bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Preceptoria em residência médica: uma avaliação sob a perspectiva dos preceptores
Authors: Ruiz Patricia Fernanda Carrenho
Published: September 2024

RESUMO Introdução: O papel do preceptor, no contexto da residência médica, é crucial para a formação qualificada de profissionais e especialistas em suas áreas de atuação, sendo necessárias competências clínicas e pedagógicas e a compreensão de suas atribuições e objetivos a serem alcançados na interação de ensino-aprendizado com os residentes. Objetivo: Este estudo teve como objetivos avaliar a percepção dos preceptores da residência médica a respeito de seu papel nas atividades de ensino, conhecer o perfil sociodemográfico dos preceptores e identificar tópicos a serem melhorados na prática da preceptoria. Método: Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, de abordagem qualitativa e quantitativa, em que foram incluídos os preceptores dos programas de residência médica de pediatria, neonatologia, terapia intensiva pediátrica e ginecologia-obstetrícia. Por meio de um questionário estruturado e validado na literatura, avaliaram-se cinco domínios relacionados à prática pedagógica; além disso, três perguntas abertas tiveram como objetivo obter a opinião do preceptor sobre a preceptoria, pontos positivos e pontos a serem melhorados em sua prática. Na análise, utilizaram-se estatística descritiva e porcentagens de percepções positivas e negativas, de acordo com as respostas ao questionário estruturado. Para a análise das perguntas abertas, adotou-se a técnica de categorização. Resultado: Houve predomínio de percepções positivas nos domínios referentes à competência pedagógica, interação ensino-serviço e presença do residente no campo de prática, enquanto as percepções negativas concentraram-se nos domínios referentes aos recursos e ao suporte educacional, e ao planejamento do programa educacional. A análise qualitativa evidenciou a consciência dos preceptores a respeito do seu papel, em que se destacaram como pontos positivos o estímulo à atualização constante e a satisfação pessoal e profissional; como pontos a serem melhorados, prevaleceram a necessidade de maior espaço participativo no planejamento, o desenvolvimento de pesquisa com os residentes e a importância de formalização da função de preceptor nas instituições, corroborando as percepções obtidas nas questões estruturadas. Conclusão: O papel do preceptor é fundamental para a boa formação do médico especialista no contexto dos programas de residência médica, de modo a integrar excelência técnica na especialidade e expertise pedagógica, e favorecer a aprendizagem significativa. Capacitar os preceptores, a fim de qualificá-los pedagogicamente e permitir que eles busquem o reconhecimento de sua atuação, poderá melhorar a formação do médico especialista e a assistência à saúde.
Population structure of long-snout seahorse Hippocampus reidi in Southwestern Atlantic and implications for management
Authors: Queiroz-Brito Maria Clara Gonçalves , Defavari Gabriela Rocha , Rosa Ierecê de Lucena , Torres Rodrigo Augusto
Published: September 2024

Abstract Hippocampus reidi represents the most abundant species of the genus Hippocampus along the Brazilian coast. Despite being charismatic, the species is globally threatened due to habitat degradation and commercial exploration, especially in Brazil, which is the leader in exportation and consumption of the species. Through mitochondrial (cytochrome b and control region) and nuclear (1st intron S7) data, the current study investigates the variation and genetic structure of H. reidi along the Brazilian coast, from Pará to Santa Catarina states. The mitochondrial data indicate the presence of two lineages: (1) North/Northeast and (2) South/Southeast, which was partially recovered by nuclear data. This scenario could be related to temperature differences and circulation patterns of the Brazil and North-Brazil currents, which define these groups into biogeographic sub-provinces. The lineages occur in sympatry in Bahia state, which can be explained by the occurrence of secondary contact during the last glacial maximum. Despite presenting two lineages, for management and conservation, three units are indicated: (1) North/Northeast, (2) Bahia, and (3) South/Southeast. The North/Northeast unit proved to be more vulnerable, presenting the lowest genetic diversity indices, representing a priority for future conservation actions.
FANZINE: A PLURIVALÊNCIA PARATÓPICA
Authors: Zavam Aurea Suely
Published: September 2024

Resumo Este artigo relata uma pesquisa a partir da qual se discute a relação entre paratopia e dispositivo enunciativo. Fundamentada em suportes teóricos da Análise do Discurso, a investigação toma como objeto de análise fanzines literários, levantando elementos que assegurariam a paratopia desse dispositivo. Parte-se do pressuposto de que dispositivos considerados marginais, ou independentes, como o fanzine, por exemplo, trariam inscrita, como constitutiva de seu discurso, sua condição paratópica.
O PROCESSO DE RETEXTUALIZAÇÃO A PARTIR DO GÊNERO TEXTUAL FÁBULA: UMA PESQUISA PARTICIPATIVA COM ALUNOS DO 3º ANO DO ENSINO FUNDAMENTAL
Authors: Gago Paulo Cortes , Vieira Lucilene Santos Lima
Published: September 2024

