bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Kennzahlenbasiertes F & E-Controlling im Kontext der Elektromobilität
Authors: Mayr Andreas , Rommel Christian , Schaller Veronika , Franke Jörg
Published: March 2022

Die deutsche Automobilindustrie steht angesichts der Elektromobilität vor einem radikalen Wandel. Um ihre Technologieführerschaft beizubehalten, stehen die F & E-Abteilungen der etablierten Akteure unter hohem Druck. Im Rahmen dieses Beitrags wird gezeigt, wie sich ein passgenaues Kennzahlengerüst für das Controlling des operativen F & E-Prozesses erarbeiten lässt. Die Validierung der vorgestellten Methode erfolgt anhand eines Maschinen- und Anlagenbauers im Bereich der Elektromobilität, der GROB-WERKE GmbH & Co. KG in Mindelheim.
Elemente der „Fabrik der Zukunft“
Authors: Schäfer Simon F. , Gorke Nils T. , Cevirgen Cihan , Park Yeong-Bae , Nyhuis Peter
Published: March 2022

Die Anforderungen an zukünftige Fabriken wachsen im Zuge der immer komplexeren Vernetzung von Wertschöpfungsprozessen stetig. Dieser erhöhte Druck erfordert eine digitale Transparenz, um mit den gesteigerten Herausforderungen, insbesondere im Zielfeld Nachhaltigkeit, mitzuhalten. Die Themen Digitale Fabrik, Industrie 4.0 und Building Information Modeling sind zunehmend im Einsatz in den jeweiligen Planungsdomänen einer Fabrik und leisten ihren eigenen Beitrag zur Beherrschung der Komplexität und Verbesserung der Planungsergebnisse. Offen ist, wie diese Elemente strukturiert zusammengeführt werden können, damit eine gesamtheitliche Lösung geplant, gestaltet und gesteuert werden kann. Der vorliegende Beitrag geht dieser Frage nach und postuliert eine Vision der „Fabrik der Zukunft“. In diesem zweiten Teil dieser Beitragsreihe werden die Gemeinsamkeiten der Elemente abgeleitet und zum Digitalen Zwilling verknüpft.
Integración de teoría y práctica en educación comercial
Authors: Von Feigenblatt Otto F.
Published: March 2022

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The Effect of Election Observation
Authors: Regalia Marta
Published: March 2022

International election observation has become a standard practice in democratizing countries. Doubts have been cast on the ability of electoral observers to accurately judge the freedom and fairness of an electoral process, and the scholarly literature has still not reached a consensus on the unintended consequences of election observation. This article empirically tests the hypothesis that observers can deter election-day fraud through a natural experiment on polling-station-level election results. Using data from the Ukraine 2004 presidential election, it will show that OSCE/ODIHR observation has both immediate and lasting effect on domestic political actors’ behavior. Results do support the usefulness of election observation in reducing election-day fraud.
Common-Pool Resource Depletion and Dictatorship
Authors: Ward Peter , Lankov Andrei , Kim Jiyoung
Published: March 2022

This article seeks to explain the dynamics of resource depletion in North Korea’s fishery. We utilize insights from the common-pool resource (CPR) literature and show how theories from comparative politics that explain why states sometimes do not formalize property rights but prefer their informal exercise can be fruitfully applied to North Korea’s fishery. Utilizing a process tracing methodology, we demonstrate that the North Korean state possesses the necessary capacity to limit resource depletion, but has largely failed to do so. We argue that broad access to the commons maintains relations of enmeshed dependence between the dictator and those utilizing the fishery, balancing regime social control concerns with the party-state’s need for revenue. Further, in recent times, foreign actors have been allowed into the sector, providing a lucrative source of revenue without creating issues for internal control. We consider the alternative explanation that the North Korean state lacks the capacity to prevent CPR depletion, but demonstrate its implausibility given the preponderance of available evidence, not least the response of the regime in Pyongyang to the COVID-19 pandemic, where it has demonstrated considerable capacity to control the country’s fishing fleet.
Comprehensive study on CdSe thin film as potential window layer on CdTe solar cell by SCAPD-1D
Authors:   Faculty of Engineering & Built Environment, The National University of Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia, Ibrahim M. , Chelvanathan P. ,   Solar Energy Research Institute, The National University of Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia, Miraz M. H. ,   Department of Information and Communication Technology, School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Xiamen University Malaysia, Sepang, Selangor, Malaysia, Alkhammash H. I. ,   Department of Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering, Taif University, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia, Hasan A. K. M. ,   Solar Energy Research Institute, The National University of Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia, Akhtaruzzaman Md. ,   Solar Energy Research Institute, The National University of Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia, Althubeiti K. ,   Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Taif University, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia, Shahiduzzaman Md. ,   Nanomaterials Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kakuma, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan., Sobayel K. ,   Solar Energy Research Institute, The National University of Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia, Kamal N. ,   Faculty of Engineering & Built Environment, The National University of Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
Published: March 2022

