bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
BIOLOGICAL MODEL OF LUNG CANCER COMBINATION AND TUBERCULOSIS: DEVELOPMENT FOR PRECLINICAL STUDY OF RATIONAL COMBINATIONS OF TARGETED ANTITUMOR AND ANTITUBERCULOSIS THERAPY
Authors: Krylova Yu.S. , Kudriashov G.G. , Tochilnikov G.V. , Vinogradova T.I. , Dokhov M.A. , Yablonskii P.K.
Published: April 2024

Introduction. Lung cancer occupies a leading position in the structure of mortality from cancer. Chronic inflammation characteristic of tuberculosis increases the risk of lung cancer. Currently, more and more information is emerging confirming the cause-and-effect relationship between tuberculosis and cancer. The need to develop recommendations for public health regarding screening and treatment of tuberculosis in the tumor process determines the relevance of experimental studies on biological models of the combination of cancer and tuberculosis.. Aim. Creation а biological model of the combination of lung cancer and tuberculosis for preclinical study of rational combinations of antitumor and antituberculosis therapy. Material and methods: The biological model was implemented on C57BL/6 mice at the age of two months. Lewis epidermoid lung carcinoma was used to reproduce the tumor process. Modeling of tuberculosis was carried out using the reference strain Mycobacterium Tuberculosis H37RV. During the study, the following groups were formed: “intact mice” (healthy, uninfected with the Mycobacterium Tuberculosis (MBT) H37Rv strain without tumor cell transplantation); “control of MBT infection” (animals infected with Mycobacterium Tuberculosis strain H37Rv), “tumor control” (animals that were transplanted with epidermoid Lewis lung carcinoma) and “main group” (animals that were transplanted with epidermoid Lewis lung carcinoma simultaneously with MBT infection). Results. During the experiment, several models for creating the combined pathology of lung cancer and tuberculosis were identified. In the first (simultaneous infection and tumor inoculation), carcinoma developed more slowly in infected animals than in the tumor control group, and lung damage occurred with a predominance of the tuberculous process over the tumor process. The second (staged infection) also showed minimal metastatic manifestations with pronounced secondary changes in the primary tumor node. Analysis of the choice of model showed that the model with simultaneous infection and tumor inoculation most adequately ensures the development of the tumor process and tuberculosis infection, which allows maintaining the viability of the animal, fully developing the tumor process with metastasis to the lungs and obtaining the development of morphologically verified pulmonary tuberculosis.
Genetic predictors of the risk of developing complications in the immediate postoperative period following combat trauma
Authors: Kishenya M.S. , Sobolev D.V. , Anchikova E.V. , Visyagin A.V.
Published: April 2024

Introduction. Paratraumatic eczema (PTE), being a type of microbial eczema, occurs after surgical interventions, chronic wound healing, accompanied by pronounced inflammatory changes with hyperemia, edema, exudation, soreness and itching. Genetic polymorphisms of cytokines and Toll-like receptors (TLRs) may be pathogenetic factors in the development of PTE, causing the penetration of microorganisms and violation of the protective properties of the skin barrier. Goal. To study the relationship of polymorphisms rs1800629 of the TNFα gene, rs5743708 of the TLR2 gene, rs3775291 of the TLR3 gene, rs4986790 of the TLR4 gene with the development of paratraumatic eczema in combat trauma victims. Material and methods. The study included 162 patients, of whom 82 showed signs of PTE (comparison group), 80 people had no signs of PTE (control group). Genotyping of polymorphisms was carried out using the polymerase chain reaction method with electrophoretic detection using test systems of NPF Litech (Russia). The Statistica 10 program (StatSoft, Inc., USA) was used for statistical data processing. Results. A connection with the development of PTE with variants of genotypes and alleles of polymorphisms was established: rs1800629 of the TNFα gene (χ2=6.9; p=0.033 and χ2=8.12; p=0.005); rs3775291 of the TLR3 gene (χ2=6.9; p=0.039 and χ2=5.74; p=0.018); rs4986790 of the TLR4 gene (χ2=8.17; p=0.018 and χ2=7.85; p=0.005). The increase in the chances of developing PTE was influenced by: genotypes GA (OR=1.64; 95% CI 0.83–3.24) and AA (OR=2.94; 95% CI 0.9–9.67), allele A (OR=2.13; 95% CI 1.26–3.6) rs1800629 TNFα gene; genotypes CT (OR=1.58; 74% CI 0.93–3.24) and TT (OR=1.79; 95% CI 0.67–4.8), allele T (OR=1.76; 95% CI 1.1–2.8) rs3775291 TLR3 gene; genotypes AG (OR=2.58; 95% CI 1.24–5.37) and GG (OR=3.0; 95% CI 0.31–29.47), allele G (OR=2.44; 95% CI 1.29–4.62) rs4986790 of the TLR4 gene. Conclusions. Polymorphisms rs1800629 of the TNFα gene, rs3775291 of the TLR3 gene, rs4986790 of the TLR4 gene are associated with the development of paratraumatic eczema in combat trauma victims
COMPUTER PREDICTION OF PHARMACOLOGICAL ACTIVITY OF SOLANUM TUBEROSUM L. ALKALOIDS
Authors: Voronov V.A. , Daironas J.V. , Zolotykh D.S.
Published: April 2024

