bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
On-chip generation of hybrid polarization-frequency entangled biphoton states
Authors: Francesconi S. , Raymond A. , Duhamel R. , Filloux P. , Lemaître A. , Milman P. , Amanti M. I. , Baboux F. , Ducci S.
Published: December 2022

We demonstrate a chip-integrated semiconductor source that combines polarization and frequency entanglement, allowing the generation of entangled biphoton states in a hybrid degree of freedom without post-manipulation. Our AlGaAs device is based on type-II spontaneous parametric downconversion in a counterpropagating phase-matching scheme in which the modal birefringence lifts the degeneracy between the two possible nonlinear interactions. This allows the direct generation of polarization–frequency entangled photons at room temperature and telecom wavelength, and in two distinct spatial modes, offering enhanced flexibility for quantum information protocols. The state entanglement is quantified by a combined measurement of the joint spectrum and Hong–Ou–Mandel interference (raw visibility

70.1
%
±
1.1
%

) of the biphotons, allowing to reconstruct a restricted density matrix in the hybrid polarization–frequency space.
Blazed subwavelength grating coupler
Authors: Guo Rongxiang , Zhang Shujiao , Gao Haoran , Senthil Murugan Ganapathy , Liu Tiegen , Cheng Zhenzhou
Published: December 2022

Short-wavelength mid-infrared (2–2.5 μm wave band) silicon photonics has been a growing area to boost the applications of integrated optoelectronics in free-space optical communications, laser ranging, and biochemical sensing. In this spectral region, multi-project wafer foundry services developed for the telecommunication band are easily adaptable with the low intrinsic optical absorption from silicon and silicon dioxide materials. However, light coupling techniques at 2–2.5 μm wavelengths, namely, grating couplers, still suffer from low efficiencies, mainly due to the moderated directionality and poor diffraction-field tailoring capability. Here, we demonstrate a foundry-processed blazed subwavelength coupler for high-efficiency, wide-bandwidth, and large-tolerance light coupling. We subtly design multi-step-etched hybrid subwavelength grating structures to significantly improve directionality, as well as an apodized structure to tailor the coupling strength for improving the optical mode overlap and backreflection. Experimental results show that the grating coupler has a recorded coupling efficiency of

−
4.53
  
dB

at a wavelength of 2336 nm with a 3-dB bandwidth of

∼
107
  
nm

. The study opens an avenue to developing state-of-the-art light coupling techniques for short-wavelength mid-infrared silicon photonics.
Gap solitons in parity–time symmetric moiré optical lattices
Authors: Liu Xiuye , Zeng Jianhua
Published: December 2022

Parity–time (

PT

) symmetric lattices have been widely studied in controlling the flow of waves, and recently, moiré superlattices, connecting the periodic and non-periodic potentials, have been introduced for exploring unconventional physical properties in physics, while the combination of both and nonlinear waves therein remains unclear. Here, we report a theoretical survey of nonlinear wave localizations in

PT

symmetric moiré optical lattices, with the aim of revealing localized gap modes of different types and their stabilization mechanism. We uncover the formation, properties, and dynamics of fundamental and higher-order gap solitons as well as vortical ones with topological charge, all residing in the finite bandgaps of the underlying linear-Bloch wave spectrum. The stability regions of localized gap modes are inspected in two numerical ways: linear-stability analysis and direct perturbance simulations. Our results provide an insightful understanding of soliton physics in combined versatile platforms of

PT

symmetric systems and moiré patterns.
Self-synchronized temporal-spectral characterization system for revealing ultrafast fiber laser dynamics
Authors: Cao Yulong , Chang Zhenghu , Wu Qiang , Huang Jingsheng , Dang Laiyang , Liu Ai , Luo Yiyang , Huang Ligang , Huang Wei , Gao Lei , Zhu Tao
Published: December 2022

Due to the electronic bottleneck limited real-time measurement speed of common temporal-spectral detection and the particle-like nature of optical soliton enabled nonrepeatable transient behaviors, capturing the ultrafast laser pulses with unknown times of arrival and synchronously characterizing their temporal-spectral dynamic evolution is still a challenge. Here, using the Raman soliton frequency shift based temporal magnifier and dispersive Fourier transform based spectral analyzer, we demonstrate a self-synchronized, ultrafast temporal-spectral characterization system with a resolution of 160 fs and 0.05 nm, and a recording length above milliseconds. The synchronized nonlinear process makes it possible to image full-filled temporal sub-picosecond pulse trains regardless of their arrival times and without extra pump lasers and photoelectric conversion devices. To demonstrate the significance of this improvement, a buildup dynamic process of a soliton laser with a complex breakup and collisions of multisolitons is visually displayed in the spectral and temporal domains. The soliton dynamic evolution processes observed by our characterization system are in one-to-one correspondence with the numerical simulation results. We believe this work provides a new multidimensional technique to break the electronic bottleneck to gain additional insight into the dynamics of ultrafast lasers and nonlinear science.
The supply is there. So why can’t pregnant and breastfeeding women in rural India get the COVID-19 vaccine?
Authors: Diamond-Smith Nadia G. , Sharma Preetika , Duggal Mona , Gill Navneet , Gupta Jagriti , Kumar Vijay , Kaur Jasmeet , Singh Pushpendra , Vosburg Katy Bradford , El Ayadi Alison M.
Published: December 2022

