bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
African Governments’ Foreign Publics engagements: Public Diplomacy in African perspective
Authors:   Technological University Dublin (Ireland), Antwi-Boasiako Isaac
Published: September 2024

Scholars over the years have delved into the discourse of states’ foreign publics engagements in their foreign policy objectives. This analysis is done generally with the western perspective of public diplomacy with recent Asian scholarship evolving. As a result, this study aims to reflect on public diplomacy from an African perspective. Therefore, it analyses how African governments have been engaging their foreign publics (foreign governments and their citizens) to attract foreign aid, tourism, and investments in their nation-building and development trajectory. The article explores African public diplomacy mechanisms such as diasporas, nation branding, cultural diplomacy, and many others. It also digests some of the challenges confronting African governments in their public diplomacy campaigns, like lack of research, human and financial resources, and lack of coherent foreign policy documents. The article’s findings demonstrate that although Africa generally has rich public diplomacy resources, these are not adequately harnessed in most African states’ foreign policy. This situation has led to poor foreign policy implementation by most African governments. The study contributes to the public diplomacy scholarship in general and African public diplomacy in particular, which scholars have underexplored. It concludes that scholars should delve into the exegesis of the rich African public diplomacy currencies.
Assessing the Impact of Infrastructure on Tax Structure and Improving Economic Performance: The Case of Nigeria
Authors:   University of Ilesa, Olaniyi O. A. , Adekanmbi A. M. ,   Dominion University Ibadan, Opadeji S. A. ,   Dominion University Ibadan, Shallie A. D. ,   University of Maiduguri
Published: September 2024

The relevance of this study is to establish the interactive role of infrastructure on tax composition in stimulating long-term economic performance in Nigeria. However, empirical evidence showed that greater emphasis was placed on studies relating to the impact of taxation on the performance of the economy. The purpose of this study is to examine the impact of infrastructure on tax structure and improving economic performance in Nigeria. The hypothesis - the interactive role of infrastructure on tax composition and the economic performance nexus in Nigeria - was estimated with the Ridge Regression (RR) technique to take care of the incidence of multicollinearity that existed among the study variables using the dataset covering 1993-2022. Also, the study utilized the Barro growth model, which emphasized investment in infrastructure enhanced through taxes as the core endogenous factor that drives growth. The findings revealed that with the presence of infrastructure; value added tax, company tax, customs and excise duties and petroleum profit tax has a positive and significant relationship with economic performance while personal income tax has a positive but insignificant relationship with economic performance in Nigeria within the study period. The study thus concluded that with the presence of infrastructure, tax composition significantly contributed to economic performance in Nigeria within the study period. Based on this finding, this study recommends that policymakers should focus on measures such as tax education and enlightenment to encourage voluntary tax compliance to generate substantial revenue to fund infrastructural development, thus, improving the level of economic performance in Nigeria.
Influence of Interregional Spatial Effects on the Economic Development of Russian Regions
Authors:   National Research University Higher School of Economics, Perm Campus, Popova P. A. , Bukina T. V. ,   National Research University Higher School of Economics, Perm Campus, Kashin D. V. ,   National Research University Higher School of Economics, Perm Campus
Published: September 2024

The paper analyzes interregional spatial effects and assesses their impact on the development of Russia's regions. Given the differences in the geographical location of the regions, as well as the peculiarities of the regional economy in each constituent entity of the Russian Federation, a topical issue is the assessment and analysis of interregional spatial interactions for the development of modern regional development programs. The purpose of this research is to study the heterogeneity of the regions of the Russian Federation by identifying interregional spatial interactions. The paper presents a methodology for assessing interregional spatial effects and selects indicators for identifying and assessing them. The study uses data on 77 regions of Russia. When assessing spatial effects, we considered the regions that became part of the Russian Federation in 2014: the Republic of Crimea and the federal city of Sevastopol. The key dependent variable in the econometric models is the GRP growth rate. Among the independent variables, we consider 17 indicators that also characterize regional development for the period 2015-2020. The study revealed that interregional spatial effects are present for all regions of Russia: for the western regions these effects are positive, and for the eastern ones they are negative. It is shown that the level of innovative development in one region has a stronger impact on the growth rates of GRP in neighboring regions than in the region itself. It is revealed that a reduction in investment in fixed capital contributes to an increase in the growth rates of GRP, and that an increase in imports in one region leads to a decrease in the growth rates of GRP in others. The results obtained are stable to the choice of weight matrices and indicate that comprehensive measures affecting all regions are necessary for the development of the western regions of the Russian Federation - in this case, the effect of these changes will be enhanced due to the presence of spatial effects. In some eastern regions, on the contrary, it is necessary to develop individual development programs for each individual region.
Physical and psychological changes of the COVID-19 infodemic by the older adult population
Authors: Aquino Raísa Gonçalves , Pereira Eliane da Silva , Souza Priscilla Alfradique de , Bitencourt Graziele Ribeiro , Santana Rosimere Ferreira , Costa Elaine Cristina Rodrigues da , Cavalcante Ricardo Bezerra
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT Objective: to analyze the physical and psychological changes of the COVID-19 infodemic for the older adult population of Rio de Janeiro. Method: a cross-sectional, web-based survey to find out about access to news and information about COVID-19 among older adult in Rio de Janeiro, between July and December 2020. Univariate analysis and bivariate analysis were carried out using non-parametric statistical methods. Results: 390 older adults took part, predominantly female (75.1%), aged between 66 and 75 (35.4%), married (51.0%), white (60.3%), owning their own home (81.8%), located in urban areas (91%), with complete or incomplete primary education (31.8%) and retired or pensioners (79.2%). Younger people were significantly affected both physically and psychologically by social networks when compared to television (<0.001). Conclusion: Physical and psychological changes from exposure to information about COVID-19 have affected the lives of the older adult, having an impact on this population.
Efeito da própolis verde brasileira no tratamento de úlceras crônicas: ensaio clínico randomizado
Authors: Rocha Pascalle de Sousa , Sampaio Luis Rafael Leite , Delmondes Gyllyandeson de Araújo , Saraiva Andreza Gysllaynny Delmondes , Perazzo Fábio Ferreira , Fonseca Fernando Luiz Affonso , Souza José Lucas de , Macedo Luis Fernando Reis
Published: September 2024

