bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Факторы и логики реконструирования смысла политического текста в условиях когнитивной и интерпретативной неопределенности
Authors: Фидря Ефим
Published: July 2019

В работе политический текст рассматривается как конструкт дляобозначения субъектом своей позиции в политическом пространстве, оказанияопределенного социального эффекта в различных группах с целью мобилизацииколлективной воли и действия, а также репрезентации коллективного интереса.Показано, как и какие структурные и ситуативные факторы, составляющиесложный контекст восприятия (включающий структурный баланс социальныхи политических групп, культурно-символического пространства, составаучастников коммуникации, а также имеющихся у них социально признанныхресурсов) влияют на интерпретацию смысла текста реципиентом. Приведенаи рассмотрена модель коммуникации С. Холла, возможные способы кодированияи декодирования текста с точки зрения как его содержания, так и идеологическихустановок автора и аудитории. Отмечается, что в силу фундаментальныхособенностей социальной коммуникации и автор, и реципиенты текста находятсяв ситуации постоянной когнитивной и интерпретативной неопределенности,ситуативные факторы не искажают смысл, а способствуют его конструированиюи его последующей интерпретации, в ходе которой происходит взаимодействиелогик участников, их структур, ресурсов и контекста коммуникации. В работерассматривается конструирование текста и последующее реконструированиеего смысла как активный процесс согласования участниками коммуникациизначения собственно текста и его культурного, социального, структурного,прагматического, политического контекста, осуществляемый субъектами в условияхнеопределенности. В модели отражены процесс и факторы производства текстаи восприятия его смыслов. Показано, что и интерпретация смысла политическоготекста, и положение участников коммуникации в первую очередь зависят отпретензии на обладание ими общественного, политического и социальногокапитала как ресурсов, обеспечивающих мобилизацию коллективной волии представление интересов. Показана роль диспозитивов (как контекстакоммуникации), позволяющих регулировать когнитивную неопределенность и определять соответствующий порядок квалификации.
Развитие политической науки в Японии
Authors: Inoguchi Takashi
Published: July 2019

Статья представляет собой журнальный вариант перевода с японского языка шестой главы монографии Т. Иногути “Политическая теория” (Иногути Т. Сэйдзи рирон. Токио: Минерва, 2015: 猪口孝。政治理論。猪口孝編者。東京: みねるわ原書房2015. С. 143-158]). Автор выявляет основные течения японской политологии второй половины ХХ в. – начала XXI в., а также анализирует ее методологические подходы. Он останавливается на ключевых вопросах, стоящих перед японской политической мыслью: в чем секрет западных демократий, достигших больших успехов благодаря поддержанию свобод и концентрации богатств? в чем причина зависимости японской политики от бюрократии? почему партийная принадлежность кандидатов на выборах мало сказывается на электоральном поведении японцев? как политика и экономика переплетаются в принятии конкретных политических решений? Иногути описывает три главных тренда, которые появились в первой четверти наступившего века. К ним относятся: 1) историзация нормативных и институциональных истоков японской политики; 2) рассмотрение японской политики в сравнительной перспективе и 3) создание теорий. Автор указывает на влияние американских методов исследования и политологических журналов, проводит анализ специфики японской политологии по сравнению с западной, выделяет факторы, определяющие высокую степень оригинальности и самостоятельности японской политологии, прежде всего – силу традиции и лингвистические особенности японской политической мысли.
О чем говорят рейтинги? Журналы по политической науке в системе РИНЦ
Authors: Авдонин Владимир , Мелешкина Елена
Published: July 2019

О чем могут свидетельствовать рейтинги журналов по политической науке? Что они могут дать для понимания проблем развития дисциплины? Как ее особенности и общая специфика развития науки в России отражается на рейтингах научных журналов? На эти вопросы отвечают авторы статьи на основе анализа ряда библиометрических показателей и рейтингов российских журналов по тематике “Политика. Политические науки” в информационной системе РИНЦ (Российский индекс научного цитирования). Авторы выявляют сложности, связанные с использованием основного показателя интегральной оценки публикационной активности и влиятельности научных журналов, Science Index: нечеткая тематическая идентификация журналов в системе, “расхождение” учета цитирований по “широте” и “качеству” и ряд других. В работе рассматриваются проблемы использования индексов цитирования для оценки научных журналов, развития науки, научных сообществ и коммуникаций. Авторы обращаются к вопросу о функциях и смыслах цитирования, его использования для решения различных задач. Важность использования показателей, в том числе “качественных”, авторы демонстрируют на примере сравнения рейтингов журналов по тематике “Политика. Политические науки”, составленных на основе Science index, с экспертными оценками известности и влиятельности научных изданий и с некоторыми другими показателями РИНЦ, свидетельствующими о качественных характеристиках материалов изданий (например, время полужизни статей). Авторы приходят к выводу о необходимости дополнения и коррекции Science index другими показателями, свидетельствующими о “качестве” публикуемых материалов и цитирования, а также важности учета особенностей развития политической науки при использовании рейтингов журналов для их оценки и анализа картины состояния дисциплины в целом.
Перспективы, потребности и подводные камни конституционализации ЕС и ЕАЭС
Authors: Войников Вадим , Энтина Екатерина , Энтин Марк
Published: July 2019

