bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Recyclable Amphiphilic Magnetic‐responsive Mixed‐Shell Nanoparticles With High Interfacial Activity Comparable to Janus Particles for Oily Water Purification
Authors: Wu Dong , Zhu Jie , Xu Jiayin , Zhao Xinran , Jiang Oushuo , Huang Xiayun , Nie Zhihong , Chen Daoyong
Published: November 2024

Amphiphilic magnetic‐responsive mixed‐shell nanoparticles (Mag‐MSNPs) with tailorable compositions are synthesized by electrostatic‐mediated cross‐linking of core‐forming blocks of two diblock copolymers, followed by in situ growth of magnetite in the cross‐linked core. The Mag‐MSNPs have a magnetic‐responsive core and hydrophilic/lipophilic mixed shells, firmly anchoring at the oil–water interface of emulsified oil droplets due to their high interfacial activity (13.1 mN m−1 at a rather low emulsifier concentration of 1.2 mg mL−1 in the n‐hexane/water system), outperforming most of Janus particles. Driven by the magnetic field, the emulsified oil droplets with Mag‐MSNPs at the interface are drawn to one side for collection. The oil–water separation efficiency reaches 99.5%, manifesting their excellent ability to remove emulsified oil droplets from oily water. After five separation and regeneration cycles, the separation efficiency remains at 98.8%, showcasing their potential for recyclable oily water purification.
Effect of built‐in bias field on hysteresis loss of FeSiAl/SrFe12O19 soft magnetic composite
Authors: Ni J. L. , Zhao C. R. , Zhu S. J. , Feng S. J. , Kann X. C. , Liu X. S.
Published: November 2024

After magnetization, the magnetic loss of FeSiAl/SrFe12O19 (SrM) soft magnetic composite is greatly reduced compared with that before magnetization, which has similar effect with FeSiAl magnetic powder core with applied external transverse magnetic field. The experimental results show that the internal bias field provided by SrM ferrite after magnetization increases the average domain size, reduces the number of domain walls and the displacement of domain walls, thereby effectively reducing the hysteresis loss. When the content of SrM ferrite is 8.1 wt.‐%, the magnetic loss is reduced by about 50 %, and the overall performance is the best.
The reinforcing effect of carbon fibers on the mechanical properties of aluminum‐carbon fibers composite sheet prepared by the accumulative roll bonding method
Authors: Yang W. , Yang H. , Jian Z.
Published: November 2024

The 3 K and 6 K (meaning that 3000 or 6000 carbon filaments are contained in one bundle) carbon fibers were embedded by pure aluminum sheets to have a sandwich composite structure under the accumulative roll bonding method. The tensile and cupping tests were carried out to reveal the strengthening mechanism of carbon fibers embedded in the aluminum+carbon fibers composite sheets. The improvements of ultimate tensile and cupping strengths of aluminum+carbon fibers composite sheets reached to be as high as 48 % and 38 %, compared with that of as‐received sheets. With the detailed observation of the tensile and cupping fractures, the underlying strengthening mechanism comes from the bridging effect of carbon fibers during tensile and cupping tests. The accumulative roll bonding method was approved to be an effective way for aluminum+carbon fibers composite sheets preparation with higher tensile and cupping strength.
Fabrication and property evaluation of waste glass dust filled epoxy‐hemp and epoxy‐flax hybrid composites
Authors: Saran C. S. , Satapathy A.
Published: November 2024

Glass dust particles, generated in glass cutting industries as a process waste possess health risk and serious environmental issues. This paper essentially reports on exploring the possibility of using this waste glass dust as particulate filler in two different natural fibers (hemp/flax) reinforced polymer composites. Such composites are prepared by hand lay‐up route, varying weight percentages of waste glass dust from 0 to 20. The physical and mechanical characterizations are evaluated experimentally. X‐ray diffractogram analysis reveals the degree of crystallinity of the composites and the phases present in the raw filler. With the incorporation of waste glass dust, the flexural strength, inter‐laminar shear stress and micro‐hardness of the composites are improved up to about 52 %, 44 % and 20 % respectively. On the contrary, tensile and impact strengths tend to decrease about 32 % and 17 % with filler content. Using scanning electron microscopy, the possible mechanisms such as fiber‐matrix de‐bonding, fiber‐pullout, matrix crack and rupture etc. are identified for failures of the composites under tensile, flexural and impact loadings. With low crystallinity and fairly good mechanical properties, these hybrid composites can have potential use in thermal insulations and low‐load engineering applications.
A Multi‐Criteria Decision Support Tool for Shared Decision Making in Clinical Consultation
Authors: Tuncer Şakar Ceren , Keith‐Jopp Chloe , Yet Barbaros , Joyner Christopher , Hill Adele , Roberts James , Marsh William , Morrissey Dylan
Published: November 2024

