bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pojetí psychické odolnosti českými a slovenskými psychology
Authors: Paulík Karel
Published: September 2023

The concept of human resilience is used in various contexts from every day speech to experts discourse. When used in everyday language, the concept of psychological resilience seems quite clear and understandable. In the professional psychological context, we encounter various problems and ambiguities on a theoretical, terminological and methodological level. When we take a closer look. A more thorough analysis of the concept of psychological resilience currently leads to the assumption that it is a complex, complexly structured multi-conditional phenomenon. The aim of the paper is to explore Czech and Slovak psychologists’ concept of psychological resilience. The paper presents a theoretical definition of the phenomenon of resilience, discussing its relation with health and outlining approaches to researching hardiness. The sample was randomly assembled on the basis of respondents’ willingness to participate. Responses were collected using a questionnaire completed by 348 psychologists from the academic community and other spheres in which psychology is professional practiced. The method – using a questionnaire with a small number of relatively simple questions – primarily provides information on respondents’ immediate reactions to the questions. The analyzed sample was assembled randomly on the basis of willingness to participate; it is not a representative sample. In view of the research topic, no hypotheses were generated; instead, research questions were formulated concerning the definition of psychological hardiness, its relation with health, methods used in diagnosing or researching hardiness, and the opinions of experts from the academic and research community. In view of the nature of the data collected, an analysis of descriptive data was carried out, based on absolute and relative frequencies. When defining psychological hardiness, most of the respondents used the concept of ability in the general sense (either in simple or more complex terms), or they defined hardiness as a psychological characteristic (a personality trait). They assumed a strong and significant connection between hardiness and health. This corresponds with the opinions of numerous present-day researchers. The psychologists from the academic sphere gave more detailed responses. When determining hardiness, respondents use self-devised methods or methods taken from expert sources.
El mundo es bello: conceptualizaciones de la estetización en el pensamiento contemporáneo
Authors: Staroselsky Tatiana
Published: September 2023

A casi un siglo del célebre diagnóstico benjaminiano de una estetización de la política en manos del fascismo, el concepto de estetización ha pasado a ser un eje central en muchas descripciones sociológicas, filosóficas y artísticas del mundo en que vivimos. Desde la estetización de la vida hasta la sociedad del espectáculo, diferentes autores se abocaron a diagnosticar formas problemáticas de presencia de “lo estético” en ámbitos, en principio, “no estéticos”. En este marco, este trabajo ofrece una cartografía de algunos de esos diagnósticos y una interpretación de los sentidos que en cada caso adquiere la idea misma de estetización.
Los pueblos originarios de Costa Rica y la construcción de su imaginario desde la enseñanza de los Estudios Sociales: el caso maleku
Authors: Naranjo Segura Juan Carlos , Bolaños-Alvarado Christofer
Published: September 2023

Este artículo resume los hallazgos del trabajo final de graduación, cuya finalidad fue analizar la dinámica del currículo oficial dentro del programa de Estudios Sociales y su papel en la construcción del imaginario sobre los pueblos indígenas de Costa Rica, en contraste con la realidad de estas comunidades y su autorrepresentación. Se tomó como referencia al grupo maleku, así como las representaciones de estudiantes de noveno año del Colegio Técnico Profesional (CTP) de Zarcero sobre estos colectivos étnicos. Para ello, se consideraron aspectos como la economía, la cultura, la vida cotidiana e, incluso, mitos y realidades. La metodología empleada fue cualitativa. Se utilizaron técnicas como el relato de historias de vida, entrevistas semiestructuradas, cuestionarios cualitativos, análisis de contenido y entrevistas grupales. Se determinó que el programa no crea estereotipos, pero sí los reproduce. Asimismo, las opiniones y valoraciones de los pueblos indígenas maleku sobre su realidad rompen estos estereotipos reproducidos en el currículo.
Caracterización discursiva del género dictamen producido por dos instituciones de la Administración Pública en Chile
Authors: Meza Paulina , Moyano Francisca
Published: September 2023

El objetivo de esta investigación es determinar la variación de las características discursivas del género Dictamen producido por dos instituciones de la Administración Pública en Chile: la Contraloría General de la República (CGR) y la Dirección del Trabajo (DT). En el marco de un estudio cualitativo, a partir de los criterios caracterizadores del género propuestos por Parodi et al. (2009), analizamos un corpus constituido por 81 Dictámenes (48 de la CGR y 33 de la DT). Entre los principales hallazgos destacamos que los dictámenes de ambas instituciones, a pesar de tener el mismo nombre, poseen propósitos comunicativos diferentes, hecho que permite establecer que corresponden a géneros distintos. Así, el Dictamen de la CGR tiene como macropropósito comunicativo ordenar algo a los jefes de servicio de entidades públicas, mientras que el de la DT pretende informar la legislación laboral a los trabajadores. En conclusión, el Dictamen de la CGR y de la DT corresponden a géneros distintos con elementos en común (contexto de circulación, modos de organización discursiva predominante y auxiliar, modalidad semiótica predominante), pero también diferenciadores (propósito comunicativo, relación entre los participantes y artefacto semiótico prototípico).
Aspectos pragmáticos del discurso judicial en las sentencias de tribunales constitucionales costarricenses
Authors: Matarrita Arroyo Mario
Published: September 2023

