bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Energy components of sustainable development in the countries of the European Union and in Ukraine
Authors: Podolsky Myroslav , Bryk Dmytro , Kulchytska-Zhyhailo Lesia
Published: June 2023

The energy components of sustainable development in the countries of the European Union have been analyzed, in particular according to goal 7 “Affordable and clean energy”, directions of the European Green Deal, taking into consideration synergies and compromises, as well as cross-cutting factors in achieving the specified indicators. It is shown that in 2019, the EU’s energy dependence on energy imports by types of fuel was: oil and oil products – more than 90 %, natural gas – about 80 %, solid fossil fuels – about 40 %. During 2014–2019, the decrease in the use of solid fuels (−4.9 %) was compensated by the increase in the use of renewable energy sources and biofuels (+2 %), as well as by the increase in the use of natural gas (+3.4 %), which could not cause a significant reduction in the share of fossil fuel use and a reduction in emissions of greenhouse gas – carbon dioxide CO2, at the same time the total dependence of EU countries on fuel imports increased from 54.4 to 60.7 % (by 6.3 %), which negatively affects the achievement of energy indicators of sustainable development. In 2019, the total share of renewable energy sources was 19.7 % with an ambitious goal of reaching 32 % in 2030. The energy components of sustainable development in Ukraine are analyzed. It is shown that, in particular, according to goal 7 “Affordable and clean energy”, the progress of the specified indicators is characterized by a low probability of achievement; in 2019, the share of coal imports in Ukraine was 68.6 %, oil – 76.7 %, natural gas – 45.1 %, and the total share of imports of primary energy resources by 2030 should be reduced to a level of not less than 12 % and the share of energy from renewable sources should reach 17 %. Based on a comparison of the energy components of sustainable development in the countries of the European Union and in Ukraine, the main requirements for energy indicators and tasks of sustainable development for Ukraine and its regions are proposed. These requirements differ in the addition of energy indicators and tasks of sustainable development in Ukraine with indicators that are monitored in the countries of the European Union and were not used in Ukraine before, as well as the introduction of indicators that take into consideration the energy characteristics of the regions of Ukraine. An adaptive structure of energy tasks and indicators for the regions of Ukraine is proposed.
Ivan Khandoshko. Restitution of Ukrainian Cultural Heritage: Relevance of the Present
Authors: Vasylevych Marta
Published: June 2023

The challenges of the present force us to delve as deeply as possible into our past, bringing back from oblivion everything that will help us to restore historical justice and enrich Ukrainian culture. The article is dedicated to the description of the figure of the virtuoso violinist Ivan Yevstakhiiovych Khandoshkin in the light of his Ukrainian origin. He has been considered as the founder of Russian violin school until recently. The heritage of I. Khandoshkin has been still interpreted by Russian researchers exclusively as a component of Russian musical culture and all the details of his works, emphasizing the Ukrainian origin of the composer, are concealed. After all, this case has not been an isolated one, because in this way, at the expense of many names of Ukrainian origin, the so-called Russian culture is created, enriched and asserted. The work of Ukrainian composer and musician Mykhailo Stepanenko, who has emphasized the Ukrainian origin of the artist, presented the Ukrainian sounding of his name – Ivan Ostapovych Khandoshko, and confirmed his spiritual belonging to Ukrainian culture, manifested in his violin works, becomes a stimulus for this scientific investigation. There is also another Ukrainian, the tsarist officer Vasyl Myrovych, a descendant of the closest assistant and associate of Hetman Ivan Mazepa, Pereiaslav colonel Fedir Myrovych. Vasyl Myrovych has been executed by the tsarist government for the attempt of a coup d’état. Therefore, I. Khandoshko’s dedication of one of his best sonatas to the Ukrainian Vasyl Myrovych is another confirmation of the Ukrainian essence of the composer. Studying additional musicological and historical sources we have managed to clarify and enrich information about the life and works of I. Khandoshko, which is on the article authoress opinion of a great importance both for Ukrainian violin performance in particular and for the entire musical culture of Ukraine in general.
Prospective directions for the modernization of control tools load regime in the United energy system of Ukraine
Authors:   General Energy Institute of NAS of Ukraine, 172, Antonovycha St., Kyiv, 03150, Ukraine, Lenchevsky Yevhen , Godun Oleg ,   Scientific and Technical Center of SE NAEK "Energoatom", 22/24, Gogolivska St., Kyiv, 01054, Ukraine
Published: June 2023

Considered a promising possibility in the system of dispatching control of the load mode of the United energy system of Ukraine to ensure the processes of regulating the generating capacities of NPP stations. The new direction of construction of control systems using the United energy system of Ukraine mode will make it possible to abandon too expensive means of maneuverable generation, such as the construction of reserve stations with highly maneuverable TPPs that have high-speed start-up characteristics, as well as frequency control support systems using powerful storage batteries. Instead, it is proposed to use powerful automatically controlled electric boilers, previously included in the means of regulating the load regime of the combined energy system. This will contribute to the further development of the generating capacity of nuclear power plants, wind power plants, and thermal power plants, as well as to the resolution of issues related to ensuring the stability and sustainability of the combined power system. Keywords: Unified power system, powerful electric boilers, automated dispatch control system, daily electrical load schedule, main power transmission lines.
Immunological mechanisms of increased susceptibility to COVID-19 disease and its severe course in patients with diabetes mellitus type 2 and obesity
Authors:   V. P. Komisarenko Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism,National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Zak K. P. , Tronko M. D. ,   V. P. Komisarenko Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism,National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Komisarenko S. V. ,   Palladin Institute of Biochemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv
Published: June 2023