In clinical consultation, Shared Decision Making (SDM) between the patient and clinician can inform the patient about available treatment options, likely harms and benefits in order to reach a joint decision that accommodates the patient's preferences. Multi‐Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) can be beneficial for this complex problem by offering systematic approaches to elicit preferences for multiple conflicting criteria and evaluate alternatives accordingly. We propose an online SDM tool based on MCDA to guide decisions in clinical consultation where there are multiple treatment options whose outcomes in different factors vary according to the patient. The tool was designed with a panel of domain experts and it enables rapid elicitation of patient preferences and clinician judgements. It is based on Preference Ranking Organization Method for Enrichment Evaluations II (PROMETHEE II) to produce a comprehensive evaluation of the options. The patient‐specific outcomes used in the SDM tool are derived from predictive machine learning models or published evidence. The tool was firstly qualitatively evaluated using a fictitious shoulder pain scenario with three focus groups of consultant and specialist physiotherapists. It was evaluated further with patients via structured interview format. The general response was positive; stating that the tool was informative about options and their performance in multiple criteria, and also useful in making a joint decision. The tool is ready to be incorporated into clinical care and evaluated by clinicians and patients in parallel with existing processes.
An Applied Study of an Electric Vehicle Revenue Game Model Considering Graphene Battery Materials
Authors: Wenhui Xia , Tong Xiao , Qianyin Xia , Yuesi Li
Published: November 2024

In order to explain the development prospects and expected benefits of graphene battery material electric vehicles, we introduce electrical energy consumption and graphene battery material preference under the background of carbon trading and dual credit policy and use the Stackelberg game model to solve the optimal decision‐making of the supply chain nodes under different production conditions and then study the social welfare accordingly. The results show that the dual credit policy and carbon trading policy can effectively regulate the production activities of enterprises. Graphene material has a large impact on the market, but its performance is not impressive. The trend of social welfare suggests that graphene materials have great potential.
Bonding the Gap: Surety Bond Guarantee, Defaults, and Small Businesses
Authors: Patel Pankaj C.
Published: November 2024

When small and medium‐sized enterprises (SMEs) submit bids or tender proposals for projects, they often encounter difficulties in obtaining a surety bond, which is a financial guarantee from a third party that they will meet their contractual obligations. Drawing on transaction cost economics, this study focuses on a seldom‐studied phenomenon of third‐party bond surety programs available to small businesses. For each one‐unit increase in the bond guarantee percentage the odds of default decrease, higher project amount or subcontracting exacerbates the odds of default, and geographic distance between the business and project site does not affect default. The effect sizes are practically meaningful, and the inferences are robust to alternate specifications.
Colorado voters back gun tax to support victim assistance
Authors: Enos Gary
Published: November 2024

Colorado voters this month approved a 6.5% excise tax on gun manufacturers and retailers, with much of the anticipated revenue targeting mental health support for crime victims. Some mental health organizations in the state officially backed the measure, although victim assistance more broadly served as the main driver of the initiative.
The TROG 15.01 stereotactic prostate adaptive radiotherapy utilizing kilovoltage intrafraction monitoring (SPARK) clinical trial database
Authors: Sengupta Chandrima , Nguyen Doan Trang , Li Yifan , Hewson Emily , Ball Helen , O'Brien Ricky , Booth Jeremy , Kipritidis John , Eade Thomas , Kneebone Andrew , Hruby George , Bromley Regina , Greer Peter , Martin Jarad , Hunter Perry , Wilton Lee , Moodie Trevor , Hayden Amy , Turner Sandra , Hardcastle Nicholas , Siva Shankar , Tai Keen‐Hun , Arumugam Sankar , Sidhom Mark , Poulsen Per , Gebski Val , Moore Alisha , Keall Paul
Published: November 2024

Purpose

The US National Institutes of Health state that Sharing of clinical trial data has great potential to accelerate scientific progress and ultimately improve public health by generating better evidence on the safety and effectiveness of therapies for patients (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK285999/ accessed 2024‐01‐24.). Aligned with this initiative, the Trial Management Committee of the Trans‐Tasman Radiation Oncology Group (TROG) 15.01 Stereotactic Prostate Adaptive Radiotherapy utilizing Kilovoltage intrafraction monitoring (KIM) (SPARK) clinical trial supported the public sharing of the clinical trial data.

Acquisition and Validation Methods

The data originate from the TROG 15.01 SPARK clinical trial. The SPARK trial was a phase II prospective multi‐institutional clinical trial (NCT02397317). The aim of the SPARK clinical trial was to measure the geometric and dosimetric cancer targeting accuracy achieved with a real‐time image‐guided radiotherapy technology named KIM for 48 prostate cancer patients treated in 5 treatment sessions. During treatment, real‐time tumor translational and rotational motion were determined from x‐ray images using the KIM technology. A dose reconstruction method was used to evaluate the dose delivered to the target and organs‐at‐risk. Patient‐reported outcomes and toxicity data were monitored up to 2 years after the completion of the treatment.

Data Format and Usage Notes

The dataset contains planning CT images, treatment plans, structure sets, planned and motion‐included dose‐volume histograms, intrafraction kilovoltage, and megavoltage projection images, tumor translational and rotational motion determined by KIM, tumor motion ground truth data, the linear accelerator trajectory traces, and patient treatment outcomes. The dataset is publicly hosted by the University of Sydney eScholarship Repository at https://doi.org/10.25910/qg5d‐6058.

Potential Applications

The 3.6 Tb dataset, with approximately 1 million patient images, could be used for a variety of applications, including the development of real‐time image‐guided methods, adaptation strategies, tumor, and normal tissue control modeling, and prostate‐specific antigen kinetics.
Diagnostic Concordance Between Physiotherapist and Emergency Physicians for Patients With a Musculoskeletal Disorder in the Emergency Department
Authors: Gagnon Rose , Perreault Kadija , Matifat Eveline , Desmeules François , Berthelot Simon , Hébert Luc J.
Published: November 2024

Background

Many patients present to the emergency department (ED) with a musculoskeletal disorder. In consequence, some hospitals have integrated autonomous management of musculoskeletal disorders by physiotherapists after triage. Although potential benefits were demonstrated, few studies have examined the agreement between physiotherapists' and emergency physicians' diagnosis. A better understanding of diagnostic concordance between physiotherapists and emergency physicians could inform the implementation of this care model.

