bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Investigation of the Effect of Disorder on the Tauc Edge of Hydrogenated Amorphous Silicon Using Dunstan’s Bandgap Fluctuations Model
Authors: Al-Numan Abdullah , Al-Ani Salwan K. J.
Published: June 2023

The optical absorption edge in both Urbach and Tauc regions are analyzed for hydrogenated amorphous silicon optical data of Cody et al and Viturro and Weiser . Dunstan’s model, introduces disorder into the band-band absorption through a linear exponential distribution of local energy gaps. This model has a simple mathematical form and has a clear physical meaning in comparison to the somewhat similar models of O’Leary and Guerra, yet Dunstan’s model is unjustly neglected in literature.
The most important physical parameter of the model is the energy gap parameter- Eo, which represents the separation between the valence and conduction band edges, it can be considered as the mobility gap of the material. Dunstan’s model is found successful in capturing the optical data of Cody et al and, Viturro and Weiser. A plot of the energy parameters of the Dunstan and Cody models, Eo against Eopt respectively, was proposed here to separate the masking contribution of tail-related absorption from the real change of the band gap, and was found fruitful for this purpose. This is because Eo is a function only of the separation between valence and conduction band edges, while the meaning of the optical energy Eopt is ambiguous because it is also a function of absorption due to tail-related absorption that results from disorder. This simple plot of Eo vs. Eopt , through the slope ΔEo/ΔEopt of the fitting straight line , was capable of distinguishing the different relative contributions of disorder between Cody et al and Viturro and Weiser optical data, Eo value was found less sensitive to hydrogen content variation for Viturro and Weiser data which is interpreted due to their better control of the thin film deposition process.
Keywords: optical energy gap, absorption coefficient, amorphous semiconductor, mobility gap
THE PROSPECTS OF USING OF DISINFECTANTS IN VETERINARY AND SANITARY MEASURES AT THE OBJECTS OF VETERINARY SUPERVISION
Authors:   All-Russian Research Institute for Veterinary Sanitation, Hygiene and Ecology – Branch of Federal Scientific Center – K.I. Skryabin, Ya.R. Kovalenko All-Russian Research Institute of Experimental Veterinary Medicine, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 123022, Russian Federation, Goryainova Galina M. , Gunenkova Nina K. ,   All-Russian Research Institute for Veterinary Sanitation, Hygiene and Ecology – Branch of Federal Scientific Center – K.I. Skryabin, Ya.R. Kovalenko All-Russian Research Institute of Experimental Veterinary Medicine, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 123022, Russian Federation, Skripnikova Alexandra S. ,   Russian Biotechnological University, (BIOTECH University), Moscow 125080, Russian Federation, Shalaginova Alica D. ,   Russian Biotechnological University, (BIOTECH University), Moscow 125080, Russian Federation
Published: June 2023

The article contains a review of the literature data on disinfectants and the effectiveness of their use at the objects of veterinary supervision. A detailed assessment of the use of peracetic acid and quaternary ammonium compounds in disinfection and the prospects for their use in the future is given. The analysis of literature data allows us to conclude that in order to increase the effectiveness of disinfection and ensure the veterinary and sanitary well-being of objects of veterinary supervision, it is advisable to use composite preparations containing quaternary ammonium compounds and peracetic acid.
INVESTIGATION OF THE RESISTANCE OF SPORES OF B. CEREUS STRAIN 96 TO THE NEW COMPOSITE AGENT «CHLORTAB»
Authors:   All-Russian Research Institute for Veterinary Sanitation, Hygiene and Ecology – Branch of Federal Scientific Center – K.I. Skryabin, Ya.R. Kovalenko All-Russian Research Institute of Experimental Veterinary Medicine, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 123022, Russian Federation, Shcherbakova Gulizar Sh. , Pavlova Inna B. ,   All-Russian Research Institute for Veterinary Sanitation, Hygiene and Ecology – Branch of Federal Scientific Center – K.I. Skryabin, Ya.R. Kovalenko All-Russian Research Institute of Experimental Veterinary Medicine, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 123022, Russian Federation, Popov Nikolai I. ,   All-Russian Research Institute for Veterinary Sanitation, Hygiene and Ecology – Branch of Federal Scientific Center – K.I. Skryabin, Ya.R. Kovalenko All-Russian Research Institute of Experimental Veterinary Medicine, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 123022, Russian Federation
Published: June 2023

The work is devoted to research on the effect of the agent «Chlortab» on the spores of the test microorganism Bacillus cereus (pcs. 96). Were tested on a population of microbial cells of B. cereus (strain 96). Experimental data on the study of the resistance of the test microorganism to a new composite agent were presented, the ultrastructure of B. cereus (strain 96) was studied under the influence of the «Chlortab» agent.
VETERINARY AND SANITARY CHARACTERISTICS OF MEAT OF WILD ELKS
Authors:   Russian Biotechnological University, (BIOTECH University), Moscow 125080, Russian Federation, Seregin Ivan G. , Terekhin Roman V. ,   Russian Biotechnological University, (BIOTECH University), Moscow 125080, Russian Federation, Volkov Alexander T. ,   Perm State Agro-Technological University named after academician D.N. Prianishnikov Perm 614990, Russian Federation
Published: June 2023

