bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Las escuelas Labaca de A Coruña, un ejemplo de pedagogía manjoniana en un edificio modernista
Authors: Vázquez Ramil Raquel , Porto Ucha Ángel Serafín
Published: June 2022

Andrés Manjón se preocupó por la educación de los menos favorecidos. A partir de 1889 abrió escuelas en el Sacromonte (Granada), cuyo modelo se extendió rápidamente por España. Muchas fueron de patrocinio particular, como las Escuelas Labaca de A Coruña, costeadas por la familia Labaca en las proximidades del puerto coruñés, para atender a los hijos de familias trabajadoras. El edificio fue diseñado por Leoncio Bescansa Casares, destacado arquitecto del modernismo coruñés, y hoy sigue en uso como CEIP Labaca. El objetivo de este artículo es analizar la creación de un centro manjoniano en la ciudad de A Coruña en 1915, las vicisitudes de su construcción y su mantenimiento en el tiempo como centro público, que constituye a la vez un testimonio de la escuela activa y un modelo de edificio modernista de gran interés arquitectónico. Hemos utilizado documentación primaria sobre la construcción del edificio, del Archivo Municipal de A Coruña, y documentación de matrícula y libros de visita, custodiada en la secretaría del propio centro; prensa de la época, que da noticias sobre la escuela; y bibliografía sobre la pedagogía manjoniana y la ciudad de A Coruña en el primer tercio del siglo xx.
Effect of batched water exposed to a constant magnetic field on the properties of concrete filled with waste fly ash, phosphogypsum and starch
Authors: Miękoś Ewa , Klepka Tomasz , Zieliński Marek , Sroczyński Dariusz , Garbacz Łukasz , Fenyk Anna , Łukawska Anna
Published: June 2022

The influence of batched water exposed to a constant magnetic field (B = 1 T) on the properties of concrete was investigated. Fillers such as coal fly ash (CFA), phosphogypsum (PB) and native potato starch dispersed in epoxy resin [EP(S)], were used to obtain concrete based on Portland cement (PC). The magnetized batched water had a positive effect on the properties of concrete, reducing water absorption and increasing flexural and compressive strengths. The obtained concrete is a new promising building material that can be used to manufacture e.g. building foundations, flush-mounted installations and insulation layers.
Organosilicon polymer for the release of antimicrobial drugs
Authors: Sarraj Sara , Szymiczek Małgorzata
Published: June 2022

An organosilicon polymer was developed for the release of antimicrobial drugs. The influence of the drug itraconazole (Itrax) on polymer properties such as density, hardness, rebound resilience, tensile strength, accelerated aging, structure and antifungal activity was investigated. There were slight changes in physicochemical properties and significant deterioration of mechanical ones. The evaluation of the fungicidal activity showed time-limited antifungal properties.
Biopolymers as renewable polymeric materials for sustainable development - an overview
Authors: Srivastava Abhinav , Srivasatva Atul Kumar , Singh Ashutosh , Singh Priti , Verma Sangeeta , Vats Monika , Sagadevan Suresh
Published: June 2022

Based on the review of 115 literature items, the article presents biopolymers as renewable polymer materials for sustainable development. The types of biopolymers and their applications are discussed, including biopolymers based on starch, cellulose, bacteria, soy and natural polyester. It also describes the issues of biocompatibility, the principles of sustainable chemistry and sustainable development, as well as market trends and future application directions.
Symbolic and Material Valuation of Jamu: Economic Sociology of Indonesian Jamu Market
Authors:   Department of Sociology, Universitas Indonesia, Indonesia, Nurmajesty Hakiki , Hardjosoekarto Sudarsono ,   Department of Sociology, Universitas Indonesia, Indonesia, Herwantoko One ,   Department of Sociology, Universitas Indonesia, Indonesia, Ramadhani Dimas Caraka ,   Department of Sociology, Universitas Indonesia, Indonesia, Salsabila Syifa Andini ,   Department of Sociology, Universitas Indonesia, Indonesia
Published: June 2022

This paper analyzes the important role of jamu in the complementary medical market of Indonesia by exploring the four types of market valuation as proposed in the social order of market by Jens Beckert (Beckert, 2009). Different from studies conducted by Srivastava et al. (2021), Kumar et al. (2021), Neto et al. (2020), and Poonthananiwatkul et al. (2015) that mostly discuss physical and material value, specifically on the product standardization and pharmacological characteristics of traditional medicine at the respective Asian countries, this study focuses on both material and symbolic qualities of jamu in Indonesia. By presenting market valuation as a composite of standardization, cognitive anchoring, normative legitimation, and social positioning, this study reveals that Jamu is more recognized by its symbolic value than its material or physical value. As a methodological novelty, this study illustrates how to visualize the pattern and structure of connectivity between words as a value formation process in jamu market by employing TNA and corpus-based SNA using Gephi and WORDij software. This study also illustrates a theoretical operationalization of how the issue of product valuation in the market as social order is justified by empirical evidence.
Kinetic and Thermodynamic Analysis of Thermal Decomposition of Waste Virgin PE and Waste Recycled PE
Authors: Rasaidi Nurameylia , Mohamad Daud Ahmad Rafizan , Ismail Siti Norazian
Published: June 2022

