bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The synthesis of copper/zinc solid solutions of hydroxyl carbonates, sulphates, nitrates, chlorides and bromides
Authors: Yoder C. H. , Schaeffer R. W. , McWilliams P. , Rowand A. , Liu X. , Shambeda J.
Published: October 2011

The relative stabilities of the copper/zinc solid solutions of hydroxyl sulphates, carbonates, nitrates, chlorides and bromides were studied by attempting their preparation using a variety of methods. All of the naturally occurring solid solutions except rosasite were obtained as single phases. Rosasite crystallized in a mixture with malachite and calcium carbonate during a room temperature preparation from calcium carbonate, copper nitrate and zinc nitrate. The solid solution with the antlerite stoichiometry [endmember Cu3SO4(OH)4] as well as the nitrates were not produced by the methods employed. All of the natural polymorphs of Cu2(OH)3Cl were obtained and a new method for the preparation of botallackite is reported. Botallackite was found to be stable in solution for over a year, contrary to previous reports. A bromine-bearing analogue of botallackite was prepared. Compounds were characterized by X-ray diffractometry, which was used to determine the unit-cell parameters, and by atomic absorption spectroscopy. The relative instability of solid solutions with certain stoichiometries is discussed in terms of the Jahn-Teller effect and relative solubilities.
Galuskinite, Ca7(SiO4)3(CO3), a new skarn mineral from the Birkhin gabbro massif, Eastern Siberia, Russia
Authors: Lazic B. , Armbruster T. , Savelyeva V. B. , Zadov A. E. , Pertsev N. N. , Dzierżanowski P.
Published: October 2011

In addition to spurrite, Ca5(SiO4)2(CO3), and tilleyite, Ca5(Si2O7)(CO3)2, galuskinite, C is the third mineral in the CaO—SiO2—CO2ternary system. Galuskinite, monoclinic, space groupP21/c (a =18.79,b =6.72,c= 10.47 Å, β = 90.79°,V =1322 Å3,Z =4), occurs in thin veins which cut calcio-olivine, γ-Ca2SiO4, skarn with larnite, β-Ca2SiO4, relics. Pavlovskyite, Ca8(SiO4)2(Si3O10), and dellaite, Ca6(Si2O7)(SiO4)(OH)2, form a margin between the veins and the calcio-olivine skarn. The sanidinite facies high-temperature skarn formed ∼500 Ma ago when gabbroid rocks of the Birkhin complex (Baikal area, Eastern Siberia, Russia) intruded and contact-metamorphosed limestone xenoliths. Galuskinite is a retrograde product of skarn alteration and has neither been described from cement clinker production processes nor from studies of the CaO—SiO2—CO2system. The crystal structure of galuskinite, refined from single crystal X-ray data toRi =3.1%, has a modular character. One may define a polysomatic series with spurrite and larnite as endmembers and galuskinite as a 1:1 polysome built from regular alternating spurrite and larnite modules. Differences between the X-ray powder patterns of galuskinite and spurrite are most obvious in the low 8 region. Galuskinite is named after the Russian mineralogists Irina O. Galuskina and Evgeny V. Galuskin, Faculty of Earth Sciences. University of Silesia, Poland, for their outstanding contributions to skarn mineralogy.
Transmission X-ray diffraction as a new tool for diamond fluid inclusion studies
Authors: Smith E. M. , Kopylova M. G. , Dubrovinsky L. , Navon O. , Ryder J. , Tomlinson E. L.
Published: October 2011

Transmission X-ray diffraction is demonstrated as a new tool for examining daughter minerals within sub-micrometre-size fluid inclusions in fibrous diamond. In transmission geometry, the X-ray beam passes through the sample, interacting with a volume of material. Fibrous diamonds from Mbuji-Mayi. Democratic Republic of Congo; the Wawa area, Ontario, Canada; and the Panda kimberlite, Ekati Mine, Northwest Territories and the Jericho kimberlite, Nunavut, Canada were analysed using X-rays from a high-brilliance lab source and a synchrotron source. Daughter minerals present include the mica-group mineral celadonite, sylvite, halite, dolomite and other carbonates. This represents the first positive identification of halide minerals in fibrous diamond. Mineral inclusions such as forsteritic olivine and pyrope garnet were also found. Unexpectedly, daughter minerals were identified in only ten of the 38 diamonds analysed, despite their concentrations being greater than experimentally proven detection limits. The presence of significant amounts of amorphous or dissolved material appears unlikely, but cannot be ruled out. Alternatively, the results may indicate a wide variety of related daughter minerals, such that most phases fall below the detection limits. Transmission X-ray diffraction should be applied cautiously to the study of fibrous diamond, as it provides an incomplete account of the fluid-inclusion mineralogy.
Bassoite, SrV3O7·4H2O, a new mineral from Molinello mine, Val Graveglia, eastern Liguria, Italy
Authors: Bindi L. , Carbone C. , Cabella R. , Lucchetti G.
Published: October 2011

Bassoite, ideally SrV3O7·4H2O, is a new mineral from the Molinello manganese mine, Val Graveglia. eastern Liguria, northern Apennines, Italy. It occurs as black euhedral to subhedral grains up to 400 urn across, closely associated with rhodonite, quartz and braunite. Bassoite is opaque with a sub-metallic lustre and a black streak. It is brittle and neither fracture nor cleavage was observed; the Vickers micro-hardness (VHN100) is 150 kg/mm (range 142—165; corresponding to a Mohs hardness of 4—41/2). The calculated density is 2.940 g/cm3 (on the basis of the empirical formula and X-ray single-crystal data). Bassoite is weakly bireflectant and very weakly pleochroic from grey to a dark green. Internal reflections are absent. The mineral is anisotropic, without characteristic rotation tints. Reflectance percentages (Rmin and Rmax) for the four standard COM wavelengths are 18.5%, 19.0% (471.1 nm); 17.2%, 17.8% (548.3 nm); 16.8%, 17.5% (586.6 nm) and 16.2%, 16.8% (652.3 nm), respectively.

