bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The effect of patient empowerment on anxiety, depression or health-related quality of life in patients with type 2 diabetes: a systematic review protocol
Authors: Duarte-Díaz Andrea , Perestelo-Pérez Lilisbeth , Rivero-Santana Amado , Peñate Wenceslao , Álvarez-Pérez Yolanda , Ramos-García Vanesa , González-Pacheco Himar , Goya-Arteaga Libertad , Bonis-Braun Miriam de , González-Martín Silvia , Ramallo-Fariña Yolanda , Serrano-Aguilar Pedro
Published: February 2021

Background. Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is one of the most prevalent health problems worldwide. Besides metabolic and cardiovascular complications, nearly one in four patients with T2DM suffer from comorbid depression and it has been reported higher incidence and prevalence of anxiety disorders. Beyond metabolic and cardiovascular risk improvement, empowering patients could contribute to mental health and quality of life enhancement. This Systematic Review (SR) aims to analyze and synthetize the evidence about the effect of patient empowerment on anxiety, depression and health-related quality of life (HRQOL).Methods. A SR of the literature will be conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. The review will include studies reporting the effect of patient empowerment on anxiety, depression or HRQOL in patients with a T2DM diagnosis. We will use the following databases: Medline, Embase, PsycInfo and Cochrane Library. Additionally, the database searches will be supplemented by searching through citations and references. Literature searches, identification of eligible studies, data extraction, and bias assessment will be undertaken independently by at least two researchers. All disagreements will be resolved by an independent third reviewer. If heterogeneity between studies is too high or it is not possible to conduct a meta-analysis, a narrative analysis of the study results will be provided.Discussion. Existing evidence suggest that empowerment-based strategies significantly improve knowledge, anxiety and depressive levels, self-care, and motivation; contributing to increase HRQOL in patients with T2DM. The results of this SR will provide a deeper understanding on the relationship between patient empowerment and psychosocial outcomes in T2DM.Systematic review registration: PROSPERO CRD42020192429.
Mentorship on malaria microscopy diagnostic service in Ethiopia: Baseline competency of microscopists and performance of health facilities
Authors: Gidey Bokretsion , Nega Desalegn , Abera Adugna , Abebe Abnet , Mekasha Sindew , Tasew Geremew , Haile Mebrahtom , Dillu Dereje , Mehari Degu , Assefa Ashenafi , Liknew Wondimeneh , G/tsadik Abeba , Mohammed Hussien , Woldie Ermias , Getachew Tsegaye , Ararso Desaelegn , Yenealem Dereje , Kebede Adisu , Etana Kebede , Kedida Gizachew , Solomon Hiwot , Tollera Getachew , Woyessa Adugna , Abate Ebba
Published: February 2021

Background: In Ethiopia, malaria cases are declining as a result of proven interventions and in 2017, the country launched a malaria elimination strategy in targeted settings. Accurate malaria diagnosis and prompt treatment are the key components of the strategy to prevent morbidity and stop the continuation of transmission. However, the quality of microscopic diagnosis in general is deteriorating as malaria burden declines. Therefore, this study was carried out to evaluate the competency of microscopists and the performance of health facilities on malaria microscopic diagnosis.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from August 1st to September 30th, 2019 in nine regional states and one city administration. A standard checklist was used for on-site evaluation, archived patient slides were re-checked, and proficiency of microscopists was tested using WHO certified slides from the national slide bank at the Ethiopian Public Health Institute (EPHI). The strength of agreement, the sensitivity, the specificity, and the positive and negative predictive values were calculated.Results: In this study, 102 health facilities (84 health centers and 18 hospitals) were included; from which, 202 laboratory professionals participated. In slide re-checking, moderate agreement (Agreement: 76.0%; Kappa: 0.41) was observed between experts and microscopists on malaria detection in all health facilities. The sensitivity and specificity of routine slide reading and the re-checking results were 78.1% and 80.7%, respectively. Likewise, positive predictive value of 65.1% and negative predictive value of 88.8% were scored in the routine diagnosis. By panel testing, a substantial overall agreement (A: 91.8%; K: 0.79) was observed between microscopists and experts in detecting malaria parasites. The sensitivity and specificity in the detection of malaria parasites was 92.7% and 89.1%, respectively. Furthermore, in identifying species, a slight agreement (A: 57%; K: 0.18) was observed between microscopists and experts. Conclusion: The study found significant false positive and false negative results in routine microscopy on slide re-checking of Plasmodium parasites. Moreover, reduced grade in parasite species identification was reported on the panel tests. Therefore, implementing comprehensive malaria microscopy mentorship, in-service training, and supportive supervision are the key strategies to improve the overall performance of health facilities in malaria microscopy.
Increased aperiodic gamma power in young boys with Fragile X Syndrome is associated with better language ability
Authors: Wilkinson Carol , Nelson Charles A
Published: February 2021

