bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
RANCANG BANGUN APLIKASI MANAJEMEN ORGANISASI MAHASISWA DENGAN METODE PROTOTYPING ( FAKULTAS TEKNIK UNIVERSITAS ISLAM MALANG)
Authors: Setiawan Alvin , Minto Bambang , Badri Fawaidul
Published: February 2022

Manajemen organisasi mahasiswa sampai saat ini kurang efektif karena belum adanya suatu sistem informasi untuk manajemen organisasi mahasiswa yang terintegrasi secara menyeluruh oleh bagian kemahasiswaan yang ada di Universitas Islam Malang. Permasalahan dalam setiap organisasi untuk menunjang sistem informasi dan manajemen dari setiap organisasi mahasiswa seperti memanajemen departemen setiap organisasi seprti sekertaris, bendahara, sumberdaya mahasiswa, kerumahtanggaan, media dan informasi, di Universitas Islam Malang. Untuk menangani hal tersebut, diperlukan aplikasi manajemen organisasi, sehingga peneliti membuat rancangan program aplikasi manajemen organisasi berbasis android yang mudah dipakai oleh pengguna smartphone. Dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode prototyping karena untuk memperkecil resiko rekayasa ulang proses bisnis. Prototype dapat memberikan ide bagi pembuat dan pemakai potensial tentang cara sistem berfungsi dalam bentuk lengkapnya. Dalam tahap penelitian ini yaitu dari penggalian kebutuhan, desain aplikasi, implementasi prototype, evaluasi aplikasi, desain final, implementasi hasil dan pengujian. Dalam tujuan penelitian ini yaitu membangun aplikasi manajemen organisasi untuk dapat mengetahui konsep dan pengujian aplikasi manajemen organisasi mahasiswa. Hasil dalam penelitian ini medapatkan pengujian di kategorikan sangat layak dengan presentase pengujian dengan pecobaan ke pengguna organisasi responden 10 anggota organisasi mendapatkan skor 210 sehingga menghasilkan dari perhitungan mendapatkan presentase kelayakan 84 % dan pengujian fitur mendapatkan skor 700 sehingga menghasilkan presentase kelayakan 100%.
Analisa Konektivitas Jaringan IPSEC Dan OpenVPN Pada Jaringan Berbasis IP Dinamis
Authors: Setya As' Ari , Sudaryanto Aris
Published: February 2022

Saat ini jaringan merupakan kebutuhan vital bagi setiap perusahaan. Dengan internet maka jaringan dapat terbentuk dan menghubungkan antar sektor atau divisi dalam perusahaan. Akan tetapi jaringan internet juga memiliki isu yang perlu diperhatikan, yaitu isu keamanan. Semakin banyak hubungan dengan jaringan luar maka tentu saja semakin besar potensi ancaman keamanan data. Salah satu solusi untuk tetap menjaga keamanan data selama terhubung dengan jaringan adalah menggunakan VPN. Dengan menggunakan VPN maka data akan dikirim melewati tunnel yang menghubungkan antar jaringan, serta dilakukan enkripsi pada data tersebut. Pada penelitian ini penulis melakukan analisa terhadap konektivitas antara VPN IPSEC dan OpenVPN. Pengujian dilakukan dengan menggunakan dua buah jaringan lokal pada dua lokasi berbeda (Lokasi A dan B), lalu masing masing diuji konektivitasnya ketika menggunakan VPN IPSEC maupun ketika menggunakan OpenVPN.
MODEL IMPLEMENTASI INOVASI BIROKRASI Studi Pada Program Raskin Pola Padat Karya Pangan di Kab.Timor Tengah Utara
Authors: Anggraini Tri
Published: February 2022

Inovasi Pelayanan Publik di berbagai sector menjadi jembatan bagi terpenuhinya kebutuhan dalam pelayanan publik yang prima bagi masyarakat sesuai dengan amanat Undang-Undang Dasar 1945, Pemenuhan kebutuhan pelayanan publik ini adalah bagian dari upaya untuk menyelesaikan persoalan-persoalan dalam kehidupan masyarakat. Salah satunya adalah Program Inovasi Raskin POLA PKP yang merupakan program Inovasi untuk pengembangan sector pertanian di Kabupaten Timur Tengah Utara. Inovasi yang telah menerima penghargaan TOP 99 Inovasi terbaik di Indonesia ini nyatanya telah banyak membawa keuntungan bagi penerima manfaat sehingga inovasi ini terus dikembangkan dan disempurnakan dengan harapan dapat dilaksanakan secara berkelanjutan. Oleh karena itu penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisas proses Implementasi Program Inovasi Raskin POLA PKP. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif dengan metode observasi dan wawancara mendalam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Inovasi ini dilakukan melalui tiga tahapan, Penciptaan Ide (generation) terdiri dari Identifikasi Kebutuhan/Masalah, Pendataan, verifikasi Data, Penggambaran Kondisi (tujuan) yang diharapkan Pengembangan dan Pembentukan Ide. Tahap kedua yaitu Penerimaan (acceptance) terdiri dari Perangkulan (sosialisasi/Advokasi), Membangun Kemitraan, Membangun komitmen Stakeholder dan Pengambilan keputusan selanjutnya pada tahap akhir adalah Implementasi (implementation) dari Mengumpulkan Sumber Daya, Penempatan SDM, Pelatihan Teknis/Mekanisme dari Kecamatan sampai desa serta Monitoring dan Evaluasi.
Total lipid and fatty acid composition of mesozooplankton functional group members in the NE Pacific over a range of productivity regimes
Authors: Stevens CJ , Sahota R , Galbraith MD , Venello TA , Bazinet AC , Hennekes M , Yongblah K , Juniper SK
Published: February 2022

