bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Factores relacionados con la prescripción inadecuada de antibioticoterapia en adultos con infecciones de piel en consulta ambulatoria
Authors: Risueño Blanco José Alirio
Published: December 2023

Introducción: Las infecciones de piel y tejidos blandos (IPTB) son frecuente motivo de consulta ambulatoria. El estudio de los factores relacionados con no adecuación antibiótica en IPTB constituye el punto inicial para enfrentar a la resistencia bacteriana. Objetivo: Relacionar los factores de las IPTB no purulentas en pacientes adultos ambulatorios con prescripción inadecuada de antibioticoterapia en una IPS de Palmira en el año 2019. Métodos: Estudio transversal analítico retrospectivo. Se usó muestreo aleatorio simple. Se recolectó información de historias clínicas. El tratamiento antibiótico se consideró adecuado si fue acorde a guías. Se realizó estadística descriptiva de todas las variables, posteriormente se realizaron comparaciones de grupos según sí la terapia antibiótica fue adecuada o no; finalmente, se realizó análisis multivariado para control de confusión. Resultados: Para una muestra de 213 historias clínicas el antibiótico más prescrito fue cefalexina (37,1 %); se encuentra una automedicación antibiótica (13,1 %) y 76,1 % de las prescripciones fueron adecuadas. En el análisis multivariante, la automedicación antibiótica (OR 17,523, IC 95 % 1,127-272,5) y la vía intramuscular (OR 44,358, IC 95 % 1,161-1695,461) se relacionaron con prescripción antibiótica no adecuada. Conclusión: Se recomienda la implementación de guías locales en servicios médicos ambulatorios con afianzamiento en sus directrices y la educación a comunidad respecto a la automedicación antibiótica desde la atención primaria para disminuir la no adecuación de la terapia antibiótica.
Caracterización clínica y evolución de pacientes con sarcoidosis en dos instituciones en Medellín, Colombia, 2006-2020. Análisis basal y de seguimiento de una cohorte retrospectiva
Authors: Bravo Andrade Ana María , Henao Villada Alejandro , Mazo Cañola Andrea , Mesa Navas Miguel Antonio , Álvarez Barreneche María Fernanda , Rodríguez-Padilla Libia María , Velásquez Franco Carlos Jaime
Published: December 2023

Introducción: La sarcoidosis es un desorden inflamatorio sistémico caracterizado por la formación de granulomas no caseificados en distintos órganos, que afecta principalmente pulmón y piel. Sus principales manifestaciones son las adenopatías hiliares y la paniculitis, respectivamente. El tratamiento depende de la presentación clínica y el grado de severidad. Existen pocos estudios locales que estudien las características de la enfermedad en nuestra población. Objetivo: Determinar las características ociodemográficas y clínicas de pacientes con sarcoidosis en dos centros de referencia. Métodos: Estudio descriptivo retrospectivo en el cual se incluyeron todos los pacientes con diagnóstico de sarcoidosis que fueron atendidos en la Clínica Universitaria Bolivariana y la Clínica CardioVID en Medellín, Colombia, desde el 2006 hasta el 2020. Resultados: Se incluyeron 52 pacientes con sarcoidosis, de las cuales 34 (65,4 %) fueron mujeres. El método diagnóstico más utilizado fue la biopsia (n=43; 82,7 %). Del total de pacientes,44 (84,6 %) tenían compromiso pulmonar, 16 (30,8 %) cutáneo, 5 (9,6 %) cardiaco y 2 (3,8 %) neurológico. Un 80,7 % de los pacientes recibió tratamiento. En el seguimiento, 11 pacientes (37,9 %) persistieron con el compromiso con el que debutaron. Conclusiones: Esta entidad tiene un compromiso similar al reportado al de otras series, llama la atención el compromiso cardiaco reportado. Los glucocorticoides siguen siendo el pilar de tratamiento y su diagnóstico predominante es histológico.
Eficacia de las células mesenquimales en el tratamiento de la osteoartritis de rodilla: revisión sistemática
Authors: Moreno Babilonia César Andrés , Sánchez Palacio Natalia , Cabarcas López William Fernando
Published: December 2023

Introducción: Las células madre se consideran uno de los tratamientos con mayor potencial para enfermedades degenerativas. La terapia intraarticular con células madre mesenquimales se usan cada vez más para el tratamiento de la osteoartritis de rodilla con poca evidencia científica para respaldar su uso. Por lo tanto, vale la pena explorar la eficacia, la seguridad y su potencial. Objetivo: Evaluar la calidad de la evidencia sobre la eficacia clínica y radiológica del uso de las células mesenquimales (MSC) intraarticulares en comparación con otros tratamientos por esta misma vía, contra la osteoartritis de rodilla de cualquier etiología para pacientes adultos, reportada entre 2016 y 2021. Materiales y métodos: Se realizó una revisión sistemática de la literatura en diferentes bases de datos de artículos publicados entre el 1 de enero de 2016 y el 22 de agosto de 2021. Estudios que puedan dar respuesta a la pregunta de investigación, siguiendo las directrices de la declaración PRISMA 2020. Resultados: Se obtuvieron 22 ensayos clínicos, que incluyeron 668 pacientes con osteoartritis de rodilla. En todos los estudios se incluyeron pacientes con índice de masa corporal por debajo de 35 kg/m2 y con artrosis Kellgren – Lawrence que oscilaba entre grado I a IV. Conclusiones: En general, el tratamiento con MSC demostró ser seguro y tiene un gran potencial como terapia clínica eficaz para pacientes con artrosis de rodilla, aunque es necesario evaluar su eficacia y seguridad de manera más rigurosa en ensayos con menor riesgo de sesgo.
“Soldiers against gangsters?”
Authors: Cano Ignacio , Kriegler Anine , Scott Douglas , Sabela Ntshekisa Zephaniah
Published: December 2023

