bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Systematic review of Kabuki Syndrome’s phenotype with KMT2D gene mutation
Authors: Bonini Fischetti Leonardo , Magalhães Julia Zaccarelli , Rinaldi Fukushima André , Waziry Paula , Lopes Ricci Esther
Published: March 2019

Kabuki Syndrome is rare and poorly documented, initially mentioned by Niikawa and Kuroki in 1981. The prevalence of the syndrome among live births is 1:32,000. Case reports are now available, which correlates to improved techniques for accurate diagnosis. This study focused on a systematic comparative review of the phenotypes of individuals with Kabuki Syndrome, with the purpose to facilitate diagnosis. The systematic review was done with a bibliographic survey of case studies using the following databases: Pubmed, Science Direct and Google Scholar, in conjunction with the following key-words: Kabuki syndrome, phenotype, KMT2D and case report. The literature shows that patients with this syndrome present five main characteristics, besides several types of secondary phenotypes. These characteristics present variations in permeability as well as expressivity of some genes in individuals, therefore, a characterization through phenotype alone becomes limited, making it necessary to perform genetic analysis for differential diagnosis. In order to increase the knowledge and elucidate mechanisms of Kabuki syndrome, we suggest further studies that utilize animal models.
Ficha catalográfica
Authors: Catharina Andrezza
Published: March 2019

Ficha catalográfica
Desconfianza en el vecino, obstáculo en los planes de comunicación para la cohesión social en sectores rurales de Colombia
Authors: Ocampo-Villegas María Cristina , Soto-Ordoñez Miguel Alberto
Published: March 2019

El desarrollo de actividades del sector público en Colombia, orientadas a impactar en el nivel de vida de los campesinos, se ve obstaculizado por la falta de credibilidad en las entidades públicas y en el personal externo a la comunidad. No obstante, sorprende, en especial, la falta de confianza en el actuar de los propios miembros del colectivo: los vecinos. Comprender el tema de la desconfianza se convierte en un elemento fundamental dentro de procesos de cohesión social en Colombia, dada la actual coyuntura. El presente artículo analiza el sentimiento de desconfianza entre vecinos de una comunidad rural en el distrito de riego de Monquirá (Boyacá) y pretende aportar elementos para las acciones orientadas a la creación de programas de cohesión social, en escenarios en los que se busque la generación de confianza en comunidades de vecinos. La investigación parte de la pregunta: ¿cuál es el grado de confianza que se tiene en los integrantes de la misma comunidad que asumen roles de liderazgo y de representación frente a las entidades del Estado? Para averiguarlo, se realizó una muestra no probabilística, en la que se aplicó un instrumento no estandarizado basado en los tres niveles de influencia social de Kelman. El trabajo permitió entender el comportamiento de los usuarios del distrito de riego. Se encontró que los individuos temen que los vecinos no cumplirán con los compromisos, y se evidencia una fragmentación de la cohesión social debido a la desconfianza en el accionar del otro.
The Impact of Oral Health Training for Primary Care Clinicians: A Systematic Review
Authors: Dwiel Kathleen , Hesketh Martell A. , Alpert Jessica L. , Cellini Jacqueline , Goodell Kristen , Phillips Russell S. , Sullivan Erin E.
Published: March 2019

Background and Objectives: Despite recent improvements in access to health care, many Americans still lack access to dental care. There has been a national focus on interprofessional education and team-based care to work toward the integration of services including dental care into primary care. The purpose of this systematic review is to understand the impact of implementing oral health curricula in primary care training on measurable changes in primary care practice.
Methods: Researchers utilized a two-step process, first a scoping review and then using the PRISMA systematic review method to develop inclusion and exclusion criteria around audience, curricula, and outcomes to identify practice change due to oral health education curricula delivered in primary care clinician training. Researchers assessed titles, abstracts, and full texts and abstracted data for the review.
Results: Researchers reviewed 2,749 articles and found 12 meeting the systematic review criteria. The reported outcomes and evaluations differed for each of the 12 studies identified. Over 40% utilized self-reporting. Seven of the included studies tracked outcomes by checklists embedded in electronic health records changes to well-child visit forms, or chart audits, one of which also tracked billing reimbursements.
Conclusions: Oral health curricula for primary care clinicians are too heterogeneous to determine the effects on practice behavior. Future research should focus on developing a clear evaluation framework for measuring practice level changes in primary care settings as a result of implementing an oral health curriculum.
Sustainable Curriculum to Increase Scholarly Activity in a Family Medicine Residency
Authors: Seales Sajeewane Manjula , Lennon Robert P. , Sanchack Kristian , Smith Dustin K.
Published: March 2019

