bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Anxiety Over Technology (And Why I Like Computers Anyway)
Authors: Secan Mark E.
Published: June 2022

The progress of computer-assisted instruction (CAI) as an educational tool is being hampered by a number of trends in the CAI community. This article explores some of these trends and their effects on producers and educators. Several common-sense suggestions are provided which, if followed, will help minimize these effects, thus improving the quality of CAI while making materials development more efficient.
The Computer Lesson As An Integrated Element In The Academic EFL Reading Curriculum
Authors: Schcolnik Miriam , Rubin Harriet
Published: June 2022

This paper describes the development, implementation and evaluation of a new computer project at Tel Aviv University and compares it to an earlier program implemented in 1983/1984. The materials developed were piloted and then fully incorporated into the curriculum in 1988/1989. Attitude questionnaires and formative evaluation forms were administered at the end of each semester. The results of the evaluation were compared with those of the earlier program. This comparison yielded interesting observations about the importance of integrating courseware and classware by combining efforts of curriculum designers, materials developers and language instructors.
Using Système-D In A Classroom Environment
Authors: Burston Jack L.
Published: June 2022

The purpose of this paper is to provide an evaluation of the effectiveness of Système-D, a composition resource tool, in a first-year university level advanced language classroom environment, incorporating a simple text editor, a small bidirectional French-English dictionary, a lexicon of thematically related vocabulary and phrases, and elementary grammar notes. Système-D has great potential to enhance basic writing skills. Unfortunately, on their own, few students show themselves willing or able to profit from what Système-D has to offer. Maximum exploitation of the program requires its integration into the curriculum and the classroom. When used as a vehicle for directed text manipulation exercises. In combination with peer group teaching, Système-D can lead to welcome improvements in grammatical accuracy. The active involvement of the instructor in the process, however, is crucial to its success. Complete control of Système-D's functions and a thorough knowledge of the contents of its data bases are a sine qua non for the selection of topics, preparation of exercise texts, and provision of supplementary pedagogical materials.
U.S. Air Force Academy Summer Foreign Language Camp
Authors: USAFA USAFA
Published: June 2022

Our positive experience with last summer's language camp suggests three objectives that must underlie any viable solution to the problem of improving foreign language instruction: 1) greater cooperation among educators and educational institutions at various levels; 2) stimulating student motivation through innovation use of technology, including IVD; and 3) increasing student involvement in the learning process.
Development Of An English Grammar Checker
Authors: Liou Hsien-Chin
Published: June 2022

In order to leave more time for EFL teachers to work on higher-level re-writing tasks, we decided to develop a computer grammar checker. The first stage of development was devoted to error analysis of 125 writing samples collected from our students. We found 1659 errors and classified them into 14 main types and 93 subtypes. The analysis served as the basis for constructing a taxonomy of mistakes and ranking the categories according to frequency of occurrence and comprehensibility. To implement the grammar checker, we first built a small electronic dictionary with 1402 word stems and necessary features, and designed a suffix processor to accommodate morpho-syntactic variants of each word stem. We then constructed an ATN parser, equipped with phrase structure rules and error patterns. In addition, a set of disambiguating rules for multiple word categories was designed to eliminate unlikely categories and thus increase the parser's efficiency. The current implementation detects seven types of errors and provides corresponding feedback messages. Future research will be focused on detecting more types of mistakes with greater precision and on providing appropriate editing strategies.
Parsing, Error Diagnostics And Instruction In A French Tutor
Authors: Labrie Gilles , Singh L.P.S.
Published: June 2022

This paper describes the strategy used in Miniprof, a program designed to provide "intelligent' instruction on elementary topics in French. In case of an erroneous response from a student, the program engages him/her in a Socratic dialogue. It asks specific questions about the sentence involved, thereby leading the student to identify each mistake and its correction. The systematic error detection and subsequent human-like instruction specific to the student's response is achieved by using three major functions: parsing, error diagnostics, and tutoring. The design of the system and the issues involved are discussed.
Getting Started with CD Audio in HyperCard
Authors: Becker Donald A.
Published: June 2022

This article examines the use of the Voyager CD AudioStack™ to provide HyperCard stacks designed to promote language learning with the ability to play on command precisely specified portions of off-the-shelf audio compact discs in a CD-ROM drive. Four German and Russian HyperCard stacks that benefit directly from the on-line availability of large amounts of digital audio are described and their construction is outlined.
Perbandingan antara Mobilisasi Cepat dan Mobilisasi Lambat terhadap Komplikasi Neurologis pada Pasien Anestesi Spinal
Authors: Setijanto Eko , Thamri Husni , Caprianus Andi Rizki
Published: June 2022

Anestesi spinal merupakan metode yang ekonomis, aman, nyaman, dan efektif yang memberikan anestesi cepat dan dapat diandalkan. Pasien pascaoperasi dengan anestesi spinal yang dilakukan mobilisasi cepat memberikan keuntungan dibanding dengan mobilisasi setelah tirah baring 24 jam. Penelitian ini bertujuan menilai perbandingan antara pasien mobilisasi cepat dan mobilisasi lambat pada pasien pasca-anestesi spinal terhadap komplikasi neurologis yang terjadi. Penelitian dilakukan di Instalasi Bedah Sentral RSUD Dr. Moewardi Surakarta selama Juli–Agustus 2018. Penelitian ini menggunakan uji klinis acak tersamar ganda pada 30 pasien yang menjalani operasi dengan anestesi spinal yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Sampel dibagi menjadi 2 kelompok, yaitu kelompok yang mendapat perlakuan mobilisasi setelah efek anestesi spinal hilang dan kelompok yang mendapat perlakuan mobilisasi setelah tirah baring 24 jam. Hasil penelitian didapat tidak ada perbedaan yang signifikan komplikasi neurologis pada pasien pascaanestesi spinal yang dilakukan mobilisasi cepat dibanding dengan mobilisasi lambat dengan nilai p=0,456. Simpulan penelitian ini tidak ada perbedaan kejadian komplikasi neurologis antara pasien pascaanestesi spinal dengan mobilisasi cepat dan mobilisasi setelah tirah baring 24 jam.
Perbedaan Efektivitas Gabapentin, Deksametason, dan Gabapentin+Deksametason terhadap Angka Kejadian PONV Pascaoperasi Telinga Tengah
Authors: Santosa Sugeng Budi , Putro Bambang Novianto , Wardhana Irfan Tri Budhi
Published: June 2022

