bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Deposition behavior and mechanism of thermal sprayed SiC
Authors: Liu Jinhong , Li Kezhi , Guo Lingxiang , Liu Bing , Li Jiachen , Sun Jia
Published: December 2023

It is widely known that silicon carbide (SiC) is challenging to thermal spray. However, the nature of deposition and the underlying mechanisms are still not clearly understood. In the current work, the process of atmospheric plasma‐sprayed SiC was investigated in detail. SiC exhibits sublimation severely under the plasma spraying (PS). More than 65 mol.% SiC particles lost by sublimation during PS estimated by calculation. Due to the nonuniformity of temperature in plasma flame, a small amount of SiC particles was retained. Moreover, a small amount of Si and SiO2 was experimentally observed after deposition process from the single‐splat characterization. According to the first‐principles calculations, the detachment energy of C atom from the lattice (0.591 eV) is lower than that of Si atom (1.257 eV). The adsorption energies of an O atom on the Si‐ and C‐terminated surfaces are −9.549 and −7.631 eV, respectively. Therefore, C is more likely to form gaseous products after decomposition, and Si is more likely to be retained to form Si and SiO2. Mullite was found on the grain boundaries of molten Si, which was attributed to the rapid diffusion of the Al2O3 substrate along the grain boundaries of Si, promoting the spreading of molten splats. It is difficult to stack particles through self‐diffusion among SiC particles to form coatings. The discovery on thermal deposition mechanism of SiC in PS is helpful to promote the practical application of SiC coatings on preparation optimization and interfacial bonding improvement.
Is transmucosal healing of an implant as effective as submerged healing when simultaneous guided bone regeneration is performed? A preclinical study
Authors: Park Jin‐Young , Kwon Yoon‐Hee , Song Young Woo , Cha Jae‐Kook , Jung Ui‐Won , Thoma Daniel , Jung Ronald
Published: December 2023

Aim

To investigate whether transmucosal healing is as effective as submerged healing in terms of buccal bone regeneration when guided bone regeneration (GBR) is performed simultaneously with implant placement.

Materials and Methods

In six dogs, buccal dehiscence defects were created in the edentulous mandibular ridge, sized 5 × 5 × 3 mm (length × height × depth). In each defect, a bone‐level implant was placed, and four experimental groups were randomly assigned as follows: (i) transmucosal healing with GBR (T‐GBR), (ii) transmucosal healing without GBR (T‐control), (iii) submerged healing with GBR (S‐GBR) and (iv) submerged healing without GBR (S‐control). Data analyses were based on histological slides 5 months after implant placement.

Results

The T‐GBR group showed significant differences compared to the control groups regarding defect height resolution, buccal bone thickness and mineralized tissue area (p < .05), but showed no significant differences when compared with the S‐GBR group (p > .05).

Conclusions

The mode of healing (transmucosal vs. submerged) does not influence bone regeneration at implant sites. The clinician may therefore choose the approach based on further clinical and patient‐specific parameters.
Exploring the potential of intradermal platelet‐rich plasma in treating acquired bilateral nevus of Ota‐like macule (Hori's nevus): A pilot study
Authors: Deeudomwongsa Pasinee , Chumsaengsri Chumsaeng , Aristizabal Miguel , Kiatsurayanon Chanisa
Published: December 2023

Background

Hori's nevus is a common and challenging dermatological condition, often complicated by post‐inflammatory hyperpigmentation following treatment. Platelet‐rich plasma (PRP) has demonstrated efficacy in the treatment of hyperpigmentation disorders such as melasma and periorbital darkening. Given the benefits and minimally invasive nature of PRP treatments, exploring its application in managing Hori's nevus through further investigation is worthwhile.

Aims

To evaluate the safety and effectiveness of intradermal PRP therapy for the treatment of Hori's nevus.

Methods

Ten female patients received bilateral intradermal PRP injections every 2 weeks for a total of four treatments. The modified dermal pigmentation and severity index (mDPASI), mean melanin index (MI), brightening score, patient self‐assessment, and clinical photographs were evaluated at 2, 4, 8, and 12 weeks post‐treatment. Adverse events were also recorded to determine treatment safety.

Results

At 12 weeks post‐treatment, mDPASI decreased 38.86%, from 0.929 ± 0.617 to 0.568 ± 0.415 (p < 0.05). The mean melanin index decreased 12.75%, from 208.650 ± 26.319 to 182.052 ± 17.028 (p < 0.05). In addition, the mean brightness score evaluated by two experts was 1.4, indicating 25–50% improvement. At the end of the study, 50% of the patients reported 50–75% improvement. Side effects included pain, mild edema, and bruising, which resolved spontaneously within 3 days. No serious side effects were found.

