bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
On the Therapeutic Applications of Music in Persian Medicine
Authors: Gorji Narjes , Moeini Reihaneh , Mozaffarpur Seyyed Ali
Published: April 2021

Music history is as old as human history and it has been used as a way to reduce human suffering. Persian Medicine (PM) scholars as one of the oldest traditional medicines applied music for health and disease management. This study aims to introduce some of the views and recommendations of PM sages about importance and application of music in disease improvement. Definition and applications of music were collected from main PM medical text books and then databases including Science direct, PubMed, Scopus and Google scholar were searched to evaluation the efficacy of PM recommendations in conventional medicine from 1980-Jan-1 to 2020-Nov-1. PM used music and melody with several instruments to calm and soothe mind and body. Great PM scientists like Rhazes (10th), Farabi (10th) and Qutb o Din (14th), were dominant figures in terms of musical knowledge. They used music for treatment of several conditions including nervous system diseases (headache and epilepsy), sleep disorders, heart weakness and palpitation, digestive system disorders (gastrointestinal ulcer and appetite), sexual dysfunction, and also for pain management. Nowadays, some of their suggested applications are examined in research studies and are used in academic healthcare environments against several diseases. According to PM, to achieve the maximum impact of music effects in mind and body, several points should be considered including coordination of rhythm and melody with physical and mental characteristics and temperaments (Mizaj) of the listener and his/her illness. The duration of listening to the music can also be important. Attention to these points in today’s research may lead to interesting results.
Qtc Prolongation as Prognostic Marker in Organophosphate Poisoning
Authors: Thakur Dr. Digbijay Kumar , Gaire Dr. Dhruba , Jha Dr. Siddi Datri , Mahaseth Dr. Rameshwar
Published: April 2021

Background

The long QT syndrome (LQTS) is a disorder of myocardial repolarization characterized by a prolonged QT interval on the electrocardiogram (ECG). This syndrome is associated with an increased risk of polymorphic ventricular tachycardia, a characteristic life-threatening cardiac arrhythmia also known as torsades de pointes. A rate related corrected QT interval (QTc) can be calculated as QT/√RR and normally is ≤0.44s. Some references given QTc upper normal limits as 0.43s in men and 0.45s in female. OP compound supposed to block K+ channel and Na+/Ca++ channel and hence causing prolongation of QT interval. As we know that prolongation of QT interval may precipitate polymorphic ventricular tachycardia and sudden cardiac death, so it become important in case of OP poisoning and related mortality. In this study, I calculated corrected QT interval in diagnosed cases of OP poisoning admitted at Bir Hospital and compared QTc among those with complications and without complication. I also tried to evaluate QTc as a predictor for duration of hospital stays, ICU admission, vasopressor and mechanical ventilation requirement, higher POP score and low GCS.
The Effect of Real Exchange Rate Changes on External Trade Balance in Sudan: Testing J-Curve Hypothesis
Authors:   Al-Neelain University, IBRAHIM Ahmed Abdu Allah , BASHIR Mohamed Sharif ,   Al-Imam Muhammad Ibn Saud Islamic University
Published: April 2021

The current research article analyzes the impact of changes in real exchange rate upon external trade balance of Sudan during the period 1978-2017. It employs Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) approach, impulse response functions and Granger causality test. The empirical findings indicate that exchange rate devaluations have no impact on the merchandize trade balance, thus evidence in favor of the J-curve pattern was not found. Granger causality test runs one-way from trade ratio to real exchange rate and not the other way. Thus, the results can be considered as an additional contribution to evidence stated in literature that focused a vibrant range of economies. These findings are appropriate for policy making in Sudan as well as in various developing countries since the focal point is major trade balance deficit.
Digital Finance and the Future of Nigerian Banking System: A Review
Authors:   Modibbo Adama University of Technology, Babarinde Gbenga F. , Gidigbi Matthew O. ,   Modibbo Adama University of Technology, Ndaghu Julius T. ,   University of Nigeria, Abdulmajeed Idera T. ,   Al-Hikmah University
Published: April 2021

Digital finance is a type of financial service that employs digital products like personal computers, the internet, mobile phones, cards linked to a digital payment system. Innovations in the digital world cannot be divorced from Nigerian financial services most notably the banking sector. Therefore, it means that banking industry cannot but embrace digital innovations in their services delivery. Hence, there is a need to review the impact of digital finance in the Nigerian banking sector. Desk research method was used to examine how innovations in the digital world could impact the future financial service delivery in the Nigerian banking sector. From the review, it was that the digital world is quickly changing and this impacts banking in all ramification. It is recommended that the banking industry should try to keep pace with the digital innovations, for them to be able to meet up the demands of their digitally-savvy customers.
Employee Commitment and Job Performance in Federal University Dutsin-ma, Katsina State
Authors:   Federal University Dutsin-ma, IBRAHIM1 Aminu , GBOLAGADE Oladejo Lukman ,   Federal University Dutsin-ma, MASHI Munir Shehu ,   Federal University Dutsin-ma, IBRAHIM Kabir ,   Federal University Dutsin-ma
Published: April 2021

