bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A trajetória de vida do treinador de canoagem havaiana: desafios inerentes ao estabelecimento e desenvolvimento do campo de atuação profissional
Authors: Iha Tayná , De Andrade Rodrigues Heitor , Correa Tibocha Cindy Yissel , Almeida Marcon Denise Teresinha , Milistetd Michel
Published: December 2020

O objetivo do presente estudo foi descrever as situações episódicas da trajetória de vida de um treinador de canoagem havaiana no seu desenvolvimento e no estabelecimento do seu campo de atuação. Foi realizada uma entrevista semiestruturada baseada em incidentes críticos. A análise dos dados se deu pela espiral de Creswell e os resultados foram apresentados em vinhetas do tipo retrato. Identificou-se sete contextos com os episódios marcantes da sua trajetória, divididos nas vinhetas: infância, inserção na canoagem havaiana, trilhando por um novo caminho, a estruturação do clube, consequências do crescimento: positivas e negativas, busca constante por conhecimento e dias atuais. O desenvolvimento do treinador pareceu se dar pelas experiências ao longo da vida, iniciando por aquelas vivenciadas na infância. O curso de Educação Física, por sua vez, contribuiu para aprendizagem de conhecimentos interpessoais, necessários ao desenvolvimento da relação treinador-atleta. Já o estabelecimento do campo de atuação se deu por iniciativa própria, uma vez que a canoagem havaiana era emergente no Brasil e ainda não possuía um campo estabelecido.
Como e quando o corpo fala: um correlato das respostas psicobiológicas frente ao estresse no voo-livre
Authors: Pimentel Giuliano Gomes de Assis , Matos Felipe De Oliveira
Published: December 2020

O estresse é um elemento potencializado e ressignificado em esportes de aventura conforme cada sujeito reage aos riscos, desafios e incertezas do ambiente. Considerando essa temática, acompanhamos os momentos mais estressantes no voo-livre, entremeando a reação fisiológica com a fala dos sujeitos pesquisados, no limite da possibilidade de diálogo/confronto sob uma perspectiva biopsicossocial. O recorte privilegiou o esporte de risco como opção de lazer, praticado por pessoas comuns, que obtém na aventura contraponto às tensões e estresse do cotidiano. Para tanto, realizamos observações diretas durante um ano e entrevistamos quatro pilotos. Em complemento, registramos a frequência cardíaca (FC) desses sujeitos durante as diferentes etapas do voo-livre. Conforme os resultados, a FC apresentou patamares agudos e residuais elevados, que são coerentes com a história narrada por cada sujeito. Os pilotos demostraram que a percepção de risco frente à prática esportiva provoca uma tensão necessária para a produção subsequente de sensações transcendentes e prazerosas. Nesse sentido, ponderamos sobre a equação entre a segurança física e emocional na atividade e a percepção subjetiva do risco, ambas vistas como indissociáveis à aventura experimentada.
Universitários de educação física são otimistas e motivados durante a vida acadêmica?
Authors: Passos Patricia Carolina Borsato , Costa Luciane Cristina Arantes da , Contreira Andressa , Belem Isabella , Da Silva Eraldo , Fiorese Lenamar
Published: December 2020

Objetivo: Analisar a orientação de vida e a motivação acadêmica de universitários do curso de Educação Física ao longo dos quatro anos de formação inicial. Métodos: Participaram deste estudo de cunho descritivo longitudinal 24 universitários do curso de Educação Física do período integral, estudantes de uma universidade pública do sul do Brasil. Como instrumentos de pesquisa foram utilizados o Teste de orientação de vida (TOV-R), a Escala de Motivação Acadêmica e um questionário de identificação. Utilizou-se para análise estatística o teste de Friedman, o teste de U de Mann-Whitney, o Kruskal-Wallis e correlação de Spearman (p<0,05). Resultados: O nível de otimismo não se alterou ao longo dos anos, já os níveis de motivação apresentaram diferenças significativas entre os anos. Os resultados da correlação demonstraram que quanto menos horas de prática de exercício físico realizada pelos os acadêmicos, mais desmotivados eles se percebem (p= 0,04) assim como que quanto maior a faixa etária maiores níveis de motivação intrínseca (r= 0,60). Conclusão: Os universitários de Educação Física são otimistas durante toda a formação inicial. Ainda, constatou-se que no primeiro ano os acadêmicos são mais desmotivados quando comparados aos outros anos da formação.
Metodologias facilitadoras na Educação Física: objetivando o desenvolvimento social e o autodomínio emocional
Authors: Weiss Ferraz de Oliveira Alessandra , Kerkoski Marcio José , Marchi Júnior Wanderley , Cabral Bonin Maoski Ana Paula , Afonso Gilmar Francisco
Published: December 2020

O uso de estratégias e o repertório de emoções aprendidas com o passar dos anos proporcionaram o amadurecimento emocional dos indivíduos em formação. Mas a estrutura mental tem sofrido mudanças, o alto nível de exigência escolar e profissional, a diminuição da prática esportiva e a menor convivência social têm desencadeado no adolescente danos decorrentes do estresse. Desse modo, a Educação Física escolar no período da adolescência pode ser fundamental para o amadurecimento das aptidões emocionais de empatia e autocontrole, responsáveis pelo desenvolvimento do autodomínio emocional. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi apresentar possíveis metodologias facilitadoras para a aprendizagem emocional, especificamente, para o desenvolvimento do autodomínio emocional e social, durante o processo de ensino-aprendizagem na Educação Física escolar. Nesta perspectiva, a presente pesquisa caracteriza-se como pesquisa bibliográfica. A análise envolveu as obras dos autores Brearley (2004) e Alzinaet al. (2009), que permitiram visualizar a aprendizagem emocional na prática docente. A partir das obras reconstruímos possibilidades que podem ser facilitadores na metodologia do professor de Educação Física escolar e, consequentemente, para a formação integral do aluno.
Exercício aeróbio em jejum: prescrição e opinião profissional e sua prática por alunos de academias de musculação
Authors: Bernardo Thiago Cheung , Silva Robert Passos da , Tozetto Willen Remon , Streb Anne Ribeiro , Del Duca Giovani Firpo
Published: December 2020