The debate on militarisation of domestic security around the world is mostly normative and conceptual, but there are few estimates of the direct impact of the use of military forces in public security tasks. This paper assesses the impact on local homicides of the 2019 deployment of the South African National Defence Force in police station areas in Cape Town, a measure taken to stem gang violence. It uses an interrupted time-series approach to estimate the effect by comparing homicide counts in relevant precincts before and during the deployment, compared to precincts with similar homicide rates and socioeconomic characteristics. Results show that there was an apparent initial reduction in the month in which the measure was taken, but the presence of the army was not associated with a significant decrease in homicides over the period.
From Chimps to Bats: Human Social Evolution and Pandemic Potential over 15,000 Years
Authors: McNeill J. R.
Published: December 2023

Baš kao i dosadašnje pandemije, ali i one koja nam tek predstoje, aktualnu pandemiju bolesti COVID-19 prouzročio je sam čovjek. Glavni razlog tome je taj što je ljudska vrsta prigrlila način života neprikladan za ljudski imunosni sustav. Kroz veći dio povijesti čovječanstva, naši preci živjeli su uvelike poput čimpanza, u malim i pokretljivim skupinama, zbog čega se među njima udomaćilo malo virusa. Zbog toga se naš imunosni sustav prilagodio tek malom broju zaraza koje su najčešće pogađale naše pretke iz kamenog doba. S razvojem poljoprivrede, gradova i sve boljih prometnih mreža, život naših suvremenijih predaka, baš kao i nas samih, sve je više nalikovao životu šišmiša, a sve manje onome čimpanza. Najčešće živimo u gusto zbijenim zajednicama koje su pogodovale prijenosu, reprodukciji i mutaciji virusa i drugih potencijalnih patogena. Na to kako nas bolesti pogađaju kao vrstu posebno su utjecala tri procesa. Prvi, koji je započeo prije više od 10 000 godina, odnosi se na prelazak na sjedilački način života i bavljenje poljoprivredom, što se često, mada ne i uvijek, odvijalo ruku pod ruku. Time se drastično povećala izloženost ljudi virusima i drugim patogenima povezanima s domaćim životinjama, iako samo u slučajevima kad je taj proces pratilo i udomaćivanje divljih životinjskih vrsta. Tako je porasla i izloženost ljudi patogenima povezanima s ljudskim otpadom. Drugi proces odnosi se na urbanizaciju i prenapučenost koju je donijela sa sobom. Time se drastično povećala izloženost ljudi patogenima koji se prenose dahom. Treći proces odnosi se na globalizaciju koja je otpočela uspostavom redovnih i stalnih interakcija među urbanim zajednicama, koje su se u početku odvijale uglavnom u Aziji. Proteklih 4000 godina obilježio je dugotrajan trend povećanja učestalosti i intenziteta interakcija među ljudskim zajednicama. U 15. i 16. stoljeću taj je proces poprimio istinski globalne razmjere zahvaljujući prekooceanskoj plovidbi. U 19. i 20. stoljeću još se više ubrzao zahvaljujući tehnološkim pomacima u prometu, poput željeznice, parobroda i zrakoplova. Globalizacija je jamstvo brzog širenja zaraznih patogena, što nam pandemija bolesti COVID-19 opetovano pokazuje, pri čemu je spetkar patogena kojima smo danas izloženi sve širi, a učestalost kojom se s njima susrećemo sve je veća. Za razliku od imunosnog sustava šišmiša, ljudski imunosni sustav nema tu prednost da je prošao kroz 64 milijuna godina evolucijske prilagodbe velikim virusnim opterećenjima. Namjesto toga, evolucijska prilagodba podesila ga je tako da se može nositi tek s ograničenim spektrom zaraznih bolesti uobičajenih među našim hominidnim precima. Stoga je potencijal koji imamo kao domaćini uzročnika globalnih pandemija veći no ikad. Od ostvarenja tog potencijala mogu nas spasiti jedino djelotvorne javnozdravstvene mjere.
Pioneer Rocketry Proceedings Report 2019
Authors: Bohlman Elizabeth
Published: December 2023

The Wisconsin Space Grant Consortium hosts the annual Collegiate Rocket Launch Competition every year. The goal of the competition this year was to design and build a rocket to fly to between 700 and 1000 ft and deploy an autonomous ground excursion vehicle upon landing. The rocket, Istanbul, used a CTI J357 motor to lift it to an apogee of 896 ft, and successfully deployed the ground excursion module after landing. On the second flight attempt, Istanbul achieved an apogee of 742 ft, much closer to the predicted apogee of 750 ft. Unfortunately, during this second flight, Istanbul landed in water, disqualifying the flight. Pioneer Rocketry is very proud to have placed first in this competition, winning the title of Mission Grand Champion.
Predicting Performance and Roll-Rate Minimization of a High-Powered Model Rocket
Authors: Schilder Nicole , Naumann Patrick , Faber Jordan
Published: December 2023

