bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Completude das informações do registro hospitalar de câncer em um hospital de Florianópolis
Authors: Luz Clarissa Medeiros da , Deitos Julia , Siqueira Thais Cristina , Heck Ailime Perito Feiber
Published: August 2017

Introdução: O Registro Hospitalar de Câncer (RHC) é uma fonte sistemática de informação que visa ao aprimoramento do serviço prestado a todo paciente oncológico. Seus dados são essenciais para todos os profissionais que assistem ao paciente com neoplasia, uma vez que fornece informações sobre os procedimentos aplicados, permitindo elaborar o perfil de pacientes e direcionar a terapêutica a ser adotada. Objetivo: Avaliar a completude do preenchimento dos prontuários oncológicos da Maternidade Carmela Dutra nos anos de 2009 e 2010, com base nas variáveis do RHC. Métodos: Estudo descritivo exploratório, com dados de um banco secundário fornecido pelo RHC. Para análise dos prontuários foram utilizados pontos de corte identificando graus de incompletude de informações. Resultados: Dos 405 registros analisados, 8,9% estão na categoria ruim, 22,7% foram classificados como regular, 32,6% como bom e 35,8% na categoria excelente. Histórico familiar de câncer e etilismo permanece em grande parte dos casos ausentes nos prontuários. Conclusão: Evidencia-se a importância e a necessidade de melhoria dos registros médicos, com a estruturação de campos obrigatórios e a padronização do sistema de prontuários.
Existe associação entre os desconfortos no puerpério imediato e a via de parto? Um estudo observacional
Authors: Pereira Thalita Rodrigues Christovam , Montesano Fábio Tadeu , Ferreira Pryscilla Dieguez , Minozzi Andrea Simões , Beleza Ana Carolina Sartorato
Published: August 2017

Introdução: A via de parto pode ser um fator determinante para o desenvolvimento de desconfortos no puerpério imediato. Objetivo: Identificar os desconfortos referidos pelas mulheres no puerpério imediato e compará-los entre as submetidas ao parto vaginal e à cesárea. Métodos: Estudo analítico transversal desenvolvido em uma maternidade pública com levantamento de prontuários que continham informações da avaliação fisioterapêutica de puérperas atendidas no período de fevereiro a novembro de 2011. Resultados: Foram incluídos 346 prontuários neste estudo. Queixas do puerpério imediato: dor abdominal (31,5%), edema (19,1%), lombalgia (18,2%), cervicalgia (9,8%) e desconforto em membros inferiores (5,8%). Cesárea foi a via de parto que acarretou maior desconforto, relacionando-se à presença de dor abdominal (p=0,001), cervicalgia (p=0,017) e edema (p=0,017). Conclusão: Os achados sugerem que as mulheres que passam por cesárea estão vulneráveis à maior morbidade durante o puerpério imediato em comparação ao parto vaginal.
Importância clínica do músculo esternal e suas variações anatômicas: uma revisão sistemática da literatura
Authors: Oliveira Luana Agapito de , Quintana Hananiah Tardivo , Oliveira Flavia De
Published: August 2017

A presença do músculo esternal é uma variação anatômica que está situada anteriormente ao osso esterno e suas estruturas adjacentes e não tem função totalmente definida. Há na literatura mais relatos de estudos anatômicos sobre o músculo esternal do que sobre as implicações clínicas da sua presença. O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar as descrições existentes das variações anatômicas do músculo esternal, compreendendo, assim, a importância clínica desse conhecimento. Foram avaliados artigos nas línguas portuguesa e inglesa, indexados nas bases de dados PubMed e SciELO, publicados entre 1867 e 2016. Buscou-se verificar os tipos de variações anatômicas do músculo esternal descritas, suas origens e inserções, inervação e irrigação sanguínea. Em seguida, foi relatada a importância clínica do conhecimento dessa variação. O músculo esternal apresenta diversas dimensões e inserções, o que dificulta a determinação de sua função. Devido à localização paraesternal, em exames de imagem o referido músculo pode ser visto como uma nodulação anormal na região da mama e ser confundido com um tumor. O reconhecimento dessa variação antes de procedimentos cirúrgicos na parede torácica evita possíveis complicações e possibilita o uso do tecido como retalho muscular em cirurgias reconstrutivas da mama; também pode ser usado na melhora de resultados estéticos em mamoplastia de aumento ou fornecer cobertura extra para próteses. O conhecimento sobre essa variação anatômica é bastante relevante, pois a percepção da existência do músculo esternal e de suas variações relaciona-se a importantes implicações clínicas em cirurgias de mama e tórax.
Conhecimento dos acadêmicos e profissionais da fisioterapia sobre dor: uma revisão sistemática
Authors: Santos Alan Carlos Nery dos , Barbosa Monique Lima , Souza Anelize Gimenez de , Petto Jefferson
Published: August 2017

