bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Merit System in the Career Development of Civil Servants in the Makassar City Government
Authors: Anniza Nurul
Published: October 2023

The career development of civil servants in government agencies involves the movement of positions towards improvement and progress. This study focuses on applying the merit system to the career development of civil servants in the government of Makassar City, aiming to provide solutions for better quality human resources. The research utilized qualitative methods to systematically and accurately describe the issues. However, the merit system has not been effectively implemented in the career development of civil servants in the City Government of Makassar. This is attributed to suboptimal compensation, limited education and training opportunities, and budget constraints. The study also highlights the significance of Employee Performance Targets (SKP) as determinants of career development for civil servants in the Makassar City Government. Despite the challenges, the career development of civil servants in the government has shown some progress. In conclusion, the study underscores the need for effective implementation of the merit system and improvement in compensation and training opportunities to enhance the career development of civil servants in the Makassar City Government. The findings provide valuable insights for the government to further develop its human resources and promote a more efficient and productive civil service.
Keywords: merit system, career development, civil servants
Analysis of the Influence of Internal and External Factors on the Entrepreneurial Behavior of UMKM in Northern Kalimantan Province
Authors: . Hasriyani , Fajar Putera Arifin , Haning Thahir , Ahmad Badu
Published: October 2023

Increasing entrepreneurial behavior to improve the national economy is of great importance. Approximately 99.9% of the national economy is contributed by the UMKM sector, which also creates job opportunities. Moreover, UMKM contributes 60.34% to the GDP, and there is a potential for further growth as long as the number of entrepreneurs increases. However, the internal aspects of entrepreneurship still lack competence, particularly in entrepreneurial competence and social competence. Entrepreneurial competence encompasses various components rooted in an entrepreneurial background, such as traits, characters, attitudes, social roles, and self-image. External factors, such as training, education, and work experience, also contribute to the development of entrepreneurial skills. Entrepreneurial behavior is the core of entrepreneurship, and entrepreneurial value is a prerequisite factor that shapes such behavior. The research method used in this study was qualitative with an associative approach. The study was conducted through a survey, and data analysis employed a descriptive approach. Quantitative analysis included multiple linear regression analysis and an individual parameter significance test (t-test). The study involved 67 young UMKM entrepreneurs in North Kalimantan Province. The results of this study indicate that entrepreneurial values significantly influence entrepreneurial behavior. Furthermore, entrepreneurial behavior has an impact on the continuity of UMKM businesses in North Kalimantan province.
Keywords: UMKM, influence, entrepreneurial values, entrepreneurial behavior
El manejo del petróleo mexicano: ¿política o economía?
Authors: Puyana Mutis Alicia
Published: October 2023

Las políticas aplicadas por el gobierno mexicano durante décadas, basadas en la captura de renta derivada de la propiedad nacional del petróleo y en el monopolio estatal de su explotación, absorben recursos cuyo monto representa una proporción elevada del producto bruto y de las ganancias netas de Petróleos Mexicanos (Pemex) y, como se desarrolla en el texto, le generan déficits que han crecido con la producción, las exportaciones y los precios internacionales. El resultado: agotamiento de reservas, deuda de Pemex del 90% de los activos de la empresa, y aguda petrolización de las cuentas fiscales. Los altos precios de los energéticos y la urgencia de garantizar la seguridad energética, han revivido en Estados Unidos el interés por un "Mercado Común Energético TLCAN", que limitaría la soberanía mexicana en el manejo del recurso y no resolvería la fragilidad fiscal de la economía. Estos factores demandan cambiar la política. Cualquier opción: privatizar o rebajar la carga impositiva de Pemex tiene gran costo político.
Evaluación de la reforma del sistema de pensiones en Uruguay
Authors: Garmendia Gonzalo
Published: October 2023

En el presente artículo se evalúa la reforma del sistema de pensiones en Uruguay, a través de variables como la cobertura, el impacto fiscal, la acumulación de fondos, la rentabilidad, y los costos asociados a la operativa de las Administradoras de Fondos de Ahorro Previsional (AFAP) . Dicha reforma se evalúa positivamente, aun cuando se identifican elementos que deben considerarse en el futuro: extender la reforma al resto del sistema previsional que no se incluyó en ésta; generar la institucionalidad adecuada para regular y supervisar todo el sistema previsional; ajustar la edad de retiro para acceder a las prestaciones; y brindar mayores alternativas para las inversiones de las AFAP.
El poder del dinero y el poder del sexo. Antropología del turismo sexual
Authors: Lagunas David
Published: October 2023

La globalización y el flujo de personas, ideas y mercancías han provocado la mundialización de la industria del sexo a través de cadenas/redes de prostitución y tráfico de personas cada vez más sofisticados, adaptándose a los significados y prácticas cambiantes del sexo. La dominación de los países del Norte sobre los países del Sur y del Este se manifiesta en múltiples formas, entre ellas el turismo sexual. Este artículo analiza algunos aspectos del turismo sexual en contextos nacionales e internacionales, y plantea la conveniencia y oportunidad de explorar lo individual y subjetivo, así como las temáticas sociopolíticas relacionadas.AbstractGlobalization, the flow of people, ideas and goods, generates a situation in which the sex industry has been globalized through increasingly sophisticated channels and networks of prostitution and human traffic. These are, adapting themselves to the changing meanings and practices of sex. The North domination of the South and East is manifested in multiple ways, including sex tourism. The text analyzes some aspects of sex tourism in different national and international contexts, and postulates the advisability and opportunity to explore both the individual and the subjective, as well as related socio–political dimensions.
El mercadeo de la barbarie. Paisajes de violencia en la frontera norte de México
Authors: Salazar Gutiérrez Salvador
Published: October 2023

