bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cidade de Deus: um acontecimento discursivo na literatura brasileira contemporânea
Authors: Loiola Vieira Ricardo , Varoni de Carvalho Pedro Henrique
Published: July 2023

O presente artigo, ancorado nos Estudos Discursivos Foucaultianos, realiza uma análise do modo como o romance Cidade de Deus, de Paulo Lins, instaura-se, a partir de uma efusão artística e cultural do final da década de 90, como um acontecimento discursivo na literatura brasileira contemporânea. Objetiva-se, assim, demonstrar que o texto literário significa na e pela história, isto é, os discursos desta obra inscrevem-se em redes discursivas que asseguram que cada escolha lexical e temática tem sua razão de ser e de significar. Conclui-se, portanto, que os discursos de Cidade de Deus associam marcas de uma sociedade atravessada por preconceitos e violência, além de enfatizar toda a vida local (nas favelas cariocas) sem estigmatizar, como comumente se faz, os sujeitos periféricos.
Ações de extensão de uma incubadora tecnossocial para o atendimento à Política Nacional de Resíduos Sólidos
Authors: Kuhn Nuvea , Botelho Louise de Lira Roedel , Alves Alcione Aparecida de Almeida
Published: July 2023

Um dos desafios para municípios de pequeno porte é o atendimento à Política Nacional de Resíduos Sólidos, assim, uma das possibilidades tem sido por meio das universidades, especificamente pela extensão universitária. Este estudo teve como objetivo analisar a percepção de diferentes atores sociais no que tange a efetividade dos programas/projetos de extensão propostos para o atendimento à Política Nacional de Resíduos Sólidos desenvolvidos pela Incubadora Tecnossocial de Cooperativas e Empreendimentos Econômicos Solidários (ITCEES) no município de Cerro Largo, Rio Grande do Sul. Por meio de uma abordagem qualitativa, utilizou-se a análise documental e entrevistas para compreender como três programas de extensão têm sido desenvolvidos. Como resultados, identificou-se que a liderança e o protagonismo da ITCEES em promover as ações por meio de seus programas e projetos de extensão auxiliaram na autogestão da Cooperativa de Catadores Unidos pela Natureza (COOPERCAUN), bem como na articulação para a participação de outras esferas sociais por meio do Fórum de Gestão Social. Ao mesmo tempo, verificou-se que a efetividade no atendimento à política se deve às atividades realizadas de forma compartilhada entre as diferentes esferas envolvidas, e que incluem a atuação municipal, tendo a extensão universitária um papel substancial para o cumprimento da educação ambiental e sensibilização para a coleta seletiva.
Ensino remoto emergencial realizado no projeto de extensão “Restaurações Indiretas Dento e Implantossuportadas” durante a pandemia de COVID-19
Authors: Chagas Gabriela da Silva , Sander Herbert Haueisen , Vasconcellos Walison Arthuso , Vaz Ricardo Rodrigues
Published: July 2023

Este trabalho relata atividades síncronas e assíncronas do Ensino Remoto Emergencial desenvolvidas no projeto de extensão “Restaurações Indiretas Dento e Implantossuportadas” utilizando a Plataforma Microsoft Teams. Esse projeto de extensão executa o tratamento clínico restaurador em dentes naturais e sobre implantes dentários em pacientes que buscam atendimento na Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG). A prestação de serviço é realizada por alunos de graduação, monitores de pós-graduação e professores das áreas de Dentística e Prótese Dentária do Departamento de Odontologia Restauradora, que compreendem que o tratamento odontológico utilizando implantes dentários proporcionou aos indivíduos com ausência parcial ou total dos dentes o restabelecimento da saúde bucal, restaurando a função mastigatória e estética, oferecendo, assim, maior conforto e qualidade de vida. As atividades clínicas eram presenciais até 2019, entretanto, devido à pandemia de COVID-19, as atividades foram reestruturadas. Foram elaborados doze e-books com os temas relacionados à prótese, todos publicados na Câmara Brasileira do Livro. As atividades realizadas proporcionaram a divulgação de novas informações sobre saúde bucal para alunos e pacientes da Faculdade de Odontologia da UFMG, englobando o conceito da interação dialógica junto à sociedade.
O protagonismo feminino na extensão da Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brasil
Authors: Rodrigues Valéria Maria
Published: July 2023

O texto aborda a grande parcela da representatividade feminina pertencente à comunidade interna Universidade Federal de Uberlândia que atua na extensão com uma presença significativa à frente da gestão dessas e de outras ações de extensão desenvolvidas pela instituição que compõem, juntamente com o ensino e a pesquisa, as atividades centrais da universidade pública.
Revisiting the question of the safety of glucocorticoids use of in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Aronova E. A. , Belov B. S. , Gridneva G. I.
Published: July 2023

