bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluating the hydrological utility of satellite-based rainfall products using neural network models over the Ghare Ghieh River basin, Iran
Authors: Abdollahipour Arman , Ahmadi Hassan , Aminnejad Babak
Published: October 2020

In recent years, gridded precipitation data derived from satellite rainfall products have become critical data sources for hydrological applications, especially in ungauged basins where rain gauges are sparse or nonexistent. Also, in streamflow simulations, since the existing rainfall–runoff modelling methods require exogenous input with some assumptions, neural networks can be an efficient solution. In this paper, to simulate daily streamflow on the Ghare Ghieh River basin in northwestern Iran, the Levenberg–Marquardt Neural Network (LMNN) and the Particle Swarm Optimization Neural Network (PSONN) models are proposed. These models are trained and tested with different input patterns from ground-based data for water years of 1988–2008. Then, three satellite-based precipitation datasets, including TRMM-3B42V7, TRMM-3B42RT, and PERSIANN with 0.25° × 0.25° resolutions from 2003 to 2008, are used as inputs for the best-trained models which were selected in the testing step. These products are evaluated before and after calibration in streamflow simulation, and the Geographical Difference Analysis method is used to calibrate them. The results showed that the PSONN model performed better than the LMNN model. Also, in both models, before calibration of satellite precipitation products, TRMM-3B42 showed better performance in streamflow simulation, and after calibration, TRMM-3B42RT performed much better.
Estimation of load capture ratio for evaluating LID facilities performance in Korea
Authors: Choi Jeonghyeon , Kim Sangdan
Published: October 2020

Accurate performance evaluation is required for efficient design or installation of Low Impact Development (LID) facilities. However, the existing evaluation method in Korea needs to be improved since it has been derived for non-point reduction facilities. The purpose of this study is to propose a new design formula for three types of LID facilities. Through the long-term continuous simulation of EPA SWMM, the Load Capture Ratio (LCR) for LID facilities such as bio-retentions, infiltration trenches, and vegetative swales was estimated. As a result of the sensitivity analysis to verify the newly derived LCR formula, it can be seen that not only the regional rainfall characteristics but also the infiltration capacity of the native soil play an important role in the accuracy of the proposed LCR formula.
A Review on Computational Approaches for Analyzing Hydrogen- Deuterium (H/D) Exchange of Proteins
Authors: Sivaraman Thirunavukkarasu
Published: October 2020

Native state Hydrogen-Deuterium (H/D) exchange method has been used to study the
structures and the unfolding pathways for quite a number of proteins. The H/D exchange method is
generally monitored using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and mass spectrometry
(MS) techniques. NMR-assisted H/D exchange methods primarily monitor the residue level
fluctuation of proteins, whereas MS-assisted H/D exchange methods analyze multifold ensemble
conformations of proteins. In this connection, quite a large number of computational tools and algorithms
have been developed for processing and analyzing huge amount of the H/D exchange data
generated from these techniques. In this review, most of the freely available computational tools associated
with the H/D exchange of proteins have been comprehensively reviewed and scopes to improve/
develop novel computational approaches for analyzing the H/D exchange data of proteins
have also been brought into fore.
miRNAs in SARS-CoV 2: A Spoke in the Wheel of Pathogenesis
Authors: Satyam Rohit , Bhardwaj Tulika , Goel Sachin , Jha Niraj Kumar , Jha Saurabh Kumar , Nand Parma , Ruokolainen Janne , Kamal Mohammad Amjad , Kesari Kavindra Kumar
Published: October 2020

Introduction::

The rapid emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has resulted in an increased mortality rate across the globe. However, the underlying mechanism of SARS-CoV-2 altering human immune response is still elusive. The existing literature on miRNA mediated pathogenesis of RNA virus viz. Dengue virus, West Nile virus, etc. raises a suspicion that miRNA encoded by SARS-CoV-2 might facilitate virus replication and regulate the host’s gene expression at the post-transcriptional level.

Methods::

We investigated this possibility via computational prediction of putative miRNAs encoded by the SARS-CoV-2 genome using a novel systematic pipeline that predicts putative mature-miRNA and their targeted genes transcripts. To trace down if viral-miRNAs targeted the genes critical to the immune pathway, we assessed whether mature miRNA transcripts exhibit effective hybridization with the 3’UTR region of human gene transcripts. Conversely, we also tried to study human miRNA-mediated viral gene regulation to get insight into the miRNA mediated offense and defense mechanism of viruses and their host organisms in toto.

Results::

Our analysis led us to shortlist six putative miRNAs that target, majorly, genes related to cell proliferation/differentiation/signaling, and senescence. Nonetheless, they also target immune-related genes that directly/indirectly orchestrate immune pathways like TNF (Tumor Necrosis Factor) signaling and Chemokine signaling pathways putatively serving as the nucleus to cytokine storms.

Conclusion::

Besides, these six miRNAs were found to conserved so far across 80 complete genomes of SARS-CoV-2 (NCBI Virus, last assessed 12 April 2020) including Indian strains that are also targeted by 7 human miRNAs and can, therefore, be exploited to develop MicroRNA-Attenuated Vaccines.
Synthesis, characterization, antitubercular and anti-inflammatory activity of new pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidines
Authors: Kulkarni Ravindra , Kompalli Krishna , Gaddam Naveen , V Chandrashekar , Darna Bikshupati , Garlapati Achaiah , Kumar Dileep , Machha Baswaraju
Published: October 2020

Aims and Objective:

Copious proinflammatory cytokines including TNF-α and IL-1β are involved in progression of inflammation in human body. Inhibition of signaling mediated by proinflammatory cytokines offer effective in the treatment of inflammatory diseases. The treatment of dreadful infectious disease mycobacterium tuberculosis still remains a challenge owing to resistance to multiple drugs hence an urgent need for newer drugs. Pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidines have been disclosed to possess numerous pharmacological activities including anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial and antitubercular activities. Here in we report the synthesis of pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidines for anti-inflammatory and antitubercular activities.