Este artículo aborda un aspecto del proceso comunicativo relacionado con la producción mediática, en el que más que ubicar a los medios como fuente en la generación y responsabilidad de la violencia y los miedos que ésta produce, se comprenden desde la lógica de la mediación en la que se han convertido en elementos importantes en relación con otros, tales como la comunidad, las instituciones y la colectividad. Analizar la responsabilidad que se asume desde la producción mediática significa también problematizarla a partir de procesos más complejos en el surgimiento y establecimiento de la violencia como referente que comienza a dominar las dinámicas y relaciones cotidianas de la ciudad fronteriza del norte de México. AbstractThe purpose of the article is to explore a dimension of the communicative process related to media production. Its objective is to go beyond identifying the media as the source of violence and the fears it generates. Rather, it tries to understand the ways the media relates to other factors such as the community and the institutions. To speak about the responsibility of media production, is also to analyze complex processes involved in the generation and permanence of violence, as a referent that begins to dominate the dynamics and daily relations of the frontier city of the north of México.
Evaluation of Ultrasonographic Characteristics and Cytopathological Results of Autonomous (Toxic) Thyroid Nodules
Authors: ÇALIŞKAN Mustafa
Published: October 2023

Objective: Thyroid nodules are clinical conditions frequently encountered in the community and known to be associated with malignancy. In this study, it was aimed to determine the frequency of malignancy in patients diagnosed with autonomous (toxic) thyroid nodules (TTN). In addition, the effectiveness of ultrasonography (US) findings and fine needle aspiration (FNA) results in helping the diagnosis of malignancy were investigated.

Methods: Autonomous (Toxic) thyroid nodule was diagnosed by presence of nodule on US in the presence of subclinical or clinical hyperthyroidism, and detection of suppression in other parts of the gland with increased activity in scintigraphy performed with Tc‐99m pertechnetate. Fine-needle aspiration was performed on patients who were considered suspicious by ultrasonographic findings. The histopathology results of the patients who were found to need surgical resection were recorded.

Results: 125 patients with autonomous (toxic) thyroid nodules were included in the study. Of the patients, 82 (65.60%) were female and 43 (34.40%) were male, with a mean age of 63.55±11.13 years. Ultrasonography revealed that nodules were less frequently located in the isthmus and left upper pole. The presence of microcalcification was detected in 8 (6.4%) patients. Histopathologically, the nodules of 2 (1.6%) patients were found to be malignant. Both patients who were found to be malignant were male and their nodules were seen as hypoechoic on US.

Conclusions: Since it has been seen that autonomic (toxic) thyroid nodules may be related to malignancy, careful evaluation of male patients with a hypoechoic image on US was considered appropriate.
Dealing Chronic Diseases with Homoeopathy
Authors: Tripathy Dr. Tridibesh , Shankar Das Professor , Dharmendra Pratap Singh Professor , Prusty Dr. Umakant , Krushna Pattanaik Dr. Jeevan , Bihary Pradhan Dr. Pramod , Dubey Mr. Anil , Kumar Mr. Anjani , Tripathy Ms. Sanskriti , Tripathy Mrs. Anjali , Dwivedi Prof. Rakesh , Gautam Dr. Mohini
Published: October 2023

Since the time homoeopathy was introduced to the world in 1790 by Dr. Samuel Hahnemann, homoeopathy is popular for treating chronic diseases. When that was the case in late 18th, 19th & 20th century, homoeopathy was dealing with chronic diseases that were morbid but not mortal. In 21st century, after the epidemiologic transition, the chronic diseases have taken the form of Non-Communicable Diseases (NCD). [2, 15]
'These NCDs have not only morbidity but also high mortality'. The most hostile chronic diseases like diabetes, heart disease & cancer affects our health & reduces life expectancy. Conditions like heart disease, stroke, cancer, chronic respiratory diseases & diabetes are leading causes of death worldwide. These chronic diseases can affect viral organs like heart, lungs, kidneys & liver causing damage & impacting overall health & longevity & can lead to complications. [1, 2, 15]
The article looks at the role of homoeopathy in dealing with the chronic diseases. It brings out the fact that homoeopathy can deal with not only treating these diseases but also prevent this diseases & promote health. The properties of homoeopathic medicines that are aligned to the essential medicines are also discussed. Finally, it mentions that these diseases can only be dealt only if Universal Health Coverage (UHC) is achievable. Achievability of UHC is only possible if the AYUSH systems are integrated into the mainstream & homoeopathy is an active component of this package. [12, 16, 17]
Soil cover transformation after the laying of a high-voltage power line
Authors: Zakharova M. K. , Morgach Yu. R. , Sukhacheva E. Yu.
Published: October 2023

