bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Bag-of-Phrases (BoPh) and sentiment analysis of Arabic text in Twitter
Authors: Alshammari Hamoud H
Published: November 2020

Background/Objectives: Sentiment analysis plays main role in various text mining problems. Although, the Arabic text mining is important especially in the field of sentiment analysis, there is a paucity of research in it, especially, when it plays an important role in different issues in Arabic countries. Arabic language has many dialects that people use to express their feelings in social media. The objective of this study is to perform an experiment that follow the subjective opinion from the text. Subjective Analysis is one way that we can implement to improve the accuracy of the sentiment results in such texts in some dialects, that hide various meanings behind the words such as Saudi dialect. Methods/Statistical analysis: In this study, we manually annotated more than 8,000 tweets to have training and testing data sets with positive or negative words and phrases. Then we proposed a “Bag of Phrases” methodology to analyze the sentiments in the texts, which helped to improve the performance of sentiment analysis. Since using bag of words method is not enough in many cases, we applied a Naive Bayes algorithm to test our method. Findings: The results show that the accuracy of having True positive or True negative is about 84% comparing by using manual annotation process. The accuracy is calculated after taking into consideration the margin of error due to the manual annotation step and subjective interpretation of the texts by the annotators. Novelty/Applications: The novelty of the study is having more accurate training data set comparing with the other works in Saudi dialect for Arabic text, and proposing the BoPh concept.
Technology in action: Ascertaining the impact of cell phone calls on middle school students placed at risk of drop out
Authors: Rajput Naseem Hyder
Published: November 2020

Background/Objectives: Regular attendance at school is essential for allround development of students. The fundamental objective of this study was to utilize low-cost technology of cell phones to report to parents/guardians about the attendance of their children at schools and ascertain the impacts of cell phone calls on the attendance of Middle School students placed at risk of Drop out. Methods/Statistical analysis: This study was Experimental with a PretestPosttest Control Group by design and descriptive by purpose. The participants were 30 eight graders belonging to a Public Middle School of District Shaheed Benazirabad in Pakistan. These participants were then randomly assigned to Control and Experimental Groups (15 each). For intervention of making cell phone calls to parents/guardians to inform and ask them about the reason for the absence of their child, a teacher in each participating school was assigned this responsibility. The intervention lasted for 3 months. The data was analyzed using SPSS repeated measure t-test to calculate the significance of the impact of intervention. Findings: Results of the present study indicated that the attendance of Experimental Group on Posttest (75.07 %) was significantly higher than that on Pretest (62.87%). Novelty : This study utilizes existing technology available to almost everyone and bridges the parents and school administration to get the best outcome quickly; mobile-based intervention is simple and docile to regulate students’ performance at school level; it also improves the safety of the students.
Content of rehabilitation in the continuum of cancer care for patients in disease situations
Authors: Shmerkevich Alexandr B. , Krom Irina L. , Erugina Marina V. , Balakina Diana D.
Published: November 2020

Because of the optimization of the clinical and social prognosis of patients with cancer in recent decades, the possibility of incorporating rehabilitation in the continuum of cancer care is considered. Therefore, this study presents a comparative analysis of the quality of life among 427 working-age respondents with breast cancer in disease situations using the WHO QOL 100 questionnaire. Based on the results, a statistically significant decrease in the quality of life among the respondents in the physical and the level of independence spheres in the non-terminal situation of the disease was found, whereas in the group of incurable patients, a statistically significant decrease in the quality of life among the respondents in the physical, psychological, and level of independence spheres was found. Through the findings of this study, the rehabilitation of cancer patients in disease situations can be personified, and recommendations for improving the continuum of cancer care can be developed.
Arapça'da Didaktik Şiir Üzerine Bir İnceleme “el-Lâmiyyetu'l-ef'al Örneği"
Authors: AKÇAKOCA Yusuf
Published: November 2020

Öz
Geçmişten günümüze her toplumda farklı karakter ve şekillerde icra edilen şiir, Araplarda Cahiliye Devrinde ve İslam’ın ilk yıllarında zirvesini yaşıyordu. Özellikle birçok ilmin disiplin haline getirildiği Abbasi döneminde farklı ilimlerde çeşitli konuları ezberletme adı altında kaleme alınan, eski dönemde elfiyye, urcûze ve manzume gibi isimlerle anılan didaktik şiir tarzı günümüzde de kullanılmaktadır. His ve duygudan arındırılmış bilgi aktarımını ifade eden didaktik şiir tarzı, detaysız bilgileri içeren manzum eserlerdir. Daha çok ezberlenmesi kolay bir öğrenim metodu olduğu için geçmişten günümüze çeşitli eğitim sistemlerinde model olarak kullanılmıştır. Çalışmamıza ilham veren İbn Mâlik’e ait el-Lâmiyyetu’l-ef‘âl isimli eser, didaktik şiir türü ile sarf ilminde kaleme alınmış manzum eserlerden biridir. Bu eser 114 beyitten oluşmaktadır. İbn Mâlik bu eseri el-Elfiyye isimli meşhur nahiv manzumesine tetimme olarak kaleme almıştır. Arapların ilmî incelikleri ortaya koymak amacıyla kaleme aldığı üslûplardan biri olan Lâm kafiyesi ile kaleme alındığı için esere bu isim verilmiştir. Ayrıca eser, kurallı isim ve fiil vezinlerinden ziyade, şaz olan fiil vezinlerini ele almaktadır.
Mutahhari, Materyalizm ve Eleştirisi
Authors: ŞİMŞEK İsmail
Published: November 2020

