bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Relación entre celos patológicos y agresión reactiva-proactiva en población colombiana
Authors: Bravo-Velasco Dora Karina , Díaz-Díaz Amanda Miguel , Lozano-Restrepo Laura Patricia , Zamora-Guerrero Claudia Sofía , Toro Ronald
Published: February 2025

Los cambios en los diferentes niveles sociales y económicos en los últimos años en el periodo pospandemia transformaron la salud física y mental de las personas en el mundo y la población colombiana, entre estos la forma de comportamiento interpersonal. Este estudio buscó determinar la relación entre los celos patológicos y la agresión durante la pandemia de covid-19 en población colombiana. La muestra estuvo compuesta por 174 sujetos (127 mujeres y 46 hombres), con un rango de edad entre 18 y 67 años. Se usó un diseño no experimental descriptivo-correlacional para analizar la asociación entre los celos patológicos y la agresión reactivo-proactiva, medidos con el Cuestionario de Celos Patológicos (CECLA) y el Cuestionario de Agresión Reactiva y Proactiva (RPQ, por sus siglas en inglés). En los resultados, se encontraron celos con percentiles altos y una tendencia media en agresión reactiva y proactiva. En los asociativos, se encontraron correlaciones estadísticamente significativas y altas entre los celos pasionales y la agresión reactiva, así como entre los celos obsesivos y la agresión proactiva, aunque los celos delirantes también tuvieron correlaciones más elevadas con la agresión proactiva. Estos reportes ermitirán comprender en detalle los problemas de parte en futuros estudios sobre celos y agresión.
The efficacy of dietary supplements on health status and performance of football players: a systematic review
Authors: Allahyari Pooneh , Shekari Soheila , Aminnezhad Kavkani Bahareh , Ahmadzadeh Mina , Hassanpour Ardekanizadeh Naeemeh , Saeedirad Zahra , Ghorbani Hesari Mohamadtaghi , Bahar Bojlul , Shafaei Hanieh , Khalatbari Mohseni Golsa , Rastgoo Samira , Torkaman Mahdie , Alhouei Barbod , Doaei Saeid , Esmaeili Mina , Gholamalizadeh Maryam
Published: February 2025

This study aimed to review the efficacy of commonly used supplements on the health status and performance of football players. We searched several databases for relevant publications published in English up to June 2024 using keywords such as nutritional supplementation, performance, football, and football players. The available literature indicated that l-arginine supplements may improve cardiovascular function, ventilation, the serum level of lactate, and maximal oxygen consumption (VO2 Max) of football players. Branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) may improve multiple-choice reaction time. Creatine supplements improve jumping, sprinting, change of direction speed, and reduce fatigue. Among the vitamins, vitamin D improves the serum level of injury-related hormones such as cortisol and testosterone. B vitamins reduce the level of blood lactate in the recovery periods. Vitamin E and vitamin C may improve performance by decreasing oxidative stress and increasing the antioxidant capacity and oxygen delivery to exercising skeletal muscles. Iron supplementation improves endurance capacity. Further studies are warranted to confirm the effects of the supplements on football players, to identify the appropriate dosage of the supplements and also to determine their mechanism of action.
Photonic neural networks at the edge of spatiotemporal chaos in multimode fibers
Authors: Kesgin Bahadır Utku , Teğin Uğur
Published: February 2025

Optical computing has gained significant attention as a potential solution to the growing computational demands of machine learning, particularly for tasks requiring large-scale data processing and high energy efficiency. Optical systems offer promising alternatives to digital neural networks by exploiting light’s parallelism. This study explores a photonic neural network design using spatiotemporal chaos within graded-index multimode fibers to improve machine learning performance. Through numerical simulations and experiments, we show that chaotic light propagation in multimode fibers enhances data classification accuracy across domains, including biomedical imaging, fashion, and satellite geospatial analysis. This chaotic optical approach enables high-dimensional transformations, amplifying data separability and differentiation for greater accuracy. Fine-tuning parameters such as pulse peak power optimizes the reservoir’s chaotic properties, highlighting the need for careful calibration. These findings underscore the potential of chaos-based nonlinear photonic neural networks to advance optical computing in machine learning, paving the way for efficient, scalable architectures.
Cannabis use is associated with a lower likelihood of presence of HIV drug resistance mutations in a retrospective cohort of adults with HIV
Authors: Hale Jonathan F. , Reynolds Shellynea , Kates Heather R. , Palella Roberto D. , Benmassaoud Mohammed M. , Smith Kelly A. , Yu Daohai , Ramirez Servio H. , Andrews Allison M.
Published: February 2025

Objectives

A significant clinical concern in the era of Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) is the increased incidence of HIV Anti-Retroviral Drug Resistance Mutations (ARV-DRM). Previous research has indicated that there is an association between substance use and failed viral suppression, which can lead to ARV-DRM. The goal of this retrospective study was to investigate whether substance use as determined by at least one positive urinalysis screen is associated with increased/decreased odds of having a ARV-DRM.

Methods

This study used firth logistic regression analyses of data retrieved from the National NeuroAIDS Tissue Consortium Data Coordinating Center to examine the relationship between substance use and ARV-DRM. The dataset analyzed 614 participants with the following criteria: HIV+ status, at least one paired plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) viral load measurement, at least one urinalysis of substance use, at least 18 years of age, and analysis of DRM in CSF/Plasma.

Results

Cannabis use was a significant predictor of ARV-DRM and was associated with a lower odds of having ARV-DRM (odds ratio=0.189), after accounting for demographic variables and the interaction between polysubstance use and cannabis use. A significant negative relationship was observed between a cannabis positive test and high viremia (>1,000 copies/mL) but not between a cannabis positive test and CSF Escape (viral load CSF>viral load plasma).