Today the rate of anthropogenic transformations of the soil cover significantly exceeds the rate of its natural restoration. According to a modern digital soil map at a scale of 1 : 200,000 in the Leningrad Region anthropogenically modified subtypes of natural soils, which were formed as a result of human economic activity, predominate. The article considers anthropogenic changes in soils and soil cover of the territory of the high-voltage power line. The study area of 100×500 meters is located in the Tikhvinsky district between the settlements of Kalivets and Novaya Ust-Kapsha. The landscape of the territory belongs to the lake-glacial plain, the soil-forming rocks are lake-glacial sands and sandy loam. Natural soils that are not affected by technological works are found only in the forest, outside the clearing laid during the construction of the power line. These are Albic Podzol, Entic Podzol, Histic Albic Podzol, Histic Entic Podzol and Histic Gleysol. It was revealed that in the study area, the horizons of the original natural soils are partially or completely cut off, turbated, compacted, which led to the formation of their anthropogenically transformed subtypes: over-compacted, abraded, turbid and stratified. Sometimes soil material is exposed to the surface and moved over the study area by tens of meters. After the construction of the high-voltage line, new formations appeared in the soil cover, such as Podzol Nudispodic, buried soils and several types of non-soil formations. It is revealed that each technological operation (logging, installation of power transmission line supports, organization of places for technological operations and the creation of temporary roads) is characterized by its own special disturbances in the soil cover. Thus, after the construction of the power line, there were no natural soils with an undisturbed structure in the soil cover. In addition to the fundamental transformation of the soil cover at the site, natural vegetation was reduced, the mesorelief was partially disrupted and the microrelief was almost completely changed. All these anthropogenic transformations will affect the quality of the ecological functions of the soil cover. During the further operation of power transmission lines, such as clearing a cut-out clearing, updating fire-prevention mineralized strips, maintaining the power grid, disturbances of the soil cover will be periodically repeated, preventing the ecosystem from returning to its original state.
THE INVESTIGATION OF CULTURE-INTEGRATED MATHEMATICS REMEDIAL MODULES ON INDIGENOUS STUDENTS’ LEARNING OUTCOME
Authors:   Ph.D., Department of Child Development and Family Studies, University of Tzu Chi, Hualien, Taiwan, Lo Ting-Ying
Published: October 2023

The purpose of this study was to use activity theory to analyze the mathematics difficulties of indigenous low-achieving students, to develop culturally integrated mathematics remedial modules to solve this difficulty and test the student's learning outcomes. This research applied the case study method and invited twelve grade 4-5 Truku indigenous students as the participants. The research tools used for analysis included a teacher-student interview outline, an indigenous culture integration mathematics remedial teaching module, classroom videos, and reflection logs. The results showed that the difficulties of indigenous low-achieving students were among the tools, community, rule, and division of labor by activity theory analysis, which caused them to produce contradictory emotions towards mathematics. In the second stage, the study team developed an indigenous culture integrated into the mathematics remedial module to solve the difficulties. After teaching, 70% of the indigenous low-achieving students improved their math performance. The cultural dual-guidance teaching strategy expanded the indigenous students' ability to use multiple representations to solve problems, promoted confidence to present their solving method, and showed the ability to contribute to the group.
Descubre e inventa con Margarita Salas: Patents Week by ULPGC
Authors: Sacristán Rodríguez María , Arias Benítez Luis Fernando
Published: October 2023

Descubre e inventa con Margarita Salas es un cuadernillo de divulgación para jóvenes, niños y niñas donde se da a conocer la figura y los logros de una de las científicas más destacadas del siglo XX en España, Margarita Salas. Mediante actividades y juegos se introduce al mundo de los inventos y de los descubrimientos. A través de pautas e ilustraciones se hace una aproximación a el rol del inventor, dando la posibilidad de crear inventos, patentes.
Sensory Characteristics and Nutritional Value of Taiyaki with the Addition of Spirulina sp. Powder
Authors: Eka Nurinsani Anisa , Sulmartiwi Laksmi , Andriyono Sapto
Published: October 2023

Spirulina is known as a superfood because it is rich in nutrients, both macro and micro. Spirulina has high levels of protein, potassium and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) which contain essential amino acids, phycocyanins, essential vitamins and antioxidants. The high nutritional content of Spirulina causes the higher utilization of Spirulina in food products. Taiyaki is a food product originating from Japan and also popular in Korea (bungeo-ppang). The research design consisted of four treatments and five replications. The treatment of adding Spirulina sp powder into the taiyaki filling as much as 1, 2, and 3% of the weight of the filling. The results of the Kruskal Wallis test showed that the addition of Spirulina sp powder had no effect on the parameters of appearance, aroma and texture, on the contrary it had a significant effect on the parameters of taste. The results of the Mann-Whitney follow-up test, the level of preference for taste parameters was not significantly different (p> 0.05) between P0 (without the addition of Spirulina sp powder) and the treatment with the addition of Spirulina sp powder 1% (P1), 2% (P2), and 3% (P3) of the filling weight. The addition of Spirulina sp. in taiyaki products can increase the nutritional value of taiyaki, especially the protein (3.61%) and fat (2.63%) components.
Comparison of sunshine duration measurements between the Campbell-Stokes sunshine recorder and three automatic sensors at three locations in Cyprus.
Authors: Pashiardis Stelios , PELENGARIS Alexandros , KALOGIROU Soteris A.
Published: October 2023