Materials and Methods:

The targeted compounds having pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidines 8a-m were synthesized in three step reactions with the formation of key intermediate 5-amino-4-cyno-1-phenyl pyrazole which upon cyclization resulted in 4amino pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine for subsequent benzoylation with substituted benzoyl chlorides to form 8a-m. Antiinflammatory activity of 8a-m was assessed at 25 mg/Kg dose and minimum inhibitory concentration against gram positive, gram negative and mycobacteria was also performed. Binding interactions were also measured in binding pocket of p38 kinase.

Results:

Four compounds 8a, 8b, 8e and 8i significant anti-inflammatory activity in rat paw edema model induced by carrageenan and among all 8b was potent with 80.6% activity. Numerous compounds exhibited potent activity against fungal strains than bacterial strains, compound 8k was most potent against gram negative bacteria Klebsiella pneumoniae. Compounds 8d, 8e and 8f exhibited antitubercular activity with MIC value of 6.25 μg/mL

Conclusion:

Substituted N-benzoylated amino pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidines endowed significant and potent anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial activities. Molecular docking studies also revealed favorable interactions in active site of p38 kinase.
Anti-Respiratory Syncytial Virus Mechanism of Houttuynia cordata Thunb Exploration based on Network Pharmacology
Authors: Du Haitao , Ding Jie , Wang Ping , Zhang Guisheng , WANG Dandan , Ma Qingyun , Li Na , Sun Tiefeng
Published: October 2020

Background and Objective:

: Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) is the leading cause of infant lower respiratory tract infections with no mature vaccines and medicines available. Pneumonia caused by RSV kills many infants every year. There are unique advantages for Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) to fight against the virus. Houttuynia cordata Thunb is a commonly used anti-virus medicine in TCM, but its mechanism has not been investigated. The current study explores the anti-RSV mechanism of H. cordata Thunb by means of network pharmacology and bioinformatics.

Method:

The candidate compounds of H. cordata Thunb and the potential targets were obtained from the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform (TCMSP), PubMed, CNKI, PubChem Database, and Swiss Target Prediction database. Then the potential targets and pathways of H. cordata Thunb against RSV were screened by GeneCards, GenCLiP 3, and NCBI Database. We developed a Protein-Protein Interactions (PPI) Network and Compound-Target-Pathway Network through the Cytoscape software. Furthermore, core targets were preliminary verification by Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database by bioinformatics methods. At last, the first 6 pathways were screened out to draw a map of the main target signal pathways.

Results::

A total of 12 potentially active compounds and 47 potential interaction targets were screened. PPI Network and data from GEO showed that IL-6, STAT3, TNF, AKT1, PTGS2, SRC, and MAPK3 may play a core role in the antivirus process. KEGG enrichment pathway analysis predicted that H. cordata Thunb exerted its anti-RSV effect by regulating TNF, Rap1, HIF-1, PI3K-Akt, MAPK, and VEGF signaling pathways.

Conclusion: :

This study preliminarily predicted the main active compounds, targets and related pathways of H. cordata Thunb in the treatment of RSV-induced diseases, which laid a good foundation for further revealing its mechanism.
Acute Inflammation and Oxidative Stress Induced by Lipopolysaccharide and the Ameliorative Effect of Stingless Bee Honey
Authors: Ranneh Yazan , Mahmoud Ayman M. , Fadel Abdulmannan , Albujja Mohammed , Akim Abdah Md , Hamid Hasiah Ab. , Khazaai Huzwah
Published: October 2020

Background:

Systemic acute inflammation is the hallmark of sepsis and associated with multiple organ dysfunction.

Objective:

This study investigated the potential of stingless bee honey (SBH) to suppress lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced systemic acute inflammation in rats and to reveal the probable mechanism of action.

Methods:

Rats received 4.6 and 9.2 g/kg SBH for 7 days followed by a single injection of LPS after
which blood samples were taken 6h later.

Results:

LPS induced liver, kidney, heart, and lung injury, were manifested by increased serum
transaminases, alkaline phosphatase, creatine kinase, creatinine, and urea, along with multiple histological
alterations, particularly leukocyte infiltration. Pro-inflammatory cytokines were elevated in
the serum, and NF-κB p65, p38 MAPK, and HMGB-1 were significantly increased in different tissues
of LPS-challenged rats. SBH prevented tissue injury, ameliorated pro-inflammatory cytokines,
and suppressed NF-κB p65, p38 MAPK, and HMGB-1 in rats that had received LPS. In addition,
SBH diminished reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, lipid peroxidation, and oxidative
DNA damage, and enhanced glutathione and Nrf2 in LPS-treated rats.

