bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mathematics Questioning Practices of Pre-Service Special Education Teachers Providing Algebra Tutoring for Students With Learning Disabilities
Authors: DeJarnette Anna Fricano , Hord Casey
Published: March 2022

Posing questions is a direct way for teachers to push students to verbalize justifications and make connections among ideas—a crucial component of giving students with learning disabilities access to high levels of mathematical reasoning—but this skill is difficult to learn. We recruited four pre-service special education teachers to provide 1-1 algebra tutoring to students with learning disabilities while receiving instruction related to posing mathematics questions and supporting students’ reasoning. The pre-service teachers increased their frequency of questions overall and of questions that probed students’ thinking or explored mathematical relationships. Students gave correct and complete responses to these more complex questions approximately half of the time; however, pre-service teachers most often reduced the complexity of their questions when students gave incomplete responses. The findings of this study illustrate the potential for pre-service special education teachers to develop questioning routines that engage students with learning disabilities in mathematical reasoning while scaffolding their progress toward new understanding.
The Association of Human Milk Feeding With Short-Term Health Outcomes Among Chinese Very/Extremely Low Birth Weight Infants
Authors: Peng Wenjing , Han Junyan , Li Shujuan , Zhang Lan , Yang Chuanzhong , Guo Jinzhen , Cao Yun
Published: March 2022

Background:

There is limited evidence about the influence of human milk feeding on short-term outcomes in a large preterm infant population.

Research Aims:

To explore the influences of human milk feeding on the primary outcome of necrotizing enterocolitis and secondarily sepsis, bronchial pulmonary dysplasia, severe retinopathy of prematurity, death, and the time to achieve full enteral feeding at discharge in very/extremely low-birth-weight infants.

Methods:

This study was a retrospective, longitudinal, observational two-group comparison cohort study. A total of 4470 very/extremely low-birth-weight infants from 25 neonatal intensive care units in China, between April 2015 and May 2018, were enrolled in this study. Exclusive human milk-fed and formula-fed participants were matched using propensity scores. After matching, human milk-fed participants ( n = 1379) and formula-fed participants ( n = 1378) were included in the analyses. The likelihood of necrotizing enterocolitis, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, sepsis, severe retinopathy of prematurity, death, and the time to achieve full enteral feeding were compared between the two groups.

Results:

Exclusive human milk feeding was associated with lower odds of necrotizing enterocolitis (2.90% vs. 8.42%, OR 0.33, 95% CI [0.22, 0.47]), bronchopulmonary dysplasia (15.74% vs. 20.26%, OR 0.69, 95% CI [0.56, 0.86]), severe retinopathy of prematurity (1.45% vs. 2.39%, OR 0.50, 95% CI [0.27, 0.93]), and death (6.02% vs. 10.38%, OR 0.44, 95% CI [0.32, 0.61]) compared with formula feeding. No significant differences in the time to achieve full enteral feeding or the odds of sepsis were found between the two groups.

Conclusion:

Exclusive human milk feeding is associated with a reduction in necrotizing enterocolitis, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, severe retinopathy of prematurity, and mortality among very/extremely low-birth-weight infants.

Trial registration:

Clinicaltrials.gov on November 9, 2015 (NCT02600195).
Whole-genome sequencing of Chlamydia trachomatis isolates from persistently infected patients
Authors: Pitt Rachel , Doyle Ronan , Theilgaard Christiansen Mette , Horner Paddy , Hathorn Emma , Alexander Sarah , Woodford Neil , Cole Michelle , Breuer Judith
Published: March 2022

Background

Current understanding of the causes of treatment failure in Chlamydia trachomatis is poor and antimicrobial susceptibility data are lacking. We used genome sequencing to seek evidence of antimicrobial resistance in isolates sourced from patients who were persistently infected.

Methods

Genomic DNA was extracted from C. trachomatis isolates cultured in McCoy cell monolayers. Sequencing libraries were prepared using the SureSelectXT Illumina paired-end protocol. Paired reads were mapped against a reference genome and single nucleotide variants (SNVs) were identified.

Results

Seven isolates from persistently infected patients and five isolates from successfully treated patients were sequenced. No previously reported SNVs associated with antimicrobial resistance were found. A unique SNV was identified in the gyrA gene of one treatment failure isolate but was located outside of the quinolone resistance determining region; this SNV has been previously reported in other members of the Chlamydiaceae family.

Conclusion

No genomic evidence was found to explain the differences in clinical outcome for our two groups of patients. A mutation unrelated to antimicrobial susceptibility was found in an isolate from a persistently infected patient. The cause of these persistent infections with C. trachomatis remains unclear.
Clinical pharmacology considerations for the approval of belimumab for the treatment of adult patients with active lupus nephritis: A regulatory perspective
Authors: Liu Tao , Neuner Rosemarie , Thompson Aliza , Pottackal Ginto , Petullo David , Liu Jiang , Nikolov Nikolay , Sahajwalla Chandrahas , Doddapaneni Suresh , Chen Jianmeng
Published: March 2022

On 16 December 2020, FDA approved Benlysta® (belimumab) for both the intravenous (IV) and subcutaneous (SC) administration routes for the treatment of adult patients with active lupus nephritis (LN) who are receiving standard therapy. This approval represents the first FDA approved treatment of patients with active LN.