In this review, we analyze and summarize literature data and the results of our own research related to the immunity status of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) and those T2D patients who were infected with the SARS-CoV-2 virus. It was shown that in the blood plasma of T2D patients, especially those with ele­vated BMI, the level and ultrastructure of the main cellular components of natural immunity – neutrophils and monocytes – were affected accompanied by high levels of proinflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-17 and TNF-α). It was suggested that the increased susceptibility of T2D patients to SARS-CoV-2 infection is primarily­ due to a weakening of the innate immune defense against pathogens, whereas in T2D patients who have COVID-19, adaptive T-cell immunity disorders accompanied by a cytokine storm prevail. It was concluded that hyperinflammation in T2D+COVID19 patients is the result of enhancement of already existing before SARS-CoV-2 infection T2D-caused disorders of innate and adaptive immunity, in the mechanism of which cytokines and chemokines play a significant role. Keywords: COVID-19, cytokines, innate and adaptive­ immunit, neutrophils, T-lymphocytes, type 2 diabetes mellitus
Oxydative stress in type 2 diabetic patients: involvement of HIF-1 alpha AND mTOR genes expression
Authors:   SI “The Scientific and Practical Medical Center of Pediatric Cardiology and Cardiac Surgery  of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine”, Clinic for Adults, Kyiv, Saenko Y. A. , Gonchar O. O. ,   Department of Hypoxia, Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv;, Mankovska I. M. ,   Department of Hypoxia, Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv;, Drevytska T. I. ,   Department of Hypoxia, Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv;, Bratus L. V. ,   Department of Hypoxia, Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv;, Mankovsky B. M. ,   SI “The Scientific and Practical Medical Center of Pediatric Cardiology and Cardiac Surgery  of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine”, Clinic for Adults, Kyiv;,   Shupyk National Healthcare University of Ukraine, Kyiv;
Published: June 2023

Biochemical and genetic mechanisms of oxidative stress (OS) developing in blood of patients with type 2 Diabetes mellitus (T2DM) were studied. Twenty patients with T2DM and 10 healthy persons participated in this study. Lipid peroxidation, the content of protein carbonyls and H2O2 production were measured in blood plasma and erythrocytes as OS biomarkers. Activity of SOD, catalase, and GPx as well as reduced glutathionе (GSH) level in plasma and erythrocytes were estimated. The gene expression of key regulators of oxygen and metabolic homeostasis (HIF-1α and mTOR) in leukocytes was studied. It was found a significant rise of TBARS and protein carbonyls content in plasma as well as of H2O2 production in erythrocytes from patients with T2DM compared to control. The diabetic patients also demonstrated an increase in the SOD and catalase activity in plasma and significantly lower GSH content and GPx activity in erythrocytes compared to the healthy participants. The established marked inhibition of mTOR gene expression and the tendency to an increase in HIF-1α gene expression in leukocytes of patients with T2DM may serve as a protective mechanism which counteracts OS developing and oxidative cell damage. Keywords: HIF-1α, mTOR, oxidative stress, type 2 diabetes mellitus
Розвиток нейтронної рефлектометрії поверхневих шарів рідинних систем
Authors: Kosiachkin Y. , Bulavin L.A. , Kopcansky P.
Published: June 2023

З метою розвитку методiв нейтронної та рентґенiвської рефлектометрiї для дослiдження поверхневих шарiв рiдинних систем запропоновано метод збiльшення чутливостi рефлектометричного експерименту до появи та еволюцiї приповерхневих шарiв. У зв’язку з цим, проведено тестування багатошарових гетероструктур Ni/Ti щодо практичного застосування квазиоднорiдного пiдходу зi змiною ефективної густини довжини розсiяння рентґенiвського випромiнювання тонких (товщиною до 100 нм) металевих плiвок в рентґенiвських рефлектометричних експериментах на прикладi електрохiмiчних iнтерфейсiв. Структури з надзвичайно малою товщиною двошарової системи Ni/Ti та рiзним спiввiдношенням товщин пiдшарiв нiкелю та титану були синтезованi методом магнетронного напилення. Проаналiзовано дзеркальну вiдбивну здатнiсть рентґенiвського випромiнювання вiд поверхнi гетероструктур для визначення межi можливостi використання квазиоднорiдного наближення.
Максимізація селективності ольфакторного рецепторного нейрона в підпороговому режимі
Authors: Vidybida A.K.
Published: June 2023

