bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Childfree, millennial marriage disorientation, and Islamic family law perspectives
Authors: Syarafuddin Muhsan , Fauzi Ahmad
Published: January 2024

Childfree refers to the conscious decision of an individual or couple to abstain from parenthood, independent of biological or adoptive possibilities as a lifestyle choice unrelated to fertility. This study investigated childfree contents on social media, specifically in Instagram, among millennials. Additionally, it delved into Islamic family law perspectives on childfree living. Utilizing qualitative content analysis, the chosen Instagram account for examination was Childfree Life Indonesia @childfreelife.id. The research identified some reasons for embracing childfree living, including past trauma, personal autonomy, happiness pursuit, career focus, financial considerations, and environmental preferences. Benefits encompass career advancement, reduced responsibilities, financial stability, improved mental health, emotional fulfillment, personal time, flexibility, and expanded leisure. Conversely, drawbacks involve the potential lack of support in old age, loneliness, absence of family legacy, no parenting experience, no successors, societal judgment, limited social network, a sense of family incompleteness, and diminished social support. Islamic family law emphasizes the marriage goal of progeny for societal strength, deeming permanent and unjustified childfree choices as prohibited (haram). However, temporary and justified childfree decisions may align with Islamic principles. This study contributes scholarly insights into millennial marriage dynamics, incorporating media and Islamic family law perspectives, with practical implications for fostering a nuanced understanding of Islamic teachings and societal trends among millennials, averting behaviors incongruent with religious norms.
Participation in an Online Prenatal Mindfulness- Relationship-Based (PMRB) Program: Outcomes for Maternal Mindfulness, Mental Health, Interoception, and Mother-Infant Relationship during Pregnancy and Post-Partum
Authors: Sansone Antonella , Stapleton Peta , Patching Alan , Lawrence Zoe
Published: January 2024

This feasibility study sought to investigate the impact of an online 9-session Prenatal Mindfulness Relationship-Based (PMRB) group treatment program upon maternal mental health (depression, anxiety, and stress), interoception, and mother-infant relationship during pregnancy and post-partum. The study was designed in two parts 1) a quantitative examination of pre, post-treatment and 10-12 weeks post-partum measures targeting 13 pregnant women from a non-clinical population and 2) a qualitative exploration of the same pregnant women’s experiences of the PMRB program reported during the sessions, including their birth stories. Responses to an open-ended question about how the program had supported them during pregnancy, labor/birth and the first post-partum trimester were summarised using thematic analysis. Women (N = 36) were recruited to the non-randomised feasibility study and 13 were allocated to the PMRB program. Women were excluded due to the online recruitment timeframe, missing baseline gestational age and unavailability for the proposed time. All the allocated women completed the program during pregnancy and the baseline and post-treatment surveys. There were 12 women who completed the post-partum follow-up. Only one participant was lost to the follow up for unknown reasons. Results revealed an improvement in mindfulness, depression, interoception and mother-infant relationship post-treatment and at postpartum follow-up. The qualitative analysis led to the identification of 16 themes, which were organized in four categories describing the experience of participants. Findings provide preliminary support for the feasibility of the PMRB program to improve maternal mindfulness, interoception, mental wellbeing and mother-infant relationship during pregnancy and post-partum. The qualitative evaluation suggested the PMRB program may help women cope with emotional challenges and be more connected to their bodies and infant. The program may also help women become more aware of their unborn infant as a sentient being and the influence of their health and mental wellbeing on the infant development and health. Furthermore, it may be a facilitator of the mother-infant relationship during pregnancy and post-partum, promoting infant’s healthy development.
Correction: Electronic Health Record–Nested Reminders for Serum Lithium Level Monitoring in Patients With Mood Disorder: Randomized Controlled Trial (Preprint)
Authors: Seki Tomotsugu , Aki Morio , Furukawa Toshi A , Kawashima Hirotsugu , Miki Tomotaka , Sawaki Yujin , Ando Takaaki , Katsuragi Kentaro , Kawashima Takahiko , Ueno Senkei , Miyagi Takashi , Noma Shun'ichi , Tanaka Shiro , Kawakami Koji
Published: January 2024

UNSTRUCTURED

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Revisits, readmission, and mortality from emergency department admissions for older adults with vague presentations: Longitudinal observational study (Preprint)
Authors: Alvarez Avendano Sebastian Alejandro , Odeh Couvertier Valerie , Patterson Brian , Shah Manish , Zayas-Caban Gabriel
Published: January 2024

BACKGROUND

Older adults (65+) often present to the emergency department (ED) with unclear need for hospitalization, leading to potentially harmful and costly care. This underscores the importance of measuring the tradeoff between admission and discharge for these patients in terms of patient outcomes.

OBJECTIVE

To measure the relationship between disposition decision and 3-day, 9-day, and 30-day revisits, readmission, and mortality, using causal inference methods that adjust for potential measured and unmeasured confounding.

METHODS

A longitudinal observational study (n = 3591) was conducted using electronic healthcare records from a large tertiary teaching ED hospital between January 1, 2014 and September 27, 2018. The sample consisted of older adult patients with one of six presentations with significant variability in admission: falls, weakness, syncope, UTI, pneumonia, and cellulitis. The exposure under consideration is the ED disposition decision (admission to the hospital or discharge). Nine outcome variables were considered: ED revisits, hospital readmission, and mortality within 3, 9, and 30 days of being discharged from either the hospital for admitted patients or the ED for discharged patients.

