bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Magnetic field coupling microfluidic synthesis of diluted magnetic semiconductor quantum dots: the case of Co doping ZnSe quantum dots
Authors: Zhao Xiaoxiong , Liang Hongxia , Chen Yonggang , Chen Xinhua , Zhang Weiwei , Wang Junmei , Zhang Guangqing , Belotelov Vladimir I. , Song Yujun
Published: March 2021

Magnetic field coupling microfluidic synthesis of ZnCoSe QDs. The particle size and doping amount of QDs can be adjusted by adjusting the applied field, thereby realizing online control of the magnetic and optical properties of QDs.
Aerosol-assisted nanostructuring of nickel/cobalt oxide thin films for viable electrochemical hydrazine sensing
Authors: Rehman Abdul , Ehsan Muhammad Ali , Afzal Adeel , Ali Asghar , Iqbal Naseer
Published: March 2021

NiO–CoO-nanoparticle (NP) and NiO–CoO-nanowall (NW) films are fabricated by aerosol assisted chemical vapor deposition (AACVD) over FTO substrates for the electrochemical detection of hydrazine.
2D bimetallic Ni/Fe MOF nanosheet composites as a peroxidase-like nanozyme for colorimetric assay of multiple targets
Authors: Li Qiutong , Wang Qian , Li Ying , Zhang Xiaodan , Huang Yuming
Published: March 2021

2D Ni/Fe MOF nanosheet was prepared by a simple two-step ultrasound strategy. Its peroxidase-like activity is 14 and 3 times that of the Ni-MOF and Fe-MOF due to nanosheet structure of Ni-MOF and dispersion of Fe MOF with unsaturated metal sites.
Etching-induced highly porous polymeric carbon nitride with enhanced photocatalytic hydrogen evolution
Authors: Wang Xiang , Xia Yuguo , Wang Haimei , Jiao Xiuling , Chen Dairong
Published: March 2021

An etching-induced highly porous structure improves the charge separation process of polymeric carbon nitride, resulting in enhanced photocatalytic hydrogen evolution.
Copper-catalyzed cyclization reaction: synthesis of trifluoromethylated indolinyl ketones
Authors: Ji Wangqin , Wu Hai-Hong , Li Wenbo , Zhang Junliang
Published: March 2021

A novel, simple, efficient copper-catalyzed cyclization reaction between N-methylaniline substrates and β-(trifluoromethyl)-α,β-unsaturated ketones was developed.
A PDA-DTC/Cu–MnO2 nanoplatform for MR imaging and multi-therapy for triple-negative breast cancer treatment
Authors: Hu Xiaochun , Lu Yonglin , Zhao Wenrong , Sun Menglin , Li Ruihao , Feng Lei , Yao Tianming , Dong Chunyan , Shi Shuo
Published: March 2021

The as-prepared PDA-DTC/Cu–MnO2 nanosystem will provide a powerful strategy for imaging-guided multi-therapy, thus improving the prognosis of TNBC.
The flexibility of long chain substituents influences spin-crossover in isomorphous lipid bilayer crystals
Authors: Galadzhun Iurii , Kulmaczewski Rafal , Shahid Namrah , Cespedes Oscar , Howard Mark J. , Halcrow Malcolm A.
Published: March 2021

These two compounds are isomorphous but show different spin-state behaviour on cooling. This may be influenced by the packing of alkyl vs. alkynyl chains in the solid state.
Reversible facile single-crystal-to-single-crystal polymorphic transition accompanied by unit cell volume expansion and twinning
Authors: Wang Kunlin , Wang Chenguang , Mishra Manish Kumar , Young Victor G. , Sun Changquan Calvin
Published: March 2021

Reversible and facile single-crystal-to-single-crystal transformation between two polymorphs of diphenhydramine citrate leads to molecular level understanding of crystal phase change.
Size-dependent solution-mediated phase transformation of piroxicam monohydrate particles
Authors: Yao Changlin , Wang Lei , Wang Xinyuan , Tao Xutang
Published: March 2021

The transformation from the piroxicam monohydrate to form I or form II could be achieved precisely by adjusting the particle size itself in the 99% acetone-1% H2O solvent at 31 °C.
Negative linear compressibility in nanoporous metal–organic frameworks rationalized by the empty channel structural mechanism
Authors: Colmenero Francisco
Published: March 2021

The behavior under pressure of zinc squarate tetrahydrate and titanium oxalate trioxide dihydrate metal–organic frameworks is studied. These materials exhibit significant NLC effects rationalized with the empty channel mechanism.
Multiscale polarizable coarse-graining water models on cluster-level electrostatic dipoles
Authors: Li Min , Zhang John Zeng Hui
Published: March 2021

A cluster containing 4–10 all-atom (AA) water molecules is coarse-grained (CG) into a three-point polarizable model on atomic M1 and bond-relevant M2 dipoles.
Heat transport and surface functionalization in nanocomposites of boron nitride nanotubes and polyethylene
Authors: Ren Yuanyang , Wu Yang , Xiao Bing , Wu Kai , Cubero David
Published: March 2021

Boron nitride nanotubes are added to polyethylene with coupling agents to enhance heat transport. They boost heat transfer in nano-fabricated electrical insulators, with the possibility for controlling the direction of heat conduction via the nanotube orientation.
Thiol adsorption on metal oxide nanoparticles
Authors: Grimm Owen C. , Somaratne R. M. Dulanga S. , Wang Yiwen , Kim Sol , Whitten James E.
Published: March 2021

