bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hepcidin level and Other Biochemical Parameters in Iraqi
Acromegaly Diabetic Patients.
Authors: Majed Muhsen Hend , Thair Tahir Noor , S. Jawad Rana
Published: October 2023

Acromegaly is a rare disease resulting from excessive growth hormone
and insulin-like growth factor -1 associated with long-term
comorbidities. This study aimed to find the effect of hepcidin and other
biochemical parameters in acromegaly diabetic patients. This study
was done at the National Diabetes Center/Mustansiriyah University
between October 2021 and the end of April 2022. Nighty participated
in this study (50) acromegaly diabetic patients and (40) healthy control
compared patients. An especially significant increase in fasting blood
sugar, HbA1c, total cholesterol, Triglycerides, Growth hormone, and
IGF-1 in acromegaly Diabetic patients when compared with the control
group. While there was a highly significant decrease in high-density
lipoprotein among acromegaly Diabetic patients compared with the
control group, there was a highly significant decrease in Hepcidin,
Iron, and Ferritin in acromegaly Diabetic patients compared to control.
It can be concluded that low levels of hepcidin in diabetic acromegaly
patients, compared with healthy subjects, have a significant role in iron
and ferritin levels in the human body. Therefore, their decrease affects
diabetes metabolism and heart metabolism. Therefore, moderate levels
of hepcidin, iron, and ferritin must be maintained, which protects
against heart disease.
Keywords: Hepcidin, Iron, Ferritin, Lipid profile, acromegaly.
The efficiency of Pseudomonas mendocina in biodegradation of
chlorpyrifos insecticides
Authors: Abbas Al-Khafaji Zahraa Khudhair , sabah hashim Hassanin , Jabbar Nasser Maryam , A. Dabbi Mohammed
Published: October 2023

At present, extensive varieties of pesticides are being used, but the demand for
Organophosphorus pesticides is increasing globally to control insects. Chlorpyrifos is a broad-spectrum, highly toxic, and chlorinated organophosphate insecticide
that is synthetic and usually an ester or thiol derivative of phosphoric. The mode of
action involves inhibiting acetyl-cholinesterase, leading to the accumulation of
acetylcholine, causing neurotoxicity. Bacteria capable of degrading the pesticide
chlorpyrifos were isolated from soil contaminated with pesticides. This way, three
distinct chlorpyrifos degrading strains of p.mendocina were isolated and characterized using morphological and biochemical analysis. Strains exhibited the
greatest chlorpyrifos degradation rate, reaching 100%, and were consequently
selected for further investigation. Degradation of chlorpyrifos by strains was rapid
at 20 and 37C. Bacteria species were able to effectively degrade chlorpyrifos in a
sterilized medium using high inoculum levels. The maximum degradation rate of
chlorpyrifos was calculated as 100% during 6-12 days. Bacteria such as strain PC1
that use chlorpyrifos as a carbon source could be employed in biodegradation sites
contaminated with pesticides.
Keywords: Biodegradation; organophosphate; Chlorpyrifos; pseudomonas
putida; Hplc.
The Impact of Bacterial Contamination on Public Health and The
Environment
Authors: Jabbar Nasser Maryam , AbdulWahid Jasim Doaa , Nabil Mujjed Ammar , Mahmood Aljamali Nagham
Published: October 2023

Wastewater contains many bacteria that cause many diseases. For example, one
gram of body output (sweat, urine or feces) contains 10 million viruses and a million bacteria. For example, salmonella bacteria that lead to typhoid fever and
gastroenteritis. Shigella bacteria cause diarrheal diseases, and Escherichia coli
causes vomiting and diarrhea and may lead to dehydration, especially in children.
Leptospira bacteria cause inflammatory liver, kidneys, and central nervous system
diseases, while Vibrio bacteria cause cholera. These types of bacteria and others
cause various diseases due to dealing with water contaminated with sewage,
whether by drinking, bathing, or even eating fish caught from this water instead of
staying near contaminated water bodies. It can be referred to diseases such as
polio, yellow fever, scabies and malaria.
Keywords: Bacteria, Disease, Environment, Microbial, contamination.
Analyzing and Examining Smoking Effects and Oxidative Stress Markers in Seminal Plasma in Iraqi Infertility Men
Authors: Ali Kadhim Abeer , M. Al-Kattan Muntaha , M. Abou Ahmed
Published: October 2023

The oxidative stress (OS) and sperm DNA fragmentation have been associated with sub-infertility in males and infertility due to a lack of means of protection and defense (antioxidants) for spermatozoa and an increase in reactive oxygen spices (ROS) related to wrong lifestyle (cigarettes and hookah) or what also known as Shisha. The study included (90) men between the ages of (23-40) years, (60), infertile men who smoked cigarettes and hookahs. They were divided into two groups, the first oligozoospermia and the second asthenozoospermia, according to the guidelines of the World Health Organization for seminal fluid analysis (SFA), 5 th edition, WHO(2010). Each group included (30) smoking infertile males, with a control group included (30) non-smoking fertile males. The study aimed to estimate the concentration level of Ascorbic Acid (AA) in the seminal plasma of two groups of infertile men smoking cigarettes and hookahs using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method, with calculating the concentration of Malondialdehyde (MDA) as well as estimating the percentage of sperm DNA fragmentation (SDF) using sperm chromatin dispersion (SCD), Halo view. Compared with healthy fertile men of non-smokers of cigarettes and hookahs as one of the biomarkers of oxidative stress in infertile men in Nineveh Governorate-Iraq. The results indicated that there were significant differences at the probability level (p<0.01) for the studied parameters (AA, MDA, SDF) compared to the control group (fertile men). The results showed an increase in the percentage of sperm DNA fragmentation with increasing the concentration of MDA in seminal plasma and decreasing the concentration of AA. Cigarette and hookah smoking increased the generation of ROS with a decrease in the water-soluble non-enzymatic antioxidant Ascorbic acid (AA) and thus increased the oxidative processes of the plasma membranes of spermatozoa and the occurrence of oxidative stress and impaired fertility and caused infertility. Keywords: male infertility, oxidative stress, sperm DNA fragmentation, Ascorbic acid, MDA. Bionatura http://dx.doi.org/10.21931/RB/CSS/2023
Study the effect of fulvic acid, humic acid and phosphate fertilizer
on the kinetics and adsorption of phosphorous in calcareous soil
Authors: Ibrahim Hussein Fatima , D.S Al Maamouri Abdu lbaqi
Published: October 2023

