bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Deep learning-based 2D-3D sample pose estimation for X-ray 3DCT
Authors:   University of Antwerpen, Presenti Alice ,   University of Antwerpen, Bazrafkan Shabab ,   University of Antwerpen, Sijbers Jan ,   University of Antwerpen, De Beenhouwer Jan
Published: April 2023

3D X-ray Computed Tomography (CT) is increasingly being used for non-destructive inspection of objects. Conventional CT inspection requires many projections, typically spanning 360 to reconstruct a 3D image of the object, which is then segmented and subsequently compared with the reference computer-aided design (CAD) model. Such an inspection flowchart, however, is a time inefficient procedure, not suitable for inline inspection. To overcome this problem, we directly compare the measured projections with simulated ones from the CAD model. To do so, the simulated projections need to be created with the same acquisition geometry as the measured ones. When an object is inserted on a scanning system, its orientation may vary with respect to the default CAD model orientation. For this reason, 2D/3D registration between the CAD model and the measured projections of the real object is necessary. In this paper, we present a deep learning based method to accurately estimate the 3D orientation of an object from one projection image.
Morphological characterisation of explosive powders by X-ray computed tomography: when grain number counts.
Authors:   BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing, Léonard Fabien ,   BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing, Zhang Zhen ,   BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing, Krebs Holger ,   BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing, Bruno Giovanni
Published: April 2023

Ammonium nitrate (AN) prills are commonly used as an ingredient in industrial explosives and in fertilisers. Conventional techniques (such as BET or mercury intrusion porosimetry) can measure the open porosity and specific surface area of AN prill, but the closed porosity is not obtainable. This work was focused on evaluating X-ray computed tomography (XCT) as a non-destructive technique for the assessment of porosity in AN prills. An advanced data processing workflow was developed so that the segmentation and quantification of the CT data could be performed on the entire 3D volume, yet allowing the measurements (e.g.; volume, area, shape factor…) to be extracted for each individual phase (prill, open porosity, closed porosity) of each individual prill, in order to obtain statistically relevant data. Clear morphological and structural differences were seen and quantified between fertiliser and explosive products. Overall, CT can provide a very wide range of parameters that are not accessible to other techniques, destructive or non-destructive, and thus offers new insights and complementary information.
PREDIKSI END BREAKAGE BENANG KAPAS DI MESIN ROTOR SPINNING MENGGUNAKAN PENDEKATAN JARINGAN SARAF TIRUAN
Authors: Iskandar Syarif , Putra Valentinus Galih Vidia , Hermansyah Hermansyah
Published: April 2023

Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu memprediksi total end breakage per machine in 40 hrs benang kapas di mesin rotor spinning berdasarkan nomor benang (yarn count), kecepatan rotor (rotor speed), kecepatan opening roller (opening roller speed) dan residual trash content in draw frame sliver. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode jaringan saraf tiruan (JST) dalam memprediksi sebuah output yang diinginkan. Selanjutnya jaringan saraf tiruan dimodelkan dengan beberapa variasi permodelan. Dari beberapa permodelan dan pengujian yang dilakukan, mulai dari memvariasikan jumlah node, besarnya alpha, banyaknya hidden layer, jumlah iterasi dapat di peroleh bahwa hasil penggunaan jaringan saraf tiruan dengan 1 hidden layer, 3 node, alpha sebesar 0,3 dengan iterasi sebanyak 50.000 memiliki hasil yang lebih optimal dibandingkan    dengan yang lainnya karena output yang dihasilkan mendekati target dengan nilai R-squared sebesar 0,984968. Hal ini  menunjukkan adanya korelasi yang besar atau erat antara variabel-variabel aktual dengan variabel-variabel pada jaringan saraf tiruan. Kebaruan penelitian ini adalah penggunaan JST untuk pertama kalinya dalam memprediksi total end breakage per machine in 40 hrs benang kapas di mesin rotor spinning. Metode ini dapat mempermudah top management dan khususnya bagian Quality Control dalam pengambilan keputusan untuk melakukan setting parameter  mesin rotor guna meminimalisir terjadinya yarn end breakage per machine in 40 hrs.
EFEKTIVITAS MATERI AJAR GERAK LURUS BERMUATAN AUTHENTIC LEARNING UNTUK MELATIHKAN KETERAMPILAN PEMECAHAN MASALAH
Authors: Supriyadi Supriyadi , Wati Mustika , Miriam Sarah , Sasmita Fauzia Dwi
Published: April 2023

Terbatasnya ketersediaan materi ajar yang dapat melatihkan keterampilan pemecahan masalah menyebabkan keterampilan pemecahan masalah peserta didik masih tergolong rendah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan efektivitas materi ajar fisika yang terintegrasi dengan muatan authentic learning pada pokok bahasan gerak lurus. Penelitian dan pengembangan dengan model ASSURE ini diujicoba pada 85 orang peserta didik kelas X IPA di SMA Negeri 6 Banjarmasin. Teknik pengumpulan data diperoleh dengan instrumen tes hasil belajar peserta didik pada pre-test dan post-test untuk kemudian dianalisis melalui uji N-Gain. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa efektivitas materi ajar gerak lurus bermuatan authentic learning berkategori tinggi. Dengan demikian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa materi ajar gerak lurus bermuatan authentic learning untuk melatihkan keterampilan pemecahan masalah efektif digunakan dalam pembelajaran fisika.
PENERAPAN MODEL PROBLEM BASED LEARNING UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KETERAMPILAN BERPIKIR KRITIS SISWA SMA
Authors: Mardhani Slamet Dini Tiara , Haryanto Zeni , Hakim Abdul
Published: April 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peningkatan keterampilan berpikir kritis siswa SMA Negeri 6 Berau melalui penerapan model problem based learning pada materi fluida dinamis. Jenis penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan metode pre-experimental design dengan bentuk one-group pretest-posttest. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas XI MIPA SMA Negeri 6 Berau berjumlah 3 kelas dengan sampel sebanyak 31 siswa di kelas XI MIPA 1. Pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik tes sebanyak 10 soal essay yang diberikan saat sebelum dan setelah pemberian perlakuan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat peningkatan keterampilan berpikir siswa setelah penerapan model problem based learning. Hal tersebut dapat dibuktikan berdasarkan analisis data yang diperoleh rata-rata pretest sebesar 20,45 dan rata-rata posttest sebesar 76,74. Berdasarkan hasil analisis uji t berpasangan diperoleh bahwa terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan hasil pretest dan posttest.
Strategi Guru PAI dalam Meningkatkan Kecerdasan Spiritual di SMAN 2 Situbondo
Authors: Shodri Helmi , Susanti Desi
Published: April 2023

