bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENGAWETAN KAYU SENGON (paraserianthes falcataria (L) NIELSEN) MENGGUNAKAN BAHAN PENGAWET CROWN 100 EC SERTA KETAHANANNYA TERHADAP RAYAP TANAH
Authors: Arifin Zainul , Dayadi Irvin , Nyurang Fitus
Published: March 2021

Abstrak: Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh metode dan konsentrasi bahan pengawet Crown 100 EC dalam pengawetan kayu Sengon (Paraserianthes falcataria (L) Nielsen) terhadap nilai retensi dan ketahanannya terhadap rayap tanah (Subterranean termites). Seluruh data diolah menggunakan pola faktorial acak lengkap 4x3 dengan 10 kali ulangan. Parameter yang diukur adalah retensi dan uji ketahanan terhadap rayap tanah (Subterranean termites) dengan metode pengawetan pencelupan, penyemprotan, pemulasan dan perendaman dingin dengan konsentrasi 0,5%, 1% dan 2%.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rataan kadar air kering udara diperoleh nilai sebesar 11,42%, kerapatan kering udara diperoleh 0,36 g/cm3 dan kerapatan kering tanur diperoleh nilai sebesar 0,33 g/cm3. Konsentrasi bahan pengawet Crown 100 EC, metode pengawetan dan interaksinya berpengaruh sangat signifikan terhadap nilai retensi bahan pengawet. Metode pengawetan dengan konsentrasi bahan pengawet yang tinggi dan waktu kontak yang lama maka nilai retensi yang dihasilkan semakin tinggi. Nilai retensi terbesar pada proses perendaman dingin dengan konsentrasi 2% dapat menghasilkan nilai retensi sebesar 0,9133 kg/m3 sedangkan nilai retensi terkecil pada proses penyemprotan dengan konsentrasi 0,5% menghasilkan nilai retensi sebesar 0,0389 kg/m3. Secara umum metode dan konsentrasi memenuhi standar retensi yang dipersyaratkan Standard New Zealand (NZ S3640)-2004 dan Standard Australia (AS1640)-2004, untuk perlakuan M1K2,M1K3,M2K3,M3K3,M4K1 dan M4K2 memenuhi standar harzard level H1, sedang untuk perlakuan M4K3 memenuhi semua standar harzad level H1,H2 dan H3. Kecuali pada perlakuan M1K1,M2K1,M2K2,M3K1 dan M3K2 tidak memenuhi standar harzard level (NZ S3640-2004 dan AS1640-2004).
Pensando em uma escola em tempos de Educação 4.0: a importância da gestão escolar no Novo Ensino Médio, como desafio na Educação Matemática
Authors: Lemes Isadora Luiz , Santos Renato Pires dos
Published: March 2021

Com as mudanças que estamos presenciando nos últimos tempos, é preciso que profissionais da Educação estejam alinhados às mudanças tecnológicas e à demanda pela exploração de habilidades que estejam conectadas à Educação 4.0, conforme as competências demarcadas pela BNCC. Este artigo traz uma discussão acerca da importância da gestão na transformação e inovação no âmbito escolar, aliada ao Novo Ensino Médio, como desafio na Educação Matemática. Realizou-se uma revisão bibliográfica, visando compreender o posicionamento de Coordenadores e Diretores com respeito às Tecnologias nos espaços escolares, sejam públicos ou privados. O objetivo foi compreender que pontos de vista que podem estar emergindo dos mesmos, com respeito à implementação da Internet e TIC, bem como quais ações estes vêm tomando neste sentido para engajar professores e incentivar que os mesmos planejem suas aulas baseadas nestes recursos. Os dados para apoiar a discussão acerca dos Diretores e Coordenadores Pedagógicos foram extraídos do CETIC - Centro Regional de Estudos para o Desenvolvimento da Sociedade da Informação e de uma busca em cinco periódicos da área de Educação Matemática. A análise permitiu verificar se os dados divulgados pelo CETIC refletem as percepções de professores e licenciandos quanto ao uso e implementação de TIC. Percebemos que, apesar de haver alguma concordância com os dados da Pesquisa TIC Educação, há distinções que são evidenciadas pelos professores nos artigos pesquisados com relação a falhas ou falta de recursos disponíveis nas escolas, que consideram de competência dos cargos de gestão. Assim, entendemos que, apesar das problemáticas políticas públicas, é preciso que os olhares se voltem também a importância do apoio da gestão escolar na Formação de Professores em termos de TIC e Internet, bem como na modificação do espaço escolar.
Base Nacional Comum Curricular do Ensino Médio e Registros de Representação Semiótica: uma articulação possível?
Authors: Simonetti Djerly , Moretti Méricles Thadeu
Published: March 2021

Recentemente no Brasil tivemos a homologação da Base Nacional Comum Curricular para o Ensino Médio, um documento importante, dado o seu impacto no campo educacional brasileiro. Analisando o material com cautela podemos perceber a ênfase que é dada as competências e habilidades, as quais agora devem ser o foco do trabalho docente no Ensino Médio. Especificamente, na área da Matemática, há um ponto que se dedica a explicitar o que a competência quatro significa, relacionada diretamente com a ideia de representação. A Base assume o verbo representar, e outros verbos mais, como processos cognitivos envolvidos na habilidade. Diante disso, estamos interessados em expor reflexões que permitem compreender o quanto essa ideia de representar se aproxima da Teoria Registros de Representação Semiótica de Duval, e quando for o caso, ilustrar possibilidades de trabalho em sala de aula para contemplar a habilidade que esteja implicitamente relacionada à representação de registros semióticos.Percebemos que, apesar das aproximações entre o documento e a teoria semiocognitiva de Raymond Duval, algumas distorções conceituais aparecem, além de, a estrutura – competências-habilidades – distorcer o verdadeiro papel da aprendizagem matemática na formação e no desenvolvimento intelectual dos estudantes.
Human being emotion in cognitive intelligent robotic control. Pt.I: Quantum/ soft computing approach
Authors: Mamaeva Alla , Shevchenko Andrey , Ulyanov Sergey , Feng Maria , Yamafuji Kazuo
Published: March 2021

