bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Neoliberal Resource Nationalism: The Scramble for Mexico’s Hydrocarbons
Authors: Wattnem Tamara A.
Published: February 2023

PEMEX, Mexico’s state oil company, was fiercely defended against privatization proposals throughout most of Mexico’s neoliberalization process, even as hundreds of state-owned enterprises were privatized, for two major reasons. First, the state increasingly came to depend on oil income to guarantee its fiscal needs, and this allowed it to postpone a tax reform, to the benefit of economic elites. Second, the meaning of oil in Mexican political culture partially shielded the energy sector from privatization attempts. Paying attention to the state’s fiscal interests, resource nationalism, domestic elite interests, and the meaning with which economic sectors are imbued adds explanatory leverage to our understanding of neoliberalism’s variegated implementation.

Aun cuando cientos de empresas estatales fueron privatizadas, PEMEX, la compañía petrolera estatal de México, contó con una feroz defensa frente a las propuestas de privatización durante la mayor parte del proceso de neoliberalización mexicano. Esto obedeció a dos razones principales. La primera es que el Estado llegó a depender cada vez más de los ingresos petroleros para garantizar sus necesidades fiscales, asunto que le permitió posponer una reforma fiscal en beneficio de las élites económicas. La segunda es que el significado del petróleo en la cultura política mexicana protegió parcialmente al sector energético de los intentos de privatización. Si prestamos atención a los intereses fiscales del Estado, el discurso nacionalista en torno a los recursos, los intereses de las élites nacionales y el significado con el que están imbuidos los sectores económicos tendremos un entendimiento más completo de la variada implementación del neoliberalismo.
Migration of high-skilled and STEM professionals from India: Addressing Global Compact for Migration objective 1
Authors: Khadria Binod , Potnuru Basant , Mishra Ratnam , Bakshi Kanika , Thakur Narender
Published: February 2023

This research note examines the dimension and characteristics of the outflow of Indian high-skilled and Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) professionals to five key destination countries, namely, the United States of America, the United Kingdom, Canada, Australia and New Zealand. Indian migrants constitute a significant and growing share of high-skilled and STEM professionals in the major immigration countries of the world. Statistics highlight the proposition that retaining them is vital for the origin countries to realize the Sustainable Development Goals with particular focus on mitigating global inequalities in the 21st century. This note also addresses objective 1 of the Global Compact for Migration by exploring specific statistics on emigration from India representing the Global South.
NARMA-L2–based online computed torque control for robotic manipulators
Authors: Şen Gökçen Devlet , Öke Günel Gülay
Published: February 2023

Computed torque is an effective method for control of robotic manipulators. In this paper, a novel approach is proposed for computed torque control method, and also, it is integrated with online least squares support vector regression algorithm. The motive is to improve control performance and to build an adaptive architecture where no prior information on system model is required; the model is obtained continuously using a machine learning technique. There are two main contributions of the proposed work: the first one is the formulation of the computed torque control law using the nonlinear autoregressive moving average-L2 control methodology and the second contribution is the implementation of online least squares support vector regression method in estimating the dynamical model of the system and calculating the control law. The performance of the proposed method has been evaluated by simulations on a two-link robotic arm. The robustness of the method has also been evaluated for cases with disturbance and model uncertainty. Comparison with an existing computed torque control approach in the literature demonstrates the superiority of the proposed approach. Thus, it can be concluded that the method can be effectively used for first-order and second-order nonlinear systems without inherent instability.
Finite-time velocity-free adaptive neural constrained cooperative control of Euler–Lagrange systems
Authors: Naderolasli Amir , Shojaei Khoshnam , Chatraei Abbas
Published: February 2023

This paper addresses a new constrained control design problem to develop the trajectory-tracking specifications of the cooperative control of Euler–Lagrange systems with respect to the convergence rate and steady-state errors by constraining the limited bounds on the trajectory-tracking errors in the leader–follower formation control problem. A control design based on an asymmetric barrier Lyapunov function is proposed for the leader–follower formation control of Euler–Lagrange systems in the presence of unknown parameters and unmodeled dynamics that progresses to the infinity when its arguments attain to the predefined bounds. These constrained output states are considered in the leader–follower formation control problem to cope with the system restrictions such as limited sensing ranges. The Lyapunov stability is pursued to assure that all the signals of the closed-loop system are bounded and the leader–follower formation errors are finite-time semi-globally uniformly ultimately bounded. Finally, computer simulation results represent the impression of the newly proposed constrained leader–follower formation control for the Euler–Lagrange systems.
Coworker Injustices and Their Delegated Authority: Developing an Indirect Actor Model of Supervisor Justice
Authors: Haynie Jeffrey J. , Richardson Hettie A. , Fuller Bryan , Martin Christopher L. , Bush John
Published: February 2023

