bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ANALISIS MARKOV CHAIN DALAM MEMPREDIKSI MARKET SHARE DAN EQUILIBRIUM PENGGUNA LAPTOP MAHASISWA AKTIF UNIVERSITAS UDAYANA
Authors: CHANDRI PUTU REGINA PUTRI , SUPARTI KADEK AYU ALIT , FRESILIA NI MADE WAHYU , NOVRYANA THIO , OCTAVANNY MADE AYU DWI
Published: February 2024

The goal of this research is to assess the shift in laptop brands among currently enrolled students at Udayana University and predict the market share when the system reaches a stable state for each switch made by these students. The study employs the Markov Chain method, a component of Stochastic Processes. This method generates probabilistic information that aids in decision-making. In Markov Chain analysis, the equilibrium condition refers to a state in a specific period where the transition probability matrix stabilizes. Data on laptop brand switches were collected from users who have utilized more than one laptop brand. The study provides in-depth insights into the behavior of laptop users in the academic environment of Udayana University. The results of this research provide deep insights into the behavior of laptop users in the academic environment of Udayana University, laying the groundwork for a better understanding of market trends and user preferences.
PERAMALAN VOLATILITAS RETURN NILAI TUKAR RUPIAH TERHADAP US DOLLAR MENGGUNAKAN METODE EGARCH, TGARCH, DAN APARCH
Authors: KARANA MADE NONIK PRAMESTI , SUMARJAYA I WAYAN , SARI KARTIKA
Published: February 2024

Exchange rates play a crucial role among macroeconomic variables, exerting a significant influence on a country's economic landscape. Fluctuations in these rates can impact a nation's stability and economic activities. Consequently, it becomes essential to engage in forecasting endeavors, particularly in predicting the exchange rate of the rupiah against foreign currencies, with a focus on the US dollar. Certain instances in financial data reveal an asymmetric volatility response, often referred to as the leverage effect. To address this challenge, asymmetric GARCH models, including EGARCH, TGARCH, and APARCH, prove instrumental. This research endeavors to identify the most effective model among EGARCH, TGARCH, and APARCH using data pertaining to the rupiah's exchange rate against the US Dollar from March 2, 2020, to June 2, 2022. The findings indicate that the APARCH (1,2) model stands out as the optimal choice for predicting volatility, boasting the smallest AIC value in comparison to its counterparts. As per the research outcomes, volatility witnessed a decline from the initial day to the fourteenth day.
Forming Legal Culture in Customary Forest Management: Local Wisdom Approach of Customary Law Communities
Authors: Rwa Jayantiari I Gusti Agung Mas , Suka Arjawa I Gst Pt Bagus , Rebeiro Leonito , Audrey Paquita Joanne
Published: February 2024

Customary law communities in Indonesia firmly attach to customary forests in their territory. For generations, they have preserved and managed customary forests according to customary rules, either written or unwritten, that reflect local wisdom. This article aims to analyze customary law communities' local wisdom approach in forest management to realize legal compliance that reflects legal culture. It assesses local wisdom as the essential form of legal culture in customary forest management and scrutinizes efforts to strengthen local wisdom in forest management arrangements. This article reflects a socio-legal method that explores relevant statutory regulations and their implementation in society. The research and analysis suggest that the legal culture of customary law communities takes the form of compliance in managing forests due to the local wisdom they have internalized from generation to generation. Local wisdom in various regions in Indonesia is integrated with local rules that align with the function of customary law to create social order. It has also been found that several regional governments in Indonesia have made an effort to strengthen local wisdom. The regional government's recognition of the status of customary law communities as the actors in customary forest management has legitimated the local wisdom in protecting customary forests.
Freedom of Expression on Social Media in Indonesia: Why are the limitations imposed?
Authors: Eka Wisanjaya I Gede Pasek , Rosy Widodo Putri Bella
Published: February 2024

As part of the fundamental human rights, the right to freedom of expression is neither absolute nor unlimited; there are limitations on exercising this right in the context of the democratic rule of law. Presently, the exercise of the right to freedom of expression in social media has been misused by the emergence of fake news or information (hoaxes). The limitations to exercising the right, as stipulated under the Indonesian national laws such as the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia, Law No. 12 of 2005 concerning the Ratification of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, Law No. 39 of 1999 concerning Human Rights, and Law No. 19 of 2016 concerning Amendments to Law No. 11 of 2008 concerning Information and Electronic Transactions, are aimed at respecting and protecting the dignity of individuals or other people and protecting the public interest and national security. This article aims to discuss the impact of entities outside Indonesian sovereignty on implementing legal norms limiting the exercise of the right to freedom of expression in social media and the implementation of the norms under Indonesian national law. The method used is normative legal research using a statutory, case, and fact approach. The analysis shows that limitations on exercising the right to freedom of expression on social media under Indonesia’s national sovereignty have not been efficient due to the entities of social media platforms outside the territory of Indonesia, which may not be entirely located or subject to the scope of national jurisdiction.
O assédio moral e as suas consequências nas organizações do setor bancário
Authors: Meneses Helder Gomes
Published: February 2024

O assédio moral é uma conduta abusiva, que chega a ferir sentimentos humanos mais profundos. Se configura por agressões intencionais, reiteradas e prolongadas no tempo. Podendo ser direcionada a uma pessoa, grupo de pessoas ou como política organizacional, na busca de maior produtividade e resultado, por meio de pressões, constrangimentos e humilhações. O objetivo é compreender o assédio moral e as suas consequências nas organizações do setor bancário. A metodologia utilizada foi por meio de pesquisas bibliográficas e documentais, em livros, artigos científicos, legislações e tratados internacionais. O estudo trouxe uma contribuição ao trabalhador assediado, apresentando vários conceitos extraídos na doutrina especializada, permitindo esclarecer àqueles que se sentem agredidos compreender o que vêm  sofrendo e o que pode ser feito.
PERCEPÇÃO AMBIENTAL DOS PRESTADORES DE SERVIÇOS TURÍSTICOS DO MONTE RORAIMA, EXTREMO NORTE DO BRASIL
Authors: Albuquerque Filho Adão Ferreira de , Ferko Georgia Patrícia da Silva
Published: February 2024

