bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Nuevos datos sobre algunas especies de Hemeróbidos de la península Ibérica e islas Canarias, incluyendo una nueva especie invasora de origen neotropical en Portugal (Insecta, Neuroptera, Hemerobiidae)
Authors: Monserrat V. J. , Triviño V. , Acevedo F. , Garcia A.
Published: January 2014

Se anotan nuevos datos sobre la distribución, biología y fenología de 25 especies de hemeróbidos (Insecta, Neuroptera: Hemerobiidae) de las Faunas Ibérica y Canaria.
La especie Hemerobius bolivari Banks, 1910, ampliamente distribuida por la Región Neotropical, se cita por primera vez de Europa como una nueva especie invasora, a partir de ejemplares recolectados en colonias de Thaumastocoris peregrinus Carpintero y Dellapé, 2006 (Hemiptera: Thaumastocoridae:) sobre Eucalyptus en Lisboa (Portugal). Esta especie, junto a Sympherobius gayi Navás, 1910, también originaria de Sudamérica, es la segunda especie invasora de origen neotropical que de esta familia se cita en la Península Ibérica, en este caso también de Portugal. Se mencionan varias especies que han sido muy escasamente citadas en la Península Ibérica, y entre ellas destaca Wesmaelius ravus (Withycombe, 1923), que se cita por segunda vez en la Península Ibérica, en este caso de Sierra Nevada (Granada).
A partir de muestreos realizados en el sur de España (Málaga, Granada), se desprende actividad en los imagos de Micromus angulatus (Stephens, 1836) en los meses de invierno (a lo largo de todo el año en la Península Ibérica, incluyendo esta zona ibérica), y estos datos también parecen corroborar su vinculación con la vegetación arvense.
Caracterización taxonómica, distribución y primeros registros europeos de Apalus cinctus (Pic, 1896) (Coleoptera, Meloidae)
Authors: Ruiz J. L. , Bahillo P. , López-Colón J. I. , Bercedo P. , Arnáiz L. , García-París M.
Published: January 2014

En este estudio se clarifica el estatus taxonómico y la distribución geográfica de Apalus cinctus (Pic, 1896), especie mediterránea que se integra en el grupo de Apalus bimaculatus (Linnaeus, 1760). Apalus cinctus sólo se conocía por su descripción original a partir de algunas localidades norteafricanas y se consideraba como un taxon con estatus taxonómico incierto. El examen de fotografías detalladas del tipo de Apalus cinctus y el estudio de nuevo material capturado recientemente nos permite discutir su posición taxonómica y definir sus caracteres diagnósticos, validando su estatus específico. La captura u observación de ejemplares asignables a Apalus cinctus en España continental (León, Zamora y Huesca), amplía considerablemente la distribución de la especie y permite incluirla dentro de la Fauna Europea. Se cuestiona la presencia de Apalus bimaculatus en la Península Ibérica y en el Norte de África, donde posiblemente sea reemplazada por A. cinctus.
Catálogo de los Halictini Halictus Latreille, 1804 y Lasioglossum Curtis, 1833 (Hymenoptera, Apoidea, Halictidae) de la Península Ibérica y de las islas Canarias
Authors: Ornosa C. , López-Goñi M. , Torres F. , Romero D.
Published: January 2014

En este catálogo se presenta un inventario actualizado de las especies de Halictini de los géneros Halictus Latreille, 1804 y Lasioglossum Curtis, 1833 de la Península Ibérica y de las Islas Canarias. Contiene 143 especies y 161 subespecies: 126 de las especies se conocen en la fauna ibérica y 17 en las Islas Canarias y, de estas, 6 especies y 17 subespecies son endémicas, de un total de 29 subespecies presentes en las islas; 9 de las especies canarias, son comunes a ambos territorios. De todos los taxones, además de la correspondiente discusión, si procede, se incluye su lista sinonímica y su distribución geográfica (Tablas 1, 2, 3 y 4). En algunas especies, se han incluido registros recientes que pueden resultar de interés.
Dorvilleidos (Polychaeta, Dorvilleidae) recolectados durante el proyecto “Fauna Ibérica” y catálogo de las especies íbero-baleares
Authors: Núñez J. , Maggio Y. , Riera R.
Published: January 2014

Se elabora un listado de las especies de dorvilleidos (Eunicida, Dorvilleidae) a partir de muestras recogidas durante las campañas oceanográficas “Fauna Ibérica II, III y IV” que agrupa un total de 6 géneros y 9 especies. A partir del material estudiado, se cita por primera vez para el litoral de la península Ibérica la especie comensal de crustáceos: Iphitime paguri Fage & Legendre, 1934. También se incluye un catálogo actualizado de los dorvilleidos conocidos para el ámbito íbero-balear, compuesto por 7 géneros y 22 especies. Por último, se presenta un apéndice con datos abióticos para cada estación: localidad, coordenadas, profundidad y tipo de sustrato.
Text Mining in Bioinformatics
Authors: Qi Yanliang
Published: January 2014

