bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Комбинированный электропривод с автоматической коробкой передач для станков с ЧПУ
Authors: Иванов Владимир Михайлович
Published: December 2023

Одним из основных режимов на станках токарной группы является режим обработки с постоянством скорости резания и подачи на оборот шпинделя. Привод главного движения в этом случае работает в режиме постоянства мощности. Известны три основных варианта регулирования скорости шпинделя: бесступенчатое, ступенчатое и комбинированное. Для тяжелых токарных станков наиболее приемлемыми являются два последних варианта, так как они позволяют рационально использовать двигатель по моменту и мощности при обработке крупногабаритных изделий. Однако переключение ступеней автоматической коробки передачи приводит к ударным нагрузкам и отклонению от заданных технологических режимов обработки. Рассмотрена проблема минимизации воздействия ударных нагрузок на процесс резания за счет согласованного управления электроприводом и АКП. На основе функции Хевисайда дано представление муфты сцепления АКП как звена, характеризующего дискретный характер передачи мощности. Приведено математическое описание модели силовой цепи привода шпинделя как трехмассовой структуры, в которой процессы переключения ступеней АКП представлены ключами и параметрическими звеньями. При описании ременной передачи учтено натяжение ремня в виде нелинейного звена, определяющего участки трения покоя и скольжения. Выявленные условия безударного переключения позволили разработать структуру управления регулируемого электропривода с упреждающим изменением скорости по отношению к моментам переключения ступеней передачи. Исследования переходных процессов на имитационной модели торцевой обработки для станка с ЧПУ показали, что влияние переключений ступеней передачи на процесс обработки можно свести к минимуму. Разработанная модель силовой цепи главного привода позволила обобщить основные свойства АКП и ременной передачи. Сформулированы основные требования к задачам управления комбинированным электроприводом для распределенных структур ЧПУ, в которых ядро NC системы и Soft PLC связаны по протоколу на основе сети Ethernet.
Desenvolvimento Sustentável em Comunidade Quilombola: análise da Comunidade da Restinga, Lapa, Paraná
Authors: Garcia Luciano , Bueno Wandscheer Clarissa
Published: December 2023

O presente estudo tem como objetivo analisar a crise socioecológica global, ressaltando a complexidade dos desafios interligados, como escassez de energia, mudanças climáticas, desigualdades econômicas e degradação ambiental. Além disso, explora a emergência da Teoria do Bem Viver como uma alternativa para harmonizar humanos, natureza e comunidade. O está nas comunidades quilombolas do Paraná e sua relação com a Teoria do Bem Viver para o desenvolvimento sustentável. A pesquisa segue uma abordagem qualitativa e exploratória, com um design hipotético-dedutivo. A coleta de dados envolveu entrevistas e questionários, e a análise foi realizada com base nos princípios da Teoria do Bem Viver. Os resultados destacam que as comunidades quilombolas valorizam uma perspectiva holística, reconhecendo a interdependência entre geografia, cultura, atividades econômicas e história. A colaboração com associações e cooperativas emerge como crucial para a sustentabilidade econômica e o bem-estar. A Teoria do Bem Viver oferece uma alternativa centrada na cultura, qualidade de vida e harmonia com a natureza. O estudo contribui ao questionar a abordagem tradicional de desenvolvimento sustentável e ao explorar a aplicação da Teoria do Bem Viver como uma perspectiva alternativa. Além disso, a metodologia adotada, combinando entrevistas, questionários e análise com base nos princípios da teoria, apresenta um enfoque inovador para examinar a relação entre desenvolvimento sustentável e culturas tradicionais. As conclusões ressaltam a importância das práticas sustentáveis, da colaboração coletiva e da valorização cultural no enfrentamento dos desafios atuais. As comunidades quilombolas são reconhecidas como essenciais para a preservação da biodiversidade e da cultura no Brasil. O estudo também enfatiza a necessidade de uma transformação na gestão ambiental, promovendo a coexistência equilibrada entre recursos naturais e tradições culturais.
Cell division cycle 42 effector protein 4 inhibits prostate cancer progression by suppressing ERK signaling pathway
Authors: Zhang Xiaowen , Yu Tao , Gao Guojun , Xu Junbao , Lin Ruihui , Pan Zhifang , Liu Jianying , Feng Weiguo
Published: December 2023

Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most common malignancy among men worldwide. The cell division cycle 42 effector protein 4 (CDC42EP4) functions downstream of CDC42, yet its role and molecular mechanisms in PCa remain unexplored. This study aimed to elucidate the role of CDC42EP4 in the progression of PCa and its underlying mechanisms. Bioinformatical analysis indicated that CDC42EP4 expression was significantly lower in PCa tissue compared to normal prostate tissue. Cellular phenotyping analysis suggested that CDC42EP4 markedly inhibited the proliferation, migration, and invasion of PCa cells. Xenograft tumor assays further demonstrated that CDC42EP4 suppressed the growth of PCa cells in vivo. Mechanistically, the study established that CDC42EP4 inhibited the ERK pathway in PCa cells. Additionally, the ERK pathway inhibitor PD0325901 was employed, revealing that PD0325901 significantly nullified the effects of CDC42EP4 on PCa cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. Collectively, our findings demonstrate that CDC42EP4 acts as a critical tumor suppressor gene, inhibiting PCa cell proliferation, migration, and invasion through the ERK pathway, thereby presenting potential targets for PCa therapy.
Parenthood and Gender in Russian Academia
Authors: Чечик Елена
Published: December 2023

Based on data from a survey conducted in November 2021 involving 2,395 economists working in the academic field, the impact of parenthood on both mothers and fathers on elements of academic careers, such as defending a doctoral thesis and publishing productivity, is being analyzed.