Bassoite is monoclinic, space group P21/m, with unit-cell parameters: a = 5.313(3) Å, b = 10.495(3) Å, c = 8.568(4) Å, β = 91.14(5)°, V= 477.7(4) Å3, a:b:c = 0.506:1:0.816, and Z = 2. The crystal structure was refined to R1 = 0.0209 for 1148 reflections with Fo > 4σ(Fo) and it consists of layers of VO5 pyramids (with vanadium in the tetravalent state) pointing up and down alternately with Sr between the layers (in nine-fold coordination). The nine most intense X-ray powder-diffraction lines [d in Å (I/I0) (hkt)] are: 8.5663 (100) (001); 6.6363 (14) (011); 3.4399 (14) (1̄21); 3.4049 (17) (121); 2.8339 (15) (1̄22); 2.7949 (11) (122); 2.6550 (15) (200); 2.6237 (11) (040) and 1.8666 (15) (240). Electron microprobe analyses produce a chemical formula (Sr0.97Ca0.02Na0.01)V3.00O74H20, on the basis of 2(Sr+Ca+Na) = 1, taking the results of the structure refinement into account. The presence of water molecules was confirmed by micro-Raman spectroscopy. The name honours Riccardo Basso (b. 1947), full professor of Mineralogy and Crystallography at the University of Genova. The new mineral and mineral name have been approved by the Commission on New Minerals, Nomenclature and Classification, IMA (2011-028).
Petrogenetic significance of LA-ICP-MS trace-element data on quartz from the Borborema Pegmatite Province, northeast Brazil
Authors: Beurlen H. , Müller A. , Silva D. , Da Silva M. R. R.
Published: October 2011

Quartz from different zones within five granitic pegmatites of the rare-element class from the Borborema Pegmatite Province in northeast Brazil were analysed for fourteen trace elements using laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS). The concentrations of Li (6—150 ppm), B (1—9 ppm) and Ge (1—23 ppm) in quartz show a positive correlation with Al (30—770 ppm). The concentrations of these elements increase from the border zone to the quartz core of pegmatites of the spodumene or lepidolite subtypes. The Ge concentrations in the quartz core are the highest so far reported in igneous quartz. In the less evolved pegmatites of the beryl-columbite subtype, the Al, Li, B, and Ge concentrations in quartz from all zones remain at the same level as the border and wall zones. The Ti concentrations in quartz from the core of the more evolved pegmatites are below 3 ppm (with Al >250 ppm), contrasting with 7—25 ppm (with Al <280 ppm) in samples from the border and wall zones of the less evolved and more evolved pegmatites. The concentrations of Al. Li, B, Ge, and Ti in quartz are therefore confirmed as good indicators of the degree of magma fractionation and analyses of pegmatite quartz cores can be used for exploration purposes to distinguish pegmatites with high metallogenic potential. Atoms of Li and Al are incorporated into quartz such that Li/Al ranges between 0.75 and 1.0. This suggests a coupled substitution of the form Si4+ ↔ (Li+ + Al3+). The other elements analysed either showed an erratic distribution (e.g. Be and P) or were below the respective limits of detection (Na, K, Rb, Ca, Sr, Mn, Fe) in most samples.
An ortho-Quinodimethane Route to Lasofoxifene and U23469
Authors: Yoshida Hiroto , Yoshida Ryuma , Mukae Masashi , Ohshita Joji , Takaki Ken
Published: October 2011

Lasofoxifene, a third-generation selective estrogen receptor modulator, could be synthesized via regio- and stereoselective [4 + 2] cycloaddition between an ortho-quinodimethane and a borylalkene. This protocol was also applicable to the synthesis of antiestrogen U23469.
Self-assembly of Compact Molecules Possessing Two Carboxy and One Amide Groups into Tubular Nanostructures in Liquid Crystal Phases
Authors: Kishikawa Keiki , Isaka Miyuki , Takahashi Masahiro , Saito Kazuya , Kohmoto Shigeo
Published: October 2011

Compact molecules 1–3 possessing two carboxy and one amide groups were synthesized, and their self-organization into tubular nanostructures in liquid crystal phases was studied. The tubular structures were confirmed by polarized optical microscopy (POM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and one- and two-dimensional X-ray diffractions (1D- and 2D-XRDs).
The range of the Oxford Shoulder Score in the asymptomatic population: a marker for post-operative improvement
Authors: Younis F , Sultan J , Dix S , Hughes PJ
Published: October 2011

INTRODUCTION

The Oxford Shoulder Score (OSS) is a validated scoring system used to assess the degree of pain and disability caused by shoulder pathology. To date there is no knowledge of the range of the OSS in the healthy adult population. This study aimed to establish the range in asymptomatic individuals.