Background and Objectives: Scholarly activity (SA) is an Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) requirement for family medicine residency programs. Engaging residents in scholarly activity can be challenging. In 2010, the Naval Hospital Jacksonville Family Medicine Residency (NHJ FMR) program pioneered a research curriculum that dramatically increased resident SA output. The purpose of this study was to determine whether this output sustained over time.
Methods: A retrospective records review was performed on resident SA at the NHJ FMR program between academic years 2012-2013 to 2016-2017 (N=185). The following research curriculum interventions were implemented over academic years 2010-2012: a faculty research coordinator position, a scholarly activity point system, and a peer-driven resident research coordinator position. SA output was calculated based on total resident projects per year and “quality projects” or peer-reviewed projects per year. Regression analysis and Mann-Whitney U test tested nonparametric group comparisons.
Results: The number of quality projects per resident per year increased from 0.34 in 2012-2013 to 1.05 in the 2016-2017 academic year. The quality projects per resident per year demonstrated a statistically significant increase over time (F(1,9)-18.98, P<.005, R2 of 0.6784). When comparing preintervention years to postintervention years the average quality projects per resident was statistically significant (P<.005).
Conclusions: This curriculum model emphasizes unique and reliably sustainable interventions to increase scholarly output that can be implemented at any residency program. SA volume and quality increased over 5 postintervention years despite annual resident research coordinator turnover. This research demonstrates a resident-driven culture change that warrants future research on adaptability to other programs.
Biochar improves the morphological, physiological and biochemical properties of white willow seedlings in heavy metal-contaminated soil
Authors: Mokarram-Kashtiban Sahar , Hosseini Seyed , Kouchaksaraei Masoud , Younesi Habibollah
Published: March 2019

Biochar is an efficient soil amendment used for promoting plant resistance to heavy metal (HM)-contaminated soils. There is a need for further investigation of its impacts on plants and soil. This study was undertaken as a pot experiment to assess the effect of biochar (0, 2.5, and 5% mass fractions) on the morphological, physiological and biochemical responses of white willow seedlings (Salix alba L.) cultured in uncontaminated soil and mixed soil contaminated with HM (Cu, Pb, and Cd). Additionally, some chemical properties and HM bioavailability were evaluated. Biochar increased height and diameter, root elongation, leaf area and dry biomass of the seedlings in both soils. Its addition to the contaminated soil reduced electrolyte leakage, the malondialdehyde and proline contents but increased the chlorophyll content, net photosynthesis rate, intercellular CO2 concentration and transpiration rate in the leaf. Use of biochar (especially at 5% rate) in both soils, increased soil pH, total nitrogen, soil organic carbon and available P and K, while in the contaminated soil the availability of Cu, Pb, and Cd decreased. The results showed that biochar is a suitable amendment to contaminated soils that improves plant properties by improving soil chemical features and immobilizing HMs.
Phenotypic expression and founder effect of PANK2 c.1583C>T (p.T528M) mutation in Serbian pantothenate kinase-associated neurodegeneration patients
Authors: Svetel Marina , Hartig Monika , Cvetkovic Dragana , Beaubois Cyrielle , Maksic Jasmina , Novakovic Ivana , Krajinovic Maja , Kostic Vladimir
Published: March 2019

Pantothenate kinase-associated neurodegeneration (PKAN) is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by dystonia, parkinsonism, cognitive and visual impairment, and iron accumulation in the brain. Many cases of PKAN result from mutations in the PANK2 gene that encodes pantothenate kinase 2, a key regulatory enzyme in the biosynthesis of coenzyme A. We previously detected six Serbian patients with clinically suggestive PKAN, all of whom had PANK2 c.1583C>T (p.T528M) mutation either in the homozygous or in the heterozygous state. In this study we explored the phenotypic expression and a possible founder effect of this substitution. We performed the analysis of linkage disequilibrium (LD) and organization in haplotypes of 23 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) adjacent to the PANK2 gene in all of the six patients and their parents, as well as in control healthy child-parents trios. The age of PANK2 c.1583C>T mutation was determined using the r2 degeneration method. Clinical findings in our patients were markedly similar. Different LD structures between patients and controls is revealed, and PANK2 c.1583T allele was significantly associated with a particular haplotype. The age of PANK2 c.1583C>T mutation was estimated to be about 15 generations. Our results suggest that PANK2 c.1583C>T in Serbian PKAN patients represents a founder mutation descended from one common ancestor.
Response of GAFChromic® HD-V2 film dosimeter in 10-300 Gy dose range for radiation testing of electronic devices
Authors: Martorana Francesca , Parlato Aldo , Perrone Giuseppe , Tomarchio Elio
Published: March 2019

The study reported in this paper aimed to investigate the response of a GAFChromic? HD-V2 film dosimeter in the dose range between 10 and 300 Gy, normally used to perform irradiation tests on electronic devices with a 60Co gamma-ray irradiator. The well-defined linearity of response in terms of absorbance as a function of absorbed dose, easiness of handling and data analysis of irradiated dosimeters, reproducibility, stability, and insensitivity to visible light and most of the environmental parameters, make HD-V2 film a flexible, inexpensive and reliable dose measurement device. The study has shown a fogging effect of the dosimeter response since its value changes over time. Strategies and adequate precautions to take into account changes on HD-V2 film physical properties for calibration and routine use in industrial applications, with a specific reference to radiation testing of electronic devices, have been discussed.
PLA Esaslı Numunelerde Çekme Dayanımı İçin 3D Baskı İşlem Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu
Authors: GÜNAY Mustafa , GÜNDÜZ Süleyman , YILMAZ Hakan , YAŞAR Nafiz , KAÇAR Ramazan
Published: March 2019

