bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effects of Different In-Stream Structure Representations in Computational Fluid Dynamics Models—Taking Engineered Log Jams (ELJ) as an Example
Authors: Xu Yuncheng , Liu Xiaofeng
Published: February 2017

In-streamstructurescontributegreatlytothebiodiversityinstreamsandplayanimportant role in restoring and protecting rivers. They usually have complex geometries. To evaluate their impact and effectiveness, computational models are increasingly used. However, how to faithfully represent them in computer models remains a challenge. Often, simpliﬁcations have to be made. This work evaluated the effects of geometric simpliﬁcation of an example in-stream structure, an engineered log jam (ELJ), in computational models. Three different representations were considered, namely full resolution, the porous media model and the solid barrier model. The turbulent ﬂow was resolved with large eddy simulation (LES). First, the simulations were validated with a physical experiment in a ﬂume. Then, the results from the three models were comparedandanalyzedonvariousaspectsrelatedtothestabilityandfunctionalitiesofthestructures. Unsurprisingly, it is found that the porous media model and the solid barrier model, which are computationally economic, can describe the ﬂow dynamics only to some extent. From the calibration ofdragforceandwakelength,wefoundthattheequivalentgrainsized50 intheporositymodelshould scale as the key element diameter for the simulated ELJ. A wake length scale analysis was performed for the semi-bounded ﬂow around this in-stream structure near the bank. The length estimator in the literature for unbounded vegetation patches can be used with modiﬁcations. The results also show that the ﬂow passing through the porous in-stream structure has a signiﬁcant impact on mean velocity, turbulence kinetic energy, sediment transport capacity and integral wake length. Since geometrically-fully-resolved simulations are not currently feasible for engineering practices, the following suggestions are made based on this study. If the near-ﬁeld and wake are important for the purpose of the structure, the well-calibrated porosity model seems to perform better than the solid barrier model. However, care needs to be taken when interpreting the results because this work also identiﬁed substantial loss of physical information with the porosity model. When the emphasis is the far ﬁeld away from the structure, both the porosity model and the solid barrier model give comparable results
Performance of Denitrifying Bioreactors at Reducing Agricultural Nitrogen Pollution in a Humid Subtropical Coastal Plain Climate
Authors: Rosen Timothy , Christianson Laura
Published: February 2017

Denitrifying bioreactors are an agricultural best management practice developed in the midwestern United States to treat agricultural drainage water enriched with nitrate‐nitrogen (NO3N). The practice is spreading rapidly to agricultural regions with poor water quality due to nutrient enrichment. This makes it imperative to track bioreactor NO3‐N reduction efficiency as this practice gets deployed to new regions. This study evaluated the application and performance of denitrifying bioreactors in the humid subtropical coastal plain environment of the Chesapeake Bay catchment to provide data about regionally specific NO3‐N reduction efficiencies. NO3‐N samples were taken before and after treatment at three denitrifying bioreactors, in addition to other nutrients (orthophosphate‐phosphorus, PO4‐P; ammonium‐nitrogen, NH4‐N; total nitrogen, TN; total phosphorus, TP) and water quality parameters (dissolved oxygen, DO; oxidation reduction potential, ORP; pH; specific conductance, SPC). Total removal ranged drastically between bioreactors from 10 to 133 kg N, with removal efficiencies of 9.0% to 62% and N removal rates of 0.21 to 5.36 g N removed per m3 of bioreactor per day. As the first bioreactor study in the humid subtropical coastal plain, this data provides positive proof of concept that denitrifying bioreactor is another tool for reducing N loads in agricultural tile drainage in this region.
Hydrologic Response of Climate Change in the Source Region of the Yangtze River, Based on Water Balance Analysis
Authors: Du Yiheng , Berndtsson Ronny , An Dong , Zhang Linus , Hao Zhenchun , Yuan Feifei
Published: February 2017

Due to the large amount of water resources stored in glaciers, permafrost, and lakes, the source region of the Yangtze River (SRYR) is of great importance for the overall basin water flow. For this purpose, a state of art review and calculations were made for the period 1957–2013 using observed hydrological and meteorological data with a water balance approach. Actual evapotranspiration was calculated and validated by empirical formulas. Water storage change analysis was conducted with uncertainty boundaries using a 10-year moving window. Results show that temperature, precipitation, and actual evapotranspiration in the SRYR increased by 0.34 °C, 11.4 mm, and 7.6 mm per decade, respectively (significant at 0.05 probability level). Runoff appears to have increased at a rate of 3.3 mm per decade. The SRYR water storage in total has not changed significantly during the period, although the moving average is mostly below zero. Based on the water balance equation, the increase in calculated evapotranspiration is mainly due to the significantly increasing temperature. This in combination with increasing precipitation leads to a relatively stable water storage during the study period. Correlation analyses show that precipitation dominates runoff during the warm season (May to October), while temperature anomalies dominate the runoff during the cold season (November to April). The influence of temperature on runoff seems to enhance during the winter period.
Maximizing Infiltration Rates by Removing Suspended Solids: Results of Demonstration Testing of Riverbed Filtration in Orange County, California †
Authors: Hutchinson Adam , Rodriguez Grisel , Woodside Greg , Milczarek Mike
Published: February 2017