Рано или поздно все интеграционные объединения, использующие механизмы наднационального правового регулирования, принятия и исполнения решений, сталкиваются с проблемами конституционализации. Им надо выстраивать стройную непротиворечивую систему отношений между наднациональными, межправительственными и национальными властными органами, между наднациональными и национальными источниками права. Им требуется преодолевать препятствия, лежащие на пути построения общего экономического пространства, снимать противоречия, вызываемые потребностями обеспечения четырех базовых свобод общего рынка. Конституционализация дает для этого и теоретическую базу, и необходимый инструментарий. Впервые с этой проблемой столкнулся Европейский союз. ЕС сформировал обособленную правовую систему, придав внутреннему правовому порядку объединения набор качественных характеристик, считающихся на настоящий момент, в какой-то степени, классическими. Первостепенное внимание было уделено им выработке основополагающих ценностей, которые приобрели для него системообразующее значение, и постепенному, шаг за шагом, выдвижению на авансцену законотворческого процесса такого наднационального органа, как Европарламент. Опыт, накопленный ЕС в этой сфере, может быть полезен для Евразийского экономического союза, особенно с учетом кризисных явлений, переживаемых ЕС, поскольку только они сумели по-настоящему проявить, какие институционально-правовые решения работают в рамках интеграционного объединения, а какие должны быть отброшены. В статье обосновывается, что рецепты конституционализации ЕС не подходят ЕАЭС, тогда как технический инструментарий конституционализации, наработанный ЕС, вполне может быть использован ЕАЭС для решения текущих задач самоутверждения, консолидации и позиционирования на международной арене.
Взаимосвязь понимания демократии и отношения к ней в России и европейских странах
Authors: Салмина Алла
Published: July 2019

В статье представлены результаты исследования на данных Европейского социального исследования за 2012 г. взаимосвязи отношения населения к демократии и оценки важности отдельных ее аспектов (“понимание” демократии). Анализ был проведен на данных России и групп европейских стран – Северная Европа, Западная Европа, Южная Европа и постсоциалистические страны Центральной и Восточной Европы. Средний житель всех групп европейских стран хотел бы жить в условиях демократии, при этом больше всего желающих жить при демократии в группе стран Северной Европы, а меньше всего – в группе постсоциалистических стран, особенно в России. Несмотря на ряд сходств групп европейских стран, можно говорить о значимых отличиях групп стран Западной и Северной Европы от группы постсоциалистических стран. У россиян и населения группы постсоциалистических стран отношение к демократии в меньшей мере связано с представлениями о важности отдельных ее признаков (коэффициенты корреляции с каждым из признаков демократии ниже, чем в других группах стран). Большинство признаков демократии в равной мере являются важными ее составляющими в представлениях населения России и группы постсоциалистических стран, в то время как в других группах стран эти взгляды более дифференцированы. Исследование обращает внимание на недостаточную валидность вопросов об общем отношении к демократии, используемых во многих международных и национальных опросах. Она связана с различиями в понимании данного понятия сторонниками демократии в разных группах стран.
Модели карьерных траекторий глав российских регионов
Authors: Барсегян Вардан
Published: July 2019

Статья посвящена исследованию моделей карьерных траекторий действующих глав субъектов Российской Федерации, начиная от их входа в политико- административную сферу в 1991 г. и заканчивая должностью, предшествующей губернаторскому посту. Эмпирическую базу исследования составили биографические сведения о 85 действовавших на 28 мая 2018 г. глав субъектов Российской Федерации. Разработана авторская методика выделения моделей карьерных траекторий, различающихся длиной и гомогенностью, – что обычно игнорируется в большинстве исследований по данной тематике. Показано, что губернаторский пул на 60% сформирован выходцами из региональных элит, представленных зам. губернаторов, председателями законодательных собраний, депутатами Государственной Думы, руководителями городов, в числе которых мэры, главы администраций и их заместители. Было выявлено, что должности в силовых ведомствах и позиции в бизнесе не обеспечивают прямой доступ к губернаторскому посту, однако опыт работы в этих структурах, а также опыт муниципальной службы, является важной характеристикой глав регионов. Исходя из анализа карьерной мобильности, выявлены три типа моделей карьерных траекторий: 48 краткосрочных моделей-диад, 25 среднесрочных моделей-триад и четыре долгосрочные модели-тетрады, которые отражают паттерны карьерных передвижений различной гомогенности. Установлено, что уровень межгрупповых профессиональных передвижений в краткосрочной и среднесрочной перспективе относительно низок: персоны в основном перемещаются внутри своих сфер, внутри одного уровня управления и ветви власти. В долгосрочном плане межсекторная карьерная мобильность возрастает, но объяснительная сила долгосрочных моделей снижается. Это означает, что стабильные долгосрочные стратегии достижения губернаторского кресла отсутствуют, это может быть объяснено частыми изменениями выборного законодательства. Кроме того, нам удалось зафиксировать модели входа “золотой молодежи” в политику через государственные и муниципальные учреждения, а также весьма специфические модели карьерных траекторий силовиков в гражданских ведомствах и подтвердить роль полпредств как универсальных кузниц административных кадров.
Убийство репутации. Три хроники советского периода
Authors: Егорова-Гантман Екатерина , Егорова Елизавета
Published: July 2019

Статья стала результатом исследования малоизученного в России, но весьма распространенного вида политической коммуникации – атаки на репутацию оппонента с целью ее разрушения и лишения его поддержки со стороны значимых целевых групп. Исследование убийства репутации с момента буржуазной революции в России и до распада СССР показывает преемственность приемов и методов, использование одних и тех же тем на протяжении всего этого периода. Общественное восприятие убийства репутации в отношении жертв атаки в целом отражает тенденцию поддержки главы государства, если население признает его лидером. В статье рассматривается ряд кейсов, показывающих важнейшие тенденции убийства репутации в определенный исторический период: убийство репутации В. Ленина как германского шпиона; убийство репутации М. Тухачевского и группы военачальников как организаторов “военно-фашистского заговора”; убийство репутации А. Сахарова как антисоветского правозащитника. Зонтичным элементом всех изученных кампаний по убийству репутации стало понятие “иностранный агент”. Эти кейсы позволяют увидеть поведение атакеров и их жертв, основные методы и темы, применяемые для убийства репутации, использование различных видов СМИ, реакцию общества, способы защиты от убийства репутации.
Termik Santralin Çevresel Kirletici Etkisinin Toprak Kirlilik Yönetmelikleri Çerçevesinde Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: KOCA Yakup Kenan
Published: July 2019