RESUMO Objetivo: avaliar a eficácia da própolis verde brasileira a 5% (pomada) em indivíduos com úlceras crônicas. Métodos: ensaio clínico randomizado, desenvolvido com 40 pacientes aleatorizados igualmente para grupo controle (tratado com ácido graxo essencial) e grupo experimental (tratado com própolis verde a 5%) por 30 dias. Os desfechos de interesse foram características sociodemográficas, clínicas e laboratoriais, características das lesões, como tipo de tecido no leito, presença de exsudato, características da borda, conteúdo microbiano e dor. Resultados: quanto às características sociodemográficas, clínicas e laboratoriais, os dois grupos não apresentaram diferença estatisticamente significativas. Após avaliação em 30 dias, observou-se efeito para os dois grupos tratados, porém, para o grupo experimental, maior eficácia quanto ao tipo de tecido no leito, tipo de exsudato, característica da borda, conteúdo microbiano e dor. Conclusão: a pomada a base de própolis mostrou efeito cicatrizante, apresentando-se como potencial instrumento na cicatrização de úlceras crônicas.
Nursing students’ mindfulness and emotional regulation: an integrative review
Authors: Costa Daiana Alves Vendramel da , Costa Cássia Janne Nonato da , Kogien Moisés , Gimenez Larissa Bessani Hidalgo , Gherardi-Donato Edilaine Cristina da Silva , Pedrão Luiz Jorge
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT Objective: to identify the scientific evidence available in national and international literature on the relationships between nursing students’ mindfulness and emotional regulation. Methods: an integrative literature review, in four databases, with a time frame from January 2002 to December 2022. Articles in English, Spanish and Portuguese available in full were included. Results: the sample consisted of six original articles, predominantly with a quantitative approach, with cross-sectional designs standing out. Conclusion: the synthesis of scientific production revealed that there is a lack of research at national and international level on the subject with experimental and qualitative designs that enable conclusions about cause and effect and/or take into account subjective experiences of the applicability of mindfulness-based practice in nursing students’ emotional regulation.
Associação entre desrespeito e abuso durante o parto e o risco de depressão pós-parto: estudo transversal
Authors: Conceição Haylane Nunes da , Madeiro Alberto Pereira
Published: September 2024

O objetivo deste estudo é analisar a relação entre desrespeito e abuso durante o parto e o risco de depressão pós-parto. Trata-se de estudo transversal, realizado com mulheres das zonas rural e urbana de Caxias, Maranhão, Brasil. Considerou-se a depressão pós-parto como variável dependente, avaliada pela Escala de Depressão Pós-Natal de Edimburgo. As variáveis independentes foram características sociodemográficas, antecedentes de saúde mental, aspectos comportamentais, características obstétricas e autopercepção do desrespeito e abuso durante o parto. Empregou-se o teste do qui-quadrado de Pearson e a regressão logística múltipla para avaliar a associação entre depressão pós-parto e desrespeito e abuso durante o parto. Foram entrevistadas 190 mulheres. A depressão pós-parto apresentou prevalência de 16,3%. A ocorrência de pelo menos um tipo de desrespeito e abuso durante o parto foi de 97,4%, com predomínio das condições do sistema de saúde e restrições (94,7%). Mais da metade das mulheres (66,3%) foram submetidas a dois tipos de desrespeito e abuso durante o parto, enquanto três ou mais formas foram relatadas por 22,6%. Sofrer duas (ORajustada = 3,01; IC95%: 1,08-8,33) e três ou mais formas de desrespeito e abuso durante o parto (ORajustada = 3,41; IC95%: 1,68-24,40) aumentou a chance da ocorrência de depressão pós-parto. Houve associação significativa entre desrespeito e abuso durante o parto e depressão pós-parto, e o atendimento digno e respeitoso às mulheres durante o parto pode reduzir os riscos da sintomatologia de depressão pós-parto.
ENSINO SUPERIOR E SOLIDARIEDADE: UMA VIRADA DA EXTENSÃO FACE À SOCIEDADE DO MÉRITO
Authors: RUBIÃO ANDRÉ
Published: September 2024

