bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Gynecological disorders in bladder pain syndrome/interstitial cystitis patients
Authors: Cervigni Mauro , Natale Franca
Published: May 2014

Objectives

Bladder pain syndrome/interstitial cystitis, a chronic inflammatory condition of the bladder, is the source of pain in over 30% of female patients with chronic pelvic pain. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the most frequent associations between bladder pain syndrome/interstitial cystitis and gynecological disorders.

Methods

A literature review of the previous 10 years was carried out to evaluate the incidence of gynecological diseases in patients with bladder pain syndrome/interstitial cystitis.

Results

Hypertonic pelvic floor dysfunction with associated voiding dysfunction can be present in bladder pain syndrome/interstitial cystitis patients. It has been estimated that the prevalence ranges from 50% to 87%. Endometriosis affects 1–7% of the general population and up to 70% of women with endometriosis have some type of pain symptoms, a recent systematic review estimated the prevalence of bladder pain syndrome to be 61%, of endometriosis to be 70%, and coexisting bladder pain syndrome and endometriosis to be 48%. Vulvodynia is represented by pain, or an unpleasant altered sensation, in the vulva. Women with vestibulodynia are likely to have other additional pain conditions, such as fibromyalgia, irritable bowel syndrome or chronic fatigue syndrome. Recent data reported that vestibulodynia affects 25% of women with bladder pain syndrome/interstitial cystitis.

Conclusions

Bladder pain syndrome/interstitial cystitis is a complex pathology often associated with vulvodynia, endometriosis and pelvic floor dysfunctions. Therefore, it is of utmost importance to obtain an accurate evaluation ruling out confusable disease, such as pudendal neuropathy. The optimal approach is a combined treatment oriented not only to treat the bladder, but also the other components responsible for the pain disorder.
Predictors of positive surgical margins and their location in Korean men undergoing radical prostatectomy
Authors: Choo Min Soo , Cho Sung Yong , Jeong Chang Wook , Lee Seung Bae , Ku Ja Hyeon , Hong Sung Kyu , Byun Seok‐Soo , Kwak Cheol , Kim Hyeon Hoe , Lee Sang Eun , Jeong Hyeon
Published: May 2014

Objective

To evaluate preoperative predictors of positive surgical margins and their location in Korean men undergoing radical prostatectomy.

Methods

A total of 3227 patients who had undergone radical prostatectomy (open, robotic or laparoscopic) for clinically localized prostate cancer at three centers between 2000 and 2010 were analyzed. Patients were stratified by using the D'Amico risk criteria. Positive surgical margins were categorized according to their location. Patients were divided depending on their prostate volume: <29, 29–36, 36–46 and ≥46 mL. All of the patients had a minimum of six. A total of 2041 patients (84.9%) underwent 12–14 core biopsies. In each patient, the number and location of positive cores with cancer were assessed. In the analysis of predictive factors for positive surgical margin locations, regression analysis was carried out using only open and robotic prostatectomy.

Results

The preoperative prostate‐specific antigen, prostate volume, biopsy Gleason scores and clinical stage were significantly associated with an increased risk of positive surgical margins. The predictive variables for positive apical margin were small prostate volume (less than 29 mL) and positive apical biopsy. There were no statistically significant predictors for positive posterolateral or basal margin. Positive apical biopsy was the predictor of positive apical margin in open (odds ratio 1.7, P = 0.009) and robotic prostatectomy (odds ratio 2.2, P = 0.041). Small prostate volume was the predictor of positive apical margin in open prostatectomy (odds ratio 1.6, P = 0.012), but for positive basal margin in robotic radical prostatectomy (odds ratio 4.5, P < 0.001). In survival analysis, positive basal margin showed worse prognoses on biochemical recurrence than positive apical margin.

Conclusions

High prostate‐specific antigen and small prostate volume are predictive factors of positive surgical margin in Korean patients undergoing radical prostatectomy. Apical positivity on extended transrectal biopsy represents a predictive factor of positive surgical margin. Small prostate volume is associated with higher risk of positive surgical margins at the apex in open radical prostatectomy and at the base in robotic‐assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy.
Excision Versus Curettage and Electrodesiccation As Dermatologic Office Procedures For The Treatment of Basal‐Cell Carcinomas
Authors: Popkin George L. , Bart Robert S.
Published: May 2014

Excision, as well as curettage and electrodesiccation, both have important places in the treatment of basal‐cell carcinomas by the dermatologist, who should be knowledgeable concerning all available methods for treating this malignancy. In this paper we discuss factors which help one select excision or curettage and electrodesiccation for the treatment of a particular basal‐cell carcinoma, rather than one of the other methods available such as x‐radiation, Mohs' surgery or cryosurgery. We further discuss factors which could influence the choice between excision and curettage and electrodesiccation.
A Comparison of Polyglycolic Acid (Dexon), Nylon and Silk Sutures in Skin Surgery
Authors: Auerbach Robert , Pearlstein Millard M.
Published: May 2014

Synthetic polyglycolic acid (Dexon) sutures were compared with silk or nylon in 50 patients requiring skin surgery. After some practice, polyglycolic acid is as easily handled as nylon or silk. Skin reactions occurred in 50% of the patients sutured with nylon, in 10% of those sutured with polyglycolic acidt and in none sutured with silk. Wound healing was satisfactory in all cases.
Maxillofacial Prosthetics: In Theory and Practice
Authors: Valauri Augustus J.
Published: May 2014

This paper deals with prosthetic therapy and replacement of deformities of the facial organs such as ear, nose and orbit. Facial prosthesis may be used as a temporary measure in cases of hiding the deformity during the treatment phase, or as a permanent restoration to be worn by the patient for the rest of his or her life when plastic surgery reconstruction is contraindicated.