 

It has been observed that men successfully balance the arrival of their first child with the defense of their doctoral thesis, while for most women, these events occur sequentially with a time gap. Furthermore, the strategies for combining parenthood with building a professional career among young respondents differ from those of their older colleagues. The older the woman in our sample, the more likely she is to prioritize the "child first, then defense" strategy. Over time, priorities have shifted, and now women are more inclined to postpone childbirth.

 

Using data from the elibrary.ru library, indicators of respondents' publication productivity were obtained, indicating that, on average, men publish more works indexed in RINC and the RINC core. A similar publication gap has been identified in other countries, with researchers suggesting unequal burdens that women and men bear during parenthood as a possible explanation for this gap. The results of the study do not provide grounds to consider the presence or absence of children as a significant factor explaining this gap. The author considers self-selection among respondents due to barriers within the academic environment and differences in career goals as possible reasons for the publication gap. Both women with and without children are relatively more oriented towards a teaching career, and the presence of a child may strengthen this tendency.
COVID-19 Vaccine Education: Is It Effective?
Authors: Марголис Аркадий , Сорокова Марина , Шепелева Елена , Гаврилова Евгения , Расходчикова Марина , Шведовская Анна , Дробязько Анжела , Вихристюк Ольга , Прокопьева Любовь , Лисицына Александра , Радчикова Наталия , Виноградов Алексей
Published: December 2023

The article presents experiment findings to verify the educational activities program in the field of COVID-19 vaccine prevention for students. The study was conducted at the Moscow State University of Psychology and Education, the analytical sample size is N = 780. Five aspects (as measuring scales) of attitudes towards vaccination against COVID-19 were identified: the benefits of vaccination against coronavirus for a person and society; denial of the coronavirus danger and hope for natural immunity; fear of the side effects of vaccination against coronavirus and distrust of vaccination safety information; confidence in the serious negative consequences of the coronavirus vaccine; disbelief in the proven effectiveness of Russian vaccines at the international level. A comparative analysis of the effectiveness of 4 strategies for influencing student's attitudes to vaccination against COVID-19 was carried out: lectures only (CG), lectures in combination with seminars / webinars in the traditional format (EG1), with discussions of real life cases related to vaccination and its effects (EG2), with holding student's debates (EG3). There are no gender differences between groups. There are differences in age, but the mean difference does not exceed 2 years. At the ascertaining stage, there are no differences on the scales; at the control stage, differences are revealed. On all 5 scales, positive and negative effects in the whole sample are almost equally likely. It was not possible to single out a fundamentally best strategy for educational influence. In general, the effectiveness of educational activities is somewhat greater when conducting lectures in combination with various kinds of seminars compared to lectures alone, but the effectiveness is low everywhere. Cohen's d standard effect sizes do not exceed 0,44. Slightly higher is efficiency when conducting lectures in combination with traditional seminars / webinars or case studies. The student's debates holding strategy did not meet expectations. A number of significant correlations were found between various aspects of attitudes towards vaccination with natural science literacy, logical thinking, verbal intelligence, the degree of fear of COVID-19, personal and situational anxiety. All correlations are weak, but their direction is as expected.
Hydrogen subatoms and nuclear transmutation of elements
Authors: Nevolin V. K.
Published: December 2023

The subatomic state of hydrogen is a new previously unknown state of hydrogen, predicted on the basis of many years of theoretical research. These hydrogen atoms in bas 30-23_Неволин ic condition are characterized by a more compact localization and, as experiments show, can contribute to the experimentally proven nuclear transmutation of elements, that makes it possible to create new low-temperature nuclear energy sources without the use of radioactive materials. Hydrogen in the subatomic state contributes to the maintenance and development of the natural surroundings by participating in nuclear transmutations. Hydrogen subatoms can also play a significant role in biological systems for the reproduction of elements necessary for growth and development by transmutation of nuclei. In particular, new experiments have shown that hydrogen subatoms initiate gamma radiation during photosynthesis in deciduous plants and yeast metabolism. The collection of articles illustrates an approach based on solving a number of well-known problems of quantum mechanics in the representation of probability density and comparing solutions with the results of wave representation, that made it possible to eliminate a number of existing contradictions and obtain several new results, including a description of hydrogen subatoms. This final collection of articles hopefully reflects progress in understanding the subatomic state of hydrogen. The collection of articles is intended for graduate students and young researchers who have previously studied quantum mechanics, and who certainly want to work with the subatomic states of hydrogen.
The Efficacy of Trunk Training Treatment Intensities on Trunk Control of Stroke Patients: A Systematic Review, Meta-Analysis and Meta-Regression
Authors:   School of Mechanical Engineering, Engineering Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 14300 Nibong Tebal, Penang.
Published: December 2023

