bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PEMBERDAYAAN KADER SEBAGAI UPAYA PENANGANAN ANEMIA PADA IBU HAMIL DENGAN PEMANFAATAN BAYAM MERAH DI KAMPUNG BIMA SAKTI KABUPATEN WAY KANAN
Authors: Evrianasari Nita , Anggraini Anggraini , Zulaikha Siti
Published: December 2024

Anemia adalah penurunan jumlah sel darah merah atau penurunan konsentrasi hemoglobin didalam sirkulasi darah. Kadar hemoglobin kurang dari 12 gram/dl untuk wanita tidak hamil dan kurang dari 11 gram/dl untuk wanita hamil. Anemia dalam kehamilan adalah kondisi ibu dengan kadar hemoglobin dibawah 11gr % pada trimester 1 dan 3 atau kadar <10,5 gr % pada trimester 2, nilai batas tersebut dan perbedaannya dengan kondisi wanita tidak hamil adalah terjadi karena hemodilusi, terutama pada trimester.Tujuan dari inovasi ini adalah pembentukan dan peningkatan ketrampilan kader pendamping ibu hamil anemia dengan pemanfaatan bayam merah untuk meningkatkan kadar hemoglobin ibu hamil.Metode kegiatan ini dilaksanakan di kampung Bima Sakti kecamatan Negeri Besar kabupaten Way Kanan. Kegiatan inovasi ini dilakukan dengan cara mengundang ibu kader kelas ibu hamil dengan cara memberi penjelasan berupa penyuluhan tentang anemia dan mendemonstrasikan cara membuat olahan bayam merah dan pemberian BUKUPENA (buku saku penanganan anemia) pada tanggal 20 Juni 2024 di Balai Kampung Bima Sakti.Terdapat peningkatan pengetahuan kader kelas ibu hamil sebagai pendamping ibu hamil anemia. Sebelum dilakukan penyuluhan tingkat pengetahuan peserta menjawab kuestioner rata-rata 60 % dari 10 soal yang diberikan setelah diberikan penyuluhan menjadi 85%.Pemberdayaan kader memiliki dampak positif terhadap pemanfaatan bayam merah sebagai untuk membantu dalam penanganan ibu hamil yang mengalami anemia dengan pemanfaatan bayam merah untuk meningkatkan kadar hemoglobin. Kata kunci     : Ibu Hamil, Anemia, Bayam Merah, Pemberdayaan Kader.
Implementasi Prenatal Yoga menggunakan Gym Ball untuk Mengurangi Low Back Pain Pada Kehamilan
Authors: Ermasari Anissa , Evrianasari Nita , Winarno Rudi
Published: December 2024

ABSTRAKPendahuluan: Tingginya prevalensi Low Back Pain (LBP) pada kehamilan berkisar antara 24% hingga 90%. LBP merupakan salah satu ketidaknyamanan akibat perubahan fisiologis pada kehamilan, rasa nyeri akan semangkin meningkat seiring bertambahnya usia kehamilan. Hal tersebut dapat berdampak pada penurunan mobilitas fisik, penurunan kualitas tidur, isolasi sosial dan reaksi emosional, serta peningkatan stress psikologis. Prenatal yoga merupakan salah satu penangan non farmakologi yang dapat diberikan untuk mengurangi LBP dengan cara memperkuat otot punggung, meningkatkan fleksibilitas, memperbaiki postur tubuh, dan membantu tubuh lebih relaks, serta minim efek samping bagi kehamilan. Tujuan: Pengabdian masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk mengimplementasikan prenatal yoga sebagai upaya untuk menangani LBP pada kehamilan. Metode yang digunakan melibatkan pretest dan postest mengenai persepsi nyeri, penyuluhan dengan penyampaian materi LBP dan prenatal yoga, serta diikuti dengan demonstrasi gerakan prenatal yoga yang dipandu instruktur berlisensi. Hasil kegiatan ini menunjukkan bahwa ibu hamil mengalami penurunan intensitas nyeri punggung bawah setelah mengikuti sesi prenatal yoga dengan gymball, yang membantu mengurangi ketegangan otot, meningkatkan fleksibilitas, dan memperbaiki postur tubuh. Kesimpulan: Prenatal yoga dengan gymball efektif mengurangi LBP pada ibu hamil, sekaligus meningkatkan keseimbangan, fleksibilitas, dan kesejahteraan psikologis, menjadikannya alternatif aman dan holistik untuk manajemen nyeri.
SOSIALISASI MANFAAT TERAPI AIR SERAI HANGAT UNTUK MENGURANGI NYERI RHEMATOID ATRITIS DI DESA SUKAJAYA LEMPASING PESAWARAN
Authors: Marlena Marlena , Rilyani Rilyani , Gunawan Ricko , Wandini Riska
Published: December 2024

Artritis Reumatoid (AR) merupakan penyakit reumatik autoimun yang paling sering dijumpai dan merupakan penyakit dengan inflamasi kronik yang progresif dan menimbulkan kerusakan sendi yang permanen. Berdasarkan data prevalensi artritis di Indonesia pada kelompk usia 55-64 tahun sebanyak 45%, meningkat pada usia 65-74 tahun sebanyak 51,9 dan pada usia lebih dari 75 tahun sebanyak 54,8% (Kemenkes RI, 2021). Penyakit rheumatoid arthritis baiknya tidak dibiarkan, karena akan merusak sendi yang menimbulkan nyeri hebat. Salah satu tindakan yang terbukti efektif untuk mengurangi nyeri secara non-farmakologi adalah dengan menghangatkan persendian yang sakit. Tanaman yang memiliki zat sebagai penghangat, anti radang dan dapat memperlancarkan aliran darah seperti serai. Tujuan telah dilakukan asuhan keperawatan pada pasien lansia dengan gangguan rhematoid atritis menggunakan terapi air serai hangat. Pengabdian ini dilakukan pada bulan Juni 2024. Kepada lansia sebanyak 10 orang,metode penyuluhan menggunakan metode ceramah dan demonstrasi selama 50 menit ,hasil kegiatan pengabdian ini terjadi peningkatan pengetahuan sebanyak 40 % .
EDUKASI DAN KETERLIBATAN SUAMI DALAM MENGURANGI NYERI POST SECTIO CAESAREA (SC) DENGAN METODE TEKNIK RELAKSASI PERNAFASAN DALAM
Authors: Amran Husna Farianti , Suryani Linda
Published: December 2024

