bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PERBANDINGAN AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI EKSTRAK ETANOL DAN ASETON UMBI WORTEL (Daucus carota L.) TERHADAP Streptococcus mutans SECARA IN VITRO
Authors: Putri Bian Tiara , Chusniasih Dewi , Nofita Nofita
Published: January 2023

Karies gigi merupakan kerusakan gigi yang disebabkan oleh beberapa bakteri antara lain yaitu bakteri Streptococcus mutans. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak etanol dan aseton umbi wortel (Daucus carota L.) terhadap bakteri Streptococcus mutans. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode ekstraksi maserasi dengan menggunakan pelarut etanol 70% dan aseton 80% dan pengujian antibakteri dilakukan dengan metode cakram. Konsentrasi ekstrak etanol dan aseton umbi wortel yang digunakan adalah 25%, 50% , 75%, dan 100%. Hasil penelitian menunjukan ekstrak etanol pada konsentrasi 100% memiliki zona hambatan sebesar 6,83 mm dan termasuk kedalam kategori hambat sedang. Ekstrak aseton konsentrasi 100% sebesar 6,33 mm termasuk kedalam kategori hambat sedang. Semakin tinggi konsentrasi ekstrak etanol dan aseton umbi wortel, semakin luas zona hambatnya. Zona hambat ekstrak etanol pada konsentrasi 25% yaitu 2,33 mm, sedangkan ekstrak aseton pada konsentrasi 25% tidak memiliki zona hambat.
HUBUNGAN TINGKAT DEPRESI DENGAN KUALITAS HIDUP PADA PASIEN PASCA STROKE HAEMORRAGIC DI RSUD DR. H. ABDUL MOELOEK
Authors: Puspitasari Maharani Putri , Yunus Muhammad , Lutfianawati Dewi , Setiawati Octa Reni
Published: January 2023

Pasien pasca stroke juga mengalami gangguan psikologis, hal ini terjadi karena ketidakmampuan melakukan aktivitas sehari-hari seperti biasa sehingga emosi pada pasien tidak stabil dan kemudian berdampak pada kualitas hidup pasien pasca stroke. Adanya depresi diduga memperparah kondisi fungsional, fisik, psikologis dan sosial pasien stroke yang sejak awal sudah terganggu serta tingkat kematian yang tinggi dari pada pasien pasca stroke tanpa depresi. Penelitian ini diketahui Hubungan Tingkat Depresi Dengan Kualitas Hidup Pada Pasien Pasca Stroke Haemorragic Di RSUD Dr. H. Abdul Moeloek Tahun 2022. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Populasi pada penelitian adalah semua Pasien Pasca Stroke Haemorragic Di RSUD Dr. H. Abdul Moeloek Tahun 2022 sejumlah 30 orang, Sampel pada penelitian ini sejumlah 30 orang. Pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner. Analisis hubungan menggunakan uji chi square. Responden dengan depresi sedang yaitu berjumlah 12 orang (40.0%), Responden paling banyak dengan kualitas hidup kurang baik yaitu berjumlah 20 orang (66,7%). Ada hubungan antara tingkat depresi dengan kualitas hidup pada pasien pasca stroke hemoragik di RSUD dr. H. Abdul Moeloek Provinsi Lampung. Ada hubungan antara tingkat depresi dengan kualitas hidup pada pasien pasca stroke hemoragik.
HUBUNGAN ANTARA PEMBELAJARAN DALAM JARINGAN (DARING) DENGAN TINGKAT STRES SELAMA PANDEMI COVID-19 PADA MAHASISWA FAKULTAS KEDOKTERAN UNIVERSITAS MALAHAYATI BANDAR LAMPUNG ANGKATAN 2019
Authors: Risky Ririn Pearl , Sahara Nita , Sudiadnyani Ni Putu , Lestari Sri Maria Puji
Published: January 2023

Virus Corona merupakan virus baru yang masih belum terindentifikasi pada manusia sebelumnya, sehingga disebut 2019 Novel Coronavirus atau 2019-nCoV. Dengan adanya kebijakan WFH hampir semua perguruan tinggi di Indonesia melakukan pembelajaran Daring. Mekanisme adaptasi dari perkuliahan secara tatap muka menjadi perkuliahan Daring menurut beberapa teori dapat menimbulkan stress. Stres merupakan pengalaman paling sering dialami dalam lingkungan akademik, baik yang sedang belajar di tingkat sekolah ataupun perguruan tinggi. Penelitian ini diketahui hubungan antara pembelajaran Daring dengan tingkat stres selama pandemi Covid-19 pada mahasiswa Program Studi Kedokteran Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Malahayati Bandar Lampung Angkatan 2019. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Populasi pada penelitian adalah semua mahasiswa angkata 2019 sejumlah 136 orang, Sampel pada penelitian ini sejumlah 102 orang. Pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner. Analisis hubungan menggunakan uji Chi Square. Responden menyatakan pembelajaran Daring tidak efektif yaitu berjumlah 58 orang (56.9%), tidak mengalami stress yaitu berjumlah 65 orang (63,7%). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ada hubungan antara pembelajaran Daring dengan tingkat stres selama pandemi Covid-19 pada mahasiswa Program Studi Kedokteran Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Malahayati Bandar Lampung Angkatan 2019 (p value 0,007, OR 3,63). Ada hubungan antara pembelajaran Daring dengan tingkat stres selama pandemi Covid-19.
APLIKASI miRNA SEBAGAI BIOMARKER IDENTIFIKASI PADA INVESTIGASI FORENSIK
Authors: Sari Ni Luh Putu Eka Kartika , Saamia Vira , Novitasari Novitasari , Kurniati Mala
Published: January 2023