Methods and Findings

Secondary analysis of data obtained through a pilot pragmatic randomised clinical trial. Data from patients presenting a minor musculoskeletal disorder managed by a physiotherapist and an emergency physician were used. Diagnostic concordance was examined using raw agreement and Gwet's first‐order agreement coefficient. Thirty‐six participants were assessed by both professionals (36.8 ± 18.2 years; W: 55.6%). Overall raw agreement was 86.1% and the diagnostic concordance was almost perfect (Gwet's AC1: 0.84, 95% CI: 0.69–0.98). The most common disagreement was when physiotherapists suspected a bone fracture or contusion, whereas emergency physicians diagnosed a ligament or meniscus disorder.

Conclusions

Our results show excellent diagnostic concordance between physiotherapists and emergency physicians, thus supporting the safety of physiotherapy care in the ED. More studies are needed to confirm these results with a larger variety of diagnoses and age strata.
Theoretical Investigation of Dynamic Pile–Soil Interaction in Torsion Considering Continuity of Heterogeneous Soil
Authors: Liu Xin , Tang Liuqing , Wu Wenbing , El Naggar M. Hesham , Zhang Zhiqing , Wang Haiyang , Sun Jun
Published: November 2024

The dynamic response of a torsionally loaded pile embedded in heterogeneous soil is investigated in this paper based on a new theoretical model of the dynamic pile–soil interaction with consideration of the continuity of heterogeneous soil. By conceptualizing the surrounding soil as an elastic continuum with shear modulus following a power law variation along the depth, a new governing equation is established to portray the dynamic torsional deformation of the heterogeneous soil. With coupling of the pile motion under dynamic torque, the theoretical solution of the torsional dynamic impedance of an end‐bearing pile embedded in heterogeneous soil is obtained by employing analytical techniques. Comparative analyses under varied conditions are conducted to authenticate the applicability and superiority of the proposed theoretical model. Parametric studies are performed via extensive arithmetic examples to decipher the mechanism of torsional vibration of the end‐bearing pile in heterogeneous soil. Conclusively, the significant influences of soil heterogeneity along depth on the dynamic response of torsionally loaded piles are identified, and the characteristics of the cut‐off frequency of the dynamic damping are elucidated in detail. The outcomes attained herein can serve to formulate guidelines for design and facilitate the evaluation of pile performance in practical applications.
Cultural Tailoring and Implementation Science for Cardiometabolic Interventions in Asian Americans: A Systematic Review
Authors: Nguyen Angelina P. , Tadano Mamie , Im Brianna Y. , Kim Miyong T. , Nguyen Tam H.
Published: November 2024

Aim

The purpose of this systematic review was to identify key factors that lead to variations in outcome in cardiometabolic interventions among Asian Americans.

Design

Systematic review.

Review Methods and Data Sources

In October 2022, a systematic search was conducted in the following databases: CINAHL, Cochrane, PsycINFO, PubMed and Web of Science. Results of database searches were uploaded to Rayyan for screening of titles, abstracts and full texts. Based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, twelve studies published across seventeen articles between 2002 and 2021 were included in this review. These studies were assessed for bias using the Revised Cochrane Risk of Bias tool.

Results

Cultural tailoring was an element of 91.7% of the studies. More than one‐third of the studies utilized community health workers to build relationships with the communities being studied. Overall, lifestyle interventions targeted for Asian American populations led to improvements in both physical and psychosocial outcomes such as mental health, self‐efficacy, disease knowledge, behavior change and/or quality of life.

Conclusion

This systematic review of interventions targeting cardiometabolic outcomes among Asian American populations reveals many gaps in the existing literature. For one, there is limited research on the association of various sociodemographic variables with participants' success and/or retention in health intervention studies among Asian American populations. Interventions utilizing technology have also been lacking with this population and are a potential tool for improving health outcomes.

Impact and Implications

Diabetes and cardiovascular disease are both ranked in the top five causes of Asian American deaths. The reviewed articles' findings were mixed but suggest that culturally tailored interventions aimed to improve the cardiometabolic health of Asian Americans are generally effective. As we move forward, this body of research serves as a crucial foundation for shaping the future of culturally tailored interventions, guiding nurse researchers to develop more effective strategies for treating and preventing these prevalent and cardiometabolic conditions.

Reporting Method

Completed PRISMA checklist is available upon request.

