bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Protection of Information From the Influence of Noise on the Transmission of Video Data in a Geoinformation System
Authors: Galan Olga
Published: November 2019

The chapter describes parallel-hierarchical technologies that are characterized by a high degree of parallelism, high performance, noise immunity, parallel-hierarchical mode of transmission and processing of information. The peculiarities of the design of automated geoinformation and energy systems on the basis of parallel-hierarchical technologies and modified confidential method of Q-transformation of information are presented. Experimental analysis showed the advantages of the proposed methods of image processing and extraction of characteristic features.
Identification System for Moving Objects Based on Parallel Shift Technology
Authors: Yuzhakov Sergey , Bilan Stepan Mykolayovych
Published: November 2019

There are tasks of automatic identification of the moving stock of the railway, one of which is the automatic identification of rail cars cars by their number plates. Different organizational, legal, moral and ethical, technical, and programmatic methods of automated identification are used to solve this problem. At present little attention is paid to the development of means of automatic identification of moving objects, which would be possible regardless of the orientation and shape of the figure, especially if it concerns the recognition of freely oriented images of number plates. Therefore, many new methods for recognizing of number plates are developing. In the chapter, the system of identification of objects by their number plates in real time is considered. On moving objects (moving stock of a railway), an identifier image is drawn, which is an ordered set of characters. As a rule, these are numbers. But there may be other characters. The work also discusses the method of identification images of number plates with a high percentage of noise.
Decision-Making Method Based on Neutrosophic Soft Expert Graphs
Authors: Uluçay Vakkas , Şahin Memet
Published: November 2019

This chapter defines the concept of neutrosophic soft expert graph. The authors have established a link between graphs and neutrosophic soft expert sets. Basic operations of neutrosophic soft expert graphs such as union, intersection, and complement are defined here. The concept of neutrosophic soft expert soft graph is also discussed in this chapter. The new concept is called neutrosophic soft expert graph-based multi-criteria decision-making method (NSEGMCDM, for short). Finally, an illustrative example is given, and a comparison analysis is conducted between the proposed approach and other existing methods to verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the developed approach.
New Algorithms for Hamiltonian Cycle Under Interval Neutrosophic Environment
Authors: Pillai Nagarajan Deivanayagam , Malayalan Lathamaheswari , Broumi Said , Smarandache Florentin , Jacob Kavikumar
Published: November 2019

A cycle passing through all the vertices exactly once in a graph is a Hamiltonian cycle (HC). In the field of network system, HC plays a vital role as it covers all the vertices in the system. If uncertainty exists on the vertices and edges, then that can be solved by considering fuzzy Hamiltonian cycle. Further, if indeterminacy also exist, then that issue can be dealt efficiently by having neutrosophic Hamiltonian cycle. In computer science applications, objects may not be a crisp one as it has uncertainty and indeterminacy in nature. Hence, new algorithms have been designed to find interval neutrosophic Hamiltonian cycle using adjacency matrix and the minimum degree of a vertex. This chapter also applied the proposed concept in a network system.
Evaluation of Determinants of Software Quality in Offshored Software Projects
Authors: Kannabiran Ganesan , Sankaran K.
Published: November 2019

Successful offshoring engagements of Indian software vendors is increasingly dependent upon the quality of the projects delivered rather than cost considerations. However, delivering quality software is reliant on effective management of various organizational, technological and people aspects. This research is to identify and evaluate the determinants of quality on software projects delivered by vendors through offshoring. Data related to recently completed projects were collected through a survey of 440 project managers from Indian vendors. Based on structural equation modeling, the authors analyze the influence determinants on specific product quality attributes. It is found that, out of six determinants, technical infrastructure and process maturity have significant influence on most of the attributes of quality in offshored IS projects from India. The authors provide a set of implications for practice and directions for further research.
2-3-Year-Old Children and the Use of Smart Devices
Authors: Kalnina Daiga , Kalnins Armands
Published: November 2019

In order to find out how 2–3-year-old children use smart devices and what the impact on children's development is, a systematic analysis of literature has been performed. Articles published in the EBSCOhost database during the period 2009–2019 have been selected for the analysis. They deal with studies focusing on 2–3-year-old children and the use of smart devices. The studies describe how 2–3-year-old children use touchscreen devices, as well as summarizing the benefits and risks of using touchscreen devices in the early years. It is concluded that the studies conducted are rather similar regarding form and content. Children use touchscreen devices for similar purposes and with similar time limits. Children under the age of two should not use smartphones and tablets; in turn, 2–3-year-old children should not be denied the technologies, though there should be awareness that use of the smartphone or tablet, along with positive benefits, also creates risks.
A Framework for Managing Big Data in Enterprise Organizations
Authors: Ahmed Youssef , Medhat Walaa , El Shishtawi Tarek
Published: November 2019

Big Data management is trending research that seeks to find a framework that will give support to decision makers in governments and enterprises organizations. For the rapid growth of data, dealing with Big Data with respect to management and finding new values has drawn attention recently. Strategies should be established together with the goals, vision, and objectives of an organization to manage Big Data. Big data management frameworks are the main components for the implementation of Big Data service. Many organizations that deals with Big Data have three critical problems, how to manage Big Data, how can Big Data create new values reference to its strategies and business needs, and how it can take the correct decision in the correct time. In this article, the authors propose a Big Data management framework that will handle all Big Data operation beginning with collecting data until making analysis and how new value can be created. The proposed framework also takes care of other factors such as organization strategies, governance, and security.
Smart Tourism Empowered by Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Ferràs Xavier , Hitchen Emma Louise , Tarrats-Pons Elisenda , Arimany-Serrat Nuria
Published: November 2019