Clogging due to the accumulation of suspended solids is a major constraint that limits the capacity of Orange County Water District’s (OCWD) surface water recharge system. In order to decrease clogging and increase system capacity, OCWD is testing the ability of riverbed filtration to reduce suspended solids concentrations and improve recharge rates. Riverbed filtration is achieved through a shallow subsurface collector system placed approximately one meter below the surface. Filtered water from the collector system is conveyed by gravity to the receiving recharge basin. Initial results show that riverbed filtration is highly effective in removing suspended solids in the recharge water, which in turn also greatly increases the recharge capacity of the receiving basin. Some other water quality benefits are also achieved. Data collected thus far indicate that it will be cost-effective to use this approach at a larger scale to capture and recharge increased quantities of storm flow obtained from the Santa Ana River.
From Surface Flow Velocity Measurements to Discharge Assessment by the Entropy Theory
Authors: Moramarco Tommaso , Barbetta Silvia , Tarpanelli Angelica
Published: February 2017

A new methodology for estimating the discharge starting from the monitoring of surface flow velocity, usurf, is proposed. The approach, based on the entropy theory, involves the actual location of maximum flow velocity, umax, which may occur below the water surface (dip phenomena), affecting the shape of velocity profile. The method identifies the two-dimensional velocity distribution in the cross-sectional flow area, just sampling usurf and applying an iterative procedure to estimate both the dip and umax. Five gage sites, for which a large velocity dataset is available, are used as a case study. Results show that the method is accurate in simulating the depth-averaged velocities along the verticals and the mean flow velocity with an error, on average, lower than 12% and 6%, respectively. The comparison with the velocity index method for the estimation of the mean flow velocity using the measured usurf, demonstrates that the method proposed here is more accurate mainly for rivers with a lower aspect ratio where secondary currents are expected. Moreover, the dip assessment is found more representative of the actual location of maximum flow velocity with respect to the one estimated by a different entropy approach. In terms of discharge, the errors do not exceed 3% for high floods, showing the good potentiality of the method to be used for the monitoring of these events.
Archiearis tourangini Sand, nouvelle espèce distincte d'Archiearis notha Hübner
Authors: Bérard Roland
Published: February 2017

Description d' Archiearis tourangini Sand, nouvelle espèce de Geometridae Archiearinae séparée de A. notha Hubner
Distribution de la matière organique particulaire (M.O.P.) et de la faune invertébrée au niveau des milieux aquatiques interstitiels du bassin du Sebou (Maroc central)
Authors: Naamane Badreddine , Chergui Hassan , Pattée Eric
Published: February 2017

L'organisation des peuplements interstitiels dans le sous-écoulement de trois cours d'eau de la région de Fès (le Sebou, le Sidi Harazem et Ain Chkef) est étudiée à l'aide de substrats artificiels enfouis dans le sédiment à trois profondeurs -10, -30 et -50 cm, en relation avec les apports de matière organique particulaire et les caractéristiques hydrogéomorphologiques des cours d'eau.

Dans le Sebou (principal cours d'eau de la région) les apports allochtones sont très faibles et la végétation riveraine est presque inexistante. Le sous-écoulement héberge un peuplement interstitiel pauvre. A Sidi Harazem (ruisseau issu d'une source chaude), les berges sont abruptes et boisées avec beaucoup d'arbres et arbustes riverains. La matière organique particulaire est très abondante. Le peuplement interstitiel est très riche en espèces et caractérisé par une très nette dominance des brouteurs, des racleurs et des dilacérateurs de grosses particules. A Aïn Chkef (source froide), le peuplement interstitiel est très largement dominé par les collecteurs de fines particules, principalement des crustacés Ostracodes. Les observations réalisées sur l'organisation des peuplements aquatiques souterrains et la distribution de la matière organique particulaire des sous-écoulements montrent que :

— La répartition de la matière organique particulaire dans les alluvions diminue généralement avec la profondeur. Son abondance dépend de la saison et de la station.

— L'évolution spatio-temporelle des peuplements aquatiques souterrains semble cependant ne pas dépendre uniquement de celle de la matière organique particulaire. Des décalages et des discordances sont souvent notés au niveau de l'évolution de ces deux composantes. Il n'y a de corrélation entre poids des matières organiques et biomasse des invertébrés qu'à Aïn Chkef.
Addendum à un article récent sur le genre Brachyllus Brenske (Coleoptera, Scarabaeoidea, Melolonthidae)
Authors: Keith Denis
Published: February 2017

La synonymie Brachyllus gressitti Frey, 1971 = B. desalvazai Sabatinelli et Pontuale, 1997 est proposée.
Basidiomycètes Aphyllophorales de l'Ile de La Réunion. XIX : le genre Epithele (Pat.) Pat. 1900.
Authors: Boidin Jacques , Gilles Gérard
Published: February 2017

Deux espèces nouvelles sont proposées : Epithele bisterigmata et E. philippiae ; une clé des corticiés épithéloïdes du monde est présentée.
Notes synonymiques sur quelques Phytoeciini paléarctiques (Coleoptera Cerambycidae)
Authors: Sudre Jérôme
Published: February 2017

Mise en synonymie de quatre espèces de Phytoeciini décrites par S. Breuning : Phytoecia malachitica Lucas 1849 = P. hispanica Breuning 1951 et Phytoecia hirsutula Frôlich 1793 = P. moreana Breuning 1943 = P. ciliciae Breuning 1951 = Oxylia androsensis Breuning 1963
Deuxième contribution à la connaissance des longicornes (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae) de l'île de Mayotte (archipel des Comores) et capture d'un Cupedidae (Coleoptera, Archostemata) sur cette île
Authors: Sudre Jérôme , Téocchi Pierre
Published: February 2017