RESUMO: Este artigo analisa o papel do ensino superior, em especial no que toca as suas novas diretrizes sobre a extensão, para constituir uma sociedade mais solidária e menos competitiva. Em primeiro lugar, com base na metodologia de reconstrução de processos sociais, a partir de uma análise bibliográfica e da proposição de tipos ideias, ele mostra as origens e a influência contemporânea do modelo de “Universidade Modo 2”, proposto pelo sociólogo Michael Gibbons, dando ênfase na sua adesão a uma antropologia individual e uma valorização da meritocracia. Em seguida, o artigo traz uma crítica desse paradigma, ao mesmo tempo que resgata uma antropologia solidária, com o intuito de pensar um projeto de ensino superior capaz de reduzir os efeitos perversos de uma sociedade competitiva. Nesse sentido, valendo-se do método indutivo, propõe-se uma reflexão sobre as formas de acesso ao ensino superior, o papel e o potencial das atividades de extensão, em especial pela Resolução no. 7, de 2018, que previu que elas devem compor, no mínimo, 10% do total da carga horária curricular dos cursos de graduação. O artigo conclui que é possível uma releitura da tese do historiador Burton J. Bledstein, de modo a pensar o ensino superior como um dos principais mecanismos para transformar a sociedade, não no sentido da formação da “cultura do mérito”, como diagnosticado no século XX, mas na perspectiva de uma valorização da “cultura da solidariedade”.
Educational intervention with nursing professionals reduces interruption of enteral nutritional support
Authors: Diniz Aline Oliveira , Meurer Igor Rosa , Batista Kely Cristine , Reis Valesca Nunes dos , Moreira Ana Paula Boroni , Silva Silvia Lanziotti Azevedo da
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the impact of educational intervention on the occurrence of factors that interfere with the caloric-protein supply to critical and non-critical patients undergoing enteral nutritional therapy. Method: This is an intervention, a field experiment without a control group, carried out in a teaching hospital in Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Three training cycles were carried out with nursing professionals over 57 weeks, covering the same content. The data collected were divided into pre-intervention and intervention periods. Interference in caloric-protein support was analyzed based on the evaluation of days with non-conforming nutritional supply and the occurrence of factors that led to non-conformities. Results: Following interventions, there was a significant reduction (p < 0.05) in the number of non-conforming and inadequate days (nutritional supply < 80%), the frequency of occurrence of interfering factors and non-conformities caused by failure to follow the vomiting protocol. Conclusion: The educational intervention was an effective strategy to increase the quality of the therapy evaluated, especially from the fifth day of enteral nutritional therapy onwards.
TAXAS E CAUSAS DE CANCELAMENTO CIRÚRGICO AMBULATORIAL: ESTUDO TRANSVERSAL
Authors: Pinheiro Liliane Duarte Pereira Silva , Fassarella Cintia Silva , Carmo Thalita Gomes do , Camerini Flavia Giron , Luna Aline Affonso , Henrique Danielle de Mendonça , Ribeiro Olga Maria Pimenta Lopes , Pereira Soraia Cristina de Abreu
Published: September 2024

RESUMO Objetivo: analisar a taxa e as causas de cancelamento em unidade de cirurgia ambulatorial em uma policlínica universitária integrante do Sistema Único de Saúde e situada no município do Rio de Janeiro. Método: estudo transversal, desenvolvido em centro cirúrgico ambulatorial de uma policlínica universitária da cidade do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. Dados do período de agosto de 2021 a julho de 2022 foram extraídos do banco de dados da instituição via formulário contendo variáveis sociodemográficas e clínica dos pacientes, mês, especialidade cirúrgica, causas e período do cancelamento. Para variável faixa etária utilizou-se o teste de Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney, e para variáveis mês e especialidade, o teste qui-quadrado de Pearson, adotado nível de significância de 5%. Resultados: dentre as 2.147 cirurgias ambulatoriais agendadas, 334 foram canceladas, com taxa de cancelamento cirúrgico anual de 15,55%. Houve diferença estatística significativa nos cancelamentos ocorridos no mês de dezembro (p= 0,010), na especialidade cirúrgica vascular (p= 0,001) e em pacientes idosos (p= 0,007). Foram encontradas dez causas de cancelamento, sendo as mais frequentes relacionadas à falta do paciente (n=117; 35,03%), às condições clínicas desfavoráveis (n=92; 27,54%) e à inconformidade no preparo pré-operatório (n=30; 8,98%). Conclusão: a taxa de cancelamento cirúrgico foi elevada, sobretudo pela falta e pelas condições clínicas do paciente no dia da cirurgia. Espera-se que os dados possam contribuir para subsidiar e sensibilizar a participação ativa de todos os profissionais envolvidos em cirurgia ambulatorial, de modo a evitar cancelamento.
Unwelcomed neighbors: media coverage and the spread of hate towards migrants in Latin America
Authors: Ramírez Plascencia David
Published: September 2024

