bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Detection of Hand-to-Mouth Gestures Using a RF Operated Proximity Sensor for Monitoring Cigarette Smoking
Authors: Lopez-Meyer Paulo , Patil Yogendra , Tiffany Tiffany , Sazonov Edward
Published: April 2013

Common methods for monitoring of cigarette smoking, such as portable puff-topography instruments or self-report questionnaires, tend to be biased due to conscious or unconscious underreporting. Additionally, these methods may change the natural smoking behavior of individuals. Our long term objective is the development of a wearable non-invasive monitoring system (Personal Automatic Cigarette Tracker – PACT) to reliably monitor cigarette smoking behavior under free living conditions. PACT monitors smoking by observing characteristic breathing patterns of smoke inhalations that follow a cigarette-to-mouth hand gesture. As envisioned, PACT does not rely on self-report or require any conscious effort from the user. A major element of the PACT is a proximity sensor that detects typical cigarette-to-mouth gesture during cigarette smoking. This study describes the design and validation of a prototype RF proximity sensor that captures hand-to-mouth gestures with a high sensitivity (0.90), and a methodology that can reject up to 68% of artifacts gestures originating from activities other than cigarette smoking.
Dietary Strategies to Optimize Wound Healing after Periodontal and Dental Implant Surgery: An Evidence-Based Review
Authors: Lau Beatrice Y , Johnston Bryan D , Fritz Peter C , Ward Wendy E
Published: April 2013

Methods to optimize healing through dietary strategies present an attractive option for patients, such that healing from delicate oral surgeries occurs as optimally as possible with minimal patient-meditated complications through improper food choices. This review discusses findings from studies that have investigated the role of diet, either whole foods or individual dietary components, on periodontal health and their potential role in wound healing after periodontal surgery. To date, research in this area has largely focused on foods or individual dietary components that may attenuate inflammation or oxidant stress, or foster de novo bone formation. These studies suggest that a wide variety of dietary components, including macronutrients and micronutrients, are integral for optimal periodontal health and have the potential to accelerate oral wound healing after periodontal procedures. Moreover, this review provides guidance regarding dietary considerations that may help a patient achieve the best possible outcome after a periodontal procedure.
A Physiological Dynamic Testing Machine for the Elbow Joint
Authors: Kiene Johannes , Wendlandt Robert , Heinritz Marcus , Schall Angelika , Schulz Arndt-Peter
Published: April 2013

Background:

The aim of our study was to develop a test setup combining realistic force transmission with physiological movement patterns at a frequency that mimicked daily use of the elbow, to assess implants in orthopedic joint reconstruction and trauma surgery.

Methods:

In a multidisciplinary approach, anin vitrobiomechanical testing machine was developed and manufactured that could simulate the repetitive forceful movement of the human elbow joint. The construction involved pneumatic actuators. An aluminum forearm module enabled movements in 3 degrees of freedom, while motions and forces were replicatedviaforce and angular sensors that were similar toin vivomeasurements.

Results:

In the initial testing, 16 human elbow joint specimens were tested at 35 Nm in up to 5000 cycles at a range of 10° extension to 110° flexion. The transmitted forces led to failure in 9 out of the 16 tested specimens, significantly more often in females and small specimens.

Conclusions:

It is possible to construct a testing machine to simulate nearly physiological repetitive elbow motions. The prototype has a number of technical deficiencies that could be modified. When testing implants for the human elbow with cadaver specimens, the specimen has to be chosen according to the intended use of the implant under investigation.
Introduction of a Degassing Membrane Technology into Anaerobic Wastewater Treatment
Authors: Bandara W. M. K. R. T. W. , Ikeda M. , Satoh H. , Sasakawa M. , Nakahara Y. , Takahashi M. , Okabe S.
Published: April 2013

The effectiveness of degasification using a degassing membrane to improve chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal efficiency was investigated using a bench‐scale upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor. Vacuum degasification was able to transfer dissolved gas in the bulk liquid of the UASB reactor inside the membrane. Such a process might provide thermodynamically favorable conditions for the degradation of organic compounds. The COD‐removal efficiency improved from 83% during normal operation to 90% during the degassing operation.
Tissue‐Specific Distribution and Activity of Glutathione S‐Transferases as Biomarkers in Bivalve Shellfishes
Authors: Wu Xiaoyong , Liu Wei , Gou Xiaojun
Published: April 2013

In order to find the relationship between tissue‐specific expressions of glutathione S‐transferases (GSTs) and their function in preventing effects of environmental toxicants, GSTs were primarily purified by GST‐Sepharose 4B affinity chromatography from liver intestine, gill, mantle, and adductor muscle of Asaphis dichotoma, Amusium pleuronectes pleuronectes, and Atactodea striata. Determination of GSTs was also made in samples taken from the tissue muscle enshielding of A. dichotoma and A. striata. Dodecyl sulfate sodium salt polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS‐PAGE) showed that each tissue has its own unique patterns of GSTs. Studies on tissue‐specific activity toward 1‐chloro‐2,4‐dinitrobenzene (CDNB), 4‐chloro‐7‐nitro‐2,1,3‐benzoxadiazole (NBD‐Cl), 4‐nitrophthalic acid (4‐NPA), and ethacrynic acid (ECA) indicated that GSTs from liver intestine exhibited the highest CDNB conjugation activity among all individual tissues from any of the three species sampled. Furthermore, liver intestine and its connected tissue (muscle enshielding) in these shellfishes accounted for more than 50% of the total detoxification toward the xenobiotic electrophile CDNB.
Surgical treatment of degenerative cervical spine diseases: Analyses of 90 patients clinical study
Authors: Markovic M. , Zivkovic N. , Stojanovic D. , Samardzic M.
Published: April 2013

