bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Nilai-Nilai Tarbiyah dalam Tarekat Syadziliyah
Authors: Mudlofar M.
Published: March 2022

The development of science and intellectuality in the Islamic world has fluctuated. This coincides with the ebb and flow of the East-West socio-political world. Seeing such scientific conditions and intellectual positions, Muslim thinkers moved to take a stand. Efforts to formulate Islamic education continue. The goal is to find the right formula on how to broaden the intellectual insight of Muslims while still having a high commitment to Islamic aqidah. One of the Muslim thinkers who concentrated on this effort was al-Syadzili. On the basis of the above phenomena, researchers are interested in studying al-Syadzili's thoughts related to education.

This research is classified as library research, namely, a study that relies on data and information sourced from books or literature. This kind of analysis is useful for understanding the overall concept of the object being studied. In building tarbiyah (educational) values, Sheikh al-Syadzili described them in three concepts, namely through; (a) the concept of Sufism, (b) the concept of tarekat, and (c) the concept of ubudiyah. In al-Syadzili's view, Sufism has the ability for a person to get closer to Allah, the tarekat is a way for someone to achieve the goal of getting closer to Allah (taqarrub ilallah), meanwhile, ubudiyah is a bridge for one's obedience to orders and away from Allah's prohibitions. With these three concepts, tarbiyah (education) values ​​will be obtained framed by the teachings of the Syadziliyah tarekat, among others, (a) the value of faith education, (b) the value of practical education, (c) the value of scientific education, (d) the value of education morals, and (e) the value of social education.
Inovasi Layanan PT Mitra Tour Dan Travel Dalam Meningkatkan Kualitas Pelayanan Sebagai Upaya Eksistensi Di Era Persaingan Global
Authors: Muhajir Ali
Published: March 2022

This study aims to describe the innovations that have been made by PT. Mitra Tour and Travel Gresik and describe the service quality of PT. Tour and Travel Partners after making innovation as an effort to exist in the era of global competition. This type of research used by researchers is descriptive qualitative. Data collection techniques in this study were interviews, documentation and observation. Data analysis techniques consist of data reduction, data presentation and conclusion drawing. The results showed that the service innovation that had been developed by PT. Tour and Travel Partners are PLN payments, PDAM payments, BPJS payments, internet payments, top up credit, Multi finance, tax and vehicle registration, delivery of packages and documents, money transfers, and OVO, Brizzi, Link Aja, Dana iso balances. For service quality PT. Mitra Tour and Travel seen from the tangible dimensions, reliability, responsiveness, assurance and empathy in general are very good.
Tantangan Pembelajaran Online di Masa Pandemi
Authors: Achadah Alif
Published: March 2022

Dunia pendidikan saat ini mnegalami tantangan yang sangat luar biasa dengan adanya kondisi pandemi karena virus covid-19. Tantangan tersebut timbul dalam bidang penerapan sistem pembelajaran yang dilaksanakan di sekolah. Dalam kajian ini menemukan bahwa adanya tingkat profesionalisme pengajar yang sedang diuji serta pemenuhan sarana prasarana dalam kegiatan belajar mengajar. Profesionalitas guru diuji karena dalam kondisi pandemi ini pembelajaran menggunakan sistema daring / online yang smeuanya memanfaatkan TIK (teknologi informasi dan komunikasi) yang pada dasarnya banyak guru yang belum pandai bahkan belum bisa mengoperasikan TIK dengan baik. tantangan lain yang sama pentingnya adalah pemenuhan sarana dan prasarana seperti jaringan internet yang baik untuk proses pembelajaran.
Penerapan Pembelajaran Van Hiele untuk Mendukung Pemecahan Masalah Geometri
Authors: Masikhah Aini , Mahmudah Wilda , Wildani Junaidah
Published: March 2022

Latar belakang penelitian adalah rendahnya kemampuan siswa dalam memecahkan masalah geometri. Penyebab dari rendahnya kemampuan tersebut adalah kurangnya pemahaman konsep dan keterampilan geometri siswa. Sehingga diperlukan kreativitas guru dalam proses belajar mengajar yang lebih menekankan pada kemampuan siswa dalam pemecahan masalah materi geometri. Model pembelajaran Van Hiele merupakan model yang disesuaikan dengan tahapan berpikir siswa, sehingga tepat diterapkan dalam pembelajaran geometri. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui keterlaksanaan pembelajaran, respon dan hasil belajar siswa dengan menggunakan pembelajaran Van Hiele dalam rangka mendukung kemampuan pemecahan masalah geometri. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain penelitian “one shot case study”. Instrument yang digunakan dalam penelitian adalah RPP, lembar observasi, angket respon siswa, dan soal tes pemecahan masalah. Populasi penelitian adalah siswa kelas VIII SMP NU Miftahul Huda Karangrejo dengan sample kelas VIII B. Data yang dianalisis yaitu data lembar keterlaksanaan pembelajaran, angket respon siswa, hasil belajar siswa dan hasil tes pemecahan masalah. Dari analisis data diperoleh bahwa hasil keterlaksanaan pembelajaran Van Hiele terlaksana dengan baik. Respon siswa pada pembelajaran Van Hiele menunjukkan positif. Hasil belajar siswa kelas VIII B SMP NU Karangrejo juga menunjukkan baik. Dan hasil keefektifan menunjukkan bahwa pembelajaran Van Hiele mampu mendukung pemecahan masalah geometri.
Analisis Sistem Antrian Pasien Rawat Jalan Menggunakan Distribusi Poisson dan Distribusi Erlang
Authors: Rohmaniah Siti Alfiatur , Masnikafah Siti , Pradana Mohammad Syaiful
Published: March 2022