Does thiol adsorption occur on (naturally hydroxylated) metal oxide nanoparticles?
Sustainable production of 5-hydroxymethyl furfural from glucose for process integration with high fructose corn syrup infrastructure
Authors: Chang Hochan , Bajaj Ishan , Motagamwala Ali Hussain , Somasundaram Arun , Huber George W. , Maravelias Christos T. , Dumesic James A.
Published: March 2021

Development of an economic and sustainable process for production of a biomass-derived platform chemicals, 5-hydroxymethyl furfural (HMF), utilizing the infrastructure for production of high fructose corn syrup (HFCS).
Boosting chemoselective reduction of 4-nitrostyrene via photoinduced energetic electrons from in situ formed Cu nanoparticles on carbon dots
Authors: Ren Yuqi , Hao Caihong , Chang Qing , Li Ning , Yang Jinlong , Hu Shengliang
Published: March 2021

A stable nanocatalyst combining carbon dots and Cu nanoparticles shows over 99% selectivity for the formation of 4-aminostyrene at 100% conversion of 4-nitrostyrene in an aqueous solvent under illumination.
Partial sulfidation for constructing Cu2O–CuS heterostructures realizing enhanced electrochemical glucose sensing
Authors: Zhang Sai , Mou Xiaoming , Cui Zhao , Hou Changmin , Yang Wenlong , Gao Hongtao , Luo Xiliang
Published: March 2021

A Cu2O–CuS heterostructure was constructed to elucidate the relationship between heterojunctions and electrochemical glucose sensing.
Recent advances in nickel-catalyzed C–C and C–N bond formation via HA and ADC reactions
Authors: Subaramanian Murugan , Sivakumar Ganesan , Balaraman Ekambaram
Published: March 2021

In this review article, recent advances in nickel-catalyzed hydrogen auto-transfer (HA) and acceptorless dehydrogenative coupling (ADC) reactions for the construction of C–C and C–N bonds have been discussed.
Manganese-catalyzed dehydrogenative Csp3–Csp2 coupling of imidazo[1,2-a]pyridines with methyl ketones
Authors: Yao Hua , Zhong Xiaoyang , Wang Bingqing , Lin Sen , Liu Lichi , Yan Zhaohua
Published: March 2021

A Mn(ii)-catalyzed efficient C–H alkylation of imidazoheterocycles with methyl ketones has been developed via dehydrogenative C(sp3)–C(sp2) coupling which can serve as a novel approach toward hydrocarboxylated imidazolopyridines.
A fluorescent calix[4]arene with naphthalene units at the upper rim exhibits long fluorescence emission lifetime without fluorescence quenching
Authors: Takahashi Masaki , Tsuji Naoya , Yazaki Kohei , Sei Yoshihisa , Obata Makoto
Published: March 2021

Macrocyclic structure brings long fluorescence lifetime emission without fluorescence quenching and TD-DFT calculations revealed π–π interactions between the naphthalene rings.
Recent progress in metal–organic framework/graphene-derived materials for energy storage and conversion: design, preparation, and application
Authors: Wang Kaixi , Hui Kwun Nam , San Hui Kwan , Peng Shaojun , Xu Yuxi
Published: March 2021

This review summarizes comprehensively the latest methods of synthesizing MOFs/graphene and their derivatives, and their application in energy storage and conversion with a detailed analysis of the structure–property relationship.
Organoruthenium-catalyzed chemical protein synthesis to elucidate the functions of epigenetic modifications on heterochromatin factors
Authors: Kamo Naoki , Kujirai Tomoya , Kurumizaka Hitoshi , Murakami Hiroshi , Hayashi Gosuke , Okamoto Akimitsu
Published: March 2021

Chemical protein synthesis assisted by an organoruthenium catalyst streamlined the production of heterochromatin factors bearing various patterns of epigenetic modifications, and their biological significance was elucidated.
Correction: A neural network-based algorithm for high-throughput characterisation of viscoelastic properties of flowing microcapsules
Authors: Lin Tao , Wang Zhen , Wang Wen , Sui Yi
Published: March 2021

Correction for ‘A neural network-based algorithm for high-throughput characterisation of viscoelastic properties of flowing microcapsules’ by Tao Lin et al., Soft Matter, 2021, DOI: 10.1039/d0sm02121k.
Encapsulating Ag nanoparticles into ZIF-8 as an efficient strategy to boost uranium photoreduction without sacrificial agents
Authors: Jiang Pengyan , Yu Kaifu , Yuan Haibo , He Rong , Sun Mengping , Tao Feng , Wang Liangbing , Zhu Wenkun
Published: March 2021

Hot electrons generated over Ag nanoparticles were transferred to ZIF-8 to efficiently reduce adsorbed U(vi). The coherence between adsorption sites and electron acceptors directly contributes to the excellent U(vi) enrichment performance.
Singlet oxygen vs. triplet oxygen: functions of 2D-MoO3 catalysts in conquering catastrophic parasitic-reactions in lithium– and sodium–oxygen batteries
Authors: Li Jia-Hui , Wu Jie , Yu Yang-Xin
Published: March 2021

A 2D-MoO3 nanosheet was predicted both thermodynamically and kinetically to have functionalities to prevent singlet oxygen formation and thus increase the specific energy and cycling performance of Li– and Na–O2 cells.
A unique morphology and interface dual-engineering strategy enables the holey C@VO2 cathode with enhanced storage kinetics for aqueous Zn-ion batteries
Authors: Yang Ming , Ma Dingtao , Mi Hongwei , Yang Xiaodan , Wang Yanyi , Sun Lingna , Zhang Peixin
Published: March 2021

