bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Uji Klinik Keamanan Ramuan Jamu Penurun Kolesterol
Authors: Zulkarnain Zuraida , Triyono Agus , Ardiyanto Danang , Saryanto Saryanto
Published: February 2021

Research on the safety of Jamu (herbal medicine) formula is important to guarantee its use in community. The Jamu Saintification development program has been resulted a cholesterol-lowering herb containing of 7 plants. This study aimed to determine the safety of the cholesterol-lowering herb. This study is a phase one of clinical trial with a pre-post group design, a single arm, involving 50 subjects with mild hypercholesterolemia without any complications and comorbidities. The intervention was conducted for 28 days at the Hortus Medicus Herbal Medicine Research House (RRJ) in 2014. Outcome parameters included clinical signs and symptoms, liver function laboratory tests (SGOT, SGPT), renal function (ureum, creatinine) and routine blood counts (hemoglobin, leukocyte, platelets, hematocrit). Subjects were requested to boil the herb everyday and drank it twice a day. The data were analyzed descriptively and statistically using SPSS. The results showed increasing in bowel frequencies of 92% subjects and abdominal pain in bowel movements of 34% subjects. These effects were still in a normal range and can be tolerated by the subjects. The paired t test analysis showed no differences in average laboratory parameters on day (D)-14 and D-28 compared to the baseline (p > 0.05). The cholesterol-lowering herbal medicine does not change the function of the liver, kidneys and blood, with mild side effects of increasing the frequencies of bowel movements and stomachaches.
Penghambatan Enzim Alpha-Glukosidase oleh Daun Mimba (Azadirachta indica) dan Rimpang Temu Mangga (Curcuma mangga)
Authors: Kusumawati Nursalinda , Haryoto Haryoto , Indrayudha Peni
Published: February 2021

Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease of the digestive system characterized by high blood glucose levels. The main enzyme in carbohydrate metabolism is α-glucosidase. One of the therapeutic approaches to treat T2DM is to make glucose uptake into the blood delayed through inhibition of the α-glucosidase enzyme activity. Neem leaves and mango ginger are reported to reduce blood glucose levels. This study aims to determine the potential inhibitor of neem leaves extract and mango ginger extract and their respective fractions on α-glucosidase activity. Simplicia of neem leaves and mango ginger were macerated using 96% ethanol for 24 hours. The ethanol extract of neem leaves and mango rhizome were fractionated using silica gel 60 GF254 as adsorbent and a combination of ethyl acetate and n-hexane as eluent. The extracts of neem leaves and mango rhizome and fractions of both plants were tested for α-glucosidase inhibition with acarbose as a comparison. The results showed that both plants provided inhibitory activity on α-glucosidase with the lowest IC50 value from the semi-polar fraction of neem leaves about 24.16±4.58 μg/mL. Neem leaves and mango ginger have potential as α-glucosidase inhibitors to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Resilience Aspects of Woody Plant Species at the Passage of Fire: Case of Quercus Coccifera in Tlemcen Mountains (Algeria).
Authors:   Laboratory conservation, management of water, soil and forests. Forestry Department - Tlemcen University, Algeria., Rafa Asma , Berrichi Mohamed ,   Laboratory conservation, management of water, soil and forests. Forestry Department - Tlemcen University, Algeria., Haddad Ahmed ,   Laboratory conservation, management of water, soil and forests-Department of Biology – University of Mostaganem, Algeria.
Published: February 2021

In this study, on the aspects of the resilience of woody species to the passage of fire, we wanted to test the alveolar specificity represented by the size of the pores of the secondary xylem of the root system in Quercus coccifera L., Pore size assessment is based on measuring 100 pores in cross sections, from the roots of 10 shrubs. The aim of this study is to explain how the roots can maintain their vitality after passing a fire and thus guarantee regeneration. In addition to the vigor of the root system of this species, the release of pyrolysis gases and the propagation of heat by conduction are provided by the porosity of the material. The results show that the pores are qualified as “fine” in the initial wood with an average diameter of 83.35 µm. In final wood, they are "very thin" with 42.30 µm in diameter. The absence of oxygen and the less porous structure delay the combustion cycle of the root system, the roots distant from the surface are thus protected from proliferation by heat conduction and thus guarantee regeneration.
Editorial: From agency problem to the recent challenging issues in the corporate governance research
Authors: Cucinelli Doriana
Published: February 2021

We are pleased to present the second issue of 2021. This volume of the journal Corporate Ownership & Control is focused on corporate governance, corporate social responsibility, earning and performance management, risk management, debt financing and others.
Reporting Device Performance of Emerging Photovoltaic Materials (Version 1)
Authors: Almora Osbel , Baran Derya , Bazan Guillermo C , Cabrera Carlos I , Catchpole Kylie R , Erten-Ela Sule , Guo Fei , Hauch Jens , Ho-Baillie Anita W Y , Jacobsson T Jesper , Janssen Rene A J , Kirchartz Thomas , Kopidakis Nikos , Li Yongfang , Loi Maria A , Lunt Richard R , Mathew Xavier , Mcgehee Michael D , Min Jie , Mitzi David B , Nazeeruddin Mohammad K , Nelson Jenny , Nogueira Ana F , Paetzold Ulrich W , Park Nam-Gyu , Rand Barry P , Rau Uwe , Snaith Henry J , Unger Eva , Vaillant-Roca Lídice , Yip Hin-Lap , Brabec Christoph J
Published: February 2021

