bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Image of the Future: An Optimistic Tragedy
Authors: Tereshchenko N. A.
Published: April 2024

The article raises the question of possible variations of attitude to the  future, both in theoretical discourses and in the worldview of the contemporary.  The problem of the future (humanity) is put in the context of the problem of  crisis of the modern state of society, including the context of the crisis of modern  capitalism. The author shows that modern capitalism, which has spread to the  whole world, no longer has opportunities for extensive development and for  taking its crisis phenomena outside its own system. In this regard, there is a way  to solve the internal problems of this system on the principle of bringing them  into the future. The article demonstrates two versions of understanding the future: the first one – a return to the past – represents either a retreat backwards  in order to free up space/time for a subsequent intensive move forward, or a  version of barbarization/archaization/primitivization of the present, conscious  or not. The second version of the future’ image, with all its possible tragicism, is  the image of the future as a future, another, different, something that has not yet  happened. This version requires a new social theory that explains the process  and allows to develop an action strategy.
The "Great Game" of World Powers and the social base of antagonisms
Authors: Belyaev V. A. , Sibaeva G. R.
Published: April 2024

The article substantiates the separation of the concepts of the unity of  purpose of the strategy (including the strategy of responsibility of the "circular  review") and the variability of the main and main enemy. The authors believe that  the main opponent of the West at the moment is Russia, and the main opponent  for a long strategic period is China. The inconsistency of the West's simultaneous  opposition to these antagonists is argued. The authors analyze the reasons for the variability of the "Big Game" of the world powers. The "globalist" layers are  identified and systematized. The groups of antagonists within Russia itself are  also highlighted. The variants of conflicts that can provoke these groups and the  possibilities of their union and political advancement are considered. The main  types of Westernism are also revealed.
Differentiation of the indices of collaboration and resistance of tritagonists and deuteragonists as limitrophes
Authors: Belyaev V. A. , Sibaeva G. R.
Published: April 2024

The article reveals the possibilities of labile intermediate actors  coming to the fore. An unstable vector of limitrophs in the intercivilization  zone is determined. The authors separate deuteragonists as those who have accepted the values of the protagonist and therefore are his strong ally, and  tritagonists as limitrophes who have mixed values and therefore are able to  move away from the protagonist to his antagonist at any moment. It is proved  that the level and stability of the loyalty of limitrophs correlate with the indices  of collaboration and resistance. The authors identify the causes and negative  aspects of collaboration for the life of individual countries, the role of historical,  social and mental prerequisites that prevent the realization of basic national  interests, as well as the causes and motives of resistance.
Gender imbalance in the labor market: causes and features
Authors: Eflova M. Yu. , Viugina М. A.
Published: April 2024

The article examines current research on labor mobility and gender  inequality in the labor market: occupational segregation, unequal pay and  the «maternity penalty». The study of the impact of gender stereotypes,  social foundations, choice of educational path and professional environment  on wage disparities between women and men was conducted. Wage imbalances  are widespread around the world and affect the majority of economic sectors  and  employment types. In Russia data on the gender pay gap varies widely by region, economic sector and occupational group, and where male employment  prevails, the rate of  disparity is often higher. The  recommendations from  international organizations on equalizing women and men in labor rights are  given.
Antihyperlipidemic, hepatoprotective and nephroprotective effects of functional beverages containing soybean (Glycine max L.), sweet potato leaves (Ipomoea batatas L.) and red yeast rice on a high fat diet-induced hyperlipidemia rats
Authors: Mahfudh Nurkhasanah , Sari Atika Orchida , Ikhtiari Iradatul , Sulistyani Nanik , Kumalasari Ika Dyah , Othman Fezah
Published: April 2024

One of the primary risk factors for hyperlipidemia is an excessively high-fat diet. Due to their phytochemical composition and biological activity, red yeast rice (RYR), sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) leaves and soybeans (Glycine max L.) are known to possess antihyperlipidemia and antioxidants effects. The purpose of this study is to ascertain how beverages containing soybeans, sweet potato leaves, and red yeast rice affect rats fed a high-fat diet in terms of hyperlipidemia, liver damage, and kidney damage. Five groups of rats were used: normal control, positive control using Commercial Smoothie Drink 1 (CSD1), 3.6 ml/day, negative control, and treatment groups receiving beverage doses of 1250 mg/kg and 2500 mg/kg respectively. Following the induction of the high-fat diet in the animals, functional beverage treatment was administered for 14 days starting on day 15 for a total of 28 days. The findings demonstrated that in rats fed a high-fat diet, the administration of functional beverages at a dose of 2500 mg/kg significantly (p<0.05) decreased serum levels of cholesterol, triglyceride, creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (SGPT) and serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT). It is concluded that functional beverages may offer protection against hyperlipidemia, liver, and kidney damage caused by a high-fat diet.
Modeling the Inflow of Exposed and Infected Migrants on the Dynamics of Malaria
Authors: Konlan Musah
Published: April 2024

