bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Self-Reported Childhood Experiences in Enriched Environments Uniquely Predict Prosocial Behavior and Personality Traits in Adulthood
Authors: McCauley Thomas Granville , McCullough Michael E.
Published: June 2019

What features of people’s childhood environments go on to shape their prosocial behavior during adulthood? Past studies linking childhood environment to adult prosocial behavior have focused primarily on adverse features, thereby neglecting the possible influence of exposure to enriched environments (e.g., access to material resources, experiences with rich cooperative relationships, and interactions with morally exemplary role models). Here, we expand the investigation of childhood environmental quality to include consideration of enriching childhood experiences and their relation to adult prosociality. In two cross-sectional studies, we found promising evidence that enriched childhood environments are associated with adult moral behavior. In study 1 (N = 1,084 MTurk workers), we adapted an existing measure of enriched childhood environmental quality for retrospective recall of childhood experiences and found that subjects’ recollections of their enriched childhood experiences are distinct from their recollections of adverse childhood experiences. In Study 2 (N = 2,208 MTurk workers), we found that a formative composite of subjects’ recollections of enriched childhood experiences is positively associated with a variety of morally relevant traits in adulthood, including agreeableness, honesty-humility, altruism, endorsement of the principle of care, empathic responding to the plights of needy others, and charitable donations in an experimental setting, and that these associations held after controlling for childhood environmental adversity, childhood socioeconomic status, sex, and age. We also found evidence suggesting that some, but not all, of the relationship between enrichment and adult prosociality can be explained by a shared genetic correlation. We include a new seven-item measure as an appendix.
Absorption, Mentalizing, and Mysticism: Sensing the Presence of the Divine
Authors: Coleman Thomas Joseph , Bartlett James Edward , Holcombe Jenny , Swanson Sally B. , Atkinson Andrew Ross , Silver Christopher , Hood Ralph
Published: June 2019

Research suggests trait absorption, individual differences in Theory of Mind (ToM), and orthopraxical training are important for explaining a variety of extraordinary experiences typically associated with religion. However, no studies exist quantifying ToM ability or testing its relationship with trait absorption in the prediction of what is arguably the most ubiquitous type of extraordinary experience—the mystical experience. To address this, two exploratory studies were conducted using a sample of meditators (N = 269) and undergraduate students (N = 123). In study one, regression analyses revealed weekly religious/spiritual practice, absorption, and mentalizing predict increased mystical experiences. Moreover, moderation analysis indicated the absorption-mysticism relationship is stronger among individuals with lower mentalizing ability. Study two only replicated the relationship of absorption and weekly practice with mysticism. These studies highlight the robust contribution of absorption in mystical experiences and suggest a more dynamic role for mentalizing than is accounted for in the current literature.
Contributions of Nonverbal Cues to the Accurate Judgment of Personality Traits
Authors: Breil Simon Mats , Osterholz Sarah , Nestler Steffen , Back Mitja
Published: June 2019

In this chapter, we summarize research on nonverbal expressions of behavior (nonverbal cues) and how they contribute to the accuracy of personality judgments. First, we present a conceptual overview of relevant nonverbal cues in the domains of facial expressions, body language, paralanguage, and appearance as well as approaches to assess these cues on different levels of aggregation. We then summarize research on the validity of nonverbal cues (what kind of nonverbal cues are good indicators of personality?) as well as the utilization of nonverbal cues (what kind of nonverbal cues lead to personality impressions?), resulting in a catalogue of those cues that drive judgment accuracy for different traits. Finally, we discuss personal and situational characteristics that moderate the expression and utilization of nonverbal cues and give an outlook for future research.
Searching For Prosociality in Qualitative Data: Comparing Manual, Closed-Vocabulary, and Open-Vocabulary Methods
Authors: McAuliffe William H.B. , Moshontz Hannah , McCauley Thomas Granville , McCullough Michael E.
Published: June 2019

Though most people present themselves as possessing prosocial traits, people differ in the extent to which they actually act prosocially in everyday life. Qualitative data that was not ostensibly collected to measure prosociality might contain information about prosocial dispositions that is not distorted by self-presentation concerns. This paper seeks to characterise charitable donors from qualitative data. We compared a manual approach of extracting predictors from participants’ self-described personal strivings to two automated approaches: A summation of words predefined as prosocial and a support vector machine classifier. Although variables extracted by the support vector machine predicted donation behaviour well in the training sample (N = 984), virtually no variables from any method significantly predicted donations in a holdout sample (N = 496). Raters’ attempts to predict donations to charity based on reading participants’ personal strivings were also unsuccessful. However, raters’ predictions were associated with past charitable involvement. In sum, predictors derived from personal strivings did not robustly explain variation in charitable behaviour, but personal strivings may nevertheless contain some information about trait prosociality. The sparseness of personal strivings data, rather than the irrelevance of open-ended text or individual differences in goal pursuit, likely explains their limited value in predicting prosocial behaviour.
Neither Mercenaries nor Masterminds: Campaign Staff and Consultants in American National Elections
Authors: Laurison Daniel
Published: June 2019