Conclusions

The above results may suggest an immunomodulatory role for cannabis that impacts the propensity for ARV-DRM. These findings could incentivize future research to further investigate effects of cannabis use on the development of HIV ARV-DRM.
Multicriteria-based optimization and multi-variable non-linear regression analysis of concrete containing blends of nano date palm ash and eggshell powder as cementitious materials
Authors: Adamu Musa , Ibrahim Yasser E. , Charpe Anuja U. , Raut Ashwin Narendra
Published: February 2025

The persistence of global concerns regarding the environmental effects of cement production, particularly its significant contribution to CO2 emissions, led to the search for different supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs). Hence, this research utilized date palm ash (DPA) as an SCM to produce concrete. Nano eggshell powder (NESP) was also incorporated as an additive to binder materials in the concrete to hasten the pozzolanic reaction in the concrete. DPA was used to replace between 0 and 40% of the cement by volume, and the NESP was added in dosage between 0 and 4% by weight of binders. Multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) technique was adopted by employing different methods that include MOORA and VIKOR to select the optimal mix proportions containing DPA and NESP. Furthermore, multi-variable non-linear regression (MNLR) analysis was used to develop mathematical models for predicting the concrete’s properties using the proportions of DPA and NESP as the variables. The findings from the MCDM showed that Mix M8 consistently ranked highest across both MOORA and VIKOR analyses, demonstrating superior performance due to optimal incorporation of 40% DPA and 2% NESP. The developed MNLR models attained high accuracy in predicting with good-to-excellent R² values ranging between 0.79 and 0.94 for most properties.
On the finds of provincial Roman fibulae on the territory of Belarus
Authors: Beliavets Vadzim
Published: February 2025

The article presents fibulae of provincial Roman origin from museum collections of the Republic of Belarus. They are relatively few in number and originate primarily from the southwestern regions of the country. The typological series of these fibulae is generally characteristic of similar imports that circulated in Central Europe, various regions of Sarmatian settlement, as well as in the circle of broadly understood Balt cultures. Their general dating covers the entire Early Roman and the beginning of the Late Roman period. Observations on the typology and distribution pattern of imported Roman fibulae contribute to the analysis of the connections of the population of present day Belarus within Barbaricum. Analysis of these finds creates new opportunities for synchronizing the Belarus antiquities from Roman times with the chronology of neighbouring cultures of Central Europe and the Baltic region. It also allows us to change our understanding of the role of the population of Belarus in the formation and distribution of artefacts from the “barbarian enamels” horizon.
A perseguição política na Guiné-Bissau e os desafios para a consolidação dos direitos humanos
Authors: Mango Calido , Strieder Kreuz Débora
Published: February 2025

Democratização em África e, particularmente na Guiné-Bissau, era grande ganho político e humanitário. Esperava-se, a nível dos Direitos Humanos, que fossem asseguradas a dignidade humana, política, militar e na sociedade civil, tendo em vista os antecedentes políticos à democratização eram de censura política e perseguições que geraram catastrofes. O contexto político e social guineense anterior à democracia, evidenciava as marcas negativas no que toca ao respeito aos Direitos Humanos no país. A busca por compreender esse fenômeno a integridade humana, o rumo das impunidades sobre os casos políticos e sociais dos quais os guineenses são reféns, antes e após a democratização, suscitaram o desenvolvimento deste trabalho. Visando analisar o surgimento e papel dos movimentos sociais para a mudança do status quo. Elaborou-se este texto com bases bibliográficas, com revisões textuais e análises dos casos a partir dos conhecimentos empíricos, resultantes de pesquisas anteriores relacionados ao tema.
Guiné-Bissau e o regime multilateral de comércio
Authors: Moreira José , Schimanski Silvana
Published: February 2025

O objetivo geral deste trabalho é contextualizar Guiné Bissau no âmbito do regime multilateral de comércio, institucionalizado pela Organização Mundial de Comércio (OMC).  A adesão do país ao regime multilateral de comércio, prevê sua vinculação ao seu conjunto normativo relacionado à liberalização da política comercial. Os regimes internacionais são compreendidos na literatura de política internacional como um conjunto de princípios, normas, regras e processos de tomada de decisão que orientam o comportamento dos Estados. Por meio da abordagem qualitativa, da análise de conteúdo de fontes primárias e secundárias busca-se responder à seguinte pergunta: qual a situação de Guiné Bissau no âmbito do regime multilateral de Comércio? Apesar da adesão ao conjunto de princípios e normas da OMC, que prevê regras diferenciadas para a implementação dos compromissos assumidos por países menos desenvolvidos, o estudo concluiu que os desafios políticos domésticos impactam aspectos relacionados à política comercial do país.
Efecto del lombricompost sobre el desarrollo de banano Gros Michel (Musa AAA) en invernadero
Authors: Vargas-Sarmiento Frank , Brenes-Gamboa Saúl , Ortiz-Rivera Gaudy M. , Sánchez-Romero Carlos A.
Published: February 2025