Supervisors directly influence employees’ perceptions of supervisor justice and subsequent supervisor-supportive behaviors by displaying just treatment through ongoing work interactions. Using a two-study design, we build on this target similarity approach by examining the potential for an indirect actor to be held accountable when a direct offender is acting on the indirect actor's behalf. Integrating fairness and role theory perspectives, Study 1 shows that the relationship between coworker injustice and supervisor-supportive citizenship behavior is mediated by supervisor blame and supervisor justice. Further, these linkages are strengthened when the offending coworker is delegated additional authority by the supervisor. Delegation more clearly connects the supervisor to the coworker's unjust behavior because the coworker is seen as an intermediary for the supervisor (i.e., perceived intermediary delegation-PID). In a constructive replication, Study 2's results support the basic mediation model from Study 1 but also show that the PID effect is influenced by victims’ relative standing with the supervisor compared with their offending coworkers (i.e., relative status). PID's strengthening effect as a result is most pronounced when victims of coworker injustice hold lower relative statuses than offenders. We conclude with implications of our findings and areas for future research.
Amplifying Stigmatization: Owlcatraz and the naming of a football stadium
Authors: Dong Lin , Hudson Bryant Ashley , Moura David , Jarvis Lee C.
Published: February 2023

While organizational stigma has emerged as an important and vibrant area of study, yet the processes of stigmatization have not been as thoroughly examined. Specifically, this study explores the subsequent, ongoing stigmatization processes beyond stigma emergence that are triggered by stigma transfer. To do so, we draw on a qualitative case study of an American university selling the naming rights of its newly built football stadium to a company that runs for-profit prisons with a history of human rights violations. We find that the stigma transfer through an exposed association can lead to amplifying stigmatization of both the source and target organizations, featuring a reverberation process fueled by both rhetorical and material stigmatizing practices. Even after the stigmatizing association ceased, stigmatization of the target organization, though muffled, lingered and required further management. Through developing a model of amplifying and muffling stigmatization after stigma transfer, we offer contributions to scholarship on ongoing stigmatization and stigma transfer. We also open the opportunity to understand the temporal dimensions of stigmatization.
Affective Resonance and Durability in Political Organizing: The case of patients who hack
Authors: Vidolov Simeon , Geiger Susi , Stendahl Emma
Published: February 2023

We explore the role of affect in fuelling and sustaining political organizing in the case of an online type-1 diabetes community. Analysing this community’s interactions, we show that the drive towards political transformation is triggered by affective dissonance, but that this dissonance needs to be recurrently enacted through the balanced circulation of objects of pain and hope. We propose the notion of affective resonance to illuminate the dynamic interplay that collectively moderates and fosters this circulation and that keeps bodies invested and reverberating together around shared political goals. Affective resonance points researchers toward the fragile and complex accomplishment that affective politics represents. Focusing particularly on the community’s interactions on Twitter, we also reflect on the role of (digital) resonance spaces in how affects circulate. By adopting and transposing concepts from affect theories into the context of patient communities, we further add important insights into the unique embodied challenges that patients with chronic illness face. Highlighting the hope induced by techno-bodily emancipation that intertwine into a particular form of political organizing in such healthcare movements, we give emphasis to patient communities’ deeply embodied affects as important engines for political, social and economic change.
Fact-checking behaviors of undergraduate students
Authors: Şencan İpek , Soydal İrem
Published: February 2023

Obtaining fact-checking skills is becoming crucial as information disorder turns into a major issue for societies. The aim of this study is to evaluate the extent to which students benefited from the fact-checking module within the news literacy (NL) training and what kind of fact-checking behavior they exhibited. The research was conducted with two different groups of university students for two years using a quasi-experimental design method. Following the training, the students conducted their fact-checking process by making more queries, mainly using news titles, and mostly clicking on news platforms. Although many of the students did not show high performance after the training, it was seen that training created a certain awareness about the verification platforms/tools. The study highlighted the importance of information literacy skills in NL training provided at the university level and the characteristics that distinguish information behaviors during fact-checking from those in other information search processes.
Optimal Epidemic Control under Uncertainty: Tradeoffs between Information Collection and Other Actions
Authors: Flaig Julien , Houy Nicolas
Published: February 2023

Background

Recent epidemics and measures taken to control them—through vaccination or other actions—have highlighted the role and importance of uncertainty in public health. There is generally a tradeoff between information collection and other uses of resources. Whether this tradeoff is solved explicitly or implicitly, the concept of value of information is central to inform policy makers in an uncertain environment.

Method

We use a deterministic SIR (susceptible, infectious, recovered) disease emergence and transmission model with vaccination that can be administered as 1 or 2 doses. The disease parameters and vaccine characteristics are uncertain. We study the tradeoffs between information acquisition and 2 other measures: bringing vaccination forward and acquiring more vaccine doses. To do this, we quantify the expected value of perfect information (EVPI) under different constraints faced by public health authorities (i.e., the time of the vaccination campaign implementation and the number of vaccine doses available).

Results

We discuss the appropriateness of different responses under uncertainty. We show that, in some cases, vaccinating later or with less vaccine doses but more information about the epidemic, and the efficacy of control strategies may bring better results than vaccinating earlier or with more doses and less information, respectively.

