bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Extracting doubly excited state lifetimes in helium directly in the time domain with attosecond noncollinear four-wave-mixing spectroscopy
Authors: Rupprecht Patrick , Puskar Nicolette G. , Neumark Daniel M. , Leone Stephen R.
Published: November 2024

The helium atom, with one nucleus and two electrons, is a prototypical system to study quantum many-body dynamics. Doubly excited states, or quantum states in which both electrons are excited by one photon, showcase electronic-correlation mediated effects. In this paper, the natural lifetimes of the doubly excited 1Po2snp Rydberg series and the 1Se2p2 dark state in helium in the 60–65 eV region are measured directly in the time domain with extreme-ultraviolet/near-infrared noncollinear attosecond four-wave-mixing (FWM) spectroscopy. The measured lifetimes agree with lifetimes deduced from spectral linewidths and theoretical predictions, and the roles of specific decay mechanisms are considered. While complex spectral line shapes in the form of Fano resonances are common in absorption spectroscopy of autoionizing states, the background-free and thus homodyned character of noncollinear FWM results exclusively in Lorentzian spectral features in the absence of strong-field effects. The onset of strong-field effects that would affect the extraction of accurate natural lifetimes in helium by FWM is determined to be approximately 0.3 Rabi cycles. This study provides a systematic understanding of the FWM parameters necessary to enable accurate lifetime extractions, which can be utilized in more complex quantum systems in the future.

Published by the American Physical Society
2024
Nuclear norm regularized loop optimization for tensor network
Authors: Homma Kenji , Okubo Tsuyoshi , Kawashima Naoki
Published: November 2024

We propose a loop optimization algorithm based on nuclear norm regularization for the tensor network. The key ingredient of this scheme is to introduce a rank penalty term proposed in the context of data processing. Compared to the standard variational periodic matrix product states method, this algorithm can circumvent the local minima related to short-ranged correlation in a simpler fashion. We demonstrate its performance when used as a part of the tensor network renormalization algorithms [S. Yang, Z.-C. Gu, and X.-G. Wen, ] for the critical two-dimensional Ising model. The scale invariance of the renormalized tensors is attained with higher accuracy while the higher parts of the scaling dimension spectrum are obtained in a more stable fashion.

Published by the American Physical Society
2024
Periodic systems have new classes of synchronization stability
Authors: Jafari Sajad , Bayani Atiyeh , Parastesh Fatemeh , Rajagopal Karthikeyan , del Genio Charo I. , Minati Ludovico , Boccaletti Stefano
Published: November 2024

The master stability function is a robust and useful tool for determining the conditions of synchronization stability in a network of coupled systems. While a comprehensive classification exists in the case in which the nodes are chaotic dynamical systems, its application to periodic systems has been less explored. By studying several well-known periodic systems, we establish a comprehensive framework to understand and classify their properties of synchronizability. This allows us to define five distinct classes of synchronization stability, including some that are unique to periodic systems. Specifically, in periodic systems, the master stability function vanishes at the origin, and it can therefore display behavioral classes that are not achievable in chaotic systems, where it starts, instead, at a strictly positive value. Moreover, our results challenge the widely held belief that periodic systems are easily put in a stable synchronous state, showing, instead, the common occurrence of a lower threshold for synchronization stability.

Published by the American Physical Society
2024
Absolute frequency measurements on the
5s5p3P0 → 5s6d3D1
transition in strontium
Authors: Zhang S. , Tiwari B. S. , Ganesh S. , Singh Y. , Flambaum V. V.
Published: November 2024

We report the first absolute frequency measurements for the 5s5p3P0→5s6d3D1 transition at 394 nm for all the stable strontium isotopes by utilizing repumping induced spectroscopy in a magneto-optical trap. Absolute transition frequency is measured to be 760524409251(25) kHz for Sr88. With reference to Sr88, the isotope shifts are measured to be 91052(35), 54600(33), and 51641(28) kHz for Sr84, Sr86, and Sr87, respectively. We calculate the hyperfine constants A and B for the fermionic isotope Sr87 at kHz level. Furthermore, we perform King plot analysis by combining isotope shifts on the 689-nm transition to our data.

