bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Negative Piezoresistive Effect in a Stretchable Device Based on a Soft Tunneling Barrier
Authors: Chae Soosang , Fotev Ivan , Bittrich Eva , Choi Won Jin , Uhlmann Petra , Schubert Mathias , Pashkin Alexej , Fery Andreas
Published: October 2020

Piezoresistive soft composite materials are widely used in strain sensing and typically exhibit a decrease in conductivity upon elongation—the so-called positive gauge effect. We demonstrate a thin-film architecture that features the inverse behavior: a strain-induced transition from insulating to metallic conductivity, spanning nine orders of magnitude in conductivity. Our approach is based on a nanometer-scale sandwiched bilayer Au thin film with a polydimethylsiloxane elastomeric barrier layer. Upon application of strain, the thickness of the thin soft barrier decreases because of the strain governed by the Poisson effect, followed by electron-tunneling currents through the barrier, forming an interconnected bilayer metal electrode. An extremely high on–off electrical conductivity ratio (~ 109) is observed over a wide range of working strains (as high as 130%), which mimics the ideal features of a mechanical-force-controlled electric transistor. This conceptual design strategy is expected to benefit a wide range of applications in which operation under minimal standby power could be an essential feature, such as in implantable soft strain sensors and in prosthetic long-term monitoring systems for detecting sudden a swelling/volume expansion of human body organs or blood vessels, thereby helping to avoid acute and severe syndromes.
A Validation on COVID19 Community Spreading: Probabilistic Approach  
Authors: DATTA JAYDIP
Published: October 2020

The objective of this study ( 1,2 ) is to validate the viral load alternatively in terms of density function(3). The re-combination of specific mutants leading to spreading of infection denser. The denser is the viral load ( 1,2) the infectivity will be more probable or susceptible . This viral density ultimately tends to community spreading of that specific mutants and proportional to mortality rate ( 6) .Finally the probability density( 3,5 ) is validated to quantify – a chaotic spreading of Covid19 Virus ( 9 ) leads to community spreading ( 10 ).
Sensitive mass spectrometric determination of kinin-kallikrein system peptides in light of COVID-19
Authors: Gangnus Tanja , Burckhardt Bjoern B
Published: October 2020

The outbreak of COVID-19 has raised interest in the kinin–kallikrein system, as symptoms were postulated to be in connection. Viral blockade of the angiotensin-converting-enzyme 2 impedes degradation of the active kinin des-Arg(9)-bradykinin, which thus increasingly activates bradykinin receptors known to promote inflammation, cough, and edema – symptoms that are commonly observed in COVID-19. However, lean and reliable investigation of the postulated alterations is currently hindered by non-specific peptide adsorption, lacking sensitivity, and cross-reactivity of applicable assays. Here, an LC-MS/MS method was established to determine the following kinins in respiratory lavage fluids: kallidin, bradykinin, des-Arg(10)-kallidin, des-Arg(9)-bradykinin, bradykinin 1-7, bradykinin 2-9 and bradykinin 1-5. This method was fully validated according to regulatory bioanalytical guidelines of the European Medicine Agency and the US Food and Drug Administration and has a broad calibration curve range (up to a factor of 103), encompassing low quantification limits of 4.4–22.8 pg/mL (depending on the individual kinin). The application of the developed LC-MS/MS method to nasal lavage fluid allowed for the rapid (~2 hours), comprehensive and low-volume (100 µL) determination of kinins for the first time. Hence, this novel assay supports current efforts to investigate the pathophysiology of COVID-19, but can also be extended to other diseases.
The Effectiveness of Mental Simulation Training on Educational Performance and Creativity of the Architecture Students in Therapeutic Spaces Design
Authors: Sadeghi Marjan , Kolvir Hojjatolah Rashid , Atadokht Akbar , Akbari Hasan
Published: October 2020

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of teaching mental simulation strategies on academic performance and creativity of architecture students of Mohaghegh Ardabili University of Ardabil in the design of health clinics lesson. The research method was quasi-experimental with pre-test and post-test design with both trial and control groups. The statistical population was composed of all seven semester students who were studying architecture in Mohaghegh Ardabili University in the first semester of the academic year 1396-1397 that they were divided into two groups (each group was 15) that were randomly selected as the trial group and the control group. Tools used in this research were a questionnaire of academic performance, which was adapted from the Performance Measurement Questionnaire (EPT) Pham and Taylor, and Creativity Questionnaire, adapted from the Schaeffer Questionnaire for creativity assessment. Mental simulation trainings were presented for 5 sessions of 3 hours for the trial group. The control group did not receive any training. To analyze data we used ANCOVA covariance from inferential statistics to test the research hypotheses. Findings indicated that training mental simulation strategies improved the academic performance of students under the motivating factor (p <0.05), and on students' creativity have a significant effect under the factor of feeling of fantasy, so simulation strategies can be used to improve architecture students' academic performance and promote their creativity.
Beliefs and practices among primary care physicians during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in Baden-Wuerttemberg (Germany): an observational study 
Authors: Roth Catharina , Breckner Amanda , Moellinger Sophia , Schwill Simon , Peters-Klimm Frank , Szecsenyi Joachim , Stengel Sandra , Wensing Michel
Published: October 2020

