bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Examining 4A’s Marketing Framework for Marketing Strategy Proposal of Medical Device Product to Increase Market Share: A Case Study of PT MM Indonesia
Authors: Anugerah Damairia , Rustiadi Sonny
Published: September 2024

The medical device industry has seen consistent growth recently, offering a wide range of therapies for various diseases. MM, a global leader in this sector with a subsidiary in Indonesia named PT MM INDONESIA, has shown significant growth in radiofrequency ablation (RFA) for varicose vein treatment, increasing by 108% in FY21 and 48% in FY22. This research focuses on enhancing market share through marketing strategy and business model innovation in cardiovascular therapy. Internal analysis tools include VRIO, stakeholder analysis, and STP, while external analysis utilizes PESTEL, Porter's Five Forces, and Competitor/Benchmarking Analysis. Validation employs the 4A’s Market Framework for marketing strategy formulation and the Business Model Canvas for proposing business model innovation. Qualitative methods are used, with primary data gathered through in-depth interviews involving internal and external stakeholders such as physicians, hospital management, business leaders, channel managers, and education specialists. Thematic analysis is conducted using NVivo 14 for qualitative data analysis, supplemented by secondary data from journals, articles, and books. Findings from the research indicate affordability and awareness as the key gaps based on the 4A’s framework, driving marketing initiatives in those areas. Business model innovation suggests transitioning to a 4PL approach for its long-term strategic impact and financial performance benefits.
КРИМІНОЛОГІЧНА ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКА ОСОБИ ЖІНКИ, ЯКА ПІДОЗРЮЄТЬСЯ В УЧИНЕННІ КОЛАБОРАЦІЙНОЇ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ
Authors: Пугач Світлана Іванівна
Published: September 2024

Мета. У статті поставлено за мету дослідження особливостей кримінологічної характеристики особи жінки, яка підозрюється в учиненні колабораційної діяльності. Методи. Для досягнення задекларованої мети й отримання належних результатів дослідження використано таку сукупність методів: логіко-юридичний, порівняльно-правовий, системно-функціональний, нормативно-догматичний, метод статистичного аналізу тощо. Результати та висновки. Кримінологічна характеристики жінки, яка підозрюється в учиненні колабораційної діяльності, охоплює такі елементи, як: ознаки, детермінанти, що впливають на рішення стати колаборанткою, мотиви й інші чинники, які формують її кримінальну поведінку. Кримінологічний портрет жінки, яка підозрюється в учиненні колабораційної діяльності, такий: громадянка України віком 29–54 роки з вищою, базовою або профільною середньою освітою, працездатна, здебільшого не працює, не має судимості, яка вчиняє колабораційну діяльність з ідейних та/або корисливих мотивів або під впливом соціально-економічних чинників чи фізичного та морального примусу. Розуміння елементів кримінологічного портрета жінки, яка підозрюється в учиненні колабораційної діяльності, сприятиме формуванню механізму запобігання таким кримінальним правопорушенням шляхом розроблення та впровадження програм запобігання колабораційній діяльності (зокрема, освітніх програм, спрямованих на підвищення обізнаності жінок про ризики та наслідки колаборації, програм реабілітації та ресоціалізації жінок-колаборанток). Також дослідження кримінологічної характеристики жінок-колаборанток збагачує кримінологічну науку та сприяє розвитку ґендерних досліджень у кримінології, що може бути використано правоохоронними органами, соціальними службами та неурядовими організаціями з метою розроблення та впровадження ефективних заходів протидії колабораційній діяльності тощо.
Ryzyko nieodłączne w procesach badania sprawozdań finansowych podmiotów leczniczych
Authors: Chluska Jolanta
Published: September 2024

Samodzielne publiczne zakłady opieki zdrowotnej (spzoz) sporządzają sprawozdania finansowe i poddają je badaniu przez biegłego rewidenta, zgodnie z przepisami ustawy z dnia 29.09.1994 r. o rachunkowości i ustawy z dnia 11.05.2017 r. o biegłych rewidentach, firmach audytorskich oraz nadzorze publicznym. Ryzyko nieodłączne towarzyszące działalności spzoz podlega analizie i ocenie zarówno przez kierownictwo jednostki, jak i biegłego rewidenta. Do skutków ryzyka nieodłącznego w spzoz kierownictwo nawiązuje w sprawozdaniu finansowym, ujawniając jego skutki, natomiast biegły rewident uwzględnia to ryzyko w całym procesie badania sprawozdania finansowego, w tym w opinii zawartej w sprawozdaniu z badania. Celem artykułu jest identyfikacja uwarunkowań ryzyka nieodłącznego w procesach badania sprawozdania finansowego spzoz. Problem badawczy dotyczący wpływu ryzyka nieodłącznego w spzoz na przebieg i efekty procesu badania sprawozdania finansowego przedstawiony został w dwóch perspektywach: podmiotu badanego – spzoz oraz biegłego rewidenta uwzględniającego ryzyko w planowaniu i realizacji działań audytowych.Jako narzędzia badawcze zastosowano analizę literatury przedmiotu, aktów prawnych, Krajowych Standardów Badania oraz analizę przykładowych sprawozdań finansowych oraz sprawozdań z badania wybranych spzoz. Wnioski z analizy krytycznej powinny posłużyć weryfikacji systemowych rozwiązań rachunkowości i audytu.
The Feminist Pioneer: Anna Raginsky and Her Impact on Canadian Jewish Activism
Authors: Barda Kobby
Published: September 2024