Antrian di Puskesmas merupakan proses menunggu pasien untuk mendapat pelayanan. Fenomena antrian yang panjang dan lama terjadi pada Puskesmas Turi Kabupaten Lamongan terlebih pada saat kondisi yang ramai.Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui jumlah pelayan optimum Puskesmas Turi dalam kondisi ramai pasien. Penentuan jumlah pelayan berdasarkan tingkat kedatangan yang terwakilkan dengan Distribusi Poisson, sedangkan waktu pelayanan diwakili oleh Distribusi Erlang. Pada penelitian ini terdapat tiga fase pelayanan yaitu pendaftaran, pelayanan dokter, dan pelayanan apotek. Dalam penentuan jumlah pelayan optimal melihat dari nilai ultilitas. Hasil penelitian pada kondisi ramai pasien di Puskesmas Turi terjadi pada hari Senin dengan laju kedatangan 4 pasien per menit dan laju pelayanan selama 10 menit per pasien. Rata-rata waktu menunggu dalam antrian sebesar 0,035 menit, rata-rata waktu menunggu dalam sistem selama 0,04 menit dan rata-rata banyaknya  pasien dalam antrian maupun sistem tidak ada pasien per menitnya. Nilai ultilitas yang diperoleh sebesar 0,4, sehingga jumlah pelayan pada saat kondisi ramai pasien sudah sesuai sebanyak satu pelayan.
Effects of microalgae inoculated diet on growth performance and blood parameters of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)
Authors: AMIRA KAFIA ISLAM , RAHMAN MOHAMMAD REDWANUR , KHATOON HELENA , SIKDER SUCHANDAN , ISLAM SKM AZIZUL , AFRUJ JINAT , JAMAL FOUJIA , HAQUE MOHAMMAD EKRAMUL
Published: March 2022

This study was intended to evaluate growth performance, physicochemical and blood parameters of Oreochromis niloticus for comparing the effects of five test diets, prepared by replacing fish meal by 25%, 50% with microalgae Tetraselmis sp. and Nannochloropsis sp. with feed without replacement. Two hundred seventy Nile tilapia (mean individual weight 0.023±0.0001 g) were randomly allocated into five treatments in triplicate. The fry was raised in 15 rectangular glass aquarium (18 fish/tank within 18 L water) encompassing water holding capacity up to 30L (each). The results revealed that both the supplemented microalgae alone could not significantly enhance the growth performance in compare to control diet (p>0.05). Low palatability and antinutritional factors may be responsible for the poor growth performance. However, significantly higher survival, better TAN, NO2-N and SRP was noticed in T25 than control (p<0.05). The blood parameters exhibited significant increase of certain parameters within reference range, nevertheless significant decrease in some blood parameters was also noticed (p<0.05). Considering the beneficial impacts on water quality, survivality and blood parameters inclusion of microalgae in fish diet can be a better option for fish cultivation.
Development of preventive measures against insect infestation in dried fish
Authors: FERDOUSI SULTANA SHAMIMA , JAHAN SYEDA NUSRAT
Published: March 2022

The present study was conducted on insect infestation and develops preventive measures of dried fish during July 2017 – June 2018. Six treatments (T1 as control, T2, T3, T4, T5 and T6) were conducted to assess magnitude of infestation and to develop preventive measures to combat the blowfly infestation of the dried punti fish (Puntius sp.) by treating with net, salt, chili powder and turmeric powder. Experiments were done in same temperature, humidity and sunlight (within six days). It was observed that two types (1. Musca domestica and 2. Phormia regina) of flies landed over the fishes after 30-45 minutes kept for drying as there was no dressing of the fishes and no using of nets. After completing the life cycle the blow fly left the fish body and flew away. Finally dry fishes were lost their weight. In this study the protein, lipid, ash and moisture content of Puntius sp. in dried condition ranged from 68.90±1.20% (T6) to 73.20±2.80% (T5), 6.90±0.80% (T4) to 8.90±0.80% (T6), 7.90±0.30% (T1) to 8.70±0.80% (T6) and 8.90±0.30% (T1) to 9.20±0.50% (T4). Protein and lipid contents were significantly varied from each other and there was no significant difference among the six treatments in case of ash contents and moisture contents. T5 shows better result on the basis of chemical test.
Investigation on fish marketing system in Rangpur town of Bangladesh
Authors: ISLAM MD. JAHIDUL , HOSSAIN ARSHAD , FAGUN IFTEKHAR AHMED
Published: March 2022

The present study was conducted on the fish marketing system of Rangpur town to determine specific marketing channels, fish trading, marketing costs, and margins at various levels. The overall marketing cost of fish for aratdar was estimated to be Tk. 0.727, paiker, Tk. 6.396, and retailer, Tk. 4.024 per kg of fish. The total cost of the fish for the various middlemen was Tk. 12.888. Aratdar commission, transportation, personal expenditures, waste, icing, wages and salary, market toll, rent and power, packing materials, loading and unloading, phone bill, grading, and security were all cost items. Paiker has the greatest marketing expenses (Tk. 6.396) due to greater aratdari commission and transportation costs. Paikers' average net profit was Tk. 8.604 during the peak period and Tk. 9.604 during the lean period, Aratdars' average net profit was Tk. 3.516 during the peak period and Tk. 4.498 during the lean period, and Retailers' average net profit was Tk. 16.690 during the peak period and Tk. 17.809 during the lean period per kg of fish. Traders and customers faced a variety of issues, including a lack of input on time, a lack of money, a high interest rate on credit, a shortage of fisheries equipment, price volatility, a low price, political instability, a lack of physical facilities, insufficient storage space, and so on. The study will serve as a foundation for future research into the development of the fish marketing system in this area.
Alat Pemanggil Ikan Air Tawar Berbasis IoT
Authors: Bryanbm
Published: March 2022