Introducción. El cultivo de banano requiere desde su etapa inicial de insumos de buena calidad para su desarrollo y crecimiento, la utilización de plantas in vitro ha tenido un gran auge debido a que las plantas presentan mayor vigor y previene la diseminación de enfermedades en el campo. Estas plantas necesitan de un periodo de aclimatación antes de la siembra definitiva y el uso de sustratos de buena calidad, como el lombricompost, previene la diseminación de enfermedades de suelo, además, fomenta el buen desarrollo lo que podría también ayudar a disminuir costos de producción. Objetivo. Evaluar el efecto del lombricompost sobre el crecimiento y desarrollo de plantas de banano cv Gros Michel (Musa AAA) en etapa de vivero. Materiales y métodos. En la Sede del Atlántico de la Universidad de Costa Rica ubicada en Turrialba, Costa Rica, entre julio y setiembre de 2022, se prepararon sustratos con dos tipos de lombricompost (anticipado y postergado) en dosis de 0 %, 10 %, 25 % y 30 %; luego, se sembraron plantas in vitro de banano Gros Michel (Musa AAA) en fase IV. Se evaluaron cada dos semanas: la altura de planta, área foliar, número de hojas, emisión foliar y diámetro de pseudotallo, sumado a esto, se analizó, al inicio y al final del ensayo el diámetro del cormo y la biomasa fresca y seca. Resultados. El lombricompost resultó beneficioso a la menor dosis probada (10 % A y 10 % P), y en ausencia de este (0 %), las plantas presentaron el menor desarrollo. En las dosis más altas (30 % P) se observó un efecto fitotóxico. Conclusión. El lombricompost estimuló el crecimiento de las plantas de banano con base en las variables fisiológicas evaluadas con respecto al tratamiento sin lombricompost.
Age, sex and adiposity correlates of physical fitness in Costa Rican police academy cadets
Authors: Cervantes-Sanabria Jorge , Camacho-Sánchez Gerald , Hernández-Elizondo Jessenia , Carazo-Vargas Pedro , Brazo-Sayavera Javier , Castillo-Hernández Isaura M. , Salicetti-Fonseca Alejandro
Published: February 2025

This study had the following objectives: (i) to characterize pre-academy physical fitness, (ii) to analyze differences by age and sex, and (iii) to examine the associations between body fat percentage (BC%) and physical fitness in Costa Rican police cadets. A total of 393 cadets participated (age = 24.98 ± 4.65 years, weight = 72.78 ± 12.39 kg, height = 1.70 ± 0.09 m). Data were stratified into groups of 20-29 and 30-39 years and analyzed by sex and BC%. The tests were performed between 1 and 3 weeks during the basic training, evaluating body composition, grip strength, flexibility (S&R), vertical jump (VJ), agility (Illinois test), speed (30 m), anaerobic (300 m) and aerobic (2.4 km) capacity. Physical fitness varied by sex (p < 0.05), except for BMI and S&R. In men, each 1% increase in body fat (%) was associated with a loss of +0.034 s in agility (p = 0.004), +0.025 s in 30 m-sprint (p = 0.000), -0.20 kg, and -0.19 kg in grip strength (p = 0.010; p = 0.021), -0.64 cm in VJ (CMJ, p = 0.000), and -0.36 ml∙kg-1∙min-1 in VO2 max (p = 0.000). In women, it was associated with a loss of agility (+0.089 seconds, p = 0.000), VJ (CMJ = -0.39 cm, p = 0.000), 30 m sprint (+0.046 seconds, p = 0.000), 300 m sprint (+1.02 seconds; p = 0.000) and VO2 max (-0.33 ml∙kg-1∙min-1, p = 0.000). The police cadets showed a suboptimal initial physical condition. Age, sex, and body fat (%) are key factors that affect their performance.
Gender labor income gaps in Costa Rica
Authors: Saldarriaga Camilo , Sánchez-Torres Roberto Mauricio , Muñoz-Ávila Josefina
Published: February 2025

Women have lower average labor income than men around the world, despite having more years of education. In developing countries, this situation is often even worse. Women not only face wage gaps compared to men who have the same productivity and the same job, but they also face disadvantages regarding the type and conditions of employment, job stability, unemployment rates, and their caregiving burden. This research analyzes the differences in labor incomes by gender and informality in Costa Rica. To do so, we use the Encuesta Continua de Empleo (ECE) from the first quarter of 2023 to estimate various statistical and econometric methodologies. The analysis is conducted by estimating three econometric methodologies: Mincer's equations, the Oaxaca-Blinder decomposition, and Mincer's equation considering the semi-parametric quantile regression estimation.
A two-level overlapping Schwarz preconditioner for discontinuous Galerkin methods
Authors: Calvo Juan G. , Solano Moisés
Published: February 2025

This article introduces a two-level overlapping additive Schwarz algorithm tailored for solving elliptic problems discretized with the symmetric interior penalty discontinuous Galerkin method. The proposed algorithm allows for the use of irregular subdomains, overcoming limitations of other approaches where the coarse mesh was based on triangular elements. Additionally, we provide a brief description of the numerical implementation of the Galerkin method. We present numerical results validating the relevance of our algorithm, including cases where the coefficient of the differential equation is discontinuous—a feature that is particularly relevant to various practical applications.
TOXICITY OF AQUEOUS CRUDE FRUIT EXTRACT OF GUM ARABIC TREE (ACACIA NILOTICA) ON THE BIOCHEMICAL CHANGES OF AFRICAN CATFISH (CLARIAS GARIEPINUS) JUVENILES
Authors:   Department of Zoology, Fisheries & Hydrobiology Unit, University of Jos, Nigeria., DAMSHIT M.J. , AUDU B.S. ,   Department of Zoology, Fisheries & Hydrobiology Unit, University of Jos, Nigeria., WADE J.W. ,   Department of Zoology, Fisheries & Hydrobiology Unit, University of Jos, Nigeria.
Published: February 2025

Water pollution is one of the most dangerous environmental threats affecting aquatic biota. The impacts of aquatic pollution have become a matter of great concern. Acacia nilotica fruit extract is used for tanning animal skin in leather production. This study was carried out to determine the acute toxicity of the aqueous crude fruit extract of Acacia nilotica on the juveniles of Clarias gariepinus under Laboratory conditions in 96 hours static non-renewable bioassay.
Ten (10) C. gariepinus juveniles were stocked in each of the six (6) circular tanks, each duplicate replicated. After a range finding test was conducted, fish were exposed to acute concentrations of 0.30, 0.25, 0.20, 0.15, and 0.10g/L while 0.00g/L served as the control. Fish mortalities increased as the toxicant concentrations increased throughout the exposure period and the lowest and highest concentrations (0.10 and 0.30 g/L) recorded 20 and 100% mortalities respectively. However, no mortality was recorded in the control tank (0.00g/L). The 96hrs-LC50 of the experimental fish was determined graphically to be 0.18g/L with the lower and the upper confidence limits of 0.14 and 0.22g/L respectively.