The approved IV dosing regimen (10 mg/kg dose Q2W for three doses, then 10 mg/kg Q4W thereafter) was based on a randomized double-blind placebo controlled clinical trial in adult patients with LN. For the approval of the SC dosing regimen (400 mg dose QW for four doses, then 200 mg QW thereafter), efficacy was supported solely by pharmacokinetics (PK) modeling and simulation which estimated a matched steady state average concentration and higher trough concentrations for the SC administration route, for bridging to the efficacy of IV belimumab in adults with LN. The safety and immunogenicity profile of the SC administration route has been assessed in the SLE studies.

In a population PK analysis, higher proteinuria was associated with greater belimumab clearance and lower belimumab exposure. In an exposure response analysis, the efficacy of belimumab as evaluated by renal response was mainly driven by patients with lower proteinuria at baseline regardless of other baseline characteristics (e.g. baseline renal function, renal biopsy classification), induction therapies, or belimumab exposure levels (within 10 mg/kg dosing regimen), etc. However, post hoc analyses showed that belimumab had activity in LN patients with higher proteinuria at baseline. There is no adequate information to suggest that a higher dose would provide additional benefit for patients with lower exposure (e.g. higher proteinuria).
The Roles of Different Multigene Combinations of Pdx1, Ngn3, Sox9, Pax4, and Nkx2.2 in the Reprogramming of Canine ADSCs Into IPCs
Authors: Gao Dengke , Dai Pengxiu , Fan Zhixin , Wang Jinglu , Zhang Yihua
Published: March 2022

Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs) are ideal sources for the treatment of diabetes, and the differentiation of ADSCs into insulin-producing cells (IPCs) through transfection of exogenous regulatory genes in vitro has been studied in depth. The differentiation of ADSCs is strictly regulated by a variety of transcription factors such as Pdx1, Ngn3, Pax4, Nkx2.2, and Sox9. However, whether these genes can coordinately regulate the differentiation of ADSCs into IPCs is still unknown. In this study, five multigene coexpressing adenovirus vectors ( pAdTrack-Pdx1-Ngn3-AdEasy, pAdTrack-Pdx1-Ngn3-Sox9-AdEasy, pAdTrack-Pdx1-Ngn3-Pax4-Sox9-AdEasy, pAdTrack-Pdx1-Ngn3-Nkx2.2-Sox9-AdEasy, and pAdTrack-Pdx1-Ngn3-Nkx2.2-Pax4-AdEasy) were constructed, and then the stocks of the packaged adenoviruses were used to infect the canine ADSCs (cADSCs). Based on results of morphological observation, dithizone staining, sugar-stimulated insulin secretion test, cellular insulin immunofluorescence assays, and the detection of pancreatic β-cell development–related genes in the induced cells, the best induction combination ( pAdTrack-Pdx1-Ngn3-Nkx2.2-Pax4-AdEasy) was identified after comparative screening. This study provides a theoretical reference and an experimental basis for further research on stem cell replacement therapy for diabetes.
Adoption of Digital Innovations: A Special Referenceto Routinised Incremental Innovations
Authors: Dutta Dorothy , Sarma Mrinmoy K.
Published: March 2022

The study’s main purpose is to determine the adoption of digital innovations in a developing country that is continuously introduced on different service platforms. A quantitative approach is taken in the research where structured questionnaires based on the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT) model have been used to collect primary data. A total of 821 responses were selected for analysis using structural equation modelling. The findings suggest that the UTAUT model indicates a good fit for determining the behavioural intention to adopt incremental innovations in digital platforms. The model as a whole explains 31.6% of the total variance in the behavioural intention to adopt. Out of the four variables in the UTAUT model, social influence (SI) is seen to have no significant relationship with that of behavioural intention. However, the other three factors, namely performance expectancy (PE), effort expectancy (EE) and facilitating conditions (FC), do have a significant impact on the behavioural intention to adopt incremental innovations. FC has the greatest influence on the behavioural intention, followed by PE and EE. But important factors like age, gender, internet experience and voluntariness to use that are considered moderators are not seen to impact this aspect. Research focussing on radical innovations is quite abundant in past literature; however, those focusing on incremental innovations are quite scarce. This research, focussing on the adoption of incremental innovation in digital platforms in a developing country with a digital divide situation, is indeed a novel attempt.

