bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Discontinuation of CSF drainage in acute hydrocephalus: a prospective cohort study and exploratory data analysis
Authors: Pandit Anand , Palasz Joanna , Harris Lauren , Nachev Parashkev , Toma Ahmed K
Published: April 2023

Purpose
The optimal management of CSF drainage in acute hydrocephalus, in particular when to initiate drain weaning, remains uncertain. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of timing and method of drain weaning on patient outcomes.
Methods
This prospective observational study in a large-volume tertiary neuroscience centre including all adult patients who required temporary CSF drainage for acute hydrocephalus of any cause, between January 2020 and March 2021. Contemporaneous data collection was conducted, including patient demographics, time to clamp, weaning methods, and clinical outcomes of hospital length of stay (LOS), rate of shunt insertion, drain-related infections, and mechanical complications. Univariate and multivariate statistical analyses were performed to identify the independent associations of timing-related factors.
Results
69 patients were included (mean age = 59.4 years). 59% had CSF diversion for aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage, and 88% had EVD drainage. The length of drainage prior to the first clamp was significantly associated with overall length of drainage (p<0.0001), LOS (p=0.004) and time to shunt (p=0.02) following multivariate adjustment. For each day delayed in initiating the drain challenge, the overall LOS increased by an additional 1.25 days. There was no association between weaning method and LOS, the rate of shunting, or CNS infection, however those in the gradually weaned group had more mechanical complications such as drain blockage or CSF leakage than those rapidly weaned (p = 0.03) after adjustment.
Discussion
The study recommends challenging the drain early, via a rapid wean, to reduce LOS, mechanical complications, and possibly infections. The consequences of temporary CSF diversion have significant implications at financial and patient levels, but the quality of evidence regarding weaning remains poor. Further randomized multi-center studies and national databases of practice are required to allow definitive conclusions to be drawn.
Educational Inequality among Rural Households of Jammu and Kashmir: Empirical Analysis from Income Perspective
Authors: Kumar Ajay
Published: April 2023

The paper aims to examine the level of educational inequality among rural households in Jammu and Kashmir, with a focus on income distribution and gender-specific inequality in educational attainment. The study reveals that the estimated Gini coefficient of education was higher for both men and women in the lowest income quintile households compared to those in the highest income quintile households. The study also found an inverse relationship between mean years of schooling and the education Gini index, indicating that increasing MYS could lead to a decrease in educational inequality. By considering income distribution and gender-specific inequality in educational attainment, policymakers can develop more effective policies that promote equal access to education and reduce educational inequality.
JEL Codes: D3, I24, J16, O15
The problem of emotional burnout in firefighters-rescuers of the Ministry of Emergency Situations
Authors: Ivanova S. V. , Maksimova E. P.
Published: April 2023

The article analyzes and evaluates the syndrome of emotional burnout in employees of the Ministry of Emergency Situations on the example of the fire and rescue department of Irkutsk. The analysis of the survey showed that all respondents manifested symptoms of emotional burnout. In 25% of 16 employees aged 18 to 35, the syndrome has already developed or was developing. This necessitates the implementation of psychological prevention measures among the fire and rescue department personnel. One of these methods is debriefing. Its goal is to reduce the severity of the psychological consequences of the trauma experienced by responding in safety and confidentiality. When participants share with each other impressions, reactions and feelings about what they have experienced, they have a reduced sense of abnormality in their own reactions, and internal tension decreases. This is such a peculiar way of mutual assistance, which contributes to the mobilization of internal resources.
An analysis of errors in determining contact voltage due to the ignorance of phase-to-ground fault resistance
Authors: Sidorov A. I.
Published: April 2023

One of the ways to assess the danger of electric shock in electrical distribution networks is the analytical determination of the touch voltage. In the emergency mode in these networks (phase-to-ground fault), the value of contact voltage depends on phase-to-ground fault resistance. Taking into account that the short circuit of the overhead line wire forming the distribution network can be on vegetation, snow, ice, melt water, etc., taking the short circuit resistance to zero will cause significant errors. The article describes possible errors in the calculation of contact voltage in the distribution networks with voltages up to 1000 V in different neutral modes in case of the phase-to ground fault.
Recycling of ash slag of the fuel and energy complex into the production of porous aggregate and its ecological and economic efficiency
Authors: Abdrakhimov V. Z. , Laukhin V. M.
Published: April 2023

Currently, the need to solve the accumulated environmental problems is crucial for the survival of mankind. The article describes a method of processing a large–tonnage secondary resource - ash and slag and waste of the fuel and energy industry. An assessment of the ecological and economic efficiency of this technology was presented. It showed that the use of large-tonnage waste of the fuel and energy industry makes it possible to obtain porous aggregates with improved physical and mechanical properties. It was shown that ash-slag waste can be used as a filler and a burn-out additive in the production of porous fillers based on the liquid-glass composition. The new technology for obtaining a porous filler (RF patent № 2470885) involves the following operations: grinding andmixing, obtaining granules, heat treatment at 250-300 °C, heat trearment at 1000 oC, production of a porous filler M400 with a thermal conductivity of less than 0.25 W / (m °>C). The method of production of porous aggregate allows for the use of large–tonnage waste - ash and slag materials without the use of natural traditional raw materials such as clay, and quartz sand. The study has shown that porosity is little visible. This means that the ash–slag material contributes to the production of closed pores in the porous filler, which increases strength of the products; the optimal amount of ash-slag is 37%. The results of the use of ash and slag are as follows: a) an increase in the volume of production of porous aggregates due to waste recycling; b) increased profit; c) higher waste capacity; d) saving on material resources.
Reducing stress as a path to professional health of the teaching staff
Authors: Chernykh S. S.
Published: April 2023

