bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Informal Institutions as Inhibitors of Rent-Seeking Entrepreneurship: Evidence From U.S. Legal History
Authors: Smith Andrew , Brownlow Graham
Published: November 2022

Rent-seeking entrepreneurship occurs whenever an entrepreneur expends resources on activities that benefit their firm while reducing overall economic efficiency. Since rent-seeking ultimately makes nations poorer, we need to know more about how institutions can discourage rent-seeking entrepreneurship. Using historical data from the Unites States, we explore how changes in judicial thinking altered individuals’ incentives to engage in rent-seeking entrepreneurship. Traditionally, entrepreneurship researchers interested in policy issues have paid little attention to changes in judicial thinking. We argue that entrepreneurship researchers who are interested in why levels of entrepreneurial dynamism vary over time should pay more attention to how judges think.
Tales of the Unexpected: The Repair Work of an Entrepreneurial Resourcing Practice and the Role of Emotions
Authors: Kosmynin Mikhail , Ljunggren Elisabet Carine
Published: November 2022

While resourcing their ventures, entrepreneurs and stakeholders face and deal with unexpected situations, permeating the entrepreneurship process. Drawing on an entrepreneurship as practice approach, we explore how an entrepreneurial resourcing practice is collectively enacted, reconfigured, and repaired after a sudden practice collapse. Through a longitudinal case study of a social venture–public collaboration process, we reveal the collective repair work of a collapsing entrepreneurial resourcing practice and the role of emotions as a hidden element in the resourcing practice and the repair work enacted.
A Systematic Review of Measures of Child Neglect
Authors: Haworth Simon , Schaub Jason , Kidney Elaine , Montgomery Paul
Published: November 2022

Purpose: Child neglect is prevalent in children's social work and assessing neglect is complex because it is multifaceted and opaque. This systematic review identifies and evaluates evidence of tools or measures to better assess child neglect. Methods: Informed by Cochrane methodology and adapted to the needs of social work practice, a systematic search and review of measures of child neglect was undertaken. Ten databases were searched, augmented by grey literature, and contact with relevant experts. Results: Only two measures, the Child Neglect Index (CNI) and modifications of the Maltreatment Classification System (MCS), met the inclusion criteria. Neither tool was completely comprehensive for child neglect. Discussion: Our findings indicate (a) a dearth of suitable tools to measure neglect and (b) the need for robust testing of neglect measures in the social work setting. The current evidence based on measuring child neglect is too limited to effectively inform policy and practice.
A Contemporary Clinicopathologic Analysis of Primary Sarcomas of the Perinephric Soft Tissue and Hilar Vessels Including a Subset Secondarily Involving the Kidney
Authors: Scheiderer Ashley N. , Bahrami Armita , Master Viraj A. , Osunkoya Adeboye O.
Published: November 2022

A variety of primary malignant mesenchymal neoplasms can arise from the perinephric soft tissue and hilar vessels and potentially involve the kidney, mimicking primary renal tumors. A search was made at our institution for patients that underwent radical nephrectomy with associated perinephric or hilar sarcomas from 2010 to 2021. Twenty-six patients were identified. Mean patient age was 60 years (range: 34–83 years), with 16 (62%) females and 10 (38%) males. The mean tumor size was 21.6 cm (range: 8.1–36.5 cm). Among the perinephric/retroperitoneal sarcomas, 14/20 (70%) were dedifferentiated liposarcoma, 4/20 (20%) were well-differentiated liposarcoma, and 2/20 (10%) were leiomyosarcoma. There were 4 grade 1 (20%; all well-differentiated liposarcoma), 9 grade 2 (45%), and 7 grade 3 (35%) tumors. All 6 sarcomas arising from the renal vein/inferior vena cava were leiomyosarcoma: grade 2 in 1 (17%), grade 3 in 4 (67%), and ungraded (due to neoadjuvant therapy effect) in 1 (17%) patient. Four of the 26 (15%) tumors involved the ipsilateral kidney. All 4 tumors were grade 3 sarcomas. On follow-up, 8/26 (31%) patients developed local recurrence and/or metastasis. The mean time for recurrence was 22 months (range: 7–48 months). Two patients progressed with metastasis to the lungs, both of which were grade 3 leiomyosarcoma, and appeared 11 months after the initial diagnosis. Our data suggest that while local recurrence is prevalent with most subtypes of perinephric sarcomas, high-grade leiomyosarcoma has a distinct proclivity for distant metastasis, with the lungs being the most common site.
Development of a Brief Version of the Dissociative Symptoms Scale and the Reliability and Validity of DSS-B Scores in Diverse Clinical and Community Samples
Authors: Macia Kathryn S. , Carlson Eve B. , Palmieri Patrick A. , Smith Steven R. , Anglin Deidre M. , Ghosh Ippen Chandra , Lieberman Alicia F. , Wong Eunice C. , Schell Terry L. , Waelde Lynn C.
Published: November 2022