Resumo Esse artigo apresenta os resultados de uma pesquisa em ensino de Língua Portuguesa, realizada com uma 3ª série do ensino fundamental de uma escola municipal em Minas Gerais. Baseada no referencial teórico sobre coesão e coerência, oralidade e escrita, focaliza os processos de retextualização, inscrevendo-se na Lingüística Textual. Desenvolveu-se uma seqüência didática com a fábula “A cigarra e as formigas”, de Esopo, como norteadora das atividades pedagógicas. Metodologicamente, trata-se de uma pesquisa participativa, de caráter qualitativo, em que o professor investiga sua própria prática, a partir de um corpus de narrativas orais escritas pelos alunos. Na análise de dados, detectaram-se várias dificuldades dos alunos no processo de retextualização, por desconhecimento de elementos pertinentes à modalidade escrita. Por isso, utilizam-se de recursos da fala, que lhes são mais familiares. O problema de retextualização mais recorrente no corpus diz respeito ao uso da pontuação. A seqüência didática desenvolvida mostrou-se eficaz e produtiva, pois contribuiu para o desenvolvimento da escrita dos alunos.
AUTORIA NO DOMÍNIO DE GÊNEROS DISCURSIVOS: PARÁFRASE E ESTILO
Authors: Ribeiro Nilsa Brito
Published: September 2024

Resumo Neste trabalho, através da análise de três recortes extraídos de discursos produzidos no meio universitário (a saber, aula, seminário e reunião acadêmica), pretendemos discutir a noção de autoria no domínio de gêneros discursivos. Para isso, elegemos os processos parafrásticos que, a nosso ver, evidenciam um trabalho do sujeito na e pela linguagem. Estamos admitindo, com base nos estudos bakhtinianos, que cada discurso sofre coerções genéricas e que cada enunciado carrega em si o estilo de um gênero peculiar a uma dada esfera de atividade humana (BAKHTIN, 1953). Interessa-nos considerar, no interior de gêneros discursivos, o espaço que se abre para um trabalho de autoria, que se configura tanto pela assunção de um projeto discursivo quanto por um trabalho que o sujeito realiza nos espaços que lhe são possibilitados.
MULHERES E POLÍTICA: ANALISANDO A REPRESENTAÇÃO SOCIOCULTURAL MIDIÁTICA
Authors: Gomes Maria Carmen Aires
Published: September 2024

Resumo O objetivo fundamental deste artigo é analisar as representações midiáticas sobre as mulheres que ocupam cargos de destaque na política. Procuro levantar como a mídia jornalística define e agrupa cada uma das práticas, explicita os atores sociais e relaciona causalmente as ações com as ações dos outros através da análise de uma reportagem. Como pressuposto teóricometodológico, utilizo a Análise de Discurso Crítica tal como desenvolvida por Fairclough (2003), van Leeuwen (1997), além dos estudos sobre Linguagem da Avaliação (WHITE, 2004; MARTIN, 2006). Constatou-se que, na reportagem analisada, a representação das mulheres em cargos de destaque na política evidencia vozes conflitantes sexistas.
GÊNEROS TEXTUAIS E LIVRO DIDÁTICO: DA TEORIA À PRÁTICA
Authors: Barros Eliana Merlin Deganutti de , Nascimento Elvira Lopes
Published: September 2024

Resumo O objetivo do artigo em pauta é investigar um quadro significativo da transposição didática da teoria dos gêneros textuais, a partir da análise de um capítulo do livro “Português: linguagens” (CEREJA; MAGALHÃES, 2004), cujo objeto de trabalho é o gênero “crítica”. Os critérios de análise foram estabelecidos a partir da leitura do manual do professor que acompanha o livro didático, e, nele, os autores explicitam que as atividades propostas para os capítulos de “produção textual” são embasadas na teoria de gêneros bakhtiniana. Para apreender o tratamento didático que os autores dão à produção textual - considerando que o capítulo em análise constitui um conjunto de atividades centrado em um gênero textual -, fundamentamos a análise na abordagem teórica do interacionismo sócio-discursivo (BRONCKART, 2003) e nas pesquisas de Dolz, Noverraz e Schneuwly (2004) sobre seqüências didáticas centradas em gêneros textuais.
História e favelas cariocas: um encontro tardio
Authors: Brum Mario , Gonçalves Rafael Soares , Amoroso Mauro
Published: September 2024

RESUMO O objetivo deste trabalho é refletir sobre a construção das favelas como objeto de pesquisa histórica. Se outras disciplinas das Ciências Sociais compreenderam a importância de usar a história como ferramenta metodológica para estudar a realidade desses espaços, ao menos desde os anos 1940, o presente estudo analisa as razões e implicações da História ter tardado em fazer das favelas um objeto mais sistemático de estudo. Analisamos, assim, que a renovação do debate historiográfico no Brasil, com a busca de novas fontes, tais como acervos documentais constituídos por instituições nas próprias favelas, e métodos, como os fornecidos pela História Oral, vêm dando mais densidade ao debate histórico sobre esses espaços, inclusive com a produção de trabalhos realizados por seus próprios moradores nos últimos anos. Ao levantar os trabalhos históricos sobre as favelas, pretendemos identificar as consequências epistemológicas dessa produção tanto para os estudos urbanos quanto para a própria História como campo disciplinar.
O lusotropicalismo em confronto com a intelectualidade afrodiaspórica: o caso de Angola
Authors: Cazetta Felipe , Delfino Leonara Lacerda
Published: September 2024

RESUMO É objetivo deste artigo apresentar as tensões existentes entre a percepção do lusotropicalismo endossada pelo salazarismo e a análise dos intelectuais dos territórios portugueses em África, destacadamente os angolanos. Gilberto Freyre ofereceu suporte retórico para a construção da nova visão do “mundo que o português criou”, partindo de Portugal como território formado por várias etnias e em múltiplos continentes, corroborando a estética proposta pelo salazarismo pós-Segunda Guerra Mundial. Todavia, tal interpretação contrastava com a realidade percebida pelos intelectuais angolanos. Analisaremos, assim, as obras de Gilberto Freyre e as respostas de autores angolanos em relação ao tratamento dado pelo Estado Novo português às “províncias ultramarinas”.
Uma teoria para o pensamento social brasileiro: ensaio, espaço e figuração nas interpretações do Brasil
Authors: Martins Maro Lara
Published: September 2024

