bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
GIANT LUMBO-SACRAL TUMORS
Authors: Moreanu Mihai-Stelian , Zamfir Ovidiu , Chirtes Alin-Vasile , Dima Augustin , Mitrica Marian
Published: November 2024

Objectives
Despite comprising just 8% of all spinal tumors, sacral tumors present a long list of issues that should be taken in consideration when neurosurgical approach is tempted. Their unique anatomic location, close relation with neural structures and pelvic organs and high-vascularity are just a few nuances of these type of conditions. This paper outline the importance of a good preoperative and intraoperative management in order to facilitate the maximum recovery of the patients.
 
Material and Methods
This paper analyses retrospectively a series of 2 cases of giant sacral tumors (>100 cm3) that were operated in our clinic in 2024 by a multidisciplinary team (neurosurgeons and general surgeons). Follow-up data were obtained from the charts and medical records. All the lesions were localised under L4 vertebra with invasion of sacrum.
 
Results
Our first case was a 47-years old man who accused diffuse mild lumbar pain for more than 2 years, but acutely aggravated in the last months with lumbosacral radicular pain, palsy of the inferior lumbar nerves, urinary incontinence and paraesthesia. MRI showed a giant L5-S2 mass and biopsy diagnostic was myxopapillary ependymoma. Second case was of a young woman with lumbosacral radicular pain debuted a few months ago, whose clinical state worsened rapidly becoming paralytic of lower limbs. MRI showed a giant sacral mass with invasion of the pelvic musculature and surrounding the iliac vessels (intraoperative aspect: sarcoma). Both patients ameliorated postoperatively, and are currently enrolled in a recovery program. Sub-total resection and near-total resection were obtained.
 
Conclusions
Sacral tumors exhibit a challenge in the field of spine surgery being clinical silence over a period of months and years, and then followed by gross deficit. We diagnosed sacral tumors based on clinical, radiographic and laboratory aspects. Prognostic factors were preoperative clinical status and gross-total resection.
GAMMA KNIFE RADIOSURGERY
Authors: Perin Radu Daniel , Stoica Fery , Neamtu Daniela
Published: November 2024

Purpose
In the treatment of nasopharyngeal carcinomas, a multimodal approach is always needed. The present study attempts to show the necessity and role of Gamma Knife Stereotactic Radiosurgery in the treatment of this kind of tumors.
 
Material and Methods
In this retrospective study, 34 patients were included. All had been previously treated with fractionate radiotherapy, but had local or intracranial recurrence at the time of the Gamma Knife treatment. The patients were treated in the Radiotherapy Laboratory of the Emergency Clinical Hospital “Bagdasar-Arseni”, between 2004 and 2024, initially using a Gamma Knife 4C device, then a Perfection and lately an Esprit model. The purpose of the treatments was total tumor destruction, but also, in a significant number of cases the treatment of debilitating symptoms: epistaxis, secondary trigeminal neuralgia, and oculomotor nerve palsies.
 
Results and Conclusions
The Gamma Knife treatment determined a significant prolongation of the life span and an improvement in the quality of life, without the occurrence of a significant number of complications. This treatment remains a palliative method, applicable only in selected cases, yet we consider that the number of Gamma Knife treated patients is very small, compared with the general incidence of this disease.
A CASE SERIES OF NINE PATIENTS WITH SPINAL CORD HEMANGIOBLASTOMA
Authors: Pirlea Andrei Daniel , Preda Alexandru-Cristian , Batca Severina Andreea , Catana Marius Constantin
Published: November 2024

Background
Hemangioblastomas are defined as benign vascular tumors, being located almost exclusively in the cerebellum, brainstem and spinal cord. Spinal cord hemangioblastomas have low frequency. Their occurrence can be associated with von Hippel – Lindau (VHL) disease, but in most cases these tumors arise sporadically. Clinical presentation is usually determined by the mass effect. Thus, gross total resection without significant neurological impairment remains a great challenge. The aim of this study was to evaluate patient outcome after surgical treatment of intramedullary hemangioblastoma.
 
Methods
The present study included nine patients who underwent surgery for intramedullary hemangioblastoma (histopatologically confirmed) at our neurosurgery clinic between January 2015 and May 2024. There were seven male and two female patients with a mean age of 43.5 years. Operation was recommended based on presence of intramedullary lesion on MR imaging and of neurological deficits, usually progressive. The neurological function was evaluated at admission, discharge and at 6 months and graded according to McCormick scale. In all cases a posterior approach via laminectomy was performed. Location, pre-surgery syringomyelia and recurrence status were also assessed through MR scans.
 
Results
Tumor localization was exlcusively intramedullary: in the cervical spinal cord in four cases, in the thoracic spinal cord in other four, and in one case it had a lumbar localization. The mean duration from symptomatology onset to surgery was 9.3 months. Presence of tumor on MR imaging was accompanied by syringomyelia in six patients (66.6 %). Complete removal was achieved in all nine cases. Three patients had VHL disease screening at the time of admission. Of those, VHL was confirmed in two. For five patients, neurological functions improved at discharge and significant improvements were reported in seven cases at 6 months in the follow-up period.
 
Conclusion
Our results showed that gross total resection was effective in improvement of clinical symptoms with a good prognosis considering recurrence rate and McCormick grade evolution at 6 months after surgery.
A RARE CASE OF CROUZON SYNDROME ASSOCIATED WITH INTRACRANIAL MENINGIOMA WITH NASAL EXTENSION
Authors: Popescu G. , Chindris Fl. , Andrasi C.M. , Zaharia M.C. , Gorgan R.M.
Published: November 2024

Introduction
Crouzon syndrome is a genetic disorder caused by mutations in the FGFR2 gene, leading to premature fusion of cranial sutures (craniosynostosis) and resulting in distinct craniofacial abnormalities such as a beaked nose, shallow orbits causing proptosis, and midface hypoplasia. These patients often experience complications such as vision and hearing loss, and breathing difficulties due to nasal obstruction. Besides craniofacial anomalies, Crouzon syndrome can be associated with intracranial anomalies like meningiomas, making their management complex and multidisciplinary. 
 
