bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Divided by morality? Moral foundations of affective polarisation during hard times
Authors: Haerter Victoria , Filsinger Maximilian , Freitag Markus
Published: February 2025

In this article, we examine the deeper causes of a key group conflict during the COVID-19 pandemic: attitudes towards the COVID-19 vaccination. Extending research on affective polarisation beyond partisanship, we analyse how people perceive the external groups of vaccination supporters and opponents. Furthermore, we investigate how their own moral foundations influence these perceptions. Using six samples from six European countries, our analyses reveal an affective divide between supporters and opponents of COVID-19 vaccinations. Most interestingly and contrary to conventional expectations, we find that individualising rather than binding foundations intensify affective polarisation between pro- and anti-vaccination supporters in all countries. It seems that especially in times of pandemic threat, COVID-19 vaccination supporters and opponents alike feel that their core moral foundations, in particular, fairness are being challenged by their respective out-groups. Our findings could be used to develop depolarisation interventions involving moral framing.
Environmentally friendly green adsorbent walnut shell for highly efficient adsorption of tylosin from water
Authors: Akmese Bediha , Satir Ilknur Tosun
Published: February 2025

This study investigated using walnut shells (WSs), a commonly found adsorbent, to remove tylosin, a common antibiotic, from wastewater. Characterization of the WS was carried out using Brunauer, Emmet, and Teller (BET), Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometer (FT-IR), scanning electron microscope (SEM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). To determine the adsorption conditions in the batch system, solution pH, adsorbent amount, and contact time factors were studied. In the continuous system, flow rate and adsorbent amount were investigated. In adsorption studies carried out in a batch system, the optimum pH was determined as the original pH of the antibiotic solution (pH 7.5). Adsorption equilibrium was established in 30 minutes for a 10 g/L adsorbent amount. Kinetic and isotherm parameters were calculated using data obtained from experimental studies. The kinetic studies were evaluated with pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order, and intraparticle diffusion kinetic models. The tylosin's adsorption results on WS show that it fits the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. The isotherm studies on the adsorption of tylosin with WS were performed using the Freundlich, Langmuir, and Dubinin–Radushkevich (D-R) isotherm models. The tylosin's adsorption results on WS show that it fits the Langmuir isotherm model. In the adsorption studies carried out in the column system, the adsorbent amount and flow rate parameters were 30 g/L and 0.2 mL/min, respectively. In studies carried out in batch and column system environments, 78% and 100% removal were achieved, respectively. This method was successfully applied to determine tylosin in wastewater samples.
The impact of artificial intelligence in enhancing online learning platform effectiveness in higher education
Authors: Hamzah Hussin Ahmad , Abu Seman Muhamad Sadry , Ahmed Mahfooz
Published: February 2025

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has revolutionized various sectors, and education is no exception. Online learning platforms, in particular, have benefited significantly from integrating AI technologies. AI can enhance online education's quality and effectiveness by automating tasks, personalizing learning experiences, and providing real-time feedback. This study investigates the impact of AI on online learning system effectiveness in Jordanian higher education institutions. Utilizing the DeLone and McLean IS Success Model, the research explores the relationships between AI features, system quality, information quality, service quality, user satisfaction, and platform effectiveness.

Methodology:

A quantitative research approach involving data collection through a structured questionnaire was employed. The questionnaire was designed to measure the perceived impact of AI on various aspects of online learning. Data was collected from a sample of learners and instructors at two selected Jordanian universities.

Findings:

The findings revealed that AI has a significant positive impact on system quality, information quality, and service quality. AI-powered features can improve the technical aspects of the platform, enhance the quality of information, and provide better support services. Moreover, the study found a strong positive relationship between user satisfaction and platform effectiveness. Satisfied users were more likely to perceive the platform as effective, leading to improved learning outcomes and engagement.

Conclusion:

This study provides valuable insights into the potential benefits of AI in enhancing online learning. By focusing on system quality, information quality, and service quality, institutions can effectively leverage AI to improve user satisfaction and platform effectiveness. Future research should explore the long-term impact of AI on learning outcomes and the ethical implications of AI-driven education.
Lipedema awareness in fibromyalgia
Authors: Bolkan Günaydın Elzem , Ünlü Zeliha , Ay Saime , Karapınar Tolga Oğuz
Published: February 2025

Objectives

To evaluate the presence of lipedema and lipedema-related factors in fibromyalgia patients.

Methods

The study included 100 female patients over the age of 18 who met the fibromyalgia diagnostic criteria. The patients were evaluated for the presence/stages of lipedema. The body mass index (BMI), waist-hip ratio, waist-height ratio, and presence of hematoma tendency/telangiectasias were recorded. Patients were asked to mark the severity of their pain (widespread/on lipedema) on a 10 cm visual analog scale (VAS). The ACR 2016 Fibromyalgia Diagnostic Criteria, The Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and The Revised Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire were applied.