The historical development of the modern day prothesis, the various material available, their desired qualities, properties and the method of fabricating them are briefly discussed. Maxillofacial prosthetic advantages and disadvantages are enumerated. Patient responsibility and the care of the prosthesis is illustrated.
Book Review
Authors: Rogers Blair
Published: May 2014

THE UNFAVORABLE RESULT IN PLASTIC SURGERY: AVOIDANCE AND TREATMENT. Edited by Robert M. Goldwyn with 54 contributing authors. Little, Brown & Company, Boston, ($38.50).

COSMETIC FACIAL SURGERY by Thomas D. Rees and Donald Wood‐Smith. W.B. Saunders Company, Philadelphia, ($55.00).
A Comparison of Polyglycolic Acid (Dexon), Nylon and Silk Sutures in Skin Surgery
Authors: Auerbach Robert , Pearlstein Millard M.
Published: May 2014

Synthetic polyglycolic acid (Dexon) sutures were compared with silk or nylon in 50 patients requiring skin surgery. After some practice, polyglycolic acid is as easily handled as nylon or silk. Skin reactions occurred in 50% of the patients sutured with nylon, in 10% of those sutured with polyglycolic acid, and in none sutured with silk. Wound healing was satisfactory in all cases.
Book Reviews
Authors: Rogers Blair
Published: May 2014

THE UNFAVORABLE RESULT IN PLASTIC SURGERY: AVOIDANCE AND TREATMENT. Edited by Robert M. Goldwyn with 54 contributing authors. Little, Brown & Company, Boston, ($38.50).

COSMETIC FACIAL SURGERY by Thomas D. Rees and Donald Wood‐Smith. W.B. Saunders Company, Philadelphia, ($55.00).
Fifteen Ways to Close Surgical Wounds
Authors: Stegman Samuel J.
Published: May 2014

Most lesions which dermatologists excise are round. Fifteen ways to repair surgical defects from excisions of them are presented, along with a discussion of the techniques, applications, advantages, and disadvantages of each method.
Local Skin‐Flap Repair of Surgical Defects of the Upper Lip in Excisions of Lesions
Authors: Simmonds Wayne L.
Published: May 2014

The following cases are presented to demonstrate the repair of surgical defects of the upper lip by the use of local skin flaps.
Squamous‐Cell Carcinoma of the Finger and Nail Bed: A Review of the Literature and Treatment by the Mohs' Surgical Technique
Authors: Albom Michael J.
Published: May 2014

Squamous‐cell carcinomas of the finger and the nail bed are uncommon lesions. Etiologic factors, clinical and histological morphology and treatment modalities of squamous‐cell carcinomas, specifically of the hand digits, are discussed. Six new cases of squamous‐cell carcinomas of the finger and nail bed treated by the Mohs' surgical technique are presented. The advantages of this modality are outlined. A review of the relevant literature with detailed references is included.
Alternate Cryogens For Cryosurgery
Authors: Torre Douglas
Published: May 2014

In the search for storable cryogens, Freon presents a viable alternative for those cryogens presently available.
A New Simplified Cryosurgical Instrument: The Foster Froster
Authors: Lubritz Ronald R. , Johns Foster
Published: May 2014

The authors report in detail the development of a simplified, yet highly efficient cryosurgical instrument. It is lightweight, portable, inexpensive, and easy to use. Studies show it to be comparable in most instances to a popular contemporary unit. Its chief drawback appears to be that it cannot serve as a liquid nitrogen reservoir for extended periods, although it can be used for multiple procedures without re‐filling.
CAPSULE ANESTHESIOLOGY: Use Of Local Anesthetics In Dermatology
Authors: Abadir Adel
Published: May 2014

This paper, the first of three articles, will attempt to give a simple and fairly comprehensive understanding of the pharmacology, mode of action, and best means of application of the most commonly utilized local anesthetics. A brief discussion of toxicity, possible complications, their prevention and treatment will be included.
Dermatology Abroad: Switzerland
Authors: Tapernoux Bernard
Published: May 2014

The teaching of dermatologic surgery in Switzerland is briefly outlined.
Histographic Surgery: Accuracy of Visual Assessment of the Margins of Basal‐Cell Epithelioma
Authors: Burg Gunter , Hirsch Rolf D. , Konz Birger , Braun‐Falco Otto
Published: May 2014

Mohs' chemosurgery, with its complete microscopic control, is the most reliable procedure in achieving complete ablation of basal‐cell epitheliomas on the face. By utilizing this method, we compared basal‐cell epitheliomas treated by histographic surgery both as to the clinically estimated extension and as to the actual size of the defect resulting from complete tumor removal. This paper deals with the question of how broad a margin of normal tissue should be included in the excision of tumors of varying sizes.
Advantages of the Electric Power Driven Punch in Hair Transplants
Authors: Norwood O'tar T.
Published: May 2014

The power driven punch is superior to the hand held punch not only because it is faster and easier, but also because better grafts containing more viable hairs per graft can be obtained with its proper use.
Surgical Procedures For The Treatment of Acne Vulgaris
Authors: Shalita Alan R.
Published: May 2014

A variety of surgical procedures practicable in the office are useful in the treatment of acne vulgaris. These are comedo extraction, incision and drainage of pustules, abcesses and cysts, cryosurgery, and excision of sinus tracts and epithelial bridges. Their place in the management of acne is described.
Book Reviews
Authors: Rogers Blair
Published: May 2014

ELECTIVE INCISIONS AND SCAR REVISION. Albert F. Borges. Little, Brown & Company, Boston, 1974. $30.00.

