bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Proof-of-Concept Simulasi Kadar Saturasi Oksigen untuk Evaluasi Pulse Oximeter
Authors: UGHI FUAD
Published: April 2018

ABSTRAKSimulator SpO2 yang mengemulasikan sinyal yang ekuivalen dengan saturasi oksigen pada manusia, dapat digunakan untuk evaluasi repeatibility pulse oximeter. Simulator ini tersedia di pasaran dengan harga yang cukup mahal di Indonesia, di kisaran 80-100 juta rupiah. Studi ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan simulator SpO2 dengan biaya rendah, menggunakan komponen elektronika umum yang ada di pasaran. Karakteristik simulasi mengacu kepada referensi yang diambil dari simulator komersial dengan menggunakan sistem akuisisi data berbasis LabVIEW. Kadar saturasi oksigen disimulasikan dengan mengatur intensitas cahaya light emitting diode (LED), untuk meniru penyerapan cahaya oleh darah pada pembuluh arteri. Digital to analog converter digunakan sebagai LED driver, untuk mengatur besar tegangan ke LED yang berbanding lurus dengan intensitas cahaya. Sebagai pembuktian konsep, studi ini berhasil menyimulasikan kadar saturasi oksigen 80% dengan galat mencapai 11.25%, dan 80 denyut jantung per menit dengan galat 6.25%. Hasil simulasi belum bisa dibandingkan dengan simulator komersial, karena hasil yang belum stabil. Total biaya untuk komponen perangkat keras, mencapai satu juta rupiah.Kata kunci: simulator, saturasi oksigen, pulse oximeter, digital to analog converter, light emitting diode ABSTRACTSpO2 simulator, which emulates signal that equivalent to oxygen saturation level of human, can be used to evaluate repeatibility of pulse oximeter. SpO2 simulators are available in Indonesia, but the price is quite expensive, in range of 80-100 million rupiah. The study aims to develop low-cost SpO2 simulator, using common electronic components. Characteristic of simulation refer to reference data, which taken from commercial simulator using LabVIEW based data acquisition system. Level of oxygen saturation is simulated by adjusting beam intensity of light emitting diode (LED), to imitate light absorbance by arterial blood. Digital to analog converter is used as LED driver, to control voltage to LED that directly proportional to light intensity. As a proof of concept, SpO2 simulation has been successfully performed at level 80% with error reaches 11.25% deviation, and heart rate 80 beat per minute with error reaches 6.25%. The simulation result had not compared yet to a commercial simulator, due to the unstable result. Total cost for hardware components of the prototype is around one million rupiah.Keywords: simulator, oxygen saturation, pulse oximeter, digital to analog converter, light emitting diode
Rancang Bangun Sistem Pengukur Massa Tubuh dan Panjang Badan Elektronik Terintegrasi untuk Evaluasi Gizi Balita
Authors: AKBAR WILLY AULIA , RACHMAT HENDI HANDIAN
Published: April 2018

ABSTRAKPada saat ini, monitoring gizi balita dievaluasi berdasarkan perkembangan massa tubuh dan panjang badan balita setiap bulan menggunakan 2 buah alat ukur dan memasukkan data pengukuran secara manual pada grafik Kartu Menuju Sehat (KMS). Proses pengukuran ini relatif lama dilakukan. Untuk mempercepat proses monitoring, maka pada studi ini dilakukan rancang bangun sistem pengukur massa tubuh dan panjang badan elektronik terintegrasi berbasis Personal Computer (PC). Sistem ini memanfaatkan sensor strain gauge dan transducer ultrasonik untuk mengukur massa tubuh dan panjang badan balita. Kedua alat ukur tersebut diintegrasikan dalam sebuah box bayi kayu. Data hasil pengukuran diolah dengan Arduino Nano dan dikirimkan ke PC untuk proses evaluasi, penyimpanan dan penampilan kondisi gizi balita secara otomatis. Dari hasil pengujian, sistem telah berhasil mengukur massa tubuh dan panjang badan dengan nilai kepresisian secara berturut-turut adalah 150 gr dan 0,12 cm. Sistem juga telah dapat mengevaluasi dan menampilkan gizi balita di PC dalam bentuk digital KMS.Kata kunci: gizi balita, massa tubuh, panjang badan, strain gauge, terintegrasi, transducer ultrasonik.ABSTRACTRecently, the toddler’s nutrient is evaluated based on a monthly body weight and length progress which are measured by two different devices and analyzed manually from Kartu Menuju Sehat (KMS), toddler’s health curve standard. These producers indeed take a time much longer. In order to speed up the monitoring procedures, we designed and implemented a Personal Computer (PC) based integrated body weight scale and body length measurement device system. The system utilized four strain gauge sensors and an ultrasonic transducer module to measure body weight and length, respectively. Both devices were integrated in a toddler wood box. The measurement data was processed using an Arduino Nano and subsequently transmitted to a PC for further automatic evaluating, recording and displaying the toddler’s nutrient condition. The experiment results showed that the system has been successful to measure the body weight and length with precision of 150 gr and 0,12 cm, respectively. The system has been able to evaluate and display the toddler nutrient condition on the PC in digital KMS format.Keywords: body length, body weight, integrated system, strain gauge, toddler’s nutrient, ultrasonic transducer.
A FOOLish Encoding of the Next State Relations of Imperative Programs
Authors: Kotelnikov Evgenii , Kovács Laura , Voronkov Andrei
Published: April 2018

Automated theorem provers are routinely used in program analysis and verification for checking program properties. These properties are translated from program fragments to formulas expressed in the logic supported by the theorem prover. Such translations can be complex and require deep knowledge of how theorem provers work in order for the prover to succeed on the translated formulas. Our previous work introduced FOOL, a modification of first-order logic that extends it with syntactical constructs resembling features of programming languages. One can express program properties directly in FOOL and leave translations to plain first-order logic to the theorem prover. 

