bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mold Level Predict of Continuous Casting Using Hybrid EMD-SVR-GA Algorithm
Authors: Lei Zhufeng , Su Wenbin
Published: March 2019

The prediction of mold level is a basic and key problem of continuous casting production control. Many current techniques fail to predict the mold level because of mold level is non-linear, non-stationary and does not have a normal distribution. A hybrid model, based on empirical mode decomposition (EMD) and support vector regression (SVR), is proposed to solve the mold level in this paper. Firstly, the EMD algorithm, with adaptive decomposition, is used to decompose the original mold level signal to many intrinsic mode functions (IMFs). Then, the SVR model optimized by genetic algorithm (GA) is used to predict the IMFs and residual sequences. Finally, the equalization of the predict results is reconstructed to obtain the predict result. Several hybrid predicting methods such as EMD and autoregressive moving average model (ARMA), EMD and SVR, wavelet transform (WT) and ARMA, WT and SVR are discussed and compared in this paper. These methods are applied to mold level prediction, the experimental results show that the proposed hybrid method based on EMD and SVR is a powerful tool for solving complex time series prediction. In view of the excellent generalization ability of the EMD, it is believed that the hybrid algorithm of EMD and SVR is the best model for mold level predict among the six methods, providing a new idea for guiding continuous casting process improvement.
Automatic Detection of Faults in Race Walking: A Comparative Analysis of Machine-Learning Algorithms Fed with Inertial Sensor Data
Authors: Taborri Juri , Palermo Eduardo , Rossi Stefano
Published: March 2019

The validity of results in race walking is often questioned due to subjective decisions in the detection of faults. This study aims to compare machine-learning algorithms fed with data gathered from inertial sensors placed on lower-limb segments to define the best-performing classifiers for the automatic detection of illegal steps. Eight race walkers were enrolled and linear accelerations and angular velocities related to pelvis, thighs, shanks, and feet were acquired by seven inertial sensors. The experimental protocol consisted of two repetitions of three laps of 250 m, one performed with regular race walking, one with loss-of-contact faults, and one with knee-bent faults. The performance of 108 classifiers was evaluated in terms of accuracy, recall, precision, F1-score, and goodness index. Generally, linear accelerations revealed themselves as more characteristic with respect to the angular velocities. Among classifiers, those based on the support vector machine (SVM) were the most accurate. In particular, the quadratic SVM fed with shank linear accelerations was the best-performing classifier, with an F1-score and a goodness index equal to 0.89 and 0.11, respectively. The results open the possibility of using a wearable device for automatic detection of faults in race walking competition.
In-Depth Investigation into the Transient Humidity Response at the Body-Seat Interface on Initial Contact Using a Dual Temperature and Humidity Sensor
Authors: Liu Zhuofu , Li Jianwei , Liu Meimei , Cascioli Vincenzo , McCarthy Peter W
Published: March 2019

Relative humidity (RH) at the body-seat interface is considered an important factor in both sitting comfort and generation of health concerns such as skin lesions. Technical difficulties appear to have limited research aimed at the detailed and simultaneous exploration of RH and temperature changes at the body-seat interface; using RH sensors without the capability to record temperature where RH is recorded. To explore the causes of a spike in RH consistently produced on first contact between body and seat surface, we report data from the first use of dual temperature and RH (HTU21D) sensors in this interface. Following evaluation of sensor performance, the effect of local thermal changes on RH was investigated. The expected strong negative correlation between temperature and RH (R2 = −0.94) supported the importance of considering both parameters when studying impact of sitting on skin health. The influence of sensor movement speed (higher velocity approach: 0.32 cm/s ± 0.01 cm/s; lower velocity approach: 0.17 cm/s ± 0.01 cm/s) into a static RH region associated with a higher local temperature were compared with data gathered by altering the rate of a person sitting. In all cases, the faster sitting down (or equivalent) generated larger RH outcomes: e.g., in human sitting 53.7% ± 3.3% RH (left mid-thigh), 56.4% ± 5.1% RH (right mid-thigh) and 53.2% ± 2.7% RH (Coccyx). Differences in size of RH change were seen across the measurement locations used to study the body-seat interface. The initial sitting contact induces a transient RH response (duration ≤ 40 s) that does not accurately reflect the microenvironment at the body-seat interface. It is likely that any movement during sitting would result in similar artefact formation. As a result, caution should be taken when investigating RH performance at any enclosed interface when the surfaces may have different temperatures and movement may occur.
Lifetime Estimation for Multi-Phase Deteriorating Process with Random Abrupt Jumps
Authors: Zhang Jianxun , Si Xiaosheng , Du Dangbo , Hu Chen , Hu Changhua
Published: March 2019