This study was conducted to evaluate the efficiency of fulvic and humic acids in
the kinetics of phosphorus liberation and adsorption in calcareous soils, as they
were added at levels of 20 and 40 kg.h-1 with three levels of phosphorus in the form
of triple superphosphate fertilizer, 0, 50 and 100 kg. h-1
, the five kinematic equations were used: the zero order equation, the first order equation, the exponential
function equation, the diffusion equation and the Eloveg equation. The results
showed the superiority of the exponential function equation, as it gave the highest
values of the determination coefficient R2 was 0.953 and the lowest standard error
value SEe amounted to 0.0584, and the superiority of fulvic acid over humic acid
in increasing the speed of release of the added phosphorous at both levels and with
an increase rate of 72.0, 45.5 and 25.0% at Level 20 kg.ha-1
, 41.2, 7.1 and 19.7%
at 40 kg.ha-1 And the levels of added phosphorous were 0, 50 and 100 kg h-1
,
respectively. The results showed in the adsorption experiment that the type of acid
affected the values of binding energy k and maximum adsorption Xm, as fulvic
acid outperformed humic acid in reducing them, and the percentage of decrease in
energy values was Binding 38.7, 41.5 and 52.2%. As for the maximum adsorption
values, the decrease percentage was 44.2, 46.2 and 44.7%. An increase in the maximum adsorption values with time was also observed, as they were 1714, 2075 and
2083 µgP.gm-1
soil. The average binding energy values were 1.55, 1.83 and 2.34
µg P.gm-1
in the case of humic, while in the case of Volvic, the maximum adsorption values were 955.5, 1079.5 and 1151.5 µg P.gm-1
in soil, while the binding
energy values were 0.95, 1.07 and 1.11 ml. µg P-1 during three time periods. Adding acids to the soil takes 20, 60 and 100 days, respectively.
Keywords: humic acid; kinetics; fertilizer; superphosphate.
A comparison of VCAM-1 and ICAM-1 as atherosclerosis risk factors in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus from Iraq
Authors: Khammas Jaafar Hajer Walid , Hassan Abdulhadi Ghid , Hadi Munshid Mohammad
Published: October 2023

All major organs may be impacted by the connective disease systemic
lupus erythematosus, a separate risk factor for coronary artery disease (CAD). Adhesion molecules like intercellular adhesion molecules (ICAM) and vascular cell
adhesion molecules (VCAM) can detect endothelial damage and dysfunction,
which appear to play a crucial role. This study investigated whether people with
SLE had elevated subclinical and clinical atherosclerosis risk factors. Traditional
CAD risk factors such as smoking, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia cannot entirely explain this elevation. It is thought that immunological dysfunction also increases CAD risk in SLE patients. The study aimed to assess early endothelial
changes in SLE Iraqi female patients without previous coronary artery lesions by
exploring a potential relationship between circulating VCAM-1 and ICAM-1 as
risk factors for atherosclerosis and the relationship of CAD with SLE disease and
its severity; further, the study explained the effect of the hydroxychloroquine
(HCQ) on the lipid profile levels of the patients. 92 female SLE patients were divided into mild, moderate, and severe, according to the SLE disease activity index
2000 (SLEDAI-2k), compared with 30 apparently healthy control individuals. All
of them need a history of CAD. Serum VCAM-1, ICAM-1 level, VCAM-1/ICAM1 ratio, TC, HDL, LDL levels TC/HDL and LDL/HDL ratios were measured.
sVCAM-1, sICAM-1 levels and VCAM-1/ICAM-1 ratio were significantly and
gradually increased in patient groups compared with control. Serum TC, HDL and
LDL levels were significantly reduced in the SLE patients compared to the control.
At the same time, the TC/HDL and LDL/HDL ratios were significantly elevated
with the severity of the SLE disease. sVCAM-1, sICAM-1 level and VCAM1/ICAM-1 ratio together with serum TC/HDL and LDL/HDL may improve coronary artery disease risk categorization in SLE patients without acute coronary syndromes. Furthermore, they were more sensitive in severe SLE instances than in
moderate and mild ones, suggesting that they may be related to the extent of coronary lesions in SLE patients. VCAM-1 had a higher sensitivity than ICAM-1 in
detecting and severity screening for CAD in SLE patients.
Keywords: VCAM-1, ICAM-1, SLE, Atherosclerosis
Study of the seed's quality and vitality from tillers in some Iraqi
wheat cultivars
Authors: Al Ubori Rafid S. , Ahmed Obaid Alaa
Published: October 2023

