bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cohomology of $\mathcal A_θ^\mathrm {alg} \rtimes \mathbb Z_2$ and its Chern–Connes pairing
Authors: Quddus Safdar
Published: September 2017

We calculate the Hochschild and cyclic cohomology of the noncommutative

\mathbb Z_2

toroidal algebraic orbifold

\mathcal A_θ^\mathrm {alg} \rtimes \mathbb Z_2

. We also calculate the Chern–Connes pairing of the even periodic cyclic cocycles with the known elements of

K_0 (\mathcal A_θ^\mathrm {alg} \rtimes \mathbb Z_2)

.
The representation theory of non-commutative $\mathcal O$(GL$_2)$
Authors: Raedschelders Theo , Van den Bergh Michel
Published: September 2017

In our companion paper "The Manin Hopf algebra of a Koszul Artin–Schelter regular algebra is quasi-hereditary" we used the Tannaka–Krein formalism to study the universal coacting Hopf algebra

\underline {\mathrm {aut}}(A)

for a Koszul Artin–Schelter regular algebra

A

. In this paper we study in detail the case

A=k[x,y]

. In particular we give a more precise description of the standard and costandard representations of

\underline {\mathrm {aut}}(A)

as a coalgebra and we show that the latter can be obtained by induction from a Borel quotient algebra. Finally we give a combinatorial characterization of the simple

\underline {\mathrm {aut}}(A)

-representations as tensor products of

\underline {\mathrm {end}}(A)

-representations and their duals.
Boundary value problems with Atiyah–Patodi–Singer type conditions and spectral triples
Authors: Battisti Ubertino , Seiler Joerg
Published: September 2017

We study realizations of pseudodifferential operators acting on sections of vector-bundles on a smooth, compact manifold with boundary, subject to conditions of Atiyah–Patodi–Singer type. Ellipticity and Fredholm property, compositions, adjoints and self-adjointness of such realizations are discussed. We construct regular spectral triples

(\mathcal {A,H,D})

for manifolds with boundary of arbitrary dimension, where

\mathcal H

is the space of square integrable sections. Starting out from Dirac operators with APS-conditions, these triples are even in case of even dimensional manifolds; we show that the closure of

\mathcal A

in

\mathcal L(\mathcal H)

coincides with the continuous functions on the manifold being constant on each connected component of the boundary.
Analysis of Health Indicators in Two Rural Communities on the Colombian Caribbean Coast: Poor Water Supply and Education Level Are Associated with Water-Related Diseases
Authors: Ruiz-Díaz María Stephany , Mora-García Gustavo José , Salguedo-Madrid Germán Israel , Alario Ángelo , Gómez-Camargo Doris Esther
Published: September 2017

Water-related diseases are closely linked with drinking water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) indicators, socioeconomic status, education level, or dwelling’s conditions. Developing countries exhibit a particular vulnerability to these diseases, especially rural areas and urban slums. This study assessed socioeconomic features, WASH indicators, and water-related diseases in two rural areas of the Colombian Caribbean coast. Most of this population did not finish basic education (72.3%, N = 159). Only one of the communities had a water supply (aqueduct), whereas the other received water via an adapted tanker ship. No respondents reported sewage services; 92.7% (N = 204) had garbage service. Reported cases of diarrhea were associated with low education levels (P = 2.37 × 10−9) and an unimproved drinking water supply (P = 0.035). At least one fever episode was reported in 20% (N = 44) of dwellings, but the cases were not related to any indicator. The Aedes/House index (percentage of houses that tested positive for Aedes larvae and/or pupae) was 69%, the container index (percentage of water-holding containers positive for Aedes larvae or pupae) 29.4%, and the Breteau index (number of positive containers per 100 houses in a specific location) was three positive containers per 100 inspected houses. The presence of positive containers was associated with the absence of a drinking water supply (P = 0.04). The community with poorer health indicators showed greater health vulnerability conditions for acquisition of water-related diseases. In summary, water supply and educational level were the main factors associated with the presence of water-related diseases in both communities.
Detection of Mycoplasma pneumoniae and Legionella pneumophila in Patients Having Community-Acquired Pneumonia: A Multicentric Study from New Delhi, India
Authors: Chaudhry Rama , Valavane Arvind , Sreenath K. , Choudhary Mamta , Sagar Tanu , Shende Trupti , Varma-Basil Mandira , Mohanty Srujana , Kabra S. K. , Dey A. B. , Thakur Bhaskar
Published: September 2017