Results of the water quality parameters monitored varied significantly (P<0.05). Free Carbon dioxide, Nitrite, Ammonia, Hardness and Temperature all increased as the toxicant concentrations increased. Similarly, the biochemical parameters of the exposed fish varied significantly (P<0.05). The activities of the Alkaline phosphatase, Aspartate amino transaminase, Alanine amino transaminase, Total protein, Total bilirubin, Direct bilirubin, Urea, Creatinine, Cholesterol and Glucose in the Gill, Liver and serum revealed significant differences (P<0.05) compared to the control group.

This study revealed that the crude fruit extract of A. nilotica is toxic to C. gariepinus juveniles at various concentrations and the result showed that the 96hrs-LC50 concentration resulted to abnormal levels of enzymes compared to the control which could have been responsible for the high mortalities observed causing great concern for fish survival. Therefore, the use of A. nilotica in water bodies could lead to alteration of aquatic ecosystem by causing changes in the biochemical and general well being of fish and other aquatic fauna.
Między fenomenologią a religijną metafizyką: poznanie i piękno w myśli Simone Weil
Authors: Stanekzai Ilias
Published: February 2025

Celem niniejszego artykułu jest prezentacja filozoficznych fundamentów myśli Simone Weil poprzez analizę jej tekstów poświęconych pojęciom oderwania, wartości i „czytania”. Mimo że znajdujemy w tych tekstach raczej szkic i wstępny zarys niż spójną teorię filozoficzną, czytane razem stanowią całość i rzucają światło na problem poznania ludzkiego i sensu filozofii. Ukazana została ciągłość pomiędzy refleksją filozoficzną, inspirowaną Kantem i Alainem a religijnym wymiarem myśli Weil, w którym ważną rolę odgrywa piękno świata rozumiane jako akceptacja konieczności, która tym światem rządzi.
Ojkofobia, postmodernizm i konserwatyzm wobec zmian kulturowych i religijnych. Kilka refleksji w oparciu o myśl Rogera Scrutona
Authors: Duk Andrzej
Published: February 2025

Poszukiwania wszelkich nowych rozwiązań w życiu indywidualnym, społecznym, a nawet religijnym stanowią dziś niezwykle częste zjawiska. W sposób oczywisty rodzą się zatem nowe sposoby myślenia i postawy z nich wypływające, dotyczące każdej dziedziny naszego życia. Na szczególną uwagę powinny zasługiwać te z nich, które pod pozorem naturalnie zmieniającego się świata próbują administracyjnie i autorytarnie kruszyć zastane schematy myślenia i działania osób oraz narodów, a które klasycznie można określić mianem konserwatywnych. Zarówno pojawienie się tez postmodernistycznych, jak i postawy ojkofobiczne (termin utworzony przez brytyjskiego filozofa Rogera Scrutona) należy zaliczyć do tych typów myślenia i działania, które próbują odgórnie zmieniać rzeczywistość. Jednak, jak wynika, między innymi z ewolucyjnie pojmowanej myśli konserwatywnej, wszelkie zmiany wprowadzane w taki sposób nie przyczyniają się do prawdziwego postępu jednostek i narodów. Pojawia się za to chaos i niezrozumienie. Analizy porównawcze przeprowadzone w niniejszym artykule próbują ukazać niektóre niepokonywalne różnice pomiędzy złudnym pragnieniem szybkich i dogłębnych zmian a prawdziwym, czyli ewolucyjnym rozwojem. Wskazują także na, często dziś zapominane, obiektywne i trwałe fundamenty naszego życia osobistego, społecznego, narodowego oraz religijnego.
Krótki traktat o wierchowaniu. Przyczynek do filozofii gór Józefa Tischnera
Authors: Sierotowicz Tadeusz
Published: February 2025

Artykuł traktuje o „wierchowaniu”, czyli chodzeniu po górskich szczytach (wierchach). Ten ostatni, „locus ad quem” wspinaczki, symbol o wielorakim znaczeniu, jest widziany jako metafora o podwójnej wymowie: eschatologicznej i poznawczej. Interpretację metafory szczytu poprzedza refleksja dotycząca sposobu, w jaki konkretyzuje się myślenie właściwe filozofii gór. Zejściu z gór poświęcono  podsumowanie.
Artificial intelligence: asking about its ontological status
Authors: Hołub Grzegorz
Published: February 2025

The article deals with the ontological status of AI. Is this a person or a thing or maybe an entity between the human and material worlds? The concept of borderline person is considered as to a possible conceptual place to adopt AI and its future realizations. The concept of the borderline person was originally coined in bioethical research with an application to higher animals. In the post-Lockean understanding of the person the borderline person is an inclusive term and it leads to treating AI as if it were a person. In the post-Boethian philosophy of the human person, the borderline person has a negative character and acts as an excluding term; it maintains AI and all its incarnations as a highly developed tool, which maybe reaches the borders of the human world but never enters it. Practical predictions about the applicability of AI suggest that the latter approach is more appropriate.
Stosunek Empedoklesa do Parmenidesa
Authors: Gródek Wojciech Kleofas
Published: February 2025