Artificial intelligence (AI) is changing the rules of the game in many industries. This case details how the combination of open innovation and artificial intelligence generates new opportunities in the tourism sector. Specifically, how to create new customer experiences through searching tools, social platforms and cognitive interfaces to make intelligent decisions. The authors show that it is possible to increase tourist satisfaction by offering a set of customized activities and experiences according to their personal characteristics and motivations. The combination of cutting-edge digital technologies makes it possible to design new services in an automated and cost-affordable manner. The experience has been carried out in Lanzarote (Canary Islands, Spain), with support of IBM's Watson system. This is a good example of AI-fueled innovation in services, which is adequate for courses on innovation, technology, entrepreneurship and competitive strategy.
Trust, Risk and Alternative Website Quality in B-Buyer Acceptance of Cross-Border E-Commerce
Authors: Mou Jian , Cui Yi , Kurcz Kerry
Published: November 2019

Cross-border e-commerce (CBEC) has become an imperative mode for global trade. Research on cross-border e-commerce historically focuses mainly on the customer's behavior intention to purchase on a CBEC platform. However, B-buyers are more important compared with C-buyers for CBEC platforms. This is because B-buyers can contribute more gross merchandise volume (GMV) in a CBEC platform, and thus more margin for the firm. The authors apply trust transfer theory, perceived risk, and alternative website quality to study repurchase intention, focusing on B-buyers. The results show that perceived risk, trust in provider, and trust in the website affect repurchase intention significantly, where trust in website is found to be the most important factor. In addition, the authors found that the dimensions of perceived risk in CBEC context can be classified as the following: customer duties risk, confiscation risk, delivery risk, financial risk, and privacy risk. The contributions of the study are addressed lastly.
Effects of Glass Fines on the Geotechnical Properties of Cement Stabilized Lateritic Soil
Authors: Adedokun Solomon I. , Oluremi Johnson R. , Obebe Damilare S.
Published: November 2019

Effect of glass fines and cement as a composite mixture on the geotechnical properties of a poor lateritic soil obtained from a borrow pit at Aroje, Ogbomoso, Nigeria was investigated as a reuse method of managing wasted glass. Glass fines up to 12% at intervals of 4% by mass of the soil sample were added to the lateritic soil stabilized with cement of 0, 2, 4, and 6% by mass of the soil sample. Sieve analysis, Atterberg limit, British Standard (BS) Compaction, California Bearing Ratio (CBR) and Unconfined Compressive Strength (UCS) tests were conducted on the stabilized soil specimens. Results showed that Liquid Limit (LL), Plastic Limit (PL) and Plasticity Index (PI) decreased while compaction and UCS of the lateritic soil increased from 0 to 8% addition of glass fines. The CBR of the soil increased continuously from 0 to 12% glass contents. However, addition of cement increased the LL and PI while it decreased the PL between 0 and 4% but increased beyond this range. The compaction, UCS and CBR of the stabilized soil increased significantly with increasing cement content. Hence, the soil can be stabilized with the addition of 8% glass fines and 6% cement content to be used as improved subgrade material for construction of light trafficked pavement.
Vitamin D Practice Patterns in National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I Collegiate Athletics Programs
Authors: Rockwell Michelle , Hulver Matthew , Eugene Ernest
Published: November 2019

Context

Vitamin D status has been associated with performance, health, and well-being in athletic populations. The measurement of vitamin D status via 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] testing has increased in the general population, as has vitamin D supplement use. It is unclear if similar patterns exist in collegiate athletics programs.

Objective

To describe the clinical care related to the prevention, evaluation, and treatment of vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency used by sports medicine providers with National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I programs.

Design

Cross-sectional study.

Setting

Population-based online survey.

Patients or Other Participants

All NCAA Division I head athletic trainers.

Main Outcome Measure(s)

Information related to 25(OH)D testing, vitamin D supplementation, vitamin D–related protocols and procedures, and characteristics of athletic programs and participants.

Results

We received 249 responses (72% response rate). Use of 25(OH)D testing was described by 68% of participants, with the most common indicators being health status/history (78%) and injury status/history (74%). One-fifth of participants stated that vitamin D testing was conducted as screening (without a specific cause or indication). Target blood vitamin D concentrations were highly variable. A range of 8 to 1660 annual vitamin D blood tests was reported at a cost of <$50 (8%), $51 to $100 (51%), $101 to $150 (20%), and >$150 (10%). Forty-two percent of programs covered the cost of vitamin D supplements. More than half of the participants indicated that vitamin D blood testing and supplements were not a good use of program funds. In comparison with Football Championship Subdivision programs, Football Bowl Subdivision programs were more likely to conduct vitamin D testing and pay for vitamin D supplements, and their providers were more likely to believe that testing and supplements were a good use of program funds.

