bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
On the Performance of Small-Scale Horizontal Axis Tidal Current Turbines. Part 1: One Single Turbine
Authors: Alipour Ramin , Alipour Roozbeh , Rahimian Koloor Seyed Saeid , Petrů Michal , Ghazanfari Seyed Alireza
Published: July 2020

The blade number of a current tidal turbine is one of the essential parameters to increase the stability, performance and efficiency for converting tidal current energy into rotational energy to generate electricity. This research attempts to investigate the effect of blade number on the performance of a small-scale horizontal tidal current turbine in the case of torque, thrust coefficient and power coefficient. Towards this end and according to the blade element momentum theory, three different turbines, i.e., two, three and four-bladed, were modeled using Solidworks software based on S-814 airfoil and then exported to the ANSYS-FLUENT for computational flow dynamics (CFD) analysis. SST-K-ω turbulence model was used to predict the turbulence behavior and several simulations were conducted at 2 ≤ tip speed ratio ≤ 7. Pressure contours, turbulence kinetic energy contours, cut-in-speed-curves, and streamlines around the blades and rotors were extracted and compared to provide an ability for a deep discussion on the turbine performance. The results show that in the case of obtainable power, the optimal value of tip speed ratio is around 5, so that the maximum power was achieved for the four-bladed turbine. Out of optimal condition, higher blade number and lower blade number turbines should be used at less than and greater than the optimal values of tip speed ratio, respectively. The results of simulations for the three-bladed turbine were validated against the experimental data with good agreement.
Regionalization of Green Building Development in China: A Comprehensive Evaluation Model Based on the Catastrophe Progression Method
Authors: Chen Linyan , Gao Xin , Gong Shitao , Li Zhou
Published: July 2020

As an effective measure to reduce energy and material consumption, green building has drawn much attention all over the world. Under the background of ecological city construction, the development speed of green building is extremely high in China. However, it is unclear about the overview of regional green building development. This study puts forward an evaluation model to scientifically measure the regional development of green building. The rough set theory and the catastrophe progression method optimized by entropy method are utilized in the model. A case study is conducted to clarify the application of the evaluation model, and the spatial distribution of regional green building development in 2015 is shown in the end. The result shows that the evaluation model is scientific and applicable. The spatial distribution of green building development in China was uneven. Green building development concentrated on the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei area, Jiangsu-Zhejiang-Shanghai Area, Guangdong and Chongqing. Tibet was almost the bottom in every aspect, but it performed the best in economic efficiency. This study not only contributes to the research area of green building development, but also helps to promote green buildings in practice.
A Supersymmetry and Quantum Cryptosystem with Path Integral Approach in Biology
Authors: Capozziello Salvatore , Pinčák Richard , Bartoš Erik
Published: July 2020

The source of cancerous mutations and the relationship to telomeres is explained in an alternative way. We define the smallest subunit in the genetic code as a loop braid group element. The loop braid group is suitable to be defined as a configuration space in the process of converting the information written in the DNA into the structure of a folded protein. This smallest subunit, or a flying ring in our definition, is a representation of 8-spinor field in the supermanifold of the genetic code. The image of spectral analysis from the tensor correlation of mutation genes as our biological system is produced. We apply the loop braid group for biology and authentication in quantum cryptography to understand the cell cocycle and division mechanism of telomerase aging. A quantum biological cryptosystem is used to detect cancer signatures in 36 genotypes of the bone ALX1 cancer gene. The loop braid group with the RSA algorithm is applied for the calculation of public and private keys as cancer signatures in genes. The key role of this approach is the use of the Chern–Simons current and then the fiber bundle representation of the genetic code that allows a quantization procedure.
Linear Diophantine Fuzzy Soft Rough Sets for the Selection of Sustainable Material Handling Equipment
Authors: Riaz Muhammad , Hashmi Masooma Raza , Kalsoom Humaira , Pamucar Dragan , Chu Yu-Ming
Published: July 2020

The concept of linear Diophantine fuzzy sets (LDFSs) is a new approach for modeling uncertainties in decision analysis. Due to the addition of reference or control parameters with membership and non-membership grades, LDFS is more flexible and reliable than existing concepts of intuitionistic fuzzy sets (IFSs), Pythagorean fuzzy sets (PFSs), and q-rung orthopair fuzzy sets (q-ROFSs). In this paper, the notions of linear Diophantine fuzzy soft rough sets (LDFSRSs) and soft rough linear Diophantine fuzzy sets (SRLDFSs) are proposed as new hybrid models of soft sets, rough sets, and LDFS. The suggested models of LDFSRSs and SRLDFSs are more flexible to discuss fuzziness and roughness in terms of upper and lower approximation operators. Certain operations on LDFSRSs and SRLDFSs have been established to discuss robust multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) for the selection of sustainable material handling equipment. For these objectives, some algorithms are developed for the ranking of feasible alternatives and deriving an optimal decision. Meanwhile, the ideas of the upper reduct, lower reduct, and core set are defined as key factors in the proposed MCDM technique. An application of MCDM is illustrated by a numerical example, and the final ranking in the selection of sustainable material handling equipment is computed by the proposed algorithms. Finally, a comparison analysis is given to justify the feasibility, reliability, and superiority of the proposed models.
Outbreak of Oleander (Nerium oleander) Poisoning in Dairy Cattle: Clinical and Food Safety Implications
Authors: Ceci Luigi , Girolami Flavia , Capucchio Maria Teresa , Colombino Elena , Nebbia Carlo , Gosetti Fabio , Marengo Emilio , Iarussi Fabrizio , Carelli Grazia
Published: July 2020