Estudos demonstram que acadêmicos e profissionais da fisioterapia apresentam limitações no conhecimento sobre diversos aspectos do tema “dor”. Isso pode implicar em abordagens inadequadas e em maior sofrimento dos pacientes. Assim, objetivou-se revisar estudos que investigaram o conhecimento de acadêmicos e profissionais da fisioterapia sobre dor, bem como os que propuseram estratégias para modificar tal conhecimento. Trata-se de uma revisão sistemática, e foram consultadas as bases de dados EBSCOhost, LILACS, PubMed, REDALYC e SciELO, por meio do cruzamento das palavras-chave: “pain”, “knowledge”, “education”, “curriculum”, “physical therapy specialty” e os seus correspondentes em português. Foram considerados elegíveis os estudos observacionais ou experimentais que analisaram o conhecimento sobre aspectos clínicos, fisiopatológicos e manejo da dor. Também foram elegíveis os que testaram estratégias para modificar o conhecimento sobre dor. A triagem pelos títulos e resumo resultou em 84 estudos. Contudo, apenas cinco foram incluídos. Esses analisaram o conhecimento sobre aspectos gerais da dor, sendo publicados entre 2003 e 2016. Apenas 60% dos estudos investigaram participantes da fisioterapia, sendo que 100% deles verificaram o conhecimento por meio de questionários autoaplicáveis. Quatro estudos utilizaram questionários validados. Somente 20% testaram estratégias para modificar o conhecimento sobre dor. Os resultados desta revisão indicam que o tema “dor” é abordado apenas como subtema complementar, o que, embora permita o aprendizado, não tem sido suficiente para garanti-lo. Profissionais da fisioterapia apresentam inconsistência entre o conhecimento teórico e os seus papeis no manuseio e na assistência humanizada da dor. Estratégias de ensino-aprendizagem ativas podem aprimorar o conhecimento acadêmico sobre dor.
Uso da corrente russa na reabilitação neurológica de paciente com traumatismo crânio encefálico: relato de caso
Authors: Castro Arley Ribeiro de , Angelo Rita di Cássia De Oliveira , Schwingel Paulo Adriano
Published: August 2017

Introdução: O traumatismo cranioencefálico (TCE) é qualquer agressão capaz de lesão anatômica ou comprometimento funcional do couro cabeludo, crânio, meninges ou encéfalo, que pode causar importantes perdas cognitivas e motoras. Os principais mecanismos de trauma são os acidentes automobilísticos, quedas e as agressões físicas e/ou lesões por arma de fogo. Este estudo objetivou relatar os efeitos de um protocolo de intervenção fisioterapêutica que inclui o uso da Corrente Russa (CR) na reabilitação de um paciente com TCE. Relato de caso: Paciente do sexo masculino, 26 anos, mecânico, etilista crônico, diagnóstico médico de TCE e hemiparesia esquerda desproporcionada com predominância no membro superior, dependente de cadeira de rodas. A avaliação fisioterapêutica foi constituída de aferição de sinais vitais, avaliação dos reflexos superficiais e tendinosos e do tônus muscular, goniometria e teste de força muscular específico. Após avaliação inicial foi aplicado um protocolo de intervenção fisioterapêutico constituído de exercícios terapêuticos e eletroestimulação com CR, com frequência de duas sessões semanais de 50 minutos de duração, por um período de 16 semanas, seguidas de reavaliação. Conclusão: O protocolo de intervenção aplicado contribuiu para a reabilitação funcional do paciente, verificado pelo ganho de amplitude de movimento das articulações do punho, cotovelo, tornozelo e joelho esquerdos; e aumento na graduação de força muscular dos flexores e extensores do punho e do cotovelo, flexores e extensores do joelho e tornozelo esquerdos. Além disso, a deambulação independente foi restituída,com retorno à atividade profissional.
Mobilidade internacional na graduação em medicina: relato de experiência
Authors: Ferreira Iago Gonçalves , Carreira Luciana Brandão , Botelho Nara Macedo
Published: August 2017

Introdução: A mobilidade acadêmica nas universidades apresenta-se como uma ferramenta para a internacionalização do ensino superior brasileiro, promovendo a inserção dos estudantes universitários em diferentes contextos culturais e educacionais, agregando tanto novos conhecimentos teóricos como habilidades sociais e linguísticas. Relato de experiência: Este artigo trata‑se de um relato de experiência de um estudante de medicina viabilizado pelo programa de mobilidade internacional Ciência Sem Fronteiras, realizado no curso de Promoção da Saúde do Waterford Institute of Technology, na cidade de Waterford, Irlanda, no período de setembro de 2014 a julho de 2015. O relato apresenta as atividades acadêmicas desenvolvidas na instituição, bem como analisa a contribuição dos programas de intercâmbio para a graduação médica. Conclusão: A mobilidade internacional pode representar um importante instrumento para a formação médica, pois estimula o amadurecimento profissional e pessoal dos estudantes, ao expô‑los a um cenário diferenciado, no qual são incitados a refletir sobre suas práticas e seu conhecimento, ao se deparar com o novo e o diferente. Tais contribuições podem representar o aprimoramento das habilidades médicas e humanísticas dos graduandos, configurando-se como um avanço para o ensino médico no Brasi.
Osteopathic Manipulative Treatment to Manage Ophthalmic Conditions
Authors: Sherman Tatyana , Qureshi Yasmin , Bach Austin
Published: August 2017

Although there is little evidence-based literature regarding osteopathic manipulative treatment for ophthalmic conditions, the general principles and techniques of osteopathic manipulative medicine can be used to manage various ophthalmic pathologic conditions. Additional research to support these treatment options and evaluate the role of OMT as a potential conservative treatment option used by ophthalmologists is needed.
DOSCHEDA: a web application for interactive chemoproteomics data analysis
Authors: Contrino Bruno , Miele Eric , Tomlinson Ronald , Castaldi M. Paola , Ricchiuto Piero
Published: August 2017

Background

Mass Spectrometry (MS) based chemoproteomics has recently become a main tool to identify and quantify cellular target protein interactions with ligands/drugs in drug discovery. The complexity associated with these new types of data requires scientists with a limited computational background to perform systematic data quality controls as well as to visualize the results derived from the analysis to enable rapid decision making. To date, there are no readily accessible platforms specifically designed for chemoproteomics data analysis.