El artículo examina la manera en cómo dos autoridades judiciales costarricenses –tribunales de derecho– se comportan pragmáticamente al emitir algunas de sus decisiones. Con ese objetivo, el texto resume, en primer lugar, aportes teóricos acerca del lenguaje y el discurso jurídico para luego exponer las características de las sentencias judiciales, textos a través de los cuales una autoridad judicial presenta, a las partes interesadas y el público en general, las razones que le llevan a tomar la decisión en un caso. Esa base teórica sirve para, en un segundo apartado, estudiar el discurso de algunas sentencias judiciales desde la pragmática lingüística con especial énfasis en los Estudios Críticos del Discurso y la Teoría de los Actos de Habla. Como resultado de ese análisis, el texto propone una novedosa clasificación de estrategias de fundamentación que utilizan las autoridades judiciales costarricenses para motivar sus decisiones.
Note on the Chromatic Number of Minkowski Planes: The Regular Polygon Case
Authors: Gehér Panna
Published: September 2023

The famous Hadwiger–Nelson problem asks for the minimum number of colors needed to color the points of the Euclidean plane so that no two points unit distance apart are assigned the same color. In this note we consider a variant of the problem in Minkowski metric planes, where the unit circle is a regular polygon of even and at most 22 vertices. We present a simple lattice–sublattice coloring scheme that uses 6 colors, proving that the chromatic number of the Minkowski planes above are at most 6. This result is new for regular polygons having more than 8 vertices.
Love in the Teachings of Ibn ‘Arabī
Authors: Ibrahim Hany T. A.
Published: September 2023

This book aims to explore the theory of love in the writings of the Great Andalusian Sufi Sheikh, Muḥyī al-Dīn Ibn ‘Arabī (558-638/1165-1240). It begins by examining Divine and human love as found in the works of many Sufi masters that preceded Ibn ‘Arabī, and then turns to the views of Ibn ‘Arabī himself. The Sufis from the early centuries of Islam (9th-10th) sometimes defined love as their “religion,” by which they meant, their way to God. Ibn ‘Arabī not only expanded on these earlier Sufi theories, but also detailed his own original insights. He openly declared the primacy of love over all else and argued that love is the dynamic force behind creation. The present study is focused primarily on outlining the importance of Divine love in Ibn ‘Arabī’s thought, which is accomplished through an in-depth reading and a close textual analysis of selected works on Divine love in several of his key works including: The Interpreter of Longings (Turjumān al-Ashwāq), The Ringstones of Wisdom (Fuṣūṣ al-Ḥikam), and The Meccan Openings (al-Futūḥāt al-Makkiyya). The approach taken in Love in the Teachings of Ibn ‘Arabī demonstrates the centrality of love in Ibn ‘Arabī’s worldview. Additionally, the monograph offers certain interpretive keys to help unlock the meanings embedded in the imagery and symbolism of Ibn ‘Arabī’s unique language.
Effects of vitamin C supplementation on Chinese sausage-induced liver damage in rats
Authors: Rong Minxian , Liu Yungang , Wang Yiyuan , Deng Hong
Published: September 2023

Contamination of nitrosamine compounds in Chinese sausages and the relevant hepatoxicity have been reported. This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of vitamin C (VC) supplementation on Chinese sausage contaminated with N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA)-induced liver damage and relevant metabolomic changes. Rats were orally administered with Chinese sausage contaminated with NDMA at levels overpassing its safety limit. In some experiments, VC was additionally administered via drinking water to the rats for 25 weeks. Serum samples were collected from the rats for the measurement of the metabolomic profiles by using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. Compared with the group administered with Chinese sausages alone, in rats with additional VC treatment, all serum biochemical parameters indicating hepatic damage were significantly alleviated, which suggested an improved hepatic function by VC supplementation. Metabonomic analysis of the serum samples showed notable changes in metabolites in VC-supplemented group as compared to that with sausage alone, especially for those involved in the regulation of amino acid or energy or lipid metabolism and/or anti-oxidative function. This study indicates that VC supplement in parallel with long-term exposure to Chinese sausage may attenuate liver damage and promote the recovery of liver function.
O tempo e o espaço nos anos iniciais do Ensino Fundamental: dialogando com a História e a Geografia
Authors: Sosa Derocina Alves Campos
Published: September 2023

O tempo e o espaço nos anos iniciais do Ensino Fundamental: dialogando com a História e a Geografia visa reconhecer como esses temas são trabalhados nesses primeiros anos da vida escolar dos estudantes. É o tempo da construção do sujeito-cidadão, na medida em que os alunos se reconhecem e são reconhecidos como seres históricos inseridos em um meio geográfico que interagem com os demais sujeitos sociais. Essa discussão está prevista hoje no texto da Base Nacional Comum Curricular (BNCC) que passou desde 2017 a nortear os conteúdos a serem trabalhados em sala de aula. Através das leituras sobre ensino de História e Geografia nos anos iniciais, passando pela análise dos currículos, podemos identificar alguns elementos que estão presentes nessa aprendizagem e de como ela, a aprendizagem será importante elemento de reafirmação do sujeito históricos e do sujeito geográfico na sociedade.
Marine mollusk biodiversity in Northeastern islands of Vietnam, impact factors and proposing conservation solutions
Authors: Sarti Massimo , Thung Do Cong , Nguyen Dang Ngai , Dau Van Thao , Cao Thi Thu Trang , Dao Minh Dong , Calcinai Barbara , Cerrano Carlo
Published: September 2023