Background: The lack of robust and reliable clinical biomarkers in Fragile X Syndrome (FXS), the most common inherited form of intellectual disability, has limited the successful translation of bench-to-bedside therapeutics. While numerous drugs have shown promise in reversing synaptic and behavioral phenotypes in mouse models of FXS, none have demonstrated clinical efficacy in humans. Electroencephalographic (EEG) measures have been identified as candidate biomarkers as EEG recordings of both adults with FXS and mouse models of FXS consistently exhibit alterations in resting state and task-related activity. However, the developmental timing of these EEG differences is not known as thus far EEG studies have not focused on young children with FXS. Further, understanding how EEG differences are associated with core symptoms of FXS is crucial to successful use of EEG as a biomarker, and may improve our understanding of the disorder. Methods: Resting-state EEG was collected from FXS boys with full mutation of Fmr1 (2.5-7 years old, n=11) and compared with both age-matched (n=12) and cognitive-matched (n=12) typically developing boys. Power spectra (including aperiodic and periodic components) were compared using non-parametric cluster-based permutation testing. Associations between 30-50Hz gamma power and cognitive, language, and behavioral measures were evaluated using Pearson correlation and linear regression with age as a covariate. Results: FXS participants showed increased power in the beta/gamma range (~25-50Hz) across multiple brain regions. Both a reduction in the aperiodic (1/f) slope and increase in beta/gamma periodic activity contributed to the significant increase in high-frequency power. Increased gamma power, driven by the aperiodic component, was associated with better language ability in the FXS group. No association was observed between gamma power and parent report measures of behavioral challenges, sensory hypersensitivities, or adaptive behaviors. Limitations: The study sample size was small, although comparable to other human studies in rare-genetic disorders. Findings are also limited to males in the age range studied. Conclusions: Resting-state EEG measures from this study in young boys with FXS identified similar increases in gamma power previously reported in adults and mouse models. The observed positive association between resting state aperiodic gamma power and language development supports hypotheses that alterations in some EEG measures may reflect ongoing compensatory mechanisms.
Stellungnahme der GMK-Landesgruppe Baden-Württemberg zur Medienbildung im Kindergarten
Authors: Baden-Württemberg GMK-Landesgruppe
Published: February 2021

Ausgabe 11 / 2008Themenschwerpunkt: Medienbildung in der frühen Kindheit
Editorial
Authors: Niesyto Horst
Published: February 2021

Ausgabe 12 / 2009Themenschwerpunkt: Medien in der Lehrerbildung
„… einfach mal ausprobieren …“
Authors: Betz Joachim , Duphorn Frank , Schleser Herbert
Published: February 2021

Ausgabe 12 / 2009Themenschwerpunkt: Medien in der Lehrerbildung
BILDung kommt von BILDern – Foto- und Filmpädagogik mit 2. Klässler*innen im Projekt dileg-SL.
Authors: Schlör Katrin
Published: February 2021

Visuelle Kommunikationsformen nehmen eine große Bedeutung im Alltag von Kindern bereits im Grundschulalter ein. Bislang finden jedoch foto- und filmpädagogische Ansätze nur wenig Anwendung in der Grundschule. Doch wie können Kinder Bildkompetenz erlangen? Welche Chancen liefern Methoden der aktiven Medienarbeit bei jungen Schülerinnen und Schülern mit wenig schriftsprachlichen Kenntnissen? Nach einer Einführung in die Methodik und Zielsetzung aktiver Medienarbeit und Bildpädagogik stellt dieser Artikel das Projekt „Lebens.Lern.Raum Rosensteinschule“ als Teil des Entwicklungsprojekts „Digitales Lernen Grundschule –Stuttgart/Ludwigsburg“ vor. Im Schnittfeld schulischer und außerschulischer Bildung werden in diesem Beitrag Konzepte und Erfahrungswerte von Foto- und Filmpädagogik mit Schüler*innen einer zweiten Klasse vorgestellt und diskutiert.
Datenschutzrechtliche Aspekte der Unterrichtsvideographie – Herausforderungen und Strategien am Beispiel des Entwicklungs- und Forschungsprojekts „Digitales Lernen Grundschule“.
Authors: Rymeš Robert , Iberer Ulrich
Published: February 2021

Videoerhebungen im Zusammenhang von Unterrichtsentwicklung und pädagogischer Forschung kommen immer häufiger zum Einsatz. Der Beitrag vertieft die datenschutzrechtlichen Aspekte bei solchen Videografie-Projekten und zeigt am Beispiel des Entwicklungs- und Forschungsprojekts „Digitales Lernen Grundschule“ mögliche Vorgehensweisen auf. Die zentrale Herausforderung und Aufgabe besteht darin, im Konflikt zwischen der Wissenschafts- und Forschungsfreiheit (GG Art. 5) sowie dem allgemeinen Persönlichkeitsrecht (GG Art. 3) Wege zu finden, die beide Seiten gleichermaßen berücksichtigen und dabei sowohl die Interessen der Forschenden als auch das Recht auf informationelle Selbstbestimmung der zu untersuchenden Population (Schülerinnen und Schüler plus ggf. deren gesetzlichen Vertreterinnen und Vertreter) wahren. Deutlich wird, dass der Schlüssel für ein erfolgreiches Videografie-Projekt darin liegt, kontinuierlich auf eine informierte Vertrauensbasis zwischen den Forschenden, der Schule sowie den Eltern und – nicht zuletzt – den Schülerinnen und Schüler hinzuwirken.
Adaptive digitale Kulturtechniken im inklusiven Unterricht – Wegmarken zur Sensibilisierung und Qualifizierung von Lehrkräften.
Authors: Filk Christian
Published: February 2021

