bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
On the Mental Health Commons
Authors: Minozzo Ana , Soreanu Raluca
Published: February 2025

The political history of psychoanalysis is marked by a tension between a widely critiqued reproduction of alienation and the capacity to open radical spaces for rethinking subjectivity and practicing togetherness. This essay's research focuses on moments when fugitive free clinics are formed, functioning in friction with the psychoanalytic establishment, and centered on deindividualizing and commoning practices in the clinical realm. In this essay, the authors follow free clinics in Brazil, from the 1970s to the present. These are marginal, open-border clinics. Developing a vocabulary to account for what the authors call “the mental health commons,” they attend to scenes of fugitivity, to territorial listening, and to a creative “corruption” of psychoanalysis and its mainstream practices. Ultimately, what emerges is a set of autonomous, emancipatory free clinics, where creativity and the imagination are potent, and social symptoms turn into affective bonds, commonly unleashed.
Standing with Myanmar
Authors: Kim Hieyoon
Published: February 2025

Since the military coup in Myanmar on February 1, 2021, South Korean artists and exhibit makers have tapped into the power of art activism to support the Burmese struggle for democracy. This essay pays special attention to two of the earliest exhibitions held in Gwangju, a southwestern hub in the peninsula that since May 1980 has been widely been known as a site of civil resistance. With a focus on each show's narrative and audience engagement in relation to the historic meaning of Gwangju, this essay considers the limits of transnational solidarity imagined through art activism, revealing solidarities that reinforce either the nation-state as primary in defining political subjectivity or the universalist humanism at their core. Although these shows allow the empathic positioning of artists to a certain degree, their activism does not necessarily provide meaningful means of building south-south partnership.
Notch3 deletion regulates HIV-1 gene expression and systemic inflammation to ameliorate chronic kidney disease
Authors: Thornton Mackenzie , Sommer Nicole , McGonigle Mercedes , Kumar Ram Anil , Yerrathota Sireesha , Ehirim Henrietta , Chaturvedi Aakriti , Dinh Phan Johnny , Chakraborty Anubhav , Chakravarthi V. Praveen , Gunewardena Sumedha , Tyagi Mudit , Talreja Jaya , Wang Tao , Singhal Pravin , Tran Pamela V. , Fields Timothy A. , Ray Patricio E. , Dhillon Navneet K. , Sharma Madhulika
Published: February 2025

Anti-retroviral therapy (ART) has decreased human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1-associated morbidity. However, despite ART, immune cells remain latently infected, leading to chronic inflammation and HIV-1-associated comorbidities. New strategies are needed to target viral proteins and inflammation. We found activation of Notch3 in renal cells of the HIV-1 transgenic mouse model (HIV-Tg26) and in patients with HIV-associated nephropathy. We hypothesized that targeting NOTCH3 activation constitutes an effective therapy for HIV-related chronic kidney disease. We generated HIV-Tg26 mice with Notch3 knocked out (Tg-N3KO). Compared to HIV-Tg26 mice at 3 months, Tg-N3KO mice showed a marked reduction in renal injury, skin lesions and mortality rate. They also showed reduced renal infiltrating cells and significantly reduced expression of HIV genes. Moreover, Notch3 activated the HIV long terminal repeat promoter, and induction of HIV-1 increased Notch3 activation, indicating a feedback mechanism. Further, bone marrow-derived macrophages from HIV-Tg26 mice showed activation of Notch3, indicating systemic effects. Consistent with that observation, systemic levels of TNF and MCP-1 were reduced in Tg-N3KO compared to HIV-Tg26 mice. Thus, Notch3 deletion/inhibition has a dual-therapeutic effect in HIV-related chronic kidney disease, which might extend to other HIV-related pathologies.
Magnesium in pain control - mechanisms of action in perioperative pain, neuropathic pain and migraine
Authors: Konarska Anna , Fabijański Artur , Dukacz Adriana , Firlej Wojciech , Rychlewska-Duda Joanna , Lisiecka Justyna , Nowak Michał , Janik Mateusz , Ufnalska Barbara , Machowiak Anna
Published: February 2025

Introduction
Magnesium is a crucial macroelement with widespread effects on the nervous and muscular systems.. Due to its role as an NMDA receptor antagonist, magnesium has garnered significant attention in pain management research, particularly for its potential to modulate both acute and chronic pain. This article provides an overview of magnesium's therapeutic applications in neuropathic pain, migraine, and perioperative pain, drawing on research from PubMed and Google Scholar published between 1988 and 2025.
Aim of study
This review aims to present the state of knowledge about magnesium’s possible role in pain control and present mechanism of its influence on the nociceptive stimuli reception.
Materials and methods
Publication research was made using databases PubMed and Google Scholar. Keywords used in research were among others: magnesium, pain, neuropathic pain, migraine, perioperative pain, magnesium deficiency. 
Current state of knowledge
Magnesium plays a crucial role in the management of various pain conditions, including perioperative, neuropathic, and migraine pain, through its multifactorial mechanisms. These include NMDA receptor antagonism, calcium channel blockade, anti-inflammatory effects, and muscle relaxation, all of which contribute to its analgesic properties. Evidence suggests that magnesium supplementation can reduce opioid use, counteract central and peripheral sensitization, and potentially prevent migraine attacks, highlighting its potential as an effective adjuvant in pain management strategies.
Summary (Conclusions):
Magnesium offers significant therapeutic potential in managing perioperative, neuropathic, and migraine pain through mechanisms such as NMDA receptor antagonism, calcium channel blockade, and neuroinflammation modulation. Its use can reduce opioid consumption, enhance pain relief, and improve outcomes, highlighting the need for further research into its clinical applications in pain management.
Planejamento estratégico e slow movement: reflexões a partir de um pequeno município brasileiro sob a ótica sociológica de Norbert Elias
Authors: Fraga Brendow de Oliveira , Emmendoerfer Magnus Luiz , Mediotte Elias José , Pinto Neide Maria de Almeida
Published: February 2025