Conclusions

A great deal of variability was present in vitamin D–related clinical practices among NCAA Division I athletics programs, which reflects existing contradictions and uncertainty in research, recommendations, and guidelines. Knowledge of current practice patterns is important in evaluating and establishing best practices, policies, and procedures for sports medicine and sports nutrition professionals in the collegiate setting.
Impact of Prior Cancer History on the Clinical Outcomes in Advanced Breast Cancer: A Propensity Score–Adjusted, Population-Based Study
Authors: Lin Caijin , Wu Jiayi , Ding Shuning , Goh Chihwan , Andriani Lisa , Shen Kunwei , Zhu Li
Published: November 2019

PurposeDespite the rapid growing of cancer survivors, prior cancer history is a commonly adopted exclusion criterion. Whether prior cancer will impact the survival of patients with advanced breast cancer (ABC) remains uncertain.Materials and MethodsPatients with ABC diagnosed between 2004 and 2010 were identified using Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. Timing, stage, and type were used to characterize prior cancer. Multivariable analyses using propensity score–adjusted Cox regression and competing risk regression were conducted to evaluate the prognostic effect of prior cancer on overall survival (OS) and breast cancer-specific survival (BCSS).ResultsA total of 14,176 ABC patients were identified, of whom 10.5% carried a prior cancer history. The most common type of prior cancer was female genital cancer (32.4%); more than half (51.7%) were diagnosed at localized stage; most were diagnosed more than 5 years (42.9%) or less than 1 year (28.3%) prior to the index cancer. In multivariate analyses, patients with prior cancer presented a slightly worse OS (hazard ratio, 1.18; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.07 to 1.30; p=0.001) but a better BCSS (subdistribution hazard ratio, 0.64; 95% CI, 0.56 to 0.74; p < 0.001). In subset analyses, no survival detriment was observed in patients with prior malignancy from head and neck or endocrine system, at in situ or localized stage, or diagnosed more than 4 years.ConclusionPrior cancer provides an inferior OS but a superior BCSS for patients with ABC. It does not affect the survival adversely in some subgroups and these patients should not be excluded from clinical trials.
LA SABIDURÍA TRÁGICA Y LA FRAGILIDAD DE LA DEMOCRACIA
Authors: Herrreras Maldonado Enrique
Published: November 2019

Un desasosiego remueve la filosofía política en los últimos años. Ha aumentado la preocupación por la democracia, ya que son cada vez más las voces que señalan una crisis de este modelo político tanto en el ámbito teórico, como el práctico, como es el hecho de la propensión cada vez mayor de una polarización del jugo político, aparte de la aparición de propuestas políticas racistas y excluyentes que tienen una resonancia cada vez mayor en los votantes, algo impensable hace unos años. Son muchos los motivos para haber llegado a esta situación, como las desigualdades que se han multiplicado después de la crisis del 2008, así como la percepción de las malas prácticas de las élites políticas y económicas, y de la incapacidad de suministrar políticas acertadas. También ha habido una decepción de la democracia al descubrir su vulnerabilidad. Pero uno de los problemas es que nos olvidamos que cuando hablamos de democracia lo hacemos de dos significados a la vez: la democracia real y la democracia ideal, la que queremos aspirar. Porque lo peor que le puede ocurrir a la democracia es que pensemos que ya la hemos conquistado. La democracia no es érgon, un producto acabado, sino que es constitutivamente enérgeia, la permanente acción de producirla…” Es sintomático que en el mundo moderno la tragedia pugne a abrirse camino. Por ello, parece pertinente reinterpretar los mitos trágicos que provienen de la Grecia antigua, así como las de autores como Shakespeare, y cuyo eje es el conflicto. Martha Nussbaum nos exhorta a reflexionar sobre los “conflictos morales” que propone la tragedia. Unos conflictos que, desde una perspectiva racional, como la de Sócrates, se solucionarían descubriendo cuál es la opción correcta. Pero la tragedia se mantiene en la complejidad de las “apariencias”, de la elección práctica vivida, o, en una pluralidad de valores y la posibilidad de que surjan conflictos ente ellos. La tragedia no solo pregunta, sino que hace de la falta de respuestas la razón fundamental de su existencia. Preguntas no solo sociales o políticas, sino, sin fractura alguna, preguntas inscritas en la existencia individual. El conflicto entre las razones personales y las razones políticas se producen en un mismo plano. He ahí la sabiduría trágica ante la fragilidad de la democracia.
Experiencia didáctica de artes plásticas en Guinea Ecuatorial
Authors: Kondrashova Sayko Yelena
Published: November 2019

Este trabajo parte del testimonio de mi experiencia didáctica de un taller de artes plásticas en el Centro cultural de España en Malabo, Guinea Ecuatorial, realizado entre los meses febrero y abril de 2019. Se trata de un proyecto personal de enseñanza de técnicas gráficas en torno al retrato como hilo conductor y la maestría de conceptos y técnicas básicas para formar capacidades plásticas y expresivas de los alumnos. La especificidad del país donde transcurre el taller consiste en su situación sociopolítica y vinculación reciente a España, en la ausencia de enseñanzas artísticas regladas como tales,  y la extrema dificultad al acceso a los materiales y a fuentes pictóricas y bibliográficas. Política- y socialmente nos encontramos pues en un contexto muy diferente al europeo, y el objetivo de este paper será hacer una reflexión sobre el retrato y la didáctica del arte como campos para la subjetividad en términos políticos y estéticos a partir de una experiencia concreta en un territorio donde de facto se interponen factores materiales, culturales y políticos, así como explorar el contexto artístico y educativo del país que apenas cumple 50 años de independencia respecto a España y tiene una de las rentas per cápita más elevadas del continente africano.
Hacia una estética ecológica para la transición ecosocial
Authors: Albelda Jose
Published: November 2019

