bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Supramolecular Plastics Processed from Small Molecule-based Coacervates
Authors: Yu Jingjing , Qi Da'wei , Mäkilä Ermei , Lassila Lippo , Papageorgiou Anastassios , Peurla Markus , Rosenholm Jessica , Zhao Zhao , Vallittu Pekka , Jalkanen Sirpa , Jia Chunman , Li Jianwei
Published: January 2022

Supramolecular polymers self-assembled by small molecules are a type of new material with adaptive and biocompatible properties. However, the mechanical property of these materials is always weak, impeding their applications in practice. Here, we reported that coacervation can be used to explore robust and stable bulk materials without the compromise of responsiveness. The liquid-liquid separation process could sequester and concentrate solutes, which facilitated the non-covalent association of building blocks equipped with multiple binding sites and resulted in bulk materials with versatile properties that were highly related to the encapsulated water amounts. It was a robust plastic with a remarkable Young’s modulus of 139.53  4.74 MPa when the water content was about 5% while became adhesive and could instantly self-heal with more absorbed water. Moreover, the material was reusable and fully recyclable. Our findings suggest that coacervation offers a promising approach to constructing bulk materials using small molecules and new possibilities for the application of supramolecular chemistry.
Androgenetic alopecia and coronavirus infection
Authors: Melnichenko Olga O. , Sakaniya Luiza R. , Piruzyan Anastas L. , Korsunskaya Irina M.
Published: January 2022

Androgenetic alopecia (AA) is a non-scarring hair loss in men and women caused by the effect of androgens on hair follicles which occurs in genetically predisposed individuals. The disease has chronic and progressive course and affects millions of people worldwide. AA treatments are limited, and understanding of the underlying pathophysiology is still is developing. Along with genetic predisposition and complex biochemical processes occurring in hair follicle cells, the role of new novel coronavirus infection COVID-19 in AA is widely discussed. Today, information on the epidemiology, clinical manifestations, prevention and treatment of coronavirus infection COVID-19 is constantly being updated. COVID-19-associated cutaneous manifestations have been described, including angiitis, acrodermatitis (acroangiitis), papular-vesicular eruptions, papular-squamous eruptions, pityriasis rosea, measles-like rash, toxicoderma, exacerbation of chronic dermatoses, artifactual skin lesions and, finally, hair loss. A number of studies demonstrate a link between androgens involved in the pathogenesis of COVID-19 and the possible occurrence of AA.
Keloid scars. Modern aspects of diagnosis and treatment
Authors: Taganov Aleksei V. , Bragina Anastasiia V.
Published: January 2022

Cicatricial skin hypertrophy includes keloids and hypertrophic scars. Keloid scarring is thought to result from an imbalance between increased synthesis of collagen and extracellular matrix and decreased degradation of these products. Current knowledge of keloid pathophysiology prompts clinicians to investigate new methods for the diagnosis and treatment of keloids, as well as their prevention.
Pharmacotherapy for diffuse alopecia
Authors: Shperling Natalia V. , Shperling Maksim I. , Rudenko Marina A. , Chaplygin Aleksei V.
Published: January 2022

Background. Diffuse alopecia (DA) is a pathological hair loss associated with damage to the hair follicle, usually associated with a trigger factor. An important role in the development of this condition is played by the violation of the cyclicity of the phases of the hair follicle anagen, telogen and catagen. The basis of pathogenetic therapy for DA is the induction and prolongation of the anagen stage (including through inhibition of catagen). The use of medicines based on natural ingredients can get a positive effect on the course of the disease.

Aim. To evaluate the effectiveness of complex therapy with Selencin in the treatment of DA.

Materials and methods. The study was conducted on 80 patients with the proved diagnosis of DA (telogenic/anagenic). The treatment was carried out with Selencin in tablet form and external form (peptide lotion) for 2 months. The effectiveness of the drug was assessed 2 and 4 months after the start of treatment (immediately after the end of the course and 2 months later).

Results. The high clinical efficacy of the therapy has been shown in a significant reduction in hair loss, as well as restoration of their structure and increase in volume. Also, after 2 and 4 months from the start of treatment, there was a normalization of the dermatoscopic picture of the scalp and an improvement in the results of special tests (PULL test).

Conclusion. The use of a combination of drugs Selencin in the management of DA has a pronounced therapeutic effect. The drugs can be used as the primary treatment for this disease.
Aesthetic medicine without hematomas: myth or reality
Authors: Mashkina Anastasia S.
Published: January 2022