This study aims to assess the efficacy of trunk training treatment intensities on trunk control of stroke patients with the Trunk Impairment Scale (TIS) score. A structured literature search was performed in several databases from the first indexed article until December 2022, including PubMed, Web of Science, PEDro, Cochrane Library, and Scopus. In addition, the study selection was investigated following the PRISMA guideline. Only randomised controlled trials that examined the trunk training effectiveness on trunk control (measured by the TIS after stroke) were included. A total of 25 trials with 976 stroke patients were evaluated. Meanwhile, seven studies were classified as high bias risk. Irrespective of the training mode and methodology quality, the large effects favored trunk training compared to the control group. The sensitivity analysis revealed a large effect in favour of trunk training on trunk control [SMD = 1.16 (95% CI: 0.93-1.39); p<0.00001, I2 = 80%]. Subsequently, the most effective trunk training treatment duration was 10 hours of core stability exercise for trunk control improvement [SMD = 3.20 (95% CI: 2.25-4.15)]. The meta-regression analysis demonstrated no strong evidence of trunk training treatment intensities on the effect sizes. Trunk training was effective in trunk rehabilitation. Nonetheless, specific trunk training was required for different stroke phases. Interestingly, the effect size was meaningfully enlarged by adding 15 minutes of core stability exercise to the conventional therapy (five sessions per week over eight weeks of intervention). This result was useful in determining the number of sessions for effective trunk rehabilitation.
Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitors Utilization and Outcomes in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease at a Tertiary Centre
Authors:   Nephrology Unit, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, 56000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Published: December 2023

Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitor is an antidiabetic agent with cardiac and renal protective properties. Its renal protective property is a result of the inhibition of tubular sodium reabsorption and reduction in the intraglomerular pressure. The use of SGLT2 inhibitor in chronic kidney disease (CKD) independent of diabetic status is emerging. However, the real-world data of SGLT2 inhibitor utilisation in CKD is limited. We conducted a descriptive study of patients with CKD, who were prescribed with SGLT2 inhibitor in our Nephrology Clinic. A total of 156 patients were initiated on SGLT2 inhibitor from 2017 to 2022. Among them, 58.3% were male, with a mean age of 61 + 13 years, and 86.5% had diabetes mellitus, with estimated mean glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) of 46.41 + 21.14 ml/min/1.73m2, and proteinuria of 2.22 + 2.62 g/day. A total of 85.9% of patients were on renin-angiotensin-system (RAS) blockers, whereby those who were not prescribed with RAS were mostly CKD stage 4. Among the non-diabetic patients, 81% had glomerulonephritis, half of which was IgA nephropathy, and 42.9% were on immunosuppressants. There was a significant retardation of eGFR decline over a six-month-duration after the initiation of SGLT2 inhibitor from -3.46 + 6.56 ml/min/1.73m2 to -0.77 + 7.97 ml/min/1.73m2 (p=0.001). The retardation of eGFR decline was more pronounced in more advanced CKD stages. However, the proteinuria reduction was insignificant over a six-month-duration (-0.03 + 2.31 g/day). There were no adverse events reported. In conclusion, SGLT2 inhibitor retarded the eGFR decline with minimal proteinuria reduction in short-term. Nonetheless, long-term efficacy and safety data of SGLT2 inhibitor in local populations requires further evaluation.
The Effectiveness of Paaryaad and Braitonic Training on Executive Functions of Children with Learning Disabilities
Authors:   Department of Physical Education, Tabriz branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran.
Published: December 2023

The purpose of this research was to compare the effectiveness of braitonic and paaryaad trainings on executive functions on children with learning disabilities. This research applied semi-experimental method. The research was performed in two stages which are pre-test and post-test. The statistical population was children with learning disabilities (45 participants) referred to Tabriz Welfare Center who were voluntary. N-back test was used to measure working memory while Psychomotor task software and Go/ No Go test were used to measure inhibition. After dividing the children into three groups, the braitonic and paaryaad training programs for the two experimental groups were designed and measured according to the children’s condition and the components of executive function (working memory and inhibition) in two stages. Analysis of variance test was used to compare the variables in children’s executive function. The findings demonstrated braitonic trainings and paaryaad trainings improved the level of executive functions of children with learning disabilities. The effect of paaryaad trainings was significantly greater than the effect of braitonic trainings in increasing the level of executive functions of children with learning disabilities.
Health Status of 20,769 Rohingya Refugees in Cox’s Bazar Refugee Camp, Bangladesh
Authors:   Executive Council Member, MERCY Malaysia, MCOBA Building, 42 Jln Syed Putra, Taman Persiaran Desa, 50460 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Published: December 2023

We aimed to access the burden of primary health issues in two refugee camps in Cox’s Bazar. We compared the burden of disease between different age groups and gender. Data on primary health issues, referrals, maternal and child services, and family planning services were collected from November 2017 to May 2018. The sample population was 20,769 Rohingya refugees who had sought medical care; 38.2% (7,935) were males and 61.8% (12,834) were females. Those younger than five years of age constituted 28.1% (5,831), and those five years old and older constituted 71.9% (14,938). The findings revealed that 48% of the sample population sought medical care due to infectious diseases. Acute respiratory infection (29.3%) was the most frequent primary health problem encountered by refugees, followed by diarrhea (9.2%), skin problems (4.6%), injuries/wounds (2.0%) and unexplained fever causes (1.4%). There was a significant difference in the infection rate (p<0.001) between those younger than five years of age (71.7%) and those five years of age or older (38.6%). For communicable diseases, we recommended regular health awareness programs to reduce and prevent outbreaks. For noncommunicable diseases (NCDs), regular treatment and monitoring were essential. Improving the health and social status of refugees will definitely benefit the host country.
Pleomorphic Adenoma of the Soft Palate: The Pillars of Reconstruction
Authors:   Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latiff, Bandar Tun Razak, 56000 Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Published: December 2023