JEL Classification: O1, O2, O320
Are Fama–French Factors Relevant? A Sub-Sectorial Analysis
Authors: Tripathi Vanita , Sapra Ritu , Gupta Rishabh
Published: March 2022

The purpose of the study is to empirically examine the sectoral-specific performance of the five-factor asset pricing model comprising of 17-years’ data in the Indian stock market using the Fama–French methodology. The results highlighted the better performance of a five-factor model in the “Basic Material” and “Oil” industries. However, for the “consumer” industry, there is an existence of other risk factors which can better explain the portfolio’s excess returns. The result further demonstrates the better explanatory power of the five-factor model in explaining the portfolio excess return for the “Industrial” sector. However, the findings support the better applicability of market mode for the “financial” sector in the Indian stock market. For the “Health Care” and “Technology” industries, the addition of two more risk factors does not lead to much improvement in the model’s explanatory power. The current study evaluating the applicability of the asset pricing model will have a practical implication for portfolio managers, policymakers, researchers, and academicians in evaluating the performance of the portfolios on a sectoral basis and in determining the cost of equity in the overall cost of capital. The study will also aid the investors in their investment decision-making by helping them to identify the average stock return in different sectors.
Change in Consumer Behavior Due to Covid Crisis: An Exploratory Study
Authors: Tyagi Vikas Kumar , Nain Vikas , Mishra Akhilesh
Published: March 2022

The purpose of the study was to explore consumer behavior (purchase pattern, volume, and frequency), and household expenditure alteration due to the COVID crisis. Furthermore, to study the perpetuity of those changes. Researchers used a mixed-method approach based on qualitative interviews, secondary data, and media analysis, that is, using a qualitative, exploratory research design. Data were collected through Reflective Journal Logs, 34 in-depth interviews, extensive literature review of secondary sources, and netnography. The study was cross-sectional and applied in nature. Researchers divided the respondents based on income to explore the impact of income. Data reduction, analysis, and interpretation were made manually, and the overall method used was narrative qualitative research. Researchers found the consumer’s purchase patterns of products and services in this study. Some new habits were also found towards purchase behavior, expenditures, and savings. Researchers also found the perceptions towards perpetuity of those changes and the impact of income on all those changes. Many researchers conducted studies on this subject, but no significant research from the micro, that is, household perspective, was found. Besides, the factors such as perceptions towards the perpetuity of the changes were missing, especially from the problem’s qualitative aspects. This study will help marketers identify new demands and use them for better customer service, leading to a strengthened relationship with them and profit for the organization.
How peer review groups support learning and wellbeing in psychiatrists
Authors: Nash Louise , Karageorge Aspasia , Lancaster Jeanette , Prager Shirley
Published: March 2022

Objective

To explore the self-reported value of Peer Review Groups (PRGs) by Australian psychiatrists, focussing on learning and wellbeing.

Methods

A cross-sectional mixed-methods online survey of psychiatrists registered with the NSW Branch Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Psychiatrists (RANZCP) who had attended a PRG in the previous 12 months.

Results

Respondents described PRG participation as supportive to their learning and to their professional wellbeing by sharing professional experiences, emotional support for the inherent stresses of practice, the provision of a space for debriefing and the amelioration of professional isolation. Difficulties or challenges in group functioning were reported rarely and included new group member selection and limitations to individual support provided by the group.

Conclusions

The PRG form of Continuing Professional Development (CPD) is unique, popular and highly valued by psychiatrists. In addition to supporting learning, PRGs provide a collegial space for processing of emotional aspects of practice that in turn supports wellbeing. Other healthcare professionals might benefit from similar self-directed, self-selected small group peer contact for CPD.
A Trauma-Informed Inquiry of COVID-19’s Initial Impact on Adult Education Program Administrators and Instructors in the United States
Authors: Housel David A.
Published: March 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic has had a profound impact on adult education programs globally, transforming in-person operations to distance, online enterprises often overnight. Many administrators, instructors, and program staff have been inordinately burdened physically, economically, and socially by the pandemic in ways that could be considered traumatic. The pandemic has also revealed how the insufficient access to educational technology and limited digital literacy has affected program administrators, instructors, and adult students alike. Can the pandemic create the opportunity to elevate adult learning and restructure existing policies and practices moving forward? To grapple with the answers to this question, this exploratory qualitative study sought the perspectives and insights of program administrators and instructors in adult education programs in the northeastern United States. Through an online, mostly open-ended questionnaire, self-reflections of lessons learned were analyzed through a trauma-informed lens ( Gross, 2020 ). Through multiple rounds of coding, the following themes emerged: (1) balancing multiple stressors; (2) coping with pandemic uncertainty; and (3) addressing virtual classroom engagement, remote work, and the digital divide. Recommendations for modifying preservice preparation and ongoing professional development and making programmatic policies and instructional practices that promote distance teaching/learning and digital literacy in more trauma-responsive and inclusive ways were proposed as were areas for future research.
Evaluation of packaging systems with O2-absorbers on quality of minimally processed soybean sprouts
Authors: Cantelli Keli Cristina , Carrão-Panizzi Mercedes Concórdia , Moreira Francys Kley Vieira , Steffens Juliana , Zeni Jamile , Steffens Clarice
Published: March 2022