Os objetivos do estudo foram investigar as prevalências da prescriçãoe interpretação profissional e da prática de exercício aeróbio em jejum por alunos praticantes de musculação, bem como, comparar o conhecimento de professores e alunos sobre os potenciais benefícios e riscos desta. Na comparação empregou-se o teste exato de Fischer. Participaram do estudo 110 alunos e 8 professores. Não houve relato de prescrição, enquanto a prática atual de exercício aeróbio em jejum foi de 16,4%. O principal objetivo relatado para a prática foi o emagrecimento. Nos benefícios, os professores relataram em maior proporção que o aeróbio em jejum pode promover melhoria da saúde, mas também reconheceram que a prática pode trazer malefícios à saúde. A divergência entre prevalência de prescrição profissional e prática do exercício aeróbio em jejum sinalizam um provável desconhecimento dos professores acerca da forma como os exercícios aeróbios estão sendo praticados por alunos em academias de musculação. Ademais, o conhecimento dos professores sobre os potenciais riscos dessa prática precisa alcançar seus alunos, objetivando informá-los da possibilidade de eventos indesejáveis à saúde.
Editorial Revista Ciencias Administrativa N° 16
Authors: Consejo Editorial
Published: December 2020

La Facultad de Ciencias Económicas de la Universidad Nacional de La Plata considera a la investigación científica como pilar fundamental para la creación de conocimiento y la comprensión del contexto organizacional. Las universidades se han constituido en el medio más propicio para el avance de la ciencia y como centro de la actividad científica, promoviendo la investigación como un aporte al progreso y bienestar de la sociedad.

La revista Ciencias Administrativas pretende convertirse en un medio eficiente de difusión de los conocimientos científicos y tecnológicos en el área de la administración, con el objeto de contribuir a mejorar la gestión de las organizaciones en un mundo cada vez más complejo y desafiante.

En este número, correspondiente al periodo julio-diciembre 2020, se han seleccionado artículos científicos y ensayos de autores provenientes de Argentina, Chile y México. Se abordan problemáticas organizacionales desde diferentes perspectivas disciplinares: la administración general en trabajos como “Un modelo para el análisis estratégico conjunto de los activos intangibles de la marca y el conocimiento: el aporte de las ciencias cognitivas a la estrategia” y “Gestión del trabajo en multinacionales. Un estudio a través de encuestas a filiales en Argentina”, la gestión económico-financiera en “Derivados y crecimiento económico: nexos y evidencia”, “Opciones reales y el valor de los ahorros fiscales” y “Formulación y evaluación de proyectos, una reflexión para la pymes agroindustriales de México”, la gestión comercial en “Consumo responsable e intención de compra en sectores populares: una aproximación multivariante”, los sistemas de información gerencial en “Determinismo de la contabilidad en la complejidad: hipótesis introductoria” y la gestión pública en “Desafíos de la administración pública. El retorno de la democracia y el proyecto informático en Argentina”.

Para finalizar, agradecemos a los autores, a los árbitros evaluadores y al equipo editorial, por su aporte permanente a la calidad de esta publicación, y esperamos que los trabajos sean de interés para los lectores y contribuyan a promover la discusión de las problemáticas abordadas.
¿Salud para todes? Un estado de la cuestión
Authors: Scarpino Pascual
Published: December 2020

En el presente artículo se realiza una revisión bibliográfica de los estudios que abordan el derecho a la salud de la población LGBTINb+ en distintos contextos sociohistóricos. Para ello, se recuperan investigaciones centradas en la Argentina, Brasil, Chile, Perú, Colombia y España; se proponen dimensiones sobre las cuales dichos estudios pueden agruparse en función de su especificidad; y se concluye evidenciando las vacancias y las urgencias que el estado de situación arroja.
Corrosion Behaviour of Passive Layer Growth by Controlling Additives of Nano-Metals-Phosphate to Pure Aluminum
Authors: A. Hussein Hussein , J. Kahdim Mohammed , Atiyah Alaa Abdulhasan
Published: December 2020

This study investigates how microstructure and chemistry effects by Nano-Metal-Phosphate and the kinetics of growth passive layer and passivity breakdown. Additionally, the passive layer germination behavior on aluminum alloy 1050 with anticorrosive properties. The passive layer is an alloying method which allows an aluminum oxide to germinate. Morphologically and structurally, the aluminum oxide films were characterized using microscopy analyzes and XRD analysis. Results indicated that the reinforcements are well distributed and the grin size is downy. Corrosion behavior tested by Cyclic polarization exam and done at room temperature in (3.5 per cent NaCl) solution. The reinforcement increased the hardness for processed aluminum from Hv81.1 to HV=120.492 as castings. The parameter Nano-Metal-Phosphate has attenuated the current density of corrosion (7.15μA / cm2) compared to the as-cast sample results.
Bonding Performance for Lightweight Concrete: A Review
Authors: Ahmed Rafal , M. Abed Suhad
Published: December 2020