Despite COVID-19 vaccines being available to pregnant women in India since summer 2021, little is known about vaccine uptake among this high need population. We conducted mixed methods research with pregnant and recently delivered rural women in northern India, consisting of 300 phone surveys and 15 in-depth interviews, in November 2021. Only about a third of respondents were vaccinated, however, about half of unvaccinated respondents reported that they would get vaccinated now if they could. Fears of harm to the unborn baby or young infant were common (22% of unvaccinated women). However, among unvaccinated women who wanted to get vaccinated, the most common barrier reported was that their health care provider refused to provide them the vaccine. Gender barriers and social norms also played a role, with family members restricting women’s access. Trust in the health system was high, however, women were most often getting information about COVID-19 vaccines from sources that they did not trust, and they knew they were getting potentially poor-quality information. Qualitative data shed light on the barriers women faced from their family and health care providers but described how as more people got the vaccine that norms were changing. These findings highlight how pregnant women in India have lower vaccination rates than the general population, and while vaccine hesitancy does play a role, structural barriers from the health care system also limit access to vaccines. Interventions must be developed that target household decision-makers and health providers at the community level, and that take advantage of the trust that rural women already have in their health care providers and the government. It is essential to think beyond vaccine hesitancy and think at the system level when addressing this missed opportunity to vaccinate high risk pregnant women in this setting.
Determinants of blood pressure and blood glucose control in patients with co-morbid hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus in Ghana: A hospital-based cross-sectional study
Authors: Alhassan Yakubu , Kwakye Adwoa Oforiwaa , Dwomoh Andrews K. , Baah-Nyarkoh Emmanuella , Ganu Vincent Jessey , Appiah Bernard , Kretchy Irene A.
Published: December 2022

Hypertension and diabetes are major risk factors for cardiovascular diseases and optimal control of blood pressure (BP) and blood glucose are associated with reduced cardiovascular disease events. This study, therefore, sought to estimate the prevalence and associated factors of controlled BP and blood glucose levels among patients diagnosed with both hypertension and Type 2- diabetes mellitus (T2DM). A quantitative cross-sectional study was conducted in a primary health setting in Ghana among patients 18 years and older diagnosed with both hypertension and T2DM. Pearson’s chi-square was used to assess the association between BP and blood glucose levels and the independent variables. The multivariable binary logistic regression model was used to assess the adjusted odds of controlled BP and blood glucose levels. Among the 329 participants diagnosed with both hypertension and T2DM, 41.3% (95% CI: 36.1–46.8%) had controlled BP, 57.1% (95% CI: 51.7–62.4%) had controlled blood glucose whilst 21.8% (95% CI: 17.7–26.7%) had both controlled BP and blood glucose levels. Increased age, non-formal education, non-married, employed, single-dose anti-hypertensives or anti-diabetic medications, and hyperlipidaemia or stroke co-morbidities were positively associated with controlled BP levels. Being female, married, taking 2 or more anti-hypertensive medications, and moderate to high medication-related burden were positively associated with controlled blood glucose levels. In terms of both controlled BP and blood glucose levels, being employed, reduced income level, being registered with national health insurance, single anti-diabetes or anti-hypertensive medications, hyperlipidaemia or stroke co-morbidities, and moderate to high medication-related burden were positively associated with having both controlled BP and blood glucose levels. One in five patients with hypertension and T2DM had both BP and blood glucose levels under control. The benefits and risks of blood pressure and blood glucose targets should thus be factored into the management of patients with hypertension and T2DM.
Epidemiological characteristics of imported acute infectious diseases in Guangzhou, China, 2005–2019
Authors: Liu Wen-Hui , Shi Chen , Lu Ying , Luo Lei , Ou Chun-Quan
Published: December 2022

Background

The global spread of infectious diseases is currently a prominent threat to public health, with the accelerating pace of globalization and frequent international personnel intercourse. The present study examined the epidemiological characteristics of overseas imported cases of acute infectious diseases in Guangzhou, China.

Methods

We retrospectively investigated the distribution of diseases, demographic characteristics, and temporal and spatial variations of imported cases of acute infectious diseases in Guangzhou based on the surveillance data of notifiable infectious diseases from 2005 to 2019, provided by Guangzhou center for Disease Control and Prevention. The Cochran-Armitage trend test was applied to examine the trend in the number of imported cases over time.

Results

A total of 1,025 overseas imported cases of acute infectious diseases were identified during the study period. The top three diseases were dengue (67.12%), malaria (12.39%), and influenza A (H1N1) pdm09 (4.10%). Imported cases were predominantly males, with a sex ratio of 2.6: 1 and 75.22% of the cases were those aged 20–49 years. Businessmen, workers, students and unemployed persons accounted for a large proportion of the cases (68.49%) and many of the cases came from Southeast Asia (59.02%). The number of imported cases of acute infectious diseases increased during the study period and hit 318 in 2019. A clear seasonal pattern was observed in the number of imported cases with a peak period between June and November. Imported cases were reported in all of the 11 districts in Guangzhou and the central districts were more seriously affected compared with other districts.