Material and Methods
We present the case of a 33-year-old female patient with a history of Crouzon syndrome, giant olfactory groove meningioma treated with gamma-knife in 2008 and 2009, chronic infantile encephalopathy, and behavioral disorder. The patient was admitted with complaints of headache, conductive hearing loss in the left ear, and a vegetative tumor formation in the left nasal fossa. Cerebral MRI and CT scans revealed multiple intracranial and nasal formations 
 
Results
The patient underwent surgical resection of the nasal tumor. Histopathological result was atypic meningioma. Post-operative evolution of the patient was favorable, with no post-operative complications following total ablation of the nasal extension. 
 
Conclusions
This case highlights the complexity of managing patients with multiple neurocranial, especially in the context of genetic disorders like Crouzon syndrome. While the precise incidence of meningiomas in patients with Crouzon syndrome isn't well-documented, it appears to be a rare complication. Due to its complexity, Crouzon syndrome may be associated with other complex pathologies like aneurysms and intracranial tumors, like it was presented in this case.  Therefore, a multidisciplinary collaboration is crucial for optimal treatment and long-term follow-up.
SURGICAL CHALLENGES IN CLIPPING LARGE ANEURYSMS IN DISTAL ARTERIAL TERRITORIES
Authors: Radoi Mugurel Petrinel , Ilie Milena-Monica , Covache-Busuioc Razvan-Adrian , Costin Horia Petre , Glavan Luca-Andrei , Serban Matei , Corlatescu Antonio Daniel , Toader Corneliu
Published: November 2024

Background
By distal arterial territories we mean the arteries located after the main bifurcations of the cerebral arteries. They can occur at multiple sites throughout the course of distal arteries, but most often are found after the bifurcation of the M1 segment of the middle cerebral artery.
 
Methods
A retrospective review of 18 consecutive patients with large aneurysms located in distal arterial territories, treated by surgical clipping between 2019-2023, was performed. We consider aneurysm larger than 10 mm in diameter as large aneurysm. The data of all our consecutive patients were searched to obtain patient characteristics, details of the aneurysm size and orientation, treatment details, complications and follow up. At admission, the clinical condition of all patients was classified according to the Hunt and Hess scale. Clinical outcome was graded according to the modified Rankin scale. The follow-up period varied widely from 6 to 54 months (mean 24 months).
 
Results
Surgical clipping was performed for all aneurysms; only in 2 cases the aneurysm was unruptured. Three patients presented with significant hematoma which required the evacuation of the clot. Most large aneurysms were located in M2 or M3 segments of the MCA (16 patients). Post-operative control angiography was performed in 11 patients (61%), from which we reported a full occlusion of the aneurysm in 10 patients (90%). No perioperative mortality was recorded. The outcome was graded mRankin 0–2 in 83% of the cases (15 patients) at the end of the first postoperative months, and 94.4% (17 patients) at six months follow-up. The most important improvement was recorded for patients graded mRankin 1-2 at the first month follow-up.
 
Conclusions
The large size of the aneurysm, the size of the neck, as well as the reduced diameter of the parent vessel, represent important trials for the neurosurgeon in the correct clipping of the aneurysm. In some cases, sectioning of the aneurysm dome was necessary for successful clipping.
RECENT DEVELOPMENTS IN ENDOVASCULAR THERAPY FOR CHRONIC SUBDURAL HEMATOMAS USING LIQUID EMBOLIC AGENTS
Authors: Radu Razvan Alexandru , Dorobat Bogdan
Published: November 2024

Chronic subdural hematomas (cSDH) remain a significant challenge in neurosurgery, particularly among the elderly. Recent
advancements in endovascular therapy, specifically the use of non-adhesive embolic agents, have shown promise in improving outcomes for these patients. This presentation will delve into the latest developments and clinical evidence surrounding this innovative approach.
           
The discussion will include findings from recent randomized trials that have evaluated the efficacy and safety of embolisation with non-adhesive agents, both as a standalone treatment and in conjunction with traditional surgical methods. Technical outcomes from these studies will be analyzed, highlighting key differences in patient recovery, complication rates, and long-term results between the combined and isolated approaches.
 
One of the focal points of the presentation will be the technical nuances of performing embolisation, emphasizing the procedural intricacies and the choice of embolic materials. Comparative data will be presented to illustrate the benefits of non-adhesive agents over other embolisation methods, particularly in terms of reducing re-bleeding rates and minimizing invasive interventions.
 
Additionally, we will explore future implications of widespread adoption of this technique, including its potential to alter standard care practices and improve patient prognoses. Projections will be made regarding the impact on healthcare resources, patient quality of life, and overall survival rates.
 
The presentation aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the current state and future potential of endovascular therapy for cSDH, offering valuable insights for neurosurgeons and interventional radiologists seeking to enhance their therapeutic arsenal.
DECISION-MAKING PROCESS IN UPPER BRACHIAL PLEXUS PALSIES - POINT OF NO RETURN?
Authors: Savić Andrija , Lepić Milan , Mićić Aleksa , Grujić Jovan , Rasulić Lukas
Published: November 2024

Upper brachial plexus palsy is characterized by inability to perform elbow flexion, shoulder abduction, and external rotation. This study presents a comprehensive review of a 40-year experience with upper brachial plexus palsy surgery at a single center, outlining our surgical approach and current management trends.
 
Surgeries were typically performed between 3 and 6 months after the injury to allow for potential spontaneous recovery. During this period, a total of 1,473 procedures were carried out, targeting various nerve components: C5-C7 roots to upper/middle trunks (n=126), musculocutaneous nerve (n=661), axillary nerve (n=573), and suprascapular nerve (n=113). Functional recovery, defined as M3-M5, was achieved in 85.7% of the cases.
 
In some cases, exploring and repairing nerve lesions may be ineffective, leaving nerve transfers as the sole viable option. The decision-making process is significantly influenced by preoperative evaluations. When imaging confirms that structural continuity of nerve elements is preserved, preoperative electrodiagnostic testing may not effectively differentiate between preserved and disrupted functional continuity. In contrast, when imaging reveals disrupted structural continuity, the absence of advanced imaging techniques complicates the confirmation of root avulsion and the differentiation between supraganglionic and infraganglionic root injuries.
 