Penerapan strategi guru PAI secara efektif adalah sebuah keniscayaan dan termasuk solusi yang menarik dalam mencapai tujuan pembelajaran dan pendidikan. Penelitian ini berupaya mengekplorasi bagaimana startegi guru PAI dan apa faktor pendukung dan penghambat dalam pelaksanaan strategi tersebut. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif-deskriptif. Dan hasil penelitian ini adalah : Pertama, penerapan strategi guru PAI dalam meningkatkan kecerdasan spiritual peserta didik di SMA Negeri 2 Situbondo adalah strategi pembelajaran ekspositori yang diperkuat dengan memberi tambahan kegiatan keagamaan, membiasakan peserta didik mengikuti kegiatan-kegiatan keagamaan, memulai dan mengakhiri pelajaran dengan do’a, menampilkan video-video hikmah, melihat individu dan kemampuan peserta didik, memberi nasehat-nasehat, berdzikir dan mendo’akan peserta didik. Kedua, Faktor-faktor yang mendukung dan menghambat penerapan strategi guru PAI dalam meningkatkan kecerdasan spiritual peserta didik di SMA Negeri 2 Situbondo yaitu: Faktor-faktor yang mendukung penerapan strategi guru PAI dalam meningkatkan kecerdasan spiritual peserta didik di SMA Negeri 2 Situbondo, adalah: apresiasi dan dukungan kepala sekolah, guru, dan partisipasi aktif sebagian peserta didik terhadap langkah-langkah  guru PAI, minat dan kesadaran sebagian peserta didik untuk belajar, dukungan sebagian wali murid, keingintahuan peserta didik, dan kebanyakan peserta didik mudah diarahkan.
Ragam Budaya Indonesia sebagai Strategi dalam Membangun Literasi dan SDM Masyarakat
Authors: Munir Misbahul
Published: April 2023

Indonesia yang merupakan negara majmuk, yakni terdiri atas berbagai keberagaman suku bangsa, budaya, bahasa, agama, rass, adat-istiadat dan kepercayaan akan menjadi peluang besar menuju negara yang berkembang, maju, kokoh, tumbuh dan tangguh baik dari segi kekayaan alam, perekonomian, kesenian, kebudayaan, kebahasaan, maupun pada adat-istiadat. Hal ini dikarenakan tidak adanya potensi konflik atas keberagaman tersebut, maka akan tumbuh dan tercipta sifat solidaritas integritas, dan budaya gotong-royog yang tinggi serta menjunjung tinngi martabat kebangsaan untuk menuju Indonesia menjadi negara yang tumbuh, aman, tentram, maju, berkembang, sejahtera dan tangguh.
Pengaruh Metode Kerja Kelompok Terhadap Motivasi Belajar Siswa Pada Pelajaran Fiqh
Authors: Susanti Desi , Hasan Mitaru Ismail
Published: April 2023

Metode dapat di artikan sebagai suatu cara atau prosedur yang dipakai untuk mencapai tujuan tertentu, Kerja kelompok merupakan kegiatan sekelompok siswa yang biasanya berjumlah kecil, yang diorganisir untuk kepentingan belajar. Jadi, keberhasilan kerja kelompok ini menuntut kegiatan yang kooperati dari berbagai individu. Atas dasar itulah, maka penulis terdorong untuk menulis karya ilmiyah yang berjudul “ pengaruh  metode kerja kelompok terhadap motivasi belajar siswa pada pelajaran fiqh tahun 2020/2021” Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh  metode kerja kelompok terhadap motivasi belajar siswa pada pelajaran fiqh tahun 2020/2021. Dimana variabel independen yaitu pengaruh Metode metode kerja kelompok (X), mempengaruhi motivasi belajar siswa (Y) sebagai variabel dependennya. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa Di mts raudlatul iman. Sampel diambil sebanyak 30 orang responden, dengan menggunakan teknik Simple Random Sampling. Data dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan metode survey melalui kuesioner yang diisi oleh siswa Di mts raudlatul iman. Kemudian data yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan menggunakan analisis menentukan responden yang tergolong dalam kategori baik (B) atau kategori kurang (K) dengan mean, data tersebut diolah guna menguji hipotesis yang diajukan dengan menggunakan teknik analisis statistik Chi Kuadrat. Untuk mengetahui signifikan atau tidaknya metode tersebut
Typology of Learning The Meaning of Hadith on Yusuf Al-Qaradhawiy Perspective
Authors: Sabrifha Eli , Jamal Khairunnas , Novendri S Mochammad
Published: April 2023