METHODS

The OSS of 100 asymptomatic volunteers was compared with the pre-operative OSS of 100 symptomatic individuals who had had elective shoulder surgery performed at the Royal Preston Hospital.

RESULTS

The difference in mean scores in the operated group (36.7) and the asymptomatic group (15.3) was statistically significant (p<0.0001). There was, however, a substantial overlap between the scores of the two groups (operated group range: 19–55, asymptomatic group range: 12–47). Factors such as age, sex, body mass index, co-morbidities and smoking did not have a statistically significant impact on the eventual score in the asymptomatic group.

CONCLUSIONS

This study has established the range of OSS in the asymptomatic adult population. Symptom scores can only be used effectively when the range in the asymptomatic population is known. This is so that disease severity can be gauged in the context of the normal population and post-operative improvements can be forecast more accurately.
Politics, quality and cost effectiveness
Authors: Williams Norman
Published: October 2011

This newsletter has been written in the midst of the party political conferences. I was somewhat sceptical when informed I was expected to go to these, regarding them as perhaps a jamboree for policy wonks and the like. This scepticism was reinforced by several respected senior colleagues who counselled that the College was about improving standards and should not become embroiled in the 'dark arts'. I reflected on this advice but concluded that in order to do the former, national political engagement was essential. Hence I have embraced my attendance with enthusiasm although perhaps not with all-out fervour.
Results of an Effective Hub and Spoke Model for Treatment of Clubfoot
Authors: Jagodzinski NA , Fisher NE , Bryan LC , Prem H
Published: October 2011

The aim of this study was to assess a 'hub and spoke' model for a treatment of clubfoot that involves the casting of feet by trained physiotherapists based at local hospitals close to the patients' homes. It has been demonstrated that non-medical personnel can be trained effectively in the Ponseti technique in developing nations where resources and orthopaedic surgeons are scarce. 1–5 In the UK the British Orthopaedic Association published the 'blue book' on children's orthopaedics in 2006, which advises a hub and spoke model to address the issue of a shortage of paediatric orthopaedic surgeons in peripheral district general hospitals (DGHs). 6 The extent of subspecialisation among orthopaedic surgeons and the lack of paediatric anaesthetists have reduced peripheral paediatric orthopaedic surgical treatment. We believe there is no study in the literature to date assessing the advantages of such a service using existing physiotherapy facilities at multiple centres.
Maximising Trauma Operatingand Training at Weekends
Authors: Johnson N , Acharya M , Williams S
Published: October 2011

The Leicester Royal Infirmary is one of the busiest trauma units in the UK. A single accident and emergency department serves a catchment population of 1.1 million and receives 110,000 visits per year, with around 3,000 admissions to acute trauma beds per year. On average, two patients with a fractured neck of femur are admitted every day. Weekend operating lists run every Saturday and Sunday from 8am until 8pm.
Workplace-Based Assessment Insurgical Training: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Satpathy A , Kneebone R
Published: October 2011

In medical education, the increasing interest in direct performance assessment has encouraged the development of a wide range of reliable and reproducible assessment methods. The assessment of surgical competency in the light of reduced training time is becoming even more important. It therefore needs to be a professional priority as well as being based on patient safety and political necessities. A shift in assessment culture has emphasised the importance of formative and summative assessments and assessment should consequently play a central role in learning in all contexts. A valid, sensitive and reliable system is essential to measure surgical skills. This could be introduced easily and could evaluate the trainee throughout his or her training period.
Classification and management of cervical paragangliomas
Authors: Obholzer RJ , Hornigold R , Connor S , Gleeson MJ
Published: October 2011

INTRODUCTION

Cervical paragangliomas are slow-growing tumours that eventually cause lower cranial nerve palsies and infiltrate the skull base. Surgical treatment may cause the same deficits and, in some, risks more serious neurological deficits. We describe a classification used to guide investigation, consent and management of cervical paragangliomas based on extensive experience.

METHODS

The case notes of patients managed by the senior author at a tertiary referral skull base unit between 1987 and 2010 were reviewed retrospectively. A total of 87 cervical paragangliomas were identified in 70 patients (mean age: 46 years, range: 13–77 years). Of these, 35 patients had 36 vagal paragangliomas, 43 patients had 50 carotid body paragangliomas and 8 had both. One cervical paraganglioma arose from neither the carotid body nor the nodose ganglion. The main outcome measures were death, stroke, gastrostomy and tracheotomy.

RESULTS

All tumours were classified pre-operatively based on their relationship to the carotid artery, skull base and lower cranial nerves. Type 1 tumours were excised with a transcervical approach, type 2 with a transcervical-parotid approach and type 3 with a combined transcervical-parotid and infratemporal fossa approach. Type 4 patients underwent careful assessment and genetic counselling before any treatment was undertaken. There were no peri-operative deaths; two patients had strokes, one required a long-term feeding gastrostomy and none required a tracheotomy.