The results of the study of different cuts of carcasses of wild commercial elks of 2–3 years of age are presented. Shooting and butchering of carcasses were carried out in accordance with veterinary and sanitary requirements. Evisceration was carried out 2–2.5 hours after the shooting. Samples of chilled meat from the neck cut, thoracic and hip parts of the carcass were examined separately. Meat was subjected to organoleptic evaluation (appearance, color, consistency, smell, taste) and laboratory analysis after a day of storage. Pronounced differences in elk meat in terms of organoleptic evaluation were found in samples with wounds in the area of the neck and chest cuts compared to the non-injured hip part of the carcass. According to the chemical composition, differences were noted in the fat content in the meat of the breast and hip cuts. Minor deviations were found in pH of the studied elk samples and in the organoleptic evaluation of meat samples before and after cooking.
TROPILELAPSOSIS OF BEES – A NEW THREAT TO RUSSIAN BEEKEEPING
Authors:   Federal Agricultural Research Center of the North-East named N.V. Rudnitsky Kirov 610007, Russian Federation, Brandorf Anna Z. , Sokhlikov Alexey B. ,   All-Russian Research Institute for Veterinary Sanitation, Hygiene and Ecology – Branch of Federal Scientific Center – K.I. Skryabin, Ya.R. Kovalenko All-Russian Research Institute of Experimental Veterinary Medicine, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 123022, Russian Federation
Published: June 2023

Currently, a severe epizootic situation is developing on the territory of the Russian Federation for the spread of the dangerous infectious disease of honey bees tropilelapsosis. Tropilaelapsosis is a disease of honeybee brood caused by a tick of the genus Tropilaelaps. The article provides an overview of scientific research on the biology of the pathogen, its spread around the world, pathogenesis, clinical picture and methods of diagnosis of the disease. The existing methods of treatment and prevention of bee tropilelapsosis are described. Data on the spread of tropilelapsosis on the territory of the Russian Federation are given.
PROTEIN OF MICROBIOLOGICAL SYNTHESIS IN FEEDING PIGS AND ITS EFFECT ON THE BODY'S RESISTANCE
Authors:   Federal Research Center for Animal Husbandry named after Academy Member L.K. Ernst, Moscow region 142132, Russian Federation, Nikanova Ludmila A. , Artemyeva Olga A. ,   Federal Research Center for Animal Husbandry named after Academy Member L.K. Ernst, Moscow region 142132, Russian Federation
Published: June 2023

The article considers the possibility of using protein supplements obtained by microbiological synthesis in the nutrition of pigs instead of traditional protein supplements. According to the principle of analogues, two groups of pigs were formed after weaning. Pigs of the control group received full-fledged compound feed, the experimental group received a grain mixture with the inclusion of 10% high-protein concentrate. The introduction of a protein feed additive obtained by microbiological synthesis into the diet of pigs had a positive effect on the metabolism, resistance, safety and productivity of experimental animals. In the blood of pigs of the experimental group, the content of lysis and lysozyme was 13.6% and 18.8% higher than in the control group. The bactericidal activity of blood serum in the experimental group was 19.5% higher than in the control. When assessing the effect of feed products and biologically active substances on the body, special importance is attached to the formation of nonspecific resistance of the body. The number of hemolytic microorganisms in the intestinal contents of pigs of the experimental group is an order of magnitude lower than in the control. The ratio of lactose-positive representatives of the Escherichia coli group responsible for the fermentation of carbohydrates, in particular, lactose, was significantly higher (by more than 2.73 times) in the experimental group that received a high-protein concentrate to the main diet. The inclusion in the diet of young pigs, consisting of grain components with the inclusion of 10% high-protein concentrate, had a positive effect on the growth rate of pigs and allowed to increase the average daily gain in live weight by 19.0%. The safety of young animals in the control group was 93%, in the experimental group 100%.
STUDY OF THE EFFECT OF THE FEED ADDITIVE «PHYTODOC NEURO» ON THE BLOOD PARAMETERS OF WHITE RATS IN A CHRONIC EXPERIMENT (message 1)
Authors:   All-Russian Research Institute for Veterinary Sanitation, Hygiene and Ecology – Branch of Federal Scientific Center – K.I. Skryabin, Ya.R. Kovalenko All-Russian Research Institute of Experimental Veterinary Medicine, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 123022, Russian Federation, Pavlova Natalia S. , Pavlenko Galina I. ,   All-Russian Research Institute for Veterinary Sanitation, Hygiene and Ecology – Branch of Federal Scientific Center – K.I. Skryabin, Ya.R. Kovalenko All-Russian Research Institute of Experimental Veterinary Medicine, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 123022, Russian Federation, Dorozhkin Vasily I. ,   All-Russian Research Institute for Veterinary Sanitation, Hygiene and Ecology – Branch of Federal Scientific Center – K.I. Skryabin, Ya.R. Kovalenko All-Russian Research Institute of Experimental Veterinary Medicine, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 123022, Russian Federation
Published: June 2023

The use of various animal feed additives for training and for inhibiting age-related decline in brain activity increases every year. The most interesting are biologically active substances that improve the normal functions of the body. Many of these tools also help to reduce the negative effects of ecotoxicants, the level of which in the environment is constantly increasing. In a fourmonth experiment on white rats, the effect of the feed additive Phytodoc neuro was studied at using at a therapeutic dose (4 g/kg of feed) and exceeding it by 3 and 5 times (12 and 20 g/kg of feed). Upon receipt of the drug in the therapeutic dose, negative changes were not detected. On the contrary, in the fourth month of the experiment, there was a significant increase in the content of immunoglobulins in the blood serum. An increase in the amount of hemoglobin and leukocytes was noted, which can be explained by the effect of amino acids on the metabolism of animals.
THE EFFECT OF CHICORY (CICHORIUM INTYBUS L.) ON THE REPRODUCTIVE FUNCTION OF RATS
Authors:   All-Russian Research Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Moscow 117216, Russian Federation, Babenko Alexandra N. , Dmitrieva Olga P. ,   All-Russian Research Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Moscow 117216, Russian Federation, Krepkova Lyubov V. ,   All-Russian Research Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Moscow 117216, Russian Federation
Published: June 2023

