bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Degenerate boundary conditions on a geometric graph
Authors: Sadovnichy V. A. , Sultanaev Ya. T. , Akhtyamov A. M.
Published: May 2019

The boundary conditions of the Sturm-Liouville problem defined on a star-shaped geometric graph of three edges are studied. It is shown that if the lengths of the edges are different, then the Sturm-Liouville problem does not have degenerate boundary conditions. If the lengths of the edges and the potentials are the same, then the characteristic determinant of the Sturm-Liouville problem can not be equal to a constant different from zero. But the set of Sturm-Liouville problems for which the characteristic determinant is identically equal to zero is an infinite (continuum). In this way, in contrast to the Sturm-Liouville problem defined on an interval, the set of boundary-value problems on a star-shaped graph whose spectrum completely fills the entire plane is much richer. In the particular case when the minor A124 for matrix of coefficients is nonzero, it does not consist of two problems, as in the case of the Sturm-Liouville problem given on an interval, but of 18 classes, each containing two to four arbitrary constants.
Temperature measurements of optically cooled calcium atoms using differential two-photon spectroscopy
Authors: Bobrov A. A. , Vilshanskaya E. V. , Arshinova I. D. , Saakyan S. A. , Sautenkov V. A. , Zelener B. V. , Fortov V. E.
Published: May 2019

A differential two-photon method of measuring the temperature of 40Ca atoms in a continuously operating magneto-optical trap is demonstrated. Coherent two-photon resonances at the 4s2 1S0-50 1S0 Rydberg transition have been investigated experimentally using resonance laser beams propagating at different angles. The tempera­ture of the cloud of 40Ca atoms was measured depending on the frequency detuning of the cooling laser radiation.
On rolling friction
Authors: Ivanov A. P.
Published: May 2019

The dependence of rolling friction on velocity for various contact conditions is discussed. The principal difference between rolling and other types of relative motion (sliding and spinning) is that the points of the body in contact with the support change over time. Due to deformations, there is a small contact area and, entering into contact, the body points have a normal velocity proportional to the diameter of this area. For describing the dependence of the friction coefficient on the angular velocity in the case of “pure” rolling, a linear dependence is proposed that admits a logical explanation and experimental verification. Under the combined motion, the rolling friction retains its properties, the sliding and spinning friction acquiring the properties of viscous friction.
Water soluble metal-polymeric complexes of gallium and triple co-polymer of N-vinylpyrrolidone with N-vinylformamide and N-vinylminodiacetic acid
Authors: Gorshkov N. I. , Murko A. Yu. , Gavrilova I. I. , Malakhova I. I. , Krasikov V. D. , Panarin E. F.
Published: May 2019

A terpolymer with a molecular weight of 45 kDa containing 7 mol.% of vinylamine units, 80 mol.% of vinylpyrrolidone, and 3 mol.% of vinyliminodiacetic acid units has been synthesized. Its complexation with Ga3+ ion has been studied by HPLC. The resulting metal–polymer complex has been characterized by exclusion chromatography and spectral (IR, 1H NMR) data. The complex has a monomolecular structure where the metal ion acts as an anchor fragment between vinyliminodiacetic acid units and is stable in the reaction of interligand exchange with histidine.
238U/235U isotopic ratio as redox conditions marker in ediacarian paleobasin: section in Chaya river, Baikal-Patom highland, south of middle Siberia
Authors: Chugaev A. V. , Chernyshev I. V. , Pokrovsky B. G. , Mandzhieva G. V. , Gareev B. I. , Sadasyuk A. S. , Batalin G. A.
Published: May 2019

This article is devoted to a study of variations in the U isotopic composition (238U/235U) in the section of clas- tic-carbonate Ediacaran sediments exposed along the Chaya River in the southern part of Central Siberia (Russia). Measurements of 238U/235U in the rocks were performed using a high-precision (±0.07%o, 2SD) MC-ICP- MS with a 233U-236U double isotope spike. The total variation range of S238U in the studied carbonate rocks was -0.91 to -0.01%. Extremely low values of S238U (-0.91%, -0.9%, and -0.84%), which were found in a number of samples from the lower part of the section, are interpreted as the result of postsedimentation processes affecting the rocks. In the overlying sediments, the range of S238U variations is smaller from -0.49 to -0.01%. Here, regular “weighting” of the U isotopic composition observed upwards through the section indicates an increase in the reduction conditions at this time (about 550 Ma) in the paleobasin. This conclusion is consistent with the elevated concentrations of U, Mo, and V in the Late Ediacaran sedimentary rocks of the region studied.
Taurida cave, a new locality of the early pleistocene vertebrates in Crimea
Authors: Lopatin A. V. , Vislobokova I. A. , Lavrov A. V. , Startsev D. B. , Gimranov D. O. , Zelenkov N. V. , Maschenko E. N. , Sotnikova M. V. , Tarasenko K. K. , Titov V. V.
Published: May 2019

A study of the association of vertebrates from the Pleistocene deposits of the Taurida karst cave discovered in 2018 in the central Crimea (Belogorsky district, Zuya village) showed its correlation with the Late Villafranchian faunas of the Eastern Mediterranean and an approximate age of 1.8–1.5 Ma.
The Russian Academy of Sciences and its responsibility to promote science
Authors: Zaikina G. A.
Published: May 2019