The experiment was conducted in Babylon province, Al-Shomali district, in a clayloam soil texture in the winter of 2020-2021. to study the effect of cultivars and
planting distances between rows and comparison between tillers and the interaction
on growth, grain yield and their components in wheat crops. The complete randomized block design RCBD was used in the study for four bread wheat cultivars
(C1: Buhooth 22 – C2: French wafer – C3: S 483 and C4: IPA 99). The experiment was analyzed using the spilled plot design into a complete randomized block
design with three replicates; the cultivars were considered to be included in the
main plot, and the study of tillers in plants was the subplot (T1: main tiller – T2:
Second tiller and T3: Third tiller). The most important results can be summarized
as follows: The results showed the C3 cultivar excelled in plant height, number of
tillers, flag leaf area, number of spikes m-2, spike length, number of grains per
spike, biological yield, grain yield and harvest index, while the C4 cultivar was
excelled in chlorophyll content and grain 1000 weight. The tillerring system
showed the main tiller T1 excelled on the rest of the tillers in each chlorophyll
content, flag leaf area, spike length, number of grains per spike, grain 1000
weight, germination power, germination speed, percentage of germination,
seedling weight and the percentage of protein, The interaction between cultivars
and tillers appeared C4T1 excelled in chlorophyll content, spike length and grain
1000 weight, while C1T2 excelled in plant height, C3T1 interaction in flag leaf
area and the number of grains per spike.
Keywords: cultivars, seeds, tiller, wheat.
Study the consequences of nanoemulsion canola oil in overweight
Iraqi volunteers on various biochemical indicators in Iraq.
Authors: Mahdi Manal S. , Mouhamad Raghad S. , Allami Risala H. , Al-Khafaji Khlood A.
Published: October 2023

Obesity is a significant problem in human health and increases the chances of various diseases such as type 2 diabetes, particularly heart disease, systemic hypertension, hyperlipidemia, cardiovascular and certain types of cancer, and arthritis. Obesity is a significant health problem in human beings. The overweight, overweight
individuals of various ages (50-65y) and the BMI (kg/m2) were >25 visiting AlMustansiriyah University/Baghdad National Diabetes Centre. The research period
was between October 2018 and June 2019. This was a randomized, controlled, uniblind test with a parallel design (1 control and 2 therapy groups) comparing the
effects on 75 overweight individuals and obese during a 12-week intervention period of standard Canola oil and nanoemulsion canola oil. In addition to the traditional Canola oil group (CCO, n=25) and the canola nanoemulsion groups (NCO,
n=25) who used the customary dietary ingredients, the control group participants
(CO, n=25). Confirmation of fatty acids showed that oleic acid affected the principal fatty acid by a mean percentage of 61.6±5.78, followed by linoleic and alphalinoleic, respectively, representing 21.7±3.1 and 9.6±0.87. Nanoemulsion canola
oil emulsified with a sonic effect by means of the tween 80 and a milipore 0,22 μm
of tiny nonionic surfactant molecule. There has been no change in the body composition indices (body weight, fatty body, total slurry tissue and bone mineral density). Fasting glucose reduction is seen following nanoemulsion canola oil ingestion. Experimental findings showed no significant fluid profile alterations between
and between treatments. However, in both canola oil groups, LDL-cholesterol reduced compared to sunflower oil while participant intake HDL-cholesterol rose.
On the other hand, triglyceride in the canola oil group rose in the three groups with
a similar total cholesterol concentration. The leptin level in the nanoemulsion canola oil group was significantly less than in the control group, but the leptin exclusion was insignificant in classical and canola oil groups. The leptin level was significantly reduced.
Keywords: Chronic conditions; nano-production; diet of feed; blood pressures.
Protein Replacers in Poultry Diets
Authors: Al-Kaissy Galib A. , S.A. Jawad Hasan , Abdul-Lateef Ali Nihad , Al-Timimi Ihsan H.
Published: October 2023

The experiment was conducted in a private poultry farm from 20/9/2021 to
24/10/2021. Four hundred eighty chickens of the Ross 308 strain were used; the
chicks were randomly divided into 5 experimental groups. Several plant protein
sources in Iraq were used as the major protein source instead of soya bean meal
to cover the diet requirement for protein and calories. The following characteristics were studied: average live body weight gain, feed and CP utilization efficacy,
and chemical and calculated physiological fuel value for boneless meat at 6
weeks of age.
Keywords: Protein, poultry diets, poultry industry
Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxin coding genes identified
from patients with atopic dermatitis in Iraq by molecular
analysis
Authors: H. Kadhum Hadeel , H. Abood Zainab
Published: October 2023