Uma das dificuldades para a proteção dos ambientes naturais está na existência de diferenças nas percepções dos valores e da importância dos mesmos entre os indivíduos. Sabendo-se, então, da importância da percepção ambiental na tomada de decisões, este trabalho teve como objetivo analisar a percepção ambiental dos prestadores de serviços turísticos que atuam no Monte Roraima. A metodologia foi de natureza exploratória e descritiva, com abordagem quantitativa, na modalidade de estudo de caso. Para avaliar a percepção foram aplicados questionários semiestruturados como técnica de coleta de dados, seguida da análise utilizando os itens da escala de valores onde foram trabalhadas três dimensões básicas: 1. dimensão “antropocêntrica”; 2. dimensão “indiferença ou apatia”; e 3. dimensão “ecocêntrica”. Foram entrevistados 36 prestadores de serviços turísticos, sendo 28 guias e 8 donos de empresas de turismo. Os prestadores de serviços turísticos participantes possuem dois tipos de perfis. Enquanto os empresários manifestaram um sentimento de indiferença às questões ambientais, os guias assumiram um perfil ecocêntrico. Por fim, foi possível observar um potencial sustentável das atividades existentes, onde os participantes perceberam os impactos positivos da atividade turística, verificando indicadores insustentáveis. Além disso, a partir da percepção dos prestadores de serviços turísticos houve o fornecimento de informações que podem auxiliar na gestão do turismo no Monte Roraima.
A CONSTRUÇÃO DA UHE DO BEM QUERER E OS SEUS POSSÍVEIS IMPACTOS SOCIOAMBIENTAIS NA BACIA DO RIO BRANCO EM RORAIMA.
Authors: Prado Gisele da Silva , Ferko Geórgia Patrícia da Silva , Sander Carlos , Wankler Fábio Luiz
Published: February 2024

A bacia hidrográfica do rio Branco e seus canais principalmente de drenagem têm sido alvo de estudos científicos nos últimos anos. Um novo empreendimento ganha destaque e, ao mesmo tempo, diverge a opinião da população roraimense: A Construção da Usina Hidrelétrica do Bem Querer e seus possíveis impactos socioambientais na bacia do rio Branco em Roraima é o objeto dessa pesquisa. As técnicas utilizadas na pesquisa têm características exploratória com abordagem qualitativa com enfoque no método dedutivo, com ênfase na pesquisa bibliográfica e documental. Os resultados apontam a construção de hidrelétricas dessa magnitude gera repercussões danosas tanto antes quanto durante e após a construção das usinas. As principais transformações ocorrem de fato durante a execução do projeto, tais como alterações culturais; desestruturação social das comunidades urbanas e rurais; flutuações econômicas; mudanças no uso do solo com a perda da biodiversidade das terras inundadas; prejuízo da boa qualidade das águas, com impactos sobre a pesca de subsistência e a agricultura, assim como diversas outras transformações, com efeitos sobre o local da obra e seu entorno. Faz-se necessário, buscar outras alternativas de geração de energia que gere menos impacto às populações de Roraima.
Aplicación móvil como herramienta de motivación en el aprendizaje de matemáticas a través de juegos en educación básica
Authors: Otero Escobar Alma Delia , Suárez Jasso Elsa , Ostos Cruz Cecilia Esperanza
Published: February 2024

En esta investigación se presenta una aplicación móvil como herramienta para motivar el aprendizaje de la jerarquización de signos matemáticos a través de juegos. La aplicación móvil se proporcionó a un grupo de niños de quinto grado de primaria de una escuela pública ubicada en Xalapa, Veracruz, México; se consideró un grupo de control con los mecanismos de enseñanza tradicionales y uno de experimentación a través del uso de la aplicación móvil, ambos con la tarea de solucionar problemas de jerarquización de signos. De esta manera, el objetivo de esta investigación fue identificar los elementos que intervienen en la motivación del aprendizaje de la jerarquización de signos matemáticas a través de una aplicación móvil. Se concluyó que el uso de aplicaciones móviles, como herramienta de aprendizaje, resulta enriquecedor y atractivo para los niños quienes expresaron una motivación alta por aprender a través de juegos.
La gestión cultural y las expresiones populares: el caso de las Voluminosas Cuba
Authors: Ortíz Domínguez William , Martínez Tena Alicia de la Caridad , Expósito García Elpidio , Villalón García Giovanni L.
Published: February 2024

La gestión cultural se posiciona como una herramienta invaluable dentro del sistema de instituciones culturales cubanas, ya que favorece la implementación de políticas culturales públicas y el desarrollo de los procesos de democratización cultural. El presente artículo se enmarca dentro de esta herramienta, y los resultados presentados forman parte del proyecto de investigación "Caracterización y perfeccionamiento de la gestión de las instituciones culturales en el marco de la realización del programa de desarrollo cultural (PDC) del MINCULT", llevado a cabo en el Centro de Estudios Sociales Cubanos y Caribeños Dr. José A. Portuondo de la Universidad de Oriente, Cuba. Se utilizó una metodología mixta y los testimonios recopilados avalan el impacto de Las Voluminosas, como exponentes de la cultura popular. Su quehacer y la proyección de sus prácticas constituyen núcleos de interés para los estudios de los procesos socioculturales.
La Revista Interconectando Saberes: Ocho Años de Diversidad Científica y Acceso Abierto
Authors: Hernández González Darío Fabián
Published: February 2024