Pembedahan dengan Sectio Caesarea dapat menyebabkan terjadinya nyeri pasca persalinan. Penanganan nyeri persalinan dapat dengan berbagai metode, baik farmakologi maupun non farmakologi. Teknik relaksasi nafas dalam dapat mengurangi nyeri dengan mengendalikan dan mengembalikan emosi yang akan membuat tubuh menjadi rileks. Tujuan kegiatan adalah Masyarakat khususnya ibu yang menjalani persalinan dengan Sectio Caesarea dapat menerapkan teknik rekasasi nafas dalam sebagai bentuk teknik sederhana yang efektif dan efisien dan tanpa efek samping untuk mengurangi nyeri pasca persalinan SC. Kegiatan telah dilaksanakan pada bulan Oktober 2024. Kegiatan yang dilakukan Pada 16 orang ibu, berupa pemberian edukasi tentang Teknik relaksasi nafas dalam dan mempraktikkan langsung kepada ibu pasca persalinan SC serta melibatkan suami untuk membantu ibu menerapkan teknik relaksasi nafas dalam tersebut. Kegiatan ini memberikan dampak positif yang dapat dilihat dari adanya penurunan nyeri pasca persalinan SC. Oleh sebab itu diharapkan petugas Kesehatan khususnya di ruang perawatan nifas dapat menerapkan Teknik relaksasi nafas dalam tersebut sebagai upaya penurunan nyeri pasca persalinan SC.
GERAKAN SERENTAK PEMANFAATAN KELOR DALAM UPAYA MENCEGAH STUNTING
Authors: Parina Febriyantina , Fitria Fitria , Hamzah Zarma , Hatta Muhammad
Published: December 2024

Malnutrisi pada anak di bawah usia 5 tahun telah lama menjadi masalah kesehatan masyarakat. Masalah gizi seringkali disebabkan oleh dua faktor utama yaitu penyakit infeksi dan rendahnya asupan gizi akibat kurangnya makanan dalam rumah tangga atau orang tua yang miskin. Masalah gizi buruk dan gizi buruk pada anak di bawah 5 tahun merupakan masalah yang perlu dipecahkan . Salah satu cara untuk mengatasi kekurangan gizi yang terjadi pada balita perlu diselanggarakan Pemberian Makanan Tambahan (PMT). Pemberian PMT merupakan salah satu upaya untuk meningkatkan status gizi balita . PMT ini untuk anak usia 6- 59 bulan.Tujuan dari inovasi ini adalah meningkatkan kesadaran dan pemahaman masyarakat terkhusus para Ibu memiliki balita BGT  tentang upaya mencegah stunting.Metode kegiatan ini dilaksanakan di Desa Rawa Selapan kecamatan Candipuro Kabupaten Lampung Selatan. Kegiatan inovasi ini dilakukan dengan cara mengundang bidan kelurahan, kader, ibu memiliki balita BGT dengan cara memberi penjelasan berupa penyuluhan tentang stunting dan mendemonstrasikan cara membuat olahan makanan puding Kelor pada tanggal 01 Juli 2024 di Desa Rawa Selapan Candipuro  Kabupaten Lampung Selatan.Terdapat peningkatan pengetahuan ibu tentang upaya pencegahan stunting dan manfaat daun kelor untuk pencegahan stunting dan peningkatan keterampilan ibu balita BGT  membuat pudding daun kelor ditandai dengan adanya ibu balita BGT  yang membuat pudding daun kelor untuk anak baduta dan untuk mereka konsumsi.Diharakan tenaga kesehatan dapat melakukan sosialisasi tentang makanan tambahan yang baik bagi bayi balita sejak masa kehamilan sehingga ibu dapat terus membrikan makanan yang baik untuk anak. Kata kunci : Ibu balita BGT, Stunting, Kelor, Pemberdayaan Kader.
SOSIALISASI PEMANFAATAN TANAMAN OBAT KELUARGA BERDASAR KHAZANAH LOKAL DI PEKON SIDOKATON KECAMATAN GISTING KABUPATEN TANGGAMUS LAMPUNG
Authors: Nusantari Candra Saka , Retnaningsih Agustina , Winahyu Diah Astika , Wulandari Shinta
Published: December 2024

Pekon Sidokaton di Kabupaten Tanggamus, Lampung, memiliki kekayaan alam yang melimpah, termasuk tanaman obat keluarga (TOGA) yang telah lama digunakan secara turun-temurun. Sayangnya, pengetahuan tentang pemanfaatan TOGA berdasarkan khazanah lokal semakin tergerus oleh perkembangan zaman dan minimnya upaya pelestarian. Program pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk mengedukasi warga mengenai identifikasi, pengolahan, dan pemanfaatan TOGA sesuai dengan nilai-nilai tradisional yang diwariskan oleh leluhur. Kegiatan dilakukan melalui serangkaian penyuluhan, pelatihan praktis, dan pendampingan berbasis partisipasi masyarakat. Metode yang diterapkan meliputi wawancara dengan tokoh adat dan praktisi kesehatan lokal, observasi lapangan, serta demonstrasi pengolahan TOGA menjadi produk herbal sederhana seperti jamu, minyak oles, dan teh kesehatan. Melalui program ini, diharapkan terjadi pelestarian khazanah lokal, peningkatan kesadaran kesehatan berbasis alami, dan penguatan ekonomi masyarakat. Pendekatan berbasis budaya lokal terbukti efektif dalam membangun rasa memiliki dan tanggung jawab masyarakat terhadap warisan tradisional mereka.
EDUKASI BERSALIN DI FASILITAS PELAYANAN KESEHATAN DI KELAS IBU HAMIL DESA CIBEUTEUNG MUARA, KEC CISEENG KABUPATEN BOGOR
Authors: Rochmawati Rochmawati , Ningsih Sri Rahayu , Zulyani Febriyanti , Suhartini Sri Mukti
Published: December 2024