Conclusion

Our results suggest that intradermal PRP therapy may be a safe and effective alternative for the treatment of Hori's nevus and can complement conventional interventions. However, further research with a larger sample size, control groups, and longer follow‐up is needed to confirm these findings.
Ketogenic diets: A systematic review of current scientific evidence and possible applicability in dogs and cats
Authors: Vendramini Thiago H. A. , Amaral Andressa R. , Rentas Mariana F. , Nogueira Juliana P. d. S. , Pedrinelli Vivian , de Oliveira Vinicius V. , Zafalon Rafael V. A. , Brunetto Márcio A.
Published: December 2023

Ketogenic diets (KD) have been used in the treatment of epilepsy in humans for around a century and, more recently, they have been implanted for cancer patients, as well as in the treatment of obesity. This type of diet consists of high‐fat levels, an adequate amount of protein and restricted carbohydrates, or high medium‐chain triglycerides. Recently, the ketogenic diet has gained attention in veterinary medicine and studies were published evaluating the effects of KD in dogs with epilepsy. The objective of this review was to highlight recent studies about the application of KD in dogs and cats, to describe the neurobiochemical mechanisms through which KD improves epilepsy crisis, and their adverse effects. Studies were identified by a systematic review of literature available on PubMed, Embase, and Scopus. All cohort and case‐control studies were included, and all articles were exported to Mendeley® citation manager, and duplicates were automatically removed. Seven articles and three conference abstracts conducted with dogs were included in the present study. There is evidence that the consumption of diets with medium‐chain triglycerides increases the concentration of circulating ketone bodies and improves epilepsy signs, although these diets have higher carbohydrate and lower fat content when compared to the classic KD.
Welcoming Strangers: Protestant Churches’ Involvement in Refugee Resettlement in the United States
Authors: Lee Young‐joo
Published: December 2023

Providing shelters and other aid for refugees is one of the core Christian principles, but there exists a great divide in Protestant churches’ response to the refugee crisis. This study examines what contributes to the divide, focusing on how various congregational characteristics relate to churches’ interests and involvement in refugee resettlement. The analysis of the 2018–2019 National Congregations Study data reveals that political conservatism within a church is linked to the disinterest in refugee resettlement. The results also show that churches with more members who have a bachelor's degree and churches participating in international humanitarian works are more likely to have discussions on refugee resettlement. In terms of direct involvement in helping refugees, congregational members’ migration experiences seem to make a significant difference.
Religiously Unaffiliated Youth in Europe: Shifting Remnants of Belief and Practice in Contexts of Diffused Religion and Cohort Decline
Authors: Coutinho José Pereira , Laflamme Sarah Wilkins
Published: December 2023

This study investigates the remnants and dynamics of religious beliefs and practices among religiously unaffiliated youth in Europe, comparing them with the older unaffiliated as well as with the religiously affiliated. Using EVS 2017–2021 data to test contrasting hypotheses of diffused religion and cohort replacement, the study draws three main conclusions. First, youth believe more on average and older age groups believe less when it comes to eschatological beliefs among both the unaffiliated and the affiliated. Second, youth practice less and older age groups practice more on average among both the unaffiliated and the affiliated. Third, the gaps in levels of religious beliefs and practices remain between the religiously unaffiliated and the religiously affiliated among younger populations, but this gap is now narrower for religious practices. Results confirm both hypotheses (diffused religion and cohort replacement) depending on the dimensions of religiosity at study.
Chipping in: functional morphology of the American beaver under range expansion
Authors: Diamond J. , Humphries M. M. , Millien V.
Published: December 2023

Climate warming combined with intensive human activities are modifying ecosystems globally, and the Arctic biota is shifting substantially faster than the global average, allowing many new species to expand their range poleward. One such species, is the American beaver (Castor canadensis), a highly specialized rodent capable of greatly modifying ecosystems by altering forest composition through selective foraging and by flooding the landscape through dam and channel building. As rodent cranial morphology is highly related to its functional requirements for foraging and feeding, the beaver provides an opportunity to evaluate the phenotypic response of species to changing environmental conditions. Here, we test the hypothesis that beaver skull morphology is optimized for its local environmental and habitat conditions across Canadian ecosystems. We found that temperature, precipitations, biomass, and local average tree hardness significantly affect the morphology of key masticatory functional traits of the skull, but not its size. Our results suggest that the beaver's phenotype is locally adapted to environmental conditions as a result of its selective foraging behavior. This work provides insight into the adaptive potential of newly established beaver populations in the sub‐Arctic to inform management strategies for this keystone species. More generally, our work emphasizes the need to consider traits other than body size in research seeking to better understand the response of species to current global change.
Plant–plant interactions can mitigate (or exacerbate) hot drought impacts
Authors: Wright Alexandra J.
Published: December 2023

This article is a Commentary on Mas et al. (2024), 241: 1021–1034.
Outcomes of RigidFix Cross Pin Fixation in Femoral and Tibial Tunnel for Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction
Authors: Yuan Wei , Qi Wei , Hu Tingting , Zhang Jia , An Ming‐yang , Zhao Gang , Wang Xiao‐ping , Li Chunbao , Liu Yujie
Published: December 2023

Objectives

There is no clear consensus so far on which fixation method is most favorable for the tibial tunnel in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR). The purpose of this paper is to investigate the outcome of RigidFix cross pins fixation in the tibial tunnel and to explore the advantages of RigidFix applied both in the femoral and tibial tunnel with hamstring tendon graft in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction.

Methods

This retrospective study included 53 patients (male/female, 45/8) who underwent anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction using autologous hamstring tendons between January 2013 and December 2017 at our institute. The participants in group A (n = 36) received anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction with RigidFix cross pins fixation in both femoral and tibial tunnels, while those in group B (n = 17) with RigidFix cross pins fixation in the femoral tunnel and Interference screw fixation in the tibial tunnel. The visual analogue scale (VAS) score, International Knee Documentation Committee subjective knee form 2000 (IKDC2000) score, Lysholm knee scoring scale, Tegner activity score and the side‐to‐side difference were compared at 2 and 5 years postoperatively. The graft diameter, number of strands in graft and the average diameter of each strand were also compared between the two groups. The categorical parameters were analyzed by chi‐square test and the continuous variables conforming to a normal distribution were analyzed by Student's t‐test.