The Collegiate Rocket Launch is a competition sponsored by the Wisconsin Space Grant Consortium which challenges student teams from colleges throughout the state of Wisconsin to design, build, and launch a high-powered model rocket. Teams are scored based on quality of technical reports, project management, outreach, and the competition flight. The 2022 competition challenged teams to create an active control system that minimized the roll rate of the rocket while in flight, as well as reach but not exceed a target altitude of 3,500 feet. Marquette Rocketry is proud to have placed first in the competition and given the title mission grand champion.
PALEOMİKROBİYOLOJİ: ARKEOLOJİDEN MİKROBİYOLOJİYE
Authors: KESKİN Oktay , ALBAYRAK Yusuf
Published: December 2023

Paleomikrobiyoloji, antik kalıntılardan elde edilen mikroorganizma kalıntıları üzerinde yapılan mikrobiyolojik çalışmaları içeren bir disiplindir. Arkeoloji Bilimi, az sayıdaki yazılı kaynaklarla ortaya konulanlar dışındaki boşlukları doldurmak ve tarihi sağlam temeller üzerine dayandırmak üzere ortaya çıkmış, eski çağlarda insanoğlunun elinden çıkan maddesel kültür (kültür varlıkları) kalıntılarını inceleyerek geçmişimi aydınlatmayı amaç edinen bir bilim dalıdır. Arkeolojik buluntulardan mikrobiyolojik bazı incelemelerle geçmişe ait bazı veriler elde edilmesine olanak sağlar hale gelmiştir. Geçmiş insan biyolojisi, yaşam yolları ve ortamları hakkında bilgi ortaya çıkarmak için arkeolojik buluntulardan antik ve antik mikroorganizmaların kullanılması ”arkeolojik mikrobiyoloji”, hücrelerin genetik materyali olan DNA, proteinler veya kimyasal belirteçler kullanılarak eski mikroorganizmaların incelenmesi ise “paleomikrobiyoloji” olarak isimlendirilir. Bu alan, arkeoloji ve mikrobiyolojiyi birleştirerek, geçmiş toplulukların mikrobiyel dünyasını anlamak için benzersiz bir bakış açısı sunar. Paleomikrobiyoloji, antik topluluklarda yaygın olan hastalıkları belirleyerek bu toplulukların sağlık durumu hakkında önemli bilgiler sağlar. Örneğin, tüberküloz ve çeşitli mikroorganizmaların antik kalıntılarda tespit edilmesi, bu hastalıkların tarih öncesi topluluklar arasında nasıl yayıldığını anlamamıza yardımcı olur. Mikroorganizma kalıntıları, antik göç hareketlerini ve farklı topluluklar arasındaki mikrobiyel etkileşimleri ortaya koymada kritik bir rol oynar. Göç ve ticaret yollarını belirleyerek, paleomikrobiyoloji, tarih boyunca farklı kültürler arasındaki etkileşimleri aydınlatır. Makale, paleomikrobiyolojinin arkeolojiye sağladığı önemli katkıları ve gelecek dönemlerdeki potansiyel etkilerini incelemektedir. Paleomikrobiyoloji, antik toplulukların sağlık durumu, hastalıkların yayılımı, tarımın evrimi ve göç hareketleri gibi konularda kapsamlı bilgiler sağlar. Antik kalıntılardan elde edilen mikroorganizma DNA'sı analizi, tarihsel süreçlerin ve mikrobiyel etkileşimlerin daha iyi anlaşılmasını sağlar. Ayrıca, gelecekteki teknolojik gelişmeler ve interdisipliner işbirliği ile birlikte, paleomikrobiyolojinin arkeoloji alanında daha da önemli bir rol oynaması beklenmektedir.
Sonuç olarak, paleomikrobiyoloji, insanlık tarihine dair yeni bakış açıları sunan ve arkeoloji disipliniyle birlikte geçmişin mikrobiyel dünyasını keşfeden heyecan verici bir araştırma alanını temsil eder. Bu disiplinin ilerlemesi, antik toplulukların yaşam koşulları, sağlık durumları ve kültürel etkileşimleri hakkında daha derinlemesine bir anlayışa ulaşmamıza katkı sağlayacaktır.
Efecto del uso de biofertilizantes sobre la productividad agrícola
Authors: Jiménez-Tobón Daniela , Vahos-Posada David Andrés , Galo-Molina José Julián , Ríos-Osorio Leonardo Alberto
Published: December 2023

Introducción: Los biofertilizantes son productos de origen natural, cuya composición principal son microorganismos que provienen de una matriz ambiental en particular, y que tienen la capacidad de solubilizar o metabolizar diferentes compuestos orgánicos e inorgánicos favoreciendo la disponibilidad y captación de estos en el suelo por parte de las plantas. Además, pueden vivir en simbiosis con una amplia variedad de especies de microorganismos y plantas, por lo que resultan ser productos benéficos que aportan al desarrollo de la agricultura. Objetivo: El objetivo de este trabajo es describir el efecto de los biofertilizantes sobre la productividad de cultivos de interés agrícola, a partir de la literatura científica. Materiales y Métodos: Para poder efectuar el presente estudio, se realizó una búsqueda sistemática en dos bases de datos diferentes, una especializada que corresponde a Sciencedirect, y una multidisciplinaria como Scopus; con el fin de asegurar una exhaustividad en el estudio se complementa la búsqueda con literatura “gris”. Por último, como modelo de trabajo se utilizó la declaración PRISMA. Resultados: Para este estudio fueron seleccionados 62 artículos que cumplieron con los criterios de inclusión y exclusión. Entre los años 2018, 2019 y 2020 se publicó el 56 % del total de artículos analizados; India y China, lideran el número de artículos publicados en la última década. El uso de cultivos puros y consorcios de una gran variedad de géneros de bacterias, hongos y microalgas que han mostrado rendimientos favorables en diferentes cultivos, y todos ellos utilizan mecanismos de acción diferentes tales como la fijación de nitrógeno, solubilización de fosfato, producción de fitohormonas, sideróforos, quitinasas, glucanasas, antibióticos, cianuro de hidrógeno y amoniaco. Diferentes cultivos como cereales, leguminosas, hortalizas, frutas y plantas medicinales fueron inoculados con biofertilizantes y los efectos de estos sobre la productividad se midieron con diferentes variables debido a la diversidad de cultivos y microorganismos usados. Conclusiones: El aumento en la productividad hace de los biofertilizantes una alternativa prometedora para sustituir el uso de fertilizantes químicos en la agroindustria.
Leyendas orales de Abruzo (Italia)
Authors: Carrascosa Palomera Cruz
Published: December 2023