Currently, the development of new domestic medicines-hepatoprotectors for veterinary medicine is an urgent task because liver diseases of various genesis in animals occupy a leading place in the list of non-infectious pathologies. Of particular interest are medicinal plants and substances based on them, which influence the main mechanisms of the development of liver diseases. Such plants include chicory – from the aerial part of which a dry extract with a pronounced hepatoprotective effect has been obtained and standardized at the All-Russian Research Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants. The objective of our study was to study the effect of dry extract of chicory aerial part on the reproductive function of rats in order to preclinically assess the safety of its use during pregnancy. The article presents the results of studying the potential embryotoxic and teratogenic effects of extract recorded in the antenatal and postnatal periods of development of the offspring of rats receiving the studied extract intragastrically at doses of 100 and 500 mg/kg from the 1st to the 6th and from the 6th to the 19th days of pregnancy. When administered in both periods of pregnancy in the tested doses, the dry extract of cichory did not cause a decrease in the body weight of pregnant women, an increase in pre- and post-implantation mortality of embryos, did not affect the body weight and craniocaudal size of 20-day-old rat fetuses, the rate of ossification of cartilaginous bone bookmarks, the condition of the internal organs of embryos. The introduction of the dry extract in the first six days of pregnancy does not have a negative effect on the postnatal development of offspring. However, when the studied extract is administered at the maximum tested dose from 6-19 days of pregnancy, it helps to slow down the formation of sensory-motor reflexes in the offspring. Taking into account the changes obtained, the administration of drugs based on the studied extract to pregnant animals during organo- and fetogenesis should be carried out under the supervision of a veterinarian in compliance with the therapeutic dose.
Evaluation of the effectiveness and safety of the drug «Nebolin-vet» after decompression of the spinal cord by hemilaminectomy in dogs
Authors:   Moscow State Academy of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology – MVA by K. I. Skryabin”, Moscow, Russia, Kozlov Nikolay A. , Deltsov Alexander A. ,   Moscow State Academy of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology – MVA by K. I. Skryabin”, Moscow, Russia, Muracheva Olga V. ,   Moscow State Academy of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology – MVA by K. I. Skryabin”, Moscow, Russia, Kuzina Maria P. ,   Moscow State Academy of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology – MVA by K. I. Skryabin”, Moscow, Russia, Demyatov Yuriy S. ,   Moscow State Academy of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology – MVA by K. I. Skryabin”, Moscow, Russia
Published: June 2023

The results of evaluating the efficacy and safety of «Nebolin-vet» in 10 dogs after spinal cord decompression by hemilaminectomy are described. All dogs participating in the study were diagnosed with a herniated disc (Hansen type 1 – extrusion) in the thoracolumbar spine. The spinal cord was decompressed by hemilaminectomy with the removal of the extruded material from the spinal canal. The level of acute pain was assessed using the Short form of the Glasgow composite measure pain scale during the first 1–3 days of the postoperative period, when the level of pain experienced by dogs after decompression was the strongest. Acute pain was assessed before giving the drug and 8 hours after giving «Nebolin-vet» (a couple of hours after reaching the maximum concentration of the drug in the blood of the animal). The safety of the drug was assessed within a day from the moment of giving the drug by visual control of the animal in the hospital and/or at home for the presence of side effects. The data obtained as a result of the study indicate that the drug is safe and effective in relieving acute pain in dogs in the first days of the postoperative period.
Statistics of the occurrence of syringomyelia in dogs
Authors:   Moscow State Academy of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology – MVA named after K. I. Skryabin, Moscow, Russian Federation, Kozlov Nikolay A. , Zhemai Yussef ,   Moscow State Academy of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology – MVA named after K. I. Skryabin, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: June 2023

This research is devoted to methods of diagnosis of syringomyelia small dogs breeds. Syringomyelia is widespread among small breed dogs. The Magnetic resonance tomography is the only and effective diagnostic method for making a diagnosis. This pathology is common throughout the spinal cord, but in the cervical region it occurs more often in small breeds. This article is based on a study of 44 animals representing 8 different animal breeds.
Veterinary and sanitary characteristics of the meat of roosters of the cross Shift 9 in cellular and outdoor-walking cultivation
Authors:   Peoples' Friendship University of Russia», Agrarian and Technological Institute, Moscow, Russian Federation, Nikitchenko Dmitry V. , Nikitchenko Vladimir E. ,   Peoples' Friendship University of Russia», Agrarian and Technological Institute, Moscow, Russian Federation, Kondrashkin Kseniya M. ,   Peoples' Friendship University of Russia», Agrarian and Technological Institute, Moscow, Russian Federation, Seryoguin Ivan G. ,   Moscow State University of Food Production, Moscow, Russian Federation, Snoz Grigory V. ,   Moscow State Academy of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology – MVA by K. I. Skryabin, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: June 2023