Campaigns play a key role in shaping how Americans experience electoral politics, yet the way in which professional campaign operatives understand and approach their work has received relatively little scholarly attention. Most accounts of campaigns’ strategic decision-makers treat them as masterminds – individuals who devise tactics based on brilliant political insight or masterful data analysis. Others assume they are mercenaries, milking the electoral process for all the money they can regardless of their own ideological commitments or what might actually help candidates win elections. Neither of these approaches is sufficient to understand how political professionals understand their work; they ignore both the fundamental uncertainty of campaign effects and the particularities of the work-world of political operatives. Drawing on 79 interviews with 67 campaign staff and consultants with high-level experience in Presidential and Senate campaigns, I argue that they should be understood as participants in a field of cultural production, which functions much like other arenas where communicative materials are crafted. Gaining esteem and coveted positions within the field is most participants’ primarily motivation, and the quality of the messages, images, and strategies they produce is judged less by measurable effects on voters than by an internally-generated set of norms and ideas about best practices.
Connection and Disconnection in Tom’s Midnight Garden
Authors: Studies AWEJ-tls for Translation & Literary , Jamoussi Mouhiba
Published: June 2019

This paper entitled ‘Connection and Disconnection in Tom’s Midnight Garden’ aims to challenge a particular reading of Philippa Pearce’s novel Tom’s Midnight Garden (1958) as nostalgic and concerned with aging and death. Tom’s Midnight Garden is regarded by some literary critics as a nostalgic work concerned with the past rather than the present. Its protagonist Tom is sometimes considered as disconnected from the real world and living in the fantastic. This paper will argue that, quite the contrary, Tom’s Midnight Garden stands against disconnection, between the child and the adult, the fantastic and the real, and the past and the present. Tom’s Midnight Garden celebrates connection through the interrelation between the self and the other, through a fantastic world constantly interwoven with the real, and a past tightly tied to the present. This paper relies on a thorough reading of the novel, on findings on the child-adult relationship, and on the effects of connection and disconnection on the individual.
“Jane Eyre’s Morality”: A Kohlbergian Reading
Authors: Studies AWEJ-tls for Translation & Literary , Abu Hassan Ali Sabri Mohammad , Azmi Mohd Nazri Latiff
Published: June 2019

Classified as a bildungsroman novel, Brontë’s Jane Eyre (1847) is a work of fiction which deals with the moral development of the main character as an essential ingredient of the genre. Jane’s journey towards maturity and independence is a long rocky way that shapes her identity and finally harmonizes her with society. Through many stations in her journey, Jane has to make tough moral choices and decisions to obtain healthy moral reasoning. Thus, this paper is meant to trace the protagonist’s moral development in the light of Lawrence Kohlberg’s moral theory. Jane’s journey starts when she is ten years old, and ends at the age of thirty. At the end of the novel, Jane is married and has a child aged ten. Her twenty-year-journey locates her in the three consecutive stages of moral development. Her twenty-year-journey locates her in the three consecutive stages of moral development. Depicting the influence of the main and minor characters in the novel, this paper seeks to illustrate how Jane develops a sense of moral reasoning and acts accordingly.
Review of What is Political Sociology? by Nga Than
Authors: Than Nga
Published: June 2019

In What is Political Sociology?, Elisabeth S. Clemens offers a smart primer on political sociology that asks what is distinct about this sub-field. By surveying its main concepts and research agendas—power and politics, states, nation-states, social movements, social change, and transnationalism—she shows how political sociology examines social processes that influence both formal politics and the politics that take place in everyday settings. Clemens notes that that political sociology differs from political science in that the former studies politics in various settings and that patterns of political participation and the distribution of political power are shaped by social relations, while the latter studies “the formal institutions and acts of governing” (p.1).
The Cultural Revolution in David Lodge’s Changing Places
Authors: Studies AWEJ-tls for Translation & Literary , Friji Noureddine
Published: June 2019

Utilizing Herbert Marcuse’s One-Dimensional Man (1962) and Counterrevolution and Revolt (1972) as a theoretical backdrop, this article seeks to gauge the extent to which the teachings of the German philosopher and political theorist lay the groundwork for the protests mounted by the university students in David Lodge’s campus novel Changing Places (1975). Admittedly, the Student Revolution spilled over into numerous fields. However, given space restrictions, only its cultural manifestations will be examined. It will be clear that at the root of Lodge’s students’ uprising lies an overpowering urge to break with the cultural heritage and with the academics upholding it. It will be equally clear, nonetheless, that these young activists’ faith in Marcuse’s political doctrine is unwelcome to conservative academics on the ground that it has diverse adverse effects on universities. Not only are politically oriented texts and discourses given precedence over traditional ones but also teachers and administrators are, at times, hindered from doing their duties. The plausible conclusion to draw, in the light of the research’s findings, is that although cultural revolutions undeniably pave the way for a number of personal and collective achievements and help us modernize many aspects of life, they should not blind us to the enduring significance of previous cultural traditions and of the aesthetic value of literary works.
Drama, History, and Postcolonial Résistance in Northern Nigeria: A Review of Ahmed Yerima’s Attahiru
Authors: Studies AWEJ-tls for Translation & Literary , Hassan Isyaku , Azmi Mohd Nazri Latiff , Lawan Mubarak Ibrahim , Abubakar Habibu Awais
Published: June 2019

