bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CuZn39Pb3 malzemenin torna tezgâhında işlenmesinde oluşan akım, ses şiddeti, titreşim ve yüzey pürüzlülük değeri arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi
Authors: ŞAHİNOĞLU Abidin , GÜLLÜ Abdulkadir
Published: June 2019

Gelişen teknoloji ve artan talep
miktarını karşılamak üzere talaşlı imalata yönelik birçok araştırma
yapılmaktadır. Bunların önemli bir kısmı kesme parametreleri ile yüzey
pürüzlülüğü, takım aşınması ve kesme kuvvetlerinin ilişkisinin incelenmesi
şeklinde olmuştur. Son yıllarda yapılan çalışmalarda titreşim, ses şiddeti ve
tezgâhın çektiği akım değeri ile takım aşınması, yüzey pürüzlülüğü ve kesme
kuvvetleri arasında ilişki kurulmuştur. Daha ekonomik ve alınması kolay
ölçümler ile talaşlı imalat süreci daha anlaşılır ve kontrol edilebilir bir
seviyeye gelmektedir. Bu çalışmada CNC torna tezgâhında, kuru kesme
şartlarında, CuZn39Pb3 malzeme, 4 farklı ilerleme, 5 faklı talaş derinliği ve 4
farklı kesme hızında oluşan ses şiddeti, titreşim, tezgâhın çektiği akım değeri
ve yüzey pürüzlülük değerleri arasındaki ilişki incelenmiştir. RSM (Response Surface
Methodology) ile analiz edilmiştir. Optimum kesme parametreleri belirlenmiştir.
İlerleme miktarı arttıkça yüzey pürüzlülük, ses şiddeti, titreşim ve tezgâhın
çektiği akım değerinin arttığı görülmüştür. Titreşim değeri arttıkça, yüzey
pürüzlülük değerinin ve ses şiddetinin artığı görülmüştür. Tezgâh akım
değerinin artması ile ses şiddetinin arasında güçlü bir ilişki olduğu
incelenmiştir.
Experiencias y retos de las mujeres pertenecientes al Sistema Nacional de Investigadores
Authors: Meza Mejía Mónica del Carmen , Galbán Lozano Sara Elvira , Ortega Barba Claudia Fabiola
Published: June 2019

La necesidad de acceso de las mujeres a la educación superior en México se hace patente desde tiempos remotos. Sin embargo, los primeros estudios sobre mujeres investigadoras en este país pueden rastrearse hace menos de 80 años; más reciente aún es el interés por conocer las vicisitudes por las que pasa una mujer en su carrera como investigadora, y en el contexto mexicano más concretamente como miembro del Sistema Nacional de Investigadores (SNI). Por ello, el estudio que aquí se presenta buscó comprender las experiencias e identificar los retos percibidos por las investigadoras pertenecientes al SNI para el ingreso, permanencia y promoción dentro del sistema.

Esta investigación se enmarcó en el paradigma interpretativo y para la recopilación de la información se utilizó la técnica de la entrevista semiestructurada. El análisis de la información se realizó mediante el método de las comparaciones constantes. A partir este se identificó que las participantes percibieron algunos retos a nivel personal e institucional, los cuales se reflejaron en las metacategorías construidas. La metacategoría de lo personal se dividió en dos categorías. Por un lado, el “ser investigadora”, en donde se hace referencia a las experiencias que han vivido y que las han llevado a convertirse en investigadoras, además del significado que tiene para ellas dedicarse a esto y cómo se definen a sí mismas dentro de esta labor. Por otro lado, el papel de la familia, en la que se encontraron en un extremo las dificultades para lograr el balance entre la vida familiar y el trabajo, y en el otro la importancia del apoyo familiar en su carrera profesional. En la metacategoría de lo institucional, mientras tanto, las investigadoras se enfrentan a la cultura y políticas de dos instituciones diferentes: la universidad a la que están adscritas y el propio SNI. Dentro de los hallazgos más relevantes se puede decir que tanto en universidades públicas como privadas las mujeres se enfrentan al desafío de lograr un balance entre la vida familiar y el trabajo. Pasando al actuar profesional, se presentan dos retos comunes: las dificultades para la producción científica y la formación de nuevos investigadores. En las universidades públicas esto se debe en la mayoría de los casos a la falta de tiempo como consecuencia de actividades como la maternidad y la atención a la familia, mientras que, en las particulares, lo primero es consecuencia de los tiempos para la revisión, publicación e indexación, y lo segundo por la ausencia de posgrados orientados a la investigación en la universidad de adscripción.
El desarrollo profesional de docentes. Una propuesta desde la complejidad
Authors: López Serrano María Elena
Published: June 2019

Pugnar por la mejora educativa es una constante en la política de todos los países. Y uno de los aspectos nodales son los docentes. La propuesta que aquí se presenta, desde una perspectiva teórica compleja, reconoce a estos como sujetos históricos que al incorporarse a las instituciones se construyen y reconstruyen. El planteamiento recupera tres ámbitos centrales: personal, profesional y social. El primero alude a la motivación, satisfacción y aprendizaje; el segundo reconoce la necesidad de propiciar desde las instituciones condiciones de comunicación y toma de acuerdos y espacios para la reflexión y las comunidades de aprendizaje. Finalmente, el social se asocia con el reconocimiento de la profesión y su relación con el desarrollo comunitario que redunde en pro de la sociedad. Los planteamientos de este artículo son producto de una investigación desarrollada de 2011 a la fecha. De manera específica presenta los resultados de dos proyectos: una investigación etnográfica denominada “El desarrollo profesional de los formadores de docentes. Una mirada desde la complejidad” y un proyecto de corte hermenéutico denominado “El desarrollo profesional docente al debate”.
Ekstrak Umbi Rumput Teki (Cyperus Rotundus) Sebagai Antibakteri Terhadap Staphylococcus Epidermidis Dan Propionibacterium Acnes
Authors: Nurjanah Siti , Rokiban Akhmad , Irawan Erdy
Published: June 2019

