bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE INFLUENCE OF THE SEASON ON THE REALIZATION OF THE REPRODUCTIVE CAPACITY OF RABBITS OF THE POLTAVSKA SILVER BREED
Authors: Vintoniv O. A.
Published: July 2024

According to the results of the study of the indicators of the reproductive capacity of female rabbits of the Poltava silver breed (n=50) in the conditions of the rabbit farm of the Cherkassy Experimental Station of Bioresources of the National Academy of Sciences, the peculiarities of realizing the potential of the reproductive capacity of rabbits depending on the breeding season were established. The obtained data make it possible to assert that, despite keeping rabbits in a room with a regulated microclimate, the degree of realization of the index of reproductive ability of female rabbits of the silver breed largely depends on the breeding season. According to the results of the study, it was established that when comparing the average values of the fertility index, a probable predominance of the quantitative parameters of the investigated nests was registered in female rabbits in the spring and autumn periods - 7.1 heads, and the lowest - in winter (5.9 heads) (p<0.001). The average value of the indicator in the summer period was 6.9 goals. The results of the study of the nest mass indicator in different periods of the postnatal development of the young showed the existence of a difference in the average values depending on the season of the year. It was established that the minimum of this indicator of nest weight was registered in winter (350.4 g), and the maximum in autumn (434.9 g), in spring and summer - 432.4 g and 422.1 g, respectively, the difference when compared to the minimum value was revealed significant (p<0.001). A similar trend was observed throughout the study period. Juveniles obtained from spring and autumn feeding had the advantage in terms of indicators of changes in the live weight of the nest. The results of the study of the percentage of survival of the young during the period from birth to weaning showed that this indicator, depending on the season of the year, had a slight variability and was for the studied females: in winter - 94.9%, in spring - 93.0%, in summer - 92.9% and in autumn - 94.4%, which should be taken into account when planning work on reproduction of livestock.
FEATURES OF BENDING OF CURVILINEAR ABSOLUTELY ELASTIC BARS
Authors: Pylypaka S. F. , Khropost V. I. , Volina T. M. , Kresan T. A. , Hryshchenko I. Yu. , Babka V. M. , Rybenko I. O. , Rebriy A. M.
Published: July 2024

In construction mechanics, the linear theory of bending is used to calculate deflections of beams. It gives an approximate result, but it is quite acceptable for practice, since the deflections of the beams are small compared to their length. In the case of significant deflections of the rods, when the curvature of the elastic axis is significant, a nonlinear theory is used. It is based on the position of resistance of materials, according to which the curvature of the elastic axis is directly proportional to the applied moment and inversely proportional to the stiffness of the rod. Such types of elastic bending are present in agricultural tillage equipment. Thanks to the elasticity of the rods, which can be working bodies or connect the working bodies to the frame of the machine, pulsating loads are extinguished. Bars in the free state can have an initial curvature of the elastic axis, which can be constant or variable. One end of the rod is rigidly attached to the machine frame, and the other is under the influence of the applied force. If the curvature is constant, that is, the elastic axis of the rod is an arc of a circle, then the deformation will be the same regardless of which end of the rod is attached to the frame. For rods with a variable curvature of the elastic axis, this is important. The following cases are considered in the article, corresponding calculations were made on the basis of which the shape of the elastic axis of the rod after its bending was found. Curvilinear rods of variable curvature have a different value at the ends. In this regard, the shape of the elastic axis under the action of the tracking force of the pinched rod will depend on which end it is pinched. The moment under which the elastic axis of the rod is deformed depends on the shoulder, that is, on the length of the arc of the elastic axis.The length of the arc of the curve can increase only in one direction from the reference point. If the rod is clamped at the opposite end, then the direction in which the shoulder grows, i.e. the length of the arc, must be changed. For this purpose, a method of solving this problem is proposed, which allows you to take any section of a curved rod and examine it for bending by the following force when one or the opposite end is pinched.
Scientific substantiation of the use of iron-containing drugs in veterinary medicine
Authors: Derkach Iryna , Dukhnitsky Volodymyr , Fritsky Igor , Plutenko Maksym , Kohutych Maksym
Published: July 2024