Background During the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic various ambulatory health care models (SARS-CoV-2 contact points) were organised in a short period in Baden-Wuerttemberg, a region in Southern Germany. The aim of these SARS-CoV-2 contact points was to ensure medical treatment for patients with (suspected) and without SARS-CoV-2 infection. The present study aimed to assess the beliefs and practices of primary care physicians who either led a SARS-CoV-2 contact point or a primary care practice in Baden-Wuerttemberg during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic.Methods This cross-sectional study was based on a paper-based questionnaire in primary care physicians during the first wave of the pandemic. Participants were identified via the web page of the Association of Statutory Health Insurance Physicians Baden-Wuerttemberg. The questionnaire was distributed between June and July 2020. It measured knowledge, practices, self-efficacy and fears towards SARS-CoV-2, using newly developed questions. Data was descriptively analysed.Results 155 participants (92 leads of SARS-CoV-2 contact points/ 63 leads of primary care practices) completed the questionnaire. About half participants of both groups did not fear an own infection with the novel virus (between 50.8% and 65.2%), however about 75 % feared financial loss. Knowledge was gained using various sources; main sources were the Association of Statutory Health Insurance Physicians (between 79.3% and 82.5%) and the German Society for Hygiene and Microbiology (RKI) (between 88.9% and 94.6%). SARS-CoV-2 contact points treated on average more patients with (suspected) COVID-19 (mean 431.59) than primary care practices (mean 83.8) (p<0.001). Leads of SARS-CoV-2 contact point felt more confident to perform anamnestic/diagnostic procedures (p<0.001). The same was found for the confidence level regarding decision-making concerning the further treatment (p<0.001). Several prevention measures to contain the spread of SARS-CoV-2 were adopted.Conclusion Although primary care physicians rose to the challenges of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic addressing their fears is essential. Next to adequate remuneration for COVID-19 care, support in the clinical and administrative management as well as a robust organisation of care are key issues to prevent exhaustion in the challenge of a prolonged response to the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic.Trial registration The study has been prospectively registered at the German Clinical Trial Register (DRKS00022224).
Guardians of Care Humanization during the Pandemic: Child Neuropsychiatry Residents’ Experience as Volunteers in Italian COVID-19-Designated Hospitals
Authors: Provenzi Livio , Parravicini Stefano , Barello Serena , Nania Tiziana , Grumi Serena , Rinaldi Elisa , Orcesi Simona , Borgatti Renato
Published: October 2020

Objective. During the first months of 2020, the coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) has rapidly spread as an unprecedented pandemic. With the increasing number of hospitalizations, the resources of medical and nursing personnel needed for the direct and indirect care of patients were soon inadequate. Consistently, medical volunteers became a key human resource and young medical residents in any specialty were hired on a voluntary basis to contribute to take care of patients with COVID-19. This study reports on the lived experience of residents in child neuropsychiatry who volunteered in Italian hotspot COVID-19-designated hospitals during the epidemic outbreak.Methods. A phenomenological, qualitative approach using semi-structured interviews with open-ended questions was used to obtain in-depth narratives of the experience of residents in child neuropsychiatry volunteering in the Italian hotspot COVID-19-designated hospitals. All residents (n=8) participated in the study. Interviews were conducted by an expert researcher trained in qualitative methods. Data analysis was performed by independent coders.Results. Five core themes were identified: Playing as a two-fold mediator, Facing the shock of COVID-19 reality, Capitalizing from the own specialty education, Growing as persons and professionals, and Humanizing medical care.Conclusions. This study is unique in providing an in-depth understanding of the experience of young residents in child neuropsychiatry volunteering in general hospitals during an unprecedented epidemic in Northern Italy. The findings suggest that this experience may be highly beneficial for both the residents and the hospital quality of care. Insights for accurate planning of residents’ engagement in future healthcare emergencies are provided.
Shortening the Production Cycle of Clematis
Authors: Samarakoon Uttara C. , Faust James E.
Published: October 2020

Clematis (Clematis ×hybrida) is among the flowering plants well-recognized by the retail consumer; however, production has not traditionally fit into standard greenhouse production systems. One reason is the relatively long 2-year production cycle from propagation to flowering. Four experiments were conducted with clematis ‘H.F. Young’ to understand the factors that influence shoot development and flowering of clematis so that strategies could be developed for bulking, providing a cold treatment, and flowering the plants with a shortened production time. The first experiment showed an increase in shoot and flower numbers and a decrease in time to flower as the duration of cold treatment increased from 0 to 9 weeks and the photoperiod increased from 9 to 16 hours. The second experiment resulted in greater shoot and flower numbers when plants were forced at 21 °C as compared with 27 °C. The third experiment showed that the application of ethephon (500 or 1000 mg·L−1) during bulking increased shoot formation (branching) as compared with the control or 500 mg·L−1 benzylaminopurine treatments. The fourth experiment showed that applications of 500 mg·L−1 ethephon along with a 16-hour photoperiod during the bulking period improved shoot number and flowering of the finished crop. The combined results provide guidelines for producing a well-branched, flowering clematis crop within 1 year from the start of propagation to the time of the first open flower.
Physiological Response of Mature Green Tomatoes to Treatment with Ethylene at High Temperature
Authors: Loayza Francisco E. , Masarirambi Michael T. , Brecht Jeffrey K. , Sargent Steven A. , Sims Charles A.
Published: October 2020