O objetivo é analisar e compreender a inserção do slow movement no contexto de uma comunidade local, no âmbito da modernidade e de suas disfunções em uma sociedade “glocal”, sobas lentes teóricas de Norbert Elias em sua teoria sociológica e suas reflexões sobre o tempo.Aplicou-se o estudo de caso em Rio Doce (Minas Gerais, Brasil) para verificar os impactos do desenvolvimento territorial do Plano estratégico slow city, disponibilizado à prefeitura do município estudado, inspirado nas diretrizes do movimento slow city, por meio da pesquisa-ação.O processo de realização da pesquisa-ação envolveu diversas etapas que podem ser verificadas a partir dos dados de análise, dos quais emergiram expectativas com relação ao movimento e, simultaneamente, à construção histórica do município, que levou a concluir que o slow movement está orientado para pautas mais democráticas e dialógicas, sem, contudo, romper com a lógica da modernidade e suas consequências.
Desposeídos del derecho. Enfrentar a la justicia colombiana desde los márgenes
Authors: Bejarano Tavera Laura Camila
Published: February 2025

Esta investigación buscó reconstruir y contextualizar las experiencias de una madre (Pilar) y de su hijo (Kevin) de clases populares frente a la justicia y el Estado colombiano, en el marco de una situación de violencia policial y de falsas acusaciones en un proceso judicial. Con un riguroso trabajo etnográfico y la decisión de apoyarse en los debates de la antropología jurídica y la antropología del Estado, la autora analiza cómo las vivencias de los procesos burocráticos fueron profundamente moldeadas por la trayectoria y posición social de Kevin y Pilar. Reflexiona, particularmente, sobre cómo el hecho de carecer de ciertos recursos —económicos, pero también sociales, culturales y escolares— tuvo consecuencias para Kevin y su madre desde el momento inicial de la violencia policial, durante el largo itinerario burocrático que siguieron, hasta que concluyó el proceso e incluso después de que este acabara.
SoS Certification for Symmetric Quadratic Functions and Its Connection to Constrained Boolean Hypercube Optimization
Authors: Kurpisz Adam , Potechin Aaron , Wirth Elias
Published: February 2025

We introduce several methods to study the rank of the sum of squares (SoS) hierarchy for problems over the Boolean hypercube. We apply our techniques to improve upon existing results, thus answering several open questions. We answer the question by Laurent regarding the SoS rank of the empty integral hull (EIH) problem. We prove that the SoS rank is between [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text]. We refute the Lee-Prakash-de Wolf-Yuen (LPdWY) conjecture for the SoS rank of symmetric quadratic functions in n variables with roots placed in points k – 1 and k that conjectured the lower bound of [Formula: see text]. We prove that the SoS rank for SQFs is at most [Formula: see text]. We answer another question by Laurent for an instance of the min knapsack problem parameterized by P. We prove a nearly tight SoS rank between [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text]. Finally, we refute the conjecture by Bienstock-Zuckerberg that presumed the SoS rank lower bound of [Formula: see text] for an instance of the set cover problem. We refute the conjecture by providing an [Formula: see text] SoS certificate for this problem.

Funding: A. Kurpisz was supported by Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung (SNSF) [Grant PZ00P2_174117], A. Potechin was supported in part by the National Science Foundation (NSF) [Grant CCF2008920], and E. Wirth was supported by DFG under Germany’s Excellence Strategy, The Berlin Mathematics Research Center (MATH+) [Grant EXC-2046/1, project ID 390685689, BMS Stipend].
Desarrollo de mermelada de flor de Jamaica (Hibiscus sabdariffa) en diferentes estados (natural y deshidratada).
Authors: Guerrero Veliz Anthony Elias , Arguello Cedeño Jonnathan , Revilla Escobar Karol Yannela , Aldas Morejon Jhonnatan Placido
Published: February 2025