The relevance of this study is conditioned by the need to summarise current knowledge about the use of iron-containing drugs in veterinary medicine and their scientific substantiation. The purpose of this study was to analyse the results of the latest experimental data presented in the literature on the pharmacological and toxicological properties of iron-containing drugs and the specific features of their use in veterinary medicine. The study employed the method of literature analysis with the formulation of relevant substantiated conclusions and their generalisation or comparison. Iron-containing medicines are particularly relevant in modern veterinary medicine for the prevention of iron deficiency anaemia in piglets. The use of iron dextran preparations is a scientifically sound and necessary preventive measure in modern pig production. Furthermore, the study covered new approaches to the development of effective antianaemic drugs for animals of other species, including calves. The study also covered the controversial issues of the use of iron-containing drugs in pregnant females for the prevention of iron deficiency in animals born from them. The analysis of the literature data presented in this study shows a prominent degree of scientific interest in the study of pharmacological and toxicological properties of iron in high valences (specifically, ferrous iron in clathrochelate form) with a view to their use in medicine. The conducted literature review suggests the multidirectional use of iron-containing drugs in various dosage forms in veterinary medicine. The study identified the key trends in the pharmaceutical market of iron-containing drugs registered in Ukraine. In recent years, there has been a growing body of scientifically based evidence indicating the effectiveness of iron-dextran complex in combination with micro- and macronutrients and vitamins. Currently, the use of iron-containing drugs in the world’s veterinary practice, considering their scientifically and experimentally proven pharmacological properties, is extremely promising. The materials of this study are of practical value for expanding the possibilities of using new forms of iron in veterinary medicine
Installing two internal combustion engines in series on a vehicle as a method of reducing torque unevenness
Authors: Podryhalo Mykhailo , Vakhniuk Serhii
Published: July 2024

An analysis of studies on the possibility of reducing fuel consumption of cars by replacing their power plants with two internal combustion engines installed in series is carried out. It has been determined that it is possible to reduce fuel consumption by reducing the unevenness of torque at the transmission input shaft, which in turn depends on the relative angular orientation of the crankshafts of the installed internal combustion engines. The study has determined that when installing two consecutive internal combustion engines, each of which generates an indicator torque that obeys the harmonic law, it makes it possible to shift the curves of the indicator torque and the crankshaft angle so that both engines operate in opposite phases. It is proposed to use a method of increasing the energy efficiency of cars by using two consecutive internal combustion engines, the crankshafts of which are installed relative to their initial angular position with the difference in the angular coordinates (angles of rotation) of the crankshafts of both engines relative to the initial position, which allows to reduce unproductive energy losses. Approximating the actual curves of change of the indicator torque by the harmonic law, taking into account the angle of rotation of the crankshaft, graphs of dependence of the indicator torque on the angle of rotation of the crankshaft of four-stroke internal combustion engines with different numbers of cylinders are constructed. It has been determined that with an increase in the number of cylinders of an internal combustion engine and the coefficient of the share of torque on the drive wheels, there is a decrease in the coefficient of unproductive energy consumption, which takes into account the influence of the unevenness of the indicator torque. The problem of ensuring the operation of the second engine in the counterphase of the first engine is solved, which should be fulfilled by the ratio of the angles of rotation of the crankshafts of the first and second engines relative to the initial (zero) position with the difference in the angular coordinates (angles of rotation) of the crankshafts of both engines relative to the initial position. The results of calculating the angle of the crankshafts' relative position when two internal combustion engines are installed sequentially in the opposite phase indicate a decrease in this angle with an increase in the number of cylinders.
Methodological approach to solving the problem of functional reliability of automobile transport systems
Authors: Golub Dmitry , Bilichenko Viktor , Aulin Viktor , Zamurenko Artem , Kichura Ruslan
Published: July 2024

An analysis of methods and techniques for solving the problem of increasing and ensuring the appropriate level of reliability of technical systems was carried out, which made it possible, based on the use of analogies, to find out the directions for ensuring the reliability of automobile transport systems.
The essence of the concept of the reliability of the functioning of automobile transport systems for the transportation of goods and passengers from a methodological point of view is clarified. The insufficiency of regulatory and legal documentation for the development of methods and techniques for assessing the reliability of transport systems is substantiated. The synthesis of the concepts of "management" and "reliability" of the functioning of transport systems in comparison with similar concepts of technical systems is considered.
The expert method and methodology of expert assessment of the reasons for failures of the production subsystem of the motor vehicle enterprise and its services are considered. It was found that factor analysis in combination with expert assessment makes it possible to assess the significance of the reasons for failure of transport systems and their frequency. In accordance with the classification of failures of technical systems, an analysis of their belonging to automobile transport systems was carried out.
The classification of failures of technical systems according to different sets of features is analyzed. It was established that the classification of failures of automobile transport systems is based on the use of analogy with the classification of failures of technical systems, as well as on the results of the analysis of the factors of the causes of failures that occur in the production system of the carrier's enterprise. It was revealed that the selection of significant factors affecting the failure of automobile transport systems is based on the method of expert evaluations, their ranking by importance was carried out, and their relative frequencies were calculated. The results of the factor analysis of the reasons for the failure of the production subsystem of the motor vehicle enterprise are given.
It is assumed that by analogy with technical automobile transport systems, they are also subject to decomposition by stages of the life cycle. Therefore, a sudden failure of automobile transport systems is characterized by a sudden change in the values of one or more initial parameters agreed with the customer, and a gradual one occurs as a result of a slow, gradual deterioration of the functioning characteristics of the subsystem or the system as a whole or a participant in the transportation of goods and passengers.
Combined method of foundry and thermal processes of manufacturing castings from iron-carbon alloys
Authors: Doroshenko Volodymyr , Yanchenko Alexander
Published: July 2024