Wisata perikanan merupakan salah satu sektor pariwisata di Indonesian,sayangnya pariwisata ini memiliki beberapa kelemahan diantara lain hanya memiliki beberapa titik hotspot atau tempat berkumpul ikan yang sedikit dari area perairan yang luas akibatnya pemancing akan hanya berkumpul disatu titik tertentu sehingga pemancing akan malas untuk datang lagi, tujuan dari project ini itu yaitu menghasilkan alat pemanggil ikan air tawar berbasis IoT dengan gelombang bunyti berbasis IoT yang dapat berguna bagi masyarakat pada umumnya dan bagi pengelola wisata perikanan pada khususnya, target yang harus dicapai dari perangkat ini yang pertama adalah berhasil membuat ikan berkumpul atau mendekat disekitar perangkat yang sudah ditanam diberbagai titik sehingga penyebaran ikan tidak hanya terfokus pada satu titik saja, dan yang kedua adalah dapat mengimplementasikan sistem IoT pada perangkat ini karena sebuah tantangan sendiri untuk membuat perangkat Iot untuk penggunaan bawah air. Ujicoba dari perangkat ini akan dilakukan pada ikan air tawar (Oreochromis niloticus) dengan dua mencoba 2 pendekatan yang berbeda yakni frekuensi dan pitch dengan range yang dipercaya akan dapat memanggil ikan, kemudian akan dicatat bagaimana respon ikan terhadap masing masing pendekatan tersebut dan didapatkanlah pendekatan mana yang lebih efisien. Kemudian pengujian akan dilanjutkan diwaduk menggunakan data pendekatan efisien yang didapatkan dari percobaan sebelumnya untuk mendapatkan analisis hasil terhadap kondisi lapangan atau kondisi nyata, serta analisa sistem. Hasil yang didapatkan adalah ikan lebih tertarik pada perangkat saat menggunakan pitch 1000 yang mana tervalidasi adalah 980hz dan alat ini terbukti ramah terhadap penggunaan konsep “opensource”.
SIMULASI TUNNELING IPV6 OVER IPV4
Authors: Nurhayati Ade , Putri Septi Ayu
Published: March 2022

Pesatnya perkembangan jaringan internet tidak sebanding dengan ketersediaan alamat IPV4 yang terbatas. Kondisi ini mendorong penggunaan IPV6 perlu diterapkan dan perlu diuji integrasinya dengan IPV4. Melalui simulasi Tunneling IPV6 over IPV4 pada Routing Protokol RIPNG (Routing Information Protocol Next Generation) berdasarkan algoritma distance vector dan OSPF (Open Shortest Path First) menggunakan simulator GNS3 dapat diukur performansi integrasinya. Pada penelitian ini pengukuran parameter dapat dikatakan baik dalam hal Delay, Troughput, dan Packet Loss. Delay mendapatkan nilai 79 ms yaitu nilai kategori delay yang sangat baik (excellent) berdasarkan Sumber : ITU-T H.323 nilai delay < 150 ms. Troughput mendapatkan nilai 27,40 Bytes/s maka bisa dikatakan jaringan bekerja dengan baik, karena menurut standar TIPHON, kategori throughput yang baik berkualitas sedang yaitu nilai throughput yakni antara 25-50 Bytes/s.
Tunneling Pipe Mode Pada Jaringan Multi Protocol Label Switching
Authors: Nurhayati Ade
Published: March 2022

Along with the developing and the increasing of data communication users, service providers are required to always improve the quality of their services. QoS plays an important role since it is a parameter of the quality level of a service. Pipe Tunneling technique is one of the Qos methods that will guarantee a service will have its own priority level. With the help of the MPLS-VPN protocol, addressing of the IP will be much more flexible. In this thesis the simulation was done using GNS3 software while the results of the analysis were carried out using the WireShark software. There are two scenarios done by the author. For MPLS-VPN the author simulates 2 customers between companies 1 and 2 where both companies have centers in Jakarta and branches in Surabaya. And for Tunneling, both companies want their services to be given the highest priority among other services. From this scenario it can be obtained that with the presence of VRF on the network if there is the same network usage there will be no overlaps of IP. A service will have its own priority level according to the needs and requests. The results of the analysis are more focused on QoS, especially delay and throughput. From the results it shows that MPLS-VPN with Tunneling Pipe Mode integration is able to keep good QoS value. This can be seen from the average of the delay and throughput yield for Tunneling Pipe Mode that is equal to 84,51 ms and 67,858 Bytes / s.
Troilism, David Copperfield, and the Problem of Eve Kosofsky Sedgwick
Authors: Gordon John
Published: March 2022

Steerforth's seduction of Emily instead of David is an example of “troilism,” of homosexual desire displaced onto a more acceptable third party. In this, it resembles, but is different from, the “homosociality” introduced into critical discourse by Eve Kosofsky Sedgwick. Notably, it intersects with another triangle, that of Rosa Dartle, Emily, and Steerforth, in which homosexual desire is not in play. The storm that kills Steerforth originates in Rosa's thwarted desire for him and, especially, in her resentment of his affair with another woman, Emily, who, from the same motive, she tracks down and threatens to pursue and have killed. Her wish to have Emily “branded” on her “face” comes from a defining trauma, the scar that Steerforth inflicted on her face. The storm is, explicitly, a meteorological version of similar dynamics in play in the triangles of Our Mutual Friend and Edwin Drood. Addressing these novels along with David Copperfield requires addressing and confuting what I believe to be Sedgwick's erroneously “homosocial” readings of all three.
Through the Looking-Glass: “Full of All Manner of Curious Things”
Authors: Hennelly Mark M.
Published: March 2022