A unique morphology and interface dual-engineering strategy was proposed to design holey C@VO2 as an advanced cathode for aqueous Zn-ion batteries.
Ascorbic acid functionalized CdS–ZnO core–shell nanorods with hydrogen spillover for greatly enhanced photocatalytic H2 evolution and outstanding photostability
Authors: Sun Guotai , Xiao Bing , Zheng Hong , Shi Jian-Wen , Mao Siman , He Chi , Li Zhihui , Cheng Yonghong
Published: March 2021

In this work, a new kind of CdS–ZnO core–shell nanorods with controlled ZnO shell are first synthesized by a simple chemical deposition method in aqueous solution.
The design and synthesis of redox-responsive oridonin polymeric prodrug micelle formulation for effective gastric cancer therapy
Authors: Xu Luzhou , Zhu Lei , Zheng Kai , Liu Junlou , Tian Panpan , Hu Di , Wang Qianqian , Zuo Qiaoyun , Ouyang Xiaosong , Dai Yanna , Fu Yuxian , Dai Xinyi , Huang Fang , Cheng Jun
Published: March 2021

Novel redox-responsive oridonin polymeric prodrug micelles were prepared and it can effectively inhibit gastric cancer.
Commentary on: Calpain-2 participates in the process of calpain-1 inactivation
Authors: Kumari Raniki , Maiti Tushar Kanti
Published: March 2021

Calpain belongs to the calcium-dependent non-lysosomal cysteine protease. Calpain-1 (C1) and calpain-2 (C2) expression are ubiquitous in mammals and an important mediator of the action of calcium. Specific substrate cleavage by C1 and C2 is critical for several calcium-dependent cellular pathways including neuronal function, muscle contraction, signal transduction, cell differentiation, proliferation, and apoptosis. Research suggests that C1 and C2 perform similar functions due to their structurally highly similar isoforms. Increasing evidence suggests that C1 and C2 carry out their specific function in vivo. A recent paper published by Shinkai-Ouchi et al. (Bioscience Reports (2020) 40, DOI: 10.1042/BSR20200552) elucidated the mechanism to differentiate the function of each calpain with respect to the efficiency and longevity for proteolysis after activation. Further, the study represented that C1 and C2 do not synergistically perform their work in vitro. On the other hand, the activity of C1 is reduced in presence of C2. This insight establishes the platform for future studies to examine how C2 regulates the C1 for substrate proteolysis.
Making the Right Connections: Maximizing Lexical Generalization in Lexical Impairments in Primary Progressive Aphasia and Alzheimer's Disease
Authors: Beales Ashleigh , Whitworth Anne , Cartwright Jade , Panegyres Peter K. , Kane Robert T.
Published: March 2021

Purpose

Positive intervention effects following lexical retrieval interventions are increasingly reported with people with progressive language impairments; however, generalization of therapy gains are less frequently evident and less well understood. This study sought to explore the impact of specific therapy ingredients on generalization outcomes.

Method

Twelve participants with progressive lexical retrieval deficits (four each with semantic variant primary progressive aphasia, logopenic variant primary progressive aphasia, and Alzheimer's disease, amnestic presentation) and their family members participated in a 6-week intervention that aimed to increase access to different word classes (nouns, verbs, and adjectives) through a strategic self-cueing approach. Generalization was actively facilitated through strategy practice in connected speech. Repeated baselines of picture naming and connected speech were conducted prior to intervention and repeated immediately post and at 6 weeks following intervention.

Results

All three diagnostic groups showed significant improvements in naming performance post-intervention for all word classes and for both treated and untreated items, demonstrating consistent treatment effectiveness and generalization at the word level. No changes in the informativeness or efficiency of connected speech were found.

Conclusions

Despite heterogeneity across participants, widespread evidence of both treatment effects and generalization to untreated items was found for all diagnostic groups and word classes. The consistent within-level generalization across all groups is explored here in relation to optimization of strategy use through incorporation of cognitive scaffolds, strategic practice at the connected speech level, and the inclusion of family members. The absence of across-level generalization to connected speech is also explored.

Supplemental Material

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.14219771
Co‐optimisation of wind farm micro‐siting and cabling layouts
Authors: Al Shereiqi A. , Mohandes B. , Al‐Hinai A. , Bakhtvar M. , Al‐Abri R. , El Moursi M. S. , Albadi M.
Published: March 2021

Wind farm layout optimisation (WFLO) is carried out in this study considering the wake effect, and cabling connections and losses. The wind farm micro‐siting optimisation problem is formulated with the aid of Jensen's wake model. Cabling between the wind turbines and the point of common coupling is an important aspect of the wind farm design as it affects the capital investment as well as income over the lifetime of the wind farm. The cabling layout must satisfy the connection of the wind turbines to the point of common coupling in such a way that the total cable length is reduced while reliability is maintained. Introducing the cabling layout optimisation to the WFLO, further complicates the optimisation problem. An integrated tool is developed to optimise the wind farm layout and cabling simultaneously. The main contribution of this work is the development of an integrated tool that maximizes the energy production of the wind farm via optimal allocation of wind turbines with optimal cable routing. This tool considers the capital cost of wind turbines and cabling, wind farm power production, and power losses in the cabling over the lifetime of the wind farm. The proposed co‐optimisation problem is solved using genetic algorithm. The decision variables are the wind farm layout, cable paths and sizes, and the location of the point of common coupling within the land perimeter. A case study incorporating a multi‐speed and multi‐direction wind profile is carried out to demonstrate the applicability of the proposed approach. Moreover, the proposed methodology is compared to the separate optimisation method where the WFLO and cabling optimisation are solved sequentially with two separate steps. It is shown that the co‐optimisation method is superior in terms of cable power losses, overall wind farm cost, and compactness (land use).
Gravitational instability of solar prominence threads
Authors: Adrover-González A. , Terradas J. , Oliver R. , Carbonell M.
Published: March 2021

Context. Prominence threads are dense and cold structures lying on curved magnetic fields that can be suspended in the solar atmosphere against gravity.