The meeting of the Presidium of the Russian Academy of Sciences held on September 18, 2018, discussed the tasks of the Russian Academy of Sciences toward promoting science. On this issue, the keynote address was made by RAS Vice President Academician A.R. Khokhlov, who highlighted the aims of such activities, measures being implemented, and cited several examples from the practice of educational work. This study focuses on the possibility of including activities to promote scientific knowledge in the government task of the Russian Academy of Sciences. In addition, the speaker discussed the role of the RAS Commission on contesting pseudoscience and falsification of scientific research in diffusion of purely scientific ideas and popularization of the scientific perspective globally, proposing to create two separate commissions based on the existing one. A.R. Khokhlov emphasizes developing a program by the Russian Academy of Sciences to popularize science. Finally, this report presents an earnest dialog that took place on this topic. Here, readers are offered the presentation of the report and its discussion materials.
“As long as we are alive, we must keep our heads and… live”. Letters of soviet geneticists to F.G. Dobrzhansky
Authors: Konashev M. B.
Published: May 2019

This study presents a small part of the epistolary heritage of an outstanding biologist, geneticist, and evolutionist, F.G. Dobrzhansky, which is of interest for not only geneticists but also anyone interested in the history of our country. In the correspondence of Feodosiy Grigorievich with B.L. Astaurov, D.K. Belyaev, R.L. Berg, N.N. Vorontsov, G.F. Gauze, B.M. Zavadovsky, N.P. Dubinin, G.D. Karpechenko, Yu.Ya. Kerkis, G.A. Levitsky, Zh.A. Medvedev, N.N. Medvedev, N.I. Vavilov, S.Ya. Paramonov, M.N. Rimsky-Korsakov, A.S Serebrovsky, V.N. Soifer, Yu. A. Filipchenko, I.I. Shmalgauzen, A.V. Yablokov, and other scientists, significant events have been discussed, which took place in Russian and foreign academic and university science of the 1960s and 1970s, as well as the fate of Russian immigrants in the United States.
The mineral wealth of the Pacific Ore Belt
Authors: Volkov A. V. , Sidorov A. A.
Published: May 2019

Positive dynamics of world prices and the revival of exploration financing promote continued large investments in the construction of new mines to increase the production of minerals in the Pacific Ore Belt (POB). Several large deposits have been discovered, explored, and prepared for development in the countries of this region, thus attracting increased attention from mining companies. The total potential of mineral extraction in the POB, including in the East of Russia, could increase by 1.5–2 times over the coming years.
Can we speak of a new social formation in China?
Authors: Vinogradov A. V. , Salitskii A. I.
Published: May 2019

The authors commemorate and analyze the mileage of 40 years of reforms in China, focusing particular attention on recent events: the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China (CPC) and the 1st Session of the 13th National People’s Congress. Following our discussion of these events, the authors conclude that China has entered a new phase of development. A new original social system is now under construction, and Chinese specifics have gained integrity as an independent project of social development that serves as an alternative to the Western mode.
Chain initiation
Authors: Ptushenko V. V.
Published: May 2019

This article describes the formation of the chemical electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy institute established by Academician Vladislav V. Voevodsky (1917–1967) along with the history of the development of the instrumentation basis for this field of science in the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR). The design of the first EPR spectrometers for the chemical radio spectroscopy initiated the emergence of a new scientific instrumentation field in this country. Based on recollections shared by scientists and engineers and an examination of archive materials, the author reconstructs relevant events and identifies major participants in this process.
Solzhenitsyn’s heritage as a cultural phenomenon and an object of scholarly study
Authors: Polonsky V. V.
Published: May 2019

The article is devoted to the peculiarities of Solzhenitsyn’s creative self-determination in the context of 20th century culture. The author dwells on the writer’s artistic connections and interactions with Russian and world classics, modernist poetics, and the socialist realist canon. Special attention is paid to the evolution of the mystery-epic principle in his prose. In the final part of the article the current state of scholarly and academic studies of Solzhenitsyn’s heritage are considered. The article is based on V. V. Polonsky’s report at the meeting of the Presidium of RAS on December 13, 2018.
Demographic implications of social deviations of Russian youth
Authors: Ryazantsev S. V. , Semenova V. G. , Ivanova A. E. , Sabgayda T. P. , Evdokushkina G. N.
Published: May 2019

The article provides an assessment of the demographic losses among Russian youth due to social deviations – suicides, murders, alcohol and drug poisoning compared with the countries of the “old” (before May 2004) and the “new” (after May 2004) European Union. It has been shown that in Russia and in Europe over the past 30 years, the contribution of losses due to deviant behavior to the total mortality of young people has increased, but in Russia this undoubtedly preventable factor has been of special significance. Currently, this factor causes more than a third of the total mortality of young men in our country and almost a quarter of their contemporaries. The evolution of the structure of losses caused by social deviations testifies to multidirectional processes in Russia and Europe. If both in the "old" and in the "new" European Union the importance of suicides increases, in Russia there is damage with uncertain intentions. In essence, due to this vague diagnosis, underreporting of deaths from alcohol and drug poisoning, suicides and murders is masked – in general, from one third to 100% of cases. This means that the death rate from social deviations in Russia compared to the EU is even more than official statistics show.
The founder of the historical science of the Russian language. The 200th anniversary of academician F.I. Buslayev
Authors: Nikitin O. V.
Published: May 2019

