bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Antioxidants and Oxidative Stress as Foe and Friends in Prevention of Cancer
Authors: Diksha  , Singh Sumit , Mahajan Evani , Sohal Satwinder Kaur , Gupta Shallina
Published: September 2023

Cancer has become a major public health problem and is one of the leading causes of death among humans worldwide. It is characterized by the abnormal proliferation of cells due to failed normal regulatory mechanisms. Oxidative stress plays a crucial role in the pathology of many cancers and is characterized by an imbalance between the production and removal of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Under normal physiological conditions, the intracellular levels of ROS are steadily maintained to prevent cell damage, and detoxification of ROS is facilitated by various non-enzymatic and enzymatic antioxidants. These antioxidants have a widespread application in the prevention of cancer, as many endogenous and exogenous antioxidants can prevent and repair damage caused by disrupted redox status of cells during carcinogenesis. Our body can produce some of the antioxidants, but to obtain the rest of the antioxidants, it relies on external sources, primarily the diet of an individual. Also, there are certain health issues reported with the long-term usage of synthetic antioxidants. Therefore, nowadays, many nutritionists and dieticians suggest consuming food and natural products that are either rich sources of antioxidants or are supplemented with various nature-based antioxidants. This chapter seeks to explain the role of ROS in oncogenesis, understand the dynamics between oxidative damage and the antioxidants, types of antioxidants, natural sources of antioxidants, mode of action of antioxidants and the role of antioxidants in cancer prevention and treatment along with their disputable effects in cancer therapy.
Chemomodulatory Potential of Lutein Derived from Dietary Sources
Authors: Singh Hasandeep , Singh Brahmjot , Rajput Ankita , Sharma Palvi , Arora Saroj , Singh Balbir , Kaur Sarabjit
Published: September 2023

The mortality rate from various types of cancer is unacceptably high till date. Although, there is a huge advancement in understanding the diverse mechanisms of carcinogenesis and the development of potential drug leads, still there are massive mortality rates. The consumption of various green/yellow vegetables and fruits can help in reducing the risk of cancer. There is a plethora of potential anticancer compounds present in green leafy vegetables, which have been extensively evaluated in cancer. Various anticancer leads include dietary agents in which carotenoids are very significant in combating cancer. Lutein is a yellow carotenoid present in vegetables and fruits. It is the second most prevalent carotenoid in human serum, and its consumption is beneficial for promoting good health. The nutritional value of lutein is very high, and besides this, it is reported to exert antiproliferative potential against various cancers such as cervical, skin, lung, breast and colon cancer. Lutein stimulates various genes involved in T-cell transformations that are activated by mitigens, cytokines and antigens, thereby acting as anti-cancer. Lutein can oxidize and degrade easily due to the presence of conjugated bonds in its isoprenoid polymeric structure. Various food processing techniques can also affect the integrity of lutein. Therefore, there has been development of novel drug delivery systems to enhance the absorption andbioavailability of lutein and also to prevent its chemical degradation. Therefore, it can be concluded that lutein can serve as an effective agent in chemoprevention to fight against various forms of cancer because of its nutritional value.
In vitro and in vivo Methods used for the Evaluation of Anticancer Secondary Metabolites
Authors: Khan Hina , Bajwa Harjit Kaur
Published: September 2023

Cancer is a large group of diseases that affect the human body at all ages and causes death worldwide. Important progresses have been made in early diagnosis, prevention measures and treatment. Widespread use of secondary metabolites derived from plants has been made for the production of various effective medicines. Various natural bioactive compounds derived from medicinal plants are used as anticancer mediators to remediate cancer syndrome, but they have toxicity and side effects, and hence there is a need to explore more plant-derived cytotoxic chemical agents. Consequently, an effort has been made to evaluate various in vitro and in vivo methods that are used for assessing the efficiency of the anticancer efficacy of natural bioactive compounds derived from medicinal plants. Anticancer secondary metabolites derived from plants are efficient candidates for in vivo and in vitro anticancer activity. This chapter provides detailed information on different plant explants and extracts and various methods used to evaluate anticancer activity.
Incidentally Discovered Cryptogenic Cirrhosis in a Patient with Untreated Celiac Disease
Authors: Kosako Yost Kelli , Alishahi Yasmin
Published: September 2023