The alkaloids solanine and chaconine were discovered in 1821. However, its did not find medical use due to toxicity. At present, modern research methods have revealed anti-cancer activity of the alcaloids. In this regard, the hypothesis of the presence of other previously unexplored pharmacological effects has arisen. The aim of the study is to predict new possible pharmacological and toxicological effects of alkaloids solanine and chaconine by computer modeling. Material and methods. The Reaxys database was used to identify known types of pharmacologic activity, online services with free access PASS, Swiss Target Prediction, Similarity ensemble approach (SEA) were used to identify new potential activities. They provided a list of potential targets, among which we selected the most promising one. Based on this, we further investigated the interaction of glycoalkaloids with the identified target by molecular docking. Results. The results obtained using the above online services correspond the literature data. However sigma-1 non-opioid intracellular receptor was identified as a new promising target. There is no experimental confirmation of the interaction between the tested compounds for this target. As a result of docking, the binding energy of solanine and chaconine with sigma-1 opioid receptors is comparable to that of the comparison drug, haloperidol. Conclusion. Solanine and chaconine may be active against sigma-1 receptors; however, the docking results need to be confirmed
EVALUATION OF IMMUNOTROPIC PROPERTIES OF GLYPROLINE COMPOUNDS IN EXPERIMENTAL HYPERTHYROIDISM
Authors: Sergalieva M.U. , Tsibizova A.A. , Murtalieva V.Kh. , Andreeva L.A. , Myasoedov N.F. , Samotrueva M.A.
Published: April 2024

Introduction. Thyroid disease is currently the most common among endocrine pathology. Hyperproduction of thyroid hormones is accompanied by stimulation of humoral reactions, contributing to the development of immune-mediated pathology under certain conditions, which actualizes the need to develop means for correcting neuroimmunoendocrine processes. Gliproline compounds analogous to neuropeptide protein molecules, among which are Thr-Lys-Pro-Arg-Pro-Gly-Pro and Pro-Gly-Pro, can be considered as such agents. The aim of the study. The aim of the study was to study the immunotropic properties of gliproline compounds Thr-Lys-Pro-Arg-Pro-Gly-Pro and Pro-Gly-Pro under experimental hyperthyroidism. Material and methods. The immunotropic properties of the gliproline compounds Thr-Lys-Pro-Arg-Pro-Gly-Pro and Pro-Gly-Pro were studied in white nonlinear male rats. Hyperthyroid status in animals was modeled by intragastric administration of L-thyroxine sodium salt pentahydrate («Sigma»; USA) at 150 μg/kg for 21 days. Laboratory animals were divided into groups (n=10): control group – intact animals (control); animals treated with L-thyroxine sodium salt pentahydrate (hyperthyroidism); rats receiving Thr-Lys-Pro-Arg-Pro-Gly-Pro (selanc) and rats receiving Pro-Gly-Pro intraperitoneally daily for 21 days at doses of 87 and 33 μg/kg/day. Results. The obtained results indicate the presence in gliproline compounds Thr-Lys-Pro-Arg-Pro-Gly-Pro and Pro-Gly-Pro of immune correcting activity manifested under the conditions of experimental hyperthyroidism, with the greatest impact on the humoral unit of immunity, which is confirmed by the presence of statistically significant changes in the cellular parameters of the spleen and titer antierythrocytic antibodies in a direct hemagglutination reaction. Conclusion. Thus, the study of the immunotropic properties of gliproline peptide compounds under experimental hyperthyroidism established the presence of immune-correcting activity in Thr-Lys-Pro-Arg-Pro-Gly-Pro and Pro-Gly-Pro substances.
FALAS DO CORREDOR CARAJÁS: VIOLÊNCIAS E VIOLAÇÕES DE DIREITOS
Authors: Farias Júnior Emmanuel de Almeida , Menezes Elieyd Sousa De , Carvalho Nycolli Vieira De
Published: April 2024

As chamadas tradições orais expressam formas de viver e de fazer, da qual agentes sociais específicos são os responsáveis pela sua guarda e transmissão. Tais tradições anunciam relações sociais, como
ANÁLISE DOS SINAIS E SINTOMAS DO PACIENTE COM SUSPEITA DE INFARTO AGUDO DO MIOCÁRDIO
Authors: Paula Matheus Felipe Augusto de
Published: April 2024

O infarto agudo do miocárdio (IAM) é uma das principais causas de morte global, sendo a mortalidade influenciada pelo diagnóstico e tratamento precoces, que dependem da avaliação do quadro clínico. Qu
EMBOLIA PULMONAR EM PACIENTES COM EXACERBAÇÃO AGUDA DA DOENÇA PULMONAR OBSTRUTIVA CRÔNICA
Authors: MAFFEI SABRINA LORENZATTO , Scariot Vitoria
Published: April 2024

A embolia pulmonar (EP) representa uma complicação séria em pacientes com exacerbação aguda da doença pulmonar obstrutiva crônica (DPOC), aumentando significativamente o risco de morbimortalidade. O d
Complicações relacionadas a internação intensiva prolongada em vítimas de trauma cranioencefálico grave: uma revisão integrativa
Authors: Gomes Tayane Ysla Medeiros , Carneiro Beatriz Aragão Pascoal , Santos Diego Ryan leite
Published: April 2024

Introdução: O trauma cranioencefálico (TCE) grave é causa precursora de aumento da morbimortalidade e limitações no cenário da vítima, uma vez que o processo de recuperação em pacientes acometidos por
ASSISTÊNCIA DE ENFERMAGEM NA EMERGÊNCIA OBSTÉTRICA A UMA PACIENTE PORTATORA DE DIABETES MELLITUS.
Authors: Oliveira Emilly Victória Pereira De
Published: April 2024

A diabetes mellitus gestacional (DMG) é uma doença proveniente da intolerância a glicose de graus variáveis com o diagnóstico durante a gestação. Sua fisiopatologia é explicada pela elevação de hormôn
LESÕES AUDITIVAS POR USO INADEQUADO DE FONES DE OUVIDO E EXPOSIÇÃO PROLONGADA A RUÍDOS INTENSOS.
Authors: Macedo Leandro Costa De , Nascimento Elio Carvalho do , Caldas João Marcos Sousa , Rodrigues José Heider Carvalho
Published: April 2024