Glucocorticoids (GCs) are one of the most commonly used drugs for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), the effectiveness of which is beyond doubt. The review considers current literature data on the safety of GCs use, as well as the most common adverse events associated with such therapy. Most authors point to an increased risk of complications with an increase in the daily dose and/or duration of GCs treatment. At the same time, a safe dose of GCs has not been determined. Probably, the optimal tactic is the selection of an individual dose of GCs in each individual case, taking into account the activity of RA and the spectrum of comorbid conditions. In this case, the minimum effective doses and short courses of GCs should be used, regular monitoring of clinical and laboratory parameters should be carried out in order to detect adverse events early.
PENGARUH PROGRAM KELUARGA HARAPAN (PKH) TERHADAP PENGELUARAN PENDIDIKAN DAN KONSUMSI KELUARGA PENERIMA MANFAAT PKH DI KECAMATAN AMPELGADING KABUPATEN PEMALANG
Authors: Khasanah Uswatun
Published: July 2023

AbstrakProgram Keluarga Harapan adalah program bantuan tunai bersyarat yang diberikan kepada Keluarga Miskin yang ditetapkan sebagai Keluarga Penerima Manfaat. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis pengaruh PKH terhadap perubahan Pengeluaran Pendidikan. Data yang digunakan adalah data primer yang diperoleh melalui observasi, wawancara dan kuesioner. Metode analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Metode Difference in Difference. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada model Difference in Difference pertama, Program Keluarga Harapan secara signifikan meningkatkan pengeluaran pendidikan sebesar 215.060 rupiah per bulan dalam kondisi carteris paribus. Pada Model Difference in Difference kedua diketahui bahwa Program Keluarga Harapan secara signifikan meningkatkan Pengeluaran Konsumsi sebesar 734.720 rupiah per bulan dalam kondisi carteris paribus. Kata Kunci:    Keluarga Penerima Manfaat, Pengeluaran Konsumsi, Pengeluaran Pendidikan, Program Keluarga HarapanJEL Classification: H23, H24
Indexing whiteness: practices of categorization and racialization of social relations among Maroons in French Guiana
Authors: Léglise Isabelle , Léobal Clémence , Migge Bettina
Published: July 2023

This article investigates racial/ethnic categorizations designating the majority in a minority language and their uses and meanings in everyday interactions to grasp the dynamics of racialization from the perspective of minoritized people. The investigation focuses on the varieties of the language called Businenge(e) Tongo locally or Eastern Maroon Creoles spoken by Maroon populations living in French Guiana and Suriname. We first examine the different terms used to refer to whiteness, such asbakaa,wetimanandpoyte, from a historical perspective using historical documents before examining their uses in contemporary conversations. The analysis in the final part focuses on interactions at the hospital of Saint-Laurent-du-Maroni. The paper combines two approaches: the sociology of social relations and social approaches to language rooted in ethnography. The distinction between the three terms allows considering race as indexing power relations. Naming whiteness is thus a way of providing a critical perspective on the social order.
International students and their raciolinguistic sensemaking of aural employability in Canadian universities
Authors: Ramjattan Vijay A.
Published: July 2023

International students in Canadian universities are deemed valuable immigrants for the Canadian nation as they are equipped with formal credentials easily recognizable for local employers. Despite having desired technical skills and knowledge, the English of these students is perceived as hindering their ability to voice this expertise. This then forces international students to think about how language can affect their employability during their studies. Drawing on a narrative analysis of the experiences of 14 international students in Ontario and focussing on speech accent, this article explores how they make sense ofaural employability, the ability to be heard as employable, through participating in Canadian higher education. The students connected aural employability with ‘sounding Canadian’ throughraciolinguistic sensemaking, a type of sensemaking that interprets the linguistic world with various ideologies of whiteness. Such sensemaking speaks to how Canadian universities, as sites of workplace language learning, cannot be divorced from the white settler logics that pervade these institutions.
Detection of Sarcopenia in a Community-Dwelling Older Population in China
Authors: Zhang Hai Yan , Chong Mei Chan , Tan Maw Pin , Chua Yan Piaw , Zhang Jin Hua
Published: July 2023

Background and Purpose:

Sarcopenia is a common muscle disease among the older population, posing an increased risk for functional decline and leading to loss of independence in daily living. Early detection of sarcopenia among older people before functional decline would be beneficial in enhancing their quality of life. The Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS) 2019 recommends the use of 3 screening methods for community-based sarcopenia detection: calf circumference (CC), or the Strength, Assistance in walking, Rise from a chair, Climb stairs, and Falls (SARC-F) questionnaire, or the SARC-F in combination with CC (SARC-CalF) questionnaire. This study aims to compare the relative performance of these 3 methods as screening tools for sarcopenia within a community-dwelling older population.

Methods:

A total number of 700 community-dwelling older adults participated in the current study. Muscle mass, muscle strength, and physical performance were measured with bioelectrical impedance analysis, handgrip strength, and gait speed, respectively. The AWGS 2019 criteria were considered the criterion standard. The sensitivity/specificity, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) analyses were determined for CC, SARC-F, and SARC-CalF to determine their relative diagnostic performance.

Results:

Sarcopenia was identified in 21.4% of participants according to the AWGS2019 criteria. The overall prevalence of sarcopenia was 56.6%, 14.7%, and 22.9% according to CC, SARC-F, and SARC-CalF, respectively. Calf circumference showed the highest sensitivity but lowest specificity based on AWGS 2019 as the gold standard regardless of age, gender, and body mass index. The SARC-CalF showed better sensitivity but similar specificity than the SARC-F. The AUROC of CC was significantly better than that of SARC-F and SARC-CalF. The AUROCs of CC, SARC-F, and SARC-CalF were statistically significant in all populations, as well as in the categories of age, gender, and body mass index (P< .05).