Abstract During the last decade, Latin America has witnessed an unprecedented massive current of migration flows. This migration crisis has been well documented by the local and international press. This article focuses on the reporting of the internal migration crisis in Latin America, particularly how the media has negatively framed migrants. The main objective focuses on understanding how Latin American newspapers have covered the internal migration flows? And what kind of frames promote a negative image towards migrants? As final outcomes will show, it is possible to observe how local newspapers have promoted an adverse vision towards migrants based on traditional stereotypes and prejudices.
Associations of screen time with symptoms of stress, anxiety, and depression in adolescents
Authors: Francisquini Maria Carolina Juvêncio , Silva Thais Maria de Souza , Santos Géssika Castilho dos , Barbosa Rodrigo de Oliveira , Dias Pedro Henrique Garcia , Ruiz Ariel Bello , Silva Jadson Marcio da , Stabelini Neto Antonio
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT Objective: To examine the associations between self-reported screen time and symptoms of stress, anxiety, and depression in adolescents. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 982 adolescents aged between 12 and 15 years, enrolled in public schools in Jacarezinho (PR), Brazil. Screen time was assessed by the question “Considering a typical day, how much time do you spend watching TV, playing videogame, using computer or smartphone?” The DASS-21 questionnaire (short form) was used to assess symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress. Crude and adjusted analyses (age, sex, and maternal level of education) between screen time and mental disorders symptoms were performed using general linear regression models, with Poisson distribution, with significance level at p<0.05. Results: Higher depressive symptoms were observed in adolescents who reported screen time of 4–6 hours/day (PR 1.35, 95%CI 1.13–1.61) and ≥6 hours/day (PR 1.88, 95%CI 1.62–2.19), compared with their pairs with <2 hours/day. The same was observed for anxiety symptoms with screen time of 4–6 hours/day (PR 1.23, 95%CI 1.04–1.46) and ≥6 hours/day (PR 1.50, 95%CI 1.28–1.77); and stress, with 4–6 hours/day (PR 1.25, 95%CI 1.08–1.44) and ≥6 hours/day (PR 1.49, 95%CI 1.30–1.71), also compared with their pairs with <2 hours/day. Conclusions: Screen time was positively associated with depressive, anxiety, and stress symptoms in adolescents. Special attention should be given to those who spend more than four hours a day in front of a screen.
Raça e terra: implicações do racismo fundiário na segregação urbana em Fortaleza-CE
Authors: Ribeiro Maria Cristiellen Rodrigues , Lima Mariana Quezado Costa
Published: September 2024

Resumo Entre as variadas facetas das disparidades raciais no Brasil merecem destaque aquelas que há muito tempo marcam a forma como a população negra é distribuída e inserida nos espaços urbanos, cuja origem vem de um longo processo histórico de segregação racial que remonta ao período da escravidão. A precariedade existente nos territórios de favela comparado a localidades nobres da cidade revela a disparidade não apenas de classe mas também de cor. Entendendo racismo fundiário como uma rede articulada de ações, promovidas por instituições formadas por brancos, que dificultam o acesso à terra pela população negra e indígena, esta pesquisa visa investigar suas consequências na distribuição de terras e na segregação urbana de Fortaleza-CE. Esse fenômeno, mais frequentemente relatado em outras cidades, encontra similaridades e particularidades na história do Ceará e de Fortaleza. Os resultados revelam as repercussões territoriais de séculos de racismo fundiário na cidade, demonstrando a concentração da população autodeclarada negra e indígena nos bairros periféricos e de menor renda, especialmente em assentamentos informais precários.
Provision of occupational therapy care during the COVID-19 via telehealth to children from families living in conditions of vulnerability and confinement
Authors: Moreno-Chaparro Jaime , Parra-Esquivel Eliana I. , Peñas-Felizzola Olga Luz , Rojas Barrios Bayron , Samudio Juan Felipe
Published: September 2024

Abstract Introduction The COVID-19 pandemic had a significant impact on health and education, parents and children living in non-urban areas were severely affected. Objective To design and implement a telehealth based occupational therapy intervention aimed at improving the well-being of children under nine years of age living in vulnerability and confinement conditions, the latter due to the restrictions imposed due to the pandemic, through the provision of context-based occupational counseling to their parent/caregivers. Methods Before-and-after study conducted in families from rural and peri-urban areas living in conditions of vulnerability and in which children were attending online school. Descriptive and a bivariate analysis of the baseline conditions of the sample were performed, as well as before-after comparisons of the objectives achieved and their differences. Results 13 families completed the assessment and intervention processes (12 sessions, 94% attendance); the average age of children was 7.3 years, and in 92.3% of the families the head of the household was a woman. The before-after goals evaluation showed there were gains in all proposed goals, with the highest gains observed in the family social participation category. Conclusions Occupational therapy, telehealth and a context-based approach provide a broad array of benefits to families and children living in vulnerability and confinement conditions.
Contribuições do encontro entre o psicodrama e a dança criativa de Rudolf Laban
Authors: Amaral Marcela Cunha do
Published: September 2024

RESUMO Neste artigo, explana-se a interface entre o psicodrama e a dança criativa de Rudolf Laban, com o objetivo de revitalizar os recursos psicodramáticos utilizados para aquecimento corporal no contexto terapêutico. A pesquisa apresenta o trabalho desenvolvido com a dança criativa por meio da articulação entre o psicodrama e o estudo da arte do movimento de Laban. Este estudo de caso, qualitativo e de autorrelatos, combina revisão de literatura e diários de campo para analisar a sinergia entre essas duas abordagens. Os resultados mostram que a integração do psicodrama com a dança criativa fortalece a conexão entre mente, corpo e movimento, enriquecendo a prática terapêutica. Por fim, destaca-se a importância da contínua integração entre a psicologia e o estudo do corpo e do movimento, propondo a construção de uma psicologia do movimento.
“NÃO É HORA DE PROCURAR CULPADOS”: O DESMONTE DE POLÍTICAS AMBIENTAIS NO GOVERNO DE EDUARDO LEITE E A CALAMIDADE CLIMÁTICA NO RIO GRANDE DO SUL DE MAIO DE 2024
Authors: Karkow Bones Nairana , Broni de Araújo Luana
Published: September 2024

