bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Influência do cimento obturador na resistência de união de pinos intrarradiculares cimentados com cimentos resinosos: Uma revisão da literatura
Authors: Antunes Thiago Bessa Marconato , Janini Ana Cristina Padilha , Berti Luiza Salles Alves , Alencar David Saldanha de Brito , Bronzato Juliana Delatorre , Guimarães Bruno Martini , Gomes Brenda P. F. A. , Marciano Marina Angélica
Published: January 2025

O objetivo dessa revisão da literatura foi investigar a influência dos cimentos obturadores dos canais radiculares na resistência de união de pinos instrarradiculares à dentina cimentados com cimentos resinosos. No total, foram selecionados 33 artigos científicos, dentre esses, uma revisão sistemática e 32 trabalhos laboratoriais, sendo 5 desses utilizando o teste pull-out e 27 o push-out. A maioria utilizou-se de dentes humanos extraídos, totalizando 27 trabalhos e 5 utilizaram-se de dentes bovinos. No total, a revisão constou 21 tipos de cimentos obturadores. Diante dessa revisão da literatura pode-se concluir que o cimento obturador influencia na resistência de união de pinos cimentados com cimentos resinosos e que o tempo de cimentação pode ser um fator que altere essa propriedade. De modo geral os canais que utilizam cimentos à base de resina epóxi apresentam os melhores resultados de resistência de união de pinos e os que utilizam eugenol, apresentam os menores valores. Os cimentos à base de hidróxido de cálcio, mostram-se, de maneira geral, favoráveis e os cimentos à base de silicato de cálcio mostram-se não favoráveis.
Contextualização do ensino de química através da determinação do teor de álcool em bebidas - relatos das atividades desenvolvidas no projeto de iniciação científica júnior
Authors: Costa Ana Paula Oliveira , Nascimento Bárbara Zon , Ventura Lorena Alves , Honorato Dayvson Santos , Mendes Ana Nery Furlan , Nogueira Christiane Mapheu , Silveira Vivian Chagas da
Published: January 2025

A motivação para o desenvolvimento deste projeto residiu no fato de que o contato dos jovens com bebidas alcoólicas ocorre cada vez mais cedo, aliado ao fato de que o ensino de química por meio de estratégias tradicionais torna o aprendizado cansativo e desmotivante. Nesse contexto, a proposta intitulada Aplicação de Conceitos e Técnicas da Química como Ferramenta para a Quantificação do Teor de Álcool em Bebidas foi aprovada pela FAPES para ser desenvolvida em uma escola pública estadual de São Mateus e o Ceunes com 5 alunos do 2º ano do ensino médio. Foram utilizadas técnicas de metodologias ativas para ensinar a química utilizando abordagem de conteúdos de forma contextualizada e investigativa com caráter experimental. Entre os conteúdos envolvidos, destacam-se: divisões da química, algarismos significativos, expressão de resultados, cálculos estequiométricos, reações químicas, vidrarias de laboratório, métodos de separação de misturas e preparo e expressão da concentração de soluções. Para estimular o interesse dos alunos e avaliar a aprendizagem, foram utilizadas estratégias como jogos educativos e exercícios de fixação. Essas atividades didáticas não apenas promoveram maior engajamento, como também possibilitaram uma verificação eficaz da compreensão dos conceitos. Os resultados obtidos foram a aprendizagem significativa, com promoção dos alunos como protagonistas do processo de aquisição de conhecimento. Mais conscientes e críticos sobre os males causados pelo consumo de bebidas alcoólicas. O projeto também propôs a aproximação dos alunos do ensino médio com o ambiente universitário, resultado que se consolidou com a entrada deles na graduação.
Análise do efeito genotóxico do consumo de álcool, pelo teste de micronúcleos em estudantes da Universidade Cesumar, polo Ponta Grossa
Authors: Schmidt Bruna Meller , Wolski Michele Andressa Vier
Published: January 2025

A exposição a substâncias genotóxicas, tais como o álcool, podem ocasionar danos no DNA genômico, levando aos mais diversos tipos de alterações celulares. Os micronúcleos são fragmentos de DNA que se separam do núcleo resultando em instabilidade celular. A sua presença pode estar associada com diversas doenças, como diversos tipos de câncer, Alzheimer e AIDS. Por esse motivo, e considerando o elevado consumo de álcool por estudantes universitários, o objetivo deste trabalho é estudar quantitativa e qualitativamente a presença de micronúcleos nas células e sua relação com o álcool, através do teste de micronúcleos em estudantes da Unicesumar. Foi elaborado um questionário baseado no teste de AUDIT para selecionar através dos hábitos de vida os candidatos adequados para este estudo é dividido os selecionados em dois grupos, 15 pessoas no grupo exposto e 15 no grupo controle. Após coleta de material biológico, mucosa oral, foi feita a análise microscópica e estatística dessa anomalia, através do teste de Tukey. Após análise foi possível observar a relação direta que o álcool, assim como outros agentes genotóxicos possuem com as mutações ocorridas nos núcleos das células da mucosa oral. Este trabalho envolve pesquisa com seres humanos e, portanto, foi aprovado pelo comitê de ética segundo o Certificado de Apresentação e Apreciação Ética (CAAE): 59946422.1.0000.5539.
ANTIDEPRESSANT SCREENING OF LITHIUM CARBONATE IN THE PRESENCE OF PHENYTOIN USING A FORCED SWIMMING MAZE IN ALBINO MICE
Authors: Aburawi Suhera , Saad Shaban , ALgrabli Amel
Published: January 2025

