bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Letramento Estatístico e o banco de dados Dollar Street: uma proposta para os Anos Iniciais do Ensino Fundamental
Authors: Buehring Roberta , Grando Regina Célia , Canavarro Ana Paula
Published: June 2021

Partimos do argumento de que o letramento estatístico é necessário para a inserção das pessoas na cultura letrada. Acreditamos que o letramento estatístico se desenvolve ao longo da vida, tendo início nos primeiros anos da escolaridade das crianças. Como professoras e formadoras de professores, a questão que perseguimos é como desenvolver o letramento estatístico de forma que as crianças sejam protagonistas frente aos dados e estabeleçam conexões entre os dados da realidade e suas vidas. Primeiramente, trazemos reflexões sobre letramento estatístico a luz de diversos autores e também o definimos como um lugar de fronteira pacífica, “letramento – estatística” em que convivem linguagens e culturas que se complementam. Em seguida, apresentamos o banco de dados interativo virtual Dollar Street, parte de sua ideologia e possibilidades de navegação. Depois, relatamos uma experiência de sala de aula com proposta de trabalho para um segundo ano do Ensino Fundamental usando esse banco de dados. As crianças evidenciam disposição de participar ativamente em investigação estatística, de natureza aberta, observando dados em contexto segundo os seus interesses, concretizando diferentes formas de classificar, e desenvolvendo o seu senso crítico, incluindo a percepção das limitações das amostras e das consequências sobre o que estas revelam, sobre quem representam. Isso é inferido por meio da análise dos diálogos que se estabelecem entre os participantes da experiência, em relação aos dados, bem como das suas maneiras de interpretar e lidar com os dados multivariados. Esse trabalho mostra que o letramento estatístico não é um ponto de chegada, mas um caminho trilhado de forma conectada com as linguagens escrita, oral e digital.
Conhecimentos de professores de Matemática ao ensinarem Estatística
Authors: Souza José Roberto de , Lopes Celi Espasandin
Published: June 2021

Este artigo decorre de uma dissertação de mestrado na qual se apresentou evidências sobre o conhecimento profissional de docentes de Matemática após participarem de um curso de extensão em Educação Estatística. A partir de extratos de suas narrativas, busca-se aqui responder à questão: quais indícios de aprendizagens docentes de professores de Matemática emergem em relação ao ensino de Estatística após a participação em um curso de extensão? O estudo realizado tomou as narrativas autobiográficas como método de pesquisa. Os resultados mostraram que os professores se apropriaram de conhecimento advindos do curso de extensão e conseguiram elaborar atividades e projetos adequados ao contexto educacional em que atuavam.
Desenvolvimento profissional de professores na construção colaborativa de sequências de ensino de Estatística
Authors: Santana Eurivalda , Almeida Nascimento Sandra Paula , Couto Maria Elizabete Souza
Published: June 2021

Este artigo tem como objetivo analisar elementos para o desenvolvimento profissional de professores que ensinam conceitos estatísticos nos anos iniciais, ao desenvolverem sequências de ensino, construídas de forma colaborativa num projeto em parceria Universidade com Escola Pública. A investigação está fundamentada em pressupostos teóricos sobre desenvolvimento profissional de professores evidenciadas por Day, Nóvoa, Tardif, Marcelo Garcia e Ponte. Essa pesquisa de abordagem qualitativa, acompanhou os professores durante os encontros formativos, em serviço, quando o grupo planejava as sequências e socializava suas reflexões, bem como no desenvolvimento das sequências em sala de aula. Foram planejadas e desenvolvidas duas sequências de ensino seguindo as fases do Ciclo Investigativo – Problema, Planejamento, Dados, Análise e Conclusão (PPDAC), nas quais foram trabalhados os conceitos de moda, gráficos e tabelas de distribuição de frequência. Os dados foram coletados a partir das narrativas dos professores, por meio de observações diretas, entrevista e das gravações de áudio e vídeo dos encontros formativos, bem como material produzido pelos estudantes. Os resultados indicam que é possível oportunizar experiências de aprendizagens no que se refere à prática do professor com a implementação do Ciclo Investigativo, por meio do planejamento das sequências de ensino no grupo colaborativo, nos processos de reflexão na prática e sobre a prática realizada e ao renovar e ampliar o Conhecimento Específico do professor. Essas experiências de aprendizagem reverberam positivamente para o desenvolvimento profissional do professor que ensina matemática (conceitos estatísticos) nos anos iniciais.
Expandindo as Fronteiras da Imaginação: Articulações entre Literatura Infantil e Probabilidade
Authors: Diniz Emilly , Felisberto de Carvalho José Ivanildo
Published: June 2021

O presente estudo analisou catálogos de obras literárias com objetivos de mapear e discutir literaturas infantis que envolvam noções conceituais sobre probabilidade.  Refletimos sobre o uso da Literatura Infantil como recurso nas aulas de matemática; além de discutir o ensino de Probabilidade nos anos iniciais do Ensino Fundamental. Esse estudo analisou catálogos de 21 editoras e identificou 12 livros de literatura infantil que apresentam potencialidades para o ensino de Probabilidade e Estatística; destes, identificamos que apenas 2 livros apresentaram conceitos de Probabilidade, são eles: Vamos adivinhar? (JEONG, 2010) e A aranha e a loja de balas (SO, 2011). Realizamos a exploração documental dos livros que apresentam conceitos probabilísticos, procedendo a leitura integral dos livros e investigando os conceitos de Probabilidade abordados, articulando com as contribuições teóricas sobre o ensino de Probabilidade. Esses livros apresentam narrativas envolventes, ilustrações cativantes e contextos probabilísticos pertinentes aos anos iniciais do Ensino Fundamental. Entretanto, ambos os livros apresentam diversas fragilidades conceituais sobre probabilidade, como por exemplo, representações que muitas vezes não caracterizam um correto espaço amostral, ou os diversos momentos em que as personagens tomam decisões a partir de adivinhações, opiniões ou gosto pessoal, não considerando a análise das chances pertinentes ao raciocínio probabilístico.
Chemical Analysis and Antioxidant Activity of Four Propolis Samples Collected from Different Regions of Lebanon
Authors: EL ALI Manal , JABER Ali , DORRA Zeinab , EL RIACHI Milad , IBRAHIM Ghassan , CHEBLE Edmond
Published: June 2021