Post operative nausea vomiting (PONV) merupakan salah satu komplikasi tersering pascaoperatif terutama pada operasi risiko tinggi seperti operasi telinga tengah. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis perbedaan efektivitas gabapentin, deksametason, dan gabapentin+deksametason dalam mencegah PONV. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental dengan pendekatan double blind randomized control trial pada 30 pasien ASA I dan II yang sudah memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan menjalani operasi telinga tengah dengan anestesi umum di Instalasi Bedah Sentral RSUD dr Moewardi Surakarta pada Maret–Mei 2019. Kelompok sampel terbagi dalam 3 kelompok, yaitu kelompok deksametason, kelompok gabapentin, dan kelompok gabapentin+deksametason. Pencatatan meliputi skala PONV (0–3) yang dinilai pada jam ke-1, 12, dan 24 pascaoperasi. Analisis statistik yang digunakan untuk uji perbedaan PONV adalah Uji Kruskal. Skala PONV pada jam ke-1, 12, dan 24 antara ketiga kelompok tidak didapatkan perbedaan signifikan (p>0,05). Simpulan, gabapentin, deksametason, dan gabapentin+deksametason tidak memiliki perbedaan efektivitas terhadap angka kejadian PONV pascaoperasi telinga tengah, akan tetapi kombinasi kedua obat tersebut memberikan hasil yang lebih baik.
Perbedaan Efektivitas Iodine Povidone 1% dengan Listerine® sebagai Preparat Perawatan Mulut terhadap Pencegahan Ventilator Associated Pneumonia
Authors: Arianto Ardana Tri , Putro Bambang Novianto , Chuandy Indra
Published: June 2022

Perawatan mulut merupakan salah satu cara mencegah ventilator associated pneumonia (VAP) pada pasien yang menggunakan ventilasi mekanik. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui prevalensi VAP dan efektivitas preparat antiseptik pada perawatan mulut pasien terintubasi terhadap pencegahan VAP. Penelitian menggunakan uji klinis acak tersamar tunggal pada 36 pasien dengan ventilasi mekanik pasien yang dirawat di ICU RS Dr. Moewardi bulan Februari–Mei 2017. Sampel dibagi menjadi 2 kelompok, yaitu kelompok iodine povidone 1% dan Listerine®. Awalnya dilakukan penilaian kebersihan mulut dengan simplified oral hygiene index. Setelahnya, dilakukan perawatan mulut menggunakan salah satu preparat. Setelah 48 jam, dilakukan penilaian ulang kebersihan mulut dan skor clinical pulmonary indicator score (CPIS). Timbul VAP bila skor CPIS ≥6. Data dianalisis dengan uji Mann Whitney dan independetn t-test. Kelompok iodine povidone 1% memiliki perubahan skor kebersihan mulut dengan selisih yang lebih kecil (0,195) dibanding dengan Listerine® (0,3605). Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa Listerine® lebih efektif menjaga kebersihan mulut (p=0,024). Listerine® secara signifikan lebih efektif dalam mencegah VAP bila dibanding dengan iodine povidone 1% (p=0,001). Tidak ada perbedaan signifikan pada subjek yang meninggal akibat VAP positif dengan negatif (p=0,280). l Simpulan listerine® memiliki efektivitas lebih tinggi mencegah VAP dibanding dengan iodine povidone 1%.
Perbandingan Kombinasi Parasetamol dan Deksametason dengan Deksametason Praoperasi untuk Mengurangi Angka Kejadian Nyeri Tenggorok Pascaanestesi Umum
Authors: Laory Jansen , Kadarsah Rudi Kurniadi , Indriasari
Published: June 2022

Postoperative sore throat (POST) setelah anestesi umum dengan pemasangan pipa endotrakea merupakan komplikasi yang sering terjadi dan tidak diinginkan. Angka kejadian nyeri tenggorok pascaoperasi setelah pemasangan pipa endotrakea adalah 6–76%. Penelitian ini bertujuan membandingkan efek kombinasi parasetamol dan deksametason dengan deksametason tunggal untuk mengurangi angka kejadian POST pada pasien setelah anestesi umum. Penelitian ini merupakan eksperimental dengan melakukan uji klinis rancangan acak lengkap terkontrol buta ganda. Penelitian dilakukan di RSUP Dr. Hasan Sadikin bulan Januari–April 2021. Total 92 pasien yang dijadwalkan operasi elektif dibagi secara acak menjadi 2 kelompok. Kelompok deksametason dan parasetamol (n=46) diberikan deksametason 10 mg dan parasetamol 1.000 mg intravena. Kelompok deksametason (n=46) diberikan deksametason 10 mg intravena dan plasebo. Pada penelitian ini, derajat POST dipantau. Angka kejadian POST didapatkan lebih rendah pada kelompok kombinasi deksametason dan parasetamol dibanding dengan kelompok deksametason dan plasebo pada jam ke-0, 1, dan 6 (p=0,0001, p=0,001, dan p=0,0001). Simpulan penelitian ini adalah kombinasi deksametason parasetamol lebih baik dibanding dengan deksametason tunggal dalam menurunkan angka kejadian POST anestesi umum.
Nursing Process in Primary Care: perception of nurses
Authors: Spazapan Marta Patricia , Marques Dalvani , Almeida-Hamasaki Beatriz Pera de , Carmona Elenice Valentim
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACT Objectives: to understand the perception of Primary Health Care nurses about the application of the Nursing Process. Methods: this is a qualitative, descriptive study. Data was collected through semi-structured interviews with Primary Health Care nurses from a city in the interior of the state of São Paulo, analyzed by Content Analysis under the theoretical framework of Work Process. Results: three categories were obtained: Extrinsic factors to the Nursing Process; Intrinsic factors to the Nursing Process; and Knowledge. Final Considerations: the nurses considered the Nursing Process relevant for the profession, but historical, political, and social issues related to nursing, and health, as well as conflicts regarding its concept and academic training, hinder its application.
Processo de Enfermagem na Atenção Primária: percepção de enfermeiros
Authors: Spazapan Marta Patricia , Marques Dalvani , Almeida-Hamasaki Beatriz Pera de , Carmona Elenice Valentim
Published: June 2022