Atypical pathogens including Mycoplasma pneumoniae and Legionella pneumophila are increasingly recognized as important causes of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). Mycoplasma pneumoniae accounts for 20–40% of all CAP and L. pneumophila is responsible for 3–15% of cases. The paucity of data from India in this regard prompted us to conduct this prospective multicentric analysis to detect the prevalence of M. pneumoniae and L. pneumophila in our geographical region. A total of 453 patients with symptoms of pneumonia and 90 controls with no history of lower respiratory tract infections were included in the study. A duplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) targeting 543 bp region of P1 adhesin gene of M. pneumoniae and 375 bp region of macrophage infectivity potentiator (mip) gene of L. pneumophila was standardized for simultaneous detection of these atypical pathogens. Respiratory secretions, blood, and urine samples were collected from each patient and control and were subjected to duplex PCR, culture and serology for M. pneumoniae and L. pneumophila. Urine samples were subjected for detecting L. pneumophila antigen. Among the 453 patients investigated for M. pneumoniae, 52 (11.4%) were positive for IgM antibodies, 17 were positive by culture, and seven tested positive by PCR (P1 gene). Similarly for L. pneumophila, 50 cases (11%) were serologically positive for IgM antibodies, one was positive by PCR (mip gene) and urine antigen detection. A total of eight samples were positive by duplex PCR for M. pneumoniae P1 gene (N = 7) and L. pneumophila mip gene (N = 1). Of the 90 controls, two samples (2.2%) showed IgM positivity, and 15 (16.7%) showed IgG positivity for M. pneumoniae. For L. pneumophila, three samples (3.3%) tested positive for IgM, and 12 (13.3%) tested positive for IgG antibodies. The study findings indicate the presence of M. pneumoniae and L. pneumophila in our geographical region, and a combination of laboratory approaches including PCR, culture, and serology is required for effective detection of these agents.
Relative Bradycardia in Scrub Typhus
Authors: Jung Lae Young , Jeon Mir , Choi Seung Hee , Hwang Joo-Hee , Lee Chang-Seop , Rhee Kyoung-Suk
Published: September 2017

To investigate the relationship between heart rate and temperature, we examined 493 febrile patients with documented disease. These patients were diagnosed serologically and analyzed retrospectively: 337 (68.4%) responded to fever with increased heart rate < 10 beats/minute/°C (relative bradycardia [RB]), and 156 patients had a heart rate response ≥ 10 beats/minute/°C (general heart rate increase [GHRI]). The RB group had a higher median resting heart rate and lower heart rate at maximum temperature than the GHRI group. Despite differences in heart rate response, no significant differences were seen in clinical outcomes (acute kidney injury, systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS), and death). We concluded that most patients with scrub typhus presented with RB. In scrub typhus infection, RB can be included as one of the clinical features for differential diagnosis from other infectious diseases.
Diagnosis of Louse-Borne Relapsing Fever despite Negative Microscopy in Two Asylum Seekers from Eastern Africa
Authors: Antinori Spinello , Tonello Cristina , Edouard Sophie , Parravicini Carlo , Gastaldi Daniela , Grande Romualdo , Milazzo Laura , Ricaboni Davide , Fenollar Florence , Raoult Didier , Corbellino Mario , Mediannikov Oleg
Published: September 2017

We report two cases of louse-borne relapsing fever observed at our Institution in June 2016. Both patients were young asylum seekers from Africa who had recently arrived in Milan, Italy. Notably, direct microscopic examination of peripheral blood smears was repeatedly negative for the presence of spirochetes and the diagnosis, supported by clinical and epidemiologic evidence, required molecular confirmation by polymerase chain reaction amplification of DNA extracted from blood and sequencing of the amplified products.
Post-Keynesian dynamic stochastic general equilibrium theory*
Authors: Farmer Roger E.A.
Published: September 2017

This paper explains the connection between ideas developed in my recent books and papers and those of economists who self-identify as post-Keynesians. My own work is both neoclassical and ‘old Keynesian.’ Much of my published work assumes that people have rational expectations and that ‘animal spirits’ should be modeled as a new fundamental. I adopt a general equilibrium framework to model the macroeconomy. But although I write from a neoclassical tradition the themes I explore in my published writing have much in common with heterodox economics. This paper explains the common elements between these seemingly disparate traditions. I make the case for unity between post-Keynesian and general equilibrium theory under the banner of post-Keynesian dynamic stochastic general equilibrium theory.
Beyond stimulus versus austerity: pluralist capacity building in macroeconomics
Authors: van Staveren Irene
Published: September 2017

In this article a pluralist teaching method in macroeconomics is explained with examples. It demonstrates why pluralist macro teaching is important and that it is feasible even at the introductory level. It shows how it can be carried out using five key economic theories: social economics, institutional economics, feminist economics, post-Keynesian economics and neoclassical economics. It briefly summarizes how such pluralist teaching can be carried out on topics such as macroeconomic flow, economic growth, trade, poverty and well-being, and money.
Laboratorio Virtual como Herramienta para Comprender el Funcionamiento de las Líneas de Alta Tensión
Authors: Roldán-Blay Carlos , Pérez-Sánchez Modesto
Published: September 2017

Las líneas eléctricas trifásicas de alta tensión son elementos de difícil modelado debido a una serie de fenómenos que a otros niveles de tensión pueden resultar despreciables. Para el cálculo de los parámetros básicos (resistencia, inductancia y capacidad) con los que crear modelos sencillos (ya sea de parámetros concentrados o distribuidos) válidos para simular el funcionamiento de las líneas, se desarrollan expresiones de una complejidad que dificulta su asimilación. Para facilitar el alineamiento enseñanza-aprendizaje del alumno, se ha desarrollado una colección de laboratorios virtuales con Matlab© para facilitar la comprensión del funcionamiento de las líneas de alta tensión. En este artñiculo se muestra uno de estos laboratorios que permite representar la geometría de líneas aéreas de alta tensión y computar el cálculo de sus parámetros.
Un Recorrido de Estudio e Investigación para el aprendizaje del concepto devariable aleatoria discreta mediante métodos de Monte Carlo
Authors: Estruch Vicente D. , Boigues Francisco J. , Vidal Anna
Published: September 2017