No Patient or Public Contribution

This systematic review better informs future directions for person‐centred, community‐based and participatory research.
Numerical validation of an innovative 3D calculation method of high‐rise buildings under consideration of component and soil stiffness
Authors: Badr Michael , Müllner Herbert W.
Published: November 2024

At the end of the PORR Bau GmbH research project, which ran from 2015 to 2022 and which provided data on strain and settlement sensors from a total of four high‐rise buildings, an innovative calculation method for three‐dimensional building models was finally developed. This is based on a stiffness combination vector that can be applied independently of the finite element program and the modeling quality of the responsible structural engineer. Furthermore, the bedding modulus for supporting the floor slab is varied within the limits specified by the soil expertise by dividing the floor slab into quadrants.
Reducing the entry barrier for users and developers of peridynamic high performance computing
Authors: Hesse Jan‐Timo , Willberg Christian , Pernatii Anna
Published: November 2024

Over the past two decades, Peridynamics (PD) research has exhibited remarkable diversity, with contributions spanning more than 180 journals and involving over 1000 researchers. Despite its broad applicability, a persistent challenge remains—how to foster widespread adoption. In the engineering domain, classical continuum mechanics, predominantly facilitated by the finite element method, enjoys extensive utilization, supported by a plethora of commercial and open‐source software tools. PD simulation tools often find themselves competing with these well‐established counterparts. In research, custom codes tailored for specific applications are frequently created and applied, with little consideration for their future reuse or third‐party utilization. The complexity is further exacerbated in High‐performance computing (HPC) applications, where a deep understanding of solvers, parallel computing, and PD is imperative for a successful software development. Given the constraints of a typical doctoral thesis, large‐scale problems are often left unexplored, and research tends to be confined to simplistic geometries. This paper aims to elucidate various pathways for the seamless integration and utilization of a PD framework. We will showcase examples that illustrate how the barriers for both users and developers can be significantly lowered, ultimately propelling PD simulation tools to a higher standard of maturity in the medium term.
Robust Dual Crosslinking Ionic Network for High‐Performance Cis‐1, 4‐Polyisoprene Latex/Sodium Alginate Composites
Authors: Guo Liyun , Zhang Haichang , Hua Jing , Liu Jinhui
Published: November 2024

Existing natural rubber latex (NRL) medical gloves are problematic due to protein allergies and poor sweat resistance. Cis‐1,4‐polyisoprene latex (IRL) is an ideal alternative of NRL for free from proteins, while its poor mechanical properties severely restrict the application as medical gloves. Here we proposed a straightforward strategy of latex compounding to incorporate sodium alginate (SA) into IRL. High‐performance IRL/SA composite films with remarkable strength and super hydrophilic properties were achieved benefiting from a dual ionic crosslinking network. The properties and the morphology of the IRL/SA composite latexes and films were investigated. Experimental results revealed that the composite latexes had a stable state, possessed good film‐forming abilities and exhibited outstanding mechanical properties. The sodium alginates were uniformly dispersed throughout the IR matrix. Compared with IRL films, the tensile strength of the IRL/SA (30 phr) composite film increased by 30.7%. Notably, the IRL films exhibited a swelling degree of 0.05%, while IRL/SA (30 phr) composite film increased to 14.5%. Moreover, swelling in PBS buffer solution has little effect on the mechanical properties of the IRL/SA composite films. Thermal oxygen aging test suggested that the tensile strength change rate exhibited a decrease of approximately 30%, closely to that of NRL. The current composite films are well‐suited for high‐end medical applications.
Pediatric Neuroendocrine Tumors in Denmark: Incidence, Management, and Outcome From 1995 to 2020
Authors: Ankerstjerne Mona P. , Giovannoni Sara , Christensen Lene G. , Möller Sören , Holmager Pernille , Knigge Ulrich , Ellebaek Mark B. , Rathe Mathias
Published: November 2024

Background

Neuroendocrine tumors (NETs), although rare, are considered one of the most common gastrointestinal and bronchopulmonary pediatric neoplasms. We aimed to determine the incidence, tumor characteristics, management, and outcome of NETs and explore the role of genetic predisposition, focusing on low and intermediate grade tumors.

Methods

Using the Danish National Pathology Registry, we conducted a nationwide retrospective study including all Danish children aged ≤18 years diagnosed with a pathology‐proven NET between 1995 and 2020.

Results

We identified 220 patients, with a 1.89:1 female to male ratio. The yearly incidence was 6.84 per 1 million children, with no significant change in incidence throughout the observation period. NETs were located in the appendix (93.2%), the pulmonary system (4.5%), and pancreas (2.3%). One recurrence was noted in the pancreas in a genetically predisposed patient with multiple neuroendocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1), resulting in an overall recurrence rate of 0.5% (0% in appendiceal NETs; 0% in bronchopulmonary NETs; 20.0% in pancreatic NETs). No NET‐related mortality was registered. Four patients had a known predisposing genetic condition, one appendiceal NET associated with neurofibromatosis type 1, and three pancreatic NETs associated with MEN1. Postsurgical surveillance regimes, choice of tumor markers, and imaging modality varied throughout the study period.

Conclusions

We confirmed a stable incidence of pediatric NETs during the study period. The overall recurrence rate was 0.5% and no NET‐related mortality was observed. Known genetic predisposition was present in 1.8% of patients. Future guidelines should consider the apparent indolent nature and excellent prognosis of these tumors.
Research progress on laser processing of carbon fiber composite materials
Authors: Zuo Pei , Liu TongFeng , Li Fang , Wang Guoyan , Zhang Kaihu , Li Xin , Han Weina , Tian Hong , Zhu Di
Published: November 2024

Carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) is a high‐performance composite material composed of carbon fibers embedded in a polymer matrix. CFRP is extensively used in various sectors such as aerospace, automotive, sports equipment, and construction due to its advantageous properties. Laser processing offers numerous advantages when working with carbon fiber‐reinforced composites, including its non‐contact nature, precision, efficiency, and controllability. However, disparities between carbon fibers and the polymer matrix can lead to challenges during laser processing, such as delamination, heat‐affected zones, and fiber pullout. Consequently, there is a substantial body of literature focusing on improving the quality and efficiency of laser processing for CFRP materials. This paper provides a comprehensive review of various studies investigating the impact of laser parameters (laser mode, pulse frequency, pulse width, and laser wavelength) on carbon fiber‐reinforced plastics. It discusses how different laser parameters affect the processing quality and performance of these materials. Additionally, drawing from recent research findings, the paper explores potential future trends in laser processing for carbon fiber‐reinforced plastics.