Conclusions

The burden of dengue imported from overseas was substantial and increasing in Guangzhou, China, with the peak period from June to November. Dengue was the most common imported disease. Most imported cases were males aged 20–49 years and businessmen. Further efforts, such as strengthening surveillance of imported cases, paying close attention to the epidemics in hotspots, and improving the ability to detect the imported cases from overseas, are warranted to control infectious diseases especially in the center of the city with a higher population density highly affected by imported cases.
Income inequality and its relationship with loneliness prevalence: A cross-sectional study among older adults in the US and 16 European countries
Authors: Tapia-Muñoz Thamara , Staudinger Ursula M. , Allel Kasim , Steptoe Andrew , Miranda-Castillo Claudia , Medina José T. , Calvo Esteban
Published: December 2022

Backgrounds

The prevalence of loneliness increases among older adults, varies across countries, and is related to within-country socioeconomic, psychosocial, and health factors. The 2000–2019 pooled prevalence of loneliness among adults 60 years and older went from 5.2% in Northern Europe to 24% in Eastern Europe, while in the US was 56% in 2012. The relationship between country-level factors and loneliness, however, has been underexplored. Because income inequality shapes material conditions and relative social deprivation and has been related to loneliness in 11 European countries, we expected a relationship between income inequality and loneliness in the US and 16 European countries.

Methods

We used secondary cross-sectional data for 75,891 adults age 50+ from HRS (US 2014), ELSA (England, 2014), and SHARE (15 European countries, 2013). Loneliness was measured using the R-UCLA three-item scale. We employed hierarchical logistic regressions to analyse whether income inequality (GINI coefficient) was associated with loneliness prevalence.

Results

The prevalence of loneliness was 25.32% in the US (HRS), 17.55% in England (ELSA) and ranged from 5.12% to 20.15% in European countries (SHARE). Older adults living in countries with higher income inequality were more likely to report loneliness, even after adjusting for the sociodemographic composition of the countries and their Gross Domestic Products per capita (OR: 1.52; 95% CI: 1.17–1.97).

Discussion

Greater country-level income inequality was associated with higher prevalence of loneliness over and above individual-level sociodemographics. The present study is the first attempt to explore income inequality as a predictor of loneliness prevalence among older adults in the US and 16 European countries. Addressing income distribution and the underlying experience of relative deprivation might be an opportunity to improve older adults’ life expectancy and wellbeing by reducing loneliness prevalence.
Mucosal circadian rhythm pathway genes altered by aging and periodontitis
Authors: Ebersole Jeffrey L. , Gonzalez Octavio A.
Published: December 2022

As circadian processes can impact the immune system and are affected by infections and inflammation, this study examined the expression of circadian rhythm genes in periodontitis. Methods: Macaca mulatta were used with naturally-occurring and ligature-induced periodontitis. Gingival tissue samples were obtained from healthy, diseased, and resolved sites in four groups: young (≤3 years), adolescent (3–7 years), adult (12–26) and aged (18–23 years). Microarrays targeted circadian rhythm (n = 42), inflammation/tissue destruction (n = 11), bone biology (n = 8) and hypoxia pathway (n = 7) genes. Results: The expression of many circadian rhythm genes, across functional components of the pathway, was decreased in healthy tissues from younger and aged animals, as well as showing significant decreases with periodontitis. Negative correlations of the circadian rhythm gene levels with inflammatory mediators and tissue destructive/remodeling genes were particularly accentuated in disease. A dominance of positive correlations with hypoxia genes was observed, except HIF1A, that was uniformly negatively correlated in health, disease and resolution. Conclusions: The chronic inflammation of periodontitis exhibits an alteration of the circadian rhythm pathway, predominantly via decreased gene expression. Thus, variation in disease expression and the underlying molecular mechanisms of disease may be altered due to changes in regulation of the circadian rhythm pathway functions.
Mangrove health assessment using spatial metrics and multi-temporal remote sensing data
Authors: Hai Pham Minh , Tinh Pham Hong , Son Nguyen Phi , Thuy Tran Van , Hong Hanh Nguyen Thi , Sharma Sahadev , Hoai Do Thi , Duy Vu Cong
Published: December 2022

Mangrove forest plays a very important role for both ecosystem services and biodiversity conservation. In Vietnam, mangrove is mainly distributed in the Mekong delta. Recently, mangrove areas in this region decreased rapidly in both quality and quantity. The forest became bare, divided and scattered into many small patches, which was a major driver of ecosystem degradation. Without a quantitative method for effectively assessing mangrove health in the regional scale, the sustainably conserving mangrove is the challenge for the local governments. Remote sensing data has been widely used for monitoring mangrove distributions, while the characterization of spatial metrics is important to understand the underlying processes of mangrove change. The objectives of this study were to develop an approach to monitor mangrove health in Mui Ca Mau, Ca Mau province of Vietnam by utilizing satellite image textures to assess the mangrove patterns. The research result showed that mangrove areas increased double by 2015, but the forest had become more fragmented. We can be seen those changes in land use mainly come from land conversion from forest to shrimp farms, settlements areas and public constructions. The conserving existing mangrove forest in Mui Ca Mau should consider the relations between mangrove health and influencing factors indicated in the manuscript.
Chromoplast plastoglobules recruit the carotenoid biosynthetic pathway and contribute to carotenoid accumulation during tomato fruit maturation
Authors: Zita Wayne , Bressoud Ségolène , Glauser Gaetan , Kessler Felix , Shanmugabalaji Venkatasalam
Published: December 2022

Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) fruit maturation is associated with a developmental transition from chloroplasts (in mature green fruit) to chromoplasts (in red fruit). The hallmark red color of ripe tomatoes is due to carotenogenesis and accumulation of the red carotenoid lycopene inside chromoplasts. Plastoglobules (PG) are lipid droplets in plastids that are involved in diverse lipid metabolic pathways. In tomato, information on the possible role of PG in carotogenesis and the PG proteome is largely lacking. Here, we outline the role of PG in carotenogenesis giving particular attention to tomato fruit PG proteomes and metabolomes. The proteome analysis revealed the presence of PG-typical FBNs, ABC1K-like kinases, and metabolic enzymes, and those were decreased in the PG of tomato chromoplasts compared to chloroplasts. Notably, the complete β-carotene biosynthesis pathway was recruited to chromoplast PG, and the enzymes PHYTOENE SYNTHASE 1 (PSY-1), PHYTOENE DESATURASE (PDS), ZETA-CAROTENE DESATURASE (ZDS), and CAROTENOID ISOMERASE (CRTISO) were enriched up to twelvefold compared to chloroplast PG. We profiled the carotenoid and prenyl lipid changes in PG during the chloroplast to chromoplast transition and demonstrated large increases of lycopene and β-carotene in chromoplast PG. The PG proteome and metabolome are subject to extensive remodeling resulting in high accumulation of lycopene during the chloroplast-to-chromoplast transition. Overall, the results indicate that PGs contribute to carotenoid accumulation during tomato fruit maturation and suggest that they do so by functioning as a biosynthetic platform for carotenogenesis.
SARS-CoV-2 spike protein variant binding affinity to an angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 fusion glycoproteins
Authors: Matthews Alicia M. , Biel Thomas G. , Ortega-Rodriguez Uriel , Falkowski Vincent M. , Bush Xin , Faison Talia , Xie Hang , Agarabi Cyrus , Rao V. Ashutosh , Ju Tongzhong
Published: December 2022

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), the causative agent of the Coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) pandemic, continues to evolve and circulate globally. Current prophylactic and therapeutic countermeasures against Covid-19 infection include vaccines, small molecule drugs, and neutralizing monoclonal antibodies. SARS-CoV-2 infection is mainly mediated by the viral spike glycoprotein binding to angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) on host cells for viral entry. As emerging mutations in the spike protein evade efficacy of spike-targeted countermeasures, a potential strategy to counter SARS-CoV-2 infection is to competitively block the spike protein from binding to the host ACE2 using a soluble recombinant fusion protein that contains a human ACE2 and an IgG1-Fc domain (ACE2-Fc). Here, we have established Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO) cell lines that stably express ACE2-Fc proteins in which the ACE2 domain either has or has no catalytic activity. The fusion proteins were produced and purified to partially characterize physicochemical properties and spike protein binding. Our results demonstrate the ACE2-Fc fusion proteins are heavily N-glycosylated, sensitive to thermal stress, and actively bind to five spike protein variants (parental, alpha, beta, delta, and omicron) with different affinity. Our data demonstrates a proof-of-concept production strategy for ACE2-Fc fusion glycoproteins that can bind to different spike protein variants to support the manufacture of potential alternative countermeasures for emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants.
A cluster analysis of high-performance female team players’ perceived motivational climate: Implications on perceived motor competence and autonomous behaviour
Authors: Abraldes J. Arturo , Conte Marín Luis , Manzano-Sánchez David , Gómez-López Manuel , Sánchez-Alcaraz Bernardino J.
Published: December 2022

High performance sport for females is an area which is gaining more and more relevance today, but which hasn’t received the same research interest as sport for males. The aim of the present study was to analyse the motivational climate perceived by high performance female athletes and the implications on perceived motor competence and autonomous behaviour and check the differences according category, sport experience and training hours in performance and master climate. The participants were 615 female athletes who practice top level team sports, with ages comprised of 16 to 38 (M = 22,10; SD = 4,91). The sample consisted of two different categories: junior (n = 242) and senior (n = 373). These players participated in different team sports, specifically football, handball, basketball and volleyball, training between 6 and 24 hours a week (M = 8,34; DT = 4,33). The variables measured were: perceived motivational climate in sport, autonomous behaviour and perceived motor competence. A cluster analysis was carried out using, as a variable, the perceived motivational climate, and showing the existence of two profiles, one related to ego and the other to task. The multivariate analysis showed that the profile orientated towards the task had significant differences compared to the autonomous behaviour (M = 4.66 vs M = 3.41). At the same time an analysis was carried out looking at different social demographic variables, revealing how there were differences in the sports experience (those participants with more than ten years’ experience were more orientated towards ego, compared to those with less than ten years’ experience) and the category (junior athletes were more orientated towards the task, compared to senior athletes). It was concluded that a greater orientation towards the task can lead to an improvement in the perception of motor competence, with the youngest and least experienced athletes being the most prominent in this category.
Store-operated calcium entry via ORAI1 regulates doxorubicin-induced apoptosis and prevents cardiotoxicity in cardiac fibroblasts
Authors: Nemoto Hiroko , Umemura Masanari , Suzuki Fumina , Nagasako Akane , Nagao Kagemichi , Hidaka Yuko , Nakakaji Rina , Uchida Keiji , Suzuki Shinichi , Masuda Munetaka , Ishikawa Yoshihiro
Published: December 2022