Biomedical literatures have been increased at the exponential rate. To find the useful and needed information from such a huge data set is a daunting task for users. Text mining is a powerful tool to solve this problem. In this paper, we surveyed on text mining in Bioinformatics with emphasis on applications of text mining for bioinformatics. In this paper, the main research directions of text mining in bioinformatics are accompanied with detailed examples. This paper suited the need for the state-of-the-art of the field of text mining in Bioinformatics because of the rapid development in both text mining and bioinformatics. Finally, the problems and future way are identified at last.
Analysis of Textual Data Based on Inductive Learning Techniques
Authors: Sakurai Shigeaki
Published: January 2014

This paper introduces knowledge discovery methods based on inductive learning techniques from textual data. The author argues three methods extracting features of the textual data. First one activates a key concept dictionary, second one does a key phrase pattern dictionary, and third one does a named entity extractor. These features are used in order to generate rules representing relationships between the features and text classes. The rules are described in the format of a fuzzy decision tree. Also, these features are used in order to acquire a classification model based on SVM (Support Vector Machine). The model can classify new textual data into the text classes with high classification accuracy. Lastly, this paper introduces two application tasks based on these methods and verifies the effect of the methods.
Efficiently Producing the K Nearest Neighbors in the Skyline on Vertically Partitioned Tables
Authors: Goncalves Marlene , Vidal Maria-Esther
Published: January 2014

Criteria that induce a Skyline naturally represent user's preference conditions useful to discard irrelevant data in large datasets. However, in the presence of high-dimensional Skyline spaces, the size of the Skyline can still be very large, making unfeasible for users to process this set of points. To identify the best points among the Skyline, the Top-k Skyline approach has been proposed. Top-k Skyline uses discriminatory criteria to induce a total order of the points that comprise the Skyline, and recognizes the best or top-k points based on these criteria. In this article the authors model queries as multi-dimensional points that represent bounds of VPT (Vertically Partitioned Table) property values, and datasets as sets of multi-dimensional points; the problem is to locate the k best tuples in the dataset whose distance to the query is minimized. A tuple is among the k best tuples whenever there is not another tuple that is better in all dimensions, and that is closer to the query point, i.e., the k best tuples correspond to the k nearest points to the query that are incomparable or belong to the skyline. The authors name these tuples the k nearest neighbors in the skyline. The authors propose a hybrid approach that combines Skyline and Top-k solutions and develop two algorithms: TKSI and k-NNSkyline. The proposed algorithms identify among the skyline tuples, the k ones with the lowest values of the distance metric, i.e., the k nearest neighbors to the multi-dimensional query that are incomparable. Empirically, we study the performance and quality of TKSI and k-NNSkyline. The authors’ experimental results show the TKSI is able to speed up the computation of the Top-k Skyline in at least 50% percent with respect to the state-of-the-art solutions, whenever k is smaller than the size of the Skyline. Additionally, the authors’ results suggest that k-NNSkyline outperforms existing solutions by up to three orders of magnitude.
Aspects of the Integration of Games into Educational Processes
Authors: Caponetto Ilaria , Earp Jeffrey , Ott Michela
Published: January 2014

This paper presents the results of a literature search and review focused on the integration of digital games into educational processes, specifically in primary schools. It briefly analyses around 78 papers reporting research carried out in a range of different countries and with a variety of educational objectives. The study confirms the increasing wealth of scientific studies dealing with game based learning and its implementation in formal educational contexts. This also holds true for primary education, which is at the core of this study. The review reveals that in this sector there is a predominance of papers that could be classified as theoretical or as position papers; only 78 out of more than 700 published papers surveyed actually reported concrete school experiences of any kind. Detailed analysis of this sub-group has highlighted some clues that may prove useful for interpreting the data as a whole and for reflecting on the current and future trends that they may indicate.
Cloud Computing Enabled Virtual Learning Environment
Authors: Jena Rabindra Ku
Published: January 2014

Recent advances in Information and Communication Technology (ICT) provide an opportunity to build a self growing and sharing virtual environment for teaching and learning. Cloud computing is one of the latest technological advancement in ICT domain. Cloud computing technologies have changed the way applications are developed and accessed. A Virtual Learning Environment (VLE) is a system for delivering learning materials to students via the web. Cloud computing is provides one of the most emerging cost effective solution for virtual learning and teaching environment. This paper discusses how cloud computing has been contributing to virtual learning environment and an overview of the current state of the structure of Cloud Computing based e-learning is discussed. The readers will also find a brief overview of cloud computing and the different efficient cloud based virtual learning models. Towards the end different offers from different cloud vendors are discussed.
On e-Textbooks Quality Model and Evaluation Methodology
Authors: Kurilovas Eugenijus , Serikoviene Silvija
Published: January 2014

