bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ANALYSIS OF THE CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY DURING THE PANDEMIC: WAYS OUT OF THE CRISIS
Authors:   Doctor of Economic Sciences of the Department of Accounting, Audit and Taxation, State University of Management, Moscow, Russia, KIROVA E. A. , ZAKHAROVA A. V. ,   Candidate of Economic Sciences of the Department of Accounting, Audit and Taxation, State University of Management, Moscow, Russia, SHAROVA N. S. ,   Student, State University of Management, Moscow, Russia
Published: February 2021

The analysis of the construction industry in the period of the pandemic is carried out, the crisis phenomena are revealed. Two ways out of the crisis are proposed. The first is the involvement of digital technologies in production and accounting, analysis of the state of the organization. This path requires significant financial expenses. The second way, which is less expensive, is focused on the development of tax planning in construction organizations to reduce tax risks and optimize tax liabilities.
INNOVATION AS NEW PRODUCTION PROCESSES AND NEW WAYS OF DOING BUSINESS
Authors:   Doctor of Economics, Professor of the Department of Advertising and Modern Communications, Saint-Petersburg State University of Aerospace Instrumentation, Saint-Petersburg, Russia, LOSEV К. V. , MOLCHANOVA S. M. ,   Candidate of Economic Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of Economics of High-Tech Production, St. Petersburg State University of Aerospace Instrumentation, St. Petersburg, Russia
Published: February 2021

The article describes the characteristics of the innovation process, reflects the essence of innovation. The points of view of the founders of the theory of economic dynamics on the innovation process are presented. The conditions influencing the development of scientific and technological progress and sustainable economic growth of the economy are revealed. A feature of the rapid development of information technology, science, digital transformation in a crisis situation caused by the COVID–19 pandemic has been identified. The authors noted the dependence on the different degrees of allocation by researchers of the material or intellectual result of the innovation process, the interpretation of the definition of innovative products. Examples of the implementation of innovative activities in some areas and industries are presented. The possibility of solving economic, social, environmental problems through the emergence of new production processes and new ways of doing business is emphasized. The authors summarize the importance of reorganizing and re–evaluating the existing resources of companies, finding effective approaches to improving the value chain for organizations and the impact of innovation on the creation of new jobs, investment growth and the development of a competitive economy.
TRANSFORMATION OF THE ENTERPRISE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM: FROM HIRING EMPLOYEES TO HUMAN CAPITAL
Authors:   Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor, Head of the Aeronautical Engineering Department, Don State Technical University, FLEK M. B. ,   Manager's Advisor of PAO Rostvertol, Rostov-on-Don, Russia, UGNICH E. A. ,   Candidate of Economic Sciences, Associate Professor, Department of World Economy and International Economic Relations, Don State Technical University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia
Published: February 2021

The article highlights the features of the management system of social and labor relations of the enterprise. For this purpose, the characteristics and transformation of the objects of management of social and labor relations of the enterprise are given. The paper also provides a brief overview of the key concepts of the theory of the firm, management of social and labor relations and the direct implementation of various enterprise management systems. A comparative characteristic of the change in the system is given: from the management of labor (human) resources to the management of human capital of the enterprise. It is shown that it is the management of human capital of the enterprise that demonstrates its greatest efficiency in the conditions of transition to the knowledge economy.
THE INFLUENCE OF INTEGRATION INSTITUTIONS ON THE INTRAREGIONAL TRADE BETWEEN LATIN AMERICAN COUNTRIES
Authors:   Faculty of Global Processes, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia, KOZYREVA M. S.
Published: February 2021

This article explores new trends of the integrational processes in Latin America as a practical reflection of the new regionalism and their impact on the dynamics of intraregional trade. The purpose of this article is to analyze the current processes of economic integration in Latin America on the example of a number of institutions, to study their contribution to the economic state of the region through their influence on intraregional trade.
The impact of fusarium ear rot in Poland and methods to reduce losses caused by the disease
Authors: Frasiński Seweryn , Czembor Elżbieta , Lalak-Kańczugowska Justyna
Published: February 2021

Maize has a significant economic impact all over the world. Fungi in the genus Fusarium that cause fusarium ear rot of maize have significant effect on the yeld quality and quantity. The main threat is the contamination of grain with the mycotoxins they produce - as these are harmful to humans and animals. Such mycotoxins are a group of secondary metabolites of varied structure, which belong mainly to trichothecenes, fumonisins and zearalenones. As no efficient chemical control read and pink rot in the field is possible, prevention relies on cultural practices and use resistant hybrids. Insects play an important role in the infection, which is why it is recommended to control their prevalence during growing season.
Análisis conceptual de metodologías en la enseñanza del Derecho desde un enfoque socioformativo en la sociedad del conocimiento
Authors: Carrillo Ruiz Miriam , Luna-Nemecio Josemanuel
Published: February 2021

