bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Least Square Support Vector Machines Laguerre Hammerstein Model Identification and Non-linear Model Predictive Controller Design for pH Neutralization Process
Authors: NAREGALKAR Akshaykumar , D Subbulekshmi
Published: March 2022

The ability to describe the nonlinear process dynamics is an essential feature of the Hammerstein model that paved more research and application studies in system identification and control. Using the Hammerstein model, this study shows an alternative approach to identify and control the highly nonlinear pH neutralization process. This Hammerstein model called Laguerre Least Square Support Vector Machines (LLSSVM) models the static nonlinearity with LSSVM and the linear part with Laguerre filter. The identified LLSSVM Hammerstein model performance evaluation with Mean Squared Error (MSE) and Variance Accounted For (VAF) is better than the Linear Laguerre model. We apply the identified LLSSVM Hammerstein model to implement a Nonlinear Model Predictive Controller (NMPC) to control the pH neutralization process. Then evaluated NMPC performance in terms of Integral Squared Error (ISE), Integral Absolute Error (IAE), and Total Variation (TV) and Control Effort (CE) parameters to verify its effectiveness in set-point tracking and disturbance rejection problems. The comparison of the NMPC with the Linear Laguerre Model-based Predictive Controller (LMPC) shows better performance of the NMPC than the LMPC. Results show that the LLSSVM Hammerstein model replicates the pH neutralization process well than the Linear Laguerre model. Also, the identified LLSSVM Hammerstein model provides an efficient NMPC than the LMPC for the pH neutralization process.
Teachers’ Financial Literacy
Authors: Németh Erzsébet , Béres Dániel , Huzdik Katalin , Deák-Zsótér Boglárka , Mészáros Aranka
Published: March 2022

The aim of the research is to explore the financial knowledge, attitudes, confidence, behaviour and motivations of teachers (N=752) teaching different subjects. The survey is particularly important because their knowledge, attitudes, and behaviours affect the financial awareness of the students they teach. The results indicate a higher level of financial literacy than assumed, revealing that teachers have a higher level of financial literacy than students in higher education. 86% of those surveyed have savings in addition to bank deposits, such as government bonds and other, more complex forms of savings, indicating a high level of financial awareness and inclusion. Teachers highly value their own financial literacy, and similar to those studying in higher education, are risk averse. Their vast majority consider the development of financial literacy in schools important. Financial literacy trainings have a measurably positive effect on the level of knowledge of the participants. Based on the results of the research, it is worthwhile to shape the curricula and the requirements based on the financial awareness and motivation of the teachers.
Financing of Agricultural Pensions on the European Continent
Authors: Giday András , Tatay Tibor
Published: March 2022

Supporting agriculture in Europe is important for many reasons: on the one hand, to secure food supplies, and on the other, to ensure the sustainability of rural lifestyles. But in recent decades, rural populations have also been affected by population ageing. Different agricultural pension schemes have been set up in European countries, taking into account the specificities of the agricultural sector. Pension funds have tended to be more important where the role of small farms was significant and the pension system was of the fully Bismarckian type. In general, they were not introduced where a ‘kolkhoz system’ existed in East-Central Europe before 1990. In our study we looked at the different forms that have been implemented. We have reviewed the changes that have taken place in recent decades and found that in some countries, states have supplemented contributions to pension payments by up to 75–85%. Our methodology involves document analysis and comparative assessment. We argue that it is worthwhile to encourage farmers to continue production on smaller farms by providing special sectoral support, career funding and pensions in order to meet social and environmental objectives.
Disclosure of Intellectual Capital : Evidence from Indian Annual Reports
Authors: Singhal Soumya , Gupta Seema , Gupta Vijay Kumar
Published: March 2022

The shifting of the economy from manufacturing-based to knowledge-based has raised the importance of Intellectual Capital (IC) in the business value creation process. Although IC has been recognized in integrated reports, limited information about it is still reported in traditional financial disclosures. The present study examines the extent of intellectual capital disclosure (ICD) in Indian firms and assesses the gap between stakeholder expectations and industry disclosure procedures. For this purpose, content analysis has been performed on a sample of 30 non-financial firms listed on the Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE) for the year 2019–2020 by constructing a disclosure index of 42 items based on previous studies, under the three categories of IC, namely, structural capital, relational capital, and human capital. The results reveal that the overall disclosure of intellectual capital by Indian firms is low. The companies disclose only 42% of the Intellectual Capital items. Further, it is found that maximum number of companies are disclosing structural capital, while human capital disclosure obtains the minimum score. The results imply the need to develop a proper framework for reporting intangibles in the annual statements of organizations in India.
Equity Based Crowdfunding : Determinants of Successful Campaign: the Case of Crowdcube Platform in the United Kingdom
Authors: Wachira Virginia Kirigo , Wachira Esther Wanjiru
Published: March 2022

The study is aimed at exploring what influences the amount of money raised which can either lead to the success or failure of equity-based crowdfunding using Crowdcube. The study used Pearson correlations and multiple regression analysis. The regression model was considered a good fit as it was statistically significant. The findings of the paper revealed that the number of investors, target amount, and pre-money valuation strongly and positively influence the success of equity-based crowdfunding campaigns. Additionally, equity, display of share price information, and online social media presence are other factors that influence the success of equity-based crowdfunding campaigns. However, previous crowdfunding history was negatively associated with the success of campaigns. The uniqueness of the study will benefit investors and founders who aim at running or investing in successful equity-based crowdfunding campaigns in the UK and globally. The study recommends further research using other equity-based crowdfunding platforms in different countries and continents.
Tanárok pénzügyi kultúrája
Authors: Németh Erzsébet , Béres Dániel , Huzdik Katalin , Deák-Zsótér Boglárka , Mészáros Aranka
Published: March 2022