Polyethylene is one of the key components of plastic wastes that can be utilized for resource recovery through pyrolysis method. Understanding of thermal decomposition properties and reaction mechanism of pyrolysis are necessary in designing an efficient reactor system. This study investigated the kinetics and thermodynamics parameters for individual waste virgin polyethylene (WVPE) and waste recycled polyethylene (WRPE) by using distributed activation energy model (DAEM). The calculated kinetic parameters (activation energy (Ea) and pre-exponential factor (A) were used to determine thermodynamic parameters (enthalpy (ΔH), Gibbs free energy (ΔG) and entropy (ΔS). The activation energy (Ea) values for the WVPE estimated at conversion interval of 5%-95% were in the range of 180.62 to 268.04 kJ/mol while for the WRPE, the values were between 125.58 to 243.08 kJ/mol. This indicates the influence of exposure to weathering and mechanical stress during recycling on the course of the WRPE degradation. It was also found that the pyrolysis reaction for both WVPE and WRPE were best fitted using the two-dimensional diffusion (D2) model. The WVPE exhibited higher enthalpy and lower ΔG compared to WRPE, suggesting that less energy is required to thermally degrade recycled waste PE into products of char, gases and pyro-oils.  Both kinetics and thermodynamics analyses were useful for the development of the plastic waste management through pyrolysis process.
Properties of Functions on a Bounded Charge Space
Authors: Keith Jonathan M.
Published: June 2022

A charge space (X, 𝒜, µ) is a generalisation of a measure space, consisting of a sample space X, a field of subsets 𝒜 and a finitely additive measure µ, also known as a charge. Properties a real-valued function on X may possess include T
1-measurability and integrability. However, these properties are less well studied than their measure-theoretic counterparts.

This paper describes new characterisations of T
1-measurability and integrability for a bounded charge space (µ(X) < ∞). These characterisations are convenient for analytic purposes; for example, they facilitate simple proofs that T
1-measurability is equivalent to conventional measurability and integrability is equivalent to Lebesgue integrability, if (X, 𝒜, µ) is a complete measure space.

New characterisations of equality almost everywhere of two real-valued functions on a bounded charge space are provided. Necessary and sufficient conditions for the function space L
1(X, 𝒜, µ) to be a Banach space are determined. Lastly, the concept of completion of a measure space is generalised for charge spaces, and it is shown that under certain conditions, completion of a charge space adds no new equivalence classes to the quotient space ℒ
p
(X, 𝒜, µ).
RICE 2020: Exploring the Inclusivity of European Churches towards LGBTI People
Authors: Brouwer Rein , Zorgdrager Heleen , d’Alò Pilar M.
Published: June 2022

Religion plays a major part in the changes that have taken place with regard to the recognition of rights of Lesbian, Gay, Transgender, Bisexual and Intersex (LGBTI) people. In today’s world, growing activism around sexual and gender diversity meets increased hostility towards LGBTI people. This research article presents the design of a collaborative research project to explore and investigate the empirical situation of European churches towards inclusivity of LGBTI people.
Crystal structure of catena-poly[diaqua-bis(μ2-1,3-di(1H-imidazol-1-yl)propane-κ2
N:N′)cobalt(II)] tetrafluoroterephthalate, C26H28N8O6F4Co
Authors: Huang Xiao-Zhou , Lu Jiu-Fu
Published: June 2022

C26H28N8O6F4Co, monoclinic, C2/m (no. 12), a = 15.7590(18) Å, b = 11.6981(15) Å, c = 9.1210(12) Å, β = 121.227(7)°, V = 1437.8(3) Å3, Z = 2, R

gt
(F) = 0.0323, wR

ref
(F
2) = 0.0904, T = 293(2) K.
Crystal structure of catena-poly[(5,5,7,12,12,14-hexamethyl -1,4,8,11-tetraazacyclotetradecane- κ
4
N,N′,Nʺ,N‴)nickel(II)-(μ2-perchlorato-κ
2
O:O′)] 3,5-dicarboxybenzoate – methanol (1/2), C27H49ClN4NiO12
Authors: Wang Qiong , Ou Guang-Chuan
Published: June 2022

C27H49ClN4NiO12, triclinic, P

1
‾

$\overline{1}$

(no. 2), a = 11.180(2) Å, b = 12.320(3) Å, c = 12.754(3) Å, α = 98.263(2)°, β = 97.524(2)°, γ = 99.470(2)°, V = 1693.1(6) Å3, Z = 2, R
gt(F) = 0.0423, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1238, T = 296(2) K.
The crystal structure of the co-crystal tetrakis[2-(tris(4-methoxyphenyl)stannyl)ethyl]silane – tetrahydrofuran – toluene – tetrahydrofurane (1/1/1), C103H116O13SiSn4
Authors: Aksu Yilmaz , Irran Elisabeth , Aksu Sevil
Published: June 2022

C103H116O13SiSn4, triclinic, P

1
‾

$\overline{1}$

(no. 2), a = 14.8676(4) Å, b = 17.6664(4) Å, c = 20.8357(6) Å, α = 106.430(2)°, β = 107.192(2)°, γ = 100.898(2)°, V = 4787.5(2) Å3, Z = 2, R

gt
(F) = 0.0325, wR

ref
(F
2) = 0.0845, T = 150 K.
Crystal structure of methyl 2-(1,3-dioxo-1H-benzo[de]isoquinolin-2(3H)-yl)acetate, C15H11NO4
Authors: Peng Wei , Yang Jicai , Yue Yu , Deng Xin , Jiang Wujiu
Published: June 2022

C15H11NO4, monoclinic, P21/n (no. 14), a = 8.0909(6) Å, b = 24.4463(18) Å, c = 12.6980(10) Å, β = 96.6020(10)°, V = 2494.9(3) Å3, Z = 8, R

gt
(F) = 0.0470, wR

ref
(F
2) = 0.1273, T = 296 (2) K.
A Pilot Study in Archaeological Metal Detector Geophysical Survey
Authors: Olson Eric
Published: June 2022