La estética es un importante vector para la ideología, la reafirma y la visibiliza. En su sentido amplio, como concreción física de un proyecto cultural, puede convertirse en un medio facilitador de drásticos cambios de cosmovisión, según hemos podido comprobar en las revoluciones sociopolíticas del siglo pasado. Analizando las dominantes estéticas contemporáneas, correspondientes al capitalismo tecnológico neoliberal, podemos comprobar hacia dónde se dirige la tendencia principal que mueve nuestra sociedad globalizada: la reafirmación de la realidad digital y la tecnificación posthumana como vías de progreso deseable. Todo ello refuerza el desfase entre los problemas reales del mundo físico -especialmente la crisis ecosocial globalizada- y los imaginarios esencialmente virtuales y simplificados que sustentan nuestra cotidianidad digital. La ponencia cuestiona este consenso mediático e institucionalmente impuesto, y defiende una nueva cosmovisión de reequilibrio entre cultura y ecosistemas naturales, revisando y ampliando los principios del diseño permacultural y de la biomímesis, así como la conciencia ecosistémica y colaborativa. Todo ello para impulsar la necesaria transición ecosocial en tiempos de decrecimiento en la disponibilidad de recursos naturales y cambio climático. Partiremos de las propuestas de una nueva Ilustración (Marina Garcés,  Jorge Riechmann), que recupere un humanismo radical frente a los malos sueños hipertecnológicos y antropocéntricos, para iluminar las bases caracterizadoras de una estética ecológica que, a modo de nueva enciclopedia de principios, sentidos y quehaceres, nos acompañe en los tiempos del declive del capitaloceno. Todo ello implica un gran proyecto colectivo que necesariamente orilla los modelos políticos institucionales, para retomar la herencia del 15M y los nuevos movimientos como Fridays for futureyExtintion rebelion, buscando cómo pueden concretarse de forma sistémica y acrecentada en el tiempo.
Wunderblock. De la representación sin poder: una cinematografía del documento dislocado.
Authors: Legaz Alfonso
Published: November 2019

Wunderblock es una cinematografía videográfica documental creada por Alfonso Legaz, memoria y parte del trabajo en-común que realizan los artistas Andrea Garay y Alfonso Legaz desde 2015 en 20 espejos suceden, proyecto de arte de mecánica procesual-multidisciplinar instalado en el campo de la desocultación, que investiga en torno al acto de comunicación, la experiencia de comunidad y la exposición del individuo ante los otros. Produce y desarrolla de manera performativa  sus objetos e instancias a partir del concepto de “exposición” (del individuo ante los otros), desarrollado por Jean-Luc Nancy en La comunidad desobrada (1986), concepto imprescindible para vincular lo particular con la ontología del ser-con, modo propio de ser de la existencia en la estética de Nancy. La actividad multidisciplinar que opera con fotografía, pintura, videografía no-ficción o testimonio oral, adopta esta “exposición” (de representación imposible) como sentido de la fuerza motriz y no como matriz de trabajo; implementa elementos tradicionales del pensamiento occidental  —cuerpo, representación o mímesis— que, deconstruidos por Nancy en sus “figuras de lo común”, sirven a la hipótesis central del proyecto: el poder sancionador de técnicas documentales hoy —visuales, orales y escriturales— pretende aportar la “exposición” como documentación de una singularidad corporal “expuesta”, ocultando el ser y la verdad (Aletheia) e inhibiendo la experiencia de comunidad. Este texto colocará el foco en una forma representacional de la tradición cinematográfica documental, singularizada y problematizada en Wunderblock desde la “exposición”: la presentación documental del artista trabajando su obra en su espacio de trabajo. El caso real, una artista, una mujer que realiza un largo proceso pictórico. El objeto de crítica —fraude documental en la presentación visual del artista produciendo la obra— es consumido socialmente sin oposición. Explotada industrial e institucionalmente esta técnica de vaciado, naturalezas fílmica o digital y régimen escópico son afectados por un “régimen de creencia”, “una fe inexplicada”, señala Derrida, que co-participa de la ocultación del ser, omitiendo vida psíquica, silenciando la profunda oscuridad que acompaña nuestro cuerpo y existencia en forma de reducción behaviorista, afectando todos los campos de conocimiento y la posición política. Wunderblock construye dislocando (Rancière) la construcción del poder; piensa la necesidad de transformación del sentido político del cuerpo y del en-común hacia nuevas posiciones que posibiliten pensamiento crítico y acción social. Se describirá el dispositivo cinematográfico, contexto político-conceptual, tradición cinematográfica y el pensamiento puesto en valor.
‘Arte agonista’ como dispositivo transformador del hegemónico orden simbólico
Authors: González-García Ricardo
Published: November 2019

