bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effects of carbohydrate and caffeine combination mouth rinse on anaerobic performance of highly trained male athletes
Authors: Karuk H. Nilay , Rudarli Nalcakan Gulbin , Pekünlü Ekim
Published: March 2021

The ergogenic effects of carbohydrate (CHO) and caffeine (CAF) mouth rinse (MR) methods on anaerobic performance remains unclear. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of CHO, CAF, and CHO + CAF combination solutions in mouth on repeated vertical jumping (RVJ) performance in highly trained male athletes. Eight male athletes (mean age: 22 years) underwent test sessions four times with minimum 24‐h intervals under fasting conditions. Participants rinsed their mouths with four different 25‐ml solutions, namely, CHO (6.4% maltodextrin = 1.6 g), CAF (1.2% caffeine = 300 mg), placebo (PLA, saccharin), or CHO + CAF (6.4%+1.2%) combination, for 10 s and performed a 30‐s RVJ test twice with a 5‐min interval. Peak power output, vertical jump height, blood lactate level, fatigue index, and rate of perceived exertion of the RVJ tests for different intervention sessions were compared. The statistical significance level was set at p ≤ 0.05. Analyses demonstrated that CHO‐ (Δ: 3.4), CAF‐ (Δ: −0.8), and CHO + CAF‐MR (Δ: −1.8) interventions led to similar RVJ performance changes compared to PLA. All differences in the dependent variables were statistically insignificant and had moderate and lower effect sizes between interventions (p > 0.05, g < 0.94). Our study did not elicit sufficient evidence to recommend highly trained male athletes the use of CHO‐ and CAF‐MR separately or in combination to enhance jump performance. However, the fact that some differences have medium to large effect sizes suggests that the issue is still worth to be a potential topic for further research.

Highlights

Effects of CHO + CAF‐MR on anaerobic performance in highly trained athletes have not been investigated using performance tasks requiring high technical skills.

There is not enough evidence to suggest that CHO, CAF and CHO + CAF‐MR interventions have beneficial effects on RVJ performance compared to PLA in highly trained male athletes.

Some statistically insignificant differences have medium to large effect sizes. Therefore, the issue is still worth to be a potential topic for further research.
Advanced Monte Carlo simulations of emission tomography imaging systems with GATE
Authors: Sarrut David , Bała Mateusz , Bardiès Manuel , Bert Julien , Chauvin Maxime , Chatzipapas Konstantinos , Dupont Mathieu , Etxebeste Ane , M Fanchon Louise , Jan Sébastien , Kayal Gunjan , S Kirov Assen , Kowalski Paweł , Krzemien Wojciech , Labour Joey , Lenz Mirjam , Loudos George , Mehadji Brahim , Ménard Laurent , Morel Christian , Papadimitroulas Panagiotis , Rafecas Magdalena , Salvadori Julien , Seiter Daniel , Stockhoff Mariele , Testa Etienne , Trigila Carlotta , Pietrzyk Uwe , Vandenberghe Stefaan , Verdier Marc-Antoine , Visvikis Dimitris , Ziemons Karl , Zvolský Milan , Roncali Emilie
Published: March 2021

Built on top of the Geant4 toolkit, GATE is collaboratively developed for more than 15 years to design Monte Carlo simulations of nuclear-based imaging systems. It is, in particular, used by researchers and industrials to design, optimize, understand and create innovative emission tomography systems. In this paper, we reviewed the recent developments that have been proposed to simulate modern detectors and provide a comprehensive report on imaging systems that have been simulated and evaluated in GATE. Additionally, some methodological developments that are not specific for imaging but that can improve detector modeling and provide computation time gains, such as Variance Reduction Techniques and Artificial Intelligence integration, are described and discussed.
Towards automated ultrasound imaging—robotic image acquisition in liver and prostate for long-term motion monitoring
Authors: Ipsen Svenja , Wulff Daniel , Kuhlemann Ivo , Schweikard Achim , Ernst Floris
Published: March 2021

Real-time volumetric (4D) ultrasound has shown high potential for diagnostic and therapy guidance tasks. One of the main drawbacks of ultrasound imaging to date is the reliance on manual probe positioning and the resulting user dependence. Robotic assistance could help overcome this issue and facilitate the acquisition of long-term image data to observe dynamic processes in vivo over time. The aim of this study is to assess the feasibility of robotic probe manipulation and organ motion quantification during extended imaging sessions. The system consists of a collaborative robot and a 4D ultrasound system providing real-time data access. Five healthy volunteers received liver and prostate scans during free breathing over 30 min. Initial probe placement was performed with real-time remote control with a predefined contact force of 10 N. During scan acquisition, the probe position was continuously adjusted to the body surface motion using impedance control. Ultrasound volumes, the pose of the end-effector and the estimated contact forces were recorded. For motion analysis, one anatomical landmark was manually annotated in a subset of ultrasound frames for each experiment. Probe contact was uninterrupted over the entire scan duration in all ten sessions. Organ drift and imaging artefacts were successfully compensated using remote control. The median contact force along the probe’s longitudinal axis was 10.0 N with maximum values of 13.2 and 21.3 N for liver and prostate, respectively. Forces exceeding 11 N only occurred in 0.3% of the time. Probe and landmark motion were more pronounced in the liver, with median interquartile ranges of 1.5 and 9.6 mm, compared to 0.6 and 2.7 mm in the prostate. The results show that robotic ultrasound imaging with dynamic force control can be used for stable, long-term imaging of anatomical regions affected by motion. The system facilitates the acquisition of 4D image data in vivo over extended scanning periods for the first time and holds the potential to be used for motion monitoring for therapy guidance as well as diagnostic tasks.
Some optical soliton solutions of space-time conformable fractional Schrödinger-type models
Authors: Darvishi Mohammad Taghi , Najafi Mohammad , Wazwaz Abdul-Majid
Published: March 2021