Lithium was introduced into modern psychiatric medicine; in 1970, Lithium was approved by the Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of manic illness; later in 1974 is used for the prevention of manic-depressive illness.  Aim of the study: To find out the effect of lithium on mental depression in the presence of phenytoin as a sodium channel blocker, using mice Methods: Male albino mice weighing between 25-40g are used. A forced swimming maze is used to screen for the effect of Lithium on mental depression. Drugs subacute administration is applied. Results: Lithium or phenytoin administration, each alone produces an antidepressant effect. While subacute administration of combined treatment of lithium and phenytoin produces an antidepressant effect less than the additive action of both lithium and phenytoin. Conclusion: Lithium has an antidepressant effect; also, phenytoin administration produces antidepressant action. Administration of phenytoin and lithium together, leads to a decrease in the pharmacological effect of each, as antidepressant, due to their interaction. Therefore, patients receiving the combined treatment of phenytoin and lithium should be under observation. Also, the free (unbound) phenytoin and lithium levels should be measured under medical control.
Wintering, rather than breeding, oceanic conditions may modulate declining survival in a long-distance migratory seabird
Authors: Snell KRS , Machado dos Santos IA , van Bemmelen RSA , Moe B , Thorup K
Published: January 2025

Steep declines in Arctic skua populations in the southern extent of their breeding range have been reported during the last half of the 20th century. We used 24 yr of ringing and re-encounter data from the Faroe Islands, North Atlantic, to investigate if patterns in survival probabilities can be explained by large-scale climatic events. Having first determined the migratory phenology and wintering regions, we estimated the effects of the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) index on survival during breeding and the Oceanic Niño index (ONI) during the non-breeding period within a capture-mark-recapture framework. Temporal trends along with direct and time-lagged effects of the environment on annual survival were modelled. We found support for a substantial decrease in adult annual survival, from ca. 0.93 in 1985 to ca. 0.77 in 2008, and weak support for a decrease in young (first year) survival over the duration of the study period. Furthermore, models indicated increased young survival following an El Niño winter. We suggest this time-lagged effect reflects downstream propagation of environmental conditions, particularly food availability, or a potential carry-over effect of El Niño conditions positively impacting the performance of the parents in the subsequent breeding season, leading to improved young survival prospects. While adult mortality cannot be attributed to the oceanic climate oscillations tested here, the negative trend in survival may account for the substantial population declines observed over the last decades.
Nitrous oxide emissions by microalgae (mini review)
Authors: Trenkenshu Rudolf P.
Published: January 2025

The article provides a brief overview of foreign literature on the potential generation of diazote oxide by microalgae, which is a greenhouse gas that plays a significant role in the destruction of the Earth's ozone layer and climate change on the planet. An analysis of the literature shows that almost all classes of microalgae possess the diazote oxide emission property. At the same time, it was not possible to find data on the study of this phenomenon in Russia and Russian-language publications on this topic.
Iskemia Tungkai Akut: Perspektif Baru pada Diagnosis, Pengobatan, dan Upaya Pencegahan Amputasi
Authors: Balqis Fathinnisa Adillah , Ermawan Romi , Nugraha Gede Rama Hardy , Ragad Putra , Dewi Komang Puspa , Ramadhani Dhea Asty , Rizky Muhammad Ilham
Published: January 2025

Acute Limb Ischemia (ALI) is a medical emergency caused by a sudden decrease in blood flow to the extremities, often within less than two weeks. This review examines the definition, epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical presentation, and management of ALI. The condition is primarily triggered by thrombosis or embolism in arteries previously affected by atherosclerosis. Characteristic symptoms include the "6 Ps": pain, paresthesia, poikilothermia, paralysis, pulselessness, and pallor. Diagnosis involves a combination of medical history, physical examination, and imaging, particularly Doppler ultrasound. Management strategies focus on prompt revascularization using catheter-directed thrombolysis, open embolectomy, or percutaneous mechanical thrombectomy. The Rutherford classification is employed to assess severity and guide treatment plans. Timely and effective intervention significantly improves patient outcomes, minimizes the risk of major amputation, and preserves limb function. This study emphasizes the importance of multidisciplinary collaboration in ALI management to optimize prognosis.
Penerapan Data Mining untuk Menemukan Pola Asosiasi Aktivitas Belajar dan Prestasi Santri Menggunakan Algoritma Apriori
Authors: Hudawi Ahmad , Anam Khoirul , Rahman Miftahur
Published: January 2025

Education in Islamic boarding schools is unique, integrating cognitive, character, and spiritual development. This study aims to uncover the relationship between students' learning activities and academic achievement using data mining techniques with the Apriori algorithm. A quantitative approach was applied, analyzing data on learning activities and academic performance. Data preprocessing and the Apriori algorithm were employed using RapidMiner software to identify association patterns between variables. Findings indicate a significant relationship between class attendance, study hours, discussion participation, and extracurricular achievements with academic performance. The association rules revealed that consistent attendance and active learning participation positively influence academic achievement, with confidence levels of 70-80% for "Good" performance categories. This study offers actionable insights for Islamic boarding schools to design more effective learning strategies and emphasizes the potential of data-driven education to enhance student outcomes..
Tren Global dan Lokal dalam Penurunan Stunting: Analisis Bibliometrik dari Studi Terpilih
Authors: Pasli Imam
Published: January 2025