Oleander is a spontaneous shrub widely occurring in Mediterranean regions. Poisoning is sporadically reported in livestock, mainly due to the ingestion of leaves containing toxic cardiac glycosides (primarily oleandrin). In this study, 50 lactating Fleckvieh cows were affected after being offered a diet containing dry oleander pruning wastes accidentally mixed with fodder. Clinical examination, electrocardiogram, and blood sampling were conducted. Dead animals were necropsied, and heart, liver, kidney, spleen, and intestine were submitted to histological investigation. Oleandrin detection was performed through ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry in blood, serum, liver, heart, milk, and cheese samples. Severe depression, anorexia, ruminal atony, diarrhea, serous nasal discharge, tachycardia, and irregular heartbeat were the most common clinical signs. The first animal died within 48 h, and a total of 13 cows died in 4 days. Disseminated hyperemia and hemorrhages, multifocal coagulative necrosis of the cardiac muscle fibers, and severe and diffuse enteritis were suggestive of oleander poisoning. The diagnosis was confirmed by the presence of oleandrin in serum, liver, heart, milk, and cheese. Our results confirm the high toxicity of oleander in cattle and report for the first time the transfer into milk and dairy products, suggesting a potential risk for the consumers.
Effect of the Route of Administration of the Vaccinia Virus Strain LIVP to Mice on Its Virulence and Immunogenicity
Authors: Shchelkunov Sergei N. , Yakubitskiy Stanislav N. , Sergeev Alexander A. , Kabanov Alexei S. , Bauer Tatiana V. , Bulychev Leonid E. , Pyankov Stepan A.
Published: July 2020

The mass smallpox vaccination campaign has played a crucial role in smallpox eradication. Various strains of the vaccinia virus (VACV) were used as a live smallpox vaccine in different countries, their origin being unknown in most cases. The VACV strains differ in terms of pathogenicity exhibited upon inoculation of laboratory animals and reactogenicity exhibited upon vaccination of humans. Therefore, each generated strain or clonal variant of VACV needs to be thoroughly studied in in vivo systems. The clonal variant 14 of LIVP strain (LIVP-14) was the study object in this work. A comparative analysis of the virulence and immunogenicity of LIVP-14 inoculated intranasally (i.n.), intradermally (i.d.), or subcutaneously (s.c.) to BALB/c mice at doses of 108, 107, and 106 pfu was carried out. Adult mice exhibited the highest sensitivity to the i.n. administered LIVP-14 strain, although the infection was not lethal. The i.n. inoculated LIVP-14 replicated efficiently in the lungs. Furthermore, this virus was accumulated in the brain at relatively high concentrations. Significantly lower levels of LIVP-14 were detected in the liver, kidneys, and spleen of experimental animals. No clinical manifestations of the disease were observed after i.d. or s.c. injection of LIVP-14 to mice. After s.c. inoculation, the virus was detected only at the injection site, while it could disseminate to the liver and lungs when delivered via i.d. administration. A comparative analysis of the production of virus-specific antibodies by ELISA and PRNT revealed that the highest level of antibodies was induced in i.n. inoculated mice; a lower level of antibodies was observed after i.d. administration of the virus and the lowest level after s.c. injection. Even at the lowest studied dose (106 pfu), i.n. or i.d. administered LIVP-14 completely protected mice against infection with the cowpox virus at the lethal dose. Our findings imply that, according to the ratio between such characteristics as pathogenicity/immunogenicity/protectivity, i.d. injection is the optimal method of inoculation with the VACV LIVP-14 strain to ensure the safe formation of immune defense after vaccination against orthopoxviral infections.
Epidemiology and National Surveillance System for Foot and Mouth Disease in Cattle in Thailand during 2008–2019
Authors: Arjkumpa Orapun , Yano Tedsak , Prakotcheo Rotchana , Sansamur Chalutwan , Punyapornwithaya Veerasak
Published: July 2020