Anna Raginsky (1891-1981) was a transformative figure in Canadian Jewish activism. Raised in a family steeped in social causes, she became a leader in Zionist efforts at a young age. By 17, she held a leadership position in a Toronto Zionist council, and by 20, she was the first woman deputy president of the Toronto Zionist council. Throughout the 1920s and 1930s, Raginsky secured significant donations for pre-state Israel and championed groundbreaking projects. During World War II, her focus shifted to supporting European Jewry and the war effort. Her involvement in numerous organizations and lifelong commitment to Canadian Jewry and Israel cemented her place as a pioneer. Importantly, her leadership paved the way for a more prominent role for women in Canadian Jewish activism.
Solutions for nonhomogeneous degenerate quasilinear anisotropic problems
Authors: Razani Abdolrahman , Tornatore Elisabetta
Published: September 2024

In this article, we consider a class of nonlinear elliptic problems, where anisotropic leading differential operator incorporates the unbounded coefficients and the nonlinear term is a convection term. We prove the solvability of degenerate Dirichlet problem with convection, i.e. the existence of at least one bounded weak solution via the theory of pseudomonotone operators, Nemytskii-type operator and a priori estimate in the degenerate anisotropic Sobolev spaces.
The Late Period Mutazilite Mufassir: A Biographical Study of Hākim Al-Jushamī
Authors: Andriawan Didik , Uğur Hakan , Akpınar Ali , Dadan Ali
Published: September 2024

This article aims to explore Hakim al-Jushamī, a Mutazilite mufassir from the late period, through a biographical analysis, as well as to delve into his exegetical ideas. He is recognized as a trailblazer in Islamic thought, particularly within the Mu’tazila school, and has made significant contributions to the field of tafsir (Quranic exegesis). His persona is regarded as the bridge reinstating the interrupted scholarly lineage between Zamakhsharī and the earlier commentators of tafsir. His principal contribution to the field of tafsir is al-Tahdhīb fi al-Tafsīr, a compilation that amalgamates the diverse viewpoints of Mu’tazila scholars whose narratives are not documented in other works. This article is centered on two primary objectives: (1) A biographical analysis of Jushamī within the context of Mu’tazila scholarship. (2) An examination of Jushamī in his capacity as a Mu’tazila mufassir and scholar. The research employs a qualitative methodology, adopting a biographical study approach through a literature review. The research employs data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion as its analytical techniques. The research analysis encompasses an examination of the individual in the socio-historical context and a critique of Mu’tazila philosophy and tafsir (Quranic exegesis) as manifested in his works. The findings revealed that: (1) Jushamī’s life, from a socio-historical perspective, exhibits a close association with Mu’tazila and positions him as an integral component of the Mu’tazila intellectual lineage that connects Zamakhsharī to earlier scholars. (2) His diverse body of work is primarily centered on advocating and defending the Mu’tazila doctrine. (3) Jushamī is regarded as a representation of the concluding era of Mu’tazila mufassirs before the group eventually vanished.
Maintaining the Social Environment: Urgency and Principles in Maqasid Al-Shariah
Authors: Abdulloh Munir  , Kusnadi Kusnadi
Published: September 2024

The persistent challenges within the social environment remain a critical area of inquiry, particularly given the intertwined relationship between humanity and the environment that necessitates protection. Integrating Maqasid Al-Shariah with social environmental issues is essential for developing a comprehensive framework for safeguarding this environment (hifz al-bi'ah al-ijtima'iyyah). This study attempts to delineate the scope of maintaining the social environment and to identify actionable steps that can be synergized between society, government, and the guiding principles of Maqasid Al-Shariah. Utilizing a literature-based research methodology, this study employs analytical techniques in data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing from primary references on Maqasid Al-Shariah and selective studies on the social environment. The findings reveal the critical importance of contextualizing Qur'anic and Hadith arguments related to the social environment, emphasizing care, protection, and the development of both natural and human resources. This approach leverages the inherent qualities of human beings as God's creations, including their intellect and spirit, to promote collective benefit. Novel contributions of this research include the application of Islamic values to control social and environmental degradation, an understanding of human nature's interaction with the social environment, and the implementation of amar ma'ruf nahi munkar within this context, supported by government intervention. The implications of this study underscore the need for a comprehensive and mutually agreed-upon concept of environmental protection, aligned with Islamic values, between government and society.
The Representation of Gender in English Textbooks
Authors: Santika Pelsi
Published: September 2024

Gender representation in English textbooks has been an interesting issue because teachers use textbooks to explain their lessons in school. However, this type of research is still done infrequently by researchers. The aims of this study are to identify similarities and differences in gender representation in parts of text, gender representation in visual, and gender roles in occupation in English textbooks for Grade Eight in Indonesia. Two English textbooks from different authors and publishers were selected for this study: Textbook 1 (When English Rings a Bell) and Textbook 2 (Interactive English 2). The first result reveals that in the components of the text, male representations are more detectable than female representations. The similarity between the two textbooks describes that male representations are more visible than female representations in conversation script and exercise. However, unlike textbook 2 which also have male domination in two other components, textbook 1 portrays female domination in course material and reading passage. The second result is that male representations are more appeared than female representations in both individual and group settings in both English textbooks. In individual, male characters have the highest proportion in textbook 1 while in textbook 2, male characters in the group have the highest proportion. The last result is that male roles in occupations are portrayed in a larger number of occupations than female roles in occupations for both English textbooks. In Textbook 1, males have 7 categories of occupation, while females have 3 kinds of job. In Textbook 2, male roles identify 10 types of job, while female roles mention 6 categories of occupation. It can be concluded that male characters are more represented than female characters in parts of the text, visual, and role in occupation for both English textbooks. This causes gender inequality between males and females.
Analysis of Moral Values In Walt Disney Pictures and Pixar Animation Studios' Luca
Authors: Kristanti Vanda , Maisarah Ira
Published: September 2024