RESUMO Objetivos: compreender a percepção dos enfermeiros da Atenção Primária à Saúde sobre a aplicação do Processo de Enfermagem. Métodos: estudo qualitativo, descritivo. Os dados foram coletados por entrevistas semiestruturadas com enfermeiros da Atenção Primária à Saúde de uma cidade do interior do estado de São Paulo, analisados pela Análise de Conteúdo sob o referencial teórico de Processo de Trabalho. Resultados: obtiveram-se três categorias: Fatores extrínsecos ao Processo de Enfermagem; Fatores intrínsecos ao Processo de Enfermagem; e Saber. Considerações Finais: os enfermeiros consideraram o Processo de Enfermagem relevante para a profissão, mas questões de ordem histórica, política e social relativas à enfermagem e à saúde, bem como conflitos quanto ao seu conceito e à formação acadêmica, dificultam sua aplicação.
Prevalence of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus and associated factors in pregnant women in the state of Pará
Authors: Pompeu Helloyza Halana Fernanda Aquino , Moraes Lilia Pimenta de , Santos Camila Cristina Girard , Shibata Helber Yanaguibashi , Rocha Jonas Elias Castro da , Pereira Alexandre Aguiar , Barros Conceição do Socorro Damasceno , Monteiro Cristiane Patrícia Siqueira
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACT Objectives: to analyze the prevalence of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus and the associated factors in pregnant women in the state of Pará. Methods: retrospective, analytical, quantitative study with a sample of 332 medical records of HIV-positive pregnant women hospitalized at the Referral Maternity Hospital in the state of Pará between 2010 and 2019. Bivariate and multivariate statistical analysis were performed with the variables collected. Results: the average prevalence in the period was 2.39% and the Metropolitan Region concentrated 66.87% of cases. There was a strong relationship between the number of antenatal consultations and lack of knowledge of serological status (p value equal to 0.01E-17) variables, and a correlation between the education and number of antenatal consultations variables. Conclusions: the increase in the infection rate during the study period revealed the need to intensify health actions, early diagnosis and strategies to improve adherence to antiretroviral treatment for maternal viral suppression and reduction of the risk of vertical transmission, contributing to improve public policies.
Prevalência do Vírus da Imunodeficiência Humana e fatores associados em gestantes no estado do Pará
Authors: Pompeu Helloyza Halana Fernanda Aquino , Moraes Lilia Pimenta de , Santos Camila Cristina Girard , Shibata Helber Yanaguibashi , Rocha Jonas Elias Castro da , Pereira Alexandre Aguiar , Barros Conceição do Socorro Damasceno , Monteiro Cristiane Patrícia Siqueira
Published: June 2022

RESUMO Objetivos: analisar a prevalência do Vírus da Imunodeficiência Humana e os fatores associados em gestantes no estado do Pará. Métodos: estudo analítico, quantitativo e retrospectivo com a amostra de 332 prontuários de gestantes HIV positivas internadas na Maternidade de Referência do estado do Pará, no período de 2010 a 2019. Com as variáveis coletadas, procedeu-se a análise estatística bivariada e multivariada. Resultados: a média de prevalência no período foi de 2,39% e a Região Metropolitana concentrou 66,87% dos casos. Houve forte relação entre as variáveis número de consultas pré-natais e desconhecimento do status sorológico (p valor igual a 0,01E-17) e correlação entre as variáveis escolaridade com o número de consultas pré-natais. Conclusões: o aumento da taxa de infecção no período estudado revelou a necessidade de intensificar as ações de saúde, o diagnóstico precoce e as estratégias para a melhoria da adesão ao tratamento antirretroviral para supressão viral materna e redução do risco de transmissão vertical, contribuindo para aprimorar as políticas públicas.
Factors associated with the incidence of pressure wounds in critical patients: a cohort study
Authors: Teixeira Andreza de Oliveira , Brinati Lídia Miranda , Toledo Luana Vieira , Silva Neto José Faustino da , Teixeira Daniela Lucas de Paula , Januário Carla de Fátima , Silva Neto Letícia Marques da , Salgado Patrícia de Oliveira
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACT Objectives: to identify the incidence of pressure wound in critical patients and its associated factors. Methods: retrospective cohort study, based on the analysis of 369 critical patients’ records. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used, as well as logistic regression. Results: the incidence of pressure wounds was 11.4%. Patients who had been hospitalized for four days or more (OR 2.99; CI95% 1.15-7.78), used nasoenteric tubes (OR: 3.81; CI95%: 1.4010.38), vesical drainage catheters (OR: 4.78; CI95%: 1.31-17.38) and tracheostomy (OR: 3.64; CI95%: 1.48-8.97) had a higher chance of developing pressure wounds. The mean score of the Braden scale among participants who developed (14.2 points) pressure wounds was statistically different (p<0.001) than that of those who did not (12.3 points). Conclusions: the incidence of pressure wounds was associated with a higher time in the unit, the use of nasoenteric tubes, vesical drainage catheters, and tracheostomies were associated with a higher time of hospitalization in the unit.
Fatores associados à incidência de lesão por pressão em pacientes críticos: estudo de coorte
Authors: Teixeira Andreza de Oliveira , Brinati Lídia Miranda , Toledo Luana Vieira , Silva Neto José Faustino da , Teixeira Daniela Lucas de Paula , Januário Carla de Fátima , Silva Neto Letícia Marques da , Salgado Patrícia de Oliveira
Published: June 2022