CONCLUSIONS

The use of a pre-operative classification system guides management and surgical approach, improves accuracy of consent, facilitates audit and clarifies which patients should be referred to specialised centres.
The effect of sterile versus non-sterile tourniquets on microbiological colonisation in lower limb surgery
Authors: Thompson SM , Middleton M , Farook M , Cameron-Smith A , Bone S , Hassan A
Published: October 2011

INTRODUCTION

Surgical tourniquets are commonplace in lower limb surgery. Several studies have shown that tourniquets can be a potential source of microbial contamination but have not compared the use of sterile versus non-sterile tourniquets in the same procedures.

METHODS

Patients undergoing elective orthopaedic lower limb surgery were randomised prospectively to use of non-sterile pneumatic tourniquet or sterile elastic exsanguination tourniquet (S-MART™, OHK Medical Devices, Haifa, Israel). Samples were taken from the ties of the non-sterile tourniquet prior to surgery and from the sterile tourniquets at the end of the operation in a sterile fashion. These were then sealed in universal containers and immediately analysed by the microbiology department on agar plates, cultured and incubated.

RESULTS

Thirty-four non-sterile tourniquets were sampled prior to surgical application, twenty-three of which were contaminated with sev-eral different organisms including coagulase-negative Staphylococcus spp, Staphylococcus aureus, Sphingomonas pau-cimobilis, Bacillus spp, and coliforms. Thirty-six sterile tourniquets were used, with no associated contamination.

CONCLUSIONS

There was significant contamination of 68% of orthopaedic surgical tourniquets. These are used regularly in proce-dures involving the placement of prosthesis and metalwork, and can act as a potential source of infection. We recommend the use of sterile single-use disposable tourniquets where possible. The availability of an alternative should now set the new standard of care and we rec-ommend adopting this as a current NICE guideline for control of surgical site infection.
A design education perspective on the process of interpreting words into pictures
Authors: McAuley Mike
Published: October 2011

This article discusses two learning strategies that were incrementally developed during three cycles of an action research project to facilitate student learning of the process of interpreting written text into an illustration. The two strategies relate to the cognitive processes of
analysis and synthesis – from comprehension of textual meaning to visual concept generation. The first learning strategy, which relates to analysis, involved assisting students to develop macropropositions – personal understandings of the gist or essence of a text (Louwerse
and Graesser 2006; Armbruster et al. 1987; Van Dijk and Kintsch 1983). The second learning strategy, which was concerned with idea generation, used a form of induction categorized as analogical reasoning (Holyoak 2005; Sloman and Lagnado 2005). Both strategies were combined to illustrate
an expository text extract titled 'Through The Magic Door'. The data suggest that design students benefit from a structured approach to learning, where thinking processes and approaches can be identified and made accessible for other learning situations. The action research methodology is
based on semi-structured interviews, questionnaires, developmental design (including student notes) and final design output.
Learning support: Student perceptions and preferences
Authors: Peck Julia , Chilvers Lloyd , Lincoln Yvonne
Published: October 2011

This research draws on a small focus group discussion using third-year undergraduates from the Film and Media Subject Area at Roehampton University. Students shared perceptions of learning support and were encouraged to identify and rank their preferences for learning support. A number
of important themes emerged, including students' lack of awareness of some existing avenues of support, a request for parity of access to Academic Learning Support Assistants and the need for academic tutors to be supportive. Support from academic tutors that manages the process from dependence
to independent learning, whilst providing advice that moves from the general to the specific, was requested.
Museum audios for design students: Auditory wallpaper or effective learning support?
Authors: Reynolds Rebecca
Published: October 2011

This research explores a model for the design of learning resources on MP3 players for Higher Education (HE) design students in museums. Four downloadable audio files were developed, containing commentaries on permanent galleries at the Victoria and Albert Museum (V&A) by curators,
design tutors, art and design practitioners, design students, and others. The audios were trialled with 21 students, who reported a wide range of ways in which the audios had affected their visit to the museum, mainly positive. This indicates that the use of multiple perspectives in the interpretation
of museum objects and architecture, accessed on MP3 players, can form pedagogically effective learning materials for design students, which are technologically functional and easy to use. This model is adaptable to other contexts in art and design education.
'Widening Participation' in the Fine Art Ph.D.: Expanding research and practice
Authors: Francis Mary Anne
Published: October 2011

This article reflects upon a qualitative research project that sought to understand the factors that encourage and deter working-class students in progressing to the Fine Art Ph.D. With the project framed by the 'Widening Participation' (WP) agenda, the article addresses problems surrounding
class-specific definitions of the term, before reporting on the paucity of WP-related research at doctoral level and at the level of the Fine Art Ph.D. specifically. It notes the impact this had on the project's method, as a grounded theory element to generate essential data was required.
The form that the grounded theory takes – focus group research involving 28 participants – is rationalized, and the data that is generated is analyzed and referred to the undergraduate-centred literature on WP. The article concludes that access to the Fine Art Ph.D. may foremost
be restricted by failures to publicize the opportunity. It also suggests that, for several reasons, WP may require definitions tailored to different levels of Higher Education.
Action learning: Application to case study development in graduate design education
Authors: Chattaraman Veena , Sankar Chetan S. , Vallone Amanda
Published: October 2011

