bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Social media mindsets: A new approach to understanding social media use & psychological well-being
Authors: Lee Angela Yuson , Hancock Jeffrey
Published: February 2023

Social media mindsets are the core beliefs that orient individuals’ expectations, behaviors, attributions and goals about social media’s role in their lives. In four survey studies (N = 2,179), we show people hold distinct mindsets about the amount of agency they have over their social media use (“in control” vs. “out of control”) and the valence of its effects (“enhancing” vs. “harmful”) that are meaningfully related to psychological well-being. We develop and apply the Social Media Mindsets scale, revealing that agentic, positive mindsets are associated with better well-being and low-agency, negative mindsets are associated with worse well-being (Studies 1, 2a, and 2b). Notably, these mindsets explained more variance in relational well-being and psychological distress than other measures (Study 3), and were related to differences in how people used social media and interpreted the time they spent on it (Studies 3-4). Our findings introduce a novel potential explanation for heterogeneous social media effects on well-being.
Deontic priority in the lexicalization of impossibility modals
Authors: Uegaki Wataru , Mucha Anne , Imel Nathaniel , Steinert-Threlkeld Shane
Published: February 2023

This paper presents a new cross-linguistic generalization in the domain of modality and explores its explanation in terms of communicative efficiency. Based on original data elicitation, we observe that, if a language lexicalizes any impossibilities, then it lexicalizes deontic impossibility. Our computational modeling suggests that this priority for deontic flavor is accounted for under the communicative efficiency model if a bias for deontic flavor is included in terms of utility values. Our results contribute to the empirical landscape of modal semantic typology and the growing literature on the role of bias in the communicative efficiency analysis for cross-linguistic lexicalization patterns
Absolute pitch judgments of familiar melodies generalize across timbre and octave
Authors: Van Hedger Stephen Charles , Bongiovanni Noah , Heald Shannon , Nusbaum Howard
Published: February 2023

Most listeners can determine when a familiar recording of music has been shifted in musical key by as little as one semitone (e.g., from B to C major). However, it is unclear how this form of pitch memory relates to absolute pitch (AP) representations, which are based on pitch chroma. This is because listeners could use spectral cues from the familiar instrumentation of the original recordings or strategies based on pitch height (e.g., relying on a feeling that an incorrect recording sounds “too high” or “too low”) to determine when a familiar recording has been shifted in pitch. Neither of these strategies would require the kind of understanding of pitch chroma or musical key associated with AP. The present experiments thus assessed whether listeners could make accurate absolute pitch judgments when listening to novel renditions of these familiar melodies, differing from the iconic recording in complexity and timbre (Experiment 1) or timbre and octave (Experiment 2). These experiments eliminate the possibility of reliance on spectral cues and pitch height, respectively. Listeners in both experiments selected the correct-key version of the familiar melody at rates that were significantly above chance. These results fit within a growing body of research supporting the idea that most listeners, regardless of formal musical training, have robust representations of absolute pitch - based on pitch chroma - that generalize to novel listening situations. Implications for theories of auditory pitch memory are discussed.
Navigating the Social Environment: Linking Motivations, Impressions, and Behaviors Via Sampling Approach
Authors: Biella Marco , Hütter Mandy
Published: February 2023

Our current understanding of impression formation is based on experiments in which participants have no control over the information they receive. This limits the ecological realism of experimental situations upon which scientific claims are based. We present a research paradigm that gives participants control over the information search by allowing them to collect their own information samples. The present work investigates how people explore the social environment and how the sampled information informs the impressions that people form. Four experiments tested theoretically driven predictions related to information sampling patterns under interested and disinterested information search targeting the trustworthiness of several social targets. Under interested information search, we documented the early truncation of the sampling of social targets that showed untrustworthy behavior early on. Under disinterested information search, participants sampled the social targets more extensively and systematically, avoiding small sample biases. Our experiments further show that, once obtained, the sampled information accurately determines the final impression. Moreover, we document a direct link between the sampled information and subsequent behaviors consisting of trustworthiness predictions and choosing a partner with whom to play a trust game. By investigating the emergence of trustworthiness impressions by means of sampling, the present research informs two lines of research, the origins of trustworthiness and sampling accounts of judgment and decision-making.
Adopting the intentional stance interferes with social attention when interacting with a social robot
Authors: Marchesi Serena , Kompatsiari Kyveli , De Tommaso Davide , Wykowska Agnieszka
Published: February 2023

Joint attention is a pivotal mechanism of human social cognition. Traditionally, joint attention has been experimentally investigated by means of the gaze cueing task in screen-based settings. Recently, the gaze cueing task has been implemented in more naturalistic and interactive settings with the embodied iCub robot, allowing for the investigation of concurrent factors influencing joint attention. Previous studies found that a communicative gaze before the gaze cue (i.e., mutual or avoiding gaze with the participants) influenced the subsequent joint attention by eliciting the gaze-cueing effect only in the mutual gaze condition. In the present work, we first manipulated the attribution of the intentional stance toward the robot by letting participants share a familiar context. Subsequent to this shared experience, we integrated the gaze-cueing paradigm with the iCub robot, such that the robot cued participants’ attention after establishing either mutual or avoiding gaze with them. In contrast to previous studies where the adoption of the intentional stance was not manipulated, our current results show that when the robot was perceived as an intentional agent, a gaze-cueing effect was present for both mutual and avoiding gaze, thereby suggesting that participants might have interpreted both gaze conditions as intentional (and, thus as communicative signals).
What’s Next? Challenges of Teaching English in the Post-Covid-19 Pandemic in Kuwait
Authors: AlAjlan Munirah , Ani Marouj
Published: February 2023