A kutatás célja a különböző szakon oktató pedagógusok (N=752) pénzügyi ismereteinek, attitűdjeinek, magabiztosságának, viselkedésének és motivációinak feltárása. A felmérés különösen fontos, mivel az ő tudásuk, attitűdjük és viselkedésük hatással van az általuk oktatott diákok pénzügyi tudatosságára. Az eredmények a feltételezettnél magasabb szintű pénzügyi tudást jeleznek, feltárva, hogy a tanárok pénzügyi tájékozottsága magasabb szintű, mint a felsőoktatásban tanuló hallgatóké. A megkérdezettek 86 százalékának van megtakarítása, amit bankbetétek mellett, állampapírban, illetve egyéb, összetettebb megtakarítási formákban tartanak, ez magas szintű pénzügyi tudatosságra és bevonódásra utal. A tanárok saját pénzügyi tudásukat magasra értékelik, ezzel együtt a felsőoktatásban tanulókhoz hasonlóan kockázatkerülők. Túlnyomó többségük fontosnak tartja a pénzügyi kultúra iskolai fejlesztését. A pénzügyikultúra-képzéseknek mérhetően pozitív hatása van a résztvevők tudásszintjére. A kutatás eredményei alapján érdemes tehát a tanárok pénzügyi tudatosságára és motivációjára építve alakítani a tanterveket és a követelményrendszert.
Szellemi tőkével kapcsolatos közzétételek : Indiai éves jelentésekből gyűjtött bizonyítékok
Authors: Singhal Soumya , Gupta Seema , Gupta Vijay Kumar
Published: March 2022

A gazdaságnak a gyártásalapú gazdaságtól a tudásalapú gazdaság felé történő elmozdulása felértékelte a szellemi tőke fontosságát az üzleti érték létrehozásának folyamatában. Bár az integrált jelentésekben kimutatják a szellemi tőkét, a hagyományos pénzügyi beszámolók korlátozott információkat közölnek róla. Tanulmányunk a szellemi tőkével kapcsolatos közzétételeknek az indiai cégeknél tapasztalható mértékét, valamint az érdekeltek elvárásai és az iparági közzétételi eljárások között fennálló szakadékot vizsgálja. E célból tartalomelemzést végeztünk a Bombay Értéktőzsdén jegyzett 30 nempénzügyi cégből álló mintán a 2019–2020 közötti időszakra olyan módon, hogy korábbi tanulmányok alapján összeállítottunk egy 42 tételből álló közzétételi indexet a szellemi tőke három kategóriájában, nevezetesen a strukturális tőke, a kapcsolati tőke és a humán tőke alatt. Az eredmények azt mutatták, hogy a szellemi tőkével kapcsolatos közzétételek az indiai cégeknél általában véve csekély mértékűek. A vállalatok a szellemi tőkével kapcsolatos tételek mindössze 42 százalékát teszik közzé. Megállapítottuk továbbá, hogy a legtöbb vállalat a strukturális tőkéről tesz közzé adatokat, míg a humán tőkével kapcsolatos közzétételek minimális pontszámot értek el. Az eredmények azt jelzik, hogy ki kell dolgozni az immateriális javaknak az indiai vállalatok éves beszámolóiban történő feltüntetésének megfelelő keretét.
Tulajdonositőke-alapú közösségi finanszírozás : A kampányok kimenetelét meghatározó tényezők a Crowdcube-platform vizsgálatán keresztül az Egyesült Királyságban
Authors: Wachira Virginia Kirigo , Wachira Esther Wanjiru
Published: March 2022

A jelen tanulmány azt vizsgálja, hogy az összegyűjtött források nagyságát, valamint a Crowdcubeplatformon keresztül történő tulajdonositőke-alapú közösségi finanszírozás sikerét vagy sikertelenségét milyen tényezők befolyásolják. Vizsgálatunkhoz Pearson-féle korrelációt és többszörös regreszsziót használtunk. A statisztikai szignifikancia miatt a regressziós modell jó illeszkedésnek bizonyult. A tanulmány megállapította, hogy a tőkealapú közösségi finanszírozási kampányok kimenetelét a befektetők száma, a célösszeg, valamint a cég befektetés előtti értéke erősen és pozitívan befolyásolja. További befolyásoló tényezőként a tulajdonrész (tőke), a részvényár-információk megjelenítése és a közösségi média jelenléte említhető. A közösségi finanszírozással kapcsolatos előzmény (korábbi részvétel) ugyanakkor a kampányok sikeréhez negatívan kapcsolódott. A tanulmány egyedisége azon vállalkozók (alapítók) és befektetők számára fog segítséget jelenteni, akik sikeres tőkealapú közösségi finanszírozási kampányokat kívánnak folytatni, illetve támogatni az Egyesült Királyságban és a világ más részein. A tanulmány ugyanakkor ajánlást fogalmaz meg más országok és földrészek tőkealapú közösségi finanszírozási platformjainak további vizsgálatára is.
The External Communication in Organizational Performance at Court Of Justice
Authors: Widodo Aan
Published: March 2022

Objective - This study aims to explain is carried out to explain the external communication carried out at the Jakarta District Court and explain the community's perspective on the performance of the District Court. The concepts used are external communication and organizational performance.

