bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hepcidin is an endogenous protective factor for osteoporosis by reducing iron levels
Authors: Zhang Peng , Wang Sheng , Wang Liang , Shan Bing Chen , Zhang Hui , Yang Fan , Zhou Zhi Qiang , Wang Xiao , Yuan Ye , Xu You Jia
Published: March 2018

Postmenopausal osteoporosis is a global health issue. Although a lack of estrogen is considered the major reason for postmenopausal osteoporosis, other factors might also contribute the etiology of the disease. In previous reports, we and others proposed that iron accumulation after menopause accelerates osteoporosis, and here, we genetically modified the expression of an endogenous hormone, hepcidin, to modulate iron status in a mouse model. Our results show that hepcidin levels negatively correlate with bone loss in both knockout and overexpression (with ovariectomy) murine models. In addition, iron overload enhances reactive oxygen species (ROS) activity and attenuates the functions of primary osteoblasts, while iron depletion could reverse this phenomenon through inhibiting the functions of primary osteoclasts. Therefore, our results provide more evidence of the ‘iron accumulation’ hypothesis, which suggests that high iron levels are risk factors for osteoporosis, and the ‘Huang’s hypothesis’ that hepcidin is a potential drug target for the prevention of postmenopausal osteoporosis.
Site-Specific Fat-1 Knock-In Enables Significant Decrease of n-6PUFAs/n-3PUFAs Ratio in Pigs
Authors: Li Mengjing , Ouyang Hongsheng , Yuan Hongming , Li Jianing , Xie Zicong , Wang Kankan , Yu Tingting , Liu Minghao , Chen Xue , Tang Xiaochun , Jiao Huping , Pang Daxin
Published: March 2018

The fat-1 gene from Caenorhabditis elegans encodes a fatty acid desaturase which was widely studied due to its beneficial function of converting n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-6PUFAs) to n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3PUFAs). To date, many fat-1 transgenic animals have been generated to study disease pathogenesis or improve meat quality. However, all of them were generated using a random integration method with variable transgene expression levels and the introduction of selectable marker genes often raise biosafety concern. To this end, we aimed to generate marker-free fat-1 transgenic pigs in a site-specific manner. The Rosa26 locus, first found in mouse embryonic stem cells, has become one of the most common sites for inserting transgenes due to its safe and ubiquitous expression. In our study, the fat-1 gene was inserted into porcine Rosa 26 (pRosa26) locus via Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated 9 (Cas9) system. The Southern blot analysis of our knock-in pigs indicated a single copy of the fat-1 gene at the pRosa26 locus. Furthermore, this single-copy fat-1 gene supported satisfactory expression in a variety of tissues in F1 generation pigs. Importantly, the gas chromatography analysis indicated that these fat-1 knock-in pigs exhibited a significant increase in the level of n-3PUFAs, leading to an obvious decrease in the n-6PUFAs/n-3PUFAs ratio from 9.36 to 2.12 (***P < 0.0001). Altogether, our fat-1 knock-in pigs hold great promise for improving the nutritional value of pork and serving as an animal model to investigate therapeutic effects of n-3PUFAs on various diseases.
ENDODONTIC MANAGEMENT OF MANDIBULAR SECOND PREMOLAR WITH THREE CANALS
Authors: Paul Bonny , Dube Kavita
Published: March 2018

Mandibular premolar can present a complex pulp anatomy. Apart from the usual single root and single canal a many other variations may be seen. Hence not only a thorough knowledge of the root canal anatomy but also it’s variations are indispensable pre requisites for the success of any endodontic treatment. Good magnification and CBCT scans will definitely be beneficial for successful endodontic treatment. The present case provides evidence that mandibular premolars may have more than one canal.
Parental Adverse Childhood Experiences and Offspring Development at 2 Years of Age
Authors: Folger Alonzo T. , Eismann Emily A. , Stephenson Nicole B. , Shapiro Robert A. , Macaluso Maurizio , Brownrigg Maggie E. , Gillespie Robert J.
Published: March 2018

OBJECTIVES:

The study objective was to determine if maternal and paternal exposure to adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) have a significant association with negative offspring development at 24 months of age in a suburban pediatric primary care population.

METHODS:

A retrospective cohort study was conducted of 311 mother-child and 122 father-child dyads who attended a large pediatric primary care practice. Children were born from October 2012 to June 2014, and data were collected at the 2-, 4-, and 24-month well-child visits. Multivariable Poisson regression with robust error variance was used to model the relationship between self-reported parental ACEs and the outcomes of suspected developmental delay at 24 months and eligibility for early intervention services.

RESULTS:

For each additional maternal ACE, there was an 18% increase in the risk for a suspected developmental delay (relative risk: 1.18, 95% confidence interval: 1.08–1.29). A similar trend was observed for paternal ACEs (relative risk: 1.34, 95% confidence interval: 1.07–1.67). Three or more maternal ACEs (versus <3 ACEs) was associated with a significantly increased risk for a suspected developmental delay that affected multiple domains. Similar effects were observed for early intervention services.