Results

We developed a Shiny-based web application named DOSCHEDA (Down Stream Chemoproteomics Data Analysis) to assess the quality of chemoproteomics experiments, to filter peptide intensities based on linear correlations between replicates, and to perform statistical analysis based on the experimental design. In order to increase its accessibility, DOSCHEDA is designed to be used with minimal user input and it does not require programming knowledge. Typical inputs can be protein fold changes or peptide intensities obtained from Proteome Discover, MaxQuant or other similar software. DOSCHEDA aggregates results from bioinformatics analyses performed on the input dataset into a dynamic interface, it encompasses interactive graphics and enables customized output reports.

Conclusions

DOSCHEDA is implemented entirely in R language. It can be launched by any system with R installed, including Windows, Mac OS and Linux distributions. DOSCHEDA is hosted on a shiny-server athttps://doscheda.shinyapps.io/doschedaand is also available as a Bioconductor package (http://www.bioconductor.org/).
HLA-DRB1*01:03 and Severe Ulcerative Colitis
Authors: Vestergaard Marie Vibeke , Nøhr Anne Krogh , Allin Kristine Højgaard , Krarup Henrik , Larsen Lone , Sazonovs Aleksejs , Jess Tine
Published: October 2024

This Danish nationwide genome-wide association study aims to identify biomarkers of severe vs less severe ulcerative colitis.
Strained van der Waals Metallic Magnet for Photomagnetic Modulation and Spin Photodiode Application
Authors: Hu Liang , Liu Fuhao , Quan Qinglin , Lu Chenxi , Yu Senjiang , Li Lingwei
Published: October 2024

All‐optical magnetization reversal provides a low‐power approach for investigating spin state manipulation in 2D magnets. However, the ambient observation of photomagnetic coupling presents significant challenges due to the low Curie temperatures exhibited by most 2D magnets. Herein, a mixed‐dimensional heterostructure comprising a surface‐oxidized Fe3GeTe2 nanosheet with enhanced magnetic properties and individual semiconducting ZnO nanorod is proposed to explore proximity photomagnetic modulation and spin‐enhanced photodetection behaviors. The surface curvature of ZnO nanorod induces pronounced strains for Fe3GeTe2 nanosheet, leading to its anomalous Raman polarization and spin ordering at room temperature. Strain‐activated itinerant spin electrons are immobilized on the O‐2p orbitals of adjacent ZnO, thereby facilitating the optical demagnetization process in Fe3GeTe2 without aid of magnetic field. First‐principles calculations together with in situ characterization experiments further confirm that the primary charge transfer channel involves coupling between Fe3+ and oxygen vacancy defects anchored at heterointerfaces. The rapid establishment of magnetization by illumination in ZnO nanorod contributes to spin‐tunneling‐enhanced photocurrent, device response dynamics, polarization detection and ultraviolet imaging capability. These findings offer valuable insights to optimize the optoelectronic properties of conventional semiconductors and advance complex dimensional spin‐optoelectronic devices.
Reshaping Immunosuppressive Tumor Microenvironment Using Ferroptosis/Cuproptosis Nanosensitizers for Enhanced Radioimmunotherapy
Authors: He Chenxi , Zhu Nan , Chen Ying , Zheng Yinfei , Chen Siwen , Wu Zede , Zheng Shuting , Hu Honglei , Qi Li , Hou Meirong , Shen Zheyu , Zhao Bingxia , Guo Weihong , Yan Chenggong
Published: October 2024

Radiotherapy, a traditional cancer treatment, not only controls local tumor growth but also potentially induces immunogenic cell death, initiating systemic immune responses. However, radiotherapy resistance and immunosuppressive tumor microenvironments often limit the potency of radiation‐induced anti‐tumor immune responses, rendering them insufficient for clinical applications. Consequently, trimetallic nanoparticles are constructed with dual enzymatic activity, AuBiCu‐distearoyl phosphoethanolamine‐PEG nanoparticles (AuBiCu‐PEG NPs), to synergistically improve radiotherapy resistance through X‐ray deposition, hypoxia alleviation, and ferroptosis and cuproptosis induction. This approach promotes radiotherapy‐induced immunogenic cell death and boosts anti‐tumor immune responses. Furthermore, AuBiCu‐PEG NPs effectively reversed radiation‐induced upregulation of programmed cell death 1 ligand 1 (PD‐L1), inhibit tumor immune evasion, and reshaped the immune microenvironment. Non‐invasive and real‐time longitudinal monitoring of nanoparticle accumulation in tumors can be achieved using spectral computed tomography (CT) and photoacoustic (PA) imaging. In summary, the designed AuBiCu‐PEG NPs serve as promising nanoplatforms for immune microenvironment remodeling and can be used in multimodal molecular imaging‐guided ferroptosis‐cuproptosis‐enhanced radiotherapy.
Regional Electron Delocalization Regulation Internalizes the Reduced‐Order‐Transformation of Polysulfides
Authors: Li Keke , Li Tong , Wang Zhengyi , Shi Kaixiang , Sun Yajie , Li Junhao , Ren Jie , Lu Anbang , Li Xu , Liu Quanbing
Published: October 2024