Owing to operating condition changing, physical mutation, and sudden shocks, degradation trajectories usually exhibit multi-phase features, and the abrupt jump often appears at the changing time, which makes the traditional methods of lifetime estimation unavailable. In this paper, we mainly focus on how to estimate the lifetime of the multi-phase degradation process with abrupt jumps at the change points under the concept of the first passage time (FPT). Firstly, a multi-phase degradation model with jumps based on the Wiener process is formulated to describe the multi-phase degradation pattern. Then, we attain the lifetime’s closed-form expression for the two-phase model with fixed jump relying on the distribution of the degradation state at the change point. Furthermore, we continue to investigate the lifetime estimation of the degradation process with random effect caused by unit-to-unit variability and the multi-phase degradation process. We extend the results of the two-phase case with fixed parameters to these two cases. For better implementation, a model identification method with off-line and on-line parts based on Expectation Maximization (EM) algorithm and Bayesian rule is proposed. Finally, a numerical case study and a practical example of gyro are provided for illustration.
Improved PSO_AdaBoost Ensemble Algorithm for Imbalanced Data
Authors: Li Kewen , Zhou Guangyue , Zhai Jiannan , Li Fulai , Shao Mingwen
Published: March 2019

The Adaptive Boosting (AdaBoost) algorithm is a widely used ensemble learning framework, and it can get good classification results on general datasets. However, it is challenging to apply the AdaBoost algorithm directly to imbalanced data since it is designed mainly for processing misclassified samples rather than samples of minority classes. To better process imbalanced data, this paper introduces the indicator Area Under Curve (AUC) which can reflect the comprehensive performance of the model, and proposes an improved AdaBoost algorithm based on AUC (AdaBoost-A) which improves the error calculation performance of the AdaBoost algorithm by comprehensively considering the effects of misclassification probability and AUC. To prevent redundant or useless weak classifiers the traditional AdaBoost algorithm generated from consuming too much system resources, this paper proposes an ensemble algorithm, PSOPD-AdaBoost-A, which can re-initialize parameters to avoid falling into local optimum, and optimize the coefficients of AdaBoost weak classifiers. Experiment results show that the proposed algorithm is effective for processing imbalanced data, especially the data with relatively high imbalances.
Cui Bono? Assessing Community Engagement in San Francisco Community Benefit Agreements
Authors: Buitelaar Madeline Streiff
Published: March 2019

A community benefit agreement (CBA) that provides tax breaks to a company often has provisions to help uplift the area where the business resides. A number of San Francisco companies, especially those in the technology sector, have received tax relief, a tangible benefit granted in exchange for operating in designated blighted areas, the details of which are delineated in publicly available CBAs. One CBA requirement for the tax break—community engagement—defies easy measurement. This paper assesses whether San Francisco companies were held accountable for fulfilling this unclear but core CBA requirement, namely, engagement with disenfranchised community members, an important part of their corporate social responsibility. To assess the community engagement stipulation of CBAs, this paper presents background on CBAs followed by interview data from two anonymous community liaisons who were formerly or are currently responsible for community engagement at companies that received the tax break. Themes found in the interview data highlight the limitations of CBAs that result from the unequal social exchange between companies and the indigent residents of blighted areas where the businesses are located. The study concludes that the benefits of the vague and unenforceable community engagement provision of CBAs do not justify the companies’ payroll tax exclusion. The disproportionality of this quid pro quo risks aggravating impoverished residents’ resentment of companies and their employees. The relevance of this study’s low participation rate among community liaisons is also discussed.
Correction: An Efficient Grid-Based K-Prototypes Algorithm for Sustainable Decision Making Using Spatial Objects. Sustainability 2018, 10, 2614
Authors: Jang Hong-Jun , Kim Byoungwook , Kim Jongwan , Jung Soon-Young
Published: March 2019

The authors would like to make the following corrections to this paper [...]
Screening and Immobilizing the Denitrifying Microbes in Sediment for Bioremediation
Authors: Yan Yixin , Fu Dafang , Shi Jiayuan
Published: March 2019

In this study, immobilized microbial beads were proposed as a solution for excessive nitrogen concentration of the river sediment. The predominant denitrifying microbes were screened from the river sediment. The optimized production of immobilized microbial beads and long-term nitrogen removal efficiency were investigated. 16S rRNA gene sequencing analysis showed that denitrifying bacteria such as Pseudomonas, Alcaligenes, Proteiniclasticum, Achromobacter and Methylobacillus were dominant microflora in the enriched microbial agent, which accounted for 94.43% of the total microbes. Pseudomonas belongs to Gammaproteo bacteria, accounting for 49.22% and functioned as the most predominant denitrifying bacteria. The material concentration of 8% polyvinyl alcohol, 0.5% sodium alginate and 12.5% microbial biomass were found to be the optimal immobilizing conditions. The NH4+-N and total nitrogen (TN) removal rates in sediment with dosing immobilized microbial beads were estimated as 68.1% and 67.8%, respectively, when compared to the dosing liquid microbial agent were 50.5% and 49.3%. Meanwhile, the NH4+-N and TN removal rates in overlying water went up from 53.14% to 59.69% and from 68.03% to 78.13%, respectively, by using immobilized microbial beads.
Water and Sewage Management Issues in Rural Poland
Authors: Piasecki Adam
Published: March 2019