Suite à une précédente note (Sudre et Téocchi, 1996) il nous a semblé opportun de signaler de nouvelles espèces pour l'île de Mayotte, et de préciser la répartition d'autres. Par ailleurs nous en profitons pour rectifier une erreur concernant la plante hôte sur laquelle a été trouvée une des espèces en 1996, enfin nous signalons la capture d'un Cupedidae.
Caldesia parnassifolia (L.) Parl, dans la plaine du Forez (Loire)
Authors: Galtier Justin , Guillerme Nicolas , Maret Gérard
Published: February 2017

Les étangs de la plaine du Forez (Loire) constituent une zone humide d'importance nationale. La découverte de la Caldésie à feuilles de Parnassie, espèce rare et emblématique de ce type de milieux, vient confirmer l'intérêt de cette zone. Cet article présente ce taxon protégé et les conditions de son observation en plaine du Forez.
Sur les genres Panotrogus Reitter, 1902 et Pseudopanotrogus Petrovitz, 1969. Présence de Brahmina glabellus Nikolajev et Kabakov, 1980 au Pakistan (Coleoptera Melolonthidae)
Authors: Keith Denis
Published: February 2017

Transfert du taxon nepalensis Frey, décrit à l'origine dans le genre Panotrogus Reitter, au genre Pseudopanotrogus Petrovitz. Description de deux nouvelles espèces du Pakistan : Panotrogus heinzi et P. kliri et une d'Inde : Panotrogus inexpectatus. Première citation de Brahmina glabellus Nikolajev et Kabakov du Pakistan.
Géologie de la «Pierre Dorée » des Monts d'Or et du Beaujolais (Rhône, France)
Authors: Rousselle Bruno
Published: February 2017

Une récente étude des structures sédimentaires de la pierre dorée des Monts d'Or et du Beaujolais (Rhône, France) a permis de préciser la nature et l'évolution du milieu de dépôt de cette série calcaire de l'Aalénien (Jurassique moyen) [Rousselle, 1997]. Cette région était située à l'époque au cœur d'une plate-forme sous-marine peu profonde où les sédiments calcaires, issus majoritairement de colonies de crinoïdes, étaient transportés et distribués par des courants de tempête et de marée. Les organismes fossiles témoignent d'un environnement aux accents tropicaux. La succession verticale des faciès de dépôt révèle l'existence d'alternances répétées des dynamiques de marée et de tempête, de variations de la profondeur d'eau et de crises de la production calcaire. Ces phénomènes sont en grande partie attribuables à des événements géodynamiques régionaux, notamment des mouvements tectoniques, mais aussi globaux, qui changent à de nombreuses reprises la géographie de la plate-forme au cours de l'Aalénien.

Mots clés. -Plate-forme sous-marine, courants sous-marins, tempêtes, marées, mouvements tectoniques, crises sédimentaires, sédiments calcaires, crinoïdes et entroques, Aalénien, Jurassique moyen, Monts d'Or et Beaujolais, Rhône, France.
Tanacetum macrophyllum (Waldst. et Kit.) Schultz Bip. (Asteraceae), plante nouvelle pour la France, dans le massif du Mont Pilat
Authors: Delaigue Jacques
Published: February 2017

Tanacetum macrophyllum (Waldst. et Kit.) Schultz Bip. est une plante d'origine pontique. Comme bien d'autres plantes, elle s'est répandue çà et là en quelques pays d'Europe, selon des processus variés. Inconnue des Flores de France, elle a été récemment découverte en deux stations voisines dans le secteur du Pilât (Massif Central, France).

L'auteur expose les difficultés de son identification, décrit la plante, discute de ses modalités d'implantation, étudie son biotope, et, la considérant comme bien «naturalisée », demande pour elle des mesures de protection adéquates.
Cardiophorus castillanus du Buysson, 1902 (Coleoptera Elateridae), espèce nouvelle pour la faune de France
Authors: Leseigneur Lucien
Published: February 2017

Cardiophorus vestigialis Buysson, espèce connue d'Espagne, d'Italie et du Maroc, a été récemment découverte dans le département des Pyrénées-Orientales. Cette espèce doit être ajoutée à la liste des coléoptères Elateridae de la faune de France continentale.
Un nouveau Phaeochroops Candèze d'Inde du Nord (Col. Scarabaeoidea Hybosoridae)
Authors: Keith Denis
Published: February 2017

Description de Phaeochroops meghalayicus n. sp. d'Inde du Nord-Est.
Brachyllus itohi, nouvelle espèce du Vietnam (Coleoptera Scarabaeoidea Melolonthidae)
Authors: Keith Denis
Published: February 2017

Description de Brachyllus itohi n. sp. du Vietnam.
Contribution à l'étude systématique et écologique des micromycètes parasites des plantes sauvages des Alpes françaises (neuvième note). Récoltes du département de la Haute-Savoie et de quelques autres des Alpes Françaises, Valaisannes et Valdôtaines
Authors: Pellicier Philippe
Published: February 2017

58 espèces sont présentées parmi lesquelles 1 Péronosporale, 1 Ascomycète, 44 Basidiomycètes parmi lesquels 2 Ustilaginales et 41 Urédinales (20 Puccinia ), 1 Exobasidiales, et 12 Deutéromycètes ("Fungi imperfecti" ou Champignons Imparfaits). Parmi lesquels 3 Hyphomycètes, 3 Mélanconiales et 6 Sphaeropsidales. Parmi les raretés nous avons 3 espèces nouvelles pour la France, 7 espèces rares pour la France (récoltées moins de 5 fois) et 1 1 espèces nouvelles pour le département de la Haute-Savoie.
Evaluation and comparison of FTA card and CTAB DNA extraction methods for non‐agricultural taxa
Authors: Siegel Chloe S. , Stevenson Florence O. , Zimmer Elizabeth A.
Published: February 2017

Premise of the study:

An efficient, effective DNA extraction method is necessary for comprehensive analysis of plant genomes. This study analyzed the quality of DNA obtained using paper FTA cards prepared directly in the field when compared to the more traditional cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB)–based extraction methods from silica‐dried samples.

