bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Patterns of surface energy exchange and evapotranspiration in relation to water availability in an oasis-desert ecotone
Authors: Ji Xibin , Zhao Wenzhi , Jin Bowen , Liu Jane , Xu Feinan , Zhou Hai
Published: April 2021

A knowledge of the exchanges of energy and water over the terrestrial
surface is the first step to understand the ecohydrological mechanisms,
particularly in water-limited ecosystems in the dryland environments.
However, patterns of energy exchange and evapotranspiration (ET) are not
well understood in the oasis-desert ecotone, which plays an important
role in protecting oasis against the threat of desertification in
northwestern China’s arid regions. Here the continuous measurements of
surface energy fluxes were made using eddy covariance in conjunction
with auxiliary measurements for two years (2014-2015) at a shrubland
within an oasis-desert ecotone in the arid regions, northwestern China.
Statistical analysis on 30-min time scale indicates that about 50% of
daytime net radiation (Rn) over the shrubland is dissipated as H on
average, which peaks in spring; one third Rn is consumed by soil heat
flux (G). Only 9% of Rn was consumed for latent heat flux (λE), which
peaks in summer (21% in 2014 and 16% in 2015), corresponding to the
season with highest rainfall among all seasons. Daily mean ET is about 1
mm·d−1 during growing season of the shrub species. The rapid and
transient increase in ET occurs following a rainfall event. A switch in
surface soil moisture from 0.04 to 0.11 m3·m−3 causes an increase in Rn
by about 11% and λE by 151% at the shrubland, respectively.
Accumulated annual ET were 195 and 181 mm in 2014 and 2015,
respectively, exceeding the corresponding P by about 87 and 77 mm,
indicating that groundwater may be another important source of water for
ET over the shrubland aside from P. These results provide valuable
insight into the mechanisms of sustaining energy and water balance at
the ecotone, and then produce some management guidelines for allocating
water resources and protecting vegetation.
Bronchoalveolar Lavage Profiles in Uncontrolled Wheezy Children Compared by Asthma Predictive Index
Authors: Ezmigna Dima , Brown Mark , Daines Cori , Morgan Wayne
Published: April 2021

The Asthma Predictive Index (API) predicts later asthma in preschoolers
with frequent wheeze. We hypothesized that airway cytology differs
between API positive(+ve)/negative(-ve) children with
uncontrolled/recurrent wheezing with dominance of eosinophils in API
(+ve) and neutrophils in API (-ve) groups respectively. Objective: To
compare bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) cell profiles in API (+ve)/(-ve)
children with recurrent wheezing unresponsive to inhaled corticosteroids
(ICS). Design: A retrospective analysis of BAL in 43 children, 3-36
months (median: 14 months) receiving ICS (31 API +ve ; 12 API -ve). BAL
cell differential counts, bacterial/viral cultures, and lipid-laden
macrophage percentages (LLM) were analyzed. Cell counts presented as
median (range). Results: Neutrophil percentages were increased in both
groups [API -ve 16% (1-76%); API +ve 42% (1-95%); P=NS]. Cell
percentages were similar for lymphocytes [API-ve 12% (1-30%); API
+ve 7% (1-37%)], and macrophages [API -ve 67.5% (12-97%); API
+ve 41 % (2-94%)]. Eosinophil percentages were low in both groups
[API -ve 1 % (1-2%); API +ve 1 % (1-11%)]. Bacterial cultures
were positive in 16 (80%) API +ve and 4 (33%) API -ve patients
(P=0.10). Conclusion: Cell profiles do not differ between API groups in
children ≤36 months with recurrent wheezing unresponsive to ICS.
Positive correlation between neutrophil percentages and positive
bacterial cultures was seen independent of API. Persistent bacterial
bronchitis likely plays an important role in the persistence of symptoms
unresponsive to inhaled corticosteroid therapy regardless of API status
with a trend to more positive cultures in API positive children.
Reflexões sobre políticas educativas, BNCC e formação docente
Authors: Prados Rosália Maria Netto , Ramirez Rodrigo Avella , Alvarez Sonia Maria
Published: April 2021

Este artigo trata de uma discussão sobre políticas de ensino de línguas no cenário contemporâneo para uma reflexão sobre a formação do professor da área de Letras. Fundamenta-se em teorias linguísticas e nas políticas educacionais, além de se apresentarem também estudos sobre o ensino de línguas no Brasil que refletem diretamente no processo de ensino-aprendizagem que se constituiu ao longo do processo histórico da educação brasileira. Tem como objetivos, apresentar o cenário contemporâneo do ensino de línguas; e descrever discursos político-educacionais de ensino e de formação do professor. A metodologia é a de uma pesquisa descritiva, de abordagem qualitativa, sobre teorias linguísticas e diretrizes curriculares do curso de Letras, para uma reflexão sobre as práticas linguísticas contemporâneas e políticas educacionais de formação e de ensino de línguas.
A gestão democrática no contexto do município de Queimados (RJ): a trajetória de eleição para diretores escolares
Authors: Bittencourt Bethania , Amaral Daniela Patti do
Published: April 2021