TRANSFORMATION AND IDENTITY: THE FACE AND PLASTIC SURGERY. Frances Cooke Macgregor. Quadrangle, The New York Times Book Company, New York, 1974. $8.95.
Perfusion Therapy for Skin Cancer
Authors: Golomb Frederick M.
Published: May 2014

Surgical techniques for the selective administration of anti‐cancer drugs is presented. These isolated‐perfusion or intra‐arterial infusion procedures have achieved significant palliation for many patients with advanced cancer. When used in conjunction with surgical excision of certain early skin cancers, such as aggressive forms of malignant melanoma of the extremities, improved cure rates may be achieved.
Observations on a New Absorbable Suture Material
Authors: Deutsch Harold L.
Published: May 2014

The desire to employ the best possible suture material led to an experiment using Vicryl™. The method and results of this study of 50 cases involving 170 wound closures are discussed.
Spot Dermabrasion, A Useful Minor Surgical Procedure
Authors: Farber George A. , Burks James W. , Brown Gary R. , Murphy Jack P.
Published: May 2014

The use of dermabrasion for correction of acne scarring and treatment of actinic damaged skin is well known. The usefulness of this type surgery for the treatment of other conditions like seborrheic keratoses, lentigines, milia, tattoos, and superficial scars is explained.
Transplantation of Hair Bulbs and Melanocytes into Leukodermic Scars
Authors: Lobuono Philip , Shatin Harry
Published: May 2014

In performing transplantations of hair into places scarred and depigmented by discoid lupus erythematosus, it was found that considerable repigmentation in addition to growth of viable hairs was achieved.
Adventitious Tattooing
Authors: Agris Joseph
Published: May 2014

A hard‐bristle toothbrush proves an efficient instrument for removing foreign material impregnated into the skin via explosive or abrasive trauma.
Epidermal Surgery
Authors: Shelley Walter B.
Published: May 2014

A review is given of the concepts, special tools, and techniques required for the intelligent practice of surgery on the epidermis and a new technique for removal of epidermal lesions by electrosurgical dissection is described.
Surgical Correction of Intertriginous Soft Corns
Authors: Meltzer Leonard
Published: May 2014

A new surgical technique for the excision of intertriginous soft corns with advancement of the floor of toe webs is presented.
Wedge Resection of the Lower Lip
Authors: Knowles W. Roy
Published: May 2014

Wedge resection of tumors on the lower lip can be done as an office procedure. The operative technique with special emphasis on realigning the vermilion is described.
Squamous‐Cell and Basal‐Cell Carcinomas in Black Patients
Authors: Amonette Rex A. , Kaplan Robert J.
Published: May 2014

Squamous‐cell and basal‐cell carcinomas of the skin are rare in black patients. Etiologic factors, body distribution, and aggressiveness of these cancers in blacks are discussed. The roles of ultraviolet light and pigment dispersion are noted.
An Improved Mattress Suture
Authors: Castrow Fred F. , Canavati Fernando
Published: May 2014

An improved mattress suture that is completely buried and leaves no noticeable cross marks on either side of the incision is described.
Excisional Electrosurgery (Endothermy) in Dermatology
Authors: Schoch Eugene P.
Published: May 2014

The physical characteristics of electrosurgery are reviewed and the peculiar behavior of the cutting current is described. The indications for excisional by electrosurgery are discussed and the procedure is described. The advantages and disadvantages of the method are given. It is concluded that the overall results of excisional electrosurgery compare very favorably with other surgical procedures on the skin.
Diseases of the Oral Mucosa
Authors: Scopp Irwin Walter , Valauri Augustus J.
Published: May 2014

Lesions of the oral mucosa are numerous. The purpose of this article is to review the more common and most serious of them, to explore some basic‐science aspects of their development, and to discuss prevention and treatment.
Squamous‐Cell Carcinoma of the Penis
Authors: Mikhail George R.
Published: May 2014

Excision of penile carcinoma by chemosurgery (Mohs' technique) is as nearly ideal as can be because it assures removal of the neoplasm with maximal preservation of normal tissue and function.
Ask the Experts
Authors: Cottel Willis I.
Published: May 2014

Ask the Experts is a feature we have instituted in response to questions about management of problem cases in dermatologic surgery. We welcome submission of such problems and questions for answer. A clinical photograph, histologic section or report, clinical description or relevant history would be useful to accompany each submission. We will try to answer all queries in print, but if space does not permit us to do this, we will still send a written reply.
Biopsy of the Proximal Nail Fold in Collagen Diseases
Authors: Schnitzler L. , Baran R. , Civatte J. , Schubert B. , Verret J.L. , Hurez D.
Published: May 2014

A research procedure used to study proximal nail folds in connective tissue diseases is described. The technique is simple and one that is suitable and agreeable to patients. It affords study of tissue from the proximal nail fold in three different ways, namely, light microscopy with histochemistry, electron microscopy, and direct immunofluorescence.
Technique of Biopsy of Nails
Authors: Bennett Richard G.
Published: May 2014

The technique of taking a longitudinal biopsy is described.
Fingertip Injuries and A Plea for the Nail
Authors: Recht Pierre
Published: May 2014

Wounds involving the nail bed should be covered immediately by an autograft, a homograft or a heterograft to prevent dystrophy and loss of sensation. The author's technique in performing such grafts is described.
Ungual Prostheses
Authors: Pillet Jean
Published: May 2014