La presente investigación tuvo como propósito realizar un análisis documental en relación con diversos conceptos, con la finalidad de identificar cuáles de ellos serían útiles para el diseño de una metodología en la enseñanza del Derecho desde el enfoque socioformativo. Los principales resultados arrojaron que uno de los retos de la socioformación ha sido responder a las necesidades de la sociedad del conocimiento, logrando productos concretos que atiendan necesidades precisas del entorno. En la enseñanza del Derecho, se evidenció la existencia de diversas metodologías, que reconocen el abordaje de problemas jurídicos de manera real y simulada.
The study of molybdenum-containing solutions by IR spectroscopy
Authors:   Kazan National Research Technological University, Klienkov Alexey V. , Petukhova Lyubov A. ,   Kazan National Research Technological University, Petukhov Alexander A. ,   Kazan National Research Technological University
Published: February 2021

Molybdenum compounds are widely used as catalysts for various chemical reactions, such as: oxidation, epoxidation, hydrogenation, reduction, etc. In particular, molybdenum compounds are used as a catalyst in the epoxidation of propylene with ethylbenzene hydroperoxide during the joint production of styrene and propylene oxide introduced into the industry as part of PJSC "Nizhnekamskneftekhim". We are working to verify the possibility of using glycol solutions, oxygen-containing inorganic compounds of molybdenum, such as molybdenum acid (MK), molybdenum anhydride (MA) and ammonium paramolybdate (PMA) as an epoxidation reaction catalyst. In the initial molybdenum compounds used to prepare the catalyst solutions, molybdenum is in the hexavalent state. The temperature treatment of these compounds in coordinating solvents, glycols, leads to their partial depolymerization and reduction to Mo(VI). Moreover, the more coordinating the solvent, the deeper these processes are flowed. There are reports in the literature on the study of various molybdenum compounds in aqueous media and crystalline state by IR spectroscopy and Raman scattering. It was found that the dissolution of MA, MK, and PMA in monoethylene glycol (MEG) is associated with the formation in the solution of compounds Mo(V), Mo(VI) of various molecular composition in the form of monomers, dimers, tetramers, and also in the form of the main components of hept- and octamers and higher molecular weight compounds. As the temperature rises, initially larger monomers of the octa- and hepta-form type transform into monomers of lower aggregation. All established patterns are analyzed by the example of PMA solutions in MEG.
Synthesis of 5-hydroxy-10-R-benzo[a]phenazine-12-oxides by cyclization of 2-arylamino-1,4-naphthoquinone-1-oximes under the action of nitrating mixture
Authors:   V.P. Astaf’ev Krasnoyarsk State Pedagogical University, Gornostaev Leonid M.
Published: February 2021

The synthesis of рolycyclic quinoid compounds, which exhibit a wide range of biological activity is one of the most promising and actively developing areas of the fine organic synthesis. Heterocyclic compounds including those that can be donors of nitrogen oxide NO occupy a special place among biologically active structures. These substances include a number of N-oxides, e.g., 1,2-diazet-1,2-dioxides, furoxanes and their benzo analogs, and N,N′-pyrazole dioxides. The reason for the high biological activity of N-oxides of nitrogenous heterocycles, which cannot easily generate nitrogen oxide NO may be their oxidative properties. Thus, N-oxides of nitrogenous heterocycles are of interest due to their high biological activity. We have developed an approach to the synthesis of 5-hydroxy-10-R-benzo[a]phenazine-12-oxides that contain the N-oxide fragment, which makes these compounds promising for studying their biological activity. We have demonstrated that the treatment of 2-arylamino-1,4-naphthoquinones with hydroxylamine in ethanol at 50-60 °С leads to selective oximation at position 1 and the formation of 2-arylamino-1,4-naphthoquinone-1-oximes. It has been shown that the interaction of 2-arylamino-1,4-naphthoquinone-1-oximes with the nitrating mixture in acetic acid results in the formation of 5-hydroxy-10-R-benzo[a]phenazine-12-oxides. Our work is a continuation of the study on the interactions of 2-arylamino-1,4-naphthoquinones and 4-arylamino-1,2-naphthoquinones with nitrosylsulfuric acid in acetic acid and the interaction of 2-alkyl(benzyl)amino-1,4-naphthoquinones with nitrosylsulfuric acid or nitrating mixture in acetic acid. The former reactions lead to the formation of 3-R-benzo[b]phenazine-6,11-dione-5-oxides and 9-R-benzo[a]phenazine-5,6-dion-7-oxides, respectively. The latter reaction leads to the formation of 2-alkyl(aryl)naphtho[2,1-d][1,3]oxazole-4,5-dione-4-oximes and 2-alkyl(aryl)-1-hydroxy-1H-naphtho[2,3-d]imidazole-4,9-dione as main products.
Low-temperature reduction of acyclic carvomentholactone derivatives with diisobutylaluminum hydride in methylene chloride
Authors:   Ufa institute of Chemistry Ufa Federal Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Yakovleva Marina P.
Published: February 2021