La Revista Interconectando Saberes celebra ocho años de existencia ininterrumpida en 2023. Durante este tiempo, ha mantenido una diversidad científica tanto en las temáticas de sus artículos como en las perspectivas científicas y filosóficas de sus autores, promoviendo el acceso abierto al conocimiento. En esta edición número 16, se presentan quince artículos divididos en cuatro bloques. El primero aborda la inclusión digital y el desarrollo de aplicaciones móviles para la educación. El segundo se centra en temas de salud y medio ambiente. El tercer bloque utiliza la historia y la microhistoria como ejes centrales en diversos temas. El cuarto bloque explora el papel social de las universidades en América Latina y el Caribe. Además, se destaca la contribución de MUCPAZ en la promoción de la equidad de género.
Development of a GSM-RC Automated Device for Measuring Mobile Communication Signal Strength and Meteorological Parameters
Authors: Babatunde Giwa Abdulgafar , Theophilus Ewetumo , Sunday Ojo Joseph. , David Adedayo Kayode , Ayodele Owolabi Gbenga
Published: February 2024

The automated Global System for Mobile Communication Signal Strength and Radio Climatological (GSM-RC) measuring device is an integration of different electronic sensors in a box for an in-situ measuring system. The sensor, data logging, and communication subsystems are integrated for transmitting information on meteorological parameters (MPs) and GSM signal strength level (SSL). The goal is to develop a device that could simultaneously measure MP and SSL of GSM communication systems in any location of interest. This is to reduce significant errors due to a lack of synchronization among multiple devices. To accomplish this objective, we designed an atmospheric sensing system with GSM SSL, temperature, relative humidity, and pressure sensors integrated as a GSM-RC unit. An Arduino microcontroller unit was used to wirelessly transmit the data collected by various sensors in each subsystem and stored on a micro-SD card. A statistical analysis of the SSL between the GSM-RC and the Samsung Galaxy A10s mobile reveals a correlation of roughly 0.99. The ANOVA analysis of variance demonstrates no noticeable distinction between the SSL from developed and conventional devices. The P-value is about 0.93, with α-value of 0.05. The MPs were validated with a standard Vintage Pro weather station, and the data were statistically correlated with accuracies close to unity. A field test was carried out with the device to measure the SSL through the GSM and the selected MP in Akure from January to December 2022. The findings indicate a weak and poor correlation between temperature and signal strength, while relative humidity and pressure have a positive and weak correlations with the signal strength. This implies that an increase in SSL leads to a slight decrease in temperature while the relative humidity and pressure increase slightly. Other than being affordable in terms of production and deployment, the device has also solved the problem of labour-intensiveness arising from bulkiness.
Control Co-Design Optimization of Spacecraft Trajectory and System for Interplanetary Missions
Authors: Harris Gage W. , He Ping , Abdelkhalik Ossama O.
Published: February 2024

This paper develops a control co-design (CCD) framework to simultaneously optimize the spacecraft’s trajectory and onboard system (rocket engine) and quantify its benefit. An open-loop optimal control problem (two-finite burn Mars missions) is used as the benchmark, and the engine design considers the combustion equilibrium and nozzle geometry. The objective function is the fuel burn. The design variables are the trajectory control parameters (such as burn times, burn directions, and time of flight), initial fuel mass, and engine design parameters (such as throat area, mixture ratio, and chamber pressure). The constraints include the final velocities and positions of spacecraft. Single-point optimizations are conducted for three departure dates in May, July, and September 2020. A multipoint optimization is also performed to balance the engine performance for these dates with 49 design variables and 20 constraints. It is found that the CCD optimizations exhibit 22–28% more fuel burn reduction than the trajectory-only optimization with fixed engine parameters and 16–20% more fuel burn reduction than the decoupled trajectory-engine optimization. The proposed CCD optimization framework can be extended to more spacecraft trajectory control parameters and onboard systems and has the potential to design more efficient spacecraft missions.
Combined preparation Simprazole® (ornidazole + ciprofloxacin) in patients with skin and soft tissue infections
Authors: Teplova N. V. , Romashov O. M. , Patrushev N. K.
Published: February 2024

Objective: To evaluate clinical and microbiological effectiveness of the combined preparation Simprazole® (ornidazole 500 mg + ciprofloxacin 500 mg) in patients with skin and soft tissue infections.

Material and methods. This prospective study was conducted in a multidisciplinary hospital from February to May 2023. Outcomes after treating patients with purulent wounds of the skin and soft tissues of various origins and location were analyzed. Patients with the extremely severe infectious processes and decompensated diseases of cardiopulmonary, respiratory and other vital systems were excluded from the study. Resistance and sensitivity of isolated strains to antibiotics was assessed in patients’ tests in 7 or 14 days. Patients with strains sensitive to ciprofloxacin were enrolled in the study. In addition to the antibacterial therapy, they had local treatment (dressings and wound debridement).

Results. The involved 60 patients had a combined surgical treatment in the hospital. Clinical and laboratory findings have shown that the combined preparation consisting of ciprofloxacin and ornidazole has a high clinical and bacteriological effectiveness (95 and 96.7 %, respectively) in patients with purulent wounds of the skin and soft tissues regardless of pathogens etiology (aerobic or anaerobic) and anaerobic component, if these pathogens are sensitive to ciprofloxacin. The discussed preparation is well tolerated in 99 % of cases; no registered adverse reactions.