This study investigated the effect of ethylene treatment at high temperatures of 30 to 40 °C for up to 72 hours on subsequent ripening-associated processes in mature green ‘Sunny’ and ‘Agriset 761’ tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum). Compared with ethylene-treated fruit at 20 °C, ethylene exposure at 30 or 35 °C stimulated ripening in terms of ethylene biosynthesis and color development, but the ethylene effect was only apparent after transfer to air at 20 °C. There were no negative effects on ripe tomato quality related to ethylene exposure at 30 or 35 °C. However, ethylene production of tomatoes was permanently impaired by ethylene exposure at 40 °C for 48 or 72 hours even after transferring fruit to air at 20 °C; these fruit exhibited slow softening and color development. Our results suggest that tomatoes perceive ethylene at 30 to 35 °C despite impairment of ripening at those temperatures, with the accelerated ripening response becoming apparent only after transferring the tomatoes to air at lower temperature.
Indagine sull’ascolto ripetuto
Authors: Torresan Paolo , Fasura Vivian
Published: October 2020

Questo articolo analizza diverse attività di ascolto caratterizzate dalla ripetizione del brano audio per un numero di volte che oscilla tra le quattro e le sei. Le attività sono state somministrate in classi di studenti universitari di Lingua e letteratura italiana presso la Universidade Federal Fluminense (Niterói, Brasile). Lo studio rapporta la percentuale di comprensione, audizione dopo audizione, a tre ordini di variabili: la calibrazione del testo, la presenza di uno scambio con i compagni, il numero di volte in cui il testo viene ascoltato. Pur considerate le specificità del contesto della ricerca (in particolar modo, il fatto che le lingue coinvolte sono tipologicamente vicine: portoghese e italiano) e il numero ridotto di partecipanti, i dati che emergono offrono spunti per l’esercizio della pratica dell’ascolto ripetuto.
L’analisi della conversazione per valutare l’autenticità dei materiali audio per l’insegnamento dell’italiano L2: una proposta metodologica
Authors: Pauletto Franco
Published: October 2020

Questo studio di caso ispirato ai principi dell’analisi della conversazione prende in considerazione due conversazioni registrate tratte da un manuale per l’insegnamento dell’italiano L2 per analizzarne alcune caratteristiche salienti sulla base di quanto sappiamo sul parlato spontaneo a partire dagli studi dell’analisi della conversazione (Schegloff, 2007). L’analisi dettagliata delle registrazioni ne mette in luce il carattere a tratti problematico, soprattutto per ciò che concerne la sequenzialità dell’azione, fatto che si traduce nella frequente assenza di coordinamento tra i turni di parola dei parlanti. Altri fenomeni tipici dell’interazione verbale spontanea, quali sovrapposizioni e riparazioni, sono spesso assenti. In sostanza si tratta di conversazioni poco adatte ad un uso didattico che abbia tra i propri obiettivi anche quello di far riflettere gli apprendenti sulle specificità che caratterizzano il parlato in interazione. L’articolo vuole proporre un modello di analisi di questi supporti audio che prenda in considerazione la stretta relazione esistente tra lingua, struttura sequenziale del parlato e azione sociale.
Examination Techniques of the First Cranial Nerve: What Neurosurgical Residents Should Know
Authors: Sang Xian Leonard Leong , Nallaluthan Vasu , De Jun Yong , Lin-Wei Ooi , Abdul Halim Sanihah , Yong Chuan Chee , Idris Zamzuri , Ghani Abdul Rahman Izaini , Abdullah Jafri Malin
Published: October 2020

Olfactory or smell dysfunction is often overlooked by clinicians despite being prevalent in the population. To date in Malaysia, there is no standard and reliable test to examine the function of olfaction. Tests used at developed countries such as the Sniffin’ Sticks Test (SST), the Connecticut Chemosensory Clinical Research Center (CCCRC) test, the University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test (UPSIT) and the Brief Smell Identification Test (B-SIT) are not readily available in this region and may be costly to procure. The first cranial nerve can be tested using commonly available materials to assess: i) the function of odour detection; ii) the odour discrimination; and iii) the odour identification. An abnormal odour detection threshold test generally indicates a peripheral olfactory problem while the odour discrimination and identification test attribute the problem to the cerebral cortex. An olfactory complaint should not be taken lightly and a proper olfactory function examination is important: i) to determine the legitimacy of a patient’s complaint; ii) to monitor the progress of patient’s olfactory function; iii) to establish insurance payout for disability; and iv) to characterise the specific nature of the problem.

A video has been produced to demonstrate the examination techniques explained in this article.
Analysis and Factors Associated with Measles in Larut, Matang and Selama Districts, Perak, Malaysia
Authors: Qamruddin Asraf Ahmad , Qamruddin Reza , Malik Ayu
Published: October 2020

Objectives: To determine the incidence rate of measles and the factors associated with confirmed measles cases in Larut, Matang and Selama districts.

Methods: Cross-sectional analysis was carried out looking at all suspected and laboratoryconfirmed measles cases in Larut, Matang and Selama districts between 2015 and 2019. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to determine the associated factors for laboratory-confirmed measles cases.

Results: The incidence rate for suspected measles showed an increasing trend from 2015–2019. For laboratory-confirmed measles cases, the incidence rate showed more variation with an increase to 36.11 per million population in 2017 from 5.67 per million population in 2015. The incidence rate later decreased to 10.99 per million population in 2018 and increased again to 24.47 per million population in 2019. From multiple logistic regression analysis, cases that fulfilled the case definition of measles were more likely to be laboratory-confirmed measles. On the other hand, a prior history of measles immunisation was a protective factor.