With the help of innovations at an industrial enterprise, it is possible to increase labor efficiency and reduce the resource intensity of production. The relevance of the development of the technology of metal casting in sand molds, as the most common casting process, is justified by the fact that up to 80 % of the tonnage of castings is produced in such molds, including special types of casting in molds from sand materials. 60-70 % of the equipment capacities, areas, and personnel of foundry shops are attributed to molding processes, including mixing and rod production. Pollution "due to the mold" can reach up to 80%. A significant potential for the development of foundry mold technology is the improvement of the processes of casting metal into molds made of loose sand without a binding component, in particular, according to the Lost Foam Casting Process (LFC). The authors present the concept of improving the processes of casting metal into molds made of loose sand by the method of dual application of molding materials and give examples of such application. The use of loose molding sand for rapid cooling of the casting, including heat treatment, is able to strengthen its metal and reduce the duration of cooling of the casting in the mold, which leads to an increase in the productivity of foundries without increasing the number of furnace equipment and loose mold filler. The applied method of isothermal hardening (austempering) from the hot state of castings from iron-carbon alloys excludes heating with exposure for austenization of castings, which reduces the cost, time and energy consumption of obtaining products with a strengthened bainite structure, which, in fact, corresponds to the concept of realizing internal reserves as a foundry sand mold, and cast metal. Some foundry enterprises of the Vinnytsia region also use LFC or have concluded contracts, planning to reconstruct their shops for this ecological and economically beneficial foundry technology.
Development of parasite complexes in the ecosystem of the rose garden of the main Botanical Garden of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Authors: Chervyakova O. N. , Keldysh M. A.
Published: July 2024

The article reports on studies (2011-2022) monitoring harmful organisms in the ecosystem of the rose garden of the Main Botanical Garden of the Russian Academy of Sciences. The studies yielded data on the detection of pathogens and pests, as well as the phenotypic manifestation of pathologies and lesions. A total of 21 species of pathogens and 16 species of phytophages were identified. The species composition of harmful organisms in the ecosystem of the rose garden was defined. It is shown that at the initial stage (2011- 2013) of ecosystem establishment, no external signs of viral diseases were observed, and a low level of fungal infections was noted. The development of such harmful pathogens as Peronospora sparsa Jacz., Sphaerotheca pannosa Lev., Phragmidium disciflorum James, and Ph. tuberculatum Mull. was controlled by culling plants of susceptible varieties. The predominant pathogens included Marssonina rosae (Lib.) Died., Phyllosticta rosae Desm., and Septoria rosae Desm., and the susceptibility of specific varieties to these pathogens was established. The populations of pathogens causing spot anthracnose (Sphaceloma rosarum Pass.), ascochyta leaf spot (Ascochyta rosicola Sacc.), and cercospora leaf spot (Cercospora rosicola Pass.) were slightly less common. A wide range of signs of viral infections was identified. Nine viruses belonging to five genera were detected. The frequency of their occurrence was analyzed, and the most common viruses were identified: Prunus necrotic ring spot ilarvirus, Apple mosaic ilarvirus, Tobacco ring spot nepovirus, and Arabis mosaic nepovirus. The species diversity of phytophages was noted: leaf beetles, snout beetles, leafroller moths, sawflies, blossom weevils, earwigs, moths, leafhoppers, aphids, and true bugs. It was found that damage to plants by a range of pests reached only an average level, except for individual varieties (Red Blanket and Prosperity). In general, the phytosanitary assessment of the rose gene pool of the garden according to the phytosanitary monitoring and integrated detection revealed a wide range of parasite complexes: fourteen types of pathogenic complexes, four types of entomological complexes, and five types of entomopathogenic complexes. The tactical and basic directions for control of harmful organisms in the ecosystem of the rose garden are discussed.
Results of evaluating the early maturity and yield potential of wild vetch varieties growing in Moscow Oblast
Authors: Gorbunova Yu. V. , Vlasova E. V. , Aleksandrova T. G.
Published: July 2024