Nowadays, lightweight concrete become popular among construction companies due to its physical characteristic such as sound and thermal insulation, lightweight, cost and environmental saving, self-levelling…etc., which make it an attractive choice as a building material. However, this concrete face many constructional obstacles due to the lack of adequate and sufficient constructional information about the nature of this concrete. This requires great caution when use it for structural purposes. Among these great constraints, for example, is the weak characteristic of the bond between this concrete and reinforcing steel. Therefore, in order to get rid of these defects of concrete and make it usable in various construction sectors, this paper summarizes researchers works concerning bond behavior between light weight concrete and reinforcing bars , the variable influencing bond behavior such as; concrete type, rebar type and diameter, W/C ratio, and adding fibres. And results collected from experimental work with most important conclusions
Investigation of Driving Behavior on Performance and Fuel Consumption of Light-Duty Vehicle
Authors: M. Mubarak Loay , Al-Samari Ahmed
Published: December 2020

This manuscript instrumented two light-duty passenger cars to construct real-world driving cycles for the Baghdad-Basrah highway road in Iraq using a data logger. The recorded data is conducted to obtain typical speed profiles for each vehicle. Each of the recruited vehicles is modelized using Advanced Vehicle Simulator and conducted on the associated created driving cycle to investigate fuel economy and analyze performance. Moreover, to inspect the influence of driving behavior on fuel consumption and emissions, the simulation process is re-implemented by substituting the conducted real-world driving cycle. The analyses are done for the first and second stages of simulation predictions to explore the fuel-penalty of aggressive driving behavior. The analysis for substitution predictions showed that fuel consumption could be reduced by 12.8% due to conducting vehicle under the more consistent real-world driving cycle. However, conducting vehicle under the more aggressive one would increase fuel consumption by 14.6%. The associated emissions change prediction due to the substitution is also achieved and presented.
Linguacultural peculiarities of translation from Macedonian into Russian
Authors:   Military University, Stepanenko Elena
Published: December 2020

The article analyzes the ways of expressing into Russian Macedonian phrasal units and culturological lacunas existing due to the absence of certain realities along with words describing them in Russian culture. Semantic and pragmatic aspects are to be taken into consideration to translate the words and phrases reproducing the essential background, cultural information. Different cultural-language competence of interlocutors demands variable adaptations so that readers/viewers understand a translated text well.
Loan Words in the Kostel Dialect of Slovenian Language and the South Chakavian Dialect of Croatian Language
Authors: Kuleshova Maria
Published: December 2020

The article compares the lexis of the Kostel dialect of the Slovenian language and the dialect of the villages Pitve and Zavala, which belongs to the South Chakavian vernacular of the Croatian language. The study is based on lexicographic data. The analyzed dialects of the Slovenian and Croatian languages contain 17.08 % of common lexis. 19.58 % (217 in each dialect) of the common lexis are loan words. Both among common and differential words, Germanisms are prevalent in the Slovenian dialect as well as Romanisms in the Croatian dialect. Many internationalisms came into the Slovenian dialect through the German language, and into Croatian through Italian and its dialects. Two dialects also share several Turkisms; in addition, the lexis of the Kostel dialect of the Slovenian language contains Romanisms that could find different ways into it, through other Slovenian dialects or the Croatian language.
A percepção dos contadores de Rondon do Pará acerca dos autos de infrações aplicados pelo Conselho Regional de Contabilidade do Estado do Pará
Authors: Matciulevicz Lorranny Santana , Morais Hugo Azevedo Rangel de , Soares Francisco Igo Leite , Souza Neto Moises Ozório de
Published: December 2020

Esta presente pesquisa tem como objetivo analisar a percepção dos contadores de Rondon do Pará acerca dos autos de infrações aplicados pelo Conselho Regional de Contabilidade do Estado do Pará – CRC/PA. Para o desenvolvimento desse trabalho foram extraídos do setor de fiscalização do CRC/ PA, as infrações cometidas pela classe contábil no período de 2015, 2016 e 2017, que nortearam as entrevistas in loco nos escritórios registrados no CRC/PA. Os resultados obtidos demonstraram que mediante as informações e dados fornecidos deste órgão competente, a infração que mais ocorreu durante os anos analisados foi a falta de registro de escritório e em seguida a não comprovação para emissão da decore. Diante isso, os empresários contadores percebem que a motivação para os resultados apresentados são motivados pela ausencia de fiscalização e baixa qualificação no exercício da profissão contábil.
Palavras-chave: Contabilidade. Ética. Infrações.
INTEGRACIJA BIM I GIS TEHNOLOGIJE U HIDROTEHNICI
Authors: Nastić Ivana
Published: December 2020

U radu su prikazane osnove BIM i GIS tehnologije u građevinarstvu, kroz faze projektovanja, izgradnje i održavanja objekta. Prikazani su i projekti hidroelektrana gde je primenjen BIM pri samoj izgradnji.
ПРИМЈЕНА FIDIC УГОВОРА НА ПРОЈЕКТИМА
Authors: Ристић Дражен
Published: December 2020

FIDIC уговори-стандардизовани модели уговора за различите типове пројеката. Дефинисање уговорних страна, и њихова улога на пројекту. Поређење домаће регулативе и FIDIC процедуре приликом уговарања пројекта, као и примјена FIDIC-a у току самог пројекта
УПОТРЕБА MICROSOFT OFFICE PROJECT-A ПРИ ПЛАНИРАЊУ И РЕАЛИЗАЦИЈИ ИЗГРАДЊЕ ДЕОНИЦЕ ПУТА ИВЕРАК-ЛАЈКОВАЦ
Authors: Радуловић Јелена
Published: December 2020

Основни циљ израде овог рада јес­те планирање и анализа свих неопходних активности и ресурса који се користе за израду техничке документације на нивоу генералног пројекта, процена трошкова и потребног времена за реализацију пројекта уз примену знања и метода из области управљања пројектима.
VREDNOVANJE UTICAJA TC PROMENADA NA USLOVE ODVIJANJA SAOBRAĆAJA NA OKOLNIM RASKRSNICAMA
Authors: Krnajac Milana
Published: December 2020

