bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A partially-coupled hydro-mechanical analysis of the Bengal Aquifer
System under hydrological loading
Authors: Woodman Nicholas D. , Burgess William G. , Ahmed Kazi Matin , Zahid Anwar
Published: July 2018

Abstract. The coupled poro-mechanical behaviour of geologic-fluid systems is fundamental to numerous processes in structural geology, seismology and geotechnics but is frequently overlooked in hydrogeology. Substantial poro-mechanical influences on groundwater head have recently been highlighted in the Bengal Aquifer System, however, driven by terrestrial water loading across the Ganges-Brahmaputra-Meghna floodplains. Groundwater management in this strategically important fluvio-deltaic aquifer, the largest in south Asia, requires a coupled hydro-mechanical approach which acknowledges poro-elasticity. We present a simple partially-coupled, one-dimensional poro-elastic model of the Bengal Aquifer System, and explore the poro-mechanical responses of the aquifer to surface boundary conditions representing hydraulic head and mechanical load under three modes of terrestrial water variation. The characteristic responses, shown as amplitude and phase of hydraulic head in depth profile and of ground surface deflection, demonstrate (i) the limits to using water levels in piezometers to indicate groundwater recharge, as conventionally applied in groundwater resources management; (ii) the conditions under which piezometer water levels respond primarily to changes in the mass of terrestrial water storage, as applied in geological weighing lysimetry; (iii) the relationship of ground surface vertical deflection to changes in groundwater storage; and (iv) errors of attribution that could result from ignoring the poroelastic behaviour of the aquifer. These concepts are illustrated through application of the partially-coupled model to interpret multi-level piezometer data at two sites in southern Bangladesh. There is a need for further research into the coupled responses of the aquifer due to more complex forms of surface loading, particularly from rivers.
Wind-induced variability in the Northern Current (northwestern Mediterranean Sea) as depicted by a multi-platform observing system
Authors: Berta Maristella , Bellomo Lucio , Griffa Annalisa , Magaldi Marcello G. , Molcard Anne , Mantovani Carlo , Gasparini Gian Pietro , Marmain Julien , Vetrano Anna , Béguery Laurent , Borghini Mireno , Barbin Yves , Gaggelli Joel , Quentin Céline
Published: July 2018

Abstract. The variability and evolution of the Northern Current (NC) in the area off
Toulon is studied for 2 weeks in December 2011 using data from a glider, a
high-frequency (HF) radar network, vessel surveys, a weather station, and an atmospheric model.
The NC variability is dominated by a synoptic response to wind events, even
though the dataset also evidences early stages of transition from late summer
to fall–winter conditions. With weak winds, the current is mostly zonal and
in geostrophic balance even at the surface, with a zonal transport associated
with the NC of ≈1 Sv. Strong westerly wind events (longer than
2–3 days) induce an interplay between the direct-wind-induced ageostrophic
response and the geostrophic component: upwelling is observed, with offshore
surface transport, surface cooling, flattening of the isopycnals, and reduced
zonal geostrophic transport (0.5–0.7 Sv). The sea surface response to wind
events, as observed by the HF radar, shows total currents rotated at ≈-55 to -90∘ to the right of the wind. Performing a
decomposition between geostrophic and ageostrophic components of the surface
currents, the wind-driven ageostrophic component is found to rotate by
≈-25 to -30∘ to the right of the wind. The ageostrophic
component magnitude corresponds to ≈2 % of the wind speed.
Glaciological characteristics in the Dome Fuji region and new assessment for “Oldest Ice”
Authors: Karlsson Nanna B. , Binder Tobias , Eagles Graeme , Helm Veit , Pattyn Frank , Van Liefferinge Brice , Eisen Olaf
Published: July 2018

Abstract. A key objective in palaeo-climatology is the retrieval of a
continuous Antarctic ice-core record dating back 1.5 Ma. The identification
of a suitable Antarctic site requires sufficient knowledge of the subglacial
landscape beneath the Antarctic Ice Sheet. Here, we present new ice thickness
information from the Dome Fuji region, East Antarctica, based on airborne
radar surveys conducted during the 2014/15 and 2016/17 southern summers.
Compared to previous maps of the region, the new dataset shows a more complex
landscape with networks of valleys and mountain plateaus. We use the new
dataset as input in a thermokinematic model that incorporates uncertainties
in geothermal heat flux values in order to improve the predictions of
potential ice-core sites. Our results show that especially the region
immediately south of Dome Fuji station persists as a good candidate site for
obtaining an old ice core. An initial assessment of basal conditions revealed
the existence of what appears to be subglacial lakes. Further radar data
analysis shows overall high continuity of layer stratigraphy in the region.
This indicates that extending the age–depth information from the Dome Fuji
ice core to a new ice-core drill site is a viable option.
Simulated dynamic regrounding during marine ice sheet retreat
Authors: Jong Lenneke M. , Gladstone Rupert M. , Galton-Fenzi Benjamin K. , King Matt A.
Published: July 2018