Propolis samples were collected from four different regions of Lebanon characterized by high biodiversity and high honey production. The samples were analyzed for their total phenolic contents (TPC), total flavonoid contents (TFC), chemical profiles, and antioxidant activity. The TPC was determined using Folin-Ciocalteu method while the TFC using the AlCl3 method. The antioxidant activity of propolis was examined by two different methods, namely free radical scavenging assay and reducing ability. The chemical profiles of the samples were assessed by thin-layer chromatography (TLC), UV-Vis, and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry GC-MS analysis. Total phenolic content ranged from 53.35 ± 7.09 to 148.27 ± 15.08 mg GAE/g, total flavonoid content ranged from 45.73 ± 2.8 to 134.5 ± 8.46 mg RUE/g. GC/MS analysis revealed the presence of 9-octadecene and tetradecene as major compounds that have been previously reported to demonstrate antioxidant activity. In addition, Berqayel propolis sample showed high content of phenolic compounds and high antioxidant activity and contained mainly hydrocarbons, while samples from Wadi Faara recorded poor chromatograms with the absence of most of the compounds present in Berqayel samples. The majority of propolis samples showed relatively interesting antioxidant activity, which was also correlated with TPC and TFC. Our results provide additional evidence on the importance of the chemical composition of propolis and its usefulness in the pharmaceutical industry.
YÜKSELEN GÜÇ ÇİN HALK CUMHURİYETİ’NİN EKONOMİ POLİTİK STRATEJİSİ
Authors: YANTUR Pelin , İŞERİ Reyhan
Published: June 2021

ÖZET

1980’li yıllardan itibaren toplumların zaman - mekân algılamalarında ve dünyayı anlamlandırma süreçlerinde yaşanan değişimlerle birlikte küreselleşme olgusu ön plana çıkarken toplumlarda başta ekonomik olmak üzere siyasal, toplumsal ve kültürel değişimler meydana getirmiştir. Bu değişimle birlikte SSCB’nin de dağılmasıyla uluslararası sistemin iki kutupludan tek kutuplu bir sisteme dönüşmesinin yarattığı fırsattan yararlanan Çin Halk Cumhuriyeti, kendine özgü proaktif harekete geçiş tarzı ve yükselişi ile ekonomik, siyasi ve askeri alanda günden güne büyüme kaydetmektedir.

Bu çalışma ile Çin Halk Cumhuriyeti’nin kurulmasından günümüze kadar ki süreçte geçirdiği ekonomik ve siyasal evreler ışığında uluslararası ekonomi politiği perspektifinde konumu değerlendirilerek Çin’in “süper güç” olabilme kapasitesinin ortaya konması amaçlanmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Çin Halk Cumhuriyeti, Süper Güç, Uluslararası Ekonomi Politiği, Yükselen Güç, Corona

JEL Kodları: P0, F4
NÜFUSUN YAŞ YAPISI-EKONOMİK BÜYÜME İLİŞKİSİ; EN BÜYÜK 20 EKONOMİ ÖRNEĞİ
Authors: DEMİR Osman , ÖZKAYA Yavuz
Published: June 2021

Nüfusun 15-64 yaş grubu çalışan, 0-14 ve 65+ yaş grupları ise bağımlı nüfusu oluşturur. Toplam nüfus içinde çalışan nüfusun payı arttıkça büyüme oranını yukarı doğru itmesi, bağımlı nüfusun payı arttıkça büyüme oranını aşağı doğru çekmesi beklenir. Bu çalışmada en büyük 20 ekonominin 2000-2018 dönemi örneğinde panel veri analiziyle nüfusun yaş yapısı ile ekonomik büyüme ilişkisi test edilmiştir. Test sonuçları büyük ölçüde beklentiye uygun gerçekleşmiştir. Büyümeye en büyük katkıyı çalışma çağı nüfus yapmış, yaşlı nüfusun büyümeye katkısı ihmal edilebilir düzeyde kalmıştır. Bu durumun nüfusu ileri yaş grubunda yığılan gelişmiş ülkelerin büyümelerini yavaşlatıcı etki yaptığı sonucuna varılmıştır.
KULLANIMLAR VE DOYUMLAR YAKLAŞIMI ÇERÇEVESİNDE GÖZETİM TOPLUMU VE INSTAGRAM’DA GÖZETİM: INGRID BATIYA GİDİYOR FİLMİ ÖRNEĞİ
Authors: DİKME Hüseyin , SUCU İpek
Published: June 2021