Highlights

The application of laser technology in CFRP, including laser cutting, drilling, welding, and surface treatment, has been extensively researched.

A detailed discussion is held regarding the impact of laser mode, wavelength, frequency, and pulse width on the quality of machining.

More auxiliary processing has evolved in CFRP manufacturing due to the ongoing advancements in laser technology.

The goals of laser processing CFRP technology are increasingly focused on reducing carbon emissions, enhancing energy efficiency, and minimizing waste.
Analysis on the effect of sodium hydroxide treatment and graphene nano‐particle reinforcement on the shear behavior and modal analysis of glass fibre reinforced polymer flat‐joggle‐flat composite joints
Authors: Hiremath Vinayak S. , Reddy D. Mallikarjuna , Palaniappan Sathish Kumar , Mutra Rajsekhara Reddy , Siengchin Suchart , Venkatachalam Gopalan
Published: November 2024

The use of composite materials, particularly glass fiber‐reinforced polymers (GFRP), has considerably increased. The present investigation seeks to ascertain how sodium hydroxide (NaOH) treatments and the incorporation of graphene nano‐particulates (GNP) in GFRP flat‐joggle‐flat (FJF) composite joints. The experiments demonstrated that surface treatment with 0.1 N NaOH and the addition of 0.25, 0.50, and 0.75 wt% GNP reinforcement to the resin considerably enhanced the shear behavior of the FJF joints by 5.48%, 16.04%, and 32.77%, respectively, as compared to plain GFRP specimens, due to the improved chemical bonding and excellent IR radiation retention. 0.2 N NaOH treated with the same GNP concentrations lowered the shear strength compared to 0.1 N NaOH due to the linear reduction in fiber size. Field emission scanning electron microscopy gives a clear failure analysis of the FJF joint specimens. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy investigation determines the chemical structure of GFRP materials based on distinctive peak intensities in the infrared range and different functional groups contained in the composite materials. Atomic force microscopy testing was done to evaluate the surface textures. The vibration analysis firm that the FJF joint having 0.1 N NaOH with 0.75 wt% of graphene had the highest natural frequency.

Highlights

The effect of NaOH treatment and graphene influence on FJF joints.

Shear analysis of the FJF composite joints.

FTIR and AFM techniques were adopted to analyze the surface properties.

Modal analysis is used to evaluate the natural frequencies.
Impact of Regulatory Risk Communication on Thrombosis With Thrombocytopenia Syndrome for COVID‐19 Adenovirus Vector Vaccines on European Healthcare Professionals
Authors: van Vliet Ella , Lipovec Nanča Čebron , van der Goot Marloes , Abtahi Shahab , Ribeiro ‐Vaz Inês , Poplavska Elita , Dermiki‐Gkana Foteini , Oikonomou Chara , Deligianni Elena , Kontogiorgis Christos , Silva Ana Marta , Ferreira Paula Barão Sousa , Kos Mitja , Almarsdóttir Anna Birna , Jacobsen Ramune , Buhl Caroline , de Bruijn Adrie , Hegger Ingrid , Alves Teresa Leonardo
Published: November 2024

Purpose

The European Medicines Agency (EMA) issued regulatory actions and communications in 2021 on thrombosis with thrombocytopenia syndrome (TTS) associated with adenovirus vector vaccines Vaxzevria or Jcovden. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of these actions on awareness, knowledge and implementation in practises of healthcare professionals (HCP).

Methods

Web‐based cross‐sectional surveys were conducted on HCPs engaged in the vaccination, monitoring or counselling about the vaccines. We measured awareness and knowledge of the risk of TTS and their implementation of recommendations in practise. Descriptive and qualitative analyses were conducted. This study took place in Greece, Latvia, Netherlands, Portugal and Slovenia.

Results

We surveyed 1659 HCPs. From these, 914 were included in the analysis. Most were aware about the reports of TTS associated with COVID‐19 adenovirus vector vaccines, with countries reporting percentages between 85% and 97%. Mainstream media, health authorities and peers were the main sources of TTS risk information. Most HCPs were able to identify key symptoms from TTS but were less familiar with minor symptoms. Guidelines from health authorities on COVID‐19 vaccination impacted on professional practise of 55%–77% of HCPs. The reported use of product information across countries was moderate, with some variations.