Adhesives and surgical techniques are of limited value in the fixation of ungual prostheses. A finger‐cover prosthesis that allows excellent fixation and good cosmetic result is described.
The Surgical Treatment of Axillary Hyperhidrosis
Authors: Sabatier H. , Picaud A.J.
Published: May 2014

Surgical removal of the gland‐bearing skin of the axillae as a reasonable management of axillary hyperhidrosis is described. The principle, according to the techniques of Skoog, is to peel back, not excise, the hairy zone of the axillary skin and to resect all the hyperfunctioning glandular layer on the deeper face of the dermis without damaging the dermal vascularization.
Replacement of Scalp Hair by Attachment to Suture Implants
Authors: Sherman Ronald
Published: May 2014

A series of 1426 hair implants were performed by the author over a period of five years. Complications which were encountered are elaborated on in this article. The method is, nevertheless, an acceptable procedure.
Correction of Depressed Scars on the Face by a Method of Elevation
Authors: Arouete Jean
Published: May 2014

A method of managing depressed scars on the face by elevation of scars and subsequent dermabrasion is described. If the indications for this procedure are correctly established, this method always results in some degree of improvement.
Chemabrasion, A Combined Technique of Chemical‐Peeling and Dermabrasion
Authors: Stagnone James J.
Published: May 2014

Chemabrasion was coined to designate a simple, single procedure in which a deep, full‐face chemical peeling is followed immediately by dermabrasion. The procedure detailed differs from other techniques in which chemical peeling and dermabrasion are practised together. Certain advantages over chemical peeling and dermabrasion used singly or together in different areas of the face are pointed out. In an early observation of results after a one‐year follow‐up, it is the author's opinion that the combined procedure yields the benefits of chemical peeling and dermabrasion without increasing the complications of either.
Use of Steel Pins in Hair Transplantation
Authors: Johnson Waine C. , Baker Gloria K.
Published: May 2014

Steel pins are used to stabilize hair transplants by preventing transplanted plugs from becoming elevated, depressed or turned in the wrong direction. The pinning procedure is less traumatic to hair follicles than is tight bandaging and bleeding is more easily controlled. Patients so treated have improved final appearances. The authors' technique of using steel pins is described.
Cryo Corner: Wisdom of Subsequent Biopsies
Authors: Elton Richard F.
Published: May 2014

Cryo Corner is a new feature we have instituted that will present original observations and clinical applications of cryosurgical techniques of interest to the dermatologist. We welcome submission of such material for possible publication. All correspondence should be addressed to Dr. S. Zacarian, 50 Maple Street, Springfield, Ma. 01103.
Treatment of Melanotic Freckles by Radiotherapy
Authors: Storck Hans
Published: May 2014

Uncomplicated cases of melanotic freckles respond well to radiotherapy with grenz rays. If however, a conversion into melanoma is in progress or already established, the prognosis is poorer and treatment with harder rays combined with surgical excision should be practiced.
Stewart‐Treves Syndrome The Histopathological Evolution of Epithelial Metastases
Authors: Olmos L. , Laugier P.
Published: May 2014

Clinical, histopathologic, and ultrastructural observations in a patient who developed all the characteristics of the Stewart‐Treves syndrome 25 years after mastectomy has convinced the authors that the neoplasm arises as a glandular metastasis after an initial phase of sclerosis and that the neoplastic cells are of myoepithelial type.
Thermography of Malignant Melanomas
Authors: Tapernoux Bernard , Hessler Christian
Published: May 2014

Thermography is investigated as a tool for the diagnosis of malignant melanoma. A correlation between hyperthermia and malignancy is demonstrated in about two‐thirds of the cases examined.
Keratotic Basal‐Cell Carcinoma Arising from an Epidermoid Cyst
Authors: Delacrétaz J.
Published: May 2014

A mass that developed on the shoulder of a 65‐year‐old woman was diagnosed histologically as a keratotic basal‐cell carcinoma arising from the wall of an epidermoid cyst.
Hemostasis by Premedication with Estrogen in Hair‐Transplant Surgery
Authors: Pluss Jacques
Published: May 2014

Premedication with water‐soluble conjugated estrogens administered the previous day and a half‐hour before operation diminishes bleeding and allows for a drier field, better vision and quicker work. Post‐operative bleeding is negligible. Their short‐term use has not led to feminization nor presented cardiovascular problems.
Complications of the Tunnel‐Graft Procedure for Attachment of a Hairpiece: A Review of 100 Cases
Authors: Bendl Bernard J.
Published: May 2014

The office procedure of creating tunnel grafts for attachment of hairpieces is not without complications. Early complications such as a hematoma under a graft, bacterial infection, and maceration of the epithelium lining the tunnels tended to be acute, but minor. Late complications, such as cutting in of the clips into the roofs of tunnels or stretching of the tunnel‐graft roof, were mainly of a mechanical nature. Recommendations for reducing the incidence of such complications are made.
Reconstruction of the Acne‐Scarred Face
Authors: Eiseman Gilbert
Published: May 2014

The acne‐scarred face presents a challenge to the reconstructive surgeon. Dermaplaning technic with the Castroviejo Electrokeratome (“C‐V Planer”) results in precise leveling of the skin. Numerous deep pit scars are amenable to small excisions; extensive mid‐cheek scarring is treatable by segmental excision and reconstruction. Both dermaplaning and scalpel surgery may be required to achieve a cosmetically satisfactory result in a face badly scarred by severe acne.
The Cryobiological Basis for Cryosurgery
Authors: Farrant John , Walter C.A.
Published: May 2014

This paper discusses two important biological factors contributing to the death of cells within any region that is frozen cryosurgically.

