bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Differential expression of GATM in cancer of the head and neck: oral squamous cell carcinoma.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: April 2023

Head and neck cancers are an emerging public health problem and most are now thought to be caused by high-risk human papillomavirus infection (1-3). We mined published and public microarray datasets (4, 5) to determine in an unbiased fashion and at the level of the transcriptome genes most differentially expressed in the primary tumors of patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). We found significant differential expression of the gene encoding glycine amidinotransferase, GATM, when comparing OSCC tumor tissue to the tissue of origin. GATM mRNA was present at significantly lower quantities in tumors of the head and neck as compared to normal tissues from the head and neck. Analysis of human survival data revealed that expression of GATM in head and neck tumors was correlated with overall survival in patients with head and neck cancer. GATM expression changes may be important for the initiation or progression of human OSCC.
Perceptions of income shape interpersonal trust in a set of diverse countries
Authors: Boon-Falleur Melusine , Nettle Daniel , André Jean-Baptiste , Baumard Nicolas
Published: April 2023

People make many inferences based on cues of wealth. These inferences regarding the character and behavior of others have real-life consequences, for example, social distancing from individuals at the lower end of the socio-economic spectrum. In this cross-cultural study, we investigate the association between perceived wealth and perceived trustworthiness. In studies 1 and 2, we first investigated people’s ability to detect wealth from pictures of households in a diverse sample of participants (France, United Kingdom, India, and the Democratic Republic of Congo, N = 572). We found that people are very good at detecting wealth, both in pictures of households taken in their own country and pictures from foreign households. This suggests that there are universal characteristics that allow individuals to accurately estimate the wealth of households across cultures. In study 3, we measured people’s stereotypes about trustworthiness based on implicit information about wealth in a culturally diverse sample of participants (United Kingdom and Democratic Republic of Congo, N = 348). Perceived trustworthiness consisted of three measures: cooperative character (e.g. reliable), cooperative behavior (e.g. cheating their partner if they had a chance), and self-control (e.g. ability to resist temptations). We found that participants perceived inhabitants of wealthier households to be more trustworthy than inhabitants of poorer households, regardless of the country of origin of the participant. Our results imply that wealthier societies are likely to have higher levels of interpersonal trust.
Differential expression of PACRG in cancer of the head and neck: oral squamous cell carcinoma.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: April 2023

Head and neck cancers are an emerging public health problem and most are now thought to be caused by high-risk human papillomavirus infection (1-3). We mined published and public microarray datasets (4, 5) to determine in an unbiased fashion and at the level of the transcriptome genes most differentially expressed in the primary tumors of patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). We found significant differential expression of the gene encoding PARK2 coregulated, PACRG, when comparing OSCC tumor tissue to the tissue of origin. PACRG mRNA was present at significantly lower quantities in tumors of the head and neck as compared to normal tissues from the head and neck. PACRG expression changes may be important for the initiation or progression of human OSCC.
Confidence in Research Findings Depends on Theory
Authors: Gal David , Sternthal Brian , Calder Bobby J.
Published: April 2023

Almaatouq et al. view the purpose of research is to map variable-to-variable relationships (e.g., the effect of X on Y). They also view theory as this mapping of variable-to-variable relationships rather than an explanation of why the relationships occur. However, it is theory as explanation that allows us to reconcile disparate findings and that should guide application.
Neural Correlates of the Advantage of Analytic Eye Movement Patterns in Face Recognition: An ERP Study
Authors: Chan Cynthia Y. H. , Chan Antoni , Ouyang Guang , Tang Akaysha C. , Hsiao Janet H.
Published: April 2023

Recent research using Eye Movement analysis with Hidden Markov Models (EMHMM) has reported that in face recognition, participants who look more at the eyes in addition to the face center (the analytic pattern) have better recognition performance than those looking mainly at the face center (the holistic pattern). Here we examined the mechanisms underlying the advantage of the analytic pattern through an Event-Related Potential (ERP) examination with simultaneous recording of EEG and eye movement. Using EMHMM, we identified nose-focused and eyes-focused eye movement patterns from participants. As compared with participants using nose-focused patterns, those with eyes-focused patterns showed increased N170 amplitude, reduced P2 amplitude, increased N250 amplitude, and prolonged P300 latency, suggesting that they may have engaged more in local face processing, perceived faces as less typical, developed richer perceptual memory representations, and engaged more in stimulus evaluation processes. Importantly, optimal face recognition performance was associated with a mixture of nose- and eyes-focused eye movement patterns and an intermediate level of P300 latency. Also, among all behavioral and ERP measures, eye movement pattern uniquely predicted participants’ recognition performance. Further regression analysis showed that eye movement pattern could be predicted by a combination of Tower of London task performance and ERP P2 amplitude. These results suggest that the optimal face recognition performance involves a balance between global and local face processing, and eye movement pattern is a multifaceted measure that reflects individual differences in both executive function and quality of perceptual representation, making it a unique predictor for recognition performance.
The Notion of Qualitative Partnership(s): Towards an Understanding of Deep Ecology
Authors: Chatterjee Tanuka
Published: April 2023

