bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Corpus-Based Comparison of Inclusiveness in L2 Reading Materials for Refugee Children
Authors: Simsek Meliha R.
Published: May 2022

Despite increased emphasis on the role of inclusive practices and materials in post-COVID-19 classrooms and warnings about implicit biases against disadvantaged groups, the textbook problem has rarely been approached with equity measures in mind. This multimethod study aimed to investigate to what extent L2 reading materials, locally produced and used for refugee education in Turkey and New Zealand, include all children with different proficiency levels, gender identities and cultural backgrounds using corpus-driven methods. All verbal and nonverbal texts from ten thematically similar third-grade storybooks were subjected to qualitative and quantitative analysis. Comparisons against measures of grammatical and lexical complexity, and of gender and cultural equity revealed that despite both being far from achieving the ideal composition for creating inclusive learning-friendly environments, TSL materials were lagging further behind ESL counterparts. They depended on almost uniform sets of easy-to-read narratives embodying simpler grammatical features and high-frequency words, and thus needed extension with relatively elaborate ones to accommodate mixed-abilities. Gender disparities were institutionalised through male overrepresentation in hero-making, negative stereotyping, familial and occupational identification, and engagement in monetary and mobility activities, but occasionally ameliorated, in the ESL case, by reversing conventionally-gendered domestic, technical and intellectual skills in texts and illustrations. The widest gap was observed in cultural representations because TSL materials, written from a tourist’s perspective, focused on imposing superficial knowledge of target-culture elements, and ESL materials on ensuring relevance through greater use of elements from diverse cultures. Therefore, egalitarian representations in gendered and cultural contents are required for their rehabilitation.
Factors Obstructing English Teaching Effectiveness: Teacher Voices from Thailand’s Deep South
Authors: Assalihee Muhammadafeefee , Boonsuk Yusop
Published: May 2022

Administering English language teaching (ELT) in rural settings of the three southern border provinces has been challenging for both teachers and learners due to two decades of political unrest, eruptions of violence, fears, and insecurity. To enhance ELT, this study aimed to investigate factors affecting the ineffectiveness of ELT in these three educational environments and introduce a new lens of contextualized English instructions for learners in schools located in Southernmost Thailand, where learners live amid linguistic and cultural diversity. In this qualitative study, data were collected from teachers operating in two schools of each province (totaling six institutions) by semi-structured interviews and analyzed by content analysis. Findings revealed that five primary factors deteriorating English language learning efficiency in the three southern border provinces were Implementation of Broad-Spectrum ELT Policies; Insufficient Teaching Integrations with Islamization; Inadequate Awareness of the Significance of English; Inconsistencies between ELT Textbooks and the Sociolinguistic Reality of English; and Impractical Classroom Arrangement. The findings could be beneficial if they are further utilized by the Ministry of Education in establishing policies for ELT in specific contexts as well as school administrators and teachers in formulating instructional approaches, managing learning resources, and arranging classrooms based on local needs and identities. Although this study has a specific spatial scope, which is the three southern border provinces of Thailand, its findings can be adapted for a broader application as a part of the global perspective and a clue to solve language learning problems across ELT communities encountering a similar challenge.
Mobile Learning for Malay Language among Foreign Workers: A Preliminary Study
Authors: Osman Nur Izzah binti , Abdul Rabu Siti Nazleen binti
Published: May 2022

This study aims to understand the learning process and language acquisition of Communicative Malay Language (CML) among foreign workers in Malaysia. A total of 10 foreign workers who were randomly selected in Kuala Lumpur and volunteered to participate were interviewed individually. The interviews were recorded, transcribed, translated and interpreted to enable the researcher to conduct content analysis. The analysis revealed that most of the respondents were not adequately supplied with general knowledge about the country, and especially the language, when they arrived in Malaysia for the first time. Although only half of them specifically reported the utilization of mobile applications in learning CML, all of the respondents were aware of mobile applications in general and agreed that this would be a good instrument to help them learn the language, especially the listening aspect.
Online Assessment in the Digital Era: Moroccan EFL University Students’ Experiences, Perceptions and Challenges
Authors: Menyani Nourreddine , Boumehdi Ahlame , El Jaadi Oumaima
Published: May 2022

After the scientific consensus on the proliferation of COVID-19, a lethal virus, educational institutions worldwide have swiftly migrated to online learning. This upheaval has propelled online evaluation and assessment to be the norm during this period. The principal objective of the study and research is to explore students’ experience with online emergency learning as well as online evaluation. This paper also investigates how Moroccan English as a foreign language (EFL) university learners perceive online assessment in comparison to face-to-face assessment. Data were collected from a sample of 93 Moroccan EFL university students using a self-designed questionnaire. The findings of this research revealed that the students experienced technical issues while submitting their exams. They have also expressed their disappointment with the lack of feedback provided by their professors, not to mention their constant worry about academic honesty. This has led them to lose interest in their studies and possess doubts about reliving this dissatisfactory experience. Therefore, the results implied that participants perceive online assessment as an insignificant factor for performance improvement. This unprecedented experience has had an unadulterated negative impact on students as it has left them both dissatisfied with their experience regarding distance learning and apprehensive about their future educational experiences. It is, then, recommended that the notion of online assessment should be given much attention in higher education in the Moroccan context.
The acceptance of financial robo-advisors among investors: The emerging market study
Authors: Kraiwanit Tanpat , Jangjarat Kris , Atcharanuwat Jarturon
Published: May 2022