Aims. The gravitational stability of threads, in the absence of non-ideal effects, is comprehensively investigated in the present work by means of an elementary but effective model.

Methods. Based on purely hydrodynamic equations in one spatial dimension and applying line-tying conditions at the footpoints of the magnetic field lines, we derive analytical expressions for the different feasible equilibria (se) and the corresponding frequencies of oscillation (ω).

Results. We find that the system allows for stable and unstable equilibrium solutions subject to the initial position of the thread (s0), its density contrast (ρt) and length (lt), and the total length of the magnetic field lines (L). The transition between the two types of solutions is produced at specific bifurcation points that have been determined analytically in some particular cases. When the thread is initially at the top of the concave magnetic field, that is at the apex, we find a supercritical pitchfork bifurcation, while for a shifted initial thread position with respect to this point the symmetry is broken and the system is characterised by an S-shaped bifurcation.

Conclusions. The plain results presented in this paper shed new light on the behaviour of threads in curved magnetic fields under the presence of gravity and help to interpret more complex numerical magnetohydrodynamics simulations about similar structures.
The genus Bilharziella vs. other bird schistosomes in snail hosts from one of the major recreational lakes in Poland
Authors: Stanicka Anna , Migdalski Łukasz , Zając Kamila Stefania , Cichy Anna , Lachowska-Cierlik Dorota , Żbikowska Elżbieta
Published: March 2021

Bird schistosomes are commonly established as the causative agent of swimmer's itch − a hyper-sensitive skin reaction to the penetration of their infective larvae. The aim of the present study was to investigate the prevalence of the genus Bilharziella in comparison to other bird schistosome species from Lake Drawsko − one of the largest recreational lakes in Poland, struggling with the huge problem of swimmer's itch. In total, 317 specimens of pulmonate snails were collected and examined. The overall digenean infection was 35.33%. The highest bird schistosome prevalence was observed for Bilharziella sp. (4.63%) in Planorbarius corneus, followed by Trichobilharzia szidati (3.23%) in Lymnaea stagnalis and Trichobilharzia sp. (1.3%) in Stagnicola palustris. The location of Bilharziella sp. on the presented phylogeny showed that it is with high probability a different species than known so far B. polonica. Our finding complements the confirmed occurrence of bird schistosomes in European water bodies. Overall, presented research reveals the special importance of P. corneus as a source of the bird schistosome cercariae. This study suggests that the health threat connected with the blood flukes need to be further investigated by constant monitoring of their occurrence in intermediate hosts.
Multi-objective optimization based optimal sizing & placement of multiple distributed generators for distribution network performance improvement
Authors: Markana Anilkumar , Trivedi Gargi , Bhatt Praghnesh
Published: March 2021

Integration of Distributed Generations (DGs) into radial distribution network (RDN) is an emerging need to explore the benefits of renewable energy sources (RES). Increasing penetration of RES based DGs in RDN without proper planning leads to several operational problems such as excessive energy losses, poor voltage quality and load balancing. Hence, in this work, multi-objective optimization (MOO) problem is formulated by carefully chosen three conflicting objectives such as power loss minimization, enhancement of load balancing index (LBI) and aggregate voltage deviation index (AVDI). Teaching-Learning-Based-Optimization (TLBO) is used to optimize MOO problem considering placement of DGs at multiple locations in RDN satisfying the constraints on bus voltage magnitude, branch flows and DG size. Comprehensive simulation studies have been carried out to obtain optimal performance for 69-nodes RDN with the increasing penetration of DGs at multiple locations. It is shown that determination of optimal sizing of DGs at multiple locations in RDN with MOO results in lesser power losses, improved voltage profiles and better load balancing as compared to placement of single DG in RDN. Performance measures such as spacing and spread indicators are used for characterizing Pareto solutions for MOO problem. Such set of non-dominated solutions obtained from Pareto front during multi-objective TLBO gives proper guidelines to the utility operator about sizing and placement of DGs based on the assigned priorities to the objectives.
Medição da versão acetabular após artroplastia total do quadril: Comparação de dois métodos radiográficos
Authors: Cardoso Afonso , Duarte Mafalda , Viegas Rui , Oliveira Filipe , Pinto Pedro , Rego Paulo
Published: March 2021

Objetivo O objetivo do presente trabalho foi comparar a medição da versão do componente acetabular em radiografias em incidência anteroposterior (AP) e cross-table após artroplastia total do quadril (ATQ).

Métodos Foram selecionadas radiografias de 60 quadris com ATQ primário. A versão foi calculada na radiografia AP usando o método de Lewinnek e, na cross-table, usando o método direto do Woo e Morrey.

Resultados A média e o desvio padrão (DP) foram diferentes em ambas as radiografias, sendo 9,7° ± 5,5° no AP, enquanto na cross-table foram 20,6° ± 8,4° (p < 0,001). Considerando nosso objetivo de 10°, as medidas da cross-table foram estatisticamente diferentes dele (p < 0,001), enquanto a medição AP não diferiu (p = 0,716).