The relationship between history proper and African historical plays drew much attention of researchers in recent years. Many theatre scholars and playwrights argue that the value of these plays, which were primarily regarded as fiction or imaginative reconstruction of the past, may prevail over history. Theatre, which is considered the most symbolic form of art, can be historically educative and evocatively accurate. Based on the aforesaid arguments, this study aims to explore the dramaturgicals, theatricals or thespians used in Yerima's Attahiru (1999) in order to repudiate and resist the distorted versions of the colonial history of Sokoto Caliphate in an effective and affective way. To achieve this aim, textual analysis is used by combining its important approaches: author-oriented approach and context-oriented approach. This analysis is significant because the researchers investigated the colonial resistance captured in the play through postcolonial theory. In addition, this paper explores the attitudes of the colonialist and the colonised reproduced in the play and how the play helps in the decolonisation process, as well as how the images of the damaged heroes are reconstructed in the play in order to restore national pride and integrity. The play reconstructs and corrects a seriously damaged and awfully misrepresented African spiritual leader, Caliph Attahiru of the old Sokoto Caliphate in Northern Nigeria.
Fiction Stories and Poster Presentation in Teaching Indonesian EFL Students
Authors: Studies AWEJ-tls for Translation & Literary , Rusmanayanti Asmi
Published: June 2019

Literacy is a crucial topic for most countries around the globe. As in Indonesia, literacy becomes a major issue since most of young Indonesian people decrease their tendency of reading books in their free time. Reading, either it is extensive or intensive ones, is an essential knowledge for everyone. Fictions are needed to be explored for better literacy. As English as a Foreign Language (EFL) students, English fiction is one of a good source to improve students ability in using English. By reading more fictions, EFL students can gain many benefits directly or indirectly to their English, and it can be seen easily from their fluency by using a special model named Poster Presentation. Furthermore, poster presentation can be used in teaching and learning as variations in reading activity. This research is to explore the use of fiction stories and Poster Presentations for Indonesian EFL students at Lambung Mangkurat University. There were some stages during the Fiction stories and poster presentation project which involved tutoring, group work, and the poster presentation. The students were asked to read short fiction stories, make a summary of it, and finally design the summary into posters. The tutoring part was beneficial to keep students understand the project. The questionnaire by using Likert-scale was distributed which to investigate students’ perception on the use of poster presentation in learning fiction stories. The results showed that the students interpret poster presentation to improve their reading comprehension, communication, cooperation, collaboration, and creativity during the classroom interaction.
Des gens « ordinaires » et des révélateurs de conspiration . . . Commentaire anthropologique sur la posture des intervenants lors d’une commission parlementaire
Authors: Cook Mathieu
Published: June 2019

Cet article présente une partie des résultats d’une analyse des mémoires, déposés lors de la commission parlementaire sur l’Entente de principe d’ordre général (EPOG) entre les Premières Nations de Mamuitun et de Nutashkuan (Innus) et les gouvernements du Québec et du Canada. Nous nous intéressons plus précisément à la posture que les acteurs sociaux ont déployée dans leurs mémoires. Nous offrons d’abord une réflexion conceptuelle à propos de la posture, ainsi que des détails sur la méthodologie employée dans cette recherche. Sept catégories de postures sont ensuite exposées, dont celle du révélateur de conspiration pour laquelle nous consacrons un peu plus d’attention.
The Promise and The Lost City of Z: Diasporas, Cinematic Imperialism and Commercial Films
Authors: Balakian Sophia , Dominguez Virginia R.
Published: June 2019

Through a mutual interview exchange, the authors reflect on two recent commercial films – The Promise and The Lost City of Z. The films deal with the Armenian genocide and British exploration of the Amazon, respectively, both chronicling events that took place in the early twentieth century. The authors’ inquiries address questions of diasporic imperialism through film, Othering, violence, and the US movie industry. While differing in their readings and opinions of the films, the authors argue that both movies reflect contemporary US fantasies and preoccupations, and that commercial cinema – and pop culture in the Global North more broadly – ought to be taken more seriously by anthropologists.
Fabrication of Al–WC gradient nano-composite via centrifugal casting method
Authors: Arefkhani Magid , Razavi Mansour , Rahimipour Mohammad Reza , Faeghinia Aida , Firoozbakht Ali Reza
Published: June 2019