This article is entitled typology of learning the meaning of hadith according to Yusuf Al-Qardhawi in his book entitled Kaifa Nata'amal Ma al-Sunnah Al-Nabawiyah. In understanding a hadith text, al-Qardhawi also often uses several approaches in explaining the meaning of sentences both in text and context. This article examines how al-Qardhawi applies methods to differences in understanding hadith, and how al-Qardhawi's method resolves dualism of opinion in one hadith text and meaning in its interpretation. Using a descriptive-analytical approach, this article examines the basic concepts of different ways of understanding hadith, looks for the roots of the character's thoughts, explains the advantages and disadvantages of the method including its implications. From the results of the discussion, it can be concluded that the patterns used include studying the meaning of hadith according to the instructions of the Qur'an, analyzing the opposite of a hadith with the Qur'an, collecting hadith in one theme, merging and interpreting hadith, understanding hadith historically, paying attention to the meaning of haqiqi and majazi and ascertaining the meaning and connotation of words in the hadith.
Peran Santri Senior dalam Pembentukan Karakter Santri di Pondok Pesantren
Authors: Sukari Sukari , Suhadi Suhadi , Ardiyanto Puji
Published: April 2023

Pembentukan karakter diberbagai lembaga pendidikan sangatlah beranekaragam model dan penerapannya. Proses yang berjalan di Pondok Pesantren Al Muttaqien Pancasila Sakti Klaten adalah dengan mengoptimalkan peran santri senior yang dianggap sudah memiliki kompetensi yang cukup untuk dapat membantu berbagai kegiatan dalam pembentukan karakter santri. Tujuan penelitian dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif ini adalah untuk memberikan gambaran tentang peran santri senior dalam pembentukan karakter santri. Kegiatan-kegiatan yang dilaksanakan dalam rangka pembentukan karakter santri dilakukan dengan pembiasaan maupun keteladanan. Hal ini sangatlah perlu pengawasan, pendampingan maupun teladan dari pihak pengelola yang termasuk didalamya adalah kyai dan ustadz. Dengan jumlah santri yang harus diampu di setiap tahunnya, maka tentunya memerlukan beberapa personil yang dapat melaksanakan tugas tersebut. Dalam penelitian ini peran santri senior dalam semua kegiatan keseharian yaitu masing-masing santri mengampu 20 santri lainnya disetiap kegiatan. Santri junior diharapkan lebih mandiri dalam mengatur seluruh kegiatan keseharian di asrama dengan pengawasan santri senior seperti dalam manajemen waktu dan keuangan. Pendampingan yang dilakukan santri senior yaitu dalam beberapa kegiatan seperti penggunaan bahawa Jawa sesuai unggah-ungguhnya, kegiatan jadwal rutin asrama, dan ekstrakurikuler. Sementara itu untuk keteladanan tentunya dapat dilihat pada semua kegiatan yang dilakukan bersama seluruh santri.
Manajemen Kurikulum Pesantren
Authors: Wassalwa Siti Masyarafatul Manna , Syarafah Husnul Fadilatus
Published: April 2023

Manajemen kurikulum merupakan suatu sistem pengelolaan kurikulum yang kooperatif, komprehensif, sistemik dan sistemati dalam rangka mewujudkan tercapainya tujuan kurikulum. Manajemen kurikulun dapat kita pahami sebagai pertanggung jawaban (Akuntabilitas) lembaga pendidikan terhadap masyarakat luas dan pemerintah agar outcomes yang dihasilkan dapat bermanfaat. Selama ini manajemen kurikulum pendidikan pesantren hanya dikenal sebagai lembaga pendidikan yang hanya mengandalkan manajemen kurikulum tradisional dan sangat menghindari terhadap kurikulum pendidikan modern. Namun faktanya, banyak lulusan pesantren yang mampu bersaing dengan lulusan pendidikan modern dalam segala bidang. Salah satu keberhasilan pesantren tidak terlepas dari peran kiai sebagai hidden curriculum (kurikulum tersembunyi) yang mengedepankan nilai-nilai pendidikan karakter sekaligus menjadi reference personbagi para santri. Belakangan pesantren mulai menerapkan kurikulum baru tanpa meninggalkan kurikulum sebelumnya yang dikelola (manaj) secara berkesinambungan. Keterpaduan antara kurikulum lama dan baru memperkuat pendidikan pesantren sebagai lembaga pendidikan yang unik dan mempunyai kekhasan tersendiri. Secara rinci tujuan pendidikan pesantren meliputi meninggikan budi pekerti, melatih dan mempertinggi semangat, menghargai nilai-nilai spiritual dan kemanusiaan, mengajarkan tingkah-laku yang jujur dan bermoral, dan mempersiapkan para santri untuk hidup sederhana dan bersih hati.
Pengembangan Penilaian Autentik untuk Pembelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam dan Budi Pekerti pada Siswa Kelas V di SD Negeri 4 Balung
Authors: Muhalli Muhalli
Published: April 2023

Sesuai Permendikbud Nomor 66 Tahun 2013 Penilaian pendidikan sebagai proses pengumpulan dan pengolahan informasi untuk  mengukur  pencapaian hasil belajar peserta didik mencakup:  penilaian autentik, penilaian diri, penilaian berbasis portofolio, ulangan, ulangan harian, ulangan tengah semester, ulangan akhir semester, ujian tingkat kompetensi, ujian mutu tingkat kompetensi, ujian nasional, dan ujian sekolah/madrasah. Penilaian merupakan bagian dari proses pembelajaran yang harus dilakukan secara menyeluruh, berkala dan bekesinambungan. Hasil dari proses pengamatan peneliti khususnya untuk Mata Pelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam dan Budi Pekerti menunjukkan penilaian hanya dilakukan dengan tes sehingga hasil dari belajar tiadak dapat menunjukkan hal yang positif dalam artian ada kesenjangan hasil raport tidak sama dengan prilaku peserta didik dalam ruang lingkup nyata.  Berdasarkan masalah tersebut, tujuan dalam penelitian ini adalah: mengembangkan dan menghasilkan penilaian autentik yang benar-benar menunjukkan hasil belajar siswa positif dalam konteks dunia nyata pada siswa kelas V SD Negeri 4 Balung dan untuk mengetahui hasil dari pengembangan penilaian otentik tersebut. Secara khusus penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan alat dan format penilaian yang benar benar-benar autentik, layak digunakan sebagai alat penilaian sesuai dengan Kompetensi Inti (KI) dan Kompetensi Dasar (KD) serta aturan dari PERMENDIKBUD tentang penilaian hasil belajar oleh pendidik untuk mengukur kemampuan siswa pada Mata Pelajaran PAI kelas V di SD Negeri 4 Balung.
Segmentasi dan positioning Promosi Madrasah Tsanawiyah At Taqwa Bondowoso dalam konteks persaingan antar lembaga pendidikan
Authors: Sukur Hayi Abdus , Maula Ni’matul
Published: April 2023