Wild-growing varieties are used in the breeding of Vicia sativa L. in order to expand genotypic diversity and improve the environmental stability of created varieties. In order to find wild-growing vetch possessing valuable breeding traits, 22 specimens from 15 countries were evaluated. Tests were conducted in a field experiment in the south of Moscow Oblast in 2018, 2020, and 2021. The ‘Vera’ variety served as the reference. On the basis of three-year data and in accordance with the International Classification of Vicia sativa L., the specimens were evaluated for early maturity, crop and seed production, seed size, leading shoot length, branchiness, number of pods per plant, and number of seeds in a pod. All the specimens were characterized by early maturity of fodder mass and seeds. The three-year average duration of the “sprouting- crop ripeness” period amounted to 34.7-46.3 days, while that of “sprouting-seed maturity” reached 59.0-67.5 days. In wild-growing specimens, the dry weight of the plant in the phase of crop ripeness ranged from 1.0 to 5.0 g (18-92 % of the reference). The fodder mass yield per plant was lower than that of the reference variety due to the poorer development of lateral shoots. Nineteen specimens were at the same level as or superior to the reference variety in terms of plant height. The three-year average seed yield of the specimens varied from 1.3 to 3.2 g (28-70 % of the reference). An analysis of seed yield showed that all specimens produced fewer pods than the reference. However, seven specimens were identified to be annually superior to the reference in terms of other traits: seed size (kk-36830, 36831, 36837, 36848, and 36850); the average number of seeds in the pod (kk-36871); the maximum number of pods in a node; the number of pods and the number of productive nodes on the leading shoot (kk-36879). These specimens are of interest for use in breeding vetch for seed yield.
Comparative Liming Power of Chicken Manure and Selected Dolomitic Sources on an Acidic High Altitude Burundi Surface Soil
Authors: Salvator KABONEKA , Dieudonné NDAYISHIMIYE , Anaclet NIBASUMBA , Syldie BIZIMANA
Published: July 2024

A research initiative was set up to evaluate the comparative liming power of locally available dolomitic products and chicken manure, using an amaranth (Amaranthus viridis L.) test crop. The soil used was acidic, of low % base saturation and risks of Al toxicity, deficient in available P, exchangeable Mg, Ca and K. The experimental setup was a completely randomized design with 11 treatments and 3 replicates which included: a control treatment (equivalent to 100 kg DAP/ha), 4 mineral amendments (Moso Lime, Moso Ground Dolomite, Bubanza Ground Dolomite and Busiga Ground Dolomite) applied at equivalents of 1 T/ha and 2 T/ha, and chicken manure applied at equivalent of 10 and 20 T/ha. The study duration was three months withthree test crop harvests at one-month interval. Monthly measured plant growth and production parameters were plant height, root length, shoot length, root biomass, shoot biomass and their summation (total biomass). Soil pH, available P and exchangeable acidity (Al3++ H+) were assessed at the start and the completion of the pot study. Obtained results could be summarized as follows: (i) the highest available P accumulation was associated with the equivalent of 20 T/ha of chicken manure; (ii) application of equivalents 20 T/ha of chicken manure, 2 T/ha Moso Ground Dolomite and 2 T/ha Moso Lime increased soil pH by 0.2 to 0.5 pH-unitsand reduced exchangeable acdity ; (ii) DAP fertilized treatment was characterised by the lowest pH value and the highest Al3+and H+exchangeable acidity, illustrating the acidifying effect of this NH4+-bearing fertilizer; (iv) amarant growth (root and height) and biomass (root + shoot) production were highest with 20 T/ha chicken manure, 2 T/ha Moso Ground Dolomite and 2 T/haMoso lime. Application rate was only statisticallt detectable for Moso Ground Dolomite (+ 162 %) and chicken manure (+ 182 %). Overall, 20 T/ha chicken manure showed the highest and most stable amaranth root + shoot biomass yields, demonstrating its potential residual effect, which should be evaluated and confirmed under field conditions.
Appraising the Effect of Biocharin Groundnuts(Arachis hypogaea L) Growth Parameters and Yield Under Screen House Conditions
Authors: J. Ibrahim Joshua , Mbega Ernest , Mkindi Angela , Mushongi Arnold , L. Nzilano Billes
Published: July 2024

Biochar soil amendment is known to suppress the effect of pathogenic fungi and favour plant resistance against soil‐borne pathogen effects. Thisstudy appraises the impact of biochar on groundnutyield planted in the slightly acidic sandy loam soil.Thestudy was done at the Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology (NM-AIST) screen house, where groundnuts wereplanted in the 2L pots filled with soil mixed with biochar at different rates (2.5%, 5% and 7.5%)in April 2022. Groundnut’sgrowth parameters weremanaged by measuring shoot lengthand root length, counting the number of leaves and taking leaf area once every week from the second week after planting to harvesting,where its yield was also measured. Analysis of variance showed a significant (P < 0.05) increase in groundnut growth parameters and yield when 5% Biochar was used. There was a strong positive correlation between biochar and some groundnut growth parameters. No significant (P < 0.05) differencewas observed between Biochar and groundnut growth parameters and yield when 2.5% biochar was used. A slightly weak negative correlation was observed when a 7.5% Biocharrate was used. Biochar-amended soils indicated a dramatic increase in soil pH, CEC, Mn, P, K, Ca, B, Zn and Si. The current study indicates that the utilization of 5% maize cob biochar, pyrolyzed at 500°C, in acidic sandy loam soil,can lead to maximum enhancement in soil physical and chemical properties, as well as groundnut growth and yield parameters.
Feasibility of targeting the cingulate gyrus using high-intensity focused ultrasound on a cadaveric specimen: illustrative case
Authors: Sammartino Francesco , Mossner James , Stecko Hunter , Reddy Nihaal , Dalm Brian
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND

Cancer is commonly associated with pain. For patients with advanced cancer and intractable pain, ablative neurosurgical procedures can significantly improve pain and transition patients out of inpatient settings. These procedures are normally invasive, and this poses an important risk in this population. Cingulotomy has been reported to improve pain perception and contribute substantially to the quality of life of cancer patients with refractory pain.

