bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Actitudes ante la muerte y motivación laboral en licenciados de enfermería que atienden pacientes oncológicos
Authors:   , Briones Avila Katia Gianelly
Published: March 2022

La presente investigación consta de un diseño no experimental transversal y correlacional, el objetivo es establecer si existe correlación entre las variables actitudes ante la muerte y motivación laboral en personal de enfermería que atienden pacientes oncológicos. Participaron licenciados en enfermería (N=150) con edades comprendidas entre 25 a 55 años, a quienes se les administró el Cuestionario de actitudes ante la muerte (Vizcarra, 2012) y la Escala de Motivación Laboral (Gagné, Forest, Gilbert, Aubé, Morin, & Malorni, 2012), para luego establecer si se correlacionan o no las variables en estudio. El análisis y procesamiento de datos aplicó técnicas de estadística descriptiva e inferencial. Los resultados evidencian que la relación entre ambas variables es inexistente. Respecto a las comparaciones, las profesionales de sexo femenino, casadas, presentan actitudes positivas frente al ejercicio de su labor. Asimismo, se identificó la ausencia de investigaciones que involucren ambas variables para poder contrastarlas en la discusión.
Virtual Socio-Cultural Worlds on Open Internet Platforms
Authors: Adamyants Tamara
Published: March 2022

The possibility of direct communication between a huge number of non-public people on the open Internet platform, coupled with the ability to observe this process, which is being implemented by even more people, is the catalyst for the emergence of virtual socio-cultural worlds – conditional groups that are united by a single meaning and value field. Motive-target analysis of comments and feedback on comments on the open Internet platform “Zen” showed that one of the key semantic messages, which encourages a huge number of our compatriots to respond on the Internet and thus the manifestation of the most significant, essential points of their worldview, is the leitmotif of the importance of moral values and the requirements of their conformity at all levels of social and personal life. The mass participation of our compatriots in communication interactions on open Internet platforms is a variant of civic participation in its new, modern form, in which optimal conditions for self-determination, social adaptation and socialization arise. The key to the social significance of the meanings “living” here are the key supports for a person and society associated with traditional moral values, ideas and traditions. Control by state regulatory structures over the criteria for assessing blogs that analyze socio-political events and problems seems appropriate and socially significant. The reasons for their closure (“banning”) should be understandable, reasonable and transparent for all participants in communication interactions.
Structures of Chinese Students Interactions in Universities of the Far Eastern Federal District of The Russian Federation: Educational and Leisure Space
Authors: Vinokurova Dekabrina , Maximov Nyurgun , Hua Jiang
Published: March 2022

The article analyzes the everyday communication of Chinese students in the Far East of the Russian Federation. The empirical data are based on two studies conducted by the staff of the Institute of the East, Higher Education Research Institute of Harbin Institute of Technology and the Interdepartmental sociological laboratory of The Institute of Finances and Economics of North-Eastern Federal University in 2017 and 2019. The methodological approach of the research, based on the theory of social space, allows us to conventionally distinguish the educational field and types of neighborhood subfields. As a structure of such fields of everyday communication in a foreign ethnic environment, the following are identified: the duration of students’ stay depending on educational programs, the level of Russian language proficiency, place of residence, roommates in a dormitory, the level of material well-being of the students’ family. Of course, it is by no means denied that the main tone in the life of students is set by the cognitive environment of the learning process.
The data obtained make it possible to conditionally distinguish three types of neighborhoodhousehold subfields in the everyday extra-curricular life of students: the first can be attributed to students living with their compatriots, some of whom, having quickly adapted to local conditions, may experience difficulties in mastering the Russian language, respectively, and in general in study. The second type may include respondents who have expressed a desire to live with representatives of the local student community for closer contact with them in order to better master the Russian language. Of course, they experience difficulties at the initial stage of adaptation, which can then be compensated for by the achievement of the set goal, good command of the Russian language, the establishment of friendly relations, not only with roommates, etc. The third type can be formed by those who initially have mastered the Russian language at a sufficient level, who can communicate and study in Russia without any problems. They can live both with their fellow countrymen and with Russian students. It is necessary to urgently transfer this painted part of the Annotation.
Editorial
Authors: Coutinho Luciana Cristina Salvatti
Published: March 2022