The contemporary geo – political climate of the world – order has embroiled the entirety of the human civilization in an ontological crisis. The technological progress of the human race lauds the entitled and privileged neo – liberal worldviews of the intelligentsia, by pretentiously dismissing all forms of environmental responsibility as ancillary concerns. Narratives underscoring the need to strengthen a concerted effort for mobilizing ideals of environmental protection into substantive action are deplorably inadequate. The ongoing climate crises of the world has endangered the totality of the human, sub – human, non – human, natural and animal communities of the planet Earth. The mammoth challenges of mitigating accelerated biodiversity extinctions and jeopardized environmental futurities can be addressed by advancing narratives of intrinsic interrelationalities between all communities of the planet. It is at this juncture that the theoretical deliberations comprising the concept of Deep Ecology may prove to be crucial in the construction of an environmentally sentient posterity. The conceptualization of this philosophical approach to environmental conservation may advance the sole manner of expiation for these ecologically precarious times.
Сборник тестовых заданий по курсу «Международные отношения» : учебно-методическое пособие / А.О. Наумов, М.В. Белоусова. – М. : «КДУ», «Добросвет», 2023. – 132 с.
Authors: Наумов А.О. , Белоусова М.В.
Published: April 2023

В учебно-методическое пособие вошли тестовые задания по курсу «Международные отношения», преподаваемом на факультете государственного управления МГУ имени М.В. Ломоносова. Сборник включает в себя пять вариантов заданий, каждый из которых состоит из восьмидесяти вопросов по различным разделам курса. Тесты рассчитаны на проверку знаний в области международных отношений после Второй мировой войны, включая такие вопросы, как развитие и постепенная деградация Ялтинско-Потсдамского порядка, последствия распада СССР, особенности функционирования системы международных отношений на рубеже XX–XXI веков, проблемы становления нового многополярного мира. Издание адресовано студентам, магистрантам, аспирантам, преподавателям гуманитарных факультетов высших учебных заведений.
Nilai Budaya Lamaholot dalam Penentuan Harga Jual Kain Tenun Ikat: Studi pada Kelompok Perempuan Penenun “Tene Tuen” di Nusa Tenggara Timur
Authors: Nurdin Yasmi , Savira Gita Elsa , Shahib Habib Muhammad , Palippui Irfan , Hasanuddin Muhammad Ridwan
Published: April 2023

This study aims to reveal the practice of determining the selling price of woven cloth in a women's weaver group called "Tene Tuen". This research was conducted from July to August 2021 through interviews with leaders of the women weaver group. This study used the qualitative method with a descriptive approach as a research method and collected data by using interviews, direct observation, and documentation. This study found that the concept of formulating the selling price set by the (sellers) informants was not only formed by material values but also contained cultural and justice values with a holistic philosophy. In the end, the selling price determined by the tene tuen group seeks to create prosperity and justice for all parties.
Pengaruh Transaksi Pihak-pihak Istimewa terhadap Manajemen Laba: Kepemilikan Institusional sebagai Variabel Moderasi
Authors: Jao Robert , Tangke Paulus , Holly Anthony , Thungadi Jackson , Agustuty Lasty
Published: April 2023

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of related party transactions on earnings management. This study also investigates the role of institutional ownership as a moderator on the effect of related party transactions on earnings management. This study uses agency theory to explain the relationship between variables. The research population consists of all manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The sample selection used a purposive method which produced 225 observational data. The analytical method used is moderation regression analysis. The results of this study indicate that partially related party transactions have a positive and significant effect on earnings management. Institutional ownership is able to significantly weaken the relationship between related party transactions on earnings management and act as a quasi moderator.
Studi Deskriptif Tingkat Literasi Pasar Modal
Authors: Suryaputra Filipus Argentano Guntur
Published: April 2023

The Capital Market is an object that must be known by students of economics, especially in the area of specialization in the concentration of financial accounting. Knowledge of the capital market will be beneficial for students so that they are able to engage and apply it in securities trading activities. This study aims to describe and identify the extent to which the level of knowledge of students, especially in the field of accounting in financial concentration, in observing phenomena that occur in the Indonesian capital market. There is a research location in Kupang City, Nusa Cendana University Accounting Study Program (UNDANA). The research implementation lasted 6 months. The overall level of Capital Market literacy is still low related to capital market knowledge in accounting students with a concentration in finance. It is necessary to cultivate an intention to study the capital market and the importance of the level of capital market literacy in students.
Комплексне лікування порушень менструального циклу у жінок репродуктивного віку, хворих на туберкульоз
Authors: Romaniuk O. V. , Polyova S. P. , Avramyshyn D. A.
Published: April 2023

Наведено дані комплексного лікування жінок репродуктивного віку, хворих на туберкульоз легень. Виявлено, що при застосуванні хіміотерапевтичних засобів у пацієнток спостерігається відносна та абсолютна естрогенія, схильність до андрогенізації, що призводить до порушень менструального циклу. Доведено, що лікування порушень менструального циклу потребує комплексної терапії і гормональної корекції. Показана ефективність застосування комплексної протитуберкульозної терапії і комбінованих оральних протизаплідних засобів у відновленні менструальної функції даної категорії пацієнток.
Сучасна стратегія профілактики гнійно-септичних ускладнень в акушерстві та перинатології
Authors: Malanchuk O. B. , Naritnik T. T. , Lakatosh V. P. , Aksonova A. V. , Sazonenko L. V.
Published: April 2023