The first factor is the relationship between cell death and the thermal history experienced by each cell Freezing with a single probe as usually done cannot provide sufficiently uniform conditions of cooling and warming to ensure widespread cell death. This situation can be improved by cycling a single probe at subzero temperatures or by the use of a multiple probe.

The second factor is that of possible immunological responses induced by cryosurgical freezing. Improvements in understanding of biological implications of low temperatures in cryosurgery will aid the practical usefulness of these techniques.
“Third Generation” Cryotherapy
Authors: Rothenborg Hans W. , Fraser James
Published: May 2014

The next generation of cryosurgical appliances must provide us with means for speedy, exact, and sure tissue destruction. For this we need redesigned, forklike probes, programmers to direct the cryosurgical appliances, and caloric “dosimeters.” Thermocouples, which direct feedback controls and which at the moment are built into the tip of the freezing probes, should instead be inserted into target tissue.
Cryosurgical Management of Multiple Skin Carcinomas
Authors: Lubritz Ronald R.
Published: May 2014

The author presents case reports illustrating successful results using cryosurgery to treat multiple, continually forming skin carcinomas. Cryosurgery is advocated as a consideration for being either the method of choice, an alternate choice, or a method to be used in conjunction with other methods in cases of this type.
Cryosurgery for Cancer of the Ear
Authors: Gage Andrew A.
Published: May 2014

Cryosurgery may be used in almost any type of ear cancer, easily curing early lesions and proving surprisingly effective in advanced disease, even after failures of excision or radiotherapy. In large, bulky cancers, cryosurgery may be combined with excision to improve chance of cure by freezing because depth of freezing is always difficult to achieve in such cases. In cases with bone destruction, mastoidectomy facilitates treatment by freezing. Cryosurgery deserves choice over other treatments in carefully selected patients with cancer of the ear.
Cryosurgery of Benign Oral Lesions
Authors: Chapin Marvin E.
Published: May 2014

Cryosurgery is effective in treating benign oral lesions that are difficult of access, immediately adjacent to normal structures, and susceptible to hemorrhage. Three such cases successfully treated by freezing with nitrous oxide are presented.
Cryosurgery for Unusual Cutaneous Neoplasms
Authors: Graham Gloria F. , Stewart Roger
Published: May 2014

Cryosurgery is used effectively to treat several unusual cutaneous tumors, namely, four cases of lentigo maligna (melanotic freckle of Hutchinson, or circumscribed precancerous melanosis of Dubreuilh), one case of pseudopyogenic granuloma of Wilson Jones, and one case of granuloma faciale.
The Course of Events following Cryosurgery
Authors: Elton Richard F.
Published: May 2014

The usual course of events following cryosurgery for benign and malignant lesions is described and discussed.
A Practical Approach to Preparing Children for Dermatologic Surgery
Authors: Gabriel H. Paul
Published: May 2014

This paper presents a series of stratagems designed to minimize the potential psychological problems of children who require dermatological surgery. After discussing the “normal” critical periods of childhood, the selective approaches to children at different ages are presented. General and specific suggestions are made for pre‐ and postoperative management for both office and hospital surgical procedures.
Experience with a “Continuous” Laser in the Treatment of Suitable Cutaneous Conditions: Preliminary Report
Authors: Labandter Harold , Kaplan Isaac
Published: May 2014

A clinical trial with a “continuous” CO2 laser in the treatment of cutaneous lesions was instituted 2½ years ago. The laser was used as a “light” knife for excision and for gross destruction of some lesions directly. Details of technique and a preliminary report assessing clinical results and general effects are given. Some results thus far have proved satisfactory, and we feel that further investigation of the laser as a surgical modality is warranted.
Book Reviews
Authors: Bennett Richard G.
Published: May 2014

SKIN SURGERY. Ervin Epstein and Ervin Epstein, Jr., eds. 4th edition. Charles C Thomas, Springfield, Illinois, 839 pages, 1977, $98.75.
Treatment of Painful Scars on Soles and Digits with Injections of Fluid Silicone
Authors: Balkin S. W.
Published: May 2014

Between 1964 and 1975, 389 patients were treated with injections of fluid silicone for corns, calluses, healed diabetic ulcers, and painful scars. This paper presents the results achieved in 27 patients with 31 plantar and 3 digital scars treated by injections of silicone to induce protective subdermal cushioning at sites of increased pressure.
Heritability of An Ectodermal Defect: A Study of Affected Dogs
Authors: Selmanowitz Victor J. , Markofsky Jules , Orentreich Norman
Published: May 2014

A canine congenital ectodermal defect, manifest as a patterned absence of cutaneous appendages, could prove useful for experimental studies on cutaneous oncogenesis. Breeding and previous pedigree data suggest X‐linked recessive inheritance of the ectodermal defect in miniature poodles.
Cutaneous Changes Associated With Aging
Authors: Selmanowitz Victor J.
Published: May 2014

Many cutaneous changes ascribed to advanced aging are actinically induced, are evinced to a lesser degree in earlier years, are not limited to senility; and may be reflective of underlying internal impairments late in life. Serial transplantation of skin from old to young inbred mice has demonstrated that skin can survive far longer than the life‐span of the host organism. Although the nature of intrinsic aging of the skin is not yet known fundamentally, cutaneous changes associated with general aging have been reviewed from the standpoints of biological course, proliferate lesions, and genetic progeroid syndromes.
Chemosurgery: Microscopically Controlled Surgery for Skin Cancer—Past, Present and Future
Authors: Mohs Frederic E.
Published: May 2014