Stunting is a serious public health problem with high prevalence in developing countries, including Indonesia, which has a significant impact on child development. This study aims to analyze global and local trends in stunting reduction, by identifying factors that influence the effectiveness of policies and programs in reducing stunting prevalence. Bibliometric analysis methods were used to review and evaluate relevant literature, identifying successes and challenges in implementing stunting interventions. The findings suggest that effective management of stunting requires a multi-sectoral approach involving health, nutrition, sanitation, and education. The analysis emphasizes the importance of coordinated policies and specifically designed intervention programs, as well as community engagement. This study provides important insights for policymakers and health practitioners in designing more effective strategies to address stunting in the future.
Transformasi Digital Pengelolaan Keuangan Daerah dalam Mewujudkan Agile government pada Reformasi Birokrasi 4.0
Authors: Rahmadany Andi Fitri
Published: January 2025

Berbagai persoalan dalam pengelolaan keuangan daerah yang belum optimal menghambat efektivitas, efisiensi, transparansi dan akuntabilitas penyelenggaraan pelayanan publik.  Dengan demikian, tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis bagaimana transformasi digital dalam pengelolaan keuangan daerah dapat mendukung terciptanya agile government dalam konteks reformasi birokrasi 4.0. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif dengan desain studi literatur dengan teknik analisis deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa transformasi digital keuangan daerah belum optimal, masih terhambat oleh kurangnya pemahaman dan pelatihan bagi aparat, serta ketimpangan infrastruktur teknologi, dan tantangan seperti resistensi terhadap perubahan dan kurangnya infrastruktur. Secara keseluruhan, transformasi digital dan agile government saling mendukung dalam upaya reformasi birokrasi dan peningkatan kualitas pelayanan publik di Indonesia. Pendekatan strategis untuk mengoptimalkan transformasi digital pengelolaan keuangan daerah dalam mewujudkan agile government reformasi birokrasi 4.0 secara garis besar menekankan pada penciptaan kultur birokrasi baru yang sigap, tangkas dan cerdas, SDM yang kompeten, program kerja yang efektif dan cepat memperoleh hasil yang maksimal yang didukung oleh integrasi teknologi di dalamnya. Pendekatan tersebut direpresentasikan melalui inovasi teknologi, kolaborasi, fokus pada kualitas pelayanan publik, pelatihan, keberlanjutan dan adaptasi, serta monitoring dan evaluasi berkala. Maka direkomendasikan pemerintah daerah perlu secara kolaboratif membentuk forum percepatan transformasi digital pengelolaan keuangan daerah lintas stakeholder dengan melibatkan partisipasi berbagai elemen masyarakat
JALAN BERMAKNA PEMECAHAN MASALAH: MENGELOLA FAKTOR PENENTU IMPLEMENTASI KEBIJAKAN TRANS METRO BANDUNG DI KOTA BANDUNG PROVINSI JAWA BARAT
Authors: Lestari Sandrina Fuji Indah , Hamdi Muchlis , Rahmah Mutia
Published: January 2025

Kemacetan merupakan salah satu permasalahan yang terjadi di perkotaan, salah satunya adalah Kota Bandung. Untuk mengatasi permasalahan ini, Pemerintah Kota Bandung telah menetapkan kebijakan tentang Trans Metro Bandung dengan tujuan untuk meningkatkan pelayanan dan penyediaan angkutan umum yang terpadu, aman, cepat, lancar, tertib, teratur, nyaman, handal dan efisien. Namun kenyataannya, kebijakan tersebut belum dapat mencapai tujuan yang ditetapkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor penentu serta upaya untuk mengoptimalkan keberhasilan implementasi kebijakan Trans Metro Bandung di Kota Bandung. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan postpositivist dengan teknik pengumpulan data berupa wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Teknik penentuan informan yang digunakan yaitu purposive sampling dan snowball sampling. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah pengumpulan, kondensasi, penyajian, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat faktor yang menghambat implementasi kebijakan Trans Metro Bandung, yakni kesulitan pelaksanaan instrumen kebijakan, ketidakjelasan desain kebijakan terkait sumber daya dan perubahan target, ketidakcukupan sumber daya yang dibutuhkan, ketidakmampuan pelaksanaan SOP, dan rendahnya tingkat kemanfaatan yang dirasakan masyarakat. Hasil penelitian ini juga menunjukkan adanya faktor pendukung implementasi kebijakan Trans Metro Bandung yaitu tepatnya instrumen kebijakan, adanya struktur pengawasan, tepatnya desain kelembagaan, kecukupan sumber daya yang dibutuhkan, dan adanya keterlibatan masyarakat. Upaya yang perlu dilakukan untuk mengoptimalkan Implementasi Kebijakan Trans Metro Bandung di Kota Bandung adalah dengan mengintegrasikan transportasi massal yang menghubungkan Bandung Raya, peningkatan kualitas layanan Trans Metro Bandung, dan melakukan rekrutmen SDM pengelola informasi yang kompeten dan promosi layanan Trans Metro Bandung yang tepat.
Kata kunci: Implementasi Kebijakan, Kebijakan Transportasi, Trans Metro Bandung
PEMBERDAYAAN PETANI IKAN PATIN UNTUK MENINGKATKAN PENDAPATAN DESA KOTO MESJID KECAMATAN XIII KOTO KAMPAR KABUPATEN KAMPAR PROVINSI RIAU
Authors: Faridzi Muhammad Adel , Mulyana Mulyana
Published: January 2025

