bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ANALYZING THE SPATIOTEMPORAL PATTERNS OF EMERGENCY MEDICAL TRAVELS FROM FCD DATA
Authors: Jiao W. , Fan H. , Wang Y.
Published: August 2020

Abstract. Night emergency medical service as an emergency situation usually requires fast response time. This is not only related to the accessibility of the road, but also to the spatial distribution pattern of the hospital. A reasonable spatial distribution can help reduce travel time. Based on the characteristics of hospital trips in Shanghai, this paper extracts the night emergency medical visit trajectories of Shanghai from Floating Car Data (FCD) and analyzes the general statistical characteristics, including time characteristics, travel distance, etc. Using the alpha-shape algorithm and Moran ’s I index, the spatial distribution patterns of medical facilities in Shanghai was explored. The results show that: (1) The emergency medical travels mainly occur before midnight (18:00–24:00), and the number of weekend travels is slightly less than that of working days; (2) The travel radius of most emergency travels is less than 15km, and the time consumption is less than 30 minutes; (3) In terms of spatial distribution, the medical resources in Shanghai have great regional differences and high concentration, showing a "core-edge" pattern. The medical resources decrease from city centre to the suburban area in a radial pattern. These findings are helpful for us to understand the characteristics of emergency travels in cities and identify areas where medical resources are scarce. It can provide suggestions for the decision makers in the Ministry of Health and help optimize the allocation of medical resources.
WEAKLY SUPERVISED SEMANTIC SEGMENTATION OF SATELLITE IMAGES FOR LAND COVER MAPPING – CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES
Authors: Schmitt M. , Prexl J. , Ebel P. , Liebel L. , Zhu X. X.
Published: August 2020

Abstract. Fully automatic large-scale land cover mapping belongs to the core challenges addressed by the remote sensing community. Usually, the basis of this task is formed by (supervised) machine learning models. However, in spite of recent growth in the availability of satellite observations, accurate training data remains comparably scarce. On the other hand, numerous global land cover products exist and can be accessed often free-of-charge. Unfortunately, these maps are typically of a much lower resolution than modern day satellite imagery. Besides, they always come with a significant amount of noise, as they cannot be considered ground truth, but are products of previous (semi-)automatic prediction tasks. Therefore, this paper seeks to make a case for the application of weakly supervised learning strategies to get the most out of available data sources and achieve progress in high-resolution large-scale land cover mapping. Challenges and opportunities are discussed based on the SEN12MS dataset, for which also some baseline results are shown. These baselines indicate that there is still a lot of potential for dedicated approaches designed to deal with remote sensing-specific forms of weak supervision.
EXPLAIN IT TO ME – FACING REMOTE SENSING CHALLENGES IN THE BIO- AND GEOSCIENCES WITH EXPLAINABLE MACHINE LEARNING
Authors: Roscher R. , Bohn B. , Duarte M. F. , Garcke J.
Published: August 2020

Abstract. For some time now, machine learning methods have been indispensable in many application areas. Especially with the recent development of efficient neural networks, these methods are increasingly used in the sciences to obtain scientific outcomes from observational or simulated data. Besides a high accuracy, a desired goal is to learn explainable models. In order to reach this goal and obtain explanation, knowledge from the respective domain is necessary, which can be integrated into the model or applied post-hoc. We discuss explainable machine learning approaches which are used to tackle common challenges in the bio- and geosciences, such as limited amount of labeled data or the provision of reliable and scientific consistent results. We show that recent advances in machine learning to enhance transparency, interpretability, and explainability are helpful in overcoming these challenges.
CARBON STOCK ESTIMATION USING REMOTE SENSING DATA AND FIELD MEASUREMENT IN HALOXYLON AMMODENDRON DOMINANT WINTER COLD DESERT REGION OF MONGOLIA
Authors: Batsaikhan B. , Lkhamjav O. , Batsaikhan G. , Batsaikhan N. , Norovsuren B.
Published: August 2020

Abstract. The UN-REDD Mongolia National Programme has studied about forest carbon emissions, and enhance and sustainably manage its carbon stocks, through the implementation of REDD+ activities since 2011. However, the current assessments seem to remain uncertain, the study for estimating carbon storage based on field survey are still rare. Because the Haloxylon ammodendron, where Gobi desert ecosystems are covering large areas, it is necessary to develop a modelling approach applying remote sensing. The study area is locating in Gobi-Altai province, Trans-Altai area as the south-western part of Mongolia. A total of 32 plots were established on eighth different land cover types to represent the range of variability. The study was used high spatial resolution imagery of Pleiades-1 and both of active and passive data from Sentinel-1 and Sentinel-2. The growing height in 32 plots is ranging from 20 to 460 cm with between 0.002 and 544.9 cm2 for basal area and between 526.5 and 166106.0 cm2 for canopy area, respectively. Shrub density is very high in plot 4 (n=135) and plot 5 (n=117) with low above-ground biomass 12 kg and 10.9 kg. The backscatter (dB) values of vegetated area and non-vegetated were comparable, −27.86 and −17.36 in VH polarisation and −22.72 and −10.61 in VV polarisation, respectively. Model-M1 was best demonstrated when a combination of vegetation coverage area was used as Pleiades-1 and Sentinel-2 derived vegetation cover data. For model-M9, the results were comparable to model-M1 but with lower the coefficient of determination. In this work, NDVI and MSAVI appear as a good indicator of biomass mainly because it does not saturate in sparse shrubs and is more sensitive to canopy parameters.
CHARACTERIZATION OF LAND COVER SEASONALITY IN SENTINEL-1 TIME SERIES DATA
Authors: Dubois C. , Mueller M. M. , Pathe C. , Jagdhuber T. , Cremer F. , Thiel C. , Schmullius C.
Published: August 2020

