bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Improving the Investment Policy of Countries with a Transit Economy: the Experience of Kazakhstan
Authors: Aubakirova G. M. , Mazhitova S. K. , Isatayeva F. M. , Tomashinova A. E.
Published: January 2022

The relevance of the study is determined by fact that Kazakhstan faces difficult tasks to ensure sustainable economic growth, the solution largely depends on investment policy. Since the key feature of the country’s economy is a high level of technological heterogeneity, new industrial policy, implemented in the country since 2010, is designed to eliminate the technological backwardness of industries, ensure the renewal of capital, and create new points of innovation and investment growth. The purpose of the article is to identify the main problems of the investment policy of Kazakhstan, based on the analysis of its generalized indicators, and to formulate the directions for its improvement in the medium term. Following global trends, Kazakhstan is entering the stage of the fourth energy transition to the use of renewable energy sources. However, the continued dependence of the country’s economy on energy leads to the fact that the decline in prices for raw materials in the world markets reduces the competitive position of mining enterprises in the world market. In light of the above and given that the field of renewable energy sources will become the most attractive investment area in the foreseeable future, the authors emphasize the importance of structural measures to improve the investment environment for attracting foreign capital and advanced technologies to the development of alternative energy. In the context of the increasing complexity of national industries, the considered experience of Kazakhstan in improving investment policy can be useful for an in-depth study of transformational transformations in countries with a transitional economy.
Diversidad de aves en las lagunas andinas de Pomacanchi, Acopía y Asnaccocha, Provincia de Acomayo, Cusco
Authors: Villegas Joyce Vitorino , Ochoa José Antonio
Published: January 2022

Se presenta un estudio de la diversidad de aves de las lagunas andinas de Pomacanchi, Acopía y Asnaccocha, en la provincia de Acomayo, departamento del Cusco. Se realizaron cinco muestreos, utilizando el método de transectos lineales, entre los meses de enero a abril. 66 especies de aves fueron registradas en total para las tres lagunas. La laguna Pomacanchi registró mayor diversidad de aves con 53 especies, Asnaccocha 44 especies y Acopia 29 especies. El tamaño de la laguna, presencia de áreas con totora, salinidad y la cercanía a centros urbanos son factores que influyeron en la diversidad de aves en la zona.
Cuantificación de aflatoxinas totales en harina de maíz que se expende en tres mercados de la ciudad del Cusco-Perú
Authors: Romero   Pumahualcca Ruth , Cjuno–Huanca Olga L. , Mostajo–Zavaleta Martha N.
Published: January 2022

Las aflatoxinas son micotoxinas producidas por el género Aspergillus llegan a contaminar el maíz, permaneciendo en sus derivados como la harina. En el presente trabajo se procesaron un total de 36 muestras de harina de maíz procedentes de tres centros de abasto de la ciudad del Cusco: San Pedro, Ttio y Vinocanchón en el periodo 2017. Con el objetivo de cuantificar aflatoxinas totales, frecuencia de mohos, correlación de mohos con humedad y pH, correlación de la concentración de aflatoxinas totales con humedad y pH. Se utilizó el método de ELISA para determinar concentraciones de aflatoxinas totales, para frecuencia de género de mohos se realizó la cuantificación en UFC/g, para humedad se usó el método gravimétrico y para determinar el pH se utilizó el potenciómetro. En el 92% de muestras evaluadas se determinó un promedio de 2,35 μg/kg (±1,74) de aflatoxinas totales, que está dentro de los límites máximos permisibles. El género Fusarium presentó una frecuencia 77,17%, Penicillum 17,14%, Mucor 5,01%, Aspergillus 0,19%, Rhizopus 0,49% y Scopulariopsis 0,05%. Con respecto a la humedad, el 94,4% de muestras presentaron una media de 12,74% (±1,20), valores por debajo del límite máximo permisible y el 5,6% con una media de 15,18% fuera del límitesegún la norma. El pH en el 81% de muestras presentó una media de 4,59 (± 0,25), hallándose dentro del rango establecido y el 19% fuera según la Norma. No hay correlación significativa entre la concentración de aflatoxinas totales con pH y humedad, yentre recuento de mohos con humedad y pH
Determinación de la concentración letal media de recubrimientos biodegradables de quitosano y compuestos bioactivos en nauplios de Artemia salina Leach
Authors: Acosptupa–Quispe Yeny , Zamalloa – Acurio Violeta , Claveli – Jarandilla Alicia , Monterola–Jururo Indira , Zapata–Callañaupa Jonyer
Published: January 2022

Se determinó la concentración letal media para cada formulación desarrollada de recubrimientos biodegradables de quitosano al 1% con aditivos a diferentes concentraciones de aceite esencial de hierba luisa o aceite esencial de limón y glicerol, dichas formulaciones fueron desarrolladas con miras a ser usados sobre frutos de fresa. En las formulaciones de los recubrimientos biodegradables se evaluó la actividad tóxica usando como organismo de prueba Nauplios de Artemia Salina Leach, los resultadosde mortalidad sirvieron para determinar la concentración letal media en las formulaciones, para ello se usó la librería ‘drc’ del programa R, dando por resultado que al 0.25% de aceite esencial de hierba luisa o limón y al 0.3% de glicerol la formulación es relativamente inocua. Del análisis de su comportamiento y de los resultados del ANOVA se obtuvo que la adición de glicerol actúa positivamente sobre la concentración letal media y que la adición de aceite esencial actúa positivamente hasta 0.25% para después actuar negativamente. Se concluyó que las formulaciones desarrolladas para los ensayos con aceite esencial de hierba luisa o de limón están catalogadas como ligeramente tóxica, prácticamente no toxica o relativamente inocuo; la formulación 1 de recubrimientos biodegradables es relativamente inocuo sea con aceite esencial de hierba luisa o de limón; los ensayos conincorporación de aceite esencial de limón presentan mayor actividad tóxica que las formulaciones en los ensayos con incorporación de aceite esencial de hierba luisa.
High Reliability Organizing for (HRO) Disasters – Disaster Ecology and the Color of Noise
Authors: van Stralen Daved , D. McKay Sean , A. Mercer RAdm Thomas
Published: January 2022

