bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
‘Candidatus Phytoplasma asteris’ subgroups display distinct disease progression dynamics during the carrot growing season
Authors: Clements Justin , Bradford Benjamin Z. , Garcia Marjorie , Piper Shannon , Huang Weijie , Zwolinska Agnieszka , Lamour Kurt , Hogenhout Saskia , Groves Russell L.
Published: February 2021

Aster Yellows phytoplasma (AYp; ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma asteris’) is an obligate bacterial pathogen that is the causative agent of multiple diseases in herbaceous plants. While this phytoplasma has been examined in depth for its disease characteristics, knowledge about the spatial and temporal dynamics of pathogen spread is lacking. The phytoplasma is found in plant’s phloem and is vectored by leafhoppers (Cicadellidae: Hemiptera), including the aster leafhopper, Macrosteles quadrilineatus Forbes. The aster leafhopper is a migratory insect pest that overwinters in the southern United States, and historical data suggest these insects migrate from southern overwintering locations to northern latitudes annually, transmitting and driving phytoplasma infection rates as they migrate. A more in-depth understanding of the spatial, temporal and genetic determinants of Aster Yellows disease progress will lead to better integrated pest management strategies for Aster Yellows disease control. Carrot, Daucus carota L., plots were established at two planting densities in central Wisconsin and monitored during the 2018 growing season for Aster Yellows disease progression. Symptomatic carrots were sampled and assayed for the presence of the Aster Yellows phytoplasma. Aster Yellows disease progression was determined to be significantly associated with calendar date, crop density, location within the field, and phytoplasma subgroup.
Optimising weight-loss interventions in cancer patients—A systematic review and network meta-analysis
Authors: LeVasseur Nathalie , Cheng Wei , Mazzarello Sasha , Clemons Mark , Vandermeer Lisa , Jones Lee , Joy Anil Abraham , Barbeau Pauline , Wolfe Dianna , Ahmadzai Nadera , Hersi Mona , Stober Carol , Shorr Risa , Hilton John , Hutton Brian
Published: February 2021

Background

Excess weight has been associated with increased morbidity and a worse prognosis in adult patients with early-stage cancer. The optimal lifestyle interventions to optimize anthropometric measures amongst cancer patients and survivors remain inconsistent.

Objective

To conduct a systematic review and network meta-analysis (NMA) of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing the effects of exercise and dietary interventions alone or in combination on anthropometric measures of adult cancer patients and survivors.

Methods

A systematic search of Medline, Embase and the Cochrane Trials Registry was performed. Outcomes of interest included changes in weight, body mass index (BMI), and waist circumference. Screening and data collection were performed by two reviewers. Bayesian NMAs were performed.

Results

Overall, 98 RCTs were included; 75 were incorporated in NMAs (n = 12,199). Groups of intervention strategies included: 3 exercise interventions, 8 dietary interventions, 7 combination interventions of diet and exercise and standard care. Median intervention duration was 26 weeks. NMA suggested that diet alone (mean difference [MD] -2.25kg, 95% CrI -3.43 to -0.91kg) and combination strategies (MD -2.52kg, 95% CrI -3.54 to -1.62kg) were associated with more weight loss compared to standard care. All dietary interventions achieved a similar magnitude of weight loss (MD range from -2.03kg to -2.52kg). Both diet alone and combination strategies demonstrated greater BMI reductions versus standard care, and each of diet alone, exercise alone and combination strategies demonstrated greater reductions in waist circumference than standard care.

Conclusion

Diet and exercise alone or in combination are effective lifestyle interventions to improve anthropometric measures in cancer patients and survivors. All reputable diets appear to be similarly effective to achieve weight loss.
Ranking-based hierarchical random mutation in differential evolution
Authors: Zhong Xuxu , Duan Meijun , Cheng Peng
Published: February 2021

In order to improve the performance of differential evolution (DE), this paper proposes a ranking-based hierarchical random mutation in differential evolution (abbreviated as RHRMDE), in which two improvements are presented. First, RHRMDE introduces a hierarchical random mutation mechanism to apply the classic “DE/rand/1” and its variant on the non-inferior and inferior group determined by the fitness value. The non-inferior group employs the traditional mutation operator “DE/rand/1” with global and random characteristics, which increases the global exploration ability and population diversity. The inferior group uses the improved mutation operator “DE/rand/1” with elite and random characteristics, which enhances the local exploitation ability and convergence speed. Second, the control parameter adaptation of RHRMDE not only considers the complexity differences of various problems but also takes individual differences into account. The proposed RHRMDE is compared with five DE variants and five non-DE algorithms on 32 universal benchmark functions, and the results show that the RHRMDE is superior over the compared algorithms.
Clinical characteristics and prognosis of patients with Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia without a compromised illness
Authors: Kim Tae-Ok , Lee Jae-Kyeong , Kwon Yong-Soo , Kim Yu-Il , Lim Sung-Chul , Kim Min-Seok , Kho Bo Gun , Park Cheol-Kyu , Oh In-Jae , Kim Young-Chul , Park Ha Young , Shin Hong-Joon
Published: February 2021

Objective

Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PCP) is a fatal respiratory infection, mostly associated with immunocompromised conditions. Several reports have described PCP development in patients who were not immunocompromised, but the clinical course and prognosis of PCP are not well understood. We compared the clinical characteristics and prognoses between patients with and without immunocompromised conditions who developed PCP.

Methods

We retrospectively analyzed patients who had been treated for PCP from three hospitals. We defined immunocompromised (IC) status as following: human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection; hematological malignancy; solid organ tumor under chemotherapy; rheumatic disease; medication with immunosuppressive agents. Patients without immunocompromised status were defined as being non-immunocompromised (non-IC).