У практичному акушерстві значне місце у розвитку інфекційно-запальних захворювань посідають умовно-патогенні мікроорганізми, зокрема стрептококи групи В, питома вага яких становить, за даними ряду авторів, від 15 до 40 %. При обстеженні вагітних на наявність стрептококів групи В (СГВ) у двох групах виявлено високе висівання СГВ саме у групі ризику, що підтверджує правильність формування груп ризику. Проведення антибактеріальної терапії вагітних групи ризику дозволило значно знизити відсоток випадків післяпологових гнійно-септичних ускладнень та інфекцій, специфічних для перинатального періоду. Призначення антибактеріальних засобів дітям, народженим від жінок групи ризику, раннє виявлення ознак інфікування та своєчасне їх лікування значно знизило відсоток випадків інфекцій, специфічних для перинатального періоду. Вищевказане дозволяє рекомендувати створити Національний протокол щодо профілактики раннього неонатального сепсису, викликаного СГВ.
Передімплантаційний генетичний скринінг ембріонів за допомогою порівняльної гібридизації геномів у жінок з багаторазовою невдачею імплантації в програмах допоміжних репродуктивних технологій
Authors: Masliy Yu. V. , Sudoma I. O. , Mazur P. S. , Mykytenko D. O. , Osadchuk S. V.
Published: April 2023

Результативність циклів допоміжних репродуктивних технологій у пацієнтів з множинною невдалою імплантацією покращується у випадку використання методу порівняльної гібридизації геномів для доімплантаційного дослідження ембріонів. Ця методика дозволяє підвищити частоту настання вагітності, імплантації та народження живих дітей.
Вивчення ефективності та безпеки екстракту кореня імбиру в лікуванні хворих з гонартрозом
Authors: Shuba N. M. , Voronova T. D. , Khambir T. S.
Published: April 2023

Остеоартроз – найбільш поширене ревматичне захворюванням суглобів – є актуальною медико-соціальною проблемою. Вивчали вплив терапії фітопрепарату стандартизованого екстракту кореня імбиру Верта® при лікуванні хворих з гонартрозом. За шкалоюВАШ, альгофункціональними індексами WOMAC і Лекена оцінювали динаміку клінічних проявів суглобового синдрому на фоні лікування фітопрепаратом. Проаналізовано вплив прийому фітопрепарату екстракту кореня імбиру на показники інтенсивності запалення – рівні цитокінів (IL-1β, IGF-1, NO), С-реактивного білка, швидкість осідання еритроцитів та показники обміну речовин (ліпідний, вуглеводний, печінкові маркери, рівень сечової кислоти). В результаті дослідження доведено ефективність та безпечність застосування фітопрепарату стандартизованого екстракту кореня імбиру при лікуванні гонартрозу.
Ін’єкційне лікування підошовного фасциїту під контролем ультразвукової навігації
Authors: Turchin O. A. , Osadchaya L. Ye. , Lyiabakh A. P.
Published: April 2023

Проаналізовано результати лікування підошовного фасциїту у 53 пацієнтів, основною скаргою яких був підошовний біль, що мав тенденцію до прогресування. В основі захворювання лежать хронічна мікротравматизація та дегенеративні зміни підошовного апоневрозу. Для встановлення діагнозу застосовували клініко-рентгенологічний, ультразвуковий методи дослідження. Відсутня єдина система рекомендацій з лікування підошовного фасциїту. Застосування ін’єкцій глюкокортикостероїдів підвищує ризик розриву підошовного апоневрозу. У всіх випадках застосовано локальну блокаду найболючішої ділянки підошовного апоневрозу 1 мл 1 % розчину лідокаїну під контролем ультразвукової навігації. Ін’єкцію виконували з підошовного доступу, при якому, крім введення анестетика, настає ефект пункційної теноапоневротомії. Рівень болю та його динаміку оцінювали за візуально-аналоговою шкалою. Середній рівень болю до блокади становив (7,9 ± 1,8) см, відразу після блокади – (1,3 ± 0,8) см. Достовірне зниження суб’єктивної оцінки больового синдрому до (2,4 ± 0,7) см (P < 0,05) через 1 міс вказує на достатньо стабільний знеболювальний ефект впродовж місяця від моменту ін’єкції.
Search for candidate genes associated with live weight in north Caucasian meat and wool sheep
Authors: Zuev R. V. , Krivoruchko A. Yu. , Kukharuk M. Yu. , Nikitina A. V.
Published: April 2023