The article presents an analytical review of the biography and scientific activity of F.I. Buslaev (1818–1897), an outstanding Russian philologist and academician of the Imperial Academy of Sciences. Special attention is paid to his innovation in his studies of monuments of folk literature, and teaching the history of the Russian language. F.I. Buslaev was one of the originators of modern comparative studies, lingua-cultural analysis, and influenced the development of science during the XX–XXI centuries. This article releases new archive documents revealing F.I. Buslaev’s laboratory of creative thought, and describing his formation as a scientist. Interesting little-known biographical facts are also presented. F.I. Buslaev’s personality is considered in the context of the social and historical events of his time.
Countering technology-related, biogenic, social, and cultural threats, terrorism and ideological extremism, as well as cyber threats and other sources of hazard to society, economy and the state. Speech of the deputy minister of health of the Russian Federation S.A. Kraevoy
Authors: Kraevoy S. A.
Published: May 2019

Speech of the deputy minister of health of the Russian Federation S.A. Kraevoy
Russian oceanology and prospects of development of bioresources of the world ocean
Authors: Matishov G. G. , Matishov K. D. , Kirillova E. A.
Published: May 2019

The author analyzes the current problems of providing research conducted by Russian scientists and oceanographers. Along with the retrospective, the prospects for the development of biological resources of world oceans are outlined. It is noted that it will be difficult to solve a wide range of problems associated with the presence of Russia in the world oceans, as well as food security of the country, without a modern marine scientific and fishing fleet.
Speech of the RAS corresponding member V.D. Kaminsky
Authors: Kaminsky N. S.
Published: May 2019

Speech of the RAS corresponding member V.D. Kaminsky
Highly productive, environmentally pure livestock and aquaculture with given indicators of product quality
Authors: Kalashnikov V. V.
Published: May 2019

The article reports the most important steps toward the development of domestic livestock and aquaculture, involving the production of environmentally-friendly products with desired qualities. Methods for increasing the rate of animal breeding and aquaculture with the latest technologies using modern intellectual systems are considered. The most important steps on the way to a system of normalized nutrition and animal productivity management are discussed. It is shown that the mobilization of the export resource of domestic livestock, the problem of the preservation of biological resources and long-term storage of reproductive material of wild animals. The issues of the relevance of the development of genomic technologies and the biologization of the means of protecting animals, poultry and aquaculture are reports.
High pressure metamorphism in the peridotitic cumulate of the Marun-Keu complex, Polar Urals
Authors: Liu Y. Y. , Perchuk A. L. , Ariskin A. A.
Published: May 2019

The Marun-Keu Complex of high-pressure rocks comprises granitoids, gneisses, schists, gabbroids and peridotites, which are unevenly and variably metamorphosed to the eclogite facies. A representative sample of garnet–amphibole lherzolite from the Mount Slyudyanaya area shows a cumulate texture and well preserved magmatic mafic minerals (olivine and pyroxenes) but practically no preserved plagioclase. The eclogite-facies metamorphism produced corona textures of newly formed minerals: amphibole, garnet, orthopyroxene and spinel. The metamorphic parameters of the garnet–amphibole lherzolite were estimated by geothermobarometry and by modeling phase equilibria at Р ~ 2.1 GPa and T ~ 640–740°C and are well consistent with our earlier estimate of the formation conditions of eclogites in the area. Computer simulation of the crystallization process of the gabbroic melt with the COMAGMAT program package, using literature data on the composition of the least altered plagioclase peridotites and gabbroids from the Marun-Keu Complex, shows that the mafic and ultramafic rocks are genetically interrelated: they crystallized in a single magmatic chamber. According to the modeling, the origin of the cumulate texture in the lherzolite was controlled by the peritectic reaction Ol + melt → Opx at a pressure of 0.7–0.8 GPa and a temperature of 1255–1268°C. Differences between thermodynamic parameters in the eclogites and garnet peridotites are discussed within the framework of a tectonic model for subduction and subsequent exhumation of the Baltica paleocontinent.
Geodynamic environments of the origin of poly- and monometamorphic complexes in the Southern Altai metamorphic belt, Central Asian orogenic belt
Authors: Kozakov I. K. , Kozlovsky A. M. , Yarmolyuk V. V. , Kirnozova T. I. , Fugzan M. M. , Oyunchimeg Ts , Erdenezhargal Ch.
Published: May 2019