Methods:

DNA was extracted using FTA cards according to the manufacturer's protocol. In parallel, CTAB‐based extractions were done using the automated AutoGen DNA isolation system. DNA quality for both methods was determined for 15 non‐agricultural species collected in situ, by gel separation, spectrophotometry, fluorometry, and successful amplification and sequencing of nuclear and chloroplast gene markers.

Results:

The FTA card extraction method yielded less concentrated, but also less fragmented samples than the CTAB‐based technique. The card‐extracted samples provided DNA that could be successfully amplified and sequenced. The FTA cards are also useful because the collected samples do not require refrigeration, extensive laboratory expertise, or as many hazardous chemicals as extractions using the CTAB‐based technique.

Discussion:

The relative success of the FTA card method in our study suggested that this method could be a valuable tool for studies in plant population genetics and conservation biology that may involve screening of hundreds of individual plants. The FTA cards, like the silica gel samples, do not contain plant material capable of propagation, and therefore do not require permits from the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS) for transportation.
Intra-arterial treatment for acute ischemic stroke: a meta-analysis
Authors: Lakhan Shaheen E , Walther McClellan M , Morganstein David R , Nguyen Truc
Published: February 2017

Objective: To assess the potential benefit of treating patients with acute ischemic stroke using intra-arterial methods.

Methods: A meta-analysis of published randomized controlled trials that compared standard therapy with intravenous tissue plasminogen activator (IVtPA) for thrombolysis to intra-arterial therapies in patients with acute stroke was performed. All studies reported were analyzed as one group and studies documenting patients with large vessel obstruction were analyzed as a second group. The standardized mean difference (SMD) and the odds ratio (OR) of the dichotomized outcomes of Modified Rankin Scale (mRS) of these trials was calculated.

Results: Nine trials were identified with 2,711 patients treated. Meta-analysis of all studies, with and without large vessel obstruction documented, showed a significant benefit with intra-arterial therapy (SMD: 0.22 + 0.041; P=0.003). The dichotomized outcomes of mRS of these trials showed significant improvement (OR: 1.66 -2.43 in four of the five treatment arm groups examined). Meta-analysis of all publications with large vessel obstruction documented as an entry criteria showed a greater significant benefit with intra-arterial therapy (SMD: 0.35 + 0.05; P<0.001). The dichotomized outcomes of mRS of these trials showed significant improvement (OR: 1.36 -2.38 in all five treatment arm groups examined). Some heterogeneity was observed between studies.

Conclusion: Treatment of patients with acute ischemic stroke was associated with improved outcomes as measured by mRS. Patient selection, standard treatment, and study treatment factors contributed to the statistical evaluation of inter study heterogeneity and may have contributed to different study outcomes.
The Intermediate r-process in Core-collapse Supernovae Driven by the Magneto-rotational Instability
Authors: Nishimura (西村信哉) N. , Sawai (澤井秀朋) H. , Takiwaki (滝脇知也) T. , Yamada (山田章一) S. , Thielemann F.-K.
Published: February 2017

We investigated r-process nucleosynthesis in magneto-rotational supernovae, based on a new explosion mechanism induced by the magneto-rotational instability (MRI). A series of axisymmetric magneto-hydrodynamical simulations with detailed microphysics including neutrino heating is performed, numerically resolving the MRI. Neutrino-heating dominated explosions, enhanced by magnetic fields, showed mildly neutron-rich ejecta producing nuclei up to

(i.e., the weak r-process), while explosion models with stronger magnetic fields reproduce a solar-like r-process pattern. More commonly seen abundance patterns in our models are in between the weak and regular r-process, producing lighter and intermediate-mass nuclei. These intermediate r-processes exhibit a variety of abundance distributions, compatible with several abundance patterns in r-process-enhanced metal-poor stars. The amount of Eu ejecta

in magnetically driven jets agrees with predicted values in the chemical evolution of early galaxies. In contrast, neutrino-heating dominated explosions have a significant amount of Fe (

) and Zn, comparable to regular supernovae and hypernovae, respectively. These results indicate magneto-rotational supernovae can produce a wide range of heavy nuclei from iron-group to r-process elements, depending on the explosion dynamics.
Cerebrospinal Fluid Viral Load and Neopterin in HIV-Positive Patients with Undetectable Viraemia
Authors: Motta Ilaria , Allice Tiziano , Romito Alessandra , Ferrara Micol , Ecclesia Sara , Imperiale Daniele , Ghisetti Valeria , Di Perri Giovanni , Bonora Stefano , Calcagno Andrea
Published: February 2017

Background

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) HIV RNA is commonly used as a marker of compartmental antiviral activity in HIV-positive patients. Undetectable CSF HIV RNA levels have been associated with low CSF neopterin levels and better neurocognitive performances. The aim of this study was to analyse the prevalence and predictors of non-detectable CSF HIV RNA using a commercial assay.

Methods

In adult HIV-positive HAART-treated patients with confirmed plasma HIV RNA <50 copies/ml, CSF HIV RNA (with Roche Amplicor Assay) and neopterin were measured.