Tarım toprakları insan
beslenmesinin ana kaynağını oluşturmaktadır. Ancak bu topraklar çeşitli
etmenler tarafından kirletilmektedir. Bu kirliliğin temel sebeplerinden birisi
de topraklarda kurşun, kadmiyum, krom, bakır, nikel ve çinko gibi ağır
metallerin olması gereken düzeyin üzerinde bulunmasıdır. Sözkonusu bu metaller
ana materyal olarak kaynaklı olabileceği gibi antropojenik etkilerle de
toprakta bulunma düzeyi artabilmektedir. Toprakta yüksek düzeyde bulunması
olumsuz etkilere sebep olurken, ağır metallerin aynı zamanda topraktan
uzaklaştırılması da oldukça zordur. Toprakların kirliliğinin belirlenmesi ve
kirliliğin önlenmesine yönelik çeşitli dönemlerde yasalar uygulamaya
konulmuştur. Halen Türkiye’de kullanılmakta olan 2872 sayılı Çevre Kanunu ve bu
kanun çerçevesinde uygulama yönetmelikleri bulunmaktadır. Sözkonusu yasa
çerçevesinde 2005 yılında Toprak Kirliliği ve Kontrolü Yönetmeliği
yayınlanmıştır. Bu yönetmelik kimi hataları barındırsa da çeşitli çalışmalarda
kullanılmıştır. 2010 yılında yayımlanan Toprak Kirliliğinin Kontrolü ve
Noktasal Kaynaklı Kirlenmiş Sahalara Dair Yönetmelik ile 2005 yılı yönetmelik
kaldırılmış ve toprak kirliliğinin belirlenmesinde yeni bir değerlendirme
uygulamaya konulmuştur. Bu çalışmada Şırnak İli Silopi ilçesinde bulunan termik
santral ve etrafında bulunan tarım arazileri özelinde sözkonusu iki yönetmelik
karşılaştırmalı olarak değerlendirilmeye çalışılmıştır.
Vermikompost Uygulamalarının Kuraklık Stresi Altındaki Kıvırcık Salatanın (Lactuca sativa var. crispa) Mineral İçerikleri Üzerine Etkisi
Authors: KIRAN Sevinç
Published: July 2019

Bu çalışma, vermikompostun (VK) kuraklık stresine
maruz kalmış kıvırcık salata bitkisinin (Lactuca sativa var. crispa) makro ve
mikro besin içerikleri üzerine etkisini belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır.
Çalışmada VK’un dozları ile; 0 (VK0), %2.5 (VK1) ve  %5 (VK2) (w/w), kuraklık stresi seviyeleri;
kontrol (KS100) (eksilen nemin tarla kapasitesine getirilmesi), orta derecede
kuraklık (KS50) (kontrol konusuna verilen suyun %50’si), şiddetli kuraklık
(KS25) (kontrol konusuna verilen suyun %25’i) kullanılmıştır. Bitkiler 46 gün
boyunca bu koşullar altında tutulmuş ve bu sürenin sonunda hasat edilerek makro
ve mikro besin içerikleri bakımından değerlendirilmiştir. Orta ve şiddetli
kuraklık stresi, bitkilerin N, P, K konsantrasyonlarını kontrole göre önemli
seviyelerde artırırken, Fe, Mn, Zn ve Cu konsantrasyonlarında ise azalmalara
neden olmuştur. Ca ve Mg içeriklerindeki etkisi önemsiz bulunmuştur. Bununla
birlikte, kuraklık stresi altında tüm mineral element içerikleri, VK
uygulamaları ile birlikte önemli ölçüde artmıştır. Bu artışlar %5 VK
uygulamasında çoğunlukla daha etkili bulunmuştur. Elde edilen veriler, VK’un
kuraklık stresi koşullarında kıvırcık salatanın mineral madde içerikleri
üzerinde olumlu etkide bulunduğunu göstermiştir.
N-acetylcysteine treatment in viral-induced acute liver failure
Authors: Nabi Tauseef , Rafiq Nadeema
Published: July 2019

Background: Acute liver failure (ALF) is characterized by acute derangement of liver function and carries high mortality. Viral hepatitis is still one of the main causes of ALF in the India as well in world. A prospective case control study was carried with the aim to determine the effect of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) on survival of viral-ALF patients.

Methods: 37 patients with a diagnosis of viral-ALF were included in the study. 18 patients received NAC infusion for 72 hrs whereas 19 patients in control group received placebo. The variables evaluated were demographic, biochemical, outcome and length of hospital stay.

Results: Out of 37 viral-ALF patients, acute HEV-induced ALF (48.6%) was most common followed by HBV (24.3%) and HAV (21.6%). The two groups were comparable for the various baseline characteristics (age, INR, bilirubin, ALT, creatinine, albumin, grade of encephalopathy, mean grade of coma etc.). Use of NAC was associated with a shorter length of hospital stay of survived patients (p=0.024). A total of 20 of 37 (54.1%) patients died with ALF complications; 7 (38.9%) patients belonged to NAC group and 13 (68.4%) patients to control group (p=0.079). HEV induced ALF showed significant improved in survival than Non HEV induced ALF with NAC administration (p=0.022).