In this article, we introduce a family of nonlinear (1+1) dimensions Schrödinger-type models with space-time fractional evolution in the sense of a conformable fractional derivative. We apply the modified Kudryashov method in context of fractional complex transformation and seek a variety of optical soliton solutions for these equations. The modified Kudryashov method is efficient and consistent for solving nonlinear space-time fractional differential equations.
Canonical description of cosmological backreaction
Authors: Bojowald Martin , Ding Ding
Published: March 2021

Canonical methods of quasiclassical dynamics make it possible to go
beyond a strict background approximation for cosmological perturbations by
including independent fields such as correlation degrees of freedom. New
models are introduced and analyzed here for cosmological dynamics in the
presence of quantum correlations between background and perturbations, as
well as cross-correlations between different modes of a quantum
field. Evolution equations for moments of a perturbation state reveal
conditions required for inhomogeneity to build up out of an initial
vacuum. A crucial role is played by quantum non-locality, formulated by
canonical methods as an equivalent local theory with non-classical degrees
of freedom given by moments of a quantum state.
Velocity-dependent interacting dark energy and dark matter with a Lagrangian description of perfect fluids
Authors: Beltrán Jiménez Jose , Bettoni Dario , Figueruelo David , Teppa Pannia Florencia A. , Tsujikawa Shinji
Published: March 2021

We consider a cosmological scenario where the dark sector is
described by two perfect fluids that interact through a
velocity-dependent coupling. This coupling gives rise to an
interaction in the dark sector driven by the relative velocity of
the components, thus making the background evolution oblivious to
the interaction and only the perturbed Euler equations are affected
at first order. We obtain the equations governing this system with
the Schutz-Sorkin Lagrangian formulation for perfect fluids and
derive the corresponding stability conditions to avoid ghosts and
Laplacian instabilities. As a particular example, we study a model
where dark energy behaves as a radiation fluid at high redshift
while it effectively becomes a cosmological constant in the late
Universe. Within this scenario, we show that the interaction of
both dark components leads to a suppression of the dark matter
clustering at late times. We also argue the possibility that this
suppression of clustering together with the additional dark
radiation at early times can simultaneously alleviate the σ8
and H0 tensions.
Channel-hopping during surface electrical neurostimulation elicits selective, comfortable, distally referred sensations
Authors: Pena A E , Abbas J J , Jung R
Published: March 2021

Objective. Lack of sensation from a hand or prosthesis can result in substantial functional deficits. Surface electrical stimulation of the peripheral nerves is a promising non-invasive approach to restore lost sensory function. However, the utility of standard surface stimulation methods has been hampered by localized discomfort caused by unintended activation of afferents near the electrodes and limited ability to specifically target underlying neural tissue. The objectives of this work were to develop and evaluate a novel channel-hopping interleaved pulse scheduling (CHIPS) strategy for surface stimulation that is designed to activate deep nerves while reducing activation of fibers near the electrodes. Approach. The median nerve of able-bodied subjects was activated by up to two surface stimulating electrode pairs placed around their right wrist. Subjects received biphasic current pulses either from one electrode pair at a time (single-channel), or interleaved between two electrode pairs (multi-channel). Percept thresholds were characterized for five pulse durations under each approach, and psychophysical questionnaires were used to interrogate the perceived modality, quality and location of evoked sensations. Main results. Stimulation with CHIPS elicited enhanced tactile percepts that were distally referred, while avoiding the distracting sensations and discomfort associated with localized charge densities. These effects were reduced after introduction of large delays between interleaved pulses. Significance. These findings demonstrate that our pulse scheduling strategy can selectively elicit referred sensations that are comfortable, thus overcoming the primary limitations of standard surface stimulation methods. Implementation of this strategy with an array of spatially distributed electrodes may allow for rapid and effective stimulation fitting. The ability to elicit comfortable and referred tactile percepts may enable the use of this neurostimulation strategy to provide meaningful and intuitive feedback from a prosthesis, enhance tactile feedback after sensory loss secondary to nerve damage, and deliver non-invasive stimulation therapies to treat various pain conditions.
Mixed method of printed circuit board photoelectric image edge information extraction
Authors: Qiao Naosheng , Sun Ping
Published: March 2021