Results

Lipedema was observed in 50% of the patients (58% Stage 1 lipedema). In the lipedema group, age, duration of fibromyalgia diagnosis, hematoma tendency/presence of telangiectasias (for all; p < .001), menopausal status ( p = .004), BDI score ( p = .04), BMI ( p = .02), history of medication for fibromyalgia ( p = .01) were higher, and age at menarche ( p = .01) was lower. Lipedema stage was moderately positively correlated with BMI, number of pregnancies (for both; r:0.53 p < .001) and waist-height ratio (r:0.43 p:0.002), while VAS-lipedema pain intensity was strongly positively correlated with VAS-widespread pain intensity (r:0.62 p < .001), and moderately positively correlated with symptom severity score (r:0.55 p < .001), BMI (r:0.54 p < .001), and fibromyalgia severity score (r:0.51 p < .001). Long fibromyalgia diagnosis time ( p: 0.005), and low age at menarche ( p: 0.05) were significant risk factors for the presence of lipedema.

Conclusions

Lipedema is common in fibromyalgia patients. Long fibromyalgia diagnosis time and low age at menarche are significant risk factors for the presence of lipedema.
Viewpoint detection on LGBT + reporting using contextual embeddings and qualitative thematic analysis: The use case on the word deep
Authors: Martinc Matej , Perger Nina , Pollak Senja
Published: February 2025

This article presents an interdisciplinary study combining advanced natural language processing techniques by using contextual embeddings and manual thematic analysis. We analyse Slovenian news articles on LGBT + topics, focusing on the differences in the connotation of the word deep, the word whose usage differs the most between mainstream and conservative media groups, according to the system for automatic measuring of usage changes based on contextual embedding. At the content level, the study shows that, in mainstream media, the word deep is predominantly used in a conventional sense, with LGBT + topics being approached in a nonoppositional manner. On the other hand, conservative news portals predominantly refer to the construct of the ‘deep state’, its agents and practices, hence approaching LGBT + as one of the ‘forces in the shadows’ that push forward its agenda by subordinating main socio-political institutions with the help of its ‘allies’, for example, left-wing political parties. Additionally, we compare the results of the manual coding and the automatically defined clusters of usage and evaluate the potential of computational methods for qualitative analysis. The results show that computational analysis can act as a rough approximation to manual coding for main and emphasised differences, but it fails to detect fine-grained differences.
Sovereignty of the Dead: Mourning Practices in Jeju as Decolonial Politics against South Korean Subimperialism
Authors: Kim Veda Hyunjin
Published: February 2025

The subimperial formation of ‘South’ Korea, articulated within US imperialism, first emerged in Jeju amid the genocidal violence against Jeju natives since March 1947. While the South Korean state recognized the mass-murdered as citizens following the transitional justice programs in the 2000s, I question whether the recognition of citizenship conferred by the state – the perpetrator – constitutes the sovereign subjectivity that the bereaved Jeju natives have truly sought. To reflect on the possibility of sovereignty of the dead, I think with Indigenous studies scholarship to debate with Agamben and Mbembe. I argue that the sovereignty of the dead is contingent on the extent to which their historical subjectivities are honored through mourning practices. Drawing on photographs and archival materials concerning mourning practices, I illustrate the ways survivors and bereaved families in Jeju sought indigenous sovereignty for the mass-murdered.
Distributive politics and asymmetric participation
Authors: Kerler Philipp , Araújo Victor
Published: February 2025

How do distributive politics affect participation under incomplete information? We theorize a novel mechanism that we call asymmetric participation, which explains participation as a self-selection process induced by a broadly targeted welfare benefit. Incomplete information about the de facto allocation of benefits causes asymmetric participation. When citizens expect particularistic distribution and access to the benefit depends on voter registration, supporters of the incumbent, who supplies the benefit, self-select into the electorate. This creates an incumbency advantage. We illustrate this argument using the case of the Renda Básica de Cidadania (RBC) in Maricá, Brazil, the largest unconditional cash transfer program in Latin America. Based on qualitative evidence, we develop a formal model, which we test against novel survey data. We find that under the de facto procedure of implementation, supporters of the incumbent supplying the RBC, self-select into the electorate, and engage more in activities that signal party loyalty.
The Social Congruency Framework: Mapping Different Types of Social Consumption Experiences
Authors: Liu Peggy J. , Kwon Theresa A. , Garcia-Rada Ximena , Kim Nicole You Jeung
Published: February 2025