Genome-wide association study is currently one of the most effective methods for identifying polymorphisms and loci associated with economically significant traits of productive animals. The article presents data obtained during a genome-wide association study for the “live weight” indicator in the Severocavcazskaya sheep breed. Animal genotyping was carried out using Ovine Infinium HD BeadChip 600K DNA biochips. Genotyping quality control, as well as genome-wide association analysis, was performed using PLINK V.1.07 software. Visualization and plotting were carried out using the QQman package in the R programming language. As a result of the work done, six single nucleotide polymorphisms were identified that overcame the significance threshold – log10(p) = 5. The rs419523766, rs418460707, rs420899508, rs425865365, and rs422334764 polymorphisms are located in the intergenic regions, and rs398681425, in the downstream part of the protein-coding gene. Based on the studies carried out, we can propose four new candidate genes associated with sheep live weight: C1H1orf94, KCNA4, S100-A7 and ZNF706. The function of the C1H1orf94 gene has yet to be clarified, while the rest of the genes perform essential functions, including in the regulation of metabolic processes. Further studies should be aimed at confirming the influence of the proposed candidate genes on the phenotype of animals and at proving th\e relationship of the detected polymorphisms with confirmation indicators of sheep.
Rational use of forest land honey reserve for honey collection of the Toratau geopark of the Republic of Bashkortostan
Authors: Samsonova I. D. , Sattarov V. N. , Plakhova A. A.
Published: April 2023

Besides obtaining valuable beekeeping products, bee families have a positive effect when pollinating forest plants, ensuring both high productivity of resources and promoting the conservation and favourable development of natural populations of forest species. The object of the study, the lands of the forest fund of the Toratau geopark of the Republic of Bashkortostan, serve as an optimization of the number, expansion of the range and maintaining the genetic purity of the population of the indigenous Burzyan side bee (Apis mellifera L). There needs to be more information on the inventory of honey resources on the territory of the Geopark. Therefore, the goal was to determine the honey stock of forest land for productive medical collection and rational use of resources. As a result of research, land with an area of 479,640 hectares was covered with forest, which includes significant territories of linden stands (213335 hectares - 44.5%) and broad-leaved forest that does not have nectarines of linden and maple (194924 ha - 40.6%). Lipnyak is characterized by a biological resource potential of 96117283.3 kg and a broad-leaved forest, respectively, 904447.36 kg. The total estimated honey reserve of the territory of the Republic of Belarus mountain-forest zone consists of 104 595 108 kg, which will allow for keeping up to 560,704 bee families. Small-leaved linden accounts for 89.3%, located extremely unevenly in the studied territory. In the years favourable for the production of linden, the organization of nomadic beekeeping is necessary. The share of nectar reserves of maple, willow and grassy communities relative to but is small and amounts to 9.6%. However, given the instability of colour and nectar release of linden, the presence of alternative sources of nectar allows the preservation of the number of stationary bee families in the “lean years.”
Hereditary definiteness of aspartate aminotransferase level in Holstein cattle
Authors: Sebezhko O. I. , Konovalova T. V. , Korotkevich O. S. , Petukhov V. L. , Коchnev N. N. , Sebezhko A. N. , Zheltikov А. I. , Zaiko О. А.
Published: April 2023

Farm animals’ growth, development and realization of productive qualities are closely interrelated by enzymatic transformations of amino acids, proteins and other complex nitrogenous compounds. Aspartate aminotransferase (AsT) is involved in the metabolism of amino acids in the cycles of urea, tricarboxylic acids and gluconeogenesis. The level of AsT in the blood depends on many paratypical and genetic factors. The paper presents the results of a biochemical analysis of the AsT content in the blood serum of Holstein bulls aged 12-13 months, who are descendants of 4 breeding bulls. Blood sampling was carried out in animals with a live weight of 330-365 kg, bred in the conditions of a large livestock enterprise located in Western Siberia. The level of AsT in the blood serum of animals was determined by the Reitman-Frenkel colourimetric method using reagents “Transaminase AsT Novo” (manufacturer “Vector-Best” Russia). It was found that the average value of the AsT content in the groups of sons was lower than the generally accepted physiological norm and, for all descendants, was 22.44 ± 1.29 E/l. The reference interval for AsT based on the central 95% percentile with 90% confidence intervals was 12.29 (8.67...15.91) - 34.84(31.2... 38.5) E/l. The descendants of different fathers had different phenotypic variability of the indicator and differed in the level of AST. Thus, the descendants of the bull-producer Brio were characterized by a higher level compared to the sons of the bulls Malstrem and Fabio by 1.69 and 1.8 times, respectively. The revealed differences indicate the hereditary determination of the AsT level in Holstein cattle. The strength of the influence of the father’s factor was 0.18.
Rhizoctonia potato disease in production conditions in the forest-steppe of Western Siberia
Authors: Pilipova U. V. , Shaldyaeva E. M.
Published: April 2023