Employee commitment and job performance are considered to be an issue in Federal University Dutsin-ma to achieve high employee performance. The objective of this study is to study the employee commitment in relation to the performance of FUDMA Staff. The study investigated the impact of three dimensions of employee commitment-continuance, normative and affective commitments on employee Job performance. The researcher adopted a descriptive survey research design; total sample of 299 were selected using convenience sampling technique. Questionnaires were used to collect the data. Both Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficients and Multiple Regression Analysis using SPSS were used to analyze the data. The results show that there is a significant relationship between continuance commitment and Job performance. As unexpected, the relationships between normative and affective commitment are not supported. The paper recommends the University to consider provision of incentives and conducive atmosphere that will enable employees to have affection for their jobs.
Impact of State Government Revenues on Infrastructural Development in Bauchi State Nigeria
Authors:   Ahmadu Bello University, HAMMAYO Aminu , SHITTU Isah ,   Ahmadu Bello University, ABDULLAHI Aliyu A. ,   Ahmadu Bello University
Published: April 2021

The study examines the impact made by the efforts of Bauchi State Government in the development of infrastructure represented by the level of capital expenditure incurred through the utilization of the state’s revenues. Secondary data was obtained from the government’s Annual Financial Statements for the period 2006 to 2018. Ordinary Least Square regression was employed as the technique of analysis. The findings of the study revealed that share of allocation received from the federation account as well as debt both had a positive and significant influence in the provision of infrastructure while internally generated revenue, showed a negative and significant relationship. Other receipts comprising of contributions from Local Governments for the execution of joint projects as well as local and foreign grants and assistance received indicated a positive but insignificant relationship. The study recommends that policy makers should ensure a reasonable allocation of federation account revenues towards capital projects implementation. Efforts at the mobilization of internally generated revenue and grants should be intensified with funds realized used along with funding drawn from the Local Governments as well as proceeds of debts raised towards the provision of the infrastructural needs of the state.
Pérdidas necesarias e innecesarias: El duelo del analista
Authors:   William Alanson White Institute, Buechler Sandra
Published: April 2021

In this work, the author reflects on the losses faced by the clinician and the meaning and the elaboration of grief on the part of the therapist / analyst, of the experience and work lived with the patient, as well as of himself in his/her capacity as a practicing professional. After defining grief and reviewing it from the point of view of the theory of emotions, she refers to her experience with the death of a patient, and the valuable and painful impact of this experience. It also addresses losses due to treatment interruptions and abandonments, and those of its termination. The author underlines the importance of not denying the real loss, the irreplaceable of the other person, but of incorporating the experience into our experiential and clinical baggage.
Evaluation of the Extract Obtained from Various Medicinal and Aromatic Plants “Antibacterial and antioxidant” in the Wood Industry
Authors: PEKER Hüseyin , ULUSOY Hatice
Published: April 2021

Throughout the history of mankind, various plants (medicinal aromatics etc.) have been used naturally to prevent all diseases, or they have been used in a wide range of fields, especially in the pharmaceutical industry, by cultivating in agriculture/greenhouse areas. However, as a result of the protection and coloring of the wood material by chemically, especially the indoor contamination causes negative effects on human health. The main objective of this study is to use the wooden product in wooden child toys, hospitals, sterile areas, pharmacies, wood-based materials used in the kitchen (fork, knife, serving plates and chopping boards etc.), playgrounds, dining table surfaces, nursery and kindergarten furniture, beehives etc. In addition, it will be recommended to use on all surfaces where there is an antibacterial / antioxidant effect, as well as on the surfaces with collective contact such as door handles, cabinet handles, elevator buttons and cash dispenser keys. In research, extracts of Evelik (Rumex patientia L.) and Çakşır (Ferula comunis L.) herbs (1% concentration) from medicinal aromatic plants were prepared and spruce and mahogany wood were used as wood type. According to ASTM D 143-76 principles, retention and bending resistance properties were determined by impregnation according to the results of the experiment, the highest retention (0.55%) and bending strength (100.20 N/mm2) were determined in Evelik plant and the optimum increase was determined when the results were compared with the control sample.
A Guide for More Accurate and Precise Estimations in Simulative Unidimensional IRT Models
Authors: BARİS PEKMEZCİ Fulya , ŞENGÜL AVŞAR Asiye
Published: April 2021