The veterinary and sanitary indicators of meat of roosters of the cross Shift 9, grown with cellular (1st group) and outdoor-walking (2nd group) content, were studied. It was established that by the age of 42 days, the roosters of the 1st group reached a live weight of 2280 g, the 2nd group – 2914 g. At the same time, the average daily increase was 69,19 and 70,02 g. The diameter of muscle fibers for 42 days it reached 57,25 microns, the average daily thickening of the fibers was 1.19 microns. There were no significant differences in hematological parameters, but the number of erythrocytes in the rooster of the 1st group with a white stripe was higher by 0,16×1012/l; RDW – by 5,4 %; MCHC – less by 11,5 g/l. The serum level of enzymes in a rooster with a white stripe was higher, which indicates increased activity of cellular enzymes. According to the indicators of organoleptic evaluation, the meat of roosters of the 1st group exceeded the meat of the 2nd group by 0.4 points; estimates of meat broth – by 0,4 points, but was inferior in weight loss at cooking by 1,3 %. The meat of chickens of the 1st group had a pH higher by 0,18, the acid number of fat – by 0,13 mg/KOH, volatile fatty acids – by 0,29 mg/KOH. The water content in the pectoral muscles of the cell-reared chickens was less than in the outdoor-walking group by 0,42 %; protein – by 0,25; fat – by 0,21 %, but the total fat content in the carcasses of the 1st group of pets was greater by 0,11 %. According to microbiological indicators, the meat of carcasses met the requirements GOST 31468-2012. In 50 % of the studied roosters of both groups, an expansion of the diameter of the endomysium and perimysium was observed with the accumulation of fluid and the formation of different volumes of vacuoles in muscle fibers and infiltration by immunocompetent cells (leukocytes, phagocytes). One rooster of cellular content had fibrosis of muscle fibers and the proliferation of fatty and connective tissues in the endomysium and perimysium, i.e. the development of myopathy with a white stripe.
Antibiotic substitution programs in animal husbandry
Authors:   Center for Biotechnological Processing of Food Products at the Institute of Applied Microecology (Evolink), Moscow, Russia, Laishevtsev Alexey I. ,   Federal Scientific Center – All-Russian Research Institute of Experimental Veterinary Medicine named after K. I. Scriabin and Ya. R. Kovalenko of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia, Smirnov Dmitry D. ,   Center for Biotechnological Processing of Food Products at the Institute of Applied Microecology (Evolink), Moscow, Russia; Federal Scientific Center – All-Russian Research Institute of Experimental Veterinary Medicine named after K. I. Scriabin and Ya. R. Kovalenko of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia, Ezhova Ekaterina G. ,   Center for Biotechnological Processing of Food Products at the Institute of Applied Microecology (Evolink), Moscow, Russia; Federal Scientific Center – All-Russian Research Institute of Experimental Veterinary Medicine named after K. I. Scriabin and Ya. R. Kovalenko of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia, Pimenov Nikolay V. ,   Center for Biotechnological Processing of Food Products at the Institute of Applied Microecology (Evolink), Moscow, Russia, Oleynik Natalya A. ,   All-Russian State Center for the Quality and Standardization of Medicines for Animals and Feed, Moscow, Russia
Published: June 2023

The global problem of antibiotic resistance of circulating pathogenic microorganisms was stated by the World Health Organization in 2014. The spread of pathogens with multiple and/or extensive drug resistance is facilitated by the widespread and unsystematic use of antibacterial pharmaceuticals in animal husbandry, including for metaprophylactic purposes and to stimulate productivity. The polyresistance of etiopathogenetic strains of bacteria poses a real threat to public health and the effectiveness of medical care. Based on our own screening studies and a broad current scientific review, system analysis, this paper presents the results of studies on antibiotic resistance and substitution programs in animal husbandry, designed to reduce or eliminate the use of antibiotics for non-therapeutic purposes. The development of the problem of feed antibiotics is revealed, new directions of decontamination and metaprophylaxis in animal husbandry, alternative to the use of antibiotics, are presented. In particular, it has been shown that the use of bacteriophages is of promising importance in solving the problem of bacterial resistance to antibiotics. Antimicrobial peptides, immunoglobulins, organic acids, metal nanoparticles, as well as drugs aimed at stimulating the growth and metabolism of beneficial gastrointestinal bacteria: probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics and aimed at improving the use of nutrients by the host: food enzymes are given as promising substitutes for phytogenics.
Diagnosis and treatment of dogs with syringomyelia
Authors:   Moscow State Academy of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology – MVA by K. I. Skryabin”, Moscow, Russia, Kozlov Nikolay A. , Zhemai Yussef ,   Moscow State Academy of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology – MVA by K. I. Skryabin”, Moscow, Russia
Published: June 2023

This work is devoted to the methods of diagnosis and treatment of syringomyelia in different breeds of dogs. Magnetic resonance imaging is the only and sufficiently effective diagnostic method for making a diagnosis. A small and asymptomatic sirin often does not require treatment, surgical intervention is indicated when analgesics do not eliminate discomfort or in the presence of a neurological deficiency. Medication may be chosen for patients with minor pain. This article was a study of 240 dogs, weighing from 2 to 25 kg, with neurological deficiency, where syringomyelia was the main and secondary pathology, the studied animals were representatives of different dog breeds.
Market research of feed additives based on protein hydrolysates
Authors:   Moscow State Academy of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology – MVA by K. I. Skryabin”, Moscow, Russia, Deltsov Alexander A. , Bachinskaya Valentina M. ,   Moscow State Academy of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology – MVA by K. I. Skryabin”, Moscow, Russia, Gonchar Dmitry V. ,   Moscow State Academy of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology – MVA by K. I. Skryabin”, Moscow, Russia, Rodkina Olga R. ,   Moscow State Academy of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology – MVA by K. I. Skryabin”, Moscow, Russia
Published: June 2023

The article presents the results of a study of the market for feed additives based on protein hydrolysates registered in the Russian Federation. It has been established that in the State Register of feed additives, feed additives based on protein hydrolysates account for only 1,49 %. Among them, most of them are domestically produced (38,9 %). 33,3 % of feed additives based on protein hydrolysates of chemical and / or microbiological synthesis, containing components of plant origin, 27,8 % – animal origin without milk proteins. At the same time, collagen is the main source of protein in 22.2 % of feed additives. 10 feed additives each contain hydrolysates of lecithin, including soy (18,5 %), and whey (18,5 %). Basically, the investigated feed additives are produced in the form of a powder (57,4 %), less often – in the form of a solution, granules, etc. The largest number of feed additives based on protein hydrolysates was registered in 2013 (16,7 %). In recent years (2020–2022), there has been a negative trend in the registration of the studied feed additives, thus, in 2022, only 3 feed additives were entered into the State Register of feed additives, which is 5,6 %.
Species composition of the microflora of the uterus and udder in cows with acute postpartum endometritis and mastitis
Authors:   Moscow State Academy of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology – MVA by K. I. Skryabin”, Moscow, Russia, Gade Regan Reddy , Fedotov Sergey V. ,   Moscow State Academy of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology – MVA by K. I. Skryabin”, Moscow, Russia, Simonov Pavel G. ,   Altai State Agrarian University, Barnaul, Russia
Published: June 2023