Este libro transcribe, edita y traduce un corpus de leyendas orales de Abruzo (Italia), registradas por mí o por colaboradores míos entre los años 2007 y 2017. Son presentadas en la lengua en que fueron registradas (en ocasiones, en dialecto abrucés; en otras ocasiones, en italiano), y en su traducción al español. El primer objetivo es recuperar y reivindicar el tesoro de las leyendas tradicionales de Abruzo y su dialecto vehicular, pues se trata de un repertorio muy desatendido, del que no hay ediciones con calidad académica, ni monografías científicas solventes; y trascender y superar, al mismo tiempo, las convenciones editoriales (no regulares ni sistemáticas, hasta ahora) que lastran el conocimiento y el reconocimiento del dialecto abrucés. El segundo objetivo es explorar métodos de trabajo sistemáticos y precisos aplicables a las transcripciones, traducciones y ediciones de literatura oral, que es otro territorio que reclama más precisas tomas de postura y mejores investigaciones. El último objetivo es dar a conocer a los lectores hispanohablantes la literatura oral y la cultura popular de Abruzo, y contribuir a los estudios literarios que ligan a Italia con España y con el mundo hispánico.
¿Necesitás abortar? Estés donde estés te acompañamos: pandemia y acompañamiento de abortos en la ciudad de Neuquén, Argentina, durante 2020
Authors: Burton Julia
Published: December 2023

Objective: this article delineates the modifications introduced to the abortion support system in the city of Neuquén, Argentina, during the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020. Methods: the research employs a methodological design incorporating both qualitative and quantitative elements. It involves the analysis of documents prepared by Socorristas en Red, semi-structured interviews with La Revuelta activists, and the examination of statistical data related to abortion accompaniment within the health system from March to December 2020. Results: during the study period, La Revuelta adjusted a segment of its support apparatus and facilitated 270 abortions within the health system. Conclusion: the article illustrates that the pandemic and associated movement restrictions necessitated prompt adaptations by La Revuelta activists to sustain abortion support services amidst a period of considerable uncertainty.
Received: 10/07/23|Review: 12/10/23|Accepted: 30/10/23
patrimonio de origen glaciar de la Serra da Capelada (Geoparque mundial de la Unesco Cabo Ortegal, Galicia, Península Ibérica)
Authors: Perez Alberti Augusto
Published: December 2023

La Serra da Capelada está situada en el Noroeste de Galicia, entre la ría de Ortigueira, al norte y la de Cedeira, al sur, y forma parte del Geoparque Mundial de la UNESCO Cabo Ortegal. Se trata de un espacio diferenciado respecto a su entorno lo que lo convierte en uno de los lugares más interesantes de la costa de Galicia tanto por su constitución geológica, como por su configuración geomorfológica y su paisaje.
En un momento por determinar, pero posiblemente enmarcado en el último ciclo glaciar, en la sierra se instalaron, por lo menos, dos lenguas glaciares que dieron lugar a un cortejo de formas y depósitos. Entre las primeras destacan las morrenas, que son visibles tanto en el valle de Teixidelo como en el de Santo André de Teixido, el valle en cuna de Santo André y las rocas pulidas sobre serpentinitas en el valle de Teixidelo. A nivel de afloramiento sobresalen depósitos en los que se alternan facies matriz o clasto-soportadas masivas.
Filogeografía de los Neandertales de la península Ibérica. Estado de la cuestión
Authors: Rosas Gonzalez Antonio , García-Tabernero Antonio , Morales Juan Ignacio
Published: December 2023