Conclusion: Measles incidence is increasing in trend. Any suspected measles cases that fulfilled the clinical case definitions need to be further investigated. Immunisation should be promoted as they are effective in preventing and eliminating measles.
sLORETA Source Localisation of Visual Mismatch Negativity in Dyslexic Children During Malay Orthographical Lexicon Stimulations
Authors: Ali Siti Atiyah , Begum Tahamina , Reza Faruque , Fadzil Nor Asyikin , Mustafar Faiz
Published: October 2020

Background: While there are studies on visual lexical processing in other languages among dyslexics, no studies were done in the Malay language. The origin of visual lexical processing might be different in the Malay language. We aimed to detect the source localisation of visual mismatch negativity (vMMN) during Malay orthographic lexicon stimulations, employing an event-related potential (ERP) study.

Methods: Twelve dyslexic and twelve non-dyslexic children participated in this study. They pushed button ‘1’ when they saw real (meaningful) Malay words and button ‘2’ for pseudowords (meaningless). The source localisation of vMMN was performed in the grand average waveform by applying the standardised low-resolution brain electromagnetic tomography (sLORETA) method using Net Station software.

Results: Left occipital (BA17) and left temporal (BA37) lobes were activated during real words in the non-dyslexic and dyslexic children, respectively. During pseudowords, BA18 and BA17 areas of the left occipital lobe were activated in the non-dyslexic and dyslexic children, separately. vMMN sources were found at the left temporal (BA37) and right frontal (BA11) lobes in nondyslexic and dyslexic children, respectively.

Conclusion: Right frontal lobe is the decision-making area where vMMN source was found in dyslexic children. We concluded that dyslexic children required the decision-making area to detect Malay real and pseudowords.
Evaluation of Better Staining Method among Hematoxylin and Eosin, Giemsa and Periodic Acid Schiff-Alcian Blue for the Detection of Helicobacter pylori in Gastric Biopsies
Authors: Alkhamiss Abdullah Saleh
Published: October 2020

Background: This study was undertaken to evaluate the preferred method (Giemsa or periodic acid Schiff-Alcian blue [PAS-AB] stains) of detecting Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) in gastric mucosal biopsies in terms of sensitivity, specificity and applicability. To the best of my knowledge, this is the first report comparing Giemsa and PAS-AB staining for the detection of H. pylori in such biopsies.

Methods: The formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded blocks of 49 gastric biopsies from different patients were collected from the archive of anatomical pathology at King Abdulaziz Medical City, National Guard, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. From each block, three slides were prepared and analysed using the hematoxylin and eosin (H&E), Giemsa and PAS-AB stains to detect the presence/absence of H. pylori, and the results were compared in terms of sensitivity, specificity and applicability.

Results: The majority of the biopsies in this study showed antrum-type gastric mucosa. Only 15 biopsies showed active gastritis, whereas the rest showed chronic gastritis. Three biopsies showed intestinal metaplasia. All were detected by PAS-AB stain, but only two-thirds were detected by H&E stain. Fifteen gastric biopsies showed H. pylori infection in general and in 13 of them, active gastritis cases were discovered. Fourteen out of these 15 H. pylori infection cases were detected by Giemsa stain, whereas only 13 cases were detected by H&E stain. PAS-AB stain showed the worst results since it demonstrated only 40% sensitivity and 67.65% specificity in H. pylori detection.

Conclusion: Giemsa stain has better sensitivity and specificity in gastric H. pylori infection detection than PAS-AB. Therefore, using PAS-AB stain to detect H. pylori infection is not recommended.
Neki prediktori depresivnosti u adolescenciji
Authors: Jelić Katarina
Published: October 2020

Depresija je složeni psihološki konstrukt koji tumačimo pomoću brojnih faktora. Vjerojatnost doživljavanja depresivnih simptoma dvostruko je veća za žene, a razlike s obzirom na spol pojavljuju se upravo u adolescenciji kada kod oba spola dolazi do porasta u depresivnosti. Ovakvi nalazi potvrđeni su u ovom istraživanju na uzorku učenika srednjih škola (N = 335) u kojem su depresivni simptomi mjereni Skalom depresivnosti za djecu i adolescente (Vulić-Prtorić, 2003). Depresivnost se na predstavljenome uzorku nastojala objasniti hijerarhijskim modelom koji je kombinirao jedinstveni doprinos varijabli dobi, spola, roditeljskog stila odgoja i perfekcionizma kod adolescenata. Tako pretpostavljeni model uspio je objasniti ukupno 43% varijance depresivnosti na odabranome uzorku. Autoritativni stil odgoja dosljedno se povezuje s psihološkom dobrobiti djece, dok je autoritarni povezan s brojnim internaliziranim problemima kao što je depresivnost. To objašnjava značajne i visoke korelacije između rezultata na Skali percepcije roditeljskog ponašanja (Macuka, 2008) s depresivnošću, ali i mjerama perfekcionizma na uzorku adolescenata. Perfekcionizam se definira u terminima postavljanja visokih standarda, uz pretjerano kritične samoevaluacije. U adolescenciji se naglašava izvedba, što u kombinaciji s brojim drugim promjenama čini pojedinca ranjivim za razvoj depresije, na što upućuje i dobivena povezanost rezultata na Multidimenzionalnoj skali perfekcionizma (MPS-F) i depresivnosti. Ključne riječi: adolescencija, depresivnost, perfekcionizam, roditeljstvo
THE STUDY OF THE PREDICTIVE ABILITY OF NUMERICAL AND ANALYTICAL MODELS (THE CASE OF MUTUAL WELL IMPACT EVALUATION)
Authors: Shevtsov Nikita O. , Stepanov Sergei V. , Pospelova Tatiana A.
Published: October 2020