ABSTRAK. Desa Koto Mesjid merupakan pusat kawasan perikanan budidaya ikan patin yang ada di Kecamatan XIII Koto Kampar. Tiada Rumah Tanpa Kolam menjadi motto desa ini. Namun, dengan segala potensi perikanan budidaya ikan patin yang ada masih belum dikelola secara maksimal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh gambaran tentang pemberdayaan oleh Dinas Perikanan Kabupaten Kampar terhadap petani ikan patin dalam meningkatkan pendapatan masyarakat di Desa Koto Mesjid. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kualitatif dengan pendekatan induktif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa upaya pemberdayaan petani ikan patin yang dilakukan melalui pelatihan, pendampingan, dan kerjasama lintas sektor yang berdampak positif terhadap peningkatan pendapatan petani ikan patin. Dinas Perikanan Kabupaten Kampar memiliki peran penting dalam menyelenggarakan kegiatan pemberdayaan kepada petani ikan patin. Kolaborasi antarpetani dalam kegiatan budidaya dan bantuan sarana prasarana juga berkontribusi dalam meningkatkan produktivitas para petani. Namun, pelaksanaan pemberdayaan masih terdapat beberapa hambatan seperti keterbatasan kemampuan para petani, kesulitan memperoleh bahan baku pakan ikan, cuaca yang sulit diprediksi serta keterbatasan fasilitas budidaya yang ada. Temuan ini menunjukkan pentingnya pemberdayaan yang berkelanjutan dan berbasis partisipatif untuk mencapai peningkatan pendapatan masyarakat.
Kata kunci: Bina Manusia, Bina Usaha, Bina Lingkungan, Bina Kelembagaan
DIMENSION OF SMART GOVERNANCE IN SUPPORTING PUBLIC SERVICES IN MADIUN CITY, EAST JAVA PROVINCE
Authors: Sulistiyo Heru
Published: January 2025

Smart Governance as one of the dimensions of a smart city is part of bureaucratic governance or management by utilizing information technology in the planning, implementation, control, supervision of development, and accountability sectors to support quality public services. The Madiun City Government is reforming bureaucratic governance or management by implementing the concept of smart governance because of the gap in public services such as the existence of services that are not in accordance with the established service standards, services that are not yet integrated, lack of transparency, there are still paid services, and queue management has not all been measured. The focus of this study is the dimension of smart governance in supporting public services which includes three elements, namely service, bureaucracy, and policy. This study uses a qualitative descriptive method with secondary data sources that are easily accessible and to save research costs. The results of the study indicate that not all public service applications are integrated between one Regional Apparatus Organization (OPD) and another. In the context of smart governance, the development of e-gov applications must be directed towards integrated & inter-operability e-gov or those that communicate and are connected between one application and another and across Regional Apparatus Organizations (OPD) or what is called Smart e-Gov. In addition to the connectivity between Regional Apparatus Organizations (OPD) in service applications, so that public participation in the formulation of public policies increases, the public can also easily access the government policy information system (Regional Regulations and Regional Head Regulations). Regional heads as leaders have a very important role in improving public services because leaders are the ones who will make something happen and achieve goals.
POLITICAL STABILITY VERSUS LOCAL OLIGARCHY
Authors: Nurhadi Sandi , Fauzan Fauzan Hidayat
Published: January 2025

This reserach aims to analyze the impact of the extended tenure of village heads, as regulated by Law No. 3 of 2024, on village governance, particularly in terms of accountability, leadership stability, and public participation. Using the Systematic Literature Review (SLR) approach, this research synthesizes findings from various academic sources focusing on good governance practices in local government. The results reveal that longer tenure offers opportunities for sustainable development by providing continuity in leadership and reducing political disruptions. However, it also introduces significant risks, including the potential misuse of power and a decline in public participation in supervision. The findings emphasize the need for robust monitoring mechanisms and increased community involvement to balance the benefits and risks associated with extended leadership terms. This study concludes with recommendations for strengthening transparency and accountability to improve village governance and prevent corruption in the long run.
THE GENERAL ELECTION SUPERVISORY BODY'S STRATEGY IN PREVENTING VIOLATIONS IN THE 2024 ELECTION IN BANDUNG DISTRICT, WEST JAVA PROVINCE
Authors: Islaam Muhammad Zakii Izzul
Published: January 2025