Artykuł jest próbą wyjaśnienia, w jakim stopniu Empedokles mógł w swoich poglądach dotyczących natury rzeczywistości i jej porządku naśladować sposób myślenia Parmenidesa. Z analiz dotyczących założeń obu myślicieli wynika, że celem Parmenidesa było wykazanie jakie konsekwencje wynikają z przyjęcia jedynej drogi, że jest (ὡς ἔστιν). Empedokles natomiast podejmuje problem przechodzenia z jednego (ἐξ ἑνός) do wielości (πλέονα) i z wielości (ἐκ πλεόνων) do jednego (ἕν). W uzyskaniu jasnego ujęcia doznawanej rzeczywistości Empedokles stosował reguły wynikające z myślenia bycia ustalone przez Parmenidesa. Przyjmując ten sposób interpretacji została podjęta próba ponownej analizy tych aspektów teorii Empedoklesa, których treść jest uważana za nawiązującą do poglądów Parmenidesa. Pierwszym nawiązaniem Empedoklesa do Parmenidesa jest teoria przyjaźni (Φιλότης), która miałaby odpowiadać tezie Parmenidesa o Erosie jako początku (ἀρχήν) całości (τοῦ παντός). Natomiast obszar opanowany przez impuls Przyjaźni jest określany przez Empedoklesa jako Σφαῖρος. Zastosowanie terminu Σφαῖρος do obszaru wyznaczonego przez Przyjaźń, która jest równa długością i szerokością, może nawiązywać do tezy Parmenidesa opisującej granice będącego, które są podobne do pięknie zaokrąglonej kuli (σφαίρης) ze środka wszędzie równej. Ogólnie przyjmuje się również, że Empedokles akceptował twierdzenie Parmenidesa, że nic (οὐδέν) nie może powstać z niczego (ἐκ μηδενός), które w takiej formie jest jednak obecne tylko u Melissosa. Jest prawdopodobne, że Empedokles pisząc o niepowstałych elementach odnosi się do tez Parmenidesa dotyczących światła i nocy, zamieszczonych w ramach mowy dotyczącej zwodniczego porządku.
Comparative Study of Adaptive Learning Platforms: A Machine Learning Perspective
Authors:   Solution Architect, TCS-USA, Palakurti Naga Ramesh
Published: February 2025

Adaptive learning platforms have revolutionized education by offering personalized learning experiences tailored to individual student needs. This study evaluates various adaptive learning systems using machine learning algorithms to understand their efficacy in different educational contexts. The research highlights the comparative performance of these systems based on adaptability, algorithmic efficiency, scalability, and user engagement. Key insights into integrating advanced machine learning techniques such as neural networks, clustering algorithms, and reinforcement learning to enhance adaptive learning systems are discussed.
China-Africa (Nigeria) Trade Relations: Navigating Opportunities and Challenges for Sustainable Development
Authors:   Department of International Development, Community and Environment, Clark University, Worcester, MA, USA, Garba Zuaira Abdullahi
Published: February 2025

This study examines the evolving trade relations between China and Nigeria within the broader
framework of China-Africa partnerships, exploring their potential as drivers of sustainable development. With China’s
trade and investment in Nigeria growing rapidly, this relationship offers significant opportunities but also raises
challenges related to environmental sustainability, labor rights, and corporate social responsibility. Using a mixedmethods approach grounded in Dependency theory, the research gathered data through 204 questionnaires to assess the
perceptions of stakeholders. Findings reveal areas for improvement, such as weak adherence to environmental
regulations by Chinese enterprises and the displacement of local industries. However, the partnership also provides
opportunities for knowledge transfer, capacity building, and economic growth if managed collaboratively. The study
underscores the importance of fostering equitable practices, enhancing local industry support, and encouraging
compliance with ethical standards. By addressing these challenges, the China-Nigeria trade relationship can transition
into a model for mutual prosperity and sustainable development.
The set of PCR-based laboratory methods for molecular diagnostics in oncology
Authors: Dribnokhodova Olga P. , Mironov Konstantin O. , Pozdysheva Elena A. , Vinokurov Michail A. , Korchagin Vitaly I. , Akimkin Vasily G.
Published: February 2025

The development of accessible and sensitive methods for mutations analysis leading to tumor and for evaluation of patients’ individual genetic characteristics is essential for molecular genetic studies both in clinical and epidemiological research. The Central Research Institute of Epidemiology has developed a set of techniques for the qualitative detection of germinal mutations and single nucleotide polymorphisms, as well as for the quantification of the mutant alleles of somatic mutations using pyrosequencing and real-time PCR. The methods allow identifying the most common mutations in the Russian Federation in the BRCA1, BRCA2, NBN, and CHEK2 genes, responsible for hereditary tumor syndromes, and polymorphisms in the TTC34, MIR146A, CYP1A1, MICA, PAX8, MTHFR, HLA-DQB1, and HLA-DQA1 genes associated with an increased risk of cervical cancer, and in genes involved in drug biotransformation. Quantitative methods are designed to determine somatic mutations in the BRAF, KRAS, HRAS, NRAS, JAK2, MPL and CALR genes in the solid tumors and in hematology. The developed set of scientific and diagnostic techniques is being employed for analysis of genetic polymorphisms and mutations in Russian population. Some of the techniques are available as reagent kits and are used in practice.
To the 70th anniversary of Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences Yuri V. Belov
Authors: Reshetov Igor V. , Usoltseva Natalia I.
Published: February 2025