The tuber of cyperus rotundus are used to tradisional medicine. C. rotundus known to contain compounds of secondary metabolites such as alkoloids, sineol, pinene, siperon, rotunal, siperenon, siperol, tannins, flavonoids and scientifically it has been believed to have antimicrobial activity. Empirically this plant are used as an antibacterial, antitumor, anticancer, and antiallergic. The purpose of this study were determining the inhibition of extract of Cyperus rotundus against tubers of Staphylococcus epidermidis and Propionibacterium acnes. In this study C. rotundus extracted by maceration using 70% ethanol. The extracts tested against S. epidermidis and P. acnes using disc blank method. The results obtained from the mean diameter of the inhibition zones of exstract at concentrations of 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, and 100% on S. Epidermidis 8.03 mm, 11.43 mm, 15.04 mm, 15.83 mm and 19.98 mm respectively and P. acnes 11.59 mm, 13.35 mm, 17.17 mm, 20.44 mm, and 30.08 mm respectively Aquades used as negative control and erythromycin used as positive control. Testing were continued by determining the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC). The result of MIC for S. epidermidis was 15% and P. acnes was 11%. The analysis showed that the antibacterial activity of the tubers extract is bacteriostatic for S. epdermidis and bacterisid for P. acnes.
DevelopingLocal Potential-Based Entrepreneurship Model in Kangean Islands
Authors: Hasanah Uswatun , Munir Ahmad Arsyad
Published: June 2019

Rural development is a spotlight during 2015 – 2019. Two issuesin the development of rural communitiesare the fact that in the past two decades, the development progress has only been focused on urban areas while in general our country the development has been dominated by rural areas and despite various efforts and rural development programsinitiated by the government in the New Order era, the socio-economic conditions of rural communities are still very far from the expected (alarming).This study aimed to develop local potential-based entrepreneurship model in Kangean islands. The development of the model becomes a model of rural settlement issues, particularly on islands. Entrepreneurship development model includes upstream downstream of local potentials capable of being expanded in agricultural and marketing sectors to become one of the tourism objects.This study used multi-methods analysisby applying LoqationQuotion (LQ) method, SWOT analysis, trend analysis, and analysis of CommunityEconomic Empowerment in agriculture and marine. The strategic value and objectiveof the study was toprovide important information on the local potentialsin Kangean islands. The results of the study indicated that the local potentials in agricultural and marine sectors could be used as tourism object. The Development model of local potential-based tourism object was intended to promotelocal potentials while maintaining the local wisdom, such as the character and local cultures.
Optimisation and Evaluation of Zinc in Food Samples by Cloud Point Extraction and Spectrophotometric Detection
Authors: Mohd Azizi Nurul Azwa , Rahim Nurul Yani , Ramachandran Muggundha Raoov , Asman Saliza
Published: June 2019

The cloud point extraction (CPE) method was developed to determine the zinc prior to Ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectrophotometry detection. Triton X-100 was applied as extractant based on the complexation reaction of Zn(II) ions with ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA). Under optimal conditions, the CPE was used to determine the concentration of zinc in canned food samples. The amounts of zinc found in the food samples were in the range of 0.005-0.007 mg/L with relative standard deviation (RSD) of < 8 %. This confirmed that the proposed CPE method is suitable for the determination of zinc in food samples, indicating the concentration of zinc was within the permissible limit.
Espacios de cultivo vinculados a Madînat Ṭurṭûša (Tortosa, Cataluña): norias, drenajes y campesinos (siglos VIII-XII)
Authors: Kirchner Helena , Virgili Antoni
Published: June 2019

En este artículo se estudian los espacios de cultivo relacionados con Madînat Ṭurṭûša. La investigación se basa en la contrastación de la información proporcionada por la documentación escrita generada a raíz de la conquista cristiana (1148), la prospección y el análisis del parcelario. El resultado ha sido la delimitación y reconstrucción en planta de tres espacios de cultivo adyacentes a la ciudad. La huerta de Pimpí, al norte, se regaba con el agua de pozos y norias. Al sur, las Arenes constituía un espacio de humedal afectado por inundaciones periódicas y estaba equipado con una red de acequias de drenaje; se destinaba preferentemente a pastos para el ganado y al cultivo de cereales. En la orilla opuesta del Ebro, también había canales de drenaje y zonas de cultivo de cereales. El agua del Ebro jamás fue captada ni distribuida mediante acequias destinadas a regar grandes superficies.
Pola Komunikasi Virtual Grup Percakapan Komunitas Hamur “HAMURinspiring” Di Media Sosial Line
Authors: Briliana Cut Nadya Nanda , Destiwati Rita
Published: June 2019