In this work, fabrication and characterization of aluminum gradient composites reinforced by nano-particles of tungsten carbide via the centrifugal casting method were studied. In order to prepare a mixture of aluminum and tungsten carbide powders, a high energy planetary ball mill was used. The master-alloy was added to A356 aluminum matrix by horizontal centrifugal casting at different rotation speeds to synthesize Al-5 wt.% WC. The results of X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy analysis confirmed a homogeneous powder in nanometer scale through mechanical milling. Centrifugal casting at speeds of up to 1300 RPM is a suitable method for production of Al–WC gradient nano-composites. By increasing the rotation speed, reinforcement phases are transmitted into the outer layers of cast samples. An agglomeration of hard WC phase leads to improvement of surface hardness and wear resistance.
Pengaruh Storytelling dan Guided-Imagery terhadap Tingkat Perubahan Kecemasan Anak Usia Prasekolah yang Dilakukan Tindakan Invasif
Authors: Legi Julita Rosalia , Sulaeman Suhendar , Purwanti Nyimas Heny
Published: June 2019

This study aims to identify the effect of storytelling and guided imagery on anxiety levels of preschool children who will receive an invasive procedure (intravenous therapy). The quasi-experimental type of study is with the number of 24 people for sample. The sample technique is purposive sampling. The results of this study indicate the average level of anxiety of children who get storytelling intervention is 2.11 for groups of children accompanied by parents, and 2.50 for groups of children who are not accompanied by parents. Meanwhile, the average level of anxiety of children with guided imagery intervention is 2.17 in the group of children accompanied by parents, and 2.33 in the group of children who are not accompanied by parents. The results of statistical tests show that storytelling and guided imagery have an effect on decreasing anxiety level of preschool age children who receive invasive procedure (intravenous therapy). Storytelling and guided imagery can be applied as one of the interventions of atraumatic care to reduce anxiety of preschool age children who will receive invasive action (intravenous therapy).

 Keywords         : Storytelling, Guided-imagery, Preschool Children Anxiety
Hubungan Kompetensi Ibu, Aktivitas Fisik, dan Konsumsi Junk Food dengan Kejadian Obesitas pada Balita
Authors: Molintao Winarsi Pricilya , Sulaeman Suhendar , Purwanti Nyimas Heny
Published: June 2019

The purpose of this study is to know the correlations of maternal competence, physical activity, and consumption of junk food with the incidence of obesity in toddlers in the Work Area Puskesmas Bahu Kecamatan Malalayang Manado City. This research is an explanatory research (Explanatory Research). The total sample in this study was 98 children under five. The results showed no relationship between maternal competence with obesity characterized by p value 0.072. There is no relationship of junk food consumption with obesity characterized by p value 0.132. There is a relationship of physical activity with junk food consumption characterized by p value 0,132. There is a relationship of physical activity with junk food consumption marked with p value 0.000. There is a relationship of physical activity with obesity characterized by p value 0,016. There is a relationship between mother's competency and physical activity with a p value of 0,000. There is relationship of mother competence with junk food consumption marked with p value 0,011. regular nutrition counseling activities for children, parents, school teachers with extension materials, among others: more nutritional problems, including prevention, and impacts, healthy food choices, healthy consumption habits, and good activity patterns.

 

Keyword: Mother Competence, Physical Activity, Consumption of Junk Food, Obesity
Protokoli tehničke analize u razlučivanju podcijenjenosti od niske cijene
Authors: Šarlija Vedran , Vuraić-Kudeljan Marijana , Buterin Denis
Published: June 2019

Financijska tržišta bitna su sastavnica gospodarskog okruženja, a njihova kretanja često su izučavale različite interesne skupine. Premda nije moguće s potpunom sigurnošću predvidjeti kretanja na financijskim tržištima, zahvaljujući razvoju znanosti i tehnologije danas postoje analitički protokoli i alati kojima se ta kretanja ipak mogu kvantificirati, uvažavajući pritom određena ograničenja te određenu razinu rizika. Autori u radu istražuju kretanje cijene dionice grupacije
Đuro Đaković d. d. te upotrebom pouzdanih pokazatelja tehničke analize izvode zaključke o budućim kretanjima trendova i budućim cjenovnim razinama u kratkom, dugom i srednjem roku, s ciljem primjene rezultata na donošenje odluka u investicijskim procesima. U svakom od promatranih razdoblja autori uočavaju prisutnost negativnog trenda. Ovakvi su rezultati začuđujući, uzme li se u obzir relativno povoljan položaj poduzeća na tržištu te njegova relativna gospodarska snaga. Ipak, analiza momentuma, indeksa relativne snage i MACD signala ukazuje na naznake slabljenja negativnog trenda u kratkom i srednjem razdoblju, dok
se oporavak i porast na eventualne više cjenovne razine mogu očekivati tek u dužem roku
Kriteriji kvalitete biljnog materijala i eteričnog ulja primorskog
smilja (Helichrysum italicum (Roth.) G. Don)
Authors: Peršić Martina , Leko Karla , Dudaš Slavica
Published: June 2019

Immortelle (Helichrysum italicum) is a xerophytic plant species naturally present in the wild population of Mediterranean on karst and dry terrains. Since ancient times, the immortelle has been known as a “non-vein plant” and is highly valued due to its wide application in folk medicine. Antimicrobial, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, antioxidative, regenerative, insecticidal and repellent properties of essential oil and hydrolates are a frequent subject of recent research. The chemical composition of the essential oil and characteristics of plant material have a direct effect on market price. This research was conducted by a survey of producers and buyers of immortelle plant material and essential oil with the aim to gather information on the quality criteria of plant material and essential oil. The collected data
showed that the basic criteria for quality determination of plant material are controlled growing conditions and the main parameters affecting the price of the essential oil are chemical composition, i.e. the content and ratio of α-pinene and neryl acetate.
The assessment of time management skills in Chinese and Croatian students
Authors: Črnjar Kristina , Čikeš Vedrana , Ferenčak Kristina
Published: June 2019