Bawaslu Bandung Regency always updates and improves strategies that are different from previous elections so that cases of election violations can be minimized. However, the strategy made and pursued by Bawaslu Bandung Regency for the 2024 Election has still not been able to suppress violations that have occurred, even the strategy for the 2024 Election shows that the number of violations is getting higher than the 2019 election. To find out and analyze the strategies carried out by Bawaslu in preventing violations in the 2024 elections in Bandung Regency. This research uses a qualitative method, then the technical sample used is purposive sampling and snowball sampling. The strategy of the Election Supervisory Agency (Bawaslu) of Bandung Regency in preventing violations in the 2024 Election has involved a participatory approach by involving all stakeholders. This strategy aims to increase integrity and honesty in the electoral process and ensure elections that are free from violations through effective supervision. The main supporting factor in Bawaslu's strategy is collaboration with various community organizations, educational institutions, and local governments. This collaboration allows Bawaslu to expand its network of election monitoring and education to the community, especially vulnerable groups who are prone to being targeted by money politics. However, Bawaslu also faces obstacles such as budget constraints and less than optimal community participation. To overcome these obstacles, Bawaslu needs to continue to increase collaboration and strengthen networks with various external institutions, including legal institutions and community organizations. The Bandung Regency Bawaslu's strategy in preventing violations in the 2024 elections involves a combination of participatory approaches and cross-sectoral cooperation. The success of this strategy depends on Bawaslu's ability to adapt to the macro and micro environment, utilize existing resources, and overcome various obstacles that hinder the election supervision process.
Negotiating the Problems of Diversity: A Post-Civil War Legislative Simulation
Authors: Jendrysik Mark
Published: January 2025

Students in the course take part in a semester long simulation of a country “Marashia” that has just come out of a decade long civil war. This course is a “long-form” simulation playing out over the course of a semester. This course is designed to meet one of my university’s goals for diversity as this course provides essentials studies (general education) credit for “analyzing worldview.”
Efektivitas Jenis Umpan dan Spesies Tikus di Pabrik Gilingan Gabah Desa Malonas Kecamatan Dampelas Kabupaten Donggala
Authors: Shadiq Moh , Syukur S Djuanidil , Respito Andi , Santriana Santriana , Agustiany Dessy
Published: January 2025

Latar Belakang: Leptospirosis dan pes adalah penyakit zoonosis yang sering ditularkan oleh tikus, terutama di lingkungan industri seperti pabrik penggilingan gabah. Pemilihan umpan yang efektif dalam perangkap tikus merupakan langkah penting untuk mengurangi populasi tikus dan risiko penyebaran penyakit ini. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan efektivitas berbagai jenis umpan (gabah, kelapa bakar, dan jagung manis) dalam menangkap tikus serta mengidentifikasi spesies tikus yang dominan di pabrik penggilingan gabah. Metode: Menggunakan jenis penelitian eksperimen semu (quasi eksperiment). Desain penelitian yang digunakan post test only non equivalent control group. Populasi adalah seluruh tikus yang berada di penggilingan gabah, sampel diambil secara accidental sejumlah 45 ekor tikus, dengan menggunakan jenis umpan gabah, kelapa bakar dan jagung manis. Variabel penelitianya adalah umpan gabah, kelapa bakar dan jagung manis serta tikus hidup. Hasil: Hasil menunjukkan bahwa umpan jagung manis memiliki efektivitas tertinggi (42,5%), diikuti oleh gabah (37,5%) dan kelapa bakar (32,5%). Spesies tikus yang dominan adalah Rattus rattus diardii (91%). Temuan ini menunjukkan pentingnya pemilihan umpan yang sesuai untuk meningkatkan keberhasilan pengendalian tikus. Kesimpulan: Penggunaan jagung manis sebagai umpan utama dapat menjadi strategi efektif dalam program pengendalian tikus di lingkungan industri. Selain itu, hasil ini mendukung pentingnya pendekatan berbasis spesies dalam pengelolaan populasi tikus. Fokus pada Pengelolaan Lingkungan dengan menutup akses tikus dan mengurangi sumber daya yang menarik mereka.
Multi-objective optimization of structured material parameters for reducing broadband aircraft noise across various frequencies
Authors: Kone Tenon Charly , Ghinet Sebastian , Panneton Raymond , Grewal Anant
Published: January 2025

Introduction

Controlling broadband noise across the entire frequency spectrum, from low to high frequencies, remains a critical challenge in aerospace, transportation, and construction industries. Current acoustic metamaterials are effective primarily for low-frequency noise but suffer from narrow-band resonances that limit their application for broader-band noise attenuation.

Methods

This study introduces an innovative structured material system comprising a parallel assembly of structured materials and Helmholtz Resonators embedded within a fiberglass layer. A multi-objective optimization approach based on a surrogate model was employed to fine-tune the parameters of each structured material. The optimization process allowed precise grouping of individual resonant frequencies, thereby broadening the effective resonance frequency band to address low- and high-frequency noise.

Results

The proposed structured material system demonstrated significant broadband noise attenuation across a wide frequency range. The optimized configuration achieved effective noise reduction while adhering to practical implementation constraints, providing a feasible solution for industrial applications.