The Dissociative Symptoms Scale (DSS) was developed to assess moderately severe types of dissociation (depersonalization, derealization, gaps in awareness and memory, and dissociative reexperiencing) that would be relevant to a range of clinical populations, including those experiencing trauma-related dissociation. The current study used data from 10 ethnically and racially diverse clinical and community samples ( N = 3,879) to develop a brief version of the DSS (DSS-B). Item information curves were examined to identify items with the most precision in measuring above average levels of the latent trait within each subscale. Analyses revealed that the DSS-B preserved the factor structure and content domains of the full scale, and its scores had strong reliability and validity that were comparable to those of scores on the full measure. DSS-B scores showed high levels of measurement invariance across ethnoracial groups. Results indicate that DSS-B scores are reliable and valid in the populations studied.
Good News! New is Good: Novelty as a Key Feature of Advanced Academic Programs that Create Positive Learner Experiences
Authors: Jung Sol Bee , Shelton Amy Lynne
Published: November 2022

This study sought student voices to examine the key characteristics of an out-of-school learning experience, designed to provide enrichment to students with above grade level academic talent. Using open-ended questions on a program evaluation survey, the study gauged the perceptions of 205 students who partook in a university-based academic summer program in Greece. Data analysis took a content analysis approach, which identified the major themes of student perceptions regarding their program and in-course experiences. By triangulating these responses with student ratings of overall satisfaction, we found that the experience of novelty was a key factor that set apart highly satisfying program and course experiences from less satisfying experiences. Another key finding with implications for future program design was that students perceived and depicted such novelty in two distinct forms, namely, content novelty and pedagogical novelty.
Should antitrust regulators be wary of inter-firm coordination agreements through a tourism destination card?
Authors: Álvarez-Albelo Carmen D , Martínez-González José A
Published: November 2022

Inter-firm coordination agreements through a destination card (DC) are a widespread profit-increasing strategy in tourism destinations. Literature on tourism economics argues that this type of coordination increases social efficiency. However, industrial organization studies consider heterogeneous consumers and warn that a DC-type agreement can be welfare impairing. Conflicting views have become an issue for tourism destinations, as collusion is in the crosshairs of antitrust regulators. This paper aims to clarify these contradictory results by developing a duopoly model with heterogeneous tourists. A sensible demand structure is assumed which, unlike previous literature, includes loyal demand segments. A policy prescription is obtained, namely, a DC alliance is welfare enhancing if DC price is equal to or lower than the cost of joint consumption under no coordination. However, a greater total surplus in markets may be accompanied by a reduction in consumer welfare, which differs from the conventional view in tourism economics.
The contemporary status of rape shield laws in India
Authors: Kulshreshtha Nikunj
Published: November 2022

This article critically analyses the current status of rape shield laws in India. The article begins by assessing the effectiveness of these laws by examining the statutory provisions and judicial precedents in India using a doctrinal methodology. The article would then assess the status of rape shield laws and their jurisprudence in England and Wales, and Canada for a comparative assessment and to draw valuable lessons for the Indian jurisdiction. It would also help address growing concerns about the possible overreach of these laws on the defendant’s right to a fair trial. Finally, the article will conclude with possible solutions for effectively implementing these laws in India while balancing the interests of the accused and the complainants.
Beyond rhetoric: Emplotting the life course of criminal justice narratives
Authors: O’Connell Lauren , Healy Deirdre
Published: November 2022

Understanding key trends within the penal field has become a core preoccupation of criminologists in recent decades. However, critical analyses of the emplotment of narratives, or how narratives themselves are constructed and move through the criminal justice system, can be overlooked, a gap that this article aims to address. Drawing on a range of case studies across the criminological literature, the article aims to build on this work by interrogating four key features of policy and practice narratives that have important implications for how we conceptualise, understand and employ narratives to understand policy and practice developments, namely that such narratives are (a) operating at multiple levels of analysis, (b) shaped by diverse and sometimes agonistic voices, (c) informed by vertical and horizontal influences and (d) fluid and dynamic, and as such can vary temporally and situationally. These features and their implications for understanding criminal justice policy and practice developments are explored next, illustrating that policy and practice can flow both into and from narratives.
“The heart has its reasons”: Elizabeth II and the post-colonial response
Authors: Turner Stephen , Kissi Edward
Published: November 2022

Edward Shils’ and Michael Young’s “The Meaning of the Coronation,” took up crucial aspects of Shils’ thinking about differentiating types of social bonds, which led to his distinction between primordial, civil, and sacred bonds, and to his focus on center and periphery and the charisma of central institutions. The relation of these concepts to colonialism and post-colonialism is complex, but the reign and death of Elizabeth II illustrate them clearly. Colonial subjects responded to the same bonds, devised alternatives to them, and accepted the revisions represented by the Commonwealth after decolonization. But they also sought liberation from the colonized mind, and in doing so reconfirmed the centrality of the institutions they were attempting to liberate themselves from. Her death evoked dual reactions consistent with this problematic relation.
The Social Dynamics of Adolescent Co-offending
Authors: Ashton Sally-Ann , Bussu Anna
Published: November 2022