O presente artigo debate a trajetória da eleição de diretores das escolas públicas, desde a emancipação na década de 1990, no município de Queimados, localizado no estado do Rio de Janeiro, na região sudeste do Brasil. Por meio de análise documental de textos dos poderes executivo e legislativo, pode-se observar que a participação, como dimensão de gestão democrática (LIMA, 2014) afasta-se do centro deste processo. Aspectos relacionados ao desempenho do candidato à direção escolar são cruciais para a participação no pleito e estão sob o crivo do poder executivo. Ademais, a eleição de diretores expressa nos documentos legais gera uma espécie de auto fidelidade, visto a meta 19 do Plano Nacional de Educação que regulamenta a seleção de diretores por meio de consulta pública.
Diagnóstico educacional en la carrera de pedagogía en educación parvularia
Authors: Rojas Oscar , Vivas Amely , Solis Doris
Published: April 2021

El presente artículo tiene como objetivo determinar el diagnóstico educacional en la carrera de Pedagogía en Educación Parvularia en la Universidad Miguel de Cervantes ubicada en Santiago de Chile. Para ello se utilizó un enfoque cuantitativo y diseño no experimental transeccional-descriptivo. Los participantes fueron 300 estudiantes que cursaban el primer semestre en la Universidad antes mencionada. Se aplicó muestreo probabilístico intencional y se utilizó cuestionario con escalamiento tipo Likert. Los resultados demostraron que los estudiantes manejan que la UMC no cuenta con la carrera de Educación Parvularia, sin embargo, cuenta con los requerimientos mínimos para dicha creación. Los hallazgos encontrados permitieron determinar que los estudiantes requieren la creación de dicha carrera con el fin de tener procesos establecidos, que permitan la capacitación continua y el aprendizaje permanente, que marca la diferencia con otras instituciones que se han tomado el trabajo de desarrollar esta carrera.
Large neck metastasis with unknown primary tumor: A case report
Authors: Dimitrijevic Milovan , Bukurov Bojana , Jotic Ana
Published: April 2021

Introduction. Metastatic head and neck carcinoma (HNC) from an unknown primary tumor is defined as a metastatic disease in the neck?s lymph nodes without evidence of a primary tumor after appropriate investigation. Multiple national guidelines recommend taking essential steps in diagnostic protocols which involve a detailed clinical exam with radiological imaging, fine-needle aspiration (FNA) biopsy of the cervical tumor, esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) with palatine and lingual tonsillectomy, immunohistochemical staining, and human papillomavirus (HPV) detection. Treatment of HNCs of unknown primary origin involves surgery (neck dissection) with radiotherapy (RT), while some authors recommend chemo-radiotherapy in cases of advanced regional disease. Case report. A 44-year-old male was referred to the tertiary medical center because of a large ulcero-infiltrative cervical mass on the right side. Examination of the head and neck and flexible nasopharyngolaryngeal endoscopy was conducted, followed by computed tomography (CT) of the head, neck, and thorax with intravenous contrast. The primary localization of the tumor was not confirmed by these diagnostic methods. An open biopsy of the neck mass established a histopathology diagnosis of metastatic squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Results of EGD with biopsies and bilateral tonsillectomy were negative for malignancy. Treatment included extended radical neck dissection with reconstruction and postoperative ipsilateral RT. The patient presented with an extensive pharyngolaryngeal tumor five years after the first surgery. Biopsy with histopathology examination confirmed the diagnosis of SCC. Conclusion. A structured step-by-step diagnostic approach to identifying the primary site of the metastatic HNC is mandatory. Substantial advances in diagnostics and operative techniques have increased the likelihood of primary tumor identification and detection of the disease's regional and systemic spread. The purpose of adherence to guidelines results in higher overall survival and longer regional disease-free survival in these patients.
Clinical outcome and side effects of concomitant chemoradiotherapy in the treatment of locally advanced inoperable non-small cell lung cancer: Our experiences
Authors: Radojicic Bojan , Radojicic Marija , Misovic Miroslav , Kostic Dejan
Published: April 2021

Background/Aim. About 1.8 million new lung cancer cases are diagnosed worldwide every year, and about 1.6 million cases have a fatal outcome. Despite improvements in treatment in the previous decades, the survival of patients with lung cancer is still poor. The five-year survival rate is about 50% for patients with localized disease, 20% for patients with regionally advanced disease, 2% for patients with metastatic disease, and about 14% for all stages. The median survival of patients with untreated non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) in the advanced stage is four to five months, and the annual survival rate is only 10%. The aim of the study was to determine the results of treatment with concomitant chemoradiotherapy (CHRT) in terms of efficacy and toxicity in selected patients with advanced inoperable NSCLC. Methods. The study included data analysis of 31 patients of both sexes who were diagnosed and histopathologically verified with NSCLC in inoperable stage III and were referred by the Council for Malignant Lung Diseases to the Radiotherapy Department of the Military Medical Academy in Belgrade, Serbia for concomitant CHRT treatment. Upon expiry of the three months from the performed radiation treatment (RT), the tumor resonance was assessed based on multislice computed tomography (MSCT) examination of the chest and upper abdomen according to Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) version 1.1. According to the same criteria, progression-free survival (PFS), as well as overall survival (OS), was assessed every three months during the first two years, then every 6 months or until the onset of disease symptoms. Results. The median PFS was 13 months, and the median OS was 20 months. During and immediately after RT, 9 (29%) patients had a grade 2 or higher adverse events. Conclusion. The use of concomitant CHRT in patients in the third stage of locally advanced inoperable NSCLC provides a good opportunity for a favorable therapeutic outcome with an acceptable degree of acute and late toxicity and represents the standard therapeutic approach for selected patients in this stage of the disease.
Facial nerve palsy as the first sign of late breast cancer metastasis to the temporal bone
Authors: Dudvarski Zoran , Arsovic Nenad , Dimitrijevic Milovan , Jakovljevic Sasa , Boricic Novica , Boricic Ivan
Published: April 2021