Background. Invasive aesthetic medicine is associated with various rehabilitation manifestations: hematomas, edema, pain after the procedure. Hematomas are an unpleasant, but often inevitable for the patient. In this case, hematomas appear when a vessel is directly injured by a needle during the procedure, which is always associated with skin trauma and an increased risk of infection.
Aim. Application of an effective treatment regimen without pronounced side effects for minimizing rehabilitation phenomena after aesthetic procedures.
Materials and methods. The study involved 50 patients, 25 of whom received anti hematoma therapy with external and systemic forms of Arnica montana (Boiron) before and after the procedure. 25 remaining (control group) did not receive therapy before the procedure, as well as during rehabilitation after the procedure. The analysis of the course of the rehabilitation period was assessed using a questionnaire, which contained questions on assessing the degree of intensity of such adverse events after the procedure as pain, edema, hyperemia, the size of hematomas according to a scale from 0 to 5, where 0 no manifestations, 5 significantly pronounced manifestations.
Results. An analysis of many clinical cases shows the effectiveness of antihematoma therapy with Arnica montana preparations in various forms [Arnica montana C9 (Boiron) and Arnigel] before and after procedure, manifested in a faster resolution of hematomas, a decrease in edema, a decrease in pain after the procedure, as well as an overall reduction in the rehabilitation period by at least 23 days compared with the course of rehabilitation without the appointment of anti-hematoma therapy.
Conclusion. Based on the above data, confirmed by numerous studies, we can conclude about the effectiveness of prescribing Arnica drugs [Arnica montana C9 (Boiron) and Arnigel] before and after invasive aesthetic procedures.
Acute conditions in dermatology: toxic reactions and their treatment
Authors: Sakaniya Luiza R. , Plieva Kristina T. , Denisova Elena V. , Korsunskaya Irina M.
Published: January 2022

Acute severe conditions caused by the use of various drugs are of particular difficulty in dermatological practice. Toxicodermic reactions include DRESS syndrome, StevensJohnson syndrome, toxic epidermal necrolysis, acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis and erythroderma of various origins. These disorders are characterized not only by skin lesions, but also toxic reactions in internal organs, which if untreated properly can be life-threatening. The first choice drugs for such reactions are systemic glucocorticosteroids, in particular betamethasone derivatives. Our own experience and numerous studies confirm the effectiveness of such drugs. However, it should be remembered that uncontrolled or prolonged use of systemic glucocorticosteroids can aggravate the patient's condition and lead to unwanted adverse reactions.
EFFECTS OF TREE SPACING AND FORKING ON THE MODIFICATION OF WOOD DENSITY IN A TRIAL PLANTATION OF TACHIGALI VULGARIS FOR ENERGY IN AMAZONIA
Authors: Barros-Junior UO , Rosário WAS , Lima MDR , Silva MOS , Patrício EPS , Gonçalves DA , Bufalino L , Protásio TP
Published: January 2022

The study investigated the intra-stem and inter-stem variations of wood basic density in Tachigali vulgaris, influenced by different planting spacing and the occurrence of forking in a trial carried out in Pará State, Brazil. The experiment was performed in a randomised block design, arranged in a split-plot scheme, where plot effect was constituted by planting spacing (4.5, 6.0, 7.5, 9.0, 10.5 and 12.0 m2) and forking, as the effect of subplot (forked or not forked). The wood basic density increased from narrower to wider planting spacings. The wood basic densities in planting spacings of 9 m² (0.517 g cm-3) and 12 m² (0.529 g cm-3) were 16.9 and 19.4% higher compared to the lowest planting spacing of 4.5 m2 (< 0.500 g cm-3). Forking reduced wood density by almost 7% and promoted a wider variation within the stem. Forked stems decreased basic density towards the base-top direction. The findings suggested that, 87-months-old wood of T. vulgaris is suitable for energy purposes, and recommended for the establishment of homogeneous plantations in Brazilian Amazonia.
Re-understanding Personal and Organizational Mission with Netflix Cultural Manual
Authors: Xu Yanyan
Published: January 2022

Netflix first attracted domestic attention through an American drama, House of Cards, in 2013. In 2018, Netflix surpassed Disney in market value and became the world’s largest media company. As a global streaming media giant, Netflix’s corporate culture has always been sought after. Beginning with the eight principles of Netflix’s culture, this article discusses the application of its culture in management to re-understand personal and organizational mission of modern enterprises.
Infiltration Strategies of Mathematical Culture in Improving the Mathematical Literacy of Primary School Students
Authors: Fang Deyang
Published: January 2022

Primary schools are a sanctuary for basic education. Primary school students are in the initial stage of development in many areas. Mathematical culture has a great effect on the improvement of students’ mathematical literacy. However, exam-oriented education has seriously affected people’s way of thinking, leading to a large gap in mathematics education and its culture with excessive emphasis on the accumulation of mathematical knowledge, skill training, and other aspects but neglecting the cultural connotation of mathematics itself. Ensuring that students master mathematical knowledge is one of the purposes of mathematics education. However, while gaining knowledge, students should be guided to understand its cultural connotation. Therefore, in order to implement the concept of people-oriented education and promote the comprehensive development of students, it is extremely important to integrate mathematical culture into the cultivation of mathematical literacy.
Application of Hybrid Teaching in English for Nursing in Higher Vocational Colleges
Authors: Wang Suili
Published: January 2022

