bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Permasalahan Pendaftaran dan Penetapan Cagar Budaya di Tingkat Pemerintah Daerah; Kinerja Program Pendukungan Pendaftaran dan Penetapan Cagar Budaya Direktorat Pelestarian Cagar Budaya dan Permuseuman Hingga September 2016
Authors: Pasaribu Yosua Adrian
Published: July 2019

Undang-Undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2010 tentang Cagar Budaya mengamanatkan Pemerintah Kabupaten/Kota untuk melaksanakan pendaftaran dan penetapan cagar budaya. Dalam rangka implementasi peraturan tersebut, Pemerintah Pusat melalui Direktorat Pelestarian Cagar Budaya dan Permuseuman, Direktorat Jenderal Kebudayaan, Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan melaksanakan program pendukungan pendaftaran dan penetapan cagar budaya kepada Pemerintah Kabupaten/Kota dan Provinsi sejak tahun 2013 September 2016. Program tersebut telah menghasilkan 274 Tim Pendaftaran Cagar Budaya (50%), 39 orang kandidat Tim Ahli Cagar Budaya (7%), dan 33 orang Tim Ahli Cagar Budaya yang bersertifikat (6%). Artikel ini melihat pencapaian pendaftaran dan penetapan cagar budaya, permasalahan, dan usulan solusi pemecahan masalah tersebut.
Cyber Arkeologi Dalam Komunikasi Arkeologi Kepada Publik Sebagai Sarana Pelestarian Cagar Budaya
Authors: Amril Fauzan
Published: July 2019

Masalah yang dibahas dalam tulisan ini adalah mengenai penyebaran informasi mengenai arkeologi yang masih sangat terbatas. Untuk itu diperlukan saluran-saluran atau media-media komunikasi yang dapat menjangkau kepada seluas mungkin lapisan masyarakat. Dengan mempelajari bentuk-bentuk komunikasi yang telah dilakukan, dalam tulisan ini bermaksud untuk memberikan alternatif terhadap model komunikasi, dalam hal ini berupa cyber-arkeologi yaitu berkomunikasi melalui dunia maya. Penyebaran informasi atau berkomunikasi melalui dunia maya diharapkan dapat menjangkau lebih luas lagi publik yang membacanya sehingga masyarakat pun memahami tentang nilai penting yang terkandung di dalam kebudayaan yang mereka miliki, yang pada akhirnya pula dapat membawa masyarakat terlibat dalam upaya pengelolaan dan pelestariannya.
EFEKTIVITAS EDTA DALAM MEMBERSIHKAN LAPISAN KERAK PADA CAGAR BUDAYA BERBAHAN BATU
Authors: Swastikawati Ari , Ekarini Fr Dian , Wahyuni Sri
Published: July 2019

Candi-candi di Indonesia umumnya terletak di kawasan yang terbuka sehingga sangat terpengaruh dengan kondisi cuaca dan iklim sekitarnya. yang dapat memicu kerusakan dan pelapukan batu candi. Efek lingkungan yang sering ditemukan adalah mbulnya lapisan-lapisan kerak pada permukaan batu candi yang menutupi batu, yang dapat berupa endapan garam yang berwarna putih, maupun lumut (moss), algae (ganggang) dan lichen (jamur kerak). Kajian ini dilakukan dalam rangka untuk mencari metode yang tepat untuk membersihkan lapisan-lapisan kerak yang ada pada permukaan batu candi sehingga kelestariannya dapat terjaga. Metode pembersihan yang dilakukan adalah dengan menggunakan larutan EDTA (ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid) dengan berbagai konsentrasi untuk menentukan konsentrasi yang paling efektif untuk membersihkan lapisan kerak serta menentukan lamanya waktu kontak. Berdasarkan hasil kajian diperoleh data bahwa konsentrasi EDTA dan lamanya waktu kontak tidak berpengaruh terhadap tingkat kalarutan lapisan kerak yang ada di Candi Borobudur, Candi Mendut dan Candi Kalasan. Konsentrasi larutan EDTA 3-5% dengan waktu kontak 24 jam paling efektif melarutkan kalsium (Ca), magnesium (Mg) pada candi Kalasan dan Mendut, serta besi (Fe) dan tembaga (Cu) pada lapisan kerak di Candi Kalasan. Sementara itu, di lapisan kerak Candi Mendut larut maksimal dalam EDTA 15% waktu kontak 24 jam. Ca, Mg, Fe dan Cu pada lapisan kerak Candi Borobudur dapat larut secara maksimal dalam larutan EDTA dengan konsentrasi 10% dengan kontak waktu 24 jam. Dari analisis EDS (energy dispersive spectroscopy) komposisi lapisan kerak terdiri dari unsur logam dan non logam. Larutan EDTA hanya mampu melarutkan unsur logam dengan tingkat kelarutan yang sangat rendah, sedangkan unsur non logam tidak larut. Secara umum metode ini belum efektif untuk membersihkan lapisan kerak yang menempel pada batu candi.
Pelindungan Cagar Budaya Bawah Air dalam Kajian Analisis Hukum
Authors: Mufsi Batubara Asyhadi
Published: July 2019

Hasil penelitian UNESCO menyebutkan bahwa terdapat � 3000 situs kapal karam di perairan Indonesia. Pernyataan ini juga diperkuat oleh posisi strategis negara kepulauan Indonesia yang berada pada jalur persilangan dua benua dan dua samudera, sehingga sejak dahulu telah berperan sebagai jalur perdagangan internasional yang ramai dilayari. Kondisi dan potensi ini merupakan berkah sekaligus menjadi masalah. Kasus pencurian benda muatan kapal tenggelam (BMKT) di perairan Indonesia telah berlangsung sejak awal perkembangan arkeologi bawah laut di era 70-an, dan masih berlangsung hingga saat ini. Melihat potensi dan permasalahan cagar budaya bawah air yang semakin menghawatirkan, maka sangat diperlukan landasan hukum yang kuat untuk melindunginya. Ketika hukum dan perundangan cagar budaya bawah air tidak cukup kuat untuk melindunginya, maka Indonesia yang kaya benda cagar budaya bawah air akan kehilangan banyak data sejarah. Tulisan ini akan mengulas undang-undang yang terkait dengan cagar budaya bawah air dan menawarkan beberapa poin kritik yang dapat dijadikan acuan dalam merevisi undang-undang tersebut.
MAĞDURİYETİN GİDERİLMESİ AÇISINDAN UZLAŞTIRMA KURUMU İLE MAĞDUR HAKLARI TASARISININ İNCELENMESİ
Authors: GÜNGÖR Mümin
Published: July 2019

