bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Social Interaction Skills in English Communication
Authors: Brian. Sebial, , Jovelle M. Reyes, , Rose Nannette J. San Juan, , Lirio Jasmin S. Jose, , Jillian Justine P. Palacio, , Kyla Sophia R. Austria, , Chella Mae P. Derpo, , Crislyn Joyce B. Oliveros, , Vincent Dela Cruz,
Published: April 2024

Aims: The researchers wanted to determine the relationship between social interaction skills in English communication as the researchers noticed that social interaction using the English language is what professionals usually used. They wanted to discover if the HUMSS students are prepared to move up to the next step, which is going to higher education.

Study Design: The design used in this study is Descriptive research.

Place and Duration of Study: Laguna University Senior High School Department.

Methodology: Grade 12 Humanities and Social Sciences students of Laguna University - Senior High School Department consisting forty-two (42) students were the chosen respondents of the researchers.

Results: There is a significant relationship between the students’ English proficiency and social interaction skills as the results showed that most of the respondents fall under upper intermediate on the English proficiency test. In addition to that, English language in social communication is essential as it helps them to socialize with other people resulting in a very satisfactory skill.

Conclusion: There is a significant relationship between the students’ English proficiency and social interaction skills.
Effect of Potassium Humate, Phosphorus and Copper on Onion Quantitative and Qualitative Yield
Authors: Nassar Karam. E. M. , EL-Shaboury Hayam A. , EL-Sonbaty Amany E.
Published: April 2024

Previous research has been limited regarding the combined impacts of copper and potassium humate under various phosphorus fertilization levels on onion crops. So,  a field trials were performed during  two successive winter seasons of 2021 - 2022 and 2022 - 2023 aiming to evaluate three levels of calcium superphosphate (representing 100 %, 75 % and 50 % of the phosphorus recommended dose) as main plot treatments, along with three levels of potassium humate soil addition ( 0.0 %, 1.0 % and 2.0 % ) as sub-plot treatments. Additionally, foliar spraying of copper was carried out at three different rates (0.0 %, 0.1 % and 0.2 %) as sub-subplot treatments. These factors were examined individually or in combination to assess their impact on onion performance, quantitative yield, and qualitative attributes. Firstly, in terms of the individual effect of phosphorus recommended dose (PRD), the application of 100% of PRD demonstrated superior impacts on onion growth performance, quantitative and qualitative yield compared to 75% and 50% of PRD, respectively. Secondly, focusing on the individual effect of soil addition of potassium humate, all parameters related to growth performance, quantitative and qualitative yield, such as bulb weight and diameter, neck diameter, marketable bulb yield, total dissolved solids (TDS), total sugar (%), carbohydrates, and crude protein, exhibited an increase with higher rates of added potassium humate. Thirdly, the values of all parameters studied increased as the rate of copper application increased, indicating a positive correlation between copper application and onion crop performance. Lastly, the combined treatment of 100% of PRD with 2.0% potassium humate and 0.2% copper recorded the highest values across all measured parameters. Additionally, the combined treatment of 75% of PRD with potassium humate at rates of 1.0% or 2.0%, along with copper at rates of 0.1% and 0.2%, outperformed the individual application of 100% PRD in terms of the measured parameters. Therefore, it can be concluded that the combined addition of potassium humate (as soil addition) and Cu (as foliar application) has a vital role in improving the quantitative and qualitative yield of the as well as raising the efficiency of phosphate fertilizers.
Nutritional and Sensory Evaluation of Locally Produced Acha (Digitaria exilis) Flakes Fortified with Bambara Nut and Crayfish
Authors: Anaemene D. , Adifeseso C. , Adesanya F.
Published: April 2024