Results

The IC and non-IC groups comprised 173 and 14 patients. The median ages were 62.0 and 74.0 years in the IC and the non-IC group, respectively. The median interval between admission and anti-PCP treatment was significantly longer for patients in the non-IC group than that for patients in the IC group (7 vs. 2 days). The in-hospital mortality rates were significantly higher for patients in the non-IC group than that for patients in the IC group (71.4% vs. 43.9%; P = 0.047). A longer interval between admission and anti-PCP therapy was associated with increased 90-day mortality rate in patients with PCP (hazard ratio, 1.082; 95% confidence interval, 1.015–1.153; P = 0.016).

Conclusions

Patients with PCP with no predisposing illnesses were older and had higher mortality rates than IC patients with PCP. Delayed anti-PCP treatment was associated with increased 90-day mortality.
Cumulative incidence of midline incisional hernia and its surgical treatment after radical cystectomy and urinary diversion for bladder cancer: A nation-wide population-based study
Authors: Liedberg Fredrik , Hagberg Oskar , Aljabery Firas , Gårdmark Truls , Jahnson Staffan , Jerlström Tomas , Montgomery Agneta , Sherif Amir , Ströck Viveka , Häggström Christel , Holmberg Lars
Published: February 2021

Background and objective

To study the cumulative incidence and surgical treatment of midline incisional hernia (MIH) after cystectomy for bladder cancer.

Methods

In the nationwide Bladder Cancer Data Base Sweden (BladderBaSe), cystectomy was performed in 5646 individuals. Cumulative incidence MIH and surgery for MIH were investigated in relation to age, gender, comorbidity, previous laparotomy and/or inguinal hernia repair, operative technique, primary/secondary cystectomy, postoperative wound dehiscence, year of surgery, and period-specific mean annual hospital cystectomy volume (PSMAV).

Results

Three years after cystectomy the cumulative incidence of MIH and surgery for MIH was 8% and 4%, respectively. The cumulative incidence MIH was 12%, 9% and 7% in patients having urinary diversion with continent cutaneous pouch, orthotopic neobladder and ileal conduit. Patients with postoperative wound dehiscence had a higher three-year cumulative incidence MIH (20%) compared to 8% without. The corresponding cumulative incidence surgery for MIH three years after cystectomy was 9%, 6%, and 4% for continent cutaneous, neobladder, and conduit diversion, respectively, and 11% for individuals with postoperative wound dehiscence (vs 4% without). Using multivariable Cox regression, secondary cystectomy (HR 1.3 (1.0–1.7)), continent cutaneous diversion (HR 1.9 (1.1–2.4)), robot-assisted cystectomy (HR 1.8 (1–3.2)), wound dehiscence (HR 3.0 (2.0–4.7)), cystectomy in hospitals with PSMAV 10–25 (HR 1.4 (1.0–1.9)), as well as cystectomy during later years (HRs 2.5–3.1) were all independently associated with increased risk of MIH.

Conclusions

The cumulative incidence of MIH was 8% three years postoperatively, and increase over time. Avoiding postoperative wound dehiscence after midline closure is important to decrease the risk of MIH.
Uma moeda, duas faces: Representações sociais da liberdade de cátedra no ensino superior do Brasil
Authors: Slongo Garcia Bruno Eduardo , Pimentel Pedro Chapaval , Ferreira Jane Mendes
Published: January 2021

Neste artigo, analisamos como professores(as) universitários representam socialmente a Liberdade de Cátedra na atividade docente. Para atingir o objetivo proposto, realizamos vinte entrevistas com professores(as) de cursos de Ciências Sociais Aplicadas na educação superior pública e privada no Brasil, respectivamente com nomes fictícios de UNIPUB e CENU. Tomamos como base de análise a Teoria das Representações Sociais e as quatro dimensões da Liberdade de Cátedra, a saber: ensinar, aprender, pesquisar e divulgar. Nossos achados demonstram pontos de convergência e divergência entre as duas instituições. Ambas centram a liberdade no professor, mas divergem quanto à presença de outros indivíduos no processo de ensino e aprendizagem e, portanto, na representação da Liberdade de Cátedra. Ademais, dimensões como pesquisar e divulgar demonstraram diferenças acentuadas, enquanto na CENU a pesquisa é uma atividade voltada para a composição da aula e a divulgação é uma atividade distante, na UNIPUB há caráter científico e crítico. Em linhas gerais, a liberdade é representada e guiada por diretrizes passíveis de gerar conflitos na CENU, enquanto na UNIPUB, há uma livre atuação que, por vezes, é utilizada de forma inadequada.
Education faculty as knowledge brokers: Competing for access to New York State print media and policy influence
Authors: Anderson Gary , Gray-Nicolas Nakia M. , Payton Madison
Published: January 2021

In an environment in which new policy entrepreneurs and networks are influencing policy and public opinion, many university faculty are increasingly seeking ways to mobilize knowledge beyond academic conferences and journals. Using New York state as a case, we searched Access World News to compare the level of media access of academics with other knowledge brokering organizations (KBOs; e.g. think tanks, teachers’ unions, advocacy organizations, etc.). Our data shows relatively low levels of access for academics and provides profiles of those academics with high levels of access and what we might learn from them. We provide a discussion of the strategies of those academics who are successful at accessing the media and how disinvestment by the state from higher education and current incentive systems make it more difficult for academics to engage in knowledge mobilization beyond universities.
Early literacy materials and teacher practices in preschool classrooms
Authors: Kılınçcı Emine , Bayraktar Ayşegül
Published: January 2021