Conclusion. The combined preparation Simprazole® (500 mg of ornidazole and 500 mg of ciprofloxacin) has a wide spectrum of action and original mechanisms of impact at microbes. It is an effective and safe drug for treating skin and soft tissue infections from both clinical and microbiological points of view.
LES VILLAGES SOCIALISTES AGRICOLES AU SERSOU, DANS L’OUEST DE L’ALGéRIE, MODERNISATION RURALE AUX TRAITS URBAINS
Authors: MEZIANI Aicha , OTMANE Tayeb
Published: February 2024

The Sersou, the granary of wheat in western Algeria and the most dynamic area of the state (wilaya) of Tiaret, has seen its urban network expand under the effect of population growth and industrial as well as agricultural development. Its space was densified, by a dozen "agricultural socialist villages" in the 1970s. As part of a national policy of modernization and rural development, ̎ the agrarian revolution ̎. These agricultural villages were built to support the work of the land and improve the living conditions of rural populations. This contribution wants to revisit these villages after more than forty years of existence to see how they are organized, appropriated and inserted into the urban network. It also wants to analyze through this example the outcome of a policy of modernization of the Algerian countryside, which has aroused so much debate and criticism since its implementation.
SIMULATION DE L’évolution à long terme (1981-2100) des canicules à bruxelles sur base du modèle Atmosphérique régional (mar)
Authors: TIMMERMANS Guillaume , DOUTRELOUP Sébastien , FETTWEIS Xavier , ATTIA Shady
Published: February 2024

With climate change, Belgium is experiencing and will experience more frequent and severe heat waves, which are particularly difficult to withstand in cities due to the urban heat island effect. In this study, we investigate the evolution of heatwaves in Brussels since 1981 and in the future, up to 2100, using climate simulations from global models refined by MAR. Firstly, a general analysis of the reliability of different global climate models, and in particular their ability to simulate heatwaves in Brussels, is conducted. Then, we select the best model and analyze its projections in terms of future heat waves in Brussels, in the case of the SSP5-8.5 greenhouse gas emission scenario. It appears that the selected model projects heatwaves that are significantly more frequent, longer, and more intense in the future than currently, in the case of the SSP5-8.5 scenario.
Current evolution (1960-2021) of the snow cover in the French Vosges massif with the help of the regional climate MAR model
Authors: FETTWEIS Xavier , AMBROISE Bruno , DAVID Pierre-Marie , GHILAIN Nicolas , PAUL Patrice , WUEST Cyril
Published: February 2024

L’évolution actuelle de l’enneigement dans les Vosges (N-E de la France) a été simulée à une résolution de 4 km avec le modèle régional du climat MAR (version 3.13) forcé par les réanalyses ERA5. Moyennant un petit ajustement de seulement 3 paramètres (dont 1 °C d’augmentation du seuil de température neige/pluie), MAR a été optimisé et validé sur 5 et 8 hivers (DJF) par rapport à des observations quotidiennes (température, précipitation, hauteur de neige). Sur les 62 hivers (DJF) 1960-2021, MAR suggère une diminution significative statistiquement d’environ un facteur deux de la hauteur moyenne de neige, due à l’augmentation significative des températures (~+2 °C/62 ans). Bien que les précipitations aient légèrement augmenté (+10-20 %/62 ans) à cause d’un renforcement (non significatif) de la circulation d’ouest, elles tombent de plus en plus sous forme de pluie, en particulier en dessous de 1000 m. Au-dessus de 1000 m, il ne neige pas moins qu’avant mais il y a plus de fonte réduisant le manteau neigeux entre deux événements neigeux. En extrapolant les tendances actuelles, une anomalie de +2.5 °C (resp. +3.8 °C) par rapport aux hivers 1960-90 serait suffisante pour ne plus avoir de neige en moyenne en-dessous de 750 m (resp. 1000 m).
The map of De Gerlache Strait in Antarctica. Uncertainty analysis of the astronomical coordinates surveyed during the Belgica expedition in January and February 1898
Authors: CORNET Yves , DERWAEL Jean-Jacques
Published: February 2024

Entre le 23 janvier et le 12 février 1898, l’expédition d’Adrien de Gerlache en Antarctique a réalisé un important levé cartographique du Détroit de Gerlache entre le Cap Neyt à l’extrémité nord-est de l’Île de Liège et le Cap Renard en Terre de Danco. Son commandant en second, Georges Lecointe, officier de navigation et hydrographe, a effectué des observations astronomiques destinées à fixer les coordonnées de plusieurs stations qui ont servi de référence pour déterminer le tracé des lignes de côte. Dans cet article, nous tentons d’évaluer la précision et l’exactitude de ces mesures à la lueur de la documentation cartographique disponible actuellement. Nous exposons les limites de l’approche et les sources d’incertitudes relevant des méthodes utilisées à la fin du XIXe siècle et de nos interprétations pour restituer la position des stations sur les documents actuels. Les hypothèses explicatives majeures du biais constaté en longitude et latitude sont probablement une sous-estimation de la réfraction et des observations du soleil généralement matinales.
Tourism and residential attractiveness in the historic center of Venice: going beyond gentrification
Authors: Giordano Emanuele
Published: February 2024

Cet article interroge, à partir du cas du centre historique de Venise, les liens qui existent entre tourisme, attractivité résidentielle et gentrification dans le cadre des villes intermédiaires. À la croisée de la géographie du tourisme et de la géographie sociale, l’enquête menée a abouti à la distinction de plusieurs profils de néo-arrivants dans le centre historique de Venise d’après leurs trajectoires résidentielles et professionnelles et les raisons qui les induisent. Cela permet de montrer comment, alors que les motivations et les expériences des individus qui déménagent sont protéiformes et hétérogènes, les transformations engendrées par le tourisme ne sont pas des facteurs d’attraction, mais au contraire un frein à l’installation de nouveaux résidents, y compris de jeunes individus traditionnellement associés à la gentrification touristique. Ce faisant, l’article élargit la compréhension actuelle de la façon dont le changement urbain se produit dans les zones touristiques et révèle les difficultés de lier directement touristification et gentrification dans certaines destinations.
Urban morphology and crime in algerian cities: the case of the city of Béjaïa
Authors: Messaoudi Taous
Published: February 2024