Introduction. Late metastases of malignant tumors in the temporal bone are very rare lesions. They can be asymptomatic for a long time and usually manifest them-selves in the form of hearing loss, dizziness, tinnitus, and paralysis of the facial nerve. Modern radiological diagnostics and explorative surgery with biopsy are essential for diagnosis. Case report. We present a rare and unusual case of a 66-year-old female patient with facial nerve paralysis that appeared as the first sign of metastatic breast cancer in the temporal bone 10 years after treatment. A sudden hearing loss and dizziness occurred six months later, and the value of CA 15-3 was elevated. Scintigraphy pointed to susceptible metastatic deposits of the axial skeleton without lesions in the temporal bone. Finally, repeated computed tomography revealed osteolytic changes in the temporal bone six months after that. Immunohistochemical analysis of mastoid tissue samples confirmed that it was a breast cancer metastasis. One year after palliative radiotherapy and oral hormone therapy, a patient had a good general condition with a better function of the facial nerve. Conclusion. A high degree of clinical suspicion sometimes requires repeated radio-logical diagnostics in order to detect osteolytic metastatic changes in the temporal bone but also in other bone structures within the hematogenous dissemination of the malignant disease.
CE Article: Use of an Evidence-Based Protocol for Repositioning Peripherally Inserted Central Catheters (PICCs) in Children and Adults
Authors: Mesa Jorge , Mejia Amalyn , Tiu Gareth
Published: April 2021

Highlights

Introduction: Achieving and maintaining optimal peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) tip position can be challenging. At any time during therapies, the final catheter position can be altered due to changes in patient condition and intrathoracic pressure.

Aim: To determine if the use of a standardized protocol with power flush option for repositioning the PICC tips will reduce the number of withdrawal interventions or exchange procedures.

Methods: Johns Hopkins evidence-based practice (EBP) methodology was used to evaluate literature published in the past 5 years. A standardized protocol was developed and implemented in patients with malpositioned PICCs. The outcome measures were the successful repositioning of the catheter and costs for the procedure.

Results: In 4 months, 43 (93%) of 46 (14 adult/32 pediatric) catheters were successfully repositioned. The withdrawal method was used to reposition 34 (73.9%). In 12 patients where a power flush was used, 9 (75%) were successfully repositioned. These changes resulted in decreased delays in treatment and financial savings of $235,210 in personnel time and supplies.

Discussion: The standardized protocol provided an alternative to previous practices, extending dwell time, decreasing treatment delay, and unnecessary procedures, showing significant savings for the institution.

Conclusions: The Vascular Access Team use of an evidence-based protocol was successful in reducing catheter exchange and withdrawals in malpositioned catheters among adult and pediatric populations.

Relevance to Clinical Practice: The implementation of a standardized EBP to address malpositioned catheters resulted in the decreased need for catheter exchange, reduced delays in treatment, and cost savings.
Placing a Hemodialysis Catheter in Patients With Multiple Access Failure and Exhausted Usual Approachable Veins: Egyptian Single Center Experience
Authors: Fatthy Moataz , Abdelaziz Tarek S. , Marie Mohamed A. , Abdelkawi Mohamed , Tawab Tamer Abdel
Published: April 2021

Highlights

Background: End-stage renal disease (ESRD) is a growing global health hazard. Most patients are maintained on dialysis rather than transplantation. Adequate vascular access for hemodialysis is crucial to achieve an optimal dialysis dose and to reduce morbidity and mortality. Patients with multiple access failure are in desperate need for lifesaving access, especially in the absence of alternatives (transplantation or peritoneal dialysis).

Objective: Patients with multiple vascular access failure and exhausted approachable veins are being referred to an interventional nephrology or radiology centers. The aim of this work is to evaluate a single center’s experience of sophisticated venous approaches to provide access for hemodialysis.

Methods: This study was performed at the Interventional Nephrology Center at Kasr Al-Ainy University Hospitals. Epidemiological data of patients, e.g., age, gender, as well as the number of previously cannulated central veins, were documented.

Results: Data of 188 patients with multiple dialysis venous access failure (117 females and 71 males, aged 17–56 years) were collected. Successful innominate (brachiocephalic) venous cannulation was achieved in 149 patients (79%). Eighteen patients had successful external iliac venous approach (9%). Successful transhepatic venous approach was placed as permanent access in 7 patients (4%). The rest of the patients (n = 14, 7%) were referred to other centers due to failure.

Conclusions: Sophisticated central venous approaches, mainly brachiocephalic, as described in this study, may play as alternatives for placing either temporary or tunneled hemodialysis catheters in patients with multiple vascular access failure and stenosed or thrombosed central veins.
A Randomized, Open-Label Comparison of Once-Weekly Insulin Icodec Titration Strategies Versus Once-Daily Insulin Glargine U100
Authors: Lingvay Ildiko , Buse John B. , Franek Edward , Hansen Melissa V. , Koefoed Mette M. , Mathieu Chantal , Pettus Jeremy , Stachlewska Karolina , Rosenstock Julio
Published: April 2021

OBJECTIVE

Insulin icodec (icodec) is a novel once-weekly basal insulin analog. This
trial investigated the efficacy and safety of icodec using different once-weekly
titration algorithms.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

This was a phase 2, randomized, open-label,
16-week, treat-to-target study. Insulin-naïve adults (n = 205) with type
2 diabetes and HbA1c 7–10% while treated with oral glucose-lowering medications
initiated once-weekly icodec titrations A (pre-breakfast self-measured blood
glucose target, 80–130 mg/dL; adjustment ±21U/week; n = 51), B (80–130
mg/dL; ±28U/week; n = 51), C (70–108 mg/dL; ±28U/week; n = 52),
or once-daily insulin glargine U100 (IGlar U100; 80–130 mg/dL; ±4U/day; n
= 51), all titrated weekly. Percentage time
in range (TIR; 70–180 mg/dL) during weeks 15&16 was measured using
continuous glucose monitoring.