It is often said that much of consumption is “social” in nature, but what does this mean? This article proposes the social congruency framework for differentiating between different types of social consumption experiences—characterizing a consumption experience with respect to congruency with a social partner on up to three dimensions: what, where, and when. Utilizing this social congruency framework, we propose four different social consumption experiences: solo consumption with a social referent, asynchronous social consumption, synchronous social consumption, and shared consumption. We then leverage this framework to differentiate between different types of social consumption experiences and to explicate why this differentiation between different types of social consumption experiences matters in terms of how it can facilitate future research examining the nature of congruency within experiences as well as the antecedents and consequences across social consumption experiences.
From Cash to Clicks: A Systematic Review of Digital Payment Adoption Using the ADO Framework
Authors: Jain Vishu , Jain Neelam
Published: February 2025

This study explores the evolving landscape of digital payment adoption through bibliometric analysis and a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) to identify research patterns, themes, and gaps. Using the PRISMA framework, data from Scopus and Web of Science (2003–April 2024) were analyzed, incorporating 1,052 studies for bibliometric analysis and 57 for SLR. The study employs the antecedents, decision, and outcome (ADO) framework to structure insights, revealing a significant surge in digital payment research, particularly post-2018. Key thematic clusters encompass psychological factors, theoretical models, payment technologies, and e-commerce/user experience, with the thematic map providing a strategic perspective for future research. The findings highlight critical adoption drivers such as ease of use, usefulness, and trust, alongside barriers like perceived risk and security concerns. This research uniquely contributes by proposing an integrated conceptual framework for digital payment adoption using the ADO framework. By combining recent data analysis with both SLR and bibliometric analysis, it offers valuable insights for advancing digital finance and supporting economic digital transformation.
Persistence of Contested Value Cocreation Practices
Authors: Feddema Kim , Koskela-Huotari Kaisa , Harrigan Paul
Published: February 2025

The climate crisis and other global challenges make it clear that not only are new value cocreation practices (VCPs) needed, but some current VCPs must be discontinued. Prior service literature assumes that VCPs can be disrupted by reforming the institutions that govern them. However, empirical observations show that VCPs may persist even when targeted by institutional work, and recent organizational research points to contested practices that continue to be enacted even when challenged or criticized. To understand this phenomenon in value cocreation, we conducted an embedded case study of exotic pet-keeping—a set of VCPs that continue despite intervention efforts. Our findings reveal that when exotic pet-keepers became reflexive of contestation in the symbolic elements of their VCPs, they modified their material elements, leading to four types of contested VCP reconfiguration. Two of these types—conforming and confining—resulted in the dissipation of the contested VCPs, while the other two—converting and circumventing—led to their persistence. We contribute to service research by introducing the concept of contested VCPs and developing a typology and a theoretical framework of their reconfiguration. Our work offers practitioners and policymakers a new approach to designing interventions to discontinue VCPs and evaluating their outcomes.
Will higher education help develop intercultural competence? A systematic review in WoS and Scopus / ¿Ayudará la educación superior a desarrollar la competencia intercultural? Una revisión sistemática en WoS y Scopus
Authors: André-Das Dores Ricardo M. , Delgado-García Manuel , Conde-Vélez Sara
Published: February 2025

The increasing demand for culturally competent professionals and a globalized labour market are pressures pushing for the internationalization of higher education institutions. International students and the development of intercultural competence (IC) are crucial in a polarized socioeconomic context, where nationalism and populist movements are on the rise. A systematic literature review was performed on the Web of Science (WoS) and Scopus databases to understand the scholarly production on the development of intercultural competence in higher education and the perceptions of higher education stakeholders. The results point to an increase in scholarly articles on the topic and the need to identify and clearly insert intercultural competence within the curriculum, and to identify difficulties in intercultural encounters among unprepared stakeholders and the higher market return of interculturally competent professionals. The conclusions point to the need to further integrate IC in tertiary education, bearing in mind the obstacles and returns of developing this competence.
Presence of slowly expanding lesions in multiple sclerosis predicts progressive demyelination within lesions and normal-appearing tissue over time
Authors: Vavasour Irene , Elliott Colm , Arnold Douglas L , Gaetano Laura , Clayton David , Magon Stefano , Bonati Ulrike , Bernasconi Carrado , Traboulsee Anthony , Kolind Shannon
Published: February 2025

Background:

Multiple sclerosis (MS) slowly expanding lesions (SELs) are defined on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) as contiguous regions of pre-existing focal non-contrast-enhancing T2 lesions with constant and concentric local expansion on conventional T1-weighted and T2-weighted images. SELs are associated with an increased risk of disability progression.

Methods:

Myelin-related changes detected using myelin water fraction (MWF) and magnetisation transfer ratio (MTR) in SELs and T2 lesions were measured over 192 weeks in participants with relapsing MS.

Results:

In participants with SELs (SEL+), SELs (MWF: 0.12 ± 0.03, MTR: 33.1 ± 3.6 pu) showed reduced myelin measures at baseline compared to T2 lesions (MWF: 0.13 ± 0.02, MTR: 35.1 ± 2.4 pu). In participants without SELs (SEL−), T2 lesions had higher myelin measures (MWF: 0.15 ± 0.02, MTR: 36.2 ± 2.0 pu) compared to T2 lesions in SEL+. Over 4 years, only SELs showed decreases in MWF (−11.4%). The percentage of abnormal voxels within normal-appearing white matter was higher in SEL+ and increased over time (SEL+ MWF Week 0: 0.56%, Week 192: 0.98%; SEL− MWF Week 0: 0.13%, Week 192: 0.25%).