In this qualitative study, the aim was to examine early literacy materials used by teachers in preschool classrooms as well as teachers’ practices that were related to early literacy instruction. The participants of this qualitative study were 52 preschool teachers working in 22 public schools in the city of Uşak, Turkey. The Early Literacy Material Control Form was used to examine materials in the classrooms and one-to-one interviews were made with a semi-structured interview form to understand the practices of teachers. Results indicated that the preschool classes were lacking a sufficient amount and type of early literacy materials as well as activities chosen to stimulate early literacy skills development among children. There were shortcomings in effective literacy environment, book variety and the inclusion of diverse and interesting visuals in classroom. It was determined that teachers generally do mathematical activities and asked children to engage in drawing lines for their early literacy skills development. The most used method in the implementation of activities was the use of books and/or worksheets. Based on these findings, alternative ways to support early literacy skills and carrying out training programs which place more emphasis on early literacy materials and classroom practices are recommended.
Japanese Organizations in the Field of Regional Studies: History, Current State, Topical Issues
Authors:   Irkutsk State University, Kremnyov Evgeny , Shalina Irina ,   Irkutsk State University
Published: January 2021

The article, in line with transdisciplinary regionology, examines the history and current status of Japanese organizations working in the field of regional studies: research institutions and universities. The basic methods in the study were system analysis, science analysis, comparative analysis, terminological analysis and conceptual analysis. Basing on the analysis of their work and the main results, the authors of the article draw conclusions about the specifics of the topical issues in this area for Japan. It lies in the broad transdisciplinarity of regional studies, combined with the narrow focus of specific works and schools
Social Differentiation of Urban Territory: The St. Petersburg Residential Real Estate Case
Authors:   Herzen State Pedagogical University of Russia, Vasilyeva Оlga , Dmitrieva Аnastasia ,   Herzen State Pedagogical University of Russia, Halimov Timur ,   Vysokovsky Graduate School of Urbanism, National Research University Higher School of Economics
Published: January 2021

The article provides a comparative description of the administrative districts of St. Petersburg according to the residential development in them, taking into account the historical background and its prospects. Some economic indicators were analyzed for the city districts (average housing provision per capita, commissioning of the total housing area per 1 000 people, etc.) which made it possible to determine the contrast in the development of residential buildings in the districts of St. Petersburg and compose their typology
The Population of the Far Eastern Federal District: Realities and Prospects
Authors:   Economic Research Institute FEB RAS, Motrich Ekaterina
Published: January 2021

The paper analyzes the current demographic development of the Russian Far East. It shows the nature of the population change in the region (taking into account the Republic of Buryatia and the TRANS-Baikal territory that were included in the FEFD in 2018) in urban and rural areas. The article presents the population dynamics for the administrative centers of the Far Eastern regions and reveals their role in changing the urban population in the corresponding regions of the Far East. The data of three variants of the population forecast in the Far Eastern region are presented and the assumption is made about the possibility of the achievement of corresponding indicators
Urban Agglomerations and Spatial Development Strategy: A Geographer's View
Authors:   Economic Research Institute FEB RAS, Demyanenko Alexander
Published: January 2021

The article is based on a report at a methodological seminar organized by the ERI FEB RAS, which aimed to consider some problems of the study of urban agglomerations in the context of «Spatial Development Strategy». The main attention is paid to those issues that have ambiguous coverage in the Spatial Development Strategy. Among them, the author considered the place and role of agglomerations to the spatial organization of society, the analytical tools for studying urban agglomerations, and, finally, the problems of regulating agglomerations
Problems and Prospects of Urban Agglomerations Development
Authors:   Ural State University of Economics, Animitsa Evgeniy , Vlasova Natalya ,   Ural State University of Economics
Published: January 2021

The article provides an overview of research and governance actions for the urban agglomerations development in the Russian Federation. The main actors interested in the of urban agglomerations development as an object of governance are considered. The importance of inter-municipal cooperation as one of the mechanisms for urban agglomerations development is emphasized
Penyisihan Nutrien Nitrogen Pada Limbah Cair Artifisial NPK Menggunakan Sistem Floating Treatment Wetlands (FTWs)
Authors: Sugiarti Sugiarti , Setiadewi Nurul , Oktaviyani Dian , Rohaningsih Denalis
Published: January 2021

Lahan Basah Terapung atau Floating Treatment Wetlands (FTWs) merupakan salah satu alternatif pengolahan limbah secara alamiah untuk mengurangi kadar polutan pada suatu badan air dengan memanfaatkan akar tanaman sebagai penyerap polutan tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efisiensi penyisihan konsentrasi nutrien nitrogen, antara lain ammonia, nitrat, dan total nitrogen (TN), di dalam limbah cair artifisial NPK menggunakan sistem FTWs dengan pemanfaatan tanaman melati air (Echinodorus berteroi (Spreng.) Fassett) dan pisang–pisangan (Helliconia psittaforum) sebagai penyerap nutrien tersebut. Kolam percobaan sejumlah 4 (empat) diisi pupuk NPK sebagai limbah artifisial dengan konsentrasi N sebesar 2 mg/L. Kolam 1 merupakan kolam kontrol, kolam 2 berisi FTWs tanpa tanaman, kolam 3 berisi FTWs dengan tanaman melati air, dan kolam 4 berisi FTWs dengan tanaman pisang-pisangan. Sampling air dilakukan pada hari ke 3, 10, 24, 35, dan 112. Parameter yang diukur adalah pH, suhu air, kekeruhan, konduktivitas, oksigen terlarut, ammonia, nitrat, dan TN. Tanaman melati air dapat menyisihkan ammonia sebesar 91,19%, nitrat sebesar 100% dan TN sebesar 77,04%. Sedangkan, tanaman pisang-pisangan dapat menyisihkan ammonia sebesar 90,30%, nitrat sebesar 100% dan TN sebesar 67,12%. Kedua jenis tanaman menunjukkan pertumbuhan yang baik, yang ditandai dengan tumbuhnya daun, batang, bunga, dan akar tanaman. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa kedua jenis tanaman tersebut memiliki kemampuan menyerap nutrien nitrogen secara efektif melalui sistem pengolahan FTWs.
Międzynarodowe projekty badawcze realizowane w Zakładzie Geografii Ekonomicznej UAM
Authors: Stryjakiewicz Tadeusz
Published: February 2021