Ранiше було вiдомо, що представлення запахiв ольфакторному рецепторному нейрону (ОРН) в пiдпороговiй концентрацiї, тобто коли середнє значення кiлькостi його зв’язаних рецепторних бiлкiв (РБ) недостатнє для генерацiї спайкiв, але така генерацiя все ж можлива завдяки флуктуацiям навколо середнього, селективнiсть ОРН може бути вищою, нiж при вищих концентрацiях i, зокрема, вищою, нiж у його РБ. У цiй роботi для спрощеної моделi ОРН знайдено значення оптимальної концентрацiї для забезпечення найвищої селективностi i виведено залежнiсть найвищої селективностi вiд повної кiлькостi N РБ в ОРН i їх порогового значення N0. Ефект покращення селективностi в пiдпороговому режимi проявляється найкраще, коли N0 близьке до одиницi, або до N. Також вiн краще проявляється для бiльших N.
Features of the Generation of Energy States in the Lu1 – xVxNiSb Semiconductor
Authors: Romaka V.V. , Romaka V.A. , Stadnyk Yu.V. , Romaka L.P. , Plevachuk Y.O. , Horyn A.M. , Pashkevych V.Z. , Haraniuk P.I.
Published: June 2023

A comprehensive study of the crystal and electronic structures, thermodynamic, kinetic, energy, and magnetic properties of the Lu1−xVxNiSb semiconductor (x = 0÷0.10) has revealed the possibility for impurity V atoms to simultaneously occupy different crystallographic positions. At the same time, defects of the acceptor or donor nature are generated in the crystal structure of the Lu1−xVxNiSb solid solution, and the corresponding energy states appear in the band gap ϵg. The concentration ratio of donor-acceptor states determines the position of the Fermi level ϵF and the mechanisms of electrical conductivity of Lu1−xVxNiSb. The results of the modeling of thermodynamic and transport properties of the semiconductor are consistent with experimental data. Understanding the mechanism of energy state generation in the semiconductor Lu1−xVxNiSb allows the modeling and production of new thermoelectric materials with a high efficiency of converting the thermal energy into the electrical one.
Leveraging the Collective Impact Model to Advocate for Pregnant and Parenting Teens
Authors: Smiley Yael , Manget Jaytoya , Jolda Christiana , Chokshi Binny
Published: June 2023

Over 140 000 adolescents in the United States became parents in 2021. Expectant and parenting youth face health and socioeconomic challenges, which in turn affect the health of their children. This case study describes the formation and outcomes of a citywide network, the District of Columbia Network for Expectant and Parenting Teens (DC NEXT), an interdisciplinary collaboration that aims to prioritize the voices of expectant and parenting teens and build their capacity to make healthy decisions about relationships, sex, parenting, and education. By employing the 5 principles of collective impact, DC NEXT has been able to successfully bring together multiple stakeholders and a context team of teen parents with lived experience. Accomplishments include direct engagement with 550 youth, caregivers, and community members, completing a health and well-being survey, improving access to essential programs and resources, and training hundreds of staff members to provide trauma-informed, human-centered care. DC NEXT may serve as a model for others seeking to develop interdisciplinary community-based advocacy coalitions.
Mensuração de eficácia coletiva
Authors: Silva Andrêze Cristine do Nascimento , Barbosa Altemir José Gonçalves
Published: June 2023

Para efetuar uma revisão sistemática de pesquisas empíricas sobre mensuração de eficácia coletiva (EC), 49 artigos empíricos indexados no PsycNET ou na Web of Science foram analisados. A mensuração de EC tem se concentrado no âmbito esportivo e em amostras de adultos. A estratégia mais comum é o agregado de crenças individuais na capacidade grupal de atingir objetivos. As evidências de validade apresentadas para medidas são principalmente as baseadas na estrutura interna e/ou na relação com outras variáveis. O alfa de Cronbach é o principal indicador de fidedignidade. Observou-se incoerência entre conceito e medidas de EC em cerca de 40% dos artigos. Esta revisão identificou problemas psicométricos na mensuração de EC, especialmente aqueles referentes à coerência entre conceito e medida. Recomenda-se que a construção de novas medidas respeite as diretrizes propostas tanto pela Teoria Social-Cognitiva quanto pela área de avaliação psicológica.
Pathological and molecular investigation of canine distemper virus: Phylogenetic analysis of co-circulating genetic lineages in Türkiye
Authors: Karapınar Zeynep , İlhan Fatma , Usta Mustafa , Timurkan Mehmet Özkan
Published: June 2023

Canine distemper virus (CDV) is a highly contagious virus that infects a wide variety of animals of carnivore species and may cause manifestations from subclinical infection to fatal disease. In this study, dogs clinically suspected having distemper were examined by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), histopathology and immuno-histochemistry. By histopathological examination, characteristic intracytoplasmic and/or intranuclear inclusion bodies were observed in the lung, stomach, small intestine, liver, kidney, spleen and central nervous system. Interstitial and broncho-interstitial pneumonia, gastroenteritis and encephalitis were revealed. CDV antigens were detected in all tissues with characteristic histopathological findings. The antigens were more abundant in the bronchial and bronchiolar epithelium and in the syntitial cells. Phylogenetic analyses were performed using the PCR-amplified partial sequences of the genes encoding the viral heamagglutinin and fusion proteins. The phylogenetic trees showed that the newly determined sequences were diverse and clustered within different lineages of the European or the Arctic strains.
Impact of Education on Economic Development
Authors: Pal Lakshman Chandra
Published: June 2023