Num contexto de incertezas, perda de direitos sociais, avanço das privatizações, aumento das desigualdades sociais e educacionais, continuidade da Pandemia da COVID19 que tem provocado a morte de milhares de pessoas, manter o trabalho acadêmico e de divulgação científica comprometida com a transformação social são expressões de resistência e de luta.  Nesse cenário, a Revista Histedbr On-line publica em 2021 o volume 21, contando com 54 artigo e 5 resenhas, abordando temáticas e perspectivas analíticas diversas, marca da história desse periódico. A vinculação institucional dos(as) autores(as) dos manuscritos publicados nesse volume é diversa, tanto nacional quanto internacionalmente: UNIOESTE, Rede Estadual de Ensino do Paraná, Prefeitura Municipal de Chopinzinho, Unicentro, UFOPA, UFMS, Universidade Rovuma (Moçambique), UFAM, UFPA, Prefeitura de Altamira/PA, UFSM, IFRS, IFFar, PUC-Goiás, UFT, UFF, UFS, UNIR, Rede Estadual de Ensino de Rondônia, UFV, UPE, Secretaria Municipal de Educação de São Paulo, IF Sudeste MG, Universidade La Salle, UFSCar, UECE, UFPB, SDR Bahia, UESB, CEN, IFG, UFC, CEFET-MG, UEPG, UFES, PUC-PR, UFU, INSS, UTFPR, UFRN, IFPR, UEMG, Rede Municipal de Educação de Caetité/BA, Câmara Federal, UNEB, UNISUL, Prefeitura Municipal de Casemiro de Abreu, UNIRIO, USP, UEMS, Secretaria de Estado de Educação de Mato Grosso do Sul, Secretaria Estadual do Rio Grande do Sul, Unicamp, IFRO, UERJ, UFRRJ, UnB, Secretaria de Estado de Educação do Distrito Federal, UNESPAR, Secretaria de Educação do Maranhão, UNESP, Universidad Nacional de La Plata (Argentina), Universidad de Oriente (Venezuela), IFSP, Universidad de Santiago (Chile), Universidad de Santiago de Compostela (Espanha), Universidad Nacional del Litoral (Argentina).
Teaching Reform of Advanced Steel Structure Course Based on Accident Cases -Taking the Joint Design as an Example
Authors: He Chang , Ding Faxing , Yu Yujie
Published: March 2022

The construction measures of steel structure joints have an important impact on the overall steel structure, the safety of the joint itself and the seismic performance of the structure. In the teaching of the node chapter of Advanced Steel Structure Course for undergraduates majoring in civil engineering, the focus is on teaching the calculation and design method of nodes, and only introductory explanations are given for the construction measures of nodes, and the students' learning effect is not satisfactory. This paper analyzed the current situation of teaching in the chapter of steel structure joints. Based on three engineering accident cases caused by improper joint construction measures, a case teaching idea was proposed. On this basis, the critical issues of teaching in this chapter and the application of cases were investigated. This paper aims to provide some reference opinions for the teaching reform of engineering-related courses, and to provide reference for the construction of practical teaching based on improving students' learning interest and autonomous learning ability.
Zimbabwe’s 2018 harmonised elections An Assessment of Credibility
Authors: Rusinga Rekai
Published: March 2022

This paper assesses the credibility of Zimbabwe’s 2018 harmonised elections using an electoral cycle approach, arguing that the free expression of voters’ choice is a sine qua non for credibility. A study of Election Observer Missions’ reports (EOMs), media reports, and observation in relation to the 2018 elections, points to inadequate legal reforms; questionable independence and impartiality of the Elections Management Body (EMB); media bias; partisan distribution of aid; abuse of state resources; vote buying; partisan involvement of traditional leaders and of the military; intimidation; and suspicious results management. The paper concludes that the 2018 harmonised elections did not pass the credibility test owing to the cumulative effect of structural inadequacies. There is thus a need to comprehensively reform Zimbabwe’s electoral laws, improve elections administration, and ensure a level playing field for contestants by addressing the political environment within which elections are held.
Pendidikan Konservasi Melalui Budaya Patorani Berdasarkan Sudut Pandang Ilmu Geografi
Authors: Hasriyanti
Published: March 2022

Abstrak: Konservasi sumber daya alam hayati dan ekosistemnya berkaitan erat dengan tercapainya sasaran yakni menjamin terpeliharanya proses ekologis yang menunjang sistem penyangga kehidupan bagi kelangsungan pembangunan dan kesejahteraan manusia. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif dengan pendekatan etnografi. Pengumpulan data melalui observasi, wawancara dan tinjauan literatur dan dokumen. Data dianalisis melalui proses reduksi data, display, dan verifikasi data. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa bentuk konservasi nelayan patorani yakni bentuk konservasi melalui pengetahuan, konservasi melalui alat tangkap, konservasi melalui teknik penangkapan, konservasi melalui ritual keagamaan dan kepercayaan, dan konservasi melalui kasipalli (pantangan). Nelayan patorani tidak lagi sepenuhnya dikontrol oleh lingkungan, tetapi mereka berperan besar menentukan bentuk kegiatan di lingkungan laut (geographical possibilism and probabilism) yang kemudia dikenal dengan pendekatan ekologi (ecological approach). Pendekatan tersebut tepat dalam mengkaji tentang konservasi sumberdaya perikanan di Kecamatan Galesong.

Kata kunci: pendidikan konservasi, budaya patorani, sudut pandang geografi

Abstract: Conservation of natural resources and ecosystems are closely related with the achievement of the target is to ensure the preservation ecological processes which support life support systems for sustainable development and human well-being. This study used descriptive qualitative method with an ethnographic approach. The collection of data are observation, interviews and review of the literature as well as documents. Data were analyzed through the process of data reduction, data display, and data verification. Results of the study showed that the form of conservation fishing patorani namely the nature conservation through knowledge, through the conservation of fishing gear, conservation through fishing techniques, conservation through religious rituals and beliefs, and conservation through kasipalli (abstinence). Fishermen patorani no longer fully controlled by the environment, but they play a major role determining the shape of activities in the marine environment (geographical possibilism and probabilism) later known as the ecological approach (ecological approach). The approach was right in assessing conservation fishery resources in District Galesong.