Melalui perkembangan teknologi Internet, kini komunikasi tidak hanya terjadi secara tatap muka, namun juga bermedia komputer atau dikenal dengan istilah computer mediated communication (CMC). Perkembangan teknologi diikuti juga dengan perkembangan beragam platform media sosial yang banyak digunakan sebagai media komunikasi. Kemunculan media sosial tersebut banyak dimanfaatkan oleh komunitas sebagai sarana komunikasi dan interaksi, hal tersebut mendorong terbentuknya komunitas dalam ranah virtual seperti Komunitas HAMUR yang berada di Yogyakarta yang memanfaatkan grup percakapan pada media sosial Line sebagai media komunikasi komunitas. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pola komunikasi virtual, aturan komunikasi dan proses komunikasi komunitas HAMUR. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dengan menggunakan pendekatan etnografi virtual. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui tahap wawancara kepada 5 informan dan observasi terhadap grup percakapan komunitas yaitu “HAMURInspiring”. Hasil penelitian memperoleh bahwa adanya kesamaan identitas antar anggota komunitas HAMUR yaitu berasal dari keluarga broken home (keluarga tidak harmonis). Pada aturan komunikasi, komunitas HAMUR tidak memiliki aturan tertentu secara tertulis yang mengatur anggota dalam berkomunikasi. Pada proses komunikasi secara primer terdapat perbedaan bahasa antar anggota komunitas dalam berkomunikasi, pada proses komunikasi sekunder media Line dianggap membantu menghubungkan antar anggota komunitas yang terpisah jarak untuk berkomunikasi. Aspek-aspek tersebut berhubungan dengan pola komunikasi virtual yang terbentuk pada komunitas HAMUR, pola komunikasi dari komunitas HAMUR adalah pola komunikasi semua arah sehingga setiap anggota dapat bebas melakukan komunikasi dengan anggota lainnya.
Los acuerdos de comercio e integración en un contexto global de incertidumbre
Authors: Mellado Noemí B.
Published: June 2019

La incertidumbre es el dato central del mundo actual que se reconoce en el ámbito económico, político, social y cultural e impacta en los distintos procesos globales, regionales y nacionales. Se exacerbaron el proteccionismo y los nacionalismos, acompañados por transformaciones del capitalismo global aceleradas por los cambios tecnológicos de la economía digital con modificaciones en las relaciones de poder que reconfiguran el sistema internacional, en el cual el multilateralismo se debilita por la incapacidad de producir un marco normativo aceptable.
Critique of Arab Reason; Epistemology of Islamic Awakening
Authors: Tijani Achmad
Published: June 2019

Abdul Mukti Rouf, Kritik Nalar Arab: Muhhamad ‘Abid Al-Jabiri, Yogyakarta: LKiS, 2018Reading the book Critique of Arab Reason of Muhammad Abid Aljabiri from the writings of Abdul Mukti Ro'uf requires sufficient intellectual energy. This book is classified as fairly serious research. Its material objects that touch the historical and philosophical aspects that are integrated together make the reader trapped and faced with the arguments of the great figures of the Islamic world with various dynamics that take place in it. Perhaps the involvement of the great figures of the Islamic world is an inevitable choice. Even not only the great figures of internal Islamic community, but a number of large external figures who concentrate in Islamic studies are also involved to present sharp analysis with sufficient weight in breaking down Al-Jabiri's great thought.
Depth Theology and Depth Islam: Abraham Joshua Heschel and Nurcholish Madjid on Religious Pluralism
Authors: Bahri Media Zainul
Published: June 2019

The work attempts to elucidate the idea of religious pluralism of two very important figures in the traditions of Judaism and Islam: Abraham Joshua Heschel (1907-1972) and Nurcholish Madjid (1939-2005). Both figures are interesting to compare for some very important reasons. Although somewhat different, there is much in common between the two, especially in terms of their arguments on the issue of religious pluralism. Their ideas of religious pluralism are based on what the so- called “Depth Theology” (DT) and “Depth Islam” (DI). DT and DI are different from the usual theological dogmas that contain concepts and structures. DT and DI are not literal and superficial forms of religion. Their religious understanding went beyond the literal texts to look for the principles and spirit of religion in appreciating humanity, diversity and peace.  In the context of inter-religious tensions due to suspicion, hatred, and hostility, the depth-theology of Heschel and the depth Islam of Madjid find their significance.
Youth in the Age of Hatred: Religious and Ethnic Factors Within the Islamic Senior High School Students’ Reception Toward Hate Narratives
Authors: Aminuddin Ahmad , Ahnaf M. Iqbal
Published: June 2019

The rise of hate narratives along with the new model of communication through the internet has become a new challenge for people in this digital era, especially for youth, the Z generation. This generation, in fact, has an intimacy with the internet. It means that they have more possibility for the influence of hate narratives. This study is aimed exploring the influential factors on Z generation reception to the hate narratives on the internet. Specifically, it proposes to recognize the influential factors on the reception of the students of Madrasah Aliyah Negri (MAN) or State Islamic Senior High School of Tuban (MAN Tuban), East Java. This work is based on two hate narrative issues of Suku, Agama, Ras dan Antargolongan (SARA) or religious, ethnic and intergroup diversity backgrounds, including those of anti-Christianity and those anti-Shiite. This work concludes that the influential factors to the students' reception toward hate narratives come from two categories. First, students are to be the audience of their social systems and backgrounds. The involvement of the students in fundamentalist Muslim groups, in fact, has led them to have exclusive views in seeing others and to feel always under intergroup contestation. Second, the role of the characters of the narratives that influence student’s thought is very important to count. It includes the legitimization through emotion which specifically presents fear and feeling threatened. Those characters have further triggered the students’ empathy to do something beneficial for the sake of the in-group (altruism). In addition, the characters of the narratives have the figures behind them that have influenced students to immediately believe in the narratives they offer only through seeing their profiles on the internet showing their expertise.
Evaluation of gastrointestinal activity in healthy rabbits by means of duplex Doppler ultrasonography
Authors: Oura Trisha J. , Graham Jennifer E. , Knafo S. Emi , Aarsvold Stacie , Gladden Jay N. , Barton Bruce A.
Published: June 2019