This article focuses on Lewis Carroll's repeated examples of “curious things” in Through the Looking-Glass, that is, curious in the double sense of Alice finding the things to be curious and the things finding Alice to be curious. In doing so, it employs several different critical approaches to the overlapping and problematic natures, orders, functions, contexts, and agencies of Carroll's curious things. These include flow theory's account of literally floating signifiers like the “large bright thing” in the Sheep's shop, carnivalesque gay matter like the White Queen's shawl, Freudian, Derridean, and Lacanian approaches to fort/da phenomena like Tweedledum's rattle, transitional objects like the looking-glass itself, liminal sacra like the Sheep's woolly yarn, thing theory's critical treatment of things like the egg that morphs into monstrous Humpty Dumpty, and new materialism's analysis of “things” like the Leg of Mutton who/that questions the binary separating humans and things. Finally, the article considers the significantly self-involved and ambivalent role of the reader-critic in discussing what Alice discovers to be “so many … curious things to think about.”
Recent Dickens Studies: 2020
Authors: Simon Leslie S.
Published: March 2022

This article surveys Dickens scholarship published in 2020, identifying these key trends: (1) adaptations and other afterlives, with dozens of publications appearing that year in commemoration of the sesquicentennial of Dickens's death; (2) form, with special attention to genre and affect, as observed in Victorian studies broadly; (3) gender and sexuality, with a primary focus on Dickens and women; and (4) politics and media, with a new urgency given to fact-checking as a rhetorical marker of critical integrity. The article also nods to the trends likely to increase in popularity in the next few years of research, by highlighting scholarship that deals even tangentially with (5) science and health and (6) race and intercultural exchanges.
Digitalisierung in der Schule und die Rolle der Führungskräfte
Authors: Tulowitzki Pierre , Gerick Julia
Published: March 2022

Spätestens die Covid-19-Pandemie hat deutlich gemacht, dass Schulen sich mit der digitalen Transformation auseinandersetzen müssen. Schulleitungen spielen dabei eine besondere Rolle. Sie sind maßgebliche Treiber für die Initiierung und Umsetzung von Entwicklungsprozessen. Dies gilt auch für Entwicklungsprozesse im digitalen Kontext. Der Beitrag beschreibt Herausforderungen für Schulen im Kontext der Digitalisierung sowie verschiedene Anregungen, wie diese gemeistert werden können. Darüber hinaus werden einige Spannungsfelder rund um digitalisierungsbezogene Schulentwicklung aufgezeigt.
Chancen und Grenzen der Digitalisierung in der Praxis der Schule
Authors: Leimbeck Anette
Published: March 2022

Rahel Tschopp ist seit knapp zwei Jahren auf Denkreise in verschiedensten Schulen unterwegs, die sie dabei berät, ihren Weg in die Zukunft zu finden. Es geht um gesellschaftliche Herausforderungen und wesentliche Kompetenzen in einer Kultur der Digitalität und was wir dafür tun können.
Lernen und Arbeiten in Netzwerken
Authors: Bankhofer Alicia , Fuchs Priska
Published: March 2022

Lernen und Arbeiten in Netzwerken ist in vielen Bereichen eine Selbstverständlichkeit. Journalist*innen, Programmierer*innen und viele mehr verbinden sich zu Communities of Practice. Auch Lehrer*innen vernetzen sich zunehmend, lernen voneinander, lassen sich inspirieren und inspirieren andere. Der Schulleitung kommt dabei eine entscheidende Rolle zu: Sie schafft Gefäße und zusammen mit den Lehrpersonen eine verbindliche Schul- und Unterrichtsentwicklung. Auch die technischen Voraussetzungen sind entscheidend für das Gelingen einer konstruktiven Zusammenarbeit. Word- und PDF-Wüsten sind nicht sehr inspirativ. Deshalb wurde die Plattform www.teachoz.io geschaffen. Sie ermöglicht ganz einfach das Teilen, Suchen und Finden von Unterrichtsprojekten. Die Plattform TeachOz,  die es bald auch als Lösung für die eigene Schule gibt, ermgölicht sowohl das Teilen innerhalb einer bestimmten Community, zum Beispiel einer Schule, als auch global.
Frieden und Krieg in Unterricht und Schule, Angebote für geflüchtete Kinder und Jugendliche aus der Ukraine
Authors: Huber Stephan , Lüke Mareen , Pruitt Jane , Egger Manuela , Eßer Pia , Hoffmann Juliana
Published: March 2022

Dieser Artikel gibt erste Einblicke in die Wünsche, Ideen und Erfahrungen von Bildungsakteur*innen zum Umgang mit dem Krieg in der Ukraine in Unterricht und Schule und zu den ankommenden geflüchteten Kindern und Jugendlichen. Mit der qualitativen Teilstudie des Schul-Barometers (www.Schul-Barometer.net) zu Krieg und Frieden sollen Perspektiven aus der Praxis für die Praxis sichtbar werden und ein Beitrag zum kollegialen Austausch sowie das Lernen aus der Praxis geleistet werden. Die Themen umfassen die Sorgen der Schüler*innen, Wünsche von den Bildungsakteur*innen an die Politik, die Schulaufsicht, die Schulerhalter, die Schulleitungen und Mitarbeitenden sowie Ideen für Schule und Unterricht, für (pädagogische und weitere) Angebote für junge ukrainische Geflüchtete sowie eine erste Sammlung von digitalen Ressourcen für die pädagogische Arbeit in Unterricht und Schule.
"Lesen stärkt die Seele"
Authors: Sippl Carmen
Published: March 2022