21.yüzyılda
hakim olan ceza adaleti sistemi, failin cezalandırılırken suç mağdurlarının ortaya
çıkan mağduriyetlerinin giderilmesi anlayışını ön planda tutan bir sistemdir.
Var olan ceza adaleti sistemine hakim olan bu anlayış, onarıcı adalet anlayışıdır.
Bu anlayışın en temel gayelerinden birisi, işlenen suçtan dolayı sanığın devlet tarafından
cezalandırılmasının yeterli görülmeyerekten, mağdurun veya suçtan zarar görenin
zararının giderilmesidir. Bu anlayışın hakim olduğu devletlerin ceza
sistemlerinde,
bu anlayış esasına göre bir çok düzenlemeler, kurumlar bulunmaktadır. Onarıcı
adalet anlayışının etkisinde kalan ülkelerden birisi olarak Türk Ceza Sistemi de
bu alanda gereken kurumların oluşturulmasına ve düzenlemelerin getirilmesine
tanıklık eden bir sistemdir. Bu yönde getirilen kurumlardan uzlaştırma kurumu
ile mağdur hakları tasarısı da birkaçından birisidir. Bu mevzuu da Türk Ceza
Muhakemesi  Hukukunda yer alan uzlaştırma kurumu, hem kamu hem özel hukuk ile ilgili olan
uyuşmazlıkların giderilmesinde alternatif çözüm yöntemi olarak Türk Ceza
Sistemine tezahür eden onarıcı adalet anlayışının önemli bir yansımasıdır. Uzlaştırma
kurumu Türk  mevzuatına 2005 yılında
getirilmiştir. Şuan itibariyle esasen sistemin önemli araçlarından birisi
konumundadır. Onarıcı adalet anlayışının kazandırdığı en önemli bir diğer
hususta doğrudan mağdurlar haklarına yönelik ve mağduriyetlerinin doğrudan
giderilmesi yönünde mevzuat bulunmasını sağlamasıdır. Bu yönde ülkemizde bir
çok defa tasarı aşamasında kalan mağdur haklarına ilişkin çalışmalar
yapılmıştır. Bu çalışmalardan en önemlisi ve kanunlaşma evresinde olan 2017 tarihli
mağdur hakları tasarısıdır. Bu tasarı ile devletin korumasız bıraktığı mağdurların
yine devlet tarafından doğrudan korunması, mağduriyetlerinin giderilmesi sağlanmaktır.
YAPAY ZEKANIN HUKUKİ STATÜSÜ VE HUKUKİ KİŞİLİĞİ ÜZERİNE TARTIŞMALAR
Authors: KARA KILIÇARSLAN Seda
Published: July 2019

﻿Yapay zeka kavramı, teknolojinin ilerlemesiyle giderek insan hayatının vazgeçilmez bir parçası haline gelmektedir. Öyle ki, otomobillerin abs sistemlerinde, bilgisayarların arama motorlarında, akıllı telefonlarda, akıllı ev ve ofislerde yapay zeka ile karşılaşmak mümkün. Kavramın hayatımıza dahil olması ve giderek daha da gelişecek olması sebebiyle, insana özgü yetenekleri olan ve daha da otonom olan varlıkları, göz ardı ederek karşılaşacak sorunlara çözüm bulmak mümkün görünmemektedir. Hukuki düzenlemelerin gecikmeksizin yerine getirilmesi zaruridir. Bu noktada yapay zeka varlıklar bakımından, çalışmamızın konusu olan hukuki statüleri ve bu statü bağlamında hukuki sorumlulukları ivedilikle netlik kazanmalıdır. Böylece yapay zekanın hayatımızın hangi alanında var olacağı, diğer taraftan hangi alan içerisine dahil edilmeyeceği, başka bir deyişle yapay zekanın hukuki manada durumu açıklığa kavuşmalıdır.Bu bağlamda öğretide yapay zeka varlıkların hukuki statüsü üzerine ileri sürülen görüşler oldukça dikkat çekicidir. Bilhassa Avrupa Parlementosu’nun sunmuş olduğu raporda, yapay zeka varlıklar için “elektronik kişilik” statüsü önerisi incelemeye değerdir. Önerinin özü gerçek kişi ve tüzel kişi dışında, yeni bir tür olan elektronik kişiliğin verilmesi düşüncesidir. Bu çerçevede rapor yapay zeka varlığa yönelik kişilik statüsünü öneren ilk resmi belgedir. Aslında elektronik kişilik önerisi de yapay zeka varlıkların sui generis durumlarına uygun bir öneridir. Benzer biçimde raporda yapay zeka varlıklar için hukuki sorumluluk da önerilmiştir. Bununla birlikte öğretide, yapay zeka varlıklara yönelik, “tüzel kişilik” ve “insan olmayan kişi” kavramlarının kullanılması fikirleri de ileri sürülmüştür. Ne var ki, bu görüşlerin her biri ayrıntılı olarak irdelenmeli, doğurabileceği avantaj ve sakıncalar göz önünde bulundurularak, hukuki bağlamda oluşabilecek her türlü handikapa yönelik, çözüm sunacak, en elverişli yol seçilmelidir.
DROMOLOGI BERITA DAN PRAGMATISME VIDEO JURNALIS (Praktik Dromoligi Video Jurnalis Televisi di Indonesia)
Authors: Imawan Khaerudin
Published: July 2019