OBJECTIVE

To use duplex Doppler ultrasonography to compare gastrointestinal activity in healthy sedated versus nonsedated rabbits and to evaluate agreement between B-mode and pulsed-wave Doppler (PWD) ultrasonographic measurements.

ANIMALS

10 healthy client-owned rabbits brought for routine physical examination and 11 brought for routine ovariohysterectomy or castration.

PROCEDURES

Duplex Doppler ultrasonography of the gastrointestinal tract was performed once for the 10 rabbits that underwent physical examination and twice (before and after presurgical sedation) for the 11 rabbits that underwent routine ovariohysterectomy or castration. Mean number of peristaltic contractions during a 30-second period was determined for the stomach, duodenum, jejunum, cecum, and colon from B-mode and PWD ultrasonographic images that had been video recorded. Findings for the duodenum and jejunum were compared between B-mode and PWD ultrasonography and between sedated and nonsedated rabbits.

RESULTS

Duodenal and jejunal segments had measurable peristaltic waves; however, the stomach, cecum, and colon had no consistent measurable activity. B-mode and PWD ultrasonographic measurements for the duodenum and jejunum had high agreement. No significant difference was identified between nonsedated and sedated rabbits in mean number of peristaltic contractions of the duodenum or jejunum.

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE

Results suggested that both B-mode and PWD ultrasonography of the duodenum and jejunum may be suitable for noninvasive evaluation of small intestinal motility in rabbits and that the sedation protocol used in this study had no impact on measured peristaltic values.
In vitro evaluation of the knot-holding capacity and security, weight, and volume of forwarder knots tied with size-3 polyglactin 910 suture exposed to air, balanced electrolyte solution, or equine abdominal fat
Authors: McGlinchey Leah , Boone Lindsey H. , Munsterman Amelia S. , Coleridge Matthew O. D. , Rosanowski Sarah M. , Farag Ramsis , Hanson R. Reid
Published: June 2019

OBJECTIVE

To evaluate the effect of exposure to a balanced electrolyte solution (BES), or equine abdominal fat on the knot-holding capacity (KHC), relative knot security (RKS), weight, and volume of forwarder knots versus surgeon's knots.

SAMPLE

315 knots tied and tested in vitro.

PROCEDURES

United States Pharmacopeia size-3 polyglactin 910 suture exposed to air (dry [control]), equine abdominal fat (fat-exposed), or BES (BES-exposed) was used to tie forwarder knots with 2, 3, and 4 throws and surgeon's knots with 5, 6, 7, and 8 throws. A universal materials testing machine was used to test the tensile strength of suture and knots to failure, and the KHC, RKS, weight, and volume of knots were determined.

RESULTS

Forwarder knots had significantly higher KHC and RKS and lower volume, compared with surgeons’ knots. Forwarder knots tied with fat-exposed suture had greater weight, but not volume, than did forwarder knots tied with dry or BES-exposed suture with the same number of throws.

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE

Results indicated that forwarder knots were superior to surgeon's knots when configured as start knots intended for continuous lines of suture. Exposure to media did not negatively affect mechanical or physical properties of forwarder knots and may improve specific biomechanical functions, including KHC and RKS.
Inhibitory effect of taspine derivative TAD1822-7 on tumor cell growth and angiogenesis via suppression of EphrinB2 and related signaling pathways
Authors: Liu Rui , Yu Runze , Cui Yuxin , Fan Mengying , Wang Bo , Zhang Yanmin
Published: June 2019

The aim of this study was to investigate the inhibitory effect of TAD1822-7, a synthesized taspine derivative, on cancer through its effects on tumor cell growth and angiogenesis via suppression of EphrinB2. The obtained data showed that TAD1822-7 decreased Bel-7402 cell viability and colony formation ability and suppressed cell migration. TAD1822-7 effectively inhibited blood vessel formation in an aortic ring assay to examine angiogenesis. Moreover, it also down regulated the expression of VEGFR2, VEGFR3, CD34, PLCγ, Akt, MMP2, MMP9, and CXCR4, and suppressed the expression of EphrinB2 and its PDZ protein, PICK1, in Bel-7402 cells. These results indicate that TAD1822-7 is a potential anti-angiogenic agent that can inhibit the viability and migration of Bel-7402 cells via suppression of EphrinB2 and the related signaling pathways.
An overview of structurally diversified anticonvulsant agents
Authors: Al-Otaibi Faisal
Published: June 2019