Photovoltaics significantly contributes towards the emerging renewable energy drive. Amongst the available thin film solar cell technologies, presently CdTe is leading at commercial state. CdS is being widely used as window layer in CdTe solar cell but challenged with toxicity. Therefore, this project explores the feasibility of CdSe as alternative window layer in CdTe solar cell. The CdSe is optimized to determine the best complete CdTe based solar cell. The study also compares the device performance of proposed CdSe/CdTeSe/CdTe solar cell with other reported CdSe/CdTe and CdS/CdSe solar cells. While degerming the optimized thickness of CdTe solar cell with respect to different prospective window layer materials, the simulation results reveal that CdTe thickness can significantly reduce, at least by 500 nm, with only 1% reduction in PCE by replacing conventional CdS window layer with CdSe layer. Furthermore, while determining the appropriate Se composition on CdSexTe1-x as this layer forms between CdTe and CdSe layer during the fabrication, it has been found that 18% efficiency can be obtained in CdTe solar cell if the stoichiometry of CdSexTe1-x can be maintained as CdSe0.3Te0.7 during the device fabrication.
Influence of external factors on the electrical conductivity of Bi2Te2.5Se0.5
Authors:   Institute of Physics of Azerbaijan NAS, Baku, Azerbaijan, Ahmadov G. M. , Ibrahimov H. B. ,   Institute of Physics of Azerbaijan NAS, Baku, Azerbaijan, Jafarov M. A. ,   Baku State Universitu, Baku, Azerbaijan
Published: March 2022

The mechanism of intrinsic and impurity electrical conductivity of semiconductors based on Bi2Te2.5Se0.5 has been elucidated. The nature and reasons for the dependence of electrical conductivity on various external influences are considered. In this case, the temperature dependence of electrical conductivity, light absorption and photoconductivity of Bi2Te2.5Se0.5 were used as external influences. And also the influence of the electric field was studied and it was found that in this case the value of the critical energy is 107V/m.
Preparation of zinc telluride thin films using chemical bath depositon
Authors:   University of Mosul, College of Science, Department of Biophysics, Saeed N. A. , Uonis M. M. ,   University of Mosul ,College of Science, Dept. of New and Renewable Energy
Published: March 2022

Thin film of ZnTe have been synthesized using chemical bath method for different periods (30, 50 and 70 min), the surfaces of these films were imaged using a scanning electron microscope, and the amount of each element of zinc and tellurium was determined in each film depending on the deposition period. The study of optical properties included measuring the transmittance and absorbance with wavelength, we used these measurements to calculate the energy gap and its variation with the deposition time.
Study of the crystallization behaviour in arsenic-sulphide glasses doped with Pb
Authors:   University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Physics, Trg Dositeja Obradovića 4, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia, Šiljegović M. V. , Skuban F. ,   University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Physics, Trg Dositeja Obradovića 4, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia, Štrbac G. R. ,   University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Physics, Trg Dositeja Obradovića 4, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
Published: March 2022

A kinetic analysis of the crystallization processes in arsenic-sulphide glasses doped with Pb was performed using the DSC method. According to the results of X-ray diffraction measurements of the annealed Pb3(As2S3)97 samples, it was found that the crystallization processes take part through the formation of As2S3, As-S and PbS centers. The dependence of crystallization activation energy on crystallized fraction determined using both Kissinger, Akahira and Sunose (KAS) and Vyazovkin methods, revealed that the first and second crystallization are a single-step processes, while the third one is a complex one. Using the methods of Šatava, Ozawa, and Ozawa-Chen, the occurrence of voluminous 3D crystal growth in investigated samples was found. Glass stability parameters indicated on increase in crystallization affinity with Pb content.
Fabrication of zinc-aluminum layer double hydroxide thin films and their anionic adsorption performance
Authors:   Nuclear Technology Research and Development Center, Thailand Institute of Nuclear Technology (Public Organization), Nakhon Nayok, 26120 Thailand, Laksee S. , Chitaka W. ,   Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Silpakorn University, Nakorn Pathom, 73000 Thailand, Laohhasurayotin K. ,   National Nanotechnology Center (NANOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), 111 Thailand Science Park, Suwanchawalit C. ,   Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Silpakorn University, Nakorn Pathom, 73000 Thailand
Published: March 2022

Layered double hydroxides (LDHs) are also known as hydrotalcite-like compounds or anionic clays. In this work, ZnAl-LDH films were prepared on aluminium (Al) plates by a hydrothermal technique using zinc nitrate solution as the precursors. ZnAl-LDHs films were characterized by SEM, EDX, XRD and FT-IR. The SEM analysis revealed that the ZnAl-LDH films with hierarchical nanoarchitectures on the surface of Al plates. EDX mapping and elemental analysis also showed that Zn, Al, and O dispersed uniformly on the aluminium substrates. XRD results were used to confirm the presence of ZnAl-LDH films as they appeared purely with the typical (003) and (006) peaks of LDH diffraction. The characteristic bands of bending vibrations due to the intercalating water, stretching vibration due to the overlapping signal of carbonate anion and nitrate anion were measured by FT-IR spectroscopy. The brucite structure also exhibited the OH-stretching vibration as well as the ZnO lattice vibration in the spectra. These ZnAl-LDH forms were evaluated for their removal performance against orange II dye solutions.
Green chemistry method prepared effective copper nanoparticles by lemon flower (citrus) extract and its anti- microbial activity
Authors:   Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, PO Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia, Jothiramalingam R. , Devasanan S. ,   Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia., Lohedan H. A. ,   Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, PO Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia, Muthumareeswaran M.R. ,   Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, PO Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia, Alqahtani H.M. ,   Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia., Abdalnaser K. ,   Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, PO Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
Published: March 2022