With the rapid development and advancement of internet technology, “Internet Plus Education” has become a trend of basic education reform. It provides a new direction and thinking for English teaching in higher vocational nursing specialty. In teaching practice, higher vocational English teachers should be in line with the development trend of information education, use internet technology as teaching aids, assume the online and offline hybrid teaching mode, as well as further improve their learning initiative and enthusiasm while enriching the forms of teaching, so as to lay a good foundation for improving their comprehensive ability and professional quality. In regard to this, by analyzing the connotation of online and offline hybrid teaching, this paper explores the application strategies of hybrid teaching in English for nursing in higher vocational colleges in hope to provide some references for teachers.
A Study on the Reform of College English Pragmatic Teaching Based on Mixed Teaching Methods
Authors: Meng Qingyan
Published: January 2022

The college English pragmatic teaching approach, which seeks to foster students' English for all-round growth, is constantly developing with the ongoing development and improvement of education in China. As a result, during the implementation of college English pragmatic teaching, teachers realized their educational responsibility and implemented the mixed teaching style in a reasonable manner [1]. English pragmatic teaching content has grown in depth, enhancing students' perceptions of learning and allowing them to participate more fully in knowledge acquisition. Furthermore, it creates a solid basis for college students' follow-up English level exams, allowing them to steadily develop their English thinking abilities. This study focuses on the mixed-methods reform of college English pragmatic teaching. The author puts forward reasonable suggestions combined with his own teaching experience.
SWOT Analysis of the Cultivation of Local International Talents in Higher Vocational Colleges in Hunan Province Under the “One Belt One Road” Strategy
Authors: Zeng Yihua , Liu Jianxiong
Published: January 2022

With the rapid development of international education, local international education has become a new trend. This study analyzes the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and challenges in the training of local international talents in higher vocational colleges under the “One Belt One Road” in Hunan Province to provide reference for Hunan’s local internationalization.
Analysis on Family History of Diabetes, Weight Gain during Pregnancy and Pre-pregnancy Body Mass Index on 82 Pregnant Women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Gao Jingyun , Hua Zhaozhao , Wu Anqin
Published: January 2022

Objective: To investigate the effects of family history of diabetes mellitus, Gestational Weight Gain (GWG) and Body Mass Index (BMI) before pregnancy on Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM). Method: 82 pregnant women with GDM who were hospitalized and delivered in the obstetrics department of our hospital from September 2017 to September 2019 were selected as the observation group, and 60 pregnant women with normal glucose tolerance test in the same period were selected as the control group; The relationship between family history of diabetes, weight gain during pregnancy and pre-pregnancy Body Mass Index and GDM were analyzed. Results: The age, pre-pregnancy weight and weight gain during pregnancy were significantly higher in the observation group than in the control group (P < 0.05), and the family history of diabetes and pre-pregnancy Body Mass Index were higher in the observation group than in the control group (P < 0.05), and the differences were statistically significant. Conclusion: It is suggested that family history of diabetes is related to gestational diabetes mellitus. Excessive GWG growth during pregnancy and high Body Mass Index before pregnancy may increase the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus in pregnant women.
Exploring the Treatment of Coronary Artery Atherosclerosis from the Direction of Inflammatory Vesicles with Wind-Extinguishing and Phlegm-Resolving Medicine
Authors: Zhao Bing , Gong Lihong
Published: January 2022

Atherosclerosis is a fundamental pathological change in coronary heart disease, with vulnerable plaque formation leading to decreased plaque stability and plaque rupture, and is a major cause of acute cardiovascular events. The inflammatory response is an important mechanism in the development and progression of atherosclerosis, and plaque stability is closely related to the inflammatory response. In recent years, the role of NLRP3 inflammatory vesicles, which are involved in macrophage foaminess, in the inflammatory response to atherosclerosis has received increasing attention. Chinese medicine is able to modulate inflammatory vesicles to improve atherosclerotic plaque stability, showing good promise in the prevention and treatment of atherosclerotic vulnerable plaques. Based on the role of inflammatory vesicles in atherosclerosis and the results of previous studies that wind-extinguishing and phlegm-resolving medicine can effectively modulate the inflammatory response to intervene in the treatment of atherosclerosis, this paper aims to investigate the treatment of coronary atherosclerosis by wind-extinguishing and phlegm-resolving medicine from the direction of inflammatory vesicles.
Study on Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Coagulation Indexes in Pulmonary Infection Sepsis
Authors: Wei Pan , Zhang Xuanguo
Published: January 2022

Objective: To explore the characteristics and influencing factors of coagulation indexes in patients with pulmonary infection sepsis. Methods: 104 patients in Shaanxi Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine from January 2015 to April 2021 were collected and divided into case group (52 cases) and control group (52 cases). The general data and coagulation indexes of the two groups were statistically analyzed. The difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Binary logistic regression analysis was used. Results: The indexes of age PT, APTT, TT, FDP, D-Dimer, INR and PLT in the control group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P < 0.05); There was no significant difference in FIB-C (P > 0.05); Binary logistic regression analysis showed that D-Dimer and PLT were the risk factors of pulmonary infection sepsis (OR > 1, P < 0.05). Conclusion: FDP and D-Dimer are risk factors for the development of pneumonia into sepsis.
Patologías de una insuficiencia cardiaca congestiva en infantes
Authors: Rodríguez Ortiz Vanessa Priscila , Cedeño Mera Johana Pilar , Intriago Moreira Josueth Emigdio , López Moreira Liceth Carolina
Published: January 2022