CONCLUSIONS:

Parental ACE exposures can negatively impact child development in multiple domains, including problem solving, communication, personal-social, and motor skills. Research is needed to elucidate the psychosocial and biological mechanisms of intergenerational risk. This research has implications for the value of parental ACE screening in the context of pediatric primary care.
¿Por qué persisten los déficits de control social?: La consulta previa, libre e informada en el marco de la política petrolera ecuatoriana.
Authors: Ramírez Danny , Narváez Iván , Fontaine Guillaume Fontaine
Published: March 2018

A partir del marco analítico del diseño de políticas, identificamos un mecanismo causal para explicar cómo la llegada de nuevas autoridades con un discurso nacionalista genera un déficit de control social en el sector petrolero. El mecanismo incluye reformas normativa e institucional que reconfiguran la política petrolera al nivel operativo, lo cual da lugar a una discrepancia entre actores estatales y no estatales durante los procesos de consulta previa.Finalmente, cada parte del mecanismo causal está respaldada por evidencia empírica a partir de 20/21 tests empíricos positivos sobre los instrumentos de políticas públicas.
Peña, C. (Comp.). (2017). Venezuela y su tradición rentista: visiones, enfoques y evidencias. Buenos Aires: CLACSO; Universidad Central de Venezuela; Instituto de Investigaciones Económicas y Sociales, 235 pp.
Authors: Gomez Elvia
Published: March 2018

Este libro analiza el rentismo petrolero desde una perspectiva multidisciplinaria con el fin de entender este fenómeno, sus raíces y sus implicaciones en la vida económica, política, social, institucional y cultural de Venezuela. Este análisis se presenta más de 80 años después de la publicación del artículo “Sembrar el petróleo” del venezolano Arturo Uslar Pietri, cuya propuesta de “utilizar el petróleo no para pagar más importaciones, sino para buscar nuevas fuentes de ingreso para el país y crear fuentes de producción que contribuyesen a un desarrollo sostenido” (p. 9) es mencionada por los diferentes autores del libro. Sin embargo, sucesivos gobiernos venezolanos decidieron ignorar dicha propuesta tomando el camino del Estado rentista, lo cual explica en gran medida la compleja situación económica, política y social que atraviesa el país.
Obstacles in the detection and reporting of tuberculosis cases: a discursive analysis
Authors: Mitano Fernando , Sicsú Amélia Nunes , Sousa Luciana de Oliveira , Peruhype Rarianne Carvalho , Ballestero Jaqueline Garcia de Almeida , Palha Pedro Fredemir
Published: March 2018

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze the discourses of health professionals about the obstacles in the process of detection and reporting of tuberculosis cases in Mozambique. Method: Qualitative exploratory study with a theoretical-methodological approach of Discourse Analysis of French matrix. The study was conducted in Mozambique in 2014 at three levels: central, provincial and district. The study included 15 health professionals, 4 physicians, 6 technicians and 5 nursing professionals, who worked in the National Tuberculosis Control Program, with more than 1 year of experience. Result: The following discursive blocks emerged: Detection of tuberculosis cases in laboratories; Underreporting of tuberculosis cases; Obstacles to detect cases of tuberculosis: long distances and lack of transport; and Reporting of cases for decision making. Final considerations: The discourses analyzed point to the ideological affiliation that includes the lack of investment policies in the health sector and the political commitment as basic obstacles in the detection and reporting of tuberculosis cases.
Factors associated with delay in seeking care by tuberculosis patients
Authors: Dantas Dândara Nayara Azevêdo , Enders Bertha Cruz , Oliveira Déborah Raquel Carvalho de , Vieira Caroline Evelin Nascimento Kluczynic , Queiroz Ana Angélica Rêgo de , Arcêncio Ricardo Alexandre
Published: March 2018

ABSTRACT Objective: To identify social, clinical and behavioral factors of tuberculosis patients that are associated with delay in the search for primary health care. Method: This is a cross-sectional, quantitative study conducted with 56 people on treatment for pulmonary tuberculosis in the city of Natal, in the state of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil. The data were collected through a structured instrument. The Chi-square and Fisher tests were applied to test the association between independent and dependent variables (search time). A value of p <0.05 was set as statistically significant. Results: No social or clinical variables were statistically associated with patient delays in the search for primary health care. Among the behavioral variables, self-medication and the first health service sought had a statistically significant association with the time for seeking care (p = 0.020, and p = 0.033, respectively). Conclusion: Self-medication contributes to the delay in the search for primary health care by tuberculosis patients.
Nursing diagnoses from ICNP® for people with metabolic syndrome
Authors: Félix Nuno Damácio de Carvalho , Ramos Natana de Morais , Nascimento Maria Naiane Rolim , Moreira Thereza Maria Magalhães , Oliveira Célida Juliana de
Published: March 2018

ABSTRACT Objective: To construct nursing diagnosis statements based on the International Classification for Nursing Practice (ICNP®) for people with metabolic syndrome, settled on the theoretical framework of Basic Human Needs. Method: Descriptive study developed in four stages: 1) Identification and validation of terms relevant to care with health priority; 2) Cross-mapping of the terms identified with ICNP® terms; 3) Construction of the nursing diagnosis statements; and 4) Cross-mapping of constructed statements with the ones in ICNP®. Results: Regarding terms extracted, 370 were validated based on the consensus (100%) among specialists, subsidizing the elaboration of 52 nursing diagnosis statements from ICNP® version 2015, distributed among the Basic Human Needs proposed by theoretical framework. Conclusion: It was possible to construct nursing diagnoses for people with metabolic syndrome based on the terms extracted from the literature, with a predominance of the need for “Health education and learning”.
Quality of life of elderly people living with HIV/AIDS in outpatient follow-up
Authors: Caliari Juliano de Souza , Reinato Lilian Andreia Fleck , Pio Daiana Patrícia Marchetti , Lopes Letícia Pimenta , Reis Renata Karina , Gir Elucir
Published: March 2018