O presente trabalho pretende responder à seguinte indagação: Qual o impacto da política neoliberal de Eduardo Leite no desmonte das leis ambientais no estado do Rio Grande do Sul e no desastre ambiental de maio de 2024? O neoliberalismo é considerado um método político e a difusão de um modelo de mercado para além do mercado, implicando em uma norma de vida que se relaciona com dimensões da concorrência e privatizações de empresas. O referido modelo político-econômico tem como característica o discurso de ineficiência do Estado e favorecimento do capital. Diante do exposto, identificam-se semelhanças entre as políticas e os discursos proferidos pelo atual governador Eduardo Leite (PSDB) no estado do Rio Grande do Sul. Logo, em seu primeiro ano de mandato, alterou 480 pontos no Código Ambiental do estado, com claro intuito de favorecer os empresários. A atual pesquisa utilizará como abordagem metodológica a análise de dados qualitativos e revisão bibliográfica. Diante das análises, observando que em seu plano de governo propagado em 2018, Leite sinalizava preocupações de relacionar o meio ambiente ao empreendedorismo, confirmadas após mudanças na Lei Ambiental de 2019, a qual, até então, era considerado um modelo pioneiro na proteção ambiental. Após a calamidade climática de maio de 2024, Leite afirmou que o governo foi avisado dos possíveis riscos oriundos das mudanças climáticas, mas priorizou outras agendas, sendo negligente em sua gestão.
À ESQUERDA DO MUNDO, À DIREITA DE DEUS: EVANGÉLICOS EM MOVIMENTO DE MORADIA NA OCUPAÇÃO FIDEL CASTRO, UBERLÂNDIA-MG
Authors: Pires Julia
Published: September 2024

Os movimentos de luta por amplificação dos direitos, entre eles o direito à moradia, marcam a transição democrática brasileira dos anos 1980 e têm grande impacto nas relações estabelecidas nas cidades brasileiras, em especial nas grandes metrópoles, onde a questão da moradia é atravessada por uma intensa disputa comercial de especulação imobiliária que precariza as condições de vivência dos ocupantes urbanos e dá luz as disputas daqueles que almejam moradia digna e melhores condições nas cidades. Em vistas disso, o presente artigo busca entender as dinâmicas existentes entre os movimentos sociais por moradia, em especial o MTST em Uberlândia-MG, e os fiéis evangélicos, analisando como o pentecostalismo elabora e reelabora a vivência dos ocupantes nesse espaço. Desde os anos 1990, com a ascensão dos grupos pentecostais nos espaços urbanos, novas dinâmicas sociais emergiram, redefinindo esses lugares que passam a se configurar a partir de outras maneiras e se constroem com e a partir desses novos atores, mas de que forma isso ocorre? Quais interesses estão em jogo? A pesquisa, ainda em andamento, inclui a aplicação de Survey para mapear características dos ocupantes, como renda, saúde, educação e preferências políticas, observação-participante na ocupação durante o ano de 2024 e realização de entrevistas semiestruturadas recortando apenas evangélicos. Os dados provisórios revelam que 45% dos ocupantes são evangélicos, 65% dos respondentes não possuem preferência partidária e há uma significativa taxa de não votantes, mesmo em um movimento social ligado a um partido político (PSOL).
Enhancing English Academic Writing: The Effects of Movie Trailers on Structure Comprehension, Motivation, and Critical Thinking
Authors: Luckel-Semoto Aya , Sugiura Kaori
Published: September 2024

This study explores the use of audiovisual media, specifically movie trailers, in English language teaching and their potential benefits in improving structure comprehension, critical thinking and learner motivation. This research focuses on Japanese English education students. It presents a case study using movie trailers and videos of fairy tales to help students understand the structure and usefulness of academic writing, develop critical thinking attitudes, and increase their motivation toward learning English. The study involved 105 Japanese-speaking university students, who worked on assignments using six movie trailers and two fairy tales as teaching materials. The experimental procedures included ten sessions on reading and listening assignments, and five on integrating movie trailers, where students learned the relevance of movie trailers to academic writing and created original trailers for assigned short stories. Data were collected through questionnaires and completed assignments. The results show that integrating movie trailers into English language teaching significantly enhances students’ comprehension of academic writing structures, increases their motivation to learn English, and develops their critical thinking skills. The use of familiar audiovisual materials, like movie trailers, proved effective in making the learning process more engaging and practical, ultimately contributing to better academic performance in English language writing and presentation skills.
A Study of a Media Literacy-Facilitated Class Model to Improve Korean Undergraduates’ Critical Thinking and English Writing: Focusing on Modern Satiric Grotesque and Metaphor*
Authors: Lee Kwang-Soon
Published: September 2024