Manajemen promosi madrasah dewasa ini memiliki peran strategis dan taktis di tengah kompetisi antar lembaga pendidikan yang semakin ketat dengan ragam nilai tawar berupa keunggulan layanan masing-masing. Dalam kontek ini berdasar observasi awal peneliti, Madrasah Tsanawiyah At Taqwa Bondowoso terus melakukan inovasi guna meningkatkan daya saing lembaga dengan memacu prestasi siswa melalui berbagai event olimpiade sains dan matematika. Adapun kesimpulan Penelitian ini adalah segmentasi dam positioning promosi madrasah yang dikembangkan MTs At Taqwa Bondowoso di antaranya : memetakan segmentasi promosi madrasah berdasar variable geografis, demografis dan psikografis secara terintegrasi, menetapkan sasaran promosi berdasar pemetaan peserta didik yang mendaftar tahun sebelumnya, serta mempertimbangkan aspek aksesbilitas dan keberlanjutan hubungan baik, memilih segmentasi promosi sasaran dengan strategi promosi terdiferensiasi dan non-diferensiasi secara kontekstual serta promosi terkonsentrasi dan promosi massal terpadu. Sementara positioning MTs at-Taqwa Bondowoso dalam konteks persaingan antara sekolah lain diantaranya : akreditasi kelembagaan, pendidikan agama islam dengan system pesantren, pendidikan sains ilmu pengetahuan alam, program baca baca cepat kitab kuning dengan metode amtsilati dan pengembangan kemampuan motoric siswa melalui kegiatan ekstrakurikuleryang dibina secara professional.
CONTEMPORARY ISLAMIC EDUCATION: OPPORTUNITIES AND CHALLENGES IN SOCIETY ERA 5.0
Authors: Tabroni Imam , Naafi'ul Muhammad , Azizah Nur , Fauzia Rizqita Puja
Published: April 2023

This study describes a title of "Contemporary Islamic Education" which begins the important issue of why instruction. Contemporary Islam as far as its origins and its application to the objectives of this study the training needs of Islam are being considered with its Conception and Application. While this examination can provide hypothetical commitments and commitments where hypothetical commitments can be used as another worldview to lead the investigation of contemporary Islamic Education. While grounded commitment, that Islamic schools are very important and agents to be recognized in its origins and contemporary applications today, where this information discipline is consistently advanced, original, created, and at all times and ages. Moreover, this research is a library research. By looking at various literary works related to “Contemporary Islamic Education”, with a focus on writings compiled by specialists of traditional and contemporary Islamic schools. Although the strategy to be used in this examination of course and investigation. These two strategies are not introduced independently, but will be solved independently of the integrated technique used, because in the show it will provide a general representation of the problem to be pondered, then, at that time, of the far-reaching translation information will be held. For a while, scientific strategies are used to see the basic problems that lie behind the problems seen. Information handling methodology using inquiry content.
MANAJEMEN PESERTA DIDIK DALAM MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN LITERASI PADA MASA PANDEMI
Authors: Washil Sobri
Published: April 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi perencanaan, pelaksanaan dan evaluasi Manajemen Peserta Didik dalam meningkatkan Kemampuan Literasi Peserta Didik. Adapun jenis penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian kualitatif. Sedangkan teknik pengumpulan datanya menggunakan wawancara (interview), pengamatan (observasi) dan dokumentasi. Kemudian untuk teknik analisis data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan analisis data yang meliputi analisis induktif dan deduktif. Adapun hasil dari penelitian ini adalah adanya indikator perencanaan untuk mencapai suatu target atau sasaran, adanya arahan, bimbingan dan pelayanan sesuai dengan tupoksi masing-masing guna mencapai tujuan yang sesuai dengan manajemen peserta didik, yang di dalamnya menyangkut kemampuan literasi masa pandemi bagi peserta didik serta.
UMAR BIN KHATTAB'S PERSPECTIVE EDUCATION MANAGEMENT
Authors: Sofian Amrin
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Educational management is an integral part of the overall educational process. The pattern of education at the time of Umar bin Khattab certainly had a tremendous impact in the current era. So this study examines the educational management perspective of Umar Bin Khattab. This research is literature research and the methodology used in this research is character study. The data related to this study were collected through literature study and presented with descriptive analysis techniques, namely by explaining the educational management of Umar bin Khattab during his leadership era, by referring to the book of Umar bin Khattab's sirah as primary data and literature books that related as secondary data. The results of this study are the management of education in Umar Bin Khattab's leadership of public services is the bookkeeping of the Qur'an, qira'at education, Tafsir bil Ra'yi education, education in the dissemination of hadith and infrastructure education (architect).
Pengaruh Pemahaman Agama Islam Terhadap Produktivitas Masyarakat di Kecamatan Kuranji Kota Padang
Authors:   Ekonomi Syariah, STEI Ar Risalah Sumatera Barat, Eka Putra Doni
Published: April 2023