RESULTS

Admission was estimated to significantly decrease the risk of an ED revisit after discharge (30-day window: -6.4%, 95% CI [-7.8, -5.0]), while significantly increasing the risk of hospital readmission (30-day window: 5.8%, 95% CI [5.0, 6.5]) and mortality (30-day window: 1.0%, 95% CI: [0.4, 1.6]). Admission was found to be especially adverse for patients with weakness and pneumonia, and relatively less adverse for older adult patients with falls and syncope.

CONCLUSIONS

Admission may not be the safe option for older adults with gray area presentations, and while revisits and readmissions are commonly used to evaluate quality of care in the ED, their divergence suggests that caution should be used when interpreting either in isolation.
Customer’s Repurchase Decision of Fruits and Vegetables Through E-Commerce Sites during Omicron Outbreak in Surabaya
Authors: Sekarnurani Dinda Ayu , Jamhari Jamhari , Utami Arini Wahyu
Published: January 2024

In the past few years, the number of e-commerce businesses in Indonesia is increasing including those that offer vegetables and fruits. Due to COVID-19 outbreak, transactions through e-commerce sites had also increased. During the outbreak, customers in Indonesia had a tendency to allocate their income for essential needs such as vegetables and fruits. This study aims to: (1) assess the frequency of vegetables and fruits purchases through e-commerce sites before the Omicron outbreak (October – December 2021) and during the Omicron outbreak (January – March 2022); and (2) examine the determinant factors of customers repurchase decision to buy vegetables and fruits through e-commerce sites. Data were collected using online questionnaire distributed to 140 respondents that were selected based on age and experience of purchasing vegetables and fruits online. The differences in frequency of purchasing vegetables and fruits through e-commerce sites before and during the Omicron outbreak were analyzed using the Wilcoxon test. Meanwhile, the determinant factors of the decision to repurchase vegetables and fruits through e-commerce sites were analyzed using binary logistic regression. The results showed that there is no significant difference in frequencies between purchasing before and during the Omicron outbreak. Education, products, price discounts, promotions, and COVID-19 situation are the determinant factors of repurchase decision of vegetables and fruits through e-commerce sites.  As the writer conducting this study, there was no previous study on the same case that using the combination of demographic, marketing mix, and situational factor as determinant factors on customers repurchase decision through online platforms.
Chitosan Xylotrupes gideon encapsulated lemongrass leaf ethanol extract reduce H2O2‐induced oxidative stress in human dermal fibroblast
Authors: Komariah Komariah , Trisfilha Pretty , Wahyudi Rahman , Erica Nada , Nugroho Didi , Ariesanti Yessy , Swain Sarat Kumar
Published: January 2024

During phagocytosis, phagocyte cells discharge reactive oxygen species referred to as respiratory bursts, inducing a rise in pro‐oxidants and subjecting the cell to oxidative stress. Such stress is a biological mechanism related to an imbalance in pro‐oxidant/antioxidant homeostasis, which generates toxic reactive oxygen. Encapsulation is a coating process to improve the stability of bioactive compounds from lemongrass extract. Therefore, this study aims to determine the encapsulation activity of lemongrass leaf extract with chitosan X. gideon (LEChXg) to reduce the oxidative stress of fibroblasts. The research used the human dermal fibroblast (HDF) cell line, comprising negative and positive controls and use of LEChXg 100, 200, 300, 400, and 500 µg/mL. HDF cell migration was evaluated by employing the scratch wound healing method and the wound closure was oberseved at 0, 2, 4, 6, and 24 h intervals. The cell proliferation was observed at 24, 48, and 72 h using CCK‐8 at a 450 nm wavelength. The results showed that the observations at 0, 2, and 4 h did not demonstrate any significant difference on the cell migration (p > 0.05) among the groups. However, the wound closure at 4 and 6 h showed a significant difference (p < 0.05) with LEChXg 300 µg/mL. Despite the lack of any significant variation observed up to 24 h, fibroblast subjected to the stressor did not achieve complete closure. The groups treated with LEChXg were more stable in maintaining fibroblast proliferation up to the end of the observation than those with stressors at 24, 48, and 72 h. Fibroblast induced with a stressor was also more stable in maintaining migration and proliferation in groups receiving LEChXg 300 µg/mL.
Fermentation medium optimization of Streptomyces sp. as an antifungal agent against the Ganoderma boninensis pathogen in oil palm
Authors: Tahir Syamsika , Putri Widya Dwi Rukmi , Wardani Agustin Krisna , Sunaryanto Rofiq
Published: January 2024

