bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
IMAGE OF MIR SUSE KHUMA: HISTORICAL AND SOCIOCULTURAL PARALLELS
Authors: ЕРШОВ М.Ф.
Published: July 2024

В публикации рассмотрены сведения, которые присутствуют в образах Мир Суснэ хума. Он занимает особенное место в пантеоне обских угров. Историко-этнографическая критика фольклорных источников об этом мифическом персонаже способствует большему пониманию социально-политических процессов в среде жителей уральской и за- падносибирской тайги в дорусскую эпоху. Целью исследования стало выявление и харак- теристика исторических реалий о Мир Сусне хуме. При изучении фольклорных и эпических текстов применён системный анализ для раскры- тия смысловых наслоений в образе Мир Суснэ хума с абстрагированием от той мифической составляющей, которая препятствует реконструкции компонентов подлинного прошлого. Методологической базой выступил комплексный подход с привлечением ряда методов: истори- ческой компаративистики, историко-генетического и сравнительно-типологического анализа. Благодаря рассмотрению мифических обско-угорских богатырей уточнена специфика существования и поведения «верхов» в потестарных обществах. Научная новизна заклю- чена в использовании компаративистского подхода. Он позволил обнаружить родственные черты у военных элит в различных этносах периода политогенеза: отчуждение от ближних родственников, пренебрежение к ценностям родоплеменного общества, а также элементы трикстерства и демонстративная агрессия.

The publication examines the information that is present in the images of Mir Susne Khuma. He occupies a special place in the pantheon of the Ob Ugrians. Historical and ethnographic criticism of folklore sources about this mythical character contributes to a greater understanding of socio-political processes among the inhabitants of the Ural and West Siberian taiga in the pre-Russian era. The purpose of the study was to identify and characterize the historical realities about Mir Susna Khum. When studying folklore and epic texts, systematic analysis was used to reveal the semantic layers in the image of Mir Susne Khuma, abstracting from the mythical component that prevents the reconstruction of the components of the true past. The methodological basis was an integrated approach involving a number of methods: historical comparative studies, historical-genetic and comparative-typological analysis. Thanks to the consideration of the mythical Ob-Ugric heroes, the specifics of the existence and behavior of the “tops” in potestar societies have been clarified. Scientific novelty lies in the use of a comparative approach. It made it possible to discover related traits among military elites in various ethnic groups of the period of political genesis: alienation from close relatives, disregard for the values of tribal society, as well as elements of tricksterism and demonstrative aggression.
SOBRE LA IGUALDAD REAL EN LOS TRIBUNALES AVANCES EN LOS TRIBUNALES SUPERIORES DE JUSTICIA
Authors: Morales Vállez Concepción
Published: July 2024

Pese al tiempo transcurrido desde la consagración constitucional del derecho a la igualdad y no discriminación entre mujeres y hombres y sin dejar de reconocer los avances derivados de la regulación normativa, la realidad de las relaciones laborales está todavía lejos de ofrecer un panorama de verdadero equilibrio y de efectiva igualdad para las mujeres. Al tiempo, la reconversión productiva asociada a las ineludibles exigencias de lucha contra el cambio climático puede provocar nuevas brechas de género.  Ante este panorama, es necesario buscar las explicaciones concretas de esta preterición laboral en aras a corregir este abrupto devenir, adoptando una perspectiva propositiva capaz de introducir mejoras ad futurum.  A tal efecto, se ha llevado a cabo un análisis multifactorial de las circunstancias que inciden en las altas tasas de pobreza femenina y de precariedad laboral, el rostro femenino de los cuidados, la segregación ocupacional, el trabajo informal, el emprendimiento sin red, fórmulas de economía social, la parcialidad y la temporalidad, la siniestralidad laboral, la ordenación sexista de la clasificación profesional, la inexistente promoción vertical, las exigencias de constante disponibilidad, la mera formalidad en la corresponsabilidad, la particular problemática de los territorios rurales, el ecofeminismo o, entre otros, los dobles o triples estigmas que padecen las mujeres que acarrean una discriminación interseccional. Asimismo, se han propuesto vías de avance y buenas prácticas para la erradicación de las discriminaciones múltiples obrantes por razón de sexo y género en el contexto productivo actual apostando por el fomento del empleo de las mujeres en unas condiciones de trabajo dignas.
SALUD LABORAL Y GÉNERO. ESTADO DE LA CUESTIÓN Y PERSPECTIVAS DE FUTURO
Authors: Agra Viforcos Beatriz
Published: July 2024