The effect of degenerative cervical spine surgery depends on good
understanding of the pathogenesis and clinical course of disease with a
detailed neurological and neuroradiological examination. Surgical approach
should be considered separately for each pathological substrate in order to
avoid additional morbidity. The aim of our study is to present the results of
treatment through analysis of large clinical series focusing on anterior
surgical approach with iliac crest graft fusion without cervical plating. The
retrospective analysis of 90 patients operated on Neurosurgery of CHC Zemun,
from 2008 to 2011, was done. In 81 patients cervical disc herniation was
found in one or two levels, and 9 patients had spinal canal stenosis with
polydiscopathy. Preoperatively 50 patients had cervical myelopathy, and 40
patients had radiculopathy as dominating clinical sign. Anterior cervical
approach was performed in 79 patients, and 11 patients were operated by
posterior approach. The treatment outcome was as follows: good outcome 16
(16.8%) patients, improved condition 65 (72.2%), without improvement 6
(6.7%), bad outcome 3 (4.3%). The anterior cervical approach with iliac crest
autologous graft fusion, and without additional cervical plating, is reliable
treatment option with results comparable to reported clinical series with
sintetic graft placement and anterior cervical plate stabilisation.
Simultane karotidne i koronarne operacije bez upotrebe vantelesnog krvotoka - nase iskustvo
Authors: Milojevic Predrag , Micovic S. , Radak Djordje , Vukovic Petar , Djukanovic Bosko
Published: April 2013

Objectives: There is still a dilemma about best treatment option for patients
with severe carotid and coronary artery disease. Reviving of beating heart
revascularization technique and using of carotid stenting makes things even
more difficult. Discussion about this subject is getting more and more
profound. This is analysis of our initial experience with simultaneous
carotid and off pump coronary procedures. Materials and methods: This is
retrospective analysis of 18 patients operated using this technique in a
period from 2001-2003 yrs. Follow up was done by telephone interview. For
survivors specially designed questionaire was fulfilled. Results: We operated
total number of 18 patients with average age 60,6+9.32 years. Carotid
recontruction was performed by eversion technique in all patients. Average
number of coronary grafts was 2,67+0.88. During postoperative period 1
patient (5.55%) had verified perioperative infarction and 1 patient (5.55%)
suffered from stroke. Average number of days in hospital was 9.95+4.74.
During follow up period of 21 months two more patients died from
cardiovascular causes. There was no need for repeat coronary angiogram or
reintervention on carotid or coronary arteries. Conclusion: Simultaneous
carotid and coronary operation performed on beating heart is safe and
efficent method of treatment for patients with severe concomitant carotid and
coronary artery disease.
Simultaneous ipsilateral testicular seminoma with pelvic ectopy and hematovesicula seminalis
Authors: Hadzi-Djokic Jovan , Andrejevic Vladan , Djurasic Ljubomir , Acimovic Miodrag , Petrovic Milan , Pejcic Tomislav , Dzamic Zoran
Published: April 2013

We present a rare case of 24 years old male who was diagnosed with
simultaneous testicular tumor with pelvic ectopy and ipsilateral
hematovesicula seminalis. Hemospermia was the only presented symptom. Patient
underwent surgery and removal of the testicular tumor and right vesiculectomy
were performed.Histopathological analysis revealed seminoma of the right
testis and dilated right vesicula seminalis filled with hemorrhagic fluid and
sings of chronic inflammation. Postoperatively irradiation of the abdomen was
performed using standard protocol. Ten years after surgery there was no signs
of decease recurrence.
Carcinoma developing in a branchial cyst
Authors: Tegeltija Dragana , Lovrenski Aleksandra , Panjkovic Milana , Marjanov Jovan , Samardzija Golub , Pejakovic Nemanja
Published: April 2013

Introduction. The malignant transformation of the branchial cysts epithelium
is rare and it represents separate entity called branchiogenic carcinoma.
Case report. A 55-year-old male with fluctuating mass localized on the right
side of the neck, was admitted to the Department of Maxillofacial Surgery,
General hospital in Vrbas where cystic tumor 3 cm in its greatest dimension
with friable, dark red wall below the front edge of the sternocleidomastoid
muscle was revealed. The wall of the tumor was composed of lymphoid tissue
with germinal centers. The internal surface of the cyst was lined with thin
layered squamous epithelium that showed a transition from the normal,
followed by the atypical epithelium, and the in situ carcinoma to the part
corresponding to a poor differentiated invasive squamous carcinoma. Following
the diagnosis of suspected branchiogenic carcinoma a radical neck dissection
was performed. No elements of the tumor had been found in the sampled
materials taken from striated muscle tissue, salivary gland tissue and
reactive lymph nodes (n = 24). The patient was presented to Oncology
Consilium, and radiotherapy was implemented. Conclusion. The definitive
diagnosis must be based on histological features. A five-year monitoring of
the patient is necessary to rule out cervical metastasis of this tumor. It is
necessary for a five-year follow-up to rule out cervical metastasis of the
tumor.
Encapsulating peritoenal sclerosis: Case report
Authors: Djuric Petar , Majster Zdenka , Stankovic-Popovic Verica , Maslarevic-Radovic Vesna , Dimkovic Nada
Published: April 2013

