bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Land Regularisation in Vidigal, Rio de Janeiro - Was de Soto right?
Authors: Deagle Joanna Emily
Published: June 2022

Based largely on economist, Hernando de Soto’s, work many developing countries have implemented programmes of formalisation of property in order to unleash capital located within informal settlements and to promote wider economic growth. Although many authors have illustrated that legalised property alone does not necessarily lead to these economic advantages, Brazil’s government has sought to create other mechanisms that should help the production of such benefits. For this reason, this paper, drawn from my Masters dissertation, explores land regularisation in the informal settlement, Vidigal, in Rio de Janeiro. It aims to understand the economic impact of land regularisation in Vidigal and if the benefits of legalised property, proposed by de Soto, have actually materialised there. By looking at one community, it hopes to highlight some of the shortcomings of the programme that still persist, which should be considered during the design and implementation of future programmes.
Twenty Years Wandering (But Not in the Desert): Brazil’s 1967-1989 absence from UN peacekeeping
Authors: Uziel Eduardo , Vargas João
Published: June 2022

Since the early 1990s, Brazilian officials have often underlined the country’s role as a traditional contributor of troops to peacekeeping operations, beginning with participation in UNEF I, in 1957. However, for the two decades from 1967 to 1989, Brazil did not take part in peacekeeping – a particularly puzzling absence given that this was a period of increased Brazilian activism at the UN, including in international security issues. This article suggests that one of the main reasons for Brazil’s withdrawal was concern regarding the excessive role of the great powers in controlling these operations. From 1967 to 1977, Brazil participated in the attempt to stop the Security Council from consolidating its control over these operations, seeking thereby to reduce their vulnerability to great power manipulation. In 1977, it desisted from this endeavor, and returned to peacekeeping only in 1989, by which time Brazil, the world, and peacekeeping had all changed significantly.
MONUSCO: a atuação brasileira em operações de paz robustas
Authors: De Souza Graziene Carneiro
Published: June 2022

The Resolution 2098 of the UN Security Council (UNSC) of March 28th 2013 authorized with originality, the creation of a Force Intervention Brigade to work in the Democratic Republic of Congo. Although the appointed Brazilian General to command MONUSCO does not operate as an official representative of Brazil but instead as an UN official, this action reinforces the interest of Brazil on UN peace operations. Stressing the Brazilian efforts to win a seat as a permanent member of the UNSC and considering its participation since 1956, in 47 UN peacekeeping missions, this article questions the Brazilian’s intention and capacity to be active in robust operations.Keywords: MONUSCO, Brazilian participation, military capability.
Border Crossing in Contemporary Brazilian Culture: Global Perspectives from the Twenty-First Century Literary Scene
Authors: Valim de Melo Cimara
Published: June 2022

Abstract: This paper investigates the process of internationalisation of Brazilian literature in the twenty-first century from the perspective of the publishing market. For this, we analyse how Brazil has responded to globalisation and what effects of cultural globalisation can be seen in the Brazilian literary scene, focusing on the novel. Observing the movement of the novelists throughout the globe, the reception of Brazilian literature in the United Kingdom and the relations between art and the literary market in Brazil, we intend to provoke some reflections on Brazilian cultural history in the light of the twenty-first century.
The misadventures of a narrator and his servant: Machado de Assis and the characters of “A Semana”.
Authors: Cardozo de Souza Ana Paula
Published: June 2022

Between 1892 and 1897 Machado de Assis published “A Semana”, his last and longest-running series of crônicas, in which it was possible to identify his opinions on the first years of the Brazilian Republic in between the lines. Commenting on the weekly events reported by the “Gazeta the Notícias” and other daily papers, the author criticized the ongoing attempts at hygienizing and modernizing Rio de Janeiro and the habits of its citizens. In his task, he created fictional characters to exemplify the contradictions inherent to the society and reflected in the press: the narrator and his servant, José Rodrigues. In this article, I analyze Rodrigues' appearances in “A Semana” and their possible significance in the context of a society undergoing profound changes while retaining some old customs.
A exceção como prática: as políticas de pacificação no Rio de Janeiro (2008-2015)
Authors: Rodrigues Thiago , De Castro Flávia Rodrigues , Mendonça Thaiane
Published: June 2022

O presente artigo tem como principal objetivo analisar a existência de uma relação entre a política de segurança pública do Rio de Janeiro, implementada pelas Unidades de Polícia Pacificadora (UPP) e pelas forças de pacificação do Exército Brasileiro, e a produção de “espaços” de exceção que funcionam sob a dupla categorial vida biológica-vida política (zoé-bíos). Parte-se da hipótese de que o regime de exceção que a atual política de segurança pública produz não se estende a todo o território estadual, mas restringe-se a espaços determinados, nos quais há a suspensão de uma série de direitos civis e a atuação da polícia como ator soberano. Nesses “espaços” de exceção o Estado da lei ameaça transformar-se em Estado policial, cujo poder incide sobre indivíduos forçosamente reduzidos à “vida nua”, isto é, indivíduos que podem ter sua vida exterminada sem que isso constitua a perpetração de algum crime ou violação. Este cenário aponta para a construção de sociedades de (in)segurança que, ao constituírem-se como um espaço pautado pela politização da vida nua, possibilitam a imposição de medidas que seriam inaceitáveis sem esta construção.
“Esculacho” and other spoken meanings of pacification in Rio de Janeiro
Authors: Zaluar Alba
Published: June 2022