Due to the noise and fuzziness of printed circuit board (PCB) photoelectric image, a mixed method of image edge information extraction is proposed, which is based on median filter, improved maximum distance between categories (IMDBC) and improved Canny edge detection operator (ICEDO). Firstly, the basic principle and advantages of the maximum distance between categories (MDBC) for image segmentation are analyzed, then the improved MDBC is proposed. Secondly, the ICEDO is discussed, and the basic principle is analyzed. Then, the implementation steps of the image edge information extraction based on mixed method are discussed. The experiments using such noisy and fuzzy images acquired by charge coupled device (CCD) imaging system and microscope are actualized. The experiment results by using the mixed method have lesser noise points, and the image excellent quality coefficients are the highest in the experiment. The excellent quality coefficients are 0.8346 and 0.7981 respectively in two image edge information extraction experiments. Both of the subjective and objective experiment contrasts results verify that the edge information of image can be extracted better by using this method.
Manufacturing of suitcase electropneumatic trainer kit
Authors: Efendi A , Abadi A H
Published: March 2021

This research is a type of development. The manufacturing process of electropneumatic trainer kit starts from reading the image design, identification of tools and materials, preparation of materials is a series of measurement and cutting process, frame assembly which is then carried out fundamental testing and the assembly of electro pneumatic components on framework that has been made and tested the system electro pneumatic and finish with finishing as the final process. The results showed that the electroppneumatic trainer kit made weighed 15 kg with dimensions 500 mm x 800 mm x 100 mm. electric current used is 220 AC current volts, barometric pressure 6-9 bar. Constraints encountered during the tool manufacturing process Electropneumatic trainer kit tend to be lacking in skills as well as lacking the precision of the components used.
Bioactive compound content and antioxidant activities of analog rice enriched with the germinated of white corn (zea mays) and the germinated of mung bean (vigna radiata)
Authors: Nugraheni M , Purwanti S , Ekawatiningsih P
Published: March 2021

The research aimed to know bio-active compounds’ content and antioxidant activity of rice analog based on germinated white corn (Zea mays), germinated mung bean (Vigna radiata) and white sweet potatoes. There were several stages: first, the formulation of analog rice—the second analyzes of total phenol and flavonoids content. The third is the analysis of antioxidant activity done by DPPH, FTC, and TBA methods. Results showed that formulation I TPC levels are 385.00 ± 0.04 (mgGAE/100g), TFC 267.60 ± 0.42 (mgQCE/100g). Formulation II TPC levels are 379.20 ± 0.85 (mgGAE/100g), TFC 235.40 ± 0.92 (mgQCE/100g). Formulation III TPC levels are 346.50 ± 0.85 (mgGAE/100g), TFC 227.00 ± 0.42 (mgQCE/100g). Antioxidant activity formulation I with DPPH method: 67.71 ± 0.20%; The percentage inhibitory with the FTC 69.10 ± 1.01%, TBA 65.28 ± 0.28%. Antioxidant activity formulation II with DPPH method: 66.57 ± 0.20%; The percentage inhibitory with the FTC 60.63 ± 0.81%, TBA method 64.42 ± 0.58%. Antioxidant activity formulation III with DPPH method: 63.57 ± 0.20%; The percentage inhibitory with the FTC 45.41 ± 0.30%, TBA 63.21 ± 0.58%. There is a significant and positive correlation between bioactive compounds with three methods of antioxidant activity used.
Fuzzy logic based on image processing to control a dc motor
Authors: Khairudin M , Yusuf D M , Yatmono S , Azman M N A , Asmara A
Published: March 2021

Image Processing was a form of processing of input data signals in the form of images. This input image was transformed into another image with certain techniques. The techniques used in image processing were intensity adjustment, histogram equalization, thresholding, motion blur, canny and median filtering. Image processing could be used to do tracking. This tracking was a job to follow the movement of the object caught on the camera. Tracking using image processing could be utilized in various fields. In this study, the DC motor control system was discussed by utilizing image processing to detect hexagon shaped objects. In addition to detecting the shape that was detected, this image processing was also to detect color. The color of the detected object was orange. This motor speed followed the object’s motion horizontally. So, if the object was shifted to the right, the system will rotate slowly, whereas if it was moved to the left, the system will rotate quickly. This motor control used a PG45 motor, webcam, and personal computer. The success of reading the location of the area and providing PWM output on the motor achieved almost match between simulation and experiment.
The effectiveness of implementing ANEKA-THK-based countenance evaluation application at IT vocational schools in Bali
Authors: Divayana D G H , Adiarta A , Ariawan I P W
Published: March 2021

Successful implementation of an application on a large scale depends on the effectiveness of the operational test results on the application. The main objective of this research was to demonstrate the effectiveness of the implementation of the ANEKA-THK (ANEKA-Tri Hita Karana)-based Countenance evaluation application at IT Vocational Schools in Bali. This research was development research with the development model was the Borg & Gall that focuses on the operational test phase to obtain the effectiveness level of implementing the evaluation application. A total of 114 people were included as respondents in this research. Questionnaires were used as tools for assessment in the operational test by respondents. The analysis technique was used in this research was quantitative descriptive, so that the results were obtained in the form of an effectiveness percentage of the implementation of ANEKA-THK-based Countenance evaluation application was 88.67% from usage test results by experts and 89.93% by teachers and students.
Absorption level vocational high school graduates in industrial
Authors: Hidayatuloh M K Y , Muslim S
Published: March 2021

