bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ANALYSIS OF LEVEL OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE KNOWLEDGE ECONOMY TO THE EUROPEAN UNION
Authors: Warzecha Katarzyna , Odlanicka-Poczobutt Monika , Kulińska Ewa
Published: November 2022

The aim of the research and analysis is to group and organize the EU countries because of the level of development of the knowledge-based economy using the latest statistical data. Ranking the EU countries based on a measure of development Z. Hellwig, will check whether the states surveyed over nine years have improved or worsened their position in terms of the level of development of the knowledge economy. The use of cluster analysis allowing the isolation of groups of European countries with a similar level of economic development based on knowledge.  To visualize multidimensional data Chernoff faces were used. The sample period was the years 2003 and 2013. The statistical data came from the Eurostat website and the calculations were made with Statictica and Excel computer programs.
RETAIL TRADE IN POLAND. PART 1: THE CONSOLIDATION, AS THE LEADING ASPECT OF THE EVOLUTION OF THE TRADE
Authors: Kozłowski Wojciech , Michalak Jacek
Published: November 2022

Identify the key factors influencing the state and condition of the retail trade in Poland and the changes that have occurred in the market structure in the last several years, were the aim of the paper. An analysis of the potential of the Polish retail trade show that its distinctive feature was the growing sales while at the same time decreasing its dynamics in recent years. The current situation of the retail trade is resulting largely initiated in years 90 of last century of privatization and restructuring processes, the consequences of which revealed in the area of trade activities, as well as in market structure. Consolidation can be considered as the most important phenomenon of the transformation of retail trade in Poland. A visible manifestation of consolidation was the increasing market concentration (the dominance of large stores in the sales value) and the increasing importance of traditional shops associated with the changing model of consumer behavior and joining stores to the retailers franchise network.
EFFICIENT ORGANIZATION FOR PUBLIC GOODS PROVISION - BASED ON THE EDUCATIONAL SECTOR IN POLAND
Authors: Polcyn Jan , Stępień Sebastian
Published: November 2022

The problem of quantifying public goods (PGs), and measuring efficiency of organization providing PG it is one of the most complex question of public choice theory. Unfortunately, there is no  common methodology of research in that area, and universal methods of quantification and valuation of public goods do not exist. Therefore, the main objective of this article is to develop a universal methodology for measuring the quality and quantity of public goods, as well as the efficiency of organization responsible for their provision in different sectors of the economy. The article is, however, not only methodological discussion. Authors have attempted to apply the developed methodology to investigate the process of providing public goods in the education sector in Poland, choosing as a case study Wielkopolska region.
MARXIAN ABSOLUTE RENT IN THE PARADIGM OF SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE – HAS HISTORY COME FULL CIRCLE?
Authors: Czyżewski Bazyli , Polcyn Jan
Published: November 2022

The economic globalisation process makes economic factors rotate faster. There arises the crucial question of whether the land factor is still capable of generating economic rents ? On one hand, D. Ricardo’s land rents are vanishing, on the other, the land factor is gaining new, environmental applications. It provides public goods, which are a crucial element of the new paradigm of agricultural development. In conditions of irreversible accumulation of capital in the anthropogenic environment, new land utilities may appear without any additional input of capital or labour, and, as public goods, they are mostly financed from subsidies for agriculture under the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP). This paper aims to present the evolution of land rents theory and to answer the question of what is the nature of contemporary land rent ? The author attempts to test the modern theory of land rent using input-output matrices for different sectors of agribusiness and chosen EU countries. He demonstrates the hypothesis that capital productivity in agriculture is higher than in other sectors of agribusiness, but not for the reason of exploiting labour (as was the case in Marxian theory) but thanks to the occurrence of intrinsic land utilities which are valorised.
RELATION BETWEEN PRICES OF FOOD PRODUCTS AND AGRICULTURE PRODUCTS AS AN ELEMENT OF ASSESS THE ECONOMIC TRENDS IN POLISH AGRICULTURE
Authors: Płonka Aleksandra , Paluch Łukasz
Published: November 2022

The paper was created to assess the values and trends for changes in prices of basic agricultural products (produce) and food products on domestic markets that affect the condition of agriculture and agricultural producers. The relationships were evaluated between retail prices of food and prices of agricultural produce, i.e. price scissors, the author studied the strength of impact of procurement prices on retail prices of food (the degree of correlation between prices received by farm producers and prices paid by food consumers), and defined the prevailing directions of change. It was determined through the analysis that the share of the value of agricultural produce in retail prices of an average food basket is decreasing, and the higher degree of processing of produce deepens the disproportion (the gap) between the producer's prices and retail prices paid by consumers. These tendencies, negative for agricultural producers, were supported by analysis of rates of changes of farm produce prices and retail food prices. It was determined on the basis of the trending function that the variations of current prices for all the studied types of farm produce and food products exhibited a long-term increasing tendency, accompanied by seasonal and economic fluctuations. However, the increases of final product prices were in most cases substantially higher than the increases of raw material necessary for its production.
DEVELOPMENT CONDITIONS OF FARMS SPECIALIZED IN PLANT PRODUCTION BASED ON THE EXAMPLE OF WARMIA AND MAZURY VOIVODESHIP
Authors: Ławrynowicz Jakub Arkadiusz , Bełdycka-Bórawska Aneta
Published: November 2022