The frequencies of stochastic noise inherent to the environment can be described as colors. The various colors of noise refer to the disruptive potential of stochastic energy within the environment and its characteristics. The meaning of the type of noise lies in the unpredictability of events and the 'forcing functions' of energy. That is the strength of the environment to force a system or population to respond. For human activity, the color types correlate to problem characteristics such as leadership-line authority coupling, well-structured, ill-structured, and embedded problems. When the noise color changes, forcing functions and the types of problems also change, increasing characteristics necessary for adaptation or altering characteristics in unexpected ways through relaxed selection. The noise process applies equally to nursing homes, NICUs, and public safety and is independent of timescale or magnitude. We need not characterize normal environmental variation differently from catastrophes.
Imagen e identidad en la Dimensión virtual del mundo: un enfoque postfenomenológico
Authors: Rivas López Víctor Gerardo , Pérez Morales Amanda Rosa , Reyes Monreal Marleni
Published: January 2022

En este artículo partiremos de la pregunta por cómo se dan los procesos identitarios humanos, en relación a las imágenes fotográficas compartidas en el entorno virtual, específicamente, en las redes sociales. Ello lo realizaremos desde un enfoque postfenomenológico. Nuestras propuestas son: (i) que las imágenes fotográficas compartidas en las redes sociales son uno de los puentes que entrelazan la Dimensión Virtual del Mundo (DVM) con la Dimensión Terrenal del Mundo (DTM); (ii) que por lo mismo, la existencia humana no se restringe a una u otra, sino que ambas manifestaciones de lo que somos son parte de la pluralidad y multiplicidad de lo que implica existir y estar vivos; (iii) que las imágenes fotográficas compartidas en la virtualidad son parte de un proceso identitario, destinado a mostrarse a los otros; (iv) que la DVM tiene, como una de sus características fundamentales, la constante posibilidad de experimentar la existencia desde una percepción acelerada, estética y poetizada. También señalaremos, a la par de lo anterior, cómo este fenómeno modifica las formas a través de las cuales percibimos, conocemos y comprendemos el mundo de la vida. Como conclusión proponemos comprender la DVM y la DTM no como dos realidades que se excluyen pensando a la otra como falsa, sino como dos dimensiones de un mismo mundo; cada una con sus características propias, pero siempre parte de un mismo mundo. La tecnología, y lo que esta proporciona, es una extensión de la capacidad humana que amplía la comprensión y el análisis del mundo material.
AR-GE TÜRLERİNİN KATMA DEĞER ÜZERİNE ETKİLERİ: TÜRKİYE ÖRNEĞİ
Authors: AKAD İpek
Published: January 2022

Amaç: Bu çalışma, OECD tarafından Temel Araştırma, Uygulamalı Araştırma ve Deneysel Geliştirme olmak üzere üç Ar-Ge türü olarak sınıflandırılan Ar-Ge türlerinin katma değer üzerine etkilerini açıklama amacındadır.
Yöntem: Kullanılan veri setinin içsellik probleminden hareketle eş anlı bir denklem sisteminde İki Aşamalı En Küçük Kareler (2AEKK) kullanılarak araç değişken tahminlemesi yapılmıştır.
Bulgular: Bu çalışmada, Türkiye'nin 1994-2019 yılları arasındaki verileri kullanılarak, Ar-Ge türleri kamu ve özel sektör finansmanı altında sınıflandırılmıştır. Özel sektörün Ar-Ge'ye kamuya göre daha fazla harcama yaptığı, ancak söz konusu harcamaların kamu sektörüne göre etkili sonuçlar vermediği sonucuna varılmıştır. Ayrıca özel sektör tarafından finanse edilen Temel ve Uygulamalı Araştırmanın hem kamu sektörü hem de diğer Ar-Ge türlerine göre en yüksek katma değeri yarattığı bu çalışmanın en önemli bulgularından biridir.
Özgünlük: Kamu ve özel sektör tarafından finanse edilen Ar-Ge türlerinin katma değer üzerindeki etkisi, gelişmekte olan ülkeler için araştırılması gereken önemli bir konudur. Bu çalışma, Türkiye gibi gelişmekte olan bir ülkenin verilerine dayanan ilk çalışmadır.
A MIXED-INTEGER PROGRAMMING MODEL FOR THE JOB SCHEDULING PROBLEM IN A PRODUCTION COMPANY
Authors: UTKU Durdu Hakan , ÖZYİĞİT Karanfil , FARİZOĞLU Esra Yağmur
Published: January 2022

Purpose: In this study, a mixed-integer programming model is developed to minimize the total lateness and total completion time of the jobs in an automotive company. In order to respond rapidly to the continuous customer demand through the production, the work schedule of engineers in the research and development department is considered flexibly.
Methodology: In the study, the mixed-integer programming model is supported by the analytical hierarchy process model to determine the weighted values of total tardiness and total completion times. The developed model is applied to the automotive company using the real data and the problem is solved using the GAMS CPLEX 24.1.3 software.
Findings: In this job scheduling problem, the total completion time is decreased to 622 hours from 10149 hours, maximum tardiness is decreased to 9 hours from 104 hours and total tardiness is decreased to 13 hours from 860 hours by using the proposed model.
Originality: The proposed model is used for the job scheduling purpose in compliance with the structure of the automotive industry company using the machine scheduling modeling principles and Analytical Hierarchy Process together.
Keywords: Parallel Machine Scheduling, Optimization, Mixed Integer Programming, Analytical Hierarchical Process.
KATILIM-30 ENDEKSİNDE FİNANSAL VOLATİLİTE TAHMİNLEYİCİ MODEL BELİRLENMESİ
Authors: BEKTAŞ Selahattin
Published: January 2022

