bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Plasma electrode dielectric barrier discharge: development, characterization and preliminary assessment for large surface decontamination
Authors: NASCIMENTO Fellype do , STANCAMPIANO Augusto , TREBULOVA Kristina , DOZIAS Sébastien , HRUDKA Jan , KRCMA František , POUVESLE Jean Michel , KOSTOV Konstantin Georgiev , ROBERT Eric
Published: July 2023

The paper gives the detailed information about a newly developed plasma system applicable for conductive target non-thermal plasma indirect treatment. High voltage microsecond duration pulses delivered in the kHz range are used to ignite a discharge in a glass funnel vessel flushed with argon and equipped with a needle electrode. An air dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) can subsequently be generated if a grounded grid is set a few millimeters apart from the thin glass plate constituting the funnel base, in the funnel-DBD setup. Thus, this air DBD operates with its powered electrode consisting in the transient argon streamer discharge spreading inside the funnel and over the glass plate. This “plasma electrode DBD” is characterized using time-resolved ICCD imaging together with voltage and current probes. This work reports for the first time the funnel-DBD proof of concept operation and its potentialities for large surface decontamination. Argon and air plasma temporal and spatial development is documented and analyzed while electrical characterization using Lissajous plots provide key information on the power and capacitances of the funnel-DBD setup. It is reported that the funnel-DBD operates as a large surface and low power discharge. As with any air-DBD plasma, the modulation of the power density delivered across the air-DBD, processed with changing the pulse repetition rate, results in the control of the ozone concentration. Beyond the plasma electrode-DBD development and characterization, the main motivation of this work is the treatment of conductive samples with the perspective of large surface decontamination. Preliminary demonstrations of the bacterial and yeast inhibition are thus reported forin vitrocultivations through indirect treatment with the funnel-DBD delivering reactive nitrogen and oxygen species.
Instability and Ultra-high frequency spectrum pulse train in passively Q-switched Yb: LuAG ceramic laser
Authors: Dai Min
Published: July 2023

Passive Q-switched pulse lasers equipped with high quality gain media are expected to be the preferred UHF pulse sources containing THz pulse train. Based on a Yb: LuAG passively Q-switched laser pumped by a laser diode with a Yb ratio of 15at.% in Yb: LuAG, stable quasi-single longitudinal mode laser pulse trains and quasi-double longitudinal mode oscillation unstable pulse trains were observed experimentally, and the ultra-high-frequency (UHF) pulses excited by the high power unstable pulse trains were studied. The spectrum of the pulse train includes the low frequency spectrum with the base frequency below 500 KHz and the ultra-high frequency spectrum with the base frequency above 104 KHz. The base frequency change law of UHF spectrum with the increase of pump power conforms to the frequency doubling frequency principle of spectrum changing to higher frequency. With the increase of pump power, the fundamental frequency increases by 2n, reaching 0.32 THz in the experimental range of this paper. After the UHF pulse train is filtered at 1.25*105 KHz, a single UHF pulse train and its corresponding spectrum are obtained. The average peak power of UHF spectrum pulse increases with the increase of pump power.
Empowering landowners to combat climate change: the economic case for forest carbon supply at the stand level
Authors: Acuña Eduardo , Sandoval Simón , Montes Cristián R. , Olmedo Guillermo F. , Cerda Aldo , Mena-Quijada Pablo
Published: July 2023

The objective of this study was to analyze the effect of extending rotation at the stand level in private landowner of Eucalyptus globulus, Eucalyptus nitens and Pinus radiata established in contrasting productivity zones. The analysis also evaluates the impact of uncertainty in financial risk considering variations in the price per Mg of CO2 stored, costs of silvicultural activities, wood products yield using the ad-hoc simulator growth model and the discount rate. Deterministic results show that lower productivity environment the rotation age can be extended 7 or more years in EUGL and 6 or more in EUNI, with respect to the 12-year baseline. Extending PIRA rotation age resulted in a negative CO2 NPV, implying that a decision made at establishment to extend the harvest age beyond 22-years baseline will not increase financial returns, when aiming at potential payments for environmental services based on carbon storage. Sensitivity analysis shows that the uncertainties of the stored CO2 price, pulpable product and discount rate are the main contributors to the total variance in the 13-year NPV of both Eucalyptus species. The uncertainty in price of captured CO2 contributes more than 50% in either species, with pulpable product and discount rate contributing more than 16 and 4%, respectively.
Hepatoprotective effect of nicotinamide versus lead-motivated hepatotoxicity in rats via correcting effect on nuclear factor-kβ pathway and glutathione metabolism
Authors: Mahdavifard Sina , Shahi Zahra
Published: July 2023