Introdução: Segundo a Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS), aproximadamente mais de um bilhão de adolescentes e jovens adultos correm sério risco de perda auditiva devido ao uso inadequado de dispositiv
ASSOCIAÇÃO ENTRE SÍNDROME COMPARTIMENTAL E RISCO AUMENTADO PARA LESÃO RENAL AGUDA: UMA REVISÃO DE LITERATURA
Authors: Kieling Daniel Marchi , Biazi Kelen Lise , Schuh Andressa , Inchauspe Maria Joaquina Bidart
Published: April 2024

Pacientes vítimas de trauma estão sujeitos a diversas complicações. Entre elas, destaca-se a Síndrome Compartimental Abdominal (SCA), definida como o aumento sustentado da Pressão intra-abdominal (PIA
VISITA TÉCNICA A BASE OPERACIONAL DE UMA UNIDADE MÓVEL DE TERAPIA INTENSIVA: RELATO DE EXPERIÊNCIA DE ACADÊMICOS DE MEDICINA
Authors: Silva junior José cloves da , Carvalho Ívine Santos , Santos Marlon Dalbem Venturini , Palácio Maria Augusta Vasconcelos
Published: April 2024

Introdução: A inserção médica, desde a graduação, nos variados âmbitos dos serviços de saúde é fundamental, visto que o conhecimento das condições populacionais, demográficas e de saúde, corroboram pa
COMPLICAÇÕES ASSOCIADAS A SÍNDROME DE ATIVAÇÃO MACROFÁGICA EM DOENÇAS REUMATOLÓGICAS
Authors: Almeida Taynara Emanuella Gomes De , Morais Fernando Soares De , Lima Thaylla Ribeiro
Published: April 2024

Introdução: A Síndrome de Ativação Macrofágica (SAM) é uma complicação rara, mas grave,
relacionada a doenças reumatológicas. Caracterizada por resposta inflamatória sistêmica desregulada,
com ativaçã
ASSISTÊNCIA DE ENFERMAGEM À PESSOA IDOSA NO SETOR DE URGÊNCIA E EMERGÊNCIA
Authors: Oliveira Maria Emília Dantas
Published: April 2024

O envelhecimento humano é um processo universal, e caracteriza-se por uma série de alterações fisiológicas, compreendendo um declínio nas funções orgânicas e mentais. Objetiva-se com o estudo compreen
ABORDAGEM INICIAL AO PACIENTE GRAVE NAS MÚLTIPLAS PERSPECTIVAS DOS PRIMEIROS SOCORROS: UMA REVISÃO NARRATIVA
Authors: Souza Kárita Gabriela Neves de , Marinho Marcilene Fernanda Gomes , Malaquias Andressa , Marinho Giovana Martins , Mesquita Sara de Souza , Siqueira Ian Leôncio Melo , Silva Luan Henrique Duarte Souza da , Almeida Luiz phelipe Augusto De , Pereira Tainara Moreira , Garcia Raphaela Alves Vilela
Published: April 2024

A abordagem inicial do paciente grave visa prevenir perigos iminentes à vida, sendo os Primeiros Socorros cruciais nesse processo. A revisão narrativa examinou artigos científicos de 1999 a 2021, enfo
PANORAMA EPIDEMIOLÓGICO DAS LEISHMANIOSES NO ESTADO DO TOCANTINS, BRASIL.
Authors:   , Rocha. Elielson Evangelista Da , Silva Caroline Sousa e , Silva Ingrid Caroline Pontes da , Silva Rejane Araújo da , Silva Rejane Araújo da
Published: April 2024

As leishmanioses são doenças zoonóticas parasitárias ocasionadas por parasitas do gênero Leishmania intracelulares obrigatórios e transmitidas por meio da picada da fêmea do flebotomíneo, do Gênero Lutzomyia (L. longypalpis), infectadas. A partir da análise dos dados obtidos qualitativamente do Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação-SINAN Net/ DATASUS e Integra Saúde Tocantins, constatou-se que as leishmanioses continuam sendo graves problemas de saúde no Estado do Tocantins, por ter apresentado elevado coeficiente de incidência para leishmanioses no país. Portanto se faz necessária uma maior atenção por parte do poder público para que se possa reduzir sua incidência no território, por se tratar de um problema intrinsecamente relacionado com as condições socioeconômica e socioambientais, tais como: saneamento básico, presença de lixões a céu aberto e falta de conhecimento das medidas de prevenção por parte da sociedade.
LEISHMANIOSE VISCERAL NO CONTEXTO ATUAL: PERFIL EPIDEMIOLÓGICO DOS CASOS EM CRIANÇAS NOTIFICADOS NO HOSPITAL UNIVERSITÁRIO NO NORTE DO TOCANTINS
Authors:   , Rocha. Elielson Evangelista Da
Published: April 2024