A biodiversity and water-quality monitoring campaign was conducted in the Northeastern archipelago of Vietnam, including Quang Ninh province and Hai Phong, in 2017–2018. Mollusks are selected as the critical proxy indicator, and water-quality parameters are tested against National acceptability standards. The study revealed that, despite declining trends over the past two decades, mollusks are still highly diverse, with 647 species belonging to 227 genera, 95 families, and five classes (76% of all the species identified in the Tonkin Gulf). Of these, 253 species of 39 families (39% of the whole stock) are of high economic value, supporting an active trade in the region and thousands of livelihoods. Several species (abalone, blood cockle, green mussel, pearl oysters, Pacific oysters, double-headed clams, Asian hard clams, white clams, and squids) are intensively farmed. However, aquaculture still needs to be derdeveloped as capture from the wild is preferred. Water quality is unexpectedly high despite impacting factors such as urban development, industry, mass tourism, and demographic increase, mainly within the limits of acceptability set by the Government. Salinity, pH, and temperature are compatible with marine life, and a limited impact is represented by dissolved nitrates and suspended hydrocarbons in suspension. Despite favorable conditions of the aquatic environment, biodiversity decline has been a steady trend over the past decade. The causes are the urban encroachment over the coastal tract, the intertidal spawning grounds, breeding grounds, and nurseries, overexploitation, IUU fishing, lack of management, and failed establishment of conservation areas and MPAs. Spawning and breeding grounds identification and demarcation, their participated co-management, investments in environmental protection, technologies, and capacity building, and promotion of aquafarming of marketable species are among the measures recommended to be implemented with priority, to relieve the pressure over the wild stock and promote regeneration. The role of science in monitoring and detecting environmental changes guiding the adoption of proactive measures to prevent depletion and stock collapse, is the pathway to the sustainability of resource use and human well-being.
Elements of artificial intelligence in a predictive personalized model of pharmacotherapy choice in patients with heart failure with mildly reduced ejection fraction of ischemic origin
Authors: Osipova O. A. , Kontsevaya A. V. , Demko V. V. , Gosteva E. V. , Komisov A. A. , Kuzub А. A. , Serdyukova A. V. , Brizhaneva A. S. , Shepel R. N. , Drapkina O. M.
Published: September 2023

Aim. To create and train a neural network (NN) of a predictive personalized model of pharmacotherapy choice in patients with heart failure with mildly reduced ejection fraction (HFmrEF) of ischemic origin.

Material and methods. The study included 170 people with HFmrEF of ischemic origin, who on the background standard pharmacotherapy, received a beta-blocker (BB) or BB+mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist eplerenone (EP): bisoprolol (BIS); BIS+EP; nebivolol (NEB); NEB+EP. Patients underwent echocardiography and were analyzed for serum aldosterone (AL), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9). To create the NN model, the following approximate predictive function of parameters was used: age, AL, TNF-α, MMP-9, sphericity index (SI), type of pharmacotherapy. The result of this function is a parameter vector: AL, TNF-α, MMP-9, SI and quality of life (QOL). The designed NN model is implemented in the Matlab software package for solving machine learning and Data Science problems. The NN model is represented as a connected graph and NN function. Dichotomous analysis was used to compare the effect of treatment types in pairs. For intergroup comparison of therapy, the Wilcoxon W test method. The critical significance (p) was considered <0,05.

Results. As a result of model inference, the predicted clinical parameters of patients were obtained, depending on the influence of pharmacotherapy type on the levels of AL, TNF-α, MMP-9, and SI. Function approximation of the distribution was constructed. Determination coefficient R2 of approximating functions was ≥0,92. The calculated values for the BIS therapy groups were obtained; BIS+EP — 169,59, 82,30, 15,26 and 52,92; NEB — 186,42, 87,65, 16,10 and 57,22; NEB+EP — 171,17, 71,90, 14,22 and 58,68, respectively. There were following mean values in the vector of initial states (before therapy): AL, MMP-9, TNF-α, and QOL — 205,84, 174,16, 18,32, and 50,71, respectively. The greatest negative changes of AL, MMP-9, TNF-α (p<0,05) was observed in the NEP+EP group.