Fish, whales, and seabirds along the productive west coast of Vancouver Island (WCVI), NE Pacific, rely on copepod prey that are assumed to be rich in lipid. However, the total lipid (TL) and fatty acid content of most copepod species and other mesozooplankton in this region have not been measured. To assess the diets and quality of zooplankton prey off the WCVI, we investigated differences in lipid content and composition of mesozooplankton according to their taxonomic versus functional group identities. Copepods, chaetognaths, euphausiids, and amphipods, belonging to 3 different functional groups, were sampled on the WCVI during pre-, mid-, and post-bloom conditions. Compared to taxonomic classifications, the functional group approach was superior in its ability to discern statistical differences in TL among zooplankton and between seasons. Furthermore, multivariate analyses using zooplankton fatty acid composition from all oceanographic regimes produced 3 to 4 statistically different clusters of species that corroborated functional group designations. However, some trophic flexibility was observed in several copepod species, particularly Calanus marshallae, that may relate to food scarcity or the presence of potentially noxious prey. The omnivorous-herbivorous functional group frequently contained higher amounts of TL and masses of essential fatty acids than the carnivorous group. Euphausiids and C. marshallae contributed the most lipid (mg m-3) to the pelagic ‘lipid pool’, due to very high lipid content and high abundance, respectively. However, on the continental slope and shelf break, chaetognaths and Neocalanus spp. copepods contributed substantially to the lipid pool.
Effects of the perfusion flow rate on skeletal muscle energy metabolism and a possible role of second messengers in this process
Authors: Štefl B , Žurmanová J
Published: February 2022

The metabolic turnover in the isolated in vitro perfused and superfused rat skeletal muscle (musculus gracilis cranialis) was enhanced by increasing the medium flow rate under relaxed conditions. In a recent study we have measured the tissue concentrations of second messengers: cyclic adenosine 3'5'-monophosphate (cAMP), cyclic guanosine 3'5'-monophosphate (cGMP), and D-myo-inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) under similar experimental conditions to analyze their potential role in the described stimulation of metabolic rate by changes of perfusion flow rate. The tissue levels of the two second messengers' cAMP and cGMP were not significantly changed after increasing the perfusion flow rate and they probably have no transduction role in the induced alteration of skeletal muscle metabolism. However, the IP3 content was extremely reduced after increasing flow rate. This decrease in the tissue concentration of IP3 induced by increasing the flow rate indicates the possible role of IP3 in this signal transduction, leading to changes in the cellular metabolic pathways.
The influence of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and very low calorie diet (VLCD) during a short-term weight reducing regimen on weight loss and serum fatty acid composition in severely obese women
Authors: Kunešová M , Braunerová R , Hlavatý P , Tvrzická E , Staňková B , Škrha J , Hilgertová J , Hill M , Kopecký J , Wagenknecht M , Hainer V , Matoulek M , Pařizková J , Žák A , Svačina Š
Published: February 2022

Polyunsaturated fatty acids of n-3 series (n-3 PUFA) were shown to increase basal fat oxidation in humans. The aim of the study was to compare the effect of n-3 PUFA added to a very low calorie diet (VLCD), with VLCD only during three-week inpatient weight reduction. Twenty severely obese women were randomly assigned to VLCD with n-3 PUFA or with placebo. Fatty acids in serum lipid fractions were quantified by gas chromatography. Differences between the groups were determined using ANOVA. Higher weight (7.55+/-1.77 vs. 6.07+/-2.16 kg, NS), BMI (2.82+/-0.62 vs. 2.22+/-0.74, p<0.05) and hip circumference losses (4.8+/-1.81 vs. 2.5+/-2.51 cm, p<0.05) were found in the n-3 group as compared to the control group. Significantly higher increase in beta-hydroxybutyrate was found in the n-3 group showing higher ketogenesis and possible higher fatty acid oxidation. The increase in beta-hydroxybutyrate significantly correlated with the increase in serum phospholipid arachidonic acid (20:4n-6; r = 0.91, p<0.001). In the n-3 group significantly higher increase was found in n-3 PUFA (eicosapentaenoic acid, 20:5n-3, docosahexaenoic acid, 22:6n-3) in triglycerides and phospholipids. The significant decrease of palmitoleic acid (16:1n-7) and vaccenic acid (18:1n-7) in triglycerides probably reflected lower lipogenesis. A significant negative correlation between BMI change and phospholipid docosahexaenoic acid change was found (r = -0.595, p<0.008). The results suggest that long chain n-3 PUFA enhance weight loss in obese females treated by VLCD. Docosahexaenoate (22:6n-3) seems to be the active component.
Normocapnic high-frequency oscillatory ventilation affects differently extrapulmonary and pulmonary forms of acute respiratory distress syndrome in adults
Authors: Pachl J , Roubík K , Waldauf P , Frič M , Zábrodský V
Published: February 2022