La Insuficiencia Cardíaca Congestiva (ICC) afecta al 1-2% de la población y aumenta drásticamente alrededor de los 75 años, hasta llegar a un 10-20% en el grupo de pacientes de 70-80 años. Además, existe una incidencia de 500.000 nuevos casos por año y esta cantidad puede depender del aumento de la edad y del tratamiento moderno que postergan la etapa final de las enfermedades valvulares y de enfermedades coronarias. Además, la IC es la primera causa de muerte hospitalaria después de los 65 años e implica más de dos millones de consultas ambulatorias por año aproximadamente. La metodología utilizada para el presente trabajo de investigación, se enfoca hacia una metodología orientada hacia la necesidad de indagar en forma precisa y coherente una situación. Enmarcada dentro de una revisión bibliográfica de tipo documental, ya que nos vamos a ocupar de temas planteados a nivel teórico como es Patologías de una insuficiencia cardiaca congestiva en infantes. La técnica para la recolección de datos está constituida por materiales impresos, audiovisuales y electrónicos, estos últimos como Google Académico, PubMed, entre otros. La información aquí obtenida será revisada para su posterior análisis. Las cardiopatías congénitas no son muy comunes en infantes, por ello es muy importante hacer un diagnóstico correcto (Atención primaria), en base a la realización de estudios que pueden revelar alteraciones que deben ser interpretadas teniendo en cuenta las características de cada niño. La opinión del cardiólogo es fundamental para diagnosticar las cardiopatías. En el caso 3 la cardiopatía congénita detectada en el neonato fue muy crítica que derivó en un procedimiento quirúrgico correctivo en donde la vida del mismo estuvo comprometida en todo momento. Esta patología tiene grandes complicaciones (Trombosis venosa profunda, Tromboembolia, Insuficiencia de los órganos vitales, Arritmias cardíacas y muerte súbita), que pueden ser originadas por distintas causas y mecanismos de producción.
Educación inclusiva en Ecuador: una mirada a través del índex for inclusión
Authors: Ochoa Cárdenas Erika Magaly
Published: January 2022

La escuela de integración surge como una opción innovadora frente a la escuela anquilosada tradicional y excluyente; se define por su apertura y aceptación en las aulas regulares, alumnos sin distinción de sexo, edad, origen social, situación económica, pertenencia social o étnica, así como alumnos con necesidades especiales de aprendizaje que, tradicionalmente, eran excluidos o expulsados de la escuela regular. En tal sentido el objetivo de la presente revisión es analizar el panorama actual de la educación inclusiva en Ecuador a través del índex for inclusión. El método de la investigación es documental o bibliográfico. De esta manera concluimos diciendo que los estudiantes con necesidades educativas no ponen en peligro el progreso educativo de otros estudiantes, ya que la inclusión como pilar de la diversidad de la educación en el aula.
Nowy Świat to nazwa cyrku. Nowocześni przeglądają się w obrazach Giandomenica Tiepolo
Authors: Szczerbakiewicz Rafał
Published: January 2022

The 18th century Venetian Republic reconfigured the pop-cultural modernity with its collapse. On the sketches and frescoes of Giandomenico Tiepolo, the figures of Commedia dell’Arte banished from the city scene transform the erstwhile carnival into an inkling of the New World, the art of the circus. In the 20th century, authors and philosophers uncover a terrifying prophecy of the collapse of universal values from those visionary works.
Cyrk i polityka w dwóch filmach Dušana Makavejeva
Authors: Pająk Patrycjusz
Published: January 2022

Dušan Makavejev is a politically engaged director – most of his films have a critical message against the prevailing ideology. In this message, thematic and stylistic references to the circus art often play a key role. Makavejev gives circus the meaning of an ironically ambiguous political allegory. Such a relationship between politics and circus can be seen best in his feature debut Man Is Not a Bird (1965) and in his feature-length documentary essay Innocence Unprotected (1968).
PENGEMBANGAN E-MODUL PEMBELAJARAN ONLINE BOLA BESAR PENDIDIKAN JASMANI OLAHRAGA DAN KESEHATAN DI MASA PANDEMI COVID-19 DI SMAN 1 GARUM KABUPATEN BLITAR
Authors: Nurhadi Nadhif Alief
Published: January 2022

Bahan ajar e-modul pembelajaran online bola besar pendidikan jasmani olahraga dan kesehatan di masa pandemi covid-19 sebagai sumber belajar yang efektif dan efisien dalam membantu pembelajaran daring/online. Penelitian ini menggunakan model pengembangan Borg and Gall melalui 10 tahapan yang sudah dimodifikasi menjadi 7 tahapan. Pada tahap validasi produk dilakukan 2 validator, ahli media dan materi. Selain itu responden penelitian guru dan peserta didik. Instrumen yang digunakan, Wawancara, Observasi, Lembar Validasi Produk, dan Lembar Kuesioner responden. Hasil penelitian e-modul pembelajaran online bola besar menunjukkan hasil penilaian memenuhi kriteria “Valid”, dan kategori penilaian “Layak” dan “Sangat Layak” sehingga dapat dijadikan bahan ajar dalam pembelajaran online bola besar di SMAN 1 Garum Kabupaten Blitar.
Fostering the Success of Working-Class Latina Doctoral Students at Predominantly White Institutions
Authors: Crumb Loni
Published: January 2022

Aim/Purpose: Latina doctoral students’ educational experiences are often mediated by their social class status, race, and gender. Latinas have sustained an increasing presence in doctoral programs at various colleges and universities across the United States; yet, they are continually underrepresented in doctoral programs at predominantly White institutions. The author identifies evidence-supported, personal and institutional factors that may contribute to working-class Latina doctoral students’ successful persistence at predominantly White institutions.