Action learning based on action research is an approach that is most appropriate for higher levels of personal and professional development of students, where emergent learning takes place in the context of an external environment. The approach offers a valuable framework that can be
applied to international research experiences and case study development, particularly in the context of graduate design education. Grounded in action learning theory, this article describes a case study development process that suggests a model for engagement of graduate design students in
international rural development. The article also discusses the use of information and communication technologies (ICT) in the creation of multimedia case studies that bring rich infield international experiences dealing with craft producers in rural India back to the classroom, where it has
the potential to vicariously inform undergraduate and graduate design education. Action learning experientially prepared the graduate design student for creative and management career by serving as a tool for emancipatory personal and professional development and instilling self-confidence
in the learner.
‘Yellow skin, black hair … Careful, Tintin’: Hergé and Orientalism
Authors: Mountfort Paul
Published: October 2011

This article frames Hergé’s The Adventures of Tintin in terms of its treatment of ethnic, cultural and geographic Others. The series has been accused of bundling right wing, reactionary and racist viewpoints into its codes of visual representation and storylines. I argue
that the pervasiveness of the series, its institutionalization in francophone culture, and its currency as a global franchise makes the question one of particular relevance at a time when big-budget productions by Steven Spielberg and Peter Jackson look set to further cement Tintin’s
place in popular culture. With other critics I see Tintin’s Chinese adventure, The Blue Lotus (1934−1935), as central to addressing these concerns, as even though this fourth album in the series continues to perpetuate certain Orientalist assumptions it represents Hergé’s
first serious attempt to depict the Other in less than pejorative terms. What this article does is seek to place The Blue Lotus within the Adventures and their cultural-historical contexts, as well as the corresponding evolution of Herge’s ideology, thus broadening the Orientalism of
the title to encompass not only Asia and the Mideast but the subaltern and Europe’s own ‘internal Others’.
Crossing Over: academic and popular history
Authors: Curthoys Ann
Published: October 2011

This article considers the divide between popular and academic history, especially as perceived by popular and academic historians. It argues that the two forms of history, though clearly connected to one another, have different priorities and audiences. In particular, where academic
historians prize originality of research, popular historians will tend to prize powerful storytelling. The article suggests that popular historians could acknowledge more handsomely that many do owe their debt to the research findings of academic historians, while in their turn academic historians
have much to learn from popular historians about how to communicate the pleasures and importance of understanding the past.
Book Reviews
Authors: Lunning Frenchy , Evans Tanya , Austin Michael , Durbin Sean , Johnson-Woods Toni
Published: October 2011

MANGA: AN ANTHOLOGY OF GLOBAL AND CULTURAL PERSPECTIVES, TONI JOHNSON-WOODS (ED.) (2010) New York: Continuum International Publishing Group, 350 pp., ISBN: 978-0-8264-2938-4, Paperback, US $27.95 THE GOOD MOTHER: CONTEMPORARY MOTHERHOODS IN AUSTRALIA, SUSAN GOODWIN AND KATE HUPPATZ
(EDS.) (2010) Sydney: Sydney University Press, pp. 246, ISBN: 9781920899530, Paperback, AUD $35.00 VAMPIRES: A BITE-SIZED HISTORY, JUDYTH A. McLEOD (2010) Sydney: Murdoch Books, 239 pp., ISBN: 9781741967739, Paperback, AUD $24.95 POLITICS AND RELIGION IN THE NEW CENTURY: PHILOSOPHICAL
REFLECTIONS, PHILIP ANDREW QUADRIO AND CAROL BESSELING (EDS.) (2009) Sydney: Sydney University Press, 416 pp., ISBN: 9781920899318, Paperback, AUD $40.00 REG GRUNDY, REG GRUNDY (2010) Sydney: Murdoch Books. 367 pp., ISBN: 978-1742660349, Hardback, AUD $45.00
Anthropophagy and anthropomorphism: constructing ‘Post-Colonial Cannibal’
Authors: First Let Me Feel Your Finger
Published: October 2011

In the 1930s and 1940s, a popular genre of animated film emerged in the United States – the ‘cannibal cartoon’ – in which the anthropomorphized ‘white hero’, marooned on an island, was captured by a tribe of savage cannibals and thrown into the cooking
pot. London-based comic art project Let Me Feel Your Finger First are designing a new animated character – ‘Post-Colonial Cannibal’ that makes reference to – and challenges – the depiction of ‘the savage’ in these early animated films. This article
presents and discusses some of LMFYFF’s initial design ideas and examines two examples of the cannibal cartoon, Ub Iwerks’s Africa Squeaks (1931) and Walt Disney’s Trader Mickey (1932). Focusing on the animators’ visualizations of the cannibal king, the cannibal tribe
and the anthropomorphized ‘white hero’, the article identifies particular components of the animators’ designs and considers the coded meanings contained therein. LMFYFF reflect on the influence of blackface minstrelsy and consider the cannibal’s place in animation’s
ignoble history of racial stereotyping. And LMFYFF pose Post-Colonial Cannibal’s implicit question: how can a medium that has historically depended upon caricature – with its accompanying modes of simplification, exaggeration and distortion – represent otherness?
Out of the trees and into The Forest – a consideration of live action and animation
Authors: Dumala Piotr
Published: October 2011