İnsan doğası gereği düşünen, akleden, sorgulayan bir varlıktır. Bu anlamda varoluşu, kendisini anlamlandırmaya çalışmış sonuçta çeşitli düşünce yaklaşımları ortaya çıkmıştır. Bunlardan en geneli materyalizm ve idealizm yaklaşımıdır. Materyalizm kökeni Antik Yunan filozofu Demokritos’a dayandırılan sonrasında pozitivizm, ateizm gibi bir çok düşünce akımına neden olan bir paradigmadır. Biz bu çalışmada evreni anlama, anlamlandırma çabasının sonucu olarak ortaya çıkan materyalizm düşüncesini Mutahhari düşünceleri bağlamında ele alıp değerlendirdik.
85 yaş üstü hastalarda endoskopik retrograd kolanjiyopankreatografi’nin etkinliği ve güvenilirliği
Authors: KAPLAN Mustafa , ÖDEMİŞ Bülent , DİŞİBEYAZ Selçuk , GÖKBULUT Volkan , COŞKUN Orhan , AKSOY Adem
Published: November 2020

Giriş ve Amaç: Bu çalışmada 85 yaş üstü hastalarda endoskopik retrograd kolanjiyopankreatografinin endikasyonları, bulguları, başarısı ve komplikasyonları araştırıldı. Gereç ve Yöntem: Bu çalışmada 2015-2019 yılları arasında endoskopik retrograd kolanjiyopankreatografi yapılan hastaların kayıtları incelenmiş ve çalışma 85 yaş üzeri 289 hasta ile yapılmıştır. Bulgular: Çalışma 169 kadın (%58) ve 120 erkek (%42) olmak üzere toplam 289 hasta ile yapılmıştır. Hastaların ortalama yaşı 88 idi (85-108). Endoskopik retrograd kolanjiyopankreatografinin en sık endikasyonları izole karaciğer enzim yüksekliği (%39), kolanjit (%32) ve karaciğer enzim yüksekliği olmaksızın karın ağrısıydı (%21). Hastaların %66’sına yatırılarak, %87.2’sine sadece tek seans endoskopik retrograd kolanjiyopankreatografi yapılmıştı. Hastaların %28’inde divertikül mevcuttu ve %25’i sfinkterotomiliydi. Hastaların %99’u ilk seansta, tamamı ise ikinci seansta kanülize edildi. 241 hastada selektif (%83), 48 hastada precut (%16) yöntemi kullanıldı. En sık endoskopik retrograd kolanjiyopankreatografi bulguları koledok taşı (%71) ve malign biliyer darlıktı (%12). En sık görülen maligniteler ise pankreas kanseri (%38) ve kolanjiyokanserdi (%32). Taş çıkanlarda teknik başarı %99, malign hastalarda ise %100 idi. Çalışmamızda en sık görülen komplikasyonlar post-endoskopik retrograd kolanjiyopankreatografi pankreatiti (%5.8) ve kanama (%2) idi. Bir hastada tip 1 perforasyon gelişti ve hasta exitus oldu. Üç yıllık takipte mortalite oranı %26 iken 30 günlük mortalite oranı %8 olarak bulunmuştur. Sonuç: Eşlik eden kronik hastalıklara rağmen, 85 yaş ve üstü hastalarda endoskopik retrograd kolanjiyopankreatografi güvenli ve etkili bir tedavi yöntemidir.
Efectividad del vendaje neuromuscular en pacientes con retracción de la musculatura posterior
Authors: Rodríguez Castillo Francisco Javier , Campos-Torres Alberto Jesús , Rayo-Pérez Ana María , Chacón-Giráldez Fernando
Published: November 2020

Objetivos: los objetivos de este trabajo son validar el vendaje neuromuscular como terapia en pacientes con retracción de la musculatura posterior y valorar tano una posible variación del centro de gravedad como en la flexión dorsal de tobillo.Material y métodos: estudio observacional, transversal, prospectivo y multicéntrico en el que se seleccionó una muestra de 21 sujetos atendidos de forma consecutiva a los que se les realizó un estudio mediante goniometría y baropodometría con y sin vendaje neuromuscular.Resultados: 21 pacientes (8 mujeres y 13 hombres) muestran una flexión dorsal de tobillo con diferencias estadísticamente significativas tras la terapia, ya que se consiguió aumentar una media de 3,09 ± 2.23° con la rodilla extendida (p = 0.00005) y 2.24 ± 2.59° con la rodilla flexionada (p = 0,001) en una pierna y 2.91 ± 3.25° (p = 0.002) y 2.71 ± 2.81° (p = 0.0005) con la rodilla extendida y flexionada respectivamente en la otra. Asimismo, el test de Lunge también mostró un aumento articular promedio de 2.76 ± 2.84 centímetros (p = 0.0005) en la pierna derecha y de 2.67 ± 3.18 (p = 0.003) centímetros en la pierna izquierda.Conclusiones: el vendaje neuromuscular muestra evidencia científica en su aplicación en pacientes con retracción de la musculatura posterior. La posición del centro de gravedad varía tras el uso de esta terapia, aunque no de forma significativa, y se puede obtener un aumento de la flexión dorsal de tobillo de hasta 3° de media aproximadamente.
FUNCTION AND MECHANISM OF ANGIOTENSIN-CONVERTING ENZYME-2 RECEPTOR TO TRANSPORT SARS-COV-2 INTO THE HOST CELLS―A REVIEW
Authors:   School of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaian 223003, China., Bilal Muhammad , Sarfaraz Muhammad Iqbal ,   Department of Biotechnology, School of Applied Biology, University of Okara, Pakistan., Husnain Muhammad Iqbal ,   Department of Orthotics and Prosthetics, Government College University Faisalabad, Pakistan., Sardar Nimra ,   Department of Molecular Biology, School of Applied Biology, University of Okara, Pakistan., Akmal Wajiha ,   Department of Molecular Biology, School of Applied Biology, University of Okara, Pakistan., Sultan Rabia ,   Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Okara, Pakistan., Qamar Sarmad Ahmad ,   Department of Biochemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
Published: November 2020

Novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) has rapidly spread across the world. SARS-CoV-2 is viewed as a continuous global health threat resulting in an alarming number of fatalities worldwide. Angiotensin-converting enzyme-2 (ACE2) has been recognized as one of the vital receptors for the SARS-CoV-2, leading to viral entry into the host cells. It also helps many other receptors, which initiate the entry of SARS-CoV-2 in the host body. A variety of proteins and enzymes are involved in triggering the transport mechanism. The route of viral infection depends on the distribution and expression of receptors, as the virus reaches the cell by binding to cell receptors to complete intracellular replication, virus release, and cause cytotoxicity. In addition to alveolar lung tissues, ACE2 also plays a pivotal role in other organs. Due to the abundant presence in lung cells, SARS-CoV-2 mostly affects the lungs and causes their destruction. The spike protein utilizes the digestion of ACE2, which strongly contributes to the pathogenesis of severe lung failure. Different experiments show that ACE2 not only helps the virus to migrate in the host cell but also allow us to fight against this pandemic disease. This review article summarizes the current progress that highlights the critical biological functionalities and mechanisms of ACE2 as the novel receptor to transport SARS-CoV-2 into host cells matrix.
THE INVENTION OF CANDIDATE COMPOUNDS FROM STRYCHNINE BUSH, PINEAPPLE AND GINGER AS THE MAIN PROTEASE RECEPTOR INHIBITOR OF COVID-19 VIRUS
Authors:   Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Pancasila, Jakarta, Indonesia, Yantih Novi , Erlina Linda ,   Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia, Mulatsari Esti ,   Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Pancasila, Jakarta, Indonesia, Sumaryono Wahono ,   Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Pancasila, Jakarta, Indonesia
Published: November 2020

The emerging coronavirus, Covid-19, has become a worldwide pandemic. The existence of the Covid-19 virus pandemic in the world demands the need to identify and characterize new drug candidates to address the health problem caused by the Covid-19 virus. This study aims to find candidate compounds from strychnine bush (Strychnos lucida), pineapple (Ananas comosus), and ginger (Zingiber officinale) acting as the Mpro receptor inhibitor on Covid-19 virus based on docking modeling. The docking process is carried out using a protein with the pdb code 6LU7, a crystal main protein protease (Mpro) of the Covid-19 which binds to the N3 molecule as an inhibitor based on computational tests. The docking process is conducted using N3 comparison, favipiravir, active metabolite remdesivir, and hydroxychloroquine. The docking result shows that the compounds, ananas 26, zingiberenol, and zingiberol have lower docking energy compared to native ligand (N3), favipiravir, active metabolite remdesivir, and hydroxychloroquine. Ananas 26 compound has the most hydrogen bonds with the Mpro active amino acid residue of the Covid-19 virus, namely: HIS163, ASN142, ASP187, TYR54, and HIS41. This makes Ananas 26 more stable in binding pocket enzymes and more effective in inhibiting enzyme performance than other compounds and positive controls. Potential candidate compounds as SARS-CoV-2 Main Protease inhibitors, ananas 26 from pineapple and zingiberenol as well as zingiberol from ginger, can then undergo potential inhibitor tests by in vitro and in vivo methods on SARS-CoV-2.
Accuracy of ultrasonography and color Doppler in diagnosis of ovarian masses and its correlation with histopathological findings
Authors: Ghazal Kariman , Hasan Jihad El , Hijasi Hanine , Koulaima Ev
Published: November 2020

Background: Ovarian cancer is often diagnosed in advanced stages due to the absence of specific symptoms. Yet, there are no reliable screening tests for ovarian malignancies. However, improvements in imaging techniques such as ultrasonography and color Doppler increased the probability of early detection. The purpose of this study was to compare between the ultrasonographic and color Doppler findings of ovarian masses with their histopathological diagnosis.Methods: A retrospective review was performed on patients between January 2017 and January 2020 diagnosed to have an ovarian mass. The eligible patients were subsequently divided into 2 groups: group A included patients who had abdominal and vaginal ultrasound in order to assess the morphology of the ovarian neoformation, and group B included patients whose ovarian masses were evaluated by color Doppler in addition to transabdominal ultrasound in order to identify their vascularization as well as their morphology.Results: A total of 74 patients were included in the study with 42 patients in group A and 32 patients in group B. Of the 42 adnexal masses studied in group A, 8 (19.0%) were malignant, 33 (78.6%) were benign and 1 (2.4%) was borderline. Ultrasound had a sensitivity of 89.0%, a specificity of 100.0%, a positive predictive value (PPV) of 100.0%, a negative predictive value (NPV) of 97.0% and accuracy of 97.0%.  On the other hand, of the 32 masses examined in Group B, 7 (21.9%) were malignant, 23 (71.9%) were benign and 2 (6.3%) were borderline. Color doppler had a sensitivity of 55.6%, a specificity of 95.5%, a PPV of 83.0%, a NPV of 84.0% and accuracy of 84.0%. When using color Doppler in addition to morphology score, the sensitivity was 100.0%, specificity 95.5%, PPV 90.0%, NPV 100.0% and accuracy 96.6%.Conclusions: Ultrasound combined to color Doppler improves the diagnosis of ovarian tumors with accurately detecting malignant from benign ones
Retrospective study of maternal and neonatal outcome in second stage lower segment caesarean section in a tertiary hospital
Authors: Sailakshmi M. P. A. , S. Vidhyadhare G.
Published: November 2020