The development of microscopically controlled surgery, the use of the fixed‐tissue technique for advanced, complicated carcinomas and for malignant melanomas, the use of the fresh‐tissue technique for less advanced carcinomas, the five‐year results, and plans for the future of the method are discussed.
Reconstruction of Facial Defects Resulting from Mohs' Chemosurgical Procedures
Authors: Becker Ferdinand F.
Published: May 2014

A philosophy of reconstruction after removal of cutaneous neoplasms from the face is presented and differences in reconstruction required after Mohs' fixed‐tissue and fresh‐tissue techniques are discussed. The indications for repair at once or later of facial defects after Mohs' procedures are reviewed and reconstructive alternatives are presented. Illustrative case reports of such cases that have been reconstructed are recounted and commented on. It is likely that the practice of the fresh‐tissue technique will stimulate more interest in reconstructing facial defects resulting from that type of operation immediately, or at least sooner than later.
Some General Biological Implications of Cutaneous Cancer in Man
Authors: Daniels Farrington
Published: May 2014

The incidences of skin cancers, including malignant melanoma, are the only ones that show a latitudinal gradient with an increase toward the equator. About half of this effect is attributable to the amount of ozone through which ultraviolet radiation shorter than 310 nanometers must traverse. Ozone is least at the equator and increases toward the poles. The latitudinal gradient of the incidences of skin cancers alerted scientists to the possibility that technological (so‐called anthropogenic) changes in the ozone might lead to further changes in incidences of skin cancer, and also to concern for many other biological systems. The effects on the vision of insects, photosynthesis, the plethora of plankton, plant growth in general, and many other biological systems are being studied out of this concern. It is likely that if any considerable reduction in ozone from technological causes occurs, effects on crops will be much more serious than the effects on the incidence of skin cancer, but skin cancer epidemiology has been the only source of numbers on which to predict the effect of different estimations of changes in stratospheric ozone. The clinicians and pathologists who have reported on skin cancers have, therefore, performed a great public service.
Review of Relevant Literature
Authors: Bennett Richard G.
Published: May 2014

Beginning with this issue of the Journal, we will hereafter publish editorialized abstracts of current surgical and oncologic literature that we think should be of interest to our readers. There is a great gap in understanding between various specialties. This is in part due to the vast amount of literature that tends to sequestration within each specialty and that each specialist tends to limit himself to. These abstracts, we hope, will help to bridge this gap in understanding and appreciation, and will contribute to the ultimate concern of all of us, which is better care of patients.
Prevalence of Nevocytic Nevi on Lateral and Medial Aspects of Arms
Authors: Kopf Alfred W. , Lazar Mark , Bart Robert S. , Dubin Neil , Bromberg Judith
Published: May 2014

The numbers of clinically diagnosed, elevated nevocytic nevi (at least 2 mm in diameter) within 50 sq cm areas on the lateral and medial aspects of the arms of 1,000 subjects (age range 2 to 87 years) were compared. A total of 349 nevi was found on the lateral aspects and only 116 on the medial aspects of arms. Nevi were found on the lateral aspects of the arms in 23.4% (234) of the subjects and on the medial aspects in but 10.9% (109) of the subjects. These differences are highly significant in both men and women. Nevi were found in 30.2% (281) of the 930 whites but in only 9.1% (5) of the 55 blacks included in the study. Also, blacks did not show greater prevalence of nevi on the lateral as compared to the medial aspects of their arms.

One explanation for the greater prevalence of nevi on the lateral over that on the medial aspects of the arms is that sunlight plays a role in the induction of acquired nevocytic nevi.
Electrosurgery by Bipolar Modalities
Authors: Bodian Eugene L.
Published: May 2014

Bipolar electrosurgery is efficient for destruction or gross removal of many benign and malignant lesions. Its technique is simple and practicable in a dermatologic office. It requires local anesthesia generally, but is nearly bloodless. Instrumentation and fine points of use are described. Contraindication of use on patients bearing cardiac pacemakers is stressed.
Treatment of Extensive Avulsions of Skin and Subcutaneous Tissues
Authors: Kalisman Michael , Wexler Menachem Ron , Yeschua Ruth , Neuman Zvi
Published: May 2014

This article deals with the treatment of extensive avulsion injuries. Five out of twenty‐eight cases of extensive avulsion injuries are presented and illustrated. All of these injuries were caused by machinery or automobile accidents and were encountered in the three‐year period from 1972 to 1975. Etiology, pathology, and treatment with mechanical and chemical debridement, porcine skin grafts, fasciotomy, delayed primary closure, stamp or mesh skin grafts, and skin flaps are detailed and discussed.
The Causes and Prevention of Poor Cosmetic Results from Injection of Fluid Silicone
Authors: Le Van Paul
Published: May 2014

A 15‐year experience with fluid silicone in augmentation of facial tissue while proving that highly desirable cosmetic improvement may be had, has also produced information relative to the cause and prevention of adverse results. The principles of correct technique and the causes of poor cosmetic results are presented. Appropriate graphic illustrations are presented.
Auricular and Periauricular Surgery
Authors: Smith J. D.
Published: May 2014

Various surgical procedures are described for common disorders on and about the ear. Photographs are presented to show how they are performed. Applicable surgical subtleties and precautions are discussed.
The Face Lift as an Office Procedure
Authors: Luikart Ralph
Published: May 2014