On September 5, 2024, Yuri Vladimirovich Belov, an outstanding scientist and the largest world-renowned specialist in the field of cardiovascular surgery, winner of the State Prize of the Russian Federation and the Prize of the Government of the Russian Federation in the field of science and technology, Honored Scientist of the Russian Federation, Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences, turned 70 years old.
To the 75th anniversary of Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences Vladimir G. Polyakov
Authors: Reshetov Igor V. , Usoltseva Natalia I.
Published: February 2025

On September 14, 2024, an outstanding scientist in the field of pediatric oncology, Honored Healthcare Worker of the Russian Federation, head of the Department of Pediatric Oncology named after Academician L.A. Durnov, Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of the Russian Ministry of Health, Advisor to the Director of the L.A. Durnov Research Institute of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology of the Federal State Budgetary Institution “National Medical Research Center of Oncology named after N.N. Blokhina” Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor, Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences Vladimir Georgievich Polyakov.
Manganese- and bismuth-containing phosphors based on MMeBO3 (M = Li, Na, K; Me = Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Zn) for white LEDs
Authors: Khamaganova Tatiana , Logvinova Alexsandra
Published: February 2025

White light-emitting diodes (LEDs) are a new generation of light sources that are used in solid-state lighting and information display devices. They generate less thermal radiation than incandescent and fluorescent lamps. Phosphor light-emiting diodes (PC-LEDs), which are based on this technology, have high luminous efficiency and energy efficiency; they are compact and havу a long service life. LED materials are subject to such requirements asenvironmental friendliness, transparency of the radiation source used in the excitation process, and color rendering efficiency. For use in LEDs, it is necessary to investigate optical properties of inorganic materials that are doped not only with rare earth elements (due to their high cost) but also with transition metal ions such as Mn2+. This review summarizes and analyses information on the synthesis, structure, and photoluminescent properties of borates MMeBO3, where M = Li, Na, K; Me = Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Zn doped with Mn2+ and Bi3+ and co-doped with rare earth metals (Ce3+, Eu3+). Impurity ions of activators, when introduced into a compound's lattice, become the main luminescent centers of phosphors. Processes of energy transfer from the sensitizer to the activator and their mechanisms are discussed. The dependence on the size and morphology of particles of the materials' luminescence efficiency is discussed. The possibility of using borates as matrices for phosphors emitting red light is shown, along with their tunable luminescence for use in white LEDs and autoemission displays.
Two-dimensional negative thermal expansion and ionic conductivity of a new glaserite-like ternary molybdate KZn0.5Hf0.5(MoO4)2
Authors: Kovtunets Evgeniy , Tushinova Yunna , Spiridonova Tatyana , Bazarova Tsyrendyzhit , Logvinova Alexandra , Bogdanov Alexandr , Bazarov Bair
Published: February 2025

A new glaserite-like ternary molybdate KZn0.5Hf0.5(MoO4)2 was obtained through a solid-state reaction, and its structure was refined using the Rietveld method. It was found that the compound crystallizes in the trigonal space group P m1 and melts at 656 °C with decomposition. At elevated temperatures, the compound exhibited significant ionic conductivity, reaching 0.39·10–3S/cm at 570 °C with an activation energy Еа = 1.0 eV, with oxygen ions as the probable charge carriers. The infrared spectrum simulated using DFT showed good agreement with experimental data, containing characteristic stretching modes of the MoO4 tetrahedra. The observed negative thermal expansion in the ab plane did not result in a reduction in the volume of the unit cell, with αV = 98∙10–6 °С–1 at 500 °С, indicating that KZn0.5Hf0.5(MoO4)2 can be classified as a material with high thermal expansion properties.
Internacionalização da economia ou desenvolvimento endógeno? Os lances da crise no Brasil
Authors: SACHS IGNACY
Published: February 2025

RESUMO Como saída para a crise do endividamento, os economistas do Banco Mundial e do FMI têm defendido a tese do desenvolvimento voltado para o exterior. O grau de abertura da economia e a dinâmica do comércio exterior foram promovidos ao nível de verdadeiros indicadores de desenvolvimento sem preocupação com os custos sociais e ecológicos das exportações. A inadequação desta estratégia para os países do terceiro mundo, a viabilidade de uma moratória e as vantagens de um crescimento introvertido, principalmente no caso brasileiro, são analisadas neste artigo. Também são enfocados alguns obstáculos que o Brasil enfrentará na retomada do crescimento econômico.
Política administrativa de controle da inflação
Authors: BRESSER-PEREIRA LUIZ CARLOS , NAKANO YOSHIAKI
Published: February 2025

RESUMO Após resumir um modelo de inflação autônoma ou administrada apresentado em outro artigo, os autores analisam as políticas keynesiana e monetarista de controle da inflação. Por fim, discutem longamente uma política alternativa de estabilização de preços - uma política administrativa - baseada no controlo de preços e na desindexação programada, associada a um crescimento moderado da economia e seguida de ajustamento monetário e fiscal.
Crise financeira internacional e transferência de recursos reais
Authors: BATISTA JR. PAULO NOGUEIRA
Published: February 2025

RESUMO A crise financeira da década de 1980 expôs a vulnerabilidade do sistema internacional de empréstimos em vigor desde a década de 1970. Este artigo analisa esse sistema, o papel dos bancos comerciais internacionais e as perspectivas para a economia brasileira.
A crise econômica e o flagelo do desemprego
Authors: SERRA JOSÉ
Published: February 2025

RESUMO Em sua primeira parte este artigo apresenta uma descrição detalhada das principais características da atual crise econômica brasileira, com foco em seus efeitos sobre a produção industrial, sobre o investimento e sobre o emprego. Após, a questão do desemprego é analisada detalhadamente, incluindo a discussão dos vários tipos de desemprego existentes, a forma como eles se desenvolvem no Brasil, o agravamento do problema do desemprego a partir de 1981 e, por fim, o autor apresenta as perspectivas para os próximos anos. . José Serra conclui finalmente que há necessidade de uma mudança profunda na política económica e mostra os principais aspectos de uma estratégia económica que irá favorecer a redução dos níveis de desemprego.
A inflação (brasileira) segundo Marx
Authors: GUIMARÃES ALBERTO PASSOS
Published: February 2025