Background: Caesarean section at second stage are increasing and are associated with significant maternal morbidity. The overall caesarean section rates are also increasing from last two decades.Methods: A retrospective study conducted in Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Raja Rajeswari Medical College and Hospital, Bangalore from January 2018 to July 2019. Second stage LSCS were analysed in terms of indications, intraoperative and post-operative complications, neonatal morbidity.Results: In our hospital during study period there were 2639 deliveries and total number of LSCS 1146 (43.42%) and caesarean section rate was 35-45% and second stage LSCS 60 (5.23%).Conclusions: Second stage LSCS associated with more number of maternal and neonatal morbidity. Adequate clinical exposure and appropriate training are essential for safe performance in second stage LSCS.
Prevalence and assessment of the risk factors of stress urinary incontinence in gynaecology out patients in a tertiary care centre
Authors: Bora Ananya , Gupta Alka S.
Published: November 2020

Background: Stress urinary incontinence (SUI) is the complaint of involuntary leakage of urine during increased abdominal pressure in the absence of detrusor contraction. Although not a life-threatening condition, stress urinary incontinence causes various physical, psychological, and sexual problems for millions of women and their families. Although these conditions are highly prevalent, they are not often reported by patients. This was the reason for the study; to find out the prevalence and the associated risk factors.Methods: A total of 400 patients presenting in the gynaecology outpatient department with various complaints were studied. A detailed history was taken, and examination was done. Urine microscopy and culture studies were done and whenever found positive; the infection was treated. Bonney’s test was done on full bladder.Results: Stress urinary incontinence was diagnosed in 41 (10.30%) of the women. The most common co morbidity was found to be tuberculosis and other lung diseases. Among the study population, 4% of women had culture positive urinary tract infection.Conclusions: Stress urinary incontinence was seen in 10.30% of the study population. It was seen more commonly among the elderly. Urine routine and microscopy was done for all patients complaining of leakage of urine or any other urinary complaints.
Oligohydramnios and its perinatal outcome
Authors: Saxena Rita , Patel Brinda , Verma Anjana
Published: November 2020

Background: Oligohydramnios is one of the major causes of perinatal morbidity and mortality. The sonographic diagnosis of oligohydramnios is usually based on an AFI≤5 cm or on a single deepest pocket of amniotic fluid≤2 cm3. Our study was aimed to study the perinatal outcome in oligohydramnios. Aim and objective were to study obstetric risk factors associated with oligohydramnios and maternal outcome in the form of mode of delivery, and to assess neonatal complications in terms of APGAR score at birth, NICU admission rates, meconium stained liquor and still birth rates.Methods: It was an Observational, Prospective, clinical study of 100 pregnant patients diagnosed with oligohydramnios by ultrasound, carried out in Geetanjali medical college and hospital, Udaipur for period of from January 2020-August 2020. The study was conducted after ethical clearance and with informed consent. Detailed history on demographic profile, medical illness, obstetric history and antenatal complication if any in the present pregnancy; general examination, obstetric examination and bimanual examination were performed meticulously.Results: In our study 53% cases of oligohydramnios were associated with some of the risk factors like PIH (29%), IUGR (22%), fetal anomaly (1%), systemic maternal disease (1%) and 47% of the cases were Idiopathic. LSCS was done in 85.71% cases with AFI<5 cm. Low birth weight was found in 51.43% cases with AFI<5 cm. NICU admission was required for 28.57% cases with AFI<5 cm.Conclusions: AFI is an important and convenient screening test for prediction of perinatal outcome. In presence of oligohydramnios, the risk of fetal distress, operative delivery, low Apgar score, low birth weight, perinatal morbidity and mortality are more. Hence early detection of oligohydramnios, associated antenatal risk factors and timely management can improve the maternal and fetal outcome.
On the fringe of COVID-19: our experience in Joseph Hospitals
Authors: Balamurugan Vasanthi , Joseph Kurian , Kurian Rekha , Joseph Tarun
Published: November 2020

Background: The coronavirus pandemic is an ongoing pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). There is no evidence that pregnant women are more likely to get seriously ill from coronavirus but pregnant women have been included in the list of people at moderate risk (clinically vulnerable) as a precaution. The aim of the study was to determine the incidence of COVID positive cases and its management.Methods: This is a prospective observational study done in the Department of OBGYN, Joseph hospitals, Chennai, Tamil Nadu over a period of 4 months (April-July 2020).Results: Over the month of April and May, among the tested population none had positive result. But in the month of June and July, we had 6.3% and 8.2% of patients tested positive among the population due to universal screening.Conclusions: This study highlights the difficulty in small hospitals to allocate the resources, handle the patient and importantly protect the staff. These are difficult times and the private hospitals must come forward to help the government set up in handling the cases on “the fringe of COVID”.
Comparison of diagnostic accuracy of hysteroscopy and ultrasonography in relation to histopathology in cases of postmenopausal bleeding
Authors: Pandher Dilpreet K. , Sehgal Alka , Bhagat Ranjeev , Goel Poonam
Published: November 2020