The present study determined the frequency of Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxins (B, C, Luk-pv) of atopic dermatitis isolated from (AD) cases in Laboratories of
Baghdad. 54 Staphylococcus aureus isolates were subjected to primary identification tests using various methods (cultural characteristics, gram staining, biochemical tests, and vitek2 system). This study used antibiotic disc diffusion in
fifty-four S. aureus isolates. Multidrug resistance (MDR) against different antimicrobial agents applied to polymerase chain reaction to amplify different genes
coding for Staphylococcal enterotoxins, including 3 types (seb, sec and luk-pv), To
ensure that the sequences of these genes match NCBI, DNA sequencing was
performed for isolate No. (3). As a result of this study, 25 isolates had a multidrug
resistance (MDR) percent (46.2%) against different antimicrobial agents—the
results of DNA extraction and polymerase chain reaction directed to amplify the
specific enterotoxin coding genes. This study showed that the (seb) gene is present
in isolates of staph aureus bacteria isolated from patients with atopic dermatitis 12
/25 at a percentage (48 %). Furthermore, the absence of the sec gene in all Staphylococcus aureus isolates isolated from patients with atopic dermatitis—the results
of the detection of the luk-pv 23\25 (92%) gene encoded for
lukucidin.Polymerase chain reaction using different primers successfully identified Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxins (B, C)and luk-pv, luk-pv gene, which was
the most frequent.
Keywords: Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxin genes, polymerase chain reaction,
Staphylococcus aureus, atopic dermatitis
A Mixed Method Study to Assess the Effectiveness of VirtualDoc, a mHealth App, in Urban and Rural Regions of Pakistan. (Preprint)
Authors: Rashid Aiman , Abbasi Kainat Faheem , Khan Amna , Muqeet Abdul , Sayani Saleem
Published: October 2023

BACKGROUND

People in suburban and remote areas face significant challenges in accessing doctors and healthcare facilities. Mobile health (mHealth) offers a solution by connecting them with skilled physicians in urban tertiary healthcare facilities, thereby enhancing their access to quality healthcare services resulting in improved care.

OBJECTIVE

The study uses a mixed-method approach to assess the effectiveness of VirtualDoc, a mHealth app that connects individuals living in remote areas with qualified doctors in urban areas.

METHODS

The study population includes men and women aged 18 years or older from both urban and rural settlements in Pakistan. The data collection was done through convenience-based sampling between April 2021 and July 2022. Descriptive analysis was conducted to report average scores and percentages. To further analyze the quantitative data, t-tests and chi-squared tests were performed among different participant groups.

RESULTS

A total of 388 application users were surveyed from both urban and rural areas of Pakistan (Female= 231; Male= 157), and qualitative feedback was obtained regarding their suggestions on improving the user experience. Our findings showed overall satisfaction among app users with the app's features and user-friendliness. However, a statistically significant difference (p<0.05) emerged between urban and rural users.

CONCLUSIONS

The findings of the study will not only contribute towards to fill the digital healthcare literature gap in Pakistan and other LMICs but also help in drawing policy recommendations for future application of mHealth initiatives.
Title: Risk Factors for Wound-Related Complications Following Spine Surgery for Primary and Metastatic Spine. (Preprint)
Authors: Bjelajac Doreen K
Published: October 2023

UNSTRUCTURED

The study systematically reviewed the literature to investigate the risk factors for wound-related complications after primary versus metastatic tumour surgery.
Screening of English-language publications between 2013-2023 on primary and metastatic spinal tumours surgery was conducted. The pooled analysis was done, which compared the risk factors identified in the studies for both metastatic and primary spine, which were defined as patient-related factors and surgery-related factors.
The search strategy identified 506, but only 20 studies were included after screening through inclusion and exclusion criteria. Out of the 20 studies, 17 studies were retrospective studies, 2 were systematic reviews, and 1 was an RCT study. Wound complications were associated with factors such as BMI, female sex, preoperative chemotherapy, smoking history, preoperative radiation, nutrition status, type of surgery, surgery duration, blood loss, preexisting conditions (like diabetes, hypertension) and medication. Holding these risk factors constant, the wound complications were higher for the metastatic spine than primary spine tumours, indicating that patients with metastatic spine tumours had a higher risk of developing wound complications after surgery than those with primary spine tumours.
The risk factors associated with wound complications in metastatic tumours included BMI, blood loss, medication, age, higher blood loss, neurological deterioration after surgery, venous thromboembolism (VTE), smoking, preexisting patient conditions such as diabetes, nutrition status of patients, American Society of Anesthesiologists risk classification (ASA) greater than 2, ambulatory presence, nutrition status of patients and ambulatory presence, history of previous radiation, type of surgery, surgery duration and type of tumour. Risk factors for primary tumours included sacral procedures and the use of equipment when conducting surgery. Given these factors, wound complications were higher for metastatic spine than primary spine tumours.
Antioxidant Activity of Banana Kepok Kuning (Musa paradisiaca L.) and Cavendish (Musa acuminata Colla, AAA) Peel Extracts and the Potential as Chicken Meat Preservative
Authors: Afifah Afifah , Wardana Taufik Adhi Prasetya , Nuringtyas Tri Rini
Published: October 2023

Bananas are a type of fruit that is consumed, with the peel being discarded as waste. However, the peel contains phytochemical compounds, including phenolic and flavonoids, which act as natural antioxidants. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the antioxidant activity of banana peel of Kepok Kuning (KCE) (Musa paradisiaca L.) and Cavendish (CCE) (Musa acuminata Colla, AAA) extracts, as well as eluviate their preservative potency. The sample was extracted using 80% methanol, and the antioxidant activities of KCE and CCE were evaluated using DPPH and FRAP. The extracts and the control antioxidant butylated hydroxyl toluene (BHT) were tested for their preservatives potency on chicken meat at concentrations of 5%, 10%, and 15%, respectively. After 8 days of incubation in the refrigerator, the color change was recorded and analyzed using ImageJ, while free fatty acid contents were determined by titration. The results showed that 15% KCE and 15% CCE exhibited higher antioxidant activities than 0.1% BHT. There was no significant difference in the L (lightness) and b (yellowness) values between the treatments, but variations were evident in the a (redness) values. FFA values were significantly different between treatments, with untreated control registering the highest value at 0.41%, and the KCE 15% and CCE 15% concentrations showing the lowest values at 0.12%. Considering these results, both extracts could be developed as preservatives for chicken meat.
Bound Morpheme Errors in Undergraduate Research Articles: The Case of an English Education Department
Authors: Purinanda Faza Hannan
Published: October 2023