The step‐order or disproportionation conversion of lithium polysulfides (LiPSs) is still a blind box in LiS batteries (LSBs) system. The cation‐doped electrocatalyst (Fe‐CoS2@HCNF) is designed through modulating electron‐surrounding situation of the central atomic d‐band to promote regional electron‐directed LiPSs reduced‐order‐transformation (especially, Li2S4Li2S). Fe‐CoS2@HCNF satisfies the requirement of mass (electron/ion) transfer reaction, quantizing as multi‐osmosis‐connected transportation channels and an all‐encompassing interior space for sulfur reduction occurring. Based on experiments and DFT calculations, the introduced Fe presents a local electron deficiency state toward regulating regional electron delocalization between Fe and Co matrix, which induces the d‐band state of the metal site, strengthening the metal 3d orbital coupling interaction with S2−of LiPSs, further guiding the order‐transformation of intermediate LiPSs. Consequently, the Fe‐CoS2@HCNF electrode has excellent electrochemical properties, performing at 3.0 C with 0.064 % capacity decay per cycle, and even maintaining super cycle stability at a high sulfur loadings. In addition, the pouch cell assembled can also reach an initial specific capacity of 1070.3 mAh g−1 at 0.1 C, which can still show good long‐term cycle stability. This work provides a valuable prospect for analyzing SRR intermediate state by regional electron flow regulation of electrocatalyst in practical LSBs.
Precisely Engineering a ROS‐Regulatable Decellularized Matrix to Rejuvenate Endogenous Repair for Heart Valve Remodeling in Diabetic Cohort
Authors: Guo Gaoyang , Zhao Zhiyu , Du Xingzhuang , Yang Fan , Wang Yunbing
Published: October 2024

The reconstruction of a heart valve through in situ tissue engineering remains a formidable challenge, particularly for patients with diabetes mellitus, because the pathophysiological alterations associated with diabetes substantially impair the cardiovascular system's intrinsic repair capacity. In this study, reactive oxygen species (ROS) regulation are integrated into the fabrication of pro‐endothelialization interfaces to counteract the adverse repair environment. Specifically, a heparin‐mimicking alginate‐derived glycopeptide and the natural ROS scavenger melanin are modified onto the surface of a decellularized extracellular matrix (dECM). This tailored interface significantly enhances endothelial cell (EC) adhesion while reducing platelet adhesion. The incorporation of melanin effectively suppresses ROS elevation in ECs and macrophages under hyperglycemic conditions. Consequently, this intervention promotes EC rejuvenation by enhancing proliferation, migration, and anti‐apoptotic capabilities, while concurrently attenuating the release of inflammatory and pro‐fibrotic factors by macrophages. The dECM is intravascularly implanted in a diabetic rabbit model after being fabricated into a covered stent, demonstrating favorable remodeling characteristics such as enhanced endothelialization and reduced fibrotic deposition. This scaffold design, specifically tailored to the pathological conditions of diabetes, offers a precise biomaterial strategy for in situ heart valve tissue engineering.
A Soft Mimic Robotic Arm Powered by Dielectric Elastomer Actuator
Authors: Wang Yuhao , Wu Wenju , Li Shushan , Jiang Yingjie , Zang Wenpeng , Fu Wenhan , Hao Xuesong , Ning Nanying , Tian Ming , Zhang Liqun
Published: October 2024

Given the great importance of human‐robot collaboration (HRC), the development of robotic arms tends to prioritize high flexibility, safety as well as low energy consumption. Dielectric elastomer actuators (DEAs), with their high energy density and lightweight characteristics, present a promising alternative for the design of soft robotic arms suitable for HRC setting. Hence, a soft mimic robotic arm powered by dual cone DEA (DCDEA) driver unit is developed that demonstrates high energy density and low energy consumption. The resultant elaborate DCDEA driver unit exhibits a significant bi‐direction actuation stroke with a high load‐to‐weight ratio up to 1,300, ensuring sufficient mechanical power output for powering the robotic arm. The well‐designed efficient transmission mechanism and control system together with DCDEA allow the robotic arm to conduct lifting and twisting action, mimicking the movements of a human arm. During the transportation of a 10 g weight, the robotic arm consumes only ≈35 mJ of energy, while achieving an energy density of 42.1 J kg−1. Encased in soft outer shells, the robotic arm displays full flexibility, high safety, and excellent impact resistance, underscoring its potential as a next‐generation soft robotic arm for HRC setting.
A Cooperative and Multifunctional Magnetic Continuum Robot for Noninteractive Access, Dexterous Navigation, and Versatile Manipulation
Authors: Yang Peng , Mao Liyang , Tian Chenyao , Meng Xianghe , Xie Hui
Published: October 2024

Soft continuum robots can navigate through narrow and tortuous lumina. However, its interactions with the lumina during steering pose a risk of luminal injuries, especially if it integrates multifunctional units, which increase both the robot's size and local stiffness. Therefore, a continuum robot comprising coaxially assembled Guider and Follower components is designed that utilize phase change materials for noninteractive navigation and versatile manipulation. Navigation occurs through alternating softening‐hardening cycles: First, the Guider softens and advances under magnetic steering while the rigid Follower provides support. Then, the Guider solidifies to form a new backbone as the Follower softens to replicate its path. This process maintains structural integrity while enabling navigation along desired trajectories, thereby greatly reducing interactions with the lumen. To further accomplish complex tasks in large and open spaces, a continuum robot system with a triple‐individual Guider is developed in which the multi‐degree‐of‐freedom movement of the individuals is precisely and sequentially controlled through segmented stiffness regulation. This configuration achieves versatile manipulation, including targeted delivery, precision coating, grasping, and obstacle clearing in complex environments. Combining cooperative movement and diverse functionalities, this continuum robot design offers a new approach to dexterous navigation and intervention in minimally invasive surgical procedures.
Phototheranostic LPP‐QDs‐IR‐820 Nanocomposites for Specific NIR‐II Imaging of Lymphatic and Photothermal Therapy of Cervical Tumors
Authors: Zhu Lijun , Du Zhong , Xiong Jiabao , Li Hui , Zhang Chi , Zhang Xueliang , Alifu Nuernisha , Dong Biao
Published: October 2024