A Leishmaniose Visceral (LV) conhecida popularmente como ‘calazar' é uma doença zoonótica, parasitária de evolução crônica e sistêmica que ataca o sistema de defesa. Apresenta ampla distribuição nas áreas tropicais, sobretudo em países subdesenvolvidos acometendo pessoas em situação de vulnerabilidade social. O presente trabalho objetiva traçar perfil epidemiológico dos casos de Leishmaniose Visceral em crianças menores de doze anos notificados no Hospital Universitário no Norte do Tocantins no período de 2020 a 2021. Trata-se de uma pesquisa de caráter documental qualiquantitativa, descritiva e exploratória. Os dados foram obtidos por meio das fichas de notificação do Serviço de Vigilância Epidemiológica e prontuários dos usuários do Hospital de Doenças Tropicais HDT/UFNT. Foram analisadas total de n=212 fichas de notificação para LV no biênio (2020/2021) deste total n=28 foram incluídas, pois abrangia crianças de 0 a 12 anos. Os analisados evidenciam que a LV acomete crianças do sexo masculino (61%), com idade de 0 a 4 anos (71,42%), moradores da zona urbana (78,57%) e do município de Araguaína (28,57%). Os sinais e sintomas predominantes foram: febre (100%) e hepatoesplenomegalia (82,14%). O Glucantime (64,28%) foi a droga de escolha e o concentrado de hemácias (32,14%) como terapia coadjuvante. Maiores alterações laboratoriais foram observadas no hemograma (89,28%) e na análise bioquímica (71,42%). Conclui-se que a leishmaniose visceral permanece como doença infecciosa de grande impacto socioeconômico e ainda representa um sério desafio para a saúde pública acometendo todas as faixas etárias principalmente crianças que apresentam situação de vulnerabilidade socioeconômica.
CRIME ORGANIZADO - A "Òpira dî Pupi" da Mafiocracia Parlamentar
Authors:   , Dias Willyan Sylvio da Cruz Santos
Published: April 2024

As organizações criminosas no mundo e principalmente no Brasil, vem ao longo do tempo
gradativamente, se fortalecendo e infiltrando-se nos poderes constitucionais, corrompendo-o ao
ponto de ameaçar inclusive a soberania do Estado, desta forma, o presente trabalho tem por
escopo realizar uma abordagem sobre as origens, características e o desenvolvimento do crime
organizada, equiparando-o a uma empresa, destarte, o problema que se busca investigar ao
longo desse trabalho é: Como ao longo do tempo consolidou-se uma estrutura tão sólida,
permanente e invasiva de caráter ilícito, adentrando os mais altos poderes de uma nação,
colocando à prova o sistema e sua soberania através de agentes políticos ou não, com uma
organização extremamente semelhante à uma empresa, operando por meio de atividades ilícitas
e outras completamente travestidas de licitude? A hipótese que tenta responder a indagação
levantada é: um Estado inerte e ineficaz na prestação assistencial ao povo, torna-se frágil,
fornecendo brechas para a implantação de um mecanismo autônomo e influenciador, crescendo
no Estado e tornando-se o Estado, as organizações criminosas. Portanto, a metodologia que se
procurou utilizar na resolução deste trabalho se baseou na pesquisa à doutrinadores,
especialistas e estudiosos no tema como Dalmo de Abreu Dallari com seu livro Elementos de
Teoria Geral do Estado; Tobias Jones com a obra The Dark Heart of Italy e, a impulsionadora
Aula Magna de Mario Draghi. “Le mafie a Milano e nel nord: aspetti sociali ed economici”,
bem como também, consultas a internet, jornais e revistas especializados no assunto. Isto posto,
no primeiro capítulo busca-se abordar um breve histórico dos primórdios das organizações
criminosas no mundo e sua composição ao longo dos tempos, conceituando-a e equiparando-a
ao artigo 966 do Código Civil Brasileiro, reservando para o segundo capítulo uma discursão
sobre essas organizações no Brasil, assim como o crime não organizado, analisando seus
“modus operandi” e os remédios do Estado que visam combate-las, e, por fim, no terceiro
capítulo, é discutido a hipótese de extinção da soberania do Estado e seu uso como mera
marionete, abordando casos reais.
DIREITOS DA NATUREZA E EDUCAÇÃO ECOLÓGICA
Authors: Rios Mariza
Published: April 2024

Em comemoração ao primeiro ano de existência, o Grupo de Pesquisa Direitos da Natureza e Educação Ecológica compartilha neste livro uma síntese dos estudos realizados pelos seus três grupos de trabalho a partir da pesquisa sobre as condições para o reconhecimento e a visibilidade dos direitos da natureza no contexto das ciências sociojurídicas e suas implicações práticas na vida da humanidade e da própria natureza.
Visando levar a cabo os estudos, o grupo priorizou três premissas básicas. A primeira é de que a ciência moderna carece de um novo olhar sobre o suporte teórico acerca da relação humanidade e natureza que seja capaz de proteger nosso planeta, a Casa Comum. A segunda é de que é possível pensar em uma nova economia que possa fortalecer os direitos da natureza e da humanidade e, nesse sentido, deram-se os primeiros passos nos estudos sobre o tema. A terceira e última premissa é a de que somente as lutas concretas por reconhecimento de direitos são capazes de vencer a tarefa de repensar os rumos da ciência moderna em direção ao reconhecimento de que condição para sair da catástrofe ambiental está, em primeiro lugar, no reconhecimento da necessidade de mudança de rumos e, em segundo lugar, assumir que essa mudança está conectada ao fortalecimento da harmonia entre humanidade e natureza.
Mariza Rios
Coordenadora do Grupo de Pesquisa
Direitos da Natureza e Educação Ecológica
Prefácio
Authors: Pinto João Batista Moreira
Published: April 2024

A maioria de nós – influenciada por uma formação moderna, esta vinculada a uma racionalidade mais restrita e privilegiando um determinado modelo de desenvolvimento – viveu até aqui sob um modus de vida que negligenciou a correlação fundamental entre a vida humana e a vida do planeta. Esse modelo civilizatório desconsiderou, buscou ocultar ou aniquilar povos e culturas tradicionais como os indígenas e os quilombolas, que vivem e buscam viver em proximidade com a natureza, vinculando a esta suas tradições.
Prólogo
Authors: Botija Fernando González
Published: April 2024