Conclusion

In the present methodological article, we show in an abstract setting how clearly defining and treating the tradeoff between information acquisition and the relaxation of constraints can improve public health decision making.

Highlights

Uncertainties can seriously hinder epidemic control, but resolving them is costly. Thus, there are tradeoffs between information collection and alternative uses of resources. We use a generic SIR model with vaccination and a value-of-information framework to explore these tradeoffs. We show in which cases vaccinating later with more information about the epidemic and the efficacy of control measures may be better—or not—than vaccinating earlier with less information. We show in which cases vaccinating with fewer vaccine doses and more information about the epidemic and the efficacy of control measures may be better—or not—than vaccinating with more doses and less information.
Performance of machine learning-based coronary computed tomography angiography for selecting revascularization candidates
Authors: Huang Zengfa , Ding Yi , Yang Yang , Zhao Shengchao , Zhang Shutong , Xiao Jianwei , Ding Chengyu , Guo Ning , Li Zuoqin , Zhou Shiguang , Cao Guijuan , Wang Xiang
Published: February 2023

Background

Limited studies have investigated the accuracy of therapeutic decision-making using machine learning-based coronary computed tomography angiography (ML-CCTA) compared with CCTA.

Purpose

To investigate the performance of ML-CCTA for therapeutic decision compared with CCTA.

Material and Methods

The study population consisted of 322 consecutive patients with stable coronary artery disease. The SYNTAX score was calculated with an online calculator based on ML-CCTA results. Therapeutic decision-making was determined by ML-CCTA results and the ML-CCTA-based SYNTAX score. The therapeutic strategy and the appropriate revascularization procedure were selected using ML-CCTA, CCTA, and invasive coronary angiography (ICA) independently.

Results

The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, accuracy of ML-CCTA and CCTA for selecting revascularization candidates were 87.01%, 96.43%, 95.71%, 89.01%, 91.93%, and 85.71%, 87.50%, 86.27%, 86.98%, 86.65%, respectively, using ICA as the standard reference. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of ML-CCTA for selecting revascularization candidates was significantly higher than CCTA (0.917 vs. 0.866, P = 0.016). Subgroup analysis showed the AUC of ML-CCTA for selecting percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) or coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) candidates was significantly higher than CCTA (0.883 vs. 0.777, P < 0.001, 0.912 vs. 0.826, P = 0.003, respectively).

Conclusion

ML-CCTA could distinguish between patients who need revascularization and those who do not. In addition, ML-CCTA showed a slightly superior to CCTA in making an appropriate decision for patients and selecting a suitable revascularization strategy.
Clinical observation of glucocorticoid therapy for critically ill patients with COVID-19 pneumonia
Authors: Zhu Yingjie , Chen Dongmei , Zhu Yanfang , Ge Xuhua , Li Zhuo , Miao Hongjun
Published: February 2023

Objective

We aimed to investigate the clinical effects of intravenous glucocorticoid (GC) therapy for severe COVID-19 pneumonia.

Methods

Seventy-two patients hospitalized with severe COVID-19 pneumonia who were discharged or died between 5 January 2020 and 3 March 2020 at Huangshi Infectious Disease Hospital were included. Patients were divided into a treatment group (GC group) and non-treatment group (non-GC group) according to whether they had received GCs within 7 days of hospital admission.

Results

There was no significant difference between groups for Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) II score and 28-day survival rate. The rate of invasive mechanical ventilation was higher in the GC group than in the non-GC group. On day 7 after admission, the GC group had shorter fever duration and higher white blood cell count than the non-GC group. In subgroup analysis by age and severity, there was no significant difference in 28-day survival rate and other indicators. Compared with those in the non-GC group, patients in the GC group more frequently required admission to the intensive care unit.

Conclusion

In the present study, we found no significant improvement in patients with severe COVID-19 pneumonia treated with GCs within 7 days of admission.
The progress of dorsal vascular complex control strategy in radical prostatectomy
Authors: Wang Yinhuai , Cheng Xu , Xiong Qi , Cheng Shunhua
Published: February 2023

Radical prostatectomy has undergone a development from open to laparoscopic surgery to a surgical robotic approach. With improved surgical equipment and the continuous development of surgical techniques, various surgical strategies for controlling the dorsal vascular complex (DVC) during RP have been investigated, which affect intraoperative blood loss, postoperative tumour control and postoperative urinary and sexual function. The present narrative review summarizes the latest anatomical information about the prostatic apex and DVC and then describes the three types of DVC control. More detailed anatomy of the DVC is required and the optimal DVC control under different situations needs further research.
Accessible, Transparent, Progressive: Conceptualising the Militarisation of Digital Space Through the Social Media Presence of Arms Manufacturers
Authors: Jester Natalie
Published: February 2023

Arms sales cause serious harm and the public is – on some level – aware of this, yet their sale continues apace. Militarisation is the engendering of support for war, broadly understood, and this includes the manufacture/sale of weapons. This article examines the Twitter feeds of three large US arms manufacturers: Lockheed Martin, Raytheon and Northrop Grumman (as part of a larger project where approximately 900 tweets were examined). It argues that productive tensions of exposure (knowing) and revelation (societal acknowledgement) engender militarisation within arms manufacturers’ Twitter feeds. It finds that arms manufacturers represent themselves as accessible/transparent through regular updates and high volumes of information. They also distract from the violence of their products by presenting themselves as drivers of human progress, which occurs in social, environmental and technological dimensions. Taken as a whole, the representations of accessibility and distracting content on social media function to facilitate the arms trade in this case.