The graduates of English education departments are supposed to possess an advanced level of English, the knowledge of which is essential when becoming educators. Consequently, it is important to recognize prevailing grammatical errors that they commit, since teaching what is essentially flawed language use may cause damaging consequences. This study examines six undergraduate research articles from an English education department to determine common errors in the use of bound morphemes, which come into focus considering their consistent occurrences. This descriptive qualitative research describes and examines the errors in both inflectional and derivational categories. The result of the study shows that the high number of errors in bound morphemes that mark a plural noun as well as present and past tense can be attributed to the similarly high number of their uses in academic writing. Also, the grammatical issues that need to be addressed are those of non-finite verb phrases and noun phrases. A conclusion that can be drawn is that the bound morpheme errors are largely preventable. Suggestions to avoid the errors are then offered.
Silent Masculinity
Authors: Clifford Sarah Joan
Published: October 2023

This paper presents a discursive analysis of the gendering of Alberta’s K-6 Social Studies draft curriculum. It examines if and to what extent the social studies curriculum promotes a gender-less portrayal of history buttressed by a façade of diversity and inclusion. In borrowing from Carol Bacchi’s theories of “what’s the problem represented to be” (WPR) and policies as gendering, it focuses on the discursive positioning of gendered norms and knowledge structures within the curriculum to unearth how the curriculum cultivates traditional masculinist and settler-colonial forms of historical truth while silencing those who contradict these narratives (1999; 2017). Through paying attention to the inclusion of binary gendered representation, their contextual underpinnings, and where gendered absences are positioned, the paper uncovers how the curriculum promotes a return to historical narratives predicated on patriarchal and white thought that pose dire implications for student’s conceptualization(s) of their and their province’s identities.
Changing Incrementally the Academic Publishing Ecosystem
Authors: Razakamaharavo Velomahanina Tahinjanahary
Published: October 2023

The global academic publishing industry, with its entrenched colonial practices, perpetuates inequality between the Global South and North. In this context, young Malagasy scholars face numerous challenges, including limited academic writing skills and a lack of awareness about international publishing opportunities. Moreover, asymmetric power dynamics, imposed by senior scholars, hinder their ability to publish and promote their work online while language barriers confine them to French-speaking journals, limiting global exposure and collaboration. To address these issues, the Economic Social Research Council-funded project Hybricon organized a publishing workshop during the conference called "Hybriconference" in Madagascar, fostering a unique south-north dialogue.  The event brought together global south and north scholars and editors, facilitating collaboration and knowledge exchange. It served as a model for mutually beneficial partnerships, showcasing the importance of inclusive publication practices. The initiative aims to decolonize the publishing ecosystem, emphasizing equity, diversity, inclusivity, intersectionality, and ethical responsibility.
DEVELOPMENT, FORMULATION, AND EVALUATION OF ALOE VERA TOOTH GEL: AN ANTIMICROBIAL STUDY
Authors: RUDRA ANANDAMOY , SHOEB ABU
Published: October 2023

Objective: The purpose of the current study was to develop and formulate tooth gel using Aloe vera leaf extract and evaluate. The experiment was designed to provide scientific proof of the antimicrobial activity of Aloe vera (Aloe barbadensis Mill) in tooth gel formulation against bacteria Staphylococcus aureus which causes infections associated with dental caries.
Methods: Transparent Aloe vera gel extract was consistently blended for five minutes at 1000 Rotations Per Minute (RPM). Carbopol 940 and Carboxy Methyl Cellulose (CMC) were used as excipients in the formulation of Aloe vera tooth gel.
Results: The formulated Aloe vera tooth gel was evaluated by physical examination such as color (yellowish green), good homogeneity and smoothness. pH and viscosity of developed tooth gel preparation were found to be 7.9 and 4.9 Pa. S respectively. The developed Aloe vera tooth gel showed considerable effectiveness with a Zone of Inhibition (ZOI) of 0.022 m, according to an antimicrobial study against Staphylococcus aureus. A comparison between formulated gel and marketed products (Colgate Natural Extract Aloe vera, Himalaya Herbal Active Fresh, Dabur Red) was also carried out.
Conclusion: The formulated herbal tooth gel exhibited antimicrobial activity against gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus. The developed formulation (F4) with the ZOI of 0.022 m could be comparable with the marketed product.
Introducción a la bioética. Desde una perspectiva filosófica
Authors: Rivero Weber Paulina
Published: October 2023

La obra invita introduce al lector en el complejo mundo de la bioética y ofrece una explicación de cómo ésta se ha entendido desde diferentes disciplinas y corrientes a lo largo del último siglo, así como de los conceptos filosóficos necesarios para comprenderla, en un entorno de acelerado progreso científico. Sondea su surgimiento en la filosofía al exponer las bases de este nuevo saber en las ideas de Fritz Jahr y Van Rensselaer Potter, para después explicar las herramientas filosóficas que aportaron a la bioética, sin saberlo, Friedrich Nietzsche y Martin Heidegger.
Stock Market Analysis using Heuristic Approach
Authors: Khandale Shreyas , Patil Prathamesh , Patil Rohan
Published: October 2023