The polyetiology of postpartum mastitis and endometritis makes it difficult to develop and use specific drugs. Therefore, there is a need for a more detailed study of the microbiological composition of the udder microflora, which will make it possible to correctly and appropriately select antimicrobial drugs. The main properties of microorganisms isolated from postpartum mastitis and endometritis in cows were studied. Of 166 samples from the exudate of the uterus and udder of cows, 32 (19,28 %) cultures of Escherichia coli (E. coli) were isolated, while in 14 cultures (43,75 %) hemolytic activity was confirmed, and 17 cultures (53,12 %) were highly pathogenic for white mice. In 35 samples (21,08 % of the total number of cultures), bacteria of the genus Klebsiella were isolated, active hemolysis was observed in 12 (34,28 %) samples, 16 (45,71 %) cultures were pathogenic for white mice. Bacteria of the genus Proteus were isolated in 24 samples (14,46 %) of the total number of cultures, hemolytic activity was detected in 11 (45,83 %) cultures, pathogenicity for laboratory animals was determined in 9 cultures (37,50 %). The analysis of isolated microorganisms from the contents of the uterus and udder from cows showed that the species composition of the microflora in postpartum mastitis and endometritis is practically the same, which gives us the opportunity to assume that pathogenic microorganisms can be transferred from the focus of inflammation in the mammary gland by lymphogenous or hematogenous way to the uterus, and back. With an increase in the number of postpartum mastitis and endometritis in cows in large livestock complexes with an intensive housing system, it is advisable to use modern PCR diagnostics. Real-time PCR has significant advantages over traditional methods, as well as higher sensitivity and specificity.
Morpho-echographic parameters of the ovary of cattle
Authors:   Moscow State Academy of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology – MVA by K. I. Skryabin”, Moscow, Russia, Slesarenko Natalya A. , Belyakova Anna P. ,   Moscow State Academy of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology – MVA by K. I. Skryabin”, Moscow, Russia, Shirokova Elena O. ,   Moscow State Academy of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology – MVA by K. I. Skryabin”, Moscow, Russia
Published: June 2023

The article presents the results of echographic studies of the ovaries of black-and-white Holstein cows at various stages of the sexual cycle. To conduct the experiment, based on the preliminary diagnosis, we formed a control group of animals (n=20), which included clinically healthy mature cows at various stages of the sexual cycle: proestrus, estrus, metestrus, anestrus, as well as an experimental group that included pregnant (n=10) and a group of young cows (n=10) with chronic inflammatory processes of the internal genitalia. A comprehensive methodological approach was used, including clinical examination of animals, anatomical dissection, ultrasound examination using an Easi-Scan scanner:Go and statistical analysis of the received digital data. Based on the conducted studies, we have established the echographic parameters of the ovaries of cows of the black-and-white Holstein breed at various stages of the sexual cycle, the patterns of ultrasound imaging of the organ are presented, morphological transformations of the gonads in inflammatory processes and pregnancy are revealed. This made it possible to evaluate the effectiveness of ultrasound diagnostics to identify morpho-echographic parameters of the ovary, as well as to establish on this basis the stage of the sexual cycle in cows.
Dynamics of the trace element composition of the skin and feathers in chickens, of the content of leukocytes and total protein in the blood serum of chickens against the background of the introduction of the drug Silaccess into the diet
Authors:   Tver State Agricultural Academy, Tver, Russia, Alekseeva Lyudmila V. , Metel'shtet Natalia V. ,   Tver State Agricultural Academy, Tver, Russia
Published: June 2023

The article presents data on the effect of the complex mineral preparation Sim access on morphological parameters and physiological state of the body of chickens from 60 to 90 days of age. During the experiment, changes in the concentration of macro- and microelements in chicken feathers, skin, and muscles were studied, since chickens have a high need for mineral elements with age. In addition, the age dynamics of the content of leukocytes in the blood and total protein in the blood serum were studied against the background of the introduction of the drug Silaccess into the diet.
Features of the structure of the superficial pectoral muscle on the 14th day of embryogenesis in Brama and Orlovskaya sitcevaya chickens
Authors:   Moscow State Academy of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology – MVA by K. I. Skryabin”, Moscow, Russia, Kondratov Gleb V. , Stepanishin Viktor V. ,   Moscow State Academy of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology – MVA by K. I. Skryabin”, Moscow, Russia, Kumirov Stanislav G. ,   Moscow State Academy of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology – MVA by K. I. Skryabin”, Moscow, Russia
Published: June 2023

The micromorphological organization of the superficial pectoral muscle in 14-day-old embryos of Brama chickens (meat direction of productivity) and Orlovskaya sitcevaya (egg direction of productivity) is shown. According to most of the studied indicators characterizing the structure of muscle tissue, such as the thickness (diameter) of muscle fibers, their bundles, perimisium, as well as the total area of muscle tissue, Brama is ahead of the Orlovskaya sitcevaya. The exception is the thickness of the endomysium and the number of muscle fibers in the field of view of the microscope in the superficial pectoral muscle. The study of myogenesis in chickens of meat and egg productivity allows us to form the concept of structural features of the muscles of individual breeds and crosses in separate stages of the development of the organism. The information obtained can be used by breeders in breeding poultry and in assessing the productive qualities of poultry while improving production technologies.
Effect of a combined antiparasitic drug on the fatty acid composition and safety of quail meat
Authors:   Moscow State Academy of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology – MVA by K. I. Skryabin”, Moscow, Russia, Bachinskaya Valentina M. , Deltsov Alexander A. ,   Moscow State Academy of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology – MVA by K. I. Skryabin”, Moscow, Russia, Petrova Yulia V. ,   Moscow State Academy of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology – MVA by K. I. Skryabin”, Moscow, Russia, Gonchar Dmitry V. ,   Moscow State Academy of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology – MVA by K. I. Skryabin”, Moscow, Russia
Published: June 2023