Accessible, transparente, progressive : conceptualiser la militarisation de l’espace numérique à travers la présence de fabricants d’armes sur les réseaux sociaux
Strategic deviation and investment inefficiency
Authors: Ranasinghe Dinithi , Habib Ahsan
Published: February 2023

We examine the association between strategic deviation and investment inefficiency. We conceptualize strategic deviation as the extent to which the pattern of a firm’s resource allocation deviates from its industry peers. We posit that firms pursuing deviant strategies are prone to increased information asymmetry and hence, are able to engage in self-serving behaviour as manifested in inefficient investments. Our results suggest that deviant firms have sub-optimal investments. A battery of robustness tests validates our findings. We further provide evidence to suggest that weaker monitoring, high product market competition and a low-quality information environment moderate the relation between strategic deviation and investment inefficiency.

JEL Classification:

M41, G41
User Segmentation Based on Travel Regularity in E-Scooter Sharing Service
Authors: Park Seong-Yeon , Ham Seung Woo , Kim Dong-Kyu
Published: February 2023

The dockless e-scooter sharing service is rapidly spreading, replacing existing transportation, and improving last-mile accessibility. User segmentation with travel regularity and segment-level behavior analysis, which are already conducted in public transit, also benefits e-scooter sharing service to enhance service quality and increase usage. In this work, we group e-scooter users according to their travel regularity and identify each group’s usage characteristics. Through the dockless e-scooter usage data, as operated in six cities in South Korea, travel regularity measured by users’ repetitive departure time and destination is discovered and spatiotemporal usage patterns are identified. We divide e-scooter users into three groups by type of travel regularity: irregular user, spatially regular user, and regular user. Regular users more frequently use e-scooters, travel shorter distances, and walk longer distances to find an e-scooter than other groups. It is also revealed that the use in morning peak hours only occurs in the regular user group. By decomposing the temporal patterns of spatially regular and regular users, we discover that spatially regular users are composed of daytime, evening peak, and nighttime users. In contrast, regular users are composed of morning peak, evening peak, and lockdown (restriction in response to COVID-19 pandemic) peak users. This research suggests user segmentation based on travel regularity in e-scooter sharing services, enabling multiple strategies to be drawn to retain users with high regularity and convert users with low regularity to regular users.
Evaluation of the Effect of Interlayer Bonding Condition on the Deterioration of Asphalt Pavement
Authors: Yuya Wakabayashi , Yasushi Takeuchi , Futoshi Kawana , Kazuhiro Watanabe
Published: February 2023

In this study, to investigate the effect of interlayer bonding condition on the deterioration of asphalt pavement, we conducted numerical analysis based on multi-layer elastic theory, verification of numerical analysis results by experiments on a full-scale test track, and comparison of the progress of deterioration based on accelerated loading tests conducted on the test pavement. Firstly, the analysis indicated that stronger tensile strain could occur on the upper side of the interlayer when the interlayer bonding weakens. Furthermore, the test pavement simulating interlayer debonding showed the same strain tendency as the analysis. These results suggest that if the interlayer debonding continues, the pavement may suffer early fatigue failure. On the other hand, there are some results that are not consistent with those of the analysis, such as the magnitude of deflection in the test pavement; thus, further investigation is required. Furthermore, because of the accelerated loading on the test pavement, the sections where the layers were debonded immediately after construction became bonded. Since the deflection of the test pavement did not change significantly from that immediately after construction, and no conspicuous damage such as cracks was observed on the road surface, it is considered necessary to continue follow-up surveys.
Diagnosis of malignant pleural effusion with combinations of multiple tumor markers: A comparison study of five machine learning models
Authors: Zhang Yixi , Wang Jingyuan , Liang Baosheng , Wu Hanyu , Chen Yangyu
Published: February 2023

Background

To evaluate the diagnostic value of combinations of tumor markers carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), carbohydrate antigen (CA) 125, CA153, and CA19-9 in identifying malignant pleural effusion (MPE) from non-malignant pleural effusion (non-MPE) using machine learning, and compare the performance of popular machine learning methods.