This study evaluated the influence of O2-absorbing sachets into different packages polyethylene terephthalate (PET – E1), low density polyethylene (LDPE – E2), and PET/LDPE (E3) on the quality of minimally processed soybean sprouts (MP-sprouts). The MP-sprouts were stored up to 12 days and characterized for physicochemical, microbiological and sensory attributes. The O2-absorbing sachet showed changes during exposure to the environment by the formation of amorphous iron hydroxide, which was observed by the analysis of functional groups and XRD. The packaging used in the study showed high transmittance and clarity, and low Haze, being a good feature for storing the MP product. All packaging systems showed an increase in the volume of absorbed oxygen (cm3) up to 9 days of storage. The physic-chemical characteristics of the MP-sprouts stored for 12 days were preserved in the different packages, showing no difference regarding the use of the O2-absorbing sachet. The O2-absorbing sachet not influenced the quality of MP-sprouts during the stored (12 days). The best visual aspect was observed in PET package (with and without O2-absorbing sachet) being classified as excellent, without color change. The MP-sprouts also fulfilled the microbiological quality standards and presented 75.11% acceptability and 72.40% purchase intention.
Revisiting tax effort in emerging markets
Authors: Canavire-Bacarreza Gustavo , Deza Maria Cecilia , Manzano Osmel , Puerta Alejandro
Published: March 2022

Insufficient tax revenues has been one of the most pervasive restrictions on investment in the social and economic infrastructure needed to close the development gaps in emerging markets (EM). To assess the potential for increasing tax collection, the literature has emphasized the concept of tax capacity and tax effort. Conceptually, tax effort is modeled as an inefficiency term with both time-varying and time-invariant components. These are commonly estimated through OLS or stochastic frontier analysis techniques. However, these strategies provide only point estimates and are limited in their ability to break down tax effort into time-varying and time-invariant components. We estimate tax effort for a balanced panel of 108 countries for which data were available from 2002 to 2017, using a Bayesian strategy that allows us to calculate the invariant inefficiency as an upper bound for a country’s tax effort. We also show that the GTRE model from Tsionas and Kumbhakar (2014 ) allows for more precise estimates, providing powerful tools for more informed fiscal planning.
Pro-rich Inflation and Optimal Income Taxation
Authors: Gürer Eren , Weichenrieder Alfons J.
Published: March 2022

We study the implications of an increase in the price of necessities, which disproportionally hurts the poor, for optimal income taxation. When the government is utilitarian and disutility from labor supply is linear, the optimal nominal taxes and transfers are unchanged as households supply more labor to secure their consumption expenditures. Quantitative analyses with convex disutility of labor supply reveal that, because of positive labor supply effects, keeping average tax rates constant suffices to optimally react to the asymmetric price shock. The poorest agents increase their labor supply the most. Thus, optimal income tax policy in response to asymmetric price changes does not prevent the disproportional decline in the indirect utility of poorer households.
“Take a Break!”: A Qualitative Study of Shift-Duty Police Officers’ On-The-Job Breaks
Authors: Toh Shi Min , Cho Eunae
Published: March 2022

This qualitative study examined on-the-job breaks taken by shift-duty police officers. We explored the nature of on-the-job breaks among officers, their perception of these breaks as helping them to recover and replenish resources, and what factors shaped their on-the-job breaks. Data were collected from 21 shift-duty police officers via semi-structured interviews. Findings show that on-the-job breaks were categorized into official and unofficial breaks, each of which had fairly distinctive characteristics. The timing, activities engaged in during breaks, and subjective experiences during breaks were thought to determine the effectiveness of on-the-job breaks. Officers reported that the adverse impacts of skipping a break tended to exceed the benefits of taking a break. On-the-job breaks were shaped by various work and non-work factors. As the first study delving into on-the-job breaks among shift-duty police officers, this study expands our understanding of specific strategies employed by police officers to deal with ongoing work demands.
The post-digital labyrinth. Understanding post-digital diversity through CGI volumetric aesthetics
Authors: Blanco-Fernández Vítor
Published: March 2022

Coined in 1998, the term post-digital has been used and discussed in several heterogenous disciplines and debates, to the point that it has now ramified into diverse, confusing and overlapping definitions and purposes, which constitute what I have called the post-digital labyrinth. Considering the theoretical works on post-digitality published up until the mid-2010s, I propose five different approaches to the post-digital condition: 1) digital expansion and the end of fascination; 2) the rejection of the narrative of techno-positivist progress; 3) the radical criticism of binarization; 4) the acceleration of a purely digital aesthetic and 5) the contemporary zeitgeist, our current affective map. I make use of CGI Volumetric/3D contemporary art to illustrate each of these approaches. Finally, I conclude that the worth of the post-digital resides in its heterogeneity. The lack of a narrow definition is precisely an opportunity for more diverse creation.
Pandemic threat and authoritarian attitudes in Europe: An empirical analysis of the exposure to COVID-19
Authors: Filsinger Maximilian , Freitag Markus
Published: March 2022