La posibilidad de analizar ADN de Neandertales (restos esqueléticos y sedimentos) permite proponer modelos sobre la filogeografía de esta especie extinta. Las ciencias arqueo-paleontológicas se enfrentan al reto de aportar información relevante que dialogue con los datos genéticos. El registro de la península Ibérica puede jugar un importante papel en este ámbito. Hasta el momento se han identificado tres radiaciones de poblaciones Neandertales. Hace 145-130 ka (MIS 6) divergen las de Altai (Siberia), otros grupos antiguos europeos (Hohlenstein-Stadel –Alemania– y Scladina –Bélgica–), además de los representados en los niveles inferiores de la Galería de las Estatuas (GE), a los que se le puede sumar la evidencia de Valdegova (ambas en Burgos, España). Hace unos 105 ka se identifica una segunda oleada en la que poblaciones occidentales se dispersaron por Siberia y sustituyeron a la población local (el llamado Neandertal de Altai). La posible fuente de la dispersión se encontraría en las culturas micoquienses de Europa Central y Oriental, Crimea y el Cáucaso. En Iberia este evento está representado por la aparición de los perfiles genéticos nuevos identificados en los niveles superiores de GE y posiblemente en Gibraltar (Forbes Quarry). Hace unos 55 ka se identifica una nueva radiación resultante posiblemente de la fragmentación de poblaciones durante el MIS 4. Surgen los denominados Neandertales tardíos que engloban la diversidad representada en Goyet y Spy (Bélgica), Vindija (Croacia) y Mezmaiskaya 2 (Cáucaso norte, Rusia). Este evento dio lugar a un segundo reemplazamiento poblacional hace entre 47 y 39 ka, identificado en Mezmaiskaya. El ADNmt de El Sidrón (España) entra dentro de este grupo, junto al holotipo de la especie (Feldhofer, Alemania). Falta establecer cuáles de las otras colecciones ibéricas formarían parte de este grupo y si se produjo la permanencia de poblaciones relictas contemporáneas a los grupos recién llegados. Una posible nueva oleada de Neandertales parece haber tenido lugar en Iberia hace 43 ka, esta vez portadoras del Chatelperroniense, cultura que representa una clara ruptura con la tecnología del Paleolítico Medio precedente. Todos estos aspectos conducen a un cambio de escala en el estudio de la evolución de H. neanderthalensis. Ciencias clásicas y moleculares están en el tiempo de construir una teoría sobre la filogeografía de los Neandertales.
Senior School Students’ Low Perfomance: Teachers’ Beliefs
Authors: Tursunbayeva X.A. , Tazabek Sh.O. , Chsherbakov A.A.
Published: December 2023

The article presents the results of a study that explores the teachers’ beliefs concerning low-performing senior schoolchildren in one of the regions of Kazakhstan. Until recently, the issue of low-achieving students was largely absent from the agenda of secondary education and has not got attention from Kazakhstani researchers. A case study methodology was applied as the principal research method, facilitating an in-depth examination of teachers’ belief systems concerning low-performing students. 22 high school and first-year college teachers participated in a qualitative study in May and June 2022. We analyzed teachers’ ideas about low-achieving students within an ecological framework using an inductive thematic analysis of individual interviews and focus group discussions. We identidied the categories of teachers’ individual, in-school and systemic beliefs. These beliefs collectively contribute to the conceptualisation of a low-performing students, their educational trajectories, and their potential for success or failure in life.
Communicative Learning Difficulties of Primary School Student’s
Authors: Sanina S.P. , Rastorgueva M.D.
Published: December 2023

The article describes the main learning difficulties primary school students face in communication. To identify these difficulties we useda digital adaptation of the School Anxiety Test (Phillips Test). Primary school students from 5 subjects of the Russian Federation were recruited for this study (The Republic of Tatarstan, Lipetsk Region, Volgograd Region, Chuvash Republic, Samara Region). 2031 4th grade students aged 9-11 years participated in the research. The data obtained revealed a significant percentage of primary school students with increased and high levels of anxiety and fears associated with school, which can be predictors of educational difficulties and school failure. Experimental testing of the developed diagnostic program proved that: 1) our initial theoretical assumptions about the forms of manifestations of learning difficulties of primary school students in the communicative area were reasonable; 2) the diagnostic method of some specific manifestations of learning difficulties is valid.
Developing Healthy Lifestyle Skills in Future Biology Teachers as an Important Problem
Authors: Sarvigul Ravibjonovna Otajonova , Mokhigul Rustamova Khalimova
Published: December 2023

Protection from negative vices that lead to the violation of moral education of young people, i.e., terrorism and religious extremism, separatism, drug addiction, drug addiction, violence and brutality. to reduce the consumption of doughy food and sweets, bread products, which contain a lot of salt, sugar and fat, and by giving up harmful habits, in particular, the consumption of alcohol and tobacco products reduction of disease, overweight conditions (obesity) and premature death.
Infusions and Their Pathogenic Significance
Authors: Ra’nokhon Nabidjanovna Muminova , G’ulomjon Ma’murovich Mahkamov
Published: December 2023

This paper explores various disciplines within zoology, emphasizing the interconnectedness of zoology with other biological sciences. Focusing on the evolution of unicellular animals, it investigates the origins of Sporales and Khivchins, with a specific emphasis on infusoria, including their reproductive strategies. The study highlights conjugation and autogamy processes, offering insights into the diversity and evolution of these organisms.
A Review on Role of Different Adipokines in Gestational Diabetes
Authors: Sovana Kotal  , Paromita Mukherjee  , Devali Chakraborty  , Souvik Tewari
Published: December 2023

Adipokines are cell-signaling molecules produced by the adipose tissue that play functional roles in energy or metabolic status of the body, inflammation, obesity, gestational diabetes etc. Adipokines come in several forms, including adiponectin, leptin, chemeein, resistin, and nicotinamide phosphoribosyl transferase. The hormone adiponectin is primarily recognised for its anti- inflammatory and insulin-sensitizing properties. Through its anti-inflammatory, anti-fibrotic, and antioxidant properties, the adipocyte-secreted hormone adiponectin regulates lipid metabolism, insulin sensitivity, blood sugar levels, and adipocyte function. The hormone leptin, which is released from adipose tissue (body fat), aids the body in long-term maintenance of a healthy weight. In order to prevent the body from producing the hunger response when it doesn't need energy. White adipocytes release resistin, a hormone high in cysteine. Insulin resistance is influenced by resistin. Adipocytes secrete a protein called chemerin, which has endocrine functions in metabolism and immunity as well as autocrine/paracrine effects on adipose formation and function. Due to significantly greater oestrogen levels, there is an increase in insulin sensitivity in the first and second trimesters. Increased insulin resistance and decreased sensitivity are caused by a number of antagonistic hormones, particularly placental lactogen, leptin, progesterone, prolactin, and cortisol in the late second and early third trimester. In addition to outlining their mechanisms of action in the development of gestational diabetes, this review paper attempts to summarise the functions of adipokines in the induction of insulin resistance during pregnancy.
A Design Thinking Based Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Computer Assisted Teaching on Knowledge and Attitude Regarding Organ Donation Among Non-Health Professional Students at Selected College in Coimbatore
Authors: S. Bharathi  , R. Umamaheswari  , J. Nathiya
Published: December 2023