Conclusions: HEV was the most frequently cause of viral-ALF. Overall survival was not improved by NAC. HEV induced ALF showed significant improved in survival than Non HEV induced ALF with NAC administration. NAC reduced duration of hospital stay.
Incidence of complications in patients of Plasmodium vivax malaria at a tertiary center in Northwest India
Authors: Nagarwal Amitesh , Meena P. D.
Published: July 2019

Background: Malaria is a protozoal disease caused by infection with parasites of Plasmodium species, such as P. vivax, P. falciparum, P. malariae, P. ovale and P. knowlesi through female Anopheles mosquito. Plasmodium vivax alone causes 60 to 65% of infections in India. The main objective of the study was to observe various complications in the patients affected with P. vivax malaria and to analyse the clinical, hematological and biochemical profile of these patients.Methods: A non-randomized prospective study was carried out on 170 patients with acute febrile illness admitted in the department of Medicine, SMS Hospital, Jaipur during period from October 2011 to September 2012 presented The infection was confirmed by detection of parasite (for P. vivax) in peripheral blood film by thick and thin slide methods and rapid diagnostic test (Optimal test).Results: Male preponderance was seen in the study. Death was noted in 5 (3%) patients. Thrombocytopenia (85%) was the most common finding observed. Level of serum creatinine was more than 1.5 mg/dl in 34.7% patients. Thirty-one patients (18.23%) had severe anaemia (Hb <6 gm/dl). Severe hypoglycemia was observed in 19 patients (<40-60 mg/dl). Acute renal failure was common comorbidity observed in majority of the patients. Mean LDH value was significantly higher in patients with hepatitis and anemia.Conclusions: The clinical pattern of P. vivax monoinfection has changed recently. Every patient of P. vivax malaria should be evaluated thoroughly for clinical or biochemical evidence of any complications and patients presenting with complications should managed as per guidelines of severe malaria.
Detection of disturbed forest ecosystems in the forest-steppe zone using reflectance values
Authors:   Belgorod State University, Terekhin E.A.
Published: July 2019

This paper presents results of the assessment of discriminant analysis potentialities for detecting disturbed forest ecosystems in the forest-steppe zone using their reflectance spectrum properties. A new method is proposed for the automated detection of disturbed forest stands among forest-covered lands, based on the discriminant analysis of the magnitude of changes in the reflectance in various spectral ranges. Using experimental data from 1836 forest areas typical of the forest-steppe zone of the Central Chernozem region, we propose equations that allow a specific forest area to be classified as disturbed or undisturbed forests in an automated mode. The accuracy of disturbed forest detection is about 90%. It is found that variations in the short-wave infrared reflectance are most informative for disturbed forest land detection when compared with the reflectance variations detected by the Landsat sensors in the other spectral ranges.
Sharp focusing of a light field with polarization and phase singularities of an arbitrary order
Authors:   IPSI RAS – Branch of the FSRC “Crystallography and Photonics” RAS, Kotlyar V.V. ,   Samara National Research University, Stafeev S.S. ,   IPSI RAS – Branch of the FSRC “Crystallography and Photonics” RAS,   Samara National Research University, Kovalev A.A. ,   IPSI RAS – Branch of the FSRC “Crystallography and Photonics” RAS,   Samara National Research University
Published: July 2019

Using the Richards-Wolf formalism, we obtain general expressions for all components of the electric and magnetic strength vectors near the sharp focus of an optical vortex with the topological charge m and nth-order azimuthal polarization. From these equations, simple consequences are derived for different values of m and n. If m=n>1, there is a non-zero intensity on the optical axis, like the one observed when focusing a vortex-free circularly polarized light field. If n=m+2, there is a reverse flux of light energy near the optical axis in the focal plane. The derived expressions can be used both for simulating the sharp focusing of optical fields with the double singularity (phase and polarization) and for a theoretical analysis of focal distributions of the intensity and the Poynting vector, allowing one to reveal the presence of rotational symmetry or the on-axis reverse energy flux, as well as the focal spot shape (a circle or a doughnut).
Diffractive optical elements for the generating cylindrical beams of different orders
Authors:   IPSI RAS – Branch of the FSRC “Crystallography and Photonics” RAS, Degtyarev S.A. ,   Samara National Research University, Savelyev D.A. ,   IPSI RAS – Branch of the FSRC “Crystallography and Photonics” RAS,   Samara National Research University, Karpeev S.V. ,   IPSI RAS – Branch of the FSRC “Crystallography and Photonics” RAS,   Samara National Research University
Published: July 2019

The paper proposes a method for calculating the phase function of subwavelength diffractive optical elements. The method is based on diffraction gratings with a varying period for generating vector beams with arbitrary-order cylindrical polarization. Formulas for the phase function of the grating are obtained with due regard for the period variation for increasing the efficiency of the polarization conversion of the incident beam. The obtained phase functions are supposed to be used for creating polarization-conversion diffractive optical elements for noise-resistant optical communication systems.
Measurement of the orbital angular momentum of an astigmatic Hermite–Gaussian beam
Authors:   IPSI RAS – Branch of the FSRC “Crystallography and Photonics” RAS, Kotlyar V.V. ,   Samara National Research University, Kovalev A.A. ,   IPSI RAS – Branch of the FSRC “Crystallography and Photonics” RAS,   Samara National Research University, Porfirev A.P. ,   IPSI RAS – Branch of the FSRC “Crystallography and Photonics” RAS,   Samara National Research University
Published: July 2019