There are several limited approaches to treat epilepsy in hospitals, for example, using medicines, surgery, electrical stimulation and dietary interventions. Despite the availability of all these new and old approaches, seizure is particularly difficult to manage. The quest for new antiepileptic molecules with more specificity and less CNS toxicity continues for medicinal chemists until a new and ideal drug arrives. This review covers new antiseizure molecules of different chemical classes, the exact mode of action of which is still unidentified. Newer agents include sulfonamides, thiadiazoles, semi- and thiosemicarbazones, pyrrolidine-2,5-diones, imidazoles, benzothiazoles and amino acid deriva tives. These new chemical entities can be useful for the design and development of forthcoming antiseizure agents.
Clinical testing of antiretroviral drugs as future prevention against vaginal and rectal transmission of HIV infection – a review of currently available results
Authors: Vysloužil Jakub , Kubová Kateřina , Tkadlečková Veronika Nováková , Vetchý David
Published: June 2019

The original purpose of vaginally applied microbicides was to slow down the HIV epidemic among the population until an effective vaccination was developed. Nowadays, antiretrovirals applied in the form of gels or vaginal rings are considered most prominent in this field and are tested via vaginal or, rarely, rectal applications in numerous clinical studies (9 different antiretroviral drugs in 33 clinical studies, especially in Africa). Only tenofovir (1 % gel) and dapivirine (25 mg in vaginal ring) progressed into the phase III clinical testing. Their efficiency depended on the user´s strict adherence to the application regimen (for tenofovir 54 %, for dapivirine 61 % in participants over 25 years of age). Despite this, they are expected to be important and effective tools of preventive medicine in the near future. This review summarizes the results obtained during long-term clinical testing (2005–2018) of antiretroviral drugs against vaginal and rectal transmission of HIV infection.
Oriental Planes Platanus orientalis L. and Other Monumental Trees in Central Squares and Churchyards in NW Greece: Sacred, Emblematic and Threatened
Authors: Stara Kalliopi , Tsiakiris Rigas
Published: June 2019

Trees often offer meaningful metaphors of and for society, connecting symbolically social and cultural life and creating specific bonds between nature and culture. We studied central squares and churchyard trees in the mountainous villages of Epirus, NW Greece, recording tree species and measuring their characteristics in the field, using also ethno-ecological tools for valuing their importance in the local community. The most common trees are monumental oriental plane trees (Platanus orientalis L.) which provide a focal point for community life and serve locally as symbols of community origin, reunion and inter-generational continuity. Such plane trees are also highly appreciated nationally for their aesthetic qualities and historical value. Recognition of the conservation importance of monumental trees should be a high priority, so as to secure the future of emblematic trees and the cultural landscapes they create, especially as invasive pathogens are spreading worldwide threatening their existence.
Objects of Small Sacral Architecture and Landscape – Case Study of the Commune of Žirany
Authors: Fusková Veronika , Fuska Jakub
Published: June 2019

This study aims to analyse existence, technical condition, origin and history of objects of small sacral architecture in the area of the Tribeč Mountains, specifically as a case study in the commune of Žirany. It defines different types of objects, mostly small chapels and crosses and specific phenomenon of small boxes with sculpture of saints installed on the front facades of residential houses. The study also focuses on the relation between small sacral architecture and existence of elements of greenery. As a result, the work presents a detailed description of the individual mapped elements and an overview map showing the objects in the cadastral area of Žirany.
A Public Fabric Database for Defect Detection Methods and Results
Authors: Silvestre-Blanes Javier , Albero-Albero Teresa , Miralles Ignacio , Pérez-Llorens Rubén , Moreno Jorge
Published: June 2019

The use of image processing for the detection and classification of defects has been a reality for some time in science and industry. New methods are continually being presented to improve every aspect of this process. However, these new approaches are applied to a small, private collection of images, which makes a real comparative study of these methods very difficult. The objective of this paper was to compile a public annotated benchmark, that is, an extensive set of images with and without defects, and make these public, to enable the direct comparison of detection and classification methods. Moreover, different methods are reviewed and one of these is applied to the set of images; the results of which are also presented in this paper.
Seed Shape Quantification in the Malvaceae Reveals Cardioid-Shaped Seeds Predominantly in Herbs
Authors: Martín Gómez José Javier , Gutiérrez del Pozo Diego , Cervantes Emilio
Published: June 2019

Seed shape in the Malvaceae and other families of the order Malvales was investigated. Seed shape was quantified by comparison with the cardioid. The J index is the percent similarity between both images, the seed and the cardioid, and similarity is considered in cases where the J index is over 90. Seed shape was analysed in 73 genera, and seeds resembling the cardioid were found in 10 genera, eight in the Malvaceae and two in the Bixaceae and Cistaceae. Seed shape was quantified by comparison with the cardioid in 105 species. A correlation was found between the values of the J index and plant form, with higher values of the J index in the seeds of herbs, intermediate – in bushes, and lower values in trees. The results suggest a relationship between seed shape and plant form, where seeds resembling the cardioid are associated with plants having small size.
Herbarium Data on Bryophytes from the Eastern Part of Lithuania (1934–1940) in the Context of Science History and Landscape Changes
Authors: Jukonienė Ilona , Subkaitė Monika , Ričkienė Aurika
Published: June 2019