Foot and mouth disease (FMD) is a prominent transboundary disease that threatens livestock production and can disrupt the trade in animals and animal products at both regional and international levels. The aims of this study were: (1) to analyze the distribution of FMD in Thailand during the period of 2008 to 2019, (2) to outline a national surveillance approach, and (3) to identify the existing knowledge gap that is associated with this disease in relation to cattle production. We analyzed FMD outbreak data in order to determine the existing spatial and temporal trends and reviewed relevant publications and official documents that helped us outline a national surveillance program. There were 1209 FMD outbreaks in cattle farms during the study period. FMD outbreaks occurred every year throughout the study period in several regions. Notably, FMD serotype O and A were considered the predominant types. The FMD National Strategic Plan (2008–2015) and the national FMD control program (2016–2023) have been implemented in order to control this disease. The surveillance approach employed by livestock authorities included both active and passive surveillance techniques. The vaccination program was applied to herds of cattle 2–3 times per year. Additionally, numerous control measures have been implemented across the country. We have identified the need for a study on the assessment of an applicable surveillance program, the evaluation of an appropriate vaccination strategy and an assessment of the effectiveness of a measured control policy. In conclusion, this study provided much needed knowledge on the epidemiology of FMD outbreaks across Thailand from 2008 to 2019. Additionally, we identified the need for future studies to address the existing knowledge gaps. The findings from this study may also be useful for livestock authorities and stakeholders to establish an enhanced control strategy and to implement an effective surveillance system that would control and eradicate FMD throughout the country.
Spatiotemporal Variations in Drought and Wetness from 1965 to 2017 in China
Authors: Zeng Zhaoqi , Wu Wenxiang , Li Yamei , Zhou Yang , Zhang Zhengtao , Zhang Shuilong , Guo Yahui , Huang Han , Li Zhaolei
Published: July 2020

Drought and extreme precipitation events can have major environmental and socioeconomic impacts. Yet, how drought and wetness are changing in China in the context of climate change is still under debate. Here, the standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index (SPEI) was calculated based on high-quality and more densely distributed daily meteorological observation data from 655 stations across China during the period of 1965–2017. National and regional trends in drought and wetness and their various characteristics, including intensity, duration, frequency, and percentage of area affected, were investigated at multiple timescales. We found that (1) China as a whole has undergone a significant (p < 0.01, trend significant at the level of 0.01) wetting trend, with an annual SPEI increase of 0.5 per decade from 1965 to 2017. A seasonal wetting trend was also observed, with summer being particularly significant (p < 0.01). (2) Regionally, each subregion also showed a wetting trend during the study period except for southwest China, and these wetting trends were significant in the western region of northwest China (p < 0.05, trend significant at the level of 0.05), the Tibetan Plateau (p < 0.05), and eastern China (p = 0.06). (3) Decadal trends in drought and wetness intensity, frequency, duration, and affected areas indicated that the drought events also became more severe and more frequent in the last two decades, and the areas showing drying trends were mainly located in southwest China (especially for the autumn drought) and the southwestern parts of eastern northwest China (spring drought). Our results highlight the fact that although a wetting trend was observed in most regions of China, the frequent occurrence of severe drought in southwest China and the southwestern parts of eastern northwest China still present a considerable threat to both the environment and society. Therefore, how to effectively coordinate the allocation of regional water resources to cope with drought risk under future climate change will be particularly important.
Sloshing Motion in a Real-Scale Water Storage Tank under Nonlinear Ground Motion
Authors: Jin Heng , Song Ruiyin , Liu Yi
Published: July 2020

Water storage tanks in cities are usually large and are occasionally affected by earthquakes. A sudden earthquake can cause pressure pulses that damage water containers severely. In this study, the sloshing motion in a high filling level tank caused by seismic excitation is investigated by the numerical method in a 2D model. Two well-studied strong earthquakes are used to analyze the broadband frequency nonlinear displacement of the tank both in the longitudinal and vertical directions. Based on careful experimental verification, the free surface motion and the elevations at the side wall are captured, and the sloshing pressure response is examined. The results show that the 2D section of the cylindrical tank can be used to estimate the maximum response of the 3D sloshing, and the water motions under the seismic excitations are consistent with the modal characteristics of the sloshing. The time histories response of the water motion reflected that the sloshing response is hysteretic compared with the seismic excitation. The anti-seismic ability of the damping baffle shows that its effect on sloshing pressure suppression is limited, and further study on the seismic design of water tanks in earthquake-prone regions is needed.
Effectiveness and Energy Requirements of Pasteurisation for the Treatment of Unfiltered Secondary Effluent from a Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plant
Authors: Sanciolo Peter , Monis Paul , Lewis Justin , Ryan Greg , Salveson Andrew , Fontaine Nicola , Blackbeard Judy , Gray Stephen
Published: July 2020

Pasteurisation was investigated as a process to achieve high microbial quality standards in the recycling of water from unfiltered secondary effluents from a wastewater treatment plants in Melbourne, Australia. The relative heat sensitivity of key bacterial, viral, protozoan and helminth wastewater organisms (Escherichia coli, Enterococcus, FRNA bacteriophage, adenovirus, coxsackievirus, Cryptosporidium, and Ascaris) were determined by laboratory scale tests. The FRNA phage were found to be the most heat resistant, followed by enterococci and E. coli. Pilot scale challenge testing of a 2 ML/day pasteurisation pilot plant using unfiltered municipal wastewater and male specific coliphage (MS2) phage showed that temperatures between 69 °C and 75 °C achieved log reductions values between 0.9 ± 0.1 and 5.0 ± 0.5 respectively in the contact chamber. Fouling of the heat exchangers during operation using unfiltered secondary treated effluent was found to increase the energy consumption of the plant from 2.2 kWh/kL to 5.1 kWh/kL. The economic feasibility of pasteurisation for the current municipal application with high heat exchanger fouling potential can be expected to depend largely on the available waste heat from co-generation and on the efforts required to control fouling of the heat exchangers.
Adsorption Mechanisms and Characteristics of Hg2+ Removal by Different Fractions of Biochar
Authors: Guo Xiaoli , Li Menghong , Liu Aijv , Jiang Man , Niu Xiaoyin , Liu Xinpeng
Published: July 2020