The article describes the study of psychological health of teachers of general, professional and higher educational institutions. The analysis revealed that emotional stress and load have a considerable  effect on the professional health of teachers. The article also analyzes the concepts of stress and professional burnout. Teachers from different institutions were examined to assess the prevalence of professional burnout. Features of this process were described, and strategies for improving professional health were suggested. The psychological state of teachers was analyzed, and symptoms of burnout which affect professional health were identified. The need to improve the working conditions of pedagogical workers was emphasized in the concluding section.
Time to Flip? Feedback from UNIMAS Medical Students Towards Implementation of Flipped Pathology Classroom
Authors:   Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, Sarawak, Malaysia, Ahmad Narihan Mohammad Zulkarnaen , Awang Ojep Dayangku Norlida ,   Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, Sarawak, Malaysia, Ahadon Madzlifah ,   Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, Sarawak, Malaysia, Than Than Aye ,   Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, Sarawak, Malaysia, Law Leh Shii ,   Department of Community Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, Sarawak, Malaysia, Ahmad Razali Shazrina ,   Medical Education Unit, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, Sarawak,Malaysia
Published: April 2023

This study aimed to explore the perception of year two preclinical medical students towards flipped classroom over conventional teaching method through qualitative and quantitative approaches. The study involved 110 year two preclinical medical students at the Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak from October 2020 to January 2021. Five one-hour pathology lectures were divided into two parts covering different topics of the lecture. The first half hour used conventional teaching, while the second half hour used flipped classroom. Student feedback was collected through a 19-item, self-administered questionnaire comprising 15 quantitative questions in three structured instruments and four qualitative open-ended questions. The score for mean perception of flipped classroom was significantly different according to place of residence while the mean knowledge acquisition score was significantly different among students using different internet sources. In addition, for examination preparation, slightly more than one third preferred traditional classroom. Six aspects of improvement on flipped classroom were identified: learning materials; teaching methods; quality of resource materials; class activity and interaction; choices of topics for flipped classroom; and time, pace, and atmosphere of lessons. Three aspects of significance of flipped classroom were captured, which included facilitating understanding and revision; flexible time, ability to ask and answer; and ability to share, focus and identify mistakes. A flipped classroom shows much potential in medical education. Future studies on feedback from students are needed to improve the flipped classroom to suit the Malaysian context.
New Mineral Names
Authors: Celestian Aaron J.
Published: April 2023

This issue of New Mineral Names provides a summary of five new species: pohlite, muonionalustaite, medvedevite, gysinite-(La), and nioboheftetjernite.
Kombinasi Analytical Hierarchy Process, C4.5, dan Particle Swarm Optimization pada Klasifikasi Pegawai
Authors: Nugroho Dafiz Adi , Widodo Catur Edi , Gernowo Rahmat
Published: April 2023

Decision Tree C4.5 is widely implemented in various research fields in determining classification, but there are still weaknesses in Decision Tree C4.5, one of which is that it cannot rank each alternative. In this study, to overcome the weakness of Decision Tree C4.5, a combination of Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) methods, Decision Tree C4.5, and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) methods is proposed in the case study of employee classification for promotion recommendations. The research begins by determining the criteria and weighting criteria from the interview results which are then processed with AHP to produce employee ratings and eligibility labels for the classification process. The classification process uses the Decision Tree C4.5 method which is optimized with the PSO algorithm so as to produce employee eligibility data for promotions. The results of the combined research of AHP, Decision Tree C4.5, and PSO methods show that AHP can produce employee ratings based on performance and potential criteria, and Decision Tree C4.5 classification and optimization with PSO have better accuracy results, namely 95.80% compared to Decision Tree C4.5 method without PSO optimization is 93.40%. Based on the results of the ranking and classification of this research can be used as a basis for promotion of employees.
Algoritma C4.5 Untuk Klasifikasi Kelayakan Kredit Calon Debitur Pada Sistem Informasi Penjualan
Authors: Sutjiadi Raymond , Rahmawati Titasari , Prahartiwi Anindya Ayu
Published: April 2023