In this paper we present a FOOL encoding of the next state relations of imperative programs. Based on this encoding we implement a translation of imperative programs annotated with their pre- and post-conditions to partial correctness properties of these programs. We present experimental results which demonstrate that program properties translated using our method can be efficiently checked by the first-order theorem prover Vampire.
Загрози енергетичній безпеці України
Authors: Matviichuk Nataliia
Published: April 2018

Проаналізовано наявні підходи до класифікації загроз енергетичній безпеці держави. На основі оцінки індикаторів енергетичної безпеки України виділено основні загрози національній безпеці держави в енергетичній сфері. Установлено, що однією з вагомих загроз енергетичній безпеці України є значний рівень залежності від імпорту енергоносіїв, що несе ризики економічного та політичного впливу інших держав, залежність від світової кон’юнктури ринку. Виявлено тенденцію до поступової нейтралізації загроз енергетичній безпеці за допомогою зменшення імпорту природного газу й диверсифікації поставок. Обґрунтовано, що постійний моніторинг загроз енергетичній безпеці є необхідним для захисту національних інтересів України, основою формування цілей та завдань енергетичної політики, вибору форм і методів забезпечення енергетичної безпеки.
Кліматична безпека: сутність та необхідність фінансового забезпечення
Authors: Prots Nataliya
Published: April 2018

У статті досліджено антропогенний вплив на навколишнє середовище;  висвітлено фінансові аспекти забезпечення кліматичної безпеки та формування кліматичної політики; з’ясовано, що кліматична безпека – це захищеність екосистем і пов’язаних із ними форм спільного життя людей від глобальних кліматичних змін і їхніх наслідків, кліматичний ризик – це міра, у якій ця система сприйнятлива до впливу негативних наслідків у результаті зміни клімату й неспроможна протистояти негативним впливам зміни клімату, уключаючи його мінливість та екстремальні кліматичні явища. До основних ризиків належать природні, техногенні, екологічні. В Україні кліматичні ризики проявляються у сфері сільського господарства: утрати врожаю, зміни періодів дозрівання сільськогосподарських культур і підвищення їх здатності до ураження шкідниками; у сфері водних ресурсів – це порушення гідродинамічного режиму та водного балансу річок; деградація водних ресурсів; в енергетичній сфері – ускладнення функціонування об’єктів гідроенергетики; у сфері охорони здоров’я населення – збільшення кількості потерпілих від теплових ударів.

Запропоновано для втілення цілей державої політики протидій зміні клімату забезпечити розробку механізму фінансового забезпечення її реалізації. Фінансовий механізм протидії зміні клімату та адаптації до таких змін уключає нормативно-правове, інформаційне й організаційне забезпечення, скукупність фінансових методів та інструментів, що забезпечують формування фінансових ресурсів для досягнення визначених цілей. Основні джерела фінансування заходів реалізації кліматичної політики – це кошти державного та місцевих бюджетів, міжнародних фінансових організацій, Фонду енергоефективності, інвестиційних компаній. У майбутньому доцільно застосовувати механізми співфінансування за участю держави, місцевої влада, суб’єктів господарювань, домогосподарств, міжнародних фондів.
Formation and Development of the European Union Monetary and Financial Mechanism of Anti-Crisis Regulation
Authors: Syshchuk Andrii , Teteruk Olha
Published: April 2018

The nature, functions and structure of the monetary and financial mechanism of anti-crisis regulation in the EU are explored. In particular, the role of the European System of Central Banks and the European Commission in this mechanism is analyzed. The formation of a banking union in the EU and its components are also considered, with special attention being paid to the European Stabilization Mechanism. The conditions, stages and consequences of cooperation between the European Stabilization Mechanism and Greece are analyzed. The International Monetary Fund’s assessment of the austerity measures applied by the European Stabilization Mechanism for Greece and other countries is presented.
Innovataive Enterprice Development on the Basis of Process, Social and Competent Corporate Governance
Authors: Makara Oksana , Mialkovska Victoria
Published: April 2018

The article deals with approaches to the definition of the essence of corporate governance, both domestic and foreign scholars. The essence, advantages and features of application of process and socially competentcorporate management are formulated. The urgency of their implementation for the purpose of providing innovative development of domestic enterprises is investigated.
Концептуальні засади використання системи збалансованих показників як джерела підвищення ефективності міжнародних вантажних перевезень
Authors: Platonov Artem
Published: April 2018

У статті сформовано концептуальні засади використання системи збалансованих показників як джерела підвищення ефективності міжнародних вантажних перевезень у роботі вітчизняних автотранспортних підприємств. Методологія ґрунтується на використанні теорії систем, методу комплексного підходу, теорії діяльності. Розглянуто вихідну концепцію використання системи збалансованих показників, розроблену Р. Капланом та Д. Нортоном, охарактеризовано зміст проекцій «фінанси», «клієнти», «навчання й кар’єрне зростання (персонал)», «внутрішні бізнес-процеси» в контексті управління автотранспортним підприємством, що здійснює міжнародні вантажні перевезення. Ґрунтуючись на характеристиці змісту проекцій, відзначено, що для вітчизняних автотранспортних підприємств потрібен персонал (рівень навчання й розвитку), який надає якісні послуги з організації міжнародних вантажних перевезень (рівень внутрішніх бізнес-процесів), тоді клієнт буде задоволений (рівень перспектив розвитку клієнтів), і автотранспортне підприємство досягне стратегічних фінансових цілей (рівень фінансових перспектив). Акцентовано на продуктивності персоналу, його задоволеності. Сформовано причинно-наслідковий ланцюг стратегічних цілей автотранспортних підприємств для підвищення ефективності міжнародних вантажних перевезень. Ключовою стратегічною метою визначено зростання вартості бізнесу (або посилення позиції на ринку), проведено деталізацію цілей фінансової діяльності підприємства, організації роботи з клієнтами, побудови внутрішніх бізнес-процесів і роботи з персоналом. Визначено логіку розробки заходів щодо впровадження ЗСП у роботу автотранспортних підприємств, що передбачає установлення бачення розвитку компанії; визначення стратегічних цілей, оцінних показників, їхніх цільових значень та способів розрахунку; формування причинно-наслідкових ланцюгів стратегічних цілей; їх каскадування; розробку плану стратегічних заходів та заходів підтримки, оновлення й розвитку ЗСП. Представлено алгоритм реалізації управління автотранспортним підприємством, що працює у сфері міжнародних вантажних перевезень, на основі системи збалансованих показників, який складається з таких етапів, як розробка показників, виявлення причинного зв’язку, розробка ієрархії карт показників, установлення взаємозв’язків із мотивацією персоналу, підготовка інфраструктури інформаційних технологій, отримання й урахування зворотного зв’язку.
The Impact of Monetary and Non-Monetary Factors of Motivation on Employee Productivity
Authors: Mokhniuk Anna , Yushchyshyna Larysa
Published: April 2018