Methodology/Technique - This research uses a qualitative method with a Case Study approach. The researcher conducted interviews with 3 court officials, 2 court staff and observed the service process and court inquiries carried out. Researchers also conducted interviews with visitors and communication experts.

Finding - The results of this study indicate that organizational communication in the District Court in Jakarta is still ineffective so it provides an overview of the organizational performance and aspects that need to be improved.

Novelty - Improving services through external communication can improve court organizational performance.

Type of Paper - Empirical

Keywords: External Communication; Organizational Performance; Court of Justice; Communications

JEL Classification: D83, L1, L16.
Communication as a factor limiting university-business cooperation
Authors: Sieracka Sylwia , Wirkus Marek
Published: March 2022

Objective - Despite the broad extent of the scientific activity dealing with university-business cooperation, Poland has yet to develop a satisfactory cooperation strategy that takes business needs into account. This issue is still relevant due to the need for continuous improvement and resulting benefits aimed at improving enterprise competitiveness.

Methodology/Technique - Authors of this article attempt to select an overriding determinant that has an impact on maintaining the balance of cooperation between businesses and universities, constituting the basis for further research on the creation of a cooperation strategy.

Finding - Based on the conducted pilot studies, the authors propose the implementation of marketing orientation towards business-university relations, influencing the improvement of communication and selective drawing of ideas from the experiences of other countries.

Novelty - The proposed solutions aim to initiate further activities to build global cooperation networks using artificial intelligence tools, i.e. a broker platform.

Type of Paper - Empirical

Keywords: Communication, Business, University, Cooperation, Marketing Orientation

JEL Classification: L320, L330, M200.
Consumer Behavior in the Process of Buying Fashion Products: a Study of Generational Differences in Terms of Shopping Channel Preferences
Authors: Oleárová Mária , Bačík Radovan , Fedorko Richard
Published: March 2022

Objective - The main objective of the present study was to investigate, using a sample of 486 Slovak consumers, whether there are differences between Generations X, Y, and Z in how often they use single-channel and cross-channel shopping during the process of buying fashion products. Methodology/Technique - As it turned out, consumers of all generations, regardless of differences, have adopted the innovative online way of shopping due to the development of new technologies, and they seem to be very willing to combine it with the traditional one during the shopping process. Applying the Kruskal Wallis test and boxplots showed that significant differences were measured between Generation X and Y, between Generation X and Z, but not between Generation Y and Z. Findings - Therefore, the results of the analysis suggest that the oldest generation of consumers (Generation X), achieves the lowest frequency in terms of the purchase journey in the mode of searching and at the same time buying fashion products via the internet. The research with its findings contributes to the current literature on the general understanding of consumer behavior from the perspective of single-channel and cross-channel shopping. Novelty - Understanding which shopping channels are preferred by consumers leads to improved consumer trust, increased consumer loyalty, and also increased conversion rate, thus creating more significant sales opportunities for retailers. In light of the ever-changing market environment and the development of new technologies, the results can also be beneficial for retailers, as it is essential to monitor the purchase journey and consumer behaviour continuously. Type of Paper - Empirical Keywords: Consumer Behavior; Shopping Channel; Cross-Channel; Showrooming; Webrooming. JEL Classification: M30, M31, M37.
Implementation of Interior Branding in Retail Interior Design
Authors: Sari Sriti Mayang , Nilasari Poppy Firtatwentyna , Tedjokoesoemo Purnama Esa Dora
Published: March 2022

Objective - The purpose of this research is to discover the ways to implement aspects of interior branding in the interior of commercial and retail spaces. It seeks to articulate how space as an interior branding medium can convey the message of retail owners to visitors through retail interior design.

Methodology/Technique - This study uses the descriptive qualitative method with the Tiara Handycraft Store as a case study. Data collection was achieved by conducting interviews with retail managers and visitors, and field observations. The data were analyzed descriptively to elaborate on how to apply every aspect of interior branding in the interior design of the Tiara Handicraft Store. Data analysis in this study was performed based on Kim Kuthteubl's aspects of interior branding, namely: clear vision, unique story, and energy.

Findings - The results of this study indicate that the interior design of the Tiara Handicraft Store has implemented the interior branding aspects of clear vision, unique story, and energy. The combination of these three aspects in the interior design of this store has supported the construction of the identity or brand of the store through the media of its interior space. This application can be seen in the selection of shapes, colors, materials for interior elements, organization of space, and arrangement of furniture and displays. An ambiance of cheerfulness, fun, and comfort has been formed with the play of bright color compositions, patterns, and materials of the interior spatial elements. In this design, space as an interior branding medium conveyed stories, messages from shop owners to visitors through the ambiance, logos, signage, and other interior elements such as the decorative Tiara Handicraft's wall of fame. Through this wall, visitors were entertained with the idea that every item created has its own story, that there is a creative process behind every artwork, and that there are job opportunities for people with disabilities, encouraging a call for social awareness. It is this story or message that uniquely distinguishes Tiara Handicraft Store from other stores in general.

Novelty - This study provides insight and is expected to bring awareness to interior designers about the importance of implementing holistic interior branding in retail interior design to increase the value of their designs.