In the era of information technology, the internet can be used as a medium to sell goods easily. By using the web-based information system, market coverage can be leveraged and the probability of getting customers is bigger. In a transaction, especially in the retail market, the process of buying is usually carried out using a credit payment system. Of course, in order to approve credit application is required scrutiny assessment from creditor to debtor profile to guarantee the payment continuity. In this research is developed a sales information system, which is integrated with creditworthiness determination feature using C4.5 algorithm. In this system, customers are able to buy and also apply credit. The credit application process can be rejected or accepted by the admin by looking at the credit trustworthiness as the result of C.45 algorithm process. By using this feature can be determined whether a debtor is qualified or not to receive credit, based on profile qualification such as occupation type, number of dependents, and domicile status. To develop information systems is used the method of Incremental Model. This method is chosen to prioritize the finishing system by its urgency, separated into several sub-processes, i.e., sales information system, account management, purchasing, and admin. The system implementation result is tested using the Black-Box Testing method, which is considered the most effective to test the system comprehensively. Also, from the test result of creditworthiness determination feature is obtained accurate result with the average value of Precision = 0.876, Recall = 0.952, and F-Measure = 0.912.
Effect of gender participation on determining the maturity of crossed-due loans: Evidence from microfinance companies of Nepal
Authors: Kumar Dahal Arjun , Bhattarai Ganesh , Bahadur Budhathoki Prem
Published: April 2023

The impact of gender participation on the maturity of crossed-due loans is observed in this study. Furthermore, the associations between maturity of crossed-due loans, their number, and loan issued on physical collateral and collective bail are also monitored using the unbalanced panel data of thirty microfinance companies. The study investigates the short- and long-term link between response and predictor variables. It is founded on an exploratory and descriptive research design. The Hausman test, fixed effect or LSDV model, Pedroni and Kao co-integration test are used to observe the relation and impact. The maturity crossed due loan number, total loan amount, loan issued against physical collateral, and loan allocated on collective bail are jointly significant to determine the maturity of crossed due loan amount of microfinance companies of Nepal. It is found that women are more conscientious in repaying loans on time compared to male borrowers. Per rupee 0.382 rupees, a maturity crossed due loan is found in microfinance companies where only women can borrow, but per rupee 0.404 rupees, a time crossed due loan is found where men and women can borrow. Policymakers of banks are not necessarily hesitant to provide loans to female borrowers.
ESG vs conventional indices: Comparing efficiency in the Ukrainian stock market
Authors: Plastun Alex , Makarenko Inna , Huliaieva Liudmyla , Guzenko Tetiana , Shalyhina Iryna
Published: April 2023

This paper explores market efficiency in the Ukrainian stock market to determine whether there are differences between traditional and ESG indices. Different data properties related to market efficiency are explored: persistence (R/S analysis is used for these purposes), stationarity (ADF tests), normality (Kolmogorov-Smirnoff, Anderson-Darling test, etc.), resistance to market anomalies (Day of the week effect, abnormal returns and patterns they generate are tested using parametrical and non-parametrical statistical tests), etc. Database includes daily data from 2 conventional Ukrainian stock market indices (UX and PFTS) and ESG index (WIG Ukraine) over the period 2015–2022. The following hypothesis is tested in this paper: ESG indices are more efficient than traditional ones. The findings suggest that there are no significant differences between traditional and ESG indices: they have the same persistence, stationarity, do not fit normal distribution and are not influenced by explored market anomalies. So, despite the fact that companies listed in the ESG index are more transparent and thus characterized by lower information asymmetry, they are more liquid and popular among investors, ESG index is not more efficient than traditional ones. This might be the result of unfair practices called “washing” aimed at signaling the active ESG involvement with actual absence of it. This means that many ESG companies are actually traditional. To prevent such practices, the ESG reporting regulation needs to be revised.
AcknowledgmentAlex Plastun gratefully acknowledges financial support from the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine (0121U100473).
Treating and reusing polluted runoff from an informal settlement, South Africa
Authors: Winter Kevin , Mgese Sivile , Nicklin Emily , Maraj Kalpana
Published: April 2023

Biofiltration holds one of the most promising options for removing environmental pollutants from water by reducing inorganic matter, and nutrient concentrations and removing pathogens. This study evaluates the performance of six large field-scale biofiltration cells and assesses the risk of reusing this treated water for irrigating food gardens. The study took place at an abandoned wastewater treatment work (WWTW) in Franschhoek, South Africa. A batch operation was used to measure physical water properties and nutrient concentrations. Large stone cells performed best in reducing ammonia nitrogen (NH3) and orthophosphate () by 98 and 95%, respectively, however, an overall increase in nitrate () and nitrites () was also observed in these and other cells. Phytoremediation made a marginal contribution to reducing contamination. The extent to which biofiltration can be used to clean and reuse contaminated surface water runoff from an informal settlement to safely reuse the water for irrigation purposes is poorly understood. Laboratory analyses revealed that the water quality from four successive harvests broadly met South African guidelines for irrigation and compared favourably with the quality of vegetables from local supermarkets.
Methods of commercialization of the results of intellectual activity in the IT sphere
Authors: Pavlov Egor Sergeevich , Gofman Danil Denisovich
Published: April 2023

Intellectual activity is one of the key elements in the development of information technologies. The results of intellectual activity (RID) in the IT field, such as programs, applications, algorithms, databases, are a valuable asset for companies and individual entrepreneurs. To obtain an economic effect, it is necessary to use legal protection and methods of their commercialization. This article discusses the most common methods of commercialization of the results of intellectual activity in the IT sphere.
Terahertz-Graphene-Metasurface Based Biosensor with Dual-Resonance Response as a tool for cancer detection using cell specific frequency
Authors: Khussein Abobakr Mokhamed Abbakar
Published: April 2023