The recently reported differences between pulmonary and extrapulmonary acute respiratory distress syndromes (ARDS(p), ARDS(exp)) are the main reasons of scientific discussion on potential differences in the effects of current ventilatory strategies. The aim of this study is to assess whether the presence of ARDS(p) or ARDS(exp) can differently affect the beneficial effects of high-frequency oscillatory ventilation (HFOV) upon physiological and clinical parameters. Thirty adults fulfilling the ARDS criteria were indicated for HFOV in case of failure of conventional ventilation strategy. According to the ARDS type, each patient was included either in the group of patients with ARDS(p) or ARDS(exp). Six hours after normocapnic HFOV introduction, there was no significant increase in PaO2/F(I)O2 in ARDS(p) group (from 129+/-47 to 133+/-50 Torr), but a significant improvement was found in ARDS(exp) (from 114+/-54 to 200+/-65 Torr, p<0.01). Despite the insignificant difference in the latest mean airway pressure (MAP) on conventional mechanical ventilation (CMV) between both groups, initial optimal continuous distension pressure (CDP) for the best PaO2/F(I)O2 during HFOV was 2.0+/-0.6 kPa in ARDS(p) and 2.8+/-0.6 kPa in ARDS(exp) (p<0.01). HFOV recruits and thus it is more effective in ARDS(exp). ARDS(exp) patients require higher CDP levels than ARDS(p) patients. The testing period for positive effect of HFOV is recommended not to be longer than 24 hours.
A Controversial Assessment of Fitness to Fly After a Traumatic Brain Injury
Authors: Verde Paola , Guadagno Anton Giulio , D’Angelo Angelica , Vitalone Roberto , Di Vita Antonella , Piccardi Laura
Published: February 2022

INTRODUCTION: After traumatic brain injury (TBI), cognitive, behavioral alterations and seizures frequently occur. Beside instrumental examinations, neuropsychological testing is the common clinical practice for detecting cognitive deficits. However, in highly skilled individuals,
subtle changes with a large impact on fitness to fly may be neglected.CASE REPORT: A 28-yr-old Italian Air Force pilot with almost 700 flying hours suffered a TBI. After 2 yr of cognitive retraining programs, as the neuropsychological evaluation executed in a public hospital was
within the standards and repeated EEGs had all been normal, the pilot was allowed to resume flying duties. During the refresh flight training, he was not considered proficient for solo flight and was again referred to the Institute of Aerospace Medicine (IMAS), where, due to the absence of
a neuropsychologist, the pilot was referred to a public hospital. Again, he was within the normal range and received a fitness to fly with limitations. Nevertheless, the flight instructors noticed the presence of cyclic errors. Consequently, he was sent for a third time to the IMAS, where
the cooperation between a neuropsychologist and a flight surgeon allowed a tailored testing.DISCUSSION: With a proper evaluation, the subject showed deficits in topographic visuospatial learning and in prospective memory. After 5 yr, he was finally declared permanently unfit to
fly. Specific neuropsychological batteries, simulated flight tests, and aeromedical evaluations are described here.Verde P, Guadagno AG, D’Angelo A, Vitalone R, Di Vita A, Piccardi L. A controversial assessment of fitness to fly after a traumatic brain injury. Aerosp Med
Hum Perform. 2022; 93(2):116–122.
Team Effectiveness and Person-Environment Adaptation in an Analog Lunar Habitat
Authors: Kjærgaard Anders , Leon Gloria R. , Chterev Konstantin
Published: February 2022

BACKGROUND: Maintaining psychologically adaptive relationships among team members operating in an isolated, confined, and extreme (ICE) environment for an extended period continues to be a challenge, with relevance for long-duration missions to the Moon and beyond.METHODS:
Two male architects were studied who lived and worked over a 60-d period in a polar ICE environment in a lunar analog habitat they designed and helped construct. Psychological measures were completed at different points of the mission, including a post-mission debriefing interview.RESULTS:
Team members were highly different from each other on a number of personality traits, personal values, and stress and coping factors. Marked differences were noted on NEO-PI-3 Agreeableness and Extraversion personality traits, and Portrait Values Questionnaire (PVQ) Stimulation, Power, and
Achievement values. Team Effectiveness Questionnaire (TEQ) findings showed consistency between team members with high ratings on the Passion and Commitment and Purpose and Goals scales, and low ratings on the Roles scale. The leveling influence of decision authority and its deleterious effect
on interpersonal interactions and work performance was evident. The interior design with attention to materials that made it more Earth-like and the circadian lighting system were associated with ease of work performance and promotion of relaxation and privacy.DISCUSSION: The study
findings demonstrated the impact of incompatibility in personality traits and values on team performance, challenges regarding decision authority in a long-term dyadic relationship, and highlighted the human factors components of the habitat that facilitated effective individual and team functioning.Kjærgaard
A, Leon GR, Chterev K. Team effectiveness and person-environment adaptation in an analog lunar habitat. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2022; 93(2):70–78.
Greenhouse gas emissions from New Zealand sheep and beef farms
Authors: Vibart Ronaldo Eduardo , Rennie Grant , Hutchinson Kathryn , Burtt Andrew , Chrystal Jane , Dynes Robyn
Published: February 2022

This project aimed to develop a dataset containing animal policies, production efficiencies, and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions of a large number of sheep and beef farms, and to examine the relationships between farm management and farm physical constraints, and GHG emissions. We used the farm-scale model Farmax to estimate feed inventories, livestock policies and GHG emissions of 170 New Zealand sheep and beef farms. Emissions were calculated from Farmax outputs using Agricultural Inventory methodology. We used a quantitative approach to cluster farms based on physical constraints and management attributes. Mean annual biological GHG emissions from the modelled farms were 3,662 kg CO2 equivalents (CO2-e) per effective hectare, and ranged from 157 to 7,096 kg CO2-e/effective ha. As stocking rate and animal product (wool + net carcass weight) per effective hectare increased, GHG emissions increased. However, there was considerable variability in the data; farms with GHG emissions of approximately 4,000 kg CO2-e/effective ha had an almost three-fold difference in animal product (range 129 to 360 kg/effective ha). Our work provides a holistic assessment of the farm-scale drivers of GHG emissions and a comprehensive current state of affairs or baseline from which future trends in farm-scale GHG emissions can be established.
The development of Pallaton Raphanobrassica for New Zealand farming systems
Authors: Dumbleton Andrew , Foley Fiona , Westwood Charlotte , Box Gemma
Published: February 2022

