bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Perancangan Aset Visual 3D untuk Mobile Game Bertema Superhero
Authors: Herlijanto Amelia Agustina , Putra Timothy Arista
Published: July 2024

Industri video game telah berkembang pesat dalam satu dekade terakhir oleh karena ketersediaan video game di berbagai platform, seperti komputer, konsol game, ponsel, dan berbagai perangkat genggam. Indonesia merupakan salah satu pasar game terbesar, sehingga banyak pengembang game bermunculan, salah satunya adalah Artbid Studio. Artbid berencana untuk membuat permainan baru bernama Transforming Superhero Rush yang merupakan jenis endless run. Dalam membuat game tentunya tidak lepas dari aset visual yang menarik. Oleh karena itu dalam penelitian ini akan dibuat aset visual untuk mobile game bertema Superhero. Permainan ini berbasis Android dan dikembangkan dengan Unity. Dalam pembuatan penelitian ini terdapat 4 tahapan dasar untuk mencapai kesuksesan dari tujuan yang ingin dicapai. Tahapan tersebut meliputi pengumpulan data, visual development untuk menentukan desain aset visual, 3D production sebagai proses pembuatan game ready asset, dan implementation to game engine yang merupakan penerapan aset serta tahap testing pada aset yang telah dibuat. Hasil akhir pada penelitian ini terbagi menjadi karya utama yang merupakan aset visual dalam bentuk model 3D. Hasil aset visual ini berupa model 3D karakter dengan rigging yang telah terpasang, environment, dan objek properti yang dirancang pada software 3D modeling dan siap digunakan pada game engine. Hasil karya dievaluasi kepada 50 orang responden dengan kriteria berusia 12-17 tahun, tinggal di Indonesia, dengan nilai bonus jika gemar bermain video game. Mayoritas responden memberikan tanggapan positif terhadap karya penelitian ini. Berdasarkan hasil kuesioner, sebanyak 80,6% responden memberi jawaban positif yang menunjukkan ketertarikan pada pemain terhadap tampilan aset visual. Berdasarkan fungsinya, aset visual 3D pada game ini dinyatakan berhasil yang mana sebanyak 97,43% responden memberi jawaban positif dan menunjukkan tidak adanya kendala yang menghambat alur permainan.
Correlation between Adherence and Effectiveness of Tuberculosis Medication Use among Patients
Authors: Zuniarto Ahmad Azrul , TW Siti Pandanwangi , Annisa Fatin Maura
Published: July 2024

Indonesia has become the country with the second highest number of tuberculosis cases in the world. In 2021, Indonesia recorded an incidence of 397,377 cases, with a significant number of cases originating from Tegal, Central Java, which reported 980 cases. The purpose of this study is to determine the compliance and effectiveness of TB medication usage and to examine the relationship between compliance, effectiveness, and patient sociodemographics. The study population consists of tuberculosis patients at the Tegal Selatan Community Health Center who underwent treatment from September 2023 to February 2024. The research method is quantitative causal. Data collection was conducted both retrospectively and prospectively. Compliance data were obtained through the MMAS-8 questionnaire, and effectiveness data were gathered by recording follow-up sputum examinations using the SITB (Tuberculosis Information System) software. The study included 30 respondents, with 50% male and 50% female. The majority (63.3%) were middle-aged adults (41-60 years old), 63.3% had less than 9 years of education, 60% were employed, 93.3% had an income at or below the minimum city wage, and 70% had 1-3 family dependents. 76.7% of respondents exhibited high compliance, 20% had moderate compliance, and 3.3% had low compliance. The effectiveness of medication usage was 96.7%. Chi-square analysis (95% CI) revealed a strong correlation between compliance and effectiveness with r = 0.707 (p-value = 0.033), and there was no significant relationship between patient sociodemographics and both compliance and effectiveness.
TESTIFYING ACROSS CULTURES: TRIALS AND TRIBULATIONS
Authors: Drenk Dylan , Muckermann Verena , Schoonmade Linda , King Krista , Holá Barbora , Vredeveldt Annelies
Published: July 2024

Legal practitioners frequently report problems during cross-cultural witness interviews. This article analyses the scope, nature, and extent of the available literature on culture and witness testimony to help inform decisions for further studies. A comprehensive search was performed in databases such as Scopus and Web of Science Core Collection. Seven key thematic areas were identified: (1) Language as culture in the courtroom; (2) Expert witnesses as gatekeepers to culture; (3) The role of the interpreter; (4) Adjudicators’ understanding of culture; (5) The culture defence; (6) Mental health, memory, and culture; and (7) Legal culture. The results and implications are discussed.
A carne à prova: o erotismo em Hilda Hilst
Authors: Moura Júlia Oliveira Silva de
Published: July 2024

Introdução: Este ensaio investiga a representação do erotismo na obra da poeta Hilda Hilst, destacando como essa temática se entrelaça com o sagrado, o místico e a morte, com base nas teorias de Georges Bataille. A relevância deste estudo, sobretudo, reside na exploração de como Hilst subverte convenções literárias e sociais ao conferir um caráter transgressivo ao erótico, revelando uma perspectiva única sobre o desejo e a finitude.  Objetivo: O objetivo principal é analisar de que forma Hilst sacraliza o erótico, trazendo à tona uma nova compreensão sobre a relação entre prazer e mortalidade.  Método: Para isso, o estudo utiliza uma leitura detalhada dos poemas "Lembra-te que morreremos” e “não compreendo. Apenas". Resultados: Os resultados demonstram que a obra de Hilst desafia a dicotomia tradicional entre o profano e o sagrado, sugerindo uma fusão íntima dessas esferas por meio da experiência erótica. Além disso, a análise destaca o papel central da morte na poética de Hilst, revelando como a inevitabilidade da finitude intensifica a busca pelo prazer e pela transcendência. Conclusões: Em síntese, o estudo oferece, assim, uma visão inovadora sobre a interseção entre erotismo e misticismo na obra de Hilst, ampliando o entendimento dessas temáticas na literatura.
The Laplace-Beltrami Operator on the Surface of the Ellipsoid
Authors: Volkmer Hans ,   University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, USA
Published: July 2024