Amaç: Finans alanında volatilite (oynaklık) yatırımcılar için giderek önemini artırmaya devam etmektedir. Finansal yatırımcılar portföylerini çeşitlendirmenin yanında risklerini de en aza düşürebilmek için İslami finans yatırım araçlarına doğru hızlı bir şekilde yönelmektedirler. Bu nedenle İslami finansın ve İslami finans yatırım araçlarının önemi gün geçtikçe artmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı Türkiye’de İslami usullere göre işlem gören şirketlerin olduğu Katılım-30 Endeksinin finansal volatilitesini modelleyen en uygun yöntemi bulmaktır.
Yöntem: Çalışmada 07.01.2011-02.11.2020 dönemini kapsayan Katılım-30 Endeksi günlük kapanış değerleri kullanılmıştır. Çalışmada kullanılan yöntemler ARCH, GARCH, ARCH-M, GARCH-M, IGARCH modelleridir.
Bulgular: Yapılan analizler neticesinde Katılım-30 Endeksini en iyi tahmin eden model olarak GARCH-M modeli bulunmuştur.
Özgünlük: Çalışmada endeks tahminlemesi için en uygun modelin bulunması, hem yatırımcıların portföy yatırımlarını verimli ve etkin olarak değerlendirmeleri hem de endeks getirilerini daha verimli bir şekilde modelleme ve tahmin etme kolaylığı sağlanacağı düşünülmektedir.
HIZLI YEMEK (FAST FOOD) SEKTÖRÜNDE PAZARLAMA İNOVASYON KRİTERLERİNİN BELİRLENMESİ VE FİRMA SEÇİMİ: GİRESUN İLİ UYGULAMASI
Authors: MEMİŞ Salih , KORUCUK Selçuk
Published: January 2022

Amaç: Giresun’da kurumsal kimliği olan hızlı yemek işletmelerine yönelik yapılan çalışmada pazarlama inovasyonu kriterlerinin önem derecelerinin tespit edilmesi ve belirlenen önem dereceleri çerçevesinde inovasyon kritelerinin uygulanma düzeyine göre en ideal firmanın seçimi amaçlanmıştır.
Yöntem: Amaca uygun olarak literatür taramasından elde edilen kriterler, çok kriterli karar verme yöntemlerinden CRITIC yöntemi ile değerlendirilmiş ve Gri İlişkisel Analiz (GİA) yöntemiyle bütünleşik olarak en ideal firma seçimi yapılmıştır.
Bulgular: Elde edilen sonuçlara göre; pazarlama inovasyonu kriterlerinde en yüksek ağırlığa sahip kriter Süreç olmuştur. En az ağırlığa sahip olan pazarlama inovasyonu kriterinin ise Tutundurma olduğu belirlenmiştir. Öte yandan çalışma sonucunda pazarlama inovasyonu kriterlerine göre en ideal firma seçilmiştir.
Özgünlük: Bu çalışma, hızlı yemek sektöründe faaliyet gösteren işletmelerinin pazarlama alanı açısından inovasyon kriterlerini ele alarak değerlendirilmesi bakımından özgünlük taşımaktadır.
Improving Mathematics Learning Outcomes in Material Speed Using Cooperative Models of Group Type Investigation
Authors: Nurhakikah Ulfa , Hayaturraiyan Hayaturraiyan
Published: January 2022

This research was conducted to improve student learning outcomes in the subject of speed mathematics using the Cooperative Type Group Investigation model in class VB MI NW Kalijaga. This type of research is Classroom Action Research (CAR) using quantitative methods, because this data uses numbers, starting from data collection, data interpretation and appearance of results. as many as 14 students. The results of this study can be seen from student learning outcomes, in the pre-cycle there are still many students who have not completed based on KBM (73%), in the pre-cycle there are only five students who have completed (35.7%) with an average score of 56, 8, the highest score was 93 and the lowest score was 30. In the first cycle there was an increase to seven students (50%) who completed KBM, the average value was 63.2, the highest score was 95 and the lowest score was 30. In the second cycle of learning improvement from The 14 students who completed KBM increased again to 10 students (89%), the average score was 75.6, the highest score was 98 and the lowest score was 40.
Improving Student Learning Outcomes by Using Inquiry-Based Learning Methods in Akidah Akhlak Subjects at MTs Wirdullatifah NW Banjar Manis
Authors: Syafirin Muhammad , Tarmizi Tahir Muhammad
Published: January 2022

This research was conducted to improve student learning outcomes in Akidah Akhlak subjects on the material of repentance, obedience, istiqamah and sincerity using the direct instruction model in class VII/1 MTs Wirdullatifah NW Banjar Manis. This type of research is Classroom Action Research (CAR) through the application of inquiry-based learning methods. In practice, classroom action research using inquiry-based learning methods can improve student learning outcomes in learning Akidah Akhlak. This can be seen from the student learning outcomes, initially in the pre-cycle of 7 students there were only two students who completed (28.6%) with an average score of 66.85, the highest score was 80 and the lowest score was 50. From the pre-cycle after improvements were made in the first cycle of learning, there was an increase to 4 students who completed KBM, the average value was 73.28%, the highest score was 85 and the lowest score was 55. In the improvement of learning in the second cycle, 7 students completed KBM 100%, the average score was 83 ,57%, the highest score is 90 and the lowest score is 75.
Gula Gending Dalam Sudut Pandang Budaya dan Perannya Menyokong Pendidikan Generasi Muda Desa Kembang Kerang
Authors: Wahyuni Sri , Kaharudin Kaharudin
Published: January 2022