Conclusion:

Our results indicate progressive focal and global demyelination in SEL+ participants and that the presence of SELs might be a biomarker for participants with ongoing diffuse or smouldering inflammation within the whole brain.
Stock market effects of CrowdStrike IT outage on largest listed hotel companies
Authors: Albuquerque Bruno , Cró Susana , Moutinho Nuno , Miguel Martins António
Published: February 2025

This study analyses the short-term market effect of CrowdStrike IT outage in the 100 largest worldwide listed hotel companies. Using an event study methodology, the paper analyses how hotel companies are penalized by the market to the biggest IT disruption in history. Our results evidence a statistically significant negative reaction around the event date. This result is explained by the adverse impact caused by IT failures in the hotel’s business operations (reservation, payment, technical systems) and supply chain processes, which result in financial losses. We also observe a highest negative stock market reaction for hotel companies located in Western countries and for hotels with a low cyber risk rating. Finally, this study identifies hotel-specific characteristics that drive value during an IT outage. The research evidence that larger and more profitable hotel companies, with lower leverage and higher cyber risk ratings are more resilient to the adverse effects of IT outages.
Development of a nomogram incorporating BRAF-V600E to predict central lymph node metastasis in papillary thyroid carcinoma
Authors: Chen Denghui , Xue Xinwen , Kong Qingfeng
Published: February 2025

Objective

This study aims to identify risk factors associated with central lymph node metastasis (CLNM) in individuals with papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) and to develop a predictive nomogram model, thereby offering clinicians a valuable tool for guiding surgical treatment decisions in PTC management.

Methods

Clinical and ultrasound data were collected from 348 patients with PTC who underwent surgical treatment at our hospital between July 2022 and November 2023. The cohort was randomly divided into a training group (n = 243) and a validation group (n = 105 cases). Independent risk factors for CLNM were identified using multivariate logistic regression analysis, which was subsequently used to construct a predictive nomogram. The performance of the model was internally validated, and its predictive accuracy was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, decision curve analysis (DCA), and calibration curves.

Results

Among the 348 patients, CLNM was observed in 115 (47.33%) patients in the training group and 48 (45.71%) patients in the validation group. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses revealed that male sex, age under 55 years, nodular anteroposterior diameter of ≥1 cm, BRAF-V600E gene mutation, and tumor capsule invasion were independent risk factors for CLNM in PTC ( P < 0.05). The constructed nomogram demonstrated strong predictive capability, with areas under the ROC curve (AUC) of 0.84 (95% CI, 0.78–0.89) for the training group and 0.85 (95% CI, 0.78–0.93) for the validation group.

Conclusion

The nomogram constructed based on ultrasound and BRAF-V600E gene mutation status is a reliable predictive tool for CLNM in patients with PTC, potentially aiding clinicians in the formulation of personalized surgical treatment strategies.
Impact of controlled stepwise reperfusion during primary percutaneous coronary intervention on patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction
Authors: Chen Tao , Liu Ting-Ting , Bai Wen-Lou , Qi Qi , Yin Hong-Shan , Wang Tao , Jiang Zhi-An
Published: February 2025

Objective:

The aim of this study is to examine the impact of controlled stepwise reperfusion by modulating pre-dilation balloon pressure during primary percutaneous coronary interventions (PPCI) in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).

Methods:

Consecutive STEMI patients requiring PPCI with thrombolysis in myocardial infarction (TIMI) flow grades 0 or 1, were randomly divided into an experimental group and a control group. For the control group, the pre-dilation balloon was removed immediately after achieving antegrade perfusion beyond the lesion. The experimental group underwent stepwise reperfusion, with the balloon pressure being gradually reduced. Baseline data, intra/post-procedural PPCI data, 3-month left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), and major adverse cardiac events (MACE) were documented and compared between the two groups.

Results:

The control group experienced more severe symptoms during the procedure ( p = 0.034), higher post-procedural corrected TIMI frame counts ( p = 0.047), more significant hemodynamic changes ( p = 0.031), and increased rates of ventricular tachycardia/ventricular fibrillation ( p = 0.035). Additionally, they had a higher total number of arrhythmias ( p = 0.017), a lower 90-min ST segment resolution rate ( p = 0.045), and elevated cTNI levels one week after the procedure ( p = 0.047). Three months later, the control group demonstrated a lower LVEF compared to the experimental group ( p = 0.048) and a trend towards more drug-treated arrhythmias ( p = 0.073). No differences were observed in other statistical results.