This study aims to analyze the absorption of vocational students’ graduates on the fulfillment of the workforce in their area based on the suitability of their competencies. This study uses a quantitative approach in describing the level of absorption of graduates in the world of work with documentation that has been carried out at vocational high school in Jombang Districts. The subjects used in this study were data from all students of vocational high school in Jombang Districts at the field of technology and engineering expertise for three periods (2018, 2017, 2016). The findings of this study are the absorption of graduates in vocational high school in Jombang Districts is quite high because it is included in the category of most of the graduates can be absorbed by industry with the greatest absorption rate of ME expertise programs in the amount of 94.97% and the lowest absorption rate of BDE expertise programs at 65, 20%. However, the absorption of industry graduates outside Jombang Districts.
Development and validation of video-based learning media to increase competency achievement in civil engineering education
Authors: Daryono R W , Rochmadi S , Hidayat N
Published: March 2021

The purpose of this research is to develop and know the performance of video animation-based learning videos for measuring pegs from road curves, in the Geomatics Practice subject for civil engineering education students, and to find out the level of feasibility of instructional videos developed in the application of vocational practice learning processes. This type of research is research and development (R&D) that uses the 4D model. Data collection uses interviews aimed at lecturers who teach in vocational practices and questionnaires to assess eligibility in the context of media and materials, which aimed at media experts, material experts, and students who are analysed using quantitative data. The results of the feasibility of developing video animation on material expert perceptions obtained a value of 82.121% which is included in the very feasible category, the perception of media experts obtaining a media value of 93.444% included in the very feasible category, students’ perceptions get a value of 88,136 which is included in the very feasible category.
Analysis of variable valve timing intelligent mechanism of gasoline performance
Authors: Abadi A H , Suhartono R , Efendi A , Pratama R Anugrah
Published: March 2021

This study aims to determine the operational performance of the engine with the mechanism of the variable valve timing intelligent, testing the performance of the engine on the parameters of thermal efficiency, power, fuel consumption, and exhaust gas results. All tests weres conducted using the dynotest, and the fuel consumption was measured using the flowmeter technogerma. The data obtained will then be processed and the calculation of the performance of thermal and power efficiency using the calculation method using the Otto constant volume cycle. The results of testing the engine’s operational performance with the mechanism of variable valve timing intelligent are expected to get the results of the thermal volume constant indicator of 0.50-0.70, the value of the generated power of 69kW at 6000 rpm, torque of 122 at 4200 rpm, and the results of material consumption specific fuel below 270 g/kW.h or around 0.200-0.220 kg/PS. Hours.
The influence of industrial work practices and workshop infrastructure facilities on work readiness of students
Authors: Setyadi M R A , Triyono M B , Daryono R W
Published: March 2021

This study aims to determine the influence of industrial work practice and workshop facilities on work readiness in class XI mechanical engineering. The research subjects were 101 students of class XI mechanical engineering, using the ex post facto research method using statistical analysis using the SPSS program. The results of the study are as follows: (1) Industrial work practices have a positive effect on job readiness with a significance of 0.000, a determination coefficient of 30% has an effect; (2) Workshop infrastructure has a positive influence on work readiness with a significance value of 0.000, 28.6% determination efficiency has an effect; (3) Industrial work practices and infrastructure together have an influence on job readiness indicated by a significance value of 0.000 having a coefficient of determination 58,6% in influencing job readiness.
Transesterification of jatropha curcas oil for biodiesel production Over NiO catalyst
Authors: Mirzayanti Y W , Asri N P , Marlinda L , Muttaqii M A l
Published: March 2021

The research paper deals with Jatropha curcas oil’s transesterification process using the NiO catalyst as a heterogeneous catalyst to produce Biodiesel. The batch reactor in this process. Excess methanol is needed to shift the equilibrium towards the product and enlarge Biodiesel. The research study about the effect mole ratio of methanol: Jatropha curcas oil. The ratios are 12:1, 15:1, 18:1, and temperature of the reaction of 60, 65, 70°C. Experiment verification of the predicted yield and characterization of Biodiesel produced. The analysis biodiesel product by Chemical characterization using Gas Chromatography (G-C) analysis and ASTM 6751 standard used for the physicochemical properties. The maximum process conditions for the biodiesel yield by transesterification of Jatropha curcas oil over NiO catalyst 59.8% and the mole ratio of 15:1 methanol: Jatropha curcas oil. The 65°C reaction temperature used in this process enhances the transesterification reaction by observing 5 hours with a high yield of Biodiesel.
The influence of Overall Thermal Transfer Value (OTTV) on building energy consumption
Authors: Muhfizaturrahmah  , Yuniarti N , Sukisno T , Urdifat Y
Published: March 2021