Gula gending merupakan sejenis jajanan khas yang berasal dari Desa Kembang Kerang yang begitu populer pada era 80an sampai 90an, terutama bagi anak-anak pada masa itu, sekaligus merupakan sebuah pertunjukan musik yang dimainkan ketika pedagang harum manis mempromosikan barang dagangannya untuk menarik perhatian calon pembeli. Gula Gending sering juga disebut sebagai jajanan khas Lombok (rambut nenek) yang di beberapa Daerah juga dikenal dengan beberapa sebutan, seperti gula kapas, harum manis, permen kapas (cotton candy). Kepopuleran gula gending dan banyaknya masyarakat kembang kerang memilih berprofesi sebagai pedagang gula gending membuat peneliti tertarik mengkaji lebih dalam bagaimana eksistensi gula gending dalam dinamika budaya Lombok ? dan seberapa besar perannya menyokong pendidikan generasi muda desa kembang kerang ?. Dengan melakukan studi kepustakaan peneliti mengkaji literatur terkait “gula gending”. Sebagai wadah dari para pengrajin kuliner dalam menjajankan manisan tersebut, produk unggul yang lahir dari kearifan lokal ini telah mampu memberikan kehidupan yang lebih baik bagi warga masyarakatnya yang bermata pencaharian sebagai pengrajin dan penjual gula gending berkembang di lingkungan Desa Kembang Kerang Daya sebagai mata pencaharian masyarakat setempat. Alat pukul yang khas ini, hanya ada di Desa Kembang Kerang Daya dan kini merambah di Pulau Lombok sampai luar Daerah. Sehingga mereka mampu menyekolahkan anak-anak mereka hingga sarjana bahkan sampai doctor, tidak hanya itu, dari hasil berjualan gula gending mereka bisa pergi ke tanah suci Makkah untuk menunaikan ibadah haji. Analisis dilakukan terhadap fakta gula gending sebagai alat musik tradisional yang khas dengan keunikannya sudah dikenal sampai manca Negara serta eksistensinya dalam dinamika budaya Lombok
Tworzenie Smart City a usługi krajobrazowe na przykładzie miasta Kielce
Authors: Strzyż Małgorzata
Published: January 2022

Koncepcja tworzenia inteligentnego miasta Smart City w przypadku istniejących już od setek lat ośrodków miejskich wymaga, w początkowej fazie tworzenia inteligentnego miasta, stworzenia zbiorów danych danego ośrodka miejskiego i jego otoczenia zewnętrznego w celu utworzenia baz referencyjnych o określonej tematyce. Istotnym elementem inwentaryzacji istniejącego potencjału rozwojowego miasta jest również określenie jego potencjału krajobrazowego, w tym realne możliwości wykorzystania potencjału usług krajobrazowych. Usługi te stanowią nową formę utylitarnego zastosowania badań krajobrazowych jako kompleksowego podejścia do badania potencjału rozwojowego środowiska miejskiego na poziomie podstawowym. Na przykładzie miasta Kielce dokonano analizy możliwości rozwoju koncepcji Smart City w warunkach wykorzystania potencjału usług krajobrazowych.
Del feminismo a un nuevo humanismo
Authors: Zorroza Huarte Mª Idoya
Published: January 2022

Este trabajo no realiza una historia del feminismo, sino un análisis crítico de las direcciones generales que éste ha tomado. El motivo: el feminismo ha creado una situación de perplejidad y confusión, las mujeres tienen una ambigua valoración de este hecho; por un lado asumen las defensas políticas, sociales, educativas o laborales; pero rechazan abiertamente la ideología feminista en sus planteamientos y consecuencias. Se muestran las consecuencias del cambio de paradigma en el feminismo y su revisión desde la proyección de una antropología integral que apuesta teóricamente o por un feminismo de nuevo cuño o, mejor, por un humanismo integrador.
Mujeres en el mundo de la ciencia y el pensamiento. Su presencia en el Diccionario de la Lengua Española de la Real Academia
Authors: Pedrero González Amalia
Published: January 2022

Este trabajo se pretende establecer una relación temporal entre el acceso de la mujer al mundo de la ciencia y el pensamiento y su incorporación en el DLE, con el fin de determinar la reacción de la Academia ante este cambio social. Con esta finalidad, se analizan profesiones referidas al campo de la docencia más cinco ramas de conocimiento, y se mostrará en qué campos se han incorporado cambios con mayor antelación o retraso.
Perancangan Aplikasi Android Untuk Media Pembelajaran Budidaya Tanaman Secara Hidroponik Dengan Metode Demon-Disco Learning
Authors: Daniel Novianto
Published: January 2022

Utilization of a mobile device with the Android operating system that is used as a supporting medium and supplement in improving learning outcomes combined with demonstration and discovery learning or demon-disco learning methods is needed to help students improve learning outcomes in vocational competence subjects in hydroponic crop cultivation in vocational high schools Kristen Terang Bangsa, because the use of android-based applications can provide new experiences regarding the use of information and communication technology, as well as provide opportunities for students to be able to learn more independently.

The concept chosen as a learning media is to explain the material about understanding, introduction of parts, types, and quiz containing questions about hydroponic plant cultivation. This research uses the Research and Development (RnD) product development method, using 6 out of 10 stages research that is the potential and problems, data collection, product design, design validation, design improvement, product trials.