The paper deals with bryophytes collected by Polish researchers from the mires in the eastern part of Lithuania in 1934–1940 and deposited at the Herbarium of W. Szafer Institute of Botany, Polish Academy of Sciences (KRAM). The collection provides data on bryophyte diversity and distribution patterns in the mires of Lithuania. The collection (868 specimens) was revised in 2016–2017. Almost 90% of all herbarium specimens were collected by Irena Dąbkowska. The specimens were identified by the collectors themselves or by Polish bryologist Zygmunt Czubiński; 254 specimens of the collection were not identified. After revision, a total of 112 bryophyte species were ascertained in the collection, two of these (Palustriella decipiens and Polytrichum swartzii) have not been reported to Lithuania before. The specimens were collected in 47 localities, the mires in nearly half of them at the moment are disturbed due to drainage or use for peat extraction. Information about the localities of rare species Hamatocaulis vernicosus, Meesia triquetra and Mesoptychia rutheana is valuable for the estimation of their population status.
Guidelines for Evaluation of Seed (Genetic) Sites of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants in Lithuania
Authors: Labokas Juozas , Karpavičienė Birutė
Published: June 2019

The aim of the study is to discuss and establish tentative guidelines for the original selection and evaluation of genetic sites for in situ conservation of medicinal and aromatic plant genetic resources in Lithuania and provide baseline recommendations for their management and monitoring. The methodology applied is largely based on the one used in crop wild relative conservation in situ. Three groups of criteria, including species, site and threat assessment, are used on a 5-point evaluation scale to evaluate genetic sites, with ‘5’ representing the highest quality or state and ‘1’ representing the lowest quality or state. Top ten criteria are selected out of more than twenty those discussed for the application in genetic site evaluation. Four of these pertain to target species: species number and cover abundance (20% weight), number of red-listed species (10%), number of cultivated/CWR species (10%), distinctive properties of populations (10%); two to site: area size (5%), protected area status (15%); and four to threat assessment: open site overgrowth with woody plant species (5%), mechanical damage of soil surface (5%), abundance of invasive non-native species (10%) and abundance of problematic native species (10%). Then, a weighted summing up is made to get an overall evaluation of a genetic site. For long-term conservation only sites scored not less than three points on average are recommended. An interpretation of final evaluation scores is also provided. Baseline recommendations for genetic site management focus on intervention measures, while those for monitoring – on periodicity of evaluation and some organizational aspects of implementation.
Agaricoid Fungi New to Novgorod Region, Russia
Authors: Kalinina Liudmila B.
Published: June 2019

Brief research history and new records of agaricoid basidiomycetes from Novgorod Region are provided. Twenty-three species of agaricoid fungi are reported for the first time from Novgorod Region, five species (Gamundia striatula, Mycena erubescens, Mycetinis querceus, Pholiotina brunnea, Sagaranella tylicolor) are new to the North West of European Russia, three species (Baeospora myriadophylla, Entoloma strigosissimum, Mycena renati) are threatened.
The role of sampling strategy on apparent temporal stability of soil moisture under subtropical hydroclimatic conditions
Authors: Gao Lei , Wang Yaji , Geris Josie , Hallett Paul D. , Peng Xinhua
Published: June 2019

Subtropical regions have clay-rich, weathered soils, and long dry periods followed by intense rainfall that produces large fluctuations in soil water content (SWC) and hydrological behavior. This complicates predictions of spatio-temporal dynamics, as datasets are typically collected at too coarse resolution and observations often represent a duration that is too short to capture temporal stability. The aim of the present study was to gain further insights into the role of temporal sampling scale on the observed temporal stability features of SWC order to aid the design of optimal SWC sampling strategies. This focused on both sampling frequency and total monitoring duration, as previous analyses have not considered both of these sampling aspects simultaneously. We collected relatively high resolution data of SWC (fortnightly over 3.5 years) for various soil depths and under contrasting crops (peanuts and citrus) at the red soil region of southeast China. The dataset was split into a three-year training period and a six-month evaluation period. Altogether 13 sampling frequencies (intervals ranging from 15 to 240 days) and eight monitoring duration periods (between three and 36 months) were derived from the training period to identify temporal stability features and the most time stable location (MTSL). The prediction accuracies of these MTSLs were tested using the independent evaluation data. Results showed that vegetation type did affect the spatio-temporal patterns of SWC, whereby the citrus site exhibited a stronger temporal variation and weaker temporal stability than the peanut site. However, the effects of both sampling frequency and observation duration were more pronounced, irrespective of the role of vegetation type or soil depth. With increasing sampling interval or decreasing monitoring duration, temporal stability of SWC was generally overestimated; by less than 10% when sampling interval increased from every 15 to 240 days and by up to 40% with duration decreasing from 36 to 3 months. Our results suggest that sampling strategies and trade-offs between sampling interval and duration should focus on capturing the main variability in hydro-climatological conditions. For subtropical conditions, we found that sampling once every 45 days over 24 months to be the minimum sampling strategy to ensure errors in SWC temporal stability of less than 10%.
Soil hydrophysical properties as affected by solid waste compost amendments: seasonal and short-term effects in an Ultisol
Authors: Leelamanie Dewpura A.L. , Manawardana Chinthani U.
Published: June 2019