Education is widely acknowledged as the most important tool for socioeconomic development in a country. It catalyzes boosting productivity and promoting technological advancements. There is a clear positive relationship between education levels and stages of economic growth. As the population's education level improves, it opens up and expands various sectors of the economy, including secondary, tertiary, and quaternary sectors, leading to increased job opportunities and contributing to the overall size of the country's gross domestic product. Qualitative research methods were employed in this study to uncover the impact of education on economic development, with a specific focus on the agriculture, manufacturing, and earnings sectors. The study explored the intricate connections between education and these sectors through document analysis, and observations. The findings highlighted the transformative power of education in driving sustainable and inclusive economic progress. Education also plays a pivotal role in uplifting agricultural and industrial productivity by adopting modern inputs and technology, resulting in higher wages for the workforce. Educated individuals tend to earn more, invest in their family's well-being and healthcare, and enjoy longer lives, thereby fostering societal development. This paper contributes to the existing body of knowledge by comprehensively understanding how education influences economic development, particularly in the agriculture, manufacturing, and earnings sectors. It underscores the importance of education as a driver of sustainable and inclusive growth, emphasizing the need for continued investment in education to ensure long-term socioeconomic progress.
Examining the Concept of Educational Leadership from the Classical Islamic Worldview
Authors: Suddahazai Imran H Khan
Published: June 2023

-This article explores the concept of leadership from the perspective of the Islamic worldview. It begins by emphasizing the fundamental belief in Allah's Oneness and Supreme nature and the purpose of human beings as servants to serve Allah. The relationship between God and humans is based on followership, with every individual considered a unique creation with an exclusive bond to Allah (sbt) as the only true leader. The article highlights the idea of equality in Islamic thought, where individuals are seen as equals but undergo trials to test their characters and facilitate personal growth. It further discusses how individuals striving for virtuous Knowledge can attain positions of respect and recognition, emphasizing that leadership is determined by the extent to which individuals realize their latent potentialities. The article also explores the dialectical approach, which harmonizes seemingly contradictory notions and prevents the fragmentation of self, thought, values, and norms. It emphasizes the Importance of learning from divergent opinions and acknowledges the constant need for assessing and reformulating theory and practice. The concept of education is deeply rooted in the Islamic worldview, encompassing the holistic developmental progression of individuals based on their Knowledge and understanding of creation. The article concludes by asserting that leadership in the Islamic worldview involves actively witnessing faith in action and integrating secular and divine Knowledge. It highlights the dialogical-dialectical process through which educational leaders guide their followers towards continual self-development. Overall, this article provides insights into the understanding of leadership derived from the Islamic worldview.
Kitap ve Kütüphane: Kitaplar ile Geçen Bir Ömür Mustafa Vedat SÖNMEZ’e Armağan
Authors: Aydemir Şenay Burcu
Published: June 2023

“Tarihi Kütüphaneler”, “Cumhuriyet Dönemi Kütüphaneleri”, “Dünya Kütüphaneleri” ve “Tarih Boyunca Türklerde Kitap” olmak üzere dört farklı bölüm altında 27 yazı ile Mustafa Vedat SÖNMEZ röportajını da içeren bir yazının da bulunduğu, farklı dönemler üzerinden kütüphanelerin değerlendirildiği aynı zamanda tarih boyunca Türklerde kitap ve kitap kültürünün de ele alındığı “Kitap ve Kütüphane: Kitaplar ile Geçen Bir Ömür Mustafa Vedat SÖNMEZ’e Armağan” başlıklı eser tanıtım yazısı olarak değerlendirilerek hazırlanmıştır.
Türk Dili 2: Akademik Yazma Eğitimi
Authors: Çakmak Nermin
Published: June 2023

Bu çalışmada, Mehmet Nuri Kardaş ve Raşit Koç’un editörlüğünü yaptığı “Türk Dili 2: Akademik Yazma Eğitimi” başlıklı kitabın dördüncü basımının incelenmesi amaçlanmaktadır. Kitabın hazırlanmasında, ilk kez 2018 yılında eğitim fakültelerinin lisans programında yer alan “Türk Dili 2” dersinin müfredatı dikkate alınmıştır (s. iii). Kitap, her bölümü farklı yazarlar tarafından kaleme alınan on üç bölümden oluşmaktadır. Kitapta akademik yazım unsurları pek çok açıdan kapsamlı bir şekilde ele alınmıştır. Her bölümde konu ile ilgili sunulan örnekler ve değerlendirme soruları konuların daha iyi öğrenilmesini pekiştirecek niteliktedir. Kitap eğitim fakültelerinde öğrenim gören lisans öğrencilerine yönelik olsa da kitapta akademik yazım sürecinin tüm boyutlarının teorik ve uygulama örnekleriyle kapsamlı bir şekilde ele alınması, kitabın Bilgi ve Belge Yönetimi de dâhil olmak üzere bütün disiplinlerdeki lisans ve lisansüstü öğrencileri için rehber kitap olma niteliği taşıdığı söylenebilir.
Reconstructive surgeries in the case of the knee joint osteoarthritis
Authors: Popsuishapka Olexii , Lytvyshko Valerii , Pidgaiska Olga , Ashukina Nataliya , Romanenko Kostiantyn , Danуshchuk Zinaida
Published: June 2023