Tectonic sheets of various size along the southern slope of the Mongolian and Chinese Altai ranges and in eastern Kazakhstan include high-grade metamorphic rocks, which are collectively referred to as the Southern Altai Metamorphic Belt. Rocks of the sheets show traces of amphibolite-facies elevated-pressure metamorphism of the kyanite–sillimanite type M2. Some of the tectonic sheets display evidence of polymetamorphism: the rocks preserve textures and mineral assemblages of an earlier metamorphic episode (of elevated temperature and relatively low pressure) of the andalusite–sillimanite facies series M1. The earlier metamorphic episode occurred at 390–385 Ma, and the later one, at ~370–356 Ma. The protoliths of the high-grade metamorphic rocks were mostly Early Paleozoic terrigenous rocks and subordinate amounts of volcanic rocks analogous to the weakly metamorphosed or unmetamorphosed rocks in their northern surroundings. Typical rocks of the tectonic sheets are mafic dikes and massifs of the Gashun Nuur Complex, which were emplaced between metamorphic episodes M1 and M2. According to their geochemistry and Nd isotopic parameters, most of the metabasites are similar to enriched basalts of mid-oceanic ridges and oceans plateaus. The quantitatively subordinate group of the layered mafic bodies displays geochemical characteristics of subduction-related rocks. Correlations between the metamorphic events and magmatism in the continental (Mongolian and Chinese Altai) and paleoceanic (Trans-Altai Gobi and eastern Junggar) regions led us to suggest a geodynamic model for the development of the Southern Altai Metamorphic Belt. The volcano-terrigenous rocks, which were later metamorphosed, were accumulated mostly in the Early Paleozoic as an accretion wedge on an active continental margin. The earlier episode of high-temperature metamorphic M1 and coeval large-scale calc–alkaline magmatism occurred at the same active continental margin after the magmatic front shifted southward (in modern coordinates). The emplacement of the swarms of mafic bodies of the Gashun Nuur Complex and simultaneous rifting in the southern Chinese Altai were triggered by the subduction of an spreading ridge of an oceanic or backarc basin beneath the active margin. The second metamorphic episode (elevated-pressure metamorphism) M2 and overthrusting in the structures of the Altai are correlated with deformations at low angles and the transition from oceanic to continental volcanism in the Trans-Altai Gobi and Junggar. These tectonic processes were induced by the accretion of a system of mid-Paleozoic ensimatic island arcs of the Trans-Altai Gobi and Junggar to the Altai margin of the Siberian paleocontinent.
Small shelly fossils in the cambrian basement of the West Siberian geosyneclise
Authors: Novozhilova N. V. , Korovnikov I. V.
Published: May 2019

This paper describes for the first time the entire Cambrian skeletal problematics from the parametric well Vostok-1 (Tomsk region, eastern part of the West Siberian Plate) found in the Lower Cambrian Churbiga Formation, Middle Cambrian Pudzhelga Formation, and Upper Cambrian Kondes and Shedelga formations. The investigation has made it possible to detail the biostratigraphic division of the Lower Cambrian in the studied well using the small shelly fossils and to reveal confinement of the main findings of problematic skeletal remains to the shallow carbonate shelf settings.
Lower Moscovian limestones of the Bogdashan Range (NW China) as an indicator of cessation of arc magmatism in the Junggar region
Authors: Alexeiev D. V. , Biske Yu. S. , Djenchuraeva A. V. , Wang B. , Kossovaya O. L. , Zhong L. L. , Savitsky Yu. V.
Published: May 2019

The field revision of the Carboniferous and Lower Permian stratigraphy of the northern Bogdashan (South Junggar, Northwest China) shows that the Lower to Middle Carboniferous island arc volcanic rocks, widely developed in this region, are overlapped everywhere by carbonate and terrigenous-carbonate sediments, containing occasional lava flows and overlain up the section by thick terrigenous series practically devoid of volcanic rocks. The deposition of limestone occurred at the stage of dying off of a volcanic arc, and the question of their age is of fundamental importance for dating this event. Carbonates are represented by facies of lagoons, shoals, and bioherms that formed on the leveled surface of the arc and on the slopes of the last active volcanoes. Bioherms are Waulsortian mounds and are mainly composed of algal limestones and carbonate mud. There are no framestones composed of corals and sponges (chaetetids) typical of the tropical zone. The facies of shallow crinoid-fusulinid limestones typical of the adjacent territories of the Southern Tien Shan and Tarim are poorly represented. Paleogeographically, the position of bioherms corresponds to the northern boundary of the realm of Pennsylvanian reefs. On the basis of foraminifers, brachiopods, and corals, the age of carbonates is early Moscovian (ca. 315–310 Ma). Cessation of island-arc volcanism, followed by the accumulation of limestone in Bogdashan, occurred sub-synchronously with formation of the West Junggar (Bayingou) suture and may reflect docking of the Bogdashan arc to the Yili active margin of the Kazakhstan continent. Further subsidence of Bogdashan and adjacent regions of the Junggar and Turfan basins, which was somewhat slower at the end of the Carboniferous and more intense in the Early and Middle Permian, may reflect the development of the foreland basin that formed along the northern flank of the Tien Shan orogen. Marine facies were locally preserved in this basin until the Artinskian (ca. 285 Ma), and later the Junggar and Turfan basins lost connection to the ocean and developed in continental environments.
G. P. Helmersen and the value of his geological researches for the Russian geography of the XIX century
Authors: Suhova N. G.
Published: May 2019

G. P. Helmersen (1803—1885), a mining engineer, professor and director of the Mining Institute, the first academician of the St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences in geology, had made a significant contribution to Russian geology. For many years he conducted geological researches in different parts of European Russia, the Urals and Altai. Helmersen paid much attention to the analysis of coal deposits in Donbas, in Moscow lignite basin and in the Urals. Contemporaries believed that his works were important not only for geology, but also for geography of the XIX century. The article attempts to confirm this opinion.
Plume of oil metabolites in groundwater: formation, evolution, and toxicity
Authors: Putilina V. S. , Galitskaya I. V. , Yuganova T. I.
Published: May 2019

The transformation of oil hydrocarbons in groundwater is mainly related to the processes of biodegradation. At sites where residual crude oil or petroleum hydrocarbon fuel contaminants are present in the environment, biodegradation reactions result in the formation of partial oxidation products, i.e., metabolites. These transformation products are more soluble than the parent petroleum hydrocarbons, due to their greater polarity and corresponding low volatility. Transformation products from residual source zones are distributed in aqueous phase to form a plume of contamination in groundwater. The content of metabolites depends on the redox conditions and the presence of the terminal electron acceptors, as well as on the structure of the original hydrocarbon compounds. The article considers the conditions for formation of metabolites, their degradation, migration to groundwater and plume formation, toxicity of metabolites. Examples of modeling the migration of metabolites in the saturated zone are given.
Mechanism specifics of the landslide-hazardous massif limit state formation and landslide block displacement
Authors: Postoev G. P.
Published: May 2019