The authors carried out a scientific study from 1990 to 2022 on 20 varieties of potatoes to study the pathogenesis of Rhizoctonia in crop production conditions and substantiate the methods of the system of protection against the disease. The fungus R. Solani persists annually in the soil and on seed tubers in the form of mycelium and sclerotia. It was found that more than 60% of the grounds of potato agroecosystems have the content of the causative agent of Rhizoctonia is many times higher than the established ETH (Economic threshold of harmfulness). Furthermore, monitoring of the phytosanitary state of potato seed material showed that, on average, about 60% of the tubers are inhabited by the causative agent of Rhizoctonia, including about 30% of the sclerotial form, which is six times higher than the phytosanitary regulations. Thus, in the region’s conditions, a double mechanism of phytopathogen transmission is provided annually. The causative agent of Rhizoctonia infects potato sprouts, subsequently causing their complete death (on average 12%) and shootouts, reducing the density of productive plants in crop plantings. At subsequent stages of growth and development of potatoes, significant expansion of the disease on the stems was noted (on average 31.4%), and stolons were damaged and died (9.3 and 5.5%, respectively), which disrupted the processes of stolon and tuberization. In the region’s conditions, Rhizoctonia occurs in the form of epiphytotic with a prevalence of 88% or more. Therefore, the potato protection strategy against Rhizoctonia should be based on methods that reduce the initial population density of the R. Solani fungus in the soils of agroecosystems and on seed tubers. Essential elements of potato cultivation technology are cropping rotation with a saturation of no more than 30% (biological efficiency - 43.2–79.5%); phytosanitary precursor, including green manure pairs (biological efficiency - 49.0–75.9%); mandatory etching with chemical preparations (biological efficiency - 54.9–98.8%) or natural origin. Using entomopathogenic fungi Metarhizium robertsii and Baeuveria bassiana can be a promising direction in reducing Rhizoctonia. Dressing seed tubers with conidia of entomopathogenic fungi suppressed the development of the disease in potato plantings by 1.8–3.7%, providing an increase in yield by 12.1–19.2%. The study of the influence of Metarhizium robertsii and Baeuveria bassiana on the pathogenesis of Rhizoctonia will be continued.
A Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Structured Teaching Program on Knowledge and Practice Regarding Nebulization in Children (0–5 year) among Student Nurses
Authors: Mangaiyarkarasi  , Pandey Eshpa , Keretta Urmila
Published: April 2023

Aims: The aim of the study was to access the knowledge and practice of student nurses toward nebulization therapy. Introduction: Nebulization is an important tool in the treatment of respiratory conditions. Nurses are primary health-care providers for using the nebulizers in a hospital setting. The examination of nurse’s knowledge and performance regarding the nebulizer therapy is of almost importance for proper nebulization. Methodology: The pre-experimental research design was conducted in this study. The total sample was 60 in this study. Purposive sample technique was used. The target population is student nurses. The area of setting is Government Medical College Hospital of Ambikapur (c.g.). Result: The data show that analysis of the knowledge score pre-test mean score was 9.75, mean percentage score was 1.66% and SD was 2.71, analysis of post-test knowledge mean score was 14.51, mean percentage 2% and SD was 1.76, and standard error was 0.412, paired “t” value was 6.85 that was found to significant at 0.05 level. Practice score and pre-test mean score was 13.08, mean percentage score was 54.5%, and SD was 2.37, analysis of post-test knowledge mean score was 17.08, mean percentage 71.16 and SD was1.42, and standard error was 0.35, paired “t” value was 11.42 that was found to significant at 0.05 level. Conclusion: After the detailed analysis, this study leads to following conclusion that is more effective in improving knowledge and practice on regarding nebulization therapy
CEREMONIAL SINGING: KIDUNG AS RELIGIOUS PRAXIS IN CONTEMPORARY BALI
Authors:   Indonesian Art Institute (ISI), Desak Suarti Laksmi
Published: April 2023

Kidung is Balinese ritual hymn or canticle, typically recited in a homophonic choir by a grop of local singers based on a pre-existing text to accompany religious celebrations. Selected lyric of kidung verse is deliberately recited for a number of ritual reasons. The role of kidung is to complete the ritual and religious celebration as the fifth Gita. The four related ritual gitas or sacred sounds include the sound of symbolic narrative forms (Swara Yantra Abinaya) of wayang puppetry, infused with edification and devine philosophy; the sound of Gamelan music accompanying temple dances (may it be a female Rejang dance, Makerab dance, Sutri, Pendet dance, or male Baris warrior dance, Sandaran dance, etc.); the sound of Kulkul wooden bell, and the sound of Veda / mantra incantation recited by the temple priest, who invariably leads the ritual ceremony. Kidung hymn and gamelan music together create Vadyagita. The dance and the mantra incantation together create Nertya Puja, which creates devine matrix of the on-going ritual ceremony. Almost no Hindu-Balinese religious ceremony (yadnya) is complete without kidung singing with lyrics drawn from Middle Javanese literature. Kidung is used for the panca yadnya (five ceremonies) namely: dewa yadnya (for god), bhuta yadnya (lower spirit), rsi yadnya (for priest), pitra yadnya (for ancestor), and manusa yadnya (for human), with the appropriate kidung text selection. This singing supports the solemnity of spiritual practice of singers and listeners, perfecting the ceremony as an offering of expressive communication.
PRESERVATION OF SCIENTIFIC, HISTORICAL AND CULTURAL HERITAGE OF N. N. MIKLOUHO-MACLAY IN THE CONTEXT PF DEVELOPMENT OF CULTURAL TIES BETWEEN RUSSIA AND PAPUA NEW GUINEA
Authors:   Institute of oriental studies, Russian academy of sciences (MOSCOW), Miklouho-Maclay Nicolay N.
Published: April 2023