Ganoderma boninensis is the most common fungus which attacks oil palm trees. However, a significant percentage of inhibition to the problem is found through the use of Streptomyces sp. The optimization of the Streptomyces sp. fermentation medium growth factors affects the secondary metabolites production. This study aimed to identify the best formulation of carbon and nitrogen sources and the optimum concentration of Streptomyces sp. fermentation medium for antifungal compound production. The results showed that the best sources of carbon and nitrogen were liquid glucose and monosodium glutamate in the inhibition zones of 16.7 mm and 6.3 mm, while the best concentration levels were 20 g/L and 14.19 g/L, respectively. The results of the first optimization showed an inhibition zone response and area (%) of the optimum high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) chromatogram of 24.39 mm and 62.68 percent, respectively. Taking the suggestion of the first optimization, the second optimization produced 15.2 g/L and 8.3 g/L. The predicted value of the inhibition zone was 21.47 mm, and the area (%) of the HPLC chromatogram was 53.44 percent. The validation results showed an inhibition zone response of 22.01 mm and an HPLC chromatogram area (%) of 54.86 percent. The difference between the predicted and validation values was less than 5 percent; the validation value was thus in line with the value predicted by Design Expert 10.0.7. The chemical formula of the probable active compound is that of the cyclo(phenylalanyl‐prolyl) compound.
Kinetic modeling, optimization of biomass and astaxanthin production in Spirogyra sp. under nitrogen and phosphorus deficiency
Authors: Zafira Nadia Delfi , Pakpahan Malvin Yulius Christian , Satyadharma I Putu Ikrar , Burhan Khairul Hadi , Marwani Erly
Published: January 2024

This study studied the optimum nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) concentrations for biomass and astaxanthin production in Spirogyra sp. Spirogyra sp. was cultivated in Blue Green (BG) medium with N/P concentrations adjusted to 1.1/0.01; 1.1/0.03; 1.1/06; 1.1/0.09; 2.2/0.01; 2.2/0.03; 2.2/0.06; 2.2/0.09; 4.4/0.01; 4.4/0.03; 4.4/0.06; 4.4/0.09, 6.6/0.01; 6.6/0.03; 6.6/0.06 and 6.6/0.09 mM. The results showed an increase in biomass accumulation for lower concen‐ trations of N and N:P ratio with the highest accumulation at N/P 1.1/0.03 mM, i.e. 485 mgdryweight and a growth rate of 0.22 d‐1. Astaxanthin accumulation was also found to increase, with the highest at N/P 1.1/0.01 mM, i.e. 0.269 mg/gdryweight, on the 12th day of cultivation. Based on biomass and astaxanthin accumulation, the highest astaxanthin productivity was 0.07 μg/cm2/d at N/P concentration 1.1/0.09 mM. Kinetic models were developed using the Haldane and Luedeking–Piret equations. The growth and astaxanthin production parameters obtained were μmax 0.18±0.02 d‐1, kN 68.2 ± 24.2 mg/L, ki 301.8 ± 78.5 mg/L, YN 0.93 ± 0.68 gbiomass/nitrate, α 0.36 ± 0.69, β ‐0.01 ± 0.02, and kA 0.04 ± 0.03, thus indicating that a lower N concentration is suitable for the cultivation of Spirogyra sp. In conclusion, Spirogyra sp. should be cultivated under nitrogen deficiency for continuous astaxanthin production.
Assistance in Designing Citarum River Cliff Protection to Control River Erosion in Atirompe Village, Majalaya District, Bandung Regency
Authors: Rohmat Faizal Immaddudin Wira , Ledowikj Felix Joel , Rodiah Siti , Rohman Mutiara Indah Nur , Burnama Nabila Siti , Darsono Sri Legowo Wignyo , Kuntoro Arno Adi , Farid Mohammad , Nugroho Eka Oktariyanto , Chaidar Ana Nugranah
Published: January 2024

Rivers are often used as a water source for agriculture, transportation, and water supply needs. One of the causes of riverbanks' damage is scouring the cliff's foot, which cannot withstand scouring currents. If not addressed immediately, it will cause more severe damage. Citarum River is one river that passes through Atirompe Village, Majalaya District. The riverbanks in the area have a risk of cliff failure. The study objective was to analyze the problem, design the protection, and calculate the budget. The hydrology and riverbank analysis of the Majalaya River has been performed. The steps are important to analyze the depth and width of the scour caused by the flow of the Citarum River water. Sediment data were collected at three locations, namely the upstream, middle, and downstream of the river segment that will be reviewed. In data processing, to obtain a sediment rating curve, it is necessary to measure the flow velocity, which will later be calculated and used as the flow rate that flows during TSS data collection. Using the HEC – RAS 6.2 software, the calculations with the Ripley Equation were compared to obtain the scour depth. For the design alternative, constructing a steel sheet pile-type cliff protection structure is one form of planning to protect riverbanks. This study also analyzes the recapitulation of the budgeting for protecting the Citarum riverbanks in Atirompe Village, Majalaya District. Using standardized unit price, the total price for the protection is 1,8 billion rupiahs.
Repertoire Fikih Ibadah dalam Manuskrip Hikayat Wasiat Nabi: Kajian Respons Estetika Wolfgang Iser
Authors: Sanjaya Adjie Aditya , Sudibyo
Published: January 2024