Aim: To evaluate the nutritional, anti-nutritional and sensory characteristics of Acha flakes, fortified with Bambara nut and crayfish powder.
Methodology: Moistened Acha grains were steamed, oven-dried, milled and sieved to obtain Pregelatinized Acha Flour (PAF). Bambara nut seeds were soaked, dehulled, washed, steamed, dried, milled and sieved as Steamed Bambara nut Flour (SBF). PAF, SBF and crayfish powder were mixed in the ratio of 70:20:10, 60:30:10 and 50:40:10 and baked on foil lined oven tray to produce Flakes A, B and C. Chemical (proximate, minerals, Vitamin A, phytate and tannin) and sensory analysis were undertaken using standard methods. ANOVA was used to detect significant differences.
Results: Protein, ash and carbohydrate contents of products ranged from 16.68 – 17.98%, 2.96-3.12% and 63.89-64.16%, respectively. Flake C had the highest (p<0.05) protein (17.98%) and fat (4.11%) contents while flake A had the lowest (16.68%, 3.75%) values. Calcium (141 mg/100 g) and iron (2.82 mg/100 g) contents were significantly highest in Flake B while Flake C had the highest Vitamin RE (269.86 μgRE) content. All products recorded low phytate (15.25-19.03 mg/100 g) and tannin (5.90-8.65 mg/100 g) values. Addition of Bambara nut (40%) and crayfish (10%) to 50% Acha flour increased the protein and Vitamin A contents by 8% and 10%, respectively. Flake C was rated highest in taste (8.04), flavour (7.80) and overall acceptability (8.40).
Conclusion: Acha based flakes produced from 50% Acha flour fortified with 40% Bambara nut and 10% crayfish was the best in terms of nutritional and sensory attributes. This locally produced breakfast cereal when offered to children may contribute to reductions in child under-nutrition.
Assessing Tuberculosis and Risk Factors: Population Study in Rivers State, Nigeria's Niger Delta Region, Nigeria
Authors: Nwalozie Rhoda , Nnokam Brenda Anyakwe , Kareem Jubril Adeyinka , Obi-Thomas Jane Nkechi
Published: April 2024

Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB), an infectious airborne bacterium primarily impacting the lungs and instigating a chronic inflammatory response, persists as an enduring menace.    This study aims to evaluate the interplay between MTB infection and associated risk factors in Rivers State, Nigeria. The study involved 392 participants from three local government areas (LGAs): Eleme, Obio/Akpor, and PHALGA. Data collection involved a structured questionnaire covering socio-demographics variables and associated risk factors. A stratified random sampling method was employed. Statistical analysis, including descriptive statistics and Spearman's correlation coefficient, was performed using SPSS version 25. Correlation analysis of socio-demographic variables revealed no significant associations with MTB, as indicated by non-significant p-values of (p=0.27), (p=0.83), (p=0.42), (p=0.35), (p=0.49), (p=0.28) for age, sex, education, occupation, marital status and geographical area respectively. However, significant positive weak correlations emerged between MTB infection and cough (p=0.00), hepatitis (p=0.01), coughing blood (p=0.00), and fever (p=0.00). Conversely, family TB history (p=0.93), cough lasting 2 weeks (p=0.84), weight loss (p=0.19), contact with a person who has been coughing for 2 weeks (p=0.93), and alcohol consumption (p=0.55) did not show significant associations. While demographic characteristics alone may not be strong predictors of MTB infection, this study highlights the complex interplay between various risk factors Addressing these risk factors through targeted interventions and raising awareness can contribute to reducing the TB burden in Rivers State and the Niger Delta region.
Evaluation of the Effects of Different Sowing and Weed Control Methods on the Physiological Performance of NERICA 4 Rice Variety in Upland Ecology of Japan
Authors: Mumeen A.Y. , Sulemana A. , Urayama H.
Published: April 2024

The experiment was established to determine the most yield enhancing combination of sowing method and weed control measure for the selected rice variety- NERICA 4. The experiment was conducted from March to November 2023, at the upland research field of JICA’s Tsukuba International Center (TBIC), Japan. The experiment forms part of the fulfilment for the completion of a rice research technique fellowship in the Knowledge Co-Creation Program (KCCP) organized and funded by the Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA). It consists of two sowing methods; Drilling (S1) and Dibling (S2)) as well as three methods of weed control; Chemical Weeding only at Sowing (CW), Chemical Weeding at sowing with once Hand Weeding at 60 DAS (CWHW) and Chemical Weeding at Sowing with Twice Hand Weeding at 60 and 90 DAS (CW2HW) which were combined to form six treatments. Treatments were laid in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications of eighteen (18) plots. 8.9 g/plot of pendimethalin 2% (G0-G0-SAN) was used. Amaranthaceae, Cyperaceae and Poaceae were the prevalence weeds family identified.  The treatment assigned to drilling and twice hand weeding in addition to chemical weeding at sowing (S1CW2HW) had the highest yield (3.95 tons/ha) while the treatment assigned to dibbling with the weeding control plot of only chemical weeding at sowing (S2CW) gave the lowest yield (2.5 tons/ha). There was significant difference at (P<0.05) amongst the mean yield values of all treatment combinations. However, the treatment assigned to same drilling but with once hand weeding (S1CWHW) had the highest profitability rank. This study concludes that sowing with drilling and weed management by pendimethalin and once hand weeding may be productively viable for the variety. This outcome may serve as a benchmark for further research within same thematic framework for increased productivity of rice farmers in the west African sub-region from where the first two authors were sent for the experiment in Japan.
Studies on Benefits of Organic Food Products in Human Life during Covid-19
Authors: Singh Priya , Verma Mithlesh , Singh Apoorva
Published: April 2024