There is a great deal of research about item response theory (IRT) conducted by simulations. Item and ability parameters are estimated with varying numbers of replications under different test conditions. However, it is not clear what the appropriate number of replications should be. The aim of the current study is to develop guidelines for the adequate number of replications in conducting Monte Carlo simulation studies involving unidimensional IRT models. For this aim, 192 simulation conditions which included four sample sizes, two test lengths, eight replication numbers, and unidimensional IRT models were generated. Accuracy and precision of item and ability parameter estimations and model fit values were evaluated by considering the number of replications. In this context, for the item and ability parameters; mean error, root mean square error, standard error of estimates, and for model fit; M_2, 〖RMSEA〗_2, and Type I error rates were considered. The number of replications did not seem to influence the model fit, it was decisive in Type I error inflation and error prediction accuracy for all IRT models. It was concluded that to get more accurate results, the number of replications should be at least 625 in terms of accuracy of the Type I error rate estimation for all IRT models. Also, 156 replications and above can be recommended. Item parameter biases were examined, and the largest bias values were obtained from the 3PL model. It can be concluded that the increase in the number of parameters estimated by the model resulted in more biased estimates.
O PROCESSO DE ANODIZAÇÃO DO ALUMÍNIO E SUAS LIGAS: UMA ABORDAGEM HISTÓRICA E ELETROQUÍMICA
Authors: Araujo João
Published: April 2021

THE ANODIZING PROCESS OF ALUMINUM AND ITS ALLOYS: A HISTORICAL AND ELECTROCHEMICAL APPROACH. Al and its alloys are found in several industrial applications. However, like most metals, this material is not immune to corrosion, being necessary to be protected against corrosion. One of the methods most commonly employed to improve the corrosion resistance of Al alloys is the anodizing process, which consists of thickening of the natural oxide (Al2O3) presents in Al through anodic oxidation. The anodizing process is accomplished by immersion of the Al alloy into an acid bath and passing an electric current through it. This process produces two layers: a barrier layer thicker than the natural oxide and a layer with regular arrangement of nanopores (porous layer). This duplex structure forms the anodized layer with a large specific surface area. With the advent of nanotechnology, this layer has been applied in other areas due to its low cost, stability, absence of toxicity, and biocompatibility. In this context, this paper addresses a historical and electrochemical review of the anodizing process of Al and its alloys, presenting the main events that culminated in the development of the current processes and the understanding of the relationship between the chemical reactions and the mechanisms that occur during nucleation and development of the oxide layer
Physical Training and Sports in the Kemerovo Region: Human Resourcing in the Late XX – Early XXI Centuries
Authors: Kazmin V. N. , Kazmina M. V. , Yuzupkina E. S.
Published: April 2021

The present study featured the issues of human resourcing in the sphere of physical training and sports in Kuzbass during the transition period from the Soviet to the post-Soviet model. The research was based on a wide range of documents, including those from several collections of the Regional State Archive. The research united scientific, historicist, and comparative methods, which made it possible to identify two factors that affected the personnel potential in the sphere of physical education and sports. The first one was the policy of advanced socio-economic development, proclaimed in the mid-1980s. The second was the transition to the market economy, which started in the early 1990s and was accompanied by a serious crisis. These two processes systematically affected the sphere of physical training and sports, including its national and regional human resources. The staffing proved uneven: while it was satisfactory in urban institutions of higher education and sports, the rural areas saw a severe labor shortage.
Cyber-Aggression Typology Questionnaire: Structure and Primary Psychometric Characteristics
Authors: Antipina S. S.
Published: April 2021

The problem of online aggression has attracted increasing attention over the past decade. Various studies revealed a need for tools that would identify the causes of aggressive behavior in cyberspace. The article presents the results of the adaptation of the English-language Cyber-Aggression Typology Questionnaire (CATQ) by K. C. Runions on 421 Russian-speaking teenagers aged 10–15 years (St. Petersburg). The method features four types of online aggression. K. C. Runions describes the cyber-aggression in teenagers through their motivational goals and the ability to behavioral self-control. The procedures of exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis confirmed the four-factor model of the original questionnaire. All factors were balanced by the number of statements. The final version of the questionnaire included 23 statements. The structure of the questionnaire was represented by the following factors: impulsive-aversive cyber-aggression, controlled-aversive cyberaggression, controlled-appetitive cyber-aggression, and impulsive-appetitive cyber-aggression. The questionnaire showed good indicators of discriminativeness and reliability; it can serve as a reliable psychological diagnosis tool for studying the phenomenon of cyber-aggression in scientific and practical purposes. Understanding the motivations behind cyber-aggressive behavior can help to develop new preventive measures based on individual differences in the disadaptive factors of online aggression.
The Speed–Accuracy Tradeoff as a Subject of Psychological Analysis
Authors: Balanev D. Yu. , Bredun E. V.
Published: April 2021