Hikayat Wasiat Nabi (HWN) adalah manuskrip koleksi Perpustakaan Nasional Republik Indonesia dengan nomor inventaris CS 123. Manuskrip ini ditulis dalam aksara Jawi dengan menggunakan bahasa Melayu. Dalam studi filologi, hasil dari proses penyuntingan teks difokuskan untuk menghasilkan edisi teks kritis sehingga dapat dibaca dan dipahami oleh pembaca saat ini. Hasil suntingan tersebut kemudian dianalisis dengan teori respons estetika repertoire Wolfgang Iser. HWN merupakan sebuah karya sastra Melayu yang terhubung dengan banyaknya hal-hal familier yang bisa ditemukan pada kitab-kitab Islam seperti Al-Qur’an dan kumpulan hadis. Maka terciptalah rumusan masalah tentang repertoire apa yang terdapat dalam manuskrip ini dan bagaimana bentuk pemaknaan terhadap pengungkapan makna sosial budaya dan nilai historis yang ada. Dari keterhubungan ini, Islam membawa pengaruh terhadap masyarakat yang disentuhnya terkhusus Masyarakat Melayu dan Betawi yang berupa: 1) Isi manuskrip HWN berupa perwujudan anjuran dan larangan yang ditulis oleh penulis, yang merupakan serapan dari kitab-kitab Islam sebagai karya terdahulu; 2) norma sosial dan budaya Melayu Islam (perkembangan Islam di Melayu, Bahasa dan Aksara Melayu, serta budaya perilaku masyarakat Timur Tengah yang kemudian diserap dan mengalami akulturasi sosial budaya); 3) norma historis (Ajaran Islam yang berkembang di Betawi dan hubungan antara Melayu-Betawi pada masa Islam serta kondisi Masyarakat Betawi selama masuknya pengaruh Islam).
Kepribadian Tokoh Utama Pada Cerpen Nāfiżah fī ad-Daur al-Khāmis wa aṡ-Ṡalāsīn Karya Najīb Mahfūz (Kajian Psikologi Sastra)
Authors: Adinda Damayanti  , Muhammad Walidin  , Ulil Albab
Published: January 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan kepribadian tokoh utama pada cerpen Nāfiżah fῑ ad-Daur al-Khāmis wa Ṡalāṡῑn karya Najib Mahfuz dengan menggunakan teori psikoanalisis Sigmund Freud. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif dengan pendekatan psikologi sastra. Hasil penelitian sebagai berikut: Kepribadian tokoh utama dipengaruhi oleh id, ego, dan superego. Id menunjukkan bahwa tokoh utama memiliki kepribadian yang sombong, tidak bertanggung jawab, penakut, emosional, dan nekat. Ego tokoh utama cenderung lemah sehingga membuatnya menjadi pribadi yang bimbang. Superego muncul ketika tokoh utama merasakan empati dan menasehati salah satu tamu undangannya untuk tidak bunuh diri. Ego dan superego tidak dapat menjalankan fungsinya untuk menghambat keinginan id yang mendorong tokoh utama untuk melakukan hal-hal buruk dan nekat. Kepribadian yang tetapkan pengarang pada tokoh utama cerpen Nāfiżah fῑ ad-Daur al-Khāmis wa Ṡalāṡῑn karya Najib Mahfuz telah sesuai dengan indikator fungsi id, ego, dan superego.  Pengarang menempatkan kepribadian tokoh utama sesuai dengan aspek id berupa tindakan yang buruk dan agresif. Aspek ego terlihat melalui pengambilan keputusan. Kemudian, aspek superego terdapat pada perilaku yang berkaitan dengan norma dan nilai moral.
“A Study on Immobilization of Copper, Cadmium and Lead in Polluted Soil Using Nanoparticles”
Authors: Saini Mukesh Kumar
Published: January 2024

Abstract: Copper Cu, Cadmium Cd and Lead Pb pollution of soils is a serious environmental and agricultural issue, posing a threat to crop production, environmental quality, food safety, and human health. Therefore, immobilization of Copper Cu, Cadmium Cd and Lead Pb in soils is crucial. Biochar-based materials are receiving significant attention as Copper Cu, Cadmium Cd and Lead Pb immobilizers, due to their multifunctional surface properties. The remediation/immobilization mechanisms involved are, mainly, surface complexation, chemical reduction, precipitation, ion exchange, π–π interactions, hydrogen bonding, and adsorption. These mechanisms are mostly dependent on biochar surface pore size, oxygen-containing functional groups, pyrolysis temperature used in biochar preparation, biochar feedstock, and soil characteristics. So far, various pristine and modified biochar substrates have been used to remediate heavy metal-contaminated soils. Therefore, in this review paper, we briefly summarize the chemical forms, release sources, and maximum permissible limits of Copper Cu, Cadmium Cd and Lead Pb in soil. We also summarize recent scientific findings on the performance of biochar substrates in Copper Cu, Cadmium Cd and Lead Pb -contaminated soils to minimize Copper Cu, Cadmium Cd and Lead Pb mobility, bioavailability, and potential accumulation in crops. Finally, we identify challenges associated with the use of biochar and suggest areas for future research. The review presents an overview of the knowledge of biochar as a promising amendment for the decontamination of Copper Cu, Cadmium Cd and Lead Pb -polluted soils. Sediment and soil contamination with toxic heavy metals, including cadmium (Cd2+) and lead (Pb2+), represents a major long-term remediation challenge. Resuspension of contaminated sediments into the water column, or the uptake of toxic metals from top soil, can lead to exposure of aquatic or terrestrial organisms, followed by bioconcentration, bioaccumulation and biomagnification, which may pose a threat to public health. We have developed a novel nanoscale engineered material, namely ligand-coated dense nanoparticles (Ligand DNPs), which contain a dense WO3 nanoparticle core and a shell functionalized with a metal-binding organic ligand (EDTA), to effectively sequester heavy metal ions deeper into the soil and sediments. We demonstrate that one application of Ligand DNPs can remove from 60% to almost 80% of the Cd and Pb in two different soil matrices, driving these metal ions deeper into the sediment or soil column via gravity, and making them less bioavailable. Ligand DNPs can provide a relatively fast, convenient, and efficient insitu approach for the remediation of sediments and soils contaminated with heavy metals.
An Appraisal of Groundwater resources and its Hydrochemistry in Ladnun Block of Nagaur District, Central part of Rajasthan, India
Authors: Meena Vijay Pal , Vyas Arun
Published: January 2024