Celiac disease is a common gastrointestinal disorder that primarily manifests its effects on the small bowel. However, the systemic nature of this condition, especially regarding the liver, has been gaining some recognition in the literature. Mild liver disease is common, but few cases progress to cirrhosis. We present a case of an asymptomatic 78-year-old male with a past medical history of longstanding celiac disease, atrial fibrillation, heart failure with preserved ejection fraction, type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM), and chronic kidney disease stage III who underwent a computed tomography (CT) scan for thoracic aortic aneurysm surveillance. Incidentally, on a CT scan, cirrhotic liver morphology was discovered. Right upper quadrant ultrasound confirmed heterogenous echotexture of the liver, consistent with a diagnosis of cirrhosis. Laboratory work-up demonstrated elevated alkaline phosphatase of 171, tissue transglutaminase (TTG) significantly elevated at > 100, and a negative panel of other chronic liver disease labs, including negative anti-smooth muscle antibody, antimitochondrial antibody, liver kidney microsomal antibody, HFE gene, ceruloplasmin, alpha-1-antitrypsin, and alpha-fetoprotein < 2 ng/mL. The patient was not taking any hepatotoxic medications. Although the patient did have type 2 DM, his hemoglobin A1c was well-controlled at 5.9%, and he had no hyperlipidemia and a normal body mass index, making a metabolic etiology of liver disease less likely. The patient had no significant alcohol use, either. The only patient’s major risk factor for liver disease was his untreated celiac disease, diagnosed in infancy. The patient was instructed to avoid any gluten, alcohol, and other hepatotoxic substances and was subsequently followed by a gastroenterologist. The following case report explores the pathogenesis of celiac-associated liver disease and the effect a gluten-free diet can have on the small bowel and the liver.
Analyse van woonproblematieken in stadsgewesten: een actor relationele benadering voor de cases Kortrijk en Gent.
Authors: Loris Isabelle , Pisman Ann
Published: September 2023

Het concept van stadsgewesten gaat al lang mee in Vlaanderen, maar heeft op heden geen beleidsmatige rol. In dit artikel onderzoeken we of het stadsgewest een bruikbaar schaalniveau is om woonproblematieken te analyseren en op te lossen, gebruikmakend van de actor-relationele benadering. Hierbij onderzoeken we niet enkel de feitelijkheden, maar tevens de regels en de betrokken stakeholders in twee cases: de stadsgewesten Kortrijk en Gent. Resultaten uit data-analyses worden hierbij geconfronteerd met inzichten uit interviews met diverse actoren. Het onderzoek toont aan dat samenhang wordt gevonden tussen de acties van de actoren op de stadsregionale schaal. Maar om oplossingen te vinden voor die problemen zijn meer samenwerkingsverbanden nodig. Het opbouwen van een actief forum, van gedeelde kennis en het helder formuleren van een stadsregionale problematiek zijn daarbij belangrijk.
Genetički čimbenici u etiologiji prirođenih srčanih
grešaka u Downovom sindromu
Authors: Majstorović Dijana , Barišić Anita , Vraneković Jadranka
Published: September 2023

Downov sindrom najčešća je aneuploidija kromosoma 21. Neurorazvojni poremećaji i tipične kraniofacijalne dismorfije prisutne su u različitom stupnju u svih osoba. Prirođene srčane greške najčešća su kongenitalna anomalija, s prevalencijom 40-55 %. Najčešće prirođene srčane greške u osoba s Downovim sindromom jesu septalni defekti. Uzrok prirođenih srčanih grešaka do danas nije u potpunosti razjašnjen. Pretpostavka je da polimorfizmi gena uključeni u metabolizam folata i homocisteina utječu na obrazac metilacije DNA, što može rezultirati razvojem prirođene srčane greške. Cilj rada je kroz pregled literature istražiti ulogu polimorfizama gena MTHFR, MTRR i DNMT u etiologiji prirođenih srčanih grešaka u osoba s Downovim sindromom.
Is 6 Months the Optimal Duration of Adjuvant Chemotherapy for Pancreatic Cancer?
Authors: IWAMA HIDEAKI , FUJIMOTO YASUHIRO , NAKAMURA IKUO , TORIGUCHI KAN , KAWABATA YUSUKE , HATANO ETSURO
Published: September 2023

Aim: This study evaluated the relationship between the relative dose intensity (RDI) and the prognosis to assess the optimal duration of adjuvant chemotherapy for pancreatic cancer. Patients and Methods: From 2013 to 2018, 119 patients with pancreatic cancer underwent radical surgery. After excluding five patients who underwent R2 resection, three with stage IV disease, and two with adjuvant chemotherapy other than S-1, 109 cases were evaluated. They were classified into four groups based on the RDI for the total dosage of S-1: group 1: <50%, group 2: 50% to <80%, group 3: 80% to ≤125%, and group 4: >125%. Results: The number of patients in each group were 48, 20, 30 and 11, with median ages of 74, 73, 66 and 74, respectively. Median estimated glomerular filtration rate was 75, 72, 89 and 77 ml/min/1.73 m2, respectively, demonstrating statistically significant differences. The corresponding median and 5-year overall survival rates were: 378 days and 17.9%; 1,011 days and 35.1%; 1,246 days and 41.6%; 1,389 days and 10.6%. Using group 1 as a reference, the adjusted hazard ratio was 0.39 for group 2, 0.36 for group 3, and 0.30 for group 4; all were statistically significant. Conclusion: The higher the RDI of S-1 in adjuvant chemotherapy, the better the overall survival. Therefore, 1 year of adjuvant chemotherapy with S-1 in pancreatic cancer may be preferable to 6 months.
Septic Cervicofacial Phlegmon Following Basal Cell Carcinoma Excision: Life-threatening Complication of Routine Operation in Maxillofacial Surgery?
Authors: DUDDE FLORIAN , BARBAREWICZ FILIP , HENKEL KAI-OLAF
Published: September 2023