Keywords: education of conservation, patorani’s culture, viewpoint geography
The synergistic anticancer effects of apatinib combined with PD-L1 inhibitor on breast cancer
Authors: Han Danyang , Hu Hongxia , Li Jing , Liu Zhiwei , Li Xinyang , Wang Ziming , Chang Yongchao , Wang Xinshuai
Published: March 2022

Purpose: Apatinib have potential anti-angiogenic and anti-tumor activities in breast cancer. PD-L1 inhibitor also has a good effect on breast cancer . In this study we aimed to discuss the synergistic effect of apatinib combined with PD-L1 inhibitor and explore its mechanisms in breast cancer. Method: We investigated the synergistic effects of apatinib and PD-L1 inhibitor on breast cancer in vitro and in vivo. MTT assay, Wound-healing, and transwell invasion assays were used to determine the effects of apatinib and PD-L1 inhibitor on cell proliferation, migration, and invasion of MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells in vitro. Western blotting was performed to assess the expression of Erk, p-Erk, NF-κB and slug. In vivo, xenograft model were established to test the effect of single drug or the combined therapy in the nude mice.Results: The results indicated that apatinib and PD-L1 inhibitor significantly inhibit proliferation, migration and invasion of MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells. The combined treatment showed synergistic anticancer activities. Moreover, apatinib and PD-L1 inhibitor significantly downregulated the expression of p-Erk, NF-κB and slug in breast cancer cells. Conclusion: Apatinib and PD-L1 inhibitor show synergistic effects both in vitro and in vivo,which may provide a more effective treatment option for breast cancer patients.
Disparities in Place of Death for Patients with Primary Brain Tumors and Brain Metastases in the United States
Authors: Shenker Rachel , McLaughlin Mary Elizabeth , Chino Fumiko , Chino Junzo
Published: March 2022

Purpose
Patients with primary or metastatic brain tumors often require intensive end-of-life care, for which place of death may serve as a quality metric. Death at home or hospice are considered a more ‘ideal’ location. Comprehensive information on place of death of people with brain tumors is lacking.
Methods
Using CDC Wonder Database data, those who died in the U.S. from a solid cancer from 2003 to 2016 were included and place of death for those with primary brain, brain metastases, and solid non-brain tumors were compared. Multivariate logistic regression tested for disparities in place of death.
Results
By 2016, 51.1% of patients with primary brain tumors and 45.2% with brain metastases died at home. 15.9% of patients with primary brain tumors and 23.6% with brain metastases died in the hospital. Black patients were least likely to die at home or hospice. For patients with primary brain tumors, being married (OR = 2.25 (95%CI 2.16–2.34), p < 0.01) and having an advanced degree (OR = 1.204 (95%CI 1.15–1.26), p < 0.01) increased odds of home/hospice death; older age (OR = 0.50 (95%CI 0.46–0.54), p < 0.01) decreased odds for home/hospice death. For patients with brain metastases, being married (OR = 2.19 (95%CI 2.11–2.26), p < 0.01) increased odds of home/hospice death and male sex (OR = 0.87 (095%CI .85–0.89), p < 0.01) and older age (OR = 0.59 (95%CI 0.47–0.75), p < 0.01) decreased odds of home/hospice death.
Conclusion
Although the trends are improving, disparities exist in place of death in the brain tumor population. Focused interventions are indicated to increase the utilization of hospice in those with metastatic cancer, under-represented minority groups, and the elderly population.
Comparison of the accuracy of three methods measured the length of the right main stem bronchus by chest computed tomography as a guide to the use of right sided double-lumen tube
Authors: Liu Meiqi , Ma Zhongfeng , Zhao Li , Qi Xiaohang , yu Yang , Liang Shujuan , Yang Xiaochun , Liu Zhuo
Published: March 2022

Background
The variation of right main stem bronchus leads to the orifice of the right upper lobe bronchus may be obstructed or increase the incidence of malposition intraoperatively when the right sided double-lumen tube is used. Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare the accuracy of three methods measured the length of the right main stem bronchus via chest computed tomography as a guide to the use of right sided double-lumen tube.
Methods
In this study, 168 adult patients undergoing left sided thoracic surgery were included. All these patients were allocated to carina-proximal (C-P) group, carina-distal (C-D) group and carina-carina (C-C) group. The position of endobronchial cuff observed via Fiberoptic bronchoscopy after successful initial placement and after turning the patients to the lateral decubitus position, as well as the incidence of malposition of right sided double-lumen tube intraoperative were recorded to assess the accuracy of three methods in predicting the position of right sided double-lumen tube.
Results
The distance between the carina to the proximal margin of the right upper lobe orifice, carina to the distal margin of the right upper lobe orifice and carina to the first right interlobar carina of the right upper lobe orifice were 17.2 ± 2.3mm, 25.4 ± 3.7mm and 28.5 ± 3.1mm (P < 0.05). In the C-D group, the number of endobronchial cuffs seen to be herniating out of the carina, the number of bronchoscopies during initial placement and on the lateral position, the number of total malposition intraoperative and the number of reposition manoeuvres intraoperative were significantly less than the C-P group or the C-C group (P < 0.05)
Conclusions
The length of the right main stem bronchus measured by the carina to distal margin of right upper lobe orifice method was more accurate than the other two methods in guiding the use of right sided double-lumen tube.
Clinical trials registration number:
Clinical Trials. gov. no. NCT04127903. Registered at https://register.clinicaltrials.gov on 16/10/2019.
Higher leukocyte count is associated with lower presence of carotid lipid-rich necrotic core: a sub-study in the Plaque At RISK (PARISK) study
Authors: Velzen Twan J. van , Stolp Jeffrey , Dam-Nolen Dianne H.K. van , Kassem Mohamed , Hendrikse Jeroen , Kooi Eline (M. E.) , Bos Daniel , Nederkoorn Paul J.
Published: March 2022