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze factors related to the quality of life of elderly people living with HIV/AIDS. Method: A cross-sectional study was carried out with people aged 50 years or more in a specialized outpatient clinic. The data collection was by means of an interview. For the analysis of data and characterization of the sample, descriptive statistics and comparison tests were used. The project met the ethical requirements. Results: Participants were 81 users aged 50 to 75 years, mean age was 57.8 (± 6.1) years, 71.6% of whom were men. There was a statistically significant relationship with the quality of life, the following variables: gender, children, occupation, religion, diagnosis time, HIV exposure, adverse effects, treatment interruption, viral load counts, hospitalization, dependence for daily activities and use of drugs. Conclusion: The results suggest that the quality of life deficit is related not only to physical changes, but to the anguish and stigma related to HIV/AIDS.
Depression in the wives of convicted men: prevalence and associated factors
Authors: Barbosa Débora Cristina Martins , Furman Gabriela Ramos , Santos Aliny de Lima , Molena-Fernandes Carlos Alexandre
Published: March 2018

ABSTRACT Objective: To estimate the prevalence of depression and to identify the main risk factors associated with depression in wives of convicted men. Method: Descriptive, cross - sectional, quantitative approach. The data were collected with 349 female partners of convicted patients in three penitentiaries in the state of Paraná, with a semistructured research, between January and June of 2016, being compiled in a database and analyzed using SPSS® 20.0 software. Results: It was possible to identify vulnerability to depression among wives of convicted men, most were young and 42.2% have or already had depression. It was verified that the variables to depression were ages equal to or above 30 years (50.3%, p <0.001), smoking (61.1%, p <0.013) and alcoholism (16.1%, p <0.001). Conclusion: It is the responsibility of the nurse with the multidisciplinary health team to invest in health promotion and prevention actions against these risk factors that were associated with depression in this population.
Social support of people with HIV/AIDS: the Social Determinants of Health Model
Authors: Santos Vanessa da Frota , Pedrosa Samyla Citó , Aquino Priscila de Souza , Lima Ivana Cristina Vieira de , Cunha Gilmara Holanda da , Galvão Marli Teresinha Gimeniz
Published: March 2018

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze the social support of people with HIV/AIDS from the perspective of the Social Determinants of Health Model. Method: This was a cross-sectional study conducted in 2015 in an infectious disease outpatient clinic. The sample was made up of 116 people with HIV/AIDS. The data was collected through interviews, using a sociodemographic form and a social support scale. The data was analyzed using descriptive statistics, and Student’s t-tests and Mann-Whitney tests were performed to determine the association between social support and the social determinants of health. Results: Total social support was satisfactory, emotional support was influenced by smoking (p=0.0432) and instrumental support, by the number of people in the household (p=0.0003). The main source of instrumental and emotional support was relatives living outside the household, corresponding to 66.7% and 56.1%, respectively. Conclusion: It was found that smokers havelower emotional support and people living alone received less instrumental support.
Reflections and collective production about being a municipal health counselor
Authors: Gomes Angela Maria , Colliselli Liane , Kleba Maria Elisabeth , Madureira Valéria Silvana Faganello
Published: March 2018

ABSTRACT Objective: to identify the participation dynamics of a municipal council and to develop a critical-reflexive process on “being a counselor”, identifying weaknesses and possibilities of this council, in addition to collectively generating new knowledge and (re)elaborating the MHC Ordinary Law. Method: Convergent care research, including documentary analysis, non-participant observation and thematic workshops. The research was carried out in 2016, with municipal health counselors from a city in the Western Region of Santa Catarina. Results: this study made it possible to identify forms of social participation that should be strengthened in the performance of social power, to reflect and share individual experiences, to anchor them in the current legislation, and to build knowledge that enabled the elaboration/organization of a product - a new text for the Ordinary Law of the Council, adjusted to current legislation. Final considerations: There is a need to increase participation, considering the presence of the counselors in the meetings, the effective representation and a greater interaction in the discussions and deliberations of the council.
Phytotherapy in pediatrics: the production of knowledge and practices in Primary Care
Authors: Freire Cynthia de Jesus , Barbosa Lucas Roberto da Silva , Costa João Gomes da , Santos Renata Guerda de Araújo , Santos Aldenir Feitosa dos
Published: March 2018

ABSTRACT Objective: To demonstrate the use of phytotherapy as a therapy adopted in the context of Primary Care to Childhood. Method: Observational and analytical field research, with quantitative-qualitative approach. A semi-structured survey was used on socio-demographic and ethnopharmacological variables, audio interview and daily observation. Results: The production of knowledge about phytotherapy constitutes a family heritage, but incorporated data resulting from the daily experiences shared by the community. The main factors were: easy access to this resource, high costs of conventional treatment, difficulty in accessing medical services and belief in the power of plants. The attributed meanings were: prevention and treatment of injuries, rescue of memory and of experiences, factor integrative with nature and aggregative among members of the community. Final considerations: Rescuing this tradition brings a new meaning to health care.
The complexity of the work of nurses in Primary Health Care
Authors: Ferreira Sandra Rejane Soares , Périco Lisiane Andréia Devinar , Dias Vilma Regina Freitas Gonçalves
Published: March 2018