Objective(s):
Many years ago, until now, lead (Pb) poisoning is one of the pivotal environmental issues. Pb prompts liver dysfunction by elevating inflammation following oxidative stress. Consequently, we for the first time investigated the effect of nicotinamide (B3) on the rat's liver histopathological and biochemical profiles in a rat model of Pb toxicity.
Materials and Methods
Thirty-six rats were shared into four groups (nine rats in each): untreated normal (N), B3 treated normal (N-B3), lead toxicity (Pbt), and B3 lead toxicity (Pbt-B3). Treated groups took B3 (180 mg/L in drinking water for one month). Pb intoxication was motivated in rats by acquiring 50 mg/l lead acetate from drinking water. Oxidative stress markers (advanced protein oxidation products, and malondialdehyde), antioxidant markers (total glutathione, reduced (GSH) to oxidized (GSSG) glutathione ratio, ferric ion reducing power, catalase, and paraoxonase-1), and inflammatory markers (hepatic nuclear factor-kβ expression, interleukin 1β level, and myeloperoxidase activity) in sera and liver homogenates were determined. Further, Biochemical liver function indicators (Alanine transaminase, aspartate transaminase, alkaline phosphatase, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase, total bilirubin, total protein, albumin, and globulins) were quantified. Pb-induced liver damage was assessed with Histopathological observation. Results: B3 corrected lead-persuaded biochemical and histopathological changes in the rat's liver. In addition, treatment diminished Pb, oxidative stress, and inflammatory markers in the sera and liver homogenates of N-B3 and Pbt-B3 groups as well as elevated antioxidant markers (p < 0.001).
Conclusions
Nicotinamide through a decrease in Pb, oxidative stress, and inflammation prevented Pb prompted liver histopathological alternations and reduced liver dysfunction parameters.
Research on the evolution and height prediction of WCFZ in shallow close coal seams mining
Authors: Cao Jian , Su Haitao , Wang Chao , Li Jianwei
Published: July 2023

Based on the mining conditions of shallow close coal seams in the Jurassic coalfield of northern Shaanxi, in order to explore the evolution and development height prediction of WCFZ (WCFZ), combining with measured statistical analysis, physical simulation, numerical calculation, and theoretical analysis, the evolution of mining-induced fractures and the development characteristics of WCFZ are analyzed, and the development height predicting method of WCFZ in shallow close coal seams mining is proposed. The results show that in shallow single coal seam mining, during the stage of incritical mining, the height of the WCFZ increases in a "jumping" pattern with the main roof periodic caving. After critical mining, it is basically stable. Its development height is positively correlated with the mining height. The ratio of development height to mining height is generally 20–30, and the change is not significant with the mining height, overall, the distribution of the WCFZ is "saddle shaped". Based on close distance coal seams repeated mining, the primary fractures act as activation development when the interburden broken completely, the development of WCFZ at the mining boundary is significantly intensified, and ratio of the height to mining height in repeated mining is obviously lower than that in single seam mining, which is generally 18–25. The traditional empirical formula cannot be applied to the development prediction in shallow close coal seams mining, with an error of 10%-50%. Considering the mining height, interburden thickness, and roof caving characteristics, the development height predicting method of WCFZ in shallow close coal seams mining is proposed. Compared with measured results, the calculation error is basically within 15%, which has good prediction accuracy, The research results can provide a theoretical basis for predicting the height of WCFZ in shallow close coal seams mining in the Jurassic coalfield of northern Shaanxi.
Electric brain potentials evoked by pictures of meaningful activities: a search for “meaning”
Authors: Cruyt Ellen , Criel Yana , De Vriendt Patricia , Vlerick Peter , Calders Patrick , De Pauw Robby , Oostra Kristine , De Letter Miet , de Velde Dominique Van
Published: July 2023

Introduction
Meaningful activities contribute to wellbeing, health, and quality of life. Understanding the brain mechanisms that underlie the attribution of meaning to activities is crucial for further comprehension of human functioning and health.
Method
An explorative electroencephalographic study including thirteen females. A visual paradigm with picture stimuli containing self-selected meaningful activities of the participants was included. The participants scored each activity on meaningfulness based on a VAS-scale. Event-related potentials (ERPs) were studied in five time windows related to the P1-N1-P2 complex, N200, and N400 component. Mean amplitudes and onset latencies were compared between the two conditions using a paired student t-test. A two-way repeated ANOVA was conducted to examine the main and interaction effects of the conditions and topographical region in the N200 and N400 time window. The ERPs were inspected on a subject-level.
Results
No significant difference between the meaningful and non-meaningful condition was found on both amplitudes and onset latencies in the N200 and N400 time window. No interaction effects between topographical region and condition were found for N200 and N400.
Discussion
A first attempt was made to investigate neurophysiological correlates of the cognitive process of attribution of meaning to activities. We could not capture an effect in the N200 or N400 component. We evaluated the new paradigm and suggested other brain registration techniques.
Conclusion
The neurophysiological correlates of the cognitive process of attribution of meaning to activities was investigated. We could not capture an effect in the N200 or N400 component.
Correlation of several forms of folic acid with endometrial cancer: cross-sectional data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES) 2011-2018
Authors: Zhang Meng , Li Ruiping , Fan Xuefen , Zhang Shan , Liao Lixin , Xu Xin , Guo Yuzhen
Published: July 2023