Conclusion:

SBH prevents systemic acute inflammation by suppressing NF-κB, p38 MAPK, HMGB-1, oxidative stress and tissue injury in rats. Thus, SBH may represent an effective anti-inflammatory nutraceutical, pending further mechanistic studies.
Physical Analysis of Heat for Formation and Entropy of Ceria Oxide Using
Topological Indices
Authors: Zhang Xiujun , Siddiqui Muhammad Kamran , Javed Sana , Sherin Lubna , Kausar Farah , Muhammad Mehwish Hussain
Published: October 2020

Background::

“Cerium oxide nanoparticles (

Aim and Objective::

The study“was aimed to analyze the chemical graph of crystal structure of Ceria Oxide(cuprite)

Materials and Methods::

Chemical“graph theory plays an important role in modeling and designing any chemical structure. The topological
indices are the numerical invariants of a molecular graph and are very useful for predicting their physical properties. For calculation, we
have utilized the combinatorial processing strategy, edge partition technique, vertex partition strategy, analytic procedures, graph
hypothetical tools, degree counting technique and entirety of degrees of neighbors technique. Moreover, Matlab programming have been
utilized for the numerical computations and checks. We likewise utilized the maple for plotting these numerical outcomes.”

Results::

We have“computed Heat of Formation and Entropy using degree based topological indices. More oreciously, our main results are
based on some degree based topological indices, namely, the atom bond connectivity index

Conclusion::

We discuss“these indices exhibited difference with the reported heat of formation and entropy of cuprite
A Comprehensive Study on Aptasensors For Cancer Diagnosis
Authors: Animesh Sambhavi , Singh Yengkhom D.
Published: October 2020

Cancer is the most devastating disease in the present scenario, killing millions of people
every year. Early detection, accurate diagnosis, and timely treatment are considered to be the most effective
ways to control this disease. Rapid and efficient detection of cancer at their earliest stage is one
of the most significant challenges in cancer detection and cure. Numerous diagnostic modules have
been developed to detect cancer cells early. As nucleic acid equivalent to antibodies, aptamers emerge
as a new class of molecular probes that can identify cancer-related biomarkers or circulating rare cancer/
tumor cells with very high specificity and sensitivity. The amalgamation of aptamers with the biosensing
platforms gave birth to "Aptasensors." The advent of highly sensitive aptasensors has opened
up many new promising point-of-care diagnostics for cancer. This comprehensive review focuses on
the newly developed aptasensors for cancer diagnostics.
Oral Administration of Aloe vera Ameliorates Wound Healing through Improved Angiogenesis and chemotaxis in Sprague Dawley Rats
Authors: Ali Fatima , Wajid Nadia , Sarwar Maryam G. , Qazi Aamer M.
Published: October 2020

Background::

Aloe vera has been reported as a topical antibiotic and healing agent for
wounds, but advantages of oral administration and mechanisms of wound healing have not been reported.
Present study focuses on the evaluation of effects of oral administration of Aloe vera for excisional
cutaneous wounds in Sprague Dawley rats.

Methods::

Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were inflicted with excisional wounds and were either treated
with Aloe vera orally (Aloe vera) or kept untreated (wound). In contrast, healthy rats were kept as control
group. Wound area was measured from day 7th to day 21st. Collagen content was estimated by hydroxyproline
assay. Histology was analysed by hematoxylin and eosin staining. Angiogenesis was observed
by indirect ELISA for Insulin like Growth Factor (IGF-1) and Vascular Endothelial Growth
Factor (VEGF) protein from skin, serum and bone marrow. Chemotaxis was evaluated by RT-PCR
analysis for Stromal cell-Derived Factor-1 (SDF-1) and C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR-4)
from skin and bone marrow.

Results::

Aloe vera healed wounds earlier than untreated rats with gradual improvement in wound areas
and collagen content. Aloe vera also improved the expression of IGF-1 and VEGF in skin and bone
marrow indicating an improvement in angiogenesis. RT- PCR analysis showed increased expression of
genes for chemotaxis (SDF-1 and CXCR-4) in skin and bone marrow.

Conclusion:

Aloe vera improves healing by increasing collagen content, improving angiogenesis and
chemotaxis.
High Altitude Hypoxia
Authors: Babar Asma , Mengal Kifayatullah , Babar Abdul Hanan , Wu Shixin , Shah Mujahid Ali , Xu Chuanfei , Luo Xuegang , Cai Xin
Published: October 2020