The present research featured the regularities, according to which the accuracy of human movements is associated with the length of these movements and time. The author considered the speed–accuracy tradeoff problem by analyzing the procedural aspect of cognitive performance. The experiment included more than a thousand participants and was performed on a portable touch screen device that tested the subject's attitude to solving problems in terms of speed or accuracy. The research objective was to identify significantly different ways of solving the speed–accuracy tradeoff dilemma. At the fine motor level, the participants failed to accomplish a one-to-one correspondence between target area and target time. This ambiguity was a manifestation of various cognitive strategies for performing a speed–accuracy tradeoff task. The Fitts law violations were determined using a wide range of statistical methods and manifested themselves at the level of criteria analysis for the normality of data distribution, types of variance analysis, and multivariate data analysis. The cluster analysis could register various strategies for performing the speed–accuracy tradeoff task. Additional variables, e.g. professional status of the subjects, made it possible to interpret the differences according to specific skills in solving cognitive tasks and to clarify the nature of these skills.
Identity as a Predictor of Subjective Assessment of Quality of Campus Life: Cross-Cultural Aspect
Authors: Bokhan T. G. , Shabalovskaya M. V. , Terekhina O. V. , Ulyanich A. L. , Borodich Ju. V. , Tanabasova U. V.
Published: April 2021

The research featured predictors of subjective quality of students' life in the context of international student migration. The paper focuses on the ideological and ethnic components of social identity as a key predictor of the subjective quality of life in students of different ethnicities. The subjective quality of life was studied from the point of view of its motivational, emotional, and cognitive components. The research involved foreign students of Tomsk universities that came from various African or European countries, China, India, and Russia. The social identity was defined based on two questionnaires, namely The Types of Ethnic Identity by G. U. Soldatova and S. V. Ryzhova and The Scale of Ideological Ego Identity by J. R. Adams; components of the subjective quality of life – according to The Scale of Positive and Negative Affect by D. Watson et al., The Scale of Life Satisfaction by E. Diener et al., and The Values of Happiness by B. Ford et al. The authors managed to define the factor structure of social identity, which appeared to have both ethnically-specific and universal features. All cultural groups demonstrated certain factors of social identity that can act as key predictors of ideas about happiness, as well as about emotional (dominant affect) and cognitive (assessment of life satisfaction) components of the subjective quality of life. The results can help to set goals for psychological and educational support of foreign students.
Dominant Mental State and Mood in People with Different Professional Self-Awareness
Authors: Dukhnovsky S. V. , Mishchenko V. A.
Published: April 2021

The research featured the effect of dominant mental state on professional self-awareness. The survey was conducted as part of personnel audit and involved 113 employees of an agricultural holding with 1–5 years of experience. The empirical data were provided by two questionnaires: Professional Self-Awareness and Determining the Dominant State. The activity parameter reflected the level of claims and setting for professional self-development. As an indicator of professional selfawareness, it is connected with such parameters of mental state as "active (passive) attitude to the life" and "high (low) tonus". The positivity indicator defines one’s acceptance and perception of oneself as a professional. It is interconnected with "vigor" as a mental state indicator. In subjects with an active-positive professional self-awareness, synthonic and active types of mood prevailed. In situations where activity dominated over positivity, active mood also domineered. Synthonic mood dominated if positivity indicators were more pronounced than activity. Subjects with a balanced professional self-awareness demonstrated a happy and enthusiastic mood. Enthusiastic mood prevailed when activity dominated, a happy mood increased with increasing positivity. Passive-negative professional self-awareness was associated with a contemplative mood. The research can help to prevent tonic "risk conditions", e.g. overwork and asthenic conditions. In addition, the study can be used to develop an active-positive professional self-awareness in employees, as well as the sense of vocational and psychological well-being.
Attitudes to Lockdown in Students with Different Indicators of Responsibility and Value Orientations
Authors: Kudinov S. I. , Kudinov S. S. , Kudinov V. S.
Published: April 2021

The empirical study featured the attitude of students to restrictive measures during the COVID-19 pandemic. The paper introduces various patterns of attitudes that adolescents with different indicators of value orientations and personal express to the lockdown. An authentic questionnaire with emotional, cognitive, and behavioral blocks was used to define the dominant attitude, A. I. Krupnov’s test – to study the responsibility patterns, and Sh. Schwartz's questionnaire – to describe the system of values. The obtained results made it possible to identify some coping strategies in respondents with different personal qualities. Certain dominant values and the level of responsibility proved to be able to determine a positive or negative attitude to the lockdown. By taking into account the age and personal qualities of the population, authorities one can develop better preventive measures in future.
Competitive Strategy in Employees with Self-Oriented and Socially-Oriented Perfectionism
Authors: Tuzlukova A. V.
Published: April 2021

The present research featured competitive strategy aimed at achieving different goals in professional activity of employees with different intensity of perfectionism. It resulted in a definition of perfectionism based on the role of personality orientation in competitiveness, the subject content of personality orientation, and available publications on the subject content of perfectionism, its types, and their relationship. The type of perfectionism depends on personal characteristics that manifest themselves in competitive environment. Therefore, perfectionist orientation shapes completive strategy in employees. The research involved 142 employees (112 women, 30 men) aged 19–62. The procedure for identifying various types of perfectionist orientation combined the type of perfectionism, achievement motivation, and cognitive attitudes. The paper also introduces criteria for distinguishing self-oriented and socially-oriented perfectionism. The main goal of competition strategy in subjects with self-oriented perfectionism was formulated as demonstration of individual work pattern, while in subjects with sociallyoriented perfectionism it was high quality of activity. The first appeared to be fuelled by the internal motivation and dependence on others. However, criticism and disapproval can affect the desire to achieve the goal. The second was fuelled by security reasons and resulted in actions aimed at retaining the achieved advantages. Both groups hardly saw colleagues as rivals.
Strategies and Tactics of Brand Formation (Based on the Material of Advertising Slogans in French, English, and Russian)
Authors: Zheludkova E. G. , Purgina K. M.
Published: April 2021