Background: To evaluate the role of hysteroscopy and ultrasound in relation to histological findings in patients of postmenopausal bleeding and to find out the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive, negative predictive values and accuracy of ultrasound and hysteroscopy.Methods: A retrospective analysis of the 30 women who underwent hysteroscopic evaluation out of total 103 patients of postmenopausal bleeding over the period of one year (August 2017 and July 2018) was done. Records were taken out to collect the relevant information. USG and hysteroscopic findings were correlated with histopathology for the comparative analysis.Results: Indications of hysteroscopy cases were suspected polyp (5), fractional curettage (F/C) technically not feasible (7), inconclusive USG reports (5), recurrent bleeding with normal fractional curettage report (4), no tissue on F/C (1), removal of intra-uterine contraceptive device (1). Causes of postmenopausal uterine bleeding were found to be atrophic endometrium including one case of senile cystic atrophy (33.3%), secretory endometrium and endometrial polyps (23.3% each) and endometrial malignancy (20.0%) cases. Overall sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and accuracy values of USG in various endometrial conditions was found to be 57.1%, 85.2%, 55.1%, 86.2% and 78.5% respectively and for hysteroscopy was 87.1%, 97.5%, 90.0%, 96.7% and 95.3% respectively.Conclusions: Hysteroscopy is a minimally invasive, safe and effective modality with least complications and morbidity rate and an ideal method for establishing the pathology as well as offering therapeutic intervention simultaneously.
5-year experience with vulval lesions in a tertiary care hospital: series of 115 cases
Authors: Bhat Ritu , Kolte Sachin
Published: November 2020

Background: Wide range of vulval lesions have been described with similar modes of presentation. Benign and inflammatory lesions form the major chunk. Squamous cell carcinoma is the most reported malignant entity. Aim was to review the vulval lesions received in our departmentMethods: We studied the data from the archives of the Department of Pathology for a period of 5 years from January 2014 to December 2018 for vulval biopsies and specimens sent for histopathological examination. The final diagnoses were divided into non-neoplastic, neoplastic and non- specific.Results: Age of women ranged from 22 to 86 years (mean 54.3±3.6) with the maximum number of patients between 50 to 60 years of age. Most common form of clinical presentation was an itchy white elevated lesion on the vulva (72 cases, 62.6%). The most common site for the lesions was labia minora (90 cases, 78.2%). Non neoplastic lesions were seen in 53 cases and neoplastic lesions were seen in 52 cases. There were 28 (53.8%) benign lesions while 24 cases (46.1%) were malignant. Squamous cell carcinoma was the most frequently diagnosed form accounting for 20 cases (83.3%). Rare tumours like Malignant melanoma, Merkel cell carcinoma and Neuroendocrine carcinoma formed 16.6% (n=4). Seven cases were premalignant. Two cases had non-specific histologic diagnosis showing mild chronic inflammation.Conclusions: Previous studies have reported that non-neoplastic lesions form around 70% of cases. However, in our study we found that the non-neoplastic and neoplastic lesions form equal number of cases (46%) which may be attributed to increased awareness or geographical variation.
Community level barriers for cervical cancer screening in marginalized population
Authors: Vora Kranti , Saiyed Shahin , Joshi Rajendra , Natesan Senthil
Published: November 2020

Background: In India, cervical cancer is the second common cause of cancer deaths among women of reproductive age, with 469 million Indian women at risk. High risk human papillomavirus genotypes mainly 16 and 18 account of cervical cancer. The burden of cervical cancer can be reduced by regular screening of human papillomavirus (HPV). There is no specific national program for cervical cancer screening. Eligible women have limited knowledge of screening and also limited access to preventive screenings.Methods: The study was conducted in the slum areas of Ahmedabad city in Gujarat. 1088 women between 30-45 years of age were recruited in the study and 536 women consented to give cervical samples for DNA based HPV testing. We collected information regarding knowledge and practice for cervical cancer and HPV along with demographic data.Results: Lack of knowledge and practices around cervical cancer and screening among community women was found. There is a lack of awareness about the importance of preventive healthcare and near absence of evidence-based practices. Sociodemographic characteristics are important predictors of participation in the screening program.Conclusions: In the Indian context, HPV testing is a cost-effective option to prevent cervical cancer. The burden of cervical cancer is incredibly high. With increased ability to accurately detect, population level HPV testing would reduce the burden of cervical cancer and the ultimate cost per person would be minimal, due to the country’s large population. There is a need to develop policy to ensure participation of women in the HPV based cervical cancer screening programs.
Prevalence of pelvic floor dysfunction in women attending obstetrics and gynaecology OPD at PES Institute of Medical Sciences asnd Research, Kuppam
Authors: Gaddam Ramya , Gangadharan Keshav , Shivaraju Pradeep , Basappa Pavan Kumar
Published: November 2020

Background: Millions of women are affected with pelvic floor dysfunction globally. But when the literature was reviewed, studies assessing the prevalence of PFD (pelvic floor dysfunction) and related factors were limited in India. Hence the present study was undertaken to assess the prevalence of PFD.Methods: 300 women aged 18-70years attending Obstetrics and Gynaecology OPD at Kuppam were interviewed and details like age, number of children, mode of delivery, BMI, education, occupation as primary outcome variables and type of pelvic floor dysfunction as explanatory variable were collected using a semi structured questionnaire. Frequency and proportions were calculated for quantitative variables and Chi-square test was used for comparison of categorical variables. p-value of <0.05 was considered using SPSS (Version 22).Results: 58 out of 300 women had Pelvic floor dysfunction. Majority of them 52 (17.33%) had Pelvic organ prolapse. Among them 43 (74.14%) women were >45 years old, 38 (65.52%) women had 2 or 3 children, and 12 (20.69%) women had ≥4 children. 47 (81.03%) had vaginal delivery. 37 (63.79%) subjects had no schooling and 13 (22.41%) were unskilled workers. 36 (62.07%) participants BMI ranged between 25 to 34.99. Age, education, occupation, number of children, mode of delivery, BMI were found to be associated with increased incidence of pelvic floor dysfunction.Conclusions: In conclusion the study assessed high prevalence of pelvic floor dysfunction associated with vaginal delivery, increased age, number of children and BMI.
Aggressive angiomyxoma vulva
Authors: Jayaram Surya , Mayadevi Sarojini
Published: November 2020