Final surgical decisions are made intraoperatively, using neuromonitoring to assess the functional continuity of the nerve elements. If functional continuity is maintained, only supraclavicular exploration and decompression may be needed. For infraganglionic root avulsion, supraclavicular nerve grafting might be required based on the extent of the nerve defect. Nerve transfers are reserved for cases involving complete supraganglionic avulsion of all roots.
GAMMA-KNIFE RADIOSURGERY
Authors: Stoica Fery , Perin Radu , Neamtu Daniela
Published: November 2024

Clinical research to refine and minimize surgical interventions has continued to be one of the most important features of the neurosurgical development during the last half of the XX century. Prof. Lars Leksell, the inventor of the Gamma-Knife radiosurgery (GKRS), was a leader in stereotactic surgery. In addition, he coined the concept of radiosurgery more than 60 years ago. Leksell and his coworkers have defined the indications for radiosurgery and introduced stereotactic techniques into radiosurgery.
 
Today, GKRS is one of the three generally accepted treatment modalities in the treatment of cerebral AVMs together with microsurgery and endovascular techniques.
 
The authors present their experience in treating 461 patients harbouring cerebral AVMs with a Leksell Gamma-Knife unit between 2005 and 2023.
 
The follow-up schedule was a MR examination performed 6 and 12 months after the treatment in order to define if a radiation induced oedema had developed or not, as this represents the beginning and the end of the timer period in which the complications usually occur. If a radiation induced oedema was visible and the patient asymptomatic, the oedema was not treated. After that, a MRI and a MRA examination after two years to define the timing of the angiogram are of need. If the 2-year MR suggests complete AVM occlusion, we always perform an angiogram to verify the occlusion, as we know that a small remnant cannot be definitely excluded by using MR examinations. If the 2-year MR examination reveals a persistent AVM nidus, we postpone the angiogram to 3 years after the treatment. Naturally, as for all patients, a neuroradiological examination can be prompted by clinical symptoms. The outcome of our patients following a GKRS in relation to their age can be summarized as follows:
 
-    AVMs in children: cure rate 86% at 24 months, cure rate 100% at 36 months;
-    AVMs in young adults: cure rate 81% at 24 months, cure rate 86% at 36 months;
-    AVMs in adults: cure rate 41% at 24 months, cure rate 82% at 36 months.
 
Predilect areas for oedema were the Parietal lobe and the basal ganglia, and 5 of the 6 patients which developed it had AVMs in excess of 11 cm3.
 
The probability for AVM obliteration is dependent of the dose to the AVM periphery, the volume of the nidus and its localization, best results being recorded in children.
PRESSURE MEASUREMENT IN MOYAMOYA BYPASS SURGERY
Authors: Xu Bin
Published: November 2024

Background
This study aims to elucidate the clinical and theoretical value of directly measuring donor and recipient arterial pressure pre- and post-superficial temporal artery- middle cerebral artery (STA-MCA) bypass in moyamoya disease (MMD) patients.
 
Methods
DSA imaging data were prospectively collected from patients diagnosed with bilateral MMD who underwent STA-MCA bypass surgery between 2022 and 2023 and stratified according to the Suzuki stage. The mean arterial pressure (MAP) of the donor and recipient arteries was directly measured during the STA-MCA bypass procedure, and these data were statistically analysed and evaluated.
 
Results
Among 48 MMD patients, Suzuki grading revealed that 43.8% were in early stages (II and III), while 56.2% were in advanced stages (IV, V, and VI). Predominantly, 77.1% presented with ischemic-type MMD, and 22.9% with hemorrhagic type. Pre-bypass assessments showed that 62.5% exhibited antegrade blood flow direction and 37.5% had retrograde. The mean recipient artery pressure was 35.0 ± 2.3 mmHg, with a mean donor-recipient pressure gradient (?P) of 46.4 ± 2.5 mmHg between donor and recipient arteries. Post-bypass, mean recipient artery pressure increased to 73.3 ± 1.6 mmHg. No significant correlation (r = 0.18, P = 0.21) was noted between ?P and Suzuki staging.
Conclusion
While Suzuki staging offers a morphological description of the cerebral arterial system, preoperative decisions regarding the revascularization procedure in MMD patients should consider the pressure characteristics of the cortical arteries. Our findings provide objective criteria that choosing the anastomosis site in the downstream blood flow of the recipient is a reasonable choice.
TARGETED SURGICAL APPROACH TO MULTIPLE CEREBRAL HYDATID CYSTS WITHOUT SYSTEMIC INVOLVEMENT
Authors: Zaharia M.C. , Filip C.I. , Radu R. , Neacsu A. , Gorgan R.M.
Published: November 2024

Background
The adult Echinococcus Granulosus resides in the intestines of dogs. Infectious eggs are excreted in the feces. Hydatid infections can affect multiple organs, with the liver being the most commonly involved, followed by the lungs and spleen. Less frequently, the brain, spine, retroperitoneal space, kidneys, and musculoskeletal system can also be affected.
 
Case Presentation
A 55-year-old male from a rural area, who owns sheep and dogs, presented with symptoms such as poor coordination in his right hand, agraphia, and acalculia. One week prior to admission, he had a sudden loss of consciousness. CT and MRI scans revealed six distinct cystic lesions in the left parietal lobe, extending towards the lateral ventricle. These lesions were well-defined, non-enhancing, and showed minimal perilesional edema. Whole body CT scan showed no additional cysts.
 
Results
After comprehensive investigations, the patient underwent surgery. A left parietal craniotomy was performed, followed by a C-shaped durotomy. Intraoperative ultrasound was utilized to locate the cysts. A minimal corticectomy was made at the posterior border of the parietal lobe. This exposed a cluster of six hydatid cysts located 1 cm subcortically. The cysts were carefully dissected and individually removed using the Dowling-Orlando technique. The remaining cavity was then flushed with a hypersaline solution. The patient recovered well, with no new neurological. He received therapy with albendazole second day after surgical intervention. Histopathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of hydatid cysts. The patient was discharged on the 10th postoperative day.
 