Emerging photovoltaics (PVs), focuses on a variety of applications
complementing large scale electricity generation. For instance, organic,
dye-sensitized and some perovskite solar cells are considered in
building integration, greenhouses, wearable and indoors, thereby
motivating research on flexible, transparent, semitransparent, and
multi-junction PVs. Nevertheless, it can be very time consuming to find
or develop an up-to-date overview over the state-of-the-art performance
for these systems and applications. Two important resources for record
research cells efficiencies are the National Renewable Energy Laboratory
chart and the efficiency tables compiled biannually by Martin Green and
colleagues. Both publications provide an effective coverage over the
established technologies, bridging research and industry. An alternative
approach is proposed here summarizing the best reports in the diverse
research subjects for emerging PVs. Best performance parameters are
provided as a function of the photovoltaic bandgap energy for each
technology and application, and are put into perspective using, e.g.,
the Shockley-Queisser limit. In all cases, the reported data correspond
to published and/or properly described certified results, with enough
details provided for prospective data reproduction. Additionally, the
stability test energy yield (STEY) is included as an analysis parameter
among state-of-the-art emerging PVs.
Haematological profile of hospitalised COVID-19 patients from a centre in Singapore
Authors: Long Valencia , Ngiam Jinghao Nicholas , Chew Nicholas WS , Tham Sai Meng , Lim Zhen Yu , Li Tony , Cen Shuyun , Annadurai Jayagowtham K , Thant Sandi Myo , Tambyah Paul Anantharajah , Santosa Amelia , Teo Winnie Ziyun , Yap Eng Soo , Cross Gail Brenda , Sia Ching Hui
Published: February 2021

Background: Haematological markers such as absolute lymphopenia has been
associated with severe COVID-19 infection. However, the described
cohorts were generally unwell with a large proportion of patients
requiring intensive care stay. It is uncertain if these markers apply to
a population with less severe illness. We sought to describe the
haematological profile of patients with mild disease with COVID-19 that
were admitted to a single centre in Singapore. Methods: We examined 554
consecutive PCR positive SARS-COV-2 patients who were admitted to a
single tertiary healthcare institution from Feb 2020 to April 2020 2020.
We examined patients based on their haematological profile based on full
blood count obtained within 24h of presentation. Results: Patients with
pneumonia had higher neutrophil percentages (66.5±11.6 vs 55.2±12.6%,
p<0.001), lower absolute lymphocyte count (1.5±1.1 vs 1.9±2.1
x109/L, p<0.011) and absolute eosinophil count (0.2±0.9 vs
0.7±1.8 x109/L, p=0.002). Platelet counts (210±56 vs 230±61, p=0.020)
were slightly lower in the group with pneumonia. We did not demonstrate
significant differences in the neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio,
lymphocyte-monocyte ratio and platelet-lymphocyte ratio in patients with
or without pneumonia. Sixty-eight patients (12.3%) had peripheral
eosinophilia. This was more common in migrant workers living in
dormitories. Conclusion: Neutrophilia and lymphopenia were found to be
markers associated with severe COVID-19 illness. We did not find that
combined haematological parameters: NLR, MLR and PLR, had any
association with disease severity in our cohort of patients with
mild-moderate disease. Migrant workers living in dormitories had
eosinophilia which may reflect concurrent chronic parasitic infection.
A Population Physiologically‐Based Pharmacokinetic Model to Characterize Antibody Disposition in Pediatrics and Evaluation of the Model using Infliximab
Authors: Chang Hsuan Ping , Shakhnovich Valentina , Frymoyer Adam , Funk Ryan , Becker Mara , Park K.T. , Shah Dhaval
Published: February 2021

Aims: In order to better predict the pharmacokinetics (PK) of antibodies
in children, and to facilitate dose optimization of antibodies in
pediatric patients, there is a need to develop systems PK models that
integrate ontogeny related changes in human physiological parameters.
Methods: A population-based physiological-based PK (PBPK) model to
characterize antibody PK in pediatrics has been developed, by
incorporating age-related changes in body weight, organ weight, organ
blood flow rate, and interstitial volumes in a previously published
platform model. The model was further used to perform Monte Carlo
simulations to investigate clearance vs. age and dose-exposure
relationship for infliximab. Results: By estimating only one parameter
and associated interindividual variability, the model was able to
characterize clinical PK of infliximab from two pediatric cohorts
(n=141, 4-19 years) reasonably well. Model simulations demonstrated that
only 50% of children reached desired trough concentrations when
receiving FDA-labelled dosing regimen for infliximab, suggesting that
higher doses and/or more frequent dosing are needed to achieve target
trough concentrations of this antibody. Conclusion: The pediatric PBPK
model presented here can serve as a framework to characterize the PK of
antibodies in pediatric patients. The model can also be applied to other
protein therapeutics to advance precision medicine paradigm and optimize
antibody dosing regimens in children.
Global well-posedness and optimal time decay rates of solutions to the three-dimensional magneto-micropolar fluid equations
Authors: Niu Dongjuan , Shang Haifeng
Published: February 2021