It is evident that a number of distinct factors are involved in the performance of an employee: his inborn abilities and his character traits; the basic knowledge and the experience he has acquired in the past; and above all, the degree to which he is motivated. In this article consideration is given to motivation as being the factor which has the strongest and the most rapid influence. Our primary objective was to investigate the effectiveness of different methods for enhancing employee motivation in an organization. An initial point to underline in connection with the findings of this study is that we have devised a definition for an additional category that we have examined, one which involves factors that improve performance not because they involve some specific benefits that may be obtained, but because they make it possible to avoid some unpleasant circumstances that could develop if performance is not improved. We refer to these factors as «adverse consequence avoidance factors»: they could be linked with the fear of receiving sharp criticism from a superior, the fear of being observed by others during the process of being reprimanded, or ultimately the fear of being discharged. A survey was conducted to devise a ranking of the various factors in terms of their influence on personnel productivity. The results of the study demonstrate that the employees’ fear of being discharged or of receiving a sharp criticism from their superior are important factors, that increase productivity of Ukrainian workers. Moreover, the results of the survey indicated that there are three factors which influence labour productivity more than any others – having a satisfactory basic salary, obtaining bonuses and receiving verbal or written recognition. Having access to free parking or feeling that one’s job provides a personal challenge are considered to be less influential factors. However, there are significant differences between the groups with respect to some specific factors. The combinations of monetary and non-monetary incentives that have the highest influence on employee performance are suggested for different staff groups: top, middle and low level managers, and professional and supporting staff.
Organogénesis a partir de hojas de lisianthus (Eustoma grandiflorum) en respuesta a diferentes reguladores de crecimiento
Authors: Falcón-Bautista Maribel , Rodríguez-Domínguez Josué Manuel , Barba-González Rodrigo
Published: April 2018

Las características del lisianthus la hacen una flor de corte de gran interés, por lo que es necesario generar conocimiento acerca de su producción empleando técnicas como la micropropagación favoreciendo una multiplicación rápida y masiva, con plantas libres de patógenos. La organogénesis, resultado de utilizar reguladores de crecimiento de diferente modo de acción (auxina, citocinina y giberelina), incluyó la formación tanto de brotes como de raíces que se generaron en algunos casos de manera directa y en otros a partir de callo, utilizando segmentos foliares como explante. La adición de bajas concentraciones de citocinina y giberelina (1.0 mg/L benciladenina (BA) + 0.5 mg/L ácido giberélico (GA3)) al medio de cultivo, fueron necesarias para generar el mayor número de brotes (14.16 brotes por explante).
A PRODUÇÃO DO PROFESSOR NA FORMAÇÃO CONTINUADA DO PNAIC: ressonâncias da racionalidade neoliberal
Authors: Bragamon Patrícia Luciene Albuquerque , Possa Leandra Bôer
Published: April 2018

O presente texto faz parte da Dissertação intitulada Rastros e vestígios das práticas de produção do professor alfabetizador: uma história a ser considerada na formação continuada, apresentada no Programa de Pós-Graduação em Políticas Públicas e Gestão Educacional, da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, que objetivou implicar a formação continuada a uma análise das práticas de produção do professor alfabetizador no Brasil. A partir dos Estudos Foucaultianos em Educação, em especial da ferramenta governamentalidade, entendeu-se a produção do professor alfabetizador na formação continuada do PNAIC, no contexto da racionalidade neoliberal.
LA RECONFIGURACIÓN DEL MEDIO RURAL EN GALICIA (ESPAÑA): algunas reflexiones acerca de su enseñanza en la sociedad postindustrial
Authors: Quintá Francisco Xosé Armas , Lestegás Francisco Rodríguez , Arce Xosé Carlos Macía
Published: April 2018

La inmersión en la sociedad de la información, entre otros factores, está teniendo un importante impacto a nivel social, económico, cultural, etc. y las áreas rurales no han quedado al margen de este proceso. Desde la segunda mitad del pasado siglo el medio rural en Galicia ha iniciado un fuerte proceso de desagrarización acompañado de intensos procesos migratorios, bien hacia el extranjero (Latinoamérica y Europa), bien hacia otros destinos nacionales y regionales. La progresiva terciarización de la economía del medio rural en esta región, unido a la difusión de las tecnologías de la información y de la comunicación, está configurando diferentes ruralidades que el alumnado debe conocer. En el presente artículo se estudia cómo se está llevando a cabo la enseñanza del medio rural en Galicia en las aulas de bachillerato revisando, de un lado, los contenidos curriculares, y del otro, diversos libros de texto publicados por algunas de las editoriales más relevantes del país.
Search strategies for conservation detection dogs
Authors: Glen Alistair S. , Veltman Clare J.
Published: April 2018