The migration from the traditional teaching method to online learning has affected both learners and educators at all levels. In Kuwait, this switch is implemented during three semesters. In this paper, we examine the challenges that Teachers of the English Language face today in Kuwait Post COVID-19. After the temporary on-learning that lasted three semesters, the current study investigates the impact of English language skills on school learners. The survey of the current study consisted of a total of 58 English female government secondary school teachers. While other studies have focused on the challenges that learners faced during this pandemic, this study chiefly concentrates on government teachers. The significance of this paper is to provide remedial plans to respond better to emergencies. The main question of this study is ‘What are the challenges that governmental ESL teachers faced during the pandemic? And what are the remedial plans that could be implemented? To answer these questions, a mixed methodology is used to achieve the research goal in which data are collected through an open-ended questionnaire and by interviewing three randomly selected participants. Teachers’questionnaire (closed-ended) and semi-structured narrative interviews revealed that COVID-19 has a positive and negative impact on English language skills. The effects of online English language learning on secondary school students in Kuwait result in a poor level of proficiency that teachers would need to improve. There are numerous challenges facing English Language teachers in the traditional classroom and remedial plans are being implemented to fix the impact that the pandemic left on students’ language skills.
The Impact of Screen Time on Language Development among Preschool-Age Saudi Children
Authors: Alibrahim Rola Abdulaziz Abdullah
Published: February 2023

Young children are growing up in a new era of technology with increasing exposure to touchscreen devices. In this study, investigated whether exposure to screen time is associated withchildren’s early language development. Fifty caregivers of Saudi children aged 24-60 monthscompleted a media exposure questionnaire and language screening survey. Thirty percentneeded learning activities, while four percent had a language delay and needed furtherassessment. Data analysis revealed that spending more than two hours using a mobile devicepredict language delay (P = 0.034); children of working mothers had low language scorescompared to children of housewives (P = 0.005); children who were watching entertainmentvideos on YouTube had lower language scores than children who watched educational videos(P = 0.049). Thus, the evidence suggests screen time quantity and quality correlate withlanguage development among young Saudi children.
Social Networks and Language Applications, Other Means of Learning? Students of English at Tlemcen University
Authors: DENDANE Mohamed El Amine , DENDANE Zoubir
Published: February 2023

In recent times, at the turn of the 21st century, there have been significant developments in the use of technological advances for teaching languages. Following the use of traditional language laboratories, and then the emergence of computer-assisted forms of language teaching, language-oriented social networks such as YouTube and Facebook and other types of language applications have been used for that purpose, particularly in teaching English. Learners’ attitudes are aroused in significantly different ways compared to feelings about traditional forms of language teaching, including learner-centered approaches. One aim of this paper is to elicit learners’ interest in Internet use and to consider the degree to which social media and language applications enhance in-class formal learning. This study brings forth learners’ digital experience in the use of social media and we argue that it will raise awareness as to the importance of these media in improving their language skills. We thus attempt to explore the extent to which language learners benefit from their out-of-class Internet use. A small-scale survey, based on an online questionnaire addressed to Algerian students of English at Tlemcen University, reveals increasing interest in using such applications and social networks outside the class and their positive attitudes towards English in virtual spaces, particularly when having the possibility of discussing with native speakers. The results also show that communicating with others allows them to share intercultural aspects and mutual understanding. Indeed, respondents’ positive attitudes towards mixed-culture conversation are attention-grabbing and significantly encouraging. However, it is believed that such informal, non-systematic methods of teaching/ learning a foreign language can only complement formal teaching in class with non-virtual teachers.
Educational Technology to Enhance EFL Learners’ Research Skills: The Case of Third- Year Students at Naama University Center, Algeria
Authors: BOUSSEBHA Nadjia
Published: February 2023

To cope with the spectacular progress of technology, university education in Algeria has placed a lot of emphasis on delivering instructions through the eLearning platform. This paper explores the usefulness of eLearning in improving the students’ learning experiences to undertake research projects. No empirical studies have been conducted on the efficacy of online teaching research methodologies in Algerian EFL contexts. The current research tries to show and an in-depth look at the efficacy of teaching the Research Techniques module online. It attempts to answer the question: To what extent has the e-Learning platform been effective in teaching/learning research methods to Algerian EFL students? To this aim, the researcher’s gleaning of data was from a questionnaire distributed to 86 third-year students of English in the department of foreign languages at Naama University Center and a semi-structured interview with three teachers from the same context. The findings reported that e-learning has influenced the educational process and positively affected students’ knowledge construction and reflexivity. It has also increased their personal and empirical skills to conduct research projects despite some challenging features. This research will be of broad interest to EFL teachers willing to use eLearning in their methodology courses besides improving their teaching. The reported acceptability of eLearning might be utilized to influence policy and counter the traditional teaching methods used in Algerian institutions. Furthermore, although the finding is not generalizable, it does include features that instructors in other contexts may find valuable.
Developing the Intercultural Competence of Algerian University Students through Virtual Intercultural Exchanges
Authors: Stambouli Manal. H. B. , SARNOU Hanane
Published: February 2023