In the region of Warmia and Mazury voivodeships improvement of agrarian structure is noticeable and there is a growing number of large-scale farms. Sustainable part of those farms specializes production only in plant production. The study was conducted among 48 owners of farms, where 2/3 part of standard farm production was plant production, in order to discover their development conditions. Thesis's theoretical part presents production potential features analysis of voivodeships farms in comparison to national data. The study showed that the main development opportunity was financial help from European Union while on the other hand the strongest development barrier was high prices of production factors. Regarding to the study economical conditions were far more crucial for farm development. In the near future farm owner are willing to invest in modern agriculture machinery. The majority of respondents doubt profitable running of their farms in the future without financial help from European Union.
THE RETURNABLE SOURCES OF FINANSING DEVELOPMENTAL ENTERPRISES OF LOCAL SELF - GOVERNMENT ON THE EGZAMPLE OF POWIAT MINSKI
Authors: Nowak Małgorzata
Published: November 2022

This paper points out the problem of finacing developmental enterprises by powiats. It is the important issue, as the insufficient level of powiat’s own revenue results in increasing role of returnable sources in financing developmental enterprises. The aim of this paper is to attract attention to the  growing debt problem in powiats. For analysis the egzample of powiat minski is used. The analysis are based on data contained in reports of the implementation of powiat minski budget for the period 2004 – 2014, statistical data of GUS, consolidated data of the Ministry of Finance, literature and legal acts. On this basis it was concluded that powiat’s debt was relatively low, howewer, grew in very dynamic pace. The debt repayment will be charged to future budgets. This leads to the conclusion that powiat may have problem with the financing of the local investment tasks in the future if not increases it’s income potential.
THE ROLE OF THE EU SUPPORT IN DEVELOPMENT OF INLAND WATERWAY SHIPPING IN POLAND, AND THE KUJAWSKO-POMORSKIE PROVINCE
Authors: Zajdel Małgorzata , Michalcewicz-Kaniowska Małgorzata , Wielewska Izabela , Prus Piotr
Published: November 2022

The aim article was to evaluate and compare certain statistics regarding inland waterway shipping in Poland. The authors of the analysis were particularly interested in the number of carried passengers and available passenger capacity in 2010-2014. What is more, the general characteristics of the inland waterway shipping in Poland were outlined, including examples of the main projects funded or co-funded by the European Union. The 2010-2013 secondary data from the Central Statistical Office was used to create a multi-dimensional statistical analysis, including such phenomena as the absolute and relative value increase, phenomenon change patterns, individual single-base and chain dynamics indices. It was noted that, in comparison to 2010, the number of passengers were increasing from 2011 to 2013. The research also proved that with the EU financial support, inland shipping in Poland and in the kujawsko-pomorskie province has a strong development potential. Transport is one of the fast-developing branches of the country's economy, and there is still a growing demand for its services. However, the role of passenger transport should receive more attention.
LAW ASPECTS OF QUALITY AND SAFETY OF HONEY
Authors: Siemianowska Ewa , Kucińska Adrianna , Wesołowski Andrzej , Barszcz Agnieszka , Kolankowska Ewelina , Anders Andrzej
Published: November 2022

Any regulations regarding the production of honey became stricter afer Poland has entered the European Union. However, in case of sugar levels or HMF(5-hydroxymethylfurfural) the regulations got reduced. In many beekeeping farms, even though the laws were transformated, the process of obtaining honey did not change at all. Honey keeps its good quality thanks to abiding the Polish Norm’s requirements on honey PN-88/A-77626. Lowering the standards in the countries belonging to European Union puts the Polish honey on a pedestal. Because of the tradition of Polish beekeeping, the apiarists with years of expierience do not see the necessity of changing something which is already good. High quality of the product do not require any huge changes in the process of obtaining honey.
FORMS OF TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER PROCESSES IN HIGH-TECH MANUFACTURING SECTOR IN POLAND
Authors: Tylżanowski Roman
Published: November 2022

Technology transfer is one of the most important factors influencing the innovation of modern economy. These processes refers to transfer or acquisition of technological solutions. For this purpose enterprises can use various forms of technology transfer. In a competitive economy not only R&D expenses are important but also their focus on technical progress. Enterprises from high-tech manufacturing sector are more intensively involved in the process of acquiring technology than in the processes of their transmission. The most popular forms of technology transfer in this group of enterprises are: purchase and sale of machinery and technical equipment, provision and purchase of licenses, informal contact with other enterprises as well as acquisition and transfer of know-how. Enterprises from high-tech manufacturing sector should intensify efforts aimed at technology transfer which will improve the efficiency of the whole economy.
IMPROVING PARADIGM OF MARKETING RESEARCH (RETROSPECTIVE, PROSPECTIVE AND PASSIVE METHODS)
Authors: Dworak Janusz
Published: November 2022