Results

At 2 years postoperation, the VAS score (1.61 ± 0.55), side‐to‐side difference (1.50 ± 0.58) in group A were significantly lower than that in group B, and the IKDC2000 score (88.81 ± 3.88), Tegner activity score (6.14 ± 0.60) in group A were significantly higher than that in group B. At 5 years postoperation, the VAS score (1.64 ± 0.68), side‐to‐side difference (1.73 ± 0.63) in group A were significantly lower than that in group B, and the IKDC2000 score (89.09 ± 3.85), Tegner activity score (6.58 ± 0.94) in group A were slso significantly higher than that in group B. There was statistical difference in the change of the side‐to‐side difference between the two groups (group A vs. B, 0.22 ± 0.08 vs. 0.34 ± 0.11, p < 0.001). There were also statistical differences in the graft diameter (group A vs. B, 7.83 ± 0.74 vs. 7.41 ± 0.51, p = 0,038), number of strands in graft (5.67 ± 0.72 vs. 4.00 ± 0.00, p < 0.001) and the average diameter of each strand (1.41 ± 0.22 vs. 1.85 ± 0.13, p < 0.001) between the two groups.

Conclusion

RigidFix cross pins fixation in the tibial tunnel for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction can achieve better 5‐year results when compared with the interference screw, and the hamstring tendon can be folded into a thicker graft when RigidFix cross pins were applied in both femoral and tibial tunnels.
Fusarium pseudograminearum infected wheat lines vary in disease severity and gas exchange response under different watering regimes
Authors: Abdulsada Rian R. , Thompson Michael , Peitton Lucas , Kelly Alison , Percy Cassandra D.
Published: December 2023

Crown rot (CR; Fusarium pseudograminearum) is a serious disease in winter cereals. Soil type, temperature, nutrients, water availability and stubble‐borne inoculum levels play major roles in determining disease severity. This paper reports the impact of two different watering regimes on the disease severity and gas exchange of F. pseudograminearum infected bread wheat for the first time. Fusarium pseudograminearum inoculated and noninoculated genotypes with different susceptibility to CR were watered to either field capacity or a reduced watering regime in three controlled environment experiments. Rate of photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, internal CO2 concentration and transpiration rate were measured using a portable photosynthesis system, together with disease severity of leaf sheaths at 28 days after planting. Significant differences in disease severity were reported between watering treatments with reduction in CR symptoms in the partially resistant genotypes in the reduced water treatment. Photosynthesis, stomatal conductance and transpiration rate were significantly decreased across most genotypes when inoculated with F. pseudograminearum. Differences in gas exchange between inoculum treatments were more evident in plants watered to field capacity. Water availability has been reported to be one of the crucial factors for initiating F. pseudograminearum infection and subsequent development of CR disease. This research demonstrates significant variation in genotype‐related responses to the complex interactions of F. pseudograminearum infection and water treatment, with a negative impact of both limited soil water availability and CR disease severity on plant gas exchange in bread wheat.
Places and spaces of collaborative R&D and innovation: navigating the role of physical and virtual contexts
Authors: Leminen Seppo , De Vita Katharina , Westerlund Mika , Ritala Paavo
Published: December 2023

The context in which collaborative R&D and innovation activities take place is a critical driver of success and failure. However, innovation management research tends to often abstract the context away, leaving the crucial contingency factors unaddressed. This special issue explores multifaceted collaborative R&D and innovation contexts across physical and virtual domains. An array of ten articles dissect various contexts, including cross‐sector partnerships, innovation hubs, living labs, makerspaces, and virtual collaboration spaces and communities, highlighting their impact on innovation processes and outcomes. In this editorial, we develop a ‘Collaborative Innovation Space Matrix’ to firstly integrate the insights from the special issue focusing on collaboration dynamics and type of spaces and, secondly, to propose a call for action for innovation researchers to better understand the crucial role of context in collaborative R&D and innovation.
How have RPAS helped monitor forests and what can we apply in forest restoration monitoring?
Authors: Sinegalia Melodie Kern Sarubo Dorth , Santoro Giulio Brossi , Molin Paulo Guilherme
Published: December 2023

We are currently experiencing an unprecedented moment in forest restoration, where monitoring activities in recovery areas play a vital role in problem identification and method adaptation. However, it is crucial to shift away from expensive traditional methodologies and develop technologies that enable large‐scale monitoring using more accessible and cost‐effective tools. In an effort to provide an evidence‐based perspective, we conducted a systematic review of how remotely piloted aircraft systems equipped with various sensors have been employed for forest monitoring. We consulted three databases and included 53 articles in our review. The results revealed a trend toward research in tropical ecosystems, with forest structure being the most frequently assessed attribute, and canopy height being the most widely measured structural indicator. Red‐green‐blue sensors were commonly used, both individually and in combination with others, and there was a noticeable shift toward the use of light detection and ranging. Data validation primarily relied on forest inventory methods, often involving comparisons of outputs from different sensors and the use of artificial intelligence algorithms. Despite the wide range of studies utilizing sensor‐equipped drones to analyze forest attributes, there is a notable scarcity of research specifically addressing the application of these technologies in forest restoration monitoring. Filling this research gap is essential, as employing techniques that enable large‐scale monitoring, such as aerial photogrammetry and remote sensing, aligns with current trends and contributes to global commitments to environmental restoration and conservation.
Evaluation of Cooling Requirements for Rotating Detonation Combustors
Authors: Sandri Umberto , Sridhara Shreyas Ramanagar , Andreini Antonio , Bohon Myles D. , Picchi A. , Facchini B.
Published: December 2023

