешком уништили српски граничари. Рад је написан на основу објављене и необјављене српске архивске грађе и у мањој мери литературе.
Resource rents in the diamond industry 2014–19: Rents, issues, methods, and data availability
Authors: Löf Anton , Löf Olof , Ericsson Magnus
Published: February 2021

The focus of this study is rent in the diamond industry. Based on extensive datasets and a discussion of all relevant costs, we present resource rent statistics from the diamond industry in key producer countries in emerging economies such as Angola, Botswana, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Lesotho, Namibia, Sierra Leone, and South Africa, as well as the Russian Federation. Resource rents give an indication of the available space for taxation. To use this potential tax space effectively in the long term without changing the investment behaviour of the mining companies and the long-term viability of the industry, all costs, such as environmental and financial costs, must be included. The study attempts to expand on earlier work by the World Bank to calculate mineral rents for mining industries other than the diamond industry. Rent calculated as precisely as possible is an important basis for wealth calculations and for mineral policy development.
Do gender wage differences within households influence women’s empowerment and welfare? Evidence from Ghana
Authors: Danquah Michael , Iddrisu Abdul Malik , Boakye Ernest Owusu , Owusu Solomon
Published: February 2021

Using household data from the latest wave of the Ghana Living Standards Survey, this paper utilizes machine learning techniques to examine the effect of gender wage differences within households on women’s empowerment and welfare in Ghana. The structural parameters of the post-double selection LASSO estimations show that a reduction in household gender wage gap significantly enhances women’s empowerment. Also, a decline in household gender wage gap results meaningfully in improving household welfare. Particularly, the increasing effect on women’s welfare resulting from decreases in household gender wage differences is much higher than for the household welfare. The findings showcase the need to vigorously adopt policies that both increase the quantity and quality of jobs for women and address gender barriers that inhibit women from accessing these jobs opportunities in sub-Saharan Africa.
Pioneras. La constitución del movimiento feminista en Rosario
Authors: Bortolotti Mariana , Figueroa Noelia Eva , Viano Cristina
Published: February 2021

Con este artículo buscamos exponer los resultados de una investigación reciente en torno a la trayectoria política y organizativa de los primeros grupos feministas en la Ciudad de Rosario, Argentina. Situamos los primeros pasos de este movimiento en la década del 80, entre el fin de la última dictadura y los comienzos del proceso de recuperación de la democracia. A partir de historizar el proceso de conformación de tres grupos diferentes, pero contemporáneos entre sí, damos cuenta de las diversas miradas y temáticas abordadas, de las procedencias políticas, generacionales y de clase de estas mujeres, de sus agencias y de sus devenires. Nuestro trabajo se respalda en la historia oral como perspectiva investigativa y parte del análisis de testimonios directos de las protagonistas del movimiento en esos años, así como de otras fuentes escritas de la época.
Analisis Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Masyarakat Muslim Melakukan Wakaf Saham
Authors: Sahal Anwar
Published: February 2021

Abstract: The purpose of this research is to analyze the factors of product knowledge, Islamic religiosity, consumer attitude, trust, intention, and consumer behavior that influencing Moslem societies in contributing to the waqf of shares. This research uses survey data from questionnaires which distributed to 220 respondents who live in areas of DKI Jakarta, Bogor, Depok, Tangerang, and Bekasi. Respondent data is processed using SEM analysis method which supported by Smart PLS application. The result of this research shows that the factors of product knowledge and trust are not significant influence on intention factor of Moslem societies in contributing on waqf of shares. Islamic religiosity and consumer attitude factors have positive and significant influence on intention factor. Meanwhile, intention factor has positive and very significant influence on consumer behavior factor with a statistic value of 22,963. Suggestions based on research result: first, it is necessary to hold a literacy and education program for Moslem societies in order to the understanding and knowledge of Moslem societies about waqf of shares are better. Second, it is necessary to hold a certification program for nazhir so that Moslem societies’ trust in nazhir increases.