Here we study three different types of astigmatic Gaussian beams, whose complex amplitude in the Fresnel diffraction zone is described by the complex argument Hermite polynomial of the order (n, 0). The first type is a circularly symmetric Gaussian optical vortex with and a topological charge n after passing through a cylindrical lens. On propagation, the optical vortex "splits" into n first-order optical vortices. Its orbital angular momentum per photon is equal to n. The second type is an elliptical Gaussian optical vortex with a topological charge n after passing through a cylindrical lens. With a special choice of the ellipticity degree (1: 3), such a beam retains its structure upon propagation and the degenerate intensity null on the optical axis does not “split” into n optical vortices. Such a beam has fractional orbital angular momentum not equal to n. The third type is the astigmatic Hermite-Gaussian beam (HG) of order (n, 0), which is generated when a HG beam passes through a cylindrical lens. The cylindrical lens brings the orbital angular momentum into the original HG beam. The orbital angular momentum of such a beam is the sum of the vortex and astigmatic components, and can reach large values (tens and hundreds of thousands per photon). Under certain conditions, the zero intensity lines of the HG beam "merge" into an n-fold degenerate intensity null on the optical axis, and the orbital angular momentum of such a beam is equal to n. Using intensity distributions of the astigmatic HG beam in foci of two cylindrical lenses, we calculate the normalized orbital angular momentum which differs only by 7 % from its theoretical orbital angular momentum value (experimental orbital angular momentum is –13,62, theoretical OAM is –14.76).
Transmission and detection of informationally loaded beams of wavelength 1530 nm in a random fluctuating medium
Authors:   IPSI RAS – Branch of the FSRC “Crystallography and Photonics” RAS, Karpeev S.V. ,   Samara National Research University, Podlipnov V.V. ,   IPSI RAS – Branch of the FSRC “Crystallography and Photonics” RAS,   Samara National Research University, Ivliev N.A. ,   IPSI RAS – Branch of the FSRC “Crystallography and Photonics” RAS,   Samara National Research University, Paranin V.D. ,   IPSI RAS – Branch of the FSRC “Crystallography and Photonics” RAS
Published: July 2019

The propagation of variously structured vortex beams of wavelength 1530 nm through a random distorting medium was experimentally investigated. An effect of the aerosol barrier on the scintillation index of the beam was analyzed. The possibility of the correlation detection of the presence of a vortex phase under the beam wandering caused by a flow of warm air was experimentally investigated.
Experimental investigation of the stability of Bessel beams in the atmosphere
Authors:   Samara National Research University, Vasilyev V.S. , Kapustin A.I. ,   Samara National Research University, Skidanov R.V. ,   IPSI RAS – Branch of the FSRC “Crystallography and Photonics” RAS, Podlipnov V.V. ,   IPSI RAS – Branch of the FSRC “Crystallography and Photonics” RAS, Ivliev N.A. ,   Samara National Research University, Ganchevskaya S.V. ,   Samara National Research University,   IPSI RAS – Branch of the FSRC “Crystallography and Photonics” RAS
Published: July 2019

We described an experiment on passing Bessel beams through the atmosphere with heat-trolled flows. We showed that at small distances, while passing through the region with a hot air flow, the Bessel beam can be distorted to a complete loss of the structure, but with further propagation over large distances it completely restores its structure. We also described an experiment with the passage of superpositions of vortex beams through the atmosphere with heat flows and aerosols.
Numerical simulation of 2D electrodynamic problems with unstructured triangular meshes
Authors:   Institute of Applied Physics RAS, Fadeev D.A.
Published: July 2019

We present a generalization of standard leap-frog plus Yee mesh approach for Cauchy problem in electrodynamics simulations on unstructured triangulated mesh. The presented approach still inherits from finite-difference time-domain and do not use techniques developed in finite-volume time-domain approach. In the paper the whole flow from mesh creation to actual simulation is presented. The proposed computation flow is parallel ready and can be implemented for distributed systems (computation servers, graphical processing units, etc.). We studied the influence of non-regular triangulation on stability and dispersion properties of numerical solution.
On the use of a multi-raster input of one-dimensional signals in two-dimensional optical correlators
Authors:   Peter the Great St.Petersburg Polytechnic University, Kuzmin M.S. ,   The Bonch-Bruevich Saint-Petersburg State University of Telecommunications, Davydov V.V. ,   Peter the Great St.Petersburg Polytechnic University, Rogov S.A. ,   Peter the Great St.Petersburg Polytechnic University,   The Bonch-Bruevich Saint-Petersburg State University of Telecommunications
Published: July 2019

A mathematical description of a coherent optical correlator for the multi-raster input of long signals is given. It is shown that such an input makes it possible to reduce the value of false correlation maxima that are generally found at the output of a correlator with a single-raster input. It is shown that false maxima do not appear when processing signals with a thumbtack ambiguity function, allowing one to do without a multi-raster input. The results of the theoretical analysis are confirmed by experiments with chirp signals and M-sequence type signals.
Improvements of programing methods for finding reference lines on X-ray images
Authors:   Southern Federal University, Al-Temimi A.M.S. , Pilidi V.S. ,   Southern Federal University
Published: July 2019

The paper gives an overview of the algorithms developed to obtain reference lines and angles on X-ray images. These geometrical characteristics are used in the medical analysis of human joints. We propose the algorithm’s modifications based on the analysis of numerous X-ray images. These modifications allowed obtaining a great increase in calculation speed and the improvement of final results quality given by the corresponding application. They also lead to a significant reduction of manual tuning of the program, arising only in the rare cases when the properties of given images differ significantly from the mean ones.
Test-object recognition in thermal images
Authors:   JSC “Scientific and Production Association “State Institute of Applied Optics”, Mingalev A.V. , Belov A.V. ,   JSC “Scientific and Production Association “State Institute of Applied Optics”, Gabdullin I.M. ,   JSC “Scientific and Production Association “State Institute of Applied Optics”, Agafonova R.R. ,   JSC “Scientific and Production Association “State Institute of Applied Optics”, Shusharin S.N. ,   JSC “Scientific and Production Association “State Institute of Applied Optics”
Published: July 2019