Discussion
The Dowling-Orlando technique is a highly effective surgical method for removing cerebral hydatid cysts without causing rupture. Magnification is recommended during the early stages of surgery to avoid damaging the fragile cyst wall and to establish the precise surgical plane. Saline solution is used to dissect the cyst wall from the brain tissue and aid in the removal of the hydatid. Tilting the operation table towards the lesion site and lowering the patient's head assists in the gravity-assisted removal of the cyst.
أثر العجز المزدوج على الدين الأجنبي الأردني: دراسة قياسية
Authors: بدر ماجد فرحان
Published: November 2024

تهدف هذه الدراسة بشكل أساسي إلى البحث في أثر العجز المزدوج، أي عجز كل من الموازنة الحكومية والحساب الجاري على حجم المديونية الأجنبية للأردن خلال الفترة 1977- 2004. ولتحقيق هذا الهدف تم استخدام طريقة التكامل المشترك بخمسة متغيرات هي: الرصيد القائم للدين العام الأجنبي بوصفه متغيراً تابعاً، وأربعة متغيّرات مفسّرة، وهي: عجز الموازنة الحكومية، ورصيد الحساب الجاري، وفجوة الادخار معبراً عنها بالفرق بين التكوين الرأسمالي الثابت الإجمالي والادخار المتاح الصافي، وحجم المساعدات الخارجية. ولاختبار جذر الوحدة تم استخدام أسلوبين هما: اختبار ديكي- فولر الموسع، واختبار فيليبس- بيرون، وذلك بهدف اختبار درجة تكاملية المتغيرات المستخدمة في الدراسة. كما تم استخدام طريقة جوهانسن للتكامل المشترك في التحليل. وبهدف دعم نتائج الدراسة تم إجراء دراسة التفاعل الديناميكي بين المتغيرات باستخدام تحليل مكونات التباين. وتشير نتائج الدراسة التي تطابقت مع نتائج دراسات سابقة إلى أن المتغيرات المستقلة الأربعة السابق ذكرها تتسبب في ما يزيد على 85% من الرصيد المتراكم لمديونية الأردن للخارج، وكان الأثر الأكبر من بين هذه المتغيرات لعجز الموازنة، يليه- وبنسبة قليلة نسبياً- عجز الحساب الجاري، ثم فجوة الادخار، وأخيراً حجم المساعدات الخارجية.
Leveraging Data Analytics to Investigate the Effectiveness of Flipped Classroom Models: A Case Study of Practical Programming Teaching
Authors: Tran Huy , Vu-Van Tien , Le Thanh-Van , Pham Hoang-Anh , Huynh-Tuong Nguyen
Published: November 2024

Educators face multiple challenges when teaching programming, such as the intricate nature of programming knowledge, the choice of effective teaching methods, and the diverse abilities of learners. Traditional teaching methods often fail to address these challenges, leading to higher dropout rates and lower student grades. This paper explores a study on the effectiveness of the flipped classroom model as a strategy to enhance student engagement in a practical programming course. In addition, learning data was analyzed to examine the relationship between pre-class preparation and in-class learning outcomes. The study's results indicate that the flipped classroom model significantly enhances student engagement and performance. Students who diligently completed pre-class assignments and dedicated more time to study demonstrated improved performance in subsequent in-class exercises. The results emphasize the potential of the flipped classroom model as a successful teaching method for increasing student involvement, encouraging self-directed learning, and ultimately improving the overall educational experience in programming courses.
From Waste to Wealth: Entrepreneurial Ventures in Chitosan Extraction for Environmental Sustainability
Authors: Sulistyowati Lilik , Syarif Mohammad , Elvira Marlon V. , Putrianti Nabila Puspa , Andareswari Novi , Krisnawati Eny , Komarudin Nurul Amri
Published: November 2024

The degradation of water quality in the environment can be attributed to the discharge of wastewater from shrimp ponds. Conversely, solid waste in the form of shrimp shells presents an entrepreneurial opportunity through the extraction of chitosan, a substance with the potential to enhance water quality while contributing to environmental sustainability. Sampling for this study was conducted at the Vannamei Nusantara Gemilang pond, located in Tambakrejo Village, Malang Regency, East Java. The research employed an experimental methodology with a quantitative approach, supplemented by a literature review. Various doses of chitosan solutions were tested on shrimp pond wastewater. The optimal results were obtained at a dosage of 80 mg/L, significantly outperforming the untreated water. The test outcomes for the 80 mg/L dosage included: BOD (Biochemical Oxygen Demand) at 4.62 mg/L, Nitrite concentration at 0.045 mg/L, turbidity at 3.55 NTU (Nephelometric Turbidity Units), TSS (Total Suspended Solids) at 14.6 mg/L, TDS (Total Dissolved Solids) at 2974 mg/L, pH level at 6.31, and temperature at 31.40°C. Notably, the Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) levels did not meet quality standards, highlighting the need for further process optimization. These findings emphasize the potential of chitosan extraction as a sustainable solution, while also underscoring the importance of continued research into the economic feasibility of this waste-to-wealth approach. Further studies are necessary to refine the wastewater treatment process, quantify the economic benefits, and ensure the long-term viability of this entrepreneurial venture in environmental sustainability.
Marco Antonio Canini and the Ethnogenesis of the Romanian people
Authors: Guida Francesco
Published: November 2024

Marco Antonio Canini, a well-known philo-Romanian, was an artisan of tightening the relations between the Romanians and the Italians. In the period preceding the Union of the Principalities, the Venetian had an active political and cultural contribution in supporting the national cause of the Romanian people. Between 1857 – 1858, Canini polemically replied to certain statements made by Ion C. Brătianu regarding the ethnogenesis of the Romanians. In a series of articles published in Nationalul and Gazeta de Transilvania, bound together in a volume, Studii istorice asupra originii natiunii române, Canini maintained, based on historical, linguistic and archeological evidence, the importance of the Latin component in the process of the Romanian people’s formation.
Culture, Values and European Integration
Authors: Kühnhardt Ludger
Published: November 2024

The meaning of Europe has changed all too often in the long history of the continent. Rarely has the idea of Europe lasted unchallenged by other forces within the diverse continent. A cultural and value based concept of identity has been the usual expression of Europe’s diversity. The strife for a political notion of identity, all the more based on freedom and on the very diversity of Europe, is as new as the process of European integration through the modus of the European Union is. This paper will discuss the traditional ingredients of European identity. It will then look into the notion of European citizenship as it is developing inside the European Union. This notion of citizenship and "ownership" of the European Union will be reflected in light of the notion of universality, Europe’s relationship with "the others" and as a potential basis for defining Europe’s role in the world. The paper then looks into the increasingly controversial debate in Europe over the notion of man in the context of medical developments and bioethical controversies about the beginning and the end of human life. Finally it takes up the question as to whether the emerging European constitution will be able to contribute to a political identity of Europe, thus transforming cultural traditions and European values into cornerstones of a future political role of Europe.
Considerations concerning the Functionality of Bessarabia’s Provisional Administrative System during the First Years of Russian Domination (1812-1816)
Authors: Cornea Sergiu
Published: November 2024