El concepto de variable aleatoria es un constructo matemático que presenta cierta complejidad teórica.  No obstante, el aprendizaje de dicho concepto puede facilitarse si se plantea como el   final de un proceso secuencial de modelización de un suceso real.  Más concretamente, para aprender el concepto de variable aleatoria discreta, la simulación de Monte Carlo puede ofrecer una herramienta sumamente útil puesto que en el proceso de modelización/simulación podremos abordar el concepto teórico de variable aleatoria, al tiempo que se observa a la variable aleatoria “en acción”. Este trabajo expone un Recorrido de Estudio e Investigación (REI) basado en una serie de actividades relacionadas con variables aleatorias como entrenamiento e introducción de elementos de simulación, presentándose después la construcción de un modelo, que es la parte substancial de la actividad, generando una variable aleatoria y su función de probabilidad. Partiendo de una situación sencilla, relacionada con la reproducción y supervivencia de la camada de un roedor, con componentes aleatorios, se construye, paso a paso, el modelo que representa la situación planteada mediante una variable aleatoria "original". En las etapas intermedias de la construcción del modelo tienen un papel fundamental las distribuciones uniforme discreta y binomial. El recorrido de tales etapas permite reforzar el concepto de variable aleatoria al tiempo que se exploran las posibilidades que ofrecen los métodos de Monte Carlo para simular casos reales y se comprueba la sencillez que supone implementar dichos métodos mediante el lenguaje de programación de Matlab©.
Experiencia de montaje y operación de una impresora 3D en el aula
Authors: Orquín Serrano Ismael , Aguado Sahagún Henar , Berenguer Sánchez Gregorio , Petrovic Filipovic Vojislav
Published: September 2017

Se describe la experiencia anual llevada a cabo en la clase de Tecnología de un grupo de tercero de Enseñanza Secundaria Obligatoria (ESO) sobre el montaje y operación de una impresora 3D. Se detalla la metodología empleada por el profesorado para la coordinación del trabajo tanto entre los profesores asociados a la experiencia como entre los alumnos. El alumnado se dividió en grupos para la realización de tres grandes bloques de tareas: búsqueda de información, elaboración de documentación y tareas de montaje. Cada grupo tuvo su profesor responsable para atender y evaluar el trabajo del alumnado. Se demuestra que este tipo de experiencias innovadoras no solo motiva a los estudiantes sino que les anima a afrontar los proyectos CTIM (Ciencia, Tecnología, Ingeniería y Matemáticas) desde una perspectiva más amplia, integrando distintas áreas de conocimiento.
Modelización del crecimiento de una población microbiana en medio líquido y su implicación en el estudio de la morfología celular a través del análisis digital de imágenes
Authors: Viteri Ángel , Blanco Mónica , Carbó Rosa , Ginovart Marta
Published: September 2017

Cuando la levadura crece en un medio líquido rico en nutrientes genera una curva de crecimiento que presenta principalmente tres fases: fase de adaptación (o fase lag), fase exponencial (o fase log), y fase estacionaria. El modelo de Buchanan es un modelo lineal a trozos, simple pero suficientemente bueno para obtener estimaciones de los principales parámetros cinéticos de crecimiento microbiano. La morfometría de las levaduras que se reproducen por gemación (con células madre y células hija) informa sobre el estado de las poblaciones y su capacidad productiva. Se han analizado de forma conjunta resultados experimentales en relación al número de células de S. cerevisiae creciendo en un medio de cultivo líquido cerrado con glucosa y con dos concentraciones diferentes de oxígeno (condiciones aerobias y microaerófilas), y un conjunto de imágenes digitales tomadas de estas células creciendo. Las distribuciones de valores obtenidos para los parámetros morfológicos de las células (área, perímetro, diámetro mayor, diámetro menor, circularidad y elongación) se han relacionado con las distintas fases de crecimiento identificadas con el modelo Buchanan ajustado. La utilización de un modelo de crecimiento poblacional y los parámetros cinéticos estimados junto con el análisis de imágenes digitales de células individuales ha generado una aproximación muy atractiva del sistema, permitiendo conjugar conceptos matemáticos y biológicos a la vez que realizar un estudio a dos niveles distintos del sistema, a nivel poblacional y a nivel individual.
Análisis de los procesos de resolución de tres tareas de modelización
Authors: Gallart Palau Cèsar , Ferrando Palomares Irene , García-Raffi L. M.
Published: September 2017

En el presente artículo presentamos un análisis comparado del proceso de resolución de tres tareas de modelización por parte de alumnos de 3oESO (13-14 años), diseñadas a partir de tres perspectivas distintas: las Modelling-Eliciting Activities, el proyecto LEMA, y los Problemas Matemáticos Realistas. El objetivo de este análisis es obtener una caracterización metodológica de las mismas que permita al profesor de secundaria una adecuada selección y secuenciación de las tareas para su implementación en el aula.
La modelización en la Econometría
Authors: Alguacil Marí M. , Jiménez Fernández E.
Published: September 2017

