EVALUATION OF ANTIULCEROGENIC EFFECT OF CRYOCONSERVATED PLACENTA EXTRACT ON THE MODEL OF ETHANOL-PREDISONOLIC LESIONS OF THE GASTRIC MUCOSA
Authors: Koshurba I.V. , Hladkykh F.V. , Chyzh M.O. 
Published: July 2022

Relevance. Gastric and duodenal ulcers occur in 6-10% of the adult population, and mortality from peptic ulcers ranges from 5 to 15%. Conservative treatment of this disease almost always involves the use of antisecretory and antibacterial drugs. Existing treatment regimens for peptic ulcer disease, focused on key pathogenetic mechanisms, do not take into account the individual adaptive and trophological characteristics of patients. As a potential antiulcer agent, our attention was drawn to the cryopreserved placenta extract ("Cryocell-cryoextract placenta"). It eliminates the ulcerogenic effect of anti-inflammatory drugs of non-steroidal nature, without affecting their therapeutic efficacy.

Objective: to characterize the anti-ulcerogenic effect of therapeutic and prophylactic use of cryopreserved placenta extract in the model of alcohol-prednisolone gastric lesions in rats.

Methods. The study was performed on 28 male rats weighing 200-220 g. they were randomized into four groups: I (n = 7) – intact rats, II (n = 7) – control – rats with model pathology (alcohol-prednisolone gastric lesion) without treatment, III (n = 7) – rats with alcohol-prednisolone gastric lesions, which were injected with cryoextract placenta (0.16 ml / kg body weight, intramuscularly), IV (n = 7) – rats with alcohol-prednisolone gastric lesions, which were administered the reference drug esomeprazole, proton pump inhibitor (50 mg / kg , intragastric). Gastric lesions in rats were simulated by intragastric single administration of prednisolone (20 mg/kg) dissolved in 80.0% ethanol (0.6 ml/100 g body weight). Cryoextracts of the placenta were administered intravenously in a prophylactic mode – 1 time per day for 4 days before and 1 time 60 minutes after the introduction of ethanol-prednisolone mixture. In 24 h. after administration of the mixture, rats were removed from the experiment and the size of the stomach (bloating) and the presence of adhesions with adjacent organs were evaluated macroscopically by the following criteria: erosions and hemographies, hyperemia, edema and mucosal fold disorders. For each group, the percentage of experimental animals was calculated according to these characteristics and the average value of their severity. The values ​​of the ulcer index were calculated for each group.

Results. The study showed that the introduction of placental cryoexact as well as the reference drug esomeprazole led to a statistically significant (p<0.05) reduction of three times the prevalence of gastric ulcers in rats after administration of alcohol-prednisolone mixture. The use of placental cryoextract in the treatment-and-prophylactic regimen led to a statistically significant (p<0.05) decrease in the value of the ulcer index in 13 times relative to the control rats, and the average score of macroscopic assessment of gastric mucosa was 3.5 times lower and was 1.1±0.24 and 3.9±0.26, respectively. In animals treated with esomeprazole 2 times more moderate (2 [0.5; 3] points) hyperemia of the central nervous system (57.1% and 28.6%, respectively) and several times more moderate (2 [0; 2]). points) edema of the secondary school. In addition, edema of the central nervous system in rats administered esomeprazole led to a clear (3 [2; 3] points) violation of the folding of the central nervous system in 71.4% of rats. In contrast to the use of esomeprazole, placental cryoextract more significantly leveled the hyperemia induced by the introduction of alcohol-prednisolone mixture and edema of the gastric mucosa, which were observed in only 28.6% and 14.3% of rats, respectively.

Conclusions. Therapeutic and prophylactic use of placental cryoextract was accompanied by statistically significant (p <0.05) comparable to esomeprazole antiulcer efficacy in the model of ethanol-prednisolone gastric lesion and amounted to 92.3%.