Introducción: Hibiscus sabdariffa es una planta con múltiples aplicaciones culinarias y medicinales debido a sus propiedades antioxidantes, vitaminas, minerales y compuestos fitoquímicos como antocianinas y flavonoides.
Objetivo: Desarrollar una mermelada de flor de Jamaica (Hibiscus sabdariffa) en diferentes estados (natural y deshidratada).
Materiales y métodos: Se utilizó un diseño experimental completamente al azar con un arreglo factorial A*B, donde el factor A hace referencia las concentraciones de flor de jamaica (35%; 50% y 70%) y el factor B corresponde a los métodos de procesamiento de la flor de jamaica (estado natural y deshidratada). Se evaluaron características fisicoquímicas (pH, acidez, humedad, contenido de cenizas y °Brix), contenido de polifenoles totales y capacidad antioxidante. parámetros sensoriales (olor, sabor, textura y aceptabilidad).
Resultados: Las propiedades fisicoquímicas, se determinaron valores de pH (2.70 - 4.00), acidez (0.40% – 0.83%), humedad (14.00% – 31.67%), ceniza (0.20 % – 0.70%), °Brix (15.23% – 64.30%). Por su parte,  el contenido de polifenoles totales se observó que los tratamientos que se utilizaron flor de Jamaica en estado natural presentaron valores que oscilaron entre 196.26 – 215.98 mg equ. Ácido gálico /100g. A diferencia de los tratamientos elaborados con flor de jamaica deshidratas que obtuvieron los resultados más bajos (113.30 -123.90 mg equ. Ácido gálico /100g). Además, se demostró una capacidad antioxidante con valores que se situaron entre 13.60 mg mL⁻¹  -14.22 mg mL⁻¹. En relación a la caracterización sensorial se determinó que la mermelada elaborada con 50% flor de jamaica en estado natural (T3) permitió obtener un producto con mayor intensidad, resaltando las categorías sabor (4.37), textura (4.13) y aceptabilidad (4.63). 
Conclusión: La flor de Jamaica en estado natural mejora significativamente las propiedades fisicoquímicas, polifenólica y la capacidad antioxidante de la mermelada. Además, ofrece un perfil sensorial más agradable, intensificando las categorías de olor, sabor, textura y aceptabilidad.
Patient and parent perspectives on being invited to join a trial of night-time only versus full-time bracing for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis
Authors: Sherratt Frances C. , Swaby Lizzie , Walker Kerry , Jayasuriya Raveen , Campbell Laura , Mills Andrew J. , Gardner Adrian C. , Perry Daniel C. , Cole Ashley , Young Bridget
Published: February 2025

Aims

The Bracing Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis (BASIS) study is a randomized controlled non-inferiority pragmatic trial of ‘full-time bracing’ (FTB) compared to ‘night-time bracing’ (NTB) for the treatment of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS). We anticipated that recruiting patients to BASIS would be challenging, as it is a paediatric trial comparing two markedly different bracing pathways. No previous studies have compared the experiences of AIS patients treated with FTB to those treated with NTB. This qualitative study was embedded in BASIS to explore families’ perspectives of BASIS, to inform trial communication, and to identify strategies to support patients treated in a brace.

Methods

Semi-structured interviews were conducted with parents (n = 26) and young people (n = 21) who had been invited to participate in BASIS at ten of the 22 UK paediatric spine services in hospitals recruiting to BASIS. Audio-recorded interviews were transcribed and analyzed thematically.

Results

Families viewed their interactions with BASIS recruiters positively, but were often confused about core aspects of BASIS, such as the aims, expectations of bracing, and the process of randomization. Participants typically expressed a preference for NTB, but recruiters may have framed NTB more favourably. Patients and parents reported challenges wearing a brace, such as physical discomfort, feelings of self-consciousness, difficulty participating in physical activities, and strain on financial resources to support brace use. Patients in FTB reported more pronounced challenges. While families valued health professional support, they felt there was a lack of social, emotional, and school support, and relied on online resources, as well private counselling services to address this need.

Conclusion

The findings informed the development of resources and strategies, including guidance for schools and the recommendations in this paper, to support patients to wear NTB and FTB as prescribed. The results indicated opportunities for recruiters to enhance trial communication in ways that could improve informed consent and recruitment to BASIS, and inform future trials of bracing.

Cite this article: Bone Jt Open 2025;6(2):135–146.
Mechanisms, Models, and Clinical Applications of Cell Membrane Electroporation
Authors: Marazzi Daniele , Carotenuto Felicia , Trovalusci Federica , Caruccio Patrizia , Nardo Paolo Di
Published: February 2025

Electroporation is an essential biophysical process that involves the use of pulsed electric fields to temporarily increase the permeability of cell membranes. A comprehensive overview of the main clinical and biomedical applications of cellular electroporation is provided here with a particular focus on cancer therapy, genetics, and drug delivery. The review concentrates on the characterization of membrane stresses caused by electroporation and their impact on cell membrane structure and dynamics. It analyses the relationship between applied electric fields, cell geometry, and membrane composition with the aim of developing mathematical models to simulate cell geometries and the electroporation process. Furthermore, it identifies both the beneficial effects and potential complications of the electroporation treatment, as well as the various mathematical models that have been developed to simulate the effects of such treatments. The use of sophisticated simulation algorithms enables an in-depth investigation of the intricate relationship between electrical parameters and cellular responses, facilitating a comprehensive assessment of the efficacy and safety of the electroporation procedures.
Growth and mortality model of Caesio cuning in Karimunjawa National Park, Indonesia
Authors: PUTRA PRANATA CANDRA PERDANA , WAHYUDI SETYO TRI , SAMBAH ABU BAKAR , SARTIMBUL AIDA
Published: February 2025