Robo-advisory services are a relatively new concept in the financial world. However, Epperson, Hedges, Singh, and Gabel (2015) report that many investors are extremely interested in employing robo-advisors to manage their finances. Nowadays, robo-advisers develop profiles of investors using very basic surveys to determine their investing preferences. The advantage of robo-advisory is that it charges far less than traditional private bankers (PB) since robo advisors do not require additional labour (Cho, 2019). Having considered the utility of such services, this research aims to examine the acceptance of financial robo-advisors. The findings indicate that average monthly income, value invested in financial instruments, and investment knowledge affect an acceptance of financial robo-advisors as regards their effects on profits, careers in finance, and the overall economic system, and vice versa. The drawback of the study is that the results demonstrate the relationship between independent and dependent variables without delving into each variable in detail. Thus, qualitative research may be necessary for addition to quantitative one to go further into the details. The paper suggests that providing information about robo-advisors for investors can enhance the understanding of robo-advisors leading to the increasing use of robo-advisors in Thailand.
Novel Multiple Sclerosis Agents-Associated Cardiotoxicity: A Real-World Pharmacovigilance Study
Authors: Al-yafeai Zaki , Gonzalez Alexander Carvajal , Abduljabar Hamzah , Arvas Muhammed , Patel Shaan , Patel Neev
Published: May 2022

Background: Emerging novel therapeutics have been developed to hamper
the progression of multiple sclerosis. However, the adverse events
related to these new agents remain largely unknown. Therefore, we sought
to investigate the cardiovascular complications of these drugs. Methods:
Utilizing data from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration Adverse Events
Reporting System, we comprehensively evaluated the cardiovascular
complications of the newly FDA approved anti-multiple sclerosis agents.
Disproportionality signal analysis was conducted by measuring reporting
odds ratio (ROR) with 95% confidence interval of all the cardiovascular
adverse events adverse events since approval till 2021. Results: After
vetting the newly approved agents for multiple sclerosis, CD20 and CD25
inhibitors and sphingosine-1-phosphate receptors agonists were the
latest approved medications for multiple sclerosis since 2015. Two CD20
(ocrelizumab, ofatumumab) and one CD25 inhibitors (daclizumab) were
significantly associated with multiple cardiovascular adverse events.
Among all the cardiotoxic events; coronary artery disease, cardiac
failure and atrial fibrillation were the most predominant among CD20 or
CD25 blockers. Interestingly, Sphingosine-1-phosphate receptors agonists
showed much fewer reported cardiac adverse events. However, fingolimod
and siponimod were associated with significant bradycardia. Conclusions:
Our data revealed the new agents prescribed for multiple sclerosis have
cardiotoxic effects, including not only the known adverse effects
observed effects for S1P receptor modulators but also undefined
cardiovascular complications associated with CD20 and CD25 inhibitors.
These findings potentially instigate further studies to personalize
prescribing these agents for multiple sclerosis based on patient’s
cardiovascular profile.
A case report of a Brain herniation secondary to cryptococcal meningitis with elevated intracranial pressure in a patient with Human Immunodeficiency Virus/Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome ( HIV/AIDS).
Authors: Guevara Nehemias , Akande Abdrasheed , Flores Mailing , Atallah Jane , Epstein Carol
Published: May 2022

Cryptococcal meningitis is a major opportunistic infection in
individuals with HIV. 36-year-old male with a past medical history of
AIDSpresented with altered mental status, lumbar puncture performed
showed elevated CSF opening pressure of 29 cmH2O and positive CSF and
serum cryptococcal antigen, developed seizure, and posterior brain
herniation.
Why does speleothem δ 18 O differ from groundwater δ 18 O in the late Pleistocene? Insight from modern precipitation with their recharge dynamics in the northern margin of the East Asian summer monsoon region
Authors: Li Jie , Tian Lijun , Bai Guoying , Zhao Hongyi
Published: May 2022

Both δ O in groundwater and speleothem are inherited
from precipitation δ O, however, stalagmite δ
O and groundwater δ O do not
simultaneously agree with each other in the monsoon regions, especially
in the late Pleistocene. The reason remains unclear due to the complex
stable isotope systematics in the monsoon affected regions with their
controlling factors as well as the possible different recharge dynamics
of groundwater and drip water. In this study, we have collected 539
daily precipitation samples throughout 2015 from seven monitoring
stations in Beijing, in the northern margin of the East Asian summer
monsoon region. Stable isotopes (δ O and δ
H) of these precipitation samples are investigated
for the controlling factors of precipitation isotopes, e.g., moisture
source, temperature (T), and precipitation amount (P) effects. The δ
O values in the precipitation decrease from the
south to the northwest, which is controlled by the monsoon from the
south and continental moisture from the northwest. Consistently, the
precipitation exhibits an apparent seasonal variation in δ
O values. The P effect is significant during the
monsoon season, especially when the precipitation events are greater
than 5 mm and single moisture source is considered. In contrast, the T
effect is significant, with a gradient of 0.4‰ per °C during the
non-monsoon season. A Rayleigh distillation model indicates that the
moisture source and residual vapor fraction are the two most important
factors controlling the δ O precipitation patterns
in a monsoon region, independent of temperature. Isotopes in groundwater
in the late Pleistocene exhibit a significant T effect, implying that
the monsoon might not reach Beijing when the groundwater was formed at
that time. Furthermore, we highlighted the different recharge mechanisms
of groundwater and drip water: lateral flow and direct vertical
infiltration make diverse contributions of non-monsoon precipitations to
the groundwater and drip water respectively, resulting in that
speleothem δ O differ from groundwater δ
O in the late Pleistocene.
Preferences for deinfibulation (opening) surgery and female genital mutilation service provision: a UK qualitative study
Authors: Jones Laura , Costello Benjamin , Danks Emma , Jolly Kate , Cross-Sudworth Fiona , Byrne Alison , Fassam-Wright Meg , Latthe Pallavi , Clarke Joanne , Abdi Ayan , Abdi Hodo , Abdi Hibaq , Taylor Julie
Published: May 2022