Aggressive angiomyxoma is a mesenchymal tumour which is locally invasive and seen in women of reproductive age group. We present a case of 46-year-old post hysterectomy lady with swelling in left side of vulva.
Post-partum hypertriglyceridemia induced acute pancreatitis
Authors: Arya Mahima , Lalwani Sunita , Pore Gargee , Kakade Aniket
Published: November 2020

Gestational hypertriglyceridemia is well established but is considered an unusual cause of acute pancreatitis with a relatively low incidence. We hereby report a notable triad of hypertriglyceridemia, diabetic ketoacidosis and acute pancreatitis in a woman with 2 months of post-partum status delivered at a private hospital with known case of gestational diabetes mellitus. Presenting with acute abdomen with a surprise on table. Salmon pink coloured blood withdrawn in the vacutainer, turning lactescent post centrifugation. Her serum triglycerides level were 1750 mg/dl, random blood sugar of 870 mg/dl and total cholesterol of 978 mg/dl. Computerized tomography of abdomen was confirmatory of acute pancreatitis. Patient was treated aggressively with intravenous (IV) fluid resuscitation and IV insulin therapy as per diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) management protocol. She recovered well and was discharged on day 4.
Gossypiboma in a post caesarean patient: surgeon’s dilemma
Authors: Singh Sonia Balbir , Sinha Hemali H. , Jha Sangam
Published: November 2020

Gossypiboma or retained surgical sponge is a relatively common, but underreported event due to medico legal implications and the exact incidence in not known. The clinical presentation and the time of presentation is variable because of which the diagnosis may be challenging. A high degree of suspicion is required to reach the diagnosis. Gossypiboma can have catastrophic implications for patients and healthcare professionals. We present a case of a 23-year old patient with retained surgical mop after caesarean section, who came with complaints of fever and pain abdomen. The purpose of presenting this case is to sensitize the surgeons to always keep retained surgical items as their differential diagnosis in cases of post-operative abdominal pain or fever, to decrease the time between surgery and diagnosis so as to minimize the morbidity to patient. The World health organization (WHO) surgical safety checklist should be strictly adhered to.
A rare case of fallopian tube lymphangioma
Authors: Doddareddy Srikala , Manohar Shravya , Manohar Sumana
Published: November 2020

Lymphangioma of the fallopian tube is a very rare lesion, usually present as benign lesions of the lymphatic system. They are generally diagnosed incidentally, may be asymptomatic or present as a palpable abdominal mass. Lymphangiomas are usually seen in the head and neck region, intra-abdominal localisation is rare. A very limited number of cases of fallopian tube lymphangiomas have been reported. We present an extremely rare case of unilateral fallopian tube lymphangioma (right side) in a 32 year old parous lady who was presented to us with right lower abdominal pain. Clinically no significant findings were noted. CECT abdomen reported as a probable endometriotic cyst. On laparoscopy she was found to have a cystic lesion arising from the right fallopian tube. Patient underwent right salphingo-oophorectomy and histopathology reported as lymphangioma of the fallopian tube.
Utero-ovarian ligament fibroid-an unusual location of extrauterine fibroids
Authors: Saini Arunima , Gothwal Meenakshi , Singh Pratibha , Yadav Garima
Published: November 2020

Utero-ovarian ligament fibroids are among the rarest sites for extrauterine leiomyomas. Broad ligament fibroids are relatively common. They can be either asymptomatic or present with chronic pelvic pain and pressure symptoms. They can be confused with an ovarian mass, broad ligament cyst or a pedunculated fibroid. There are high chances of missing it clinically. Ultrasonography, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography scan are the imaging techniques used to diagnose such conditions, MRI being the most accurate in ruling out other broad ligament masses with suspected ovarian, tubal or isolated broad ligament cyst. Here is a rare case report of a pedunculated extrauterine leiomyoma with its origin in the utero-ovarian ligament.
Non-invasive prenatal testing: what an obstetrician needs to know
Authors: Mangla Mishu
Published: November 2020

No field in obstetrics has seen such fast advancement, as the field of prenatal screening and diagnosis. A wide variety of tests are available today, and this at times becomes confusing both for the patient and the treating doctor that which screening test would be best suited in the given circumstances. Non-invasive prenatal screening, with its numerous advantages is rapidly becoming the test of first choice, especially in the affording set of population.  Although, the test has a very high sensitivity and a very good positive predictive value, this too suffers from some disadvantages which should be clear to the obstetrician ordering the test. A good knowledge about the test, the ideal target population in which this should be offered as the primary screening tool and limitations of the test should be known to all practicing obstetricians and primary health care providers. The current review aims to provide a simplified and updated knowledge regarding non-invasive prenatal testing (NIPT), its major advantages and disadvantages and summarizes the role of ultrasound in patients with negative NIPT.
La actividad metalingüística en una tarea de escritura colaborativa en Educación Primaria
Authors: Aznárez-Mauleón Mónica , López-Flamarique Maite , García-del-Real Isabel
Published: November 2020

