bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sociodemographic and health factors associated with genetic testing in Australia: insights from a cohort-based study of 45,061 participants
Authors: Goldsbury David E. , Kang Yoon-Jung , Tang Catherine , Tanha Hamzeh M. , Smit Amelia K. , Dunlop Kate L. A. , Petelin Lara , Ngo Preston , Hui Harriet , Meagher Nicola S. , Merritt Melissa A. , Weber Marianne , DeFazio Anna , Cust Anne E. , Canfell Karen , Steinberg Julia
Published: February 2025

With increasing availability of genetic tests, it is important to consider differences in testing patterns between population subgroups. We examined self-reported genetic testing among 45,061 participants of the Australian population-based 45 and Up Study, testing for associations with sociodemographic and health characteristics (multivariable logistic regression). 9.2% of participants reported ever having genetic testing; 3.9% reported disease-related testing, 5.2% non-disease-related testing, 0.7% both disease-related and non-disease-related testing. Disease-related genetic testing was strongly associated with younger age, female sex, history of cancers and cardiovascular disease, and cancer family history. Disease-related testing was also strongly associated with higher education (university versus school certificate: adjusted OR [aOR] = 1.50 [95%CI:1.29–1.75]; certificate/diploma versus school certificate: aOR = 1.40 [95%CI:1.20–1.63]); there was suggestive evidence for association with higher household income ($AUD90,000+ versus <$AUD30,000: aOR = 1.22 [95%CI:1.02–1.46]), which strengthened when not adjusting for education (aOR = 1.34 [95%CI:1.13–1.60]). These results suggest further work on ensuring equitable access is needed to prevent potential health inequities.
Clinical prediction model for transition to psychosis in individuals meeting At Risk Mental State criteria
Authors: Bonnett Laura J. , Hunt Alexandra , Flores Allan , Tudur Smith Catrin , Varese Filippo , Byrne Rory , Law Heather , Milicevic Marko , Carney Rebekah , Parker Sophie , Yung Alison R. ,   On behalf of the IPPACT Study Group which also includes, Shah Jai , Pruessner Marita , Malla Ashok , Ziermans Tim , Durston Sarah , Chang W. C. , Morrison Anthony , Shiers David , van der Gaag Mark , McFarlane William , Welsh Patrick , Tiffin Paul , Riecher-Rössler Anita , Studerus Erich , Schultze-Lutter Frauke , Ruhrmann Stephan , Klosterkötter Joachim , An Suk Kyoon , Qurashi Inti , Huasain Nusrat , Chu Simon , Amminger Paul , Kotlicka-Antczak Magdalena , Addington Jean , Rigucci Silvia , Verma Swapna , Chan Chun Ting , Katsura Masahiro , Matsumoto Kazunori , Takahashi Tsutomu , Gaspar Pablo , Castillo Rolando , Corral Sebastian , Mayol-Troncoso Rocio , Maturana Alejandro , Uhlhaas Peter , Rüsch Nicolas
Published: February 2025

Background

The At Risk Mental State (ARMS) (also known as the Ultra or Clinical High Risk) criteria identify individuals at high risk for psychotic disorder. However, there is a need to improve prediction as only about 18% of individuals meeting these criteria develop a psychosis with 12-months. We have developed and internally validated a prediction model using characteristics that could be used in routine practice.

Methods

We conducted a systematic review and individual participant data meta-analysis, followed by focus groups with clinicians and service users to ensure that identified factors were suitable for routine practice. The model was developed using logistic regression with backwards selection and an individual participant dataset. Model performance was evaluated via discrimination and calibration. Bootstrap resampling was used for internal validation.

Results

We received data from 26 studies contributing 3739 individuals; 2909 from 20 of these studies, of whom 359 developed psychosis, were available for model building. Age, functioning, disorders of thought content, perceptual abnormalities, disorganised speech, antipsychotic medication, cognitive behavioural therapy, depression and negative symptoms were associated with transition to psychosis. The final prediction model included disorders of thought content, disorganised speech and functioning. Discrimination of 0.68 (0.5-1 scale; 1=perfect discrimination) and calibration of 0.91 (0-1 scale; 1=perfect calibration) showed the model had fairly good predictive ability.

Discussion

The statistically robust prediction model, built using the largest dataset in the field to date, could be used to guide frequency of monitoring and enable rational use of health resources following assessment of external validity and clinical utility.
Heterogeneous model for superdiffusive movement of dense core vesicles in C. elegans
Authors: Gavrilova Anna , Korabel Nickolay , Allan Victoria J. , Fedotov Sergei
Published: February 2025