Masalah kelahiran menewaskan 800 wanita setiap hari pada tahun 2020, satu orang setiap dua menit. Estimasi global mengungkapkan 287.000 kematian ibu pada tahun itu. Akses terhadap perawatan kesehatan merupakan masalah utama dalam kesehatan ibu, khususnya di negara-negara miskin seperti Indonesia yang tidak memiliki sistem asuransi kesehatan nasional (WHO, 2023). Kabupaten terpadat di Indonesia, Bogor, memiliki 101 klinik kesehatan di 40 kecamatan. Angka kematian ibu (AKI) tahun 2020 di Kabupaten Bogor adalah 79,41 per 100.000 kelahiran hidup, jauh di atas target tahunan sebesar 50. Target RPJMD pada tahun 2023 adalah menurunkan AKI menjadi 35 kematian ibu. Bidan berperan krusial dalam memfasilitasi layanan persalinan, memberikan edukasi dan konseling untuk kesehatan ibu dan anak, serta mendeteksi kasus yang memerlukan rujukan, terutama di daerah pedesaan. Program pengabdian masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk memberikan pendidikan kepada ibu hamil, kader, dan keluarga tentang pentingnya melahirkan di fasilitas kesehatan guna mencegah kematian akibat keterlambatan dalam penanganan situasi darurat. Kegiatan yang diikuti oleh 17 ibu hamil dan kader ini menunjukkan peningkatan pengetahuan. Sebelum edukasi, sebagian besar peserta berada pada tingkat pengetahuan cukup, namun setelahnya, mayoritas peserta mencapai tingkat pengetahuan baik. Dengan adanya program ini, diharapkan ibu dan kader akan lebih memilih untuk melahirkan di fasilitas kesehatan, sehingga dapat berkontribusi pada penurunan angka kematian ibu (AKI).
Air pollution, residential greenspace, and the risk of incident immune thrombocytopenic purpura: a prospective cohort study of 356,482 participants
Authors: Luo Peiyang , Wang Feifan , Ying Jiacheng , Liu Ke , Hua Baojie , Chen Shuhui , Li Jiayu , Sun Xiaohui , Ye Ding , Ye Baodong , Tong Jinyi , Shao Keding , Mao Yingying
Published: December 2024

This study investigated the associations of air pollution and residential greenspace with immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) risk, along with their combined effects, in a cohort of 356,482 UK Biobank participants free of ITP at baseline. Ambient PM2.5, PMcoarse, PM10, NO2, and NOx exposures were estimated by land-use regression models and residential greenspace was calculated using land use data, defined as the percentage of outdoor greenspace surrounding each participant's home location. The hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated by using Cox proportional hazard models, and non-linear relationships were assessed using restricted cubic spline (RCS) curves. A total of 500 incident ITP cases were diagnosed during a median follow-up of 13.54 years. Long-term exposure to high ambient concentrations of PM2.5 (HR = 1.15, 95% CI: 1.04-1.28, P = 0.007), NO2 (HR = 1.23, 95% CI: 1.10-1.37, P = 1.83×10-4), and NOx (HR = 1.12, 95% CI: 1.03-1.21, P = 0.011), as well as low residential greenspace (HR = 0.77, 95% CI: 0.67-0.87, P = 7.96×10-5), were associated with an increased risk of ITP. RCS curve revealed a non-linear relationship of PM10 and NOx with ITP risk (P for non-linearity: 0.003 for PM10 and 0.030 for NOx). Participants with high air pollution and low residential greenspace had the highest risk of ITP, though no evidence of mediation or interaction effects were observed. In conclusion, long-term exposure to ambient PM2.5, PM10, NO2 and NOx may increase ITP risk, whereas residential greenspace may decrease this risk.
Hubungan antara Self Esteem dan Religiusitas terhadap Celebrity Worship pada deman K-Pop di Kalangan Remaja
Authors: Risqiya Lutfiyatur , Widjanarko Mochamad
Published: December 2024