Abstract. Marine-terminating ice sheets are of interest due to their potential
instability, making them vulnerable to rapid retreat. Modelling the evolution
of glaciers and ice streams in such regions is key to understanding their
possible contribution to sea level rise. The friction caused by the sliding
of ice over bedrock and the resultant shear stress are important factors in
determining the velocity of sliding ice. Many models use simple power-law
expressions for the relationship between the basal shear stress and ice
velocity or introduce an effective-pressure dependence into the sliding
relation in an ad hoc manner. Sliding relations based on water-filled
subglacial cavities are more physically motivated, with the overburden
pressure of the ice included. Here we show that using a cavitation-based
sliding relation allows for the temporary regrounding of an ice shelf at a
point downstream of the main grounding line of a marine ice sheet undergoing
retreat across a retrograde bedrock slope. This suggests that the choice of
sliding relation is especially important when modelling grounding line
behaviour of regions where potential ice rises and pinning points are present
and regrounding could occur.
A critical reflection on a research partnership
Authors: Zepke Nick , Leach Linda
Published: July 2018

This critical reflection asks what contributions a research partnership, active between 1997 and 2014, made to knowledge about student learning in higher education. It focuses on three overarching projects. The first, on assessment, addressed ways to empower students in assessment processes and make them fairer for students from diverse backgrounds. The second, on student retention and success, identified ways for students to integrate into higher education while also advocating that institutions adapt their cultures and practices to meet the needs of students from diverse backgrounds. The third, on student engagement, attracted considerable interest for a conceptual organiser of this complex construct. It included ten proposals for action and recognised the impact of non-institutional factors on engagement. It also found that engagement is best researched within institutions. A critical reflection on the influences of the projects suggests that their impact on assessment was negligible. However, the retention and engagement projects have influenced mainstream thinking.
Volume 9 Issue 3
Authors: Nelson Karen , Creagh Tracy
Published: July 2018

This issue is our fourth Students, Transitions, Achievement, Retention and Success (STARS) Conference special issue (July 8-11 July, Auckland, New Zealand).   As is customary, this issue of the Journal publishes the top research papers selected via a peer review process and the top Emerging Initiatives selected by the Conference Committee and Journal Editorial team.  
This year STARS announced two new STARS Fellows:  Dr Linda Leach and Associate Professor Nick Zepke, who recently retired from full-time academic life at Massey University, New Zealand.  Their scholarly contributions to higher education and their prolific work on student assessment, success and retention and student engagement represents a lifetime of active research and publishing and their vast body of work has contributed greatly to our understandings of the student experience.   We are extremely pleased to publish their article A critical reflection on a research partnership as the Invited Feature in this issue.
Interpreting the first-year experience of a non-traditional student: A case study
Authors: Kearney Judith , Stanley Glenda , Blackberry Gina
Published: July 2018

This article concerns non-traditional students’ involvement in Australian higher education. It aims to deepen understanding of enabling and constraining factors for this group’s retention, through an in-depth case study of a non-traditional student’s university experience. The study is underpinned by principles of phenomenology, hermeneutics and idiography with data analysis involving an inductive coding process and a thematic analysis. Findings draw attention to the need to provide support for non-traditional university students in developing a sense of connectedness and resourcefulness. The study makes an original contribution to knowledge by challenging the assumption that western theories of psychology, which privilege an individualist perspective, adequately explain and predict behaviours of non-traditional students who are members of collective social systems. It emphasises the need for researchers and practitioners to adopt an interpretative stance that accommodates a collectivist perspective. Without this approach, student behaviours may be misinterpreted and their circumstances may be unfairly undervalued.
reconocimiento de los derechos de los pueblos indígenas de El Salvador entre el genocidio continuado y el reencuentro de nuestras raíces
Authors: Pineda Gustavo
Published: July 2018

Este artículo revisa la ruta crítica hacia el reconocimiento de los pueblos indígenas de El Salvador a partir de las leyes coloniales de protección, pasando a la supresión de tales regulaciones, hasta las leyes de extinción de las tierras comunales durante el siglo XIX. Posteriormente, se menciona el genocidio de 1932 y la amnistía concedida a sus autores, así como el reconocimiento de los derechos de los pueblos indígenas en el derecho interno e internacional en los primeros años de este siglo. El artículo concluye enumerando los pasos a tomar con las comunidades indígenas para cambiar su realidad y lograr la visión intercultural como país.
Teaching Life as Story
Authors: McVeigh Jane
Published: July 2018

Teaching Life Writing, Part II
The Effect of Oral Corrective Feedback on Article Errors in L3 English: Prompts vs. Recasts
Authors: Doski Pawan M. , Cele Filiz
Published: July 2018

This study examines the effect of prompts and recasts in providing CF for the article errors by Kurdish-Arabic bilinguals who learn English as a third language. 39 lower-intermediate Kurdish-Arabic bilingual learners of English were tested on three tests: pre-, post-, and delayed post-tests. The participants were randomly put into three groups: (1) prompt group (n =15), (2) recast group (n = 14), and (3) no feedback group (n = 10). Each group completed 28 dialogues, which included articles in a Forced Choice Elicitation Task (FCET) as a pre-test. The same test was given to the three groups as post- and delayed post-tests. Between the pre-test and the post-test, the prompt and recast groups took a treatment which involved an interactional activity that aimed the FCET, in which the former took CF in the form of prompts, and the latter took it as recasts for their article errors in L3 English.Results showed that all groups were the same in the pre-test. In addition, both the prompt and recast groups were similar in post-test but were significantly better than the group which did not receive any feedback. In delayed post-test, the prompt group significantly outperformed the other two groups. These findings suggest that prompts are more effective than recasts in providing oral feedback over the long term. The error analysis, on the other hand, revealed that among the four contexts of articles, all students had the highest error rate in the [-def, +spec] context in both pre- and post-tests. These were substitution errors rather than omission errors, which shows that the students fluctuated between definiteness and specificity settings. In delayed post-test, the prompt group significantly made fewer errors than the other two groups.
The Mediating Effect of Innovation on Entrepreneurial Competencies and Business Success in Malaysian SMEs
Authors: Umar Azmi , Che Omar Che Mohd Zulkifli , Hamzah Mohd Sahandri Gani , Hashim Azizah
Published: July 2018