Water and sewage management in Poland has systematically been transformed in terms of quality and quantity since the 1990s. Currently, the most important problem in this matter is posed by areas where buildings are spread out across rural areas. The present work aims to analyse the process of changes and the current state of water and sewage management in rural areas of Poland. The author intended to present the issues in their broader context, paying attention to local specificity as well as natural and economic conditions. The analysis led to the conclusion that there have been significant positive changes in water and sewage infrastructure in rural Poland. A several-fold increase in the length of sewage and water supply networks and number of sewage treatment plants was identified. There has been an increase in the use of water and treated sewage, while raw sewage has been minimised. Tap-water quality and wastewater treatment standards have improved. At the same time, areas requiring further improvement—primarily wastewater management—were indicated. It was identified that having only 42% of the rural population connected to a collective sewerage system is unsatisfactory. All the more so, in light of the fact that more than twice as many consumers are connected to the water supply network (85%). The major ecological threat that closed-system septic sewage tanks pose is highlighted. It is pointed out that they are mainly being replaced by household wastewater treatment systems with ineffective filtering drainage. Furthermore, recommendations were also made for the future development of selected aspects of water and sewage management, including the legal and the political.
Identification of Factors Affecting Bacterial Abundance and Community Structures in a Full-Scale Chlorinated Drinking Water Distribution System
Authors: Dias Vanessa C. F. , Durand Audrey-Anne , Constant Philippe , Prévost Michèle , Bédard Emilie
Published: March 2019

Disentangling factors influencing suspended bacterial community structure across distribution system and building plumbing provides insight into microbial control strategies from source to tap. Water quality parameters (residence time, chlorine, and total cells) and bacterial community structure were investigated across a full-scale chlorinated drinking water distribution system. Sampling was conducted in treated water, in different areas of the distribution system and in hospital building plumbing. Bacterial community was evaluated using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Bacterial community structure clearly differed between treated, distributed, and premise plumbing water samples. While Proteobacteria (60%), Planctomycetes (20%), and Bacteroidetes (10%) were the most abundant phyla in treated water, Proteobacteria largely dominated distribution system sites (98%) and taps (91%). Distributed and tap water differed in their Proteobacteria profile: Alphaproteobacteria was dominant in distributed water (92% vs. 65% in tap waters), whereas Betaproteobacteria was most abundant in tap water (18% vs. 2% in the distribution system). Finally, clustering of bacterial community profiles was largely explained by differences in chlorine residual concentration, total bacterial count, and water residence time. Residual disinfectant and hydraulic residence time were determinant factors of the community structure in main pipes and building plumbing, rather than treated water bacterial communities.
Optimal Selection and Monitoring of Nodes Aimed at Supporting Leakages Identification in WDS
Authors: Righetti Maurizio , Bort Carlos Maximiliano Giorgio , Bottazzi Michele , Menapace Andrea , Zanfei Ariele
Published: March 2019

Many efforts have been made in recent decades to formulate strategies for improving the efficiency of water distribution systems (WDS), led by the socio-demographic evolution of modern society and the climate change scenario. The improvement of WDS management is a complex task that can be addressed by providing services to maximize revenues while ensuring that the quality standards required by national and international regulations are upheld. These two objectives can be fulfilled by utilizing optimized techniques for the operational and maintenance strategies of WDS. This paper proposes a methodology for assisting engineers in identifying water leakages in WDS, thus providing an effective procedure for ensuring high level hydraulic network functionality. The proposed approach is based on an inverse analysis of measured flow rates and pressure data, and consists of three steps: The analysis of measurements to select the most suitable period for leakage identification, the localization of the best measurement points based on a correlation analysis, and leakage identification with a hybrid optimization that combines the exploration capability of the differential evolution algorithm with the rapid convergence of particle swarm optimization. The proposed procedure is validated on a reference hydraulic network, known as the Apulian network.
UNIVERSALITY OF CULTURE AT CHALLENGES OF MODERN ISSUE: EDUCATIONAL ASPECTS
Authors: Yatsenko Olena
Published: March 2019

Philosophy as the principle of intellectual "capture" of organic cultural unity, its reflection, provides the necessary categorical and methodological apparatus for a discursive analysis of the current state of culture, the place in it of an individual, the possibility of searching for its further explications of self-expansion. The need for this referential analysis of the content-ideological foundations of culture is perhaps the most urgent task for modern humanities. Developed, for example, by Jurgen Habermas and Karl- Otto Apel of the concept of discursive ethics undeniably postulates the fact that in the event of the impossibility of organizing a new type of social life based on another type of civic consciousness and other principles of interpersonal communication, humanity generally risks ending its existence. It is recognized that world culture is in a state of crisis for a long time. There were no trends indicating a certain positive dynamics of its transformation. Therefore, the necessity follows the conclusion - culture as a product of the creative specific human way of developing the world needs "help" from its conscious carrier.
UKRAINIAN LEGAL FIELD OF EDUCATION: THE ESTABLISHMENT AND DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Simakova Nataliya
Published: March 2019

The article reviewed the "National Doctrine of Education Development in the XXI Century", in particular, which was born in the conditions when the issue of Ukraine’s accession to the Bologna process was discussed. At that time The Convention on the Recognition of Qualifications concerning Higher Education in the European Region (The Lisbon recognition convention (1997) has already received the status of the Law of Ukraine. The main idea of the Convention is to provide all people of the European Region with full use of the source of the diversity of educational systems, to as much as possible facilitate the access of residents of each country and students in the educational institutions to the educational resources of other states, to a certain extent predetermined the ideology of the “National Doctrine”. And although the decision to join the Bologna process at the time of preparing the document was not yet made, however, all of its provisions brought Ukraine closer to the European choice in the field of education, demonstrating its orientation towards European standards and principles.
TRAINING OF FUTURE NURSERY SCHOOL TEACHERS FOR THE ORGANIZATION OF THE PRESCHOOL AGE CHILDREN THEATRICAL ACTIVITY
Authors: Lubchak Lyudmila
Published: March 2019