Time management is the ability of consciously deciding and controlling the amount of time spent on different activities in order to be more productive and effective. In order to achieve academic success, students
should be able to manage a large number of activities, from going to lectures, studying, participating in extra-curricular activities, to making sure they are getting enough rest to stay healthy. The purpose of
this research was to determine if there are any significant differences
in the effective time management between Chinese and Croatian students.
Even though the cultural differences between these two groups are substantial, both groups are becoming a part of the same education and business market. The research was conducted on the sample of 340 Chinese
and Croatian students using an online survey. The results have shown that in several time management activities there are statistically significant differences between Chinese and Croatian students. The results also indicate that the Croatian respondents are better at setting goals, determining priorities and performing tasks by priority, while Chinese students delegate tasks and determine and eliminate time wasting activities more often than their Croatian counterparts do. On the other hand, Croatian students waste more time on activities such as conducting tasks of small importance and fun activities of no relevance (e.g. “surfing” the Internet, private telephone conversations, chatting,
etc.), while Chinese students are in the forefront with regard to ineffective and supernumerary meetings and overly long and supernumerary
phone conversations.
Sustainable rural architecture, academic projects that contribute to the construction of social and human fabric
Authors: Montaño Santana Jheysson Fernando
Published: June 2019

Introduction.This article is based on academic results, developed through the pedagogy of sustainable architecture projects in response to the construction of social and human fabric in rural areas. Objectiveto potentiate the identification of problems and needs around rural housing and social cohesion works. Materials and methodsDifferent methods will be used that encourage the active participation of the community, among which are: collective or individual (focus groups, unstructured and semi-structured interviews). Results in the civil engineering program, within the substantive functions of higher education research, teaching and social projection would be strengthened through the project. Discussiontaking into account that there are 56,786 displaced persons in the Cundinamarca region (National Information Network, 2011) to whom a viable solution of resettlement and social reintegration must be found. Conclusions establish a teaching-learning methodology based on problem-based learning, which allows students and teachers to provide real solutions.
Evaluation of the chemical risk of the miners of the transfer station ET2 Zámbiza by heavy metals in the breathable particulate material
Authors: Coral Katty , Oviedo Esteban , Rodríguez Ana
Published: June 2019

Introduction.The chemical risk was determined by heavy metals in the respirable air of the Handmade Environmental Managers, in the Zámbiza urban waste transfer station. Total PTS suspended particles were determined in the working atmosphere of the Managers. ObjectiveTo determine the quality of the breathable air in the work environment of the miners, fixing its objective in the concentration of Nickel, Cadmium, Zinc, Chromium, Barium, Lead. Materials and methodswill be used a high volume sampled, in order to perform a first sweep of metals: Nickel, Cadmium, Zinc, Chromium, Barium, Lead in the work environment. Resultswith respect to the VLA of suspended total particles that is 3 mg / m3, it can be seen that in none of the samplings this value is exceeded. DiscussionIt is important to minimize the duration and intensity of exposures to these metals, establish maximum dwell times at the same place of classification. ConclusionsEPIS individual protection equipment should be the last means to be used for the protection of workers.
Resting State Abnormalities of the Default Mode Network in Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Eyler Lisa T. , Elman Jeremy A. , Hatton Sean N. , Gough Sarah , Mischel Anna K. , Hagler Donald J. , Franz Carol E. , Docherty Anna , Fennema-Notestine Christine , Gillespie Nathan , Gustavson Daniel , Lyons Michael J. , Neale Michael C. , Panizzon Matthew S. , Dale Anders M. , Kremen William S.
Published: June 2019

Background:

Large-scale brain networks such as the default mode network (DMN) are often disrupted in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Numerous studies have examined DMN functional connectivity in those with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), a presumed AD precursor, to discover a biomarker of AD risk. Prior reviews were qualitative or limited in scope or approach.

Objective:

We aimed to systematically and quantitatively review DMN resting state fMRI studies comparing MCI and healthy comparison (HC) groups.

Methods:

PubMed was searched for relevant articles. Study characteristics were abstracted and the number of studies showing no group difference or hyper- versus hypo-connnectivity in MCI was tallied. A voxel-wise (ES-SDM) meta-analysis was conducted to identify regional group differences.

Results:

Qualitatively, our review of 57 MCI versus HC comparisons suggests substantial inconsistency; 9 showed no group difference, 8 showed MCI > HC and 22 showed HC > MCI across the brain, and 18 showed regionally-mixed directions of effect. The meta-analysis of 31 studies revealed areas of significant hypo- and hyper-connectivity in MCI, including hypoconnectivity in the posterior cingulate cortex/precuneus ( z = –3.1, p < 0.0001). Very few individual studies, however, showed patterns resembling the meta-analytic results. Methodological differences did not appear to explain inconsistencies.