Type of Paper - Review

Keywords: Commercial interiors; Interior Branding; Retail space; Commercial Space, Clear Vision, Unique Story, Energy

JEL Classification: D02, M31, M39.
Human Capital and Two Factor Theories on Job Satisfaction
Authors: Somrit Kanokwan , Romprasert Dr. Suppanunta
Published: March 2022

Objective - Human capital is part of driving business. Knowledge and skill are needed in an organization to achieve goals. The research aims to study human capital theory combined with two-factor theories on job satisfaction. Because in 2020, there are many employees had resigned from the company. Methodology/Technique - The simplified methodology is to analyses human capital theory as in quantitative for corporate training structure; budget, manpower, and training program. Moreover, two-factor theories are qualitatively applied for corporate structure; organization policies, salary structure, and achievement. This survey research uses questionnaires with a sample of 109 cases calculated from Taro Yamane's formula. Findings - Data analyses are multicollinearity, heteroscedasticity, and autocorrelation. Findings express that the support in higher education and soft skills training is affecting job satisfaction. Furthermore, in terms of two factors show that all key elements are acted as the "Career Life Factors Chain". Business strategy implication expresses as knowledge management via business training rewards. It will be set under terms and conditions to support higher education to employees who work for five years. Besides, upskill and reskill training will provide to an employee who works for three years. Novelty - Meanwhile, two-factor theories business strategy implication as job evaluation and promotion. Criteria for considering are related to the position, age, year of service, and salary. Therefore, top managers can apply its backward analysis with the restructuring of human capital management. Type of Paper - Empirical Keywords: Human Capital, Job Satisfaction, Upskill – Reskill Management JEL Classification: M10, M19.
Resources Based View in Destination Image and Tourist Attitude Influence on Tourist Intention through Tourist Satisfaction to Visit Cultural Heritage in Indonesia
Authors: Siregar Zulkarnain , Lubis Nurul Wardani , Ane La , Nasution Armin Rahmansyah
Published: March 2022

Purpose - North Sumatera is one province in Indonesia functioning as a gate for ASEAN countries. It's an advantage of North Sumatera to be one of the tourist destinations for its cultural heritage. This study aims to know whether tourists' intention can be created to visit the existing cultural heritage in North Sumatera by applying a resource-based view to the destination image. After that the variable destination image, tourist attitude, and tourist satisfaction in affecting Tourist Intention.

Methodology - This research is testing the ability of destination image, tourist attitude, and tourist satisfaction in affecting Tourist Intention. The competitive advantage of tourism sites can create tourist intentions. The research is using questionnaires arranged by Likert scale. The research sample is taken by an accidental sampling method. The data is then processed by Partial Least Square (PLS).

Findings - This research found, with applying RBV into destination image has a connection to tourist attitude, tourist intention, and tourist satisfaction. For the variable tourist, attitude is influenced by tourist satisfaction, but tourist attitude does not have an impact on tourist intention. And tourist satisfaction has a relation to the tourist intention variable.

Novelty - Destination images in previous research have two aspects i.e tangible and intangible. Tangible refers to physical evidence and intangible show to the psychological aspect. While the Resources Based View (RBV) has two aspects of that. furthermore, this research is applying RBV into Destination Image Variable.

Type of Paper - Empirical

Keywords: RBV, Tourist Intention, Destination Image, Tourist Satisfaction, and tourist attitude.

JEL Classification: M31, L83.
Role of 3D CT in Diagnosis of Skull Base Fractures
Authors: Mandang Michelle W. , Prasetyo Eko , Tangel Stephanus J. Ch.
Published: March 2022

Abstract: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) including skull base fracture is one of the most common medical encounters and the leading cause of disability and death. The gold standard examination for skull base fracture is computerized tomography (CT scan). Since skull base has irregular anatomy and thin bony plates, CT 3 dimension (3D CT) is needed to detect this fracture rapidly and accurately compared to conventional CT scan.  This study aimed to evaluate the use of 3D CT in the diagnosis of skull base fractures. This was a literature review study using databases of ClinicalKey, Google Scholar, and PubMed. The keywords were three-dimensional computed tomography (CT 3D) and skull base fractures. The results obtained 15 articles related to this topic. The 3D CT could detect skull base fractures more rapidly and accurately than other examinations such as X-ray, 2D CT, solid (SVR) and transparent (TVR) volume-rendering technique, and maximum intensity projection (MIP). In conclusion, 3D CT plays an important role in the diagnosis of skull base fractures.Keywords: 3D CT; skull base fractures; traumatic brain injury Abstrak: Cedera kepala akibat trauma merupakan salah satu penyebab utama kecacatan dan kematian. Patah tulang dasar kepala sering terjadi pada cedera kepala akibat trauma. Pemeriksaan baku emas untuk patah tulang dasar kepala menggunakan modalitas Computerized Tomography (CT scan). Dasar kepala memiliki anatomi yang tidak beraturan dan ketebalan tulang yang tipis, sehingga penggunaan CT 3 dimensi (CT 3D) dibutuhkan untuk mendeteksi patah tulang secara cepat dan akurat dibandingkan CT scan konvensional. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengulas bahan pustaka dengan topik penggunaan CT 3D pada diagnosis patah tulang dasar kepala. Jenis penelitian ialah  suatu literature review. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan 15 jurnal yang berhubungan dengan topik ini. CT 3D dapat mendeteksi fraktur dasar kepala dengan lebih cepat dan akurat dibandingkan pemeriksaan lainnya, seperti X-ray, 2D CT, solid (SVR) and transparent (TVR) volume-rendering technique, dan maximum intensity projection (MIP). Simpulan penelitian ini ialah CT 3D berperan penting pada diagnosis patah tulang dasar kepala.Kata kunci: CT 3D; patah tulang dasar kepala; cedera kepala akibat trauma
Hubungan antara aktivitas olahraga dengan ritme sirkadian dan stres
Authors: Poluakan Ricko Johanes , Manampiring Aaltje E. , Fatimawali .
Published: March 2022