Early detection is the most important strategy for controlling and management of cancer, which can significantly increase the survival rate by detecting disease in the early stages and rapid treating and preventing the progression of the disease. Based on existence of specific cell frequencies in the form of the response of each cell to its own specific frequency and the difference between normal and tumor cell frequency levels as a hallmark for cancer detection, we suggest using Graphene-based metasurfaces. Owing to the outstanding physical properties of graphene, its biosensing applications implemented by the terahertz metasurface are widely concerned and studied.a novel design of the graphene metasurface, proposed by ( Tan et al., 12) consists of an individual graphene ring and an Hshaped graphene structure. The graphene metasurface exhibits a dual-resonance response, whose resonance frequency strongly varies with its geometrical parameters. The simulated results clearly show that the theoretical sensitivity, figure of merit, and quantity of the proposed graphene metasurface for breast cells reach 1.21 THz/RIU, 2.75 RIU-1, and 2.43, respectively. These findings may open up new avenues for promising applications in the diagnosis of cancers.
Impacto social do PPGINF-UFPR
Authors: Biscaia de Lacerda Gustavo
Published: April 2023

O presente artigo apresenta a proposta de autoavaliação realizada no Programa de Pós-Graduação em Informática da Universidade Federal do Paraná, no que se refere ao “impacto social” do programa. Essa autoavaliação baseou-se em uma pesquisa-piloto (survey) realizada no doutorado do PPGInf, com alunos e egressos, em que se perguntou diretamente qual sua atuação social; os principais resultados são expostos e comentados aqui. O artigo também discute em termos sociológicos e epistemológicos a noção de “impacto social”, argumentando que ele é ao mesmo tempo vago e de difícil operacionalização; assim, para que os programas de pós-graduação possam fazer a autoavaliação, devem substituir o “impacto social” pela “atuação social” (dos próprios PPGs, dos corpos discente e docente, dos grupos de pesquisa).
Diferenças na formação de docentes para o ensino superior nas áreas das Ciências Biológicas, da Saúde e Humanas
Authors: Alves Gislaine , Marques Ribeiro Maria Flavia Marques Ribeiro
Published: April 2023

A preparação para a docência no Ensino Superior deve ocorrer em programas de pós‑graduação (PPGs), não havendo diretrizes de como essa formação deve ocorrer. A CAPES, responsável pelo desenvolvimento e avaliação da pós‑graduação, determina que os pós‑graduandos realizem estágios de docência (ED) como forma de preparação para a docência universitária. Dessa forma, o objetivo deste trabalho foi verificar, por meio de questionário eletrônico, quais atividades de formação pedagógica, incluindo ED, eram realizadas pelos pós‑graduandos das Ciências Biológicas (CB), da Saúde (CS) e Humanas (CH). Em geral, os pós‑graduandos das CH realizam mais atividades de cunho teórico (disciplinas e discussões/seminários sobre ensino superior) enquanto os pós-graduandos das CB e CS realizam mais atividades de cunho prático (ED, elaboração e correção de atividades e auxílio em aulas práticas). Com relação ao ED, os pós-graduandos das CH dispõem de mais tempo com o supervisor que os das outras áreas. Além disso, um terço dos pós-graduandos das três áreas não ministrou aulas práticas nem participam das avaliações das turmas de graduação onde realizam o ED. Os pós-graduandos das CH avaliam a sua formação pedagógica mais positivamente do que os pós-graduandos das demais áreas. Assim, a discussão sobre a formação docente nos PPGs deve envolver as diversas áreas do conhecimento, incluindo as experiências de cada área, de modo a qualificar a formação pedagógica dos futuros docentes do Ensino Superior.
Rede Nordeste de Ensino (RENOEN) e algumas considerações sobre a noção de Doutorado Acadêmico x Doutorado Profissional
Authors: Vieira Alves Francisco Regis
Published: April 2023

A complexa noção de Philosophiae Doctor (Ph.D.) apresenta um processo evolutivo e de modificações de seu significado, desde um cenário das antigas escolas de Filosofia Medieval até o advento de um novo modelo de universidade, em que podemos observar a migração de uma ênfase do ensino para a pesquisa sistemática. Desse contexto, no presente trabalho, apresentamos uma discussão em torno desse processo evolutivo internacional e histórico sobre a noção de Ph.D. e, depois de algum tempo, suas variantes emergentes, como o caso do Doutorado profissional e do doutorado em Educação (Ed.D.). De modo especial, a partir dos exemplos identificados em países anglo-saxônicos e francófonos, buscamos situar uma proposta recém aprovada pela CAPES de Doutorado Acadêmico em Rede denominado Rede Nordeste de Ensino (RENOEN) e seus respectivos impactos para a pós-graduação e a necessária expansão na Região Nordeste, mediante observância para a área de ENSINO - 46.
Trajetórias profissionais de egressos de um curso de doutorado em Psicologia
Authors: Charles Laurent Franck Junior , Gianordoli-Nascimento Ingrid Faria , Queiroz Tatiana Pereira , Mikael Silva Thiago , Cirino Sérgio Dias
Published: April 2023