This research discusses the analysis of moral values in the animated show "Luca". The purpose of this study was to find out the moral value contained in the animated show "Luca" Produced by Walt Disney Pictures and Pixar Animation Studios. This research was carried out based on a qualitative approach that resulted in descriptive using the semiotic approach of Roland Barthes's theory. The data sources used in this study are primary data sources and secondary data sources. Data collection techniques through documentation to find research data through scenes (film scripts, images, or films) from the animated film Luca. The results of this research in Luca animation are wise, patience, never giving up, honesty, discipline, helpfulness, democratic, cooperation, courage and kindness.
Figurative Language in the Lyrics of Animation Film: ‘Tinker Bell and The Lost Treasure’ Soundtrack
Authors: Gustinawati  , Maisarah Ira
Published: September 2024

Figurative language relates to the use of words outside of their usual context and meaning to express complex ideas. Figurative language is commonly found in the work of literature including song lyrics. This research purpose is to investigate the type of figurative language presented in the Original Soundtrack of the animation Film: ‘Tinker Bell and The Lost Treasure' and the type of figurative language that is the most dominant found in the Original Soundtrack of the animation Film: 'Tinker Bell and The Lost Treasure'. The mixed method design of the research was used to analyze the data by using a document checklist as the instrument of the study. 8 song lyrics were analyzed and the result showed that the figurative languages found in the Tinker Bell and The Lost Treasure Original Soundtrack were (1) Metaphor, (2) Personification, (3) Metonymy, (4) Allegory, (5) Symbol, (6) Paradox, and (7) Hyperbole. While in the figurative language which is dominantly presented in the Original Soundtrack of Tinker Bell and The Lost Treasure is figurative language of symbol. Songwriters usually use figurative language to make the lyrics more beautiful. Analyzing figurative language presented in the song lyric is important to understand what the song lyric means behind the figurative language used.
Yemekhane atıklarından hazırlanmış farklı kompostların marulun gelişimi ve mineral beslenmesi üzerine kısa dönem etkisi
Authors: Yaylacı Cennet , Türkan Şevkiye Armağan , Uçar Ramazan , Erdal İbrahim , Kıldır Süleyman
Published: September 2024

Bu çalışma, yemekhane atıklarından hazırlanan farklı kompostların marulun gelişimi, mineral beslenmesi ve besin elementi alımı üzerine etkisini incelemek amacıyla sera koşullarında yürütülmüştür. Denemede %50 yemekhane atığı + %25 budama atığı + %25 çim karışımı (K1), %30 yemekhane atığı + %70 budama atığı karışımı (K2), %50 yemekhane atığı + %10 sığır gübresi + %25 budama atığı + %5 çim + %10 yaprak (K3), %50 yemekhane atığı + %50 budama atığı (K4) atığından oluşan 4 farklı kompost kullanılmıştır. Her komposttan dekara 0 (kontrol), 250 ve 500 kg da-1 olmak üzere üç doz uygulanmıştır. Sonuçlara göre en yüksek bitki kuru ağırlık değeri (3.63 g bitki-1) ile K1’in 500 kg da-1 dozunda elde edilmiştir. Ortalamalara göre, K1, K2 ve K4’ün bitki kuru ağırlığı üzerine benzer etki gösterdiği ve K3’ e göre daha etkili olduğu görülmüştür. Doz ortalamalarına bakıldığında 250 kg da-1 dozunun en etkili, 0 kg da-1 dozunun ise en etkisiz doz olduğu gözlenmiştir. En yüksek N içerikleri, kontrol grubunda en yüksek P içeriği K3’ün 500 kg da-1 dozunda, en yüksek K içeriği ise K1’in 250 kg da-1 dozunda yetişen bitkilerden elde edilmiştir. En yüksek Mn ve Cu içerikleri K2 uygulamasının 500 kg da-1 ve 250 kg da-1 dozlarından elde edilmiştir. Ortalama değerlere bakıldığında, artan kompost dozlarının bitkinin K ve Mn içerikleri üzerine olumlu etkileri olurken, N, P, Ca ve Cu üzerine etkileri benzer ya da olumsuz olmuştur. Topraktan en fazla N, kontrol grubu bitkiler, en fazla P ve K ise 500 kg da-1 kompost uygulanan bitkilerle alınmıştır. Topraktan kaldırılan besin elementi miktarları genel olarak kontrole kıyasla uygulama dozlarıyla artmış, fakat dozlar arasında anlamlı farklıklar belirlenmemiştir. Diğer yandan, artan kompost dozlarının topraktan kaldırılan N’ye etkisinin olumsuz olduğu belirlenmiştir. Kompost uygulamaları marul verimini artırırmış ancak, bitkinin mineral beslenmesi üzerinde genellikle anlamlı bir etkisi görülmemiştir. Elde edilen kuru ağırlık değerlerine bakıldığında, K1, K2 ve K4 kompostlarından 250 kg da-1 dozunun uygun olduğu söylenebilir.
Mikroplastiklerin marul bitkisinin (Lactuca Sativa l.) fizyolojik karakteristikleri ile toprak özellikleri üzerine etkisi
Authors: Sözüdoğru Ok Sonay , Akça Hanife , Taşkın Mehmet Burak , Deniz Kıymet , Akça Muhittin Onur
Published: September 2024