In the last decade, the rotating detonation combustor (RDC) has received growing attention among the different pressure gain combustion concepts due to the simplicity of the design and the potential ease of integration in gas turbines. However, multiple technological challenges are still associated with its development. Researchers have pointed out concerns related to the heat loads determined by the high temperature and the complex flow field occurring in this kind of combustion chamber based on a small but meaningful set of experimental and numerical results. An investigation of the open literature has shown a strong sensitivity of the heat loads with multiple designs and operational parameters. The aim of this work is to provide a fundamental review of the primary drivers affecting heat load in a typical RDC in order to define basic cooling requirements for possible actual design of the combustor. Along with this, a simplified approach has been implemented for the estimation of the requirements for cold side convection cooling with respect to different heat load scenarios, shedding light on the compatibility of pure convection cooling for rotating detonation combustors. Finally, the results are used to determine guidelines for the design of a cooled and efficient RDC.
Cysteine desulfurase (IscS)–mediated fine-tuning of bioenergetics and SUF expression prevents
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
hypervirulence
Authors: Das Mayashree , Sreedharan Sreesa , Shee Somnath , Malhotra Nitish , Nandy Meghna , Banerjee Ushashi , Kohli Sakshi , Rajmani Raju S. , Chandra Nagasuma , Seshasayee Aswin Sai Narain , Laxman Sunil , Singh Amit
Published: December 2023

Iron-sulfur (Fe-S) biogenesis requires multiprotein assembly systems, SUF and ISC, in most prokaryotes.
M. tuberculosis
(
Mtb
) encodes a complete SUF system, the depletion of which was bactericidal. The ISC operon is truncated to a single gene
iscS
(cysteine desulfurase), whose function remains uncertain. Here, we show that
Mtb
Δ
iscS
is bioenergetically deficient and hypersensitive to oxidative stress, antibiotics, and hypoxia.
Mtb
Δ
iscS
resisted killing by nitric oxide (NO). RNA sequencing indicates that IscS is important for expressing regulons of DosR and Fe-S–containing transcription factors, WhiB3 and SufR. Unlike wild-type
Mtb
,
Mtb
Δ
iscS
could not enter a stable persistent state, continued replicating in mice, and showed hypervirulence. The
suf
operon was overexpressed in
Mtb
Δ
iscS
during infection in a NO-dependent manner. Suppressing
suf
expression in
Mtb
Δ
iscS
either by CRISPR interference or upon infection in inducible NO-deficient mice arrests hypervirulence. Together,
Mtb
redesigned the ISC system to “fine-tune” the expression of SUF machinery for establishing persistence without causing detrimental disease in the host.
Polysulfonated covalent organic framework as active electrode host for mobile cation guests in electrochemical soft actuator
Authors: Mahato Manmatha , Garai Mousumi , Nguyen Van Hiep , Oh Saewoong , Nam Sanghee , Zeng Xiangrong , Yoo Hyunjoon , Tabassian Rassoul , Oh Il-Kwon
Published: December 2023

Tailoring transfer dynamics of mobile cations across solid-state electrolyte-electrode interfaces is crucial for high-performance electrochemical soft actuators. In general, actuation performance is directly proportional to the affinity of cations and anions in the electrolyte for the opposite electrode surfaces under an applied field. Herein, to maximize electrochemical actuation, we report an electronically conjugated
polysulfonated
covalent organic framework (
p
S-COF) used as a common electrolyte-electrode host for 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium cation embedded into a Nafion membrane. The
p
S-COF–based electrochemical actuator exhibits remarkable bending deflection at near-zero voltage (~0.01 V) and previously unattainable blocking force, which is 34 times higher than its own weight. The ultrafast step response shows a very short rising time of 1.59 seconds without back-relaxation, and substantial ultralow-voltage actuation at higher frequencies up to 5.0 hertz demonstrates good application prospects of common electrolyte-electrode hosts. A soft fluidic switch is constructed using the proposed soft actuator as a potential engineering application.
Culturally competent social robots target inclusion in Africa
Authors: Akinade Adedayo , Haile Yohannes , Mutangana Natasha , Tucker Conrad , Vernon David
Published: December 2023

Embedding culturally sensitive body, hand, and facial gestures in social robots will make them more acceptable in Africa.
Wild Tech: Exploring South Africa’s unique robotics landscape
Authors: Shield Stacey , Verrinder Robyn , Amayo Paul , Mwangama Joyce , Patel Amir
Published: December 2023

South Africa’s location-specific opportunities have enabled local researchers to establish a niche in the robotics community.
Toward stronger artificial muscles
Authors: Yashinski Melisa
Published: December 2023

Theoretical framework uses dielectric parameters to increase force output of electrostatic multilayer systems.
A therapeutic strategy to target distinct sources of IgE and durably reverse allergy
Authors: Limnander Andre , Kaur Navneet , Asrat Seblewongel , Tasker Carley , Boyapati Anita , Ben Li-Hong , Janczy John , Pedraza Paulina , Abreu Pablo , Chen Wen-Chi , Godin Stephen , Daniel Benjamin J. , Chin Harvey , DeVeaux Michelle , Rodriguez Lorenc Karen , Sirulnik Andres , Harari Olivier , Stahl Neil , Sleeman Matthew A. , Murphy Andrew J. , Yancopoulos George D. , Orengo Jamie M.
Published: December 2023