Mikro RNA (miRNA) adalah molekul RNA non-coding yang mengandung 18-24 nukleotida yang sangat terkonservasi dan terlibat dalam pengaturan banyak mekanisme biokimia dalam tubuh manusia. Beberapa penelitian menunjukkan bahwa miRNA dapat bertindak sebagai penanda dalam beragam identifikasi forensik dalam mengidentifikasi penentuan waktu kematian, cairan tubuh, vitalitas luka, dan bidang forensik lainnya. miRNA dalam cairan tubuh dan jaringan diketahui meningkat akibat patofisiologi yang berubah. Studi tentang miRNA pada bidang forensik menjadi hal menarik ditelusuri karena stabilitas dan spesifisitasnya sehingga dapat menjawab secara definitif informasi penting yang diperlukan untuk penyelidikan dan penuntutan, seperti asal cairan sampel yang diperiksa. Karakteristik miRNA sebagai penanda molekuler forensik selaras dengan ketahanannya terhadap degradasi sehingga cocok sebagai penandaendogen. Namun, kurangnya protokol dalam pengujian forensik secara ilmiah dan rendahnya studi pada penanda molekuler ini dalam biologi forensik memerlukan analisis literatur ilmiah mengenai penggunaan forensik miRNA.
PENGARUH KEPUTUSAN INVESTASI, KEPUTUSAN PENDANAAN, KINERJA KEUANGAN, INFLASI, NILAI TUKAR DAN DIVIDEN TERHADAP HARGA SAHAM PADA PERUSAHAAN MANUFAKTUR YANG TERDAFTAR DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA TAHUN 2016-2018
Authors: Sari Ratna , Puspita Indah Lia , Luthfi Muhammad , Wuryanti Lestari
Published: January 2023

This study aims to determine the Investment Decisions, Funding Decisions, Financial Performance, Inflation, Exchange Rates, and Dividends Against Stock Prices. This study uses data from the 2016-2018 Financial Statements. The object of this research is Manufacturing Companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange(IDX).Data collection method used in this study is purposive sampling method, which is the determination of samples based on the suitability of certain characteristics and criteria. Based on the purposive sampling method, obtained research samples were conducted on 105 samples of manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (BEI) in 2016-2018. Hypothesis testing in this study was carried out by using multiple linear regression analysis methods in the Eviews 8.1 applicationprogramKeywords: Investment Decisions, Funding Decisions, Financial Performance, Inflation, Exchange Rates, Dividends and StockPrices.
Pengaruh Good Corporate Governance dan Leverage terhadap Kinerja Keuangan (Studi pada Perusahaan Manufaktur yang terdaftar di BEI)
Authors: Agustina Nita , Aprianti Kartin
Published: January 2023

Purpose of this study to explain how much influence good corporate governance and leverage can affect financial performance. Data was collected bt targeting random sampling from 6 cemen sub-sector companies listed on the Indonesian Stock Exchange between 2016-2020. Multiple linear analysis was used as the analytical method. then tested the hypothesis with a partial T test and simultaneous F test with the determinant coefficient with a significance level of 5%. Management supervision carried out by independent commissioners does not a significant impact on financial performance. Many or at least the number of audit committees in a company does not significant impact on financial performance. low leverage has a significant impact on financial performance. However based on a simultaneous reviews, the combination of independent commissioners, audit committees and leverage has a significant impact  on financial performance.
Dampak Pandemi Covid-19 Pada Aktivitas Ekspor-Impor Provinsi Lampung (Studi Pada PT. Pelabuhan Indonesia Cabang Panjang)
Authors: Suryani Suryani , Susanty P Melan
Published: January 2023

This study aims to determine the development of export and import activities in Lampung Province during the Covid-19 pandemic, especially at the Port of Panjang-Bandar Lampung. The type of research used is qualitative research, and the sampling technique uses purposive sampling method. This research is expected to provide information or knowledge for exporters, importers, related institutions, especially port managers. Based on the results of the study, export and import activities in Lampung Province through the Port of Panjang-Bandar Lampung experienced a significant decline during the Covid-19 pandemic. The impact of the Covid-19 pandemic is not only on the health sector, but also has a significant impact on the economic and business sectors, especially in export and import activities.
Analisis Faktor – Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Penggunaan Informasi Akuntansi Pada UMKM Di Bandar Lampung
Authors: Astuti Sri , Irawan Irawan , Sidik Muhammad Muhayyin
Published: January 2023

Pengembangan dan pertumbuhan UMKM merupakan salah satu motor penggerak yang krusial bagi pembangunan ekonomi. Berdasarkan pengalaman di negara-negara maju menunjukkan bahwa UMKM adalah sumber dari inovasi produksi dan teknologi, pertumbuhan jumlah wirausahawan yang kreatif dan inovatif dan penciptaan tenaga kerja terampil dan fleksibel dalam proses produksi.Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menganalisis faktor-faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap penggunaan informasi akuntansi bagi UMKM. Faktor-faktor tersebut adalah jenjang pendidikan pemilik,lama usaha,  skala usaha,dan pengetahuan pemilik tentang informasi akuntansi apakah berpengaruh terhadap penggunaan informasi akuntansi.Hasil penelitian ini sangat penting untuk para pelaku UMKM di Kota Bandar Lampung untuk lebih memahami dan memanfaatkan informasi akuntansi dalam penyusunan laporan keuangannya. Hasil penelitian ini juga dapat dijadikan dasar bagi Pemerintah Kota Bandar Lampung dalam menambahkan berbagai langkah strategis dalam memberikan pembinaan dan pendampingan UMKM dan melakukan evaluasi terhadap capaian yang selama ini sudah dilakukan dalam rangka mendukung program Pemerintah Kota untuk semakin memberdayakan UMKM.
Accuracy Assessment of “Step-by-Step” Simulation Modeling Method for Rock Breaking by TBM Disc Cutters Assisted with Laser
Authors: Zhang Kui , Kuang Minghai , Liu Jingang , Zheng Xuejun , Qiao Shuo
Published: January 2023