The article presents the results of studies on the effect of the combined antiparasitic drug «Praziver », used to prevent heterakidosis, on the fatty acid composition and microbiological safety of quail meat of the Manchurian quail breed. The studies were carried out at the Department of Parasitology and Veterinary and Sanitary Expertise of the Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education MSAVM&B-MVA named after K.I. Skryabin, the fatty acid composition and microbiological safety of quail meat were determined at the Federal State Budgetary Institution «Federal Center for Animal Health». The quails were divided into two groups of 10 animals each, the first group received the drug «Praziver» with water for drinking from 14 days of age for 7 days at a dose of 0,5 ml / 1 liter of water, the second group was the control. The fatty acid composition of quail meat was determined according to GOST R 55483-2013 «Meat and meat products. Determination of fatty acid composition by gas chromatography». According to the results obtained, the use of the drug «Praziver» does not have a negative effect on the content of fatty acids in quail meat, therefore, does not reduce the biological value of the resulting meat. When studying the safety indicators of quail meat treated with Prasiver, no pathogenic and conditionally pathogenic microflora were found, the meat meets the requirements of TR TS 021/2011 «On Food Safety».
Method for determining the concentration of natamycin in meat products by highperformance liquid chromatography with mass spectrometric detection
Authors:   Moscow State Academy of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology – MVA named after K. I. Scriabin, Russia, Moscow, Popova Irina I. , Deltsov Alexander A. ,   Moscow State Academy of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology – MVA named after K. I. Scriabin, Russia, Moscow, Shubina Elena G. ,   Federal Center for Animal Health, Moscow, Russia, Bairov Anton L. ,   Federal Center for Animal Health, Moscow, Russia, Grudev Artem I. ,   Federal Center for Animal Health, Moscow, Russia
Published: June 2023

Natamycin is a promising preservative in the food industry due to the lack of taste and smell, as well as due to its pronounced fungicidal properties. However, exceeding the permissible concentration of this drug can negatively affect the health of consumers. The article presents the results of the development of a method for the determination of natamycin in meat products (raw and semi-smoked sausages) using the method of high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with a mass spectrometric detector (LC MS/MS).
Immunotropic features of the sub-producer Limosilactobacillus reuteri
Authors:   Moscow State Academy of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology – MVA by K. I. Skryabin, Moscow, Russia, Smirnova Ekaterina A. , Pimenov Nikolay V. ,   Moscow State Academy of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology – MVA by K. I. Skryabin, Moscow, Russia, Ivannikova Regina F. ,   Moscow State Academy of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology – MVA by K. I. Skryabin, Moscow, Russia
Published: June 2023

Probiotic with Limosilactobacillus reuteri is a preparation containing L.reuteri live microorganisms represented by gram-positive anaerobic non-spore-forming non-pathogenic lactic acid bacteria. The strain secretes the potent antimicrobial molecule reuterin, which inhibits the growth of pathogenic microorganisms: gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria, yeast, fungi and E. coli. A probiotic with this strain isolated from food products has antioxidant properties and stimulates the normal intestinal microflora. In this article, a number of studies were conducted that confirmed the effect of L.reuteri on the immune system. Based on the studies, positive effects were found on the stimulation of B-cell production in the intestine of macroorganisms and a beneficial effect on metabolism and intestinal microflora. Despite a number of positive effects, the risks of autoimmune diseases were found due to the use of probiotics with L. Reuteri without regulating the intake of tryptophan into the body. Currently, there is a wide realization of the worldwide supply of probiotics used for therapeutic treatment. Against this background, numerous studies are conducted to identify possible risks, features and confirm the beneficial effects on the body of various strains. Therefore, this review article reveals the relevance of the study of the characteristics of this strain, its effect on the immune system and possible risks in its use, in the treatment and prevention of strengthening immunity in veterinary medicine and medicine. The analysis of the sources under consideration, based on the scientific achievements of foreign researchers, allows us to form a modern idea of the presence of immunotropic features in Limosilactobacillus reuteri strains in the field of veterinary medicine and medicine.
Disinfecting activity of the «Tektumdez» drug
Authors:   Russian Biotechnological University «ROSBIOTECH», Moscow, Russia, Kushch Irina V. , Udavliev Damir I. ,   Russian Biotechnological University «ROSBIOTECH», Moscow, Russia, Shikhov Sergey S. ,   Russian Biotechnological University «ROSBIOTECH», Moscow, Russia, Popov Nikolai I. ,   All-Russian Research Institute of Veterinary Sanitation, Hygiene and Ecology (VNIIVSHE) – Branch of the Federal Scientific Center — All-Russian Research Institute of Experimental Veterinary named after K. I. Scriabin and Ya. R. Kovalenko of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
Published: June 2023

The article presents the results of laboratory studies of «Tektumdez» drug's bactericidal activity against Gram-negative E. coli (sh. 1257) and Gram-positive S. aureus (sh. 209-P) microorganisms as well as disinfectant activity against microorganisms of resistance groups 3–4 in laboratory experiments. According to results of tests, bactericidal dilution of «Tektumdez» against bacteria without protein at 30-minutes exposure was 1:7778,4, against bacteria with protein – 1:2024,8, at the same exposure. Protein index was 3,84, phenolic coefficient was 40,34. In laboratory experiments, test objects made of wood, concrete, iron and plastic and contaminated with E. coli, strain 1257 were disinfected with Tektumdez within 3 hours, at a consumption rate of 150 ml/m2 and drug concentration of 0,75 %; contaminated with S. aureus (strain 209-P) in 3 hours at a drug consumption rate of 150 ml/m2 with a drug concentration of 1%, and Mycobacterium B-5 at a drug consumption rate of 170 ml/m2 in 12 hours, and 200 ml/m2 in 6 hours with a drug concentration of 1 %. Inactivation of B. cereus spores, pcs. 96 on test objects is achieved by Tektumdez in 6 hours at a consumption rate of 200 ml/m2 and drug concentration not exceeding 2 %.
The influence of the age of female and male sables and their compatibility on reproduction indicators
Authors:   Moscow State Academy of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology – MVA by K. I. Skryabin”, Moscow, Russia, Goncharova Ulyana A. , Shumilina Natalia N. ,   Moscow State Academy of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology – MVA by K. I. Skryabin”, Moscow, Russia, Larina Elena E. ,   Moscow State Academy of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology – MVA by K. I. Skryabin”, Moscow, Russia
Published: June 2023