Air Conditioning (AC) system is one form of energy consumption which heavily loads the total energy usage in a building. It is essential to find relation between power used by AC to design factor of a building. Numerous countries have been using Overall Thermal Transfer Value (OTTV) as consideration in designing energy efficient buildings. Indonesia even regulated it on SNI 03-6389 2011 on energy conservation of building envelopes. In this paper, we will discuss how OTTV derived from façade measurements and find its correlation to power of those air conditioners consumed.
The effect of additional silicone and handling temperature on draw strength and microstructure in aluminum casting
Authors: Suheni  , Syamsuri  , Suryanto M B , Lillahulhaq Z
Published: March 2021

Aluminum-silicon castings (Al-Si) is commonly used for excellent low-cost cast ability and varied microconstituents. The mechanical properties of Al-Si alloys are related to the size, morphology, and distribution of the primary and eutectic Si phases. The irregular-shaped primary and the acicular eutectic Si phase induce stress concentration at the tip of secondary phases, which occurs at the crack origin. This condition results in deterioration of ductility. This study discuss on the effect of composition percentage and pouring temperature of Al-Si alloy at various content of 7%, 12% and 15%. The pouring temperature will be varied at 570 ° C, 600 ° C and 650 ° C. The highest value of the tensile test for Al-Si alloys was owned by the Al 12% Si mixture at the pouring temperature of 600 oC. This condition is due to the occurrence of the eutectic mixture which has a non-lamellar shape and appears in the cross-section of the microstructure. The visible section consists of like pieces that appear separate but are actually interconnected when viewed in three dimensions. As a result of the formation of nonlamellar regions and the existing shale connections, it is difficult to shift when given the test load.
Development of the weaving home industry through the use of natural dyes in the east rabadompu village of bima city
Authors: Wiraningtyas A , Ruslan  , Sandi A , Nasir M
Published: March 2021

Problems encountered in the development of the weaving home industry inthe East Rabadompu Village, Bima City as an export commodity include: Bima woven fabric products use yarn raw material that has been colored using synthetic dyes thereby reducing the artistic value and exotic side. Although synthetic dyes have a more diverse color, they do not fade easily, are easily produced, the fabric coloring process is easier and the cost is cheap. However, synthetic dyes are carcinogenic and dangerous for the environment. The solution to overcome these problems is to use natural dyes obtained from plant extracts in the form of root, bark, stem, leaf or fruit. Natural dyes have many advantages, including colors that are more natural, cool, unique and beautiful in accordance with the characteristics of natural colors, waste produced more environmentally friendly (biodegradable), the availability of abundant raw materials (renewable). In this activity, natural dyes are made from indigo leaves, yellow bark, mahogany bark, java bark, brown seaweed, areca nut and noni root. The resulting yarn colors consist of black, maroon, pink, beige, gray and purple.
Stress Analysis of Thick-Wall Hollow Functionally Graded Material Based on Plane Strain Problem
Authors: Lin Wenfeng
Published: March 2021

In this study, the mechanical behaviours of thick-walled hollow functionally graded material (FGM) cylinder subjected to uniform pressures at inner and outer surfaces are proposed. The hollow FGM cylinder has variable geometric profile, thickness and material properties like elastic modulus and mass density are all assumed to vary radially according to exponentially-varying functions in radial direction. With the help of the infinitesimal elasticity theory and plane strain assumption, analytic solutions of stress and deformation are proposed. Numerical example is given to show the performance between FEM and homogeneous cylinder. Finally, summary and the future work are presented at the end of the paper.
Computational Models of Magnesium Medical Implants Degradation: A Review
Authors: Zhang Xuanbin , Hao Zhixiu
Published: March 2021

Magnesium is attracting the attention of researchers from medical field especially implant material due to its properties, including but not limited to degradation and biocompatibility. Many chemical and physical reactions are considered to play a part in the procedure of magnesium degradation and influence the bio-tissue. To design and analyze magnesium implants, it is important to fully consider the factors that will affect the degradation and the impacts on the mechanical property as well as the in-vivo environment. Computational model gives another way to capture and analyze the in-vivo degradation behavior of the magnesium besides experiment. A review of the current computational models which could be used in study of magnesium medical implant is presented here, with the main mechanisms and accomplishments of each model highlighted.
The Detection of Acetylcholinesterase Based on All-Dielectric Nanoantennas
Authors: Ouyang Ao , Zhou Huan , Ghosh Pintu , Li Qiang
Published: March 2021

High sensitivity detection of acetylcholinesterase (Ache) concentration is an important method for water pollution control and treatment. Compared with commonly used detection methods, the dielectric nanoantenna detection method is more direct, efficient, and safer. In this paper, we first studied a silicon disk dielectric antenna for the detection of Ache. We made the structure by electron beam lithography technology and set up the optical system of spectrum measurement. We used the electrical resonance position of its transmission spectrum to calibrate the refractive index of the surface environment, and the sensitivity reaches 222nm/RIU. We introduced the chemical bond coupling method to monitor the Ache concentration changing process, and there is no need to mark the detection substance by modifying the surface of the antenna structure and fixing the antibodies of the substance to be monitored. We achieved the specific monitoring process of Ache concentration, and the minimum detectable concentration is 0.01mg/ml.
Design of Multifunctional Touch and Slip Sensor System Based on PVDF Piezoelectric Film
Authors: Li Xiang , Ming Zhe , Wang Keyi
Published: March 2021