Objective: To explore the views of female genital mutilation (FGM)
survivors, men, and healthcare professionals (HCPs) on the timing of
deinfibulation surgery and NHS service provision. Design: Qualitative
study informed by the sound of silence framework. Setting: Survivors and
men were recruited from three FGM prevalent areas of England. HCPs and
stakeholders were from across the UK. Sample: 44 survivors, 13 men and
44 HCPs. 10 participants at two community workshops and 30 stakeholders
at a national workshop. Methods: Hybrid framework analysis of 101
interviews and three workshops. Results: There was no consensus across
groups on the optimal timing of deinfibulation for survivors who wished
to be deinfibulated. Within group, survivors expressed a preference for
deinfibulation pre-pregnancy and HCPs antenatal deinfibulation. There
was no consensus for men. Participants reported that deinfibulation
should take place in a hospital setting and be undertaken by a suitable
HCP. Decision making around deinfibulation was complex but for those who
underwent surgery it helped to mitigate FGM impacts. Whilst there were
examples of good practice, in general, FGM service provision was
sub-optimal. Conclusion: Deinfibulation services need to be widely
advertised. Information should highlight that the procedure can be
carried out at different time points, according to preference, and in a
hospital by suitable HCPs. Future services should ideally be developed
with survivors, to ensure that they are clinically and culturally
appropriate. Guidelines would benefit from being updated to reflect the
needs of survivors and to ensure consistency in provision. Study
registration number ISRCTN 14710507
Numerical study on stability of composite cutter bar milling system in rotating coordinate frame
Authors: Zhang Yuhuan , Ren Yongsheng , Zhang Jinfeng
Published: May 2022

This paper studies chatter stability of composite cutter bar milling
system in rotating coordinate frame. Based on the structural dynamic
equation and regenerative milling force model of composite cutter bar in
rotating coordinate frame, the continuous distributed chatter analysis
model of composite cutter bar milling system is established. The
stability of milling system with a rotary symmetric dynamic cutter bar
is predicted by using the semi-discrete time domain method. Influences
including internal damping, external damping, symmetrical and asymmetric
laminates on the stability of milling system are analyzed, and the
results obtained in rotating and fixed coordinate frame are compared. It
is shown that the results are consistent for symmetrical cutter bar
either in the rotating coordinate frame or in the fixed coordinate
frame. A new chatter instability zone appears at high rotating speeds
due to material internal damping of the rotating composite cutter bar.
Cardioneuroablation: don’t underestimate the posteromedial left atrial ganglionated plexus.
Authors: Ascione Ciro , Benabou Léa , Balbo Conrado , Kamakura Tsukasa , Takagi Takamitsu , Krisai Philipp , Tixier Romain , Marchand Hugo , Bouyer Benjamin , André Clémentine , Chauvel Remi , Cheniti Ghassen , Pambrun Thomas , Derval Nicolas , Sacher Frederic , Hocini Mélèze , Tondo Claudio , Jais Pierre , Haissaguerre Michel , Duchateau Josselin
Published: May 2022

Introduction Cardioneuroablation (CNA) is a technique used to modulate
cardiac parasympathetic tone in patients with sino-atrial (SA) and
atrio-ventricular (AV) vagally mediated syncope. We describe the case of
a patient who developed AV block after a first procedure of CNA,
requiring a second procedure. Case presentation A 47-Year-old man
presented with recurrent syncope (daily episodes) associated with high
vagal tone conditions. An ECG monitoring showed frequent episodes of
sinus bradycardia and sinus arrest, with pauses up to 17 seconds. AV
node conduction impairment was never identified. A CNA procedure
targeting the right superior and posterior ganglionated plexi (GPs),
both from the left and right atrium, was performed with acute success.
The subsequent night, repetitive episodes of AV block with normal sinus
rate were observed. A second procedure was performed targeting the
posteromedial left GP. Follow-up at 4 months showed no recurrent
syncopal event and no bradyarrhythmia episode on the implantable loop
recorder. Conclusion This case report demonstrates that ablation limited
to the right superior and posterior GPs may not be enough for
neurocardiogenic syncope and a more systematic approach, extending the
ablation to the posteromedial left GP, should be considered.
Direct growth of hierarchically Ni3S2 nanostructures on nickel foam for enhanced hydrogen evolution reaction
Authors: Zhong Xiaokang , Ali Mure , Wang Xiuting , Lu Wanxin , Peng Yingjie , Yong Kangle , Feng Delong , Zhou Yun , Xu Jie
Published: May 2022

Hydrogen is not only a promising energy, but also widely used in
inflammation treatment and sports training. The key to these
applications is to obtain purity hydrogen conveniently. Water
electrolysis provides a green and sustainable method for hydrogen
production, but the urgent problem is to develop low-cost and efficient
electrocatalysts. In this work, hierarchically porous
NiS nanostructures, which the
flocculent two-dimensional NiS is
coated on the surface of NiS
nanosheets, were successfully grown on nickel foam through a facile
two-step hydrothermal reaction. The hierarchically porous
NiS nanostructures has a large
specific surface area can expose more active sites and facilitates
desorption of bubbles. Moreover, the theoretical calculation indicated
that the dimensional confinement effect of metallic
NiS improves the carrier concentration
and conductivity. Therefore, the hierarchically porous
NiS nanostructures on nickel foam
exhibited enhanced hydrogen evolution reaction and good catalytic
stability. This work sheds some light on improving the catalytic
performance of metallic compounds.
LRP6 modulates the phosphorylation of Cx43 via Gαs in ventricular tachycardia of myocardial infarction
Authors: Zhang Xu-Min , Liu Ya-Ling , Cai Ying , Hao Ying , Kang Sheng
Published: May 2022