In order to increase readiness of future educators to organize theatrical activity in modern pre-school establishments, it is proposed not to include new educational disciplines to the universities’ curriculum, but to offer practical tasks for students to organize various kinds of children's theatrical activity in context of an existing disciplines of pedagogical cycle and in the process of pedagogical practice. Excursions to a puppet theater, manufacturing of various types of puppet theater with their subsequent presentation, demonstration of fragments of puppet performances during classes and pedagogical skills competitions, study of advanced pedagogical experience, etc. are considered to be effective forms and methods of work as part of practical classes of “Pedagogical Excellence”.
UKRAINIAN TOY AS AN ETHNO-CULTURAL MEANS OF UPBRINGING PRESCHOOL CHILDREN FROM THE FAMILIES OF ANTITERRORIST OPERATION PARTICIPANTS AND INTERNALLY DISPLACED PERSONS
Authors: Povoroznyuk Svitlana
Published: March 2019

In the upbringing of preschool age children from the families of Antiterrorist operation participants and internally displaced persons, Ukrainian toys are used primarily as effective ethnocultural means of correctional and educational work, carried out to ensure successful adaptation of children to new conditions, their re-socialization. Since these children are very often reticent, they refuse to communicate with both the teacher and other children in the group, the content of such work is the creation by the educator of a positive emotional and sensual background for the child’s perception of the new environment, the involuntary establishment of a communicative contact with her, encouraging the child to engage in active communicative activities with peers and adults. Folk toy is also an important means of national-patriotic education, because through manipulative actions with it, the child deepens knowledge about everyday life and features of the traditional family and social relations of Ukrainians, and accordingly expands the system of ideas about his people and his culture. Ukrainian folk toy is an effective means of aesthetic education of children, since it is a skillful example of Ukrainian decorative and applied art.
English Environment Programs at Polytechnic of National Informatics
Authors: Hasim Fiviyanti
Published: March 2019

English Environment Programs is one of method In Improving Speaking Ability At Polytechnic of National Informatics. This research aims at finding out wheather or not the use of English environment Programs improve the speaking ability. This research used Quasy experimental method with two group pre-test and post-test design. The result of the data analysis showed that the degree of freedom (df) was 43 (n1 + n2 – 2) where n1 = 30 and n2 = 15 so 30 + 15 – 2 = 43), the level of significant (α) = 0.05, the t-test value of students’ speaking ability= 3.765, and the t-table value = 2.021. The t-test value is greater than the t-table value (3.765 > 2.021), this showed that there is a significant difference of improvement between the Control group and Experimental Group. It means that the Alternative Hypothesis (H1) is accepted while the Null Hypothesis (H0) rejected. Based on the result above, the researcher concluded that the using of English Environment Programs can improve the speaking ability of the second year students of Polytechnic of National InformaticsKeywords: English Environment, Speaking, Effectiveness
Word-Level Translation Techniques in Medical Terms From English into Indonesian
Authors: Rongre Yohanis
Published: March 2019

The aim of this study was to describe the use of translation techniques and the impact of the use of translation techniques on the accuracy and acceptability of medical terms in book of the Foundation Module: the midwife in the community. The method used in this research was a mixed method design, combining quantitative and qualitative approaches as it to discuss the quantification of the frequency of translation techniques used by the translator to translate medical terms and the impact of translation techniques applied on the accuracy and acceptability of the medical term translations. The source of data in this study is a book entitled Foundation Module: the midwife in the community and its Indonesian translation and 6 informants as well as a rater to assess the quality of medical terms translation.  The results of this study showed that translation of medical terms of total 334 data dominated by naturalized borrowing 32.63%, calque 16.77% and description technique 8.38%. Meanwhile, quality assessment of the accuracy level of the translation showed a highly accurate 80.24% and assessment of acceptability 86.53%. Mostly the techniques used in translating medical terms give a positive influence for the accuracy and acceptability level of translation because the techniques used delivery the same information from the source language into the target language which is accepted linguistically.
Dixon’s Sit Subtype Of Rest Verbs In English and Buginese
Authors: Hartari Andi Reskiana
Published: March 2019