Introduction. Encapsulating peritoneal sclerosis is a possible, serious,
life-threatening complication of peritoneal dialysis therapy. Case 1. A
female patient was hospitalized for clinical signs of encapsulating
peritoneal sclerosis in the inflammatory stage with fever, intestinal
occlusion, positive inflammatory syndrome (Le 20 K/?L, CRP 217 mg/L) and
highly turbid peritoneal effluent (Le 3.3 K/?L) with sterile culture. Risk
factors for the development of encapsulating peritoneal sclerosis were nine
previous episodes of peritonitis and long-term use of high osmolality
dialysis solution. The diagnosis was confirmed by computed tomography
findings. During the course of therapy, the patient had a good response to
Tamoxifen and prednisone. Although encapsulating peritoneal sclerosis was
well controlled, the patient died after eight months due to tuberculosis of
the lungs with signs of heart failure. Case 2. The clinical presentation also
corresponded to encapsulating peritoneal sclerosis in the inflammation stage,
and the identified risk factors were the long-term treatment with peritoneal
dialysis (100 months) and an episode of peritonitis with tunnel infection.
The first sign of encapsulating peritoneal sclerosis was hemorrhagic ascites,
which was observed when the peritoneal catheter was being replaced. The
diagnosis was confirmed by computed tomography findings. He was treated with
Tamoxifen (10 mg 2x2 tbl). Except anemia, poor appetite and fatigue, the
patient denied any other symptoms after 14 months of therapy. Conclusion.
During peritoneal dialysis, one should always think about encapsulating
peritoneal sclerosis which is not always easy to recognize. Timely diagnosis
with the use of corticosteroids and Tamoxifen in the first and Tamoxifen in
the second case were effective in controlling and preventing disease
progression.
Very Low–Calorie Diet Mimics the Early Beneficial Effect of Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass on Insulin Sensitivity and β-Cell Function in Type 2 Diabetic Patients
Authors: Jackness Clifton , Karmally Wahida , Febres Gerardo , Conwell Irene M. , Ahmed Leaque , Bessler Marc , McMahon Donald J. , Korner Judith
Published: April 2013

Marked improvement in glycemic control occurs in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus shortly after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery (RYGB) and before there is major weight loss. The objective of this study was to determine whether the magnitude of this change is primarily due to caloric restriction or is unique to the surgical procedure. We studied eleven subjects who underwent RYGB and fourteen subjects mean-matched for BMI, HbA1c, and diabetes duration who were admitted to our inpatient research unit and given a very low–calorie diet (VLCD) of 500 kcal/day with a macronutrient content similar to that consumed by patients after RYGB. Frequently sampled intravenous glucose tolerance tests were performed before and after interventions. Both groups lost an equivalent amount of weight over a mean study period of 21 days. Insulin sensitivity, acute insulin secretion after intravenous glucose administration, and β-cell function as determined by disposition index improved to a similar extent in both groups. Likewise, changes in fasting glucose and fructosamine levels were similar. Based on these data, VLCD improves insulin sensitivity and β-cell function just as well as RYGB in the short term.
Factors Associated With Microalbuminuria in 7,549 Children and Adolescents With Type 1 Diabetes in the T1D Exchange Clinic Registry
Authors: Daniels Mark , DuBose Stephanie N. , Maahs David M. , Beck Roy W. , Fox Larry A. , Gubitosi-Klug Rose , Laffel Lori M. , Miller Kellee M. , Speer Heather , Tamborlane William V. , Tansey Michael J. ,   for the T1D Exchange Clinic Network
Published: April 2013

OBJECTIVE

To examine factors associated with clinical microalbuminuria (MA) diagnosis in children and adolescents in the T1D Exchange clinic registry.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

T1D Exchange participants <20 years of age with type 1 diabetes ≥1 year and urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR) measured within the prior 2 years were included in the analysis. MA diagnosis required all of the following: 1) a clinical diagnosis of sustained MA or macroalbuminuria, 2) confirmation of MA diagnosis by either the most recent ACR being ≥30 mg/g or current treatment with an ACE inhibitor (ACEI) or angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB), and 3) no known cause for nephropathy other than diabetes. Logistic regression was used to assess factors associated with MA.

RESULTS

MA was present in 329 of 7,549 (4.4%) participants, with a higher frequency associated with longer diabetes duration, higher mean glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) level, older age, female sex, higher diastolic blood pressure (BP), and lower BMI (P ≤ 0.01 for each in multivariate analysis). Older age was most strongly associated with MA among participants with HbA1c ≥9.5% (≥80 mmol/mol). MA was uncommon (<2%) among participants with HbA1c <7.5% (<58 mmol/mol). Of those with MA, only 36% were receiving ACEI/ARB treatment.