The results of this study are to produce learning media in the form of Android-based applications. The validity value of media experts is 2.6 which is declared feasible, while the validity value of material experts is 3.6 which is declared feasible, and is able to increase the average value in the subject of vocational competence in hydroponic cultivation in Christian Terang Bangsa Vocational Schools which initially 67 (with 13 students who had not yet reached KKM) to 80 (with 4 students who had not yet reached KKM).
SISTEM PAKAR PENANGANAN KERUSAKAN KOMPUTER DAN PERIPHERALNYA
Authors: Gufron Gufron , Danang Danang
Published: January 2022

In operating a computer, of course, often experience problems with the Windows operating system, such as a slow computer when reading data, missing icons on the desktop, application system crashes or files that can not be run, or error messages appear that are not understood, problems that arise this is not uncommon fatal so that it interferes with the work or activity that is being done. One of the right solutions to the above problem is by applying an object-oriented design that follows the Hierarchy rules (tree rules), which is that each stage will bring up several new stages and Forward Reasoning inference techniques with Dept First Search data search techniques, with the forward reasoning system the system will provide information for the problems encountered. The test results show the solution to the problem of any computer damage problem can help computer users to recognize and deal with computer damage.
ANALISIS PEMAKAIAN SENSOR LOADCELL DALAM PERHITUNGAN BERAT BENDA PADAT DAN CAIR BERBASIS MICROCONTROLLER
Authors: Agus Wibowo  , Lawrence Adi Supriyono
Published: January 2022

The development of microcontroller technology that is rapidly making applications to be developed as a work in the field of technology that can help and facilitate human activities. Researchers see that current technological developments there are many uses of loadcell sensors to detect weight on objects. The number of factors that affect the weight difference between digital scales and scales very significant conventional. Therefore researchers analyzed the use of loadcell sensors for calculate solid and liquid objects and analyze the work system and the accuracy of the accuracy on the loadcell sensor in calculating the weight of solid objects and liquid objects.
PERBANDINGAN PENGGUNAAN PLTS DENGAN GENSET DI DESA SOKO KEMBANG KECAMATAN PETUNGKRIYONO KABUPATEN PEKALONGAN DITINJAU DARI MORE EFFICIENT PROCESS
Authors: Ghoni Musyahar
Published: January 2022

In Pekalongan, precisely in the village of Soko Kembang, Petungkriyono sub-district, as many as 31 units of PLTS were made. This PLTS works stand alone, with the SHS system. Each SHS unit consists of a 50 Wp solar panel, three light points, a 70Ah battery, and a Box Control Unit. Based on preliminary field studies, the use of SHS is very useful and helps the community at night especially students and mothers who have small children and helping residents of Soko Kembang village, a remote village that had previously relied on lighting from oil lamps and rental generators.

The use of solar power plants has an impact on the economic life of the community, which is assessed from an increase in the people's economy. This is evidenced by the high payback.
A method for using stationary networks to observe long term trends of on-road emissions factors of primary aerosol from heavy duty vehicles
Authors: Fitzmaurice Helen Lorraine , Cohen Ronald C.
Published: January 2022

Abstract. Heavy-duty vehicles (HDV) contribute a significant, but decreasing, fraction of primary aerosol emissions in urban areas. Previous studies have shown spatial heterogeneity in compliance with regulation. Consequently, location-specific emissions factors are necessary to describe primary particulate matter (PM) emissions by HDV. Using near-road observations from the Bay Area Air Quality Management District (BAAQMD) network over the 2009–2020 period in combination with Caltrans measurements of vehicle number and type, we determine primary PM2.5 emission factors from HDV on highways in the San Francisco Bay Area. We demonstrate that HDV primary aerosol emission factors derived using this method are in line with observations by other studies, that they decreased a by a factor of ~7 in the past decade, and that they are still 2–3 times higher than would be expected if all HDV were in compliance with California HDV regulations.
Intercomparison of upper tropospheric and lower stratospheric water vapor measurements over the Asian Summer Monsoon during the StratoClim Campaign
Authors: Singer Clare E. , Clouser Benjamin , Khaykin Sergey , Krämer Martina , Cairo Francesco , Peter Thomas , Lykov Alexey , Rolf Christian , Spelten Nicole , Brunamonti Simone , Moyer Elisabeth J.
Published: January 2022

Abstract. In situ measurements in the climatically important upper troposphere / lower stratosphere (UTLS) are critical for understanding controls on cloud formation, the entry of water into the stratosphere, and hydration/dehydration of the tropical tropopause layer. Accurate in situ measurement of water vapor in the UTLS however is difficult because of low water vapor concentrations (< 5 ppmv) and a challenging low temperature/pressure environment. The StratoClim campaign out of Kathmandu, Nepal in July and August 2017, which made the first high-altitude aircraft measurements in the Asian Summer Monsoon (ASM), also provided an opportunity to intercompare three in situ hygrometers mounted on the M-55 Geophysica: ChiWIS (Chicago Water Isotope Spectrometer), FISH (Fast In situ Stratospheric Hygrometer), and FLASH (Fluorescent Lyman-α Stratospheric Hygrometer). Instrument agreement was very good, suggesting no intrinsic technique-dependent biases: ChiWIS measures by mid-infrared laser absorption spectroscopy and FISH and FLASH by Lyman-α induced fluorescence. In clear-sky UTLS conditions (H2O < 10 ppmv), mean differences between ChiWIS and FLASH were only −1.42 % and those between FISH and FLASH only −1.47 %. Agreement between ChiWIS and FLASH for in-cloud conditions is even tighter, at +0.74 %. In general, ChiWIS and FLASH agreed to better than 10 % for 92 % (87 %) of clear-sky (in-cloud) datapoints. Agreement between FISH and FLASH to 10 % occurred in 78 % of clear-sky datapoints. Estimated realized instrumental precision in UTLS conditions was 0.05, 0.1, and 0.2 ppmv for ChiWIS, FISH, and FLASH, respectively. This level of accuracy and precision allows the confident detection of fine-scale spatial structures in UTLS water vapor required for understanding the role of convection and the ASM in the stratospheric water vapor budget.
Using geochemistry to understand the sources and mean transit times of stream water in an intermittent river system: the upper Wimmera River, southeast Australia
Authors: Zhou Zibo , Cartwright Ian , Morgenstern Uwe
Published: January 2022