El entorno económico actual, así como las bajas calificaciones obtenidas por nuestros/as estudiantes en los últimos años, hace necesaria la incorporación a la docencia de nuevos métodos de enseñanza más acordes con esta realidad. En este sentido, la modelización econométrica proporciona una oportunidad única al proveer al/ a la alumno/a de las herramientas básicas para abordar de forma profunda y novedosa el estudio de la Econometría. En el presente artículo, se describe ese método de enseñanza, presentando además un ejemplo del mismo basado en un estudio realizado por dos alumnos del Grado de Economía. Asimismo, se evalúa cuantitativamente el éxito de este método en términos de rendimientos académicos. Los resultados obtenidos confirman nuestra idea inicial de que la mayor implicación del/ de la estudiante, así como la necesidad de un conocimiento más completo de la materia, supone un estímulo para el estudio de esta asignatura. Como prueba de ello, mostramos cómo aquellos/as estudiantes que optaron por el método que proponemos aquí obtuvieron mayores calificaciones a aquellos/as que eligieron el método de enseñanza tradicional.
Study of Correlation of Preoperative Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology with Histopathological Examination in Thyroid Swellings
Authors: Bodepudi Sri Lekha , Kalyan KASSN , Peddi Ramarao
Published: September 2017

Introduction

Though fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) for thyroid is acclaimed as a gold standard before going for intervention, there are some limitations with respect to tissue availability, technique, skill of performer, etc. So, a cross-sectional study was conducted to determine the accuracy of FNAC in diagnosis of thyroid swelling and to assess the correlation between preoperative cytopathological diagnosis and postoperative histopathological diagnosis.

Materials and methods

Data collected from records in the time period of 3 years, i.e., from August 2012 to August 2015, were evaluated and analyzed.

Results

A total number of 93 cases were included in the study of which majority were females with frequency of 84.94%, most of the incidence of thyroid swellings occur in the age group of 40 to 50 years. Overall mismatch between histopathological examination and FNAC was 43 out of 93 and of which 7 were major and 36 were minor mismatch. Sensitivity of patients having malignancy with positive FNAC is 82.35% from the study and specificity of patients with nonmalignant thyroid disease and positive cytology is 95.18%.

Conclusion

It was observed that FNAC is a reliable, safe, and accurate method as a first line of evaluation in thyroid swelling before the surgery. Fine needle aspiration cytology is more sensitive in detecting thyroid gland malignancy but still correlation is always necessary and therefore, histopathological analysis still remains essential for final diagnosis.

How to cite this article

Bodepudi SL, Kalyan KASSN, Peddi R. Study of Correlation of Preoperative Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology with Histopathological Examination in Thyroid Swellings. Int J Phonosurg Laryngol 2017;7(1):16-19.
False Cord Retractor: An important Tool in diagnosing Posterior Laryngeal Cleft
Authors: Bradoo Renuka , Shah Kshitij
Published: September 2017

When the tracheoesophageal septum fails to develop or fuse, a laryngeal cleft is formed. It may or may not be associated with a tracheoesophageal fistula. Diagnosing a laryngeal cleft is not straightforward as was found to be in this case. Here, the cleft was masquerading as a laryngeal polyp, which resulted in misdiagnoses and delay in the management. A false cord retractor was of significant help in diagnosing the cleft. We recommend the use of this instrument during evaluation of laryngobronchoscopy in all patients suspected to have a laryngeal cleft.

How to cite this article

Bradoo R, Dave VJ, Joshi A, Shah K. False Cord Retractor: An important Tool in diagnosing Posterior Laryngeal Cleft. Int J Phonosurg Laryngol 2017;7(1):20-22.
Risk perception and perceived self-efficacy of deaf and hard-of-hearing seniors and young adults in emergencies
Authors: Engelman, DrPH, MPH Alina , Ivey, MD, MHSA Susan L. , Tseng, PhD Winston , Neuhauser, DrPH, MPH Linda
Published: September 2017

Objectives: The authors explored the factors influencing risk perception and perceived self-efficacy before and during an emergency for deaf and hard-of-hearing (Deaf/HH) seniors and young adults. Methods: The authors collected demographic survey data and conducted four focus groups with 38 Deaf/HH residents of the San Francisco Bay Area; two groups were with young adults (ages 18-35), including one group of college students and one group of young professionals, and two were with older adults (ages 50-90).Results: Significant differences were found between Deaf/HH young adults and seniors in both the sources of self-efficacy and risk perception and their attitudes toward preparedness. All groups demonstrated high resilience. Deaf/HH young professionals expressed more concern about their risk in an emergency than Deaf/HH college students. Alternately, the risk perception of Deaf/HH older adults was often rooted in their past experiences (survival of past emergencies, inaccessibility of communications during drills).Conclusions: Policy implications include the need to dedicate more resources to increasing accessibility and relevance of emergency communications technology for Deaf/HH populations. This could help increase adaptability before, during, and after emergencies among all groups of Deaf/HH people, particularly among young Deaf/HH professionals.
Subway emergency preparedness in Shanghai: A focused group and interview study exploring the perceived experiences of senior citizens and the disabled
Authors: Baffoe, MEng Benjamin Ohene Kwapong , Shiyuan, PhD Zheng
Published: September 2017