This paper deals with the global existence and decay estimates of
solutions to the three-dimensional magneto-micropolar fluid equations
with only velocity dissipation and magnetic diffusion in the whole space
with various Sobolev and Besov spaces. Specifically, we first
investigate the global existence and optimal decay estimates of weak
solutions. Then we prove the global existence of solutions with small
initial data in $H^s$, $B_{2, \infty}^s$ and
critical Besov spaces, respectively. Furthermore, the optimal decay
rates of these global solutions are correspondingly established in
$\dot{H}^m$ and $\dot{B}_{2,
\infty}^m$ spaces with $0\leq
m\leq s$ and in $\dot{B}_{2,
1}^{m}$ with $0\leq m\leq
\frac 12$, when the initial data belongs to
$\dot{B}_{2, \infty}^{-l}$
($0< l\leq\frac32$). The main
difficulties lie in the presence of linear terms and the lack of
micro-rotation velocity dissipation. To overcome them, we make full use
of the special structure of the system and employ various techniques
involved with the energy methods, the improved Fourier splitting,
Fourier analysis and the regularity interpolation methods.
Complete Mitochondrial Genomes of Three Skippers in the Tribe Aeromachini (Lepidoptera: Hesperiidae: Hesperiinae) and Their Phylogenetic Implications
Authors: Hao Xiangyu , Liu Jiaqi , Chiba Hideyuki , Xiao Jintian , Yuan Xiangqun
Published: February 2021

The mitochondrial genome is now widely used in the study of the
phylogenetics and molecular evolution due to its maternal inheritance,
fast evolutionary rate and highly conserved gene content. To explore the
phylogenetic relationships of the tribe Aeromachini within the subfamily
Hesperiinae at the mitochondrial genomics level, we sequenced and
annotated the complete mitogenomes of 3 skippers: Amipittia
virgata, Halpe nephele and Onryza maga. All of these
mitogenomes are double-stranded and have circular molecules with a total
length of 15,333 bp, 15,291 bp and 15,381 bp, respectively. The
mitogenomes all contain 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 22 transfer RNAs
(tRNAs), 2 ribosomal RNAs (rRNAs) and a non-coding AT-rich region, and
are consistent with other lepidopterans in gene order and type. In
addition, we reconstruted the phylogenetic trees of Hesperiinae using
maximum likelihood (ML) and Bayesian inference (BI) methods based on
mitogenomic data. Results show that the 3 Aeromachini species in this
study robustly constitute a monophyletic group in the subfamily
Hesperiinae, with the relationships Coeliadinae + (Euschemoninae +
((Pyrginae + (Eudaminae + Tagiadinae)) + (Heteropterinae + (Barcinae +
Hesperiinae)))). Moreover, our study supports the view that
Apostictopterus fuliginosus and Barca bicolor should be
placed out of the subfamily Hesperiinae.
Clinical utility of dermoscopy on diagnosing pigmented papillary fungiform papillae of the tongue: A systematic review
Authors: Surboyo Meircurius , Santosh Arvind Babu Rajendra , Hariyani Ninuk , Ernawati Diah , Cecilia Pamela
Published: February 2021

Importance: The practice of dermoscopy in dental and oral examination is
low due to less popularity and not well established of the diagnostic
tool in dental practice. The dermoscopy examination provides a specific
dermoscopes details for pigmented papillary fungiform of tongue (PFTT)
as cobblestone appearance and rose-petal appearance. With this
dermoscopes details serves as a non-invasive diagnostic tool and
prevents biopsy procedure. Objective: We performed a systematic review
to evaluate the published papers related to pigmented papillary
fungiform on the tongue, aiming to understand the diagnostic role of
dermoscopy examination in pigmented papillary fungiform. Evidence
review: A PubMed, Google scholar and Embase databases were searched for
the PFTT studies and case reports published during the period 1974-2020.
Initial result was 136 studies. Final exclusion of 27 articles was made
based on the following factors: reports with no clinical images, studies
that did not confirm the diagnosis of PPFT and studies that did not use
the dermoscopes details. Finally, seventeen studies with nineteen cases,
reported of pigmented papillary fungiform of the tongue. Finding: The
diagnosis of tongue papillary fungiform can be determined by dermoscopy
examination. Six studies (consist six cases) reported the dermoscopy and
histopathology diagnosis of pigmented papillary fungiform, eleven
studies (consist thirteen cases) reported only the dermoscopy. The
dermoscopy examination presented cobblestone appearance is 47.37% and
rose petal appearance is 52.63%. The comparation study by
histopathology diagnosis was done, revealed no specific appearances.
Conclusions and relevance: The clinical appearance and dermoscopy is the
key for diagnosis of the papillary fungiform on the tongue. Further
research is needed for determining the etiology and predisposing factor
in papillary fungiform so that the possibility of developing this
condition can be predicted and proper treatment could be performed.
Changes in the gingival thickness and keratinized gingival width of maxillary and mandibular anterior teeth after orthodontic treatment
Authors: Alkan Özer , Kaya Yeşim , Tunca Murat , Keskin Sıddık
Published: February 2021

Objectives

To evaluate changes in the gingival thickness (GT) and keratinized gingival width (KGW) of the maxillary and mandibular central and lateral incisors and canines after fixed orthodontic treatment and their association with sagittal tooth movement (STM).

Materials and Methods

In this study of both arches, 60 periodontally healthy subjects who had completed fixed orthodontic treatment were included. Using pretreatment and posttreatment lateral cephalograms, STM of the maxillary (1-NA angle and distance, and 1-SN angle) and mandibular (1-NB angle and distance, and IMPA angle) incisors were evaluated to divide the subjects into protrusion and retrusion groups. Pretreatment and posttreatment GT was identified via transgingival probing, and KGW was calculated from the free gingival margin to the mucogingival junction.