Green chemistry method is a toxic less Development of metal nanoparticle towards ecofriendly biosynthesis process for various applications. In the present investigation, we fabricated the Copper Nanoparticles using a lemon plant and its family name RUTACEAE). Copper sulphate (CuSO4) was used as precursor for the formation of copper Nanoparticles by using flower extract of lemon. The physico chemical characterization of copper nanoparticle were analysed by XRD, SEM and DRS study. The SEM results show that the copper Nanoparticles are aggregated cross rectangle/spherical shape morphology. The optical characterization was carried out using UV – Vis analysis. The results are showed that the optimum concentration of flower extract is important for the synthesis of copper nanoparticles. The as prepared Copper nanoparticle have the efficient ability to inhibit the growth of various pathogenic microorganisms.
Preparation of Ag NPs @Polyvinyl alcohol/Chitosan as a SERS substrate for Norfloxacin Detection
Authors:   Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Tangshan Municipality，Tangshan 063000, China, Huang G. J. , Chen Y. ,   Analysis and Testing Research Centre, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063210, China, Li Y. ,   Analysis and Testing Research Centre, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063210, China
Published: March 2022

In this study, silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) were decorated on polyvinyl alcohol/chitosan nanofibers (Ag@PVA/PEI) as a SERS substrate for norfloxacin detection by electrospinning and in-situ reduction. Silver ions were anchored on the surface of PVA/CS nanofibers by free amino groups in chitosan framework, and then reduced by ascorbic acid to form AgNPs, which were spherical and uniformly decorated on the surface of PVA/CS membranes. The SERS performance of the prepared substrate was evaluated by using rhodamine 6G (R6G) as a probe. The detection limit was 10−6 M. In addition, the Ag@PVA/CS substrate can be used for the identification and detection of norfloxacin. The detection limit was 10-5 M. The exceptional SERS performance, sensitive, flexibility, low cost, render the obtained SERS substrate in this study a promising product for detection in practical applications.
Impact of heat treatment on the physical properties of sputtered nickel oxide thin films containing molybdenum
Authors:   Center of Nanotechnology, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia, Abdel-Wahab M. Sh. , Hammad A. H. ,   Center of Nanotechnology, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
Published: March 2022

The effect of annealing the substrate on the structural and optical properties of the nickel oxide thin films containing a fixed ratio of molybdenum was investigated. Energydispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) revealed that the Mo ratio is 4.41 wt%. X-ray diffraction (XRD) revealed that the formed films comprise a phase of NiO0.96. The average crystallite size, dislocation density, and strain function were calculated. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) was employed to investigate the morphology and surface roughness. With the increase in the substrate temperature from 298 K to 673 K, the optical band gap values varied from 3.72 eV to 3.58 eV.
Shell-model calculations of the spectroscopic properties of neutron-rich calcium isotopes around 40,48Ca cores
Authors:   Information Processing and Telecommunication Laboratory, Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Technology, University TAHRI Mohammed Bechar, Algeria, Benchikh I. L. , Aissaoui L. ,   Information Processing and Telecommunication Laboratory, Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Technology, University TAHRI Mohammed Bechar, Algeria
Published: March 2022

With the aim of predicting the possible existence of new magic numbers, we theoretically studied the recently available experimental data for spectroscopic properties of the neutron rich even-even calcium isotopes around Ca 40,48 doubly magic cores. The calculations were performed with the phenomenological interactions for fppn and HO model spaces using the nuclear structure code Nushell. The two-body matrix elements (TBMEs) of the new effective interaction KB3G48 were derived from the microscopic Kuo-Brown’s G-matrix interaction KB3GPN for Ca 40 core. The calculated energies 𝐸(21 +) of the first excited state, the ratio 𝑅4/2 of the excitation energies, the reduced electric transition probabilities 𝐵(𝐸2; 21 + → 01 +) and the ratio 𝐵4/2 of reduced transition probabilities are compared with the available experimental data. The results of this study are an attempt to demonstrate that 𝑁 = 32 or 𝑁 = 34 are new magic numbers for Ca isotopes.
Effect of copper on physical properties of CdO thin films and n-CdO: Cu / p-Si heterojunction
Authors:   Department of Physics, College of Education for Pure Science / Ibn Al-Haitham, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq, Hussein B. H. , Hassun H. K. ,   Department of Physics, College of Education for Pure Science / Ibn Al-Haitham, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq, Maiyaly B. K.H. ,   Department of Physics, College of Education for Pure Science / Ibn Al-Haitham, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq, Aleabi S. H. ,   Department of Physics, College of Education for Pure Science / Ibn Al-Haitham, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq
Published: March 2022

Transition metal Copper doped Cadmium oxide and (Cu: CdO and n-CdO: Cu / p-Si) thin films were prepared onto glass and p-type single crystal (111) Si substrates at temperature 300 K by thermal evaporation technique with thickness (400±30) nm. The effects of different Cu ratios on the CdO thin films and heterojunction of n-CdO / p-Si.. The X-ray diffraction analysis approves the CdO films are polycrystalline and cubic structure with lattice parameter of 0.4689 nm. The optical transmittance exhibits excellent optical absorption for 6% Cu doping. Decreased of optical band gap from 2.1 to 1.8 eV. Hall measurement approves that CdO material n type with a maximum carrier mobility of 144.6 (cm2 /Vs) with resistivity of 0.107991 (Ω.cm) were achieved for 6% Copper (Cu) doping. The I-V characteristics of heterojunction prepared under illumination was carried out by(100 mW/cm2) incident power density at different Cu doping.
Organic-inorganic hybrid material: synthesis, characterization for solar cell application
Authors:   Department of medical Physics, Hilla University College, Babylon, Iraq, Mohammed K. A. , Alebadi S. N. ,   Department of basic science, Faculty of dentistry, University of Alkafeel, Najaf, Iraq, Ziadan K. M. ,   Department of Physics, College of Science, Basrah University, Basrah, Iraq, AL-Kabbi A. S. ,   Department of Physics, College of Science, Basrah University, Basrah, Iraq, Alrubaie A. J. ,   Research and Studies Unit, Al-Mustaqbal University College, 51001 Hillah, Babil, Iraq, Hussein H. M. ,   Department of medical Physics, Hilla University College, Babylon, Iraq
Published: March 2022