This study is motivated by the increasing phenomenon of adolescents excessively idolizing K-POP boybands, influenced by several factors, including self-esteem and religiosity. The purpose of this research is to empirically examine the relationship between self-esteem and religiosity on celebrity worship among K-POP-loving adolescents. The population of this study comprises K-POP fans aged 15-23 years, with a quota sampling technique involving 150 participants. The study adopts a quantitative approach using correlation methods. Data collection instruments include the celebrity worship scale, self-esteem scale, and religiosity scale. The data analysis results indicate a coefficient value of R = 0.188, F = 2.071, and p = 0.004 (p 0.05). The findings conclude that self-esteem and religiosity together have a significant relationship with celebrity worship among K-POP-loving adolescents. These results suggest that higher levels of self-esteem and religiosity are associated with lower tendencies for excessive celebrity worship. This study contributes to understanding the psychological and spiritual factors influencing adolescent behavior towards their idols.Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh maraknya fenomena remaja yang memuja boyband K-POP secara berlebihan, dengan beberapa faktor yang mempengaruhinya antara lain self esteem dan religiusitas. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui secara empiris hubungan antara self esteem dan religiusitas terhadap celebrity worship pada remaja pencinta K-POP. Populasi penelitian ini adalah remaja pencinta K-POP yang berusia 15-23 tahun, dengan teknik pengambilan sampel kuota yang melibatkan 150 remaja. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan metode korelasi. Alat pengumpulan data berupa skala celebrity worship, skala self esteem, dan skala religiusitas. Hasil analisis data menunjukkan nilai koefisien R = 0,188, F = 2,071, dan p = 0,004 (p 0,05). Hasil penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa self esteem dan religiusitas secara bersama-sama memiliki hubungan yang signifikan terhadap celebrity worship pada remaja penggemar K-POP. Hasil ini mengindikasikan bahwa semakin tinggi tingkat self esteem dan religiusitas remaja, semakin rendah kecenderungan mereka untuk melakukan celebrity worship secara berlebihan. Temuan ini memberikan kontribusi dalam memahami faktor psikologis dan spiritual yang dapat memengaruhi pola perilaku remaja terhadap idola mereka.
PENERAPAN MODELPROBLEM BASED LEARNING BERBANTU LKPD UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN BERPIKIR KRITIS PESERTA DIDIK DI SMA NEGERI 4 KOTA BENGKULU
Authors: Denti Emilia , Putri Desy H , Purwanto Andik
Published: December 2024

ABSTRAK
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan pengaruh,, besar pengaruh dan respon peserta didik terhadap penerpan model prolem based learning berbantu LKPD terhadap kemampuan berpikir kritis peserta didik di SMA Negeri 4 Kota Bengkulu, jumlah sampel pada penelitian ini sebanyak 66 siswa yang diambil melalui teknik random sampling. Adapun jenis penelitian ini quasi experiment dengan menggunakan rancangan pretes  t-posttest control group design. Adapun instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah tes kemampuan berpikir kritis dan angket respon peserta didik. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa penerapan model problem based leaning berbantuan LKPD berdasarkan uji sampel t-tes memperoleh nilai signifikansi 0,000 ≤ 0,05 yang menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan kemampuan berpikir kritis antara kelas kontrol dan kelas eksperimen, berdasarkan perhitungan effect size didapatkan hasil 1,13 yang dikategorikan tinggi. Serta respon peserta didik terhadap penerapan model problem based learning untuk meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir kritis peserta didik didapatkan persentase sebesar 76% dalam kategori sangat baik. Berdasarkan hasil beberapa uji diatas dapat disimpulkan bahwa penerapan model problem based learning berbantu LKPD dapat meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir kritis peserta didik.
Kata kunci : model problem based learning, LKPD, kemampuan berpikir kritis
 
ABSTRACT
This research aims to describe the influence, influence and response of students to the application of the problem based learning model assisted by LKPD on students' critical thinking abilities at SMA Negeri 4 Bengkulu City. The population of this study were students of class XI MIPA SMA Negeri 4 Bengkulu City. The total sample in this study was 66 students taken using random sampling techniques. This type of research is a quasi experiment using a pretest t-posttest control group design. The instruments used in this research were critical thinking ability tests and student response questionnaires. The results of this research show that the application of the problem based leaning model assisted by LKPD based on the sample t-test obtained a significance value of 0.000 ≤ 0.05 which shows that there is a difference in critical thinking abilities between the control class and the experimental class, based on the effect size calculation the results were 1, 13 are categorized as high. As well as students' responses to the application of the problem based learning model to improve students' critical thinking skills, a percentage of 76% was obtained in the very good category. Based on the results of several tests above, it can be concluded that the application of the problem based learning model assisted by LKPD can improve students' critical thinking abilities.
Keywords: Problem Based Learning Model, LKPD, Critical Thinking Skills.
PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN INTERAKTIF BERBASIS ADOBE FLASH UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA SMA KELAS XI PADA MATERI VEKTOR
Authors: Saputra Rizki T , Setiawan Iwan , Medriati Rosane
Published: December 2024

ABSTRAK
 Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menghasilkan produk media pembelajaran Interaktif berbasis Adobe Flash, mendeskripsikan respon siswa terhadap media pembelajaran, dan meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa pada materi vektor,. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah Research and Development dengan menerapkan model ADDIE. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah angket, observasi, wawancara dan tes peningkatan hasil belajar. Hasil dari penelitian ini didapatkan bahwa hasil uji produk media pembelajaran Interaktif berbasis Adobe Flash yang dikembangkan sangat layak dengan presentase rata-rata (84,89%). Hasil uji Respon siswa terhadapat produk media pembelajaran Interaktif berbasis Adobe Flash yang dikembangkan sangat baik dengan presentase rata-rata (85,15%) peningkatkan hasil belajara siswa pada materi vektor dengan media pembelajaran Interaktif berbasis Adobe Flash yang didapatakan dari hasil perhitungan N-Gain yang berupa skor Pretest dan Postest dikategori tinggi dengan hasil 0,76. Berdasarkan penelitian yang telah di lakukan dapat disimpulkan yaitu 1) Produk media pembelajaran Interaktif berbasis Adobe Flash yang dikembangkan sangat layak untuk diuji cobakan 2) Produk media pemebelajaran yang dikembangkan meningkatan hasil belajar siswa yang tinggi, 3) Respon siswa terhadap media pembelajaran yang dikembangkan sangat baik.
Kata kunci : Adobe Flash, Interaktif, Hasil Belajar, Vektor
 