The article consists of two parts. Part I shows the possibility of quantum / soft computing optimizers of knowledge bases (QSCOptKB™) as the toolkit of quantum deep machine learning technology implementation in the solution’s search of intelligent cognitive control tasks applied the cognitive helmet as neurointerface. In particular case, the aim of this part is to demonstrate the possibility of classifying the mental states in on line of a human being operator with knowledge extraction from electroencephalograms based on SCOptKB™ and QCOptKB™ sophisticated toolkit. Application of soft computing technologies to identify objective indicators of the psychophysiological state of an examined person described. The role and necessity of applying intelligent information technologies development based on computational intelligence toolkits in the task of objective estimation of a general psychophysical state of a human being operator shown. Developed information technology examined with special (difficult in diagnostic practice) examples emotion state estimation of autism children (ASD) and dementia and background of the knowledge bases design for intelligent robot of service use is it. Application of cognitive intelligent control in navigation of autonomous robot for avoidance of obstacles demonstrated.
Penerapan Bahan Ajar Matematika Berbasis Realistic Mathematics Education (RME) Terhadap Kemampuan Berpikir Kreatif Matematis
Authors: Septia Yesi lusiana
Published: March 2021

Tujuan dalam penelitian ini adalah untuk mengkaji kemampuan berfikir kreatif matematis siswa melalui penerapan bahan ajar matematika yang bebasis RME. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah metode kualitatif dengan jenis penelitian studi kepustakaan. Dalam Penerapan model pembelajaran RME, suatu kegiatan pembelajaran dihubungkan dengan kehidupan sehari-hari. Sehingga didapatkan hasil bahwa penggunaan bahan ajar matematika berbasis Realistic mathematics Education (RME) berpengaruh positif terhadap kemampuan berfikir kreatif matematis siswa.
Penerapan Bahan Ajar Realistic Mathematics Education (RME) Terhadap Kemampuan Pemahaman Konsep Matematis Siswa
Authors: Elly Verlina Laurinda Salsa Aldina Putri
Published: March 2021

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengkaji penggunaan bahan ajar matematika berbasis RME terhadap kemampuan konsep matematis siswa . Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kualitatif dengan jenis penelitian studi kepustakaan. Dari hasil tersebut didapatkan kesimpulan bahwa pengunaan bahan ajar  matematika berbasis RME sangat berpengaruh terhadap kemampuan pemahaman konsep matematis siswa, karena bahan ajar tersebut menjadikan 1) alat bantu siswa dalam memahami konsep 2) Siswa diberikan materi yang dikaitkan dengan kehidupan nyata yang akan menumbukan rasa semangat belajar.
Investigation of the Robust Absolute Stability of the Tunnel Kiln Control System with Delay
Authors: Tseligorov N. A., , Chubukin A. V., , Tseligorova E. N.
Published: March 2021

The paper considers the system of automatic control of the tunnel kiln temperature conditions. The investigation of a delay influence on the transition process has been carried on. The transfer function of the object under control with interval coefficients taking into account possible effects of the parametric uncertainty has been obtained. A graphical method of representing the obtained results in the form of displaying the modified amplitude-phase characteristics on a complex plane has been applied which obviously demonstrates a robust absolute stability of the system under investigation. The simulation performed in the Matlab environment has proved the correctness of the results obtained.
Das Consequências Jurídicas da Adesão do Brasil aos Princípios da OCDE Para a Inteligência Artificial, Especialmente Em Matéria De Proteção de Dados
Authors: Masseno Manuel David
Published: March 2021

Objetivo do estudo: Identificar as implicações decorrentes da adesão do Brasil aos Princípios da OCDE em matéria de Inteligência Artificial, designadamente no que se refere à aplicação da Lei Geral de Proteção de Dados.Metodologia / Abordagem: Foi seguindo fundamentalmente o método jurídico-dogmático, mas com aberturas aos métodos comparativo e hermenêutico.Originalidade / Relevância: Colocando como referência a perspectiva de Norberto Bobbio a propósito da Declaração Universal dos Direitos Humanos, são consideradas algumas vias possíveis para uma recepção de tais Princípios no Ordenamento Jurídico brasileiro, o que não havia sido intentado previamente.Principais resultados: É mostrado como poderá, e mesmo deverá, ser operacionalizada a recepção dos Princípios da OCDE pelos agentes de proteção de dados, pela Autoridade Nacional de Proteção de Dados e, inclusivamente, pelo Supremo Tribunal Federal.Contribuições teóricas / metodológicas: Explica como os Princípios, mesmo constantes de atos não vinculativos, podem se ajustar entre si e com regras legais, neste caso tendo por referência o Macro-Princípio constitucional da Dignidade da Pessoa Humana.Contribuições sociais / para a gestão: Constitui um aporte para uma melhor aplicação da Lei Geral sobre Proteção de Dados, em coerência com os Fundamentos e os Princípios enunciados por esta.
Synthesis of dibenzosuberenone-based novel polycyclic π-conjugated dihydropyridazines, pyridazines and pyrroles
Authors: Koçak Ramazan , Daştan Arif
Published: March 2021