ABSTRACT Objective: to promote thinking on the work of nurses in Primary Health Care (PHC) and the necessary aspects for the (re)construction of this professional practice, reinforcing its role in the care of individuals, families and communities. Method: to apply the questions raised in the process of organizing a book, the literature and the PHS work experience of the authors. Results: Conflicts, dilemmas and relevant aspects of the practice of nurses in PHC are presented, contributing to critical thinking about the context of work and the need to articulate the category in the construction of its workspace. Final considerations: the practice of nurses in PHC is broad and a process of qualification field, whether performing in clinical, educational or managerial activities, and nurses need to be familiar with these contents in their daily work, seeking to articulate their class entities for the development of this specialty.
Epidemiological overview of HIV/AIDS in pregnant women from a state of northeastern Brazil
Authors: Silva Claúdia Mendes da , Alves Regina de Souza , Santos Tâmyssa Simões dos , Bragagnollo Gabriela Rodrigues , Tavares Clodis Maria , Santos Amuzza Aylla Pereira dos
Published: March 2018

ABSTRACT Objective: To learn the epidemiological characteristics of HIV infection in pregnant women. Method: Descriptive study with quantitative approach. The study population was composed of pregnant women with HIV/AIDS residing in the state of Alagoas. Data were organized into variables and analyzed according to the measures of dispersion parameter relevant to the arithmetic mean and standard deviation (X ± S). Results: Between 2007 and 2015, 773 cases of HIV/AIDS were recorded in pregnant women in Alagoas. The studied variables identified that most of these pregnant women were young, had low levels of education and faced socioeconomic vulnerability. Conclusion: It is necessary to include actions aimed at increasing the attention paid to women, once the assurance of full care and early diagnosis of HIV are important strategies to promote adequate treatment adherence and reduce the vertical transmission.
Evaluation of the satisfaction of users of a service specialized in diabetes mellitus
Authors: Marinho Niciane Bandeira Pessoa , Freitas Roberto Wagner Júnior Freire de , Lisboa Kenya Waléria de Siqueira Coelho , Alencar Ana Maria Parente Garcia , Rebouças Vitória de Cássia Félix , Damasceno Marta Maria Coelho
Published: March 2018

ABSTRACT Objective: to evaluate the satisfaction of users of a service that specializes in diabetes mellitus. Method: evaluative research, with mixed approach, developed at the Integrated Center for Diabetes and Hypertension of Barbalha-CE, in the period from 2011 to 2014, with 97 users. Data concerning the characterization and satisfaction of users in relation to the dimensions of infrastructure, accessibility and the user-health team relationship were collected. Results: 77.3% were older adults, 88.7% women and 84.8%, retired. 63.9% of the users were satisfied with the service; however, dissatisfaction with the dimensions of infrastructure (offices, equipment and medicines) and accessibility (laboratory tests and medical consultations) was reported. Final considerations: most users revealed be satisfied with the service received considering the dimensions analyzed. However, studies that assess the satisfaction of users need to contemplate the participants’ reports and not rely on the use of previously structured forms only.
Gender, sexuality and violence: perception of mobilized adolescents in an online game
Authors: Fonseca Rosa Maria Godoy Serpa da , Santos Danyelle Leonette Araújo dos , Gessner Rafaela , Fornari Lucimara Fabiana , Oliveira Rebeca Nunes Guedes de , Schoenmaker Michaela Chiara
Published: March 2018

ABSTRACT Objective: To identify and analyze the perception of high school students about violence in intimacy relations in adolescence, in the light of the category Gender. Method: A qualitative, descriptive and exploratory study, based on the comments of 27 adolescents participating in the online game, Papo Reto. The discourses were submitted to the analysis of thematic content and discussed in the light of the category Gender. Results: Adolescents naturalize violence in their relationships of intimacy, but when they recognize it, they react in several ways: with aggressions, dialoguing with the partner or seeking support from third parties. Final considerations: There were discordant perceptions regarding the phenomenon, most of which reiterated gender stereotypes. However, they reveal attitudes favorable to overcoming mainly related to the attainment of autonomy.
Social networks of patients with chronic skin lesions: nursing care
Authors: Bandeira Luciana Alves , Santos Maxuel Cruz dos , Duarte Êrica Rosalba Mallmann , Bandeira Andrea Gonçalves , Riquinho Deise Lisboa , Vieira Letícia Becker
Published: March 2018

ABSTRACT Objective: To describe the social networks of patients with chronic skin damages. Method: A qualitative study conducted through semi-structured interviews with nine subjects with chronic skin lesions from June 2016 to March 2017; we used the theoretical-methodological framework of Lia Sanicola’s Social Network. Results: The analysis of the relational maps revealed that the primary network was formed mainly by relatives and neighbors; its characteristics, such as: reduced size, low density and few exchanges/relationships, configures fragility in these links. The secondary network was essentially described by health services, and the nurse was cited as a linker in the therapeutic process. Final considerations: Faced with the fragility of the links and social isolation, the primary health care professionals are fundamental foundations for the construction of networks of social support and care for patients with chronic skin lesions.
Evaluation study of the National Immunization Program Information System
Authors: Silva Brener Santos , Coelho Hiago Victor , Cavalcante Ricardo Bezerra , Oliveira Valéria Conceição de , Guimarães Eliete Albano de Azevedo
Published: March 2018