Abstract: The aims of this study to know the description and the relationship between sports activity, circadian rhythm, and stress. The method used is quantitative research. Sample were determine by the total sampling amounted to 60 in the interests of Occupational Health and Safety in the Faculty of Public Health Sam Ratulangi University class of 2017. Analysis of test data using spearman correlation coefficient. The results of the research is the activity of the sports category was 48.3%, low 20.7%, the category of circadian rhythm less 56.9%, and the category of bad 20.7%. Category of stress was 56.9%, lower 19.1%. Test spearman correlation coefficient found a significant relationship between sports activity with stress, is known to significant (2 tailed) i.e. 0.01 with the level of the strength of the relationship moderates as well as the direction of the relationship positive. Test spearman correlation coefficient between the circadian rhythm of stress found a significant relationship, it is known the value of significant (2 tailed) is 0.000 with the level of the strength of the relationship moderates as well as the direction of the relationship positive. Conclusion in this study is that there is a relationship between sports activity and circadian rhythm with the stress on the students evidenced significant.Keywords: sports activities, circadian rhythm, stress  Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran dan hubungan antara aktivitas olahraga, ritme sirkadian dan stres. Metode yang digunakan yaitu jenis penelitian kuantitatif. Sampel ditentukan secara total sampling berjumlah 60 pada peminatan Kesehatan dan Keselamatan Kerja (K3) di Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat (FKM) Universitas Sam Ratulangi Angkatan 2017. Analisis data menggunakan uji koefisien korelasi spearman. Hasil penelitian ialah aktivitas olahraga kategori sedang 48.3%, rendah 20.7%, kategori ritme sirkadian kurang 56.9%, dan kategori buruk 20.7%. Kategori stres sedang 56.9%, rendah 19.1%. Uji koefisien korelasi spearman ditemukan adanya hubungan signifikan antara aktivitas olahraga dengan stres, diketahui nilai signifikan (2 tailed) yaitu 0.01 dengan tingkat kekuatan hubungan moderat serta arah hubungan positif. Uji koefisien korelasi spearman antara ritme sirkadian dengan stres ditemukan adanya hubungan yang signifikan, diketahui nilai signifikan (2 tailed) yaitu 0.000 dengan tingkat kekuatan hubungan moderat serta arah hubungan positif. Simpulan dalam penelitian ini ialah terdapat hubungan antara aktivitas olahraga dan ritme sirkadian dengan stres pada mahasiswa dibuktikan signifikan.  Kata kunci: aktivitas olahraga, ritme sirkadian, stres
Hubungan faktor determinan dengan penggunaan kontrasepsi pada wanita usia ASFR (Age Spesific fertility Rate)
Authors: Nilawati . , Umboh Adrian , Tendean Lydia
Published: March 2022

Abstract: This study was aimed to Determinant Factors in the Use of Contraception in Women Age ASFR (Age Specific Fertility Rate) in the Province of North Sulawesi. The population is all women aged in ASFR in North Sulawesi. Sampling based on raw data SKAP adjusted to the inclusion and exclusion criteria.  Analysis with Chi Square test and Logistic regression. The results of the study found a relationship between education, family planning counseling service and family planning service, while the number of children, residential areas and the mass media were not. Based on multivariate results, family planning counseling service have a large role which is obtained OR value of 25.078 (95% CI = 3.089-203.625). Conclusion, education, family planning services counseling and family planning services have a significant relationship, while the number of children, residential areas and the mass media were not.Keywords: determinants factors, education, children, residential area, mass media, family planning, counseling, service, women age ASFR  Abstrak: Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui faktor determinan penggunaan kontrasepsi pada wanita usia ASFR (Age Specific Fertility Rate) di Provinsi Sulawei Utara. Jenis penelitian analitik dengan desain cross-sectional. Populasi semua wanita usia ASFR di Provinsi Sulawesi Utara. Pengambilan sampel berdasarkan raw data SKAP yang disesuaikan dengan kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Analisis dengan uji Chi Square dan regresi Logistic. Hasil penelitian terdapat hubungan antara pendidikan, konseling pelayanan KB dan tempat pelayanan KB sedang jumlah anak, wilayah tempat tinggal dan media massa tidak. Berdasarkan hasil multivariate konseling pelayanan KB mempunyai peran yang besar dimana di peroleh nilai OR 25,078 (CI 95% = 3,089-203,625). Kesimpulan pendidikan, konseling pelayanan KB dan tempat pelayanan KB mempunyai hubungan yang signifikan, sedangkan jumlah anak, wilayah tempat tinggal dan media tidak.Kata kunci: faktor determinan, pendidikan, jumlah anak, daerah pemukiman, media massa, konseling, pelayanan, keluarga berencana, wanita usia ASFR.
Bioaktivitas Larvasida Nyamuk Anopheles sp. Dari Ekstrak Bunga Tagetes erecta L. Yang Berasal Dari Kota Tomohon
Authors: Rombot Dina V. , Semuel Mokosuli Y.
Published: March 2022