A multi-functional touch slip sensing system is designed based on PVDF piezoelectric film. The piezoelectric sensor converts the pressure signal into electrical signal through piezoelectric effect, and the conditioning circuit further processes the electrical signal. After A/D conversion, the data is transferred to the upper computer to extract the information. In addition, based on the thermoelectric effect of piezoelectric film, the sensor can detect the thermal sensation signal and has the function of self-protection. The piezoelectric sensor adopts bionic fingerprint structure, which has high sensitivity and good flexibility. The conditioning circuit includes amplifying unit, filtering unit, voltage lifting unit and voltage following unit. These units are integrated on the circuit board of 11mm*10mm, which has high integration and easy application. The experiment verifies that manipulator equipped the sensing system can automatically judge tactile, slip and thermal sensation, and can grasp an egg and a paper cup with water, realizing the ability of soft grasping.
Epigenetic Formation of Clay Surface Properties: Experimental Modeling
Authors: Sofinskaya O A , Usmanov R M
Published: March 2021

Quaternary diluvium soil samples were tested for particles’ cohesion, contact angle, porosity and their geoengineering properties were compared. The effect of particle size, applied external pressure, hy dration and the presence of organomineral surfactants on the soil surface properties of a clay preparation was evaluated. These characteristics determine the strength of clay particles’ cohesion to each other and are important for the development of techniques for geoengineering management. The macroscopic wetting contact angle was estimated using the captive bubble method by the author’s technique. An external pressure in excess of 40 kPa applied to a clay preparation on a glass substrate results in more than one layer of clay particles due to cohesion. It was observed that the thickness of the clay layer retained on the preparations due to cohesion decreases during hydration. This decrease is more noticeable for samples with particles up to 45 μm compared to samples containing larger particles up to 250 μm. The positive effect of organomineral surfactants on the cohesion of clay particles has been established. The addition of these surfactants initially leads to an increase in wetting heterogeneity.
Study on SO4
2- Removal with Ettringite Precipitation Approach in Wet Desulfurization of Firing-Power Plant
Authors: Niu Guangling , Li Yuzhong , Huang Yue , Qin Wu , Xiao Xianbin , Zheng Zongming
Published: March 2021

The deacidification treatment of desulphurization wastewater is one of the difficulties in clean discharge of power plants. Ettringite precipitation is a new method of acid removal in recent years, but its efficiency is affected by many factors, and the mechanism is still unclear. In this paper, we studied the effects of the molar ratio of calcium to sulfur ([Ca] / [S]), the molar ratio of aluminum to sulfur ([Al] / [S]) and pH on the deacidification of ettringite precipitation approach, and found the optimum conditions were as follows: pH=12, [Al] / [S] = 0.67, [Ca] / [S] = 2. Based on the optimal level, the effects of high contents of Mg2+, Cl−, Na+ and NO3+ in desulfurization wastewater on the removal of SO4
2− by ettringite precipitation were studied. It was found that Mg2+ could inhibit the formation of ettringite precipitation.
Research on the Design of Aging Leisure Landscape in Community
Authors: Wang Yaying , Gao Chenglin
Published: March 2021

In order to investigate the aging life needs of the old community square in Beijing, the factors influencing the daily communication space of the elderly were obtained. Based on the analysis of the current situation of community square for the elderly in Beijing, this paper puts forward the principle of public, social and private communication space, and classifies and reorganizes the activity space and designs and constructs it. Taking Beijing Bell and Drum Tower Square as an actual case, this paper analyzes the space renewal strategy, explores and perfects the orderly old community square function and the improvement design of square space. This paper puts forward the existing problems and suggestions in the layout and construction of old urban squares in Beijing, so as to update and improve the functions of community cultural squares.
The Influence of Human Activities on Pollutants Distribution in Waiting Rooms of Outpatients in Health Care Buildings
Authors: Chen Min , Gong Jiafu , Lv Mengqiu , Zhang Jishun , Yin Yintao
Published: March 2021

Unsteady CFD simulation with SST k-ε model and dynamic mesh was used to investigate the characteristics of human walking and how the human activities influence the pollutants distribution in outpatient waiting rooms of health care buildings in this study. The results show that apart from the differences of gender and age, the movement speed of personnel is also greatly influenced by the subjective factors, and the step size is obviously less affected by the subjective factors and greatly affected by physical health and body shape. Numerical simulation results show that when the fine mannequin is used, the wake produced by the forward movement of the leg is obviously smaller than the wake area after the body and arm. The pollutants are enabled to diffuse faster but without increasing the concentration because of swinging the hands and feet of the moving human body, the thermal plume of the body, and the faster moving persons. When moving the same distance, the concentration of contaminant caused by the wake behind the body changes the same.
Investigation on Numerical Simulation of Radiation Heating Thermal Environment in Car Cabin
Authors: Liu Weijun , Ji Wei , Du Xinghui , Fu Yunzhun
Published: March 2021