Published by the American Physical Society
2024
Evidence of the Quantum Optical Nature of High-Harmonic Generation
Authors: Theidel David , Cotte Viviane , Sondenheimer René , Shiriaeva Viktoriia , Froidevaux Marie , Severin Vladislav , Merdji-Larue Adam , Mosel Philip , Fröhlich Sven , Weber Kim-Alessandro , Morgner Uwe , Kovacev Milutin , Biegert Jens , Merdji Hamed
Published: November 2024

High-harmonic generation is a light up-conversion process occurring in a strong laser field, leading to coherent bursts of extreme ultrashort broadband radiation [Lewenstein , Phys. Rev. A , 2117 (1994)]. As a new perspective, we propose that ultrafast strong-field electronic or photonic processes such as high-harmonic generation can potentially generate nonclassical states of light well before the decoherence of the system occurs [Gorlach , Nat. Commun. , 4598 (2020); Stammer ., Phys. Rev. Lett. , 123603 (2022)]. This could address fundamental challenges in quantum technology such as scalability, decoherence, or the generation of massively entangled states [Lewenstein , Luca Argenti Michael Chini, 27 (2024)]. Here, we report experimental evidence of the nonclassical nature of the harmonic emission in several semiconductors excited by a femtosecond infrared laser. By investigating single- and double-beam intensity cross-correlation [Loudon, Rep. Prog. Phys. , 913 (1980)], we measure characteristic nonclassical features in the single-photon statistics. We observe two-mode squeezing in the generated harmonic radiation, which depends on the laser intensity that governs the transition from super-Poissonian to Poissonian photon statistics. The measured violation of the Cauchy-Schwarz inequality realizes a direct test of multipartite entanglement in high-harmonic generation [Wasak, Phys. Rev. A , 033616 (2014)]. This result is supported by the theory of multimodal detection and the Hamiltonian from which the effective squeezing modes of the harmonics can be derived [Gonoskov , Phys. Rev. B , 125110 (2024); Christ New J. Phys. , 033027 (2011)]. With this work, we show experimentally that high-harmonic generation is a new quantum bosonic platform that intrinsically produces nonclassical states of light with unique features such as multipartite broadband entanglement or multimode squeezing. The source operates at room temperature, using standard semiconductors and a standard commercial fiber laser, opening up new routes for the quantum industry, such as optical quantum computing, communication, and imaging.

Published by the American Physical Society
2024
Understanding beneficiary evaluative capacity within nonprofit organisations through an immanent perspective
Authors: Kingston Kylie L , Luke Belinda , Vinnari Eija
Published: November 2024

Purpose

The purpose of this research was to seek a more refined understanding of the ways beneficiaries are evaluating nonprofit organisations (NPO), from the beneficiaries’ perspectives. Understanding evaluation from beneficiaries’ perspectives is not only important theoretically, but also for enabling evaluation processes to authentically contribute toward enhanced downward accountability.

Design/methodology/approach

Theorisation of immanent evaluation (Deleuze, 1998), the ontological view that there is no form imposed from outside or above but instead an articulation from within, was drawn upon to direct attention toward understanding beneficiaries’ inherent productive evaluative capacity and agency. This theorisation enabled a different way of observing and understanding beneficiary evaluation within a qualitative case study conducted in an Australian NPO. Data was sourced from interviews, observations and document analysis.

Findings

Findings suggest beneficiaries largely viewed the NPO’s evaluation processes to be unsatisfactory toward meeting their needs in relation to meaningful engagement. However, beneficiaries’ evaluative capacity was noted to include their own evaluation criteria and evaluative expressions indicating the production of an evaluative account. Here beneficiaries’ evaluative expressions are representations of events of evaluation, initiated by them. Findings enable a more refined understanding of beneficiaries’ engagement in evaluation, moving beyond traditional considerations of participative evaluation, and illustrating beneficiaries’ agency and active role in the production of evaluation.

Originality/value

This research furthers understandings of downward accountability and participative evaluation by detailing how beneficiaries’ evaluative capacity is part of an NPO’s evaluative environment, and as such, conceives of an immanent theory of beneficiary evaluation. Findings highlight how evaluation, as a mechanism of downward accountability, functions from beneficiaries’ perspectives and the type of organisational environment capable of enabling and better supporting beneficiary engagement.
Aerodynamic optimisation of flat-upper-surface wing
Authors: Stalewski Wienczyslaw , Bugała Pamela , Galinski Cezary
Published: November 2024

Purpose

The paper aims to optimise several concepts of the flat-upper-surface wing that could install the largest possible number of photovoltaic cells and test them in flight. A wing ideal flat upper surface was necessary to provide the same lighting conditions for each tested cell.

Design/methodology/approach

The optimised wings were built based on a developed family of airfoils having 75% of their upper surface flat. Within the developed parametric model of the wings, the design parameters described the spanwise distribution of base airfoils. Maximisation of the endurance factor was assumed as the main objective. The aerodynamic properties of optimised wings were evaluated using a panel method coupled with boundary layer analysis.

Findings

The paper proves that it is possible to design wings with 75% of their upper surface perfectly flat, which are also characterised by good aerodynamic properties.

Practical implications

The research conducted will allow designing an experimental unmanned aerial vehicle dedicated to investigating the properties of electrical propulsion systems at various altitudes. Data obtained in these investigations will help in the development of future generations of electric-propulsion aircraft.