The adsorption mechanisms of mercury ion (Hg2+) by different fractions of biochar were studied, providing a theoretical basis and practical value for the use of biochar to remediate mercury contamination in water. Biochar (RC) was prepared using corn straw as the raw material. It was then fractionated, resulting in inorganic carbon (IC), organic carbon (OC), hydroxyl-blocked carbon (BHC), and carboxyl-blocked carbon (BCC). Before and after Hg2+ adsorption, the biochar fractions were characterized by several techniques, such as energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Obtained results indicate that the reaction mechanisms of RC for Hg2+ removal mainly include electrostatic adsorption, ion exchange, reduction, precipitation, and complexation. The equilibrium adsorption capacity of RC for Hg2+ is 75.56 mg/g, and the adsorption contribution rates of IC and OC are approximately 22.4% and 77.6%, respectively. Despite the lower rate, IC shows the largest adsorption capacity, of 92.63 mg/g. This is attributed to all the mechanisms involved in Hg2+ adsorption by IC, with ion exchange being the main reaction mechanism (accounting for 39.8%). The main adsorption mechanism of OC is the complexation of carboxyl and hydroxyl groups with Hg2+, accounting for 71.6% of the total OC contribution. BHC and BCC adsorb mercury mainly via the reduction–adsorption mechanism, accounting for 54.6% and 54.5%, respectively. Among all the adsorption mechanisms, the complexation reaction of carboxyl and hydroxyl groups with Hg2+ is the dominant effect.
Hyperaldosteronism: How Current Concepts Are Transforming the Diagnostic and Therapeutic Paradigm
Authors: Lattanzio Michael R. , Weir Matthew R.
Published: July 2020

Nearly seven decades have elapsed since the clinical and biochemical features of primary hyperaldosteronism (PA) were described by Conn. PA is now widely recognized as the most common form of secondary hypertension. PA has a strong correlation with cardiovascular disease and failure to recognize and/or properly diagnose this condition has profound health consequences. With proper identification and management, PA has the potential to be surgically cured in a proportion of affected individuals. The diagnostic pursuit for PA is not a simplistic endeavor, particularly because an enhanced understanding of the disease process is continually redefining the diagnostic and treatment algorithm. These new concepts have emerged in all areas of this clinical condition, including identification, diagnosis, and treatment. Here, we review the recent advances in this field and summarize the effect these advances have on both diagnostic and therapeutic modalities.
The investigation of valid criteria for hospitalization and discharge in patients with limb cellulitis: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Abiri Samaneh , Foroughian Mahdi , Akbar Hamideh , Mehramiz Neema John , Hatami Naser , Ameri Abdol Ali , Kalani Navid , Rayat Dost Esmaeil , Barazandehpour Saeed
Published: July 2020

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate a valid model for patients’ admission or discharge from emergency services to improve the health system and reduce costs. Methods: This study was carried out using a prospective cohort method. The study population was patients with limb cellulitis referring to the emergency department of Peymanieh hospital. In this research, the study participants were separated into two groups based on the duration of hospitalization (hospital stay less than 24 hours or longer than 24 hours), then the patients were again separated into 4 groups based on the classification of the the Clinical Resource Efficiency Support Team (CREST) guideline, which in each of these groups the mean age, gender, and the prevalence of underlying diseases were identified and the final outcome for each group was determined after one week from the visit to the hospital. Results: Peripheral vascular disease, history of injection drug use, immunodeficiency and congenital immune deficiency had a significant relationship with the rate of hospitalization and recurrence. There was a significant relationship between class 1 disease and hospitalization for less than 24 hours, classes 2 and 3, and hospitalization for more than 24 hours (P<0.001). There was a significant relationship between grade 1 disease and non-recourse, grade 3 and recurrence within one week after initiation of the treatment (P<0.001). But there was no relationship between grade 2 and grade 4 and the referral of the patient after treatment. Conclusion: Corset Scale is a reliable scale for assessing the severity of the disease to determine the process of cellulite treatment for outpatient or hospitalization.
A study of the factors associated with non-traumatic intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) in patients with chronic systemic hypertension
Authors: Taghizadeh Mozhgan , Foroughian Mahdi , Vakili Hamidreza , Habibzadeh Seyed Reza , Boostani Reza , Morovatdar Negar , Bolvardi Ehsan
Published: July 2020