ABSTRACT Objective: To carry out the National Immunization Program Information System (SIPNI) accessability assessment (EA), considering the description of the intervention, the elaboration of the theoretical-logical model and the identification of the evaluative questions. Method: A single case study with a qualitative approach, based on the system of seven elements proposed by Thurston and Ramaliu (2005). The SIPNI and the context of analysis, the vaccination rooms, were defined as the case. Results: The SIPNI description, based on documents and scientific evidence, made it possible to understand its operationalization, the main events that characterize it. The theoretical-logical model visually and systematically configured the SIPNI organization with details of the inputs, activities, products and expected effects. The evaluative questions were evaluated and validated to evaluate the SIPNI. Final considerations: The SIPNI is evaluable and presented a favorable scenario for its development. EA is an important strategy for planning subsequent evaluations, maximizing their potentials.
Health advocacy in nursing: contribution to the reorientation of the Brazilian healthcare model
Authors: Oliveira Maria Amélia de Campos , Silva Tharsila Martins Rios da
Published: March 2018

ABSTRACT Inequalities are the result of the different positions held by individuals in different social spaces, and are related to the distribution of power and property. Health advocacy is a strategy to reduce such inequalities, especially those considered unfair and unnecessary, aiming to fully promote the right to health. This study aims to discuss the contribution of nursing in the field of health advocacy, which includes the right of everyone to a healthy life as one of the strategies for the reorientation of the Brazilian healthcare model.
Epidemiological profile of maternal mortality
Authors: Martins Ana Claudia Sierra , Silva Lélia Souza
Published: March 2018

ABSTRACT Objective: To know the epidemiological profile of maternal mortality in Juiz de Fora, a city in the state of Minas Gerais. Data collection was carried out from April to December 2016. Method: Summary of a confidential investigation of maternal mortality on deaths occurred from January 1st, 2005 to December 31, 2015. Results: Eighty-five deaths of women residing in Juiz de Fora were identified and analyzed. The age group was between 20 and 36 years. The women carried out prenatal care (74.1%) with less than six visits (34.0%). Cesarean section was conducted in 38.8% of the childbirths and the obstetric treatment was considered appropriate (32.9%). The first cause of maternal death was hypovolemic shock 12 (14.10%), followed by uterine hypotony 6 (7.0%). Conclusion: Cesarean section rates are high and prenatal adherence is lower than that expected, which could justify the number of deaths in the period studied.
Advanced practice nursing: a possibility for Primary Health Care?
Authors: Miranda Neto Manoel Vieira de , Rewa Talita , Leonello Valéria Marli , Oliveira Maria Amélia de Campos
Published: March 2018

ABSTRACT Objective: Reflect on the role of advanced practice nursing (APN) in the context of Brazilian primary health care. Method: analysis of the main scientific productions and of the discussion on the implementation of APN. Results: there are favorable areas for the work of APN in primary health care, especially in the family health strategy. Professional master’s degree and nurse residency programs constitute powerful training spaces. As a challenge, standardized definition of the roles of advanced practice nurses and of minimum training for work are necessary. Final considerations: researches that contribute to understanding the perspectives, facilitators, and barriers for APN are necessary, as well as determining the population’s health needs and expectations concerning the role of these professionals.
Nursing in Collective Health: reinterpretation of objective reality by the praxis action
Authors: Egry Emiko Yoshikawa , Fonseca Rosa Maria Godoy Serpa da , Oliveira Maria Amélia de Campos , Bertolozzi Maria Rita
Published: March 2018

ABSTRACT Objective: To discuss the phase of reinterpretation of objective reality of the Theory of Praxis Intervention of Nursing in Collective Health (Tipesc), in search of the praxis that it promotes. Method: Analysis of interventions in projects that are based on Tipesc and its results, since the 1990s. Results: Developed and implemented projects show that praxis is the way to achieve the aimed changes. Conclusion: We concluded that Tipesc is currently the explanatory and interventional theory, since it is grounded on its theoretical bases, which arise from philosophical bases of dialectical and historical materialism.
Characterization of users at risk of developing diabetes: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Lima Carla Lidiane Jácome de , Ferreira Thalys Maynnard Costa , Oliveira Patrícia Simplício de , Ferreira Josefa Danielma Lopes , Silva Eliane Cristina da , Costa Marta Miriam Lopes
Published: March 2018

ABSTRACT Objective: To characterize the profile of users at risk of developing diabetes mellitus type 2 according to sociodemographic and clinical variables. Method: Cross-sectional study, descriptive, quantitative approach conducted with 266 users of Basic Care. Inferential statistics analysis, calculating the crude prevalence ratio with confidence interval of 95% and Kruskal-Wallis test, and application of the multivariate technique simple Correspondence Analysis. Results: It was noted that 83.1% were women and 36.4% frequented the Family Health Unit from 1 to 5 years. Regarding the factors associated with diabetes mellitus type 2, 66.5% of the users were overweight and 77.9% were rated with central obesity. The great majority, 77.4%, did not practice physical activities and 21.1% had altered glycemia. Conclusion: The results showed that many risk factors for developing diabetes mellitus type 2 were among the population of the study.
Função compras no setor público: desafios para o alcance da celeridade dos pregões eletrônicos
Authors: Almeida Alessandro Anibal Martins de , Sano Hironobu
Published: March 2018