Abstract. In this study, we analyze Sentinel-1 time series data to characterize the observed seasonality of different land cover classes in eastern Thuringia, Germany and to identify multi-temporal metrics for their classification. We assess the influence of different polarizations and different pass directions on the multi-temporal backscatter profile. The novelty of this approach is the determination of phenological parameters, based on a tool that has been originally developed for optical imagery. Furthermore, several additional multitemporal metrics are determined for the different classes, in order to investigate their separability for potential multi-temporal classification schemes. The results of the study show a seasonality for vegetation classes, which differs depending on the considered class: whereas pastures and broad-leaved forests show a decrease of the backscatter in VH polarization during summer, an increase of the backscatter in VH polarization is observed for coniferous forest. The observed seasonality is discussed together with meteorological information (precipitation and air temperature). Furthermore, a dependence of the backscatter of the pass direction (ascending/descending) is observed particularly for the urban land cover classes. Multi-temporal metrics indicate a good separability of principal land cover classes such as urban, agricultural and forested areas, but further investigation and use of seasonal parameters is needed for a distinct separation of specific forest sub-classes such as coniferous and deciduous.
NOVEL EVALUATION INDEX OF CROSS-SCALE DISCRETIZATION UNCERTAINTY BASED ON LOCAL STANDARD SCORE
Authors: Chen J. , Feng W. , Huang Y.
Published: August 2020

Abstract. Optimal discretization of continuously valued attributes is an uncertainty problem. The uncertainty of discretization is propagated and accumulated in the process of data mining, which has a direct influence on the usability and operation of the output results for mining. To address the limitations of existing discretization evaluation indices in describing accuracy and operation efficiency, this work suggests a discretization uncertainty index based on individuals. This method takes the local standard score as the general similarity measure in and between the intervals and evaluates discretization reliability according to the relative position of individuals in each interval. The experiment shows the new evaluation index is consistent with commonly used metrics. Under the premise of guaranteeing the validity of discrete evaluation, the proposed method has greater description accuracy and operation efficiency than extant approaches; it also has more advantages for massive data processing and special distribution detection.
NATIONAL SPATIAL DATA INFRASTRUCTURE (NSDI) OF BANGLADESH – DEVELOPMENT, PROGRESS AND WAY FORWARD
Authors: Rahman M. M. , Szabó G.
Published: August 2020

Abstract. National Spatial Data Infrastructure (NSDI) refers to a framework of policies, institutional arrangements, technologies, data, and people that enables the sharing and effective usage of geographic information. This paper aims to present the development and current progress of NSDI in Bangladesh. In preparing this paper, we have reviewed several papers, documents and articles related to NSDI development in Bangladesh. We have also explored different spatial data sharing platforms of related agencies and departments. This study finds that, in last decade, there is substantial increase in the production and use of geospatial data in Bangladesh. However, due to the absence of planning and centralized spatial data infrastructure (SDI) system, there are duplication of efforts among different organizations in respect of spatial data production leading to wastage of time and financial resources. There is also problem of maintaining same metadata standard among different organisations creating difficulties in building and sharing spatial data. Against this background, in 2016, Bangladesh government has decided to develop NSDI. As there are some organizations already have developed geoportal so it is decided that existing platform will be used as NSDI initially. Based on this decision GeoDASH platform is being used at present. However, there are many challenges and much to develop the platform. Development of NSDI in Bangladesh is still under process and there are some challenges also. Overcoming the problems and challenges, full-fledged development and operation of NSDI is expected to support the achievement of SDGs in Bangladesh.
TRANSFER OF MANURE FROM LIVESTOCK FARMS TO CROP FIELDS AS FERTILIZER USING AN ANT INSPIRED APPROACH
Authors: Kamilaris A. , Engelbrecht A. , Pitsillides A. , Prenafeta-Bold Francesc X.
Published: August 2020