Objective: Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) following systemic and chronic hypertension is one of the main causes of acute stroke leading to disability and death. Identifying the risk factors in ICH patients can be effective in reducing bleeding and the rates of mortality and disability in these patients. This study was carried out to investigate the factors associated with ICH. Methods: A total of 134 patients with chronic systemic hypertension who had ICH were enrolled in this study. The amount of ICH was measured through computed tomography (CT scan). The subjects were divided into two groups of high (>30 mL) and low (<30 mL) ICH volume, and the related risk factors in the two groups were studied and compared using SPSS software version 21. Results: The mean age of the subjects was 66.04 years, and 71 (52.99%) individuals were females. The mean volume of ICH was 24.47 mL, with 29.10% of the subjects (39 patients) having >30 mL and 70.90% (95 patients) having <30 mL of ICH. The results of studying ICHrelated factors in the multiple logistic regression showed that ischemic heart disease (IHD) (odds ratio [OR] = 2.243, P value <0.05) and cardiovascular disease (OR = 3.294, P value <0.05) were the co-existing diseases that increased the odds of developing ICH. Conclusion: The results of this study showed that less than 30% of the subjects had high volumes of bleeding, and the co-existence of IHD was considered as a strong independent risk factor affecting the volume of ICH associated with worse prognosis.
ROTARY REPLACEMENT OF SAW CHAINS AS A WAY TO INCREASE HARVESTER PRODUCTIVITY
Authors: Savenkov Dmitriy , Savenkova Nadezhda , Derbin Mikhail , Tret'yakov Aleksandr
Published: July 2020

Annually in the North-West of Russia, the percentage of cutting using assorted harvesting technology is increased. As a result, the issue of increasing productivity of forestry machines is becoming increasingly important. One of the key points is the proper maintenance and operation of equipment, in particular a saw of a harvester head. However, the experiments show that the operators of logging machines do not know the rules or, often, neglect the need for proper and timely maintenance of the saw apparatus. The condition of the saw chains and the saw apparatus as a whole is directly reflected in the performance of forestry machines. One way to solve this problem may be to use the method of rotational replacement of saw chains. During the study, a series of field experiments were conducted at a logging enterprise located in the Arkhangelsk region. The aim of the experiment was to determine the most optimal method of using saw chains. It will increase the productivity of multioperational forestry machines. As a result of the study, it was found that the saw chain replacement system currently used in enterprises does not have sufficient efficiency and requires changes. In this paper, we use the method of rotational replacement of saw chains, which, based on practical and theoretical observations, increases the time of clean sawing, the volume of harvested wood on one chain and, accordingly, increases the productivity of the forestry machine. This work, in general, helps increase the efficiency of harvesters, as well as reduce the cost of consumables.
DYNAMICS OF NATURAL SPRUCE AND PINE REGENERATION ON ABANDONED HAYFIELDS
Authors: Ermakova Mariya
Published: July 2020

The study of regeneration features of forest vegetation that has come out of agricultural land is one of the urgent problems of Russia. This article presents the results of studying the spatial and age structure of the natural renewal of abandoned hayfields under the conditions of spruce and pine forests in comparable forest conditions of the Middle Urals. It has been established that, according to the quantitative indicators of settlement for both all and individual tree species, hayfields in the conditions of the pine forest are resumed much more efficiently than hayfields in the conditions of the grass spruce forest. The density of hayfield population of all tree species under conditions of both grass spruce and berrying pine shows a pronounced tendency to decrease with distance from seed sources. When woody vegetation is populated by hayfields under the conditions of grass spruce, the group type of tree distribution is predominant characteristic of both the whole and individual tree species - spruce and birch. Regular type of distribution is typical for the conditions of berrying pine forests, and with active renewal of deciduous group type of settlement, both as a whole and separately for tree species. The first stage of overgrowing of spruce hayfields in the conditions of grass spruce occurs gradually. It starts from about 3-4 years after termination of exposure and lasts for a minimum of 20 years. Intensive settlement of pine begins from 2-3 years, reaching maximum values at 4-5th year after the termination of haying.
THE BASICS OF MEDICAL CARE QUALITY AND SAFETY PROVISION
Authors: Murashko Mikhail , Ivanov Igor , Knyazyuk Nadezhda
Published: July 2020

SUMMARY Current monograph represents and reviews key approaches to creating an effective internal quality and safety control system for an organization, based on patient-oriented approach, process approach, risk management, continuous process improvement and other methods including definition of all applied terms, a number of examples and step by step manuals on executing key measures and events to create and develop a quality control system and local documentation samples. Target audience for this monograph: hospital leadership, including CMO, deputy CMO on quality, head of quality control committee or designated quality control specialist, other medical workers. ABOUT «THE BASICS OF MEDICAL CARE QUALITY AND SAFETY PROVISION» All changes and reforms in healthcare should provide for medical care quality improvement, preservation of life and health of all citizens. Once an abstract word “quality” has its’ own specific meaning today, acquired by means of legislative validation of the term “medical care quality and safety”. Providing healthcare quality and safety is one of the key priorities within the confines of Russian Federation national policy for citizens’ health protection. Current issue represents actual knowledge and practical experience in terms of medical care quality and safety control, continuous medical organization efficiency improvement. Current issue addresses the matters of theoretical and practical aspects of introducing management and internal quality and safety control system in medical care. It also contains the methodological description of Proposals (practical recommendations) of Federal Service for Supervision in the Sphere of Healthcare, developed based on global experience generalization, adapted to Russian specificity, aimed at quality and safety provision. Current issue represents a large number of samples, examples, templates and check-list tables. Data, accumulated in the monograph, allows the reader create a proper system of measures in a medical organization to comply with the order № 381-н of Ministry of Health of Russian Federation «On approving Requirements towards organizing and executing medical care internal quality and safety control». TARGET AUDIENCE Current issue is intended for a wide range of readers, interested in management: for healthcare organization leaders, CMOs and deputy CMOs, deputy CMOs on quality, quality control committee leaders or designated quality control specialists, physicians, nurses, medical academicians and students, and all specialists, interested in medical organizations’ stable development and improvement.
PERBANDINGAN PENGARUH PENGELASAN DENGAN PREHEAT DAN NON PREHEAT PADA LAS SMAW TERHADAP KEKUATAN TARIK DAN KEKERASAN BAJA
Authors: Husni Tarmizi
Published: July 2020