Diversos estudios destacan el valor de la actividad metalingüística que se genera en tareas de escritura colaborativa para el desarrollo de la competencia escrita del alumnado. Sin embargo, pocos la han analizado en el contexto educativo de primaria. Este artículo investiga el contenido de la actividad metalingüística que nueve parejas de 5º curso (10-11 años) generan en las fases de preescritura, escritura y revisión de la producción colaborativa de una fábula tras una intervención didáctica sobre este género textual. Para ello, se identificaron los episodios metalingüísticos generados en las interacciones orales, y se analizó su contenido y su frecuencia. Los resultados muestran que la mayor parte de los episodios se refiere a aspectos textuales y mecánicos, y que su contenido varía de acuerdo al objetivo propio de cada fase de la tarea: la organización textual en la fase de preescritura, y la corrección, meramente ortográfica, en la fase de revisión. Los resultados obtenidos se discuten en relación con los efectos de la intervención didáctica, de la madurez cognitiva del alumnado y del tipo de corrección habitual en la escuela. Finalmente, se ofrecen algunas recomendaciones didácticas.
Efecto de longitud silábica en español
Authors: Difalcis Micaela , Ferreres Aldo , Abusamra Valeria
Published: November 2020

Los modelos cognitivos de doble ruta de lectura apoyan la existencia de dos vías: la léxica que opera con palabras completas y permite el acceso directo desde la ortografía a la semántica y a la pronunciación; y la subléxica que funciona de manera analítica convirtiendo, mediante reglas de correspondencia, cada uno de los grafemas en el fonema correspondiente. Numerosas investigaciones concluyen que el efecto de longitud constituye un índice de gran utilidad para el estudio de los mecanismos que subyacen a la lectura. El objetivo del presente trabajo es estudiar el efecto de longitud a partir del análisis de los tiempos de reacción. Para esto, se evaluaron 84 estudiantes universitarios con una tarea de lectura en voz alta de palabras y no-palabras de distinta longitud. Se llevó a cabo un análisis por sujeto (F1) y un análisis por estímulo (F2) que arrojaron efecto de longitud estadísticamente significativo y, además, se observó una interacción significativa con el tipo de estímulo. Estos hallazgos constituyen evidencias convergentes con la asunción de la existencia de dos procedimientos de lectura en lenguas de ortografía transparente como el español.
adolescente como lector accidental de textos literarios
Authors: Rivera Jurado Paula , Romero Oliva Manuel Francisco
Published: November 2020

Este estudio pretende conocer los títulos que se incluyen en los hábitos de lectura de los estudiantes de 4º de ESO y averiguar qué clásicos de la literatura infantil y juvenil universal conocen para analizar. Finalmente, qué relación existe entre estos datos y la naturaleza de los distintos centros educativos de procedencia. Se ha seleccionado una muestra representativa de 647 alumnos, con valoración muestral d=0.05, que respondieron a un cuestionario para determinar los distintos perfiles lectores. Los resultados indican cuatro grupos lectores: no lectores, lectores accidentales, medios y habituales. Se comprueba de manera significativa que alumnos categorizados como no lectores y lectores accidentales de obras académicas concentran el mismo número de lecturas por placer que lectores habituales. Se demuestra que existe una base común de lecturas a todos los jóvenes que son títulos con gran calado en el mercado editorial. Se verifica que la mayoría de los centros concentran una población lectora accidental. Los resultados de la investigación ofrecen argumentos para defender la necesidad de itinerarios formativos donde se incluyan títulos del interés del alumnado junto con obras canónicas para una educación literaria.
Lecturas para la diversidad
Authors: Martínez-Ezquerro Aurora
Published: November 2020

La necesidad de una adecuada formación sobre la atención a la diversidad y sus posibilidades lectoras en las aulas de futuros maestros es una meta educativa y, por ende, social. El objetivo de la presente investigación se centra en conocer la preparación que los estudiantes poseen en relación con la diversidad y sus lecturas y, así, valorar el estado de la cuestión. Para abordar el trabajo propuesto, se acotan inicialmente los conceptos diversidad y atención a la diversidad; posteriormente, se muestra el estudio analítico realizado a 70 alumnos de cuarto del Grado en Educación Primaria (Universidad de La Rioja) durante tres cursos académicos. Esta exploración de corte cuantitativo ofrece los resultados de las variables correspondientes a medios de información, preferencias temáticas y elección de una lectura de atención a la diversidad para el aula. A partir de los datos recogidos, se extraen conclusiones que, de forma global, responden a la urgencia de una adecuada formación de la diversidad, máxime teniendo en cuenta que la red informática mundial es la más consultada ante cualquier necesidad de conocimiento -frente a otros canales importantes en ámbitos educativos- y que, como tal, cercena la visión del amplio abanico que conforma el tema en cuestión.
Reflections on the Teaching Mode of Simulated Courts in Universities
Authors: Ya Didi
Published: November 2020

As an important teaching method to help students apply knowledge to practical activities, mock courts can not only enable students to quickly improve their practical skills, but also help them to effectively increase their learning effectiveness during the process of internalizing knowledge. This article starts with the dilemma faced by the legal classroom teaching model of colleges and universities, and finds specific solutions in combination with the actual teaching. I hope that teachers can promote the high-quality development of classroom teaching activities in the process of continuous reflection.
A Preliminary Study on Improving the Teaching Quality of Chinese Language and Culture for International Students
Authors: Zhang Lingli
Published: November 2020