Virtual milieus are becoming a setting for a great deal of intercultural contact. Learners engaged in virtual exchanges are likely to encounter users from different nationalities who bring with them their culturally-grounded behaviors, beliefs and expectations as to what is most appropriate for intercultural interactions. Against this background, learners need specific skills, attitudes and knowledge to establish working relationships and collaborate with distant partners, namely intercultural competence. The present paper explores the effectiveness and relevance of participating in virtual intercultural exchanges to develop Algerian University learners’ intercultural competence(or lack thereof). The particular significance of this study lies in shedding light on the importance of scaling up virtual intercultural exchanges to become an expected activity in Algerian Higher education. We opted for the quasi-experimental design as an appropriate research strategy for the present study. Data were gathered from attitudinal surveys administered to 38 students enrolled at the department of English language of Abou Bakr Belkaid University, Algeria. Participants were not selected randomly. They were grouped into two groups: a focus group entailing 19 students who participated in a telecollaborative partnership offered in the fall of 2020, and a control group of 19 students who were not involved in intercultural exchange programs. This initiative attempts to present some preliminary findings to show that virtual intercultural exchanges can assist Algerian learners in developing their intercultural competence under the guidance of their instructor.
International E-Tandems: A Tool for Increasing Student Motivation in the Foreign Language Classroom
Authors: Schug Daniel , Torea Thierry
Published: February 2023

This study presents findings from an online collaborative project involving students learning English at the University of Paris Nanterre (France) and students learning French at Cornell University (USA). Our main goal was to determine the impact of e-tandems on language learner motivation. During the COVID-19 pandemic, nearly all courses at these two institutions were offered online, a move that greatly complicated the use of interactive group activities. This change represented a major threat to learner motivation and the development of communication skills in the target language. To counteract these effects, language teachers from the two universities organized an online e-tandem program; pairs of students composed of one American learner of French and one French learner of English had three virtual meetings to complete activities relevant to their studies. During these meetings, they were to alternate between speaking English and French. Following each exchange, students completed journal entries about their experience using the target language. Results indicated that the e-tandem program was a positive experience for students, with many reporting higher levels of intended learning effort and being able to see themselves as competent language users. These findings highlight the didactic potential of virtual exchanges.
Negotiating Identity through Multimodal Meaning Making: Investigation of Investment, Imagination and Choice in a Virtual Saudi EFL Context
Authors: Alghamdi Noura A.
Published: February 2023

Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, educational institutions worldwide were forced to rely on online platforms, whereby teaching was remotely undertaken. Although these platforms were gradually replaced by or supported with traditional, face-to-face methods as the pandemic came under control, this reliance on online platforms had a deep impact on different aspects of education in general and language education in specific. Examination of learners’ engagement with literacy and the impact of learners’ experiences on their identity construction represent some of the growing research interests in language education. The present study adopts a qualitative case-study approach, using interview, artefact collection, student-authored reflections and observational fieldnotes. The study aims to explore the literacy practices and identity construction and negotiation that underlies how a first-year female undergraduate engages with individual and group presentations in a mixed-level, English as a foreign language (EFL) course at a Saudi university. The study pays special attention to how the learner constructs and negotiates her identity in relation to multimodal meaning making which helps her to move beyond the limitations imposed by weak linguistic skills to negotiate more powerful identity positions associated with her investment in the event and the imagined community she aspires to join. The findings highlight the need to reconsider how learners’ multimodal meaning making in language classes should be approached and assessed and how it can empower language learners and encourage them to adopt more powerful identity positions to sustain their language learning trajectories.
The Effects of Task-Induced Involvement Load on Incidental Second Language Vocabulary Acquisition through Reading
Authors: Alobaid Amal Omar
Published: February 2023

This dissertation intends to examine the effects of task-induced involvement load on the L2 incidental vocabulary acquisition through reading. Task-induced involvement load is operationalized through manipulating the components of need, search and evaluation to show the relevance of L2 incidental vocabulary acquisition. It will intend to do this by using three major variables: task-induced involvement load, initial vocabulary learning and medium-term vocabulary retention. The chapter starts by providing reasons for why incidental vocabulary acquisition through reading has been the focus of this study. The chapter then continues by summarizing how the existing literature helped shape the focus on the Involvement Load Hypothesis in the current study. Finally, a general overview of the structure of this dissertation will be given in the last section.
Effects of Critical Thinking Disposition on Foreign Language Proficiency in Foreign Language Learning: Evidence from China
Authors: Xu ling , Abdullah Tina , Liu Qian , Shahroom Nur ‘Ain Mohd
Published: February 2023