Didalam proses produksi manufaktur, proses pengelasan menjadi proses yang sangat penting dan vital guna merekayasa dan mereparasi logam.  Apabila kualitas yang dihasilkan dalam suatu proses atau pekerjaan pengelasan kurang maksimal tentu akan berpengaruh besar terhadap kualitas pekerjaan, tentunya juga terhadap keselamatan, baik terhadap keselamatan pekerjaan maupun keselamatan terhadap produk yang dihasilkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh proses preheat dan non preheat pengelasan terhadap kekuatan tarik dan kekerasan las SMAW. Dalam penelitian ini bahan yang digunakan berupa baja paduan rendah dengan tipe baja AISI 4340 dengan dimensi 20 mm x 180 mm. Proses preheating dilakukan dengan proses tempering pada suhu 3000C dengan waktu tempuh 1 (satu) jam. Pada pengelasannya dengan menggunakan las jenis SMAW. DC polaritas terbalik yaitu pemegang elektroda dihubungkan dengan kutub positif dan logam induk dihubungkan dengan kutub negatif. Jenis kampuh yang digunakan adalah kampuh V Ganda, dengan sudut 700, elektroda menggunakan E7016 dengan diameter 3,2 mm. Spesimen dilakukan pengujian tarik dan kekerasan. Dari penelitian ini ternyata pada kondisi preheat kekerasan yang didapat lebih rendah dibanding pada kondisi non preheat, sedangkan kekuatan tarik pada kondisi preheat didapat lebih besar dibandingkan pada kondisi non preheat.

 

Kata kunci:  Preheat, pengelasan SMAW, kekuatan tarik, kekerasan, Baja AISI 4340.
Nearly half a century with Ilmeny state reserve, South Urals
Authors: Perchuk A.L.
Published: July 2020

The paper describes the feld training course for students of the Faculty of Geology of Moscow State University, which is being conducted in South Urals since 1972.
THE IMPACT OF HUNGARIAN ON SLOVAK LANGUAGE USE IN BILINGUAL MILIEU
Authors: Tóth Sándor János
Published: July 2020

This paper as an output of the sociolinguistic project EFOP-3.4.3-16-2016-00023 presents the outcomes of a field research of the relationship between language and thought under the impact of contacts of the Hungarian and Slovak language influenced by analogical grammatical transfer. We intend to present the contact of Hungarian and Slovak spoken by bilinguals with the methods of sociolinguistics and cognitive linguistics. The interpretation is based on the theory of the analogy in language, contact and cognitive linguistics. The paper sets out to analyze morphological aspects of the variety and reflects on the relation of language, thought and culture in the two languages by comparing varieties of languages in bilingual milieu.
SEMANTICS OF SPACE IN THE RIDDLES OF KOMI PEOPLE: DWELLING
Authors: Nizovtseva Svetlana Grigorievna
Published: July 2020

Semantics of space is one of the topical topics of modern research. As an essential part of the mythopoietic picture of the world, space often relates to the home/dwelling image. The image of the house and it’s repositions in various folklore genres, rites and traditions were addressed by many researchers. In particular, house/dwelling - as one of the fundamental semanthems in the folklore model of the world is considered by T. V. Civyan on the example of Balkan riddles. Based on this and other research, we will show how the image of the house is realized in the riddles of the people of Komi. The material of the study was the published and unpublished texts of Komi riddles from linguistic collections and archival sources of the mid-19th - the first third of the 20th centuries. Analysis of the texts showed that the house, its elements and related objects form an essential part of the entire body of riddles. The house as an entire object, but more often - at the level of its constituent components - appears both in the part to be enunciated and guessed (denotative), in a large number of texts. The set of these components is in principle universal for most traditions to ask riddles, including for Komi.
THE FINNISH MODEL OF CULTURAL AND EDUCATIONAL SPHERES OF THE FIRST HALF OF THE 18th CENTURY
Authors: Bratchikova Nadezhda Stanislavovna
Published: July 2020