Originality/value

The innovative wings, developed within the research are unique due to their unusual geometric and aerodynamic properties. They have 75% of their upper surface perfectly flat. That makes them ideal for testing various photovoltaic cells in flight. The biggest challenge was to design the wings so that their specific geometric features did not impair their aerodynamic properties. The paper proves that this challenge has been fully overcome.
Challenges of workforce diversity uptake in the construction industry: a mixed review approach
Authors: Owusu-Boadi Juliet , Kissi Ernest , Abu Ivy Maame , Owusu Cecilia Dapaah , Baiden Bernard K. , Eluerkeh Kenneth , Opoku Ware Stephen Nana
Published: November 2024

Purpose

Workforce diversity is essential for success from the perspectives of economic development and intellectual property. However, the construction industry is losing out on these gains due to the low diversity among them. The study aims to identify challenges impeding workforce diversity in construction literature through a mixed review approach.

Design/methodology/approach

The study desk reviewed 188 relevant construction peer-reviewed articles and conference papers with no restrictions on the time range. The study adopted the mixed methodology review approach through bibliometric and systematic content analyses.

Findings

The study identified 67 challenges and further classified them into 4 broad categories. These were industry-related, organisational-, personal or attitudinal- and health-related challenges. Organisational challenges were the most prevalent challenges of diversity uptake in the construction industry. The publications' most influential sources, countries/regions and annual trends were also discussed.

Practical implications

Classifying the challenges hindering diversity contributes to the existing knowledge base. The framework's interrelationships among categorised barriers will enable construction professionals to make informed decisions in promoting diversity in the industry.

Originality/value

This study has a broad geographical reach, allowing the findings to be widely applicable to the diverse practice of the worldwide construction sector.
Whistleblowing intensity and distributor compliance in marketing channel networks
Authors: Jiang Sihan , Shen Lu , Zhang Chuang , Zhang Xubing
Published: November 2024

Purpose

This paper aims to examine how channel whistleblowing intensity affects a distributor’s compliance to the manufacturer’s request and how that impact is influenced by institutional environments.

Design/methodology/approach

Based on paired survey data, which was collected from an automobile manufacturer in China and its 211 distributors, combined with secondary data, this study used hierarchical regression analyses to test the hypotheses.

Findings

The study finds that channel whistleblowing intensity has an inverted U-shaped effect on distributor compliance. In addition, this curvilinear effect is stronger in regions with more effective legal systems and higher social trust, but the authors do not find perceived vertical control moderating the effect of whistleblowing intensity on distributor compliance.

Research limitations/implications

First, this study enriches the marketing literature by highlighting the significance of whistleblowing and especially its downside in marketing channel management. Second, moving beyond prior marketing studies’ focus on bilateral controls, it recognizes channel whistleblowing as a peer-enforced control mechanism. Third, it identifies environmental factors as shift parameters that alter the impact of channel whistleblowing, attesting to the importance of “discriminating alignment.”

Practical implications

The findings caution channel managers against the double-edged effects of whistleblowing and inform the conditions that amplify this impact.

Originality/value

This work highlights the bright and dark sides of channel whistleblowing and uncovers situations in which it works or fails to promote distributor compliance.
Examining the impact of intellectual capital on underwriting risk of insurance companies in Pakistan: static and dynamic panel regression
Authors: Ahmad Riaz , Abbas Qaiser
Published: November 2024

Purpose

This study aims to examine the impact of intellectual capital on the underwriting risk of insurance companies in Pakistan.

Design/methodology/approach

The study used a quantitative research approach and a longitudinal research design, gathering data from 23 insurance companies listed on the Pakistan stock exchange from 2010 to 2022. The value-added intellectual coefficient (VAIC) was used to measure intellectual capital (IC), and unbalanced panel data were analyzed using static and dynamic regression analyses.

Findings

The findings demonstrate a significant association between intellectual capital and underwriting risk in insurance companies in Pakistan. Specific components of intellectual capital, such as human capital efficiency (HCE), structural capital efficiency (SCE) and capital employed efficiency (CEE), have a strong negative impact on underwriting risk. Control variables like return on assets, insurer size and leverage also showed significant relationships with underwriting risk.

Originality/value

This research provides new insights into the theoretical understanding of the insurance industry by establishing a direct link between intellectual capital and underwriting risk in the context of Pakistan. It suggests that by improving aspects of intellectual capital, specifically HCE, SCE and CEE, policymakers and managers can reduce underwriting risk.
Preschool class pupils’ enhanced subitizing abilities by learning study interventions
Authors: Wästerlid Catarina , Holmqvist Mona , Tutunjian Damon
Published: November 2024

Purpose

This study explores variation theory-based interventions’ contribution to enhancing preschoolers’ subitizing abilities during iterative lessons. Results are presented according to low, middle and high achievers, focused on those with prominent challenges.