Pese al tiempo transcurrido desde la consagración constitucional del derecho a la igualdad y no discriminación entre mujeres y hombres y sin dejar de reconocer los avances derivados de la regulación normativa, la realidad de las relaciones laborales está todavía lejos de ofrecer un panorama de verdadero equilibrio y de efectiva igualdad para las mujeres. Al tiempo, la reconversión productiva asociada a las ineludibles exigencias de lucha contra el cambio climático puede provocar nuevas brechas de género.  Ante este panorama, es necesario buscar las explicaciones concretas de esta preterición laboral en aras a corregir este abrupto devenir, adoptando una perspectiva propositiva capaz de introducir mejoras ad futurum.  A tal efecto, se ha llevado a cabo un análisis multifactorial de las circunstancias que inciden en las altas tasas de pobreza femenina y de precariedad laboral, el rostro femenino de los cuidados, la segregación ocupacional, el trabajo informal, el emprendimiento sin red, fórmulas de economía social, la parcialidad y la temporalidad, la siniestralidad laboral, la ordenación sexista de la clasificación profesional, la inexistente promoción vertical, las exigencias de constante disponibilidad, la mera formalidad en la corresponsabilidad, la particular problemática de los territorios rurales, el ecofeminismo o, entre otros, los dobles o triples estigmas que padecen las mujeres que acarrean una discriminación interseccional. Asimismo, se han propuesto vías de avance y buenas prácticas para la erradicación de las discriminaciones múltiples obrantes por razón de sexo y género en el contexto productivo actual apostando por el fomento del empleo de las mujeres en unas condiciones de trabajo dignas.
CREACIÓN Y MANTENIMIENTO DE UN EMPLEO DE CALIDAD Y NEUTRALIDAD CLIMÁTICA EN DE LOS TERRITORIOS DESPOBLADOS A TRAVÉS DEL TURISMO RURAL
Authors: Fernández-Costales Muñiz Javier
Published: July 2024

Los efectos que conllevan las herramientas de lucha contra el cambio climático hacen insoslayable apostar por una transición equitativa hacia economías verdes, lo cual exige integrar los objetivos climáticos con políticas sociales y económicas destinadas a reducir la vulnerabilidad, apoyar a los afectados por el cambio climático y crear empleos dignos. Por tal razón, la transición justa pretendida ha de tutelar la innovación de las distintas actividades, poner en valor aquellas ocupaciones calificadas como esenciales asociadas a los empleos denominados verdes y apostar por la inversión en la reconversión organizativa de los ámbitos funcionales clásicos. Bajo tales premisas, una transición hacia la economía verde constituye una oportunidad no sólo para introducir cambios en los procesos productivos de las industrias más tradicionales capaces de mejorar la competitividad empresarial y las posibilidades de negocio, sino para la creación de nuevos puestos de trabajo en ámbitos emergentes sostenibles desde el punto de vista de la neutralidad climática. Tales fenómenos contribuirán no sólo a la mejora del medio ambiente sino también a la dignificación y seguridad en las condiciones de trabajo, fomentando, a la postre, la ansiada cohesión social interterritorial, a través del impulso de actividades variadas, tal y como sucede con el sector de energías renovables, reciclaje, tratamiento de residuos y reutilización, automoción y transporte sostenible, agricultura, ganadería y pesca, industria química o construcción de edificios ecológicos y regeneración de los existentes.
EMPLEO DE CALIDAD EN LOS SECTORES DE ECONOMÍA VERDE: TRANSPORTE Y MOVILIDAD E INDUSTRIA AUTOMOTRIZ
Authors: Martínez Barroso María de los Reyes
Published: July 2024

Los efectos que conllevan las herramientas de lucha contra el cambio climático hacen insoslayable apostar por una transición equitativa hacia economías verdes, lo cual exige integrar los objetivos climáticos con políticas sociales y económicas destinadas a reducir la vulnerabilidad, apoyar a los afectados por el cambio climático y crear empleos dignos. Por tal razón, la transición justa pretendida ha de tutelar la innovación de las distintas actividades, poner en valor aquellas ocupaciones calificadas como esenciales asociadas a los empleos denominados verdes y apostar por la inversión en la reconversión organizativa de los ámbitos funcionales clásicos. Bajo tales premisas, una transición hacia la economía verde constituye una oportunidad no sólo para introducir cambios en los procesos productivos de las industrias más tradicionales capaces de mejorar la competitividad empresarial y las posibilidades de negocio, sino para la creación de nuevos puestos de trabajo en ámbitos emergentes sostenibles desde el punto de vista de la neutralidad climática. Tales fenómenos contribuirán no sólo a la mejora del medio ambiente sino también a la dignificación y seguridad en las condiciones de trabajo, fomentando, a la postre, la ansiada cohesión social interterritorial, a través del impulso de actividades variadas, tal y como sucede con el sector de energías renovables, reciclaje, tratamiento de residuos y reutilización, automoción y transporte sostenible, agricultura, ganadería y pesca, industria química o construcción de edificios ecológicos y regeneración de los existentes.
Interpersonal and environmental microaggressions & depression: Thai LGBQ+ perspectives
Authors: Yodlorchai Rapinpat , Suttiwan Panrapee , Walch Susan E. , Ngamake Sakkaphat
Published: July 2024