Precise theranostics of tumors is intricately linked to the early detection and monitoring of lymph nodes (LN) and metastases, making the targeted localization of LNs essential for tumor identification. However, designing LN‐targeting probes remains a significant challenge due to issues such as lymphatic uptake, biocompatibility, and fluorescence stability. To address these challenges, near‐infrared II (NIR‐II) fluorescence probes are developed through meticulous analysis of LN physiological structure and passive targeting strategy for LN detection and tumor therapy. An LPP‐QDs‐IR‐820 nanocomposite (NCs) is engineered, comprising the IR‐820 molecules and ultrabright PbS@CdS quantum dots (QDs), which are encapsulated within a liposome‐SH‐mPEG2000 polymer matrix. These NCs demonstrates remarkable lymphatic enrichment, facilitating real‐time tracking of LN via electrostatic repulsion and extracellular matrix effects. Importantly, the NCs exhibit negligible in vivo toxicity and high biocompatibility. The intense NIR‐II fluorescence emissions of IR‐820 and PbS@CdS QDs confer upon the NCs a high NIR‐II fluorescence quantum yield (6%). The cervical tumors and their deep microvessels are clearly observed via NIR‐II fluorescence imaging. Moreover, the photothermal properties of IR‐820 enable the NCs to achieve a photothermal conversion efficiency of 36.56%, leading to effective photothermal therapy in cervical tumor mice.
NIR‐Actuated Botanicals/Nanozymes Nanofibrous Membranes for Antibiotic‐Free Triple‐Synergistic Therapy Against Polymicrobial Wound Infections
Authors: Dong Kai , Lin Wenbo , Zhu Tianyu , Sun Shuwen , Zhang Chenhao , Xu Chen , Cao Fangfang , Chen Xiaoyuan
Published: October 2024

Polymicrobial wound infection represents a significant contributor to infectious disease‐related morbidity and mortality globally. Traditionally, the management of such infection relies heavily on high doses of antibiotics, often resulting in systemic side effects and exacerbating antibiotic resistance. Consequently, there is an urgent need to develop a safe and effective platform for antibiotic‐free treatment of polymicrobial wound infections. In this study, a near‐infrared (NIR) light‐actuated nanofibrous membrane incorporating botanicals and nanozymes is presented for antibiotic‐free triple‐synergistic therapy against polymicrobial wound infections. The membrane integrates berberine hydrochloride (BBH)‐loaded hollow zinc‐doped carbon nanocubes into polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) nanofibrous membranes. Upon low‐intensity 808 nm NIR laser irradiation (0.3 W cm−2), the membrane achieved a controlled release of BBH and enhanced peroxidase‐like (POD‐like) enzyme activity. This NIR light‐actuated botanical/photothermal therapy (PTT)/chemodynamic therapy (CDT) system demonstrated high efficacy in eradicating methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa both in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, it mitigated inflammation and promoted wound healing in polymicrobial infection wounds, highlighting its potential as a promising alternative to antibiotic‐based therapies.
Force versus Response: Methods for Activating and Characterizing Mechanosensitive Ion Channels and GPCRs
Authors: Roeterink Renate M. A. , Casadevall i Solvas Xevi , Collins David J. , Scott Daniel J.
Published: October 2024

Mechanotransduction is the process whereby cells convert mechanical signals into electrochemical responses, where mechanosensitive proteins mediate this interaction. To characterize these critical proteins, numerous techniques have been developed that apply forces and measure the subsequent cellular responses. While these approaches have given insight into specific aspects of many such proteins, subsequent validation and cross‐comparison between techniques remain difficult given significant variations in reported activation thresholds and responses for the same protein across different studies. Accurately determining mechanosensitivity responses for various proteins, however, is essential for understanding mechanotransduction and potential physiological implications, including therapeutics. This critical review provides an assessment of current and emerging approaches used for mechanosensitive ion channel and G‐Coupled Receptors (GPCRs) stimulation and measurement, with a specific focus on the ability to quantitatively measure mechanosensitive responses.
Amorphous to Crystalline Transition in Nanoimprinted Sol–Gel Titanium Oxide Metasurfaces
Authors: Kim Joohoon , Kim Wonjoong , Choi Minseok , Park Yujin , Kang Dohyun , Lee Eunji , Park Chanwoong , Sung Hansang , Lee Heon , Rho Junsuk
Published: October 2024

Crystalline titanium dioxide (TiO2) (anatase and rutile) possesses a higher refractive index than amorphous TiO2 and near‐zero absorption in the visible region, making them an ideal material for visible metasurfaces. However, fabrication limitations hinder their implementation into flat optics. In this work, a wafer‐scale manufacturing platform is proposed for crystalline TiO2 metasurfaces. Sol–gel TiO2 is developed as a printable material in which its material phase can be precisely controlled to produce amorphous, anatase, or rutile, depending on the crystallization temperature. Therefore, anatase or rutile metalenses can be fabricated on a wafer scale using thermal nanoimprint lithography and sintering process. The high refractive index of the crystalline TiO2 contributes to the enhanced conversion efficiency of the fabricated metalenses. The fabricated metalenses exhibit diffraction‐limited focusing and imaging capabilities, comparable to the theoretically ideal lenses.
Peripheral Substitution Engineering of MR‐TADF Emitters Embedded With B‒N Covalent Bond Towards Efficient BT.2020 Blue Electroluminescence
Authors: Wan Danrui , Zhou Jianping , Yang Ying , Meng Guoyun , Zhang Dongdong , Duan Lian , Ding Junqiao
Published: October 2024