Salivary gland tumour contributed less than 5% of all head and neck tumours. The most common benign tumour of the salivary glands is pleomorphic adenoma. Palate is the common subsite in the oral cavity affected by this tumour. We herein discussed a case of pleomorphic adenoma of the soft palate and the reconstruction dilemma. A 41-year-old male presented with soft palate swelling, which gradually increasing in size in the last 5 years. Intraoral examination revealed well defined, 3x3 cm circumscribed mass at the soft palate, not crossing the midline, encroaching the hard palate, but spared the retromolar trigone and gingivobuccal sulcus. Incisional biopsy performed and histopathological examination showed features of pleomorphic adenoma. He underwent wide local excision of the pleomorphic adenoma with reconstruction using buccal myomucosal flap. Buccal flap was an excellent choice due to its proximity with good recovery. Pleomorphic adenoma of minor salivary gland of the soft palate was managed by complete excision but reconstructing the palatal defect was the cornerstone of managing this tumour. The aim was to preserve functionality and to prevent velopharyngeal insufficiency. Buccal myomucosal flap offered both advantageous, in addition to its proximity to the defect with negligible donor morbidity.
WOMEN’S PARTICIPATION IN FOREIGN AND DOMESTIC POLICY N THE CONDITIONS OF TRANSFORMATION OF POLITICAL REGIMES
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, Batrymenko Oleg , Stychynska Anna ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, Tkach Oleg ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: December 2023

The article highlights the historical formation of the political status of women. The conditions for their inclusion in the political process were characterized and the issue of discrimination against women in politics was investigated. The methodological principles of the study of the women’s issue in politics, taking into account the national specifics, have been determined. The mechanisms of strengthening the political role of women are analyzed. The article attempts to explain the growth of gender norms and feminist strategies in domestic and foreign policy. In order to address these main research questions and stimulate cross-national comparative studies, this article proposes theoretical foundations for defining gender foreign policy. They are based on two directions: international feminist theory and foreign policy analysis. Researchers single out three methods by which a comparative analysis of gender in domestic and foreign policy can be carried out: by distinguishing variations of pro-gender norms and analytical assessment of international trends; by explaining the growth, as well as countering gender norms in foreign policy; by studying the sequence of changes in gender norms to reveal contradictions in foreign policy.
THE INFLUENCE OF MASS MEDIA ON THE ELECTORATE
Authors:   National Technical University «Kharkiv Polytechnic Institute» (Kharkiv) Ukraine, Farafonova Iryna
Published: December 2023

The influence of the mass media (mass media) on the electorate, as well as media manipulation as a technology influencing the processes of electorate programming, is studied. The study of the mass media phenomenon through the prism of the priorities of philosophy is expressed. The concepts of «media» and mass media are analyzed. The role of mass media in the political process and elections is understood. Justified in relation to the media concept of scientists V. Hamson, U. Hamsun, J. Klapper and others, and these concepts did not lose their importance until the next time. It is proven that there are different approaches to media influence on the behavior of the electorate through mass media messages: party, registration, advertising, bibliographic. It has been established that modern technologies allow the development of various platforms for delivering a message to a reader or viewer online and offline, directly and remotely. The Internet plays a significant role in the political process, in election campaigns. Internet technologies refer to mass media that influence people and are indispensable in the electoral process. A research analysis based on the philosophical understanding of the study of the influence of mass media on electoral behavior has been carried out. Mass media form citizens’ emotions, public opinions, and actions characteristic of their target audience. Mass media covertly manipulate the consciousness of voters to create myths, the desired effect of political events, search for an enemy, planting stereotypes for the activity or passivity of the electorate’s behavior. It has been established that mass media form and influence the socialization of people in society and transform important branches of society. Thanks to the mass media, citizens learn about new achievements in the fields of science, philosophy, religion, law, economics, politics, law. In general, one part of the electorate listens to the opinion of the press during the political processes in elections, these citizens are passive, they are not interested in political programs and they do not engage in dialogues with the mass media and party candidates. The second part of voters is active and shows interest in political processes, party activities and political media messages.
Stone Age Ivory Points from the Arctic Zone of Northeast Asia
Authors:   Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Kandyba A. V. , Zotkina L. V. ,   Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences,   Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, “ArchaeoZOOlogy in Siberia and Central Asia” ZooSCAn International Research Laboratory, IRL 2013, Grigoriev S. E. ,   Lazarev Mammoth Museum, Ammosov North-Eastern Federal University, Fedorov S. E. ,   Lazarev Mammoth Museum, Ammosov North-Eastern Federal University, Cheprasov M. Y. ,   Lazarev Mammoth Museum, Ammosov North-Eastern Federal University, Novgorodov G. P. ,   Lazarev Mammoth Museum, Ammosov North-Eastern Federal University, Petrozhitskiy A. V. ,   Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Kuleshov D. V. ,   Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Parkhomchuk V. V. ,   Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: December 2023