Results

The intragroup pretreatment and posttreatment comparison results showed a significant decrease in the GT of the maxillary and mandibular anterior teeth in the protrusion and retrusion groups and a decrease in the KGW of the maxillary lateral incisors in the protrusion group. Pearson correlation coefficient analyses for maxillary and mandibular anterior teeth revealed that the GT changes were not significantly associated with STM. However, a positive correlation existed between the KGW of tooth numbers 13 and 41 and STM.

Conclusions

STM was not significantly associated with decreased GT of the maxillary and mandibular anterior teeth, but it was positively correlated with the KGW of tooth numbers 13 and 41.
Dedicator of Cytokinesis 5 Regulates Keratinocyte Function and Promotes Diabetic Wound Healing
Authors: Qu Hua , Miao Tian , Wang Yuren , Tan Liang , Huang Bangliang , Zhang Linlin , Liu Xiufei , Long Min , Zhang Rui , Liao Xiaoyu , Gong Xiaoli , Wang Ju , Xiong Xin , Liu Junli , Li Xi , Yu Jiang , Yang Gangyi , Zhu Zhiming , Zheng Hongting , Zheng Yi
Published: February 2021

Cutaneous wound healing is a
fundamental biological and coordinated process, and failure to maintain this process
contributes to the dysfunction of tissue homeostasis, increasing the global
burden of diabetic foot ulcerations. However, the factors that mediate this
process are not fully understood. Here, we identify dedicator of cytokinesis 5
(Dock5) a pivotal role in keratinocyte functions contributing to the process of
skin wound healing. Specifically, Dock5 is highly upregulated during the
proliferative phase of wound repair and is predominantly expressed in epidermal
keratinocytes. It regulates keratinocyte adhesion, migration and proliferation,
and influences the functions of extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition by
facilitating the ubiquitination of transcription factor ZEB1 to activate
laminin-332/integrin signaling. Genetic ablation of Dock5 in mice leads to
attenuated re-epithelialization and granulation tissue formation, while Dock5
overexpression-improved skin repair can be abrogated by LAMA3 knockdown.
Importantly, Dock5 expression in the skin edge is reduced in patients and
animal models of diabetes, further suggesting a direct correlation between its
abundance and healing capability. The rescue of Dock5 expression in diabetic
mice causes a significant improvement in re-epithelialization, collagen
deposition, ECM production and granulation. Our study provides a potential
therapeutic target for wound healing impairment during diabetes.
Beneficial Metabolic Effects of TREM2 in Obesity are Uncoupled from its Expression on Macrophages
Authors: Sharif Omar , Brunner Julia Stefanie , Korosec Ana , Martins Rui , Jais Alexander , Snijder Berend , Vogel Andrea , Caldera Michael , Hladik Anastasiya , Lakovits Karin , Saluzzo Simona , Boehm Benedikta , Gorki Anna-Dorothea , Mesteri Ildiko , Lindroos-Christensen Josefine , Tillmann Katharina , Stoiber Dagmar , Menche Jörg , Schabbauer Gernot , Bilban Martin , Superti-Furga Giulio , Esterbauer Harald , Knapp Sylvia
Published: February 2021

Obesity-induced white adipose tissue (WAT) hypertrophy
is associated with elevated adipose tissue macrophage (ATM) content. Overexpression
of the triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (TREM2) reportedly
increases adiposity, worsening health. Paradoxically, using insulin resistance,
elevated fat mass and hypercholesterolemia as hallmarks of unhealthy obesity, a
recent report demonstrated ATM-expressed TREM2 promoted health. Here, we
identified that in mice TREM2 deficiency aggravated diet-induced insulin
resistance and hepatic steatosis independently of fat and cholesterol levels.
Metabolomics linked TREM2 deficiency with elevated obesity-instigated serum
ceramides that correlated with impaired insulin sensitivity. Remarkably, while
inhibiting ceramide synthesis exerted no influences on TREM2-dependent ATM
remodeling, inflammation or lipid load, it restored insulin tolerance,
reversing adipose hypertrophy and secondary hepatic steatosis of
TREM2-deficient animals. Bone marrow transplantation experiments revealed
unremarkable influences of immune cell-expressed TREM2 on health instead
demonstrating that WAT-intrinsic mechanisms impinging on sphingolipid
metabolism dominate in TREM2’s systemic protective effects on metabolic health.
Analysis of Customer’s Decision to Choose Sharia Banking in Surakarta
Authors: Sudarwati Sudarwati , Yani Burhanuddin Ahmad
Published: February 2021

This study aims at determining the influence of the profit-sharing system, security of funds, facilities and services toward Customer's decision to choose sharia banking in Surakarta. The research employs a method survey; it analyzes the Customer's decision to choose sharia banking. The researcher collects the data from the respondents through a questionnaire. The sample is taken by purposive random sampling. 100 customers come from 10 sharia banking in Surakarta. To test the hypothesis, the researcher uses multiple regression analysis, t-test, F test, and determinant coefficient by using SPSS. The finding of the research is that there is significant influence among variable profit-sharing system (X1), the security of funds (X2), facilities (X3), and service (X4) toward Customer's decision to choose sharia banking (Y). However, there is one significant influence. It is a profit-sharing system toward Customer's decision to choose sharia banking. The four variables; profit-sharing system, the security of funds, facilities, and services toward Customer's decision to choose sharia banking is 46.50%. At the same time, the rest is about 53.50 %, derived from another variable which is out of research.
Impacto dos Investimentos em Tecnologia sobre a Rentabilidade do Setor Bancário Brasileiro
Authors: Barreto Lucas Silva , Pereira Vinicius Silva , Penedo Antonio Sergio Torres
Published: February 2021