The purpose of this paper is to explore the extent of entrepreneurial competencies and innovation on business success in SMEs in Malaysia. Specifically, this study tested the mediating role of product innovation and process innovation between the relationship of entrepreneurial competencies and business success. The statical sample population of this research includes 407 owner and manager involved in SMEs, both manufacturing and services & other sectors. For data collection, a standard questionnaire using seven-point Likert scale and 72 items was used to evaluate 12 entrepreneurial competencies (strategic competency, commitment competency, conceptual competency, opportunity competency, organising and leading competency, relationship competency, learning competency, personal competency, technical competency, familism competency, ethical competency & social responsibility competency), seven items for innovation (product & process innovation) and, ten items for business success (financial & non-financial). Four hypotheses were developed in this study. The SPSS version 21.0 and Structural equation model (SEM)-AMOS version 21.0 techniques were used. The findings indicate that there is a positive and significant relationship between the entrepreneurial competencies and innovation on business success in SMEs. Moreover, there is a positive and significant relationship between all dimension of competencies and business success. The product innovation and process innovation served as partial mediator between entrepreneurial competencies and business success. Limitations and implications for future studies are discussed.
Prevalence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection in Suspected Patients in a Teaching Hospital in Northeastern Iran: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Falahi Jamal , Gazvini Kiarash , Mirzaei Marzieh , Majnoni Araz , Lotfi Hadi , Jamehdar Saeid Amel
Published: July 2018

Background: Mycobacterium tuberculosis is an infectious agent responsible for major health problems and a large number of mortalities. The prevalence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection varies across countries. Knowing the infection prevalence can aid in improving public health and reduce the associated costs. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of tuberculosis (TB) infection in suspected cases in Mashhad, Iran.Methods: All the clinical specimens suspected of TB infection were sent to a laboratory for diagnosis during -March 2017 to March 2018. The samples were analyzed microscopically using Ziehl–Neelsen staining, by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to identify the Mycobacterium tuberculosis species using IS6110 primers, and the samples were also grown on Lowenstein–Jensen medium.Results: Of 2,755 clinical samples analyzed, 153 (5.55%) were identified as Mycobacterium tuberculosis-positive, of which 54.9% originated from females and 45.1% from males. The highest rate of infection was observed in spring, especially in May (15%). Most TB cases were found in patients in VIP (43.1%), thorax (17%), and internal (15%) wards. TB infection was mostly detected in bronchial tube (70%) and sputum (23.5%) samples. The most common positive smear was 1+ (36%). Of the 153 cases, (147) 96.1% were culture –positive and 2% were PCR-negative also 84.3% were smear –positive.Conclusion: The highest rate of infection occurred in spring, when the number of religious tourists entering the city was at its peak. Considering the sensitive location of this city, awareness regarding TB status can lead to improved health in the community and development of basic strategies to control and eliminate the transmission of this infection from Mashhad to other areas.
De Achmea-zaak voor het Europees Hof van Justitie. Het einde van intra-EU-investeringsverdragen?
Authors: De Brabandere E.
Published: July 2018

De Achmea-zaak voor het Europees Hof van Justitie. Het einde van intra-EU-investeringsverdragen?

Op 6 maart 2018 heeft het Hof van Justitie zijn oordeel geveld in de Achmea-zaak. Deze langverwachte uitspraak maakt een (voorlopig) einde aan een heet hangijzer, namelijk de discussie over de rechtsgeldigheid – in het EU-recht – van arbitrageclausules in investeringsverdragen gesloten tussen twee lidstaten van de Europese Unie (EU), de zogenoemde intra-EU-BIT’s. Het Hof van Justitie verklaart arbitrageclausules in intra-EU-investeringsverdragen in strijd met de artikelen 267 en 344 VWEU. De uitspraak van het Hof van Justitie is voor de Commissie, die sinds enkele jaren een actief beleid voert om een einde te maken aan investeringsverdragen tussen EU-lidstaten, zonder meer welkom. De lidstaten van de EU zullen thans weinig ruimte hebben om die intra-EU-BIT’s te behouden, maar de vraag blijft evenwel wat het effect van de uitspraak zal zijn op aanhangige en toekomstige arbitrages op basis van dergelijke verdragen.