The purpose of this paper is to compare daily sunshine duration (SD) measured by Campbell-Stokes sunshine recorder (CS) with three automatic instruments (Kipp & Zonen pyranometers (CM6B), pyrheliometer (CHP1) and CSD3 sunshine recorders). The comparisons are essential, since in recent decades automatic sunshine duration sensors have been systematically replacing the manual measurements affecting therefore the continuity of the CS time series. The comparisons were applied to the daily SD data of three synoptic stations (Larnaca A/P, Pafos A/P and Athalassa) where parallel measurements of manual and automatic instruments are carried out during the periods 2009-2012 and 2012-2015. The CSD3 measurements were obtained from two automatic weather stations (AWS) (Mennogia and Pentakomo) which are closed to the synoptic station of Larnaca A/P. The comparisons cover the daily and monthly sums, their statistical distributions and their relationships. The daily differences of the pairs of the sunshine recorders installed at the same location are mostly within the range of -1.0 to +1.0 h. At Larnaca, in the period 2009-2012, the pyranometric method (Gl) is higher than the CS in the summer months, while during the winter months it is lower than CS. Pafos and Athalassa showed higher values of CS comparing to Gl and the pyrheliometric method (Pr), respectively, almost throughout the year. Generally, the annual average daily differences between the different pairs range between 0.3 and 0.5 h. Regression equations were determined allowing the estimation of daily SD under different sky conditions. The closest relations between different pairs were obtained in ‘clear sky’ and ‘all sky’ conditions, as it is indicated by the high coefficient of determinations. R2 reached the values of 0.92 and 0.96 under ‘all sky’ conditions, and between 0.80 and 0.91 under ‘clear’ sky conditions, respectively. An increase in cloud cover causes an increase in the SD differences recorded by the relevant devices. Comparing statistically the different pairs using the Mann-Whitney nonparametric test which is the alternative to the Two Sample T parametric test, it was found that the medians are not statistically different. However, significant differences were only detected in the case of the pair of CS and Pr at Athalassa (2012-2015) using both tests. In the rest of the cases the differences are not statistically significant at the 5% level.
Beyond Words: The Neuroscientific and Multifaceted World of Non-Verbal Communication in Modern Society
Authors: Saggese Davide
Published: October 2023

This publication delves into the intricate world of human communication, extending beyond the realm of spoken and written language to explore the profound influence of non-verbal communication. Focusing on body language—comprising gestures, facial expressions, postures, and movements—it reveals the pivotal role it plays in conveying emotions, intentions, and psychological states. The rapidly evolving fields of neuroscience and cognitive science are investigating the neural mechanisms and cognitive processes that underpin the interpretation and utilization of these non-verbal cues. Notably, the amygdala's involvement in processing emotional facial expressions has provided a neurological foundation for our emotional understanding in non-verbal communication. Concurrently, cognitive psychology sheds light on how perception, attention, and memory influence our interpretation of non-verbal cues and communication strategies.In our modern, technologically advancing society characterized by global interconnectivity and cultural diversity, the significance of non-verbal communication, especially in digital and virtual contexts, is paramount. The transformation of non-verbal expression into digital symbols like emoticons and emojis raises questions regarding its ability to maintain authenticity and emotional understanding. This publication endeavors to comprehensively explore the fundamental role of body language and non-verbal communication in contemporary society. By integrating insights from psychology, neuroscience, social sciences, and digital technologies, it aims to elucidate the underlying mechanisms guiding non-verbal communication. Additionally, it delves into the implications of non-verbal communication across diverse domains, including interpersonal communication, the workplace, politics, advertising, and the virtual world.The research presented herein strives to offer a thorough understanding of interpersonal dynamics, relationships, and social behavior, with the goal of promoting the development of more effective, conscious, and ethically guided communication strategies. Ultimately, this analysis aspires to inspire further interdisciplinary research and reflection, addressing emerging challenges and fully leveraging the potential of non-verbal communication in modern society. This, in turn, guides our path towards a communication landscape that is more inclusive, authentic, and empathetic.
Assessment of Symptom Perception by Visual Analog Scale in Children with Newly-Diagnosed Allergic Rhinitis: The Link with Asthma
Authors: Tosca Maria Angela , Schiavetti Irene , Meleca Vincenzo , Naso Matteo , Trincianti Chiara , Ciprandi And Giorgio
Published: October 2023

Background: Patients with allergic rhinitis (AR) have bothersome symptoms that may assess using the visual analog scale (VAS). Asthma frequently is associated with AR. The present study investigated the role of VAS in children with newly-diagnosed AR. Methods: Parameters were VAS for nasal and asthma symptoms, and doctor’s perception of these diseases, medication use, and asthma comorbidity. Results: 67% of AR children had asthma. Severity of perceived nasal symptoms was associated with more intense asthma symptoms and doctor’s perception of disease severity (p<0.001 and p=0.02, re-spectively. Conclusions: Allergic rhinitis frequently is associated with asthma in child-hood. Symptom perception assessment using VAS is a simple tool for assessing their intensity. Moreover, the severity of nasal symptoms is associated with asthma symptom severity. Therefore, asthma should be carefully considered in AR children and require appropriate symptom perception assessment.
A comparison of Nursing Activity Score means for missed care dimensions in intensive care unit patients
Authors: Hanifi Nasrin
Published: October 2023