Abstract: Groundwater is an important source that provides support to all habitants in the arid to semi-arid regions of Rajasthan. The current study contributes to the rising demand for potable water in Ladnun block in the northern part of Nagaur district; situated in the central part of Rajasthan. This paper concentrates on the Evaluation of the hydrogeological and hydrogeochemical aspects of groundwater in the Ladnun block which encompasses three notable aquifers: Older Alluvium, Bilara Limestone, and Jodhpur sandstone. An attempt was made to understand the groundwater quality as well as its suitability for drinking and other uses by using the water quality parameters. A comprehensive assessment of water quality parameters in groundwater samples were carried out; collected from 34 different locations in the study area in the year 2018 to 2022. Most of the villages of the study area are affected by more than 1.5mg/L fluoride, TDS, and salinity hazards which are harmful to human health. Groundwater quality is slightly hard and brackish to saline in the block due to ancient seawater entrapped in sediments, Halite, and higher-order evaporite mineral deposits. According to WQI most of the water sample falls into the unsuitable category. Therefore, the study area recommended artificial recharge of groundwater and rainwater harvesting to overcome the water demand for drinking purposes
Navigating the Regulatory Landscape: Key Trends Shaping Today's Regulatory Affairs Environment
Authors: Sharma Bidhya , Gurung Anmol , Pradhan Prena , Darjee Depesh , Kotla Naveen Kumar
Published: January 2024

Regulatory Science, positioned at the intersection of Science, policy, and law, is essential for safeguarding public health and ensuring the safety and effectiveness of products and practices. It spans various sectors, including pharmaceuticals, medical devices, food and agriculture, environmental protection, and emerging technologies. It faces challenges and opportunities such as rapid technological advancements, global market globalization, and complex scientific discoveries.

This review paper examines current trends and future directions in Regulatory Aspects within the Pharmaceutical World. It explores how regulatory authorities address challenges and delves into the historical development of pharmaceutical regulation globally. The paper also explores innovative approaches and technologies influencing the regulatory processes, investigates future directions in regulation, and proposes recommendations for the future of pharmaceutical regulations.

In conclusion, regulatory Science, with its rich history, holds promise for a bright future. Adapting to technological advancements, embracing collaborative approaches, and investing in research and education are crucial for navigating the complexities of the modern world. Regulatory Science will continue to play a vital role in safeguarding public health and fostering innovation.
Trends in river runoff in Latvia for the period 1951-2020
Authors:   University of Latvia, Faculty of Geography and Earth Sciences, Apsite Elga , Briede Agrita ,   University of Latvia, Faculty of Geography and Earth Sciences
Published: January 2024

A time series of monthly, seasonal and annual mean specific runoff of rivers in Latvia are analysed in order to detect trends for the period 1951–2020. Trend analysis is performed by applying the Mann-Kendall test and the trend slope is calculated using Sen’s method. There were significant seasonal changes in the time series of specific runoff measured at 32 stations during the study period. In all hydrological regions, the trend values obtained for the winter season are statistically significant, but they are relatively weaker in the Eastern region. At the same time, river runoff in April and May has notably decreased, indicating a shift of the runoff maximum to an earlier time. Long-term changes in specific runoff are statistically significant in April in all hydrological regions, and only in May for the Eastern region. Generally, statistically insignificant trends in specific runoff are observed for the summer and autumn months. Annual mean specific runoff has not revealed any strong trends in spite of the increased precipitation and temperature. Clear seasonal changes have been found in several earlier studies in the Baltic countries, and they are confirmed by the current one.
A machine learning based approach for prediction and interpretation of soil properties from soil spectral data
Authors:   Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Panimalar Engineering College, Chennai-600 123, India, Divya A. , Josphineleela R. ,   Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Panimalar Engineering College, Chennai-600 123, India, Jaba Sheela L. ,   Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Panimalar Engineering College, Chennai-600 123, India
Published: January 2024