Umiędzynarodowienie badań jest jednym z priorytetów działalności naukowej Zakładu Geografii Ekonomicznej (wcześniej Zakładu Polityki Regionalnej i Integracji Europejskiej) UAM od początku jego istnienia, tj. od 2002 r. Artykuł przedstawia udział Zakładu w kilku międzynarodowych projektach badawczych o akronimach ACRE, CIRES, RurAction, Re-City, FilmInd oraz efekty naukowe i praktyczne ich realizacji.
Harm. Responsibility. Awakening. Remembrance of the Krakow Ghetto and KL Plaszow
Authors: Kaszyński Hubert , Maciejewska Olga
Published: January 2021

The aim of the article is to present the issue of educational work carried out in a spirit of axiological education in the former Krakow ghetto and the former labor and concentration camp Plaszow in Kraków. The significance of the activities consists of the acquisition of knowledge about the difficult local history of the Holocaust and its heritage by confrontation with the ghetto and the former camp and relics of the past. The key area for dealing with the issues of harm, responsibility and awakening is social work, which in its axiological aspect largely focuses on reflection on the theory and practice relating to the complex issue of responsibility. These activities not only stimulate the historical awareness of totalitarianisms and the memory of them in the social and moral dimension, but also and most importantly they are a precondition for the mental health and moral development of a person, family, group, and social community.
Bariery integracji uczniów cudzoziemskich ze środowiskiem szkolnym
Authors: Baranowsk Aneta Sylwia
Published: January 2021

Every year, more and more immigrants come to Poland. They settle in our country together with their school-age children. One of the tasks that immigrants and their children face is integration into Polish society. In the case of foreign children, it usually takes the form of integration into the school environment as they have the most frequent contact with the Poles at school. Integration into the school environment involves the inclusion of immigrant students in the social life of the school and simultaneously opening up the entire school community to their presence. Unfortunately, culturally different children encounter many obstacles, which significantly impedes success. These obstacles relate primarily to the lack of knowledge of the Polish language, emotional problems and a negative attitude towards their peers and their parents as well as to the teaching staff.
The Quest for Authenticity and Self-discovery in Education with Special Attention Paid to Language Education
Authors: Rumianowska Agnieszka
Published: January 2021

The purpose of the article is to contribute to the discussion about the relevance of existential issues in contemporary education. The analyses presented in the paper are related to the problems of self-reflection, self-questioning and the process of spiritual and moral development of human beings. Firstly, the author begins by depicting the meaning of human existence in the light of philosophy. What is at issue here is a question of being oneself, recognizing personal truth and finding one’s own voice as opposed to being inauthentic or fleeing from oneself. Special attention is paid to the language as an essential, constitutive element of being. Secondly, the article attempts to consider some educational implications resulting from the deep ontological relationship between human beings and language. Describing them, the author indicates that ignoring vital questions in language education contributes to spiritual vacuity in the lives of young people and reduces educational thinking merely to instrumental, pragmatic problems concerned with qualification and transfer of communicative skills.
O degradacji pedagogiki i konieczności sięgania do źródeł. Na marginesie ostatniego seminarium – kolokwium toruńskie
Authors: Rudnicki Zbigniew , Futyma Sławomir
Published: January 2021

In 2019, one of the publishing houses published a book by Professor Aleksander Nalaskowski entitled: Kwieciński The Last Thursday Seminar. This publication is a record of a conversation between two important representatives of Polish science. It can become an inspiration for a change in Polish pedagogy. Professors Aleksander Nalaskowski and Zbigniew Kwieciński formulate a diagnosis of its current state and indicate new directions of development of this socially important scientific discipline. Interesting for the future functioning of this discipline seems to be the foundation of decency and quot; love and quot; understood as unconditional kindness, which is a constitutive feature of humanity.
Metody i narzędzia kształcenia zdalnego w polskich uczelniach w czasie pandemii COVID-19 – Część 2, Dyskusja 2020
Authors: Topol Paweł
Published: January 2021

The coronavirus disease forced a completely new situation in Polish education. All, or nearly all traditional forms of teaching and learning had to be transformed into remote and virtual ones. In the first half of this year (2020), an extensive discussion at the SEA Forum (the Academic E-learning Association) took place. Scientists and educators from various academic centers spoke about the methods and tools implemented in their institutions. Besides, another topic was launched on the SEA Forum simultaneously, devoted to possible recommendations regarding the planning and handling of e-learning methods, strategies and tools by Polish universities. This article is a certain synthesis of that discussion, i.e. how selected Polish universities, or rather their experts, perceive the next steps to make the distant teaching and learning process more successful and easier to handle by educators and students. The article is based on selected fragments and quotes of the debate. Many of them are commented on shortly by the author.
Interne Mitarbeiterkommunikation in Krisensituationen: Erfahrungen aus der Coronakrise
Authors: Keller Alice
Published: February 2021