Günümüzde yaygın olarak karşılaşılan olgulardan biri gözetim kavramıdır. Gözetim olgusu, eski dönemlerden itibaren iktidarlar güçlerinin halk üzerinde otorite kurma ve toplumdaki bireyler hakkında gerektiğinde kullandığı en büyük güçlerden biridir. Gelişen enformasyon çağında ise, gözetim olgusu etkileşimle birlikte dijital ortamlarda da karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Gözetim olgusu boyut değiştirerek çift taraflı bir gözetimle birlikte gözetimci toplumu beraberinde getirmiştir. Sosyal medya platformlarından biri olan instagramda karşılıklı gözetim durumu yoğun olarak görülmektedir. Bu çalışmada, literatür taraması kapsamında gözetim toplumu kavramı ve bu kavramın yeni medyanın doğuşuyla birlikte sosyal medyaya ulaşması ve Kullanımlar ve Doyumlar Yaklaşımı doğrultusunda instagram kullanımları bağlamında instagram kullanımından ele edilen kullanımlar ve doyumlara değinilecektir. Bu kapsamda çalışmada, “Ingrid Batıya Gidiyor” filmi örnek olarak incelenecektir.
YENİLENEBİLİR ENERJİ KAYNAKLARINDAN SAĞLANAN ELEKTRİK ENERJİSİ ÜRETİMİ VE EKONOMİK BÜYÜME İLE İLİŞKİSİ: YÜKSEK EMİSYON ETKİLİ Mİ?
Authors: KOYUNCU Tuğba , BEŞER Mustafa Kemal
Published: June 2021

Geleneksel enerji kaynaklarının rezervlerinin sınırlı olması ve çevre üzerinde olumsuz etkilere yol açması nedeniyle günümüzde yenilenebilir enerji kaynaklarının kullanımına oldukça önem verilmektedir. Bu nedenle yenilenebilir enerji kaynakları kullanımı 1990’lı yıllardan itibaren birçok araştırmacının çalışma alanı olmuştur. Bu çalışmanın amacı dünyada diğerlerine göre en yüksek karbondioksit salınımı yapan beş ülkenin (Çin, Hindistan, ABD, Japonya, Rusya) 1990-2015 dönemi için yenilenebilir enerji kaynaklarından üretilen elektrik enerjisi ile ekonomik büyüme arasındaki nedensel ilişkisini belirlemektir. Ampirik bulgular yenilenebilir enerji kaynaklarından üretilen elektrik enerjisi ile gayrisafi yurtiçi hasıla arasında Hindistan ve Rusya’da yansızlık hipotezinin geçerli olduğunu desteklemektedir. Sonuçlar Çin ve Japonya’da koruma hipotezinin geçerli olduğunu, ABD’de ise geribildirim hipotezinin geçerli olduğunu kanıtlamaktadır.
AVRUPA BİRLİĞİ SOSYAL POLİTİKASI; TARİHSEL GELİŞİM, TEMEL DİNAMİKLER VE GELECEĞE DAİR ÖNGÖRÜLER
Authors: KARAASLAN İlknur
Published: June 2021

Günümüzde Avrupa Birliği (AB) ülkelerinde uygulanan sosyal politikalar dünyanın diğer bölgelerinde uygulanan sosyal politikalardan daha ileri düzeydedir. Ancak son yirmi yılda bütün dünyada yaşanan gelişmeler doğrultusunda hızlı bir değişim süreci yaşanmaktadır. Doğal olarak AB ve Birliği oluşturan ülkeler de bu değişimden doğrudan ya da dolaylı olarak etkilenmektedir. Yaşanan değişimlerin etkisinin ne olacağı konusunda oldukça farklı söylem ve fikirler vardır. Bu durum, AB’nin mevcut sosyal politikasının ve yeni dinamiklerinin ister istemez tartışmaya açılmasına neden olmaktadır.

Başlangıçta ekonomik boyutu ön plana çıkan, daha sonra siyasal bir birleşme yaşayan Birlik, bugün ise teknolojik gelişmelere, sosyal değişime uyum sağlayacak ortak bir sosyal politika, yeni bir Avrupa Sosyal Modeli arayışındadır. Tüm dünyada olduğu gibi AB’de de güncel olarak tartışılan sosyal politika ile ilgili temel konular; fırsat eşitliği, istihdam, sosyal koruma ve ekonomik ve teknolojik gelişmelere bağlı olarak yeniden şekillenen çalışma hayatıdır.

Bu çalışmanın amacı, kuruluşundan itibaren AB’nin sosyal politikasının kronolojik olarak irdelenmesi, dünyada yaşanan sosyo-ekonomik ve teknolojik değişikliklerin etkileri doğrultusunda Birlik bünyesinde son zamanlarda yapılan zirve ve belgelerin incelenmesi ve bu çerçevede geleceğin AB sosyal politikasının nasıl şekilleneceğine dair durumun analiz edilmesidir.
FEN BİLGİSİ ÖĞRETMEN ADAYLARININ ŞİDDET İLE İLGİLİ DÜŞÜNCELERİ
Authors: ERTEN Sinan
Published: June 2021

Şiddet insanoğlunun yaratılışından bu yana varlığını sürdüren bir olgudur. Günümüzün en büyük toplumsal problemlerinin başında gelen şiddet kavramının bireyler tarafından nasıl tanımlandığı son derece önemlidir. Özellikle, gelecek nesilleri yetiştirecek öğretmenlerin şiddet kavramına yönelik bilgi ve görüşlerinin ne düzeyde olduğu önem arz etmektedir. Bu nedenle üniversitelerin fen bilgisi öğretmenliği lisans programında Cinsel Sağlık Bilgileri Eğitimi dersi kapsamında şiddet konusu yer almaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, fen bilgisi öğretmen adaylarının (üniversite öğrencilerinin) şiddet kavramına yönelik görüşlerini belirlemektir. Çalışma nitel araştırma desenlerinden olgu bilim çalışması şeklinde planlanmıştır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu İç Anadolu Bölgesindeki bir devlet üniversitesinin 48 öğrencisi oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubu kolay ulaşılabilir örnekleme metodu ile oluşturulmuştur. Araştırma sürecinde üniversite öğrencileri ile yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme yapılmıştır. Araştırma sonucuna göre, üniversite öğrencileri şiddeti “baskı kurmak veya üstünlük sağlamak için bir kimsenin başka bir kimseye verdiği fiziksel ve psikolojik zararlardır” şeklinde tanımlamıştır. Sınırlı sayıda öğrenci ile yapılan bu çalışma sonucunda, şiddet kavramına yönelik daha geniş katılımlı çalışmalara ağırlık verilmesi önerilmektedir.
CREATIVE MARKETING AS A TOOL OF INNOVATIVE DEVELOPMENT OF THE ECONOMY
Authors: Dembowska Barbara , Kalinichenko Olena , Poita Iryna
Published: June 2021