Rock breaking by laser-assisted disc cutters is a novel high-efficiency rock breaking mode that combines mechanical stress induced by the disc cutters with thermal cracking by laser. This paper presented a “step-by-step” simulation modeling concept, and conducted an in-depth study on potential influencing factors of simulation accuracy at each key step. First, the prediction accuracy of laser holes in laser drilling simulation was discussed. Second, the SHPB simulation and experiment were carried out to evaluate the accuracy of the selected material constitutive model in simulating the dynamic fracture damage of rock. Then, taking the laser-assisted rock-penetrating process of the scaled disc cutter as an example, the simulation prediction accuracy of rock-breaking by the disc cutter was analyzed. Finally, the simulation and experiment of laser-assisted disc cutter penetration into rock was carried out, and then the feasibility of the “step-by-step” concept was analyzed. The results show that: (1) in the laser drilling simulation, the predicted accuracy of laser hole size is higher when the power is low; with the laser power increases, the large amount of glass glaze will affect the subsequent modeling accuracy; (2) the HJC model can be used to simulate the transient nonlinear fracture damage behavior of granite; (3) the damage morphology of the granite obtained by the penetration simulation is highly similar to the experimental results, and the load curve should be corrected by the peak point fitting method. The results show the application prospects of the proposed numerical modeling method in future laser-assisted TBM tunnelling.
Hacia una educación médica basada en competencias: Fundamento en implementación en los programas de especialidades médicas de la Universidad del Azuay
Authors:   Universidad del Azuay, Ochoa-Parra Marcelo
Published: January 2023

El texto Hacia una educación médica basada en competencias, se constituye en una obra que sirve de consulta y estimula la reflexión sobre el tema. A lo largo de los capítulos, el lector se expondrá a diversos conceptos y reflexiones con los que se van formulando conexiones que le dan a la obra fuerza e identidad. La educación y el entrenamiento de un médico deben ser lo suficientemente flexibles para adaptarse a la incorporación de nuevas habilidades en forma rápida y eficiente, con estricto apego a las normas que marcan el ejercicio de la profesión; sin dejar de lado hechos profundos como son la ética y el profesionalismo, valores que contribuyen a potenciar las máximas virtudes del médico. Sin duda que esta obra es un trabajo valioso, que contribuye en forma agradable a reflexionar sobre aspectos fundamentales en la educación y en la práctica de la medicina actual. 78 páginas ISBN: 978-9942-847-16-4 e-ISBN: 978-9942-847-17-1
Umbilical Cord Care Attitude among the Caregivers and the Rate of Development of Omphalitis
Authors: Amaan Abdullahel , Dey Sanjoy Kumer , Zahan Khainoor , Mostari Mohtarama , Saima Azmery , Hossain Arif , Amin Tahsinul , Talukder Mujibur Rahman
Published: January 2023

Background: Of the annual 2.5 million global neonatal deaths, most occurring in developing countries, and one-third to one half are attributed to infections. In low-income countries like Bangladesh, where home delivery is common and attendance by skilled personnel is low, many babies are born in unhygienic conditions and infections of the umbilical cord stump are common. Exposure of the freshly cut umbilical cord stump to pathogens may lead to local cord infections (omphalitis) that may progress to systemic infection and death. Objective: To evaluate the pattern of umbilical cord care practices and the rate of development of omphalitis. Methodology: It was a prospective observational study included 80 neonates. This study was conducted over a period of six months from May to November 2013 in the obstetrics unit of department of obstetrics and gynaecology, Sher-E-Bangla Medical College Hospital, Barisal. Results: A total 80 out born neonates, accompanying their mothers who were admitted due to their post-partum complications from home delivery, were included in this study. Among them twelve (15%) were found to have omphalitis, of which nine (11.25%) were with mild omphalitis and three (3.75%) with moderate omphalitis. Umbilical cords were mostly (58.75%) cut by used shaving blades and tied by washed thread from home (88.75%). Most of the caregivers (65%) had educational qualification below primary level. Forty-two (52.5%) of the eighty caregivers had not heard about WHO recommended dry cord care method. All of the caregivers applied traditional substances to the cord and mustard oil was the commonest (75%) practice. It was applicable in all omphalitis cases. Statistically significant relationship (p < 0.05) was found with omphalitis and cord cutting instrument, topical application of traditional substances to the cord, caregivers’ educational status and knowledge about dry cord care. Conclusion: Omphalitis rate among enrolled newborn was 15% cutting cord with unsterile instruments, applying traditional substances to the cord and low educational status among the care givers are related with development of omphalitis.
COVID-19, Public Health Policy and The Variant Dilemma: What Should Have Been Done That Was Not Done?
Authors: Cati Matteo Maria
Published: January 2023