The synthesis of novel polycyclic π-conjugated dihydropyridazines, pyridazines, and pyrroles was studied. Dihydropyridazine dyes were synthesized by inverse electron-demand Diels–Alder cycloaddition reactions between a dibenzosuberenone and tetrazines that bear various substituents. The pyridazines were synthesized in high yields by oxidation of dihydropyridazine-appended dibenzosuberenones with PIFA or NO. p-Quinone derivatives of pyridazines were also obtained by H-shift isomerization following the inverse electron-demand Diels–Alder reaction of tetrazines with p-quinone dibenzosuberenone. Then these pyridazines were converted to the corresponding pyrroles by reductive treatment with zinc. It was observed that all the dihydropyridazines obtained gave absorbance and emission at long wavelengths.
Silver nanoparticles nucleated in NaOH treated halloysite: a potential antimicrobial material.
Authors: Matos Yuri B , Romanus Rodrigo S , Torquato Mattheus , de Souza Edgar H , Villanova Rodrigo L , Soares Marlene , Viana Emilson R
Published: March 2021

Despite all recent advances in medical treatments, infectious diseases remain dangerous. This scenario has led to intense scientific research on materials with antimicrobial properties. Silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) are a well established solution in this area. The present work studied the nucleation of silver in halloysite substrates (HNT) modified by a NaOH chemical treatment. The resulting stabilized Ag-NPs were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDS). The nucleation was characterized by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Ag-NPs antimicrobial properties were investigated against \textit{E. coli} and \textit{S. aureus}. The potential of Ag-NPs for industrial application was tested by dispersing them into low density polyethylene (LDPE). The importance of the chemical affinity between matrix and additive was tested coating Ag-NPs with dodecanethiol, a non-polar surfactant. The resulting composites were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and in terms of surface antimicrobial activity. The results demonstrate that Ag-NPs synthesized in this work are indeed antimicrobial, and that it is possible to imbue a polymeric matrix with the Ag-NPs antimicrobial properties.
Ansätze für eine universelle Behandlung der Kegelschnitte bei Leibniz (1673–1676)
Authors: Probst Siegmund , Trunk Achim
Published: March 2021

One of the central concepts of the philosophy and also of the mathematics of Leibniz was harmony, serving as an expression for the connection of a multiplicity to a unity. In 1674, when he tried to treat the conic sections in analytic geometry without recourse to spatial perception, he spoke of reducing the various curves to a certain harmony. To this end, he had gradually developed a general equation for all conic sections. The equation contained coefficients that could be chosen as finite, infinitely small or infinitely large, and ambiguous signs (undecided whether positive or negative). It formed the prime example of his Méthode de l’universalité, with which he summarized case distinctions through a calculus employing ambiguous signs.
Zum mathematischen Unterricht in der Anfangsphase der ersten Bergbauhochschule Brasiliens
Authors: Oliveira Davidson Paulo Azevedo
Published: March 2021

Die „Escola de Minas de Ouro Preto“ (EMOP) ist die erste Bergbauhochschule Brasiliens für Mineralogie und Geologie. Sie wurde im 19. Jahrhundert gegründet. Bisherige Studien über die EMOP, Pereira /Schubring [2014], Thiengo/Silva [2003], lassen erkennen, dass die Anfänge der Mathematik na dieser Institution ungenügend erforscht sind. Meine Dissertation soll dazu beitragen, dieses Desiderat zu beheben. Im vorliegenden Artikel wird der Frage nachgegangen, in welchem Maße Anfänge der Differentialrechnung in den Unterricht der EMOP einflossen. Die Arbeit basiert auf Quellen aus dem Permanent-Archiv der EMOP (Kursprogramme, Prüfungsaufgaben, u.a.) sowie dem Archiv des Kaiserlichen Museums von Petrópolis, wo sich die Korrespondenz des französichen Mineralogen und Geologen Henrique Gorceix (1842–1919), dem Gründungsdirektor der EMOP, mit dem brasilianischen Kaiser Dom Pedro II befindet. Wir konnten die Vermutung bestätigen, dass an der Bergbauhochschule EMOP ein hohes mathematisches Niveau bestand. Dies belegen die Aufgaben der analysierten Eingangs- und Abschlussprüfungen. Es erwies sich, dass die Prüfungskandidaten nicht nur das Rechnen beherrschten, sondern auch theoretisches Verständnis entwickelt hatten. Der Gründungsdirektor Gorceix realisierte einen engen Bezug zwischen Theorie und Praxis, worauf auch die Extremwertaufgaben deuten, die häufig im Examen zu lösen waren.
Notizen zur Geschichte der Mathematik in der NTM der Jahre 1960–1990
Authors: Bernhardt Hannelore
Published: March 2021