Objective
Endometrial cancer (EC) is a common malignancy of the female reproductive system and although most patients have a good prognosis, 20–30% of patients with advanced disease have a poor prognosis. There are currently no reliable biomarkers for early diagnosis and effective prognostic improvement of the disease. The aim of this study was to explore the effect of folic acid on the occurrence of EC and its clinical application using the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database.
Methods
This study included 8,809 female subjects aged ≥ 20 years in the NHANES database from 2011–2018, including 8,738 non-oncology patients and 71 EC patients. Reduced selection bias using 1:1 propensity score matching (PSM) method. Restricted cubic spline (RCS) was plotted to explore the non-linear relationship between different forms of folic acid and EC.
Result
Using data from the NHANES database from 2011–2018 to assess the association between folic acid and the risk of developing EC. The results of the 1:1 ratio propensity score matching (PSM) showed 68 each for EC patients and non-oncology participants. Total serum folate, 5-methyltetrahydrofolate (5-methylTHF), 5-formyltetrahydrofolate (5-formylTHF), tetrahydrofolate (THF) and 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate (5,10-methenylTHF) were significantly correlated with EC (p < 0.05). In addition, the RCS showed a significant non-linear correlation between THF and 5,10-formyl THF and the risk of developing EC.
Conclusion
The results of this study showed that changes in serum total folate, 5-methylTHF, 5-formylTHF, THF and 5,10-methenylTHF were closely related to EC.
Immunotherapies for intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: Prognostic model for Overall Survival
Authors: Lv Yinghao , Liu Hu , He Penghui , Xie Sinan , Yin Xiuchun , Cai Yunshi , Wu Hong
Published: July 2023

Objective
Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) accounts for 20% of liver malignancies with a 5-year survival rate of 35% at best with limited prognostic predictors. Lung Immune Prognostic Index (LIPI) is a novel prognostic factor in pulmonary cancers. In this study, we developed a modified prognostic model from LIPI called intrahepatic immune prognostic index (IIPI) for ICC.
Patients and method:
A retrospectively study was conducted at Liver Transplant Center of West China Hospital between January 2015 and January 2023. Hematological factors and clinical features of ICC patients were collected and analyzed. The area under curve (AUC) and optimal cuff-off of each single hematological factor was calculated.
Results
In this study, derived neurtrophil to lymphocyte ratio (dNLR), arbohydrate antigen199 (CA199) and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) have higher AUC values. LIPI was composed of dNLR and was further modified by combing CA199 and CEA, forming the IIPI. The IIPI consists of four grades which are None, Light, Moderate and Severe. Compared to other prognostic factors, IIPI exibited better ability to predict overall survival. The multivariate analysis indicated that cirrhosis, differentiation, hilar invasion and IIPI were independent prognostic factors for ICC patients. An IIPI-based nomogram was also established and could predict the overall survival. In addition, the subgroup analyses based on clinical prognostic factors showed that the IIPI exhibited excellent prognostic influence.
Conclusion
IIPI model is suitable for predicting the prognosis of postoperative ICC patients. Further research is needed to explore the relationship between postoperative recurrence and metastasis of ICC patients and IIPI.
Severity of road accident classification using Machine Learning Models
Authors: MALLAHI Imad El , RIFFI Jamal , MAHRAZ Mohamed Adnane , TAIRI Hamid
Published: July 2023

The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Metagenomic Analysis of Carbohydrate-Active Enzymes and Their Contribution to Marine Sediment Biodiversity
Authors: López-Sánchez Rafael , Rebollar Eria A. , Gutiérrez-Ríos Rosa María , Garciarrubio Alejandro , Juarez Katy , Segovia Lorenzo
Published: July 2023

Marine sediments constitute the world's most substantial long-term carbon repository. The microorganisms dwelling in these sediments mediate the transformation of fixed oceanic carbon, but their contribution to the carbon cycle is not fully understood. Previous culture-independent investigations into sedimentary microorganisms have underscored the significance of carbohydrates in the carbon cycle. In this study, we employ a metagenomic methodology to investigate the distribution and abundance of carbohydrate-active enzymes (CAZymes) in 37 marine sediments. These sediments exhibit varying oxygen availability and were isolated in diverse regions worldwide. Our comparative analysis is based on the metabolic potential for oxygen utilisation, derived from genes present in both oxic and anoxic environments. We found extracellular CAZyme modules targeting the degradation of plant and algal detritus, necromass, and host glycans were more prevalent across all metagenomic samples. The analysis of these results indicates that the oxic / anoxic conditions not only influence the taxonomic composition of the microbial communities, but also affect the occurrence of CAZyme modules involved in the transformation of necromass, algae and plant detritus. To gain insight into the sediment microbial taxa, we reconstructed metagenomic assembly genomes (MAG) and examined the presence of primary extracellular carbohydrate active enzyme (CAZyme) modules. Our findings reveal that the primary CAZyme modules and the CAZyme gene clusters (CGC) discovered in our metagenomes were prevalent in the Bacteroidia, Gammaproteobacteria and Alphaproteobacteria classes. We compared those MAG to MAG from the same classes found in soil, and we found that they were similar, but the soil MAG contained a more abundant and diverse CAZyme content. Furthermore, the data indicate that abundant classes in our metagenomic samples, namely Alphaproteobacteria, Bacteroidia and Gammaproteobacteria, play a pivotal role in carbohydrate transformation within the initial few metres of the sediments.
Data-independent acquisition (DIA) mass spectrometry reveals related proteins involved in the occurrence of early intestinal-type gastric cancer
Authors: Zhang Liangshun , Xu Feng , Lu Hongna , Dong Xianwen , Gao Zhiqiang , Zhao Qiaosu , Weng Ting , Li Hong , Ye Hua
Published: July 2023