This paper explores the social dynamics of adolescent co-offending and decision-making processes among co-offenders; and to investigate co-offending roles in relation to the nature of a specific crime. The sample consisted of 15 young people who were purposively sampled from a group of 14- to 17-year-old males who had been identified as at risk of criminal group involvement and referred to a community-based programme. Using a social identity framework, a thematic analysis was undertaken to investigate how the participants viewed their role in co-offending as part of a criminal group. Participants identified their roles in criminal groups as instigators, followers and group members. Planned crimes were either targeted or capitalised as part of other delinquent activities. Impulsive offending was opportunistic, impetuous or reactive. Furthermore, a new theoretical model to explain the social dynamics of co-offending was developed and the implications for co-offending prevention and intervention programmes are discussed.
Developing Major and Career Self-Efficacy Among At-Promise Students: The Role of a Comprehensive College Transition Program
Authors: Hypolite Liane I. , Kitchen Joseph A. , Kezar Adrianna
Published: November 2022

Higher education institutions are utilizing comprehensive college transition programs (CCTPs) to streamline support, promote retention and success, and address the structural barriers that at-promise students face. Yet, research about the role of CCTPs rarely explores the importance of major and career self-efficacy (MCSE) for these populations, despite the established connection between MCSE and success outcomes. External pressures on degree attainment further emphasize the importance of major and career decision-making processes. Based on longitudinal survey data from the Promoting At-Promise Student Success (PASS) project, quasi-experimental modeling shows that CCTP participants have significantly greater MCSE than students without program exposure, which points to the important role of major and career-related programming and support implemented as part of CCTPs to promote at-promise student success. Implications for advancing the development of MCSE for low-income, first-generation, and racially minoritized students are offered as potential strategies for addressing equity gaps related to retention and completion.
An experimental investigation and flow field analysis on cycling clothing fabrics with grooved surface
Authors: Jiang Wei , Qiu Jun , Ma Guoqiang , Weng Ding , Zhang Jie , Liu Lifang
Published: November 2022

Aerodynamic characteristics of a cylinder covered with smooth fabrics and grooved fabrics were studied with wind tunnel test and numerical simulation, emphasizing on drag attenuation. In the wind tunnel test, the aerodynamic drag of nude cylinder and cylinder covered with fabric was measured. The results show that the drag coefficient of the smooth fabric is almost the same as that of the nude cylinder, however, the fabric with micro-groove structure exerts a distinct characteristic on drag reduction behavior. Based on the results of wind tunnel test, the smooth part of fabric with groove is simplified to smooth surface for numerical simulation. The simulation results of the pressure, vorticity, and turbulent kinetic energy on the grooved surface are presented in comparison with those of the smooth surface to illustrate the drag reduction mechanism. The results indicate that for the grooved surface, the pressure difference between the front and back of the cylinder is smaller, the vortex shedding is inhibited more effectively, and the turbulent kinetic energy is higher compared to those on the smooth surface.
The matching relation analysis of yarn pre-tension in weaving 3D bi-directional angle-interlock fabrics
Authors: Xu Yonghao , Ma Wensuo , Jia Chenhui , Lei Xianqing , Zhang Zhuangya , Ma Zhenyu , Man Ruidong
Published: November 2022

Yarn pre-tension is an important technological parameter in the weaving process and significantly affects the geometry and properties of woven composites. 3D bi-directional angle-interlock (3DBA) fabrics have the same yarn crimp in the warp and weft directions, which requires a special matching relationship between the warp and weft yarn tensions applied in the weaving process. This study focused on obtaining the pre-tension matching relationship that applied between the warp and weft yarns in the weaving of 3DBA fabrics. A quasi-static mechanical model of yarn interactions in the weaving of 3DBA fabrics was developed based on the 2D woven fabric yarn interaction model. The weaving process of 3DBA fabrics could be divided into two interweaves as one cycle. In a given interweaving of a single group of yarns, the pre-tension applied to the warp yarns tends to increase irregularly with the position of the interweaving point and varies linearly with the weft pre-tension. The weft crimps distribution of 3DBA fabrics was compared when yarns were applied to the different proportions of pre-tension in the weaving process. The experiment result shows that the sample with the best uniform distribution of yarn geometry is the one to which the yarn pre-tension calculated by the model is applied in the weaving process. The result provides theoretical support for warp and weft pre-tension applied in the 3DBA fabrics weaving process.
SUDEP Risk Counseling: What We Don’t Do in the Shadows
Authors: St. Louis Erik K.
Published: November 2022

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Responding to the Need of the Hour: Natural History Studies
Authors: Joshi Charuta
Published: November 2022

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Early MRI in Epilepsy: A Picture Is Worth a Thousand Preventable Seizures
Authors: Englot Dario J.
Published: November 2022

[Box: see text]
Oscillatory Activities in Multiple Frequency Bands in Patients with Schizophrenia During Motion Perception
Authors: Başar-Eroğlu C. , Küçük K.M. , Rürup L. , Schmiedt-Fehr C. , Mathes B.
Published: November 2022