Conclusion. In the course of the study, using artificial intelligence, a predictive model of a personalized approach to pharmacotherapy choice in patients with HFmrEF of ischemic origin was developed and trained. It has been established that NEP+EP therapy has the greatest effect.
Guidance letter for cardiologists of oncology institutions on the prevention of cardiovascular complications of anticancer therapy. Interdisciplinary Council of Cardio-Oncology, Russian Society of Cardiology
Authors: Vasyuk Yu. A. , Gendlin G. E. , Emelina E. I. , Nikitin I. G. , Potievskaya V. I. , Shupenina E. Yu.
Published: September 2023

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Development management of the export potential of the timber industry
Authors: Shum Nikita , Loginov Mikhail
Published: September 2023

The authors describe the role of the export potential of the timber industry under sanctions in this article. The authors also describe how the sanctions policy of the West against Russia affects the Russian market, mainly the timber industry. The theoretical aspects of the factors of the influence of sanctions on the export potential are considered, various areas of functioning of the export potential of the timber industry are described. The author notes that the timber industry, in terms of the Western sanctions, has reduced the output of goods, as well as the export of these products, thereby reducing budget revenues from this industry, both at the national and regional levels. The timber industry, in turn, is divided according to the scale of production at the national, regional levels and at the level of enterprises. The structure of the timber industry at the national level is differentiated and it includes various areas of raw material use by industries: logging, woodworking, wood chemical and pulp and paper production. The condition to the formation of the export potential of the timber industry at the regional level is that all factors interact, which has influence on the increase of the level of exports of the timber industry in order to strengthen the competitiveness of the products of the timber industry, to increase the export potential and its stimulating effect on the economy and development of the region.
It is pointed out that the export potential of the timber industry, both at the national and regional levels, suggests the totality of all areas of activity of the timber industry, that is why the pressure of sanctions affected negatively not only the production of outputs of timber industry, but also pricing, the dependence of the export potential of the timber industry on negative factors of the sanctions impact has increased, therefore, the Western sanctions against Russia had a negative impact on external turnover, as well as on the export potential of the timber industry.
Podocyte Injury in Diabetic Kidney Disease in Mouse Models Involves TRPC6-mediated Calpain Activation Impairing Autophagy
Authors: Salemkour Yann , Yildiz Dilemin , Dionet Léa , ‘t Hart Daan C. , Verheijden Kim A.T. , Saito Ryuta , Mahtal Nassim , Delbet Jean-Daniel , Letavernier Emmanuel , Rabant Marion , Karras Alexandre , van der Vlag Johan , Nijenhuis Tom , Tharaux Pierre-Louis , Lenoir Olivia
Published: September 2023

Significance Statement

Autophagy protects podocytes from injury in diabetic kidney disease (DKD). Restoring glomerular autophagy is a promising approach to limit DKD. This study demonstrates a novel regulatory mechanism of autophagy that blocks this critical protection of the glomerular filtration barrier. We demonstrated that TRPC6 induced in podocytes in mouse models of diabetes mediates calpain activation, thereby impairing podocyte autophagy, causing injury and accelerating DKD. Furthermore, this study provides proof of principle for druggable targets for DKD because restoration of podocyte autophagy by calpain inhibitors effectively limits glomerular destruction.

Background

Diabetic kidney disease is associated with impaired podocyte autophagy and subsequent podocyte injury. The regulation of podocyte autophagy is unique because it minimally uses the mTOR and AMPK pathways. Thus, the molecular mechanisms underlying the impaired autophagy in podocytes in diabetic kidney disease remain largely elusive.

Methods

This study investigated how the calcium channel TRPC6 and the cysteine protease calpains deleteriously affect podocyte autophagy in diabetic kidney disease in mice. We demonstrated that TRPC6 knockdown in podocytes increased the autophagic flux because of decreased cysteine protease calpain activity. Diabetic kidney disease was induced in vivo using streptozotocin with unilateral nephrectomy and the BTBRob/ob mouse models.

Results

Diabetes increased TRPC6 expression in podocytes in vivo with decreased podocyte autophagic flux. Transgenic overexpression of the endogenous calpain inhibitor calpastatin, as well as pharmacologic inhibition of calpain activity, normalized podocyte autophagic flux, reduced nephrin loss, and prevented the development of albuminuria in diabetic mice. In kidney biopsies from patients with diabetes, we further confirmed that TRPC6 overexpression in podocytes correlates with decreased calpastatin expression, autophagy blockade, and podocyte injury.

Conclusions

Overall, we discovered a new mechanism that connects TRPC6 and calpain activity to impaired podocyte autophagy, increased podocyte injury, and development of proteinuria in the context of diabetic kidney disease. Therefore, targeting TRPC6 and/or calpain to restore podocyte autophagy might be a promising therapeutic strategy for diabetic kidney disease.
Macroeconomic Effects of Large-Scale Asset Purchases: New Evidence
Authors: Kim Kyungmin , Laubach Thomas , Wei Min
Published: September 2023

We provide new evidence on the macroeconomic effects of the Federal Reserve's large-scale asset purchases (LSAPs), using a structural VAR with survey-based measures of the LSAP policy stance and instruments constructed from high-frequency yield changes. We estimate that, at the peak, a $500 billion LSAP shock raises output and the price level by about 1.2 percent and 0.8 percent, respectively, while reducing the unemployment rate by 0.5 percentage points. These results are robust to considering possible central bank information effects and allowing for an endogenous switch between the interest rate and the balance sheet tool at the effective lower bound.
SEcuRe 2.0 – A simple and economic protocol for efficient in vitro fertilization using cryopreserved mouse sperm v2
Authors: Wigger Magdalena
Published: September 2023