As Shanghai's population increases and currently being boosted by an influx of foreigners, there has been pressure on the subway system and this has led to a great concern for the aged and disabled people (including foreigners) who use the subway during emergency situations. The present study uses an exploratory research approach including a focus group discussion (FGD) and interviews to uncover the experiences, safety concerns, and challenges that the aged and disabled faces when using the subway. A total of 38 participants were involved in the study, which comprises of three FGDs and interviews conducted in the city of Shanghai. The findings reveal that most aged and disabled subway riders have little or no knowledge about emergency safety measures or safety symbols, the administering of first aid and have language barrier concerns. This study recommends that policy makers and subway operators should get the aged and disabled people involved in developing more educational programs that will help them to better the concept of safety prevention measures and it also suggests holding more emergency drills involving the aged and disabled. Braille language symbols, sign languages on TV screens, specially designed subway maps, low-frequency alarms with flashing lights, and information printed in multiple international languages should also be provided to help foreigners understand the instructions and information in the subways. Additionally, these measures could help all commuters to feel safer when using the subway.
Bioterrorism: A storied past and considerations for preparation of emergency managers
Authors: Geiger III, BS Joseph F.
Published: September 2017

No abstract
Opioid receptor antagonists in the treatment of pathological gambling
Authors: Coppola, MD Maurizio , Mondola, MD Raffaella
Published: September 2017

no abstract
Postoperative pain scores and opioid consumption in opioid-dependent patients with cancer after intraoperative remifentanil analgesia: A prospective case-controlled study
Authors: Motamed, MD Cyrus , Audibert, MD Juliette , Albi-Feldzer, MD Aline , Bouroche, MD Gaelle , Jayr, MD, PhD Christian
Published: September 2017

Background: Opioid dependency is becoming increasingly common among surgical patients with cancer, and can lead to inadequate pain relief during the initial postoperative period. No guidelines are currently available for the management of perioperative and postoperative morphine administration in these patients. As a first approach, the authors assessed the opioid requirements of these patients during the early postoperative period.Methods: A group of 35 consecutive surgical patients with cancer on opioid therapy (opioid-dependent group) for cancer pain were compared to a matched group of 44 surgical opioid-naive patients (control group). All patients underwent major head and neck or abdominal surgery. The following parameters were recorded and compared: preoperative and postoperative morphine consumption, patient-controlled analgesia records and Visual Analog Scale scores, intraoperative remifentanil and desflurane consumption, Bispectral Index monitoring values, heart rate, and blood pressure.Results: Remifentanil requirements were significantly higher (1.4-fold) in the opioid-dependent group compared to the control group (p < 0.05). On postoperative day 1, morphine requirements were significantly higher in the opioid-dependent group (2.3-fold) compared to the control group (p < 0.05). Baseline heart rate was significantly higher in the opioid-dependent group and this difference remained significant during surgery, no significant difference in blood pressure was observed between the two groups.Conclusion: This study shows a 40 percent increase of intraoperative remifentanil requirements in opioid-dependent patients during cancer surgery. Morphine requirements during the postoperative period were increased by up to 140 percent.
Impact of opioids on oxidative status and related signaling pathways: An integrated view
Authors: Zahmatkesh, PhD Maryam , Kadkhodaee, PharmD, PhD Mehri , Salarian, MD, PhD student Ali , Seifi, PhD Behjat , Adeli, PhD Soheila
Published: September 2017

Background: Opioids produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) which are highly reactive molecules that damage cells and tissues, and are suggested to contribute to the opioid use disorders. Thus, antioxidant supplementation might improve the disturbance in redox (oxidation-reduction) homeostasis. However, randomized trials on antioxidant therapy have not shown beneficial effects.Objectives: The purpose of this review is to shed lights on the oxidative changes resulting from opioid use and to highlight the unanswered questions regarding oxidative profile in an effort to provide a comprehensive view of different aspects of an efficient antioxidant therapy in clinical settings.Methods: The studies were identified and gathered from the PubMed database over the past 16 years (2000-2016). Our search results were limited to articles in English, both animals and human and in vitro and in vivo studies. A total of 50 full text articles were reviewed and summarized.Results: Opioids elevate the level of ROS and decrease the function of enzymatic antioxidants such as superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase. They increase the risk of vitamin deficiency and modify gene expression of target cells through ROS production. The effects of opioids on their target cells are exerted through different way and various mechanisms.Conclusion: Opioids modulate the redox homeostasis; therefore, understanding the profile of oxidative changes in individuals with opioid use disorder could be of significant benefits in the clinical setting, to help with selection of an efficient antioxidant therapy and diminishing oxidative damage.
Comparing methods of naloxone administration: A narrative review
Authors: Fellows, PharmD Shawn E. , Coppola, BS, EMT-B, PharmD Alexander J. , Gandhi, PharmD Mona A.
Published: September 2017

The effectiveness and safety of naloxone for the reversal of opioid toxicity are reviewed. A literature search was performed using PubMed, the Cochrane Library, CINAHL, and Medline. Clinical trials comparing either the clinical efficacy or pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic properties displayed by intravenous, intramuscular, intranasal, subcutaneous, and nebulized naloxone were included; however, trials with primary endpoints evaluating oral or endotracheal naloxone were excluded. Naloxone was shown to be clinically effective via all routes of administration, when compared to either baseline or control. The inconsistencies in data regarding the relative outcome comparisons between administration methods were likely due to differences in concentrations of naloxone preparations and method of administration for the same route of delivery between different studies. Choice of route depends on the environment in which the opioid toxicity occurs, individual patient characteristics, and provider preference.
International Conference on Opioids, June 11-13, 2017 Photos and Posters
Authors: DeVito, Jr. Richard A.
Published: September 2017