Discussion

This study underscores the importance of optimization in advancing noise control technologies. By overcoming the limitations of narrow-band resonances, the proposed approach achieves effective broadband noise attenuation, addressing critical challenges in aerospace, transportation, and construction. The integration of structured materials and Helmholtz Resonators, optimized using a surrogate model, broadens the resonance frequency band while meeting practical implementation requirements. These results highlight a viable and impactful solution for noise control across diverse industries.
I know what I shouldn’t say, but what should I say? An approach to present results without statistical significance
Authors: Healy Brian C.
Published: January 2025

There has been an important move away from the term “statistical significance” in the scientific and statistical community. The desire to “retire 0.05” is rooted in improving scientific reporting by ensuring that researchers report more information than simply whether a p-value passes a specific threshold. At the same time, the desire to stop using statistical significance has led to uncertainty regarding how to present results. In this paper, a two dimensional classification scheme using the estimated association and p-value/confidence interval is proposed to provide guidance regarding how to report results from studies.
Design of a wasp-inspired biopsy needle capable of self-propulsion and friction-based tissue transport
Authors: Bloemberg Jette , van Wees Suzanne , Kortman Vera G. , Sakes Aimée
Published: January 2025

Percutaneous pancreatic core biopsy is conclusive but challenging due to large-diameter needles, while smaller-diameter needles used in aspiration methods suffer from buckling and clogging. Inspired by the ovipositor of parasitic wasps, which resists buckling through self-propulsion and prevents clogging via friction-based transport, research has led to the integration of these functionalities into multi-segment needle designs or tissue transport system designs. This study aimed to combine these wasp-inspired functionalities into a single biopsy needle by changing the interconnection of the needle segments. The resulting biopsy needle features six parallel needle segments interconnected by a ring passing through slots along the length of the needle segments, enabling a wasp-inspired reciprocating motion. Actuation employs a cam and follower mechanism for controlled translation of the segments. The needle prototype, constructed from nitinol rods and stainless steel rings, measures 3 mm in outer diameter and 1 mm in inner diameter. Testing in gelatin phantoms demonstrated efficient gelatin core transport (up to 69.9% ± 9.1% transport efficiency) and self-propulsion (0.842 ± 0.042 slip ratio). Future iterations should aim to reduce the outer diameter while maintaining tissue yield. The design offers a promising new avenue for wasp-inspired medical tools, potentially enhancing early pancreatic cancer detection, thus reducing healthcare costs and patient complications.
Differences between 3D printed concrete and 3D printing reinforced concrete technologies: a review
Authors: Momeni Komeil , Vatin Nikolai Ivanovich , Hematibahar Mohammad , Gebre Tesfaldet Hadgembes
Published: January 2025

This review aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of the difference between 3D printed concrete (3DPC) and 3D printing reinforced concrete (3DPRC) technologies, as well as potential future paths for these technologies based on current consolidated approaches. Although 3D printed reinforced concrete technology attempts to strengthen reinforced concrete using 3D printing technologies with polymer ingredients, 3D printed concrete technology concentrates on printing concrete for building concrete structures. In recent years, both technologies have advanced rapidly and become a global research innovation hotspot due to their advantages over traditional construction technology, such as high building efficiency, low labor costs, and less construction waste. Unfortunately, there are several issues with 3DPC and 3DPRC technologies, including competing rheological requirements, integrating hurdles, inadequate interlayer bonding, and anisotropic properties of the material that result in lacking structural performance. The findings of the investigation discuss research gaps and theoretical possibilities for future development in both 3D printing technologies, which can advance concrete technology and safeguard structures under various loads. In the present study, two distinct 3D printing technologies are analyzed, along with their respective uses in material and structural engineering. Additionally, the advantages, methods, and materials utilized for the two types of 3D printing technology are described, and the difficulties and solutions associated with using 3D printed concrete in real-world projects are demonstrated. None of the earlier investigations examined the differences between these two technologies. Although 3DPRC technologies aim to strengthen concrete by incorporating various forms of 3D printed technology, 3DPC technology has been studied for its mechanical qualities and concrete rheology. Meanwhile, engineers in 3D printed concrete technologies try to improve large-scale 3D printers and the mechanical properties of printed concrete, while 3D printing reinforced concrete engineers try to design new patterns of 3D reinforcing patterns due to the improved mechanical properties of concrete. The present study examines the differences between 3DPC and 3DPRC technologies.
Hyodeoxycholic acid inhibits colorectal cancer proliferation through the FXR/EREG/EGFR axis
Authors: Pang Qiang , Huang Shansong , Li Xiaodong , Cao Jiaqing
Published: January 2025

Background

The high morbidity and mortality rates of colorectal cancer (CRC) have been a public health concern globally, and the search for additional therapeutic options is imminent. Hyodeoxycholic acid (HDCA) has been receiving attention in recent years and has demonstrated potent efficacy in several diseases. Nonetheless, the antitumor effects and molecular pathways of HDCA in CRC remain largely unexplored.

Methods

In this study, we investigated how HDCA influences the growth potential of CRC cells using techniques such as flow cytometry, Edu assay, CCK-8, colony formation assay, Western blot analysis, and animal experiments.

Results

It was found that HDCA treatment of CRC cells was able to significantly inhibit the proliferative capacity of the cells. Furthermore, it was discovered that HDCA primarily stimulated Farnesoid X Receptor (FXR) rather than Takeda G protein coupled receptor 5 (TGR5) to suppress CRC growth. It was also confirmed that HDCA inhibited the Epiregulin (EREG)/Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) pathway by activating FXR, and a negative correlation between FXR and EREG was analyzed in CRC tissue samples. Finally, in vivo animal studies confirmed that HDCA inhibited CRC proliferation without hepatotoxicity.