The advent of genome editing tools like CRISPR/Cas has substantially increased the number of genetically engineered mouse models in recent years. In support of refinement and reduction, sperm cryopreservation is advantageous compared to embryo freezing for archiving and distribution of such mouse models. The in vitro fertilization using cryopreserved sperm from the most widely used C57BL/6 strain has become highly efficient in recent years due to several improvements of the procedure. However, the purchase of the necessary media for routine application of the current protocol poses a constant burden on budgetary constraints. In-house media preparation, instead, is complex and requires quality control of each batch. Here, we describe SEcuRe 2.0, a cost-effective and easily adaptable approach for in vitro fertilization using cryopreserved C57BL/6 sperm. This is mainly achieved by modification of an affordable commercial fertilization medium and a step-by-step description of all other necessary reagents. This protocol is compatible with frozen sperm from all major repositories, and the IVF can easily be adapted to accommodate freshly harvested sperm. The basal fertilization medium (Cook's RVF) used in the initial SEcuRe approach has been discontinued by the manufacturer. We have validated HTF as a replacement, and SEcuRe 2.0 successfully employs HTF as the basal fertilization medium ever since. (The last step contains a supplemental video with extra context and tips, as part of the protocols.io Spotlight series, featuring conversations with protocol authors.)
Ion exchange chromatography for small extracellular vesicles isolation v1
Authors: Malvicini Ricardo
Published: September 2023

In the last few years, extracellular vesicles have become of great interest due to its potential as biomarkers, drug delivery systems and, in particular, as therapeutic agents. However, there is no consensus on which is the best way to isolate these vesicles. The choice of the isolation method depends on the starting material (i.e conditioned culture media, urine, serum, ecc) and their downstream applications. Even though there are numerous methods to isolate sEV, few of them are compatible with clinical applications, as they are not scalable. In the present work, we set up a protocol to isolate sEV from conditioned culture media by ion exchange chromatography, which is a simple, fast and scalable method, suitable for clinical production of sEV. We performed the isolation using an anion exchange resin (Q sepharose) and eluted the sEV using 500mM NaCl. We characterized the elution profile by measuring protein and lipid concentration and CD63 by ELISA. Moreover, we immunophenotyped all the eluted fractions, evaluated the presence of TSG101, calnexin and cytochrome C by western blot and analysed nanoparticle size and distribution by NTA and tRPS and morphology by TEM. Finally, we evaluated the immunomodulatory activity in vitro. We found that most sEV are eluted and concentrated in fraction 4, with a mean size <150nm, which are positive for CD9, CD63, CD81 and TSG101, while most proteins are eluted in fraction 5. Moreover, sEV in fraction 4 exerted an anti-inflammatory activity on LPS-stimulated macrophages. In summary, we set up a scalable and clinically compatible method to chromatographically isolate small extracellular vesicles, from conditioned culture media, that retain their biological activity.
Chocolate Chip Cookies (CCCOOCI) v2
Authors: J Acton Richard
Published: September 2023

A recipe for chocolate cookies By running this protocol and supplying your results you will be particpating in CCCOOCI (chocolate chip cookie optimisation open colaborative initiative) to learn more visit the project page: https://renkulab.io/projects/hdbi/data-management/cccooci
CORTESÍA Y VERACIDAD
Authors: Haverkate Henk
Published: September 2023

La veracidad desempeña una función intersubjetiva primordial en la comunicación verbal. Puede considerarse como la manifestación prototípica del principio de la cooperación conversacional tal como se plasma en la máxima de cualidad. En las culturas occidentales, la imagen positiva del individuo se valora ante todo en virtud de su propensión a respetar la máxima. Por este motivo, los usuarios de la lengua tienden a enfatizar el carácter veraz de sus contribuciones al intercambio verbal. Procediendo de esta manera, manifiestan una actitud que se puede calificar de autocortesía o autoafirmación. La veracidad entra en juego no sólo cuando se cumple la máxima de cualidad, sino también cuando se incumple. En el último caso es frecuente que se generen implicaturas conversacionales de diversa índole, entre las que  resalta el uso de la ironía.
The Eurabia Conspiracy Theory: Twitter’s Political Influencers, Narratives, and Information Sources
Authors: Monaci Sara , Morreale Domenico , Persico Simone
Published: September 2023

In recent years, conspiracy theories on social media have emerged as a significant issue capable of undermining social perceptions of European integration. Narratives such as the Eurabia doctrine, which would imply an ethnic replacement of the indigenous European population with migrants (Bergmann, 2018), have been a significant resonance. Thanks to computational analysis, we have collected data from Twitter over three years (2020, 2021, and 2022) during the Covid-19 pandemic. In this period, we collected over 50,000 tweets strictly related to the Eurabia doctrine topic in different European languages. Analysing the collected data, we identified the most relevant voices spreading conspiracy theories online, the emerging narratives related to the Eurabia doctrine, and the primary sources used by the most active or mentioned subjects in spreading disinformation.
How the Depths of the Danish Straits Shape Gdańsk's Port and City Spatial Development
Authors: Krośnicka Karolina A. , Wawrzyńska Aleksandra
Published: September 2023