Conclusion:

In patients with STEMI undergoing PPCI, controlled stepwise reperfusion by adjusting the pre-dilation balloon pressure effectively reduces myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury, improves myocardial perfusion, and supports the recovery of cardiac function.
Enhanced PID for pedal vehicle force control using hybrid spiral sine-cosine optimization and experimental validation
Authors: Abdullah Hashim Azrul Azim , Ghani Nor Maniha Abdul , Tokhi Mohammad Osman
Published: February 2025

This study develops and validates a force feedback control system for automotive pedals utilizing an optimized PID controller using the hybrid Spiral Sine-Cosine algorithm (SSCA). The primary objective is to enhance system performance by integrating SSCA-tuned PID control and comparing results from simulation and Hardware-in-the-Loop (HIL) testing. Auto Regressive with Exogenous inputs (NARX) models were used as the system identification method for nonlinear dynamic system to accurately represent actuator and pedal force relationships. Results demonstrated that the HIL setup significantly improved performance metrics compared to simulations: overshoot decreased, rise time improved, and settling time reduced for various force parameters. The study confirms that SSCA-tuned PID control can be effectively implemented in real-life applications, particularly in force control pedal vehicles, with potential benefits including reduced driver fatigue due to the repetitive actions of pressing and releasing the vehicle pedal. Future research will aim to enhance this approach by integrating vehicle speed control with advanced actuator and pedal force control systems. This integration will ensure smoother and more precise control over vehicle dynamics, improving overall responsiveness and efficiency. Moreover, a primary focus will be on optimizing low-speed driving scenarios, particularly in traffic congestion, where precise control is critical. By addressing challenges such as stop-and-go movement, vehicle jerks, and energy efficiency, this research seeks to enhance both driver comfort and safety in urban traffic conditions.
Queer ecological data: Where artificial intelligence meets the avian
Authors: Livio Maya , Sánchez-Querubín Natalia
Published: February 2025

Nonhuman life is increasingly analyzed and acted upon through big data and AI tools. Birds in particular are among the most datafied wild beings. However, avian—like human—data sets present challenges of bias, misclassification, and harmful collection methods. For example, avian data includes bias along lines of sex and sexuality, female, queer, and intersex birds are significantly understudied. These missing birds not only represent consequences for biodiversity loss but also “naturalize” assumptions about sex and sexuality for all species, including humans. In this article, we interrogate avian datafication practices and introduce Salvaging Birds, a multimodal project proposing “queer data surrogacy” as a method for generating “queer ecological data,” that is data resisting normative environmental frameworks. Here queer data surrogates were produced by creatively subverting AI toward generating speculative missing birds. Bridging critical data and archival studies with queer ecology, we argue that data logics demand examination at nonhuman sites and scales.
Modeling of the turbulent burning velocity considering the effect of fuel composition in EGR condition
Authors: Sakima Toshiaki , Harada Yuji , Ono Ryohei , Kudo Takeaki , Yamashita Hiroyuki
Published: February 2025

To reduce CO2 emissions, it is essential to enhance the thermal efficiency of internal combustion engines and utilize carbon-neutral fuels. Recent studies have shown that blending fuels with oxygenated components can extend the lean operating limit. This extension is partly attributed to the increased turbulent burning velocity, as indicated by the shorter combustion duration observed with such fuels. Similarly, an increase in turbulent burning velocity may also help expand the Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR) limit. Therefore, identifying fuel compositions that can expand the lean or EGR limits by increasing turbulent burning velocity is crucial. Given the ongoing research into various carbon-neutral fuel candidates, internal combustion engines must achieve high thermal efficiency with any fuel type. It is also important to quickly understand the requirements for achieving high thermal efficiency with different fuels. The purpose of this study is to clarify the effect of fuel composition on turbulent burning velocity under lean or EGR dilution conditions and to develop a model that accounts for these effects. The Markstein number, a dimensionless parameter indicating changes in burning velocity due to flame stretch, varies with fuel composition and is an important indicator under EGR conditions. Therefore, a modified model based on Peters’ model, which focuses on flame stretch and the Markstein number, was considered. To investigate the effect of fuel composition and verify the modified model, experiments were conducted using a Rapid Compression Machine (RCM) to measure the turbulent burning velocities of various fuels under EGR conditions. Ethanol-blended fuel and ETBE-blended fuel were used to clarify the impact of potential carbon-neutral fuel candidates on combustion and to assess the influence of the Markstein number. The comparison between the turbulent burning velocities obtained from the models and experiments confirmed that the modified model more accurately reproduced the experimental results than the base model. Using the modified model, the effect of fuel composition on turbulent burning velocity was further investigated. It was found that blending ethanol decreased the Lewis number, which in turn increased the turbulent burning velocity.
Using digital financial inclusion and graph neural networks to prevent poverty recurrence in the revitalization of multiple villages in Henan Province
Authors: Zhu Weiwei
Published: February 2025