Bu çalışmada, mikroplastiklerin (MP) marul bitkisi (Lactuca sativa L.) ve toprak özellikleri üzerindeki etkileri incelenmiştir. Çalışmada, polipropilen (PP), polietilen (PE) ve polyester (PES) MP’leri farklı oranlarda (%0, %0.5, %1, %2) toprağa uygulanmıştır. Yapılan sera denemesi sonuçlarına göre, marul bitkilerinin yaş ağırlıkları kontrole (46.0 g) kıyasla %1 PP ve %2 PE uygulamalarında sırasıyla 53.4 ve 52.7g bulunmuştur. Kuru ağırlık üzerinde ise MP uygulamalarının etkisi istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bulunmamıştır. %2 PE ve %0.5 PES uygulamaları ile toprak mikrobiyal biyokütle karbonu sırasıyla 58.7 mg C kg-1 ve 52.3 mg C kg-1 olarak bulunmuş ve bu artışlar istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bulunmuştur (p
Hormonal Imbalances and Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
Authors:   The Westwood Institute for Anxiety Disorders, Los Angeles, CA, Gorbis Eda , Gorbis Alexander ,   The Westwood Institute for Anxiety Disorders, Los Angeles, CA, Rudolph Amanda ,   The Westwood Institute for Anxiety Disorders, Los Angeles, CA, Jajoo Aanya ,   The Westwood Institute for Anxiety Disorders, Los Angeles, CA
Published: September 2024

Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a chronic mental health condition marked by intrusive thoughts and repetitive behaviors, significantly impairing daily functioning. This paper investigates the relationship between hormonal imbalances and OCD by reviewing existing literature and presenting detailed case studies. The analysis focuses on the impact of hormonal fluctuations, particularly involving estrogen, androgens, progesterone, melatonin, and cortisol, on the onset and severity of OCD symptoms. Case studies of individuals with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), postpartum hormonal changes, and post-hysterectomy hormonal shifts illustrate how hormonal imbalances can exacerbate OCD symptoms. The findings indicate that hormonal events, such as premenstrual periods and pregnancy, can trigger or worsen OCD symptoms in approximately 30% of women. Hormone replacement therapy and targeted hormonal interventions show promise in alleviating OCD symptoms, suggesting a potential for hormonebased treatment approaches. This study underscores the need for a comprehensive understanding of hormonal influences in managing OCD to enhance treatment outcomes and improve patients' quality of life.
Investir ou não no desenvolvimento de software para uso interno? Um relato de experiência em uma empresa de pequeno porte
Authors: Morais Alison , Novais Renato
Published: September 2024

As empresas precisam fazer uso de soluções de software para resolver seus problemas internos e para executarem os processos existentes. Isso pode ser feito a partir de soluções de terceiros ou desenvolvendo suas próprias soluções. O segundo caso pode ser ainda uma oportunidade de empreender: algo necessário nos dias atuais. Entretanto, é preciso considerar os desafios associados a este tipo de decisão, especialmente para micro e pequenas empresas que possuem recursos mais limitados. Considerando este cenário, o objetivo deste artigo é apresentar um relato de experiência de uma empresa de pequeno porte que se viu diante de necessidade de implementar uma funcionalidade de relatório para um cliente em particular. Como neste caso não foi possível usar soluções de terceiros e havia uma possibilidade de empreender, a empresa optou por desenvolver uma solução própria. Os resultados a curto prazo foram satisfatórios, entretanto, a médio prazo percebeu-se que custos associados a evolução e manutenção do software não foram consideradas como deveriam. Os resultados destacam as necessidades que devem ser consideradas por empresas, em especial as de pequeno porte, quando se verem diante da necessidade de desenvolver soluções de software.
Management of acute coronary syndrome in the emergency room: A literature review
Authors: Medeiros Felipe Abreu de , Mendes Luis Miguel Carvalho , Castro Neto Antônio Alves de , Silva Rafael Ney , Xavier Vinicius Spolador , Romão Vinícius Santos , Oliveira Pedro Gabriel Kaefer de , Giacomazzi Gustavo , Pavan Isadora Paulini , Frazilli João Victor Araújo , Lima Thiago Kennedy Tavares de , Oliveira Emilly Louise Rodrigues , Cavalcante Caroline Alves , Lima Thais Cristina de Aquino , Mendonça Lara Ohanna Arantes
Published: September 2024

This article presents a narrative literature review on the management of Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) in the emergency department. The research was conducted using Google Scholar, LILACS, and SCIELO databases, covering publications from 2000 to 2024. The review followed six methodological steps: identifying the topic, establishing inclusion and exclusion criteria, defining the information to be extracted, evaluating the included studies, interpreting the results, and presenting the review. Key findings include the importance of early administration of antithrombotic therapies, such as aspirin and glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors, to prevent thrombus progression and improve coronary blood flow. The use of high-sensitivity biomarkers, such as troponin, has improved diagnostic accuracy, allowing for early identification of at-risk patients. Early revascularization, especially in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), is associated with a significant reduction in mortality and incidence of heart failure. Primary angioplasty is the treatment of choice for STEMI patients, while the treatment strategy for non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) and unstable angina may vary depending on risk assessment and clinical stability. The implementation of standardized protocols and the creation of chest pain units in the emergency department have shown to improve the triage and management of ACS patients, resulting in better clinical outcomes. Continuous education of healthcare professionals and the integration of multidisciplinary teams are essential to ensure effective and evidence-based management.
GEOGRAPHY OF A RARE DISEASE: A SHIFTING LANDSCAPE TOWARDS DIFFUSE MIDLINE GLIOMA (DMG)
Authors:   , Baugh Joshua Norman
Published: September 2024