Broad approach to what we called “Perceptions of Leadership, 'State Lies,' and the Esculacho in the Favela: The Anthropology of Pacification in Rio de Janeiro.” Based on the idea that there is great diversity among and within favelas. Their specific histories in building associations and in developing drug traffic, as well as the local UPP style of handling local affairs, are the keys for understanding the open conflicts or the cooperation between police and dwellers. Since favelas do not have the same history, since the commander style varies, since practices of officers and soldiers in UPPs are not homogeneous, one cannot generalize how residents evaluate and accept this new policing inside favelas. Zaluar’s original fieldwork consists of interviews of UPP officers, community leaders, and favela dwellers, and ultimately paints a nuanced picture of an entire spectrum of reactions to UPPs.
Ordem, empreendorismo e formalização: as novas funções para a pobreza urbana no Rio de Janeiro Global.
Authors: Brum Mario Sergio
Published: June 2022

É preciso enfocarmos menos no policiamento e mais na criação dum ambiente de negócios seguro e nas estrutras duma cultura de empreendedorismo na favela. Também é preciso narrar a história urbana a partir das diferentes formas de incorporação dos segmentos mais pobres da cidade à ordem do capital. E também identificar especificamente os mecanismos históricos e sociais analisados como parte desse processo de estimular o ambiente de negócios e, junto a ele, o empreendedorismo
Rio's Feminist Funk: An Undulating Curve of Shifting Perspectives
Authors: Lyra Kate
Published: June 2022

By looking at the growth of rap and favela funk as it begins to acquire visibility among the Brazilian middle class in Rio de Janeiro, this article analyzes black women performers of funk and rap who have negotiated the use of the pejorative depictions of women inherent to the genre to express a type of empowerment. Exploring the transitions between generations of feminist thought and practice, I explore the resonance of gender ideologies with working-class and racialized women rap and funk performers. The article emphasizes the importance of these performers for voice and visibility, preparing the stage for a fourth wave of feminism erupting through but transcending lipstick, libido and microphones
Lendo alteridades, forjando identidades à luz da Segunda Escolástica: Antônio Vieira, um jardineiro de almas selvagens.
Authors: Da Silva Felipe Lima
Published: June 2022

Este artigo pretende refletir acerca da configuração da imagem do índio no sermonário de Antônio Vieira, relacionando questões eminentes do pensamento escolástico e dos interesses da ordem jesuítica. Mais precisamente, será enfocada a visão dos missionários sobre a alteridade do Novo Mundo, ressaltando, por sua vez, a ótica pragmática de Vieira a propósito dos povos recém-descobertos no século XVI.
A Literatura Indígena Brasileira: Um Movimento de Afirmação Política e Identitária
Authors: Rosa Francis Mary Soares Correia da
Published: June 2022

O objetivo deste artigo é mapear o processo de construção das práticas literárias, desde o percurso da autoria coletiva a individual entre as culturas indígenas no Brasil contemporâneo. Utiliza-se para isso uma metodologia crítica fundamentada nos estudos culturais. Espera-se com isso, um estudo que possa fornecer aportes teóricos que apontem para as mudanças de perspectivas estéticas, políticas e culturais que a literatura indígena provoca.
Ética do gueto: figuras do mal em canções de rap brasileiras e norte-americanas
Authors: Cazarim da Silva Thiago
Published: June 2022

O objetivo deste trabalho é destacar alguns aspectos relativos à cultura hip-hop e, em particular, às canções de rap como formas de experiência do espaço urbano. As canções de rap de artistas dos EUA e do Brasil, que produzem diferentes narrativas e figurações do urbano, parecem manifestar uma experiência da cidade como lugar decisivamente marcado pelo signo do mal, ou melhor, dos diferentes males que nela tomam corpo e lugar. Uma tal experiência, por sua vez, implica a produção de interrogações de cunho ético acerca do papel da arte popular e das possibilidades de conduta e ação individual e social na cidade. Desta forma, a cidade, mais que palco para as performances das artes de rua, é também vivida como persona capaz de abrir interpelações éticas.
A perversão como estética política para a sexualidade: notas sobre a revista Nin
Authors: Amaral Muriel Emídio Pessoa do , Bertolli Filho Claudio , Baptista Maria Manuel Rocha Teixeira
Published: June 2022

A proposta desse texto é de aprofundar como o conceito de perversão e política podem ser aplicados no reconhecimento da diversidade de práticas e orientações sexuais. Neste momento, a perversão é entendida como desafio às estruturas de poder e política como manifestação pública de visibilidade. Para esse efeito, foi escolhido como objeto de estudo a revista brasileira Nin para ser analisada e perceber como os discursos e representações de corpos e de sexualidades podem ser desafiadoras de discursos de poder, além de oferecer outras interfaces de reconhecimento de sujeitos e sexualidades.
"Quebrantados, na ociosidade e na intemperança": devassidão, bebedeira e indisciplina entre os holandeses durante sua conquista de Salvador (1624-1625)
Authors: Gurian Gabriel Ferreira
Published: June 2022