Abstract: Until now, Anopheles sp is a vector of Plasmodium sp as a parasite that causes malaria. Global climate change makes the development of the Anopheles mosquito unpredictable. Therefore, the use of plants as biological larvicides is an alternative to control the Anopheles population. A study aimed at obtaining the phytochemical content of the crude extract of Tagetes erecta L. and the toxicity of the extract against larvae of Anopheles sp. Tagetes erecta flowers are obtained from the city of Tomohon, North Sulawesi which is known as the city of flowers. Mosquito larvae were obtained by rearing method in the biology laboratory of FMIPA, Manado State University. This study applies a laboratory experimental method. Lethal concentration 50 was determined by probit analysis using SPSS IBM 20. The study consisted of the extraction of Tegetes erecta flowers using the maceration method, analysis of phytochemical content and toxicity tests of extracts on larvae of Anopheles sp. The results showed that the dominant phytochemical groups were alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins and tannins. The best LC 50 was obtained in ethanol extract, namely 43.073 mg / L.Keywords : Toxicity, Larvae, Anopheles, Tagetes erecta L.  Abstrak: Anopheles sp sampai saat ini merupakan vektor Plasmodium sp sebagai parasite yang menyebabkan penyakit malaria. Perubahan iklim global menyebabkan perkembangan nyamuk Anopheles sulit diprediksi. Oleh karena itu pemanfaatan tumbuhan sebagai larvasida hayati menjadi alternative penanggulangan populasi Anopheles. Telah dilakukan penelitian yang bertujuan mendapatkan kandungan golongan fitokimia ekstrak kasar Tagetes erecta L dan toksisitas ekstrak terhadap larva Anopheles sp. Bunga Tagetes erecta di peroleh dari Kota Tomohon Sulawesi Utara yang dikenal sebagai kota bunga. Larva nyamuk diperoleh dengan metode rearing di laboratorium Biologi FMIPA Universitas Negeri Manado. Penelitian ini menerapkan metode eksperimen laboratorium. Lethal concentration 50 ditentukan dengan analisis probit menggunakan SPSS IBM 20. Penelitian terdiri atas tahap ekstraksi bunga Tegetes erecta dengan metode maserasi, analisis kandungan golongan fitokimia dan uji toksisitas ekstrak pada larva Anopheles sp. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa golongan fitokimia yang dominan adalah alkaloid, flavonoid, saponin dan tannin. LC 50 terbaik diperoleh pada ekstrak etanol yaitu 43,073 mg/L.Kata kunci : Toksisitas, Larva, Anopheles, Tagetes erecta L.
Hubungan Lama Demam dengan Hasil Pemeriksaan Antigen Nonstruktural 1 Dengue pada Pasien Demam Berdarah Dengue di RSUD Sultan Syarif Mohamad Alkadrie Tahun 2018
Authors: Sari Riski N. , Natalia Diana , Parinding Joni T.
Published: March 2022

Abstract: Mortality due to dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) in West Kalimantan is still quite high. One of the reasons of that is diagnostic delay. Nonstructural 1 antigen (NS1 Ag) test has been developed and can detect dengue virus infection since the onset of fever. This study was aimed to determine the relationship between duration of fever and NS1 Ag dengue in DHF patients at Sultan Syarif Mohamad Alkadrie Hospital in 2018. This was an observational and analytical study with a cross-sectional design. Samples were selected using a total sampling technique with a total sample of 34 patients. Data were obtained from medical records and were analyzed by using the independent T test with the Mann-Whitney test as an alternative test. Statistical analysis of the relationship between duration of fever and NS1 Ag obtained a p value of 0.000). In conclusion, there was a significant relationship between duration of fever and NS1 Ag in DHF patients at Sultan Syarif Mohamad Alkadrie Hospital in 2018.Keywords: dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF), duration of fever, NS1 Antigen Abstrak: Angka kematian akibat demam berdarah dengue (DBD) di Kalimantan Barat masih cukup tinggi; salah satu penyebabnya ialah keterlambatan diagnosis. Saat ini telah dikem-bangkan pemeriksaan antigen nonstruktural 1 (Ag NS1) yang dapat mendeteksi infeksi virus dengue sejak awal fase demam. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan lama demam dengan hasil pemeriksaan Ag NS1 dengue pada pasien DBD di RSUD Sultan Syarif Mohamad Alkadrie tahun 2018. Jenis penelitian ini ialah analitik observasional dengan desain potong-lintang. Sampel dipilih menggunakan teknik total sampling dan diperoleh jumlah sampel sebanyak 34 pasien. Pengumpulan data menggunakan rekam medis. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji T tidak berpasangan dengan uji alternatif Mann-Whitney. Hasil uji statistik terhadap hubungan antara lama demam dengan hasil pemeriksaan Ag NS1 mendapatkan nilai p=0,000. Simpulan penelitian ini ialah terdapat hubungan bermakna antara lama demam dengan Ag NS1 dengue pada pasien DBD di RSUD Sultan Syarif Mohamad Alkadrie tahun 2018.Kata kunci: demam berdarah dengue (DBD), lama demam, antigen NS1
Pengetahuan Dan Penggunaan Antibiotik Secara Swamedikasi Pada Masyarakat Kota
Authors: Pratiwi Ageng I. , Wiyono Weny I. , Jayanto Imam
Published: March 2022