Transport of dense core vesicles (DCVs) in neurons is crucial for distributing molecules like neuropeptides and growth factors. We studied the experimental trajectories of dynein-driven directed movement of DCVs in the ALA neuron in C. elegans over a duration of up to 6 seconds. We analysed the DCV movement in three strains of C. elegans: (1) with normal kinesin-1 function, (2) with reduced function in kinesin light chain 2 (KLC-2), and (3) a null mutation in kinesin light chain 1 (KLC-1). We find that DCVs move superdiffusively with displacement variance
$$var(x) \sim t^2$$
in all three strains with low reversal rates and frequent immobilization of DCVs. The distribution of DCV displacements fits a beta-binomial distribution with the mean and the variance following linear and quadratic growth patterns, respectively. We propose a simple heterogeneous random walk model to explain the observed superdiffusive retrograde transport behaviour of DCV movement. This model involves a random probability with the beta density for a DCV to resume its movement or remain in the same position. To validate our model further, we measure the first passage time for a DCV to reach a certain threshold for the first time. According to the model, the first passage time distribution should follow a beta-negative binomial distribution with the same parameters as the DCV displacement distributions. Our experimental data confirm this prediction.
Integration of Euclidean and path distances in hippocampal maps
Authors: Ottink Loes , de Haas Naomi , Doeller Christian F.
Published: February 2025

The hippocampus is a key region for forming mental maps of our environment. These maps represent spatial information such as distances between landmarks. A cognitive map can allow for flexible inference of spatial relationships that have never been directly experienced before. Previous work has shown that the human hippocampus encodes distances between locations, but it is unclear how Euclidean and path distances are distinguished. In this study, participants performed an object-location task in a virtual environment. We combined functional magnetic resonance imaging with representational similarity analysis to test how Euclidean and path distances are represented in the hippocampus. We observe that hippocampal neural pattern similarity for objects scales with distance between object locations, and suggest that the hippocampus integrates Euclidean and path distances. One key characteristic of cognitive maps is their adaptive and flexible nature. We therefore subsequently modified path distances between objects using roadblocks in the environment. We found that hippocampal pattern similarity between objects adapted as a function of these changes in path distance, selectively in route learners but not in map learners. Taken together, our study supports the idea that the hippocampus creates integrative and flexible cognitive maps.
Children consider others’ need and reputation in costly sharing decisions
Authors: Blakey Kirsten H.
Published: February 2025

Children’s sharing decisions are shaped by recipient characteristics such as need and reputation, yet studies often focus on one characteristic at a time. This research examines how combinations of recipient characteristics impact costly sharing decisions among 3- to 9-year-old children (N = 186). Children were informed about the material need (needy or not needy) and reputation (sharing or not sharing) of potential recipients before having the opportunity to share stickers with them. Results indicated that sharing was higher when the recipient was needy and increased more when the recipient had a reputation for sharing. Children shared over half of their stickers with a needy, sharing recipient, and less than half with a not needy, not sharing recipient. Children shared equally with recipients who were needy and not sharing or not needy and sharing, suggesting no preference for either characteristic. To explore the emotional benefits of sharing, children rated their own and the recipient’s mood before and after sharing, showing a greater increase in ratings of the recipient’s mood when more resources were shared. These findings suggest that children consider multiple recipient characteristics in their sharing decisions, demonstrating altruism toward those in need and indirectly reciprocating past sharing based on reputation.
Raman spectroscopy of ovarian and peritoneal tissue in the assessment of ovarian cancer
Authors: Frimpong Diana , Shore Angela C , Gardner Ben , Newton Claire , Pawade Joya , Frost Jonathan , Atherton Laura , Stone Nick
Published: February 2025

During post chemotherapy surgery for ovarian cancer, it is important to ensure that any residual disease is carefully assessed and removed. The assessment remains subjective, despite clear evidence of the...
The role of aluminum doping in shaping the mechanical properties of p-type 4H-SiC
Authors: Yang Yanwei , Tong Zhouyu , Pi Xiaodong , Yang Deren , Huang Yuanchao
Published: February 2025

The mechanical properties of p-type 4H-SiC doped with Al are lower than those of undoped 4H-SiC.
CrystEngComm
Authors: Zhao Fang-Hua , Li Yu-Shuo , Li Shu-Qi , Wu Xiao-Hong , He Yuan-Chun , Li Zhong Lin
Published: February 2025

Uric acid (UA) is a vital indicators for various metabolic diseases, tryptophan (Trp) is one of the eight essential amino acids in the human body. UA and Trp both play...
Biphenylene Concentric Nanorings as High-Performance Anode Materials for Lithium-Ion Batteries: A DFT-Based Study on Lithium Intercalation and Capacity Enhancement
Authors: Ganaie Zubair  Nabi , Johari Priya
Published: February 2025

Biphenylene network (BPN), a newly discovered two-dimensional sp\texttwosuperior-hybridized carbon allotrope composed of 4-6-8 carbon rings, shows great potential in energy storage applications. In this study, biphenylene concentric nanorings (BPNCRs), derived...
Building a cost-effective mechanochemical Raman system: improved spectral and time resolution for in situ reaction and rheology monitoring
Authors: Zgrablić Goran , Senkić Ana , Vidović Noa , Užarević Krunoslav , Čapeta Davor , Brekalo Ivana , Rakić Mario
Published: February 2025

Raman spectroscopy has become an indispensable tool for in operando monitoring in preparative mechanochemistry due to its ability to provide real-time, non-invasive insight into solid-state reactions. While commercial systems based...
Effect of the Carbon Nanodots on the cellular redox reactions and immune system.
Authors: Verma Surabhi , Bhatt Manini , Das Bodhisatwa
Published: February 2025