The article deals with the structure of multilingual cultural and educational spheres of Finland in the first half of the XVIII century. The study identifies specific features of the Enlightenment society model. These features originated due to the subordination of Finland to the Kingdom of Sweden, multilingualism in society, common faith and political immaturity of the population. In the description of the social and cultural spheres of Finnish society, the economic situation of each region was taken into account. The study is based on the legislative acts, which regulated the style of life in the society, and life activity of the leading socio-political figures and clerics, who actively tried to arouse the sympathy of those in power to the Finnish people. The article analyses the activity of such supporters of Finnish culture and language as, for example, J. Gezelius the Younger, G. Tuderus, A. Lizelius, priests of the Akrenius family. The paper examines their contribution to the formation of Finnish identity and Finnish culture as a whole. In essence, the work of these very priests and public figures was the forerunner of the fennophilic movement. D. Juslenius is considered to be the father of the movement. The proposed study pays particular attention to the development of the school system in Finland. To establish the Lutheran faith and strengthen the institution of state power, the following actions were made. The state sought to develop a public education system in order to increase the competence of officials and clergy and teach the population literacy. The article describes the difficulties encountered in the implementation of the program to educate the population. The multilingualism of the society at that time was as follows. The majority spoke only Finnish, intellectuals spoke Latin and Swedish, while traders and industrialists communicated in German and other Western European languages. In the first half of the 18th century, the Swedish language became widely used inside the academic community. The reasons for such a transition are presented in the article. The author of the study concludes that during the period under review the language didn’t play a key role in the union of the nation. The main contributors were Lutheran faith and devotion to the Swedish king.
BUDDHIST HERITAGE OF KALINGA (ODISHA STATE, INDIA)
Authors: Erokhin B. R.
Published: July 2020

The interaction between autochthonous, Buddhist and Hindu traditions here is regarded through the historical perspective basing on the material presented in publications of the state’s historical school which describe the archaeological and epigraphic monuments of Odisha. Unlike the “brahminical” approach, which generally dominates the Indian historiography and diminishes the influence of Buddhism on the Indian subcontinent, the studies of the local school provide more attention to this factor forming the regional history. The introduction describes the early period of Kalinga's relationship with Buddhism. The main part of the article is dedicated to the evidence of the overwhelming presence of Buddhist tantric tradition and subsequent gradual adaptation of Buddhist images and symbols in Hinduism. Due attention is paid to the outstanding figures of Buddhism whose lives were connected with Odisha, and to the main archaeological sites of the state. The conclusion generalizes the historical process of assimilation of Buddhist ideas and practices on the Indian subcontinent, which ended in the 13-14 centuries by extinguishing Buddhism over the most part of the subcontinent.
THE NEW IS WHAT HAS BEEN FORGOTTEN (ON THE STUDY AID OF D. M. VOLODIKHIN)
Authors: Khalyavin N. V.
Published: July 2020

This article is devoted to the analysis of the study aid of D. M. Volodikhin “Historiography of Russian History. Outstanding historians of the 18-20th centuries”. Based on his previous publications in 1995 and 1997, the author created a book on Russian historiography for teachers and students of humanitarian faculties, as well as a wide range of readers interested in Russian history. The presentation of the material in this book is based on the biographical principle - the author refers to the lives and scientific activities of individual historians. Analyzing their creativity, he seeks to show the ways of the development of Russian historical science from the 18th to the beginning of the 20th century. However, this format of the training manual has proved outdated and cannot be recognized as successful for teaching a modern student audience. The author's attempts to give his own interpretation of the directions on which the development of national historical science was going were also unsuccessful.
RECEPTION OF GRADUATES OF EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS IN THE CHURCH OF THE TOBOLSK DIOCESE IN THE SECOND HALF OF THE 18TH - THE BEGINNING OF THE 20TH CENTURY
Authors: Spichak A. V.
Published: July 2020

The author considers the issue of employment of graduates of various educational institutions to places of ministry on the example of the Tobolsk diocese - one of the most extensive in the Russian Empire. Information presented in tabular form indicates the necessary level of education required for specific positions. On the basis of a wide range of sources, the procedure for documenting applications from students of seminaries and religious schools for their placement in the church of the Tobolsk diocese is considered. Analysis of archival materials suggests the presence in the second half of the 18th - early 20th centuries an established set of documents required for assigning graduates from various educational institutions to places of ministry. As a result of studying the documents of the Tobolsk Theological Consistory on the admission to the service, the composition of the documentation for the reception of church ministers and clergy was determined. Historically, the issues of documenting labor relations have not been practically studied. The scientific novelty of the article lies in the fact that the Tobolsk Theological Consistory has not yet studied the issue of documentation on the recruitment of graduates of religious schools: it is the first time it is disclosed by the author in a documentary-educational way on the basis of the involved archival sources.
RUSSIAN ADVERSATIVE CONJUNCTION «ZATO» (“BUT”) AND AXIOLOGICAL STYLISTICS (ON THE MATERIAL OF M.A. SHOLOKHOV’S NOVELS)
Authors: Seagal K.Ya.
Published: July 2020

The article focuses on the Russian adversative conjunction «zato» (“but”) as an axiological marker and its stylistically significant use in M.A. Sholokhov’s novels «And quiet flows the Don» and «Virgin soil upturned». The article also puts forward the concept of «axiological stylistics». It is noted that axiological stylistics describes the techniques which facilitate the participation of evaluation linguistic units in the expression of certain expressive intentions. It is shown that in M.A. Sholokhov’s novels «And quiet flows the Don» and «Virgin soil upturned» the adversative conjunction «zato» (“but”) is used as a polysemous function word, and the most productive semantics of compensation involves switching of evaluation both from «-» to «+» and from «+» to «-», although the first evaluation model prevails. Based on this semantics alone, the adversative conjunction «zato» (“but”) participates in the creation of six techniques of axiological stylistics.
MORPHOLOGICAL CORRELATION OPTIONS AND BIOLOGICAL GENDER IN OWN NAMES OF PERSONS
Authors: Novikova E.A.
Published: July 2020