With the rapid development of my country's economy and the rapid advancement of its international status, the trend of learning Chinese language and culture has set off worldwide. Therefore, how to effectively improve the Chinese language level of foreign students coming to China has become a problem that many teachers need to solve. The author starts with the factors that affect the improvement of foreign students' Chinese proficiency, looking for teaching methods to ensure the rapid improvement of teaching quality, and hopes to provide references for other teachers.
Wędrowni pracownicy. Szkic o pracy migrantów
Authors: Romaniszyn Krystyna
Published: November 2020

Niniejszy artykuł jest szkicem o pracy w warunkach migracji pracowniczych. Punkt wyjścia i ramy tego szkicu wyznacza refleksja o pracy inspirowana przez dotyczące tej kwestii encykliki papieskie. Skupia się ona wokół następujących, kolejno podejmowanych w szkicu, zagadnieniach: praca jako wartość, praca jako obowiązek, praca jako społeczne tworzywo i spoiwo oraz ranga pracy.
Ewolucja roli polskich organizacji emigracyjnych po powstaniu styczniowym (do roku 1880)
Authors: Kiper Daniel
Published: November 2020

Niniejszy artykuł omawia zmieniające się funkcje organizacji polskich na emigracji po roku 1864. Po upadku powstania styczniowego dokonały się zasadnicze zmiany w sposobach organizowania się zbiorowości wychodźczych. Przestał w tym czasie dominować model organizacji politycznych i konspiracyjnych, w ich miejsce przywódcy emigracyjni zakładali towarzystwa samopomocowe, podatkowe, zawodowe, oświatowe i filantropijne. W każdym z krajów Europy Zachodniej proces rozwoju tych organizacji przebiegał jednak inaczej i był uzależniony od warunków ustrojowych i społecznych, w jakich przyszło żyć Polakom. Najbardziej dynamicznie rozwijały się towarzystwa w Niemczech i Szwajcarii, najtrudniej na Wyspach Brytyjskich. Osobno omówiono także rozwój organizacyjny towarzystw polskich w Stanach Zjednoczonych do roku 1880. Dotychczasowy stan badań nad tymi organizacjami może stanowić podstawę do wyodrębnienia nowego obszaru studiów nad emigracją polską drugiej połowy XIX wieku.
Islamic Tradition and Meanings of Modernity
Authors: Poljarevic Emin
Published: November 2020

The debate about the compatibility of modernity and (the) Islamic
tradition is, at this point, centuries old. This article analyzes some of
its most recent expressions. The guiding question here is one about the
meaning(s) of modernity and its impact on our general understanding of this
particular religious tradition. We are often led to believe that this
tradition is uniquely ill-equipped to absorb or make use of modernity’s
conceptual repertoire and its supposed liberating power. It therefore
follows that the proponents of Islam and of liberalism are at odds with each
other, primarily due to the assumption that they occupy different paradigms
of understanding, knowledge, and even of hopes and aspirations. This article
seeks to identify some elements of this, arguably erroneous, presumption by
presenting an overview of several oft-repeated arguments related to
modernity and Islamic ethics. Modernity, as it relates to shifting public
conceptions of freedom in Muslim-majority societies, has proven to have
tremendous mobilizing power. Social actors continuously contest such ideas
as freedom, religion, and related issues in the realm of civil society. One
such discursive shift underway is the ‘Arab Spring’, arguably one of the
strongest indicators of the ongoing process of modernity within Arab
societies on multiple levels – a process that is deeply unsettling and
entirely open-ended in terms of cultural and socio-political
outcomes.
Nordic Modernities
Authors: Marjanen Jani
Published: November 2020

Several recent books discuss issues of Nordic modernity. While Nordic
history often tends to emphasize the similarities between the five
countries, these recent books present the Nordic countries as less of a
unitary region that nonetheless lends itself to broader international
comparisons. Economic, cultural and political modernity come across as
processes that have not been predetermined, but rather are the result of
many competing visions and trajectories of the future. These processes have
been different in the five Nordic countries. At the same time, the
developments in different spheres of society were interwoven due to the
practice of comparison and exchange between key agents in politics, culture
and economy.
The evolving role of ribosomes in the regulation of protein synthesis
Authors: Gościńska Karolina , Topf Ulrike
Published: November 2020

Maintenance of the cellular homeostasis is firmly linked with protein synthesis. Therefore, it is tightly controlled at multiple levels. An advancement in quantitative techniques, mainly over the last decade, shed new light on the regulation of protein production, which pointed the ribosome as a new player. Ribosomes are macromolecular machines that synthesize polypeptide chains using mRNA as a template. The enormous complexity of ribosomes provides many possibilities of changes in their composition and consecutively in their target specificity. However, it is not clear how this specialization is enforced by the cell and which stimuli provoke that diversity. This review presents an overview of currently available knowledge about ribosome heterogeneity, focusing on changes in protein composition, and their role in the control of translation specificity. Importantly, besides the potential advantage of ribosome-mediated regulation of protein synthesis, its failure can play a crucial role in disease development.
Introduction
Authors: Gobbi Mary
Published: November 2020

Papers in this edition have considered the role of existing or new Tuning competences in aspects of governance. We must now question the extent to which the multi -faceted nature of the evolving trends in contemporary governance and self -governance are sufficiently included in our Tuning competences. Indeed, will it be timely post COVID to reappraise the very concepts of Governance itself? How can ‘evaluative’ governance occur in times of crisis when finding the time for analytical reflection is itself the challenge? Indeed, is there something to be learnt from models of ‘realistic/ pragmatic evaluation’?