Carbon nanodots are ultra-small carbonaceous nanostructures with excellent photoluminescence and cytocompatibility properties which make them suitable for developing excellent bioimaging probes. They exhibit dual properties, generating and scavenging reactive oxygen...
Environmental innovation: polyaniline–cuttlebone nanocomposite as a potent antimicrobial agent and a synergistic barrier against doxorubicin-induced toxicity
Authors: Salama Esraa , Abo El-Ela Fatma I. , Hassan Walid Hamdy , Farghali Ahmed A. , Eweis Abdullah A. , Hafez Sarah H. M. , Mahmoud Rehab
Published: February 2025

Possible interactions between PANI and CB.
Reactivity-based small-molecule fluorescence probes for sensing biogenic amine Cadaverine - a biomarker to determine food freshness
Authors: Shanmugaraju Sankarasekaran , Noushija Mannanthara Kunhumon , ALENTHWAR VAMSHI KRISHNA , Mehboob Ali Ruhila Taj
Published: February 2025

The design and fabrication of sensor probes to check food freshness and assess food quality is an essential area of research. Every year, millions of people are affected by food...
Constructing dual interfacial gold nanodot interlayers in sandwich-structured BaTiO3/P(VDF-HFP) composites for high energy storage density
Authors: Yin Peng , Bie Xiaohan , Tang Qingyang , Zhu Linwei , Fan Runhua , Dastan Davoud , Cui Hongzhi , Zhang Kun , Shi Zhicheng
Published: February 2025

Dual interfacial gold nanodot interlayers are introduced into a BT/P(VDF-HFP) trilayer composite to achieve a significantly improved discharge energy density of 14.78 J cm−3, which is approximately 176.4% that of the BT-3L composite (∼8.38 J cm−3).
Heterocycles in reactions with boradigermaallyl
Authors: Kern Ralf Herbert , Schmiedel Paul Leon , Schubert Hartmut , Wesemann Lars
Published: February 2025

Reactions of boradigermaallyl, which can also be regarded as a chloroborylene stabilzed by two germylene donors, with thiophene, furan, pyridazine and 2,2’-bipyridine are presented. Insertion of the boron atom into...
The influence of fluorine spin-diffusion on 13C solid-state NMR line shapes of CF3 groups
Authors: Bartalucci Ettore , Quaranta Calogero , Manzoni Fabio , d'Anciães Almeida Silva Igor , Zobel Mirijam , Bolm Carsten , Ernst Matthias , Wiegand Thomas
Published: February 2025

Indirect spin-spin couplings (“J-couplings”) lead to well-known multiplet patterns in Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectra that are also observable in non-decoupled solid-state NMR spectra, if the J-coupling constant exceeds the...
Betaine–salicylic acid cocrystal for enhanced skincare and acne treatment
Authors: Wang Zhenyuan , Wang Mi , Tao Qingsheng , Li Yufei , Wang Hao , Zhang Mei , Liu Xueli , Zhang Jiaheng
Published: February 2025

We developed a betaine–salicylic acid cocrystal with enhanced bioactivity, biocompatibility, and clinical anti-acne effect. Its structure–activity relationship was investigated through single-crystal analysis and multiple simulations.
Performance Evaluation of Ru-Pt Alloy Nanoparticles Catalyst for Hydroxylammonium nitrate (HAN) Based Propellant
Authors: Zhou Xiushuang , Shen Yu , Li Xubo , Huang Yongmin
Published: February 2025

Hydroxylammonium nitrate (HAN) based propellants represent the next generation monopropellants for the rocket launch vehicles. Ruthenium is a promising catalytic material for HAN based propellant, with the merit of high...
Recycling paper sludge into hydrochar and ZnO nanocomposite for enhanced ammonium adsorption in aqueous solutions
Authors: Hoang Van Hung , Nguyen Thi Minh Phuong , Nguyen Thi Dong , Nguyen Thi Hong Vien , Chu Thi Hong Huyen , Hoang Le Phuong , Thang Phan Quang , Nguyen Lan Huong , Hoang Trung Kien , Van Huu-Tap
Published: February 2025

This study investigates the ammonium (NH4+) adsorption capabilities of hydrochar derived from paper waste sludge (PWSH) and its modified variant with ZnO (PWSH@ZnO).
MXene/nanocellulose/carbon sphere composite films with a multistage “egg-box” structure for electromagnetic-interference shielding and pressure sensors
Authors: Wei Lansheng , Ren Yu , Hou Yujie , Jin Peng , Zheng Yonghua , Wu Zhengguo
Published: February 2025

With advances in smart wearable electronics, there is a substantial demand for flexible electronic skins with electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding.
Guarding our water together: the silent threats and sustainable solutions of cyanotoxins monitoring in freshwater
Authors: Chang Lee Wei , Yap Michelle Khai Khun
Published: February 2025