While analysis of the impact of threatening events has moved from bit player to center stage in political science in recent decades, the phenomenon of pandemic threat is widely neglected in terms of a systematic research agenda. Tying together insights from the behavioral immune system hypothesis and standard political science models of emotional processing, we evaluate whether exposure to the COVID-19 pandemic threat is related to authoritarian attitudes and which emotions do the work. Using 12 samples with over 12,000 respondents from six European countries at two time points (2020 and 2021), we argue that pandemic threats can generate disgust, anger, and fear. Our analyses indicate that exposure to the COVID-19 pandemic threat particularly activates fear, which in turn is linked to authoritarian attitudes.
Gender-based violence in a complex humanitarian context: Unpacking the human sufferings among stateless Rohingya women
Authors: Priddy Grace , Doman Zoe , Berry Emily , Ahmed Saleh
Published: March 2022

Rohingya is one of the ethnic minority groups that has faced profound ethnic violence against them in their home country, Myanmar. Almost a million Rohingya have fled to Bangladesh and are currently living in extremely precarious conditions near the Myanmar–Bangladesh border. Despite the sufferings and oppressions of all Rohingya, women, in particular, have been victims of sexual violence. Using various information sources, this paper analyzes different dimensions of the gender-based violence that has endured in Myanmar for decades. This paper also highlights the health and wellness of Rohingya women, including impacts made during the COVID-19 pandemic. Furthermore, it provides a framework for reducing gender-based violence in the Rohingya camps in Bangladesh. Even though this paper focuses on the Rohingya crisis, insights are relevant to other contexts facing similar social, political, and humanitarian crises, particularly in the Global South.
Between Anticipative and Iconic: Re-imaging the Emirati Villa and its Spatial Assemblages
Authors: Rashid Mamun , Ara Dilshad R.
Published: March 2022

This article chronicles the evolution of the UAE’s (United Arab Emirates) residential architecture from its pre-urban beginnings in the dwellings of semi-nomadic tribes and coastal merchants to the ‘iconic' villas of the present. A temporal framing of traditional planning practices, including the collaborative roles of Sheikhs and transnational actors (in global and citywide planning networks), provides a narrative about Emirati houses from the pre-oil era (pre-1950s) to the post-federation era (post-1970s). This mapping of housing transitions is useful because previous research in the UAE’s tribal-modern context has largely ignored continuities and contingencies. The discursive relationship between past and present, top-down planning and user-driven bottom-up practice can contribute to a more nuanced understanding of urban development that does not blindly accept dominant views of iconic forms or planning histories.
Effect of Sleep on Epileptic Discharges in Patients with Idiopathic Generalized Epilepsy
Authors: Tavşanlı Mustafa Emir , Kınay Demet
Published: March 2022

Background. It is known that sleep and sleep deprivation affect the EEG findings, onset, frequency and semiology of the seizures. Generalized spike and wave discharges were found more common in drowsiness and sleep states, especially in childhood and juvenile absence epilepsy syndromes. Aim. In this study we aimed to show the effects of short sleep on the interictal and ictal discharges of the patients with genetic generalized epileptic seizures and to show the effects of treatment on the discharges during awake and sleep states. Method. 37 patients (29 females and 8 males) with a diagnosis of genetic generalized epilepsy syndrome were included. All the patients were investigated with video-EEG recording during awake, sleep and post sleep states. Epileptic discharges were counted manually. Discharge numbers and their relation with triggers were analyzed to see the difference between different vigilance states. Results. Number of ictal discharges is found to be increased after sleep. There was no difference in the control EEGs, which were taken under treatment. Conclusion. Sleep is a trigger of epileptic discharges in ictal nature, but an effective antiepileptic treatment prevents this effect.
More Than “A Room of Antiquities” at the Global Museum: Constructing New Meanings Through the Provenance Research of an Ancient Egyptian Legacy Collection
Authors: Jiménez Lissette M. , Fogarty Christine A. , Luby Edward M.
Published: March 2022

Non-systematically excavated archaeological legacy collections of antiquities are often undervalued or overlooked by museums because of their unknown provenience and questionable or problematic provenance. This article describes how extensive research into the provenance of an ancient Egyptian legacy collection purchased in Egypt in 1884 by Adolph Sutro that is now stewarded by the Global Museum at San Francisco State University exposes a new expansive research potential for the collection, enabling Museum Studies students and faculty and museum staff to construct innovative interpretive frameworks through integrated Museum Studies curriculum, educational public programming, and exhibitions of the collection in the museum. This case study underscores the importance of provenance research for contextualizing legacy collections and illustrates how this research can be a catalyst for important discussions of the antiquities trade, colonial collecting practices, public educational significance, and ethical collection stewardship, curation, and display.
Cost Analysis of Developing, Implementing, and Evaluating a Multi-Disciplinary Teaching Kitchen
Authors: Bonnet Jonathan P. , Rastorguieva Krystyna , Moore Miranda A. , Munroe Dominique , Bergquist Sharon H.
Published: March 2022

Introduction: Teaching kitchens have emerged as strategies to deliver lifestyle medicine principles and practices. However, a better understanding of their implementation, delivery cost, and potential benefits are needed. This article provides a comprehensive analysis of the costs associated with the development, deployment, and evaluation of the Emory Healthy Kitchen Collaborative (EHKC) teaching kitchen clinical trial.