The paper aims to analyse and propose e-textbooks and other learning objects (LOs) quality evaluation methodology, i.e., quality model, and simple and effective expert evaluation methods, thus improving solution of educational tasks using informatics engineering methods. Qualitative learning material is one of the main factors of learning quality. Therefore, evaluation of e-textbooks and other LOs quality is one of the most relevant education problems. The problem is relevant for all participants of the educational sector – for educational institutions (e.g. schools) that have to select qualitative learning material for their needs, for education policy makers who need clear quality criteria while implementing e-textbooks and other LOs tenders, for authors of learning material (e.g. publishers) who need to know quality requirements to create e-textbooks and other LOs etc. It is obvious that some e-textbooks and other LOs could be very qualitative against some quality criteria, and the others – against the other criteria, and vice versa. Therefore, e-textbooks and other LOs quality evaluation is a typical case where one should apply multiple criteria decision analysis (MCDA) theory. In the work, MCDA principles are applied to create an objective rank of LOs alternatives according to their quality, and to evaluate each alternative’s quality against ”ideal” quality. In the work, e-textbooks and other LOs reusability and quality criteria system (i.e. model) is presented, as well as created expert quality evaluation method based on fuzzy numbers theory.
Content-Based Web Watermarking
Authors: Mir Nighat
Published: January 2014

With the increasing growth in internet use, information has turned into e-information and provides a greater freedom for information sharing. This also brings a greater need for information security by protecting copyrights of online authors. A novel tamper proof web watermarking technique has been proposed in this paper that uses the textual features of different languages. Initially three different languages (English, Urdu and Arabic) have been used in this research for testing and verification, however this idea can be extended to other languages. Watermarks are generated based on language features and further secured by encryption using advanced encryption standard algorithm to ensure another layer of security. Encrypted watermarks have been embedded into HTML page utilizing the structural aspects of markup language. Experimental results have shown that copied information can be recognized by using the proposed system even after modification attacks without requiring the disclosure of watermark information.
Support for Collaborative Building of a Railway Technical Solution during Tendering
Authors: Penciuc Diana , Abel Marie-Hélène , Van Den Abeele Didier
Published: January 2014

As systems become more and more complex, more complex processes, organization and division of work are needed to achieve their conception and realization. The growing difficulty consists in the number and distribution of collaborators in disparate regions on the globe, the multifaceted communities that need to be coordinated in order to assure integration and coherence of their work. It is also the case of building railway technical solutions. The heterogeneity of customer market adds a supplementary challenge: adapt the solution to the customer background, context and real needs. In this context the authors propose a workspace to support collaboration when building customer technical solutions. The authors think that adequate collaboration support needs to be provided for each community and that a common backbone is needed between these communities to assure integration and coherence of their work. This paper gives a model and implementation of a dedicated workspace that can handle collaboration during complex processes like the construction of a railway technical solution.
Applying Supervised Clustering to Landsat MSS Images into GIS-Application
Authors: Torres Miguel , Moreno-Ibarra Marco , Quintero Rolando , Guzmán Giovanni
Published: January 2014

In this paper, the authors describe and implement an algorithm to perform a supervised classification into Landsat MSS satellite images. The Maximum Likelihood Classification method is used to generate raster digital thematic maps by means of a supervised clustering. The clustering method has been proved in Landsat MSS images of different regions of Mexico to detect several training data related to the geographic environment. The algorithm has been integrated into Spatial Analyzer Module to improve the decision making model and the spatial analysis into GIS-applications.
Temporal and Contextual Evaluation of Background Knowledge Discovery for Short Text Classification
Authors: Taksa Isak , Zelikovitz Sarah , Spink Amanda
Published: January 2014

Background Knowledge (BK) plays an essential role in machine learning for short-text and non-topical classification. In this paper the authors present and evaluate two Information Retrieval techniques used to assemble four sets of BK in the past seven years. These sets were applied to classify a commercial corpus of search queries by the apparent age of the user. Temporal and contextual evaluations were used to examine results of various classification scenarios providing insight into choice, significance and range of tuning parameters. The evaluations also demonstrated the impact of the dynamic Web collection on classification results, and the advantages of Automatic Query Expansion (AQE) vs. basic search. The authors discuss other results of this research and its implications on the advancement of short text classification.
Ethics and Natural Resources Management
Authors: Coelho Manuel Pacheco , Filipe José António , Ferreira Manuel Alberto M.
Published: January 2014

This paper proposals are: first, to show how the utilization of common resources can carry important ethical problems; second (and mainly), to stress that the many attempts to solve tragedies in fisheries, by creating interesting projects in aquaculture, are confronted with many obstacles and barriers in the approval process. These obstructions conduct to inefficiencies and carry out also important ethical problems. The Portuguese aquaculture case is used to develop an empirical study on the emergence of an “anticommons tragedy”. The control regime of Common Fisheries Policy is discussed.
About Space-Time and More
Authors: Ciulin Dan
Published: January 2014