Conclusions:

Calf circumference is useful in ruling out the presence of sarcopenia while the SARC-F is more effective in ruling in sarcopenia, especially in the context of population-based screening. Future studies should be carried out to investigate the value of population-based sarcopenia detection using these screening tools.
Comparison of Field and Standard Random Vibration for Small-Sized and Stacked Shipments during Parcel Delivery
Authors: Molnár Bence , Németh Zsófia , Koltai László , Böröcz Péter
Published: July 2023

In recent years, the volume of parcel shipments has increased significantly because of the rise in popularity of online shopping. This article focuses on the last mile segment of the parcel shipment, especially on the vibration behavior of the packages and van platform during transportation and the laboratory simulation of transportation vibration circumstances. The goal of this study is to measure in the field the vibration levels of small, stacked parcels and compare the results with measured vibration levels from the same measuring setup in the laboratory using ASTM D7386-16, Standard Practice for Performance Testing of Packages for Single Parcel Delivery Systems, vibration test method. For the measurements, three-layers of stacked small boxes with data recorder were set up into a delivery van to observe the vibration levels for the boxes inside and on the platform of the van, along different road conditions. The power spectral density spectra and overall Grms values of vibration intensity were presented and compared in four sections of frequency range between 1–200 Hz. The results indicate that the proposed vibration simulation does not correlate well with typical field vibration levels of the van platform and stacked packages. Based on the results, the packaging testing process can be developed as a more realistic preshipment testing process to avoid under-testing or over-testing of small parcels, thereby eliminating unnecessary packaging costs or damages.
Mathilde Vaerting (1884–1977) und ihr (unzeitgemäßer) Beitrag zu Pädagogik und Macht
Authors: Berner Esther , Hofbauer Susann
Published: July 2023

The article deals with the first German female educational scientist Mathilde Vaerting and her analytical contributions on topics such as sex, gender and the role of power, as well as to the question of power and violence in pedagogy, which are still relevant today. The starting point of her considerations is a comprehensive sociology of power and an intensive examination of the psychology of gender. Her engagement with corresponding pedagogical questions (e.g. co-education) is strongly influenced by the contemporary progressive education movement, in which she actively participated. Her analyses of power and domination and their role in the relationship between the gender, but also between teachers and students and in other pedagogical interaction, are in many parts inspired by her own life and career experiences as a female scholar in the period around and after the First World War. Although she was the first woman to be appointed to a professorship in educational science in Germany in 1923, her name hardly appears in the historiography of the discipline to this day. Targeted exclusionary strategies by her male colleagues, supported by a male-dominated politics and academic culture, had made her an academic outsider during her lifetime and for the time after.
Defektologie učící? Formování české speciální pedagogiky v letech 1953–1964
Authors: Fapšo Marek , Randák Jan
Published: July 2023

In 1953, Miloš Sovák, a physician and university teacher, published the theoretical foundations of defectology, a science focused on individuals with physical, mental and sensory disabilities. Some contemporaries consider Sovák’s presentation to be the beginning of modern Czech special education. Sovák treated social relations as the most important component of an actor’s environment in which they find themselves through upbringing and education and in which they sustain themselves. In simple terms: through the work performance in the context of the building of socialism in 1950s Czechoslovakia. After the advent of the communist dictatorship, defectology was to replace interwar remedial pedagogy and paedopathology, although Sovák developed earlier views published during the 1930s and 1940s, including the period of Nazi occupation. Although defectology was firmly rooted in current socio-political contexts and represented a time-contingent social practice, the reproduction of its expert knowledge was limited by a number of external circumstances, including the closure of an independent university department, the absence of a departmental journal, or the reduction of its curriculum in undergraduate studies.
Patronin/CAMSAP promotes reactivation and regeneration of Drosophila quiescent neural stem cells
Authors: Gujar Mahekta R , Gao Yang , Teng Xiang , Ding Wei Yung , Lin Jiaen , Tan Ye Sing , Chew Liang Yuh , Toyama Yusuke , Wang Hongyan
Published: July 2023

The ability of stem cells to switch between quiescent and proliferative states is crucial for maintaining tissue homeostasis and regeneration. Drosophila quiescent neural stem cells (qNSCs) extend a primary protrusion that is enriched in acentrosomal microtubules and can be regenerated upon injury. Arf1 promotes microtubule growth, reactivation (exit from quiescence), and regeneration of qNSC protrusions upon injury. However, how Arf1 is regulated in qNSCs remains elusive. Here, we show that the microtubule minus‐end binding protein Patronin/CAMSAP promotes acentrosomal microtubule growth and quiescent NSC reactivation. Patronin is important for the localization of Arf1 at Golgi and physically associates with Arf1, preferentially with its GDP‐bound form. Patronin is also required for the regeneration of qNSC protrusion, likely via the regulation of microtubule growth. Finally, Patronin functions upstream of Arf1 and its effector Msps/XMAP215 to target the cell adhesion molecule E‐cadherin to NSC‐neuropil contact sites during NSC reactivation. Our findings reveal a novel link between Patronin/CAMSAP and Arf1 in the regulation of microtubule growth and NSC reactivation. A similar mechanism might apply to various microtubule‐dependent systems in mammals.
Desorption of metal ions from kraft pulps. Part 1. Chelation of hardwood and softwood kraft pulp with EDTA
Authors: Granholm Kim , Harju Leo , Ivaska Ari
Published: July 2023