Cerca de seis anos antes da conquista de Pernambuco em 1630, que daria início a uma ocupação de quase um quarto de século das capitanias setentrionais do Brasil, a Companhia Neerlandesa das Índias Ocidentais lançou uma empresa com intuito de tomar a então capital da colônia portuguesa na América, Salvador. Com sucesso inicial, seguido de quase um ano de controle da cidade, a resposta das forças ibéricas que previamente dominavam aquelas paragens foi massiva e, ao fim e ao cabo, terminaram por reconquistá-la. Ainda que a frota luso-espanhola enviada com este fim tenha sido a maior a cruzar a linha do Equador até então, tendo expressivo peso na balança dos eventos que culminaram em sua reconquista da urbe, os testemunhos e grandes narrativas sobre o episódio pontuam grande influência de algumas posturas e atitudes das forças batavas, condenáveis aos olhos coetâneos, no percurso que terminou com sua derrota. Dentre elas, destacam-se a bebedeira constante, luxúria, indisciplina militar e descaso com as estruturas de defesa da urbe conquistada. O presente texto se debruçará sobre testemunhos e impressões coevos a fim de mapear as perspectivas sobre tais posturas dos militares holandeses e suas consequências nos eventos ocorridos na Baía de Todos os Santos entre 1624 e 1625.
Overcoming challenges in management of atopic dermatitis: Role of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis and treatment target of atopic dermatitis (ROAD)
Authors: Ho Ka Keung , Hau Kwun Cheung , Chan Alson Wai Ming , Chan Davis Yung , Ho Marco Hok Kung , Loo Steven King Fan , Alfred Tam Yat Cheung , Pellacani Giovanni , Hebert Adelaide A. , Braganza Lisa
Published: June 2022

The Dermatology Advisory Board on Atopic Dermatitis from Asian Medical Expert Academy compiles current evidence-based approach review in managing atopic dermatitis (AD) among Asians. Electronic searches were performed to retrieve relevant published paper, systematic reviews, and guidelines on AD in the period of 2010-2020. A premeeting survey was performed prior to the meeting to gather opinions from experts to identify the individual unmet demands in the current management, and the possible strategies to overcome these issues. Collective opinions are scrutinized during the next step in a meeting, with the establishment of the opinions into an updated consensus in current AD management. Meeting of all committees through webinar platform in 2020 is called in making the current position in the AD management. Current challenges in AD management include steroid phobia, compliance, myths among the community, frequent flares leading to loss of patience, and good rapport. The Expert Panel recommends a stepwise approach to treatment based on disease severity. The use of moisturizers is recommended across all levels of AD severity. Oxidative stress is recognized as an important contributor to AD that can directly damage skin cells and induce an immune response that leads to AD. Prescribed Emollient Device (PED) with antioxidants can help mitigate the effects of oxidative stress in causing AD. Furfuryl palmitate is an antioxidant that has demonstrated efficacy in managing symptoms of AD in adults and children, as well as other inflammatory dermatoses. PEDs can potentially play an important role in the treatment of AD by augmenting "upstream" treatment. This could potentially help reduce the risk of side effects and adverse events in patients undergoing treatment for AD. Furfuryl palmitate is an antioxidant that has demonstrated efficacy in managing symptoms of AD in adults and children.
Unification in the Description Logic EL w.r.t. Cycle-Restricted TBoxes
Authors: Baader Franz , Borgwardt Stefan , Morawska Barbara
Published: June 2022

Unification in Description Logics (DLs) has been proposed as an inference service that can, for example, be used to detect redundancies in ontologies. The inexpressive Description Logic EL is of particular interest in this context since, on the one hand, several large biomedical ontologies are defined using EL. On the other hand, unification in EL has recently been shown to be NP-complete, and thus of significantly lower complexity than unification in other DLs of similarly restricted expressive power. However, the unification algorithms for EL developed so far cannot deal with general concept inclusion axioms (GCIs). This paper makes a considerable step towards addressing this problem, but the GCIs our new unification algorithm can deal with still need to satisfy a certain cycle restriction.
Computing Minimal EL-Unifiers is Hard
Authors: Baader Franz , Borgwardt Stefan , Morawska Barbara
Published: June 2022

Unification has been investigated both in modal logics and in description logics, albeit with different motivations. In description logics, unification can be used to detect redundancies in ontologies. In this context, it is not sufficient to decide unifiability, one must also compute appropriate unifiers and present them to the user. For the description logic EL, which is used to define several large biomedical ontologies, deciding unifiability is an NP-complete problem. It is known that every solvable EL-unification problem has a minimal unifier, and that every minimal unifier is a local unifier. Existing unification algorithms for EL compute all minimal unifiers, but additionally (all or some) non-minimal local unifiers. Computing only the minimal unifiers would be better since there are considerably less minimal unifiers than local ones, and their size is usually also quite small. In this paper we investigate the question whether the known algorithms for EL-unification can be modified such that they compute exactly the minimal unifiers without changing the complexity and the basic nature of the algorithms. Basically, the answer we give to this question is negative.
On-the-fly Non-adiabatic Dynamics Simulations of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes with Covalent Defects
Authors: Weight Braden , Sifain Andrew , Gifford Brendan , Htoon Han , Tretiak Sergei
Published: June 2022

Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) with covalent surface defects have been explored recently due to their promise for use in single-photon telecommunication emission and in spintronic applications. The dynamical evolution of excitons (the primary electronic excitations) in these systems has only been loosely explored due to the limitations of these large systems (> 300 atoms). We present computational modeling of non-radiative relaxation on a variety of SWCNT chiralities with single-defect functionalization schemes. Our modeling uses a trajectory surface hopping algorithm accounting for excitonic effects with a configuration interaction approach. We find a strong chirality and defect-composition dependence on the population relaxation (50 – 500 fs) between the nanotube band-gap excitation and the defect-associated, single-photon-emitting state, giving insight into the dynamic trapping nature of these localized excitonic states. Engineering fast population decay into the quasi-two-level sub-system with weak coupling to higher-energy states increases the effectiveness and controllability of these quantum light emitters.
Topological analysis of functions on arbitrary grids: Applications to quantum chemistry
Authors: Hutcheon Michael , Teale Andrew
Published: June 2022

Algorithms are presented for performing topological analysis of functions defined on grids of points. By connecting these points according to a Delaunay triangulation, a neighbourhood graph is constructed that allows the topological analysis to be recast as a problem in graph theory. This allows for the treatment of arbitrary grids, including those employed in standard density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The flexibility of the approach is demonstrated for various applications involving analysis of the charge and magnetically induced current densities in molecules, where features of the neighbourhood graph are found to correspond to chemically relevant topographical properties, such as Bader charges. These properties converge using an order of magnitude fewer grid points than previous approaches, whilst exhibiting an appealing $O(N\log(N))$ scaling of the computational cost. The issue of grid bias is discussed in the context of graph based algorithms and strategies for avoiding this bias are presented.
A Small Molecule Inhibitor with Elongated Residence Time Blocking the Cytolytic Effects of the Pore-Forming Toxin Pneumolysin
Authors: Aziz Umer Bin Abdul , Bermudez Marcel , Mieth Maren , Saoud Ali , Rudolf Thomas , Arkona Christoph , Böttcher Christoph , Ludwig Kai , Hocke Andreas , Wolber Gerhard , Rademann Jörg
Published: June 2022

Pneumolysin (PLY) is a pore-forming, cholesterol-dependent cytolysin (CDC) from Streptococcus pneumoniae, the main bacterial cause for community-acquired pneumonia. Liberation of PLY during host infection leads to strong immune activation and cytolytic cell death. Thus, inhibition of PLY could be a valuable approach to attenuate detrimental effects of hyper-inflammatory immune reactions during pneumococcal lung infection. Here, we report discovery, development, and validation of small molecule inhibitors of PLY, denominated as pore-blockers (PB). PB-1 was identified by combined screening inhibiting PLY-mediated hemolysis. PB-2 blocked pore formation with greatly improved potency as demonstrated by cryo-electron tomography. Scaffold-hopping delivered PB-3 with superior chemical stability, solubility, and a specific mode of action, characterized by an elongated residence time. It prevented human lung epithelial cells from PLY-mediated cytolysis and cell death, also during infection with Streptococcus pneumoniae. In conclusion, druglike PLY-inhibitors such as PB-3 might become valuable adjuvant options in the treatment of severe pneumococcal infections.
Harvesting a wide spectral range of electronic coherences with disordered quasi-homo dimeric assemblies at room temperature
Authors: Hamilton James , Amarotti Edoardo , Dibenedetto Carlo Nazareno , Striccoli Marinella , Levine Raphael D. , Collini Elisabetta , Remacle Francoise
Published: June 2022

A wide variety of photoinduced electronic coherences are shown to be robust with respect to dephasing in ensembles of quasi-homodimers assembled with sub-nm ligands from colloidal 3 nm CdSe quantum dots (QDs) with controlled 9% size dispersion, both in solution and in solid-state. Coherence periods ranging from 40 to 300 fs are consistently characterized by multi-dimensional electronic spectroscopy in the Vis range in solution and solid-state samples. A theoretical model that includes size dispersion, spin orbit coupling, and crystal field splitting supports the assignment of electronic coherences. Further, this model provides a guide for optimizing the coherences by tuning the interplay between dimer electronic delocalization, optical activity and size dispersion. The experimental persistence of many QD electronic coherences at the level of the size dispersed ensemble in the solid-state and in solution opens the way for building versatile bottom-up materials well suited to quantum technology applications.
Covalent functionalization of CdSe quantum dot films with molecular [FeFe] hydrogenase mimics for light-driven hydrogen evolution
Authors: Benndorf Stefan , Schleusener Alexander , Müller Riccarda , Micheel Mathias , Baruah Raktim , Dellith Jan , Undisz Andreas , Neumann Christof , Turchanin Andrey , Leopold Kerstin , Weigand Wolfgang , Wächtler Maria
Published: June 2022

CdSe quantum dots combined with [FeFe] hydrogenase mimics as molecular catalytic reaction centers based on earth abundant elements have demonstrated promising activity for photocatalytic hydrogen generation. Direct linking of the [FeFe] hydrogenase mimics to the quantum dots surface is expected to enhance the activity of the system by establishing close contact between the [FeFe] hydrogenase mimics and the light harvesting quantum dots supporting the transfer and accumulation of several electrons which are needed to drive hydrogen evolution. To circumvent the problem of limited colloidal stability upon covalent functionalization of the quantum dots under optimal pH conditions for hydrogen evolution, in this work, we report on the functionalization of quantum dots immobilized in a thin film architecture on a substrate with [FeFe] hydrogenase mimics by covalent linking via carboxylate groups as anchoring functionality to bind to the QD surface. The functionalization was monitored via UV/Vis absorption, photoluminescence, infrared (ATR-FTIR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and quantified via micro X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (μXRF). The activity of the molecularly functionalized thin film was demonstrated and in dependence on the linker length TONs in the range of 360-580 (short linker) and 130-160 (long linker) were achieved. This work presents a proof of concept study showing the potential of thin film architectures of immobilized quantum dots as platform for light-driven hydrogen evolution and beyond.
Autonomous visual detection of defects from battery electrode manufacturing
Authors: Choudhary Nirmal , Clever Henning , Ludwigs Robert , Rath Michael , Gannouni Aymen , Schmetz Arno , Hülsmann Tom , Sawodny Julia , Fischer Leon , Kampker Achim , Fleischer Juergen , Stein Helge Sören
Published: June 2022