Intuitively, one can think that the time may be assimilated with the space. One of the big differences between the time and the space is the fact that actually travels into the past and/or future are only possible on movies. In science, Newton had introduced the notion of an absolute and universal time but Einstein told us that time is relative, is strongly connected with the space and depends on the observing point. In the theory of relativity, the gravitational field is assimilated with the ‘space curvature’ and has as independent variable the ‘space-time’. To make a mathematical separation between the time and space, imaginary time had been considered. As living creatures must conceive mentally their future actions in space, may one consider this ‘imaginary time’ as a kind of ‘mirror of these future actions’? The paper presents mathematical models for 1D to more than 3D space based mainly on trigonometric, hyperbolic, elliptic and ultra-elliptic functions. All these functions have only the ‘complex time’ as independent variable. They may represent a transformation (of the space for example) during a given time interval and/or equivalently, the ‘dynamic of this transformation’. The time interval for a given transformation depends evidently on the used technology (then its ‘speed’) and as results, some locally parameters of the space (and/or objects) may be modified. The time may then be considered as equivalent to the ‘order’ in which a given transformation is realized. As application, extension of the bandwidth compression loop for 3D system may allow to a locally modification of some parameters of the objects and/or of the local gravitational field. Associated with a good and convenient technology, all these are of strategic importance. Applications may be found in strategic forecast, interplanetary telecommunications and treks. The presented tools may be used for modeling the fields and also insure their more comprehensive understanding.
On-Demand Online Real Estate Information System
Authors: Cherif Emna
Published: January 2014

Internet is helping change the structure of the residential real estate industry by offering new services in the system aiming to enhance the facilities provided to the user. This would enhance the demand chain management. The first purpose of this paper is to illustrate these changes by specifying the functional components of the demand chain management system for online real estate. The author uses a formal specification language to model the interaction between the online real estate management system, the new entities and the other actors. The proposed online real estate management system includes advanced modules that can be bundled together, creating differentiation and enhancing the value chain. The second objective is to propose a simplified implementation architecture for an integrated demand and supply chain management system for online real estate services. The author chose an open source Customer Relationship Management system as a platform to manage some of the online real estate modules. Other value-added modules are integrated from third-party providers using their open interfaces.
Looking at IT and Business Alignment from the Stone Age of Information Technology
Authors: Haq Hammad , Howard Caroline , Hargiss Kathleen M.
Published: January 2014

This article uses seminal and contemporary literature from 1980s till 2012. It captures issues of processes, alignment and trails patches of the issues for every tri-decade. Tri-decade analysis will be organized by researching issues from beginning of a decade, moving along to mid-decade leading towards the closing of a decade. This approach will be done for three decades in a similar manner. After the collection of issues, the issues will be analyzed and put in prospective for practitioner and researchers to consider an implementation or continue research to build on the topics. Furthermore, the article will touch on why alignment still hasn’t concurred with Business and IT, and a prospective solution will be presented with a framework solution, with a further research section.
Abundance and stability are species traits for four chewing lice (Phthiraptera: Menoponidae, Philopteridae) on feral pigeons,Columba livia(Aves: Columbiformes: Columbidae)
Authors: Galloway Terry D. , Lamb Robert J.
Published: January 2014

Population parameters of ectoparasites on feral pigeons,Columba liviaGmelin (Aves: Columbiformes: Columbidae), were estimated from 1995–2012 in southern Manitoba, Canada. The ectoparasites are chewing lice (Phthiraptera): Philopteridae –Campanulotes compar(Burmeister),Columbicola columbae(Linnaeus), andColoceras tovornikaeTendeiro; Menoponidae –Hohorstiella lata(Piaget). We tested the hypotheses that both abundance and population stability are species-specific traits. Over 10 years, the four species of lice had distinct population dynamics.Campanulotes comparandC. columbaewere more abundant thanC. tovornikaeandH. lata, had higher male to female sex ratios and higher ratios of nymphs to females, different levels of aggregation, and more stable populations.Campanulotes comparwas more prevalent thanC. columbaeand its prevalence was more stable, and the two species also showed differences in the levels and stabilities of male and nymph to female ratios.Coloceras tovornikaehad a higher prevalence and male to female sex ratio thanH. lata, but the two species showed similar levels of stability for these parameters. The level of stability of these populations was relatively high compared with many other organisms, and in particular higher than for plant ectoparasites (Hemiptera: Aphididae). Although the four species occupy similar habitats, often on the same bird, and three of the four feed in a similar way, the population biology of each species is distinct. The life history traits that lead to these differences have yet to be determined.
Risk Factors, Therapy and Survival Outcomes of Small Cell and Large Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma of Urinary Bladder
Authors: Bhatt Vijaya Raj , Loberiza Fausto R. , Tandra Pavankumar , Krishnamurthy Jairam , Shrestha Rajesh , Wang Jue
Published: January 2014