Abstract. Determining the mean transit times (MTTs) and water sources in catchments at different flow conditions helps better understand river functioning, manage riverine system health and water resources, and discern the responses to climate change and global water stress. Despite being common in a range of environments, understanding of MTTs and variable water sources in intermittent streams remain incomplete compared to perennial streams. Major ion geochemistry, stable isotopes, 14C, 3H and were used in this study to identify water sources and MTTs of a periodically-intermittent river from southeast Australia at different flow conditions, including zero-flow periods. The disconnected pool waters during the zero-flow period in the summer months of 2019 had 3H activities of 0.64 to 3.29 TU. These and the variations in total dissolved solids and stable isotopes imply that these pools contained a mixture of groundwater and younger evaporated stream water. 3H activities during the high-flow period in July 2019 were 1.85 to 3.00 TU, yielding MTTs of up to 17 years. The 3H activities at moderate and low-flow conditions in September and November 2019 ranged from 2.26 to 2.88 TU, implying MTTs of 1.6 to 7.8 years. Regional groundwater near the Wimmera River has 3H activities of < 0.02 to 0.45 TU and 14C activities of 57 to 103 pMC and is not recharged by the river at high flows. The Wimmera River and other intermittent streams in southeast Australia are sustained by smaller volumes of younger catchment waters than comparable perennials streams, indicating that near-river stores have significant impacts on maintaining streamflow during low-flow periods than older deeper regional groundwater. These smaller reservoirs result in the intermittent streams being more susceptible to changes of climate and streamflow and necessitate protection of near-river corridors to maintain the health of the riverine systems.
Using single remote sensing image to calculate the height of the landslide dam and the maximum volume of the lake
Authors: Zou Weijie , Zhou Yi , Wang Shixin , Wang Futao , Wang Litao , Zhao Qing , Liu Wenliang , Zhu Jinfeng , Xiong Yibing , Wang Zhenqing , Qin Gang
Published: January 2022

Abstract. Landslide dams are caused by landslide materials blocking rivers. After the occurrence of large-scale landslides, it is necessary to conduct large-scale investigation of barrier lakes and rapid risk assessment. Remote sensing is an important means to achieve this goal. However, at present remote sensing is only used for monitoring and extraction of hydrological parameters at present, without prediction on potential hazard of the landslide dam. The key parameters of the barrier dam, such as the dam height and the maximum volume, still need to be obtained based on field investigation, which is time-consuming. Our research proposes a procedure that is able to calculate the height of the landslide dam and the maximum volume of the barrier lake, using single remote sensing image and pre-landslide DEM. The procedure includes four modules: (a) determining the elevation of the lake level, (b) determining the elevation of the bottom of the dam, (c) calculating the highest height of the dam, (d) predicting the lowest crest height of the dam and the maximum volume. Finally, the sensitivity analysis of the parameters during the procedure and the analysis of the influence of different resolution images is carried out. This procedure is demonstrated through Baige Landslide Dam in south-west China. The single image from Beijing-1 and pre-landslide DEM, SRTM V3, are used to predict the height of the dam and the key parameters of the dam break, which are in good agreement with the measured data. This procedure can effectively support the quick decision-making regarding hazard mitigation.
Green Human Resource Practices: A Sustainable Approach To Increase Employee Performance
Authors: Khan Ali Junaid , Muhammad Akbar Ali Ansari  , Tanveer Ahmed  , Areeba Athar Malik
Published: January 2022

The research is explanatory about Green Human Resource Management (GHRM) and its Impact on Employee Performance in Pakistan's Small Medium Enterprise sector. PLS Software has been used for statistical research analysis, discriminant validity, loading factors, average variance executor, composite reliability, predictive value, and bootstrapping value from 308 small-medium enterprises (SME) employees. Data has taken as a questionnaire through Google form. The empirical study has explained the positive relationship of Green (HRM) to Employee Performance in SME sector. The previous studies have also determined about positive relation of these variables. Recruitment, training and reward have been selected and explained in research and have clear objectives of the investigation. The results showed a positive relationship between GHRM and employee performance. The finding of this paper has several implications for government officials and policy makers of SME sector to provide the framework to support employee green behavior.
Almanya’daki Türklerin 60 Yılının Akademik Çalışmalara Yansıması: Değişen İlgi Alanları, Dönüşen Yaklaşımlar ve Araştırılması Gereken Konular
Authors: İYİ Muhammet Mustafa
Published: January 2022

30 Ekim 1961’de Türkiye ve Almanya arasında imzalanan işgücü anlaşması sonrasında Türkiye’den Almanya’ya yoğun kitlesel göçler gerçekleşmiştir. Başlarda geçici olması planlanan bu göç hareketinin zamanla kalıcı bir hal almaya başladığı görülmüştür. Böylelikle 60 yıldır Almanya’da varlığını sürdüren bir Türk diasporası meydana gelmiştir. Tüm bu süreçler Türkiye’de akademik araştırmaların da ilgi odağı olmuştur. Almanya’daki Türkler, 1960’lardan günümüze değin akademik çalışmalarda farklı konu bağlamlarında ele alınmıştır. Öyle ki 1960’larda ekonomi, işçi tasarrufları ve sanayileşme hareketleri bağlamında işçi göçü ele alınırken 1980’lerde Almanya’da yetişen yeni kuşakların eğitim, dil ve kültür konuları ve geriye dönenler üzerine yoğunlaşılmıştır. 2000’lere gelindiğinde ise çalışmaların eğitim, dil, kimlik, vatandaşlık ve yabancı düşmanlığı gibi konulara yöneldiği görülmektedir. Bu çalışma 1961 sonrasında kitlesel olarak Türkiye’den Almanya’ya gerçekleşen göç hareketinin ve zamanla kalıcılaşan Almanya’daki Türklerin, akademik çalışmalara nasıl yansıdığı ile akademik çalışmalarda hangi bağlamda konu olduğunu Türkiye’de yazılmış tezler üzerinden incelemektedir.
Essays on Secularism and Multiculturalism
Authors: FATIMA Mobassera Jahan
Published: January 2022