CONCLUSIONS

Our results emphasize the importance of good glycemic and BP control, particularly as diabetes duration increases, in order to reduce the risk of nephropathy. Since age and diabetes duration are important nonmodifiable factors associated with MA, the importance of routine screening is underscored to ensure early diagnosis and timely treatment of MA.
Two Cases of Diabetic Ketoacidosis in HNF1A-MODY Linked to Severe Dehydration
Authors: Pruhova Stepanka , Dusatkova Petra , Neumann David , Hollay Erik , Cinek Ondrej , Lebl Jan , Sumnik Zdenek
Published: April 2013

OBJECTIVE

Hepatocyte nuclear factor-1A maturity-onset diabetes of the young (HNF1A-MODY) is a monogenic form of diabetes caused by heterozygous mutations in HNF1A. Currently, a history of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is an exclusion criterion for genetic testing for MODY.

HISTORY AND EXAMINATION

In this article, we describe two unrelated patients aged 17 and 24 years with severe DKA developed several years after the diagnosis of HNF1A-MODY.

INVESTIGATION

Both patients were treated with insulin, but their metabolic control was poor (HbA1c 15%, 140 mmol/mol and 13%, 119 mmol/mol, respectively) due to noncompliance and missed insulin injections. In both patients, DKA followed a course of recurrent vomiting with dehydration and prerenal acute kidney injury. Their glycemia, blood pH, and base excess at admission were 97 mmol/L [1,748 mg/dL], 6.80, and −33 mmol/L (patient 1) and 34 mmol/L [613 mg/dL], 7.03, and −14 mmol/L (patient 2).

CONCLUSIONS

This anecdotal observation supports the notion that a history of DKA does not exclude MODY.
Comparison of 14C and U-Th Ages in Corals from IODP #310 Cores Offshore Tahiti
Authors: Durand Nicolas , Deschamps Pierre , Bard Edouard , Hamelin Bruno , Camoin Gilbert , Thomas Alexander L , Henderson Gideon M , Yokoyama Yusuke , Matsuzaki Hiroyuki
Published: April 2013

Shallow-water tropical corals can be used to calibrate the radiocarbon timescale. In this paper, we present a new data set based on the comparison between 14C ages and U-Th ages measured in fossil corals collected offshore the island of Tahiti during the Integrated Oceanic Drilling Program (IODP) Expedition 310. After applying strict mineralogical and geochemical screening criteria, the Tahiti record provides new data for 2 distinct time windows: 7 data for the interval between 29 and 37 cal kyr BP and 58 for the last deglaciation period, notably a higher resolution for the 14–16 cal kyr BP time interval. There are 3 main outcomes of this study. First, it extends the previous Tahiti record beyond 13.9 cal kyr BP, the oldest U-Th age obtained on cores drilled onshore in the modern Tahiti barrier reef. Second, it strengthens the data set of the 14–15 cal kyr BP period, allowing for better documentation of the 14C age plateau in this time range. This age plateau corresponds to a drop of the atmospheric 14C synchronous with an abrupt period of sea-level rise (Melt Water Pulse 1 A, MWP-1 A). The Tahiti 14C record documents complex changes in the global carbon cycle due to variations in the exchange rates between its different reservoirs. Third, during the Heinrich event 1, the Tahiti record disagrees with the Cariaco record, but is in broad agreement with other marine and continental data.
The Reality of the Management in Patients with Rare Inborn Metabolic Diseases In Slovakia / Realita starostlivosti o pacientov so zriedkavými vrodenými metabolickými chorobami v SR
Authors: Hlavatá A.
Published: April 2013

Recently, from 6,000 to 8,000 rare diseases have been registered, of which over 1,000 are inherited metabolic diseases.

In Slovakia, a nationwide newborn screening for phenylketonuria − an inherited metabolic disease that occurred frequently in our country − has been performed over the last 40 years. Special workplaces in Bratislava, Banská Bystrica and Košice were set up to provide optimal availability of treatment for patients with phenylketonuria. Today, Inherited Metabolic Diseases Centre in Children's Faculty Hospital in Bratislava uses the laboratories at the Department of Laboratory Medicine and Molecular Genetics at the 2nd Paediatrics Department. When finalizing the diagnosis, we cooperate with the Institute of Medical Biology, Genetics and Clinical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital in Bratislava. However, international cooperation is needed. Clinical and ambulatory care of patients with inherited metabolic diseases is in the centre distributed to the paediatric and neurological departments.

In recent years, the problem of inherited metabolic diseases has no longer been just a paediatric problem. While in past the majority of patients did not live to adulthood, today, thanks to new drugs and therapeutic procedures, it has been changed. Improving the knowledge of the pathogenesis, diagnosis and especially substitution therapy, patients can reach the age of adulthood and they can even be diagnosed in adulthood. The paper provides personal experience with the treatment of inherited metabolic diseases in Slovakia, mainly the substitution therapy.
Patient Empowerment in Rare Diseases Slovak Rare Disease Alliance − Contribution to the Creation of the National Plan of Rare Diseases in Slovakia Eurordis – Benefits of Membership / Pacientske organizácie v oblasti zriedkavých chorôb – ich činnosť aj pri príprave národného plánu v SR slovenská aliancia zriedkavých chorôb Eurordis - európska aliancia zriedkavých chorôb – výhody členstva
Authors: Ramljaková B.
Published: April 2013

After the endorsement of the National strategy of rare disease patient health care development for years 2012 - 2013 by the government of the SR on October 24, 2012, it is important for all participants in the process to get involved. (Who are all the participants? - doctors, pharmacists, scientist, national authorities, regulators, health insurance companies, social insurance company, health care and social workers, pharmaceutical industry, but also politicians, patients and patient organizations)

Based on the experience and problems which are being solved by patients, it is necessary for POs to focus on areas important for the creation of NP RD in the SR. These are most of all: complex approach to patients based on a multidisciplinary team, inclusion of patients into decision making - an educated patient is a prerequisite for this; specialized services for RD patients and their families; integration of RD patients into existing health care and social system and help lines.