This study explored a media literacy-facilitated learning model to activate EFL undergraduates’ writing performance and critical thinking. While cultivating learners’ media literacy ability, it designed a learning environment to stimulate critical thinking through metaphors and grotesque pictures. The participants (N = 57) tried to find each metaphor while seeing grotesque images from the movies of Parasite (Bong, 2019) and Joker (Philips, 2019). In the process, they learned how to respect peers’ ideas through similarities and differences. They could extend their existing knowledge when allowed to review the social or economic issues that the grotesque images revealed. They reproduced short sentences online in the group Kakao talk room when given specific words aligned with the pictures. When planning their writing, selecting the appropriate words, and correcting their sentences, they reorganized their thoughts and produced a theme-based essay. These activities affected their language performance as the learners could acquire long-term retention about vocabulary use. A paired t-test and One-way ANOVA analysis showed their language proficiency improvement. Their writing shows specific forms (to verb, and to noun) more frequently to express the metaphors of a mask. Accordingly, this model activated critical thinking through metaphor and the satirical grotesque.
Reexamining the Relationship Between Communication and Language Through Discourse Analysis: A Case Study Using Movie Material*
Authors: Lee Yun Joon Jason
Published: September 2024

The purpose of this paper is to examine the nature of communication and the function of language through discourse analysis using movie material. To achieve this, six English-major undergraduates were selected as subjects. The movie used for this study was Mrs. Harris Goes to Paris (Fabian, 2022). Over a three-month period, the subjects participated and were administered six tests, along with one report. Two tests focused on content relevant to the case study (the second and sixth tests), while three tests focused on form (the first, third, and fourth tests). The fifth test combined content and form. The results indicated that subjects B, C, and D preferred content-based instruction (emphasizing the nature of communication, stories, culture, etc.), despite subject D not achieving a high test score. Subject A was ambivalent, noting that while content-based instruction was beneficial, language learning was also necessary. Subjects E and F preferred English language learning. In their reports commenting on the method, subjects B, C, and D were positive, subject A had mixed feelings, and subjects E and F were indifferent. Considering that three out of six subjects responded positively, we believe that using discourse analysis can be effective in helping students understand the nature of communication.
ESP Instruction Design Based on Digital Literacy for Tourism English Learners
Authors: Chang Hyung-ji
Published: September 2024

The present study aims to investigate the ESP instruction based on digital literacy for tourism English learners. In this study, digital literacy is defined as the ability to understand, synthesize, and use multiple forms of information from digital sources to create new information for one’s own purposes. To address the deficits of digital literacy of ESP learners, the study is conducted through design-based research, which is considered to be a problem-solving approach in education. Firstly, a total of 92 tourism English learners were asked to complete the Knowledge and Information Processing Competency (KIPC) survey to diagnose their digital literacy levels. Secondly, the study proposed the digital literacy related activities to facilitate the learners collecting, processing and using digital knowledge and information. The instruction was based on a coursebook-driven approach which added digital literacy activities to the traditional ESP instruction. Lastly, the reflective journals of learners were examined through frequent word analysis. In the findings, ESP learners showed competency in collecting rather than utilizing digital knowledge and information, thus the ESP instruction based on digital literacy was designed to facilitate learners to utilize more digital knowledge and information which helped them to develop teamwork, problem- solving and selfassessment.
Peptik Ülserli Hastalarda Helicobacter Pylori Tespitinde Hangi Testi Kullanalim?
Authors: Taşkiran İsmail , Kandemir Altay , Uslu Hurşide , Yaşa Mehmet Hadi
Published: September 2024

Amaç: Bu çalışmada Helicobacter pylori enfeksiyonunu saptamada altın standart olarak kabul edilen histopatolojik inceleme ile gaitada antijen testi ve üre nefes testlerini karşılaştırarak bu testlerin biyopsinin yerini alıp alamayacağını araştırdık.

Gereç ve Yöntemler: Üre nefes testi ve gaitada antijen testinin araştırma popülasyonumuzda kullanılabilirliğin araştırmak için 50 kadın 50 erkek olmak üzere toplamda 100 Helicobacter pylori pozitif hasta üzerinde üre nefes testi ve gaitada antijen testi uygulanmış ve sonuçları karşılaştırılmıştır.

Bulgular: Çalışmamızda kadınların ortalama yaşı 45±12,90, erkeklerin ortalama yaşı 50±13,49 olarak saptandı (p=0.432). Hastalardan alınan gaita örnekleri gaita antijen testi kullanılarak değerlendirilmiş ve toplamda 52 (%52) hastada pozitif sonuç elde edilirken 48 (%48) hastada sonuç negatif gelmiştir. Hastalara üre nefes testi uygulandığında ise 71 (%71) hastada pozitif sonuç elde edilirken geri kalan 29 (%29) hastada ise negatif sonuç elde edilmiştir. Gaita antijen testinin sensitivitesi %52.1, üre nefes testinin sensitivitesi %71.2 olarak hesaplandı.

Sonuç: Elde edilen sonuçlar literatüre kıyasla daha düşük sensitiviteye sahiptir. Bu bulgular ışığında toplumumuzda görülen Helicobacter pylori suşuna yönelik gaita antijen testi ve üre nefes testi histopatolojik incelemenin yerini alamamaktadır.
Relationship Between Modified Systemic Immune- inflammatory Index and Contrast-Induced Nephropathy in Patients With ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Özdemir Levent , Bayramoğlu Adil
Published: September 2024