The recent surge in the number of cases of confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection in Europe raises an important question about the management of the pandemic by the health authorities in Europe in light of the emergence of the new Omicron lineages B.A. 4 and B.A.5 that need to be further investigated. This article, which highlights the existence of a one-to-one relationship between the peaks of the –COVID-19 pandemic in Europe and the economic slowdown of the affected nations, raises an important question as to what the reasons are that led many European governments to decide to relax some of the emergency measures. The question is of no small importance considering the timing, which could outline a cause-effect relationship, between the relaxations of some emergency measures in Europe (such as the nonmandatory use of FFP2 masks outdoors and indoors) and the increase in infections.
Omicron Transmissibility, Severity, Vaccines, and Future Perspectives
Authors: Maqbool Adil , Jesmin Subrina , Shimojo Nobutake , Moroi Masao
Published: January 2023

SARS-CoV-2 Omicron is the next possible version of the COVID-19 virus that will spread globally after the D614G, Beta/Gamma, and Delta waves. Among all the VOCs studied to date, the virus has the highest mutation rate, making it more likely to spread and more resistant to the vaccine's protective effects. To respond effectively, getting people thinking about the issue without going overboard is necessary. The emergence of new COVID-19 variations like Omicron serves as a sobering reminder that this pandemic is far from over. Until the vaccine is widely distributed, people should remain isolated from one another, use protective gear such as masks and wash their hands frequently and ventilate their homes to reduce the spread of the infection. Access to vaccines and other preventative health care is a global need.
Effect of ThymoQuin Black Cumin Seed Oil as a Natural Immune Modulator of Upper-Respiratory Tract Complaints and Psychological Mood State.
Authors: Talbott Shawn M , Talbott Julie A
Published: January 2023

We conducted a randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled study to evaluate the effects of dietary supplementation with black cumin seed oil (Nigella sativa) on upper-respiratory tract complaints (URTCs) and psychological mood state. Thirty-seven runners (13.1-mile half-marathon and 26.2-mile marathon distance) consumed 500mg of black cumin seed oil extract (commercial name ThymoQuin®3%) or placebo daily during the 4 week supplementation period (3 weeks before and 1 week following a marathon or half-marathon competition). We collected subjective and objective measures before and after supplementation. Before and after supplementation, each subject completed two subjective surveys; (1) the profile of mood state (POMS) psychological assessment and (2) a standardized health log assessing health status and URTCs, as well as provided saliva samples and fecal samples for objective measurement of cortisol and microbiome balance, respectively. Compared to placebo, subjects in the ThymoQuin supplementation group reported significantly fewer upper-respiratory tract complaints (URTCs such as cough, sore throat, sinus congestion, etc) and better overall well-being (e.g. lower stress, increased energy), as well as lower stress hormones (cortisol) and superior microbiome diversity (S. thermophilus). These results suggest that ThymoQuin black cumin seed oil extract may improve immune system vigilance and overall well-being following the stress of endurance training and competition, and that these immune-mood benefits may be mediated through the Gut-Immune-Axis.
A Nature Based Solution: Production and Characterization of Biomass Derived Catalyst from Nigerian Baobab Fruit Shell Powder (Adansonia Digitata).
Authors: JI Eze , IA Nwaeze
Published: January 2023

Work on biomass synthesized catalyst from Nigerian Baobab fruit shell powder was thermally treated at 550o C for 6 hours using a muffle furnace. The resultant calcined powder and the un-calcined were characterized using Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and further compared with the un-calcined form (baobab fruit shell powder). The FTIR revealed the presence of functional groups matched as alkenes with carbon-hydrogen and nitrogen-hydrogen bonds for baobab fruit shell powder (BFSP). With C-O, a carbon stretch at 1118 & 670 cm-1 and C-H alkyne for the biomass derived catalyst (BDC) from baobab. The morphology of the samples using SEM indicated the presence of higher porosity in the calcined sample when compared to the uncalcined. The superimposed graph of intensity vs 2 theta, of the BFSP and BDC showed no crystallinity during phase determination causing differing diffraction peak counts with no width from 200 – 450 , characteristic to biomass of plant or animal origin. Related outcome was seen for XRD results.
A New Flavone of Passiflora Edulis
Authors: CY Chen , CL Kao , HC Yeh , PL Song , HT Li
Published: January 2023

A new flavone, 5-hydroxy-7,2',3',5'-tetramethoxyflavone (1) was isolated from the leaves of Passiflora edulis. The structure of the new flavone was elucidated by chemical and physical evidence
Excess Thermodynamic Properties of Ethyl Acetate with Primary Alcohols At 303.15 K
Authors: Sharma Dhirendra Kumar , Agarwal Seema , Kumar Suneel
Published: January 2023

Densities (ρ) and sound velocity (u) for the binary mixtures of ethyl acetate with 1-methanol, 1- ethanol, 1- propanol, 1- butanol, 1-hexanol and 1-octanol were measured over the entire composition range at 303.15 K. From these data, excess molar volume (VE), isentropic compressibility (Ks ) and deviation in isentropic compressibility (ΔKs ) have been calculated with the Redlich-Kister Polynomial equation. The experimental data were discussed in terms of intermolecular interactions between component molecules.
A New Flavanone from Cinnamumom Subavenium
Authors: CT Chang , CL Kao , HC Yeh , PL Song , SL Liu , HT Li , CY Chen
Published: January 2023

One new flavanone, 6,7,4′-triydroxy-3′-methoxyflavanone (1), was isolated from barks of Cinnamomum subavenium Miq (Lauraceae). The structure of 1 was characterized and identified by spectral analysis.
A New Pyrone from Elaeagnus Glabra
Authors: TL Yang , CM Liu , WJ Li , HT Li , SL Liu , CY Chen
Published: January 2023