Slovak Alliance of Rare Diseases (Alliance RD) was founded and registered at the Ministry of Interior of the SR on December 12, 2011. The reason for its foundation was the effort to solve problems in the area of RDs in a complex and systemic way, which is proved by its involvement in the creation of NP RD in the SR. It houses 12 POs working in the field of RD in Slovakia. The objective of the Alliance RD is to keep improving the health and social life conditions of rare disease patients and their families, to improve the quality of rare disease patients’ lives, and to support their social integration. In close cooperation with EURORDIS - Rare Disease Europe − it took part in EUROPLAN II (2012 - 2015), a project organized by the National conference for the support of the creation of National plan of rare disease patient health care development in Slovakia.
Comparison of Contact Stress Distribution for Foam Seat and Seat of Auxetic Spring Skeleton
Authors: Janus-Michalska M. , Jasińska D. , Smardzewski J.
Published: April 2013

The objective of this paper is to present and compare the results of numerical solutions of contact problem for two types of seats subjected to typical sitting loadings. The first seat is made of a typical hyperelastic foam, the other is designed with an auxetic polyamid spring skeleton. Computer simulations of the seat structure under a typical static loading exerted by a human body are performed by means of ABAQUS FEA. The model provides an insight into deformation modes and stress field in relation to geometric and material parameters of the seat structure.The other type of seat, due to the fact of global auxecity and progressive springs characteristics reduces contact stress concentrations, giving an advantegous distribution of pressure and provides the sensation of physical comfort. The proper seat skeleton shape leads to an improvement of ergonomic quality.
Unsteady/Steady Natural Convection Flow of Reactive Viscous Fluid in a Vertical Annulus
Authors: Jha B.K. , Samaila A.K. , Ajibade A.O.
Published: April 2013

This paper presents both analytical and numerical analyses of a fully developed unsteady/steady natural convection flow of a reactive viscous fluid in an open ended vertical annulus. Analytical expressions for velocity, temperature, skin-friction and rate of heat transfer are obtained after simplifying and solving the governing differential equations with reasonable approximations. The interesting result found in this study is that an increase in non-dimensional time (t) , increases both temperature and velocity profiles until a steady-state value is attained. Subsequent results obtained by numerical calculations show excellent agreement with analytical results.
Energy Stability of Benard-Darcy Two-Component Convection of Maxwell Fluid
Authors: Muti H. , Demir H. , Siddheshwar P.G.
Published: April 2013

Energy stability of a horizontal layer of a two-component Maxwell fluid in a porous medium heated and salted from below is studied under the Oberbeck-Boussinesq-Darcy approximation using the Lyapunov direct method. The effect of stress relaxation on the linear and non-linear critical stability parameters is clearly brought out with coincidence between the two when the solute concentration is dilute. Qualitatively, the result of porous and clear fluid cases is shown to be similar. In spite of lack of symmetry in the problem it is shown that non linear exponential stability can be handled.
Reflection at Free Surface in Micropolar Thermoelastic Solid with two Temperatures
Authors: Sharma K.
Published: April 2013

The present investigation is concerned with the effect of two temperatures on reflection coefficients in a micropolar thermoelastic solid half space. With two relaxation times, reflection of plane waves impinging obliquely at a plane interface of the micropolar generalized thermoelastic solid half space with two temperatures is investigated. The incident wave is assumed to be striking at the plane surface after propagating through the micropolar generalized thermoelastic solid with two temperatures. Amplitude ratios of the various reflected waves are obtained in closed form and it is found that these are functions of angle of incidence, frequency and are affected by the elastic properties of the media. The effect of two temperatures is shown on these amplitude ratios for a specific model.
H.264 Video Transmission over Wlan in Opnet Modeller
Authors: Sendrei Lukáš , Valiska Ján , Marchevský Stanislav
Published: April 2013

One of the biggest challenges of communication networks is the video transmission in real time. It requires high demands on the available network capacity and transport mechanisms. Availability of smart mobile devices with batteries, which keep the terminal working for several hours, caused an increased interest in the research of the deployment of video transmission in wireless transmission systems. The presented paper deals with the transmission of video encoded with H.264/AVC (Advanced Video Coding) video coding standard through wireless local area network (WLAN) using the programming environment OPNET Modeller (OM). The test network studied in this work was prepared by combining real and simulated networks, which allows interesting possibilities when working with the OM tools. Such an approach to working with OM allows a detailed video streaming analysis, because the video output was noticeably not only in the form of statistics, but we can see the real impact of transmission failures. Using the OM simulation environment allows to design the transmission systems, which would be difficult to establish in laboratory conditions.
Development and characterization of a novel mAb against bilitranslocase - a new biomarker of renal carcinoma
Authors: Montanic Sendi , Terdoslavich Michela , Rajcevic Uros , De Leo Luigina , Department of Medical Sciences, Uni Serena , Curin Serbec Vladka , Passamonti Sabina
Published: April 2013