‘Pallaton’) is an allotetraploid, produced from kale(Brassica oleracea L.) x radish (Raphanus raphanistrumsubsp. sativus L.). It is a multi-graze forage, selected forhigh cumulative yield, water efficiency and resistanceto clubroot (Plasmodiophora brassicae). This paperdescribes the breeding, agronomy and nutritive valueof ‘Pallaton’, which can be grazed in situ between42 and 70 days after sowing (DAS) with no specificcrop maturity requirement. Cumulative yield of threeconsecutive harvests, analysed by meta-analysisof eighteen trials from 2013 to 2019 on three sites,showed ‘Pallaton’ had a greater yield of 16,254 kg DM/ha than forage rape (B. napus spp. biennis, cv. ‘Titan’)and leafy turnip (B. rapa; syn. B. campestris cv. ‘PasjaII’) at 12,639 and 10,965 kg DM/ha, respectively. Afurther trial, comparing nutritive values, demonstrated‘Pallaton’ has a similar profile to ‘Titan’. ‘Pallaton’ maybe rotationally grazed for up to twelve months wheninitially grazed by livestock at 350 - 400 mm plantheight between 42 and 70 DAS. Livestock consuming‘Pallaton’ are susceptible to the same potential animalhealth concerns as other Brassica species, but representsa forage option for sheep, beef, deer and dairy farming,particularly those in challenging environments.
Partial replacement of ryegrass and clover herbage with chicory to alter urination behaviour and soil nitrogen loading of grazing dairy cows
Authors: Mangwe Mancoba Christopher , Bryant Racheal
Published: February 2022

Chicory (Chicorum intybus L.) is a high moisture, low fibre forage, traits that have been identified to influence protein degradation and urea metabolism. Our recent study revealed that sole diets of chicory increased urinations and diluted the concentration of nitrogen in the urine. The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of feeding a lesser proportion of chicory in the diet, and the impact of the diurnal changes in chemical composition of chicory on urinations and urinary nitrogen concentration. Thirty-six dairy cows were evenly divided into nine groups, and randomly allocated either ryegrass/white clove only (RGWC), ryegrass/white clove plus morning allocation of chicory (CHAM) or ryegrass/white clove plus afternoon allocation of chicory (CHPM). Chicory inclusion increased urinations by up to 69%, resulting in a 33% mean decline in UN concentration, independently of time of allocation. While farmers are encouraged to adopt mitigation strategies to reduce urinary N losses, there is value in offering a range of forage options to improve adoption.  These results show that low moistures forages including chicory have the potential to reduce nitrogen leaching through changes in urination behaviour and urinary nitrogen loading.
Size of the prize: the value of closing pasture yield gaps on heterogeneous soil types in a dairy farm in Canterbury, New Zealand
Authors: Taylor Anna , Andreucci Mariana , Zydenbos Sue
Published: February 2022

Identifying opportunities to further improve pasture production on high producing, irrigated Canterbury dairy farms is complex. An innovation systems approach was used to identify the factors contributing to variation in pasture production on a case study farm such as: soil characteristics, irrigation management, and grass grub populations.  This paper focuses on the value proposition of managing soil zones to optimise pasture production. Using EM38 mapping, area under a single centre pivot irrigator were characterised into soil zones of ‘low’, ‘medium’ and ‘high’.  Actual measurements of irrigation application and soil characteristics were modelled in APSIM to estimate the pasture production of ‘low’ and ‘medium’ soil zones under a constant irrigation regime, giving an annual difference of 2900 kg DM/ha between the zones. In a ‘typical irrigated Canterbury System 4 dairy farm’ modelled in FARMAX, with 20% ‘low’ and 80% ‘medium’ soil zones, increasing the pasture growth in the ‘low’ zone to that of the ‘medium’ zone gave an increase of 580 kg DM/ha. This produced an increase of 51 kg/ha of milk solids and increased the stocking rate by 0.2 cow/ha, which resulted in a profit increase of $298/ha/year. The value of this on a 255 ha farm would be $75,000 per annum, while at a regional scale, increasing the productivity of the 52,900 ha of ‘low’ zone soils on irrigated dairy farms in Canterbury would add around $14 M of profit. Taking a data-driven spatial management approach to understanding the drivers of variability in pasture production has potential to identify opportunities and their potential value even in high-performing systems.
Transnational Auto/Biography and European Identity: Klaus Mann's Portrait of André Gide
Authors: Rensen Marleen
Published: February 2022

This article studies transnational biography avant la lettre by looking closely at Klaus Mann's 1943 portrait of the French writer André Gide. Writing against the backdrop of the battle against Nazism and war, Mann presents Gide as an exemplary European, who combined a strong national identity with an open, cosmopolitan mindset. The article shows how he unpacks his subject's multiple identities, while presenting a coherent life narrative, structured around the polarities of individual/communal and national/European. It further examines how writing Gide's biography influenced Mann's self-presentation as a European artist in his autobiography The Turning Point, thus aiming to reach a better understanding of how transnationalism is lived and produced through life-writing practices. Finally, this article explores the pitfalls and challenges of transnational biography by looking closely at Mann's use of national categories and his tendency to associate transnationalism with idealizing notions of crossing and breaking down borders.
The Concept of Sense in Gilles Deleuze'sLogic of Sense
Authors: Smith Daniel W.
Published: February 2022