The paper presents a comparative analysis of several methods for recognition of test-object position in a thermal image when setting and testing characteristics of thermal image channels in an automated mode. We consider methods of image recognition based on the correlation image comparison, Viola-Jones method, LeNet classificatory convolutional neural network, GoogleNet (Inception v.1) classificatory convolutional neural network, and a deep-learning-based convolutional neural network of Single-Shot Multibox Detector (SSD) VGG16 type. The best performance is reached via using the deep-learning-based convolutional neural network of the VGG16-type. The main advantages of this method include robustness to variations in the test object size; high values of accuracy and recall parameters; and doing without additional methods for RoI (region of interest) localization.
A classification of semi-fragile watermarking systems for JPEG images
Authors:   Samara National Research University, Egorova A.A. , Fedoseev V.A. ,   IPSI RAS – Branch of the FSRC “Crystallography and Photonics” RAS,   Samara National Research University
Published: July 2019

The article discusses semi-fragile digital watermarking systems designed to protect JPEG images against unauthorized changes. These systems allow detecting and locating changes, and some of them are able to restore the original content. Formal schemes describing the procedures for watermark embedding and authentication are given. We consider more than a dozen systems of this type and classify them according to various criteria. We also consider the results of experimental studies of these systems estimating their level of distortions arising from watermark embedding. In addition, we test the systems whether they are able to operate in the semi-fragile way.
Comparison of binary feature points descriptors of images under distortion conditions
Authors:   Vitebsk State University named after P.M. Masherov, Krasnabayeu E.A. , Chistabayeu D.V. ,   Design Bureau “Display”, Malyshev A.L. ,   Vitebsk State University named after P.M. Masherov
Published: July 2019

The article is devoted to the review and analysis of binary descriptors of feature points of objects in digital images under distortion conditions. An overview of the BRIEF, ORB, BRISK, FREAK, AKAZE, LATCH methods is given. The evaluation of properties of the descriptors on sample images is performed. The paper addresses problems of using these methods for real time image processing.
GPU acceleration of edge detection algorithm based on local variance and integral image: application to air bubbles boundaries extraction
Authors:   Laboratory of Metrology and Energetic Systems, National School of Engineers of Monastir, Bettaieb Afef , Filali Nabila ,   Laboratory of Metrology and Energetic Systems, National School of Engineers of Monastir, Filali Taoufik ,   Laboratory of Metrology and Energetic Systems, National School of Engineers of Monastir, Ben Aissia Habib ,   Laboratory of Metrology and Energetic Systems, National School of Engineers of Monastir
Published: July 2019

Accurate detection of air bubbles boundaries is of crucial importance in determining the performance and in the study of various gas/liquid two-phase flow systems. The main goal of this work is edge extraction of air bubbles rising in two-phase flow in real-time. To accomplish this, a fast algorithm based on local variance is improved and accelerated on the GPU to detect bubble contour. The proposed method is robust against changes of intensity contrast of edges and capable of giving high detection responses on low contrast edges. This algorithm is performed in two steps: in the first step, the local variance of each pixel is computed based on integral image, and then the resulting contours are thinned to generate the final edge map. We have implemented our algorithm on an NVIDIA GTX 780 GPU. The parallel implementation of our algorithm gives a speedup factor equal to 17x for high resolution images (1024×1024 pixels) compared to the serial implementation. Also, quantitative and qualitative assessments of our algorithm versus the most common edge detection algorithms from the literature were performed. A remarkable performance in terms of results accuracy and computation time is achieved with our algorithm.
Technology of enhancing image detalization with nonlinear correction of highly gradient fragments
Authors:   Samara National Research University, Fursov V.A. ,   IPSI RAS – Branch of the FSRC “Crystallography and Photonics” RAS, Goshin Ye.V. ,   Samara National Research University,   IPSI RAS – Branch of the FSRC “Crystallography and Photonics” RAS, Medvedeva K.S. ,   Samara National Research University
Published: July 2019

The article is devoted to the problem of improving the quality of images recorded using low-resolution optical instruments, including diffraction-based cameras. A two-stage image correction technology is proposed. At the first stage, the correction is carried out using a linear FIR filter with a centrally symmetric frequency response in the form of quadratic and exponential functions. The resulting image is then processed with a non-linear filter that performs computer retouching of image areas characterized by a noticeable brightness difference. This procedure is only performed on those pixels in which the absolute value of gradients in different directions is sufficiently high, that is, they are located on the borders of areas with different intensity levels. This allows us to avoid noise amplification in the background, which is typical of traditional filters. The examples of the implementation are provided, showing the possibility of achieving high sharpness and illustrating how the filter can be adjusted by visual perception.
The use of atomic force microscopy to assess the quality of cleaning and tribometric properties of a silicon wafer surface
Authors:   Kazan National Research Technical University n.a. A.N. Tupolev – KAI, Mikheev I.D. , Vakhitov F.Kh. ,   Kazan National Research Technical University n.a. A.N. Tupolev – KAI
Published: July 2019