Background Ventricular tachycardia (VT) and ventricular fibrillation are
the most causes of early death in patients with myocardial infarction
(MI). This study was aimed to explore whether LRP6 and its upstream
genes circRNA1615 and miR-152-3p modulated the phosphorylation of
Connexin-43 (Cx43) via Gαs in VT of MI. Method we constructed the
hypoxia cardiomyocyte model and AMI mice, and explored the modulation
relationship of LRP6 and its upstream genes circRNA1615 and miR-152-3p.
In addition, the immunoblot analysis with monoclonal and polyclonal
antibodies were used to detect whether LRP6 and Cx43 were
phosphorylated, further investigated that the LRP6 regulated the
phosphorylation of its downstream target Cx43 via G-protein alpha
subunit Gαs by using cell transfection, FISH assay, HE staining, RTqPCR,
and Western blot techniques. Result LRP6 mRNA expression was
significantly reduced in AMI group compared with the control group.
Hypoxia could inhibit the protein and phosphorylation levels of LRP6 and
Cx43. The expression of circRNA1615 in AMI mice was significantly
decreased, but overexpression of circRNA1615 significantly reversed the
inhibitory effect of AMI. Also overexpression of circRNA1615 could
weaken the effect of miR-152-3p mimic, and the miR-152-3p mimic
increased the hypoxia injury of LRP6 and Cx43, further LRP6 interference
fragments could aggravate hypoxia injury of Cx43. The overexpression of
LRP6 could significantly increase the protein level and phosphorylation
level of Cx43, but the interference with LRP6 showed the opposite trend.
Noticeably, the interference with Gαs weakened the protein and
phosphorylation levels of Cx43, however, the interference with LRP6 and
Gαs further inhibited the protein and phosphorylation levels of Cx43.
Finally, the transcriptions of circRNA1615 and LRP6 were inhibited in
AMI, but the transcription of miR-152-3p was promoted, and the
overexpression of circRNA1615 could weaken the damage effect and VT of
AMI. Conclusion LRP6 and its upstream genes circRNA1615 and miR-152-3p
modulated the phosphorylation of Cx43 via Gαs in VT of MI.
Stationary States of Hydrogen-Producing Reactions in Nonequilibrium Plasma
Authors: Chen Xiaoshuang , Thimsen Elijah
Published: May 2022

In this work, stationary states in nonequilibrium plasmas of chemical
reactions that can produce hydrogen are explored, namely the water
splitting and water gas shift reactions. For both reactions, the
effluent from the reactor at long gas residence times in the plasma was
found to be independent of the influent speciation. In other words,
feeding the reactor either 0.1 H2O or 0.1H2+0.05O2 by mole produced the
same effluent composition, and similarly, feeding the reactor
0.1CO+0.1H2O produced nominally the same effluent as 0.1CO2+0.1H2. For
both reactions, the effluent from the plasma was found to be very far
from local equilibrium at the total pressure and background temperature
of the reactor. An important conclusion of this work is that special
attention must be paid to the recombination zone in plasma chemical
processes. The recombination zone tends to drive the gas composition
from plasma stationary states back towards local equilibrium.
Avaliação de custo minimização dos processos de aquisição do exame de hemograma no laboratório central de Salvador-Bahia
Authors: Silva Naize Nara , Rosim Mariana
Published: May 2022

Este trabalho teve como objetivo comparar a Licitação modalidade de Registro de Preços e Locação de máquinas com o fornecimento de insumos para a aquisição do exame de hemograma no Laboratório Central de Salvador-Bahia, por meio de uma análise de custo minimização. Para a realização dessa pesquisa foram considerados os dados referentes aos processos e registros documentais da Comissão Permanente de Licitação – órgão responsável pelos processos licitatórios finalizados pela Secretaria Municipal de Saúde. Foram elencados custos diretos, custos indiretos e custos intangíveis relativos aos processos. O estudo realizado sugere que os processos licitatórios realizados na modalidade Registro de preços conferem maior custo em relação a locação de máquinas, entretanto se faz necessário a aplicação de avaliação normativa e medição dos recursos aplicados nas aquisições aos resultados obtidos através de índices previamente parametrizados a fim de que, conforme requer este tipo de contrato, haja uma rigorosa avaliação na escolha da continuidade do serviço prestado, de modo a gerar economicidade dos recursos.
Supporting the Regulation of Medicines in Mongolia: Experiences, Lessons Learned, and Future Directions
Authors: Jigjidsuren Altantuya , Oyun Bayar
Published: May 2022

This paper describes the pharmaceutical sector in Mongolia and its reforms, including the results achieved, the challenges that remain, lessons learned, and future directions for ADB support. Before the 1990s, Mongolia’s pharmaceutical sector was fully owned and strictly regulated by the state. In the early 1990s, the Government of Mongolia started initial socioeconomic reforms as part of a transition to a market economy. This led to the full privatization and liberalization of the pharmaceutical sector, which created challenges that needed further reforms. The government requested ADB to support these reforms.
Study on hydrodynamic characteristics of swirl burner based on CFD
Authors: Wu Xiaomin , Jia Li
Published: May 2022

The numerical simulation method is mostly used to analyze the gas-solid
two-phase hydrodynamics of swirl burner, ignoring the simulation of boundary
conditions of swirl burner, resulting in poor simulation effect. To solve
this problem, a CFD based study on the hydrodynamic characteristics of swirl
burner is proposed. The physical model of swirl burner is constructed by
using FLUENT software. The particle concentration of the burner is
calculated, and the Lagrange motion function of gas-solid two-phase flow is
established to obtain the boundary conditions of the swirling burner and
simulate the gas-solid two-phase flow. The motion equation of swirl burner
is constructed, the dynamic characteristics are analyzed, and the dynamic
equation is derived. The experimental results show that the swirl burner has
less response and better performance under the impact of rolling direction.
Precision and accuracy assessment of single and multicamera three-dimensional photogrammetry compared with direct anthropometry
Authors: Staller Sable , Anigbo Justina , Stewart Kelton , Dutra Vinicius , Turkkahraman Hakan
Published: May 2022

Objectives

To assess the precision and accuracy of single-camera photogrammetry (SCP) and multicamera photogrammetry (MCP) compared with direct anthropometry (DA).