Microaggressions, which are subtle verbal and non-verbal insults or denigrations, have been identified as prevalent experiences among LGBQ+ populations, often resulting in adverse mental health outcomes. In the Thai context, little research has explored the impact of both types of microaggressions on depression among LGBQ+ individuals. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between interpersonal (INMG) and environmental microaggressions (ENMG) and depressive symptoms among Thai LGBQ+ individuals. A sample of 307 Thai LGBQ+ participants was surveyed using the Thai Sexual Orientation Microaggressions Scale and the PHQ-9 for depressive symptoms. Hierarchical regression analyses were employed to determine the unique effects of interpersonal and environmental microaggressions on depression, controlling for sociodemographic variables and internalized heterosexism (IHP). Both INMG (β = .172, p = 0.008) and ENMG (β = .173, p = 0.007) were significant predictors of depressive symptoms, accounting for approximately 24.2% of the variance. When introduced into the model, they accounted for a significant ΔR2 of 0.079 (p < 0.001). After controlling for sociodemographics and IHP, these microaggressions contributed significantly to the explanation of depressive symptoms, emphasizing their key role in influencing the mental health of LGBQ+ individuals in Thailand. Interpersonal and environmental microaggressions impose unique mental health challenges on Thai LGBQ+ individuals. These findings accentuate the pressing need for interventions tailored to the cultural and regional contexts within Thailand. Furthermore, the research underscores the importance of acquiring a holistic understanding of the LGBQ+ experience, advocating for a more systematic exploration across Thailand's varied geographical landscapes to offer comprehensive solutions.
The Importance of Higher and Vocational Education for Students' Future at Kendari City High School
Authors: Badia Bahdin , Putra Muhammad Idris , Fathur Rachim La Ode Muhamad , Rahman La , Darwis Mardis , Putra Fachrizal Cesar , Larobu Feliks Eldad , Rambak Ezra Pasereng , Gamsir Laode Abdul , Defy Sry Defi , Fatana Ahmad , Jalil Abdul , Makkajareng Nizar Fauzan , Aji Angga Asteriasti , Hasudungan Simanjutak Raja Agung
Published: July 2024

Vocational higher education plays an important role in providing a skilled and work-ready workforce. However, in Kendari City there is still an information gap regarding vocational higher education and career opportunities for graduates. This community service activity aims to introduce vocational higher education and disseminate information on new student admissions in 2024 in high schools in Kendari City. The methods used include presentations, discussions, and brochure distribution. The evaluation of the activity showed an increased understanding of vocational education, as well as an increased interest in pursuing it. The brochures provided were considered informative by the participants. This activity succeeded in increasing high school students' understanding and interest in vocational higher education, as well as providing clear information about the 2024 new student admissions. Results showed a 75% increase in understanding and 60% increase in interest in vocational education. As many as 90% of participants rated the brochure as very informative. It is expected that this activity will have an impact on increasing the number of applicants in vocational study programs and providing a better skilled workforce for industries in Kendari City.
Survival and growth performance of sub-adult sandfish Holothuria scabra (Jaeger, 1833) in tanks with different supplemental feeds
Authors: Sumbe Alexis , Jontila Jean Beth , Sevida Precious , Bongabong Lorelie , Ramirez Ronalyn , Creencia Lota
Published: July 2024

Sandfish (Holothuria scabra Jaeger, 1833) is one of the most valuable sea cucumbers in local and international markets. Although listed as an endangered species, it is among the regularly harvested marine resources in Palawan, Philippines. To continue the trade of sandfish without harvesting from the wild, this study initially ventured into producing seed stocks. However, broodstocks were scarce, only sub-adults were available, and they needed to grow into broodstocks. This study evaluated the survival and growth performance of sub-adult sandfish when fed with soya bean powder (Treatment 1/T1), rice bran (Treatment 2/T2), and powdered seagrass leaves (Treatment 3/T3). Each treatment and control (no supplemental feeding) had three replicates with three sandfish having 59.55 ± 10.24 g mean weight and 9.74 ± 0.98 cm mean length. The samples were cultured in aerated plastic tanks (63.5 cm × 45.72 cm × 35.56 cm) with a 10 cm layer of sandy-muddy sediment filled with 40 L seawater, which was changed twice a day. Results showed 100% survival in T3 and control, 66% in T1, and 0% in T2. The mean weight and length were stable in the first two weeks of culture in all treatments and control, but the latter declined during the 3rd and 4th weeks of culture (P < 0.05). Such was attributed to the drop in salinity during the 3rd week. Nevertheless, seagrass powder and soya beans appeared to help maintain the growth and tolerance to stress of sub-adult sandfish while unprocessed rice bran was detrimental to the health of sub-adult sandfish and caused mortality before the end of the culture period.
A multifractal model for cognitive radio networks
Authors: Miguel Luis , Igor Hans , Augusto César
Published: July 2024

The inefficient and sporadic use of the spectrum, along with the increase of such use, have downgraded the quality of service in various networks and wireless applications, such as cellphone network. This situation has motivated the development of recent researches that have found in the cognitive radio a possible solution to the problem. According to the current research projects the prediction of spectral occupancy is a key feature to enable the continuous data transmission from the secondary user, since it could reduce the number of channel changes during the transmission of a secondary user as well as its latency, minimizing the channels downgrade. The problem is then summarized in: how could the secondary users communication performance be improved without downgrading the quality of service of the primary users link? This work proposes develop a multi-fractal wavelet model that can predict the spectral occupancy with a high level of accuracy in order to maximize the transmission time without causing an interference to the PU, combined with a collaborative algorithm that finds the best combination of spectral opportunities that reduces the number of handoffs made to complete the SUs data transmission.
CONDUTA DO ESPECIALISTA EM ENDODONTIA FRENTE AO RETRATAMENTO ENDODÔNTICO
Authors: Travassos Rosana , Cardoso Maria , Menezes Maria , Almeida Andressa , de Melo Júnior Paulo , Valones Marcela , Chaves Adriane , de Araújo Vanessa , Barroso Leonardo , Nunes Adriana , Cordeiro Renata
Published: July 2024