The risk factors, the optimal therapy and prognostic factors contributing to poor outcomes of neuroendocrine urinary bladder carcinoma are not fully elucidated because of its rarity. We reviewed the medical records of neuroendocrine bladder carcinoma patients treated at the University of Nebraska Medical Center between 1996 and 2011. Eighteen patients, 55% female with a median age of 77 years, had stage IV disease at diagnosis in 50% of cases. There was a high prevalence of smoking (78%), medical co-morbidities (94%), prior cancer history (22%) and family history of cancer (61%). Treatment modalities included surgery (72%), platinum-based chemotherapy (50%) and/or radiation (22%). Median overall survival was 18.5 months (95% confidence interval, 7-36 months). Patients with Stage II and III cancer who underwent radical surgery with or without neoadjuvant chemotherapy had a median survival of 37 months. In addition to smoking, for the first time, our study indicates that the personal or family history of cancer may increase risk to neuroendocrine bladder cancer. Advanced age and stage at diagnosis, and the presence of multiple co-morbidities contribute to poor overall survival. Patients with early-stage disease are likely to benefit from a combination of radical surgery and platinum-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy.
Die strekking van Job 28
Authors: Bezuidenhout L. C.
Published: January 2014

Job chapter 28 seems, superficially seen, to be in conflict with the ideas of both Job and his friends. In this article the author comes to the conclusion that chapter 28 should be ascribed to Job. On the semantic level, chapter 28 seems to be the words of a person who accepts the fact that wisdom is inaccessible to man. On the semiotic level however. Job is protesting against this fact although he realizes its validity. The protest is more subtle than usual.
Wat is die Woord van God - Skrif, belydenis, prediking?
Authors: Velthuysen G. C.
Published: January 2014

What is the Word of God: Holy Scripture? The preaching of the Gospel? The Confession? This article argues that while Holy Scripture and preaching may become the Word of God, although never in an unqualified manner, the same can never apply to the Confession. The Confession is the result of theological reflections on the Word and indicative of the parameters v/ithin which the preaching should remain without, however, curtailing the prophetic freedom of the preacher in proclaiming the Word. Its function is that of rule of speech for the preaching. Preaching, on the other hand, becomes a proclamation of the Word in an unsurpassable and existentially qualifying manner. Holy Scripture, a human book in more senses than one, is at the same time the Word of God, in that it qualifies its reader existentially - confronting him with the most fundamental questions on the human state and providing the final answers to these.
Die funksie van die belydenis in die struktuur van die kerk en die betekenis daarvan vir die predikant
Authors: Velthuysen G. C.
Published: January 2014

The function of the Confession in the structure of the church and its ministerial implications In this paper it is argued that the church is'nt a monolithical structure but that it is constituted by various constituent elements, all of which are interdependent, interrelated and indispensable. Of these, the most important is the Confession. It constitutes the character and 'personality' of a church and as such is a constituent force in each of the other elements treated here, namely theology, the proclamation of the gospel and church-law. The minister finds himself in an ambivalent relation to the gospel. This is due to the fact that each of the other constituent elements stands in an ambivalent relation to the Confession while the minister is in relation to each of them individually as they stand in relation amongst themselves and to all of them collectively.
Bullinger en die verbond na aanleiding van die Tweede Switserse Konfessie
Authors: Botha S. J.
Published: January 2014

Bullinger's concept of the covenant and the Confessio Helvetica Posterior The Confessio Helvetica Posterior is not only one of the most extensive confessions of the Reformed churches but it is also very widely accepted. The composer of the confession was JH Bullinger (1504—1575) who was one of the first, if not the first. Reformer to make use of the concept of the covenant in his theological thinking, Bullinger's specific idea of a bilateral or conditional covenant is most probably unprecedented in Christian Thought and in this respect he not only differed from Calvin but he also initiated another tradition in reformed Protestantism. Basically the Confessio Helvetica Posterior is nothing else than an unfolding of Bullinger's concept of the covenant.
Thomas Erastus oor die struktuur van die gemeenskap
Authors: Pont A. D.
Published: January 2014

Thomas Erastus on the church, the rulers and the community In this, largely descriptive paper, the views of Thomas Erastus (1520-1583) of Heidelberg, are discussed. Erastus' views on the church, the rulers and the community are put forward in his Treatise Explicatio gravissimae of 1568-69, published in 1589. It is clear that Erastus depends on the Zurich covenant-theology in his view that the community is essentially a Christian community ruled by the pius magistratus. In this community the church does not appear as a separate coetus or societas, but is ruled by the godly prince who rules according to God's law. Erastus' view gained popularity in the ecclesia AngUcam and was, to a certain extent, also a plea for the divine rights of kings.
Die godsdienswetenskaplike aspek van teologie
Authors: Van der Merwe P. J.
Published: January 2014

Religio-scientific aspects of theology Theology cannot pronounce the science of religion an irrelevant matter, as that would amount to an indifference regarding the missionary task, on the one hand, and on the other hand would demonstrate ignorance regarding its own nature. Theology is being practised in the area between faith and science. Theology consists of the reflexion of faith and religio-scientific investigation finely balanced. Reflexiveness, a radicalizing of reflectiveness, entails that theology will acknowledge this and explore its implications. Confessional theology must provide for a 'theological science of religion' within its ranks.
Die Gereformeerde ekumeniese sinode en sending 1984
Authors: Van der Westhuizen H. G.
Published: January 2014