Die „Zeitschrift für Geschichte der Naturwissenschaften, Technik und Medizin“ (NTM) wurde im Jahre 1960 von dem Physiker und Wissenschaftshistoriker Gerhard Harig (Leipzig) und dem Mediziner und Medizinhistoriker Alexander Mette (Berlin) mit dem Ziel gegründet, die Wissenschaftsgeschichte als selbständige Wissenschaftsdisziplin mit eigenständigen Problemstellungen und Begrifflichkeiten einem breiten Kreis von Interessenten bekannt zu machen und zugleich zu einem tieferen Verständnis für die Gesetzmäßigkeiten in der Entwicklung von Natur und Gesellschaft und ihren Wechselwirkungen beizutragen. Im ersten Teil des Beitrages wird die wechselvolle Geschichte der NTM selbst beleuchtet, die heute konzeptionell auf eine Erweiterung ihrer Inhalte auf „Internationalität und Offenheit für unterschiedliche geistige Orientierungen“ ausgerichtet ist. Der zweite Teil ist spezieller den vielfältigen Frage- und Problemstellungen der Entwicklung der Mathematik und ihrer Anwendungen in Arbeiten unterschiedlichen Umfangs sowie Rezensionen, Tagungsberichten, Biographien, Nekrologen u. a. im Zeitraum zwischen 1960 und 1990 gewidmet. Beiträge zur Geschichte der Algebra lassen dabei ein markantes Forschungsfeld erkennen.
OF CREATING REMOTELY CONTROLLED COMBAT MODULES FOR LIGHT ARMORED VEHICLES
Authors: Butenko O. , Tsuria E. , Gordeev S.
Published: March 2021

The article substantiates the need to create a remotely controlled combat module to equip light armored vehicles (LAV) manufactured at domestic enterprises of the defense complex. The main purpose of LAV is to perform some of the tasks of combined-arms battle and its support, namely: the transportation of personnel, the elimination of enemy’s manpower out of the battle formation, patrolling on the second and third lines of defense of the Joint Forces Operation.

NATO nations procure the following remotely controlled combat modules: United States - M151 Protector RWS and PROTECTOR CROWS II (manufactured by Kongsberg, Norway); United Kingdom - Enforcer (Selex Galilleo, UK) and Protector (Kongsberg, Norway); Germany - light and heavy modules FLW 100 and FLW 200 (manufactured by Krauss-Maffei, Germany).

Remote controlled combat modules occupy a significant niche in the arsenal of modern ground forces. At present, the Armed Forces of Ukraine do not have remotely controlled combat modules that can be used on light armored vehicles. When developing requirements for the remotely controlled combat module, it is advisable to consider the ability to perform basic combat missions by the light armored vehicles and the characteristics of the weapons that will be integrated into the remotely controlled combat module. Weapons that a light armored vehicle is equipped with are used in close combat to solve a large number of different fire missions. The remotely controlled combat module mounted on light armored vehicles is generally used to defeat the line-of-sight targets.

The characteristics of weapons that may be integrated into the remotely controlled combat module and the proposed ammunition load are considered.

In order to simplify design decisions when installing the remotely controlled combat modules on light armored vehicles and for the purpose of performing the task effectively, it is necessary to solve the problem of creating remotely controlled combat modules with a much smaller weight than existing models.

Integration of the aforementioned remotely controlled combat modules into light armored vehicles will allow carrying out tasks on reinforcement of checkpoints, force protection of troops, сonvoy and patrol, destruction of fortified enemy objects, reconnaissance, as well as interception and destruction of manpower and armored vehicles, outside of the battle formations. The bulk delivery of light armored vehicles to the troops will further enhance the mobility of the warfare. Light armored vehicles can be used extensively by air assault troops, mountain assault and motorized infantry formations, territorial defense units.
TEETH AND GEAR WHEELS DESIGN DEVELOPMENT FOR AIRCRAFT REDUCTION TRAINS
Authors: Pilipenko O. , Kolesnik D. , Berezniak A.
Published: March 2021

The development of designs of teeth, gear wheels and gears, which have found application in gearboxes of aircraft and helicopters, is presented. Parameters of different types of initial generating circuits, their modifications and examples of application corresponding gear wheels in gearboxes of airplanes and helicopters are considered.

The main attention is paid to GOST 13755-2015, developed by CIAMD (Central Institute of Aviation Motor Development) and having a number of advantages over the old GOST 13755-81. The main advantage is achieved by replacing the standard tooth head height with a standard tooth tip thickness. When the teeth work along the entire active part of the gearing line with a profile angle of 250, high contact and bending strength is provided, as well as resistance against galling of the surfaces of the teeth of highly stressed gears.

A further increase in contact strength and resource is ensured by using the initial generating circuit with a profile angle of 280. Gear trains with a guaranteed overlap ratio of 2.0 have a vibration level five times lower and, in general, their bearing capacity is approximately 1.5 times higher than that of highly stressed reduction trains with an overlap ratio less than 2.0. The asymmetrical teeth parameters were chosen to increase the density of the transmitted power, as well as to reduce the dynamic loads and vibration of the gear wheels.

The strength of gear trains according to GOST 13755-2015 significantly exceeds the strength of gear trains according to GOST 13755-81, but the most significant advantage (more than twice) is obtained in terms of noise level. The highest strength of gears with a main circuit angle of 330 occurs at a guide circuit angle of 20 °.