The idea of modern state cultural policy of the Russian Federation lies in creation and development of a system of education for citizens on the basis of traditional for Russia moral values and patriotism. This is achievable through learning the historical and cultural heritage of Russia, world culture, development of creative abilities of the individual, aesthetic perception of the world, accession to different types of cultural activity. As an example of preservation of scientific, historical, cultural and ideological heritage the MiklouhoMaclay Online Museum is discussed, which has opened online in October 2021. It represents the activities of the famous scientist and traveler of the late nineteenth century, which made a great impression on his contemporaries. For example, L. N. Tolstoy praised the researcher’s writings, for in them he saw a confirmation of his thoughts that true civilization can be brought to peoples not by violence, but by education and care for them. The Online Museum contains those results of exploration and scientific study of the South Pacific that help to maintain international contacts and promote intercultural dialogue. Particular attention is given to the description of the collection, which was created with the help of the indigenous people of the North-East of the New Guinea Island (Maclay Coast), where the exhibits were collected. The exhibits in the Online Museum are also interesting because they are showcased in comparison with their counterparts from N. N. Miklouho-Maclay collections of the nineteenth century. Links to the descriptions are available on the resources of those museums where they are stored. Museums today are considered as one of the most important means of education, they specifically perform the functions of additional education—a symbolic act of meeting the past and the present. In the educational process, clearly structured museum materials can be useful for various age categories of students. The establishment of the Miklouho-Maclay Online Museum is also a significant step on the way of enhancing the relations between the Russian Federation and the Independent State of Papua New Guinea, because it contributes to the development of cultural relations between the states. It is a site, which with the help of information about the outstanding scientist and his achievements, shows the connection between generations, gives specific knowledge about the study of the South Seas by Russia from the nineteenth century until today.
SOCIO-ECONOMIC AND CULTURAL ACTIVITIES OF RAILWAY COMPANIES IN JAPAN IN THE XX CENTURY
Authors:   Institute of oriental studies, Russian academy of sciences (MOSCOW), Avdakov Igor Yu.
Published: April 2023

The first Japanese railway began to operate in 1872. The main railway lines were built by the end of the 19‑th century. They were state-owned and private-owned companies. Militarization of Japanese economy led to the fact that property of the most private companies was nationalized. The scope of activities of remaining private companies in Tokyo, Osaka, Nagoya was limited to the cities and suburbs. The struggle to survive in the face of significant restrictions has led these companies to the need to increase passenger traffic. For this they built residential areas and universities, large stores, hotels, restaurants on company lands. Many cultural and sports institutions were created: theatres, picture galleries, museums, recreation and amusement parks, sport facilities. As a result by the end of the XX century the activities of private companies diversified so much that they can hardly be called railway companies. The functions of these companies related to the transportation of passengers are only a visible part divers activities that are carried out not so much by parent companies as by their branches and subsidiaries. Government railways expanded their socioeconomic and cultural activities in the late 1960‑th — early 1970‑th, when legislation was revised towards the partial removal of restrictions for side activities. But only since privatization «Kokutetsu» in 1986 socioeconomic and cultural activity has gained full scope. Private and privatized companies complement the state in the development of culture, tourism, economy and life of Japanese society. The mutual interest of railway companies and the state in cultural and socio-economic development is revealed.
INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE «THE ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF PAKISTAN: PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS OF DEVELOPMENT (ON THE 75th ANNIVERSARY OF INDEPENDENCE)»
Authors:   Institute of oriental studies, Russian academy of sciences (MOSCOW), Serenko Irina N.
Published: April 2023

This article is a review of the International conference «The Islamic Republic of Pakistan: Problems and Prospects of Development (on the 75th Anniversary of Independence)». The event was held on September 26, 2022 at the Institute of Oriental Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences in a mixed part-time format by using the Zoom platform. Speeches and reports of numerous International conference participants, presented by the Head and staff of the Pakistani and Russian diplomatic missions in Moscow and Islamabad respectively, members of a high-ranking delegation of Pakistani Senators, as well as of Heads, staff, senior and junior scholars of leading Russian and Pakistani analytical centers, institutes and various institutions, covered a wide range issues on Pakistan studies. Besides the official greetings and addresses by Honorable Guests of this International forum, the conference program also reflected relevant studies of domestic and Pakistani scholars on Pakistan national statehood building, its current inner political, socio-economic problems, the main directions of this country foreign policy at the global and regional level, including the possibilities of enhancing Pakistan-Russia relations on bilateral and multilateral cooperation with the geographically close states in the vector of Eurasian integration by means of major joint investment projects implementation. Much attention at the conference was paid to the necessity of the socio-cultural communication formation between the Russian and Pakistani peoples for the increase of their mutual understanding and convergence. A separate remarkable event was devoted to this issue within the framework of the International conference, which took place at the Eastern Cultural Center of the IOS RAS. It was connected with the presentation of the Three–volume «Encyclopedia of Muhammad Iqbal’ (in Urdu) and the solemn ceremony of its donation to the Institute of Oriental Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences by the Honorary Speaker of the conference, Chairman of the of Pakistan Senate Standing Committee on Human Rights, Senator Walid Iqbal — grandson of the outstanding Pakistani poet and thinker, the ‘Spiritual Father of Pakistan» Allama Muhammad Iqbal.
KURDISH TRACE IN PAKISTAN
Authors:   Institute of oriental studies, Russian academy of sciences (MOSCOW), Ozmanian Midiya S.
Published: April 2023