Abstract: The stock market has become one of the most popular investment options for individuals and institutions in recent yea rs. As technology progresses, the use of artificial intelligence in product analysis has become widespread. In this article,we prese nt a stock market model based on LSTM (Long Short Term Memory). LSTM is a type of recurrent neural network (RNN) that h as been shown to be effective in interval-to interval prediction tasks. We use historical price data to train our r model and test its performance on real data. Our results show that the proposed model outperforms the traditional market analysis model.
The Construction of Educational Interaction Models in Pesantren and Its Relevance to Contemporary Islamic Education
Authors: Mafrudlo Ahmad Mahfudzi , Mansur Zuhratul Aini , Wasath Ghilmanul , Muttaqien Muhammad Ersyad
Published: October 2023

This paper aims to elaborate on the significance of educational interaction in Islamic Education institutions known as Pesantren. As in the Islamic Education in Indonesia that applied integration between technological developments, educational interaction, and educational transformation. It's just that the values of the implementation process of this integration cause discontinuity between interaction and transformation of knowledge. The essence of the significance of the Islamic Education model in the Pesantren needs to be revitalized, it is very relevant to how the process and dynamics of Islamic Education in the modern era. The educational interaction model applied in Pesantren is a reference and guideline for all parties and educational institutions and is important to be constructed in order to obtain proportional and comprehensive Islamic Education. This research was initiated for contributive things and is a type of library research. The Study employed a qualitative study design to capture a real-life context of the Islamic education of Pesantren in playing its role. Finally, it will find various opinions and perspectives from authors who explain and review the existence of Islamic Education institutions that have implemented educational interactions. The finding revealed that the pattern of educational interaction carried out in pesantren focuses on two things: educational interaction in daily activities and educational interaction in the system. The model of implementing educational interaction is comprehensively understood by all parties in the pesantren so that the reality of Islamic education is formed for the shake of the sustainability of the education process.
Evaluación de resistencia a antibióticos en muestras de heces de terneros con diarrea en la región Cajamarca, Perú
Authors: Cabrera González Marco Antonio , Vásquez Pérez Héctor Vladimir , Quilcate-Pairazamán Carlos , Bazán-Arce José , Cueva-Rodríguez Medali
Published: October 2023

La diarrea está asociada con bacterias infecciosas que ocasionan mortalidad en terneros como Escherichia coli, representando un problema para los productores de leche y carne a nivel global, provocando grandes pérdidas económicas. En este estudio se evaluó la resistencia a cepas de E. coli aisladas de heces diarreicas de terneros recién nacidos de la región Cajamarca. Se recolectaron 52 muestras de heces de terneros de cinco provincias de la región Cajamarca para el aislamiento de E. coli en agar MacConkey con sorbitol. La identificación molecular de E. coli se realizó mediante la amplificación del gen uidA por PCR convencional y luego se evaluó la susceptibilidad/resistencia a antibióticos utilizando la metodología de Kirby-Bauer y el uso de discos de antibiótico con neomicina, tetraciclina, sulfametoxazol-trimetroprim y enrofloxacina. Los resultados fueron que el 96.15 % de cepas de E. coli fueron resistentes a tetraciclina, el 51.92 % a sulfametropim, el 26.92 %  a neomicina  y el  9.61 %  a enrofloxacina.  También  se demostró que el 30.76 % presentaban resistencia a dos fármacos, el 19.23 % a tres fármacos y el 5.76 % a cuatro fármacos; se encontró diferencia significativa de resistencia a tetraciclina (P<0.0001). Se concluye que los terneros neonatos de la región Cajamarca que presentaban diarrea son portadores de E. coli resistentes a antibióticos, representando un problema para los criadores de ganado vacuno, ya que estas cepas pueden causar la muerte de los animales y contribuyen a la diseminación de la resistencia de antibióticos.
Efecto ixodicida de los extractos vegetales de Cinnamomum zeylanicum y Tagetes erecta sobre garrapatas Rhipicephalus microplus
Authors: Miranda Reyes Perla Iris , Martínez Ibañez Francisco , Lagunes-Quintanilla Rodolfo Esteban , Barrera Molina América Ivette
Published: October 2023

Uno de los principales problemas de la ganadería bovina son las infestaciones ocasionadas por garrapatas, siendo Rhipicephalus microplus la especie más importante en la industria ganadera. Su control se basa principalmente en la aplicación de ixodicidas. Sin embargo, el uso excesivo e inadecuado de estos productos ha generado cepas resistentes. Como alternativa se ha propuesto al control biológico como un método promisorio, ya que evita la contaminación del medio ambiente, favorece la inocuidad de los productos derivados de los animales y contribuye a la sustentabilidad. Por esta razón, el objetivo del presente estudio fue realizar una evaluación in vitro del efecto ixodicida de dos extractos vegetales de Cinnamomum zeylanicum y Tagetes erecta sobre garrapatas R. microplus. El análisis se llevó a cabo mediante las técnicas de inmersión de larvas “LIT” e inmersión de hembras adultas “AIT” y posteriormente se determinó el daño morfológico en la estructura cuticular de las garrapatas mediante microscopía estereoscópica. El resultado más significativo fue de 100 % de mortalidad larval (P<0.05) para el extracto de C. zeylanicum a una concentración de 6 %, presentando daños morfológicos evidentes en la estructura cuticular. En contraste, el extracto de T. erecta no mostró actividad ixodicida. Finalmente, se concluye que el extracto vegetal de C. zeylanicum presenta eficacia en pruebas in vitro contra larvas de R. microplus y podría ser de utilidad como una alternativa de control económica y sustentable de garrapatas.
Tradução, adaptação semântica e validação de conteúdo do New Ecological Paradigm Scale for Children para o português brasileiro
Authors: Guerreiro Carolina Ferreira , Filgueiras Alberto
Published: October 2023