Cyanotoxins are the hidden dangers of freshwater lakes produced by cyanobacteria in warm and nutrient-rich environments, which are becoming more prevalent due to climate changes. The sophisticated monitoring methods of cyanotoxins, such as liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, are usually time-consuming, complicated, and expensive. This is where innovative biosensors offer promising and sustainable solutions for cyanotoxins monitoring because they are portable, user-friendly, and cost-effective, which can quickly detect the presence of cyanotoxins. These “cyanotoxins detectives” use enzymes, antibodies, nucleic acids, and receptors to capture and produce signals in the presence of toxins. We conduct a compelling case study at a freshwater recreational lake, Taman Aman Lake, in Petaling Jaya, Malaysia. The lake is dominated by Microcystis aeruginosa, a cyanobacteria known for producing microcystins, and it exemplifies the need for accessible monitoring solutions. Thus, a sustainable toolkit, MicStripTM, an optical biosensor, is developed to provide on-site and continuous monitoring of cyanotoxin detection through simple colour changes. MicStripTM transforms complex bioscience procedures into sustainable, accessible, community-driven solutions for protecting water ecosystems and public health. The key agenda for sustainable lake management shall involve community stewardship. By empowering the community as citizen scientists and educational outreach programs, the community can be the active guardian of freshwater resources.
Relevance and prospects of precision agro-technology development in the context of sustainable agriculture
Authors: Al-Rahmi Waleed Mugahed , Modina M.A. , Grigoryan A.G. , Tavbulatova Zulay K.
Published: February 2025

The article considers the relevance of the development of precision agro-technologies at the present stage of agricultural development. The problems of traditional farming leading to soil degradation, lower production efficiency and negative impact on the environment are analyzed. Alternative approaches such as biological and sustainable farming are considered and their limitations in ensuring food security are shown. The importance of precision agro-technologies based on differentiated management of agrosystems taking into account their heterogeneity is emphasized, which allows optimizing the use of resources and reducing the negative impact on the environment. The results of experimental work demonstrating the savings of fertilizers and pesticides in the application of precision agriculture, as well as the increase in the accuracy of technological operations are presented. The necessity of developing a new economic strategy for agriculture, stimulating the introduction of innovative technologies and ensuring the sustainability of the agricultural sector is substantiated. The aim of the work is to substantiate the need for an integrated approach to agricultural development, taking into account technological, economic, social and environmental aspects, as well as the role of the state in supporting innovation.
Innovative tool for sustainable production and recycling of agro-industrial wastes
Authors: Turchanin Oleg S. , Grigoryan David R. , Ukraintseva Irina V. , Nazarov Igor V. , Tolstoukhova Tatiana N.
Published: February 2025

This article explores the potential of using black lionfly larvae in the entomoindustry as an alternative to traditional animal husbandry. Traditional methods of food production are resource intensive and lead to environmental pollution. The use of insects, in particular black lionfly larvae, to process organic waste into valuable products such as fodder, biohumus and protein concentrates is a sustainable and environmentally friendly approach. Experiments have shown that the larvae efficiently recycle different types of waste, and less water and feed are required to produce 1kg of protein from the insects compared to beef protein production. The developed business model of the entomotechnology enterprise includes centralised and decentralised logistics and offers three options for business development. The most promising is a mixed approach, combining the production and sale of equipment and final products. It is noted that the market for entomoindustry equipment is underdeveloped, indicating potential for development. The study emphasises the economic and environmental feasibility of using black lionwort for sustainable production.
Analysis of biotechnological approaches to utilisation of organic wastes from livestock and poultry production
Authors: Al-Rahmi Waleed Mugahed , Kuznetsova Yu.S. , Grankina Natalia A. , Bogus Aslan Yu. , Panchenko Sergey V.
Published: February 2025

The article is devoted to the study of innovative biotechnologies for processing organic animal waste to produce environmentally friendly fertilisers. Three main approaches are considered: aerobic fermentation, use of mobile biocomplexes and anaerobic digestion. Aerobic fermentation is the composting of manure and dung with carbon-containing additives. Mobile biocomplexes allow waste to be processed on-site using mixtures of manure, manure and crop residues. Anaerobic technology involves digestion of manure in hermetically sealed plants to produce biogas and liquid fertiliser. Experiments conducted under laboratory and pilot conditions have produced results demonstrating the effectiveness of each method. Aerobic fermentation has been shown to be simple and effective, but requires more time and space. Mobile biocomplexes provide faster processing but require more sophisticated equipment. Anaerobic digestion, although more complex, produces biogas and valuable liquid fertiliser, and is the most promising option.
Production of biohumus by microbiological processing of forestry wastes
Authors: Choriev Ruzimurat , Toshmatov Ravshan , Kuziev Abdimurot , Majidova Shahnoza , Zatsarinnaya Irina A. , Sablina Polina A.
Published: February 2025

The article discusses the relevance and feasibility of biotechnology for the rehabilitation of ecosystems, in particular, rural areas. An integrated approach to the processing of agricultural and forestry wastes, such as bark dumps, is proposed in order to reduce the negative impact on the environment and obtain valuable products. The research was carried out in Perm Krai and included the stages of sorting, microbiological treatment of waste, and application of the resulting biohumus into the soil. As an example, the recycling of pulp and paper mill bark dump was considered, where a method of microbiological processing with vermiculture was developed. This allowed to reduce the volume of waste, reduce its fire hazard and obtain biohumus rich in humic acids. The obtained biohumus was successfully used as an organic fertiliser, which resulted in a 20-35% increase in the yield of barley, oats, wheat and vegetable crops compared to control plots. The research confirms the effectiveness of the proposed method for solving environmental problems and improving soil fertility, as well as its difference from traditional waste utilisation methods.
Effect of pre-sowing seed treatment with semiconductor laser radiation on soft wheat productivity and its resistance to diseases
Authors: Kolesnikov L.E. , Fokina M.I. , Kolesnikova Yu.R. , Chernikova N.V. , Yakhyaev G.G.R.
Published: February 2025