Background/Aim: Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is a frequent tumor entity, especially in the facial region. The standard therapy for BCC is surgical tumor excision which is generally a low-risk procedure. One of the life-threatening surgical risks and complications when removing BCC in the facial area is infection with the possibility to spread across the deep neck spaces as well as systemic inflammation (sepsis). Case Report: A 73-year-old patient presented to the emergency department with a swelling of the right cheek, extended towards the neck. Based on his medical history, an outpatient BCC excision of the cheek had been performed the day before. Laboratory tests showed a fulminant inflammatory process of sepsis. Computed tomography (CT) revealed a buccal phlegmon on the right extended towards the deep neck. A diagnosis of septic cervicofacial phlegmon following BCC excision was made. The therapy consisted of intensive care sepsis treatment, surgical relief, and drainage of the phlegmon and a calculated antibiotic treatment (piperacillin/tazobactam, clindamycin). Conclusion: Removal of BCC in the facial region is generally a low-risk procedure. A possible complication is postoperative wound infection. In rare cases the clinical picture of a septic cervicofacial phlegmon can develop. Surgical focus sanitation, broad-based antibiotic therapy and intensive care sepsis management are the key therapeutic pillars of this postoperative complication.
BRAF Mutation Heterogeneity Detected Using Circulating Tumor DNA Sequencing in Synchronous Colon Cancer: A Case Report
Authors: KONO HARUKA , YAMANAKA TARO , NISHIHARA YUKI , TOMIZAWA KENJI , KIZAWA RIKA , YAMAGUCHI TAKESHI , TANABE YUKO , MATOBA SHUICHIRO , KUROYANAGI HIROYA , SUYAMA KOICHI , MIURA YUJI
Published: September 2023

Background/Aim: Synchronous colorectal cancer, which occurs in approximately 4.8-8.4% of all colorectal cancers, has a genetic profile with a higher rate of v-raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog B1 (BRAF) mutation and microsatellite instability-high than solitary colorectal cancer. However, little information is available on heterogeneity among tumor lesions because of difficulty in performing genetic tests in all lesions in clinical practice. Case Report: A 44-year-old man presented with multiple recurrent lung metastases 42 months after the endoscopic resection of early stage synchronous ascending and sigmoid colon cancers. The genetic testing of sigmoid colon cancer tissue samples, their state being more advanced than that of ascending colon cancer, revealed a v-Ki-ras 2 Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog mutation (G13C) and BRAF wild type. However, the tumor was refractory to initial chemotherapy and rapidly progressed to new liver metastases. Therefore, we suspected that there may be biological heterogeneity between the primary sigmoid colon lesion and liver metastases. Next, we performed next-generation sequencing on circulating tumor DNA from the patient’s plasma (Foundation One Liquid CDx®), which revealed the V600E mutation of BRAF, suggesting that there was genetic heterogeneity among the synchronized primary lesions, one of which was responsible for the chemo-refractory rapid-growing liver metastases. Conclusion: Genetic profiling with liquid biopsy at the time of recurrence and metastasis may be useful in patients with multiple synchronous cancers because there is less heterogeneity between primary and metastatic sites.
The Venusian Insolation Atmospheric Topside Thermal Heating Pool
Authors: Mulholland Philip , Wilde Stephen Paul Rathbone
Published: September 2023

A 1 metre increment modelled pressure profile is used to study the troposphere of Venus from the surface to the lower stratosphere. Using a troposphere model lapse rate profile as the constraint on cooling by vertically convecting air, the modelled height of the tropopause convection limit is a close match to the level of the observed static atmosphere height for the 250 Kelvin freezing point level of 75% by weight of concentrated sulphuric acid, the primary condensing volatile in the Venusian atmosphere. This relationship suggests that the observed albedo of Venus is a response to and not a cause of planetary atmospheric solar radiant forcing.Using the thermal lapse rate for the troposphere of Venus in its top-down mode of application, the depth below the tropopause that solar irradiance is able to achieve effective heating of the Venusian atmosphere is established. This radiant quenching depth delineates a pool of upper tropospheric air that both captures and responds to solar radiant forcing. Consequently, this top of the troposphere insolation forcing induces a process of full troposphere adiabatic convective overturn and delivers solar heated air to the ground via the action of forced air descent in the twin polar vortices of Venus.
Diabetes Detection System
Authors: Shetty Likith
Published: September 2023

Abstract: Diabetes is a chronic illness that interferes with your body'sability to control blood sugar or glucose levels. Our body' cells depend on glucose as a major energy source, and the hormone insulin, which the pancreas produces, aids in controlling glucose levels. This research suggests a machine learning based diabetes detection system. The method makes use of a dataset of patient records that detail several clinical traits and whether diabetes is present or not. The most crucial characteristics for predicting diabetes are determined via a feature selection technique. The dataset is then used to train and evaluate machine learning techniques such as Random Forest, Support Vector Machine, KNN and Logistic Regression. The model’s performance can be evaluated using certain metrics. The outcomes demonstrate that the suggested system beats the numerous baseline models and has good predictive accuracies for diabetes using Random Forest algorithm. This approach may be helpful for detecting diabetes in early stage and can helpin improving the outcome of patients.
The Exact Measurement of Pi
Authors: Dewangan Lokesh
Published: September 2023