Background Increasing evidence suggests that inflammation inside the vessel wall has a prominent role in atherosclerosis. In particular in carotid atherosclerosis, vulnerable plaque characteristics are strongly linked to an increased stroke risk. An association between leukocytes and plaque characteristics has not been investigated before and could help with gaining knowledge of inflammation in plaque vulnerability, which could contribute to a new target for intervention. In this study, we investigated the association of leukocyte count with carotid vulnerable plaque characteristics.Methods All patients from the Plaque At RISK (PARISK) study whom had complete data on leukocyte count and CTA- and MRI-based vulnerable plaque characteristics, were included. Univariable logistic regression was used to detect associations of leukocyte count with the separate vulnerable plaque characteristics (intra-plaque haemorrhage (IPH), lipid-rich-necrotic core (LRNC), thin or ruptured fibrous cap (TRFC, plaque ulceration and plaque calcifications). Subsequently, other known risk factors for stroke were included as covariates in a multivariable logistic regression model. Results 161 patients were eligible for inclusion in this study. Forty six (28.6%) of these patients were female with a mean age of 70 [IQR 64-74]. An association was found between higher leukocyte count and lower prevalence of LRNC (OR 0.818 (95% CI 0.687-0.975), while adjusting for covariates. No associations were found between leucocyte count and presence of IPH, TRFC, plaque ulceration or calcifications. Conclusions Leukocyte count is inversely associated with presence of LRNC in the atherosclerotic carotid plaque in patients with a recently symptomatic carotid stenosis. The exact role of leukocytes and inflammation in plaque vulnerability deserves further attention.
Intronic NEFH variant is associated with reduced risk for sporadic ALS and later age of disease onset
Authors: Theunissen Frances , Anderton Ryan S , Mastaglia Frank L , James Ian , Bedlack Richard , Akkari P. Anthony
Published: March 2022

Neurofilament heavy (NEFH) is one of the critical proteins required for the formation of the neuronal cytoskeleton and polymorphisms in NEFH are reported as a rare cause of sporadic ALS (sALS). In the current study, a candidate tetranucleotide (TTTA) repeat variant in NEFH was selected using an in-silico SSV evaluation algorithm and investigated in two cohorts of North American sALS patients, both separately and combined (Duke cohort n = 138, Coriell cohort n = 333; combined cohort n = 471), compared to a group of healthy controls from the Coriell Institute biobank (n = 496). Stratification according to site of disease onset revealed that the 9 TTTA allele was associated with a 2x reduced risk specifically confined to spinal-onset sALS patients in the Duke cohort (p = 0.001). Furthermore, carriage of the 10 TTTA allele was associated with a 2.7 year later age of disease onset in the larger combined sALS cohort (p = 0.02). These results suggest that the 9 and 10 TTTA motif length may have a protective advantage for potentially lowering the risk of sALS and delaying the age of disease onset, however these results need to be replicated in larger multicenter and multi-ethnic cohorts.
Comparison of Botulinum Toxin (BoNT) Injection and Lateral Internal Sphincterotomy (redo-LIS) for Recurrent Anal Fissure Treatment
Authors: Alyanak Ahmet , Gülen Merter , Ege Bahadır
Published: March 2022

Today’s gold standard for treating chronic anal fissure is the Lateral Internal Sphincterotomy (LIS). Botulinum Toxin (BoNT) injection is, on the other hand, an alternative treatment for patients who do not want to have surgical treatment, patients undergoing chemotherapy, patients of high risk for surgery, and those who have the risk of anal incontinence (e.g. elderly, past anorectal surgery, vaginal multiple births, etc.). The objective of this work is to compare the effectiveness of BoNT and redo-LIS for treatment of post-LIS recurrent chronic anal fissure, and reveal differences if any.PURPOSE : This study aims to compare the success rates of redo-LIS and BoNT injection for treating post-LIS recurrent anal fissure.METHODS :Prospectively prepared standard forms were evaluated retrospectively. Nineteen patients who received LIS treatment and then redo-LIS or BoNT injection due to recurrence in the follow-up were included in this study as they met the criteria for doing so. And their data were reviewed retrospectively. Their data on age, sex, healing duration, and anal incontinence scores and pain (VAS score) score as well. RESULTS : During the 6-month post-surgery follow-up period, there was statistically significant difference (p<0.01) between groups by pain. No deterioration in the incontinence scores of patients in the group during the 6-month post-surgery period.CONCLUSION :This study demonstrates that redo lateral internal sphincterotomy (LIS) is a reliable method for patients who received LIS but developed recurrent chronic anal fissure, and achieves successful results in terms of recurrence and relief of pain.
Multielectrode Balloon-type Dielectric Elastomer Actuator for 3-Degrees-of-Freedom Lens Actuation
Authors: Yoshimoto Shunsuke , Mitsubayashi Hiroki , Ikeda Sei , Yamamoto Akio
Published: March 2022