Failure cases represent a significant percentage within endodontic practice. It is then necessary, in most cases, to carry out endodontic retreatment, which requires the search for a quick, safe and efficient technique. The objective of this study was to analyze the clinical conduct of the Endodontic Specialist in relation to endodontic retreatment through the completion of a questionnaire. To this end, 40 dental surgeons specializing in Endodontics, registered with CRO-PE, were selected. The results demonstrated that 97.5% of those surveyed indicated retreatment in the presence of a periapical lesion with symptoms, 50% in the absence of a periapical lesion with symptoms. Both in root canals treated endodontically and exposed to the oral environment for 30 days (75%) and in canals exposed for 40 days (82.5%) Specialists recommended retreatment in teeth that required a restoration with the presence of an intra-radicular post. 90%. Still in relation to how they use the Association of K, H and Gates-glidden files. The most used solvent was Eucalyptol (62.5%), followed by orange peel oil (55%), Xylol (7. 5%) and chloroform (7.5%). 5% do not use any solvent. 56.4% of those surveyed introduce the solvent up to the middle third in cases of overfilling of the root canal. 62.5% of those surveyed recommend a limit for canal preparation and filling of 1mm below the radiographic vertex. Using foraminal patency in 97.5% of cases. The most used irrigating solution was Chlorinated Soda (60%), followed by labarraque solution (25.0%), Dankin's liquid (17.5%) and saline solution (7.5%). 97.5% stated that they performed retreatment in two sessions and in these cases they used Callen (45.0%) and Callen associated with PMCC (42.5%) as intra-canal medication. The products tricresol formalin, calcium hydroxide P.A and formocresol were mentioned respectively by 15.0%, 12.5% ​​and 5.0%, 80% of those surveyed responded that in cases of flare-up they would not leave the tooth open to the oral environment . And 20% responded that they would leave it. Still in relation to flare-up, the intra-canal medication of choice when not leaving the canal open to the mouth was Callen (37.5%), followed by tricresol formalin (31.1%), callen + PMCC (25% ), calcium hydroxide P.A. (9.4%) and formocresol (3.1%). The drug of choice in cases of acute endodontic treatment was Amoxicillin associated with Clavulanate (92.5%).
INSOLVENCY AND BANKRUPTCY CODE:FINANCIAL DEATH, AND POSSIBLE RESUSCITATION OF PANDEMIC AFFECTED WORKMEN
Authors: Mohan Aaryan
Published: July 2024

The Indian Insolvency Regime exhibits characteristics more suited to a pubescent teen, in as much as it is frequently amended, and made to consciously clarify its constitution even on account of any specific activity that might disturb the originally intended objectives of its being.1 The birth, and constant evolution of the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code (2016) (“the code”) to better govern the economic needs of a developing nation, is in accordance with the trial, and error procedure with respect to economic legislation, as practiced by the Indian legislature, and validated by the judiciary
THE LAW AND ECONOMICS OF FORCE MAJEURE LITIGATION: THE CASE OF COVID-19
Authors: Singh Ram
Published: July 2024

In the aftermath of the Covid-19, the world is witnessing a flurry of disputes over contractual performances and compensation claims for injuries with India being no exception. The pandemic has forced companies and firms to suspend their promised supply of goods or services, triggering legal demands of compensation from the counterparties in the contract. Many employers have held back on the promised wages, debtors have suspended servicing their debts, and insurance companies have refused to compensate claimants for the business income losses. In many of the disputes triggered by Covid-19, one or the other contracting party has invoked the pandemic as ‘force-majeure’, or an event that has frustrated the contact. In many other disputes, the suppliers have argued that the disease has made contractual performance an economic impossibility. That is, the pandemic has increased the cost of contractual performance to a level that they cannot afford.
AN ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF THE SPREAD OF FAKE NEWS
Authors: MV Anagha
Published: July 2024

In an information rich world, a wealth of information necessarily implies a dearth of what information consumes i.e., the attention of its recipients. This has given rise to the attention economy, and has had the unintended side effect of making the spread of disinformation and fake news profitable for its creators. The socially undesirable consequences arising out of disinformation are externalities which cause transactions of fake news to be less than Pareto efficient. However, acting in a purely self-interested manner, individuals will always choose to transact in fake news since they do not directly bear the costs of these externalities. An intervention in the market is thus warranted to internalise the externalities and make the transaction socially efficient. This paper seeks to examine the way in which fake news operates within the attention economy and suggest possible policy interventions on the part of the government to reduce the negative effect of these externalities.
MEASURING THE ECONOMIC VALUE OF WOMEN’S HOUSEHOLD WORK
Authors: Thakare Shruti , Shivhare Kanan
Published: July 2024

The “unpaid household work” as recognized by the society is often not considered to be a productive activity or a work having an economic value attached to it. However, Unpaid domestic work is indeed an important and an indispensable factor which contributes not only to the smooth functioning of a household, but also to the economy. The conventional economy often fails to recognize this aspect of work where women stand hidden and unacknowledged. This type of work was termed as the ‘Economy of Care’ by Elson (1995) Understanding the nature of their unpaid employment is critical, since it has a substantial influence on their economic participation rate. Due to several factors like the stereotypical gender roles, social and religious constraints, the patriarchal set up of the society and the low opportunities for women in the market, women often end up engaging in unpaid domestic work. Therefore, a broader context of household, state, market, and activity should be seen through a macro lens in order to accelerate women’s status in the economy. Women are put under the shadow of invisibility because of their predominance in household work, hence keeping them from the purview of ‘economic activities’ and outside the production boundaries and economic policies of the country. Consequently, such ignorance of their contribution to economic activity, growth and well-being creates serious macroeconomic consequences. This study project aims to address the repercussions of portraying hard working Indian women as economically ineffective and undervalued in their domestic duties. In addition, the aim of this research paper is to recognize the scope and elements that impact Indian women's status as unpaid houseworkers
Impact of Age, Sex, and Cardiovascular Disease in Mortality in COVID-19 at the Medical City
Authors: Olazo Raymond G , Cuenza Lucky
Published: July 2024