Monitoring rare or cryptic species can be challenging, especially with limited time and resources. Dogs are often used for this purpose, but methods are highly variable. There is a need to optimise search methods for dog teams so that time and resources are used as efficiently as possible. Some degree of standardisation is also desirable so that search results are comparable between different times and places. The discipline of search theory has developed effective methods to maximise the probability of detecting a search object and/or maximise the efficiency of a search. However, these advances have not been explicitly applied to the use of dogs to search for plants and animals in the wild. Here, we provide a brief introduction to search theory, then discuss how ideas from search theory might be used to standardise and optimise the use of conservation detection dogs. We describe approaches that have been used, discuss their strengths and weaknesses, and suggest priorities for further research. Standardised methods based on search theory could increase the effectiveness of conservation detection dogs, and make search results more comparable across different locations and times.
PEMANFAATAN SERBUK DAUN SIRIH (Piper betle) UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KESEHATAN IKAN NILA (Oreochromis niloticus)
Authors: Zainuddin Zainuddin , Rahmaningsih Sri , Firmani Ummul
Published: April 2018

This research was conducted to determine the effectiveness of betel leaf powder mixed inthe feed (pellet) to improve the health status of tilapia by measuring the value of erythrocytes andleukocytes. Measurements of erythrocyte values and blood leucocytes of tilapia were performedafter the test fish were fed with betel leaf powder (0.3 g / 100 g feed, 0.6 g / 100 g feed, 0.9 g /100 g feed) for 6week maintenance period. While the control fish during the maintenance periodwas fed pellet feed which was not mixed with betel leaf powder. The erythrocyte and leukocytevalues of tilapia were measured weekly by taking blood in the caudal vein section (tail) of thetest fish. Blood collection was performed using a sterile syringe size of 26 g, which was firstwetted EDTA (Ethylene diamine tetra acetic acid) As an anticoagulant of blood cells asanticoagulants. Furthermore, the blood has been collected in Eppendorf tube which has also beenwetted EDTA (Ethylene diamine tetra acetic acid), then prepared by adding hayem and turksolution and then measured the erythrocyte value and the leukocyte count with Haemometer. Thebest measurements result was at the dose of 0.3 g / 100 g of feed which showed that the amountof erythrocyte of tilapia increased from 1,145,000 cells / mm-3 (week I) to 1,986,667 cells / mm-3(week IV) the number of leukocytes increased from 21,976 cells / mm-3 (week I) to 28,167 cells /mm-3 (week IV). From the results of this study showed that the addition of betel leaf powder inthe feed can improve the health status of tilapia fish.
PENERAPAN ALGORITMA C4.5 UNTUK PREDIKSI TINGKAT KOMPETENSI KARYAWAN PT MULTISTRADA ARAH SARANA
Authors: Wahyono Wahyono , Nugroho Agung
Published: April 2018

The success of an organization or company is influenced by the competence of human resources in it in carrying out its duties. Assessment of competence in the company is very important because it is necessary to determine the level of competence of employees. So far, the competency level assessment is still done manually by providing certain criteria by the Personnel Department (HRD). The number of criteria and employees employed is quite difficult in the assessment of employee competency. In addition, the quality of employee work is also often changing. This is very influential on the future prospects of the company. The purpose of this study is to analyze and know the pattern of employee competency level. The research method used is Decission Tree Learning (DCT). The C4.5 algorithm is part of DCT. Algorithm C4.5, the data mining technique to create a decision tree that represents rules or rules. Of the 257 overall employee data is divided into two partitions, 80% for training data and 20% data testing. The result of application of algorithm C4.5 got its accuracy 80,39% with calculation of RapidMiner 5.3. This research produces a pattern of competency level that can be used by PT Multistrada Arah Sarana for employee monitoring process to determine whether or not to need training or promotion promotion
Analisis Kesalahan Siswa Dilihat dari Skema Dalam Menyelesaikan Masalah Matematika
Authors: Hanifah Ayu Ismi
Published: April 2018

Penyelesaian  masalah  merupakan  bagian  yang  tidak  dapat  terpisahkan  dari pembelajaran dan merupakan bagian terpadu dari seluruh pembelajaran matematika. Pemberian  masalah  matematika dalam suatu pembelajaran  matematika  sangat penting untuk mengukur sejauh mana pemahaman siswa dalam menguasai materi tersebut. Namun tidak  memungkinkan  adanya  siswa  mengalami kesalahan ketika menyelesaikan masalah matematika. Adanya kesalahan yang dilakukan siswa tersebut perlu  dianalisis  untuk mengurangi kesalahan yang terjadi. Kesalahan ini dikarenakan adanya  skema struktur berpikir yang belum dimunculkan  dalam menyelesaikan masalah matematikaKeywords: analisis kesalahan, skema, masalah matematika
JUSTIFICATION OF ORGANIZATIONAL CHANGES INCLUDING SPECIFICS OF HIERARCHICAL RELATIONS IN DEVELOPING ORGANIZATIONS
Authors: Shcherbak Olena V.
Published: April 2018