Metal detection (MD) has traditionally been viewed as a limited geophysical survey method for the identification of metal objects below the surface. However, this pilot study examines techniques utilizing the “ground balance” function, common to most modern metal detectors, to identify subsurface magnetic anomalies. The results of surveys have yielded inconclusive results on the use of metal detectors for feature identification. However, the results of this study suggest a high potential for more efficient and more productive archaeological reconnaissance surveys. The ground balance function, when combined with systematic sampling and geographic information systems interpolation methods, yields low-resolution subsoil magnetic susceptibility maps. Compared to other geophysical methods, such as gradiometry or electrical resistivity, the depth range of MD is limited. However, this technique, in upland contexts with shallow subsoils or sites with high potential for recent ground disturbing activities, can reveal subtle changes in the subsurface that traditional MD techniques would miss. Further studies are recommended to explore the many situations in which a metal detector can provide an informative alternative, though not a replacement, for other geophysical survey methods. This pilot study was funded by the National Geographic Society’s Early Career Grant program.
Effect of hemoglobin, triglyceride, and urea in different concentrations on compatibility between methods used in HbA1c measurement
Authors: Muhtaroglu Sabahattin , Barlak-Keti Didem , Saracoglu Hatice
Published: June 2022

Objectives

The variability between methods is seen in the existence of hemoglobin (Hb), triglyceride (TG), blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and glucose in the specimens, which can affect the measurement. Therefore, this study aimed to compare boronate affinity chromatography and turbidimetric inhibition immunoassay methods for glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels in samples containing different levels of Hb, TG, BUN and glucose.

Methods

In this study, a total of 412 consecutive samples were used for method comparison. The samples were divided into groups according to HbA1c, TG, BUN, Hb, and glucose levels. Clinically significant changes for HbA1c are defined as ≥0.5%.

Results

The mean relative difference as % was determined as 1.4% by the Bland–Altman plot of Trinity against Roche. The Passing–Bablok analysis indicated good agreement (r=0.985) between two methods. When compared the group with and without a clinically significant difference, we found differences only between glucose levels (p=0.003).

Conclusions

High glucose levels may cause a difference between the methods. Therefore, we suggest that a method’s performance and properties should be considered prior to clinical usage.
Effect of Aging on the Viscoelastic Mechanical Properties of Cement/Emulsified Asphalt Composite Repair Material
Authors: Li Yunliang , Fu Yubo , Tian Chengyu , Li Xu , Tan Yiqiu
Published: June 2022

Cement/emulsified asphalt composite repair material (CEACRM) is a pavement crack repair material mainly formed by mixing cement and emulsified asphalt; however, ultraviolet (UV) light causes its aging and affects its repair performance. In this work, the UV aging test of CEACRM was carried out to analyze the effect of aging on the viscoelastic mechanical properties of CEACRM and determine the aging mechanism and influencing factors. The creep test and frequency scanning test of aged CEARCM samples were carried out using a dynamic shear rheometer. The microstructure of CEACRM was studied by a scanning electron microscope. The effect of aging on CEACRM properties was studied by component analysis and infrared spectrum. Results show that aging deteriorates the viscoelastic properties of CEACRM and reduces its deformation and energy dissipation abilities, thereby diminishing its service performance. With further aging, the properties of CEACRM change from viscoelastic to elastic. Cement content and the microstructure formed by the interaction of cement and asphalt affect the aging resistance of CEACRM. Properly increasing the amount of cement can slow down the aging speed of CEACRM and improve the stability of mechanical properties of CEACRM.
Snow albedo and its sensitivity to changes in deposited light-absorbing particles estimated from ambient temperature and snow depth observations at a high-altitude site in the Himalaya
Authors: Ström Johan , Svensson Jonas , Honkanen Henri , Asmi Eija , Dkhar Nathaniel B. , Tayal Shresth , Sharma Ved P. , Hooda Rakesh , Meinander Outi , Leppäranta Matti , Jacobi Hans-Werner , Lihavainen Heikki , Hyvärinen Antti
Published: June 2022

Snow darkening by deposited light-absorbing particles (LAP) accelerates snowmelt and shifts the snow melt-out date (MOD). Here, we present a simple approach to estimate the snow albedo variability due to LAP deposition and test this method with data for 2 seasons (February–May 2016 and December 2016–June 2017) at a high-altitude valley site in the Central Himalayas, India. We derive a parameterization for the snow albedo that only depends on the daily observations of average ambient temperature and change in snow depth, as well as an assumed average concentration of LAP in snow precipitation. Linear regression between observed and parameterized albedo for the base case assuming an equivalent elemental carbon concentration [ECeq] of 100 ng g–1 in snow precipitation yields a slope of 0.75 and a Pearson correlation coefficient r2 of 0.76. However, comparing the integrated amount of shortwave radiation absorbed during the winter season using observed albedo versus base case albedo resulted in rather small differences of 11% and 4% at the end of Seasons 1 and 2, respectively. The enhanced energy absorbed due to LAP at the end of the 2 seasons for the base case scenario (assuming an [ECeq] of 100 ng g–1 in snow precipitation) was 40% and 36% compared to pristine snow. A numerical evaluation with different assumed [ECeq] in snow precipitation suggests that the relative sensitivity of snow albedo to changes in [ECeq] remains rather constant for the 2 seasons. Doubling [ECeq] augments the absorption by less than 20%, highlighting that the impact on a MOD is small even for a doubling of average LAP in snow precipitation.
“Breach of Trust” and U.S. v. Haymond
Authors: Doherty Fiona
Published: June 2022

United States v. Haymond, 139 S.Ct. 2369 (2019), exposed critical disagreements within the U.S. Supreme Court about the law and nature of federal supervised release. In competing 4-4-1 opinions, the justices clashed on whether framing a violation of supervised release as a “breach of trust” justifies the failure to extend Sixth Amendment rights to revocation proceedings. Given the changing composition of the Supreme Court, including Justice Breyer’s retirement, the Sixth Amendment debate in Haymond remains unresolved. This Article therefore examines the origins and evolution of the “breach of trust” framework, which several justices invoked to support the lack of jury trial rights at revocation. The Article shows how this framework—a product of advisory policy statements adopted more than three decades ago—has become garbled and disjointed over time.