Abstract. Intensive livestock production might have a negative environmental impact, by producing large amounts of animal excrements, which, if not properly managed, can contaminate nearby water bodies with nutrient excess. However, if animal manure is exported to distant crop fields, to be used as organic fertilizer, pollution can be mitigated. It is a single-objective optimization problem, in regards to finding the best solution for the logistics process of satisfying nutrient crops needs by means of livestock manure. This paper proposes a dynamic approach to solve the problem, based on a decentralized nature-inspired cooperative technique, inspired by the foraging behavior of ants (AIA). Results provide important insights for policy-makers over the potential of using animal manure as fertilizer for crop fields, while AIA solves the problem effectively, in a fair way to the farmers and well balanced in terms of average transportation distances that need to be covered by each livestock farmer. Our work constitutes the first application of a decentralized AIA to this interesting real-world problem, in a domain where swarm intelligence methods are still under-exploited.
THE FOUR-MASTED BARQUE PEKING IN VIRTUAL REALITY AS A NEW FORM OF KNOWLEDGE TRANSFER
Authors: Kersten T. P. , Trau D. , Tschirschwitz F.
Published: August 2020

Abstract. Virtual Reality (VR) has established itself in recent years in the geosciences through its application in the immersive visualization of spatial data. In particular, VR offers new possibilities for the user to acquire knowledge through playful interaction within a virtual environment. This paper details the development and implementation of a new form of knowledge transfer, based on interactivity within a VR system. The particular use-case discussed is a VR application focusing on the four-masted barque Peking. From 2023 on, the restored ship will form an important exhibit in the future German Hafenmuseum in Hamburg. The new VR application offers users the possibility to enter and explore a virtual model of the Peking and find out more information at three separate points of interaction (3D object models, sails and ship flags). These interaction points provide a timely opportunity to examine several of the theoretical aspects of knowledge transfer through interactivity and integrate them in the development of the VR application. Above all, the VR application should be an important part of the learning process for the user. There remains still much potential for further research into more advanced approaches such as support for user-input questions and tailored content.
I-URBAN REVITALIZATION: CONCEPTUAL MODELING, IMPLEMENTATION, AND VISUALIZATION TOWARDS SUSTAINABLE URBAN PLANNING USING CITYGML
Authors: Akahoshi K. , Ishimaru N. , Kurokawa C. , Tanaka Y. , Oishi T. , Kutzner T. , Kolbe T. H.
Published: August 2020

Abstract. Japan is currently facing serious issues associated with an aging society and negative population growth. Urban structures, remnants of economic prosperity, are now hindrances to sustainable urban development, driving municipalities to seek efficient methods to manage this growth. Japanese municipalities continuously conduct surveys to collect data for urban planning purposes. However, lack of standardization and poor visualization tools prevent coordination and consensus-building among stakeholders during the planning process. The "i-Urban Revitalization" (i-UR) is an information infrastructure promoted by the Japanese government expected to enable municipalities to analyze and visualize their goals related to that process.This paper presents the implementation of i-UR. One approach employed for data standardization is to develop a CityGML Application Domain Extension (ADE) for urban planning that covers detailed attributes of city objects and mechanisms for global representation and analysis necessary for urban planning. The effectiveness of this ADE is being evaluated through data implementation and visualization experiments conducted in three municipalities in Japan. A prototype for the proposed "AR Consensus-formation system" is being developed for further utilization of the ADE. In addition, Ideathon events are being held to develop human resources in municipalities to promote urban revitalization and facilitate i-UR use. The ADE and i-UR tools described in this paper are expected to evolve based on feedback from users and experimental results.
ASSESSING RESILIENCE OF INFRASTRUCTURES TOWARDS EXOGENOUS EVENTS BY USING PS-INSAR-BASED SURFACE MOTION ESTIMATES AND MACHINE LEARNING REGRESSION TECHNIQUES
Authors: Fiorentini N. , Maboudi M. , Losa M. , Gerke M.
Published: August 2020

Abstract. Technologically advanced strategies in infrastructural maintenance are increasingly required in countries such as Italy, where recovery and rehabilitation interventions are preferred to new works. For this purpose, Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) techniques have been employed in recent years, achieving reliable outcomes in the identification of infrastructural instabilities. Nevertheless, using the InSAR survey exclusively, it is not feasible to recognize the reasons for such vulnerabilities, and further in-depth investigations are essential.The primary purpose of this paper is to predict infrastructural displacements connected to surface motion and the related causes by combining InSAR techniques and Machine Learning algorithms. The development and application of a Regression Tree-based algorithm have been carried out for estimating the displacement of road pavement structures detected by the Persistent Scatterer InSAR technique.The study area is located in the province of Pistoia, Tuscany, Italy. Sentinel-1 images from 2014 to 2019 were used for the interferometric process, and a set of 29 environmental parameters was collected in a GIS platform. The database is randomly split into a Training (70%) and Test sets (30%). With the Training set, through a 10-Fold Cross-Validation, the model is trained, validated, and the Goodness-of-Fit is evaluated. Also, with the Test set, the Predictive Performance of the model is assessed. Lastly, we applied the model onto a stretch of a two-lane rural road that crosses the area. Results show that the suggested procedure can be used for supporting decision-making processes on planning road maintenance by National Road Authorities.
DIGITAL TWINNING OF THE BUILT ENVIRONMENT – AN INTERDISCIPLINARY TOPIC FOR INNOVATION IN DIDACTICS
Authors: Wahbeh W. , Kunz D. , Hofmann J. , Bereuter P.
Published: August 2020