Salient techniques for doing a face lift as an office procedure are described. Heavy preoperative sedation and analgesia are recommended. The various incisions required are diagramed and the extent of undermining required is depicted. The need for absolute hemostasis is stressed. The type of pressure dressing advised is pictured. Some useful variations practiced by other skilled plastic surgeons are presented.
Oral Squamous‐Cell Carcinoma within a White‐Sponge Nevus
Authors: Downham Thomas F. , Plezia Richard A.
Published: May 2014

A 59‐year‐old woman had thick plaques of leukoplakia on the tongue bilaterally. The condition was initially diagnosed by biopsy as a white‐sponge nevus. A second biopsy of a suspicious area on the right side showed squamous‐cell carcinoma two years later. It is speculated that prednisone therapy for steroid‐dependent intrinsic asthma may have caused a loss of “immunologic surveillance,” which permitted development of malignancy in a previously benign condition.
Hypopigmentation at the Site of Application of a Tourniquet
Authors: Testa N. Noel , Waingankar Shriniuas , Auerbach Robert
Published: May 2014

Hypopigmentation at a site of application of a tourniquet has not to our knowledge been reported in the literature. We are reporting such a case.

We have conjectured that this hypopigmentation may be due to temporary anoxia suffered by melanocytes.
Postsurgical, Chronic, Nonprogressive, Cutaneous Ulcers: A Possible Variant of Pyoderma Gangrenosum Associated with Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Lim Henry W. , Bart Robert S.
Published: May 2014

Two patients developed persistent ulcers on the trunk after cutaneous surgery. Both had “chemical” diabetes mellitus. Bacteriologic and histopathologic studies of the ulcers were not revealing of cause. The characteristics of the ulcers are described, and are contrasted with typical lesions of pyoderma gangrenosum and Meleney's postoperative progressive synergistic bacterial gangrene. We believe these patients had variant lesions of pyoderma gangrenosum.
Keratoacanthoma Recurrent After Surgical Excision
Authors: Epstein Ervin H. , Epstein Ervin H.
Published: May 2014

A 62‐year‐old man developed a recurrent keratoacanthoma within two and a half weeks after grossly and microscopically complete removal of the primary tumor. X‐irradiation of the recurrent lesion caused partial regression, and then intralesional injections of a suspension of triamcinolone caused final resolution of it. Although dermatologists generally practice partial destruction and surgeons almost always do total excision, neither method invariably cures this benign tumor, and repeated treatment may be necessary.
Punch Biopsies of Nails: A Simple, Valuable Procedure
Authors: Scher Richard K.
Published: May 2014

A simple technique for punch biopsies of nails is described. Local anesthesia with a solution of lidocaine, without epinephrine, is used. Digital block and tourniquet hemostasis are not required. The simplicity of the method ought to encourage more nail biopsies, increase the accuracy of diagnosis and improve treatment of diseases of the nails.
Efficacy, Simplicity, and Safety of X‐Ray Therapy of Basal‐Cell Carcinomas on Periocular Skin
Authors: Gladstein Arthur H.
Published: May 2014

X‐ray therapy of basal‐cell carcinomas of periocular skin is highly successful, easy to carry out, safe, and attended by cosmetic results that are good to excellent.
Radiotherapy of Mycosis Fungoides: Twenty Years of Experience with Teleroentgen and Low‐Voltage X‐Ray Therapy
Authors: Wiskemann Arthur , Buck Clemens
Published: May 2014

Of 98 patients with mycosis fungoides, 55 have been treated with teleroentgen therapy and 43 with low voltage radiation at a shorter distance. Teleroentgen therapy is indicated in the stage of generalized eczematous lesions or superficial infiltration. According to the Hamburg method, a dose of 300 R was delivered to eight fields at a target distance of 120 cm. After a series of one to three treatments, 300 R, administered at three‐week intervals, all lesions usually cleared. Small patches and deeply infiltrated lesions and tumors were treated with the same doses and intervals of low voltage X rays, the half‐value depth corresponding to the depth of infiltration. After five years, 54% of all patients were still alive and after 10 years, 29% were still living.
The Worth of Radiotherapy in Malignant Melanomas
Authors: Proppe Albin H. S.
Published: May 2014

A new approach for the evaluation of the effectiveness of various forms of treatment of malignant melanomas is presented. Factors influencing the survival time from initiation of therapy until death were statistically analyzed in 548 patients who died from malignant melanoma. In slowly developing malignancies X‐ray therapy was found to be superior to other therapeutic methods.
Dermatologic Quiz
Authors: Ramsay David L.
Published: May 2014

This is a new section that will appear regularly in the Journal. It is designed to serve as a means of self‐testing of what has been gleaned from articles that have appeared in the Journal. Authors whose articles have been accepted by the Journal are requested to frame several questions on them. The quiz is based upon these questions and consists of ten, single‐response, multiple‐choice questions. Answers and references are to be found on page 668.
From the American Society for Dermatologic Surgery: Management of Alopecia of the Scalp by a Combination of Excisions and Transplantations
Authors: Unger Martin G. , Unger Walter P.
Published: May 2014

Since the number of grafts that are available in any given patient is a fixed quantity, significant benefits may be derived by surgically reducing the size of the area of alopecia in combination with prior and later punch hair transplantation. This paper outlines and describes techniques of excisions that achieve such reductions.
Differential Diagnosis of Ulcers on Legs of Vascular Cause
Authors: Young Jess R.
Published: May 2014

This article reviews the clinical features of the different types of leg ulcers due to vascular insufficiency. Diagnostic tests available to confirm or deny clinical impressions are discussed.
Ulcers Associated with the Swollen Leg
Authors: Taylor James S. , Young Jess R.
Published: May 2014