This type of research is field research with a source of field survey data, namely asking PKH beneficiaries to fill the research instruments. This data is processed based on quantitative analysis looking for correlation values between two variables using the SPSS 16.0 statistical application. After processing the data, the results of the correlation of 0.516 are greater than the correlation value of the table (r-table), the significance level of 5% is 0.1996. In accordance with the hypothesis that r-count is greater than r-table, H1 is accepted, namely there is a significant relationship between the level of understanding of Islam to the productivity of the community. The results of this study clearly illustrated that the level of understanding of Islam influenced the productivity of the people in the Kuranji Subdistrict, Padang City. In accordance with the doctrine and theory of religion that religion has influences that are interconnected with economic behavior, especially in terms of the productivity of society. The low level of understanding of Islam will also be low productivity of the community and vice versa. although between these two variables has a weak relationship but has an influence relationship between the two.
Peluang Pengembangan Ekonomi Kreatif di Era Society 5.0 bagi Generasi Milenial
Authors:   Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis Islam, IAI Al-Falah As-Sunniyyah Jember, Indonesia, Laili Masfiah Alifatul ,   Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis Islam, IAI Al-Falah As-Sunniyyah Jember, Indonesia, Rohman Mh. Taufiqur ,   IAI Al-Falah As-Sunniyyah Kencong - Jember, Amelia Amanda Putri ,   Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis Islam, IAI Al-Falah As-Sunniyyah Jember, Indonesia, Firdaus Zahro Shofiana ,   Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis Islam, IAI Al-Falah As-Sunniyyah Jember, Indonesia
Published: April 2023

Currently, in the global or digital era, the creative economy is in the spotlight because of its beneficial impact on the Indonesian economy. Even though globalization in the economic sector has the potential to become a problem for the Indonesian population as a whole, especially the millennial generation, which must be addressed immediately, the millennial generation remains the main creative force in the economy. The purpose of this research is to understand the economic situation in Indonesia considering that the creative industry is being loved by the younger generation. This type of research uses quantitative and qualitative methods. The results of the study show that advances in technology and communication in the era of the digital revolution have changed Indonesia's business sector, namely the creative economy. Millennials with strong creativity will be able to shape their own direction of development, and the creative economy will also benefit them financially or vice versa by giving them an advantage. Especially Jember Regency, has encouraged the younger generation or the current generation to participate in the development of the creative economy.
Conservative management of ovarian cancer in a 15‐year‐old patient
Authors: Shah S. , Sturdee D.W.
Published: July 2002

A 15‐year‐old patient with stage‐Ia epithelial ovarian cancer was managed conservatively after simple excision of the tumor. The remaining ovary is screened at regular intervals by ultrasound. It is hoped that this policy is justified to allow future childbearing after which total pelvic clearance is proposed.
L5: A carbohydrate epitope involved in neural development
Authors: Streit Andrea , Stern Claudio D
Published: July 2002

Summry— The L5 carbohydrate epitope is developmentally regulated in the vertebrate nervous system, both at very early stages (neural induction) and during postnatal development. Here, we review the evidence indicating that, during gastrulation, L5 may be a marker for cells competent to respond to neural inducing signals emanating from Hensen's node (the ‘organizer’) and that it may itself be involved in the response to neural induction. In postnatal cerebellar development, when L5 is found on astrocytes, it participates in the outgrowth of astrocytic processes on extracellular matrix components. Finally, we indicate the structural relatedness of the L5 carbohydrate and Lex, CD15 and SSEA‐1.
Decrease of intracellular fluorescein fluorescence polarization (IFFP) in human peripheral blood lymphocytes undergoing stimulation with phytohaemagglutinin (PHA), concanavalin A (ConA), pokeweed mitogen (PWM) and anti‐CD3 antibody
Authors: Eisenthal Avi , Marder Oleg , Dotan Dalia , Baron Shoshana , Lifschitz‐Mercer Beatriz , Chaitchik Samario , Tirosh Reuven , Weinreb Arye , Deutsch Motti
Published: July 2002

Summry— In the present study we describe the induction of changes in intracellular fluorescein fluorescence polarization (IFFP) in lymphocytes undergoing activation with a variety of stimulants. These stimulants included the lectins phytohaemagglutinin (PHA), concanavalin (ConA), pokeweed mitogen (PWM) and anti‐CD3 antibody. Changes in IFFP were detected in individual cells using the Cellscan apparatus. Our results show that by employing mitogenic concentrations of PHA, as revealed in a [3H]‐thymidine incorporation assay, a decrease in the IFFP in human peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) occurred within 40 min. ConA and anti‐CD3 affected similarly IFFP, whereas PWM, a B lymphocyte lectin, had no effect on IFFP at the concentrations employed. Kinetic analysis revealed that changes in IFFP occurred within 20–40 min after exposure to the stimulants and lasted for 24 h. Our results show that stimulants which activate CD3+ lymphocytes caused immediate changes in IFFP, in an enriched population of human PBL. The possible mechanisms involved in IFFP modulation following exposure to selected stimulants are discussed.
A tyrosine kinase‐like molecule is localized in the nuclear membrane of neurons: Hippocampal behavior under stress*
Authors: Kajii Yasushi , Ninomiya Daiki , Kato Mitsuhiro , Mizuguchi Masashi , Saji Makoto , Katsumoto Tetsuo , Ohno Kousaku , Takashima Sachio , Onodera Kazukiyo
Published: July 2002