OBSERVATIONS

One fresh human cadaver specimen was used for the setup. The cingulate gyrus was targeted using intraoperative magnetic resonance images, and osseous aberrations were corrected after coregistration with the preoperative head computed tomography.

After accounting for sinuses, membrane folds, and calcifications, a total of 737 elements were available for thermal ultrasound ablation. On high-power sonications, the total energy delivered reached a peak temperature of 57°C (15,050 J, 350 W, 45 seconds) in the right cingulate and 52°C (13,000 J, 405 W, 46 seconds) in the left cingulate.

LESSONS

Despite the limitations of using a cadaver model (temperature, vascularization), cingulotomy appears to be feasible using high-intensity focused ultrasound.

https://thejns.org/doi/10.3171/CASE2459
Use of AI in Pediatric Occupational Therapy: A Review
Authors: Sharma Nirvi
Published: July 2024

The utilization of artificial intelligence (AI) in pediatric occupational therapy (OT) has emerged as a promising avenue for enhancing assessment, intervention, and outcomes for children with diverse developmental needs. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the current state of AI applications in pediatric OT, highlighting key findings, benefits, challenges, and future directions. AI technologies, including machine learning algorithms, computer vision systems, and wearable sensors, offer innovative approaches to assess children’s motor skills, sensory responses, and cognitive functions objectively and efficiently. AI-driven intervention strategies, such as personalized treatment planning, adaptive task selection, virtual reality environments, and gamified activities, promote engagement, motivation, and skill acquisition among pediatric patients. Additionally, AI-powered telehealth platforms enable remote delivery of OT services, real-time monitoring of patient progress, and access to care for underserved populations. However, challenges related to data privacy, ethical decision-making, disparities in access, and therapist education must be addressed to ensure the ethical, effective, and equitable integration of AI into pediatric OT practice. By embracing ongoing research, collaboration, and innovation, pediatric OT practitioners can harness the transformative potential of AI to improve outcomes and quality of life for children and families worldwide.
Does Ageing Have an Impact on Color Preferences
Authors: Bosančić Željko , Žeželj Teo , Matijević Mile
Published: July 2024

Attracting and retaining the attention of users, or motivating them to use the particular product being the main task of designers in graphic design for all materials, from printed to digital media. It is crucial to select colors that are more appealing to the target audience. The aim of this paper is to explore the differences in color preferences depending on age groups in a nationally representative sample of the Republic of Croatia consisting of 1,000 research participants. For this purpose, a questionnaire was created to collect information on the color preferences of participants, and as a result of this research, it was determined that there are statistically significant differences in the preferences for certain colors depending on the age groups of the participants. It has also been shown that there are both increasing and stable or decreasing trends in color preferences depending on age groups.
Research Model of the Degree of Technological Humanism in Manufacturing Companies in the Transformation towards Industry 5.0
Authors: Vukelić Željko , Cajner Hrvoje , Barić Gordana
Published: July 2024

Adopting the concept of Industry 4.0 enables manufacturing companies to gain advantages from digital production management, though issues have been identified related to human resources, management and organisation. Problem areas concern workplace ergonomics to the general wellbeing and satisfaction of workers, and social responsibility. Industry 5.0 promotes progress based on human-machine collaboration and sustainable, human-centred value creation. The research model of the degree of technological humanism, which aims to ensure that technological progress improves human wellbeing in manufacturing companies in the transformation towards Industry 5.0, is a demanding area that has not been sufficiently researched or unambiguously defined so far. The presented model can facilitate the digital transition of manufacturing companies towards Industry 5.0, as it contains the components necessary for the transformation of organisational processes, thereby enhancing and accelerating the implementation of smart manufacturing.
Multicriteria Optimisation of Machining Operations Using a Spreadsheet Model
Authors: Buchmeister Borut , Palčič Iztok , Ojsteršek Robert , Kovič Klemen , Javernik Aljaž
Published: July 2024