Les villes méditerranéennes nord-africaines sont riches de leur histoire urbaine, façonnée par les modes d’aménagement distincts de chaque civilisation qui y a prospéré, créant une mosaïque fascinante de strates urbaines caractérisées par leur discontinuité et leur fragmentation urbaines et sociales. Notre étude sur la ville de Béjaïa en Algérie montre que la répartition de la criminalité est liée à la structure spatiale de la ville. Cette recherche utilise des outils de la syntaxe spatiale pour analyser les relations entre la configuration spatiale de la ville et la criminalité, en se concentrant sur l’accessibilité et la lisibilité spatiales. Les résultats soulignent l’importance de la structure spatiale générée par la succession de politiques urbaines dans la répartition de la criminalité. Les espaces les plus structurés sont propices aux infractions mineures, tandis que les espaces les plus ségrégués sont favorables aux cambriolages et au trafic de drogue.
Boosting N-Heterocyclic Carbene Radical Organocatalysis with Nickel Chemistry: A Rational Mechanistic Study-based Approach.
Authors: Delfau Ludivine , Mauro Elena , Pecaut Jacques , Martin David , Tomás-Mendivil Eder
Published: February 2024

A cooperative NHC/nickel catalytic methodology has been developed for the synthesis of ketones employing aromatic aldehydes and tertiary alkyl iodides. All key steps of the postulated catalytic cycle were validated with comprehensive stoichiometric and electrochemical studies, including reduction of NiII by the deprotonated Breslow intermediate, Ni0 promoted halogen-atom abstraction to generate transient tertiary alkyl radicals and coupling between the latter with the persistent acyl thiazolium radical intermediate. Such broadly proposed and accepted, yet elusive, acyl thiazolium radical intermediate has been isolated and stud-ied by a single-crystal X-ray diffraction study.
Capture-and-release of a sulfoquinovose-binding protein on sulfoquinovose-modified agarose
Authors: Arumapperuma Thimali , Lee Mihwa , Sharma Mahima , Zhang Yunyang , Snow Alexander , Lingford James , Goddard-Borger Ethan , Davies Gideon , Williams Spencer
Published: February 2024

The solute-binding protein (SBP) components of periplasmic binding protein-dependent ATP-binding cassette (ABC)-type transporters often possess exquisite selectivity for their cognate ligands. Maltose binding protein (MBP), the best studied of these SBPs, has been extensively used as a fusion partner to enable the affinity purification of recombinant proteins. However, other SBPs and SBP-ligand based affinity systems remain underexplored. The sulfoquinovose-binding protein SmoF, is a substrate-binding protein component of the ABC transporter cassette in Agrobacterium tumefaciens involved in importing SQ and its derivatives for SQ catabolism. Here, we show that SmoF binds with high affinity to the octyl glycoside of SQ (octyl-SQ), demonstrating remarkable tolerance to extension of the anomeric substituent. The 3D X-ray structure of the SmoF•octyl-SQ complex reveals accommodation of the octyl chain, which projects to the protein surface, providing impetus for the synthesis of a linker-equipped SQ-amine using a thiol-ene reaction as a key step, and its conjugation to cyanogen bromide modified agarose. We demonstrate the successful capture and release of SmoF from SQ-agarose resin using SQ as competitive eluant, and selectivity for release versus other organosulfonates. We demonstrate that SmoF can be captured and purified from a cell lysate, demonstrating the utility of SQ-agarose in capturing SQ binding proteins from complex mixtures. The present work provides a pathway for development of ‘capture-and-release’ affinity resins for the discovery and study of SBPs.
Biomass Electrocatalysts: Exploiting Haemoglobin-derived Fe Sites Coordinated with S, N-enriched Carbon for Efficient Oxygen Electro-reduction
Authors: Shilpa Nagaraju , Wu Jun-Xi , Waterhouse Geoffrey , Zhu Bicheng , Travas-Sejdic Jadranka , Williams David
Published: February 2024

Biomass resources offer a diverse array of low-cost feedstocks for the manufacture electrocatalysts for the energy sector. In this study, haemoglobin (Hb), lignin, tannic acid and urea were used to develop FeSN/C electrocatalysts comprising iron highly dispersed on S,N-codoped carbon for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). By pyrolyzing precursor mixtures containing Hb, lignin, tannic acid and urea in appropriate mass ratios, S,N-codoped carbons with highly dispersed Fe sites were obtained with ORR performance superior to Pt/C. The developed FeSN/C electrocatalyst exhibited an ORR onset potential of 0.98 V vs. RHE in 0.1 M KOH, a half-wave potential (E1/2) of 0.87 V and a low Tafel slope of 54 mV/dec. Notably, the electrocatalyst selectively catalysed the 4-electron ORR pathway and exhibited a high methanol tolerance. This work encourages the design of biomass-derived electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction reaction, in particular showing that haemoglobin in bovine blood is a suitable for use an iron source when making Fe-N-C electrocatalysts.
Bioresponsive pseudoGlucosinolates (psGSLs) release Isothiocyanates (ITCs) in the Presence of Nitroreductases
Authors: Jimidar Claire C. , Ganskow Charity S. G. , Kagho Mervic D. , Chakrabarti Aishi , Wiese Lorenz , Zollo Michael , Beutling Ulrike , Brönstrup Mark , Sieber Stephan A. , Hacker Stephan M. , Klahn Philipp
Published: February 2024