Summry— Protein tyrosine kinases play important roles in the development of the mammalian nervous system during embryogenesis and in the maintenance of function of the adult brain. Using a semi‐nested PCR technique based on a short amino acid motif of protein tyrosine kinases, we isolated a human genomic DNA encoding a peptide whose sequence was related to known mammalian protein tyrosine kinases. The expression was examined by Northern blot analysis, and transcripts were detected almost exclusively in the brain. The corresponding cDNA was sequenced, and it was revealed that the gene designated as byk coded for a receptor‐like molecule with a motif of protein tyrosine kinase. Immunohistochemical analysis demonstrated that the Byk protein was expressed in neurons and was located in the nuclear envelope. To understand the physiological significance of the Byk protein, we investigated the behavior of this molecule in the hippocampus after ischemia. Byk‐like immunoreactivity disappeared from the neurons in the fields CA1 through CA3 and the dentate gurus of the hippocampus following 20 min of ischemia. After recirculation of blood flow, neurons in the CA3 field and the dentate gyrus re‐expressed Byk‐like antigen but CA1 neurons did not. Interestingly, Byk‐like immunoreactivity was detected in microglial cells and astrocytes in the CA1 field that were activated after ischemia. Byk could be a new tool to study the neuron‐glia and glia‐glia interactions.
Rhinitis: do diagnostic criteria affect the prevalence and treatment?
Authors: Wang D.‐Y. , Niti M. , Smith J. D. , Yeoh K. H. , Ng T. P.
Published: July 2002

Background: Rhinitis is one of the world's most common health problems. Diagnostic criteria used in community surveys may affect reported prevalence and treatment.

Methods: A proportionately stratified random sample study was performed to investigate the prevalence, comorbidities and management of community‐based patients with rhinitis in the tropical urban city of Singapore.

Results: The prevalence of at least one, two, three, or four nasal symptoms on most days during the past year in our study population was 25.5%, 13.1%, 6.5%, and 3.0%, respectively. Based on the definition of ‘rhinitis’ by the International Consensus Report (ICR), the prevalence was 13.1% in Singapore. There was significantly higher prevalence of self‐reported allergy, asthma, and common cold/influenza‐like illness among the rhinitis group. In the 53% of rhinitis subjects seeking for medical help, 71% visited a primary care physician and 20% an otolaryngologist. Treatments as reported by patients were decongestants (topical or oral) 27%, antibiotics 12%, antihistamines 6%, nasal steroids 3%, surgery 2%, traditional methods 28%, and 22% did not know what medication they had. Subjects considered the effectiveness of treatment unsatisfactory because the majority of them had only partial or no relief with any treatment.

Conclusions: The standardization of the definition of rhinitis in epidemiological studies is of crucial importance, especially when comparing the prevalence between studies. Appropriate patient education by physicians with a good understanding of the nature of rhinitis and the available treatment options (e.g. evidenced‐based efficacy, safety, and a good cost‐benefit ratio) will maximize patient compliance and treatment outcomes.
Solvolysis and aminolysis on peptidyl‐Kaiser oxime resin assisted by Ca2+and Eu3+: a mild procedure to prepare α‐methyl and ‐ethyl esters of protected peptides
Authors: Moraes C.M. , Bemquerer M.P. , Miranda M. T. M.
Published: July 2002

Abstract: Ca2+ and Eu3+ were able to assist solvolysis on peptidyl‐Kaiser oxime resins generating α‐methyl and ‐ethyl esters of protected peptides. The methanolysis assistance was at least twice as effective as that of acetic acid, the common catalyst used in aminolysis of the ester oxime linkage. No molar excess of Ca2+ or Eu3+ was needed to enhance this reaction efficiency. Ca2+ also assisted aminolysis on peptidyl‐Kaiser oxime resins. Solvolysis and aminolysis rates depended on the nature of theC‐terminal residue attached to the resin and on the alcohol used. Both reactions were selective to the ester oxime linkage since no significant amount of secondary products, resulting from rearrangements or simultaneous transesterification of the β‐benzyl or cyclohexyl esters, was detected in the reaction media. The α‐methyl and ‐ethyl esters of Ac‐Ala‐Gly‐X [where, X = Gly, Ala, Phe or Lys (2‐Cl‐Z)] and of Ac‐Ile‐Ser (Bzl)‐Asp(OZ) (where, Z = Bzl or cHex) were essentially the only products formed in the solvolyses performed. Ac‐Ile‐Ser(Bzl)‐Asp(OcHex)Arg(HCl)‐OMe and Ac‐Ile‐Ser(Bzl)‐Asp(OcHex)Arg (HCl)‐OEt were the major products formed in the aminolysis reactions. In the presence of the metal ions, the resin‐cleavage yields were > 50%. In their absence, they were < 15%.
bcl‐2 expression in non‐Hodgkin's lymphomas is not associated with bcl‐2 gene rearrangements
Authors: Papakonstantinou Georgios , Verbeke Caroline , Hastka Jan , Bohrer Manfred , Hehlmann Rüdiger
Published: July 2002

Previous reports have associated bcl‐2 gene rearrangements found in non‐Hodgkin's lymphomas with an inappropriately elevated bcl‐2 expression compared with the mature B‐cell stage of development. This study investigates bcl‐2 expression in non‐Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHL) without bcl‐2 gene rearrangements. Molecular analysis in 168 patients with NHL revealed 45 patients without bcl‐2 gene rearrangements in which additional immunostaining for bcl‐2 protein was possible. An unexpectedly high prevalence (39/45) of bcl‐2 expression was found. The levels and patterns of bcl‐2 expression were not specific for the histological type of NHL and were similar to those shown in comparable cases with bcl‐2 gene rearrangements. In conclusion, bcl‐2 expression is not specific for NHL bearing bcl‐2 gene rearrangements. This finding implicates the existence of other deregulating control mechanisms of bcl‐2 expression, more important than bcl‐2 gene rearrangements.
Comparing global models of terrestrial net primary productivity (NPP): global pattern and differentiation by major biomes
Authors: Kicklighter D. W. , Bondeau A. , Schloss A. L. , Kaduk J. , Mcguire A. D. , Intercomparison ThE. Participants OF. ThE. Potsdam NpP. Model
Published: July 2002