The depths of the Danish Straits limit the drafts of ships entering the Baltic Sea. The largest ships calling the Baltic in a laden condition are called Baltimax. The article presents how the dredging works carried out in the Danish Straits in the 1970s enabled the development of the Port of Gdańsk and consequently also influenced the city, being a residential base for employees of the new port and shipyards. The analysed case proves that, for port cities, overcoming a distant navigational bottleneck by dredging the existing passage or constructing a new channel might lead to a significant change in their development. The article also raises a question on the current development opportunities of the Port of Gdańsk, which is again increasingly limited by the depths of the Danish Straits, as large tankers and bulk carriers have already been entering Gdańsk not fully loaded for some time, and recently the largest container ships also reached the maximum permissible drafts.
RESEARCH OF PROCESSES OF CONFLICTIZATION IN MODERN UKRAINIAN STUDIES DISCOURSE (Review of the book: Conflictizatoin of the cultural and historical space of Ukraine in the conditions of modern threats: a monograph / Under the general editorship of M.I. Obushny, resp. editor. I.M. Grabovska. K.: Millennium, 2021. 266 p.)
Authors:   RIUS of Ministry Education and Science, Kyiv Ukraine, NASTOIASHCHA Kateryna , SHAMSUTDYNOVA-LEBEDYUK Tetyana ,   Rivne State University of the Humanities Ukraine
Published: September 2023

The monographic research of the team of authors consisting of Iryna Grabovska, Svitlana Kagamlyk, Mykola Obushny, Lyudmila Sorochuk "Conflictization of the cultural and historical space of Ukraine in the conditions of modern threats" is analyzed. It is emphasized that the study of conflictological processes in modern Ukraine is one of the most relevant direction of national socio-humanitarian studies. The scientific understanding of the indicated issues should become a thorough basis for understanding the processes that are taking place in our country, in particular today, during the full-scale invasion of Russia on the territory of Ukraine for the purpose of destroying it as a state, a nation and the population of these territories in general. Emphasis is placed on the positive aspects of the proposed work.
The 2022 Ms 5.8 and 6.0 Maerkang Earthquakes: Two Strike-Slip Events Occurred on V-Shaped Faults
Authors: Yang Ting , Jia Ke , Zhu Aiyu , Wang Shiguang , Fang Lihua
Published: September 2023

Within four hours on 10 June 2022, three consecutive earthquakes of Ms≥5.0 with a maximum magnitude up to Ms 6.0 struck Maerkang, Sichuan, where is supposedly less prone to earthquakes. This article uses seismic observations recorded by the Sichuan Seismic Network to relocate the earthquake sequences and refine velocity models in Maerkang using a double-difference seismic tomography method. The results show that the aftershocks align along northwest and north-northwest directions with a V-shaped pattern, and the Ms 5.8 and 6.0 earthquakes are located in the center of the sequences. The seismogenic faults of the Maerkang earthquake are the two intersecting secondary faults on the east side of the Songgang fault that dip to the northeast and southwest, respectively, with dip angles of about 80°. Analysis of the seismicity parameters and Coulomb stress changes revealed that the Ms 5.8 and 6.0 earthquakes occurred on two separate faults, and the Ms 5.8 earthquake triggered the Ms 6.0 earthquake, while the Ms 6.0 earthquake prevented the rupture of the Ms 5.8 earthquake. The apparent high-velocity anomaly in the upper crust and the low-velocity and high-conductivity layer in the middle-lower crust of the source region suggest that drag forces exerted by the ductile middle-lower crust may have caused the brittle upper crust to move under the eastward extrusion of the Tibetan plateau, leading to the stresses accumulate and release on the causative faults. The Maerkang earthquake highlighted the lateral movement of deep materials and energy redistribution in the intrablock deformation of the Bayan Har block.
3D Wave Propagation Simulations of Mw 6.5+ Earthquakes on the Tacoma Fault, Washington State, Considering the Effects of Topography, a Geotechnical Gradient, and a Fault Damage Zone
Authors: Stone Ian , Wirth Erin A. , Grant Alex , Frankel Arthur D.
Published: September 2023