La obra que tengo el orgullo de prologar aborda un tema capital en el Derecho ambiental moderno como es el de la concepción de la que debemos partir cuando hablamos del Derecho ambiental. ¿El medio ambiente debe ser observado como un sujeto o como un objeto?
Se trata sin duda del tema con el que los profesores que impartimos la materia abrimos las explicaciones sobre esta rama del ordenamiento jurídico.
Capítulo 1 – Educação ecozóica e racionalidade ambiental: da cosmologia ao paradigma ecológico, uma jornada ecopedagógica necessária
Authors: Reis Adelaide Pereira , Desmots Clarissa Carneiro , Ferreira Edmilson de Jesus , Andrade Juliana de , Ferreira Marcos Alberto , Oliveira Paulo Vitor Mendes de
Published: April 2024

1. Considerações iniciais; 2. Conhecer o cosmos para compreender-se como cosmos: vislumbres de uma cosmologia da solidariedade cósmica; 3. Ecopedagogia: ensinando a aprender o cosmos; 4. Racionalidade ambiental: o primeiro passo para a substituição da visão antropocêntrica; 5. Considerações finais.
Capítulo 2 – Economia circular: um modelo econômico para a proteção dos direitos da natureza
Authors: Azevedo Caio Cabral , Lehner Hebert Leonardo , Silva Kênia Aparecida Ramos , Fonseca Maria Eduarda Milagres
Published: April 2024

1. Considerações iniciais; 2. Os direitos da natureza como pressupostos para uma nova economia; 3. Pressupostos filosóficos da nova economia: um novo modo de pensar; 4. Economia circular como forma de efetivação dos direitos da natureza; 5. Considerações finais.
Capítulo 3 – A questão ambiental sob a perspectiva decolonial: questões de gênero e raça e contribuições do antirracismo e do ecofeminismo
Authors: Vieira Larissa Lauane Rodrigues , Pinto Luiza Aarestrup Rocha Ferreira
Published: April 2024

1. Considerações iniciais; 2. Ecofeminismo e feminismo decolonial; 3. O negro e a questão ambiental; 4. Considerações finais.
Capítulo 4 – No romper da mineração, panorama das políticas públicas do município de Santa Bárbara frente aos direitos da natureza
Authors: Coelho Meirilane Gonçalves , Araújo Renata Cristina , Oliveira Rafaela Carvalho Coutinho de
Published: April 2024

1. Considerações iniciais; 2. A cidade de Santa Bárbara: conexão com a história, a mineração e o rio Santa Bárbara; 3. Impactos da atividade mineradora: rio Santa Bárbara e o sentimento de pertencimento; 4. Políticas públicas como instrumento de proteção dos rios: os reflexos da mineração sobre as políticas municipais de Santa Bárbara, Minas Gerais; 5. Considerações finais.
Memorial 40 anos do Colégio de Aplicação da Ufac
Authors: Lima Reginâmio Bonifácio de , Bonifácio Maria Iracilda Gomes Cavalcante , Silva Suzana Domingos da , Azevedo Magaly de Mattos , Costa Maria de Fátima Nobre da , Santiago Orlandine Rodrigues , Santos Cleilton França dos , Oliveira Aurio Azevedo de
Published: April 2024

O Colégio de Aplicação da Ufac, criado em 1981, quando da abertura política, em fins do Regime Militar, não deveria ser, a exemplo de outros colégios existentes nas universidades federais, uma “ilha de excelência”. O Colégio foi pensado para atender estudantes de todos os lugares, que teriam seu acesso por sorteio público – e não por exames de seleção, como ocorria nos outros CAps espalhados pelo país.
O Colégio de Aplicação deveria ter a missão de ser laboratório de novos conhecimentos, experimentos e tecnologias de ensino, e mais, se tornar um núcleo de fomento e irradiação do desenvolvimento no Acre, nas mais diversas áreas científicas e tecnológicas, conforme a vocação regional e as potencialidades da terra e das pessoas, por meio de um processo interativo, com as demais escolas públicas existentes. Era uma nova compreensão de excelência, diante das Amazônias, que apresentavam tantos desafios, e de um Brasil “continente”.
Sobre Terras e Gentes
Authors: Lima Reginâmio Bonifácio de
Published: April 2024

Este livro é fruto de dois anos de pesquisa na Pós-Graduação em Cultura, Natureza e Movimentos Sociais na Amazônia, pela UFAC, nele estão contidos os resultados iniciais da pesquisa efetuada na área em que segue o caminho em direção ao antigo Aeroporto, próximo à Secretaria Estadual de Educação. Naquele local, hoje em dia estão formados os quinze bairros que compõem a terceira fase de expansão da cidade de Rio Branco. Nessa localidade moram atualmente mais de 33.908 pessoas, de acordo com o último censo do IBGE.
Muito se ouve falar da Fazenda Sobral, PROBOR II, Aeroporto Guiomard Santos, assassinato de João Eduardo, “quatro bocas”, Palheiral, hospital distrital, mas pouco ou quase nada se tem escrito a respeito.
Este livro tem a pretensão de falar de forma geral, sem generalizações, como se deu o processo expansivo da Capital acreana para aquela área, bem como de que forma os moradores desenvolveram ali, suas identidades, culturas e transformaram a ambiência ocupacional. É certo que nesse primeiro momento nos concentraremos no viés historiográfico social, contudo na continuação dos trabalhos, com a conclusão da segunda parte da pesquisa, desta vez na área de linguagens e identidades, pelo Mestrado em Letras da UFAC, pretendemos dar maior suporte para as relações de memórias, culturas e interações da/na dinâmica social.
Memórias de Velhos
Authors: Lima Reginâmio Bonifácio de
Published: April 2024