RESULTS

TIR improved from baseline (means: A, 57.0%; B, 55.2%; C,
51.0%; IGlar U100, 55.3%) to weeks 15&16 (estimated mean: A, 76.6%; B, 83.0%;
C, 80.9%; IGlar U100, 75.9%). TIR was greater for titration B than for IGlar
U100 (estimated treatment difference: 7.08%-points; 95% CI, 2.12%–12.04%; P = 0.005). No unexpected safety signals
were observed. Level 2 hypoglycemia (<54 mg/dL) was low in all groups (0.05,
0.15, 0.38, 0.00 events per patient/year for icodec titrations A, B, C, IGlar
U100, respectively), with no episodes of severe hypoglycemia.

CONCLUSION

Once-weekly icodec was efficacious and well tolerated
across all three titration algorithms investigated. Icodec titration A (80–130 mg/dL; ±21U/week) displayed
the best balance between glycemic control and risk of hypoglycemia.
Spouse’s Diabetes Status and Incidence of Depression and Anxiety: An 18-Year Prospective Study
Authors: Nielsen Jannie , Cunningham Solveig A. , Ali Mohammed K. , Patel Shivani A.
Published: April 2021

OBJECTIVE

We investigated the risk of depression and/or anxiety in people whose
spouse did or did not have diabetes. We also examined associations between
depression and/or anxiety and severity of spouse’s diabetes.

RESEARCH DESIGN & METHODS

We analyzed prospective self-reported data
about diagnosed depression/anxiety and diabetes in cohabiting couples in the national
Panel Study of Income Dynamics, 1999-2017 (n=13,500, 128,833 person-years of
follow-up, median follow-up: 8.1 years). We used Poisson models to estimate
incidence and incidence rate ratios (IRRs) of depression/anxiety, according to
spouse’s diabetes status overall and by severity of diabetes.

RESULTS

Age-, sex- and race- adjusted incidence of depression/anxiety was 8.0/1000 person-years (95%CI: 6.5, 9.6) among those whose spouse had
diabetes and 6.5/1000 person-years (95%CI, 6.0, 6.9) among those whose spouse did
not have diabetes. Those whose spouse had diabetes had higher risk of
depression/anxiety (IRR: 1.24, 95%CI: 1.01;1.53). Those whose spouse had
diabetes-related limitations in daily activities (IRR: 1.89, 95%CI: 1.35, 2.67)
and diabetes combined with other chronic conditions (IRR: 2.34, 95%CI: 1.78,
3.09) were more likely to develop depression/anxiety, while those whose spouse
had diabetes with no limitations or additional chronic conditions had similar
incidence of depression/anxiety to those whose spouses did not have diabetes.

CONCLUSION

People living with a spouse with diabetes are
at higher risk of developing anxiety/depression than people whose spouse does
not have diabetes; this risk is driven by the severity of the spouse’s
diabetes. Strategies to address the impacts of diabetes on families need to be
devised and tested.
L-Theanine Activates the Browning of White Adipose Tissue through the AMPK/α-Ketoglutarate/Prdm16 Axis and Ameliorates Diet-induced Obesity in Mice
Authors: Peng Wan-Qiu , Xiao Gang , Li Bai-Yu , Guo Ying-Ying , Guo Liang , Tang Qi-Qun
Published: April 2021

L-Theanine
is a nonprotein amino acid with much beneficial efficacy. We found that
intraperitoneal treatment of the mice with L-Theanine(100mg/kg/day) enhanced
adaptive thermogenesis and induced the browning of inguinal white adipose
tissue (iWAT) with elevated expression of Prdm16, Ucp1 and other thermogenic
genes. Meanwhile, administration of the mice with L-Theanine increased energy
expenditure. In vitro studies indicated that L-Theanine induced the development
of brown-like features in adipocytes. The shRNA-mediated depletion of Prdm16
blunted the role of L-Theanine in promoting the brown-like phenotypes in
adipocytes and in the iWAT of mice. L-Theanine treatment enhanced AMPKα
phosphorylation both in adipocytes and in iWAT. Knockdown of AMPKα ablolished
L-Theanine-induced upregulation of Prdm16 and adipocytes browning. L-Theanine
increased the α-ketoglutarate (α-KG) level in adipocytes, which may increase
the transcription of Prdm16 by inducing active DNA demethylation on its
promoter. AMPK activation was required for L-Theanine-induced increase of α-KG and
DNA demethylation on Prdm16 promoter. Moreover, intraperitoneal administration
with L-Theanine ameliorated obesity, improved glucose tolerance and insulin
sensitivity, and reduced plasma triglyceride, total cholesterol and free fatty
acid in the high fat diet-fed mice. Our results suggest a potential role of L-Theanine
in combating diet-induced obesity in mice, which may involve L-Theanine-induced
browning of white adipose tissue.
Phospholipid Levels at Seroconversion are Associated with Resolution of Persistent Islet Autoimmunity: The Diabetes Autoimmunity Study in the Young
Authors: Carry Patrick M. , Vanderlinden Lauren A. , Johnson Randi K. , Buckner Teresa , Fiehn Oliver , Steck Andrea K. , Kechris Katerina , Yang Ivana , Fingerlin Tasha E. , Rewers Marian , Norris Jill M.
Published: April 2021