The paper details the first five years of Russian administration in Bessarabia, a period in which an interesting dispute existed between the Russian civil servants, eager to remove all local regional particularities and to unify the provincial administration with that of the Empire, and the local Moldavian nobility, who struggled for the preservation of the old legal principles and administrative customs, with the use of the Romanian language in all the domains of activity.
Dimitrie Cantemir: Obsession with the Truth
Authors: Zub Alexandru
Published: November 2024

No matter which exegetical angle is used in order to approach his complex personality, concomitantly as a historian, a philosopher or a moralist, Dimitrie Cantemir reveals himself, through his monumental work, as a spirit intensely preoccupied by the problem of the truth. As a philosopher, the historian defines himself as a researcher of the truth. The eyes, the soul and the life of history: it is in this way that Dimitrie Cantemir defined the truth, appealing to a meaningful metaphor which reveals his endeavor to ensure the full conformity of his work with the reality of facts.
PROCEDIMENTOS PARA EXECUÇÃO DE OBRAS NA REDE DE DISTRIBUIÇÃO DA ENEL DISTRIBUIÇÃO CEARÁ
Authors: ERIK TEIXEIRA SILVA CAIO
Published: November 2024

This work presents the procedures necessary to carry out works in Enel's energy distribution network in the state of Ceará in order to provide quality and reliable product to the captive customer and for this, the partner company holding the contract for the execution of works must comply with the steps and procedures described in work instruction WKI-NDBR-DCE-18-0065-EDCE: Construction and Renovation of de-energized high and low voltage overhead lines. It begins by describing the basic operation of the high and low voltage power distribution systems in the state, such as the electrical configuration and voltage level of the primary and secondary networks. After that, the steps to carry out works in the distribution network are presented, as indicated in the aforementioned work instruction. Finally, a case study is presented in which a high voltage network extension work was carried out by the company B&Q Energia in the city of Santana do Acaraú, presenting all the steps carried out by the contractor obeying the work instruction.
Analisa Fundamental Makro, Fundamental Mikro, Kinerja Keuangan, Kepemilikan Perusahaan berpengaruh Nilai Perusahaan dengan Struktur Kepemilikan Sebagai Indikator Moderating Pada Perusahaan Food and Beverage yang Terdaftar Pada Bursa Efek Indonesia
Authors: Amalia Devina Shava , Hwihanus
Published: November 2024

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh fundamental makro, fundamental mikro, kinerja keuangan, dan kepemilikan perusahaan terhadap nilai perusahaan dengan struktur kepemilikan negara yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia pada tahun 20219 hingga 2023. Untuk mengetahui dan mengevaluasi. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif kuantitatif dengan menggunakan data sekunder untuk variabel independen dan dependen Data diperoleh dari laporan keuangan, laporan tahunan, dan berbagai platform online termasuk website Bursa Efek Indonesia. Penelitian ini menyasar seluruh perusahaan BUMN yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI) pada tahun 2019 hingga 2023, dengan enam perusahaan yang dipilih menggunakan metode random sampling. Hasil pengujian hipotesis menunjukkan bahwa satu variabel independen mempunyai pengaruh signifikan terhadap variabel dependen, sedangkan delapan variabel lainnya tidak mempunyai pengaruh signifikan terhadap nilai perusahaan
Analisis Akuntabilitas dan Transparansi Laporan Keuangan Perspektif Akuntansi Syari’ah di Masjid Nurul Ansor Kecamatan Panji Kabupaten Situbondo
Authors: Rahmatilla Firda Yusi , Hafidh Ali Abd.
Published: November 2024

Islam memiliki konsep tersendiri berkaitan dengan pertanggungjawaban. Islam memandang manusia sebagai khalifatullah fil ardh (wakil tuhan di bumi). Dengan kata lain, segala yang dimiliki manusia di bumi adalah amanah dari Tuhan yang kelak akan dimintai pertanggungjawaban. Terkait dengan penerapan prinsip akuntabilitas menurut Islam pada lembaga keagamaan, pengelolaan keuangannya harus mencerminkan akuntabilitas yang baik. selain harus akuntabel juga harus transparan, penyajian yang transparan dalam laporan keuangan masjid menjadi kunci sukses dalam upaya menjaga kemakmuran masjid dan dapat menumbuhkan rasa kepercayaan diri dari masyarakat dalam memberikan sumbangan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis akuntabilitas dan transparansi laporan keuangan yang ada di masjid Nurul Ansor Kecamatan Panji Kabupaten Situbondo, agar dapat diketahui tentang bagaimana akuntabilitas dan transparansi laporan keuangan yang dicatat oleh masjid Nurul Ansor, sekaligus menganalisis kesesuaian laporan keuangan masjid Nurul Ansor berdasarkan perspektif akuntansi syari’ah. Untuk penelitian ini, peneliti menggunakan jenis metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif dan dalam memperoleh data yaitu dengan  observasi; dokumentasi dan wawancara. Yang kemudian data tersebut dianalisis melalui tiga tahap, yaitu reduksi data, penyajian data dan penarikan kesimpulan. Sedangkan untuk pengujian keabsahan datanya, peneliti menggunakan Teknik triangulasi. Hasil penelitian ini adalah akuntabilitas dan transparansi laporan keuangan masjid Nurul Ansor belum sepenuhnya sesuai berdasarkan perspektif akuntansi syari’ah.
Presentación del Máster Universitario en estudios de género y desarrollo profesional
Authors: Rodríguez Ruiz Blanca , Cala Carrillo María Jesús , Casado Mejía Rosa María , García Gil María Carmen , Padilla Carmona María Teresa , Sánchez-Apellániz García Mercedes
Published: November 2024

Recurso audiovisual de presentación del Máster en Estudios de Género y Desarrollo Profesional de la Universidad de Sevilla. En él se explican sus rasgos principales: su perfil académico interdisciplinar y vocación internacional, la organización de su docencia en distintos módulos, incluyendo información sobre el desarrollo en él de prácticas curriculares y de TFM; el objetivo es acercar la titulación a quien tenga interés en cursarla.
Reflexiones históricas sobre la calidad en medicina nuclear en Colombia: regulación normativa y dinámica del mercado
Authors: Llamas Olier Augusto
Published: November 2024