This is a highly personal consideration of my role and identity as a film-maker delivered at the Holland Animation Film Festival in Utrecht 2010, focusing on some of the formative influences I drew from ‘live action’ film, and took in my long-established practice as an animator
and animation film-maker. Both the philosophic and technical understanding of the work of, among others, Ingmar Bergman enabled me to both think about and engage with animation in a hopefully distinctive way, an approach that I wanted then to readapt back into my own live-action feature, The
Forest, and a reworking of one of my earlier animated films, Crime and Punishment. This highlighted the particular place of the animator in the process and the degrees of control and choice in creating specific kinds of imagery, and the ways that it was possible to transfer life, motion and
thought between forms.
Emptying frames
Authors: Henderson Neil
Published: October 2011

This short essay brings together some thoughts about two films, both of which take as their starting point the photographic still image and use film to expand and question the immobility of that image, teasing out small shifts and changes in its appearance. Candle and Tidal combine
16mm film and Polaroid photography to create a metaphor for movement and loss, evoking the alchemy of the photographic as it becomes a memory in a digital age. Through a commentary and reflection the formal characteristics of the work are described, and I explore how the filmed Polaroid is
animated by the chemical transformation inherent in the Polaroid process. One of the key points is how the films concern themselves with articulating the filmic interval, as a chemical manifestation/metaphor.
‘One Day Sculpture', June 2008-June 2009
Authors: Coates Rebecca , Child Danielle , Connolly Maeve , Daley-Yates Katherine , Folkerts Hendrik , Jackson Georgina , Hutchinson Mark
Published: October 2011

BOOK DESIGN. A PRACTICE FOR EVERYDAY LIFE, DAVID CROSS AND CLAIRE DOHERTY (EDS), (2009)Bielefeld: Kerber Verlag, (276 pp.), coloured illustrations, ISBN 9783866783331, Paperback, £20 A COMPANION TO MARX’S CAPITAL DAVID HARVEY, (2010) London: Verso, (368 pp.), ISBN 9781844673599,
Paperback, £10.99 ‘RE: PUBLIC’, TEMPLE BAR GALLERY AND STUDIOS, DUBLIN, 19 JANUARY – 13 MARCH 2010 THE FALMOUTH CONVENTION, 20–23 MAY 2010 ‘WAR ZONE AMSTERDAM’, AMSTERDAM, 8 SEPTEMBER – 17 OCTOBER 2011OPEN #18, 2030: WAR ZONE AMSTERDAM, JORINDE
SEIJDEL AND LIESBETH MELIS (EDS), (2009)Rotterdam: NAi Publishers/SKOR, 160 pp., English edition: ISBN 978-90-5662-710-2, Paperback, Є19.50, Dutch edition, ISBN 978-90-5662-709-6, Paperback, Є23.50 GRACELANDS, DROMAHAIR, CO. LEITRIM, IRELAND SHOW AND TELL: A CHRONICLE OF GROUP
MATERIAL London: Four Corners Books, 272 pp., ISBN 978–0–9561928–1–3, Paperback, £22.50
Innovation and identity in Barcelona’s tourist image as represented by souvenirs
Authors: Marine-Roig Estela
Published: October 2011

Barcelona is an excellent example of a city that has been re-imaged greatly in recent years. The aim of this research was to study tourist image change and innovation in Barcelona in terms of its represented cultural identity. For this purpose, the content of souvenirs located in souvenir
shops of the Gothic Quarter of Barcelona was analysed. Findings suggest that image innovation in terms of cultural identity is not complete and that there are different coexisting and conflicting cultural tourist images in Barcelona. Catalan, Spanish and global cultural identities are present,
with intangible Catalan culture particularly under-represented by souvenir themes. The article identifies possible weak aspects in Barcelona’s image innovation process and implementation, and includes suggestions for improvement.
Communicating locality: Culture, canon and place promotion in a post-socialist context
Authors: Pusztai Bertalan
Published: October 2011

The Fish Soup Cooking Folk Festival was originally organized to celebrate the 300th anniversary of the community of Baja, in southern Hungary, becoming a town. In the past few years the festival has been developed to become one of the largest gastronomic festivals in the country. As
such, it not only provides a basis for local identity but also serves as a tourist attraction. In this article, the author aims to uncover the mechanisms of the construction of local identity, attraction and place promotion, and assess their links with local history and culture. The role of
the local elite in these canonizing processes is also outlined. The study concludes by demonstrating the process of the brand development of the festival and through it, the development of the locality as a brand.
Mobility and transidiomatic practices in a tourist resort on the Costa Brava, Spain
Authors: Cabeza Katia Yago
Published: October 2011

As globalization advances, the arrival of people from around the globe to the coastal towns of Spain for leisure purposes or in search of better work opportunities has created important niches of persons who engage in multilingual and transnational practices and who compete over the
control of material and symbolic resources. Such mobile citizens have brought about deep transformations in the linguistic, social and economic configuration of Empuriabrava, a tourist resort located on the Costa Brava, Spain. A networked ethnography undertaken in 2008 over two years has yielded
extensive participant-observation data, interview data for key community members and abundant documentation on Empuriabrava, all of which will be used to address how boundaries are constructed by a long-established group of northern Europeans and more recently by people from developing regions
of the world, and how these communities struggle over the (re)definition of linguistic, economic and political spaces and practices within the Catalan context as a broader phenomenon.
Migratory words, migratory worlds: From Liverpool (United Kingdom) to Liverpool (New South Wales), and back again
Authors: Day Elizabeth
Published: October 2011