Compared with the classical boron/nitrogen (B/N) doped ones, multiple‐resonance thermally activated delayed fluorescence (MR‐TADF) emitters embedded with B–N covalent bond behave a significantly blue‐shifted narrowband TADF, and thus show a greater potential in ultrapure blue organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs). As a proof of concept, herein a peripheral substitution engineering is demonstrated based on such a B‒N embedded parent core. The simple approach is found to ensure easy synthesis via a one‐pot lithium‐free borylation‐annulation, manipulate the excited states through different electronic coupling between core and substituent, and introduce the steric hindrance to minimize the unwanted spectral broadening. Impressively, ultrapure blue OLEDs are realized to give a high external quantum efficiency of 20.3% together with Commission Internationale de l’Éclairage coordinates of (0.152, 0.046). The performance is well competent with those of B/N doped MR‐TADF emitters, clearly highlighting that the B‒N embedded framework is a novel promising paradigm towards efficient BT.2020 blue standard.
Hetero‐Nucleation Induced [111]‐Oriented Mixed Halide Perovskite for Stable Pure Red Light‐Emitting Diodes
Authors: Song Yong‐Hui , Tai Xiao‐Lin , Ding Guan‐Jie , Ma Zhen‐Yu , Hao Jing‐Ming , Song Kuang‐Hui , Hu Ya‐Lan , Li Shikuo , Lin Yue , Yao Hong‐Bin
Published: October 2024

Mixed halide 3D perovskites are promising for bright, efficient, and wide‐color gamut light‐emitting diodes (LEDs) due to their excellent carrier transport, high luminescence, and easily tunable bandgaps. However, serious halide ion migration inside mixed halide 3D perovskite results in poor operational and spectral stability of the as‐fabricated LEDs. Here, a hetero‐nucleation crystallization strategy is reported to grow [111]‐orientation preferred mixed halide 3D perovskite CsPbI3‐xBrx thin films for stable pure red LEDs. This hetero‐nucleation crystallization is enabled by the addition of phosphoric acid (H3PO4) complexation, which promotes the growth of small perovskite grains into large grains with uniform [111]‐orientation. The obtained [111]‐orientation preferred film exhibits excellent stability under light or electric field stimulus as revealed by model analysis and experimental results compared to that of [001]‐orientation preferred film. Thus, based on the [111]‐orientation preferred film, the fabricated LED exhibits an external quantum efficiency of 22.8%, a maximum brightness of 12 000 cd m−2, and a half‐life time of 4080 min under 1.5 mA cm−2. More importantly, the electroluminescence spectrum of the device remains stable during the continuous operation of 4080 min, showcasing the significant spectral stability improvement enabled by the hetero‐nucleation induced [111]‐orientation strategy.
Space‐ and Time‐resolved Emission Features of Micro‐ and Nano‐sized Perylene‐based Zr Metal‐Organic Frameworks
Authors: Romero‐Muñiz Ignacio , García‐Calvo José , Romero‐Muñiz Carlos , San‐Miguel David Rodríguez , Torres Tomás , Zamora Félix , Bottari Giovanni
Published: October 2024

While many photoresponsive metal‒organic frameworks (MOFs) have been reported to date, finding applications in several technologically relevant fields such as photocatalysis, sensors, and light‐emitting devices, significantly scarcer are the reports addressing the relationship between the MOFs emissive features and their crystalline domain size (i.e., micro‐ and nano‐sized materials). Herein, a valuable contribution is offered to this issue which consists of the use of reticular chemistry to prepare a Zr‐MOF featuring spatially separated tetracarboxylated‐functionalized perylenes as ligand. Single crystal X‐ray analysis of such Zr‐MOF revealed the formation of micro‐ and meso‐porous channels. The perylene‐based Zr‐MOF exhibited notable optoelectronic features, including a relatively small optical bandgap of 1.82 eV and emission features different from that of the constituting perylene ligand in the solid state. Additionally, local probe techniques are used to unveil the emission properties of isolated Zr‐MOF crystals. Space‐ and time‐resolved fluorescence studies revealed a strong dependence of the emissive features of the Zr‐MOF, both in terms of its intensity and lifetime, to the crystalline domain size.
Organocatalytic Dearomatization of β‐Naphthols through a 1,6‐Conjugated Addition of Alkynyl 7‐Methylene‐7H‐indoles Formed In Situ
Authors: Kang Shengfu , Liu Xiaohong , Zhang Yi , Fang Fang , Li Wenjun , Li Pengfei
Published: October 2024

Organocatalytic dearomatization of β‐naphthols has been achieved via a 1,6‐conjugated addition of 2‐naphthols to alkynyl 7‐methylene‐7H‐indoles in situ generated from α‐(7‐indolyl)methanols. In the presence of racemic phosphoric acid, a series of tetrasubstituted allenes was obtained in high yields. Particularly, with the aid of chiral phosphoric acid, asymmetric dearomatization of β‐naphthols was investigated, affording axially chiral tetrasubstituted allenes with moderate enantioselectivity.
Synthesis, Structure, and Electrochemistry of Crystallized Layered Chlorides, LiMCl6 (M = Ta/Nb)
Authors: Chaupatnaik Anshuman , Rousse Gwenaëlle , Perez Arnaud J. , Morozov Anatolii V. , Elkaïm Erik , Avdeev Maxim , Abakumov Artem M. , Tarascon Jean‐Marie
Published: October 2024