Critical thinking is among the variables that have recently become increasingly prominent in foreign language learning. However, there is a biased research focus on the role of CT skills, and empirical evidence on the relationships between CT disposition and foreign language learning is scant. This cross-sectional study aimed to bridge this gap by examining the effects of overall CT disposition as well as its sub-constructs (open-mindedness, perseverance, reflectiveness, inquisitiveness, and self-confidence) on foreign language proficiency. The study mainly discussed the research questions of how CT disposition was related to and to what extent it could predict learners’ foreign language proficiency. This research employed Pearson correlation analysis, regression analysis, and one-way ANOVA to analyze the data collected from a sample of 391 Chinese foreign language learners at Jiangxi Normal University and Zaozhuang University. The instrument adopted to assess the participants’ CT disposition was newly proposed in Chinese in the current study. The results demonstrated that both overall and sub-constructs of CT disposition were positively related to learners’ foreign language proficiency. Foreign language learners embracing different levels of CT disposition displayed significant differences in their foreign language proficiency. Except for perseverance, the other four dispositional traits (open-mindedness, reflectiveness, inquisitiveness, and self-confidence) toward CT were found to be significantly positive predictors of learners’ foreign language proficiency in the Chinese context. The positive impacts of CT disposition triggered in foreign language learning in the present research give an empirical grounding to the cultivation of foreign language learners’ CT dispositional factors to facilitate their foreign language development. Implications, limitations, and recommendations for future exploration and research were also discussed.
Copyright Breach: Notions, Aspects, and Keys
Authors: HAMIMED Nadia
Published: February 2023

This paper aims to re-examine the scientific notions linked to plagiarism, its aspects and origins, its occurrence in society, and ways of ascertaining it to enhance the alertness and consciousness of teachers and learners of plagiarism. The objective of information yielding is the detection and finding of data and strengthening the individual conditions. By itself, plagiarism and employing different evil ways are not well-matched with this objective and purpose. A good number of scholarly researchers consent that plagiarism is a grave breach of issuing moral principles. In the latest decennaries, the knowledge-based body is truly worried about the rapid increase of plagiarism. Despite being prevalent, plagiarism is not coherent with the values and ethics of knowledge. Currently, certain mass media announce alarming reports of plagiarism within research-based issuings, comprising information usage by renowned researchers. The occurrence scale of plagiarism has been divulged in diverse inquiries and grows dissimilar in different spheres, nations, instructive extents, and eras. Effective prevention by employing appropriate directives at a convenient time, the proper communications between instructors and learners, and working out practical strategies, for this purpose, are attainable methods of undertaking plagiarism.
Teacher-Based Courses Versus Internet-Driven Courses in EFL Milieux: A Contrastive Proposal
Authors: ZAGHAR El-Alia Wafaâ
Published: February 2023

In a world more advanced than ever, where the digital whiteboard classroom and electronic books are replacing the chalkboard classroom and printed textbooks of yesterday, the teacher seems to remain the source of knowledge who performs the noble task which calls for boosting the best in people to bring out their greatest fortes. This research espouses this belief and its basic significance is to show that a teacher imparting knowledge to a group of learners will remain an integral ingredient in formal teaching despite the unprecedented impact of technology on the sphere of education. The major research question in this work intends to contrast two different English as foreign language (EFL) learning situations in Licence/ Master/ Doctorate (LMD) environment: one based on the internet and the other on a learning assisted by a teacher. This digest looks at the implications of both learning models and pores over the changes that teachers may encounter within their classes as digital technology penetrates every area of the nation’s life. To comprehensively examine the predicted effects of both learning cases, the data have been amassed both quantitatively and qualitatively through a triangular approach using a questionnaire administered to students, interviews conducted with learners, classroom observation procedures, and evaluation of the learners’ exams. Based on the analysis of the gathered information and answers, the results highlighted remarkable distinctness in both learning methods. Still, there are specific facets of each learning modality.
Tools for Implementing Distance Learning during the War: Experience of Uzhhorod National University, Ukraine
Authors: BANYOI Veronika , KHARKIVSKA Olesya , SHKURKO Halyna , YATSKIV Mariіa
Published: February 2023

The article is devoted to describing tools for implementing distance learning in the educational process of higher educational institutions in Ukraine in the war condition. Due: to the introduction of martial law in Ukraine and the need for the digitalization of modern education, distance learning tools contribute to better students knowledge acquisition. The current state of research on distance education in Ukraine is presented, and various kinds, types, methods, and means of training are clarified. Different types of tasks are described, and special attention is paid to test lessons, which is an effective way to check the level of mastering the educational material by students. The analysis is based on the characteristics of Moodle, Learning Apps, and Kahoot! used in the learning process at the Faculty of Philology of Uzhhorod National University. The advantages and disadvantages of using web resources in synchronous and asynchronous learning modes are determined. Distance learning tools are an integral part of achieving educational success under computer literacy and a sufficient level of motivation for all participants in the educational process. The prospects and improvement of the remote learning process by developing strategies using new information and communication technologies in distance learning are determined.
Perbedaan Kemampuan Menulis Teks Eksplanasi Menggunakan Metode Cooperative Integrated Reading and Composition (CIRC) dengan Metode Konvensional Siswa Kelas VIII SMP Negeri 11 Kota Bengkulu
Authors: Julifa Emelia , Susetyo Susetyo , Basuki Rokhmat
Published: February 2023