The increasing global demand for high-quality and low-cost battery electrodes poses major challenges for battery cell production. As mechanical defects on the electrode sheets have an impact on the cell performance and their lifetime, inline quality control during electrode production is of high importance. Correlation of detected defects with process parameters provides the basis for optimization of the production process and thus enables long-term reduction of reject rates, shortening of the production ramp-up phase, and maximization of equipment availability. To enable automatic detection of visually detectable defects on electrode sheets passing through the process steps at a speed of 9 m/s, a You-Only-Look-Once architecture (YOLO architecture) for the identification of visual detectable defects on coated electrode sheets is demonstrated within this work. The ability of the quality assurance (QA) system developed here to detect mechanical defects in real time is validated by an exemplary integration of the architecture into the electrode manufacturing process chain at the Battery Lab Factory Braunschweig.
Two color imaging of different hypoxia levels in cancer cells
Authors: Wallabregue Antoine , Bolland Hannah , Faulkner Stephen , Hammond Ester , Conway Stuart
Published: June 2022

Hypoxia (low oxygen levels) exists in a wide range of biological contexts, including plants roots, bacterial biofilms, and solid tumors. In all cases, hypoxia elicits responses affecting the biological system that is experiencing low oxygen that impact on its survival. In the case of bacterial biofilms and tumors, hypoxia makes treating these conditions more difficult and has a negative impact on patient prognosis. Therefore, chemical probes that enable the study of biological hypoxia are valuable tools to help increase understanding of disease-related conditions that involve low oxygen levels, ultimately leading to improved diagnosis and treatment. While a number of small molecule-based hypoxia-sensing probes exist, the majority of these image only very severe hypoxia (≥1% O2), and therefore do not give a full picture of biological hypoxia, which is heterogenous. Commonly used antibody-based imaging tools for hypoxia are less convenient than small molecules, as secondary detection steps involving immunostaining are required. Here we report the synthesis, electrochemical properties, photophysical analysis, and biological validation of a range of indolequinone-based bioreductive fluorescent probes. We show that these compounds can image different levels of hypoxia in 2D and 3D cell culture. The resorufin-based probe 2 was activated in conditions of 4% O2 and lower, while the Tokyo green-based probe 4 was only activated in severe hypoxia – 0.5% O2 and less. Simultaneous application of these compounds in spheroids revealed that compound 2 images similar levels of hypoxia to pimonidazole, while compound 4 images more extreme hypoxia in a manner analogous to EF5. Compounds 2 and 4 are therefore useful tools to study hypoxia in a cellular setting and represent convenient alternatives to antibody-based imaging approaches.
The Relationship between Psychological Distress, Sociodemographic Variables, and Mental Health for Adolescents During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Fatima Tooba , Suneel Ivan , Nazim Abia , Majeed Saima
Published: June 2022

Purpose: The current study examined the impact of demographic correlates such as socio-economic status, family structure, resources, pre-existing physical and mental health conditions, and the home environment on the psychological distress reported by adolescents during a lockdown period.

Design/Methodology/Approach: It was a correlational study that followed the cross-sectional research design. Through purposive and convenient sampling adolescents were approached and 158 participants aged 18-27 years (M = 18.89, SD = 1.83) completed an online survey. The survey consisted of a demographic information sheet, medical history form, and DASS 21.

Findings: Results indicated that psychological distress, anxiety, and depression were significantly positively correlated with socioeconomic status. There was a negative correlation between distress and the availability of house help. The data show a strong positive relationship between distress and having a pre-existing medical condition and even stronger correlations when family members have such conditions.

Implications/Originality/Value:

This data is relevant for teachers and administrators who are actively involved with these young adults at a personal or systemic level, as well as for college counselling centres to create supportive spaces for mental health care during the pandemic.
Experiencia en la implementación del equipo de respuesta rápida en una Institución de Cuarto Nivel.
Authors: Sarmiento Edgar Miguel , Supelano Garcia Mario Alfonso , Guzman Gualteros Cristian Camilo , Torres Torres Carrie Gissette
Published: June 2022