The 2017 International Conference on Opioids (ICOO2017) was held in Boston, June 11-13, 2017 at the Joseph B. Martin Conference Center at Harvard Medical School. Attendees from around the world participated in this two plus day conference that featured renowned speakers from many countries presenting the latest research, ethics, legal and clinical application of opioids. Posters Presented June 11-13, 2017
Effects of purslane (Portulaca oleracea L.) powder on growth performance, blood indices, and antioxidant status in broiler chickens with triiodothyronine-induced ascites
Authors: Habibian Mahmood , Sadeghi Ghorbanali , Karimi Ahmad
Published: September 2017

Abstract. This study was carried out to evaluate the effects of dietary supplementation of purslane powder (PP) on performance, blood indices, and antioxidant status in broilers with triiodothyronine (T3)-induced ascites. In total, 240 one-day-old male broiler chicks (Ross 308) were randomly assigned to four treatments, with four replicates per treatment and 15 birds per replicate. The experimental diets included (i) a control diet, (ii) a control diet plus 1.5 mg kg−1 of T3 (T3 diet), (iii) a T3 diet with the addition of 1.5 g kg−1 of PP, and (iv) a T3 diet with the addition of 3 g kg−1 of PP. Feed intake and body weight were measured at 10, 24, 39, and 49 days of experiment. Blood and liver samples were collected from two birds in each replicate at 24 and 49 days of experiment. The T3-treated birds had higher (P < 0. 05) right ventricle to total ventricle (RV ∕ TV) ratio and mortality due to ascites compared with the control. In addition, during the entire experimental period (0 to 49 days of experiment) the T3-treated birds had lower (P < 0. 05) feed intake, body weight gain, and production efficiency index and higher (P < 0. 05) feed conversion ratio compared with the control. Dietary supplementation of PP reduced (P < 0. 05) mortality due to ascites and RV ∕ TV ratio, while the production efficiency index was increased (P < 0. 05) by the addition of PP to the diet. The T3-treated birds had higher (P < 0. 05) red blood cell counts, hematocrit percentage, and hemoglobin concentration compared with the control at 24 and 49 days of experiment. Dietary supplementation of PP substantially alleviated (P < 0. 05) the negative effects of T3 on hematocrit and hemoglobin values at both 24 and 49 days of experiment and on red blood cells counts at 49 days of experiment. The T3 birds showed an increase (P < 0. 05) in activities of lactate dehydrogenase, alanine aminotransferase, and aspartate aminotransferase at 49 days of experiment. However, the detrimental effect of T3 on alanine aminotransferase activity was attenuated (P < 0. 05) by dietary supplementation of PP. The plasma and liver activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase were lower (P < 0. 05) in T3-treated birds compared with the control at 24 and 49 days of experiment, whereas malondialdehyde concentrations were elevated (P < 0. 05) by dietary T3 administration. Dietary supplementation of PP, especially at 3 g kg−1, increased (P < 0. 05) the plasma and liver activities of antioxidant enzymes, and reduced (P < 0. 05) the plasma and liver concentrations of malondialdehyde near to the control levels. It is concluded that the supplementation of 3 g kg−1 of PP in diet improves oxidative status and reduces ascites incidence in broiler chickens without impairing their growth performance.
Predicting decadal trends in cloud droplet number concentration
using reanalysis and satellite data
Authors: McCoy Daniel T. , Bender Frida A.-M. , Grosvenor Daniel P. , Mohrmann Johannes K. , Hartmann Dennis L. , Wood Robert , Field Paul R.
Published: September 2017

Abstract. Cloud droplet number concentration (CDNC) is the key state variable that moderates the relationship between aerosol and the radiative forcing arising from aerosol-cloud interactions. Uncertainty related to the effect of anthropogenic aerosol on cloud properties represents the largest uncertainty in total anthropogenic radiative forcing. Here we show that regionally-averaged time series of Moderate-Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) observed CDNC are well-predicted by MERRA2 reanalysis near-surface sulfate mass concentration over decadel timescales. A multiple linear regression between MERRA2 reanalysis masses of sulfate (SO4), black carbon (BC), organic carbon (OC), sea salt (SS), and dust (DU) shows that CDNC across many different regimes can be reproduced by a simple power law fit to near-surface SO4, with smaller contributions from BC, OC, SS, and DU. This confirms previous work using a less-sophisticated retrieval of CDNC at monthly time scales. The analysis is supported by examination of remotely-sensed sulfur dioxide (SO2) over maritime volcanoes and the east coasts of North America and Asia, revealing that maritime CDNC responds to changes in SO2 as observed by the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI). This investigation of aerosol reanalysis and top-down remote sensing observations reveals that emission controls in Asia and North America have decreased CDNC in their maritime outflow on a decadal time scale.
Eddy covariance carbonyl sulfide flux measurements with a quantum cascade laser absorption spectrometer
Authors: Gerdel Katharina , Spielmann Felix Maximilian , Hammerle Albin , Wohlfahrt Georg
Published: September 2017