Based on the automobile energy saving and requirements for thermal comfort of heating environment in a car, a capillary radiation heating system for automobile is presented, and the 3D flow field and temperature field of air in the passenger compartment are simulated by using SC/Tetra software. To consider the effect of human thermoregulation, human thermal regulatory model is incorporated with numerical simulation. The thermal comfort of passenger compartment is evaluated by PMV-PPD comfort index basing on the simulation results. It concludes that the distributions of flow field and temperature field of radiation heating environment are relatively homogeneous. Human thermoregulation has a big influence on the temperature distribution in the near region around the human body. Analyzing the PMV values of body surfaces, it concludes that the radiation penal surface temperature should be set to 30°C under the most comfortable environment for human. The research results provide basis for the using of radiation heating technology in a car.
Discussion on Spontaneous Parametric Down-conversion (SPDC) Based on Parametric Oscillator Model
Authors: Peng Yu , Wu Minghe , Chen Sheng , Fan Zhibin
Published: March 2021

In this article, we use the theory of simple harmonic motion to estimate the vibration energy of Boron atom. Subsequently we employ the parametric oscillator model to discuss photon pairs with wavelength of 710 nm. When a laser with wavelength of 355nm illuminates the barium meta-borate crystal, parametric resonance could lead to the effect of spontaneous parametric down-conversion.
Study on the Graph Final Design of a Ship CPP
Authors: Zhang Qingju , Wang Delun , Zhang Baozhong
Published: March 2021

Aiming at the problems that a ship’s Controllable Pitch Propeller(CPP) of insufficient load power and low power-weight ratio did not fully utilized the rated power of the main engine(M/E), we redesigned the CPP by the graph method. Firstly, introduced the structure and function of the main components of the CPP, and analyzed the theoretical basis of the CPP graph design, then selected the CPP’ type according to the main parameters of the M/E and hull. Secondly, with the graph method, calculated the maximum ship speed and determined the optimal elements of the CPP driven by the M/E rated power and other M/E power, and converted the best factor of other power CPP according to the design propeller diameter. Then, check the strength and cavitation performance of CPP. Thirdly, calculated the navigation characteristics of refrigerated ships to verify the graph design results. Finally, summarized the graph design and drawn the blade extension profile. The Research results show that the CPP can make full use of the M/E rated power after the graph final design, and the CPP power-weight ratio can be improved by retaining the original hub and increasing the blade diameter and area ratio, The method of the graph final design is usable and effective.
Boron nitride nanotube scaffolds: emergence of a new era in regenerative medicine
Authors: Anandhan Sathyan Vivekanand , Krishnan Uma Maheswari
Published: March 2021

Tissue engineering scaffolds have transformed from passive geometrical supports for cell adhesion, extension and proliferation to active, dynamic systems that can in addition, trigger functional maturation of the cells in response to external stimuli. Such ‘smart’ scaffolds require the incorporation of active response elements that can respond to internal or external stimuli. One of the key elements that direct the cell fate processes is mechanical stress. Different cells respond to various types and magnitudes of mechanical stresses. The incorporation of a pressure-sensitive element in the tissue engineering scaffold therefore, will aid in tuning the cell response to the desired levels. Boron nitride nanotubes (BNNTs) are analogous to carbon nanotubes and have attracted considerable attention due to their unique amalgamation of chemical inertness, piezoelectric property, biocompatibility and, thermal and mechanical stability. Incorporation of BNNTs in scaffolds confers them with piezoelectric property that can be used to stimulate the cells seeded on them. Biorecognition and solubilization of BNNTs can be engineered through surface functionalization with different biomolecules. Over the years, the importance of BNNT has grown in the realm of healthcare nanotechnology. This review discusses the salient properties of BNNTs, the influence of functionalization on their in vitro and in vivo biocompatibility, and the uniqueness of BNNT-incorporated tissue engineering scaffolds.
World trade of environmentally-sensitive commodities: legal and institutional aspects
Authors: Elfimova Olga , Vysotckaia Valeriia , Vakorina Elena
Published: March 2021

Trade liberalization does not mean that the role of Customs authorities is diminishing. Instead, the modern customs should expedite cross-border trade to promote economic development and preventing illicit trade. Certain sub-stances and commodities that cross borders are considered to be “environ-mentally sensitive” for human health and ecosystems. The environmental illicit trade causes serious damage to the environment. It is considered as a threat for national environmental security. In many countries, customs plays an important role in protecting of the environment. It enforces the provisions of the Multilateral Environmental Agreements (henceforth MEA). The present study is a systematic review of customs – related environmental issues at different levels. Particular attention is paid to examples of customs escort of MEA from the experience of the Russian Federation, the EAEU and the BRICS. The results of the study can serve as a basis for developing measures for the ensuring environmental security with the help of customs management practices, tools, and techniques.
Research of the Ricotta made from cheese whey enriched with citrus dietary fiber
Authors: Zinina O , Khitsenko A , Neverova O , Stepanov A , Bykova O
Published: March 2021