Keywords: Moslem Societies, Intention, Waqf of Shares.
The Influence Of Risk Based Capital, Investment Returns, and Operational Costs, On the Surplus Underwriting Of Islamic Insurance Companies at the 2014-2018 Period
Authors: Fusen Nita Yolanda Oktavia , Tanuatmodjo Heraeni , Cakhyaneu Aneu
Published: February 2021

This study aims to see the overview and influence of risk based capital, investment returns, and operational costs, on the surplus underwriting in Sharia general insurance companies in Indonesia period 2014-2018. Surplus underwriting over the past five years has been fluctuating and almost all sharia general insurance companies in Indonesia have decreased. This is due to the decline in performance and financial instruments in Sharia general insurance companies in Indonesia. The research methods used in this study are causality methods with a quantitative approach. The population in this research is the Sharia general insurance company registered with Otoritas Jasa Keuangan (OJK). The method used for sampling in research is by purposive sampling with the number of samples as many as eleven Sharia general insurance companies in Indonesia for 5 years of research. The data used is secondary data. The statistical analysis technique used in this study was the analysis of a regression of data panels using the Eviews 9 application. The dependent variables in this study are surplus underwriting and independent variables in this research are risk based capital, investment returns, and operational costs. The results showed that risk based capital positively affect the surplus underwriting, investment returns positively affect the surplus underwritimg and operational cost positively affect the surplus underwriting
MODEL PENGEMBANGAN ISLAMIC MICROFINANCE BERBASIS KOPERASI SYARIAH (Studi Pada Pengrajin Mebeul Di Cipacing Kabupaten Sumedang)
Authors: Marlina Ropi , Nurhayati Ade
Published: February 2021

Penelitian ini dasarkan pada fenomena masalah yang ada dalam UMKM khususnya industri mebeul. Permasalahan yang dimaksud meliputi, produk, SDM dan permodalan. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk memperolah sebuah model pengembangan mikrofinance yang bisa berkontribusi pada UMKM. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa koperasi syariah merupakan salah satu lembaga mikrofinance yang bisa diharapkan mampu menjadi solusi dalam mengatasi permasalahan khususnya pemodalan dalam UMKM mebeul di Cipacing. Dengan model akad mudharabah dan musyarakah koperasi syariah bisa dijadikan salah satu bentuk pembiaayan terhadap pelaku UMKM. Selain itu koperasi syariah sebagai wadah juga bisa dijadikan mitra untuk pengembangan UMKM mebel yang ada di daerah Cipacing Jawa Barat. Penelitian ini berimplikasi bahwa keberadaan Koperasi bisa dijadikan alternanif solusi oleh para pelaku UMKM mebel di daerah cipacing terutama dalam hal permodalan dan pemasaran.

Keywords :  UMKM, Microfinance, Koperasi Syariah.
Experiencia y transmisión intergeneracional
Authors:   , Paganini Mariana
Published: February 2021

El objetivo general de esta investigación es contribuir al campo de estudios de la memoria social a partir de un acercamiento a los procesos de transmisión intergeneracional en los ex Centros Clandestinos de Detención Tortura y Exterminio "recuperados". Específicamente, esta tesis indaga en las experiencias de los/las jóvenes que visitaron el Espacio para la memoria y la promoción de los derechos humanos ex Olimpo entre 2015 y 2017. A partir de una metodología etnográfica que combina el análisis de la bibliografía disponible y de las observaciones y entrevistas realizadas durante el trabajo de campo, en el primer capítulo, se explica cómo fue el proceso de construcción de la propuesta pedagógica en el ex Olimpo, quiénes participaron de él y cómo se fue configurando el lugar asignado a las nuevas generaciones en la definición de sus principales líneas de acción. En el segundo capítulo, se analizan las configuraciones narrativas construidas en el Espacio a través de dos dispositivos de transmisión: las señalizaciones del lugar y las visitas guiadas. A partir de las mismas, se indaga en cómo se vincula la narrativa propuesta por el ex Olimpo con otros discursos que circulan socialmente sobre el pasado reciente. En el tercer capítulo, se explican las formas en las que los/las jóvenes interactúan con la propuesta pedagógica del ex Olimpo y cuáles son sus experiencias allí. Finalmente, en las conclusiones, se retoman los ejes principales de lo expuesto en los capítulos y se plantean algunas líneas de exploración posibles para abordar en futuras instancias de la investigación.
Monte Carlo method for determination and analysis damage to the power system
Authors: Marmysh D. E. , Babaed U. I.
Published: February 2021