Abstract. Putra PCP, Wahyudi ST, Sambah AB, Sartimbul A. 2024. Growth and mortality model of Caesio cuning in Karimunjawa National Park, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 25: 4215-4222. Global climate change causes an increase in sea surface temperatures and changes in current patterns, which implies the occurrence of marine deoxidation, which has an impact on fish reproduction and growth and coupled with high levels of exploitation, which causes a decrease in fisheries productivity in the Karimunjawa National Park Area, one of which is yellowtail (Caesio cuning (Bloch, 1791)). This study aims to analyze yellowtail growth and mortality model with a biology approach. Samples were collected from as many as 900 individuals during the Northwest and Southeast monsoon season. Data were analyzed using the von Bertalanffy growth model with FAO-ICLARM Stock Assessment Tools II. The results show a significant relationship between the Northwest and Southeast monsoon seasons where growth is negative allometric because b<3 with r2 values ??in each season of 0.85 and 0.89, the growth model obtained (Lt = 389.6[1 - e0.22-(t0+0.37)]) with total mortality of 2.02, where fishing mortality (F) 1.69 and natural mortality (M) 0.33 and produces an exploitation level (E) of 0.84 which indicates that yellowtail has been fully exploited as indicated by the value of E>0.5. The highest recruitment pattern occurs in the Southeast monsoon season (July), amounting to 19.46%. This means that sustainable management is needed to maintain the stock of yellowtail resources in the Karimunjawa National Park Area.
Genetic diversity of mangoes (Mangifera indica L.) and its relatives in Seliu Island, Belitung District, Indonesia based on Inter-Simple Sequence Repeat markers
Authors: RESMI DENIA DWI CITRA , CHIKMAWATI TATIK , DJUITA NINA RATNA , FENDIYANTO MIFTAHUL HUDA , RAHMAWATI DEWI
Published: February 2025

Abstract. Resmi DDC, Chikmawati T, Djuita NR, Fendiyanto MH, Rahmawati D. 2024. Genetic diversity of mango (Mangifera indica L.) and its relatives in Seliu Island, Belitung District, Indonesia based on Inter-Simple Sequence Repeat markers. Biodiversitas 25: 4253-4264. Seliu Island is known as a mango island, but information on their identity, taxonomic status, and abundance of mango variety on this island has yet to be recorded. This study aimed to identify the genetic diversity of mangoes on Seliu Island. Fifteen Inter-Simple Sequence Repeat (ISSR) primers were used to profile the genetic diversity of 49 mango accessions from Seliu Island. The selected primers produced 193 polymorphic bands out of 222 (86.17%). All mango accessions on Seliu Island were identified and can be classified into eight species: Mangifera indica, Mangifera laurina, Mangifera zeylanica, Mangifera magnifica, Mangifera quadrifida, Mangifera caesia, Mangifera odorata, and Mangifera foetida. The genetic diversity among species was high, with a Shannon's information index of 0.334 and expected heterozygosity of 0.210. The unweighted pair group method with arithmetic average (UPGMA) dendrogram was created using a simple matching method, and all accessions were grouped into two main clusters according to their subgenus, Limus (Marchand) Kosterm and Mangifera. All accessions are also grouped according to their species. This study shows that the accessions from Seliu Island and West Java tend to cluster based on geographical origin. The study of mango genetic diversity using ISSR markers provided valuable information on the genetic relationships and variability among local mango cultivars on Seliu Island. This information can be used for breeding programs, conservation, and developing mango varieties.
Putting Phryne’s Clothes Back On: Posidippus fr. 13 KA Revisited
Authors: Daly Alastair
Published: February 2025

Abstract: It is generally accepted that Phryne’s disrobement in court was invented by either Idomeneus or Hermippus, and that the comic poet Posidippus was unaware of the anecdote. This paper argues that the story was already current and that Posidippus (fr. 13 KA) alludes to it for comic effect. Abstract: Il est généralement admis que le déshabillage de Phryné devant le tribunal a été inventé soit par Idoménée soit par Hermippe, et que le poète comique Posidippe ne connaissait pas l’anecdote. Cet article soutient que l’histoire était déjà connue à l’époque de Posidippe et que celui-ci (fr. 13 KA) y fait allusion pour produire un effet comique.
Sit sacrilegus— A neglected “topos” of Roman invective in Cicero’s indignationes
Authors: Schwameis Christoph
Published: February 2025

Abstract: This paper relates the modern invective “topoi,” important in research on Cicero’s speeches, to ancient rhetorical theory as present in Cicero’s De inventione . A particular proximity is evident in the doctrine of indignatio , which lists loci communes in which “topoi” such as the tyrant or the sacrilegious are implicitly recognizable. I shall examine the relationship between the rules on loci communes and the “topos” of the sacrilegious in this paper, using Cicero’s speeches against Verres as an example: Impiety, a frequently ignored object of Cicero’s invectives, is thus brought into connection with his theoretical utterances. In doing so, I shall briefly discuss Verres’s depiction as a sacrilegious person in general and its references to other speeches of Cicero. Mainly, however, I focus on the use of the motif in the indignationes of the actio secunda in Verrem . Here, Cicero’s productive use of the teachings of Greek theory becomes apparent.
Knife-edge measurement of a camera system’s entrance pupil
Authors: Burrell Derek J. , Parker Allen J. , Haefner David P. , Burks Stephen D.
Published: February 2025