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui perbedaan kemampuan menulis menggunakan metode Cooperative Integrated Reading And Composition (CIRC) dengan Metode Pembelajaran Konvensional Siswa Kelas VIII SMP Negeri 11 Kota Bengkulu. Metode penelitian ini adalah eksperimen semu. Populasi dalam penelitian adalah kelas VIII SMP N 11 Kota Bengkulu, sampel dalam penelitian ini kelas VIII C sebagai kelas eksperimen dan kelas VIII D sebagai kelas kontrol dengan teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Teknik penggumpulan data menggunakan tes kemampuan menulis teks eksplanasi. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian terdapat perbedaan nilai rata-rata kelas eksperimen 81,8, sedangkan nilai rata-rata kelas kontrol yang menggunakan metode konvensional adalah 76,6. Hasil uji perbedaan kelompok eksperimen dan kelompok kontrol yaitu thitung = 7,42 dan ttabel = 2,07 dengan taraf signifikan 0,05. Uji t mengenai kemampuan siswa menulis teks eksplanasi terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan ditunjukkan dengan nilai thitung  > ttabel yaitu 7,42 > 2,07 dengan taraf signifikan α = 0,05. Dengan demikian hipotesis nol ditolak dan hipotesis alternatif diterima, sehingga terdapat perbedaan kemampuan menulis teks eksplanasi menggunakan metode pembelajaran cooperative integrated reading and composition (CIRC) dengan metode pembelajaran konvensional siswa kelas VIII SMPN 11 Kota Bengkulu.
CAPITALIZAÇÃO SIMPLES E COMPOSTA NAS SITUAÇÕES COTIDIANAS: APLICAÇÕES E APRENDIZAGEM
Authors: Melo de Carvalho Ivonete , Vinholi Júnior Airton José
Published: February 2023

O presente trabalho tem por objetivo verificar se e como os estudantes do 2.º ano do Ensino Médio, de 13 (treze) escolas públicas estaduais de Campo Grande/MS, aplicam o conhecimento de matemática financeira aprendido ao longo do 1.º ano do Ensino Médio, bem comoinvestigar como o conhecimento empírico do assunto influencia o aprendizado e a aplicação dos conceitos elementares formais (científicos) da matemática financeira no cotidiano desses estudantes. Permeado por uma pesquisa aplicada, de abordagem quali-quantitativa, o procedimento metodológico principal consistiu na aplicação de questionários, via plataforma Google Forms, que envolveram três diferentes contextos de abordagem, aplicados aos estudantes do ensino médio que cursaram o 1.º ano dos cursos técnicos, nas subáreas de Administração, em escolas públicas do estado de Mato Grosso do Sul, em 2020. A análise dos dados foi realizada à luz do viés da educação matemática crítica. O que se observou é que, de maneira geral, o conhecimento empírico preexistente influencia o aprendizado formal e que, deste modo, o que se aprende na escola não é praticado no cotidiano do alunado.
Intussusception among Children Admitted in a Department of Pediatric Surgery of a Tertiary Care Centre: A Descriptive Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Rajkarnikar Ramana , Singh Suraj , Joshi Mridul Prasad , Kayastha Anuj
Published: February 2023

Introduction: Intussusception is the second most common cause of acute abdominal pain in infants and preschool children. The aetiology for intussusception is idiopathic at this age. Hydrostatic reduction and exploratory laparotomy with proceed are the options for the management of intussusception. The aim of this study was to find out the prevalence of intussusception among patients admitted to the Department of Pediatric Surgery of a tertiary care centre.
Methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted among admitted patients in the Department of Pediatric Surgery of a tertiary care centre after ethical approval from the Ethical Committee (Reference number: A37-77/78). Data were collected from 1 January 2018 to 31 December 2020 from admitted children aged 6 months to 5 years of age. Data collection was done from the hospital record section using the convenience sampling method. Point estimate and 95% Confidence Interval were calculated.
Results: Among 1785 admitted patients, 267 (14.96%) (13.31-16.61, 95% Confidence Interval) were found to have intussusception. Among them, the hydrostatic reduction was successful in 246 (92.13%). Meanwhile, 21 (7.86%) of cases underwent laparotomy. The peak age of patients was seen in 148 (55.43%) in the age group of 1-3 years.
Conclusions: Intussusception is one of the common surgical emergencies in children. Hydrostatic reduction of intussusception is a simple and effective method for the treatment of intussusception in children.
Lumbosacral Transitional Vertebra among Patients Visiting the Department of Orthopaedics in a Tertiary Care Centre: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Basel Suman Kumar , Barakoti Ram Krishna , Chaudhary Rajesh Kumar , Shrestha Babu Kaji , Kaucha Deepak , Rijal Sanjib
Published: February 2023

Introduction: Lumbosacral transitional vertebra is a normal anatomical variant at the L5-S1 junction with an incidence as high as 4-36%. This alteration results in incorrect identification of vertebral segments leading to wrong surgery. The aim of the study was to find out the prevalence of lumbosacral transitional vertebra among patients visiting the department of orthopaedics in a tertiary care centre.

Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted from 11 September 2021 to 31 May 2022, after receiving ethical clearance from the Institutional Review Committee (Reference number: IRC-2021-9-10-09). The patients with plain radiographs of the lumbosacral spine (anteroposterior view) were assessed and evaluated by a fellow and consultant of the orthopaedic spine and classified as per Castellvi's radiographic classification. Convenience sampling was done. Point estimate and 95% Confidence Interval were calculated.

Results: Among 1002 patients, lumbosacral transitional vertebra was detected in 95 (9.48%) patients (9.40-9.56, 95% Confidence Interval). Out of 95 (9.48%), patients with the lumbosacral transitional vertebra, 67 (70.53%) had sacralisation and 28 (29.47%) had lumbarization. The mean age of the patients at the time of the study included in the study was 41.6±15.12 years (range 18-85 years). The lumbosacral transitional vertebra was more common in females than males. According to the Castellvi classification, type IIa was the most common type 47 (49.47%).

Conclusions: The prevalence of lumbosacral transitional vertebra was similar to other studies done in similar settings.
Acute Pancreatitis among Patients Visiting the Department of Surgery in a Tertiary Care Centre: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Basukala Sunil , Pathak Bishnu Deep , Dawadi Pravakar , Bohara Sujan , Tamang Ayush , Pahari Soumya , Khand Yugant , Thapa Ojas , Bhusal Ujwal
Published: February 2023

Introduction: Acute pancreatitis is the inflammation of pancreatic parenchyma characterised by severe abdominal pain and nausea. It is a common gastrointestinal disease requiring hospital admission. The death rate for mild acute pancreatitis is low but severe acute pancreatitis can reach up to 40%. This study aimed to find the prevalence of acute pancreatitis among patients attending the Department of Surgery in a tertiary care centre.

Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted from 1 October 2021 to 30 March 2022. The study was conducted after receiving ethical approval from the Institutional Review Committee (Registration number: 454). Patients with age more than 18 years were included and patients less than 18 years of age including those suffering from chronic pancreatitis, pancreatic malignancy or immunocompromised states were excluded. Convenience sampling was done. Point estimate and 95% Confidence Interval were calculated.

Results: Among 1560 patients, the prevalence of acute pancreatitis in our study is 120 (7.69%) (2.92-12.46, 95% Confidence Interval). Out of them, 57 (47.50%) were males and 63 (52.50%) were females. Out of total, hypertension found in 52 (43.33%) was the most common co-morbidity observed followed by diabetes mellitus 18 (15%). Similarly, 80 (66.67%) patients had mild pancreatitis whereas 40 (33.33%) had moderate pancreatitis and 8 (6.67%) had severe pancreatitis.

Conclusions: The prevalence of acute pancreatitis among hospital admissions in the department of surgery in a tertiary care centre was found to be similar to other studies done in a similar setting.
Building Curriculum Vitae as a Medical Student
Authors: GC Saroj , Shrestha Reshika
Published: February 2023

The curriculum vitae is the standard means of communication of accomplishments that are relevant to the academic realm. The purpose of this is to provide a brief, digestible summary of one's personal and professional life. The quality of a curriculum vitae is more important than the quantity, and it takes skill to write one that is organized, clear, and brief. From their first year of medical school, medical students can get involved in research and publishing, plan activities that develop their leadership and management abilities, pursue their interests, and attend national and international conferences. At the end, it’s all about working on yourself and developing a distinct professional and personal identity which can be effectively reflected in your curriculum vitae.
Bilateral Iridochorioretinal Coloboma Managed with Low Vision Rehabilitation: A Case Report
Authors: Singh Basanta , Suwal Rinkal , Shrestha Rashmi , Adhikari Sikshya , Karki Sudip , Khadka Deepak
Published: February 2023

Ocular coloboma is a rare congenital disability. If involving the macula, it affects the patient’s vision and subsequently affects childhood development and quality of life in the future. Appropriate low vision aid and timely rehabilitation can provide the best possible quality of life for visually impaired children. We report a 9-year-old boy who presented with a diminution of vision in both eyes, and who was just enrolled in pre-school. He was diagnosed with bilateral iridochorioretinal coloboma associated with nystagmus and unilateral cataract. After all the necessary evaluation, a telescope was prescribed for distance and a dome magnifier for near. Furthermore, a peaked cap and photo grey lens were given for outdoor activities. This case highlights the importance of low vision intervention in a visually impaired child. Appropriate low vision aid and rehabilitation can improve patients’ lifestyle and academic performance who are diagnosed with iridochorioretinal coloboma.
DISEMINASI INVESTASI PASAR MODAL PADA MUDA MUDI DESA BAKALAN KABUPATEN SUKOHARJO
Authors: Dewi Tien Kartika Kumala , Setiyawati Ramah Harnung , Agusta Silvia Dela , Astungkara Agni , Chomsatu Yuli
Published: February 2023