The Reformed Ecumenical Synod and Mission 1984 The Afrikaner nation in South Africa is a minority in its own country. The normal strive to become and stay sovereign is blamed in the face of the world as building concentration camps! That is a lie. And if the world is not prepared to accept it as a lie we are sure that in this sense God will be on the side of the powerless. The Nederduitsch Hervormde Kerk already accommodates specific points of mission strategy as stated at the Chicago Conference. Especially the aim of independent indigenous national churches, founded on sound Biblical theology, is held in high esteem.
Is kerkvereniging vandag of in die toekoms 'n doelwit?
Authors: Botha S. J.
Published: January 2014

The unification of the three Afrikaans Churches: An obtainable goal? The purpose of this paper is to consider the question whether uniting or amalgamating the three Afrikaans Churches into one organisation is an obtainable goal at present or in the foreseeable future. In an attempt to achieve an answer to the question the following issues were taken into consideration; 1. The historical events of a century ago when an attempt was made to unite the churches. 2. The viewpoint which the Nederduitsch Hervormde Kerk took during the past century on this matter. 3. The relation and differences among the three churches in the past and at present.
Vancouver 1983: Indrukwekkend, maar twyfelagtig
Authors: Van Wyk D. J. C.
Published: January 2014

Vancouver 1983: Impressive, but dubious This article is a short summary of the constitution, course and content of the 6th General Assembly of the World Council of Churches which took place during 1983 in Vancouver, Canada. It is a short summary of the most important presentations, reports and declarations. The article is concluded with some critical remarks on the World Council of Churches in general and in particular on the Vancouver meeting.
Narratologiese ondersoek en eksegese van die boodskap van die evangelies
Authors: Gräbe I.
Published: January 2014

Narratological investigation and exegesis of the message of the gospels This paper argues that the narrative structure of the gospels facilitates the communication of the Biblical message and that exegesis of this message therefore presupposes an assessment of the semantic implications revealed through an analysis of particular genre conventions utilized in the narration of Biblical material. The narrative structure of the gospels shows striking correspondences with basic narrative forms such as fairy tales, so that an analysis of the narrative material on the basic story level, rather than on the level of narrative presentation, seems appropriate. In fact, the correspondence between the levels of story and narrative (Genette 1980) ensures that the deep structure or story content is directly projected onto the surface structure of the narrative text, resulting in a clear communication of the Biblical message.
Tradisie-historiese probleme rondom 'versoening' by Paulus
Authors: Breytenbach C.
Published: January 2014

Tradicio-historical problems on 'reconciliation' in Paul In a short Afrikaans essay Breytenbach summerizes the findings of a recent investigation on the background of Paul's use of katallage (cf Cilliers Breytenbach, KATALLAGE: Eine Studie zur paulinischen Soteriologie, to appear in WMANT Neukirchener Verlag). The Pauline usage has its roots in the diplomatic language of the Hellenistic era. Paul the legatus or presbeús (2 Cor 5:20) uses this concept to explain his function of mediating God's message of reconciliation to man (2 Cor 5:18f). True to his general presuppositions, Paul re-interprets the profane concept of katallage by stating that the death of Christ 'for us' (2 Cor 5:14) made reconciliation possible (2 Cor 5:19; Rm 5:9f).
'n Kritiese evaluasie van Colin Brown se studie: Miracles and the critical mind
Authors: Vledder E. J.
Published: January 2014

A critical evaluation of Colin Brown's study: Miracles and the critical mind As a historical survey of the viewpoints regarding miracles throughout the ages. Miracles and the critical mind of Colin Brown can be highly recommended as a reference work. In this lies its value. Brown has an interesting viewpoint. He states that miracles can only be interpreted when asked what the evangelists themselves meant by it in their Gospels. But to my mind. Brown does not successfully show that miracles enable us to make sense of the Gospels as history. The reason is that he cannot conclusively prove that miracles are historical facts, and thus the Gospels are history as well. Miracles should be accepted by faith. In this respect he stands fully in an age-old tradition, and as such does not contribute much new towards the debate about miracles. To follow is a critical evaluation of the abovementioned study.
Die funksie van ruimte in die narratologie
Authors: Van Eck E.
Published: January 2014

The function of space in narratology The article enters into the matter of space as a literary concept. It is an useful instrument in the hand of the narrator with which he can manipulate and influence the implied reader. Space can therefore be seen as one of the vehicles of the narrator's ideological/theological perspective. The function of space is expressed in the distinction between space as simply local setting and space as scope of ideological/theological interest. For that reason this distinction has to be considered seriously in order to lead to a better interpretation of the gospels as narrations.
Paulus se 'godsdienspatroon' en die bepaling van verwysing
Authors: Engelbrecht E.
Published: January 2014

Paul's 'pattern of religion' and the determination of reference The interpretation of meaning in a Pauline text starts in the micro-context and proceeds via the macro-structure of the letter to Paul's pattern of religion. This implies a synchronic approach. It is argued that a pattern of religion thus constructed functions as a method of control in establishing an interpretation of meaning. Pattern of religion consists of that which is basic to Pauline thinking and the first phase surface motives which are generated by this basic pattern of belief. The study concludes that the interpretation of meaning in Paul should take note of the uniqueness of Paul's thinking. The method developed is pointed by an interpretation of the meaning of eleos in Romans 15:9.
Dekonstruktiewe lesing van 'n teks
Authors: De Beer C. S.
Published: January 2014