Der Aufsatz bietet einen Überblick über Voraussetzungen, Gestaltungsparameter und Anforderungen der internen Mitarbeiterkommunikation in Krisensituationen. Die Autorin fasst einerseits Empfehlungen aus der Fachliteratur zusammen und bietet gleichzeitig einen Einblick in die Erfahrungen an der Universitätsbibliothek Basel während der COVID-19-Pandemie. Der Aufsatz zeigt, dass es kein „richtig“ oder „falsch“ gibt, sondern dass die interne Krisenkommunikation kongruent sein muss mit der Unternehmenskultur, um glaubwürdig und effektiv zu sein.
The Second Best City and its Laws in Plato’sStatesman
Authors: Sørensen Anders Dahl
Published: February 2021

Taking up the controversial issue of the value of the laws of non-ideal cities in Plato’sStatesman, the paper argues for a modified version of the traditional interpretation, as defended against Christopher Rowe’s influential criticism. The paper agrees with the traditional view that the established laws of non-ideal cities are assumed to be good laws and that the Eleatic Stranger’s justification for this assumption can be found in 300b. But it also argues that this defence of the traditional interpretation must be based on a revised understanding of the role of legislation in the Stranger’s conception of ideal rule. The unique contribution of the expert to good government consists in his distinctive ability to judge what is appropriate in each case, not in his work as legislator, which, on closer inspection, turns out to be based on the very same ancestral traditions that the second best city must resort to.
Thrombin generation in patients with COVID-19 with and without thromboprophylaxis
Authors: Campello Elena , Bulato Cristiana , Spiezia Luca , Boscolo Annalisa , Poletto Francesco , Cola Marco , Gavasso Sabrina , Simion Chiara , Radu Claudia Maria , Cattelan Annamaria , Tiberio Ivo , Vettor Roberto , Navalesi Paolo , Simioni Paolo
Published: February 2021

Objectives

Thrombin generation (TG) with and without thrombomodulin (TM) was evaluated in COVID-19 patients with different disease severity and thromboprophylaxis regimen, in order to understand the prothrombotic profile.

Methods

We enrolled consecutive patients with confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19 admitted to Medical Departments (MD) or Intensive Care Units (ICU), and 54 healthy controls.

Results

Eighty-nine patients were included (mean age 60.4±16.1 years, 68.5% male); 33.7% admitted to ICU. Twenty-four patients (26.9%) were enrolled before thromboprophylaxis administration; 45 patients (50.6%) received standard and 20 (22.5%) intermediate sub-therapeutic dose thromboprophylaxis. Overall, patients with COVID-19 showed a TG profile comparable to that of healthy subjects (i.e. comparable peak height, endogenous thrombin potential [ETP] with and without TM). The only exception was lag time and time to peak, prolonged in COVID-19 patients vs. controls. MD patients showed a similar TG profile to healthy controls, and ICU patients showed significantly decrease ETP (p=0.030) compared to MD. As for thromboprophylaxis, TG profile was significantly increased in COVID-19 patients without thromboprophylaxis vs. controls and vs. those with thromboprophylaxis. In this latter group, ETP inhibition was significantly decreased (p=0.0003) and positively correlated with anti-Xa activity (r=0.49, p=0.0017). However, patients with thromboprophylaxis had similar TG profile vs. controls. Intermediate dose thromboprophylaxis more effectively inhibited TG in severe COVID-19 patients by increasing ETP inhibition via ETP with TM reduction vs. standard dose.

Conclusions

COVID-19 patients showed increased TG at diagnosis. Standard thromboprophylaxis reduced TG to levels of healthy controls. Intermediate sub-therapeutic thromboprophylaxis more effectively inhibited TG by decreasing ETP with TM.
An evaluation of culture teaching and learning in a Uniwide Language Program: Teachers and students’ perspectives
Authors: Mohamed Salwa
Published: February 2021

It is generally accepted that culture is inseparable from language. However, the provision of culture in FL courses takes different forms. At Manchester Metropolitan University (MMU), minor route/30 credit language students in the Uniwide Language Programme are allocated 1 h for cultural studies (known as the project hour) in addition to a weekly 2 h language class. This study surveys teachers’ and students’ perceptions of the teaching of culture in MMU Uniwide language courses with the aim of discovering to what extent this promotes students’ intercultural competence (IC) based on Byram, Michael, Bella Gribkova & Hugh Starkey. 2002. Developing the intercultural dimension in language teaching: A practical introduction for teachers. Strasbourg: Council of Europe, model. Byram et al.’s model of IC involves three components: knowledge, skills and attitudes. Teachers and students’ questionnaires were used to collect their views about the project hour and were analyzed both qualitatively and quantitatively. The qualitative data, using thematic analysis showed that teachers and students’ perceptions of culture learning and teaching, in general, were in line with the recent literature on IC. However, the quantitative data did not prove that the project hour fully attends to the components of IC, even though the methods and activities used matched its requirements.
Désignation et représentation des éléments topographiques dans les dialectes de France: l’élévation de terrain
Authors: Giudice Philippe Del
Published: February 2021

The purpose of this article is to analyze the semantic patterns according to which rises of land are referred to in the Romance dialects of France. Using the motivational method, I examine the etymology and the semantic field of more than 80 lexical types (found in dialect atlases) and their corresponding word families, going from pre-Latin to current language. If we look at their original meanings, it appears that the words that bear the sense ‘rise of land’ first referred to the shape or the rocky/bushy/earthy nature of hills and mountains, when they did not simply represent these as borders, heaps, projections or even as blows, as bumps.