Malaria is currently a life-threatening vector borne disease which is endemic in most of the developing and underdeveloped countries associated with poor health care systems. In this study, a host-vector mathematical model that takes into account the inflow of human migrants who have been exposed or infected with malaria is formulated and analysed. The reproduction number of the mosquito vector population is derived and used as a threshold quantity for determining the existence of the model trivial and realistic steady states. The Routh-Hurwitz criterion and some stability theorems of Metzler matrices are used to show that the realistic disease free equilibrium is both locally and globally asymptotically stable whenever the disease reproductive number is less than one. We derived an equation for the model endemic condition and used Descartes Rule of Sign Change to established the conditions for the model to admit one or three endemic equilibrium state(s). It is further shown that in the absence of inflow of exposed or infected migrants, the model admits a globally asymptotically unique endemic equilibrium when R0>1 and two endemic equilibria when R0<1. Our local sensitivity analysis revealed that the adults mosquito removal and biting rates were respectively the most significant contributing parameters to the spread of malaria. The numerical simulations results suggested that the exposed and infected immigrants have no significant impact on the dynamical behaviour of the model population sub-classes.
COMPARAÇÃO DA FLUORESCÊNCIA DIFERENTES RESINAS COMPOSTAS
Authors: Silva Janaina Soares da , Beiriz Rejane Kelly Andrade , Cabral Laís Lemos Cabral Lemos , Ramos Anna Thereza Peroba Rezende
Published: April 2024

Introdução: Os dentes naturais apresentam diversas características ópticas, dentre elas destaca-se a fluorescência. E atualmente com a exigência dos pacientes por um padrão de estética cada vez mais alta, os materiais odontológicos vêm evoluindo e buscando mimetizar esta característica óptica. Objetivo: comparar os diferentes graus de fluorescência das resinas compostas disponíveis no mercado. Avaliando a diferença da fluorescência da resina de esmalte e de dentina e, além disso, observar se as sobreposições de diferentes camadas interferem na fluorescência final da restauração. Metodologia: foi realizada uma comparação in vitro entre 4 marcas comerciais de resina composta: Forma (Ultradent), Z100 (3M ESPE), Zirconfill (Technew), Opallis (FGM). Para essa análise foram confeccionados 40 corpos-de-prova e divididos em resina de esmalte, dentina e resina de esmalte sobreposta com resina de dentina, esses corpos foram expostos à luz negra e fotografados, além disso, foi utilizado um escore numérico para quantificar o grau de fluorescência das resinas. Resultados: a resina Z100 foi classificada com baixa fluorescência, a resina Opallis foi classificada com média fluorescência e a Zirconfill foi classificada com alta fluorescência em todas as análises do estudo, entretanto a resina forma apresentou diferentes fluorescências, mostrando-se com alta fluorescência na resina de dentina e média fluorescência tanto na resina de esmalte como nas camadas sobrepostas. Conclusão: devido a diferentes variações de fluorescência que as resinas apresentam é de suma importância que os cirurgiões dentistas tenham conhecimento sobre quais as resinas compostas atualmente que mais se assemelham aos dentes para auxiliar na criação de restaurações mais estéticas para os pacientes.
Monitoria na disciplina de anatomia como fator de influência na iniciação à docência e aperfeiçoamento de conteúdo: Relato de experiência
Authors: Gonçalves de Matos Lucas Miguel , Grisa Leila , Essenfelder Borges Beatriz
Published: April 2024

RESUMO: os programas de monitoria fazem parte de umas das muitas formas com que os acadêmicos podem registrar horas complementares. Mas, não se limita a isso a vivência como aluno-monitor. O objetivo deste estudo descritivo, do tipo relato de experiência, foi relacionar as horas de monitoria como fator de influência para o exercício da docência, além de descrever como o programa contribui para aperfeiçoamento do conteúdo. Por meio do registro do que se tratou o programa de monitoria, aflições, surpresas e reflexões, fica evidente como o desafio e responsabilidade contribuem para o autodesenvolvimento do aluno-monitor, tanto como iniciação à docência, quanto segurança no estudo da anatomia. Auxílio no laboratório de práticas, elaboração de PowerPoints e ajuda na aplicação da prova prática fizeram parte das horas da monitoria. Em se tratando da formação como profissional médico, a habilidade didática e sedimentação do conteúdo foram grandes ganhos na experiência como monitor.

Descritores: Monitoria; Anatomia; Docência; Educação Superior; Consolidação da Memória.
Improved Dissolution of Naproxen Using a Self -Microemulsifying Delivery System and in vivo Evaluation of Efficacy in Rats
Authors:   Korean Industrial Technology Convergence Society, Byun Jae-Hyuk , Cho Seong-Wan
Published: April 2024