This thesis aims to describe the clinical and translational landscape of DIPG, and the
research challenges addressed in my PhD project. I aim to 1) describe the development
and establishment of a centralized data collection in the SIOPE and International DIPG/
DMG Registries, providing a research infrastructure mechanism capable of “assessing
the landscape” of this rare disease. 2) The challenges arising with the diagnostic
evolution of DIPG to DMG, a transition from a clinicoradiographic (phenotype) based
diagnosis to a molecular based (genotype) classification and the clinical implications
of implementation by specialty and in terms of access to advanced diagnostics along
socioeconomic lines. 3) And finally, using the SIOPE DIPG Registry as a high-level
epidemiological tool to “survey the land”, studies on clinical, radiologic, pathologic, and
molecular characteristics, and exceptional (long-term) and treatment-related survival
patterns.
Remote sensing of landslides
Authors:   , Fu Sheng
Published: September 2024

Landslides, masses of rock, earth, or debris moving down a slope, are geological events commonly observed in mountainous regions. Landslides can have profound societal impacts as they interact with both the natural environment and human settlements, often resulting in unexpected disasters. According to the United Nations office, between 1998 and 2017, landslides accounted for 18,414 fatalities and affected nearly 4.8 million individuals. To effectively reduce the damage caused by landslides, it is imperative to develop methodologies for spatial data collection and analysis of landslides. This includes the establishment of landslide inventories for purposes such as landslide dating (especially challenging in remote areas), the measurement of landslide surface displacement, and the assessment of landslide risks. To address these crucial aspects, this thesis aims to develop remote sensing-based methodologies and frameworks for landslide dating and landslide surface monitoring, and to provide spatial data for landslide risk assessment. These efforts are crucial for landslide prevention and mitigation for local communities and environmental resources.

Landslide dating is defined as achieving the most probable landslide occurrence date range through field measurements, global navigation satellite systems, terrestrial laser scanning, airborne laser scanning, photogrammetry or by analysis of remote sensing satellite imagery. In chapters 2 and 3 I developed novel landslide dating techniques using satellite image time series, and I explored their accuracy and potential for dating landslides.

Landslide monitoring involves the observation and recording of changes in landslide dynamics over a certain period, facilitated by installed equipment or through remote sensing technologies. In Chapter 4 I show how we can monitor the movement of slow moving landslides from very high resolution optical stereo imagery (Pléiades satellite), without the need for in-situ measurements.

In chapter 5 landslide risk is considered. Landslide risk comprises population risk and property risk. Population risk is the annual probability that individuals at risk will lose their life; and property risk is the potential economic damages to property. I conduct a semiquantitative landslide risk assessment at the community level at a scale of 1:10000 by combining multiple spatial data sets for a case study in western Hubei, China.

To conclude, landslide dating, monitoring and landslide risk assessment are complex research areas. In support of landslide prevention and mitigation, future efforts should focus on six key aspects: (1) landslide dating, (2) landslide monitoring, (3) landslide environmental impact, (4) landslide hazard and risk assessment (5) expert experience, and (6) remote sensing for multi-hazards.
Contemporary Activation of Different Endothelial Receptors Accounts for a Reserve Mechanism of Nitric Oxide-Mediated Relaxation
Authors: Kyselá S , Török J
Published: September 2024

The aim of this study was to investigate whether the inhibition of one of the endothelial receptor sites in the rat pulmonary artery (muscarinic, histaminergic, purinergic, a 2-adrenergic) affects the NO-mediated relaxation induced by the activation of the other type of receptors. Acetylcholine (ACh)-, histamine (Hist)-, adenosine (Ade)- , and clonidine (Clon)-induced endothelium-dependent relaxations were reduced by the administration of specific antagonists of muscarinic, H1-histaminergic, purinergic or a 2-adrenergic receptors, respectively. The inhibition of H1-histaminergic receptors by chlorphenyramine did not prevent ACh-induced relaxation. Similarly, the inhibition of muscarinic receptors by atropine did not prevent the relaxations to histamine, adenosine and clonidine. On the other hand, the relaxations induced by acetylcholine, histamine, adenosine or clonidine were regularly reduced by NO-synthase inhibitor NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (10-4 mol/l). These results suggest that the inhibition of NO-synthase abolished arterial relaxations induced by all agonists. After inhibition of one type of the endothelial receptors, the NO-dependent relaxation could still be evoked by activation of one of the others.
Effect of Captopril on Cyclic Nucleotide Concentrations During Long-Term NO Synthase Inhibition
Authors: Pecháňová O , Bernátová I
Published: September 2024