Background: The tension between personal identities versus academic capability can make the doctoral education experience academically, socially, emotionally, and financially challenging for Latinas from low-income backgrounds. Latina/Latino Critical Race Theory and Multiracial Feminist Theory are introduced as lenses to examine aspects of the doctoral education experience that may impede or support Latina students’ retention.

Methodology: As a conceptual article, this paper is an examination of research regarding the experiences of doctoral students of color at predominantly White institutions in the United States and summarizes how Latina doctoral students from economically disadvantaged backgrounds can succeed in these environments.

Contribution: This article outlines evidence-supported strategies that may influence working-class Latina doctoral students’ successful persistence at predominantly White institutions.

Findings: The research highlighted in this article emphasizes how factors such as embracing familismo, increasing faculty diversity, establishing peer networks, and creating inclusive class-concious academic programs and new student orientations, may contribute to the doctoral persistence of Latinas from economically disadvantaged backgrounds attending predominantly White institutions.

Recommendations for Practitioners: Personal and institutional factors are recommended for faculty and student affairs professionals to support the doctoral persistence of Latina students such as embracing personal agency and academic efficacy, embracing familismo, recognizing the myth of meritocracy, establishing peer support networks, creating inclusive academic environments, establishing formal faculty mentorships, and fostering class conscious faculty.

Recommendation for Researchers: The literature presented in this paper provides ideas for future research opportunities that could further examine how supportive relationships and inclusiveness promote Latina doctoral students’ educational success.

Impact on Society: Latinas experience overlapping forms of privilege and subordination depending on their race, social class, gender, sexual orientation, and academic setting.

Future Research: Further development of transformative research on this topic may improve inclusive educational practices and potentially increase access to doctoral-level education for Latinas and other economically disadvantaged students of color.
Ethical and existential aspects of lifestyle changes
Authors:   Centre for Theology and Religious Studies, Lund University, Sweden, Arlebrink Jan ,   Clinical Health Promotion Centre, Lund University, Sweden
Published: January 2022

Background Many people change their lifestyle and such changes can be either voluntary or involuntary. Often, some sort of crisis forces people to change their lifestyles. Therefore, the difficult existential questions become relevant to those who have been forced to change their lifestyle. Methods This paper will explore different kinds of lifestyle changes within an ethical and existential context. The ethical context is constituted by the Danish ethicist K.E. Løgstrup and his thoughts on the basic conditions of life for the human being. The existential context is constituted by questions dealing with the foundations of our existence and which man cannot avoid. Results In the examples given, the patients seldom receive any help to process their existential questions and as a consequence their problems become more severe. Conclusion It is important to treat every patient as a subject and to take care of not only his or her medical problems but also of the patient´s existential questions generated by the medical problems.
The Genealogy of Ali Mustafa Yaqub’s Hadith Understanding
Authors: Fatihunnada Fatihunnada , Salim Hasan Basri
Published: January 2022

Ali Mustafa is an Indonesian hadith expert who has had a significant influence on the development of hadith studies in Indonesia in term of the study of hadith authenticity and the study of hadith understanding. This article explores Ali Mustafa's genealogy of understanding, method of understanding, and academic experiences during his education in Indonesia and Saudi Arabia. The data sources for this paper were Ali Mustafa's work entitled Female Imam, The Meeting Point of Wahabi-NU, and Islam is not only for Muslims. Through text analysis method with a genealogical approach, it can be described that Ali Mustafa's understanding of Genealogy was strongly influenced by several sources such as NU, Wahabi, Occidentalism, and the understanding of classical scholars. Ali Mustafa understood the hadith with the textual method first, then he used contextual method if the textual method could not be used to understand the hadith. The influence of Ali Mustafa's education in Indonesia through Islamic boarding schools was stronger than his educational experience in Saudi Arabia
Squamous cell carcinoma in a retrorectal cystic hamartoma
Authors: Ana Teijo Quintáns , José Ignacio Martín Valadés , Cristina Garrán del Río , Irene López Rojo , Oscar Alonso Casado
Published: January 2022