Naproxen is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) administered to reduce pain, inflammation, and fever. The extended half-life of naproxen enables prolonged efficacy, leading to symptom relief and high patient satisfaction. However, naproxen has notably low solubility in water (15.9 mg/L). The present study aimed to enhance the solubility and dissolution rate of naproxen by using a self-microemulsifying delivery system (SMEDDS). Labrasol® was used as the primary oil and Labrafil® M1944 and Cremophor® RH-40 as the surfactants in the SMEDDS. The ratio of the selected oil to the surfactant was determined to identify the equilibrium range with good solubility. Subsequently, the efficacy was confirmed to be within the applicable range. The results indicated that the SMEDDS formulation showed higher dissolution rates than the salt-formulated purified naproxen product. Furthermore, the efficacy was compared with that of commercially available naproxen emulsion-filled soft gel capsules in an animal model of gastric ulcers, showing the excellent gastro-protective abilities of the naproxen SMEDDS. This study provides an appropriate oil and ratio for a naproxen SMEDDS, confirming it sefficacy, dissolution rate, and stability. These results will guide future directions in naproxen research and manufacturing.
A Study on the Effect of Online Class Satisfaction on Academic Achievement: Focused on Self-Regulated Learning Strategies
Authors:   Korean Industrial Technology Convergence Society, SHEN YIDI
Published: April 2024

This study explored the characteristics of Korean language education at universities in China as well as strategies to overcome the limitations of online education. According to the research findings, satisfaction with online classes positively influences learners’ academic achievement. Therefore, it is important to establish and support online education environments and to explore blended learning methods and educational strategies utilizing AI technology. Additionally, learners’ self-regulated learning strategies were found to moderate the relationship between satisfaction with online classes and academic achievement. Consequently, enhancing monitoring functions related to learning and providing tailored teaching designs and learning checks by educational professionals or instructors are crucial. Through these efforts, it is expected that solutions to overcome the limitations of online education and improve academic achievement can be explored.
The impact of Perceived Value of Luxury Brand Collaboration Products on Brand Attitude and Purchase Intention : Focused on the Moderating Effect of Emotional Benefits of MZ Generation
Authors:   Korean Industrial Technology Convergence Society, FAN ENZE , LEE EUNHEE
Published: April 2024

This study aims to investigate the effect of perceived value on the brand attitude and purchase intention of MZ generation consumers, which has recently been actively researched. After a series of research processes, the moderating effects of emotional benefits were examined. An empirical study was conducted using the MZ generation as a sample, and as a result, the perceived value of luxury brand products had a positive effect on the mediating effect on consumers' brand attitude and purchase intention, which was found to be very significant. In addition, the moderating effect of emotional benefits was found to have a significant moderating effect on the relationship between brand attitude and purchase intention, confirming that emotional benefits can promote consumer purchase intention. Based on the research results, it is necessary to discuss strategic measures for luxury brand companies to increase customer purchase intentions through collaboration with other brands in the future.
A Study of High Efficiency Microconverter Topology for Solar Power Generation Systems
Authors:   Korean Industrial Technology Convergence Society, Kang Geon-Il , Seo Dong-Soo , Choi Youn-Ok
Published: April 2024

In this study, we analyze the characteristics of microconverters utilized in photovoltaic systems. Microconverters are individually attached to solar panels and are instrumental in optimizing the power-generation performance of each panel, thereby enhancing the overall efficiency of photovoltaic systems. The utilization of microconverters implies the need for optimizing the performance of the entire photovoltaic system. In systems employing microconverters for photovoltaic power generation, a combination of centralized and distributed maximum power point tracking (MPPT) controls is employed. Distributed MPPT control operates concurrently to mitigate MPPT losses incurred solely by centralized MPPT control during mismatching due to shading. In the absence of a mismatch, only centralized MPPT control is engaged, and the microconverter operates using bypass control instead of MPPT control. In addition, this study proposes a high-efficiency bypass topology by scrutinizing the losses in the bypass operation mode of the buck converter topology. A prototype was manufactured to facilitate a comparison and analysis of the performance of the proposed topology.
DAMPAK PEMBANGKIT LISTRIK TENAGA UAP TERHADAP KONDISI SOSIAL EKONOMI MASYARAKAT DESA PADAK GUAR SAMBELIA LOMBOK TIMUR
Authors: Wulandari Baiq Inayang , Hailuddin  , Ismiwati Baiq
Published: April 2024

Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis dampak Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Uap (PLTU) terhadap kondisi sosial dan ekonomi masyarakat Desa Padak Guar, Sambelia Lombok Timur. Dengan memfokuskan pada dampak lingkungan serta indikator sosial berupa pendidikan dan kesehatan sedangkan pada indikator ekonomi berupa penyerapan tenaga kerja,peluang usaha baru serta perubahan pendapatan. Penelitian ini merupakan Jenis penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Dengan teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan metode observasi, wawancara dan juga dokumentasi. Dengan pendekatan ini peneliti menggali informasi secara alamiah tentang keadaan sosial ekonomi yang ditimbulkan dengan adanya pembangunan PLTU Padak Guar Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dampak PLTU Padak Guar terhadap lingkungan adalah debu yang dihasilkan dari sisa pembakaran batu bara membuat masyarakat mengeluhkan adanya polusi udara serta ekosistem laut yang terganggu. Hal ini membuat pihak PLTU memberikan kontribusi sosial terbukti dengan adanya bantuan pelayanan kesehatan yang diberikan berupa pengobatan gratis sedangkan pada aspek pendidikan PLTU banyak memberikan kontribusi khusunya bagi sekolah sekolah. Pada kondisi ekonomi menunjukkan adanya peningkatan pendapatan masyarakat akibat adanya peluang usaha baru sehingga membuat perubahan pendapatan masyarakat semakin meningkat. Sedangkan pada sektor tenaga kerja khususnya tenaga kerja lokal masih belum terserap secara maksimal
Governança Pública para Resultados: estudo de caso do Programa de Desenvolvimento Institucional Integrado (PDI) do Tribunal de Contas do Estado de Mato Grosso
Authors: Novelli José Carlos
Published: April 2024