RESUMO Objetivos: identificar a incidência de lesão por pressão em pacientes críticos e os fatores associados à sua ocorrência. Métodos: estudo de coorte retrospectiva, baseando-se na análise dos prontuários de 369 pacientes críticos. Utilizou-se estatística descritiva e inferencial, com regressão logística. Resultados: a incidência de lesão por pressão foi de 11,4%. Pacientes com internação por mais de quatro dias (OR 2,99; IC95% 1,15-7,78), em uso de cateter nasoentérico (OR: 3,81; IC95%: 1,4010,38), cateter vesical de demora (OR: 4,78; IC95%: 1,31-17,38) e traqueostomia (OR: 3,64; IC95%: 1,48-8,97) apresentaram maior chance de desenvolver lesão por pressão. A pontuação média da escala de Braden entre os pacientes que desenvolveram (14,2 pontos) ou não (12,3 pontos) lesão por pressão foi estatisticamente diferente (p<0,001). Conclusões: a incidência de lesão por pressão esteve associada ao maior tempo de permanência na unidade, utilização de cateter nasoentérico, cateter vesical de demora e traqueostomia.
Predictors burden in mental health workers during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Mombelli Janaina Maria Rodrigues , Barbosa Guilherme Correa , Claro Heloísa Garcia , Boska Gabriella de Andrade , Oliveira Márcia Aparecida Ferreira de
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACT Objectives: to analyze burden predictors in mental health workers during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: a quantitative study, collected between October and December 2020 through a sociodemographic questionnaire and Mental Health Service Burden Assessment Scale, in four services in a municipality in the state of São Paulo, Brazil, with 108 workers. Descriptive analysis and multiple linear regression of ordinary least squares were performed, in search of predictors for variation in the scale score. Results: it showed median work burden (2.03). Predictors: psychological or psychiatric follow-up; normal performance of activities during the pandemic; direct action with suspected or confirmed cases of COVID-19; and belonging to the risk group (people over 60 years of age, diabetics, hypertensive, cardiac, respiratory problems) (p<0.05). Conclusions: working conditions observed during the pandemic, simultaneously with workers’ mental health care needs predict burden at work in health.
Preditores de sobrecarga dos trabalhadores de saúde mental durante a pandemia de COVID-19
Authors: Mombelli Janaina Maria Rodrigues , Barbosa Guilherme Correa , Claro Heloísa Garcia , Boska Gabriella de Andrade , Oliveira Márcia Aparecida Ferreira de
Published: June 2022

RESUMO Objetivos: analisar os preditores de sobrecarga dos trabalhadores de saúde mental durante a pandemia de COVID-19. Métodos: estudo quantitativo, coletado entre outubro e dezembro de 2020 por meio de questionário sociodemográfico e Escala de Avaliação da Sobrecarga de Profissionais em Serviços de Saúde Mental, em quatro serviços de um município do estado de São Paulo, Brasil, com 108 trabalhadores. Realizou-se análise descritiva e regressão linear múltipla de mínimos quadrados ordinários, em busca de preditores para a variação no escore da escala. Resultados: evidenciou-se mediana sobrecarga de trabalho (2,03). Preditores: acompanhamento psicológico ou psiquiátrico; desempenho normal das atividades durante a pandemia; atuação direta com casos suspeitos ou confirmados de COVID-19; e pertencer ao grupo de risco (pessoas acima de 60 anos, diabéticos, hipertensos, cardiopatas, problemas respiratórios) (p<0,05). Conclusões: condições de trabalho observadas durante a pandemia, simultaneamente com necessidades de cuidado à saúde mental dos trabalhadores, predizem sobrecarga no trabalho em saúde.
Parceiros sexuais sorodiferentes quanto ao HIV: representações sociais dos profissionais de serviços de saúde
Authors: Silva Valéria Gomes Fernandes da , Nogueira Isadora Lorena Alves , Elias Tatiana Maria Nóbrega , Reis Renata Karina , Souza Nilba Lima de , Menezes Rejane Maria Paiva de
Published: June 2022