Resumo: Este artigo tem por objetivo analisar o ensaísmo brasileiro dos anos 1920 – 1930, propondo o inter-relacionamento entre o pensamento social brasileiro e a teoria social/sociológica. A partir da categoria cronótopo moderno, elaboro a junção teórica entre cartografia imaginativa e figuração como eixos interpretativos do pensamento social brasileiro. Concluo ressaltando as características do ensaísmo como experiência intelectual periférica que apontou itinerários não modulares da modernidade.
NEOCONSERVADURISMOS EN LA EDUCACIÓN CHILENA: EMERGENCIA DE LOS ACTORES ANTIGÉNERO EN EL DEBATE PÚBLICO
Authors: Rojas Maria teresa
Published: September 2024

RESUMEN El artículo analiza, en primer lugar, la noción de neoconservadurismo en la educación chilena con la finalidad de entender su trayectoria en las últimas décadas en el contexto de la consolidación de un proyecto de educación mercantil. En segundo lugar, a partir de una investigación cualitativa en la que se entrevistó a 15 actores públicos de distintas posiciones políticas, se identifican los discursos de aquellos actores resistentes al avance de normativas sobre inclusión de género y diversidad sexual. Basado en las referencias, el artículo concluye que Chile vive un resurgimiento de un discurso neoconservador en educación, liderado por actores conservadores de ultraderecha y grupos evangélicos que critican el avance del debate sobre género, sexualidad y diversidad en las escuelas.
ENFRENTAR O RACISMO E O SEXISMO PARA A RECONSTRUÇÃO DA POLÍTICA EDUCACIONAL EM UMA PERSPECTIVA INTERSECCIONAL: A PROPOSTA DAS MULHERES NEGRAS
Authors: Santos Jaqueline , Carneiro Suelaine
Published: September 2024

RESUMO O feminismo negro, em uma perspectiva interseccional, defende a educação antirracista e antissexista, como analisado neste artigo. Forjada por ativistas mulheres negras, essa visão integra raça, classe, gênero e sexualidade como sistemas de interseção de poder (Collins, 2017). Propõe-se a interconexão das categorias de opressão a fim de compreender a diversidade social e promover justiça social democrática e equânime. O artigo resgata a agenda de políticas educacionais da 3ª Conferência Mundial de Combate ao Racismo (Durban, 2001) e da Marcha Nacional das Mulheres Negras (Brasília, 2015), destacando a relevância das mulheres negras na implementação da Lei de Diretrizes e Bases alterada pela Lei nº 10.639/2003 nos sistemas de ensino e no fortalecimento das ações afirmativas em instituições de ensino superior.
A review of approaches to atrazine treatment employing advanced oxidation processes technologies
Authors: Dantas Ádila de Oliveira Sampaio , Rocha Amanda Carmelo da , Cardoso Vicelma Luiz , Vieira Patrícia Angélica
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT Atrazine is a synthetic pesticide widely used in many crops. It is considered a contaminant to soil and water, and due to its leaching and recalcitrant capacities, new treatment technologies have been developed for its removal, with an emphasis on advanced oxidation processes (AOPs), since conventional wastewater treatments show reduced capacity to remove persistent organic pollutants. This article provides a literature review of the main AOP approaches, such as photolysis, ozonation, photoperoxidation, fenton and photo-fenton, photocatalysis, and electrochemical processes, for the atrazine treatment and the fundamentals behind each process. In addition, the innovations and applications of hybrid AOP systems were documented. It is worth mentioning that despite the high efficiency obtained by AOPs in the degradation of ATZ, it is important to evaluate the resulting toxicity and by-products formed, as well as the costs associated with the application of these processes.
Criterios que orientan la práctica de un profesor al enseñar las funciones exponencial y logarítmica
Authors: Campo-Meneses Karen Gisel , Moll Vicenç Font , García-García Javier
Published: September 2024

Resumen El objetivo de este artículo es inferir los criterios que orientan la práctica de un profesor de Matemáticas en México en las clases de funciones exponencial y logarítmica en bachillerato. Esta investigación cualitativa trata de un estudio de caso en el que se usó como fuente de información una entrevista semiestructurada al profesor Paul y 15 videograbaciones de sus clases sobre las funciones exponencial y logarítmica impartidas mediante la enseñanza remota de emergencia. Como referente teórico, para analizar las videograbaciones de las clases impartidas por el profesor Paul, se usó el modelo de análisis didáctico propuesto por el enfoque ontosemiótico del conocimiento y la instrucción matemática, particularmente los criterios de idoneidad didáctica fueron usados tanto en el diseño del protocolo de entrevista como para el análisis de las respuestas. Los resultados muestran que el profesor guía su práctica por los criterios cognitivo, epistémico, ecológico e interaccional. Además, promueve la mecanización de procedimientos y no establece ni usa la relación (de inversas) entre las dos funciones, lo cual es una explicación plausible de que sus estudiantes tendrán las dificultades reportadas en la literatura.
POLÍTICAS DE SEGURANÇA PÚBLICA A PARTIR DAS MARGENS: O “ENFRENTAMENTO” DA CRIMINALIDADE NO ENTORNO DO DISTRITO FEDERAL
Authors: Parreiras Angelina , Sofia Félix Duarte Bárbara , Da Cunha Victória
Published: September 2024