The Laplace-Beltrami operator on (the surface of) a triaxial ellipsoid admits a sequence of real eigenvalues diverging to plus infinity. By introducing ellipsoidal coordinates, this eigenvalue problem for a partial differential operator is reduced to a two-parameter regular Sturm-Liouville problem involving ordinary differential operators. This two-parameter eigenvalue problem has two families of eigencurves whose intersection points determine the eigenvalues of the Laplace-Beltrami operator. Eigenvalues are approximated numerically through eigenvalues of generalized matrix eigenvalue problems. Ellipsoids close to spheres are studied employing Lamé polynomials.
Lie Admissible Triple Algebras: The Connection Algebra of Symmetric Spaces
Authors: Munthe-Kaas Hans Z. ,   UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Norway, Stava Jonatan ,   University of Bergen, Norway
Published: July 2024

Associated to a symmetric space there is a canonical connection with zero torsion and parallel curvature. This connection acts as a binary operator on the vector space of smooth sections of the tangent bundle, and it is linear with respect to the real numbers. Thus the smooth section of the tangent bundle together with the connection form an algebra we call the connection algebra. The constraints of zero torsion and constant curvature makes the connection algebra into a Lie admissible triple algebra. This is a type of algebra that generalises pre-Lie algebras, and it can be embedded into a post-Lie algebra in a canonical way that generalises the canonical embedding of Lie triple systems into Lie algebras. The free Lie admissible triple algebra can be described by incorporating triple-brackets into the leaves of rooted (non-planar) trees.
EVALUATION OF WATER PERMEABILITY IN COMPACTED SAND-BENTONITE LINERS FROM LANDFILL USING PLANNING AND FACTORIAL ANALYSIS
Authors: Silva Thiago Fernandes da , Lyra Marcus Vinícius Melo de , Silva Isaac Fernandes da , Paiva William de , Melo Marcio Camargo de , Monteiro Veruschka Escarião Dessoles
Published: July 2024

Compacted Clay Liners (CCL) are designed to prevent environmental contamination in landfills. These layers are designed with low permeability soils, which are difficult to obtain. To this end, bentonite can be added. The objective of this work is to evaluate the reliability of factor analysis on the hydraulic performance of sand-bentonite mixtures. Two types of designs were used, with the variables controlled: compaction energy (CE), water content (U) and percentage of bentonite (B). Experimental layers were made to obtain water permeability (kw). The results showed that CE and B are, respectively, the factors that most influence permeability. The application of adequate energy promotes better accommodation of bentonite soil particles in the voids in the sand, which, when moistened, undergo an expansion process, reducing the voids in the layer. All of these parameters can be optimized by using a curvature design to obtain kW. Therefore, knowledge of CCL kw is essential to ensure the safety of the local environmental environment.
Extracting the True Cosmic-ray Relative Intensity Sky Map from Normalized Relative Intensity Data Measured by Air Shower Experiments
Authors: Maalal N. D. , Zhang M.
Published: July 2024

We use data from the Tibet AS
γ experiment for 4 teraelectronvolt (TeV) cosmic rays as an example to perform a nonlinear interstellar distribution model regression according to the way the observed anisotropy is typically presented, from which we extract normalization factors that allow us to obtain a true relative intensity sky map from the measurements. By using various test statistics, we show that the nonlinear fit significantly outperforms the direct linear fit in its ability to model cosmic-ray anisotropy. The procedure also allows us to produce normalization constants that can trace minute latitudinal variations of experimental response to cosmic-ray intensity. Applying the correction of the latitudinal response function to the Tibet ASγ data, we generate a sky map of true relative intensity. As a result, we observe that the measured and corrected sky maps show significant differences in intensity and angular spectral power. Our full anisotropy sky map of true relative intensity contradicts the assumption that the latitudinal variation in longitudinally averaged flux is negligible. The result further confirms that TeV cosmic-ray anisotropy is dominated by a dipole (ℓ = 1) aligned with the interstellar magnetic field’s direction. Our results also confirm the existence of much weaker middle-scale interstellar anisotropy between ℓ = 2 and ℓ = 13.
Establishment and Application of an Interplanetary Disturbance Index Based on the Solar Wind–Magnetosphere Energy Coupling Function and the Spectral Whitening Method
Authors: Zhao Xiaowei , Wang Jingsong , Zhao Mingxian , Liu Ying D. , Hu Huidong , Liu Mingzhe , Mao Tian , Zong Qiugang
Published: July 2024