New methods of marketing studies increase the possibility of obtaining  information. Taking into account that the respondent is a representative of strong formalized organization and local  communities, his characteristics and preferences can be move to other members of the group. Wider research perspective let us to collect  more data in less time, which determine significant reduction of the  survey cost.
PROCESS AND ORGANIZATIONAL INNOVATIONS IN TRAVEL COMPANIES - IDEA OF THE PROJECT
Authors: Kulińska Ewa , Odlanicka-Poczobutt Monika , Warzecha Katarzyna
Published: November 2022

The aim of the publication is to present the idea of the project "The effective transfer of knowledge from science to industry in Opole Province." The presented material is an attempt to analyze process and organizational innovation introduced in travel companies and the general goals of transportation and its importance in the national economy. The goals of application of the system GPS - Global Positioning System - were also discussed. To verify this objective, theoretical research tools were used, such as: analysis, synthesis, generalizations, comparisons.
PATENT PROTECTION AS A STRATEGIC TOOL FOR MODERN ENTERPRISES
Authors: Wściubiak Łukasz
Published: November 2022

The main purpose of the patent system is to ensure protection of valuable technological knowledge and thus to provide incentives to creative effort and investment in R&D. However, patents are more intensively used by enterprises for various other strategic reasons, eg. attracting potential investors and partners, blocking competitors, generate licensing revenues or creating positive image of the company. As a result, the patent strategies of modern enterprises are becoming broader and more complex. The aim of this paper is to present opportunities and challenges related to the use of patent protection mechanisms as a strategic tool for modern enterprises. The study provides also a literature review on strategic use of patents and indicates the most promising directions for further research in this area.
GAMIFICATION FOR SALES INCENTIVES
Authors: Woźniak Jacek
Published: November 2022

Gamification as a use of game mechanisms for motivation in non game contexts has an increase popularity and is priced as a hottest subject in management. However there are few research on gamification in compensation systems, specially for sales-force. The article discussed some problems of compensation systems for different types of sales representatives, as well as limitation of agency theory as a theoretical basis for creation of adequate incentive systems in contemporary sales function of organization. The results of questionnaire study based on opinion of 100 sales representatives from technological companies about psychological (level of risk acceptance) and contextual factors (long sales-cycle and low need for income) that facilitate acceptance of draw based incentive systems for group and individual bonus are described.
AN IMPORTANCE AND A COHERENCE OF MEDICAL AND FINANCIAL KNOWLEDGE IN PUBLIC HEALTH FACILITIES (SPECIALIZED HOSPITALS) MANAGEMENT
Authors: Szwiec Małgorzata
Published: November 2022

The aim of the paper is to emphasize significiance of knowledge coherence in financial and medical area in a public health facilities. In the analysis of this topic, attempt was made to clarify the issue of knowledge coherence. Considerations indicate, also factors (solutions), that conductive to  implementing the knowledge coherence. The key part of this paper is also detailed retrospection of barriers, that could have an impact on knowledge coherence in healthcare management. This paper contains also same examples from cancer center about using medical and financial knowledge in the treatment process.
THE DESIGN OF PRODUCTS/SERVICES WHICH TAKE CUSTOMER'S PREFERENCES INTO ACCOUNT WITH THE USE OF KANO METHOD
Authors: Szeliga – Kowalczyk Anna , Łabaza Anna
Published: November 2022

The article presents two-dimensional application of Kano method, which, on the one hand – is used for customer satisfaction surveys, on the other – to determine the individual characteristics of the customer and to refer their importance in the process of product quality perception. In the first part of the article Kano method has been presented in theoretical terms, which makes it possible to implement it in any organization irrespective of the sector or industry.  The second part is a practical example of using Kano questionnaire by one of travel agencies to improve the quality of its services.
REALIZATION OF THE SUSTAINABLE PACKAGING IDEA. CASE STUDIE FROM POLISH AND EUROPEAN MARKET
Authors: Kawecka Agnieszka
Published: November 2022

The idea of ​​sustainable development translates into all industries, including the packaging industry. Sustainable packaging taking into account from the one hand, the need to protect the product from quantitative and qualitative losses, as well as the needs of consumers in respect of communication and the convenience of using the packaging, on the other hand, a high degree of realizing the need to minimize the negative impact of packaging on the environment. The paper presents examples of packaging, implementing, at least in part, the assumptions of sustainable packaging.