Immunoglobulin E (IgE) is a key driver of type 1 hypersensitivity reactions and allergic disorders, which are globally increasing in number and severity. Although eliminating pathogenic IgE may be a powerful way to treat allergy, no therapeutic strategy reported to date can fully ablate IgE production. Interleukin-4 receptor α (IL-4Rα) signaling is required for IgE class switching, and IL-4Rα blockade gradually reduces, but does not eliminate, IgE. The persistence of IgE after IL-4Rα blockade may be due to long-lived IgE
+
plasma cells that maintain serological memory to allergens and thus may be susceptible to plasma cell–targeted therapeutics. We demonstrate that transient administration of a B cell maturation antigen x CD3 (BCMAxCD3) bispecific antibody markedly depletes IgE, as well as other immunoglobulins, by ablating long-lived plasma cells, although IgE and other immunoglobulins rapidly rebound after treatment. Concomitant IL-4Rα blockade specifically and durably prevents the reemergence of IgE by blocking IgE class switching while allowing the restoration of other immunoglobulins. Moreover, this combination treatment prevented anaphylaxis in mice. Together with additional cynomolgus monkey and human data, our studies demonstrate that allergic memory is primarily maintained by both non-IgE
+
memory B cells that require class switching and long-lived IgE
+
plasma cells. Our combination approach to durably eliminate pathogenic IgE has potential to benefit allergy in humans while preserving antibody-mediated immunity.
Evolutionary deletions within the SARS-CoV-2 genome as signature trends for virus fitness and adaptation
Authors: Jeronimo Pedro Miguel Carneiro , Aksenen Cleber Furtado , Duarte Igor Oliveira , Lins Roberto D. , Miyajima Fabio
Published: December 2023

Coronaviruses are large RNA viruses that can infect and spread among humans and animals. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), responsible for coronavirus disease 2019, has evolved since its first detection in December 2019. Deletions are a common occurrence in SARS-CoV-2 evolution, particularly in specific genomic sites, and may be associated with the emergence of highly competent lineages. While deletions typically have a negative impact on viral fitness, some persist and become fixed in viral populations, indicating that they may confer advantageous benefits for the virus’s adaptive evolution. This work presents a literature review and data analysis on structural losses in the SARS-CoV-2 genome and the potential relevance of specific signatures for enhanced viral fitness and spread.
UTDRM: unsupervised method for training debunked-narrative retrieval models
Authors: Singh Iknoor , Scarton Carolina , Bontcheva Kalina
Published: December 2023

A key task in the fact-checking workflow is to establish whether the claim under investigation has already been debunked or fact-checked before. This is essentially a retrieval task where a misinformation claim is used as a query to retrieve from a corpus of debunks. Prior debunk retrieval methods have typically been trained on annotated pairs of misinformation claims and debunks. The novelty of this paper is an Unsupervised Method for Training Debunked-Narrative Retrieval Models () in a zero-shot setting, eliminating the need for human-annotated pairs. This approach leverages fact-checking articles for the generation of synthetic claims and employs a neural retrieval model for training. Our experiments show that tends to match or exceed the performance of state-of-the-art methods on seven datasets, which demonstrates its effectiveness and broad applicability. The paper also analyses the impact of various factors on ’s performance, such as the quantity of fact-checking articles utilised, the number of synthetically generated claims employed, the proposed entity inoculation method, and the usage of large language models for retrieval.
Phase coexistence in a half-filled extended Hubbard model
Authors: Philoxene Loïc , Dao Vu Hung , Frésard Raymond
Published: December 2023

We analyze the coexisting ordered phases that arise in the half-filled [Formula: see text]-t-U-V extended Hubbard Model on the square lattice when tackled within the Kotliar and Ruckenstein slave boson representation in the thermodynamical limit. Particular emphasis is put on the dependence of the quasi-particle dispersions, the gaps, the spin-resolved renormalization factors, and the distribution of double occupancy on the microscopical parameters of the model. Our calculations are performed in a parameter range that is most suitable for resistive switching. In particular, the main contributions to the gaps are shown to either arise from [Formula: see text] in the weak coupling regime, or from U and V when they are the largest scales. The gaps are thus from joint spin and charge origin, and so are the order parameters.
Gilteritinib Monotherapy as a Transplant Bridging Option for a Patient with FLT3-Mutated Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia Who Developed a Second Relapse after All-Trans Retinoic Acid + Chemotherapy, Arsenic Trioxide, and High-Dose Cytarabine Therapy
Authors: Kobayashi Hirofumi , Tsutsumi Hiroki , Misaki Yukiko , Maekawa Takashi , Inoshita Naoko , Kawamura Machiko , Maseki Nobuo
Published: December 2023

We report a case of FLT3-mutated APL who developed disease relapse despite all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) + chemotherapy, and re-induction chemotherapy with arsenic trioxide (ATO) and high-dose (HD) cytarabine (Ara-C) therapy failed to yield complete remission. Because the leukemic cells were resistant to all the aforementioned therapies, we started the patient on monotherapy with gilteritinib, a selective FLT3-inhibitor, as an alternative re-induction treatment option rather than further intensive chemotherapy. The patient showed complete hematologic remission in response to this therapy. This case serves as supporting evidence for the use of single-agent therapy with gilteritinib as a bridge to transplantation in patients with refractory FLT3-mutated APL.
Supplementary Figure 5 from Monitoring Glucocorticoid Receptor in Plasma-derived Extracellular Vesicles as a Marker of Resistance to Androgen Receptor Signaling Inhibition in Prostate Cancer
Authors: Gentile Emanuela , Hahn Andrew W. , Song Jian H. , Hoang Anh , Shepherd Peter D. A. , Ramachandran Sumankalai , Navone Nora M. , Efstathiou Eleni , Titus Mark , Corn Paul G. , Lin Sue-Hwa , Logothetis Christopher J. , Panaretakis Theocharis
Published: December 2023