Governança Pública para Resultados, de José Carlos Novelli, é uma publicação decorrente da Dissertação de Mestrado apresentada ao Mestrado Profissional em Administração Pública do Instituto Brasiliense de Direito Público. Nesse estudo de caso, o autor avalia os avanços alcançados pela Administração Pública dos municípios estudados após o treinamento e capacitação do Programa de Desenvolvimento Institucional Integrado (PDI) do Tribunal de Contas do Estado de Mato Grosso. Para atender as necessidades da população com eficiência, elevando a qualidade da Administração Pública é de crucial a importâncias que os gestores públicos atentem para: 1) Liderança e tomada de decisão; 2) Gestão de recursos e 3) Treinamento.
Liderança e tomada de decisão: Os gestores públicos precisam ser líderes eficazes e tomar decisões informadas. O treinamento pode ajudá-los a desenvolver habilidades de liderança, como comunicação efetiva, motivação de equipes e resolução de conflitos. Além disso, eles devem ser capazes de tomar decisões baseadas em evidências, considerando os impactos sociais, econômicos e políticos de suas escolhas.
Gestão de recursos: Os gestores públicos lidam com recursos limitados e devem ser capazes de gerenciá-los de forma eficiente e transparente. O treinamento pode abordar técnicas de gestão financeira, orçamentária e de pessoal, promovendo a responsabilidade fiscal e o uso eficaz dos recursos públicos.
O treinamento de gestores públicos desempenha um papel crucial na promoção de uma melhor governabilidade. A governabilidade refere-se à capacidade de um governo de exercer autoridade e implementar políticas efetivas para atender às necessidades da sociedade. É essencial que os gestores públicos possuam as habilidades, conhecimentos e competências necessárias para lidar com os desafios complexos e em constante mudança que enfrentam em suas funções.
Protesting Too Much: Baptized Jews’ Appeals to the Vatican for Aid in Attaining Aryan Status in Fascist Italy, 1938–1943
Authors: Kertzer David I. , Benedetti Roberto
Published: April 2024

Abstract: Many of the people categorized as members of the “Jewish race” under Italy’s draconian antisemitic racial laws of 1938–1943 sought relief through recategorization as “Aryans.” This required the collaboration of Church officials to certify the individual’s Catholic credentials, as race categorization depended heavily on one’s religion, having little to do with biology. The newly available Ebrei (Jews) series from the Historical Archive of the Secretariat of State, Section for Relations with States and International Organizations (ASRS) offers a rich trove of materials that illuminate how a large number of those categorized as Jews sought to attain Aryan status. Here we take a first look at the impassioned pleas to the Vatican by offering examples of how the petitioners sought to distance themselves from the Jewish “racial” identity assigned to them by the Italian state. As a result of this research, the key role played by the Roman Catholic Church in the administration of Italy’s racial laws comes into clearer focus.
Intraventricular pilocytic astrocytoma: A case report
Authors: MOUHSSANI Mohamed  , ELMI MOUSSA Saad  , EL MANOUNI Othmane  , El Mehdi HAKKOU  , EL OUAHABI Abdessamad
Published: April 2024

Background: Pilocytic astrocytoma (PA) is a low-grade glioma that is common in children. Intraventricular location is extremely rare. Case Description: We report a case of a young man, 19-year-old, that was admitted to our department for symptoms of increased intracranial pressure. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain revealed a large intraventricular mass within the left lateral ventricle which appears dilated and enlarged. The patient underwent right‑sided frontal craniotomy for resection of the tumor. The resected mass was histologically diagnosed as pilocytic astrocytoma. Postoperatively, the patient had an uneventful evolution and was discharged without any neurological symptoms. Conclusion: Although rare, PA should be considered as a differential diagnosis of large intraventricular tumors.
SDIMMMER: A propaedeutic approach in regenerative medicine
Authors: João Vitor Lana  , Gregory Melo  , Gabriel Silva Santos  , Gabriel Ohana Marques Azzini  , Tomas Mosaner  , Daniel de Moraes Ferreira Jorge  , Lucas Furtado da Fonseca  , Alex Pontes de Macedo  , Napoliane Santos  , Luyddy Pires  , José Fábio Lana
Published: April 2024