Materials and Methods

A total of 30 participants were recruited, and 17 soft tissue landmarks were identified and used to complete a total of 16 measurements. Using SCP and MCP, two three-dimensional (3D) images were acquired from each participant. All 3D measurements and direct measurements were measured twice by the same operator to assess intraexaminer repeatability. Intraclass coefficients (ICCs) were used to evaluate intraexaminer repeatability and interexaminer agreement of the methods. Nonparametric bootstrap analyses were used to compare the means of the measurements among the three methods.

Results

All three methods showed excellent intraexaminer repeatability (ICCs > 0.90), except interpupillary distance (ICC = 0.86) measured by SCP. Both SCP and MCP showed excellent interexaminer agreement (ICCs > 0.90), except interpupillary distance (ICC = 0.79), left gonion-pogonion (ICC = 0.74), and columella-subnasale-labrale superior angle (ICC = 0.86) measured by SCP. Overall, there was good agreement between methods, except for columella-subnasale-labrale superior angle (ICC = 0.40) between SCP and MCP.

Conclusions

Both SCP and MCP techniques were found to be reliable and valid options for 3D facial imaging. SCP produced slightly larger mean values for several measurements, but the differences were within a clinically acceptable range. Because of the larger margin of errors, measurements including the gonial area and subnasale should be assessed with caution.
Two residues (-18β and β57) in the HLA-DQ heterodimer were critically associated with progression from islet autoimmunity to diabetes in the DPT-1 trial.
Authors: Zhao Lue Ping , Skyler Jay , Papadopoulos George K. , Pugliese Alberto , Najera James Antonio , Bondinas George P. , Moustakas Antonis K. , Wang Ruihan , Pyo Chul-Woo , Nelson Wyatt C. , Geraghty Daniel E. , Lernmark Åke
Published: May 2022

Objective The purpose was to test the hypothesis that
HLA DQab heterodimer structure was related to the
progression of islet autoimmunity from asymptomatic to symptomatic type 1
diabetes (T1D).

Research design and methods Next generation targeted sequencing was used to genotype HLA DQA1-B1 class II genes in 670
subjects in the Diabetes Prevention Trial-1 (DPT-1) study. Coding sequences
were translanted into DQ a and b chain amino acid residues and used in hierarchically-organized
haplotype (HOH) association analysis to identify motifs associated with
diabetes onset.

Results The opposite
diabetes risks were confirmed for HLA
DQA1*03:01-B1*03:02 (HR=1.36, p=2.01*10-3 ) and DQA1*03:03-B1*03:01
(HR = 0.62, p = 0.037). The HOH analysis uncovered residue -18β in the
signal peptide and β57 in the b chain to
form six motifs. DQ*VA was associated
with faster (HR = 1.49, p = 6.36*10-4) and DQ*AD with slower
(HR=0.64, p= 0.020) progression to diabetes onset. VA/VA, representing DQA1*03:01-B1*03:02 (DQ8/8), subjects had
greater hazard ratio (HR = 1.98, p = 2.80*10-3). The DQ*VA motif was
associated with both islet cell antibodies (ICA) (p = 0.023) and insulin
autoantibodies (IAA)(p = 3.34*10-3 ), while the DQ*AD motif was associated
with a decreased IAA frequency (p = 0.015). DQ*VA and DQ*AD subjects experienced,
respectively, increasing and decreasing trends of HbA1c levels throughout the
follow-up.

Conclusions HLA DQ structural motifs appear to
modulate progression from islet autoimmunity to diabetes among at-risk
relatives with islet autoantibodies. Residue -18β within the signal peptide may
relate to levels of protein synthesis and β57 to stability of the DQ
trimolecular complex.
Rancang Bangun Prototipe Detektor Gangguan Listrik Berbiaya Rendah Berbasis IP pada Kampus Institut Teknologi Sumatera
Authors: Saputra Efa Maydhona , Ramadhani Uri Arta
Published: May 2022

The ITERA electrical faults cannot be handled quickly by electricians due to the absence of a qualified monitoring system. It is also not possible to purchase a monitoring system with institutional scale because of the high price. Therefore, a low-cost electrical fault detector is designed with current sensor SCT013-000 as main device and communicates over an IP-based network. This detector is integrated with an electrical network information system that can be monitored via a web-browser. The system designed has succeeded in providing information on electrical disturbances with an average delay of 6 seconds and a maximum of 64 seconds when the detector loses its electricity supply. The price for a set of detectors with 2 sensors is around Rp. 249,500, it is relatively cheaper than similar products on the market.
ANALYSIS OF THE INFLUENCE OF STAR DELTA SYSTEM IN REDUCE ELECTRIC STARTING SURGE IN 3 PHASE MOTORS
Authors: Hardine Linkha , Dian Budhi Santoso  , Ridwan Satrio Hadikusuma
Published: May 2022

Operations in the industry today use induction motors. There are several types of induction motors, one of which is a 3-phase induction motor. In the use of a 3-phase induction motor, there are several problems at the beginning, one of which is that there is a current surge in the starting received by the windings or rotor of a 3-phase induction motor which will cause damage to the motor windings. In previous research, research has been carried out to reduce electric starting spikes in 3 phase motors by lowering the frequency in a study entitled "Adjusting the Speed ​​of a 3 Phase Induction Motor by Changing the Frequency Using the ALTIVAR 12P Inverter" it was found that the frequency of the regulated voltage was low and stable to minimize inrush current in 3-phase motor starting. Therefore, research was conducted on a system that can reduce these problems, namely the use of a star-delta system on a 3-phase motor to reduce electrical starting spikes in a 3-phase motor. In this study, the electric current value was 0.59 A, the star-circuit voltage value was 219.65 V, and the short-circuit current value was 1.01 A.
PENGARUH LETAK BEBAN TERHADAP GAYA PRATEGANG TIPE SEGITIGA PADA MODEL JEMBATAN RANGKA BAJA
Authors: P. Budio Sugeng , Bakhtiar M Idris
Published: May 2022