Este trabalho teve como objetivo principal investigar a trajetória profissional dos egressos do doutoradodo Programa de Pós-Graduação em Psicologia da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais. Nas últimasduas décadas, o número de programas de Doutorado em Psicologia cresceu exponencialmente no Brasil.Tal aumento é significativo sob diversos aspectos, especialmente em termos de política educacional. Noentanto, para analisar esse crescimento com mais rigor, são necessários estudos cuidadosamenteprojetados, com foco na absorção desses doutores pelo mercado de trabalho. Nesta pesquisa, analisamosa trajetória profissional de 88 doutores – 56 mulheres e 32 homens – que se formaram na UniversidadeFederal de Minas Gerais entre 2012 e 2018. Essa análise teve como objetivo examinar o perfil acadêmicoe profissional dos doutores, suas origens e destinos profissionais. Os resultados mostraram que, do totalda amostra, 73 (83%) doutores atuam, hoje, como docentes em Instituições de Ensino Superior públicase privadas. O percentual de egressos trabalhando como docentes coincide com a literatura, apontando que a universidade é a principal empregadora dos doutores. Os resultados também indicam que a docência deixou de ser uma atividade complementar do psicólogo, passando a ser uma área de atuação exclusiva.
Mestrados profissionais e desenvolvimento profissional da docência
Authors: Bittencourt Jane
Published: April 2023

Este artigo procura investigar o desenvolvimento profissional da docência com base nas contribuiçõesde um programa de pós-graduação, o Programa de Mestrado Profissional em Ensino de História(ProfHistória). Os mestrados profissionais foram instituídos no Brasil a partir de 1995 e consolidados apartir de sua inserção na Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES), em2009. Entre estes, focamos esta análise no Programa ProfHistória, destinado ao aperfeiçoamentoprofissional de professores da Educação Básica da área de História. A metodologia adotada se refere àanálise de conteúdo baseada nos textos de conclusão final de nove dissertações classificadas napremiação nacional do Programa nos anos de 2016, 2018 e 2020, tendo sido premiadas três dissertaçõesem cada ano. Partimos da premissa de que o desenvolvimento profissional da docência em cursos depós-graduação se baseia nas características da atividade de pesquisa acadêmica, que provoca a reflexãocriteriosa, crítica e propositiva a respeito do ensino, assim como provoca transformações no modo deanalisar e de compreender a própria docência. Evidenciamos, por meio desta análise, que de fato ostextos analisados apresentam evidências de ambos os aspectos e apresentam caráter problematizador,crítico e prescritivo em relação ao ensino de História, assim como indicativos de como a pesquisaoportunizou mudanças significativas no modo de compreender a própria atividade docente. Concluímosafirmando a relevância desta modalidade de pós-graduação, capaz de provocar mudanças no ponto devista dos estudantes-professores, mas também de renovar a própria concepção de pesquisa acadêmicavoltada para as práticas pedagógicas escolares.
Bioactive Vitamins and Epigenetic Modifications in Diabetes: A Perspective
Authors: Găman Mihnea-Alexandru , Cozma Elena-Codruța , Srichawla Bahadar S. , Cozma Matei-Alexandru , Kord Varkaneh Hamed , Chen Yongfeng , Găman Amelia Maria , Diaconu Camelia Cristina
Published: April 2023

Diabetes is a complex metabolic disease that has been associated with epigenetic changes.
External factors such as dietary patterns can induce an imbalance in the pools of micronutrients
and macronutrients in the body. Consequently, bioactive vitamins may influence epigenetic mechanisms
via several pathways: involvement in the control of gene expression, and in protein synthesis,
by acting as coenzymes and co-factors in the metabolism of methyl groups or methylation of
DNA and histones. Herein, we present a perspective on the relevance of bioactive vitamins in the
epigenetic modifications that occur in diabetes.
Regulation of HIF-1 by MicroRNAs in Various Cardiovascular Diseases
Authors: Moradi Sarabi Mostafa , Tarhriz Vahideh , Abkhooie Leila
Published: April 2023

Today, we see an increase in death due to cardiovascular diseases all over the world,
which has a lot to do with the regulation of oxygen homeostasis. Also, hypoxia-inducing factor 1
(HIF-1) is considered a vital factor in hypoxia and its physiological and pathological changes. HIF-
1 is involved in cellular activities, including proliferation, differentiation, and cell death in
endothelial cells (ECs) and cardiomyocytes. Similar to HIF-1α, which acts as a protective element
against various diseases in the cardiovascular system, the protective role of microRNAs (miRNAs)
has also been proved using animal models. The number of miRNAs identified in the regulation of
gene expression responsive to hypoxia and the importance of investigating the involvement of the
non-coding genome in cardiovascular diseases is increasing, which shows the issue's importance.
In this study, the molecular regulation of HIF-1 by miRNAs is considered to improve therapeutic
approaches in clinical diagnoses of cardiovascular diseases.
Sinularin Exerts Anti-cancer Effects by Inducing Oxidative Stress-mediated Ferroptosis,
Apoptosis, and Autophagy in Prostate Cancer Cells
Authors: Wu ZhengPing , Su MengQiao , Chen HanWu , Chen XuZhou , Chen Chung-Yi , An LiJie , Shao ZiChen , Liu XiaoYu , Lin Yi , OuYang Ai-Jun , Liu Chi-Ming
Published: April 2023

Introduction::

Prostate cancer is the second-leading cause of cancer death in men. Sinularin is a soft coralsderived
natural compound that has anticancer activity in many cancer cells. However, the pharmacological action of
sinularin in prostate cancer is unclear.