In this paper, we document and demonstrate a means of directly
measuring the entrance-pupil diameter of an unknown camera system. It
is common practice to make direct measurements of a lens assembly,
either by imaging with a second camera and counting pixels or using an
external measurement instrument, such as a traveling microscope. These
procedures favor back-illumination of a freestanding lens, however,
which is not always feasible in a closed system. Here, we describe an
alternative measurement procedure that utilizes a point source at the
focus of an off-axis Newtonian collimator to generate collimated
light; this allows us to place a beam block between the incident light
and the infinite-conjugate system under test, where the normalized
power received depends solely on the scan distance across the block
and the entrance-pupil diameter. Thus, by measuring the normalized
power focused in the image plane as a function of scan distance, we
can calculate the system’s entrance-pupil diameter with a high degree
of confidence. We demonstrate this concept both through numerical
simulation and laboratory testing over a range of entrance-pupil
diameters. We further show a comparison with the traveling-microscope
technique in terms of accuracy and ease of use. These methods improve
our ability to update existing system models with objective
measurements, as entrance-pupil diameter factors into many critical
performance metrics, including optical cross section and modulation
transfer function. The tools developed in support of this reproducible
research effort are available on GitHub (https://github.com/derekburrell/camera-evaluation).
Fabrication of microlens array using backside exposure and DMD-based grayscale lithography
Authors: Hung Chien-Kai , Wu Chun-Ying , Lee Yung-Chun
Published: February 2025

This paper explores the fabrication of aspherical microlens arrays using a grayscale ultraviolet (UV) exposure system based on a digital micromirror device (DMD). The proposed DMD-based lithography system employs an oblique stepping method, where the DMD array is slightly tilted in the stepping direction to perform step-by-step grayscale UV exposure. This approach assigns the DMD pixels to a group of exposure points that are uniformly distributed over a large area with high spatial resolution. Consequently, the desired UV dose distribution for accurately shaping microlens array profiles after photoresist (PR) development is achieved. Unlike many previous approaches, this technique utilizes backside UV patterning on a transparent substrate, allowing direct use of negative-tone PR materials for microlens fabrication. Comprehensive theoretical analysis and numerical modeling are provided, alongside detailed experimental procedures and measurement results.
High-speed reconfigurable spatiotemporal beam scanning enabled by a frequency-encoded optical phased array
Authors: Zhang Yuqiu , Chang Hongxiang , Nie Zhongquan , Shu Bowang , Tang Shiqing , Leng Jinyong , Wu Jian , Zhou Pu
Published: February 2025

Laser beam scanning technology has potential applications in various fields, including LIDAR, laser processing, and optical communication. However, the capability of non-mechanical beam scanning is limited by the response time of an optical element, posing challenges in achieving both high-speed scanning and reconfigurable output beams. Here we propose a new concept, to the best of our knowledge, of the frequency-encoded optical phased array (OPA) to enable high-speed reconfigurable dynamic scanning. This is achieved by employing the customized frequency deviations on the array elements of the OPA. It is turned out that, in this way, the dynamic spatiotemporal beams with continuous scanning capability can be realized. We further find that the scanning speed is linearly proportional to the frequency deviation. Moreover, we are able to give access to multi-directional and customizable structured spatiotemporal beam scanning by encoding the on-demand frequency and phase deviations. The approach proposed here might be useful for high-speed reconfigurable beam scanning with high-power output.
Entanglement swapping with spatially multiplexed modes in an atomic-ensemble quantum memory in a single excitation regime
Authors: Wang Minjie , Jiao Haole , Lu Jiajin , Fan Wenxin , Li Shujing , Wang Hai
Published: February 2025

Entanglement swapping (ES) between memory repeater links is critical for establishing quantum networks via quantum repeaters. So far, ES with atomic-ensemble-based memories has not been achieved. Here, we experimentally demonstrate ES between different spatial modes for a cold-atom-ensemble quantum memory via the Duan-Lukin-Cirac-Zoller scheme. With a cloud of cold atoms inserted in a cavity, we produce non-classically correlated spin-wave-photon pairs in 12 spatial modes. We then prepare two entangled pairs of spin-wave modes through memory multiplexing. Via single-photon Bell-state measurement on retrieved fields from two spin-wave modes, we project the two remaining modes never entangled previously into an entangled state with a measured concurrence of C=0.0124±0.0030. The successful probability of ES in our scheme is increased by three times, compared with that in the scheme without memory multiplexing. Our presented work shows that the generation of entanglement (C>0) between the remaining spin-wave modes requires the average cross-correlation function of the spin-wave-photon pairs to be ≥30. This presented work represents a significant step toward practical quantum repeaters.
A thulium-doped tellurite distributed Bragg reflector waveguide laser on a silicon nitride chip
Authors: Frare Bruno Segat , Hashemi Batoul , MajidianTaleghani Niloofar , Ahmadi Pooya Torab , Bonneville Dawson , Mbonde Hamidu , Frankis Henry , Mascher Peter , Selvaganapathy Ravi , Bradley Jonathan
Published: February 2025

We show a distributed Bragg reflector laser operating at 1875 nm, using a hybrid silicon nitride photonic chip coated with thulium-doped tellurite glass. The passive laser cavity consists of nominally 50-nm-wide sidewall Bragg gratings directly patterned in a 1.2-μm-wide, 0.2-μm-thick, and 22-mm-long silicon nitride waveguide on a thermally-oxidized silicon substrate fabricated using a standard foundry process. A 0.39-μm-thick thulium-doped tellurium dioxide optical gain layer was deposited onto the chip by reactive radio frequency magnetron co-sputtering. The resulting hybrid laser includes 6- and 4-mm-long gratings separated by a 11-mm gap to form an asymmetrical cavity and promote directional lasing off the shorter reflector. We obtain a maximum on-chip output power of 4.5 mW and lasing threshold of 20 mW when pumping at 1610 nm. A total slope efficiency of 5% was achieved, as well as a thermal tunability of the laser wavelength of 32.3 pm/°C. These results are a step towards simple, compact, and high-power on-chip thulium-based tellurite lasers for silicon-based photonic integrated circuits.
mRNA stability fine-tunes gene expression in the developing cortex to control neurogenesis
Authors: Serdar Lucas D. , Egol Jacob R. , Lackford Brad , Bennett Brian D. , Hu Guang , Silver Debra L.
Published: February 2025