The highest stiffness of arched teeth of all designs provides arched gear trains with high durability and load capacity, which makes it possible to design reduction trains with smaller weight and size specifications.
Are there one or two stocks of Scoranza bleak - Alburnus scoranza Bonaparte, 1845 in Lake Skadar (Montenegro)
Authors: Marić Drago , Burzanović Katarina
Published: March 2021

This paper provides the first comprehensive information on the Length-Weight Relationship (LWR) of Scoranza bleak (Alburnus scoranza) from the Lake Skadar. The results of the study showed that LWR was different in young and older individual fish. We concluded that no single regression would adequately describe the length-weight relationship for  Scoranza bleak in the winter period. Small fish, up to one year old, have positive allometric growth whereas older and larger, negative. The results of this study show that the animals grow equally in the same pattern in both localities (Raduš and Karuč) which shows that there are no two stocks as it was assumed in the past. The condition factor in young Scoranza bleaks was lower than in the elderly. Condition factor decreased significantly during the winter period in older specimens. Based on this, we conclude that Scoranza bleak during the winter is poorly fed/starved, which causes a decrease in the condition factor.Analysis of the total sample, of any species, cannot show by what rule the population grows, if infrapopulation variability is present, because the studied value will depend on the number of individual subgroups. If no infra-population variability is found, the required parameter for the entire population can be calculated. In order to determine population variability, multiple groups must be singled out. Preferably, the number of stratified samples should be at least 6 so that correlation-regression analysis can be performed. In stratified samples, the number of individuals should be between 30-40, for any parameter, in order to compare their mean values. The results of the study show that 50 individuals are sufficient for accurate determination of LWR (or α and b, α is a constant coefficient and b is the slope of the curve.), when it is determined that there is no intrapopulation variability.
Resilience as a Mediator in Spiritual Relations and Quality of Life for Entrepreneurs
Authors: IKA R.P Merlyn , ROHYATİN Hennira , LATİPUN Latipun
Published: March 2021

Everyone wants a good quality of life and also has its own standards regarding the quality of life, as well as entrepreneurs. Quality of life can include all aspects of life that can not be separated from the elements of spirituality. This study aims to determine whether there is a relationship of spirituality to the quality of life in entrepreneurs mediated by resilience. This research uses a quantitative approach. The subjects of this study were 100 entrepreneurs who were scattered in Malang, aged 20-35 years consist of Male 76 persons and female 24 persons. Sample selected from through groups of entrepreneurs in Malang with a purposive sampling method. The measuring instrument used was a questionnaire from the scale of The Daily Spiritual Experience Scale, The Quality of Life Enjoyment and Satisfaction Questionnaire - Short Form (Q-LES-Q-SF), The Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC-25). Data analysis using IBM SPSS version 21 analysis techniques with PROCESS macros from Hayes. From the results of this study there is a mediating effect of resilience in the spiritual relationship with quality of life in entrepreneurs. That spirituality does not only have a direct influence on the quality of life, but also indirectly through resilience.
Religiosity, Spirituality, Forgiveness, Religious Coping as Predictors of Life Satisfaction and Generalized Anxiety: A Quantitative Study on Turkish Muslim University Students
Authors: AYTEN Ali , KARAGÖZ Sema
Published: March 2021

During the last two decades, several studies have been carried out to examine the main predictors of life satisfaction and anxiety. This paper investigates the connection between spirituality, religiosity, religious coping, forgiveness, anxiety, and satisfaction with life in the case of a Turkish Muslim sample. In total 560 respondents were selected from different faculties of Bolu Abant İzzet Baysal University. 53.4% (N= 299) of the sample were females and 46.6% (N= 261) of them were males. Participants’ age changed to between 18 and 38 years. 28.4% (N=159) of students were from faculty of education, 25.9% (N=145) of students were from faculty of architecture and engineering, 23.8% (N=133) of students were from faculty of theology, and 22% (N=123) of students were from faculty of administrative sciences and economics. In the present researchers utilised the “Forgiveness Scale”, “Positive Religious Coping Scale”, “Religious Struggles”, “Scale for Satisfaction with Life” and “Generalised Anxiety Scale” to collect data. According to multiple regression findings, religiosity and forgiveness were significant predictors for life satisfaction. Moreover, forgiveness and religious coping (religious struggles and positive religious coping) were significant predictors of generalized anxiety.
Kinetics and mechanism of acyl transfer reactions. Part 16. Quantum chemical simulation of mechanism of N-methylaniline sulfonation in aqueous 1,4-dioxane
Authors:   Ivanovo State University, Kochetova Ludmila B. , Kustova Tatiana P. ,   Ivanovo State University
Published: March 2021

The RHF/6-31G(d) quantum chemical simulation of the mechanism of the secondary fatty aromatic amine N-methylaniline interaction with benzenesulfonyl chloride under conditions of N-methylaniline specific solvation by one water molecule and one 1,4-dioxane molecule, and under conditions of N-methylaniline specific solvation by two water molecules and one 1,4-dioxane molecule. Three-dimensional potential energy surfaces of the processes pointed out are computed. It is shown that in the both cases a single route of the reactions is realized, starting as an axial nucleophilic attack, which goes further with decreasing of the attack angle as reagent molecules approach each other. It was established that both simulated reactions proceed in accordance with bimolecular concerted mechanism of nucleophilic substitution SN2, which implies the formation of a single transition state in the reaction path. It was found that geometrical configuration of the reaction center in the transition states of the reactions is medium between the trigonal-bipyramidal and tetragonal-pyramidal, which is associated with the change in the angle of N-methylaniline attack as the reactant molecules approach each other. In the benzenesulfonyl chloride reaction with N-methylaniline, solvated by one water molecule and one 1,4-dioxane molecule, the transition state is solvated only by 1,4-dioxane molecule, while water molecule moves away from the reaction center, whereas in the benzenesulfonyl chloride reaction with N-methylaniline, solvated by two water molecule and one 1,4-dioxane molecule the transition state is solvated by 1,4-dioxane molecule and one water molecule that forms hydrogen bond with chlorine atom and promote the S–Cl-bond loosening. The activation energies of the reactions were calculated; it is shown that specific solvation increases the reactions energetic barrier as compared with the reaction in gaseous phase, that is caused by the partial dehydratation of N-methylaniline molecule before the transition state formation. A decrease of the activation energy of the reaction with participation of N-methylaniline, solvated by two water molecule and one 1,4-dioxane molecule as compared with the cases of non-specific solvation of the reactants and N-methyl-aniline solvation by one water molecule and one 1,4-dioxane molecule is caused by the existence of the second water molecule in the system, forming a bond with amine group and facilitating N–H bond break.
Fabrication and extraction of silicon-containing products from rice husks
Authors:   Far Eastern Branch. Russian Academy of Sciences, Panasenko Alexander E. , Zemnukhova Lyudmila A. ,   Far Eastern Branch. Russian Academy of Sciences, Shapkin Nicolay P. ,   Far Eastern Federal University
Published: March 2021