Bu çalışmada, ergiyik yığma
modelleme (FDM) esaslı 3D yazıcı kullanılarak üretilen PLA+ numunelerin mekanik
özelliklerine baskı hızı, doluluk oranı ve tarama açısının etkileri detaylı
olarak araştırılmıştır. Bu amaçla, Taguchi L18 deney tasarımına göre
3D yazıcı ile standart çekme test numuneleri hazırlanmıştır. İşlem
parametrelerinin (Baskı hızı, doluluk oranı ve tarama açısı) çekme dayanımı
üzerindeki etkileri varyans analizi (ANOVA) ile belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca, Taguchi
metodolojisi uygulanarak çekme dayanımı için işlem parametrelerinin
optimizasyonu yapılmıştır. Sonuç olarak, çekme dayanımı üzerinde en etkin
parametre doluluk oranı olurken, sırasıyla tarama açısı ve baskı hızı diğer
önemli parametreler olarak tespit edilmiştir.
Kalça Protezi Stabilitesinin Harmonik Cevap Analizleri İle Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: ÇELİK Talip , KİŞİOĞLU Yasin
Published: March 2019

Ortopedi
ve diş hekimliği alanında kullanılan implant ve protezlerde en sık karşılaşılan
problem gevşeme problemidir. Bu sorun sebebi ile implantlar ve protezler
işlevlerini yerine getiremez hale gelir. Bu gevşeme sorunun ameliyat sonrası
takibi ve erken tespiti çok önemlidir. Ortopedi alanında kullanılan yöntemlerin
halihazırda gevşemeyi tespit etme başarısı düşük olduğundan alternatif bir
yöntem geliştirilmesi gerekmektedir. Bu çalışmada da alternatif
kullanılabilecek yöntem olan titreşim yönteminin ameliyat sonrası gevşemeyi
tespiti sonlu elemanlar yöntemi kullanılarak değerlendirilmiştir. Modellemesi
yapılan femur kemiği ve kalça protezinin harmonik cevap analizi ile
değerlendirilmesi yapılmıştır. Ameliyat sonrası femur kemiğinin malzeme
özelliklerindeki değişimin etkisi de analize katılmıştır. Sonuç olarak gevşeme
derecesi azaldıkça elde edilen frekans ve genlik değerlerinin de azaldığı
görülmüştür. Bu sayede titreşim yönteminin ameliyat sonrası takipte kemik
yoğunluğundaki değişime rağmen başarılı olabileceği görülmüştür.
The Sustainable Project Management Model
Authors: Salama Mohamed , Janjusevic Jelena
Published: March 2019

In the era of digital transformation, following the emergence of disruptive technologies that guided and facilitated the shift towards sharing economy, change is imperative. Imagine the very nice-looking carriages that you see in the royal weddings and compare them to the latest generation of Tesla cars. Or compare the set of skills required to fly Yakovlev Air-5 model 1931 vis-a-vis the Dassault Rafale or the F16 Fighting Falcon (Top 10 fighters, 2017). Before embarking on driving/flying the latter, regardless how competent with the former, the driver/pilot needs to acquire relevant knowledge and master a new set of skills and techniques, and learn different methods in order to be able to deal with the state-of-the-art technology.
The vibrant business environment that has become even turbulent amid the digital transformation is analogous to the rough sea with unfavourable conditions. Those who are not ahead of the game, vigilant, and aware of what they need to do in order to sail safe will have an unpleasant ending, regardless of how successful they are at present. The Titanic is just one example.
Sustainable Logistics and the Supply Chain
Authors: Nassar Shereen , Salama Mohamed
Published: March 2019

In today’s global business environment, logistics has become one of the key determinants of sustainable competitive advantage. In the context of sustainable project management, every project will have to embrace a sustainable logistics system. Port and maritime logistics is classified as the most significant logistics system since it is considered to be the backbone for facilitating global trade. Around 80% of the world trade by volume, and 70% by value, is done by sea and is managed by seaports across the globe. It is evident that managing the pressures of sustainability is one of the critical challenges for creating value and ensuring growth across all businesses. Port and maritime industry is required to ensure high level of accountability and transparency on sustainability concerns including waste management, climate change and global warming, energy efficiency, employee health, safety and security, impacts on local society and coastal and local environmental health. Because of the global nature of the port and maritime sector, it encounters more challenges in improving sustainability performance. This chapter covers sustainable port and maritime logistics. It starts by presenting an overview of logistics, supply chain management and maritime logistics. The second section discusses sustainability in the context of supply chain and logistics management. The third section explicates green port and maritime logistics aspects. The fourth identifies sustainability issues and introduces an integrated framework for sustainable port and maritime logistics. It wraps up with a brief section on suggested areas for future research.
Eco Innovation
Authors: Peralta Alberto , Castellote Jorge , Salama Mohamed
Published: March 2019