SDIMMMER is a proposed acronym for use in medical interviews. It serves as a mnemonic for key areas to focus on during patient assessments. SDIMMMER stands for Sleep, Diet, Microbiome, Metabolism, Medications, Examination, and Rehabilitation. This approach is designed to assist physicians in efficiently evaluating a patient's metabolic profile as a priority and only then implementing suitable interventional regenerative medicine strategies, ensuring precise clinical diagnosis and increased treatment success rates. This acronym represents a pioneering propaedeutic technique in regenerative medicine. The primary goal of SDIMMMER is to monitor the patient's metabolic status and reduce low-grade chronic systemic inflammation, a prominent feature of metabolic syndrome (MS). This inflammatory state is marked by elevated levels of circulating inflammatory cytokines and increased macrophage infiltration in peripheral tissues. The objective of this propaedeutic proposal is to address and treat the patient holistically, enhancing metabolic function and consequently promoting better health of tissues and organ systems. Ultimately, SDIMMMER aims to increase the efficacy of orthobiological treatments by boosting the levels of growth factors, thereby achieving improved outcomes with patients. Beyond specific treatments, the focus is on guiding patients towards positive lifestyle changes, ultimately enhancing overall quality of life and fostering a healthier metabolism.
Features of phase and structural transformations in composite materials based on systems of immiscible components under the influence of concentrated energy flows
Authors:   Bauman Moscow State Technical University, Shiganov I. N. , Ovchinnikov V. V. ,   Moscow Polytechnic University, Shlyapin А. D. ,   Moscow Polytechnic University
Published: April 2024

The features of phase and structural transformations in composite materials based on systems of immiscible components Al – Be, Al – Be – Mg, Fe – Cu, Fe – Cu – Pb under the influence of concentrated heat sources — electric arc, electron and laser beams — are considered. It is shown that when materials of the Al – Be, Al – Be – Mg systems are exposed to an electric arc plasma and an electron flow, they are melted and subsequently cooled by grain grinding, formation of a zone of thermal influence and crystallization of the resulting new structures and phases. In zone of thermal influence, the enrichment of the aluminum matrix with Be particles is observed due to the thermal diffusion processes of their movement. When plasma is exposed to an arc discharge, pulsed and continuous laser radiation, as well as the flow of electrons on the composition Fe – Cu, Fe – Cu – Pb, a change in the morphology of the near-surface layer is observed: the irradiated material in the melt zone is exfoliated and in the process of crystallization the stratified phases are fixed in a solid state. The mechanism of stratification formation is associated with the limited solubility of the elements that make up the composition in the liquid and solid states.
Anodic behavior of lead babbit modified with strontium (PbSb15Sn10Sr) in the medium of NaCl electrolyte
Authors:   Tajik Technical University named after academician M.S. Osimi, Ganiev I. N. , Odinaev A. H. ,   Tajik Technical University named after academician M.S. Osimi, Khodzhaev F. K. ,   Tajik Technical University named after academician M.S. Osimi, Khojanazarov Kh. M. ,   Tajik Technical University named after academician M.S. Osimi
Published: April 2024

The article presents the results of a study of the effect of strontium additives (0.01 – 1.0 wt. %) as a structure modifier on the anodic behavior of lead babbit (PbSb15Sn10Sr) in the NaCl electrolyte medium. The studies were carried out by the potentiostatic method in the potentiodynamic mode with a potential sweep rate of 2 mV/s. Studies have shown that over time, the free corrosion potential of alloys shifts to the positive side and with an increase in the concentration of the modifier (strontium) in lead babbit, it acquires a positive value. The addition of strontium to lead babbitt (PbSb15Sn10Sr) increases its corrosion resistance by 10 – 15 %. An increase in the corrosion rate of alloys was noted, regardless of their composition from the NaCl concentration in the solution. Studies have shown that an increase in the concentration of the chloride ion in the NaCl electrolyte leads to a decrease in the potentials of free corrosion, repassivation, and pitting of alloys.
Ceramic based on complex oxide solid solution of zirconia in tetragonal form for prosthetic dentistry
Authors:   Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science of RAS, Podzorova L. I. , Il’icheva A. A. ,   Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science of RAS, Mikhayilina N. A. ,   Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science of RAS, Pen’kova O. I. ,   Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science of RAS, Antonova O. S. ,   Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science of RAS, Lebedenko I. Yu. ,   Patrice Lumumba RUDN Medical Institute, Shumskaya D. A. ,   Patrice Lumumba RUDN Medical Institute
Published: April 2024

The paper deals with physical and mechanical properties of ceramic material containing complex oxide solid solution Zr1–n[YbNd]nO2 and corundum microfase, taking into account aesthetic and strength requirements of clinical practice of prosthetic dentistry. It has been shown that the developed ceramic has a static bending strength of 850 MPa and according to the international standard ISO 6872:2015 “Dentistry – Ceramic materials” belongs to the 4th and 5th class of dental ceramic materials. This makes it possible to use it for the manufacture of not only single crowns, but also four-units dentures of any localization and any type of fixation. The developed ceramics meet the requirements of prosthetic dentistry and color characteristics, have high opacity, which makes it possible to mask the color of supporting structures.
Artificial intelligence in materials science and modern concrete technologies: analysis of possibilities and prospects
Authors:   BGTU named after V.G. Shukhov, Poluektova V. A. , Poluektov M. A. ,   BGTU named after V.G. Shukhov
Published: April 2024