We report a hybrid system based on conducting polymer-semiconductor from poly(otoluidine) (POT) doped with camphor sulfonic acid(CSA) and cadmium selenide capped with Tri sodium citrate(CdSe-TSC) by the physical mixing method. The influence of CdSe nanoparticles weight percent on the hybrid thin films have been investigated by means of XRD, FESEM, UV-VIS absorption and photoluminescence spectroscopy (PL) measurements. The main diffraction peaks of POT/CdSe hybrids are analogous to the neat CdSe nanoparticles. The absorption measurement reveals that the interaction between CdSe and POT in the hybrid materials led to the blue shift and broadening of the polaron absorption band. The energy gap has been decreased with an increase in the concentration of CdSe NPs. the PL intensity has been totaly quenched when the tow materials are bring to other. The hybrid nanocomposite material and provides useful evidence apropos the optimum use of CdSe nanoparticles in conductive polymer based optoelectronics.
Synthesis and characterization of β-MnO2 nanoparticles for hydrogen production
Authors:   Research Scholar, Centre for Environmental Studies, Anna University, Chennai – 600 025, Tamilnadu, India, Sathya J. , Kanmani S. ,   Director and Professor, Centre for Environmental Studies, Anna University, Chennai – 600 025, Tamilnadu, India
Published: March 2022

The nanoparticles were hydrothermally synthesized using β-MnO2 nanoparticles were primed using a chemical reduction method. β-MnO2 nanoparticles were validated to occur in the type of nanocrystals with a high specific surface area of 109 m2 /g. While β-MnO2 nanoparticles were used as a photocatalyst for wastewater treatment, they demonstrated vastly more efficient hydrogen production action. The greater hydrogen production evaluate (750 mol-1 /h) was attained by separating the artificial sulphide effluent (0.2 M) using β-MnO2 NPs in a photocatalytic reaction. The findings demonstrate the β-MnO2 NPs' efficient power abilities, notably for photocatalytic hydrogen detachment from sulphide wastewater. From this investigation, we evidenced a recyclable tactic for impactful sewage treatment through the use of photocatalytic water splitting employing βMnO2 NPs.
Are patients with polycystic ovary syndrome more prone to irritable bowel syndrome?
Authors: Kałużna Małgorzata , Kompf Pola , Wachowiak-Ochmańska Katarzyna , Moczko Jerzy , Królczyk Aleksandra , Janicki Adam , Szapel Karol , Grzymisławski Marian , Ruchała Marek , Ziemnicka Katarzyna
Published: March 2022

Background

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) encompasses endocrine, reproductive and metabolic disturbances. Abdominal pain and bowel movement disturbances are common complaints of PCOS patients. It remains uncertain whether the characteristic features of PCOS are associated with an increased incidence of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS).

Methods

In the study, 133 patients with PCOS diagnosed according to international evidence-based guidelines and 72 age- and BMI-matched eumenorrheic controls were enrolled. Anthropometric measurements and biochemical and hormonal characteristics were collected. The Rome IV criteria were used for IBS diagnosis. Quality of life (QoL) and depressive symptoms were also assessed.

Results

IBS symptom prevalence in PCOS was not significantly different than in controls. Hyperandrogenism and simple and visceral obesity did not appear to affect IBS prevalence in PCOS. There were no anthropometric, hormonal or biochemical differences between IBS-PCOS and non-IBS-PCOS patients, apart from IBS-PCOS patients being slightly older and having lower thyroid-stimulating hormone. Metabolic syndrome (MS) prevalence was higher in IBS-PCOS than non-IBS-PCOS. QoL appears to be significantly lower in IBS-PCOS compared to PCOS-only patients. The occurrence of depression was higher in IBS-PCOS vs non-IBS-PCOS patients. At least one alarm symptom was reported by 87.5% of IBS-PCOS; overall, this group experienced more alarm symptoms than the IBS-only group.

Conclusions

Since a link between PCOS and IBS comorbidity and increased MS prevalence was noted, patients presenting with both conditions may benefit from early MS diagnostics and management. The high incidence of alarm symptoms in PCOS women in this study highlights the need for differential diagnosis of organic diseases that could mimic IBS symptoms.
Aberrant tryptophan metabolism in stromal cells is associated with mesenteric fibrosis in small intestinal neuroendocrine tumors
Authors: Blažević Anela , Iyer Anand M , van Velthuysen Marie-Louise F , Hofland Johannes , van Koestveld Peter M , Franssen Gaston J H , Feelders Richard A , Zajec Marina , Luider Theo M , de Herder Wouter W , Hofland Leo J
Published: March 2022

Background

Increased levels of serotonin secretion are associated with mesenteric fibrosis (MF) in small intestinal neuroendocrine tumors (SI-NETs). However, the profibrotic potential of serotonin differs between patients, and in this study, we aimed to gain an understanding of the mechanisms underlying this variability. To this end, we analyzed the proteins involved in tryptophan metabolism in SI-NETs.

Methods

Proteomes of tumor and stroma from primary SI-NETs and paired mesenteric metastases of patients with MF (n  = 6) and without MF (n  = 6) were identified by liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC-MS). The differential expression of proteins involved in tryptophan metabolism between patients with and without MF was analyzed. Concurrently, monoamine oxidase A (MAO-A) expression was analyzed in the tumor and stromal compartment by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and reported as intensity over area (I/A).