Retrorectal cystic hamartomas (HCR) (“tailgut cyst” in English-language literature) are congenital cystic tumors derived from vestiges of the hindgut. Its incidence is low, being more frequent in adult women. They are variable in size, uni or multiloculated. They can be lined with several types of epithelia (squamous, transitional, mucinous,...) in a same cyst and can contain mucus. Lesions usually present during adulthood due to pain, discomfort, rectal bleeding, infection, or malignant transformation. The incidence of malignancy is low, being adenocarcinoma and neuroendocrine the most frequent tumors associated to HCR. We present a case of HCR associated with squamous cell carcinoma and discuss aspects of the treatment.
Differences between official and non-official matches in worst-case scenarios in elite futsal players
Authors: SPYROU KONSTANTINOS , FREITAS TOMÁS T. , MARÍN-CASCALES ELENA , HERRERO-CARRASCO RUBÉN , ALCARAZ PEDRO E.
Published: January 2022

Background: ‪This study aimed to compare the worst-case scenarios (WCS) between official (OFF) and non-official (Non-OFF) matches, in different time-periods in an elite futsal team. Material and methods: Twenty-six games were divided into OFF (n = 13) and Non-OFF (n = 13). The WCS were calculated using: two methods, rolling averages (ROLL) and fixed-periods (FIX); four-length epochs (30-s, 1-, 3-, and 5-min); and player load per minute (PL·min-1). Results: Considering ROLL, significant and small differences were found in PL·min-1, with higher intensity in 30-s (p = 0.001; ES = -0.53) and 1-min (p = 0.001; ES = -0.47) in OFF when compared to Non-OFF, but non-significant and small to trivial changes in 3-min (p = 0.060; ES = -0.23) and 5-min (p = 0.605; ES = -0.06) were observed. Regarding FIX, significant and small changes were obtained, with higher intensity in OFF in all time-periods when compared to Non-OFF. Significant differences were found between the two methods (ROLL vs FIX) in 30-s, 1- and 3-min, but not in 5-min. Significant differences, with lower PL·min-1, were observed with increasing time-windows from both methods (p = 0.001). Conclusions: ‪In summary, OFF matches present higher WCS than Non-OFF ones when considering short time-periods, and the FIX method could underestimate the “actual intensity” of the match compared to ROLL.
The economic and financial impact of the first phase of the COVID-19 pandemic on the sports market
Authors: Jedel Joanna , Burchard Marcin
Published: January 2022

Background: For the last several months, the world has been dominated by the coronavirus pandemic that effectively stopped the activity of entities in all fields of social life: finance, economy, culture and, broadly defined sport. The dynamic nature of changes and adaptation to a new reality were related to new restrictions and limitations on the functioning of society that were imposed by local governments. Information about the postponement or cancellation of mass sports events in all disciplines, including marathons, football, athletics, basketball, handball, hockey, rugby, cricket, sailing, skiing, weightlifting, to name a few, created confusion in the sports world. For the first time in the history of the modern Olympics, the Olympic Games and the Paralympic Games were postponed and took place in 2021. Material and methods: The authors analysed available reports that described the general results of the sports market as well as reports and financial statements for the period of the COVID-10 pandemic published by public joint-stock companies operating in different segments of the sports industry. Results: As a consequence of social isolation, society does not regularly practice physical activity, which may lead to deterioration in mental state and increase anxiety and stress. Because of the pandemic, millions of jobs around the world are at risk. Technology, including access to the Internet and on-line content customised to individual users’ needs, is an excellent solution to alleviate the effects of social isolation. E-sports have become very popular in the mass media, not only in the digital world, going beyond internet streaming services, social media and websites for strategic game lovers. Since traditional league games have been suspended or cancelled, the coverage of e-sports events has appeared on television. Conclusions: Today, it can be said that the COVID-19 pandemic has exerted and continues to exert a significant negative influence on the sports market, taking into consideration both economic and social aspects. It does not concern only people who work in professional sports but also those who work in related sectors such as retail or sport services that manage leagues and events. The COVID-19 pandemic has proved to be fraught with economic consequences.
The impact of local public policies on sports performance. Oradea – An example of success
Authors: BUHAŞ SORIN , BUHAŞ RALUCA , GRAMA VASILE , HERMAN GRIGORE VASILE , DRAGOȘ PAUL
Published: January 2022

European, national and local public policies have a crucial role when it comes to social and economic development. Based on European and national frameworks, local public administration develops and implements local public policies based on the community needs in order to reach a high level of local development. Among other sectors, sport plays a major role in the local development. Our paper aims to outline the role of local public authorities from Oradea, Romania, in supporting high-performance sport at a local level through local public policies. In Oradea a high-performance sport is represented by the Municipal Sports Club; therefore, our analysis focuses on the impact of local public policies on the sports activity of the club. The study methodology is mixed, based on document analysis and individual interviews. Research results show a clear link between the decision of local public authorities to get involved in local sports activity and the achievement of outstanding results by local sports teams. Consistent financial support, high quality sports infrastructure, transparent public-private partnerships, as well as strong partnerships between various local public authorities are the keys to developing performance sport.
Olympism and himalaism
Authors: PAWLUCKI ANDRZEJ
Published: January 2022