Fur farms supply high-quality skins of minks, foxes, arctic foxes, and nutria. A special place in the production of furs is occupied by sable skins. Our country is a monopolist in the production of this valuable type of fur. Despite some successes, sobolevodstvo still lags behind other branches of fur farming. Sable breeding remains the least studied industry. The causes of late puberty of sable have not yet been fully studied. This article is devoted to the study of the influence of the age of female and male sables and their compatibility during the rutting season on reproduction indicators. The research was carried out in JSC «Plemzverosovkhoz «Saltykovsky» on 615 females and 200 males and FSUE «Russian Sable» on 823 females and 275 males. The obtained research results indicate that in almost all cases, the most successful mating with large litters is observed in females and males of the same age, with the exception of one-year-old females, who had the most successful mating with males of 4–10 years of age and older than 10 years of age. Keywords: sable, females, males, age, date of puping, duration of pregnancy.
İNVESTİSİYA FƏALİYYƏTİNİN İDARƏ OLUNMASI PROSESİNDƏ İDARƏETMƏ UÇOTU VƏ
AUDİTİNİN TƏŞKİLİNİN TƏHLİLİ
Authors: Dilbər Fərəcova, Kənan Mayıllı Dilbər Fərəcova, Kənan Mayıllı
Published: June 2023

İnvestisiya - vəsaitlərin daşınmaz əmlaka, torpaq sahəsinə, tikintiyə, avadanlıqlara və digər aktivlərə yatırılması, eləcə də qiymətli kağızlar üzrə faiz şəklində gəlirlərin alınmasıdır. İqtisadiyyatın transformasiyası şəraitində təşkilat və müəssisələrdə iqtisadi fəaliyyətin bütün sistemlərinin təkmilləşdirilməsi və yenidən qurulması zəruridir. Bu problemin həlli sahibkarlıq subyektinin idarəetmə prosesinin informasiya təminatının effektivliyindən asılıdır. Strateji və cari aspektlərə baxmayaraq, idarəetmənin özünəməxsus xüsusiyyətləri vardır. İnvestisiya layihələrinin məqsədlərə uyğunluğunu qiymətləndirmək üçün cari və strateji investisiya fəaliyyəti haqqında məlumat vermək lazımdır. Bu, idarəetmə sistemi daxilində strateji və cari investisiya sistemləri arasında fərq qoymağa imkan verir. Mühasibat uçotunun idarə edilməsi sistemini birinci dərəcəli hesab etsək, onda investisiyaların idarə edilməsi sistemi ikinci dərəcəli sistem hesab olunacaq və bu sistem də öz obyekt və metodlarına uyğun olaraq qiymətləndiriləcəkdir.
Məqalə kommersiya təşkilatlarının investisiya fəaliyyətinin uçotu və auditin təşkilinin müasir vəziyyətinə həsr olunmuşdur. Burada investisiya fəaliyyətinin idarəetmə uçotunun təşkili araşdırılmış, habelə cari investisiyaların auditinin təşkili metodikası təhlilə cəlb edilmişdir. Məlum olduğu kimi, konkret investisiya proqramlarının həyata keçirilməsi müxtəlif maliyyələşdirmə mənbələri (öz vəsaitləri, bank kreditləri və s.) hesabına həyata keçirilir ki, bu da investisiya fəaliyyətinin maliyyə bazarları ilə bağlı olması deməkdir. Buna görə də investisiya layihələrinin auditi prosesində kommersiya təşkilatının fəaliyyət göstərdiyi xarici mühiti və hər şeydən əvvəl kapital və pul bazarını araşdırmaq lazımdır. İnvestisiya fəaliyyəti öz növbəsində investisiya xərclərinin həyata keçirilməsində mənfi pul axını, konkret investisiya proqramının həyata keçirilməsində isə müsbət pul axını yaradır. Müəyyən dövrlərdə investisiya fəaliyyətindən mənfi pul axını müsbətdən əhəmiyyətli dərəcədə yüksək ola bilər. Buna görə də investisiya fəaliyyətinin auditi aparılarkən maliyyələşdirmə növləri və pul vəsaitlərinin hərəkəti nəzərə alınmaqla investisiya proqramlarında vəsaitlərdən istifadənin səmərəliliyini qiymətləndirmək lazımdır.
Açar sözlər: kommersiya təşkilatı, investisiya, idarəetmə uçotu, xalis çevrilmiş dəyər, audit yoxlaması.
AZƏRBAYCANIN ƏSAS MÜƏYYƏNEDİCİLƏRİNİN BİRBAŞA XARİCİ İNVESTİSİYALARIN ÖLKƏYƏ CƏLB EDİLMƏSİNDƏ ROLU
Authors: Azər Ağarzayev, Elşən Əhmədov Azər Ağarzayev, Elşən Əhmədov
Published: June 2023