Aim: An active agricultural sector depends on good soil quality, essential for sustained food cultivation. However, intensive farming and rising demand can lead to soil deterioration, affecting crop yields. Smart soil prediction driven by machine learning is crucial for precision farming and efficient nutrient distribution. Methodology: Visible-near infrared Spectroscopy (vis-NIRS) is used to capture the soil's spectral data.Then, the spectral data is preprocessed with Savitzky-Golay Smoothing.The data that has been preprocessed is then used to train the machine learning model.The preprocessed data enhances model performance compared to spectral reflectance data in its unprocessed state.The machine learning model acquires data-based knowledge, identifies patterns, and predicts soil quality parameters. The Random Forest and Gradient Boosted Regression Tree are two algorithms employed in this study. Results: The spectral reflectance data is used to train, validate, and evaluate the machine learning model.In determining soil properties, both algorithms demonstrated a high degree of prediction accuracy, as demonstrated by the results.Gradient Boosted Regression Tree out performs Random Forest, but is expensive and requires sequential data. Random forest algorithm works well with large datasets, but over-fitting issues arise in some instances. Interpretation: The findings of the study indicate that machine learning can automate the current soil testing procedure in laboratories, thereby making it more efficient, affordable, and environmentally friendly. Key words: Gradient Boosted Regression Tree, Machine learning, Random forest, Soil fertility, Soil moisture
Chitosan extracted from Portunus sanguinolentus (three-spot swimming crab) shells: its physico-chemical and biological potentials
Authors:   Department of Zoology, Kuntala Kumari Sabat Women’s College, Balasore-756 001, India, Pradhan J. , Baisakhi B. ,   Department of Zoology, Kuntala Kumari Sabat Women’s College, Balasore-756 001, India, Das B.K. ,   ICAR- Central Inland Fishery Research Institute, Barrackpore-700 120, India, Jena K. ,   Central Tasar Research and Training Institute, Central Silk Board, Ranchi-835 303, India, Ananta S. ,   Central Tasar Research and Training Institute, Central Silk Board, Ranchi-835 303, India, Mohanty D. ,   ICAR- Central Inland Fishery Research Institute, Barrackpore-700 120, India
Published: January 2024

Aim: To summarize the extraction, physio-chemical, antibacterial and antioxidant properties of extracted chitosan from the exoskeleton of three-spot swimming crab, Portunus sanguinolentus as compared to commercial chitosan. Methodology: Chitosan biopolymer was extracted through demineralisation, deproteinization and deacetylation. The physico-chemical characterization of the extracted chitosan was carried out using Fourier Transforms Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and Colorimetric analysis. Antibacterial activity using different concentrations of chitosan against Escherichia coli and Aeromonas hydrophila were tested by disc-diffusion method, while antioxidant activity was estimated by 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and H2O2 scavenging assay. Results: Crab chitosan (CC) showed the maximal zone of inhibition (17.00±0.50 and 15.16±0.577 mm), while commercial chitosan (CMC) showed 12.67±0.577 and 14.17±0.288 mm) against E. coli and A. hydrophila respectively. The scavenging potential of extracted chitosan ranged from 14 to 17% at different concentrations (0.05 to 0.2 mg ml-1). Crab chitosan efficiency to scavenge 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radicals varied from 7.2 to 12.98% at different concentrations (0.05 to 0.2 mg ml-1). Interpretation: Overall, the extracted chitosan exhibited properties to commercial chitosan, suggesting that it could be utilized as a dietary supplement in the fishery sector to protect against bacterial infections. This circular economy approach could significantly benefit sustainable waste management and environmental health. Key words: Antibacterial, Biopolymer, Chitosan, Crab, Portunus sanguinolentus
Influence of Goji Berry EM Fermentation and Saccharification Products as Cosmetic Raw Materials on Hair Protection
Authors:   J-Institute, F F , F F
Published: January 2024

Purpose: Recently, as the number of cases of side effects due to exposure to chemicals has increased, consumers' anxiety about chemicals has deepened, and interest in cosmetics using natural extracts that do not use chemical ingredients has increased. No-chemicals are being created and scientific research using natural extracts is expanding. Accordingly, Goji berry, which is a natural product handed down from the private sector and is rich in various functional ingredients such as carotinoids, choline, and zeatin, and is said to be excellent for antioxidation effects, was fermented and the active ingredients and effectiveness (in vitro) were investigated.
Method: Goji berry, which has been found to contain large amounts of functional ingredients such as betaine and rutin, is extracted through double fermentation using EM (Effective Microorganisms) and malt to obtain total polyphenol content, flavonoid content, total sugar content, DPPH radical scavenging ability, and SOD. Effectiveness (in vitro) was examined through activity, catalase activity, hydrogen peroxide, and peroxidase verified.
Results: As a result of the measurement, the sugar content increased when the EM (Effective Microorganisms) fermented product was enzymatically fermented after extracting Goji berry fruit with purified water. The difference depending on the enzyme fermentation temperature was also higher when the enzyme fermented at 60°C compared to immediately after fermentation. The sugar content increased by about two-fold. The total polyphenol and total flavonoid content decreased when the EM (Effective Microorganisms) fermentation product of the sealed pressurized hot water extract was enzymatically fermented at 60°C.
Conclusion: The extract double-fermented from Goji berry fruit through EM (Effective Microorganisms) fermentation and malt enzyme fermentation has excellent antioxidant ability, suggesting the possibility of using Goji berry fruit and EM (Effective Microorganisms) fermentation as a natural antioxidant. I confirmed that it exists. In particular, it has antioxidant and antibacterial functions, and its feasibility as a natural raw material used in hair products was found.
Analysis of the accounting financial performance of private listed banks in the emerging market for the period 2010–2022
Authors: Hadi Hala Ayyed , Flayyih Hakeem Hammood
Published: January 2024