Conclusions

Awareness about and knowledge of TTS risk from COVID‐19 adenoviral vector vaccines were high among HCPs. HCPs reported a clear preference for national guidelines as source of risk information and the implementation of product information remained moderate across countries.
What does the seawater desalination industry need from polymer scientists?
Authors: Fellows Christopher M
Published: November 2024

The seawater desalination industry does not need exotic two‐dimensional materials. However, it faces challenges in terms of membrane resilience to stressors such as temperature and oxidation and especially in the area of (bio)fouling. Membrane replacement is a large part of the operating expenditure of modern desalination plants and anything that increases the effective lifespan of a membrane will have economic impact. There are also emerging requirements for membrane selectivity, especially in desalination‐adjacent brine‐valorisation activities. These challenges provide abundant scope for the exercise of creativity by polymer scientists. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
Out of area placements for people with “Personality Disorder”: Making the case for a local intensive psychotherapeutic alternative
Authors: Mizen Susan , Jones Vanessa , Howson Susan
Published: November 2024

Objectives

The use of Out of Area (OoA) psychiatric placements for people with “Personality Disorder” (PD) is widespread in the UK. An innovative local intensive psychotherapeutic service, adapted to the transdiagnostic presentations of the most complex PD patients, likely to be placed out of the area, was devised in the English County of Devon. This paper reports the findings of a Freedom of Information (FOI) request to commissioners attempting to quantify PD OoA placements in England and the cost offset of the local therapeutic alternative to OoA placements in Devon.

Design and Methods

Data from FOI requests was combined with publicly available sources to assess the scale of OoA placements for people with PD in England. OoA service use and cost data were used to examine the cost offset and effectiveness of the local alternative to OoA placements in Devon.

The results found a lack of transparency and excessive use of OoA placements despite UK Government intentions. Data from the local therapeutic service demonstrated cost‐effectiveness, reducing OoA placements and increasing the availability of psychotherapeutic services.

This paper suggests the number of OoA placements can be reduced for people with severe and complex PD. The local therapeutic service provides a model for future rehabilitation pathways.
Evidence‐based safety profile of oral ketorolac in adults: Systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Esparza‐Villalpando Vicente , Ortiz‐Barroso Gladys , Masuoka‐Ito David
Published: November 2024

The primary objective of the present review was to report the safety profile of oral ketorolac in adults using the systematic review and meta‐analysis methodology based on clinical trials. The present study is a PRISMA‐based systematic review and risk ratio (RR) meta‐analysis of the adverse events reported in clinical trials that used oral ketorolac; the review includes 50 clinical trials. The RR for the comparison of a single intake of oral ketorolac versus placebo, including all types of adverse events, was RR = 2.59, IC95% (1.5102; 4.4360) with p = 0.02, the RR for the comparison of a multiple intakes of oral ketorolac versus placebo for all types of adverse events was RR = 1.39, IC95% (0.95; 2.05) with p = 0.093, the RR for the comparison of a single intake of oral ketorolac versus active drugs for all types of adverse events was RR = 0.61, IC95% (0.49; 0.77) with p < 0.0001, the RR for the comparison of multiple intakes of oral ketorolac versus active drugs for all types of adverse events was RR = 0.78, IC95%(0.65; 0.93) with p = 0.006. Multiple intakes of 5, 10, or 20 mg of oral ketorolac, in treatment over 1–10 days, do not increase the risk of adverse events compared to placebo and show a tendency to reduce the risk of adverse events compared to active drugs. When a single intake of ketorolac (5, 10, 20, or 30 mg) is compared to a placebo, the risk increases only for trivial and mild adverse events.
Exploring key safety terminology through simulation: Definitions and practical insights
Authors: Badrnoebashar Helaleh , Klose Anselm , Lorenz Julius , Urbas Leon
Published: November 2024

Designing the process control of a system is a complex task that often involves different people. A uniform understanding of the terminology is necessary for the successful, resource‐saving implementation of the design. Therefore, this research aims at the definition and clarification of the key safety‐related concepts, including robustness, flexibility, sensitivity, fault tolerance, resilience, and nonfragile control. We first examine the definitions in academic literature and then analyze their differences. We utilize process engineering simulation examples to provide an in‐depth understanding of these distinctions. The significance of identifying and understanding the differences between these terms stems from their capacity to facilitate professional communication. Moreover, it makes it easier to deal with potential problems that might arise in real‐world scenarios.
Bayesian reliability acceptance sampling plan with optional warranty under hybrid censoring
Authors: Das Rathin , Pradhan Biswabrata
Published: November 2024

This work considers the design of a Bayesian reliability acceptance sampling plan (RASP) under a hybrid censored life test for the products sold under an optional warranty. The consumer and manufacturer agree on a common lifetime distribution of the product. However, they differ in the assessment of the prior distributions because of the adversarial nature of the consumer and manufacturer. The consumer takes a decision based on his/her utility and prior belief without a warranty offer by the manufacturer. If the decision is rejection, the manufacturer provides warranty offer to the consumer. If the consumer rejects the lot with a warranty, the manufacturer conducts a life test under the hybrid censoring scheme (HCS) and provides lifetime information to the consumer. The consumer updates his/her belief based on lifetime information provided by the manufacturer. The consumer then takes a decision of acceptance or rejection of the lot based on updated beliefs. The task of the manufacturer is to determine the optimal life testing plan.
Multi‐Objective Safety‐Enhanced Path Planning for the Anterior Part of a Flexible Ureteroscope in Robot‐Assisted Surgery
Authors: Zhang Chongan , Fu Zuoming , Liu Xiaoyue , Ding Guoqing , Qin Liping , Wang Peng , Zhang Hong , Ye Xuesong
Published: November 2024

Background

In robot‐assisted flexible ureteroscopy, planning a safety‐enhanced path facilitates ureteroscope reaching the target safely and quickly. However, current methods rarely consider the safety impact caused by body motion of the anterior part, such as impingement on the lumen wall and sweeping motion risk, or the method can only be used in collision‐free situations.