Chelation of unbleached and oxygen bleached hardwood and softwood kraft pulps with EDTA was studied. The main focus was on the desorption of magnesium, manganese, and iron due to their impact in TCF-bleaching. Desorption of other metal ions present were also studied in order to get an over-all estimation of the metal ion concentrations and their desorption during chelation. By using the concept of side reaction coefficients, an estimation of the chelating strength of EDTA at different pH can be made. Metal ion concentrations were determined by DCP-AES and ICP-MS techniques. Mn, Zn, and Cd were the metal ions that could almost completely be chelated with EDTA. Most of the metal ions were found to be desorbed from the pulps at low pH values by ion exchange with hydrogen ions. With EDTA chelation 50 to 70% of the iron was desorbed. By EDTA chelation the highest Mg/Mn concentration ratios were obtained in the pH range 4 to 6. For oxygen-bleached softwood pulp the ratio was over 7000. Our study showed that both unbleached and bleached pulps can quite successfully be chelated by EDTA.
Amino acids profile of the lignocellulosic feed treated with cellulase-free lignolytic mutants of Pleurotus ostreatus
Authors: Chalamcherla Vijaya Lakshmi , Singaracharya M. A. , M. Vijaya Lakshmi
Published: July 2023

Defining and quantifying amino acid requirements will become an important consideration in the next generation of feeding schemes for dairy cattle beyond the current emphasis on identification of limiting amino acids. In this context different amino acid profiles of untreated, urea treated, fungal treated, and urea plus fungal treated lignocellulosic feed by both P. ostreatus wild and its two cellulase-minus/ less lignolytic mutants were analyzed. Cellulase-free mutant strains were obtained after 20 minutes of exposure to UV light and 0.4 seconds to X-rays. A UV mutant of P. ostreatus (POM1) exhibited better performance than the X-ray mutant (POM2) in terms of production of less cellulolytic and more lignolytic enzymes. Urea treatment of straw enhanced the total amino acid content by less than a factor of two, while the fungal treatment improved it by 13-14 times. Fungal treatment of urea-treated straw improved the total amino acid content by a factor of 15, indicating the importance of urea in the straw. Further, the fungal treatment of urea-treated straw enhanced the quantity of amino acids such as glutamine, glycine, aspergine, etc. by 15-20 times. The quantity of limiting amino acids such as methionine, lysine, and histidine was also enhanced by 8 to 10 times through the fungal treatment. Maximum amounts of all the amino acids were found in urea plus fungal (POM1) treated paddy straw than in only fungal treated and only urea treated paddy straws.
Regulation of cellulase synthesis in Chaetomium erraticum
Authors: Soni Sanjeev K. , Soni Raman
Published: July 2023

Chaetomium erraticum was capable of producing all the three components of a cellulase enzyme system including exoglucanase, endoglucanases, and b-glucosidase extracellularly. However, the cultivation conditions and the medium composition markedly affected the ability of microorganism to synthesize various enzymes. Exoglucanase was highest under static conditions, while endoglucanase and b-glucosidase were maximized under shake conditions. Among the various defined substrates, CMC proved to be the best inducer for exoglucanase under static conditions and b-glucosidase under shake conditions. MCC induced maximum endoglucanase under shake conditions. The biosynthesis of all three components of cellulases was repressed with different concentrations of glucose, puromycin, actinomycin, and actidione, while the supplementation of exogenous cyclic-AMP was fully capable of releasing the catabolite repression for production of all three components.
Evaluation of harvesting time effects and cultivars of kenaf on papermaking
Authors: Shakhes Jalal , Dehghani-Firouzabadi Mohamma Reza , Rezayati-Charani Pejman , Zeinaly Farhad
Published: July 2023

This study investigates effects of six kenaf cultivars named Cubano, Niger, Cubano 2032, 9277, 7551, and 7566 and three harvesting time stages on the properties of pulp and handsheet paper made from kenaf. Six cultivars of an Iranian kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus L.), were planted on 19 May 2007, and harvested after 85, 105, and 135 days. It was understood that with the increase of plant age, fiber yield increased. Maximum yield at each of three harvesting time stages was related to Niger. Consequently, if a high fiber yield is sought, Niger can be recommended, but for a paper with high strength properties, Cubano 2032 is strongly suggested. This cultivar produces a paper with significant burst, tear, breaking length and fold endurance even though its yield was somewhat lower than that of Niger at short harvesting times. Moreover, at second harvesting time stage, maximum strength properties of handsheets such as burst, tear, and breaking length, were seen in Cubano, though the fiber yield of this cultivar was a bit lower than Niger, but still more than Cubano 2032. We showed that a minor positive change in the handsheet properties could be achieved through harvesting kenaf at the third stage as compared to the first and second stages.
Should Your Chatbot Joke? Driving Conversion Through the Humour of a Chatbot Greeting
Authors: Lekaviciute Vaida , Auruškevičienė Viltė , Reardon James
Published: July 2023

Despite the increasing number of companies employing chatbots for tasks that previously needed human involvement, researchers and managers are only now beginning to examine chatbots in customer-brand relationship-building efforts. Not much is known, however, about how managers could modify their chatbot greeting, especially incorporating humour, to increase engagement and foster positive customer–brand interactions. The research aims to investigate how humour in a chatbot welcome message influences customers’ emotional attachment and conversion-to-lead through the mediating role of engagement. The findings of the experiment indicate that conversion-to-lead and emotional attachment rise when chatbots begin with a humorous (vs neutral) greeting. Engagement mediates this effect such that a humorous (vs neutral) greeting sparks engagement and thus makes users more emotionally attached and willing to give out their contact information to the brand.