Results

Of the 42 proteins involved in tryptophan metabolism, 20 were detected by LC-MS. Lower abundance of ten proteins was found in mesenteric metastases stroma in patients with MF. No differential expression was found in primary SI-NETs. In patients with MF, IHC showed lower MAO-A expression in the stroma of the primary SI-NETs (median 4.2 I/A vs 6.5 I/A in patients without MF, P = 0.003) and mesenteric metastases (median 2.1 I/A vs 2.8 I/A in patients without MF, P= 0.019).

Conclusion

We found a decreased expression of tryptophan and serotonin-metabolizing enzymes in the stroma in patients with MF, most notably in the mesenteric stroma. This might account for the increased profibrotic potential of serotonin and explain the variability in the development of SI-NET-associated fibrotic complications.
“Fálalle castelán que é o idioma da cidade”: a importancia dos contextos no éxito ou fracaso da transmisión familiar do galego
Authors: Iglesias Álvarez Ana María , Acuña Ferreira Virginia
Published: March 2022

O obxectivo deste traballo é examinar a influencia dos factores contextuais e da comunidade nos resultados de políticas lingüísticas familiares (PLF) orientadas ao mantemento interxeracional do galego. Con este fin analizamos tres entrevistas semi-dirixidas con nais galegofalantes que foron seleccionadas en función do tipo de hábitat, buscando o contraste no contínuum rural-urbano. A análise céntrase nas ideoloxías e formas de xestión lingüística no ámbito familiar, así como nas observacións e expectativas sobre o desenvolvemento lingüístico dos fillos e fillas. Como esperabamos, o tipo de hábitat destácase como un factor contextual de gran relevancia nos resultados da PLF declarada polas informantes. No contexto semirrural, a socialización dos nenos e as nenas no ámbito escolar e nas relacións cos iguais desenvólvese principalmente en galego, o que contribúe ao éxito da PLF. En cambio, nos contextos semiurbanos e urbanos, onde a presenza do galego é minoritaria, esta socialización fóra do fogar e das relación familiares prodúcese en castelán e actúa así como unha forza externa contraria á PLF, ata o punto de ser considerada como a causa principal do seu posible fracaso. Porén, a análise tamén detecta nos tres casos abordados unha infravaloración da xestión lingüística, que semella especialmente problemática para o éxito da PLF nos contextos urbanos e semiurbanos, xa que o mantemento do galego depende unicamente nestes casos da súa escolla como lingua de interacción cos fillos/as.
Motivos para la participación en eventos deportivos solidarios
Authors: Abadia-Naudí S. , Cabedo-Sanromà J. , Sánchez-Martín R. , Moragas-Rovira M. , Medina F.X. , Morejon-Torné S.
Published: March 2022

El objetivo de este artículo es investigar los motivos por los cuales los participantes se vinculan a carreras o marchas solidarias, así como la influencia de la gestión de la solidaridad y de la rendición de cuentas en la decisión de participar a estos eventos. Un cuestionario de 31 ítems valorado mediante una escala de Likert (del 1 al 7), fue distribuido a partir de una plataforma online, obteniendo una respuesta de 150 corredores. Los resultados revelan que los motivos más destacados para participar en estos eventos son los relacionados con el beneficio personal: evasión, nivel físico y mental y deseo de socialización, siendo los de índole altruista: marcar la diferencia y obligación de participar los menos valorados. Los resultados también sugieren la mayor importancia atribuida a la información solidaria facilitada previa al evento, así como el menor interés hacia la rendición de cuentas, por parte de los participantes.
Análisis del rendimiento deportivo del goalball de competición en función del género
Authors: Muñoz-Jiménez J. , Gamonales J.M. , León K. , Ibáñez S.J.
Published: March 2022

Los objetivos del presente estudio fueron analizar el Goalball de alta competición a través de la definición y la descripción de las variables contextuales, variables ofensivas, variables defensivas y variable de eficacia de la acción que se desarrollan durante el juego, así como evaluar las diferencias en el rendimiento entre la competición masculina y femenina. Cinco observadores entrenados analizaron todas las acciones de ataque y defensa de los 71 partidos del Campeonato de Europa de selecciones nacionales de Goalball, celebrado en Múnich (Alemania), en 2009. En total, se registraron 16 variables en cada uno de los 10649 lanzamientos de la competición. Posteriormente se realizó un análisis descriptivo y de diferencias entre las variables planteadas en el estudio en competición masculina y femenina. Los resultados evidencian la existencia de diferencias en el rendimiento de hombres y mujeres. En conclusión, el Goalball es una modalidad deportiva con diferencias significativas en el rendimiento según el género de la competición.
Influence of Land Tenure on Agroforestry Parkland Phyto-Diversity and Stand Structure in Sudanian Zone of Burkina Faso, West Africa
Authors: Sanou Lassina , Koala Jonas , Ouédraogo Souleymane , Ouattara Brama
Published: March 2022