U radu su prikazani rezultati istraživanja na raskrsnicama Bulevara cara Lazara sa Bulevarom oslobođenja i Fruškogorskom ulicom u Novom Sadu, u cilju analize uticaja izgradnje TC Promenada na saobraćaj i analize troškova goriva i zagađenja pri zaustavljanju vozila na tim raskrsnicama.
VREDNOVANJE PRIJEDLOGA RJEŠENJA ZA POBOLJŠANJE USLOVA ODVIJANJA SAOBRAĆAJA NA RASKRSNICI U BIJELJINI
Authors: Vasiljević Mihajlo
Published: December 2020

U okviru ovog rada potrebno je izvršiti kapacitivnu analizu raskrsnice. Utvrditi postojeće stanje, uraditi prognozu za 10 godina, dati prijedlog rješenja za poboljšanje uslova odvijanja saobraćaja, izvršiti funkcionalno, ekonomsko i ekološko vrednovanje predloženih rješenja. Za svaku varijantu potrebno je izračunati troškove izgradnje, troškove goriva kao i troškove zagađenja vazduha. Nakon toga potrebno je vrednovati sve varijante i predložiti najbolju.
MOTIVACIJA I KOMUNIKACIJA ZA UPRAVLJANJE TRANSPORTNIM PREDUZEĆEM
Authors: Novaković Petra
Published: December 2020

Upravljanje transportnim preduzećem je složen proces sa nizom podprocesa i kadrova koji upravljaju tim procesima i sistemima, gde je neophodno da postoji motivacija i dobra komunikacija, a sve u cilju dobrog poslovanja preduzeća. Akcenat se stavlja na ulogu menadžera u unapređenju timskog rada, značaju motivacije i komunikacije i poslovnog odlučavanja zaposlenih u preduzeću.
АРХИТЕКТОНСКЕ МЕРЕ ЗА РЕШЕЊЕ ПРОСТОРНИХ ПРОБЛЕМА У ПАНДЕМИЈСКИМ УСЛОВИМА
Authors: Лугоња Ана
Published: December 2020

Рад се бави проучавањем промена у животу савременог човека и функционисању урбаних система до којих је дошло услед појаве вируса КОВИД-19 и пандемијских услова, као и проналаску и примени решења за проблеме који су настали.
RAZVOJ STRATEGIJE DIGITALNOG MARKETINGA
Authors: Preradović Valentina
Published: December 2020

Cilj istraživanja u ovom radu jeсте kreiranje i primjena strategije digitalnog marketinga. Rad obuhvata opis procesa kreiranja strategije i faze od analize preduzeća do evaluacije rezultata. Navedeni su svi kanali digitalnog marketinga i opisani načini kako će konkretno preduzeće Elektron Grupa da ih koristi. Za sprovođenje strategije i ispunjavanje ciljeva koriste se taktike i metode digitalnog marketinga.
UNAPREĐENJE TRANSPORTA U JP „SUBOTICA TRANS“
Authors: Zelen Igor
Published: December 2020

U radu je prikazan snimak stanja u JP „Subotica Trans“, definisani su problemi poslovanja i predložene mere za unapređenje.
PRIMENA LESLIJEVE MATRICE U POPULACIONIM MODELIMA
Authors: Mijatović Dušan , Doroslovački Ksenija
Published: December 2020

U okviru ovog rada prikazana je ana­liza osobina Leslijeve matrice i primena Leslijevog popu­lacionog modela kroz primere za određene populacije.
ПРОЈЕКАТ И РЕАЛИЗАЦИЈА ГЕОДЕТСКЕ МРЕЖЕ У КО ЧОКА
Authors: Закић Часлав
Published: December 2020

У овом раду je описан процес израде пројекта и реализације геодетске мреже, као основе, за обнову грађевинског рејона КО Чока. Полигонска мрежа је реализована GNSS RTK методом, а нивел­манска мрежа геометријским нивелманом. На основу података добијених из нивелања, мрежа је изравната моделом посредног изравнања по МНК. На крају, тачност резултата GNSS опажања и тачност резултата добијених из изравнања су упоређене са тачношћу захтевану пројектом.
ANALIZA VISINSKOG OSMATRANJA VISOKIH KONSTRUKCIJA
Authors: Stevanović Miljana
Published: December 2020

U radu su opisani geodetski radovi u postupku građenja i praćenja u eksploataciji visokih objekata i matematički model projektovanja i realizacije geodetskih mikromreža. Eksperimentalni dio rada odnosi se na primjenu metode Pelcera na podatke dobijene geodetskim osmatranjem visokog objekta ,,Kula Beograd”, u okviru projekta ,,Beograd na vodi”.
АНАЛИЗА СТАТИЧКИХ И ДИНАМИЧКИХ ОПТЕРЕЋЕЊА МОСТОВСКИХ КОНСТРУКЦИЈА ПОСТУПЦИМА ПРАЋЕЊА У РЕАЛНОМ ВРЕМЕНУ
Authors: Савић Бора
Published: December 2020

У оквиру мастер рада утврђени су кључни параметри који се прате код одређених типова мостовских контрукција. Описани су основни појмови везани за мониторинг мостова у реалном времену. Спроведени су експерименти који показују утицај статичког оптерећења, динамичких удара и вибрација на мостовске конструкције. Резултати експеримената су анализирани и из анализа су изведени закључци и препоруке.
Penilaian Kinerja dan AKNOP Daerah Irigasi Rawa DR Malind Kabupaten Merauke, Provinsi Papua
Authors: Purboyo Wiryawan
Published: December 2020