Objetivo: Analisar a relação entre os investimentos em tecnologia e a rentabilidade dos cinco maiores bancos brasileiros entre 2009 e 2018.Método: Por meio de análise de correlação e regressão de dados em painel, foi avaliado, especificamente, o impacto do investimento em tecnologia sobre o Retorno dos Ativos (ROA).Originalidade/Relevância: Apesar do crescimento do investimento em tecnologia bancária, o nível de evidenciação dos mesmos por parte das companhias de capital aberto no Brasil ainda se mostra limitado, havendo poucos detalhes divulgados em relatórios corporativos acerca dos valores investidos, dos tipos de investimento realizados, do retorno esperado e dos retornos já obtidos com investimentos anteriores. Essa evidenciação é influenciada por fatores como tamanho e rentabilidade das empresas.Resultados: No presente estudo, foi identificado uma relação positiva entre investimento em T.I e Retorno sobre os Ativos (ROA) dos bancos analisados e, portanto, a presença de um paradoxo da rentabilidade não foi constatada.Contribuições teóricas/metodológicas: Foram constatados uma relação positiva entre investimento em TI e desempenho. Foi observada correlação positiva significante a 5% entre os investimentos em TI e desempenho financeiro, dado pela relação entre o lucro antes da depreciação e total de vendas. A análise de regressão constatou que um incremento nos investimentos em TI elevou o desempenho financeiro da empresa (Beta = 0,204 e p<0,1). A elevação da participação dos investimentos em TI sobre os gastos operacionais elevou em 0,039 pontos percentuais o Retorno sobre os Ativos.Contribuições sociais / para a gestão: Auferir conhecimento na gestão das organizações bancárias afim de orientar na tomada de decisão sobre os investimentos tecnológicos que devem ser realizados.
Sistem Monitoring Kualitas Air Pada Budidaya Perikanan Berbasis IoT dan Manajemen Data
Authors: Yunior Yudhis Thiro Kabul , Kusrini Kusrini
Published: February 2021

Salah satu permasalahan utama di sektor perikanan budidaya adalah sistem kontrol kualitas air yang buruk sehingga menyebabkan hama dan penyakit pada air kolam budidaya dan berdampak pada ikan yang stress dan mati. Tujuan dari pengecekan kualitas air adalah untuk mengkontrol penyakit dan bakteri pada air kolam budidaya sehingga dapat dilakukan tindakan dengan segera jika kualitas air dalam keadaan buruk. Berdasarkan permasalahan tersebut diperlukan terobosan teknologi untuk mempermudah petani ikan dalam mengkontrol kualitas air kolam budidaya. Sistem monitoring kualitas air berbasis Internet of Things (IoT) dan manajemen data sistem merupakan solusi yang tepat untuk permasalahan kontrol kalitas air pada kolam budidaya. Prinsip kerja sistem tersebut adalah dengan cara mentransfer data dari beberapa sensor kualitas air (Ph, Disolve Oxygen, Suhu, Turbidity) melalui embedded sistem pada sistem cloud computing yang kemudian data tersebut di transfer ke web server dan smartphone android sehingga petani ikan dapat memonitoring kualitas air kolam menggunakan smartphone secara realtime dan terintegrasi dengan sistem notifikasi. Jika salah satu parameter air dalam keadaaan buruk dapat dilakukan treatment air secara cepat. Dampak dari terkontrolnya kualitas air tersebut adalah meningkatkan Survival rate (SR) ikan hingga 30% sehingga dapat meningkatkan sosial ekonomi petani ikan. Kata Kunci— Internet of Things, Embeded sistem, Kualitas airAbstractOne of the main problems in the aquaculture sector is a poor water quality control system that causes pests and diseases in aquaculture pond water and impacts on stressed and dead fish. The purpose of checking water quality is to control disease and bacteria in aquaculture pond water so action can be taken immediately if the water quality is in a bad state. Based on these problems a technological breakthrough is needed to facilitate fish farmers in controlling the quality of aquaculture pond water. Internet quality monitoring system based on Internet of Things (IoT) and system data management is the right solution for the problem of water quality control in aquaculture ponds. The working principle of the system is by transferring data from several water quality sensors (Ph, Dissolve Oxygen, Temperature, Turbidity) through an embedded system on a cloud computing system which is then transferred to the web server and an android smartphone so that fish farmers can monitor water quality the pool uses a smartphone in real-time and is integrated with the notification system when one of the water parameters is in a bad state so that water treatment can be done. The impact of controlled water quality is that it can increase fish survival rate (SR) by up to 30% so that it improves the socioeconomic of fish farmers. Keywords— Internet of Things, Embeded System, Water Quality
MODEL MATEMATIKA KESEIMBANGAN PASAR
Authors: Ruslan Dede
Published: February 2021

The market is the place where the buyer and the seller are met in order to do various transactions that is based on the numbers of supply and demand. The supply and demand of any goods is affected by the supply and demand of other goods. The equilibrium the market can be overcome if the equilibrium of the price can be achieved. The model of the multi market that has been developed by Samuelson can be changed to homogeny differential equation with the use of stabilizing matrix that can verify that the price can move towards the stabilization of the market equilibrium
SIMULASI PENGELUARAN PEMERINTAH DAN DAMPAKNYA TERHADAP KINERJA EKONOMI MAKRO: SUATU MODEL COMPUTABLE GENERAL EQUILIBRIUM
Authors: Maipita Indra
Published: February 2021