O presente trabalho teve por objetivo traduzir, adaptar semanticamente e investigar evidências de validade de conteúdo do New Ecological Paradigm Scale for Children (NEP C), instrumento de medida de atitudes ambientais em crianças, para o contexto brasileiro. Neste sentido, foram conduzidos dois estudos. O primeiro contou com um comitê multidisciplinar que avaliou os itens do novo instrumento considerando três critérios: clareza de linguagem, pertinência do constructo e correspondência semântica. Posteriormente, o Coeficiente de Validade de Conteúdo foi empregado. Após tais procedimentos, realizou-se um estudo piloto com 5 crianças pertencentes à população-alvo para se verificar a compreensão da escala pelas mesmas. Enquanto resultados, observou-se que a versão brasileira do NEP C possui equivalência semântica com a escala original e apresenta evidências de validade de conteúdo.
Rubricas de avaliação de parecer científico
Authors: Seide Márcia Sipavicius
Published: October 2023

Este artigo apresenta rubricas criadas com o objetivo de propiciar a avaliação de parecer de artigo científico, tendo em vista diferentes propósitos e perspectivas de autores, pareceristas e editores de revista. A elaboração das rubricas partiu do pressuposto do papel pedagógico do parecerista e de estudos anteriores sobre tipos de comentários em avaliação de textos escolares na Educação Básica e no Ensino Superior e tipos de pareceres publicados de artigos científicos. Versões preliminares das rubricas foram testadas informalmente em atividades extensionistas ofertadas em 2022 resultando na versão final de três rubricas: de parecer de aprovação condicional, de parecer de reprovação e de parecer de aprovação incondicional de artigo submetido. Espera-se que a sociabilização e o uso dessas rubricas contribuam para o aperfeiçoamento do processo de produção, avaliação e publicação de artigos científicos.
COVID-19 Pandemic in Indonesia: Some Reflections from Bażl Al-Māʿūn by Ibn Ḥajr al-ʿAsqalānī
Authors: Qudsy Saifuddin Zuhri , Pabbajah Mustaqim , Jubba Hasse , Zain Muhammad , Syafera Arkan
Published: October 2023

History and pandemics are two inseparable entities, yet often forgotten. The occurrence of a pandemic in a certain time and place has always become a critical object of study and documentation, thus generating innumerable research literature. This research attempts to re-state the urgency of historical literature as a source of knowledge on dealing with the Covid-19 crisis through the religious scholars’ approach. The data were compiled through observation and literature review with content analysis method on Bażl al-Māʿūn of Ibn Ḥajr al-ʿAsqalānī, a classic book containing pandemic studies sourced from hadith and the history of the early Muslim community. The result of this study reveals that classical religious literature as historical knowledge could provide contextual solutions for society. The study of the historical works not only gives clues on the past events but also provides material to contextualise the attempt to build newly-induced awareness in the community. Learning from past events teaches society that pandemics are recurring events. Some similarities and differences are seen in every part of the pandemic. Thus, religious scholars serve as agents who disseminate the lesson learned from the past to prevent the recurrence of similar events in the future. This way, people of today should refer to the past to set some appropriate strategies for coping with the pandemic. Likewise, a historical account mentions the relevance of some terminologies that are currently used around Covid-19.
The Fiqh al-Ṭawāri’ Thoughts of ‘Abd Allah Bin Bayyah on the Management of Worship during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Harun Muhammad Safwan , Mohd Zulkarnain Saiful Islam Nor , Ali Abdul Karim , Zainal Abidin Mohd Syukri
Published: October 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic that struck the world recently had left a huge impact on all sectors of life. The outbreak of the virus resulted in a no-physical contact form of human interaction as a measure of curbing its cycle of transmission. The impact was also felt in religious practice and worship due to the closure of mosques which resulted in the suspension of congregational prayers and other religious activities. This state of affairs led to discord in the religious spirit of the community since the new rulings conflicted with their religious interests. There were public disputes over the provisions of Islamic primary rulings, especially in matters of worship, albeit these were declared by the authorities such as the fatwa institution. Thus, the purpose of this study was to identify the principles of Islamic primary rulings during an epidemic using the fiqh al-ṭawāri’ discourse framework of Shaykh ‘Abd Allah bin Bayyah. Based on these principles, an assessment was conducted on the conflicting Islamic primary rulings in Malaysia during the epidemic. To achieve the objective, library data from the Fiqh al-ṭawāri’ Discourse held in 2020 was fully used. Data were analysed inductively, deductively and comparatively using the content analysis method. It was concluded that the fiqh al ṭawāri’ framework was not based on the circumstances of the epidemic, instead it was the outcome of an ijtihad which had a reliable source and methodology in Sharia.
‘My Sejahtera’ Application as COVID-19 Control Mechanism from Islamic Thought Perspective: Malaysia Experience
Authors: Khambali @ Hambali Khadijah Mohd , Abdul Khalil Shahidra , Daud Mohd Zaidi
Published: October 2023