O artigo analisa as principais características das políticas de segurança operacionalizadas em Goiás, em contraponto a alguns aspectos da política de segurança no Distrito Federal, evidenciando as dinâmicas do "Entorno do Distrito Federal" — região que abrange municípios goianos e as "Cidades-Satélites" do DF. Focadas na manutenção das desigualdades, os resultados das práticas locais evidenciam que essas políticas, no território goiano, seguem uma lógica punitivista de "guerra" contra a criminalidade, configurando altos índices de encarceramento e violência policial. Embora tais abordagens sejam percebidas por parte da população como eficazes, tendo em vista a redução das taxas de homicídios e dos crimes patrimoniais, observa-se um deslocamento da criminalidade que procura por métodos menos letais e visíveis. A pesquisa — integrante do projeto "Dinâmicas da Violência nas Regiões Brasileiras", da Diest/Ipea — utilizou-se de entrevistas (in loco e online) com atores de organizações estatais (agentes das Secretarias de Segurança Pública, membros do Poder Judiciário e Ministério Público), acadêmicos e de movimentos sociais, além de pesquisa documental (relatórios, estudos, notícias, entre outros), revisão bibliográfica e consulta a fontes estatísticas. Apesar de Goiás e DF serem apresentados por seus governantes como “modelos tipo exportação” de segurança pública, essas políticas perpetuam a violência institucionalizada, especialmente na região do "Entorno do DF", onde a falta de integração entre os órgãos de segurança agrava a criminalidade e a violência.
Preferencias de estilos de aprendizajes de estudiantes de la carrera de Enfermería
Authors: Pincay Pin Virginia Esmeralda , Piguave Figueroa Tatiana Jazmin , Pincay Cañarte Maria Elena
Published: September 2024

Introducción: Los estilos de aprendizaje son las formas que tienen las personas para adquirir conocimientos. La formación de licenciados/as en enfermería requiere de una formación integral, por eso la importancia de resaltar y potenciar las preferencias de estilos de aprendizaje y mejorar la formación profesional. Objetivo: Identificar las preferencias de estilos de aprendizaje del estudiante de tercer semestre de la carrera de Enfermería. Método: Se utilizó el método descriptivo y transversal; el universo fueron 131 estudiantes matriculados en el tercer semestre en la carrera de enfermería, con una muestra de 99 participantes, calculada con el 95% de nivel de confianza y margen de error del 5%, para la selección se aplicó el método aleatorio simple; la escala utilizada fue el estilo de aprendizaje (Abdollahimohammad y Ja'afar, 2014), instrumento compuesto por 22 ítems y cinco subescalas: perceptiva, solitaria, analítica, imaginativa y competitiva. Para el análisis de los datos se utilizó el software SPSS para Windows, versión 26.0, estadística descriptiva, incluida media, desviación estándar, frecuencia y porcentaje. Resultados: En el tercer semestre de formación predomina el sexo femenino, la edad promedio es de 20 años. Los estilos de aprendizajes evaluados, mostraron que los estudiantes compiten con otros estudiantes, y compiten con otros, para obtener la nota más alta y otros indicaron que aprenderán mediante tareas prácticas y de forma analítica. Conclusiones: Los estilos de aprendizaje preferidos por los estudiantes son el son competitivos, perceptivos y analíticos y en menor promedio el solitario.
Numerical modelling of autogenous shrinkage of rice husk ash blended cement mortar
Authors: Lu Tianshi , Yang Han , Huang Hao , Zhao Xiang
Published: September 2024

Addition of rice husk ash (RHA) is an effective internal curing method to mitigate self-desiccation and autogenous shrinkage of hydrating cementitious materials. Although a certain number of experimental research studies on this topic have been carried out, comprehensive investigation of the numerical simulation of the mitigating effect of RHA on autogenous shrinkage of cementitious materials is still scarce. In this study, a numerical model of autogenous shrinkage of RHA blended cement mortar was proposed. The proposed numerical model was based on a Pickett model and improved by taking the visco-elastic behaviour of RHA blended cementitious materials into account. Final setting time, chemically bound water, compressive strength, internal relative humidity (RH) and autogenous shrinkage of pure Portland cementitious materials and RHA blended cementitious materials were experimentally studied. The liquid absorption capacity and water vapour desorption isotherm of RHA were also measured. Comparison between the simulated and measured autogenous shrinkage showed that the autogenous shrinkage of RHA blended cement mortar can be predicted accurately with the proposed numerical model.
Effects of seawater on properties of bentonite cut-off walls with/without cement addition
Authors: Li Wentao , Ting Matthew Zhi Yeon , Qin Junde , Yi Yaolin
Published: September 2024

Bentonite-based cut-off walls have been widely used to protect coastal areas against seawater intrusion. However, salts contained in coastal soils affect the properties of bentonite cut-off walls, and the interactions between seawater and bentonite minerals with or without cement remain unclear. The aim of this study was therefore to evaluate the effects of seawater on the workability, strength and permeability of bentonite-based mixtures, prepared using three types of bentonite (sodium, calcium and seawater bentonite). The underlying mechanisms were further investigated through Atterberg limits, mineralogical and microstructural analyses. The results showed that cation exchange between seawater and bentonite leads to alterations in montmorillonite type and particle arrangement. This leads to a significantly reduced liquid limit and a slightly decreased plastic limit of bentonite, therefore narrowing the range of workable water content for bentonite–sand mixtures. Compared with sodium/calcium bentonite, seawater bentonite was less impacted by seawater, but showed a larger increment in workability after cement addition due to palygorskite dissolution. Under similar workability, the bentonite–sand–cement mixture with calcium bentonite yielded the highest strength and the lowest permeability. These findings illustrate correlations between bentonite mineral alterations and the properties of bentonite–sand mixtures with or without cement, and offer guidance for the construction of cut-off walls in coastal regions.
Cemented sand under hollow cylinder multiaxial loading
Authors: Corte Marina Bellaver , Festugato Lucas , Ibraim Erdin , Diambra Andrea , Consoli Nilo Cesar
Published: September 2024