Verificamos que, na velhice, a lembrança se torna algo muito fluido, alguns se lembram com riquezas de detalhes e outros não. As recordações também se embaralham, cristalizam, recriam memórias, perde-se a exatidão. Esse trabalho foi pensado tentando compreender esse fluir e refluir das memórias e tentando responder essas perguntas de como as lembranças se formam. Assim, nas problemáticas levantadas buscamos analisar como foram gravadas na memória dos habitantes do Terceiro Eixo o aumento do fluxo migratório, no sentido campo-cidade, na década de 1970 e início da década de 1980. Almejando explicitar, a partir de suas lembranças, de que maneira se produziam as relações e interações sociais entre os habitantes do Terceiro Eixo Ocupacional de Rio Branco; como também levantar como se configuram e se constroem as identidades e a memória cultural nas conjunturas resultantes do processo de transformação ocorrido no local durante o período de formação (1971-1982).
Enhancing number and algebra skills of primary students with learning disabilities or low mathematics achievement through a smartphone application
Authors: Adulyasas Lilla , Puripanyanan Panukorn , Tanomlikhitwong Janjalee
Published: April 2024

Number and algebra are important for learners of all ages. However, mastery of number and algebra skills, especially for children with learning disabilities or low mathematics achievement, are challenging and require their great efforts. This research aimed to develop a smartphone application for learning number and algebra, to investigate the efficiency of the developed application, to determine students’ achievement and improvement in learning number and algebra as well as their satisfaction towards learning through the application. Utilizing two steps of purposive technique, 104 primary school students with learning disabilities or low mathematics achievement in three southernmost provinces of Thailand were recruited to participate in the study. The efficiency of the developed application was determined by the criteria of E1/E2 equal to 80.00/80.00. Data in pre- and post-test were analyzed with t-test to examine a significant improvement after the students learned number and algebra through the smartphone application while the students’ responses in questionnaire were analyzed with descriptive statistics (i.e., mean [M] and standard deviation [SD]) to determine their satisfaction towards learning through the application. Interview sessions were conducted with 10 teachers to gain an insight into how the students enhanced their number and algebra skills. The results showed that the developed application was efficient at 82.32/84.53 as compared with a standard criterion of 80.00/80.00. Moreover, the students’ post-test score was significantly greater than pre-test and greater than 60.00% criterion at the significant level of 0.05. The results also indicated that the application showed positive effects on the students’ improvement in number and algebra skills and their satisfaction towards learning through the application, which was at high level (M=3.97, SD=0.63).
In-vitro comparative study of solvent effect on antioxidant properties of leaf extracts of Anthocleista djalonensis
Authors: Chika C Abba  , Chineze B Nsofor  , Chioma C Udeozor  , Joseph E Orjiakor  , Uchechi K Ajah  , Nnamdi M Adione  , Onyeka C Obidiegwu  , Peter M Eze
Published: April 2024

This study demonstrated that the extraction solvents play an important role in the extraction of important bioactive compounds with antioxidant properties from the leaves of Anthocleista djalonensis. Anthocleista djalonensis, a plant native to tropical Africa, is believed to have antioxidant properties due to its bioactive composition. The powdered leaves were macerated using local gin, hot distilled water, and analytical ethanol to extract bioactive compounds. The in vitro antioxidant activity of these extracts was assessed using 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging assays, nitric oxide scavenging assay, and hydrogen peroxide scavenging assay. Ascorbic acid was used as a reference. The DPPH and hydrogen peroxide scavenging tests showed concentration-dependent responses. Distilled water had the lowest IC50 value of 0.079 mg/ml and showed the most antioxidant potential in DPPH. Local gin demonstrated significant hydrogen peroxide scavenging ability with an IC50 value of 0.12 mg/ml, surpassing the standard drug. The nitric oxide scavenging assay showed a concentration-dependent increase in both ethanol and local gin extracts. Ethanol and local gin extracts showed maximum antioxidant activity, with ethanol extract showing 22.84% inhibition and local gin extract showing a higher activity of 46.29% inhibition. However, ascorbic acid showed the highest inhibition of nitric oxide production at 57.10%. The study highlights the importance of solvent selection in herbal preparation for optimal health benefits regarding antioxidant activity.
Psychological hardiness and optimism: A study among orphans and non-orphans
Authors: Anagha Ravindran M  , Vimala M
Published: April 2024

The present study aims to assess the relationship between psychological hardiness and optimism among orphan and non-orphan adolescents and examines the significant differences among the orphan and non-orphan adolescents based on family setting and gender. The study was carried out, and responses were collected from 200 orphan and non-orphan population. Personal views survey III-R (PVS III-R) and Life Orientation Test-R (LOT-R) scales were used to gather the data. Correlation was employed to study the relationship between psychological hardiness and optimism. Independent sample t-test was used to assess differences within orphan and non-orphan adolescents in psychological hardiness and optimism. The result of the study showed a significant difference between orphan and non-orphan adolescents with regard to both psychological hardiness and optimism and also based on gender. The study’s findings indicated a positive correlation between the psychological hardiness and optimism among non-orphan adolescents. This is helpful in providing supportive environments including peer networks, mentorship, and counseling services, within orphanages on shaping coping mechanisms and future outlooks, with a focus on fostering resilience and optimism among children while addressing gender-specific challenges for psychological well-being.
The relationship between sleep quality and depressive symptoms among young adults of India
Authors: Gerri Satvik Emmanuel  , Lokesh L
Published: April 2024