Abstract: This research study gives the actual value of PI (π), a mathematical constant that describes the relationship between a circular structure's circumference and diameter. It also highlights the lacuna in the most commonly used approximations of PI (π), such as 3.14159…, which were supplied by Archimedes. It also rejecting all the values of PI calculated by various mathematicians in almost 4000 years of mathematical history, and presents the absolute 100% true value of PI through various mathematical process and conclusions
The Relationship Between Platelet Distribution Width (PDW) and Mean Platelet Volume (MPV) Value to the Clinical Degree of Dengue Hemorrhaging Fever (DHF) in Haji Saiful Anwar General Hospital, Subang District, West Java, Indonesia
Authors: Hasanah Nur Isti
Published: September 2023

Abstract: Background: Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) remains a significant health concern in various tropical countries, including Indonesia. Caused by the dengue virus transmitted through Aedes aegypti mosquitoes, DF can progress to severe conditions, particularly in cases with complications like bleeding or shock. Addressing this burden necessitates research into identifying factors guiding diagnosis, severity assessment, and patient management. Hematological parameters, especially Platelet Distribution Width (PDW) and Mean Platelet Volume (MPV), have gained attention in this context. Methods: This analytical observational cross-sectional study was conducted at Haji Saiful Anwar General Hospital in West Java, Indonesia, from March to June 2023. The study enrolled 60 patients diagnosed with DHF based on WHO criteria. Clinical and demographic data were collected from medical records. Complete blood count tests were performed to obtain PDW and MPV values. Statistical analyses, including Pearson or Spearman correlation tests, were used to explore the relationship between PDW, MPV, and DF severity.
The Impact Of Blogging On Efl Students’ Writing Development
Authors: Muhi Zubair Hamad
Published: September 2023

Weblogs, often known as "blogs" or "web logs," are currently among the most popular Internet apps. The current paper concerns the impact of blogging on the writing development of EFL students. This article also sought to understand the views of tertiary-level English language learners and examine the effects of blogging on academic writing The questionnaire survey was sent to five tertiary education universities in Iran. The data has been taken from 43 participants Six open-ended questionnaire items were measured. The method used was descriptive statistics and percentages gleaned from the data. The findings showed that students who utilized blogging in their academic writing saw a significant improvement in success scores, demonstrating that blogging helps students become better writers. Students also reported good views toward using blogs in their writing assignments, which, coupled with the results from the study, may suggest that students who have positive attitudes toward blogging are likely to develop into better writers.
The Role of Peer Support in Promoting EFL Achievement: Academic Self-Concept as the Mediator
Authors: Wu Yajun , Kang Xia
Published: September 2023

For secondary school students, peer support is an essential component of social support, which might significantly influence their academic achievement. However, the mediating mechanism between peer support and academic achievement needs to be further explored, especially in teaching English as a foreign language (EFL). The present study explored the relationship between peer support, foreign language (FL) self-concept, and EFL achievement based on the data of 499 Chinese secondary EFL learners. Structural equation modelling (SEM) and mediation analysis results demonstrated that peer support positively affected EFL achievement. FL self-concept fully mediated the relationship between peer support and EFL achievement after controlling for gender and age. The direction and strength of the mediating effect of FL self-concept between peer support and EFL achievement clarify the complex relationship between peer support and EFL achievement and helps EFL teachers and educators take intervention measures. Implications, limitations and directions for future research are discussed.
Highlighting Students’ Voices of Learning English Through Project-Based Learning During Covid-19 Pandemic: A Case Study
Authors: Rahmania Vina Kautsar , Suharjito Bambang , Hudori Rizki Febri Andika
Published: September 2023

All the students need to adapt to the new version of the learning and teaching process. The use of project-based learning in the COVID-19 pandemic can help students who struggle to make an interaction with other students. This approach can help vocational high school students more easily understand the topic by using projects that relate to their workplace. This project aimed to explore the students’ voices using Project-based learning in English learning in the pandemic era. This case study used semi-structured interviews to interview five students from one of the vocational high schools in Jember that had already used the project-based learning method during a pandemic. This research results show that project-based learning was one method teachers might employ to help students learn English. The student’s English abilities and creativity could be enhanced while developing the project.
Detection of Groundnut ringspot virus carried by Frankliniella sp. on watermelon fields in Brazilian Cerrado
Authors: Pinto de Queiroz Ananias , Romero Melissa Alexandra , Rodrigues dos Santos Gil , De Souza Aguiar Raimundo Wagner
Published: September 2023

Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) is an important crop in Brazil and affected by relevant insect vectors, including thrips (Thysanoptera: Thripidae). The present work was focused on evaluating the presence of Groundnut ringspot virus (GRSV) associated with Frankliniella sp. (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) in watermelon, C. lanatus , cultivated in the Brazilian Cerrado biome. Several species of thrips were collected from four commercial crops located in Gurupi, Lagoa da Confusao, Formoso do Araguaia and Porto Nacional counties, all of them belonging to the Brazilian state of  Tocantins). The total viral RNA obtained from the thrips was enriched and used to perform ugh RT-PCR. Using specific primers, a 644 bp fragment of the GRSV nucleocapsid was identified in all insect samples, which allowed us to perform a phylogenetic analysis with GRSV sequences described for other geographical regions. The findings demonstrate the wide distribution of the GRSV virus in commercial watermelon crops in the Brazilian Cerrado Biome. The association with Frankliniella sp. is highlighted as one of the most relevant vector pathways in this region of high intensity and advanced agriculture. In addition, phylogenetic analysis demonstrated a close relationship between GRSV sequences from South Africa and Brazil. These findings may contribute to the understanding of GRSV distribution in watermelon crops in different localities of Brazilian Cerrado Biome.
Historia de la historiografía en Chile y su relación con la política (siglo XX)
Authors: Villar Vásquez Gorka , Elgueda Labra Guillermo
Published: September 2023