This study examines the impact of digital financial inclusion (DFI) and graph neural networks (GNNs) on preventing poverty recurrence and promoting sustainable rural revitalization in Henan Province. Significant differences in poverty alleviation policies across counties and cities in Henan affect the demand for and effectiveness of digital financial services, thus influencing the efficiency of policy implementation. Using the feasible generalized least squares method, the study measures multidimensional poverty vulnerability and explores the roles of DFI and GNNs in mitigating poverty risks. The study integrates data from the CFPS (China Family Panel Studies), Peking University Digital Financial Inclusion Index, and Henan Statistical Yearbook, employing graph convolutional networks and SHAP (Shapley Additive Explanation) to analyze the causes of poverty and identify high-risk households. Fixed effects and instrumental variable methods address endogeneity, with robustness verified through Probit and Logit regression models. Empirical results show that DFI and GNNs significantly reduce farmers’ poverty vulnerability, with coefficients of −0.641 and −0.236, respectively, indicating a strong negative correlation with poverty vulnerability at the 1% significance level. In central and southern Henan, DFI alleviates poverty vulnerability, particularly in the economically weaker areas, but the digitalization index is positively correlated with poverty vulnerability, highlighting regional economic disparities. The findings suggest that DFI and GNNs are essential for poverty alleviation in Henan, particularly in underdeveloped areas, and should be tailored to local conditions for effective poverty reduction.
Optimum feature selection for the supervised damage classification of an operating wind turbine blade
Authors: Ashkarkalaei Mohadeseh , Ghiasi Ramin , Pakrashi Vikram , Malekjafarian Abdollah
Published: February 2025

There exists several methods for feature extraction from monitored infrastructure data. However, for wind turbine monitoring, there exists a dearth in the analysis of full-scale tests for damage detection, guidance for feature extraction, and expected performance levels. This paper attempts to address this through a benchmark study of feature selection and reduction methods, and their performance levels using a full-scale experimental study. Optimum feature selection is achieved through vibration-based damage detection of wind turbine composite blades using acceleration measurements. Experimental measurements of accelerations at 11 different locations on an operating Vestas V27 wind turbine is used. Variable operating conditions for three different rotor speeds corresponding to one healthy, three damaged, and one repaired condition were analyzed. Feature selection and related benchmarking identified the minimal feature set with the best capability to distinguish between multiple damage states. Time, frequency, and time–frequency features were extracted from the accelerations for feature estimation. Feature selection performance was tested via seven machine learning approaches using impulse and ambient responses. Results demonstrate how high classification accuracies of up to 95% can be achieved with only top 10 time–frequency features selected from the analysis of postimpact impulse responses. However, a larger set of optimal features between 30 and 50 are required for effective damage detection with ambient responses. The work, for the first time, presents such feature selection and classification performance for real-time wind turbine blade damage and as a function of optimum selected features. It also demonstrates how a reduced set of features is useful in distinguishing between damage states while a larger feature set may not be useful or even lead to reduced accuracy. The work provides a much needed performance benchmark for structural health monitoring practitioners and researchers for choice, comparison, validation, and use of features for wind turbines.
Direct certification as a measure of student poverty: Comparisons to other alternative poverty measures (Montana)
Authors: Clausen Robin
Published: February 2025

Direct certification has been described by policymakers and academics as a tool which may replace National School Lunch Program (NSLP) eligibility data (Douglas Geverdt, National Center for Education Statistics, personal communication, August 28, 2023). It suggests a policy future in which we change the metric of how we identify disadvantage. On the state level, this impacts allocations, program evaluations, and sponsored research by research institutions. Historically, NSLP eligibility data has been an effective predictor of student outcomes such as achievement and attendance. Little is currently known if direct certification will continue the policy legacy of NSLP eligibility data by accounting for differences in student level outcomes in the same way. Using student level data, this study finds that direct certification meets or exceeds the predictive validity of Montana eligibility data. This means that how direct certification explains student outcomes is like how NSLP eligibility data does, most notably in areas of student achievement. Direct certification does carry its own limitations, for example, comparability between states and systems. Measures for SNAP, TANF, and student statuses that are categorically eligible also differ in the predictive validity of each measure. Due to the differences between these component measures, it may be said that the overall construct is “accidental.” Between states, there is no set formula for the percentage of students that come from SNAP, TANF, Medicaid, or categorically eligible groups. This study establishes that there are differences between these groups in the degree to which the poverty measure predicts variation in a student outcome.
Negative Poisson ratio based on textiles knitting fabric manufacturing process and mechanical properties: A review
Authors: Mohmmed Ramadan , Mohamed Ahmed Hasabo Abdelbagi , Cimilli Duru Sena , Navidfar Amir , Trabzon Levent
Published: February 2025