INTRODUCTION: COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019), which is caused by the human severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-COV-2), has reached a pandemic level. As a novel disease, local epidemiologic data are important to determine high-risk age groups, as well as risk factors that contribute to mortality. This study is a retrospective cohort study of 182 COVID-19–positive patients confirmed by real-time polymerase chain reaction. Baseline demographics and data on the preexisting cardiovascular comorbidities of 182 COVID-19 patients were collected by chart review and underwent statistical analysis using STATA 14 software (StataCorp, College Station, Texas). In the study, the majority of COVID-19 patients were 61 years or older (44.5%), with a higher prevalence of individuals 61 years or older among those who died (68.4%) compared with survivors (38.2%) (P = 0.005). In terms of gender, half of the patients were male (57.7%). In terms of cardiovascular disease, the most prevalent was hypertension (48.3%), followed by diabetes (28.0%). The prevalence of coronary artery disease (CAD) was significantly higher among patients who died (15.8%) compared with survivors (2.8%) (P = 0.022). In the univariate logistic regression analysis, older age was significantly associated with increased odds for mortality (odds ratio, 1.06; 95% confidence interval, 1.03–1.09). In terms of comorbidities, having CAD was significantly associated with increased odds for mortality (odds ratio, 6.6; 95% confidence interval, 1.7–24.6). Other variables were not significantly associated with mortality. In our study, advanced age and the presence of underlying CAD have been associated with an increased risk of in-hospital mortality among COVID-19 patients.

KEYWORDS: age, cardiovascular disease, COVID-19, mortality, sex
Diagnostic Performance of Electrocardiographic Criteria Compared With Echocardiographic Diagnosis of Left Ventricular Hypertrophy in Patients at the Outpatient Department
Authors: Marquez Mary Grace A , Rosita Romulo Rommel
Published: July 2024

INTRODUCTION: Several electrocardiographic (ECG) criteria have previously been suggested to diagnose left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH). Studies on diagnostic performance of each criterion in Asian population were limited and this study was done to determine the diagnostic performance of the six different ECG criteria, including the newly developed Peguero–Lo Presti criterion, in diagnosing LVH in Filipino patients.

METHODOLOGY: A single-center retrospective cohort study was conducted. The comparison of ECG to echocardiographic diagnosis of LVH was assessed by Spearman ρ correlation. The area under the curve analysis was used to evaluate discrimination ability of ECG-LVH criteria to identify echocardiography-LVH. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and accuracy of the six criteria were described with 95% confidence interval, with P < 0.05 considered statistically significant.

RESULTS: A total of 325 patients were included in the final analysis; 56.61% had LVH, 23.07% of which were both ECG-based and echocardiography-based LVH. The Peguero–Lo Presti criterion had the highest sensitivity (53.1%), a lower specificity (75.5%), and a lower accuracy (68.6%), compared with the other criteria. Sokolow-Lyon index had highest specificity (97.2%) and positive predictive value (75.0%). Cornell voltage had relatively better discriminative performance (area under the curve, 0.73).

CONCLUSION: Having a higher sensitivity, the Peguero–Lo Presti criterion can be used as a screening tool for LVH more than the Sokolow-Lyon and Cornell voltage. Cornell voltage criterion has higher correlation with left ventricular mass index and better discriminative ability for the detection of LVH. Further studies with the possibility of combining different ECG criteria are suggested to increase the sensitivity of the ECG criteria.

KEYWORDS: Cornell voltage, electrocardiographic LVH criteria, left ventricular mass index, Peguero–Lo Presti criteria, Sokolow-Lyon voltage
Effectiveness of Thiamine Supplementation Plus Optimal Medical Therapy as an Adjunct Treatment in Improving Cardiac Function Among Patients With Heart Failure With Reduced Ejection Fraction: A Meta analysis
Authors: Rances Oliver T , Mendoza Jeffrey P , Tagayuna Rafael A
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND: Thiamine plays a crucial role for normal cardiac function, as severe vitamin B1 (thiamine) deficiency leads to congestive heart failure. Thus, patients undergoing diuretic treatment might have compromised heart function. Several small-scale studies were conducted with conflicting results”. 

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to determine the effects of thiamine supplementation on cardiac function among patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction receiving optimal medical therapy versus optimum medical therapy alone. 

DESIGN: This was a meta-analysis of randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials. 

METHODS: Studies for inclusion were searched using PubMed, Google Scholar, Cochrane, EMBASE, and other databases. Gray literature was also explored. Review Manager version 5.3 was used to analyze data. The mean difference and 95% confidence interval were estimated using random-effects model. χ2 and I2 were computed to assess heterogeneity. 

RESULTS: After the analysis of the combined effects of five studies with 218 subjects, the pooled results showed no significant effect on the left ventricular ejection fraction in heart failure patients when given thiamine supplementation with a P value of 0.04. 

CONCLUSION: Based on this limited group of studies, there is insufficient information to suggest that thiamine supplementation has a positive effect on left ventricular ejection fraction in heart failure patients. Further large-scale clinical trials are needed to determine the optimum dose, duration, and route of thiamine in patients with heart failure. 