Methods: The actual number of hours spent and costs incurred to develop and deploy the EHKC teaching kitchen were recorded and broadly categorized into 1 of 4 areas: program development, course delivery, research, and optional enhancements. Costs of each item were assigned as fixed or variable, enabling calculation of the marginal per participant program cost.

Results: Total costs were US$123,898, with 3/4 incurred for program development, research, and optional enhancements. Delivery of the course alone (not including program development costs, research, or any optional enhancements) cost US$30,194. The total cost per participant for the course was US$755, with a marginal participant cost of US$141.

Conclusion: Teaching kitchens represent viable options to deliver lifestyle medicine interventions. However, more research and cost analyses are needed to better understand the value teaching kitchens provide to determine if they are an effective and economical way to deliver lifestyle medicine.
Incorporating Lifestyle Medicine Into Primary Care Practice: Perceptions and Practices of Family Physicians
Authors: Bharati Rajani , Kovach Kevin A. , Bonnet Jonathan P. , Sayess Polina , Polk Elizabeth , Harvey Keisha , Vorbeck Lauren
Published: March 2022

Introduction: Lifestyle medicine (LM) uses therapeutic lifestyle behavior change to address the root causes of chronic diseases. The purpose of this study was to assess family physicians’ perceptions and utilization of LM principles in their primary care practices, as well as identify reported barriers to implementation. Methods: A survey was administered to 5770 family physicians registered with the American Academy of Family Physicians (AAFP). The survey questions assessed the gap between perception and practice of LM core competencies and the 6 domains of LM. Results: The responses from 447 family physicians were included in the study. Respondents’ perceived importance and reported practice was higher for clinical skills compared to the community partnerships and advocacy. There was a substantial gap in the reported comfort with and practice of certain LM domains, such as sleep (47%) and relationships (39.4%). However, LM board-certified physicians had a significantly higher frequency of practice in these domains. The majority of participants identified both difficulty with changing patient behavior (89%) and having limited time (81%) as major barriers to incorporate LM into their practice. Conclusion: Lifestyle medicine concepts resonate strongly with family physicians although gaps exist surrounding engaging in community partnerships, advocacy, and certain domains of LM.

This study assesses family physicians’ perceptions and utilization of LM principles in their primary care practices, and identifies reported barriers to implementation.
A review of mechanical thrombectomy techniques for acute ischemic stroke
Authors: Munoz Alfredo , Jabre Roland , Orenday-Barraza Jose M , Eldin Mohamed Shehab , Chen Ching-Jen , Al-Saiegh Fadi , Abbas Rawad , El Naamani Kareem , Gooch Michael Reid , Jabbour Pascal M , Tjoumakaris Stavropoula , Rosenwasser Robert H , Herial Nabeel A
Published: March 2022

Mechanical thrombectomy is established as standard of care in the management of acute ischemic stroke due to large vessel occlusion and evidence-based guidelines for mechanical thrombectomy have been defined. As research continues to further expand the eligibility criteria for thrombectomy and the number of thrombectomy procedures increase worldwide, there is also growing focus on innovation of thrombectomy devices, procedural techniques, and related outcomes. Thrombectomy primarily involves use of stent retrievers and distal aspiration techniques, but variations and different combinations of techniques have been reported. As this is a rapidly evolving area in stroke management, there is debate as to which, if any, of these techniques leads to improved clinical outcomes over another and there is a lack of data comparing them. In this review, currently published and distinct techniques of mechanical thrombectomy are described methodically along with illustrations to aid in understanding the subtle differences between the techniques. The perceived benefits of each variation are discussed.
Egalitarian Dialogue Enriches Both Social Impact and Research Methodologies
Authors: Roca Esther , Merodio Guiomar , Gomez Aitor , Rodriguez-Oramas Alfonso
Published: March 2022

For decades, qualitative research methodologies have incorporated the voice of the participants in their designs and developments. Now, the increasing importance of social impact of the research worldwide has created a new scenario for qualitative researchers, in which the egalitarian dialogue could be one of the key elements. The traditional incorporation of participants into research process is not enough; we need to incorporate new components as the egalitarian dialogue in the research process to assure the social impact of the research. In this article, we first situate the concept of egalitarian dialogue and how it has been used in a great diversity of situation and areas, and second how when we use it, we can obtain both, a greater social impact, and an enrichment of the qualitative methodological research process. We based our work in a literature review in both, the main journals included in ISI Web of Science and Scopus, highlighting the journals on qualitative methodologies and revising Horizon 2020 and Seventh Framework Projects included in the CORDIS database. This literature review presents how different research groups and researchers have used egalitarian dialogue, mainly in the last decade, as an important element to reach social impact with their research.
How transformational leadership influences teachers’ commitment and innovative practices: Understanding the moderating role of trust in principal
Authors: Kılınç Ali Çağatay , Polatcan Mahmut , Savaş Gökhan , Er Emre
Published: March 2022