In dem vorliegenden Aufsatz wird für eine inklusiv-mediale Aus- und Fortbildung von Lehrer*innenplädiert. Im strukturellen Umbruch zur digitalen, wissensbasierten Netzwerkgesellschaft postuliert er einen dezidiert emanzipatorischen Ansatz gesellschaftlicher Teilhabe für alle durch Bildung. Auf Grundlage des erziehungswissenschaftlichen Forschungsstandes koppelt der Verfasser strukturell Positionen der Allgemeinen Pädagogik, Schul-, Medien- und Sonderpädagogik mit Blick auf Schule und Unterricht, sodass inklusive Bildung medial und Medienbildung inklusiv begriffen werden. Dabei stellt er Wegmarken einer interprofessionellen Umsetzungsperspektive für eine forcierte Sensibilisierung und Qualifizierung von Lehrkräften in zentralen Kontexten zur Diskussion.
Medialer Habitus und medienpädagogische Professionalisierung von Lehrer*innen.
Authors: Dertinger Andreas
Published: February 2021

Im vorliegenden Artikel wird das Konzept des medialen Habitus theoretisch diskutiert. Den Ausgangs-punkt hierfür bildet der aktuelle Diskurs über den Habitusbegriff in der Soziologie und der Erziehungswissenschaft. In diesen Disziplinen finden sich unterschiedliche Begriffsverständnisse des Habitus. Diese werden als mögliche Ansatzpunkte gesehen, mit denen das Konzept desmedialen Habitus geschärft werden kann. Auf diesen Überlegungen aufbauend, wird der mediale Habitus unter professionstheoretischer Perspektive betrachtet, um neue Sichtweisen auf das Konzept des medialen Habitus zu eröffnen. Im Besonderen werden zwei Aspekte thematisiert: Es wird die Möglichkeit der Habitus-transformation als wichtiges Element des Professionalisierungsprozesses diskutiert und es wird die Frage nach dem Passungsverhältnis gesellschaftlicher (Kompetenz-)Anforderungen und individueller Habitusstrukturen gestellt.
Reference standards for soils cultivated with Urochloa brizantha and its use in nutritional diagnosis
Authors: Cavalcanti André Cayô , Partelli Fábio Luiz , Gontijo Ivoney , Chiquieri Julien , Braun Heder
Published: February 2021

The Diagnosis and Recommendation Integrated System (DRIS) is a tool to assess the nutritional state of plants. Due to the decrease of soil fertility in pasture areas and little information about fertilization recommendations, the nutritional reference norms for soil and sufficiency range can be useful tools to help future fertilization. Norms DRIS has been proved efficient as a method for nutritional diagnosis in several crops. However, there are a lack of information on the use of DRIS and sufficiency range for Latosols and Acrisols cultivated with Urochloa brizantha. Thus, the objective of the present study was to establish reference nutritional norms using sufficiency ranges and DRIS norms for Latosols and Acrisols cultivated with Urochloa brizantha and their use in nutritional diagnosis. Soils samples from 20 Urochloa brizantha pastures sites of the North of Espírito Santo State were used to establish the reference norms, and a further 85 soils samples were randomly collected for diagnosis analysis, in order to characterize nutritional condition of pastures. DRIS norms and sufficiency ranges were established for Latosols and Acrisols cultivated with U. brizantha pastures. The differences found between soil norms for other Brazilian regions allow us to infer that the norms should be used only in the conditions in which they were developed. Our results suggest that using DRIS norms and sufficiency ranges developed on the basis of soil analysis revealed deficiency of P, B, Cu, and Zn in more than 40% of the pastures cultivated with U. brizantha and 47% of the areas needed liming.
Effects of liming on the growth and nutrient concentrations of pitaya species in acidic soils
Authors: Reis Letícia Alves Carvalho , Cruz Maria do Céu Monteiro , Silva Enilson de Barros , Rabelo Josimara Mendes , Fialho Cintia Maria Teixeira
Published: February 2021

With the increasing demand for pitaya orchard management information to achieve high productivity and commercial quality fruits, liming practice is fundamental since most Brazilian soils are acidic. This study aims to assess lime requirements of Typic Quartzipisamment and Haplorthox soils to calculate tolerated aluminum saturation, desired base saturation, calcium and magnesium requirements to cultivate two pitaya species; Hylocereus undatus and Hylocereus polyrhizus. Two independent experiments were conducted in a greenhouse, organized in a 2 x 4 factorial scheme. Treatments were distributed in randomized blocks with five replications. Treatments of the first experiment corresponded to H. undatus and H. polyrhizus and four lime requirements, 0; 0.8; 1.2 and 1.7 t ha-1 cultivated in Typic Quartzipisamment. Treatments of the second experiment corresponded to H. undatus and H. polyrhizus and four lime requirements, 0; 1.3; 2.0 and 2.8 t ha-1 cultivated in Haplorthox. Shoot and root dry matter, chemical soil attributes and shoot nutrient concentrations were measured. Regression equations were adjusted for each variable, according to the lime requirements of both soils providing the highest dry matter yield in both pitaya species. H. undatus and H. polyrhizus cultivated in Typic Quartzipisamment produced more dry matter when the aluminum saturation was between 13% and 16%, base saturation 70% and the calcium and magnesium requirement 2.5 cmolcdm-3. H. undatus and H. polyrhizus cultivated in Haplorthox produced more dry matter when the aluminum saturation was between 1% and 4%, base saturation between 55% and 70%, and calcium and magnesium requirement 3.0 cmolcdm-3.
Customer Loyalty: The Difference between Full-Service Carriers and Low-Cost Carriers in Indonesia
Authors: Soelasih Yasintha , Sumani Sumani
Published: February 2021