„Der beste Weg, die Seele eines anderen Landes kennenzulernen, ist seine Literatur zu le­sen.“ Dieses Zitat von Amos Oz, dem israelischen Schriftsteller und Friedenspreisträger des Deutschen Buchhandels, lädt ein zur orientierenden Lektüre in beunruhigender Zeit. Die Literatur, die eine menschliche Gemeinschaft hervor­bringt, ist ein Spiegel ihrer geistigen Entwicklung, und so meint es wohl auch Amos Oz, wenn er ihre Lektüre empfiehlt, um in kulturellen Dialog zu treten. Die Literaturempfehlungen in diesem kurzen Überblick wollen für den kulturellen Dialog als Auftrag zum Bauen geistiger Brücken eine Stärkung bieten.
Incorrect use for Inhalation Techniques of Inhaled Medication among Children with Asthma in Qassim Region: Prevalence and its Risk
Authors: almutairi Aisha , Alolyan Abdullah M. , Alazmi Afrah H. , Alghurayr Raghad Y. , Alrashidi Rehab A. , Alsaud Jolan S.
Published: March 2022

Introduction: Asthma is one of the world's most common chronic respiratory disorders, and inhalers are frequently recommended to help manage allergy symptoms, improve quality of life, and reduce the risk of exacerbations or flare-ups. In Saudi Arabia, the prevalence of asthma is relatively high. Inhaler misuse can result in a variety of problems. This study aims to measure the prevalence of correct use of inhalation techniques of inhaled medication among children with asthma and investigate whether improper inhaler use can lead to uncontrolled bronchial asthma and its problems. Material and Methods: A cross-sectional study used a validated self-administered Arabic questionnaire given to 180 participants who visit paediatrics pulmonology clinic at Qassim University Medical City and Dr. Sulaiman Alhabib Hospital in Buraydah from June to December 2021. This study used a completed questionnaire consisting of sociodemographic characteristics, questions assess the participants’ condition and its severity, and questions to evaluate their inhalation technique of inhaled medication and if they were educated about the correct inhalation technique or not. Results and Conclusion: Findings demonstrate that number of ED visits is significantly associated with the time of diagnosis and frequency of using an inhaler (P=0.032) and (P=0.010) respectively. When we looked at the relationship between several characteristics and the timing of diagnosis, we discovered that age and times of using an asthma inhaler (Ventolin) in one week were significantly related (P=0.000). Revealing association between variables and frequency of using inhaler; the significant association with the source of advice about on the correct use of inhaler (P=0.005), and way of fixing the mask (P=0.040). Although our study showed enhanced knowledge and techniques using inhalers, physicians and other health workers should teach children and their caregivers how to use their inhalation devices properly whenever possible, and rectify errors when they occur, to ensure that medication is delivered effectively. As a result, future awareness campaigns should focus more resources on educating families and caregivers of asthmatics on correct medication use to avoid asthma complications and control asthma episodes for children.
Frequency and Outcome of Full Term Pregnant Patients with Previous Cesarean Section
Authors: Naseeb Shazia , Bibi Fouzia , Rashid Shaista , Ali Beena Barkat
Published: March 2022

Objectives: To determine the frequency of repeat Cesarean Section in patients with previous one cesarean section To compare the maternal and perinatal outcome in vaginal birth after Cesarean and repeat caesarean section Material and Methods: This Cross sectional study was conducted at Obstetrics & Gynecology unit1 JPMC Karachi from Jan 2020 to31 Dec2020.A total of 137 women with history of previous one cesarean section were included in this study. All patients’ history and examination was taken. The data was collected on a predesigned Performa. Mean and Standard Deviation for quantitative variables and percentage for categorical qualitative variables. Maternal and perinatal outcomes was compared between women who have VBAC and those who have repeat Cesarean section by using chi-square test with P-values less than or equal to 0.05 significant. Results: The average age of the women was 29.88±3.26 years. Frequency of repeat caesarean section in patients with previous one cesarean section was 52.55%. PPH was observed in 37.96% cases while prolong hospital stay in 28.47%. There were 15.33% still birth, Apgar score less than 7 in 42.34% at 1 minute, and NICU admission was observed in 23.38%. Rate of Postpartum hemorrhage and prolong hospital stay was significantly high in repeated caesarean section. Conclusion: All of the maternal and prenatal outcomes were significantly high in repeated Cesarean section as compare to vaginal deliveries. The trial of labor in women with a single previous caesarean delivery can safely reduce rate of caesarean section. Keywords: Caesarean section, vaginal birth after Cesarean, repeats caesarean section
The Frequency and Characteristics of Postsurgical Problems in Individuals who had got Neurosurgical Operations
Authors: Narejo Mumtaz Ali , Akbar Ali , Shaikh Muhammad Aslam , Munawar Muhammad Ali , Arain Safdar Hussain , Shaikh Khairunisa
Published: March 2022

Aim: The main aim of our current research was to assess occurrence and prevalence of postsurgical problems in individuals who had had neurosurgical operations. Methods: From January 2020 to December 2021 a descriptive study is conducted at Neurosurgery department Chandka Medical College, Shaheed Mohtarma Benazir Bhutto Medical University Larkana, most patients remained monitored surgically in post anesthesia care unit or critical care unit for up to four hours. The investigators noted relevant problems and clinical records on a standardized form. Respiratory, cardiovascular, nausea and vomiting, hypothermia, and other problems have been identified. Age, gender, ASA status, kind of surgery, elective or emergency surgery, in addition postoperative placement were all examined as lifestyle factors for the incidence of problems. Results: Six hundred patients treated studied monitored, although the trachea remained deeply sedated in 57 of them after the four-hour study period, hence they were eliminated from the postoperative effects assessment. At least one situation happened in 56.6 percent of the remaining 437 individuals. Respiratory issues occurred in 3.9 percent of cases, airway damage in 5.6 percent of cases, cardiovascular complications in 7.8 percent of cases, neurological abnormalities in 6.8 percent of cases, and nausea and/or vomiting in 39 percent of cases. The most patients had problems throughout spine (68%) and trauma (68%) surgery, comparing to tumor (48%) and other (47%) surgery, P 0.06. Other lifestyle factors for nausea and vomiting were being over 70 years old (P 0.01) and having elective spine also trauma surgery (P 0.002). Conclusion: In patients presenting, here had been very significant rate of early postoperative problems. The most prevalent issue included nausea and vomiting, that was more prevalent among young patients receiving elective spine surgery. Keywords: Occurrence and prevalence of postsurgical problems, neurosurgical operations.
Expression of Alpha Methyl Acyl-CoaRacemase (AMACR) Immunohistochemistry in Carcinoma Prostate in Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Manzoor Mohammad , Muhammad Asim , Sarwar Adnan , Khan Mohibullah , Llah Inam-U- , Mir Hina , Bangash Sudhair Abbas
Published: March 2022