Organic food products have gained considerable attention in recent years due to their perceived health and environmental benefits. This comprehensive review examines the scientific evidence surrounding the advantages of consuming organic foods compared to conventionally produced counterparts. Firstly, organic farming practices emphasize the use of natural fertilizers and biological pest control methods, avoiding synthetic pesticides and genetically modified organisms (GMOs). Numerous studies have demonstrated that organic produce tends to have lower pesticide residues, reducing the potential health risks associated with pesticide exposure. Moreover, organic farming promotes soil health and biodiversity by minimizing the use of synthetic chemicals and fostering sustainable agricultural practices. Healthy soils are essential for nutrient-rich crops and contribute to long-term environmental sustainability. Additionally, organic agriculture typically utilizes crop rotation and intercropping techniques, which enhance soil fertility and resilience. Furthermore, organic livestock production adheres to stringent animal welfare standards, including access to outdoor grazing and the prohibition of routine antibiotic use and growth hormones. As a result, organic meat, dairy, and poultry products often contain higher levels of beneficial nutrients such as omega-3 fatty acids and antioxidants. In terms of nutritional quality, several meta-analyses have suggested that organic fruits and vegetables may have slightly higher levels of certain vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants compared to conventionally grown counterparts. While the differences may be modest, the cumulative effects of consuming organic foods over time could contribute to improved overall health outcomes. Beyond individual health benefits, supporting organic agriculture also has positive implications for environmental conservation and sustainable food systems. By minimizing chemical inputs and promoting biodiversity, organic farming helps mitigate soil erosion, water pollution, and greenhouse gas emissions associated with conventional agriculture.
Peroxisomal acyl‐CoA‐oxidase deficiency: Two new cases
Authors: Carrozzo Rosalba , Bellini Carlo , Lucioli Simona , Deodato Federica , Cassandrini Denise , Cassanello Michela , Caruso Ubaldo , Rizzo Cristiano , Rizza Teresa , Napolitano Matteo L. , Wanders Ronald J.A. , Jakobs Cornelis , Bruno Claudio , Santorelli Filippo M. , Dionisi‐Vici Carlo , Bonioli Eugenio
Published: June 2008

We report on two new patients with straight‐chain acyl‐coenzyme A oxidase deficiency. Early onset hypotonia, seizures and psychomotor delay were observed in both cases. Plasma very‐long‐chain fatty acids were abnormal in both patients, whereas the plasma levels of phytanic acid, pristanic acid, the bile acid intermediates DHCA and THCA, and erythrocyte plasmalogen levels were normal. Studies in fibroblasts from the two patients revealed a deficiency of one of the two peroxisomal acyl‐CoA oxidases, that is, straight‐chain acyl‐CoA oxidase (ACOX1). Subsequent molecular analysis of ACOX1 showed a homozygous deletion, which removes a large part of intron 3 and exons 4–14 in the first patient. Mutation analysis in the second patient revealed compound heterozygosity for two mutations, including: (1) a c.692 G > T (p.G231V) mutation and (2) skipping of exon 13 (c.1729_1935del (p.G577_E645del). © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Vertebral Pathology in an Ornithopod Dinosaur: A Hemivertebra in Dysalotosaurus lettowvorbecki from the Jurassic of Tanzania
Authors: Witzmann Florian , Asbach Patrick , Remes Kristian , Hampe Oliver , Hilger André , Paulke Andreas
Published: June 2008