Abstrak Dalam rangka mengejar kecepatan berita dromologi praktek televisi berita menjadi suatu keharusan sebagai pesatnya perkembangan teknologi dan produk audio perangkat visual. Kompetisi Media membutuhkan kecepatan berita secara langsung. Mengacu pada pandangan Paulus Virilo tentang dromologi, dengan internet kecepatan tinggi dan adanya berbagai aplikasi smartphone, fasilitas video, panggilan video dan teknologi skype mengalir dapat memanfaatkan cara produksi berita Video Wartawan menjadi lebih pendek dan bahkan menghilangkan waktu dan ruang. Meskipun Jurnalis Video dianggap sering mengabaikan ideal dan kadang-kadang risiko kualitas berita itu sendiri. Permintaan untuk kecepatan dalam memproduksi bahan berita, juga membuat Video Wartawan berpikir pragmatis. KataKunci: Video Jurnalis, Dromologi, Paul Virilio, kompresi Waktu.  Abstract In order to pursue speed news, dromology news television practice becomes a necessity as the rapid development of technology and audiovisual device products. The media competition requires fast live news. Referring to Paul Virilo's view of dromology, with the high-speed internet and the presence of a variety of smartphone apps, streaming video facilities, video calls and Skype technology are able to compress the way news productions of Video Journalists become shorter and even eliminate time and space. Although Video Journalists are considered often ignore the ideal and sometimes risk the quality of the news itself. The demand for speed in producing news material, also makes Video Journalists think pragmatic. Key Word: Video Jurnalis, Dromology, Paul Virilio, Kompresi Waktu.
KAJIAN JURNALISTIK DENGAN METODE EDFAT STUDI KASUS FOTO PILKADA 2015 HARIAN SUARA MERDEKA
Authors: Gardianto Gilang Rizky , Setyanto Daniar Wikan
Published: July 2019

AbstrakFotografi Jurnalistik merupakan salah satu elemen dalam surat kabar yang memancingpembaca untuk membaca keseluruhan berita. Jurnalis foto memiliki peranan penting dalammembuat sebuah foto yang layak ditampilkan dan dapat memberikan gambaran kejadian dilapangan pada pembaca. Metode EDFAT membantu para jurnalis foto mendapatkan sebuahfoto yang bernilai berita. Secara teori memang metode EDFAT mencangkup semua hal yangdibutuhkan bagi para jurnalis foto untuk menghasilkan foto berita, namun ketika di lapangan para fotografer belum tentu menggunakan metode ini secara maksimal. Data yang akan diteliti merupakan foto-foto pilkada 2015 di harian Suara Merdeka. Foto-foto Pilkada 2015 yangterdapat pada Suara Merdeka semenjak masa kampanye sampai hari pelantikan dikumpulkan.8 foto dipilih dan dikaji menggunakan metode EDFAT untuk mengetahui seberapa efektifmetode tersebut dalam praktikum lapangan.Kata kunci : EDFAT,  Fotografi, Fotografi Jurnalistik, Pilkada 2015AbstractPhotography journalistic is one element in newspapers makes us read the whole news.Photojournalist crucial make a photograph worth displayed and can provide an illustrationscene to readers. A method of EDFAT help the photojournalist get a photograph worth news.In theory is a method of EDFAT containing all needed to the photojournalist to producingphotographs news, But when they experience a in the field photographers are not necessarilyuse this method to maximum efficiency. The data would check is photographs election 2015in the Suara Merdeka Newspaper. Photographs election 2015 that is at the Suara MerdekaNewspaper since campaign period until the day of the inauguration collected. 8 photo chosenand examined uses the method edfat to know how effective this method in work field.Keywords : Photography, journalistic, election 2015
PENGARUH CUSTOMER ENGAGEMENT TERHADAP MINAT MEMBACA SUARA MERDEKA OLEH KOMUNITAS
Authors: Tunggal Immanuel Dwi Asmoro
Published: July 2019

AbstrakIndustri media massa, khususnya media cetak kini semakin menghadapi tantangan yangberagam. Tantangan tidak hanya datang dari sesama media cetak, tetapi juga dari jenis mediayang lain. Salah satunya adalah tantangan dari kehadiran media online yang telah mengubahkebiasaan masyarakat dalam menggunakan media. Suara Merdeka sebagai surat kabar tertuadi Jawa Tengah, menjalankan strategi komunikasi dengan komunitas – komunitas yang ada diJawa Tengah. Suara Merdeka berusaha mendekatkan diri dengan komunitas melalui kegiatandengan komunitas secara berkala dan melalui akun instagram. Penelitian ini ditujukan untukmelihat sebarapa jauh pengaruh Customer Engagement terhadap Minat Membaca. Penelitianini menggunakan teori Hierarchy of Effect Model. Sampel yang digunakan adalah 94 orang yangberasal dari 19 komunitas yang berbeda. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah terdapat hubunganyang positif dan pengaruh yang signifikan antara Customer Engagement terhadap MinatMembaca.Kata kunci: Media Massa, Customer Engagament, Minat MembacaAbstractMass media industry, especially printed media today has to face many threatens, not only fromthe same type of media but also from other types such as online media. As the oldest newspaperin Centra Java which has to face this threatens, Suara Merdeka arranged a communicationstrategy. This communication strategy uses social media such as instagram and some activitiesto embrace communities who live in Central Java, especially in Semarang. These tools was usedfor make a customer engagement with communities. The aim of this research was purposedto see how far the effect of customer engagement on reading interest. This research usesHierarchy of Effect Model. Sample of this research was 94 people who were from 19 differentcommunities. The result of this research that there is a positive relationship and significanteffect between customer engagement on reading interest.Keywords: customer engagement, Reading Interest.
Heliophysics: from observations to models and applications
Authors: Kuznetsov V D , Osin A I
Published: July 2019