The world's highest and largest altitude area is called the Qinghai-Tibetan plateau QTP,
which harbors unique animal and plant species. Mammals that inhabit the higher altitude regions
have adapted well to the hypoxic conditions. One of the main stressor at high altitudes is hypoxia.
Metabolic responses to hypoxia play important roles in cell survival strategies and some diseases.
However, the homeostatic alterations that equilibrate variations in the demand and supply of energy
to maintain organismal function in a prolonged low O2 environment persist partly in understood,
making it problematic to differentiate adaptive from maladaptive responses in hypoxia. Tibetans
and yaks are two perfect examples innate to the plateau for high altitude adaptation. By the scan of
the whole-genome, EPAS1 and EGLN1 were identified as key genes associated with sustained hemoglobin
concentration in high altitude mammals for adaptation. The yak is a much more ancient
mammal that has existed on QTP longer than humans. It is, therefore, possible that natural selection
represented a diverse group of genes/pathways in yaks. Physiological characteristics are extremely
informative in revealing molecular networks associated with inherited adaptation, in addition
to the whole-genome adaptive changes at the DNA sequence level. Gene-expression can be
changed by a variety of signals originating from the environment, and hypoxia is the main factor
amongst them. The hypoxia-inducible factors (HIF-1α and EPAS1/HIF-2α) are the main regulators
of oxygen in homeostasis, which play a role as maestro regulators of adaptation in the hypoxic reaction
of molecular mechanisms. The basis of this review is to present recent information regarding
the molecular mechanism involved in hypoxia that regulates candidate genes and proteins. Many
transcriptional responses toward hypoxia are facilitated by HIFs that change the number of gene expressions
and help in angiogenesis, erythropoiesis, metabolic reprogramming, and metastasis. HIFs
also activate several signals highlighting a strong association between hypoxia, the misfolded proteins’
accumulation in the endoplasmic reticulum in stress, and activation of Unfolded Protein Response
(UPR). It was observed that at high-altitudes, pregnancies yield a low birth weight 100 g
per1000 m of the climb. It may involve variation in the events of energy-demand, like protein synthesis.
Prolonged hypobaric hypoxia causes placental ER stress, which, in turn, moderates protein
synthesis and reduces proliferation. Further, Cardiac hypertrophy by cytosolic Ca2+ raises and
Ca2+/calmodulin, calcineurin stimulation, NF-AT3 pathway might be caused by an imbalance in
Sarcoplasmic reticulum ER Ca2+, which might be adaptive in the beginning but severe later on.
One Pot Synthesis and Pharmacological Evaluation of Aryl Substituted Imidazoles as Potential Atypical Antipsychotics
Authors: Singh Arshjyoti , Bali Alka , Kumari Pooja
Published: October 2020

Background:

Second generation or “atypical” antipsychotics demonstrate an improved
therapeutic profile over conventional neuroleptics. These are effective in both positive and negative
symptoms of the disease and have a lower propensity to induce adverse symptoms.

Objective:

The main objective of the research was in silico design and synthesis of potential atypical
antipsychotics with combined antiserotonergic / antidopaminergic effect.

Methods:

A one pot synthesis of aryl substituted imidazole derivatives was carried out in green
solvent PEG-400 and the prepared compounds were evaluated for atypical antipsychotic activity in
animal models for dopaminergic and serotonergic antagonism. The compounds were designed
based on their 3D similarity studies to standard drugs and in silico (docking studies) with respect to
5-HT2A and D2 receptors.

Results:

Results from the docking studies with respect to 5-HT2A and D2 receptors suggested a potential
atypical antipsychotic profile for the test compounds. Theoretical ADME profiling of the
compounds based on selected physicochemical parameters suggested an excellent compliance with
Lipinski’s rules. The potential of these compounds to penetrate the blood brain barrier (log BB) was
computed through an online software program and the values obtained for the compounds suggested
a good potential for brain permeation. Reversal of apomorphine induced mesh climbing behaviour
coupled with inactivity in the stereotypy assay indicates antidopaminergic effect and a potential
atypical profile for the test compounds 1-5. Further, the activity of compounds in DOI assay
indicated a 5-HT2 antagonistic profile (5-HT2 antagonism).

Conclusion:

Compound 5 emerged as important lead compound showing combined antidopaminergic
and antiserotonergic (5-HT2A) activity with a potential atypical antipsychotic profile.
Epidemiology of Hypertension and Diabetes Mellitus in Latin America
Authors: Lopez-Jaramillo Patricio , Lopez-Lopez Jose , Cohen Daniel , Alarcon-Ariza Natalia , Mogollon-Zehr Margarita
Published: October 2020

Hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus are two important risk factors that contribute to cardiovascular diseases worldwide. In Latin America, hypertension prevalence varies from 30 to 50%. Moreover, the proportion of awareness, treatment and control of hypertension is very low. The prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus varies from 8 to 13% and around 40% of patients are unaware of their condition. In addition, the prevalence of prediabetes varies from 6 to 14% and this condition has also been associated with increased risk of cardiovascular diseases. The principal factors linked to a higher risk of hypertension in Latin America are increased adiposity, low muscle strength, unhealthy diet, low physical activity and low education. Besides being chronic conditions, leading causes of cardiovascular mortality, both hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus, represent a substantial cost for the weak health systems of Latin American countries. Therefore, it is necessary to implement and reinforce public health programs to improve awareness, treatment and control of hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus, in order to reach the mandate of the United Nations to decrease the premature mortality for CVD.
VNTR Variant of the eNOS Gene and its Relationship with Osteoporosis in Postmenopausal Turkish Women
Authors: Nursal Ayse F. , Yigit Serbulent , Tekcan Akin , Ozsoy Asker Z. , Ates Haci O.
Published: October 2020

Background:

Osteoporosis (OP) is the most common type of systemic bone disease
characterized by low bone mass and micro-structure deterioration of bone tissue, with a consequent
increase in bone fragility and fracture risk. Nitric oxide (NO), produced by the enzyme endothelial
nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) in endothelial cells, has considerable effects on bone cell function.
The objective of this case-control study was to investigate the potential association between the
eNOS gene Variable Number Tandem Repeat (VNTR) variant and susceptibility of OP, in Turkish
postmenopausal female patients.

Methods:

One hundred and fifty female patients and 100 age-matched healthy females were enrolled
in the present study. The eNOS gene VNTR variant was genotyped with a polymerase chain
reaction (PCR) method. Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to assess
the strength of the association.