Attention was paid to aspects relating to packaging materials - the use of packaging materials or  materials additives from renewable sources and recycled materials. Signaled issues of materials suitable for organic recycling including compostable. Moreover it concerns the most important aspects of the design and construction of packaging that incorporated, significantly reduce the environmental impacts of packaging, particularly highlighted the potential for reducing the weight of packaging, while maintaining an appropriate level of protection for the packaged product.
INFORMATIONS ABOUT CSR ACTIVITIES AND OTHER SYMBLIC GAINS AS A TOOL FOR EMPLOYER BRANDING FOR CANDIDATES OF DIFFERENT GENDER
Authors: WOŹNIAK JACEK
Published: November 2022

Employer brand is influence not only by functional gains that employee get from being an employee, but as well by symbolic ones. The symbolic gains results in emotional and identity changes, and some activities connected with Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) should increase employer attractiveness in e-recruitment. The article presents results of a questionnairestudy based on opinion of 1054 young Poles concerning the perception of firm‘s attractiveness as an employer based on information about its CSR activities and some other fact, which could be interpreted as symbolic gains. The data shows that information about any detail of work condition increase the attractiveness of the potential employer, not excluding CSR information. However, as in some other studies, no gender difference was found.
COMPARISON OF DEMOGRAPHIC STRUCTURE POLISH IN THE YEARS 1964-1988 WITH THE PERIOD 1989-2013
Authors: KOWGIER HENRYK
Published: November 2022

The aim of the article was to examine, compare and determine the causes of the demographics of Polish in the years 1964-1988 and 1989-2013.To carry out the study used real data taken from the Statistical Yearbook of the Central Statistical Office of 2015. In the paper the statistical analysis regarding these periods. Appropriate conclusions finish work.
YOUNG PEOPLE IN THE LABOR MARKET IN POLAND - BARRIERS AND OPPORTUNITIES
Authors: LISZKA MAGDALENA , BARWIŃSKA-MAŁAJOWICZ ANNA
Published: November 2022

Unemployment is a phenomenon that affects the individual, the family and society. Job loss and difficulty in finding a new cause in humans pessimism and apathy, health problems and financial. No possibility of raising income for their work is one of the main sources of poverty and social exclusion. Polish youth education is an essential component of intellectual capital. The resources contained in human capital, structural, social and relational can be a source of current and future welfare of the country.
THE ASSESSMENT OF THE FULFILLMENT THE REQUIREMENTS CONCERNING MANAGEMENT RESPONSIBILITY IN QUALITY MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS IN FOOD INDUSTRY ENTERPRISES
Authors: SZKIEL AGATA
Published: November 2022

One of the factors that determine the quality management system effectiveness is the commitment of the top management to the development, implementation and continually improving of the system. In the work there have been presented the results of the researches dealing with fulfillment the requirements concerning management responsibility in quality management systems in accordance with PN-EN ISO 9001:2009 standard by the enterprises in food industry. In this work there have been mentioned some nonconformities in relation to the requirements of PN-EN ISO 9001:2009 standard concerning management responsibility and observations relating to this requirements, formulated during the external audits of the quality management systems realised by the auditors from the certification bodies. The obtained results confirm that management should first and foremost improve compliance with the requirements concerning responsibility, authority and communication and management review.
TOWARDS BIG DATA PARADIGM
Authors: GRZESZCZYK TADEUSZ A. , KUCHARSKA AGNIESZKA
Published: November 2022

The objective of this publication is to provide a general overview of research related to Big Data that may, in the future, result in the formulation of the concept of Big Data paradigm. It was assumed that the key are two other paradigms: Knowledge-Based Economy and Sustainable Development. The scope of discussion relates primarily to the relations between potentiallypossible Big Data paradigm and Sustainable Development paradigm. Economic and social aspects were presented as a complement to the technological aspect, which is usually cited as the primary one in the context of Big Data.
CORPORATE GOVERNANCE AND NON - EXECUTIVE DISCLOSURES THE CASE STUDY OF SOME FTSE100 COMPANIES
Authors: HERDAN AGNIESZKA , STUSS MAGDALENA M.
Published: November 2022

Corporate governance has become increasingly important phenomenon. The necessity of improvement the efficiency of the board of directors and appointment of executive directors (NEDs) has become significantly important. It is clear that NEDs play significant role in efficient corporate governance. They expertise and links can bring benefits to the firm. But the full engagement of the NED is required to take full advantage of those attributes.
SUPPLY MANAGEMENT VERSUS VALUE OF ENTERPRISE
Authors: Kukurba Maria
Published: November 2022

Main issue of this paper is to discuss the relationship of supply management with corporate strategy and value management. The starting point for the analysis is data survey concerning on the role of purchases in Polish enterprises conducted in 2008 and 2011 years. To assess the results of this survey it was introduced deductive approach based on literature review and were used some models like Porter's value chain, Norton's and Kaplan's strategy map and map of value drivers. Finally it was discussed, using EVA model, what is the influence of value drivers of supply management on final value of enterprise from strategic and operational perspective. Main issue is that paying too little attention by Polish managers to strategic supply management have detrimental effect on long term value creation of the enterprise.
THE USAGE OF MUNICIPAL COMPANIES IN PUBLIC MANAGEMENT – COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE PROVINCIAL CAPITAL CITIES
Authors: MADRAS TOMASZ
Published: November 2022