RESUMO Objetivos: apreender a estrutura das representações sociais de profissionais de saúde dos Serviços de Assistência Especializada HIV/aids sobre os parceiros que vivem em sorodiferença quanto ao HIV. Métodos: estudo qualitativo, fundamentado na vertente estrutural das Representações Sociais, desenvolvido em serviços especializados da região metropolitana de um estado da Região Nordeste. Entrevistaram-se 51 profissionais com aplicação da técnica de associação livre de palavras, processadas pelo software IRaMuTeQ, mediante análise prototípica e de similitude. Resultados: o núcleo central foi constituído pelos termos “parceria”, “amor” e “medo”, evidenciando valorização de sentidos inerentes às suas crenças, valores e experiências que trazem possibilidades de reflexões para as práticas de saúde. Considerações Finais: os achados reforçam os impactos gerados nos diferentes segmentos da vida das pessoas que vivem com o HIV e em seus vínculos afetivos. Isso ressalta a necessidade da implementação de estratégias assistenciais contemplando o modelo de cuidado biopsicossocial em detrimento do modelo biológico.
Educational strategy to develop nursing students’ management competencies in hospital practice
Authors: Leal Laura Andrian , Silva Aline Teixeira , Ignácio Daniela Sarreta , Soares Mirelle Inácio , Ribeiro Nilva Maria , Henriques Silvia Helena
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACT Objectives: to apply and analyze an educational strategy to develop management skills in nursing students to work in hospital practice. Methods: exploratory, intervention, qualitative study conducted from February 2020 to 2021. Fifty-four nursing students from a public higher education institution participated in this study, in which thirteen workshops were held to discuss management cases. Subsequently, semi-structured interviews were conducted using inductive thematic analysis. Results: the case studies addressed the management competencies of communication, decision making, leadership, and interpersonal relationships. After the intervention, the strategy was evaluated through interviews, identifying positive aspects regarding knowledge acquisition; and other limiting aspects, such as limited time to discuss the cases. Final Considerations: the workshops proved to be effective as teaching strategies for students, adding new management knowledge that should help their performance as future nurses, capable of reflection, and the subjects of knowledge construction for the professional practice of nursing.
Assessment of the performance of the O-RADS MRI score for the evaluation of adnexal masses, with technical notes
Authors: Pereira Patrick Nunes , Yoshida Adriana , Sarian Luís Otavio , Barros Ricardo Hoelz de Oliveira , Jales Rodrigo Menezes , Derchain Sophie
Published: June 2022

Abstract Objective: To assess the performance of the Ovarian-Adnexal Reporting and Data System Magnetic Resonance Imaging (O-RADS MRI) score in the evaluation of adnexal masses and to provide technical notes about its current MRI parameters and concepts. Materials and Methods: This was a prospective study of 226 patients with 287 adnexal masses (190 submitted to surgery or biopsy and 97 followed for at least one year). We calculated the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value for the O-RADS MRI score, using ≥ 4 as the cutoff for malignancy. We performed a technical analysis of the main updates to the score, announced in September 2020 by the American College of Radiology, in comparison with the original (2013) version. Results: We found that an O-RADS MRI score of 4 or 5 was associated with malignancy of an adnexal mass, with a sensitivity of 91.11% (95% CI: 83.23-96.08), specificity of 94.92% (95% CI: 90.86-97.54), positive predictive value of 89.13% (95% CI: 81.71-93.77), negative predictive value of 95.90% (95% CI: 92.34-97.84), and overall accuracy of 93.73% (95% CI: 90.27-96.24). Conclusion: Our findings support the use of the O-RADS MRI score for evaluating adnexal masses, especially those considered indeterminate on ultrasound. The updates made recently to the O-RADS MRI score facilitate its interpretation and will allow its more widespread use, with no loss of diagnostic accuracy.
A nova ortodoxia do desenvolvimento: uma crítica do debate em torno da visão do Banco Mundial e elementos para uma abordagem alternativa neo-schumpeteriana
Authors: GADELHA CARLOS AUGUSTO GRABOIS
Published: June 2022

RESUMO O objetivo deste artigo é criticar o debate sobre a nova visão hegemônica do processo de desenvolvimento proposta pelo Banco Mundial. Primeiro, apresenta a insuficiência teórica do debate centrado no conceito de falhas de mercado, apontando que a abordagem neoclássica domina seus termos. Segundo, são apresentados alguns elementos teóricos de uma visão neo-schumpeteriana alternativa que rompe radicalmente com os fundamentos neoclássicos, incorporando história, instituições e mudanças tecnológicas na análise do processo de desenvolvimento, independentemente dos conceitos de falhas de mercado ou ideais.
Moeda, financiamento, sistema financeiro e trajetórias de desenvolvimento regional desigual: a perspectiva pós-keynesiana
Authors: AMADO ADRIANA M.
Published: June 2022

RESUMO O artigo examina os papéis que o dinheiro e o sistema financeiro desempenham no nível regional. Temos nossa análise baseada na teoria monetária pós-keynesiana e, mais precisamente, nos modelos desenvolvidos pela Dow. Esses modelos demonstram um processo de autoperpetuação que tende a ampliar as desigualdades iniciais em nível regional. O comportamento financeiro dos agentes tende a gerar um processo de concentração bancária que reforça as disparidades regionais reais.
A moral da dívida pública
Authors: SILVA MARCOS FERNANDES GONÇALVES DA
Published: June 2022

RESUMO Este artigo trata da dimensão moral da dívida pública e seu referencial teórico é a economia constitucional. Argumenta-se que a principal razão para a existência de qualquer vínculo moral entre dívida pública e ética é a transferência de custos para as gerações futuras. Em primeiro lugar, o artigo explora a análise da dívida pública de James Buchanan. Em segundo lugar, é descrito no artigo o ponto de vista neoclássico sobre o assunto. O principal objetivo aqui é estabelecer, partindo do ponto de vista positivo e passando por um normativo, o papel de uma análise deontológica do ônus da dívida. Depois disso, faço a ligação entre instituições, esquemas de incentivos e dívida.
Pressão externa e abertura comercial no Brasil
Authors: NASSUNO MARIANNE
Published: June 2022