Introduction and study objective: the requirement to create an effective system of enterprise’s innovation development brings forward issues of theory and methodology, including specifics of necessary organizational changes and cooperation within the company including management –employees’ interaction. Thus, scientific ground for solution to these problems will facilitate the creation of organizational structures for efficiently functioning enterprises.Hypothesis of scientific research. It is often assumed that the choice of effective and required methods of the enterprise’s adjustment to the market environment would allow to systematize the organizational changes enabling performance increase of its economic activity.The purpose of this study is theoretical and methodological justification of concept approaches and methods in organization change management of enterprise structures and functions during its adjustment to the conditions of economic environment.Research methodology: application of the system analysis justifies 5 sets of hypothetical relations linking perceived power with perceived behavior of reward and penalty.Furthermore, two-dimensional correlation, stepwise multiple regression and hierarchical multiple regression analysis help to construct a model of relevant organizational changes.Results achieved: diagnostic methods were developed that determine external and internal conditions of the enterprise in order to choose the right change strategy; the methodology of evolution analysis of change efficiency was proposed. Additionally, high-quality econometric models were created for assessment of the impact of changes based on the enterprise’s performance.Conclusions: the proposed approach to justification of organizational changes enables the implication of methods designed to analyze the need for restructuring of organization culture, management style, employees’ relations and takes into account specifics of hierarchical structure in a developing organization. Furthermore, new methods were developed to assess the effectiveness of management system at an industrial enterprise, including introduction of changes and their dynamics’ assessment.
The Method of Plant Water Status Measurement in Sweet Potato (Ipomoea Batatas (L) Lam.)
Authors: Prabawardani Saraswati
Published: April 2018

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The measurement of plant water status such as leaf water potential (LWP) and leaf relative water content (RWC) is important part of understanding plant physiology and biomass production. Preliminary study was made to determine the optimum amount of leaf abrasion and equilibration time of sweet potato leaf inside the thermocouple psychrometer chambers. Based on the trial, the standard equilibration time curve of a Peltier thermocouple for sweet potato leaf was between 2 and 3 hours. To increase the water vapour conductance across the leaf epidermis the waxy leaf cuticle should be removed or broken by abrasion. The result showed that 4 times leaf rubbings was accepted as the most effective way to increase leaf vapour conductance of sweet potato in the psychrometer chambers. In calculating the leaf relative water content, unstressed water of sweet potato leaves require 4 hours imbibition, whereas water stressed of sweet potato leaves require 5 to 6 hours to reach the saturation time. Either leaf water potential or relative water content can be used as a parameter for plant water status in sweet potato.
Habitat of Spathoglottis plicata Bl in Forest of Kampung Woniki East Biak District, Biak Numfor Papua
Authors: Senga Yuliany , Arwam C. Y. Hans , Sinaga Nurhaida I.
Published: April 2018

  Normal 0   false false false         MicrosoftInternetExplorer4        The research was aimed to figure out the ecology aspects of terrestrial orcid S. plicata in natural forest around Kampung Wonoki, East Biak. The result showed that S. plicata Grow on latosol soil with is structure very from loamy clay to loamy, colour of soil red to dark brown. Soil water content between 42,9-56,2 %, soil pH 5,0-6,4, Cation Exchange Capacity (CEC) 6,20-20,30 meq/100 gram, Base Saturation 10,0-68,0 %. Carbon content 0,20-0,69 %, Nitrogen 0,02-0,09 %, Phospor 0,3-21,3 ppm, Potasium 0,00-1,17 meq/100 gram, Calsium 0,77-11,78 meq/100 gram, Magnesium 0,15-1,11 meq/100 gram, and Sodium 0,00-0,13 meg/100 gram. Air Temperature Around site of plant site 26,5-42,3 0C, Air Moisture 49,0-82,0 % and Light Intensity 119-1228 lux.
RELASI SOSIAL DALAM NYANYIAN TRADISIONAL KEMATIAN “MUNABA” ETNIK WAROPEN – PAPUA: KAJIAN SOSIOLOGI SASTRA
Authors: Yenusi Belghita Sonei Risia
Published: April 2018

Penelitian berfokus pada relasi sosial dalam nyanyian tradisional kematian”munaba” yang berasal dari suku Waropen, Papua yang merupakan kajian sosiologi sastra. Pendekatan penelitian berdasarkan teks dan konteks yang berfokus pada karya sastra dan beberapa aspek lainnya. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif kualitatif meliputi fakta, fenomana dan variable yang ada. Penafsiran data  dengan menggunakan teori sosiologi sastra disesuaikan dengan situasi yang terjadi dan sesuai dengan pandangan masyarakat, perbedaan antarfakta, pengaruh terhadap sebuah kondisi dan masalah yang diteliti dan diselidiki.
Data diperoleh dari teks munaba yang dituturkan oleh beberapa penutur melalui observasi. Sumber data adalah syair munaba dalam bahasa Waropen dan telah ditransliterasikan dalam bahasa Indonesia. Berdasarkan teori dan analisis sosiologi sastra ditemukan beberapa relasi sosial yang terbentuk dengan baik antara sera dengan rakyatnya dan sera dengan alam.
DESIGNING A PROJECT OF USING LEARNER- CENTEREDNESS IN TEACHING ENGLISH AT SENIOR HIGH SCHOOLS IN MANOKWARI
Authors: Sukristiningsih Sukristiningsih , Saragih Yansen M.I.
Published: April 2018

Special Autonomy Law (UU OTSUS Provinsi Papua) Chapter XV; article 52, verse 2, confides the implementing of English as a second language in Papua (West Papua province and Papua province). However, some complexities are faced to implement English as a second language in Papua. The complexities are; the difficulty in teaching English at school, lack of motivation to study English by student, different level of student’s English competence, and lack of good English teacher. This article aims to give contribution to solve the complexities above, especially in English teaching- learning process at senior high school level in Manokwari regency, west Papua province. The concept offered to solve the problems in teaching – learning English process is by using Student Centered Learning (SCL) concept. This concept is recommended by experts and suitable to be applied in senior high school level. There are some steps to implement SCL concept, they are; designing the project, implementing the design and evaluating the project. By implementing SCL concept, the teaching- learning English process in senior high school in Manokwari regency is expected to be useful for students and English teachers.
KEANEKARAGAMAN DAN KELIMPAHAN IKAN DI DANAU TES, BENGKULU SUATU UPAYA KONSERVASI SECARA IN-SITU
Authors: Binur Robi
Published: April 2018