In the landslide cycle of deep block movement development, the landslide process starts with the separation of the new landslide block from the bedrock massif, and it ends with the block displacement until the steady landslide head is formed in the hotbed (on the landslide slope). The initial stressed state in the bedrock massif with horizontal earth surface (before the landslide block forms) is controlled by the Mohr-Coulomb criterion. The landslide hotbed forming as well as the sliding basis appearing cause the change in the initial stress state and the formation of horizontally oriented dissipative blocks-structures. The principal stresses are concentrated on the boundary surfaces of these structures (which are of a circular cylindrical shape). The limit state forms along these boundary surfaces of the appropriate block in the local massif zone on the contact with the landslide hotbed. The displacement occurs along the same surfaces, provided the equilibrium is disturbed. In forming the limit state of the head scarp massif, the adjacent part of the landslide massif (within the boundaries of the earlier separated landslide block) acts as an additional load (creates an active vertical pressure from the landslide mass weight) to the horizon of the landslide basis. The bedrock massif interacts with the slope at the stage of preparing block displacement. The block limit state is achieved in case the head scarp height reaches its critical value (the slope edge is higher than the landslide head). Under the soil masses weight in the new landslide block, separated from the bedrock massif, as it subsides, the soil crushes in a lower part of the block, which has lost its balance, in the slide basis zone. The paper considers the conditions of the new landslide block formation, the beginning of block displacement process, the mechanism of interaction between blocks, the bedrock massif and the landslide body, which consists of earlier displaced landslide blocks. The paper also provides the rationale for the soil strength changes in the process of displacement and its significance in the landslide cycle completing, with comparing the results of theoretical and experimental studies.
Formation and structure of hypergenesis zone in the above-salt layer of the Verkhnekamskoe potassium salt deposit, Perm Krai, Russia
Authors: Mamaev Yu. A. , Yastrebov A. A.
Published: May 2019

The paper describes the formation conditions and factors, as well as the structure and properties of rocks at the unique geological object within the Verknekamskoe potassium salt deposit, i.e., more than 90-m-thick zone of hypergenesis in the above-salt massif of interbedding terrigenous, terrigenous-carbonate and halogen deposits of lower Permian age, which covers the salt horizon of 300-700 m thickness. The geological history of the area is described in brief, which controls its geological and geomorphological structural features. The natural conditions and rock-transforming factors operating for millions of years are discussed. The composition, state and properties of rock in the hypergenesis zone are characterized, including their changes with the depth. This is important for the assessment and prediction of karst development in the considered area, as well as surface deformations and collapses.
Towards а design of new generation digital seismic seabed seismographs – current state and future outlook
Authors: Il’inskiy D. A. , Ginzburg A. A. , Voronin V. V. , Ganzha O. Yu. , Manukin A. B. , Roginskiy K. A.
Published: May 2019

The paper presents the comparative characteristics of self-pop-up digital seabed seismometers that have been developed since the early 2000s. The requirements for the main technical characteristics that should be considered for developing the new-generation of self-pop-up seabed seismometers have been proposed. The microcontroller and reference frequency generator are the key parts for a seabed seismometer design. The paper provides the development results of these key components, which are essential for the seismometer performance (power consumption and functionality).

A draft proposal for seabed seismic exploration project in the Russian sector of the Black Sea solving the current actual geological problems is presented. Implementation of the project will contribute to determination of the crystalline basement depth within the Shatsky ridge and the Tuapse depression; detection of P and S wave velocities in the lower part of sedimentary cover and in the basement, and to the refinement of the Earth’s crust thickness. The extension of regional seabed seismic lines from the Turkish to the Russian sector of the Black Sea will give the scientists a clearer picture of the Earth’s crust structure over the whole east Black Sea basin. The results of seabed studies will verify and improve the results of the Black Sea 2011 towed-streamer survey (with 10 km streamer) on the sedimentary cover structure and the Earth’s crust.
A way to increase the effectiveness of vaccination against infectious abortion in the herd horse breeding
Authors: Neustroev M. P. , Tarabukina N. P. , Petrova S. G.
Published: May 2019

Studied the possibility of using Sakhabactisubtil probiotic based on strains of bacteria Bacillus subtilis c zeolite to enhance the immunogenicity of inactivated vaccines against equine rhinopneumonitis, and the Salmonella abortion horses herd keeping. At the end of the experience in the month of March experienced group of pregnant mares is considered in comparison with the control showed a higher content of representatives of the normal intestinal microflora – bifidobacteria and lactic acid bacteria, Enterococcus and spore-bearing aerobic bacteria. Vaccinated mares is adjusted disrupted gut microbiota, promotes the immunobiological responsiveness of the body. As a result, the effectiveness of inactivated vaccines is increased by 12.1%.
Justification of the choice of predecessors of rice at drip irrigation on light- chestnut soils of the privolzhian extraction
Authors: Kruzhilin I. P. , Doubenok N. N. , Ganiev M. A. , Melichov V. V. , Rodin K. A. , Bolotina A. G. , Nevezhina A. B.
Published: May 2019