What is the concept of sense developed by Deleuze in his 1969 Logic of Sense? This paper attempts to answer this question analysing the three dimensions of language that Deleuze isolates: the primary order of noises and intensities (depth); the secondary order of sense (surface); and the tertiary organisation of propositions (height). What renders language possible is that which separates sounds from bodies (the primary order) and organises them into propositions (the tertiary organisation), freeing them for the expressive function. Deleuze argues that it is the dimension of sense that brings about this genesis of language, and he analyses in detail the three syntheses (connection, conjunction and disjunction) that bring about the production of this surface of sense. Yet Deleuze also distinguishes between two types of non-sense: the nonsense of Lewis Carroll's portmanteau words, which remain ensconced in the dimension of sense, and the more profound nonsense of Antonin Artaud's psychotic scream-breaths (‘Ratara ratara ratara Atara tatara rana Otara otara katara’), which penetrate the almost unbearable world of the primary order of noise and intensities. In the end, the focus of Logic of Sense is less the surface domain of sense than the primary depth of corporeal intensities. What Deleuze calls a ‘minor’ use of language is nothing other than an intensive use of language that constitutes a principle of metamorphosis.
The Ultimate Meaning of Counter-Actualisation: On the Ethics of the Univocity of Being in Deleuze'sLogic of Sense
Authors: Lawlor Leonard
Published: February 2022

As is well known, Deleuze says in Difference and Repetition that ‘the task of contemporary philosophy has been defined: to reverse Platonism’. This task is then continued in Logic of Sense, through its discussion of Stoic logic. Deleuze says there that ‘the Stoics are the first to reverse Platonism’. And, at the same time, in the big Spinoza book, we see Deleuze present Spinoza's ‘anti-Cartesian reaction’. This anti-Cartesian reaction is equivalent to the reversal of Platonism. We can say then that the task of the reversal of Platonism unifies the three books Deleuze published at the end of the Sixties. The thesis of this essay will consist in arguing that ethics we find in Logic of Sense – which we can call ‘the ethics of the univocity of being’ – completes, in a constructive way, Deleuze's early project of the reversal of Platonism. The ethics centres on the idea of counter-actualisation. We shall argue that there are four senses of counter-actualisation. Here is a summary of the four senses of counter-actualisation: (1) beatitude against resentment (against presentist modes of measurement); (2) caring for the sense against neglecting the sense (denouncing any one determinate answer); (3) the embodiment of plural hopings and rememberings against the embodiment of one hope and one memory (against the character); and (4) ‘just enough’ against ‘too much’ (against suicide). Yet, as we shall see, there is a fifth meaning of counter-actualisation, the ultimate meaning. The ultimate sense of counter-actualisation is universal freedom. This is where my essay will end.
Glycemic Control in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Descriptive Survey in Makassar City Hospitals
Authors: Haskas Yusran , Suarnianti Suarnianti , Restika Indah
Published: February 2022

Aims: This study aims to determine the frequency distribution based on the respondent's glycemic control in the hospitals in Makassar City
Methdos: This research is a non-experimental quantitative research using descriptive method. This research was conducted in hospitals in Makassar City, South Sulawesi (RSUD Kota Makassar, Bhayangkara Hospital Makassar, Pelamonia Hospital Makassar, Labuang Baji Hospital, RSUD Haji Makassar, and Ibnu Sina Hospital Makassar). The total of samples in this study amounted to 291 patients with diabetes mellitus using purposive sampling.
Results: Based on the results of the our study, it was found that there were 161 (55.3%) people with diabetes mellitus with less glycemic control and 130 (44.7%) people with diabetes mellitus with good glycemic control.
Conclusions: In the management of diabetes management with monitoring blood sugar levels is very important. Thus, good glycemic control will be declined diabetes complications. Consequently, it is highly recommended for people with diabetes mellitus to reduce the complications of Type 2 DM by complying with glycemic control.
Successful Desensitization to mRNA COVID-19 Vaccine in a Case Series of Patients With a History of Anaphylaxis to the First Vaccine Dose
Authors: AlMuhizi Faisal , Ton-Leclerc Shaonie , Fein Michael , Tsoukas Christos , Garvey Lene Heise , Lee Derek , Ben-Shoshan Moshe , Isabwe Ghislaine A. C. , Copaescu Ana M.
Published: February 2022

Background

Coronavirus disease 2109 (COVID-19) vaccines have recently been approved to curb the global pandemic. The risk of allergic reactions to the vaccine polyethylene glycol (PEG) component has raised significant public concern. Desensitization is suggested in cases of vaccine related hypersensitivity reactions. After comprehensive literature review on the topic, our aim was to establish a safe and effective desensitization protocol for patients with suspected or confirmed immediate type hypersensitivity reactions to the COVID-19 vaccine.

Methods

Participants were referred to the McGill University Health Center (MUHC) Allergy-Immunology department for clinical evaluation following a reported reaction to their first dose of Moderna® mRNA-1273 or Pfizer-BioNTech® BNT162b2 vaccines. They underwent skin prick testing (SPT) with higher and lower molecular weight (MW) PEG and polysorbate 80, as per published protocols. Their second dose was administered following a desensitization protocol consisting of multiple dose-administration steps followed by a 60-min observation period.