Aim:

The aim of the study is to examine the anticancer effects of sinularin in prostate cancer cells.

Methods:

We explored the anticancer effects of sinularin on the prostate cancer cell lines, PC3, DU145, and LNCaP,
by MTT, Transwell assay, wound healing, flow cytometry, and western blotting.

Results:

Sinularin inhibited the cell viability and colony formation of these cancer cells. Furthermore, sinularin inhibited
testosterone-induced cell growth in LNCaP cells by downregulating the protein expression levels of androgen receptor
(AR), type II 5α-reductase, and prostate-specific antigen (PSA). Sinularin significantly attenuated the invasion and
migration ability of PC3 and DU145 cells, with or without TGF-β1 treatment. Sinularin inhibited epithelialmesenchymal
transition (EMT) in DU145 cells after 48 h of treatment by regulating the protein expression levels of Ecadherin,
N-cadherin, and vimentin. Sinularin induced apoptosis, autophagy, and ferroptosis by regulating the protein
expression levels of Beclin-1, LC3B, NRF2, GPX4, PARP, caspase-3, caspase-7, caspase-9, cleaved-PARP, Bcl-2, and
Bax. Moreover, intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) were increased but glutathione was decreased after sinularin
treatment in PC3, DU145 and LNCaP cells.

Conclusion:

Sinularin regulated the androgen receptor signaling pathway and triggered apoptosis, autophagy, and
ferroptosis in prostate cancer cells. In conclusion, the results indicated that sinularin may be a candidate agent for human
prostate cancer and need further study for being applied to human.
Review on Diabetic Complications and their Management by Flavonoids
and Triterpenoids
Authors: Shivam  , Gupta Asheesh Kumar , Kumar Sushil
Published: April 2023

Diabetes mellitus, together with its numerous consequences, is rapidly becoming a major
health issue. Natural products are secondary metabolites found in plants that have a wide range of biological
functions. The development of anti-diabetic medications derived from natural compounds, particularly
those derived from plants having a documented folk-use history in the treatment of diabetes, is gaining
traction. Many studies have shown the usefulness of natural flavonoids with hypoglycemic properties in
the management of diabetic problems, along with their advantages. This paper describes the mechanisms
of action of several natural flavonoids whose hypoglycemic effects have been confirmed. Comprehensive
lifestyle treatments can help those at high risk of diabetes to avoid or delay the start of the disease, according
to the results of randomized controlled trials. Terpenoids are a type of natural substance that have
been identified as an anti-diabetic agent in various studies. Some of them are in various phases of preclinical
and clinical testing to conclude whether they can be used as anti-diabetic drugs. These compounds
can block the enzymes involved in insulin resistance, facilitate glucose metabolism, and positively affect
plasma glucose and insulin levels. By blocking multiple pathways implicated in diabetes and its consequences,
flavonoids and triterpenes can operate as potential agents in the treatment of diabetic retinopathy,
neuropathy, and nephropathy, as well as poor wound healing. However, there have been few attempts
to investigate the biological effects of triterpenes and clinical research investigating their use in the treatment
of diabetes. As a result, it is critical to pay close attention to these chemicals' therapeutic potential
and to contribute fresh information to the scientific community. This review focuses on current advancements
in flavonoids and triterpenes chemistry, derivatives, biological interventions, and therapeutic applications,
with a focus on diabetes and related illnesses.
Intracellular Compartmentalization: A Key Determinant of MicroRNA Functions
Authors: Nalavade Rohit , Singh Mohini
Published: April 2023

Being an integral part of the eukaryotic transcriptome, miRNAs are regarded as vital regulators of diverse developmental and physiological processes. Clearly, miRNA activity is kept in check by various regulatory mechanisms that control their biogenesis and decay pathways. With the increasing technical depth of RNA profiling technologies, novel insights have unravelled the spatial diversity exhibited by miRNAs inside a cell. Compartmentalization of miRNAs adds complexity to the regulatory circuits of miRNA expression, thereby providing superior control over the miRNA function. This review provides a bird’s eye view of miRNAs expressed in different subcellular locations, thus affecting the gene regulatory pathways therein. Occurrence of miRNAs in diverse intra-cellular locales also reveals various unconventional roles played by miRNAs in different cellular organelles and expands the scope of miRNA functions beyond their traditionally known repressive activities.
Image Generation Method Based on Improved Generative Adversarial
Network
Authors: Zhang Huanjun
Published: April 2023

Background:

The image generation model based on generative adversarial network
(GAN) has achieved remarkable achievements. However, traditional GAN has the disadvantage of
unstable training, which affects the quality of the generated image.

Objective:

This method is to solve the GAN image generation problems of poor image quality,
single image category, and slow model convergence.

Methods:

An improved image generation method is proposed based on GAN. Firstly, the attention
mechanism is introduced into the convolution layer of the generator and discriminator and a batch
normalization layer is added after each convolution layer. Secondly, the ReLU and leaky ReLU are
used as the active layer of the generator and discriminator, respectively. Thirdly, the transposed
convolution is used in the generator while the small step convolution is used in the discriminator,
respectively. Fourthly, a new discarding method is applied in the dropout layer.