The use of dielectric elastomer actuators (DEA) in the development of compact and flexible tunable lens systems for microscopic imaging applications is appealing. However, there are still challenges with imaging system functionality and fabrication process easiness. In this paper, we proposed a multielectrode balloon-type DEA which is capable of tuning both the focus and optical axis of a lens system using 3-degrees-of-freedom movement of the DEA. We first investigated the DEA’s fundamental characteristics and found that effective microscale tangential and axial displacements were obtained up to approximately 10 Hz, and the displacements increased with applied voltage and air pressure. Assuming microscopic imaging application scenarios, we then conducted two-dimensional tracking and focus adjustment tests with a DEA-driven lens system. The result suggested that the position of the optical axis was successfully controlled using the captured image, and target images at different distances were successfully focused and defocused by the axial movement of the DEA.
Real-World experience of interictal burden and treatment in migraine: a qualitative interview study
Authors: Lo Siu Hing , Gallop Katy , Smith Timothy , Powell Lauren , Johnston Karissa , Hubig Lena Teresa , Williams Emma , Coric Vladimir , Harris Linda , L'Italien Gilbert , Lloyd Andrew J.
Published: March 2022

Background: The debilitating nature of migraine attacks is widely established; however, less is known about how the interictal burden (i.e., how patients are affected in-between migraine episodes) of migraine impacts on patients’ health-related quality of life (HRQL). Acute and preventive treatments may lift the burden of the disease, but they often have unwanted side effects and limited effectiveness. The objective of this study was to understand the interictal burden of migraines, from the patient perspective, and to explore patient experience with migraine treatments. Methods: Participants (n=35) with a self-reported diagnosis of migraine were recruited in the US, UK and Canada, including a subgroup of patients who had taken calcitonin gene-related peptide monoclonal antibody (CGRP mAb) treatment for ≥3 months. Participants completed a background questionnaire, followed by a semi-structured interview via telephone or video call. The interviews explored patients’ migraine symptoms, perception of interictal burden and treatment experience. The interview transcripts were analysed using thematic analysis.Results: The most reported migraine symptom was migraine pain, followed by aura, sensory sensitivity and nausea. Most participants reported interictal impact on HRQL, lifestyle changes they made to avoid triggers or in anticipation of an attack, impacts on work, career, daily activities and relationships. Emotional impacts were reported by all participants, including anger, depression, anxiety and hopelessness. Many participants who took preventive treatments reported improvements in HRQL and functioning but still experienced breakthrough attacks. Among patients who took CGRP mAbs, participants noted varying consistency of treatment effectiveness between treatment administrations.Conclusion: This study detailed the additional HRQL impact of migraine in-between migraine attacks and described the unmet need for effective treatment options to prevent and mitigate migraine attacks.Trial registration: Not applicable
The relationship between pan-immune-inflammation value and survival outcomes in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma treated with nivolumab in the second line and beyond: A Turkish Oncology Group Kidney Cancer Consortium (TKCC) study
Authors: Ürün Yüksel , Yekedüz Emre , Tural Deniz , Ertürk İsmail , Karakaya Serdar , Erol Cihan , Ercelep Özlem , Arslan Çağatay , Sever Özlem Nuray , Kılıçkap Saadettin , Öztaş Nihan Şentürk , Küçükarda Ahmet , Can Orçun , Öksüzoğlu Berna , Şendur Mehmet Ali , Karadurmuş Nuri
Published: March 2022

Background
Pan-immune-inflammation value (PIV) is an easily accessible immune marker based on peripheral blood to estimate prognosis in patients with cancer. This study evaluates the prognostic value of PIV in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) treated with nivolumab.
Methods
In this retrospective cohort study, patients with mRCC treated with nivolumab in the second line and beyond were selected from the Turkish Oncology Group Kidney Cancer Consortium (TKCC) database. PIV was calculated by using the following formula: neutrophil (103/mm3) x monocyte (103/mm3) x platelet (103/mm3) / lymphocyte (103/mm3).
Results
A total of 152 patients with mRCC were included in this study. According to cut-off value for PIV, 77 (50.7%) and 75 (49.3%) patients fell into PIV-low (\(\le\)372) and PIV-high (>372) groups, respectively. In multivariate analysis, PIV-high (HR:1.64, 95% CI: 1.04–2.58, p = 0.033 for overall survival (OS); HR:1.55, 95% CI: 1.02–2.38, p = 0.042 for progression-free survival (PFS)) was independent risk factor for OS and PFS after adjusting for confounding variables such as performance score, the International mRCC Database Consortium (IMDC) risk score, and liver metastasis.
Conclusion
This study established that pre-treatment PIV might be a prognostic biomarker in patients with mRCC treated with nivolumab in the second line and beyond.
Delayed acute onset of widespread macular lesions following COVID-19 booster vaccine case report
Authors: Kaszycki Margaret , Kaszycki Grazyna , Notaro William
Published: March 2022