В статье представлены результаты комплексного исследования изделий из бивня мамонта (фрагментированный стержневой и двухпазовый наконечники) хорошей сохранности, найденных в 2016 г. на территории Усть-Янского р-на Республики Саха (Якутия). Дается технико-типологическая характеристика предметов. Приводится детальное описание всех зафиксированных на артефактах следов обработки и придания формы, свидетельствующих о разных этапах технологического процесса. Установлена последовательность технологических операций, связанных с изготовлением наконечников: от получения заготовок, придания формы с помощью строгания и абразивной обработки до финальной стадии — полировки. Сколы на предметах интерпретируются как результат постдепозиционных повреждений, которые могли произойти от воздействия криогенных процессов во время залегания в толщах отложений. На пазовом наконечнике выявлен орнамент из пяти стрелок, выполненный в технике тонкой гравировки. На основе данных о месте обнаружения рассматриваемых изделий из бивня и их морфологических особенностей стержневой наконечник соотнесен со сходными изделиями из комплекса Янских стоянок, а пазовый наконечник — с материалами стоянки Жохово и других синхронных местонахождений Северо-Восточной Азии. Радиоуглеродное датирование предметов подтверждает эти заключения. Сделаны следующие выводы: стержневой наконечник относится к периоду, соответствующему MIS 3, а двухпазовый наконечник — MIS 2; наконечники из бивня следует рассматривать в качестве материальных свидетельств развитой технологии обработки этого вида сырья в период позднего плейстоцена и раннего голоцена в высоких широтах Северо-Восточной Азии и как одно из проявлений стратегии адаптации древнего населения к условиям малочисленности источников каменного сырья на данной территории.
The Russian Archaeological Project in South America: Principal Findings and Prospects
Authors:   Educational and Scientific Museum, Far Eastern Federal University, Popov А. N. , Tabarev А. V. ,   Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: December 2023

Целью статьи является характеристика полевых и лабораторных исследований, проведенных первой российской археологической экспедицией совместно с коллегами из Эквадора и Японии в Южной Америке в 2014-2015, 2017-2018 гг. Объектами были памятники архаического (10,8-6,6 тыс. л.н.) и раннеформативного (5,5-3,5 тыс. л.н.) периодов в прибрежной части Эквадора (пров. Санта-Элена). В результате работ на памятниках Реаль-Альто (культура вальдивия) и Лома-Альта (культура лас-вегас) получены представительные археологические, антропологические и фаунистические коллекции, существенно расширена база радиоуглеродных дат (AMS), что позволило сформулировать ряд принципиально новых положений о хронологии и периодизации культур, а также о времени происхождения и особенностях гончарства на Южно-Американском континенте. В частности, на основе анализа археологического материала впервые удалось доказать сосуществование в самом начале формативного периода двух раннекерамических традиций — вальдивия и «Сан-Педро», продемонстрировать специфику «тропического пакета» в каменном инструментарии и проследить ранее неизвестные черты погребального обряда культур лас-вегас и вальдивия. Данные радиоуглеродного анализа позволили скорректировать хронологию позднего этапа докерамической культуры лас-вегас (8,0-4,8 тыс. л.н.) и предварительно определить время появления гончарства (4,8-4,7тыс. л.н.). В Заключении обозначаются основные приоритеты и дальнейшие перспективы исследований российских археологов на тихоокеанском побережье Южной Америки, подчеркивается необходимость и важность международной кооперации.
Shift of the Yenisei and Abakan Beds as Reasons for Constructing the Second Abakan Fort in 1707
Authors:   Novosibirsk State University, Skobelev S. G.
Published: December 2023

Статья посвящена анализу условий, которые стали причиной строительства второго Абаканского острога не в устье р. Абакан, как было запланировано изначально, а на правом берегу р. Енисей между горами Унюк и Туран. Рассматриваются результаты изучения подвижек песчаных гряд, перекрывавших и изменявших русла этих рек, а также местность, выбранную для возведения острога. На основании сведений письменных источников установлено, что изменения русел Абакана и Енисея как взаимосвязанных систем произошли одновременно — в период между 1691-1697 гг. и не ранее V— VII вв. до н.э. Приводятся данные современной гидрологии, свидетельствующие по сути о таких же процессах, какие имели место в регионе в древности и начале Нового времени. Нижняя дата изменения русла Абакана подтверждается информацией о разрушениях местонахождений тагарской культуры раннего железного века у аала Сартыков на Абакане. Отмечено, что в настоящее время Енисей здесь круто поворачивает на восток, что соответствует общей направленности рек в регионе. Опровергнуто предположение Д.А. Клеменца о том, что Енисей при выходе из Западно-Саянского каньона тек в западном направлении. Сделан вывод о том, что перенесение строительства острога на новое место было обусловлено эволюцией речных систем Западной Сибири, в частности, изменением русла Абакана.
Опухоли невыявленной первичной локализации
Authors: Новик А. В. , Гладков О. А. , Имянитов Е. Н. , Копп В. М. , Новиков С. Н. , Проценко С. А.
Published: December 2023

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Иммуноопосредованные нежелательные явления
Authors: Проценко С. А. , Баллюзек М. Ф. , Берштейн Л. М. , Жукова Н. В. , Новик А. В. , Носов Д. А. , Петенко Н. Н. , Семенова А. И. , Чубенко В. А. , Харкевич Г. Ю. , Юдин Д. И.
Published: December 2023