Earlier, we discovered a novel reaction in the chemistry of organoaluminum compounds - the formation of O-isobutyl acetals during low-temperature (-70 °С) treatment of a number of seven-membered lactones with a twofold (or more) molar amount of diisobutylaluminium hydride in methylene chloride. In addition, it was shown that the acyclic derivatives of (-)-mentholactone - methyl 6-hydroxy-3,7-dimethyl-octanoate and its 6-oxo analogue - also enter into the low-temperature reduction reaction of diisobutylaluminum hydride in methylene chloride. Moreover, methyl 6-hydroxy-3,7-dimethyloctanoate in this reaction behaves similarly to (-)-mentholactone: when 4 equivalents of diisobutylaluminium hydride acts on it, the reaction proceeds with the predominant formation of isobutyl acetal as the only (2S,7S)-epimer. Methyl 6-oxo-3,7-dimethyl octanoate in a low-temperature reduction reaction with 4 equivalents of diisobutylaluminium hydride in methylene chloride acts as a mixture of (-)-mentholactone and isomentolactone, leading to a mixture of (2S,7S)-, (2S,7R)- and (2R,7R)-isobutyl acetals in a ratio of 3.2: 1.3: 1.0, respectively. In the present work, when low-temperature reduction was involved in the reaction with diisobutylaluminium hydride, methyl (3R)-6-hydroxy- or (3R)-6-oxo-3-isopropylheptanoates available from carvomentolactone reacted without the formation of isobutyl acetal: a mixture of (2: 1) 6-hydroxy-(3R)-isopropylheptanal and (4R)-isopropyl-7-methyloxepan-2-ol was obtained.
Hemşire Liderliğinde RomatoidArtritli Hastalara Verilen Bakımın Etkinliği (Sistematik Derleme)
Authors: TUNA Halil İbrahim , ÖRSAL Özlem
Published: February 2021

Geleneksel olarak tüm Romatoid Artrit (RA) hastalarının takip edilmesi, kliniklerde romatologlar tarafından gerçekleştirilir. Günümüzde romatoloji kliniklerindeki hemşireler, multidisipliner ekibin önemli bir parçası haline gelmektedir ve romatolojik görevleri gerçekleştirebilmektedir. Kliniklerde hemşire odaklı bakım ile hizmet alan hastalar; fiziksel işlev, hastalık aktivitesi, yaşam kalitesi, ağrı, yorgunluk, sertlik, psikolojik işlev ve memnuniyet açısından daha iyi sonuçlar almışlardır. Bu güncel sistematik derlemenin amacı, romatoid artritli hastalarda hemşire liderlikli hastalık yönetiminin klinik bakımdaki etkinliğinin belirlenmesidir. Derlemede bir üniversitenin kütüphane ağı üzerinden “romatoid artrit, hemşire ya da hemşirelik, sağlık bakımı” anahtar kelimeleri taranmıştır. Araştırmaya; 2008-2019 yılları arasında Science Direct, PubMed, EBSCO Host, ULAKBİM, Türkiye Atıf Dizini veri tabanlarında yayınlanmış ücretsiz, tam metin makaleler dahil edilmiştir. Derlemede hemşire liderliğindeki RA kliniklerinin hasta bakım sonuçlarına etkisi olan makalelere yer verilmiştir. Derlemenin sonunda hemşire liderlikli bakım, beklenen tedavi sonuçlarını karşılamaktadır ve hastalar için oldukça güvenlidir sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
Lejt a pálya?
Authors: Ivány Borbála , Kádár András Kristóf , Nemes András
Published: February 2021

The authors provide an overview of the a research by the Hungarian Helsinki Committee on ill-treatment and forced interrogation committed by police and prison officers.
A védő jelenléti joga a nyomozási szakban
Authors: Szabó Krisztián
Published: February 2021

Bearing in mind the ongoing recodification of the criminal procedure code, the author provides an overview of the role of the defense attorney in investigations in Hungary.
A tömeges bevándorlás okozta válsághelyzet
Authors: Merkl Zoltán
Published: February 2021

The author provides an overview of the protective measures the Hungarian government introduced during the 2015 refugee crisis.
A rendőrség informatikai hálózat védelmének fejlesztési irányai és feladatai
Authors: Fehér Judit
Published: February 2021

The author provides an overview of how police IT-neworks could and should be improved in Hungary.
Textilszálak jelentősége egy gázolási ügyben
Authors: Horváth András
Published: February 2021

Through the analysis of a particular Hungarian case, the author provides an overview of the complexity of assessing conditional probability in forensic science within the legal procedure.
Stäckel Equivalence of Non-Degenerate Superintegrable Systems, and Invariant Quadrics
Authors:   University of Stuttgart, Germany, Vollmer Andreas
Published: February 2021

A non-degenerate second-order maximally conformally superintegrable system in dimension 2 naturally gives rise to a quadric with position dependent coefficients. It is shown how the system's Stäckel class can be obtained from this associated quadric.The Stäckel class of a second-order maximally conformally superintegrable system is its equivalence class under Stäckel transformations, i.e., under coupling-constant metamorphosis.
First records of the Palaestes abruptus Sharp, 1899 and P. nicaraguae Sharp, 1899 (Coleoptera: Cucujidae) from South America, with a checklist of flat bark beetles from the continent
Authors: Jaskuła Radomir , Michalski Marek , Marris John
Published: February 2021

The flat bark beetles (Coleoptera: Cucujidae) is a small insect family with only about 70 species. Most of the species are distributed in Holarctic, Oriental and/or Australasian realms, while in South America, only six species have been recorded, including a single one known from Peru.