HvJ 6 maart 2018, zaak C-284/16, Slowakische Republiek/Achmea B.V., ECLI:EU:C:2018:158.
Online vergaren van informatie voor opsporingsonderzoek
Authors: Stol Wouter , Strikwerda Litska
Published: July 2018

The online gathering of information for criminal investigation – A concise evaluation of proposed legislation

The Dutch Police Act provides the police with the legal power to gather information about a person on the internet as long as this does not cause more than ‘a limited violation of privacy’. If the police are gathering more information about a person they need a special legal power laid down in the Dutch Code of Criminal Procedure. The dividing line between ‘a limited violation of privacy’ and ‘more than a limited violation of privacy’ is not always clear. The legislator is preparing a new piece of legislation to provide the police with more clarity. This article discusses the suggested law article with respect to the gathering of information from open sources. Furthermore, this article suggests to not only regulate the amount of information the police are gathering but also the kind of tools that the police use (simple search machine versus an advanced web crawler).
De digitale schandpaal: opsporingsberichtgeving in een gedigitaliseerde samenleving
Authors: Vanderveen Gabry , Samadi Mojan
Published: July 2018

The digital pillory: police and prosecutorial appeals for information and wanted notices in a digitalized society

In the context of criminal investigations police and prosecution can appeal to the public for information to further their case. This decision cannot be taken lightly and requires a balancing exercise between the rights of the suspect (and other people involved), specifically the right to privacy, the interest of criminal investigations, such as the identification of the suspect or witnesses, and public pressure to fight crime.

In the current digital society, the prosecutor can choose between a wide range of (new) media and modes of communication to ask for information. Next to wanted notices on paper posters and broadcasts on television, appeals for information are published on websites, social media platforms, apps and digital screens. Citizens can modify and share these appeals and they can comment on them. This necessitates careful consideration by the prosecutor on whether and how to appeal for information. After all, these appeals could lead to DIY-policing or online vigilantism (digilantism), leading to infringements on the right to privacy and even possibly to misidentification of suspects.

This article contributes to the continuing debate. We describe the legal framework the prosecution has to take into account in such cases. The importance of a considered decision is illustrated by three cases in which judicial authorities appealed to the public for help in the criminal investigations, resulting in massive (media) attention and consequently affecting the eventual criminal case against the defendants. In two of these cases the prosecutorial decision to involve the public’s help resulted in a violation of the defendants’ rights to privacy and consequently had to be remedied by the court. Both cases led to social, legal and political debate about the balance between privacy and crime control.
The Dual-use of Drones
Authors: Novitzky Peter , Kokkeler Ben , Verbeek Peter-Paul
Published: July 2018

Het dubbele gebruik van drones

Drones en drone-gerelateerde cybertechnologieën nemen een vlucht in het veiligheidsdomein in de vorm van toepassingen door het leger, de politie, brandweer, private beveiligingsbedrijven, en ook deurwaarders, agrariërs en burgerinitiatieven. Drones werden in eerste instantie ontwikkeld voor militaire doeleinden. Hun aanpassingsvermogen als universele platforms voor beeldregistratie en goederenvervoer leidt tot hoge verwachtingen rond toepassing in het civiele domein. Dit artikel onderzoekt de ethische aspecten van “dual use” van drones en gerelateerde technologieën. Verschillende dimensies van dual use worden verkend: de technologisch ontwikkeling, maar ook de ontwikkeling van wet- en regelgeving in Amerika en Europa. Voor het Nederlandse veiligheidsdomein is relevant dat dit artikel bijdraagt aan het signaleren van de noodzaak om de ontwikkeling en toepassing van drones in breder perspectief te bezien. Drones en hun toepassingen maken deel uit van de internationale markt van militaire organisaties en van veiligheidsorganisaties in het publieke en private domein. Bovendien maken ze veelal deel uit van geïntegreerde systemen en van wereldwijde platforms voor consumentenelektronica. Dit artikel is een van de resultaten uit het door NWO gefinancierde project 'Responsible Design of Drones and Drone Services: Towards an Ethical and Juridical Tool For Drone Design and Risk Assessment' (Project no. 313-99-318). Het project was gericht op het ontwikkelen van een instrument voor ontwikkeling en gebruik van dronetoepassingen uitgaande van methoden als Responsible Research & Innovation (RRI) en Value Sensitive Design (VSD).
Neonatal Fc receptor (FcRn) – not only transporter of maternal IgG
Authors: Mikulska Joanna E.
Published: July 2018

The neonatal Fc receptor, (FcRn) is a transmembrane, heterodimeric glycoprotein with a structure similar to MHC class I molecules. In contrast to MHC class I antigens, FcRn does not bind to peptides (antigens) but interacts with the Fc fragment of IgG and albumin. The FcRn-IgG interaction as well as the FcRn-albumin interaction occur at acidic pH (optimally at pH 5.0-6.5) but not in physiological environment. These two ligands bind to distinct binding sites on the receptor molecule and by different mechanisms. Now, it is known that the expression of FcRn is not restricted to sites involved in the transport of maternal IgG, and this receptor is not responsible only for transfer the passive immunity from mother to the offspring. But FcRn has a much broader range of expression and function, throughout life and in many different cell types and tissues of humans and animals. This review summarizes the status of our knowledge on the expression, interaction with ligands and functions of the neonatal Fc receptor. This article shows also the possibilities of utilizing a current knowledge on FcRn for therapeutic purposes.
Multi-objective optimization of traffic signal timing using non-dominated sorting artificial bee colony algorithm for unsaturated intersections
Authors: Zhao Hongxing , He Ruichun , Su Jiangsheng
Published: July 2018