Despite exhibiting cardiotoxicity, doxorubicin (DOX) is widely used for cancer treatments. Cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) are important in the pathogenesis of heart failure. This necessitates the study of the effect of DOX on CFs. The impairment of calcium (Ca2+) homeostasis is a common mechanism of heart failure. Store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE) is a receptor-regulated Ca2⁺ entry pathway that maintains calcium balance by sensing reduced calcium stores in the endoplasmic reticulum. ORAI1, a calcium channel protein and the most important component of SOCE, is highly expressed in human cardiac fibroblasts (HCFs). It is upregulated in CFs from failing ventricles. However, whether ORAI1 in HCFs is increased and/or plays a role in DOX-induced cardiotoxicity remains unknown. In this study, we aimed to elucidate the relationship between ORAI1/SOCE and DOX-induced heart failure. Induction of apoptosis by DOX was characterized in HCFs. Apoptosis and cell cycle analyses were performed by fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS). Reactive oxygen species (ROS) production was measured using fluorescence. YM-58483 was used as an ORAI1/SOCE inhibitor. ORAI1-knockdown cells were established by RNA interference. In vivo experiments were performed by intraperitoneally injecting YM-58483 and DOX into mice. We first demonstrated that DOX significantly increased the protein expression level of p53 in HCFs by western blotting. FACS analysis revealed that DOX increased early apoptosis and induced cell cycle arrest in the G2 phase in fibroblasts. DOX also increased ROS production. DOX significantly increased the expression level of ORAI1 in CFs. Both YM-58483 and ORAI1 gene knockdown attenuated DOX-induced apoptosis. Similarly, YM-58483 attenuated cell cycle arrest in the G2 phase, and ORAI1 knockdown attenuated DOX-induced ROS production in HCFs. In the animal experiment, YM-58483 attenuated DOX-induced apoptosis. In HCFs, ORAI1/SOCE regulates p53 expression and plays an important role in DOX-induced cardiotoxicity. ORAI1 may serve as a new target for preventing DOX-induced heart failure.
Effectiveness of Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine as evidence for policy action: A rapid systematic review and meta-analysis of non-randomized studies
Authors: Wallace Megan , Collins Jennifer P. , Moline Heidi , Plumb Ian D. , Godfrey Monica , Morgan Rebecca L. , Campos-Outcalt Doug , Oliver Sara E. , Dooling Kathleen , Gargano Julia W.
Published: December 2022

In December 2020, an interim recommendation for the use of Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine in persons aged ≥16 years was made under Food and Drug Administration’s Emergency Use Authorization. In preparation for Biologics License Application approval, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to inform the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s Advisory Committee for Immunization Practice’s (ACIP) decision-making for a standard recommendation. We conducted a rapid systematic review and meta-analysis of Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine effectiveness (VE) against symptomatic COVID-19, hospitalization due to COVID-19, death due to COVID-19, and asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection. We identified studies through August 20, 2021 from an ongoing systematic review conducted by the International Vaccine Access Center and the World Health Organization. We evaluated each study for risk of bias using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Pooled estimates were calculated using meta-analysis. The body of evidence for each outcome was assessed using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach. We identified 80 articles, selected 35 for full-text review, and included 26. The pooled VE of Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine was 92.4% (95% CI: 87.5%–95.3%) against symptomatic COVID-19 with moderate evidence certainty (eight studies), 94.3% (95% CI: 87.9%–97.3%) against hospitalization due to COVID-19 with moderate certainty (eight studies), 96.1% (95% CI: 91.5%–98.2%) against death due to COVID-19 with moderate certainty (four studies), and 89.3% (88.4%–90.1%) against asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection with very low certainty (two studies). The Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine demonstrated high effectiveness in all pre-specified outcomes and extended knowledge of the vaccine’s benefits to outcomes and populations not informed by the RCTs. Use of an existing systematic review facilitated a rapid meta-analysis to inform an ACIP policy decision. This approach can be utilized as additional COVID-19 vaccines are considered for standard recommendations by ACIP.
School bullying among Chinese third to fifth grade primary school students in a cross-sectional study: The protective effect of psychological resilience
Authors: Fei Liping , Liao Maoxu , Ke Lei , Zou Yanli , Li Xin , Chen Yiting , Zhang Rong
Published: December 2022

School bullying is a major concern for school-aged youth and has great impacts on children’s health and well-being, and an increasing number of school bullying cases have been reported in China. Many studies have indicated that psychological resilience may have a well-established association with school bullying. However, only a limited number of studies have explored this association, especially among primary school students. The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between school bullying and psychological resilience among primary school students from a Chinese city. The participants were 6,011 primary school students aged 7–14 years who were recruited in a cross-sectional survey in Luzhou, China. The statistical significance of differences between groups was tested using the χ2 test or t test. Binary logistic regression analyses were conducted to explore the association between psychological resilience and school bullying. The incidence rates of bullies and victims were 30.00% (1803/6011; 95% CI: 28.84%-31.16%) and 69.89% (4201/6011; 95% CI: 68.73%-71.05%), respectively. Psychological resilience was a protective factor of school bullying among primary school students (for bullying perpetrators, OR = 0.76, 95%CI:0.62–0.93, and for bully victims OR = 0.74, 95%CI:0.61–0.90), especially among female students (for bullying perpetrators, OR = 0.63, 95%CI: 0.47–0.85, and for bully victims, OR = 0.69, 95%CI: 0.53–0.90). School bullying among primary school students in Luzhou City was highly prevalent. High levels of psychological resilience might be a protective factor in preventing primary students from being involved in school bullying, especially among females.
Spontaneous head movements support accurate horizontal auditory localization in a virtual visual environment
Authors: Gulli Andrea , Fontana Federico , Orzan Eva , Aruffo Alessandro , Muzzi Enrico
Published: December 2022