The research aimed to look at the differences in customer loyalty on domestic Full-Service Carriers (FSCs) and Low-Cost Carriers (LCCs) in Indonesia. The differences were shown from testing the effect of service quality on customer loyalty mediated by customer satisfaction and behavioral intention to use. Respondents were FSCs and LCCs passengers. Samples were taken by purposive sampling. There were 522 respondents for FSCs and 529 respondents for LCCs were observed by distributing questionnaires. Then, the research tested the validity and reliability of the variables using Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA), Composite Reliability (CR), and Average Variance Extracted (AVE). Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was also applied to examine the hypothesis. The results show the formation of customer loyalty from service quality, customer satisfaction, and behavioral intention to use on FSCs and LCCs. The most significant factor is the behavioral intention in forming customer loyalty in FSCs and LCCs. Meanwhile, customer satisfaction does not influence customer loyalty for FSCs and LCCs.
The Staff of the St. Petersburg Office of the State Bank and Their Salaries
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Morozan Vladimir V.
Published: February 2021

The article deals with the problems of staffing of the St. Petersburg office of the State Bank and their employees’ salaries. This topic has not been researched in the national and foreign historiography, which excluded the possibility of referencing previously published works. The article is based on the record keeping documents from the Russian State Historical Archive. St. Petersburg office of the State Bank was established in 1894, being a part of the Corporate Administration of the main credit institution of the country. It was one of the largest local branches of the bank that executed the largest credit operations in the country. For this reason, the staff of this office was the most numerous and the most compensated in terms of pay. At the end of 1896 it comprised 463 full-time employees, while 54 more candidates were on the wait list for possible vacancies. Meanwhile the remaining branches and offices of the bank together had a staff of slightly less than 700 people. In addition to full-time employees, there were in the capital branch of the State Bank numerous support staff, including information security workers, brochure makers, janitors, security guards, laundresses and others. Salaries of officials of this unit were the highest. Although formally the official payment in the bank was established by law and in general was the same for all employees of the bank in all its branches; the corporate office of this institution paid their employees more generously by means of bonuses.
Paavo Kontkanen and his Role in Normalization of Relations between the Russian and Finnish Orthodox Churches
Authors:   St. Petersburg Theological Academy, Nikitin, episcopus Siluan
Published: February 2021

The interrelations of the Russian and Finnish Orthodox Churches in the 20th century are dramatic and poorly studied by Russian historians. This article, on the basis of materials from the State Archives of the Russian Federation and studies into church history translated from Finnish, attempts to evaluate the role of Dr. Paavo Kontkanen, an active member of the Finnish Archdiocese, in the relations between these two Churches. He exemplified a change in the attitude of the National Orthodox Church of Finland towards the Russian Church, historically kyriarchal, in the second half of the previous century. Dr. Paavo Kontkanen, being for a long time a member of the collegiate administrative body of the Finnish Archdiocese, the Church Administrative Council, with permission from Archbishop Herman (Aav) started negotiations with the leadership of the Russian Orthodox Church on a private level. Having archieved understanding with the chairman of the Department of External Church Relations, Metropolitan Nicholas (Yarushevich), Kontkanen considered the possibility of reunification of the Finnish Church and the Russian Church only for a short period, before receiving the status of Autocephalous Local Church from Moscow. Kontkanen’s actions enable to regard him as a conductor of Finland’s ecclesiastical interests aimed at rapprochement with the Soviet Union. It can be proved by Kontkanen’s close contacts with the President of Finland, Urho Kaleva Kekkonen, and his ability to defend interests of the “pro-Russian” part of the clergy and the Finnish Orthodox Church in the face of the state and the Church Council.
The Development and the Demise of Protestant Provincial Schools in Inner Austria
Authors:   University of Ljubljana, Vidmar Tadej
Published: February 2021

This paper analyzes and clarifies motivations and reasons for a short but intensive development of the secondary level of schooling followed by a sudden end, especially of the so-called Provincial schools, in three Inner Austrian lands (Carniola, Styria and Carinthia) in the 16th century. The situation regarding the organization of schooling in the 16th century was incomparable with the situation in the states headed by the Protestant rulers. Nevertheless, a type of Protestant gymnasium emerged here, which was called Provincial school (Landschaftsschule) and which also required some prior elementary knowledge for enrollment. For each of the three lands — Carniola, Carinthia and Styria — the establishment of the Provincial School was the first actual opportunity for the foundation of a central institution providing not only elementary knowledge, but also higher levels of education partly comparable to the curricula of the faculties of arts. Unfortunately, at the end of the 16th century, the development of the Provincial Schools was forcibly stopped. The article is based upon a thorough analysis and comparison of the relevant primary and secondary sources (in Latin, Slovene, German and English). The results show that all three school underwent similar phases of development and the same sudden termination, despite different inner circumstances, material foundations and time frame. In any case, the three Provincial Schools played an important part in the development of humanistic education on the territory of modern Republic of Slovenia and the Republic of Austria.
Foreign Intelligence and Pharmaceutical Industry in Poland. Part 1
Authors:   Institute of National Remembrance, Sikora Miroslaw
Published: February 2021