Conclusão O presente estudo mostrou que a melhor maneira de avaliar corretamente o posicionamento do componente acetabular após uma ATQ é medindo a anteversão e a abdução em uma radiografia AP após confirmar, em uma radiografia cross-table, que o componente não é retrovertido.
Epidemiologia da doença de Dupuytren e de pacientes submetidos a fasciectomia seletiva
Authors: Alencar Fernando Henrique Uchôa de , Perini Jamila Alessandra , Monteiro Anderson Vieira , Duarte Maria Eugenia Leite , Motta Geraldo da Rocha , Guimarães João Antônio Matheus
Published: March 2021

Objetivo Descrever o perfil epidemiológico e clínico dos pacientes com doença de Dupuytren tratados por fasciectomia seletiva e os fatores associados com a gravidade da doença.

Metodologia Estudo observacional descritivo retrospectivo envolvendo 247 pacientes com doença de Dupuytren, no período de 2013 a 2019. Foi realizada regressão logística multivariada para análise dos dados.

Resultados A maioria dos pacientes era do sexo masculino (83,8%), autodeclarados brancos (65,2%), etilistas (59,6%), e 49% eram tabagistas. A média de idade foi de 66 ± 9 anos, sendo que 77,2% apresentaram os sintomas da doença após os 51 anos. Aproximadamente 51,9, 29,6, e 17,3%, respectivamente, apresentaram hipertensão arterial, diabetes mellitus e dislipidemia. O acometimento bilateral das mãos foi observado em 73,3% dos pacientes. A taxa de complicações intra- e pós-fasciectomia seletiva foi de 0,6 e 24,3%, respectivamente, sendo que 5,2% dos pacientes necessitaram de reintervenção após 1 ano de acompanhamento. Após análise multivariada, o sexo masculino foi associado com acometimento bilateral das mãos (odds ratio [OR] = 2,10; intervalo de confiança [IC] 95%: 1,03–4,31) e com maior número de raios acometidos (OR = 3,41; IC 95%: 1,66–7,03). A dislipidemia foi associada com a reintervenção (OR = 5,7; CI 95%: 1,03–31,4) e a bilateralidade com maior número de complicações (35,7% versus 19,7%).

Conclusão Foi observada uma baixa taxa de reintervenção e complicações operatórias nos pacientes com doença de Dupuytren tratados por fasciectomia seletiva. O sexo masculino foi associado com o quadro grave da doença (bilateralidade e mais de dois raios acometidos), e a dislipidemia com a reintervenção.
Artrite séptica da sínfise pubiana em adultos: Relato de caso
Authors: Labronici Pedro José , Tavares Augusto Khede , Silva Luiz Henrique Penteado , Pires Robinson Esteves Santos , Giordano Vincenzo , Loures Fabrício Bolpato
Published: March 2021

A artrite séptica da sínfise púbica é uma condição rara. Os fatores de risco são trauma, infecção de baixo grau, procedimentos urológicos ou ginecológicos, tumores malignos da pelve, prática de esportes e uso de drogas intravenosas. O presente relato descreve um caso de artrite séptica da sínfise púbica em um paciente do sexo masculino, de 23 anos, sem história de cirurgias pélvicas, infecções prévias ou atividade física intensa. A artrite foi diagnosticada pela hemocultura que revelou crescimento de Enterococcus sp + leveduras, e o paciente foi tratado com antibioticoterapia. Este caso enfatiza a importância de exames complementares no auxílio do tratamento da artrite séptica da sínfise púbica, e demonstra que procedimentos invasivos, tais como a punção da sínfise púbica, podem não ser necessários.
Tratamento cirúrgico de fraturas osteoporóticas múltiplas da coluna dorsolombar: Relato de caso
Authors: Marques Ricardo Ramalho , Moura Diogo Lino , Lourenço Paulo
Published: March 2021

As fraturas vertebrais osteoporóticas são um tipo comum de fratura e afetam um número significativo da população com osteoporose. Apesar do elevado risco de fratura, a ocorrência concomitante de fraturas vertebrais em níveis não contíguos é muito rara. Reportamos o caso de uma paciente com três fraturas explosivas da coluna dorsolombar em níveis não contíguos, tratada com cifoplastia e fixação posterior transpedicular por via percutânea. Seis meses após a cirurgia, a paciente tem marcha autônoma, sem dor, e, radiologicamente, não existem evidências de perda de redução das fraturas.
The impact of Hurricanes on the value of commercial real estate
Authors: Fisher Jeffrey D. , Rutledge Sara R.
Published: March 2021

Commercial real estate investors prefer coastal, gateway, markets for liquidity, demand density, and durable returns. Yet, these areas are more vulnerable to the effects of climate change from more intense and frequent weather events such as hurricanes and typhoons as well as to gradual changes such as sea-level rise. Recognition is growing of the risks that these events pose to investment performance, but little is known about how this risk has impacted property values and returns when an event such as a hurricane occurs. This is the first study to analyze the impact on property values and returns from hurricanes causing the most significant damage by value over the past 30-plus years throughout the nation. Using individual property data from the National Council of Real Estate Investment Fiduciaries database, we find a significant impact on the value and rates of return, after accounting for any additional capital expenditures for repairs, for properties that are in areas impacted by a hurricane, relative to areas that were not impacted by a hurricane. These impacts vary by property type and can last for several years after the hurricane hit land in the area.
Optimization design of O-ring linear accelerator gantry and mechanical isocenter detection method
Authors: Shi Chaofeng , Jiang Yanjie , Wang Xi , Chen Yifu
Published: March 2021