Glucosinolates (GSLs) are secondary metabolites produced as part of an herbivore defence system in plants of the order Brassicales. GSLs release isothiocyanates (ITCs) upon activation by the myrosinase. Beyond their herbivore feeding deterrent properties, these ITCs have multiple interesting bioactivities. However, their release is limited by the presence of myrosinase. Here, we report the concept of pseudoglucosinolates (psGSLs) hijacking the natural release mechanism of GSLs for the release of ITCs and adapting it to nitroreductase as triggering enzymes. We provide the proof-of-concept for nitroreductase-responsive psGSLs and demonstrate their potential for peptide labelling and ITC-prodrug approaches.
Temperature-Driven Dissolution of Nanoalloyed Catalyst During Ink Preparation and Membrane Electrode Assembly Fabrication
Authors: Ronovský Michal , Dunseath Olivia , Hrbek Tomáš , Kúš Peter , Gatalo Matija , Polani Shlomi , Kubát Jan , Götz Daniel , Nedumkulam Hridya , Satori Andrea , Petrucco Enrico , Zepeda Francisco Ruiz , Hodnik Nejc , Strasser Peter , Bonastre Alex Martinez , Drnec Jakub
Published: February 2024

Platinum (Pt) alloys are excellent oxygen-reduction catalysts used in proton exchange membrane fuel cells, yet their effective integration poses challenges. Through in-situ X-ray diffraction, we investigate the compositional changes during the ink preparation of PtCo and PtNi catalysts and reveal that dissolution is primarily driven by temperature. Comparisons with conventional catalyst-coated membrane (CCM) fabrication methods highlight structural transformations during hot-pressing. Paving the way for advancements in sustainable energy technologies, our findings emphasize the essential need for fundamental knowledge of ink-making and CCM fabrication to unlock Pt-alloy catalyst potential for hydrogen fuel cells. In addition to the academic community, the industry shall benefit from this precise and easy-to-employ methodology.
Theoretical investigations on surface stabilities of CuBi2O4 and CuFeO2
Authors: Beßner Julian , Bogenrieder Stefanie E. , Neuhoff Robert , Kirchhoff Björn , Jacob Timo
Published: February 2024

CuBi2O4 and CuFeO2 are p-type semiconductors that recently have been suggested as profitable photocathode materials for photo(electro)chemical reactions, such as water splitting or carbon dioxide reduction. There exist a few experimental and theoretical studies, providing a detailed description of the bulk properties of these materials, however, much less is known about the surfaces. In this work, we perform electronic structure simulations using DFT+U to investigate the structures, electronic properties, and thermodynamic stability of CuFeO2 and CuBi2O4 surfaces. The calculations indicate higher stabilities for stoichiometrically terminated (001)–CuBi2O4 and (012)–CuFeO2 surfaces. The density of states and the Bader charge analysis show states above the Fermi level for cation-deficient surface terminations and charge fluctuations among surface atoms, depending on the surface termination. These effects could enable higher absorption efficiency for cation-deficient surfaces. Our results emphasize the importance of surface terminations for a better understanding of electronic properties.
Optimized Substrate Positioning Enables Switches in C–H Cleavage Site and Reaction Outcome in the Hydroxylation-Epoxidation Sequence Catalyzed by Hyoscyamine 6β-Hydroxylase
Authors: Wenger Eliott , Martinie Ryan , Ushimaru Richiro , Pollock Christopher , Sil Debangsu , Li Aaron , Hoang Nhi , Palowitch Gavin , Graham Brandt , Schaperdoth Irene , Burke Evan , Maggiolo Ailiena , Allen Benjamin , Krebs Carsten , Silakov Alexey , Boal Amie , Bollinger Jr. J. Martin
Published: February 2024

Hyoscyamine 6β-hydroxylase (H6H) is an Fe(II)- and 2-oxoglutarate-dependent (Fe/2OG) oxygenase that catalyzes the last two steps in the biosynthesis of scopolamine, a prolifically administered anti-nausea drug. After its namesake first reaction, H6H couples the newly installed C6-bonded oxygen to C7 to form the epoxide of scopolamine. Oxoiron(IV) (ferryl) intermediates initiate both reactions by cleaving C–H bonds, but it remains unclear how the enzyme switches target site and promotes (C6)O–C7 coupling in preference to C7 hydroxylation in the second step. In one possible epoxidation mechanism, the C6 oxygen would – analogously to mechanisms proposed for the Fe/2OG halogenases and, in the preceding paper, N-acetylnorloline synthase (LolO) – coordinate as alkoxide to the C7–H-cleaving ferryl intermediate to enable alkoxyl coupling to the ensuing C7 radical. Here we provide structural and kinetic evidence that H6H instead exploits the distinct spatial dependencies of competitive C–H-cleavage (C6 vs C7) and C–O-coupling (oxygen rebound vs cyclization) steps to promote the two-step sequence without substrate coordination or repositioning for the epoxidation step. Structural comparisons of ferryl-mimicking vanadyl complexes of wild-type H6H and a variant that preferentially hydroxylates C7 of 6-hydroxyhyoscyamine suggest that only a modest (~ 10°) shift in the Fe–O–H(C7) approach angle is sufficient to change the outcome. The observation that, in wild-type H6H, 2H2O solvent also increases the C7-hydroxylation:epoxidation ratio by ~ 8-fold implies that the latter outcome requires cleavage of the alcohol O-H bond, which, unlike in the LolO oxacyclization, is not accomplished in advance of C–H cleavage.
Selective glycerol to lactic acid conversion via a tandem effect between platinum and metal oxides with abundant acid groups
Authors: Luo Hui , Xu Mianle , Liu Sihang , Tarantino Giulia , Yadegari Hossein , Li Alain Y. , Chan Karen , Hammond Ceri , Kastlunger Georg , Stephens Ifan E. L. , Titirici Maria-Magdalena
Published: February 2024