Deconstructive reading of a text Deconstructive reading must be considered as a strategy exploring the paths of thinking. In this strategy emphasis is laid on (1) the textuality of the text which offers a point outside the logocentric totality from where logocentrism can deconstructively be articulated; (2) the suspended position of the author who disappears behind the text, not dominating it anymore; (3) the senselessness of the problem of reference since the text is infinitely disseminated in its continuous undecidable allusion to other texts (4) the re-interpretation of interpretation which is directed towards the preoccupied dissimulation of the texture of the text itself which amounts to writing as the production of a signifying structure that alludes to nothing but a labyrinth of the path of thinking challenging thinking to venture upon it.
Wat is die reg en die vryheid van die eksegeet?
Authors: Engelbrecht B. J.
Published: January 2014

What is the right and freedom of the exegete? The themes centring around Scripture, i.e. the 'right' way or ways to interpret it, its usage in the church and its authority is very much in discussion in theology today. It is no wonder because the maxim sola Scriptura is so basic to protestant theology that it is called the principium fundamentale vel cognoscendi. The question of the freedom of the exegete of the Bible, arises from the very nature of the Bible itself. Protestantism confesses that the Bible is God's Word to man and yet this Word comes to us in the form of (fallible?) human words written through many ages and sometimes receiving more than one redaction.
Twee belangrike Nederlandse teksuitgawes van die Heidelbergse Kategismus
Authors: Oberholzer J. P.
Published: January 2014

Two important Dutch versions of the Heidelberg Catechism; A comparison between the Middelburg text of 1611 and the Dordrecht text of 1725 This is a formal comparison between two important editions of the Heidelberg Catechism, prepared by Faukelius and Thysius respectively, in the beginning of the seventeenth century. The comparison shows that there was a relatively free attitude towards the text itself and towards the scriptural references accompanying the text, indicating
RGN-Verslag oor godsdiens, tussengroepverhoudinge en maatskaplike verandering in Suid-Afrika
Authors: Van der Merwe P. J.
Published: January 2014

The HSRC Report on religion, intergroup relations and social change in South Africa This article deals with the HSRC Report Religion, intergroup relations and social change in South Africa of 1985. The report is found to be well researched. A basic statement thereof is that religion functions in an ambivalent manner: It may transcend group interests for the sake of broader or national interests and thus facilitate reconciliation or it may become a captive of group interests and by legitimising group perceptions and claims, contribute to intergroup tension. Despite the Committee's claim to a scientific approach to religion, the report displays a natural theological aspect.
Probleme rondom die interpretasie van die 'versoeningsuitsprake' by Paulus
Authors: Breytenbach C.
Published: January 2014

Problems on the interpretation of reconciliation dictions in Paul In this essay the Pauline passages on 'reconciliation'/katallagë, Romans 5:10f; 2 Corinthians 5;18v, 20 are discussed. It is also argued that Romans 3:25 carmot be used to prove that Paul interpreted Jesus' death hupér hemön/pantön as a sacrifice (cf the previous article in HTS 42, 257-265).
Anonimiteit en pseudonimiteit van Bybelse geskrifte
Authors: Lombard H.
Published: January 2014

Anonamity and pseudonymity of biblical writings Since ancient times authors presented their writing to the public under pseudonyms. Subsequently, authors also wrote anonomously. The literary phenomenon of pseudonymity creates the most substantial problems among literary critics, since all cultures and authors' conventions emphatically reject plagiarism and forgeries. An assessment of this literary technique should be conducted with reference to the motives and objectives behind the utilization of this technique.
Swart Teologie en Suid-Afrika se kairós
Authors: Kritzinger J. J.
Published: January 2014

Black Theology and South Africa's kairós South Africa's Black Theology must be seen as a local contextual theology, but with roots in al least the American Black Theology, Latin American Liberation Theology as well as African Theology. After dealing with these roots, and the different trends in Black Theology, this theology is related to the Kairos Document of September 1985. The conclusion is that this Document can be regarded as the latest and clearest expression of Black Theology. As such it is a formidable challenge to the church and conventional theology.
Baptism and the interpretation of early Quistian art
Authors: Stander H. F.
Published: January 2014

The aim of this article is to stress the necessity of interpreting early Christian art in its context and with due respect to its deep structure or primary notion. It often happens that scholars base their arguments on the superficial features of a work of art, but they fail to understand the notion which these features convey. This will be illustrated by examples of baptismal scenes. It will be shown how these scenes of art are misused and misinterpreted by modem scholars because the above-mentioned principles are disregarded.
Eksistensiale verstaan van die Ou Testament: Die teologiese arbeid van Antonius HJ Gunneweg
Authors: Boshoff P. B.
Published: January 2014