Patients with schizophrenia show impairment in binding stimulus features into coherent objects, which are reflected in disturbed oscillatory activities. This study aimed to identify disturbances in multiple oscillatory bands during perceptual organization of motion perception in patients with schizophrenia. EEG was recorded from healthy controls and patients with schizophrenia during continuous presentation of a motion stimulus which induces reversals between two exogenously generated perceptions. This stimulus was used to investigate differences in motion binding processes between healthy controls and patients with schizophrenia. EEG signals were transformed into frequency components by means of the Morlet wavelet transformation in order to analyse inter-trial coherences (ITC) in the delta (1–4 Hz), theta (4–7 Hz), alpha (8–12 Hz), and gamma (28–48 Hz) frequency bands during exogenous motion binding. Patients showed decreased delta-ITC in occipital and theta-ITC in central and parietal areas, while no significant differences were found for neither alpha nor gamma-ITCs. The present study provides one of the first insights on the oscillatory synchronizations related with the motion perception in schizophrenia. The ITC differences revealed alterations in the consistency of large-scale integration and transfer functions in patients with schizophrenia.
Intravenous thrombolysis plus mechanical thrombectomy versus mechanical thrombectomy alone for acute ischemic stroke: A systematic review and updated meta-analysis of clinical trials
Authors: Elfil Mohamed , Ghaith Hazem S , Elsayed Hanaa , Aladawi Mohammad , Elmashad Ahmed , Patel Neisha , Medicherla Chaitanya , El-Ghanem Mohammad , Amuluru Krishna , Al-Mufti Fawaz
Published: November 2022

Background

Mechanical thrombectomy (MT) is the gold standard treatment for large vessel occlusion (LVO). A vital factor that might influence MT outcomes is the use of intravenous thrombolysis (IVT). A few clinical trials in this domain thus far have not yielded consistent outcomes. We conducted this meta-analysis to synthesize collective evidence in this regard.

Methods

The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) statement guidelines were followed, and we performed a comprehensive literature search of four databases (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane CENTRAL). For outcomes constituting continuous data, the mean difference (MD) and its standard deviation (SD) were pooled. For outcomes constituting dichotomous data, the frequency of events and the total number of patients were pooled as the risk ratio (RR).

Results

Seven clinical trials with a total of 2317 patients are included in this meta-analysis. Six trials are randomized, and one trial was nonrandomized. No significant differences were found between MT plus IVT and MT alone in successful recanalization (RR 1.04, 95% Confidence Interval (CI) [0.92 to 1.17], P = 0.53), 90-day functional independence (RR 1.03, 95% CI [0.90 to 1.19], P = 0.65), symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (sICH) (RR 1.22, 95% CI [0.84 to 1.75], P = 0.30), or mortality (RR 0.94, 95% CI [0.76 to 1.18], P = 0.61).

Conclusion

The current evidence does not favor either MT plus IVT or MT alone for LVO except for the procedural time. More trials are needed in this regard, and certain factors should be considered when comparing the two approaches.
Evaluation of the relationship between adjusted ischemia-modified albumin and the presence and severity of peripheral artery disease
Authors: Özsin Kadir K , Engin Mesut , Sanrı Umut S , Toktaş Faruk , Kahraman Nail , Huysal Kağan , Üstündağ Yasemin , Yavuz Şenol
Published: November 2022

Objectives

Albumin undergoes structural changes under ischemia and oxidative stress, turning into ischemia-modified albumin (IMA). It has been proposed as an early biomarker for various diseases associated with ischemia. We aimed to investigate the relationship between serum IMA and peripheral artery disease (PAD) and whether it is a risk marker for the severity of PAD.

Methods

This prospective case-control study included 100 patients with lower extremity PAD and 50 volunteers without. Patients with resting pain, ulcer, and gangrene were excluded from the study. Patients with PAD included in the study were divided into two groups as mild claudication and moderate-severe claudication. Adjusted-IMA levels were calculated according to the median albumin values of the groups. The basic clinical features and laboratory findings of the participants were recorded and compared. Possible risk factors for presence and severity of PAD and IMA levels were examined by logistic regression and receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses.

Results

IMA and adjusted-IMA levels were significantly higher in the PAD group ( p < 0.001, p < 0.001, respectively). IMA and adjusted-IMA levels were significantly higher in PAD group 2, which had moderate-to-severe claudication and more pronounced ischemic symptoms ( p < 0.001, p < 0.001, respectively). Advanced age, presence of hypertension, smoking, low albumin levels, and high adjusted-IMA levels were independent predictors of PAD. There was a negative high correlation between adjusted-IMA levels and ABI ( r: −0.666, p < 0.001, Spearman’s correlation). ROC curve analysis demonstrated that adjusted-IMA cut-off values of 0.802 or above could predict presence and severity of peripheral artery disease with 70% sensitivity and 78% specificity (AUC: 0.825, 95% CI: 0.758–0.893, log rank p: 0.000).

Conclusion

We determinated that increased adjusted-IMA levels were a predictors of the presence and severity of PAD. In addition, adjusted-IMA values can be a valuable marker in the follow-up of clinical severity of PAD.
Ant colony optimisation of a community pharmacy dispensing process using Coloured Petri-Net simulation and UK pharmacy in-field data
Authors: Naybour Matthew , Remenyte-Prescott Rasa , Boyd Matthew
Published: November 2022