As the title makes it clear, this article concerns the anthropological issue involving the figures of an Olympic athlete and a Himalayan climber. On a broader, philosophical level, I consider and explain the differences between Olympism and Himalaism, as well as the predecessor of Himalaism, Alpinism. The study aims to explain the reason for the origin of Olympism as a social movement independent of Himalaism. To understand why Olympism and Himalaism should be considered separately, one must go back to the dawn of the two modern events: “visiting the mountains” and “populating the stadiums”. The philosophical method was used in the consideration .The two events never became a unity of being in the anthroposphere, nor a unity of meaning in the axiosphere. The distinctness of each is explained by the metaphysical anthropic principle. Olympism is governed by the strong anthropic principle of the “zone of life”, while Himalaism is governed by the weak anthropic principle of the “zone of death”. The anthropic principle of the Himalayas states that the mountains have those exact properties that enable a person to get to know themselves as an antagonist – a warrior and ultimately a conqueror. For people the initial and boundary conditions of the Himalayas, which are marked by the “zone of death”, are the verge of the anthroposphere in their expansive transgression. Olympism with its anthropically strong 'zone of life' is something different. Only “at” the foot of the mountain can one set up a stadium, engage in an agonistic relationship and get to know oneself as the winner of a good competition or even, if historically necessary, the redeemer of the moral evil in the antagonism of war. In this sense, Olympism becomes a philosophy of moral consolation. The result of the study shows that the Himalayan climber does not participate in the universe of the humanistic culture of the Olympics. Sport climbing to be introduced into the Games of the XXXII Olympics, in 2021 will remind us of this self-referencial existence at the edges of the anthroposphere, as well as the predecessor, of Himalaism, Alpinism.
In the footsteps of Joseph II. The potential of the new tourist route of the countries of the former Habsburg Empire from the perspective of cultural heritage tourism
Authors: BÓGDAŁ-BRZEZIŃSKA AGNIESZKA
Published: January 2022

Background: The aim of the article is to present the tourist potential of the routes of rulers’ journeys in the territories of modern countries belonging to former empires. The second goal is to design the trail "In the footsteps of Joseph II Habsburg" through the lands of the then empire. Materials and methods: The conditions and the context of cultural tourism were related to issues of historical heritage. The point of reference was the specificity of tourist routes following the footsteps of historical figures. Results: As an example, a proposal for a tourist route in the footsteps of Emperor Joseph II Habsburg was presented, analyzing and selecting his journeys around the Habsburg Empire in the years 1765–1790, indicating the legitimacy of cross-border cooperation to use its high tourist potential. Conclusions: The analysis shows that EU membership is favorable to countries (Central European and Balkan) that want to deepen their international tourist recognition, and to use their common past in the structures of the (Habsburg) empire to create cultural heritage routes analogous to international tourist routes.
The dangers of travel – Banditry on the roads in the old days
Authors: GODLEWSKI Piotr , SKALSKI DARIUSZ T. , MRUCZYK ROBERT
Published: January 2022

Background: Both in the most distant history and nowadays, travel is accompanied by danger. Nowadays, insecurity is becoming a basic barrier to tourist travel to high-risk areas. The aim of the study was to make a comparative review related to the subject of travel danger in retrospective terms. Material and methods: In a scholarly review, the authors mainly used the historical method, the method of establishing historical facts, the comparative method. The method of analysis and criticism of literature was also used. Results: Travel safety is not a common topic of historical literature on tourism. Although we have many fragmentary accounts in the diary literature, in Polish historiography there are no scholarly monographic works and articles that put the subject of travel safety in a historical context. Conclusions: Travel has always been accompanied by danger. Nowadays, insecurity is becoming a basic barrier to tourist travel to high-risk areas. Threats on the road are of a difficult nature to predict, from the dangers caused by the forces of nature to the deadly threat resulting from human actions, most often with an intent to rob, but also against a political (terrorism), religious or national background. Despite the ongoing civilizational changes, including the extraordinary dynamics of cultural changes, the dangers of travel still show an analogy to the former days. The end of the nineteenth century was a borderline period, it marked the irretrievable end of primitive road banditry. The development of safe communication, the emergence of strong state bodies in Europe with a developed system of security apparatus effectively limited and then eliminated the epicentres of high-risk areas, which does not mean the complete elimination of road banditry. Also today, information about attacks on tourists is coming from some regions of Europe, the mechanisms and methods are confusingly similar to those known from history.
The relationship between perceived freedom, leisure involvement, and happiness of individuals participating in physical activities
Authors: SERDAR EMRAH , HARMANDAR DEMIREL DUYGU
Published: January 2022

Background: ‪‪This study is aimed to determine the relationship between the perceived freedom, involvement and happiness of individuals participating in physical activities. Material and Methods: ‪The sample of the study consisted of 523 members. The Perceived Freedom in Leisure Scale, the Leisure Involvement Scale and the Oxford Happiness Questionnaire Short Form were used as data collection tools. In analysing the data, independent t-test, ANOVA, MANOVA and Pearson Correlation analysis were used. Results: ‪‪Independent t-Test results determined a significant difference between OHQ-SF scores according to the participants’ gender. MANOVA analysis result showed that the main effect of the gender variable on the sub-dimensions of LIS was significant, and there was a difference in all sub-dimensions. The main effect of marital status on the sub-dimensions of LIS was significant, while there was a positive and low-level relationship between age and OHQ-SF. Conclusions: ‪The levels of OHQ-SF, PFLS-25 and LIS differ depending on the individuals’ socio-demographic characteristics. Moreover, there was a positive and low level of relationship between OHQ-SF and PFLS-25 and LIS, and a positive and low level of correlation between PFLS-25.
The effect of the therapeutic recreation program for children with autistic spectrum disorder on their social skills
Authors: KOÇAK UYAROĞLU ARZU , ERTÜZÜN EZGI , TAŞ ARSLAN Fatma
Published: January 2022