Two cucujid beetle species,Palaestes abruptusSharp, 1899 andP. nicaraguaeSharp, 1899, are recorded from South America for the first time. The species are recorded from the Pasco (P. abruptus) and Cusco and Junín (P. nicaraguae) Regions of Peru, based, in part, on data collected through the iNaturalist citizen science database. Habitats of both species are presented in photographs for the first time. A country-level checklist to Cucujidae species currently known from South America is provided.
Optimization of passivation in AlGaN/GaN heterostructure microwave transistor fabrication by ICP CVD
Authors: Sleptsova Anastasia A. , Chernykh Sergey V. , Podgorny Dmitry A. , Zhilnikov Ilya A.
Published: February 2021

We have studied the effect of silicon nitride (SiN) dielectric passivating film deposition by inductively coupled plasma chemical vapor deposition (ICP CVD) on the parameters of AlGaN/GaN heterostructure high electron mobility transistors (HEMT). Study of the parameters of the dielectric layers has allowed us to determine the effect of RF and ICP power and working gas flow ratio on film growth rate and structural perfection, and on the current vs voltage curves of the passivated HEMT. The deposition rate changes but slightly with an increase in RF power but increases with an increase in ICP power. Transistor slope declines considerably with an increase in RF power: it is the greatest at minimum power RF = 1 W. In the beginning of growth even at a low RF power (3 W) the transistor structure becomes completely inoperable. Dielectric deposition for HEMT passivation should be started at minimum RF power. We have developed an AlGaN/GaN microwave HEMT passivation process providing for conformal films and low closed transistor drain–source currents without compromise in open state transistor performance: within 15 and 100 mA, respectively, for a 1.25 and 5 mm common T-gate (Ug = –8 V and Ud-s = 50 V).
Grassland with tradition: sampling across several scientific disciplines
Authors: Janišová Monika , Iuga Anamaria , Ivașcu Cosmin Marius , Magnes Martin
Published: February 2021

The traditional, low-input use of grassland in Central and Eastern Europe has provided high-quality food, clothing and manure for millennia. As an outcome of sustainable low-intensity agriculture, some rural areas have globally significant species richness. Traditional farming is still well preserved in several regions of the Carpathian Mountains. This is a unique opportunity to use the wisdom of our ancestors to keep grassland biodiversity for our descendants. We present a sampling methodology to survey traditionally managed grassland ecosystems holistically, including abiotic, biological and cultural phenomena, and reflect thus the multidimensionality of traditional farming. Our main objective was to reveal the connection between particular management practices and precisely measured plot plant diversity. Our motivation was to identify traditional farming approaches that result in both high biodiversity and sustainable grassland utilization in particular region, and confirm their impact also using statistical tests. The multitaxon vegetation sampling at seven spatial scales combined with soil analyses, detailed land-use information derived from interviews with the land parcel owners, satellite pictures and historical materials provide potentially valuable data for several scientific disciplines including syntaxonomy, plant ecology, environmental anthropology and ethnology. Examples of grassland management practices based on traditional ecological knowledge can serve as an inspiration for developing modern biodiversity conservation strategies applicable for rural regions. The database Grassland with Tradition is registered in Global Index of Vegetation-Plot Databases (GIVD) with the identifier ID EU-00-032. To date it contains data from 31 study sites in 7 countries (Austria, Czech Republic, Slovakia, Hungary, Poland, Romania, Ukraine).

Syntaxonomic reference: Mucina et al. (2016).
Vegetation Classification and Survey: the first year
Authors: Willner Wolfgang , Biurrun Idoia , Dengler Jürgen , Jansen Florian
Published: February 2021

We report on the completed first volume of Vegetation Classification and Survey (VCS), which included ten Research Papers, six Short Database Reports, two Long Database Reports, two Forum Papers and one Report. We highlight three outstanding papers as examples of contributions of which we would like to see more in the future. Finally, we announce a new article type “VCS Methods” and report about the status of two upcoming Special Collections. Lists of colleagues who served as reviewers or linguistic editors in 2020 are included in appendices.

Abbreviations: IAVS = International Association for Vegetation Science; VCS = Vegetation Classification and Survey.
Nobility of the Sword, Nobility of the Robe: Social Spaces and Ideological Borders
Authors: Haddad Elie
Published: February 2021

“Nobility of the Robe” and “Nobility of the Sword,” two expressions commonly repeated in historiography of the nobility of the modern era, are not simple social descriptions. Their chronologically staggered appearance, and the development of their usage in the seventeenth century are the result of the transformations of the Second Estate, transformations which themselves stemmed from monarchical policy (development of the venality of offices, desire to control the definition of nobility) and from struggles for power among the elites of the realm. A social history of their uses should be confronted with an analysis of the social careers of Second Estate families. This would show to what extent these expressions are above all ascriptions referring to ideological confrontations, to value judgments about what the nobility should be, and, finally, to a desire to separate social spaces that were, nevertheless, porous. Such a history clearly shows how terms designating conditions become categories designating groups based on classification. These were changes that brought about great consequences as much for the future of noble families as for the concept of the nobility itself.
L’Afrique et sa dette « chinoise » au temps de la covid-19
Authors: Pairault Thierry
Published: February 2021