Siguiendo las premisas de Chantal Mouffe, se plantea aquí la posibilidad de un arte crítico –denominado “agonista”–, que pueda ser útil para visibilizar los problemas sociales y concienciar a la población de estar en su derecho de ejercer una razón pública o democracia radical. Dentro de las patologías hiperexpresivas que acarrea el orden simbólico hegemónico que impone el sistema capitalista, el malestar que ante ello pueda haber en la cultura y sus espacios de representación, nos conduce a reflexionar sobre cómo este tipo de arte puede distinguirse de lo que Franco Berardi denomina como “ruido blanco”, para que su mensaje pueda ser recibido por el espectador. Si se analiza cómo funciona este “esquizofrénico” sistema de excesivos flujos semióticos, para muchos de los cuales no tenemos capacidad de interpretación, podemos comprobar que guarda una contradicción intrínseca que, según Deleuze, se halla íntimamente unida al psicoanálisis, lo cual establece una conjunción entre producción “deseante” y producción de enunciados como mecánica que acaba activando los flujos económicos que lo sostienen. Esta circunstancia de sobrecarga infocrática en la que el sistema basa su poder, afecta también a la producción cultural, sus códigos o los mensajes que lanza, extendiendo una red soportada en la mercantilización que también repercute en lo institucional o viceversa. Saber en qué medida somos cómplices de esta situación es un primer paso para luego distinguir cómo cierto tipo de arte escapa de esa red y, a través de lo emocional ya como única fisura por la que “colarse”, llega al espectador con otro tipo de consignas que puedan llegar a hacer que se conciencie de situaciones de desigualdad provocadas por el mismo sistema. Hacer hincapié en esta posibilidad es volver a la idea de “intelectualidad orgánica”, desarrollada por Gramsci, para aplicarla al territorio del arte y hacer ver cómo este espacio de representación es uno de los pocos que aún posee capacidad para vincularse orgánicamente con la comunidad y transformar el hegemónico orden simbólico impuesto por el sistema neoliberal, en función de devolver al pueblo su autonomía y poder de decisión sobre las cuestiones sociales que lo conciernen. Según esta razón, existe toda una línea artística, de Joseph Beuys a Alfredo Jaar por ejemplo, comprometida con este tipo de concienciación; practicas artísticas que, en su conjunto, se adecúan a la idea de este “arte agonista” que aquí se explica.
Activación de los sistemas arquitectónicos compactos. La construcción del mecanismo de proyección diagonal en la obra de Adolf Ros
Authors: Toral Guinea Marta
Published: November 2019

La activación de los sistemas arquitectónicos compactos, formados por unidades espaciales adosadas, especializadas, cualificadas, relacionadas entre sí en un contenedor definido y regular, requiere de herramientas específicas, capaces de suplir la carencia de espacios dinámicos, intersticiales y de comunicación. En la construcción del Raumplan, Adolf Loos desarrolla diferentes mecanismos relacionales. Entre ellos, destaca uno de gran capacidad dinamizadora del espacio interior. Su construcción parte de la evolución de las operaciones de fluctuación y frontalidad heredadas de la tradición arquitectónica para incorporar gradualmente alteraciones focales que conducen a la proyección diagonal. Mediante el análisis gráfico elaborado por el/la autor/a, se estudian las herramientas empleadas para la cualificación de este mecanismo perceptivo, que potencia la disociación entre el recorrido físico y perceptivo del observador.
Universos cromáticos para el patrimonio de Chile
Authors: Cordero-Jahr Elisa
Published: November 2019

Para el diseño de dos centros de interpretación en la Región de O´Higgins, Chile, destinados a la puesta en valor de sitios patrimoniales, se encargan estudios de color y la creación de paletas cromáticas con el objetivo de dar coherencia interna e identidad al proyecto general. Durante la investigación preliminar de cada proyecto, de enfoque cualitativo, un equipo interdisciplinario recogió información en terreno mediante entrevistas, relevamientos cromáticos, fotografías y otros. Se planteó ampliar el concepto paleta de color hacia un orden espacial conceptualmente coherente con el proyecto de arquitectura, llamado “universo cromático”, cuyo objetivo fue facilitar el uso de los colores durante el proceso de diseño. La utilización de estos universos fue disímil en ambos proyectos, sin embargo, se logró dar coherencia e identidad a ambos y también orientar el uso de sus colores. Los universos cromáticos podrían abrir posibilidades para el acompañamiento de otros proyectos de arquitectura y diseño.
Reconstrucción virtual de la secuencia de construcción de los patios exteriores de los hipogeos QH31, QH32, QH33 y QH34
Authors: Martínez Hermoso Juan Antonio
Published: November 2019

Hace unos 4000 años, durante la Dinastía XII, los gobernadores de Elefantina se enterraron en la necrópolis de Qubbet el-Hawa. Destaca, durante este período, el conjunto formado por los complejos funerarios QH32, QH31, QH33 y el hipogeo QH34. El objetivo es aportar una hipótesis virtual de la secuencia de construcción del exterior del conjunto, un recinto que engloba los patios delanteros de cada una de las tumbas excavadas, sucesivamente, como parte de un conjunto funerario mayor.
A Comparison of Computerized and Paper and Pencil Versions of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA)
Authors: Rodgers Mackenzie , Brown Elena Donoso , Wallace Sarah , Simpson Richard , Kranjec Alexander , D'Acunto Kristin , Agostino Caroline , Zoeckler Mary Rose
Published: November 2019

Date Presented 04/06/19

The purpose of this study was to compare the results of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) paper and electronic versions when administered to older adults. Additionally, factors related to participant preferences and familiarity with computerized tablets were considered. This research encourages practitioners to be cognizant of the mode of assessments they use as it may impact client performance.