A vertebral fragment of the Late Jurassic ornithopod dinosaur Dysalotosaurus lettowvorbecki from Tanzania is described. It consists of a hemivertebra that is co‐ossified with a complete vertebral centrum. The hemivertebra causes a hyperkyphotic posture of the vertebral column with an angle of approximately 35° between the end plates of the vertebra, that is, a dorsal bending of the vertebral column. Associated with this is a 15° lateral bending, which suggests a scoliosis. Micro‐CT scans reveal thickening of the cortical bone in the hemivertebra and the complete vertebral centrum as compared to a “normal” vertebra. This can be interpreted as a reaction of the bone to the abnormal direction of forces arising from the defective configuration of the vertebral column. No signs of vertebral fracture are present. The arrangement of the Foramina venosa and the trapezoidal outline of the complete centrum that is co‐ossified with the hemivertebra indicate that the hemivertebra in Dysalotosaurus developed early in embryogenesis probably by “hemimetameric segmental shift”, that is, a defect of the fusion of the paired vertebral anlagen. This finding illustrates that hemivertebrae represent a fundamental defect of the vertebrate ontogenetic program. Anat Rec, 291:1149‐1155, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Genome‐scale model for Clostridium acetobutylicum: Part I. Metabolic network resolution and analysis
Authors: Senger Ryan S. , Papoutsakis Eleftherios T.
Published: June 2008