Conclusions:

The pattern of altered resting DMN function or connectivity in MCI is complex and variable across studies. To date, no index of DMN connectivity qualifies as a useful biomarker of MCI or risk for AD. Refinements to MCI diagnosis, including other biological markers, or longitudinal studies of progression to AD, might identify DMN alterations predictive of AD risk.
Thermal-current density characteristic curves for a single-side permanent magnet synchronous linear motor
Authors: Liu Xiaomei , Yu Haitao , Shi Zhenchuan , Guo Rong , Liu Yulei
Published: June 2019

Research on the relationship between thermal and current density relates the design and application of the electrical machine, which is important in the process of improving motors’ efficiency and working capacity. In this article, an electromagnetic-thermal (EM-thermal) coupled-field analysis and fitting method are adopted to research the relationship among current density, recovery time and duration factor of a permanent magnet synchronous linear motor (PMSLM), and the longitudinal temperature characteristics are analyzed, the simulation results are verified by the experiment. The relationship makes it easier for designers to maximize the torque/power rating by increasing the winding current density within the limit of temperature and provides a basis for the design and choice of PMLSM under different working conditions.
Winning tennis matches with fewer points or games than the opponent
Authors: Lisi Francesco , Grigoletto Matteo , Canesso Tommaso
Published: June 2019

Due to its unique scoring system, in tennis it is possible to win a match with fewer points or fewer games than the opponent. This scoring quirk has been called Quasi-Simpson paradox (QSP) and has been analyzed by Wright et al. (2013) for the years 1990–2011. This work follows up that of Wright et al. (2013) and extends it in that: i) the QSP is studied for different, and more recent, years (2012–2017), allowing a time comparison; ii) QSP is considered with respect to games as well as to points; iii) it considers both men and women; iv) the significance of the results is verified by means of statistical tests; v) it analyzes also the difference of won points, between the winner and the loser, when QSP occurs; vi) QSP is studied also through Monte Carlo simulations allowing to analyze QSP excluding any possible players’ strategy. The simulative approach allows us to solve the seeming “Federer paradox”.
A construção do conceito de Práticas Informacionais pelos pesquisadores do EPIC
Authors: Ferreira Emanuelle Geórgia Amaral , Abreu Flávia Ferreira , Lima Gracirlei Maria Carvalho de , Sá Jéssica Patrícia Silva de
Published: June 2019

O objetivo deste trabalho é investigar como se deu a construção do conceito de Práticas Informacionais pelos pesquisadores do Grupo de Pesquisa Estudos em Práticas Informacionais e Cultura (EPIC). A pesquisa iniciou-se na disciplina “Usuários da Informação e Práticas Informacionais” do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência da Informação (PPGCI) da UFMG, ministrada pela Professora Dra. Adriana Bogliolo Sirihal Duarte, no segundo semestre do ano de 2017. Ressalta-se que foi a última pesquisa desenvolvida pela docente, líder do Grupo EPIC, realizada coletivamente com os discentes durante sua última disciplina no PPGCI. O estudo foi realizado com pesquisadores do PPGCI/UFMG que defenderam seus trabalhos dentro da temática de estudos de Usuários da Informação e Práticas Informacionais. Como procedimento metodológico utilizou-se entrevistas semiestruturadas realizadas com sete pesquisadores. Nos resultados observou-se que as primeiras pesquisas sobre Práticas Informacionais não utilizavam essa terminologia, apresentando-se como estudos de usuários vinculados à abordagem social. Dessa forma, esse conceito foi se desenvolvendo à medida em que as pesquisas foram sendo realizadas no PPGCI. Identificou-se a atual compreensão dos pesquisadores sobre as Práticas Informacionais, além da diferenciação entre práticas e comportamento informacional. Na concepção dos estudos em Práticas Informacionais no grupo EPIC, evidencia-se a liderança da Profa. Dra. Adriana Bogliolo com o desenvolvimento do conceito e metodologias de pesquisa para investigação das Práticas Informacionais.
Acción colectiva ciberactivista de “Las periodistas paramos” para la huelga feminista del 8M en España
Authors: Sosa Valcarcel Aimiris , Galarza Fernández Emelina , Castro-Martinez Andrea
Published: June 2019

La investigación analiza las prácticas de ciberactivismo de “Las periodistas paramos” como acción de apoyo a la huelga feminista del 8 de marzo de 2018. A partir del estudio de caso se describen sus estrategias en el espacio digital para visibilizar la protesta. Entre los resultados se obtiene la construcción de una identidad de género, el apoyo de mujeres periodistas a la huelga y un efecto multiplicador en otros colectivos profesionales.
Aplikasi Pemetaan Kost dan Kontrakan di Sekitar Kampus dan Instansi di Kota Padang
Authors: Rohendi Keukeu , Setiawan Luri
Published: June 2019