Abstract. The concept of a Digital Twin (DT) takes an increasingly important role in the construction industry and related research fields. It is a concept associated with Industry 4.0; however, the scientific literature does not provide a unique and clear definition of this concept. This paper aims to analyse the definitions of the digital twin to clarify this concept in the related fields of architecture, engineering and construction (AEC). Moreover, this work proposes and employs the concept of a Digital Twin as an objective for a project-based learning approach in a didactical setting. As an interdisciplinary approach, this work demonstrates the potential impact on the traditional didactical frameworks in the educational domain of construction and its value as an opportunity to introduce interdisciplinary expertise to all students in these fields. This work presents a use case applying the concept at the School of Architecture, Civil Engineering and Geomatics of FHNW.
VOXEL-BASED INDOOR RECONSTRUCTION FROM HOLOLENS TRIANGLE MESHES
Authors: Hübner P. , Weinmann M. , Wursthorn S.
Published: August 2020

Abstract. Current mobile augmented reality devices are often equipped with range sensors. The Microsoft HoloLens for instance is equipped with a Time-of-Flight (ToF) range camera providing coarse triangle meshes that can be used in custom applications. We suggest to use these triangle meshes for the automatic generation of indoor models that can serve as basis for augmenting their physical counterpart with location-dependent information. In this paper, we present a novel voxel-based approach for automated indoor reconstruction from unstructured three-dimensional geometries like triangle meshes. After an initial voxelisation of the input data, rooms are detected in the resulting voxel grid by segmenting connected voxel components of ceiling candidates and extruding them downwards to find floor candidates. Semantic class labels like ’Wall’, ’Wall Opening’, ’Interior Object’ and ’Empty Interior’ are then assigned to the room voxels in-between ceiling and floor by a rule-based voxel sweep algorithm. Finally, the geometry of the detected walls and their openings is refined in voxel representation. The proposed approach is not restricted to Manhattan World scenarios and does not rely on room surfaces being planar.
ISPRS BENCHMARK ON MULTISENSORY INDOOR MAPPING AND POSITIONING
Authors: Wang C. , Dai Y. , Elsheimy N. , Wen C. , Retscher G. , Kang Z. , Lingua A.
Published: August 2020

Abstract. In this paper, we present a publicly available benchmark dataset on multisensorial indoor mapping and positioning (MiMAP), which is sponsored by ISPRS scientific initiatives. The benchmark dataset includes point clouds captured by an indoor mobile laser scanning system in indoor environments of various complexity. The benchmark aims to stimulate and promote research in the following three fields: (1) LiDAR-based Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM); (2) automated Building Information Model (BIM) feature extraction; and (3) multisensory indoor positioning. The MiMAP project provides a common framework for the evaluation and comparison of LiDAR-based SLAM, BIM feature extraction, and smartphone-based indoor positioning methods. This paper describes the multisensory setup, data acquisition process, data description, challenges, and evaluation metrics included in the MiMAP project.
MAXIMUM ENTROPY MODELING USING CITIZEN SCIENCE: USE CASE ON JACOBIN CUCKOO AS AN INDICATOR OF INDIAN MONSOON
Authors: Singh P. , Saran S.
Published: August 2020

Abstract. Due to a growing revolution of the citizen science era with the involvement of non-professionals in scientific tasks such as species observation, yields an opportunistic data for modeling and planning purposes. Such citizen science based scientific observations can be a sustainable option to answer many research questions. Here, citizen science data of the Clamator jacobinus bird is taken from Global Biodiversity Information facility to predict its habitat suitability through maximum entropy approach. The distribution data is divided into two monthly sets – June to October and November to May for critically analysing the probable climatic reasons for its migration and understanding the influence of climatic variables in its suitability during the Indian monsoon season and Southern Africa rainy season. Also, the influential role of different bioclimatic variables in determining the bird’s suitability is described in this paper and to predict how this bird will react to different climate change scenarios in 2050 year. The maximum entropy modeling is performed on both sets of data and results are surprisingly interesting, which verifies an Indian myth that this bird is harbinger of the monsoon in India. This study concluded that the precipitation during warmest and wettest quarter, and isothermality are the major factors in determining the migration of Clamator jacobinus, but, hot, dry and cold climate is not suitable for this bird suitability. Such study using the citizen science data can be used in biodiversity planning as well as in improving the agricultural economy because monsoon is considered as an auspicious season for functioning of biodiversity and agricultural tasks.
THE ISPRS STUDENT CONSORTIUM: SUSTAINING RELEVANCE AND CREATING SHARED VISIONS FOR THE YOUTH
Authors: Reyes S. R. , Jaojoco A. K. M. , Cruz C. , Jjuuko C. , Üstüner M. , Chow J. C. K. , Guliyeva S.
Published: August 2020