We develop a preliminary interplanetary disturbance index (J

s

W

) by applying the spectral whitening method to an energy coupling function with solar wind measurements during the years 1998–2014 as the input, which can be used as an indicator of perturbations in the near-Earth solar wind. The correlation and temporal variation between J

s

W

and the geomagnetic disturbance index (J

p

G

) constructed from the same method have been analyzed in detail for 167 geomagnetic storms with the minimum D
st index less than or equal to −50 nT. The time delay between J

s

W

and J

p

G

is clearly observable and varies for different events, according to which J

s

W

is shifted backward with respect to J

p

G

. We obtain a fairly good negative correlation between the shifted J

s

W

and the J

p

G

indices for the majority of events, and the significance level for 88% of the events (i.e., 147 events) does not exceed 0.05. A statistical analysis of the shifted J

s

W

and the J

p

G

indices for 147 selected events reveals that larger values of J

s

W

and smaller magnitudes of J

p

G

are commonly accompanied by enhanced southward magnetic fields, which implies that more solar wind energy is entering the magnetosphere and thus causing strong geomagnetic storms. Furthermore, a linear fit of the two indices suggests that the evolution of J

p

G

can be predicted about 2 hr in advance based on J

s

W

, indicating that J

s

W

can provide early warnings of possible disturbances in the geomagnetic fields, which is crucial for space weather monitoring and operational forecasting.
Super-Eddington Magnetized Neutron Star Accretion Flows: A Self-similar Analysis
Authors: Chen Ken , Dai Zi-Gao
Published: July 2024

The properties of super-Eddington accretion disks exhibit substantial distinctions from the sub-Eddington ones. In this paper, we investigate the accretion process of a magnetized neutron star (NS) surrounded by a super-Eddington disk. By constructing self-similar solutions for the disk structure, we study in detail an interaction between the NS magnetosphere and the inner region of the disk, revealing that this interaction takes place within a thin boundary layer. The magnetosphere truncation radius is found to be approximately proportional to the Alfvén radius, with a coefficient ranging between 0.34–0.71, influenced by the advection and twisting of a magnetic field, NS rotation, and radiation emitted from an NS accretion column. Under super-Eddington accretion, the NS can readily spin up to become a rapid rotator. The proposed model can be employed to explore the accretion and evolution of NSs in diverse astrophysical contexts, such as ultraluminous X-ray binaries or active galactic nucleus disks.
Variable Radio Emission of Neutron Star X-Ray Binary Ser X–1 during Its Persistent Soft State
Authors: Pattie Eli C. , Maccarone Thomas J. , Tetarenko Alexandra J. , Miller-Jones James C. A. , Pichardo Marcano Manuel , Rivera Sandoval Liliana E.
Published: July 2024

Ser X–1 is a low-mass neutron star X-ray binary and has been persistently accreting since its discovery in the 1960s. It has always been observed to be in a soft spectral state and has never showed substantial long-term X-ray variability. Ser X–1 has one previous radio observation in the literature in which radio emission was detected during this soft state, which is contrary to the behavior of black hole X-ray binaries. We have recently obtained 10 randomly sampled radio epochs of Ser X–1 in order to further investigate its anomalous soft-state radio emission. Out of 10 epochs, we find 8 nondetections and 2 detections at 10 GHz flux densities of 19.9 ± 4.2 μJy and 32.2 ± 3.6 μJy, respectively. We do not detect polarization in either epoch, ruling out very high polarization levels (≲63% and 34%). We compare these Ser X–1 results to other X-ray binaries and consider explanations for its long-term variable radio behavior.
Bridging Model–Data Discrepancies in Mars’ Dayside Ionosphere: Exploring Varying Reaction Rate Coefficients
Authors: Persson M. , Vigren E.
Published: July 2024

Measurements of concentrations of neutral and ion species in the upper atmosphere of Mars by the Neutral Gas and Ion Mass Spectrometer (NGIMS) on board the Mars Atmosphere and Volatile EvolutioN mission have served as model input and/or for comparison with model output in numerous earlier studies of the Martian dayside ionosphere. While many models reproduce the altitudinal density profiles of key ion species within a factor of a few, it has proven challenging to achieve a level of agreement within tens of percent for multiple ion species over a wide range of altitudes. We explore means to overcome this issue while keeping with a reduced chemical model and utilizing the assumptions of photochemical equilibrium and that the NGIMS data are devoid of any measurement errors. We entertain, for instance, the idea that the rate coefficient for the charge-transfer reaction between

CO

2

+

and O may vary with altitude as a result of a pressure-controlled internal energy distribution of the

CO

2

+

population.
Expansion and Spectral Softening of the Dust-scattering Rings of GRB 221009A
Authors: Zhao 赵 Guoying 国英 , Shen 申 Rong-Feng 荣锋
Published: July 2024

An expanding X-ray halo or rings appear when short pulses of X-ray radiation from a background source are scattered by clouds of dust in the Milky Way. We study the X-ray rings of the brightest gamma-ray burst (GRB) 221009A, detected by the Swift X-Ray Telescope. The rings center on the GRB position, and their angular radii increase with time. We identify five major expanding rings, and our modeling of their expansion history suggests that they are scattered off from five dusty clouds at distances of 0.4–13 kpc from the observer. Given an assumed prompt X-ray fluence of this GRB, the fluxes of those rings suggest that these clouds have dust grain column densities of 107∼8 cm−2. More interestingly, our time-dependent spectral analysis of these rings shows that they all experience spectral softening, i.e., getting softer as they expand, with spectral indices ranging from 2.2 to 5, consistent with what the dust-scattering model predicts.
Cosmology Large Angular Scale Surveyor (CLASS): 90 GHz Telescope Pointing, Beam Profile, Window Function, and Polarization Performance
Authors: Datta Rahul , Brewer Michael K. , Couto Jullianna Denes , Eimer Joseph , Li 李 Yunyang 云炀 , Xu 徐 Zhilei 智磊 , Ali Aamir , Appel John W. , Bennett Charles L. , Bustos Ricardo , Chuss David T. , Cleary Joseph , Dahal Sumit , Raul Javier Espinoza Inostroza Francisco , Essinger-Hileman Thomas , Fluxá Pedro , Harrington Kathleen , Helson Kyle , Iuliano Jeffrey , Karakla John , Marriage Tobias A. , Novack Sasha , Núñez Carolina , Padilla Ivan L. , Parker Lucas , Petroff Matthew A. , Reeves Rodrigo , Rostem Karwan , Shi 时 Rui 瑞 , Valle Deniz A. N. , Watts Duncan J. , Weiland Janet L. , Wollack Edward J. , Zeng Lingzhen
Published: July 2024