The purpose of the work, the results of which are presented within the framework of the article, was to develop algorithms for calculating the damage to a solid or a system of solids based on the Monte Carlo method and the analytical boundary element method. The analytical boundary element method was used to calculate and analyze the stress-strain state of a solid under the distributed surface load. Based on indicators of the stress state, the algorithms for numerically assessing the dangerous volume and integral damage using the Monte Carlo methods, have been developed. Based on the pattern of distribution of stress fields, the technique of determining the area for randomly generating integration nodes is described. General recommendations have been developed for determining the boundaries of a subdomain containing a dangerous volume. Based on the features of the Monte Carlo methods, a numerical assessment of the indicators of damage of continuous media for a different number of integration nodes was carried out. Methods and algorithms were used to calculate the dangerous volume and integral damage in the plane and spatial cases for the two most common laws of the distribution of surface forces in the contact mechanics of solids: in case of contact interaction of two non-conformal bodies (Hertz problem) and when a non deformable rigid stamp is pressed into elastic half-plane or half-space. The scientific novelty of the work is to combine analytical and numerical approaches for the quantitative assessment of damage indicators of the power system. As a result the quantitative indicators of the dangerous volume (in the flat case - the dangerous area) and the integral damage of the half-plane and half-space related to the value of the applied load are obtained.
Investigation of the process of reactive ion-beam sputtering of gallium arsenide using optical emission spectroscopy
Authors: Тelesh E. V.
Published: February 2021

The aim of this work was to study the process of reactive ion-beam sputtering of gallium arsenide using optical emission analysis of plasma in the target region to determine the optimal conditions for the formation of intrinsic GaAs oxides. The ion source was a plasmatron based on an anode layer accelerator (UAS), which generated a stream of accelerated argon and oxygen ions with an energy of 400–1200 eV. The target was made from tellurium doped gallium arsenide. Intense GaI lines (2874.2 Å, 2943.6 Å, 4033.0 Å and 4172.1 Å), atomic argon ArI, argon ions, and also FeI lines were detected in the spectrum upon sputtering of GaAs by Ar+ ions. The appearance of iron lines can be explained by the sputtering of the pole tips of the magnetic system of the ion source. An increase in the accelerating voltage from 1 to 3 kV leads to an increase in the intensity of the peaks of atomic gallium GaI (4172.1 Å) by 2.38 times, the GaI line (4033.0 Å) by 3.25 times, the GaI line (2943.6 Å) 3.4 times, GaI lines (2874.2 Å) 5 times. It was found that an increase in the partial pressure of oxygen leads to a sharp decrease in the peaks of GaI (4033.0 Å) and GaI (4172.1 Å) due to the chemical interaction of gallium and oxygen. Sputtering in pure oxygen reduces the intensity of these peaks by 8 and 5 times, respectively. The intensities of the peaks of atomic gallium GaI (2874.2 Å) and GaI (2943.6 Å) decreased in 2 and 1.78 times, respectively. In the presence of a positive potential on the target, the intensity of all lines of atomic gallium monotonically decreases with increasing potential. In the emission spectrum, lines of atomic oxygen OI (7774.2 Å) and molecular positive ions O+2 (6418.7 Å, 6026.4 Å, 5631.9 Å and 5295.7 Å) were detected. In the presence of a positive potential on the target, a monotonic decrease in the intensity of the above oxygen lines was observed. This indicates an intensification of chemical interaction of oxygen with target elements and, accordingly, a decrease in the free active oxygen particles.
Method for analisis of the structure and properties of regenerated polimer fibrous filter for thin cleaning of airl
Authors: Kravtsov A. G. , Tumilovich M. V. , Pilinevich L. P.
Published: February 2021

Stricter requirements for the quality and reliability of manufactured products, as well as the need to increase the service life of machines, mechanisms and various devices, the operation of which is associated with the use of liquid or gas-air media, is the reason for the emergence of new and improvement of traditional methods for obtaining filter materials with higher performance characteristics. A method for a comprehensive analysis of the properties of regenerated filter materials for fine air purification is proposed. The overwhelming majority of filters, after their service life is exhausted, cannot be regenerated, since this, as a rule, is associated with high energy costs. At the same time, the development of methods for such regeneration is quite relevant from the point of view of resource conservation. In this regard, the purpose of this work is to use a number of physical research methods for the purpose of a comprehensive analysis of polymeric fibrous filter materials for air purification that have undergone regeneration. Filtration materials obtained by the «melt-blowing» method from polymer granules by processing the granulate in an extruder, aerodynamic spraying of the melt and the formation of a fibrous-porous layer on a forming mandrel were selected for research. The main filtration characteristics of the original and regenerated filter materials (breakthrough coefficient, aerodynamic drag),as well as the electrophysical properties of the primary and secondary filter materials, the presence of a spontaneous electret charge have been investigated. The main stages of regeneration and evaluation of physicochemical, mechanical and operational properties of fibrous-porous materials that have undergone secondary thermo-aerodynamic processing in comparison with the original ones are described. It is shown that the studied materials retain their basic properties, while the structure of the fibers changes and the electret effect is enhanced.