Business model innovation (BMI) has emerged as a key root cause of competitive advantage. This is vital for organizations seeking to achieve the set strategic objectives through projects, particularly New Product Development (NPD) projects. However, there is limited attention among scholars and practitioners about sustainable BMI and its methods. Eco-innovation efforts (including the environmental, social and economic dimensions of innovation) concentrate on triple bottom line goals, but to date there seems to be a deficit of academic and practitioner literature on the effect of this type of innovation on new business models. Scholars has been trying to address this gap, mostly focused on eco-innovation from a product-centric perspective where the product is the cornerstone of the new sustainable business models. And this is how conventional sustainable business model innovation is being developed.
Sustainable Change Management
Authors: Salama Mohamed , Capaldi Ed
Published: March 2019

Get ready! Buckle up! This chapter is very different from the previous chapters and even the following chapters, in this textbook. It is about change, so it leads by example! A change in the writing style, the structure and the approach. Our approach in this chapter, deviates from the standard academic writing style to a more practical, hands-on, case study-based approach. Most of the content reflects on the first author’s vast experience; guiding businesses to cope with the challenges amid the volatile, uncertain, complex and ambiguous (VUCA) economic environment. The main body of the chapter is based on a fictitious case study about Kimlach Shahidi, a business owner and a CEO of a struggling business, seeking to adapt her business to the new economic realities of the Digital Age to build sustainable businesses and win in the VUCA 1 reality. In telling her story, Ed Capaldi uses a free writing style that makes it easy to read and follow, and hopefully an enjoyable learning tool.
However, it was deemed appropriate that at the outset the reader gets introduced to the relevant academic concepts covered in this chapter which is presented by the second author, the editor of the textbook, and which ties well with the previous chapters, particularly the section that discusses in depth Scrum as a process, following the earlier discussion on teams in Chapter 2.
Blockchain, A Disruptive Technology in the Sustainable Economic System
Authors: Karamitsos Ioannis , Salama Mohamed , Gindy Mohamed El
Published: March 2019

This chapter aims to provide managers in general and project managers in particular with the basic information about one of the most hyped disruptive technology concept in the shared digital economy today: Blockchain. Blockchain and other disruptive technologies such as Internet of Things (IoT), Artificial Intelligence (AI), and Big Data are important disruptive steps that are increasingly relevant when defining and managing projects in the sharing digital business economy. The chapter comprises three main parts. The first part introduces the basic concept of the disruptive technologies in the digital transformation context and the main blocks required for the build of Blockchain framework. The focus is on describing each block in details applicable for any selected platform. The second part of the chapter outlines the concept of the smart contract. The general aim is to provide knowledge with actionable guidelines on how best to implement a smart contract using the Ethereum platform. All the components for the design, deployment, and implementation of decentralized applications (Dapps) are discussed. The final part discusses the benefits of using smart contract on the Blockchain technology and wraps up by two brief illustrative case studies, enlightening project managers about the Blockchain technology applications in different vertical segments; Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) leading to Environmental Product Declaration (EDA) and energy trading in pursuit of sustainable development.
Antropometria e desempenho motor de atletas de Futebol de 7
Authors: Rosch de Faria Fernando , Borges Mariane , Buratti Jéssica Reis , Nogueira Claudio Diehl , Vieira Ivaldo Brandão , Godoy Priscila Samora , Gorla José Irineu
Published: March 2019

Introdução: O futebol de 7 é um esporte intermitente no qual a capacidade de força é evidenciada, tornando a avaliação desta e outras capacidades essenciais para o alcance do desempenho esportivo. Objetivo: O objetivo deste estudo foi identificar o perfil antropométrico e do desempenho motor, por classe funcional e posição de atletas da seleção brasileira de futebol de 7. Metodologia: A amostra foi composta por 16 atletas. Na avaliação antropométrica foi medido: MC, estatura, IMC, pregas cutâneas e circunferência abdominal. Para o desempenho motor foram utilizados: saltos verticais, agilidade 10 x 5 e RAST test. Resultados: As variáveis antropométricas apresentaram média da MC de 69,6±7,3, IMC de 19,9±1,9, somatória de nove pregas 88,8±35,4 e %G 10,6±5,4. O desempenho motor apresentou resultados para agilidade de 18,9±1,1, Countermovement jump 33,4±8, Squat jump 31,6±7,6 e potência média 6,3±1,5. Conclusão: Os resultados se apresentaram adequados para atletas de alto rendimento e o desempenho motor sofreu influências da classe funcional.
Annual Reviewer Acknowledgement
Authors: Editor Chief
Published: March 2019

The editorial team of the journal would like to thank the reviewers for their work in referring manuscripts during 2013.
Annual Reviewer Acknowledgement
Authors: Editor Chief
Published: March 2019

The editorial team of the journal would like to thank the reviewers for their work in referring manuscripts during 2014.
How do Humans Interact with Chatbots?: An Analysis of Transcripts
Authors: Park Mina , Aiken Milam , Salvador Laura
Published: March 2019