The main purpose of any model is to provide an opportunity to study the model object and the processes running in it for obtaining the predictive characteristics, among other reasons. In this connection, it is important to know, which mathematical models can help in analyzing and supporting oil deposit development, in particular, in assessing the mutual influence of production and injection wells.
The characteristic features of mathematical modeling of field development include the oil deposits being located in natural formations that cannot be directly observed, as well as the complex filtration processes taking place in the formations due to the formation structure. Therefore, the mathematical modeling of development can be both complex and simple. On the one hand, it may use complex numerical hydrodynamic models, based on the understanding of spatial distribution of reservoir properties, which have an opportunity for detailed description of filtration processes. On the other hand, the modeling may use relatively simple analytical models, which have no need to specify the spatial distribution of properties; yet, the description of filtration processes is significantly simplified in comparison with hydrodynamics. Therefore, the practical value of the modeling result depends on the right approach to modeling.
The task of estimating the mutual influence of wells requires the choice of numerical or analytical model to be based on understanding of the predictive ability of the models under consideration. Since such ability depends both on the ability to describe filtration processes in detail and on the need to take into account the spatial distribution of reservoir properties, it is initially impossible to conclude, which model has the best predictive ability. It becomes possible to reveal the level of predictive ability when considering the problem of mutual well impact assessment for synthetic models of oil deposits.
This article presents the results of studies in the case of ten synthetic models. Numerical hydrodynamic models and analytical CRM models were set up for “actual” data of well operation. Using the retrospective test method, the authors have shown that the analytical models have a higher predictive power than the numerical models.
THE STUDY OF THE ELECTROPHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF A COMPOSITE MEMRISTOR-DIODE CROSSBAR AS A BASIS OF THE NEUROPROCESSOR HARDWARE IMPLEMENTATION
Authors: Pisarev Alexander D. , Busygin Alexander N. , Bobylev Andrey N. , Gubin Alexey A. , Udovichenko Sergey Yu.
Published: October 2020

The aim of this article lies in checking the efficiency of memory and logic matrices. Achieving this has required producing a composite memristor-diode crossbar and studying its electrophysical properties. For these purposes, the authors have made a measuring bench, which consists of a composite memristor-diode crossbar, control peripheral circuitry, based on discrete elements with CMOS logic, and Keithley SourceMeter 2400.
The silicon junction p-Si/n-Si has been chosen because its electrical properties better suit the Zenner diode’s requirements compared to the p-Si/ZnO junction. The memristor-diode crossbar with the TiN/Ti0,93Al0,07Ox/p-Si/n-Si/W structure was made with implementation of a new diode. The results show that the crossbar cell with a p-Si/n-Si diode has better rectifying properties in comparison with a p-Si/ZnOx diode, because the current in the crossbar cell with positive voltage bias is much higher than with negative voltage bias. Strong rectifying properties of the cell are necessary for the functioning of diode logic in the logic matrix and for memristor state recording in the logic and memory matrices.
The study of electrophysical properties of the composite memristor-diode crossbar, measurement of current-voltage characteristics of the diode and composite memristor-diode crossbar cell and signal processing were performed. The signal processing was performed in the following modes: addition of output impulses of neurons and their routing to synapses of other neurons; multiplication of number matrix by vector, performed in the memory matrix with weighing and totalling of signals; and associative self-learning.
For the first time, the generation of a new association (new knowledge) in the composite memristor-diode crossbar has been shown, as opposed to associative self-learning in existing hardware neural networks with discrete-memristors-based synapses. The change of crossbar cell’s output current caused by parasitic currents through adjacent cells has been determined. The results show that the control over Zenner diode characteristics allows reducing the power consumption of the composite crossbar. Obtained electrophysical characteristics prove the efficiency of the composite memristor-diode crossbar, intended for production of the memory and logic matrices.
Genetic Analysis of Gitelman Syndrome: Co-existence with Hyperthyroidism in a Two-year-old Boy
Authors: Yu Shufeng , Wang Caixia
Published: October 2020

Case Presentation:

A two-year-old boy visited the doctor for hypokalemia and metabolic
alkalosis. Laboratory examination revealed that urinary potassium excretion and serum aldosterone
level were increased, with hyperthyroidism and thyroid-related antibodies positive at the same
time. Genetic testing showed that there was a complex heterozygous mutation in the SLC12A3
gene, c.1077C>G (p.N359K) and c.1567G>A (p.A523?); the final diagnosis was Gitelman syndrome
and autoimmune hyperthyroidism.