The subject of the paper is the scope of use of municipal companies by provincial capital cities in Poland. These companies run in all mentioned cities, but play different roles. There can be distinguished different types of companies commonly occurring in all large municipalities, but there are also other, which operate only in certain locations. The analysis demonstrates that the choice of local governments concerning the strategy of creation and use of companies does not depend only on the size of each cities. It is rather the mayor’s political decision whether the system of municipal companies is only for basic tasks, or consists of a multitude of subjects involved in atypical for local sphere of action.
PROBLEMS IN CONTACTS WITH LOCAL OFFICIALS REPORTED BY LOCAL ENTERPRENEURS
Authors: Warzocha Zbigniew , Grzybowska-Brzezińska Mariola , Fadrowska Katarzyna
Published: November 2022

The main objective of the research is to identify, analyse and evaluate the quality of services offered by local administration and level of satisfaction of local entrepreneurs and other stakeholders in terms of development prospects for investments.  The main problems include: long delays, lack of competence of the officials, absence of standards for handling various issues. Business sees the necessity for continuous bilateral efforts being made for improving the relations in order to build them mutually benefit. Officials expect honesty and assistance in solving problems.
ASSESSMENT OF FARMERS COOPERATION WITH FOOD INDUSTRY IN THE OPINION OF FARMERS AND MANAGERS
Authors: Żuchowski Ireneusz , Żach Piotr , Brelik Agnieszka
Published: November 2022

The aim of the study was to identify the causes and mechanisms of potato growers cooperation with the company PEPESS Lomza, as well as to assess this cooperation mostly from the potato grower point of view. The basic tool for the research was the questionnaire. The results of the study showed that potato growers assesses well the co-operation with the company and are interested in belonging to a group of potato producers, seeing the tangible benefits.
LOCATION AS A FACTOR OF THE GROWTH OF DEVELOPMENT ACTIVITY
Authors: Antczak – Stępniak Agata
Published: November 2022

The studies conducted by the author indicate the significance of location for the growth of development activity. Foreign literature also emphasises the impact of this factor on the possibility of the growth of development activity. Location is often understood as the position of the real property in the given city. This paper deals with the issue of the “external” location, i.e. the developers' choice concerning the location of their undertakings in particular cities. Each city has its own characteristics and defined specificity which can encourage or discourage developers to undertake an activity in this particular city. In this context, the goal of the paper is an attempt to define the best and the worst location among Polish province capitals for development activity using taxonomic methods.
AUDIT OF INTELLECTUAL CAPITAL IN RETAIL COMPANY – THE CASE STUDY
Authors: Beyer Karolina
Published: November 2022

The purpose of this article is to present the results of research in the field of audit of intellectual capital conducted in Polish retail company listed on the Warsaw Stock Exchange.

Methodology –The study was conductedusing a suitablequestionnaireandweresupplemented bydirectinterviewwith the chiefmanagement andanalysisof the internal documentation of the enterprise.

Findings - The result ofthe studywas to obtaina full picture ofthe stateof intellectual capitalin examined retail company as well as thepresentation of the recommended actionsfor the process of intellectual capital management

Originality/value –Intellectual capital, todayone of themost important resourcesin the enterprises,is in Polishbusiness entitiesundervalued. The studywas aimed atintellectual capitalaudit, onthe basis of whichsubsequentlyit is possibleto formulateindividual activities thatmay contribute to theincrease in the valueof intellectual capital,and thustoincrease the valueof  the enterprise.
THE ROLE OF MANAGEMENT IN HUMAN RESOURCES CONTROLLING (SELECT ASPECTS)
Authors: Kuźniarska Aneta , Stuss Magdalena M.
Published: November 2022

The article is has presented the role of leadership in the planning, design and implementation of personnel control in the organization at different levels of management. Depending on the management roles are more or less detailed, and require different competencies. Invariant is a constant need for supply managers up-to-date information necessary for decision making.  The article described the division of roles including division controlling on strategic and operational, and to detail the tasks associated with this type of controlling.
DATA DRIVEN MANAGEMENT IN HUMAN RESOURCES MANAGEMENT
Authors: Wawer Monika
Published: November 2022

The management in the XXI century is related to the occurrence of the information technology. At the same time widespread computerization of almost all business processes enabled the application of the new approach in business management called the data driven management.

The aim of the paper is to analyze the possibilities of using this concept in the contemporary enterprise, with particular emphasis on the area of human resources. The first part of the article presents the essence of this concept. Next, the importance of possession of the competences by the employees in this area has been discussed. The main part of the article includes considerations relating to the use the data driven management in the area of human resources.
INNOVATION LEVEL IN SOCIAL CAPITAL AND COOPERATION ASPECT
Authors: Będzik Beata , Łoś-Tomiak Anna
Published: November 2022

The evolution of economies makes the change of determinants of socio-economic development. The innovation has become more and more popular in recent years. The article presents that innovation will not be a high level grow without a high quality of social capital and its important component - the cooperation. The article presents that a high quality social capital and its important component - the co-operation improve the innovation. The aim of this paper is to present selected issues of innovation and an indication of the relationship with social capital as an important determinant of innovation. The paper presents one component of social capital, ie. cooperation and its impact on innovation.
BUILDING AWARENESS OF THE ROLE OF KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT IN ORGANIZATIONS
Authors: Figurska Irena
Published: November 2022