Study of the physical phenomena and processes on the Sun and in the heliosphere, a natural plasma laboratory, is based on near-earth and space-based observations and building models which help to obtain a general view of how the Sun was made and how it works, while allowing one to address the practical problems of solar activity influencing space weather and its impact on various areas of human activity. In this paper a brief outline is given of the models of trigger mechanisms driving the most powerful manifestations of solar activity — solar flares and mass ejections, the wave mechanism of solar corona heating. Also, analytical solutions are presented for MHD shock waves in solar wind collisionless plasma with heat fluxes.
Interaction of a wave with an accelerating object and the equivalence principle
Authors: Frank A I
Published: July 2019

The paper presents a new view of the so-called accelerating matter effect. It was stated earlier that the effect is optical by its nature and its essence is the change in the frequency of a wave transmitted through a refractive sample which is moving with acceleration. But as follows from a simple consideration based on the equivalence principle, the opinion on the relation of the effect only with the phenomenon of refraction is unjustifiably narrow, and the change in frequency must appear during scattering by any object moving with acceleration. Such an object may be an elementary scatterer or any device which transmits a narrow band signal.
MOBİL ALIŞVERİŞTE, AĞIZDAN AĞZA PAZARLAMANIN VE TÜKETİCİ MEMNUNİYETİNİN YAŞA GÖRE ETKİSİ
Authors: AK Ayşe Ece
Published: July 2019

Türkiye’de 1990’lı yıllarda çok sınırlı alanda kullanılan İnternet zaman içerisinde yaygınlaşmaya başlamış, günümüzde ise günlük hayatın bir parçası haline gelmiştir. Önceki dönemlerde internete erişmek için kişisel dijital yardımcılar, masaüstü ve dizüstü bilgisayarlar kullanılırken günümüzde akıllı telefonlar ve tabletler üzerinden de internete erişim sağlanmaktadır. Bunun yanı sıra, internetin yeniçağı şeklinde tanımlanan Web 2.0, tüketiciler için onların yeni içerikler üretebilecekleri platformlar sunmuştur. Tüketiciler bu platformlarda çeşitli konularla ilgili bilgi paylaşarak, birbiriyle etkileşimde bulunmaya başlamışlardır. Böylece ağızdan ağza pazarlama (Word of Mouth Marketing-WOMM) online platformlara taşınmış; tüketicilerin ürünler ve markalarla ilgili konuşup, tecrübelerini paylaştıkları bir mecra meydana gelmiştir. Bu çalışmada mobil alışverişte, ağızdan ağza pazarlamanın ve tüketici memnuniyetinin yaşa göre etkisi incelenmiştir. Çalışmada girişten sonra ilk kısımda, literatür çalışmasına ve metodolojiye yer verilmiş, teorik altyapı incelenmiştir. İkinci kısımda, mobil alışverişte, ağızdan ağza pazarlamanın ve tüketici memnuniyetinin yaşa göre etkisinin incelendiği araştırmanın bulgularına yer verilmiştir. Sonuç bölümünde ise bulgular tartışılmıştır. Mobil alışverişte, ağızdan ağza pazarlama ve memnuniyet arasındaki ilişki ve ilişkiyi etkileyen faktörler tanımlanmıştır. Değişkenler arasındaki ilişkiyi ölçerken örnek alışveriş sitesi olarak Türkiye’de en çok tercih edilen ve güvenilir olan 5 alışveriş sitesi ‘Hepsiburada.com, Trendyol, Morhipo, AliExpress, n11.com’ seçilmiştir (https://www.twentify.com). Çalışmanın sonucunda bulguların değerlendirilmesiyle birlikte; mobil alışverişte, ağızdan ağza pazarlamanın ve tüketici memnuniyetinin etkisinin yaşa göre farklılık gösterdiği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır
DUYGUSAL ZEKÂNIN TÜKETİCİ ETİK DAVRANIŞLARI ÜZERİNDEKİ ROLÜNE İLİŞKİN BİR ARAŞTIRMA
Authors: CAN Polat , ÖZDEMİR Özden
Published: July 2019

Bireysel ve toplumsal farkındalığa ve duyguların ifadesine olanak tanıyan duygusal zekâ, yaşamın birçok alanında büyük önem arz etmektedir. Tüketici değerlendirmelerinde ve tercih aşamalarında aktif rol oynayan duygusal zekâ etik olgusuyla paralel hareket etmektedir ve ulaştığı sonuçlar etik kurallara dayalıdır. Yaşanılan toplumda tüketici perspektifinden bakıldığında da duygusal zekâ, tüketicilerin karar alma davranışı geliştirmesinde ve karar alırken etik kuralları göz önünde bulundurmasında aktif bir rol oynamaktadır. Tüketicilerin alternatif değerlendirme ve seçim yapması hem kendisi hem de diğer bireyleri etkileyecek kararlar alırken duygusal zekâsını kullanmasına ve etik kurallara dayalı davranışlarda bulunmasına bağlıdır. Çalışmada duygu ve zekâ kavramı kapsamında duygusal zekâ ele alınırken, etik ve tüketici etiği kavramları ile birlikte değerlendirilmeye çalışılmıştır. Uygulama kısmında ise duygusal zekânın tüketici etik davranışı üzerindeki etkileri konusunda anket yöntemi ile elde edilen veriler analiz edilerek çalışmaya eklenmiştir. Araştırmaya Ankara’da ilinde ikamet eden ve farklı sektörlerde çalışan, 18 yaş üzeri toplam 400 katılımcı dahil edilmiştir. Katılımcılara Ocak- Mart 2019 tarihleri arasında bir anket çalışması uygulanmıştır. Araştırmada kullanılan anketin ilk bölümü duygusal zekâ düzeyini belirleyen toplam 35 sorudan oluşmaktadır. İkinci bölümde, tüketicilerin etik davranışını belirleyen toplam 21 soru yer almaktadır. Üçüncü bölümde ise toplam 6 soruluk demografik bilgiler bulunmaktadır. Katılımcıların duygusal zekâ ve tüketici etik davranışı ile ilgili yargılara katılım düzeyleri 5’li likert ölçeği (5= Tamamen katılıyorum, 1= Kesinlikle katılmıyorum) ile ölçülmüştür. Verilerin analizi için SPSS 22 paket istatistik programı ve doğrulayıcı faktör analizi için AMOS 23 programından yararlanılmıştır. Çalışmanın uygulama kısmında elde edilen bulgulara genel boyutta bakıldığında, duygusal zekâ boyutları ile tüketici etik davranışları arasında anlamlı bir ilişkinin var olduğu bulgusu elde edilmiştir. Tüketici etik değerleri üzerinde duygusal zekâ yaklaşımının önemli oranda etkiye sahip olduğu ifade edilebilir. İnsanı diğer canlılardan ayıran temel özelliklerinden olan duyguları, zekâ ile birleşerek daha fonksiyonel hale geldiği ve duygusal zekâ boyutu ile tüketimde etik yaklaşım yapısı üzerinde olumlu katkı sağladığı gözlemlenmiştir.
Solution of Nonlinear Systems of Equations via Metaheuristics
Authors: Pant Sangeeta , Kumar Anuj , Ram Mangey
Published: July 2019