Results:

The experiments were carried out on Caltech 101 dataset. The experimental results showed
that the image quality generated by the proposed method is better than that generated by GAN with
attention mechanism (AM-GAN) and GAN with stable training strategy (STS-GAN) and the stability
was improved.

Conclusion:

The proposed method is effectiveness for image generation with high quality.
Differences in Blame-Like and Forgiveness-Like Judgments between Young People, Healthy Older People, and Older People with Dementia
Authors: Decroix Valentin , Fruchart Eric , Rulence-Pâques Patricia
Published: April 2023

The objective of the present experimental study was to compare how young people, healthy older people, and older people with dementia cognitively integrated three factors (Intention, Consequence, and Apology) when making blame-like judgments (prosecution and revenge) and forgiveness-like judgments (resentment and reconciliation). Thirty-four young people (Mage = 22.12, SD = 3.44), 22 healthy older people (Mage = 71.82, SD = 8.69), and 18 older people with dementia (Mage = 75, SD = 10.06) participated in the study. The participants were confronted with 12 scenarios built by combining the three factors for each moral judgment. Analyses of variance with repeated measures were applied to the study data. Whatever the type of judgment, older people with dementia differed from young people and healthy older people about the number of factors considered. Young people and healthy older people used the three information cues (Intent, Consequence, and Apology) for the four judgment tasks (prosecution, revenge, reconciliation, and resentment). In comparison, older people with dementia gave greater weight to Intention. In contrast to young and healthy older people, older people with dementia processed blame-like and forgiveness-like judgments similarly. The cognitive impairment prevented older people with dementia from differentiating moral judgments into two categories and reduced information integration when making moral judgments. These findings might be useful for clinical practice.
7Li Diffusion in Thin Disks of Single-Crystal Garnet LLZO-Ta Studied by PFG-NMR Spectroscopy
Authors: Hayamizu Kikuko , Haishi Tomoyuki , Terada Yasuhiko , Kataoka Kunimitsu , Akimoto Junji
Published: April 2023

Pulsed field-gradient (PFG) NMR spectroscopy was applied to thin disk samples (0.5, 1 and 2 mm thick, 4 mm diameter) of LLZO-Ta (Li6La3Zr1.5Ta0.5O12) single crystal. We have measured the diffusion of 7Li in thin pellets (0.5 to 3 mm thick) of NASICON-type LAGP powder and found that the Li+ diffuses preferentially in the thicker direction. In this study, we placed 1 mm thick, 4 mm diameter disk-shaped single crystals vertically, i.e., parallel to the PFG direction. We found that 7Li ions diffuse similarly as in rod-shaped single crystals. The 7Li diffusion is slow (diffusion coefficient; ~2 × 10-13 m2s-1) at Δ ≥ 100 milliseconds and gradually becomes faster to ~1 × 10-11 m2s-1 at Δ ≤ 10 milliseconds at 28°C. A diffraction pattern was observed in the echo decay plots, which was not observed in well-prepared single crystal rod samples. The diffraction patterns are often observed in powder inorganic electrolytes (LLZOs, LLTO, LAGP, and (Li2S)x(P2S5)y). In this study, edge effects are assumed for the diffraction pattern of the vertically placed thin disk of the single crystal. For horizontally placed disks, at long observation times (Δ ≥ 100 milliseconds), the diffusion coefficients of 7Li agreed with those of the rod-shaped samples. However, as Δ became shorter, contrary to the vertically placed disk, the diffusion of 7Li decreased and the plots became less linear. Surprisingly, as Δ became shorter (Δ ≤ 15 milliseconds), sinusoidal patterns were observed in the real and imaginary elements of the echo attenuation plots,. The pattern is reproducible and the first example of sinusoidal real and imaginary components of the echo attenuation plot was observed, but an adequate explanation has not been obtained.
Paid publishers business or Open access: Is the solution worse or better than the problem?
Authors: Santiago Padilla Victor , Rodriguez Cabrera Hortensia , Santiago Vispo Nelson
Published: April 2023

The business model of paid publishers for scientific journals has been criticized for various reasons, including the potential for financial gain to take precedence over the advancement of science. Some argue that this model restricts access to critical scientific research, particularly for those who cannot afford expensive journal subscriptions, hindering the progress of science.
Assessing Quality of Self Medication Services in Pharmacies in Indonesia: A Pilot Study using Mystery Customer in Bandung, West Java, Indonesia.
Authors: Roseno Mohammad , Widyastiwi
Published: April 2023