Reversion of islet
autoimmunity (IA) may point to mechanisms that prevent IA progression. We
followed 199 individuals who developed IA during the Diabetes Autoimmunity Study in the Young. Untargeted metabolomics
was performed in serum samples following IA. Cox-proportional hazards models
were used to test if the metabolites (2,487) predicted IA reversion, two or
more consecutive visits negative for all autoantibodies. We conducted a
principal component analysis (PCA) of the top metabolites, |hazard ratio (HR)
>1.25| and nominal p<0.01. Phosphatidylcholine (16:0_18:1(9Z) was the
strongest individual metabolite (hazard ratio (HR) per 1 standard deviation:
2.16, FDR adjusted p=0.0037). Enrichment
analysis identified four clusters (FDR p<0.10) characterized by an
overabundance of sphingomyelin
(d40:0), phosphatidylcholine (16:0_18:1(9Z)), phosphatidylcholine
(30:0), and L-decanoylcarnitine. Overall, 63 metabolites met the criteria for
inclusion in the PCA. PC1 (HR: 1.4, p<0.0001), PC2 (HR: 0.85, p=0.0185), and
PC4 (HR: 1.28, p=0.0103) were associated with IA reversion. Given the potential
influence of diet on the metabolome, we investigated whether nutrients were
correlated with PCs. We identified 20 nutrients that were correlated with the
PCs (p<0.05). Total sugar intake was the top nutrient. Overall, we
identified an association between phosphatidylcholine, sphingomyelin, and
carnitine levels and reversion of IA.
MULTIMODAL STUDY OF FOLKLORE SPEECH (TO STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM)
Authors: VOENUSHKINA EKATERINA A.
Published: April 2021

The article describes a brief history of the development of a multimodal approach in linguistics, considers the pos-sibility of analyzing oral speech from the point of view of multimodality, and also evaluates the perspectives of analyzing spon-taneous folklore speech, which is expressed in the genres of non-fabulous prose. Of particular interest is the study of folkloric accounts and past occurrences, because they encompass live oral speech and serve as a model of a folklore work itself. Such a text is inherently multimodal, since it initially contains all types of semiotic modes (verbal, prosodic and visual).
IMPLEMENTATION OF A COMPETENCE-BASED APPROACH IN THE PROFESSIONAL TRAINING OF STUDENTS AT TECHNICAL UNIVERSITIES THROUGH ELECTRONIC SIMULATORS
Authors: ISAEVA TATIANA E. , MALISHEVSKAYA NATALIA A.
Published: April 2021

The use of simulators in the learning environment is constantly expanding with the development of computer technologies. Despite of the constant interest to this problem, Russian pedagogy still lacks serious research on the theoretical and practical aspects of using simulators in the vocational training of students at technical universities. The attempt to study the essence of the concepts “simulator”, “electronic simulator”, the methodical potential of simulators in the educational process of the university, identifying various approaches to the classification of this phenomenon is taken in this paper. The authors also demonstrate the possibilities of the didactic use of simulators for the implementation of competence-based learning.
TECHNOLOGICAL TRAINING IN SECONDARY SCHOOLS: PRAXIOLOGICAL ASPECT
Authors: LISTVIN ALEXANDER A. , GARTH MARINA A.
Published: April 2021

The article discusses the need to solve educational problems associated with the inevitable transition of mankind to a new technological order. The practice of solving problems caused by a complex of factors initiated by the next technological revolution is analyzed; to find solutions to the above problems means ensuring sustainable socio-economic development of the country. The necessity of developing an educational policy on the basis of harmonizing national goals and objectives of sustainable development of the country, taking into account modern trends, and, above all, modernizing the subject area “Technology” in the content of basic general education, is substantiated.
THE MACARTHUR-BATES COMMUNICATIVE DEVELOPMENT INVENTORIES AS A DIAGNOSTIC TOOL FOR THE LEXICON OF BILINGUAL CHILDREN
Authors: ELISEEVA MARINA B.
Published: April 2021

The article analyzes the MacArthur Communicative Development Inventory (CDI) as a means of research and diagnostics of children's speech in different languages. It takes into account the data from Stanford University websites, which deal with findings resulted from the analysis of completed questionnaires. The sites provide abundant information concerning adaptations of this tool for more than 100 languages and a database of children's passive and active lexicons for 29 languages (including Russian). Moreover, on the basis of 23 languages, they show unique and universal character of word usage in the speech of young learners studying several different languages simultaneously. This article also provides research findings on the bilingual children’s early vocabulary (with Russian as the Heritage language) under the RFBR grant No. 19-012-00293.
THE NIBELUNG MYTH IN LINGUISTICS AND CULTURE OF GERMANIC PEOPLES
Authors: ZHILIUK SERGEI A.
Published: April 2021