Sit Subtype refers to a stance of resting, some verbs specification of Locus is obligator and other it is optional. The aims of this research were (1) To identify Rest verbs in English and Buginese based on the Sit subtypes divided by Dixon. (2) To investigate the differences and similarities in terms of semantical and grammatical construction of Sit subtypes of Rest verbs in English and Buginese. English data were collected from Corpus of Contemporary American English (COCA), while data of Buginese were obtained from field research through process of observation and in depth interview. Both of the data were analyzed with description and qualitative analysis.The result of this research shows that (1) There are nine rest verbs of Sit subtype in English, they are sit (down), stand (up), lie (down), kneel, crouch, squat, lean, hang (down), and float, while in Buginese, there nineteen of Sit subtype: ttudang, ccado’, sEppo’, massampiang, massulekka, makkaddao uttu, mattulak sadang, mappasilojo’, mappalempu, tettong, llEu, maggalelu, mattojang, makkaluttu, ccuku’, rroko’, maccekkeng, ssanrE’, maggattung, and mmawang. (2) The main differences of rest verbs in English and Buginese based on Sit subtype can be seen from two aspects, clause structure and a stance of resting. From clause structure, In English a NP is followed by VP, while in Buginese is permissible that VP is followed by NP that marked by suffix –I in VP. From a stance of resting aspect, cultural background plays important role determining the variants of the rest verb.
AN IMPROVED HYBRID OPTIMIZATION ALGORITHM FOR THE QUADRATIC ASSIGNMENT PROBLEM
Authors: Misevičius A.
Published: March 2019

In this paper, we present an improved hybrid optimization algorithm, which was applied to the hard combinatorial optimization problem, the quadratic assignment problem (QAP). This is an extended version of the earlier hybrid heuristic approach proposed by the author. The new algorithm is distinguished for the further exploitation of the idea of hybridization of the well‐known efficient heuristic algorithms, namely, simulated annealing (SA) and tabu search (TS). The important feature of our algorithm is the so‐called “cold restart mechanism”, which is used in order to avoid a possible “stagnation” of the search. This strategy resulted in very good solutions obtained during simulations with a number of the QAP instances (test data). These solutions show that the proposed algorithm outperforms both the “pure” SA/TS algorithms and the earlier author's combined SA and TS algorithm. Key words: hybrid optimization, simulated annealing, tabu search, quadratic assignment problem, simulation.
APPLICATIONS OF INSPECTION GAMES
Authors: Avenhaus R.
Published: March 2019

An inspection game is a mathematical model of a non‐cooperative situation where an inspector verifies that another party, called inspectee, adheres to legal rules. The inspector wishes to deter illegal activity on the part of the inspectee and, should illegal activity nevertheless take place, detect it with the highest possible probability and as soon as possible. The inspectee may have some incentive to violate his commitments and violation, if observed, will incur punishment. Therefore if he chooses illegal behaviour, the inspectee will wish to avoid detection with the highest possible probability.

Three examples of applications are presented. The first one deals with random controls in public transportation systems. The second one describes the problem of verification of arms control and disarmament in a very general way. The third one deals with inspections over time which are important in the context of non‐proliferation verification.
STABILITY OF THREE‐LEVEL DIFFERENCE SCHEMES WITH RESPECT TO THE RIGHT‐HAND SIDE
Authors: Zyuzina E. L.
Published: March 2019

In this paper we investigate three‐level difference schemes on non‐uniform grids in time. The a priori estimates of stability with respect to the initial data and the right‐hand side are obtained. New schemes of the raised order of approximation for wave equations are constructed and investigated.
IMPLICIT NUMERICAL ALGORITHM FOR THE SOLUTION OF PHASE TRANSITION PROBLEMS IN MULTI‐COMPONENT ALLOYS
Authors: Chtcheritsa O. V. , Mazhorova O. S. , Popov Yu. P.
Published: March 2019

New finite difference method for numerical study of phase transition process in multi‐component alloys is proposed. The algorithm is based on conservative fully implicit scheme and the simultaneous determination of concentration distribution in solid and liquid phases, and the interface position. The numerical procedure appears to be unconditionally stable. It is compared with a commonly used technique, which determines concentration distribution and interface position (growth rate) consequently.
Trigonometric Parallaxes of Star-forming Regions beyond the Tangent Point of the Sagittarius Spiral Arm
Authors: Wu 吴 Y. W. 元伟 , Reid M. J. , Sakai 坂 N. 井伸行 , Dame T. M. , Menten K. M. , Brunthaler A. , Xu 徐 Y. 烨 , Li 李 J. J. 晶晶 , Ho 胡 B. 波 , Zhang 张 B. 波 , Rygl K. L. J. , Zheng 郑 X. W. 兴武
Published: March 2019

As part of the BeSSeL Survey, we report trigonometric parallaxes and proper motions of molecular maser sources associated with 13 distant high-mass star-forming regions in the Sagittarius spiral arm of the Milky Way. In particular, we obtain improved parallax distance estimates for three well-studied regions:

for M17,

for W51, and

for GAL 045.5+00.0. Peculiar motions for all but one source are less than 20 km s−1. We fit a log-periodic spiral to the locations and estimate an average pitch angle of 7.°2 ± 1.°9. We find that the section of the arm beyond the tangent point in the first quadrant of the Milky Way appears 15 pc below the IAU-defined Galactic plane.
HARPS-N Solar RVs Are Dominated by Large, Bright Magnetic Regions
Authors: Milbourne T. W. , Haywood R. D. , Phillips D. F. , Saar S. H. , Cegla H. M. , Cameron A. C. , Costes J. , Dumusque X. , Langellier N. , Latham D. W. , Maldonado J. , Malavolta L. , Mortier A. , III M. L. Palumbo , Thompson S. , Watson C. A. , Bouchy F. , Buchschacher N. , Cecconi M. , Charbonneau D. , Cosentino R. , Ghedina A. , Glenday A. G. , Gonzalez M. , Li C-H. , Lodi M. , López-Morales M. , Lovis C. , Mayor M. , Micela G. , Molinari E. , Pepe F. , Piotto G. , Rice K. , Sasselov D. , Ségransan D. , Sozzetti A. , Szentgyorgyi A. , Udry S. , Walsworth R. L.
Published: March 2019