RESUMO Não são os preços que variam de acordo com a quantidade de dinheiro em circulação; é antes a quantidade de dinheiro em circulação que varia de acordo com a variação da soma dos preços. Não é o aumento dos lucros que causa o aumento dos preços. Pelo contrário, é a subida dos preços, produzindo desvalorizações da moeda, que provoca em consequência perdas do poder aquisitivo de lucros. Quando ocorrerem aumentos na soma dos preços, quaisquer que sejam as suas origens, teremos uma das seguintes consequências inevitáveis: por um lado, a mesma quantidade de mercadorias é então trocada por uma quantidade maior de dinheiro; por outro lado, a mesma quantidade de dinheiro compra uma quantidade menor de mercadorias. Isto acontece tanto nas relações comerciais internas como nas relações comerciais internacionais de cada país. Em ambos os casos, o principal facto a salientar é a redução do poder aquisitivo do dinheiro. Esta redução pode ser produzida quer espontaneamente, pela ação das forças do mercado, quer como resultado - como no caso das alterações da taxa de câmbio - pela intervenção da autoridade governamental. Portanto, segundo Marx, ao contrário das diferentes teorias sustentadas pela “economia vulgar”, o fenômeno inflacionário começa com a depreciação da moeda, das quais são consequências ou subsequências, os aumentos de preços e a redução do poder aquisitivo de lucros. A inflação brasileira nas décadas de 70 e 80 foi seriamente agravada pela crise cíclica mundial, pela superprodução de capital nos países ricos, pelas importações de capital excedente através de empréstimos bancários e pela anarquia monetária que deslocou os investimentos dos setores produtivos, desviando-os para os setores não produtivos.
Uma nota sobre a tendência secular à queda na taxa de lucro em Ricardo
Authors: NICOL ROBERT
Published: February 2025

RESUMO O autor analisa a proposição de Ricardo de que para uma economia de uma única mercadoria (uma economia produtora de milho) na presença de uma população crescente e de rendimentos decrescentes na agricultura haveria uma tendência à queda da taxa de lucros. Depois de mostrar que para uma economia de uma única mercadoria a proposição de Ricardo e a demonstração que ele forneceu para a sua proposição estão corretas, o autor analisa o que aconteceria numa economia de dois setores, ou seja, uma economia com uma agricultura estagnada e uma economia industrial (ou, talvez, um setor comercial) sujeito ao progresso tecnológico. Com o auxílio de um modelo do tipo Sraffa mostra-se que a proposição de Ricardo está correta mesmo neste caso, ou seja, numa economia fechada onde a agricultura não está sujeita ao progresso tecnológico, mesmo que a economia tenha outros setores onde há ganhos de produtividade, uma população crescente leva a uma queda na taxa de lucros e, eventualmente, à estagnação da economia.
Economia mista e jurisdição do Estado: para uma teoria da intervenção do Estado na Economia
Authors: VILLARREAL RENÉ
Published: February 2025

RESUMO Este artigo apresenta a discussão da intervenção estatal na economia, registrando as concepções atuais do pensamento econômico. Discute-se a visão do papel do Estado nas diferentes doutrinas econômicas: a doutrina clássica, a doutrina marxista, a doutrina keynesiana, o estruturalismo da doutrina CEPAL (Missão Econômica para a América Latina) e a doutrina monetarista liberal. Em seguida, conclui que a crise contemporânea reivindica o aparecimento de um novo paradigma que terá de se desenvolver através do neoestruturalismo, do pós-keynesianismo e da síntese da política económica, para constituir uma verdadeira revolução científica.
Notas sobre a evolução da carga tributária
Authors: LONGO CARLOS A.
Published: February 2025

RESUMO Este artigo compila estatísticas da receita tributária no Brasil e no exterior com o objetivo de compreender o imposto de renda e sua relevância como fonte de financiamento federal. A principal conclusão é como o imposto de renda é uma fonte menor de receita para o Estado brasileiro
Associação entre insegurança alimentar e desenvolvimento infantil aos 18 meses do lactente na zona urbana de Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil
Authors: Ávila Caroline Nickel , Trettim Jéssica Puchalski , Rubin Bárbara Borges , Scholl Carolina Coelho , Coelho Fernanda Teixeira , Matos Mariana Bonati de , Motta Janaína Vieira dos Santos , Pinheiro Ricardo Tavares , Quevedo Luciana de Avila
Published: February 2025

Resumo: O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a associação entre a insegurança alimentar domiciliar e o desenvolvimento infantil aos 18 meses na cidade de Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Realizou-se estudo longitudinal com uma amostra de base populacional de 465 mães e lactentes. Os desenvolvimentos cognitivo, motor, socioemocional e de linguagem dos lactentes foram avaliados através da terceira edição da Escala Bayley do Desenvolvimento do Bebê e da Criança Pequena. A insegurança alimentar foi mensurada por meio da Escala Brasileira de Insegurança Alimentar que classifica os domicílios em segurança alimentar ou insegurança alimentar leve, moderada ou grave. Os resultados mostraram que, após análise ajustada, apenas os desenvolvimentos motor e socioemocional sofreram efeito da insegurança alimentar aos 18 meses. A cada aumento do nível de insegurança alimentar, o escore de desenvolvimento motor diminuiu, em média, 2,30 pontos (IC95%: -4,31; -0,48) aos 18 meses de idade. Similarmente, a cada aumento do nível de insegurança alimentar, o escore de desenvolvimento socioemocional decresceu, em média, 4,05 pontos (IC95%: -7,34; -0,76). Os resultados evidenciam, portanto, que a insegurança alimentar foi associada a menores desenvolvimentos motor e socioemocional aos 18 meses do lactente, enfatizando a importância do direito à alimentação adequada e da existência de ambientes que forneçam experiências estimulantes para o desenvolvimento infantil.
The simple rules of crises and uncertainty in Latin America and what to do about them
Authors: Lehmann Kai Enno
Published: February 2025