The article presents an analysis of the research results of the All-Russian Research Institute of Irrigated Agriculture, obtained in 2014 - 2016. in conditions of the southern slope of the Volga Upland, allowed to enrich the studied problem with new knowledge confirming the possibility of cultivating rice on innovative water-saving technology in general-purpose irrigation systems, including a different set of crops as precursors in field and other crop rotations. To assess the preference for the choice of rice precursors, we selected a legume soybean culture, a row crop potatoes and a narrow-crop culture rice.Studies have shown that, for all predecessors, rice crops with a small time difference have completed the vegetation period and formed a yield close to the planned without negative impact on soil, phytosanitary condition, growth and development of rice. All this makes it possible to recommend them for inclusion in rice crop rotations on general-purpose irrigation systems, to be used as rice precursors with periodic irrigation in the following ranking order: soybean potatoes rice.
ATFpase the activity of red blood cells and muscle tissue of sheep
Authors: Fedorova E. Yu. , Maksimov V. I. , Smolenkova O. V.
Published: May 2019

The aim of the research was to establish the functioning of the ATPase enzyme systems of the blood and the longest back muscle of sheep of various breeds and ages. The object of the study was selected according to the principle of analogs of lambs and valukha of Texel and Kuibyshev breed, the feeding conditions and content of which corresponded to the current standards developed by the survival permit. It was established that the activity of Mg2 +, Na +, K + -, Mg2 + - and Na +, K + -ATPases in the membrane of erythrocytes of lambs is determined by age with a high degree of confidence (P 0.001), respectively, at 99.45; 99.41 and 98.46%; the activity of Mg2 +, Na +, K + -, Mg2 + - and Na +, K + -ATPases of the longest back muscle of the valuchs, respectively, by 81.09%; 85.16 and 83.21%. The correlation analysis carried out by the authors proved the effect on the ATPase activity of the erythrocyte membrane and the longest back muscle age; moreover, in the case of erythrocytes, the correlation is negative, in the case of muscle tissue, it is positive. No significant influence of animal species on the activity of Mg2 +, Na +, K + -, Mg2 + - and Na +, K + -ATPases of the erythrocyte membrane and sheep muscle was not found.
Physiological parameters of thrombocytes in piglets during phase of plant nutrition early ontogeny
Authors: Zavalishina S. Yu. , Tkacheva E. S.
Published: May 2019

A very important mechanism for maintaining homeostasis in the animal body is platelet hemostasis. The level of his activity very strongly determines the rheology of blood in the capillaries and due to this the state of metabolism in the tissues. There is reason to believe that the growth and development of piglets depends on the level of functional activity of platelets. For this reason, studies of the age-related dynamics of platelet activity in piglets at the end of early ontogenesis are of great importance. In the study, it was found that the piglets of plant nutrition showed an increase in the aggregation capacity of platelets (aggregation of their platelets was accelerated by ADP from 34.10.12 s to 27.60.12 s, with collagen from 24.70.08 s to 17.50.10 s, with thrombin from 36.50.08 s to 28.40.12 s). The main reason for this may be an intensification of the work of receptor and postreceptor mechanisms of platelets. This was characteristic of piglets during the phase of plant nutrition of early ontogenesis to the same extent with respect to strong and weak inducers of platelet aggregation. The increase in thromboxane synthesis in platelets (from 48.50.05% to 59.80.09%) was largely due to an increase in the activity of cyclooxygenase in them (from 78,40.06% to 89.80.12%) and thromboxane synthetase (from 69.20.07% to 81.50.07%) and activation of ADP secretion from them (from 46.00.13% to 56.90.15%). The increase in hemostatic activity of platelets in piglets during the phase of plant nutrition of early ontogeny should be considered an important regulator of their microcirculation and metabolism in tissues under existing conditions of existence.
“Análisis del nivel de profesionalización y su influencia en la cultura organizativa del sector empresarial del cantón Tulcán.”
Authors: Pérez Quiroz Roberth Patricio , Almeida Diego , Mera Willinton Gerardo
Published: May 2019

El  presente  trabajo   de  investigación  realiza   un  análisis   del  nivel  de profesionalización y su influencia en la cultura   organizativa del  sector empresarial de  la  ciudad  de  Tulcán,   se  hace  necesario realizarlo de manera  rigurosa  y técnica  con la finalidad  de determinar metodologías y  sistemas   que  traten  de  integrar   y  medir  posibles   generadores  de valor  en la cultura  organizativa en el sector  empresarial de la ciudad  de Tulcán. La  investigación a  realizarse tiene  diversos motivos   que  la  justifican. Primero  se   pretende realizar  una  aportación de  carácter  teórico,  que implica  evidencia empírica: ayudar  al esclarecimiento de un constructo complejo y dinámico como  lo es   el clima  y desarrollo organizacional. Esta  aportación consta  en  dos  puntos  de  impacto: El  conceptual, por medio  de la revisión  sistemática de las principales definiciones de dicha construcción.  El  operacional,  por  medio  de  inspeccionar  las dimensiones   que  han  sido  incluidas por  los  principales autores  para evaluar  el clima  y desarrollo organizacional. El clima  organizacional ha sido  uno  de  los  factores   más  importantes  para  el  desarrollo  de  una empresa o  una  institución en  todos  sus  ámbitos: productivo, administrativo, estructural y evolutivo. Resulta  un  elemento clave  para explicar  el comportamiento humano  en el trabajo. Finalmente se ha considerado pertinente evaluar  las definiciones operacionales  e  instrumentos  más  significativos  que  se  han desarrollado para diagnosticar la cultura  y desarrollo organizacional
Incidencia de la planificación estratégica en el posicionamiento de los centros comerciales de la ciudad de Tulcán
Authors: Quelal Tabango Analía Dolores
Published: May 2019