We simulate shaking in Tacoma, Washington, and surrounding areas from Mw 6.5 and 7.0 earthquakes on the Tacoma fault. Ground motions are directly modeled up to 2.5 Hz using kinematic, finite-fault sources; a 3D seismic velocity model considering regional geology; and a model mesh with 30 m sampling at the ground surface. In addition, we explore how adjustments to the seismic velocity model affect predicted shaking over a range of periods. These adjustments include the addition of a region-specific geotechnical gradient, surface topography, and a fault damage zone. We find that the simulated shaking tends to be near estimates from empirical ground-motion models (GMMs). However, long-period (T = 5.0 s) shaking within the Tacoma basin is typically underpredicted by the GMMs. The fit between simulated and GMM-derived short-period (T = 0.5 s) shaking is significantly improved with the addition of the geotechnical gradient. From comparing different Mw 6.5 earthquake scenarios, we also find that the response of the Tacoma basin is sensitive to the azimuth of incoming seismic waves. In adding surface topography to the simulation, we find that average ground motion is similar to that produced from the nontopography model. However, shaking is often amplified at topographic highs and deamplified at topographic lows, and the wavefield undergoes extensive scattering. Adding a fault damage zone has the effect of amplifying short-period shaking adjacent to the fault, while reducing far-field shaking. Intermediate-period shaking is amplified within the Tacoma basin, likely due to enhanced surface-wave generation attributable to the fault damage zone waveguide. When applied in the same model, the topography and fault damage zone adjustments often enhance or reduce the effects of one another, adding further complexity to the wavefield. These results emphasize the importance of improving near-surface velocity model resolution as waveform simulations progress toward higher frequencies.
The ShakeMap Atlas of Historical Earthquakes in Italy: Configuration and Validation
Authors: Oliveti Ilaria , Faenza Licia , Antonucci Andrea , Locati Mario , Rovida Andrea , Michelini Alberto
Published: September 2023

Italy has a long tradition of studies on the seismic history of the country and the neighboring areas. Several archives and databases dealing with historical earthquake data—primarily intensity data points—have been published and are constantly updated. Macroseismic fields of significant events are of foremost importance in assessing earthquake effects and for the evaluation of seismic hazards. Here, we adopt the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS)-ShakeMap software to calculate the maps of strong ground shaking (shakemaps) of 79 historical earthquakes with magnitude ≥6 that have occurred in Italy between 1117 and 1968 C.E. We use the macroseismic data published in the Italian Macroseismic Database (DBMI15). The shakemaps have been determined using two different configurations. The first adopts the virtual intensity prediction equations approach (VIPE; i.e., a combination of ground-motion models [GMMs] and ground-motion intensity conversion equations [GMICEs]; Bindi, Pacor, et al., 2011; Oliveti et al., 2022b). The second exploits the intensity prediction equations (IPE; Pasolini, Albarello, et al., 2008; Lolli et al., 2019). The VIPE configuration has been found to provide more accurate results after appraisal through a cross-validation analysis and has been applied for the generation of the ShakeMap Atlas. The resulting maps are published in the Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV) ShakeMap (see Data and Resources; Oliveti et al., 2023), and in the Italian Archive of Historical Earthquake Data (ASMI; see Data and Resources; Rovida et al., 2017) platforms.
The Experience of Distance Learning of Students in Psychology of Interpersonal Communication
Authors: Kovalenko Olena , Khomych Lidiia
Published: September 2023

The article concerns the results of theoretical and empirical research of designing and realization of modern Web-services in the educational process of high school as well as implementation and application of Google Classroom service in the educational process of a university. The scientific and methodological bases of the research are substantiated. The features of Web-services were revealed and the economic, technical, functional, functional-educational, personal, and educational advantages of using Google Classroom in institutions of higher education were determined. The methodical steps of using Google Classroom in the process of teaching and studying the discipline “Psychology of Interpersonal Communication” by students of the specialty 053 Psychology were characterized. The results of Google Classroom service implementation in the process of studying by students the discipline are proven, empirically and statistically validated. The effect is an increase in the level of students’ effective interpersonal communication qualities that demonstrate the benefits of using this service for psychology students, especially during pandemic times. The issues of designing and implementing the Google Classroom service in the process of studying other psychological disciplines by students of humanities at all educational levels, as well as examining the advantages and disadvantages of using this service, are treated by the authors as promising for further research.
The Family as a Space for Identity Formation in the Opinion of Students of Pedagogy
Authors: Jas Katarzyna
Published: September 2023

The research results presented in this article are a fragment of a broader empirical material collected in order to find out the opinions of pedagogy students on the family as a space for identity formation. The theoretical considerations refer to Jerzy Nikitorowicz’s concept of a multifaceted and continuously forming identity, and to Erik H. Erikson’s psychosocial theory of development. In addition, an attempt was made to establish the answer to the question: What are the students’ opinions on the family as a space for the formation of their identity? In order to obtain an answer, the method of diagnostic survey was used in the research, and a questionnaire was used as a technique. The survey of 64 students of pedagogy shows that for most of them, the family is of great importance in the formation of their identity. Relationships with parents, siblings, grandmothers, grandfathers, and other relatives are factors that, according to the respondents, have a significant impact on the process of building their identity.
Social Competences and the Socio-Professional Adaptation of Teachers: An Introduction to the Research
Authors: Twardosz Natalia
Published: September 2023

The article presents the results of a pilot study relating to the level of social competences during the first years of socio-vocational adaptation of teachers. The study poses the following research problems: What level of social competence do teachers have at the professional start? Do and what variables affect the level of social competence? What level of social competence do teachers represent in each category (in intimate situations, social exposure, assertiveness)? The study used the survey method with the standardized tool – Social Competence Questionnaire by Anna Matczak. The study group included 314 teachers from various types of schools and institutions. The survey did not yield a statistically significant result against the variable of seniority, but only against the place of residence. The study describes the essence of creating teacher communities and building social groups based on cooperation and trust.
Motivation and Meeting Needs at Work vs. Work-Life Balance and Sense of Life Satisfaction of Employees of Polish Corporations in the Period Before the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Skrok Joanna , Strońska-Szymanek Anna , Kolemba Marcin , Surzykiewicz Janusz
Published: September 2023