Since the post-war period, the Western European demand for labor and shifts in populace flows in the post-colonial era have created a multicultural challenge for secularism, which has been an earnest political issue for a long time (p. 165). In recent years, several debates on multiculturalism and the viability of the multiculturalist approach have been ongoing, particularly in Western Europe (p. 97).
Proportion of Testicular Absence and Position of Testis in Unilateral Nonpalpable Undescended Testis in a Tertiary Teaching Hospital in South India
Authors: C S Aravind , Varkey Sam , Sadiq Shinaz
Published: January 2022

Introduction: Undescended testis is a common surgical problem in children which needs to be treated by one and a half year of age. When testis is non palpable, it could be either absent, and when present intra-abdominal or inguinal.
Methodology: A hospital based retrospective study was conducted in department of paediatric surgery, Thiruvananthapuram. Study population consisted of children treated with nonpalpable undescended testis from January 2016 to June 2021.
Results: Mean age of intervention was 43.7 months (range 7 to 153 months). Incidence of absent testis was 30.97%. in 156 children who had ipsilateral undescended testis, 92 had intra-abdominal testis and 43 had inguinal testis. Presence of nubbin of testis in ipsilateral scrotum and contralateral testicular hypertrophy were suggestive of absent ipsilateral testis (p <0.001). Testis is absent in 11.3% only when ipsilateral hemi scrotum is under developed.
Conclusion: Proportion of absent testis is 30.97% in children with unilateral undescended testis. Presence of nubbin of testis in ipsilateral scrotum and contralateral testicular hypertrophy are predictive of ipsilateral testicular absence.

Keywords: Undescended testis, atrophic testis, Contralateral hypertrophy.
Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor: Review
Authors: Singh Rohit Kumar , Tiwary Satyendra K , . Puneet
Published: January 2022

Gastrointestinal stromal tumours (GISTs) are one of the most common mesenchymal tumors affecting the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. GIST has undergone outstanding development in how they are presented, classified, assessed, diagnosed and treated over the last decade. Gastrointestinal stromal tumours (GIST) account for nearly less than 3% of all malignant GI tumours. The clinical presentation can differ depending on its location, tumour size and aggressiveness of the tumour. In this comprehensive review, we talk regarding the epidemiology, clinical features and diagnostic modalities for GIST. We also discuss our view regarding the treatment options for early stage, locally advanced and metastatic GIST. Indications for neoadjuvant and adjuvant therapy along with time of therapy are also explained. A concise discussion of most recent biomarkers is also provided.

Keywords: GIST, Leiomyoma, Leiomyosarcoma, Leiomyoblastoma, Stromal tumours, Mesenchymal neoplasm.
Challenges for Indonesian Government in Controlling Illegal Fishing in Legal Perspective (Study in North Sumatera Province)
Authors: Eka Putra Mohammad , Emia Tarigan Vita Cita
Published: January 2022

The provincial government of North Sumatera has vast maritime and fisheries potential, consisting of the potential for catching fisheries and for cultural fisheries. The potential of the catchment of the North Sumatera Province of the Straits of Malacca is 484,414 per year, and the potential of the Indian Ocean is 1,228,601 per year. Given the magnitude of the less exploited fisheries potential, which has led to North Sumatera Province becoming a fertile ground for Illegal, Unreported, Unregulated Fishing, or commonly mentioned as IUU Fishing,
The current study uses the normative jurisprudence methodology, which is based on the main legal material by examining the theories, concepts, legal principles, and legislative rules. The type and nature of the research used is qualitative research with legal and policy approaches around IUU Fishing. The data sources used are secondary data sources using primary legal materials, secondary legal materials, and tertiary legal materials. Data collection techniques in this paper used library study and the results will be repeated to the respondents who have been determined.
The Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries implemented three pillars to prevent and address the activities of IUU fishing, known as the three pillars policy, namely: sovereignty, sustainability, and welfare. That has been implemented in some of the ways among the ships that commit illegal fishing crimes for the deterrent effect; performing the moratorium on foreign vessels; the establishment of an eradication task force on illegal fishing 115. The many achievements undertaken by the Ministry of Maritime Fisheries are not accompanied by consistent efforts in the eradication efforts of IUU fishing in Indonesia.

Keywords: IUU Fishing, Illegal Fishing, Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries.
Digital Banking in Indonesia: The Development of Cashless Culture and Regulations
Authors: Aspan Henry , Nasution Anggi Pratama , Malikhah Ikhah
Published: January 2022

As a business, banking adheres to the concept of a trust business. When it comes to risk management, this is where the bank truly has to be at its best. As a result, banks like Bank Indonesia and OJK may rest easy knowing that they are in accordance with the law. However, banks are particularly concerned about reputation risk, which has an impact on customer trust and is crucial for banks to manage. As part of digital banking's infrastructure and banking technology, security and transaction simplicity must also be addressed.