This article is devoted to the problem of building awareness of the role of knowledge management in organizations. In the first part of the article the essence of knowledge management by defining this concept, discussing the knowledge management processes, presenting the benefits of KM and identifying barriers to KM is described. Then the importance of building awareness of the role of KM for the competitiveness of organizations operating in the knowledge-based economy is justified. The article also presents the author's model of building awareness of the role of KM showing the path from knowledge through understanding and acceptance to awareness.Then the results of the survey leading to a conclusion that employees have limited knowledge of the knowledge management and limited awareness of the role of KM are presented.
DILEMMAS FINANCING ACTIVITIES OF CLUSTERS AGRI-FOOD SECTOR
Authors: Chorób Roman
Published: November 2022

The main objective of this paper is to show the actual and potential sources of financing determining the initiation and operation of innovative integration links in agribusiness. The financial system determines not only sustainable, but also future dynamic expansion of cluster initiatives. In turn, properly functioning structures clustered affect the competitiveness of the region, as well as local economic development, regional and international. To achieve the outlined method was used descriptive, comparative and causal. The work is a theoretical and cognitive has been enriched by the results of their own empirical research conducted in 2015 in the province of Podkarpackie. The study included the managing four clusters the only agri-food sector operating in the study area.
TRAINING OF THE CROSS-CULTURAL COMMUNICATION WITH CONDITION OF PROGRESS IN RELATION BETWEEN "ONE'S" AND WITH "STRANGERS"
Authors: Stankiewicz Dariusz
Published: November 2022

The process of communicating with "strangers" is accompanied by uncertainty, and often fear, which is the reason for the lack of tolerance and discrimination. Way to put in order relations with people of different cultural and systematic training activities, known under the name of training intercultural communication training Purpose: equip participants the knowledge, skills and attitudes that ensure effective communication between "insiders" and "outsiders" and the formation of mikrokultury or culture of the community. Condition for the successful building mikrokultury is crossing the borders of their own culture while preserving the consciousness of his personality, while opening others. The article presents the authors offer exercises in the context of learning intercultural communication.
RDP 2014-2020 PRIORITIES IN THE RANGE OF SUPPORT INSTRUMENT AND NUMBER OF PLANNED INDICATORS
Authors: Mickiewicz Bartosz , Mickiewicz Antoni
Published: November 2022

W opracowaniu przedstawiono nowe grupowanie działań i poddziałań poprzez pryzmat priorytetów. Zgodnie z rozporządzeniem PE i Rady z 2013 r. wyodrębniono 6 priorytetów, dla których ustalono cele strategiczne. Następnie do każdego priorytetu podporządkowano działania (poddziałania), oraz planowane wskaźniki produktu, otrzymując układ zadań podporządkowanych priorytetom. Najwięcej środków skoncentrowano w priorytecie 2 poświęconym rentowności i konkurencyjności gospodarstw rolnych (30,1%) oraz w priorytecie 4 związanym z odtwarzaniem, chronieniem i wzmacnianiem ekosystemów (31,8%). Pod względem liczbowym największy zakres poczynań odnotowano w priorytecie 4 związanym z odtwarzanie, chronienie i wzmacnianie ekosystemów. Najmniejszy zakres poczynań występuje w priorytecie 1.

Łączny poziom wsparcia działań PROW 2014-2020 wynosi 13,5 mln euro, w tym 8,6 mln euro środków w pozycji EFRROW.
SOME REMARKS ON SYMMETRIC GROUPS OF CERTAIN ECONOMIC SIZES AND SURFACES OF EQUILIBRIUM
Authors: KOWGIER HENRYK
Published: November 2022

The first aim of this study was to assygnation a point symmetry group of vectors from {0,0,0}   R3 used in economics and point group symmetry of scalar product of two vectors from {0,0,0}  R3 used in economics. According to E. Noether, these economic size deal with certain behavioral laws. The second aim of this study was to approximate the Archimedes spiral equation in parametric form, which simulates the vortex motion of the vector [pi,qi,ti] on the surface of the cone economic equilibrium.
THE IMPACT OF INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENT ON THE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF SIEDLCE
Authors: KACPRZAK TOMASZ , NIEWĘGŁOWSKI MAREK
Published: November 2022