Chatbots enable machines to emulate human conversation, and recent developments have resulted in many online systems for the public to use. Although a few studies have investigated how humans interact with such programs, we are not aware of any that have analyzed transcripts in depth. In this study, students interacted with two Web-based chatbots, Rose and Mitsuku, for five minutes and evaluated how well they thought the software emulated human conversation. We reviewed the transcripts and found that students used fairly simple language and made many text errors. There were no significant differences between the two systems in our experimental measures, but we found that Rose tended to change the topic more often and Mitsuku seemed more argumentative.
Differential Pulse Anodic Stripping Voltammetric Analysis for Determination Selenium (IV) in Bulk and in Dosage Formulations Using Multi-Modified Gold Electrode With a Mixture of O-Phenylenediamine and 2,3-Diaminonaphthalene-Nafion
Authors: Ramadan Abdul Aziz , Mandil Hasna , Shikh-Debes Abdulrahman
Published: March 2019

The effect of gold electrode modified with 2,3-Diaminonaphthalene (GEMDANN) or multi-modified or a mixture 2,3-diaminonaphthalene and o-phenylenediamine -nafion (GEMDAN-OPDAN) on determination of selenium (IV) using differential pulse anodic stripping voltammetric analysis (DPASVA) has been studied. Various parameters (electrolyte, deposition time, pulse duration, pulse amplitude, etc.) are affecting determination of the Se(IV) in HClO4 (0.2 M) at pH 0.22 were examined. Under the optimum conditions, liner calibration graph, Ip=f(CSe4+), were obtained in the concentration ranges of 5x10-8 - 1x10-6 M (3.948 -78.96 ng.mL-1 ) with relative standard deviations (RSD) 4.2% and detection limit 0.056 ng.mL-1, and 1x10-9 -1x10-6 M (0.07896 -78.96 ng.mL-1 ) with relative standard deviations (RSD) 4.9% and detection limit was 0.014 ng.mL-1 on GEMDANN and GEMDAN-OPDAN, respectively. This method showed a good accumulation efficiency for selenium and good resistance to interferences from metal ions as well as those associated with selenium in pharmaceuticals. The results for the determination of Se4+ using GEMDAN-OPDAN (multi-modified) were more sensitive (about 50 times) than that obtained using GEMDANN.
Expansion Of Virtual E-Assessment Via Framework In Web-Based Courses
Authors: Nekoueizadeh Marziyeh , Bahrani Taher
Published: March 2019

It is generally believed that assessment has important impact on instruction and learning (Gibbs, 1999; Scouller, 1998). The existence of gaps between educational system and the real world of work cause to materialize e-assessment as an essential component of teaching contexts. In fact, virtual and practical e- assessment provides feedbacks for students to meet what they need for regulation of good performance in the authentic environments. The expansion of virtual e-assessment is one of the controversial issues among training administrators to generate valid and reliable assessments results in higher education contexts by undertaking purposes such as providing a basis for evaluating the quality of instructional context and serving feedback loops for learners by associating themselves in self-assessment to actualize their desires. In the same line, the present paper has an attempt to discuss a conceptual framework for implementation of reliable and valid e-assessment in web-based courses by highlighting viewpoints of different scholars with regard to the role of e-assessment as an integral part of teaching and learning process.
Processing The Difference In Spanish-Language Media In Morocco
Authors: Jablonka Frank -
Published: March 2019

Spanish-language media in Morocco represent currently an almost unexplored field of research. The present contribution is centred on some aspects of postcolonial (and even, in a large sense, colonial, since we take into account online documents from the Spanish presidios on the Mediterranean coast as well) discours formations in the Spanish-language blogosphere. While discourses focused on postcolonial topics in French blogs have already been analyzed (Torterat, forthcoming), investigations of a similar orientation do not seem to have been carried out on our research object.
The Bible Interpretation Through Poetry
Authors: Brown Angela
Published: March 2019

I have composed an educational plan used to improve reading interpretation and writing catharsis of the Bible. Upon studying the theory of the inequity of justice practice within my moral faith, I wanted to express my feelings of the Church through a poem. I felt I owed it to God to provide a positive reflection of my faith to others so they could relate to the Bible and understand my position of faith. Faith is a measurement of time utilized to explicate meaning.
The Identity of Meaning in the Translated Texts
Authors: Kaur Lovleen
Published: March 2019

Translation is basically a process of conveying meaning or meaning of a given-linguistic discourse of a language into other language, more than just transferring words or grammatical structure of the Source Language (SL). The meaning of a word or set of words can be well understood because of its role in the whole linguistic expression in where they occur. For this reason, the meaning of a word is not only determined by the referred object or idea, but it is also governed by the use of the words or phrases in a certain way, context, and effects. The translator struggles to convey the exact meaning as there are no exact matches for words or expressions across languages. Moreover words have symbolic meanings attached to them.
Motivation in Reading Among Learners of English as a Second Language
Authors: Ali Zahid , Gopang Illahi Bux , Qassemi Farhad , Bughio Faraz Ali
Published: March 2019

The prominent significance of motivation on all skills of language learning is brilliant to all. Despite considerable researches have been done on motivation, there is no sufficient study on the effects of motivation on reading. So far, this study attempts to demonstrate influences of different types of motivation on reading of second language learners. Using a qualitative case study approach, this study examines different aspects of motivation affects on 20 Malaysian girls studying in Master Degree in University of Malaya. The candidates took part in an interview and all questions were explained to them and then they filled up a reconstructed Wigfield questionnaire. The challenge of identifying different types of motivation led to finding out that efficacy and competition in reading plays significant role in reading activities. In sum, the data is presenting the crucial issue that extrinsic and intrinsic motivation empowers each other.
How does Diglossia in Arabic affect the development of morphological knowledge throughout elementary schools?
Authors: Abu Dahud Riham Mutlak- , Ibrahim Raphiq , Shany Michal
Published: March 2019