The article identifies the most important areas of development of creative marketing, which are the result of creative "imagination" of the marketer. In essence, this is the freedom to make a marketing decision based on market conditions, experience, knowledge, consumer behavior in each market segment. Thus, a great responsibility in this case lies with the marketer, who must have a non-standard thinking, the talent to creatively perceive the situation in the market and use them, as well as be able to choose a non-traditional marketing option that would immediately attract consumers, make them stay longer near this product or its advertising. This is the main difference between creative and traditional marketing - the ability to attract the attention of the buyer, to surprise him. The marketer must have a lateral thinking, which is to shift from traditional thinking, breaking the standard approaches to any particular idea, finding an original way to express it, creating something radically new. The article proposes a synthetic technology of innovation, which includes all components of the socio-economic system: society, economy and society and creates a sequence. It is proved that the use of a creative marketing approach is reflected in the product and its characteristics: novelty of the product, non-standard product, purposefulness in use, development. The article reveals the essence, advantages and disadvantages of implementing creative marketing strategies, including anticipation strategy and reactive strategy. Introduction and use of a creative approach to marketing activities of the enterprise is a key element of modern entrepreneurship, which plays a key role in achieving goals. The right combination of creative approach and pragmatic view is the key to the effective functioning of the enterprise in modern market conditions.
STUDENTS’ SELF-MANAGEMENT TECHNOLOGIES AS THE BASIS OF EFFECTIVE DISTANCE LEARNING
Authors: Kaschuck Kateryna
Published: June 2021

The urgency of the problem of distance education development is caused by the fact that in modern conditions the requirements for specialists are radically changing. At the same time, the central place is not the use of previously acquired knowledge, but the generation and implementation of new ideas, which dictates new requirements for training. In this regard, lifelong learning becomes increasingly necessary, acquires new forms and meanings. Today, advances in information technology and telecommunications allow the development of distance learning as a kind of continuing education that accompanies the information society, because it forms a comprehensively developed personality, able to navigate in the information environment.

The pandemic forced universities to switch to e-Learning in a force majeure mode, which served as a powerful impetus for the accelerated arming of universities with resources that allow them to effectively practice online and blended learning. In these conditions, it became possible to implement a student-centered educational paradigm. However, this is hindered by the problem of the student's lack of self-organization and self-motivation skills, the ability to take responsibility for their own learning and development. This problem is gaining more and more theoretical and practical importance. The purpose of the work is to substantiate that courses such as self-management and time management contribute to the formation of competencies in the field of goal-setting, planning, self-organization, self-control and self-motivation, and, therefore, in the context of the implementation of student-centered pagadigma, they should serve as preliminary study for e-Learning. For this, the article provides a review of the "Time Management" content course in relation to the task of developing proactivity and the student’s ability to systematically and productively independent work.
INNOVATIVE DEVELOPMENT OF THE COUNTRY AS A DETERMINING FACTOR OF INCREASING NATIONAL COMPETITIVENESS
Authors: Kovpaka Anastasiya
Published: June 2021

This publication is devoted to highlighting the problem of ensuring the appropriate level of national competitiveness and identifying ways to increase it in today's competitive market environment. In the context of the study, the main reasons for Ukraine's chronic lag in the system of international economic relations were identified, including: irrational use of the country's resource potential, high material consumption, energy-intensive economy, low efficiency of economic reforms, physical and moral depreciation, lack of sufficient funding for research and development, high unemployment and the progressive trend of emigration of scientists, unfavorable investment climate and others.

According to the main factors used by the world community in determining the growth of competitiveness of the economy, three groups of indicators were identified, which are the main competitive advantages in an unstable market economy, namely: factors of production, income and investment and innovation potential.

It was possible to analyze the indicators of the human development index and the level of competitiveness of the country on the basis of data from the International Institute for Development Management and the UNDP Report. Indicators of Ukraine in the ranking of innovative economies of the world helped to determine the main causes of technological backwardness of the country, based on which the main directions of innovation development were proposed: state support of science-intensive production, reorientation of raw materials orientation of Ukraine's exports to conduct innovative business.

Attracting investment in technology development and innovative development of enterprises, stimulating the production of high-tech products and compliance with quality standards are the most important steps towards the reorientation of Ukraine's economy to an innovative model of socio-economic growth.
IMPLEMENTATION OF QUALITY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM FOR PRODUCTS AND SERVICES IN UKRAINE
Authors: Nikolaienko Serhii , Vikarchuk Olga , Lewandowska Hanna
Published: June 2021

The problem stemming from the implementation of quality management system within enterprises is presented in this article. The quality of products is one of the most important criteria of enterprise’s performance. Thus, its improvement has significant impact on the growth of production efficiency and, therefore, economic growth. The functions of quality management system, such as quality planning, organizing work and encouraging employees to ensure product quality, monitoring and evaluating product quality and managing product quality, are discussed in this article.

Ten groups of product quality indicators are distinguished according to its characteristics. It is identified that controlling is an essential function in the quality management process. The following controlling types facilitate the process of controlling: input control, ongoing control, operational control, acceptance control and inspection control. Nevertheless, the most effective method of quality assurance is the quality management system based on the international standards of the ISO 9000 series.