Xarici investisiya qoyuluşları ölkənin iqtisadi inkişafı üçün kritik rol oynayır. İnvestisiya qoyuluşları, iqtisadiyyatın böyüməsini təmin edir. Xarici investisiyalar günümüz dünyasında iqtisadi inteqrasiya səviyyəsinin yüksək olduğu müasir dövrdə çox önəmli bir funksiya yerinə yetirməkdədir. İqtisadi və qeyri-iqtisadi olmaqla, bu investisiyalar iki aspekti özündə cəmləşdirir. İqtisadi aspekti bu investisiyaların ölkədəki iqtisadi inkişafını təmin etməsi, qeyri-iqtisadi aspekti isə bu investisiyaların siyasi və idarəetmə qərarlarına təsir etməsi şəklində ifadə olunur. Birbaşa xarici investisiyaların Azərbaycana cəlb edilməsində əsas müəyyənləşdirici amillər təbii sərvətlər və enerji sektoru, coğrafi yer və regional bazarlara çıxış, siyasi və iqtisadi sabitlik, bazar dinamikası və istehlak meylləridir. Məqalədə bu məsələlər diqqət mərkəzində olmuşdur. Təbii ehtiyatlar və enerji sektoru Azərbaycan iqtisadiyyatının həlledici tərkib hissəsidir. Azərbaycan həm neft, həm də təbii qaz ehtiyatları ilə zəngindir və bu ehtiyatlar uzun müddət ölkədə iqtisadi artımın və inkişafın əsas amilləri olmuşdur. Azərbaycanın coğrafiyası ölkəyə investisiyaların cəlb edilməsində mühüm rol oynayır. Onun Şərqi Avropa və Qərbi Asiyanın kəsişməsində yerləşməsi regional bazarlara çıxış yolu təqdim edir və onu nəqliyyat və logistika üçün ideal mərkəzə çevirir.
Açar sözlər: təbii sərvətlər, enerji sektoru, regional bazarlar, iqtisadi sabitlik, istehlak meylləri
ARDICIL NƏQL ÜSULUNUN SƏMƏRƏLİLİYİNİN ARTIRILMASI
Authors: Gülbala Ələsgərov, Nəzmiyyə Əsgərov Gülbala Ələsgərov, Nəzmiyyə Əsgərov , Gülzar Qaracayeva, Alxan Cəfərov Gülzar Qaracayeva, Alxan Cəfərov
Published: June 2023

Hal-hazırda dünyada və ölkəmizdə neft və neft məhsullarının əsasən 5 üsulla daşınması həyata keçirilir. Məhsulun bir yerdən digər nöqtəyə daşınması çox zaman səmərəli olmur. Məsələn, boru kəmərləri ilə nəql zamanı üstün cəhətlərə malik olsa da bəzən mənfi xüsusiyyətləri də olur. belə ki, boru kəmərləri ilə nəql ancaq bir istiqamətli baş verir, yəni, artıq qalan məhsul geriyə qayıda bilmir. Bəzən də eyni vaxtda bir neçə məhsulun nəqli tələb edilir ki, bu da baha başa gəlir. Çünki hər məhsul üçün ayrıca boru kəmərini çəkilməsi prosesi iqtisadi cəhətdən çox əlverişsiz hesab edilir. Ona görə səmərəli nəql üsulu kimi ardıcıl nəql metodundan geniş istifadə edilir [1].
Müxtəlif çeşidli məhsulların belə nəql etdirilmə üsulu həm bizim Respublikamızda, həmçinin xarici ölkələrdə geniş istifadə olunur ki, bu da hər şeydən əvvəl, boru kəmərlərinin maksimal yüklənməsinin iqtisadi cəhətdən səmərəliliyini artırır. Bu zaman həm yeni boru kəmərlərinin tikintisinə, həm də nəqletmə xərcləri əhəmiyyətli dərəcədə azalır. Bununla yanaşı, müxtəlif çeşidli neft məhsullarının mövcud nəql etdirilməsi üsulunun əhəmiyyətli çatışmamazlıqları mövcuddur ki, bunlar da onların ardıcıl nəql prosesində nəql olunan məhsulların kontakt zonasında qarışıqların qaçılmaz əmələ gəlməsinə əsaslanır. Bu da bir qayda olaraq, fiziki-kimyəvi göstəricilərinə görə ötürülən məhsullardan heç birinə uyğun gəlmir. Daha doğrusu, mahiyyətinə görə keyfiyyətsiz hesab edilir və ona görə də onun utilizasiyasının aparılmasını tələb edir, bu da öz növbəsində, boru kəmərlərinin son məntəqəsində məhsulların qəbulu və yerləşdirilməsi texnologiyasını mürəkkəbləşdirir.
Hal-hazırda yaranan qarışığın aradan qaldırılmasl üçün bir neçə səmərəli üsullar işlənib hazırlanmaqdadır. Bu üsullardan bəziləri yüksək səmərə verir, digərləri isə bəzi səbəblərə görə nəticəsiz qalır.
Qeyd olunanlar məhsulların ardıcıl nəql proseslərində əmələ gələn müxtəlif çeşidli məhsul qarışıqlarının ölçülərinin və həcmlərinin azaldılması üsullarının işlənib hazırlanması üzrə məsələlərin aktuallığını müəyyən edir.
Baxılan məqalədə də biz nəql üsulunun səmərəliliyinin artırılması yollarını araşdırmışıq. Əvvəlcə qarışıqyaranmanın qarşısını almaq üçün istifadə edilən üsullar təcrübə ilə sınaqdan keçirilmiş daha sonra isə istifadəyə verilmişdir. Təcrübə zamanı nəql olunan mayelərin özlülükləri fərqlidir və bizim apardığımız təcrübəyə görə qarşıda nəql olunan məhsulun özlüyüyü arxada nəql olunan məhsulun özlülüyndən çox olmalıdır.
Açar sözlər: Qarışıqyaranma, qazla doydurulma, neft məhsulları qarışığı, özlülük, bərk ayırıcılar, ardıcıl nəql, ayırıcı tıxac, məhsul qarışığı,maqnit aktivli özlü-elastik ayırıcı, doyma təzyiqi