The word ‘sejahtera’ or in English known as well-being or prosperity is widely used in Nusantara as a fundamental concept of human existence which is usually applied to various dimensions of life: physical, spiritual, intellectual, emotional, economic, political, governance, educational, social, cultural and religious. Furthermore, the Malay concept of ‘sejahtera’ has received wide attention from our community during this pandemic COVID-19 to ensure communities health. It is an important concept that deals with the issue of quality of life, society and civilisation as well. Given its importance, nurturing, and sustaining of a humane, peaceful, balanced and prosperous civilisation in this period of heightened global crises, in which most of mankind are currently starving for ‘sejahtera’ and struggling against an unprecedented COVID-19 pandemic, the Malay concept of ‘sejahtera’ will be reviewed from an Islamic thought perspective to build an alternative paradigm of holistic and sustainable development from the worldview of Tawḥīd. The study found that the Malaysian government’s MySejahtera programme, which uses a digital platform to serve as a one-stop shop, can help in a way to prevent the spread of COVID-19 in line with national law in achieving Maqāṣid al-Sharī‘ah.
Collective Social Awareness of COVID-19 and the Challenges in Facing It from Islamic Perspective
Authors: Euchi Ali Al-Ajmi
Published: October 2023

This study explores key questions related to the COVID-19 pandemic and the Islamic position on it. The significance of this research lies not only in the different answers it provides regarding this issue, but also in the questions it coins to win the bet of waking the collective social consciousness and convincing it of the necessity of Islam in such circumstances as a guide and guard of human stability. This research pursues an analytical methodology that is partly deconstructive and partly historical as it traces the positions Islam took in response to epidemics based on the collective consciousness of the society in its specific historical context. It is the goal of this study to develop an understanding of the way religion responds to pandemics and its ability to help overcome its negative impact through unique intellectual and creedal powers that lie in its foundational fundamentals. The main result of the research is that Islamic jurisprudence and its purposes are strongly present and are some of the most important factors of intellectual advancement in facing the most important developments in the reality of the human being.
Assessing Pain in Persons with Opioid Use Disorder: Approaches, Techniques, and Special Considerations
Authors: Nunes Julio , Costa Gabriel , Weleff Jeremy , Rogan Michael , Compton Peggy , Aquino Joao P. De
Published: October 2023

Pain and opioid use disorder (OUD) are inextricably linked, as the
former can be a risk factor for the development of the latter, and over
a third of persons with OUD suffer concomitant chronic pain. Assessing
pain among people with OUD is challenging, be-cause ongoing opioid use
brings changes in pain responses and most pain assess-ment tools have
not been validated for this population. In this narrative review, we
dis-cuss the fundamentals of pain assessment for populations with OUD.
First, we de-scribe biological, psychological, and social aspects of the
pain experience among people with OUD, as well as how opioid-related
phenomena and healthcare dispari-ties in this population may contribute
to the pain experience. Second, we review meth-ods to assess pain
including: (1) traditional self-reported methods, such visual analog
scales, and structured questionnaires; (2) behavioral observations and
physiological indicators; (3) and laboratory-based approaches, such as
functional brain imaging, electroencephalography, and quantitative
sensory testing. These methods are consid-ered from a perspective that
encompasses both pain and OUD. Finally, we discuss strategies for
improving pain assessment in persons with OUD and implications for
future research, including educational strategies for multidisciplinary
teams. Substan-tial gaps persist in our knowledge, particularly
regarding the applicability of current pain assessment methods to
persons with OUD, as well as the generalizability of the existing
results from adjacent populations. As research linking pain and OUD
evolves, considering the needs of diverse populations with complex
psychosocial back-grounds, we will be better equipped to reduce these
gaps.
Waterbird abundance in aquaculture ponds: the significance of day and night and pond type
Authors: Huang ShuYen , Lin Ruey-Shing , Chen Hui Ling , Tsai Jhih Wei
Published: October 2023

The loss of coastal wetlands represents a grave threat to waterbirds,
prompting the use of artificial wetlands, such as aquaculture ponds, as
a means of conservation. Aquaculture ponds are common in coastal areas
and provide production value and ecological function as waterbird
habitats. However, certain piscivorous birds may cause economic losses
to the aquaculture industry. Different types of ponds provide habitat
for various bird assemblages, and waterbirds exhibit nocturnal feeding
behavior and utilize habitats distinct from those used during the day.
Most waterbird surveys were conducted during the daytime, limiting our
understanding of their nocturnal habitat utilization. This study
conducted diurnal and nocturnal surveys on shorebirds, waterfowl, and
Black-crowned Night Heron (Nycticorax nycticorax) ten times in
three aquaculture ponds situated in the Cigu District of Tainan, namely
fish/shrimp, hard clam, and abandoned ponds between October 2021 and
November 2022. The results showed no significant difference in shorebird
density between day and night. However, shorebird density in fish/shrimp
ponds was significantly higher than in abandoned ponds. Conversely,
waterfowl density exhibits a significant increase in abandoned ponds
compared to the other two pond types, irrespective of diurnal or
nocturnal conditions. Furthermore, waterfowl density in abandoned ponds
was significantly higher during daylight compared to the nocturnal
period. In the daytime, the density of night herons was significantly
higher in abandoned ponds than in the other two ponds. Nevertheless,
during nighttime, fish/shrimp ponds exhibit the highest density of night
herons, significantly surpassing that found in hard clam ponds. Notably,
water coverage also influences the density of both shorebirds and
waterfowl. The foraging frequency of waterfowl and night herons was
greater during nocturnal hours, while shorebirds did not exhibit
significant variations between day and night. Consequently, this study
underscores the significance of considering both diurnal and nocturnal
habitats in formulating strategies for waterbird conservation.