Results:

The mean age of the patients was 60.32±8.65 years. It was found that the eNOS VNTR
variant genotype and allele frequencies were not significantly different between the patient and control
groups (p>0.05).
MicroRNA Expression Levels in Patients with Hashimoto Thyroiditis: A Single Centre Study
Authors: Yilmaz Hale O. , Cebi Alper H. , Kocak Mustafa , Ersoz Halil O. , Ikbal Mevlit
Published: October 2020

Objective:

To determine the circulatory miRNA expression levels in patients with Hashimoto
thyroiditis (HT) at the time of diagnosis and follow-up period compared with healthy controls.

Methods:

We collected blood samples from 34 patients with HT (4 males and 30 females) at the
time of first diagnosis (Group P) and euthyroid period (Group E). Thirty-three healthy controls
(Group H) blood samples were also included in the study. Expression levels of five different circulating
miRNAs (miR-22, miR-141, miR-155, miR-375, miR-451) were evaluated using real-time
polymerase chain reaction.

Results:

There was a significant difference in miR-375 levels between the groups P and H. Also,
for miR-451, there was a significant difference between the P and E groups. Finally, there was a
moderate positive correlation between thyroid-stimulating hormone values and miR-22 expression
levels for the P group.

Conclusion:

miRNAs have important roles at all stages of the diseases. More studies must be performed
in all thyroid diseases and autoimmune diseases, including HT.
Peaceful Existence of Tumor Cells with Their Non-malignant Neighbors: The Trade of Tumor Cells with Tumor Microenvironment
Authors: Maali Amirhosein , Sarfi Mohammad , Mirzakhani Mohammad , Goodarzi Golnaz , Maghsoudi Hosein , Maniati Mahmood , Tehrani Sadra Samavarchi , Qujeq Durdi
Published: October 2020

Tumor cell growth and survival are the outcomes of communication between tumor cells and tumor microenvironment (TME). In other words, tumor cell growth and survival are greatly affected by the interaction between adjacent cells and tumor cells. In this paper, we review the recent advances in studies of TME, including metabolic interplays between tumor cells and their non-malignant neighbors (peaceful interaction and autophagy), trades of signaling pathways (approach to most important ones; cytokine pathway, NF-kB pathway, intra-tumoral hypoxia, oxidative stress, and nitric oxide-depended pathways), miRNAs (as the regulatory molecules which are present in TME), and Tumor-associated Exosomes (TAEs). Characterization of TME bio-molecules, nutrient changes, and cellular and molecular interactions help to clarify the progression of cancer and find novel targets for the treatment of cancer..
Automating Duplicate Detection for Lexical Heterogeneous Web Databases
Authors: Ahlawat Anil , Sagar Kalpna
Published: October 2020

Introduction:

The need for efficient search engines has been identified with the everincreasing
technological advancement and huge growing demand for data on the web.

Method:

Automating duplicate detection over a query results in identifying the records from multiple
web databases that point to a similar real-world entity and return non-matching records to the
end-users. The proposed algorithm in this paper is based on an unsupervised approach with classifiers
over heterogeneous web databases that return more accurate results with high precision, Fmeasure,
and recall. Different assessments have also been executed to analyze the efficacy of the
proposed algorithm for the identification of duplicates.

Result:

Results show that the proposed algorithm has greater precision, F-score measure, and the
same recall values as compared to standard UDD.

Conclusion:

This paper aims to introduce an algorithm that automates the process of duplicate detection
for lexical heterogeneous web databases.

Discussion:

This paper concludes that the proposed algorithm outperforms the standard UDD.
Fast and Efficient Data Masking Method for Securing Image Over Cloud Computing Environment
Authors: Siddartha B.K. , Ravikumar G.K.
Published: October 2020

Objective:

Preserving the confidentiality of sensitive information is becoming more and
more difficult and challenging, considering current scenarios, as a huge amount of multimedia data
are stored and communicated over the internet among users and cloud computing environment. The
existing cryptography security model for storing images on a cloud platform cannot resist various
kinds of modern attacks, such as statistical, differential, brute force, cropping attack, etc., therefore,
an improved bit scrambling technique using chaotic maps that can resist various kinds of security
attacks is needed. The FEDM cipher image provides less correlation among neighboring pixels and
images can be decrypted even under the presence of noise. This study proposed a FEDM model to
achieve better UACI, NPCR, histogram, runtime, and processing time performance than the existing
image security methods.

Methods:

Preserving the confidentiality of sensitive information is becoming more and more difficult
and challenging considering current scenarios as a huge amount of multimedia data are stored
and communicated over the internet among users and cloud computing environment. The existing
cryptography security model for storing images on a cloud platform cannot resist various kinds of
modern attacks such as statistical, differential, brute force, cropping attack, etc.

Results:

The overall results show that the proposed FEDM model attains much superior performance
considering histogram, UACI, NPCR, and runtime. The FEDM model can resist against SA. The
FEDM model attains better performance because IBS is used in each step of CS. Thus, a correlation
between adjacent pixels is less and aids superior security performance. Further, the FEDM model
attains better UACI and NPCR performance when compared with the exiting image encryption model.