La  mayoría   de  los  habitantes  de  la  ciudad   de  Tulcán   se  dedican netamente al comercio, específicamente por  ser  zona  de  frontera  con Ipiales-Colombia y, oferta  un sinnúmero de productos y servicios a los clientes  tanto  nacionales como  extranjeros; para  ello  cuenta  con  seis centros  comerciales donde  se realizan  actividades de comercialización; sin  embargo,  los  administradores  de  estos   centros   comerciales  no poseen  una  planificación estratégica que  les  permita   tener  un  rumbo específico para el cumplimiento de los objetivos del negocio. En base al antecedente en mención, el proyecto se orientó  a desarrollar una    investigación   diagnóstica   que    defina    la    incidencia   de    la Planificación Estratégica sobre  el bajo  posicionamiento de  los  centros comerciales de la ciudad  de Tulcán;  y proponer un Plan Estratégico con la finalidad de mejorar  el posicionamiento. La metodología aplicada fue de modalidad cuali-cuantitativa, en donde, se analizó  las características tanto de la planificación como del posicionamiento;  estudiando  las   cualidades  del   entorno    y   de   las personas, además  de  la  recopilación de  la  información que posteriormente fue cuantificada con el análisis  e interpretación de resultados.Con  el  fin  de  conocer   los  efectos  de  la  investigación, se  tomó  como base  al centro  comercial Popular  por  poseer  una  variedad de  locales, contar  con  buena  infraestructura y tener  apoyo  de la Municipalidad de Tulcán;  aplicando las  herramientas: PEST  para  conocer  cada  uno  de los ámbitos  internos  y externos y definir  sus  fortalezas, oportunidades, debilidades y amenazas. PORTER para establecer la rivalidad entre competidores, el poder de negociación y, amenazas de nuevos competidores y productos sustitutos. Con el modelo  de Planeación Estratégica  se  logra   un  incremento  en  las  ventas,   competitividad  y mayor  participación en el mercado.Para  lograr  el posicionamiento  en el mercado, se hace  necesario que los administradores encuentren la manera  de ejecutar  adecuadamente sus   estrategias  y  planes,   que   les   permita   mantener  un   adecuado control,   y  evaluación  de  los  mismos,  la  clave   está   en  la  toma   de decisiones  apropiadas  para  saber   hacia   dónde   se  deben   dirigir   los esfuerzos de  la  organización, y bajo  que  costo;  todo  esto  no  es  fácil pero representa un reto que hay que tomarlo  para generar  el cambio.
La gestión del mix de marketing y el servicio al cliente en los restaurantes de comida china de la provincia del Carchi
Authors: Gonzáles Jurado Jorge Andrés
Published: May 2019

Soy  un  convencido que  el  marketing en  la  actualidad es  el  principal gestor  de cambio  social  y que se mantendrá en el tiempo  de diferentes maneras, pero indistintamente el marketing es y será el responsable de los  comportamientos  sociales   y  empresariales.  Del  direccionamiento que se le dé al marketing, dependerá que la sociedad tenga  una mejor calidad  de vida,  ya que es el motor principal que impulsa, no solamente la economía mundial  sino  el comportamiento de la sociedad, la misma que necesita convivir  en armonía.El sistema  de gestión  del mix de marketing se lo ha diseñado dentro  de los  parámetros  que  vinculan   la  teoría  con  la  práctica,  en  él  se  han tomado  los principios de la gestión  del marketing aprendidos durante  la carrera,    este    documento   constituye   un   instrumento   que   permite incursionar en la realidad  de los negocios de restaurantes ubicados en la provincia del Carchi. Se  ha  realizado  una  breve  reseña   histórica  de  esta  actividad  en  la provincia   del    Carchi,    con    la    finalidad   de    entender   la    cultura gastronómica,  se  hace  referencia  a  los  inicios  del  restaurante “Chifa Fortuna´z”, procurando comprender la  evolución que  ha  tenido  en  el tiempo  y sobre todo la influencia que tiene en el medio.Se han establecido principios fundamentales del proceso  de diagnóstico que son los ejes principales que permiten realizar  un análisis  minucioso de los factores  que inciden  en el giro del negocio.En  el  diseño   del  sistema   de  gestión   del  mix  de  marketing,  se  hace necesario la fijación  de objetivos y metas  para lo cual se ha diseñado el sistema.
NIIFs para Pymes y NIIF´s plenas para los productores de leche de la provincia del Carchi y el impacto de su inobservancia sobre la contribución neta de marketing
Authors: Villarreal Salazar Fernando Javier , Rosero Rosero Maribel
Published: May 2019