Introduction: Maintaining a balance between personal and professional life (work-life balance, WLB) is one of the key factors important for the effectiveness of functioning in the professional area and also has a direct impact on the sense of satisfaction with life. The article explores the relationship between motivational factors and needs satisfaction at work and WLB and life satisfaction. Research Aim: The aim of the research was to determine the relationships between the different types of motivation regulation postulated in the theory of self-determination by Deci and Ryan (2000) and the satisfaction of needs at work (autonomy, competence and bonds with other people) and WLB and the sense of life satisfaction of corporate employees. Method: The study covered 82 employees of five institutions from the financial sector, aged 22 to 62.27 (33%) of the respondents held a managerial position. The following questionnaires were used in the study: “Work-Life Balance” (Hill Hawkins, Ferris, Weitzman, 2001), “SWLS” (Juczyński, 2012), Work Extrinsic and Intrinsic Motivation Scale (WEIMS) Tremblay, Blanchard, Taylor, Pelletier, Villeneuvei (2009), and Basic Psychological Need Satisfaction Scale – Work Domain (Deci et al., 2001). Results: Among the respondents, a negative relationship between amotivation – lack of motivation to work and WLB was found. The factor that turned out to be positively associated with WLB was the satisfaction of the need of autonomy at work. Positive relationships were also found between intrinsic motivation and life satisfaction, as well as WLB and life satisfaction. Conclusions: The results of the study indicate that it is not so much the specific type of motivation that affects the maintenance of WLB, as the lack of motivation is associated with the disturbance of this balance. The key need that is met at work translates into WLB is the need for autonomy. Our study reported a positive relationship between WLB and life satisfaction. This means that maintaining a work-life balance can be considered as one of the important aspects of well-being.
Recreation of Construction Patterns by 4-, 5- and 6-year-old Children 70 Years Ago and Today. Comparison of Test Results
Authors: Jelinek Jan Amos
Published: September 2023

Introduction: Recreation of construction patterns is an important form of supporting students’ cognitive development. Unfortunately, a lack of research makes it impossible to characterise the skills of contemporary children. Research Aim: To establish the current ability of pre-school children to reproduce constructions and to determine how these skills have changed in relation to research conducted 70 years earlier (Popiel, 1955–1957). Method: In order to compare the results of the research conducted, the tools were recreated and the method of the research conducted 70 years earlier was repeated. Seven finished constructions were presented to the children and the method of recreating them was recorded. The description included the method of construction and the correctness of the reconstructed construction. Results: The level of reproduction of the constructions is similar. However, modern children are better at recreating more difficult constructions. The small number of subjects limits the generalising power of the results of the study. Conclusions: The results of the study shed some light on children’s constructional abilities. They indicate that the situation of recreating constructions can be used as a form of supporting children’s mental development. The differences in the results of the studies indicate that caution should be exercised in citing research findings on the construction skills of children living many years earlier. Research is needed to explore these issues in more depth.
An Application of the NEP Scale in Studying Environmental Awareness of Academic Youth at Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan
Authors: Kozłowska Agnieszka , Brzezińska Adrianna , Dąbrowska Paulina , Kuczora Joanna , Jarecka Aleksandra , Kwaśna Joanna , Łobodziec Ewelina , Kaczmarek Magdalena
Published: September 2023

Introduction: Humans’ attitude toward nature, based on the anthropocentric philosophy and belief in human exceptionalism are the root causes of environmental crisis. New Ecological Paradigm (NEP) presumes to step away from anthropocentrism and recognizing the limits to growth, which is based on unsustainable exploitation of the environment. Worldwide, the level of acceptance for NEP is measured by the NEP Scale (New Ecological Paradigm Scale) consisting of 12–15 theses, for which answers are expressed in a Likert scale. Research Aim: Using the NEP Scale for examination of academic youth’ senvironmental awareness. Method: Online survey including a 15-element NEP Scale translated into Polish was used; for questionnaire and data collecting Qualtrics Survey App was applied. The collected data from among N = 260 students were subjected to ordering, re-coding, and statistical analysis, including descriptive statistics, frequencies, and t-test for the NEP index in the groups of genders, using SPSS Statistics 28.0.1.0. Respondents’ support for NEP was estimated by frequency analysis of “pro-ecological” responses, comparison of means, and the NEP index. Results: The frequency of responses expressing support for NEP was 74.5; the mean for individual questions valued from 1 (no support) to 5 (maximum support) was 4.13. The NEP index (scale from 0 to 1) was 0.78. T-test confirmed gender influence on NEP Index, which was higher among women than men (mean 0.79 vs. 0.72), with p = 0.007. Conclusions: The NEP Index values indicate the high environmental awareness of the studied academic youth. Higher support for NEP among women is in line with the worldwide trend observed in numerous studies, in which women’s awareness and behaviour are more pro-ecological than men’s.