Self-medication practice is currently increasing in global population. Apart from the benefits, it is undeniable that self-medication can also have several negative impacts. The outcome of self-medication is affected by pharmacist’s clinical ability to provide self-medication services to the patient. This study was aimed to assess the quality of self-medication services in Indonesia using mystery customer approach. A pilot project had been conducted in Bandung, West Java, Indonesia. Mystery customers act as patients who come to the pharmacy seeking self-medication medications for cough/common cold, diarrhea/constipation, pain/fever, and gastritis cases. A total 232 pharmacies were involved in this study and selected through stratified random sampling. The quality of self-medication services was measured by four subdomains: patient assessment, the accuracy of drug selection, the drug information provided to mystery customer, and lifestyle modification counselling. Result showed that patient assessment regarding signs and symptoms only performed by 42,82% pharmacies in Bandung, 14,44% assessed pharmacological and nonpharmacological therapy prior to visit, and only 10,56% assessed patients’ specific medical condition. Although the percentage of patient assessment performed by pharmacies in Bandung were low, interestingly the accuracy of drug selection is relatively high (85,34%). The most prevalent information provided to patient was instruction to consume the medication (59,09%), meanwhile the least delivered information was about side effect (5,17%). Information about lifestyle modification only delivered by 10,34% pharmacies. The quality of self-medication services in Bandung varies depending on the type of pharmacy and service provider. State-owned pharmacy has a higher overall score of self-medication service than private retail pharmacy and private standalone pharmacy (p<0,05). Based on the service provider, pharmacist have a higher score of self-medication service compared to pharmacy technicians and other personnel in pharmacies (p<0,05). This study emphasizes the importance of the pharmacist’s role in self-medication services to ensure rational and safe treatment for patients.
IN SILICO B-CELL EPITOPE VACCINE DESIGN AND PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS OF EBOLA VIRUS ENVELOPE GLYCOPROTEIN
Authors: Ansori Arif , Zainul Rahadian
Published: April 2023

Ebola virus (EBOV) is a type of RNA virus from the family of Filoviridae. The 2014-2016 Ebola outbreak in African countries Guinea, Liberia and Sierra Leone has a total of 28,616 cases and 11,310 deaths. People suffering from Ebola disease reported to have symptoms such as fever, body aches, diarrhea and internal and external bleeding. Death from Ebola is mostly caused by multi-organ failure due to internal bleeding and fluid loss. Another Ebola outbreak has spiked this February 2021, suggesting low effectivity of the previous vaccines used. Zaire Ebola virus (EBOV) is known to be the species highly involved on the recent outbreak with a high mortality rate. This study is carried out to design B-cell epitope Ebola vaccine based on the conserved region of Zaire EBOV glycoprotein. Reverse vaccinology and immunoinformatic approaches are used in this study. Samples of Zaire EBOV glycoprotein sequences were retrieved from GenBank, NCBI. The 3D modelling was done by using SWISS-MODEL web server and PyMol software. Phylogenetic tree analysis was also done by using MEGA X. B-cell epitope prediction was done by BepiPred 2.0 and Emini Surface Accessibility using IEDB web server. Epitopes were selected based on its conservancy by comparing the sequences with the MEGA X alignment result. Antigenicity, allergenicity and toxicity properties of the peptides were predicted using VaxiJen 2.0, AllerTOP 2.0 and ToxinPred web servers. In silico cloning was done as the final step using pET-24a(+) expression vector. This study revealed that peptide “LEIKKPD”, “TGFGTNETEYLF”, “PYFGPAA”, “PYFGPA”, and “KLSSTNQL” are the best candidate of B-cell epitope vaccine. Phylogenetic tree and 3D modelling successfully showed the genetic and structural differences of Zaire EBOV GP originating from various countries. In silico cloning was also done using pET28a(+) expression vector to design clone vector map to be used for the next phase of vaccine development.
Basil Extract (Ocimum basilicum L) Exhibits Antidiabetic and Hepatoprotective Effects via SIRT1 and Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors (PPARγ) on Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Rats Model
Authors: Endo Mahata Liganda , Ali Hirowati , Widya Murni Arina , Alimuddin Tofrizal
Published: April 2023

Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) is a disorder of carbohydrate metabolism that causes hyperglycemia and insulin resistance during pregnancy. Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) and Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptorγ (PPARγ) are genes that play a role in glucose metabolism. Dysregulation of SIRT 1 and PPARγ is associated with the GDM. Hyperglycemia in GDM induces inflammation and oxidative stress in hepatocytes causing liver damage. Basil extract (Ocimum basilicum L) is one of indonesia medicinal plant has been used as traditional medicice in diabetic disorder. This study aims to investigate the hypoglycemic activity of basil extract by evaluating the expression of SIRT 1 and PPARγ in GDM rats and investigate the potential hepatoprotective effect of basil extract by analyzing the rat’s liver histology. Twenty-four of pregnant rats were divided into four groups; negative control, positive group induced by streptozotocin 40 mg/kg BW intraperitoneally, and two groups of GDM rats treated with 100 mg/kg BW and 200 mg/kg BW of basil extract for 14 days. Blood glucose levels were examined with a blood glucose meter. The expression of SIRT 1 and PPARγ was assessed by the RT-PCR. Histological analysis of the rat`s liver was conducted to determine the percentage of cell damage and tissue edem The data were statistically processed using SPSS. The extract of basil at a dose of 200 mg/kg BW showed an anti-diabetic effect which decreased the glucose level concentration by about two times compared to the untreated rat. It enhanced the expression of SIRT-significantly with a value of p= 0.035 (p <0.05). Basil extract-treated group showed a trend of increasing PPARγ expression, but not statistically significant. In addition, HE staining on the liver showed a tendency to improve in the group given basil extract. This Study concluded that basil extract could increase SIRT 1 and potential to be an anti-hyperglycemic therapy with a hepatoprotective effect.