Development of assessment indicators system for production performance and evaluation plays an important role in quality management. Based on the analysis of the indicators, it can be concluded that quality management is a coordinated management function related to the operation of the enterprise. Eight principles of quality management system are considered as well as factors which negatively influence the effectiveness and efficiency of the quality management system are identified in this article.
DEVELOPMENT OF THE INSTITUTIONAL COMPONENT OF THE INNOVATION SYSTEM: VALUABLE INTERNATIONAL EXPERIENCE AND DIRECTIONS OF IMPLEMENTATION IN UKRAINE
Authors: Soliar Viktoriia , Burdyka Anton , Pylypov Sergiy
Published: June 2021

The subject of scientific work is a set of theoretical and methodological issues of development of institutional support for innovation based on the analysis of modern experience of developed countries and the possibilities and directions of its application in the Ukrainian practice of financial and economic processes. The object of study is a system of institutions operating in the innovation sphere of the economy, taking into account the influence of incentives. The scientific novelty lies in the development of theoretical provisions and the development of recommendations of a practical nature for the development of a modern system of institutional support and stimulation of innovative development of economic entities. It is indicated that the level and results of innovation do not meet the needs of Ukraine's economy, do not provide economic growth. In this regard, the author proposes to improve the situation through the introduction of borrowed practices of the necessary institutional norms of highly developed countries, which will address a number of pressing issues. They concern both the reform of the existing domestic system of public administration and the formation of an institutional framework to support and stimulate innovative development in Ukraine in general. Institutional reform of the system of accumulation, dissemination of knowledge, their transformation into an innovative product and intellectual capital must take place, and vice versa. To do this, the article analyzes the concept of institutions and innovation, systematizes the list of institutions of innovative development and identifies features of modern changes in the institutional environment of the economy; the world experience is analyzed and the directions and measures of realization of institutional bases of stimulation of innovative activity are defined.
Impacts of COVID-19 on Airline Business: An Overview
Authors: Thepchalerm Teeris , Ho Phutawan
Published: June 2021

Objective – This article aims to preliminarily examine and summarize the impact of COVID-19 on airline business and
to briefly investigate how the airlines respond.
Methodology/Technique – The researchers synthesize data and information collected from industry organizations'
reports and related academic literature. A traditional narrative literature review was implemented to examine and
summarize the impacts of COVID-19 on the airline business.
Findings – The results show that COVID-19 has operational, market, and financial impacts on airline business. In
response to the COVID-19 situation, the airlines have updated their operational procedures and searched for alternative
revenue streams. The authors also provide suggestions for future research.
Novelty – COVID-19 is an emerging infectious disease. Very few scholars have conducted studies on the impacts of
COVID-19 on airline business. This article contributes to the academic literature by categorizing the impacts of
COVID-19 on airline business. Future studies can further investigate the impacts of COVID-19 on airline business
using this article as a starting point.
Type of Paper: Review.
JEL Classification: M10, R41.
Keywords: Airlines; COVID-19; Air Transport; Aviation; Infectious Disease
Trade Promotion from Thailand to China As A Result Of a New Train Route
Authors: wei Siyuan , Sukhotu Vatcharapol
Published: June 2021

Objective - This paper aims to analyse the impact of the China-Laos railway on export trade from China to Thailand. The paper analyses the advantages and disadvantages of the new route and other routes base on driven factors, identifies what trade industry is suitable for this new route and provides some reference for Thai trade exporters. This will enable Thai export traders to understand the new transportation route formed by the railway and improve the trade volume and competitiveness of Thai products through this route.

Methodology/Technique - Literature review method, secondary data method, in-depth interview method.

Findings - It is found that the new route formed after the completion of the China-Laos railway has many advantages base on driven factors and many industries are suitable for the use of this new route.

Novelty - Few people know much about the China-Laos railway, and even less about the analysis of its impact on Thailand's trade. The author's in-depth interview method allows him to get in touch with experts who are very relevant to the China-Laos railway, providing valuable insights.

Type of Paper - Empirical.

Keywords: Thai Products; Driving Factors; Route Selection; China-Laos Railway; In-depth Interviews; Secondary Data Method

JEL Classification: F16, F18, F19.
ANALISIS USAHA BUDIDAYA KEPITING BAKAU UNTUK MENINGKATKAN PENDAPATAN PEMBUDIDAYA TAMBAK DI KABUPATEN PANGKEP
Authors: Fardiyah Vivi Imrona , Tantu A. Gusti , Mulyani Sri
Published: June 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh penggunaan input produksi terhadap hasil produksi, juga mengestimasi tingkat efisiensi penggunaan input produksi pada budidaya penggemukan kepiting bakau di Kabupaten Pangkep. Pada penelitian ini, teknik pengambilan sampel adalah sensus, yaitu petani pembudidaya penggemukan kepiting sebagai responden. Analisis data menggunakan Stochastic Production Frontier yang penyelesaiannya dengan bantuan program LIMDEP versi 6. Hasil estimasi menunjukkan dengan menggunakan fungsi produksi frontier bahwa variabel bebas yang signifikan berpengaruh positif terhadap produksi kepiting adalah luas keramba, jumlah benih dan jumlah pakan.  Analisis terhadap Efisiensi Teknis (ET) rata-rata sebesar 0,94986. nilai tersebut dapat dikatakan sebagai prestasi atas kinerja penggunaan input produksi yang sangat memuaskan (mendekati 1), namun disisi lain kesempatan untuk melakukan pengembangan relatif sempit sehingga perlu upaya ekstensifikasi. Nilai R/C rasio sebesar 1,9516, artinya bahwa budidaya penggemukan kepiting bakau masih menguntungkan sehingga layak untuk dikembangkan.
His study aimed to analyze the effect of the use of inputs to production, also estimate the efficiency of use of production inputs in the cultivation of mangrove crab fattening in Pangkep. In this study, the sampling technique is the census that farmers crab fattening farmers as respondents. Analysis of data using Stochastic Production Frontier settlement with the help of the program LIMDEP version 6. The estimation results show using frontier production function that the independent variables were significant positive effect on the production of crab is spacious cages, seed number and amount of feed. Analysis of the Technical Efficiency (ET) by an average of 0.94986. The value can be regarded as the achievement of the performance use of production inputs very satisfying (approaching 1), but on the other hand the opportunity to develop a relatively narrow so that extending the necessary efforts. Rated R / C ratio of 1.9516, it means that the cultivation of mangrove crab fattening still profitable so as to develop.
PENINGKATAN PERTUMBUHAN DAN KECERAHAN WARNA IKAN MAS KOI CYPRINUS CARPIO DENGAN PEMANFAATAN TEPUNG WORTEL DALAM PAKAN
Authors: Budi Sutia , Mardiana Mardiana
Published: June 2021