Methods

A total of 319 samples were collected from patients with pleural effusion in Beijing and Wuhan, China, from January 2018 to June 2020. Five machine learning methods including Logistic regression, extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost), Bayesian additive regression tree, random forest, and support vector machine were applied to evaluate the diagnostic performance. Sensitivity, specificity, Youden's index, and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) were used to evaluate the performance of different diagnostic models.

Results

For diagnostic models with a single tumor marker, the model using CEA, constructed by XGBoost, performed best (AUC = 0.895, sensitivity = 0.80), and the model with CA153, also by XGBoost, showed the largest specificity 0.98. Among all combinations of tumor markers, the combination of CEA and CA153 achieved the best performance (AUC = 0.921, sensitivity = 0.85) in identifying MPE under the diagnostic model constructed by XGBoost.

Conclusions

Diagnostic models for MPE with a combination of multiple tumor markers outperformed the models with a single tumor marker, particularly in sensitivity. Using machine learning methods, especially XGBoost, could comprehensively improve the diagnostic accuracy of MPE.
Immunopotentiation effects of apigenin on NK cell proliferation and killing pancreatic cancer cells
Authors: Feng Yong-Bo , Chen Ling , Chen Fu-Xing , Yang Yang , Chen Guo-Hua , Zhou Zhong-Hai , Xu Chun-Fang
Published: February 2023

Apigenin is a kind of flavonoid with many beneficial biological effects. It not only has direct cytotoxicity to tumor cells, but also can boost the antitumor effect of immune cells by modulating immune system. The purpose of this study was to investigate the proliferation of NK cells treated with apigenin and its cytotoxicity to pancreatic cancer cells in vitro, and explore its potential molecular mechanism. In this study, the effect of apigenin on NK cell proliferation and killing pancreatic cancer cells were measured by CCK-8 assay. Perforin, granzyme B (Gran B), CD107a, and NKG2D expressions of NK cells induced with apigenin were detected by flow cytometry (FCM). The mRNA expression of Bcl-2, Bax and protein expression of Bcl-2, Bax, p-ERK, and p-JNK in NK cells were evaluated by qRT-PCR and western blotting analysis, respectively. The results showed that appropriate concentration of apigenin could significantly promote the proliferation of NK cells in vitro and enhance the killing activity of NK cells against pancreatic cancer cells. The expressions of surface antigen NKG2D and intracellular antigen perforin and Gran B of NK cells were upregulated after treating with apigenin. Bcl-2 mRNA expression was increased, while Bax mRNA expression was decreased. Similarly, the expression of Bcl-2, p-JNK, and p-ERK protein was upregulated, and the expression of Bax protein was downregulated. The molecular mechanism of the immunopotentiation effects of apigenin may be that it up-regulates Bcl-2 and down-regulates Bax expression at the gene and protein levels to facilitate NK cell proliferation, and up-regulates the expression of perforin, Gran B, and NKG2D through the activation of JNK and ERK pathways to enhance NK cell cytotoxicity.
Enhancing compliance with waste sorting regulations through inspections and motivational interviewing
Authors: Herzing Mathias , Wickström Hans , Jacobsson Adam , Källmén Håkan , Forsberg Lars
Published: February 2023

This field experiment investigates the effect of first-time inspections of restaurants’ waste sorting and explores whether motivational interviewing (MI) training of inspectors in this specific setting enhances the propensity of restaurants to be compliant with regulations. Our results show strong positive effects of first inspections with an average improvement of 55%. Also, the MI training of inspectors seems to affect compliance. However, this may also be a combined effect of the first inspection, MI training and more days between inspections. Further research is needed.
How Canada can unlock health system capacity with technology: The value of long-term, value-based partnerships with technology providers
Authors: Varga Peter , Motz Leslie
Published: February 2023

Peter Varga is the Chief Transformation Officer at HealthHub Solutions, Canada’s leading provider of bedside patient engagement technology. Leslie Motz is the Executive Vice President of Patient Services and Chief Nursing Executive at Joseph Brant Hospital in Burlington, Ontario. In this article, Peter and Leslie examine Canada’s ranking among OECD countries on the performance of its healthcare system and propose how optimizing processes around technology purchase and implementation can maximize the value that it can bring to improving health system performance.
Study of the efficacy of 3D-printed prosthetic reconstruction after pelvic tumour resection
Authors: Feng Qi , Li Zenghuai , Zhang Xiaoyu , Feng Jiangang , Wang Donglai
Published: February 2023