The study of the effectiveness of soft wheat seeds pre-sowing treatment with a continuous semiconductor laser (the wavelength of λ = 637 nm, the power density (Wp) of 2, 4, 8 W/m2, the duration of exposure of 5, 30, 60 seconds) is presented in the work. The maximal increase in the wheat yield, as well as in the growth of most morphometric indicators of its productivity, was recorded in the experimental variant during pre-sowing seed treatment with the laser with a maximum power density of 8 W/m2 and with the longest exposure time of 60 seconds. In addition, when seeds were irradiated with a laser with a maximum power density of 8 W/m2, a decrease in the development of a complex of especially dangerous pathogens (helminthosporiosis root rot, septoria-pyrenophorous spotting, yellow rust) was observed. In general, with an increase in the power density of laser radiation and in the time of its exposure to seeds, the growth of the maximum number of morphometric indicators of wheat productivity and a decrease in the intensity of disease affect were revealed.
State and development of farms in Uzbekistan as a basis for food security
Authors: Shavazov Kadirjon , Khojibekova Shokhida , Mukimov Bayramali , Umirov Abdigappar , Kadirova Shakhnoza
Published: February 2025

The work is devoted to the study of directions of effective development and functioning of farms in the conditions of modern economy, with emphasis on the role of innovations in this process. The study was carried out on the basis of analysing the experience of farming activity of agro-enterprises of the Republic of Uzbekistan. Also the analysis of normative-legal acts and statistical data in the field of agro-industrial complex of the Republic of Uzbekistan with the use of methods of comparative and logical analysis was carried out. Introduction of innovative technologies is a key condition for sustainable development of farms, increasing their productivity and competitiveness. Factors hindering the introduction of innovations are analysed and ways of their solution are proposed. Special attention is paid to the experience of Uzbekistan, where the agricultural sector plays an important role in the economy. In particular, examples of introduction of drip irrigation, precision farming, modern technologies in livestock breeding and greenhouse farms are considered. The results of the study highlight the importance of creating a favourable innovation environment, as well as strengthening state support and incentives for scientific research.
Influence of irrigation and fertilisation on yield and quality of green mass of maize in soil-climatic conditions of the Republic of Tatarstan
Authors: Safiollin F.N. , Lukmanov A.A. , Khismatullin M.M. , Suleimanov S.R. , Yakhin I.F.
Published: February 2025

The present work deals with the issues of comparative evaluation of cultivation of hybrid maize Ross 140 CB on rainfed and irrigated plots with the application of calculated rates of mineral fertilisers for the planned yield of green mass 30, 40, 50 t/ha with cobs in milk-wax ripeness. The results of 3 years of research (2022-2024) established that irrigation and fertilisation enhances the effect of each other, providing 50.7 t/ha of green mass with a yield increase of 23.4 t/ha, which is 114% higher than the control variant of the experiment (without irrigation and fertilisation). Payback of one kg of mineral fertilisers was 13.8 kg of grain units, against 6-8 kg on average in the Republic of Tatarstan on spring wheat crops. The quality of green mass (in terms of crude protein content, crude fat, sum of sugars and especially the ratio of sum of sugars to digestible protein) corresponds to normative (zootechnical) indicators of cattle feeding
The strength of the influence of polymorphism of the kappa-casein and diacylglycerol o-acyltransferase gene polymorphisms on the economically useful qualities of dairy cattle
Authors: Shaydullin Radik R. , Zagidullin Lenar R. , Akhmetov Tahir M. , Tyulkin Sergey V. , Konakova Irina A.
Published: February 2025

The aim of the work was to study the strength and reliability of the effect of genotypes of kappacasein (CSN3) and diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase (DGAT1) and their complex combination (CSN3/DGAT1) on 12 economically useful traits of black sow cattle. It was found that CSN3 genotype had the greatest reliable effect on the mass fraction of protein in milk in first heifers and high-yielding cows. The share of its influence was η2= 8.9–15.2% (Ffact.= 10.6–12.5; P<0.001). The effect was also found on age at first calving η2= 1.8–2.1% (Ffact.= 3.2–4.2; P<0.05) and milk proteinη2= 4.9% (Ffact.= 3.6; P<0.05) only in first-calving heifers. The DGAT1 genotype significantly (P<0.05–0.001) affected the mass fraction of fat – η2= 10.0–13.2% (Ffact.= 10.6–11.3) and milk protein – η2= 3.2–7.3% (Ffact.= 3.5–5.4), milk fat – η2= 2.9–7.5% (Ffact = 3.1–5.6) и белка – η2= 8.4% (Ffact.= 6.4), milk yield per lactation – η2= 7.6–8.1% (Ffact.= 6.3- 8.7). The milk productivity indicators are more widely influenced by DGAT1 genotype.
Antimicrobial properties of a new bactericide for veterinary disinfection
Authors: Shcherbakova Gulizar Sh. , Popov Nikolay I. , Shuteeva Ekaterina N. , Kuvshinchikov Nikolay N. , Pirozhikhin Viktor A. , Gruznova Olga A. , Gruznov Dmitry V.
Published: February 2025