Objective. To clarify the indications and volume of reconstructive surgeries under conditions of knee joint arthritis and to improve the methods of surgical correction of peri-articular deformations using an external rod fixator. Methods. During the last 10 years (2012‒2022), reconstructive surgeries were performed in 45 patients (49 joints). Indications for surgery were based on the study of pain and its localization, peri-articular deformation of the limb, ultrasound (USD) and X-ray examinations. Results. Indications for certain reconstructive surgical interventions on the knee joint are substantiated. The role of pathological changes of the meniscus in the development of knee joint arthritis has been determined. The positive clinical effect of paracapsular resection of the front part of the meniscus with hyperplastic growths of synovial tissue is shown. Deformation of the extremety (43 patients — with varus deformity, 2 — with valgus deformity) limited the function of the limb and caused pain. Surgical treatment in such cases were aimed at eliminating the deformation of the proximal part of the tibia. The types of osteotomies, the features of the author's rod external fixation device application, and the postoperative management of patients are presented. Due to external fixator, it is possible to perform, if necessary, angular correction of the limb axis during the period when the patient begins to walk with partial weight bearing, and the functional load of the limb makes it possible to achieve fusion of fragments within 3.5–4 months. A long-term positive clinical effect was obtained in 42 (93 %) patients. Conclusions. Indications for pathogenetic treatment should be based, first of all, on the identification of the source (or pathogenesis) of the pain syndrome, then on the analysis of the type and magnitude of peri-articular deformation of the limb, signs of functional insufficiency of the limb associated with it. In the third place, the X-ray signs should be analyzed. Elimination of angular peri-articular deformation of the limb has a positive effect on the course of knee arthritis, reduces pain, increases physical activity, and slows down the progression of cartilage destruction.
Validation of Pedi-IKDC scale and intercultural adaptation to Ukrainian language
Authors: Yakushkin Yevgen , Katsalap Yelizaveta , Khmyzov Sergij
Published: June 2023

There are no questionnaires available in Ukrainian that can be used to objectify the results of treatment of orthopaedic and traumatological pathology of the knee joint in children. In world practice, subjective Pedi-IKDC and KOOS-Child scales are used for this purpose. Objective. Validation, intercultural adaptation and translation of the Pedi-IKDS scale in English (original) into Ukrainian for paediatric patients. Methods. Translation and adap­tation agreed with the copyright holder of the AOSSM test and performed according to the requirements of the Recommendations for the Cross-Cultural Adaptation of Health Status Measures of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons Institute for Work & Health. The translated and adapted questionnaire has been tested on a heterogeneous group of 10 children treated for knee pathology. The questionnaire has been adjusted. The participants (both sexes, aged 10–18 years) have been divided into two groups for validation: I — without knee pathology, tested once; II — with knee injuries and physical limitations, tested before and after treatment. Results. We obtained 50 questionnaires in group I (50 child­ren). Student's t-test has been chosen for the analysis of results. To compare the accuracy of the translation, a comparison has been made with the results of A.Y. Nasreddine's study (unpaired Student's t-test). The resulting differences between the original questionnaire and its translation have not been statistically significant (p = 0.966). Group II received 200 questionnaires. A paired Student's t-test has been chosen for analysis. Test results before and after treatment have been significantly different (t2 > tcrit, p < 0.001). The appropriateness and objectivity of the Pedi-IKDC questionnaire have been confirmed. Conclusions. The Pedi-IKDC test has been successfully translated into Ukrainian and adapted for use. The quality of adaptation has been confirmed and no statistically significant difference has been found compared to the results of the world stu­dies. Pedi-IKDC is recommended to be used in children with knee pathology for clinical and scientific purposes.
BIOCHEMICAL INDICATORS OF BLOOD SERUM OF RATS OF DIFFERENT AGES AFTER FILLING THE DEFECT IN THE METAPHYSIS OF THE FEMUR WITH ALLOGENEIC BONE IMPLANTS
Authors: Vorontsov Petro , Leontyeva Frieda , Tuliakov Vladyslav
Published: June 2023