The main result of my research lies in the observation of semantic determinism. Any word that is related at one point of its history to the concept of ‘mountain’ is prone to develop (or to have developed) many – if not all – of the meanings listed above. This points out the highly probable existence of semantic laws that bind together sets of correlated notions. Using my results, I attempt to describe the global organization of meaning and its cyclical nature.
Grundzüge der sizilianischen Prosodie
Authors: Rodriquez Francesco , Roseano Paolo , Elvira-García Wendy
Published: February 2021

This article is concerned with basic intonational features of Sicilian, a Romance variety spoken in Sicily in Southern Italy. While there has been some research on the intonational features of the regional variety of Italian, Sicilian intonation remains undescribed. The first part of the article provides a historic overview of the dialectal configuration of Sicilian and the Sicilian-Italian diglossia. In the subsequent section we perform an intonational analysis on a Sicilian corpus containing acoustic data of 432 utterances (216 broad focus statements and 216 information-seeking yes-no questions). Once the basic intonational features of Sicilian are described and analyzed we use the informatic tool ProDis (Elvira-García et al. 2018) for a quantitative cluster analysis in order to define geoprosodic groups within Siciliy. Finally, we carry out another cluster analysis with the aim of modelling prosodic distances between Romance varieties spoken in different areas in Italy.
A graphical method for breaking logical loops based on multi-tree structure
Authors: Yang A. , Miao H. , Li N.
Published: February 2021

Logical loops or circular logics, interpreted as circular supporting relations among systems, remain a longstanding challenge in the probabilistic safety assessment (PSA). Logical loops are commonly found in complex industrial systems. Due to the existence of the logical loops, the minimal cut sets cannot be directly obtained. In order to solve this problem, the logical loops should be broken properly. This paper proposes a graphical method based on multi-tree structure. By constructing the simplified multi-tree, logical loops both in linearly and non-linearly interrelated systems are solved. To illustrate this method, examples of linearly interrelated systems and non-linearly interrelated systems are given in this paper. As a supplement, this method is applied to the well-known complex logical loops in the nuclear power plant. It shows that this method is highly intuitive and efficient by means of graphs.
Comparison of single and double autologous stem cell transplantation in multiple myeloma patients
Authors: Malkan Umit Yavuz , Demiroglu Haluk , Buyukasik Yahya , Karatas Ayse , Aladag Elifcan , Goker Hakan
Published: February 2021

Background

Autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) is one of the standard treatments of choice for eligible multiple myeloma (MM) patients. Herein, we aimed to analyze MM patients at our center and compare the clinical outcomes of single and double ASCT patients.

Materials and methods

Patients who were diagnosed as having MM and had undergone single or double ASCT in our clinic between the years 2003 and 2020 were retrospectively examined.

Results

In this study, the median time of second ASCT is approximately 3.6 years from the first ASCT. Overall survival (OS) duration of the single and double transplanted groups was 4,011 ± 266 vs 3,526 ± 326 days, respectively (p: 0.33). Progression-free survival (PFS) duration of the single and double transplanted groups was 2,344 ± 228 vs 685 ± 120 days, respectively (p: 0.22). Disease assessment after ASCT stable or progressive disease, partial remission, and very good partial or complete remission (CR) in single and double ASCT groups was 62/44/105 and 8/4/5, respectively (p: 0.22).

Conclusion

The present study points out that the second ASCT treatment option for MM patients may not be effective as suggested, especially in the era of novel MM drugs, since our results come from the past data that novel drugs were not exist. In conclusion, we found no benefit with second ASCT in MM patients in terms of PFS and OS or CR rates, and the novel anti-myeloma drugs might decrease the need for a second transplant.
Outer and inner approximations in quantum spaces
Authors: Khare Mona , Pandey Pratibha
Published: February 2021

The present paper introduces and studies the concepts ofK-outer approximation andK-inner approximation for a monotone functionμdefined on aD-posetP, by a subfamilyKofP. Some desirable properties ofK-approximable functions are established and it is shown that the family of all elements ofPthat possessK-approximation, forms a lattice and is closed under orthosupplementation. We have proved that a submodular measure on a suitable subfamily ofPhavingK-outer approximation can be extended to a function that hasK-outer approximation, and a tight function that hasK-inner approximation can be extended to a function havingK-inner approximation.
Fatigue life performance of multi-material connections hybrid joined by self-piercing rivets and adhesive
Authors: Presse Jan , Michler Thorsten , Künkler Boris
Published: February 2021

The multi-material design presented contains EN AW-6016 aluminum and high strength CR330Y590T-DP steel. This dissimilar combination is an example of an affordable lightweight design solution, but it requires an adapted joining technology. Hybrid joining technologies such as selfpiercing riveting (SPR) in combination with a structural adhesive enables an assembly of such dissimilar material combinations. In addition to higher manufacturing costs for mechanical joining the design process still requires a great amount of effort. This study provides a simple approach for assessing hybrid joined multi-material connections. Therefore, tests for several combinations of the most relevant parameters on fatigue life (material properties, sheet thickness, load cases) were performed under quasi-static and cyclic loads. Based on the data acquired, it is shown that the fatigue life of hybrid joined connections can be estimated by superposing the contributing fatigue life of purely SPR and purely adhesive joints.
Effects of thread rolling processing parameters on mechanical properties and microstructures of high-strength bolts
Authors: Aktas Serkan , Kisioglu Yasin
Published: February 2021