Design/methodology/approach

In total 68 Swedish preschoolers participated. They were randomly assigned to one of the intervention/control groups: 23 mixed design, 24 variation theory design and 21 controls. Data from 59 pupils were analyzed. A learning study with three lesson designs for each intervention group was used in autumn 2022 and spring 2023, respectively. The mixed design met ordinary textbook material and variation theory (VT) group instructions designed by VT during autumn, whereas all met instructions designed by VT in spring. Each group was divided into two subgroups. The controls followed business-as-usual math teaching. Two tests assessed pupils’ results before and after the interventions.

Findings

All groups showed significant improvements between pre- and post-tests. Pupils in the mixed and VT groups developed more knowledge than the controls. The low-achieving group developed the most. The VT group exhibited a more complex pattern of variation and a greater increase than the mixed group. The intervention groups showed a greater improvement in both tests’ results than the controls.

Originality/value

There is agreement on the importance of subitizing abilities as a predictor of future mathematical development; however, lesson design and research on pupils’ development regarding lessons offered are limited.
Diagnosing leadership – construction and validation of the leadership impact inventory
Authors: Lappalainen Pia , Saunila Minna , Ukko Juhani , Rantanen Hannu Juhani , Rantala Tero
Published: November 2024

Purpose

The purpose is to examine the connection between leadership and its proximal and distal outcomes on employee, team and organization-level outcomes. As a more practical endeavor, a leadership measurement is constructed and validated.

Design/methodology/approach

The study takes a quantitative approach, statistically analyzing 301 online survey responses to a survey of leader attributes and their organizational impacts.

Findings

This study shows that the impact of leadership is associated more with actionable behaviors than personality traits. More specifically, leader success leans on leader dependability, management mode, emotive skills and coaching style, which relate to organizational outcomes. Additionally, preventative conflict management belongs to immediate supervisory foci, whereas already escalated conflicts ought to be outsourced to e.g. HR. Further, the findings verify that management is even more about communication than previously understood. Interestingly, employee satisfaction does not predict willingness to stay and is therefore irrelevant as a predictor of employee retention. This verifies the role of satisfaction as a proximal outcome and a post-goal state. Finally, the role of psychological safety is incoherent and equivocal in relation to organizational outcomes.

Practical implications

As a practical ramification, we devise an instrument, the Leadership Impact Inventory, for (1) diagnosing the quality and effect of organizational leadership in an easy-to-adopt, cost-effective and quick manner and (2) analyzing the influence of various leadership dimensions on satisfaction and goals on individual, team and organizational levels.

Originality/value

This study expands the earlier body of research on leader influence to factors promoting not only proximal outcomes that are typically post-goal states but also distal outcomes. Further, it examines outcomes on all organizational levels, as an extension to prior studies which are typically limited to the entire organization. Finally, the study does not explore leadership as a force or process separate from culture but rather appreciates their synergy through the inclusion of cultural features. This is achieved by monitoring leader success with such subjective aspects describing employee experience and organizational culture that are associated with follower performance.
Framework for adoption of generative AI for information search of retail products and services
Authors: Gupta Astha Sanjeev , Mukherjee Jaydeep
Published: November 2024

Purpose

Generative artificial intelligence (GAI) can disrupt how consumers search for information on retail products/services online by reducing information overload. However, the risk associated with GAI is high, and its widespread adoption for product/service information search purposes is uncertain. This study examined psychological drivers that impact consumer adoption of GAI platforms for retail information search.

Design/methodology/approach

We conducted 31 in-depth, semi-structured interviews with the lead GAI users regarding product/service information search. The data were analysed using a grounded theory paradigm and thematic analysis.

Findings

Results show that consumers experience uncertainty about GAI’s functioning. Their trust in GAI impacts the adoption and usage of this technology for information search. GAI provides unique settings to investigate potential additional factors, leveraging UTAUT as a theoretical basis. This study identified three overarching themes – technology characteristics, technology readiness and information characteristics – as possible drivers of adoption.

Originality/value

Consumers seek exhaustive and reliable information for purchase decisions. Due to the abundance of online information, they experience information overload. GAI platforms reduce information overload by providing synthesized and customized product/service search results. However, its reliability, trustworthiness and accuracy have been questioned. The functioning of GAI is opaque; the popular technology adoption model such as UTAUT is general and is unlikely to explain in totality the adoption and usage of GAI. Hence, this research provides the adoption drivers for this unique technology context. It identifies the determinants/antecedents of relevant UTAUT variables and develops an integrated conceptual model explaining GAI adoption for retail information search.
Design of soft end-effector with variable structure for gripping of fragile parts in small-sized shafts and holes
Authors: Guan Shengqi , Ma Tengfei , Hao Zhenhu , Wang Shibo
Published: November 2024

Purpose

When handling small-sized shafts and holes, achieving optimal safety, size compatibility and shape adaptability using rigid grippers presents significant problems. Recent advancements have introduced soft end-effectors that offer enhanced safety and adaptability for gripping parts. However, these soft end-effectors often struggle to maintain the necessary gripping positional accuracy. The purpose of this paper is to design a soft end-effector specifically engineered to address these problems, combining precise gripping capabilities with improved safety, positional accuracy and adaptability to the size and shape of fragile, small-sized components.