A genome‐scale metabolic network reconstruction for Clostridium acetobutylicum (ATCC 824) was carried out using a new semi‐automated reverse engineering algorithm. The network consists of 422 intracellular metabolites involved in 552 reactions and includes 80 membrane transport reactions. The metabolic network illustrates the reliance of clostridia on the urea cycle, intracellular L‐glutamate solute pools, and the acetylornithine transaminase for amino acid biosynthesis from the 2‐oxoglutarate precursor. The semi‐automated reverse engineering algorithm identified discrepancies in reaction network databases that are major obstacles for fully automated network‐building algorithms. The proposed semi‐automated approach allowed for the conservation of unique clostridial metabolic pathways, such as an incomplete TCA cycle. A thermodynamic analysis was used to determine the physiological conditions under which proposed pathways (e.g., reverse partial TCA cycle and reverse arginine biosynthesis pathway) are feasible. The reconstructed metabolic network was used to create a genome‐scale model that correctly characterized the butyrate kinase knock‐out and the asolventogenic M5 pSOL1 megaplasmid degenerate strains. Systematic gene knock‐out simulations were performed to identify a set of genes encoding clostridial enzymes essential for growth in silico. Biotechnol. Bioeng. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
ChemInform Abstract: Microsolvation of Hydrogen Sulfide: Exploration of H2S×(H2O)n and SH‐×H3O+× (H2O)n‐1 (n = 5—7) Cluster Structures on ab initio Potential Energy Surfaces by the Scaled Hypersphere Search Method.
Authors: Maeda Satoshi , Ohno Koichi
Published: June 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Characterization of Phosphates in the Pseudoternary Melted Systems Cs2O—P2O5—MIIO (MII: Alkaline Earth).
Authors: Zatovsky I. V. , Strutynska N. Yu. , Slobodyanik N. S. , Baumer V. N. , Shishkin O. V.
Published: June 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Zintl Phase Variations Through Cation Selection. Synthesis and Structure of A21Cd4Pn18 (A: Eu, Sr, Ba; Pn: Sb, Bi).
Authors: Xia Sheng‐Qing , Bobev Svilen
Published: June 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis, Characterization and Magnetic Behavior of a Linear Chain Poly(oxomolybdophosphate) Compound.
Authors: Su Zhanhua , Zhou Baibin , Zhao Zhifeng , Zhang Xu
Published: June 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: 2‐[(Imidazolylthio)methyl]pyrrolidine as a Trifunctional Organocatalyst for the Highly Asymmetric Michael Addition of Ketones to Nitroolefins.
Authors: Xu Dan‐Qian , Wang Li‐Ping , Luo Shu‐Ping , Wang Yi‐Feng , Zhang Shuai , Xu Zhen‐Yuan
Published: June 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Transformation of N,N‐Dimethylaminomethylidene Derivatives of Indolylglycines and Some Other Dipeptides.
Authors: Jakse Renata , Golic Ljubo , Meden Anton , Groselj Uros , Svete Jurij , Stanovnik Branko
Published: June 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Iron‐Catalyzed Asymmetric Olefin cis‐Dihydroxylation with 97% Enantiomeric Excess.
Authors: Suzuki Ken , Oldenburg Paul D. , Que Lawrence Jr.
Published: June 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Reaction Between Imides and Electron‐Poor Acetylenic Esters in the Presence of Dipotassium Hydrogen Phosphate Powder in Solvent‐Free Conditions: An Efficient Method for the Synthesis of Electron‐Poor N‐Vinyl Imides.
Authors: Ramazani Ali , Kardan Mahsa , Noshiranzadeh Nader
Published: June 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Development of Pharmaceutical Drugs, Drug Intermediates and Ingredients by Using Direct Organo‐Click Reactions.
Authors: Ramachary Dhevalapally B. , Kishor Mamillapalli , Reddy Y. Vijayendar
Published: June 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Highly Active Iridium(I) Complexes for Catalytic Hydrogen Isotope Exchange.
Authors: Brown Jack A. , Irvine Stephanie , Kennedy Alan R. , Kerr William J. , Andersson Shalini , Nilsson Goeran N.
Published: June 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Facile and Highly Selective Deprotection of tert‐Butyldimethyl Silyl Ethers Using Sulfated SnO2 as a Solid Catalyst.
Authors: Bhure Mahesh H. , Kumar Indresh , Natu Arun D. , Rode Chandrashekhar V.
Published: June 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Allylic Alkylation and Ring‐Closing Metathesis in Sequence: A Successful Cohabitation of Pd and Ru.
Authors: Kammerer Claire , Prestat Guillaume , Gaillard Thomas , Madec David , Poli Giovanni
Published: June 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium(0)‐Catalyzed Decarboxylation of Buta‐2,3‐dienyl 2′‐Alkynoates: Approach to the Synthesis of 2‐Alkynyl Buta‐1,3‐dienes.
Authors: Sim So Hee , Park Hee‐Jun , Lee Sang Ick , Chung Young Keun
Published: June 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: A First High Enantiocontrol of an Asymmetric Tertiary Carbon Center Attached with a Fluoroalkyl Group via Rh(I)‐Catalyzed Conjugate Addition Reaction.
Authors: Konno Tsutomu , Tanaka Tomoo , Miyabe Tomotsugu , Morigaki Atsunori , Ishihara Takashi
Published: June 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Direct Asymmetric Dynamic Kinetic Resolution by Combined Lipase Catalysis and Nitroaldol (Henry) Reaction.
Authors: Vongvilai Pornrapee , Larsson Rikard , Ramstroem Olof
Published: June 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: N‐Heterocyclic Carbene Ligands in Copper‐Catalyzed Addition of Diethylzinc to N‐Sulfonylimines.
Authors: Md. Abu Bakar , Suzuki Yumiko , Sato Masayuki
Published: June 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: A New Pyridyl Bis(oxazoline) Ligand Prepared from D‐Glucosamine for Asymmetric Alkynylation of Imines.
Authors: Irmak Mustafa , Boysen Mike M. K.
Published: June 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: A C78 Fullerene Precursor: Toward the Direct Synthesis of Higher Fullerenes.
Authors: Amsharov Konstantin Yu. , Jansen Martin
Published: June 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Identification of Heterocyclic Derivatives of Fullerene C60: Unexpected Reaction of Anionic C60 with Benzonitrile.
Authors: Zheng Min , Li Fang‐fang , Ni Ling , Yang Wei‐wei , Gao Xiang
Published: June 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: A Novel Sodium Iodide‐Promoted Ring Transformation of 2‐Amino‐4,5‐dihydro‐3‐furancarbonitriles to 2‐Pyrrolidinones and Dihydropyrans.
Authors: Maruoka Hiroshi , Okabe Fumi , Yamagata Kenji
Published: June 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Pharmacological Evaluation of Pyrazoline Derivatives as New Antiinflammatory and Analgesic Agents.
Authors: Amir Mohammad , Kumar Harish , Khan Suroor A.
Published: June 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Design, Synthesis, and in vitro Antitumor Activity of New 1,4‐Diarylimidazole‐2‐ones and Their 2‐Thione Analogues.
Authors: Congiu Cenzo , Cocco Maria Teresa , Onnis Valentina
Published: June 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: An Efficient and Eco‐Friendly Process for the Conversion of Carbon Dioxide into Oxazolones and Oxazolidinones under Supercritical Conditions.
Authors: Jiang Huanfeng , Zhao Jinwu , Wang Azhong
Published: June 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric 1,3‐Dipolar Cycloadditions of N‐Benzyl and N‐Diphenylmethyl Nitrones and α,β‐Unsaturated Aldehydes Catalzed by Bis‐Titanium Chiral Lewis Acids.
Authors: Hashimoto Takuya , Omote Masato , Hato Yoshio , Kano Taichi , Maruoka Keiji
Published: June 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Carbohydrates to Functionalized Pyridines: A New Synthetic Approach via Enol‐Driven Ring Transformations.
Authors: Yadav Lal Dhar Singh , Rai Ankita , Rai Vijai Kumar , Awasthi Chhama
Published: June 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: 1,6‐Electrocyclization of 1‐Azatriene Derivatives.
Authors: Vincze Zoltan , Mucsi Zoltan , Scheiber Pal , Nemes Peter
Published: June 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Direct Synthesis of Substituted Pyrimidines and Quinazolines.
Authors: Hill Matthew D. , Movassaghi Mohammad
Published: June 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Pteridines. Part 99. A New Pteridine—Purine Transformation.
Authors: Pfleiderer Wolfgang
Published: June 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: An Efficient Three‐Component One‐Pot Approach to the Synthesis of 2,3,4,5‐Tetrahydro‐1H‐2‐benzazepines by Means of Rhodium‐Catalyzed Hydroaminomethylation.
Authors: Vieira Tiago O. , Alper Howard
Published: June 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Differentially Protected Benzenediboronic Acids: Divalent Cross‐Coupling Modules for the Efficient Synthesis of Boron‐Substituted Oligoarenes.
Authors: Noguchi Hiroyoshi , Shioda Takayuki , Chou Chih‐Ming , Suginome Michinori
Published: June 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Triazinyl Architecture on Bifunctional Carbonyl Templates for the Production of Potential Neutron Capture Therapy Agents: Synthesis and Characterization of 1,3,5‐Triazinylcarborane Derivatives.
Authors: Lee Chai‐Ho , Jin Guo Fan , Yoon Ji Ho , Kim Sun Hee , Lee Jong‐Dae , Nakamura Hiroyuki , Kang Sang Ook
Published: June 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Derivatives of Arborine [1‐Methyl‐2‐(phenylmethyl)‐4(1H)‐quinazolinone]
Authors: Kovtunenko V. A. , Kucherenko T. T. , Zubatyuk R. I. , Shishkin O. V. , Yushchenko D. A.
Published: June 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: An Efficient Total Synthesis of Decarestrictine D.
Authors: Gupta Priti , Kumar Pradeep
Published: June 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Investigation of Structural Perfection and Faceting in Highly Er‐Doped Yb3Al5O12 Crystals.
Authors: Kolodziejak K. , Wierzchowski W. , Wieteska K. , Malinowski M. , Graeff W. , Lukasiewicz T.
Published: June 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Entry into a New Class of Protein Kinase Inhibitors by Pseudo Ring Design.
Authors: Furet Pascal , Caravatti Giorgio , Guagnano Vito , Lang Marc , Meyer Thomas , Schoepfer Joseph
Published: June 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Potent Memapsin 2 (β‐Secretase) Inhibitors: Design, Synthesis, Protein‐Ligand X‐Ray Structure, and in vivo Evaluation.
Authors: Ghosh Arun K. , et al. et al.
Published: June 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Exploitation of a Very Strongly σ‐Donating SnII Ligand: Synthesis of a Homoleptic, Octahedral NiIV Complex.
Authors: Aldridge Simon
Published: June 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synergistic Effect of Binary Component Ligands in Chiral Catalyst Library Engineering for Enantioselective Reactions
Authors: Ding Kuiling
Published: June 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Meldrum′s Acid and Related Compounds in the Synthesis of Natural Products and Analogues
Authors: Ivanov Andrey S.
Published: June 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Nature of Salt Effects and Mechanism of Covalent Bond Heterolysis
Authors: Dvorko Genrih F. , Ponomareva Engelsine A. , Ponomarev Mykola E. , Stambirsky Mikhailo V.
Published: June 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Continuous Flow Reactors, a Tool for the Modern Synthetic Chemist
Authors: Wiles Charlotte , Watts Paul
Published: June 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: PET (Positron Emission Tomography) Imaging of Biomolecules Using Metal—DOTA Complexes: A New Collaborative Challenge by Chemists, Biologists, and Physicians for Future Diagnostics and Exploration of in vivo Dynamics
Authors: Tanaka Katsunori , Fukase Koichi
Published: June 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Ruthenium Complexes Bearing Bulky Pentasubstituted Cyclopentadienyl Ligands and Evaluation of [Ru(η5‐C5Me4R)(MeCN)3][PF6] Precatalysts in Nucleophilic Allylic Substitution Reactions
Authors: Zhang Hui‐Jun , Demerseman Bernard , Xi Zhenfeng , Bruneau Christian
Published: June 2008