Face à la conjoncture sanitaire que nous affrontons en 2020, le Fonds monétaire international (FMI) et la Banque mondiale, le G20, le Club de Paris et même le pape François se sont prononcés pour un allégement de la dette des pays les plus endettés aux premiers rangs desquels se trouvent de nombreux pays africains, la Chine faisant plus ou moins figure d’accusée. Face aux surenchères médiatiques et politiques, nous nous demandons dans cet article quel est le poids réel de la dette africaine à l’égard de la Chine, que signifie cet endettement et quel est le rôle joué par la Chine et ses entreprises ? Quelle influence cet endettement a-t-il dans la stratégie de développement des pays africains ?
A Case of Online Teaching and Learning during COVID-19 in Medical Laboratory Science Education and Training in Federal School of Medical Laboratory Science, Jos
Authors: Obeta M. U. , Etukudoh N. S. , Ejinaka R. O.
Published: February 2021

Online teaching and learning in medical laboratory science have been neglected over the years. The current situation of COVID-19 pandemic is an eye opener to encourage online learning in medical laboratory science considering the lock down for more than seven months in Nigeria and other parts of the world in medical laboratory training and education using the conventional classroom and face to face teaching and mentoring. The possible online teaching and learning platforms are Google duo, Webex Meet, Canvas Student, Skype, WhatsApp, Hangouts, Google meeting, Google classroom, GoToMeeting, Microsoft Teams and Zoom. The medical laboratory science or other medical science education institutions or regulatory agencies may choose two or three platforms from the list or develop another App to suit their curriculum. This article takes a close look at online learning in relation to medical laboratory science towards encouraging the training institutions and regulatory agencies of the profession for another look at online teaching learning for medical laboratory science as Federal School of Medical Laboratory Science, Jos-Nigeria commences online learning programme using WhatsApp and Zoom during the coronavirus period. It is evident that online teaching and learning is on the increase since the onset of coronavirus pandemic in Nigeria and in Federal School of Medical Laboratory Science, Jos in particular.
Functional Characteristics and Phenotypic Plasticity of CD57+PD1− CD4 T Cells and Their Relationship with Transplant Immunosuppression
Authors: Shaw Brian I. , Espinosa Jaclyn R. , Stempora Linda , Miller Allison , Adams Bartley , Kirk Allan D.
Published: February 2021

Costimulation blockade (CoB)–based immunosuppression offers the promise of improved transplantation outcomes with reduced drug toxicity. However, it is hampered by early acute rejections, mediated at least in part by differentiated, CoB-resistant T cells, such as CD57+PD1− CD4 T cells. In this study, we characterize these cells pretransplant, determine their fate posttransplant, and examine their proliferative capacity in vitro in humans. Our studies show that CD57+PD1− CD4 T cells are correlated with increasing age and CMV infection pretransplant, and persist for up to 1 y posttransplant. These cells are replication incompetent alone but proliferated in the presence of unsorted PBMCs in a contact-independent manner. When stimulated, cells sorted by CD57/PD1 status upregulate markers of activation with proliferation. Up to 85% of CD57+PD1− cells change expression of CD57/PD1 with stimulation, typically, upregulating PD1 and downregulating CD57. PD1 upregulation is accentuated in the presence of rapamycin but prevented by tacrolimus. These data support a general theory of CoB-resistant cells as Ag-experienced, costimulation-independent cells and suggest a mechanism for the synergy of belatacept and rapamycin, with increased expression of the activation marker PD1 potentiating exhaustion of CoB-resistant cells.
Symptom Provocation During Aerobic and Dynamic Supervised Exercise Challenges in Adolescents With Sport-Related Concussion
Authors: Popovich Michael , Sas Andrew , Almeida Andrea Ana , Freeman Jeremiah , Alsalaheen Bara , Lorincz Matthew , Eckner James T.
Published: February 2021

Context

Supervised exercise challenges (SECs) have been shown to be safe and beneficial in the early symptomatic period after concussion. Thus far, most in-clinic SECs studied have included a form of basic aerobic exercise only. An SEC that also includes dynamic forms of exercise mimics all steps of a standard return-to-play progression and may enhance the detection of concussion symptoms to guide in-clinic management decisions.

Objective

To determine whether an SEC that includes a dynamic SEC (DSEC) uncovered symptoms that would not have been identified by an SEC involving an aerobic SEC (ASEC) alone in adolescent patients with sport-related concussion.

Design

Retrospective case series.

Setting

Multidisciplinary sport concussion clinic at a tertiary care center.

Patients or Other Participants

A total of 65 adolescent athletes (mean age = 14.9 ± 2.0 years, 72.3% males) who underwent an in-clinic SEC within 30 days of concussion.

Main Outcome Measure(s)

Presence of pre-exercise symptoms and symptom provocation during the SEC were recorded, with exercise-provoked symptoms categorized as occurring during ASEC or DSEC.

Results

Of the total patient sample, 69.2% (n = 45/65) experienced symptom provocation at some point during the SEC. Symptoms were provoked in 20 patients during the ASEC, whereas 25 completed the ASEC without symptom provocation before becoming symptomatic during the subsequent DSEC and 20 completed the SEC without any symptom provocation. Of the 65 patients in the total sample, 46 were asymptomatic immediately before the SEC. Of these previously asymptomatic patients, 23.9% (n = 11/46) experienced symptom provocation during the ASEC, and an additional 37.0% (n = 17/46) remained asymptomatic during the ASEC but then developed symptoms during the DSEC.