The work presents the results of a study on a new disinfectant known as “Aseptobrom” for use in veterinary medicine. It contains didecyldimethylammonium bromide and alcohols as active substances. The laboratory trials showed that the disinfectant had significant antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli (strain 1257), Staphylococcus aureus (strain 209-P) and Mycobacterium (strain terrae). As a result, it was found that S. aureus was more sensitive than E. coli. When rough, moisture-absorbing surfaces were contaminated with E. coli, disinfection was achieved with a 1% solution (3-hour exposure, disinfectant consumption rate – 0.5 L/m2). In case of contamination with staphylococcus, a 0.4% solution was used. Other specified parameters were not changed. To destroy Mycobacterium, a concentration of 6.0% was required with an exposure of 24 h. Moreover, the disinfectant was applied twice with an interval of 60 min. The consumption rate of the preparation for each irrigation was 0.5 L/m2. A study of the corrosion properties of the preparation showed that, in comparison with sodium hydroxide, it has a slight corrosive effect on metal surfaces, in particular on stainless steel and iron test plates.
Microbial protein production based on complex plant raw materials: Technology development and efficiency assessment
Authors: Khudayarov Berdirasul , Abdukakhkharov Abduaziz , Axmedov Alim , Rustamova Nigora , Kuvvatova Mokhira
Published: February 2025

The possibility of using complex plant raw materials for microbial biomass production has been investigated. The chemical composition of different types of plant raw materials (grasses, beetroot, potatoes, corn, waste) of the northeastern region was analysed, which made it possible to develop an optimal nutrient medium for the cultivation of Candida scotti Tul-1. Cultivation was carried out in flasks and fermenter, controlling temperature, pH and aeration. The optimum concentration of sugar in the medium was found to be 4% and the culturing temperature was 28°C. The obtained biomass contained 60-62% protein with a balanced amino acid composition. The results demonstrate the promising use of plant raw materials for microbial protein production and waste utilisation. The developed technology can become the basis for sustainable and economically favourable production of protein feeds and food supplements. Further research is aimed at optimising the process and scaling up production.
Biogas technology of complete mixed fodders with application of absorption heat pump
Authors: Shevtsov Alexander Anatolievich , Vasilenko Vitaly Nikolaevich , Frolova Larisa Nikolaevna , Derkanosova Anna Aleksandrovna , Zheltoukhova Ekaterina Yuryevna
Published: February 2025

The biogas technology of complete mixed fodders with application of ab-sorption waterammonia heat pump (AWHP) is proposed. Involvement of ABTN in the technology allowed to prepare high- and low-potential energy carriers and provide stability of temperature regimes of the processes of anaerobic digestion of substrates at biogas production, moisture-heat treatment of grain with superheated steam, micronisation of grain flakes, drying and cooling of complete mixed fodder. Moisture extraction from biogas was carried out in a two-section apparatus with alternate operation of sections in the modes of freezing and regeneration. Absorption of carbon dioxide from the initial biogas was carried out by cooled water obtained by means of regenerative heat exchange with intermediate refrigerant, which was used as tosol. In a two-column catalytic desulphurisation reactor continuous desulphurisation of biogas was carried out by adsorption method using iron oxide as adsorbent. Variable mode of work of columns of the catalytic reactor provided continuity of process of chemical binding of hydrogen sulphide with adsorbent and regeneration of adsorbent by blowing with atmospheric air. Functioning of ABTN for generation of alternative energy was carried out from heat recovery of superheated steam supplied from the steam generator to the boilers. Ammonia condensation heat in the condenser of ABTH was effectively used to stabilise anaerobic digestion of substrates when warm water was supplied to the heating jacket of the bioreactor.
Current state and prospects for the development of the grain sector of china’s agro-industrial complex
Authors: Weiwei Luo , Kai Shang , Podmolodina I.M.
Published: February 2025

Grain production in China plays a crucial role in ensuring food security and sustainable economic growth. The country’s agriculture, including the cultivation of major grain crops, is in a constant process of modernization. This article analyzes the natural and economic characteristics of four major regions of China — Eastern, Central, Western, and Northeastern — and their impact on the structure of agricultural production. The article discusses the main cultural features, issues, and prospects related to the development of the grain sector. Based on data on grain production and exports, the authors conclude that China’s growing dependence on soybean imports persists despite efforts to increase domestic production volumes. In the future, the authors believe that special attention should be given to optimizing land resources, implementing precision farming technologies, and improving mechanization levels to enhance production efficiency.
Problems and ways of development of Russian agriculture
Authors: Skripkina Elena V. , Latyaheva Zoya I. , Lisitsina Julia V.
Published: February 2025