Background The workload of nurses in the intensive care unit (ICU) can affect the quality of nursing services. Aim This study aimed to determine the relationship between the nursing activity score and missed care in patients hospitalized in the ICU in Zanjan, Iran. Methods This observational and prospective study was conducted from April 3 to September 18 in 2021. In this study, the tools used included a patient and nurses' profile questionnaire, Nursing Activity Score (NAS). Missed care was observed in the 301 patients for whom the NAS was calculated. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to investigate the differences in mean levels of missed care. Logistic regression models were used to assess the association between factors and missed nursing care. Results Results show that the Medical ICU's mean NAS was 76.31 (95% CI: -13.06 -14.89). In 9 dimensions of care, the extent of missed care was 40.7%. In the care dimensions of assessment, hand hygiene, and infection control, the mean NAS had a statistically significant increase at higher levels of missed care (P<.5). Furthermore, work experience was identified as a protective factor for missed care (OR =.59, 95% CI: .37–.94, χ2= =4.97, p =.026). Conclusion The study revealed a high incidence of missed care. The study revealed that the mean workload was high in certain dimensions of care such as assessment, hand hygiene, and infection control. The increase in workload for nurses results in lost care. Nonetheless, the utilization of experienced nurses can help mitigate this problem. However, utilizing experienced nurses can help reduce this problem.
Exotic Particle Dynamics using Novel Hermitian Spin Matrices
Authors: Ganesan Timothy
Published: October 2023

In this work, a generalized analogue to the Pauli spin matrices is presented and investigated. The proposed Hermitian spin matrices exhibit a general symmetry. The generalized spin projection operators are derived and the electrodynamics for hypothetical fermions are explored using the proposed spin matrices. The fermionic quantum Heisenberg model is constructed using the proposed spin matrices and comparative studies against simulation results using the Pauli spin matrices are conducted. Further analysis on key findings as well as discussions on extending the proposed spin matrix framework to describe hypothetical bosonic systems (spin-1) are provided.
Prescription Practices of Cannabinoids in Children with Cere-bral Palsy Worldwide - A Survey of the Swiss Cerebral Palsy Registry
Authors: Hunziker Sandra , Morosoli Federico , Zuercher Kathrin , Tscherter Anne , Grunt Sebastian
Published: October 2023

Cannabinoids are prescribed to children with cerebral palsy (CP) despite limited evidence. We aimed to assess the prescription practices of cannabinoids in children with CP with a particular focus on indications, what kind of preparations are used and how well cannabinoids are tolerated. Furthermore, we investigated how physicians acquire knowledge on cannabinoid medication.

We asked physicians with expertise in the care of children with CP about their prescription prac-tices of cannabinoids. Data was collected through an online survey, which was distributed by email. In addition to the demographic information of participants, we also inquired about the indications for the prescription of cannabinoids, about experiences regarding efficacy, and ob-served side effects of the therapy.

Seventy physicians from Europe, North America and Australia completed the survey. Forty-seven participants were experienced in the treatment of children with CP by cannabinoids. The most common indication was epilepsy (69%), followed by spasticity (64%) and pain (63%). The pre-scribed preparations and doses varied considerably. Half of the participants evaluated the effect of the cannabinoids as moderate. Twenty-nine physicians reported side effects, most frequently drowsiness (26%), somnolence (19%), fatigue (13%), and diarrhea (13%).

Despite the lack of evidence to date, cannabinoids are used to treat children with CP in a wide variety of indications. Randomized controlled trials in this vulnerable patient group are therefore of utmost importance.
Study and Modeling the Impact of June 2015 Geomagnetic Storms on the Brazilian Ionosphere
Authors: Afolabi Oladayo O. , Candido C.M.N , Becker-Guedes F. , Amory-Mazaudier C.
Published: October 2023

This study investigates the impact of geomagnetic storms that occurred on June 8, 22-23, and 25, 2015, on the ionosphere in the low-latitude and equatorial regions of Brazil. By examining various data sources, such as solar wind parameters from the ACE satellite, GPS vertical total electron content (VTEC), magnetometer data, and the SAMI2 model, we aimed to simulate the effects of storms on the ionosphere in these regions. Two methods were employed to separate DP2 and Disturbance dynamo (Ddyn) from the ionospheric disturbance current (Diono). Our analysis revealed a positive (negative) ionospheric storm in the VTEC during the main phase (recovery) of the June 22-23 and 25 storms. This observation can be attributed to the combined impact of the eastward prompt penetration of the magnetospheric convection electric field (westward disturbance dynamo electric field) and changes in the storm-time thermospheric [O]/[N_2] ratio based on the GUVI satellite imagery. Notably, the westward disturbance dynamo exhibited a significant amplitude on June 23 in Belem. The amplitude of the D_dyn at Belem (dip lat: - 0.47˚) was greater than that at Alta Floresta (dip lat: - 3.75˚) due to intensified cowling conductivity in Belem. Furthermore, we found that the SAMI2 model provided more accurate results when we replaced the default ExB drift with the vertical drift calculated from the ground-based magnetometer, enabling us to simulate the effect of the westward DDEF on VTEC during daytime.
Satisfacción del alumnado tras la aplicación de la metodología MAES en el aula de simulación de la escuela universitaria de enfermería de Ávila
Authors: González Marta , Jiménez Vaquero Cesár , Lozano Molina Ainhoa , Bermejo Gil Beatriz María
Published: October 2023