A number of disparate conditions may produce ulcers in swollen legs. The most frequent causative condition is venous stasis; other causal disorders are lymphatic obstruction, mixed vascular anomalies, benign and malignant neoplasms and a number of miscellaneous conditions. Careful attention to cutaneous signs of these conditions may be helpful in arriving at an accurate diagnosis and appropriate therapy.
Surgical Management of Ulcers on the Lower Limbs
Authors: Dinner Melvyn I. , Peters Calvin R.
Published: May 2014

Ulcers on legs may result from venous hypertension or arterial insufficiency. Ulcers of either type require skin cover. Methods of achieving such cover are explored.
Treatment with Benzoyl Peroxide of Ulcers on Legs Within Lesions of Necrobiosis Lipoidica Diabeticorum
Authors: Hanke C. William , Bergfeld Wilma F.
Published: May 2014

A lotion of 20% benzoyl peroxide was applied to ulcers on legs from necrobiosis lipoidica diabeticorum. The ulcers healed rapidly and uneventfully, leaving firm, yellow scars. The efficacy and simplicity of use of topical benzoyl peroxide therapy is discussed.
The Healing of Wounds in the Skin of Piglets Treated with Benzoyl Peroxide
Authors: Colman Gregory J. , Roenigk Henry H.
Published: May 2014

Clinical and microscopic changes in the healing of dermal wounds in the skin of piglets that were treated with a 20% benzoyl peroxide lotion were compared with untreated wounds in the same animal. The wounds treated with benzoyl peroxide showed more rapid healing clinically, and a very pronounced foreign‐body giant‐cell infiltrate and very vascular granulation tissue microscopically. It may he that benzoyl peroxide promotes wound healing by attracting macrophages and histiocytes into the wound.
Electron Microscopy of Neoplasms of Pancreatic Islet Cells
Authors: Feiner Helen
Published: May 2014

Neoplasms of pancreatic islet cells that produce widely divergent clinical syndromes cannot be distinguished from one another by conventional microscopy. Differentiation among these tumors by electron microscopy is possible in some cases only. Coordinated clinical evaluation, histochemical and ultrastructural studies, and assay of serum and neoplastic tissue for various polypeptide hormones afford the best characterization of these neoplasms.
Surgical Management of an Uncommon Complication of Seborrheic Dermatitis
Authors: Flandermeyer Kenneth L. , Brauner Gary J.
Published: May 2014

A technique for surgical extirpation of severely fissured, chronic seborrheic dermatitis is described.
Split‐Thickness Skin Grafts: An Experimental Study of Factors Related to Ease or Difficulty of Procuring Satisfactory Grafts of Skin from Man and Some Common Laboratory Animals
Authors: Szabo Stephen E. , Bergstresser Paul R. , Linn Bernard S.
Published: May 2014

Split‐thickness grafts of skin of satisfactory quality were found to be more difficult to obtain from rabbits than from animals of other genera. An explanation for this was sought in the histology of the skins of the various experimental animals. Density of hair was judged to be the factor most critical for ease or difficulty in procuring satisfactory split‐thickness grafts of skin, and a cluster of histologic characteristics of skin seemed to have meaning for taxonomic classification. Silver's dermatome was found to be the best instrument for taking grafts from all subjects.
Subcutaneous Island Interpolation Flap: “Serpentine Layering” to Increase the Intra‐Defect Pedicle Thickness
Authors: Field Lawrence M.
Published: May 2014

While developing a subcutaneous island interpolation flap, Serpentine layering“ of an extended subcutaneous pedicle was noted to give more adequate filling of a deep nasal defect, thus enhancing the final cosmetic result.
Granulomatous Reaction to Autologous Hairs Incarcerated During Hair Transplantation
Authors: Altchek Douglas D. , Pearlstein Hillard H.
Published: May 2014

Incarceration of autologous hairs resulting in a granulomatous reaction to them is an unusual complication of hair transplantation. The clinical presentation, histology, pathomechanism, and treatment of an instance of this complication are described and discussed.
Angiolymphoid Hyperplasia with Eosinophilia: Report of a Case and a Review of the Literature
Authors: Botet Miguel Vázquez , Sánchez Jorge L.
Published: May 2014

A case of angiolymphoid hyperplasia with eosinophilia mimicking multiple cylindromas (turban tumor) is presented in detailed clinical and histologic features, and the literature on the condition is reviewed.
“Pseudomelanoma” in a Keloid
Authors: Hiss Yehuda , Shafir Raphael
Published: May 2014

A pigmented lesion resembling a superficial spreading malignant melanoma appeared in keloidal scarring resulting from partial excision of three closely set intradermal and compound nevi. Complete excision of nevi when feasible is recommended as the wisest course to obviate future uncertainty.
Book Reviews
Authors: Edelson Richard L.
Published: May 2014

MALIGNANT MELANOMA. Alfred W. Kopf, M.D., Robert S. Bart, M.D., René S. Rodríguez‐Sains, M.D., and A. Bernard Ackerman, M.D. Masson Publishing USA, New York, 237 pages, 1979, $49.50.
A Surgical Technique for Cosmetic Blepharoplasty
Authors: Dicker Ralph L.
Published: May 2014

A method of blepharoplasty for cosmetic purposes to eliminate superfluous skin and fat from aging eyelids is described in detail. A technique for correct placement of incisions, a method of locating and excising orbital fat, control of bleeding and a safe method of approximating skin flaps are discussed and illustrated.