Objective: Developing contrast induced nephropathy after primary PCI in patients with ST segment elevation myocardial infarction is a risky condition in terms of mortality and morbidity. Various studies have shown that the systemic inflammatory index predicts (SII) the development of CIN. Mean platelet volume (MPV) is an important indicator known to be associated with the platelet function and activation. Therefore, we revised SII and named it modified SII (mSII) by using NLR multiply MPV.
Materials and Methods: This study includes patients who underwent pPCI due to STEMI in our cardiology department between February 2015 and February 2021. Modified SII was obtained by using MPV instead of platelet in the formula (mSII= NLR x MPV). Patients who underwent pPCI with STEMI were divided into two groups, those with CIN and those without CIN, and compared.
Results: In the logistic regression analysis, it was observed that the mSII, NLR, GFR and contrast medium amount was independent predictor of CIN. The optimal threshold mSII for predicting CIN was >42.5, with a 78.1% sensitivity and 52.3% specificity ([AUC]: 0.639, 95%CI: 0.602- 0.674, p< 0.001). Pairwise comparison of ROC curves, it was observed that the predictive value of mSII for the development of CIN was better than NLR. (z-test = 3.144, P = 0.001)
Conclusion: We think that mSII, which we have shown to be superior to SII in predicting the development of CIN and is very easy to calculate, is a parameter that can be considered in predicting the development of CIN after pPCI in STEMI patients.
Synopsis of the genus Polystemma (Apocynaceae, Asclepiadoideae) and recognition of three new species
Authors: Alvarado-Cárdenas Leonardo O. , Pío-León Juan Fernando , Sánchez-Sánchez Cristóbal , Islas-Hernández Carla Sofia
Published: September 2024

Background: Polystemma is characterized by a mixed indumentum of glandular trichomes that turn white, rotate to rotate-campanulate corollas, a gynostegial corona with filiform appendages, and fusiform follicles. The taxon has undergone numerous taxonomic changes in recent years. In current phylogenies, Polystemma has been recovered as paraphyletic and many of its species require a new combination. In this study, we propose the corresponding changes and describe, map, and illustrate three new species within this genus.
Questions: Do morphological data support the transfer of Matelea species to Polystemma? Are the plants of Polystemma collected in Durango, Jalisco, and Sinaloa different species?
Studied species: Polystemma.
Study site and dates: United States, Mexico, Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, Nicaragua y Costa Rica, between 2022 and 2024.
Methods: More than 3,000 specimens from 20 herbaria and virtual databases were reviewed. Distribution maps were generated, and risk categories were proposed. The cohesive species concept was proposed as an explanatory hypothesis for taxon recognition.
Results: A total of 27 species of the genus were recognized, these distributed from the southeastern United States of America to Costa Rica. Eleven new combinations and three lectotypifications are made, and three new species for science are proposed. Identification key, nomenclatural type information, synonyms, habitat, images of all species and distribution maps are also included.
Conclusions: The review of this genus allowed for updating and improving the systematics within the subtribe Gonolobinae. Likewise, it highlights Mexico as the center of diversity and endemism for Polystemma.
Vulnerabilidade clínico-funcional de idosos acompanhados por uma unidade de cuidados primários à saúde
Authors: Brasil Antônio Maurício , Furtado Claudia , Santos Ana Paula Gomes , Militão Marcela , Do Nascimento Carla Ferreira , Fraga-Maia Helena , Pinto Elen Beatriz
Published: September 2024

OBJETIVO: Identificar os fatores associados à condição de vulnerabilidade clínico-funcional de idosos soteropolitanos acompanhados em uma unidade de cuidados primários à saúde. MÉTODOS: Estudo transversal conduzido com pessoas com idade igual ou superior a 60 anos cadastradas em uma unidade docente-assistencial em Salvador, Bahia. Foram excluídas as que não tinham histórico de acompanhamento regular ambulatorial ou com prontuário inativo há mais de cinco anos. Foram coletados dados sociodemográficos e aplicado o Índice de Vulnerabilidade Clínico-Funcional (IVCF-20) entre novembro de 2019 a março de 2021. Os idosos foram classificados como robustos ou não-robustos e análises bivariadas foram realizadas com o intuito verificar as diferenças entre os grupos.  As variáveis que apresentaram associações com p<0,10 foram incluídas no modelo regressão de Poisson e foram feitos os ajustes para possíveis confundidores. RESULTADOS: Participaram do estudo 102 idosos e foi verificado que a capacidade aeróbica e/ou muscular comprometida (RP=2,91; IC95% 1,50 – 6,18), a presença de comorbidades múltiplas (RP=2,79; IC95% 1,51 – 5,48), a incontinência esfincteriana (RP=1,86; IC95% 1,04 – 3,30) e a piora do esquecimento (RP=1,88; IC95% 1,04 – 3,55) foram os fatores independentemente associados à vulnerabilidade clínico-funcional. CONCLUSÃO: Os resultados do estudo permitem concluir que o comprometimento da capacidade aeróbica, a presença de comorbidades múltiplas, incontinência esfincteriana e perda de memória encontram-se associados à condição de vulnerabilidade clínico-funcional de idosos soteropolitanos acompanhados por uma unidade de cuidados primários à saúde. Essas informações devem ser consideradas no planejamento dos cuidados no âmbito da Atenção Primária à Saúde e da atenção integral.
Fiber-type composition and 3D capillary analysis of the human splenius capitis muscle
Authors: Pollak Nataša , Ugwoke Chiedozie Kenneth , Umek Nejc , Alibegović Armin , Janáček Jiří , Radochová Barbora , Cvetko Erika
Published: September 2024