The aim of the present study was to determine the effect of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor captopril on cGMP and cAMP concentration in the left ventricle and aorta after NO synthase inhibition by 4-week-lasting NG-nitro-L-arginine-methyl ester (L-NAME) treatment. Five groups of rats were investigated: controls, L-NAME in the dose 20 mg/kg/day (L-NAME 20), L-NAME in the dose 40 mg/kg/day (L-NAME 40), captopril in the dose 100 mg/kg/day, L-NAME 40 mg/kg/day together with captopril 100 mg/kg/day. Captopril completely prevented L-NAME-induced hypertension and LV hypertrophy development. Compared to the controls, cGMP concentration in the L-NAME 20 and L-NAME 40 groups was decreased by 13 % and 22 %, respectively, in the left ventricle and by 27 % and 56 % in the aorta, respectively. Captopril did not influence this decrease of cGMP concentration. Cyclic AMP concentration in the aorta of L-NAME 20 group increased by 17 %. In the L-NAME 40 group, cAMP concentration increased by 17 % in the left ventricle and by 34 % in the aorta compared to controls. This increase was enhanced in rats given L-NAME together with captopril. Captopril alone had no effect on cAMP concentration. We conclude that captopril does not affect the concentration of cGMP, however, it has more than the additive effect on the cAMP concentration increase in the cardiovascular system during long-term NO synthase inhibition.
Initial Investigation of a Grating Stimulus as a Visual Endpoint for Human Centrifuge Research
Authors: Britton Joseph , Connolly Desmond M. , Hawarden Danielle E. , Stevenson Alec T. , Harridge Stephen D. R. , Green Nicholas D. C. , Pollock Ross D.
Published: September 2024

INTRODUCTION: G tolerance has been widely assessed using Peripheral Light Loss (PLL), but this approach has several limitations and may lack sensitivity. The aim of this study was to investigate the use of a foveal visual endpoint for centrifuge research (Grating Loss; GL) and assess its repeatability, reliability, and usability with PLL as a reference.

METHODS: A total of 11 subjects undertook centrifuge assessment. Gradual onset sessions (GOR; 0.1 G · s−1) measured both endpoints simultaneously and were performed twice, consisting of six determinations with anti-G suits activated (GOR-On) and six without (GOR-Off). Four determinations of each endpoint were also taken during rapid onset runs (ROR; 3 G · s−1). Usability was scored subjectively.

RESULTS: The GL endpoint was reached 0.3–0.5 Gz lower than PLL with each endpoint correlating strongly in GOR-Off (r = 0.93), GOR-On (r = 0.95), and ROR (r = 0.86). The GL had excellent test–retest repeatability (intraclass correlation coefficient: GOR-Off/On = 0.99, ROR = 0.92) and low within-subject variability. Between-subject variance equaled PLL in all conditions. Subjective usability endpoint ratings were equal for all conditions.

DISCUSSION: For the 11 individuals tested, the GL was a reliable, repeatable, and usable endpoint, with similar performance to PLL. GL may prove useful as a supplementary endpoint for human centrifuge research as a secondary data point or to reduce fatigue in repeated measurements. The foveal GL stimulus was lost before PLL, contrary to popular models of visual changes under +Gz.

Britton J, Connolly DM, Hawarden DE, Stevenson AT, Harridge SDR, Green NDC, Pollock RD. Initial investigation of a grating stimulus as a visual endpoint for human centrifuge research. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2023; 94(12):894–901.
Handheld Sonographic Cardiovascular Imaging Under Hypergravity Conditions
Authors: Blue Rebecca S. , Ong Karen M.
Published: September 2024

INTRODUCTION: Real-time cardiovascular imaging during hypergravity exposure has been historically limited by technological and physical challenges. Previous efforts at sonographic hypergravity imaging have used fixed ultrasound probes; the use of hand-held ultrasound, particularly performed by minimally trained laypersons, has been less explored. Here we will discuss handheld sonography to self-visualize carotid vascular and cardiac changes during hypergravity.

METHODS: Three subjects with variable ultrasound experience ranging from no familiarity to extensive clinical experience used handheld ultrasound at rest and under stepwise +Gz hypergravity exposures (maximum +3.5 Gz) to visualize carotid vascular changes. Subxiphoid cardiac ultrasound was obtained by the most experienced subject. Subjects had variable prior hypergravity experience; all were trained in anti-G straining techniques. Sonographically inexperienced subjects underwent a brief (< 5 min) familiarization with the ultrasound probe, user interface, and desirable viewing window immediately prior to centrifugation; real-time coaching was provided. Ultrasound images were correlated to self-reported symptoms and hemodynamic data.

RESULTS: Handheld ultrasound performed as desired; all subjects were successful at obtaining ultrasound images with adequate capture of windows of interest. Subxiphoid imaging efforts were limited by probe overheating and associated with variable quality of imaging due to probe displacement from straining techniques; the subject noted transient, mild discomfort and ecchymosis after imaging in the subxiphoid region.

DISCUSSION: Even individuals with minimal or no ultrasound experience successfully obtained usable images under centrifuge conditions. While there were some limitations, this technical demonstration provides initial validation of handheld sonography as an available tool for real-time cardiovascular imaging in a hypergravity environment.

Blue RS, Ong KM. Handheld sonographic cardiovascular imaging under hypergravity conditions. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2024; 95(3):158–164.
CUTANEOUS LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS: MODERN DIAGNOSTIC AND THERAPEUTIC APPROACHES
Authors:   Kharkiv  National  Medical  University, L. A. Bolotna , A. M. Bilovol ,   Kharkiv  National  Medical  University, O. I. Sarian ,   Kharkiv  National  Medical  University, V. S. Hlushok ,   Ternopil  State  Medical  University
Published: September 2024