The study contributes to the existing research on chatbots, combining and expanding previous research on human–computer interaction and, more specifically, human–chatbot interaction, as well as the usage of humour in conversational marketing contexts. This study provides managers with insight into how chatbot greetings can engage consumers and convert them into leads.
Addressable TV Advertising Enhances Advertising Effectiveness
Authors: Gumilevskaya Sofia , Devlin Joseph , Richardson Daniel , Diab Habiba , Liu Zutao , Casey-Miller Phoebe
Published: July 2023

As TV consumption evolves from traditional linear programming to more on-demand viewing, advertising is also changing, seeking to tailor content to best match the interests of viewers. Addressable advertising is an interactive form of advertising that combines online data personalization with on-demand TV content with the aim of addressing individual viewers and improving advertising outcomes. This study investigated whether audience engagement with advertising (indexed by self-report liking, attention, and memory for an advertisement) was affected by addressability and the screen size on which the content was viewed. Using a limited capacity model of information processing and the elaboration likelihood model as its theoretical bases as well as a physiological measure of attention, we found that people both prefer and remember addressable advertisements more than those that are not relevant to them. In addition, viewing advertisements on large screens improved attention and retention for the content relative to smaller screens.
Heuristic Rules for the Dynamic Pricing Problem
Authors: Melnikov Oleg
Published: July 2023

This paper is devoted to the development of heuristics for the dynamic pricing problem. A discrete time model of dynamic pricing on the fixed time horizon is proposed. It is applicable to products that satisfy two properties: 1) product value expires at a certain predetermined date, and 2) consumers demand at most a single unit of the product. This type of demand structure allows deriving a simple system of recursive equations for optimal prices using dynamic programming techniques. Optimal pricing policy is expressed as a function of time to expiration and inventory levels of unsold products. An analytical solution to this problem was obtained for special cases, while for the general case, a numerical algorithm has been developed. Qualitative characteristics of the optimal pricing policy are established, and their implications for dynamics of inventories and prices are discussed. Based on these observations, a simple heuristic rule for dynamic price adjustments is proposed. Performance of this heuristic is evaluated against the optimal dynamic and fixed-price policies using Monte-Carlo experiments. Results demonstrate high efficiency of the proposed heuristic strategy and its even simpler derivatives. Heuristics’ adaptability and ease of implementation should make it suitable and attractive for small and medium businesses.
The Effect of Time Pressure on Criminal Decision-Making
Authors: Cimalanskaitė-Kazlauskienė Violeta , Valickas Gintautas
Published: July 2023

The article analyzes the effect of time pressure on the decision to commit a crime based on a dual-process approach. An experiment was conducted with the participation of 67 at least once convicted adult men. All participants examined fraud scenarios with limited and unlimited time conditions for their evaluation and decided on the consent or refusal of the actor in the vignette to commit the crime. Although the decision that the actor in the situation will commit a crime prevailed regardless of the experimental conditions, the results of this study confirm that time pressure has a significant effect on information processing. Time pressure is associated with the predominance of Type 1 (automatic, intuitive) processes and suppression of Type 2 (rational, analytical) processes, while a longer time is associated with the activation of Type 2 processes and the assessment of the long-term perspective.
Physicians’ feelings and reactions in Taiwan
Authors: Hou Wen-Hsuan
Published: July 2023

A rejoinder to the review by Elywn and colleages.
On the Orientation of Historic Christian Churches of Fuerteventura
Authors: Muratore María Florencia , Gangui Alejandro , Urrutia-Aparicio Maitane , Cabrera Carmelo , Belmonte Juan Antonio
Published: July 2023

We present the results of an analysis of the precise spatial orientation of colonial Christian churches located in the Canary Island of Fuerteventura (Spain). Our sample consists of 48 churches, most built during the period between the Castilian conquest led by the Norman Jean de Béthencourt in the early fifteenth century and the end of the nineteenth century. While most of the religious constructions in the sample have their main axes oriented within the solar range, in accordance with tradition, the statistical analysis also reveals the presence of two groups of churches that diverge from due east. For the first group, mainly composed of churches located in the central part of the island, an anomalous tendency of orientation towards a declination of c. ?14° was detected. We provide four possible explanations for this: (1) orientation to coincide with sunrise on the date of a traditional Canarian celebration; (2) the influence of topography; (3) sunset orientations; and (4), more controversially, a “bright star” orientation close to the declination of Sirius during the seventeenth century, drawing on ethnographic data. For the second group, meanwhile, we find a pattern of orientation slightly to the north of due east. We propose this might signal orientation to the rising Sun on dates close to Easter Sunday.
Chips off the Block
Authors: Coombs Alistair
Published: July 2023