The Malind Swamp area (DR. MALIND) of 3,000 Ha is located +60 Km to the Northwest of the city of Merauke. The Malind Swamp area consists of 4 (four) irrigation networks, i.e: Kurik 1 (Rawasari); Kurik 3 (Padang Raharja); Kurik 5 (Suka Maju); and Kumbe. Swamp Irrigation is a supply bussines, regulate and dispose of water through a swamp irrigation network in the agricultural cultivation area. An assessment of the level of performance and the magnitude of the Operations and Maintenance Number of Need (AKNOP) to be implemented with stages: inventarisation and indentification irrigation networks and water building swamp irrigations; operation and maintenance cost calculation to get AKNOP irrigation networks and swamp irrigation infrastructure buildings.Performance assessment results of DR Malind irrigation network: Kurik 1, bad - network function value 33.56%; Kurik 3, bad - network function value 44.79%; Kurik 5, bad - network function value 42.71%; and Kumbe, bad network function value 14.25%. This shows that the swamp irrigation network in regulating water management or water management in most of the areas is not functioning properly because the canals and most of the water structures are damaged. The total cost of operating and maintaining the DR Malind swamp irrigation area is Rp. 5,988,014,824 per year with details: Operating costs = Rp.440,244,960; Routine maintenance costs = Rp. 866,924,944; Periodic maintenance costs = Rp. 4,468,844,824; Operating & maintenance costs per Ha = Rp. 1,996,005; O&M Cost per-m 'main irrigation channel = Rp.60,947
Reform of the Russian healthcare system – threat to the security of social groups or evolution of health protection?
Authors: Timakov Ivan Vsevolodovich
Published: December 2020

 Recent changes in healthcare system are perceived negatively by certain population groups, which results in a loss of confidence in the social system. Integrity of the reform of the Russian healthcare system depends on social stability, which is possible if results of the reform coincide with public representations on the guarantees of health protection. The goal of this work consists in determination of the eventual nature of threat to the security of social groups in the process of Russian healthcare reform using sociological methods. The subject of this research is analysis of the the nature of eventual threats to the security of population groups in the process of Russian healthcare reform. The object of this research is the problems of healthcare reform as the potential threats in perception of the respondents. In the course of this work, the author leans on the databases of comprehensive monitoring of living conditions of the population of the Federal State Statistics Service. Statistical analysis was conducted on the basis of contingency tables in dynamics of the tasks of research. Threat factors were viewed through the factors of not receiving medical treatment by the citizens. A third of respondents  above 15 years of age having health concerns, refused to apply to medical establishments. The population above working age appear to be in a vulnerable situation as a result of reform. Most of the listed factors are associated with inadequate work of medical establishments, which indicates social tension towards the reform of healthcare system. Two groups of factors are highlighted. Under the influence of external factors, the internal structures of healthcare system adapt without full consideration of possible consequences. The author underlines remaining contradictions between citizens’ expectations and changes in the practices of health protection. Changes in healthcare system are the cause of loss of confidence in healthcare institutions and refusal to seek medical treatment for certain social groups, which is a threat to their health. Realization f comprehensive guarantees within the framework of the system of Compulsory Medical Insurance requires different approaches. 
Export of higher education in Russia: an overview of theoretical approaches and practical solutions
Authors: Mironova Svetlana Viktorovna , Timchenko Natal'ya Stanislavovna
Published: December 2020

This article examines the theoretical approaches towards definition and analysis of the concept of export of educational services that formed in the Russian scientific context: sociopolitical, economic, and demographic. Within the framework of economic approach towards analysis of the export of educational services, two author determines two aspects: macroeconomic and microeconomic. The author describes the integrated characteristics and interpretation of the content of export of educational services in the Russian scientific publications. The models of export of educational services: passive, active, and distance are determined. The criteria for the expansion of export of educational services are outlined. The article discusses the current practice of export of educational services established in the Russian higher education The results of the conducted theoretical analysis consists in a number of theses: 1) development of the category of the export of educational services as the basis for creation of theoretical models and technologies of practical implementation is absent; 2) the economically oriented instrumental assessment of the export of educational services is prevalent, which is not fully approved by educational organizations, since universities are not just dividends; 3) sociocultural experience and peculiarities of promotion the export of educational services in the countries of the former socialist camp can be useful; 4) the psychological-pedagogical component of the export of educational services  (evaluation of psychological factors for successful education of foreign students, methodological questions of teaching foreign students in Russian universities, etc.) is virtually left out.
The Ancient Egyptian Conception of God: From the Predynastic Through the Old Kingdom (ca. 3800–2135 B.C.E.)
Authors: Richards Leival
Published: December 2020

It is not clear what an Egyptian god was, what was believed about them, or how people responded to them. This qualitative work induces the nature of gods from the fourth and third millennia B.C.E. culture with the intention of stating what Egyptians believed. Framed in a philosophical design, it explores three features. First, using language, archaeology, and iconography the essentials of the god identity are outlined for original qualification. Second, god existence is argued using classical proofs. Third, god character is examined to reveal the specific psychological archetype that dictated their behaviour in myth. Then, delineated by the essential qualities of all three features, the nature of the gods is consolidated and filtered through an Old Kingdom value structure to reveal their conception—habitual ideal individual behaviour. The ancient Egyptians had a monistic idea for god that was internalised by every individual thus creating a system of internal equality despite the external inequality.
Evidenzen der Bilder. Visualisierungsstrategien in der medizinischen Diagnostik um 1900
Authors: Martin Michael , Fangerau Heiner
Published: December 2020