This Article also unearths the record of Mr. Haymond’s own supervised release revocation hearing. The record reveals that the district court did not impose a five-year prison sentence on Mr. Haymond as a penalty for a breach of its trust. Instead, the district court considered the five-year sentence “repugnant” and expressed its distress over the inadequacies of the process that led to this outcome.
Reducing the Federal Prison Population
Authors: Scott-Hayward Christine S. , Ireland Connie
Published: June 2022

Decades of research on the impact of pretrial detention demonstrates that pretrial detention has consistent negative impacts on case outcomes. In particular, in the federal system, detained defendants are more likely to be sentenced to prison, and to receive longer sentences than comparable defendants released pending trial. Despite these negative impacts and despite an effective system of pretrial supervision, rates of pretrial detention in the federal system remain high, which impacts the overall federal prison population. This article explores the important role played by pretrial supervision in reducing prison populations by examining its impact on federal sentencing. Specifically, the article presents new research from the Central District of California, examining the mitigating role played by performance on pretrial supervision at sentencing. It concludes by highlighting the importance of judicial and legislative efforts to reduce federal pretrial detention rates.
COVID-19 Vaccination as a Condition of Federal Community Supervision
Authors: Bala Nila
Published: June 2022

In the two years since the start of the pandemic, COVID-19 continues to acutely affect those in the criminal legal system. In response, judges have considered a vaccine requirement as a condition of community supervision. Courts have justified the condition because remaining unvaccinated can harm both the individual on community supervision, as well as pose a risk to the public at large. This Article considers the legality and desirability of requiring COVID-19 vaccination as a condition of federal community supervision. The vaccine condition might ultimately meet statutory and constitutional requirements, as it is not particularly intrusive compared to other medical conditions that courts have previously upheld.

However, using the government’s power to mandate compliance (or risk incarceration) may not be the best way to encourage individual health decisions. Ultimately, the question of a vaccine condition on federal supervision suggests the need for a more robust discussion to be had about the responsible use of probation and supervision conditions. While we regularly incarcerate individuals for technical violations of discretionary conditions, we have scant empirical evidence about the impact of these conditions on the individual, and public safety overall.
‘Seeing is believing’: arguing for diagnostic laparoscopy as a diagnostic test for endometriosis
Authors: Mak Jason , Leonardi Mathew , Condous George
Published: June 2022

Lay summary

Endometriosis is a benign disease that can cause pain and infertility in women. Debate exists over how endometriosis should best be diagnosed. On one hand, endometriosis can be diagnosed by directly examining pelvic anatomy via a surgical procedure known as diagnostic laparoscopy. On the other hand, the disease can be diagnosed via non-surgical means such as using medical imaging, the symptoms described by the patient and whether the patient responds to non-surgical therapies such as medication. In this debate article, we argue in favour of diagnostic laparoscopy. We review the safety of the procedure, compare the ability of diagnostic laparoscopy vs medical imaging to detect endometriosis and consider the benefits of formally diagnosing or ruling out the condition.
Total Arch Replacement Combined with Stented Elephant Trunk Implantation for Acute Type A Aortic Dissection in an Octogenarian Patient
Authors: Zheng Zhifa , Hu Yuyuan , Cheng Xinmeng , Yang Tao , Wu Nan , Yang Lingbo , Wang Xuening
Published: June 2022

Background: The indications and outcome of surgery for Acute type A aortic dissection (ATAAD) in elderly patients are still debated, especially when they were above 80 years old.
 Case presentation: This report describes the case of an octogenarian patient with ATAAD who underwent total arch replacement (TAR) combined with stented elephant trunk (SET) implantation.
Conclusion: Emergent surgery should be performed on the ATAAD octogenarians without serious preoperative complications. Acceptable outcomes could be received by total arch replacement combined with SET implantation.
Muhammed Enes Topgül. Râvi: Hicri İkinci Yüzyılda Bir Muhaddisin İlim Serüveni. İstanbul: Ketebe, 2021. 193 sayfa.
Authors: GÖKTAŞ Recep Gürkan
Published: June 2022

Sıra dışı bakışıyla İslam tarihi alanına emsali az bulunur önemli çalışmalar armağan eden Richard W. Bulliet’ın aynı zamanda bir roman yazarı olduğu genelde dikkatimizden kaçar. Bulliet’ın ilk romanı, 1973’te yayınlanan ve Kicked to Death by a Camel adını taşıyan bir gizem romanıdır. Eleştirmenlerce mükemmel bir roman olarak görülmese de bu gibi kurgu eserleri Bulliet’ın bilimsel çalışmalarındaki başarısının sırrının bir yönünü ifşa eder. Neticede bir roman veya öykü yazsın ya da yazmasın, derleyip toparladıklarından iyi bir kurgu yapacak yetenekte olmak, kuvvetli bir hayal gücüne sahip olmak ve yapbozun elimizde olmayan parçalarını zihninde tamamlayabilmek iyi bir tarihçinin olmazsa olmaz niteliklerindendir.