Ikan Hias jenis ikan Mas Koi Cyprinus carpio memiliki daya tarik pada warna yang dimunculkan dari tubuhnya. Tepung Wortel memiliki pigmen karotenoid, asam askorbat, flavenoid, phenol asit dan lutein. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi pertumbuhan dan kecerahan warna ikan Mas Koi Cyprinus carpio melalui pemberian tepung wortel dalam pakan dengan dosis yang berbeda. Parameter peubah yang diukur berupa perubahan warna dengan menggunakan scoring melalui metode modifikasi TCF dan pertumbuhan mutlak. Wadah  penelitian menggunakan toples transparan 7 L, dengan volume air sebanyak 5 L per wadah.  Hewan uji yang digunakan adalah ikan Mas dengan kepadatan 1 ekor per wadah.  Perlakuan yang di uji adalah berbagai dosis tepung wortel dalam pakan, yakni A = 0 % , B = 5 %, C = 10 % dan D = 15 %, dengan masing – masing 3 kali ulangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan berbagai konsentrasi tepung wortel dalam pakan memberikan pengaruh terhadap pertumuhan dan kecerahan warna tubuh ikan Mas Koi..

Ornamental fish, the type of Koi carp, Cyprinus carpio, has an attraction to the color that emerges from its body. Carrot flour has carotenoid pigments, ascorbic acid, flavenoid, phenol acetate and lutein. This study aimed to evaluate the growth and color brightness of the Koi carp Cyprinus carpio through the application of carrot flour in the feed with different doses. Parameters measured in the form of color changes using scoring through the modified TCF method and absolute growth. The research container used a 7 L transparent jar, with a volume of 5 L of water per container. The test animals used were goldfish with a density of 1 fish per container. The treatments tested were various doses of carrot flour in the feed, namely A = 0%, B = 5%, C = 10% and D = 15%, with 3 replicates each. The results showed that the treatment of various concentrations of carrot flour in the feed had an effect on the growth and brightness of the body color of Mas Koi fish..
CHILDHOOD TRAUMA AND MENTAL HEALTH
Authors: Kanika Jain , Vidhi Tyagi
Published: June 2021

This survey was conducted to identify the effect of childhood trauma on the mental health of adults. It also indicates about
the effect of childhood trauma on the long term mental health and also on its effect on one's relationship. With the help of
16 items this survey was conducted on 40 peoples in which 20 where males and other 20 was females, according to their responses scoring was
done with 5 likert scale which runs from Never, Rarely, Sometimes, Often, Always. In the wake of scoring was done pie diagrams and reference
charts was made to see the effect between males reactions and females reactions, and there was such a great amount of contrast between them.
COMPARISON OF EFFICACY OF TELMISARTAN AND AMLODIPINE IN PATIENTS OF HYPERTENSION PRESCRIBED AS FREE DRUG AND AS FIXED DOSE COMBINATION.
Authors: shitak Ritu , thakur Anurag , shitak Malvika , sharma Sanjay
Published: June 2021

INTRODUCTION: HTN remains one of the major preventable risk factors for coronary events, cerebral-vascular disease,
heart failure, peripheral vascular disease and progression of kidney disease. Most patients with HTN will require more
than one drug to achieve BP target. In addition, around 24% to 32% of patients will require a combination of more than two drugs to achieve BP
targets. Combination therapy for HTN may be delivered either as free or xed drug combinations. In a free drug combination, each BP-lowering
drug is administered in a separate pill, while in a xed drug combination two or more agents are combined in a single pill (SPC). SPCs may offer
several advantages over free drug combinations, such as better compliance and simplicity of treatment.
MATERIAL AND METHOD: Study was conducted for a span of one year. Every patient coming to medicine OPD for the treatment of hypertension,
who has already been prescribed 40mg Telmisartan or 5mg amlodipine individually were included also the newly diagnosed patients for
essential hypertension were included. INCLUSION CRITERIA: (a) 18- 60 years, Adults of either sex (b) Newly diagnosed patients of
essential hypertension (c) Already diagnosed old patients on treatment for essential hypertension with 40mg Telmisartan or 5mg Amlodipine.
EXCLUSION CRITERIA:(a) Patients with chronic diseases e.g. Diabetes mellitus, CKD & CAD(b) Pregnant & lactating females.
RESULTS:Total 267 patients were enrolled in the study. Age and sex wise distribution was given in table no. 1.1. 138 patients were started on telmisartan
and amlodipine free drug and 129 patients were started on telmisartan and amlodipine xed drug. Majority of patients were less than 60 years and
121(45.3%) patients were male and 146(54.7%) patients were female. 138 Patients were started on telmisartan and amlodipine free drug group.
28.3% patients were on amlodipine and 25.4% patients were on telmisartan where as 46.4% patients were not taking any antihypertensive
treatment and mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure in this group was 168.3±14.2: 95.4±7.2. 129 patients were started on telmisartan and
amlodipine xed dose combination. 31% patients were on amlodipine and 24.8% patients were on telmisartan where as 44.2% were not taking
any drugs and mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure in this group was 167.8±15.6: 95.7±7.1.
CONCLUSION: Telmisartan/amlodipine combination when administered separately at different times of the day showed good to excellent responsea
PREVALENCE OF SPINK 1 AND CASR GENE MUTATIONS IN ACUTE AND RECURRENT ACUTE PANCREATITIS : A STUDY FROM CENTRAL INDIA
Authors: Noor Mohd Talha , Sudan Rahul , Goyal Vipin , Kosta Susmit , Kumar Ravindra , Singh Thakur Bhagwan
Published: June 2021