El 5 de diciembre de 2002, el Ministerio de Minas y Energía (MME) de Colombia expidió una nueva resolución “por la cual se adopta el Reglamento de Protección y Seguridad Radiológica” (1). Desde ese instante, el mundo de las prácticas médicas que emplean materiales radiactivos —entre ellas, la medicina nuclear— cambió para siempre, pasando a ser, a juicio de muchos expertos, una actividad sobrerregulada. Nuestra cotidianidad pasó a ser un anecdotario de recuentos que, a la sombra de la nueva norma, pueden fluctuar entre la hilaridad y la herejía.
Cuando se habla del tratamiento del cáncer diferenciado de tiroides, necesariamente se habla del yodo radiactivo (I-131), un isótopo radiactivo que tiene una semivida de 8,03 días con emisiones de radiación beta y gamma. Normalmente, está presente en bajos niveles en los servicios de medicina nuclear, en pacientes a quienes se les haya administrado terapia con I-131 en los últimos 3 meses, y en las emisiones de las plantas nucleares (2).
Las dosis de I-131 que resultan de los procedimientos médicos, incluyendo las dosis terapéuticas para enfermedades tiroideas, liberan bajos niveles de radiación en los servicios de medicina nuclear. Estas intervenciones terapéuticas generan una dosis promedio a la glándula tiroides de 10 a 100 Gy, que equivalen a una dosis de radiación absorbida (rad, radiation absorbed dose) de 1000 a 10 000 rads. Estas intervenciones terapéuticas exceden significativamente la dosis de radiación de fondo de un año. Los pacientes sometidos a este procedimiento emiten bajos niveles de radiación durante cerca de 3 meses (2).
تعرُّف العرب على الكتب الهندية المقدسة: إعادة اكتشاف نص للبيروني
Authors: Ban El Mahdi Youssef
Published: November 2024

الأهداف:  تسعى هذه الدراسة إلى استئناف حركة البحث في ثقافة الهند وتقاليدها الدينية، استجابة لتحديات علمية، وثقافية، واستراتيجية حديثة، وذلك من خلال إضاءة جوانب من أصول علم الهنديات العربي الذي خطى أهم خطواته مع أعلام مميزين، أبرزهم أبو الريحان البيروني (ت443 هـ 1051م).  
المنهجية: اعتمدت الدراسة الاستقراء أساسا للبحث عن المعطيات وجمعها، وتوسلت بالتحليل التاريخي والمقارنة بين ما قدمه البيروني وبين ما بسطته المعاجم الدينية المتخصصة.
النتائج: بينت الدراسة حاجة البيئة العلمية العربية لاستئناف "علم الهنديات" الذي أسسه علماء الحضارة الإسلامية في العصر العباسي، وكشفت عن أهمية ما كتبه البيروني بخصوص النصوص البرهمية المقدسة، كما أسهمت في تقريبه للمهتمين، الأمر الذي لم يكن متحققا قبل هذه الدراسة.
الخلاصة: يعد البيروني مؤسسا لعلم الهنديات في مجالنا الفكري والثقافي، من خلال كتبه الدينية المؤلفة والمترجمة، وأبرزها كتاب "تحقيق ما للهند من مقولة مقبولة في العقل أو مرذولة" الذي عرض فيه أهم النصوص السنسكريتية المقدسة التي أمكنه الاطلاع عليها في رحلته لبلاد الهند، وقدم لعلماء الأديان في عصره والعصور الموالية، وصفا دقيقا عن أسمائها، وكتابها، ومضامينها... لكن الاستفادة من درر البيروني في عصرنا، تبقى ضعيفة، بسبب صعوبة الاهتداء إلى مقصوده دون توضيح السياقات، وتحديث الأسماء والعبارات، وتفسير معانيها بالحواشي والتعليقات الضرورية.
نَمْذَجةُ (مُحَاكَاةُ) النُّموِّ العُمَرانِيِ في أَبْها الحَضَريَّةِ حتى عَاْمِ 2030م باستِخْدامِ نَموذَجِ مَارْكُوفْ المُدْمَجِ (CA-Markov)
Authors: ALOmeir Saad Abdullah , Alshwesh Ibrahim Obaid
Published: November 2024

تعد نماذج الآلية النمو الحضري من التقنيات الحديثة التي أثبتت فاعليتها في توقع النمو العمراني المستقبلي؛ إذ أنها تساعد المخططين وصناع القرار في محاولة إيجاد الحلول الممكنة للتغلب على مشاكل التوسع العمراني المتوقعة.
 الأهداف: سعت الدراسة إلى نمذجة (محاكاة) النمو العمراني في أبها الحضرية حتى عام 2030م؛ بهدف إنتاج خريطة رقمية للكتلة العمرانية؛ يمكن من خلالها حساب مساحة الكتلة العمرانية المتوقعة؛ وذلك باستخدام نموذج ماركوف المدمج؛ بالاعتماد على خرائط النمو العمراني للفترة (1984-2002م).
المنهجية: اتبعت الدراسة منهج التحليل المكاني لمحاكاة النمو العمراني؛ وذلك بتصنيف استخدامات الأرض إلى صنفين هما: (العمران، والخالي من العمران باستخدام نموذج (CA-Markov)، ثم تقييم دقة التصنيف باستخدام برنامج الادريسي سيلفا IDRISI Selva)).
النتائج: توصلت الدراسة إلى أن المساحة العمرانية المتوقع نموها في أبها الحضرية حتى عام 2030م ستبلغ (120.6) كم2، وبنسبة 12.8% من إجمالي مساحتها الكلية التي تبلغ (945.7) كم2، وذلك بزيادة سنوية تصل إلى (12.1) كم2 سنويا، أي ثلاثة أضعاف الزيادة السنوية بين عامي (1984-202) والبالغة (3.9) كم2.
الخلاصة: توقعت الدراسة أن يبلغ إجمالي المساحة المعمورة الاجمالية سيصل إلى (300.25) كم2 في عام 2030م، وبما نسبته 31.8% من إجمالي مساحة أبها الحضرية، وتوصي الدراسة بضرورة وضع الخطط المستقبلية للتوسع العمراني المتوقع؛ للحد من الآثار المترتبة عليه.
Love for God: Intertextuality in Nizami Ganjavi's Leyli o Majnun and the Quran
Authors: Nuruddin . , Bustam Betty Mauli Rosa , Syarifudin Achmad , Sarip Mohamad , Failasuf Chakam , Syarfuni .
Published: November 2024