The study aimed to understand the relationship between Sleep Quality and Depressive symptoms Among Young Adults of India. The data was collected from 310 participants aged between 18 to 27 years through convenience sampling. Sleep quality was assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), while depressive symptoms were measured using the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). The analysis revealed a significant positive correlation (r = 0.661, p < 0.001) between PSQI and BDI scores, indicating a meaningful relationship between sleep quality and depressive symptoms. Individuals with poorer sleep quality tended to report higher levels of depressive symptoms, and vice versa. This finding underscores the bidirectional association between sleep disturbances and depression.
Building and evaluating the performance of a digital data transmission system over a noisy Rician fading channel using a 16-QAM modulator, Hamming source encoding, and BCH channel encoding
Authors: Vuong Thuy Linh  , Le Ngoc Giang  , Tham Quang Duc  , Dang Chi Cong
Published: April 2024

In today's digital age, digital data transmission methods are becoming popular. In a wireless communication environment, interference can cause data loss and distortion. In this paper, the author builds and evaluates the performance of a data transmission system using a noisy Rician fading channel. This system combines the use of 16-QAM modulators, Hamming source coding, and BCH channel coding to improve the reliability of data transmission. The performance evaluation of the system is conducted under different interference conditions. The results show that the proposed system is capable of detecting and correcting errors in transmitted data and has good anti-interference ability.
Religious values, attitudes towards lesbians and gay men, and gender role beliefs among young adults
Authors: Daniel Mathew Thattil  , Sarah Saju Stephen
Published: April 2024

The study aims to examine the relationship and impact of religious values, attitudes towards lesbians and gay men, and gender role beliefs among young adults. A quantitative approach was employed in this study, utilizing self-report inventories to gather data from 300 participants aged 18-25 years in Indian cities. The questionnaires used were the Duke University Religion Index (DUREL), the Attitude towards Lesbian and Gay Men Scale (ATLG), and the Gender Role Beliefs Scale (GRBS). The results indicated that there was a positive correlation between religious values and attitudes towards lesbians and gay men, a negative correlation between religious values and gender role beliefs, and between attitudes towards the lesbian and the gay men and the gender role beliefs. The study also found that there was a gender difference in the distribution of attitudes towards lesbians and gay men and gender role beliefs between males and females but not towards religious values, and a difference in the distribution of attitudes towards lesbians and gay men and gender role beliefs based on education levels but no distribution towards religious values. The findings provide clinicians and mental health professionals with vital information with regards to the influence of religion and gender role beliefs which are important factors to consider when formulating intervention programs for lesbian or gay men.
Exploring the impact of supply chain integration and agility on commodity supply chain performance
Authors: Saeid Dokhanian  , Abolfazl Sodagartojgi  , Kian Tehranian  , Zahra Ahmadirad  , Parisa Khorashadi Moghaddam  , Mahsa Mohsenibeigzadeh
Published: April 2024

The aim of this research was to explore the influence of supply chain integration (SCI) on commodity supply chain performance (SCP) with the mediating role of supply chain agility (SCA). The research methodology employed a correlational approach using structural equation modeling. 131 employees from active companies in the agricultural commodity supply chain (SC) sector in Iran participated in the study. Analysis of the data was carried out utilizing Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) employing SMARTPLS software. The results indicate that customer integration (CI), supplier integration (SI), and internal integration have a positive and significant impact on SCA and commodity SCP. Additionally, the influence of SCA on commodity SCP is positive and significant. SCA plays a positive and significant mediating role in the impact of CI, SI, and internal integration on commodity SCP. Therefore, it can be concluded that companies that possess CI, SI, and internal integration in their commodity SC process demonstrate more satisfactory performance in the commodity SC.
Hydatic spleen cyst: About a case
Authors: Ammari Smail  , Taieb M
Published: April 2024

Introduction: Isolated cystic echinococcosis of the spleen (Splenic hydatid cyst) is extremely rare, ranking third after liver and lung involvement. It represents approximately 5% of all hydatid cyst localizations. Aim: To report a new case of splenic hydatid cyst and conduct a literature review on its pathophysiology, diagnostic circumstances, and therapeutic options. Observation: A 21-year-old male, professionally a student, residing in an urban area with no medical history, presented with left hypochondrial pain of a dragging nature evolving over several days. Abdominal examination revealed a visible and palpable bulge in the left hypochondrium. Ultrasonography, abdominopelvic CT scan, and hydatid serology confirmed the diagnosis of splenic hydatid cyst. Total splenectomy via laparotomy was performed in our patient. The postoperative course was uneventful. Conclusion: Isolated splenic hydatid cyst is rare. Several routes of contamination are possible for the spleen. Diagnosis is often incidental. Treatment remains primarily surgical.
Innovate, educate, and transform: Tailoring sustainable waste handling solutions for Nepal's small populated municipalities – insights from Chandragiri municipality
Authors: Anil Kumar Baral
Published: April 2024

The research introduces a ground-breaking approach to waste management, emphasizing innovation, education, and transformation. Using Chandragiri Municipality as a case study, the study advocates a shift from traditional to progressive waste management strategies, contributing an inventive waste framework, sustainability advocacy, and a transformative blueprint. The waste composition analysis highlights Chandragiri's representative profile, leading to a comprehensive plan addressing challenges and recommending a transition to a profitable waste treatment model, supported by relevant statistics. The data-driven approach incorporates the official data of waste Composition from Chandragiri Municipality as secondary data and incorporates the primary data from Chandragiri households, ensuring a nuanced perspective. Discussions on implementation, viability, and environmental preservation underscore the dual benefit of sustainability. The study includes a comparative analysis, monitoring, and evaluation framework, examining international relevance and collaboration, and conducting a social and environmental impact assessment. The results indicate the necessity for inventive changes in Chandragiri's waste practices, recommending separate treatment centres at the ward level and Municipal level, composting machines, and a centralized waste treatment plant. Educational reforms involve revising school curricula and awareness campaigns. The transformation's success hinges on reducing waste size, efficient treatment centre operation, and ongoing public literacy. The conclusion summarizes key findings, envisioning a future with sustainable waste management practices deeply embedded in the community fabric.
Mediatization and Human-Machine Communication: Trajectories, Discussions, Perspectives
Authors: Hepp Andreas , Bolin Göran , Guzman Andrea , Loosen Wiebke
Published: April 2024