RESUMO Este artigo discute a influência da pressão externa no processo de liberalização do comércio brasileiro. As condições sob as quais a pressão externa é definida são baseadas na abordagem de autores de políticas internacionais conhecidas como “realistas” e relacionadas aos interesses dos Estados, dependência de instrumentos específicos de pressão e vulnerabilidade à pressão. São analisados eventos como o declínio da hegemonia americana, a ascensão de países recém-industrializados, a globalização da economia internacional e a crise da dívida, que levaram a um aumento do conflito internacional durante a década de 1980, além de fatores domésticos, como o econômico. vulnerabilidade do Brasil.
Evolução e características do emprego no setor bancário
Authors: CERQUEIRA HUGO E. A. DA GAMA , AMORIM WILSON A. COSTA DE
Published: June 2022

RESUMO Este artigo analisa os efeitos de transformações recentes no sistema bancário brasileiro sobre o nível e a composição do emprego nesse setor. Indicamos as medidas adotadas pelos bancos para ajustar a baixos níveis de inflação e suas consequências sobre o nível de emprego, a rotatividade e a distribuição espacial do pessoal. Também discutimos as mudanças no perfil dos funcionários associadas à intensificação da automação e mudanças no gerenciamento do processo de trabalho.
Diferenciais de salários por gênero e cor: uma comparação entre as regiões metropolitanas brasileiras
Authors: CAVALIERI CLAUDIA HELENA , FERNANDES REYNALDO
Published: June 2022

RESUMO O estudo analisa o comportamento das diferenças salariais considerando gênero e raça nas áreas metropolitanas brasileiras. Com base em uma amostra da PNAD (1989), foram examinados empiricamente o padrão das diferenças salariais nas áreas metropolitanas em geral e, posteriormente, foi feita uma comparação regional. Repensando pesquisas anteriores, este artigo revela que, em média, os salários dos homens são mais altos que as mulheres e os recebidos pelos brancos são superiores aos negros. Mesmo após a realização de uma série de controles, tais como: idade, bolsa de estudos, local de vida e raça (gênero). As diferenças de gênero revelaram-se mais homogêneas entre as regiões do que as diferenças raciais.
DIFFERENT SURGICAL METHODS IN COLON ANASTOMOSIS: EXPERIMENTAL STUDY
Authors: CANTAY Hasan , AYDIN Ugur , OZAYDIN Isa , ANUK Turgut , TASCI Serap Koral , YILDIZ Ugur , ERMUTLU Dilem , AKSOY Ozgur
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACT - BACKGROUND: Although many methods have been defined for colonic anastomosis, anastomotic leak still remains important for sepsis control and successful healing. AIM: The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of conventional suture, polyglactin 910 mesh, and omental flap coverage on healing and anastomotic leak in experimental colonic anastomosis in rats. METHOD: This study was conducted on 18 Wistar rats and the animals were divided into three groups as follows: Group 1: primary suture group; Group 2: primary suture plus polyglactin 910 mesh group; and Group 3: primary suture plus omental flap coverage group. Groups were compared in terms of anastomotic bursting pressure, inflammation, fibroblastic activity, neovascularization, and collagen amount. RESULTS: There was a statistically significant difference in anastomotic bursting pressure between Groups 1 and 2 and between Groups 1 and 3 (p=0.004, p<0.05). There was a significant difference in fibroblastic activity between Groups 1 and 3 (p=0.011, p<0.05) and between Groups 2 and 3 (p=0.030, p<0.05). There was a significant difference in neovascularization and collagen between Groups 1 and 2 and between Groups 1 and 3 (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: This experimental study found that polyglactin 910 mesh and omental flap coverage for colocolic anastomoses improved the physical strength and healing of the anastomosis compared to conventional hand-stitched anastomoses. The polyglactin may be a safe alternative to 910 mesh in cases where the omental flap coverage cannot be used in the colonic anastomosis.
Assessment of Climate Change Using Humidity index of Thornthwaite Climate Classification in Pantanal Biome
Authors: Lorençone João Antonio , Aparecido Lucas Eduardo de Oliveira , Lorençone Pedro Antonio , Lima Rafael Fausto de , Torsoni Guilherme Botega
Published: June 2022

Abstract Thornthwaite climate classification indices are essential to interpret climate types in the state of the pantanal biome (Mato Grosso do Sul), simplifying calculation process and interpretation of climatological water balance by farmers. However, there are few studies found in the literature that characterize the climate of pantanel biome in different climatic scenarios. We seek to assess climate change using humidity index of Thornthwaite climate classification in pantanal biome. We used historical series of climate data from all 79 municipalities of Mato Grosso do Sul between 1987 and 2017, which were divided into microregions. Air temperature and precipitation were collected on a daily scale. Precipitation and potential evapotranspiration data allowed calculating water balance by the Thornthwaite and Mather method. We characterized all locations as wet and dry using aridity indices proposed by Thornthwaite. The global climate model used was BCC-CSM 1.1 developed at the Beijing Climate Center (BCC) with a resolution of 125 x 125 km. We used the scenarios RCP-2.6, RCP-4, RCP-6 and RCP-8.5 for analyzing 21st century projections (2041-2060 and 2061-2080 periods). Maps were generated from climate indices of Mato Grosso do Sul using kriging interpolation method with spherical model, one neighbor, and 0.25° resolution. The microregions showed different patterns regarding water balance components and humidity index. Humidity index had a mean of 15.94. The prevailing climate in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul is C2 (moist subhumid). The state of Mato Grosso do Sul has two well-defined periods during the year: a dry and a rainy period. Three climate types predominate in Mato Grosso do Sul and, according to the Thornthwaite classification, are B1 (humid), C2 (moist subhumid), and C1 (dry subhumid). Water characterization in Mato Grosso do Sul showed 234.78 mm year−1 of water surplus, 80.8 mm year−1 of water deficit, and 1,114.8 mm year−1 of potential evapotranspiration. Water deficit and potential evapotranspiration decrease as latitude increases. The climatic projections show, in all scenarios, reduce the area classified as umida in the state (B1, B2 and B3), besides adding the dry subhumid class (C1). The Scenario RCP 8.5 in 2061 - 2080 is the most worrisome situation of all, because the state can undergo major changes, especially in the pantanal biome region.
Impacto da Seca na Agricultura dos Territórios Agreste Central, Alto Sertão e Centro-Sul de Sergipe
Authors: Batista Daniela Ferreira , Albuquerque Tatiana Máximo Almeida
Published: June 2022