Despite the significance of neck muscles in musculoskeletal disorders, their microscopic anatomy remains poorly characterized. This study examined the splenius capitis muscle, focusing on its fiber-type composition, fiber size, and capillary network characteristics. For comparison and validation, the vastus lateralis muscle was also analyzed. Muscle samples from 13 young male subjects (mean age ± SD: 35.7 ± 8.6 years) were collected within 24-h post-mortem during autopsy. Myosin heavy chain (MyHC) isoform expression was characterized immunohistochemically in 10 μm sections, while the capillary network architecture was assessed in 100 μm sections. Immunofluorescence staining, confocal microscopy, and 3D image analysis were employed to quantify capillary tortuosity, anisotropy, branch density (Br dens), and the length of capillaries per muscle volume (LV), per muscle fiber length (LL), per fiber surface area (LS), and per fiber volume (LVf). Compared to the vastus lateralis muscle, the splenius capitis muscle had a higher percentage of type 1 fibers (51.2% vs 39.7%), fewer type 2a fibers (16.2% vs 31.4%), and smaller fiber diameters (35.5–40.9 μm vs 47–56.1 μm). It also displayed lower Br dens (P = 0.0069), higher anisotropy (P = 0.0004), and lower LL (P < 0.0001) but higher LVf (P = 0.0486). In the splenius capitis muscle, body mass index (BMI) negatively correlated with LV (P = 0.0155), LS (P = 0.0091), LVf (P = 0.0137), and anisotropy (P = 0.0425), and positively correlated with tortuosity (P = 0.0473), indicating a reduction in the capillary network. In the vastus lateralis muscle, only LV (P = 0.0161) decreased with high BMI. This study characterized the fiber-type composition, fiber size, and 3D capillary network of the splenius capitis muscle, establishing a baseline for investigations into pathological muscle alterations.
A new method of intraoperative assessment of the dynamics of cortical blood flow using imaging photoplethysmography
Authors: Shcherbinin A. V. , Zaytsev V. V. , Nippolainen E. A. , Sokolov A. Yu. , Kamshilin A. A.
Published: September 2024

Background. Intraoperative assessment of changes in cerebral blood flow is an important component of objective quality control of surgical treatment of cerebral artery aneurysms. Various techniques have been tried to solve this task, but they all have their drawbacks, which forces us to look for new ways of blood flow monitoring. We propose to use the technology of imaging photoplethysmography (IPPG) – a technically simple, contactless, safe and cheap optical method for assessing the perfusion of biological tissues.Aim. To demonstrate the possibility of using IPPG to assess the dynamics of cerebral blood flow parameters during aneurysm clipping surgery, as well as to identify early changes in blood supply to the cerebral cortex.Materials and methods. The study was carried out during six surgeries of clipping aneurysms of the anterior part of the Willis’s circle, both in the acute stage of rupture (n = 1) and in a planned manner (n = 5). The IPPG system, which is an LED illuminator in a single unit with a digital video camera, was located on a tripod 25 cm from the intervention zone. During each operation, two one-minute recordings of the illuminated surface of the cerebral cortex were performed: after dissection of the dura mater and before its suturing at the end of the main stage of the intervention. To improve the measurement accuracy, video frames of the studied area were recorded synchronously with the registration of an electrocardiogram. After recording, two IPPG parameters were calculated and compared: the amplitude of the pulsatile component and the pulse wave transit time. Thereafter, the obtained data were compared with the results of computed tomography. Statistical analysis was performed using pairwise comparison tests in the GraphPad Prism software package.Results. Clipping of cerebral vessel aneurysms are accompanied by significant changes in the parameters of cerebral blood flow. Analysis of the data for all patients revealed significant differences in IPPG parameters before and after surgery, namely, statistically significant increase in amplitude of the pulsatile component (n = 3) and decrease in pulse wave transit time (n = 5). The absence of significant changes in both parameters was found only in one patient who had mechanical damage in the cortex in the region of video recording.Conclusion. The IPPG system is capable to quantify changes in blood supply to the cortex during surgical treatment of cerebral artery aneurysms and to identify areas with either increased or decreased blood supply. In-depth studies are required to obtain additional markers of the postoperative state of cerebral blood flow.
Technology of Designing an Individual Educational Trajectory for Students with Disabilities
Authors: Lekhanova O.L. , Denisova O.A.
Published: September 2024

Students with disabilities represent a highly heterogeneous group. The study was based on the hypothesis that creating variable special conditions for students with disabilities as part of the design of individual educational trajectories (IETs) will ensure the success of higher education for disabled people. The article describes the logic and stages of research on the creation and implementation of technology for designing an individual educational trajectory for students with disabilities. The materials were formed as a result of the implementation of the practice at Cherepovets State University over 5 years. Four IET options are described in detail, with each option concentrically increasing the conditions to account for the needs and capabilities of the student. The study involved 873 disabled people (765 applicants and 108 students). The study included assessing the requests of applicants with disabilities, designing and implementing individual educational trajectories, monitoring the adaptation and satisfaction of students, and evaluating the effectiveness of students with disabilities in mastering the educational program. The results obtained show an insufficient starting level of applicants' readiness for the conscious construction of an individual educational trajectory. Additionally, data were obtained on the difficulties related to emotional and interpersonal adaptation for students with disabilities. Continuous dynamic monitoring of the requests from disabled individuals for special conditions and productive interaction among all participants in the design of IETs ensures improved adaptation indicators (statistically confirmed by the use of φ angular Fisher transformation), stability of the contingent of students with disabilities, and academic success.