In the 1960s, Polish society was still not affected by lifestyle diseases to such a large extent as in the developed countries of Western Europe. However, the statistics on cancer and cardiovascular diseases started to rise in the 1970s, along with dynamic economic development of Poland under communist party’s secretary Edward Gierek. Meanwhile, the government of the People’s Republic of Poland could not afford to invest simultaneously in all critical sectors of the economy. Particular priority was given to capital-intensive automotive and electronics industries as well as to traditional but important for Polish exports of raw materials (copper, coal). In the 1980s, as a result of the Cold War escalation along with the subsequent tightening of the strategic embargo by NATO states, and — finally — because of the gigantic foreign debt, the financial resources of Poland were reduced almost to zero. The lack of funds for research and development in the field of pharmacy and biotechnology was to be compensated for by an illegal transfer of know-how from the OECD area. Polish foreign intelligence services had already considerable experience in the field of purchasing technical documentation on the black market. In the 1970s, at least a dozen or so antibiotic manufacturing technologies were clandestinely obtained in the West and passed on to the Polish R&D and industry. The article examines the involvement of Polish intelligence in the transfer of medicines, active substances and other pharmaceutical products (including medical equipment) to Poland. The “socially useful” function of communist secret services becomes a fascinating problem in this context. The article is partly based on the documents produced or collected by the Polish foreign intelligence service in 1960–1990, which have been declassified and are now accessible to the public in the Archive of the Institute of National Remembrance.
Images of Europeans in the Chinese Woodblock Book Huangqing zhigongtu
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Samoylov Nikolay A. , Mayatskiy Dmitriy I. ,   St. Petersburg State University
Published: February 2021

This article explores the Chinese historical and ethnographic work of the second half of the 18th century “Illustrated tributaries of the Qing Empire” (“Huangqing zhigongtu”). This book provides rich material for a systematic analysis of the views of the Chinese about European countries during the reign of the Qing Dynasty (1644–1911). Twenty eight images and descriptions of a number of European nations — Russians, Poles, Hungarians, Swedes, the English, the Dutch, etc. — which were found in the book, have been identified, classified, and analyzed. A range of issues and problems related to the content of the descriptions has been established and compared with the illustrations from the book. The article pays particular attention to identifying and explaining the anthropological and socio-cultural stereotypes that shaped the image of Europeans in China. The authors of this paper have found out that due to Catholic missionaries the Chinese compilers of “Huangqing zhigongtu” must have had enough information about Europe in the first part of the Qing period. Nevertheless, they made a large number of mistakes when describing the geographical location of several nations and relations between some of them. They also misunderstood some habits, traditions or anthropological features of their inhabitants. On the other hand, the compilers were more accurate and precise with regard to political and trade activities of the Europeans in China or near its frontier. Studying the “Huangqing zhigongtu” can shed light not only on important factors that formed the general picture of the Chinese worldview, but also contribute to a better understanding of motives that determined the foreign policy of the Qing Empire.
Disputes about Imposed and Made-up Versions
Authors:   Central Archive of the City of Moscow, Sokolova Nataliya A. , Lebedeva Ekaterina Yu. ,   Institute of Archaeology RAS
Published: February 2021

The article is dedicated to the analysis of the work by Natalia Potapova “Speaking from their cells: discourse and political strategies of the Decembrists” published in 2017. The main argument of the author is that the investigation falsified the existence of the secret society, and the accused agreed with it as they believed they could express their political views in that way. Both sides of the process, as well as Emperor Nicolas I, at the same time were mostly concerned with the European press. The choice of sources in the book is quite peculiar. Natalia Potapova, criticizing Soviet researchers who focused only on the cases with most radical confessions, is very selective herself. She analyses only the primary interrogation centered around secret society membership. Аll the Decembrists’ memoirs telling about the secret societies are deemed unreliable, and all the historical documents on the topic written before 1825 are treated as non-existing. The materials of the European press, predominantly the British, are widely used in order to model the Russian public opinion as the author believes we lack other information about it. Examining the methods, arguments and conclusions of the author, this article demonstrates that the author’s conception is not convincing, not provedб and contradicts the sources. The author’s interpretation of the last is often arbitrary and not based upon the source study, and it uncritically projects the modern situations and beliefs to the beginning of the 19th century. Thus, the work by Natalia Potapova is not, in the strictest sense, a historical research.
Reflections on the Medieval and Early Modern Insular Identities
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Fyodorov Sergey E. , Levin Feliks E. ,   National Research University Higher School of Economics
Published: February 2021

The article reflects on the monograph by Sparky Booker Cultural exchange and identity in late medieval Ireland: The English and the Irish of the four obedient shires (Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 2018) which offers a revised perspective on the issue of assimilation and acculturation in late medieval Ireland on the basis of the material of the four obedient shires: Dublin, Meath, Louth, and Kildare. The scholar presents a complex and multi-faceted image of interethnic interplay in the region distinguishing between cultural and legal dimensions. She demonstrates that cultural practices were not the main resource of identity in the late medieval Ireland in which political allegiance and descent were prioritized. She highlights two aspects: the discursive level and the level of everyday interaction. Despite the obvious merits of the book, the material presented there requires more theoretical consideration of the issue of medieval identities. The authors of the article argue that the situation of interethnic interplay in the four obedient shires described by Booker could have been suitable for the emergence of consensual identity. Having coined this term, the authors define it as the type of identity which originates in the situation of interethnic interplay; entails intercultural switching; and has supragentile character, i.e., not insisting on common descent. The discourse of consensual identity did not emerge in the four shires during the period under consideration because of the absence of common subjecthood of the English and the Irish as well as prevalence of gentilism but its full potential was realized during the Early Stuarts.
Trophic status, phytoplankton diversity, and water quality at Kafr El-Shinawy drinking-water treatment plant, Damietta
Authors: Deyab Mohamed , El-Adl Magda , Ward Fatma , Omar Eman
Published: February 2021