The purpose of this study is to explore the effect of using 3D printed pelvic prosthesis to reconstruct bone defect after pelvic tumor resection. From June 2018 to October 2021, a total of 10 patients with pelvic tumors underwent pelvic tumor resection and 3D printed customized hemipelvic prosthesis reconstruction in our hospital. Enneking pelvic surgery subdivision method was used to determine the degree of tumor invasion and the site of prosthesis reconstruction. 2 cases in Zone I, 2 cases in Zone II, 3 cases in Zone I + II, 2 cases in Zone II + III and 1 case in Zone I + II + III. Patients had preoperative VAS scores of 6.5 ± 1.3, postoperative VAS scores of 2.2 ± 0.9, preoperative MSTS-93 scores of 9.4 ± 5.3 and postoperative 19.4 ± 5.9( p < 0.05), all patients had improvement in pain after surgery; Postoperative complications included joint dislocation in 2 cases, myasthenia caused by Guillain-Barre syndrome in 1 case, delayed wound healing in 3 cases and wound infection in 2 cases. Postoperative wound-related complications and dislocations were associated with the extent of the tumor. Patients with tumor invasion of the iliopsoas and gluteus medius muscles had higher complication rates and worse postoperative MSTS scores ( p < 0.05). The patients were followed up for 8 ∼ 28 months. During the follow-up period, 1 case recurred, 4 cases metastasized and 1 case died. All pelvic CTs reviewed 3–6 months after surgery showed good alignment between the 3D printed prosthesis and the bone contact, and tomography showed the growth of trabecular structures into the bone. Overall pain scores decreased and functional scores improved in patients after 3D printed prosthesis replacement for pelvic tumor resection. Long-term bone ingrowth could be seen on the prosthesis-bone contact surface with good stability.
Associations Between Latent Classes of Trauma Exposure and Minority Stressors and Substance Use Among Cisgender Sexual Minority Women
Authors: Scheer Jillian R. , Wall Melanie M. , Veldhuis Cindy B. , Ford Jessie V. , Cascalheira Cory J. , Helminen Emily C. , Shaw Thomas J. , Jaipuriyar Virinca , Zaso Michelle J. , Hughes Tonda L.
Published: February 2023

Psychosocial stressors (e.g., minority stressors, trauma exposure) profoundly impact sexual minority women’s (SMW’s) risk of alcohol and other drug (AOD) use. However, research has not examined whether there are distinct typologies (i.e., patterns) of psychosocial stressors and whether these vary based on sociodemographic characteristics or are differentially associated with AOD outcomes (e.g., alcohol dependence) among SMW. This study aimed to identify latent classes of SMW reporting distinct typologies of psychosocial stressors and examine predictors and outcomes of latent classes of psychosocial stressors among SMW. Participants included a community sample of 602 SMW ( Mage = 39.9, SD = 14.0; 74.0% lesbian; 37.4% White, 36.6% Black, 22.3% Latinx; 26.6% annual income ≤$14,999). Latent class analysis was used to identify typologies of psychosocial stressors. Regression analyses were employed to examine sociodemographic predictors and AOD outcomes of class membership. Three classes of psychosocial stressors emerged. Participants in Class 1 were likely to report relatively low adversity. SMW in Class 2, who reported childhood physical abuse (CPA), severe childhood sexual abuse, and adult physical assault, were vulnerable to discrimination and stigma consciousness. A distinct subgroup of SMW (Class 3) was at heightened risk of CPA, adult sexual assault (ASA), and stigma consciousness. Older SMW, Black SMW, and SMW with lower social support were more likely to be in classes characterized by higher adversity. Older SMW were at disproportionate risk of CPA and ASA. Different combinations of psychosocial stressors were uniquely associated with AOD outcomes. Findings underscore the importance of considering within-group heterogeneity in SMW’s differential risk of psychosocial stressors and AOD outcomes. Routine screening of psychosocial stressors across several dimensions, brief interventions targeting AOD outcomes, and policies mitigating structural drivers of SMW’s increased risk of trauma and minority stressors may be especially important for older SMW, Black SMW, and SMW who lack social support.
An Application of the Confluence Model of Sexual Aggression Among Young Adult Male Soldiers
Authors: Orchowski Lindsay M. , Oesterle Daniel W. , Berry-Cabán Cristóbal S. , Borsari Brian , Kahler Christopher W. , Kazemi Donna M. , Berkowitz Alan D.
Published: February 2023

Sexual violence in the U.S. military is a serious concern. Whereas numerous studies document the prevalence of sexual violence among service members, far less research has examined etiological risk factors for sexual aggression perpetration among service members. The present study sought to evaluate the applicability of the Confluence Model of Sexual Aggression among a sample of young adult men engaged in active-duty military service within the U.S. Army. Anonymous surveys were completed by 326 male soldiers between the ages of 18 and 24 at a large military installation in the Southeastern region of the United tStates. Men’s likelihood to engage in sexual aggression was operationalized as men’s perceived likelihood to persist with sexual activity despite a partner’s resistance. Aligning with the Confluence Model of Sexual Aggression, two composite variables reflecting hostile masculinity and tendency toward impersonal sex were created. A linear regression indicated that the main effects of hostile masculinity and impersonal sex were significantly associated with greater perceived likelihood of sexual aggression perpetration. Results also revealed that while the interaction term between hostile masculinity and impersonal sex was significant, the direction of the relationship suggests that the effect of impersonal sex is weaker at higher levels of hostile masculinity. These findings lend evidence to help identify those at elevated risk for perpetrating sexual aggression, as well as informing programmatic efforts to prevent sexual assault within the military.
Linking the Momentary Processing of Injustice to Intraindividual Change in Dispositional Victim Sensitivity
Authors: Baumert Anna , Maltese Simona , Lischetzke Tanja
Published: February 2023