There are 11,619 community pharmacies in England which dispense over 1 billion prescriptions each year, providing essential primary care to NHS (National Health Service) patients. These pharmacies are facing pressure from a number of sources including funding cuts and high demands on services, while trying to deliver the highest standards of care. This paper presents an optimisation of a Coloured Petri Net (CPN) community pharmacy simulation model using an Ant Colony Optimisation (ACO) method. The CPN method was proposed by Naybour et al . Quantitative data from UK community pharmacies was collected by the authors and incorporated into the CPN simulation model. The optimisation is made up of a choice of how many staff to employ, which prescription checking strategy to use, and which staff work pattern to implement. This method aims to provide decision makers with a set of optimal pharmacy configurations at different cost levels. This can help to support pharmacy safety, efficiency, and improve decision making processes. It has been demonstrated how reliability modelling techniques traditionally used in safety-critical industries, can be used to carry out safety and efficiency analyses of healthcare systems, such as dispensing processes in community pharmacies, illustrated in this contribution.
Kaempferol Inhibits Dry Eye-Related Corneal Inflammation In Vitro Via the p38 Pathway
Authors: Li Dong-dong , Li Jie , Huang Yu , Shi Jian , Yang Yijing , Peng Qing-hua
Published: November 2022

ObjectiveThe purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of kaempferol (KAE), an effective constituent of Buddleja officinalis, on human corneal epithelial cells (HCECs) under a hyperosmolar environment. Methods HCECs were cultured in DMEM/F12 medium and allocated into four groups: normal, model, vehicle, and KAE. Ki67 staining was used to detect HCEC proliferation; TdT-mediated dUTP Nick-End Labeling staining was used to detect HCEC apoptosis; quantified real-time PCR was used to investigate the mRNA relative expression levels of TNF-α, IL-6, and p38. and Western blot was used to reveal the protein expression levels of TNF-α, IL-6, and p38. Results Compared with those in the normal group, the proliferation ability of HCECs was significantly inhibited and the apoptosis rate of HCECs was notably increased in the model group; but KAE could effectively improve HCEC proliferation and reduce HCEC apoptosis. Compared with those in the normal group, the mRNA relative expressions and protein levels of TNF-α, IL-6, and p38 were significantly increased in the model group, which were effectively decreased after KAE intervention. Conclusion KAE could promote HCEC proliferation and reduce cell apoptosis, as well as inhibit the expression of inflammatory factors in a hypertonic-induced HCEC model via the p38MAPK pathway.
Steroidal Alkaloids From the Apocynaceae Family: Their Isolation and Biological Activity
Authors: Abd Karim Hidayatul Atiqah , Ismail Nor Hadiani , Osman Che Puteh
Published: November 2022

Steroidal alkaloids are derived from the steroid skeleton with one or two nitrogen atoms. They are widely distributed in tropical and subtropical regions and possess a range of biological activities. The structures of steroidal alkaloids are comparable to those of anabolic steroids, steroidal hormones, and corticosteroids, making them a valuable source for drug discovery. Taxonomically, steroidal alkaloids are limited in distribution to certain plant families, predominantly the Apocynaceae, Buxaceae, Solanaceae, and Liliaceae. This review highlights the steroidal alkaloids from the Apocynaceae family and their biological activities. The articles published from 1919 to 2021 were included in this review. A total of 163 steroidal alkaloids and 12 biological activities were reported from plant species belonging to the Apocynaceae family in this period. Of the 410 genera in the Apocynaceae, only 10 contain steroidal alkaloids. Although some alkaloids from the Apocynaceae family were also reported in the Buxaceae family, especially tetracyclic triterpenes with a pregnane side chain, most steroidal alkaloids can only be found in several genera of the Apocynaceae family.
Vitex doniana L. Growing in Southwestern Nigeria: Leaf Essential Oil Composition and Antimicrobial Activity
Authors: Owolabi Moses S. , Ogundajo Lanre Akintayo , Satyal Prabodh , Dosoky Noura S. , Abdulhakam Wada , Olubukola Davies-Sani Rayhana , Setzer William N.
Published: November 2022

Introduction: Vitex doniana is used in traditional medicine for treatment of several ailments, including conjunctivitis, skin rashes due to measles or chickenpox, respiratory infections, and abdominal disorders and diarrhea. Methods: The leaf essential oil of V. doniana from southwestern Nigeria was obtained by hydrodistillation and analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The essential oil was screened for antimicrobial activity against a panel of pathogenic bacteria and fungi. Results: Major components in the essential oil were ( E)-β-caryophyllene (12.34%), phytone (9.73%), phytol (16.87%), and incensyl acetate (23.57%). Conclusion: The essential oil showed notable antifungal activity against Aspergillus niger (MIC 78.1 μg/mL) and should be considered as an alternative or complementary option for antifungal therapy.
Along came a spider … and capitalism killed it
Authors: Tyner James A , Rice Stian
Published: November 2022

In 2022, engineers at Rice University revealed a new procedure to reanimate the corpse of a spider. Hailed as a biotechnological achievement, the experimental procedures designed to convert death into useful, productive labor portend a deepening of necrocapitalism and the violence of science. In this commentary, we call attention to three overlapping dimensions epitomized by scientifically reanimated spiders: (a) the fetishization of violence, (b) the subsumption of life and death to circuits of capital, and (c) the contradictions inherent in necrocapitalism. We view the necrobotic spider as an omen, one that calls us to refigure our understanding of violence in a post-humanist and post-anthropocentric way.
Voicing an identity: Unpacking the identity sources of member voicing
Authors: Christensen Emma
Published: November 2022