Results

112 adult patients were included. Plasma and CSF HIV RNA were non-detectable (target not detected [TND]) in 29 (25.9%) and 36 (32.1%) patients, respectively. CSF TND was observed more frequently in patients with plasma TND ( P=0.005, OR=3.87). CSF neopterin levels were associated with age (rho =0.333, P=0.002) and current (rho= -0.272, P=0.015) and nadir (rho =-0.240, P=0.038) CD4+ T-lymphocytes; the lowest CSF neopterin concentration was observed in patients with CSF TND versus other viral load strata (0.62 mg/dl versus 0.78 mg/dl; P=0.048).

Conclusions

Efficaciously treated HIV-positive patients with detectable plasma HIV RNA might imperfectly control CSF viral replication. Prospective studies addressing the management and neurocognitive consequences of CSF low-level viraemia are warranted.
Evaluation of the ecosystem services approach in agricultural literature
Authors: Schmidt Martin , Weißhuhn Peter , Augustin Jürgen , Funk Roger , Häfner Kati , König Hannes , Loft Lasse , Merz Christoph , Meyer Claas , Piorr Annette , Reutter Michaela , Stachow Ulrich , Stein-Bachinger Karin , Matzdorf Bettina
Published: February 2017

The ecosystem services approach is increasingly used in scientific literature all over the world. Originally the concept was proposed for natural or semi-natural ecosystems. However, for some years the approach is also used in literature related to agriculture. While ecosystems under agricultural management provide important services, the management also has negative environmental effects and consumes certain ecosystem services. This raises the question in what relation and to which extent the ecosystem services approach is applied in agricultural research. Moreover, it is interesting where and on what scale studies were conducted.

The purpose of this literature data article is to give an open accessible database to analyse ecosystem services indexed literature with an agricultural context. It gives an overview on i) the assimilation of the ecosystem services concept across several scientific disciplines that deal with agriculture, ii) the scale and regions of studies. Further, we evaluated iii) how the relation of agriculture to ecosystem services is conceptualised.

This database enables potential users to get better insights into the application of the ecosystem services approach on agricultural research questions and whether new or different findings can be generated in comparison to conventional disciplinary research.
Seasonal Influence on the Risk of Relapse at a Rise of Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibodies in Vasculitis Patients with Renal Involvement
Authors: Kemna Michael J. , Cohen Tervaert Jan Willem , Broen Kelly , Timmermans Sjoerd A.M.E.G. , van Paassen Pieter , Damoiseaux Jan G.M.C.
Published: February 2017

Objective.

The objective of this study was to identify risk factors for a relapse at the time of an increase in antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA) in patients with renal ANCA-associated vasculitis (AAV).

Methods.

All patients between January 2000 and November 2011 with renal AAV having an ANCA rise during remission were included. Differences in time to relapse since the ANCA rise were assessed using a Cox regression model. The level of 25-hydroxy Vitamin D (25(OH)D) was assessed at the ANCA rise and at a subsequent relapse or time-matched during remission.

Results.

Sixty patients had an ANCA rise, of whom 36 patients relapsed. Three risk factors were associated with a relapse at the time of the ANCA increase: previous disease activity not treated with cyclophosphamide or rituximab (HR 3.48, 95% CI 1.60–7.59), an ANCA rise during the fall season (HR 4.37, 95% CI 1.60–11.90), and an extended ANCA rise (HR 3.57, 95% CI 1.50–8.48). Levels of 25(OH)D significantly decreased during followup in relapsing patients, but not in patients who remained in remission (difference −6.3 ± 14.4, p = 0.017 vs 2.7 ± 16.3, p = 0.430).

Conclusion.

ANCA rises occurring during the fall season are more frequently followed by a relapse than ANCA rises occurring during other seasons. Although it is tempting to speculate that decreasing Vitamin D levels following the ANCA rise can be held responsible for the subsequent relapse, this remains to be determined.
Regards français sur la genèse d’un dialogue interrégional, l’ASEM (Asia Europe Meeting)
Authors: Badel Laurence
Published: February 2017

Le 1er mars 1996, le Sommet de Bangkok lance le processus du Dialogue Asie-Europe (Asia Europe Meeting, ASEM) issu à la fois du rapprochement de longue durée de la Communauté européenne avec l’Asie du Sud-Est dans les années 1970 et de la conjoncture de la fin de la Guerre froide. Il permet à certains dirigeants asiatiques d’affirmer une identité asiatique fondée sur des normes politiques, économiques et sociales endogènes et aux dirigeants européens de répondre aux accusations de protectionnisme portées contre la « Forteresse Europe ». Ni organisation internationale, ni structure-cadre de négociation, l’ASEM revendique un caractère sui generis qui n’est pas sans rappeler la novation qu’avait constitué en son temps le format de la CSCE. L’enjeu est ici de conjuguer l’approche de l’« ASEAN Way » en matière de négociation avec les « valeurs et coutumes européennes ».
L’ASEM : le début d’un (mini-)pivot européen vers l’Asie-Pacifique ?
Authors: Lechervy Christian
Published: February 2017

Conçu comme devant être « LA » plateforme de dialogue Europe – Asie, l’ASEM est un forum des relations bilatérales parmi bien d’autres. L’ASEAN en demeure un des pivots même si numériquement les États membres de l’Association ne représentent plus qu’un membre asiatique sur deux. Élargi au-delà de l’Union Européenne à l’Ouest et de l’« ASEAN + 3 » à l’Est, l’ASEM recherche encore sa configuration géographique optimale. Doit-elle s’ouvrir à de nouveaux partenaires en Asie centrale, en Asie du Sud, parmi les États insulaires du Pacifique ou encore vers les cinq États des Balkans occidentaux non-membres de l’Union européenne ? En développant une vision « continentale » des relations euro-asiatiques, l’ASEM et ses États membres européens seront mieux à même de définir leurs attentes vis-à-vis de la Chine, des États-Unis et des autres institutions trans-asiatiques (APEC, EAS...).
« La fin des chasses gardées » : l’Alliance atlantique et la « guerre froide latino-américaine » (1959-1973)
Authors: Pedemonte Rafael
Published: February 2017