This paper reviews the advancements and potentials in Knitted Negative Poisson Ratio (NPR) materials, including warp-knitted, weft-knitted, and three-dimensional (3D) knitted structures. The review includes 10 sections the following order: a general introduction, defection of the NPR, the auxetic textile fabrics, warp and weft knitted, the 3D, the mechanical properties of auxetic knitted structure, advantages and drawbacks, and the future trends. However, research on knitted textile structures with Negative Poisson Ratio is limited in the literature so far. This type of material with unusual properties and 3D negative stiffness textile structure has been of interest for fundamental research, and engineering applications. Nonetheless, there is a need for a systematic study of their structural design and manufacturing process and their performance for further exploitation. Among different design structures, various structures have been designed and made to show the properties of (NPR). These negative Poisson ratio textiles knitted structures will enable new applications such as vibration isolation for transportation, defense Industries, aerospace, biomedical, sports industries, geotextile, construction, and many more high-value-added and innovative products.
Dark Patterns Meet the Gamer's Dilemma: Contrasting Morally Objectionable Content with Systems in Video Games
Authors: Montefiore Thomas , Formosa Paul
Published: February 2025

Much of the philosophical discussion of video game ethics is dominated by the literature on the Gamer's Dilemma, which forces us to focus on the ethics of certain forms of extreme virtual content in video games, such as virtual murder or molestation. While a focus on the ethics of video game content is important, we argue that scrutinizing the ethics of video game systems is needed to properly capture the full range of ethical concerns raised by video games. Drawing on a distinction between intravirtual and extravirtual effects, we identify ethical issues with video game content and, by linking to the dark patterns literature, video game systems. To illustrate our view, we give examples of how a game can appear to have morally objectionable content without the game being, at least clearly, morally objectionable, and how a game can appear to be morally unobjectionable despite having morally objectionable systems.
Seeking help for menstrual pain during adolescence: A mixed-methods retrospective survey of treatment experiences and preferences
Authors: Wall Kayla M , Erlandson Marta C , Gagnon Michelle M
Published: February 2025

Background:

Menstrual pain can significantly impact adolescents’ well-being and functioning. Despite the prevalence of adolescent menstrual pain, information about adolescents’ experiences seeking treatment is limited.

Objectives:

We examined retrospective reports of help-seeking in adolescence among menstruators to better understand perceptions and experiences of interacting with the healthcare system due to menstrual pain.

Design:

This study used an embedded mixed-methods design in which the qualitative and quantitative data were collected concurrently.

Methods:

Young adults aged 18–25 who experienced menstrual pain in adolescence completed an online, mixed-methods survey of help-seeking experiences. Responses were analyzed using descriptive statistics and reflexive thematic analysis.

Results:

Across participants ( N = 590, Mage = 21.78 years), 41% sought treatment for menstrual pain in adolescence and of these 43% found the treatments they were offered ineffective. Three themes were generated related to why treatment was perceived as unsuitable: “Side effects and risks of pharmacological treatment,” “treatment not tailored to the individual,” and “treatment seen as a band-aid solution.” Participants perceived the treatment options as limited and likely not addressing the underlying cause of their pain. Four themes were generated related to perceived improvements to treatment seeking. Participants recommended that healthcare providers: “Go beyond contraceptives,” “share and demonstrate expertise,” “investigate menstrual pain,” and “listen and do not dismiss.” Participants reported that having more information, feeling validated, and understanding treatment recommendations would improve their experience.

Conclusion:

Participants perceived that their menstrual pain-related treatment needs were unmet in adolescence, despite being offered treatments that align with treatment guidelines for adolescent menstrual pain. Findings suggest that improving explanations about treatment provided to youth, along with improving communication and menstrual education, may lead to more optimal help-seeking experiences among adolescents.
The use of performance analysis and data driven approaches within senior men's football recruitment
Authors: Frost Will , Groom Ryan , Nicholls Scott B.
Published: February 2025

Football clubs face various demands due to transfer fee increases within player recruitment, leading to numerous clubs adopting alternate methods to remain competitive within the transfer market. This study aimed to investigate the use of video and data based performance analysis (PA) within player recruitment. Participants (n = 19) from professional and semi-professional football clubs were invited to complete a survey through LinkedIn incorporating Likert scale and open text responses. The survey consisted of three sections: demographics, use of PA in recruitment, and perceptions of PA in recruitment. Data was analysed using Mann Whitney U and/or thematic analysis where appropriate to understand the difference in approach between experienced/inexperienced recruiters. Four key themes were identified as formulating the recruitment cycle, these were 1) video and data usage as a crucial tool, 2) identification of hidden talent using external datasets, 3) performance profiling to quantify strengths/weaknesses and provide pertinent insights into a player's abilities, and 4) due diligence to assess a player's personality and cultural fit. The significance of this work has enabled the creation of a novel empirically grounded recruitment analysis framework. In doing so, this study makes an original empirical and conceptual contribution to our understanding of player recruitment in football to inform applied practice.
Two New Chromane Meroditerpenoids with Anti-Neuroinflammatory Potential from a Chinese Collection of the Brown Alga Sargassum siliquastrum
Authors: Pan Junzhi , Liu Huayuan , Xu Xiaofeng , Lv Feijing , Qi Yu , Wang Chaojie , Wu Changle , Sun Zhongmin , Xu Gang , Yan Pengcheng
Published: February 2025