The article discusses the options for correlation of the morphological genus of personal names of individuals and biological sex. The subject of the review is the full proper names of the persons, as well as their formal word-formation modifications used in colloquial speech. The aim of the study is to identify types of correlation of the morphological genus and biological sex of personal names of individuals, as well as their derivative derivatives. As a result of the analysis, the following features were identified: in the main part of both male and female proper names, the morphological gender is consistently correlated with the biological sex, however, the vast majority of modification derivatives (the so-called “diminutive”) male names lose this type of correlation : there is a substitution of the formal indicators of the male morphological gender for the female. Similar “diminutive” lexical-semantic derivatives of female personal names, as a rule, also lose the consistent ratio of gender and gender.
NON LYRICAL AND NON EPICAL DIARY: AT THE BORDER OF GENRES
Authors: Markov A.V.
Published: July 2020

The «from the diary» genre is difficult to study, since the indication of the origin is more significant than formal or substantial features, and the relationship between such an enhanced appeal to the origin and the development of creative design remains unclear. On the example of the use of this genre in the works by O. Sedakova, who designated a number of poetic and prosaic texts in this way, the characteristic of this genre is given as special type of literary reflection, comparable to table-talks (conversations easily), but distinguished by a more strict compositional organization. A comparison of poetic and prose works «from the diary» in the works of O. Sedakova allows to show general compositional principles of this genre, which are determined by the peculiarity of argumentation, and to explain some features of poetics. It is proved that the «from the diary» genre turns out to be a study of how non-semiotic meaning (or sense itself) is possible, not obeying the usual patterns of meaning production, but arising as a gap of experience. This genre is far from fragment or lyrical sketch, but it is, on the contrary, a thoughtful and consistent manifesto of understanding meaning as event, a special philosophy of the event and thing, stemming, inter alia, from the work of the diary organization itself. Thus, this genre, despite the marginality, is highly auto-reflective and should be considered as a productive version of autofiction.
ABOUT THE MEANING OF THEATRE “THE MASTER AND MARGARITA”
Authors: Ivanshina E.A. , Zyatkova V.V.
Published: July 2020

The article deals with the semantic field of the theater in "The master and Margarita", which extends to all novel chronotopes and can be structured as a two-level one. Considering different cases of theatricalization of space and different signs of theatricality in the novel, the authors correlate the real theater (theatre as a historical reality ) and the literary theater (the art of acting ) and actualize the confrontation of literature and historical reality in "The Master and Margarita". The text of the novel is considered as a model of counterculture, from the standpoint of which the author chooses those literary codes from which his own model of theatrical behavior is built. At the same time, special attention is paid to the actualization of the metaphor "theater - court" and the semantics of exposure, and the novel itself is an act of vengeance of the author and the implementation of his inner freedom. As an example of such an artistic concept of the relationship between art and life, the film "Once upon a time... in Hollywood" by Tarantino is considered.
METAMOTIVES OF POWERFUL DEATH IN PROSE OF GAYTO GAZDANOV
Authors: Ivanov E.E.
Published: July 2020

The article analyzes the role of the metamotive of violent death in the poetry poetry of Gazdanov (The Return of the Buddha, The Phantom of Alexander Wolf, The Prisoner). In this case, the motive for the murder is considered in connection with the motive of sleep as a single semantic complex, reflecting the transgression of going beyond the limits of present reality. The Oneirotop in these works not only defines the modes of the impossible (such as the elimination of reality through the narration of the ghost in “Return of the Buddha” or irrealism in “The Ghost of Alexander Wolf”), but also conveys the immanent author’s strategy of “rebirth”. In this article, the gazdanov hero’s intention to gain selfhood is first described in terms of Gurdjieff’s ideas (“man-sleeping machine”, “pluralism of consciousness”, etc.). Gazdanov's literary texts correlate with the provisions of his teaching on the moral transformation of personality. Using traditional methods of continuous sampling, motivational and typological analysis, specific features of the metamotive of violent death were revealed by G. Gazdanov in intertextual coverage. The Gazdanov hero is represented in the anthropological paradigm of F. Schiller-A. Pushkin-F. Dostoevsky, on the one hand, on the other hand, defines his place in the romantic series of “extra people” coming from Adolf Constant. The altered state of consciousness in the form of a fight against sleep, which is observed in all texts and allows us to talk about the metatextuality of the topic of murder in the writer's work, is separately noted. Through the prism of the meta-motive of violent death, a new approach is proposed to understanding G. Gazdanov’s dominant discourse of mortality, which is presented as an intention to “awakening”. The experience of transition in the context of the phantom and likeness of war and emigration totally eliminates historical reality and is assessed as anti-stabilization. At the same time, the unshakable faith of the lyrical hero in “rebirth” manifests vitalism, which turns out to be the paradoxical underside of mortality