Background: This study was carried out to reveal the effect of the recreational therapy program on the social skills of children with autistic spectrum disorder (ASD). Material and method: The study was conducted in a one group pre experimental design with a pre-test and a post-test. The data were collected through the Family Information Form and the Autism Social Skills Profile (ASSP) Scale. To evaluate the data, t-test was performed in dependent groups. Results: It was found that the difference between the pre-test and post-test mean scores for the Social Reciprocity and Social Participation/Avoidance sub-dimensions of the scale was statistically significant; while the difference between the pre-test and post-test mean scores for the Harmful Social Behaviors sub-dimension was not statistically significant. Conclusion: It has been observed that the recreational therapy program for children with ASD affected the social skills of children positively.
Rancang Bangun Alat Pembengkok Kawat Metal Jig
Authors: Muhammad Yunus  , Nanda Pranandita
Published: January 2022

An UMKM (micro, small and medium scale business) in the city of Pangkalpinang, Province of Kep. Bangka Belitung, with the trademark "kebajig Lure", produces metal jigs or artificial/fake bait made of metal. One of the problems in the process of making metal jigs at UMKM is bending the wire on the metal jig, because the bending process uses loop pliers which causes the wire to be made to be non-uniform (where 10 wires, below 50% of the wire deviates from tolerance) so that the stray wire must be repaired first before the metal jig molding process. In addition, the bending time of 1 piece of wire takes about 80 seconds. This study aims to accelerate the metal jig bending process and to obtain a uniform wire with a deviation of ± 0.2 mm. After conducting the survey and initial analysis, the making of tools for bending wire is the solution. In the process of making these tools, the VDI 2222 design method is used, starting from planning, conceptualizing, designing, and finally finishing. Then carried out the process of making tools and testing wire bending. The results of the experiments conducted showed that the uniformity level of the metal jig wire was around 70% and the time required in the 1-wire bending process was ± 10 seconds, with an efficiency of ± 70 seconds from the previous process. And in the metal jig molding process, the wire repaired before the molding process is only about 30%.
Analisa Matematis Hasil Biogas Dari Sampah Sayuran Berdasarkan Perbedaan Jumlah Bahan
Authors: Rhohman Fatkur , Nuryosuwito Nuryosuwito
Published: January 2022

Permasalahan sampah masih menjadi permasalahan yang perlu segera dicarikan solusinya. Salah satu jenis sampah yang mendominasi adalah sampah sayuran dalam rumah tangga. Dalam pengelolaan sampah sayuran rumah tangga, sebagian besar hanya dibuang saja. Hal tersebut bisa membuat polusi dalam jangka dekat. Walau dalam jangka Panjang ada keuntungan, yaitu bisa di jadikan pupuk organic. Salah satu solusi yang dilakukan adalah dilakukan proses fermentasi. Tujuannya untuk diperoleh biogas dari sampah-sampah tersebut. Proses fermentasi menggunakan sistem anaerob digester. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat persamaan matematis yang dihasilkan dari proses fermentasi. Perhitungan menggunakan rumus interpolasi kuadratik dan operasi menggunakan Teknik operasi baris elementer.  Variable bebas yang digunakan adalah jumlah sampah yang digunakan, yaitu 5 kg, 10 kg, dan 15 kg. Hasil dari proses fermentasi tersebut, diperoleh massa biogas berturut-turut 650 miligram, 825 miligram, dan 950 miligram. Setelah dilakukan perhitungan matematis, diperoleh persamaan perbandingan jumlah bahan baku terhadap biogas yang dihasilkan adalah (dalam satuan milligram).
Analisa Pengaruh Kecepatan Produksi Terhadap Gramatur Pembuatan Kertas
Authors: Prasetyo Ramadhani Alfian , Mahmudi Haris
Published: January 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh kecepatan dari gramatur terhadap proses pembuatan kertas. Penelitian ini penting kraena gramatur atau tebal berpengaruh kualitas kertas. Hal ini dikarenakan kualitas merupaka kunci utama produksi agar dipercaya konsumen. Data adalah data primer pada saat proses pembuatan kertas. Gramatur awal 125 gsm dan kecepatan awal 290 menit. Kemudia dilakukan pengujian perhitunga gramatur dan kecepatan yang menentukan kualitas kertas. Seperti berapa gramatur yang di perlukan untuk produksi kertas. Hasil yang didapat semakin tinggi gramatur semakin lambat kecepatan untuk produksi pada kertas dan jika semakin rendah gramatur kecepatan mesin akan semakin cepat , tapi akan ber pengaruh pada hasil produksi.