Improvement of granular soils’ mechanical properties can be achieved by the addition of bonding agents. In this research, low amount of Portland cement was added to a sand, and its beneficial shear strengthening effects were evaluated under a range of multiaxial stress paths. The influence of the orientation of the principal axes of stress and strain on the stress–strain response and failure of cemented sand has only been scarcely investigated. Therefore, this experimental investigation reports the results of a series of consolidated drained hollow cylinder torsional tests with constant principal stress path direction, ασ, varying from 0° to 90°. Results were compared with the shear behaviour of the uncemented sand tested under similar loading conditions. Results show that the addition of cement to the sand matrix increases the soil strength for all multiaxial stress path directions. The suitability of two multiaxial strength criteria for reproducing the shape of the failure envelope as a function of the orientation of principal stress axis ασ has also been analysed.
Effect of arsenic green synthesis nanoparticles on multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii
Authors: Alhomaidi Eman , Al-Qahtani Wahidah H.
Published: September 2024

Multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains of Acinetobacter baumannii are pathogenic agents of hospital infections, especially in the intensive care unit. The purpose of this study is to investigate the antibacterial effects and biosynthesis of arsenic nanoparticles (ARn) using pink rose petals on MDR strains of A. baumannii. In this study, plant bioactive molecules present in rose petals are responsible for the synthesis of ARn. The characteristics of ARn were determined through FTIR, EDX, DLS, SEM, UV–vis, and X-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques. In addition, the antibacterial activity of biosynthesized ARn was investigated against MDR A. baumannii. The results of SEM revealed that the ARn were spherical with an average diameter of 75.71 nm. The results of XRD confirmed the crystal structure of arsenic oxide phase. The results of antibacterial effects exhibited that the lowest minimum inhibitory concentration of ARn was 800 μg/ml on the standard strain of A. baumannii and 800 μg/ml against clinical strains of MDR A. baumannii. The results of this study provided a new green synthesis method for ARn, which have a high potential on MDR A. baumannii. This study has the potential to pave the way for further research and developments in this field.
Research on recommended model of personalised interior environment design
Authors: Luo Shasha
Published: September 2024

Personalised recommendation systems are a common feature of e-commerce, streaming services, and other fields. However, they are not common in the field of interior environment design. Existing international research tends to prioritise deep learning–based recommendation algorithms. These methods rely heavily on large-scale data and complex models to improve the accuracy of recommendations. However, they often face significant limitations. Therefore, this paper proposes a personalised recommendation model for interior environment design based on clustering collaborative filtering algorithm and user portrait. The model improves the traditional collaborative filtering recommendation algorithm. Based on the established user profile and improved collaborative filtering recommendation algorithm, the constructed model is verified through performance analysis and practical application test. The experimental results show that when the number of neighbours is 20, the MAE of the model is 0.7035, which has better personalised recommendation performance. In addition, in the personalised recommendation application of interior environment design, the click-through rate of the model is increased by 0.115, and the purchase conversion rate of users is increased by about 0.270, which further proves the effectiveness of the model. The results show that this model can provide more accurate, diversified, and personalised indoor environment design solutions to meet the individual needs of users.
Enhance NiCrBSi by the spatial selectivity of in situ shock wave–assisted laser cladding
Authors: Yang Haifeng , Pei Jiafu , Shi Mingtian , Chen Kai
Published: September 2024

The composite energy field laser cladding (LC) can improve the mechanical properties of coatings. Based on the spatial selectivity of laser shock, in situ shock wave–assisted LC (in situ SWALC) was proposed to fabricate NiCrBSi coatings. First, based on the self-developed in situ SWALC system, four NiCrBSi coatings were prepared on the 16Mn substrate by changing the center-to-center distance (CTCD) of two laser spots. Then, the differences of microstructure and element content between LC coating and in situ SWALC coatings were analyzed. Vickers hardness tester and wear tester were used to compare the influence of CTCD. Finally, based on the theoretical calculation and propagation characteristics of the shock wave, combined with real-time monitoring of the molten pool using high-speed imaging, the strengthening mechanism was revealed. When the CTCD was 0.9 mm, the NiCrBSi coating had the highest hardness and wear properties, which was attributed to the effects of shock wave on the molten pool flow and solidification process. Therefore, the spatial selectivity of in situ SWALC will play an important role in improving coating performance and energy efficiency, which contributes to the UN Sustainable Development Goal 9.
‘Knowledge is Power’: Literature, Invention, Radical Thinking at the London Mechanics’ Institution
Authors: Calè Luisa
Published: September 2024