Background: The identification of proteins involved in the occurrence of early intestinal-type gastric cancer (EIGC) may provide valuable insights into the pathogenesis of intestinal gastric cancer.
Methods: Data-independent acquisition mass spectroscopy (DIA-MS) was utilized to identify the differential protein between 10 cases of EIGC and atrophic gastritis with intestinal metaplasia (NGC). The expressions of IPO4, TBL1XR1, p62/SQSTM1, PKP3, and CRTAP were verified by immunohistochemistry (IHC) in 20 EIGC samples, 17 gastric low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia (LGIN), and 21 healthy controls. The prognostic values of the five genes were validated in the transcriptome data by survival analysis.
Results: A total of 4,028 proteins were identified using DIA-MS, with fold change> 1.5 times as a significant difference, and a total of 177 different proteins were screened. Among them, 113 proteins were significantly up-regulated in EIGC tissues, and 64 proteins were significantly down-regulated in EIGC tissues. IHC results showed that proteins IPO4, TBL1XR1, p62/SQSTM1, PKP3, and CRTAP were highly expressed in the cytoplasm of EIGC and LGIN, which was consistent with the quantitative results of DIA-MS. Among them, p62/SQSTM1 may undergo nuclear-cytoplasmic transfer. The expression of noncancerous gastric mucosa was different from LGIN and EIGC, while LGIN was similar to EIGC. The five protein coding genes were associated with intestinal-type gastric cancer survival and differentially expressed in different stages.
Conclusion: The study successfully identified differentially expressed proteins between EIGC and NGC, which may provide valuable insights into the mechanism of intestinal-type gastric cancer. Additionally, the study highlights the risk of some LGIN developing into invasive gastric cancer, which warrants further attention.
Brown vs Green Energy Sources and Resource Productivity: The Role of Human Capital and Technology Transfer in Developing Economies
Authors: Aladejare Samson Adeniyi , Salihu Bobbo
Published: July 2023

This study determined the impacts of non-renewable and renewable energy consumption on natural resource productivity alongside human capital and technology transfer roles for 40 selected developing economies. The study relied on a dataset sourced between 1991 and 2021. The study applied the novel method of moments quantile regression (MMQREG) procedure for the analyses while ensuring inferential robustness through the fully modified ordinary least squares (FMOLS), dynamic OLS (DOLS), and Driscoll-Kraay (D-K) methods. Empirically, the study revealed that an increase in brown energy consumption exhausted resource productivity from the lower to the upper quantiles. In contrast, green energy utilisation enhanced resource productivity from the lower to the higher quantiles. Also, while human capital adversely affected resource productivity for both energy means, technology transfer positively impacted it from the lower to the upper quantiles. Likewise, inferences from the DOLS, FMOLS, and D-K techniques revealed similar findings. However, despite non-renewable energy being the dominant means of energy in these developing economies, the size of its adverse impact on resource productivity falls short of the increasing effect of renewable energy across all quantiles. Also, the magnitude of the negative impact of human capital on resource productivity is marginally more substantial with non-renewable energy. In contrast, the robustness of the enhancing impact of technology transfer is slightly more with renewable energy.JEL Classification:O47, Q2, Q32.
Ionic Porous Organic Polymers Synthesized Using Solvothermal and Mechanochemical Methods as Solid Electrolytes for Lithium Metal Batteries
Authors: Luo Hang , Ho Gerald Siu Hang Poon , Li Chen , Huang Jun , Xu Zheng-Long , Kim Yoonseob
Published: July 2023

Lithium metal batteries (LMBs) have considerable potential to become the next generation of energy storage devices because of their high energy density. However, when used with liquid electrolytes, dendrite growth and thermal runaway can cause serious safety problems. Solid-state electrolytes with high Li+ conductivity, durability, and stability can effectively solve these problems. However, existing solid electrolytes do not meet the desirable criteria of having low interfacial contact, high electrochemical stability, high conductivity, and low manufacturing cost. Herein, we demonstrate that Li+-coordinated silicate and sulfonate porous organic polymers (denoted as Li+@Si-S-POPs) synthesized using solvothermal (ST) and mechanochemical (MC) methods can be used as solid electrolytes for LMBs. Benefiting from the incorporated ionic groups, permanent porosity, and low interfacial resistance, products synthesized using ST and MC methods exhibited high Li+ conductivity values of 1.1 × 10− 4 and 1.5 × 10− 4 S cm− 1 at room temperature and Li+ transference numbers of 0.94 and 0.96, respectively. Such excellent conduction behaviors facilitate high Li plating/stripping stability on Li metal electrodes, demonstrating the potential of Li+@Si-S-POPs for use in solid-state LMBs.
A systematic approach to numerical analysis and validation for industrial oven design and optimization
Authors: Şahin Serdar
Published: July 2023