Background:

Gitelman syndrome is an autosomal recessive genetic disease caused by the inactivation
of mutation of the SLC12A3 gene. The onset age is more than 6 years old; it is mainly manifested
as low blood potassium, low blood sodium, low blood chlorine, metabolic alkalosis, increased
urine potassium and urine chlorine excretion, and low urine calcium. Autoimmune hyperthyroidism
manifests due to autoimmune disorders. The highest incidence rate in children is of
Graves' disease, followed by chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis.

Conclusion:
ANALYSIS OF SUSTAINABILITY OF ECONOMIC SECTOR IN PROBOLINGGO DISTRICT EAST JAVA PROVINCE – INDONESIA
Authors: Patiung Markus , Wisnujati Nugrahini
Published: October 2020

Gross Regional Domestic Product (PDRB) is the amount of gross added value arising from all economic sectors in the region. It aims to help formulate regional policies, plan and evaluate development results, and provide information that can describe the regional economic performance. The purpose of this research is to analyse sustainable economic sector in Probolinggo district east Java province – Indonesia. A sustainable sector means a sector that is currently included as a basis and will remain a basis sector in the future even if the growth is slow or fast. The analytical methods used include analysis of Location Quotient (LQ), Dynamic Location Quotient (DLQ), and Klassen Typology. Of the 17 economic sectors that contributed to the PDRB of Probolinggo district, with the results of the LQ analysis, 7 sectors were in basic categories and 10 sectors were in non-basic categories. Results of the comparative analysis of LQ and DLQ indicates that there are 5 leading sectors, 2 prospective sectors, 6 mainstay sectors, and 4 lagging sectors. The results of the classification typology analysis consisted of 3 fast-growing and fast-growing sectors, 7 sectors is growing fast, 4 advanced and slow-growing sectors, and 3 relatively lagging sectors. From the three analysis results, it can be seen that the sustainable sectors are agriculture, forestry, and fisheries (second rank ); electricity and gas procurement sector (first rank); water supply, waste management, waste and recycling sectors (third rank); health service sector and social activities (fourth rank); other service sectors (rank fifth); processing industry sector; construction sector; transportation and warehousing sector; the accommodation and food and drink provision sector; information and communication sector; and the education services sector.
IDENTIFICATION OF PARTNERSHIP PATTERNS AND RICE DISTRIBUTION CHANNELS AS THE MAIN COMMODITY IN SIDENRENG RAPPANG DISTRICT
Authors: Mursalat Aksal , Wulandary Ayu , R Fitriani
Published: October 2020

Sidenreng Rappang Regency is one of the rice providers in South Sulawesi Province in supporting food self-sufficiency in Indonesia. However, there are several problems faced by farmers in Sidenreng Rappang Regency, namely farmers have not been able to optimize their production results due to limited information in determining selling prices, while through a partnership pattern it makes it easier for farmers to obtain information about marketing and other problems, namely the length of distribution channels experienced by farmers. causing the selling price of rice to be classified as very low. The purpose of this research is to identify or study the partnership patterns and distribution channels that have been carried out by rice farmers in Sidenreng Rappang Regency. This research was conducted in Sidenreng Rappang Regency which took place in May-August 2020. The method used was observation and interviews involving 10 rice farmer respondents, then the data were analyzed to determine the implementation of the partnership pattern in the form of a descriptive method and to detect the distribution pattern of rice commodities. Based on the results of the research, the partnership pattern in the rice distribution channel in Sidenreng Rappang Regency is included in the category of general trading patterns, namely by marketing unhulled grain products to rice milling companies through intermediary traders. The implementation of the rice distribution channel system begins with farmers - collectors - rice milling companies, then distributed to two business actors, namely large companies and retailers to the final level to consumers.
THE DECISION OF SALT FARMERS BEHAVIOR TO THE USE GEOMEMBRANE TECHNOLOGY USING FUZZY AHP (Case in Lembung Village, Galis District, Pamekasan Regency)
Authors: Nazizah Fitrotin , Asmara Rosihan , Wahyuningtyas Agustina
Published: October 2020

Pamekasan regency is an area in Madura Island that has the potential to increase the quality and quantity of salt by recommending the use of geomembrane technology. This research will give recommendation of factor is the highest priority of salt farmer’s behavior decisions on the use of geomembrane technology. The method developed in this research are combination of AHP and Fuzzy AHP method. AHP is used to determine the consistency of judgments made by each respondent and Fuzzy AHP is used to determine the criteria weight and subcriteria to determine the highest priority criteria and subcriteria decisions. Priority results using FAHP obtained that highest priority factor the behavior decisions of salt farmers towards the use of geomembrane technology at the level of farmers and agencies to technical aspects is production result subcriteria, to economic aspects is profit of salt farmers subcriteria, to socio cultural aspect is geomembrane technology is corresponding government advice and to environment aspects is quality of salt
ANALYSIS OF STRUCTURAL TRANSFORMATION OF LABOR FROM AGRICULTURE TO NON-AGRICULTURE IN ASIA
Authors: Awaliyyah Emy Zahrotul , Chen Shwu-En , Anindita Ratya , Suhartini S
Published: October 2020