Background. Bilitranslocase (TC 2.A.65.1.1) is a bilirubin-specific membrane transporter, found on absorptive (stomach and intestine) and excretory (kidney and liver) epithelia and in vascular endothelium. Polyclonal antibodies have been raised in rabbits in the past, using a synthetic peptide corresponding to AA65-77 of rat liver bilitranslocase, as an antigen. Affinity-purified antibodies from immune sera have been found to inhibit various membrane transport functions, including the bilirubin uptake into human hepatocytes and the uptake of some flavonoids into human vascular endothelial cells. It was described by means of immunohistochemistry using polyclonal antibodies that bilitranslocase expression is severely down-regulated in clear cell renal carcinoma. The aim of our work was development and characterization of high-affinity, specific mAbs against bilitranslocase, which can be used as a potential diagnostic tool in renal cell carcinoma as well as in a wide variety of biological assays on different human tissues.

Materials and methods. Mice were immunized with a multi-antigen peptide corresponding to segment 65-75 of predicted primary structure of the bilitranslocase protein. By a sequence of cloning, immune- and functional tests, we aimed at obtaining a specific monoclonal antibody which recognizes a 37 kDa membrane protein, and influences the transport activity of bilitranslocase.

Results. On the basis of previous results, specific IgM monoclonal antibodies were produced in BALB/c mice, in order to further improve and extend the immunological approach to the study of bilitranslocase in renal cancer cells as well as to develop its potential diagnostics use.

Conclusions. In this article we show an immunological approach, based on newly developed monoclonal antibodies, to a detailed biochemical and functional characterization of a protein whose gene and protein structure is still unknown. We were able to demonstrate our novel mAb as a tumor marker candidate of renal cell carcinoma, which may prove useful in the diagnostic procedures.
Ras and Ras mutations in cancer
Authors: Rajasekharan Satish , Raman Thiagarajan
Published: April 2013

Ras genes are pre-eminent genes that are frequently linked with cancer biology. The functional loss of ras protein caused by various point mutations within the gene, is established as a prognostic factor for the genesis of a constitutively active Ras-MAPK pathway leading to cancer. Ras signaling circuit follows a complex pathway, which connects many signaling molecules and cells. Several strategies have come up for targeting mutant ras proteins for cancer therapy, however, the clinical benefits remain insignificant. Targeting the Ras-MAPK pathway is extremely complicated due its intricate networks involving several upstream and downstream regulators. Blocking oncogenic Ras is still in latent stage and requires alternative approaches to screen the genes involved in Ras transformation. Understanding the mechanism of Ras induced tumorigenesis in diverse cancers and signaling networks will open a path for drug development and other therapeutic approaches.
Reproduction, growth and circadian activity of the snail Bradybaena fruticum (O. F. Müller, 1774) (Gastropoda: Pulmonata: Bradybaenidae) in the laboratory
Authors: Kuźnik-Kowalska Elżbieta , Lewandowska Małgorzata , Pokryszko Beata , Proćków Małgorzata
Published: April 2013

Selected life cycle parameters of the snail Bradybaena fruticum were studied in the laboratory. The initial material for the laboratory culture was taken from a population in South Western Poland; the snails were kept in Petri dishes and plastic containers. The temperature, humidity and lighting conditions were maintained at a constant level (day 18°C, night 12°C, rh 80%, light:dark 12:12). Circadian activity observations were conducted outside the climatic chamber. Eggs — calcified, slightly oval, of mean dimensions 2.67x2.56 mm — were laid singly or in batches of 6–62, as a result of both biparental and uniparental reproduction. Incubation took 27–76 days and hatching was asynchronous. Hatching success was lower among eggs produced by single parents compared to eggs produced by two parents (c.a. 56 and c.a. 88%, respectively). Growth included fast (2.25 to 5 whorls) and slow (1.9–2.25 and >5 whorls) phases as well as lip formation, and took 261 to 420 days. The first eggs/batches were laid c.a. one year later, and for uniparentally reproducing snails the period was even longer. The growth of snails kept singly was faster than in those kept in groups. Juvenile snails were much more active than adults in the spring, summer and autumn but the adults were more mobile in the winter. In all seasons, juveniles were more active at night than adults.
Palomena prasina (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) vibratory signals and their tuning with plant substrates
Authors: Polajnar Jernej , Kavčič Andreja , Kosi Alenka , Čokl Andrej
Published: April 2013

Palomena prasina is interesting for the study of vibrational communication within the Pentatomid subfamily Pentatominae, because its host range is limited to woody plants, unlike the better known Nezara viridula, whose vibrational communication is commonly used as a model for the whole family. The vibrational repertoire of P. prasina was described several decades ago and is redescribed in this paper using modern methods for non-contact vibration recording. Additionally, we hypothesized that this species has retained the capacity for signal frequency variation necessary for tuning to resonance properties of various host plants of Pentatominae, but if the signals are emited in the absence of mechanical feedback, they are tuned more specifically to their native acoustic environment — woody plants. By recording live bugs signalling on different substrates and comparing spectral properties of their signals among substrates, we found that there is a match between the signals emitted on a woody branch and those emitted on a non-resonant surface, while spectral properties of signals emitted on herbaceous plants differ. Our findings provide evidence in support of the signal tuning hypothesis and shed further light on the crucial role of substrate in vibrational communication of insects.
DFT study of free radical scavenging activity of erodiol
Authors: Marković Zoran , Đorović Jelena , Dekić Milan , Radulović Milanka , Marković Svetlana , Ilić Marija
Published: April 2013