Material structures organised in pairs were significant features within shrines and special buildings of the Near Eastern Epipaleolithic and early Neolithic. These stone and plaster monuments came to bear defining humanoid features that possibly commemorated mythical brothers or twins. The twin god theme appears widely in ethnographies, and is used to define celestial luminaries, divisions of space and the opposing extremes of the seasonal year. Material and environmental evidence of the Pre-Pottery Neolithic phase of the Near East further indicates that these features, replete with early constellation images, monumentalise a calendar-informed cosmology and reveal a significant correlation between cultic monuments, social gatherings and times of the year.
Anthony F. Aveni, 'Creation Stories: Landscapes and the Human Imagination'
Authors: Rappenglück Michael A.
Published: July 2023

Anthony F. Aveni, Creation Stories: Landscapes and the Human ImaginationNew Haven, CT and London: Yale University Press, 2021. Hardback, 220 pp. ISBN 978-0-300-25124-1. £20.00.
Write across America
Authors: Sassi Kel , Louth Richard , Martens Susan
Published: July 2023

Three U.S. writing project teachers from Louisiana, Missouri, and North Dakota reflect on their experiences with the National Writing Project’s writing marathon and discuss their collaboration to design, implement, and study a virtual writing marathon during the coronavirus pandemic. Interspersed with teachers’ writing from the marathon, the piece explains the features of the design and ends with four primary conclusions: 1) Writing should be at the center of our pedagogy, 2) A writing marathon can and should be adapted for online spaces, 3) Virtual writing marathons have lasting value, and 4) The success of the Virtual Writing Marathon rests on National Writing Project infrastructure and culture.
A Standard Method Verification for Determination of Sugar Content of Commercial Fruit Juices by HPLC
Authors: DOĞAN Tuğba , ŞEKER Tamay
Published: July 2023

This study aimed to verify the standard test method TS EN 12630 and determine the sugar contents of commercially available fruit juices by high pressure liquid chromatography. A laboratory should verify the standard test method parameters in order to show its performance for the analysis, under consideration. For this purpose, Sucrose, Glucose and Fructose were analysed in orange juices obtained from the market. The principle of the method is based on the separation of sugars on a cation-exchange resin by isocratic elution with mobile phase, detection using a differential refractive index (RI) detector and external standard method. Accuracy and precision were performed via intraday and inter day studies to determine of accuracy and the precision (generally accepted as repeatability and reproducibility) for the standard test method. The recovery values of the sugars added into juice sample were 92%, 99% and 96% for sucrose, glucose and fructose, respectively.
Potential of NT-proBNP and sST2 rapid tests in patients with acute myocardial infarction
Authors: Ryabov V. V. , Kruchinkina E. V. , Vyshlov E. V. , Gusakova A. M. , Darya A. V. , Panteleev O. O. , Margolis Na. Y. , Suslova T. E.
Published: July 2023

Aim. To compare two methods for the determination of N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) and soluble ST2 (sST2): rapid immunochemical methods and standard enzyme immunoassay (ELISA), as well as to determine the possibility of rapid tests for determining these biomarkers in acute myocardial infarction (AMI).

Material and methods. This open, non-randomized, single-center observational study included 41 patients: 20 with non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction (non-STEMI) and 21 with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), without cardiogenic shock and active inflammatory process. During hospitalization, all patients underwent the level of NT-proBNP using an immunological fluorometric analyzer AQT90 FLEX (Radiometer, Germany) and sST2 immunological method for assessing lateral flow using an ASPECT Reader™ T2 analyzer (Critical diagnostics, USA). Then, studies of these biomarkers by standard ELISA were delayed.

Results. The Spearman correlation coefficient for rapid NT-proBNP and NT-proBNP-ELISA was 0,5937 (p=0,00000087). At the same time, the proportion of patients with an NT-proBNP level >300 pg/ml in the rapid test was significantly higher than in the ELISA: 90% vs 44% (p<0,05). In a comparative analysis of two methods for sST2, the Spearman correlation coefficient for rapid sST2 and sST2-ELISA is 0,9561 (p=0,0000007). The proportions of patients with sST2 >35 ng/ml with rapid and ELISA methods did not differ significantly and amounted to 53 and 55%. Rapid NT-proBNP were significantly different between Killip I and Killip III (p=0,043): Me=1375,00 (669,00; 3140,00) vs Me=3660,00 (1815,00; 6890,00). There were no significant changes in the rapid sST2 level depending on Killip class.

Conclusion. Correlations were found between rapid and ELISA methods in patients with AMI: medium in strength for NT-proBNP and strong for sST2. The proportion of patients with NT-proBNP levels >300 pg/mL in the rapid test was significantly higher than in the ELISA. Therefore, a conversion formula is needed, for which the available data are insufficient. The proportion of patients with sST2 >35 ng/ml in the rapid and ELISA methods did not differ significantly. A direct relationship between the level of rapid NT-proBNP and Killip class was found. No dependence of the level of rapid sST2 on Killip class was found.
Vascular access for isolated hepatic perfusion in liver metastases. Place of artificial circulation. Literature review
Authors: Unguryan V. M. , Kazantsev A. N. , Belov Y. V.
Published: July 2023

The use of an artificial circulation and endovascular technologies in the treatment of liver metastases of uveal melanoma is a highly relevant area. Uveal melanoma is a rare cancer from the uveal tract of the eye. The liver is the most common site of metastasis and is affected in 70-90% of cases, being the only site of metastasis in about 50% of cases. Survival ranges from two to three months. This literature review describes the following methods of treatment of liver metastases of uveal melanoma using a heart-lung machine: arterial (arterio-caval), portal (porto-caval), arterio-porto-caval, retrograde arterio-portal. Special attention is paid to the endovascular method of treatment.