The Cosmology Large Angular Scale Surveyor (CLASS) is a telescope array that observes the cosmic microwave background (CMB) over ∼75% of the sky from the Atacama Desert, Chile, at frequency bands centered near 40, 90, 150, and 220 GHz. CLASS measures the large angular scale CMB polarization to constrain the tensor-to-scalar ratio and the optical depth to last scattering. This paper presents the optical characterization of the 90 GHz telescope. Observations of the Moon establish the pointing while dedicated observations of Jupiter are used for beam calibration. The standard deviations of the pointing error in azimuth, elevation, and boresight angle are 1.′3, 2.′1, and 2.′0, respectively, over the first 3 yr of observations. This corresponds to a pointing uncertainty ∼7% of the beam’s full width at half-maximum (FWHM). The effective azimuthally symmetrized instrument 1D beam estimated at 90 GHz has an FWHM of 0.°620 ± 0.°003 and a solid angle of 138.7 ± 0.6(stats.) ± 1.1(sys.) μsr integrated to a radius of 4°. The corresponding beam window function drops to

b

ℓ

2

=
0.93
,
0.71
,
0.14

at ℓ = 30, 100, 300, respectively. Far-sidelobes are studied using detector-centered intensity maps of the Moon and measured to be at a level of 10−3 or below relative to the peak. The polarization angle of Tau A estimated from preliminary survey maps is 149°.6 ± 0°.2(stats.) in equatorial coordinates. The instrumental temperature-to-polarization (T → P) leakage fraction, inferred from per-detector demodulated Jupiter scan data, has a monopole component at the level of 1.7 × 10−3, a dipole component with an amplitude of 4.3 × 10−3, with no evidence of quadrupolar leakage.
Observations of Five Major Uranian Satellites during 2013–2020 Based on Gaia DR3
Authors: Zhang H. Y. , Yu Y. , Qiao R. C. , Yan D. , Cheng X. , Tang K. , Mao Y. D.
Published: July 2024

A total of 10,339 positions of the five major Uranian satellites (Ariel, Umbriel, Titania, Oberon and Miranda) were collected at the Yunnan Observatories from 2013 to 2020 with the 1.0 m astrometric reflector. A median filtering method was applied to reduce the influence of the bright Uranus halo. All CCD observational data was analyzed by the newly developed CCD image-processing software with Gaia DR3 as the reference catalog. The impact of different exposure times on satellite positioning accuracy was evaluated. The observational positions of satellites were compared with theoretical positions from Institut de Mécanique Céleste et de Calcul des Éphémérides (DE441 and Lainey et al. 2015) and the mean offsets are from −0.″115 to 0.″103 in both R.A. and decl. for the five satellites. The standard deviation of the offsets are from 0.″008 to 0.″086 for the four greatest Uranian satellites and from 0.″037 to 0.″132 for Miranda in each direction. These precise observations of the five major Uranian satellites over an 8 yr period will be very useful for improving the orbital parameters of both Uranus and its five major satellites.
Improving Cosmological Constraints by Inferring the Formation Channel of Extreme-mass-ratio Inspirals
Authors: Zhu 朱 Liang-Gui 良贵 , Fan 范 Hui-Min 会敏 , Chen 陈 Xian 弦 , Hu 胡 Yi-Ming 一鸣 , Zhang 张 Jian-dong 建东
Published: July 2024

Extreme-mass-ratio inspirals (EMRIs) could be detected by space-borne gravitational-wave (GW) detectors, such as the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA), TianQin, and Taiji. Localizing EMRIs by GW detectors can help us select candidate host galaxies, which can be used to infer the cosmic expansion history. In this paper, we demonstrate that the localization information can also be used to infer the formation channel of EMRIs, and can hence allow us to extract more precisely the redshift probability distributions. By conducting mock observations of the EMRIs that can be detected by TianQin and LISA, as well as the galaxies that can be provided by the future Chinese Space Station Telescope, we find that TianQin can constrain the Hubble–Lemaître constant H
0 to a precision of ∼3%–8% and the dark energy equation-of-state parameter w
0 to ∼10%–40%. The TianQin+LISA network, by increasing the localization accuracy, can improve the precisions of H
0 and w
0 to ∼0.4%–7% and ∼4%–20%, respectively. Then, considering an illustrative case in which all EMRIs originate in active galactic nuclei (AGNs), and combining the mock EMRI observation with a mock AGN catalog, we show that TianQin can recognize the EMRI–AGN correlation with ∼1300 detections. The TianQin+LISA network can reduce this required number to ∼30. Additionally, we propose a statistical method to directly estimate the fraction of EMRIs produced in AGNs, f
agn, and show that observationally deriving this value could significantly improve the constraints on the cosmological parameters. These results demonstrate the potentials of using EMRIs as well as galaxy and AGN surveys to improve the constraints on cosmological parameters and the formation channel of EMRIs.
Evaluation of Scale-dependent Kurtosis with HelioSwarm
Authors: Pecora Francesco , Pucci Francesco , Malara Francesco , Klein Kristopher G. , Marcucci Maria Federica , Retinò Alessandro , Matthaeus William
Published: July 2024