Objective: Prostate needle biopsy samples from cancer patients at a tertiary care hospital were analysed for the presence of the potential screening indicator alpha-methylacyl-COA RACEMES. Material and Methods: This was a Cross-sectional study carried out at Department of Histopathology, Lady Reading Hospital Peshawar from June, 2021 to December, 2021.Regardless of the patient's age, tumour grade, or histological type, all adenocarcinoma prostate specimens diagnosed at the Lady Reading Hospital Peshawar on the basis of immunohistochemistry and routine histology were examined. Standard and mean deviation were computed for quantitative factors of patient like age and frequencies, percentages were calculated for qualitative factors like AMACR expressions. Results: Outof 90 cases, AMACR positivity was found in 68 (85%), while negativity was seen in 22 (15%). Nine (11.3%) of the negative cases had one staining (weak, non-circumferential) and three cases (3%) had no stainings (No cytoplasmic staining). Conclusion: Positive AMACR staining on prostate needle core necropsies may be utilised to support a cancer diagnosis when the focus at issue is 1 mm in highest diameter. Basic hematoxylin and eosin standards for malice require analysis of cell-specific markers like P63 or 34E12. AMACR labelling must be interpreted in the context of other labels that can be used to find out more. Keywords: Adenocarcinoma of the prostate, Alphamethylacyl-CoA racemase (AMACR), Immunohistochemistry.
Prevalence of Constipation in Diabetic Individuals at Endocrinology Clinic: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Abro Mukhtiar Ahmed , Kalhoro Muhammad Amjad , Tunio Yar Muhammad , Chandio Bashir Ahmed , Rajput Muhammad Zarrar , Memon Zaheer Hussain
Published: March 2022

Aim: The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency of constipation in people with diabetes seen at an outpatient endocrinology clinic. Study design: A cross-sectional study Place and Duration: This study was conducted at , People's University of Medical and Health Science for Women Nawabshah Pakistan between April 2020 to April 2021. Methodology: An outpatient endocrinology clinic conducted at our institute using questionnaire & Rome III criteria. According to Rome III, the following should be considered constipation symptoms: (1) fewer than three bowel movements per week, (2) an attempt to empty bowl, (3) hard or lumpy stools, (4) a belief that an evacuation is incomplete, (5) a belief that an evacuation is blocked, and (6) manual defecation procedures. Results: Constipation was shown to be common among diabetes individuals in 31.2 percent of the 372 participants studied. Females outnumbered males in the sample (72.8 percent), as well as in terms of constipation frequency (80.2 percent). The prevalence of type 2 diabetes was 97.3 percent, and 80.2 percent of the participants were above the age of 50 years. Constipation was linked to poor glycemic control (HgA1c 7) in 112 participants. Conclusion: In comparison to the general population, persons with diabetes mellitus who met the Rome III criteria had a higher rate of constipation. Inadequate glycemic control increases the incidence of constipation in people with diabetes mellitus, and further research is needed to prove this hypothesis. Keywords: diabetes mellitus, constipation, prevalence,
Analysis of Effects of Covid-19 Pandemic on Students’ Academic Performance at Post Graduate Level
Authors: Batool Zainab , Munir Hira , Hashmi Rakhshanda , Khatoon Nusrat , Saeed Sahar , Kashif Muhammad
Published: March 2022

The viruses which effect human respiratory system especially throat belongs to SARS family of viruses. Covid-19 stands for Corona Virus Disease, 2019. The corona virus pandemic belongs to family of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) which cause difficulty in breathing. Corona virus originate from china in December 2019. The present study was conducted in Punjab, and Pakistan. The sample of 187 respondents was selected for data collection. Questionnaire was used for data collection. The data were collected from University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Quaid-e-Azam Medical College/Bahawal Victoria Hospital Bahawalpur and GC University for women Madina Town, Faisalabad. The collected data were analyzed by using computer software i.e Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). It was concluded from the present study that Covid-19 had badly affected the educational activities of the students. The students were not getting effective education due to poor availability of internet services and lack of trainings regarding online learning. The educational institutions should train the students to with such pandemic situations with the help of ICTs institutions. Keywords: Viruses; Disease; Education; Internet; Training
Is There a Connection between Tooth Loss and Gastrointestinal Disorders?-A MiniReview
Authors: Khan Umar Farooq , Rafiq Amir , Zeshan Fazila , Mehdi Syed Zuhair , Tiwana Madeeha Nazar , Tai Daud
Published: March 2022

Objective: This mini review intended to study association between tooth loss and gastrointestinal disorders. Data Sources: There was a manual search of major journals and references in the reference list as well as electronic databases such as Springer Link, Science Direct, and PubMed. Duration:January 2000 and December 2021 Methods and Results: A total of 116 papers covering 17 categories of decontamination procedures were included in this evaluation. Among the decontamination techniques used were coatings, mechanical cleaning, laser treatment and photodynamic therapy, as well as air polishing and anodizing. Other techniques included radiation, sonication and thermal treatment. Biofilm generation and decontamination on titanium implants may be prevented and eliminated using most of the disinfection techniques studied. For future study in the creation of novel dental implants and decontamination processes, this narrative systematic review gives a description of methodologies. Keywords:Tooth loss, gastrointestinal diseases, chewing efficiency, nutritional intake and nutrition are some of the topics covered in this article
Antibiogram and Frequency of BLA-NDM-1 Gene in E.Coli Isolated from Carbapenem Resistant Cases of UTI Patients
Authors: Hussain Saman , , Alam Shaista , Mumtaz Shahina , Ullah Ihsan , Ali Momena , Rehman Noor
Published: March 2022