We investigated how the dispositional sensitivity to becoming the victim of injustice (victim sensitivity) is linked to the momentary processing of injustice and how such processes predict dispositional change. In two samples ( N = 149, N = 513), we combined four dispositional assessments across students’ first year at university, with intensive assessments given on a weekly (Study 1) or daily (Study 2) basis at the beginning of the first semester. We assessed how frequently injustice from a victim perspective was perceived and ruminated about (Studies 1 and 2), and how intensely anger was experienced in reaction (Study 2). These indicators of momentary processes were tested as correlates of baseline victim sensitivity and as predictors of dispositional change. The intensity of anger reactions predicted dispositional change in victim sensitivity after 4 months, but not earlier or later, and did not generalize to predict change in neuroticism. These findings are in line with recent theorizing about personality development, emphasizing the relevance of patterns of momentary processes for understanding dispositional change.
Collaboration and Public Participation for Municipal Growth in Land Economic Development Projects
Authors: Kang Ki Eun , Lee Kyungha
Published: February 2023

This study examines the impacts of collaboration and public participation on municipal growth in midsize U.S. municipalities. It specifically looks at the cases of land economic development projects across the nation and how local governments’ population and employment growth are associated with public participation and collaboration. This study employs two methods—a survey of planners and officials and GPT-3 semantic search. Using a survey of planners and elected officials, four individual variables (traditional public participation, online public participation, public service collaboration, and staff regional meetings) related to collaboration and public participation were employed. Additionally, a semantic search approach was used to understand the current trend of public participation methods in real land development cases. The findings show that informal collaboration pushes population and employment growth, but the value of citizen participation is more contentious.
Gender Differences in Job Resources and Strains in Authority Positions
Authors: Stojmenovska Dragana
Published: February 2023

In contrast to the rich literature on the causes of the gender gap in workplace authority, relatively little is known about how the jobs and experiences of women and men compare once they have positions with authority. Using linked survey and administrative data of about 100,000 women and men working in Dutch organizations, I analyzed differences in job resources (earnings, autonomy, and nonroutine work) and strains (workplace harassment, work–nonwork interference, and job burnout) between women and men in positions of workplace authority. I find that women in authority report lower levels of job resources than men with authority jobs, and are more likely to report experiences of work-related strains. Crucially, women with authority jobs are the most likely of all gender/authority status groups to report experiencing sexual harassment, bullying, and intimidation at the workplace, and they have the highest probability of reporting job burnout symptoms. These findings suggest that women’s entry into authority positions alone is not sufficient for achieving gender equality.
Continuous quality improvement in peritoneal dialysis: Your questions answered
Authors: Hamidi Shabnam , Auguste Bourne L
Published: February 2023

Peritoneal dialysis (PD) uptake around the globe has steadily increased over the last several decades as a viable alternative to haemodialysis. Continued success of this technique for patients is contingent on the application of continuous quality improvement (CQI) principles in PD practice which can improve patient outcomes and in turn lead to more successful PD programmes worldwide. In this installation of ‘Your Questions Answered’, we will outline an approach to quality improvement initiatives and examine the importance of CQI principles in PD practice. We will also highlight common pitfalls and provide strategies to identify potential targets for improvement within your PD programme.
‘Knowing’ Palestinian Women: Interrogating Western International Feminist Assumptions, Governance, and Social Science Discourses
Authors: Andersson Tanetta
Published: February 2023

This paper traces Palestinian women’s political mobilization for social change emphasizing historical and contemporary involvements in national struggles against colonial occupation and patriarchal oppression. Second, critical Middle Eastern feminists’ analyses, through their attunement to gendered orientalism, unmask a troubling pattern of culturizing categories of violence against women (VAW) within global feminist and human rights discourses. In particular, culturized framings of gender-based violence in the lives of Palestinian women ignores the multiple sources of violence and power of settler colonialism as ongoing everyday realities. Third, I share how social science instruments like the Conflicts Tactics Scale (CTS), criticized by US gender scholars, is widely used as a measure of VAW in the global South. By overestimating interpersonal gender-based violence among Palestinian women, Global feminist discourse and the otherness of women outside the West continue to reciprocally constitute each other. Thus covertlsolidifying global feminist discourse universalistic assumptions in scientific and objective forms.
Sexual Minority Disparities in Subjective Cognitive Impairment: Do They Persist After Accounting for Psychological Distress?
Authors: Fredriksen-Goldsen Karen , Petros Ryan , Jung Hailey H. , Kim Hyun-Jun
Published: February 2023