Bone defects that do not heal on their own are a significant problem in orthopaedic and trauma surgery. One of the approaches to its solution is the use of bone alloimplants (AloI). Objective. On the basis of the analysis of biochemical indicators of the metabolism of connective tissue in the blood serum of laboratory rats, the course of metabolic processes after the filling of the defect in the metaphysis of the AloI femur was evaluated. Methods. A model of creating a transcortical defect of critical size (diameter 3 mm, depth 3 mm) in the metaphysis of the femur of 3- and 6-month-old rats was used. In animals of groups I (n = 15, age 3 months) and III (n = 15,12 months) the defects were left unfilled, II (n = 15, 3 months) and IV (n = 15, 12 months) — filled with structural AloI. After 14, 28 and 90 days, the content of glycoproteins, total chondroitin sulphates (CS), protein and calcium, activity of alkaline and acid phosphatases in blood serum was investigated. Results. The introduction of AloI leads to an increase in the content of glycoproteins for all periodsof observation in rats of both age groups. 14 days after implantation in 12-month-old rats, compared to 3-month-old rats, a 1.30 times higher level of CS in blood serum was determined (p = 0.008), which is due to their higher content in the area of connective tissue implantation; the activity of alkaline phosphatase decreased by 1.80 times p = 0.016) and acid phosphatase by 1.50 times (p = 0.018), which indicates a delay in the formation and reorganization of bone tissue. However, the level of CS under the conditions of the establishment of AloI on the 90th day was lower compared to the correspondinggroups without plasticity of the defect: in 3-month-old rats by 1.44 times ( p = 0.008), in 12-month-old rats by 1.52 times (p = 0.008). Conclusions. According to the indicators of biochemical markers of connective tissue metabolism, the use of AloI for plasticity of defects of a critical size in the metaphysis of the femur of rats leads to the activation of bone regeneration with a greater manifestation in younger recipients compared to groups with an unfilleddefect.
Management of osteoporosis in men based Ukrainian version of FRAX
Authors: Povoroznyuk Vladyslav , Grygorieva Nataliia , Musiienko Anna , Bystrytska Maryna
Published: June 2023

Objective. The aim of the study was to evaluate the impact of the previous published FRAX thresholds in a male referral cohort from Ukraine. Methods. The cohort comprised 653 men aged 40‒88 years (mean age 60.5 ± 11.8). The 10-year probabilities of hip fracture and a major osteoporotic fracture werecalculated using the Ukrainian FRAX model. The intervention threshold was set at the age specific fracture probability as first used by the National Osteoporosis Guideline Group for FRAXbased guidelines in the UK and adapted for the Ukraine. Treatment pathways were compared with a previously published female referral cohort from Ukraine. Results. 27 % of men and 51 % of women referred for skeletal assessment had a prior fracture that categorized eligibility for treatment that was more frequent in women than in men. The requirement for BMD testing was also higher in women than in men (18.3 % vs. 4.9 %, respectively). If referral for fracture risk assessment was contingent on the presence of at least one FRAX risk, the proportion of men and women eligible for treatment would rise from 5 % to 89 % in men and from 57 % to 93 % in women. Conclusions. This study demonstrated a higher need for both antiosteoporotic treatment without DХA and additional densitometric examination to further assess the osteoporotic fractures risk in Ukrainian women compared to men and the need for special attention in fracture risk assessment in men with previous fractures. The developmentof National guidelines together with a validation based on cost-effectiveness would help drive a cohesive national approach to risk assessment in both men and women.
ECONOMIC ESSENCE AND SIGNIFICANCE OF INNOVATIONS IN MODERN ECONOMIC CONDITIONS
Authors: BELІANSKA Yu. V.
Published: June 2023

Goal. Determining the economic essence of innovation based on the analysis of legislative and literary sources. Characterization of scientists' views and highlighting the main approaches to understanding the essence of innovation. Formulation of own vision of economic essence of innovations as a factor of development and competitiveness in modern conditions of dynamic changes. Method. To achieve this goal, a systematic approach, deductive method, comparison, grouping, generalization, analysis and synthesis are used. Results. Innovations are the introduction of new - new technologies, products, services, organizational solutions, business models that provide results in the form of economic, scientific and technical, social, informational, environmental effects and competitive advantages. Innovation is seen as an idea, a creative source of creating new, better, original, more effective, as a special means of adapting to the market and consumer needs. Innovation as a process reflects the need for innovation in today's competitive environment. Indicates the existence of life cycles of innovation from the origin of the idea and its justification to implementation and practical use. Innovation reflects development, emphasizing its dialectical connection with economic fluctuations. Scientific novelty. The definition of innovation as a result of the idea in the form of introduction of new or improved technologies, products, services that have economic, social and other effects in the process of development and gaining competitive advantage. The formulated definition includes selected approaches to the consideration of innovation as a technology, product or service (introduction of a new one); as an effect, a result; as ideas; as a process; as development. Practical importance. A comprehensive understanding of the essence of innovation on the basis of key aspects of its sources and impact on the competitiveness of economic entities will better identify the types of innovations, their characteristics, evaluation of efficiency.
PROBLEMS OF FORMATION OF THE RESOURCE BASE OF FINANCIAL SUPPORT FOR THE OPERATIONS OF THE ENTERPRISES OF THE COMMUNAL FORM OF PROPERTY
Authors: STRIGUL L.S. , DOROMANJI A.V. , STRIGUL A.
Published: June 2023

Purpose. The work is devoted to the study of the problem of the formation of a resource base for financial support of enterprises of communal ownership in the context of decentralization and the development of directions for attracting investments, and ways of transforming them into an effective tool for social and economic development. Methodology. To solve this scientific problem, the following methods were used: retrospective; structural; comparative analysis of empirical data; graphical and analytical; abstract logical generalization. Results. The paper investigates and analyzes the problems and factors of the formation of the resource base of the financial support of domestic utilities of the underground. Scientific novelty. In the process of analyzing the formation of a resource base for financial support of the activities of municipal metro enterprises, it is proposed to introduce new financing mechanisms, which will improve the efficiency of their functioning, the provision of high-quality public services and the effective use of budget funds. Practical significance. Certain results and conclusions of the article can be used by local authorities and local governments to implement the directions of attracting financial and ways of transforming them into an effective tool for the socio-economic development of metro enterprises.
UPDATE OF THE COMPLEX OF PRICING PRINCIPLES AS A CONSEQUENCE OF DEREGULATION OF PRICES FOR USE OF FREIGHT RAILWAY CARS
Authors: BAKALINSKIJ A.V. , MALITSKIJ V.
Published: June 2023