This study aims to the little impact of accounting financial performance (AFP) analysis on the money market in the Iraqi economy. Potentially limiting future market activity could be international risks and obstacles, which in turn could cause issues and crises (Shah & Jan, 2014; Bakhtiyarovich, 2020)‏. The study concept was inspired by the recognition that there must be communication between the importance of the AFP analysis of the Iraqi securities market and the country’s financial and economic institutions. The sample of the study included ten Iraqi banks listed in the Iraq Stock Exchange (ISE) for the period 2010–2020. The three mathematical models included in the statistical analysis served as the basis for projecting future return and risk values in the Iraqi money market. The potential for being put in peril because of unintended consequences stemming from worldwide disasters. This research yielded several findings, the most significant of which was that the Iraqi securities market is not particularly consequential to the economy. The vulnerability of the economy to international shocks makes it difficult to implement monetary and financial policy.
fimbul
Authors: Tor Einar Bekken
Published: January 2024

Improvised music for solo guitar, influenced by the works of performers/composers such as John Fahey, Joseph Allred, Derek Bailey, Wendy Eisenberg, and others.
The relationship between public debt and income inequality in advanced and developing economies: empirical evidence on the difference
Authors: Nguyen Van
Published: January 2024

In the context of increasing globalization, income inequality becomes one of
the severe problems in both advanced and developing economies. Meanwhile,
public spending financed by public debt may be an appropriate instrument of
fiscal policy to narrow this inequality in society. However, high public
debt can lead to an economic crisis and social instability. Does public debt
differently affect income inequality between advanced and developing
economies? For the answer, the paper applies the two-step system GMM
Arellano-Bond estimator and the PMG estimator to test the effect of public
debt on income inequality for a group of 30 advanced economies and a group
of 34 developing economies between 2002 and 2020. The paper notes some
exciting results. First, public debt narrows income inequality in advanced
economies but widens it in developing economies. Second, by contrast,
economic growth increases income inequality in advanced economies but
decreases it in developing economies. Third, unemployment in advanced
economies and education in developing economies enhance income inequality.
These findings suggest some policy implications for governments in
developing economies in using appropriately spending financed by public debt
to narrow income inequality in society.
Online Toxic Communication about the Accounting Academic Job Market
Authors: Alberti Cristina T. , Morris Landi
Published: January 2024

SYNOPSIS

This study explores the use of online toxic communication and how it impacts perceptions of DEI in the accounting academic community. During a recent job market season, we observed the use of toxic communication, including racism, sexism, and hate speech, in the form of anonymous posts made to two online job market forums. Using qualitative methods, including analysis of the online forums and a survey of job market participants, we find that forum language implies that unqualified candidates receive preferential treatment in the job market based on their race or gender, often referring to these individuals as “diversity hires.” Forum language also states that candidates from historically marginalized communities face discrimination in this process. Importantly, we find that toxic communication negatively impacts candidates’ views of DEI within the accounting academy. Overall, this study serves as a call to action to leadership to identify and denounce toxic communication within our community.

JEL Classifications: M40; M49.
Implementation of Pancasila Values in Civics Learning in the Digital Era
Authors: Princessa Dinda Oktaviana  , Fathurrohman  , Sekar Purbarini Kawuryan  , Bambang Saptono
Published: January 2024

Pancasila must be actualized in various areas of life, one of which is education. Objective this research to review implementation, obstacles, and challenges in implementing Pancasila values in Indonesian Civics learning in the digital era. The data collection techniques used were observation and interviews. Test the validity of the data using source triangulation. The data analysis techniques used are data collection, data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The research results show that students have understood the form of understanding Pancasila values in the digital era.The values of Pancasila are implemented for students, including efforts to build student character, emphasizing the learning process based on living values by utilizing developing technological advances, making learning interactive, linking Pancasila values with technological developments, discussing contemporary issues relevant to Pancasila. The Pancasila values that have been implemented refer to the Pancasila principles.Obstacles in implementing Pancasila values include low awareness and lack of awareness filtering of information, internet connection problems, device limitations, difficulty in motivating students, lack of supervision, lack of experience with technology,absence of study friends, deviation from Pancasila values, and differences in student abilities.The challenge is lack of social interaction between students, limited scope, limited direct experience, minimal control over information, different technological capabilities, and the presence of globalization.
Software GeoGebra: As an Assistance to the Guided Inquiry Model in Improving Students' Numeracy Skills
Authors: Made Agus Adi Setyawan  , I Made Citra Wibawa
Published: January 2024