Savanna Zone of Burkina Faso is characterized by the increasing population growth due to human migration from the north and central regions of the country for cultivating agricultural land and pastures. This situation induced land-use changes, and social reorganization has led to new approaches to natural resources management. Tenure issues in natural resources management limit the adoption of agroforestry systems and effective land use scale. This paper describes the species composition, structure, and diversity of woody species on agroforestry parklands at Tiogo under two types of land tenures. Ecological and structural characteristics of vegetation patches were computed to characterize the species composition. A variety of diversity measures were calculated to determine the heterogeneity for each type of land tenure. A total of 49 woody species belonging to 19 families and 38 genera were identified, of which 44 and 48 species were recorded in non-landowners’ farms and landowners' farms, respectively. Leguminosae, Combretaceae and Anacardiaceae were the most abundant families. The dominant species in agroforestry parklands were Vitellaria paradoxa, Parkia biglobosa, Lannea microcarpa, Piliostigma reticulatum and Piliostigma thonningii. Analyses of variance of the entire woody vegetation of agroforestry parklands revealed no significant differences in terms of all computed indexes but showed that the landowners’ farms were the most diverse than non-landowners farms. The density of stems ≥5 cm dbh and the basal area were higher in landowner’s farms than in non-landowners farms. In both types of farms, the size class distributions of the vegetation produced a reverse J-shaped curve, supporting that agroforestry parkland in Tiogo is dominated by young individuals. The spatial distribution of the seedling was mainly clumped, reflecting the dominance of clonal propagation. Security of land and tree tenure is a necessary condition for any land-based investment (planting and protection of preferred species and soil amendment). The challenge to maintain parklands’ tree biodiversity in “good” condition also needs to consider the flexibility of land tenure and equitability sharing of the benefits from trees.
Letters of Anna and Lubov Dostoevsky in the Archive of the National Library of France
Authors: Khramykh Anton
Published: March 2022

The article introduces into scientific circulation two letters written by the widow and daughter of F. M. Dostoevsky in 1912 and 1924 and addressed to the famous French director Jacques Copeau. These documents were discovered as a result of archival searches in the J. Copeau foundation in the National Library of France. The two letters are connected by their subject — the debut production of the play “The Brothers Karamazov” by Copeau at the Paris Theater of Arts in 1911. Reviews of the production published in the European and Russian press contain range of opinions: from enthusiastic to sharply critical. In his letter A. G. Dostoevskaya praised Copeau’s drama, however, she familiarized herself with it without seeing the theatrical production itself, by reading the book that the director had sent her. The publication of Copeau’s play, which is based on the novel “The Brothers Karamazov”, is a little-known exhibit of the Memorial Museum of F. M. Dostoevsky, established by the writer's widow in 1889. It is mentioned only in the notebook of A. G. Dostoevskaya 1912–1913. The year of inclusion of published Copeau’s play in the collection of the Memorial Museum of F. M. Dostoevsky is established based on the letter and the notebook of the writer’s widow. The letter from L. F. Dostoevsky contains information about her communication with such famous French writers as Jacques Copeau, Irénée Mauget and Paul Bourgeois, as well as about the attempts of the copyright heiress to receive remuneration for the production undertaken by Copeau. These details augment the currently scarce information about the emigration period in the biography of the writer's daughter. The appendix to the article contains the letters of A. G. and L. F. Dostoevsky in French and in translation.
Polyendocrine Autoimmunity and Diabetic Ketoacidosis Following Anti-PD-1 and Interferon α
Authors: Dasgupta Aditi , Tsay Eric , Federman Noah , Lechner Melissa G. , Su Maureen A.
Published: March 2022

Immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapies are now first-line therapy for many advanced malignancies in adults, with emerging use in children. With increasing ICI use, prompt recognition and optimal management of ICI-associated immune-related adverse events (IRAEs) are critical. Nearly 60% of ICI-treated adults develop IRAEs, which commonly manifest as autoimmune skin, gastrointestinal, and endocrine disease and can be life-threatening. The incidence, presentation, and disease course of spontaneous autoimmune diseases differ between adults and children, but the pattern of pediatric IRAEs is currently unclear. We report a case of a pediatric patient presenting with new onset autoimmune diabetes mellitus and diabetic ketoacidosis during ICI treatment of fibrolamellar hepatocellular carcinoma (FLC). Distinct from spontaneous type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), this patient progressed rapidly and was negative for known β cell autoantibodies. Additionally, the patient was positive for 21-hydroxylase autoantibodies, suggesting development of concomitant adrenal autoimmunity. Current guidelines for the management of IRAEs in adults may not be appropriate for the management of pediatric patients, who may have different autoimmune risks in a developmental context.
Implementasi Ayat-Ayat Hudud Dalam Tafsir Al-Azhar Sesuai Konteks Negara Indonesia
Authors: Syahputra Satria Tenun
Published: March 2022

This  article discuss about the implementation of Islamic law’s verses in al-Azhar exegesis to Indonesian context, being a largest moslem’s country in the world, Indonesia do not constitute the holy Quran as the primary sources of the country’s law, but rather to constitute UUD 1945 as  a primary sources of the law and Pancasila as the country’s constitution, the status of HAMKA as a stateman who have started his career away before  the establishment of the country and also as a well-known Islamic scholars, and the author of one of the famous Quranic exegesis in Indonesia Tafsir al-Azhar become the source of the scientific problem, how was the position of HAMKA as an islamic scholars to convey the islamic law firmly and explicitly, in the other hand, he must adjust his exegesis and implement it to Indonesian context which has their own product of law and constitution to demolish criminality, by using qualitative reasearch (Library Research) with the method of analisys-descriptive aproach focused to the al-Azhar exegesis found the efforts of HAMKA to integrate the islamic law with the country’s law and constitution, and is able to be implemented accordingly and simultenously, and also has a similarity, in addition there is also an opportuniy to constitute the islamic law to be the official law of the country by submitting the program to the government, based on the first pillar of Pancasila “ Believe in the One and Only God” which HAMKA stated as the fundamental power of Pancasila.
Analisis Kritis Eksistensi dan Urgensi Asbab An-Nuzul Dalam Penafsiran dan Istinbath Hukum
Authors: Arsal Arsal , Zubir Muhammad
Published: March 2022