Vehicle delay and stops at intersections are considered targets for optimizing signal timing for an isolated intersection to overcome the limitations of the linear combination and single objective optimization method. A multi-objective optimization model of a fixed-time signal control parameter of unsaturated intersections is proposed under the constraint of the saturation level of approach and signal time range. The signal cycle and green time length of each phase were considered decision variables, and a non-dominated sorting artificial bee colony (ABC) algorithm was used to solve the multi-objective optimization model. A typical intersection in Lanzhou City was used for the case study. Experimental results showed that a single-objective optimization method degrades other objectives when the optimized objective reaches an optimal value. Moreover, a reasonable balance of vehicle delay and stops must be achieved to flexibly adjust the signal cycle in a reasonable range. The convergence is better in the non-dominated sorting ABC algorithm than in non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm II, Webster timing, and weighted combination methods. The proposed algorithm can solve the Pareto front of a multi-objective problem, thereby improving the vehicle delay and stops simultaneously.
Celastrol Attenuates Intrahepatic Cholestasis of Pregnancy by Inhibiting Matrix Metalloproteinases-2 and 9
Authors: Guo Junjun , Wang Yong , Wang Na , Bai Yulai , Shi Dandan
Published: July 2018

Introduction and aim. Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and MMP-9 are reported to participate in several pregnancy-related diseases, including intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP), which is a severe liver disorder in pregnant women. Meanwhile, ample evidences have demonstrated that celastrol inhibits the activity and expression of MMPs. The present study aims to examine the effect of celastrol to alleviate symptoms of ICP in rat model. Material and methods. By inducing ICP with 17 - ethinylestradiol in pregnant female rats, we assessed the impact of celastrol administration on symptoms of ICP, such as the rate of bile flow, the level of total bile acids (TBA), and the activities of MMP-2 and -9. Furthermore, the correlations between the levels of MMPs with the examined ICP symptoms were investigated. Results. In rats with ICP, both MMP-2 and -9 exhibited significantly elevated activities, which were inhibited by the administration of celastrol. Furthermore, ICP symptoms such as bile flow rate and total TBA were restored by celastrol. Lastly, there were strong correlations between levels of the two MMPs and TBA.
Conclusion. Our findings described for the first time the effects of celastrol to attenuate ICP symptoms through an inhibition of both MMP-2 and -9, providing evidence for a potential role of celastrol as a new drug for the treatment of ICP.
Moving Toward a Systematic Approach for Reporting Salivary Gland Cytopathology: An Institutional Experience and Literature Review
Authors: Luo Xunda , Jhala Nirag , Khurana Jasvir S. , Fundakowski Christopher , Jhala Darshana N. , Wang He
Published: July 2018

Context.—

Despite the clinical utility of fine-needle aspiration for the diagnosis of salivary pathologies, salivary lesions remain one of the most challenging areas in cytopathology. This is partially because there is no consensus on how to report salivary gland cytopathology, which has resulted in inconsistent terminology among institutions and individual cytopathologists and in confusion in communication among cytopathologists and ordering providers.

Objective.—

To summarize our experience with an institutional salivary gland cytopathology reporting system, as an initiative to promote collaborative work toward a consensus on a reporting system.

Design.—

We developed an empirical 6-tier classification reporting system. Slides of 107 salivary gland fine-needle aspirations with subsequent histology slides were reviewed and reclassified using the 6-tier system. The performance of the cytology reporting system was evaluated with the histology diagnoses serving as the gold standard.

Results.—

Fine-needle aspiration diagnoses made based on the institutional 6-tier classification system were generally consistent with histology diagnoses for the disease spectrum reported in this study. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value for diagnosing malignancies with the system were 86% (12 of 14), 93% (40 of 43), 80% (12 of 15), and 95% (40 of 42), respectively. The risk of malignancy increased from 0% (0 of 13) for negative for neoplasm to 7% (2 of 29) for benign neoplasm, 67% (2 of 3) for suspicious for malignancy, and 83% (10 of 12) for positive for malignancy.

Conclusions.—

The institutional 6-tier system provides a succinct, risk-of-malignancy–based system to report salivary gland cytology. Our experience with this system helps to pave the way for the adoption of the Milan System for Reporting Salivary Gland Cytopathology.
Competencia digital en futuros docentes de Ciencias Sociales en Educación Primaria: análisis desde el modelo TPACK
Authors: Colomer Rubio Juan Carlos , Sáiz Serrano Jorge , Bel Martínez Juan Carlos
Published: July 2018

El presente estudio describe la competencia
digital en el tratamiento de contenidos
de Ciencias Sociales de futuros maestros.
Para ello se recurre al TPACK (TechnologicalPedagogical
Content Knowledge) y se
analizan los resultados de un cuestionario
sobre las concepciones al respecto de
153 estudiantes del Grado de Magisterio
en Educación Primaria. Las conclusiones
confirman un mayor autoconocimiento de
contenidos pedagógicos o tecnológicos,
frente a los disciplinares, lo que imposibilita,
siguiendo la aplicación del modelo,
el desarrollo de una competencia digital
docente efectiva para el desarrollo de una
didáctica crítica en Ciencias Sociales.
Jovens, consciência histórica e avaliação da aprendizagem: o caso do Exame Nacional do Ensino Médio no Brasil entre 2009/2015
Authors: Schmidt Maria Auxiliadora , Fronza Marcelo
Published: July 2018