Objectives: Sexual minority older adults are a health disparate group with disproportionate rates of subjective cognitive impairment (SCI) and psychological distress. This study estimated risks of SCI by sexual orientation and gender, accounting for variations in psychological distress. Methods: We aggregated National Health Interview Survey data (2013–2018) of adults aged 45 and older and implemented logistic regressions of SCI indicators on sexual orientation and psychological distress, adjusting for covariates. Results: Sexual minority adults showed higher likelihoods of SCI in terms of status, severity, frequency, extent, and activity limitations than heterosexuals, even after controlling for psychological distress. SCI risk was significantly higher among sexual minority vs. heterosexual women, with no significant difference among men. Conclusions: Public health initiatives should address this health disparity in SCI and support informal care networks for sexual minorities. Future research is needed that further investigates SCI at-risk groups, with attention to sexual minority women.
Human rights and the cost-of-living crisis
Authors: Nolan Aoife
Published: February 2023

This column explores the intersection between human rights and the ongoing cost-of-living crisis. It opens with an overview of the crisis before turning to the current global state of affairs’ impact on human rights enjoyment. Having addressed key issues that arise in terms of State obligations and how international human rights law as it stands might be deployed to address them, it focuses on how the crisis constitutes an opportunity to advance new horizons in human rights, particularly those related to energy and the implications of responses to crises for the right to a safe, clean, healthy, and sustainable environment. The piece makes clear that if they are to remain effective and relevant, human rights, and those responsible for applying and enforcing them, need to engage with the cost-of-living crisis head-on.
Assisted Reproductive Technologies and Work, Employment and Society: Extending the Debate on Organisational Involvement in/Responsibilities around Fertility and Reproduction
Authors: Wilkinson Krystal , Mumford Clare , Carroll Michael
Published: February 2023

A relatively recent development in the field of work and employment is organisational provisions around employee fertility – notably policies and benefits related to assisted reproductive technologies, also known as fertility treatment. Work, employment and organisation scholars have only scratched the surface of this issue. This Debates and Controversies article takes an intersectional political economy approach to explore the opportunities, challenges and dilemmas at the interface between assisted reproductive technologies, society, employment and work. We consider how ‘stratified reproduction’ may be affected by employer interest in assisted reproductive technologies; what employers may gain, risk or lose by developing provisions; how assisted reproductive technologies-related ‘reproductive work’ intersects with paid employment; and the possible consequences, including occupational stratification due to assisted reproductive technologies-related career penalty. We call for further research, especially focusing on the most disadvantaged in society and employment, and approaches to workplace support led by compassion over cost-benefit calculation.
XGBoost-based thermal error prediction and compensation of ball screws
Authors: Gao Xiangsheng , Zhang Kuan , Zhang Zitao , Wang Min , Zan Tao , Gao Peng
Published: February 2023

The ball screw is an essential component in feed drive systems whose accuracy is seriously affected by machine tool internal and external heat sources. In this paper, a thermal error compensation method for ball screws is proposed based on the extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost) algorithm and thermal expansion principle. An XGBoost predictive model is established using the time series temperature data collected from thermal characteristics experiments. Furthermore, the predictive performance between the XGBoost algorithm and BP neural network is compared to validate the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed model. The results show that the XGBoost model has better predictive performance. Based on this, the temperature of key points on the ball screw can be obtained, and thermal error (which is useful for pulse compensation) is predicted. Simultaneously, thermal error compensation experiments are carried out on the ball screw bench with average results of more than 45%. The presented thermal error compensation method proved effective and can provide a foundation for precision machining.
The effect of the installation angle of a high speed train yaw damper on wheel wear
Authors: Wang Kai , Wen Tao , Sang Hutang , Feng Ruicheng
Published: February 2023

The yaw damper is of great significance to the dynamic performance of high-speed trains. In this work, the influence of different installation angles of yaw dampers on dynamic responses and wheel wear is investigated. Firstly, the detailed dynamic model of a high-speed train is developed, which includes all kinds of nonlinear factors, such as wheel/rail contact relationship and nonlinear characteristics of various damping, and the influence of the installation angle of the yaw damper on dynamic performances of railway vehicles is investigated. Then the wheel wear prediction procedure is also proposed to obtain the effect of the installation angle of the yaw dampers on wheel wear evolution. The results show that the nonlinear critical speed of railway vehicles gradually increases with the increasing lateral distance of the yaw damper at the frame side. While critical velocity gradually decreases with increasing vertical installation distance of the yaw damper at the car body side. The maximum wheel wear depth will also gradually increase with increasing vertical distance at the car body side and increasing lateral distance of the yaw damper at the frame side when the vehicle runs on the tangent track. Moreover, it is also noticed that the wear depth of the wheel on both sides will gradually increase with the increasing vertical installation distance of the yaw damper at the car body side when the vehicle runs on a curved track. When the lateral installation angle of the yaw damper is less than 0°, the wheel wear rate remains constant and the wear sensitivity of the wheel to lateral installation angle is low, if the lateral installation angle of the yaw damper is greater than 0°, wheel wear rate increases significantly with increasing lateral installation angle of the yaw damper.