This article presents a study on optimizing the internal velocity and heat distribution in an industrial belt oven with forced convection. The oven is primarily used for drying and cooking legumes. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and the Taguchi design of experiment methods were employed to determine the influential design variables. The 3D CFD model was then compared with experimental results to validate its accuracy. The oven comprises a permeable stainless-steel belt and axial fans with stick-type heaters, which facilitate the circulation of hot air. By assessing the fans' locations and the back chamber geometry, the internal flow patterns were analyzed to enhance airflow distribution. Design variables including the number of fans, the distance between fans, and the distance from fans to the belt surface were considered. Evaluation criteria encompassed belt surface temperature deviation and belt surface velocity deviation. An experimental oven design was developed based on optimal signal-to-noise (S/N) ratios, and the numerical findings were corroborated through experimental measurements, demonstrating a strong agreement. The proposed approach, encompassing the design, manufacturing, and analysis stages, can be applied to diverse industrial oven designs.
Optimization of hydraulic simulation, computational time, and mesh size of 2D and 3D models applied to the main open channel of the Pocsi district, city of Arequipa
Authors: Yana Ernesto , Aleman Sarahid , Yana Walter
Published: July 2023

Currently, in Peru engineering is going through a period of computer revolution, which means that knowledge related to new technologies must be constantly updated, having as tools data processing programs and software to obtain accurate results and optimize the development time of hydraulic projects. The present research determined the optimization of the computational time and mesh size of an open channel using the 2D models of Iber and 3D of Flow 3D. Therefore, the methodology of the study identified a quantitative approach, type of analytical research and experimental design. Moreover, for the development of the research, the following variables were identified: mesh size, computational time, 2D and 3D modelling. At first, the channel was sectioned into 12 sections of different roughness and then simulated with two computers of different characteristics and finally performed a comparative analysis of the models. By correlating the measurement of computational time with the level of accuracy and precision of the mesh size, an optimal model could be obtained. Finally, the hydraulic response in 2D and 3D models maintains an acceptable margin. In brief, 2D models have a shorter computational time and high performance in hydraulic structures and 3D models boast greater computational time and high impact of detail sensitivity in suggestive phenomena.
Investigation of optical, Thermal studies on semi organic Nonlinear Optical Single Crystal Thiosemicarbazide Potassium Bromide (TSCPB) for Optoelectronic devices applications
Authors: Rajeshwari S. , Raja R. , Saravanan N. , Chithambaram V
Published: July 2023

The Thiosemicarbazide Potassium Bromide (TSCPB) single crystals have been grown by the slow evaporation solution growth technique. The lattice parameters and crystalline nature of the grown TSCPB crystals have been studied by single XRD analysis. The chemical composition and the corresponding functional groups of the grown TSCPB have been confirmed by FTIR studies. The optical transparency of TSCPB in the visible region has been confirmed by the UV-Vis-NIR spectrum, and it has also been ensured by the maximum wavelength emission from the photoluminescence study. The band gap of the TSCPB material was calculated from optical absorption studies. The DSC analysis ascertained the thermal stability of the material. The morphology of the grown TSCPB crystal was studied. The second harmonic generation of TSCPB crystal has been determined by the standard Kurtz and Perry powder method.
ALZET pump implantation in mice for chronic drug delivery
Authors: Depreux Frederic , Whitlon Donna , Richter Claus-Peter
Published: July 2023

Drugs, chemical compounds, and other elements are often delivered to the ear of experimental animals to manipulate cochlear function, study how the ear works, identify drugs that prevent hearing loss, and test for ototoxicity. Delivery procedures for acute studies have been described in the literature. However, detailed information on methods that allow weeks of continuous drug delivery to mice cochleae is sparse. This paper describes a method for chronic drug delivery to the mouse cochlea. We illustrate the steps for the surgical implantation of an ALZET infusion pump and the placement of its catheter. We propose a ventral approach to the cochlea, using a surgical laser to make the cochleostomy and the placement of the pumps’ delivery ports into scala tympani or scala vestibuli. Depending on the experimental questions to be tested, the catheter can be directed toward the cochlear base, the vestibular system, or the cochlear apex.
Forgotten Women Artisans? New frontiers of Gendered Spaces in Gede City State in Coastal Kenya
Authors: Muthegethi David Maina
Published: July 2023

This paper interrogates how economic exchanges created new frontiers for women artisans in Gede city, at the coastal region of Kenya as demonstrated in archaeological records. Gede City state experienced economic development from the 11thcentury through intensification of international trade, rapid urbanization and diversification of subsistence patterns. This led to the emergency of artisan classes. Men artisans were mostly engaged in metal working and boat building whereas women artisans engaged in ceramics manufacturing and beads making. Before 11thcentury, the Gede community engaged in these activities mainly for subsistence use. The intensification of international trade and rapid urbanization from the 11thCentury however led to the commodification of ceramics, metal objects, cloth and beads between the Gede community and the people from the hinterland. The Gede community exchanged goods such as beads, metal objects, cloths and ceramics for ivory, animal skins and precious stones. They then traded these goods from the hinterland with foreign merchants thereby making Gede a mercantile City. These new opportunities were contested by different social identities and became new frontiers where gender identities were expressed.This paper aim is twofold: it examines how Gede gendered activities were contested through re-organization of the society’s social structures and how women activities were reflected in new structures from archaeological record.Data was collected through historical sources, archival materials and excavation on Gede Industrial Complex of Bead Making as Women Space. The central question that the paper addresses is: How did the reorganization of the Gede economy create new gendered spaces for women artisans in Gede state?
Dor Orofacial Associada à Disfunção Temporomandibular em Edêntulos: uma Revisão Integrativa
Authors: Oliveira Hiully Karydja Câmara , Batista Anna Flávia Silveira , Costa Isabel Cristina da Silva , Castro Maria Eduarda Dantas de , Pereira Tereza Victória Fernandes , Uchoa Ualison Bezerra Costa , Emiliano Gustavo Barbalho Guedes , Souza Georgia Costa de Araújo
Published: July 2023