Ülkemizde ilahiyat alanında bilimsel çalışmalarını sürdürenler arasında şiir yazanlara çokça rastlansa da roman ve öykü türü eserler verenler pek de fazla değildir. Muhammed Enes Topgül, son kitabı Râvi: Hicri İkinci Yüzyılda Bir Muhaddisin İlim Serüveni ile bu az sayıdaki yazar arasına katılmış olmaktadır.
Mercantilismo lingüístico a través del uso de voces quechuas
Authors: Cruzatte Ascurra Erika Isabel , Lovón Cueva Marco Antonio
Published: June 2022

Este estudio interpreta que el uso de voces quechuas para designar nombres a establecimientos comerciales con la intención de ofrecer un producto es una muestra del mercantilismo lingüístico. Para la elaboración del trabajo, se compiló información de cuatro negocios ubicados en Lima Metropolitana, cuyos nombres se encuentran en quechua. Los datos fueron extraídos de la página web de los locales comerciales y de entrevistas realizadas a los gerentes o administradores de los negocios. A partir de estos datos, se obtuvo el significado de los nombres por quienes administran las empresas, que permitió comprender las motivaciones o razones de la nominación. Se recogió también la información sobre el tipo de negocio, la ubicación dentro de Lima Metropolitana y la fecha de fundación. Como conclusión, se considera que las voces quechuas son una mercancía, sobre todo de productos de valor, en un contexto social e histórico que corresponde a la modernidad consumista.
Determination of Particular Relative Reduction in Cold Rolling of Thin and Extra Thin Strips to Implement the Process with the Least Force
Authors: Vasilev Ya. , Samokish D. , Bondarenko O. , Mospan N.
Published: June 2022

Introduction. It has been theoretically established and experimentally confirmed that the elastic deformations of rolls and strips in cold rolling have a significant and, in the case of thin rod rolling, a crucial effect on all process parameters.Problem Statement. The influence of the elastic-plastic interaction of a thin strip with rolls, the tension, the temperature and rate of deformation, and the strength of strip material shall be taken into account for developing a modern theory of longitudinal cold rolling.Purpose. Modeling and forecasting the parameters of cold rolling of thin and extra thin strips.Materials and Methods. To solve this problem, the conditions of rolling strips made of 08kp steel with different degrees of preliminary metal hardening, which reflected the features and regularities of hardening the strip material in the multicellular state line, have been modeled. The partial relative reductions vary within 0.02—0.35,with the initial data corresponding to the most characteristic conditions of cold rolling of thin and extra thin steel strips on operating mills taken.Results. The quantitative data on the influence of the strip thickness, at the entrance to the deformation zone, partial and preliminary relative reduction during cold rolling on the process conditions with the least force. For the first time, the conditions and range of partial relative reductions for the cold rolling process of thin and extra thin strips with the least force have been determined. It has been established that in the case of cold rolling of thin and extra thin strips made of unriveted and pre-hardened steel, varying partial relative reductions within the rangefrom 0.1 to 0.30—0.35 provides the realization of process with the least force.Conclusions. The implementation of cold rolling process with the least force is advantageous in terms of energy saving and manufacturability, as it allows reducing the specific consumption of electricity and expanding the range of cold rolling mills for smaller thicknesses of rolling strips and indicates the need to determine conditionsfor such a process.
Elmélet és gyakorlat kapcsolata •
Authors: Karácsony Rita , Vukoszávlyev Zorán
Published: June 2022

Elmélet és gyakorlat kapcsolatát ezúttal az építészetoktatás történetén keresztül vizsgáljuk, azon belül is az 1950-es évek lehetőségeit oktatói, majd hallgatói szemszögből végignézve. Ez az időszak két okból lehet külön kutatás tárgya. Egyrészt mert az 1940-es, 1950-es évek fordulóján a magánirodákat a nagy állami tervezőintézetek váltották fel, és így a professzorok sem folytathattak a továbbiakban önálló tervezői tevékenységet az oktatás mellett, pedig nem sokkal korábban a kettő még fizikailag is szorosan összefonódott, hiszen az egyetemen belül működtethették irodáikat. A másik, ami miatt az 1950-es évek eleje érdeklődésre tarthat számot, az a szocialista realista stílusdiktátum megjelenése, amelyhez az oktatásban is alkalmazkodni kellett. A tervezést oktatók gyakorlati tapasztalatszerzésének fontosságát minden irányból elismerték, így hamarosan megoldást találtak a problémára: az építészkari tanszékek tervezői munkaközösségként kaptak meghívást nagyszabású tervpályázatokra, vagy közvetlen megbízással keresték meg őket. A tanulmány a Magyar Építőművészet folyóiratban ekkoriban publikált tanszéki munkákat veszi sorra és mutatja be rajtuk keresztül az aktuális építészeti tendenciákat, melyek a Műegyetemen is egyértelműen éreztették hatásukat. A továbbiakban a hallgatók lehetőségeivel foglalkozunk, hiszen az építészetoktatásban az elméleti tudás elsajátításán túl a gyakorlati ismeretek minél szélesebb körű bővítése is nagy jelentőséggel bír – a múltban és napjainkban egyaránt. A hallgatók is bekapcsolódhattak bizonyos tanszéki feladatokba, de tervpályázatokon is indulhattak, külön engedéllyel dolgozhattak, illetve mindegyikük számára kötelező volt 1951-től a nyári termelési gyakorlaton való részvétel. Egy-egy visszaemlékezés segítségével kitérünk arra is, hogy mennyire voltak elégedettek az oktatók és a hallgatók egyetemen kívüli feladataikkal – így személyes nézőpontokkal is kiegészülnek a levéltári és szakirodalmi források.
Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Salvia fruticosa Mill. extract and the effect of synthesis parameters on their formation, antioxidant, and electro-catalytic activity
Authors: ERKAKAN Damla , DİKER Neziha Yağmur , ÖNAL Müşerref , ÇANKAYA İffet İrem
Published: June 2022