It analyses the current state of agriculture in Russia, identifies factors limiting its efficiency, such as lagging behind in technology and the lack of an effective system of innovation transfer. The study is based on the analysis of literary sources, statistical data and the results of experimental work. Particular attention is paid to the need to introduce modern agro-technologies, such as differentiated fertiliser application, precision seeding and the use of crop monitoring systems. It is shown that their application can significantly increase the yield and quality of agricultural products. The need to create a national innovation system, including adequate scientific and educational support, as well as effective public-private partnerships, is emphasised. It is concluded that the modernisation of agriculture is a strategically important task for Russia, requiring a comprehensive approach and active interaction between scientific institutions, business and the state.
Optimisation of agro-technologies for sustainable development of agriculture in Uzbekistan
Authors: Yusupov Sherzod , Azizov Inomdjon , Khaydarov Ramozon , Inadullaeva Sevara , Kholmirzayev Sattar
Published: February 2025

The analysis of food security problems in the Republic of Uzbekistan, considered in the context of global challenges and the diversity of strategies for the development of the agro-industrial complex is presented in this paper. Particular attention is paid to assessing the results of the ongoing agrarian reforms, analysing the unique agro-climatic conditions of Uzbekistan, and identifying the key factors hindering the sustainable development of agriculture. As part of the study, experimental work was carried out to examine the effectiveness of various agro-technological techniques and methods, including irrigation systems, fertiliser application and tillage methods, using modern equipment. The results showed that drip irrigation and organic fertilisers, combined with minimum tillage, provide significant savings in water resources, improved soil fertility and increased yields. Based on the analysis, the necessity of transition to intensive farming with the use of conservation technologies has been identified.
Prospects and feasibility of involvement of fallow lands in organic agricultural production
Authors: Ukraintseva Irina V. , Skvortsov Vadim P. , Dolzhikov Valery V. , Ivanov Pavel A. , Kharchenko Sergey N.
Published: February 2025

The study is devoted to assessing the relevance of the use of fallow and unused land for the production of organic products. The paper shows that this is a promising direction for solving agro-industrial and food problems. The growth of the world market of organic products and the importance of transition to sustainable agriculture are emphasised. Involvement of unused land contributes to the improvement of ecology, soil fertility and development of rural areas. The study focuses on Altai Krai, a region with high agrarian potential but low level of agricultural intensification. It substantiates the need to develop strategies to stimulate organic farming and rational land use. The work is an analysis, development of a regional programme, calculation of forecast values and evaluation of the effectiveness of the proposed measures, based on the analysis of literature, regional data, systematic approach and application of various research methods, including calculative-constructive and economic-mathematical. The result of the work is to substantiate the feasibility of involving fallow lands in agricultural turnover for the production of organic products.
Biotechnological complex for processing of plant raw materials and agricultural wastes
Authors: Kharchenko Sergey N. , Gulyaev Pavel V. , Tokareva Anna N. , Panchenko Sergey V. , Demchenko Maria S.
Published: February 2025

The work is devoted to the application of biotechnological complex for the processing of plant raw materials and agricultural waste. The complex includes equipment for raw material preparation, acid and enzymatic hydrolysis. The research is focused on studying the kinetics of these processes and optimising process parameters to maximise the yield of valuable products. Experimental results show significant differences in the efficiency of acid and enzymatic hydrolysis. Acid hydrolysis, especially at high temperatures and pressures, shows high conversion of biomass to reducing sugars, but leads to the formation of by-products. In contrast, enzymatic hydrolysis provides more selective cleavage and fewer by-products, although it requires more expensive enzymes. Comparison with traditional wheat processing methods confirms the advantages of the proposed integrated technology, which provides a significant increase in the yield of target products such as glucose-fructose syrup and starch. The developed complex can be used for research and training of specialists in the field of biotechnology, contributing to the development of innovative solutions in the agro-industrial sector.
Land reclamation development under conditions of climate aridity growth: Experience of the Republic of Tatarstan
Authors: Khismatullin Mars , Khismatullin Marsel , Kurakova Chulpan , Khakimov Timur , Tazeev Emil
Published: February 2025

The paper investigates the issues of climate aridity growth and its impact on agronomic and economic efficiency of agricultural production in the Republic of Tatarstan. The role of complex land reclamation as one of the main directions of intensification of agriculture designed to mitigate the negative effects of drought, increase the fertility of arable land, prevent the spread of soil degradation and erosion and, of course, increase the efficiency of crop cultivation is studied. Analysis of agrometeorological observations for more than a century (1900-2021) has shown an increase in climate aridity in the region, especially in the last 40 years. The results of assessment of economic efficiency of irrigated farming in the republic show that in the existing natural and climatic conditions that 1.5% of arable land area under irrigation can produce up to 18% of crop production in Tatarstan. Underestimation of the role of land reclamation development in the agrarian policy of the state has been revealed, it should be developed at a faster pace to ensure food security of the country. On the basis of experimental studies on the basis of farms of different organisational and legal forms the high efficiency of land reclamation in combination with other innovative measures is proved. Based on the results of the research, appropriate recommendations have been developed to improve the effectiveness of state support measures, development of public-private partnership and introduction of science and technology achievements in land reclamation farming to prevent the impact of negative weather-climatic and anthropogenic factors on the economic efficiency of agricultural production and restrain the development of degradation of fertile land cover.
System approach to ensuring the quality and safety of poultry meat production
Authors: Jumatov Yakubbay , Berdiev Darob , Saidaxmatov Sharifbek , Masenko Aleksey V. , Sablina Polina A.
Published: February 2025