The current study aimed to examine the impact of linguistic distance between spoken Arabic vernacular (SAV) and modern standard Arabic (MSA) on the development of morphological knowledge in the standard Arabic language throughout elementary school. 132 native Arab children (67 boys and 65 girls) from 2nd, 4th and 6th grade have participated in four morphological tasks. The study's results indicated that a significant advantage is ascribed to morphology in spoken Arabic over standard Arabic. This advantage was found beyond the type of task and along the grades examined in the study. In addition, it was found that with the advance in the level of grade, the gaps between the spoken language and the standard language is reduced only at the level of production. Furthermore, the findings showed that throughout the second, fourth and sixth grades, there is a significant advantage for the performance at the identification level over the performance at the production level. A significant interaction was also found in the gap between identification to production and at the level of grade concerning the literary language. The psycholinguistic implications are discussed in light of previous findings regarding morphological knowledge, type of words (cognate versus noncognate) and recognition versus production processes.
ANALYSING A RIGHT-WING TEXT THROUGH HALLIDAYS TRANSTIVITY SYSTEM AND CRITICAL DISCOURSE ANALYSIS
Authors: Ghobain Dr. ELHAM
Published: March 2019

In this paper, I attempt to present an example of following Hallidays grammatical system in analysing a text that can bear racial references. Doing so, the text analysis can be viewed from a critical discourse analysis perspective. The text chosen, titled Europe Must Close Its Borders or be Swamped by Third World, published in 2009, exhibits a typical example of the political rhetoric used by far-right political parties represented by one of its leaders in Britain, Nick Griffin. My assumption is that every word, every verb, and every phrase used is carefully chosen to convey the intended agendas of the party to its prospect voters in a clever way, which achieves its maximum effect with little or no apparent violation to the press guidelines. I also believe that such a stirring text, as far as the paper is concerned, would benefit from the use of various types of verbs and phrases that should suffice the requirement of the analysis. The paper may be of good use to students interested in studying this system of analysis as it deeply goes into the details of the used text.
LE DESIR POATIQUE DE LA NATURE CHEZ LE CLÃZIO
Authors: GNAYORO Jean Florent Romaric
Published: March 2019

La nature occupe une place primordiale chez Le Clézio qui en viendrait à la rendre poétique. En effet, il étendson désir vers celui d’une nature qui se trouverait ainsi poétisée. Si l’accent avec lui est mis sur la volonté de certains de ses personnages à s’inscrire dans une vie en harmonie avec la nature, il n’en demeure pas moins que l’expression qu’ils en donnent se trouve rattachée au lyrisme qui les anime. C’est ainsi que la tentation poétique chez Le Clézio s’inscrira dans son désir d’une nature qui se revêtira des émotions des personnages. Justement, pour Le Clézio, la nature existe mais dépendamment de celui qui la perçoit, qui est en quelque sorte à la source de sa connaissance. Voilà pourquoi, on retrouve chez lui des personnages qui l’exposent tout en y ajoutant quelque poésie, sinon un lyrisme assez prononcé. Cependant, avec Le Clézio, la tendance à une quelconque poésie est subtile, car si elle existe, elle découle d’une « musique » qui s’évertuerait à suivre un modèle qu’on pourrait aisément retrouver dans la nature réelle. Toutefois, la petite note qui ferait la différence, en ce qui concerne l’auteur, toucherait à l’expression d’une nature empreinte du lyrisme des personnages qui s’y aventurent. En parlant du désir poétique de la nature chez Le Clézio, nous entendons, de ce fait, une esthétique qu’il développe de manière à asseoir un idéal de vie, tout au moins, sa vision personnelle des choses au monde naturel. En effet, Le Clézio arrive bien souvent à disposer une aventure où sont mis en scène des personnages désireux d’entrer en contact avec une nature originelle. Mais, lorsqu’il entreprend cet exercice de représentation du réel naturel, Le Clézio n’hésite pas à accorder une certaine volonté intrinsèque à ce dernier qui « parlerait » à ses personnages. Peut-être, la poésie qui semble ici se dessiner consiste, progressivement, chez l’auteur à combler le désir des personnages avides d’une nature originelle qui, pour ainsi dire, en vient à apparaître comme l’élaboration d’une personnification, en fait, comme « un personnage atypique », à son tour.
STUDENTS PERCEPTIONS TOWARDS THE EFFECTIVE FEEDBACK PRACTICES IN THE LARGE EFL WRITING CLASS BASED ON STUDENTS ENGLISH PROFICIENCY LEVEL
Authors: Susanti Rini
Published: March 2019