This article describes communicative strategies and tactics used by companies to build a brand. The diachronic method made it possible to observe brand development strategies. The analysis featured 104 advertising slogans of 11 companies. Strategies and tactics of communicative influence were identified according to Yu. Pirogova’s classification of communicative strategies. The authors see strategies as the goals of creating a company's image, while tactics depend on specific vocabulary, syntactic structures, and means of involving the addressee in the advertising discourse. The list of prevailing strategies included those implemented by the following tactics: Compliance with the needs of the addressee, Increasing brand value in the eyes of the consumer, Informing about brand products, Intimization, Product metaphorization and Influence on the senses. The strategy of rationality was embodied by the tactics of Popularization of a healthy lifestyle and Demonstration of practical benefits. The value-oriented strategy was characterized by the tactic of Informing about brand products. The research results contribute to a better understanding of strategies and tactics in business communication and can be used as demonstration and evidentiary material in teaching cultural linguistics and discourse analysis, as well as for copywriting purposes.
Lexical-Semantic Analysis of the Adjective Poor in English: Definitions, Synonyms, and Antonyms
Authors: Mendesheva M. M.
Published: April 2021

The article introduces the lexical-semantic aspect of the adjective poor in English, its synonyms, and antonyms. The analysis featured five English dictionaries: Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary & Thesaurus, Cobuild Advanced English Dictionary, The Free Dictionary, Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English, and Merriam-Webster Dictionary. The author analyzed the lexical-semantic variants of the adjective and determined its meanings. The component analysis allocated 46 semes and sememes, which were combined into eight thematic groups: 1. People: (poor) people / a group, poverty, emaciated, not very skilful (in a particular activity), needy, humble, meek; 2. Animal: (hungry) animal; 3. Material means: having, material, possessions, mean, petty / (little) money / insufficient wealth, used of land, barren (land), unproductive (land); 4. Lack / shortage: lacking / deficient; 5. Something material: very little of the substance, (little of a particular) substance, (poor) food; 6. Resources: supply (of something specified – resources, materials), (poor) country; 7. Evaluation: bad / not good, (being of a very low) quality, (being of a very low) quantity, (being of a very low) standard, inferior / very little (in quality), inferior (in value), (less) amount, (less) rate, (less) number, little / few, (in bad) condition, not normal, less (than adequate) / scanty / inadequate, negative, small (in worth), quality; 8. Emotional attitude: exciting , pity, (deserving) sympathy, unlucky, disappointing , disagreeable, indifferent, unfavorable, no pleasure. The adjective poor appeared to have 37 synonyms and 13 antonyms.
Verbs of Light in Russian and French: Lexical-Semantic Classification and Grammatical Characteristics
Authors: Polezhaeva Zh. Yu. , Pismak T. G.
Published: April 2021

This article deals with the lexical-semantic group of verbs that denote light in Russian and French. The authors compared their lexical-semantic classifications, characteristics, and grammatical parameters. The research involved the method of continuous sampling, lexical systematization, and component analysis. The paper introduces lexical-semantic subgroups of Russian and French verbs of light with their nucleus and periphery. A comparative analysis revealed some aspectual differences: Russian and French demonstrated different means of expressing some meanings and modes of action. The Russian language is synthetic and expresses these meanings lexematically. In the French language, which is analytical, these grammatical meanings do not always find their expression at the level of a single lexeme. The context and tense forms appeared to play an important role, and the verbs of light proved to be more numerous in Russian than in French. Despite the differences, the proposed classification of verbs of light turned out to be universal for both languages.
A Letter from a Siberian Poet to the President of the United States of America: Natural Written Speech as a Reflection of Socio-Political Views
Authors: Sinegubova K. V.
Published: April 2021

The research objective was to identify the axiological values in uncensored free speech, i.e. natural written speech, of Soviet citizens. The axiological approach made it possible to identify individual life attitudes and values. The research featured a letter that the Kuzbass poet Mikhail A. Nebogatov wrote to the US President James Carter about the socio-political problem of dissidence. The author had no experience in professional journalism or in intercultural communication, which makes him a naive author. The text of the letter reflects the worldview and value system of the author himself rather than situational norms and pragmatic attitudes. M. A. Nebogatov represents himself not as a private person with a unique point of view, but as a speaker for the entire Soviet nation. He believed in the idea of the ideological and axiological unity of the Soviet society, hence the frequent use of the pronouns "we" and "our", as well as the general sense of self-righteousness. For him, Russian literature was the ultimate expression of the Soviet axiosphere, which resulted in numerous references to the authority of Russian writers. M. A. Nebogatov's expressive and appellative intention was to represent himself as a poet, which automatically made him the bearer of the national system of values, with Motherland and patriotism in its core. The axiological and conceptual analysis shows that natural written speech can help to identify the basic values of a social group, e.g., residents of a particular region.
Transformation of the Social and Family Status of Dagestani Women in the 1920s
Authors: Mirzabekov M. Ya.
Published: April 2021