This work aims to study the seasonal fluctuation in physicochemical characteristics, trophic status, and some pollutants influencing phytoplankton diversity, and water quality at a compact Kafr El-Shinawy drinking-water treatment plant, Damietta – Egypt seasonally during 2018. Phytoplankton distribution was affected by the trophic status of water, level of pollutants, and physicochemical treatment processes of water. The predominance of phytoplankton species, especially Aphanizomenon flos aquae (Cyanophyta), Gomphosphaeria lacustris (Cyanophyta), Microcystis aeruginosa (Cyanophyta), Nostoc punctiforme (Cyanophyta), Oscillatoria limnetica (Cyanophyta), Pediastrum simplex (Chlorophyta), and Melosira granulata (Bacillariophyta) in treated water was much less than that in raw water. Trihalomethanes (THMs) levels in treated waters were higher than in raw water, while lower concentrations of heavy metals were recorded in treated water. Intracellular levels of microcystins were lower, whereas the extracellular levels were higher in treated water than raw water, and the former recorded the highest level in raw water during summer. Hence, the levels of dissolved microcystins and THMs in treated water were higher especially during summer, the season of luxurious growth of Microcystis species. Trophic state index (TSI) was relatively high in raw water compared with treated water due to high concentrations of nutrients (total-P, total-N, nitrite, nitrate, and ammonia) in raw water.
Tadeusz Karszo – Siedlewski – senator II RP
Authors: Żaryn Jan
Published: February 2021

W latach 1939-1945 zginęło lub zmarło blisko 300 parlamentarzystów II RP, w tym 155 senatorów. Jednym z nich był Tadeusz Karszo-Siedlewski (1893 – 1939), herbu Ogończyk, senator IV i V kadencji (od 1935 r.), przed wojną znany przemysłowiec. Brał udział w wojnie 1920 r. za co otrzymał Krzyż Virtuti Militari. Był też działaczem gospodarczym, m.in. członkiem Rady Centralnego Związku Polskiego Przemysłu, Górnictwa, Handlu i Finansów „Lewiatan”, od 1936 r. prezesem Związku Polskich Hut Żelaznych. Był też dobroczyńcą dla Kościoła Ewangelicko-Reformowanego (kalwińskiego). We wrześniu 1939 r. nie opuścił stolicy, został delegatem Komendanta Głównego Straży Obywatelskiej. Ciężko ranny po nalotach niemieckich w mieście zmarł 26 IX 1939 r. i jest pochowany na cmentarzu kalwińskim w Warszawie.
Divan Şiirinde “Nân-pâre” Kavramı ve Bu Kavramın Divan Şairleri Tarafından Kullanımı
Authors: Albayrak Sak Vesile
Published: February 2021

Osmanlı’da padişahtan müneccime vezirden çizmeciye çok çeşitli meslek mensubu insan genelde sanatla özelde şiirle uğraşmış; hem sayıca çok hem de zevkte çeşitlilik arz eden eserler ortaya çıkmıştır. İçinde bulunulan sosyal ve ekonomik koşullara bağlı olarak yardıma ihtiyaç duyan şairler padişah ve şehzade başta olmak üzere geçimi ile ilgisi olan alt veya üst kademedeki kişilere hatta varlıklı kişilere başvurmuştur. Padişah ve devletin ileri gelenlerinin lutfuna mazhar olarak geçimini sağlayıp durumunu düzeltmeye uğraşan bu şairler kaside, gazel, kıt’a vb. eserler kaleme alarak in’âm, ihsân, atâ, lütuf, bahşiş, câize gibi kavramlarla yardım talep etmişlerdir. Bu kavramlardan biri de “nanpâre”dir. Ekmek parçası, ekmek dilimi anlamındaki ifade mecazen geçimini sağlayacak iş, memuriyet, gelir anlamında kullanılmış; zor durumda olan şairlerimiz içinde bulundukları geçim sıkıntısını anlatmada bu kavramı tercih etmişlerdir. Çalışmamız nân ve pâre kelimelerinden oluşan bu kavramın divan şairlerimiz tarafından hâllerinin arzında hangi anlamlarda ve nasıl kullanıldığını ortaya koymayı amaçlamaktadır.
Syntheses and Antitumor Properties of Furoxan Derivatives
Authors: Ramazani Ali , Karimi Masoud , Hosseinzadeh Zahra , Rezayati Sobhan , Hanifehpour Younes , Joo Sang Woo
Published: February 2021