Antioxidant activity of erodiol was examined at the M05-2X/6-311+G(d,p) level of theory in the gas and aqueous phases. The structure and energy of radicals and anions of the most stable erodiol rotamer were analyzed. To estimate antioxidant potential of erodiol, different molecular properties were examined: bond dissociation enthalpy, proton affinity together with electron transfer energy, and ionization potential followed by proton dissociation enthalpy. It was found that hydrogen atom transfer is the prevailing mechanism of erodiol behavior in gas; whereas single electron transfer followed by proton transfer and sequential proton loss electron transfer mechanisms represent the thermodynamically preferred reaction paths in water.
Job Differentiation vs. Unemployment
Authors: Amine Samir
Published: April 2013

We use a matching model in which the horizontal job differentiation results from the rationale response of firms to the state of the labor market. We show that a decrease in the labor market tightness gives firms an incentive to raise the differentiation degree of jobs. Comparative statics suggests that an increase in unemployment benefits and in the minimum wage improves productivity of skilled workers by making jobs more differentiated, and leads to a raise in unemployment rate.
Detection of Synchronous Motor Inter-Turn Faults Based on Spectral Analysis of Park’S Vector / Detekcja Zwarc Zwojowych W Silniku Synchronicznym Bazujaca Na Analizie Spektralnej Wektora Przestrzennego Pradu Twornika
Authors: Głowacz Z. , Kozik J.
Published: April 2013

This paper describes detection of synchronous motor inter-turn faults based on symptoms contained in stator phase currents. Armature short circuit, caused by insulation degradation are quite commonly occurring defects in electrical machines. Initially, short circuit comprises mostly single coils, causing the temperature rise due to higher value of current, which can reach up to tens times of the rated value. At the same time the phase current does not increase significantly. Increased temperature leads to rapid damage of the insulation and shorting the adjacent coils spreading the fault to the entire winding in a short time. Thus, it is very important to detected this type of fault in its early stage. Unfortunately currently used motor protection devices are insensitive to short-circuits of a small number of turns, because they cause too small quantitative changes in the phase currents. Phase currents begin to rise to the level detectable by protection devices when a large part of the winding is already covered by a fault. Therefore, there is a need for research on diagnostics of this type of damage. For the purpose of this paper a stepped short circuit fault of one coil group in the stator phase winding is performed. Shorting resistance values are chosen so that the short fault is diagnosed in its early stage. Spectral analysis of stator phase currents is carried out followed by spectral analysis of stator currents Park’s vector. Comparison of the results of both studies shows that the signal of stator current Park’s vector is more suitable in diagnostics of this type of faults.
The Effect of Sintering Temperature on Microstructure and Properties of Al – SiC Composites / Wpływ Temperatury Spiekania Na Mikrostrukture I Własnosci Kompozytów Al – SiC
Authors: Leszczynska-Madej B.
Published: April 2013

Attempts have been made to describe the influence of sintering temperature on the microstructure and properties of Al - SiC composites. Mixtures of 100%Al and Al - 5% SiC, Al - 10% SiC were produced by tumbling for 30 minutes in the Turbula T2F mixer. The powders were subsequently cold pressed at pressure 300MPa in a rigid die on a single action press. The green compacts were sintered in nitrogen at 580°C and 620°C for one hour. The main objective of this work was to determine influence of chemical composition and the manufacturing parameters on microstructure and properties of Al - SiC composites produced by powder metallurgy technology.
Effect of pH on Corrosion of Sintered Stainless Steels Used for Bipolar Plates in Polymer Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells / Wpływ Ph Roztworu Na Szybkosc Korozji Spiekanych Stali Nierdzewnych Stosowanych Na Okładki Ogniw Paliwowych Z Membrana Polimerowa
Authors: Włodarczyk R. , Wronska A.
Published: April 2013

Proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) are numbered among low-temperature cells. Their operating temperature reaches 120°C, whereas their efficiency amounts to ca. 40%. These cells are most often used for the batteries for portable devices, low and high power generators, stationary power plants and car drives. The PEMFCs are composed of the membrane, electrodes at both sides and bipolar plates, also termed interconnectors. The main aim of the present study was to investigate the sintered stainless steels in simulated environments of a PEM fuel cells for bipolar plates. The ferritic (434L) and austenitic (316L) stainless steels were examined. The corrosion properties were examined in 0.1 mol dm-3 Na2SO4+ 2 ppmF-(pH= 1; 3; 5) at 80°C.
Microstructure of Polycrystalline Zinc Subjected to Plastic Deformation by Complex Loading / Mikrostruktura Polikrystalicznego Cynku Odkształconego Plastycznie W Złozonym Schemacie Deformacji
Authors: Sztwiertnia K. , Kawałko J. , Bieda M. , Berent K.
Published: April 2013