 
ABSTRACT
 The objectives of this research are to produce interactive learning media products based on Adobe Flash, and to describe student responses to learning media and to improve student learning outcomes on vector material. The research method used is Research and Development by applying the ADDIE model. The instruments used in this research were questionnaires, observations, interviews and tests to improve learning outcomes. The results of this research showed that the test results for the interactive learning media products based on Adobe Flash that were developed were very feasible with an average percentage (84.89%). Test results: Student responses to the interactive learning media products based on Adobe Flash which were developed were very good with an average percentage (85.15%) of increasing student learning outcomes on vector material with interactive learning media based on Adobe Flash which was obtained from the results of the N-Gain calculation. In the form of Pretest and Posttest scores in the high category with a result of 0.76. Based on the research that has been carried out, it can be concluded that 1) The interactive learning media products based on Adobe Flash that have been developed are very suitable for testing. 2) The learning media products that have been developed have increased student learning outcomes, 3) The response of students to the learning media that has been developed is very good.
Keywords: Adobe Flash, Interactive, Learning Outcomes, Vectors
İslâmî Finans İlkeleri Çerçevesinde Akıllı Sözleşmeler -İcâre Temelli Azalan Müşâreke Sözleşmesi Özelinde-
Authors: Şahin Nurten Zeliha
Published: December 2024

Blokzincir teknolojisindeki gelişme ile birlikte gelen blokzincir tabanlı akıllı sözleşme, edimlerin manuel ifâ edildiği sözleşme tipinden önceden kodlandığı şekli ile kendi kendine ifâ eden bir sözleşmeye geçişi getirmesiyle sözleşme mantığında yeni bir perspektif açmıştır. Bu çalışmada icâre temelli müşâreke akdi örneklem alınarak edim yükümlülüklerin akıllı sözleşmede ifâ edilebilirliğinin somutlaştırılabilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Çünkü bu sözleşme sürece yayılmış edim yükümlükleri bulunan bir sözleşmedir. Akıllı sözleşme ise birden fazla kişi veya kurumu aynı mutabakat algoritması üzerinde toplayarak sürecin birlikte yönetilebilirliğini getirmektedir. Akıllı sözleşmelerin nasıl uygulanacağı ile ilgili teoriler yapılmakla birlikte her sözleşme özelinde nasıl uygulanabileceğine dair derinlemesine analizlere ihtiyaç vardır. Çalışma bu bağlamda İslâmî finans ilkeleri çerçevesinde akıllı sözleşmelerin uygulanabilirliği ile ilgili genel bir değerlendirmeyi içermektedir. Bu değerlendirmelerde akıllı sözleşmelerin İslâmî finansta uygulanabilirliği açısından İslami Finans Kuruluşları Muhasebe ve Denetim Kuruluşunun (AAOIFI) İslâmî finans için belirlediği standartlar temel alınmıştır. Ayrıca icâre temelli azalan müşâreke akdinin akıllı sözleşmeye aktarılması ile ilgili teknik açıdan hangi tercihlerin yapılabileceği ve hangi edim yükümlülüklerinin akıllı sözleşmeye aktarılabileceği çalışma bağlamında ele alınan hususlardan olmuştur. Özellikle akıllı sözleşmenin bir akdi sahih kılan unsurları taşıyıp taşımadığı değerlendirmeye konu edinilmesinde klasik kaynaklar temel alınmakla birlikte akıllı sözleşme, dijitalleşme ile gelen bir konu olduğundan bu bağlamda modern kaynaklardan faydalanılmıştır. Sonuç olarak, azalan müşâreke akdinde ödenecek taksitlerin sabit olması, kripto varlıkların ise değerindeki belirsizlik, bu sabitenin nasıl sağlanacağı ile ilgili çalışmalara daha çok ihtiyaç olduğunu ortaya koymuştur. Ayrıca henüz emekleme aşamasında bir teknoloji olduğu için sözleşmelerin tek tek ele alınarak nasıl uyarlanabilirliği üzerinde durulursa İslâmî finansta akıllı sözleşmelerin entegrasyonunun daha hızlı olacağı bu çalışma bağlamında söylenebilir.
Advances in Atopic Dermatitis and Chronic Hand Eczema: Delgocitinib and Tralokinumab
Authors: Armstrong April , Augustin Matthias , Bauer Andrea , Bissonnette Robert , Blauvelt Andrew , Butler Daniel , Cohen David , Ehst Benjamin , Giménez-Arnau Ana Maria , Gooderham Melinda , Lio Peter , Pezzolo Elena , Serra-Baldrich Esther , Thaçi Diamant , Yu JiaDe
Published: December 2024

This article summarizes selected poster presentations from the 2024 Fall Clinical Dermatology Conference (FCDC), with a focus on updated data for tralokinumab in atopic dermatitis (AD) and delgocitinib cream in chronic hand eczema (CHE), and how these treatments could tackle unmet needs.

Presentations on the IL-13 receptor inhibitor tralokinumab included final data from the long-term, open-label extension study ECZTEND, of patients with moderate-to-severe AD exposed to tralokinumab for up to 6 years, as well as evaluations of the treatment’s long-term safety and efficacy in patients aged ≥65 years. An indirect comparison of tralokinumab and lebrikizumab indicated their efficacy was similarly maintained over 1 year. Real-world data for tralokinumab in AD were presented from several studies, including three interim analyses of the TRACE study, which assessed tralokinumab efficacy in AD on specific regions of the body.