KEYWORDS: thiamine supplementation, vitamin B, heart failure, HFrEF, reduced ejection fraction
Efficacy and Safety of Sacubitril/Valsartan in Adverse Cardiovascular Event Reduction and Hypertension Control Among Asians: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Cruz Patrick Vera , Ang Wisdom , Calatrava Jose Bernardo
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND: Sacubitril/valsartan is currently a standard medication in the treatment of reduced ejection fraction heart failure (HFrEF), and studies have also shown its efficacy for controlling hypertension. However, its efficacy varies between populations, and current recommendations are predominantly based on non-Asian data. Hence, this study synthesizes the available evidence to determine its overall efficacy and safety among Asians.

METHODS: A systematic search through PubMed, ScienceDirect, Cochrane, HERDIN PLUS, and ClinicalTrials.gov was done to include randomized controlled trials with Asian data comparing sacubitril/valsartan against an active control. The Cochrane Risk of Bias 2.0 was used to assess each article for bias. Forest plots in fixed-effects model for major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs), hypertension control, and safety were created using RevMan 5.4.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: Ten articles with an overall low risk of bias were included involving 6120 Asians. Sacubitril/valsartan showed better hypertension control against conventional angiotensin blocker (odds ratio [OR], 1.63; confidence interval [CI], 1.38–1.92; I2 = 7%). However, MACE reduction was not significant in HFrEF (hazard ratio, 0.89; CI, 0.73– 1.08; I2 = 0%) or acute myocardial infarction (hazard ratio, 0.90; CI, 0.65–1.24; I2 = 0%). Safety was comparable to conventional angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors/angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) with a severe adverse event OR of 0.81 (CI, 0.44–1.50; I2 = 38%) and nonsevere adverse event OR of 1.09 (CI, 0.88–1.35; I2 = 44%). These results implicate the need for efficacy studies focused on Asians, reassessment of the strength of recommendations in the treatment of heart failure, and consideration of sacubitril/valsartan as a treatment option for hypertension.

CONCLUSION: Among Asians, better hypertension control is seen with LCZ696 than conventional ARB. However, MACE reduction in HFrEF or acute myocardial infarction is insignificant, although there is a trend toward benefit. Finally, safety is comparable to conventional angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors/ARBs.

KEYWORDS: acute myocardial infarction, Asians, heart failure, hypertension, LCZ696, sacubitril/ valsartan
Echocardiographic Midterm and Long-term Outcomes After Arterial Switch Operation for d-Transposition of the Great Arteries: A Single-Institution Experience
Authors: Paulino-Canto Ceres , Ballelos Pacita Jay Lopez
Published: July 2024

INTRODUCTION: Arterial switch operation is the preferred surgical management for  d-transposition of the great arteries, but it still has long-term complications, which necessitate  continued follow-up of patients. This procedure was first performed in this institution in 1991,  and after three decades, there is a need to evaluate midterm and long-term outcomes in this population. 

METHODS: This is a descriptive study on arterial switch operation patients between January  2010 and March 2019 in this institution. The following parameters were collected through review  of charts and online health records (Medtrack): preoperative clinical data, surgical technique  and immediate postoperative course and complications, echocardiographic results, and current  clinical status. The study was approved by the institutional ethics review board of the hospital. 

RESULTS: Among the 108 patients included in the study, 35 were long-term patients, and 73  were midterm. A total of 27 patients (25%) were lost to follow-up. Among the remaining patients  (n = 81), 76 (94%) were alive. The most common postoperative complications were pulmonary  stenosis (n = 11), aortic regurgitation (n = 24), and aortic dilatation (n = 2). One patient had  reintervention after surgery for severe pulmonic stenosis. Overall survival function was 93.7%  after 5 years (95% confidence interval, 0.81–0.98) and 79.4% after 9 years (95% confidence  interval, 0.46–0.93). 

CONCLUSION: Complications seen in this population are similar to those seen in literature. The  overall survival rate after 5 years compares to those of other institutions. However, long-term  survival rates were lower, which may be due to poor patient follow-up and a high rate of patient  attrition over time. To improve future outcomes, strategies should be implemented to promote  continuity of care, and parents should be advised regarding the importance of follow-up. 

KEYWORDS: arterial switch operation, d-TGA, echocardiography, midterm complications, long term complications, survival rate
Association of Right Ventricular–to–Left Ventricular Diameter Ratio at End-Systole With Outcomes in Children Who Underwent Repair of Tetralogy of Fallot
Authors: Zamora-Java Joanna E , Mappala Virginia C , Balderas Jhuliet J
Published: July 2024

RATIONALE: Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) is a right-sided dominant cardiac lesion with a stenotic right ventricular (RV) outflow tract and hypertrophied RV, which could result in septal shift and RV dilation. This study evaluated the RV/left ventricular (LV) diameter ratio at end-systole in association with clinical outcomes in children who underwent repair of TOF. The main aim of this study was to determine the association of RV/LV diameter ratio at end-systole with the outcomes of TOF repair. The specific objectives were to determine whether the preoperative (demographic and echocardiographic data) parameters were associated with the clinical outcomes of TOF repair and to determine whether the intraoperative (cardiopulmonary bypass time and aortic cross-clamp time) parameters were associated with the clinical outcomes of TOF repair. 