This study investigates the relationship between auditory localization accuracy in the horizontal plane and the spontaneous translation and rotation of the head in response to an acoustic stimulus from an invisible sound source. Although a number of studies have suggested that localization ability improves with head movements, most of them measured the perceived source elevation and front-back disambiguation. We investigated the contribution of head movements to auditory localization in the anterior horizontal field in normal hearing subjects. A virtual reality scenario was used to conceal visual cues during the test through a head mounted display. In this condition, we found that an active search of the sound origin using head movements is not strictly necessary, yet sufficient for achieving greater sound source localization accuracy. This result may have important implications in the clinical assessment and training of adults and children affected by hearing and motor impairments.
Viagem pictórica religiosa
Authors: Castro Maria João
Published: December 2022

Após sessenta anos de clausura, a abertura provisória do Mosteiro da Cartuxa de Santa Maria Scala Coeli de Évora permitiu apreciar, ao vivo, a arte de um monge-pintor cuja valência possibilitou a constituição de um acervo que não se circunscreve à temática religiosa mas vai muito para além dela.

A reflexão proposta pretende pois enunciar parte da produção artística de Frei Miguel a partir de uma sensibilidade vivida em reclusão e traduzida em telas de cunho fortemente contemplativo e luminoso que o tornam num retratista e paisagística fora do comum.

Na verdade, a oportunidade única de apreciar algumas das suas composições elaboradas em contexto cartusiano foi o axioma para um debruçar mais abrangente sobre a obra deixada cruzando-se viagem pictórica e religiosa no espaço de uma vida.
Pesquisa Literária com R
Authors: Giménez Diego , Rodrigues Gomide Andressa
Published: December 2022

O presente artigo pretende oferecer uma metodologia de pesquisa com o pacote Quanteda, que utiliza a linguagem R, aplicada à análise da obra de Fernando Pessoa. Quanteda (Quantitative Analysis of Textual Data) é um pacote de R para a manipulação e estudo de dados textuais. O programa objetiva aplicar processamento de linguagem natural a textos. Por sua vez, R é uma linguagem de programação para computação estatística suportada pelo R Core Team e R Foundation for Statistical Computing. A ferramenta, assim, permite o estudo textual quantitativo de corpus e oferece ferramentas de visualização que representam as análises. Desde topic modeling até redes semânticas ou análises de co-ocorrências, as ferramentas possibilitam estudos e representações detalhados de estruturas textuais.
Grandes obras para pequenos leitores
Authors: Lage Otília , Sequeira Carla
Published: December 2022

Sob o crescente impacto das tendências à escala internacional, em particular no mundo anglo-saxónico desde 2004, de consolidação da área inter/transdisciplinar das Humanidades Digitais (HD) este novo domínio de investigação tem vindo a registar em Portugal e na língua portuguesa, sobretudo a partir de 2010, um movimento progressivamente mais amplo de renovação dos discursos e práticas de afirmação e integração de metodologias digitais em particular nas Humanidades e Ciências Sociais. As HD têm conseguido congregar uma comunidade de investigadores que tende a crescer e a afirmar-se (Alves, 2016a e b), embora numa cartografia global deste novo paradigma de investigação, no que toca a patrimónios de língua portuguesa, se possa constatar um desempenho inferior ao de outras tradições e culturas, nomeadamente de matriz anglo-saxónica (Pereira, 2015: 110-140).

Assim, o presente artigo, tem por objectivo fazer, através de bibliografia de referência transdisciplinar uma aproximação sucinta ao estado da arte das HD em Portugal e em língua portuguesa, num âmbito de curto prazo. Com este enquadramento e por motivação inerente à nossa participação como investigadoras responsáveis no projecto “Raul Brandão e relações intergeracionais na interface humanidades digitais”, visa-se ainda apresentar um estudo experimental de extensão educativa digital online, numa perspectiva de reflexão crítico-analítica.
O ensino da História e a formação para uma cidadania democrática
Authors: Avelãs Nunes João Paulo
Published: December 2022

Partindo de uma abordagem quer de história e teoria da historiogra­-fia quer de didática da História, procura-se, no presente artigo, anali­sar o modo como, em Portugal, desde 1991, tem ocorrido a ligação entre historiografia, ensino da His­tória e formação para uma cidadania democrática, promotora de desen­volvimento integrado/sustentável. Caracteriza-se a forma como, entre nós, o sistema político, o aparelho de Estado e individualidades/orga­ni­zações da sociedade civil têm ten­ta­do configurar o referido corelacio­namento. Explicita-se e funda­menta-se, ainda, uma modalidade (parcialmente) alternativa de estru­turação do envolvimento do ensino não superior da História na forma­ção para uma cidadania democrática e promotora de desenvolvimento integrado/sustentável.
ADVERSE EVENTS RELATED TO SARS-COV-2 VACCINE IN A NATIONWIDE COHORT OF INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE PATIENTS
Authors: Mahmud Nadim , Reinisch Walter , Patel Manthankumar , Sundararajan Ramaswamy , Khan Nabeel
Published: December 2022

BACKGROUND:

There is limited data on the safety profile of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine among patients taking immunosuppressive medications. Our aim was to evaluate the adverse events related to the vaccines in a nationwide cohort of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients on diverse immunosuppressive medications.