Results

Among a cohort of 142 patients with an increased risk for allergic reactions to the COVID-19 vaccines, six individuals were selected to undergo desensitization. All were female with allergic background including chronic spontaneous urticaria, anaphylaxis to medications, and/or vaccines. The main symptom after their first dose was difficulty swallowing with lightheadedness or immediate urticaria, angioedema, and/or dizziness. Two patients had positive skin testing. One patient was on chronic antihistamines which resulted in an inconclusive PEG skin test and the skin testing was negative for the three other patients. During the desensitization, two patients reported cutaneous symptoms of an immediate reaction and were managed with antihistamines. One of these patients also complained of ear pressure and had a drop in her systolic blood pressure, treated with intravenous fluids.

Conclusion

This study suggests that some individuals with an immediate-type hypersensitivity reaction to their first dose of mRNA COVID-19 vaccine may safely receive their second dose using a desensitization protocol. The success of this desensitization protocol is a step forward in the fight against COVID-19, allowing more individuals to be immunized.
Multi-Level Computational Modeling of Anti-Cancer Dendritic Cell Vaccination Utilized to Select Molecular Targets for Therapy Optimization
Authors: Lai Xin , Keller Christine , Santos Guido , Schaft Niels , Dörrie Jan , Vera Julio
Published: February 2022

Dendritic cells (DCs) can be used for therapeutic vaccination against cancer. The success of this therapy depends on efficient tumor-antigen presentation to cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) and the induction of durable CTL responses by the DCs. Therefore, simulation of such a biological system by computational modeling is appealing because it can improve our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying CTL induction by DCs and help identify new strategies to improve therapeutic DC vaccination for cancer. Here, we developed a multi-level model accounting for the life cycle of DCs during anti-cancer immunotherapy. Specifically, the model is composed of three parts representing different stages of DC immunotherapy – the spreading and bio-distribution of intravenously injected DCs in human organs, the biochemical reactions regulating the DCs’ maturation and activation, and DC-mediated activation of CTLs. We calibrated the model using quantitative experimental data that account for the activation of key molecular circuits within DCs, the bio-distribution of DCs in the body, and the interaction between DCs and T cells. We showed how such a data-driven model can be exploited in combination with sensitivity analysis and model simulations to identify targets for enhancing anti-cancer DC vaccination. Since other previous works show how modeling improves therapy schedules and DC dosage, we here focused on the molecular optimization of the therapy. In line with this, we simulated the effect in DC vaccination of the concerted modulation of combined intracellular regulatory processes and proposed several possibilities that can enhance DC-mediated immunogenicity. Taken together, we present a comprehensive time-resolved multi-level model for studying DC vaccination in melanoma. Although the model is not intended for personalized patient therapy, it could be used as a tool for identifying molecular targets for optimizing DC-based therapy for cancer, which ultimately should be tested in in vitro and in vivo experiments.
Mitochondria Lead the Way: Mitochondrial Dynamics and Function in Cellular Movements in Development and Disease
Authors: Madan Somya , Uttekar Bhavin , Chowdhary Sayali , Rikhy Richa
Published: February 2022

The dynamics, distribution and activity of subcellular organelles are integral to regulating cell shape changes during various physiological processes such as epithelial cell formation, cell migration and morphogenesis. Mitochondria are famously known as the powerhouse of the cell and play an important role in buffering calcium, releasing reactive oxygen species and key metabolites for various activities in a eukaryotic cell. Mitochondrial dynamics and morphology changes regulate these functions and their regulation is, in turn, crucial for various morphogenetic processes. In this review, we evaluate recent literature which highlights the role of mitochondrial morphology and activity during cell shape changes in epithelial cell formation, cell division, cell migration and tissue morphogenesis during organism development and in disease. In general, we find that mitochondrial shape is regulated for their distribution or translocation to the sites of active cell shape dynamics or morphogenesis. Often, key metabolites released locally and molecules buffered by mitochondria play crucial roles in regulating signaling pathways that motivate changes in cell shape, mitochondrial shape and mitochondrial activity. We conclude that mechanistic analysis of interactions between mitochondrial morphology, activity, signaling pathways and cell shape changes across the various cell and animal-based model systems holds the key to deciphering the common principles for this interaction.
Low pH Attenuates Apoptosis by Suppressing the Volume-Sensitive Outwardly Rectifying (VSOR) Chloride Current in Chondrocytes
Authors: Kittl Michael , Winklmayr Martina , Preishuber-Pflügl Julia , Strobl Victoria , Gaisberger Martin , Ritter Markus , Jakab Martin
Published: February 2022