Objectives: This study aimed to show  the threads of  the intertextuality that bind  texts of Nizam Ganjavi’s  Leyli o Majnun and   the Quran together. 
Methods: This study used the qualitative approach. The study’s data was collected via identifying and categorizing the texts related to Allah’s love in Leyli o Majnun. Data was analyzed relying on the poetics of Julia Kristeva’s theory of intertextuality. 
Results: The study results showed that the Islamic values discussed in Leyli o Majnun fall into three different categories: Shari’a, ethics and doctrine. The results also showed that those Islamic values are derived from the Quranic verses.  
Conclusions: This study implicitly alludes to the notion that the Islamic values  integrated in the body of the text are meant to show the greatness of Allah’s love. The  study also recommends that the kind of love among humans  portrayed in the text is nothing compared to  the love that Allah reciprocates with His worshippers
Jews Stereotypes in the Arabic and Spanish Cultures: A Comparative Study
Authors: Ababneh Mohammad Daher , Al-Azzam Bakri Hussein , Al-AMAR Abdullah Mohammad
Published: November 2024

Objectives: This study primarily aims to investigate the stereotype of Jews in Arabic and Spanish cultures, where they are similarly described and portrayed. It also seeks to demonstrate that Jews are, to a great extent, negatively depicted in both cultures, emphasizing that societal stereotypes about Jews largely align in both contexts.
Methods: The methodology of the study involves identifying specific stereotypes of Jews present in both Arabic and Spanish cultures. To practically compare these stereotypes, the study examines nine Quranic verses representing Jewish stereotypes and nine Spanish proverbs expressing the same stereotypes. The stereotypes are then compared across cultures.
Results: The main finding of this study is that stereotypes about a particular community or nation can stem from deeply rooted literature, whether divine, like the Quran, or non-divine, like proverbs. The study concludes that Arabs and Spanish share similar negative viewpoints about Jews.
Conclusion: This study demonstrates that Jews are similarly depicted in Arabic and Spanish cultures. It also highlights that both the Qur'an and Spanish proverbs serve as significant cultural and authentic references, sharing the same negative viewpoint about Jews. Furthermore, the study concludes that the impact of the Qur'an on Arabic culture is parallel to the influence of proverbs on Spanish culture.
درجة إسهام جودة الحياة بالتنبؤ في مستوى الاكتئاب لدى أمهات أطفال مرضى الفشل الكلوي في محافظة عمان
Authors: Alkhatatneh Sami Mohsen
Published: November 2024

الأهداف: هدفت هذه الدراسة التعرف إلى مستوى جودة الحياة وعلاقتها بالاكتئاب لدى أمهات مرضى الفشل الكلوي في الأردن، ومدى اسهام جودة الحياة في الاكتئاب.
المنهجية: تكونت عينة الدراسة من (348) أم من أمهات مرضى الفشل الكلوي في محافظة عمان، ولتحقيق هدف الدراسة تم تطوير مقياس جودة الحياة، ومقياس الاكتئاب وذلك بعد الرجوع للأدب النظري والدراسات السابقة، تم التحقق من صدق وثبات أدوات الدراسة.
النتائج: بيّنت نتائج الدراسة وجود مستوى منخفض من جودة الحياة ومستوى متوسط من الاكتئاب لدى أمهات مرضى الفشل الكلوي في محافظة عمان، كما بيّنت النتائج وجود علاقة ارتباطية عكسية ذات دلالة إحصائية عند مستوى (α=0.01) بين مستوى جودة الحياة، ومستوى الاكتئاب، وكشفت النتائج أن جودة الحياة فسر ما نسبته (12%) من التباين في مستوى الاكتئاب.
الخلاصة: أوصت الدراسة أن تتبنى وزارة الصحة في سياستها وأهدافها ما يدعم جودة الحياة، ويعالج أسباب الاكتئاب لدى المرضى وأسرهم وبشكل خاص مع مرضى الفشل الكلوي، وتفعيل دور أقسام الإرشاد النفسي والاجتماعي في المستشفيات بتوعية أسر المرضى وخاصة مرضى الفشل الكلوي بأهمية جودة الحياة، والذي يلعب دوراً مهماً في خفض مستوى الاكتئاب لديهم.
العوامل المؤثرة في ظاهرة الانقلاب السياسي: دراسة مقارَنَة في تاريخ الانقلابات الروسية
Authors: Al-Mekaimi Haila Hamad
Published: November 2024

الأهداف: يسعى هذا البحث إلى دراسة العوامل المؤثرة في ظاهرة الانقلابات الروسية في التاريخ الروسي، وذلك بهدف استشراف مستقبل النظام السياسي الروسي المعاصر من حيث الثبات أو التغير.
المنهجية: يتبنى البحث المنهج البنيوي من خلال التركيز على العوامل السياسية والاقتصادية - الاجتماعية والخارجية المُسَبِّبَة لظاهرة الانقلابات. كما اعتمد البحث على المنهج التاريخي المقارَن من أجل مقارنة أبرز العوامل المؤثِّرة في ظاهرة الانقلابات في التاريخ السياسي الروسي. جاء البحث أيضاً نتاجاً لدراسة ميدانية قامت بها الباحثة في جامعة بشكيك الحكومية في كلية العلوم الشرقية والعلاقات الدولية في جمهورية قيرغيزستان خلال الفترة 1-20 أغسطس 2023. وقد تضمنت عقد ورشة عمل مع عدد من المتخصصين في التاريخ والتطور السياسي الروسي.
النتائج: كان من أهم النتائج البحثية أنّ التاريخ يحتل حيِّزاً كبيراً في أيديولوجية النخبة السياسية الروسية، وقد بدا واضحاً استخدامه خلال انقلاب قائد فاغنر يفغيني بريغوجين. كما يُعتَبَر العامل الجيوسياسي هو الأبرز في التأثير على السياسة الخارجية والداخلية الروسية بما فيها ظاهرة الانقلابات السياسية. كما خرج هذا البحث بنتيجة مفادها أنّ النخبة السياسية والصراع الاجتماعي - الاقتصادي تلعب دوراً مؤثِّراً في إذكاء الانقلابات السياسية.
الخلاصة: إنّ الانقلابات جزء من السلوك السياسي العنيف في التاريخ الروسي، وقد تكون أحياناً متنفَّساً يتمكن النظام السياسي من خلاله من تجديد صفوفه واستعادة سطوته. إلّا أنّه يُعتبَر في الوقت نفسه مؤشِّراً على تغييرات جذرية أو طفيفة يشهدها النظام بعد الانقلاب السياسي.
الاحتياطُ للمعنى النَّصِّيِّ والنَّسْجِ الشِّعريِّ بالصِّيغتين الصَّرفيتين أو بصيغةٍ دون أخرى في شِعْر طَرفَة ابنِ العبد
Authors: Torky Fayez Sobhy Abdelsalam
Published: November 2024