Objective–to review modern domestic and foreign publications of recent years on the pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, diagnosis and treatment of cutaneous lupus erythematosus (СLE). Materials and methods.To analyze the literature from the databases of the National Library of Ukraine named after V.I.Vernadskyi, PubMed, Web of Science and Scopus. Results and discussion.Issues related to the pathogenesis of the disease, classifications of СLE were considered. The clinical heterogeneity of skin forms of the disease (acute СLE, subacute СLE, chronic СLE, СLE) is emphasized. Characteristic skin manifestations, histological and serological.features of all subtypes of СLE are given. It is shown that the diagnosis is based on the characteristic clinical picture, determination of the degree of severity according to CLASI (Cutaneous Lupus Disease Area and Severity Index), results of immunological and pathomorphological analysis. The principles of therapy for subtypes of СLE are given (photoprotection, local treatment with corticosteroids, systemic treatment with antimalarial agents). The treatment of refractory forms of СLE is considered.The principles of therapy of subtypes of СLE are given– photoprotection, local treatment with corticosteroids and calcineurin inhibitors, systemic treatment with antimalarial agents, nonspecific immunosuppressive or immunomodulatory drugs according to clinical guidelines. Conclusions. Importantly, each subtype of СLE should be considered separately, taking into account their variability in clinical presentation, disease prognosis, and response to treatment. Knowledge about the pathogenesis of СLE has significantly deepened, which has contributed to the improvement of the use of traditional methods and the development of new means of therapy
What constitutes a conducive learning environment in VET?
Authors: Wahlgren Bjarne , Aarkrog Vibe
Published: September 2024

Based on a review of international research, this article summarises the key factors identified as shaping a conducive learning environment at vocational schools. The factors are exemplified with data from an empirical study conducted at 13 Danish VET schools.
We distinguish between curricular factors, i.e., the organisation, form, and content of teaching and training, and social factors, i.e., students’ relationships and social inter-actions with peers and teachers.
Key curricular factors include giving students authentic, vocationally relevant tasks where they play an active role in and share responsibility for their own learning. Other important factors include that teachers tailor training to the individual, convey positive expectations concerning student performance, help students to set and achieve realistic goals, and offer regular feedback. Likewise, it has impact on the learning environment that the teaching is practice-related and that the teachers work closely with trainers at workplaces offering apprenticeships.
Key social factors include teachers establishing positive relationships with their students, acting as role models. Furthermore, it is important that teachers nurture a positive social environment among students. As such, a well-functioning learning environment requires teachers to have not only the relevant vocational skills but also a range of social and personal competences.
Thirty years of sharing and caring in Vocational Education and Culture Research Network
Authors: Heikkinen Anja , Mjelde Liv
Published: September 2024

There are as many stories about the Vocational Education and Culture Network as there are people who have involved themselves in the network activities during the past 30 years; they all are worth telling. The organisers of the 2023 Oslo workshop asked us two to present a kind of memoir of the network because we were both involved at the start of joint activities. We hope this dialogue on our experiences will show some of the shared and distinctive features of the network. It is not chronological but covers a few themes raised by our experiences, illustrated by photos from earlier presentations and documents available to us. They do not try to do justice to all the diverse activities and meanings networkers have experienced during the past 30 years. Since so many have participated and contributed, we focus on activities rather than individuals, but readers will identify some long-term members in the photos. We hope a more detailed discussion continues after our dialogue.
The Revival of Intellectual Sciences during the Safavid Period: Isfahan School of Philosophy and Sadraddin Shirazi
Authors:   Institute of Oriental Studies named after academician Ziya Bunyadov of ANAS, Baghirov Ibrahim
Published: September 2024

In the history of Islamic philosophy, one period that attracts researchers' attention, particularly in recent times, is the Safavid era. This is because the Safavid period witnessed a resurgence in philosophical thought within Islamic tradition after a period of stagnation following the classical stage that lasted several centuries. Until the middle of the last century, Western scholars, and before them orientalists, often viewed Islamic philosophy as having concluded after Ibn Rushd, due to Ghazali’s refutations. However, intellectual activities during the Safavid era proved these assumptions incorrect. During the Safavid period, particularly after Shah Abbas I ascended to power and fostered a conducive environment, figures like Mir Damad and Sheikh Bahai, who enjoyed the Shah's patronage, sought to advance their intellectual perspectives. The philosophical milieu they cultivated in the Safavid capital, Isfahan, is now recognized as the Isfahan School of Philosophy. This school, characterized by its syncretic nature, endeavored to reconcile various strands of classical Islamic thought. Sadraddin Shirazi, the most renowned figure of the Isfahan School of Philosophy, succeeded in achieving this aim through his philosophical endeavors. Sadraddin Shirazi synthesized various methods of knowledge acquisition available in Islamic philosophy -whether religious, philosophical, or gnostic-and attempted to demonstrate that apparent contradictions among them were not inherent. This paper explores the scientific and philosophical environment of the Safavid period, focusing on the emergence of the Isfahan School of Philosophy and its foremost representative, Sadraddin Shirazi.
Russian thistle (Salsola tragus L.) serotiny promotes simultaneous aerial and soil seedbanks
Authors: Geddes Charles M. , Pittman Mattea M.
Published: September 2024