Annual and seasonal net primary productivity estimates (NPP) of 15 global models across latitudinal zones and biomes are compared. The models simulated NPP for contemporary climate using common, spatially explicit data sets for climate, soil texture, and normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI). Differences among NPP estimates varied over space and time. The largest differences occur during the summer months in boreal forests (50° to 60°N) and during the dry seasons of tropical evergreen forests. Differences in NPP estimates are related to model assumptions about vegetation structure, model parameterizations, and input data sets.
Inducing superconductivity at a nanoscale: photodoping with a near‐field scanning optical microscope
Authors: Decca R. S. , Drew H. D. , Maiorov B. , Guimpel J. , Osquiguil E. J.
Published: July 2002

The local modification of an insulating GdBa2Cu3O6.5 thin film, made superconducting by illumination with a near‐field scanning optical microscope (NSOM), is reported. A 100‐nm aperture NSOM probe acts as a sub‐wavelength light source of wavelength λexc = 480–650 nm, locally generating photocarriers in an otherwise insulating GdBa2–Cu3O6.5 thin film. Of the photogenerated electron–hole pairs, electrons are trapped in the crystallographic lattice, defining an electrostatic confining potential to enable the holes to move. Reflectance measurements at λ = 1.55 μm at room temperature show that photocarriers can be induced and constrained to move on a ≈200 nm scale for all investigated λexc. Photogenerated wires present a superconducting critical temperature Tc = 12 K with a critical current density Jc = 104 A cm−2. Exploiting the flexibility provided by photodoping through a NSOM probe, a junction was written by photodoping a wire with a narrow (≈ 50 nm) under‐illuminated gap. The strong magnetic field modulation of the critical current provides a clear signature of the existence of a Josephson effect in the junction.
In vivo fluorescence correlation microscopy (FCM) reveals accumulation and immobilization of Nod factors in root hair cell walls
Authors: Goedhart Joachim , Hink Mark A. , Visser Antonie J. W. G. , Bisseling Ton , Gadella Theodorus W. J.
Published: July 2002

Fluorescence correlation microscopy (FCM) is a new single‐molecule detection technique based on the confocal principle to quantify molecular diffusion and concentration of fluorescent molecules (particles) with sub‐micron resolution. In this study, FCM is applied to examine the diffusional behaviour of fluorescent Nod factor analogues on living Vicia sativa root hairs. Three recently described Nod factors with a fluorescent acyl chain (Goedhart et al. Biochemistry 1999, 38, 10898–10907) were used. Plasmolysis of fluorescently labelled root hairs showed that the Nod factors are predominantly located in the cell wall, as hardly any fluorescence could be detected in the plasma membrane. After Nod factor‐induced root hair deformation, the new outgrowth was not labelled, indicating a lack of migration of Nod factors to the newly synthesized cell wall. In agreement, FCM showed a > 1000‐fold reduction of molecular mobility of the fluorescence Nod factors upon binding to the cell wall. In addition, FCM demonstrated that Nod factors, when exogenously applied in aqueous solution at 10 nM, markedly concentrate in the cell wall of root hairs (up to 50‐fold). The feasibility of applying FCM for the study of living plant cells as well as the implications of our results for the perception of Nod factors are discussed.
Production of Glycosaminoglycans by the Porcine Oviduct in Relation to Sperm Storage
Authors: Tienthai P , Suzuki K , Pertoft H , Kjellén L , Rodriguez‐Martinez H
Published: July 2002

Contents

Follicular and oviductal fluids have shown modulatory effects on sperm capacitation of boar spermatozoa in vitro, implicating glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) in the process. Capacitation in pigs is believed to occur in vivo during storage in the sperm reservoir, where spermatozoa maintain viability and membrane stability awaiting ovulation. Exposure to the nonsulphated GAG hyaluronan induces capacitation in vitro (chlortetracycline‐monitored) without eliciting acrosome exocytosis, indicating that it exerts a protective role on sperm viability. Oviductal fluids (isthmus and ampulla) of cycling sows were collected in vivo to disclose temporal changes in concentrations of both sulphated and nonsulphated GAGs between late pro‐oestrus and meta‐oestrus. Further, heparan‐sulphate and hyaluronan were immunohistochemically localized in the oviductal tissues of uninseminated and inseminated sows, around the period of ovulation. Concentrations of sulphated GAGs were two‐fold higher than hyaluronan. All tubal GAGs increased significantly from late pro‐oestrus and were highest during the pre‐ovulatory period before beginning to decrease postovulation, the exception being the ampullar hyaluronan, whose levels remained high towards meta‐oestrus. Heparan sulphate (syndecans) and hyaluronan were both immunohistochemically detected in the endosalpinx. Syndecan‐immunolabelling was present in the epithelium and stroma along the tube, whereas hyaluronan was always localized in the lamina propria and most of the lining epithelium was negative, during the stages studied. The only exception was the sperm reservoir (deep crypts and furrows of the Utero‐tubal Junction UTJ/isthmus) where sperm clusters were seen close to the epithelial HA‐immunolabelling in the inseminated sows, but only pre‐ovulatory. The presence of GAGs in the tubal fluid and the conspicuous location of hyaluronan suggest they play a role in the formation and function of the sperm reservoir.
Detection of staphylococcal superantigens from contact‐lens‐induced inflammatory diseases
Authors: Zhu H , Willcox M D P
Published: July 2002

Purpose: We investigated the correlation between the production of superantigens in Staphylococcus‐aureus‐induced ulcer and contact‐lens‐induced peripheral ulcer (CLPU) and infiltrative keratitis (IK).

Methods: Twenty‐five S. aureus strains used in the study were isolated either from CLPU cases (six), or IK events (13) or asymptomatic eyes (six). A polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was employed to detect genes for superantigenic staphylococcal enterotoxins A–D, toxic shock syndrome toxin‐1 and exfoliative toxins A and B. Reversed passive latex aggregation, enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and immunoblot were used to examine the production of staphylococcal enterotoxins A–D and toxic shock syndrome toxin‐1.