Design thinking is generally defined as an analytic and creative process that engages a person in opportunities to experiment, create and prototype models, gather feedback, and redesign. Design Thinking Approach is adopted to carry out the research to correlate the knowledge and attitude among non-health professional students. Objectives: (a) To assess the pre-test and post-test level of knowledge and attitude regarding organ donation among non-health professional students. (b) To assess the effectiveness of computer assisted teaching on knowledge and attitude regarding organ donation among non-health professional students. (c)To find out the association between post-test level of knowledge and attitude regarding organ donation and the selected demographic variables among non-health professional students. (d)To assess the correlation between knowledge and attitude regarding organ donation. Methodology: The research design used was a pre-experimental one group pretest and posttest design. The samples for the study were chosen by using convenient sampling technique, The sample size was 50. Results: Karl Pearson correlation test was used. It reveals that there is effectiveness present in the group. Conclusion: Organ donation is a huge public health concern worldwide. The biggest advantage to organ donation is, it saves lives that would otherwise be lost. A single organ donor has the chance to save the lives or improve the quality of life for several people. So, the organ donation should be encouraged and the people should be motivated to donate their organs by conducting periodical educational programmed regarding organ donation.
Models of osmotic stress as a tool for proteomics and metabolomics of legume seeds
Authors: Leonova Tatiana S. , Bilova Tatiana E. , Frolov Andrej A.
Published: December 2023

Drought poses a significant challenge to the sustainable development of modern agriculture and to the achievement of high crop yields. Water deficit causes osmotic stress and triggers plant physiological responses characterized by reduced water potential, diminished stomatal conductance, and decreased photosynthetic efficiency. Long-term adaptation to osmotic stress entails intricate metabolic rearrangements, leading to the accumulation of osmoprotectants, activation of antioxidant systems, and increased biosyntheses of stress-protective proteins. The severity and duration of drought, along with plant genotype and developmental stage, influence the plant response to stress, consequently affecting crop yield and quality. Particularly in the context of legumes, which are crucial for human and animal nutrition, understanding adaptive strategies to water deficit is essential for the cultivation of drought-resistant genotypes, primarily because these crops predominantly thrive in semi-arid regions. Proteomics and metabolomics approaches, in turn, serve as valuable tools, offering critical insights into the molecular dynamics governing plant responses to drought stress. Furthermore, the use of reliable drought simulation models is imperative for the effective evaluation of legume response to water scarcity, aiding the cultivation of drought-tolerant varieties. This review highlights the perspectives of utilizing different osmotic stress models to investigate proteome and metabolome alteration within seeds of food legumes.
The problem of technical teacher training in modern conditions
Authors: Usoltsev A. P. , Starichenko B. E. , Koscheeva E. S.
Published: December 2023

Introduction. The article deals with the problem of selecting the content of the training of future teachers of general technical disciplines. It is proved that in conditions of multi-vector technical development, and turbulence associated with the transition to a multi-polar world order, the content of this training should change rapidly. Not only the given invariant of this content is important, but also the methodology of its formation.

Aim. The present research aims to formulate the problem of developing the content for technical teacher training.

Methodology and research methods. The developed methodology foundations for the selection of optimal content for technical teacher training are based on activity, competence-based, transfessional and transprofessional approaches. The empirical base was obtained using a distance questionnaire to technical teachers from 26 universities. The following theoretical methods were applied: retrospective analysis of the working conditions of teachers of technical disciplines; analysis of scientific and methodological literature on the problem of combining subject-professional and pedagogical training of a technical teacher; analysis of disciplines from professional training programmes in the Russian universities.

Results. The analysis of vocational training programmes of technical and pedagogical universities made it possible to compare them with each other and to correlate the disciplines of the general professional block and elective courses to the main current directions of the Russian technical development in the current conditions. This made it possible to identify the content of the professional activity of the future technical teacher, as well as to indicate the possibilities for changing this content both in technical and pedagogical universities in order to more accurately match it with the existing tasks of technical development of the state. As a result of a retrospective analysis, a historically formed “portrait” of a technical was described. The following problems were indicated: “physical and technical snobbery” as unwillingness to enter the humanities and pedagogical field of professional activity from the physical and technical content of their subject; a low level of methodological knowledge and skills; lack of erudition in technical fields among young teachers; low professional self-esteem.

Scientific novelty consists in the fact that for the first time the analysis of the disciplines of the general professional module and elective courses of technical and pedagogical universities of Russia revealed their correlation with the main directions of the development of science, technology and engineering.