A new 2-pyrone, elaeagpyrone (1) was isolated from the leaves of Elaeagnus glabra (Elaeagnaceae). The structure of the new 2-pyrone was elucidated by chemical and physical evidence.
A New Homosesquiterpenoid of Cinnamomum Macrostemon
Authors: CT Chang , CM Liu , HC Yeh , WJ Li , HT Li , YS Tsai , CY Chen , SL Liu
Published: January 2023

A new homosesquiterpenoid, cinnamastemol (1) was isolated from the roots of Cinnamomum macrostemon (Lauraceae). The structure of the new homosesquiterpenoid was elucidated by chemical and physical evidence.
Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Diseases Diagnosed In Internal Medicine Department at the University Hospital Center of the Point G: An Epidemiological and Clinical Overview
Authors: Kaly Keita , Djenebou Traore , Djibril Sy , Mamadou Cissoko , Mamadou Malle , Amado Dembele Ibrahim , Hamar Traore Aminata , Sylla Djeneba , Doumbia Nanko , Abdramane Traore , Abass Sanogo , Maimouna Togo , Karim Dembele Abdoul , Mahamadou Diakite , Mamadou Wele , Kaya Soukho  Assetou , Sidibe Traore Assa , Aly Diallo Dapa , Kader Traore Abde , Alassane Traore Hamar
Published: January 2023

Background: Immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMIDs) characterized by three nosological entities, autoimmune diseases, auto inflammatory diseases and inflammatory diseases of undetermined mechanism, share in common the inflammatory process but their clinical and biological expressions are extremely diverse. A panoramic study of IMIDs could contribute to identify the epidemiological, immuno-genetical, environmental, pathophysiological and clinical disparities. We aimed in this work to describe epidemiological and clinical aspects of all IMIDs diagnosed in internal medicine department. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed data from patients hospitalized for IMIDs between 2018 and 2019.Results: 921 patients hospitalized from 2018 to 2019, 205 patients (56.10% female) presented with immune-mediated inflammatory disease, of which two cases of associations, which is 207 cases of IMIDs (22.48%). IMIDs were dominated by inflammatory diseases of undetermined mechanism (113 cases) followed by autoimmune diseases (84 cases) and auto inflammatory diseases (10 cases). Organ-specific autoimmune diseases (72 cases) dominated the autoimmune diseases: type 1 diabetes (40 cases), Graves' disease (13 cases) versus systemic autoimmune diseases (12 cases): rheumatoid arthritis (04 cases), systemic lupus erythematosus (03 cases). There were no cases of monogenic forms. “organ-specific” polygenic forms (07 cases) dominated the polygenic auto-inflammatory diseases: gout (02 cases), ulcerative colitis (02 cases) versus "systemic" polygenic forms (03 cases): Horton's disease (01 case). Inflammatory diseases of undetermined mechanism were dominated by neoplasia (109 cases): Solid tumor (77 cases) [hepatocellular carcinoma (14 cases), breast cancer (09 cases)] and hematological malignancies (31 cases) [non-Hodgkin's malignant lymphoma (14 cases), chronic myeloid leukemia (8 cases)] followed by paraneoplastic syndromes (02 cases) and inflammatory diseases of iatrogenic origin (02 cases). Conclusion: IMIDs is frequently diagnosed in internal medicine and dominated by inflammatory diseases of undetermined mechanism followed by autoimmune diseases and auto inflammatory diseases.
The Effectiveness of Using Two Sustainable Night Heating Modes on Greenhouse Cultivation
Authors: SELLAMI Douja , BOUGHANMI Hassen , BOUADILA Salwa , LAZAAR Mariem , SALEM-FNAYOU Asma BEN
Published: January 2023

The main purpose of this paper is to study the efficiency of the deployment in Tunisia of the Ground Source Heat Pump (GSHP) system and of a solar air heater with latent storage (SAHLS) for heating mode application. A pilot GSHP system using conic ground heat exchanger and a SAHLS were installed and experimented in the Research and Technology Center of Energy (CRTEn), Borj Cédria, northern Tunisia. The status of geothermal and the solar air collector energies and their utilization are pointed out, the evaluation of both systems is examined for air heating. Their effect in the growth rate and yield of tomato are also studied. The main results show that the SAHLS gives the appropriate microclimate for plants under greenhouse in comparison with GSHP: high night temperature and low relative humidity. This leads to earliness of 2 weeks and a good quality and quantity of fruits represented by high relative growth rate, high phenolic compounds and a high quantity of marketable fruits.
The British and the Turks
Authors: McCarthy Justin
Published: January 2023

By the end of the nineteenth century successive British governments had begun to sponsor the progressive loss of Ottoman territory. British public opinion and political pressure groups portrayed the Ottomans in universally defamatory terms, affecting the diplomatic actions of politicians. Politicians themselves harboured deep prejudices against the Turks and Islam. British leaders, including Salisbury, Grey. Curzon, and Lloyd George all worked against Ottoman interests. The result was British pressure to dismember the Ottoman Empire. Treaty provisions guaranteeing Ottoman territorial integrity were ignored. Christian countries and Christian minorities were supported, even when Muslims in those countries were being killed or forced from their lands. British leaders deceived parliament and the public, refusing to publish consular reports that described the oppression of Muslims which would have given the lie to press reports of evil Turks. After Ottoman loss in World War I, the British attempted to turn control of Turkey over to European Powers. This final destruction of Turkish rule failed when Mustafa Kemal and the Turkish Nationalists defeated British plans.
The Political Economy of Thomas Paine
Authors: Ward Lee
Published: January 2023