La Guerre froide ne s’est pas exprimée de manière homogène sur l’ensemble de la planète. Si certains pays du Tiers monde semblent émerger sur la scène internationale après la conférence de Bandoeng (1955), l’insertion définitive de l’Amérique latine dans la logique Est-Ouest ne survient qu’après la révolution cubaine. L’OTAN réagit au virage à gauche du régime castriste et met en place en 1961 un groupe d’experts destiné à évaluer la situation latino-américaine. Les rapports biannuels de ce comité montrent que l’action de La Havane ainsi que la présence croissante de l’URSS et de la Chine inquiètent profondément les autorités. Les craintes envers Cuba entraînent aussi un intérêt spécial à l’égard d’autres pays, notamment le Chili, où le pouvoir instaure un projet « marxiste démocratique » en 1970. Loin de créer un consensus, ces questions font l’objet de débats et reflètent les divergences stratégiques des pays occidentaux – notamment le Royaume-Uni et la Belgique – qui ne partagent pas toujours la ligne dure de Washington.
Comunicação no relacionamento interpessoal enfermeiro/paciente com indicação de transplante renal / Communication in the interpersonal relationship nurse/patient with an indication for kidney transplant
Authors: Oliveira Adriana Maria de , Soares Enedina
Published: February 2017

Trata-se de estudo de campo, descritivo, com abordagem qualitativa direcionada aos pacientes em processo hemodialítico com indicação de transplante renal. Seu objeto é a comunicação entre enfermeiro e paciente em processo hemodialítico, com vistas ao transplante, delineando os seguintes objetivos: verificar o direcionamento do paciente ao procedimento cirúrgico; averiguar as orientações realizadas no pré-operatório mediato; e discutir a importância da comunicação enfermeiro/paciente. A técnica para coleta de dados foi entrevista semiestruturada, na qual foi utilizado um roteiro pré-determinado, subdividido, com questões relativas ao objeto de estudo. Os dados foram analisados por meio de análise temática de conteúdo, resultando em quatro categorias: Encaminhamento para o Transplante Renal, com a subcategoria Estrutura da Instituição para o Transplante; Orientação para o Transplante e a subcategoria Interesse do Paciente para o Transplante; Responsabilidade do Enfermeiro no Processo da Comunicação; e Importância da Comunicação Enfermeiro/Paciente. Os resultados apontam os aspectos estruturais para o processo da comunicação com o paciente em hemodiálise com vistas ao transplante, apreendendo todos os seus significados e processos envolvidos. Evidenciou-se a necessidade de maior desenvolvimento da comunicação para a prática de enfermagem, considerada uma importante ferramenta no preparo do paciente na fase do pré-operatório, no fortalecimento do relacionamento interpessoal e no sucesso das ações educativas realizadas pelo enfermeiro com aqueles que se encontram sob seus cuidados.
Processo de concepção de uma tecnologia para o cuidado em enfermagem e saúde / Design process of a technology for the care in nursing and health
Authors: Moura Denise Cristina Alves de , Alvarenga-Martins Nathália , Resende Thaís Mendonça , Parreira Pedro Miguel Santos Dinis , Arreguy-Sena Cristina , Greco Rosângela Maria
Published: February 2017

Trata-se de um relato de experiência que aborda a vivência de alunas do curso de pós-graduação Mestrado em Enfermagem na disciplina Tecnologia em Saúde e em Enfermagem. Este estudo teve como objetivo descrever o processo de concepção de uma tecnologia para o cuidado em enfermagem e saúde. As alunas, estimuladas a associar o uso da tecnologia para solucionar um problema de enfermagem, apresentaram a ideia de aprimorar o modelo de carro-maca existente no mercado, uma vez que o produto atual apresenta vários riscos para os profissionais que o manuseiam, como também para os pacientes transportados. A proposta possibilita reduzir o absenteísmo laboral por motivo de lesões ergonômicas e proporcionar conforto e segurança ao usuário. A abordagem do empreendedorismo como disciplina dentro da academia proporcionou ampliar horizontes durante a formação no mestrado das alunas que, enquanto futuras docentes, estão conscientes da capacidade do empreendedorismo e do uso da tecnologia para propiciar mudanças no cenário na enfermagem.
 Segurança do paciente: embalagens, acondicionamento e tempo de guarda de materiais esterilizados na Atenção Básica / Safety: packages, packing and storage period of sterilized materials in Primary Care
Authors: Reisdorfer Nara , Araujo Graciela Machado de , Silva Luiz Anildo Anacleto da , Santos Adriane Marines dos , Soder Rafael Marcelo
Published: February 2017