Resumo Este artigo aborda a questão dos prazos nos processos de compras no âmbito da administração pública federal. Seu principal objetivo é analisar os fatores que influenciaram na execução das subfases do pregão eletrônico na Base Aérea de Natal (Bant), tendo como parâmetro o princípio da celeridade. Baseado na teoria sobre a função compras, quatro dimensões foram estabelecidas: “Legislação e processos de compras”, “Estrutura e organização do setor de compras”, “Sistemas de compras” e “Recursos humanos do setor de compras”. No campo metodológico, foram realizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas com os agentes públicos da Bant. A análise por subfases, procedimento inédito na literatura, identificou novos fatores que afetam a celeridade: falta de integração entre o setor requisitante e o de compras, falta de integração entre o setor requisitante e o pregoeiro, e falhas no banco de dados do Comprasnet.
Para além dos preços contratados: fatores determinantes da celeridade nas entregas de compras públicas eletrônicas
Authors: Reis Paulo Ricardo da Costa , Cabral Sandro
Published: March 2018

Resumo Estudos sobre a efetividade das compras públicas frequentemente enfatizam o preço de aquisição. Pouco se sabe, contudo, sobre outras dimensões de desempenho das contratações realizadas pelo governo, incluindo as relações de interdependência entre custo de aquisição e qualidade. Usando a celeridade na entrega como dimensão alternativa de desempenho, este estudo investigou quais são os mecanismos que ajudam a compreender a redução dos preços contratados e dos prazos de entrega dos objetos adquiridos por meio de compras públicas eletrônicas, bem como a influência da economia obtida na fase de licitação sobre a celeridade da entrega. Analisando uma base de dados única, com informações detalhadas de 3.755 processos de compras realizadas por um órgão do governo federal, constatou-se que, embora as licitações eletrônicas sejam eficazes para reduzir preços contratados nos certames de intensa competição, não há relação significativa entre o acirramento da concorrência entre os participantes e a celeridade na entrega. Ademais, os resultados indicam que fornecedores com histórico de desempenho insatisfatório são exatamente aqueles que continuam comprometendo o resultado das compras públicas.
Gestão fiscal e pilares da Lei de Responsabilidade Fiscal: evidências em grandes municípios
Authors: Cruz Cláudia Ferreira da , Afonso Luís Eduardo
Published: March 2018

Resumo De uma perspectiva multidimensional da gestão fiscal, este trabalho analisa a relação entre indicadores de cumprimento de metas e limites fiscais com variáveis representativas dos pilares planejamento, transparência e controle. O estudo utilizou dados primários de 282 municípios brasileiros, com população superior a 100 mil habitantes, no período de 2010 a 2013. Os indicadores fiscais não apresentaram relações significativas entre si e revelaram ainda reduzida associação com as demais variáveis representativas da gestão fiscal. Sugere-se que uma das razões esteja na diferença entre os incentivos que os gestores públicos têm para cumprir metas e limites fiscais e para atender os demais pilares. Esta pesquisa amplia a discussão sobre a avaliação da gestão fiscal responsável para além da literatura sobre indicadores de cumprimento de metas e limites fiscais.
Reflexões sobre a comunicação em políticas públicas: proposta de um modelo de avaliação da comunicação governamental
Authors: Cezar Layon Carlos
Published: March 2018

Resumo Por entender a comunicação como mediadora para o alcance dos objetivos sociais e governamentais, objetivou-se neste estudo criar e testar um modelo de avaliação da comunicação governamental alicerçado nos pressupostos teóricos do campo. O modelo foi aplicado à análise da Política Nacional de Resíduos Sólidos, uma vez que a mesma enfrenta dificuldades em seu processo de institucionalização ante as diretrizes preconizadas pelo new public management. A partir da análise de conteúdo das entrevistas e de documentos disponibilizados por diferentes atores institucionais no Ministério do Meio Ambiente e em municípios da Zona da Mata Mineira, os dados apontam para a necessidade de um modelo de comunicação particularizado e que não crie estratégias massificadas para gestores, mas que entenda as peculiaridades municipais e regionalismos brasileiros.
Gestão municipal e corrupção na implementação de programas educacionais federais
Authors: Olivieri Cecília , Martinelli Bruno , Massucatto Pedro , Silva Carolina Bragança
Published: March 2018

Resumo Este trabalho analisa a implementação de programas federais de educação nos municípios por meio da análise estruturada de textos dos relatórios de fiscalização da CGU do ano de 2014. Estudos sobre gestão e corrupção nos municípios compõem o referencial teórico. O objetivo é analisar os problemas que afetam a gestão de programas federais em municípios. A principal conclusão aponta que é preciso aumentar a atenção de pesquisadores e gestores para questões relativas à qualidade da gestão municipal, pois elas afetam mais frequentemente a implementação das políticas do que problemas de corrupção
Growth and distribution: a revised classical model
Authors: BRESSER-PEREIRA LUIZ CARLOS
Published: March 2018