As research fields, mediatization and Human-Machine Communication (HMC) have distinct historical trajectories. While mediatization research is concerned with the fundamental interrelation between the transformation of media and communications and cultural and societal changes, the much younger field of HMC delves into human meaning-making in interactions with machines. However, the recent wave of “deep mediatization,” characterized by an increasing emphasis on general communicative automation and the rise of communicative AI, highlights a shared interest in technology’s role within human interaction. This introductory article examines the trajectories of both fields, demonstrating how mediatization research “zooms out” from overarching questions of societal and cultural transformations, while HMC tends to “zoom in” to approach the concrete situatedness of the interaction between humans and machines. It is argued that we need to combine both perspectives to better understand how the automation of communication transforms the social construction of culture and society. This article offers an overview of the key themes explored in this thematic issue, highlighting the productive intersection of HMC and mediatization within each article. Additionally, it identifies potential avenues for future research emerging from this fruitful intersection.
Smoothing Out Smart Tech’s Rough Edges: Imperfect Automation and the Human Fix
Authors: Katzenbach Christian , Pentzold Christian , Viejo Otero Paloma
Published: April 2024

In this article, we take issue with an idea of autonomous and efficient automation that is upheld through the paradoxical conjunction of a flawed vision of the technological fix and the under-acknowledged human work required to fill in the gaps between machines and users. Our argument is based on two case studies that sit at opposite tails of automation processes: the front end of self-service checkouts and the back end of content moderation. This juxtaposition allows us to surface three themes on how the hype around automation is enabled by human interventions: the ad-hoc sociality in situated practices of automation, the capture of mundane expertise, and the inverted assistance of humans to machines. We argue that this human fix is not a temporary repair of malfunction, but a permanent and constitutive feature of automated systems.
A New Family Member or Just Another Digital Interface? Smart Speakers in the Lives of Families with Young Children
Authors: Mascheroni Giovanna
Published: April 2024

Based on longitudinal qualitative research involving twenty families with at least one child aged eight or younger, the article provides an account of how families, as distinctive communicative figurations, adopt, use and make sense of smart speakers through diverse socially situated practices. Findings show that parents and children enter in a communicative relationship with smart speakers based on their attribution of human-like or machine-like traits to the device, and the device response to their expectations. Moreover, engaging in communicative practices through and with smart speakers, family members subvert or reinforce existing power relations. However, smart speakers acquire new agency by intensifying the datafication and algorithmification of everyday life, thus entailing a shift in power dynamics between humans and machines.
Artificial Sociality
Authors: Natale Simone , Depounti Iliana
Published: April 2024

This article proposes the notion of Artificial Sociality to describe communicative AI technologies that create the impression of social behavior. Existing tools that activate Artificial Sociality include, among others, Large Language Models (LLMs) such as ChatGPT, voice assistants, virtual influencers, socialbots and companion chatbots such as Replika. The article highlights three key issues that are likely to shape present and future debates about these technologies, as well as design practices and regulation efforts: the modelling of human sociality that foregrounds it, the problem of deception and the issue of control from the part of the users. Ethical, social and cultural implications are discussed that are likely to shape future applications and regulation efforts for these technologies.
The Perturbing Mediatization of Voice-based Virtual Assistants: The Case of Alexa
Authors: Fortunati: Leopoldina , Edwards Autumn , Edwards Chad
Published: April 2024

This study examines the role of voice-based assistants (VBAs), specifically Alexa, in the mediatization paradigm framework. The authors hypothesize that emerging technologies such as chatbots and VBAs intensify the process of online meta-reintermediation of news. Three research questions were investigated through a questionnaire administered to 655 university students in the US and Italy: Do participants try to get news from Alexa? Are participants aware that VBAs represent a case of meta-reintermediation of news? Does Alexa contribute to the potential hybridization of news, information, and knowledge? The analysis of 451 open-ended answers showed that only a fraction of participants searches for news and information from Alexa, and most are unaware of the meta-reintermediation process. However, the use of Alexa contributes to the potential hybridization of news, information, and knowledge, making the mediatization process increasingly complex and hard to decipher by users.
Association of Vitamin D Intake in Pregnant Women and Birth Weight
Authors: Rolexza Cindy , Meirina Fathia
Published: April 2024

Background: Insufficient maternal consumption of vitamin D can have adverse effects on fetal development and increase the likelihood of low birth weight. This research aimed to establish the correlation between the quantity of vitamin D consumed by expectant mothers and the weight of newborns. Methods: This study utilized an analytical observational design with a cross-sectional approach, collecting data from August to November 2022. Information on Vitamin D intake and birthweight was obtained via questionnaire interviews with 96 pregnant women delivering at the University of North Sumatera Hospital or Maharani Women’s and Children Hospital. Semi-Food Frequency Questionnaires (FFQs) served as the data collection instrument. Non-probability consecutive sampling was employed. Statistical techniques, including Chi-square and Fisher's Exact test, were used for data analysis. Findings indicated a prevalence of inadequate vitamin D intake among mothers (3.125%). The mean daily consumption of vitamin D among expectant women was 19.99 μg/day. Mother's education level did not significantly influence the outcome (p=0.589). Results: The results of this study suggest that there was no significant association between maternal age at pregnancy (p=0. 135), gestational age (p=0. 771), parity (p=0958), and baby's sex (p=0. 448) with birth weight. Conclusion: An observed association existed between the prenatal intake of vitamin D and neonatal birth weight in expectant mothers.