On the occasion of the bicentenary of the London Mechanics’ Institution, this introduction goes back to the Baconian motto ‘Knowledge is Power’ adopted by the early proponents of mechanics’ education to reconstruct the place and function of literature in mechanic invention, practical education, and useful knowledge, against the backdrop of its emergence as an autonomous discipline of the creative imagination. Analysis of different published versions of George Birkbeck’s speech on the laying of the first stone of the lecture room in December 1824 reveals the precarious status of literature in the mechanics’ ‘Temple of Reason’ under construction: foregrounded in one version, excluded from another. Why? This intervention explores what is at stake in its inclusion or exclusion then and now, in the current predicament of the arts and humanities locally, nationally, and internationally.
Evaluation of Hepatitis Serology Screening Frequency and Viral Reactivation in Patients Followed with Biological Therapy or Cytotoxic Chemotherapy
Authors: Kılçar Arif , Doğru Atalay
Published: September 2024

Objective: Our study aimed to evaluate the results of hepatitis B and C serology screening before biological therapy and chemotherapeutic treatments in internal medicine clinics (rheumatology, medical oncology, and gastroenterology) by comparing between departments and investigating the virus reactivation status.
Material and Method: The study included 1147 patients aged 18 and over who were admitted to the medical oncology, rheumatology, and gastroenterology departments between 2019 and 2021 and received cytotoxic chemotherapy and biological treatment. HBsAg, Anti-HBs, Anti-HBc, and Anti-HCV data were used to screen for hepatitis. The departments were compared and evaluated based on the frequency of screening and reactivation.
Results: Before undergoing chemotherapy or biological therapy, 77% of patients in oncology, 40% in rheumatology, and 43% in gastroenterology were fully screened for hepatitis. The rates of incomplete screening were 16%, 48%, and 52%, respectively, while 3%, 10%, and 4% were never screened. In total, reactivation was observed in twelve patients (1.0%), while no reactivation was observed in 1135 patients (99.0%). A statistically significant correlation was found between the departments and the presence of reactivation (p
Psychiatric Emergencies in Perinatal Women: A Retrospective Analysis
Authors: Şenyaşar Meterelliyoz Kumru , İnan Ünlü Alevhan , Çetinay Aydın Pınar
Published: September 2024

Objective: The perinatal period represents a critical juncture in a woman's life marked by profound emotional, social, and physical changes. During this phase, there is a propensity for the exacerbation of pre-existing psychiatric symptoms or the emergence of new ones. Notably, there is often an uptick in psychiatric emergencies and presentations to emergency psychiatric departments among women in the perinatal period. This study aimed to retrospectively evaluate women accessing emergency psychiatric departments during pregnancy and the postpartum period, focusing on their presenting complaints, diagnoses, clinical trajectory, and factors influencing the decision for inpatient treatment.
Material and Method: A retrospective review was conducted on the records of 11,419 women aged 18 to 45 who sought care at the Psychiatric Emergency Department of Bakirkoy Prof.Dr. Mazhar Osman Research and Training Hospital Hospital between July 2015 and July 2016.
Results: Among them, the records of 163 women who were either pregnant or within one year postpartum were analyzed. Of the women accessing services during the perinatal period, 46% were pregnant, while 54% were in the postpartum phase. Additionally, 38.7% of these women presented to the psychiatric department for the first time. Distress and anxiety emerged as the most common reasons for seeking help. Interestingly, no significant differences were observed between the pregnancy and postpartum periods regarding presenting complaints and clinical progression. However, the incidence of psychotic disorders was notably higher during the postpartum period compared to pregnancy. Through logistic regression analysis involving pregnancy status, presenting complaints, and diagnoses, it was determined that the nature of the presenting complaint significantly influenced the decision for inpatient treatment. Notably, scepticism, agitation, and suicidal ideation were identified as the most prevalent complaints among women who required inpatient care.
Conclusion: Mental health challenges during the perinatal period not only jeopardize the well-being of the woman but also impact the health of the infant. Detecting and addressing emergent psychiatric issues during this phase are pivotal for timely intervention and preventive measures.
Exploring Internalized Stigma, Self-Esteem, and Symptom Severity in Depression: A Comparative Study of Active and Remitted Phases
Authors: Ünal Aydın Pınar , Taşkın Emin Oryal
Published: September 2024

Objective: Internalized stigma, which refers to the internalization of negative attitudes and beliefs towards persons with mental illness, significantly impacts their self-perception and overall well-being. This research examines the correlations among internalized stigma, the severity of symptoms, and self-esteem in individuals diagnosed with major depressive disorder (MDD), specifically comparing those currently experiencing active depression with those who are in remission.
Material and Method: Participants were selected from a psychiatric outpatient unit based on their diagnosis of MDD. Participants provided sociodemographic information and completed assessments measuring the severity of depression, level of anxiety, self-esteem, and internalized stigma.
Results: Participants experiencing active depression exhibited elevated levels of depression severity, anxiety severity, and internalized stigma, while also reporting diminished self-esteem in comparison to those who were in a state of remission. Strong positive relationships were observed between the severity of depression and internalized stigma where self-esteem was negatively correlated with the stigma. The results of the regression analysis showed that there was a significant relationship between the severity of depression, self-esteem, and internalized stigma in the group of individuals with active MDD.
Conclusion: This study underscores the impact of depression severity and self-esteem on internalized stigma in individuals with MDD. The findings indicate the need to implement comprehensive treatment techniques that address psychological and social variables like self-esteem and internalized stigma in addition to symptom management. Future studies should investigate the long-term connections and assess the efficacy of interventions in reducing the obstacles caused by stigma in the process of recovering from depression.
Perceived Stress in Medical Education: Relationship with Empathy and Stigmatisation
Authors: Bacık Yaman Gözde , Nar Berna , İşcan Gökçe
Published: September 2024