Upaya untuk meningkatkan pelayanan atau umur layan jembatan terutama untuk jembatan rangka, seiring bertambahnya volume kendaraan dapat menggunakan kabel prategang yang bertujuan untuk menambah kekakuan dan kekuatan jembatan tanpa harus mengubah struktur jembatan rangka itu sendiri. Pada penelitian ini, digunakan prategang tipe segitiga dengan model jembatan rangka baja semi parabol jenis N terbalik. Jembatan rangka masih dalam kondisi elastis pada saat pengujian dilakukan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perilaku lendutan model jembatan rangka prategang akibat variasi letak beban yang diberikan dan untuk mengetahui besarnya gaya prategang optimal bila dibandingkan dengan beban yang bekerja pada model jembatan rangka akibat penggunaan kabel prategang tipe segitiga. Pemberian gaya prategang tipe segitiga dalam berbagai variasi letak beban menghasilkan perbandingan prosentase penurunan lendutan yang terjadi antara 23.677% - 56.391%. Sehingga secara keseluruhan, lendutan yang terjadi pada jembatan yang sudah diberi prategang lebih kecil dibandingkan dengan jembatan yang tidak diberi prategang. Gaya prategang optimal yang terjadi sebesar 686,490 kg, ketika beban terletak di titik E dengan lendutan jembatan rangka yang terjadi sebesar 65,113% dan tegangan batang yang terjadi sebesar -77,396 kg/cm2.
SIFAT-SIFAT FISIK ABU TERBANG MERAPI
Authors: Lulie Yohannes
Published: May 2022

Material letusan Gunung Merapi mengandung bermacam unsur mekanis maupun fisik. Fraksi ukuran material yang dikeluarkan juga berbeda. Salah satu fraksinya seperti abu terbang. Lokasi material abu terbang diambil dari Dusun Kentungan, Condong Catur, Depok, Sleman, DIY; berjarak 21,4 km dari Gunung Merapi. Hasil penelian pada kondisi lapangan endapan abu terbang mempunyai kadar air sebesar 21,320%, berat jenis 2,652. Berat unit basah 1,663 gr/cm3 dan berat unit kering 1,444 gr/cm3, termasuk kelompok loose uniform sand. Butiran abu terbang tertahan saring No.200 fraksi sand 38,7%. Lolos saringan No.200 fraksi silt 61,3%. Atterberg limit meng- informasikan nilai liquid limit 24,74%; plastic limit 20,40%; shrinkage limit 28,69% dan plasticity index 4,34% termasuk slightly plastic, shrinkage ratio SR 1,5 termasuk good soil type. Sesuai AASHTO classification system of Highway Subgrade materials abu terbang tersebut dalam group classification A-4 dan silty soils. Berdasarkan chart hubungan plasticity index dan liquid limit abu terbang termasuk Inorganic silts of low compressibility. Hasil pengujian direct shear test dan unconfined compression test menginformasikan abu terbang termasuk jenis gabungan silts and loose sand. Effective friction angle Ã˜ 25,9Â°~35Â°. Dari hasil pengujian pemadatan optimum moisture content OMC 21,46% dan maximum dry density MDD 1,517 gr/cm3. Satu hal yang penting, setiap studi lanjutan pemanfaatan abu terbang yang terkait dengan sifat-sifat fisik perlu diselidiki lagi karena sifat-sifat fisik akan berubah tergantung sebaran jarak abu Gunung Merapi.
INDIKATOR KEBERHASILAN PROYEK PEMBANGUNAN BANGUNAN GEDUNG YANG DIPENGARUHI FAKTOR INTERNAL SITE MANAGER
Authors: Herni Setiawan Theresita , Ariadi Tomi
Published: May 2022

Perkembangan sektor industri konstruksi tidak lepas dari peran serta perusahaan konstruksi dalam pembangunan di Indonesia yang ditentukan oleh sumberdaya yang terlibat di dalam-nya.Dalam penelitian terdahulu dikatakan pula bahwa faktor internal pekerja memberi pengaruh terhadap tingkat produktivitas total pekerjaan sehingga dapat menyebabkan terjadinya keterlambatan penyelesaian pekerjaan, penurunan mutu hasil pekerjaan, pembengkakan biaya pekerjaan, dan meningkatnya kecelakaan kerja. Dari uraian di atas hal menarik untuk dianalisis lebih lanjut yaitu melakukan peringkat dari indikator keberhasilan proyek yang dipengaruhi faktor internal site manager yang melaksanakan proyek pembangunan bangunan gedung sederhana milik pemerintah.Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan mengumpulkan 21 responden site manager pada proyek pembangunan bangunan gedung sederhana milik Pemerintah Kota Payakumbuh yang dilaksanakan pada tahun 2009 dan 2010. Analisis dan pembahasan yang didapat dalam penelitian ini adalah dari urutan peringkat indikator keberhasilan proyek diketahui bahwa biaya pelaksanaan pekerjaan merupakan indikator paling dominan yang dipengaruhi faktor internal site manager. Diharapkan site manager dapat mengembangkan potensi faktor internalnya untuk meningkatkan produktivitas total yang dimilikinya yang kelak memberikan kontribusi lebih baik pada keberhasilan proyek dari segi kualitas hasil pekerjaan, waktu pelaksanaan pekerjaan, dan keselamatan kerja yang lebih menjamin.
STUDI KUAT TEKAN KOLOM BAJA PROFIL C GANDA DENGAN PENGAKU PELAT ARAH LATERAL
Authors: Haryanto Yoso Wigroho Aditya Kurnia
Published: May 2022