To isolate silicon-containing products from plant materials, the reaction of interaction of rice husks with triethanolamine and ethylene glycol have been investigated. The effect of pretreatment of raw materials and the reaction conditions on the yield of soluble products containing silicon has been studied. It has been shown that the highest enrichment of rice husks with silicon occurs upon its treatment with concentrated hydrochloric acid and the Schweitzer's reagent. The highest degree of silicon extraction (69%) was achieved at using native rice husks and vanadyl acetylacetonate as a catalyst. The resulting solution contained silicon in the form of silatrane fragments. In order to isolate a silicon-containing product from the ethylene glycol solution, which would have the prospect of practical use and the maximum silicon yield, the heterofunctional polycondensation method was applied. It has appeared to be possible to isolate solid products using acetylacetonates of trivalent and tetravalent metals, which formed metal siloxanes. The structure of the obtained compounds has been confirmed by the element and X-ray diffraction analysis, as well as by the IR spectroscopy. When using rice husk chaffs as a silicon source, the product of the reaction with ethylene glycol and triethanolamine has appeared to be an irregular copolymer comprising amorphous silicon dioxide fragments and cyclic fragments similar in structure to that of silatranes. The application of metal acetylacetonates has made it possible to isolate silicon derivatives in the form of organometallic siloxanes. Тhe yield of metalsiloxanes increased in the sequence Zr < Fe < Al. Apparently, this was due to formation of lattice structures in the case of trivalent aluminum and iron, while zirconium had two remaining acetylacetonate groups and, in this case, its functionality was lower than for trivalent metals, which was confirmed by the spectral data.
Possibility of using the brabender plastometer to study the peroxide crosslinking of polyethylene. Part 1. Possibility of using the Brabenders plastometer to research the peroxide crosslinking of polyethylene
Authors:   Vladimir State University Named after Alexander Grigorievich  and Nikolay Grigorievich Stoletovs, Timakov Evgeny A. , Panov Yury T. ,   Vladimir State University Named after Alexander Grigorievich  and Nikolay Grigorievich Stoletovs
Published: March 2021

In this work, we address the problem of processing of polyolefins in the production of which used cross-linking agents based on peroxides. The peroxide method of production of foamed polymers is one of the most popular in Russia, so the relevance of its improvement is not in doubt. The main problem with working with peroxides is the high content of by-products, which are often toxic and have a negative impact on the staff. In this article, the authors proposed to reduce the concentration of toxic peroxide used by adding a less toxic crosslinking agent – triallylcyanurate to the formulation. The degree of crosslinking of polyethylene is directly proportional to the viscosity of the system, so It was proposed to use the brabender plastometer for studies of the viscosity index of samples. In this work, it was found that the optimal degree of crosslinking has samples with a torque indicator in the range of 1700-1900 g∙m. it was found that adding 2 m.p. to the formulation. triallylcyanurate allows, while maintaining the necessary degree of crosslinking, to reduce the peroxide content by 50%. Lowering the peroxide content directly reduces the amount of volatile acetophenone-the product of thermal decomposition of peroxide, which accumulates in the air of the working area. The dependence of the torque index of samples on the amount of triallylcyanurate and Dicumyl peroxide content was studied. The minimum concentration of Dicumyl peroxide (0.2 m.p.) was determined, which allows to obtain the degree of crosslinking of the required level. It is shown that the replacement of Dicumyl peroxide with the crosslinking agent triallylcyanurate makes it possible to obtain a foam that is not inferior to the original composition in terms of main performance indicators.
Investigation of the nature of hydrogen bonds in 3,5-dimethylpyrazole
Authors:   Ivanovo State University, Volkova Tatiana G. , Chicherin Konstantin A. ,   Ivanovo State University, Talanova Irina O. ,   Ivanovo State Medical Academy
Published: March 2021