Introducción. En el Hospital Universitario Clínica San Rafael, actualmente es el equipo de código azul a cargo del departamento medicina interna, el que responde los llamados activados por parte del grupo de enfermería encargado del paciente cuando este último cumple los criterios para esta alerta. Con la implementación de los equipos de respuesta rápida el gran objetivo es identificar los pacientes en riesgo de descompensación clínica por la cual está siendo manejado en la hospitalización; con la intención de la disminución de la mortalidad dentro de la institución y de las complicaciones asociadas a procedimientos llevados a cabo.
Objetivos. Describir la experiencia de un equipo que reconozca tempranamente el deterioro de las variables de los signos vitales que se alerte bajo criterios predeterminados identificando las falencias en su implementación del grupo de respuesta rápida en el periodo comprendido entre abril de 2019 a mayo de 2021.
Metodología. Estudio observacional, de corte transversal, ambispectivo con componente analítico que se realizó en dos periodos diferentes comprendido entre abril de 2019 a mayo de 2020.Por el advenimiento de la pandemia dada por el COVID-19 tuvo que suspenderse la recolección durante el año 2020 y se reinició en enero hasta julio del año 2021.
Resultados. Las activaciones de este sistema registradas en nuestra institución se dieron en 85% por los jefes de enfermería y fueron atendidos en el 59% por medicina general. La pertinencia del llamado fue de más del 80%, tratándose de una utilización óptima del equipo. Los desenlaces reportados al final de la atención, fue un 100% de pacientes vivos.
Conclusiones. Se implementa un programa piloto de equipo de respuesta rápida bajo la adopción de variables clínicas de modelos internacionales. Nuestro trabajo tiene fortalezas como ser uno de los pocos hechos en Colombia, evaluando pacientes quirúrgicos y no quirúrgicos, con implementación de con herramientas adaptadas a nuestro idioma se logró identificar que la variabilidad de signos circulatorios y respiratorios debe ser de gran interés. Reconocemos que frente a otros estudios el nuestro dispone de poco tiempo, en otras instituciones han requerido la capacitación por años para eficacia del equipo de respuesta rápida.
Utilidad del cultivo de esputo en una población adulta con neumonía adquirida en la comunidad
Authors: Perez Benjumea Paola Andrea , Cadavid González Vanessa , Cuervo Martinez Jesica Andrea , Gómez González Javier Alberto , Forero Victor Hugo
Published: June 2022

Introducción. La neumonía adquirida en la comunidad (NAC) es una de las principales causas de muerte en el mundo ocupando el tercer lugar con aproximadamente 1,6 millones de muertes por año en personas mayores de 59 años. Al tratarse de una patología frecuente, precisa de métodos diagnósticos efectivos, rápidos y de bajo costo que permitan su ejecución cotidiana, entre estos, se han planteado la tinción de Gram y el cultivo de esputo como métodos disponibles desde el servicio de urgencias.
Objetivo. Indagar la utilidad del cultivo de esputo en pacientes con NAC, en función de la modificación terapéutica. 
Metodología. Estudio de corte transversal retrospectivo. Se tomaron todos los pacientes con diagnóstico relacionado con neumonía por CIE-10 entre los años 2011-2018 y se seleccionaron aquellos con cultivo de esputo positivo y se aplicaron los criterios de elegibilidad. Las variables continuas se presentaron a través de media y desviación estándar y las categóricas en frecuencias y porcentajes. Se realizó análisis bivariado en variables cualitativas mediante la construcción de tablas de contingencia de 2x2. En adición, para las variables cuantitativas se determinó la normalidad con la prueba de Shapiro-Wilk, posteriormente se hizo la relación de la variable desenlace con los días de hospitalización mediante una prueba de T student comprobando los supuestos de normalidad y homogeneidad considerando significativo un valor p menor a 0.05. Todo el análisis estadístico se realizó en el software RStudio 1.2.5001.
Resultados. Se obtuvieron 255 registros de cultivos de esputo positivo, se incluyeron 49 pacientes; el 71.4% (n=35) de los pacientes presentaban como enfermedad concomitante la alteración pulmonar estructural. Los aislamientos identificados fueron Klebsiella pneumoniae (36.73%, n=18), Staphylococcus aureus (8.16%, n=4) y Cándida albicans en un 12.24% (n=6). El 71.4% (n=35) de los pacientes presentaban como enfermedad concomitante la alteración pulmonar estructural y en los factores de riesgo con mayor impacto se destacó el alcoholismo en el 10% (n=5) de la población.
Conclusiones. El cultivo de esputo es útil solo en aquellos casos con empeoramiento del estado general, sin respuesta al manejo inicial, ya que la mayoría de los pacientes responden de forma adecuada al tratamiento farmacológico inicial recomendado por las guías internacionales y nacionales independiente del aislamiento microbiológico.
Vulnerabilidad social y riesgo sanitario
Authors: Hernández Pedreño Manuel , Romero Sánchez Eduardo , Haz Gómez Francisco Eduardo , García Luque Olga
Published: June 2022

Aunque existe un gran número de investigaciones que relacionan las condiciones sociales con los niveles de contagio de la enfermedad covid-19, apenas se han contextualizado en el ámbito agrícola. Dado este vacío, el presente estudio profundiza en los determinantes sociales que repercuten en altas tasas de incidencia de la pandemia en un contexto laboral agrario, donde confluye una importante población inmigrante, como es el caso del municipio murciano de Totana. A partir de una metodología de investigación-acción se complementan fuentes de información secundarias (revisión de estudios y análisis estadístico de bases de datos), con tres fuentes primarias aplicadas a diferentes agentes sociales: a) encuesta, realizada a trabajadores de empresa hortofrutícola; b) entrevista en profundidad a representantes de hogares vulnerables; y c) grupo de discusión con profesionales de distintas áreas de intervención ante la emergencia sociosanitaria. Los resultados permiten vincular las condiciones sociales del municipio con los menores niveles de protección social y, por tanto, de prevención ante la pandemia. Mientras la población encuestada manifiesta un conocimiento medio-alto de los riesgos de la pandemia, en los colectivos más vulnerables se encuentran verdaderas limitaciones, derivadas de las deficientes condiciones sociolaborales y residenciales. Los profesionales destacan que la pandemia ha acentuado los riesgos sociales preexistentes, vinculados a la fuerte atracción de mano de obra estacional agrícola. El estudio verifica que la precariedad laboral y residencial de un elevado grupo de población local han incidido en sus mayores niveles de contagio, principalmente en la nacionalidad extranjera, que cuentan con menores recursos familiares y/o educativos.
Desigualdad alimentaria en adolescentes
Authors: Rivera Navarro Jesús
Published: June 2022