La investigación abarca el análisis cualitativo
de los contenidos de las pruebas del
área de Ciencias Humanas y sus Tecnologías,
del ENEM - Examen Nacional de la
Enseñanza Media, en Brasil, en el período
entre 2009 y 2015, momento en que hubo
una reformulación en este examen que selecciona
jóvenes estudiantes para ingreso
en todas las universidades brasileñas. Se
adoptó la metodología de investigación
cualitativa de estudio en el caso y la perspectiva
del análisis de contenido en la investigación
bibliográfica y documental. Los
análisis indican la proposición de la organización
del conocimiento histórico a partir
de dos ejes: la contextualización y la interdisciplinaridad,
así como la predominancia
de la concepción del aprendizaje histórico
basada en el desarrollo de competencias.

Con referencia a la concepción de aprendizaje
pautada en la teoría de la conciencia
histórica, se ha tomado como foco el eje
de la contextualización y su articulación
con la concepción de competencias asumida
en esos documentos, fundamentada
en la concepción de aprendizaje situada
(Stein, 1995) no revelando una concepción
de cognición histórica situada en la ciencia
de la historia, expresada bajo la forma de
conceptos sustantivos y conceptos de segundo
orden. Además, la categoría contextualización,
según lo entendido en los documentos,
se limita a orientar la propuesta
de enseñanza y aprendizaje de la historia
para la relación con la vida cotidiana, en
la perspectiva del “pratiquismo”, sin tener
en cuenta la necesidad de que el aprendizaje
histórico se supone que la atribución
de significados y sentidos por los sujetos a
la relación pasada, presente y futura, así
como su relación con la vida práctica en la
perspectiva de la praxis, teniendo en vista
la formación de la conciencia histórica, según
entendida en la perspectiva del pensamiento
de Pablo Freire y Jörn Rüsen.
Imágenes experienciales y foto-elicitación en la formación del profesorado
Authors: Bautista García-Vera Antonio , Rayón Rumayor Laura , De las Heras Cuenca Ana María
Published: July 2018

El presente artículo versa sobre el papel
que cumple la fotografía en el desarrollo
profesional de docentes en ejercicio. Se
exponen los primeros resultados del pro-
yecto de investigación llevado a cabo con
tres maestras y una directora de tres CEIP,
durante dos cursos académicos. Las profe-
soras utilizan la fotografía para representar
sus principales preocupaciones, dilemas
profesionales y situaciones relevantes que
observan en su día a día. Cuestiones que,
posteriormente, fueron puestas en común
y debatidas en el equipo de trabajo me-
diante sesiones de foto-elicitación. El refe-
rente teórico que fundamenta este estudio
es que la reflexión en torno a la práctica
en el aula de un docente hace emerger su
posicionamiento profesional, su conoci-
miento teórico-práctico y las emociones
que experimentan. Se analiza y discute la

relación existente entre la imagen mental
de las maestras en dichas situaciones y
cómo la materializan mediante fotografías.
En los resultados se muestra el papel rele-
vante que tienen las figuras retóricas, en
especial la metonimia, para entender el
proceso semiótico de conceptualización
y significación de objetos y eventos de la
realidad vivida en las aulas y su represena-
ción fotográfica. Pero además, el análisis
y deliberación durante la foto-elicitación
sobre las imágenes tomadas, ha permitido
que las docentes lleven a cabo un proceso
deliberativo y de reasignación de signifi-
cados sobre su acción en las aulas que, a
su vez, conlleva una cambio y transforma-
ción de su práctica docente que, en buena
medida, es un aspecto clave de su desa-
rrollo profesional.
Transposing Proper Names in Frank McCourt’s Memoir Angela’s Ashes from English into Maltese
Authors: Grima Kenneth
Published: July 2018

This paper focuses on the transposition from English into Maltese of the various proper names encountered in Frank McCourt’s memoirAngela’s Ashes(Chapter 1). To achieve this aim, an extended practical translation exercise by the author himself is used. Eight different categories of proper names were identified in the source-text ranging from common people names to nicknames, titles and forms of address. Four different categories of cross-cultural transposition of proper names were considered, although only two were actually used. Various translation strategies were adopted ranging from non-translation to modification, depending on whether the particular proper name has a ‘conventional’ meaning or a culturally ‘loaded’ meaning. Although cultural losses were unavoidable, cultural gains were also experienced. Wherever possible, the original proper names were preserved to avoid any change in meaning and interference in their functionality as cultural markers. Moreover, a semantic creative translation was preferred, especially with proper names that were culturally and semantically loaded to reduce the amount of processing effort required by the target-reader and to minimize the cultural losses of relevant contextual and cultural implications in the target-text.
Émile Nelligan en espagnol : quatre versions latino-américaines d’un même « soir d’hiver »
Authors: Stratford Madeleine
Published: July 2018