Abstract. The trace gas carbonyl sulfide (COS) has lately received growing interest from the eddy covariance (EC) community due to its potential to serve as an independent approach for constraining gross primary production and canopy stomatal conductance. Thanks to recent developments of fast-response high-precision trace gas analysers (e.g. quantum cascade laser absorption spectrometers, QCLAS), a handful of EC COS flux measurements have been published since 2013. To date, however, a thorough methodological characterisation of QCLAS with regard to the requirements of the EC technique and the necessary processing steps has not been conducted. The objective of this study is to present a detailed characterisation of the COS measurement with the Aerodyne QCLAS in the context of the EC technique and to recommend best EC processing practices for those measurements. Data were collected from May to October 2015 at a temperate mountain grassland in Tyrol, Austria. Analysis of the Allan variance of high-frequency concentration measurements revealed the occurrence of sensor drift under field conditions after an averaging time of around 50 s. We thus explored the use of two high-pass filtering approaches (linear detrending and recursive filtering) as opposed to block averaging and linear interpolation of regular background measurements for covariance computation. Experimental low-pass filtering correction factors were derived from a detailed cospectral analysis. The CO2 and H2O flux measurements obtained with the QCLAS were compared with those obtained with a closed-path infrared gas analyser. Overall, our results suggest small, but systematic differences between the various high-pass filtering scenarios with regard to the fraction of data retained in the quality control and flux magnitudes. When COS and CO2 fluxes are combined in the ecosystem relative uptake rate, systematic differences between the high-pass filtering scenarios largely cancel out, suggesting that this relative metric represents a robust key parameter comparable between studies relying on different post-processing schemes.
Shipborne Wind Measurement and Motion-induced Error Correction by Coherent Doppler Lidar over Yellow Sea in 2014
Authors: Zhai Xiaochun , Wu Songhua , Liu Bingyi , Song Xiaoquan , Yin Jiaping
Published: September 2017

Abstract. Shipborne wind observations by the Coherent Doppler Lidar (CDL) have been conducted to study the structure of the Marine Atmospheric Boundary Layer (MABL) during the 2014 Yellow Sea campaign. This paper evaluates uncertainties associated with the ship motion and presents the correction methodology regarding lidar velocity measurement based on modified 4-Doppler Beam Swing (DBS) solution. The errors of calibrated measurement, both for the anchored and the cruising shipborne observations, are comparable to those of ground-based measurements. The comparison between the lidar and radiosonde gives the bias −0.1 ms−1 and the standard deviation 0.75 ms−1 for the wind speed measurement, and shows the bias and the standard deviation for the wind direction measurement. The biases and random errors of horizontal wind speed are also estimated using the error propagation theory and frequency spectrum analysis, respectively. The results show that the biases are mainly related to the measuring error of the ship velocity, and lidar pointing error and the random errors are mainly determined by the Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) of lidar backscattering spectral signal. It allows for the retrieval of vertical wind, based on one measurement, with random error below 0.15 ms−1 for appropriate SNR threshold and bias below 0.02 ms−1. The combination of the CDL attitude correction system and the accurate motion correction process has the potential of continuous long-term high temporal and spatial resolution measurement for MABL thermodynamic and turbulence process.
Mapping (dis)agreement in hydrologic projections
Authors: Melsen Lieke , Addor Nans , Mizukami Naoki , Newman Andrew , Torfs Paul , Clark Martyn , Uijlenhoet Remko , Teuling Adriaan
Published: September 2017

Abstract. Hydrologic projections are of vital socio-economic importance. Yet, they are also prone to uncertainty. In order to establish a meaningful range of storylines to support water managers in decision making, we need to reveal the relevant sources of uncertainty. Here, we systematically and extensively investigate uncertainty in constrained hydrologic projections for 605 basins throughout the contiguous United States. We show that in the majority of the basins, the sign of change in average annual runoff and discharge timing for the period 2070–2100 compared to 1985–2008 differs among combinations of climate models, hydrologic models, and parameters. Mapping the results revealed that different sources of uncertainty dominate in different regions. Hydrologic model induced uncertainty on the sign of change in mean runoff was related to snow processes and aridity, whereas uncertainty in both mean runoff and discharge timing induced by the climate models was related to disagreement among the models regarding the change in precipitation. Overall, disagreement on the sign of change was more wide-spread for the mean runoff than for the discharge timing. The results demonstrate the need to define a wide range of quantitative hydrologic storylines, including parameter, hydrologic model, and climate model forcing uncertainty, to support water resources planning in defining policy pathways.
Use of reflected GNSS SNR data to retrieve either soil moisture or vegetation height from a wheat crop
Authors: Zhang Sibo , Roussel Nicolas , Boniface Karen , Ha Minh Cuong , Frappart Frédéric , Darrozes José , Baup Frédéric , Calvet Jean-Christophe
Published: September 2017