Motivated by my own experience in teaching and learning academic writing in a large class of more than 50 students, I aim to find out the students perceptions towards the effective feedback practices in a large EFL writing class in Indonesia. There were 150 students participating by answering the the questionnaire. The data was analyzed based on English proficiency level (the students TOEFL scores). The findings showed that based on the students English proficiency level, they perceived feedback from their lecturers is effective when it is given in written form, while from their peers, it should be in oral form.
Testing the Cognitive Processing Model of Chinese Scalar Implicatures
Authors: Liu Si , Wang Chunmei
Published: March 2019

This paper reports our experimental study of the cognitive processing of scalar implicature in the Chinese language. Our experiments tested the two processing models: the Default model proposed by the neo-Gricean theorists and the Context-Driven model supported by the post-Gricean, which has long been debated in the pragmatic research field. Our Experiment 1 investigated whether scalar implicature might be generated in neutral contexts (neither enabling nor canceling the processing of scalar implicature). By manipulating the scalar trigger yixie (some) in sentence-initial and sentence-final conditions, the reading times on the target phrase qiyude/qitade (the rest/the others) showed facilitation in the sentence-initial. In Experiment 2, a picture-sentence verification of under-informative utterance was performed in order to test the cost of generating scalar implicature. The results showed the significant effects of the two factors (Quantifiers  and Picture-Match/NoMatch). The yes/no responses showed that native speakers of Chinese were sensitive to scalar implicature. However, the role of context in processing scalar implicature was not supported. Experiment 3 was designed to test the processing of scalar implicature in Upper-Bound (enabling the processing) and Lower-Bound (canceling the processing) contexts. The result of this online experiment was slightly in favor of the Context-Driven model. The findings of the three experiments were significantly in agreement with neither the CM nor the DM. We presumed that the processing of scalar implicature might be accounted for with an alternative model. This was the first study to use this experimental paradigm in the Chinese language, whose findings were expected to highlight a need for further studies in order to investigate the meaning processing models with various languages and cultures.
Evaluating different types of signs in Reuters photos from the Peirce and Burgins perspectives
Authors: Kazemi Foroogh , Ateni Narjes Ghasemi
Published: March 2019

This article sought to comparatively examine different types of signs in Reuters news agency photos from Peirce and Burgins perspectives. The research data are photos with social and cultural themes being selected from the Reuters news agency which depicted the Iranian customs, traditions and culture. The research is accomplished focusing on a variety of signs from Peirce and Burgins perspectives. This study attempted to answer these questions that In Reuters social photos which sign has the highest frequency, Can semiotic theories be applied for photo interpretation and does the semiotics study of Reuters social photos lead to the fact that photography has an arbitrary system The findings showed that 14 photos were consistent in terms of Burgin and Peirces perspectives, but for 16 photos, these two views were incompatible with each other. According to the fact that the data analyzed in this study were photos, all photos had an iconic relationship with their object (theme).Therefore, the iconic signs were 30 enjoying the highest frequency. The indexical signs had a frequency of 14 and the last belonged to symbolic signs with 10 cases. The findings also suggested that semiotic theories can be applied in photos interpretation. In addition, the semiotics in Reuters social photos made it clear that photography has an arbitrary system
The Linguistic Atlas of the East of Guilan on the Basis of Morphological Analysis (Lexical - Inflectional)
Authors: Afshar Maryam Mahlouji , Kalbassi Iran
Published: March 2019

This article, in line with â€œThe National Project of the Dialectologyâ€, aims to provide a linguistic atlas in the East of Guilan province. Due to the large number of speakers in the southern edge of the Caspian Sea and many differences between dialects and accents, this area has great importance linguistically and providing the linguistic atlas in representation and introduction of dialects in this land can be an important achievement to access the indigenous, cultural, social and historical studies among linguistics and persons who are interested in culture. In order to achieve this principal issue, there has been investigated the morphological differences and similarities (lexical - inflectional) of language varieties in the East of Guilan province with the standard Persian- even more than phonetic and syntactic analysis- and they can have the principal role in providing the linguistic atlas. So in this article, through presenting the morphological evidences (lexical - inflectional) and comparing them with standard Persian, there has been marked a dialect with different accents- the Guilaki dialect from the East of Guilan province and it has been depicted for linguistic atlas. The study was conducted by library and field method and by collecting data from a questionnaire consisting of 100 words and sampling from 20 villages in the East of Guilan province- from Astaneh Ashrafieh to the end of the eastern border of Guilan province (Chaboksar). The data obtained by each village has been considered in the tables related to each word and has been moved on the map of region after comparing with the standard Persian and finally the linguistic atlas has been made. To achieve genuine accents, the speakers of middle-aged who spent much of their life in the area have been helped and villages have been considered with more phonetic differences in accent.
The effect of prosody teaching on developing word recognition skills for interpreter trainees: An experimental study
Authors: Yenkimaleki Mahmood , Heuven Vincent J. van
Published: March 2019