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Центральный венозный доступ
Authors: Исянгулова А. З. , Шин А. Р. , Петкау В. В.
Published: December 2023

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Evaluation of blood metal levels of hockey teams after playing on synthetic turf fields
Authors: GULLU Esin , EFDAL Abdulsamet , GULLU Abdullah , CETIN Ihsan
Published: December 2023

Background Artificial turf fields are widely used as an alternative to natural grass in many areas such as parks, playgrounds, and playing fields. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the toxicological effects of the chemicals contained in the fields consisting of artificial turf and crumb rubber on the blood metal levels in field hockey players.
MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted involving 28 apparently healthy men aged 20-25 years who participated in this study voluntarily. They consisted of 17 field hockey athletes [athlete group (AG)] and 11 sedentary males [control group (CG)]. Before and after the 7-day tournament, blood samples were taken from AG and CG to measure mercury, arsenic, aluminum, lead, zinc, magnesium and iron levels. An independent t-test was used to analyze the data.
ResultsIn comparisons between CG and AG, the magnesium level of AG before the tournament was higher, while the iron and mercury levels were significantly lower (p<0.05). In intragroup comparisons, a significant increase was observed in the post-tournament magnesium and iron variables in the AG group (p<0.05). In post-tournament intergroup comparisons, increases in the Mg and decreases in the Hg variables of AG were significant (p<0.05).
ConclusionIt is thought that as a result of the tournament on fields with synthetic grass surfaces, the male field hockey players in the 20-25 age group were toxicologically not affected by the harmful heavy metals present in these fields, because the Hg, As, Pb, Zn, Al, Fe, and Mg levels are within the international reference ranges.
Vekâlet Teorisi Üzerine Bibliyometrik Bir Araştırma
Authors: BAL Feride , UFACIK Ozan Emre
Published: December 2023

Örgütlerin büyümesi ve karmaşıklaşması örgüt yönetiminin her alanda bilgi sahibi olmasını da gerekli hale getirmektedir. Örgütlerin, bu süreci doğru bir şekilde devam ettirebilmesi için başta yönetsel alanlar olmak üzere tüm birimlerde uzman ve yeterli kişileri istihdam etmesi gerekmektedir. Ancak bu durum çeşitli sorunları da beraberinde getirmektedir. Bu bağlamda geliştirilen vekâlet kuramı bu gibi sorunları tartışmaktadır. Bu çalışma kapsamında da vekâlet teorisinin titiz bir şekilde incelenebilmesi için Web of Science veri tabanında yer alan 2013-2022 yılları arasındaki çalışmalar bibliyometrik analiz yöntemiyle incelenmiştir. Araştırma kapsamında bibliyometrik analiz yapılarak 1573 makale incelenmiştir. Modern örgüt yapılarının gelişimiyle beraber, vekâlet teorisinin öneminin daha da arttığı ve çalışma kapsamında vekâlet teorisinin birçok kavram ile ilişkilendirilerek daha fazla incelendiği görülmüştür. Çalışmada elde edilen bulguların gelecekte vekâlet teorisi üzerine çalışmalar yapacak araştırmacılara güçlü bir temel sağlayacağı düşünülmektedir. Çalışma, verilerin değerlendirmeye alındığı dönem ve yalnızca Web of Science veri tabanında yer alan işletme ve yönetim alanındaki makaleler ile sınırlıdır.
С. Я. ЕРБАНОВА — ШКОЛЬНЫЕ И СТУДЕНЧЕСКИЕ ГОДЫ (к 120-летию со дня рождения)
Authors:   Бурятский государственный университет имени Доржи Банзарова, А. Э. Будаева
Published: December 2023

Статья посвящена школьным и студенческим годам легендарной С. Я. Ербановой (Малахировой) (1903–1987), становление личности которой проходило в сложный период революционных событий 1917–1922 гг. В юбилейный год важно ответить на вопрос: «С каким багажом профессиональных знаний и образования Савранна Яковлевна смогла пройти уникальный путь — от экономиста отдела до заместителя председателя Госплана Бурят-Монгольской АССР?». Жизнь в Нижнеудинске и Черемхово, больших по тем временам городах, где происходили революционные преобразования, сформировала у девушки из бурятского улуса передовые взгляды. С именем С. Я. Ербановой и ее соратников связаны многие крупные народнохозяйственные достижения в развитии транспортной инфра-структуры, агропромышленного комплекса и культуры Бурятии. По имеющимся сведениям, Ербанова — первая женщина-дипломированный специалист, которая смогла работать на руководящей должности в Госплане. В годы плановой экономики этот государственный орган выполнял функции высшего экспертного и научно-координационного центра. Многие идеи плеяды талантливых экономистов продолжают жить и развиваться на благо республики. Все это объясняет внимание к вопросу истока активной жизненной позиции и лидирующей роли в освоении женщинами экономической сферы деятельности.
Digital signal processing on graphs
Authors: Попова Т.М. , Жидков М.Д.
Published: December 2023

Рассмотрены понятия цифровой обработки сигналов, которые представлены в виде взвешенных графов, применены различные фильтры для очистки зашумления выборки сигналов в виде сенсорного и кластерного графов. Использованы фильтры на основе метода теплового ядра, алгоритма Таубина и свертки этих алгоритмов. Проведен сравнительный анализ применения этих методов для сигналов в виде сенсорного и кластерного графов.