Abstract English Latin America is trapped in a state of permanent crisis, whether it be social, political or economic. Its propensity to crises is a serious drag on economic growth and the overall quality of life for hundreds of millions of people. Using the conceptual framework of complexity and Human Systems Dynamics - and Brazil as a case study- this paper asks what the key factors are which keep patterns of conditions which lead to, and sustain, crises in place despite considerable political and financial efforts to change them by national governments and the international community. It asks what does the permanent uncertainty this brings mean for the development of region and what, in practical political terms, can be done about it.
Evaluation of the antimicrobial potential of extracts Myrciaria cauliflora in strains of Staphylococcus aureus ATCC and Staphylococcus aureus BLAC
Authors: Oliveira I. M. M. , Teófilo M. N. Gu. , Siqueira M. A. C. , Manso J. A. X. , Oliveira M. G. , Blanch G. T. , Paula J. R. , Cardoso A. M. , Oliveira M. A. P. , Borges L. L. , Gomes C. M.
Published: February 2025

Abstract Bacteria of medical interest have increasingly acquired resistance to available antimicrobials over the years. This resistance makes these microorganisms a challenge for conventional medicine treatments, and new research is focusing on herbal medicine to fight these pathogens. The present work aimed to evaluate the cytotoxic activity of Myrciaria cauliflora and Genipa americana extracts, considering an in vitro bacterial inhibition, using a modified antibiogram technique, the extracts were studied in strains of Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213 and Staphylococcus aureus BLAC, where inhibition was observed in the two strains studied by the extract. This study observed that the M. cauliflora bark extract has antimicrobial potential when tested in vitro on S. aureus ATCC 29213 and S. aureus BLAC strains, indicating it is a potential herbal medicine for infections by this pathogen.
Social movements and public policies: advances and setbacks in the construction of health rights
Authors: Rosa Hevelyn , Cabral Cristiane da Silva
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT This article analyzes how different configurations of the relationship between the state and social movements have produced different public policies on women’s health since the turn of the 21st century. Over the last four decades, various sectors of society have worked to develop and expand citizenship rights. Among these groups are the feminist movements, which have combined the struggles for the right to health and for democracy, building practices that affirm articulation with the state to influence the formulation of public policies grounded on human rights. Based on documentary research from an anthropological perspective, the documents and contexts in which the main national public policies on women’s health have been enacted since 2000 are analyzed. It argues that a systematic dialogue between social movements and government representatives, through popular participation in the formulation of public policies, can result in proposals that are more in line with collective demands in the field of women’s health, even if these achievements are subject to partisan influence and conservatism. This approach makes visible a process of mutual construction between gender and the state, which simultaneously makes it possible to influence the political-institutional scenario, redefine political-social agendas and operate a critical watch on government practices.
Mechanisms and effects of sunlight exposure on disperse-dyed aromatic polysulfonamide fibers
Authors: Yang Yu , Xia Honghui , Lv Xiaojing , Xia Yahui , Mahmud Sakil , Cao Genyang
Published: February 2025

This study explores the sunlight resistance of polysulfonamide (PSA) fabrics dyed with dispersed dyes through a high-temperature, high-pressure carrier dyeing method. PSA fibers, valued for their thermal stability and chemical resistance, exhibit low light fastness under ultraviolet (UV) exposure. The UV absorption, color fastness, and degradation of PSA fabrics dyed with Disperse Red 60 (DR), Disperse Blue 56 (DB), and Disperse Violet 26 (DV) were analyzed. UV–visible spectroscopy showed that PSA/DB had the highest UV absorption and photostability, followed by PSA/DV and PSA/DR. The electron spin resonance analysis confirmed a higher concentration of free radicals in PSA/DB, indicating enhanced UV absorption. Although UV protection improved, light fastness across all dyed PSA fabrics remained low, with notable photofading in sunlight-exposed samples. Mechanical tests and scanning electron microscopy revealed that PSA/DB displayed better resistance to UV-induced degradation, maintaining greater strength and showing less surface damage compared with PSA/DR and PSA/DV. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy showed that disperse dyes helped mitigate amide bond degradation in PSA fibers. This study highlights the importance of dye selection in improving UV resistance and durability for PSA fabrics in applications requiring prolonged sun exposure.
Choosing the optimal surgical method for duodenal ulcer complicated by bleeding
Authors: Genrikh S.R. , Durleshter V.M. , Kalachev A.G. , Bedanokov K.M.
Published: February 2025

The treatment tactics for gastrointestinal bleeding (GIB), recommended by surgical societies, involve a certain sequence of actions taking into account the capabilities of the clinical institution. A mandatory requirement for all levels of care is the stabilization of post-hemorrhagic disorders and stopping bleeding by any available means. A mandatory requirement for all levels of care is the stabilization of post-hemorrhagic disorders and stopping bleeding by any available means. A clinical case of treatment of a patient with duodenal ulcer complicated by recurrent bleeding is presented. Taking into account morbid obesity, the indications for the endoscopic method of stopping recurrent bleeding against the background of adequate replacement therapy have been expanded. An analysis of the selected treatment tactics for complicated peptic ulcer was carried out.