Abstract. The ISPRS Student Consortium (ISPRS SC) continues to engage the youth in many activities aligned with the mission and vision of ISPRS. For the term 2016 – 2020, the ISPRS SC strengthened its foundations through collaboration within the ISPRS Council and Technical Commission V, and increasing its presence in various ISPRS events. The Consortium Board introduced several changes in the organization: (1) re-designed the official logo, which was used in different communication and media, (2) revision of the Consortium’s Statutes, (3) continued the legacy of the summer schools through a new set of guidelines that coordinated all summer schools organized within ISPRS, (4) launched the Webinar Series, (5) repackaged the Newsletter into SpeCtrum, (6) introduction of two new awards, (7) hosting of a three-day Youth Forum in the ISPRS Congress and (8) the introduction of the ISPRS SC Student Chapters. A total of 13 issues had been published under SpeCtrum, two of which featured the ISPRS and an outstanding special issue on Women in Remote Sensing and Geospatial Information that received over 500 reads overnight. The SpeCtrum continued to seek experts, professors and contributors who willingly shared their work and inspire the youth. SpeCtrum had been publishing high quality articles and had been featuring outstanding scientists and researchers in the fields of remote sensing, photogrammetry and spatial information science. The Consortium also launched the Webinar Series and kicked off with an introduction on Google Earth Engine and followed by the applications of deep learning in remote sensing in 2020. For this term, a total of 16 summer schools were hosted across the globe, including one hosted under the ISPRS Education and Capacity Building Initiatives in 2018. The Consortium also partnered with international organizations such as Geo-informatics and Space Technology Development Agency, ASEAN Research and Training Center for Space Technology and Applications and the local chapters of the IEEE – Geosciences and Remote Sensing Society Young Professionals (IEEE – GRSS YP) in Brazil. The members of the Consortium had been increasing in the past year, especially with its increased presence in various social media platforms. The Consortium envisions a future, where the younger generation takes the lead and engages in relevant social and global issues and contributing significantly to the scientific community. As a student and youth organization, it aims to continue to develop more ways of knowledge transfer, capacity building and establishing professional networks to prepare students and young professionals for a future of collaboration and cooperation.
DELINEATION AND CONSTRUCTION OF 2D GEOMETRIES BY FREEHAND DRAWING AND GEOMETRIC REASONING
Authors: Meidow J. , Hammer H. , Lucks L.
Published: August 2020

Abstract. The creation of accurate and consistent line drawings is the subject of various applications. Prominent examples are the delineation of human-made objects in aerial images and the construction of technical line drawings, flow-charts, or diagrams. Interactive solutions usually restrict the user’s interaction during the design process to enforce geometric relations such as orthogonality or incidence. To avoid the time-consuming selection of operational modes, a freehand approach is desirable using strokes as the only user input. In this case, the construction principles have to be inferred automatically by geometric reasoning with uncertain observations. We present and discuss the corresponding methods in the context of educational technology. By introducing and utilizing a user-friendly software tool, we offer a hands-on approach to explore the feasibility and usability of the procedure. The experiments comprise the polygonal approximation of 2D shapes, theorem proving, and the construction of human-made figures.
CREATING IMMERSIVE AND INTERACTIVE SURVEYING LABORATORIES IN VIRTUAL REALITY: A DIFFERENTIAL LEVELING EXAMPLE
Authors: Bolkas D. , Chiampi J. , Chapman J. , Fioti J. , Pavill IV V. F.
Published: August 2020

Abstract. Surveying engineering education includes several outdoor laboratories that complement and enhance theoretical concepts taught in class. In addition, outdoor laboratories develop student skills with instruments and surveying techniques. These laboratories are often affected by weather, leading to cancelled laboratories, which reduce the time students spend with instruments and disrupt/delay the academic plan. Furthermore, terrain characteristics are important in surveying, as each terrain and project introduce unique surveying challenges. However, training often takes places in one location, thus, limiting student comprehension and experience on how to use the same instrument and techniques in different terrain conditions. Virtual reality constantly gains ground in education, as it overcomes restrictions of physical laboratories and enhances student learning. This study discusses the development of a leveling laboratory in immersive and interactive virtual reality, as well as the challenges encountered. We have replicated a part of the Penn State Wilkes-Barre campus, where students conduct many of their physical laboratories, in virtual reality with geometric and photorealistic fidelity using remote sensing and photogrammetric methods. Dense point clouds derived from terrestrial laser scanning and small unmanned aerial surveys are used for terrain and man-made object modeling. In addition, we have developed software that simulates surveying instruments, their properties, and user/student interaction with the instrument (e.g., moving the tripod, leveling the level instrument and leveling rod, etc.). This paper demonstrates that by utilizing cutting-edge remote sensing and virtual reality technologies, we can create realistic laboratories that can supplement physical outdoor laboratories and improve/enhance undergraduate instruction of surveying students.
Remote monitoring of seismic swarms and the August 2016 seismic crisis of Brava, Cape Verde, using array methods
Authors: Leva Carola , Rümpker Georg , Wölbern Ingo
Published: August 2020