As unidades básicas de saúde possuem grande demanda de procedimentos médicos, de enfermagem e odontológicos, dos quais dependem a segurança da assistência e do paciente. O objetivo deste estudo foi compreender como enfermeiros, técnicos, auxiliares em enfermagem e auxiliares de consultório dentário procedem no cuidado com embalagens, acondicionamento e tempo de guarda de materiais esterilizados nas unidades de saúde da atenção básica. Trata-se de uma pesquisa de caráter descritivo e exploratório, com abordagem qualitativa. Os participantes da pesquisa foram enfermeiros, técnicos de enfermagem e auxiliares de consultório dentário, atuantes em unidades básicas de saúde de três cidades do interior do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul. Os dados foram produzidos por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas realizadas nos meses de outubro e dezembro de 2015 e submetidos a análise de conteúdo. Evidenciou-se que os serviços estudados carecem de estruturação, organização e definição de processos no que tange o tipo de embalagem e o acondicionamento de artigos críticos. Conclui-se que a assistência aos usuários, no que se refere a procedimentos que utilizam materiais esterilizados, está exposta a riscos, fragilizando a segurança do paciente, evidenciando a necessidade de capacitação continua dos profissionais.
 Prevalência da medicalização do trabalho de parto e parto na rede pública de saúde/ Prevalence of medicalization of labor and delivery in the public health network
Authors: Monteschio Lorenna Viccentine Coutinho , Sgobero Jenny Carol Gomes Sato , Oliveira Rosana Rosseto de , Serafim Deise , Mathias Thais Aidar de Freitas
Published: February 2017

O estudo teve por objetivo verificar a prevalência da medicalização do trabalho de parto e parto na rede pública de saúde. Foi realizado um estudo transversal com 358 puérperas atendidas pelo Sistema Único de Saúde. As entrevistas foram feitas no hospital no período pós-parto e os prontuários e cartão da gestante foram verificados. A medicalização do parto foi considerada presente quando houve pelo menos uma destas intervenções: tricotomia; enteroclisma; indução/condução do parto; amniotomia; episiotomia ou cesariana. Além disso, a medicalização foi analisada segundo variáveis sociodemográficas, obstétricas e assistenciais, por meio do teste Qui-quadrado, considerando p≤ 0,05. O percentual de mulheres com pelo menos uma intervenção no trabalho de parto e parto foi de 92,7%. Houve associação com mulheres primigestas e histórico de cesariana prévia em mulheres multigestas. A tricotomia esteve associada à cesariana e, a indução/condução à amniotomia e episiotomia, sugerindo o efeito cascata. Conclui-se que as altas taxas de medicalização e a associação entre as intervenções demonstram a necessidade de vigilância e humanização da assistência à saúde da mulher durante o trabalho de parto e parto.
 Rede de apoio social e família: convivendo com um familiar usuário de drogas/ Social support network and family: living with a family member who is a drug user
Authors: Pandini Andressa , D’artible Eloana Ferreira , Paiano Marcelle , Marcon Sonia Silva
Published: February 2017

Neste estudo propôs-se apreender as vivências de famílias em relação ao familiar usuário de drogas e conhecer aspectos de sua rede social. Trata-se de uma pesquisa descritiva, do tipo estudo de caso, realizada com dez famílias de usuários de drogas atendidas em uma Unidade de Atenção Primária a Saúde no Estado do Paraná. Os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevista aberta e submetidos à análise de conteúdo na modalidade temática. A convivência familiar é dificultada pelo comportamento do usuário de drogas, pelo desconhecimento da família acerca do problema, pela sobrecarga financeira, física e psicológica, limitando a atuação da família, que conta com uma rede social frágil e pouco atuante, em relação a outros familiares, vizinhos e serviços de apoio. A dificuldade do apoio social ofertado pelos familiares e a fragilidade da rede social das famílias demonstram a necessidade de estratégias que incluam a família e seu contexto de vida como unidade fundamental de assistência em saúde mental.
HYDROXYCARBAMINE: FROM AN OLD DRUG USED IN MALIGNANT HEMOPATHIES TO A CURRENT STANDARD IN SICKLE CELL DISEASE
Authors: Cannas Giovanna , Poutrel Solene , Thomas Xavier
Published: February 2017

While hydroxycarbamine (hydroxyurea, HU) has less and less indications in malignant hemopathies, it represents the only widely used drug which modifies sickle cell disease pathogenesis. Clinical experience with HU for patients with sickle cell disease has been accumulated over the past 25 years in Western countries. The review of the literature provides increasing support of safety and efficacy in both children and adults for reducing acute vaso-occlusive events including pain episodes and acute chest syndrome. HU has become the standard-of-care for sickle cell anemia, but remains underused. Barriers to its use should be identified and overcome.
You can treat my HIV – But can you treat my blood pressure? Availability of integrated HIV and non-communicable disease care in northern Malawi
Authors: Pfaff Colin , Scott Vera , Hoffman Risa , Mwagomba Beatrice
Published: February 2017

Background: Many patients on antiretroviral therapy (ART) in Malawi have or will develop non-communicable diseases (NCDs). The current capacity of ART sites to provide care for NCDs is not known.Aim: This study aimed to assess the capacity of ART sites to provide care for hypertension and diabetes in rural Malawi.Setting: Twenty-five health centres and five hospitals in two rural districts in northern Malawi.Methods: A cross-sectional survey was performed between March and May 2014 at all facilities. Qualitative interviews were held with three NCD coordinators.Results: Treatment of hypertension and diabetes was predominantly hospital-based. Sixty percent of hospitals had at least one clinician and one nurse trained in NCD care, whereas 5% of health centres had a clinician and 8% had a nurse trained in NCD care. Hundred percent of hospitals and 92% of health centres had uninterrupted supply of hydrochlorothiazide in the previous 6 months, but only 40% of hospitals and no health centres had uninterrupted supply of metformin. Hundred percent of hospitals and 80% of health centres had at least one blood pressure machine, and 80% of hospitals and 32% of health centres had one glucometer. Screening for hypertension amongst ART patients was only conducted at one hospital and no health centres. At health centres, integrated NCD and ART care was more common, with 48% (12/25) providing ART and NCD treatment in the same consultation.Conclusions: The results reflect the status of the initial stages of the Malawi NCD programme at sites currently providing ART care.
Singularities of the moduli space of level curves
Authors: Chiodo Alessandro , Farkas Gavril
Published: February 2017