Conclusions

The ASEC alone may not detect symptom provocation in a significant proportion of concussion patients who otherwise would develop symptoms during a DSEC.
Neovascular glaucoma - A review
Authors: Senthil Sirisha , Dada Tanuj , Das Taraprasad , Kaushik Sushmita , Puthuran George Varghese , Philip Reni , Rani Padmaja Kumari , Rao Harsha , Singla Shaveta , Vijaya Lingam
Published: February 2021

Neovascular glaucoma (NVG) is a sight-threatening secondary glaucoma characterized by appearance of new vessels over the iris and proliferation of fibrovascular tissue in the anterior chamber angle. Retinal ischemia is the common driving factor and common causes are central retinal vein occlusion, proliferative diabetic retinopathy, and ocular ischemic syndrome. The current rise in the prevalence of NVG is partly related to increase in people with diabetes. A high index of suspicion and a thorough anterior segment evaluation to identify the early new vessels on the iris surface or angle are essential for early diagnosis of NVG. With newer imaging modalities such as the optical coherence tomography angiography and newer treatment options such as the anti-vascular endothelial growth factor, it is possible to detect retinal ischemia early, tailor appropriate treatment, monitor disease progression, and treatment response. The management strategies are aimed at reducing the posterior segment ischemia, reduce the neovascular drive, and control the elevated intraocular pressure. This review summarizes the causes, pathogenesis, and differential diagnoses of NVG, and the management guidelines. We also propose a treatment algorithm of neovascular glaucoma.
Nuovo schema di piano e manuale applicativo per la redazione dei piani anti incendio boschivo dei parchi nazionali
Authors: Bertani Remo , Bovio Giovanni
Published: February 2021

The following paper will introduce the general criteria on the Forest Fire Fighting (FFF) planning, with a focus on: 1) Historical facts; properties of the first planning; from fire control to fire management; from emergency model to risk reduction; revaluation of the traditional use of fire; from war on fire to cohabitation coexistence with fire; FST Fire Smart (Tedim et al.,. 2015); 2) FFF planning rules before the recent review. This analysis will show the reasons of the new planning setting for national parks, underlining the following requirements: - updating the manual and the technical standards, due to a new experience acquired; - plans standardization to allow plans comparison. The paper describes the review criteria and the new setting requirements either to show the job done by the planners, either to avoid the introduction of new planning method, which has not been sufficiently tested or is too difficult to apply. The starting point of this analysis will be the Forest Fire Fighting plan of each National Park. The results will show the most significant features and an overall opinion on the planning examined will follow. The plans schedule will describe which of plans is under review, previous examined and expired. A great focus will be on each different situation subjected to fire, from physiological problems to seriously pathological one. The main step of this paper will be the description of the advantages deriving from the risk analysis, the concept of critical fire, the objective selected with RASMAP, a reference of the environmental description of the territories (already debated in other planning papers). The setting of the new plans will be done showing: - the analysis of the Park fires; - the forecast and identification of the highest risk areas, with the help of cartography; - the objectives definition (RASMAP); - the planned interventions to achieve the RASMAP (the logical framework).
Note su alcuni casi fitosanitari registrati nella Foresta di Vallombrosa dall’Unità d’Italia ad oggi
Authors: Caramalli Paolo , Capretti Paolo , Ghelardini Luisa , Galipò Giovanni
Published: February 2021

The aim of this work was to organize some historical phytopathological information collected since 1850 in the Vallombrosa forest. With this research, based on written sources, on-site findings and oral sources, the Authors describe the main problems due to both fungi and insects as well as to abiotic stress factors. The picture that emerges is still incomplete and nevertheless useful particularly for analysing the damage caused to Abies alba by Heterobasidion abietinum, Armillaria sp. and many insects in relation to increasing summer drought stress due to climate change. The analysis of historical observations increases the general knowledge about the Forest and may assist to plan a well informed and effective management of the Reserve in the future
Sistemi di Pagamento per i Servizi Ecosistemici (PES): analisi della letteratura nazionale e internazionale
Authors: Paletto Alessandro , De Meo Isabella , Morelli Stefano
Published: February 2021