Evidenz beschreibt etwas, das unmittelbar einleuchtet. Wissenschaftliche Abbildungen erheben zwar den Anspruch, evident zu sein, aber ihre Evidenz ist nicht natürlich. Sie ist nur mittelbar für diejenigen einleuchtend, die sie lesen können. Das gilt auch für Bilder in der medizinischen Diagnostik: Im Visualisierungsprozess diagnostischer Abbildungen werden zum einen Strukturen und Zusammenhänge sichtbar gemacht, die zuvor unsichtbar waren. Zum anderen muss über Lese- und Denkprozesse die Evidenz in das Bild implementiert werden. Allerdings sind diese Bilder primär durch Mehrdeutigkeit und Unbestimmtheit geprägt, was Strategien der Evidenzproduktion erfordert. Hierzu gehören der Einsatz geschulter Zeichner am Mikroskop, die Produktion von Diagrammen auf Basis von Messwerten, der versierte Einsatz von Endoskopen sowie die physikalisch-chemische Erzeugung von Radiogrammen zur Sichtbarmachung des Körperinneren. Die Evidenz diagnostischer Abbildungen unterliegt also immer bestimmten Verfahren und Strategien der Evidenzzuschreibung. Sie bleibt eine nützliche Fiktion, die überaus vielfältig und immer kontextabhängig ist. Heiner Fangerau und Michael Martin sprechen deshalb statt von Evidenz im Singular von den Evidenzen diagnostischer Bilder im Plural.
The Concept of “The Art of Book” in the Works of Book Scientists of the 1920s
Authors: Fomin Dmitry V.
Published: December 2020

The author uses historiographic analysis, scientologic and bibliological methods to analyse the texts of the leading domestic book scientists of the 1920s, expressed on the art and design of book. The article identifies the range of the most important sources from the point of view of the studied theme. The author traces how the concept of the “art of book” was interpreted by scientists of that period, how it was introduced into science, and what aspects of study of design skills seemed to be the most advanced. Increased interest in the appearance and aesthetic quality of printed publications, which had been observed in the art criticism since the end of the 19th century, moved in the 1920s to the field of academic science. There is a need to concretize the basic concepts of “book art criticism”, specify them in detail in the general system of book science. According to the majority of researchers, the art of book should be understood first of all not as graphic decorations, illustrative additions to the text, but its typographic interpretation, clear coordination of all elements of the book ensemble. This idea was also expressed by the critics of Silver age, but it was the book scientists of the 1920s who especially vigorously promoted it, introduced it into the minds of contemporaries and into scientific circulation, and used it as a methodological basis for their theoretical constructions.

M.I. Shchelkunov’s monograph “History, technology, art of book printing” played an important role in the history of “art book science”. It contains a lot of valuable information; however it is largely spoiled by the author’s vulgar-sociological approach to the chosen topic. More successful were the works of A.A. Sidorov “The art of book”, “Book as an object of study and artistic elements of book”, which raised the question of the need to study the forms of book, the laws of its construction, and the ratio of constructive and decorative elements in the design ensemble. The author also considers the statements about the art of book by M.N. Kufaev, A.M. Lovyagin, N.F. Garelin, M.I. Fabrikant, A.G. Fomin, P.M. Dulsky. Attempts by scientists in the 1920s to create a theory of book art, to approach the study of print works from the standpoint of art studies, were not always successful, but nevertheless, they were of great importance for Russian book science, expanded its borders and significantly influenced its further development.
Hematology and Digital Image Processing: Watershed Transform-Based Methodology for Blood Cell Counting Using the WT-MO Algorithm
Authors: Borges Monteiro Ana Carolina
Published: December 2020

Background: Most diseases can be detected by routine examination, even if they are in the initial phase. Currently, one of the most requested medical laboratory tests is that which allows detecting from bacterial infections until leukemias. However, for less favored populations, this examination can be seen as having a high cost.

Methods: Thus, this study introduces an algorithm of segmentation of images capable of detecting and counting red blood cells and leukocytes present in digital images of blood smear. The methodology was named by WT-MO, once it relies on the concepts of Watershed Transform and Morphological Operations. The experiments were conducted in the MATLAB software simulation environment, where 25 images were used in order to evaluate the accuracy, processing time, and execution time of the WT-MO algorithm.

Results: The results show that the WT-MO methodology presents high accuracy, reaching 96% and 92% in the red blood cell and leukocyte counts, respectively; reliability and low processing time, reaching an average processing time and execution time, achieving from 0.74 to 2.17 seconds. Therefore, the WT-MO algorithm can be seen as the first step in making laboratory tests more accessible to populations in underdeveloped and developing countries.

Conclusion: The WT-MO methodology helps not only disadvantaged populations gain access to low-cost, high-reliability tests but also has excellent potential for use in laboratories in developed countries.
Proposal for Medical Data Transmission in Healthcare Systems
Authors: Padilha França Reinaldo
Published: December 2020

Background: Information systems used in hospitals are slow and consume a lot of system memory, facilitating crashes, impacting patients seeking consultation face long waiting periods by a medical specialist; Still considering that exchange patient data and medical consultations in system interconnected between hospitals, for scheduling of consultations may become even more latent.Methods: Aiming to solve such problems, the present study implements modeling with discrete-event technology applied to a healthcare system, modulating the signal transmitted with the DQPSK format, through the simulation environment, the Simulink of the MATLAB software, improving the transmission of data, through a pre-coding process of bits adopting discrete events in the signal before modulation.Results: This study aims to increase the information capacity for healthcare systems, bringing a new approach for signal transmission, undertaken in the discrete domain employing the discrete entities in the bit generation process, this use being the differential applied on the bit itself, in the physical layer, showing better computational performance regarding memory utilization related to compression of information, showing an improvement of 101.52%.Conclusion: The proposal developed has the properties of improving the capacity of hospital services and can increase the performance of the communication between all medical devices, this positive impact is the result that the data stream will consume fewer communication resources.
Self-Organizing Algorithm for Massive Tractography Datasets Clustering with Outliers Elimination Based on Multiple Species Flocking Model
Authors: Chekir Amira
Published: December 2020

Background: The study of White Matter (WM) connectivity is of general interest in neuroscience, which is achieved by the analysis and clustering of the streamlines composed of the tractography dataset. The WM streamlines clustering is a challenge, because of the complexity and the vast size of the WM tractography dataset and its composition by various streamlines, in additionally to the presence of outliers.