Este ensayo caracteriza los desafíos y posibilidades del estudio de la historia de la historiografía chilena y su relación con la política durante el siglo XX. Con este propósito, en primer lugar, realizamos un balance general del desarrollo de la historiografía en Chile. Luego damos cuenta de los desafíos metodológicos que implica el estudio del quehacer de los historiadores. En tercer lugar, efectuamos un balance del lento proceso de consolidación de la historia de la historiografía chilena como campo de estudio en Chile. A continuación, exploramos las principales tendencias de estudio de la historia de la historiografía durante los últimos años. Por último, identificamos las posibilidades y proyecciones del estudio de la historia de la historiografía chilena.
Historia de la policía en Costa Rica: una revisión bibliográfica exploratoria, de 1821 a 1949
Authors: Jiménez-Álvarez Carlos Josué
Published: September 2023

A través de este trabajo se investiga cómo ha sido el desarrollo de la institución policial costarricense desde el surgimiento del Estado hasta el establecimiento de la Guardia Civil, con la Constitución Política de 1949. Partiendo de la noción de la policía como una institución propia de la modernidad y del Estado moderno, se realiza una investigación exploratoria con un enfoque cualitativo de tipo documental en la que se presentan aquellos trabajos que han discutido el desarrollo histórico de la policía costarricense desde diferentes campos de estudio. A lo largo de esta investigación se señalan dos aspectos presentes dentro de estos estudios: la localidad a la que se vinculó la función y organización policial por medio de los gobiernos provinciales, y sobre el sincretismo de la institución policial con la militar, la cual suponía que en su organización, ordenamiento y disciplina se dispusiera según lo establecía el ejército y su reglamento. Se concluye que el desarrollo inicial de la institución policial estuvo vinculado a los gobiernos locales y adquiere finalmente el carácter de una policial nacional hasta 1949.
Robust Fine-Grained Visual Recognition with Images Based on Internet of Things
Authors: Cai Zhenhuang , Yan Shuai , Huang Dan
Published: September 2023

Labeling fine-grained objects manually is extremely challenging, as it
is not only label-intensive but also requires professional knowledge.
Accordingly, robust learning methods for fine-grained recognition with
web images collected from Internet of Things have drawn significant
attention. However, training deep fine-grained models directly using
untrusted web images is confronted by two primary obstacles: 1) label
noise in web images and 2) domain variance between the online sources
and test datasets. To this end, in this study, we mainly focus on
addressing these two pivotal problems associated with untrusted web
images. To be specific, we introduce an end-to-end network that
collaboratively addresses these concerns in the process of separating
trusted data from untrusted web images. To validate the efficacy of our
proposed model, untrusted web images are first collected by utilizing
the text category labels found within fine-grained datasets.
Subsequently, we employ the designed deep model to eliminate label noise
and ameliorate domain mismatch. And the chosen trusted web data are
utilized for model training. Comprehensive experiments and ablation
studies validate that our method consistently surpasses other
state-of-the-art approaches for fine-grained recognition task in a
real-world scenario. Simultaneously, this introduces a novel pipeline
for fine-grained recognition with substantial efficacy in practical
applications. The source code and models can be accessed at:
https://github.com/NUST-Machine-Intelligence-Laboratory/DDN.
Research on SSVEP-EEG feature enhancement Algorithm based on fractional differentiation
Authors: Li zenghui , Wang Wei , Yuan Saijie , yang Qianqian , Pei Junpeng , Wang Yousong
Published: September 2023

Steady-State Visual Evoked Potentials (SSVEP) have garnered significant
attention due to their promising applications in brain-computer
interfaces (BCI), medical diagnostics, and several other domains.
Enhancing the characteristics of SSVEP signals through intricate signal
processing has emerged as a pivotal research focus for more efficient
signal extraction. In this work, we introduce a novel layered
enhancement algorithm for SSVEP electroencephalogram (SSVEP-EEG) signals
based on fractional-order differentiation operators. This innovative
approach marries brain signal analysis with image processing
methodologies. By utilizing fractional-order differentiation operators
in tandem with the Laplace pyramid, the signal undergoes hierarchical
enhancement. This amplified signal is then reconstructed, which
facilitates an in-depth extraction of image intricacies and attributes,
ultimately accentuating the distinctiveness of SSVEP features. To
validate the efficacy of the proposed method, we applied it to three
recognized target identification algorithms: Canonical Correlation
Analysis (CCA), Filter Bank Canonical Correlation Analysis (FBCCA), and
Task-Related Component Analysis (TRCA) using a publicly available
dataset. Experimental outcomes underscore that, in contrast to
contemporary techniques, our proposed algorithm not only effectively
attenuates the trend components of SSVEP signals but also substantially
elevates the recognition precision of CCA, FBCCA, and TRCA.
Multi Agent Collaborative Search Algorithm with Adaptive Weights
Authors: Cao Li , Wang Maocai , Dai Guangming , Vassile Max
Published: September 2023