Introdução: O sistema estomatognático necessita estar em equilíbrio para ter um funcionamento adequado. Problemas relacionados às maloclusões podem trazer prejuízos a esse sistema, gerar diversos distúrbios, dentre os quais a dor orofacial e os ruídos articulares. Objetivo: Esse trabalho tem como objetivo analisar a dor orofacial ocasionada pela Disfunção Temporomandibular (DTM) em indivíduos desdentados totais ou parciais. Material e Método: O presente estudo é uma revisão integrativa da literatura, com buscas nas bases SciELO, PubMed, MEDLINE, LILACS, CUMED, BINACIS, usando os descritores "Síndrome da Disfunção da Articulação Temporomandibular", “edentulismo”, “dor” e suas variantes nos idiomas inglês e português. Resultados: Foram selecionados 10 estudos, dos quais sete abordaram a perda dentária como fator desencadeador da dor orofacial, com quadros mais graves de dor em indivíduos desdentados totais. A dor orofacial esteve relacionada ao tempo de edentulismo (mais de 10 anos) e ao uso de próteses mal adaptadas pelo comprometimento da articulação temporomandibular. O sexo feminino apresentou maior frequência de dor orofacial associada à DTM. Conclusão: Os indivíduos com maior perda dentária, com mais quadrantes envolvidos, o tempo de edentulismo e o uso de próteses mal adaptadas foram variáveis clinicamente relacionadas à dor orofacial associada à DTM.
Biochemical composition of ciders from various raw materials
Authors: Shirshova A. A. , Ageyeva N. M. , Sheludko O. N. , Khrapov A. A. , Ulyanovskaya E. V. , Chernutskaya E. A.
Published: July 2023

Apple tree is the most common among other fruit crops. Apple fruit is the primary raw material used in cider making. Although the majority of Russian regions are rich in raw materials for the production of high-quality cider, the development of this industry is hampered by a number of issues. As a result, the domestic market sometimes offers low-quality and adulterated products. In this work, we study the organoleptic and biochemical indicators (volatile components, metal cations, phenolcarboxylic acids and organic acids) of fermented diffused apple juice and ciders prepared from both freshly squeezed and reconstituted apple juice. The biochemical composition and organoleptic characteristics of samples were determined by conventional methods, such as high-performance liquid chromatography (organic acids), capillary electrophoresis (phenolcarboxylic acids) and gas chromatography (volatile components). The concentrations of most of the studied parameters and organoleptic indicators werehigher in ciders from fresh apple juice. However, in the fermented diffused juice, the concentrations of chlorogenic (9.5 g/dm3), orotic (1.9 g/dm3) and gallic (4.7 mg/dm3) acids, as well as furfural (11.84 mg/dm3), exceeded those in other studied samples. Future research should investigate the possibility of secondary use of apple pomace, e.g., for the production of fruit spirits. Involvement of such raw materials ensures the rational use of secondary raw materials.
Biosynthesis of metal nanoparticles and their testing on flax seeds
Authors: Lyubimova N. A. , Rabinovich G. Yu.
Published: July 2023

This work sets out to investigate a green-synthesized biopreparation produced by introducing iron or copper nanoparticles into a microbial liquid-phase biological product (LBP). The obtained nanoparticles were analyzed by diffuse reflectance IR spectroscopy and introduced into the LPB at the stage of its ripening in the LPB:particle solution volume ratio of 50:1. As a result, two new biopreparations – LPB-Fe and LPB-Cu – were obtained. All LPB samples, as well as iron and copper nanoparticles, underwent laboratory testing on flax seeds of Tverskaya variety. Iron or copper nanoparticles in the composition of biological preparations were found to affect positively the process of seed germination. In the LPB-Fe variant, seed germination ranged between 86–91%, which exceeded that in the control by 3–12%. In the LPB-Cu variant, seed germination ranged between 86–93%, which exceeded that in the control by 3–11%. However, in the latter variant, the maximum average length per seedling was 14.5–14.8 cm. The average length per seedling was significantly affected by watering the seeds with a solution containing only iron nanoparticles, with the maximum value of this parameter reaching 16.1±1.2 cm. According to the results obtained, this research direction has good prospects and requires additional experiments by varying the nanoparticle concentration in LBPs.
Application of a protective coating on sodium percarbonate particles in a fluidized bed apparatus
Authors: Lipin A. A. , Lipin A. G.
Published: July 2023