Abstract. This work aims to estimate soil moisture and vegetation height from Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR) data using direct and reflected signals by the land surface surrounding a ground-based antenna. Observations are collected from a rainfed wheat field in southwestern France. Surface soil moisture is retrieved based on SNR phases estimated by the Least Square Estimation method, assuming the relative antenna height is constant. It is found that vegetation growth breaks up the constant relative antenna height assumption. A vegetation-height retrieval algorithm is proposed using the SNR-dominant period (the peak period in the average power spectrum derived from a wavelet analysis of SNR). Soil moisture and vegetation height are retrieved at different time periods (before and after vegetation's significant growth in March). The retrievals are compared with two independent reference data sets: in situ observations of soil moisture and vegetation height, and numerical simulations of soil moisture, vegetation height and above-ground dry biomass from the ISBA (interactions between soil, biosphere and atmosphere) land surface model. Results show that changes in soil moisture mainly affect the multipath phase of the SNR data (assuming the relative antenna height is constant) with little change in the dominant period of the SNR data, whereas changes in vegetation height are more likely to modulate the SNR-dominant period. Surface volumetric soil moisture can be estimated (R2  =  0.74, RMSE  =  0.009 m3 m−3) when the wheat is smaller than one wavelength (∼ 19 cm). The quality of the estimates markedly decreases when the vegetation height increases. This is because the reflected GNSS signal is less affected by the soil. When vegetation replaces soil as the dominant reflecting surface, a wavelet analysis provides an accurate estimation of the wheat crop height (R2  =  0.98, RMSE  =  6.2 cm). The latter correlates with modeled above-ground dry biomass of the wheat from stem elongation to ripening. It is found that the vegetation height retrievals are sensitive to changes in plant height of at least one wavelength. A simple smoothing of the retrieved plant height allows an excellent matching to in situ observations, and to modeled above-ground dry biomass.
GEOVISUALIZATION FOR SMART VIDEO SURVEILLANCE
Authors: Oves García R. , Valentín L. , Serrano S. A. , Palacios-Alonso M. A. , Enrique Sucar L.
Published: September 2017

Abstract. Nowadays with the emergence of smart cities and the creation of new sensors capable to connect to the network, it is not only possible to monitor the entire infrastructure of a city, including roads, bridges, rail/subways, airports, communications, water, power, but also to optimize its resources, plan its preventive maintenance and monitor security aspects while maximizing services for its citizens. In particular, the security aspect is one of the most important issues due to the need to ensure the safety of people. However, if we want to have a good security system, it is necessary to take into account the way that we are going to present the information. In order to show the amount of information generated by sensing devices in real time in an understandable way, several visualization techniques are proposed for both local (involves sensing devices in a separated way) and global visualization (involves sensing devices as a whole). Taking into consideration that the information is produced and transmitted from a geographic location, the integration of a Geographic Information System to manage and visualize the behavior of data becomes very relevant. With the purpose of facilitating the decision-making process in a security system, we have integrated the visualization techniques and the Geographic Information System to produce a smart security system, based on a cloud computing architecture, to show relevant information about a set of monitored areas with video cameras.
Making Sense for Society
Authors: van der Heide J. J. , Grus M. M. , Nouwens J. C. A. J.
Published: September 2017

Abstract. The Netherlands is a densely populated country. Cities in the metropolitan area (Randstad) will be growing at a fast pace in the coming decades1. Cities like Amsterdam and Rotterdam are being overrun by tourists. Climate change effects are noticed in cities (heavy rains for instance). Call for circular economy rises. Traffic increases. People are more self-reliant. Public space is shared by many functions. These challenges call for smart answers, more specific and directly than ever before. Sensor data is a cornerstone of these answers. In this paper we’ll discuss the approaches of Dutch initiatives using sensor data as the new language to live a happy life in our cities. Those initiatives have been bundled in a knowledge platform called “Making sense for society” 1 https://www.cbs.nl/nl-nl/nieuws/2016/37/pbl-cbs-prognose-groei-steden-zet-door (in dutch)
SOCIAL MEDIA PARTICIPATION IN URBAN PLANNING: A NEW WAY TO INTERACT AND TAKE DECISIONS
Authors: López-Ornelas E. , Abascal-Mena R. , Zepeda-Hernández S.
Published: September 2017

Abstract. Social Media Participation can be very important when you have to make an important decision about a topic related to urban planning. Textual analysis to identify the sentiment about a topic or, community detection and user analysis to identify the actors involved on a discussion can be very important for the persons or institutions that have to take an important decision. In this paper we propose a methodological design to analyse participation in social media. We study the installation of a new airport in Mexico City as a case of study to highlight the importance of conducting a study of this nature.
PLACE-MAKING: AN APPROACH TO THE RATIONALE BEHIND THE LOCATION CHOICE OF POWER PLACES. IOWA STATE UNIVERSITY CAMPUS AS CASE STUDY
Authors: Poplin A. , Yamu C. , Rico-Gutierrez L.
Published: September 2017

Abstract. This paper concentrates on power places as perceived by the students in a 60,000 people college town in the United States. Power places are favourite outdoor locations that evoke positive emotions, and are conducive to relaxation and reduction of stress. Further understanding how location affects those places and the feelings of students will help planners and designers be more intentional as they create conditions favourable to the development of cities that are healthy, sustainable, resilient and smart. Research methodologies used in this paper include empirical cartography, mapping and space syntax. We conclude the paper with a discussion of the presented results and further research directions.