Bolt production with a grade of 10.9 class quality made from AISI4140 material with a low thread rolling index is usually implemented in accordance with the thread rolling method (cold forming) in industrial applications. In this method, the effects of die revolutions and multiple passes are unknown in the thread forming process as the devices are usually operated with respect to geometrical dimensions but not the mechanical properties and microstructures of the material. In the literature there are few studies on microstructures of low-carbon steel having a higher thread rolling index in bolt production. This study experimentally examined the effects of the processing parameters on the mechanical properties and microstructures. Parameters such as forming speed and single or multi-pass influences were considered in the production of M12 × 1.75 and M20 × 2.5 fasteners widely used in industrial applications. The experiments identified the behavior of the mechanical properties, microstructures and micro-hardness of the AISI4140 material at two forming speeds (rpm) and three passes in the thread rolling process. Thus, significantly sensible outcomes as a function of processing parameters were obtained considering the thread strength viewpoints.
Crystal structure of catena-poly[aquabis(3-nitrobenzoato-κ2
O:O′)-(μ
2-pyrazine-N: N′)cadmium(II)], C18H14N4O9Cd
Authors: Chang Si-Yuan , Li Bing-Feng
Published: February 2021

C18H14N4O9Cd, monoclinic, C2/c (no. 15), a = 22.390(4) Å, b = 6.2758(13) Å, c = 14.962(3) Å, β = 104.15(3)°, V = 7700.2(10) Å3, Z = 4, R

gt
(F) = 0.0238, wR

ref
(F
2) = 0.0539, T = 293 K.
Crystal structure of methyl 4-acetoxy-3,5-dimethoxybenzoate, C12H14O6
Authors: Xiong Chun-Lan , Lan Ying-Dong , Song Xiu-Ying , Xiong Wan-Ming , Nie Xu-Liang
Published: February 2021

C12H14O6, orthorhombic, Pbca (no. 61), a = 18.0207(13) Å, b = 7.6885(5) Å, c = 18.2326(13) Å, V = 2526.2(3) Å3, Z = 8, Rgt
(F) = 0.0411, wRref
(F
2) = 0.1214, T = 296(2) K.
Crystal structure of methyl (E)-3-(4-(2-ethoxy-2-oxoethoxy)phenyl) acrylate, C14H16O5
Authors: Chun-Mei Guo , Lu-Yao Yi , Lei Pan , Yuan You , Xu-Liang Nie
Published: February 2021

C14H16O5, triclinic, P

1
‾

$‾{1}$

(no. 2), a = 8.5293(8) Å, b = 11.5626(11) Å, c = 14.2196(13) Å, α = 88.888(10)°, β = 74.988(10)°, γ = 87.556(10)°, V = 1353.2(2) Å3, Z = 4, R

gt
(F) = 0.0430, wR

ref
(F
2) = 0.1202, T = 296(2) K.
Crystal structure of 3,3′-(1,2-phenylene-bis(methylene))bis(1-ethyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium) bis(hexafluorophosphate), C18H24F12N4P2
Authors: Zhao Wen , Liu Xin-Ting , Wu Su-Qin , Xiong Wan-Ming , Nie Xu-Liang
Published: February 2021

C18H24F12N4P2, monoclinic, P21/n (no. 14), a = 8.3185(9) Å, b = 21.883(2) Å, c = 13.4345(15) Å, β = 103.4730(10)°, V = 2378.3(5) Å3, Z = 4, Rgt
(F) = 0.0531, wRref
(F
2) = 0.1424, T = 296(2) K.
Do Spanish causal connectives vary in subjectivity? What crowdsourcing data reveal about native speakers’ preferences
Authors: Santana Andrea , Spooren Wilbert , Nieuwenhuijsen Dorien , Sanders Ted J.M.
Published: February 2021

Language users have preferences for the connectives they choose to express causal relations. These choices may depend on the subjectivity involved in the relation. Dutch connectives illustrate this situation clearly:want(‘since/for’) is preferred typically for expressing subjective relations andomdat(‘because’) for objective ones. While various corpus-based studies have revealed a similar pattern in other languages, little attention has been paid to Spanish from this perspective. Recent corpus-based studies analyzed the connectivesporque(‘because’),ya que(‘since’) andpuesto que(‘given that’) using two different methods of analysis. Surprisingly, the findings did not coincide with the previous literature on Spanish connectives, and the semantic profile of such connectives in terms of subjectivity remained unclear. The current study again aims to investigate whether these connectives show systematic variation in terms of subjectivity, using crowdsourcing experimentation. Results show that Spanish native speakers preferpuesto queoverporqueto express subjective relations. However, no statistically significant difference was observed betweenporqueandya que. This study offers a better understanding of Spanish connectives in terms of subjectivity. Furthermore, it contributes to the assessment of the use of crowdsourcing as a useful and reliable method to elucidate the meaning and use of connectives.
A notable key for estimating the severity of COVID-19: 25-hydroxyvitamin D status
Authors: Ergin Tuncay Merve , Gemcioglu Emin , Kayaaslan Bircan , Ates Ihsan , Guner Rahmet , Eser Fatma , Hasanoglu Imran , Kaya Kalem Ayse , Aypak Adalet , Agac Zubeyr Said , Gokbulut Bektas Serife , Mungan Ibrahim , Akdag Ahmet Gokhan , Izdes Seval , Neselioglu Salim , Erel Ozcan
Published: February 2021

Background

Vitamin D is recognized to be an immune regulator. Also, it is known to have antiviral effects by several mechanisms, including reducing inflammatory cytokines.