Whey is a unique raw material in the production of specialized food products due to the presence of easily digestible proteins and a wide range of minerals. The paper considers the technology of making whey cheese “Ricotta” from cheese whey with the addition of dietary fiber in the amount of 1, 3 and 5% of the raw material weight. The quality of the used cheese whey was assessed. The sequence of technological stages of production of Ricotta cheese enriched with dietary fiber is presented. The results of physicochemical studies of the Ricotta cheese samples showed that with an increase in the added citrus dietary fiber, the fat content decreases from 6.42% in the control sample to 5.02 in the sample with the addition of 5% citrus dietary fiber; the moisture content increases from 63.18% in the control sample to 65.88% in the sample with 5% dietary fiber. The results of descriptor analysis showed that with an increase in the content of dietary fiber, the product develops a citrus smell and taste, the texture becomes denser. The sample with the addition of 3% citrus dietary fiber has the most harmonious sensory indicators. The yield of whey cheese with 10 liters of cheese whey ranged from 496 g - a control sample, to 544 g - a test sample with the introduction of 5% dietary fiber. Thus, the results obtained show the possibility of introducing citrus dietary fiber into whey cheese.
Determination of laboratory seed yield of Artemisia schrenkiana Ledeb and Chorispora bungeana Fisch
Authors: Seilkhan A , Syraiyl S , Turganova G , Satbayeva E , Erkenova N
Published: March 2021

One of the most pressing problems of human society is ensuring a harmonious relationship between society and nature. As a result of inefficient use of plant resources, the ecological balance is disrupted, and together with a decrease in the stock of plant raw materials, it has a negative impact on human health. Due to the high medicinal properties of medicinal plants and low side effects, the demand for them is constantly growing all over the world. This is a great achievement for the economy and medicine, but if raw materials are not used efficiently, they will lead to a decrease in plant reserves. This article discusses the determination of seed productivity in laboratory conditions of plants Artemisia Schrenkiana collected from Urzhar District of East Kazakhstan and Chorispora bungeana Fisch collected from the Trans-Ili Alatau of Almaty region. Laboratory experiments have shown high germination of Chorispora bungeana and Artemisia schrenkiana seeds, but the germination of seeds collected from different populations is different: for example, Artemisia Schrenkiana and Chorispora bungeana plants had the highest laboratory germination of № 2 seeds. This is probably due to the remoteness of these populations from anthropogenic factors. because 1 and № 3 populations of Artemisia Schrenkiana were found in the vicinity of settlements, while № 2 populations were located in pastures far from villages. The population of or 1 of the plant Chorispora bungeana was found in the Trans-Ili Alatau, a popular tourist destination, and the population of № 1 was found in the highlands, where people do not go often.
Applications of convolutional neural networks for the detection and classification of fungal rice diseases
Authors: Arinichev I V , Polyanskikh S V , Arinicheva I V , Sergeeva I O
Published: March 2021

The article discusses the possibility of detecting and classifying rice fungal diseases by image using convolutional neural networks. Fungal diseases cause tremendous economic damage to rice growing and it is very important to determine the disease accurately and at an early stage in order to take timely measures to combat them. The paper compares four modern neural network architectures and shows that on a test sample that includes two classes of diseases – leaf blast and brown spot, as well as a class of healthy plants, the achievable classification accuracy can be more than 95%. Authors argue that the results obtained can be used to automatically detect fungal diseases in rice and to make a decision on the implementation of protective measures, which could be carried out with minimal labor and time.
Use of digital technologies in the agro-industrial complex
Authors: Beksultanova A I , Vatyukova O Y , Akhmedov B S
Published: March 2021

Digital technologies will continue to fill our world, creating new opportunities to change our lives. The world we live in is literally awash with digital technologies. They initiate and continue to initiate changes, running through all aspects of our lives, our environment, and the entire society of which we are a part.

The use of digital technologies in this paper is considered as a key factor in the complete transformation of the functioning methods of the agro-industrial complex and agriculture. The article examines the role of digital technologies in the agro-industrial complex, notes the benefits of using innovative digital technologies, and describes the factors that hinder the process of informatization of the agro-industrial complex (AIC). It also provides examples of how the use of digital technologies contributes to the improvement and functioning of agri-food systems efficiency.
Distant learning: challenges and risks of 2020
Authors: Shtaleva N R , Derkho M A , Pribytova O S , Shamina S V
Published: March 2021

This article presents relevance of distance learning technologies in the current stage of public relations evolution owing to the development level of electronic devices for data transfer, processes of economic integration, the need to “socialize” for people with limited mobility, the need for lifelong learning, and changing conditions of interaction during 2020th pandemic. Based on the analysis of legal as well as organizational and methodological documentation, the available educational experience of general and higher education teachers and our observations, an attempt is made to summarize the challenges of distance learning caused by the imperfection of distance learning regulation, insufficient development of theoretical backgrounds and methodology of distance learning. The mechanism for using ICT technologies in distance learning is also insufficiently developed. This article reveals the decline risks in the quality of education and threats to the health of students in the realization of distance learning. Our own experience in the implementation of distance learning using the “flipped classroom” technology is given.