This visual essay reflects on being caught up in the idea and process of migration, mutation and transplantation. Inspired by the postminimalist works of Robert Smithson, especially his transplanting of art outside the gallery, my art practice is intimately related to the earth, to
deterritorialization and reterritorialization in the creation of earthworks. Through two sets of photographs I explore my own and my fellow Tasmanians’ special connection to the earth, first, in depictions of my own earthworks, and second, in a series made with women in a women’s
prison around the theme of the ‘community garden’.
REVIEWS
Authors: Kendall David , McDonagh Luke
Published: October 2011

GLOBAL CHILDREN, GLOBAL MEDIA: MIGRATION, MEDIA AND CHILDHOOD, LIESBETH DE BLOCK AND DAVID BUCKINGHAM (2010) Basingstoke and New York: Palgrave Macmillan ISBN: 978023027344, Paperback, £20.99 CULTURAL TRANSFORMATIONS: PERSPECTIVES ON TRANSLOCATION IN A GLOBAL AGE, CHRIS PRENTICE,
VIJAY DEVADAS AND HENRY JOHNSON (EDS) (2010) contributors: Andrew Barrett, Dan Bendrups, Diana Brydon, Vijay Devadas, Jacob Edmund, Alyth Grant, Philip Hayward, Henry Johnson, Mary McLaughlin, Brett Nicholls, Chris Prentice, Kate Roy, Simon Ryan, Paola Voci, New York and Amsterdam: Rodopi
B. V., ISBN 978-90-420-3003-9, Hb, 76/$106
‘Voice’, listening and social justice: A multimediated engagement with new immigrant communities and publics in Ireland
Authors: Grossman Alan , O’Brien Àine
Published: October 2011

This article foregrounds the methodological and curatorial concerns of a cross-sectoral public media programme titled the ‘Forum on Migration and Communication’ (FOMACS), which produces film, photographic, digital storytelling, print media and radio stories on the topic
of migration into Ireland. Framing two key FOMACS projects using animation and digital storytelling with young children and asylum seekers, this article centrally engages with an ongoing problematic situated across the nexus between participatory edia, the ‘politics of voice’,
and the politics or ethics of listening. FOMACS’ deployment of participatory research methods – aimed at prising open a space for collaborative media production, facilitating the articulation of diverse immigrant and non-immigrant ‘voices’ – instantiates the problematic
notion of ‘giving voice’, a practice associated with media advocacy and community development projects. This article addresses the question of how to negotiate a working dialectic between a ‘politics of voice’ and ‘political listening’, specifically within
the field of participatory media production and in the context of challenges posed by the FOMACS mission, which aims to engage diverse audiences by creating a continuum between production, dissemination and reception, together with impact on public policy through the advocacy work of its migration
NGO partners.
Beyond cultural reterritorialization: Rapping for Islam in London’s East End
Authors: Midolo Elena Dominique
Published: October 2011

This article explores the role of contemporary music in the lives of young Muslims in Great Britain. For this group, music has emerged as a powerful tool in the negotiation of personal and group identity, and is also a marker of the way in which Muslims have arguably come to be positioned
differently to other diasporic groups, notably Afro-Caribbean, in recent times (Modood 2006). In contrast to recent (macro) sociological analysis that has compared Islamic life and culture in different European countries, and also that which has focused on specific, local communities (the
‘micro’ approach), the research reported upon here has operated at a ‘meso’ level: mapping the interactions between local Muslim social/cultural spaces (specifically, Tower Hamlets and Camden in East London) with the supranational expression of Muslim identity as represented
by the ummah. More specifically, this article focuses on Islamic hip hop culture as a medium for articulating complex cultural representations at the individual and collective level.
Craft in economic context: The representation of Finnish craft in the economic press
Authors: Ryynänen Toni
Published: October 2011

The discipline of design is constantly reshaping itself. In the case of craft, it is increasingly discussed in the realm of the economic world, although craft is normally associated with culturally orientated themes and the preservation of established craftsmanship. This article shows
how the Finnish economic press represents craft as a part of the field of design. The main questions are how the economic press describes craft and how representatives of craft contribute to the press discussion. Altogether, 102 articles concerning craft and craft practice were included in
the research materials for analysis. The classification of themes has been used as a method of data analysis. This study applies a hermeneutic approach through which the representation of craft is described and classified. Craft and design are linked to the larger social and economic context
in the pages of the economic press. Based on the interpretation of the author, it is suggested that there are three major themes that emerge from the media publicity of craft in the economic press. These are (1) local cultures, history and traditions, (2) communal and societal themes
and (3) the presentation of craftsmen's personality and practice. These are significant because the economic press tend to construct the meaning of craft in society on these socially acceptable and culturally shared meanings.
Raising the Bar – a study of growth trends among Cockpit Arts studio holders and the impact of incubation on their development
Authors: O'Hara Ellen
Published: October 2011