An analysis of current trends and opportunities for the application of artificial intelligence (AI) in materials science and concrete technology, including 3D printing in construction, is presented. The key role of AI in predicting material properties, developing new materials, and quality control is highlighted. By analyzing large volumes of data collected from numerous studies, AI can suggest optimal parameters to achieve desired material properties, thereby reducing costs and increasing production efficiency. Existing rheological models, such as the Bingham-Shvedov model or the Herschel-Bulkley model, describe material behavior based on specific equations and parameters. These models can be useful in predicting concrete properties, especially when data on its component composition is available. However, these models may be limited in their predictive accuracy, particularly for non-standard or novel materials. It has been found that machine learning and neural networks have the potential to provide accurate predictions of rheological and physico-mechanical properties of concrete materials, considering multiple parameters that influence material characteristics, including chemical and mineralogical composition, as well as structural features. The combination of experimental data and AI can successfully optimize compositions and properties during production, reducing costs and research/testing time, and opening new opportunities for researchers and engineers in the field of materials science. Machine learning algorithms such as XGBoost, LightGBM, Catboost, and NGBoost demonstrate high predictive accuracy and have become powerful tools in the design of concrete compositions and innovative technologies. The analysis of Shapley additive explanations (SHAP) allows us to understand which parameters of a concrete mixture have the greatest influence on its characteristics.
Structure and strength of porous materials based on titanium carbide powders of different dispersion
Authors:   Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science of RAS, Shustov V. S. , Zelensky V. A. ,   Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science of RAS, Ankudinov A. B. ,   Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science of RAS, Ustyukhin A. S. ,   Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science of RAS, Kaplan M. A. ,   Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science of RAS, Ashmarin A. A. ,   Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science of RAS
Published: April 2024

Materials with porosity from 67.5 to 82.5 % were obtained from mixtures of titanium carbide powders and ammonium bicarbonate blowing agent by sintering in vacuum at temperatures of 1300 – 1500 °C. X-ray phase analysis of porous materials found that the crystal lattice parameter decreases with increasing sintering temperature. This indicates a decrease in the content of bound carbon C/Ti in titanium carbide. As a result of a comparative study of the obtained according to bending test strength characteristics of materials synthesized from nano- and submicron titanium carbide powders, it was found that the strength have close values. Ultimate bending strength are in the range of 2.6 – 18.1 MPa. As the porosity of the material increases, the tensile strength decreases. Fracture is brittle. In the fracture of materials obtained from titanium carbide nanopowder, destruction is observed both along the body and along the grain boundaries regardless of the sintering temperature. In materials obtained by sintering submicron titanium carbide powder at 1500 °C, the destruction occurs predominantly along the body of the grains. It has been found that under the same sintering conditions, the density of the porous material made of titanium carbide nanopowder is higher than that of the material made of submicron powder.
Structure and properties of SiO2 – Cr2O3 coating obtained by pulsed magnetron sputtering on a ceramic base ZrO2
Authors:   Yuri Gagarin State Technical University of Saratov, Nebogatikov R. S. , Pichidze S. Ya. ,   Yuri Gagarin State Technical University of Saratov
Published: April 2024

The technology for SiO2 – Cr2O3 coatings on a ceramic Y-TZP (ZrO2 stabilized by Y2O3) zirconia base has been proposed. The coating was produced in three stages: 1) formation of SiO2 adhesion layer by application of 5-amino-propyltriethoxysilane alcohol solution to the ceramic base surface followed by heat treatment at 450 ± 5 °C for 30 min. The next step was application of Cr at purity of 99.9 % by pulse magnetron sputtering; 3) diffusion oxidation of Cr, applied on the ceramic base, to Cr2O3 in the muffle furnace at 450 ± 5 °C for 30 min. Dependence of physical-mechanical characteristics of coating depending on preparatory and finishing operations (abrasive blasting, polishing) has been investigated. Samples with submicron coating with thickness of 150 ± 20 nm, having nanostructured lamellar structure, possessing open porosity value of 1.3 %, microhardness 2000 HV, roughness Ra 0.32 – 0.63, friction coefficient 0.175 and increased by 184 % wear resistance to abrasion loadings in comparison with pure zirconia ceramics were obtained.
Spherical submicron powders with nanopolycrystalline substructure — a promising raw material for obtaining fine-grained high-density ceramics (review)
Authors:   Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science of Russian Academy of Sciences, Vinogradov L. V. , Antipov V. I. ,   Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science of Russian Academy of Sciences, Kolmakov A. G. ,   Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science of Russian Academy of Sciences, Mukhina Y. E. ,   Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science of Russian Academy of Sciences, Baranov E. E. ,   Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science of Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: April 2024