Este artículo se base en un análisis de la literatura científica sobre la desigualdad alimentaria entre la población adolescente. De dicho análisis, se desprende que, en España, las enfermedades relacionadas con la alimentación no saludable se están incrementando al mismo tiempo que la dieta mediterránea es sustituida por otro tipo de alimentación en el que predominan los alimentos procesados. Uno de los grupos más vulnerables, respecto a la alimentación no saludable, son los/as adolescentes. Estos tienen peor alimentación que otras franjas etarias pero entre ellos/as mismos/as también existen diferencias según el nivel socioeconómico. El entorno dónde las personas viven puede ser un buen indicador para analizar las diferencias antedichas, de esta forma, el barrio dónde se vive parece determinante en la salud que se tenga y también en la alimentación. Existen dos modelos teóricos, que creemos idóneos, para el estudio de las diferencias alimentarias en adolescentes; uno es el modelo de determinantes de la alimentación, compuesto por el entorno cultural, físico, social y personal; el otro modelo es el marco Angelo, basado principalmente en la obesidad y que incluye factores relacionados tanto con la alimentación como con la actividad física.
Tiempos de pandemia
Authors: Sanz Molina Lidia , Gómez Redondo Susana , Jiménez García Elena
Published: June 2022

Se recoge una experiencia de formación y participación comunitaria intergeneracional entre estudiantes de la Facultad de Educación de Soria y personas mayores. Dicha intervención ha sido realizada en el primer cuatrimestre de 2020-21. La acción consiste en un acercamiento al podcast como herramienta de innovación socioeducativa y de comunicación entre colectivos de edades y contextos formativos diferentes. El objetivo es potenciar las relaciones entre ambos grupos e impulsar acciones de encuentro en el contexto de la COVID-19. Se persigue estimular el acercamiento, eliminar prejuicios gerontofóbicos y potenciar la salud social. La acción parte de la premisa de una educación a lo largo de la vida en contextos formales, no formales e informales. La pandemia añade el objetivo emergente de paliar aislamientos no elegidos, especialmente entre las personas mayores, más vulnerables. Se trata de una experiencia comprensiva, fundamentada en el trabajo de campo etnográfico y centrada en la experimentación. Se concluye que este tipo de acciones reducen los prejuicios sociales y el impacto de la brecha digital y que, a pesar de los deseos incumplidos de presencialidad de los participantes (quienes experienciaron la pantalla como barrera y facilitadora de encuentros), se generan sinergias socioafectivas positivas y saludables en ambos grupos.
emergencias y urgencias sociales desde los Servicios Sociales
Authors: Romero-Martín Sandra , Esteban-Carbonell Elisa , Del Rincón Ruiz María del Mar
Published: June 2022

Introducción: El campo de las urgencias y las emergencias sociales es uno de los considerados destacados por la disciplina de Trabajo Social. Este trabajo tiene como objetivo esclarecer el significado y utilización otorgados desde los servicios sociales a los términos urgencia y emergencia, tanto desde el punto de vista legislativo, como desde la visión de los/as trabajadores/as sociales que intervienen en estas situaciones, recogiendo además propuestas de mejora a nivel formativo.

Material y métodos: Mediante una metodología cualitativa, se ha procedido al análisis de contenido de las leyes de Servicios Sociales de Aragón, Cataluña y Comunidad de Madrid, al tratarse de CCAA donde se han realizado importantes actuaciones en este ámbito en los últimos años. Además, se han realizado un total de siete entrevistas a trabajadores/as sociales de estas CCAA, con una larga trayectoria en este ámbito.

Resultados: Se aprecian diferentes matices en los conceptos de urgencia y emergencia en la legislación de las tres CCAA analizadas, con las consecuentes diferencias en las intervenciones consideradas dentro de cada término. Por su parte, el discurso de los/as profesionales muestra más coincidencias, señalando la importante labor de los trabajadores sociales en este ámbito.