State-of-the-art radial-velocity (RV) exoplanet searches are currently limited by RV signals arising from stellar magnetic activity. We analyze solar observations acquired over a 3 yr period during the decline of Carrington Cycle 24 to test models of RV variation of Sun-like stars. A purpose-built solar telescope at the High Accuracy Radial-velocity Planet Searcher for the Northern hemisphere (HARPS-N) provides disk-integrated solar spectra, from which we extract RVs and

log

R

HK

′

. The Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) provides disk-resolved images of magnetic activity. The Solar Radiation and Climate Experiment (SORCE) provides near-continuous solar photometry, analogous to a Kepler light curve. We verify that the SORCE photometry and HARPS-N

log

R

HK

′

correlate strongly with the SDO-derived magnetic filling factor, while the HARPS-N RV variations do not. To explain this discrepancy, we test existing models of RV variations. We estimate the contributions of the suppression of convective blueshift and the rotational imbalance due to brightness inhomogeneities to the observed HARPS-N RVs. We investigate the time variation of these contributions over several rotation periods, and how these contributions depend on the area of active regions. We find that magnetic active regions smaller than 60 Mm2 do not significantly suppress convective blueshift. Our area-dependent model reduces the amplitude of activity-induced RV variations by a factor of two. The present study highlights the need to identify a proxy that correlates specifically with large, bright magnetic regions on the surfaces of exoplanet-hosting stars.
First Cosmology Results Using Type Ia Supernovae from the Dark Energy Survey: Photometric Pipeline and Light-curve Data Release
Authors: Brout D. , Sako M. , Scolnic D. , Kessler R. , D’Andrea C. B. , Davis T. M. , Hinton S. R. , Kim A. G. , Lasker J. , Macaulay E. , Möller A. , Nichol R. C. , Smith M. , Sullivan M. , Wolf R. C. , Allam S. , Bassett B. A. , Brown P. , Castander F. J. , Childress M. , Foley R. J. , Galbany L. , Herner K. , Kasai E. , March M. , Morganson E. , Nugent P. , Pan Y.-C. , Thomas R. C. , Tucker B. E. , Wester W. , Abbott T. M. C. , Annis J. , Avila S. , Bertin E. , Brooks D. , Burke D. L. , Rosell A. Carnero , Kind M. Carrasco , Carretero J. , Crocce M. , Cunha C. E. , Costa L. N. da , Davis C. , Vicente J. De , Desai S. , Diehl H. T. , Doel P. , Eifler T. F. , Flaugher B. , Fosalba P. , Frieman J. , García-Bellido J. , Gaztanaga E. , Gerdes D. W. , Goldstein D. A. , Gruen D. , Gruendl R. A. , Gschwend J. , Gutierrez G. , Hartley W. G. , Hollowood D. L. , Honscheid K. , James D. J. , Kuehn K. , Kuropatkin N. , Lahav O. , Li T. S. , Lima M. , Marshall J. L. , Martini P. , Miquel R. , Nord B. , Plazas A. A. , Roodman A. , Rykoff E. S. , Sanchez E. , Scarpine V. , Schindler R. , Schubnell M. , Serrano S. , Sevilla-Noarbe I. , Soares-Santos M. , Sobreira F. , Suchyta E. , Swanson M. E. C. , Tarle G. , Thomas D. , Tucker D. L. , Walker A. R. , Yanny B. , Zhang Y. ,   (DES COLLABORATION)
Published: March 2019

We present griz light curves of 251 SNe Ia from the first 3 years of the Dark Energy Survey Supernova Program’s (DES-SN) spectroscopically classified sample. The photometric pipeline described in this paper produces the calibrated fluxes and associated uncertainties used in the cosmological parameter analysis by employing a scene modeling approach that simultaneously models a variable transient flux and temporally constant host galaxy. We inject artificial point sources onto DECam images to test the accuracy of our photometric method. Upon comparison of input and measured artificial supernova fluxes, we find that flux biases peak at 3 mmag. We require corrections to our photometric uncertainties as a function of host galaxy surface brightness at the transient location, similar to that seen by the DES Difference Imaging Pipeline used to discover transients. The public release of the light curves can be found at https://des.ncsa.illinois.edu/releases/sn.
Widespread Molecular Outflows in the Infrared Dark Cloud G28.37+0.07: Indications of Orthogonal Outflow-filament Alignment
Authors: Kong Shuo , Arce Héctor G. , Maureira María José , Caselli Paola , Tan Jonathan C. , Fontani Francesco
Published: March 2019