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of infrastructure spending on the Sustainable Development of Siedlce. An attempt was made to verify the hypothesis of a positive impact of infrastructure investment on the Sustainable Development of the City of Siedlce. In order to achieve this purpose an analysis of selected investments by the city of Siedlce in 2010-2015 was performed. There was also conducted a study (free interview) with the spokesman of the City of Siedlce, the aim of which was to verify whether the individual investments satisfy the conditions for sustainable development. The research results indicate that the largest investments were made by the city of Siedlce with the idea of sustainable development. Worth mentioning is the fact that the respondent pointed all prerequisites for sustainable development both in the case of each of the mentioned investment, as well as the reasons that it is worthwhile to approach this issue complementary which means to verify if all the decisions as a whole are consistent with the provisions of the Development strategy. The hypothesis was therefore positively verified. This means that the money spent on infrastructure in Siedlce bring social, economic and environmental benefits.
LOGISTICS ORGANIZATION IN A DAIRY ENTERPRISES
Authors: BORUSIEWICZ ANDRZEJ
Published: November 2022

The research concerning the solutions for organization of logistics management in a district dairy based in Podlaski voivodeship was conducted in 2016.It was based on the analysis of the documents received and also on a direct interview with the employees of Logistics Department as a technique of gathering information in this dairy. The information regarding to logistics organization in a surveyed dairy proved that it is a modern and innovative plant. The introduction of integrated management system which enables better organization of material management, transport management and store mobile service has an impact on the development of logistics in the dairy. The logistics systems which has been introduced in the dairy enable to automate the process of taking orders due to the use of EDI and B2B Platform. The reasonable solutions which were introduced in the dairy enable to optimize the cost of production.
POLISH FRUIT MARKET IN 2010-2015 TRENDS AND CHANGES
Authors: RYSZ MARIA , SZYMAŃSKA ELŻBIETA JADWIGA
Published: November 2022

The aim of the study was to examine the changes in fruit market in the years 2010 and 2015. The analysis was based on data collected in the statistical publications of the Central Statistical Office of Poland, reports provided by the Institute of Agricultural Economics and Food Economy - National Research Institute, as well as other bibliographic items. It should be noted that, in the study period, there was a decrease in the fruit cultivation branch, which did not result with a drop in the harvest, but an increase. In the fruit harvest dominate apples, cherries, plums, strawberries, raspberries and currants. There was also a significant increase in the harvest of blueberries. It can be seen that there is a growing tendency among Polish people for the consumption of fruits and fruit products, especially processed products and juices. Important is the fact that the fruit harvest in particular years depends heavily on the atmospheric conditions.
CHARACTERISTICS OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN RURAL AREAS OF THE VOIVODESHIP OF PODLASIE
Authors: PYTEL ELŻBIETA , ŻERO SYLWIA
Published: November 2022

Entrepreneurship in rural areas is an important part of country development. Nevertheless, starting and running a company there is more challenging than in urban area. In recent years a more or less dynamic development of rural communities can be observed. Podlaskie voivodeship is one of the regions with largest share of rural areas. For over a decade, an increase in number of enterprises can be observed which positively affects standard of living and financial situation of residents as well as allows for improvement of infrastructure and regional development. Enterprises started and run in rural areas tend to have specific characteristics. Large part of business is connected to agricultural and food industries as well as agritourism. The process of merging of small stores into larger structures occurs while some of them decline in favour of huge retailer networks. Economic policies of both national and local authorities play a big role on these areas. Joining the EU also proved to have a significant impact. Promoting entrepreneurship in rural areas is important from the regional point of view. Development of these areas that make up for large part of the region will positively affect economic development in broad sense as well as will beneficially impact the residents in many ways.
NETWORK STRUCTURES IN AGRICULTURE - IN THEORY AND PRACTICE
Authors: BUCHOWSKI PAWEŁ , BRODZIŃSKA KATARZYNA
Published: November 2022

At the work they made analysis and the evaluation of the functioning of network structures in the farming in the context of integration connections horizontal on the example of Groups of farming producers (GPR) and of formed institutional connections supported as part of the Common Agricultural Policy (WPR - CAP). A literature on the subject and available data of the Agency for Restructuring and Modernisation of Agriculture were an object of analyses (ARiMR) applying GPR. to sum up deliberations were stated substantial role of the network paradigm in management studies and strong situating him in structuralism, the strategic management and the theory of transactions cost. Also progressing integration was observed in the agricultural environment giving major benefits.
EVALUATION OF MARKETING FACTORS IMPACT ON CONSUMER PERCEPTION OF COSMETICS WITH HONEY
Authors: ŻAK NATALIA , PRZYBYŁOWSKI PIOTR
Published: November 2022

Tools used in createing brand of a product are designed to increase sales and to establish consumer attachment to that brand. As a result though, those can contribute to increase of the price of the product as well. In the rapidly growing cosmetics market, manufacturers are competing against each other to reach as many potential consumers as possible. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine criteria used by consumer in selecting natural cosmetics with of honey. In addition, an attempt was made to determine the need for marketing tools (advertising, promotion, branding) used in sale of natural cosmetics with honey. The research group consisted of 198 randomly selected female women living in the Pomeranian region. Main factors taken into account during purchase of natural cosmetics with honey are primarily their quality characteristics (composition, smell, effect on the skin), then its brand and advertising. Price is often pointed as a factor in choosing cosmetics. In the instance of natural cosmetics with honey, it can be stated that these products don’t require high cost of creating a brand and promoting final product, that is usually aimed at attracting new consumers.
INNOVATIONS IN MARKETING OF TOURIST SERVICES ON SELECTED EXAMPLE
Authors: BOJANOWSKA AGNIESZKA , DZIEDZIC MILENA
Published: November 2022