This paper presents a new Multi Agent Collaborative Search Algorithm
with Adaptive Weights (named MACSAW). MACS is a memetic scheme for
multi-objective optimization which contains two kind of actions, the
local actions and social actions. The former explore the neighborhood of
some virtual agents and the latter push the individual towards the
Pareto front. On the base of the latest version of MACS, MACS2.1, we
improve the old algorithm from three direction. First, a new kind of
utility function is introduced to enhance the convergence. Next, a new
social action process which contains more operators and adaptive
parameters is embedded in MACSAW. Finally, MACS2.1 lacks the weight
vectors adjustment process which leads to diversity losing in some real
problems and MACSAW adds it. Further, MACSAW is compared with some
state-of-art algorithms and MACS2.1 on some standard benchmarks. It gets
competitive results. Two real optimization problems is tackled and the
results are analyzed in details.
The effect of vertical skeletal proportions on overbite changes in untreated adolescents: a longitudinal evaluation
Authors: Ferrillo Martina , Pandis Nikolaos , Fleming Padhraig S.
Published: September 2023

Objectives

To evaluate the change in overbite within an untreated cohort from 9 to 18 years of age and to compare age-related changes in overbite depth based on vertical skeletal proportion.

Materials and Methods

Lateral cephalograms were obtained from the American Association of Orthodontists Foundation (AAOF) Craniofacial Growth Legacy Collection Project. All cephalometric outcome measures were assessed at ages 9–11 (T1), 13–15 (T2), and 17–19 (T3) years. Generalized estimating equation (GEE) regression models were fit to examine the effect of MP-SN on overbite adjusted for age and gender.

Results

A total of 130 subjects from the Denver, Bolton Brush, and Oregon Growth Studies were included. Overbite was relatively constant from T1 to T3 irrespective of facial type, with a minor decrease (0.15 mm) being observed overall. There was a transient increase between T1 and T2 (0.31 mm) that was canceled out by changes during later adolescence. Based on the GEE regression model adjusted for time and gender, a minor but statistically significantly greater reduction in overbite arose as MP-SN increased (coefficient = −0.080; 95% confidence interval −0.12, −0.04; P < .01).

Conclusions

In hyperdivergent subjects, a marginal decrease in overbite was observed from 9 to 18 years of age, with a transient increase from the period spanning 9–11 years to 13–15 years, which was negated in later adolescence. There are limited data to suggest that observation of vertical growth is required in most patients with marginally increased vertical facial proportions in the juvenile and pubertal phases.
WORLDLY SIGNIFICANCE OF THEATERS: IREVAN STATE AZERBAIJAN DRAMA THEATER
Authors: Ahmadova Gulkhara
Published: September 2023

Historically and even now, the literary and cultural environment of Azerbaijan is known both in the East and in the West. As a result of the severe tragedies, deportations, and genocides inflicted on the people of Azerbaijan, scientific and educational institutions, state institutions, museums, natural monuments, and cultural centers created in our country have suffered as much as our people. Theaters were also forced to live the fate of refugees. Today Shusha Musical Drama Theater, Aghdam State Drama Theater, Fuzili State Drama Theater continue their activities in the field of refugees. All three theaters, which have a great tradition of Armenian influence, have undoubtedly struck a blow. The annals of the Theater, which went through a tumultuous journey and was repeatedly subjected to Armenian vandalism, is a part of the historical destiny of our compatriots in the ancient lands of Azerbaijan. The article discussed the history, activity, and post-deportation activities of the Yerevan State Azerbaijan Drama Theater in exchange for all these processes. At the same time, attention was drawn here to the current situation of the Iravan State Azerbaijan Drama Theater and the works in the theater's repertoire. It was emphasized that the theater, which went through a difficult and turbulent path, goes on tours today, stages new plays, and gives successful performances. The article is dedicated to the ongoing processes related to the Yerevan State Azerbaijan Drama Theater.
LINGUISTISCHE ANALYSE DES FRAMES „CHARAKTER“ IM LITERAISCHEN DISKURS (anhand des Romans von H. Hesse „Das Glasperlenspiel“)
Authors: Kozak Sofiia
Published: September 2023