A suitable solid electrolyte can turn the long‐standing dream of a safe commercial all‐solid‐statebattery into reality in the same way as appropriate liquid electrolytes kickstarted the first commercial lithium‐ion battery. Presently, halide‐based electrolytes despite their reactivity with lithium metal are extensively studied as they offer better processability, malleability, oxidative stability, and safety over sulfide‐based electrolytes. Particularly, LiMCl6 (M = Ta/Nb) chloride‐based amorphous electrolytes are generating widespread interest with their high conductivities, comparable to liquid electrolytes. In this context, with synchrotron X‐ray and neutron powder diffraction techniques, well‐crystallized triclinic layered LiMCl6 (M = Ta/Nb) chlorides with an hcp AB‐type stacking of chloride ions is reported. The hexagonally ordered NbCl6 octahedra share edges with LiCl6 octahedra forming a honeycomb pattern, whereas Li+ is intermixed with M5+ for M = Ta. Furthermore, it is found that crystalline LiTaCl6 has an ionic conductivity of ≈10−5 mS cm−1, six orders of magnitude lower than that reported for superionic amorphous LiTaCl6. Nevertheless, crystalline LiTaCl6 is utilized as an intercalation compound in an all‐solid‐state‐battery, uncovering a solid‐solution/two‐phase/conversion pathway for lithium‐insertion during the three distinct redox plateaus below 3 V versus Li+/Li°. Broadly, the findings give insights into the structure, ionic conduction, and intercalation in a new family of layered halides.
Copper‐infused zinc porphyrin supramolecular polymersomes for triple synergistic combat against wound bacterial biofilm infections
Authors: Yang Lingkai , Du Ying , Yin Fuli , Shan Haojie , Liu Yannan , Zhou Yongfeng , Yu Xiaowei
Published: October 2024

Bacterial biofilm infections (BBI) on wound surfaces and implants pose a significant clinical challenge due to the impermeable nature of biofilms and obstacles in tissue repair. Traditional photothermal therapy (PTT) or chemodynamic therapy (CDT), whether used alone or in combination, often causes damage to surrounding normal tissues from high operating temperatures or elevated levels of reactive oxygen species, leading to unsatisfactory anti‐biofilm effects. This study introduces a novel copper ions loaded zinc porphyrin polymer vesicle (Cu‐PPS) that employs a triple synergistic approach involving PTT, CDT, and bacterial cuproptosis‐like death (BCD). Cu‐PPS exhibits exceptional photothermal efficiency of 51.06%, promoting the release of copper ions under photothermal stimulation, enhancing CDT and BCD effectiveness, and facilitating mature biofilm clearance and tissue repair. This approach achieves a bactericidal rate exceeding 99% and an anti‐biofilm rate of 93.32% in vitro and also excellent efficacy in treating BBI in vivo. This study presents an innovative therapeutic strategy for combating biofilm infections, addressing the challenges encountered in the clinical management of BBI.
Efficacy and safety of omalizumab combined with allergen immunotherapy in children with moderate to severe allergic asthma
Authors: Shen Wenxin , Zhou Qianlan , Zhang Qinzhen , Han Lina , Chen Li , Li Xiaowen , Dai Bing , Liu Si , Shan Lishen
Published: October 2024

Key points

Omalizumab enables children who are intolerant to AIT to initiate AIT successfully.

Combination therapy better improves asthma and rhinitis symptoms, FeNO, and lung function compared to single SCIT or omalizumab treatment.

Combination therapy reduces the incidence of adverse reactions during the initial phase of SCIT and enhances its safety.
The Acetylene Bridge in Intramolecular Singlet Fission: A Boon or A Nuisance?
Authors: Majumder Kanad , Mukherjee Soham , Park Jungjin , Kim Woojae , Musser Andrew J. , Patil Satish
Published: October 2024

Various analogues of the alkylsilylacetylene group are frequently used as auxiliary groups to enhance the solubility and stability of the acene dimer core, widely used as platforms to investigate intramolecular singlet fission (iSF) mechanisms. However, while in the 2,2’‐linked dimers they are primarily auxiliary groups, these are essential fragments of the bridging units in 6,6’/5,5’‐linked dimers, the two preferred choices for dimerization. The starkly different iSF dynamics observed in the two variants raise the question of what role the acetylene bridges play. Here, we systematically designed a set of (oligo−)para‐phenylene bridged 2,2’‐linked pentacene dimers with an additional acetylene fragment in the bridging unit to mimic the structure of 6,6’‐linked dimers. Contrasting the results with previously reported analogous 2,2’‐linked and 6,6’‐linked pentacene dimers reveals that the acetylene bridges contribute to significant conformational freedom. This effect provides a mechanism to promote spin evolution within the triplet pair to achieve free triplets but also offers new parasitic pathways for triplet‐pair recombination, revealing that this structural motif can be both a boon and a nuisance. Additionally, our analysis reveals that these bridges directly modify the electronic states, highlighting significant pitfalls of the standard chromophore‐bridge‐chromophore framework used to design and interpret photophysics of iSF materials.
Contrasting Historical and Physical Perspectives in Asymmetric Catalysis: ΔΔG≠ versus Enantiomeric Excess
Authors: Ruth Marcel , Gensch Tobias , Schreiner Peter R.
Published: October 2024

With the rise of machine learning (ML), the modeling of chemical systems has reached a new era and has the potential to revolutionize how we understand and predict chemical reactions. Here, we probe the historic dependence on utilizing enantiomeric excess (ee) as a target variable and discuss the benefits of using relative Gibbs free activation energies (ΔΔG≠), grounded firmly in transition‐state theory, emphasizing practical benefits for chemists. This perspective is intended to discuss best practices that enhance modeling efforts especially for chemists with an experimental background in asymmetric catalysis that wish to explore modelling of their data. We outline the enhanced modeling performance using ΔΔG≠, escaping physical limitations, addressing temperature effects, managing non‐linear error propagation, adjusting for data distributions and how to deal with unphysical predictions,in order to streamline modeling for the practical chemist and provide simple guidelines to strong statistical tools. For this endeavor, we gathered ten datasets from the literature covering very different reaction types. We evaluated the datasets using fingerprint‐, descriptor‐, and graph neural network‐based models. Our results highlight the distinction in performance among varying model complexities with respect to the target representation, emphasizing practical benefits for chemists.
Spatially Controlled DNA Frameworks for Sensitive Detection and Specific Isolation of Tumor Cells
Authors: Luo Lei , Li Jiaojiao , Zhou Yuan , Xiang Dongliu , Luan Yanan , Wang Qing , Huang Jin , Liu Jianbo , Yang Xiaohai , Wang Kemin
Published: October 2024