With the development of the precise radiotherapy, the accuracy of radiotherapy equipment is gradually improved. The gantry, the carrier of the treatment head and various testing devices, is the most important component that determines the accuracy of the entire equipment. In this paper, the layout of the O-ring linear accelerator and the structure of the gantry are optimized to reduce the weight of the gantry by 50% and the moment of inertia by 60%. A mechanical isocenter detection method based on the laser tracker is proposed to conduct a rapid and accurate isocenter measurement for the optimized gantry. The experimental results show that the maximum deformation of the optimized gantry under load is 0.13 mm during rotation and the maximum intersection distance between the gantry axis and the treatment head axis at the isocenter position is 0.21 mm.
An ubiquitous three-term recurrence relation
Authors: Amore Paolo , Fernández Francisco M.
Published: March 2021

We solve an eigenvalue equation that appears in several papers about a wide range of physical problems. The Frobenius method leads to a three-term recurrence relation for the coefficients of the power series that, under suitable truncation, yields exact analytical eigenvalues and eigenfunctions for particular values of a model parameter. From these solutions, some researchers have derived a variety of predictions such as allowed angular frequencies, allowed field intensities, and the like. We also solve the eigenvalue equation numerically by means of the variational Rayleigh–Ritz method and compare the resulting eigenvalues with those provided by the truncation condition. In this way, we prove that those physical predictions are merely artifacts of the truncation condition.
Detecting interactions in discrete-time dynamics by random variable resetting
Authors: Deng Changbao , Jiang Weinuo , Wang Shihong
Published: March 2021

Detecting the interactions in networks helps us to understand the collective behaviors of complex systems. However, doing so is challenging due to systemic noise, nonlinearity, and a lack of information. Very few researchers have attempted to reconstruct discrete-time dynamic networks. Recently, Shi et al. proposed resetting a random state variable to infer the interactions in a continuous-time dynamic network. In this paper, we introduce a random resetting method for discrete-time dynamic networks. The statistical characteristics of the method are investigated and verified with numerical simulations. In addition, this reconstruction method was evaluated for limited data and weak coupling and within multiple-attractor systems.
Aerodynamic characteristics of hypersonic airfoils based on jet flow control technology
Authors: Zhu Jiachen , Shi Zhiwei , Fu Junquan , Chen Jie
Published: March 2021

Hypersonic aircraft represent an important area of aerospace development. Raising the aircraft lift-to-drag ratio, improving the efficiency of attitude control, and optimizing aerodynamic performance are important goals. Active flow control technology can improve the aerodynamic performance of the aircraft while optimizing its control attitude. In the field of low speed, subsonic speed, and supersonic speed, many experiments and numerical simulations have been carried out to verify the excellent auxiliary or control effects of active flow control technology on aircraft. In this paper, a two-dimensional hypersonic airfoil is selected to analyze the feasibility and control effect of jet flow control technology under hypersonic inflow, and a flow control scheme is designed to make the jet eject from the wing surface. First, the influence of different jet excitation parameters on the scheme is explored through numerical simulation, mainly including the Mach number, the jet location, the jet angle, and the change with the angle of attack. After that, typical excitation states of numerical simulation are selected for hypersonic wind tunnel experiment verification, whose results are in good agreement with those of the numerical simulation. The results prove that, under the condition of high altitude and low pressure, if jet excitation is applied on the surface of the hypersonic airfoil, a local high pressure area will be formed in front of the excitation port, and the differential pressure between upper and lower wings will be changed. It can optimize the aerodynamic characteristics, increase or reduce lift, produce pitching moment simultaneously, enhance the efficiency of the rudder surface, and assist attitude control.
On the nature of the magnetocaloric effect in the Ni46Mn41In13 Heusler alloy in cyclic magnetic fields
Authors: Batdalov A. B. , Khanov L. N. , Mashirov A. V. , Koledov V. V. , Aliev A. M.
Published: March 2021

In cyclic magnetic fields with an amplitude of up to 8 T, the magnetocaloric effect (MCE) and thermal expansion in the Ni46Mn41In13 Heusler alloy are investigated. The magnetic and structural contributions to the total entropy change are estimated, and it was found that the magnetic contribution is dominant and the contributions have different signs (ΔSm = 12.19 J/kg K, ΔSstr = −1.05 J/kg K). In weak magnetic fields, the values of the MCE in heating and cooling runs differ greatly, which is associated with an unequal response of the structurally and magnetically inhomogeneous system to the influence of a magnetic field.
Painlevé IV, σ-form, and the deformed Hermite unitary ensembles
Authors: Zhu Mengkun , Wang Dan , Chen Yang
Published: March 2021

We study the Hankel determinant generated by a deformed Hermite weight with one jump w(z,t,γ)=e−z2+tz|z−t|γ(A+Bθ(z−t)), where A ≥ 0, A + B ≥ 0, t ∈ R, γ > −1, and z ∈ R. By using the ladder operators for the corresponding monic orthogonal polynomials and their relative compatibility conditions, we obtain a series of difference and differential equations to describe the relations among αn, βn, Rn(t), and rn(t). In particular, we find that the auxiliary quantities Rn(t) and rn(t) satisfy the coupled Riccati equations, and Rn(t) satisfies a particular Painlevé IV equation. Based on the above results, we show that σn(t) and σ^n(t), two quantities related to the Hankel determinant and Rn(t), satisfy the continuous and discrete σ-form equations, respectively. In the end, we also discuss the large n asymptotic behavior of Rn(t), which produce the expansion of the logarithmic of the Hankel determinant and the asymptotic of the second order differential equation of the monic orthogonal polynomials.
Toward understanding waked flow fields behind a wind turbine using proper orthogonal decomposition
Authors: Moon Jae Sang , Manuel Lance
Published: March 2021