Plasma turbulence involves complex, nonlinear interactions of electromagnetic fields and charged particles across multiple scales. Studying these phenomena in space plasmas, like the solar wind, is facilitated by the intrinsic scale separations and the availability of in situ spacecraft observations. However, the single-point or single-scale configurations of current spacecraft limit our understanding of many properties of the turbulent solar wind. To overcome these limitations, multipoint measurements spanning a range of characteristic scales are essential. This Letter prepares for the enhanced measurement capabilities of upcoming multispacecraft missions by demonstrating that higher-order statistics, specifically kurtosis, as a baseline for intermittency can be accurately measured. Using synthetic turbulent fields with adjustable intermittency levels, we achieve scale separations analogous to those in the solar wind and apply these techniques to the planned trajectories of the HelioSwarm mission. This approach promises significant advancements in our understanding of plasma turbulence.
On the identity and placement of Xysticus lendli Kulczyński, 1897 (Araneae, Thomisidae): an integrative approach
Authors: Gallé-Szpisjak Nikolett , Gallé Róbert , Szabó Krisztián , Szűts Tamás
Published: July 2024

The species Xysticus lendli is known only from its original description of a single male and one doubtful record so far. Here, we illustrate and redescribe the species based on 34 specimens in total and describe its female for the first time. We illustrated the male palp via compound micrographs and scanning electron micrographs. We generated a DNA barcode and placed it into a current phylogenetic scaffold to confirm the species’ placement of Spiracme, a long-debated sister- or subgroup of Xysticus; hence, a new combination of Spiracme lendli (Kulczyński, 1897), comb. nov. is proposed. We illustrated the visually similar Xysticus mongolicus and the type species of Spiracme, S. striatipes, and compared them to S. lendli to aid future distinctions between those species.
Le réchauffement climatique : enjeu crucial du XXI e siècle
Authors: Durand Frédéric
Published: July 2024

Le réchauffement climatique lié aux émissions de gaz à effet de serre des sociétés techno-industrielles est de plus en plus abordé par les médias et les décideurs. Pourtant, peu connaissent sa gravité et ses enjeux. Cela est lié à divers éléments dont : l’activité des lobbys, le manque de volonté de la communauté internationale, l’ampleur d’un phénomène dépassant ce qu’a connu l’humanité depuis 12 000 ans, ainsi que des perspectives inquiétantes sans vraie solution.
Les assureurs, partenaires de l’État dans la gestion du changement climatique
Authors: Lustman Florence
Published: July 2024

Le dérèglement climatique est pleinement reconnu par la Fédération française des assureurs, qui anticipe une hausse du coût des sinistres en lien avec l’environnement. C’est avec les pouvoirs publics que les assureurs pourront faire face à cette évolution, par l’intermédiaire de divers processus mis en œuvre conjointement. Le meilleur outil demeure en tout état de cause l’application de politiques préventives, à même de maintenir les meilleurs garanties face aux risques en devenir.
L’Europe face au changement climatique : histoire d’une ambition
Authors: Brouillet Jérôme
Published: July 2024

Depuis 1995, l’Union européenne s’est toujours positionnée à la pointe de l’action internationale contre le changement climatique. Cela l’a conduit à assumer des objectifs de réduction de ses émissions de gaz à effet de serre de plus en plus volontariste, sans hésiter à les réviser régulièrement et à tenir ces objectifs. Pour ce faire, l’Union répartit les efforts à faire entre les Etats membres, mais aussi entre les secteurs économiques avec la mise en place en 2005 d’un marché carbone européen. Cependant, l’ampleur des changements à opérer dans l’économie ont conduit les législateurs européens à compléter cette approche en adoptant un nombre croissant de textes sectoriels. Cette planification écologique sectorielle se développe particulièrement dans le secteur des transports qui s’est avéré le plus difficile à décarboner. Le prochain mandat européen sera celui de la mise en oeuvre de ces législations, mais aussi de l’élaboration d’une politique européenne de l’adaptation au changement climatique qui est le parent pauvre de cet effort.
Le changement climatique s’impose à nous
Authors: Crépon Étienne , Charrue Hervé
Published: July 2024

Les engagements pris pour lutter contre le changement climatique passent par une décarbonation quasi-totale du secteur du bâtiment en 2050, et son adaptation aux climats futurs dans la perspective de +4 °C en 2100. Ceci touche plus de 98 % du parc qui devra donc être rénové. Encore faut-il le connaître précisément. C’est ce que permet aujourd’hui la base de données nationale des bâtiments (BDNB) issue de la direction recherche et développement du CSTB et de ses partenaires académiques. Elle autorise d’ores et déjà des simulations à grande échelle au niveau du parc, en support à l’action publique. Pour chaque acteur socioéconomique, elle permet une mise en perspective ainsi qu’une optimisation des impacts du réchauffement climatique sur le projet de rénovation du bâtiment dans son environnement urbain et, avec les outils de simulation de dernière génération couplés aux données massives, la fiabilisation des solutions de rénovation énergétique pour les différents types de bâtiment. C’est une condition nécessaire pour réussir.
Des politiques de sobriété foncière pour transformer le ZAN en opportunité
Authors: Bariol-Mathais Brigitte
Published: July 2024