Ziel der vorliegenden Arbeit ist es, ein wichtiges Problem der kognitiven Linguistik zu behandeln, nämlich die Funktionsweise von charakterisierenden Framestrukturen im Diskurs der schöngeistigen Literatur zu untersuchen. Es wurde eine Analyse der Frame-Strukturen durchgeführt, die den Frame „Charakter“ im deutschsprachigen literarischen Diskurs repräsentieren. Der Frame wird als eine Struktur doppelter Natur – kognitiv und sprachlich – betrachtet. Es wurde zwischen den Fachtermini „Frame“, „Frame-Struktur“, „Terminal“ und „Terminalelement“ unterschieden. Die Terminalelemente (Füller), die die Terminals des Frames „Charakter“ repräsentieren, wurden analysiert und die Besonderheiten der Funktionsweise der entsprechenden Frame-Strukturen im Diskurs der deutschen schöngeistigen Literatur untersucht. Die durchgeführte Untersuchung hat gezeigt, dass die Frame-Strukturen eine wichtige Rolle bei der Wahrnehmung und dem Verständnis des Inhalts spielen, da sie als Träger der Beziehungen zwischen den sprachlichen Elementen fungieren, die thematische Kohärenz des Diskurses gewährleisten und somit zur adäquaten Interpretation der Pragmatik des Autors beitragen. Als Ergebnis der durchgeführten Analyse wurde festgestellt, dass die Terminalelemente, die die menschliche Natur beschreiben, die bedeutende Rolle bei der Darstellung der Charaktere der handelnden Personen spielen, denn sie erscheinen als wichtige diskursive Komponenten, die die inhaltliche Einheitlichkeit der darstellenden Frame-Strukturen im literarischen Diskurs gewährleisten.
THE KEY ROLE OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN EDUCATION 4.0
Authors: Malynovska Iryna , Smyrnova Iryna
Published: September 2023

In the article, the authors analyse the basic concepts of "artificial intelligence" and "Education 4.0" and assess the prospects for their implementation in Ukrainian society. It is established that against the backdrop of rapid technological development in the context of Industry 4.0, the issue of effective transformation management is becoming increasingly important in order to implement the necessary changes at the right time. To keep pace with the realities of the fourth industrial revolution, the concept of Education 4.0 was created, which envisages new approaches to teaching, communication between students, digital learning and other aspects of higher education. The purpose of this study is to establish the directions of transformation in higher education in Ukraine, taking into account the current conditions: the war started by the Russian Federation and to determine the level of knowledge of students about the basic concepts of Education 4.0 and to determine the level of use of artificial intelligence tools in their educational institutions. Artificial intelligence methods are increasingly supporting Education 4.0. We are seeing an ever-growing demand for adaptive and personalised education. The study involved 150 students from the Danube Institute of the National University of Odesa Maritime Academy and the State University of Trade and Economics. The survey was conducted in Google Forms developed by the authors, where students had to answer questions about the specifics of using artificial intelligence and Education 4.0 in closed answers. Having analysed the answers of students, it can be concluded that only a third of respondents have an idea of the basic concepts of Education 4.0 and its role in the educational environment, and personalised learning takes place in educational institutions, according to the vast majority of students, which is a prerequisite for both the use of AI and the implementation of Education 4.0.
TEXT IN THE MODERN PARADIGM OF SCIENTIFIC KNOWLEDGE: CATEGORIZATION AND PRAGMATICS
Authors: Struhanets Pavlo
Published: September 2023

The article analyzes the text in the modern paradigm of scientific knowledge from the perspective of categorization and pragmatics. A look at the text in a categorical dimension attests to a change in definitions, an expansion of the interpretation of the concept. It is noted that linguists differentiate text and discourse, study the text in semantic, grammatical, pragmatic- communicative and structural planes, study the categorical organization of the text. Focused on what, in addition to written texts, oral texts also attract the attention of scholars. The analysis of the text as an object of linguistic research in a pragmatic dimension is presented on the material of an oral text – a football television report. Football live television reporting appears as a process and product of oral communication addressed to a multi-million audience of game fans. The features of the football television report as a text are explained through a system of text categories with units of a lower hierarchy (according to the concept of A. Yeshchenko) in three dimensions: from the perspective of semantics, from the perspective of communicativeness, at the level of pragmatics. Summarized that, the correlation of text categories of different dimensions serves as a text-constitutive factor.
THE USE OF GPT CHAT AMONG STUDENTS IN UKRAINIAN UNIVERSITIES
Authors: Stepanenko Olena , Stupak Olga
Published: September 2023

The authors of the article analyzed the issues of using the GPT chat in the process of training students of the State University of Telecommunications, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv and Admiral Makarov National University of Shipbuilding. It is noted that the digital revolution 4.0 is accelerating in all areas of activity, and education is no exception; all of humanity is discovering how to use these systems and intelligent machines to improve human capabilities. The response of educational institutions around the world has been controversial, from restricting student access to Chat GPT to adopting the technology and using it to improve assessment and training original thinking among students. To conduct the research, the authors developed questionnaires in Google Form to determine the level of use of the GPT chat by students during training; its impact on the development of their skills and competencies and the attitude of the applicants to the concept of academic integrity in the context of using AI tools. According to the results of the survey, it can be stated that students widely use chat bots in the learning process, they believe that teachers should use AI tools when conducting classes, and some students noted that they had their papers returned due to plagiarism, through the use of chat bots. The authors found that open educational systems have radical changes; can use the power of artificial intelligence tools like ChatGPT to optimize teaching, learning and educational management, which are the three irreplaceable pillars of every successful educational institution.
PRINCIPLES OF LOCAL GOVERNMENT: TERMINOLOGICAL ISSUES (PART TWO)
Authors: Barvinenko Vitaliy
Published: September 2023