A framework devoted to the solution of nonlinear systems of equations using grey wolf optimization algorithm (GWO) and a multi-objective particle swarm optimization algorithm (MOPSO) is presented in this work. Due to several numerical issues and very high computational complexity, it is hard to find the solution of such a complex nonlinear system of equations. It then explains that the problem of solution to a system of nonlinear equations can be simplified by viewing it as an optimization problem and solutions can be obtained by applying a nature inspired optimization technique. The results achieved are compared with classical as well as new techniques established in the literature. The proposed framework also seems to be very effective for the problems of system of non-linear equations arising in the various fields of science. For this purpose, the problem of neurophysiology application and the problem of combustion of hydrocarbons are considered for testing. Empirical results show that the presented framework is bright to deal with the high dimensional equations system.
Balancing Reliability and Cost in Cloud-RAID Systems with Fault-Level Coverage
Authors: Mandava Lavanya , Xing Liudong
Published: July 2019

Based on redundancy techniques, cloud-RAIDs (Redundant Array of Independent Disks) offer an effective storage solution to achieve high data reliability. Their performance however can be greatly hindered by the fault-level coverage (FLC) behavior, where an uncovered disk fault may crash the entire system in spite of adequate redundancy remaining. Moreover, different choices of cloud disk providers lead to designs with different overall reliability and cost. Thus, in this paper we formulate and solve optimization problems, which determine the combination of cloud disks (from different providers) maximizing the cloud-RAID system reliability or minimizing the total cost. The cloud-RAID reliability is analyzed using a combinatorial and analytical modeling method while considering effects of the FLC behavior. Multiple case studies are performed to demonstrate the considered optimization problems and proposed solution methodology.
About Scaling of Controlling Information System of Industrial Complex by Streamlining of Big Data Arrays in Compliance with Hierarchy of the Present Lifeworlds
Authors: Reut D. , Falko S. , Postnikova E.
Published: July 2019

This article discusses the problem of scaling the control information system. Some new type of horizontal scaling of big data array is offered. It consists in structuring of this array in compliance with hierarchy of lifeworlds (Lebenswelt), which become distinguishable in the paradigm of large-scale system. Processes of the "lower" lifeworlds can be so slow that won't be caught by strategic analysis and design instruments of "top" lifeworlds. However, these processes can give some delayed cumulative effect called "black swan effect". The complex formation algorithms recreating the logic of the interconnection of industrial enterprise subsystems are presented. The bases of the choice of temporary horizon extension for large-scale system strategic planning are given.
Assessment of Indoor Air Quality in Buildings using CFD: A Brief Review
Authors: Shree Venu , Marwaha Bhanu M. , Awasthi Pamita
Published: July 2019

The building provides shelter to live and most people spend their 85-90% time indoors. Therefore, it is quite important to ensure that the condition of the indoor environment is healthy for its living being. There are a number of methods to evaluate indoor air pollution of built spaces by performing experiments or doing it computationally. In this study, a review of computational studies carried out to evaluate the impact of different parameters like airflow pattern, indoor and outdoor contaminant concentrations etc., on indoor air quality (IAQ) of different type of buildings was done. Some commonly used software’s for the study of IAQ were also discussed.
ACOCA: Ant Colony Optimization Based Clustering Algorithm for Big Data Preprocessing
Authors: Singh Neelam , Singh Devesh Pratap , Pant Bhasker
Published: July 2019

Big Data is rapidly gaining impetus and is attracting a community of researchers and organization from varying sectors due to its tremendous potential. Big Data is considered as a prospective raw material to acquire domain specific knowledge to gain insights related to management, planning, forecasting and security etc. Due to its inherent characteristics like capacity, swiftness, genuineness and diversity Big Data hampers the efficiency and effectiveness of search and leads to optimization problems. In this paper we explore the complexity imposed by big search spaces leading to optimization issues. In order to overcome the above mentioned issues we propose a hybrid algorithm for Big Data preprocessing ACO-clustering algorithm approach. The proposed algorithm can help to increase search speed by optimizing the process. As the proposed method using ant colony optimization with clustering algorithm it will also contribute to reducing pre-processing time and increasing analytical accuracy and efficiency.
Investigation of a Morphing Wing Capable of Airfoil and Span Adjustment Using a Retractable Folding Mechanism
Authors: Geva Amit , Abramovich Haim , Arieli Rimon
Published: July 2019