Existential understanding of the Old Testament: The theological work of Antonius HJ Gunneweg Gunneweg applies Bultmann's concept of existential understanding to the Old Testament. Existential interpretation means that the text must be laid out in terms of the possibilities of the human existence. The author shows how Gunneweg worked it out under the following headings: Israel; The beginning; Moses; One kingdom or two kingdoms; Paul; Sola scriptura instead of salvation history; Word. The result is that Gunneweg comes to a unique understanding of the relationship between the Old and New Testaments.
Op weg na 'n post-kritiese Nuwe-Testamentiese Wetenskap
Authors: Vorster W. S.
Published: January 2014

Heading for a post-critical New Testament Science This essay is an investigation into the shifts which are taking place in New Testament scholarship in terms of scientific paradigms and epistemologies. It explores the relations between domain assumptions and the ontological, epistemological, social, teleological and methodological dimensions of critical and post-critical paradigms in use. It is an attempt to explain the underlying currents in contemporary developments in New Testament scholarship.
Die betekenis van Abraham Kuyper (1837–1920) vir Suid-Afrika op kerkhistoriese en kerkregtelike gebied
Authors: Pont A. D.
Published: January 2014

The influence of Abraham Kuyper (1837–1920) on South Africa in the spheres of Church History and Church Polity A short biography of Kuyper is followed by an attempt to qualify him as a typical theologian of the 19th century, as leader of the Doleantie-movement in the Dutch church and as a man of many parts. His personal contact with South Africa is traced, as well as his direct and indirect influence in the South African churches. It is interesting to note that the influence of Kuyper's theology in the Gereformeerde Kerke in Suid-Afrika was largely initiated by JD du Toit while his father, SJ du Toit, introduced Kuyper's theology in the Nederduitse Gereformeerde Kerk. Subsequently it was mainly the influence of the VU (Bavinck and Rutgers) which prevailed in the abovementioned churches.
Temaprediking uit die Nuwe Testament
Authors: Pelser G. M. M.
Published: January 2014

Preaching themes from the New Testament The issue addressed in this essay is the question as to the legitimacy and possibility of theme preaching from the New Testament in view of the indisputable diversity in the New Testament. After having given some illustrations of thematic diversity in the New Testament, a number of guidelines is drawn comprising in substance the following: the thematic diversity, and in some cases irreconcilability, in the New Testament should be regarded as a fact and may not be ignored; diversity per se should not, however, be viewed negatively; every witness should be treated separately and independently; as far as two or more witnesses concur, they may be treated jointly; one should not attempt to dissolve the diversity by means of harmonisation; in those cases, however, where witnesses contradict one another, a choice between them will, depending on one's theological point of view, be unavoidable.
Ds Marié Joseph Goddefroy as volksman
Authors: Botha S. J.
Published: January 2014

The Rev MJ Goddefroy as an Afrikaner patriot To honour prof AD Pont, a devoted Afrikaner patriot himself, on his sixtieth birthday (21 September), this paper pays attention to the patriotism of the Rev Goddefroy who, one hundred years ago in 1887, came from the Netherlands to the Zuid-Afrikaansche Republiek. Here he not only became a minister of the Nederduitsch Hervormde Kerk, but he also heartily adopted the Afrikaner as his own people and made their ideals his own.
Etiek en kapitalisme
Authors: Labuschagne J. P.
Published: January 2014

Ethics and capitalism The main purpose of this essay is to demonstrate that, on the basis of Biblical Ethics, criticism on Marxism and Communism does not simultaneously imply adherence to Capitalism, for the most vulnerable point in Classical Capitalism is its lack of ethics as a leading principle. Since the days of Adam Smith, political economy (the common wealth of society) in Capitalism is metaphysically assumed, and in this sense derived, not from reality nor any proven ethical principle, but from a concept of a private economy (the competition of private greed) as a basis for society.
Die rol van die openbare pers in die bevordering en totstandkoming van die kerkvereniging van 1885
Authors: Pretorius S. P.
Published: January 2014

The contribution by the public press in promoting and establishing the merging of the three existing churches in the Zuid-Afrikaansche Republiek in the period 1881-1885 With this paper it is endeavoured to indicate that the public press, particularly in the years 1881 to 1885, made an important contribution to the promotion of the merging of the three existing churches in the Zuid-Afrikaansche Republiek in that same period. The hitherto unknown unity resulting from the developing Afrikaner Nationalism after the First Boer War of 1880 to 1881, has been overemphasized by the press to encourage a sense of emotionality to permit the political unity to overflow into the ecclesiastical province.
Struktuur en strekking van Job 38:39–39:30
Authors: Bezuidenhout L. C.
Published: January 2014

The structure and meaning of Job 38:39–39:30 The book is approached as a literary work of art. Codes which function in literature, and in particular in poetry, are treated as points of departure. Even in the deep structure elements can be distinguished which serve as codes to indicate the structure at this level. Such elements or motifs are identified. The motifs succeed each other according to a systematic pattern. This approach is applied to Job 38:39–39:30. The coherence of the text is attested. Aspects of the animal kingdom are used to draw the attention to God's providence. Yet God's actions cannot be forced into a system of mechanical causality. God's actions must be interpreted in the context of the freedom of his love.