La simulación clínica es una forma de enseñanza que se está implantando en muchas facultades cmo método de formación que permite llevar a la práctica actuaciones clínicas en un entorno realista y sib riesgo para los pacientes. Permite también, mejorar las habilidades de comunicación de los estudiantes, la autoeficacia, la competencia clínica y las habiliadades de resolución de problemas. El Grado de Enfermería de la Escuela Universitaria de Ávila, centro adscrito a la Universidad de Salamanca, implementa en el curso 2021-22, la simulación con metodología MAES cmo nuevo sistema de aprendizaje.El objetivo de este estudio es evaluar la satisfacción de los estudiantes del Grado de Enfermería con la Simulación Clínica de Alta Fidelidad. La muestra está formada por los estudiantes de 2º, 3º y 4º curso (n=150) a los que se les administró el cuestionario de 15 items “Calidad y Satisfacción en el método de enseñanza-aprendizaje de Simulación Clínica".

Los resultados obtenidos muestran que la simulación con metodología MAES es un método útil de enseñanza que motiva al aprendizaje y mejora las habilidades técnicas. Se observa también que los casos en escenarios simulados ayudan a priorizar las actuaciones de enfermería, al mismo tiempo que aumentan su seguridad y confianza, y que la metodología MAES fomenta el trabajo en equipo.

Es necesaria una continua formación para poder darle a los casos simulados la duración y el contenido adecuados, integrando la teoría impartida en las aulas con la práctica en un entorno seguro, que complemente y capacite al alumnado de enfermería para la vida profesional.
La relación alumno-artefacto. Experiencias motivadoras en arqueología para estudiantes del Grado en Historia
Authors: Sánchez Serrano David , Rey Lorenzo Carme , Reyes Téllez Francisco
Published: October 2023

Motivar al alumnado constituye una de las labores principales del docente. Para los estudiantes del Grado de Historia, la arqueología genera cierto rechazo al no considerarse una asignatura que proporcione conocimiento histórico. El Área de Arqueología de la Universidad Rey Juan Carlos decidió abrir el Laboratorio de Arqueología (Vicálvaro) al conjunto del alumnado con el fin de que descubriesen la realidad de la disciplina arqueológica de forma complementaria a los conocimientos impartidos en la asignatura y la aportación de las fuentes materiales al conocimiento histórico. Para conseguir la participación de los estudiantes en la actividad se decidió ofrecer una motivación extrínseca al conjunto del grupo. Posteriormente, se diseñó y aplicó una metodología docente basada en el estudio de artefactos arqueológicos y resolución de casos que consiguiese tanto motivar al alumnado de forma intrínseca como profundizar en su interés por la disciplina arqueológica.
Assessment of Average Length of Stay among Stroke Patients in a Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors:   Department of Neurology, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi Pakistan., Hashmat Muhammad Irfan , Hashmat Muhammad Owais ,   Department of Neurology, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan., Rana Jay Singh ,   Department of Neurology, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi Pakistan., Rafiq Imran ,   Department of Neurology, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan., Syed Mohsina ,   Department of Neurology, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi Pakistan.
Published: October 2023

Background: Stroke is defined as a clinical syndrome where sudden onset neurological deficit appears and remains for 24 hours or more due to vascular compromise. Stroke is the leading cause of disability worldwide and the second leading cause of death. Certain risk factors have been discussed in the literature previously which are strongly associated with stroke. However, the literature is scarce in terms of risk factors affecting the hospital stay of patients suffering from stroke. Objective: The objective of this study is to evaluate the risk factors that may affect the hospital stay in stroke patients. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted prospectively at Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi where length of hospital stay among stroke patients were included. The length of hospital stay (LOS) was found and compared by dividing the included participants into subgroups including age (30-50 and 51-80), gender (male and female), diabetes mellitus type II (yes or no), hypertension (yes or no), duration of disease (</=2 or >2 days), smoking (yes or no), BMI, and type of stroke (ischemic or hemorrhagic). Results: We included 94 stroke patients. The LOS in hospital was significantly associated with age (P=0.01), gender (0.01), diabetes mellitus type II (P=0.04), smoking (P=0.01), BMI (P=0.01) while it was not associated significantly with hypertension (P=0.09), duration of disease (P=0.05) and type of stroke (P=0.08). Conclusion: LOS after stroke differed according to the sex, age, diabetes mellitus type II, and BMI. Hence, BMI and smoking are modifiable risk factors that could decrease the LOS while more efforts can be made to control blood sugars at optimum levels for further decreasing the LOS. Keywords: Stroke, Factors, Predictors, Hospital stay, Clinical syndrome, Morbidity.
Perception and Attitude of Dental Students and Graduates towards Business Management as a Subject in the Dental Curriculum
Authors:   Department of Science of Dental Materials, University College of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan, Hassan Hammad , Mukhtar Hiba ,   Department of Dentistry, Institute of Dentistry, CMH Lahore Medical College, NUMS, Lahore, Pakistan., Aziz Salman ,   Dental Materials Department, Institute of Dentistry, CMH Lahore Medical College, NUMS, Lahore, Pakistan., Mukhtar Haseeb ,   Department of Dentistry, Institute of Dentistry, CMH Lahore Medical College, NUMS, Lahore, Pakistan, Tarin Taha ,   Department of Dentistry, Institute of Dentistry, CMH Lahore Medical College, NUMS, Lahore, Pakistan., Shakoor Asma ,   Community & Preventive Dentistry Department, Institute of Dentistry, CMH Lahore Medical College, NUMS, Lahore, Pakistan.
Published: October 2023