This study analyzes the impact of increased government spending on macroeconomic performance, using AGEFIS; a Computable General Equilibrium Model. Simulations carried out with the three scenarios in the sector Construction, Electricity, and Land Transportation. The simulation results shows that, in general, an increase in government spending have a positive impact on macroeconomic performance and increase household income. increase in government spending in the Construction sector provides better impact on increasing household income compared with other sectors, while in the electricity sector have no effect
THE GAP ANALYSIS OF DEVELOPMENT BETWEEN REGENCY OR CITY IN THE PROVINCE OF NORTH SUMATRA FOR THE PERIOD 2004-2008
Authors: Yusuf Muhammad
Published: February 2021

One of the main functions of the government of North Sumatra Province is how to reduce the gap between the district / city in the province of North Sumatra. A regional disparity is the ratio of real per capita income among regions with per capita real income of the province. This study aims to analyze the development gap among districts / cities in North Sumatra. In addition, this study also analyzes the Klasen typology at each district / city in North Sumatra. The data’s that used in this study are secondary data from BPS report, North Sumatra in Figures 2004-2008 period. Data were analyzed using descriptive methods to illustrate how the levels of inequality and Klasen typology each district / city in North Sumatra. To see the inequality index formula used Williamson (Vw) and to see Klasen typology by dividing the area into developed areas, developed pressure, developed and underdeveloped. The research result shows that there is no gap between districts / cities in North Sumatra, where the index values approaching Williamson zero, and Medan is the only city that has a value field Williamson index of 0.314, while other areas close to zero.The districts / cities in North Sumatra has a category 4 classes according to Klasen typology the developed areas, developed pressure, developed and underdeveloped regions. The Medan city including developed areas and has the highest disparity of 0.314.The implication of this research is the need to accelerate policy development with the help of the central government.
ANALISIS PENGARUH PERDAGANGAN INTRA-REGIONAL DAN EKTRA-REGIONAL ASEAN TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN EKONOMI NEGARA-NEGARA ASEAN-5
Authors: Soraya Baida
Published: February 2021

Economy growth is one of indicators of people prosperity in a country. ASEAN is a type of economic integration which aim to increase economic growth of member countries. Intra-regional and extra-regional trade is kind of trade agreement which aim to increase the trade rate and economic growth. However, the rate of  extra-regional trade in every ASEAN-5 countries is higher than intra-regional trade. The objective of this research is to analyze the factors which effect the economic growth of ASEAN-5 countries during 2007-2011. With random effect model in pooled data processing, the research result described that extra-regional trade of ASEAN, foreign direct investment, inflation, and the population described positive and significant effect to economic growth of every ASEAN-5 countries. Whereas, intra-regional trade of ASEAN effect positive and insignificant to the economic growth of ASEAN-5 countries.
PENGARUH KONSENTRASI STRUKTUR PASAR TERHADAP KINERJA INDUSTRI KOMERSIAL PERBANKAN DI INDONESIA PERIODE TAHUN 2007 - 2011
Authors: Rofanov Mr
Published: February 2021

Based on the ratio of market share of 11 commercial banks discovered the phenomenon gap of the period 2007-2011 where 11 commercial banks dominate the banking market predominantly in Indonesia, including four state-owned banks. This phenomenon has resulted in the banking market structure tends to form an oligopoly, it is obviously affecting the behavior of banks that have a dominant position to maintain supernormal profit, which is reluctant to extend credit with low interest tribes and not a reflection of efficient behavior that ultimately lead to the real sector can not run role in the economy because of factors hampered financing. And with the market conditions are 11 commercial banks were so dominant, which is feared if one bank's collapse could affect the performance of banks in a systemic and even disrupt the Indonesian economy in general. The objectives of this research to determine the form of the banking market structure and analize the influence of concentration market structure and Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), Non Performing Loan (NPL), Net Interest Margin (NIM), and Loan to Deposit Ratio (LDR) to Return on Asset (ROA) wich is as a proxy of Financial Performance Banking in 2007 until 2011 periods. The data in this study was collected from Indonesian Banking Directory of 2007-2011. The collected sample was 11 biggest commercial banks over the period from 2007-2011. The analysis model  was used to determine the shape of banking market structure by using CR4 concentration ratio (Four Concentration Ratio) on a share of the assets, the share of third-party funding (DPK) and the share of loans, that produce banking that shaped the oligopoly market structure moderate low or concentration oligopoly level IV, where four largest banks a dominate about 42% - 50% market share. The estimation of the Fixed Effect Model unknown  that concentration market, market share, Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), Net Interest Margin (NIM) and the Loan to Deposit Ratio (LDR) has a positive effect on profitability (Return on Assets ) as a proxy for the performance of the banking industry. And for the  Non Performing Loan (NPL) has a negatively effect on profitability (Return on Assets) as a proxy for the performance of the banking industry.
ANALISIS FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI PENYERAPAN TENAGA KERJA SEKTOR INDUSTRI DI SUMATERA UTARA
Authors: Sitompul Dian Novianti
Published: February 2021