METHODOLOGY: This prospective cohort single-center study enrolled 112 TOF patients aged 1 to 18 years admitted for surgical repair. The RV/LV ratio was measured using echocardiography preoperatively, indexed to patient’s weight and body surface area, and associated with its postoperative cardiac complications using logistic regression analysis. 

RESULTS: Cumulative incidence of cardiopulmonary complications was at 28.7% (32 of 112). Reperfusion lung injury had the most cases (11.6%), followed by low cardiac output syndrome (9.8%) and postpericardiotomy syndrome (5.4%). Both RV and LV diameters, indexed to patient’s weight and body surface area, (P = 0.0051, P < 0.001), RV/LV ratio (P < 0.001), and LV end diastolic size with z scores (P < 0.001), showed statistically significant results. Increase in RV/LV ratio is associated with adverse postoperative clinical outcomes in pediatric patients who underwent repair of TOF (P < 0.001). Significant preoperative parameter showed that stunting is associated with complications postoperatively (P = 0.017), whereas for the intraoperative parameters, prolonged cardiopulmonary bypass time and aortic cross-clamp time were also associated with postoperative complications. 

CONCLUSION: The increased value of RV/LV end-systolic diameter ratio at 1.63 (±0.256), which incorporates both pathologic septal shift and RV dilation, is associated with higher incidence of postoperative cardiac complications among patients with tetralogy of Fallot.
Outcomes of Aortic Regurgitation After Percutaneous Transmitral Commissurotomy: Prospective Cohort
Authors: Toledano Bryan Rene F , Bacalso Lilian Ville , Jaluage-Villanueva Maria Johanna , Lacson Sharon Marisse
Published: July 2024

PURPOSE: The combined mitral stenosis (MS) and aortic regurgitation (AR) impose opposite  loading conditions on the left ventricle. Physiologically, the relief of MS may increase the severity  of AR. 

METHODS: Participants were Filipinos 19 years or older, admitted because of severe MS with  mild to moderate AR. The outcome of percutaneous transmitral commissurotomy (PTMC) was  divided into two groups: (1) significant AR that included the increase in severity of AR: mild to moderate/severe or moderate to severe AR, and (2) the insignificant AR group, which included  any decrease in the severity of AR: moderate to mild or persistence of mild or moderate AR.  These groups were compared from baseline, 24 hours, 1 month, and 6 months using the same  echocardiographic parameters. The numerical data between significant and insignificant tricuspid  regurgitation were compared using nonparametric Mann-Whitney U test and categorical data  using the χ2 test. 

RESULTS: A total of 43 participants were analyzed. At 24 hours post-PTMC, the significant AR  group had significantly lower left ventricular end-diastolic dimension (3.83 vs 4.5, P = 0.008), left  ventricular end-systolic dimension (2.33 vs 2.97, P = 0.017), right ventricular fraction area change  (38.6 vs 48.7, P = 0.025), and left ventricular outflow tract (1.66 vs 2.02, P = 0.020) and higher  systolic pulmonary arterial pressure (57 vs 32.4, P = 0.008). At 1 and 6 months, there were no  significant differences in echocardiographic parameters between the significant and insignificant  AR groups’ left ventricular end-diastolic dimension (4.58 vs 4.5, 4.64 vs 4.57), left ventricular  end-systolic dimension (3.1 vs 2.9, 2.9 vs 2.91), and systolic pulmonary arterial pressure (28  vs 34.7, 33.8 vs 32.4). Those with significant AR had a higher mean Wilkin score (mean, 10;  P = 0.007) and subvalvular thickening (mean, 2.6; P = 0.005). 

CONCLUSION: On short-term follow-up, the presence of mild to moderate AR before PTMC  does not lead to severe AR. The outcomes regardless of the group showed a good functional  class and no significant echocardiographic differences when compared. 

KEYWORDS: rheumatic heart disease, mitral stenosis, percutaneous transmitral  commissurotomy
Correlation of NT-proBNP and Echocardiographic Parameters in Patients with Heart Failure with Preserved Left Ventricular Systolic Function
Authors: Catungal Shailyn C , Gallardo Elaine L
Published: July 2024

OBJECTIVE: Natriuretic peptides are increasingly used in clinical practice to diagnose  myocardial dysfunction in heart failure (HF) with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). Recent studies indicate that plasma brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) may have a role in the diagnosis and management of HF. However, there is marked heterogeneity in BNP levels among subjects with HFpEF, which is only partially explained by differences in left ventricular (LV) dimensions  or systolic function. This study aims to investigate if N-terminal proBNP (NT-proBNP) can be a useful tool to guide management in patients with HFpEF when echocardiography is not easily accessible. 

MATERIALS AND METHODS: N-terminal proBNP in patients admitted in Chong Hua Hospital from July 2019 to July 2020 was collected from the hospital laboratory. Data of patients with HF symptoms with preserved LV systolic function and other echocardiographic parameters were collected from the hospital records. The correlation between the different echocardiographic parameters and NT-proBNP was determined. 

RESULTS: The NT-proBNP levels increased significantly in HFpEF as the values of left atrial volume index (P <0.001), E/A ratio (P = 0.042), E/e′ (P <0.001), and tricuspid regurgitation velocity (P <0.001) increased. The mean NT-proBNP level was 5588 pg/mL. Highest levels were seen predominantly in diastolic dysfunction grade II. 