Positive historical experience facilitates the democratic development of the modern Russia. The present research featured the changes that occurred in the status of women in the first decades of Soviet power in the national regions and their regional peculiarities. The research objective was to study the measures that the Dagestani authorities took to change the social and family status of local women in the 1920s. The study was based on the principle of historicism and involved comparativehistorical, statistical, systemic, and narrative methods. The paper introduces a complex analysis of novel material and scientific publications. The Dagestani authorities and public institutions were aimed at the economic, political, and socio-cultural transformations of the multiethnic region. They proved to have some positive effect on the socio-political and family status of local women. However, by the end of the 1920s, a significant part of Dagestani women still remained under the influence of the Muslim clergy and conservative men. They followed traditional norms and adats – the customary law of certain Muslim peoples – especially in the family and marriage sphere.
Development of a Rural Healthcare System in Tomsk Province in the Late XIX – Early XX centuries
Authors: Pocherevin E. V.
Published: April 2021

The present research featured the rural healthcare system in the late XIX – early XX centuries in the Tomsk Guberniya (Province). The research objective was to deduce the stages of formation of the rural healthcare system and to show the decision-making mechanism at the different levels of government. The author analyzed administrative acts and reference books, as well as various documents that reflect discussing the problems of expanding the rural healthcare system at lower administrative levels. The analysis made it possible to identify the needs of rural population, as well as to see differences in views on the formation of the health districts. Before opening a new medical district or relocating an existing one, many factors were taken into account, e.g. the requests of local residents, the level of their material support of the medical institution, landscape and geographical aspects, etc. As a rule, decisions were based on rational arguments. The government of the province was responsible for gathering data, correcting proposals, and planning further development. The results were assessed and approved on the central level. Some proposals coming from the provincial administration did not find support of the center. The author identified two stages of large-scale expansion of the rural medicine in the Tomsk Province: 1898–1910 and 1912–1914. The First World War ruined the plans for 1915–1917.
Regional Ethnic and Confessional Situation in the Russian Federation: Arrangements for Monitoring
Authors: Sadovoy A. N. , Ovchinnikov V. A.
Published: April 2021

The article introduces new methodological foundations for analyzing the current ethno-social and ethno-confessional situation in various constituents of the Russian Federation, namely an ethno-social and confessional monitoring based on systematic, selective, and process approaches. Modern ethnic and confessional processes manifest the transformation of traditional social institutions and communications in traditional economy and social organization as a result of state policy. The structural and functional method made it possible to identify the historical context of the impact that religious organizations produce on traditional social institutions. The authors tested a systematic approach to the analysis of the ethnosocial and ethno-confessional situation on three levels: 1) interstate (macro) level in the transboundary zones of southern Russia), 2) regional (mega) level of the fractal and network social organization, 3) micro level within the boundaries of sample polygons. The article also focuses on the problems of secondary analysis of historiographical sources about the history of state national and confessional politics in the XIX – early XXI centuries. It introduces basic definitions used in regional ethno-social monitoring. The topic needs further integrated and applied research.
Interaction between the Center and the Regions during the Development of the Treaty of Federation in 1992
Authors: Shevelev D. N. , Melnik A. G.
Published: April 2021

The article features the reforms of the federal structure in the 1990s and the development of the Treaty of Federation in 1992. It focuses on the practices of federal relations that appeared in the post-Soviet period both in terms of the interaction between the Federal Center and the regional elites and in the context of the classical federalism. The authors described the factors that hindered the signing of the Federal Treaty, as well as the resources the regional elite used to affect the Center. They revealed the opposite views on the concept of federal structure expressed by national and territorial subjects of the Russian Federation and described their attempts to reach a compromise in the redistribution of powers. The research objective was to determine to what degree the Center was responsible for the content of the Treaty of Federation as the regional self-identification was gaining strength and the system of center-regional interaction was changing. The authors also highlighted the role of certain social groups on the development of federal relations, showed how the actions of the Center improved its positions, and identified historical facts that predetermined the asymmetry of the Treaty of Federation. The authors believed that the new model of federal relations was a compromise between the interests of the regional elites and the central government. However, it also strengthened the positions of the Federal Center and legalized the asymmetric nature of its relations with the regions. The research was based on general scientific methods and such historical research tools as comparative and systematic methods. It also involved such interdisciplinary methods as the historical-legal and the comparative analysis of legal documents.
Factors Affecting Ultrasonographic Fetal Weight Estimation Accuracy in Low Birth Weight Newborns
Authors: Tuten Nevin , Guralp Onur , Gok Koray , Tuten Abdullah , Gezer Altay
Published: April 2021