En la actualidad el contexto local e internacional está inmerso en economías globalizadas, que demandan de los diversos ámbitos económicos acoplarse a sistemas de información financiera y normativas generalizadas que  contribuyan a  una  mejor  y  mayor  comprensión del  desempeño financiero y resultado de sus flujos efectivos, así como también, evidenciar el uso de sus recursos en inversiones que les generen valor agregado a sus actividades, tal es el caso de herramientas de marketing.   Puesto que hoy en día, cualquier actividad económica pone énfasis en el cliente  inclusive al nivel de los comodities, que si bien es cierto adolece de marca, aquello no implica que otras variables relacionadas con la comercialización no puedan ser abordadas. El  presente  estudio  tiene  por  objeto  exponer resultados sobre  la  adopción de  la  las  normas internacionales de información financiera en el sector de productores de leche de la provincia del Carchi y evidenciar el impacto de la inobservancia de la contribución neta del marketing, así como también identificar y diseñar una metodología adecuada para la implementación de la normativa NIIFs en este grupo social.
Evaluación del desempeño docente en la Escuela de Administración de Empresas y Marketing - UPEC
Authors: Almeida Diego , Pérez Quiroz Roberth
Published: May 2019

La calidad de la educación que se imparte en la facultad de comercio internacional, integración, administración   y   economía   empresarial   a   través   de   la   carrera   de Administración de Empresas y Marketing se constituye hoy en una función de relevante impacto social y político a nivel Nacional, Provincial y Regional.Pero no se trata de la calidad en el sentido tradicional de cumplimiento de referentes mínimos,   sino  de calidad  de  la  educación  como  resultado  del  esfuerzo  colectivo  y permanente  de  la  comunidad  universitaria  que  contribuya  a  sembrar  y  fortalecer  una cultura de evaluación, es por esto que el objeto del análisis en este estudio es evidenciar los resultados obtenidos en la evaluación del desempeño docente de la Escuela de Administración de Empresas y Marketing (EAEM) de la Universidad Politécnica Estatal del Carchi (UPEC) en el período académico Marzo – Agosto 2014, que permitió identificar fortalezas y debilidades dentro del proceso de aprendizaje que serán considerados en la aplicación de estrategias de mejora a fin de que la actividad docente tenga los mejores, en este  proceso  se utilizó el  sistema  de evaluación  de desempeño  docente y el  programa Quanto, sistema informático especializado en evaluación integral.
Implementación y evaluación de buenas prácticas de manufactura (BPM) para plantas procesadoras de lácteos
Authors: Beltran Del Hierro Daniel Mauricio
Published: May 2019

En la Planta procesadora de lácteos 6 DE ENERO ubicada en la Pre parroquia Las Mercedes del cantón Santo Domingo de los Colorados, Provincia Santo Domingo se implementó un Manual de Buenas Prácticas de Manufactura (BPM) y Procedimientos Operacionales Estandarizados de Saneamiento (POES), con la finalidad de reducir el riesgo de contaminación del yogurt, durante las etapas que comprenden desde el ordeño hasta la comercialización. Se realizaron análisis físico-químicos, microbiológicos y organolépticos para leche cruda y yogurt; tomando 3 muestras con 3 repeticiones para cada una en todos los procesos; estos análisis se realizaron antes y después de la implementación de las BPM y POES. Los valores encontrados en aerobios totales, coliformes y E. coli en 1606.91 UFC/ml, 35.87 UFC/ml y 3 UFC/ml, respectivamente, cuya carga microbiana al aplicar las BPM y POES  se  redujeron  en el yogurt a  valores de 1016.02 UFC/ml, 15.15 UFC/ml y 0.14 UFC/ml respectivamente,  concluyendo que la aplicación del manual permitió reducir la carga microbiana en la materia prima (leche), producto terminado (yogurt), utensilios, equipos e instalaciones que se utilizan en la elaboración de los derivados lácteos; así como la higiene de los operarios, siendo necesaria su aplicación, recomendándose poner en práctica el manual, por cuanto permite garantizar la calidad, inocuidad y genuinidad del yogurt, debiendo  realizarse auditorias en cada área de la Planta cada 60 días para medir el nivel de cumplimiento del manual establecido.
Assessing the Impact of Sponsor Asset Selection, Intangible Rights, and Activation on Sponsorship Effectiveness
Authors: Dees Windy , Gay Colin , Popp Nels , Jensen Jonathan A.
Published: May 2019

Abstract: Brand awareness is frequently cited as a main objective for firms engaging in sponsorship and is often used as a measurement of sponsorship effectiveness. Meanwhile, sport sponsorship has evolved from static signage and one-way messaging to include an exhaustive list of assets and intangible rights, along with extensive on-site activation, each with a specific incremental cost. Yet, it is unknown whether the mix of assets and rights firms may choose to purchase, along with an investment in activation, impacts their ability to generate greater sponsorship effectiveness in the form of brand awareness. While controlling for duration as a sponsor, results indicate that the selection of videoboard and LED in-stadium advertising, as well as on-site activation, led to increased brand awareness for sponsors. Moreover, category exclusivity and official status designation were also statistically significant predictors of brand recognition, with exclusivity doubling the probability that a sponsor is recognized by consumers.
María Victoria Moreno: Elexías de luz
Authors: Rábade Paredes Xesús
Published: May 2019

María Victoria Moreno non foi profesora nin escritora tópica. Como García Lorca, a quen estuda e admira, Galicia entrou nela como un signo profundo e verdadeiro que a impresiona, principalmente a través do amor e a terra, notas ambas e dúas de percepción cutánea, sensorial, que impregnan toda a súa produción na nosa lingua. Biografía e texto creativo son indisolubles na autora, que encara vida e obra como viaxe no mundo para facer o ben. Tal cosmovisión, anagnórise ou recoñecemento substánciase nunha serie de conceptos ou palabras clave que percorren os seus versos e as súas prosas.