The research of the diversity and abundance of fish had been done at Tes Lake at the province of Bengkulu by using in-situ conservation. Observation and collecting of samples had been done in the mid of August to the mid of November 2002. Collecting of samples was done in 4 stations. There are 21 species of fish included 18 genera and 12 families which had been caught using gillnet (jaring insang), cast net (jala), fish pot (lukah/bubuh), fishline (pancing/tajur), and dip net (serok). Cyprinidae is the fish family which has most variety (8 species), while other families have only 2 and 1 species. The species of fish which had been caught were mostly river fish (freshwater fish). Based on the index of diversity (H’), the diversity of fish is medium between   0.78 – 1.27 with the highest diversity index is at station I (1.27) and the lowest is at station IV (0.78). The spread of fish based on uniformity index (E) is about 0.33 – 0.49 with the highest uniformity index is at station III (0.49) and the lowest is at station IV (0.33). The total abundance of fish which are collected during the research is 13,030 with the highest abundance is at station IV (4,643 fish) and the lowest is at station III (1,171 fish). Species of fish that are abundance and predominant are Puntius binotatus (C.V.) and Osteochilus hasseltii (C.V.) compared with others. The value of CPUE is 2.75 kg/trip with the highest value of CPUE is at station IV (4.6 kg/trip) and the lowest are at station II and III (1.7 kg/trip). The water quality of Tes Lake is still able to fishes living and fishery. The kinds of fish which are really valuable economically but  it’s extinction being threatened are Anguilla marmorata Benn. and Tor douronensis (C.V.).
PAPAYA (Carica papaya L.) CANDY PRESERVATIVE STUDY
Authors: Santoso Bimo Budi
Published: April 2018

Perendaman dalam larutan kapur dan larutan gula jenuh memengaruhi kualitas manisan pepaya sedangkan tingkat konsentrasi larutan kapur memengaruhi kandungan vitamin C dan kekerasan buah pepaya.  Semakin tinggi konsentrasi larutan kapur yang dipakai, kandungan vitamin C semakin rendah dan buah pepaya semakin keras.  Manisan pepaya yang direndam dalam larutan kapur dengan konsentrasi 5% (B/B) paling disukai konsumen. Perendaman pepaya dalam larutan gula jenuh memengaruhi kandungan vitamin C dan rasa manisan pepaya.  Semakin lama pepaya direndam dalam larutan gula jenuh, kadar vitamin C semakin rendah.  Perendaman pepaya selama 2 hari dalam larutan gula jenuh adalah yang paling disukai konsumen. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, disarankan pada pembuatan manisan pepaya untuk merendam pepaya dalam larutan gula jenuh selama 2 hari dan direndam dalam laruatan kapur dengan konsentrasi 5% (B/B) selama 2 jam.  Dengan perlakuan tersebut manisan pepaya yang dihasilkan masih mengandung vitamin C relatif tinggi (40,96 mg/100 g buah pepaya) dan disukai konsumen.
BIOKIMIA NUKLEOTIDA DAN PERANNYA SEBAGAI SUPLEMEN MAKANAN
Authors: Kilmaskossu Agust
Published: April 2018

The metabolism of nucleotides is an important part in many cellular processes.  It can be synthesize through two mechanisms of metabolism, de novo and salvage.  Supplementation of nucleotides in the diet shows a significant effect in growth rate, development of the intestine, increasing microflora of the colon.  How much should be added as a food supplement is not known yet.  But it is suggested to use the ingredients of human milk before new findings is available.                                               
SIFAT-SIFAT HIDRAULIK TANAH CLAY LOAM BOGOR DARI LAPISAN OLAH DAN MODEL PENGAMBILAN AIR OLEH AKAR
Authors: Erari Ishak S.
Published: April 2018

Untuk mempelajari dinamika air di dalam tanah clay loam asal Bogor dengan mengunakan persamaan Richard,  informasi tentang sifat-sifat hidraulik yaitu hubungan kadar air tanah dengan head matriks, dan hubungan antara konduktivitas hidraulik tak jenuh dengan head matriks dari jenis tanah tersebut sangat diperlukan.  Informasi-informasi hubungan tersebut juga diperlukan untuk simulasi laju penyerapan air oleh akar tanaman jika penyelesaian persamaan Richard melibatkan laju penyerapan air oleh akar.  Model yang digunakan untuk  memprediksi hubungan parameter-parameter tersebut adalah model  van Genuchten (1980)  dan  Mualem (1976).   Sedangkan model laju penyerapan air oleh akar tanaman mengikuti model yang diusulkan oleh Hillel (1998), yang memperlakukan sistim perakaran sebagai rangkaian tahanan listrik.  Hasil pencocokan kurva karakteristik retensi air,  memperlihatkan model van Genuchten dan Mualem  memberikan hubungan yang sangat tinggi (r > 0.988) antara kadar air dengan head matriks  untuk tanah yang diuji.  Dari kurva karakteristik retensi air dapat diprediksi konduktivitas hidraulik tak jenuh sebagai fungsi head matriks tanah. Model simulasi laju penyerapan air  oleh akar tanaman yang dibandingkan dengan laju transpirasi aktual memberikan hasil yang cocok hingga umur tanaman 19 hari.  Sedangkan pada tanaman berumur diatas 19 hari,  model simulasi laju pengambilan air oleh akar lebih tinggi daripada laju transpirasi aktual.Model pengambilan air oleh akar dapat digunakan untuk memprediksi kerapatan akar minimum yang berhubungan dengan laju transpirasi potensial,  dan model van Genuchten untuk hubungan θ(h) dapat digunakan untuk memprediksi ketersediaan air di dalam tanah.
KAJIAN PEMANFAATAN ABU SEKAM PADI SEBAGAI SUMBER LISTRIK
Authors: Mujasam Mujasam
Published: April 2018