Sodium percarbonate (SPC) is used as an environmentally friendly bleaching agent in synthetic detergents. This strong oxidizing agent is incompatible with some other detergent components, such as enzymes. This problem can be solved by encapsulating SPC, whose delayed release will allow the enzymes to function with maximum efficiency before deactivation in the presence of SPC. Therefore, the selection of a coating material and the coating layer thickness seems to be a relevant research direction. In this work, SPC granules were encapsulated by spraying a sodium silicate solution through a pneumatic nozzle over a fluidized layer of granules. Encapsulated SPC samples with the coating content of 5, 8, 10 and 13% of the mass of the initial product were obtained. The dissolution kinetics of the obtained capsules under static and dynamic conditions was studied. At the relative coating mass of 5, 8, 10 and 13%, the dissolution time under dynamic conditions comprised 10, 14, 19 and 30 min, respectively. In order to predict the release of the active component from encapsulated SPC under the conditions different from those used in the conducted experiments, a mathematical model of this process was obtained. For parametric identification of the mathematical model by solving an inverse problem, the value of the effective diffusion coefficient of SPC through the capsule was found to be 1·10-10 m2/s. The calculated and experimental values of SPC release from the encapsulated granules showed good agreement.
Investigation of adsorption equilibrium in the system of ammonium ions and a calcined sorbent from ash and slag waste of thermal power plants
Authors: Korotkova T. G. , Zakolyukina A. M. , Bushumov S. A.
Published: July 2023

A calcined sorbent from ash and slag waste of thermal power plants was used for water purification from ammonium ions. Experiments were carried out under static conditions at a temperature of 25±2 °С. The concentration of ammonium ions in the solution was measured by the spectrophotometric method according to the established graduation characteristic tested for convergence and correctness. The sorption process was studied at a sorbent dose of 1.0 g per 50 cm3 of the model solution taking the specific pore volume of the sorbent into account. For a solution with an ammonium ion content of 20 mg/dm3, the following modifications were carried out: the frequency of magnetic stirrer rotation was varied from 50 to 500 rpm; the pH of the solution – from 4 to 9; and the time to equilibrium – from 10 to 210 min. The time to equilibrium was 180 min. The effect of initial concentration of ammonium ions (2.0; 5.0; 20; 50 and 100 mg/dm3) in the solution on the adsorption process was studied under optimal sorption parameters. The adsorption equilibrium in the “ammonium ions–calcined sorbent” system was studied for the initial concentration of ammonium ions from 5 to 300 mg/dm3. Experimental data were processed using Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption isotherms. The maximum value of adsorption comprised 1.1251 mg/g. The experimental data were found to agree with the Langmuir theory. To describe the adsorption kinetics, the parameters of pseudo-first and pseudo-second order equations were determined. The highest convergence between the experimental and calculated data was achieved by the pseudo-first order model.
Changes in structural units in dough and bread from wheat flour with the addition of pumpkin cellulose in combination with phospholipids
Authors: Shevchenko Anastasiia , Litvynchuk Svitlana , Drobot Vira
Published: July 2023

Unfavorable ecological and food security situation in the world causes frequent spread of diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. In particular, the number of cases of irritable bowel syndrome is increasing, especially among the young working population. Diet therapy, which includes increasing the amount of dietary fiber in combination with phospholipids, is effective for the prevention of these diseases. A perspective raw material with a high content of dietary fibers is pumpkin cellulose, which can be added to the recipe of bakery products instead of part of wheat flour. The aim of the work was to find the effect of pumpkin cellulose in combination with sunflower lecithin on the conformational changes of the structure of dough and bread from wheat flour and the completeness of assimilation of products with this raw material by the organism. It was established that the infrared spectra of wheat flour, pumpkin cellulose and sunflower lecithin differ in reflection intensity and character. In the process of dough fermentation, the conformational transformations deepened with an increase in the amount of replacement of wheat flour with pumpkin cellulose, and the reflection coefficient increased. For bread samples, the reflectance coefficient was lower compared to dough, but there were almost no differences in the location of the spectra. In general, the biological value of samples of bread with additives was lower than the control sample, however, the high content of dietary fibers in pumpkin cellulose makes it a promising raw material for enriching bakery products with a valuable nutrient and giving bread health properties. The rational amount of replacing wheat flour with pumpkin cellulose is no more than 7 %, taking into account the decrease in the biological value of bread with this raw material
DİYALİZ TEDAVİSİ MALİYETLERİNİN KARŞILAŞTIRILMASI
Authors: BANKUR Mutlu , AĞIRBAŞ İsmail
Published: July 2023

Sağlık insanlık için diğer bütün göstergelerden daha öncelikli öneme sahiptir. Hayatta olmaktan sonra yaşamın gereklerini yerine getirebilmek için öncelikli ve olmazsa olmaz olgu sağlıktır. Günümüzde insanların yitirmiş oldukları sağlıklarına kavuşabilmek için yaptıkları sağlık harcamaları sürekli bir artış göstermektedir. Kronik hastalıklar genellikle yavaş ilerleyen, düzenli ve sürekli tedavi, bakım ve izlem gerektiren uzun dönem sağlık sorunlarıdır.