Phasing out petrochemical-based thermoplastics with bio-plastics produced in an energy efficient and environmentally friendly way is of paramount interest. Among them, polylactic acid (PLA) is the flagship with its production accounting for 19% of the entire bioplastics industry. Glycerol electrolysis for producing the monomer lactic acid, while co-generating green H2, represents a promising approach to boost the production of PLA, yet the reaction selectivity has been a bottleneck. Here, we report a combined electrochemical and chemical route using a tandem Pt/C-γ-Al2O3 multicomponent catalyst which can achieve a glycerol-to-lactic acid selectivity of 60.2 ± 2.7%, among the highest performance reported so far. Combining an experimental and computational mechanistic analysis, we suggest that tuning the acidic sites on catalyst surface is crucial for shifting the reaction towards the dehydration pathway, occurring via dihydroxyacetone intermediate. Within the tandem effect, Pt is the active site to electrochemically catalyze glycerol to dihydroxyacetone and glyceraldehyde, while the γ-Al2O3 provides the required acidic sites for catalyzing dihydroxyacetone to the pyruvaldehyde intermediate, which will then go through Cannizzaro rearrangement, catalyzed by the OH- ions to form lactic acid. This catalytic synergy improves the selectivity towards lactic acid by nearly two-fold. A selectivity descriptor (ΔG_(GLAD^* )-ΔG_(DHA^* )) from density functional theory calculations was identified, which could be used to screen other materials in further research. Our findings highlight the promise of tandem electrolysis in the development of strategies for selective electrochemical production of high-value commodity chemicals from low value (waste) precursors.
Personalized treatment options of refractory and relapsed medulloblastoma in children: literature review
Authors: Dinikina Yulia V. , Zheludkova Olga G. , Belogurova Margarita B. , Spelnikov Dmitry M. , Osipov Nikolai N. , Nikitina Irina L.
Published: February 2024

Medulloblastoma (MB) is the most common malignant tumor of the central nervous system in pediatric patients. Despite the complex anticancer therapy approach, refractory and relapsing forms of the disease remain fatal in most cases and account for approximately 30%. To date, repeated surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy can be used as life-prolonging treatment options; nevertheless, it should be emphasized that there are no standardized approaches based on existing data of molecular variants of MB. It is obvious that only a deep understanding of the biological mechanisms in association with clinical aspects in refractory and relapsing forms of MB would make it possible to personalize second- and subsequent-line therapy in order to achieve maximum efficiency and minimize early and long-term toxicity. The article presents the current understanding of prognostic factors in relapsed/refractory forms of MB, methods of modern diagnostics, as well as existing and perspective treatment options based on the biological and clinical aspects of the disease.
Results of pelvic exenteration in patients with cervical cancer: clinical experience
Authors: Khakimov Golib A. , Khakimova Gulnoz G.
Published: February 2024

Background. Despite the progress in pelvic exenteration (PE) technique in international oncological practice, it is still debatable for cancer surgeons. The main reasons for its unpopularity are technical complexity, high rate of intra- and postoperative complications (60%), high postoperative mortality (30%), and challenging postoperative rehabilitation of patients.
Aim. To evaluate long-term outcomes after pelvic exenteration in patients with locally advanced recurrent cervical cancer.
Materials and methods. From September 2021 to December 2022, 23 PEs were performed, including 12 total and 11 anterior. The mean age was 52.2±10.0 years (range 39–83 years). All patients were diagnosed with locally advanced recurrent cervical cancer: 7 (30%) with stage II, 8 (35%) with stage III, and 8 (35%) with stage IV according to the TNM classification. Histologically, cervical cancer was represented by moderately differentiated squamous cell carcinoma. PE was preceded by the following treatments: neoadjuvant chemotherapy in 17 (74%) patients, surgical treatment in 4 (17%) patients, and chemoradiotherapy in 2 (9%) patients. More than half (56%) of patients achieved grade 2 therapeutic pathomorphism. The advanced disease involved the following adjacent organs: bladder (16; 70%), intestines (13; 56%), uterine endometrium (7; 30%), myometrium and parametrium (4; 17%), fallopian tubes, vagina, and ovary (2; 9%).
Results. The average follow-up time for patients was 9.4±8.8 months. Median time to progression – 8.7 months [5.9; 10.8]. During the observation period, 78.3% (18/23) of patients died. Progression was recorded in 39.1% (9/23) of patients. The 1-year overall survival of patients was 38.7% (median 8.9 months). The 1-year tumor-specific survival rate was 60.6% (median 14.1 months). The 1- and 3-year progression-free survival (PFS) rates were 63.0 and 49.0% (median, 13.4 months), respectively.
Conclusion. During the observation period, death occurred in 54.6% (12/23) of cases in the anterior PE group, and in 25% (6/23) in the total group. The median overall survival with anterior PE is 2 times higher compared to total PE (9.6 months versus 4.1 months). Median PFS was 13.4 months. For patients after anterior and total pelvic exenteration, 1-year PFS was 51.9±17.6 and 72.9±13.5; 3-year – 25.9±15.7 and 72.9±13.5 (p=0.178), respectively. Thus, PE is justified and significantly expands the possibilities of surgical treatment.
Formation of Methemoglobin by3- (Substituted) Phenylsydnones: an Evidence for their Nitric Oxide Donor Property
Authors: R Deshpande Shreenivas , V Patil Mrutyunjay , N Nagrale Sudarshan , Chavan Prithiviraj
Published: February 2024