Baja merupakan salah satu alternatif bahan bangunan yang banyak digunakan di dalam konstruksi.  Pemakaian baja sebagai bahan bangunan utama mempunyai beberapa kelebihan, yaitu keseragaman  bahan  dan  sifat-sifatnya  yang  dapat  diduga  secara  cukup  tepat,  kestabilan dimensionalnya, kemudahan pembuatan dan cepatnya pelaksanaanya.  Selama ini baja profil yang sering digunakan dalam konstruksi bangunan seperti kolom, balok dan gelagar jembatan adalah profil WF (wide flange) maka pada penelitian ini dicoba membuat kolom menggunakan baja profil C yang selama ini hanya digunakan untuk keperluan konstruksi ringan seperti gording dan rangka atap. Penelitian ini menggunakan profil C yang dirangkai ganda sebagai kolom dengan diberi pengaku baja pelat arah lateral.   Panjang kolom baja profil C ganda adalah 1000 mm sebagai kolom pendek dan 3500 mm sebagai kolom panjang.  Dimensi profil C yang digunakan  lebar (b) 35,8 mm, tinggi (h) 68,6 mm, dan tebal (t) 1,9 mm. Benda uji berupa kolom baja profil C ganda sebanyak 8 buah dengan variasi pengaku yang berbeda-beda yaitu 100 mm, 150 mm, dan  200 mm dan 250 mm.  Kolom baja profil C ganda  tersebut akan ditinjau kekuatan menahan beban sentris pada  pusat  sumbu  kolom.  Pembacaan  lendutan  hingga  profil  tersebut  mengalami  beban maksimum. Hasil penelitian yang diperoleh pada kolom baja profil C dari hasil pengujian beban maksimum, kolom pendek profil C ganda mampu menahan beban rata-rata sebesar 5399,46 kg sedangkan pada kolom panjang profil C ganda mampu menahan beban rata-rata sebesar 3199,68 kg.   Defleksi maksimum kolom pendek yang terjadi adalah; pada kolom dengan jarak pengaku lateral 250 mm yaitu sebesar 6,12 mm, pada jarak pengaku lateral 100 mm, 150 mm dan 200 mm berturut-turut sebesar 2,86 mm, 2,63 mm, dan 2,36 mm.  Defleksi maksimum kolom panjang yang terjadi adalah; pada kolom dengan jarak pengaku lateral 250 mm yaitu sebesar 33,56 mm, pada jarak pengaku lateral 100 mm, 150 mm dan 200 mm berturut-turut sebesar 26,8 mm, 23,02 mm,dan 21,61 mm.
KONSEP PENGELOLAAN SUMBER DAYA AIR BERKELANJUTAN
Authors: Suprapto Mamok
Published: May 2022

Pengelolaan Sumberdaya Air pada daerah irigasi, didasarkan pada debit andalan dengan faktor-K sebagai tolok ukur keberhasilannya. Adanya perubahan iklim, banyak daerah irigasi sering mengalami kekeringan dan gagal panen. Keraguan terhadap efektivitas penggunanan faktor- K dalam pengelolaan sumberdaya air, memberikan inspirasi perlunya kajian terhadap pemakaian ambang batas pengelolaan. Penelitian ini menggunakan indeks keandalan (Ia) dan indeks kelentingan (Ik) dalam pengelolaan daerah irigasi Notog, daerah aliran sungai Pemali. Terdapatnya sifat alami aliran mengisyaratkan bahwa tiap daerah irigasi memiliki ambang batas berbeda. Konsep telah diuji-cobakan pada daerah irigasi Notog, dengan ketetapan awal nilai Ia ≥ 0,75 dan Ik ≥ 0,5. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa nilai Ia ≥ 0,75 dapat dicapai, tetapi nilai Ik ≥ 0,5 sulit. Keadaan ini selaras dengan fenomena kekeringan yang sering dialami oleh daerah irigasi Notog. Hasil penelitian membuktikan bahwa faktor-K semata, tidak dapat menjamin hasil panen yang baik.
PENELITIAN EKSPERIMENTAL KUAT LELEH LENTUR (Fyb) BAUT
Authors: Johannes Adhijoso Tjondro Yosafat Aji Pranata Bambang Suryoatmono
Published: May 2022

Baut adalah suatu batang silinder atau tabung dengan alur heliks pada permukaannya, dengan penggunaan utamanya adalah sebagai pengikat (fastener) untuk menahan dua atau lebih obyek bersama. Salah satu manfaat penting baut berkaitan dengan perencanaan struktur bangunan gedung dan jembatan, khususnya struktur dengan bahan material kayu, yaitu sebagai alat sambung mekanik. Salah satu parameter sifat mekanis yang digunakan dalam perencanaan sambungan yaitu kuat leleh lentur (Fyb). Dalam peraturan kayu Amerika Serikat NDS 2012 telah tersedia persamaan untuk memprediksi besarnya Fyb, sedangkan dalam draft peraturan kayu Indonesia terbaru (RSNI 201x) belum tersedia panduan untuk menentukan besarnya nilai Fyb. Dalam makalah ilmiah ini disampaikan hasil penelitian eksperimental kuat leleh lentur baut, khususnya untuk baut yang ada di pasaran Indonesia. Diameter baut yang dibahas terbatas yaitu 8 mm, 10 mm, dan 12 mm. Total benda uji  yang digunakan sebanyak 16 benda uji. Metode pengujian menggunakan pedoman ASTM F1575 dengan metode three point loading. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai kuat leleh lentur (rata-rata) semakin kecil apabila diameter baut semakin besar, yaitu Fyb  untuk baut 8 mm sebesar 1121,40 MPa dengan C.O.V sebesar 4,23 %, untuk baut 10 mm sebesar 642,19 MPa (C.O.V 4,80 %), dan untuk baut 12 mm sebesar 631,76 MPa (C.O.V 1,24 %). Secara umum, kurva hubungan antara tegangan-regangan hasil uji lentur baut tersebut menunjukkan tren berbentuk bilinier.
IMPLIKASI PENGGUNAAN PETA GEMPA 2010 PADA PERENCANAAN GEDUNG DI KOTA YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Arfiadi Yoyong
Published: May 2022