This article references ongoing research undertaken by Cockpit Arts, with a focus on the findings from Raising the Bar – a study of growth trends among Cockpit Arts studio holders and the impact of incubation on their development (Cockpit Arts 2009). The research project
reflects Cockpit Arts' interest in raising aspirations for improved profitability and success in the craft sector and in highlighting the role that incubation can play. The article first outlines the aims and context of the project, the research methodology employed and some of its limitations.
This is followed by a summary of the key findings, headlined by the fact that craft businesses at Cockpit Arts are experiencing significant business growth, despite a tough economic climate. The evidence highlights a number of key drivers contributing to this growth including craft discipline,
age of business, product innovation, market diversification beyond the UK contemporary craft market, successfully outsourcing manufacture and exploitation of intellectual property through licensing. The article continues by exploring some of the barriers and challenges facing makers today
in terms of business growth and sustainability. Incubation is shown to contribute to business growth through the mechanisms of strategic planning supported by one to one coaching and access to finance in particular. The research shows, however, that no set business model or combination of
incubator services can guarantee business development or growth. One size does not fit all. To conclude, I argue that while measuring the impact of incubation is challenging, it can play a significant role in craft sector development. In particular, I make the case for an approach that focuses
on the development of the owner-manager in order that they can exploit their creativity in the most effective, sustainable and profitable way.
Crafting narratives: Using historical context as a reflective tool
Authors: Mäkelä Maarit , Latva-Somppi Riikka
Published: October 2011

This article aims to discuss the use of crafting as a reflective tool in creative practice in relation to a particular historical context. The task will be approached by introducing the project 'Power of Everyday Life', which includes an exhibition at the Gallen-Kallela Museum, Finland,
as well as the craft-related processes of participating artists. In this article, we discuss the processes related to the making of the works by four of the exhibition artists. In this study, the provided historical context functions as a shared platform that offers a variety of approaches
to the given task, dependent on the experiences and life situation of each artist. Working in the context of practice-led research, we utilize our position as reflective practitioners, i.e. practising artists who document, reflect and contextualize our own craft-related processes in the field
of art and design.
Meeting the maker: Warm irregularity in traditional African craft practice
Authors: Scott Kirsten
Published: October 2011

In contemporary, pre-industrial, developing societies, either consciously or unconsciously, craft is a valued part of everyday life: objects made by hand may be looked after and repaired when broken, rather than being discarded. Careful adjustments to the design and making processes
are often made in order to adapt artefacts to suit new functions. If developed, industrial and post-industrial cultures are to meet the challenges presented by the need for sustainable production methods, as well as sustainable consumption, the way that objects are made and the meaning they
hold for us as producers and consumers must change. Traditionally, craft places an emphasis on the relationship between maker, materials, techniques, skill, environment and end user, and, as a means of production, can contribute to the movement against consumerism by foregrounding the qualities
of artefacts that connote and embody the concern for sustainability.
Feeling good
Authors: Pulley Robert
Published: October 2011

Social and economic development is more likely to succeed if specific cultural conditions are carefully nurtured through higher education and enterprise. When we reflect on the unifying potential of craft it may help us to improve prosperity. From this perspective, craft connects artists,
writers, designers, musicians, conservators, farmers, gardeners, engineers, masons, scientists, chefs, surgeons and manufacturers. It may also provide a blueprint for a national innovation system, for a life that involves a drive to create something and a desire to consistently evaluate how
craft, science and technology may be used to the benefit of society, education and the economy.
Alternative policy measures for improving citizenship education in Hong Kong
Authors: Fairbrother Gregory P.
Published: October 2011

Despite adjustments to Hong Kong's citizenship education since the 1990s transition period to Chinese sovereignty, survey research and public opinion suggest that citizenship education, as currently practised in Hong Kong, shows considerable continuity with the pre-1997 period and is
not achieving intended results in areas such as the development of national identity and active citizenship among students. This article aims to contribute to explanations for such ineffectiveness and to determine whether there are more effective government policy measures which could improve
the provision of citizenship education. Specifically, the article explores the question of whether the Hong Kong government should mandate a compulsory, independent subject of citizenship education at the secondary school level. Based on interviews with sixteen education leaders from government
bodies, education concern and advocacy groups, teachers' unions, citizenship education-related teachers' associations, student associations, political parties, and academia, it addresses more specific questions about the intended outcomes of citizenship education, the role of government in
attempting to achieve those outcomes, the strengths and weaknesses of current citizenship education practice, suggested methods for improving upon ineffective practices, and the possibility of (and obstacles to) mandating an independent citizenship education subject. The article concludes
that while making citizenship education compulsory would address many concerns about its current ineffectiveness, the independent subject approach would not necessarily help to achieve improved outcomes and would raise other substantial concerns from the education community and society at
large.
Secondary students' perceptions about Citizenship Education: An exploratory study in Madrid, Spain
Authors: Sada Alejandra Navarro , Jacott Liliana , Maiztegui Concepción
Published: October 2011

This article reports the perception of secondary students about Citizenship Education just after its implementation as a specific statutory subject in schools from the Autonomous Community of Madrid, Spain. The research was intended as an exploratory study of the present situation,
and provides a first approach to these issues in the Spanish context. Participants were 2nd grade secondary students attending a public school of Madrid. A semi-structured interview designed for this study was individually administrated to the participants in order to explore their views about
Citizenship Education lessons, teaching and learning strategies, students' participation and assessment processes. The findings can inform further research within the field.