Practical significance. The conducted research allowed the authors to raise questions about the selection of the content of technical teacher training. This should help in the formulation of the principles of content selection to develop its methodology.
Applicability of the Online Short Spatial Ability Battery to university students testing
Authors: Bartseva K. V. , Likhanov M. V. , Soldatova E. L. , Tsigeman E. S. , Alenina E. A. , Kovas Y.
Published: December 2023

Introduction. Multiple studies advocate an importance of spatial abilities (SA) for educational and occupational success, especially in STEM. Recently an Online Short Spatial Ability Battery (OSSAB) was developed and normed for SA testing in adolescents. The battery includes mechanical reasoning, paper folding, pattern assembly, and shape rotation tests. The battery has shown good psychometric characteristics (high reliability and validity, low redundancy, discriminative power), and is available in open access and free to use.

Aim. The present research aims: 1) to examine the applicability of the OSSAB for university student testing; 2) to describe its psychometric properties and structure; and 3) to investigate links between SA and educational performance.

Methods. A total of 772 university students (aged from 18 to 26, mean age (SD) = 19.55 (1.51), 63.1% females) participated in the study. Participants provided information about their age, gender, university major, and academic achievement, and completed a battery of tests that included the OSSAB tests.

Results. The study reports psychometric norms for using the OSSAB in university students. Students’ performance in the OSSAB was similar to that shown in previous research in adolescents in terms of means and variance. The OSSAB showed adequate psychometric properties in this sample: no floor or ceiling effects; low redundancy; moderate to high internal consistency; high discriminative power across university majors; and high external validity. The results indicated that around 6% of the students showed very high levels of SA (higher than 1.5 SD above the mean), and around 8% of students showed very low levels of SA (lower than 1.5 SD below mean). In addition, the OSSAB scores were linked to educational profile choice and exam scores, with small-to-medium effect sizes.

Scientific novelty. The study provides psychometric norms for a short online open measure of spatial ability in university students.

Practical significance. The OSSAB can be used to provide individual recommendations to students (e.g. SA training), to identify spatially gifted students, and for research purposes in university contexts.
The Effect of Self-efficacy on Daily Life Satisfaction of Female Workers with Disabilities Who Have Spouses: Focusing on the Mediating Effect of Job Satisfaction
Authors:   Research Institute For Life And Culture Sogang University, Choi Soonlye , Lee Hongjik
Published: December 2023

This study was to investigate the mediating effect of job satisfaction in the effect of self-efficacy on the daily life satisfaction by female workers with disabilities who have spouses, to enhance daily life satisfaction of them. For this analysis, the data from 272 female workers with disability among 4,577 from the main versions for the 2nd wave data of 7th(2022) “Panel Survey of Employment for the Disabled(PSED)” released by the Korea Employment Agency for Persons with Disabilities. It conducted frequency analysis, descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, hierarchical regression analysis, mediating effect analysis, SPSS and Macro PROCESS were used for data analysis. The summary of the research results is as follows. First, it was found that the self-efficacy of female disabled workers who have spouses had a significant positive effect on daily life satisfaction. Second, self-efficacy was found to have a positive effect on job satisfaction. Third, it was found that job satisfaction partially mediated between self-efficacy and daily life satisfaction. Based on the results, it delivered policy and practical implications to improve daily life satisfaction of female workers with disabilities who have spouses.
“What a Monkey, Sir!” – about the “Adoption” of the Chimpanzee or New Dimensions of the Old Bio-community
Authors: Waligóra Janusz
Published: December 2023

The author addresses the problem of human and non-human animal relations by analyzing the course and consequences of a scientific experiment presented in Roger Fouts’ Next of Kin. Since the scholar’s testimony, being an example of primatological storytelling follows the patterns of various literary models, Waligóra examines it using the tools of literary studies. At the same time, he considers – in the context of animal studies and the animal-environmental turn – the ethical conditions of various 20th-century primate language teaching projects, including Fouts’ description of teaching sign language to the chimpanzee Washoe. In addition, he recognizes and classifies the project as a convincing exemplification of the gestural hypothesis, i.e. the primacy of gestures in the process of evolution of human linguistic ability.
The “Home” and “Foreign”, Pole and Non-Pole in Selected Compulsory and Supplementary Texts in the Core Curriculum for Primary School (Grades 7–8)
Authors: Sporek Paweł
Published: December 2023

The current core curriculum for primary school classes was the subject of many critical statements by educators and teachers. Its incompatibility with the needs and expectations of contemporary socio-cultural reality is also connected with the Polonocentric vision of the world embedded in it, based on the exclusion of what is foreign, different, what goes beyond the traditionally understood identity discourse based on the uncritical affirmation of Polishness in opposition to what is Europeanness is becoming synonymous with the idea of being open to cultural diversity and axiological pluralism. The existence of this direction of thinking is revealed in the arbitrary selection of compulsory school reading in primary schools, especially in grades 7–8. Critical analysis of this list shows a picture that embodies the aforementioned cultural tendencies, which are implemented on the educational level in the core curriculum, which is crucial for the education system. This text exemplifies these educational trends based on the analysis of the reading material to be discussed in the highest grades of primary school.
Pengaruh model discovery learning terhadap kemampuan berpikir spasial peserta didik XII MAN 1 Trenggalek
Authors: Zakiy Wildan Wilujeng , Handoyo Budi , Hartono Rudi
Published: December 2023

Discovery Learning is a learning model that intend training spatial of thinking skills because in the learning process each student are given the opportunity to independent active role such as problem identification, data collecting, data processing, looking for proof, until conclude the acquisition data that makes them have ability to solve problems in learning material. The study aims to determine the effect of the Discovery Learning model on students spatial thinking skills. This research is a quasi-experimental study with two classes there are the experimental class and the control class which were determined by random sampling. The subjects in this study were students of class XII IPS 1 and XII IPS 2. The data collection technique used (posttest), the data was obtained by analyzed of the independent sample t-test. The effect of learning was tested with the Levene test. The analysis made final result that shows the Discovery Learning Model has an effect on the spatial abilities of students, and the experimental class is better than the control class.The results can be proven from the hypothesis test to obtain a significance of 0.00, which means smaller than 0.05, then H0 is rejected, meaning H1 is accepted. The results of these findings prove that the experimental class experienced a greater increase.