Objective: Medical students have been shown to report high levels of perceived stress. Perceived stress leads to a loss of empathy and negatively affects attitudes and behaviours towards patients. This study aimed to investigate the perceived stress levels and empathy skills of medical students and their relationship with their attitudes to mental illness.
Material and Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Türkiye between March 2024 and April 2024 using an online survey. A total of 544 medical students attending university in the academic year 2023-2024 completed the questionnaire, which included the sociodemographic data form, the perceived medical school stress scale, the empathy scale, and the beliefs towards mental illness scale. Participants were asked whether they had received psychiatry training, whether they had been diagnosed with a mental illness, and whether they would disclose if they were diagnosed with a mental illness.
Results: By gender, the mean Perceived Medical School Stress Scale score of females was statistically significantly higher than that of males (p=0.035). Perceived Medical School Stress Scale scores did not differ by training year, whereas Beliefs Towards Mental Illness Scale Weak Social and Interpersonal Skills sub-dimension scores did (p=0.643; and p=0.027, respectively). The Empathy Scale score of students who received psychiatry training was statistically significantly higher than that of students who did not receive a placement (p=0.003). A low significant negative correlation was found between the Perceived Medical School Stress and Empathy Scale scores (rho=-0.098; p=0.005).
Conclusion: In our study, the perceived stress of medical students during their training differs according to gender, and its relationship with empathy skills is demonstrated. Individualised interventions to prevent and alleviate stress should be developed for students who need support coping with difficulties during their training.
Protocol for the ‘Validated Entheses-based Reconstruction of Activity 2.0’ (VERA 2.0) Method: Semi-Automated Measurement of 3D Entheseal Changes v1
Authors: Alexandros Karakostis Fotios
Published: September 2024

This protocol introduces the "Validated Entheses-based Reconstruction of Activity 2.0" (VERA 2.0), an advanced iteration of the original VERA 1.0, previously developed by the author of this protocol (Karakostis, 2022; Karakostis & Harvati, 2021; Karakostis & Lorenzo, 2016). VERA 1.0 has become a valuable tool in anthropological studies for repeatably delineating, measuring, and analyzing 3D muscle attachment sites (surface areas), demonstrating that entheseal 3D surface variation can reflect habitual muscle coordination and physical activity. VERA 2.0 builds on this foundation with significant enhancements, offering a semi-automated protocol that greatly simplifies the 3D area quantification process. It requires only one initial set of manual steps – selecting a pre-specified broader region of the bone around the enthesis – after which the remaining procedure can be fully automated using a stored filter script (e.g., mlx file in the software Meshlab). After some practice, this semi-automation can potentially reduce the entire 3D area measurement time to less than 2 minutes per enthesis (see example video below), enabling the analysis of very large skeletal samples within a few working days. Unlike VERA 1.0, which measures the entire 3D surface area of bony structures associated with a muscle and/or ligament (e.g., the entire tubercle), VERA 2.0 identifies 3D surface deformations and irregularities within the footprint of the attaching soft tissue (i.e., “entheseal changes”), which can arguably be more clearly associated with direct muscle or ligament loading. Preliminary experimental analyses, which will be presented in the validation paper associated with this protocol, indicate that VERA 2.0 can effectively and repeatably identify activity-related differences, similar to VERA 1.0. This protocol provides a comprehensive, step-by-step guide for executing the VERA 2.0 workflow, covering both manual and automated components. It is designed to enable users to achieve measurement repeatability without necessarily requiring training from the developer, though direct contact with the author is encouraged for questions or explicit recommendations regarding particular entheses.
USDA LTAR Common Experiment Measurement: Chamber-based fluxes of nitrous oxide (N2O) and methane (CH4) from soil v1
Authors: Philip Robertson G.
Published: September 2024

Emissions of nitrous oxide (N2O) and methane (CH4) from soil are dynamic and spatially variable. Chamber based methods have been used since the 1980s to document fluxes and are widely used in both managed and natural ecosystems (Clough et al., 2020; Holland et al., 1999; Parkin and Venterea, 2010). They are well-tested, relatively inexpensive, and can be deployed extensively. They are also suitable for emissions of other gases, notably CO2 and NOx. Chambers can also be automated (e.g, Grace et al., 2020) to capture temporal dynamics. Here we provide hands-on, best-practice guidelines for the minimum and preferred chamber sampling plans sufficient to compare Common Experiment flux differences across all sites in the Long-Term Agroecosystem Research (LTAR) Network. Although each site is different, and exceptions will likely be necessary, following these guidelines will maximize the potential for making cross-site comparisons and provides those new to soil greenhouse gas sampling a straightforward path for successful measurement campaigns. In general, chambers will need to be of a sufficient size and placed to capture representative fluxes, keeping in mind plant spacing, fertilizer placement, and other features of the site that affect spatial variability such as topography. Once placed, chambers will need to be sampled at intervals that capture episodic emissions that result from management events such as tillage and nitrogen fertilization and environmental events such as rainfall following dry periods. Fluxes are typically low during dry periods and in winter if freeze-thaw events are infrequent, and during these periods sampling frequencies can be relaxed. In general, we recommend a minimum of weekly sampling following events known to stimulate fluxes (tillage, N fertilization, rainfall following drought) and biweekly sampling otherwise except when soil is very dry or frozen, when sampling can be monthly. By convention, fluxes should be expressed as μg N2O-N m-2 h-1 or μg CH4-C m-2 h-1.
METALURGIA BÁSICA DE ALGUNAS ALEACIONES DE ALUMINIO EXTRUIDAS O LAMINADAS
Authors: Echavarría V Alejandro , Orrego P. Gustavo Adriano
Published: September 2024