The review reflects the unique properties and possible areas of application of submicron non-agglomerating powders from refractory oxides obtained by aerosol-spray pyrolysis. An analysis of the experimental results obtained by researchers at different times convincingly proves the promise of using aerosol nanostructured submicron spherical powders to obtain ceramic materials with a high-density, uniform fine-grained structure without pores. The uniqueness of aerosol powders is due to the presence in the particles of the nano-polycrystalline substructure of a developed network of inter-grain boundaries, which during sintering has a significant impact on the efficiency of diffusion mass transfer and contributes to an increase in the speed and completeness of pores overgrowth. Aerosol powders acquire these properties through the use of ultrasonic spray pyrolysis, where equilibrium physicochemical processes occur in ultra-small local volumes of aerosol droplets, ensuring a high degree of uniformity of the resulting powder. The formed ultrathin substructure of aerosol powders ensures their full sintering at low temperatures, making it possible to obtain high-density ceramic materials with extreme physical and mechanical characteristics. The practical use of nanostructured aerosol powders does not require the use of preliminary preparation operations (grinding-grinding, classification, purification from impurities, etc.) and, unlike ultrafine powders, they are easily molded using traditional methods of powder technology (uniaxial pressing, hot casting, etc.).
Composites based on isotactic polypropylene and high pressure polyethylene with nichel-containing nanofillers
Authors:   Institute of Polymer Materials of The Ministry of Science and Education of the Republic of Azerbaijan, Kurbanova N. I. , Ragimova S. K. ,   Institute of Polymer Materials of The Ministry of Science and Education of the Republic of Azerbaijan, Guliyeva T. M. ,   Institute of Polymer Materials of The Ministry of Science and Education of the Republic of Azerbaijan
Published: April 2024

The effect of nanofiller (NF) additives containing nickel oxide nanoparticles stabilized by a polymer matrix of high pressure polyethylene (PE) obtained by the mechanochemical method on the structure and properties of metal-containing nanocomposites based on isotactic polypropylene (PP) and high pressure polyethylene(PE) using differential thermal (DTA) and X-ray phase (XRF) and SEM analyzes. The improvement of strength, deformation and rheological parameters, as well as thermal-oxidative stability of the obtained nanocomposites was revealed, which, apparently, is associated with the synergistic effect of interfacial interaction of nickel-containing nanoparticles in the PE matrix with the components of the PP/PE polymer composition. It is shown that nanocomposites based on PP/PE/NF can be processed both by pressing method and by injection molding and extrusion methods, which expands the scope of its application.
Heat conductivity of YAG:Nd + Mo ceramic composites obtained by Spark Plasma Sintering
Authors:   National Research Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Alekseeva L. S. , Nokhrin A. V. ,   National Research Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Orlova А. I. ,   National Research Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Boldin M. S. ,   National Research Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Lantcev Е. A. ,   National Research Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Murashov A. A. ,   National Research Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Chuvil’deev V. N. ,   National Research Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Tabachkova N. Yu. ,   National Research Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Sakharov N. V. ,   National Research Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Moskvichev A. A. ,   Institute for Problems of Mechanical Engineering, Russian Academy of Science
Published: April 2024

The microstructure and thermophysical properties (specific heat capacity, thermal conductivity coefficient, heat conductivity coefficient) of fine-grained ceramic composites based on yttrium-aluminum garnet Y2.5Nd0.5Al5O12 (YAG:Nd) with different molybdenum content (10, 20, 40 vol. %) are investigated. Submicron Y2.5Nd0.5Al5O12 powders are obtained by co-precipitation method. Powder compositions of YAG:Nd + Mo with the structure “YAG:Nd core – Mo shell” were obtained using wet chemistry techniques and precipitation of the metal phase from salt solutions. Ceramic composite samples were obtained by the Spark Plasma Sintering (SPS) method. The microstructure and phase composition of ceramics were investigated by electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction phase analysis. YAG:Nd + Mo composites have a high relative density (98.1 – 99 %) and a homogeneous fine-grained microstructure with a grain size of 2 – 3 μm. Increased thermal conductivity and heat conductivity of composites is provided with a content of at least 20 vol.% Mo. For composites with 20% and 40% Mo, the heat conductivity coefficient at 1100 °C reaches 7.0 and 8.8 W⋅m–1⋅K–1, respectively. Sintered composites YAG: Nd + Mo at room temperature and elevated temperatures (up to 1100 °C) have a high heat conductivity coefficient, exceeding the heat conductivity coefficient of uranium dioxide UO2. This makes it possible to use ceramics YAG:Nd+Mo as heat-resistant inert fuel matrices.
Plasmochemical modification of glass silica based on waste from the enrichment of ferruginous quartzite KMA
Authors:   Belgorod State Technological University named after V.G. Shukhov, Bessmertny V. S. , Zdorenko N. M. ,   Belgorod State Technological University named after V.G. Shukhov, Bondarenko M. A. ,   Belgorod State Technological University named after V.G. Shukhov, Cherkasov A. V. ,   Belgorod State Technological University named after V.G. Shukhov, Makarov A. V. ,   Starooskolsky Technological Institute named after A.A. Ugarov (branch) of NUST MISIS, Burlakov N. M. ,   Belgorod State Technological University named after V.G. Shukhov
Published: April 2024