Among green synthesis methods, which are an eco-friendly, non-toxic, simple, and safe approach for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), using plant extract is the most efficient method. Salvia fruticosa Mill. which was not used formerly was selected for this research. By changing the synthesis parameters (the amount of extract, extract concentration, and silver ion concentration in precursors), their effects on the formation and structure of nanoparticles were investigated by UV-visible spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy techniques. The antioxidant activity of extracts and AgNPs was evaluated by performing DPPH assay. It is observed that the phytosynthesized nanoparticles also possess antioxidant potentials. Finally, AgNPs were used as modifiers for carbon paste electrode (CPE) and their effect on charge transfer resistance and the ascorbic acid signal was investigated by using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), cyclic voltammetry (CV), and square wave voltammetry (SWV). E1-1/CPE showed good electro-catalytic oxidation of ascorbic acid and can be utilized for the development of the new sensors. According to results, in the process of green synthesis of AgNPs, synthesis parameters are vital as they change not only the size and size distribution of the AgNPs but also their antioxidant activity and electrochemical properties.
The Role of Delawar Hossain Sayedee in the Qur’an Studies of Bangladesh
Authors: RAHMAN Mizanur
Published: June 2022

Looking at history, Bangladesh has a rich identity in terms of Islamic studies. In this country, where more than ninety percent of the population is Muslim, some Islamic scholars engaged in political activities have been influential in politics. In addition to the pressures of imperialism on the religious field, important figures emerged in the Islamic field as well as in the political field in the spread of the Qur'an and the construction of a Bangladeshi society in this way. Delawar Hossain Sayedee is a leading politician and Islamic scholar who warned Muslims in Bangladesh against this situation and supported them in their struggle. It has been emphasized on this topic, due to the scarcity of academic studies on this personality, who has been traveling all over the country, giving sermons, writing books, and trying to introduce people to the Qur'an and Sunnah directly. In this article, the role of Delawar Hossain Sayedee in the field of Qur'an studies in Bangladesh will be explained and one of his most important works, "Translation of the Holy Qur’an", will be evaluated with some of its prominent features.
The Sharing Economy and Social Entrepreneurship for Sustainable Development
Authors: Popov Evgeny V. , Veretennikova Anna Yu. , Kozinskaya Kseniya М.
Published: June 2022

In the present work, the authors set out to identify common ground between social entrepreneurship and the sharing economy, justify the application of these models for the sustainable development of society, as well as conduct a bibliographic study into these concepts to identify areas of overlap between them. For a more in-depth analysis, we studied 20 social entrepreneurs and 20 English versions of websites of organizations that implement the sharing economy model. Based on semantic data analysis and latent Dirichlet allocation, the texts under examination were grouped into 5 topics according to frequency of occurrence of keywords using the Python programming language. In order to trace a connection between these topics and sustainable development, we selected words that can serve as markers of environmental, social and economic aspects of the activities of these organizations. Each identified topic has appeared to have an aspect of digitalization. The study revealed that the application of the sharing economy model by social entrepreneurs and companies contributes to the sustainable development of society. The obtained results can be used in elaboration of approaches to provide the sustainable development of society.
Factors Determining Child Labor: Empirical Evidence from Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
Authors: Sikandar Sikandar , Panezai Sanaullah , Saqib Shahab E. , Muhammad Said , Bilal Bilal , Khan Imran
Published: June 2022

Children are forced to work when their families face financial pressures due to poverty, illness, or the loss of jobs. There is, however, still a perceived lack of research on the key factors contributing to child labor in Pakistan. This study examines the determinants of child labor in Mardan and Nowshera districts of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, a province of Pakistan. A total of 200 households were interviewed. A semi-structured questionnaire was developed to collect data from the family heads whose children are in child labor. A stepwise-regression model was adopted to explore the strength of the relationship between independent variables and dependent variable. The dependent variable was the child labor ratio and the independent variables were the socio-economic and demographic’ characteristics such as age, education, family size, parents’ occupation, the number of adult males and females, family income. The findings show that the family size was the most important determinant of child labor. Likewise, the number of adult females, parents’ occupation as daily wages labor, and the parents’ age had a positive influence on the extent of child labor. However, the number of adult males, family income, and parents’ education had a negative relationship with the extent of child labor. The questionnaire survey had shown that families considered poverty to be the main reason behind child labor, unemployment was the second reason and the third was number of dependent females within the families. Therefore, the government may target these families from lower socio-economic backgrounds to disseminate information about family planning and also include these people in the current governmental program to help them financially.
Forgotten Territories in the Iranian Home: Issues of Segregation
Authors: Valibeigi Mojtaba , Maroofi Sakineh , Danay Sara
Published: June 2022

This article addresses issues associated with segregation and gender discrimination in the traditional culture of Iranian home. The concept of Iranian home with an emphasis on its territories and social characteristics, as well as segregation and gender aspects, was investigated. Using expert opinions, seven house samples were analyzed. Following a review of plans and maps, interviews, and visual observations, a content analysis of activities, social relations, and physical features was conducted. The results show that individual values have been forgotten, and the privacy is defined as a collective state for a family. Under the management of the father, home has a biological and economic nature. All household activities and social relationships are determined by gender. Among the things having distinct segregation attributes are permanent house elements, such as walls and entrances. Finally, it seems that the culture of Iranian home further emphasizes such concepts as confidentiality, purity, cooperation, and humility.
O uso de cigarro, narguilé, cigarro eletrônico e outros indicadores do tabaco entre escolares brasileiros: dados da Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde do Escolar 2019
Authors: Malta Deborah Carvalho , Gomes Crizian Saar , Alves Francielle Thalita Almeida , Oliveira Patrícia Pereira Vasconcelos de , Freitas Paula Carvalho de , Andreazzi Marco
Published: June 2022