Some plant species retain mature seeds in plant canopies aboveground which are released later during opportune windows for germination and establishment. This process, known as serotiny, can lead to aerial seedbanks that exist simultaneously with soil seedbanks. However, little is known about how serotiny affects the persistence of weed seeds in the aerial seedbank. A randomized-stratified survey of 117 sites in southern Alberta, Canada, was conducted in 2022 to determine whether the summer-annual tumbleweed Russian thistle (Salsola tragus L.) exhibits seed serotiny. The observational study confirmed that Russian thistle plants exhibit serotiny and that the seeds can exist simultaneously in aerial and soil seedbanks. On average, the plants sampled retained 332 ± 62 viable seeds plant-1 seven to eight months after senescence. This time frame followed winter and emergence of the subsequent generation of plants from the soil seedbank. Russian thistle plants that were attached to the soil retained about double (P = 0.0274) the number of seeds (549 ± 133 viable seeds plant-1) than those detached from the soil (270 ± 71 viable seeds plant-1), likely due to seeds dislodging during movement of the tumbleweeds with prevailing winds. Seeds persisting in aerial seedbanks could evade decay, predation, or lethal germination leading to seed mortality in the soil seedbank, and increase the likelihood of seed persistence and successful establishment of new plants in stressful environments.
Racial disparities in TAVR outcomes in patients with cancer
Authors: Kotloff Ethan D. , Desai Yash , Desai Rohan , Messner Christopher , Gnilopyat Sergey , Sonbol Mark , Aljudaibi Abdullah , Tarui Ai , Ives Juwan , Shah Nisarg , Vaish Ishan , Chahal Diljon , Barr Brian , Mysore Manu
Published: September 2024

Background

Advances in cancer therapies and improvement in survival of cancer patients have led to a growing number of patients with both cancer and severe aortic stenosis (AS). Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) has been shown to be a safe and effective treatment option for this patient population. There are established racial disparities in utilization and outcomes of both cancer treatments and TAVR. However, the effect of race on TAVR outcomes in cancer patients has not been studied.

Objectives

The purpose of this study was to investigate racial disparities in outcomes of TAVR in cancer patients.

Methods

343 patients with cancer who underwent TAVR at a single center over a 6-year period were included in the study. The primary endpoint was a composite of 1-year mortality, stroke, and bleeding. Secondary outcomes included individual components of the primary endpoint as well as 30-day mortality, structural complications, vascular access complications, and conduction system complications. Outcomes were compared between black and white patients by comparing incidence rates.

Results

Baseline characteristics including age, sex, BMI, medical comorbidities, STS score, and echocardiographic parameters were similar between races, aside from significantly higher rates of CKD (50.0% vs. 26.6%, p = 0.005) and ESRD (18.4% vs. 4.9%, p = 0.005) in black compared to white cancer patients. There was a trend toward worse outcomes in black cancer patients with regard to a composite endpoint of 1-year mortality, stroke, and major bleeding (35.7% vs. 22.6%, p = 0.095), primarily driven by higher 1-year mortality (31.0% vs. 17.6%, p = 0.065). 30-day mortality was twice as high in black cancer patients than in white cancer patients (4.8% vs. 2.3%, p = 0.018).

Conclusions

There is a trend toward worse TAVR outcomes in black cancer patients, with higher periprocedural complication rates and mortality, compared to white cancer patients. Further studies are needed to elucidate the structural, socioeconomic, and biological factors that contribute to racial differences in outcomes.
Novel imaging modalities for the identification of vulnerable plaques
Authors: Wang Ziyan , Zhang Pingyang
Published: September 2024

Atherosclerosis is a slow, progressive disease that is closely associated with major adverse cardiovascular events. Early diagnosis and risk assessment of atherosclerosis can effectively improve the prognosis and reduce the occurrence of adverse cardiovascular events in the later stage. A variety of invasive and non-invasive imaging modalities are important tools for diagnosing lesions, monitoring the efficacy of treatments, and predicting associated risk events. This review mainly introduces the four commonly used non-invasive imaging modalities in clinical practice and intravascular imaging such as optical coherence tomography, intravascular ultrasound imaging, and near-infrared spectroscopy, compares the advantages and disadvantages in the diagnosis of vulnerable plaques, and briefly summarizes the new progressions of each.
The effects of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors on cardiac structure and function using cardiac magnetic resonance: a meta-analysis of clinical studies
Authors: Wang Haipeng , Guo Siyi , Gu Shuo , Li Chunyu , Wang Fei , Zhao Junyu
Published: September 2024

Objective

The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP4i) on cardiac structure and function by cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR). Research Methods & Procedures: Database including PubMed, Cochrane library, Embase and SinoMed for clinical studies of DPP4i on cardiac structure and function by CMR were searched. Two authors extracted the data and evaluated study quality independently. Mean difference (MD) or standardized MD and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were used for continuous variables. Review Manager 5.3 was used to performed the analysis.

Results

Ten references (nine studies) were included in this meta-analysis. Most of the studies were assessed as well quality by the assessment of methodological quality. For clinical control studies, the merged MD values of △LVEF by fixed-effect model and the pooled effect size in favor of DPP4i was 1.55 (95% CI 0.35 to 2.74, P=0.01). Compared with positive control drugs, DPP4i can significantly improve the LVEF (MD=4.69, 95%CI=2.70 to 6.69), but no such change compared to placebo (MD=-0.20, 95%CI=-1.69 to 1.29). For single-arm studies and partial clinical control studies that reported LVEF values before and after DPP4i treatment, random-effect model was used to combine effect size due to a large heterogeneity (Chi2 = 11.26, P=0.02, I2 = 64%), and the pooled effect size in favor of DPP4i was 2.31 (95% CI 0.01 to 4.62, P=0.05). DPP4i significantly increased the Peak filling rate (PFR) without heterogeneity when the effect sizes of two single-arm studies were combined (MD=31.98, 95% CI 13.69 to 50.27, P=0.0006; heterogeneity test: Chi2 = 0.56, P=0.46, I2 = 0%).

Conclusions

In summary, a possible benefit of DPP4i in cardiac function (as measured by CMR) was found, both including ventricular systolic function and diastolic function.