In a variety of physiological and pathophysiological conditions, cells are exposed to acidic environments. Severe synovial fluid acidification also occurs in a progressive state of osteoarthritis (OA) affecting articular chondrocytes. In prior studies extracellular acidification has been shown to protect cells from apoptosis but the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. In the present study, we demonstrate that the inhibition of Cl− currents plays a significant role in the antiapoptotic effect of acidification in human articular chondrocytes. Drug-induced apoptosis was analyzed after exposure to staurosporine by caspase 3/7 activity and by annexin-V/7-actinomycin D (7-AAD) staining, followed by flow cytometry. Cell viability was assessed by resazurin, CellTiter-Glo and CellTiter-Fluor assays. Cl− currents and the mean cell volume were determined using the whole cell patch clamp technique and the Coulter method, respectively. The results reveal that in C28/I2 cells extracellular acidification decreases caspase 3/7 activity, enhances cell viability following staurosporine treatment and gradually deactivates the volume-sensitive outwardly rectifying (VSOR) Cl− current. Furthermore, the regulatory volume decrease (RVD) as well as the apoptotic volume decrease (ADV), which represents an early event during apoptosis, were absent under acidic conditions after hypotonicity-induced cell swelling and staurosporine-induced apoptosis, respectively. Like acidosis, the VSOR Cl− current inhibitor DIDS rescued chondrocytes from apoptotic cell death and suppressed AVD after induction of apoptosis with staurosporine. Similar to acidosis and DIDS, the VSOR channel blockers NPPB, niflumic acid (NFA) and DCPIB attenuated the staurosporine-induced AVD. NPPB and NFA also suppressed staurosporine-induced caspase 3/7 activation, while DCPIB and Tamoxifen showed cytotoxic effects per se. From these data, we conclude that the deactivation of VSOR Cl− currents impairs cell volume regulation under acidic conditions, which is likely to play an important role in the survivability of human articular chondrocytes.
LncAABR07025387.1 Enhances Myocardial Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury Via miR-205/ACSL4-Mediated Ferroptosis
Authors: Sun Weixin , Wu Xiang , Yu Peng , Zhang Qian , Shen Le , Chen Jiandong , Tong Huaqin , Fan Manlu , Shi Haibo , Chen Xiaohu
Published: February 2022

Ferroptosis is associated with the pathology of myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (MI/R) injury following myocardial infarction, which is a leading cause of death worldwide. Although long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are known to regulate gene expression, their roles in MI/R-induced ferroptosis remain unclear. In this study, we explored the lncRNA expression profiles in a rat model of MI/R injury and found that the novel lncRNA, lncAABR07025387.1, was highly expressed in MI/R-injured myocardial tissues and hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R)-challenged myocardial cells. Silencing lncAABR07025387.1 improved MI/R injury in vivo and inhibited myocardial cell ferroptosis under H/R conditions. Bioinformatics analyses and luciferase, pull-down, and RNA-binding immunoprecipitation assays further revealed that lncAABR07025387.1 interacted with miR-205, which directly targeted ACSL4, a known contributor to ferroptosis. Furthermore, downregulating miR-205 reversed the ACSL4 inhibition induced by silencing lncAABR07025387.1. These findings suggest that, mechanistically, lncAABR07025387.1 negatively regulates miR-205 expression and subsequently upregulates ACSL4-mediated ferroptosis. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that lncAABR07025387.1 acts as a competing endogenous RNA during MI/R injury and highlights the therapeutic potential of lncRNAs for treating myocardial injury.
Zfp57 Exerts Maternal and Sexually Dimorphic Effects on Genomic Imprinting
Authors: Xu Zhen , Shi Jiajia , Zhang Yu , Liu Yuhan , Zhao Junzheng , Chen Qian , Song Chenglin , Geng Shuhui , Xie Wei , Wu Feizhen , Bai Yun , Yang Yang , Li Xiajun
Published: February 2022

Zfp57 has both maternal and zygotic functions in mouse. It maintains genomic imprinting at most known imprinted regions and controls allelic expression of the target imprinted genes in mouse embryos. The DNA methylation imprint at many imprinting control regions (ICRs) is lost when both maternal and zygotic Zfp57 are absent in Zfp57 maternal–zygotic mutant mouse embryos. Interestingly, we found that DNA methylation at a few ICRs was partially lost without maternal Zfp57 in Zfp57 heterozygous mouse embryos derived from Zfp57 homozygous female mice. This suggests that maternal Zfp57 is essential for the maintenance of DNA methylation at a small subset of imprinted regions in mouse embryos. This maternal effect of Zfp57 was applied to allelic expression switch as well as expression levels of the corresponding imprinted genes. It is rather surprising that DNA methylation imprint was affected differently at Rasgrf1 and AK008011 imprinted regions in the female or male Zfp57 maternal–zygotic mutant embryos, with more significant loss of DNA methylation observed in the male mutant embryos. Loss of ZFP57 resulted in gender-specific differences in allelic expression switch and expression level changes of some imprinted genes in female or male mutant embryos. These results indicate maternal and sexually dimorphic effects of ZFP57 on genomic imprinting in mouse.
A Jack of All Trades: The Role of Pneumococcal Surface Protein A in the Pathogenesis of Streptococcus pneumoniae
Authors: Lane Jessica R. , Tata Muralidhar , Briles David E. , Orihuela Carlos J.
Published: February 2022