ABSTRACT This paper discusses distribution and the historical phases of capitalism. It assumes that technical progress and growth are taking place, and, given that, its question is on the functional distribution of income between labor and capital, having as reference classical theory of distribution and Marx’s falling tendency of the rate of profit. Based on the historical experience, it, first, inverts the model, making the rate of profit as the constant variable in the long run and the wage rate, as the residuum; second, it distinguishes three types of technical progress (capital-saving, neutral and capital-using) and applies it to the history of capitalism, having the UK and France as reference. Given these three types of technical progress, it distinguishes five phases of capitalist growth, where only the second is consistent with Marx prediction. In the final phase, corresponding to financier-rentier capitalism and neoliberalism, the profit rate recovered from the fall of the 1970s, while wages have been growing below the growth of productivity.
Estabilidade monetária e CEPAL: A heterogeneidade do pensamento estruturalista latino-americano
Authors: APRIGIO PEDRO LUIZ , CARVALHO ANDRÉ RONCAGLIA DE
Published: March 2018

RESUMO O artigo verifica a hipótese de homogeneidade estrita do pensamento estruturalista latino-americano em matéria de estabilidade monetária em seus anos iniciais. Em meados da década de 1950, o crescente e contínuo fenômeno inflacionário na região era explicado pela CEPAL como resultante da presença de estrangulamentos nas estruturas reais da economia. Entretanto, o canal de transmissão ao nível de preços é explicado pelos autores de maneiras diversas, gerando-se, por conseguinte, diferentes propostas de estabilização. O artigo sublinha a flexibilidade metodológica e o grau de fragmentação teórica da abordagem cepalina, bem como a controvérsia sobre a inflação constituir parte do processo de desenvolvimento. A análise destes elementos revela uma tensão entre os aspectos keynesianos anglo-saxônicos na abordagem de Prebisch e a original teoria latino-americana proposta por Noyola e Furtado. Avalia-se em que medida este descompasso impediu a constituição de um corpo teórico diferenciado em matéria de estabilização monetária.
Real exchange rate and structural change in a Kaldorian balance of payments constrained growth model
Authors: SANTANA BERNARDO MATTOS , OREIRO JOSÉ LUIS
Published: March 2018

ABSTRACT The objective of the present article is to develop a Kaldorian Growth model that (i) had a balance of payments constraint, in order to eliminate the inconsistency of balance of payments growth models; and (ii) defines a precise mechanism by which the level of real exchange rate can affect long-term growth. An important innovation introduced in the model is the idea that Kaldor-Verdoorn coefficient - that measures the sensibility of growth rate of labor productivity to output growth - depends on the share of manufacturing output on GDP. This hypothesis allowed us to introduce the possibility of structural change, defined as a dynamic process by which the share of manufacturing industry on real output could change over time. In this case, it will be possible to analyze the dynamic properties of the model either in the case where productive structure is kept constant (case with no structural change), as in the case where it evolves over time as a result of some economic process (case with structural change).
Macroeconomia desenvolvimentista: uma avaliação pós-Keynesiana
Authors: RESENDE MARCO FLÁVIO DA CUNHA , TERRA FÁBIO HENRIQUE BITTES
Published: March 2018

RESUMO A relação entre taxa de câmbio, investimento e crescimento econômico tem sido objeto de estudo de autores de diferentes matizes teóricos, e está no centro da análise do chamado Novo Desenvolvimentismo, cujo modelo foi sistematizado recentemente por seus autores, após muitos anos trabalhando neste tema e com diversos artigos publicados em periódicos nacionais e internacionais. O objetivo deste artigo é realizar uma avaliação crítica do Novo Desenvolvimentismo (DM). Conforme seu argumento central, os países em desenvolvimento apresentam apreciação crônica e cíclica da sua taxa de câmbio real que, por sua vez, impõe limites ao investimento e crescimento dos setores mais dinâmicos e de maior produtividade da economia, impedindo a convergência da renda per capita dos países em desenvolvimento e desenvolvidos. Constatamos diversas contribuições do DM à literatura, mas, também, equívocos, contradições e a necessidade de elaboração teórica em diversas áreas da economia para que seja alcançado um modelo coerente e completo, capaz de explicar as barreiras ao aumento da renda per capita nos países em desenvolvimento, como também as políticas necessárias para superá-las.
Exchange rate determination and the flaws of mainstream monetary theory
Authors: FLASSBECK HEINER
Published: March 2018

ABSTRACT Developing countries in general need flexibility and a sufficient number of instruments to prevent excessive volatility. Evidence does not support the orthodox belief that, with free floating, international financial markets will perform that role by smoothly adjusting exchange rates to their “equilibrium” level. In reality, exchange rates under a floating regime have proved to be highly unstable, leading to long spells of misalignment. The experience with hard pegs has not been satisfactory either: the exchange rate could not be corrected in cases of external shocks or misalignment. Given this experience, “intermediate” regimes are preferable when there is instability in international financial markets.
Financial flows and the New Developmentalism
Authors: Carvalho Fernando J. Cardim de
Published: March 2018