ABSTRAKInvestasi saham adalah kegiatan penanaman modal berupa pembelian saham (surat berharga) perusahan. Kegiatan pengabdian ini bertujuan untuk menambah wawasan dan memberikan edukasi   remaja karang taruna di desa Bakalan Polokarto Sukoharjo cara berinvestasi pasar modal melalui aplikasi Phitancro sekuritas. Hal ini disebabkan kurangnya pengetahuan dan pemahaman karang taruna di desa tersebut. Pengabdian ini juga memberikan deskripsi yang jelas bahwa edukasi dan pentingnya pelatihan investasi di pasar modal Indonesia di desa Bakalan Polokarto Sukoharjo. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode tutorial, metode tanya jawab, metode pendampingan, metode simulasi dan metode pendampingan. Hasil dari diseminasi ini adalah mengetahui dan memahami tentang investasi pasar modal, mendukun program BEI yaitu memperkenalkan investasi dan pasar modal agar dapat berinfestasi sejak dini dan menjadikan pengetahuan lebih bagi masyarakat khususnya pemuda pemudi desa bakalan untuk mengenal lebih jauh tentang investasi dan pasar modal. Kata kunci : investasi saham; pasar modal; pelatihan ABSTRACTStock investment is an investment activity in the form of buying shares (securities) of a company. This service activity aims to add insight and provide education for youth youth in the village of Bakalan Polokarto Sukoharjo how to invest in the capital market through the Phitancro securities application. This is due to the lack of knowledge and understanding of youth organizations in the village. This service also provides a clear description of the importance of education and training on investment in the Indonesian capital market in Bakalan Polokarto village, Sukoharjo. The method used is the tutorial method, the question and answer method, the mentoring method, the simulation method and the mentoring method. The results of this dissemination are knowing and understanding about capital market investment, supporting the IDX program, namely introducing investment and the capital market so that they can invest early and make more knowledge for the community, especially village youth, to get to know more about investment and the capital market. Keywords: capital market; stock investment; training
PENDAMPINGAN PEMBUATAN INSTAGRAM DALAM PEMASARAN PRODUK LOKAL DESA BAHAL GAJAH, KAB. SIMALUNGUN
Authors: Safitri Damayanti , Azhar Hafiz , Saragih Liharman , Parinduri Taufik , Sinaga Mahaitin H.
Published: February 2023

ABSTRAKProduk Usaha Mikro Kecil dan Menengah yang dihasilkan oleh masyarakat di Desa Bahal Gajah salah satunya adalah membuat produk hiasan dinding dan bunga yang terbuat dari limbah kulit jagung yang dilakukan oleh para pemuda – pemudi  dimana salah satu sektor penghasilan terbesar di Desa Bahal Gajah adalah bertani jagung. Banyak kendala yang dihadapi terutama dalam hal pemasaran produk Usaha Mikro Kecil dan Menengah sehingga masih kurang maksimal dalam hal penjualan, mereka biasanya hanya menjual produknya di pasar dengan membuka lapak. Strategi pemasaran yang dijadikan solusi adalah dengan memanfaatkan teknologi yang akan menjadi kekuatan dalam pemasaran produk yang dihasilkan. Oleh sebab itu kegiatan pengabdian ini bertujuan untuk memanfaatkan media sosial instagram untuk pemasaran. Metode yang digunakan dalam kegiatan pengabdian ini berupa demonstrasi dan praktek langsung. Harapan dari dilakukan nya kegiatan ini dapat merubah wawasan pemuda - pemudi agar dapat melakukan pemasaran melalui media sosial instagram. Kata kunci: pemanfaatan teknologi; media social; pendampingan. ABSTRACTOne of the Micro Small and Medium Enterprises products produced by the community in Bahal Gajah village is making wall and flower decoration products made from corn husk waste which is carried out by young people where one of the biggest income sectors in Bahal Gajah village is corn farming. Many obstacles are faced, especially in terms of marketing  pro Micro Small and Medium Enterprises pducts so that they are still not optimal in terms of sales, they usually only sell their products in the market by opening stalls. The marketing strategy used as a solution is to utilize technology that will be a strength in marketing the resulting product. Therefore, this service activity aims to utilize Instagram social media for marketing. The method used in this service activity is in the form of demonstration and direct practice. It is hoped that this activity can change the insight of young people so that they can do marketing through social media Instagram. Keywords: technology utilization; social media; accompaniment.
PEMBENTUKAN KADER HIPERTENSI SEBAGAI UPAYA PEMBERDAYAAN MASYARAKAT DALAM PEMANTAUAN KEJADIAN HIPERTENSI
Authors: Fadillah Noor Ahda , Riana Riana , Rahman Fitriati , Ayuningtias Sekar Sari , Susanto Wetha Exavarani
Published: February 2023