The communication of nonnominated members who voluntarily disseminate organization-supportive messages on their social media platforms has become a central topic in the field of public relations. While such ‘member voicing’ is generally encouraged, management often struggle to prevent unfavorable representations. Previous studies have demonstrated an extensive use of explicit control practices, including strict social media policies, but has paid little attention to less obtrusive forms of control. This conceptual article argues that unobtrusive forms of control play a significant role in shaping member voicing. Specifically, member voicing is discussed as a specific type of identity performance where members enact values and desires to present a situationally relevant identity. In voicing their organization, members are argued to draw on identity material from three partly overlapping sources: (1) values fabricated and imposed by management, (2) (social) identities desired by members themselves (‘who they want to be’), and (3) conduct expected and celebrated by peers (e.g. colleagues). The identity performance of member voicing, thus, is permeated by organizational and social ideals and expectations, participating in constituting members’ perception of ‘who they are’. While the enactment of member voicing is not determined in any detail, the paper suggests that members always speak from within a web of preconstructed values, and as such with a constrained voice.
Systematic Review of College and Career Readiness Interventions for Students With Emotional and Behavioral Disorders
Authors: Kern Lee , Kelly Samantha , Rosati Sarah A. , Shera Samantha , Fluharty Matthew , Gabrilowitz Rachel , Carter Devon , Liang Christopher T. H. , Freeman Jennifer
Published: November 2022

U.S. federal policy recommends college and career readiness (CCR) programs to ensure students are prepared for postsecondary life. CCR programs may be particularly important for students with, or at risk of, emotional behavior disorders (EBD) who experience poor school and postschool outcomes. This literature review examined CCR programs for secondary-age students with, or at risk of, EBD. After a systematic search, 14 articles were identified that met the inclusion criteria. Although all studies resulted in favorable outcomes in some areas, outcomes were not universally positive. Furthermore, the evaluation of study quality indicated the need for increased research rigor. The findings suggest additional research is needed to identify effective CCR components and ascertain specific intervention outcomes that can be expected. Limitations and implications for research and practice are described.
Assessing the Efficiency of Defined Benefit Private and Public Pension Plans using Data Envelopment Analysis Adjusted Estimator
Authors: Mfoutou Bruvine Orchidée Mazonga , Danquah Richard
Published: November 2022

This study uses data envelopment analysis (DEA) adjusted estimator to assess the efficiency of defined benefit private and public pension plans in the Republic of Congo. We also incorporate the industry fund in the assessment. The authors apply constant return to scale (CRS) adjusted estimator input and output orientation. In input orientation, we intellectualize efficiency as the ability of defined benefit pension funds to reduce costs, whereas assets remain constant. In output orientation, we conceive efficiency as raising the return on investment in existing contribution, administrative, and investment cost capacities. CRS-adjusted scores depict that the defined benefit private pension fund is on the efficient frontier regarding its input and output. The defined benefit public and industry pension funds are off the efficient frontier. Hence the private sector ranked first, is more efficient than the public sector, ranked third. The industry sector is less efficient compared to the private sector but more efficient than the public sector. As far as efficiency studies are concerned, this study is the first in sub-Saharan Africa to use the DEA-adjusted estimator to assess the efficiency of defined benefit pension funds.
Arabic Translation and Cross-Cultural Adaptation of the Victorian Institute of Sport Assessment Questionnaire for Patellar Tendinopathy
Authors: Alshabanat Abdulrahman S. , Alshewaier Shady A. , Alotaibi Raed M. , Alkathiry Abdulaziz A.
Published: November 2022

Background:

The Victorian Institute of Sport Assessment questionnaire for patellar tendinopathy (VISA-P) is currently not available in the Arabic language.

Purpose:

To translate and culturally adapt the VISA-P questionnaire into Arabic and to evaluate its reliability and validity.

Study Design:

Cohort study (diagnosis); Level of evidence, 3.

Methods:

Translation of the VISA-P questionnaire was implemented in compliance with international guidelines. In total, 111 participants (53 with patellar tendinopathy and 58 healthy controls) were recruited to validate the Arabic-language version of the VISA-P (VISA-P-Ar). The patients with patellar tendinopathy completed the 36-item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) and rated their knee pain using the numeric pain rating scale (NPRS). They completed the VISA-P-Ar twice (within a week) to assess test-retest reliability. Scores between the patients and controls were compared with the Mann-Whitney U test, construct validity was assessed with Spearman rank-order correlation, internal consistency was assessed with the Cronbach alpha, and test-retest reliability was assessed with the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC).

Results:

There was a significant difference in VISA-P-Ar scores between the patellar tendinopathy group (mean, 41.35 ± 13.56) and the control group (mean, 95.22 ± 8.22) ( P < .001). In addition, scores on the VISA-P-Ar were significantly positively correlated with the SF-36 ( r = 0.630; P < .001) and significantly negatively correlated with the NPRS ( r = −0.681; P < .001). The items in the VISA-P-Ar had good internal consistency (α = 0.709) and showed high test-retest reliability (ICC, 0.941; P < .001).