Background: In the past two decades, dentistry has transformed into a market-driven, entrepreneurial industry; consequently, the next generation of dentists must demonstrate proficiency in the disciplines of dental economics. Objective: To identify the attitude, awareness, and willingness of final-year dental students and dental graduates regarding dental business management as a subject in dentistry. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted from April 22 to September 22, with the approval of the IRB of CMH Lahore Medical College. The survey was conducted using online questionnaires developed by the authors and sent to the final-year dental students and young dental graduates in private and public dental colleges. The first part targeted demographics, and the second part dealt with attitude, awareness, and willingness regarding dental business management as a subject. Results: A total of 281 people responded, with 48.6% males and 53.4% females. Lack of business knowledge (n=198, 70.5%) and a lack of funds (n=157, 55.9%) were key obstacles. Most respondents were slightly aware (n=141, 50.2%) of the criteria for setting up a dental practice. 95.7% (n=267) were not taught dental business management, nor had any seminars (n=187, 66.5%) or workshops (n=184, 65.5%). Most respondents agreed (n=243, 86.4 %) that business management will help them establish a successful practice. A significant difference was observed between private and public institutions regarding lack of funds, confidence, and communication skills. Conclusion: Most students had favorable opinions on dental business management as a subject in dentistry. We must teach aspiring dentists both dental education and business management at the same time. Keywords: Business, Curriculum, Dentistry, Financial Management, Management, Marketing, Practice.
Clinical Profile and Predictors of Outcome of Guillain Barre Syndrome Variants among Children Admitted in the Pediatric Department of a Tertiary Care Hospital, Karachi
Authors:   Department of Pediatrics, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan., Rafique Muhammad , Nasir Sharmeen ,   Department of Pediatrics, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan., Qasmi Zareen ,   Pediatric Emergency Department, ChildLife Foundation, Dr. Ruth K. M. Pfau, Civil Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan., Jamalvi Waseem ,   Department of Pediatrics, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan.
Published: October 2023

Background: Guillain Barre Syndrome (GBS) is one of the leading cause of Acute Flaccid Paralysis presenting in pediatric emergency, marking incidents in Asian countries as 3-4 per 100, 000 population. To improve outcome, an accurate and early recognition of predictors of bad prognosis is required. Objective: To identify requirement of intensive monitoring and aggressive treatment to help the health system in decreasing morbidity and mortality associated with Guillain Barre Syndrome. Materials and Methods: This is a cross-sectional study, conducted at Dr. RKMP Civil Hospital Karachi. Medical records of patients >3 months to 12 years of age, admitted with diagnosis of Guillian Barre syndrome from Jan 2017 to June 2022 were reviewed. Data was analyzed in SPSS version 23. For independent variables, frequency and percentage was used. Results: A total of 46 patients were enrolled in the study, mean age of study participants was 80.26 ± 31.7 months. The most common variant of GBS identified was AIDP in 19 (41.3%) followed by ASMAN 14 (30.4%). A positive association between winter season with 2.7 (95% CI 1.4-5.8) and progression within 7 days with 3.2 (95% CI 1.9-6.7) was found with mortality. Conclusion: Acute inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy was the most common variant of Gullian-Barre syndrome with male predominance. Presentation in winter seasons and progression of disease in less than 7 days are risk factors for mortality. Bulbar palsy is an independent risk factor for mechanical ventilation, irrespective of GBS variant. Keywords: Acute inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (AIDP), Guillain Barre Syndrome (GBS), Pediatric population, Bulbar palsay, Areflexia, Acute motor axonal neuropathy (AMAN).
A Case Report of Spinal Cord Edema and Cervical Spondylosis Masquerading as Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyneuropathy (CIDP)
Authors:   Department of Neurology, Bahawal Victoria Hospital, Quaid-e-Azam Medical College, Bahawalpur, Pakistan., Ghoauri Muhammad Sohail Ajmal , Butt Nauman Ismat ,   Department of Medicine & Allied, Azra Naheed Medial College, Superior University, Kot Arian, Lahore, Pakistan., Sabeh Dur-e- ,   Department of Medicine, Bahawal Victoria Hospital, Quaid-e-Azam Medical College, Bahawalpur, Pakistan., Rasheed Muhammad Bilal ,   Department of Medicine & Allied, Azra Naheed Medial College, Superior University, Kot Arian, Lahore, Pakistan., Javed Muhammad Umair ,   Department of Pulmonology, Bahawal Victoria Hospital, Quaid-e-Azam Medical College, Bahawalpur, Pakistan., Khan Faizan Ali ,   Department of Medicine & Allied, Azra Naheed Medial College, Superior University, Kot Arian, Lahore, Pakistan.
Published: October 2023