Design/methodology/approach

A soft finger with multilayer decreasing drive air chambers is designed to achieve the finger bending increasing from the root to the tip of the finger to improve the flexibility of the fingertip. Additionally, a three-finger self-centering configuration is employed, coupled with an expandable structure to increase the gripping range. Furthermore, a theoretical mathematical model of the finger is established. The physical prototype is manufactured and subjected to experimental testing, including gripping tests on small-sized, fragile shaft holes, to validate its operational performance.

Findings

The grasping experiments confirm that the designed end-effector can maintain coaxial positioning and meet adaptability requirements when handling fragile components with small-sized shaft holes. Furthermore, the addition of expanding palm structure increases the gripping attitude and enriches the application scene and gripping space.

Originality/value

The design of multilayer decreasing air chamber structure to solve the problem of poor gripping stability and low positional accuracy of soft manipulator; the expandable palm design is introduced to enhance gripping space; and solved the problem of gripping accuracy in the assembly of fragile parts with small-size shafts and holes.
Assimilating IFRS into Yemen’s accounting curriculum: a diffusion of innovations approach to understanding adoption challenges
Authors: Al-Bukhrani Mohammed A. , Alhawaly Khaled Hussain Saleh
Published: November 2024

Purpose

This study examines the factors influencing the integration of international financial reporting standards (IFRS) into accounting curricula in Yemen, a developing economy in a post-conflict setting. It applies Rogers’ diffusion of innovation theory to understand adoption challenges.

Design/methodology/approach

A cross-sectional survey collected data from 133 accounting faculty members across Yemeni universities. Partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) was used to test a multilevel model incorporating faculty characteristics, institutional factors and practical barriers as predictors of perceived IFRS coverage.

Findings

The results demonstrate that faculty characteristics positively affect perceived IFRS coverage, while practical barriers negatively impact both institutional factors and perceived coverage. Contrary to expectations, institutional factors did not significantly influence perceived IFRS coverage. A multigroup analysis revealed differences between professional certificate holders and non-certificate holders in their perceptions of IFRS adoption factors.

Practical implications

The findings highlight the need for a comprehensive approach to IFRS integration in accounting education. Policymakers and universities should focus on faculty development initiatives, address practical obstacles and create a supportive institutional environment to enable successful IFRS assimilation. The study also suggests a potential role for audit firms and regulatory bodies in supporting IFRS integration.

Originality/value

This study provides a contextualized application of the diffusion of innovation theory to understand IFRS integration dynamics in a post-conflict developing economy. It offers valuable insights into the complex interplay of individual, institutional and contextual factors shaping IFRS adoption in accounting curricula, particularly in challenging environments.
The impact of remittances on economic growth: an empirical investigation of 11 CEE countries during the COVID-19 pandemic and the Ukrainian crisis
Authors: Jusaj Yvesa Vesel , Zogaj Valmir Imer , Abazi-Alili Hyrije
Published: November 2024

Purpose

This study aims to explore the impact of remittances on economic growth in Central and Eastern European (CEE) countries from 2010 to 2022. It particularly emphasizes the effects observed before and during the COVID-19 pandemic and the Ukraine crisis within this timeframe, as these events have significantly influenced the dynamics of migration and remittances in the region.

Design/methodology/approach

This study applies different econometric techniques such as ordinary least squares, fixed-effects model, random-effects model and generalized method of moments-dynamic panel data.

Findings

Based on the results generated, the effects of personal remittances, exports, foreign direct investments, gross capital formation, final consumption expenditure and exchange rates are very important elements for stimulating the economic growth of CEE countries.

Research limitations/implications

The quality and coverage of statistics in many nations continue to be a concern when examining the impact of remittances on economies. Therefore, how best to quantify the effect of remittances to developing nations is still a matter of debate.

Practical implications

Remittances should be considered as an opportunity by policymakers when devising appropriate regulations. CEE countries must enact well-considered policies that consider the local and international environment.

Originality/value

This study stands out for its originality, offering fresh perspectives and advanced methodology that contribute significantly to the existing body of knowledge in the field. By addressing the impact of remittances on economic growth in CEE countries, the authors not only provide unique insights but also pave the way for further exploration and advancement in this area of research.
Comparing the distinctive influences of physical and social servicescapes on brand love for internet‐famous restaurants
Authors: Li Shuhao , Zhang Yuhang , Chen Mimi
Published: November 2024

Purpose

This study aims to investigate the different effects of physical and social servicescapes on brand love for internet-famous restaurants, focusing on their pathways and strengths of influence.