The payments for ecosystem services are innovative instruments based on the creation of market for goods and services provided by natural ecosystems to stimulate the offer of positive externalities. The aim of the present study was to analyze the scientific production on payments for ecosystem services - focusing on the forest sector - both at national and international level in the period 2005-2019. To that end, a literature review is conducted through three steps: (1) identification of publications in English on payments for ecosystem/environmental services using Scopus database; (2) identification of publications in Italian on payments for ecosystem/environmental services using Google Scholar and the databases of the main Italian forestry journals; (3) bibliometric analysis of the publications collected using a bibliometric network analysis and a textual analysis. The results of this study show a steady increase in the number of publications per year from 2005 to today, corresponding to an average number of 81.8 publications per year using the term “payments for ecosystem services” and 46.3 per year using the term “payments for environmental services”. Approximately 40% of total scientific production about this topic focuses on forests. The country with highest number of publications is the United States, while the member countries of the European Union have contributed to 25% of total scientific production. In addition, the results show a rich scientific production in Italian (47 publications corresponding to 3,1 publications per year), but the majority of these publications refers to these innovative market-based instruments to protect natural capital and ecosystem services without providing detailed information from the theoretical and practical point of view. In this context, it would be useful to increase the technical-scientific production in Italian (protocols, manuals, guidelines) with the aim of supporting forest managers in disseminating these market-based instruments in Italy
Vulnerabilidad sísmica en viviendas de zona rural: el caso Santa Marianita – Manta – Ecuador
Authors: Loor-Loor Efren , Palma-Zambrano Willians , García-Vinces Lincoln
Published: February 2021

Entre los factores que inciden en la construcción de viviendas estructuralmente vulnerables se encuentran las condiciones socioeconómicas de los sectores rurales, la escasa planificación, regulación y control para promover asentamientos humanos y la ineficiente aplicación de las técnicas constructivas con materiales locales. Por tanto, el objetivo de esta investigación se basa en determinar el índice de vulnerabilidad de viviendas rurales de la parroquia Santa Marianita de la ciudad de Manta-Ecuador, puesto que al estar ubicada en una zona costera de alta sismicidad es importante estudiar este parámetro, analizando las características técnicas de las viviendas, tales como errores arquitectónicos, estructurales y constructivos. La mayoría de estas viviendas carecen de las características antes mencionadas, con materiales de baja calidad y elaboradas por los mismos habitantes de la zona. Para la investigación se trabajó con una muestra de 25 viviendas ubicadas en las zonas abruptas de la parroquia rural, debido a que es la zona de mayor impacto según su morfología. La información de campo se recolectó por medio del formulario FEMA-154, determinando la vulnerabilidad y peligrosidad sísmica de las viviendas encuestadas, los principales daños se encuentran a nivel de mampostería, seguido de la cimentación y elementos estructurales como columnas y vigas. Los resultados obtenidos permitieron proponer recomendaciones de rehabilitación para las viviendas rurales con índices S menores a 2 y en la concientización de los habitantes al momento de ejecutar una obra.

Palabras clave: desastres naturales, riesgo sísmico, vulnerabilidad sísmica, viviendas.
Some Research Needs in Education and Development
Authors: Bacchus Kazim
Published: February 2021

In discussing the type of research which is needed in the area of education and development in the "new nations" it should be noted that the concept "development" is an amorphous one and usually implies changes in many institutions of a society, including the economic. One of the development goals for a particular nation might be to produce a greater sense of national solidarity among the various disparate groups that belong to the nation state; for another, it might be the equalization of job opportunities for those in the different social strata or the different ethnic groups which make up the society. All these aspects of development are important and research aimed at throwing light on the contribution which education can make towards the achievement of these development goals would undoubtedly be of great value to these societies.
THE IMPACT OF ZINC AND LEAD MINING ON AIR QUALITY AT AGALAGU ALIKE IN IKWO LGA OF EBONYI STATE
Authors: Anyahara Nene , Nwosu Ulunma , Awuchi Chibueze , Obinna Ugochi
Published: February 2021

Atmospheric air consist of mixtures of gases composed mainly of nitrogen and oxygen with small proportion of carbon, noble gases and water vapor essential for the sustenance of life on earth. Anthropogenic activities in diverse ways may threaten the quality of atmospheric air and impairs its quality on life. The introduction of any chemical, physical, or biological agent into the atmosphere, in quantities large enough to produce harmful effect to man and its surrounding environment calls for concern. Therefore, an assessment is needed on air quality and on this basis; air quality test was carried out at the mining site at Agalagu Alike in Ikwo Local Government Area of Ebonyi State, and the results collated indicated lesser air pollution across the mine site, except NO2 and SO2. Although the level of NO2 concentration in the study location can be attributed to the activities of mining going on in that area. It was also observed from the results collated that the particulate matter at the study location and immediate environment was very low, which could result from the season of the year (wet season) which the analysis was carried out. Other pollutants like NH3, H2S VOC, and CO were not detected within the coordinates studied in the location. The level of O2 within the location was found to be the same across all the sampling points, with a value of 20.9.
INFRASTRUCTURAL PROVISION AND EFFECTIVE MANAGEMENT AMONG SCHOOL GOVERNING BOARDS OF PUBLIC SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN OYO STATE, NIGERIA
Authors: Opadeye Oluyemi
Published: February 2021

The study investigated infrastructural provision and effective management among Governing Boards (GB) of Public Secondary Schools (PSS) in Oyo State, Nigeria. It adopted the correlational survey design while multistage sampling procedure was used and a total of 1585 school governing board members were selected using a systematic random sampling. Data obtained from questionnaires were subjected to descriptive statistics of frequency and percentage as well as inferential statistics of t-test at 0.05 level of significance. The findings revealed that there is an ineffective management of human, financial and material resources among GB of PSS in Oyo State, Nigeria. Infrastructural Provision (IP) is considered to be high. School location (either rural or urban) posed a significant effect on effective management and IP. Proper management of human, financial and material resources should be ensured in public secondary school by the school governing boards in Oyo State, Nigeria towards the achievement of the school goals and objectives.
BUSINESS RISK MANAGEMENT PRACTICES ADOPTED BY ENTREPRENEURS FOR BUSINESS SUCCESS IN DELTA STATE
Authors: Ikelegbe Samuel , Udeh Romanus
Published: February 2021