This study tested a moderated mediation model of transformational leadership’s effects on teacher innovative practices, with teacher commitment as mediator and trust in principal as moderator. Implementing a cross-sectional survey design and using data from 611 teachers working in 56 schools in Turkey, we employed multilevel structural equation modelling with Bayesian estimation to estimate the structural links between our variables. The results provided evidence of the indirect effects of transformational leadership on teacher innovative practices through the significant mediator role of teacher commitment. We also found evidence that trust in principal acted as a significant moderator of the indirect effect of transformational leadership on teacher innovative practice through teacher commitment. This study adds nuanced evidence to the global literature by concluding that the effect of transformational leadership on teacher commitment and innovative practice is contingent upon the extent to which teachers trust their principals. We conclude with key implications for policy and practice.
Are there associations between daily multitasking experience and multitasking performance?
Authors: Lui Kelvin FH , Fan Pu , Yip Ken HM , Wong Yetta Kwailing , Wong Alan C-N
Published: March 2022

Research showed mixed findings regarding the relationships between daily multitasking experience and laboratory multitasking performance. One measurement issue was the low reliability and validity of using a single measurement for daily multitasking experience. Another measurement issue was the popular use of simple laboratory paradigms that may or may not capture well cognitive processes underlying real-life multitasking. The current study revisited the relationship between daily multitasking experience and multitasking performance with a better design. Multiple measurements were used to ensure good reliability and validity. This included a mobile phone task switching measurement—an arguably better proxy for daily multitasking experience and three realistic multitasking paradigms that mimic real life multitasking situations. The results showed that (1) phone switching was not significantly associated with the media multitasking index, suggesting that they were measuring different aspects of multitasking experience; (2) indicators of the multitasking performance were moderately correlated among themselves, suggesting that different realistic multitasking paradigms were measuring overlapping multitasking abilities; and, intriguingly, (3) no significant association between multitasking experience and performance indicators was found. One possibility is that people can only benefit from daily multitasking practice when they engaged in daily multitasking activities with an intention to improve the performance. Other possibilities and implications were also discussed.
Autistic sociality on Twitter: Enacted affordances and affiliation strategies
Authors: Koteyko Nelya , van Driel Martine , Vines John
Published: March 2022

While there is an increasing focus on the use of online networks among autistic users, how autistic adults communicate in social networking sites remains underexplored. The article puts forward an argument for combining systematic observation of digital practices with analysis of evaluative language in order to provide a situated account of ‘autistic sociality’ in social media. Drawing on practice-based theories of social media affordances and discourse analysis research on online self-presentation and affiliation we show how autistic Twitter users rely on association, content persistence and editability in order to signal social engagement through different forms of interaction and alignment. We discuss how the proposed framework can provide a new perspective on communicative practices of autistic social media users and advance development of inclusive digital networking platforms.
Reifying subjectivities: A critical discourse analysis of The Assam Tribune in Northeast India
Authors: Tonsing Suanmuanlian
Published: March 2022

This article examines how colonial mentalities of subjectifying the people are reinstated in postcolonial Northeast India through the media. Using the Bodos as a context of the argument, the paper studies The Assam Tribune news headlines during the 2021 Assam Legislative Assembly election. By studying both micro- and macrostructures of news headlines, using critical discourse analysis (CDA), the article argues that the media continue to reify the subjective consciousness of the population as a discourse that dominates the conflicting ground of social, cultural, and political coexistence across the multi-ethnic populations. While deflecting the government’s divisive policies, the media portrays the government as the source of ‘solution’. Although the technique of governance differs from colonial to postcolonial regime, the objective to constantly subjectify the multi-ethnic population within their realm of subjective consciousness for the purpose of governance remains the same.
Elbow pain
Authors: Berezowska Aleksandra Agata
Published: March 2022

The aim of this article is to outline the most common elbow joint pathologies that are likely to present in primary care, their management and indications for secondary care referral. The majority of common elbow conditions can be diagnosed clinically, and do not require specialist imaging or further testing. Patients are likely to present with longstanding problems caused by joint overuse; however, it is vital to be cautious of red flag symptoms which could prompt urgent referrals. It is also important to manage patients’ expectations and to support them with adjusting to limited joint mobility in everyday life.
Hegemonic Masculinity Predicts Support for U.S. Political Figures Accused of Sexual Assault
Authors: Schermerhorn Nathaniel E. C. , Vescio Theresa K. , Lewis Kathrine A.
Published: March 2022