Streptococcus pneumoniae(Spn), or the pneumococcus, is a Gram-positive bacterium that colonizes the upper airway.Spnis an opportunistic pathogen capable of life-threatening disease should it become established in the lungs, gain access to the bloodstream, or disseminate to vital organs including the central nervous system.Spnis encapsulated, allowing it to avoid phagocytosis, and current preventative measures against infection include polyvalent vaccines composed of capsular polysaccharide corresponding to its most prevalent serotypes. The pneumococcus also has a plethora of surface components that allow the bacteria to adhere to host cells, facilitate the evasion of the immune system, and obtain vital nutrients; one family of these are the choline-binding proteins (CBPs). Pneumococcal surface protein A (PspA) is one of the most abundant CBPs and confers protection against the host by inhibiting recognition by C-reactive protein and neutralizing the antimicrobial peptide lactoferricin. Recently our group has identified two new roles for PspA: binding to dying host cells via host-cell bound glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase and co-opting of host lactate dehydrogenase to enhance lactate availability. These properties have been shown to influenceSpnlocalization and enhance virulence in the lower airway, respectively. Herein, we review the impact of CBPs, and in particular PspA, on pneumococcal pathogenesis. We discuss the potential and limitations of using PspA as a conserved vaccine antigen in a conjugate vaccine formulation. PspA is a vital component of the pneumococcal virulence arsenal – therefore, understanding the molecular aspects of this protein is essential in understanding pneumococcal pathogenesis and utilizing PspA as a target for treating or preventing pneumococcal pneumonia.
Preliminary Identification of the Aerobic Cervicovaginal Microbiota in Mexican Women With Cervical Cancer as the First Step Towards Metagenomic Studies
Authors: Manzanares-Leal Gauddy Lizeth , Coronel-Martínez Jaime Alberto , Rodríguez-Morales Miguel , Rangel-Cuevas Iván , Bustamante-Montes Lilia Patricia , Sandoval-Trujillo Horacio , Ramírez-Durán Ninfa
Published: February 2022

Cervical cancer (CC) is considered a public health problem. Recent studies have evaluated the possible relationship between the cervicovaginal microbiome and gynecologic cancer but have not studied the relationship between aerobic bacterial communities and neoplasia. The study aimed to identify the cultivable aerobic bacterial microbiota in women with cervical cancer as a preliminary approach to the metagenomic study of the cervicovaginal microbiome associated with cervical cancer in Mexican women. An observational cross-sectional study was conducted, including 120 women aged 21-71 years, divided into two study groups, women with locally advanced CC (n=60) and women without CC (n=60). Sociodemographic, gynecological-obstetric, sexual, and habit data were collected. Cervicovaginal samples were collected by swabbing, from which standard microbiological methods obtained culturable bacteria. The strains were genetically characterized by PCR-RFLP of the 16S rRNA gene and subsequently identified by sequencing the same gene. Variables regularly reported as risk factors for the disease were found in women with CC. Differences were found in the prevalence and number of species isolated in each study group. Bacteria commonly reported in women with aerobic vaginitis were identified. There were 12 species in women with CC, mainly Corynebacterium spp. and Staphylococcus spp.; we found 13 bacterial species in the group without cancer, mainly Enterococcus spp. and Escherichia spp. The advanced stages presented a more significant number of isolates and species. This study provided a preliminary test for cervicovaginal metagenomic analysis, demonstrating the presence of aerobic cervicovaginal dysbiosis in women with CC and the need for more in-depth studies.
Contributions to the Improvement of Climate Data Availability and Quality for Sub-Saharan Africa
Authors: Kaspar Frank , Andersson Axel , Ziese Markus , Hollmann Rainer
Published: February 2022

Reliable weather observations are the basis to assess climate change and variability. Compared to other regions of the world, long time series of weather observations are sparse in many countries of Sub-Saharan Africa. Various activities at national or international level are ongoing to improve the availability and quality of climate databases. Here, we present ongoing international contributions with a focus on representative examples hosted at Germany's national meteorological service DWD (Deutscher Wetterdienst). The international exchange of monthly climate reports (CLIMAT) is monitored within the Monitoring Centre of the GCOS Surface Network (Global Climate Observing System). In that context also quality control is performed and data are made publicly available. Recent climate observations can be complemented by digitization of historical hand-written weather observations which are available in distributed archives. International data centers, such as the Global Precipitation Climatology Centre (GPCC), collect international data. They perform quality-control of these observations and provide derived products in support of global and regional climate assessments. These activities can also contribute to the improvement of national climate databases, as e.g., demonstrated in a cooperation among selected countries with the SASSCAL initiative (Southern African Science Service Centre for Climate Change and Adaptive Land Management). Satellite-based observations are an additional source that can provide climatological information for selected parameters. In particular, the METEOSAT satellite series provides valuable data for the African continent. The Satellite Application Facility on Climate Monitoring (CM SAF) provides high resolution climate data covering the last decades derived from observations of such meteorological satellites. Based on these examples the paper illustrates the variety of ongoing international efforts in support of regional observation-based climate information, but also identifies the needs for further activities.
Uplift and Expansion of the North Qilian Shan Recorded by Detrital Fission Tracks in the Jiudong Basin, NW China
Authors: Pan Baotian , Zhao Qiming , Hu Xiaofei , Zhang Jiaxin , Chen Dianbao
Published: February 2022

The North Qilian Shan, located in the northeastern front of the Tibetan Plateau, is an ideal region to study the expansion process of the plateau, which is not clearly revealed due to the lack of direct evidence and an accurate age control. In the Jiudong Basin (foreland basin of the North Qilian Shan), a continuous late Cenozoic sedimentary sequence and a reliable chronostratigraphic framework (post-7 Ma) provide us the material to study this process. In this study, we first analyzed the provenance changes of the sediment by detrital apatite fission track age distributions and apatite particle textures. The result shows that the first provenance change occurred at 4.6–3.6 Ma, when the sediment source changed from the southern to the northern parts of the North Qilian Shan, and it indicates that the North Qilian Shan Fault had propagated to its modern location. The second provenance change occurred at 3.0–2.4 Ma, at when the Yumu Shan and its south region began to provide sediments for the Jiudong Basin, and it indicates that the tectonic deformation in the North Qilian Shan had expanded to the North Yumu Shan Fault. Our finding suggests that two significant expansion events happened since the Pliocene for the North Qilian Shan.