Background: Genetic factors may play an important role in the pathogenesis of acute pancreatitis. It has been observed
in various studies that the presence of risk factors alone like alcohol abuse or gall bladder stones does not lead to attacks of
pancreatitis in all the patients. This leads to assumption that genetic factors may decrease the threshold for the development of pancreatitis in
presence of one or more risk factors. We observed that there is a paucity of data regarding the role of genetics in acute pancreatitis (AP) and
recurrent acute pancreatitis (RAP) in our part of the world and we aimed at studying the prevalence of genetic mutations in such patients.
Methods: Our study intended to nd the prevalence of SPINK1 N34S (Serine protease inhibitor kazal type 1) and CaSR (Calcium sensing
receptor) gene mutations in patients of AP and RAP. A total of 50 patients and 25 age and gender matched controls entered our study. Blood
samples were obtained from all the cases and controls for routine investigations and genetic analysis. SPINK 1 N34S and CaSR gene mutation
studies were done in all the patients and controls.
Results: Alcohol (64%) followed by gallbladder stone disease (20%) was the most common aetiology of pancreatitis. SPINK 1 N34S mutation
was present in 21 patients and 2 controls whereas CaSR gene mutation was present in 13 patients and 2 controls. Patients with SPINK 1 N34S and
CaSR gene mutations were younger than the patients without these mutations. Prevalence of both SPINK1 N34S and CaSR gene mutations was
higher in patients of RAP than AP. These mutations were not associated with aetiology or severity of pancreatitis.
Conclusion: The prevalence SPINK 1 N34S and CaSR gene mutations was higher in patients of AP and RAP. Identication of these mutations
in patients of AP can help in the identication of patients who are at increased risk of recurrent attacks of AP
LONGITUDINAL EVALUATION OF THE ANTI-NUCLEOCAPSID IGG AFTER THE CONFIRMED COVID-19 IN NORTHERN CROATIAN POPULATION
Authors: Bezek Tamara , Meliš Petra , Kranjčec Bojana , Semenski Snježana , Klenkar Kornelija , Šenjug Valentina , Lešković Anita , Tkalec Gordana
Published: June 2021

BACKGROUND: This study longitudinally evaluated the IgG response against the N-protein after the onset of COVID19 infection. We determined the kinetics and magnitude of the antibody response against SARS-CoV-2 in conrmed
COVID-19 patients who were the rst infected with SARS-CoV-2 in Krapina-Zagorje county in northern Croatia.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: We studied 177 blood specimens from 51 patients who tested positive by PCR for COVID-19 and provided
longitudinal blood samples over a duration of several months, allowing to evaluate the IgG response against the N-protein. SARS-CoV-2 IgG
assay was interpreted as positive (ratio1.4 S/C) or negative (ratio<1.4 S/C).
RESULTS: The majority of subjects (48/51) reported symptomatic disease. Among the 49 patients who underwent serological antibody testing
at rst time point (median: 47 days), 47/49 were positive for IgG 6.02 (0.24-10.54 S/C), while at sixth time point (median: 275 days) 4/16 patients
were positive for IgG, 9/16 were in grey zone, and 3/16 were negative. Using Wilcoxon statistical analysis we found statistically signicant
decrease of SARS-CoV-2 N-protein IgG indices between the rst and the sixth time point (median signal to cut-off ratio, S/C, 8.18 IQR 6.91, 9.51
to 0.94 IQR 0.56, 1.18, P=0.001).
CONCLUSIONS: We claried the kinetics and magnitude of the antibody response against SARS-CoV-2 in conrmed COVID-19 patients.
Our results provide critical evidence that N-protein IgG response persists in the majority of patients for at least six to eight months after COVID19 infection.
DEAFNESS IN SCHIZOPHRENIA A DIAGNOSTIC DILEMMA
Authors: Halder Ankit , Das Abhishek , Panchami Ravindran Navna
Published: June 2021

Schizophrenia is one of the most common psychotic spectrum disorders encountered in daily practice.Auditory
hallucinations is one of the most prominent presenting symptom.There is still dilemma about the intensity and nature of
hallucinations mostly auditory and visual ones in deaf patients presenting with psychotic breaks.Further research and sample based study is
warranted.
MEASURE OF SERUM MDA, GST AND VIT-C IN WOMEN WITH CERVICAL CARCINOMA
Authors: Devi I.Vasundhara , Rajakumari J.Helena , Swathi P. , Sujatha C. , Kondeti Madhavi
Published: June 2021

Cervical carcinoma (CaCx) is the second most common gynecological cancers globally. Many authors revealed that low
levels of antioxidants induce the overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that result in oxidative stress. In the
present study an attempt was made to evaluate the oxidative stress in 20 women with cervical carcinoma by measuring serum Malondialdehyde
(MDA), Glutathione-S-transferase (GST) and Ascorbic acid (Vit-C) levels which was compared with 20 age matched non cancerous women.
Signicantly elevated MDA levels (P<0.001) and lowered GST, Vit-C levels (P<0.0001) were observed in women with cervical carcinoma as
compared with healthy controls. From our ndings it can be concluded that oxidative stress plays an important role in pathogenesis of cervical
carcinoma. Hence supplementation of antioxidants may reduce the oxidative stress and minimize the associated morbidity and mortality
DEPRESSION AND PAIN IN ELDERLY WITH KNEE OSTEOARTHRITIS PAIN.
Authors: K J Nimitha , Singh Bhupendra , Shyam Gangwar Radhe , Srivastava RN , Kumar Tripathi Rakesh
Published: June 2021