Design/methodology/approach

Structural equation modeling was applied to analyze data from 387 online questionnaires in China.

Findings

Results indicate that social servicescape directly influences brand love for internet-famous restaurants, while physical servicescape does not. The effect of physical servicescape on brand love for internet-famous restaurants is mediated by perceived coolness and perceived enjoyment, whereas social servicescape’s influence is mediated solely by perceived enjoyment. Overall, physical servicescape has a stronger impact on brand love for internet-famous restaurants compared to social servicescape.

Practical implications

The findings help internet-famous restaurants create effective physical and social servicescapes to enhance brand love, underscoring that physical servicescape is more crucial than social servicescape for cultivating this love.

Originality/value

This study contributes to the literature by analyzing the heterogeneous pathways and strengths of physical and social servicescapes influencing brand love for internet-famous restaurants, while highlighting the mediating role of perceived coolness and expanding the application scope of cognitive appraisal theory.
Warm for fun, cool for work: the effect of color temperature on users’ attitudes and behaviors toward hedonic vs. utilitarian mobile apps
Authors: Volkova Arina , Cho Hyejeung
Published: November 2024

Purpose

In the competitive app store environment, understanding how various app store elements influence user preferences is crucial. While prior research has primarily focused on textual and numeric elements of app stores, the role of visual elements remains underexplored. This study addresses this gap by investigating how color temperature (warm vs. cool) in app screenshots can influence users’ intentions to download hedonic vs. utilitarian mobile apps.

Design/methodology/approach

Multiple online experiments were conducted, including two main experiments (N = 192) and two supplementary experiments (N = 157). The experiments manipulated the color temperature of screenshots for hedonic (e.g. gaming) and utilitarian (e.g. banking) apps and measured participants’ perceptions of color appropriateness, attitudinal responses, and download intentions.

Findings

Warm colors were perceived as more appropriate for hedonic apps, while cool colors were perceived as more suitable for utilitarian apps. The congruence between color temperature and app value orientation significantly influenced users’ ad attitudes and app download intentions. Specifically, hedonic apps in warm colors and utilitarian apps in cool colors received more favorable responses, with perceived color appropriateness mediating this effect.

Originality/value

This research enhances the understanding of the impact of color on app users’ perceptions and behaviors and also offers valuable insights for app developers and marketers on effectively using color as a visual marketing tool in app store environments.
The future of tourism: interview with Nicole Ferdinand about Notting Hill Carnival Futures
Authors: Postma Albert , Ferdinand Nicole
Published: November 2024

Purpose

As the Journal of Tourism Futures celebrates its 10th anniversary, Dr. Albert Postma interviews Dr. Nicole Ferdinand (Oxford Brookes University Business School).

Design/methodology/approach

A personal interview.

Findings

The interview provides insights about the application of scenario planning for a mega event such as Notting Hill Carnival, how the process of scenario planning was experienced by the participants and the effect the study had on the Carnival, and how it was perceived in subsequent years.

Originality/value

Ferdinand shares her experiences with and learnings of the Notting Hill Carnival Futures project, conducted in 2013–2014 as first international project by the European Tourism Futures Institute.
Nitrogen deposition and heathland management cause multi‐element stoichiometric mismatches, reducing insect fitness
Authors: Vogels J. J. , Verberk W. C. E. P. , Kuper J. T. , Weijters M. J. , Verbaarschot E. , Lamers L. P. M. , Siepel H.
Published: November 2024

Increased nitrogen and acidifying deposition negatively affect biogeochemical cycles and nutrient stoichiometry, particularly in oligotrophic habitats. In heathlands, management aims to mitigate effects of deposition by topsoil removal (sod‐cutting) or by liming to increase soil pH. However, these management efforts may further exacerbate macro‐ and micronutrient stoichiometric mismatch, with cascading effects on heathland insects.

Here, we investigate the physiological mechanisms by which deposition and management affect insects, focusing on nutrient uptake and excretion. We combined a phosphorus (P) addition and liming experiment in previously sod‐cut heathland with laboratory‐rearing experiments using the field cricket (Gryllus campestris L., 1) as a model species. We hypothesized that P addition would benefit cricket performance by reducing food N:P ratio. Conversely, we hypothesized that liming would reduce performance by decreasing food Mn:Mg and/or Fe:Mg ratios.

Elemental uptake efficiency, consumption and reproduction, as well as cricket field density, were significantly higher under increased P availability, confirming insect P limitation in the field. Liming decreased food Mn:Mg ratio and reduced reproductive success, eliminating any beneficial effects of P addition. Moreover, cricket stoichiometry better explained growth rates than the amount of food consumed. The best model highlighted cricket N and Mn content, with increasing N content negatively influencing growth, while the opposite was true for Mn. We found no support for liming‐induced Fe limitation.