RNA abundance is controlled by rates of synthesis and degradation. Although mis-regulation of RNA turnover is linked to neurodevelopmental disorders, how it contributes to cortical development is largely unknown. Here, we discover the landscape of RNA stability regulation in the cerebral cortex and demonstrate that intact RNA decay machinery is essential for corticogenesis in vivo. We use SLAM-seq to measure RNA half-lives transcriptome-wide across multiple stages of cortical development. Leveraging these data, we discover cis-acting features associated with RNA stability and probe the relationship between RNA half-life and developmental expression changes. Notably, RNAs that are up-regulated across development tend to be more stable, while down-regulated RNAs are less stable. Using compound mouse genetics, we discover CNOT3, a core component of the CCR4-NOT deadenylase complex linked to neurodevelopmental disease, is essential for cortical development. Conditional knockout of Cnot3 in neural progenitors and their progeny in the developing mouse cortex leads to severe microcephaly due to altered cell fate and p53-dependent apoptosis. Finally, we define the molecular targets of CNOT3, revealing it controls expression of poorly expressed, non-optimal mRNAs in the cortex, including cell cycle-related transcripts. Collectively, our findings demonstrate that fine-tuned control of RNA turnover is crucial for brain development.
Geospatial modeling of geographical spread of Aedes species, in relation to climatic and topographical factors in Lagos State, Nigeria
Authors: Babalola Ayodele Samuel , Adeogun Adedapo O. , Thabet Hala S. , TagEldin Reham A. , Oyeniyi Tolulope , Adekunle Olanrewaju , Izekor Romoke , Adetunji Oluwakemi , Olalekan Olagundoye , Omotayo Ahmed , Abiodun Olakiigbe , Adediran Adewale Daniel , Adekeye Taye , Adegbola Adesoye O. , Isaac Chidinma , Okoko Phillip O. , Harwood James F.
Published: February 2025

The ecology and biology of mosquito disease vectors of the genus Aedes are highly dynamic, adapting to various climatic and topographic factors which makes their control challenging. Evidence-based control of Aedes mosquitoes requires a detailed understanding of this adaptability, which is greatly influenced by environmental dynamics. Understanding the drivers of their distribution is hence pertinent to predict disease risk. To better understand drivers and dynamics, we studied the distribution of Aedes mosquitoes in Lagos State, Nigeria, and its connection to climatic and human factors. Aedes larvae and adults were collected from eight Local Government Areas (LGAs, four urban and four rural) in Lagos State, resulting in 98 occurrence points. Using 23 environmental variables, we modeled the geographic distribution of Aedes spp. under current climatic conditions. Human population density was overlaid to estimate the risk of arboviral diseases. Although Aedes mosquitoes were found in all the eight LGAs in different proportions, species distribution varied considerably. Both Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus were found across the LGAs with evidence of species partitioning. Virtually all the LGAs were predicted to be highly suitable environments for Aedes mosquitoes, with only two LGAs being moderately suitable. Anthropogenic factors including the extensive accumulation of tires contribute to larval habitat availability for both Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus. Urban areas with high population density were also associated with increased larval habitat availability when compared with rural areas. Furthermore, the model suggests that LGAs sharing border with Ogun State are highly suitable environments for Aedes spp. Our study highlights that the main contributing factors to Aedes distribution were precipitation and temperature in the coldest quarter. This paper aims to understand how human and climatic factors affect Aedes mosquitoes distribution in Lagos State, which is crucial to prevent disease transmission.
Medical students’ knowledge, attitudes, and motivation towards antimicrobial resistance efforts in Eastern Uganda
Authors: Babuya Jonathan , Waruingi Daniel , Mungujakisa Douglas , Ahimbisibwe Osmas , Kako Victoria Ruth , Aporu Faith , Mugume Emmanuel , Nyamupachitu Julian , Kiyimba Kenedy
Published: February 2025

Introduction

Learning beyond the classroom is important for holistic engagement in antimicrobial resistance(AMR) mitigation. Extracurricular interventions can catalyze multidisciplinary engagement and inspire innovative solutions. This study aimed to determine the knowledge, attitudes, and motivations influencing medical students’ engagement in AMR Club initiatives at Busitema University, Uganda.

Methodology

This was a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted at Busitema University among undergraduate students pursuing Bachelors of Medicine and Surgery, Bachelor of Science in Nursing, and Bachelor of Science in Anesthesia and Critical care. Data collection was performed using a semi-structured, pre-tested questionnaire and administered to the participants The Bloom’s cut-off method was used to analyse the knowledge of the participants, while bivariate analysis was conducted using the chi square test. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to identify factors independently associated with students’ engagement in AMR club activities.

Results

Of the 193 study participants, 71.5%(n) demonstrated sufficient knowledge about antimicrobial resistance (AMR), as determined using Bloom’s cutoff categories (≥60% classified as sufficient, <60% as insufficient), with an average knowledge score of 68.18% (SD ±16.12). Additionally, 90% of participants acknowledged the significance of incorporating AMR topics into their curriculum, while 87.5% emphasized the need for AMR training using a One Health approach. The major motivations for students to engage in extracurricular activities addressing AMR were peer influence (n = 42), university support (n = 35), and inspiration drawn from peer mentors’ work (n = 35).