Methods

The kinematic model of the anterior part under C‐shaped and S‐shaped collision bending is first analysed. Considering the newly defined impingement cost and sweeping area, the differential evolution algorithm is adopted to optimise the path in the configuration space. Experiments were performed to verify the effectiveness of the method.

Results

Compared with the competing algorithm, the proposed algorithm reduced impingement cost and sweeping area by an average of 31.0% and 8.64%. Force measurement experiments verified the rationality of the impingement cost expression.

Conclusion

The experimental results proved the feasibility of the proposed path planning algorithm.
Industry peers stock liquidity and M&A
Authors: Dunham Lee M. , Obonyo Tirimba
Published: November 2024

This study examines the impact of mergers and acquisitions on the liquidity of shares of industry peers of the target firm. The results document, on average, an improvement in the liquidity of industry peer firms' shares: bid‐ask spreads of industry peers decline, the Amihud illiquidity measure declines, and their trading volumes increase around the merger announcement relative to a control sample. Industry peers of the target firm experience significant cumulative abnormal returns (CARs) that are increasing with the improvement in liquidity of the firms' shares. Our findings are consistent with the notion that the publicity and attention around the announcement of an acquisition involving a close industry peer results in benefits arising from increased liquidity of shares and offers a possible explanation for the positive CARs experienced by industry peers of the target firm around merger announcements.
Fluorescent “Switch‐off” Sensor for the Detection of Uric acid Using Europium‐2,6 Pyridine Dicarboxylic Acid Lanthanide Complex
Authors: Abraham Merin K. , Rajesh Amritha M. , Madanan Anju S. , Varghese Susan , Shkhair Ali Ibrahim , Indongo Geneva , Rajeevan Greeshma , K Arathy B. , George Sony
Published: November 2024

In this study, we have developed a europium‐DPA lanthanide complex for the sensitive detection of uric acid. Since, uric acid plays a major role as a biomarker for kidney related diseases and metabolic diseases. Its detection is of high clinical significance. Our probe exhibits a bright red fluorescence with an emission at 613 nm, which is subsequently quenched by the addition of uric acid in a linear range of 0–16.39 µM with a low LOD of 7.54 µM. The probe shows good selectivity and sensitivity towards the detection of uric acid in the presence of coexisting biomarkers and ions present in body fluid. The clinical significance is evaluated in biological samples such as human serum and urine with satisfactory recovery percentage in the range of 86%–104%, respectively. Moreover, the practical applicability is studied in a paper strip model.
Incredible Indolinedione Derivatives Nucleus in the Development of Anti‐Diabetic Drugs: Exploring the Mechanistic Studies, Design, and Structure‐Activity Relationship
Authors: Khanna Aanchal , Jyoti  , Kumar Nitish , Singh Karanvir , Sharma Anchal , Rana Rupali , Kaur Rubaldeep , Singh Jatindervir , Gulati Harmandeep Kaur , Bedi Preet Mohinder Singh
Published: November 2024

Diabetes mellitus, a prevalent metabolic disorder, necessitates continuous exploration for innovative therapeutic agents. Indolinedione has garnered attention for its potential as an antidiabetic scaffold for its structurally diverse nucleus. The search for novel and effective antidiabetic agents has led to the exploration of natural compounds and synthetic derivatives. The review commences with an in‐depth exploration of the biochemical underpinnings of diabetes mellitus, emphasizing rational design strategies employed for modifying the indolinedione nucleus, encompassing various synthetic methodologies aimed at enhancing its pharmacological properties and docking studies. The multifaceted pharmacological properties and diverse synthetic derivatives of indolinedione offer a fertile ground for further exploration in preclinical and clinical studies. As research in this field progresses, indolinedione may emerge as a valuable addition to the arsenal of antidiabetic therapeutics, providing new avenues for the effective management of diabetes mellitus.
Urban Environmental Threat Moderates the Relationship Between Depression and Insulin Resistance Among Latinxs With Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Matlock Kevin A. , Albright‐Pierce Maggie R. , Bermúdez‐Millán Angela , Pérez‐Escamilla Rafael , Segura‐Pérez Sofia , Wagner Julie
Published: November 2024

As the largest minoritised ethnic group in the United States, Latinxs face a greater risk for type 2 diabetes and depression. The aim of the present study was to explore whether the relationship between depressive symptoms and insulin resistance among Latinxs with type 2 diabetes was moderated by toxic stressors arising from urban environmental threat (i.e., uncomfortable or unsafe aspects of city life). A community sample of Latinx adults with type 2 diabetes (n = 121) was recruited from Hartford, Connecticut. Participants self‐reported depressive symptoms and exposure to urban environmental threat using items from the Patient Health Questionnaire and Urban Hassles Index, respectively. Insulin and glucose levels assessed via fasting blood draw were used to calculate insulin resistance using the HOMA‐IR formula. After controlling for demographic, financial and health‐related factors, results from a regression analysis revealed a significant interaction between depressive symptoms and urban environmental threat; more severe symptoms of depression predicted greater insulin resistance, but only amongst those with frequent exposure to urban environmental threats. Findings from the current study suggest that improving urban living conditions may offer an alternate avenue for attenuating the deleterious impacts of depression on type 2 diabetes progression in Latinxs.
Confined Magnetization at the Sublattice‐Matched Ruthenium Oxide Heterointerface
Authors: Fan Yiyan , Zhang Qinghua , Lin Ting , Bai He , Huo Chuanrui , Jin Qiao , Deng Tielong , Choi Songhee , Chen Shengru , Hong Haitao , Cui Ting , Wang Qianying , Rong Dongke , Liu Chen , Ge Chen , Zhu Tao , Gu Lin , Jin Kuijuan , Chen Jun , Guo Er‐Jia
Published: November 2024