The presented aircraft is capable of alternating between two singular working points by folding the exterior surfaces of the wing underneath the interior surfaces. This allows for a significant change in wingspan, lift surfaces, aspect ratio and airfoil (camber and thickness). The motivation for this type of morphing is twofold: The increase in wingspan due to unfolding, results in an increased endurance of the aircraft, while the opposite process, which eliminates the camber of the airfoil and reduces the moment of inertia, is translated into improved manoeuvre capabilities. An analysis was performed to assess the additional endurance gained by the morphing capabilities, factoring in a spectrum of aircraft geometries and flight missions. It was concluded that this morphing concept can, in theory, improve the endurance up to 50% compared to the standard counterparts. The penalty due to the additional weight of the morphing mechanism was factored in, which had an adverse effect on the endurance improvement. The concept also calls for unique airfoil selection process. Selecting a proper airfoil for either working point, results in irregular airfoil geometry upon morphing. The two possibilities were subjected to analysis and wind tunnel testing.
Development and Evaluation of an Emitter with a Low-Pressure Drip-Irrigation System for Sustainable Eggplant Production
Authors: Sarker Khokan Kumer , Hossain Akbar , Murad Khandakar Faisal Ibn , Biswas Sujit Kumar , Akter Farzana , Rannu Rahena Parvin , Moniruzzaman Mohammad , Karim Nazmun Nahar , Timsina Jagadish
Published: July 2019

Drip-irrigation can improve uniformity in water distribution, water use efficiency, and crop productivity in the saline and nonsaline regions of South Asia and in Bangladesh where the availability and quality of water resources are scare for sustainable crop production. However, the currently available drip-irrigation systems (DIS) have limitations especially in the design and field performance of emitters. A new type of emitter with low pressure (gravity) was developed, installed and evaluated using the locally produced materials in two locations (nonsaline and saline zones) of Bangladesh. The emitter discharge rate was measured for the variable operating heads of 1.5, 2, and 2.5 meter (m) with 0%, 1%, and 1.5% slopes with eggplant (Solanum melongena L.), a commonly grown vegetable in the region. The tested parameters of the emitter were manufacturer coefficient of variation (CVm), emission uniformity (EU), coefficient of uniformity (CU), and the statistical uniformity (Us) of water application. Our results reveal that the discharge rates of the emitter varied from 3 to 5 L h−1 under the operating head of 1.5 to 2.5 m with the slope of 0–1.5%, with better performance of the DIS at 2 m operating pressure head and for slopes of 0% and 1%. The CU of all the test parameters was more than 80%, implying that the DIS was designed and installed with appropriate dimensions for the efficient application and distribution of water to the individual plants, with the emitter performance classified as fair to excellent considering water application and distribution, as well as crop yield. The new emitter used for DIS in field conditions showed that the eggplant yield, water use, and water productivity were greater by 4.6%, 38%, and 70%, respectively, compared to farmers’ irrigation practice. We conclude that the DIS has a great prospect to save water, and could be a convenient irrigation water application method for sustainable crop production in saline and nonsaline regions of Bangladesh and similar soil and climatic conditions in South Asia.
Finite Element Modelling Simulated Meniscus Translocation and Deformation during Locomotion of the Equine Stifle
Authors: Zellmann Pasquale , Ribitsch Iris , Handschuh Stephan , Peham Christian
Published: July 2019

We developed a finite element model (FEM) of the equine stifle joint to identify pressure peaks and simulate translocation and deformation of the menisci. A series of sectional magnetic resonance images (1.5 T) of the stifle joint of a 23 year old Shetland pony gelding served as basis for image segmentation. Based on the 3D polygon models of femur, tibia, articular cartilages, menisci, collateral ligaments and the meniscotibial ligaments, an FEM model was generated. Tissue material properties were assigned based on data from human (Open knee(s) project) and bovine femoro-tibial joint available in the literature. The FEM model was tested across a range of motion of approximately 30°. Pressure load was overall higher in the lateral meniscus than in the medial. Accordingly, the simulation showed higher translocation and deformation in the lateral compared to the medial meniscus. The results encourage further refinement of this model for studying loading patterns on menisci and articular cartilages as well as the resulting mechanical stress in the subchondral bone (femur and tibia). A functional FEM model can not only help identify segments in the stifle which are predisposed to injury, but also to better understand the progression of certain stifle disorders, simulate treatment/surgery effects and to optimize implant/transplant properties.
Nutrition Related Stress Factors Reduce the Transfer of Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase Resistance Genes between an Escherichia coli Donor and a Salmonella Typhimurium Recipient In Vitro
Authors: Saliu Eva-Maria , Eitinger Marita , Zentek Jürgen , Vahjen Wilfried
Published: July 2019

The transfer of extended spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-genes occurs frequently between different bacteria species. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of nutrition related stress factors on this transfer. Thus, an Escherichia coli donor and a Salmonella Typhimurium recipient were co-incubated for 4 h in media containing different levels of the stress factors’ pH, osmolality, copper, zinc and acetic, propionic, lactic, and n-butyric acid, as well as subtherapeutic levels of cefotaxime, sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim, and nitrofurantoin. Conjugation frequencies were calculated as transconjugants per donor, recipient, and total bacterial count. A correction factor for the stress impact on bacterial growth was used. Acetic, lactic, and n-butyric, acid, as well as pH, showed no significant impact. In contrast, increasing concentrations of propionate, zinc, copper, and nitrofurantoin, as well as increased osmolality reduced conjugation frequencies. Sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim and cefotaxime showed increased transconjugants per donor, which decreased after correction for stress. This study showed, for the model mating pair, that conjugation frequencies decreased under different physiological stress conditions, and, thus, the hypothesis that stress factors may enhance conjugation should be viewed with caution. Furthermore, for studies on in vitro gene transfer, it is vital to consider the impact of studied stressors on bacterial growth.
An Optimized HT-Based Method for the Analysis of Inter-Area Oscillations on Electrical Systems
Authors: Bonavolontà Francesco , Di Noia Luigi Pio , Lauria Davide , Liccardo Annalisa , Tessitore Salvatore
Published: July 2019