Abstract. During the first two days of August 2016 a seismic crisis occurred on Brava, Cape Verde, which – according to observations based on a local seismic network – was characterized by more than thousand volcano-seismic signals. Brava is considered an active volcanic island, although it has not experienced any historic eruptions. Seismicity significantly exceeded the usual level during the crisis. We report on results based on data from a temporary seismic-array deployment on the neighbouring island of Fogo at a distance of about 35 km. The array was in operation from October 2015 to December 2016 and recorded a total of 1343 earthquakes, 355 thereof were localized. On 1 and 2 August we observed 54 earthquakes, 25 of which could be located beneath Brava. We further evaluate the observations with regards to possible precursors to the crisis and its continuation. Our analysis shows a migration of seismicity around Brava, but no distinct precursory pattern. However, the observations suggest that similar earthquake swarms commonly occur close to Brava. The results further confirm the advantages of seismic arrays as tools for the remote monitoring of regions with limited station coverage or access.
Mística y vitalismo espiritual
Authors: García Magaz Isabel
Published: August 2020

Desde unos de los versos más conocidos de la mística española, se tratará de mostrar, mediante una reflexión que contextualice su lenguaje, el trasfondo vital que subyace en la espiritualidad que los formula.
Abordaje metodológico de la interexistencialidad en 'Ser y Tiempo'
Authors: Ivanoff-Sabogal Christian
Published: August 2020

Mediante una lectura hermenéutico-fenomenológica se muestran los compromisos metodológicos que soportan el abordaje de la temática interexistencial, eminentemente en el §26 de Ser y Tiempo y en constante advertencia de su localización y dependencia sistemáticas. Este esclarecimiento permite, en contraste positivo con el análisis del mundo-entorno del ser-a-la-mano, explicar por qué la indagación interexistencial se pone en marcha en el horizonte cotidiano primario donde están previamente abiertos los coexistentes, tanto mediatamente como referencia intencional en el mundo-entorno, así como inmediatamente en el mundo-compartido. Esta aproximación inicial en la cotidianidad es una demanda metodológica inevitable para el acertado atestiguamiento del estar-uno-con-otro más basal gracias al cual Heidegger logra desvelar la estructura ontológica esencial y a priori del da-sein en cuanto ser-con.
La Edad Moderna a través de la metáfora del 'theatrum mundi': cartografía, astronomía, ópera y filosofía de la historia
Authors: Martín Sáez Daniel
Published: August 2020

En este artículo tratamos de comprender la importancia de la metáfora del theatrum mundi para la configuración de la Edad Moderna. Tras una breve introducción sobre la idea de Edad Moderna, tratamos la distinción entre antiguos y modernos desde la perspectiva del descubrimiento de América, argumentando que la idea del globo, plasmada en la cartografía, determinó la metáfora del mundo como teatro, afectando a muy diversos saberes, desde la astronomía hasta la teología. A continuación, mostramos el componente geopolítico de la metáfora, ligada a la idea del imperio global, los estados modernos y las grandes ciudades. Dedicamos un apartado especial a mostrar varios ejemplos melodramáticos, sobre todo operísticos, donde la metáfora del theatrum mundi alcanzó su punto culminante, ligada precisamente a las ciudades europeas y su lugar en el mundo. Finalmente, analizamos las implicaciones que ha tenido esta metáfora en la constitución de la filosofía de la historia, una disciplina esencialmente vinculada a la Edad Moderna.
Ser para la vocación. Muerte y vocación como claves de la finitud humana en Ortega y Gasset
Authors: Gutiérrez Pozo Antonio
Published: August 2020

La síntesis entre muerte y vocación, que tiene en la estructura ‘ser para la vocación’ su conclusión, es la clave de la finitud humana según Ortega y Gasset. Esto significa, contra el ‘ser para la muerte’ de Heidegger, que en Ortega la muerte, lejos de ser entendida como horizonte a priori de sentido de la existencia y signo de la finitud humana, es un ingrediente esencial -y a posteriori- de la vida humana que, junto con la vocación humana, define esencialmente la existencia. El desarrollo de esa síntesis nos obliga a explicar dos problemas fundamentales que forman parte de la esencia de la muerte. El primero es el misterio de la muerte, que se debe básicamente a dos cuestiones: el enigmático dejar de ser que describe la muerte, y el hecho particular de que la muerte es simultáneamente exterior e interior a la vida, extraña y familiar. El segundo problema es la cuestión de por qué los seres humanos no quieren morir y quieren vivir, una cuestión sustancialmente vinculada a la cuestión del significado de la vida humana.
Eugenio Trías e Ibn 'Arabī: una sombra de la filosofía del límite
Authors: Fernández Navas David
Published: August 2020