Based on the conducted research, it is proposed to use the waste of the enrichment of ferruginous quartzites of KMA as the main raw material for the production of fire-filtered glass silica. The regularities of the formation of the phase composition of glass silica with the formation of such crystalline phases as hematite and hypersthene are established. Based on experimental studies using X–ray phase, differential thermal analysis and IR spectroscopy, a mechanism for the formation of the phase composition of glass silica is proposed. The advantages of the developed technology in comparison with analogues are shown. It was found that after plasma chemical modification, such performance indicators of the front surface of glass silica as water resistance, acid resistance, alkali resistance and hardness significantly increase.
Conglomeration of elemental powders of high-entropy 30 Fe – 30 Cr – 20 Ni – 10 Mo – 10 W alloy for additive manufacturing
Authors:   Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ivannikov A. Yu. , Ankudinov A. B. ,   Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Mikhailova A. B. ,   Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Rumyantsev B. A. ,   Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Mikhailova A. V. ,   Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Zelensky V. A. ,   Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: April 2024

The possibility of conglomeration of elemental powders in the mechanical synthesis of a high-entropy 30 Fe – 30 Cr – 20 Ni – 10 Mo – 10 W alloy has been determined. The distribution of particles of elemental powders in conglomerates formed during mechanical alloying has been studied. The influence of mechanical alloying modes on the content of conglomerates of a fraction of more than 32 microns in the powder charge is determined. The phase composition of conglomerates after hydrogen heat treatment has been studied. The resulting conglomerates can be used in the process of additive cultivation of oil and gas equipment parts for operation at high temperatures and corrosive effects.
Formation of hydrophobic coatings on the track-etched membrane surface by magnetron sputtering of polymers in vacuum
Authors:   Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Flerov Laboratory of Nuclear Reactions, Kravets L. I. , Altynov V. A. ,   Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Flerov Laboratory of Nuclear Reactions, Gainutdinov R. V. ,   Shubnikov Institute of Crystallography of Federal Scientific Research Centre “Crystallography and Photonics” of RAS, Gilman A. B. ,   Enikolopov Institute of Synthetic Polymer Materials of RAS, Satulu V. ,   National Institute for Laser, Plasma and Radiation Physics, Mitu B. ,   National Institute for Laser, Plasma and Radiation Physics, Dinescu G. ,   National Institute for Laser, Plasma and Radiation Physics
Published: April 2024

The surface properties and chemical structure of nanoscale coatings deposited on the poly(ethylene terephthalate) track-etched membranes surface by magnetron sputter deposition of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene and polytetrafluoroethylene in vacuum are studied. It is shown that the application of coatings leads to hydrophobization of membrane surface, the degree of which depends on the type of polymer used for sputtering and the thickness of the coating. It is established that the use of this modification method leads to smoothing of structural inhomogeneities of the membrane surface layer. This result is explained by the deposition of coatings in the pore channels at a certain depth from the entrance and the overlap of pores on the surface of modified membranes. Besides, the deposition of coatings on the track-etched membrane surface leads to a change in the pore shape. The diameter of the pores on the untreated side of the membranes remains unchanged and decreases significantly on the modified side. The pores of the membranes acquire an asymmetric (conical) shape in this case. The study of the chemical structure of coatings by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy showed that they contain oxygen-containing functional groups due to the oxidation of the polymer matrix. The developed composite membranes can be used in the membrane distillation processes for the desalination of seawater.
Synthesis of complex oxide ceramics in a fast electron beam
Authors:   National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, Ghyngаzоv S. А. , Vasil’ev I. P. ,   National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, Boltueva V. А. ,   National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University
Published: April 2024

The synthesis of ceramic materials in a fast electrons beam for the production of complex oxide ceramics is considered. Powder reagents, in addition to irradiation, are exposed to air currents that prevent gases and particles from entering the accelerator. To keep powder mixtures of ultrafine powders in the irradiation zone, they were granulated. Two methods of granulation of an ultrafine powder of the composition (in mass %) 80 % Al2O3 + 20 % (ZrO2 – 3 Y2O3) were used. The first method involves moistening, drying and then sifting through a coarse sieve. In the second method, a binding additive was introduced into the powder mixture, which gave the sample a stable volumetric shape. For the granulation methods used, the features of short-term heating of oxide powders in air with a powerful beam of fast electrons with an energy of 2 MeV and the synthesis of zirconia corundum under these conditions were studied. Granulation of the ultrafine powder made it possible to minimize the loss of its mass during irradiation. During irradiation of the powder mass, its local melting took place, which was accompanied by intense gas release processes leading to the formation of hollow ceramic droplets. X-ray phase analysis has shown that mutual dissolution of oxides in their walls does not occur, and recrystallization processes are accompanied by the formation of cubic aluminum oxide microcrystallites and the transition of aluminum oxide in them from the monoclinic to the corundum phase. The presence of microcrystallites of evenly distributed small particles of zirconia dioxide in the interboundary space indicates the production of zirconia corundum under irradiation. At the same time, the phase composition of zirconium dioxide after irradiation does not change in comparison with the initial powder.