Patient-derived EV transcriptome
Supplementary Figure 3 from Monitoring Glucocorticoid Receptor in Plasma-derived Extracellular Vesicles as a Marker of Resistance to Androgen Receptor Signaling Inhibition in Prostate Cancer
Authors: Gentile Emanuela , Hahn Andrew W. , Song Jian H. , Hoang Anh , Shepherd Peter D. A. , Ramachandran Sumankalai , Navone Nora M. , Efstathiou Eleni , Titus Mark , Corn Paul G. , Lin Sue-Hwa , Logothetis Christopher J. , Panaretakis Theocharis
Published: December 2023

GR knockdown
Eine Übersicht über neuro-ophthalmologische Erkrankungen bei Afroamerikanern und Hispanics mit multipler Sklerose
Authors: Tardo Lauren , Salter Amber , Truong-Le Melanie , Horton Lindsay , Blackburn Kyle M. , Sguigna Peter V.
Published: December 2023

Multiple Sklerose (MS) ist die häufigste nichttraumatische Ursache für Behinderungen bei jungen Menschen, wobei der Verlust des Sehvermögens bei dieser Krankheit den zweitgrößten Anteil an der Behinderung ausmacht. Insbesondere afroamerikanische MS-Patienten haben ein schlechteres Sehvermögen als die Vergleichsgruppe der Kaukasier. In dieser Übersichtsarbeit untersuchen wir die Unterschiede bei Augenkrankheiten in der MS-Population unter Berücksichtigung der vorhandenen Wissenslücken und diskutieren die zugrunde liegende Natur der pathologischen Diskrepanzen.
Corpo e transe
Authors: Ab´Sáber Tales
Published: December 2023

Terra em transe, obra prima de Glauber Rocha de 1967, ao refletir sobre os limites históricos da ação política das esquerdas brasileiras no contexto do golpe de 1964 realizou, com sua própria estrutura formal, uma teoria da história em que países periféricos de formação colonial viveriam em regime de repetição e circularidade, melancolia do fim e descontinuidade do não início, em relação ao processo formativo moderno, marcado por horizonte de realização positivo social e subjetivo. Ao invés de progresso e integração social, repetição da violência e profecia negativa: o filme como sortilégio, que ainda estaríamos instalados.
O sublime, as mulheres e os negros nas Observações do jovem Kant
Authors: Ferreira Rodney
Published: December 2023

O objetivo deste artigo é perseguir as consequências teóricas das caracterizações estético-antropológicas e naturalistas dos gêneros e das raças fundadas na categoria de sublime, tal como apresentada nas Observações. Com isso, gostaríamos de mostrar como a oposição entre bela aparência e sublime virtude, por um lado, e as dualidades e gradações internas do sublime, por outro, levam o jovem Kant a realizar passagens, proibidas por ele mesmo em sua exposição, entre o campo pragmático das observações e o campo teórico da filosofia, implicando em conclusões que representam, num quadro maior, as contradições possíveis do discurso iluminista, sobretudo na forma da relação metodologicamente irmanada entre história natural, filosofia da história, crítica de gosto e antropologia. Entrementes, o saldo da pesquisa detida do sublime nesse ensaio do período pré-crítico revela muitas marcas que persistem e se desenvolvem na compreensão kantiana dessa noção no período crítico, como sua relação com o fanatismo (Schwärmerei), suas dualidades e sua condição como sentimento moral em si mesmo e também moralmente formativo.
Lectotypification of the name Umbilicaria africana (Umbilicariaceae, lichenized Ascomycota)
Authors: DAVYDOV EVGENY A. , YAKOVCHENKO LIDIA S.
Published: December 2023

The name Umbilicaria africana (≡Gyrophora haplocarpa var. africana), a polar-alpine lichen-forming fungus, is reviewed and lectotypified using a specimen from the Jatta collection deposited in the Herbarium Neapolitanum (NAP).
Prediction of last ply failure load of keyhole notched laminated composites using the virtual isotropic material concept
Authors: Alirezaeipour Saeid , Amirinia Mohammad Sadegh , Safarabadi Majid , Ganjiani Mehdi , Haghighi-Yazdi Mojtaba
Published: December 2023

Composite laminates have become increasingly popular in industries like aerospace and shipbuilding. In practical applications, the creation of notches in composite laminates is often necessary to enable assembly and modifications. This rise in the use of notched composite laminates highlights the need for reliable methods to predict potential failures in these components. With these predictions, the safety and reliability of composite structures can be ensured by preventing catastrophic failures. The present paper investigates the use of the Virtual Isotropic Material Concept (VIMC) combined with the Finite Fracture Mechanics (FFM) criterion to predict the Last Ply Failure (LPF) load in keyhole notched composite laminates and under mode I loading conditions. Experimental tests were conducted to measure the LPF load of E-glass/Epoxy keyhole notched specimens, and the results were compared with the predicted results using the VIMC-FFM criterion. The paper also derives an expression for the Stress Intensity Factor (SIF) function for a crack that emanates from the keyhole notch tip under mode I loading conditions. The derived equation matches very well with numerical data and have a mean absolute error about 2% in the studied domain. The study shows that the VIMC-FFM criterion predicts the LPF load of keyhole notched composite laminates with acceptable accuracy and in a simple and low-cost manner.
Clinical characteristics and risk factors for oxaliplatin hypersensitivity reactions in patients with colorectal cancer
Authors: Kim Jeong Hye , Jung Mi Kyoung
Published: December 2023

Introduction

Oxaliplatin is an anticancer drug used primarily for cancers of the gastrointestinal tract, and oxaliplatin hypersensitivity reaction is a rare but serious side effect. This study aimed to identify the clinical characteristics and risk factors for oxaliplatin hypersensitivity reactions in patients with colorectal cancer.