The European Charter of Local Self-Government 1985 provides for a number of principles of local self-government that are important for compliance in Ukraine. Some of these principles are already included in national legislation, and they are declared principles of local self-government in Ukraine. Some are not yet. Mostly the scientists, that are specialists in the Ukrainian municipal law, do not write about these principles. That is why the author has used only the monographical works of B.V. Kalinovsky and S.V. Malikov. The author gives the overview of S.V. Malikov’s researches of the topic, and concludes: although the European Charter of Local Self-Government 1985 itself was studied by S.V. Malikov in more detail than the vast majority of Ukrainian authors – specialists in municipal law, precisely the principles of local self-government enshrined in it, he paid only relatively little attention. The author gives the overview of B.V. Kalinovsky’s researches of the topic, and concludes: he has correctly interpreted at least one of the principles of local self-government from the provisions of each of the articles of the first section of the European Charter of Local Self-Government 1985; the author counts 13 principles in total. Among these principles, 11 have been named; sometimes suggested B.V. Kalinovsky title of the principle is debatable, especially taking into account the provisions of the municipal legislation of Ukraine.
FEATURES OF THE GRAPHIC REPRESENTATION OF MILITARY LIFE DURING THE FIRST AND SECOND WORLD WARS AND IN THE INTERWAR PERIOD
Authors: Horichko Yaryna
Published: September 2023

The work examines the issue of the peculiarities of the graphic representation of military life during the First and Second World Wars and in the interwar periods. The impact of military conflicts on art and the graphic reaction to the events of that time is analyzed. Accordingly, the purpose of the work is reduced to a comprehensive comparative analysis of the graphic representation of military life during the First and Second World Wars and in the interwar periods. The article reflects a variety of techniques for the visual transmission of military life, including drawing, painting, posters, and photographs. The desire for conventional forms of conveying images of war is due to the importance of symbolic subtexts. The role of art in the transmission of emotions, moods and messages about war events, as well as the influence of these representations on public opinion and consciousness, has been studied and defined. Changes in the graphic representation of military life during the period of the First and Second World Wars, from realistic images to more abstract and symbolic approaches, are studied. Due to this, the role of artists, photographers, and other creative personalities in shaping the image of military life is identified and it is shown how these changes reflect the social, political, and cultural changes of that time. The interaction of various ways of generalizing this problem with conventional methods of expression and innovations in stylistics is emphasized. Features of the Soviet poster, which characterized the development of this art form in the postwar period, are systematized. In general, the article offers an in-depth analysis of the graphic representation of military life during the First and Second World Wars and the interwar period. It promotes understanding of the importance of art and graphic images in reproducing historical events and reflecting the moods and emotions of the time.
STANISLAV ORIKHOVSKY ON THE IDEAL FORM OF STATE GOVERNMENT
Authors: Mnozhynska Ruslana
Published: September 2023

The article focuses on the fact that one of the first, in the national Renaissance philosophical thought, who considered the issue of the ideal form of government was Stanislav Orikhovsky. In works of a socio-political nature, he devoted a lot of space to the problems of the state: its essence, the origin of state power, forms of government, the structure of society, relations between the state and the church. The ruler, in his opinion, should be Enlightened monarch, «philosopher on the throne», who cares about the «common good», peace and harmony in the state, observes laws, natural law, is just, brave, courageous, protects subjects and borders from external and internal enemies, cares about the education and upbringing of his people. Attention is also drawn to the fact that, developing his theory of the state, S. Orikhovsky thoroughly studied the theoretical heritage of not only ancient thinkers – Plato, Aristotle, Cicero, but also Thomas Aquinas, Augustine, Erasmus of Rotterdam. But he used their ideas creatively, critically. Orikhovsky's views on the essence of the state, its tasks and internal structure are the pinnacle of the socio-political doctrine of the thinker. Orikhovsky presented his recommendations on the better ordering of the state system in a separate treatise entitled «Dialogue on the execution of Polish states», which cites a number of duties not only of citizens to the state, but also vice versa – of the state to citizens. In his concept of the state, S. Orikhovsky defended the need to protect the interests of wide social strata. It was found out that Orikhovsky developed his theory of the state, moreover, thanks to the introduction to scientific circulation and analysis of foreign-language primary sources, this study deepens the understanding of the development of domestic philosophical and political thought and refutes a number of stereotypes in their interpretation.
NATIONAL EDUCATION IN UKRAINE: REVIVAL OF CHRISTIAN TRADITIONS
Authors: Petrovich Valentina , Charikova Iryna
Published: September 2023

In Ukraine, the social life transformation period continues and manifests in rethinking the ideals and educational guidelines. The processes of democratization aimed at the development of civil society that started in the last century are taking place in the Ukrainian society at the beginning of the 21st century. These trends cause changes in priorities in social policy oriented at solving the problems of educating the younger generation and the activities of such social institutions as family and school. Spiritual principles based on Christian morality also play an important role in the implementation of the education of the younger generation. The article focuses on the study of the socio-economic, cultural, and pedagogical environment in which the child grew and developed. The authors take a deep look into the historical and pedagogical essence and content of Christian education. The research proves that in the transition of Ukraine to a democratic state system the tendencies of educating the younger generation on Christian cultural traditions spread into the education system. A significant interest in the organization of domestic education is the study and use of the best achievements of the national education system. It has been established that the use of educational potential as one of the main links in the formation of a new generation of society has been established.