The rapid development of new materials and tools demonstrates the need for efficient and feasible machining processes. Modern production systems must guarantee sustainable, flexible, productive and high-quality production at low cost. Therefore, the combination of technological data with advanced software solutions is very important, especially when using complex CNC machining systems, where the reliability of the technological information is crucial, as simple measures can make a very positive contribution to the productivity achieved. When optimising the machining parameters, costs and machining time must be taken into account. The article deals with the optimisation of the turning process with a large number of influencing variables (machine, workpiece material, tool, cutting parameters, costs, etc.) and two objectives: the fastest possible machining (minimisation of machining time) and the lowest possible machining costs. The model is designed in an Excel spreadsheet and the multi-criteria optimisation is carried out using the approximation method. Step by step, we can find the optimal processing regime for each selected case.
Addressing Circularity Strategies by Reconfiguring Smart Products during Their Lifecycle
Authors: Juresa Yannick , Mollahassani Damun , Goebel Jens C.
Published: July 2024

Considering circularity aspects during the engineering of smart products implies a significantly increased complexity of engineering processes. Especially technical reconfiguration of smart products, offered as services in availability-oriented business models, enables the integration of circular economy aspects in sustainable products and lifecycles, through realizing several aspects of the 9R strategies. This paper introduces an analysis of interdependencies between 9R strategies potential reconfiguration options, technical characteristics of smart products, different maturity levels of smart product and abilities for circularity. Partial engineering models managed in different product lifecycle management systems provide a technical basis for systematization and evaluation of circular abilities of reconfigurable smart products in different lifecycle phases. The approach aims to improve circularity-related decision making in systems engineering processes in the early development phases and during the reconfiguration of smart products during utilization phase. An industrial use case considering a microelectronic-centered smart product used in e-mobility solutions validates the approach.
El panorama sociolingüístico actual en Senegal: interacciones y regulaciones desde la perspectiva ecolingüística
Authors: Seydi Oumar ,   Université Assane Seck de Ziguinchor/Senegal
Published: July 2024

Este artículo se centra en el análisis del panorama ecolingüístico senegalés para explicar las interacciones y sus mecanismos de regulación y de pacificación sociolingüística. En efecto, Senegal, por ser uno de los países donde coexisten varias lenguas nacionales y extranjeras, se caracteriza por un multilingüismo complejo. Esta pluralidad se ha convertido en una riqueza sociocultural compartida por individuos de orígenes étnicos diversos, a los que se une la lengua colonial, el francés, que ostenta todavía el estatus de única lengua oficial. En las últimas décadas, los movimientos migratorios dentro y fuera de sus fronteras, y el contexto de la globalización, han propiciado importantes cambios sociolingüísticos, como la wolofización, la emergencia de las lenguas minoritarias y de otras lenguas como nuevos actores en el panorama sociolingüístico y cultural.
Perbedaan Indeks Prestasi Komulatif (IPK) Mahasiswa FKIP UM Parepare Berdasarkan Tempat Tinggal
Authors: St Fadillah
Published: July 2024

This study aims to determine the difference in the Cumulative Achievement Index (GPA) of FKIP UM Parepare students based on where they live, while this type of research is a quantitative study using the Ex Post Facto approach. The population of this study were all students of FKIP UM Parepare. The sample in this study amounted to 46 respondents by using a sampling technique is purposive sampling. The research data was obtained using research instruments in the form of a student residence questionnaire to determine the student's residence and documentation to find out the data on the GPA of FKIP UM Parepare Students. The data analysis technique used is descriptive statistical analysis and inferential statistical analysis. The results of the descriptive analysis of the GPA of FKIP UM Parepare students based on where they live are 46 respondents, namely for students who live at their parents' house as many as 12 respondents with an average GPA of 3.68, for students who live In boarding houses there were 23 respondents with an average GPA of 3.62 and for students living in family homes there were 11 respondents with an average Grade Point Average GPA of 3.64. The results of the inferential analysis based on the ANOVA test showed that there was no difference in the GPA of FKIP UM Parepare students based on place of residence. The results of the analysis show that the significant value in the ANOVA test is 0.656 > (
Analisis Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Matematis Ditinjau Dari Kemandirian Belajar Siswa
Authors: Marwati
Published: July 2024

The aim of this research was to analyse student’s mathematical problem solving abilities in terms of independent learning in rectangular material, specially squares and rectangles. This research is a qualitative descriptive study using a mixed method approach with data collection techniques using triangulation techniques. The data analyse technique was carried out through several stages, namely descriptive statistical analysis, data reduction stage, data presentation stage, and data verification.
The subjects of this study were students of class VIII.2 UPTD SMP Negeri 4 Parepare. The test sheets were given directly to 22 students as subjects. Subjects will be selected as many as 3 students based on the results of the analysis of the answer sheets which are indicated to have problem solving abilities. The results of this study indicate that the ability to solve mathematical problems in class VIII.2 UPTD SMP Negeri 4 Parepare based on the independent learning indicator is in the medium category with a percentage of 59.66% with the first indicator, namely the ability to understand problems is in the medium category with a percentage of 52.53 %. The second indicator, namely the ability to determine a settlement plan, is in the very high category with a percentage of 96.21%. The third indicator, namely the ability to carry out the settlement plan, is in the high category with a percentage of 74.75%. The fourth indicator, namely the ability to check again, is in the very low category with a percentage of 15.15%.
Pengaruh Kemampuan Numerasi Terhadap Hasil Belajar Matematika Siswa UPTD SMPN 22 Barru
Authors: Heriyanti  , Mustafa Sriyanti , Sari Vernita
Published: July 2024