The authors have analysed the factors affecting the quality and safety of production of poultry meat and secondary processed products in Russia. The study covers production dynamics since 2010, identifies regional specifics, and determines significant factors affecting product safety, such as biological, physiological, technological, socio-economic and regulatory aspects. Special attention is paid to the influence of the level of infrastructure development, climatic conditions, investment climate and state support on the distribution of production across regions. The paper substantiates the need to implement international quality standards such as GMP, ISO 9001 and HACCP as an effective tool to improve safety and competitiveness of the industry. The results emphasise the importance of an integrated approach that includes control of all stages of the production process and consideration of various factors affecting the quality and safety of poultry meat.
Morphological and productive differences between Chinese pullet chickens and broilers
Authors: Fozilov Golibjon , Umarov Isroil , Abdusalomov Okhunjon , Abdumajitova Sayyohat , Turchanin Oleg S. , Karadzhiyan Andrey M.
Published: February 2025

The aim of this study was to comparatively investigate morphological and productive characteristics of Chinese silk chickens and broilers. The experiment involved rearing birds under controlled conditions and analysing slaughter products. Significant differences between the breeds were found: broilers had higher mean carcass weight but lower relative heart and stomach weight compared to Chinese silkie hens. At the same time, broilers showed greater leg yield. Morphological differences including neck length and wing area were established. Chemical analysis showed that the meat of Chinese silk chickens contained more protein and less fat than that of broilers. The results confirm the general patterns observed in different breeds of birds and indicate that Chinese silk chickens are promising for alternative poultry production. These chickens, characterised by higher meat protein content and disease resistance, could be an attractive resource for health-oriented production. While broilers remain the optimal choice for mass meat production due to their high meat productivity. The study emphasises the need to further explore the potential of Chinese silk chickens and other alternative breeds.
Addition of sorghum grain to broiler chicken diets and its effect on productivity and safety
Authors: Shavazov Kadirjon , Mamatkulov Rustam , Tursunov Shokir , Hayitov Bobur , Izbasarova Zukhro
Published: February 2025

The research is devoted to studying the possibility of using sorghum grain as an alternative to corn in broiler chicken diets, which is an important aspect of diversifying the feed base of poultry farming. The aim of the work was to evaluate the effect of different levels of sorghum inclusion on productivity and safety of poultry. In the course of the experiment four groups of chickens of the cross ‘ROSS-308’ were formed, which received diets with different levels of replacement of corn with sorghum. The results showed that partial replacement of corn by sorghum within 20-40% does not have a negative impact on the main zootechnical indicators, and in some cases may even contribute to an increase in the safety of the livestock. The obtained data indicate the promising use of sorghum in feeding broiler chickens, especially in conditions of changing climate and the need to ensure stable feed production. Further research should be aimed at optimising the technology of mixed fodder production using sorghum and reducing the level of anti-nutrients.
Utilisation of secondary meat raw materials for the production of feed additives
Authors: Choriev Ruzimurat , Shaimardanov Baxtiyor , Boboyev Xamza , Karshiev Fakhridin , Nuritdinova Khurshida , Kurbonov Fazliddin , Nekrasova I.E.
Published: February 2025

The article deals with the actual problem of optimising the production of fodder for farm animals by using secondary raw materials of the meat industry. The aim of the work was to study the possibility of using low-value and secondary raw materials of the meat industry to create protein-mineral-vitamin supplements (PMVD) and assess their effect on feed quality and animal performance. The conducted experiments included selection and analysis of meat raw materials, development of BMVD formulations, production of pilot batches with the use of specialised equipment, as well as evaluation of their influence on mixed fodders and efficiency of feeding different types of animals. It was found that bone residues, cartilage and tendons are valuable sources of protein, fats and minerals. The developed formulations of BMVD contained optimal proportions of meat raw materials, cereals, amino acids and vitamins. The production was carried out on a technological line including a flour mixer, extruder, dryer and application machine. Extrusion contributed to the improvement of protein digestibility. The use of BMVD in animal diets led to an increase in egg production of hens, weight gain of pigs, reduced feed costs and increased digestibility of nutrients, confirming the prospects of this direction.
Research on Optimization Design of Low-Carbon Concrete Substation Buildings
Authors: Hu Yashan , Huang Zheng , Wu Jingyun , Liu Hao
Published: February 2025

In response to the dual-carbon strategy, the construction industry is actively exploring methods to save energy and reduce emissions. As industrial buildings, the design methods and operating conditions of substation buildings are significantly different from those of typical civil buildings. The low-carbon design methods of common civil buildings cannot be simply and directly applied to substation buildings. In this study, a parametric approach is adopted to firstly obtain the initial design scheme, clarify the types and ranges of design variables, and generate multiple alternative design schemes. Secondly, the carbon emissions of the physical and operational phases are calculated separately. Finally, the optimal solution is screened by genetic algorithm to achieve the low-carbon optimal design of substation buildings. In this study, the low-carbon optimal design method is applied to a typical 110kV reinforced concrete substation building. The results show that the optimized design can reduce carbon emissions by 17%. This research provides technical support for the low-carbon transition of the power and construction industries.