We propose that both P and Mn limit crickets independently. Specifically, P limitation affects growth via reduced ribosomal content, and Mn limitation impacts growth by limiting arginase activity and hence restricting the recycling of amino acids.

Our study shows that restoration management can fail to restore habitat quality for insects and may even amplify mismatches in macro and micronutrient stoichiometry. To address this, the addition of not only P but also Mn may be required as follow‐up management, but reducing N‐emission remains imperative as this removes the need for disruptive management interventions.

Read the free Plain Language Summary for this article on the Journal blog.
Ecosystem transition due to deer overabundance: Insights from long‐term studies and future considerations
Authors: Suzuki Maki
Published: November 2024

The overabundance of certain deer species is emerging as a critical issue in many forested regions across the Northern Hemisphere, including those in Japan. In the field of deer impact studies, the prevailing notion has been that overabundant deer populations could cause drastic changes of ecosystem states. This study comprises a review of the historical discussion surrounding ecosystem changes caused by deer overabundance, from theoretical frameworks to in situ observations and experiments. The synthesis highlights the potential for state transitions, shifting ecosystems from forest to nonforest states, and in some scenarios to a so‐called alternative stable states. However, detecting these transitions poses challenges due to the enduring impacts of past deer activity and the nonequilibrium nature of forest dynamics. Furthermore, this study reveals additional multifield complexities arising from the interactive effects of deer overabundance and global changes on future forest dynamics. To address these challenges, new avenues for research are proposed, emphasizing the importance of sustained efforts in conducting valuable long‐term studies.
A time‐varying and frequency‐dependent network of conventional and organic milk markets in France and Germany
Authors: Fousekis Panos
Published: November 2024

This work investigates the linkages among conventional and organic milk markets in France and Germany using the flexible TVP‐VAR connectedness approach. Price connectedness tends to be stronger in the spatial than in the quality dimension of the market network. The bulk of the adjustments to incoming price innovations are completed beyond the 3‐month frequency range. Organic milk markets are more likely to be net‐transmitters of shocks to conventional markets. Total connectedness has not been increasing. The strength of price spillovers between market pairs varies widely with time; their pattern does not, thus pointing to a fairly stable internal network structure.
Protocol for scoping review: Mapping the landscape of acute pain management in sports‐related musculoskeletal injuries
Authors: Abdul Khalek Ibrahim Mohammed , Mert Zeynep N. , Møller Ann Merete
Published: November 2024

Background

Acute pain management is critical in sports‐related musculoskeletal injuries to facilitate recovery and minimize long‐term impact. While current practices vary, incorporating both pharmacological and non‐pharmacological approaches, the quality and breadth of existing evidence have not been thoroughly assessed. This scoping review aims to explore the clinical role of different pain management strategies and provide a comprehensive overview of the field.

Methods

The review will follow the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) methodology for scoping reviews and adhere to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analysis for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA‐ScR) guidelines. Searches will be conducted in major peer‐reviewed databases and relevant gray literature. Studies involving athletes of any level undergoing treatment for acute musculoskeletal injuries will be considered. Data extraction will include study and participant characteristics, intervention details, reported outcomes, efficacy comparisons, and economic analyses.

Results

This review will provide a descriptive synthesis of the data, utilizing statistical analysis, figures, and tables where relevant to introduce the different treatment modalities. In line with PRISMA‐P and PRISMA‐ScR guidelines, this scoping review incorporates studies of diverse designs. The data synthesis involves descriptive statistics and narrative presentations, aimed at exploring the relationship between study results and research objectives.

Conclusion

This scoping review will evaluate various pain management interventions for acute musculoskeletal injuries in sports, mapping the current evidence and identifying gaps in research. The findings will help inform clinical practices and guide future research efforts to optimize pain management strategies in sports medicine.
Embryonic and Pre‐Larval Developmental Patterns in Cryptocentroides arabicus (Teleostei, Gobiidae)
Authors: Sadeghi Yeganeh , Motamedi Mina , Shoaleh Vahid , Esmaeili Hamid Reza
Published: November 2024

The Arabian goby, Cryptocentroides arabicus (Gobiidae: Gobiinae), is a significant species in marine and brackish water ecosystems. However, limited information is available about the reproductive biology and the early life history of this species. This study aimed to understand the embryonic and pre‐larval development of C. arabicus under controlled laboratory conditions using light microscopy. Ten fish pairs were placed in five 70‐L glass aquaria, and environmental parameters were carefully monitored. After 4 months, spawning began, with each event yielding between 700 and 1500 eggs, totaling 10 spawning events. The elliptical‐shaped eggs, measuring 3.9 ± 0.1 mm in length and 1.6 mm in maximum width, hatched after 7 days and 4 h at a water temperature of 28°C. This process resulted in the identification of eight distinct larval developmental stages. Parental care by both the male and female was observed during the incubation period. Documenting the morphological changes during incubation contributes to a better understanding of the reproductive behaviour and early life history of C. arabicus. This is essential for the conservation management of marine and brackish water environments.
A Prospective Study on the Prevalence of MASLD in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes and Hyperferritinaemia
Authors: Amangurbanova Maral , Huang Daniel Q. , Noureddin Nabil , Tesfai Kaleb , Bettencourt Richelle , Siddiqi Harris , Lopez Scarlett J. , Cervantes Vanessa , Madamba Egbert , Loomba Rohit
Published: November 2024