A 64-year-old previously-healthy male presented with 2-year history of progressive neurological symptoms of numbness and muscle weakness involving all 4 limbs. There was gait disturbance, urinary and fecal incontinence. On examination, the left upper limb had normal tone, diminished deep tendon reflexes and power of 4/5 with wasting both in proximal and distal muscles. There were reduced pinprick pain and temperature sensations below the elbow bilaterally with intact vibration and proprioception. Both lower limbs had increased tone, diminished deep tendon reflexes, power of 3/5 with wasting both in proximal and distal muscles with unequivocal plantar reflex bilaterally. There were reduced pinprick pain and temperature sensations below the knee on right and below the ankle on left with intact vibration and proprioception. Nerve Conduction Studies (NCS) were done which showed axonal type of denervation in all limbs. MRI scan of Cervical Spine showed T2W hyperintense signals and narrowing of spinal canal from C3 to C7 region. The final diagnosis was spinal cord edema in the cervical region and cervical spondylosis causing spinal cord compression. Keywords: Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyneuropathy (CIDP), Spinal cord edema, Cervical spondylosis, Nerve Conduction Studies (NCS), MRI scan, Case report.
Proposed Methodology and Application of Statistical Analysis Methods on MPD Surface Back Pressure Control System's Performance Evaluation in Extended Reach Drilling (ERD) Wells
Authors: Houng N. H. , Palacios J.
Published: October 2023

Over the years, the performance of MPD systems is often called into question when it comes to Surface Back Pressure (SBP) applications to maintain the desired downhole pressure set point, thus eroding the confidence level in applying constant bottomhole pressures at target depths – whether at bit or a fixed depth.

In this paper, the performance of various MPD systems is evaluated utilizing statistical analysis, including offline Change Point (CP) inference and Regression analysis on the downhole Pressure While Drilling (PWD) data as a result of the SBP applied during drilling operations. The paper also proposes an objective methodology in the evaluation process, minimizing the influence of various MPD systems’ operating philosophies.

The main criteria of the evaluation process are to determine the variances between the modelled and actual MPD setpoint downhole pressure against PWD data at target depth, depending on various operation types.

In order to reduce the influence of varying operating philosophies across different MPD systems, the methodology proposed focuses on drilling operations and common data across wells. Analytical methods, including offline Change Point Analysis, are used to identify the sequence of events, operation types and pumps-off events. The trending of ESD and ECD are then determined based on operation categories. Finally, the variances and standard deviation between PWD data and setpoint EMWs are determined using regression analysis as well as normal median and mean values analysis to evaluate the performance of the MPD system and also to determine factors that could affect the performance of the system.
Calculation of Reservoir Fluid Influx While Underbalanced Drilling
Authors: Azarnejad Faramarz , Azarnejad Arash
Published: October 2023

Underbalanced drilling is one of the drilling techniques which relies on reservoir fluid influx. After more than 2 decades of the invention of the underbalanced drilling technology, the calculation of the fluid influx into the wellbore is yet to be improved. A knowledge of the fluid influx into the wellbore while drilling is required for accurate hydraulic modelling for designing a successful underbalanced drilling operation.

In this paper, the influx from the reservoir is defined by applying a transient mathematical solution with the possibility of incrementing the wellbore length in time. The mathematical model allows for permeability variation along the wellbore length leading to the possibility of formation evaluation while drilling. The results, through few examples, show that permeability is directly affecting the influx magnitude while drilling.
Enabling Safe Drilling and Completion Operations Through Negative Margin Formations with Managed Pressure Drilling and Wellbore Strengthening
Authors: Radzi Razif Md , Wan Joachim , Mathew Magdeline
Published: October 2023

While wellbore strengthening techniques have been proven successful in strengthening weak permeable zones to achieve higher fracture gradients, the extent of their effectiveness is variable. This paper discusses an integrated approach where Managed Pressure Drilling (MPD) is incorporated and designed in conjunction with wellbore strengthening strategies to drill wells with formation strength below borehole stability requirements, thus allowing fail-safe outcomes from depleted drilling and completion operations, ultimately reducing the consequence of failure, and simplifying recovery efforts.

There are two main benefits of incorporating MPD. First, MPD enables a reduction in the required drilling margin, and this in turn prevents an over-reliance on the effectiveness of wellbore strengthening strategies. Second, MPD provides the ability to reduce downhole pressure, reducing the consequences of unexpected loss circulation events. Mud weight selection was carefully engineered with several factors taken into consideration, including shale inhibition, impact on completion operations, and consequence of MPD system failure.

Eight hole sections across four deep-water subsea wells were initially designed to be drilled with wellbore strengthening strategies alone, however, a loss circulation event led to challenging remediation and recovery efforts. Upon incorporating this MPD design, while seven other hole sections were drilled successfully without any loss circulation events, one hole section encountered loss circulation, and this design allowed an instant reduction in surface back pressure to stop the losses, effectively "failing safely". Four lower completion operations were also successfully executed with this design incorporated.