The paper deals with a novel method to measure inter-area oscillations, i.e., electromechanical oscillations involving groups of generators geographically distant from one another and ranging within the frequency interval from 0.1 Hz up to 1 Hz. The estimation of the parameters characterizing inter-area oscillations is a crucial objective in order to take the necessary actions to avoid the instability of the transmission electrical system. The proposed approach is a signal-based method, which uses samples of electrical signals acquired by the phasor measurement unit (PMU) and processes them to extract the individual oscillations and, for each of them, determine their characteristic parameters such as frequency and damping. The method is based on Hilbert transformations, but it is optimized through further algorithms aiming at (i) improving the ability to separate different oscillatory components, even at frequencies very close to each other, (ii) enhancing the accuracy associated with the damping estimates of each oscillation, and (iii) increasing the robustness to the noise affecting the acquired signal. Results obtained in the presence of signals involving the composition of two oscillations, whose damping and frequency have been varied, are presented. Tests were conducted with signals either synthesized in simulated experiment or generated and acquired with actual laboratory instrumentation.
Granular Sludge Bed Processes in Anaerobic Digestion of Particle-Rich Substrates
Authors: Tassew Fasil Ayelegn , Bergland Wenche Hennie , Dinamarca Carlos , Kommedal Roald , Bakke Rune
Published: July 2019

Granular sludge bed (GSB) anaerobic digestion (AD) is a well-established method for efficient wastewater treatment, limited, however, by the wastewater particle content. This review is carried out to investigate how and to what extent feed particles influence GSB to evaluate the applicability of GSB to various types of slurries that are abundantly available. Sludge bed microorganisms evidently have mechanisms to retain feed particles for digestion. Disintegration and hydrolysis of such particulates are often the rate-limiting steps in AD. GSB running on particle-rich substrates and factors that affect these processes are stdied especially. Disintegration and hydrolysis models are therefore reviewed. How particles may influence other key processes within GSB is also discussed. Based on this, limitations and strategies for effective digestion of particle-rich substrates in high-rate AD reactors are evaluated.
Systematic Integration of Energy-Optimal Buildings With District Networks
Authors: Suciu Raluca , Stadler Paul , Kantor Ivan , Girardin Luc , Maréchal François
Published: July 2019

The residential sector accounts for a large share of worldwide energy consumption, yet is difficult to characterise, since consumption profiles depend on several factors from geographical location to individual building occupant behaviour. Given this difficulty, the fact that energy used in this sector is primarily derived from fossil fuels and the latest energy policies around the world (e.g., Europe 20-20-20), a method able to systematically integrate multi-energy networks and low carbon resources in urban systems is clearly required. This work proposes such a method, which uses process integration techniques and mixed integer linear programming to optimise energy systems at both the individual building and district levels. Parametric optimisation is applied as a systematic way to generate interesting solutions for all budgets (i.e., investment cost limits) and two approaches to temporal data treatment are evaluated: monthly average and hourly typical day resolution. The city center of Geneva is used as a first case study to compare the time resolutions and results highlight that implicit peak shaving occurs when data are reduced to monthly averages. Consequently, solutions reveal lower operating costs and higher self-sufficiency scenarios compared to using a finer resolution but with similar relative cost contributions. Therefore, monthly resolution is used for the second case study, the whole canton of Geneva, in the interest of reducing the data processing and computation time as a primary objective of the study is to discover the main cost contributors. The canton is used as a case study to analyse the penetration of low temperature, CO2-based, advanced fourth generation district energy networks with population density. The results reveal that only areas with a piping cost lower than 21.5 k€/100 m2ERA connect to the low-temperature network in the intermediate scenarios, while all areas must connect to achieve the minimum operating cost result. Parallel coordinates are employed to better visualise the key performance indicators at canton and commune level together with the breakdown of energy (electricity and natural gas) imports/exports and investment cost to highlight the main contributors.
A Speculative Trading Model for the Electricity Market: Based on Japan Electric Power Exchange
Authors: Maekawa Jun , Shimada Koji
Published: July 2019

Renewable energy sources produce less environmental impact and have little marginal cost. Thus, because of these characteristics, it is desirable to disseminate it for the purpose of economic efficiency. Because of the uncertainty in the supply of renewable energy and the special feature of electricity as a good, such as merit order curve, introducing forward markets is an essential factor in a liberalized market. In European countries, which have already established several mechanisms for managing liquidity including markets with several timelines, the market liquidity invites the investor to perform some speculative action. We present a simple electric power market model to analyze the speculative actions of electricity suppliers and the price effect of such actions. Moreover, we found that the speculative action improves the inelasticity of the demand in electricity market.
An Improved Torque Control Strategy of PMSM Drive Considering On-Line MTPA Operation
Authors: Zhou Zhanqing , Gu Xin , Wang Zhiqiang , Zhang Guozheng , Geng Qiang
Published: July 2019

An improved direct torque control with space-vector modulation (DTC-SVM) scheme is presented in this paper. In the conventional DTC-SVM scheme, torque control performance is affected by the load conditions, due to the inappropriate linearization of the relationship between the flux angle and electromagnetic torque. Different from the conventional method, a torque controller with load angle estimation (TC-LAE) is proposed and the change rate of torque is regulated according to the variation of the load conditions, which could ensure the rapidity and consistency of torque performance at different load conditions. Meanwhile, an online permanent magnet synchronous motor and maximum torque per ampere (PMSM-MTPA) operation strategy based on the fitting solving method is proposed instead of the traditional two-dimensional look-up table, and the reference value of flux amplitude is calculated online to meet the MTPA requirement with the proposed method. The improved strategy is applied on a 6 kW PMSM, and the simulation and experimental results verified the effectiveness and the feasibility of the proposed strategy.
Molecular and Hormonal Aspects of Drought-Triggered Flower Shedding in Yellow Lupine
Authors: Wilmowicz Emilia , Kućko Agata , Burchardt Sebastian , Przywieczerski Tomasz
Published: July 2019