Objective: To investigate the accuracy of fetal weight estimation made by the last prenatal ultrasound measurement in low birth weight newborns (<2500 g).
Study Design: A total of 1082 women were evaluated in this retrospective cohort study. Demographic and clinical information of the mother and newborn and obstetric ultrasonography measurements and findings performed in the last week before birth were recorded. Accuracy of fetal weight estimation and parameters affecting it was investigated.
Results: Accurate estimation rates were lower in the term compared to the preterm delivery group; and in the SGA group compared to the AGA group (respectively, p=0.016, p=0.032). Accurate estimation rates (p=0.182) were comparable between the 500-1500 g and 1501-2500 g subgroups. The multiple linear regression analysis showed that gestational age at birth, birth weight, examination during labor, and duration between examination to delivery were statistically significant for the accurate estimation(p=0.001)
Conclusions: Accurate estimation rates were lower in the term compared to the preterm delivery group, and in the SGA group compared to the AGA group. The factors affecting accurate estimation were found to be gestational age at birth, birth weight, examination during labor, and duration between examination to delivery.Keywords: Accurate estimation rate, Duration between examination to delivery, Examination during
Особенности деформирования и разрушения пористого железа при субмикросекундном нагружении
Authors: Атрошенко С.А. , Савенков Г.Г.
Published: April 2021

Abstract. The article is devoted to the study of the features of dynamic deformation and destruction of porous iron under the influence of a cumulative "knife". It is shown that ultrafast action on the target led to intensive structure formation of porous iron at the mesoscale.
Магнитные нанокомпозиты оксид графена/магнетит + кобальтовый феррит (GrO/Fe-=SUB=-3-=/SUB=-O-=SUB=-4-=/SUB=- + CoFe-=SUB=-2-=/SUB=-O-=SUB=-4-=/SUB=-) для магнитной гипертермии
Authors: Камзин А.С. , Obaidat I.M. , Козлов В.С. , Воронина Е.В. , Narayanaswamy V. , Al-Omari I.A.
Published: April 2021

Исследованы новые магнитные нанокомпозиты (МНК) оксид графена (GrO)/магнетит (Fe3O4) + кобальтовый феррит (CoFe2O4) различных концентраций синтезированные механохимическим методом, представляющим собой процесс механического измельчения в шаровой мельнице в водной среде оксида графена и предварительно синтезированных порошков магнетита и феррита кобальта. Были получены и исследованы МНК GrO/Fe3O4 + CoFe2O4 полученные помолом с различным содержанием компонент в весовых процентах, а именно: 50/40+10; 50/25+25; 50/10+40 и 50/00+50). Синтезированные МНК GrO/Fe3O4+CoFe2O4 исследованы методом дифракции рентгеновских лучей, сканирующей электронной микроскопии, просвечивающей электронной микроскопии, рамановской спектроскопии, магнитометра с вибрирующим образцом и мёссбауэровской спектроскопией. Мёссбауэровскими исследованиями установлен фазовый состав, магнитное состояние и структура синтезированных МНК GrO/Fe3O4 + CoFe2O4, что является важным для создания высокоэффективных материалов для разнообразных применений. Гетерогенность полученных МНК открывает перспективы для биомедицинских применений. Ключевые слова: нанокомпозиты графен/ферриты; композиты оксид графена/магнетит + кобальтовый феррит; механохимический метод; мёссбауэровская спектроскопия.
BaYb-=SUB=-2-x-=/SUB=-Er-=SUB=-x-=/SUB=-Ge-=SUB=-3-=/SUB=-O-=SUB=-10-=/SUB=- и BaY-=SUB=-2-10y-=/SUB=-Yb-=SUB=-9y-=/SUB=-Er-=SUB=-y-=/SUB=-Ge-=SUB=-3-=/SUB=-O-=SUB=-10-=/SUB=-: люминесцентные свойства, перспективы использования для бесконтактного определения температуры
Authors: Липина O.А. , Сурат Л.Л. , Меленцова А.А. , Бакланова Я.В. , Чуфаров А.Ю. , Тютюнник А.П. , Зубков В.Г.
Published: April 2021

Triorthogermanates BaYb2-xErxGe3O10 (x = 0.1–0.3) and BaY2-10yYb9yEryGe3O10 (y = 0.015–0.15) have been synthesized by the solid-state method. According to X-ray powder diffraction data, the compounds crystallize in the monoclinic system, S.G. P21/m, Z = 2. The concentration and power pump dependences studies have been carried out for the lines in the 510–720 nm spectral range under 980 nm excitation. The mechanisms of energy transfer between optical centers have been also proposed and the optimal composition of the phosphor has been determined. The influence of temperature on the intensity ratio of the luminescence bands with maxima at 521 nm and 552 nm (2H11/2 → 4I15/2 and 4S3/2 → 4I15/2 transitions in Er3+) has been investigated, and conclusions about the possibility of using the germanates as materials for optical temperature sensors have been drawn.
Структура и динамика решетки редкоземельных станнатов R-=SUB=-2-=/SUB=-Sn-=SUB=-2-=/SUB=-O-=SUB=-7-=/SUB=- (R=La-Lu): ab initio расчет
Authors: Чернышев В.А.
Published: April 2021