[Ru(η5‐C5Me4R)(MeCN)3][PF6] (R = CH2tBu, iPr, tBu, and CF3; 2–5) complexes were synthesized in two steps starting from the appropriate cyclopentadienes and RuCl3·3H2O. The fully substituted ruthenocenes [Ru(C5Me5)(C5Me4R*)], [Ru(C5Me5)(C5nPr4R*)] {R* = (1R,5S)‐6,6‐dimethylbicyclo[3.1.1]hept‐2‐en‐2‐yl} and [Ru(C5Me5)(C5nPr5)] were obtained by treating [Ru(C5Me5)Cl]4 with the corresponding cyclopentadienyllithium salts. Complexes 2–5 were evaluated as catalyst precursors for nucleophilic allylic substitution reactions, and the results were compared to those obtained with the [Ru(C5Me5)(MeCN)3][PF6] (1) precatalyst. The etherification of p‐methoxyphenol with the typical aliphatic chlorohexene allylic substrate shows that the introduction of the bulky tert‐butyl and trifluoromethyl groups into the tetramethylcyclopentadienyl ring results in a valuable enhancement in regioselectivity in favour of the branched allyl aryl ether.(© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2008)
Clinical outcome of T1 glottic carcinoma since the introduction of endoscopic CO2 laser surgery as treatment option
Authors: Sjögren Elisabeth V. , Langeveld Ton P. M. , Baatenburg de Jong Robert J.
Published: June 2008