The drought is a crucial environmental factor that determines yielding of many crop species, e.g., Fabaceae, which are a source of valuable proteins for food and feed. Herein, we focused on the events accompanying drought-induced activation of flower abscission zone (AZ)—the structure responsible for flower detachment and, consequently, determining seed production in Lupinus luteus. Therefore, detection of molecular markers regulating this process is an excellent tool in the development of improved drought-resistant cultivars to minimize yield loss. We applied physiological, molecular, biochemical, immunocytochemical, and chromatography methods for a comprehensive examination of changes evoked by drought in the AZ cells. This factor led to significant cellular changes and activated AZ, which consequently increased the flower abortion rate. Simultaneously, drought caused an accumulation of mRNA of genes inflorescence deficient in abscission-like (LlIDL), receptor-like protein kinase HSL (LlHSL), and mitogen-activated protein kinase6 (LlMPK6), encoding succeeding elements of AZ activation pathway. The content of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), catalase activity, and localization significantly changed which confirmed the appearance of stressful conditions and indicated modifications in the redox balance. Loss of water enhanced transcriptional activity of the abscisic acid (ABA) and ethylene (ET) biosynthesis pathways, which was manifested by elevated expression of zeaxanthin epoxidase (LlZEP), aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid synthase (LlACS), and aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid oxidase (LlACO) genes. Accordingly, both ABA and ET precursors were highly abundant in AZ cells. Our study provides information about several new potential markers of early response on water loss, which can help to elucidate the mechanisms that control plant response to drought, and gives a useful basis for breeders and agronomists to enhance tolerance of crops against the stress.
Aphid-Triggered Changes in Oxidative Damage Markers of Nucleic Acids, Proteins, and Lipids in Maize (Zea mays L.) Seedlings
Authors: Sytykiewicz Hubert , Łukasik Iwona , Goławska Sylwia , Chrzanowski Grzegorz
Published: July 2019

Prior experiments illustrated reactive oxygen species (ROS) overproduction in maize plants infested with bird-cherry-oat (Rhopalosiphum padi L.) aphids. However, there is no available data unveiling the impact of aphids feeding on oxidative damages of crucial macromolecules in maize tissues. Therefore, the purpose of the current study was to evaluate the scale of oxidative damages of genomic DNA, total RNA and mRNA, proteins, and lipids in seedling leaves of two maize genotypes (Złota Karłowa and Waza cvs—susceptible and relatively resistant to the aphids, respectively). The content of oxidized guanosine residues (8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine; 8-OHdG) in genomic DNA, 8-hydroxyguanosine (8-OHG) in RNA molecules, protein carbonyl groups, total thiols (T-SH), protein-bound thiols (PB-SH), non-protein thiols (NP-SH), malondialdehyde (MDA) and electrolyte leakage (EL) levels in maze plants were determined. In addition, the electrical penetration graphs (EPG) technique was used to monitor and the aphid stylet positioning and feeding modes in the hosts. Maize seedlings were infested with 0 (control), 30 or 60 R. padi adult apterae per plant. Substantial increases in the levels of RNA, protein and lipid oxidation markers in response to aphid herbivory, but no significant oxidative damages of genomic DNA, were found. Alterations in the studied parameters were dependent on maize genotype, insect abundance and infestation time.
Biatrial Remodeling in Patients with Cystic Fibrosis
Authors: Dordevic Aleksandar , Genger Martin , Schwarz Carsten , Cuspidi Cesare , Tahirovic Elvis , Pieske Burkert , Düngen Hans-Dirk , Tadic Marijana
Published: July 2019

Background: Previous studies have focused on left and right ventricular remodeling in cystic fibrosis (CF), whereas atrial function has not been assessed in detail so far. We sought to investigate left and right atrial (LA and RA) function in patients with CF. Methods: This retrospective investigation included 82 CF patients (64 survivors and 18 non-survivors) who were referred to CF department over the period of four years, as well as 32 control subjects matched by age and gender. All participants underwent an echocardiographic examination including a strain analysis, which was performed offline and blinded for groups. Results: LA and RA volume indexes were significantly higher in CF patients than in controls and were particularly high in CF non-survivors. LA conduit and reservoir functions were significantly worse in CF survivors and non-survivors, compared with control subjects. RA phasic function was not different between controls, CF survivors and non-survivors. The parameters of lung function (forced vital capacity (FVC) and forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1)) and the LA and RA volume indexes were predictors of mortality in CF patients. However, in a multivariate analysis, only FVC was an independent predictor of mortality in CF patients. Conclusions: Our results suggest that both atria are enlarged, but only LA function is impaired in CF patients. LA reservoir and conduit function is particularly deteriorated in CF patients. Though statistical significance was not reached due to our limited sample size, there was a trend of deterioration of LA and RA function from controls across CF survivors to CF non-survivors. LA and RA enlargement represented predictors of mortality in CF patients.
Anthropometric Obesity Indices, Body Fat Percentage, and Grip Strength in Young Adults with different Physical Activity Levels
Authors: Söğüt Mustafa , Barış Kaya Ömer , Altunsoy Kübra , Clark Cain C. T. , Clemente Filipe Manuel , Doğan Ali Ahmet
Published: July 2019

The purposes of this study were to determine whether moderately physically active (MPA) and highly physically active (HPA) male (n = 96, age = 22.5 ± 1.7 years) and female (n = 85, age = 21.3 ± 1.6 years) young adults differed in their anthropometric obesity indices (AOIs), body fat percentage (BF%), and muscular strength, and also to examine the associations between physical activity level (PAL) and the abovementioned variables. Participants were measured for body height and weight, BF%, waist and hip circumferences, and maximal isometric grip strength. According to their PAL, estimated by the short version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire, they were assigned to MPA and HPA subgroups. Regardless of gender, results indicated that participants in the MPA groups had significantly higher values of body weight, waist and hip circumference, BF%, and BMI than participants in the HPA groups. No significant differences were found between physical activity groups in terms of grip strength. The AOIs and BF% were found to be significantly and negatively correlated with the PAL in both genders. In conclusion, the findings of the study suggest that high habitual physical activity is associated with lower adiposity markers. However, the differences in the hand grip strength of the contrasting activity groups were negligible.