Keywords: Electronic Money, Regulation, Transaction, Legal System.
The Women as a Commodity and Marriage as a Commercial Opportunity: An Investigation into the Unpleasant Truth of Marriage Trafficking in India
Authors: Patel Dr. Sasmita , CC Arya
Published: January 2022

This study investigates the unpleasant truth of marriage trafficking in India and how our society perceives women as commodities and makes marriage a commercial opportunity. As per the 2011 Census, India has 48.04% women of the total population; their social status is not satisfactory. If we take the words of Mahatma Gandhi, "the progress of the country is determined by the social status of women in the country,"; and it is unfortunate to say that, for women, India is not a safer place. Brides from economically deprived regions of east and south India are purchased for marriages. Girls are trafficked and sold by spouses and agents to men looking for girls to marry. These brides are tightly controlled so that they do not escape. They use to go through difficult phases of life as they cannot make their own choices, do not enjoy the rights of even being an individual, and are considered slaves. A girl, who should be in school at the young age of 14 or 15 to develop herself and put effort to lead her future in the right direction with fair chances made accessible to her, is compelled into the so-called institution of marriage with men double or triple her age. Certain girls labor as domestic slaves during the day and forced prostitution at night reveal their awful situation.
This is a research study completely based on secondary sources. As mentioned above, it has tried to review and analyze the condition of women after marriage trafficking in Indian scenario from the wider perspectives. The available journals articles, books, newspapers and other e-resources on the subject are looked into with a critical analysis on every nuance of bride trafficking in India. The whole discussion and findings are categorized under different themes based on the three sole objectives of the study such as understanding the contributing factors, the further consequences of bride trafficking in Indian scenarios, and critically analyzing the existing legislations and provisions related to trafficking in India.

Keywords: Marriage trafficking, Commodity, Commercial Opportunity, Forced Prostitution, Domestic Violence.
Burden of Malaria in Dumka District of Jharkhand, India
Authors: Oraon Vikas , Topno Vidushi
Published: January 2022

Malaria is a major public health problem in India particularly in states having tribal population. Jharkhand state consisted 7% of total malaria cases in India. The objective of this analysis was to find out the burden of malaria in Dumka District, Jharkhand.
Method –It was conducted in 10 Blocks of District Dumka, Jharkhand. Convenience sampling technique was used in this study. Data analysis was done from the line-list of District Vector Borne Disease Control Office, Dumka from the year 2016-2020. This was a cross-sectional study.
Result – Gradual decline in number of malaria cases was observed during the study period. But a sharp decline in cases were seen in the year 2020 i.e. during Covid-19 pandemic. Male cases were more predominant. Majority of the affected population were tribal in origin. Maximum number of Malaria cases were observed in Blocks like Masalia, Gopikandar and Kathikund.
Conclusion- Our analysis showed annual reduction of Malaria cases. Thus existing control programmes can further reduce Malaria burden in Dumka District. Consistent and vigilant surveillance is required.

Keywords: Malaria, Plasmodium falciparum, Plasmodium vivax, tribal malaria, Jharkhand, India.
Some results on generalized mean nonexpansive mapping in complete metric spaces
Authors: Mebawondu Akindele Adebayo , Izuchukwu Chinedu , Abass Hammed Anuoluwapo , Mewomo Oluwatosin Temitope
Published: January 2022

In this paper, we obtain sufficient conditions for the existence of a unique fixed point of $T$- mean nonexpansive mapping and an integral type of $T$- mean nonexpansive mapping. We also obtain sufficient conditions for the existence of coincidence point and common fixed point for a Jungck-type mean nonexpansive mapping in the frame work of a complete metric space. Some examples of $T$-mean nonexpansive and Jungck-type mean nonexpansive mappings which are not mean nonexpansive mapping are given. The result obtained generalizes corresponding results in this direction in the literature.
Existence of multiple solutions for a nonhomogeneous p-Laplacian elliptic equation with critical Sobolev-Hardy exponent
Authors: Matallah Atika , Litimein Sara , Messirdi Sofiane
Published: January 2022

This paper is concerned with the existence of multiple nontrivial solutions for nonhomogeneous p-Laplacain elliptic problems involving the critical Hardy-Sobolev exponent. The method used here is based on the Nehari manifold.
Cadernos do Cade- Varejo de Gasolina - 2014
Authors: Oliveira Glauco
Published: January 2022

A primeira edição dos Cadernos do Cade trata do setor de “varejo de combustíveis automotivos”, com foco no produto gasolina, descrevendo a cadeia produtiva, aspectos regulatórios e as decisões do Cade em atos de concentração e denúncias de cartel.
Mercado de Saúde Suplementar: Condutas – 2015
Authors: Bênia Gerson , Bogossian Paula , Leandro Tainá
Published: January 2022

O segundo número da série Cadernos do Cade apresenta características estruturais e regulatórias do mercado de saúde suplementar e a atuação do Conselho em relação a condutas com o potencial de restringir a concorrência no setor.
Cadernos do Cade- Mercado de insumos agrícolas - 2020
Authors: Bênia Gerson
Published: January 2022

O décimo número da série “Cadernos do Cade” enfoca os mercados de insumos agrícolas, mais especificamente os mercados de sementes, defensivos agrícolas, fertilizantes e máquinas e implementos agrícolas. Tais mercados são de extrema importância para a economia brasileira e apresentam características que exigem da autoridade antitruste uma constante atenção, pelo volume de fusões e aquisições, e aprimoramento de metodologias de análise, em função da sua complexidade e da sua trajetória de evolução tecnológica.
Cadernos do Cade- Mercado de TV aberta e paga - 2020
Authors: Bastos Camila
Published: January 2022

O décimo primeiro número da série “Cadernos do Cade” foca no segmento que está presente no cotidiano da maioria dos brasileiros: a televisão. O estudo busca consolidar a jurisprudência do Cade nesse mercado nos últimos vinte e cinco anos. Mesmo com a crescente onda de utilização de outras modalidades de consumo de audiovisual, a televisão (seja ela a aberta ou a paga) continua tendo o papel de principal de alternativas a esta forma de se assistir a conteúdos audiovisuais.