Literature sources were searched in the following electronic libraries: elibrary.ru, pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov, researchgate.net.
Features of coronary pathology and its relationship with myocardial fibrosis markers in patients with resistant hypertension
Authors: Lichikaki V. A. , Mordovin V. F. , Falkovskaya A. Yu. , Zyubanova I. V. , Manukyan M. A. , Solonskaya E. I. , Vtorushina A. A. , Khunkhinova S. A. , Skomkina I. A.
Published: July 2023

Aim. To evaluate the severity of coronary atherosclerosis and its association with biochemical markers of fibrosis in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) and resistant hypertension (RHT).

Material and methods. The study included 39 patients with CAD and RHT. All patients underwent 24-hour blood pressure (BP) monitoring, office BP numbers were measured. Laboratory diagnostics included routine tests, as well as determination of serum lipocalin, plasma concentration of matrix metalloproteinases 2 and 9 (­MMP-2, MMP-9), tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases-1 (TIMP 1). Coronary atherosclerosis in patients was assessed retrospectively according to medical records with an assessment of the protocols of invasive coronary angiography and multislice computed tomography, performed no more than a year ago from the moment of inclusion in the study with no clinical signs of CAD progression. Obstructive atherosclerosis was considered a coronary artery narrowing by more than 50%.

Results. Considering the results of previous coronary angiography, the patients were divided into two groups. In the first group (n=20), coronary artery stenosis was <50%, in the second (n=19) >50% (p<0,05). The compared groups of patients were comparable in sex, age, duration of hypertension, blood pressure level, and the number of antihypertensive drugs taken. There were no differences in blood lipid profile, basal glycemia, uric acid levels, and the frequency of previous cerebral accidents. However, the incidence of diabetes in group 2 was significantly higher (p<0,05). Additionally, there was a significant difference in serum levels of lipocalin and MMP-2 with higher values of these indicators in patients with coronary atherosclerosis stenosis (p=0,02).

Conclusion. In patients with RHT with symptoms and signs of myocardial ische­­mia, the incidence of obstructive coronary atherosclerosis according to coronary angiography is 50%. Diabetes in this category of patients indicates a more frequent obstruction of coronary bed. An increase in the level of MMP-2 and lipocalin in this category of patients is associated with more severe coronary damage and can be considered as an indirect indicator of obstructive coronary atherosclerosis.
Significance of inflammation markers in patients with coronary microvascular dysfunction and non-obstructive coronary artery disease
Authors: Kop’eva K. V. , Maltseva A. N. , Mochula A. V. , Grakova E. V. , Smorgon A. V. , Gusakova А. M. , Zavadovsky K. V.
Published: July 2023

Aim. To study the relationship of coronary microvascular dysfunction (CMD) with the levels of pro- and anti-inflammatory biomarkers in patients with preserved ejection fraction (LVEF) and non-obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD).

Material and methods. The study included 118 patients (70 men, mean age, 62,0 [58,0; 69,0] years) with preserved LVEF (62 [59; 64] %) and non-obstructive CAD. Serum levels of N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), interleukin-1β, 6, and 10 were assessed initially by enzyme immunoassay. Coronary flow reserve (CFR) was assessed by dynamic single photon emission computed tomography. CFR ≤2 was a CMD marker.

Results. Patients were divided into groups depending on CMD presence: group 1 included patients with CMD (n=45), and group 2 was the control group and included patients without CMD (n=73). HsCRP concentrations were 1,8 times higher (p=0,011) in group 1 compared to group 2. Interleukin-6 levels did not differ significantly between groups (p=0,842), while interleukin-10 concentrations were lower by 21,7 % (p=0,048), and interleukin-1β was 2,7 times higher (p=0,046) in group 1 compared to group 2. According to ROC analysis, hsCRP concentration ≥4,8 g/l (AUC=0,655; p=0,012), and NT-proBNP ≥950,6 pg/ml (AUC=0,792; p<0,001) were identified as markers associated with CMD in patients with non-obstructive CAD, while levels of interleukin-1β, 6 and 10 showed no diagnostic significance. Multivariate regression analysis showed that diastolic dysfunction (odds ratio, 3,27; 95% confidence interval, 2,26-5,64; p<0,001) and NT-proBNP ≥950,6 pg/ml (odds ratio, 2,07; 95% confidence interval, 1,56-4,12; p=0,023) were independent factors associated with CMD.