The 3-phenylsubstituted phenyl sydnones and their alkaline hydrolytic products N-nitroso phenylsubstituted phenyl glycines were evaluated for in vitro methemoglobin formation with human blood hemolysate as an evidence for their nitric oxide donor activity. The 3-phenylsubstituted phenyl sydnones and N-nitroso phenylsubstituted phenyl glycines at 8.0microM in DMF and 2mL human blood hemolysate were incubated at 37o C for 15 min. The absorbances were measured at 631nm to track the formation of methemoglobin against reagent blank. The 3-phenylsydnone exhibited higher methemoglobin formation than substituted phenyl sydnones. The N-nitroso phenyl substituted phenyl glycines also produced good amount of methemoglobin. Thus this work formed an evidence for the nitric oxide donor activity of 3-phenylsubstituted phenyl sydnones N-nitroso phenylsubstituted phenyl glycines.
Xeroderma Pigmentosum with Cockayne Syndrome Complex
Authors: Fathima Nazish , Elsa Rengith Rejula , Bensen Juby
Published: February 2024

Xeroderma pigmentosum-Cockayne syndrome complex is the coexistence of two genodermatoses Xeroderma pigmentosum XP and Cockayne syndrome CS in one patient. It is a very rare multisystem degenerative disorder with extreme sensitivity to sunlight resulting in sunburn pigment changes in the skin. This is the case of an 8-year ndashold girl with significant hyperpigmentation in sun-exposed areas and swaying towards left side while walking. Many similar cases have been reported in foreign literature. This case report highlights the difficulties encountered due to the lack of diagnostic and treatment modalities for this child and offer a brief review of XP-CS complex including emerging treatments that show potential.
A Case Report: Carbamazepine Induced Stevens Johnson Syndrome
Authors: Sheetal Ninne , Gajanan Gandage Manjunath , Neelkanta Reddy Patil , Pooja Salimath , Vasavi Katari , Reddy Lohini Gangi
Published: February 2024

Stevens-Johnson syndrome is a rare serious disorder of the skin and mucous membrane. SJS is potentially life threatening and commonly drug induced. A 18 year old female patient admitted to department of Dermatology at a tertiary care hospital with the chief complaints of fever associated with chills of severe intensity conjunctivitis burning maturation multiple Erythomatous to hyper pigmented lesions and maculopapular rashes all over the body including face neck chest and upper and lower limbs. On the next day crustations on the angle of mouth ulcer over buccal mucosa few bullae on trunk and eroded lesions over genital were observed. Patient had a history of an episode of seizures for which tab. carbamazepine 200 mg has been prescribed. These signs and symptoms were started after taking tab. Carbamazepine 200 mg on 3rd day. Based on signs and symptoms of the patient and the tendency of carbamazepine to produce SJS the diagnosis was confirmed as carbamazepine induced Stevens - Johnson syndrome. As Carbamazepine is known to cause SJS it is essential to monitor the therapy.
From Editorial Desk
Authors: A.R. Shabaraya Dr.
Published: February 2024

None
RP-HPLC Method for Estimation of Daclatasvir in Bulk and Tablet Dosage Form
Authors: Gayathri Devi Makupalli , Raju Kundavaram , Terala Archana
Published: February 2024

A new simple accurate precise RP-HPLC method for the quantitative determination of Daclatasvir was developed and validated as per ICH guidelines for the parameters like accuracy precision robustness repeatability LOD and LOQ. Daclatasvir is a direct-acting antiviral agent against Hepatitis C Virus HCV used for the treatment of chronic HCV genotype 1 and 3 infection. It is marketed under the name DAKLINZA and in daily oral tablets as the hydrochloride salt form. The drug was injected into Denali C8 250mm4.6mm 5micro maintained at ambient temperature and effluent monitored at 304 nm. Different mobile phase compositions were trailed out of which the mobile phase consisting of 0.01N KH2 PO4 Acetonitrile in the ratio of 5050 VV was selected as optimized because it has given sharp peak with good resolution. The flow rate was maintained at 1.0 mlm. The calibration curve for Daclatasvir was linear from 15-90 microgml r2 for Daclatasvir0.999. The proposed method was adequate sensitive reproducible accurate and precise for the determination of Daclatasvir in bulk and pharmaceutical dosage forms.
Editorial
Authors: A.R. Shabaraya Dr.
Published: February 2024

None
Assessment of Toxicity, Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines and Cytoprotective Potential of the Phytosaponin in Isolated Rat Pancreatic Islets
Authors: Kumar Jha Deepak , Koneri Raju
Published: February 2024

The objective of this study was to evaluate the in-depth toxicity assessment of pro-inflammatory and cytoprotective activity of phytosaponin. Saponin was isolated from methanolic extract of fruits of Momordica dioica and purification was achieved through the fractionation method of TLC. Toxicities were done as per OECD guidelines viz. In vivo micronucleus test 474 In vitro micronucleus test 487 In vitro chromosomal aberration test 473 in Neuroblastoma cells NB41A3 lines and Ames test 471. Saponin Momordica dioica was screened for production of pro-inflammatory cytokines viz. IL-1beta IL-6 and TNF-alpha was determined by ELISA against high glucose-induced cytoprotective activity like iNOS determined by western blot of against STZ-induced beta cell destruction in pancreatic isolated islets of rat. It was found that phytosaponin does not possess significant toxicities. Isolated pancreatic islet cells treated with high glucose produced pro-inflammatory cytokines which were reduced upon treatment with phytosaponin as compared to the high glucose control group. In similarly mediator of inflammation like iNOS was assessed and analysis showed SMD inhibited moderately in STZ stimulated pancreatic islet cells. The results concluded that phytosaponin possesses moderate to good cytoprotective nature and proves itself to be a potential candidate against diabetes