Methods: Several WM clustering methods have been proposed in the literature to overcome these constraints. However, these methods stay statics. Once the clustering streamline is performed, it stays in this one. In this paper, we propose a new framework of distributed multiagent, improving, and adapting a bio-inspired model called Multiple Species Flocking (MSF) for WM streamlines clustering and automatic outlier elimination.

Results: The basic MSF rules are modified and adapted to perform streamlines clustering in higher dimensions. Specifically, each streamline is associated with a mobile agent and move onto a virtual space to form a group following the defined rules. Only the agents assigned to similar streamlines form a flock, whereas the agents assigned to dissimilar streamlines are sidelined and considered as outliers.

Conclusion: Swarm intelligence features of the approach, such as adaptivity, parallelism, dynamism, and decentralization, make our algorithm scalable to large datasets, very fast and accurate, which are confirmed by experimental results on synthetic and real datasets.
SDR-Based High-Definition Video Transmission for Biomedical Engineering
Authors: Estrela Vania V
Published: December 2020

Background: Software-Defined Radio (SDR) frameworks from cellular telephone base stations, e.g., Multiservice Distributed Access System (MDAS) and small cells, employ extensively integrated RF agile transceivers. The Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) is the collection of medical devices and applications that connect to healthcare IT systems through online computer networks. Medical devices equipped with Wi-Fi allow M2M communication, which is the backbone of IoMT and associated devices linked to cloud platforms containing stored data to be analyzed. Examples of IoMT include remote patient monitoring of people with chronic or long-term conditions, tracking patient medication orders and the location of patients admitted to hospitals, and patients' wearables to send info to caregivers. Infusion pumps connected to dashboards and hospital beds rigged with sensors measuring patients' vital signs are medical devices that can be converted to or deployed as IoMT technology.

Methods: This work proposes an SDR architecture to allow wireless High-Definition (HD) video broadcast for biomedical applications. This text examines a Wideband Wireless Video (WWV) signal chain implementation using the transceivers, the data transmitted volume, the matching occupied RF bandwidth, the communication distance, the transmitter’s power, and the implementation of the PHY layer as Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) with test results to evade RF interference.

Results: As the IoMT grows, the amount of possible IoMT uses increases. Many mobile devices employ Near Field Communication (NFC) Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) tags allowing them to share data with IT systems. RFID tags in medical equipment and supplies allow hospital staff can remain aware of the quantities they have in stock. The practice of using IoMT devices to observe patients in their homes remotely is also known as telemedicine. This kind of treatment spares patients from traveling to healthcare facilities whenever they have a medical question or change in their condition.

Conclusion: An SDR-based HD biomedical video transmission is proposed, with its benefits and disadvantages for biomedical WWV are discussed. The security of IoMT sensitive data is a developing concern for healthcare providers.
Drawbacks of remote teaching and learning assessment of medical and health science students during the COVID-19 pandemic: Future perspectives and recommendations
Authors: Badr F. Al-Khateeb  , Majid Alsalamah  , Saeed Mastour Alshahrani  , Khadijah Angawi  , Hend M. Al-Atif  , Abdullah Alanazi  , Nesreen Suliman Alwallan  , Ashraf El-Metwally
Published: December 2020

Almost all universities or colleges have diverted to online learning and teaching modalities due to COVID-19 pandemic. Adaptation of remote learning might not be equally beneficial for all students. We have provided an opinion about how remote learning might become an opportunity for dishonest students and future perspectives for such students. Medical students, who do not take their studies seriously might take this remote learning as an opportunity and use the short cuts to pass their exams because they can easily cheat online in the assignments and exams. Therefore, teaching institutions should develop some strategies to equally assess medical and health sciences students to ensure transparency, justice, and credibility. Conducting oral exams along with the written exams, encouraging students to participate online, asking students to turn on their videos if feasible, and developing a mechanism where these students can explain their work to the teacher can help to overcome challenges.
Klient w polskim sektorze elektroenergetycznym
Authors: Kozieł Paulina
Published: December 2020

Przedmiot badań: W artykule podjęto tematykę roli wartości dla klienta na rynku energii elek­trycznej w Polsce. Autorka charakteryzuje sektor elektroenergetyczny w Polsce oraz opisuje jego przekształcenia w związku z wstąpieniem Polski do Unii Europejskiej, zwracając uwagę na istot­ną rolę oraz znaczenie wartości dla klienta w sektorze elektroenergetycznym jako podstawy do odpowiedniego sformułowania polityki obsługi klienta przedsiębiorstwa elektroenergetycznego.

Cel badawczy: Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie wybranych aspektów wartości dla klienta z uwzględnieniem jej roli w sektorze elektroenergetycznym jako podstawy tworzenia polityki ob­sługi klienta w oparciu o dane źródłowe oraz wyniki krajowych i zagranicznych badań naukowych.