ABSTRAKPenyakit hipertansi merupakan masalah kesehatan yang penting untuk segera diatasi di Kelurahan Guntung Paikat RT 001, RW 003 dikarenakan akibat jangka panjangnya dapat menimbulkan penyakit berbahaya seperti penyakit jantung dan stroke. Berdasarkan hasil diagnosa komunitas yang dilakukan pada 30 Kepala Keluarga di RT 001, RW 003 Kelurahan Guntung Paikat didapatkan sebanyak 5 orang dengan persentase (5%) yang terkena hipertensi. Kemudian, berdasarkan hasil survei kuesioner faktor risiko di di Kelurahan Guntung Paikat RT 001, RW 003 diketahui masyarakat mempunyai kebiasaan mengonsumsi makanan tinggi garam, merokok, dan kurangnya aktivitas fisik sehingga mempengaruhi stabilitas tekanan darah. Media yang digunakan berupa booklet, poster, dan powerpoint. Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat yang dilakukan yaitu Pembentukan Kader Hipertensi Sebagai Upaya Pemberdayaan Masyarakat dalam Pemantauan Kejadian Hipertensi yang dilakukan secara luring di taman terbuka Kelurahan Guntung Paikat. Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini menghasilkan output yaitu terjadi peningkatan pengetahuan pada masyarakat di Kelurahan Guntung Paikat RT 001, RW 003 mengenai penyakit hipertensi berdasarkan hasil pre-test dan post-test yang telah diisi masyarakat terjadi peningkatan pengetahuan yaitu sebesar 80%. Kata kunci: hipertensi; penyuluhan; kader. ABSTRACTHypertension is an important health problem that needs to be addressed immediately in Guntung Paikat Village RT 001, RW 003 because its long-term consequences can cause dangerous diseases such as heart disease and stroke. Based on the results of community diagnosis carried out on 30 family heads in RT 001, RW 003, Guntung Paikat Village, it was found that 5 people with a percentage (5%) were affected by hypertension. Then, based on the results of the risk factor questionnaire survey in Guntung Paikat Village, RT 001, RW 003, it is known that people have a habit of consuming high-salt foods, smoking, and lack of physical activity that affects blood pressure stability. The media used are booklets, posters, and powerpoints. The community service activity carried out was the formation of hypertension cadres as an effort to empower the community in monitoring the incidence of hypertension which was carried out offline in the open park, Guntung Paikat Village. This community service activity produced an output, namely an increase in knowledge in the community in Guntung Paikat Village RT 001, RW 003 about hypertension based on the results of the pre-test and post-test that had been filled in by the community, an increase in knowledge of 80%. Keywords: hypertension; counseling; cadre.
JURU PEMANTAU RUMAH SEHAT SEBAGAI UPAYA PENCEGAHAN DIARE DI KELURAHAN GUNTUNG PAIKAT RT 04 RW 04
Authors: Pujianti Nita , Puspitasari Yasmine , Isnawati Isnawati , Fasya Ni'ma Farida , Dalimo Rahmayolanda , Rifaldi Rifaldi
Published: February 2023

ABSTRAKPenyakit diare merupakan masalah kesehatan masyarakat terutama di lingkungan lahan basah. Wilayah yang mengalami kejadian diare yaitu wilayah kerja Puskesmas Banjarbaru Selatan di Kelurahan Guntung Paikat RT 04 RW 04. Lingkungan terkecil yaitu rumah tangga berperan dalam perkembangbiakan agen penyakit diare. Risiko lingkungan lahan basah yaitu keadaan rumah yang sehat bersama dengan dengan Perilaku Hidup Bersih dan Sehat (PHBS) dan sanitasi alat rumah tangga yang berkaitan dengan penularan diare. Tujuan dari kegiatan ini untuk melakukan pemantauan terhadap pencegahan diare berupa Perilaku Hidup Bersih dan Sehat (PHBS) dan sanitasi alat rumah tangga. Metode yang dilakukan diawali dengan penyuluhan dengan mengedukasi sasaran mengenai  penyakit diare dan hubungan kriteria rumah sehat. Pemberian lembar ceklis untuk memantau Perilaku Hidup Bersih dan Sehat (PHBS) dan sanitasi alat rumah tangga. Kegiatan pemantauan dilakukan secara berkala selama 3 kali dalam 4 minggu melalui grup whatsapp dan door to door. Berdasarkan hasil pemantauan didapatkan 22 juru pemantau didapatkan dengan akumulasi 14 rumah tangga mengalami peningkatan Perilaku Hidup Bersih dan Sehat (PHBS) dan akumulasi 16 rumah tangga mengalami peningkatan higiene sanitasi alat rumah tangga. Kata kunci: diare; juru pemantau; rumah sehat; Perilaku Hidup Bersih dan Sehat (PHBS); sanitasi alat rumah tangga ABSTRACTDiarrhea is a public health problem, especially in a wetland environment. The area that experienced diarrhea was the working area of the South Banjarbaru Public Health Center in Guntung Paikat Village, RT 04 RW 04. The smallest environment, namely the household, played a role in the proliferation of diarrhea disease agents. The risk of the wetland environment is the condition of a healthy house along with Clean and Healthy Life Behavior (CHLB) and sanitation of household utensils associated to diarrhea transmission. The purpose of this activity is to monitor the prevention of diarrhea in the form of Clean and Healthy Living Behavior (CHLB) and sanitation of household utensils. The method begins with counseling by educating the target about diarrheal diseases and the association of healthy house criteria. Provision of checklists to monitor Clean and Healthy Behavior (CHLB) and sanitation of household utensils. Monitoring activities are carried out regularly for 3 times in 4 weeks through whatsapp group and door to door. Based on the monitoring result 22 monitors were obtained with accumulation of 14 households experienced an increase in Clean and Healthy Life Behavior (CHLB) and the accumulation of 16 households experienced an increase in the hygiene and sanitation of household utensils. Keywords: diarrhea; monitors; healthy house, clean and healthy life behavior; household hygiene sanitation.