Conclusion:

The FEDM security method can resist DA, noise, cropping attack, and linear attacks
more efficiently due to a larger keyspace. Further, the FEDM takes less time for provisioning security.
Along with this, FEDM works smoothly under a cloud computing environment. No prior work
has considered runtime performance evaluation under the cloud computing environment. FEDM
model will significantly aid in reducing the overall operational cost of a cloud computing environment
with a reduction in processing time as cloud charge is based on hours of usage.
Detecting and combating fake news on web 2.0 technology in the 2019 political season Indonesia
Authors: Anderson Samuel , Sulistyani Hapsari Dwiningtyas
Published: October 2020

The digital age has come with lots of misinformation on the internet (web 2.0). The difference between real and fake news is unclear. This paper therefore scientifically employs algorithms and the evolution tree to help in the detection of fake news. Social bots in the spread of fake news are also detected by BotOrNot.  The research employs an in-depth qualitative but informal interview with 102 participants who are internet and social media-active as well as prospective Indonesian electorates to investigate the spread and believe in fake news. The result indicates that about 91 of the informants experience the spread of fake news on daily basis, out of which 67 succumb to the truthfulness of the news. This article therefore develops a trend of battling fake news with the application of the Inoculation theory and citizen journalism as tools to eradicate fake news that may emerge before and during the 2019 election.  ‘Ohmynews’ and ‘ABC blogs’ in the South Korean 2002 general elections and the Australian 2007 Federal elections respectively will be used as models of citizen journalism to deal with fake news that may trend on the Web 2.0 (where social media application are enabled) in the 2019 Indonesian polls.
Model of religious character education: A case study in Al-Hilal Islamic Primary School Bekasi, Indonesia
Authors: Husnaini M , Victorynie Irnie , Amili Noor
Published: October 2020

Presidential Regulation Number 87 of 2017 Article 2 states that character education must be the leading spirit in Indonesia's delivery of education. This study aims to describe the religious character education model implemented at Al-Hilal Islamic Primary School Bekasi, which is supported by students' parents' participation to build a learning process that not only produces an output of students who can graduate from school but also produce students who have religious characters. This research uses a qualitative approach with the type of case study method. The data collection techniques used were interviews, observation, and documentation. The results are the synergistic relationship and active role of all parties; in this case, the school and parents have successfully shaped the Islamic religious character. Students' character is built on a strong foundation from the family and strengthened through the Islamic education system in schools.
User Experiences of a Smartphone-Based Attentive Eating App and Their Association With Diet and Weight Loss Outcomes: Thematic and Exploratory Analyses From a Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Whitelock Victoria , Kersbergen Inge , Higgs Suzanne , Aveyard Paul , Halford Jason CG , Robinson Eric
Published: October 2020

Background

Short-term laboratory studies suggest that eating attentively can reduce food intake. However, in a recent randomized controlled trial we found no evidence that using an attentive eating smartphone app outside of the laboratory had an effect on energy intake or weight loss over 8 weeks.

Objective

This research examined trial participants’ experiences of using an attentive eating smartphone app and whether app usage was associated with energy intake and weight loss outcomes over 8 weeks.

Methods

We conducted thematic analysis of semistructured interviews (N=38) among participants in the attentive eating smartphone app group of the trial who completed the 8-week assessment. Linear regression models examined the associations between energy intake and weight loss outcomes at 8 weeks and app usage.

Results

Participants reported several barriers and facilitators to using the smartphone app, including repetition of app content, social setting, motivation, and habitual use of the app. Participants believed that using the app had some beneficial effects on their eating behavior and diet. Exploratory analyses indicated that more frequent recording of eating episodes in the app was associated with lower body weight (B=–0.02, P=.004) and greater self-reported energy intake (B=5.98, P=.01) at 8 weeks, but not body fat percentage or taste-test energy intake. Total audio clip plays, gallery views, and percentage of food entries recorded using an image were not significantly associated with energy intake or weight.

Conclusions

Frequent recording of eating episodes in a smartphone app was associated with greater weight loss. There are barriers and facilitators to frequent use of an attentive eating smartphone app that may be useful to address when designing dietary behavior change smartphone apps.

Trial Registration

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03602001; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03602001; Open Science Framework DOI 10.17605/osf.io/btzhw; https://osf.io/btzhw/
Phenotypically Similar Rare Disease Identification from an Integrative Knowledge Graph for Data Harmonization: Preliminary Study
Authors: Zhu Qian , Nguyen Dac-Trung , Alyea Gioconda , Hanson Karen , Sid Eric , Pariser Anne
Published: October 2020

Background

Although many efforts have been made to develop comprehensive disease resources that capture rare disease information for the purpose of clinical decision making and education, there is no standardized protocol for defining and harmonizing rare diseases across multiple resources. This introduces data redundancy and inconsistency that may ultimately increase confusion and difficulty for the wide use of these resources. To overcome such encumbrances, we report our preliminary study to identify phenotypical similarity among genetic and rare diseases (GARD) that are presenting similar clinical manifestations, and support further data harmonization.

Objective

To support rare disease data harmonization, we aim to systematically identify phenotypically similar GARD diseases from a disease-oriented integrative knowledge graph and determine their similarity types.

Methods

We identified phenotypically similar GARD diseases programmatically with 2 methods: (1) We measured disease similarity by comparing disease mappings between GARD and other rare disease resources, incorporating manual assessment; 2) we derived clinical manifestations presenting among sibling diseases from disease classifications and prioritized the identified similar diseases based on their phenotypes and genotypes.

Results

For disease similarity comparison, approximately 87% (341/392) identified, phenotypically similar disease pairs were validated; 80% (271/392) of these disease pairs were accurately identified as phenotypically similar based on similarity score. The evaluation result shows a high precision (94%) and a satisfactory quality (86% F measure). By deriving phenotypical similarity from Monarch Disease Ontology (MONDO) and Orphanet disease classification trees, we identified a total of 360 disease pairs with at least 1 shared clinical phenotype and gene, which were applied for prioritizing clinical relevance. A total of 662 phenotypically similar disease pairs were identified and will be applied for GARD data harmonization.