North Sumatra is a province that has a fundamental problem of high unemployment. Judging from the years 1994-2010, overall pengengguran is the biggest challenge still facing the North Sumatra due to termination of employment due to the economic crisis, rising raw material prices significantly from the various sub-industries are incorporated in the manufacturing category. On the other hand the costs for labor and increase the added value of the resulting output is a condition that must be considered. This research aims to analyze the influence of GDP, the number of industries, inflation and the minimum wage on employment in the industrial sector of North Sumatra simultaneously and partially.The data used are secondary data sourced from North Sumatra Province namely BPS GDP variable, the number of industries, inflation, wages and employment industries in the province of North Sumatra as time series from 1994 till , 2010. The results of this research can be concluded that simultaneous simultaneously change the variable GDP, inflation, industrial, and UMR significantly affect the demand for industrial labor in the province of North Sumatra. Furthermore, partially concluded that GDP variable, and the number of positive effect on demand for industrial labor industry, while inflation and minimum wage variables negatively affect the demand for industrial labor in the province of North Sumatra.The results also showed that the most dominant variable effect on the demand for labor in the industrial sector of the province of North Sumatra is the number of industries.
THE IMPACT OF FREE TRADE BETWEEN ASEAN AND CHINA ON THE INDONESIAN HOUSEHOLDS
Authors: Maipita Indra
Published: February 2021

Free trade agreement between ASEAN and China was executed in early 2010. Various types of trade tariffs have been removed or lowered to support the agreement which may lead to changes in the welfare of Indonesian households. This research tries to find out the impact of ASEAN-China free trade agreement on the welfare of households in Indonesia. The model used for this analysis is AGEFIS model, a Computable General Equilibrium model of Indonesian economy. The findings of this research show that the free trade between ASEAN and China increases the level of economic activity. Various macroeconomic indicators such as output and exports increase relative to the output prior to the  free trade agreement. Income of urban households rise but rural households are adversely affected. Skilled-workers benefits more than unskilled ones.
SISTEM PERINGATAN DINI KETAHANAN PANGAN DAERAH: PENATALAKSANAAN DAN PELIBATAN SELURUH PEMANGKU KEPENTINGAN
Authors: Hakim Lukman
Published: February 2021

Early Warning System (EWS) is a solution of food security of the most important in the management of the policy (Governance) food security. This study departs from best practices (best practices) in the regional autonomy that has been applied in the area surrounding the Surakarta and management of food security that is initiated by Bank Indonesia (BI) and the Central Statistics Agency (BPS) through Regional Inflation Control Team (TPID). This study uses FGD and AHP method are used to build the index of food security EWS. The results of this study indicate that areas that do not have high production in food commodities indeed have a higher susceptibility than having high production.
STRUKTUR INDUSTRI PERBANKAN SYARIAH DI INDONESIA
Authors: Machmud Amir
Published: February 2021

This study aims to analyze the structure of Islamic banking industry in Indonesia after the issuance of Law No. 21 of 2008 on Islamic Banking, including the factors that influence the structure industro through concentration ratio. The method used in this study was a descriptive study (descriptive study) and correlational studies, collecting data through observation techniques to data released by the Financial Services Authority and Bank Indonesia. The data that has been collected analyzed using the ratio of the concentration of 4 largest companies and non-parametric statistical test through Pearson product moment correlation to determine the relationship between variables that affect the concentration ratio. Based on the results of the study showed that the structure of the Islamic banking industry in Indonesia after Act No 21 of 2008 is included in the criteria but with a tight oligopoly involving Islamic Business Unit (UUS) and sharia rural banks (BPRS) included in the competition category is p. The structure of the industry has had a negative relationship with the share market, absolute capital and government policies, and have a positive relationship with the economies of scale and market growth.
FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI PERTUMBUHAN EKONOMI SUMATERA UTARA
Authors: Suharyadi Elly
Published: February 2021

The results from the fixed effects model analysis show that the natural resources,gross fixed capital formation, and technology have a significant and positive effectsimultaneously on economic growth in North Sumatra. While labor has a nonsignificant effect on economic growth in North Sumatra. Effect of natural resources, gross fixed capital formation, and technology on economic growth is inelastic and shows a diminishing return for the all the sources of growth. The largest source of economic growth that affects economic growth in North Sumatra is gross fixed capital formation by 0.497 and the largest increase in economic growth due to changes in the sources of economic growth is Pematangsiantar by 5,235 percent, while the smallest is Tanjungbalai City by 2,234 percent.
ANALISIS DAMPAK SEKTOR INDUSTRI MANUFAKTUR, KEMISKINAN DAN BELANJA PEMERINTAH BIDANG LINGKUNGAN TERHADAP KUALITAS AIR DI INDONESIA
Authors: Lubis Azanul Akbar
Published: February 2021

Manufacturing sector is one of the sectors that contribute to economic growth in Indonesia. Results of these contributions is the changing structure of the Indonesian economy from agriculture to the industrial sector. And poverty in Indonesia which is one indicator of well‐being in an area tend to be in 2000 to 2010 has a pattern that tends to decline, although not very significant. Of 2 (two) variables, namely the Manufacturing Sector and Poverty, the author tries to determine the impact of variables on water quality in Indonesia, by adding variable Expenditures Environmental Affairs as variables that also impact the water quality in Indonesia. Manufacturing Sector GDP, the number of poor, Regional Budget (APBD) Environmental Field, each is used as a proxy for the manufacturing sector, poverty and Environment Sector Government expenditure. The data is compiled based on 28 provinces in Indonesia in 2009, 2010 and 2011. The results obtained showed that the industrial sector and poverty have a negative impact on water quality while Government Expenditure Environment Sector positive effect on water quality in Indonesia.
DAMPAK NILAI TUKAR DAN RISK-BASED BANK RATING TERHADAP PREDIKSI KONDISI PERBANKAN INDONESIA
Authors: Prasidha Diana Kanya
Published: February 2021