This study aims to reveal the existence and urgency of asbab an-nuzul from the verses of the Qur'an in terms of interpreting and finding  the legal content. This research stands  by the pros and cons among scholars when addressing the existence of asbab an-nuzul al-Qur'an. The majority of scholar’s opinion said that  asbab an-nuzul which based on narration is very important  for  understanding  the content of the verse, but another scholar  come with the opposite opinion. There is an opinion says that asbab an-nuzul is not really important and seems it’s like a made up business. This research is critical analysis includes library research. While the method of  collecting  data analysis technique used is  inductive and comparative methods. The results of this study include: 1). The existence and urgency of asbab an-nuzul verses of the Qur'an are basicly important it can help to understand legal verses, but they are still casuistic not generalistic, there is a dictum al-Ibrah bi 'umum lafazh la bi khushushi sabab. 2). The Paradigm of the concept of asbab an-nuzul should be understood as a social setting (muqtadha al-hal) when the verses of the Qur'an were revealed to the Prophet SAW, with the term asbab an-nuzul macro, not only based on narration.
PERNIKAHAN BEDA AGAMA DALAM PERSPEKTIF AL-QURAN DAN HUKUM POSITIF DI INDONESIA
Authors: Nurlizam Nurlizam
Published: March 2022

Studi ini melihat penafsiran al-Quran tentang ayat-ayat pernikahan beda Agama di Indonesia. Fenomena sosial masyarakat Muslim Indonesia yang multikultural. Adanya peningkatan toleransi dan penerimaan antar pemeluk agama yang berbeda, memungkinkan mereka untuk saling berinteraksi, termasuk dalam bentuk jalinan pernikahan. Hal ini didorong pula oleh minimnya pengetahuan, pemahaman dan pengamalan agama dan hukum positif yang berlaku di Indonesia. Berdasarkan persoalan diatas, penelitian ini berupaya menyingkap penafsiran ayat-ayat terkait pernikahan beda agama dalam hubungannya dengan hukum positif yang berlaku di Indonesia. Studi ini mengambil metode analitis-komparatif sebagai langkah awal untuk menelusuri jejak pemahaman pernikahan beda agama dalam al-Quran dan hukum positif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan adanya sinergi antara pemahaman ayat dan hukum positif yang berlaku di Indonesia dengan ayat-ayat tentang.
Kajian Hermeneutika: (Telaah Konsep Hermeneutika Emansipatoris Hassan Hanafi)
Authors: Kalsum Ummi
Published: March 2022

Artikel  ini akan mencoba menelaah tentang hermeneutika emansipatoris hadis  yang di pelopori oleh Hassan Hanafi. Tujuan tulisan ini ingin menyingkap tentang riwayat kehidupan dari Hassan Hanafi dan menelisik  hermeneutika  emansipatoris hadis yang dilakukan Hasan Hanafi dalam rangka membangun pemahaman masyarakat, akademisi menuju pemahaman yang inovatif, kritis pada pemaknaan maupun pemahaman teks hadis yang bersifat lebih progresif. Terkait dengan metode yang digunakan dalam tulisan ini adalah metode deskriptif-analisis. Sedangkan pendekatannya adalah pendekatan hermeneutika. Hasil dari tulisan ini  bahwa Hassan Hanafi merupakan tokoh pemikir Islam kontemporer Mesir lahir pada 13 Februari 1935. Hermeneutika hadis yang ditawarkan Hanafi dikenal dengan hermeneutika pembebasan (emansipatoris) yang dibagi kepada tiga, yaitu kesadaran historis berfokus kepada pemahaman secara teks apa adanya. Kesadaran eidetis fokus pada pemahaman otensitas kebenaran langkah mufasir dalam segi kebahasaan. Dan kesadaran praksis ini pemahaman  dikaitkan dengan realitasyang terjadi ditengah masyarakat atau sesuai dengan kondisi perkembangan zaman. sehingga dari ketiga konsep tersebut maka hermeneutika hadis yang Hanafi lakukan tersebut beranjak dari proses regresif-progresif. Kemudian bagi Hanafi hadis merupakan dasar tasyri’ yang kedua setelah Alquran.
Tawassul Dalam Perspektif Hadis (Kajian Terhadap Hadis Kisah Tiga Pemuda Terperangkap Dalam Goa)
Authors: Nengsih Desri
Published: March 2022

Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kualitas terhadap hadis Kisah Tiga  Pemuda  yang Terperangkap dalam Goa serta untuk mendapatkan pemahaman yang komprehensif tentang tawassul terhadap Allah yang terdapat dalam teks hadis. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode takhrîj al-hadîts. Adapun Pelacakan terhadap hadis terkait dilakukan dengan memakai kitab Mu’jam al-Mufahrasy li Alfâzh an-Hadîts an-Nabawi karangan Wensink. Hadis yang ditemukan dilakukan analisis terhadap kualitas sanad dan matan serta analisis pemahaman hadis. Berdasarkan penelitian, hadis ini ditemukan dalam tiga kitab sumber hadis yang mu’tamad dan mu’tabaroh (standar dan diakui), yaitu Sahih Bukhari, Sahih Muslim dan Musnad ibn Hanbal. Dalam hadis ini ditemukan tiga bentuk tawassul dengan amal sholeh yang dilakukan oleh tiga pemuda yang terperangkap dalam goa.
Universal central extensions of braided crossed modules of Lie algebras
Authors: FERNÁNDEZ-FARİÑA Alejandro , LADRA Manuel
Published: March 2022