Methods

This retrospective study included 280 patients who developed oxaliplatin hypersensitivity reactions and 476 patients who did not.

Results

Logistic regression analysis indicated that a history of allergy (odds ratio (OR) = 2.232, 95% confidence interval (CI) (1.209, 4.119), P = .010), previous oxaliplatin exposure (OR = 8.081, 95% CI (3.024, 21.593), P < .001), and chemotherapy regimen (OR = 2.148, 95% CI (1.411, 3.271), P < .001) were risk factors for oxaliplatin hypersensitivity reactions. These reactions averaged 7.29 ± 2.78 (median 7, 1–16) cycles, with a mean cumulative dose of 589.53 ± 274.43 mg. Grade 2 oxaliplatin hypersensitivity reactions were the most common, occurring in 197 patients (70.4%), followed by grade 3 reactions in 68 patients (24.3%), and grade 4 reactions in 9 patients (3.2%). The most common symptom of oxaliplatin hypersensitivity reactions was itching (211 patients, 75.4%), followed by facial flushing (133 patients, 47.5%), and chest discomfort (77 patients, 27.5%).

Conclusions

We identified a history of allergy to previous oxaliplatin exposure and chemotherapy regimens as risk factors for oxaliplatin hypersensitivity reactions. Healthcare providers should be aware of the risk factors for oxaliplatin hypersensitivity reactions and carefully monitor patients receiving oxaliplatin.
Does children’s healthcare seeking change after participation in a musculoskeletal study? A register-based study
Authors: Lykkegaard Charlotte Raadkjaer , Wedderkopp Niels , Wehberg Sonja , Holden Sinead , Andersen Helene Stoettrup , Waldorff Frans Boch , Søndergaard Jens
Published: December 2023

Background

Participating in research studies often involves interactions with healthcare professionals, potentially influencing the participant’s future help-seeking behaviour. We investigated whether participating in the Childhood Health Activity and Motor Performance School Study – Denmark (CHAMPS) (2008–2014), which involved telephone consultations and clinical assessments by healthcare professionals with participants experiencing musculoskeletal complaints, changed frequency of contacts with primary public healthcare services among participants over the subsequent five-years-period, compared to non-participating children.

Methods

Using Danish health register data from 1998 to 2020, we compared CHAMPS participant’s and two control group’s contacts with private physiotherapists, chiropractors (outside hospitals), and general practitioners: a random 10% sample of children from Denmark (National Controls), and a secondary local control group (Local Controls) during three periods: Before (1998–31.10.2008), during (01.11.2008–20.06.2014), and after (21.06.2014–31.12.2019) the CHAMPS-study. Separate multivariable Poisson regression models were used to assess the differences between groups for the outcome variables: contacts with physiotherapists, chiropractors, and general practitioners, and overall contacts.

Results

Compared to National Controls, the CHAMPS-Group had fewer physiotherapy contacts before the study with an estimated mean of 0.01 vs 0.02 per person-year, and after (0.13 vs 0.18 per person-year), corresponding to a crude incidence rate ratio (IRR) of 0.69 (95% confidence intervals (CI): 0.58–0.83) after the study period. However, they had more chiropractor contacts before (0.05 vs 0.03), and after (0.21 vs 0.09) the study, with a crude IRR of 2.29 (95% CI: 1.93–2.71) after the study period. General practice contacts were equal for the CHAMPS-group compared to national controls (5.84 vs 5.84) before the study but reduced during and after (3.21 vs 3.71), with a crude IRR of 0.86 (95% CI: 0.83–0.90) after the study. Comparable patterns of contacts changes from before to after the study were observed between the CHAMPS-group and the Local Controls except for physiotherapy which was equal between the two groups after the study.

Conclusion

Our findings suggest that research studies involving systematic engagement with participants experiencing musculoskeletal complaints can influence subsequent healthcare-seeking behaviour. Future research should address the influence of health literacy, health education, and healthcare provider recommendations on healthcare decisions during such research studies.
Effectiveness of telehealth in preventive care: a study protocol for a randomised controlled trial of tele-exercise programme involving older people with possible sarcopenia or at risk of fall
Authors: Chan Karly O. W. , Yuen Peter P. , Fong Ben Y. F. , Law Vincent T. S. , Ng Fowie S. F. , Fung Wilson C. P. , Ng Tommy K. C. , Cheung I. S.
Published: December 2023

Background

Continuous loss of muscle mass and strength are the consequences of the ageing process, which increase the risk of falls among older people. Falls can lead to severe consequences such as bone fractures and hampered physical and psychological well-being. Regular exercise is the key to reversing muscle atrophy and relieving sarcopenia. However, the frailty of older people and the recent COVID-19 pandemic may affect their confidence to leave home to attend classes in the community. A feasible and effective alternative should be explored.