RESUMO: Objetivo: Descrever a prevalência de indicadores do tabagismo entre escolares brasileiros segundo características sociodemográficas em 2019 e comparar as prevalências entre 2015 e 2019. Métodos: Utilizaram-se dados da Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde do Escolar de 2015 e 2019. Foram analisados os indicadores referentes ao uso do tabaco, que foram comparados entre as edições de 2015 e 2019. Foram calculadas as prevalências e os respectivos intervalos de confiança de 95% (IC95%) para a população total e segundo sexo, faixa etária e tipo de escola. Resultados: Dos escolares, 22,6% (IC95% 21,7-23,4) já experimentaram cigarro alguma vez, porcentagem mais elevada entre os de 16 a 17 anos de idade (32,6%; IC95% 31,4-33,8) e no sexo masculino (35,0%; IC95% 33,6-36,4). A experimentação de narguilé, cigarro eletrônico e outros produtos do tabaco também se mostra elevada, com 26,9% (IC95% 26,0-27,8), 16,8% (IC95% 16,2-17,4) e 9,3% (IC95% 8,8-9,8), respectivamente, sendo mais alta entre os escolares do sexo masculino de 16 a 17 anos. Destaca-se que não houve mudanças nos indicadores “experimentação do cigarro”, “fumar pela primeira vez antes dos 13 anos”, “fumar nos 30 dias anteriores à pesquisa” e “ter ao menos um dos pais fumantes” entre os anos indicados. Conclusão: Embora os indicadores de tabaco fumado estejam estáveis entre 2015 e 2019, destacam-se as elevadas prevalências de experimentação de produtos como narguilé e cigarro eletrônico, que chamam a atenção para a necessidade de novas medidas regulatórias.
The San Francisco–Oakland Bay Bridge, CA, USA – eastern span
Authors: Nader Marwan , Maroney Brian
Published: June 2022

With daily traffic of 260 000 vehicles, the San Francisco–Oakland Bay Bridge is a major connection in the San Francisco Bay area (CA, USA). The new bridge is a designated lifeline structure (to remain open for emergency traffic after a major seismic event) with a design life of 150 years. The new bridge is 3.6 km long and consists of four distinct structures: a low-rise post-tensioned concrete box girder near the Oakland shore; a 2.4 km long segmental concrete box girder (skyway); a first-of-its-kind self-anchored suspension (SAS) bridge with a 385 m main span over the navigational channel; and a post-tensioned concrete box girder that connects to the east portal of the Yerba Buena Island tunnel. Opened in 2013, the signature span of the bridge is the SAS bridge with a length of 624 m and a total deck width of 79 m accommodating ten lanes of traffic in addition to a bike/pedestrian path. The US$6.4 billion megaproject was procured under multiple contracts and was delivered using the traditional design–bid–build method. This paper describes the key design innovations and construction methods which address the unique challenges on this project.
Repairing expansive soil channel slope with soilbags
Authors: Liu S. , Gao C. , Fan K. , Zhang C. , Wang Z. , Shen C. , Han Z.
Published: June 2022

Shallow slope failure often occurs in expansive soil channel slopes because of the strong swelling–shrinkage behaviour of expansive soils and well-developed fissures. In this paper, a repair method for expansive soil channel slopes using soilbags is proposed. Model tests were carried out to illustrate the effect of this repair method. The test results indicate that the assembly of soilbags arranged on the slope limits the deformation of expansive soils after water absorption and reduces infiltration and evaporation during the drying–wetting cycle process. A method for analysing the sliding stability of the repaired slope was suggested and a case study of the repair of a 65 m test expansive soil channel slope with soilbags in the South-to-North Water Transfer Project in China was presented. The monitoring of vertical and lateral displacements of the testing slope demonstrates the effectiveness of using soilbags to repair expansive soil channel slopes.
Results of using transfistula videoscopic necrosequestrectomy to treat purulent-necrotic parapancreatitis
Authors: Remizov S. I. , Andreev A. V. , Durleshter V. M. , Gabriel S. A. , Akhidzhak F. K.
Published: June 2022

Aim. To improve the efficacy of minimally invasive surgical treatment for infected pancreatic necrosis.

Materials and methods. The study analyzed the data of 142 patients with moderate to severe infected pancreatic necrosis treated from 2012 to 2017. In 2012–2014, an incision and drainage procedure involving multiple drainage replacements and debridements was used in 84 (59.2%) patients comprising Group 1. Since 2015, 58 (40.8%) patients comprising Group 2 have been treated using large-diameter (30–32 Fr) tube drainage followed by debridement and transfistula videoscopic necrosequestrectomy.

Results. The best results were obtained by draining pathological cavities using large-diameter double-lumen drainage, as well as by actively removing sequestra using the developed technique of transfistula videoscopic necrosequestrectomy. In Group 2, the incidence of local complications amounted to 6.8% as compared to 22.6% in Group 1. Group 2 exhibited significantly lower case mortality rate (12.3% and 19.4%; t = 2.1; p ≤ 0.05), while patients in Group 1 required longer hospitalization: 96 ± 7.4 days as compared to 71 ± 3.2 days in Group 2 (t = 2.9 p ≤ 0.05).