METHODS:

This was a retrospective cohort study using data from the Veterans Health Administration (VHA). The primary outcome was any adverse event of special interest, (cerebrovascular accident, venous thromboembolism, acute myocardial infarction, Bell’s palsy) within 90 days of vaccination.

RESULTS:

A total of 17,201 patients were included. 12,351 (71.8%) received at least 1 vaccine dose. The most common adverse events were acute myocardial infarction and venous thromboembolism. In inverse probability treatment weighting-adjusted logistic regression, full vaccination was not significantly associated with increased adverse events through 90 days, relative to unvaccinated patients.

CONCLUSION:

Full SARS-CoV-2 vaccination was not associated with an increased rate of key adverse events relative to unvaccinated individuals among IBD patients
Intraoperative identification of parathyroid glands during endocrine surgery
Authors: Bubnov A. A. , Slashchuk K. Yu. , Shirshin E. A. , Timoshenko V. Yu.
Published: December 2022

Nowadays, diabetes and diseases of thyroid gland take place on the first two stage in the rank of all endocrine diseases. There are 3 directions to treat thyroid glands pathologies such as: using special pills which substitute natural thyroid hormones, surgery and radioiodine therapy. It has proven that surgery of thyroid gland is the most effective method among considering upper. at The same time, it is associated with the greatest risks of complications. The most common injuries are damage to the recurrent laryngeal nerve and unintentional traumatization or removal of a healthy parathyroid gland. Parathyroid gland is a critical organ during thyroid surgery. It means that all negative reaction nearby the structure can lead to development different complications: hypoparathyroidism (transient or chronic) and hypocalcemia. In this article is considered actual methods of intraoperative optical visualization of parathyroid glans. The fundamental foundations of such methods, their advantages and disadvantages are also analyzed. It is shown that fluorescent methods in the red and near infrared regions of the spectrum using exogenous dyes have essential importance for endocrine surgery, as they allow to improve identification and reduce the risk of postoperative complications.
Atypical and typical course of neurofibromatosis type 1 in combination with pheochromocytoma
Authors: Yukina M. Yu. , Avsievich E. S. , Pushkareva A. S. , Nuralieva N. F. , Bondarenko E. V. , Platonova N. M. , Beltsevich D. G. , Troshina E. A.
Published: December 2022

Neurofibromatosis type 1 is a hereditary disease that has a multisystem character of organism damage, a wide variability of clinical manifestations, up to the almost complete absence of typical symptoms. Phenotypic manifestations, their expressiveness and heaviness can be varied even among members of the same family with identical mutations. One of the possible clinical manifestations of this pathology is pheochromocytoma, the development of which is associated with a high risk of developing life-threatening conditions. Timely diagnosis of the disease, the choice of treatment tactics for the patient, genetic testing of blood relatives can significantly improve the survival rate and prognosis of the disease. In this article, on the presented clinical examples of patients with a typical and atypical course of type 1 neurofibromatosis in combination with pheochromocytoma, the issues of managing patients with this pathology are outlined.
Variables que explican el cambio modal por COVID-19 en usuarios del transporte público en un entorno urbano en Querétaro
Authors: Lazcano Trejo Juan Roberto , De la Llata Gómez Roberto , Obregón Biosca Saúl Antonio
Published: December 2022

La pandemia de COVID-19 ha tenido un gran impacto en la forma en que nos movilizamos debido al riesgo constante de contraer el virus y a las medidas de distanciamiento social y restricciones implementadas por las autoridades, lo que ha generado cambios en los comportamientos modales de viaje debido a la percepción del COVID-19. Por ello, el objetivo de la presente investigación es identificar las variables que son significativas para explicar la relación entre variables sociodemográficas, de viaje y de percepción integral por COVID-19, con el cambio modal, en la movilidad urbana obligada de usuarios del transporte público. Para lo anterior, se consideran las características sociodemográficas, de viaje y la percepción integral de los viajeros, para estimar un modelo de regresión logística binaria basado en los datos de 365 cuestionarios válidos aplicados en el Parque Industrial Benito Juárez (PIBJ), ubicado en la Zona Urbana de Santiago de Querétaro, México. Los resultados muestran que la ocupación, el tiempo de viaje, el grado de conocimiento de las consecuencias de contagiarse, la posibilidad de contagiarse en el transporte público y fuera de él, y si considera riesgoso utilizarlo, son variables que se encuentran significativamente relacionadas con el cambio modal en usuarios del transporte público durante la pandemia de COVID-19.
Activism and bottom-up narratives of change in Greek cultural policy: the case of #SupportArtWorkers
Authors: Magkou Matina , Kolokytha Olga , Tsene Leda
Published: December 2022