Delgocitinib cream is a topical pan-JAK inhibitor recently approved in the EU for moderate-to-severe CHE in adults for whom topical corticosteroids (TCS) are inadequate or inappropriate. Several posters presented data from a pooled post hoc analysis of Phase III trials DELTA 1 and DELTA 2, demonstrating that delgocitinib led to meaningful improvements in clinical signs and patient-reported outcomes, and was well-tolerated over 16 weeks of treatment. One poster showed that twice-daily application of delgocitinib cream 20 mg/g for 16 weeks resulted in minimal systemic exposure, and two reported favorable efficacy and safety of delgocitinib compared with systemic therapies, including data from the DELTA FORCE trial. Overall, presented data supported the benefits of delgocitinib as an efficacious and well-tolerated topical treatment in a patient population that faces a high disease burden and has unmet treatment needs.
Slow and steady wins the race? Consolidating new vocabulary in childhood and adulthood
Authors: James Emma
Published: December 2024

It is widely believed that children excel at language learning, yet adults consistently outperform children in the lab. This talk will present a series of studies to show that while adults encode novel words very rapidly, children show greater gains in memory performance by later tests. These findings will be interpreted within a complementary learning systems framework (Davis & Gaskell, 2009; McClelland et al., 2020), which distinguishes between rapid hippocampal-based encoding processes and slower consolidation into long-term knowledge. I will consider the proposal that prior knowledge and sleep-associated mechanisms differentially support consolidation at different stages of development, and discuss how this shift could account for language learning differences from childhood to adulthood.
Language Sciences Annual Symposium 2024 - Poster Slam Part 2
Authors: Arlett Richard
Published: December 2024

In the poster slam, poster presenters have one minute and one slide to tell the audience about their poster. Chaired by Mila Marcheva, from University of Cambridge Department of Computer Science and Technology.
Biomechanical assessment of Kirschner wires integrated with a novel external fixation device for treatment of pediatric supracondylar humeral fracture: a finite element analysis
Authors: Lu Yu-Hsin , Tai Ching-Lung , Lee Wei-Chun , Wang Si-Yao , Mao Chi-Yu , Yang Wen-E. , Chang Chia-Hsieh , Kao Hsuan-Kai
Published: December 2024

Background

Pediatric supracondylar humeral fractures present considerable surgical challenges due to the difficulty of achieving proper fracture alignment and stable fixation while avoiding injury to the ulnar nerve. This study assesses the biomechanical performance of a novel Kirschner wire (K-wire) fixation device (KFD), designed to enhance stability and reduce complications linked to traditional K-wire configurations.

Methods

Using finite element analysis (FEA), we evaluated four fixation strategies for treatment of pediatric supracondylar humeral simple transverse fractures: crossed pin fixation, crossed pin fixation with KFD, two lateral pin fixation, and two lateral pin fixation with KFD, under various mechanical loads. The analysis focused on the stress and strain experienced by the K-wires at the fracture site during torsional and bending forces.

Results

FEA revealed that the KFD significantly reduced the stress and strain on the K-wires in all configurations. In both crossed pin and two lateral pin fixation methods, the addition of the KFD showed lower stress and strain levels compared to setups without the KFD.

Conclusion

This study demonstrates the potential of the KFD to enhance fracture stability and reduce mechanical stress at the fracture site, suggesting a promising improvement in the treatment of pediatric supracondylar humeral fractures. This innovation may contribute to safer and more reliable outcomes in pediatric orthopedic surgery.
Cohort-based learning to transform learning in graduate public health: key qualitative findings from a pilot study
Authors: Akhtar Sumreen , Gao Yi , Keshwani Ariz , Neubauer Leah C.
Published: December 2024

In recent years, the idea that cohorts can prepare public health students for successful careers and professional development has been increasingly studied by researchers and educators. Previous literature suggests that cohorts can improve learning outcomes by providing students with mentorship and higher-order thinking assignments that model the real world and 21st century competencies—e.g. collaborative assignments, writing-intensive courses, and enrichment activities. The objective of this study is to explore the impacts of cohort-based learning on graduate student educational outcomes. The cohort structure can create a sense of collaboration and support, which in turn may maximize student success, engagement, and content retention. For the purposes of this study, MPH alumni (n = 13) who participated in a cohort model in a graduate global public health class provided insightful reflections through a qualitative survey. Responses via the survey indicated that cohort-based learning allowed students to feel more connected to the program and each other, fostering a collaborative and welcoming environment in the classroom. This was useful in developing critical thinking skills, greater learning experiences, and the ability to work in a variety of communities as reported by the participants, reflecting today's rapidly evolving society. Overall, alumni reported a positive experience with their cohort model, emphasizing more diversity in learning and thinking, personal enrichment, and professional development, which is consistent with the literature. This paper expands the knowledge on the utility and implications of cohort learning, a high-impact practice, in academic public health.
Tocilizumab in combination with corticosteroids: potential for managing cancer cachexia with systemic hyperinflammation
Authors: Chen Ping , Wang Dingyi , Zhan Zhouwei , Chen Ling , Chen Yu
Published: December 2024

Background

Cachexia is a leading cause of death among individuals with advanced cancer, yet effective pharmacological treatments are lacking. In this single-center retrospective study, we aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of tocilizumab for the treatment of cancer cachexia accompanied by systemic hyperinflammation.

Methods

Data were collected from 20 patients treated with tocilizumab and a control group of 20 patients matched for age, sex, and comorbidities. Both groups received corticosteroids. In the tocilizumab treatment group, patients received a single dose of tocilizumab (8 mg/kg, maximum 800 mg) in combination with corticosteroids. Weight, body mass index, liver metastasis, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group score, patient-generated subjective global assessments, the Anorexia/Cachexia Subscale of the Functional Assessment of Anorexia/Cachexia Therapy, handgrip strength, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, and the C-reactive protein, hemoglobin, prealbumin, and albumin levels were recorded in both groups.

Results

Tocilizumab treatment favorably influenced the levels of patient biomarkers (p<0.05), ameliorated systemic inflammation, and demonstrated enhanced clinical short-term efficacy compared to the control group, including rates of symptomatic relief (60% vs. 20%, p = 0.024), improvement of serum PAB and ALB (70% vs. 25%, p = 0.004), weight gain >2% (45% vs. 15%, p = 0.038), and improvement of grip strength and 6-m walk speed (p<0.05). Treatment with tocilizumab was generally safe, with no observed increase in infection rates (10% vs. 15%, p = 0.633) or intensive care unit admissions (10% vs. 25%, p = 0.405), and was more favorable for restarting antitumor therapy (70% vs. 35%, p = 0.027).