We present ALMA CO(2-1) observations toward a massive infrared dark cloud G28.37+0.07. The ALMA data reveal numerous molecular (CO) outflows with a wide range of sizes throughout the cloud. Sixty-two 1.3 mm continuum cores were identified to be driving molecular outflows. We have determined the position angle in the plane-of-sky of 120 CO outflow lobes and studied their distribution. We find that the distribution of the plane-of-sky outflow position angles peaks at about 100°, corresponding to a concentration of outflows with an approximately east–west direction. For most outflows, we have been able to estimate the plane-of-sky angle between the outflow axis and the filament that harbors the protostar that powers the outflow. Statistical tests strongly indicate that the distribution of outflow-filament orientations is consistent with most outflow axes being mostly orthogonal to their parent filament in three dimensions. Such alignment may result from filament fragmentation or continuous mass transportation from the filament to the embedded protostellar core. The latter is suggested by recent numerical studies with moderately strong magnetic fields.
A Panchromatic View of the Bulge Globular Cluster NGC 6569*
Authors: Saracino S. , Dalessandro E. , Ferraro F. R. , Lanzoni B. , Geisler D. , Cohen R. E. , Bellini A. , Vesperini E. , Salaris M. , Cassisi S. , Pietrinferni A. , Origlia L. , Mauro F. , Villanova S. , Bidin C. Moni
Published: March 2019

We used high-resolution optical Hubble Space Telescope/WFC3 and multiconjugate adaptive optics assisted GEMINI GeMS/Gemini South Adaptive Optics Imager observations in the near-infrared (NIR) to investigate the physical properties of the globular cluster (GC) NGC 6569 in the Galactic bulge. We have obtained the deepest purely NIR color–magnitude diagram published so far for this cluster using ground-based observations, reaching K

s
 ≈ 21.0 mag (two magnitudes below the main-sequence turn-off point). By combining the two data sets secured at two different epochs, we determined relative proper motions for a large sample of individual stars in the center of NGC 6569, allowing a robust selection of cluster member stars. Our proper motion analysis solidly demonstrates that, despite its relatively high metal content, NGC 6569 hosts some blue horizontal branch stars. A differential reddening map has been derived in the direction of the system, revealing a maximum color excess variation of about

mag in the available field of view. The absolute age of NGC 6569 has been determined for the first time. In agreement with the other few bulge GCs with available age estimates, NGC 6569 turns out to be old, with an age of about 12.8 Gyr, and a typical uncertainty of 0.8–1.0 Gyr.
The Approach to Defining the Competencies for Military Professionals in Command and Control in Military Operations
Authors: Stojar Richard
Published: March 2019

The author presents the results of the research in the field of defining the competencies for military professionals in command and control in military operations. The main purpose of the article is to familiarize the readers with the proposal of the recommendations for implementing an integrated approach to defining the competencies needed for military personnel within the Ministry of Defense of the Czech Republic. On the basis of the analysis of the national strategic documents, analysis of the system of management of educational and training activities and evaluation of the current competency model for the members of the Czech Armed Forces, the recommendations were drawn up to introduce a conceptual approach to defining the competencies for military personnel. This set of proposed measures provides a baseline for applying the competency model as a human resource management tool.
Models of Proliferation of Rocket Technologies Used by Hybrid Actors in the Middle East
Authors: Kulhánek Ladislav
Published: March 2019

Rocket technology occupies an elite position in the doctrines of hybrid actors in the Middle East. The thesis of proliferation of tactical ballistic missiles analyses four models - political, technological, substitutional and propagandist-psychological. An effective reduction of ballistic missiles and technologies has been identified in the political model, where sanctions and embargoes limit the proliferation of missile technology. In the technical model, which plays a key role, the limiting factors are those of development and dissemination of high-energy laser weapons. The substitutional model illustrates the application of tactical ballistic missiles as carriers for improvised devices. It is of marginal importance, despite covering targets that involve secondary damage. Studying the model of propaganda and psychology confirms the psychological effect on the population associated with the losses, but it does not affect the reduction of missiles.
Primary Regressive, But Metastasizing Melanoma!?
Authors: Tchernev Georgi , Temelkova Ivanka
Published: March 2019

BACKGROUND: Cases of regressive melanomas represent a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge because time intervals between the presence of the primary tumour formation, the metastasis and the involution of the primary tumour may intertwine or occur at different times. The regression of cutaneous melanomas does not necessarily guarantee prevention from the development of locoregional or distant metastases. There are cases in which the prognosis of patients with the development of subsequent metastasis within regressive melanomas may be better depending on the number and location of metastases.
CASE REPORT: We are presenting a 42-year-old patient with two timed removals of enlarged inguinal lymph nodes within one year, as the subsequent histological examination identified histopathological data for metastasis of melanoma. BRAF testing was positive for BRAF mutation. Within the anamnesis, it was further clear that the patient had an irritated melanocytic lesion in the lateral right thigh area, which over the time disappeared and shortly after that, the enlargement of locoregional lymph nodes has been noted.
CONCLUSION: In the presented case prognosis and therapeutic options for treatment of patients with regression melanomas and subsequent development of lymph node metastasis have been discussed. Currently, there is no consentaneous opinion on the applicability of the early adjuvant therapy with targeted therapies or immunotherapy in patients with regressive and non-regressive type melanomas. We suggest and share the idea that early adjuvant therapy may be beneficial generally in patients with stage III melanomas.
Association between Glycated Hemoglobin with the Levels of Serum Proinflammatory Cytokines and Antioxidants in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Universitas Sumatera Utara Hospital
Authors: Sari Mutiara Indah , Tala Zaimah Z. , Wahyuni Dian Dwi
Published: March 2019