Cancer is the second leading cause of death in Iran, next to heart disease. Current
therapy suffers from the major limitations of side effects and drug resistance, so the characterization
of new structures that can be power-selective and less-toxic anticancer agents is the
main challenge to medicinal chemistry research. Furoxan (1,2,5-oxadiazole-2-oxide) is a crucial
compound with many medicinal and pharmaceutical properties. The most important aspect
of furoxan is the nitric oxide (NO) molecule. One of the most essential furoxan derivatives,
which could be utilized in medicinal goals and pharmaceutical affairs, is benzofuroxan.
Furoxan could be described as a NO-donating compound in a variety of reactions, which
could also appear as hybridised with different medicinal compounds. This review article presents
a summary of syntheses and antitumor properties of furoxan derivatives as possible
chemotherapy agents for cancer. Furoxan can inhibit tumor growth in vivo without any side
effects in normal cells. Furthermore, due to NO-releasing in high levels in vivo and a wide
range of anticancer compounds, furoxan derivatives and especially its hybridised compounds could be considered as
antitumor, cytotoxic and apoptosis compounds to be applied in the human body.
Synthesis, Molecular Docking, BSA, and In Vitro Reactivation Study of
Imidazopyridine Oximes Against Paraoxon Inhibited Acetylcholinesterase
Authors: Thakur Ashima , Patwa Jayant , Sharma Abha , Flora Swaran Jeet Singh
Published: February 2021

Aim:

To synthesize and evaluate the fused heterocyclic imidazopyridine oxime as a reactivator against paraoxon inhibited acetylcholinesterase.

Background:

Organophosphorus compounds (OPs) include parathion, malathion, chlorpyrifos, monocrotophos, and diazinon which are commonly used in agriculture for enhancing agricultural productivity via killing crop-damaging pests. However, people may get exposed to OPs pesticides unintentionally/intentionally via ingestion, inhalation or dermal. The current treatment regimen includes reactivator such as mono or bis-pyridinium oximes along with anticholinergic and an anticonvulsant drugs are recommended for the treatment of OP poisoning. Unfortunately, the drawback of the existing reactivator is that owing to the permanent charge present on the pyridinium makes them inefficient to cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and reactivate OP-inhibited central nervous system (CNS) acetylcholinesterase. Therefore, there is a need of reactivator that could cross the BBB and reactivate the OP inhibited acetylcholinesterase.

Objective:

The objectives of the study were synthesis, molecular docking, BSA binding and in-vitro estimation of oximes of various substituted imidazo [1,2-a]pyridine against paraoxon inhibited acetylcholinesterase.

Method:

The reactivators were synthesized in three steps and characterized using various spectroscopic techniques. Molecular docking study was performed on 2WHP and 3ZLV PDB using Autodock tool. The acid dissociation constant (pKa) of oximes was calculated experimentally and drug-likeness properties of the oximes were calculated In silico using mole inspiration and Swiss ADME software. The binding of oximes with bovine serum albumin (BSA) was also investigated by UV-Vis spectrophotometer. The reactivation potential of the oximes was determined by in vitro enzymatic assay.

Result:

in-silico study inferred that synthesized molecules fulfilled the parameters that required for a successful CNS drug candidate. Further, in-vitro enzymatic assay indicated reasonable reactivation potential of the oximes against paraoxon-inhibited AChE. The binding of oximes with bovine serum albumin (BSA) revealed static quenching of intrinsic fluorescence of BSA by oxime. The binding constant value and number of binding sites were found 0.24 mol-1 and 1 respectively.

Conclusion:

The results of study concluded that this scaffold could be used for further designing of more efficient uncharged reactivators.
Character education strategies in improving students' spiritual intelligence
Authors: Suhifatullah M. I. , Sutarman Sutarman , Thoyib Mastur
Published: February 2021

Education is an effort to foster student character. Purpose Want to know the character education management strategy in increasing the spiritual intelligence of students. The research method used qualitative instruments, namely (1). Focus (2). Observation and interviews (4) Data analysis collection. Conclusion: (1). Environmental observations at three schools have conducted a SWOT analysis (2). Formulation of a strategy regarding the vision and mission, based on the values of faith (3). Strategy implementation with intra and ecurricular based programs (4). Strategy evaluation serves to monitor learning (5). The learning strategy management process is very conducive. Implication (1). Strategic application has implications for the awareness of all school residents (2). The process of positive habituation has implications for school culture (3). The implementation of full day school has implications for the creation of a school with character (4). Enforcement of discipline has implications for the commitment to school management.
Macrostep formation and step dynamics faceted by discontinuous surface tension
Authors: Akutsu Noriko
Published: February 2021

Crystalline structures are a fundamental part of both the natural and man-made world and are broadly defined as anything with a highly ordered and regular structure at a microscopic level. Professor Noriko Akutsu from the Faculty of Engineering, Osaka Electro-Communication University,
Japan, is an expert in understanding the dynamics of crystal formation, particularly at crystal surfaces. Akutsu is working to understand the fundamental nature of crystal growth and structure. This work is a multidisciplinary project that requires expertise in physics, materials science and
engineering. Akutsu uses a variety of models as well as a variety of physical techniques to uncover the intricacies of crystal growth.
Producción de semilla de plátano de calidad en manos de pequeños productores: Experiencias y lecciones aprendidas con la asociación Asproara, del municipio de Palestina (Caldas), y la cooperativa Coopramar, del municipio de Marsella (Risaralda)
Authors: Wagner-Medina Erika V. , Vargas Ramos Luz Andrea
Published: February 2021