Aim Of The Study:The study aims to review depression and pain in the elderly with knee Osteoarthritis.
Material And Methods: Subjects fullling selection criteria were recruited from the Department of Orthopaedics
Surgery, KGMU, Lucknow, India.
1. Mobile numbers of subjects from the records available were obtained from JANUARY 2018 to JANUARY 2020
2. Topics were contacted over the telephone and recruited according to the nomination standards for the study. The call was recorded after taking
consent.
3. Subjects were contacted during the daytime 10 am -2 pm.
4. Subjects were approached three times.
5. The survey was completed in a maximum of 2 sessions,15 minutes each (if the subject was not comfortable answering in a single session).
6. Proper introduction of the Doctor calling them and the purpose of the telephone was given to the subjects.
7. Telephone subjects were interviewed based on the sociodemographic questionnaire.
8. Following the basic interview, subjects were evaluated using scales that include PHQ-9, SF-12 and WOMAC. ( Antonio Escobar, 2006)
9. HRQoL was measured by SF-12 which includes general health, limitation of activities, physical health, emotional health and social activities.
( MoheddineYounsi, 2015 )
10. PHQ-9 to assess the diagnosis and severity of depression was applied.
11. WOMAC scale was applied which gives the status of pain, stiffness and physical disabilities.
12. Each assessment took 20-30 minutes.
13. If subjects and attenders ask for advice regarding the treatment were addressed properly following guidance from consultants.
14. For the subjects with depression, the advice was given to consult the geriatric mental health helpline number of KGMU. The specimen length
assumed for this study is 90 (30 in each group in KL grade 2/3/4).
Results: This study shows that depression was extensively observed among sufferers with knee OA. Patients with knee OA analyzed with these
comorbidities encountered more pain and discomfort, had systematic hospital calls, took more medication, and documented less optimal results.
Being a cross-sectional, telephonic survey, this study shows results accordingly.( Anirudh Sharma, et al., 2020).
Conclusion: Depression seems to have adverse impacts on the sufferers with knee OA. Physicians or caregivers are highly instructed to
contemplate these comorbidities in patients with knee OA. KOA studies usually comprise pain and function scores but haven't routinely
incorporated psychosocial variables estimating QoL(Prtha Kudesia, et al., 2020). This study concludes that there is a considerable difference in
pain and general health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Pain and HRQoL worsen with higher grading of KOA. Eventually, a holistic customised
surveillance method is essential to enhance patient results.( Roman Sosnowski, et al., 2017).
Continuous Integration Testing of Embedded Software with Digital Twin Prototypes
Authors: Barbie Alexander , Hasselbring Wilhelm , Pech Niklas
Published: June 2021

Digital Twins may be employed for developing embedded software and can be classified in three subcategories by their level of integration with the corresponding physical objects/twins. We introduce and report on experience with a new category: the Digital Twin Prototype. Digital Twin Prototypes support engineers to test embedded software systems, without the need of a connection to a physical object. In CI/CD pipelines they can be used for integration testing and thus, allow for an agile verification and validation process. We developed and evaluated this approach to create an underwater network of ocean observation systems. The feasibility was shown in a demonstration mission in the Baltic Sea in October 2020.
Automation approach for Unity based multi-player card game
Authors: Pal Pragna , Shaik Sajid
Published: June 2021

Approach to bring efficient, generic, and reusable solutions for challenges while automating the logic validation of a card games, specifically built with unity engine.
A Comprehensive Comparison of Pre-training Language Models
Authors: Guo Tong
Published: June 2021

Recently, the development of pre-trained language models has brought natural language processing (NLP) tasks to the new state-of-the-art. In this paper we explore the efficiency of various pre-trained language models. We pre-train a list of transformer-based models with the same amount of text and the same training steps. The experimental results shows that the most improvement upon the origin BERT is adding the RNN-layer to capture more contextual information for short text understanding. But the conclusion is: There are no remarkable improvement for short text understanding for similar BERT structures. Data-centric method[12] can achieve better performance.
A Comprehensive Exploration of Pre-training Language Models
Authors: Guo Tong
Published: June 2021

Recently, the development of pre-trained language models
has brought natural language processing (NLP) tasks to the new state-of-the-art. In this paper we explore the efficiency of various pre-trained
language models. We pre-train a list of transformer-based models with
the same amount of text and the same training steps. The experimental results shows that the most improvement upon the origin BERT is
adding the RNN-layer to capture more contextual information for the
transformer-encoder layers.
A Multi Polarization Square Patch Antenna with a Reconfigurable Feeding Network
Authors: Rezaeipour Roozbeh
Published: June 2021

Rotation of
polarization is the one of problem in communication with linear polarization.
In fact, it can reduce the received signal strength down to -20 dB in some
cases. Circular polarization is one the accessible approaches for sorting this
problem due to it can be immune against polarization rotation. In this paper,
proposed antenna can perform in linear and circular polarization which can be
switched according to the condition of signal which is being transmitted.
Consequently, environmental disruptions could not decline the quality of
communication. 1)
The proposed antenna is
categorized in reconfigurable antennas which have different methods for
implementation. First of all, the proposed antenna is a multi-polarization
reconfigurable antenna that can radiate circular polarization and linear
polarization on the same structure at a specific frequency. Moreover, a simple
feeding network for this antenna is implemented. This antenna utilizes common
power dividers for feeding the square patch. Finally, switching circuits which
are used for changing polarization in this antenna are by far simple than that
of existing works.