Model predictions to asses the problematic conditions in banking sectors need to be developed. It because by knowing early of systemic risks condition, policymakers can take anticipation actions. In this study, the financial ratios used are RiskProfile, Good Corporate Governance, Earning, and Capital (RGEC) rating based approach. The risk profile is proxied by the Non Performing Loan (NPL) which represented by the Net Open Position (PDN) for market risk, and Loan to Deposit Ratio (LDR) for liquidity risk. Meanwhile, good corporate governance aspect is not investigated since the aspect is more qualitative. Then, the profitability aspect proxied by the Return on Asset (ROA) and Net Interest Margin (NIM), while the capital aspect proxied by the Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR). In this study added one macroeconomic variables, namely the Exchange Rates. The study was conducted in 2009-2013 to predict and analyze the performance of the Indonesian banking sector, particularly for Private National Banks which are the most susceptible to problematic conditions. Using the logistic regression model, the results showed that the variables of NPL, PDN, ROA, and Exchange Rates are significantly effect on the probability of occurrence of the condition of troubled banks.
NALISIS REPLIKASI PROGRAM PENANGGULANGAN KEMISKINAN MANDIRI PERKOTAAN
Authors: Ruslan Dede
Published: February 2021

PNPM urban areas, is one of the programs implemented to address the problem for the poverty in the city of Medan. On the other hand, the Medan City Government task and function in terms of governance and service to the community. Medan city government administration as a subsystem of state government intended to increase the efficiency and effectiveness of governance and public service. In this paper uses methodologi of research with replication paradigm formulated to clarify the terminology and functions. Paradigm consists of four main types of replication, the retesting (retest), internal, independent, and theoretical. Our findings show that PNPM Urban general in Medan has been carrying out his duties as well as possible to achieve the program's objectives, namely increasing prosperity and employment opportunities of the poor independently. So Pemko field needs to appreciate the Poverty Reduction program conducted jointly by the PNPM Urban. Therefore Medan City Government is expected to continue to support PNPM Urban program to resume some previous policies and alignment with the results of the evaluation and field conditions. As a token of appreciation Pemko field against Poverty Program conducted by PNPM Urban Terrain pemko need to replicate the program PNPM Urban in poverty reduction as outlined in the remainder of the Regional Poverty Reduction Strategy.
ANALISIS FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI KUNJUNGAN WISATAWAN MANCA NEGARA KE INDONESIA
Authors: Hermawan Wawan
Published: February 2021

The tourism sector is a sector that can be relied on to earn foreign exchange.Revenue from tourism showed significant progress and continues to grow, so bringa high impact on the Indonesian economy. Number of tourists visiting foreigncountries is an important indicator for the growth of tourism sector in Indonesia isrelated to the increase in foreign exchange. Increase or decrease of tourist arrivals isinfluenced both by internal factors such as the condition of tourist destinations inIndonesia, politics and security in Indonesia or external factors such as the economic conditions of the various countries of origin of foreign tourists. This study uses panel data with the annual number of tourist arrivals from a number of countries to Indonesia for 19 years as the dependent variable. The independent variable of this research is RGDPP (Real GDP Per Capita), RREER (Relative Real Effective Exchange Rate), TCPI (Indicative Ratio of Consumer Price Index), Population, CPITUNIS (Consumer Price Index Tunisia), TO (Trade Openness). The results of this study indicate that tourist arrivals to Indonesia is heavily influenced by the distance from their home country to destinations in Indonesia. This variable is the biggest variable affecting the arrival of foreign tourists to Indonesia. Income per capita is the second largest variable and has a coefficient  close to unity, so that the income elasticity of country of origin is an important variable to be considered.
DAMPAK DEPRESIASI RUPIAH TERHADAP PERKEMBANGAN IMPOR INDONESIA
Authors: Machmud Amir
Published: February 2021

This study aims to identify and analyze the impact of depreciation on the development of Indonesian imports. The method used in this study was a descriptive study with data collection through observation to the data issued by Bank Indonesia (BI) during the fourth quarter of 2012 - the second quarter of 2015.The collected data were then analyzed by quadrant analysis through growth andshare, as well as regression analysis. The results showed that the depreciation of the rupiah significantly negative effect on the development of imported goods inIndonesia, both consumer goods, raw and auxiliary materials, and capital goods. Inother words, the higher the value, the exchange rate declining demand for importedgoods as a whole.
ANALISIS KINERJA EKONOMI WILAYAH PROVINSI SUMATERA BARAT
Authors: Amar Syamsul
Published: February 2021

Macro regional variables are engine in regional economy. Regional economyactivity must be conducted by local resources and supported regulation from localgovernment. Each regency and municipality in West Sumatera have leading sectoreconomy. There are sevent regency/municipality led at primary sector, sixregency/municipality led at secondary sector and and four regency/municipalityled at tertiery sector. Leading sector economy as economic base created goods andservice mobility through interregional trade efficienly and income multiplier effectas well as labour multiplier effect continuously. Therefore, needed governmentpolicy to accomodate the public interest bese on local potential