Resumo A gestão de risco das secas é fundamentada em três pilares principais sendo estes o monitoramento, a avaliação de impacto e a elaboração dos planos de ação. O Monitor de Secas do Brasil representa o início da gestão de riscos no país, no entanto ainda é necessário avançar nas demais etapas desse modelo de gestão. A agricultura é considerada mais sensível às variações climáticas, assim, estudos de impactos de seca neste setor buscam identificar vulnerabilidades e melhorar a capacidade adaptativa. Diante deste contexto, esta pesquisa identificou impactos de secas no setor agrícola em três territórios do estado de Sergipe. O coeficiente de correlação linear indicou que a produção de grãos e o rendimento médio da cultura possui correlação direta com a precipitação. Em relação aos dados do garantia-safra e da pecuária, a correlação não foi considerada aceitável. Verificou-se que as categorias de seca extrema e excepcional foram responsáveis por grandes perdas da safra de grãos. Apesar de ser em menor grau, a categoria de seca grave também gerou alguns danos a este setor. As categorias de seca fraca e moderada não resultaram em perdas na produção anual de grãos dos territórios, no entanto geraram prejuízos para pequenos produtores.
Estimation of Air Temperature Using Climate Factors in Brazilian Sugarcane Regions
Authors: Lorençone Pedro Antonio , Aparecido Lucas Eduardo de Oliveira , Lorençone João Antonio , Torsoni Guilherme Botega , Lima Rafael Fausto de
Published: June 2022

Abstract This study aimed to estimate the minimum and maximum monthly air temperatures in the sugarcane regions of Brazil. A 30-year historical series (1988-2018) of maximum (Tmax) and minimum (Tmin) air temperatures from the NASA/POWER platform was used for 62 locations that produce sugarcane in Brazil. Multiple linear regression was used for data modeling, in which the dependent variables were Tmin and Tmax and the independent variables were latitude, longitude, and altitude. The comparison between estimation models and the real data was performed using the statistical indices MAPE (accuracy) and adjusted coefficient of determination (R2adj) (precision). The lowest MAPE values of the models for estimating the minimum air temperature occurred mainly in the North during February, March, and January. Also, the most accurate models for estimating the maximum air temperature occurred in the Southeast region during January, February, and March. The MAPE and R2adj values showed accuracy and precision in the models for estimating both the maximum and minimum temperatures, indicating that the equations can be used to estimate temperatures in sugarcane areas. The Tmin estimation model for the Southeast region in July shows the best performance, with a MAPE value of 1.28 and an R2adj of 0.94. The Tmax model of the North region for September presents higher precision and accuracy, with values of 1.28 and 0.96, respectively.
Spatial Interpolation Techniques to Map Rainfall in Southeast Brazil
Authors: Aparecido Lucas Eduardo de Oliveira , Moraes Jose Reinaldo da Silva Cabral de , Lima Rafael Fausto de , Torsoni Guilherme Botega
Published: June 2022

Abstract The prediction, as well as the estimation of precipitation, is one of the challenges of the scientific community in the world, due to the high spatial and seasonal variability of this meteorological element. For this purpose, methodologies that allow the accurate interpolation of these elements have fundamental importance. Thus, we seek to evaluate the efficiency of the interpolation methods in the mapping of rainfall and compare it with multiple linear regression in tropical regions. The interpolation methods studied were inverse distance weighted (IDW) and Kriging. Monthly meteorological data rainfall from 1961 to 1990 was obtained from 1505 rainfall stations in the Southeast region of Brazil, provided by the National Institute of Meteorology. The comparison between the interpolated data and the real precipitation data of the surface meteorological stations was performed through the following analyzes: accuracy, presicion and tendency. The mean PYEAR, for summer, autumn, winter, and spring are 596 mm seasons−1 (s= ±118 mm), 254 mm seasons−1 (s= ±52 mm), 114 mm seasons−1 (s= ±54 mm) and 393 (s= ± 58 mm) mm seasons−1, respectively. The Kriging highlight accuracy slightly high in relation to IDW. Since the MAPEKRIGING was of 2% while the MAPEIDW was of 3%. The IDW and Kriging methods were accurate and, with low trends in precipitation estimation. While multiple linear regression showed low accuracy when compared with interpolation methods. Despite the lower accuracy the regression linear is more practical and easy to use, as it estimates the rain with only altitude, latitude and longitude, input variables that commonly known input variables. The largest errors in estimating the spatial distribution of precipitation occurred in Winter for all interpolation methods.
Análise Espaço-Temporal dos Eventos de Precipitação Intensa no Estado do Rio de Janeiro
Authors: Néto Nilson Coutinho Gomes , Santos Eliane Barbosa
Published: June 2022