Este artículo explora la relación entre la filosofía del límite de Eugenio Trías y el sufismo de Ibn ʿArabī. En primer lugar, pretende explicar la función de la filosofía de la religión en el sistema triasiano y por qué el maestro andalusí ocupa un lugar privilegiado en ella. Segundo, se ocupa de algunos aspectos esenciales de la doctrina akbarí que la filosofía del límite obtura, como la declaración de la unidad del Ser (tawḥīd), la conjugación de lo exotérico y lo esotérico, la superación de la propia creencia, el camino de la servidumbre (ʿubūdiyya), el tránsito de la pasión súbita de amor (hawā) al amor espiritual (ḥubb), la caballería espiritual (futuwwa) 666y la morada de la no-morada (maqām lā maqām), los cuales comparten un nexo común: el trascendimiento de lo egoico y el interés en el otro en tanto otro. Finalmente, se defenderá que la obturación triasiana se debe tanto al influjo de Henry Corbin, como sobre todo, a las propias limitaciones de su proyecto filosófico, para el que el Ibn ʿArabī ausente constituye una suerte de sombra.
Sports beyond genders. Sociological analysis on the participation of trangender women in female sport competitions
Authors: Monaco Salvatore
Published: August 2020

Although sport historically represents an important vehicle for the dissemination of values and principles, it is often an arena of discrimination, most all based on gender (Balbo, 2001). The paper is aimed at analyzing the issue of the participation of transgender women in female sports in order to identify which are the main discrimination factors. To achieve this goal, the article analyzes the online conversations on the House Bill 2706 of Arizona that proposes that transgender female student athletes should not take part in female sporting activities, as they have physiological benefits that would make unequal the sport competitions. In particular, the paper studies the contents about this issue hosted on Twitter, the popular real-time microblogging social network. The method is based on design data mining analysis, supported by the use of software for quantitative analysis of the content. The study considers Tweets published during the period between February and March 2020. Sentiment analysis of Tweets shows that the road to the complete acceptance of the female transgender universe in sport is still very long and difficult to follow.
Olimpismo, género y comunicación: una aproximación al deporte femenino y a su representación en los medios deportivos
Authors: Salido Fernández Juana
Published: August 2020

El deporte ha sido desde sus orígenes un espacio de exclusión para las mujeres, que han tenido que desafiar normas y convencionalismos sociales para poder acceder a este ámbito tradicionalmente masculino. Este artículo estudia la investigación desarrollada sobre la presencia y evolución de las mujeres en el deporte de élite a través de los Juegos Olímpicos y su cobertura en los medios de comunicación deportivos. El objetivo principal es definir la forma en que las deportistas son representadas a través de estos medios y si existen todavía hoy desequilibrios en la cobertura de género. Se establece que las deportistas y sus logros profesionales son infrarrepresentados y trivializados, así como la existencia de sesgos y estereotipos de género que limitan el avance de las mujeres en el deporte.
'GLOBAL, NETWORKED AND COLLABORATIVE': HOW THE NORMALIZATION OF LEAKING SHAPED THE IDENTITY AND PRACTICE OF INVESTIGATIVE JOURNALISM
Authors: Baack Stefan
Published: August 2020

From the Panama Papers to the Migrants' Files, we appear to witness a 'Golden Age of global muckraking'. While cross-border collaborations among journalists are not new, data technologies have dramatically increased their scale and degree of collaboration. Transnational collaborations among journalists are increasingly data-driven operations specialized on facilitating the analysis of huge leaks. In a more dynamic media environment, where traditional identities and routines of journalism are being challenged, data-driven transnational networks help to articulate global standards of investigative journalism and shape journalism's ability to tackle issues in an increasingly globalized and interdependent world.

This paper shows how data-driven journalism networks today are shaped by the ways in which journalists normalized leaking in technological, organizational, and cultural ways since Wikileaks’ publication of the Afghan war logs. The result has been a) the establishment – or evolution – of national and transnational structures that facilitate collaborations; and b) that the concept of ‘leaking’ was moved away from radical transparency advocacy, and into traditional journalistic ethics and identities. The subsequent normalization of leaking is relevant beyond leaking itself, as it more broadly shapes practices around ‘data-driven cross-border collaboration’. This means that the practices, organizational structures and technologies developed around leaking also shape collaborative data collection or data sharing projects. To examine the future of journalism in a more globalized and datafied world, I will conclude with suggesting that media and journalism studies needs to rely more on theories and methodological frameworks that do justice to journalism’s increasingly transcultural nature.
LABOUR AND DIGITIZATION
Authors: Barnett Tully
Published: August 2020

In 2011, artist Andrew Norman Wilson was working as a subcontractor doing video work for Google at the Mountainview California Googleplex. He’d noticed that the workers entering and exiting the building next door had different working conditions to the majority of the workers at the site and discovered they were working on the Google Books mass digitization project. One day he took his camera down to film them leaving the building at the end of the shift and the next day he was fired. Wilson used the footage to create a video he calls “Workers Leaving the Googleplex” (2011), and projects such as Krissy Wilson’s “The Art of Google Books” destabilise the fictional veneer of smooth clean surfaces that the Google Books project projects into the world. The growing field of critical infrastructure studies helps us to unpack and understand the multiple dimensions operating This paper argues that notions of the particularities of digital labour of all kinds are central to developing a more comprehensive understanding of the multifaceted nature of digital cultural objects, both born-digital and digitised. The paper considers the often invisible, contingent, omitted or assumed labour involved in digitization projects, using thinking from critical infrastructure studies, new media, media archaeology and creative labour.
TRUST IN FRIENDSHIP: LGBTQ+ YOUNG PEOPLE AND HOOK-UP APP SAFETIES
Authors: Byron Paul , Albury Kath , Pym Tinonee , Race Kane , McCosker Anthony
Published: August 2020