We describe the singular locus of the compactification of the moduli space

\mathcal R_{g, \ell}

of curves of genus

g

paired with an

\ell

-torsion point in their Jacobian. Generalising previous work for

\ell ≤ 2

, we also describe the sublocus of noncanonical singularities for any positive integer

\ell

. For

g

≥ 4 and

\ell

= 3, 4, 6, this allows us to provide a lifting result on pluricanonical forms playing an essential role in the computation of the Kodaira dimension of

\mathcal R_{g, \ell}

: for those values of

\ell

, every pluricanonical form on the smooth locus of the moduli space extends to a desingularisation of the compactified moduli space.
Hypercube percolation
Authors: van der Hofstad Remco , Nachmias Asaf
Published: February 2017

We study bond percolation on the Hamming hypercube {0,1}

^m

around the critical probability

p_c

. It is known that if

p = p_c (1+O(2^{-m/3}))

, then with high probability the largest connected component

\mathcal C_1

is of size

\Theta(2^{2m/3})

. Here we show that for any sequence

\epsilon (m)

such that

\epsilon (m) = o(1)

but

\epsilon (m) \gg 2^{-m/3}

percolation on the hypercube at

p_c (1+\epsilon (m))

has

{| \mathcal C_1| = (2 + o(1)) \epsilon (m) 2^m } \quad \mathrm {and} \quad |\mathcal C_2| = o (\epsilon (m) 2^m),

with high probability, where

\mathcal C_2

is the second largest component. This resolves a conjecture of Borgs, Chayes, the first author, Slade and Spencer [18].
Rational reductions of the 2D-Toda hierarchy and mirror symmetry
Authors: Brini Andrea , Carlet Guido , Romano Stefano , Rossi Paolo
Published: February 2017

We introduce and study a two-parameter family of symmetry reductions of the two-dimensional Toda lattice hierarchy, which are characterized by a rational factorization of the Lax operator into a product of an upper diagonal and the inverse of a lower diagonal formal difference operator. They subsume and generalize several classical 1+1 integrable hierarchies, such as the bigraded Toda hierarchy, the Ablowitz–Ladik hierarchy and E. Frenkel's

q

-deformed Gelfand–Dickey hierarchy. We establish their characterization in terms of block Toeplitz matrices for the associated factorization problem, and study their Hamiltonian structure. At the dispersionless level, we show how the Takasaki–Takebe classical limit gives rise to a family of non-conformal Frobenius manifolds with flat identity. We use this to generalize the relation of the Ablowitz–Ladik hierarchy to Gromov–Witten theory by proving an analogous mirror theorem for the general rational reduction: in particular, we show that the dual-type Frobenius manifolds we obtain are isomorphic to the equivariant quantum cohomology of a family of toric Calabi–Yau threefolds obtained from minimal resolutions of the local orbifold line.
Hydraulic Cylinder Leakage Test
Authors:   CTTC C1, Hydraulic Systems
Published: February 2017

Applies to hydraulic cylinders which are components of Off-Road Self-Propelled Work Machines defined in SAE J1116.
Fueling Protocols for Light Duty Gaseous Hydrogen Surface Vehicles
Authors:   Fuel Cell Standards Committee
Published: February 2017

SAE J2601 establishes the protocol and process limits for hydrogen fueling of light duty vehicles. These process limits (including fuel temperature, the maximum fuel flow rate, and rate of pressure increase and end pressure) are affected by factors such as ambient temperature, fuel delivery temperature and initial pressure in the vehicle’s compressed hydrogen storage system. SAE J2601-2014 establishes standard fueling protocols based on a look-up table approach with performance targets. The current standard is table-based and provides concise performance targets for both communications and non-communications fueling as described in Sections 7 through 10.

An important factor in the performance of hydrogen fueling is the station’s dispensing equipment cooling capability and the resultant fuel delivery temperature “T” rating. SAE J2601 has a reference fueling target of 3 minutes with 95-100% SOC (with communications) with a T40 rated dispenser as specified in section 6.1. However, with lower fuel delivery temperature dispenser ratings (T30 or T20) and/or at high ambient temperatures, fueling times may be longer.

SAE J2601 includes standard fueling tables for communications and non-communications fueling, as well as a non-standard, development fueling protocol. For fueling with communications, this standard is to be used in conjunction with SAE J2799, Hydrogen Surface Vehicle to Station Communications Hardware and Software. Table 1 below depicts the scope of SAE J2601-2014 and potential work items for future revisions. SAE J2601-2014 also includes, in Appendix H, a non-standard development fueling protocol called the MC Method.

SAE J2601 includes protocols for two pressure classes (35 and 70 MPa), three fuel delivery temperatures (-40 °C, -30 °C, -20 °C) and compressed hydrogen storage system sizes from 49.7 to 248.6 L. Future versions of J2601 may incorporate warmer fuel delivery temperatures (-10 °C and ambient) and smaller compressed hydrogen storage system for motorcycles.
High Voltage Shielded and Jacketed Cable
Authors:   Cable Standards Committee
Published: February 2017

This SAE Standard covers cable, shielded and jacketed, intended for use at a nominal system voltage up to 1000 V (AC rms or DC). It is intended for use in surface vehicle electrical systems.