Background

Since the introduction of endoscopic laser surgery at our institution in 1996, 189 patients have been treated for T1 glottic carcinoma.

Methods

Treatment allocation (radiotherapy vs laser surgery) and outcome were evaluated.

Results

Fifty‐one percent of T1a lesions were considered suitable for laser surgery. Sixteen percent of T1a patients treated with laser surgery needed additional treatment because of positive resection margins. Overall local control and larynx preservation were 89% and 96%. Both were poorer in T1a patients with larger lesions treated with radiotherapy (local control 75% versus 89%, p = .05, larynx preservation 83% vs 100%, p = .001).

Conclusion

Outcome for T1a patients selected for laser surgery is excellent. In patients with larger lesions treated with radiotherapy, outcome is inferior to patients selected for laser surgery, but also to that reported for (unselected) T1a carcinomas treated with radiotherapy in literature. Strategies to improve treatment results in patients deemed unsuitable for laser surgery should be designed. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2008
Investigating DRG cost weights for hospitals in middle income countries
Authors: Ghaffari Shahram , Doran Christopher , Wilson Andrew , Aisbett Chris , Jackson Terri
Published: June 2008

Identifying the cost of hospital outputs, particularly acute inpatients measured by Diagnosis Related Groups (DRGs), is an important component of casemix implementation. Measuring the relative costliness of specific DRGs is useful for a wide range of policy and planning applications. Estimating the relative use of resources per DRG can be done through different costing approaches depending on availability of information and time and budget. This study aims to guide costing efforts in Iran and other countries in the region that are pursuing casemix funding, through identifying the main issues facing cost finding approaches and introducing the costing models compatible with their hospitals accounting and management structures. The results show that inadequate financial and utilisation information at the patient's level, poorly computerized ‘feeder systems’; and low quality data make it impossible to estimate reliable DRGs costs through clinical costing. A cost modelling approach estimates the average cost of 2.723 million Rials (Iranian Currency) per DRG. Using standard linear regression, a coefficient of 0.14 (CI = 0.12–0.16) suggests that the average cost weight increases by 14% for every one‐day increase in average length of stay (LOS).