Conclusion:

The results of this study indicated that the VISA-P-Ar is a valid and reliable tool for assessing symptoms of patellar tendinopathy in the Saudi population and can be used in clinical and research settings.
Treatment Approaches for Plantar Fasciopathy in Elite Athletes: A Scoping Review of the Literature
Authors: Coppola Martina , Sgadari Arianna , Marasco Domenico , Danti Corrado , Vitale Giovanni , Smeraglia Francesco , Balato Giovanni , Bernasconi Alessio
Published: November 2022

Background:

Plantar fasciopathy is a common orthopaedic condition that affects athletes and limits their performance.

Purpose:

To conduct a scoping review of the literature to summarize the evidence provided so far for the management of plantar fasciopathy in elite athletes and identify potential gaps in the current knowledge.

Study Design:

Scoping review; Level of evidence, 5.

Methods:

This scoping review followed the 6-stage methodological framework of Arksey and O’Malley and was registered in the Open Science Framework. PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science were used to identify eligible articles. After charting of data, studies were pooled into 3 categories: epidemiological/diagnostic studies, outcome research focused on plantar fasciitis or partial tears, and studies on the rupture of the plantar fascia. The modified Coleman Methodology Score was used to assess the quality of included articles.

Results:

Of 742 initial studies, 10 were selected (109 patients): 8 level 4 articles and 2 level 5 articles. In 4 studies (91 athletes), potential risk factors were discussed but not investigated (ie, preexistent thickening of the fascia, spike shoes, varus hindfoot/knee alignment). In 3 studies (6 athletes) focusing on plantar fasciitis, the nonsurgical treatment led to a satisfactory but poorly documented outcome. In 3 studies (12 athletes), the rupture of the fascia was treated nonoperatively with contrasting results, while surgery was performed only in 2 cases. The mean modified Coleman Methodology Score was 19 (range, 3-42), demonstrating overall poor methodology.

Conclusion:

The limited number of studies and their poor quality do not allow to define the gold standard treatment of plantar fasciopathy in elite athletes. Until high-quality studies are provided, clinicians have to rely on the available literature regarding the nonprofessional or nonathletic population to make the best evidence-based decision.
Effect of Playing Position on Return to Sport, Functional Outcomes, and Recurrence After Arthroscopic Bankart Repair in Soccer Players
Authors: Pasqualini Ignacio , Rossi Luciano Andrés , Brandariz Rodrigo , Tanoira Ignacio , Fuentes Nora , Denard Patrick J. , Ranalletta Maximiliano
Published: November 2022

Background:

Little attention has been paid to playing position as a risk factor for recurrence after arthroscopic Bankart repair (ABR) in soccer players.

Purpose:

To compare return to sport, functional outcomes, and recurrence after ABR between goalkeepers and field position players in soccer.

Study Design:

Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3.

Methods:

A retrospective comparative cohort study was performed in soccer players who underwent ABR between January 2017 and December 2019. The minimum clinical follow-up was 2 years. Functional outcomes included the Rowe score, visual analog scale (VAS) for pain, and shoulder-dependent sports ability measured with the Athletic Shoulder Outcome Scoring System (ASOSS). The difference between the post- and preoperative scores was calculated; rate and level of return to sport, recurrent instability, and revisions were also evaluated according to position played.

Results:

A total of 70 position players and 11 goalkeepers met the study criteria. Postoperative functional outcomes were significantly improved in both groups as compared with baseline ( P < .001 for both), although the position players achieved significantly greater pre- to postoperative improvement (ΔVAS, –2 vs 0 points [ P = .029]; ΔRowe, 45 vs 30 points [ P = .046]; ΔASOSS, 45 vs 40 points [ P = .028]). While all players returned to soccer, only 55% (n = 6) of goalkeepers returned to the same level versus 93% of field players ( P = .003). The overall rate of recurrent instability was 8.6% but was significantly higher among goalkeepers (27.2% vs 5.7%; P = .049), and the odds of goalkeepers having a recurrence were significantly higher than field position players (odds ratio, 8.5 [95% CI, 1.2-57.2]; P = .027).

Conclusion:

Although the results of ABR were generally favorable in all soccer players, goalkeepers had significantly worse functional outcomes, a lower rate of return to the same level of sport, and a higher recurrence rate as compared with field position players.
COVID-19 Vaccination Knowledge, Perception, and Reason for Adherence and nonadherence Among Nursing Students in Egypt
Authors: Abdelkader Fadia A. , Alkubati Sameer A. , Alsabri Mohammed , McClean Christopher , Albagawi Bander , Alsaqri Salman H. , Al-Areefi Mahmoud , Abo Seada Asmaa Ibrahem
Published: November 2022

Introduction

Vaccines are considered preventive measures to reduce coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) spread around the world. There are many factors for adherence and acceptance of COVID-19 vaccination.

Objectives

The study aimed to investigate nursing students’ knowledge, perception, and factors that influence their adherence to COVID-19 vaccines.

Methods

A descriptive cross-sectional study design was conducted among nursing students at the Faculty of Nursing, Mansoura University, Egypt, during the period between September 1 and November 30, 2021.