Conclusion. Minimally invasive procedures involving transfistula videoscopic necrosequestrectomy improve treatment outcomes, as well as reducing case mortality rate in the setting of purulent-necrotic parapancreatitis.
Difficulties in diagnosing pancreatoblastoma
Authors: Kriger A. G. , Ratnikova N. K. , Panteleev V. I. , Gorin D. S. , Kaldarov A. R. , Karmazanovsky G. G.
Published: June 2022

Clinical observation of surgical treatment received by a patient with pancreatoblastoma is described. In the preoperative period, specialists had difficulties in determining the nature of the neoplasm, which led to some tactical complications. The patient underwent pancreaticoduodenal resection that involved resection of the pancreatic body, as well as the confluence of the superior mesenteric and splenic veins. The histologic and immunohistochemical studies confirmed the diagnosis of pancreatoblastoma. Therefore, the patient was referred for chemotherapeutic treatment.
Isolated cavaportal hepatic chemoperfusion using melphalan in the treatment of uveal melanoma liver metastases
Authors: Kaprin A. D. , Ivanov S. A. , Unguryan V. M. , Petrov L. O. , Nazarova V. V. , Pobedintseva U. A. , Falaleeva N. A. , Kruglov E. A. , Orlova K. V. , Isaeva A. G. , Filimonov E. V.
Published: June 2022

A rare clinical observation of using hyperthermic isolated hepatic chemoperfusion is considered in the setting of a pathologically altered hepatic arterial blood flow in focal hepatic lesions caused by uveal melanoma metastases. The technical feasibility and safety of performing hyperthermic isolated hepatic chemoperfusion through the portal vein against the background of the altered hepatic arterial bed were demonstrated.
Selection of a portosystemic shunt placement procedure (TIPS) in the treatment of complicated portal hypertension
Authors: Khoronko Yu. V. , Sapronova N. G. , Kosovtsev E. V. , Khoronko E. Yu. , Kantsurov R. N. , Ashimov I. A.
Published: June 2022

Aim. To improve treatment results in patients with the life-threatening complications of cirrhotic portal hypertension by making an informed choice of the optimal TIPS (transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt) variant.

Materials and methods. A total of 234 patients suffering from the complications of cirrhotic portal hypertension underwent TIPS placement. The indications for shunt placement include esophageal and gastric varices exhibiting the signs of bleeding or carrying the risk of rebleeding (in 172 patients), refractory ascites (in 57 patients), and portal vein thrombosis in the setting of cirrhosis (in 5 patients). Patients from Group 1 underwent shunt placement together with the embolization of inflow pathways to esophageal and gastric varices. In Group 2, priority was given to perioperative therapy, while shunt placement was used together with embolization only in cases of severe varices. In Group 3, the shunt placement stage was combined with the portal blood flow restoration. Immediate and late results were studied in terms of complications, as well as mortality rate and survival rates.

Results. The maximum observation duration amounted to 140 months (11.7 years). TIPS efficacy in all patients was confirmed by a statistically significant decrease in the portosystemic pressure gradient. In Group 1, the highest mortality rate associated with rebleeding was observed in patients who had undergone only shunt placement (30.6%), while the lowest rate was noted in patients whose inflow pathways to varices had first been embolized and who then had undergone intrahepatic shunt placement (7.1%). Patients in Group 2 exhibited a reduction in ascites and the severity of varices. The technical feasibility of TIPS in the setting of portal vein thrombosis was enhanced by experience accumulation and preoperative planning relying on careful interpretation of computed splenoportography data.

Conclusion. It is reasonable to combine the shunt placement stage of TIPS for variceal bleeding with selective embolization of all radiologically detected inflow pathways to gastroesophageal varices. If the portal vein thrombosis is not accompanied by cavernous transformation, TIPS can achieve effective portal decompression provided the portal blood flow is restored.
Pancreatic stenting in the prevention and combination therapy of acute pancreatitis
Authors: Buriev I. M. , Grashchenko S. A. , Zhuravleva L. V. , Kotovskii A. E. , Shadskii S. O. , Kulikov D. S. , Guk M. V.
Published: June 2022

Aim. To evaluate the efficacy of endoscopic transpapillary pancreatic stenting in the prevention and combination therapy of acute pancreatitis.

Materials and methods. The study examined 166 cases of pancreatic duct stenting intended to prevent acute postprocedural pancreatitis in 105 patients and to provide a combination therapy for acute pancreatitis in 61 patients. In this case plastic stents (3–7 Fr) were used that were removed on days 3–5 provided neither amylasemia nor clinical signs of acute pancreatitis were observed.

Results. Pancreatic stenting performed to prevent acute post-procedural pancreatitis in 100 patients yielded good results in 95.2% of the cases; elective surgery was performed in 16 of these cases after 2 weeks. In 3.8% of the cases, some complications were observed (pancreatitis, jaundice); one (0.95%) fatal case was reported. In the combination therapy of severe pancreatitis (APACHE II >10 points), recovery was observed in 86.9% of the cases involving pancreatic duct stenting. In 11.3% of the cases, stenting was accompanied by minimally invasive surgical procedures. The disease was found to have progressed in 12 patients (19.7%). Four patients were discharged from the hospital with pancreatic fistulas, while 8 patients (13.1%) died.

Conclusion. Preventive stenting of the pancreatic duct in the setting of complicated and atypical papillosphincterotomy reduces the incidence of acute pancreatitis to 3.8% at a case fatality rate of 0.95%. Pancreatic duct stenting is indicated for treatment of pancreatic necrosis in the setting of biliary pancreatitis involving impacted stones and severe acute pancreatitis at an amylase level of > 400 U/L during the first three days of the disease.