Resumo Com o presente estudo, objetivou-se analisar a intensidade e tendência das precipitações intensas no Estado do Rio de Janeiro, a partir de 50 anos de dados diários (1968-2017) de 53 postos pluviométricos. Foram determinadas regiões homogêneas com base na média mensal das precipitações diárias intensas (≥ percentil 95) e analisados quatro indicadores de extremos climáticos: máxima precipitação anual em 1 dia (Rx1day), índice de intensidade diária simples (SDII), precipitação total anual de dias em que a precipitação ≥ percentil 95 (R95p) e precipitação total anual em dias úmidos (PRCPTOT). Para detectar tendências estatisticamente significativas, utilizou-se o teste de Mann-Kendall. A magnitude das tendências foi obtida pelo estimador de Sen. Os resultados evidenciaram duas regiões homogêneas de precipitação intensa. A região 2, composta por áreas das Baixadas Litorâneas, sudeste da região Metropolitana e sul do Norte Fluminense, apresentou precipitação mais intensa que as demais áreas do estado (região 1). A região 2 também apresentou maior quantidade de indicadores de extremos com tendências significativas (ao nível de confiança de 95%), que em sua maioria, foram de aumento de precipitação. No SDII, as magnitudes foram maiores ou iguais a +0,16 mm/dia/ano em Porciúncula, Conceição de Macabu, Cachoeiras de Macacu e Nova Friburgo.
Effect of a polymerization inhibitor on the chemomechanical properties and consistency of experimental resin composites
Authors: Grohmann Caio Vinícius Signorelli , Sinhoreti Mário Alexandre Coelho , Soares Eveline Freitas , Oliveira Robson Ferraz de , Souza-Júnior Eduardo José de Carvalho , Geraldeli Saulo
Published: June 2022

Abstract This study investigated the effect of butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) inhibitor on degree of conversion (DC), flexural strength (FS), flexural modulus (FM), Knoop microhardness (KH), microhardness reduction (HR), and consistency of experimental resin composites at different BHT concentrations: C0 (control-0%); C0.01 (0.01%); C0.025 (0.025%); C0.05 (0.05%); C0.1 (0.1%); and C0.5 (0.5%). For the consistency, the composites were tested immediately after being exposed to a dental chair headlight (0, 20, 40 and 60 s). Data concerning DC, FS, FM, KH, and HR were submitted to one-way ANOVA, while the consistency data was submitted to 2-way ANOVA; mean values were then compared (Tukey’s test; α=0.05). The KH, FS and FM analyses showed no significant difference among the composites tested. For DC, C0 showed the highest mean value (74.2%) and differed only from C0.5 (67.2%). For HR, C0.5 showed the lowest mean (13.09%) value and differed from C0 (26.4%) and C0.01 (24.87). The consistency analysis showed no difference among C0.05, C0.1 and C0.5, considering 0 and 20 s of light exposure, while C0 (14.07 mm), C0.01 (13.97 mm), and C0.025 (14.18 mm) showed higher mean values at 0 s when compared to 20 s (12.67, 12.77 and 13.05 mm, respectivelly). Polymerization occurred within 40 s of light exposure for C0, C0.01, C0.025, and C0.05 and within 60 s for C0.1. In conclusion, the BHT concentrations had no significant influence on FS, FM and KH. The higher the BHT concentration, the longer was its handling time under light, with a significant improvement in the HR, but a decrease in DC. Therefore, BHT at 0.1% showed the best outcomes concerning all the BHT concentrations tested.
The absence of proximal contact point on periodontal parameters of teeth moved into extraction sites
Authors: Campos Jocimara Domiciano Fartes de Almeida , Campos Marcio José da Silva , Caetano Paula Liparini , Kuchenbecker Rösing Cassiano , Farinazzo Vitral Robert Willer
Published: June 2022

Abstract The aim of study was to evaluate periodontal conditions of upper canines and second premolars with and without proximal contact of individuals undergoing orthodontic treatment associated to extractions of the upper first premolars. The study selected upper canines and premolars of individuals undergoing orthodontic treatment without extractions (30 hemiarches - control group), or with extraction of the upper first premolars and whose canines and second premolars had interproximal contact (16 hemiarches - group 1) or diastema (17 hemiarches - group 2). Clinical (plaque index, probing depth, gingival bleeding index, height of the gingival margin, clinical attachment loss and gingival clefts) and radiographic (crest height, bone height and bone-crest discrepancy) parameters of the distal surfaces of canines and mesial surfaces of premolars were evaluated. Group 1 had worse results when compared to the control group for the levels of plaque in canines and premolars and for probing depth in canines (distal and mean) and in premolars (lingual and mean), as well as increasing tendency of clinical attachment loss (lingual and mean) in premolars. Plaque level in canines in group 1 was also significantly higher than in group 2. There was no difference between group 2 and the control group. The lack of proximal contact between canines and second premolars did not significantly affect their periodontal characteristics.
Enhancing glass ionomer cement features by using the calcium phosphate nanocomposite
Authors: Duarte Ana Caroline Alves , Pereira Rodrigo David Fernandes Cunha , Carvalho Sandhra Maria de , Silva Adriana Gonçalves da , Araújo Cíntia Tereza Pimenta de , Galo Rodrigo , Dumont Vitor César
Published: June 2022

Abstract This study showed the synthesis of Glass ionomer cements (GIC) modified with calcium phosphate nanoparticles (nCaP). The nCaP/GIC were submitted to mechanical compression and diametral tensile tests. The biocomposite were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Cytotoxicity and cell viability tests were performed on the human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells using a 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2yl)2,5-diphenyl- tetrazolium-bromide assay and LIVE/DEAD assays. Statistically significant differences were observed for mechanical properties (Kruskal-Wallis, p<0.001), nCaP/GIC showed higher resistance to compression and diametral traction. The SEM analyses revealed a uniform distribution nCaP in the ionomer matrix. The EDX and XRD results indicated that hydroxyapatite and calcium β-triphosphate phases. The FTIR spectra revealed the asymmetric band of ν3PO43- between 1100-1030cm-1 and the vibration band associated with ν1PO43- in 963cm-1 associated with nCaP. The nCaP/GIC presented response to adequate cell viability and non-cytotoxic behavior. Therefore, the new nCaP/GIC composite showed great mechanical properties, non-cytotoxic behavior, and adequate response to cell viability with promising dental applications.