Students' numeracy skills are still low because mathematics is presented abstractly. Moreover, teachers are less attractive in packaging the learning models and media used, and the application of learning is still conventional and less interactive. The aim of this research is to testThe influence of the guided inquiry model assisted by GeoGebra software on the numeracy abilities of class IV students. The research method is quantitative with a quasi-experimental design with a Non-Equivalent Control Group Design. The study population was 76 students, with sample determination using saturated sampling techniques, 38 students as the control class and 38 students in the experimental class who would be given learning using the guided inquiry model assisted by GeoGebra software. Data was collected using a test method in the form of descriptions obtained after 5 treatments. The instrument uses a set of tests in the form of descriptions. Data analysis techniques use descriptive statistics and inferential statistics (t-test). The results of hypothesis testing showed that the average score of the experimental group was greater than the average score gain of the control group. Based on the results of the data analysis, it can be concluded that there is a significant influenceguided inquiry model assisted by GeoGebra software on the numeracy abilities of class IV students. So, learning activities using GeoGebra software can help to visualize mathematical concepts which can improve students' numeracy skills.
Flashcard Media Innovation in Thematic Science Lessons Growth and Development of Living Creatures in Elementary Schools
Authors: Annissa Syafarina Sari  , Krisna Wijaya  , Ridho Gata Wijaya
Published: January 2024

The difficulty of the material presented in science subjects and the teacher's lack of ability to utilize learning media have an impact on students' low ability to understand learning material. So, the aim of this research is to develop flashcard media on the growth and development of creatures in elementary schools so that students can more easily understand the material being taught. The research design used is research and development (R&D) which goes through 7 stages of development design according to Borg & Gall. The data collection techniques used in this research were interviews, observation and questionnaires. The data analysis technique uses quantitative descriptive. The results of this research and development show that the flashcard learning media regarding the growth and development of living things to equip students' speaking skills is declared suitable for use. This can be seen from the results of material validation with an average score of 4.8 which is in the "very good" category and media validation with an average score of 3.95 in the "good" category. Apart from that, the results of student responses in the initial field trial got an average score of 4.6 which was included in the "very good" category and the results of teacher responses got an average score of 4.7 which was included in the "very good" category as well as the results of student responses in the main field trial got an average score of 4.49 which is in the "very good" category. With this, it can be concluded that this flashcard learning media is suitable for use in the learning process in class III of elementary school.
Programa de desarrollo de habilidades del pensamiento como estrategia para disminuir el rezago educativo
Authors: Amador Ortiz Carlos Miguel , Flores Castañeda Araceli Karina , Medina Lozano Alejandra
Published: January 2024

El rezago educativo es un tema de preocupación para las instituciones educativas por las implicaciones negativas que conlleva en el logro de objetivos institucionales orientados al desarrollo de los individuos y la prosperidad, en especial en países como México, cuyo gasto promedio en formación profesional por estudiante es muy bajo con respecto a la media de la OCDE. Por tal motivo, este trabajo tuvo como propósito formular un programa de habilidades del pensamiento como una estrategia para combatir el rezago educativo en un instituto tecnológico. El proyecto se llevó a cabo con una metodología de investigación-acción, es decir, un enfoque mixto que corresponde a un tipo de investigación descriptiva, con las siguientes fases: 1) fundamentación del programa con base en indicadores institucionales; 2) diseño del programa y publicación de una convocatoria para alumnos; 3) fase de reclutamiento y selección de alumnos; 4) implementación de un curso-taller, y 5) evaluación de resultados. Se conformó un grupo de 20 alumnos como muestra para la aplicación de herramientas de diagnóstico y evaluación y para participar en el curso-taller de desarrollo de habilidades del pensamiento. En los hallazgos se identificó una mejora notable en una evaluación final del curso con respecto a una evaluación diagnóstica en temas de habilidades del pensamiento, así como un buen nivel de satisfacción del grupo con el curso-taller. A partir de estos datos, se concluye que la estrategia basada en un programa de desarrollo de habilidades del pensamiento puede ser útil para la disminución del rezago educativo, ya que brinda a los estudiantes herramientas cognitivas para mejorar su desempeño académico, lo que requiere de un estudio longitudinal posterior para comprobarlo de forma empírica.
Preliminary Screening of Brucella Antibodies in Sera of Persons in Contact with Animals in Mahlab 2-Hilat Koukou, Khartoum, Sudan in 2022
Authors: Alhassan M. Leem , Abdelraheem A. Meshkat , Osman I. Latiefa , Ibrahim M. Ahlam Haj , Alhassan M. G. M. , Alhassan M. M. M. , Mohammed M. Yousra , Osman E. Hind
Published: January 2024

Brucellosis remains a major zoonosis worldwide. This study was intended to estimate Brucellosis prevalence among people living and working in a high stocking density area (Mahlab 2) and risk factors. A cross-sectional study was done among randomly selected males and females in the area of Mahlab 2. Data was collected using questionnaires and laboratory investigations. Blood samples were collected from participants. The Rose Bengal Plate (RBP) test was used for the detection of Brucella antibodies in serum samples and a modified Rose Bengal Plate (mRBP) test was used for confirmation. A total of 69 participants were enrolled in this study. The majority of those participants were between 18–29 years of age. The seropositivity of patients’ blood samples using these tests, was 28.4%. Socio-demographic characteristics, occupation, clinical signs of disease, types, and size of herds reared by animal owners, sanitary practices, and awareness about zoonosis, Brucellosis, and symptoms of Brucellosis showed no significant correlation with seropositivity among patients’ blood samples for Brucellosis.
It is recommended that surveillance and extension programs should be carried out to evaluate the magnitude of Brucellosis and to increase awareness about it. For proper control and prevention to decrease the incidence in animals, hence decreasing the incidence in humans, animal vaccination is essential.