Cutaneous reactions in response to the COVID-19 vaccination have even deemed the term “COVID-arm” which is described as a local localized erythematous rash surrounding the COVID-19 injection site within 72 hours. Other less common cutaneous reactions to the COVID-19 vaccinations include morbilliform, erythema multiforme, leukocytoclastic vasculitis, lupus and immune thrombocytopenic reactions are more rarely reported. In this report we discuss a case report of a man in his 50’s who experienced an acute onset of pruritic macular lesions four weeks post Pfizer’s COVID-19 booster vaccine. Patient denied fevers, chills, malaise, or anorexia. Patients past medical history is non-contributory apart from seasonal allergic rhinitis treated with nasal steroids. No new medications or treatments were started within the past three years. Patient also denies any immediate cutaneous reactions following the first two doses of the Pfizer COVID-19 vaccine. This patient has no prior history of hypersensitivity reactions to other vaccines or medications. Physical examination demonstrated well demarcated circinate erythematous lesions scattered on the trunk and extremities ranging in size from 1 – 5cm. The patient was treated with topical triamcinolone cream 0.5% twice daily and oral antihistamine. Significant improvement of the rash was observed within three days with complete resolution seen in one month. Over the past year, there has been growing collections of evidence depicting cutaneous reactions in response to not only COVID-19 but also the COVID-19 vaccine. However it is important to recognize that various cutaneous reactions can occur from the COVID-19 vaccine, at various time periods, and it is not a contraindication for further vaccinations as many rashes resolve with no long-lasting effects.
Trends in Hysteroscopic Endometrial Sampling in Women 70 Years and Older
Authors: Bar-On Shikma , Solomon Neta , Rattan Gilad , Ben-David Alon , Grisaru Dan
Published: March 2022

Background: Women 70 years of age or older with suspected endometrial pathologies would especially benefit from office hysteroscopy due to the risks of anesthesia and high rates of clinically significant findings in this age group. However, performing office hysteroscopy in those older patients can be technically challenging, and patient cooperation, which is essential for the success of the office procedure, may be compromised in this age group. The objective of the present study was to characterize the clinical and procedural features of office and operating-room hysteroscopy in women 70 years of age or older.Methods: This was a retrospective chart analysis of all women aged 70 years and older who underwent a hysteroscopy procedure in a single tertiary-care medical center between March 2011 and August 2018. We compared the clinical and procedural characteristics of patients who underwent hysteroscopy in our outpatient clinic to those who underwent hysteroscopy under anesthesia in the operating room. Primary outcomes included procedure success and histopathological findings. Secondary outcomes included short-term complications of the procedure. Results: The data of 577 patients were analyzed. The median age at the time of the procedure was 76 years. 225 office hysteroscopy procedures and 405 operating room procedures were included. Of the 236 patients with postmenopausal bleeding (PMB), 73 (30.9%) were diagnosed with having malignancy compared to 25/341 (7.3%) patients with no PMB (p < .001, odds ratio (OR) = 5.66; confidence interval (CI) 3.46-9.26). The office procedure was successful in 194 (87%) patients. Fifty-three patients required a second hysteroscopy, which revealed 12 cases of premalignant or malignant lesions. The volume of procedures in the office increased 16 times during the study period, and the diagnostic yield of new abnormal findings by means of the procedure in the office setting has increased over time. Operating room hysteroscopy had a higher rate of complications compared to office hysteroscopy, including mortalities related to the procedure.Conclusions: Office hysteroscopy for women over the age of 70 is safe, feasible, and reliable for diagnosis of endometrial malignancy. Failed hysteroscopy and a moderate-to-high index of suspicion for malignancy indicates the need for a repeat hysteroscopy.
Clinicohistopathological Correlation in Leprosy Lesions: Study in a Tertiary Care Institute in Chhattisgarh
Authors: Dambhare Poonam Tulshiram , Gupta Ashish Kumar , Hussain Nighat , Ganguly Satyaki
Published: March 2022

Background:  Leprosy is a chronic granulomatous infectious disease, caused by Mycobacterium leprae. Early diagnosis is important to prevent morbidity caused by leprosy. However, accurate clinical or histopathological diagnosis is challenging especially in early skin lesions and in mid-borderline leprosy which shows overlapping features. Hence clinicohistopathological correlation is of utmost importance for accurate diagnosis. This study was conducted to evaluate the predominant subtype of leprosy in patients visiting for treatment in a tertiary care hospital, Chhattisgarh during the post-elimination phase in India.

Methods: A retrospective study of 49 skin biopsies received from June 2019 to October 2020 was conducted in the Department of Pathology and Lab Medicine, AIIMS Raipur. Clinically suspected cases, outside diagnosed cases, and new lesions in treated cases of leprosy were included in this study. Clinical diagnosis was correlated with histopathological examination.