Dalam tulisan ini dibahas implikasi penggunaan peta gempa 2010 dan peraturan yang baru        pada suatu sistem struktur rangka momen. Gedung yang ditinjau adalah gedung dengan penggunaan normal dan dengan jumlah lantai 4. Sebagai perbandingan dibahas desain gaya geser dasar pada struktur tersebut di Kota Yogyakarta untuk berbagai jenis tanah (klas situs), yaitu untuk tanah lunak, sedang dan keras. Dari hasil analisis diperoleh bahwa untuk gedung bertingkat sedang yang dibangun di atas tanah lunak, nilai gaya geser dasar berdasarkan RSNI 03-1726-201X lebih kecil dari nilai gaya geser yang dihitung berdasarkan SNI 03-1726-2002, walaupun dengan selisih yang tidak terlalu besar. Untuk gedung bertingkat sedang yang dibangun di atas tanah dengan kekerasan sedang, nilai gaya geser dasar dari RSNI 03-1726-201X lebih besar dari gaya geser dasar yang dihitung dengan SNI 03-1726-2002. Rasio gaya geser yang dihitung dengan RSNI 03- 1726-201X terhadap gaya geser yang dihitung dengan SNI 03-1726-2002 dapat mencapai 1,4. Demikian juga untuk gedung bertingkat sedang yang dibangun di atas tanah keras, gaya geser dasar yang dihitung dengan RSNI 03-1726-201X kira-kira 70% lebih besar dari gaya geser dasar yang dihitung dengan SNI 03-1726-2002.  Selain itu gaya geser yang dihitung dengan RSNI 03- 7126-201X pada tanah lunak lebih kecil dari gaya geser pada tanah sedang   dan keras. Hal ini terjadi karena parameter spektral respons percepatan desain pada RSNI 03-1726-201X mempunyai nilai  yang  kecil        untuk  tanah  lunak      dibandingkan dengan  nilai  parameter  spektral  respons percepatan desain pada tanah sedang dan keras, untuk rentang perioda struktur yang ditinjau.
PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN MINYAK PELUMAS BEKAS DAN STYROFOAM PADA BETON ASPAL
Authors: L JF.Soandrijanie
Published: May 2022

Seringnya terjadi kerusakan lapis permukaan jalan berupa retak-retak sebelum masa             layan     berakhir,   menimbulkan    suatu   pemikiran             perlunya                dicarikan                solusi penggunaan bahan tambah pada beton apal yang dapat menurunkan tingkat kekakuan lapis  perkerasan  jalan  tersebut,  sehingga  diperoleh  lapis  permukaan  jalan  yang  lebih fleksibel. Harga bahan tambah yang mahal menimbulkan pemikiran untuk memanfaatkan minyak pelumas bekas (MPB) dan limbah styrofoam bekas pengepakan barang elektronik sebagai  bahan  tambah.  Penambahan  minyak  pelumas  bekas  dan  styrofoam  dalam campuran beton aspal diharapkan dapat meningkatkan fleksibilitas  campuran. Dari hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa penambahan  minyak pelumas bekas dan 0,03% styrofoam pada beton aspal dapat meningkatkan nilai density, Void Fill With Asphalt ( VFWA) dan flow, serta menurunkan  nilai Void In The Mix (VITM), stabilitas, dan Marshall Quotient (QM) dalam campuran. Kadar aspal optimum diperoleh pada campuran 0,03% styrofoam dengan penambahan 5% minyak pelumas bekas yaitu sebesar 6.5% dan pada penambahan 10%  dan  12,5%  yaitu sebesar  7%. Jadi  penambahan  minyak pelumas  bekas  dengan 0,03% styrofoam dapat menurunkan kekakuan dan memperbaiki fleksibilitas campuran, sehingga lapis permukaan jalan tidak mudah mengalami keretakan.
ANALISA PENINGKATAN KEKUATAN TANAH YANG DIPERKUAT SERAT DAN BAHAN STABILISASI PADA SISI KERING DAN SISI BASAH
Authors: Fidal Kasbi Soewignjo Agus Nugroho Gunawan Wibisono
Published: May 2022

Kondisi tanah pesisir Riau cenderung lunak sehingga perlu usaha stabilisasi untuk perbaikan kekuatan. Limbah berupa serat dan abu sawit banyak terdapat di propinsi Riau. Bahan ini pada dasarnya dapat digunakan sebagai bahan stabilisasi. Pengujian dengan campuran semen dan serat sintetis sebagai bahan komersil yang banyak ditemukan untuk peningkatan nilai kekuatan tanah lunak tersebut. Penelitian ini mengkaji kemampuan kombinasi 8 persen abu sawit dan 0,8 persen  serat  sawit.  Sehingga  didapatkan  peningkatan  kekuatan  tanah  tak  terkekang,  dengan melakukan variasi kadar air dari sekitar nilai kadar air optimum (OMC). Penelitian selanjutnya dengan mengkaji peningkatan kekuatan kombinasi bahan komersil 4% semen dan 0,1% serat sintetis hingga 68% dari kekuatan tanah asli dengan variasi kadar air yang identik. Serangkaian pengujian  seperti  uji  tekan  bebas,  proktor  standar,  Atterberg  limit  dan  CBR  laboratorium dilakukan pada beberapa variasi kadar air pada sisi kering serta pada sisi basah untuk kedua kombinasi campuran di atas. Hasil pengujian UCS dan CBR menunjukkan bahwa nilai kuat tekan optimum kombinasi abu sawit dan serat sawit didapatkan pada kadar air OMC. Secara umum pengurangan kadar air (sisi kering) dan penambahan kadar air dari nilai OMC menurunkan kuat tekan tanah. Hasil pengujian UCS pada kombinasi semen dan serat sintetis tidak mengalami peningkatan nilai untuk sisi kering dan sisi basah dimana kekuatan optimum didapatkan pada kadar air OMC, sedangkan pada pengujian CBR juga tidak mengalami peningkatan nilai untuk sisi kering dan sisi basah dimana kekuatan optimum didapatkan pada penambahan dengan kadar air 100%.