This research aims on measuring and knowing the electricity current resulted from husk-ash. The husk-ash is the remainder of burning process which contains inorganic compound. Because of this compound, husk-ash can produce electricity. The husk-ash used in this research is made of burned paddy trunks; the research used simple electro-chemistry method (primary cell). In the analyzing process, copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn) are used. While the parameters are electrodes distance, width of the electrodes and items amount variation. The result is that there is electricity current produced from the paddy husk-ash, with a requirement the smaller distance between the electrodes, the wider the size of the electrodes and the more the  amount of the items, the electricity will be and the longer its ability to store the electricity.
KOMPOSISI JENIS DAN KELIMPAHAN IKAN DI PERAIRAN TELUK DORERI, MANOKWARI
Authors: Massora Maria
Published: April 2018

A study was done to search the composition and abundance of fish species in the waters of the Doreri Gulf the District of Manokwari, from September - October 2005.  The fish catchments wash about 143 specimens consist of 49 species included in 23 families.  The species of fish with a high abundance index consists of Nemipterus celebicus, Upeneus sundaicus, and Upeneus sulphureus.  Those fishes have a high economic value in the market of Manokwari
EVALUATION OF THE GROUNDWATER DISCHARGE FROM THE YARRAGADEE FORMATION INTO THE BLACKWOOD RIVER, BLACKWOOD PLATEAU, WESTERN AUSTRALIA USING WATER BALANCE ANALYSIS
Authors: Afkril Baina
Published: April 2018

Area studi terletak di bagian tenggara Dataran Tinggi Blackwood, Australia Barat mencakup 71 km2. Akifer Yarragadee di daerah studi utamanya tersusun oleh batu pasir yang mengandung lapisan-lapisan batu lempung dan liat. Akifer ini merupakan akifer tak-tertekan karena muncul dipermukaan sepanjang alur Sungai Blackwood pada daerah hilir di Nannup dan merupakan sumber airtanah yang keluar ke sungai. Sungai Blackwood mengalir melintasi Dataran Tinggi Blackwood. Selama musim kering, aliran permukaan ke dalam Sungai Blackwood dapat diabaikan, namun aliran dasar dari airtanah menjadi sumber utama bagi aliran sungai. Neraca air pada daerah studi dilakukan dengan menggunakan analisa jaring-aliran dan kesetimbangan air guna mengevaluasi masukan airtanah dari akifer Yarragadee ke dalam Sungai Blackwood. Mayoritas sel-sel jaring-aliran adalah sel-sel keluaran dan kebanyakan aliran airtanah masuk ke dalam Sungai Blackwood di daerah studi. Curah hujan rata-rata tahunan area studi sekitar 6.7 x 107 m3 a-1. Sekitar 9 % dari total curah hujan rata-rata tahunan ini masuk ke dalam tanah sebagai sumber bagi air tanah dan 91 % hilang melalui proses evapotranspirasi. Volume total airtanah yang masuk ke dalam Sungai Blackwood antara stasiun Darradup dan Layman Flat yang dihitung menggunakan analisis jarring-aliran dan kesetimbangan air sekitar 8.1 GL a-1.  
GEOMETRI JALAN ANGKUT TAMBANG PADA KP PT. INDONESIA TIMUR RAYA NABIRE – PAPUA
Authors: Supit Jance M.
Published: April 2018

Haul road is an important infrastructure that functions as places connector in mining area. In as much, it is necessary to make haul road geometry plan that suitable to the equipments and mining location. The study of mining haul road conducted in 200 Ha of PT. Indonesia Timur Raya mining area. The study methods are by observation on road site and calculation to decide the haul road geometry, including road wide and slope. The equipment that will be used is wheel loader XCMG ZL50G, from the calculation base on the wheel loader specifications, the minimum haul road wide is 10.5 meters for straight road and 28 meter in curve road.
PEMANFAATAN HEWAN SEBAGAI OBAT TRADISIONAL DALAM KEHIDUPAN SUKU HATTAM DI KAMPUNG MOKWAM MENYAMBOUW
Authors: Sutarno Simon
Published: April 2018

This research aim to document traditional knowledge (indigenous knowledge) of the Hattam tribe in exploiting animals as traditional drug, in which the observation was done on the animal type, way of exploiting, and also on other culture and knowledge related to pattern of exploiting animals as drug in the life of the tribe. The result shows that there are 9 animals used as traditional drug in the life of the Hattam tribe in Mokwam village, that is: Rana grisea, Litoria arfakiana, Litoria micromembrana, Litoria angiana, Nyctimystes pulchra, Accipiter sp., Morelia viridis, Micropechis sp., and Sus sp. The animals were used as drugs to cure skin disease (purities), bloated, flatulent stomach, wounds, and in increasing vitality.
POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS (PAHs) AS BIOMARKERS FOR ASSESSING BIODEGRADATION SUSCEPTIBILITIES OF CRUDE OIL SPILLED ON SOILS
Authors: Langsa Markus Heryanto
Published: April 2018