Primary Author and Speaker: Mackenzie Rodgers

Additional Authors and Speakers: Elena Donoso Brown

Contributing Authors: Sarah Wallace, Richard Simpson, Alexander Kranjec, Kristin D'Acunto, Caroline Agostino, Mary Rose Zoeckler
Understanding Definitions of Health for Individuals With Intellectual Disability (ID) Using Photovoice
Authors: Ausderau Karla , St. John Brittany , Romaniak Holly , Hladik Elisabeth
Published: November 2019

Date Presented 04/06/19

Individuals with ID experience limited autonomy in occupational engagement impacting their health promoting occupations. Photovoice was used to allow individuals with ID to capture their lived experience of health, occupational participation, and barriers to participation. Understanding the perspective of individuals with ID will contribute to the development of novel health promotion programing.

Primary Author and Speaker: Brittany St. John

Additional Authors and Speakers: Karla Ausderau, Holly Romaniak, Elisabeth Hladik
Cognitive and Functional Abilities of Adults Experiencing Homelessness
Authors: Synovec Caitlin
Published: November 2019

Date Presented 04/05/19

A retrospective analysis of OT evaluations completed by individuals experiencing homelessness identified the frequency of cognitive impairment and determined the predictive ability of cognitive ability on functional performance using standardized assessments. The study results indicate there is a high prevalence of cognitive impairment among individuals experiencing homelessness; however, that cognitive impairment was not predictive of performance on functional assessments.

Primary Author and Speaker: Caitlin Synovec
Comparison of dimension reduction techniques in the analysis of mass spectrometry data
Authors: Isokääntä Sini , Kari Eetu , Buchholz Angela , Hao Liqing , Schobesberger Siegfried , Virtanen Annele , Mikkonen Santtu
Published: November 2019

Abstract. Online analysis with mass spectrometers produces complex data sets, consisting of mass spectra with a large number of chemical compounds (ions). Statistical dimension reduction techniques (SDRTs) are able to condense complex data sets into a more compact form while preserving the information included in the original observations. The general principle of these techniques is to investigate the underlying dependencies of the measured variables, by combining variables with similar characteristics to distinct groups, called factors or components. Currently, positive matrix factorization (PMF) is the most commonly exploited SDRT across a range of atmospheric studies, in particular for source apportionment. In this study, we used 5 different SDRTs in analysing mass spectral data from complex gas- and particle phase measurements during laboratory experiment investigating the interactions of gasoline car exhaust and α-pinene. Specifically, we used four factor analysis techniques: principal component analysis (PCA), positive matrix factorization (PMF), exploratory factor analysis (EFA), and non-negative matrix factorization (NMF), as well as one clustering technique, partitioning around medoids (PAM). All SDRTs were able to resolve 4–5 factors from the gas phase measurements, including an α-pinene precursor factor, 2–3 oxidation product factors and a background/car exhaust precursor factor. NMF and PMF provided an additional oxidation product factor, which was not found by other SDRTs. The results from EFA and PCA were similar after applying oblique rotations. For the particle phase measurements, four factors were discovered with NMF and PMF: one primary factor, a mixed LVOOA factor, and two α-pinene SOA derived factors. PAM was not able to resolve interpretable clusters due to general limitations of clustering methods, as the high degree of fragmentation taking place in the AMS causes different compounds formed at different stages in the experiment to be detected at the same variable. However, when preliminary analysis is needed, or isomers and mixed sources are not expected, cluster analysis may be a useful tool as the results are simpler and thus easier to interpret. In the factor analysis techniques, any single ion generally contributes to multiple factors, although EFA and PCA try to minimize this spread. Our analysis shows that different SDRTs put emphasis on different parts of the data, and with only one technique some interesting data properties may still stay undiscovered. Thus, validation of the acquired results either by comparing between different SDRTs or applying one technique multiple times (e.g. by resampling the data or giving different starting values for iterative algorithms) is important as it may protect the user from dismissing unexpected results as unphysical.
Amino acid racemization in Quaternary foraminifera from the Yermak Plateau, Arctic Ocean
Authors: West Gabriel , Kaufman Darrell S. , Muschitiello Francesco , Forwick Matthias , Matthiessen Jens , Wollenburg Jutta , O'Regan Matt
Published: November 2019

Abstract. Amino acid racemization (AAR) geochronology is a powerful tool for dating
Quaternary marine sediments across the globe, yet its application to Arctic
Ocean sediments has been limited. Anomalous rates of AAR in foraminifera
from the central Arctic were reported in previously published studies,
indicating that either the rate of racemization is higher in this area, or
inaccurate age models were used to constrain the sediment ages. This study
investigates racemization rates in foraminifera from three well-dated
sediment cores taken from the Yermak Plateau during the 2015 TRANSSIZ (TRansitions in the Arctic Seasonal Sea Ice Zone) expedition on RV Polarstern. D and L isomers of the amino acids aspartic
acid (Asp) and glutamic acid (Glu) were separated in samples of the
planktic foraminifer Neogloboquadrina pachyderma and the benthic species Cassidulina neoteretis to quantify the extent of
racemization. In total, 241 subsamples were analysed, extending back to
marine oxygen isotope stage (MIS) 7. Two previously published power
functions, which relate the extent of racemization of Asp and Glu in
foraminifera to sample age are revisited, and a comparison is made between
the ages predicted by these calibrated age equations and independent
geochronological constraints available for the cores. Our analyses reveal an
excellent match between ages predicted by a global compilation of
racemization rates for N. pachyderma and confirm that a proposed Arctic-specific
calibration curve is not applicable at the Yermak Plateau. These results
generally support the rates of AAR determined for other cold bottom water
sites and further highlight the anomalous nature of the purportedly high
rate of racemization indicated by previous analyses of central Arctic
sediments.
Coordination and Control: Limits in Standard Representations of Multi-Reservoir Operations in Hydrological Modeling
Authors: Rougé Charles , Reed Patrick M. , Grogan Danielle S. , Zuidema Shan , Prusevich Alexander , Glidden Stanley , Lamontagne Jonathan R. , Lammers Richard B.
Published: November 2019