Methods

The primary objective is to evaluate the effectiveness of tele-exercise (TE) in relation to physical functioning and exercise adherence among community-dwelling older people at risk of falls in comparison with a community-based group (CB). The secondary objective includes evaluating older people’s experience with tele-exercise, emphasizing their psychological welfare, social well-being, and acceptance of the telehealth approach. The design, conduct, and report follow the SPIRIT guidelines (Standard Protocol Items: recommended items to address in a Clinical Trial Protocol and Related Documents). Older people will be recruited from 10 local community centres in Hong Kong and randomly allocated into two groups. All participants will attend the exercise training 3 days per week for 3 months but the mode of delivery will differ, either online as the tele-exercise group (TE) or face-to-face as the community-based group (CB). The outcome measures include muscle strength, physical function, exercise adherence and dropout rate, psychological and social well-being will be assessed at the baseline, and the 3rd, 6th and 12th month. Some participants will be invited to attend focus group interviews to evaluate their overall experience of the tele-exercise training.

Discussion

Tele-exercise reduces the barriers to exercise, such as time constraints, inaccessibility to facilities, and the fear of frail older people leaving their homes. Promoting an online home-based exercise programme for older people can encourage them to engage in regular physical activity and increase their exercise adherence even when remaining at home. The use of telehealth can potentially result in savings in cost and time. The final findings will provide insights on delivering exercise via telehealth to older people and propose an exercise delivery and maintenance model for future practice.

Trial registration

Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (https://www.chictr.org.cn/hvshowprojectEN.html?id=219002&v=1.1), registration number: ChiCTR2200063370. Registered on 5 September 2022.
Association between low eosinophil count and acute bacterial infection, a prospective study in hospitalized older adults
Authors: Mésinèle Léa , Pujol Tom , Brunetti Nicoletta , Neiss Marie , Trivalle Christophe , Souques Cecile , Houenou-Quenum Nadège , Verdier Sébastien , Simon Pauline , Vetillard Anne-Laure , Houdre Julie , Collarino Rocco , Mary Morgane , Vidal Jean-Sébastien , Kahn Jean-Emmanuel , Guichardon Magali , Duron Emmanuelle , Baudouin Edouard
Published: December 2023

Background

The incidence of sepsis increases significantly with age, including a high incidence of bacterial infection in the old adults. Eosinopenia and the CIBLE score have been proposed in critically ill adults and in internal medicine wards. This study aimed to assess whether a low eosinophil count was associated with acute bacterial infection among hospitalized older adults, and to find the most efficient eosinophil count cut-off to differentiate acute bacterial infection from other inflammatory states.

Methods

This was a prospective study from July 2020 to July 2022 in geriatric wards of the University Paul Brousse Hospital (Villejuif, France) including patients aged of 75 y/o or over suffering from fever or biological inflammation. Acute bacterial infection was assessed using biological identification and/or clinical and radiological data.

Results

A total of 156 patients were included. Eighty-two (53%) patients suffered from acute bacterial infection (mean age (SD) 88.7 (5.9)). Low eosinophil count was independently associated with acute bacterial infection: OR [CI95%] 3.03 [1.04–9.37] and 6.08 [2.42–16.5] for eosinophil count 0–0.07 G/L and 0.07–0.172 G/L respectively (vs. eosinophil count > 0.172 G/L). Specificity and sensitivity for eosinophil count < 0.01 G/L and CIBLE score were 84%-49% and 72%-62%, respectively with equivalent AUCs (0.66 and 0.67).

Conclusion

Eosinophil count < 0.01 G/L is a simple, routinely used and inexpensive tool which can easily participate in antibiotic decisions for older adults. Further studies are needed to assess clinical benefits.

Trial registration

The study was registered at Clinical trial.gov (NCT04363138–23/04/2020).
Mini-open compared with the trans-tubular approach in patients with spinal metastases underwent decompression surgery---a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Cui Yunpeng , Mi Chuan , Wang Bing , Pan Yuanxing , Lin Yunfei , Shi Xuedong
Published: December 2023

Background

This study aimed to evaluate the perioperative safety and efficacy of the Mini-open and trans-tubular approach in patients with spinal metastases who underwent decompression surgery.

Methods

37 consecutive patients with spinal metastases who underwent decompression surgery through a Mini-open or trans-tubular approach were retrospectively reviewed between June 2017 and June 2022. Thirty-four patients were included in this study. 19 underwent decompression surgery through the Mini-open approach, and 15 underwent the Trans-tubular approach. T-test and chi-square test were used to evaluate the difference between baseline data and primary and secondary outcomes.

Results

Baseline characteristics did not differ significantly between Trans-tubular and Mini-open groups except for the Ambulatory status (P < 0.001). There was no significant difference in blood loss between the two groups (P = 0.061). Operative time, intraoperative blood transfusion, intraoperative complication (dural tear), and postoperative hospitalization were comparable in the two groups (P > 0.05). The trans-tubular group had significantly less amount of postoperative drainage (133.5 ± 30.9 ml vs. 364.5 ± 64.2 ml, p = 0.003), and the time of drainage (3.1 ± 0.2 days vs. 4.6 ± 0.5 days, p = 0.019) compared with Mini-open group (P < 0.05). Sub-group analysis showed that for patients with hypo-vascular tumors, the Trans-tubular group had significantly less blood loss than the Mini-open group (951.1 ± 171.7 ml vs. 1599.1 ± 105.7 ml, P = 0.026).

Conclusions

Decompression through Mini-open or Trans-tubular was safe and effective for patients with spinal metastases. The trans-tubular approach might be more suitable for patients with hypo-vascular tumors.