The study was a survey research; it focused on determining the extent entrepreneurs adopt risk management practices for business management practice in Delta State. The population of the study comprises of 860 business owners who are registered with the Ministry of Commerce and Industries in Delta State. The instrument for data collection was a structured questionnaire with 16 items. Data collected were analyzed using mean and Standard deviation. The null hypothesis was tested using ANOVA statistics at 0.05 level of significance. Findings from the investigation revealed that entrepreneurs in Delta State do not adopt business risk management practices in managing their businesses. It was recommended among others that the Delta State Government and Ministry of Commerce and Industries should sensitize business owners on business risk management practice to enhance business success.
La renta básica. Críticas y réplicas
Authors: Soriano Díaz Ramón Luis
Published: February 2021

La renta básica es un tema recurrente en la agenda de los políticos, en la opinión pública y en la doctrina de los expertos. Curiosamente ha sido justificada desde diversas concepciones políticas: el socialismo, el republicanismo e incluso el liberalismo. Cuestión clave  es la de los fundamentos favorables y contrarios a legalización  de la renta básica. Las vías de su reconocimiento jurídico en el futuro probablemente pasarán por varias etapas: como derecho social, como una modalidad de libertad y finalmente como derecho de subsistencia.
Ideología y género: Subversión conceptual, lectura sintomal y genealogía política en Latinoamérica
Authors: Parra Fabiana
Published: February 2021

Este artículo examina mediante una lectura sintomal que los ataques al género por parte de sectores neoconservadores forman parte de un proceso de politización reactiva contra la praxis feminista. En este sentido argumenta que el núcleo político del concepto persiste y se manifiesta en la esfera pública. Finalmente, ante los diagnósticos de despolitización del género el artículo postula la necesidad de repolitizarlo mediante el trazado de genealogías feministas críticas que al mismo tiempo posibiliten recomplejizarlo al inscribirlo en una perspectiva interseccional atenta a la multiplicidad de opresiones que experimentan las mujeres en nuestra región latinoamericana.
Power Games between the Researcher and the Participant in the Social Inquiry
Authors: Bravo-Moreno Ana
Published: February 2021

This article will deal with the different power relationships that are in play during the interview process in ethnographic research. It explores how interviewees are agents in the creation of their own positions during the interview process and how they shift positions in interaction with the researcher and with the questions posed to them.
The Feminist Biographical Method in Psychological Research
Authors: Popadiuk Natalee
Published: February 2021

The feminist biographical method is an in-depth interpretive methodology that is useful for research in the field of psychology. I believe that this qualitative method is an excellent tool for analyzing individual narratives of participants lives in relation to the larger cultural matrix of the society in which they live. Although an oral interview is often the primary strategy employed for data collection in this methodology, other sources of information such as personal journals, official documents, and cultural texts are also exciting additions to the research. The strengths of the feminist biographical method include the depth, context, and meaning found in the research; the inclusion of women’s experiences and voices in academic research; and the ability to conduct a sociopolitical analysis of potentially marginalized people. In this article, I delve into the feminist biographical method by providing discussion and examples from research in the field, as well as from my own research. I provide the reader with a personal narrative on how-to conduct research using the feminist biographical method. In particular, I delineate the process of researching the lived experiences of women international students in difficult relationships. As a psychological researcher, I encourage others in the field of psychology to consider using the feminist biographical research to add context, depth, and richness to studies involving human participants.
Higher Education as an Immigration Path for Chinese Students and Scholars
Authors: Pang Bangchen , Appleton Nicholas
Published: February 2021

The purposes of this study were to identify and describe the factors that influenced the choices made by mainland Chinese students and scholars to come to the United States, to identify and describe the factors that influenced their settlement in the United States, and to identify and describe the role that higher education played in this process. An explanatory multiple case study design was used as the basic strategy for the study. In-depth, open-ended interviews were conducted to describe, from the participants perspective, the factors that influenced their successful immigration to the United States. The participants were a convenience sample of 10 Chinese immigrants from mainland China selected from several Chinese professional and social organizations in the Phoenix, Arizona metropolitan area. The participants were of different genders, professions, and ages.
The Multiple Roles of Low Income, Minority Women in the Family and Community: A Qualitative Investigation
Authors: Goldstein Avery , Reiboldt Wendy
Published: February 2021

This longitudinal, ethnographic research study was incepted to investigate service use among families living in poor urban communities. Themes that emerged during data collection focus on the variety of roles played by women, in the home, and in the neighborhood. We identified numerous strengths exhibited by women, that is, roles that help families adapt and survive. Over a two-year period, we spent time with families, in their homes, and in their communities. Not only did the women fulfill multiple roles in the family, but they performed care taking functions within the community as well. A more complete understanding of family and community strengths will help researchers and social service professionals better serve diverse families.