Conclusions

We successfully identified phenotypically similar rare diseases among the GARD diseases via 2 approaches, disease mapping comparison and phenotypical similarity derivation from disease classification systems. The results will not only direct GARD data harmonization in expanding translational science research but will also accelerate data transparency and consistency across different disease resources and terminologies, helping to build a robust and up-to-date knowledge resource on rare diseases.
Plausibility of Using a Checklist With YouTube to Facilitate the Discovery of Acute Low Back Pain Self-Management Content: Exploratory Study
Authors: Zheluk Andrey , Maddock Jess
Published: October 2020

Background

Access to guideline-consistent effective care for acute low back pain (ALBP) is generally regarded as limited. Researchers have recognized the potential of YouTube as a clinical and patient education resource that may improve access to appropriate care. However, the heterogeneity of evaluation approaches and variable quality of health information have generally limited the potential of YouTube as a self-management intervention.

Objective

This study aims to increase the understanding of ALBP content available on YouTube in 2020 and to establish the plausibility of using a simple checklist to facilitate the discovery of YouTube content consistent with current guidelines. We examined the following 4 research questions: how was the data set defined, what are the metadata characteristics of the videos in the data set, what is the information quality of ALBP YouTube videos, and what are the characteristics of the YouTube data set based on an ALBP self-management checklist?

Methods

This was an exploratory, qualitative infodemiology study. We identified videos in our data set through YouTube search based on popular ALBP-relevant search terms identified through Google Trends for YouTube. We accessed YouTube metadata using the YouTube data tools developed by the University of Amsterdam. We used a modified Brief DISCERN checklist to examine the information quality. We developed a checklist based on the 2018 Lancet Low Back Pain guidelines to examine self-management content.

Results

We analyzed a data set of 202 YouTube videos authored by chiropractors, physicians, physiotherapists, and instructors of yoga and other disciplines. We identified clear differences in the ALBP videos in our data set based on the authors’ disciplines. We found that the videos authored by each discipline strongly featured a specific intervention domain, that is, education, treatment, or exercise. We also found that videos authored by physicians were consistently coded with the highest ALBP self-management content scores than all other disciplines.

Conclusions

The results returned by YouTube in response to a search for back pain–related content were highly variable. We suggest that a simple checklist may facilitate the discovery of guideline-concordant ALBP self-management content on YouTube. Further research may identify the clinical contexts in which the use of an ALBP checklist with YouTube is feasible.
Contributors
Authors: Tabor Dominika
Published: October 2020

List of contributors
АВТОНОМНЫЙ НОСИМЫЙ РАДИОПЕЛЕНГАЦИОННЫЙ КОМПЛЕКС С ПРИМЕНЕНИЕМ АЛГОРИТМОВ КОРРЕЛЯЦИОННОГО ИНТЕРФЕРОМЕТРА
Authors: Бабич В.В. , Собченко М.И. , Тикменов В.Н. , Ухандеев В.И.
Published: October 2020

Разработан автономный носимый радиопеленгационный комплекс, предназначенный для определения направления на источник радиоизлучения. Приведены технические характеристики радиопеленгационного комплекса, показана его структурная схема. Рассмотрены алгоритмы определения направления на источник радиоизлучения.
ОЦЕНКА СООТВЕТСТВИЯ МОДЕЛИ УГРОЗ И ТРЕБОВАНИЙ ДОВЕРИЯ СИСТЕМ ИНТЕРНЕТА ВЕЩЕЙ МАССОВОГО ПРИМЕНЕНИЯ
Authors: Бахтин А.А. , Брагин Д.С. , Конев А.А. , Шарамок А.В.
Published: October 2020

Для платформенного решения Интернета вещей разработаны требования на основе модели угроз и на основе нормативной базы для критической информационной инфраструктуры. В обоих подходах выделены требования доверия и проведен анализ соответствия требований, полученных с использованием двух подходов.
КОМПЕНСАЦИЯ ЭФФЕКТА СМЕЩЕНИЯ КАТУШЕК В СИСТЕМАХ ЧРЕСКОЖНОЙ ПЕРЕДАЧИ ЭНЕРГИИ НА ОСНОВЕ УСИЛИТЕЛЯ МОЩНОСТИ КЛАССА Е
Authors: Селютина Е.В. , Миндубаев Э.А.
Published: October 2020

Промоделирована система чрескожной передачи энергии с усилителем мощности класса Е с емкостной подстройкой. При параллельной компенсации в приемнике эффективность системы и выходная мощность составили 56-93 % и 0,30-14,55 Вт, при последовательной компенсации - 19-80 % и 0,30-17,35 Вт.
МАТЕМАТИЧЕСКОЕ МОДЕЛИРОВАНИЕ НАГРЕВА БИОЛОГИЧЕСКИХ ТКАНЕЙ ЭЛЕКТРОННЫМИ КОМПОНЕНТАМИ В СОСТАВЕ СИСТЕМЫ ЧРЕСКОЖНОЙ ПЕРЕДАЧИ ЭНЕРГИИ
Authors: Рябченко Е.В. , Данилов А.А.
Published: October 2020