This type of research is a mixed method research. Aims to determine the effect of numeracy skills on the mathematics learning outcomes of class VIII UPTD SMPN 22 Barru. The population of this study were students of class VIII consisting of 5 classes. The sample in this study was class VIII.1, totaling 25 people, using cluster random sampling. This research data was obtained using research instruments in the form of test sheets and interviews. Data collection techniques used are test techniques and interview techniques. The results of the statistical descriptive analysis showed that the numeracy skills of class VIII UPTD SMPN 22 Barru based on indicators of numeracy ability were in the good category with a percentage of 70.2% with the first indicator, namely using various numbers or symbols related to basic mathematics in the good category with a percentage of 72 % as many as 18 students. The second indicator, namely analyzing information presented in various forms (tables, diagrams, etc.) is in the sufficient category with a percentage of 60% for 15 students. The third indicator, namely interpreting the results of the analysis to predict and make decisions, is in the good category with a percentage of 78.6% for 20 students. The results of inferential statistical analysis using the one sample t-test obtained a significant value of p = 0.000 < α = 0.05, this means that H0 is rejected and H1 is accepted. So, it can be concluded that numeracy skills have a positive effect on the mathematics learning outcomes of class VIII UPTD SMPN 22 Barru.
Praktik Jual Beli Pada Marketplace Shopee Dan Perlindungan Hukum Bagi Konsumen
Authors: Fatarib Husnul , Hayati Suci
Published: July 2024

The practice of buying and selling in the modern era has developed so rapidly. Buying and selling which has long been done face to face. Customers simply search for the desired item on the available marketplace application, then make transactions for the desired item. As is well known, the market place is a market for all kinds of goods that can be traded. Among the many marketplace applications, one of which is Shopee in this application also provides direct buying and selling and cash payments by transfer, then there is also a sale and purchase where the payment is made when the goods are received by the buyer / paid on the spot (COD), even buying and selling is available. which is done on credit. Of the many existing transactions, transaction failures are not uncommon. This means that sometimes there are items that are not in accordance with what the buyer wants. So it becomes necessary for Shopee marketplace application developers to pay more attention to legal protection for consumers who use the Shopee application.
Maqaṣid Al-Syari’ah: Teori Dan Aplikasi Dalam Istinbaṭh Hukum Islam
Authors: Nurjannah Siti
Published: July 2024

In the era of digitalization of science and modern information-communication technology, the tradition of legal thought (at-turas) among Islamic legal methodological thinkers (uṣuliyyin) is increasingly developing in the context of extracting law (istinbaṭ al-ahkam). However, the thinking of legal methodology itself is considered by them to have a crisis of methodology in addition to a crisis of paradigm. Meanwhile, various contemporary legal cases (al-waqi'iyyah al-mu'asirah) continue to emerge that demand statutory legal certainty. Even the substance of the methodology of Islamic law (uṣul al-fiqh) is considered by a minority, many of which are no longer relevant to the needs of this modern era. Therefore, as a problem solving to overcome this methodological crisis, the alternative is to rely on maqaṣid asy-syari'ah, both as a doctrine and as a method of ijtihad. Because in its application it is not only based on religious texts (al-Qur'ān and sunnah), but searches and excavations behind the text in an effort to determine and determine legal certainty in every case that occurs. Such application and implementation has been, is being and continues to be developed by contemporary Islamic legal methodological thinkers.
Pemutusan Hubungan Kerja Bagi Karyawan Di Masa Pandemi Covid-19 Ditinjau Dari Perspektif Hukum Ekonomi Syariah
Authors: Nashrullah Faiz
Published: July 2024

In the article, the focus of the discussion is on employee terminations that occur during a pandemic, and the things that companies must fulfill when terminating employment, in terms of Sharia Economic Law. The Covid-19 pandemic that hit caused the government to issue a policy to limit the movement of people by implementing a lockdown and/or PSBB policy. The program caused a stagnation of the wheels of the community's economy. Entrepreneurs suffer losses due to unstable economic conditions, and people's purchasing power has decreased drastically. Thus, to avoid greater losses, many companies cut production costs by terminating their employees. From the results of the study, it is known that termination of employment during the pandemic is included in the ijarah category which is in the company's department, which acts as musta'jir (tenant). In ijarah, musta'jir is allowed to terminate the employment relationship with strong reasons, for example, because of the threat of bankruptcy. The things that must be fulfilled by the company such as severance pay and long service awards are adjusted to the applicable law. If there is still a dispute, then the parties can use the islah agreement to find a middle way. So it can be concluded that termination of employment during a pandemic is something that is allowed according to sharia economic law, provided that the company's obligations to employees affected by the termination must be carried out, and if no agreement is reached between the company and employees regarding their respective rights and obligations. each party, then the parties can choose the islah method to find the best solution.
Lisensi Kreativitas Bersama (Creative Commons License) Dalam Perspektif Hukum Indonesia
Authors: Hakim Dani Amran
Published: July 2024