Émile Nelligan est un des plus grands auteurs de la poésie québécoise, symbole du « poète maudit ». De tous les membres de l’École de Montréal, il est le plus traduit en espagnol. Éditées au Mexique dès les années 1980, les premières versions sont rééditées, révisées et augmentées à la fin des années 1990. En outre, deux anthologies mexicaines et une espagnole publient une sélection traduite entre 1996 et 2002. Mis en musique et inclus dans de nombreux manuels, Soir d’hiver constitue l’un des plus grands « classiques » nelliganiens. À ce jour, nous en avons répertorié quatre versions espagnoles : une de Marco Antonio Campos (éditée d’abord en 1989, puis en 1999), une de Lorenza Fernández del Valle et Juan Carvajal (1996), une de Benjamín Valdivia (2002) et une dernière de Miguel Frontán (non datée, sur le Web). Curieusement, aucune d’entre elles ne reproduit, à première vue, le schéma métrique ou rimique du poème original. Pourtant, l’un des traducteurs prétend avoir apporté une grande attention à la « musique » des vers, quitte à en sacrifier le sens. Cette étude déterminera sous quel angle les traducteurs ont abordé l’aspect sonore du poème, en comparant les caractéristiques phoniques des retraductions et leurs effets en regard de la « trame sonore » originale.
Pre-post synaptic alignment through neuroligin-1 tunes synaptic transmission efficiency
Authors: Haas Kalina T , Compans Benjamin , Letellier Mathieu , Bartol Thomas M , Grillo-Bosch Dolors , Sejnowski Terrence J , Sainlos Matthieu , Choquet Daniel , Thoumine Olivier , Hosy Eric
Published: July 2018

The nanoscale organization of neurotransmitter receptors regarding pre-synaptic release sites is a fundamental determinant of the synaptic transmission amplitude and reliability. How modifications in the pre- and post-synaptic machinery alignments affects synaptic currents, has only been addressed with computer modelling. Using single molecule super-resolution microscopy, we found a strong spatial correlation between AMPA receptor (AMPAR) nanodomains and the post-synaptic adhesion protein neuroligin-1 (NLG1). Expression of a truncated form of NLG1 disrupted this correlation without affecting the intrinsic AMPAR organization, shifting the pre-synaptic release machinery away from AMPAR nanodomains. Electrophysiology in dissociated and organotypic hippocampal rodent cultures shows these treatments significantly decrease AMPAR-mediated miniature and EPSC amplitudes. Computer modelling predicts that ~100 nm lateral shift between AMPAR nanoclusters and glutamate release sites induces a significant reduction in AMPAR-mediated currents. Thus, our results suggest the synapses necessity to release glutamate precisely in front of AMPAR nanodomains, to maintain a high synaptic responses efficiency.
Functional heterogeneity within the rodent lateral orbitofrontal cortex dissociates outcome devaluation and reversal learning deficits
Authors: Panayi Marios C , Killcross Simon
Published: July 2018

The orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) is critical for updating reward-directed behaviours flexibly when outcomes are devalued or when task contingencies are reversed. Failure to update behaviour in outcome devaluation and reversal learning procedures are considered canonical deficits following OFC lesions in non-human primates and rodents. We examined the generality of these findings in rodents using lesions of the rodent lateral OFC (LO) in instrumental action-outcome and Pavlovian cue-outcome devaluation procedures. LO lesions disrupted outcome devaluation in Pavlovian but not instrumental procedures. Furthermore, although both anterior and posterior LO lesions disrupted Pavlovian outcome devaluation, only posterior LO lesions were found to disrupt reversal learning. Posterior but not anterior LO lesions were also found to disrupt the attribution of motivational value to Pavlovian cues in sign-tracking. These novel dissociable task- and subregion-specific effects suggest a way to reconcile contradictory findings between rodent and non-human primate OFC research.
Decoupling the impact of microRNAs on translational repression versus RNA degradation in embryonic stem cells
Authors: Freimer Jacob W , Hu TJ , Blelloch Robert
Published: July 2018

Translation and mRNA degradation are intimately connected, yet the mechanisms that link them are not fully understood. Here, we studied these mechanisms in embryonic stem cells (ESCs). Transcripts showed a wide range of stabilities, which correlated with their relative translation levels and that did not change during early ESC differentiation. The protein DHH1 links translation to mRNA stability in yeast; however, loss of the mammalian homolog, DDX6, in ESCs did not disrupt the correlation across transcripts. Instead, the loss of DDX6 led to upregulated translation of microRNA targets, without concurrent changes in mRNA stability. The Ddx6 knockout cells were phenotypically and molecularly similar to cells lacking all microRNAs (Dgcr8 knockout ESCs). These data show that the loss of DDX6 can separate the two canonical functions of microRNAs: translational repression and transcript destabilization. Furthermore, these data uncover a central role for translational repression independent of transcript destabilization in defining the downstream consequences of microRNA loss.
In vitroactivities of antifungals alone and in combination with tigecycline againstCandida albicansbiofilms
Authors: Hacioglu Mayram , Birteksoz Tan Ayse Seher , Dosler Sibel , Inan Nese , Otuk Gulten
Published: July 2018

Background

Candidamay form biofilms, which are thought to underlie the most recalcitrant infections.