Discovery Learning merujuk pada model pembelajaran yang bertujuan melatih peserta didik agar memiliki kemampuan berpikir secara spasial karena dalam prosesnya setiap peserta didik memperoleh kesempatan untuk aktif dan mandiri dalam melakukan kegiatan interaktif seperti mengidentifikasi masalah, mengumpulkan data, mengolah data yang diperoleh, mencari pembuktian, hingga menyimpulkan data-data perolehannya yang mana akan membuat mereka memiliki kemampuan untuk menyelesaikan berbagai masalah dalam materi pembelajaran. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan bertujuan memahami pengaruh yang ditimbulkan model Discovery Learning pada kemampuan peserta didik untuk berpikir spasial. Penelitian menerapkan penelitian kuasi eksperimen terdiri dari dua kelas yakni, kelas eksperimen dan kelas kontrol yang dilakukan berdasarkan random sampling. Peserta didik kelas XII IPS 1 dan XII IPS 2 adalah subjek penelitian yang peneliti gunakan. Proses pengumpulan data dengan teknik (postest) dimana data dihasilkan dari hasil analisis uji independent sample t-test. Kemudian pengaruh pembelajaran menggunakan uji Levene test. Hasil dari analisis menunjukan Model Discovery Learning terdapat pengaruh pada kapabilitas spasial di kalangan peserta didik.serta kelas eksperimen berbanding baik daripada kelas kontrol. Pembuktian hasil menggunakan uji hipotesis didapati nilai signifikansi 0,00 berarti lebih kecil dari 0,05, maka H0 ditolak artinya H1 diterima. Hasil dari temuan tersebut membuktikan kelas eksperimen meningkat lebih besar.
Análise urbana da Foz do Douro
Authors: Gadelho Novais Tavares João
Published: December 2023

Com origem medieval, a Foz do Douro atual é resultado de um processo contínuo de desenvolvimento, correspondente a diferentes períodos de expansão urbana. Estas diferentes fases particularizam-se ao nível do urbanismo através da malha viária, do casario e do loteamento do território. Neste sentido, o presente trabalho pretende analisar o loteamento da Foz Velha, atentado nas suas dimensões, formatos, a implantação da habitação e a possível existência de logradouros ou espaços verdes anexos, procurando concomitantemente integrar na evolução urbana da Foz do Douro, considerando os vários períodos de implantação do edificado e de reestruturação urbanística.
iluminación al servicio de la hidalguía: el caso de los Praves
Authors: Cabrera Vázquez Macarena
Published: December 2023

El presente artículo constituye un acercamiento al estudio de los aspectos estéticos de documentos de aparato, esto es, aquellos documentos que han sido ricamente decorados con el objetivo de enfatizar su valor jurídico o diplomático. En él se analizan de forma sucinta las iluminaciones, la grafía, las orlas y demás elementos ornamentales que pueblan el manuscrito MSS/11720 de la Biblioteca Nacional de España, un manuscrito facticio comprendido por una ejecutoria de hidalguía y dos probanzas ad perpetuam rei memoriam, que perteneció a una célebre familia de arquitectos: los Praves.
Perfil nutricional de pacientes ostomizados. Hospital General del segundo departamento de San Pedro Paraguay - Corea. 2022
Authors: Chamorro Aldana Sandra , Franco Núñez Raquel
Published: December 2023

El perfil nutricional de los pacientes ostomizados adquiere especial atención debido a las condiciones que podrían predisponer a una malnutrición. El objetivo del estudio fue determinar el perfil nutricional de pacientes ostomizados que reciben atención ambulatoria en el Hospital General del Segundo Departamento de San Pedro-Paraguay - Corea, en el año 2022, se realizó un estudio observacional de corte transversal. Los datos obtenidos fueron cargados en una planilla electrónica Microsoft-Excel, para el análisis se utilizó estadística descriptiva. Para describir el estado nutricional de los pacientes se emplearon indicadores antropométricos y el Screening de Riesgo Nutricional (NRS-2002), aplicados mediante entrevista y evaluación clínica nutricional. El estudio tuvo una duración global de 9 meses, fueron incluidos 20 pacientes ostomizados atendidos en el Programa Nacional de Atención Integral al Paciente Ostomizado provisto por el Hospital General Paraguay-Corea que cumplieron con los criterios de inclusión. Se respetaron los principios éticos de investigación. El grupo etario más representativo fue el de 41 a 64 años o más, seguido del grupo etario de 20 a 40 años; mayor proporción de sexo masculino, procedencia rural. El tipo de ostomía más frecuente fue colostomía terminal seguido de colostomía laterales; enfermedad de base más frecuente fue el de tipo oncológico, seguida de obstrucción intestinal, trauma y por último fistulas y enfermedad diverticular. En conclusión, la apreciación global del estado nutricional evaluada mediante la herramienta NRS-2002 indicó que el perfil nutricional de los pacientes ostomizados presenta riesgo de malnutrición en todos los casos evaluados.