الأهداف: التَّعرُّف على فاعلية الصِّيغة الصَّرفية في الاحتياط للمعنى النَّصِّيِّ في شعر (طرفة) ومدى إسهامِها في تآزرِ النِّظام الصَّرفيِّ مع النَّسْج الشِّعريِّ، من خلال الصِّيغتين الاسميتين مُجتمعتين أو بالصِّيغة الصَّرفية الواحدة دون غيرها.
المنهجية: هو المنهج الوصْفيُّ المُتَّخذ مِنَ التَّحليلِ أداةً له؛ ومن ثَمَّ وُصِفَت المواضِعُ، وحُلِّلَت، مع إظهارِ ما يميِّزها مِن حيثُ التَّناولُ الذي يبيِّنُ علاقةَ اختيارِ الجزئيةِ موضع الدراسةِ بالمعنى وأثرها في النَّصِّ حيث الاحتياطُ له منْ أنْ يُفْهَمَ منه غيرُ المُراد مع تمكين المعنى.
النتائج: إنَّ احتياط الشَّاعر للمعنى النَّصِّيِّ والنَّسْجِ الشِّعريِّ بالصِّيغتين الاسميتين المُجتمعتين كان بالجمع بينهما في موقع الصِّفة، من جهة أنَّ الاكتفاءَ بصيغةٍ واحدةٍ قد يكون مظنة النَّقد أو التوُّهم؛ ومن ثَمَّ احتاط بالصِّيغة الثَّانية المغايرةِ للأولى لفظًا ومعنًى، مثل صِيغ المبالغة المختلفة. وقد جمع أيضًا بين صِّيغتين اسميتين، تكمِّل إحداهما الأخرى في وظائفَ نحويةٍ مختلفةٍ، كأنْ تكون إحداهما اسمًا للنَّاسخ والأخرى في موقع الصِّفة. وقد يجمع بينهما في موقع خبر النَّاسخ وصفته؛ بحيث توضِّح الصِّيغة الثانية كُنْه الأولى. وقد ينعت المصدرَ بالصِّفة المشبهَّة احتياطًا من إردة الحدث فقط، وغير ذلك؛ من أجْل الدَّلالة على استمرار الحدث ودوامِه وثبوتِه. وقد عبِّر بصيغةٍ صرفيةٍ واحدةٍ دون أُخرى احتياطًا أيضًا، بالإضافة إلى إرادة معنًى مَّا يتصل بالسِّياق.
الخلاصة: الاحتياطُ من الموضوعات الممُهمّة في النصوص الشِّعرية لاسيَّما نصوصُ فُلَّاق الشِّعر، فهو اختيارٌ مقصودٌ قصدًا في المواضع التي قد تكون مظنةَ فَهْمِ غير المراد أو فهْمِه وتأويله بطريقةٍ لا يقصدها المُرْسِل؛ ومن ثَمَّ يحتاط من ذلك باختياره مُعطًى صرفيًّا على نحو ما جاء بالبحث.
الاستمالات الإعلانية المستخدمة في إعلانات البنوك المحلية والأجنبية عبر مواقع التواصل الاجتماعي (دراسة تحليلية مقارنة)
Authors: AL-Qudaimi Hameed Radman
Published: November 2024

الأهداف: هدفت هذه الدراسة إلى المقارنة بين إعلانات البنوك المحلية والعربية والأجنبية، من حيث الاستمالات الإعلانية المستخدمة في مواقع التواصل الاجتماعي (Instagram - X - YouTube).
المنهجية: جاءت الدراسة في نطاق الدراسات الوصفية، وباستخدام منهج مسح المضمون والمنهج المقارن، وباستمارة تحليل المضمون؛ حيث تم تحليل (360) إعلانًا بأسلوب العينة العمدية خلال الفترة من 1/1 إلى 30/4/2023م.
النتائج: بالمقارنة بين إعلانات البنوك المحلية والعربية والأجنبية من حيث نوع الاستمالات الإعلانية المستخدمة، احتلت الاستمالتان (المنطقية والعاطفية معًا) المرتبة الأولى في إعلانات البنك الأجنبي، يليه البنك المحلي، ثم العربي، ومن حيث الاستمالات المنطقية حازت استمالة خصائص المنتج المرتبة الأولى في إعلانات البنك الأجنبي، يليه المحلي، ثم البنك العربي، أما في الاستمالات العاطفية فقد حصلت استمالة الراحة على المرتبة الأولى في إعلانات البنك الأجنبي، يليه البنك المحلي، ثم العربي، كما توصلت الدراسة إلى وجود فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية بين إعلانات البنوك المحلية والعربية والأجنبية من حيث: الاستمالات الإعلانية، الاستمالات المنطقية، الهدف التسويقي للإعلان، ولغة الإعلان؛ تُعزى لمتغير هوية البنك (محلي، عربي، أجنبي)، في حين لا توجد فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية فيما بينها من حيث: الاستمالات العاطفية، ونوع الشخصيات المستخدمة في الإعلان.
الخلاصة: توصي الدراسة باستخدام الاستمالات الإعلانية التي تناسب ثقافة المستهلك محليًا وعربيًا وأجنبيًا، بما يحقق الفائدة المرجوة من عملية الترويج، كما توصي بالاهتمام بالجانب الفني في تصميم هذه الإعلانات.