Le ZAN pose aux collectivités et acteurs locaux une équation complexe et apparaît comme source d’injonctions paradoxales. Le ZAN demande à construire de véritables stratégies de sobriété foncière. La Fnau plaide dans ce but pour une mobilisation renforcée de l’ingénierie territoriale locale, dans une chaîne maillée qui va de l’observation à la planification et à l’action opérationnelle. La connaissance et la maîtrise des outils de mesure sont en effet des enjeux clefs pour guider les décisions. Identifier le « foncier caché » pour le mobiliser dans les projets urbains est indispensable car, fréquemment, les gisements fonciers sont mal connus et mal appréhendés par les acteurs locaux. Des projets de territoire robustes, socles des documents d’urbanisme SCOT et PLUI, permettent de bien estimer les besoins en fonction des contextes : territoires tendus et détendus n’auront pas les mêmes besoins. Enfin, les leviers économiques et fiscaux doivent pouvoir se transformer afin de privilégier les opérations en renouvellement urbain par rapport à l’artificialisation. Le ZAN peut devenir une opportunité pour revitaliser des centres et il invite aussi à considérer les espaces périurbains comme des laboratoires de nouvelles formes d’habiter, d’ingénierie et de politiques publiques.
L’immobilier bas-carbone, une avancée française
Authors: Poitrinal Guillaume
Published: July 2024

Voici l’une de ces injonctions contradictoires qui alimentent les débats sur le climat : le bâtiment est responsable de 36 % des émissions de CO2 dans l’Union européenne et il convient donc de tout faire pour les limiter… mais pas au point de construire moins puisqu’en Europe, la pénurie de logements est un problème social majeur. Comment sortir de cette contradiction apparente ? En opérant un changement profond dans la façon de construire et de gérer des bâtiments. Heureusement, la moitié de ceux qui existeront en 2050 n’ont pas encore été construits. Il s’agit donc d’une opportunité fondamentale pour les acteurs du bâtiment et de la construction de se réinventer pour imaginer, réaliser et livrer des immeubles résilients, économes en énergie et à faible émission de carbone. Et la France détient dans ces domaines des compétences éprouvées.
Une nouvelle approche pour décarboner le transport de marchandises
Authors: Tainturier François
Published: July 2024

Pour relever le défi de la décarbonation du transport de marchandises, de nouvelles approches sont engagées, s’appuyant sur la maîtrise de la demande, la mobilisation des filières économiques, une vision plus systémique et une nouvelle gouvernance. La dynamique collective est encourageante, mais encore fragile, l’inscription dans les territoires constituant le socle de la réussite.
Quand décarboner l’aviation devient une réalité du présent
Authors: Rocca Jacques
Published: July 2024

En cette fin de premier quart de XXI e siècle, les enjeux du changement climatique sont devenus l’alpha et l’oméga des politiques tant publiques que privées, pour la quasi-totalité des pays européens ainsi que progressivement pour pas mal d’autres pays du globe. Dans le secteur aéronautique, l’OACI, Organisation Mondiale de l’Aviation Civile, est parvenue elle aussi à un accord avec l’ensemble de ses membres, qu’il s’agisse des constructeurs d’aéronefs ou de compagnies aériennes, afin de décarboner totalement l’aviation d’ici 2050. Cette équation est particulièrement ambitieuse car elle nécessite à la fois l’implication des industriels, des motoristes, des compagnies aériennes, des énergéticiens mais aussi des aéroports. Son objectif implique d’une part, le soutien des pouvoirs publics par un encadrement réglementaire adapté et d’autre part, l’engagement d’une politique fiscale ou d’investissements fléchés. Mais Rome ne s’est pas faite en un jour et la décarbonation a elle aussi ses étapes. Aura Aero, jeune acteur toulousain du secteur aéronautique, propose d’ores et déjà des solutions pour y parvenir dès 2030 dans le segment de l’aviation régionale, car c’est elle qui est la plus émettrice de CO2 par kilomètre parcouru.
L’énergie solaire : un atout pour le mix électrique, le développement économique bas carbone et l’activité des territoires
Authors: Bour Daniel
Published: July 2024

Le secteur photovoltaïque représente une filière d’avenir. Outre sa facilité d’usage, ses rendements connaissent une hausse continue. Enerplan assure le déploiement de cette source d’énergie dans le respect des réglementations telles que la biodiversité. Et les marges de progrès demeurent importantes, notamment à travers l’implantation de nouvelles gigafactories, ceci à la condition d’une implication de toutes les parties prenantes.
La transition écologique se fera à l’échelon local ou ne se fera pas
Authors: Moudenc Jean-Luc
Published: July 2024

Métropole européenne, référence internationale dans les domaines de l’aéronautique et du spatial, Toulouse affiche un dynamisme économique et une qualité de vie qui séduisent chaque année plusieurs milliers de nouveaux arrivants. Terre de prédilection pour les pionniers, Toulouse est le berceau d’une épopée aéronautique, commencée avec l’Aéropostale, poursuivie avec le premier vol du Concorde, et avec l’assemblage de l’A-380, le plus gros avion civil jamais construit. En s’appuyant sur un écosystème industriel, universitaire et entrepreneurial dynamique, Toulouse se tourne vers les filières du futur : numérique, sciences de la santé et du vivant, transports du futur… L’innovation, la recherche et développement, sont au coeur de l’ADN toulousain. Sur ce territoire d’excellence sont dénombrés plus de 22 000 chercheurs, 400 unités de recherche et quelque 120 000 étudiants. La ville rose propose également une vie culturelle intense, une convivialité sans égale, un patrimoine d’exception, une offre sportive portée par des clubs amateurs et d’élite et un cadre de vie qui donne toute sa place à la nature en ville.
Conflit toponymique au Maroc, aspect du conflit linguistique
Authors: Knioui Daoud
Published: July 2024