Objectives

To examine the 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) status for assessing the severity of COVID-19.

Methods

This study consisted of 596 patients confirmed as SARS-CoV-2 infection and 59 healthy individuals. The cases separated into non-severe group, severe survival, and severe non-survival group. 25(OH)D and other laboratory parameters were evaluated retrospectively.

Results

In all COVID-19 groups 25(OH)D levels were low compared to controls (p<0.05). 25(OH)D concentrations were lowest in patients in severe non-survival groups than those in other SARS-CoV-2 infection groups (p<0.05). Multivariate regression analysis exhibited that decreasing 25(OH)D was associated with an increased likelihood of non-severe, severe survival and severe non-survival disease. There were significant associations between 25(OH)D and certain inflammatory and hemostatic parameters (p<0.05, for all).

Conclusions

25(OH)D deficiency was observed among patients with COVID-19. Declined steadily 25(OH)D levels make a huge contribution to the scale of the progression of the disease. Correlations support that 25(OH)D may be a substantial tool for utilizing the severity of the disease and estimating the survival. Also, supplementation of 25(OH)D might slow down the course of the COVID-19.
Studies of local structures for Cu2+ centers in M2Zn(SO4)2·6H2O (M = NH4 and Rb) crystals
Authors: Chen Fu , Yang Jian-Rong , Zhou Zi-Fa
Published: February 2021

The electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) parameters (g factor g

i
, and hyperfine structure constants A

i
, with i = x, y, z) and local structures for Cu2+ centers in M2Zn(SO4)2·6H2O (M = NH4 and Rb) are theoretically investigated using the high order perturbation formulas of these EPR parameters for a 3d
9 ion under orthorhombically elongated octahedra. In the calculations, contribution to these EPR parameters due to the admixture of d-orbitals in the ground state wave function of the Cu2+ ion are taken into account based on the cluster approach, and the required crystal-field parameters are estimated from the superposition model which enables correlation of the crystal-field parameters and hence the studied EPR parameters with the local structures of the Cu2+ centers. Based on the calculations, the Cu–H2O bonds are found to suffer the axial elongation ratio δ of about 3 and 2.9% along the z-axis, meanwhile, the planar bond lengths may experience variation ratio τ (≈3.8 and 1%) along x- and y-axis for Cu2+ center in (NH4)2Zn(SO4)2·6H2O and Rb2Zn(SO4)2·6H2O, respectively. The theoretical results show good agreement with the observed values.
Importancia de la infraestructura documental para la práctica profesional de la Historia
Authors: Curiel Defossé Guadalupe
Published: January 2021

Artículo de la sección Escritorio
Leona Vicario, personaje femenino de ficción histórica y literaria
Authors: Alba Villalobos Ana María
Published: January 2021

Artículo sección Escritorio
El “adversario desleal a España”: el debate de Francisco Bulnes y Carlos de Olaguíbel sobre la segunda guerra de independencia de Cuba
Authors: Jiménez Marce Rogelio
Published: January 2021

Artículo sección Escritorio
Avándaro y las juventudes en México: miradas múltiples en torno a un festival
Authors: Escalante Monroy Katia
Published: January 2021

En el presente artículo se muestran diferentes interpretaciones sobre lo ocurrido en el Festival de Rock y Ruedas que tuvo lugar en el Estado de México en septiembre de 1971, mejor conocido como el Festival de Avándaro. Contrastamos específicamente la imagen que se construyó en la prensa, con el balance realizado por observadores que fueron enviados por el gobierno. El objetivo es detectar las representaciones de la juventud que se desprenden de estos documentos, valorar los juicios y prejuicios que contienen, establecer los argumentos que fueron utilizados para hablar del evento, y entender los intereses subyacentes a estas dos interpretaciones.
Sebastián Rivera Mir, Militantes de la izquierda latinoamericana en México 1920-1934. Prácticas políticas, redes y conspiraciones, México: El Colegio de México /Secretaría de Relaciones Exteriores, 2018, 488 pp.
Authors: Baltazar Mozqueda Gerardo
Published: January 2021

Reseña a: Sebastián Rivera Mir, Militantes de la izquierda latinoamericana en México 1920-1934. Prácticas políticas, redes y conspiraciones, México: El Colegio de México / Secretaría de Relaciones Exteriores, 2018, 488 pp.
La readaptación urbana de Guanajuato a finales del siglo XIX y los inicios del XX: grandes intervenciones, economía, tecnología y formas de financiamiento
Authors: Martínez Delgado Gerardo
Published: January 2021

En este artículo se estudia un conjunto amplio de obras realizadas en la ciudad de Guanajuato en los años finales del siglo XIX y los primeros del XX, haciendo un seguimiento detallado de dos de las más importantes por su costo e impacto en la readaptación urbana, a saber, los trabajos encaminados a la instalación de una estación de ferrocarril “dentro” de la ciudad, y la perforación de un túnel de poco más de un kilómetro de longitud para desaguar los excedentes de las lluvias y salvar a la población de las recurrentes inundaciones sufridas a lo largo de toda su historia. El texto pretende identificar el punto de quiebre en la escala de las intervenciones urbanas, subrayando el proyecto económico que había detrás de ellas, la necesidad de implementarlas para dar seguridad a las inversiones en la minería, y también se pregunta por las complejidades técnicas que impusieron las obras, por la capacidad empresarial de que se disponía, y por la forma en que se financiaron. Al hacerlo, se pone de relieve la necesidad de estudiar el impacto en el espacio urbano provocado por cambios y proyectos económicos.