Differences in the values of adhesive forces of interaction between the probe tip of an atomic force microscope and the cleaned surfaces of silicon wafers during their treatment with isopropyl alcohol and distilled water were investigated experimentally. It was shown that the presence of water molecules on the surface of the substrates leads to a significant (approximately 5 times) change in the value of these forces. It was found that the use of AFM allows the relative magnitude of friction forces in small areas of silicon wafer surfaces to be estimated.
DNMT3B-579G>T (rs1569686G>T) polymorphism and the risk of multiple sclerosis in a subset of Iranian population
Authors: Yazdanpanahi Nasrin , Etemadifar Masoud , Shams Elaheh
Published: July 2019

Background: Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) methyltransferase 3 beta (DNMT3B) gene encodes an MT enzyme involving in de novo methylation of DNA. The present investigation aimed to explore the association of DNMT3B-579G>T (rs1569686) polymorphism with multiple sclerosis (MS). Methods: 130 Iranian patients with MS and 130 controls were genotyped for the DNMT3B-579G>T using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method. Results: There was no statistically significant association between DNMT3B-579G>T and susceptibility to MS. The alleles and genotypes of DNMT3B-579G>T did not have different risks of MS development under various models [T vs. G (P = 0.86); GTvs. GG (P = 0.48); TT vs. GG (P > 0.99); GT+TT vs. GG (P = 0.60), and TT vs. GG+GT (P = 0.87)]. Also, there was no statistically significant association between genotypes and clinical and demographic characteristics of patients (P > 0.05). Conclusion: The current findings suggest that DNMT3B-579G>T is probably not a crucial potential risk marker in molecular diagnostics of MS among Iranian. However, to the best of our knowledge, this is the ﬁrst genetic association study about the DNMT3B polymorphisms and MS. Therefore, further surveys should be included to estimate the exact relevance of DNMT3B gene to the development of autoimmune disorders like MS.
Cerebral hemodynamic abnormalities of patients with ischemic stroke who are opium addicted: A study by transcranial doppler ultrasonography
Authors: Moadabi Yaser , Saberi Alia , Hoseini Sajjad , Karimi Ashkan , Yousefzadeh-Chabok Shahrokh
Published: July 2019

Background: Ischemic stroke as the major cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide has different risk factors. One of its modifiable risk factors is opium addiction whose role is not clear yet. This study aimed at assessing the hemodynamic parameters in ischemic stroke patients addicted to opium using transcranial Doppler (TCD) ultrasonography and comparing them with non-addicted patients. Methods: This comparative cross-sectional study was conducted in an academic hospital in the north of Iran in 2016. All the patients diagnosed as ischemic stroke underwent cerebrovascular ultrasound in the first 4 days of symptoms onset. Frequency of hemodynamic abnormalities confirmed by pulsatility index (PI) and mean flow velocity (MFV) were determined and compared between the two groups. The data were analyzed by chi-square test, t-test, and multiple logistic regression models using SPSS software. Results: A total of 353 patients with ischemic stroke (92 addicted and 261 non-addicted patients) were enrolled in the study. Univariate analysis indicated that the PI and MFV differences were statistically significant between two groups of addicted and nonaddicted patients (P = 0.0001). By multivariate logistic regression model, the age [odds ratio (OR) = 1.143], diabetes mellitus (DM) (OR = 3.875), hypertension (HTN) (OR = 2.557), and opium usage (OR = 9.615) had influence on PI and only opium usage (OR = 3.246) had influence on MFV. Conclusion: Opium usage affects the cerebral hemodynamic parameters and increases the chance of having abnormal PI as ten-fold and abnormal MFV as three-fold.
Wernicke’s encephalopathy as a presentation of severe thiamine deficiency after cardiac valve surgery: A case report and narrative review
Authors: Sarraf Payam , Motamedi Dina , Habibi Arman , Bitarafan Sama
Published: July 2019

The article's abstract is no available.
Anemia; an unusual cause of freefloating thrombus of carotid artery
Authors: Emamikhah Maziar , Yazdi Narges , Mohebi Nafiseh , Eslami Monireh , Moghaddasi Mehdi
Published: July 2019

The article's abstract is no available.
Rehabilitation of persistent aphagia after Wallenberg syndrome by a novel combination method
Authors: Sariaslani Payam , Parsa Dalir , Mohammadi Hiwa
Published: July 2019

The article's abstract is no available.
Tek Parti Yönetimi Kurulurken Manisa’da Genel Seçimler (1923-1931)
Authors: BİLGİ Nejdet
Published: July 2019

1920 yılında açılan I. TBMM, İstiklal Savaşı’nın ardından

seçimle yenilendi. 1923 Nisan’ında alınan yenileme kararının ardından, seçim

çalışmalarına başlandı. Bu, tek parti dönemi kurulurken gidilen ilk seçimdir.

Manisa bağlamında 1923 milletvekili seçimi, özellikle adayların belirlenmesinde

yerelde etkili olan şahısların belirleyici olduğu bir seçimdir. Ülke genelinde

yaklaşık 3 ay süren bu seçimler, Manisa’da beş haftada tamamlandı. Manisa bu

seçimde Meclis’e 9 milletvekili gönderdi. 1927 milletvekili seçimi, yalnızca CHF

adaylarıyla gerçekleştirilen onaylama tarzında bir seçimdir. Ülke genelinde

“ikinci seçmen” seçimleri 10 Ağustos’ta, milletvekili seçimleri ise 8 Eylül

1927’de tamamlandı. Manisa’da ülke genelinden farklı olarak, milletvekili

seçimi 2 Eylül günü başladı ve bitirildi. Manisa’dan yine 9 milletvekili

seçildi. 1931 genel seçimi normal tarihinden yaklaşık 7 ay önce yapıldı. CHF,

63 seçim çevresinin 22’sinde, bağımsız adaylar için 30 kontenjan ayırdı. 9

milletvekili seçilecek olan Manisa’dan, CHF 8 aday gösterdi, 1 adayın yerini bağımsızlara

ayırdı. Manisa’da “ikinci seçmen” seçimi 4-13 Nisan’da gerçekleştirildi.