La présente contribution s’inscrit dans l’axe des rapports qu’entretiennent les langues existantes dans l’aire géographique marocaine. Elle porte essentiellement sur l’un des aspects du conflit linguistique que nous appelons : le conflit onomastique en l’occurrence le conflit toponymique, une part cachée du conflit des langues. Alors pour comprendre ce conflit toponymique au Maroc, il importe de croiser les regards : linguistique, sociolinguistique, géographique, sociologique… Au cours de nos enquêtes sur l’onomastique amazighe, nous avons pratiquement assisté à ce conflit sur lequel nous avons collecté des données par la méthode qualitative, l’observation directe et l’analyse de contenu. L’objectif de la présente communication est de mettre en lumière ce conflit toponymique au Maroc, d’en dresser linguistiquement les aspects majeurs : transcription, substitution, traduction, dénaturalisation, valorisation et étymologisation tendancieuse.
A robust numerical study on modified Lumpy skin disease model
Authors: Kumar Parveen , Kumar Sunil , Alkahtani Badr Saad T. , Alzaid Sara S.
Published: July 2024

This paper was to present a mathematical model of non-integer order and demonstrated the detrimental consequences of lumpy skin disease (LSD). The LSD model included primarily affected cattle and other animals, particularly buffalo and cows. Given the significant drop in the number of livestock and dairy products, it was essential to use mathematical models to raise awareness of this issue. We examined the suggested LSD model to understand as well as every possible avenue that could result in the illness spreading throughout the community. Ulam-Hyers stability made it easier to analyze the stability of the LSD model, and fixed-point theory was a valuable tool for finding the existence and uniqueness of the solution to the suggested model. We have used new versions of power law and exponential decay fractional numerical methods. Numerical calculations were showing the influence of various fractional orders on the spread of disease and provided more informations than integer orders for the sensitive parameters of the proposed model. The graphical depiction is showed an understanding of the proposed LSD model.
Robust performance evaluation of independent agents
Authors: Kambhampati Ashwin
Published: July 2024

A principal provides incentives for independent agents. The principal cannot observe the agents' actions, nor does she know the entire set of actions available to them. It is shown that an anti‐informativeness principle holds: very generally, robustly optimal contracts must link the incentive pay of the agents. In symmetric and binary environments, they must exhibit
joint performance evaluation—each agent's pay is increasing in the performance of the other.
Pactes avec la « publicité » : Faust dans les enfers médiatiques
Authors: Guellec Laurence
Published: July 2024

Le xixe siècle, entre autres mutations, a été celui de l’acculturation de la « publicité » dans sa double acception : l’écrit public, dans la presse et l’édition, et les activités publicitaires de la réclame protéiforme. Mon étude espère montrer comment, en France, l’avènement conjoint du capitalisme culturel et de la culture médiatique a donné lieu à un processus d’allégorisation du choc, voire du traumatisme, que ces évolutions ont provoqué : à un moment faustien dans l’histoire des imaginaires médiatiques, mieux, à un grand récit méphistophélien de la « publicité », dont nous verrons quelques chapitres s’écrire, de Balzac à Jules Vallès. Alors même qu’elles ont contribué à le stéréotyper, les réécritures du mythe de Faust en France, originales et plus profondes qu’elles ne semblent, ont mis les mythologies de la littérature elle-même à l’épreuve d’un enfer très concret, celui des lois d’airain de la nouvelle socio-économie de la culture.
Ontologías políticas plurales en los procesos de transición sostenible
Authors: Zurbriggen Cristina , Gioscia Laura
Published: July 2024

A pesar de las advertencias científicas sobre las problemáticas ambientales, hasta la fecha se han identifican pocos avances orientados hacia una transición sostenible. En este escenario, el objetivo de este trabajo es reflexionar sobre la relevancia de abordar la dimensión política y los conflictos ontológicos en el estudio de las transiciones hacia la sostenibilidad. Considerar las ontologías políticas permite una mayor apertura y comprensión de perspectivas diversas. Esto implica reconocer que hay diferentes realidades y maneras de ver el mundo, y que no existe una única solución para todos los problemas ambientales. Al hacerlo, se abre la posibilidad de avanzar hacia ontologías múltiples y promover una transición sostenible más inclusiva, equitativa y adaptada a la diversidad de realidades y perspectivas presentes en nuestro mundo. Con el fin de aportar a estos debates, en el presente artículo se propone una reflexión crítica sobre la importancia de considerar las ontologías políticas en el abordaje de problemas socioambientales complejos. Para ello, examinamos las ontologías políticas y el creciente interés académico por incorporar la dimensión ontológica en los estudios ambientales y los aportes relevantes realizados desde América Latina. A continuación, reflexionamos sobre la relevancia de valorar el disenso en las transiciones sostenibles, incorporando el pluralismo ambiental en procesos de cambio.
Les Paysages d’oliveraies d’Andalousie : analyse des dynamiques patrimoniales, identitaires (habitants) et touristiques dans le processus d’inscription UNESCO
Authors: Brianso Isabelle
Published: July 2024

En Espagne, bien que les oliveraies soient réparties sur presque tout le territoire, leur plus grande concentration se situe en Andalousie. Cultivé depuis l’Antiquité, l’olivier est aujourd’hui un secteur économique très stratégique pour cette région sud de la péninsule ibérique. Ce pays soutient une candidature Unesco dont la zone d’inscription s’étend en partie sur un territoire appelé « el mar de olivos » formant un paysage de 70 millions d’oliviers, ce qui en fait la plus grande plantation d’arbres d’Europe. Le développement contemporain de cette mono-agriculture a eu un impact considérable sur les modes de vie, l’industrie locale et le patrimoine de plusieurs villes, (Grenade, Cordoue, Jaén), façonnant ainsi l’identité culturelle et sociale de ce territoire. Aujourd’hui, l’oliveraie andalouse a largement dépassé sa définition traditionnelle et agricole. En effet, ce patrimoine immatériel et sa préservation (savoir-faire et paysage) ont joué un rôle crucial dans la reconnaissance identitaire et mémorielle revendiquée par les habitants lors du processus d’inscription. Cet article étudie les dynamiques patrimoniales de ce paysage oléicole auprès de l’Unesco, ainsi que la participation des habitants lors du processus d’inscription et les alternatives touristiques (routes) en marge des grandes villes andalouses du patrimoine mondial (Cordoue, Grenade, Séville) à partir de documents ayant servi à la candidature d’inscription.
The Olive Groves of Andalusia: Analysis of the Dynamics Through Heritage, Identity (Inhabitants) and Tourism in the UNESCO Inscriptions’ Process
Authors: Brianso Isabelle
Published: July 2024