Methods

In this study, activities of antifungal agents alone and in combination with tigecycline against planktonic cells and mature and developing biofilms ofCandida albicansisolates were evaluated.

Results

Amphotericin B and echinocandins were found to be the most effective agents against mature biofilms, whereas the least effective agent was fluconazole. Furthermore, the most effective anti-fungal monotherapies against biofilm formation were amphotericin B and anidulafungin, and the least effective monotherapy was itraconazole. The combination of tigecycline and amphotericin B yielded synergistic effects, whereas combinations containing itraconazole yielded antagonist effects against planktonic cells. The combination of tigecycline and caspofungin exhibited maximum efficacy against mature biofilms, whereas combinations containing itraconazole exhibited minimal effects. Combinations of tigecycline with amphotericin B or anidulafungin were highly effective againstC. albicansbiofilm formation.

Discussion

In summary, tigecycline was highly active againstC. albicansparticularly when combined with amphotericin B and echinocandins.
Development of a clinical skills remediation program for chiropractic students at a university
Authors: Lady Suzanne D. , Takaki Leslie A.K.
Published: July 2018

Objective:

An important goal of chiropractic educational institutions is to ensure that all graduates reach an acceptable level of clinical competency and thus institutions are equipped to offer traceable remediation when skills fall below certain benchmarks.

Methods:

Working with key individuals in the faculty, administration, and assessment department, a process of remediation was created and materials were produced that could be used by faculty and assessment staff to focus on a student's lack of knowledge, technique, or documentation in specific clinical skill areas. The primary goal was to create an individualized remediation plan that suits the specific needs of the student.

Results:

Utilization of the remediation center continues to increase. Referrals to the center for fiscal years 2015, 2016, and 2017 were 60, 125, and 126 students, respectively. Retesting rates after remediation continue to be high, with 98.3%, 95.2%, and 95.8% for fiscal years 2015, 2016, and 2017, respectively.

Conclusion:

We developed and implemented a chiropractic remediation program to satisfy the need for objectively identifying and remediating clinical skill deficiencies. This remediation program experienced an increase in use in its initial 3 years of operation, indicating more inclusion of the program across the departments, clinics, and assessment. The outcome of remediation is still not clear because there are no consistent assessment measures in place to determine pre- and postremediation student performance.
The Links between Innovative Behavior and Strategic Thinking
Authors: Gross Raushan
Published: July 2018

This research presents a frontier analysis, linking two previously separate constructs that cut across many organizational functions: innovative behavior and strategic thinking. Strategic thinking is often viewed prima facie, as a dynamic capability and is used as a competitive apparatus; the factors that influence this mode of thinking have rarely been questioned. This study advances theory by quantitatively testing the effect of innovative behavior’s on strategic thinking from the organizational perspective. Data was gathered from 100 respondents and subjected to hierarchical regression analysis while controlling for age, gender, and years on the job. The final analysis suggests that innovative behavior has a positive and significant impact on the strategic thinking of individuals and groups.

Keywords: Innovative Behavior, Strategic Thinking, Management, Organizational Theory

To cite this document: Raushan Gross, "The Links between Innovative Behavior and Strategic Thinking", Contemporary Management Research, Vol.13, No.4, pp. 239-254, 2017.

Permanent link to this document:
http://dx.doi.org/10.7903/cmr.18056
Risk Factors for Low Back Pain: A Population‐Based Longitudinal Study
Authors: Shiri Rahman , Falah‐Hassani Kobra , Heliövaara Markku , Solovieva Svetlana , Amiri Sohrab , Lallukka Tea , Burdorf Alex , Husgafvel‐Pursiainen Kirsti , Viikari‐Juntura Eira
Published: July 2018

Objective

To identify risk factors for low back pain (LBP) and lumbar radicular pain and to assess whether obesity and exposure to workload factors modify the effect of leisure‐time physical activity on LBP and lumbar radicular pain.

Methods

The population of this 11‐year longitudinal study consists of a nationally representative sample of Finns ages ≥30 years (n = 3,505). The outcomes of the study were LBP and lumbar radicular pain for >7 days or for >30 days in the past 12 months at follow‐up.

Results

LBP and lumbar radicular pain were more common in women than in men. LBP slightly declined with increasing age, while lumbar radicular pain increased with age. Abdominal obesity (defined by waist circumference) increased the risk of LBP (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 1.40 [95% confidence interval (95% CI) 1.16–1.68] for LBP >7 days and adjusted OR 1.41 [95% CI 1.13–1.76] for LBP >30 days) and general obesity (defined by body mass index) increased the risk of lumbar radicular pain (adjusted OR 1.44 [95% CI 1.12–1.85] for pain >7 days and adjusted OR 1.62 [95% CI 1.16–2.26] for pain >30 days). Smoking and strenuous physical work increased the risk of both LBP and lumbar radicular pain. Walking or cycling to work reduced the risk of LBP, particularly LBP for >30 days (adjusted OR 0.75 [95% CI 0.59–0.95]), with the largest reductions among nonabdominally obese individuals and among those not exposed to physical workload factors. Using vibrating tools increased the risk of lumbar radicular pain.

Conclusion

Lifestyle and physical workload factors increase the risk of LBP and lumbar radicular pain. Walking and cycling may have preventive potential for LBP.