Se presenta una comparación metalúrgica entre varios tipos de aluminios que se utilizan para la producción de láminas delgadas producidas por extrusión y posterior laminación, según las especificaciones: AA2024, AA3003, AA8011, AA6082 y AA8006. En el presente informe se expone la metalurgia básica de las cuatro aleaciones en estudio, utilizando los diagramas de fase pseudobinarios apropiados, para entender la secuencia de solidificación y los precipitados encontrados en la matriz de aluminio. También se realiza una comparación del comportamiento a la deformación plástica de dichos materiales y tener elementos de decisión para su posible uso industrial.
COMPORTAMIENTO HIDRODINÁMICO DE UN REACTOR ELECTROQUÍMICO
Authors: Reyes Pineda Henry , Pérez Herranz Valentín , Arias M. Diego Fernando
Published: September 2024

Se va a estudiar el comportamiento de un reactor electroquímico a escala piloto de compartimentos separados por separadores cerámicos, con una configuración de tipo filtro prensa, el cual fue aplicado para la recuperación de cromo hexavalente, procedente de la industria del metalizado de plásticos. Previamente, en una primera parte se determinó el régimen del fluido que lo caracteriza, utilizando distintos promotores de turbulencia, mediante la obtención de la distribución de tiempos de residencia (DTR). El conocimiento de la (DTR) es fundamental para seleccionar las mejores condiciones hidrodinámicas que se utilizarán posteriormente cuando el reactor se aplique a la recuperación de cromo hexavalente y otros tipos de metales pesados. Se ha obtenido un modelo matemático que rige el comportamiento hidrodinámico del reactor filtro prensa, el cual depende del coeficiente de dispersión y el caudal de operación.
TRATAMIENTO DE AGUAS RESIDUALES PROVENIENTES DE LA INDUSTRIA
Authors: Palma Goyes Ricardo E. , Macías Uribe Juliana , Torres Palma Ricardo A.
Published: September 2024

En el presente estudio, la degradación electroquímica del colorante textil índigo carmín (IC) (3,3-dioxo-2,2-bi indolilideno-5,5-disulfonato disódico) fue llevada a cabo utilizando ánodos dimensionalmente estables (DSA) de Ti /IrO2-SnO2 dopados con Sb2O5. El efecto de diferentes sales (NaCl, Na2SO4 y NaHCO3) como electrolito soporte fue analizado. Los resultados mostraron que la oxidación del colorante IC se mejora cuando hay presencia de NaCl en el medio de solución debido a la acción de las especies oxidantes HClO/ClO- electrogenerados a partir del medio conductor. En presencia de NaCl, se logró una remoción rápida del color y de la demanda química en oxígeno. Los resultados obtenidos muestran el gran potencial de aplicación de esta tecnología al tratamiento de aguas residuales de la industria textil.
DEGRADACIÓN HIDROLÍTICA DEL POLIETILEN-TEREFTALATO (PET)
Authors: Contreras Elbert , Sánchez Andrés Felipe , Muñoz John Rober , Hoyos Alejandro , Vásquez Alejandro , Gartner Carmiña
Published: September 2024

El uso masivo del polietilen-tereftalato (PET) genera gran cantidad de residuos sólidos; es por ello que se han propuesto diversas maneras para su reciclaje. En el presente trabajo se estudió la degradación hidrolítica de PET reciclado en medio básico, como investigación del curso de Materiales Poliméricos de Ingeniería de Materiales. Se degradó PET de botella fragmentado, en hidróxido de sodio etanólico 2 M a 80°C por dos horas. Se cuantificó el porcentaje de degradación por gravimetría y los subproductos obtenidos fueron identificados por espectroscopía infrarroja (FTIR). Se alcanzó un porcentaje de degradación entre 84 y 90%, para tres tamaños de partícula utilizados, de lo cual se concluye que no es necesario fragmentar muy finamente el material de partida. Como subproducto de la hidrólisis se obtuvo uno de los monómeros de partida. Los resultados obtenidos permiten concluir la viabilidad del método implementado, el cual emplea condiciones menos drásticas que las reportadas en la literatura.
ESTUDIO DEL EFECTO DE LA PLATA EN LA CONDUCTIVIDAD ELECTRICA Y PROPIEDADES MECANICAS DE LOS DURALUMINIOS Al-4% Cu-0.5 Mg CON ADICIONES DE PLATA
Authors: Sánchez Héctor , García Edwin , Correal Reinaldo
Published: September 2024

En este trabajo se evalúa el efecto del contenido de plata de las aleaciones base Al-Cu en la morfología de la microestructura, la resistencia a la tracción, la resistencia eléctrica y el incremento de la temperatura con el paso de la corriente eléctrica (efecto Joul). Para tal fin, fueron evaluadas las aleaciones Al-4%Cu-0,5%Mg con contenidos de plata en proporciones del 1,5%, 2,5% y 3,5%. El endurecimiento por precipitación se llevó a cabo mediante tratamientos térmicos de homogenización por solución sólida, enfriamiento rápido (temple) y envejecimiento artificial por diferentes tiempos y temperaturas. El análisis de la microestructura se realizó mediante el microscopio óptico y SEM, además, se midieron durezas Vickers, ensayos de resistencia a la tracción y pruebas de conductividad eléctrica, las cuales se compararon con la aleación A356-T6.