The Lay of the Nibelungs is a prominent literature work dating back to the early 13th century. It is a result of almost 10 century evolution of the material going back into the early Middle Ages. The material was also used by other Germanic peoples for development of Scandinavian sagas, Faroese and Danish ballads. The texts representing the story of the Nibelungs mark different stages of social and cultural development of the relevant Germanic peoples and are of a special interest for the historians dealing with the social history of Europe. The Lay of the Nibelungs, however, content not only contemporary features, like courteous rituals, but also archaic ones deriving from ancient lays and tales which are left unknown to us. The 19th century saw growing influence of the myth of the Nibelungs on German society with de La Mott Fouquet and Wagner creating the most eminent works updating the ancient lay. In the 20th century the Nibelungs-mentality shaped some aspects of Nazi ideology and was widely discussed by the leaders of the Third Reich.
THE LINGUOCULTUROLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF FIGURATIVE AND EXPRESSIVE MEANS IN EPIGRAMS BY RASUL GAMZATOV
Authors: OMAROVA ZAINAB S.
Published: April 2021

The article deals with linguistic and partially linguoculturological analysis of the figurative and expressive means in epigrams by Rasul Gamzatov. Features of substantive, verbal and adjectival metaphors that correlate with different codes of culture - zoomorphic, vegetation, subject and anthropic are considered. Semantic-stylistic possibilities of similes, antonymic oppositions in epigrams and ways of their inclusion in poetic discourse are defined. The issues of personification and expressive syntactic constructions to strengthen national and cultural, individual and authorial connotations are raised. The author analyses interaction cases in the semantic-stylistic context of various expressive means in epigrams by Rasul Gamzatov. Despite the distinct independence of the cultures, the tradition of orolatria among Dagestani peoples allows talking about the commonality of the features in the epic thinking among the peoples of Dagestan, which, definitely, later was reflected in the genre and figurative epic heritage.
Diversity of Micromycetes Inhabiting Technogenic Zones
Authors: Li Zaynitdinova
Published: April 2021

As result of conducted study micromycetes capable to grow in extreme conditions (high and low pH level, high salt concentration, and high temperature) were isolated. It was determined that out of all diversity of mycobiota the best capability to grow in compose conditions is characteristic to representatives of genera Aspergillus (strains A. terreus 252 and 253, A. flavus 257) and Penicillium, and strain Cladosporium cladosporioides 244 as well. Scarce diversity of micromycetes and extensive presence of representatives of genus Aspergillus in collected samples are characteristic features of fungal community in sewage of the studied gas-processing enterprises.
TEACHERS’ PERCEIVED ATTITUDES TOWARD THE IMPLEMENTATION OF 21ST CENTURY SKILLS AT PRIMARY SCHOOL
Authors: Utami Luh Putu Restu Adi , Padmadewi Ni Nyoman , Artini Luh Putu , Dewi Ni Luh Putu Eka Sulistia
Published: April 2021

21st century education requires teachers to be able to understand the 21st century skills and apply them in daily classroom practice. Although necessary for teachers, research on investigating the teachers’ perceived attitudes toward the implementation of the 21st century skills for teaching English in primary schools in Bali is still limited. This study aimed to investigate primary school’s English teachers’ perceived attitudes toward the implementation of 21st-century skills. The design of this study was a sequential embedded mixed method with dominantly used qualitative design. This study used 3 English teachers and two headmasters from 2 primary schools in Tabanan regency as the subject. The data were collected by using a questionnaire and interview to gain the data of teachers’ perceived attitudes toward the implementation of the 21st century skills. From the data that have been obtained, primary English teachers gave positive attitudes toward 95,8% of the skills in the implementation of 21st century skills. The interview section showed that the teacher lacks understanding of 21st century skills because of a lack of in-depth information about 21st century skills. Moreover, the teachers have to be aware of 21st century skills in the assessment as one of the concepts that are adapted for Kurikulum 2013.
LEARNERS’ PERCEPTION AND PRACTICES ON AUTONOMOUS LANGUAGE LEARNING IN EFL SETTINGS
Authors: Marsevani Maya
Published: April 2021

This research was aimed to investigate learners’ perception and practices of understanding teachers’ teaching objectives and requirements related to autonomous language learning, setting up their objectives and study plans to autonomous language learning, and find out learners perceive in learning English autonomously. To gain a deep understanding and utilizing the objectives, the researcher employed descriptive qualitative research. The research findings were extracted through both an online questionnaire and interview. Some constraints were reported in this research, but more positive responses were still shown by the learners. They positively disposed to the notion of learner autonomy. The learners specifically showed positive attitudes toward instructors’ teaching objectives and requirements, setting up their objectives and study plans, and their practices in learning English autonomously. Further researchers, thus, need to research in various universities with a large number to gain a deeper and wider understanding about learners perceive in autonomous language learning.
Lessons learned from a Ponzi game in Congo
Authors: Anaclet Jean
Published: April 2021

To last, a Ponzi game requires a permanent flow of new lenders who get inserted into the system endlessly. In this paper, we show that, unlike Carlo Ponzi in Boston and Bindo Bolembé in Kinshasa (DRC), in the Salu Humberto Brada case in Congo Brazzaville, the debt of the borrower agent was also backed on real assets. This subdues the infinite horizon constraint of the scheme he implemented and shows how his Ponzi game could have gone on infinitely.
Penerapan Model CTL (Contextual Teaching And Learning) Melalui Alat Peraga Torso dalam Peningkatan Hasil Belajar Pada Mata Pelajaran IPA Kelas V di SDN Muara Bumban 1 Kabupaten Murung Raya
Authors: Nurhaliza Erisma
Published: April 2021