Kemudahan mengalami biodegradasi senyawa-senyawa polisiklik aromatik hidrokarbon (PAHs) dalam minyak mentah yang diekstrak dari tanah pada hari ke-0 dan ke-39 telah ditentukan. Sampel tanah yang digunakan dikontaminasikan dengan minyak mentah Barrow sebanyak 5% (w/w) untuk memperoleh sampel tanah yang sama dengan kondisi lingkungannya. Tingkat biodegradasi dari minyak mentah Barrow yang diekstrak dari sampel tanah pada hari ke 0 dan hari ke 39 ditentukan berdasarkan fraksi senyawa PAH yang dianalisis menggunakan GC-MS. Persen perubahan kelimpahan (abundances) terhadap waktu dari beberapa senyawa alkilnaptalena ditentukan untuk mengetahui urutan kemudahan terdegradasinya isomer senyawa-senyawa tersebut. Ditemukan bahwa isomer-isomer 2-metilnaptalena (2-MN) lebih mudah terdegradasi oleh mikrobiologi dibandingkan dengan isomer 1-MN. Analisis GC-MS terhadap sampel minyak mentah Barrow yang asli tidak menunjukkan adanya biodegradasi, namun ketika minyak mentah tersebut ditumpahkan ke tanah dan dibiarkan selama 39 hari pengamatan, minyak mentah tersebut mengalami biodegradasi ke tingkat 2-3.
SKRINING FITOKIMIA DAN UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN DAN ANTITUMOR 20 TUMBUHAN OBAT ASAL KABUPATEN MANOKWARI
Authors: Santoso Bimo Budi
Published: April 2018

Flavanoid, steroid, and terpenoid contents of 20 Manokwari medicinal plants were analyzed.  The antioxidant activity, total phenolic contents and antitumor activity of 20 Manokwari medicinal plants were also evaluated. The result shows that 83% positif to flavanoid test, 59% positif to terpenoid test and only 25% positif steroid. Antioxidant activity and total phenolic contents evaluated using Ferric Thiocianate (FTC) and Folin-Ciocalteu methods respectively. Antioxidant activity and total phenolic contents of medicinal plants were extracted by the traditional method, boiling in water and also in 80% methanol. Twenty plants evaluated in both exstracts have significantly varies of antioxidant activities and phenolic contents,  A significant and linier correlation coefficient between the antioxidant activity and the total phenolic content was found in both aqueous (R2= 0,77) and methanol (R2 = 0,85). Antitumor activity was tested using cell maurine P-388 and only 2 of medicinal plants are active to inhibit cell maurine P-388. Comparing extraction efficiency of the two methods, the methanol extracted phenolic compounds more efficiently, and antioxidant activity of the extract was higher.
STUDI PENGARUH WARNA RUANGAN TERHADAP ILLUMINASI LAMPU LED
Authors: Rehiara Adelhard B
Published: April 2018

Many previous researches have come to the evidence that LEDs are very efficient in converting electricity to become light. Therefore the question is how background color of a room can influence the illumination of LEDs? Result shows that LEDs illumination is supported by light reflection of the background color. Light from LEDs can be reflected more perfect than neon lamp and glow lamp.
Kepadatan Populasi Keong Mas (Pomacea canaliculata) di Distrik Prafi Kabupaten Manokwari
Authors: Yaku Alexander , Isir Mariam , Pribadi Hayu S.
Published: April 2018

The golden apple snail, (Pomaceae canaliculata Lamarck) is a freshwater snail having been widely distributed thoughout Indonesia since its introduction from South America.  This snail has been a serious rice pest problem in Prafi district because it damages young rice seedling.  The present research was carried out to study the population density of the snail at four different habitats in Prafi district of Manokwari.  The data collection was taken place in the villages of Prafi Mulya, Aimasi, Desay and Udapi Hilir during one month period.  Result of the present research indicated that the population density of the golden apple snail found in the observed four different habitats in Prafi district which were irrigation canal, river, paddy field and pod were  0.38, 8.17, 24.75 and 33.79 ind/m2, respectively.
Aktivitas Antioksidasi Minyak Buah Merah Dari Kultivar Pandanus conoideus L yang Berbeda
Authors: Taher Achmad , Repasi Mery S.
Published: April 2018

The research was aimed to test the antioxidative activity of the buah merah oil from two cultivars Pandanus conoideus L; MTW-W and MMS-M. In vitro analysis the antioxidative activity of the buah merah oil was determinated using Thiobarbituric Acid test (TBA test). The research revealed that the buah merah oil from MTW-W cultivar produces highest antioxidative activity than MMS-M cultivar. The antioxidative activities of these two tested cultivars are 24 – 70% and 30 – 53%, respectively.
AMPLIFIED RIBOSOMAL DNA RESTRICTION ANALYSIS (ARDRA) BAKTERI DENGAN POTENSI ANTIMIKROB YANG BERASOSIASI DENGAN SPONS Jaspis sp.
Authors: Abubakar Hermawaty
Published: April 2018

Sponges are one of the components that compose coral reef which have a potential bioactive substance that has not been utilized. Sponges are generally able to survive in marine waters were nutrients are poor because of associations with other organisms, especially bacteria. This study aimed to isolate and characterize bacteria (endosymbiont and ectosimbion) that produce antimicrobial compounds, and analyze genetic diversity based on Amplified Ribosomal DNA Restriction Analysis (ARDRA). The results of isolation obtained 138 bacterial isolates, which are 70 endofit isolates and 68 surfaces isolates respectively. The results obtained, based on antimicrobial test, was 32 bacterial isolates (45.71%) of the total bacterial isolates that have endofit antimicrobial activity, whereas on the surface bacteria, 20 bacterial isolates (29.41%) of the total surface of the bacterial isolates also have antimicrobial activity. Genetic diversity was carried out on 30 isolates that has the best antimicrobial activity. Amplyfication of 16S rRNA gene is done using specific primers, 63f and 1387r. The profile of 16S rRNA gene band shows a high diversity, which is generated after cutting with three restriction enzymes i.e. RsaI, HaeIII and HinfI. The three restriction enzymes have different cuts and properties. Construction of phylogenetic trees based on analysis of Amplified Ribosomal DNA restriction, grouped 30 isolates from the sponge Jaspis sp. which have a microbial activity on seven filotipe. This grouping is based on the similarities cuts of sites of each isolate after restriction by three different restriction enzymes.