Conclusions

Tocilizumab, in combination with corticosteroids, is favorable for alleviating cancer cachexia with systemic hyperinflammation, despite the small sample size. Thus, this combination holds great potential as a novel strategy for treating cancer cachexia with systemic hyperinflammation.
A rapid liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry based method for the detection of Tet(X) resistance gene in Enterobacteriaceae
Authors: Zhang Liyun , Xie Jie , Qu Ziyu , Duan Duan , Liu Chujun , Zhang Di , Jiang Haiyang , Dai Xinhua , Jiang You , Fang Xiang , Wu Congming
Published: December 2024

There is a major public health threat posed by antibiotic resistance around the world. Tigecycline overcomes the resistance mechanisms of traditional tetracyclines and is often seen as the final resort in combating infections caused by bacteria resistant to multiple drugs. However, the introduction of new mobile tet(X) tetracycline destructases is leading to a notable rise in tigecycline resistance. Therefore, a rapid detection method is needed to monitor the spread of tigecycline resistance. In this study, a novel liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method to detect tet(X) in bacterial isolates was developed. This method utilized the analysis by LC-MS/MS of metabolite ratios to determine the presence of tet(X). Bacterial suspensions were co-incubated with tigecycline for 1 h, where tet(X) destructase inactivated tigecycline, making a particular metabolite with a 16-Da change in mass. The characterized quantitative ion pairing of tigecycline in the ESI positive mode was observed at 586.1 → 569.1 m/z. The oxygenated tigecycline detection was established at 602.2 → 529.1 m/z. A model was established using 35 tet(X)-positive and 15 tet(X)-negative Enterobacteriaceae strains in this study to optimize the cutoff value. Applying the model to analyze 70 bacterial isolates, the sensitivity of the LC-MS/MS test was 98.9% compared to polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and specificity was 100%. This method is rapid and easy to operate, providing results within 1 h, making it more suitable for routine use in clinical microbiology laboratories.
In vitro characterization and genome sequencing of two novel lytic phages against Salmonella Infantis isolated from poultry feces
Authors: Battistelli Noemi , Tittarelli Fabrizia , Ruffini Fausto , Gavazzi Luigi , Scattolini Silvia , Acciari Vicdalia Aniela , Romualdi Teresa , Curini Valentina , Di Carlo Simona , D’Alterio Nicola , Migliorati Giacomo , Pomilio Francesco , Aprea Giuseppe
Published: December 2024

Introduction

Salmonella spp. is the second most common bacteria associated with foodborne gastrointestinal outbreaks in humans, with the highest contamination levels in meat, especially poultry. Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Infantis is the primary serovar isolated from broilers, without causing any symptomatic disease. Conversely, certain human strains can result in symptomatic illness (fever, headache, and diarrhoea). Therefore, reducing S. Infantis colonization in broilers is important before slaughter, to prevent this pathogen carryover along the food chain.

Methods

Here, we report the characterization of two S. Infantis virulent phages, isolated from broiler feces. Isolates were phenotypically and genetically characterized.

Results and discussion

Phages (ɸ) SaI_NFG_5581 and SaI_NFG_5577 were characterized as strictly lytic versus S. Infantis but with different bacteriolytic activities and genetic features. They both belong to the Caudoviricetes class, but ɸSaI_NFG_5581 (genome length 112,970 bp) belongs to the Demerecviridae family while ɸSaI_NFG_5577 (genome length 42,481 bp) to the Guernseyvirinae family. Genomic analysis excluded the presence of lysogeny, toxin, or antimicrobial resistance genes, and for those reasons, the two phages could be considered safe. Phages are stable under a broad range of pH (4-10) and temperature (4°C-50°C) conditions. In vitro, both ɸSaI_NFG_5581 and ɸSaI_NFG_5577 were able to lower Salmonella counts of about 2.2 LOG/mL and 3.4 LOG CFU/mL respectively, at MOI 0.1 after 2 h of treatment. After 24 h, Salmonella counts treated with both phages remained lower than the control (non-phage-treated Salmonella). These newly isolated phages have promising features, which could be exploited and further studied for potential in vivo application.
Identifying the key regulators orchestrating Epstein-Barr virus reactivation
Authors: Wang Yaohao , Yu Jingwen , Pei Yonggang
Published: December 2024

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infects more than 90% of the human population worldwide and establishes lifelong infection in hosts by switching between latent and lytic infection. EBV latency can be reactivated under appropriate conditions, leading to expression of the viral lytic genes and production of infectious progeny viruses. EBV reactivation involves crosstalk between various factors and signaling pathways, and the subsequent complicated virus-host interplays determine whether EBV continues to propagate. However, the detailed mechanisms underlying these processes remain unclear. In this review, we summarize the critical factors regulating EBV reactivation and the associated mechanisms. This encompasses the transcription and post-transcriptional regulation of immediate-early (IE) genes, the functions of viral factors on viral DNA replication and progeny virus production, the mechanisms through which viral proteins disrupt and inhibit the host’s innate immune response, and the host factors that modulate EBV reactivation. Finally, we explore the potential applications of novel technologies in studying EBV reactivation, providing novel insights into the investigation of mechanisms governing EBV reactivation and the development of anti-EBV therapeutic strategies.
Mitochondrial pathways of copper neurotoxicity: focus on mitochondrial dynamics and mitophagy
Authors: Aschner Michael , Skalny Anatoly V. , Lu Rongzhu , Martins Airton C. , Tizabi Yousef , Nekhoroshev Sergey V. , Santamaria Abel , Sinitskiy Anton I. , Tinkov Alexey A.
Published: December 2024