Polycrystalline, high purity (99,995%) zinc ingot was subjected to KoBo type extrusion in room temperature. Material was extruded to form of a 2 mm diameter wire, extrusion die oscillated during process by an angle ±8_ at a frequency of 5 Hz and the extrusion speed was 0.5 mm/s. Final product was tested for tensile strength and yielded R0;2 ≈ 150MPa and Rm ≈ 250MPa. Microstructure of both extruded and initial materials was investigated by means of high resolution Electron Backscatter Diffraction (EBSD) in Quanta 3D FEG scanning electron microscope (SEM). Observations revealed that microstructure of extruded zinc sample is highly heterogeneous and consists of grains elongated slightly in the direction of extrusion. Grains dimensions ranges from over one hundred microns down to submicron scale while grains in the non-deformed material are equiaxed with mean diameter of approximately 200 microns. Other microstructure features such as intergranular bands and partly fragmented primary grains with subgrain structure are observed. Furthermore detailed study of local microstrains by Imaqe Quality Factor analysis are performed. Presence of Geometrically Necessary and Statistically Stored Dislocations is assessed. Thick areas of highly distorted lattice adjacent to High Angle Grain Boundaries are revealed. Microstrain mapping suggest composite-like microstructure of deformed material, that might explain its superior mechanical properties.
Enhanced Bioactivity of Calcium Phosphate Coatings Obtained by a Direct Electrodeposition from Hanks’ Solution on Ti Surface / Zwiekszona Bioaktywnosc Powłok Fosforanowo-Wapniowych Otrzymanych Metoda Bezposredniego Elektroosadzania Na Powierzchni Ti Z Roztworu Hanka
Authors: Pisarek M. , Roguska A. , Marcon L. , Andrzejczuk M. , Janik-Czachor M.
Published: April 2013

The main requirements for titanium biomaterials are: (a) biocompatibility, (b) resistance to biological corrosion and (c) antisepticity. These requirements may be met by a new generation of titanium biomaterials with a specific surface layer of strictly defined microstructure, chemical and phase composition. Recently, various surface modifications have been applied to form a bioactive layer on Ti surface, which is known to accelerate osseointegration.

The purpose of this study was to investigate bioactivity of porous calcium phosphate coatings prepared by a direct electrodeposition on Ti surface from a modified Hanks’ solution. The thick 200 nm coatings, were prepared via cathodic polarization at constant voltage -1.5 V vs. OCP in a Hanks’ solution. In order to evaluate the potential use of the coatings for biomedical applications, the adsorption of bovine serum albumin (BSA), the most abundant protein in blood, and living cells attachment (osteoblasts, U2OS) were studied. The observed differences in living cells attachment suggest a more promising initial cellular response of Ca-P coatings with a pre-adsorbed albumin.

The topography and a cross-section view of the Ca-P coatings were characterized using SEM and STEM techniques. The surface analytical techniques (AES, XPS, and FTIR) were used to characterize their chemical composition before and after protein BSA adsorption.
New Type of Photoactive Materials Based on TiO2 Modified by Anthraquinone Derivatives / Nowe Fotoaktywne Materiały W Oparciu O TiO2 Modyfikowany Pochodnymi Antrachinonu
Authors: Mech J. , Szaciłowski K.
Published: April 2013

Anthraquinone derivatives chemisorbed at nanocrystalline TiO2 present a new type of photoactive hybrid materials. These systems consist of organic chromophores anchored to the semiconductor surface via oxygen atoms of hydroxyl or carbonyl group. The bond between the chromophore and the titanium atom at the semiconductor surface reveals strong covalent character which makes the material stable in wide spectrum of electric potential and in an acidic environment. In alkaline solutions hydrolysis can be observed. The electrodes made of a modified TiO2 generate photocurrents within 300-700 nm, compared, with 300-400 nm for unmodified TiO2. Such an efficient photosensitization is a result of mutual arrangement of energy levels of the molecule and energy bands of the semiconductor.
The Structure of Self-Esteem Among Physical Education Students in the Selected Academies in Poland
Authors: Brojek Anna
Published: April 2013

Introduction. One of the elements of the self-knowledge system is self-esteem. This system is continuously organized into a certain kind of a distinctive structure of ideas and notions. The aims of this paper, is to define the sense of self-esteem among first year physical education students. Material and methods. The method applied in the research was a diagnostic survey accompanied by questionnaire based on Fitts's “The Tennessee Self-concept Scale”, in a simplified term TSCS. The survey was conducted in Academic Year 2008/2009 among 667 respondents in eight state and non-state Polish academies. Results. The conducted survey indicates that there is an obvious tendency for students to have high self-esteem. Such a high level falls within the remit of the majority of aspects: moral-ethical self, family self and personal-self. Moreover, a high level of self-esteem was recognized in students' global sense of self-esteem and in self-esteem concerning personal-self. Crucially, the medium level of self-esteem concerning behaviour was declared by a considerable percentage of the respondents. The high level of global self-esteem was definitely assigned to female students whereas the medium level was noticed among male students. Conclusion. One of the key elements of human personality is the sense of selfesteem which influences both the level of self-acceptance and self-awareness. Therefore, it is of paramount importance to develop these skills and the psychophysical characteristics in the process of upbringing and educating.