This chapter situates Paine’s economic thought initially in the context of his conflict with Edmund Burke, who famously rejected natural rights (even more vociferously than Hume and Smith). The chapter highlights the movement in Paine’s thought from his early career such as in Common Sense and Dissertations on Government in which he advocated a laissez-faire harmony of interests, toward his more mature natural rights theory in the Rights of Man I and II in which he argued for a system of public welfare, and finally in the historicized conception of natural rights in his later Agrarian Justice in which Paine advocated the creation of a National Fund supplied by an inheritance tax on land that would repair the socio-economic damage that inevitably occurs in any system of private property.
John Stuart Mill and the Stationary State
Authors: Ward Lee
Published: January 2023

This chapter explores the impact the political economy of Adam Smith, Thomas Malthus, and David Ricardo had on the development of Benthamite utilitarianism. But the bulk of the chapter focusses on integrating J.S. Mill’s political economy in his Principles of Political Economy with his more familiar political and ethical theory in On Liberty and Utilitarianism. The chapter illuminates how Mill’s ethical principles shaped his political economy with respect to trade, taxes, and debt, as well as his account of the difference between production and distribution and the resulting problems and possibilities he associates with the laissez-faire doctrine and with socialism. The chapter concludes by arguing that Mill’s account of the “stationary state” (or “zero-growth economy”) reflects his effort to reconcile the logic of interests with the normative principle of rights, even as classical liberal assumptions about political economy came under new scrutiny in the confrontation with socialism in the mid-nineteenth century.
Centralised Structures and Decentralised Politics: The Problem of Researching Authoritarian Local Governance
Authors: Awad Hani
Published: January 2023

This book aims to explore the political decentralisation strategies employed by the Egyptian regime to upgrade authoritarianism in its system of local governance without giving up power or democratising local governments. The upgrading process helped the regime to be more effective in dominating local politics and to enhance its political control. However, its strategies failed to overcome the weakness of the system mobilisation functions, which reflect what this book refers to as the dilemma of authoritarian local governance.
System Collapsed: The Advent of Revolutionary Local Politics
Authors: Awad Hani
Published: January 2023

This chapter addresses the moment when the whole system collapsed after the January 25 Revolution, which led to the emergence of a new model of revolutionary local politics, led by popular committees and backed by local communities. The new local leaders, who were mostly Islamists, had a greater capacity for political mobilization, and were therefore able to push the boundaries of local politics by assuming functions that had historically been cartelized by the government. However, the new model did not survive for long. In July 2013, a military coup took over Egypt and the authoritarian system of local governance was retained.
Background to this Study
Authors: Duncan Graham A.
Published: January 2023

This chapter seeks to locate the study in the field mission and migration. It then explains its background in the Scottish history of Christianity. Moving to the South African context the sensitive and contentious land issue is discussed as a vital component in the process of mission.
Presbyterianism in South Africa, 1897–1923: To Unite or Not to Unite?
Authors: Duncan Graham A.
Published: January 2023

The tensions between white and black Presbyterian Christians are highlighted in the attempt to reconcile the missionary and settler/colonial Presbyterian traditions in South Africa in the context of developing segregation and racism. This resulted in the maintenance of separate Presbyterian traditions.
Preparations for the Formation of the Bantu Presbyterian Church of South Africa, 1897–1919
Authors: Duncan Graham A.
Published: January 2023

Two main options were explored in the discussions leading to the formation of an autonomous denomination, the ‘Native Church’ option and the ‘United Church’ option. The latter referred to a continuation of the discussion at the centre of the move towards the formation of the Presbyterian Church of South Africa.
The Bantu Presbyterian Church in South Africa and Ecumenism, 1940–99
Authors: Duncan Graham A.
Published: January 2023

While church union negotiations proceeded with the PCSA and other South African denominations, the BPCSA was also active in the wider ecumenical perspective with the Christian Council of South Africa (later the South African Council of Churches), the Church Unity Commission, the Alliance of Black Reformed Churches in South Africa, the All Africa Council of Churches, the World Alliance of Reformed churches and the World Council of Churches.
A Young Church in Mission or Maintenance Mode? The Bantu Presbyterian Church of South Africa, 1923–99
Authors: Duncan Graham A.
Published: January 2023

While the BPCSA continued to grow and develop, it gave attention to the role of mission by reassessing the place of missionaries, evangelists and church associations in mission. Printing and publishing was another arm of mission through the work of Lovedale Press, its involvement in Bible translation and theological education
Introduction
Authors: Fuery Kelli
Published: January 2023

The introduction outlines the rationale behind the book and its application of Simone de Beauvoir’s philosophy of ambiguity to film experience. By situating Beauvoir’s ideas as an overlooked area within film-philosophy, this chapter argues that a closer examination of her phenomenological thinking showcases the interdisciplinary reach of her work for scholars of film studies and feminist philosophy.
Beauvoir’s Ambiguity, Cinema and Feminist Phenomenology
Authors: Fuery Kelli
Published: January 2023

This chapter outlines the connections between Simone de Beauvoir’s notion of ambiguity and film studies, and the relevance her conception of ambiguity holds for the book’s discussion of ‘ambiguous cinema.’ Beauvoir is specifically framed as a key figure for feminist film-phenomenology in order to contextualise the link between feminist phenomenology and film theory more broadly. The chapter also discusses the way in which Beauvoir’s notion of ambiguity will be linked to emotional experience. Joanna Hogg’s The Souvenir is used as a case study film analysis to demonstrate how Beauvoir’s philosophical concepts will be integrated throughout the book.
Vital Stein
Authors: Posman Sarah
Published: January 2023