Discusión: Se constata la indefinición y ambigüedad de los términos urgencia y emergencia social, la necesidad de esclarecer sus definiciones, así como la falta de formación específica en estas materias en los itinerarios académicos oficiales de Trabajo Social.
Simulação computacional no estudo da densidade e mobilidade em Vanets e suas influências na comunicação
Authors:   Unidade de pós-graduação do CEETEPS, Galhardi Antonio Cesar , Silva Nathan Cirillo e ,   Faculdade de Tecnologia de Jundiai
Published: June 2022

As redes veiculares buscam por meio de suas aplicações oferecer uma melhor segurança, conforto e entretenimento ao condutor e passageiros. A comunicação nessas aplicações é uma tarefa desafiadora, uma vez que esse tipo de rede envolve alta variação de mobilidade e densidade. Embora grande parte das pesquisas citem a influência desses fatores na comunicação interveicular, ainda são poucos os estudos, principalmente no Brasil, que conseguem demonstrá-la de maneira clara e objetiva. Portanto, o objetivo desta pesquisa é identificar a influência da densidade e mobilidade na comunicação interveicular. Para isso, o protocolo de roteamento AODV foi implementado no cenário urbano da cidade de Jundiaí por meio dos simuladores “MOVE” e “NS2”. Com base na análise dos resultados, pode-se comprovar essa influência, além de destacar a importância da simulação para a identificação de fatores que comprometem a comunicação. Foram consideradas diferentes quantidades de veículos e velocidades para caracterizar cenários com diferentes graus de densidade e mobilidade. Com a simulação, constatou-se a influência da densidade e mobilidade na comunicação entre veículos, por meio das métricas utilizadas: taxa de pacotes enviados, taxa de pacotes recebidos e taxa de colisão de pacotes. A importância da simulação na identificação de fatores que comprometem a comunicação, podendo servir de base para o desenvolvimento de protocolos mais eficientes e adaptáveis aos diversos tipos de cenários existentes.
Структура спектров РФЭС K2FeO4
Authors: Тетерин Ю.А. , Перфильев Ю.Д. , Маслаков К.И. , Яржемский В.Г. , Тетерин А.Ю. , Иванов К.Е. , Дедушенко С.К.
Published: June 2022

Впервые изучена сложная структура спектров РФЭС (рентгеновской фотоэлектронной спектроскопии) валентных и остовных электронов феррата (VI) калия (K2FeO4), содержащего ионы Fe6+ (3d2). Определены энергии связи остовных Eb(Fe 3p3/2) = 57.8 эВ и Eb(Fe 2p3/2) = 712.1 эВ электронов. Изучен механизм возникновения структуры в спектре Fe 3s-электронов. Экспериментальный спектр Fe 3s-электронов катионов Fe6+(3d2) K2FeO4 состоит в основном из двух линий c расщеплением 2.1 эВ. Эта величина согласуется с результатами теоретического расчета 2.6 эВ для 3d2 (Fe6+), выполненного методом взаимодействия конфигураций.
THE FACE OF EDUCATIONAL FREEDOM IN THE PERSPECTIVE OF EDUCATIONAL AND SOCIAL CHANGES. BETWEEN LAWLESSNESS AND SUBJECTION
Authors: Kaminska Malgozhata
Published: June 2022

The article represents an attempt to interpret the concept of freedom of education in the midst of discussions about the value and manifestations of freedom and democracy. It has been proven that nurturing freedom is, in a certain way, an element of nurturing democracy, and the role of education as a leading factor in the formation of relations between freedom and coercion has been analyzed. Freedom of education is both a purpose and a means of caring for the longevity and quality of a democratic society. Two concepts of freedom («freedom from», negative freedom, and «freedom for», positive freedom) have been considered from the point of view of the philosophical and psychological dimension. The article presents a kind of illustration for the phenomena that accompany the educational and social changes taking place in the Polish reality today. Their negative manifestations include a hidden educational program without self-dependence, independence of thought and critical thinking; development and approval of official educational plans and programs; «tyranny of the majority» and non-observance of the rights of the minority; ideologization of education and science. The signalled phenomena of controlled freedom, elitist or fictitious freedom, provided to themselves, devoid of critical reflection and awareness of their consequences, can significantly reduce the quality of education, and therefore weaken the entire educational system and the level of a democratic society. It has been concluded that the pace of real democratic change in education lags behind social and cultural change; despite the expansion of the educational space and the scope of available information, certain tendencies towards educational and ideological subjection continue to persist in Poland.
FEATURES OF THE PROFESSIONAL PRE-HIGHER EDUCATION DEVELOPMENT IN THE CONDITIONS OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF THE SOCIETY
Authors: Kuzmich Iryna
Published: June 2022

The scientific article substantiates the important role of the initiation and development of professional pre-higher education in Ukraine in modern socio-economic conditions. It is noted that education for sustainable development of society is a holistic education, and therefore mediative, health, based on self-awareness and self-creation of the individual, which implements a new type of relationship in the system «human – nature», meeting personal needs and development through self-organization. The place of professional pre-higher education in the structure of the modern education system in Ukraine is highlighted. The main attention is focused on the analysis of the leading features of the development of professional pre-higher education in Ukraine in the conditions of sustainable development of society, among which the author singles out the creation and approval of the legal framework for educational services in this area; standardization of training of applicants for educational and professional degree «professional junior bachelor»; introduction of the competence approach and principles of student-oriented learning in educational activities; active involvement of experts, scientists, various business entities in the development of standards, modernization of the system of professional development of teachers for professional pre-higher education, expansion of the existing network of vocational education institutions with training and production infrastructure that meets modern requirements. Emphasis is placed on the fact that the introduction of professional pre-higher education in Ukraine opens wide opportunities for lifelong learning; Adult education is becoming more flexible, as a person will be able to obtain several vocational education at the expense of the budget during his or her lifetime. Further development of professional pre-higher education in Ukraine will contribute to the recognition of the national system of vocational education at the world level while preserving the best traditions and practices formed by the previous long-term activities of domestic technical schools and colleges.