Metoda badawcza: Zastosowaną metodą badawczą jest metoda badania dokumentów oraz metoda analizy i krytyki piśmiennictwa. W artykule wykorzystano następujące techniki badawcze: analiza krajowej i zagranicznej literatury przedmiotu, analiza dokumentów źródłowych (źródeł zastanych) – badanie desk research, analiza studiów przypadków opisanych w literaturze przedmiotu oraz metody wnioskowania (dedukcja i indukcja).

Wyniki: W związku z coraz większą swobodą w podejmowaniu decyzji, spowodowaną dosto­sowaniem polskich przepisów z zakresu elektroenergetyki do przepisów Unii Europejskiej, po­trzeby i oczekiwania klienta polskiego sektora elektroenergetycznego zyskały na znaczeniu. Ma to odzwierciedlenie w chęci poznania, co dla klienta stanowi wartość i przynosi mu satysfakcję. Uwzględnienie potrzeb i oczekiwań klientów w ofercie przedsiębiorstwa wpływa na poziom obsługi klienta, a w konsekwencji na ich lojalność.
Dowodzenie w postępowaniu odrębnym w sprawach gospodarczych – wady i zalety nowej regulacji
Authors: Gil Izabella
Published: December 2020

Przedmiot badań: Przedmiotem analizy są nowe regulacje prawne, dotyczące prowadzenia po­stępowania dowodowego w postępowaniu odrębnym w sprawach gospodarczych, które zostały wprowadzone na podstawie ustawy z dnia 4 lipca 2019 r. o zmianie ustawy Kodeks postępowania cywilnego oraz innych ustaw.

Cel badawczy: ocena skutków regulacji prawnych wprowadzonych w celu uzyskania odpowiedniej ochrony prawnoprocesowej w odniesieniu do spraw gospodarczych.

Metoda badawcza: analiza tekstu prawnego i porównanie z istniejącymi regulacjami prawnymi.

Wyniki: przeprowadzone analizy treści znowelizowanych (zmienionych) przepisów Kodeksu postępowania cywilnego (Ustawa z dnia 17 listopada 1964 r. Kodeks postępowania cywilnego, t.j. Dz.U. z 2019 r., poz. 1460 ze zm., dalej w skrócie określana jako k.p.c.) prowadzą do wnio­sku, że nowe instrumenty prawne (takie jak umowa dowodowa) oraz wprowadzone ograniczenia dowodowe, mające zastosowanie w postępowaniu odrębnym w sprawach gospodarczych, wpłyną na ekonomikę postępowania, ale mogą doprowadzić do wydawania orzeczeń niezgodnych z rze­czywistym stanem faktycznym, na podstawie dowodów przedstawionych przez strony. Analiza przepisów o umowach dowodowych prowadzi do wniosku, że nawet w przypadku, gdy danego rodzaju umowa wyłącza dowód z przesłuchania stron, to sąd będzie mógł przeprowadzić ten dowód, a wprowadzenie takiego wyłączenia należałoby uznać za nieważne.
Działalność nieewidencjonowana a działalność gospodarcza. Analiza nowej regulacji prawnej
Authors: Kanarek-Równicka Anna
Published: December 2020

Przedmiot badań: Artykuł dotyczy nowego rozwiązania, dającego możliwość prowadzenia nisko­przychodowej działalności, niepodlegającej rejestracji (działalności nieewidencjonowanej), które zostało wprowadzone ustawą z dnia 6 marca 2018 r. Prawo przedsiębiorców.

Cel badawczy: Celem artykułu jest omówienie zasad podejmowania działalności nieewiden­cjonowanej, dokonanie analizy funkcjonowania tej działalności w kontekście przepisów prawa podatkowego oraz z zakresu ubezpieczeń społecznych, a następnie dokonanie oceny praktycznego zastosowania omawianej regulacji w obrocie gospodarczym.

Metoda badawcza: Przy opracowaniu artykułu posłużono się metodą dogmatyczno-prawną.

Wyniki: Artykuł zmierza do wykazania, iż przyjęta przez ustawodawcę konstrukcja działalności nieewidencjonowanej stanowi formę uzyskiwania dochodu podobną do działalności gospodarczej. Pozwala bowiem na legalne posiadanie dodatkowego źródła przychodu, lecz warunki zezwalające na prowadzenie takiej działalności jednoznacznie wskazują, iż aktywność ta nie może zastępować głównego źródła dochodu. System ubezpieczeń społecznych przyjmuje za ustawą Prawo przedsię­biorców, iż działalność nieewidencjonowana nie stanowi działalności gospodarczej, a tym samym osoba ją wykonująca nie podlega ubezpieczeniom społecznym z tego tytułu. ZUS wydał jednak interpretację indywidualną, w której uznał, iż skoro osoby wykonujące działalność nieewidencjo­nowaną nie są przedsiębiorcami, nie mogą też świadczyć w ramach tej działalności usług na rzecz przedsiębiorców. Prawo podatkowe z kolei zawiera swoje definicje działalności gospodarczej i nie przewiduje żadnych zwolnień podatkowych z tytułu prowadzenia aktywności nieewidencjonowa­nej. Intencję ustawodawcy należy pozytywnie ocenić, gdyż dążył on do rozwoju oraz usprawnienia obrotu gospodarczego. Wątpliwości, które pojawiły się na gruncie wydanej przez ZUS interpretacji przepisów, mogą prowadzić do wniosku, iż nie każda aktywność osoby wykonującej ją w ramach działalności nieewidencjonowanej będzie podlegała zwolnieniu z obowiązkowego ubezpieczenia społecznego. Takie stanowisko ZUS może negatywnie wpłynąć na atrakcyjność tej formy działalności. Wydaje się zasadnym, aby ustawodawca jednoznacznie określił, iż każda aktywność wykonywana w ramach działalności nieewidencjonowanej będzie zwolniona również z ubezpieczeń społecznych.