So that the formulation of this problem is 1) How is the application of the CTL (Contextual Teaching and Learning) model through the Torso Props Class V at SDN Muara Bumban 1, Murung District, Murung Raya District. 2) Is there an increase in student learning outcomes after the application of the fifth grade CTL (Contextual Teaching and Learning) model at SDN Muara Bumban 1, Murung District, Murung Raya Regency. This study aims to determine: 1) The application is carried out using the CTL (contextual taching and learning) learning model using torso props in the fifth grade natural science subjects at SDN Muara Bumban 1, Murung District, Murung Raya District. 2) To find out the increase in student learning outcomes after using the CTL (Contextual Teaching and Learning) model class V at SDN Muara Bumban 1, Murung District, Murung Raya Regency. This study uses a mixed methodology (mixed methodology). The  population and sample data in this study were 15 students. Data collection techniques used in this study were observation, objective tests (pre-test and post-test) and documentation. The results of this study indicate that: 1) The application is carried out using the CTL (contextual taching and learning) learning model using torso teaching aids that students tend to be active during learning and listening to what is explained and conveyed by the teacher. 2) There is an increase after is 43,733 receiving treatment (treatment) with an average post-test value that is equal to 87.2 and N-gain value of 0.767 with moderate criteria.
Pengembangan Computer Assisted Instructional Integrated Science Materi “Hujan” di Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Rizal Setria Utama , Uswatun Din Azwar , Sutisnawati Astri , Aditia Rifki
Published: April 2021

The lack of learning media is one indicator of science learning less favored by elementary school students. The use of instructional media can overcome students' difficulties in understanding contextually material. The purpose of this research is to produce integrated learning media Computer Assisted Instructional learning material "rain" material in improving critical thinking skills of third grade elementary school students. This research method uses research & development with the Borg & Gall development model and field trials using one-group pretest-posttest design at SDIT Al-Khoiriyah Al-Husna Sukabumi. Data collection techniques using interviews, observation, questionnaires, and tests. Data collection instruments included interview guidelines, observation sheets, questionnaire sheets, and test questions. The results of this study are in the form of learning products for Computer Assisted Instructional integrated science elementary school with "rain" material. The results of the product validation show that the integrated Computer Assisted Instructional learning media is appropriate for use in elementary science learning with an average rating from the "Very Good" category validator. Field trial results show that the integrated Computer Assisted Instructional elementary school learning media with "rain" material is effectively used in the elementary science learning process to improve students' critical thinking skills with a gain of 0.81. So that the results of this study can be used in the learning process of science in students of SDIT Al-Khoiriyah Al-Husna Sukabumi and developed in other SD / MI.
РАЗРАБОТКА ПРЕДЛОЖЕНИЙ В РЕКОМЕНДАЦИИ ВОИС ПО ПОВЫШЕНИЮ ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТИ СИСТЕМ ЭЛЕКТРОННОЙ ПУБЛИКАЦИИ СВЕДЕНИЙ ОБ ОБЪЕКТАХ ПАТЕНТНОГО ПРАВА
Authors: Бирюков Сергей , Быков Даниил
Published: April 2021

Объектом исследования являются системы электронной публикации Роспатента и зарубежных ведомств в сфере промышленной собственности.

Цель работы – разработка требований к системам электронной публикации для информационного обслуживания, позволяющего обеспечить доступ к полному содержанию выданного патента или опубликованного документа заявки в электронном виде, и обогащающих пользовательский опыт работы с указанными документами за счет технических возможностей гипертекста.

В работе использован структурно-функциональный метод исследования, позволяющий изучить практику Роспатента и ФИПС и зарубежных патентных ведомств в части возможностей информационных систем электронной публикации, анализ результатов опроса, проведенного среди патентных ведомств, в том числе Российской Федерации.

Результатами НИР являются разработанные предложения в рекомендации ВОИС по системам электронной публикации.

Научная новизна заключается в исследовании возможности широкого применения гипертекста в системах публикации как национальных, так и их совокупности на международном уровне.

Практическая новизна заключается в выработке совокупности предложений для использования:

- Целевой группой ВОИС для создания рекомендаций по системам электронной публикации;

- при создании новых систем в рамках мероприятий национальной программы «Цифровая экономика Российской Федерации».
HOW SOCIAL COMPARISON ON INSTAGRAM AFFECTS WELL-BEING. PERSPECTIVES FROM A STUDY CONDUCTED DURING THE LOCKDOWN
Authors: BALABAN Delia Cristina , SPOALLER Dorin Francisc
Published: April 2021

During the Spring of 2020 amid the COVID-19 pandemic, several countries ordered lockdowns. The limitations of movement contributed to the rise of social media activity. The present research focused on how the active use of Instagram had an impact on well-being during the first lockdown in Romania. Aiming to explore how active Instagram use contributes to users' self-esteem, satisfaction with life, and loneliness during an unprecedented situation of a lockdown, we conducted an online survey in April 2020 on young adults (N=411) in Romania. Findings showed that actively using Instagram during the lockdown did not have a significant direct impact on self-esteem and satisfaction with life, but significantly decreased loneliness. Upward comparison of Instagram active users contributed to the increase in self-esteem but decreased the values of satisfaction with life and increased loneliness. The downward comparison had no significant impact on self-esteem, satisfaction with life, and loneliness.
JOKER IN NEWS MEDIA DISCOURSE
Authors: GRAPĂ Teodora-Elena
Published: April 2021