Application of compost is known to improve the hydraulic characteristics of soils. The objective of this study was to examine the seasonal and short-term effects of solid waste compost amendments on selected hydrophysical properties of soil during dry and rainy seasons and to explore any negative impacts of municipal solid waste compost (MSWC) amendments on soil hydrophysical environment concerning Agriculture in low-country wet zone, Sri Lanka. Eight (T1–T8) MSWC and two (T9, T10) agricultural-based waste compost (AWC) samples were separately applied in the field in triplicates at 10 and 20 Mg ha−1 rates, with a control (T0). Field measurements (initial infiltration rate, I
i; steady state infiltration rate, I
SS; unsaturated hydraulic conductivity, k; sorptivity, S
W) were conducted and samples were collected (0–15 cm depth) for laboratory experiments (water entry value, h
we; potential water repellency: measured with water drop penetration time, WDPT) before starting (Measurement I) and in the middle of (Measurement II) the seasonal rainfall (respectively 5 and 10 weeks after the application of compost). The difference in the soil organic matter (SOM) content was not significant between the dry and rainy periods. All the soils were almost non-repellent (WDPT = <1–5 s). The h
we of all the samples were negative. In the Measurement I, the I
i of the T0 was about 40 cm h−1, while most treatments show comparatively lower values. The I
SS, S
W, and k of compost amended samples were either statistically similar, or showed significantly lower values compared with T0. It was clear that all the surface hydraulic properties examined in situ (I
i, I
SS, S
W) were higher in the Measurement I (before rainfall) than those observed in the Measurement II (after rainfall). Water potential differences in soils might have affected the surface hydrological properties such as S
W. However, water potential differences would not be the reason for weakened I
SS and k in the Measurement II. Disruption of aggregates, and other subsequent processes that would take place on the soil surface as well as in the soil matrix, such as particle rearrangements, clogging of pores, might be the reason for the weakened I
SS and k in the Measurement II. Considering the overall results of the present study, compost amendments seemed not to improve or accelerate but tend to suppress hydraulic properties of soil. No significant difference was observed between MSWC and AWC considering their effects on soil hydraulic properties. Application of composts can be considered helpful to slower the rapid leaching by decreasing the water movements into and within the soil.
Vibration Detection and Experiment of PMSM High Speed Grinding Motorized Spindle Based on Frequency Domain Technology
Authors: Cheng Mingke , Gao Feng , Li Yan
Published: June 2019

The spindle vibrations of the high-speed grinding motorized spindle largely determine the machining quality and precision. In order to accurately predict the spindle vibrations of the PMSM high-speed grinding motorized spindle, the vibration causes are explored and analyzed. The radial vibration, inclined vibration, and axial vibration model are established. The experimental modal analysis method is proposed to analyze the dynamic response of the spindle and to identify the modal parameters of the spindle structure. Thereafter, the frequency response function (FRF) is calculated by self-power spectrum and cross-power spectrum. It is transformed into the vibration spectrum analysis of the spindle. The least-square method is used to fit the radial trajectory of the spindle. This paper aims to propose double standard spheres for 5- DOF spindle vibrations used to detect the spindle vibrations. In the experiment, the method proposed in this paper can effectively and accurately determine the causes of the spindle vibrations. The spectrum analysis and the trajectory are common tools in the spindle vibration detection.
The therapeutic effect of cervical cerclage in pregnancy with cervical incompetence
Authors: Lehel Lészai , Levente Túrós János , Szilárd-Leó Kiss , Lujza-Katalin Bereczky , Katalin Nagy , Tamás Szabó , Béla Szabó
Published: June 2019

The shortening of the cervix, cervical incompetence or insufficiency that causes late miscarriage or preterm birth syndrome gives importance and clinical significance for the cervical cerclage or cervical stitch as treatment. Nowadays closure of the cervix with cerclage surgery is an effective way of preventing premature opening of the cervix, helping the pregnancy near due date, thus significantly reducing the risk of miscarriage and premature delivery.

The retrospective longitudinal cohort study is based on an examination of 164 pregnant woman who underwent cervical cerclage surgery at Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinic nr. I Târgu-Mureș, between 2000-2017. The McDonald’s method was used in every case that we have studied.

Cerclage surgery was performed in most cases in the second trimester. The results in the study reflect that in the majority of the cases, intervention is effective in preventing premature opening of the cervix. Most women are multipara and had multiple gestational pregnancy, which can also contribute to the weakening and early opening of the cervical closure system. In 66.5% of the cases, at least one abortion or miscarriage is present in the history of the disease, which may also lead to a weakening of the cervical closing function.

Following cerclage surgery, 11.6% abortion and 88.4% in childbirth occurred, and in most cases, intervention can effectively prevent second trimester abortion while reducing the risk of premature birth (65, 8% had no premature birth in our study).
Evolutionary psychology, economic freedom, trade and benevolence
Authors: Levendis John , Eckhardt Robert B. , Block Walter
Published: June 2019

Our thesis is that the reason many of us today are inclined toward socialism (explicit cooperation) and against laissez-faire capitalism (implicit cooperation) is because the first type of behavior was much more genetically beneficial during previous generations of our species. There is, however, a seemingly strong argument against this hypothesis: evidence from human prehistory indicates that trade (implicit cooperation) previously was widespread. How, then, can we be hard-wired in favor of socialism and against capitalism if our ancestors were engaged in market behavior in past millennia? Although trade which is self-centered and beneficial (presumably mutually beneficial to all parties in the exchange) did indeed appear hundreds of thousands of years ago, benevolence was established in our hard-wiring very substantially earlier, literally hundreds of millions of years ago, and is therefore far more deeply integrated into the human psyche.
Output gap in the Czech economy: DSGE approach
Authors: Bechný Jakub
Published: June 2019