Background

Elevated levels of serum ferritin, a marker of hepatic iron overload and inflammation, may be associated with metabolic dysfunction‐associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) and hepatic fibrosis.

Aim

To determine the prevalence of MASLD and significant hepatic fibrosis among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and hyperferritinaemia.

Methods

This is a cross‐sectional analysis of a prospective cohort of 523 adults (64% female) aged 50–80 with T2DM and without a diagnosis of haemochromatosis. MASLD and significant fibrosis were defined as magnetic resonance imaging‐proton density fat fraction (MRI‐PDFF) ≥ 5% and magnetic resonance elastography (MRE) ≥ 3.0 kPa, respectively. Hyperferritinaemia was defined as serum ferritin ≥ 200 ng/mL in females or ≥ 300 ng/mL in males. The primary objective was to determine the prevalence of MASLD and significant fibrosis in hyperferritinaemia.

Results

The mean age and body mass index were 64.1 (±8.1) years and 31.5 (±5.9) kg/m2, respectively. The overall prevalence of hyperferritinaemia was 20.5% (n = 107). The prevalence of MASLD (78.5% vs. 62.1%, p = 0.001) and significant fibrosis (35.5% vs. 22.1%, p = 0.002) were higher in participants with hyperferritinaemia than those without. Hyperferritinaemia remained an independent predictor of MASLD (OR 2.01; 95% CI 1.19–3.39; p = 0.009) and significant fibrosis (OR 2.33; CI 1.43–3.77; p = 0.001), even after adjustment for age, sex, obesity and insulin use.

Conclusion

Approximately 80% of people with hyperferritinaemia and T2DM have MASLD, and more than a third have significant hepatic fibrosis. Hyperferritinaemia may be a useful biomarker for MASLD and significant fibrosis in people with T2DM.
Negative media representations of young people during COVID related national lockdown increases young people's perceived stress
Authors: Bradshaw Daragh , Barry Kate , Griffin Siobhan , Jay Sarah , McHugh Cillian
Published: November 2024

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus is a destructive respiratory disease that has affected the lives of billions of people around the world. Researchers argue that a group‐based approach drawing on our membership of specific social groups, rather than appealing to our individual self‐interest, is necessary to combat the disease. Social groups who are perceived to be not adhering to national mitigation measures aimed at reducing the spread of the virus, are often portrayed negatively by the media. The current study examines the impact of negative media constructions of young peoples’ behavior during the COVID‐19 pandemic, specifically focusing on when these constructions have been contested by young people involved. A total of 789 young people were randomly assigned to read either a positive or negative description of young people's behavior during COVID‐19 restrictions. Results indicate that the type of article had no impact on behavioral outcomes or perceived stress. However, an interaction effect was noted where reading a negative article and disagreeing with the content increased individuals’ levels of perceived stress. Findings indicate that negative group‐based media constructions of behavior do not increase behavioral conformity but does undermine the mental health of those involved.
Service Providers' Perceptions of Psychological, Emotional, and Behavioral Issues Among Children and Adolescents During COVID‐19 in South Korea
Authors: Sohn Sunju , Jeong Jihyeong , Park Hyunyong
Published: November 2024

Various emotional and psychological support services for children and adolescents were implemented in South Korea during the COVID‐19 era. However, little is known about the limitations and future directions of current support services from the perspective of service providers. The purpose of this study was to explore service providers' perspectives on emotional and psychological support services for children and adolescents. The present study purposively recruited 11 clinical practitioners providing support services for children and adolescents to conduct semistructured focus group interviews. Thematic analysis identified four major themes: (a) a noticeable increase in problematic behaviors among children and adolescents (e.g., intrinsic and extrinsic problem behaviors); (b) changes in service use patterns (e.g., increased non‐face‐to‐face services); (c) frustrations with inadequate support systems (e.g., the absence of qualified professionals); and (d) identifying future directions (e.g., improving awareness of support services). The findings highlight the necessity of enhancing awareness of how to access services by reducing stigma. The findings also emphasize the need for improved cooperation between public and private facilities, as well as a greater number of skilled professionals to provide high‐quality programs. The practical and political implications are discussed based on the findings.