This study proposes the use of an approach based on proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) to explore reduced-order wake turbulence fields. Waked turbulence fields are first extracted using large eddy simulation (LES) downwind of a wind turbine in a single plane orthogonal to the streamwise flow field. Based on this extracted turbulence field, statistical summaries in the form of covariance matrices and cross power spectral density (CPSD) matrices are estimated. Using proper orthogonal decomposition, important “modes” organized by eigenvalues (dominant energy contributions) are evaluated. Based on a subset of these sorted modes, reduced-order turbulence fields can be generated and these are analyzed and compared directly with the original LES-based target wake turbulence field. Statistical descriptions of the turbulence and their effect on wind turbine loads are investigated. To serve as reference, the free-stream turbulence field upwind of the selected wind turbine is also captured using LES. The same decomposition and simulation procedures are performed on the free-stream field. Compared to POD eigenmodes and eigenvalues of the free-stream field, those for the waked wind fields show distinct patterns that describe a systematic increase in turbulence energy around the top of the rotor. CPSD-based POD (spectral proper transformation) is found to be more efficient in capturing dynamic characteristics and spatial patterns in the waked wind fields using a small number of modes. Reduced-order simulation of waked wind fields using varying numbers of POD modes suggests that the top 10% of these most dominant modes—a greater proportion than what is needed for the free-stream field—is required to yield turbine loads comparable to those based directly on the original LES wind fields.
Differential charge boost in hysteretic ferroelectric–dielectric heterostructure capacitors at steady state
Authors: Tasneem Nujhat , Ravindran Prasanna Venkatesan , Wang Zheng , Gomez Jorge , Hur Jae , Yu Shimeng , Datta Suman , Khan Asif Islam
Published: March 2021

A ferroelectric material in a ferroelectric–dielectric heterostructure can provide a charge boost, as often discussed in the context of negative capacitance, and, in doing so, can reduce the power dissipation in field-effect transistor technology. However, there is an ongoing debate on whether the charge boost in such a heterostructure is a transient phenomenon or a steady state one. In this Letter, we use the positive-up-negative-down (PUND) measurement technique on a ferroelectric–dielectric (FE–DE) capacitor to show that the charge boost is a steady-state effect—i.e., the charge boost remains intact after the initial transient effects subside and all the voltages in the system reach constant values and steady states. We also demonstrate differential charge boost in steady state using a staircase voltage pulse measurement technique. An experimentally calibrated multi-domain SPICE model of an FE–DE stack is used to accurately simulate the PUND and staircase voltage hopping methods.
Determining the atomic charge of calcium ion requires the information of its coordination geometry in an EF-hand motif
Authors: Zhang Pengzhi , Han Jaebeom , Cieplak Piotr , Cheung Margaret. S.
Published: March 2021

It is challenging to parameterize the force field for calcium ions (Ca2+) in calcium-binding proteins because of their unique coordination chemistry that involves the surrounding atoms required for stability. In this work, we observed a wide variation in Ca2+ binding loop conformations of the Ca2+-binding protein calmodulin, which adopts the most populated ternary structures determined from the molecular dynamics simulations, followed by ab initio quantum mechanical (QM) calculations on all 12 amino acids in the loop that coordinate Ca2+ in aqueous solution. Ca2+ charges were derived by fitting to the electrostatic potential in the context of a classical or polarizable force field (PFF). We discovered that the atomic radius of Ca2+ in conventional force fields is too large for the QM calculation to capture the variation in the coordination geometry of Ca2+ in its ionic form, leading to unphysical charges. Specifically, we found that the fitted atomic charges of Ca2+ in the context of PFF depend on the coordinating geometry of electronegative atoms from the amino acids in the loop. Although nearby water molecules do not influence the atomic charge of Ca2+, they are crucial for compensating for the coordination of Ca2+ due to the conformational flexibility in the EF-hand loop. Our method advances the development of force fields for metal ions and protein binding sites in dynamic environments.
Efficiency enhancement of p-type multi-crystalline solar cells in different efficiency grades by hydrogenation with electron injection
Authors: Li Shaomin , Xi Xi , Liu Guilin , Shao Jianbo , Peng Ruoying , Wang Lan , Jiang Yanfeng , Chen Liping , Dong Weifu
Published: March 2021

P-type multi-crystal (mc-Si) solar cells are facing relative weaker competitiveness compared to mono-crystal silicon solar cells due to the efficiency improvement bottleneck. To further enhance the efficiency of p-type mc-Si solar cells, we have systematically investigated the technology of hydrogenation with electron injection (HEI) on p-type mc-Si solar cells with different power conversion efficiency (PCE) grades. Experimental results manifested that the efficiency promotion of cells with higher efficiency (HE) was lower compared to that of lower efficiency (LE) cells under the same HEI processing condition, whether for conventional or passivated emitter and rear cells. Further investigations were carried out to prove that the effectiveness of HEI treatment was closely related to the concentration of both available hydrogen and defect in the bulk of solar cells. This highlighted that the lower concentration of available hydrogen was more helpful for HE cells to improve the electrical performances, which was contrary to LE cells due to the different distribution of defects in the bulk. Besides, programing analysis was implemented to optimize the HEI treatment scheme of HE cells, and the PCE was finally improved by 0.63%rel. ± 0.05%. This result provided an improved technological process to further improve the efficiency gains in the production process, where a classification method was introduced according to the efficiency distribution before HEI treatment. The proposed method can distribute solar cells into appropriate grades to avoid wasting resources in mass production.
Spin–torque dynamics for noise reduction in vortex-based sensors
Authors: Jotta Garcia Mafalda , Moulin Julien , Wittrock Steffen , Tsunegi Sumito , Yakushiji Kay , Fukushima Akio , Kubota Hitoshi , Yuasa Shinji , Ebels Ursula , Pannetier-Lecoeur Myriam , Fermon Claude , Lebrun Romain , Bortolotti Paolo , Solignac Aurélie , Cros Vincent
Published: March 2021