Compounds containing a pyrazole fragment in their structure are part of many medicines and have a wide range of bioactivity (for example, antimicrobial, anti-tuberculosis, etc.), and are also successfully used for the development of various synthetic anti-tumor agents. Interest in them is also caused by the presence of hydrogen bonds, which are the main motive for self-organization of molecules. A theoretical study of the nature of hydrogen bonds in various hydrogen-bound motifs in 3,5-dimethylpyrazole was performed using the DFT/B3LYP/6-31G(d,p) method. The results obtained indicate the possible existence of dimeric, trimeric, and tetrameric cyclic forms. Geometric and energy parameters of hydrogen bonds N-H...N are determined and the energies of donor-acceptor interaction in possible forms of self-organization of the molecules of the studied compound are calculated. It has been established that the hydrogen bond (H-bond) is the result of the interaction of a hybrid unshielded pair of a nitrogen atom of one molecule and a loosening natural orbital between the nitrogen atoms of one molecule and the hydrogen of another molecule (σ* N-H). The formation of the binding σ-orbital of the H-bond indicates the predominance of covalent interaction in the hydrogen bond. The study and analysis of the results showed that the formation of supramolecular systems of 3,5-dimethylpyrazole most likely structures are trimers and tetramers.
Comparative analysis of indicators for assessing the state of activated sludge in the water treatment process
Authors:   Kazan National Research Technological University, Balymova Yelena S. , Safiullina Yulia M. ,   Kazan National Research Technological University, Akhmadullina Farida Yu. ,   Kazan National Research Technological University, Zakirov Rustem K. ,   Kazan National Research Technological University
Published: March 2021

This article presents the results of biodiagnostics of activated sludge formed in the wastewater of organic synthesis plants. They are characterized by changes in the concentrations of control pollutants (phenol, non-ionic synthetic surfactants, glycols), as well as chemical oxygen demand in a fairly wide range, which negatively affects at the activated sludge state and does not allow to achieve the regulatory requirements for the quality of treated wastewater. In this paper, the state of active biomass in the process of biological wastewater treatment was evaluated using three quantitative assessment systems: a five-point scale, hydrobiological indices of biodiversity Shannon and Cuba. The paper presents a comparative analysis of systems for quantifying the state of activated sludge, that are recommended for use in water treatment practice, both for simple systems, in which only one control factor affects the state of activated sludge, and for complex systems, that include the impact of a large number of control ecotoxicants on the activated sludge ecosystem. It is shown that in quantitative terms, the established regularities of the influence of control pollutants on the state of activated sludge differ: the five-point evaluation system, in comparison with the Shannon index, reflects deeper changes in the state of the biocenosis, because it evaluates not only the number of hydrobionts, but also their state, as well as the state of activated sludge flakes and the liquid above it. However, the assessment of the activated sludge state by the Cube index revealed a quantitative discrepancy in the change of this index compared to the aforementioned, which suggests that it is not appropriate to use it to describe the dynamics of changes in the state of the bioagent in the process of water treatment.
The UFS Library and Information Services during COVID-19
Authors: Molepo Mahlaga , Shokane Mashia
Published: March 2021

The aim of the survey was to determine the effectiveness of the University of the Free State Libraries during the COVID-19 pandemic. The report focuses on the University of the Free State Library and Information Services, and covers the period between March 2020 and February 2021.
Periodic and Phase-locked Modulation in PSR B1929+10 Observed with FAST
Authors: Kou F. F. , Yan W. M. , Peng B. , Lu J. G. , Liu K. , Zhang C. M. , Strom R. G. , Wang L. , Yuan J. P. , Yuen Rai , Yu Y. Z. , Yao J. M. , Liu B. , Yan J. , Jiang P. , Jin C. J. , Li D. , Qian L. , Yue Y. L. , Zhu Y. ,   (The FAST collaboration)
Published: March 2021

We present a detailed single-pulse analysis for PSR B1929+10 based on observations with the Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical radio Telescope (FAST). The main pulse (MP) and interpulse (IP) are found to be modulated with a periodicity of ∼12 times the pulsar’s rotational period (P). The ∼12P modulation is confirmed as a periodic amplitude modulation instead of systematic drifting. The periodic amplitude modulation in the IP is found to be anti-correlated with that in the weak preceding component of the MP (MP_i), but correlated with that in the first two components of the MP (MP_ii), which implies that the modulation patterns in the IP and the MP are phase-locked. What is more interesting is that the modulation in MP_ii is delayed from that in the IP by about 1P. Furthermore, high-sensitivity observations by FAST reveal that weak emission exists between the MP and the IP. In addition, we confirm that the separation between the IP and the MP is independent of radio frequency. The above results are a conundrum for pulsar theories and cannot be satisfactorily explained by the current pulsar models. Therefore, our results observed with FAST provide an opportunity to probe the structure of pulsar emission and the neutron star’s magnetosphere.
Supervirial Temperature or Neon Overabundance? Suzaku Observations of the Milky Way Circumgalactic Medium
Authors: Gupta Anjali , Kingsbury Joshua , Mathur Smita , Das Sanskriti , Galeazzi Massimiliano , Krongold Yair , Nicastro Fabrizio
Published: March 2021

We analyzed Suzaku and Chandra observations of the soft diffuse X-ray background toward four sight lines with the goal of characterizing the X-ray emission from the Milky Way circumgalactic medium (CGM). We identified two thermal components of the CGM, one at a uniform temperature of kT = 0.176 ± 0.008 keV and the other at temperatures in the range kT = 0.65–0.90 keV. The uniform lower-temperature component is consistent with the Galaxy’s virial temperature (∼106 K). The temperatures of the hotter components are similar to that recently discovered (∼107 K) in the sight line to blazar 1ES 1553+113, passing close to the Fermi bubble. Alternatively, the spectra can be described by just one lower-temperature component with supersolar neon abundance, once again similar to that found in the 1ES 1553+113 sight line. The additional hot component or the overabundance of Ne is required at a significance of >4σ, but we cannot distinguish between the two possibilities. These results show that the supervirial temperature gas or an enhanced Ne abundance in the warm-hot gas in the CGM is widespread, and these are not necessarily related to the Fermi bubble.
The X-Ray Pulsar XTE J1858+034 Observed with NuSTAR and Fermi/GBM: Spectral and Timing Characterization plus a Cyclotron Line
Authors: Malacaria C. , Kretschmar P. , Madsen K. K. , Wilson-Hodge C. A. , Coley Joel B. , Jenke P. , Lutovinov Alexander A. , Pottschmidt K. , Tsygankov Sergey S. , Wilms J.
Published: March 2021