The entertainment media often delivers cultural symbols, which occasionally inform news media discourse. Such is the case of the “Joker” being used as a symbol of chaos. Since the character’s existence and popularity generated a pool of possibilities for political associations, the latest Joker film by director Todd Phillips, which premiered in 2019, caused controversy on many levels: “The real threat of Joker is hiding in plain sight” (The New York Times 2019); “Joker isn’t an ode to the far right – it’s a warning against austerity” (The Guardian 2019). The polemical aspect of the discourse prompted by this film is apparent in the frames used by the news media to cover Joker’s premiere. This paper aims to identify these news media frames, using an inductive clustering method, and further investigate them by exploring theories of social construction of reality, with a focus on psychoanalytic aspects of the hero/villain myth that informs these news frames.
NETTA BARZILAI AS AN ISRAELI SYMBOLIC GOODS
Authors: KATZ Galia
Published: April 2021

his paper discusses Pierre Bourdieu’s term symbolic goods (1930-2002) through an Israeli case study, Netta Barzilai. An Israeli performer and songwriter, winner of the Eurovision 2018 with the song “TOY” which became the anthem of the Me-Too movement. Netta as a symbolic good was packaged, marketed and distributed to the public, and the Netta phenomenon has spread throughout the world. Based on interviews with Netta, through listening to the songs and watching the clips that came after “TOY”, “Bassa Sababa” (2019), “Nana Banana” (2019) and “Ricki Lake” (2020), I examine how and if Netta continues to maintain her status as a symbolic good, as an example and role model for many, and whether she continues to convey her message - self-love and self-acceptance - through shattering cultural and social stereotypes. It seems that Netta’s next three songs introduced a powerful big size Netta but also a vengeful, vicious, narcissistic and lazy Netta. The fresh message she carried at the beginning was swallowed up in an ocean of shallow commercial images. A trend that led Netta’s fans to lose interest and Netta to reinvent herself in her latest song, “Cuckoo” (2020). Through sincerity, directness and cleanliness of her message, Netta like a bird in a cage seeks to break free from the evil loop in which she was imprisoned and not only love herself but also love others and let others love her.
TESTING OF THE BLACK SCHOLES AND GARCH MODELS IN LQ45 USING LONG STRADDLE STRATEGY IN 2009-2018
Authors: Hendrawan Riko , Sasmito Anggadi
Published: April 2021

The purpose of this study is to examine the implementation of option contracts using Black Scholes and GARCH on the LQ45 index using the long straddle strategy. This study uses time-series data as a time frame for conducting research, using a sample of closing price data for the LQ 45 daily index for 2009-2018. For the test the model, we used the secondary data of the closing stock price index from February 28, 2009 to March 31, 2019The results of this study are seen by comparing the average percentage value of Average Mean Squared Error (AMSE) of Black Scholes and GARCH with the application of a long straddle strategy, where the smaller the percentage value, the better the model will be. Within one month of option contract due date, Black Scholes is better than GARCH, with an error value on the call option of 2.77% and the put option of 1.56%. Within two months of option contract due date, GARCH is better than Black Scholes, with an error value on the call option of 8.12% and the put option of 4.00%. Within three months of option contract due date, Black Scholes is better than GARCH, with an error value on the call option of 12.38% and on the put option of 5.50%. The long straddle strategy in the LQ45 index only reached a maximum of 60% of possible profits, with an average of around 30% possible profits.
DETERMINANTS OF CAPITAL STRUCTURE’S ADJUSTMENT SPEED: EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS OF REAL ESTATE, PROPERTY, AND CONSTRUCTION FIRMS
Authors: Soekarno Subiakto , Prayoga Eggy Muhammad , Mambea Indra Yudha
Published: April 2021

This study explored the determinants of capital structure, optimal capital structure, and adjustment speed in real-estate, property, and construction firms in Indonesia. It conducted a quantitative analysis of the annual report of 25 listed firms by employing a generalized method of moment approach with panel data to estimate the result. Results showed that the determinants of capital structure, such as profitability, tangibility, size, and liquidity, have a negative impact on leverage. By contrast, a non-debt tax shield has a positive impact. Based on the regression result, firms have an optimal capital structure target with a yearly adjustment speed of 80%. Furthermore, calculation of optimal target structure shows that firms require approximately three years to meet the discrepancy between their current capital structure and the targeted capital structure.
Análisis del diseño e implementación de la Estrategia Nacional para el Fortalecimiento y la Transformación de las Escuelas Normales 2017
Authors:   , Juan Luis Fernández Valdez
Published: April 2021

Este trabajo tiene como objetivo describir y analizar desde el enfoque de política pública, la formación de la agenda que dio origen a la Estrategia Nacional 2017 y los principales problemas de diseño e implementación que presentó, a fin de generar información que permita valorar dicha estrategia y, en su caso, mejorar o complementar futuras políticas dirigidas a las escuelas normales públicas. Para cumplir con este objetivo, se desarrolló un análisis documental en el que se utilizaron diversas fuentes de información cuyo contenido fuera relevante para describir o analizar distintos aspectos de la Estrategia Nacional 2017 (leyes, documentos oficiales, artículos de investigación y de opinión en soportes escritos y audiovisuales). Para la interpretación y análisis de esa información se utilizaron conceptos y enfoques de las políticas públicas y de la sociología de la educación superior.