In this paper, we give a natural braiding on the universal central extension of a Lie crossed module with a given braiding in the category of Lie crossed modules. We also construct the universal central extension of a braided Lie crossed module in the category of braided Lie crossed modules, showing that, when one of these constructions exists, both of them exist and coincide.
Commutative graded-$n$-coherent and graded valuation rings
Authors: ASSARRAR Anass , MAHDOU Najib , TEKİR Ünsal , KOÇ Suat
Published: March 2022

Let $R= \oplus_{ \alpha \in G} R_{\alpha}$ be a commutative ring with unity graded by an arbitrary grading commutative monoid $G$. For each positive integer, the notions of a graded-n-coherent module and a graded-n-coherent ring are introduced. In this paper many results are generalized from $n$-coherent rings to graded-$n$-coherent rings. In the last section, we provide necessary and sufficient conditions for the graded trivial extension ring to be a graded-valuation ring.
Aspectos sociodemográficos, barreiras e motivações de ciclistas de uma cidade sul-brasileira: um estudo de métodos mistos
Authors: Guimarães Italo Fontoura , Ribeiro José Antônio Bicca , Nicoes Cintia Ramos , Bacchieri Giancarlo , Reichert Felipe Fossati , Crochemore-Silva Inácio
Published: March 2022

Resumo O objetivo foi descrever características de uso e aspectos sociodemográficos e motivacionais de ciclistas usuários do sistema cicloviário da cidade de Pelotas, estado do Rio Grande do Sul. Foi realizado um estudo de métodos mistos com abordagem quantitativa e qualitativa. No total, 841 ciclistas foram amostrados aleatoriamente e entrevistados no componente transversal descritivo do estudo. A maior parte dos usuários eram homens (82,9%), pertencentes à faixa etária entre 30 e 59 anos (55,8%) e trabalhadores da construção civil ou do comércio (47,4%). Mais de 80% utilizam a bicicleta como deslocamento. Embora a grande maioria tenha relatado utilizar bicicleta mesmo em dias de verão e inverno rigorosos, apenas 56,6% relataram manter o uso em dias de chuva. Nove entrevistas semiestruturadas foram realizadas no componente qualitativo e emergiram barreiras como condições climáticas atreladas à qualidade das vias (dias de chuva), relações de trânsito conflituosas e necessidade de melhoria e ampliação das vias em direção aos bairros. Entre as motivações, foram destacadas questões de economia de gastos com transporte e de cuidados da saúde (entre os ciclistas de lazer). Os resultados encontrados apresentam subsídios específicos para intervenções de políticas públicas e necessidade de foco de acordo com seus usuários.
Uso de medicamentos entre adolescentes rurais quilombolas e não quilombolas no interior da Bahia, Brasil
Authors: Leite Beo Oliveira , Rêgo Maria Amanda Sousa , Almeida Paloma Raquel Oliveira de , Medeiros Danielle Souto de
Published: March 2022

Resumo Este estudo visa descrever o uso de medicamentos prescritos e não prescritos e fatores associados entre adolescentes residentes em comunidades rurais, quilombolas e não quilombolas, do interior da Bahia, Brasil. Trata-se de um inquérito populacional com 390 adolescentes entre 10 e 19 anos de idade, realizado em 2015. Foram estimadas prevalências e odds ratio para uso de medicamentos prescritos e não prescritos, e análise múltipla foi conduzida por Regressão Logística Multinomial. Entre os entrevistados, 13,6% fez uso apenas de medicamentos prescritos e 14,4% fez uso apenas de medicamentos não prescritos. Os quilombolas demonstraram uma maior diversidade de especialidades farmacêuticas utilizadas. A baixa prevalência no uso de medicamentos nos dois grupos de adolescentes sugere um menor acesso a esses produtos. Apesar disso, observou-se a utilização irracional de medicamentos, principalmente como automedicação. Os adolescentes quilombolas, mesmo dentro da área de abrangência das outras comunidades, apresentaram diferentes fatores associados quando comparado ao grupo não quilombola: a presença de dor de dente nos últimos 6 meses e procurar o mesmo serviço de saúde aumentaram o uso de medicamentos prescritos.
Impacto da pandemia do COVID-19 na vacinação de crianças de até um ano de idade: um estudo ecológico
Authors: Procianoy Guilherme Silveira , Rossini Junior Fabiano , Lied Anita Faccini , Jung Luís Fernando Pagliaro Probst , Souza Maria Cláudia Schardosim Cotta de
Published: March 2022

Resumo O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar o impacto da pandemia de COVID-19 nos valores de vacinação para as imunizações voltadas a indivíduos com menos de um ano de vida no Brasil. Analisou-se os valores de cobertura vacinal, em território nacional, de dez vacinas presentes no calendário do Programa Nacional de Imunizações (PNI) durante os últimos oito anos (2013-2020). Esse é um estudo ecológico e todos os dados foram extraídos do PNI. Comparativamente aos anos prévios, em 2020 registrou-se o menor valor de cobertura vacinal da média do conjunto das vacinas estudadas, 75,07%, enquanto em 2019 esse mesmo índice ficou em 84,44%, resultando em uma queda de 11,10% entre esses dois períodos. Além disso, no ano da pandemia, das dez vacinas analisadas, nove registraram o seu menor valor histórico de cobertura, todas estando a no mínimo 14 pontos percentuais abaixo da meta do Ministério da Saúde. Embora já houvesse uma tendência de queda na cobertura vacinal, por diversos motivos, o presente estudo demonstra que os valores registrados em 2020 foram significativamente menores, fenômeno também registrado em outros países. Portanto, mesmo não conseguindo afirmar que a pandemia de COVID-19 e as medidas de distanciamento sejam as causas da queda dos valores de imunização, podemos inferir que há uma associação.