All over the world, Covid-19 revealed long-term issues concerning the structural vulnerability of artists and cultural workers. In Greece, during the first lock down, an independent initiative, Support Art Workers (SAW), brought to the spotlight artists and cultural workers and their needs and narratives about what needs to be changed in Greek cultural policy. Organised around and expressed through an online and offline activism campaign, SAW enabled them to articulate their particular status and needs-both in that particular timing, and with forward-looking approaches on overall policy adjustments required in Greece. Such an advocacy-rooted mobilisation holds particular interest in a country where cultural policy has focused predominantly on cultural heritage, largely ignoring contemporary cultural production. Through focus groups and interviews with artists and cultural workers in 2020 and in 2022, we capture the main narratives of artists and cultural professionals in Greece and what has remained from this mobilisation.
Educação Especial Inclusiva: histórico legislativo e contexto escolar, diálogos necessários
Authors: Coelho Caroline Pugliero , Soares Renata Godinho , Viçosa Cátia Silene Carrazoni Lopes , Roehrs Rafael
Published: December 2022

A educação especial inclusiva propõe uma mudança dos valores da educação tradicional e uma reestruturação dos processos de inclusão, por isso a importância das políticas públicas no contexto educacional inclusivo e da análise crítica da legislação no que tange este assunto. O estudo objetiva analisar documentos sobre políticas educacionais inclusivas a fim de entender como se dá a inclusão no contexto escolar. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa, do tipo documental e bibliográfica. Para a análise dos dados, fez-se uso da análise temática. Ao concluir, pode-se perceber que as políticas públicas asseguram muitos benefícios e propõem recursos para possibilitar a efetividade da inclusão escolar. Entretanto, a realidade encontrada nas escolas, muitas vezes, não apresenta tais benefícios.
¿Cómo investigar históricamente las políticas públicas en educación superior? Una propuesta de análisis.
Authors: Rifo Mauricio , Durán Alex
Published: December 2022

Este artículo presenta un marco de análisis histórico para el estudio de las políticas públicas, a través de una investigación bibliográfica sobre el estudio de las políticas, sosteniendo que este debate tiene un impacto directo en la producción de conocimiento en el campo de la investigación en educación, en general, y en el área de las políticas educativas, en particular. La aproximación inicia por una revisión de las políticas en educación superior, con foco en la Nueva Gestión Pública y los modelos de estudios en políticas públicas, para servir de contrapunto y construir el marco de análisis histórico de las políticas públicas en educación superior. Concluye con una síntesis de cómo la investigación en políticas educativas en educación superior puede beneficiarse de las herramientas de análisis de la perspectiva histórica.
Entrevista: Suze Silva Sales - Educação do Campo e Escola da Terra: experiências pedagógicas e institucionais
Authors: Coelho George Leonardo Seabra , Sales Suze Silva
Published: December 2022

A presente entrevista faz parte de um extenso projeto de pesquisa, onde buscamos registrar as diferentes experiências docentes e institucionais relacionadas à Educação do Campo. Antes de apresentar a entrevista com a Prof.ª Dr.ª Suze Silva Sales, é importante realizar algumas ponderações. Conheci a professora Suze quando cheguei à Universidade Federal do Tocantins em 2014, de lá para cá, desenvolvemos diversas atividades de sucesso, assim como, estabelecemos laços de amizade. A partir de minhas conversas com ela e outros pesquisadores da Educação do Campo, continuo nesse projeto, que nada mais é do que um registro das experiências dos docentes dedicados à Educação do Campo. Ao tomar conhecimento deste projeto, a professora Suze cedeu-se um pouco do seu tempo para realizarmos a presente entrevista. Autora de diversas pesquisas e, com a mesma dedicação dispensada para os estudos sobre a educação direcionada às populações camponesas brasileiras, a professora Suze pôde nos contar um pouco sobre  sua trajetória acadêmica, desde as primeiras experiências no município de Patos de Minas, até suas expectativas quanto ao fortalecimento do curso no futuro e suas experiências com a Escola da Terra no estado do Tocantins. Então, espero que o leitor acompanhe a entrevista concedida – apropriando de suas próprias palavras – por um militante das políticas públicas de Educação do Campo.
Práticas Socioculturais em Linguagens Matemáticas no Programa Escola da Terra
Authors: Pimenta Alessandro , Santos Edinho Benésio , Araújo Regina Dias
Published: December 2022

O objetivo deste artigo é socializar as experiências vivenciadas durante a formação de professores em algumas cidades interioranas do Estado do Tocantins, marcadas pela pandemia (COVID- 19) mas, acima de tudo, por saberes tão diversificado e indissociáveis para a promoção da vida social. Diante disso, foi necessário refletir sobre as práticas pedagógicas para a formação do ensino de matemática, a fim de encontrar estratégias viáveis para poder experimentar e compartilhar aprendizagens, tendo como foco principal a Etnomatemática. O importante foi buscar a realidade vivida como referência, mostrar a matemática presente em vários elementos socioculturais. Tentou-se romper, pela etnomatemática, com uma visão universalista e mostrar a diversidade de saberes socioculturais. O saber deve dialogar com a realidade, ou seja, não existe saber que não seja contextual. A interação com cada aluno/professor da Escola do Campo proporcionou questões e modos diferentes de pensar e dizer o real sem que exista uma hierarquia, um modelo de verdade instaurada pelo eurocentrismo.