Conclusion

The students demonstrated a high level of knowledge and positive attitudes towards AMR but highlighted the need for further in-depth training. Participation in extra-curricular activities such as involvement in an AMR Club, was found to significantly influence students’ engagement in AMR related interventions.
Design and analysis of lightweight and robust authentication protocol for securing the resource constrained IIoT environment
Authors: Alghamdi Ahmed Mohammed
Published: February 2025

The Internet of Things (IoT) is a vast network of devices, sensors, wearables, or any other object capable of processing, storing, sending, and receiving data over an open network channel. This versatility gives IoT numerous applications, one of them being in the industry, also known as the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT). As IIoT relies on an open network channel for data sharing, it is vulnerable to numerous threats, including side channels, impersonation attacks, and clock synchronization issues for which device authentication becomes crucial. Researchers occasionally proposed numerous authentication protocols using conventional cryptographic methods, identity-based cryptographic techniques, or certificateless methods; however, these protocols either suffer from modular exponentiation partial private key distribution problems or are completed in four to five round-trips during authentication. Therefore, this article presents an Elliptic Curve Cryptographic (ECC)-based efficient technique that emerges as a significant solution, addressing the certificate revocations, overheads problem, and the partial private key distribution problem of identity-based cryptography, respectively. The security of the proposed ECC-based protocol is of utmost importance in addressing all the known vulnerabilities in IIoT, freeing the industrial system from the urgency and the issue of data breaches. Its potential to instil a sense of security and confidence in IIoT deployment is crucial in improving user trust. Upon comparing the proposed protocol with state-of-the-art schemes, the result demonstrated that the proposed protocol enhanced 51.44% in terms of communication costs and 91.88% in terms of computation costs. So, it is recommended for practical implementation due to its fast and provable secure nature, making the industry feel confident and safe about its implementation.
Guest Editorial: 30 Years of Thank Yous
Authors: Goss David
Published: February 2025

Guest Editorial: 30 Years of Thank Yous
Impact of salt stress on physiological traits in tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.)
Authors: Kumar M , Vanitha K , Sankari A
Published: February 2025

Salt stress is a major abiotic factor that limits plant growth and development globally, primarily due to the use of low-quality irrigation water and soil salinization caused by seawater intrusion. This study examines physiological parameters, antioxidant enzymes and the K/Na ratio in response to salt stress in various tomato genotypes at a salinity level of 8 dS m-1 during the vegetative stage. Specifically, it investigates superoxide dismutase activity, relative water content, electrolyte leakage, proline content, chlorophyll fluorescence and potassium and sodium ion content in roots, shoots and leaves. The results revealed significant variation in salt tolerance among the different genotypes. Genotypes LE-14 and LE-1 demonstrated superior performance under salt stress, displaying higher relative water content, reduced electrolyte leakage, increased superoxide dismutase activity, elevated proline content and favorable K/Na ratios. Principal component analysis showed significant eigenvalues, accounting for 72.5% of the total variability. These findings provide valuable insights into the mechanisms of salt tolerance in tomato crops and highlight the potential of LE-14 and LE-1 for cultivation in saline environments. The study emphasizes the importance of conducting field trials to validate these results for sustainable production in saltaffected areas.
O kilku frazeologizmach gwarowych w polszczyźnie południowokresowej
Authors: Kostecka-Sadowa Anna
Published: February 2025

Celem artykułu jest omówienie przekleństw z komponentem chłań, naser mater, naser fajku, kibini oraz szlag / szlak w polszczyźnie południowokresowej. Niektóre z nich poświadczone są zarówno w gwarach polskich, jak i w odmianie ogólnopolskiej. Język odzwierciedla pochodzenie i status socjalny człowieka. Przy zbieraniu materiału badani respondenci unikają używania przekleństw. Dlatego przekleństwa, choć często stosowane w mowie, rzadko były i są odnotowywane w słownikach oraz sporadyczniebywają obiektem leksykograficznego opisu. W materiale znalazły się również frazeologizmy kresowe, ponieważ język ten reprezentuje zjawiska, charakterystyczne dla gwar południowo-wschodnich, z zapożyczeniami ze słowiańskich i niesłowiańskich języków.
U źródeł chłopskiego humoru
Authors: Sikora Kazimierz
Published: February 2025

Tekst przedstawia uwagi i ustalenia autora na temat ludowego humoru oraz tradycyjnego dyskursu ludycznego polskiej wsi i pragmatycznych aspektów komunikacji żartobliwej w gwarze. Autor skupia uwagę na cechach wyróżniających humor językowy polskich chłopów, między innymi na zamiłowaniu do absurdu i paradoksu oraz dominacji wyobrażeń typowych dla kultury śmiechu środowisk zdegradowanych społecznie, ekonomicznie i politycznie.
Law and Economics in Japan’s Courts: Emerging Trends and Developments
Authors: Saito Hiroharu
Published: February 2025