Purpose. Formation of modern set of pricing principles for cargo transportation by rolling-stock that belongs to JSC "Ukrzaliznytsia". The set have takes into account market conditions and features of the carrier activity in modern conditions. Method. Analysis of the influence of factors on the price of using freight cars before and after the beginning of deregulation of the price car component. Synthesis of an updated set of pricing principles. Results. Withdrawal from the state regulation of the price car component opened the opportunity to set the final price for the use of rolling-stock of JSC "Ukrzaliznytsia" on a market basis. However, the first experience of using the market price was negative - the demand for transportation decreased. The managerial errors in the pricing are explained by the inertia of pricing traditions. The new conditions require updating the set of pricing principles. The appropriate improvements are proposed in the article. Scientific novelty. The existing set of pricing principles has been improved by supplementing the principles: individual elasticity of demand; seasonality; timeliness of reaction. The taking into account the individual elasticity of client demand we propose in the first time. Significance for practice. The proposed set of pricing principles is the start point of the development of a new pricing model. Its compliance will reduce the probability of managerial errors in setting of prices for using of JSC "Ukrzaliznytsia" rolling-stock in the new conditions.
CONCEPTUAL FUNDAMENTALS OF INTERACTION ASSESSMENT IN INNOVATION PROCESSES
Authors: LISOVSKA L. S.
Published: June 2023

The purpose. The article examines methodological approaches and examines the problems of evaluating innovation activity based on establishing interaction systems in the context of the development of the open innovation model. Methods.The research uses general scientific methods and methods of theoretical and applied innovation. To conduct the research, the authors used general scientific and special principles, techniques and methods of scientific knowledge in the field of innovation management: semantic analysis, comparative analysis and systematization method; grouping method, factor analysis, analysis and synthesis, abstract-logical method. The Results. The paper defines the place and significance of interaction assessment in innovation processes and substantiates the conceptual framework for economic assessment of interaction systems in innovation processes, which include such elements as evaluation principles, evaluation tasks and functions, subjects and objects, tasks and stages of evaluation.  Scientific novelty. A conceptual approach to the assessment of interaction systems in innovation processes is justified, which, in contrast to the existing provisions of the assessment of innovation activity, provides for monitoring the processes of setting up, implementing and performing joint activities of participants in innovation processes. The practical significance. Both representatives of the business environment and local governments can use the developed approaches to improve the procedure for evaluating the effectiveness of regional development programs and projects and public-private partnership.
TRANSPORT TOURISM: ESSENCE, CLASSIFICATION AND DEVELOPMENT PROSPECTS IN UKRAINE
Authors: KULYNIAK ІHOR
Published: June 2023

The purpose. Research of theoretical aspects of the transport tourism organization, systematization, and addition of classification of transport tourism types, and also the consideration of tendencies and prospects of transport tourism development in Ukraine in modern conditions of the dynamic environment. Methods. The article uses methods of theoretical generalization using elements of analysis, synthesis, comparison, and systematization. The method of logical generalization and complex approach was used to form conclusions and recommendations. The results. Based on the analysis of scientific sources on the subject of the article, the theoretical aspects of the interpretation of the concept of "transport tourism" are investigated. The article presents a systematized and supplemented by the author classification of transport tourism types according to the following classification features: depending on the route; depending on the means of transportation (a type of vehicle); by seasonality; for the construction of the route; by the duration of the route; depending on the level of mobility; by the number of participants; depending on the presence of the subject of the travel organization; on a territorial basis; by the intensity of the tourist flow; by the degree of training; for travel. The study of current trends in tourism development, as well as the state of passenger transport and the level of development of transport infrastructure, allowed the author to determine the basis of promising areas of transport tourism in Ukraine. Scientific novelty. The author's improved approach to the classification of types of transport tourism according to different classification features is given; the main tendencies and prospects of transport tourism development in Ukraine are analyzed taking into account the modern conditions of a dynamic environment. The practical significance. The author substantiates the prospects for the development of transport tourism in Ukraine, in particular such types as road, rail, sea, and river, parachute, bicycle tourism, etc. The author concludes that it is possible for both the state and society, in particular, to obtain additional benefits and effects from the organization of transport tourism in Ukraine, the characteristics of which are presented in the article. All this is possible in the case of a clear understanding of the role and place of transport in the system of tourist services, the practical implementation of state programs to stimulate tourism development, as well as the restoration of existing and development of new transport infrastructure in Ukraine.
GOALS AND TOOLS OF RESEARCH OF THE DOMESTIC MARKET OF UKRAINE
Authors: KLEPANCHUK O.
Published: June 2023