Noting the polyethnicity of the Pakistani state, the author tried to trace the «Kurdish trace in Pakistan». It was noted that representatives of various peoples and nationalities live on the territory of Pakistan, who speak more than 60 languages. And one of the small communities among them are the Iraqi Kurds, whose number, according to some estimates, reaches 250 people. In 1659, the Kurdish historian Akhund Mohmmad Saleh Zangana wrote the book «Kurd Talk Letter». It examines the history of the origin of the Baluch, originally from the Kurdish race. In recent decades, the Baluchs, like the Kurds, have been actively developing a movement for national self-determination demanding independence from Shiite Iran, as well as Pakistan. The main reason for the confrontation in Iran is related to the religious component, since the Baluchis are Sunnis. The examples of twice Prime Minister of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan Benazir Bhutto (1988–1990; 1993–1996), as well as Minister for Education (2002–2007) and for Defense Production of Pakistan Zubaida Jalal Khan (2018–2022) were cited as the most famous Kurds of Pakistan in the world Kurdish community. It was noted that the first in recent history the female head of government in a country with a predominantly Muslim population, Benazir Bhutto, was a Kurdish woman by her mother Begum Nusrat Bhutto (Nusrat Isfahani (1929–2011)). Despite the small number of Kurds in Pakistan, some of them, who have Kurdish roots, manage to occupy high positions in government structures and achieve a certain degree of self-realization during historical assimilation.
Theoretical foundations of public-private partnership development policy
Authors:   L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Akhatay B. , Dossymkhan Y. ,   Astana IT University
Published: April 2023

The processes of transformation of political and socio-economic systems taking place in the world in the last decade are pushing countries to search for new approaches from the point of view of public policy in the field of public-private partnership. Over time, there is an increasing need to expand the mechanisms of interaction between the state and the private sector in partnerships in order to meet the needs of society. Through the formation of a strategic partnership between the state and the private sector, the Republic of Kazakhstan can form a system of economic order and relations that ensure and guarantee the future of the country. The Republic of Kazakhstan gained independence and modernized all spheres of society in accordance with the requirements of the democratic regime. The transformation of the economic sphere in accordance with the system of market relations has become the basis for the formation and development of private entrepreneurship. At the same time, the spheres of ensuring the needs of society are schools, kindergarten, healthcare, services, infrastructure, agriculture, tourism, etc. With the support of the state through the private sector, they were carried out based on world experience. The activities of public-private partnerships in economically developed countries have been established and are developing in the world. The private sector in each country should function as a political system that allows its activities to work in order to meet the interests of both parties in order to ensure the potential of society. That is, on the liberal principle that an open society under a democratic regime gives freedom to all forms of ownership, the way opens up in the state to a partnership of private and public property, one of the most important sectors of the economy. The article considers, first of all, the theoretical justification of this problem when studying the problems of public-private partnership, providing ways and mechanisms to solve it. That is, analyzing the theory on which the research work is based, relying on general scientific methods, operationalizing the theory, analysis of analogical theories, their classification, methods of induction, and deduction, clarifying the theory, and describing the methodology of this problem. Consequently, a scientific theory is determined and verified by methods.
Politicization of Islam in Kazakhstan in the context of the formation of a model of secularism
Authors:   Kostanay Academy of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Republic of Kazakhstan named after Sh. Kabylbayev, Tuyganov M.S.
Published: April 2023

Under the conditions of the transit of power in the political sphere, the issues of interaction between state and public institutions become more relevant. Religion occupies a special place among the latter. The article presents the author’s vision of the political aspect of the problem of the formation of the Kazakh model of secularism. Historically, Kazakhstan has experienced several models of secularism, which are directly opposite to each other in content and form. The transition from one model to another was the result of a change of political regimes and was directly related to severe upheavals in the spiritual life of society. Today, the nature of the external regulation of religious life by the state creates a special dynamic network of relations between politics and religion, politicizing the latter. The formation of a model of secularism that meets national interests depends on the state’s policy in the field of religion and the quality of its implementation. Based on the analysis of state-confessional relations, the author made an attempt to show the place and role of the politicization of Islam as an essential element of the emerging Kazakh model of secularism. The article identifies reasons and conditions determining the politicization of Islam, as well as factors whose development may lead to its hyper politicization and/or depoliticization.
The impact of conflicts in world politics on the values of modern society
Authors:   L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Bakirlanova A.N.
Published: April 2023

In the article, the author considers the topic of the impact of conflicts in international politics and how events in the world affect the values of society. The world is familiar with conflicts since the emergence of life on earth. The reasons for the conflicts were religious, cultural, ethnic, territorial, and ideological contradictions. In the history of international relations and political science, one of the long-standing contradictions was the bipolar world, in which the acute problems of two ideologies arose: communism and capitalism. The collapse of the Soviet Union and the formation of newly independent states influenced a change in values in society, a change in a new world order, and the emergence of new conflicts not only of political, but also of cultural, economic, and gender nature. The political interests of states and the active participation of society in the formation of new value orientations lead to a conflict of interest in which conflicts arise. The purpose of the article is how conflicts in world politics affect the values of society and how this affects international relations.
Pelaksanaan program imunisasi BCG terhadap partisipasi masyarakat di Posyandu Seroja
Authors: Lubis Yusuf Hanafi
Published: April 2023