In search of boarding house and rented especially in Padang city, students and the general public to get information from communications with others or directly looking into the field, is caused by the absence of a system providing information about boarding and rented, the owners of the kost and boarding house publish a service boarding services and rented still in the form of brochures or banners, resulting in students not able to find information about boarding or rented as they wish.This study aims to provide a means of information about the boarding house and rented shaped geographic information system where the application is able to search and rent boarding house and its location using the Google Maps API. This application can also detect the point of boarding and search locations were rented so that the search can determine the location of the point of kost and boarding house the closest location.
The Wheeled Vehicle Forced Additional Turn Analytical Study
Authors: Sistuk Vladimir , Pikilnyak Andrey
Published: June 2019

The study is dedicated to increasing open pit trucks with electrical transmission maneuverability indices. The possibility of forced controllability usage of rear traction wheels of open pit truck with the electrical transmission, which enables them to carry out maneuvers with the usage of a forced additional turn is presented. For the first time, there has been worked out a mathematical model of the forced additional turn. It enables to determine a correlation of rotational speed ratio of rear traction wheels of starboard and port sides of the wheeled vehicle relative to a tire-to-surface friction coefficient. Firstly, the analytical dependences, which allow predicting the indices of open pit trucks maneuverability while using the forced additional turn are determined. The mathematical model adopted to appropriate truck's electric drive control algorithm can lead to trucks performance increasing by means of maneuvering time reducing.
Assessment of Piglet Vitality by Farmers—Validation of A Scoring Scheme and Estimation of Associated Genetic Parameters
Authors: Schodl Katharina , Revermann Regine , Winckler Christoph , Fuerst-Waltl Birgit , Leeb Christine , Willam Alfons , Knapp Peter , Pfeiffer Christina
Published: June 2019

Maternal breeds for sows have been bred for high prolificacy during recent decades. Although large litters may be beneficial for economic efficiency, pre-weaning mortality is increased. Thus, focus should instead be put on new traits such as piglet vitality (PV). Until now, no validated scoring scheme for piglet vitality exists, which is feasible to be applied for routine on-farm trait recording. The objective of this study was to validate a four-point vitality scoring scheme (1 = low vitality to 4 = high vitality) applied by farmers based on pre-weaning mortality and to estimate genetic parameters. A linear mixed model was fitted for piglet vitality for 3172 litters from Large White and Landrace sows on 23 farms and correlations were calculated for vitality score and piglet mortality. A subsample of 2900 records was used for genetic analysis. Pre-weaning mortality differed significantly between all vitality score categories except for 1 and 2, ranging between 7.98% (category 4) and 29.1% (category 1). PV was genetically negatively correlated to litter size (−0.68) and mortality rate (−0.65), whereas litter size was positively correlated with mortality rate (0.59). Including PV into breeding programs may, thus, improve animal welfare.
A Size-Controlled AFGAN Model for Ship Acoustic Fault Expansion
Authors: Zhang Linke , Wei Na , Du Xuhao , Wang Shuping
Published: June 2019

Identifying changes in the properties of acoustical sources based on a small number of sample data from measurements has been a challenge for decades. Typical problems are the increasing sound power from a vibrating source, decreasing transmission loss of a structure, and decreasing insertion loss of vibration mounts. Limited access to structural and acoustical data from complex acoustical systems makes it challenging to extract complete information of the system and, in practice, often only a small amount of test data is available for detecting changes. Although sample expansion via interpolation can be implemented based on the priori knowledge of the system, the size of the expanded samples also affects identification performance. In this paper, a generative adversarial network (GAN) is employed to expand the acoustic fault vibration signals, and an Acoustic Fault Generative Adversarial Network (AFGAN) model is proposed. Moreover, a size-controlled AFGAN is designed, which includes two sub-models: the generator sub-model generates expanded samples and also determines the optimal sample size based on the information entropy equivalence principle, while the discriminator sub-model outputs the probabilities of the input samples belonging to the real samples and provides the generator with information to guide sample size considerations. Some real data experiments have been conducted to verify the effectiveness of this method.
Laboratory Assessment of Deteriorating Performance of Nano Hydrophobic Silane Silica Modified Asphalt in Spring-Thaw Season
Authors: Guo Wei , Guo Xuedong , Chen Wuxing , Li Yingsong , Sun Mingzhi , Dai Wenting
Published: June 2019

In the seasonal frozen regions, freeze-thaw (F-T) damage is the main pavement damage, causing a variety of poor conditions in bitumen pavement, such as cracks, pits, potholes, and slush. In previous studies, we evaluated the effect of nano hydrophobic silane silica (NHSS) on the degradation of asphalt mixture under F-T cycles, and established the damage model of NHSS modified asphalt mixture in spring-thawing season. To gain more understanding of the influence of NHSS on asphalt in spring-thawing season, NHSS modified asphalt was systematically analyzed under F-T aging process in this study. The main research objective of this paper was to investigate the deteriorating properties of NHSS modified asphalt under Freeze-thaw aging process. Within this article, the physicochemical characteristics of NHSS modified asphalt were determined by using various laboratory tests, which included basic property test, dynamic shear rheometer test (DSR), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy test (FTIR) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The results showed that the incorporation of NHSS could inhibit the F-T aging process of asphalt. Moreover, the chemical composition and thermal stability of asphalt under F-T aging process was analyzed through FITR and TGA test parameters. The results illustrated that the sulfoxide functional groups content index was more suitable for evaluating the aging degree of asphalt in the spring-thawing season and the F-T aging process had a great impact on the thermal property of NHSS modified asphalt.
A Simplified Approach to Design Jet-Grouted Bottom Sealing Barriers for Deep Excavations in Deep Aquifers
Authors: Cao Chengyong , Shi Chenghua , Lei Mingfeng
Published: June 2019