Creating a heterostructure by combining two magnetically and structurally distinct ruthenium oxides is a crucial approach for investigating their emergent magnetic states and interactions. Previously, research has predominantly concentrated on the intrinsic properties of the ferromagnet SrRuO3 and recently discovered altermagnet RuO2 solely. Here, the study engineers an ultrasharp sublattice‐matched heterointerface using pseudo‐cubic SrRuO3 and rutile RuO2, conducting an in‐depth analysis of their spin interactions. Structurally, to accommodate the lattice symmetry mismatch, the inverted RuO2 layer undergoes an in‐plane rotation of 18 degrees during epitaxial growth on SrRuO3 layer, resulting in an interesting and rotational interface with perfect crystallinity and negligible chemical intermixing. Performance‐wise, the interfacial layer of 6 nm in RuO2 adjacent to SrRuO3 exhibits a nonzero magnetic moment, contributing to an enhanced anomalous Hall effect (AHE) at low temperatures. Furthermore, the observations indicate that in contrast to SrRuO3 single layers, the AHE of [(RuO2)15/(SrRuO3)n] heterostructures show nonlinear behavior and reaches its maximum when the SrRuO3 thickness reaches tens of nm. These results suggest that the interfacial magnetic interaction surpasses that of all‐perovskite oxides (≈5‐unit cells). This study underscores the significance and potential applications of magnetic interactions based on the crystallographic asymmetric interfaces in the design of spintronic devices.
Nanostructure and Photovoltaic Potential of Plasmonic Nanofibrous Active Layers
Authors: Schofield Ryan M. , Maciejewska Barbara M. , Elmestekawy Karim A. , Woolley Jack M. , Tebbutt George. T. , Danaie Mohsen , Allen Christopher S. , Herz Laura M. , Assender Hazel E. , Grobert Nicole
Published: November 2024

Nanofibrous active layers offer hierarchical control over molecular structure, and the size and distribution of electron donor:acceptor domains, beyond conventional organic photovoltaic architectures. This structure is created by forming donor pathways via electrospinning nanofibers of semiconducting polymer, then infiltrating with an electron acceptor. Electrospinning induces chain and crystallite alignment, resulting in enhanced light‐harvesting and charge transport. Here, the charge transport capabilities are predicted, and charge separation and dynamics are evaluated in these active layers, to assess their photovoltaic potential. Through X‐ray and electron diffraction, the fiber nanostructure is elucidated, with uniaxial elongation of the electrospinning jet aligning the polymer backbones within crystallites orthogonal to the fiber axis, and amorphous chains parallel. It is revealed that this structure forms when anisotropic crystallites, pre‐assembled in solution, become oriented along the fiber– a configuration with high charge transport potential. Competitive dissociation of excitons formed in the photoactive nanofibers is recorded, with 95%+ photoluminescence quenching upon electron acceptor introduction. Transient absorption studies reveal that silver nanoparticle addition to the fibers improves charge generation and/or lifetimes. 1 ns post‐excitation, the plasmonic architecture contains 45% more polarons, per exciton formed, than the bulk heterojunction. Therefore, enhanced exciton populations may be successfully translated into additional charge carriers.
Oxygen Vacancy Engineering of TiNb2O7 Modified PE Separator Toward Dendrite‐Free Lithium Metal Battery
Authors: Tang Wenhao , Deng Yirui , Xing Zhiwei , Zhang Xin , Zhou Taotao , Hou Lianlong , Zhao Dalei , Liu Ruiping
Published: November 2024

Lithium metal battery with high specific energy and high safety is crucial for the next‐generation energy storage technologies. However, the poor thermal stability, lower mechanical performance, and poor electrochemical performance of the commercially available polyethylene (PE) separator hinders the development of high‐specific lithium metal batteries. Herein, a functional PE separator is prepared by innovative coating the TiNb2O7 microspheres with oxygen vacancies on the surface of PE (denoted as TNO−x‐PE). The porosity, contact angle, electrolyte uptake rate, thermal shrinkage rate, mechanical properties, conductivity as well as lithium ions transference number of the TNO−x modified PE separator are all improved. The favorable TNO−x is beneficial for facilitating fast Li+ migration and impeding anions transfer, guiding the uniform distribution of lithium‐ion flux. Consequently, the lithium symmetric cells with TNO−x‐PE separator can be stably cycled more than 1600 h at 1 mA cm−2, and the initial capacity of the LFP/Li cells with TNO−x‐PE separator is as high as 139.8 mAh g−1, and after 500 cycles, the capacity retention rate is still 99.5%. This work may provide a new idea to construct a multi‐functional separator with high safety and superior electrochemical performance and promote the development of LMBs.