CONCLUSION: Our findings indicate that NT-proBNP is positively correlated to echocardiographic parameters, namely, left atrial volume index, E/A ratio, E/e′, and tricuspid regurgitation velocity in patients with preserved LV systolic function.
Fighting the Unseen Enemies
Authors: Ramirez Marcellus Francis L
Published: July 2024

Some of the greatest stories are born of crisis. And sometimes it is during these worst of times when we see the best of people and institutions emerge.

In this last one and a half year, the CoVid-19 pandemic wreaked a significant impact to the way we live. Unprecedented, unpredicted, unforeseen, and unseen, this was the defining public health crisis of our time.

The Philippine Journal of Cardiology also begins the first phase of its digital transformation as we work towards transition to a hybrid print and electronic open access journal, and hopefully getting indexed in global databases, as it looks forward to its 50th anniversary in 2022, simultaneous with the 70th year commemoration of the PHA.
The Stonecutter
Authors: Ramirez Marcellus Francis L
Published: July 2024

This “Stonecutter’s Credo” serves as a philosophy about perseverance and persistence in our work. A stonecutter works for hours or days cutting down hard stones into desired shapes.
The Effectiveness Of Reading Aloud To Improve Students’ Reading Comprehension
Authors: Yuliani Novi Dwi , Raudah Siti , Apriliani Halimah
Published: July 2024

At the junior high school level, English is a compulsory subject. Currently, there are many learning methods and media in teaching English, such as media images, slides, videos, etc. However, most teachers still use media in the form of text or reading. There are several techniques that can be used in reading skills, in this study the researcher focused on the 'reading aloud technique' as a teaching method to improve reading comprehension. This research was conducted on class VIII students of MTsN Al-Ikhwan Banjarmasin with a sample of 20 students who were divided into 2 classes, namely control and experimental classes. The test is carried out using multiple choice text. The study took place in 5 meetings with details: 1 pre-test and post-test for the experimental and control classes, 3 treatments using the reading aloud technique in the experimental class. The results of the study were processed using a quantitative approach, the following results were obtained: Average pretest value for the control class: 80, average posttest: 50. Meanwhile in the experimental class, average pretest: 70 and average posttest score: 75 Based on the results this average, it can be stated that the Reading Aloud technique is effective.
Exploring Ethnomathematics at South Kalimantan NU University's As-Su'ada Campus Mosque, based on Geometry Perspective and Its Relationship to Learning Activity
Authors: Septiani Rizki Iswi , Muslim Azis , Herson Rizqa Firdaus , Dasyalami M Gilang
Published: July 2024

This research aims to explore the cultural site of the Masjid Kampus As-Su’ada Universitas NU Kalimantan Selatan in terms of geometric aspects and its relationship to mathematics learning, especially geometry. The research method used was qualitative with a realist ethnographic approach. The data collection technique is exploration through observation and interviews. The analysis technique in this research is through source collation, namely clarifying the results of observations by interviewing informants. The research results show that the Masjid Kampus As-Su'ada has many geometric shapes on the exterior and interior of the mosque. The geometric shapes contained in it include plane geometry (circle, square, rectangle, triangle and ellipse), solid geometry (pyramid, block, prism) and modified geometry (half tube, truncated pyramid and elliptical approach). Lessons that can be carried out include case studies of mosque roofs, study tours identifying mosque geometric shapes, and determining the area of the building.
Pemahaman Matematis Siswa SMP Dalam Menyelesaikan Masalah Kubus dan Balok Ditinjau Dari Tipe Kepribadian Keirsey
Authors: Indraswari Nur , Kaila Ufil
Published: July 2024

Penelitian adalah jenis penelitian eksploratif dengan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif. Tujuannya mendeskripsikan pemahaman matematis siswa SMP dalam menyelesaikan masalah bangun ruang sisi datar ditinjau dari tipe kepribadian keirsey. Subjek penelitian adalah 4 siswa kelas VIII SMPN 1 Bluto yang berjenis kelamin sama, berkemampuan setara, mewakili 4 tipe kepribadian keirsey. Tiga indikator untuk mengungkap pemahaman matematis yaitu Translation and Interpretation, Ekstrapolation, dan Aplication. Pada indikator Translation and Interpretation diperoleh siswa mampu mengklasifikasikan objek-objek diketahui dan ditanyakan dalam permasalahan. Keempat subjek dapat mengidentifikasikan hal-hal yang diketahui dan di tanyakan berdasarkan yang mereka amati serta pahami,  menentukan konsep penyelesaian yang didapat dari ukuran suatu kubus satuan. Menghitung sisi yang diwarnai dan yang tidak diwarnai menggunakan operasi penjumlahan dan pengurangan sehingga di peroleh rasio jumlah sisi kubus yang diwarnai terhadap dan yang tidak diwarnai. Berdasarkan Indikator Translation and Interpretation SA,SR,SI memvisualisasikan dengan gambar. SG menyatakan dengan jumlah sisi seluruh kubus. Indikator Ekstrapolation, SA,SI menggunakan konsep rumus volume dan SR, SG menggunakan logika atau penalaran, SR, SI menggunakan simbol dalam menyatakan sisi yang diwarnai dan yang tidak diwarnai. Indikator Aplication SI terdapat kesalahan penulisan pada perhitungan operasinya. SG terdapat kesalahan pemahaman maksud soal pada penentuan awal penyelesaian sehingga mempengaruhi hasil.