Accreting X-ray pulsars (XRPs) undergo luminous X-ray outbursts during which the spectral and timing behavior of the neutron star can be studied in detail. We analyze a NuSTAR observation of the XRP XTE J1858+034 during its outburst in 2019. The spectrum is fit with a phenomenological, a semiempirical, and a physical spectral model. A candidate cyclotron line is found at 48 keV, implying a magnetic field of 5.4 × 1012 G at the site of emission. This is also supported by the physical best-fit model. We propose an orbital period of about 81 days based on the visual inspection of the X-ray outburst recurrence time. Based on Fermi/GBM data, the standard disk accretion-torque theory allowed us to infer a distance of 10.9 ± 1.0 kpc. Pulse profiles are single-peaked and show a pulsed fraction that is strongly energy-dependent at least up to 40 keV.
HELIOS-K 2.0 Opacity Calculator and Open-source Opacity Database for Exoplanetary Atmospheres
Authors: Grimm Simon L. , Malik Matej , Kitzmann Daniel , Guzmán-Mesa Andrea , Hoeijmakers H. Jens , Fisher Chloe , Mendonça João M. , Yurchenko Sergey N. , Tennyson Jonathan , Alesina Fabien , Buchschacher Nicolas , Burnier Julien , Segransan Damien , Kurucz Robert L. , Heng Kevin
Published: March 2021

Computing and using opacities is a key part of modeling and interpreting data of exoplanetary atmospheres. Since the underlying spectroscopic line lists are constantly expanding and currently include up to ∼1010–1011 transition lines, the opacity calculator codes need to become more powerful. Here we present major upgrades to the HELIOS-K GPU-accelerated opacity calculator and describe the necessary steps to process large line lists within a reasonable amount of time. Besides performance improvements, we include more capabilities and present a toolbox for handling different atomic and molecular data sets, from downloading and preprocessing the data to performing the opacity calculations in a user-friendly way. HELIOS-K supports line lists from ExoMol, HITRAN, HITEMP, NIST, Kurucz, and VALD3. By matching the resolution of 0.1 cm−1 and cutting length of 25 cm−1 used by the ExoCross code for timing performance (251 s excluding data read-in time), HELIOS-K can process the ExoMol BT2 water line list in 12.5 s. Using a resolution of 0.01 cm−1, it takes 45 s, equivalent to about 107 lines s−1. As a wavenumber resolution of 0.01 cm−1 suffices for most exoplanetary atmosphere spectroscopic calculations, we adopt this resolution in calculating opacity functions for several hundred atomic and molecular species and make them freely available on the open-access DACE database. For the opacity calculations of the database, we use a cutting length of 100 cm−1 for molecules and no cutting length for atoms. Our opacities are available for downloading from https://dace.unige.ch/opacityDatabase and may be visualized using https://dace.unige.ch/opacity.
Validation of the names of some Cretan high mountain syntaxa, with considerations about Article 3i, ICPN
Authors: Bergmeier Erwin , Theurillat Jean-Paul
Published: March 2021

To comply with the International Code of Phytosociological Nomenclature (ICPN), we validate the names Saturejo spinosae-Scutellarietalia hirtae, Arenarion creticae, Verbascion spinosi and Lomelosio sphacioticae-Centranthetum sieberi. Two divergent interpretations of Article 3i about the point at issue in the validation of the first three names are discussed.

Syntaxonomic reference: Bergmeier (2002), unless indicated otherwise in the text.
Historical review and occurrence records of Callipogon relictus Semenov, 1899 (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae) in Gwangneung Forest, South Korea with suggestions for species conservation
Authors: Lee Seung-Gyu , Lee Bong-Woo , Kim Cheol-Hak , Kang Jung Hoon , Oh Seung-Hwan , Lim Jongok
Published: March 2021

Biodiversity has been declining and extinction rates have been exponentially increasing because of land use changes, invasion of exotic species, nutrient enrichment and climate change. In this scenario, many international networks such as the International Union for the Conservation of Nature have been making efforts to raise conservation awareness and preserve species and their habitats in many countries. The relict longhorn beetleCallipogon relictusSemenov, 1899 (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) is the largest coleopteran species in the Palearctic region and has a unique distribution compared to its congeneric species.Callipogon relictushas been protected by two Korean laws since it was designated as a Korean Natural Monument and an Endangered Species in 1968 and 2012, respectively. To improve the conservation of this species, ecological and biological data were obtained from studies performed during the last 12 years on its populations in Gwangneung Forest, the fourth UNESCO biosphere reserve in South Korea. Previously scattered distribution records ofC. relictusfrom South Korea from 1932 to 2007 are therefore summarized and ecological features of adults observed during fields studies performed from 2008 to 2019 are presented. Based on the summarized data, we suggest different management measures and conservation efforts to maintain the size ofC. relictuspopulations in South Korea, which can also be further used in the restoration of other endangered insects.