The performance of magnetoresistive sensors is today mainly limited by their 1/f low-frequency noise. Here, we study this noise component in vortex-based TMR sensors. We compare the noise level in different magnetization configurations of the device, i.e., vortex state or uniform parallel or antiparallel states. We find that the vortex state is at least an order of magnitude noisier than the uniform states. Nevertheless, by activating the spin-transfer-induced dynamics of the vortex configuration, we observe a reduction of the 1/f noise, close to the values measured in the AP state, as the vortex core has a lower probability of pinning into defect sites. Additionally, by driving the dynamics of the vortex core by a non-resonant rf field or current, we demonstrate that the 1/f noise can be further decreased. The ability to reduce the 1/f low-frequency noise in vortex-based devices by leveraging their spin-transfer dynamics thus enhances their applicability in the magnetic sensors' landscape.
A new analysis method based on the Onsager reciprocal relations for interdiffusion in a multicomponent melt
Authors: Hu J. L. , Zhong L. X. , Chen C. , Li D. D. , Zhang B.
Published: March 2021

It is a significantly difficult problem to obtain the diffusion coefficients by analyzing the concentration profiles in multicomponent melts. Here, based on the Onsager reciprocal relations, we report a new analysis method, which can achieve the diffusion coefficient matrix by fitting the concentration profiles under a given diffusion time. Our method allows us to obtain the interdiffusion coefficient matrix in a multicomponent system via just a single diffusion couple experiment. Thus, it shows obvious merits compared to the previously reported diffusion path method and the square root diffusivity method. As a qualifying example, the four independent interdiffusion coefficients in a Ce–Al–Cu ternary liquid alloy have been derived from the concentration profiles measured by the multi-slice sliding cell technique. It is demonstrated that such a single experiment analysis method shows great potential for wide use in a multicomponent system.
Reliable transition properties from excited-state mean-field calculations
Authors: Bourne Worster Susannah , Feighan Oliver , Manby Frederick R.
Published: March 2021

Delta-self-consistent field (ΔSCF) theory is a conceptually simple and computationally inexpensive method for finding excited states. Using the maximum overlap method to guide optimization of the excited state, ΔSCF has been shown to predict excitation energies with a level of accuracy that is competitive with, and sometimes better than, that of time-dependent density functional theory. Here, we benchmark ΔSCF on a larger set of molecules than has previously been considered, and, in particular, we examine the performance of ΔSCF in predicting transition dipole moments, the essential quantity for spectral intensities. A potential downfall for ΔSCF transition dipoles is origin dependence induced by the nonorthogonality of ΔSCF ground and excited states. We propose and test a simple correction for this problem, based on symmetric orthogonalization of the states, and demonstrate its use on bacteriochlorophyll structures sampled from the photosynthetic antenna in purple bacteria.
Enhanced piezoelectric and dielectric properties of Pb(Yb1/2Nb1/2)O3–Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3–PbTiO3 crystals by combining alternating and direct current poling
Authors: Hong Canhuang , Wang Zujian , Su Bin , Guo Lin , Yang Xiaoming , Long Xifa , He Chao
Published: March 2021

As one of domain engineering methods, alternating current poling (ACP) has been proved a convenient, effective, economical method for the enhancement of the dielectric and piezoelectric properties of relaxor–PbTiO3 (PT) ferroelectric crystals. However, a shortcoming of ACP is that there are some non-rotational domains. To further improve the potential piezoelectric properties of relaxor–PT crystals, a modified poling method, combining alternating and direct current poling (ACP + DCP), was used for improving the piezoelectric properties of Pb(Yb1/2Nb1/2)O3–Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3 (PYbN–PMN)–PT ferroelectric crystals. Compared with separate DCP and ACP, the piezoelectric coefficient d33 of [001]-oriented PYbN–PMN–PT crystals increased by 51% and 15% using ACP + DCP, respectively, indicating that applying an appropriate DCP on ACP samples is beneficial to further improve the piezoelectric properties. The domain analysis reveals that the full rotation of polarization, regular domain patterns, and domain boundaries are the key factors for the enhancement of piezoelectric and dielectric properties. We established the relationship between the position of the (300)c peaks, reflecting the degree of the stretch of the lattice, and piezoelectric properties. This work indicates that combining alternating and direct current poling methods is a better poling strategy for enhancing the piezoelectric properties of relaxor–PT ferroelectric crystals compared with separate DCP and ACP methods.
Signature of shape resonances on the differential cross sections of the S(1D)+H2 reaction
Authors: Jambrina P. G. , Lara Manuel , Aoiz F. J.
Published: March 2021

Shape resonances appear when the system is trapped in an internuclear potential well after tunneling through a barrier. They manifest as peaks in the collision energy dependence of the cross section (excitation function), and in many cases, their presence can be observed experimentally. High-resolution crossed-beam experiments on the S(1D) + H2(j = 0) reaction in the 0.81–8.5 meV collision energy range reaction revealed non-monotonic behavior and the presence of oscillations in the reaction cross section as a function of the collision energy, as predicted by quantum mechanical (QM) calculations. In this work, we have analyzed the effect of shape resonances on the differential cross sections for this insertion reaction by performing additional QM calculations. We have found that, in some cases, the resonance gives rise to a large enhancement of extreme backward scattering for specific final states. Our results also show that, in order to yield a significant change in the state-resolved differential cross section, the resonance has to be associated with constructive interference between groups of partial waves, which requires not getting blurred by the participation of many product helicity states.