Abstract: Antibiotics are chemicals produced by microorganisms that have ability to inhibit the growth or kill other microorganisms. Used of antibiotics in a self-medication is influenced by user knowledge. So that if the user knowledge is incorrect can cause errors in use. This research aims to determinate the level of knowledge and use of antibiotics on the community of Tomohon City. This research was an descriptive study tend to observational, with a cross-sectional approach to 262 respondents who met the inclusion criteria. The results to showed the level of knowledge of antibiotics by community in Tomohon City which are categorized as good (31%), moderate (21%) and less (48%); for the level of used antibiotics by community in Tomohon City which are categorized as good (39%), moderate (44%) and less (17%) and there is a direct correlation between knowledge and the used of antibiotics with significant value of 0.000 and correlation coefficient value of 0.524 which means if the proper knowledge then was done in proper use.Keywords: Antibiotics, self-medication, knowledge, use  Abstrak: Antibiotik merupakan zat kimiawi yang dihasilkan oleh mikroorganisme yang mempunyai kemampuan untuk menghambat pertumbuhan atau membunuh mikroorganisme lainnya. Penggunaan antibiotik secara swamedikasi dipengaruhi oleh pengetahuan pengguna, sehingga apabila pengetahuan pengguna tidak tepat dapat menyebabkan kesalahan dalam penggunaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat pengetahuan antibiotik dan penggunaan antibiotik pada masyarakat di kota Tomohon. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif yang bersifat observasional dengan pendekatan cross-sectional terhadap 262 responden yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Hasil penelitian yang diperoleh yaitu tingkat pengetahuan antibiotik pada masyarakat di Kota Tomohon yang termasuk kategori baik (31%), cukup (21%) dan kurang (48%); untuk tingkat penggunaan antibiotik pada masyarakat di Kota Tomohon yang termasuk kategori baik (39%), cukup (44%) dan kurang (17%) serta terdapat hubungan yang searah antara pengetahuan dan penggunaan antibiotik dengan nilai signifikansi sebesar 0,000 dan nilai koefisien korelasi sebesar 0,524 yang berarti apabila pengetahuan yang dimiliki tepat maka penggunaan pun dilakukan secara tepat.Kata kunci: Antibiotik, swamedikasi, pengetahuan, penggunaan.
Dampak Pembelajaran Jarak Jauh Terhadap Kecemasan Orang Tua Murid di Masa Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Tirajoh Carissa V , Munayang Herdy , Kairupan Bernabas H. R.
Published: March 2022

Abstract: The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in all schools implementing distance learning. Distance learning suddenly makes parents and even children not prepare well as a result of problems such as the division of time between work and child supervision while learning takes place, the lack of availability of electronic devices and even family conflicts. This can trigger concern, especially in parents. This concern has an impact on mood swings and thoughts so that parents can issue verbal abuse to their children during lockdown. This study aims to determine the level of anxiety of parents regarding distance learning during the COVID-19 pandemic. This research was made in the form of a literature study which aims to summarize and present more comprehensive facts from various existing literature, in the form of journals and articles on the internet on Google Scholar, PubMed, ClinicalKey. Literature to be used in English and Indonesian, within the last 1 year (2020) and can be accessed in full. Based on the literature reviewed, it was found that distance learning disrupts the lives of parents and creates anxiety. Parents of elementary, middle and high school students felt greater anxiety than those who were already students. The SAS results also showed that 10.8% of parents of primary school children experienced increased anxiety. Keywords: anxiety, parents, online learning, pandemic.  Abstrak: Pandemi COVID-19 ini mengakibatkan seluruh sekolah menerapkan pembelajaran jarak jauh. Pembelajaran jarak jauh yang secara tiba-tiba membuat orang tua bahkan anak-anak tidak mempersiapkan diri dengan baik akibatnya muncul masalah-masalah seperti pembagian waktu antara pekerjaan dan pengawasan anak saat pembelajaran berlangsung, kurangnya ketersediaan perangkat elektronik bahkan konflik keluarga. Hal tersebut bisa memicu kekhawatiran terutama pada orang tua. Kekhawatiran ini berdampak pada perubahan suasana hati dan pikiran sehingga orang tua bisa mengeluarkan kekerasan verbal pada anak-anaknya selama lockdown. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat kecemasan orang tua murid terhadap pembelajaran jarak jauh di masa pandemi COVID-19. Penelitian ini dibuat dalam bentuk studi kepustakaan yang bertujuan untuk merangkum dan menyajikan fakta yang lebih komperhensif dari berbagai literatur yang telah ada sebelumnya, dapat berupa jurnal dan artikel di internet pada Google Scholar, PubMed, ClinicalKey. Literature yang akan digunakan dalam Bahasa Inggris dan Bahasa Indonesia, dalam jangka waktu 1 tahun terakhir (2020) dan dapat diakses secara penuh. Berdasarkan literature-literature yang direview didapatkan pembelajaran jarak jauh mengganggu kehidupan orang tua dan menimbulkan rasa cemas. Rasa cemas yang dirasakan lebih besar pada orang tua siswa SD, SMP, SMA dibandingkan yang sudah mahasiswa. Hasil SAS juga didapatkan 10,8% orang tua anak sekolah dasar mengalami peningkatan kecemasan.Kata Kunci: kecemasan, orang tua, pembelajaran daring, pandemi
Happy Hypoxia Pada Coronavirus Disease
Authors: Shianata Chrisshania M. , Engka Joice N. A. , Pangemanan Damajanty H. C.
Published: March 2022