Digital media research commonly explores the use of social media platforms and dating/hook-up apps separately, implying distance between social and sexual communication practices. By exploring how friendships enfold into LGBTQ+ young people’s use of dating/hook-up apps, this paper troubles that delineation. In 2018, we ran four workshops with LGBTQ+ young people (18-35 years) about negotiating safety in dating/hook-up apps. Discussion of friendship featured in all workshops, mostly related to four key themes: the safety of having mutual friends with prospective dates/hook-ups; friend-making through apps; friend-involvement in safety strategies; and friendship advice on app use. Through analysis of these data, we highlight how friendship is an organising force in LGBTQ+ young people’s dating/hook-up app practices, and argue for greater attention to the porousness of media sites commonly defined as social (e.g. Instagram) or sexual (e.g. Tinder). Participants demonstrate that trust in friendship is far greater that their trust in apps, and so this is called upon, at many levels, to negotiate app use. Notably mutual friends (‘mutuals’) offer greater feelings of safety. An overlap between friendship and sexual connections is also apparent in these data, as per discussion of 'sliding into DMs'. Participants who were not cisgender men had greater concern for safety, and thus more knowledge on how to negotiate apps (and dating) safely, particularly through friendship support networks.
MARDI GRAS THROUGH INSTAGRAM STORIES: HOW EPHEMERAL MEDIA SHAPE EVERYDAY ENGAGEMENTS WITH IDENTITY POLITICS
Authors: Cassidy Elija , Matamoros Fernandez Ariadna , Thomson T.J.
Published: August 2020

A third of the world’s population is active on social media and a growing number is sharing ephemeral content on such platforms. Though originally pioneered by Snapchat, Instagram has come to dominate the ephemeral media market and, as of January 2019, boasts half a billion daily Instagram Stories users (Statista, 2019). Launched roughly 2.5 years ago, in August 2016, Instagram Stories offers people a novel way of communicating through sharing photos and videos that, by default, are only available for 24 hours and then disappear. This phenomenon presents unique challenges for researchers but also demands additional attention in order to understand contemporary forms of sociability and meaning-making. This study examines people’s everyday engagements with ephemeral media through an exploration of more than 400 Instagram stories created during the 2019 Sydney Gay and Lesbian Mardi Gras Festival.

Through this empirical work, we aim to examine the place of ephemeral media in everyday communication and to start a public conversation around the Implications of “losing” ephemeral media and how this might impact archival practices for the study of historical events that get heavily mediated through digital media.
REDDIT QUARANTINED: CONSEQUENCES OF DEALING WITH DISTRUST IN SOCIAL MEDIA PLATFORMS THROUGH RESTRICTING ENGAGEMENT
Authors: Copland Simon
Published: August 2020

Online abuse has become a matter of trust for social media platforms, whose role as a facilitator of public debate has been called into question. In response social media companies have become more active in regulating and banning particular users and channels.

Through the use of affordances theory, this paper examines one example of the regulation of content on a social media site, the revamp of the quarantining function on Reddit in late 2018. Quarantines are designed to halt participation within and growth of subreddits without banning them outright.

The paper uses quantitative and qualitative data to examine the consequences of this revamp on two subreddits, r/Braincels and r/TheRedPill. Through studying activity levels on these subreddits the paper argues that quarantines did limit discussion within these subreddits. However, it also argues that the revamp had unintended consequences, in particular a growth in distrust between subreddit users and Reddit as a site, and a shift of users away from Reddit to less regulated sites.

The paper argues that quarantining shifted the affordances of Reddit, in this instance resulting in greater discouragement of activity on particular subreddits. Using the mechanisms and conditions framework (Davis and Chouinard, 2016) the paper however argues that users adapted to and circumvented this discouragement to continue engaging in particular behavior.

While quarantining had short term benefits, using an affordances framework this paper argues it had unintended consequences, ones which can result in a continued radicalization of actions and beliefs, furthering distrust in the online sphere.
THE SITUATED HINTERLANDS OF ONLINE GAMING PRACTICES
Authors: Cumming David , Rogerson Melissa Jane
Published: August 2020

Previous work has established the existence and research interest of a “digital hinterland” (Rogerson, Gibbs & Smith, 2017) – online practices that support and frame people’s engagement with a hobby. In this paper, we extend the notion of the hinterland from digital-only practices to consider how online-gaming practices are framed by engagement in activities held in material spaces. Looking at the esports bar spectatorship experience, we describe how attendance substantiates and supports fans’ relationship with their fandom and with other fans. We draw on existing literature about esports experiences, practices of offline gaming hobbyists, and sports and media tourism, to show that shared time and place, attendance, and their contribution to an individual’s gaming capital (Consalvo, 2007; Walsh & Apperley, 2009) are important elements of this situated hinterland.