Through the dataset from APO (Asian Productivity Organization) comprising 22 countries in Asia from 1980 to 2015, this study is to investigate the growth pattern, decomposition, and determinants of structural transformation in Asia. A decomposition method measuring within-effect, between-static-effect, and between-dynamic-effect was adopted to explain the structural change within sectors of agriculture, industry, and services. The results show that the agriculture sector of all countries in Asia declines slowly. The agriculture sector is no longer the largest contributor to GDP in all Asian countries even though it still has the largest labor in Asian developing countries. Workers moving from the agriculture sector to the services sector as the productivity of the service sector is higher than agriculture. The structural changes positively contribute to productivity growth in Asia as a result of the positive static reallocation effects and negative dynamic reallocation effects. Overall, the structural changes contribute to a large part of labor productivity growth. The important determinants of structural transformation are the employment share in agriculture and trade. Final, the policy implication was proposed for structural changes.
By The Numbers: Individual Bias and Enterprise Risk Management
Authors: Blaskovich Jennifer , Taylor Eileen Z.
Published: October 2020

In theory, enterprise risk management (ERM) appears to be a succinct and effective risk management model. In practice, as is the case with most managerial techniques, the devil is in the implementation. This study explores this issue by examining how the composition of ERM groups determines which risks are managed and which risks are ignored. In two experiments, we find that groups with accounting or financial backgrounds place greater emphasis on financial risks compared with cross-functional groups. Results suggest that organizations will achieve different ERM outcomes from using cross-functional groups than financially oriented group.
Хаотический потенциал заряженных дислокаций в гетероконтактах III-нитридов
Authors: Бондаренко В.Б. , Филимонов А.В. , Kumar Ravi
Published: October 2020

In this work, the structure of the chaotic potential in heterocontacts of III-nitrides, caused by the electrostatic field of charged dislocations, is studied. Taking into account the spatial dispersion of the dielectric response of a two-dimensional electron gas, the amplitude and scale of the chaotic potential in the contact plane are determined. The dependence of the parameters of the chaotic potential on the surface states density and the concentration of dislocations is shown.
Экспериментальное исследование многополосной акустооптической фильтрации при декодировании спектрально-кодированных сигналов в некогерентных системах OCDMA
Authors: Филатов А.Л.
Published: October 2020

Acousto-optical multi-band filtering has been experimentally proven to be basement for designing optical code division multiple access (OCDMA) systems. The interference caused by used for encoding / decoding sets of spectral lines which shape close to the sin (x) / x function was investigated. To study decoding of the total signal from 2-5 transmitters, it was emulated with just one filter using novel acousto-optical technique. The measured Signal-to-Interference Ratio for 5 transmitters was more than 11 dB and decreased due to the emulation error by less than 3 dB.
Особенности применения электронов в исследовании пленок гексаферрита бария на c-сапфире
Authors: Муслимов А.Э. , Исмаилов М.Г. , Каневский В.М.
Published: October 2020

Processes of film formation (0001) BaFe12O19 on sapphire with ferromagnetic "easy axis" directed along normal to substrate are investigated. Propagation of the beam of high-energy electrons during interaction with the (0001) BaFe12O19 film was studied depending on the angle of incidence of the beam. Deflection of sliding electron beam by magnetic field of (0001) BaFe12O19 film is demonstrated. It is shown that the presence of (0001) BaFe12O19 film on sapphire leads to the redistribution of cathodoluminescence in it mainly to the "red" region. The radiation associated with the film itself was not detected in the experiment.
Фотовольтаические характеристики светодиодов с двумя последовательными p-n-переходами
Authors: Соколовский А.А. , Моисеев В.В.
Published: October 2020

In this work, we investigated the photovoltaic characteristics of high-power IR LEDs manufactured by OSRAM GmbH based on structures with two vertically stacked p-n junctions. The spectral range of operation of PVTs based on LEDs with different radiation wavelengths was determined, and it was shown that the efficiency of photovoltaic conversion in them reaches more than 30% at a wavelength of 808 nm. The high (up to 2.6 V) output voltage of such converters allows them to be used for direct power supply of low-power electronic devices with optical radiation.
Socioeconomic Status Inequalities Partially Mediate Racial and Ethnic Differences in Children’s Amygdala Volume
Authors: Assari Shervin
Published: October 2020

Background: While race/ethnicity and socioeconomic status (SES) impact brain structures such as the amygdala, less is known on whether or not family SES partially explains why amygdala volume is smaller for racial and ethnic minority groups. Purpose: This study tested the mediating effects of family SES on racial and ethnic differences in right and left amygdala volume. Methods: We borrowed the structural Magnetic Resonance Imaging (sMRI) data of the Children Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study, a brain imaging investigation of childhood brain development in the US. The total sample was 8977, 9-10-year-old children. The independent variables were race and ethnicity. The primary outcomes were right and left amygdala volume. Age, sex, household size, and marital status were the covariates. Multiple SES indicators such as family income, subjective family SES, parental employment, parental education, and neighborhood income were the mediators. To analyze the data, we used regression models without and with our mediators. Sobel test was used to test if these mediational paths are statistically significant. Results: Black and Latino children had smaller amygdala sizes than non-Latino White children. The effects of race and ethnicity on amygdala volume were partially mediated by SES indicators, suggesting that one of the many reasons Black and Latino children have smaller volumes of right and left amygdala is their lower SES. Conclusions: For American children, lower family and neighborhood SES indicators partially, but not fully, explain smaller amygdala sizes of Black and Latino children compared to non- Latino White children.
Research on Integration and Improvement of Different Software Quality Management Systems
Authors: Jin Xue
Published: October 2020