High‐affinity, specific, and sensitive probes are crucial for the specific recognition and identification of tumor cells from complex matrices. Multivalent binding is a powerful strategy, but the irrational spatial distribution of the functional moieties may reduce the probe performance. Here, we constructed a Janus DNA triangular prism nanostructure (3Zy1‐JTP‐3) for sensitive detection and specific isolation of tumor cells. Benefiting from spatial features of the triangular prism, the fluorescence intensity induced by 3Zy1‐JTP‐3 was almost 4 times that of the monovalent structure. Moreover, the DNA triangular prisms were connected to form hand‐in‐hand multivalent DNA triangular prism structures (Zy1‐MTP), in which the fluorescence intensity and affinity were increased to 9‐fold and 10‐fold of 3Zy1‐JTP‐3, respectively. Furthermore, 3Zy1‐JTP‐3 and Zy1‐MTP were combined with magnetic beads, and the latter showed higher capture efficiency (>90 %) in whole blood. This work provides a new strategy for the efficient capture of rare cells in complex biological samples.
Dual Redox Reactions of Silver Hexacyanoferrate Prussian Blue Analogue Enable Superior Electrochemical Performance for Zinc‐ion Storage**
Authors: Wang Liubin , Liu Ningbo , Li Qiaqia , Wang Xiaohan , Liu Jing , Xu Yinuo , Luo Zhiqiang , Zhang Ning , Li Fujun
Published: October 2024

Prussian blue analogues (PBAs) have been employed as host materials of aqueous zinc‐ion batteries (ZIBs), however, they suffer from low capacity and poor cycling stability due to limited electron transfer and the presence of interstitial water in PBAs. Herein, a vacancy and water‐free silver hexacyanoferrate K0.95Ag3.05Fe(CN)6 (AgHCF‐3) was synthesized by adjusting the ratio of K and Ag in the framework. It offers nearly four electrons involving two sequential redox reactions, namely, Fe3+/Fe2+ and Ag+/Ag0, to deliver a large capacity of 179.6 mAh g−1 at 20 mA g−1 with Coulomb efficiency of ~100 %. The Zn//AgHCF‐3 cell delivers an estimated energy density of 200 Wh kg−1, surpassing reported PBAs‐based ZIBs. The formation of Ag0 in the cycling process merits favorable rate performance of AgHCF‐3 (156.4 mAh g−1 at 200 mA g−1 with 80.3 % capacity retention after 100 cycles). This investigation paves new pathways for high‐capacity PBA cathodes.
Energy Dissipation and Toughening of Covalent Networks via a Sacrificial Conformation Approach
Authors: Wang Hao , Wei Zhiyou , Liu Zhiwei , Zheng Bin , Zhang Zhaoming , Yan Xuzhou , He Linli , Li Tao , Zhao Dong
Published: October 2024

Covalent polymer networks find wide utility in diverse engineering applications owing to their desirable stiffness and resilience. However, the rigid covalent chemical structure between crosslinking points imposes limitations on enhancing their toughness. Although the incorporation of sacrificial chemical bonds has shown promise in improving toughness through energy dissipation, composite networks struggle to maintain both rapid recovery and stiffness. Consequently, a significant challenge persists in achieving a covalent network that combines high strength, stiffness, toughness, and fast recovery performance. To address this challenge, we propose a novel sacrificial structure termed “sacrificial conformation.” In this approach, β‐cyclodextrin is covalently embedded into the network skeleton as the sacrificial conformation element. Compared to traditional covalent networks (LCN), well‐designed cyclodextrin‐embedded covalent network (CCN) exhibit a 100‐fold increase in Young's modulus and a 60‐fold increase in toughness. Importantly, CCN maintains excellent elasticity, ensuring swift recovery after deformation. This sacrificial conformational strategy enables efficient energy dissipation without necessitating the rupture of chemical bonds, thereby overcoming the limitations of traditional approaches. This advancement holds great promise for the design and fabrication of advanced elastomers and hydrogels with superior mechanical properties and dynamic behavior.
2,2′‐Bipyridyl‐4,4′‐Dicarboxylic Acid Modified Buried Interface of High‐Performance Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Zhao Mingming , Gu Wei‐Min , Jiang Ke‐Jian , Jiao Xinning , Gong Kun , Li Fengzhu , Zhou Xueqin , Song Yanlin
Published: October 2024

The regulation of interfaces remains a critical and challenging aspect in the pursuit of highly efficient and stable perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Here, 2,2′‐bipyridyl‐4,4′‐dicarboxylic acid (HBPDC) is incorporated as an interfacial layer between SnO2 and perovskite layers in PSCs. The two carboxylic acid moieties on HBPDC bind to SnO2 through esterification, while its nitrogen atoms, possessing lone electron pairs, interact with uncoordinated lead (Pb2+) atoms through Lewis acid‐base interactions. This dual functionality enables simultaneous passivation of surface defects on both the SnO2 and buried perovskite layers. In addition, the electron‐deficient nature of HBPDC enhances interfacial energy band alignment and facilitates electron transfer from the perovskite to SnO2. Furthermore, the incorporation of HBPDC strengthens the interfacial adhesion, improving mechanical reliability. As a result, the PSCs exhibited an impressive power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 25.41 % under standard AM 1.5G conditions, along with remarkable environmental stability.