Abstract: COVID-19 is a multifaceted disease with respiratory failure as a common manifestation. SARS-CoV-2 primarily attacks respiratory epithelial cells via adhesion to Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 (ACE-2), patients may develop a mild to severe inflammatory response and acute lung injury. Several reports suggest that many patients appear to show less respiratory effort and experience less dyspnea when exposed to acute respiratory failure and hypoxemia, a phenomenon called “happy hypoxia” or “silent hypoxemia”. This causes COVID-19 patients to be unaware of the hypoxemia in their bodies and fail to seek help which leads to death. The purpose of this study is to discover the process of Happy Hypoxia in COVID-19 patients. The materials and methods used are literature reviews with data from PubMed, ClinicalKey, and Google Scholar. The keywords were Happy Hypoxia OR Silent Hypoxemia AND COVID-19 OR Coronavirus Disease. This literature study addresses potential pathways that may be associated with this interesting clinical feature. The hypothesis is that SARS-CoV-2 can cause nerve damage to the cortico-limbic tissue and alter dyspnoea perception and respiratory control. Future research will bring opportunities and advances in the study of the mechanism of hypoxia induced by COVID-19Key Words: Happy Hypoxia, Silent Hypoxemia, COVID-19, Coronavirus Disease.  Abstrak: COVID-19 merupakan penyakit multifaset dengan kegagalan pernafasan sebagai manisfestasi yang umum. SARS-CoV-2 terutama menyerang sel epitel pernafasan melalui adhesi ke Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 (ACE-2), pasien mengembangkan respon inflamasi ringan hingga parah dan cedera paru akut. Beberapa laporan menunjukkan banyak pasien menunjukkan upaya pernapasan dan dispnea yang lebih sedikit saat terkena gagal pernapasan akut dan hipoksemia, sebuah fenomena yang disebut “happy hypoxia” atau “silent hypoxemia ". Hal ini menyebabkan pasien COVID-19 tidak sadar akan hipoksemia yang terjadi pada tubuh mereka sehingga mereka tidak mencari pertolongan dan dapat berakhir dengan kematian. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui proses terjadinya Happy Hypoxia pada penderita COVID-19. Materi dan metode yang digunakan berbentuk literature review dengan pencarian data menggunakan database PubMed, ClinicalKey, dan Google Scholar. Kata kunci yang digunakan yaitu Happy Hypoxia OR Silent Hypoxemia AND COVID-19 OR Coronavirus Disease. Studi literatur ini membahas jalur potensial yang mungkin terkait dengan fitur klinis yang menarik ini. Hipotesis yang berkembang adalah bahwa SARS-CoV-2 dapat menyebabkan kerusakan saraf pada jaringan kortiko-limbik dan kemudian mengubah persepsi dispnea dan kontrol pernapasan. Penelitian lanjut di masa depan akan membuka peluang dan kemajuan dalam studi mengenai mekanisme sentral hipoksia yang diinduksi COVID-19.Kata kunci: Happy Hypoxia, Silent Hypoxemia, COVID-19, Coronavirus Disease.
Deteksi Antibodi Imunoglobulin M dan Imunoglobulin G Anti Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)
Authors: Abdul-Hamid Nur A , Wahongan Greta J. P. , Tuda Josef S. B.
Published: March 2022

Abstract: COVID-19 is a disease caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection. Due to the increasing spread of COVID-19 infection in various countries, WHO declared the infection of COVID-19 as a pandemic situation. IgM and IgG antibodies test with the principle of immunochromatography is considered easier to perform than other test. The aims to detect anti SARS-CoV-2 IgM and IgG antibodies in North Sulawesi employees. This study is a descriptive study with cross sectional design. Antibody detection was carried out by dropping the serum of Balai Wilayah Sungai Sulawesi I's employees on the Clungene® COVID-19 IgG/IgM Rapid Test Cassette rapid diagnostic test based on antibody detected tool and interpreted based on the obtained result. As a result, tests which has been conducted on serum of 177 employees showed thirteen employees gave reactive results, where eight employees gave reactive IgM and IgG results, and five employees gave reactive IgG results. In conclusion, Immunoglobulin M and Immunoglobulin G were detected on some of Balai Wilayah Sungai Sulawesi I's employees.Keywords: COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, IgM, IgG, immunochromatography  Abstrak: COVID-19 merupakan penyakit yang disebabkan oleh infeksi SARS-CoV-2. Oleh karena peningkatan penyebaran COVID-19 di berbagai negara, WHO mendeklarasikan infeksi COVID-19 sebagai situasi pandemi. Pemeriksaan antibodi IgM dan IgG dengan prinsip imunokromatografi dinilai lebih mudah dilakukan dibandingkan pemeriksaan lainnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeteksi antibodi IgM dan IgG anti SARS-CoV-2 pada karyawan kantoran Sulawesi Utara. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian deskriptif dengan desain penelitian cross-sectional. Deteksi antibodi dilakukan dengan meneteskan serum karyawan Balai Wilayah Sungai Sulawesi I pada kit rapid diagnostic test berbasis deteksi antibodi Clungene® COVID-19 IgG/IgM Rapid Test Cassette dan diinterpretasikan sesuai hasil yang didapat. Hasil yang diperoleh dari pemeriksaan yang dilakukan pada 177 serum karyawan menunjukan tiga belas karyawan memberikan hasil pemeriksaan reaktif, dimana delapan karyawan dengan hasil IgM dan IgG reaktif, serta lima karyawan dengan hasil IgG reaktif. Sebagai simpulan, antibodi Imunoglobulin M dan Imunoglobulin G anti SARS-CoV-2 terdeteksi pada karyawan Balai Wilayah Sungai Sulawesi I.Kata Kunci: COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, IgM, IgG, imunokromatografi