The concepts of digital signal processing, which are presented in the form of weighted graphs, are considered, various filters are applied to clean up the noise of a signal sample in the form of sensory and cluster graphs. Filters based on the thermal kernel method, the Taubin algorithm and the convolution of these algorithms are used. A comparative analysis of the application of these methods for signals in the form of sensor and cluster graphs is carried out.
Development of the information system for a combined study of dizziness
Authors: Непрокин А.В. , Горбунов А.В. , Туголуков Е.Н. , Палатов П.А.
Published: December 2023

Рассматриваются методы цифровой обработки изображений и представления данных в информационной системе комплексного исследования головокружений. В ряде случаев следует проводить комплексное медицинское обследование, которое должно включать анализ данных видеонистагмографии и электроэнцефалографии. Попытки совместить системы электроэнцефалографии и видеозапись движений глаз делались ранее. Однако на сегодняшний день нет полноценной информационной системы, которая бы предоставляла возможность регистрация, сопоставления и анализа результатов комплексного исследования. Показана возможность синхронного сбора и использования данных видеонистагмографии и электроэнцефалографии для диагностики головокружений, а также для решения исследовательских и образовательных задач. Предложенные в ходе выполнения исследования методы и технологии цифровой обработки изображений обеспечивают повышение точности определения координаты центра зрачка до 29 % в исследуемой системе.

The article considers methods of digital image processing and data representation in the system of complex study of dizziness. In certain cases, a complex medical examination should be performed, which should include evaluation of videonystagmography (VNG) and electroencephalography (EEG) data. Attempts to combine electroencephalography and video recording of eye movements have been made previously. However, at present, there is no integrated information system that would provide the ability to record, compare and analyze the results of a complex study. The possibility of synchronous collection and use of VNG and EEG data for the differential diagnosis of dizziness as well as for research and educational purposes has been studied. The methods and technologies of digital image processing proposed in the research provides an increase in the accuracy of determining the coordinate of the pupil center up to 29 % in the investigated system.
BFF – a user experience-optimized approach to mobile and web development
Authors: Пивоваров В.В. , Хабибуллин Р.М. , Нуркаев Р.Р.
Published: December 2023

Статья посвящена изучению Backend for Frontend (BFF) – оптимизированного для пользовательского опыта подхода к разработке мобильных и веб-приложений. Обосновывается актуальность и значимость темы исследования. В настоящей статье рассматривается концепция BFF в контексте разработки мобильных и веб-приложений. BFF – это подход, который помогает оптимизировать пользовательский опыт путем создания специализированного серверного API, приспособленного к конкретным потребностям мобильного и веб-клиента. Объясняются преимущества BFF и его роль в современной разработке. Во-первых, BFF позволяет устранить избыточность запросов, которая часто возникает при использовании универсальных API для множества клиентских приложений. Во-вторых, BFF обеспечивает гибкость и независимость клиентской и серверной частей, позволяя каждой стороне эволюционировать независимо друг от друга. Рассматриваются различные подходы к реализации BFF и примеры его применения. Описываются основные задачи BFF, такие как агрегация данных с разных источников, адаптация данных для клиентского приложения и кэширование. Предлагаются лучшие практики и рекомендации по использованию BFF в различных сценариях разработки. В заключении подводятся итоги и делаются выводы о значимости BFF в создании мобильных и веб-приложений с улучшенным пользовательским опытом. BFF представляет собой мощный инструмент, который позволяет разработчикам эффективно управлять взаимодействием клиентской и серверной частей.

The article is devoted to the study of Backend for Frontend (BFF) – a user experience-optimized approach to developing mobile and web applications. The authors substantiate the relevance and significance of the research topic. This article discusses the concept of BFF in the context of mobile and web application development. This article discusses the concept of Backend for Frontend (BFF) in the context of developing mobile and web applications. BFF is an approach that helps optimize the user experience by creating a custom back-end API tailored to the specific needs of the mobile and web client. The authors explain in detail the benefits of BFF and its role in modern development. First, BFF eliminates the request redundancy that often occurs when using generic APIs for multiple client applications. Then, BFF provides the flexibility and independence of the client and server parts, allowing each side to evolve independently of each other. Various approaches to the implementation of BFF and examples of its application are also considered. The main tasks of BFF are described, such as aggregation of data from different sources, adaptation of data for a client application, and caching. Best practices and recommendations are offered for using BFF in various development scenarios. The conclusion summarizes and draws conclusions about the importance of BFF in creating mobile and web applications with improved user experience. BFF is a powerful tool that allows developers to effectively manage the interaction between client and server parts.
Problems of multi-agent systems and possible ways to solve them
Authors: Чернышев С.А.
Published: December 2023

Рассматривается история развития мультиагентных систем, освещаются их основные преимущества. Обсуждаются причины, из-за которых данная технология не достигла распространения: сложность BDI-модели агентов, стандарты FIPA, отсутствие промышленных методологий разработки мультиагентных систем и др. Предлагаются различные варианты решений выхода из сложившейся ситуации: формирование библиотеки общих шаблонов проектирования мультиагентных систем, адаптация существующих подходов и технологий из области программной инженерии для разработки архитектур агента и мультиагентной системы в целом, использование больших языковых моделей (LLaMa, Alpaca и др.) для реализации интеллектуальных программных агентов и др.