Conclusion. We established that in patients with non-obstructive CAD, the pre­sence of CMD is associated with a higher expression of pro-inflammatory markers and a decrease in the expression of an anti-inflammatory marker, which may confirm the fact that chronic inflammation is one of CMD pathogenesis links.
O CORPO E A GEOPOLÍTICA DA TECNOCOLONIZAÇÃO, TECNOCOLONIALIDADE DO CORPO NA ARTE, NA CULTURA E NA EDUCAÇÃO! (2ª PARTE)
Authors: Bessa-Oliveira Marcos Antônio
Published: July 2023

O “conceito” de tecnocolonialidade (2020) vem sendo “definido” epistemologicamente em partes porque a reflexão tem como premissa uma discussão maior que contempla o corpo na sua totalidade tecnológica contemporânea que também considera entendimentos diferentes da e sobre a tecnologia. A primeira ideia da formulação epistêmica sobre a tecnocolonialidade acerca-se da condição geopolítica da tecnologia que nos foi colocada como premissa fundamental da existência atual do corpo humano. Enquanto o corpo consciente da tecnocolonialidade é o corpo que reconhece o papel de colonização/colonialidade contemporâneo imposto aos corpos pela exigência da utilização da tecnologia como único modo de sobrevivência. Entretanto, neste caso, o corpo que não se quer tecnológico, também não se quer colonizado pela tecnologia (tecno(lógico)), ao certo não vai se permitir sobreviver apenas se submisso à tecnocolonialidade, portanto, é um corpo consciente da geopolítica imposta, especialmente, pelo projeto de universalização técnica e por isso não se submete à existência apenas se partícipe da tecnologia. Considerando isso e levanto em conta também a primeira parte já exposta em que tive que evidenciar as políticas “econômica da morte” e do “ódio” (2020a) do último Governo Federal que destrataram a pandemia, esta segunda parte abordará diretamente a tecnocolonialidade no corpo da arte na contemporaneidade como artifício de colonização. Para subsidiar esta construção epistemológica me valerei dos debates pós-modernos (contemporâneos) acerca dos corpos artísticos tecnológicos, que compreendem o corpo necessariamente vinculado à tecnologia para a produção; usarei também das discussões modernas que classificaram os corpos não europeus. Ancorando essas abordagens estará uma episteme descolonial pela perspectiva crítica biogeográfica fronteiriça para desvincular corpo e tecnologia como possibilidade de convivência entre as diferenças coloniais na contemporaneidade.
FRAGMENTATION OF WATER DROPS IN COLLISION WITH A SMALL OBSTACLE
Authors: Rozhkov Aleksey , Prunet-Foch B. , Fedyushkin A. , Vignes-Adler M.
Published: July 2023

The study is dedicated to the general features of the processes of deformation and fragmentation of liquid drops have been studied when they collide with obstacles. Masks and filters, protecting against airborne infections, are among the possible obstacles. Coughing, sneezing, and talking cause the ejection of drops of saliva and bronchial mucus. A local drop-mask or drop-filter collision is modeled by the impact of a drop on a small obstacle as the simplest hydrodynamic case with a minimum number of influencing factors. For water-based oral and bronchial drops with a typical diameter di = 100 μm and impact velocity of the order of vi = 10 m/s, the impact Weber number is about Wei = ρvi2di/γ = 139. As a starting point in the problem of the drop breakup in a collision with a solid obstacle, we consider the coaxial impact of an inviscid liquid drop with a diameter of 2.8 mm on a disk with a diameter of 4.0 mm. In laboratory experiments, the similarity was provided by impact velocities of 1.88-3.57 m/s, which gives impact Weber numbers Wei = 137-496. Such collisions are controlled only by inertia and capillarity, while the influence of all other factors is negligible. A round liquid lamella with a torus-shaped rim is formed upon the collision. The rim first expands and then retracts, forming radially directed liquid fingers in the rim. At low impact velocities, the fingers retained continuity, while at sufficiently high velocities, the fingers spattered into secondary droplets. Experiments have shown that the critical Weber number corresponding to the transition to spattering lies between 137 and 206. Approximately the same values of the Weber number occur when infected drops hit masks or filters.
Taxonomic Revision and List of Cyanobacteria from the Lucayan Archipelago (Bahamas and Turks and Caicos Islands)
Authors: Smith Thomas E.
Published: July 2023

The purpose of this study is to document the cyanobacteria from Lucayan Archipelago, and to revise and update nomenclature to reflect current taxonomic understanding for previously documents species. There were 88 species identified in the Bahamas islands and 6 species from the Turks and Caicos Islands. There are a total of 89 species and intraspecific taxa from this archipelago. The dominant order was Nostocales with 23 species (16 Rivulariaceae, 6 Scytonemataceae, and only 1 Aphanizomenonaceae). Oscillatoriales (45 Microcoleaceae and 5
Oscillatoriaceae) was the second most abundant order with 22 species. Chroococcales was the third most abundant order with 20 species (8 Microcystaceae, 6 Pleurocapsaceae, 4 Chroococcaceae, and
Gomphosphaeriaceae and Cyanothrichaceae only had one species each). Leptolyngbyales was the fourth most abundant order with 13 species (8 Trichocoleusaceae and 5 Leptolyngbyceae). Coleofasciculales had 4 species (4 Coleofasciculaceae), 2 Chroococcidiopsidales, 2 Spirulinales and three orders (Desertifilales, Pleurocapsales, and Pseudanabaenales) only had one species each.