This article briefly reviews the emerging trends of incorporating law and economics perspectives within the Japanese judiciary. In the first part, I review opinions of Justice Koichi Kusano, the first justice in the history of the Supreme Court to adopt law and economics approaches. In particular, I discuss his two key approaches: the maximization of well-being and the use of quantitative empirical analysis. In the second part, I explore the broader judiciary context, including transformations in the Supreme Court’s majority opinions and the practices of lower courts and lawyers. Specifically, I highlight the Supreme Court’s growing emphasis on empirical data, particularly concerning social circumstances and public attitudes. Additionally, I analyze the subsequent shift in lawyers’ practices, which increasingly include the submission of survey data and statistical evidence. I also present emerging trends in the annual number of court decisions that reference regression analysis.
Rheological and mechanical properties of self-compacting concrete with recycled coarse aggregate from the demolition of large panel system buildings
Authors: Malazdrewicz Seweryn , Ostrowski Krzysztof Adam , Sadowski Łukasz
Published: February 2025

Self-compacting concrete (SCC), which can be placed and consolidated under its weight without any vibration effort, was first developed in 1988 to achieve durable concrete structures. Since then, a lot of research has been conducted in order to reduce the consumption of raw materials in SCC. Although coarse aggregate and design methods are known to influence concrete properties, there are still knowledge gaps that need to be filled. This study uses a new source of recycled coarse aggregate (RCA), namely the concrete panels of old large panel system buildings demolished in urban areas. The aim of the study is to verify the effect of this aggregate on the rheological and mechanical properties of SCC. To enhance the properties of SCC, the modified equivalent mortar volume (mEMV) method of designing a concrete mix was used. It has not been verified before for SCC, and a literature review suggests it has the potential to eliminate the drawbacks of ordinary equivalent mortar volume methods. The SCC that was used in the study is characterized by having a high viscosity and an average consistency. The hardened SCC used in the research was highly impacted by its mix design and RCA content. Both compressive strength and abrasion resistance decreased when the RCA content increased. However, using the mEMV method resulted in a 10 and 1% improvement in compressive strength and abrasion resistance, respectively.
Carnap und Heidegger
Authors: Damböck Christian
Published: February 2025

Rudolf Carnap and Martin Heidegger shared with Max Weber the decisionist understanding of values as something that cannot be justified by scientists or philosophers. Although both accepted the challenge of modernity in this respect, they reacted in opposite ways. Carnap, along with the Vienna Circle, defended a scientific conception of the world in which science and instrumental rationality were to permeate all of life; Heidegger embarked on an understanding of metaphysics in which rationality and science were to be eliminated. Both strategies were deeply political, and both resulted from the split in the German youth and life-reform movement that took place during and immediately after World War I. I discuss this image here in the context of dialectical theology, the Vienna Circle, and the Davos Disputation, with a sideways glance at Ernst Cassirer, and with a view to earlier interpretations by Michael Friedman and Gottfried Gabriel.
Zwischen Kontingenzeinsicht und Geltungsbegehren
Authors: Langner-Pitschmann Annette
Published: February 2025

Globalisation makes the contingency of every interpretation of reality increasingly evident. This creates a tension between the subjective persuasiveness of an attitude and the awareness of its contingency. The article argues that this tension is a central theme of a future philosophy of religion. Proceeding from Armin Nassehi, Paul Ricoeur and Hans Joas, the first part analyses central implications of a growing contingency sensitivity. It shows that in this process cognitive and affective aspects are closely interwoven. The second part examines the question how the reflexive knowledge of the contingency of a standpoint can be reconciled with the pre-reflective intuition of its privileged validity. With Hans Blumenberg’s concept of rhetorical consolation and Peter Jonkers’ notion of existential truth, the article discusses two solutions to this challenge. In conclusion, both are considered as examples of how philosophy of religion can contribute to substantiating the idea of a ‘contingent certainty’ (Joas).
Gott nicht-personal gedacht
Authors: Gasser Georg
Published: February 2025

This paper explores recent developments in the philosophy of religion, emphasising alternative conceptions of God that move away from personal theism. Two alternative frameworks are presented: the euteleological concept of God developed by John Bishop and Ken Perszyk, which views God as an emergent phenomenon of an inherently purposive and good reality, and John L. Schellenberg’s ultimism, which conceptualises ultimate reality as metaphysical, axiological and soteriological ultimate, advocating for a cautious, open-ended understanding of the divine. These models argue for a humble and exploratory stance toward religious understanding. They suggest a shift toward a pluralistic, non-personalist framework in conceptualising the divine and ultimate meaning.
Hydroelectric simulation of the phreatic water response of mining cracked soil based on microbial solidification
Authors: Gao Ying , Ismail Mohd Ashraf Mohamad , Li Tao , Li Bo , Zhang Jiarui
Published: February 2025

Coal mining in ecologically fragile areas results in the failure of aquiclude layers and the loss of surface water bodies. Herein, research was conducted on the microbial solidification of cracked soils and the corresponding response of the ecological water table. A simulation of mining-induced cracked soils was performed via microbial solidification. The mechanical and hydrological properties of cracked soil samples repaired with different filling materials were compared via unconfined compressive strength and falling head permeability tests. Hydraulic-electric similarity modeling techniques were employed to evaluate the effectiveness of microbial solidification in the aquiclude layers. After low-temperature acclimation, Bacillus megaterium adapted to the geological environment of the study area, exhibiting a high viable cell density. When the cracked soil was filled with a 1:1 ratio of aeolian sand to clay particles, the microbially remediated soil demonstrated optimal mechanical and hydraulic properties. Hydraulic-electric similarity numerical simulations revealed that the ecological water table at the coalface remained within a reasonable range following microbial solidification, suggesting that microbial solidification achieved water-preserving coal mining. These findings provide a reference for restoring aquiclude layers damaged by coal mining.