Este libro expone el proceso de dos organizaciones de pequeños productores del Eje Cafetero: la Asociación de Productores Agropecuarios y Comercializadores de Arauca (Asproara), del municipio de Palestina (Caldas), y la Cooperativa de Productores Agropecuarios de Marsella (Coopramar), del municipio de Marsella (Risaralda) siendo objeto del acompañamiento del Plan Semilla (PS) durante el periodo 2014-2018 asumieron los retos e incertidumbres que esto traía para su fortalecimiento. Ninguna de ellas había trabajado hasta entonces en un proyecto que implicara seguir un ejercicio de proyección dirigido a conformar un modelo de negocio que las posicionara en su zona de influencia como multiplicadores de semilla de calidad. Esta carencia motivó a dos grupos de dichas organizaciones (Coliplátano y La Primavera), a sortear los retos que implicaba establecer una unidad de producción de semilla. La documentación de la experiencia se llevó a cabo en 2017, en el marco de talleres para seguir las complejas interacciones que se daban entre actores, características locales y factores socioeconómicos y culturales. Las experiencias arrojaron aprendizajes significativos ya que dieron lugar a reglas organizativas, discursos técnicos y arreglos financieros para el mantenimiento de unidades de producción de semilla de plátano.
Recomendaciones tecnológicas para el cultivo de plátano con destino a mercados especializados: Densidades de siembra, fertilización y picudos
Authors: Cardona William Andres , Morales Osorno Huberto , Bautista Montealegre Luis Gabriel , Ospina Parra Carlos Eduardo , Valencia Montoya Jorge Alberto , Bolaños Benavides Martha Marina , Contreras Santos José Luis , Londoño Bonilla Mauricio de Jesús , Monroy Cárdenas Diana Marcela
Published: February 2021

El cultivo de plátano (Musa AAB), de gran importancia para la economía regional y nacional, así como de valor estratégico para la seguridad alimentaria en diversas regiones del país, es un sistema de producción que agrosavia ha investigado para generar tecnologías que respondan a las demandas de la cadena y que mejoren la sostenibilidad del sistema. Los resultados de investigación, mediante procesos de validación y ajuste, se convierten en tecnologías que deben ser conocidas, probadas y apropiadas por productores y asistentes técnicos, es decir, son una fuente importante para mejorar el desempeño de los sistemas de producción, no solo para contrarrestar las limitantes técnicas y productivas, sino también para generar impactos socioeconómicos positivos tanto en los productores y sus familias, como en toda la cadena de valor de plátano en el país.
Accuracy of the Standard GlucoNavii Mentor in Blood Glucose Monitoring According to International Organization for Standardization 15197:2013 Criteria
Authors: Hwang Heeyoung , Leonardi Luca , Nicolucci Antonio
Published: February 2021

This study was performed to assess the system accuracy of the blood glucose monitoring system SD GlucoNavii Mentor (SD Biosensor Inc, Korea). The study procedures were based on International Organization for Standardization 15197:2013, in that capillary blood samples from 100 participants’ fingertips were measured with three reagent system lots of the self-monitoring blood glucose system. Samples were collected for comparison measurements on a hexokinase-based glucose analyzer (Cobas Integra400 Plus, Roche Instrument Center, Switzerland). Glucose concentrations were distributed as required by International Organization for Standardization 15197. For each of the 100 evaluable samples, duplicate measurements were taken from three different reagent lots, for a total of 600 measurements. Overall, 98.3% (590/600) of individual measurement results (185/186, 99.5% for glucose values <100 mg/dl and 405/414, 97.8% for glucose values ≥100 mg/dl) were within ±15 mg/dl or ±15% of the corresponding comparison method results. All results (100%) fell into the consensus error grid zones A and B, indicating only clinically acceptable results. In conclusion, the blood glucose monitoring system SD GlucoNavii Mentor device fulfilled the system accuracy criteria of the International Organization for Standardization 15197, indicating measurement accuracy sufficient for diabetes therapy.
Reccomendations on Selecting The Topic of Student Thesis Concentration using Case Based Reasoning
Authors: Utami Annisaa , Suyanto Yohanes , Sihabuddin Agus
Published: February 2021

Case Based Reasoning (CBR) is a method that aims to resolve a new case by adapting the solutions contained in previous cases that are similar to the new case. The system built in this study is the CBR system to make recommendations on the topic of student thesis concentration.               This study used data from undergraduate students of Informatics Engineering IST AKPRIND Yogyakarta with a total of 115 data consisting of 80 training data and 35 test data. This study aims to design and build a Case Based Reasoning system using the Nearest Neighbor and Manhattan Distance Similarity Methods, and to compare the results of the accuracy value using the Nearest Neighbor Similarity and Manhattan Distance Similarity methods.               The recommendation process is carried out by calculating the value of closeness or similarity between new cases and old cases stored on a case basis using the Nearest Neighbor Method and Manhattan Distance.  The features used in this study consisted of GPA and course grades. The case taken is the case with the highest similarity value. If a case doesnt get a topic recommendation or is less than the trashold value of 0.8, a case revision will be carried out by an expert. Successfully revised cases are stored in the system to be made new knowledge. The test results using the Nearest Neighbor Method get an accuracy value of 97.14% and Manhattan Distance Method 94.29%.