This Article applies innovative tools in the marketing of tourist services of narrowing down to the marketing of historic buildings. This topic will be discussed at the example of a water mill located in the village Wygnanowice in Lublin province. As the purpose of the article assumes the designation of innovative promotional activities for the historic building. In preparation for the article was conducted observation in this historic building and an interview with its current owner. In this paper, based on the available knowledge, observations and research carried out in the example a historic building, shown selected forms of promotion that can attract tourists to the historic building and can afford to build lasting relationships with his visitors. Particular emphasis was placed on forms of promotion used on the Internet because they are currently the most innovative and the most efficient on the market of tourist services.
ROLE OF UNION FUNDS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF SOCIAL COMPANIES IN POLAND
Authors: MISZTAL ANNA
Published: November 2022

A social enterprise is an institution aimed at realization of social goals. This article show the role of EU funds in the development of social enterprises. In the article, the following test methods: analysis of the literature in the field of social enterprise, analysis of source data relating to the functioning of the EU funds. The development of social enterprises to a large extent determined by the level of support from EU funds and their evolution indicates the importance of corporate social-down in the development of local communities. Article points out the framework and dynamics of EU funds as a source of financing social enterprises.
THE USE OF AID FUNDS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN RURAL AREAS IN POLAND
Authors: STEFAŃCZYK JOANNA , GOLNIK BARTOSZ
Published: November 2022

The paper deals with issues related to the use of aid in rural areas. It analyzes how these resources are spent and to what extent their use is justified. The challenges faced by rural areas are also being discussed and how the municipalities and rural administrations can handle them so as to encourage as many people to live in the villages and thereby develop them.
THE ROLE OF AGRICULTURAL EDUCATION IN THE AWARENESS OF THE STUDENTS FROM THE HIGHER SCHOOL OF AGRIBUSINESS IN LOMZA (WSA) AND WARSAW UNIVERSITY OF LIFE SCIENCES (SGGW)
Authors: BORUSIEWICZ ANDRZEJ , DROŻYNER-STAROWICZ PAULINA
Published: November 2022

The agricultural sector is a key element of economy. In order to compete with international agriculture highly educated farmers are needed. Numerous research show the correlation between farmers' education and farms income. The purpose of the study was to prove the role of agricultural education in the awareness of the students from the Higher School of Agribusiness in Lomza (WSA) and Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW). The survey was conducted in March 2015 among the students of Faculty of Agriculture of both universities mentioned above. The result shows that the vast majority of agriculture students consider agricultural education to be important and useful in running a farm. Most respondents are satisfied with their preparation by universities for work in agriculture.
DEFINITION AND NATURE OF TRUST IN BUSINESS RELATIONSHIPS
Authors: ZIELIŃSKI MAREK
Published: November 2022

The role of trust in business relationships is indisputable. Research on this phenomenon is related to different aspects. However, due to the complexity of the concepts and different theoretical backgrounds used in researches, it is difficult to capture the phenomenon of trust and its essence. Interest in the topic of trust in marketing and management is growing again. The growing number of studies and publications focusing on the role of trust in B2B marketing in leading scientific journals can be observed.The paper is a theoretical in its nature and is based on a review of literature from the field of business relations. The aim of the article is to introduce the concept of trust, its dimensions and dynamics, together with an indication of the research challenges in those areas.
MACROECONOMIC STABILITY IN POLAND OVER A DECADE
Authors: KUPIEC EWA , WIERZBICKA ANNA
Published: November 2022

The transformation of the Polish economy continues to draw attention to the conditions connected with its economic development, especially the conditions of running a business and the guarantee of macroeconomic stability in this respect. The article attempts to assess the level of macroeconomic stability of the Polish economy in 2004 and 2015, using the five-point macroeconomic stabilization method. The analysis made it possible to notice that during the analyzed period there was a marked improvement in the macroeconomic stability of the country, confirmed by the increase in the PSM index. Moreover, on the basis of the results obtained, it is possible to conclude that in the years to come one can expect a gradual process of macroeconomic stabilization.
BOOM TO THE PROMOTION ONLINE. THE INTERNET ADVERTISEMENT AS NEW ADVERTISING MEDIA
Authors: KUŚMIERZ KATARZYNA ELŻBIETA
Published: November 2022

The article examines the basic forms and characteristic features of online advertising which distinguish it from the other advertising media. The author has presented the structure of the online advertising market in Poland and its possible development in the future. The web advertisement is becoming a medium which will dominate the advertising market in Poland. The article discusses the theoretical and empirical material. The secondary sources have been used to write the article, namely scientific literature, empirical data from the IAB reports (AdEx/PwC), gemius AdReal as well as analyses obtained from wirtualnemedia.pl and interaktywnie.com.