Results: Among 49 skin biopsies, 34 cases were diagnosed as leprosy on histopathological examination. There was no evidence of leprosy in the remaining 15 cases. The most common type was borderline tuberculoid (35.3%), followed by Erythema nodosum leprosum (20.6%). Three cases were associated with type 1 lepra reaction. Among 34 confirmed cases of leprosy, 17(50.0%) cases were positive for acid-fast bacilli by Fite Faraco stain on histological sections. Maximum cases belonged to the age group of 31-40 years and the male to female ratio was 5.8:1.

Conclusion: Histopathological examination of skin lesion along with Fite Faraco stain and clinical correlation is equally efficient for categorization and adequate treatment to achieve leprosy free world.
Update of intensity-duration-frequency (IDF) curves under climate change: a review
Authors: Kourtis Ioannis M. , Tsihrintzis Vassilios A.
Published: March 2022

Land use and land cover changes, population growth, urban sprawl and climate change are expected to augment the pressure on natural environment and on existing infrastructure. As a result, update of intensity-duration-frequency (IDF) curves considering climate change is essential for adaptation of water-related structures to climate change. The present work reviews the main challenges regarding the update of IDF curves considering climate change. A wide literature search was conducted in scientific databases. More than 100 articles published between 2001 and 2021 have been reviewed and are summarized and discussed. The main aims of the present work were to: (i) identify the state-of-the-art scientific approaches regarding IDF curve update under climate change projections; (ii) assess whether or not these approaches incorporate uncertainty (i.e., uncertainty related to climate models, statistical downscaling techniques, temporal resolution of data, theoretical distribution selection etc.); and (iii) propose general guidelines for updating IDF curves based on climate projections. First, the motivation is presented that makes IDF curve renewal a global issue. Second, current practices are described and reviewed and the main impacts of climate change on short precipitation extremes around the world are briefly discussed. Finally, limitations and future research needs are discussed.
Investigation of effective parameters on brackish water desalination by flow-electrode capacitive deionization
Authors: Dehghan Khadijeh , Mirbagheri Seyed Ahmad , Alam Mahdi
Published: March 2022

Population growth and increasing global demand for freshwater have raised a serious challenge for the depleting sources of freshwater in the 21st century. Desalination technologies can be a reliable technique for providing freshwater. Capacitive deionization is one of the innovative desalination methods that has received increasing interest. Flow-electrode capacitive deionization (FCDI) (a new architecture of capacitive deionization) is one of the efficient, cost-effective, and environmentally friendly desalination methods for freshwater production. In this experimental research, the performance of an FCDI system was investigated and the influence of important parameters such as flow rate of flow-electrodes, electrolyte salt concentration of flow-electrodes, and initial feed water concentration will be assessed on the efficiency of desalination operation. In this study, the flow-electrodes operated in short-circuited closed-cycle operation (SCC) mode, and also the feed water operated similarly to the flow electrodes in closed cycle. Moreover, in all the experiments, the salt adsorption capacity (SAC) and salt removal efficiency (SRE) was calculated. Herein, by optimizing the above-mentioned parameters, the salt removal efficiency of 83% and a SAC value of 29.12 mg/gdry carbon were achieved in 5 hours.
The Emerging Role of EMT-related lncRNAs in Therapy Resistance
and their Applications as Biomarkers
Authors: kichi Zahra Abedi , Soltani Mona , Rezaei Mina , Shirvani-Farsani Zeinab , Rojhannezhad Mahbubeh
Published: March 2022

Cancer is the world's second-largest cause of death. The most common cancer
treatments are surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy. Drug resistance, epithelial--
to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and metastasis are pressing issues in cancer therapy today.
Increasing evidence showed that drug resistance and EMT are co-related with each
other. Indeed, drug-resistant cancer cells possess enhanced EMT and invasive ability. Recent
research has demonstrated that lncRNAs (long non-coding RNAs) are non-coding
transcripts which play an important role in the regulation of EMT, metastasis, and drug
resistance in different cancers. However, the relationships among lncRNAs, EMT, and
drug resistance are still unclear. These effects could be exerted via several signaling pathways,
such as TGF-β, PI3K-AKT, and Wnt/β-catenin. Identifying the crucial regulatory
roles of lncRNAs in these pathways and processes leads to the development of novel targeted
therapies. We review the key aspects of lncRNAs associated with EMT and therapy
resistance. We focus on the crosstalk between lncRNAs and molecular signaling pathways
affecting EMT and drug resistance. Moreover, each of the mentioned lncRNAs
could be used as a potential diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic therapy resistancefor
cancer. However, the investigation of lncRNAs for clinical applications still has several
challenges.
Essential Principles and Recent Progress in the Development of TSPO
PET Ligands for Neuroinflammation Imaging
Authors: Viviano Monica , Barresi Elisabetta , Siméon Fabrice G. , Costa Barbara , Taliani Sabrina , Da Settimo Federico , Pike Victor W. , Castellano Sabrina
Published: March 2022