We concluded that calculation of DRG cost weights (CWs) using Australian service weights provides a sensible starting place for DRG‐based hospital management; but restructuring hospital accounting systems, designing computerized feeder systems, using appropriate software, and development of national service weights that reflect local practice patterns will enhance the accuracy of DRG CWs. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

This article was published online on 5 June 2008. An error was subsequently identified. This notice is included in the online and print versions to indicate that both have been corrected [08/07/2009].

[Correction made here after initial online publication].
Hydrogel based tissue mimicking phantom for in‐vitro ultrasound contrast agents studies
Authors: Demitri Christian , Sannino Alessandro , Conversano Francesco , Casciaro Sergio , Distante Alessandro , Maffezzoli Alfonso
Published: June 2008

Ultrasound medical imaging (UMI) is the most widely used image analysis technique, and often requires advanced in‐vitro set up to perform morphological and functional investigations. These studies are based on contrast properties both related to tissue structure and injectable contrast agents (CA). In this work, we present a three‐dimensional structure composed of two different hydrogels reassembly the microvascular network of a human tissue. This phantom was particularly suitable for the echocontrastographic measurements in human microvascular system. This phantom has been characterized to present the acoustic properties of an animal liver, that is, acoustic impedance (Z) and attenuation coefficient (AC), in UMI signal analysis in particular; the two different hydrogels have been selected to simulate the target organ and the acoustic properties of the vascular system. The two hydrogels were prepared starting from cellulose derivatives to simulating the target organ parenchyma and using a PEG‐diacrylate to reproduce the vascular system. Moreover, harmonic analysis was performed on the hydrogel mimicking the liver parenchyma hydrogel to evaluate the ultrasound (US) distortion during echographic measurement. The phantom was employed in the characterization of an experimental US CA. Perfect agreement was found when comparing the hydrogel acoustical properties materials with the corresponding living reference tissues (i.e., vascular and parenchimal tissue). © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2008
Biosorption of methylene blue from aqueous solution by softstem bulrush (Scirpus tabernaemontani Gmel.)
Authors: Li Yan , Zhang Jian , Zhang Chenglu , Wang Li , Zhang Bo
Published: June 2008

BACKGROUND: The removal of methylene blue from aqueous solution was studied using softstem bulrush (Scirpus tabernaemontani Gmel.) as the biosorbent. The effects of various parameters including contact time, biosorbent dosage, ionic strength and solution pH on the biosorption were investigated.

RESULTS: The sorption capacity increased with an increase in biosorbent dosage and a decrease in ionic strength. The equilibrium time was found to be 240 min for full equilibration. Pseudo‐first‐order, pseudo‐second‐order, Bangham equation and intraparticle diffusion models were applied to fit the kinetic data, and the results showed that the sorption process followed the pseudo‐second‐order model. Equilibrium data conformed to Langmuir and Redlich–Peterson isotherm models, with a maximum monolayer biosorption capacity of 53.8 mg g−1 for the Langmuir isotherm at 18 °C. The value of ΔG was estimated to be − 29.24 kJ mol−1, indicating the spontaneous nature of the biosorption. The biosorption process was strongly pH‐dependent and favourable at alkaline pH.

CONCLUSION: Softstem bulrush, which is readily available and inexpensive, could be employed as a promising biosorbent for the removal of dye. Copyright © 2008 Society of Chemical Industry
Solvability of the Tricomi problem for second order equations of mixed type with degenerate curve on the sides of an angle
Authors: Wen Guo Chun
Published: June 2008

In [1]–[6], the author posed and discussed the Tricomi problem of second order mixed equations, but he only consider some special mixed equations. In [3], the author discussed the uniqueness of solutions of the Tricomi problem for some second order mixed equation with nonsmooth degenerate line. The present paper deals with the Tricomi problem for general second order mixed equations with degenerate curve on the sides of an angle. I first give the formulation of the above problem, and then prove the solvability of the Tricomi problem for the mixed equations with degenerate curve on the sides of an angle, by using the existence of solutions of the mixed problem for the degenerate elliptic equations (see [11]). Here I mention that the used method in this paper is different to those in other papers or books, because I introduce the new notation (2.1) below, such that the second order equation of mixed type can be reduced to the first order complex equation of mixed type with singular coefficients, hence I can use the advantage of complex analytic method. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)