This paper presents three measures of the output gap estimated by a dynamic stochastic general equilibrium model of the Czech economy. We argue that the most plausible description of the business cycle provides the output gap defined as a deviation from a flexible price level of output, which is generated solely by permanent growth shocks. Our model shows that 2006-2008 overheating of the economy and the following 2008-2009 slump can be largely attributed to development in a world economy and export and import sectors, while the 2012-2013 recession was caused mainly by a combination of adverse domestic demand and cost shocks.
Traffic Flow Variables Estimation: An Automated Procedure Based on Moving Observer Method. Potential Application for Autonomous Vehicles
Authors: Guerrieri Marco , Parla Giuseppe , Mauro Raffaele
Published: June 2019

The estimation of traffic flow variables (flow, space mean speed and density) plays a fundamental role in highways planning and designing, as well as in traffic control strategies. Moving Observer Method (MOM) allows traffic surveys in a road, or in a road network. This paper proposes a novel automated procedure, called MOM-AP based on Moving Observer Method and Digital Image Processing (DIP) Technique able to automatically detect (without human observers) and calculate flow q, space mean speed vs and density k in case of stationary and homogeneous traffic conditions.

In order to evaluate how reliable is the MOM-AP, an experiment has been carried out in a segment of one two-lane single carriageway road, in Italy. 30 datasets for the segment have been collected (in total 30 round trips). A comparative analysis between MOM-AP and traditional MOM has been carried out. First results show that the current MOM-AP algorithms underestimate the local mean flow variable values of around 10%. Nowadays MOM-AP may be implemented in smartphone apps. Instead, in the near future, it is realistic expecting the increase in the use of automated procedures for calculating the traffic flow variables (based on the “moving observer method”), due to the amount of sensors and digital cameras employed in the new autonomous vehicles (AVs). Considering such technical advances, the MOM-AP is a feasible model for real-time traffic analyses of road networks.
Metamodelling of Inventory-Control Simulations Based on a Multilayer Perceptron
Authors: Jackson Ilya , Tolujevs Jurijs , Lang Sebastian , Kegenbekov Zhandos
Published: June 2019

Inventory control problems arise in various industries, and each single real-world inventory is replete with non-standard factors and subtleties. Practical stochastic inventory control problems are often analytically intractable, because of their complexity. In this regard, simulation-optimization is becoming more and more popular tool for solving complicated business-driven problems. Unfortunately, simulation, especially detailed, is both time and memory consuming. In the light of this fact, it may be more reasonable to use an alternative cheaper-to-compute metamodel, which is specifically designed in order to approximate an original simulation. In this research we discus metamodelling of stochastic multiproduct inventory control system with perishable products using a multilayer perceptron with a rectified linear unit as an activation function.
Potential Effects of Automated Vehicles on Road Transportation: A Literature Review
Authors: Beza Abebe Dress , Zefreh Mohammad Maghrour
Published: June 2019

Automated vehicles (AVs) are one of the emerging technologies that can perform the driving task themselves. The market penetration of AVs is expected to get growth in the close future. Therefore, it is crucial to have an overall clue on how they play the role in the road transportation sector. Automation might be assumed to have a beneficial impact on many aspects related to road transportation. The current paper attempts to investigate this rough assumption by reviewing the literature on the potential effects of automated vehicles on road transportation. A comprehensive look at the overall potential effects of automated vehicles will show the entire picture, and not just a cropped portion of that, to the researchers, decision makers, and practitioners and helps them to identify the negative and positive effects as well as challenges and uncertainties towards this new technology. In this paper, literature findings on the potential effects of automated vehicles on traffic flow, pedestrians mobility, travel demand and travel pattern, safety and security, and energy consumption and emissions are reviewed and discussed. According to the literature, it is concluded that AVs, as their market penetration increases, promisingly improve the capacity of a road network, eliminates human driver errors, and provide better mobility for groups of people who are currently facing travel-restriction conditions. However, the long-term effects of AVs especially on energy consumption, emission, pedestrian interaction, safety and security has uncertainty due to the complexity of predicting the future mobility pattern.
Colour fastness of screen printed polyamide knitwear to chlorinated water
Authors:   University of Banja Luka, Faculty of Technology, Graphic engineering, Banja Luka,Bosnia and Herzegovina, Vujčić Đorđe
Published: June 2019

Two polyamide knitwear used in the production of swimwear were analysed. This paper examines the water retention value, the water absorption value and the colour difference after the repeated exposure of the polyamide knit-ted fabrics, printed with screen printing technique, to the chlorinated water. Screen printing of the samples results in an increase of the water retention value and reduction of the water absorption value for both materials. The colour difference after the series of exposures to the chlorinated water (ΔE) showed that the trend is the same for all reproduced colours (CMYK), i.e. that the increase in the number of exposures to the chlorinated water results in the increase of the difference between the reproduced colours, for both materials.
PANCASILA DI ERA PASKA IDEOLOGI
Authors: Dwi Putro Widodo
Published: June 2019

It is considered axiomatic that Pancasila has been accepted as State ideology (formally and final) and in addition been perceived as the ultimate source of all legal sources. But this acceptance as axiom leads to the fact that Pancasila has almost never been reflected upon. This said in consideration that the basis for this ideology, the contemporary society tends to be suspicious of ideology or grand narratives.  This article, as a reflective-critical analysis, shall discuss how Pancasila is understood by the Indonesian post ideological society. The critiques put forward is meant to offer an alternative value transformation for a society disillusioned by grand narratives.