ABSTRACT New Developmentalism has focused its attention on trade problems created, to a large measure, by the divergences between the exchange rate that keeps the current account of the balance of payments balanced and what it calls industrial equilibrium exchange rate, the rate that would preserve the competitiveness of manufacturing firms operating at the state-or-art frontier. ND acknowledges that these rates may be disturbed by financial flows, but the role of capital account movements may be underestimated. The paper argues that financial flows have indeed been underestimated, which may make more difficult to devise efficacious policies to correct the problem of currency overvaluation.
Desenvolvimento e nação em Bresser-Pereira: uma “viagem redonda”?
Authors: MIRANDA DANIEL ESTEVÃO RAMOS DE
Published: March 2018

RESUMO O objetivo deste trabalho é analisar o tema do desenvolvimento na produção intelectual de Luiz Carlos Bresser-Pereira. Defende-se aqui que as mudanças em suas concepções estão fortemente ligadas às suas movimentações profissionais e políticas e propõe-se separar sua produção em quatro grandes variações: nacional-desenvolvimentismo, subdesenvolvimento industrializado, crise do Estado e novo desenvolvimentismo. Visto em perspectiva alongada, a obra de Bresser-Pereira revela um autor em busca do protagonista do processo de desenvolvimento brasileiro.
Notas para a discussão do tempo na economia: uma modelagem heterodoxa
Authors: CARVALHO ENÉAS G. DE
Published: March 2018

RESUMO O objetivo deste artigo é apresentar as principais contribuições heterodoxas (não deterministas) para a abordagem do tempo, em economia, e contrapô-las ao enfoque dominante. Adicionalmente, busca-se contribuir para o entendimento das razões pelas quais a concepção determinista do tempo ainda é dominante - e talvez hegemônica - entre os economistas. Esta situação tem permanecido assim apesar do fato de que a abordagem alternativa (não determinista) tenha se revelado mais adequada ao seu objeto e venha ganhando importância e atenção significativa em uma ampla gama de disciplinas científicas. Este artigo procura avançar uma hipótese explicativa para esta situação paradoxal e intrigante, sem ter, entretanto, a pretensão de dar uma resposta completa ou definitiva para esta importante e intrincada questão.
Ideologia em estado puro: Juros e inflação para além da aparência neoclássica
Authors: VARASCHIN JORGE ARMINDO AGUIAR
Published: March 2018

RESUMO Há uma crença em parcela dos/as economistas brasileiros/as alusiva à possibilidade de análises econômicas que excluam influências ideológicas. A ortodoxia neoclássica funda sua pretensão científica apoiada na premissa de sua própria neutralidade, influindo no debate econômico nacional: o não reconhecimento de seu caráter ideológico, conforme esvazia de significação conceitos centrais como a inflação, interdita a discussão da qual faz parte. Este trabalho investiga esse deslocamento de conteúdo, cuja síntese manifesta-se através da temática inflacionária, apresentando esse “vazio” conceitual como momento de perda de sua eficácia analítica, mas que, justamente por isso, redimensiona seu papel como veículo ideológico.
Objetividade valor e forma valor. Apontamentos de Marx para a segunda edição de O Capital
Authors: LIMA RÔMULO , HEINRICH MICHAEL
Published: March 2018

RESUMO O artigo consiste em uma apresentação e em comentários à tradução, publicada aqui pela primeira vez em português, de extratos retirados dos cadernos preparatórios de Marx para a segunda edição de O Capital, de 1872. O conteúdo desses extratos sublinham o caráter social da objetividade valor, o que indica a importância a análise da forma valor para a crítica social elaborada por Marx. Partindo dos diferentes tratamentos da forma valor contidas em Para a crítica da Economia Política (1859), O Capital (1867) e O capital (1872), os comentários abordam, além de aspectos práticos do problema, a particularidade do objeto de análise de Marx e sua diferença com relação ao objeto de estudo da Economia Política clássica.
Influence of Photoinitiator on Accelerated Artificial Aging and Bond Strength of Experimental Resin Cements
Authors: Righi Helouise , Costa Ana Rosa , Oliveira Dayane Carvalho Ramos Salles de , Abuna Gabriel Flores , Sinhoreti Mario Alexandre Coelho , Naufel Fabiana Scarparo
Published: March 2018

Abstract The goal of this study was to evaluate in vitro the effect of the photoinitiator phenylpropanedione (PPD), alone or combined with camphorquinone (CQ), on color stability of photoactivated resin cements and their bond strength to ceramics using a micro-shear test. Four resin cements were used: a commercial brand cement (RelyX Veneer®) and 3 experimental cements with different types and concentration of photoinitiators. For color analysis, ceramic discs were cemented on bovine dentin specimens to simulate indirect restorations (n=8) and were exposed to UV for 120 h and tested for color alteration using a reflectance spectrophotometer and the CIEL*a*b* system. Data were analyzed by Anova and Tukey’s test at 5% significance level. The color test results did not present statistically significant difference for the ∆E for all the studied cements, neither for ∆L, ∆a and ∆b. For the bond strength, all the studied cements showed statistically significant differences to each other, with the highest result for the RelyX Veneer® (29.07 MPa) cement, followed by the cement with CQ (21.74 MPa) and CQ+PPD (19.09 MPa) cement; the lowest result was obtained by the cement using only PPD as a photoinitiator (13.99 MPa). So, based on the studied parameters, PPD was not advantageous as photoinitiator of resin cements, because it showed a low value of bond strength to the ceramics and no superior color stability.