Background: Urinary tract infections (UTI) are very common in all the population around the world. Women are the usual victims of the super bug Escherichia coli (E.coli) and usually suffer from UTI once in a lifetime. The multi-drug resistant (MDR) E.coli is very intelligent creature and turned resistant to the antibiotics through transposons, mutations and plasmids. Most of the E.coli harbors the gene bla-NDM-1 due to which they have become highly resistant to Carbapenem antibiotics. Objectives: To find the bla-NDM-1 gene in Carbapenem resistant E.coli isolated from UTI patients. To determine the frequency of Carbapenem resistant E.coli in patients attending tertiary care hospital of Peshawar. Methodology: This study was conducted in Khyber Teaching Hospital Peshawar from January 2019 to June 2019. we collected 87 urinary E.coli isolates which were resistant to Carbapenem by disc diffusion method on Mueller Hinton Agar. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was done to unyield the presence of bla-NDM-1 gene in these 87 cases. Results: According to this study E.coli was the most common causative agent for UTI and females suffered more than male patients. The antibiotics Tigecycline and Colistin showed 100% sensitivity against E.coli. Some of the antibiotics like Ampicillin; Meropnem etc were 100% resistant to E.coli. The gene bla-NDM-1 turned out to be positive in 26.43% of the cases. Conclusion: This study concluded that all the E.coli isolated from UTI patients having bla-NDM-1 gene exhibit resistance to Carbapenem. These isolates are very difficult to treat and limited therapeutic options are available. Keywords: Multi- drug resistant Escherichia coli, Carbapenemases, Antibiogram, Plasmids, Polymerase chain reaction, Transposons and Mutations.
Chest X-Ray Results in Covid-19 Positive Individuals Diagnosed at the Corona Center Using the British Society of Thoracic Imaging CXR Arrangement
Authors: Tahir Usman
Published: March 2022

Aim: To assess Chest X-ray results in COVID-19 positive individuals diagnosed at the Corona Percolation Center, Mayo Hospital, Lahore, using the British Society of Thoracic Imaging CXR classification. Methods: Altogether RT-PCR COVID-19 positive individuals tested at the Corona Percolation Epicenter, Mayo Hospital, Lahore between June 25th, 2020 and May 20th, 2021 included in this research. The cohort's mean age with age range was computed. The present symptoms and co-morbidities have been examined and tallied in rapports of facts and percentages. The outcomes of portable CXRs were categorized using the BSTI categorization and described in terms of numbers and percentages. Results: The participants' average age remained 46 years. Cough (69%) was the most common symptom, followed by fever (20%), difficulty breathing (42%), sore throat (6%), and loss of flavor and aroma (6%). (18 percent). The most common co-morbidity included hypertension (six) (22 percent). 3 participants (8%) had normal CXRs, whereas eight (25%) showed characteristic COVID CXRs. There were 23 (73%) ambiguous individuals, with just one (4%) having solitary long illness. Five (14% of individuals) had widespread lung disease, whereas 20 (64%) had detection of lung participation. The majority of 21 individuals (65%) had bilateral middle and lower zonal lesions. Conclusion: COVID-19 CXRs in this investigation showed a range of opacities from pure clear glass to mixed grounds glass opacification to accumulation in the contralateral peripheral intermediate and reduced lung zones. In these cases, the BSTI CXR writing categorization of Corona is legitimate, with both the inclusion of central zonal participation in conventional COVID-19 requirements rather than actually lower zone engagement. Keywords: Chest X-ray results in COVID-19 positive, diagnosed, Mayo Hospital, Lahore.
effect of aromatase inhibitors on infertile men and its relation to sexual desire
Authors: Keshk Ahmed Ali Mohammed , Roaiah Mohamed Farid , Abdel-Moneam Alaa Mohammed , Alahwany Amr Tharwat , Zaki Shady
Published: March 2022

Background: Aromatase inhibitors (AI) can boost endogenous testosterone production without increasing circulating estrogen levels, as shown with estrogen receptor modulators, Aim and Objectives: The study's goal was to determine the efficacy of aromatase inhibitor medication in improving spermatogenesis in oligozoospemic and azoospermic males, as well as its relationship to sexuality. Subjects and methods: This study was done on eighty man subjects joining the outpatient clinic of Andrology, Kasr El Aini Hospital, Cairo University during the peroid from April 2018 – April 2020, and they were divided into (2) groups, 40 subjects in each group.  Results: There was a statistically significant difference in serum total testosterone measured before and after treatment in normal FSH patients with a p value ≤ 0.05. There was a notably not important change in sexual desire questionnaire measured before and after treatment in normal FSH patients with a p value > 0.05, Conclusion: ERs and aromatase share topographic sites in the brain with pheromones, indicating that estrogen influences both early sexual maturation and sexual behavior in adults. Estrogen can maintain libido while also influencing the number of serotonin receptors in the brain, which modulates mood, mental state, cognition, and emotion.
Evaluating students performance in advanced programming final exam questions
Authors: Lohgheswary N. , Leelavathi R. , Lun A. Wei
Published: March 2022