In Spain, although olive groves are found throughout most of the country, they are most concentrated in Andalusia. Cultivated since ancient times, the olive tree is now a highly strategic economic sector for this southern region of the Iberian Peninsula. Andalusia is supporting a UNESCO candidature, part of which extends over an area known as "el mar de olivos", forming a landscape of 70 million olive trees, making it the largest tree plantation in Europe. The contemporary development of this mono-agriculture has had a considerable impact on lifestyles, local industry and the heritage of several cities (Granada, Cordoba, Jaén), shaping the cultural and social identity of the area. Today, the Andalusian olive grove has gone far beyond its traditional agricultural definition. Indeed, this intangible heritage and its preservation (know-how and landscape) have played a crucial role in the recognition of identity and memory claimed by the inhabitants during the inscription process. This article examines the heritage dynamics of this olive-growing landscape in relation to UNESCO, as well as the participation of local people during the inscription process and the tourist alternatives (routes) on the fringes of the major Andalusian World Heritage cities (Cordoba, Granada and Seville), based on the documents used for the inscription application.
Promoting olive as a tourist attraction in Saint-Rémy de Provence: between symbolic requalification and misappropriation of heritage values
Authors: Deramond Julie , Grison Pauline , Triquet Eric
Published: July 2024

This article examines the place of the olive heritage and its products in the tourism promotion of Saint-Rémy de Provence. This Provencal town was chosen because it is located in a region which is famous for its olive groves. By studying the iconic discourse based on the use of images linked to the olive-growing heritage, the aim is to examine the hypothesis that the olive, olive oil and the olive tree have above all an emblematic value as symbols of Provence. Our aim is to show that they are used primarily for commercial and tourist purposes, as well as being witnesses to a claimed cultural identity.
Olive Tourism motivations, activities and experiences: Perspectives from a Portuguese Delphi Panel
Authors: Dias Francisco , Oliveira Fernanda
Published: July 2024

The olive heritage is a central element of many of the Mediterranean rural territories and is the basis for the development of a range of infrastructures, activities and experiences that make up olive tourism. The trend towards healthier, more genuine and authentic consumption has contributed to a growing demand that increasingly enhances values and resources that represent the rural world, including those relating to olive growing. Through the Delphi method and the collaboration of a panel of 12 Portuguese experts in olive tourism, this study aims to identify the most important range of activities, experiences and motivations in the context of olive tourism. It is intended to contribute to a more accurate knowledge of the subject, particularly the aspects that allow the development of an offer more aligned with the current motivational trends of tourist demand.The results show that the activities and experiences considered most important in the context of olive tourism are those directly related to olive oil tasting and typical gastronomic dishes where olive oil is the most remarkable element. Additionally, it emerges that gastronomic tourism is the tourism product that presents the greatest affinity and complementarity with olive tourism.
“Green gold” - “Divine gift” – “The definition of family”: Perceptions and attitudes of domestic olive tourism visitors regarding the olive heritage in Greece
Authors: Kouri Maria , Kondakis Marios
Published: July 2024

Despite the longstanding significance of olive heritage in Greece, research on olive tourism (OT) remains sparse. This study aims to explore the OT demand-side aspects of OT in Greece, by examining the perceptions and attitudes of domestic OT visitors. Qualitative interviews were conducted with a random sample of 55 predominantly domestic OT visitors from February to April 2023, as part of the Olive4All European project. The findings indicate that domestic OT visitors are highly educated, possessing substantial awareness of the olive’s multifaceted significance. Nonetheless, visits to olive sites markedly enhance visitors’ comprehension of the olive’s sociocultural, environmental and economic aspects, and are, therefore, highly appreciated. Consequently, olive sites should provide comprehensive educational content addressing these dimensions, emphasising environmental and financial aspects, as well as the lesser-known qualities of the olives/olive oil. This approach aligns with the expectations and needs of the knowledgeable domestic market, promotes special interest tourism, and ultimately contributes to safeguarding the olive heritage.
Olivotourism as a tourist-cultural product and its influence on the dynamics of territories
Authors: Lopes Eunice , Martins Pedro
Published: July 2024

This article proposes to explore olive tourism as a tourist-cultural product and its influence on the dynamics of territories. It is understood that the use of natural and cultural resources existing in the territories, as differentiating tourist products, when coherent and rigorous, can be the key factor for territorial cohesion and sustainability. The practice of olive tourism is strongly linked to the tourist and cultural development of more natural and rural areas, contributing to the appreciation and conservation of the unique identity of places, through the promotion of traditional activities that can be experienced by tourists. In this sense, product development strategies based on olive oil and olive trees are relevant to enhance knowledge of the product itself and its connection with local history and traditions. The increase in olive tourism is presented in this study as a challenge for the territory (municipality of Idanha-a-Nova, Portugal), highlighting the recovery of some activities that have been developed to revitalize territorial cohesion.