The Creative Commons License is the breakthrough that non-profit organizations are making for the internet. Creative Commons has 4 (four) main conditions offered to creators for their copyrighted works, namely Attribution, Non-Comercial, No Derivatives, Share Alike. CCL is a response to the rapid development of internet technology. Various information that is accessed by the public through the internet, not a few of them are intellectual works that are protected by copyright. In the context of today's digital technology, it is very difficult to control activities such as copy-cut-paste (copying-cut-pasting), editing (editing), or sharing of documents (file sharing), which are contradictory to copyright law. So to overcome this, innovation and breakthroughs are needed that allow sharing and using creativity and knowledge without conflicting with legal provisions. The innovation is the Joint Creativity License. Through this license, a person is given the convenience to allow others to reproduce their copyrighted works, provided that their names are still listed. Creative commons is not an alternative to copyright law, but a partner to applicable copyright law.
An Examination of Maqashid al-Shari'ah between Textual and Contextual Reasoning (Descriptive Analysis Study)
Authors: Sahidin Amir , Kamaluddin Imam
Published: July 2024

This article starts from misunderstanding of some Muslims in reasoning maqashid al-syari'ah. Some of them argue that maqashid al-syari'ah is only what appears of the text to nash, so they reason the nash textually. As a result, Islamic law becomes rigid and it is easy to blame you. Some of them reasoned too much about maqashid al-syari'ah, thus canceling the text of the nash. As a result, he was brave enough to deconstruct a permanent Islamic law. Therefore, this article will examine maqashid al-syari'ah with a fair and moderate study (wasathiyah) that is not as extreme as textual or contextual reasoning. Through a library research study with a descriptive analysis approach, it was found that wasathiyah reasoning in maqashid al-syari'ah reasoning is to distinguish between worship and muamalat matters in terms of the intentions behind them; seek maqashid al-shari'ah before determining the law; and has the principle that the shari'a which is built on the qath'i argument will not conflict with benefit and common sense.
MORPHOLOGICAL JUSTIFICATION OF RETROMUSCULAR ALLOPLASTY IN DIASTASIS OF RECTUS ABDOMINAL MUSCLES
Authors: Diadyk O.O. , Koval O.M.
Published: July 2024

Background. Diastasis of the rectus abdominis muscles weakens the white line and contributes to the occurrence of defects with the formation of white line hernias and umbilical hernias. In our opinion, the study of the morphological features of the anterior and posterior aponeurotic walls of the rectus abdominis will make it possible to justify alloplasty, which will increase the effectiveness of surgical treatment of diastasis of the rectus abdominis.
Aim: Justification of retromuscular alloplasty of diastasis recti abdominis by studying the morphological features of the anterior and posterior aponeurotic walls of the sheath of the rectus muscle
Materials and methods. A comprehensive pathomorphological study of the anterior and posterior aponeurotic walls of the rectus abdominis muscles was conducted in 34 patients (the main group) with diastasis recti who underwent surgical treatment. The comparison group consisted of 32 patients with gallstone disease without diastasis recti who underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy. The obtained material was examined using histological, histochemical, immunohistochemical, morphometric, statistic methods.
Results. In a comparative analysis of the morphological indicators of the front sheet of the sheath of the rectus abdominis muscle with the corresponding indicators of the back sheet in the main group of patients with diastasis of the rectus abdominis, the specific volume of the vascular-fibrous component was more important, the specific volume of adipose tissue and the specific volume the volume of the cavities was less important. The obtained pathomorphological data emphasizes that the front sheet of the sheath of the rectus abdominis muscle in diastasis is mechanically stronger compared to the back sheet. The posterior aponeurotic sheet of the vagina of the rectus muscle in case of diastasis is more prone to ruptures, which is evidenced by the greater value of the specific volume of the cavities in the posterior sheet.
Conclusions. Morphological changes of the aponeurotic leaves of the sheath of the rectus abdominis in patients of the main group with diastasis of the rectus muscles in comparison with the comparison group without diastasis differ significantly in the detected changes, the results of the morphological study of the anterior and posterior aponeurotic walls of the rectus muscle in their diastasis indicate the fact that the back walls are thinner, branched , with a decrease in the vascular-fibrous component compared to the front ones, which justifies the strengthening of the back aponeurotic walls by means of retromuscular alloplasty during the surgical treatment of diastasis.