BACKGROUND: Hyperglycemia condition in diabetes mellitus (DM) influences proinflammatory cytokine levels and disrupts antioxidant balances. Glycated Hemoglobin is used as a biomarker of glycemic control in DM.
AIM: This study aimed to analyse the association between glycated Hemoglobin with the levels of serum proinflammatory cytokines (interleukin (IL)-6) and antioxidants (glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and glutathione (GSH)) in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients in Universitas Sumatera Utara (USU) Hospital.
METHODS: A total of eighty-nine T2DM patients were recruited at USU Hospital. Glycated Hemoglobin levels were measured using routine laboratory tests at USU Hospital. The IL-6, GPx, and GSH levels were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent (ELISA) method. The statistical significance was determined using the Kruskal Wallis test, followed by Mann-Whitney test (p < 0.05).
RESULTS: The mean of glycated hemoglobin (%), IL-6 (pg/ml), GPx (ng/ml), and GSH (ng/ml) levels in T2DM patients were 8.96 ± 2.28, 59.27 ± 16.04, 32.13 ± 12.10, and 7.42 ± 3.50, respectively. Regarding the glycated Hemoglobin levels, 28.09% of patients had controlled diabetes, 24.72% of patients had poorly controlled diabetes, and 47.19% of patients had uncontrolled diabetes. The IL-6 levels of the three study groups based on glycated Hemoglobin levels were related significantly (p < 0.05), but there was no statistically significant difference observed between the GPx and GSH levels (p > 0.05).
CONCLUSION: The present study suggests that the glycated Hemoglobin was associated with the levels of serum IL-6 levels but not GPx and GSH levels in T2DM patients in USU Hospital.
Superoxide Dismutase Levels and Polymorphism (Ala16val) In Tuberculosis Patients with Diabetes Mellitus in Medan City
Authors: Sari Mutiara Indah , Daulay Milahayati , Wahyuni Dian Dwi
Published: March 2019

BACKGROUND: Infectious diseases and metabolic disorders would result in oxidative stress in cells. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) is an antioxidant present inside cells that acts against oxidative stress. SOD gene polymorphism can affect the activity and levels of SOD.
AIM: This study aimed to analyse SOD levels and polymorphism of gene (ala16val) that regulated SOD in tuberculosis patients with diabetes mellitus in Medan city.
METHODS: A total of 40 tuberculosis patients with diabetes mellitus and 40 healthy subjects participated in the study. The levels of SOD were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Analysis of SOD gene polymorphism (ala16val) was done using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment lengths polymorphisms (PCR-RFLP) with BsaW1 as the restriction enzyme. The statistical significance was determined using the Mann Whitney test, Fisher's exact test, and Kruskal Wallis test (p < 0.05).
RESULTS: The SOD levels of tuberculosis patients with diabetes mellitus were lower than those of the healthy subjects (102.474 ± 36.07 U/L vs 294.543 ± 58.75 U/L, p < 0.05). Patients of tuberculosis with diabetes mellitus tend to have more value/Val genotypes than the healthy group (57.5% vs 50%, p > 0.05). There was no association between SOD levels and SOD gene polymorphism (ala16val) in tuberculosis patients with diabetes mellitus.
CONCLUSION: In this study, there was an association between the levels of SOD and tuberculosis patients with diabetes mellitus, but not for the SOD gene polymorphism (ala16val). The SOD gene polymorphism (ala16val) was not the key role to influence the SOD levels in tuberculosis patients with diabetes mellitus in Medan city.
The Association between the Level of Antithrombin III and Mortality in Children with Sepsis
Authors: Lestari Indah Nur , Yoel Chairul , Lubis Munar
Published: March 2019

BACKGROUND: Sepsis is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in children. The diagnosis of sepsis remains continuing to develop which determines treatment and prognostic. Antithrombin III is one of the coagulation markers to evaluate the prognosis of sepsis.
AIM: To determine the association between the level of antithrombin III and mortality in children with sepsis in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Haji Adam Malik General Hospital, Medan.
METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Haji Adam Malik General Hospital, Medan from April until June 2015. There were 41 children with sepsis. Sepsis was diagnosed from clinical and laboratory findings. Complete blood count, antithrombin III level, C-reactive protein and procalcitonin were an indicator of unproven sepsis that performed in the laboratory. Meanwhile blood culture was performed in the microbiology laboratory. The association between the level of antithrombin III and mortality was analysed by using chi-square test.
RESULTS: Of the 41 participants, the low antithrombin III level was 13 of 41 children (31.7%) meanwhile the normal antithrombin III level was 28 of 41 children (68.3%). There was 8 of 13 (42.1%) and 11 of 28 (57.9%) children in death cases of low and normal antithrombin III level, respectively. Samples with low antithrombin III level had 2.473 higher risk mortality than normal antithrombin III level (P = 0.184; 95% CI 0.641 to 9.5421; PR = 2.473).
CONCLUSION: There was no statistically significant association between levels of antithrombin III and mortality in children with sepsis.