Copper (Cu) is essential for brain development and function, yet its overload induces neuronal damage and contributes to neurodegeneration and other neurological disorders. Multiple studies demonstrated that Cu neurotoxicity is associated with mitochondrial dysfunction, routinely assessed by reduction of mitochondrial membrane potential. Nonetheless, the role of alterations of mitochondrial dynamics in brain mitochondrial dysfunction induced by Cu exposure is still debatable. Therefore, the objective of the present narrative review was to discuss the role of mitochondrial dysfunction in Cu-induced neurotoxicity with special emphasis on its influence on brain mitochondrial fusion and fission, as well as mitochondrial clearance by mitophagy. Existing data demonstrate that, in addition to mitochondrial electron transport chain inhibition, membrane damage, and mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) overproduction, Cu overexposure inhibits mitochondrial fusion by down-regulation of Opa1, Mfn1, and Mfn2 expression, while promoting mitochondrial fission through up-regulation of Drp1. It has been also demonstrated that Cu exposure induces PINK1/Parkin-dependent mitophagy in brain cells, that is considered a compensatory response to Cu-induced mitochondrial dysfunction. However, long-term high-dose Cu exposure impairs mitophagy, resulting in accumulation of dysfunctional mitochondria. Cu-induced inhibition of mitochondrial biogenesis due to down-regulation of PGC-1α further aggravates mitochondrial dysfunction in brain. Studies from non-brain cells corroborate these findings, also offering additional evidence that dysregulation of mitochondrial dynamics and mitophagy may be involved in Cu-induced damage in brain. Finally, Cu exposure induces cuproptosis in brain cells due mitochondrial proteotoxic stress, that may also contribute to neuronal damage and pathogenesis of certain brain diseases. Based on these findings, it is assumed that development of mitoprotective agents, specifically targeting mechanisms of mitochondrial quality control, would be useful for prevention of neurotoxic effects of Cu overload.
Triple-negative ectopic breast cancer of the male scrotum: a case report
Authors: Nie Yuhui , Song Chen , Wang Jingru , Wu Kun , Yu Mingxin , Shen Xin , Bian Yandong , Liu Shuzhen
Published: December 2024

Male breast cancer represents only 1% of all breast malignancies, with ectopic breast cancer in men being even rarer and highly prone to diagnostic challenges. Extramammary Paget’s disease (EMPD), a rare cutaneous tumor with non-specific clinical symptoms, is susceptible to misdiagnosis. This report discusses the case of an older male patient who presented with a scrotal mass, later identified as ectopic breast invasive adenocarcinoma upon pathological examination post-lesion excision. Immunohistochemistry confirmed a triple-negative profile and EMPD diagnosis, with no malignancies detected in either breast. Despite multiple treatment regimens and recurrence following adjuvant chemotherapy, the disease progressed with associated chemotherapy-related side effects, resulting in a 25.5-month survival period. The scarcity of literature on male ectopic breast cancer complicates the understanding of its incidence and optimal treatment strategies, increasing the risk of misdiagnosis. This study highlights the diagnostic and therapeutic challenges of this rare case, emphasizing the need for early recognition of atypical manifestations. The manuscript aims to assist clinicians by sharing case-specific insights and reviewing pertinent literature to enhance comprehension and management of similarly rare cases.
Macular retinal nerve fiber layer thickness in retinitis pigmentosa patients with and without optic disc drusen
Authors: Steensberg Alvilda H. , Malmqvist Lasse , Bertelsen Mette , Kessel Line , Grønskov Karen , Hamann Steffen
Published: December 2024

Introduction

Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is a group of inherited retinal dystrophies characterized by progressive photoreceptor degeneration. In a recent study, we reported co-existing optic disc drusen (ODD) at 30%, a prevalence 15 times higher than in the general population. The aims of this study were to a) assess if macular retinal nerve fiber layer thickness (RNFLt) was increased in our cohort of RP patients and b) compare RNFLt between RP patients with and without ODD.

Methods

In this post-hoc analysis, optical coherence tomography (OCT) scans of patients with RP and healthy controls were manually delineated, and macular RNFLt measurements were obtained. The analyses were conducted both a) for RP patients without ODD compared to controls and b) for RP patients with and without ODD.

Results

OCT scans of 32 patients with RP and 13 healthy controls were included. Macular RNFLt was significantly increased in RP patients compared to healthy controls and in RP patients with ODD compared to RP patients without ODD.

Discussion

Further studies will explore whether increased RNFLt leads to ODD development through dystrophic calcification or, conversely, if ODD in combination with RP-associated retinal ganglion cell damage causes the increased RNFLt through retrograde axoplasmic stasis.
A reduced-order boundary element method for two-dimensional acoustic scattering
Authors: Zhong Senhao , Jiang Xinbo , Du Jing , Liu Jie
Published: December 2024

This study presents a novel method for wideband acoustic analysis using the Boundary Element Method (BEM), addressing significant computational challenges. Traditional BEM requires repetitive computations across different frequencies due to the frequency-dependent system matrix, resulting in high computational costs. To overcome this, the Hankel function is expanded into a Taylor series, enabling the separation of frequency-dependent and frequency-independent components in the boundary integral equations. This results in a frequency-independent system matrix, improving computational efficiency. Additionally, the method addresses the issue of full-rank, asymmetric coefficient matrices in BEM, which complicate the solution of system equations over wide frequency ranges, particularly for large-scale problems. A Reduced-Order Model (ROM) is developed using the Second-Order Arnoldi (SOAR) method, which retains the key characteristics of the original Full-Order Model (FOM). The singularity elimination technique is employed to directly compute the strong singular and super-singular integrals in the acoustic equations. Numerical examples demonstrate the accuracy and efficiency of the proposed approach, showing its potential for large-scale applications in noise control and acoustic design, where fast and precise analysis is crucial.