The Directorate of Disease Prevention and Control, Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia shows that 1.7 million children have not received complete immunization from 2014 to 2016.  (Objective) This study aims to determine the effect of community participation on the implementation of the BCG immunization program at Posyandu Seroja. (Methods) using a quantitative approach with a cross-sectional research design by taking a sample of 40 people, namely all parents of toddlers who came to the Seroja posyandu in total sampling by conducting interviews using questionnaires to obtain information related to the implementation of the BCG immunization program, data were analyzed univariately, bivariately and multivariately to obtain crude values and adjusted oods ratio. (Results) shows that community participation in Posyandu is 50%. There is a significant relationship between public invitation to join the Posyandu program and the implementation of the BCG vaccination program (p-value; 0.032(<0.05), AOR; 2.049, 95%CI;4.95-8.48). (Conclusion) is factors that can affect the running of the BCG immunization program at Posyandu Seroja with a precision value of 5% are inviting people to participate in posyandu, inviting other parents to come to the posyandu and babies have been immunized against BCG.
A importância da participação popular nos instrumentos de planejamento orçamentário Brasileiro
Authors: Franck Natascha Simões , Trannin Maria Cecília
Published: April 2023

Em uma transação comercial entre fornecedor e cliente há a prestação de contas após a entrega do produto final, tanto para empresas privadas quanto as públicas. Para o sistema orçamentário brasileiro não é diferente, uma vez que a máquina pública é alimentada pelos impostos pagos pela população. No entanto, se a sociedade é o cliente e o governo é quem utiliza os recursos e fornece os devidos serviços, haveria então uma fiscalização quanto à aplicação daqueles? Isso é definido como o exercício da cidadania em que a participação popular dita positivamente ou negativamente, mas que, no entanto, pode ser não satisfatória. Com isso, o objetivo desse trabalho é pesquisar sobre o funcionamento do planejamento do sistema orçamentário brasileiro relacionando com a presença da sociedade para a manutenção do Estado. Foram utilizados como base de pesquisa o orçamento público, as Leis orçamentárias e a Lei de Responsabilidade Fiscal. O foco é uma pesquisa bibliográfica através de renomados autores da área de finanças públicas. Conhecendo e compreendendo a importância das Leis: Plano Plurianual (PPA), Lei de Diretrizes Orçamentárias (LDO) e Lei Orçamentária Anual (LOA) é possível acompanhar como os recursos públicos são aplicados e de que forma são utilizados para que sejam revertidos em melhorias em benefício da comunidade. Entretanto, de nada valerá a vigência das leis exempláveis quando o objetivo da administração pública não atingiu a participação da sociedade, tendo em vista que os órgãos competentes devem promover, proteger e defender a população a ser assistida. As políticas públicas podem impactar nossas vidas tanto de forma pessoal quanto profissional. O investimento do Governo Federal em educação política para a sociedade fará com que as pessoas tenham um maior exercício de cidadania, e por consequência uma justiça social com igualdades de direito. Por esses motivos é tão importante a participação popular para que o Governo possa compreender as demandas e como priorizá-las de acordo com as necessidades e relacioná-las com as disponibilidades financeiras públicas.
Sensibilidade ao glúten e tireoidite de Hashimoto: uma interação viável
Authors: Franco Larissa Barros Pinto , Pinto Fernanda Neves , Bento Claudia Teresa
Published: April 2023

Nos últimos anos a prevalência de desordens relacionadas ao glúten vem aumentando exponencialmente, podendo alcançar até 10% da população mundial. Dentre as mais estudadas, que são a doença celíaca e a alergia ao trigo, tem-se observado notoriamente uma crescente manifestação conhecida como sensibilidade ao glúten não celíaco (Non-celiac gluten sensitivity – NCGS), que apesar de ter tido seus primeiros relatos na década de 80, ainda assim não está totalmente elucidada sobre suas condições clínicas e de diagnóstico. Com a ingestão de glúten, indivíduos com NCGS podem apresentar tanto sintomas gastrointestinais como também extraintestinais, repercutindo em possíveis agravos sistêmicos. Diante do crescente número de publicações a fim de melhor compreender a NCGS, foi encontrado certa relação sistêmica em doenças de caráter autoimune como no caso da tireoidite de Hashimoto, que antes era vista somente em associação com a doença celíaca e que agora, sendo presente também na NCGS, abre uma lacuna de questionamentos sobre a interação fisiopatológica entre essas duas doenças. Com o objetivo de constatar a associação entre a sensibilidade ao glúten não celíaco e a tireoidite de Hashimoto foi efetuada uma revisão bibliográfica por meio de consultas a bases de dados da Biblioteca Virtual de Saúde, Medline e Pubmed, além de pesquisas feitas no Scielo e Clinical Medicine and Research, levando em consideração artigos abordando apenas seres humanos e critérios clínicos que abordavam as duas manifestações. A partir dessa revisão pudemos constatar que a sensibilidade ao glúten não celíaco teria uma correlação promissora com a tireoidite de Hashimoto e que poderia sim influenciar negativamente na resposta tireoidiana, sendo necessário adaptações na dieta alimentar a fim de ter uma redução nos danos causados por essa associação.