The present study investigates the effect of the explicit teaching of prosodic features on developing word recognition skills with interpreter trainees. Two groups of student interpreters were composed. All were native speakers of Farsi who studied English translation and interpreting at the BA level at the State University of Arak, Iran. Participants were categorized into two groups at random, but with equal division between genders (9 female and 9 male students in each group). No significant differences in English language skills (TOEFL scores) could be established between the groups. Participants took a pretest of word recognition skill before starting the program. The control group received exercises in listening comprehension, while the experimental group spent part of the time on theoretical explanation and practical exercises developing conscious knowledge of prosodic features of English, such as word stress. The total instruction time was the same for both groups, i.e. 8 hours. Students then took a posttest of word recognition skills. The results show that prosodic feature awareness training did yield a statistically significant improvement of word recognition skills. The result has pedagogical implications for researchers in the field of second language teaching, instructors, curriculum designers, conductors of interpreting programs for training future interpreters, material producers and all who are involved in language study and pedagogy.
Listening Metacognitive Awareness
Authors: LEE Hsin-I , Mukhlynina Irina
Published: March 2019

Closely connected with other language skills, listening plays an essential role in language acquisition that is why perception of authentic speech is one of the most important aspects of language teaching and development of learners listening strategies is substantial in language teaching.  In this paper, we examine French and English literature on this topic. We conduct our study by means of a questionnaire among 21 Chinese and 21 Russian university students who achieved at least Intermediate level in French L2. The data analysis allows us to show how difficult listening is for the students and also to demonstrate which metacognitive listening strategies they use. Finally, we draw some trends in L2 listening among interviewed Chinese and Russian students.
Stylistic Analysis of the poem"Leisure" By William Davies
Authors: Akhter Shaheen
Published: March 2019

The researcher has tried to highlight the dilemma of modern man described in the poem leisure by William Davies. Modern man is so much engrossed in getting and spending that he has no time to see and enjoy the beauty of nature. Nature is present everywhere in its full bloom and splendour but modern man is so much pre-occupied with worldly pursuits and materialistic designs that he has no time to see and enjoy the beauty manifested in various forms. The natural elements present an invitation to man but a modern man,being busy in rat race, refuses their invitation. He has declared blunt refusal to his aesthetic sense and replaced it with lust for money and other worldly designs. Even animals are much better than man because they live in the heart of nature and enjoy its company. God has, no doubt,created man to explore the nature and praise its beauty but modern man has made himself slave of time and gives preference to his evil designs instead of thinking and brooding upon nature and its blessed beauty.
Conceptualization of Persian Relative Structure in Cognitive Grammar
Authors: Khoshbakht Sahel , Golfam Arsalan , Kord Zaferanloo Kamboozia Alie , Aghagolzadeh Ferdows
Published: March 2019

Abstract

In the cognitive approach to linguistics, language is considered as a part of the cognitive system which mirrors the conceptual organization as well as the world within the speakers' mind. According to this view, the outside world experience is reflected in the language structure and language forms. This modern approach includes a variety of principles, perspectives, assumptions and models, among which the Cognitive Grammar Model is recognized as the most noticeable one. This grammar considers a symbolic nature for a language which symbolizes the meaning and thought. On the other hand, relativization as a notion in every individual's mind and cognition is considered as a universal manifested in all languages. Thus, the present research   tries to clarify the conceptualization and symbolization of Persian relative structure from the cognitive point of view and by the use of cognitive means. It, also studies different types of relative structures in Persian, on the basis of Langacker (2008) model and differentiates the restrictive and non-restrictive relative clauses in Persian. The methodology used in the analysis of this research is the descriptive-analytical methodology. For the data collection, the corpus methodology is used and examples of Persian relative structures are studied. The present research findings show that Persian conceptualization of the relative structures can be clarified in the cognitive approach and Persian relative structures can be studied on the basis of Langacker model.
About the Dirichlet Boundary Value Problem using Clifford Algebras
Authors: Ceballos Johan
Published: March 2019

This paper reviews and summarizes the relevant literature on Dirichlet problems for monogenic functions on classic Clifford Algebras and the Clifford algebras depending on parameters on. Furthermore, our aim is to explore the properties when extending the problem to and, illustrating it using the concept of fibres. To do so, we explore ways in which the Dirichlet problem can be written in matrix form, using the elements of a Clifford's base. We introduce an algorithm for finding explicit expressions for monogenic functions for Dirichlet problems using matrices in Finally, we illustrate how to solve an initial value problem related to a fibre.
Supplement to the Collatz Conjecture
Authors: Nikolaychuk Anatoliy
Published: March 2019

For any natural number was created the supplement sequence, that is convergent together with the original sequence. The parameter - index was defined, that is the same tor both sequences. This new method provides the following results:

All natural numbers were distributed into different classes according to the corresponding indexes;

The analytic formulas ( not by computer performed routine calculations) were produced, the formulas for groups of consecutive natural numbers of different lengths, having the same index;

The new algorithm to find index for any natural number was constructed and proved.
Some local Forms of Known Convergences of Sequence of Real Valued Functions
Authors: Doda Doris , Tato Agron
Published: March 2019

Using the notions of local uniform and strong local uniform con-vergence for the sequence of real valued functions or with value in metric space, the class of locally equally and strong locally equally convergences are studied. We are concern to dependence of type of some convergences from the neighborhood of the limit point. The known locally uniformly convergence is a key of some applications of this idea. We can reformulate one type of Arzela Theorem and nd relations of this convergence with quasi-uniformly by segments of Alexandro off convergence. Beside this type of convergence, we focus to another convergence which is nearer the well known a-convergence.