Abstract. Model-based risk assessment of hydrological extremes needs to consider the interactions between the many stakeholders in a river basin as well as the institutions and regulations that mediate them. Unfortunately, commonly employed representations of human-operated structures in hydrological models are limited in their ability to capture human-mediated coordination and control actions in complex river basin systems. This study contributes a detailed diagnostic analysis of the parametric controls and their effects in standard reservoir representations in flood and drought modeling. Our diagnostic analysis uses the Water Balance Model (WBM), which features detailed representations of the human infrastructure coupled to the natural processes that shape water balance dynamics. Our analysis focuses on challenges posed by human-mediated coordination and control actions using the multi-reservoir cascade of the Upper Snake River Basin (USRB) in the Western U.S. We employ a time-varying sensitivity analysis that utilizes Method of Morris factor screening to quantify how the parametrizations of the reservoir release rules impact modeled flows throughout the USRB. Our results demonstrate the importance of understanding the state-space context in which reservoir releases occur and where operational coordination plays a crucial role in avoiding or mitigating water-related extremes. Understanding how major infrastructure is coordinated and controlled in major river basins is essential to properly assessing future flood and drought hazards in a changing world. This implies that the validation of hydrological models for this purpose should move beyond the usual goodness-of-fit checks of outlet flows to incorporate an assessment of the actual emergency response operations used to mitigate hydrological extremes.
MONITORING THE SPATIO-TEMPORAL TRAJECTORY OF URBAN AREA HOTSPOTS IN WUHAN, CHINA USING TIME-SERIES NIGHTTIME LIGHT IMAGES
Authors: Ruan Y. L. , Zou Y. H.
Published: November 2019

Abstract. Urban area hotspots can be considered as an ideal representation of spatial heterogeneity of human activities within a city, which is susceptible to regional urban expansion pattern pattern. However, in previous studies most researchers focused on extracting urban extent, leaving the interior variation of nighttime radiance intensity poorly explored. With the help of multi-source data sets such as DMSP/OLS (NTL), LST and NDVI, we proposed an applicable framework to identify and monitor the spatiotemporal trajectory of polycentric urban area hotspots. Firstly, the original NTL dataset were calibrated to reduce inconsistency and discontinuity. And we integrated NTL, LST as well as NDVI and established an urban index TVANUI capturing the approximate urban extents. Secondly, multi-resolution segmentation algorithm, neighborhood statistics analysis and a local-optimized threshold method were employed to get more precise urban extent with an overall accuracy above 85% and a Kappa above 0.70. Thirdly, the urban extents were utilized as masks to get corresponding radiance intensity from calibrated NTL. Finally, we established the Gaussian volume model for each cluster and the resulting parameters were used to quantitatively depict hotspot features (i.e., intensity, morphology and centroid dynamics). All the identified urban hotspot showed our framework could successfully capture polycentric urban hotspots, whose fitting coefficients were over 0.7. The spatiotemporal trajectory of hotspot powerfully revealed the impact of the regional urban growth pattern and planning strategies on human activities in the city of Wuhan. This study provides important insights for further studies on the relationship between the regional urbanization and human activities.
Quantifying seasonal cornice dynamics using a terrestrial laser scanner in Svalbard, Norway
Authors: Hancock Holt , Eckerstorfer Markus , Prokop Alexander , Hendrikx Jordy
Published: November 2019

Abstract. Snow cornices develop along mountain ridges, edges of plateaus, and marked inflections in topography throughout regions with seasonal and permanent snow cover. Despite the recognized hazard posed by cornices in mountainous locations, limited modern research on cornice dynamics exists and accurately forecasting cornice failure continues to be problematic. Cornice failures and associated cornice fall avalanches comprise a majority of observed avalanche activity and endanger human life and infrastructure annually near Longyearbyen in central Svalbard, Norway. In this work, we monitored the seasonal development of the cornices along the plateaus near Longyearbyen with a terrestrial laser scanner (TLS) during the 2016/2017 and 2017/2018 winter seasons. The spatial resolution at which we acquired snow surface data with TLS enabled us to observe and quantify changes to the cornice systems in detail not previously achieved. We focused primarily on the evolution and failure of the lower cornice surfaces where accessibility has precluded previous research. We measured cornice accretion rates in excess of 10 mm hr−1 during several accretion events coinciding with winter storms. We observed five cornice fall avalanche events following periods of cornice accretion and one event following a warm period with mid-winter rain. The results of our investigation provide quantitative reinforcement to existing conceptual models of cornice dynamics and illustrate cornice response to specific meteorological events. Our results demonstrate the utility of TLS for monitoring cornice processes and as a viable method for quantitative cornice studies in this and other locations where cornices are of scientific or operational interest.
Structure and kinematics of an extensional growth fold, Hadahid Fault System, Suez Rift, Egypt
Authors: Jackson Christopher A.-L. , Whipp Paul S. , Gawthorpe Robert L. , Lewis Matthew M.
Published: November 2019