Kronik Böbrek Hastalığı Türkiye’de ve dünyada sürekli artış gösteren önemli bir sağlık sorunudur. Hastalığın artan sıklığı, yaşam kalitesini önemli bir seviyede etkilemesi, farkındalığının toplum tarafından oldukça düşük olması ve tedavisinin son derece yüksek maliyetler içermesi nedeniyle toplumsal yükü büyük olan bir hastalıktır.

Bu çalışmada; Türkiye’de son dönem böbrek yetmezliğinde uygulanan renal replasman tedavisi yöntemlerinden merkez hemodiyalizi, ev hemodiyalizi ve periton diyalizinin doğrudan maliyetlerinin belirlenerek karşılaştırılması amaçlanmaktadır. Bu kapsamda geri ödeme kurumu perspektifi esas alınmış olup, Türkiye’de Sosyal Güvenlik Kurumunca diyaliz hastalarına yapılan tüm harcamalar ortaya konulmuştur. Çalışma verilerinin belirli bir dönemi kapsaması nedeniyle bu çalışma kesitsel türde bir çalışmadır.

Verilerin analiz edilmesinde farklı istatistiksel yöntemlerden faydalanılmış olup, öncelikle tanımlayıcı bulgular frekans analizi ve çeşitli grafikler aracılığıyla sunulmuştur.

Son dönme böbrek yetmezliği tedavisinde kullanılan diyailz tedavilerinin birbirlerine üstünlükleri noktasında literatürdeki çalışmalarda bir kesinlik bulunmamaktadır. Ancak çalışmada ev hemodiyalizi kişi başı ortalama maliyetinin diğer diyaliz türlerine göre düşük olarak saptanması ve aynı zamanda düşük hastaneye yatış sayıları nedeniyle tercih edilmelidir. Bu nedenle Sosyal Güvenlik Kurumunun bu uygulamanın yaygınlaştırılması için Sağlık Uygulama Tebliğinde teşvik edici düzenlemeler yapması uygun olabilir.
Ruling out QCD phase transition as a PBH origin of LIGO/Virgo events
Authors: Iguaz Juan Joaquim
Published: July 2023

The best-motivated scenario for a sizable primordial black hole (PBH) contribution to the LIGO/Virgo binary black hole mergers invokes the QCD phase transition, which naturally enhances the probability to form PBH with masses of stellar scale. We reconsider the expected mass function assuming a CMB-like primordial spectrum and associated not only to the QCD phase transition proper, but also the e^{+}e^{-}e+e− annihilation process, and analyze the constraints on this scenario from a number of observations. We find that the scenario is not viable, unless an ad hoc mass evolution for the PBH mass function and a cutoff in power-spectrum very close to the QCD scale are introduced by hand.
BLENDED LEARNING APPROACH PROMOTES THE APPLICATIONIN ORTHOPEDICS, A MIXED PROSPECTIVE STUDY
Authors:   Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Bisha, Bisha, Saudi Arabia., M. Aboregela Adel , Khired Zenat ,   Orthopedics Department, College of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia., Alghamdi Mushabab ,   Internal Medicine Department, College of Medicine, University of Bisha, Bisha, Saudi Arabia., Al Ameer Ahmed ,   Surgery Department, College of Medicine, University of Bisha, Bisha, Saudi Arabia., Al Amri Sultan ,   Surgery Department, College of Medicine, University of Bisha, Bisha, Saudi Arabia., Alqarny Mohammed ,   Surgery Department, College of Medicine, University of Bisha, Bisha, Saudi Arabia., Alrefaie Zienab ,   Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,   Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
Published: July 2023

Objectives: Blended learning is a combination of online and face-to-face teaching. The current study aimed to assess the impact of a blended approach on perceptionsand achievements in orthopedics. Methods: The online component of the developed blended course comprises lectures, discussion forums, demonstrative videos, scenarios, discussion panels, and illustrated atlases. In college, activities included hands-on and bedside teaching sessions. Hybrid activities such as team-based learning, case-based learning, and seminars were included. Case discussions and roleplays were conducted as assignments. Students perceptions were identified through the survey and focus groups, while tutors opinions were expressed through personal interviews. A comparison between students achievements after the blending and that of the previous year taught in traditional form was carried out. Results: A high degree of student satisfaction, enthusiasm, and interest in the blended course was identified students recommended its use in other courses and showed appreciation for how the tutors conducted it. Tutors revealed acceptance towards blending and suggested some modifications. There was a significant improvement in students achievements in the Objective-structured-practical and Objective-structured-clinical examinations (p= 0.0005 and 0.0011) compared to the previous year, with no difference in MCQ achievements. Conclusion: It can be concluded that the blended approach enhanced students skills and enthusiasm in orthopedics.
PINDBORG TUMOR PRESENTING IN EARLY ADOLESCENT- A RARE CASE REPORT
Authors: K. Aishwarya , L. Lima , S.M Nayana , Shetty Nandesh
Published: July 2023

As infrequent as it may be, a calcifying odontogenic tumor As infrequent as it may be, a calcifying odontogenic tumor is more commonly seen in the late decades of life. It is a locally aggressive lesion that might interfere function by virtue of its expansile growth through the cortices of the involved jaw. This is a case report of Pindborg tumor in 11 year old male in the right mandibular body region and a rundown on the various investigations done and the final treatment plan adopted. A review of literature on the lesion and justification for the chosen treatment modality is included.