This paper presents a simplified methodology for the design of jet-grouted bottom sealing barriers (temporary water-tightness structures) for deep excavations that was undertaken in deep aquifers. The bottom sealing barriers are usually required to prevent uplift failure against the water head below. Additionally, jet-grouted bottom sealing barriers are never perfect due to the uncertainties of jet grouting columns at the site, so the design must carefully consider the analysis of seepage. For these reasons, the proposed calculation procedure focuses on two different failure mechanisms (i.e., “instability failure” and “seepage failure”) of massive bottom sealing barriers. Subsequently, the design parameters of the jet-grouted bottom sealing barriers (e.g., depth and thickness) for an excavation case were determined while using the proposed design procedure. The field pumping test results show that the water-tightness performance of bottom-sealing barriers performed at site is good, which ensures that the water level inside the excavation can reach the desired level and the groundwater drawdown outside can be minimized. The leakage flow rate of bottom-sealing barriers is lower than the designed maximum allowable seepage when the water level inside stabilizes at the final period of the pumping test.
Application of a Probabilistic Method Based on Neutrosophic Number in Rock Slope Stability Assessment
Authors: Li Bo , Zhou Kaifeng , Ye Jun , Sha Peng
Published: June 2019

The stability of natural rock slopes is influenced by a wide spectrum of factors, such as mechanical properties of bedrocks and spatial distribution of discontinuities. Their specific values are typically incomplete, due mainly to the lack of effective and comprehensive methods to accurately characterize these factors, especially those inside of the slopes. The neutrosophic number is a useful tool to solve problems in indeterminate environment. This study introduces the neutrosophic theory into slope stability assessment. A vector similarity measure developed under neutrosophic environment was employed to establish a stability assessment method considering multilevel attributes of slopes. Using this method, the level of stability for studied slopes, i.e., stable, mostly stable, less stable, and instable, was determined by computing the relation indices. The method was applied to a group of rock slopes located in Zhejiang province, China, and the calculated results were compared with the reality of in situ survey. The field application showed that the developed method has a good efficiency and precision in assessing the stability of rock slopes. The obtained weight vector can reveal the key influential parameters that inherently control the stability of rock slopes.
Data-Aided Frequency Offset Estimation for CE-OFDM Broadband Satellite Systems
Authors: Cheng Wang , Yushi Cao , Weidong Wang
Published: June 2019

In recent years, the constant-envelope orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (CE-OFDM) has been considered as a candidate waveform in broadband satellite systems as it has a 0-dB peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR). However, the carrier frequency offset (CFO) estimation scheme for CE-OFDM broadband satellite systems directly affects system performance. In this paper, we analyze the network architecture and the propagation environment of CE-OFDM broadband satellite systems, and we propose a data-aided CFO estimation strategy based on the frequency domain pilot symbols. The Cramer–Rao bound (CRB) of our CFO estimator is given by mathematical analysis, and the effect of the number of pilot symbols on the estimation performance is analyzed. The pilot symbol-based CFO estimator is composed of a phase demodulator and a discrete Fourier transform (DFT) module, and it can obtain a large estimation range under a small pilot overhead. The simulation results show that the CE-OFDM broadband satellite systems can achieve a good bit error rate (BER) performance by using the proposed strategy to estimate and compensate the CFO.
Bringing Back the (Ancient) Bodies: The Potters’ Sensory Experiences and the Firing of Red, Black and Purple Greek Vases
Authors: Balachandran Sanchita
Published: June 2019

The study of Athenian black-figure and red-figure ceramics is haunted by nearly a thousand “hands” of the artisans thought to be responsible for their painted images. But what of the bodies attached to those hands? Who were they? Given the limited archaeological and epigraphic evidence for these ancient makers, this study attempts to recover their physical bodies through the ceramics production process—specifically the firing of vessels—as a communal activity potentially including a large cast of participants including craftsmen and craftswomen, metics, freed people and slaves. Using an experimental archaeology approach, I argue that we can begin to approach the sensory experiences of ancient potters and painters as they produced all the colored surfaces (and not only images) that endure on Greek vases. I propose a four-stage sensory firing in combination with the three-stage chemical firing process known for the production of Athenian ceramics, suggesting that each stage—and the colors produced at each stage—had their own “sensory signatures.” Examining extant vases with this awareness of the bodily experience of their ancient makers has the potential to bring back these ancient bodies, moving us beyond the limiting narrative of a single hand wielding a paint brush.