Results: The frequency of the superantigenic genes was not significantly different among the clinical isolates when asymptomatic isolates were compared with the strains isolated from CLPU and IK events. ELISA and immunoblot showed non‐specific protein cross‐reactions.

Conclusions: The results suggest that detection of superantigenic toxin genes in ocular strains of S. aureus by PCR is a specific, sensitive, rapid and inexpensive alternative to traditional immunological assays. The role, if any, of the S. aureus superantigens in the production of CLPU/IK remains uncertain.
Effect of tear‐specific immunoglobulin A on the adhesion of Pseudomonas aeruginosa 1 to contact lenses
Authors: Lan J , Willcox M D P , Jackson G D F
Published: July 2002

Purpose: The aims of the study were (i) to determine the immunodominant antigens of Pseudomonas aeruginosa 1 (Paer1) to tear secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA); (ii) to study the role of sIgA in inhibiting bacterial adhesion to contact lenses.

Methods: SDS–PAGE and Western blotting were used to study the interaction of tear sIgA with Paer1; an adhesion assay was used to study the effect of sIgA on the adhesion of Paer1 to the contact lenses.

Results: The results of our study showed that the immunodominant molecules of Paer1 which reacted with tear sIgA were of molecular masses of 105, 50, 45 kDa; the binding of sIgA to Paer1 resulted in a reduction of the adhesion of Paer1 to worn Etafilcon A contact lenses.

Conclusions: In conclusion, Paer1‐specific sIgA are present in tears; the immunodominant molecules of Paer1 may be adhesins and tear‐specific sIgA might play an important role in protecting the eye from contact‐lens‐induced corneal infection by preventing bacterial attachment to contact lenses and the ocular surface.
A quantitative analysis of eye movements during the cover test – a preliminary report
Authors: Barnard N. A. Simon , Thomson W. David
Published: July 2002

The aim of this study was to carry out quantitative analyses of eye movements during the cover test on a group (n = 57) of asymptomatic emmetropes. Eye movements were recorded during an automated cover test while subjects fixated a distance (3.4 m) and near (0.4 m) target. There was a significant difference between the amplitude of phoria measured after 2 s of occlusion compared to 10 s (P < 0.01). The mean phoria after 10 s of occlusion was 0.1° (eso) for distance fixation and 1.6° (exo) for near fixation. The distribution was approximately normal for both distance and near fixation but the standard deviation was greater for near (2.0°) than distance fixation (1.4°). The pattern of eye movements during the recovery phase was more complex than is often assumed, in many cases consisting of a variety of saccadic and vergence movements involving both the covered and ‘fixing’ eye. The latency of the first recovery movement was significantly shorter for exophoric than esophoric deviations (P < 0.01) and the latency of some recovery movements were very short (< 150 ms).
Clinical comparison of the Keeler Pulsair 2000, American Optical MkII and Goldmann applanation tonometers
Authors: Mackie S. W. , Jay J. L. , Ackerley R. , Walsh G.
Published: July 2002

The aim of our study was to evaluate the performance of both the Keeler Pulsair 2000 and the American Optical (AO) MkII non‐contact tonometers (NCT) and compare these to the reference Goldmann standard using the same group of patients. Forty‐five patients (89 eyes) receiving medical treatment for primary open angle glaucoma had their intraocular pressure (IOP) measured with each instrument in a random order using five experienced observers. In the IOP range of the sample (6–27 mmHg) the difference between means for each tonometer was small. The Pulsair 2000 (mean = 19.06 mmHg, SD 6.28) read slightly higher than Goldmann (mean = 18.01 mmHg, SD 4.88), whereas the AO MkII read slightly lower (mean = 16.27 mmHg, SD 5.93). However, all differences were statistically significant (P < 0.001, repeat measures ANOVA). Correlation coefficients for Pulsair 2000 versus Goldmann was r = 0.82 and for AO MkII versus Goldmann was r = 0.85. In addition, the repeatability for each NCT was assessed using 10 consecutive measurements on a further 10 subjects. The Pulsair 2000 showed significantly greater variation of IOP (mean SD 3.43 mmHg) than the AO MkII (mean SD 1.76 mmHg), confirming the need for taking at least four readings per eye with the Pulsair 2000. These variations are greater than that generally observed with Goldmann, and possible explanations why this occurs are discussed. In conclusion, subject to these limitations, both NCTs should be useful for measuring IOP as part of a screening protocol for glaucoma.
Automated static perimetry in myopes with peripapillary crescents‐‐Part II
Authors: Rudnicka Alicja R. , Edgar David F.
Published: July 2002

Central visual fields were investigated by automated static perimetry, using programs 30‐2 and 30‐1 of the Humphrey Field Analyzer (HFA), in a group of healthy myopic individuals with peripapillary crescents and tigroid fundus changes only. Results were compared with ‘non‐myopic’ and ‘myopic subjects without crescents’ control groups. The sample comprised 122 young, healthy volunteers between the ages of 18.5 and 35.4 years, free from any ocular or systemic disease, with refractive errors ranging from +4.00 to −25.75 D. Linear regression results are presented and may be useful in predicting the global indices mean deviation (MD) and mean sensitivity (MS), given either the axial length of ocular refraction, for medium and high myopes. Analysis of the HFA printouts revealed significantly depressed locations in all subject groups. However, locations identified at the 2, 1 and 0.5% probability levels were observed more frequently and more commonly in the myopes with peripapillary crescents than in the control groups. In this non‐glaucomatous sample, four myopes had a borderline glaucoma hemifield test and two fell outside normal limits of this test. The superior hemifield, particularly the upper temporal quadrant, appeared to be most affected. Enlargement of the blind spot occurred in some subjects. Several possible explanations are suggested for the visual field sensitivity reduction in myopia.