The translocator protein 18kDa (TSPO) is expressed in the outer mitochondrial membrane and is implicated in several functions, including cholesterol transport and stereoidogenesis. Under normal physiological conditions, TSPO is present in very low concentrations in the human brain but is markedly upregulated in response to brain injury and inflammation. This upregulation is strongly associated with activated microglia. Therefore, TSPO is particulary suited for assessing active gliosis associated with brain lesions following injury or disease.
For over three decades, TSPO has been studied as a biomarker. Numerous radioligands for positron emission tomography (PET) that target TSPO have been developed for imaging inflammatory progression in the brain. Although [¹¹C]PK11195, the prototypical first-generation PET radioligand, is still widely used for in vivo studies, mainly now as its single more potent R-enantiomer, it has severe limitations, including low sensitivity and poor amenability to quantification. Second-generation radioligands are characterized by higher TSPO specific signals but suffer from other drawbacks, such as sensitivity to the TSPO single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs6971. Therefore, their applications in human studies have a burden of needing to genotype subjects. Consequently, recent efforts are focused on developing improved radioligands that combine the optimal features of the second-generation with the ability to overcome the differences in binding affinities across the population. This review presents essential principles in the design and development of TSPO PET ligands and discusses prominent examples among the main chemotypes.
Relationship between Gut Microbiota and Bone Health
Authors: Lu Hai , You Ke , Yang Lianjun , Shen Jun , Liu Bin , Guo Yuanqing , Chen Tao , Li Guowei
Published: March 2022

Gut Microbiota (GM) are microorganisms that live in the host gastrointestinal tract, and their abundance varies throughout the host’s life. With the development of sequencing technology, the role of GM in various diseases has been increasingly elucidated. Unlike earlier studies on orthopedic diseases, this review elucidates the correlation between GM health and bone health and discusses the potential mechanism of GM effects on host metabolism, inflammation, and ability to induce or aggravate some common orthopedic diseases, such as osteoarthritis, osteoporosis, rheumatoid arthritis, etc. Finally, the prospective methods of GM manipulation and evaluation of potential GM-targeting strategies in the diagnosis and treatment of orthopedic diseases are reviewed.
Synthesis, Characterization, Antibiofilm and Anticancer Activity of New
Ruthenium Complexes with 2,2'-bipyridine-4,4'-dicarboxamide
Authors: Kilincarslan Sidika Demet , Sahin Cigdem , Mutlu Dogukan , Nasirli Farid , Arslan Sevki , Dogan Nazime Mercan
Published: March 2022

New ruthenium complexes bearing bipyridine ligands with different substituents (propyl,
hexyl, isobutyl, and benzyl) were synthesized and characterized by MS, NMR, FTIR, and UV/Visible
spectroscopy. Moreover, their cytotoxic, anti-carcinogenic, and anti-biofilm activities were evaluated.
The electrochemical properties of the complexes have been investigated by cyclic voltammetry. The
HOMO and LUMO energy levels of RuL1-RuL4 were found to be (-5.45 eV)-(-5.46 eV) and (-2.98
eV)-(-3.01 eV), respectively. Cytotoxic activities of ruthenium complexes were investigated in Caco-2,
HepG2, and HEK293 cells. It was found that RuL3 showed a cytotoxic effect on cancer cells without
affecting non-cancerous cells at applied doses. The presence of the benzyl group may increase the
cytotoxic effect of RuL3 compared to other derivatives that contain the alkyl group. The apoptotic effect
of the RuL3 derivative was determined by using Arthur image-based cytometer. It found that RuL3
induced apoptosis in Caco-2 (5-fold) and HepG2 (2-fold) cancer cells, respectively. All ruthenium
complexes inhibited Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213 biofilm, but RuL3 had a more pronounced
effect. Moreover, RuL3 had biofilm inhibition and biofilm degradation effect, while RuL1 and RuL4
demonstrated only biofilm inhibition. The fluorescent microscopy analysis confirmed the antibiofilm
effect of ruthenium complexes. All of these results clearly showed that RuL3 showed cytotoxic and
apoptotic effects on cancer cells.
EGFR Inhibitor CL-387785 Suppresses the Progression of Lung
Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Wang Jiying , Cai Yong , Sheng Zhaoying , Dong Zhiyi
Published: March 2022

Objective:

This study aimed to explore the influence of the irreversible EGFR inhibitor CL-387785 on invasion, metastasis, and radiation sensitization of non-small cell lung cancer cells.

Methods:

The proliferation inhibitory rate at different time points was detected by MTT assay. The apoptosis of H1975 cells treated with CL-387785 was detected using flow cytometry. The invasion and migration of H1975 cells treated with CL-387785 were determined by Transwell assay and wound healing assay. The survival fraction (SF) of H1975 cells cultured with CL-387785 under X-ray (0, 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 Gy) was detected by cloning formation experiment, and the sensitization ratio (SER) was calculated by clicking the multi-target model to fit the cell survival curve.

Results:

CL-387785 restrained H1975 cell proliferation in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. CL-387785 promoted H1975 cell apoptosis and reduced cell migration distance and the number of transmembrane cells. The SF treated by different concentrations of CL-387785 (10, 25, 50, and 100 nM) was all below 0 nM. The radiation SER of CL-387785 (10, 25, 50 and 100 nM) were 1.17, 1.39, 2.88, and 3.64, respectively.

Conclusion:

The invasion and metastasis of H1975 cells were restrained by irreversible EGFR inhibitor CL-387785. CL-387785 also exhibited the effect of radiotherapy sensitization.