Modernism is typically associated with energy and vitality, but what is the meaning of modernist ‘life’? That question is at the heart of Vital Stein. In early-twentieth-century philosophy, life was a key concept, replacing ideas that had determined older debates, such as God, Spirit, Nature, Reason. This book focuses on Gertrude Stein, who wanted to capture ‘this thing life’ in writing, and argues that Stein’s fascination with life connects her writing to a number of late-nineteenth- and twentieth-century thinkers, working in different contexts, who, like Stein, conceived of life as an open, differential system. These thinkers include Wilhelm Dilthey, Henri Bergson, Walter Benjamin and A.N. Whitehead. Vital Stein operates on three levels. It reports, first, on a vitalist system that grounds Stein’s thinking and writing about the concept of life, by way of a discussion of three alternate notions key to Stein’s work: history, cinema and landscape. Second, it offers an alternative vitalist framework for our understanding of modernism and the avant-garde by roping in thinkers not commonly associated with vitalism. Third, it traces a genealogy of the contemporary fascination with vitalism, from Gilles Deleuze to Isabelle Stengers and Bruno Latour.
Tradition
Authors: Posman Sarah
Published: January 2023

This chapter argues that Stein’s interest in the cinema is not so much informed by the modern ideas of shock and rupture, but by the vitalist discourse surrounding early cinema. When cinema was new, audiences were struck by the apparent capacity of its moving images to sidestep death. The chapter reads Stein’s comments on the cinema as well as her reflections on storytelling, memory and portraiture in dialogue with Walter Benjamin, Henri Bergson and Siegfried Kracauer, for whom cinema held the possibility to make visible an obscured experience or hidden tradition. For Stein, looking back on her early work in the 1930s, the cinema replaces history as the paradigm via which to capture ‘this thing life.’ The chapter concludes with a reading of Stein’s text “Many Many Women.”
Now That Is All
Authors: Posman Sarah
Published: January 2023

This short concluding chapter returns to Stein’s fascination with ‘this thing life’ and explains how the phrase relates to her interest in hermeneutics and history, in the cinema, and in the idea of a landscape. Those concepts are central to Vital Stein; they are the paradigms through which Stein explores the question of how to write about life in the early twentieth century. The chapter argues that Stein’s interest in that question changed in the late 1920s and early 1930s, when both the idea and the presence of an audience became more important to her than the problem of a singular life.
Heiress to the Prophet: Fatima’s Khuṭba as an Early Case of Female Religious Authority in Islam
Authors: Gabbay Alyssa
Published: January 2023

The chapter discusses Fatima’s khuṭba or oration, a manifesto of protest
against the historical injustice inflicted on her and her descendants by
the Caliph Abu Bakr (632–634) when he decided not to grant her the right to inherit the oasis of Fadak from her father’s – the Prophet Muhammad’s – property. The text is likely apocryphal but nevertheless old, being attributed to the eighth-century historian Abu Mikhnaf (d. 773–774) and also preserved in the ninth-century anthology Balāghāt al-nisāʾ by Ibn Abi Tahir Tayfur (d. 893). The text portrays Fatima not only as a staunch defender of the rights of the ahl al-bayt but also as an astute interpreter of Islamic scripture and law. It is indeed on the basis of this text that Fatima has been held up as a model of female religious authority in subsequent Shiʿi tradition.
Husniyya’s Debate at the Court of Harun al-Rashid: Sectarian Polemics and Female Religious Authority
Authors: Stewart Devin J.
Published: January 2023

The chapter reviews the fictional account of Ḥusniyya, a slave girl who supposedly bested the leading Sunni scholars of her day, in the late eighth century. When her master died, so the story goes, Ḥusniyya suggested to his son that he sell her to the Caliph, Hārūn al-Rashīd (r. 786-809) for an exorbitant sum. In order to prove her worth, she promised to debate the leading scholars of Baghdad. Once the debate was held, Ḥusniyya won a resounding victory, vindicating Shiite doctrinal positions in law and theology against Sunni opponents. The chapter examines in particular the role of this invented character in the later Twelver biographical tradition, which transformed her into a real person, beginning with the biographical dictionary Riyāḍ al-ʿulamāʾ wa-ḥiyāḍ al-fuḍalāʾ, compiled ca. 1694-95 by Mīrzā ʿAbd Allāh al-Iṣfahānī (d. after 1717). The inclusion of Ḥusniyya in the biographical tradition renders her similar to other women scholars whose accomplishments are mentioned in such texts, equating her authority, however extraordinary or unusual, with theirs, and thus potentially serving as a model for other women scholars.
Women’s Religious Seminaries in Iran: A Diversified System Despite State Attempts at Unification and Standardisation
Authors: Rutner Maryam
Published: January 2023

The chapter discusses two women’s seminaries in contemporary
Iran, the Rayhaneh al-Nabi Seminary in Shiraz and the al-Zahra Seminary in Estehbanat. Examining administration, curriculum, and organization, the author provides valuable documentation regarding the content and design of education at these institutions, each with distinct goals in terms of thematic focus, societal function, and politics. The top level of education offered at these seminaries involves advanced training in Islamic law, paralleling the studies undertaken by male students who intend to become mujtahids, or fully qualified jurists. The chapter also discusses the expansion and reform of women’s education in the Shiʿi seminaries since the 1990s. Despite state attempts to standardise curricula and control the substantive content of women’s religious training, the chapter suggests that these have been successful only to a limited degree.
Rewriting the Course in General Linguistics : From Sign to Spacing
Authors: Goldgaber Deborah
Published: January 2023