This paper analyzes the characteristics of GJB 9001c and GJB 5000A military quality management system standards. Taking optimization and improvement as the guiding ideology, some specifications of GJB 9001c and GJB 5000A are integrated, in order to put forward the military software quality management system content to help them integrate and improve.
Project-based learning and its contribution to avoid plagiarism of university students
Authors: Sorea Daniela , Repanovici Angela
Published: October 2020

Este estudio presenta los resultados de una investigación documental sobre los enfoques recientes de las causas y soluciones del plagio de los estudiantes universitarios. Contiene una clasificación de las causas de acuerdo con el nivel en el que ocurren. Además, según los resultados de una observación directa, el estudio muestra que en Rumania, donde se promueve el aprendizaje basado en proyectos, la costumbre de los estudiantes de usar fuentes basadas en internet de manera poco ética se desarrolla antes de la educación académica, con el requisito de que los alumnos elaboren proyectos escolares. Esto se propone como una causa adicional de plagio de estudiantes universitarios. El hábito de copiar y pegar materiales disponibles en línea es difícil de contrarrestar de manera eficiente, pero puede corregirse y dirigirse hacia la adquisición de nuevos conocimientos. El plagio ya no es eficiente para los estudiantes cuando se les pide explícitamente que hagan comentarios sobre materiales que ya están disponibles en línea.
De las fosas al panteón: contrasentidos en las honras de los indios revividos
Authors: Salamanca Carlos
Published: October 2020

Después de la declaración de conquista definitiva de la región chaqueña en 1911, la reducción de Indios de Napalpí fue, en 1924, el escenario de la mayor manifestación de violencia institucionalizada por parte del estado-nación argentino contra los indígenas chaqueños. Revisado a la luz de los procesos de democratización de la década de 1980 y de los procesos de acción política indígena contemporánea, la matanza se caracteriza hoy por múltiples lecturas y usos a veces contradictorios. Este trabajo analiza los contextos en que la masacre de Napalpí se convierte en escenario de reivindicación política. Además, cómo los conflictos por la memoria se insertan en un contexto de la mercantilización de las relaciones indígenas con el estado, y de dos tendencias simultáneas de profundización/banalización del debate acerca de la etnicidad y la clase como dispositivos políticos relacionales con el estado.
Nación y alteridad en Colombia: la población negra y la colonialidad del poder
Authors: Villegas Vélez Álvaro
Published: October 2020

Este artículo muestra como en Colombia la homogeneización nacional se postergó indefinidamente, dada la tensión entre una dimensión pedagógica, que resalta la integración y unificación territorial y poblacional de la república, y una performativa, que la difiere al multiplicar la presencia de la diferencia. Esto ha sido particularmente visible en la forma en que las élites han representado a la población negra en dos periodos particulares: 1853-1869 y 1920-1935. A pesar de sus continuidades, en cada periodo la alteridad étnico/racial (lo negro) y la alteridad territorial (las tierras bajas) se articulan de diversas formas en torno a debates sobre el mestizaje, la liberalización de la naturaleza, la eugenesia y el problema de la soberanía nacional.
Luces y sombras. El compromiso en la etnografía
Authors: Marrero Guillamón Isaac
Published: October 2020

¿Cómo defender Hoy que la tarea primordial de la etnografía es acercarse más a la realidad? ¿Cómo combinar una conciencia posestructuralista con el intento de describir y explicar un mundo “ahí fuera”? ¿Qué sentido tiene una etnografía que no aspire a la transformación de la realidad? Estas son algunas de las cuestiones que este artículo aborda, retomando el debate entre naturalismo y realismo planteado por Manuel Delgado (2003) en esta misma Revista. A la idea de un retorno al “naturalismo primitivo” se contrapone una etnografía “realista”: más plana (que reconoce la singularidad de cada objeto y se interesa por sus relaciones) y más oscura (que no aspira a la transparencia y que reconoce el texto como mediación).
Música y fiesta en la construcción del territorio nasa (Colombia)
Authors: Miñana Blasco Carlos
Published: October 2020

El pueblo nasa, en el suroccidente andino de Colombia, reafirma y construye a Diario sus territorios no sólo por medios legales, trabajando o luchando por la tierra, sino también con ritos, fiestas, música y bailes. Este artículo, basado en un trabajo de campo de varios años, señala vínculos significativos y continuidades entre los territorios de los cacicazgos precolombinos y las fronteras delimitadas y celebradas por las actuales prácticas rituales y musicales.
Defendiendo territorios desde el exilio: desplazamiento y reconstrucción en Colombia contemporánea
Authors: Salcedo Fidalgo Andrés
Published: October 2020

Este artículo analiza cómo entienden diversos grupos de población el desplazamiento forzoso y las articulaciones que esta geopolítica bélica presenta entre guerra, movimientos sociales y reconfiguración urbana. Con base en testimonios explora el complejo trabajo de rememoración del lugar por parte de personas en situación de desplazamiento, que contrarresta los discursos dominantes de la neutralidad humanitaria. Examina los discursos de los movimientos étnicos sobre su pasado y por la defensa del territorio y la cultura desde la ciudad. Propone el término “reconstrucción” para dar cuenta de la activación de nuevos espacios políticos y sociales que los recién llegados establecen con las comunidades que dejaron atrás y con migrantes de su misma parentela, grupos étnicos o afiliaciones ideológicas, ubicados en la capital de tiempo atrás.