Milletvekili seçimi ise bütün ülkede olduğu gibi 24 Nisan’da gerçekleştirildi.

Sonuçta 8 CHF adayı ile bağımsız aday kontenjanından İsmet Paşa ikinci

seçmenler tarafından Manisa milletvekili seçildiler. 
Hadrianoutherai’ın Kuruluş Hikâyesi Mitos mu, Gerçek mi?
Authors: TÜRK Mustafa
Published: July 2019

Roma İmparatoru

Hadrianus tarafından kuzey batı Anadolu’da kurulan üç kentten biri olan

Hadrianoutherai, Roma ve Bizans kaynaklarında özellikle kuruluş hikâyesiyle yer

almıştır. Bu kaynakların aktardığına göre, bölgedeki seyahati sırasında

katıldığı av partisinde bir ayı öldüren imparator, başarılı geçen avın anısına

avlandığı bölgede Hadrianoutherai kentini kurmuştur. Söz konusu av, kentin

bastığı sikkelere de yansımıştır. Ephesos’un kuruluş mitosuna benzerliği,

Antikçağ’da avın bir simge olarak krallar veya imparatorlar tarafından çok sık

kullanılması ve Hadrianus döneminde kentlerin kökenlerini Hellen geleneğine bağlama

çabaları, Hadrianoutherai’ın kuruluş hikâyesinin de mitos olabileceği şüphesine

yol açmaktadır. Buna karşın imparatorun antik kaynaklar, sikkeler ve

kabartmalardan öğrendiğimiz av tutkusu, bu tutkusunu eyaletlerdeki gezileri

sırasında icraata dönüştürmüş olması ve Hadrianoutherai’ın lokalize edildiği

Balıkesir çevresinin fauna ve flora açısından av için uygunluğu ise hikâyeyi

tamamen bir mitos olarak görmemizi engellemektedir. Bu çalışma, gerçekten

yaşanmış bir olayın düzenlenerek kentin kuruluş hikâyesi haline getirildiğini

ortaya koymaktadır. 
The divisive character of public works programmes
Authors: Cseh-Papp Imola
Published: July 2019

Among the tools of labour market, public works is one of the oldest; therefore its use is almost natural. Although at the same time it is the aim of public works, the extent and targetedness of its use which decide whether public works functions as an active tool of employment policy or rather as a socio-political tool to manage poverty. Connecting welfare to public works (workfare) can only be understood related to reintegration efforts aiming at the unemployed and also to fighting poverty. The aim of reintegrating programmes is to support the permanent unemployed and other underprivileged groups to return to labour market. The principle of public works in Hungarian practice is: „work instead of social benefit”. The question is whether public works is a relevant and professionally supportable tool in the long run for those who are interested or something else might prove more efficient. The study presents the issue of this dichotomy. The actuality of the chosen topic is given by the fact that the amount the national resource spent on public works has almost quintupled since 2010.
Rice market information transfer system (mits) in the Mekong delta, Vietnam?
Authors: Nghiep Pham Cong
Published: July 2019

MITS had an important role in farmers’ production and trade. However, MITS in the Mekong delta, Vietnam was very weak. There were lacks of good sources and channels of market information, the market information was outdated, inaccurate and inadequate. In addition, farmers’ ability and knowledge to collect, analyze and use market information were also limited. Therefore, the aims of the paper are to have a real clear picture about the current MITS in the rice value chain in the Mekong delta of Vietnam (rice farmer’s demands of rice market information, sources of rice market information, channels of rice market information, rice market information utilization and impacts of MITS on rice farmers in the Mekong delta, Vietnam). This paper gives an overview about 15 structural interviews made with 15 rice farmers in the Mekong delta, Vietnam. The findings of this study show that rice farmers in the Mekong delta, Vietnam have been accessing and using market information from formal and informal sources (Governmental agencies, traders, farmers, and mass media) via 7 main channels (Television, newspaper, radio, Internet, phone, face-to-face meetings, loudspeaker) to increase the selling prices, rice income, to decrease the risks in rice production and trade and to improve negotiation ability of farmers with traders.
The territorial structure and the territorial policy in Vietnam in the 21st century
Authors: Duy Pham
Published: July 2019

The paper aims to identify the characteristics of Vietnam's territorial structure including regional development trends, national development progress, and local development challenges. Then, it will exploit the territorial policy of the nation including the trajectory of territorial policy since the 1980s and the enforcement of these policies under local governments. It not only contributes a holistic perception on territorial structure but also supplies a historical review on regional development policy since Doimoi1 in Vietnam.
A magyar vágócsirke hizlalás költségét és jövedelmét befolyásoló tényezők alakulása 1986-2014 között
Authors: Jankovics Péter
Published: July 2019

A brojlerhizlalás hatékonysága Magyarországon 1980 és 2014 között jelentősen javult, ugyanakkor nemzetközi összehasonlításban lemaradás tapasztalható. A vágócsirke önköltsége igen szoros összefüggésben van a naposcsibe, a takarmány és az energia árával. 1986 és 2014 között az önköltség növekedése csak 98%-ban jelent meg az értékesítési árakban, ami kedvezőtlenül hatott az ágazat jövedelmi helyzetére. A termelési mutatók és az önköltség reálértéke között szoros statisztikai kapcsolat van. A hatékonyságbeli fejlődés pozitívan hatott a csirkehizlalás önköltségére, viszont nem tudta ellensúlyozni az input-output árak alakulásának negatív hatásait.