In three studies ( N = 886), we hypothesized and found that women’s and men’s endorsement of the culturally idealized form of masculinity, hegemonic masculinity (HM), predicted more positive evaluations of a political figure accused of sexual violence (Supreme Court Justice Kavanaugh) and more negative evaluations of the women who made accusations of sexual assault. HM predicted these evaluations over and above political party, gender, race, education, and sexism (Study 1), rape myth endorsement (Study 2), and the likelihood to sexually harass (Study 3). Implications for the maintenance of the status quo and the prevalence of sexual violence against women in the United States are discussed.
Mobile phone paradox: A two-path model connecting mobile phone use and feeling of loneliness for Filipino domestic workers in Hong Kong
Authors: Zhong Li , Huang Vincent , Guo Steve
Published: March 2022

Due to separation from their families and friends in their home countries and constrained living conditions in the host countries, migrant workers usually are found to experience loneliness. Compared with male migrant workers, female migrant workers are more vulnerable and likely to experience higher levels of psychological problems. The ubiquity of mobile phones enables migrant workers to access resources and social support to help to alleviate loneliness. However, research also suggests that mobile phone use may lead to a higher level of loneliness because problematic or excessive use displaces meaningful social interactions. This study investigates this mobile phone paradox among Filipino domestic workers (FDWs) in Hong Kong. Specifically, it explores the relationships between mobile phone use and two types of loneliness, namely social and emotional loneliness. Further, informed by the augmentation hypothesis and the displacement hypothesis, this research advances a two-path model to illustrate how mobile phone use connects with loneliness through social support and problematic mobile phone use. Findings from a survey of 492 FDWs reveal disjunctive effects. There is no direct correlation between mobile phone use and the two types of loneliness. Both problematic mobile phone use and social support are found to mediate the negative association between mobile phone use and social loneliness, while only problematic mobile phone use mediates the positive association between mobile phone use and emotional loneliness. Implications of the research on migrant workers’ mobile phone use and practical implications for social work and government efforts in helping FDWs dealing with loneliness are discussed.
Who’s gonna use this? Acceptance prediction of emerging technologies with Cognitive-Affective Mapping and transdisciplinary considerations in the Anthropocene
Authors: Livanec Sabrina , Stumpf Michael , Reuter Lisa , Fenn Julius , Kiesel Andrea
Published: March 2022

In the Anthropocene, mankind is facing enormous challenges. Science and technology obviously have an essential role to play in addressing these challenges but have to be supplemented by the collaboration of different actors from the scientific and non-scientific community. Possibly beneficial technologies can only unfold their full potential if they are socially accepted. Participation and transdisciplinarity are key concepts in this regard. The need for methods fostering collaborative knowledge production and reverse communication from the public to the scientific community is accordingly high. In this article, we propose to apply Cognitive-Affective Mapping (CAM) to predict psychological acceptance of novel research fields and potentially resulting technologies. As an example, we use life-like materials systems. CAM enables acceptance prediction at an early stage—already for basic research when prototypes are not yet available. The method bridges the gap between qualitative and quantitative research traditions. Its product—Cognitive-Affective Maps (CAMs)—is a vivid visual tool. In perspective, CAM-based technology acceptance assessment can be conceived as a participatory, transdisciplinary practice.
Plasmalyte-A Based del Nido Cardioplegia Versus Plain Ringer Based del Nido Cardioplegia: Double-Blind Randomized Trial
Authors: Talwar Sachin , Harshavardhan Niraghatam , Kapoor Poonam M. , Makhija Neeti , Rajashekar Palleti , Sreenivas Vishnubhatla , Upadhyay Ashish D. , Sahu Manoj K. , Choudhary Shiv K.
Published: March 2022

Background: In this prospective randomized controlled trial, we compared the standard del Nido cardioplegia solution (SDN) with the modified del Nido cardioplegia solution (MDN) in which the base solution was the plain Ringer solution. Methods: A total of 80 patients aged < 12 years undergoing intracardiac repair of Tetralogy of Fallot were randomized into SDN (n = 39) or MDN (n = 41) groups. The primary outcome was a change in cardiac index (CI). Secondary outcomes were ventricular arrhythmias after the release of aortic-cross clamp, postoperative inotropic score (IS), time to peripheral rewarming, duration of mechanical ventilation, intensive care unit (ICU) length of stay, and hospital length of stay, and electron microscopic differences between the 2 groups. Cardiac Troponin-I, inflammatory markers tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and interleukin-L (IL-6) were measured. Results: Applying the noninferiority confidence interval approach, the difference between the changes in CI between the 2 groups was −0.093 L/min/m2 (95% CI: −0.46-0.27 L/min/m2) which was within the noninferiority threshold of −0.5 indicating that CI was similar in both SDN and MDN. Ventricular arrhythmias postclamp release ( P = .91), IS ( P = .09), duration of mechanical ventilation ( P = .27), ICU length of stay ( P = .50), hospital length of stay ( P = .57), IL-6 ( P = .19), TNF-α ( P = .17), Troponin-I ( P = .15), electron microscopy changes ( P > .05) were not different between groups. Conclusion: MDN was shown to be noninferior to the SDN cardioplegia in terms of preservation of cardiac index. In addition, other metrics indicative of myocardial protection were similar between groups. In developing nations where SDN is not available or is expensive, MDN cardioplegia is an acceptable alternative.