Students grade in a subject is determine mainly from the final examination marks. The final exam questions need to be reliable in order to measure the performance of students in the particular subject. Rasch model able to measure the reliability of an instrument, the final exam questions. A total of 60 students from the School of Information Technology sat for the Advanced Programming final examination. Marks were entered in excel and transferred as *prn format. Marks were analyzed against the Rasch model, WINSTEPS. The summary statistics for person, summary statistics for item, item dimensionality, item statistics, item distribution map and person distribution map  are among the output being analyzed. Two items were identified as misfit items. The Advanced Programming exam questios was very reliable and able to give insight view of the questions. A corrective action is taken to review the misfit item and rephrase the item.
Portable laparoscopy 3D measurement system by using Raspberry Pi
Authors: Bdaiwi Noor Ibrahim , AI-Dhhan Ziad Tarik
Published: March 2022

Minimally invasive techniques have become the standard for a variety of surgeries in all surgeries. Specially، there has been a recent move to integrate low-cost and more efficient technology into standard laparoscopy and endoscopy. Surgery to design portable laparoscopy device and improve visual field stability using, a low cost laparoscopic camera, the portable device differ from conventional in equipment (number, size, Wight, ..). The scope of the control room of the inserted laparoscopic platform system receives increasing attention from researchers, surgeons, and also patients. Although many prototype by using Raspberry pi embedded system laparoscopes have been introduced with a built-in platform smart touch screen system, few of them eliminate the blocked cable. It is suggested to Hardware architecture for integrated system Endoscopic camera design fully modern dynamic platform, facilitating installation without fully connected cables laparoscopic surgical robotic camera with adequate in-vivo motility. Modular design and preliminary test on board.
The Rule of Organic Fertilizer on Fertilizer Efficiency and Requirement Rate for Vegetable Crop on Inceptisols Ciherang, Bogor
Authors: Widowati Ladiyani Retno
Published: March 2022

Utilization of organic fertilizer is an alternative to increase soil health and supply a small amount of plant nutrient. Meanwhile agricultural soil in Indonesia commonly have low organic carbon content (<2%) therefore application of organic fertilizer is recommended. Based on that, the aim of the research is to measure the effectiveness of organic fertilizer on caisim (Brassica chinensis L.) growth, to measure the release of  N-NO3- and N-NH4+, to determine the recommendation of organic fertilizer for caisim on Incentisols Ciherang, Bogor. The research had been conducted at Research and Soil Testing Laboratory and green house of Soil Research Institute, Laladon – Bogor on April to July 2008 using soil sample of Inceptisols Ciherang, Bogor.  The treatments were:  Control (No fert.), NPK, rates of NPK + 500 kg organic fertilizer, 500 kg and 1000 kg organic fertilizer (No NPK), NPK+250 and 750 kg organic fertilizer. The five replications research had been conducted with Completely Randomized Design. The result indicated thats: (1) NPK fertilizer increased with addition of organic fertilizer approved by the evidence of increasing of  plant high 2-10%, leaves number 1-2%, and crop production 16-36%. The relative agronomic effectiveness (RAE) of treatment NPK+various rate of organic fertilizer were higher than NPK alone with value of 136-181%. (2) The release of NH4+-N and NO3--N from anorganic  fertilizer (NPK treatment) in four weeks incubation period  showed balance proportion with N rate. Nitrogen released from organic fertilizer in the same incubation period are 5.39 mg  NH4+-N kg-1 and  12.39 mg NO3- -N kg-1.  (3) The best organic fertilizer rate based on fertilizer curve for Inceptisols Cicadas-Bogor  having low C and N-organic is 560 kg organic fertilizer + NPK (300 kg Urea ha-1; 50 kg SP-36 ha-1; 50 kg KCl ha-1) produce caisim 134 g bag-1.
Cellulolitic Activities Of Actinomycetes Isolated From Soil Rhizospere of Waigeo, Raja Ampat, West Papua
Authors: Nurkanto Arif
Published: March 2022

Seven actinomycetes isolated from Waigeo’s soil rhizospere have been characterized in growth, cellulase activities and pH. These actinomycetes were chosen based on their capabilities in cellulose degradation which were recognized by previous study. Those isolates are belonging to Streptomyces and Actinoplanes genera based on morphological and molecular analyses. The growths of actinomycetes were investigated based on spectrophotometric approach and cellulase activities were conducted based on reduction sugar. Cellulase activities, cell growth, and pH had significant correlation based on statistical analysis.  The highest enzyme activities was acquired from  Streptomyces bobili LIPIMC-A-283 (0,519 µmol mL-1 minute-1) at 96 h of incubation. This study provided important basic information on potential cellulolitic alternative from actinomycetes group, as consideration on choosing low-cost technique using microbial agent in cellulose treatment.
Creación de gramática: enfoque cognitivo-tipológico
Authors: Elizaincín Adolfo
Published: March 2022

Este trabajo ofrece una revisión de la prolongada historia de HABERE, particularmente en español, con alguna mención al portugués. Algunos de los capítulos de esa evolución se detienen en su relacionamiento con TENERE, con quien comparte parte de su significado, tanto como verbo de posesión como luego en la función de auxiliar. Su prácticamente única función (junto a la de auxiliar) como verbo de existencia es brevemente referida. Hacia el final se propone interpretar esta diacronía en relación con la tipología (particularmente la propuesta por E. Coseriu) y ciertos enfoques cognitivos enfatizando la utilidad de considerar los conceptos de síntesis y análisis para observar tanto el tipo como la naturaleza del cambio. Finalmente, con ejemplos, se menciona brevemente la relación de todos estos procesos con las estrategias de las lenguas naturales para "crear gramática" y "crear léxico".
Shareholder or Manager? On Corporate Governance in Private Equity Investee Companies in Poland
Authors: Stroinski Rafal T.
Published: March 2022

The author sets out the development and practice of private equity funds in Poland and their involvement with the investee companies’ day-to-day management. He discusses the specific settings of the Polish business environment, including the corporate governance principles of the Polish Private Equity Association.