In the fourth chapter, I track the generalisation of writing, from its narrow conception as graphic, phonetic writing to arche- writing in Derrida’s reading of Saussure in Of Grammatology (OG). My aim is to specify what form or schema general writing entails and why we should think that this sort of structure is absolutely general. In OG, Derrida describes the structure of the gramme in at least three ways: 1) as the object of a general science of writing; 2) as an essentially mnemonic or retentive form (‘arche- phenomenon of memory’); and 3) as ‘spacing’ (‘the becoming space of time and the becoming time of space’). Each of these descriptions is important for the generality claim, particularly spacing, since the latter decisively establishes the logical priority of the trace to the category of experience. However, we lack any account that can make sense of the connection between general writing, the trace structure and spacing. This chapter demonstrates that spacing allows Derrida to ‘deconstruct’ correlationism from within by specifying the ultra- transcendental status of the trace. ‘The space- time of the trace’ is no more ideal than real; it conditions phenomena on both sides and makes their entanglement thinkable.
A World Of Conflicts: Youth And Violence Towards Parents In The Family In Rural Wallachia, 1716–1859
Authors: Roman Nicoleta
Published: January 2023

It has rightly been said that the family is a place of paradox, a space of protection and affection, but also of conflict and brutality, and knowledge of the relations between the members of a family can only be achieved by entering into its intimacy. This chapter analyses the dynamics of violence between parents and their young offspring in premodern rural Wallachia, a Romanian principality and an Ottoman province with autonomous status. Through the use of mainly archival sources, the interpersonal violence between these family members is discussed through social and economic constraints. It also provides a legal connection with the Ottoman centre in defining youth and juvenile delinquency.
Rural Girls As Domestic Servants In Late Ottoman Istanbul 1
Authors: Araz Yahya
Published: January 2023

This chapter tries to touch upon the lives of the girls who work in domestic services in late Ottoman Istanbul. In this period domestic services were a basic employment area for the girls who mostly came from poor or/and orphan families. Istanbulites steadily increasing demand for these girls was closely related to the labour shortage in domestic services, enlargement of middle classes, and continuous growth of the urban population. The major part of the girls was coming from North and Northwest Anatolia, areas which had close ties with Istanbul. Relatives settled in Istanbul, intermediaries who were named emanetçi and state officials who became more visible in Anatolia in the second half of the nineteenth century were effective in transporting the girls from rural areas to Istanbul.
Childhood And Education In Ottoman Bosnia During The Early Modern Period (Mid-Fifteenth To Late Eighteenth Century)
Authors: Korić Elma
Published: January 2023

This chapter discusses the organization of the education process in early modern Bosnia as a part Ottoman state. In order to paint a picture of the educational life of children in Ottoman province of Bosnia based on the data in Ottoman documents, it focuses on the attitude towards the childhood of Muslim children and youth through their education in primary schools and institutions of higher education (maktabs and madrasas). These educational institutions were established mainly as parts of endowment facilities (waqf) in urban settlements. The chapter focuses mainly on Ottoman endowment deeds (waqfiyyas) for the foundations established by local administrators, their wives and sisters, and other wealthy local people, as a source for finding primary motive for a benefactor to support education by founding educational institutions and funding teaching. It also searches for the data of formal and informal education of girls and women.
The Linguistic Heritage of East Midlands Mining Communities
Authors: Braber Natalie
Published: January 2023

This introductory chapter discusses the background to this research and considers its main research questions and aims and outlines the structure of the book. This includes examining language in the East Midlands, dialect attrition, lexical variation and industrial languages and heritage. Pit talk has contributed to the identity of many mining communities but this variety has not been examined in any depth in the East Midlands. The chapter outlines that this book will scrutinise East Midlands pit talk to identify, classify and record the words used by these former miners.
The History and Geography of the East Midlands Coalfield
Authors: Braber Natalie
Published: January 2023

Coal has been mined in Britain for many centuries. This chapter includes a brief discussion of the coal mining industry in the UK, followed by an examination of the different coalfields in Derbyshire, Leicestershire and Nottinghamshire. It includes information about the geography and history of individual collieries and considers migration of miners. Furthermore, this chapter aims to show how the mines were a crucial component of the region’s community and identity, including an examination of mining culture. Finally, this chapter includes an overview of studies which have been carried out on mining language around the East Midlands, the UK and world-wide to investigate which sources we already have.
Conclusion: Preserving Pit Talk
Authors: Braber Natalie
Published: January 2023

This concluding chapter brings together some of the main themes of the data and examines which conclusions can be drawn about the language used by East Midlands coal miners. This research has shown clear examples of a distinct coal mining lexicon in the region. There are words and phrases which are distinctive to this particular field of work. Some of these are used in very specific geographic areas (in just one colliery, or one small region), whereas others are used more widely and also nationally. Due to the nature of the work, specialised vocabulary was needed to describe the processes of work, the tools and equipment and the structures above and below ground. The research shows that some words were used by large groups of miners and some of these had also spread outside the mine (for example, the use of the word snap to describe food/meals). Knowledge of these terms was determined by different factors: how long they had worked in the mines, what kinds of jobs they had done and how much contact they still had with other miners.
Floating Charges and Moral Hazard: Finding Fairness for Involuntary and Vulnerable Stakeholders
Authors: Gant Jennifer L L
Published: January 2023

This chapter deploys a socio-legal approach to floating charges. It examines moral hazard and considers how floating charges affect vulnerable and involuntary stakeholders, especially employees. Dr Gant assesses whether there are adequate protections for such parties to avoid the potential for abuse by floating charge holders, especially in the context of insolvency.