Conclusion

Our findings indicate that HDCA suppresses the EREG/EGFR signaling route by activating FXR, thereby hindering the growth of CRC cells and demonstrating a tumor-inhibiting effect in CRC. This study may provide a new therapeutic strategy to improve the prognosis of CRC.
Recent advances in the regulatory and non-coding RNA biology of osteogenic differentiation: biological functions and significance for bone healing
Authors: Aranguren Samaris , Cole Hisae , Dargan Lauren Jeannette , Sarlo Madison , Choi Sumin , Satapathy Isha , de Vasconcellos Jaira Ferreira
Published: January 2025

Injuries associated with contemporary life, such as automobile crashes and sports injuries, can lead to large numbers of traumatic neuromuscular injuries that are intimately associated with bone fractures. Regulatory and non-coding RNAs play essential roles in multiple cellular processes, including osteogenic differentiation and bone healing. In this review, we discuss the most recent advances in our understanding of the regulatory and non-coding RNA biology of osteogenic differentiation in stem, stromal and progenitor cells. We focused on circular RNAs, small nucleolar RNAs and PIWI-interacting RNAs and comprehensively summarized their biological functions as well as discussed their significance for bone healing and tissue regeneration.
Exploring the NANOG-TET2 interaction interface. Effects of a selected mutation and hypothesis on the clinical correlation with anemias
Authors: Testi Claudia , Piacentini Roberta , Perrone Alessandro , Bartoli Chiara , Leso Daniele , Pavia Domitilla , Pistolesi Elisa , Scipione Flavio , Cotronea Irene , Adinolfi Falcone Marco , Ierani Marco , Boffi Alberto , Di Rienzo Lorenzo
Published: January 2025

In this study, we focused on the computational analysis of a selected single-point mutation identified by a NGS screening panel in the TET2 enzyme classified as “variant of uncertain clinical significance.” The mutation, namely Q1084P, occurs at the interface between TET2, an important epigenetic regulator, and NANOG, a transcription factor fundamental for hematopoietic cells differentiation. Notably, the mutation occurs in a protein region distant from the active site; moreover, the experimental structures of the interacting region of both proteins are unknown, making it difficult to validate the impact of TET2 mutation on its binding with NANOG. To address these challenges, we employed an integrated computational approach combining molecular docking, molecular dynamics simulations and protein-protein interaction prediction. Our findings indicate that the single-point mutation might effectively reduce the TET2-NANOG interaction, which would consequently impair cells differentiation and hematopoiesis process, consistent with the clinical presentation of pure red cell aplastic anemia. These results, along with the proposed computational method, provide insights for establishing clinical correlations between variants of uncertain significance and anemias in general, comprising common hematological problems widespread in the world population and for which dedicated NGS panels are still not available.
Increased rate of multidrug-resistant gram-negative bacterial infections in hospitalized immunocompromised pediatric patients
Authors: Khafaja Sarah , Salameh Yara , Boutros Celina F. , Awad Cherine , Faour Kawthar , Tfaily Nadim , Merhi Sarah , Zein Zeinab El , Karroum Samer Bou , Oweini Dana , Fayad Danielle , Araj George F. , Zakhour Ramia , Dbaibo Ghassan S.
Published: January 2025

Introduction

Multidrug resistant Gram-negative bacterial infections are considered a major public health threat. Immunocompromised pediatric patients are at a great risk of severe or overwhelming infections. The aim of this study was to describe the frequency of infections with multidrug resistant (MDR) Gram-negative bacteria (GNB) in immunocompromised pediatric patients and to determine the risk factors. In addition, we aimed to identify the antimicrobial resistance patterns of these isolates.

Materials and methods

This was a retrospective observational study conducted at the American University of Beirut Medical Center (AUBMC) from 2009 to 2017. The study included immunocompromised patients 18 years of age or younger with infections caused by Gram-negative bacteria isolated from a sterile site, or nonsterile site in the setting of clinical infection.

Results

A total of 381 episodes of infection with GNB in 242 immunocompromised pediatric patients were identified. The mean age was 7.7 years. The most common pathogens were Enterobacterales followed by Pseudomonas and Acinetobacter spp. MDR GNB infections predominated causing 72% of the episodes, with alarming MDR rates among Escherichia coli (95.7%) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (82.7%). The overall rate of MDR GNB isolated increased from 62.7% in 2015 to 90% in 2017. Thrombocytopenia, chemotherapy and previous colonization or infection with the same organism during the past 12 months were found to be independent risk factors for infection with MDR GNB.

Conclusion

This study provides data on the epidemiology of infections with MDR GNB in immunocompromised pediatric patients and illustrates the alarmingly high prevalence of these infections. This necessitates the frequent revisiting of treatment guidelines in these high-risk patients and the implementation of judicious antimicrobial stewardship programs and infection control policies to stabilize or decrease the prevalence of these infections.
Ammonia and hydrogen sulfide - new insights into gut microbiota and male infertility through meta-analysis
Authors: Hao Yanan , Du Xin , Cai Chang , Zhao Yong , Ren Yonglin
Published: January 2025

Background

Ammonia (NH3) and hydrogen sulfide (H2S) are produced during digestion in the human gut, yet the impact of these internally generated gases on male reproduction have received limited attention in scientific research.

Methods

We systematically reviewed 935 scientific publications, spanning from 1947 to 2023, focusing on external or internal NH3 and/or H2S, male infertility, and gut microbiota. Meta-analysis was conducted to evaluate the summary relative risk (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of combined studies.

Results

Our findings revealed that the internal NH3 and/or H2S were negatively related to the Lactobacillus, which is beneficial to male fertility, whereas NH3 and H2S were positively related to Bacteroides, which showed negative effects on male fertility. The meta-analysis comparing Lactobacillus and Bacteroides levels with NH3 showed statistically significant results (p<0.001).