Results

Of the total of 500 participants, 76% took a COVID-19 vaccination. About 89% of participants rated the correct answer related to COVID-19 vaccination. Obligatory to enter the faculty, protect family and friends, and protect myself were the most reasons of adherence (80.3, 73.7, and 70.8%, respectively) while fear of adverse events and lack of information about vaccine were the most reasons of nonadherence (87.5 and 79.2%, respectively) to COVID-19 vaccination. The majority of participants (62%) had expressed positive perception toward COVID-19 vaccination. Education level, training program about COVID-19, previous infection with COVID-19, perception toward COVID-19 vaccination, and knowledge toward COVID-19 vaccination were significantly ( p   =   .035, p   =   .027, p   =   .009, p   =   .008 and p   =   .033, respectively) associated with students’ adherence to take COVID-19 vaccines.

Conclusion

Accurate knowledge and perception about COVID-19 vaccines are the stronger predictors of vaccine hesitance or acceptance among nursing students in Egypt. Campaigns to increase knowledge and perception of COVID-19 and its vaccines among nursing students are needed to improve vaccine acceptance and reduce vaccine hesitance.
Speaking with the river: Confluence and interdisciplinarity in rivers and river systems
Authors: Cooke Grayson , Garbutt Rob , Kijas Johanna , Pelizzon Alessandro , Page John , Wessell Adele , Parker Frances Belle , Reichelt-Brushett Amanda
Published: November 2022

This article is underpinned by the hypothesis that if Australia is to reassess and improve its relationship to and use of rivers and river systems, then more holistic ways of understanding rivers, and strategies for representing and communicating this understanding, must be developed and brought together. Held over two days in August 2019 at the Lismore campus of Southern Cross University, ‘Speaking With the River’ was an interdisciplinary symposium exploring the capacities of creative research practice to develop new understandings of rivers and river systems as simultaneously environmental, cultural, historical and economic phenomena. In this article, we bring together the voices and disciplinary insights from the symposium and the rivers of Northern New South Wales, and we reflect on the way that riverine language ran throughout our discussions and ideas, providing a connective model of confluences and conjunctions for the interdisciplinary enterprise we were engaged in. This article presents perspectives on rivers and river systems from law, history, art and science, exploring common ground and common purposes. Developing a legal framework for recognising the rights and ‘voices’ of rivers, that is informed by Indigenous knowledges, historical contexts, and scientific understanding, and that employs artistic innovation in representation and translation, is to us the ultimate goal of such an enquiry. While this paper does not undertake the formal steps of developing this framework, it provides the necessary background and instantiates its elements and working methods within the context of the Richmond River in Northern New South Wales.
Planning use values or values-based planning? “Rolling with” neoliberal flood risk governance in Vancouver, Canada
Authors: Oulahen Greg , Ventura Jacob
Published: November 2022

Neoliberal flood risk governance has become the norm in Canada and much of the rest of the global North in the interest, hypothetically, of achieving so-called efficiencies and resilience and, practically, out of desperation for access to any more resources to face a growing burden. This paper traces the path toward a flood risk governance model in Vancouver together with the development history of the city to illustrate the coproduction of urban landscape, capital, and flood risk. It situates what is intended to be a progressive “values-based” local adaptation planning program within that context to question whether or not such a program can elevate the use value of land. The paper demonstrates that a flood risk governance model further entrenches neoliberal hegemony and exchange values, with implications for urban space and how city inhabitants interact with flood hazards that are beyond the reach of values-based planning.
Mechanical peck drilling of Inconel 625: Parametric analysis and grey fuzzy logic based multi-response optimization
Authors: P Prashanth , Hiremath Somashekhar S.
Published: November 2022

Nickel-based superalloy Inconel 625 is considered a hard-to-cut material due to characteristics such as high hardness, strain hardening behavior, and affinity with tool materials. It is challenging to machine through micro-holes of less than Ø 500 µm with the desired quality on Inconel 625 using the mechanical micro-drilling (MMD) process under dry conditions. The machining parameters must be selected optimally to enhance hole quality and to avoid frequent drill breakages. In this study, through micro-holes are machined on Inconel 625 by the MMD process using solid carbide micro-drills under dry conditions using a peck drilling strategy. Experiments are carried out by varying machining parameters such as spindle speed (8000 rpm, 11000 rpm, and 14000 rpm), feed (5 µm/rev, 7.5 µm/rev, and 10 µm/rev), and drill diameter (Ø 300 µm, Ø 400 µm, and Ø 500 µm) at three levels based on full factorial design. Thrust force and hole quality features such as exit burr height, radial overcut, and taper angle are measured as output responses. The mean effect plots are used to study the influence of machining parameters on output responses. The drill diameter had a significant effect on thrust force and radial overcut. Whereas feed and spindle speed had a major influence on exit burr height and taper angle, respectively. Finally, multi-response optimization is carried out using the grey fuzzy logic method, and an optimal machining parameter setting for multiple responses is ascertained.
Inferior Tricuspid Annular Atrial Tachycardia
Authors: Deshpande Saurabh Ajit
Published: November 2022

A 60-year-old male with recurrent episodes of supraventricular tachycardia on regular medications had another episode. Was taken up for electrophysiological study and radiofrequency ablation (EPS and RFA) under 3-D electro-anatomical mapping (EAM). The challenges in the case were need for isoprenaline infusion for sustenance of tachycardia and relatively wider area of ablation requirement for success.