This article discusses the history of the development of multi-agent systems, highlights their main advantages, and addresses the reasons why this technology has not become widespread: the complexity of the BDI agent model, FIPA standards, the lack of industrial of multi-agent systems development methodologies, etc. Various solutions are proposed to overcome the current situation, such as: creating a library of common of multi-agent systems design patterns, adapting existing approaches and technologies from the field of software engineering for the development of agent architectures and the overall multi-agent system, and using large language models (LLaMa, Alpaca, etc.) for the implementation of intelligent software agents, etc.
Kızılçam kozalağından elde edilen biyokömürün absorban olarak kullanımı: Sulu çözeltiden kongo kırmızısı giderimi
Authors: BAYRAM Okan , ÖZKAN Uğur , ŞAHİN Halil Turgut
Published: December 2023

Anyonik bir boyar madde olan Kongo Kırmızısı (KR) günümüzde endüstrinin birçok alanında kullanılmaktadır. Anyonik ve katyonik boyar maddelerin temizlenmeden su kaynakları ile temas etmesi ciddi çevre sorunlarına yol açmaktadır. Bu çalışmada ülkemizde geniş yayılış gösteren kızılçam (Pinus brutia Ten.) kozalağı biyokömür (PBKB) haline getirilmiş ve sulu çözeltilerden KR gideriminde kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlarda, PBKB ile KR gideriminin Langmuir adsorpsiyon izotermine uygun olduğu (R2=0.975) ve maksimum adsorpsiyon kapasitesi değerinin 14.124 mg/g olduğu bulunmuştur. Yapılan kinetik ve termodinamik hesaplamalar sonucunda adsorpsiyon sürecinin endotermik olduğu ve pseudo-second-order (PSO) üzerinden yürüdüğü sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. PBKB, KR ile temas etmeden önce ve temas ettikten sonra SEM-EDS ve FT-IR cihazlarıyla karakterize edilmiştir. Temas etmeden önce SEM-EDS karakterizasyonu yapıldığında C elementinin ağırlık yüzdesi (%57.450), atomik yüzdesi (%66.540) ve O elementinin ağırlık yüzdesi (%34.310), atomik yüzdesi (%29.830) olarak hesaplamıştır. Sonrasında ise C elementinin ağırlık yüzdesi (%67.230), atomik yüzdesi (%75.400) ve O elementinin ağırlık yüzdesi (%26.110), atomik yüzdesi (%21.990) olarak hesaplanmıştır.
Tomruk piyasası aktörlerinin dikili ağaç satış yönetmeliklerinde yapılan değişikliklere ilişkin algıları
Authors: AKÖZLÜ Alper , ŞEN Gökhan
Published: December 2023

Dikili ağaç satış metodu tüm dünyada olduğu gibi Türkiye’de de uygulanan bir satış yöntemidir. İlk kez 1996’da yürürlüğe giren dikili satış yönetmeliği birçok kez değişikliğe uğramıştır. Buna karşın bu değişikliklerin etkilerinin neler olduğu belirli değildir. 6877 Sayılı Tamim’in yürürlüğe girmesi ile oluşan değişiklikler ile mevcut sorunların çözümü hedeflenmişse de bu değişimin gerçekten sorunlara çözüm bulup bulmadığı bir muallaktır. Bu çalışmada 6521 sayılı tamim ile 6877 sayılı tamim arasındaki farklılıklar belirlenerek yapılan değişikliklerin dikili satış mekanizmasındaki tüm ilgi gruplarını nasıl etkilediği ve sorunların çözüme kavuşup kavuşmadığı belirlenmeye çalışılmıştır. Bu amaçla çalışma alanı olarak belirlenen Kastamonu Orman Bölge Müdürlüğü’nde orman kooperatifleri, orman köylüleri, orman işletmesi çalışanları ve odun kökenli ürün işleyen işletmeler ile yapılan anket çalışması ile ilgi gruplarının görüşleri belirlenmiştir. Verilerin elde edilmesinde ise yüz yüze anket yöntemi uygulanmıştır. İlgili grupların görüşlerinin ifade edilmesinde yüzde ve tablo yöntemleri kullanılırken, değişimler hakkındaki görüşlerinin farklılık gösterip göstermediği aşamasında Kruskal-Wallis analizi, Mann-Whitney U testinden yararlanılmıştır. Çalışma sonuçları, tamimlerde yapılan değişimlerin ilgi gruplarını farklı yönde etkilediğini göstermektedir. Bu değişikliklerden verim yüzdesi hesabının iyileştiği, transportta yaşanan sorunların halen tam olarak giderilemediği, dikili satışlarda zorunlu Orman Mühendisi çalıştırılmasının orman işletmeleri hariç pek kabul görmediği belirtilmektedir. Bununla birlikte paydaşların iş güvenliği konusundaki farkındalığının halen çok yüksek olmadığı, işletmeler hariç diğer paydaşlar tarafından peyderpey satış ve vadeli ödeme yöntemlerinin olumlu karşılandığı, orman ürünü üretimlerinde yerel alan dışından işçi çalıştırılmasının pek kabul görmediği ve üretim sürelerinin işin miktarına göre düzenlenmesi gerektiği paydaşlar tarafından belirtilmektedir.