Получены тепловые карты распределения температур для моделей биологических тканей человека и расположенных в них электронных компонентов системы передачи энергии. Установлено, что нагрев тканей при работе системы беспроводной передачи энергии для обеспечния энергией имплантируемых медицинских утройств мощностью до 10 Вт составил 4 °C.
НОВАЯ ТЕХНОЛОГИЯ СВЕРХШИРОКОПОЛОСНОГО ПРИЕМА РАДИОСИГНАЛОВ В МНОЖЕСТВЕ ЗОН НАЙКВИСТА
Authors: Жданов А.Э. , Карамов С.В. , Харченко И.А.
Published: October 2020

Представлен алгоритм анализа спектра и приема сигнала с дискретизацией ниже скорости Найквиста на основе китайской теоремы об остатках. Дискретная область анализа спектра строится как произведение трех простых чисел. Разработанный алгоритм обладает более широким охватом частот и повышенной помехоустойчивостью по сравнению с аналогами.
ПРОЕКТИРОВАНИЕ УСИЛИТЕЛЯ МОЩНОСТИ КЛАССА Е ДЛЯ СИСТЕМ СИЛОВОЙ ЭЛЕКТРОНИКИ
Authors: Гуров К.О. , Миндубаев Э.А.
Published: October 2020

Рассмотрены особенности проектирования усилителя мощности класса Е в субноминальном и номинальном режимах работы. Исследовано влияние режимов работы усилителя мощности на выходные характеристики схемы для различного сдвига фаз между входным и выходным сигналами.
РАЗРАБОТКА МАЛОГАБАРИТНОЙ БОРТОВОЙ РАДИОЛОКАЦИОННОЙ СТАНЦИИ ДЛЯ БЕСПИЛОТНОГО ВОЗДУШНОГО СУДНА
Authors: Цыпленков Ю.С. , Анурин А.А.
Published: October 2020

В целях предупреждения столкновения в условия постоянно возрастающей интенсивности полетов летательных аппаратов различных типов и назначения предлагается разработка малогабаритной бортовой радиолокационной станции, совместимой с существующей системой управления воздушным движением (УВД) и с бортовыми системами других воздушных судов для обеспечения безопасности полетов.
Empty Names and Negative Existentials
Authors: Mena Ricardo
Published: October 2020

Empty Names and Negative Existentials
Cross-Fictional Quantification in the Artifactual Theory of Fiction
Authors: Fontaine Matthieu
Published: October 2020

It is acknowledged by proponents of the Artifactual Theory of Fiction that literary works sometimes involve real or immigrant characters. However, their conception of cross-fictional identity faces serious difficulties. In this paper, we set the problem in the context of a modal framework, in relation to quantification across a plurality of possible worlds. Quantification is explained in terms of Hintikka’s notion of world lines; i.e. the possible values of bound variables are individuals that are not reduced to their manifestations. We finally offer another understanding of identity across weakly impermeable domains, in a way compatible with the Artifactual Theory of Fiction.
Sometimes Some Things Don’t (Really) Exist: Pragmatic Meinongism and the Referential Sub-Problem of Negative Existentials
Authors: Clapp Lenny
Published: October 2020

To solve the referential sub-problem of negative existentials one must explain why we interpret uses of, e.g., ‘Sherlock Holmes doesn’t exist’ as saying something coherent and intuitively true, even though the speaker purports to refer to something. Pragmatic Meinongism solves this problem by allowing ‘does not exist’ to be pragmatically modulated to express an inclusive sense under which it can be satisfied by something. I establish three points in defense of pragmatic Meinongism: (i) it is superior to Russell-inspired solutions; (ii) it is supported by independent evidence of pragmatic modulation; and (iii) it requires no dubious ontological commitments.
Sidik Jari DNA Material Kultur Jaringan Menggunakan SSR dan AFLP
Authors: Wening Sri , Pratiwi Dian Rahma , Nazri Erwin , Ernayunita Ernayunita , Rahmadi Hernawan Yuli
Published: October 2020

Kultur jaringan dimanfaatkan sebagai alat dalam program pemuliaan dan perbanyakan material komersial kelapa sawit. Untuk mengontrol proses kultur jaringan di laboratorium, analisis DNA dapat dilakukan dalam usaha menjamin kebenaran informasi identitas serta untuk mengetahui kestabilan genetik material pada tiap tahap proses kultur jaringan. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengkaji ekstraksi DNA material kultur jaringan kelapa sawit serta sidik jari DNA pada material kultur pada tiap tahapan proses kultur jaringan, menggunakan 11 marka SSR dan 6 kombinasi primer selektif AFLP. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa protokol ekstraksi DNA yang dilakukan dapat digunakan untuk memperoleh DNA dengan kuantitas dan kualitas yang cukup untuk PCR-SSR dan PCR-AFLP. Profil SSR yang sama ditunjukkan pada semua cuplikan material yang dianalisis pada tiap tahap proses kultur jaringan. Terdapat variasi hasil sidik jari DNA menggunakan AFLP, dimana terdapat profil AFLP yang berbeda pada material yang sama pada tahap kalus dan eksplan, serta embrio dan ramet. Perbedaan profil DNA pada material yang sama pada tahap kultur yang berbeda tersebut menunjukkan adanya perubahan genetik material kultur yang mungkin disebabkan oleh pengaruh proses kultur jaringan. SSR dapat digunakan untuk identifikasi atau verifikasi identitas material kultur, sedangkan marka DNA yang menunjukkan ketidakstabilan genetik material kultur dapat digunakan untuk kajian lebih lanjut mengenai perubahan genetik material kultur dalam kaitannya dengan abnormalitas klon.