Objectives: This study focused on the isolation, structural elucidation, and anti-neuroinflammatory activities of meroditerpenoids from a Chinese collection of the brown alga Sargassum siliquastrum. Methods: A variety of chromatographic methods were applied to isolate compounds from the EtOAc-soluble extract of S. siliquastrum. Their chemical structures were determined by extensive spectroscopic analyses, including 1D and 2D NMR and HR-ESI-MS data. The compounds were evaluated for their anti-neuroinflammatory activities against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory response in murine BV-2 microglial cells. Results: Two new chromane-type meroditerpenoids, namely 9′-deoxysargachromanol E (1) and 3′,4′-dihydro-4′-hydroxysargachromanol I (2), were isolated from the EtOAc-soluble extract of S. siliquastrum, along with three known analogues (3–5). Compounds 1–4 showed inhibition against LPS-induced nitric oxide (NO) production in BV-2 cells with IC50 values of 19.5, 8.0, 15.1, and 14.3 μM, respectively. Conclusions: Two new chromane meroditerpenoids were identified from the brown alga S. siliquastrum. These meroditerpenoids had promising anti-neuroinflammatory effects in vitro.
Biochemical properties of different Algerian bee pollen samples
Authors: Bedjih Farida , Ouchemoukh Salim , Amessis-Ouchemoukh Nadia , Otmani Amar , Zaidi Hicham , Kara Yakup , Inan Cihan , Özkan İkra , Kolaylı Sevgi
Published: February 2025

Background

Bee pollen is a hive derived product formed from the agglomeration of flower pollen, nectar and bee saliva. It's hailed for its potential health benefits such as antioxidant, antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effect.

Objective

The present work aims to assess the Algerian bee pollen quality by highlighting their phenolic composition, their antioxidant, antimicrobial, enzymatic and antiviral activities, in addition to wound healing and Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) protection effect.

Methods

In this study, fourteen Algerian bee pollen 70% ethanol extracts samples were analyzed to determine their phenolic profils and biological activities. Thus, Reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography with Ultraviolet Detection RP-HPLC-UV is done, antioxidant, antibacterial, enzymatic, wound healing, DNA protection and anti-Herpes Simplex Virus 1 (anti- HSV-1) tests are carried out.

Results

The samples showed good antioxidant activity, variation in phenolic composition, selective antibacterial activity against Gram negative bacteria strains (Escherichia coli “E.coli”, Salmonella typhimurium and Yersinia pestis), inhibition to acetylcholinesterase and α-glucosidase and activation of Superoxide Dismutase (SOD). The samples P4, P7, P8 and P14 show high wound healing potential while P6 and P10 have DNA protection effect. Only P7 have anti-HSV-1 activity.

Conclusion

The different biological activities varied according to the phytochemical composition of each sample and not according to the harvest region. That is confirmed by Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and different correlations relationships between activities and bioactive compounds where it can be seen that the samples were grouped according to their composition and not by the region of the harvest.
Assessing aesthetic impressions with pictorial measures: A novel approach in empirical aesthetics
Authors: Stojilović Ivan Z.
Published: February 2025

This study introduces pictorial technique (PT) as an innovative method in empirical aesthetics to assess aesthetic impressions of visual artworks. Forty participants, drawn from general and artistic populations, evaluated nine paintings representing abstract, traditional figural, and modern figural styles using the PT and aesthetic rating scales. The PT enabled participants to mark impactful areas within artworks, transforming subjective impressions into spatial data visualized as heatmaps. Results showed that, on average, participants marked 17% of the painting's surface, with notable stylistic differences in attention distribution. Abstract paintings exhibited dispersed attention, focusing on geometric shapes and color contrasts, while traditional figural works concentrated on narrative elements. Modern figural paintings demonstrated a hybrid pattern, emphasizing both individual details and broader compositions. The study also tested the hypothesis that dimensional characteristics of marked areas correspond to aesthetic preferences. Findings revealed that the size of marked regions modestly predicted ratings on Interestingness and Comprehensibility scales, though the explained variance was limited. The study highlights the PT's potential for visualizing aesthetic engagement and suggests its integration with physiological methods like eye-tracking to explore the interaction between spontaneous attention and reflective aesthetic judgments. These findings underscore PT's adaptability and value as a tool for investigating aesthetic experiences across diverse art forms and cultural contexts.