Conclusions

The meta-analysis is the first to confirm these facts and explored the potential existence of a gut microbiota-inner gases-male fertility axis in the human gut.
Optimizing the production and efficacy of antimicrobial bioactive compounds from Streptomyces kanamyceticus in combating multi-drug-resistant pathogens
Authors: Shang Zifang , Sharma Vipasha , Pai Liu , Kumar Tarun , Patil Sandip
Published: January 2025

Background

The rise of antibiotic-resistant pathogens has intensified the search for novel antimicrobial agents. This study aimed to isolate Streptomyces kanamyceticus from local soil samples and evaluate its antimicrobial properties, along with optimizing the production of bioactive compounds.

Methods

Soil samples were collected from local regions, processed, and analysed for Streptomyces strains isolation using morphological characteristics and molecular identification through 16S rRNA gene PCR assay. Antimicrobial activity was assessed against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, and Candida albicans using the double-layer method, while Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) values were determined. The extracted compounds underwent Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis for functional group identification. Optimization of bioactive compound production was performed using a Central Composite Design (CCD) coupled with Partial Least Squares Regression (PLSR).

Results

A total of 25 distinct Streptomyces strains were isolated, with seven confirmed as S. kanamyceticus. These strains exhibited antimicrobial activity, with inhibition zones reaching 30 mm and MIC values between 20 and 70 µg/mL. The extraction yielded 150-200 mL of bioactive compounds. Optimization studies revealed that a medium containing 10 g/L glucose and 10 g/L glycine max meal maximized antibiotic production.

Conclusion

This study confirmed that S. kanamyceticus is a promising source of novel antibiotics. The combination of microbial isolation, antimicrobial testing, and statistical optimization successfully enhanced the production of bioactive compounds, contributing to the search for effective antimicrobial agents against resistant pathogens.
From accent to content: the effect of Spanish accents on message credibility
Authors: González-Martín Ana María , Berd-Gómez Rachid , Marín-Gutiérrez Alejandro , Abrahamse Elger
Published: January 2025

The current study tested the potential effect of regional-accented speech on perceived credibility. Canarian and Madrid listeners were presented with a series of audio recordings in which speakers read out loud news items with either a Canarian or a Madrid accent, and they were tasked to rate the credibility of each news item. The within-subject manipulation of accent demonstrated a small but significant effect on credibility judgment, which was not moderated by listener’s origin. Specifically, in line with socio-linguistic stereotyping, news items presented in a Canarian accent were judged as less credible on average than news items presented in a Madrid accent. These findings are discussed both within the perspective of cognitive-linguistic theory, and within a sociological perspective.
Assessing and evaluating human-wildlife interactions for coexistence in shared landscapes
Authors: Ferraz Katia Maria Paschoaletto Micchi de Barros , Bento Isabella de Freitas , Di Souza Anna Beatriz Queiroz , Nunes Caio da Silveira , Guimarães Maria Augusta de Mendonça , Pereira Monicque Silva , da Silva Livia Lima , de Campos Letícia Keiko Nunes , Gobbi Anita Seneme , Alves José Caio Quadrado , Alvarez Loisa Fabrícia Prates , Marchini Silvio , de Aquino Ana Carla Medeiros Morato , Sato Vinicius Kenji de Moraes , Paolino Roberta Montanheiro
Published: January 2025

Land sharing strategies for conciliating biodiversity conservation and human development usually do not consider the need to deal with human-wildlife conflicts, a type of human-wildlife interaction (HWI). To measure, monitor and solve conflicts is fundamental to achieve the coexistence necessary to promote environmental and social justice. Here, we present a new approach to assess and evaluate HWI aiming to inform decision-making regarding conflicts. We developed a method to classify and map events between humans and wildlife according to their nature, context and effect for both sides, distinguishing what an encounter (unidirectional) is and what an interaction (bidirectional effect) is. We typified and categorized HWI regarding their effects (positive or negative) for both sides. We compiled opportunistic observations from events between humans and wildlife in a shared landscape (campus Luiz de Queiroz, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil) from February 2022 until April 2024. We created a standardized table, performed descriptive statistics, used Minimum Bounding Geometry and Kernel Density, a simple method idealized to assist scientists and managers in different contexts. We had a total of 570 events, of which 297 were characterized as encounters and 273 as HWI. We recorded 42 animal taxa related to the events, of which 36 interacted with humans, being Nasua nasua, Cairina moschata, and Didelphis albiventris the most frequent ones. We identified 16 types of HWI that can occur in shared landscapes, 10 were categorized as Human-Wildlife Conflict, six as Unsustainable Use, four as Wildlife Damage and three as Convivencia, with some classified in more than one category. Among them, 10 occurred in our studied landscape with Unintentional Feeding being the most frequent one. We classified for the first time Unexpected Encounter, Accident Avoidance and Chase Away as HWI. Spaces of interaction were close to main buildings, central lawn and cats’ feeding sites. Our approach was useful to prioritize species and stakeholders, and to identify the large amount of food supply due to inadequate waste disposal and domestic cat feeding as the primary reason for most of HWI in our studied landscape. We recommend a comprehensive characterization of HWI to find interconnections and guide strategies for coexistence.