The purpose. Analysis of the purpose of various tools for studying the effectiveness of the domestic market of Ukraine and the possibilities of their use to justify the institutional levers of market development management. Methods. A dynamic analysis of the structure of Ukraine's GDP by end use, analyzed the results of assessing the degree of economic freedom of market entities of Ukraine, studied the dynamics of indices of economic, financial, trade and general globalization of Ukraine. The Results. The main objectives of the internal market assessment are to identify the compliance of the market system with the objectives of the national economy and to substantiate the institutional tools and levers for managing such development. It is shown that a significant role in the positive dynamics of Ukraine's GDP is played by private consumption due to the growth of consumer sentiment. It was found that according to the rating of economic freedoms, Ukraine in 2019 occupied only 147 positions out of 180 surveyed countries, and among European countries, the Ukrainian domestic market was assessed as the least free. It is proved that the institutional implementation of measures to deregulate market processes can significantly enhance the free movement of capital and goods. Aggregated information to assess market availability, highlighting the factors of availability, which are formed by a number of quantitative and qualitative indicators. Further research is proposed to focus on the issues of competitive interaction of market participants at the levels of "producer-state", "producer-producer" and "producer-consumer", as well as dynamic analysis of levels of profitability, profitability and market productivity. Scientific novelty. A step-by-step comparative analysis of market availability indicators and opportunities to achieve economic interests and competitiveness of economic entities is proposed. The advantage of the methodology is the possibility of a comprehensive analysis of economic, social and political and legal factors influencing the attractiveness of the commodity market, which opens up prospects for targeted development of institutional tools for reform. The practical significance. The results of the assessment of the competitive state of the commodity market can be used by public authorities to develop specific measures within the framework of planning structural changes and institutional reforms in the domestic market
ANALYSIS OF LEGISLATIVE CHANGES IN REGULATING THE ACTIVITIES OF HIGHER EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS
Authors: CHAIKA I.
Published: June 2023

Goal. The article is devoted to the analysis of normative legal acts regulating the activity of higher education institutions of Ukraine, functions of state executive bodies and changes in the national system of higher education related to the desire to integrate into the European educational space. The study uses general scientific methods: historical, system and structural analysis, comparative analysis, logic synthesis. Results. The paper analyzes the last two versions of the Law "On Higher Education" and the impact of changes that have taken place on the work of state executive bodies and institutions of higher education (HEI). On the basis of official documents, the main achievements and unresolved problems of the higher education system of Ukraine are outlined, including the effective use of budgetary funds. New criteria for the distribution of public funds among higher educational institutions on the basis of their ranking in accordance with the results of previous activities are analyzed in order to create financial leverage to influence on the quality of national educational services, the structure of HEI partnerships with the labour market and international educational society. Practical significance. Some results and generalizations made in the paper can be used by both HEI and individual specialists in the field of higher education to review activities in accordance with modern requirements, namely: increased cooperation with business, participation in international research projects to improve educational programs, diversification of funding sources, etc., and thus, for further reform of Ukrainian higher education to solve pressing issues, including improving its quality.
THE DETERMINATION OF THE PARAMETERS CODED TRACK OF CHAIN
Authors: Serdiuk T. M. , Gavryliuk V. I.
Published: June 2023

The mathematic model, which is allowed us to give a scientific substantiation to the automated method of definition of parameters of a rail circuit on electro-motive force in locomotive coils proportional to a current in rails, was elaborated. The hardware-software complex was developed to realization of proposed method of definition of parameters of rail circuit. It is established on the base of car - laboratory.
THE RISK PREDICTION OF THE HEAT CASUALTIES IN ACCIDENTS AT INDUSTRIAL SITES
Authors: Biliaiev M. M. , Mashyhina P. B. , Tretiak M. K.
Published: June 2023

The method to calculate the thermo pollution and damage of people when the fire ball was burning was developed. The method is based on numerical integration of 3D equation of energy. The results of numerical experiments are presented.
THE METHOD OF PARAMETERIZATION OF THE PARETO SOLUTIONS IN VECTOR OPTIMIZATION PROBLEMS TO THE SOLUTION OF THE PROBLEM OF DETERMINING THE OPTIMAL COMPOSITION OF A PASSENGER TRAIN
Authors: Bosov A. A. , Kodola H. M.
Published: June 2023

The numerical example of the vector-optimization problem decision for a definition rational passenger train composition with the help of a parametrization method Парето of the decision is considered.
THE DETERMINATION OF PLANNING PERIODS TO THE TRAIN FORMATION
Authors: Kuznetsov V. H. , Erofeiev O. O.
Published: June 2023

The problem of definition of the settlement periods of planning for various conditions trains makeup is put. The factors influencing durations of the period of planning are established. The design procedure of range trains makeup and the period of the integrated planning trains makeup for the established range is considered. The methodical positions are given, allowing to establish the periods of routine planning trains makeup and the periods trains makeup the developed plans. The problem of reliability of the information in system of formation of trains is considered. Groups of events in system of planning are allocated. For each group the reasons which conduct to decrease of reliability of the information are established. The design procedure of reliability of the information in system trains makeup is given. It is determined influence reliability of the information for the periods of planning. The technique of definition of limiting value of the period of planning is given on reliability of the acting information. Recommendations for increase of reliability for each of the allocated groups of events are given.