The ab initio study of the structure and dynamics of the lattice, as well as the elastic properties of a row of rare-earth stannates R2Sn2O7 (R = La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu) has been carried out for first time. The IR and Raman spectra were calculated, the types of phonon modes were determined. The degree of participation of ions in phonon modes is determined. Modes with the absolute or predominant participation of oxygen in the 48f position, characterized by a shift x, were determined from an analysis of the displacement vectors obtained from the ab initio calculations. The elastic constants and the hardness HV have been calculated. The effect of hydrostatic compression on the crystal structure is investigated. It is shown that the degree of distortion of the octahedron containing the rare-earth ion changes little with pressure (up to 12 GPa). It is shown that the dependence of the unit cell volume on pressure is described by the Birch-Murnaghan equation of state of the third order.
Моделирование проводимости Капицы через шероховатые интерфейсы между твердыми телами
Authors: Лю Б. , Хвесюк В.И. , Баринов А.А.
Published: April 2021

In this work, we have formulated and solved the problem of determining the Kapitza conductance across the interface between two solids, taking into account the interface roughness. We use a modified acoustic mismatch model (AMM). The difference from the classic model is that the dispersion properties of acoustic waves are considered. A significant advantage of this model is that the theoretical prediction agrees well with experimental data over a wide temperature range: from 30K to more than 300K. Finally, a theoretical method with the statistical distribution of roughness profiles is used to determine the energy transmission coefficient across the interface.
Guided Internet-Based Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Depression: Implementation Cost-Effectiveness Study
Authors: Piera-Jiménez Jordi , Etzelmueller Anne , Kolovos Spyros , Folkvord Frans , Lupiáñez-Villanueva Francisco
Published: April 2021

Background

Major depressive disorder is a chronic condition; its prevalence is expected to grow with the aging trend of high-income countries. Internet-based cognitive-behavioral therapy has proven efficacy in treating major depressive disorder.

Objective

The objective of this study was to assess the cost-effectiveness of implementing a community internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy intervention (Super@, the Spanish program for the MasterMind project) for treating major depressive disorder.

Methods

The cost-effectiveness of the Super@ program was assessed with the Monitoring and Assessment Framework for the European Innovation Partnership on Active and Healthy Ageing tool, using a 3-state Markov model. Data from the cost and effectiveness of the intervention were prospectively collected from the implementation of the program by a health care provider in Badalona, Spain; the corresponding data for usual care were gathered from the literature. The health states, transition probabilities, and utilities were computed using Patient Health Questionnaire–9 scores.

Results

The analysis was performed using data from 229 participants using the Super@ program. Results showed that the intervention was more costly than usual care; the discounted (3%) and nondiscounted incremental cost-effectiveness ratios were €29,367 and €26,484 per quality-adjusted life-year, respectively (approximately US $35,299 and $31,833, respectively). The intervention was cost-effective based on the €30,000 willingness-to-pay threshold typically applied in Spain (equivalent to approximately $36,060). According to the deterministic sensitivity analyses, the potential reduction of costs associated with intervention scale-up would reduce the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio of the intervention, although it remained more costly than usual care. A discount in the incremental effects up to 5% exceeded the willingness-to-pay threshold of €30,000.

Conclusions

The Super@ program, an internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy intervention for treating major depressive disorder, cost more than treatment as usual. Nevertheless, its implementation in Spain would be cost-effective from health care and societal perspectives, given the willingness-to-pay threshold of €30,000 compared with treatment as usual.
The Spiritual Values of Islamic Economics in Tasawuf Modern: Scrutinizing the Work of Haji Abdul Malik Karim Amrullah (Hamka)
Authors: Hakim Rahmad , Fanani Ahmad
Published: April 2021

Islamic economics has existed since the start of Islamic civilization. However, Islamic economic thoughts established by Indonesian scholars are limited. This exploratory research was carried out to determine the spiritual values of Islamic economics on Hamka's works entitled Tasawuf Modern. Primary and secondary data were collected from Hamka's works entitled Tasawuf Modern and from several papers or books that are relevant to the focus of the research. The data collected were analyzed by combining topics relevant to Islamic economics in modern Sufism and other secondary sources. Content analysis was used for data analysis. The results of this study revealed that, according to Hamka, the richest people are those that need the least. The true wealth lies in the contentment of the soul (qana'ah). Good wealth represents virtue and prohibiton for extravagancy and excessive consumerism. Further, humans need to be in between to carry out good deeds. The results of this study contribute to enriching the discourse of Islamic economic thought, especially in Islamic economic ethics and the role of ethics in business.