Abstract. Normal faulting drives extensional growth folding of the Earth's upper crust during continental extension, yet we know little of how fold geometry relates to the structural segmentation of the underlying fault. We use field data from the Hadahid Fault System, Suez Rift, Egypt to investigate the geometry and kinematics of a large (30 km long, up to 2.5 km displacement), exceptionally well-exposed normal fault system to test and develop models for extensional growth folding. The Hadahid Fault System comprises eight, up to 5 km long segments that are defined by unbreached, breached, or partly breached monoclines. These segments are soft- or hard-link, or defined by a more subtle transition in overall structural style. High overlap : separation (O : S) ratios between its segments suggest the Hadahid Fault System comprises a single, now hard-linked structure at-depth. We demonstrate that a progressive loss of displacement along strike of the Hadahid Fault System results in surface-breaking faults and breached monoclines being replaced by unbreached monoclines developed above blind faults. However, shorter along-strike length-scale variations in structural style also occur, with unbreached monoclines developed between breached monoclines. The origin of this variability is unclear, but might reflect local variations in host rock material properties that drive short length-scale variations in fault propagation-to-slip ratio, and thus the timing and location of fold breaching. We show that folding is a key expression of the strain that accumulates in areas of continental extension, and argue that tectono-sedimentary models for rift development should capture the related structural complexity.
Efficient Eco-Friendly Organic Wastes Mixed with Growth Promoting Bacteria to Remediate and Increase Fertility of Saline Sodic Soil in Egypt
Authors: Hafez Mohamed , Rashad Mohamed , Abo El-Ezz Sally F. , Popov Alexander I.
Published: November 2019

Abstract. In Egypt, the total area of agricultural land is 3.36 million acres, which is 3.8 % of the entire territory of the country. One of the main obstacles to agricultural production in Egypt is soil salinization and degradation. Therefore, saline-sodic soil reclamation in arid regions is highly relevant. This study aimed to use Azospirillum inoculation with eco-friendly organic wastes for free remediation of saline-sodic soils. In this work nine treatments included two levels of spent grain (S1 and S2), two levels of compost (C1 and C2), a mix of both sources (C1S1), one level of Azospirillum (A1), a mix of both sources with Azospirillum (A1S1 and A1C1) and an untreated control. The treatments were previously incubated with soil at field capacity for five months under laboratory conditions at 28 °C. The most relevant chemical and biological parameters were analysed every month for five months. Results indicate that Azospirillum inoculation with spent grain increased soil organic carbon (SOC), dehydrogenase and urease enzymes, micro-nutrients (Fe2+, Zn2+, Mn2+, Cu2+ and B+), and macro-nutrients (N, P and K); while decreased exchangeable sodium percentage (ESP), pH and EC, by 75 %, 12 %, and 43 % respectively, compared to initial conditions. The significant variation was observed in chemical and biological properties among all treatments in the order of S2 > A1S1 > A1 > C2 > C1S1 > A1C1 > C1 > control. In conclusion, the addition of Azospirillum with spent grain is highly recommended for amelioration of the saline-sodic soil and is more effective compared with compost to remediate saline-sodic soils.
Figuraciones en torno a la subjetividad, el gobierno y el Estado en la ficción y la filosofía política inglesas de los siglos dieciocho y diecinueve
Authors: Dávilo Beatriz
Published: November 2019

Este artículo aborda, en la Historia del Pensamiento inglés de los siglos dieciocho y diecinueve, las figuraciones de la relación entre subjetividad, gobierno y Estado en el marco de la consolidación del lazo entre el capitalismo en ascenso y el liberalismo. Desde una perspectiva arqueológica, se analizan las cuestiones políticas y filosóficas que confluyen en el problema de la gubernamentalidad liberal. A partir de un recorrido por textos filosóficos y literarios, este análisis muestra el despliegue de un ejercicio de auto-desciframiento que acompaña tanto el desplazamiento de la Providencia al Estado para establecer las constricciones a las conductas individuales y colectivas, como la declinación de la confianza en la razón calculadora y la aceptación de la incertidumbre respecto de los resultados de la propia acción.
El demonio de Goethe: el Eros de la obra
Authors: Bürger Christa
Published: November 2019

El presente artículo forma parte de un proyecto sobre “arte luciferino” que la autora ha desarrollado junto con Peter Bürger, centrado en la realidad del arte. Christa Bürger analiza aquí la concepción del artista y la creación que Goethe plantea en Poesía y verdad. El artista aparece aquí como alguien que se apodera de la existencia de figuras de la vida real y se las arrebata, y esto resulta particularmente notorio en las figuras femeninas de Goethe, en las que se lleva a cabo una desrealización de la mujer. En último término se trata de la autoproducción del artista y del lado oscuro de la creación, y particularmente de la dimensión luciferina de la misma.