bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The p66Shc protein mediates insulin resistance and secretory dysfunction in pancreatic beta-cells under lipotoxic conditions
Authors: Biondi Giuseppina , Marrano Nicola , Dipaola Lucia , Borrelli Anna , Rella Martina , D’Oria Rossella , Genchi Valentina A. , Caccioppoli Cristina , Porreca Immacolata , Cignarelli Angelo , Perrini Sebastio , Marchetti Piero , Vincenti Leonardo , Laviola Luigi , Giorgino Francesco , Natalicchio Annalisa
Published: July 2022

 We evaluated the role of the p66Shc redox adaptor protein in pancreatic beta-cell insulin resistance that develops under lipotoxic conditions and with excess body fat. Prolonged exposure to palmitate in vitro or the presence of overweight/obesity augmented p66Shc expression levels and caused an impaired ability of exogenous insulin to increase cellular insulin content and secreted C-peptide levels in INS-1E cells and human and murine islets. In INS-1E cells, p66Shc knockdown resulted in enhanced insulin-induced augmentation of insulin content and C-peptide secretion and prevented the ability of palmitate to impair these effects of insulin. Conversely, p66Shc overexpression impaired insulin-induced augmentation of insulin content and C-peptide secretion both in the absence and presence of palmitate. Under lipotoxic condition, the effects of p66Shc are mediated by p53-induced increase in p66Shc protein levels and JNK-induced p66Shc phosphorylation at Ser36 and appear to involve the phosphorylation of the ribosomal protein S6 kinase at Thr389 and of insulin receptor substrate-1 at Ser307, resulting in the inhibition of insulin-stimulated protein kinase b phosphorylation at Ser473. Thus, the p66Shc protein mediates the impaired beta-cell function and insulin resistance induced by saturated fatty acids and excess body fat. 
Activities and participation after primary total hip arthroplasty; posterolateral versus direct anterior approach in 860 patients
Authors: Latijnhouwers Daisy A J M , Laas Niels , Verdegaal Suzan H M , Nelissen Rob G H H , Vliet Vlieland Thea P M , Kaptijn Herman H , Gademan Maaike G J
Published: July 2022

Background and purpose: In the past decade, a shift occurred in surgical total hip arthroplasty (THA) approaches to the posterolateral (PLA) and direct anterior approach (DAA). Comparisons of postoperative activities and participation between surgical approaches for THA are sparse. We therefore investigated the association between PLA and DAA for THA regarding the construct “activity and participation” (ICF model) during the first postoperative year.Patients and methods: This was an observational cohort study on osteoarthritis patients scheduled for primary THA in 2 hospitals. Questionnaires to assess the ICF domain “activity and participation” were completed preoperatively, and 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively (HOOS Activities of daily living (ADL) and Sport and Recreation Function (SR), Hospital for Special Surgery Hip Replacement Expectations Survey, and questions regarding return to work). Each hospital exclusively performed one approach (PLA [Alloclassic-Zweymüller stem] or DAA [Taperloc Complete stem]) for uncemented THA. Hospital was included as instrumental variable, thereby addressing bias by (un)measured confounders. Adjusted mixed-effect models were used, stratified by employment.Results: Total population: 238 PLA (24% employed) and 622 DAA (26% employed) patients. At 12 months, the PLA group had a lower ADL score (–7, 95% CI –12 to –2 points). At 6 months, significantly fewer PLA patients had fulfillment of the expectation sports-performance (OR = 0.3, CI 0.2–0.7]. Other outcomes were comparable.Employed population: At 6 and 12 months, PLA patients scored clinically lower on ADL (respectively –10, CI –19 to 0 and –9, CI –19 to 0 points) and SR (respectively –13, CI –21 to –4 and –9, CI –18 to –1 points). At 6 months, fewer PLA patients fulfilled the expectation joining recreational activities (OR = 0.2, CI 0.1–0.7]. Fulfillment of other expectations was comparable between groups. PLA patients less often returned to work within 3 months (31% vs. 45%), but rates were comparable at 12 months (86% vs. 87%).Interpretation: Overall, functional recovery regarding “activity and participation” was comparable for PLA and DAA. Among employed patients, DAA resulted in better functional recovery and more fulfillment of expectations compared with PLA patients. DAA might also facilitate faster return to work.
Interventions for proximal humeral fractures: key messages from a Cochrane review
Authors: Brorson Stig , Elliott Joanne , Thillemann Theis , Aluko Patricia , Handoll Helen
Published: July 2022

This article is based on a Cochrane Review published in the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (CDSR) 2022, Issue 6,DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD000434.pub5. (see www.cochranelibrary.com for information).
Review / Reseña. Ignacio A. López. La república del fraude y su crisis. Politica y poder en tiempos de Roberto M. Ortiz y Ramón S. Castillo: Argentina, 1938-1943. 2018
Authors: Hattingh Alistair
Published: July 2022

In La república del fraude y su crisis, Ignacio López examines a crucial moment in the twentieth-century history of Argentina, the government of Roberto Ortiz and Ramón Castillo (1938–1943). This was the second period of civilian rule after the military coup of 1930, and these years have not received the attention they deserve, considering their pivotal position between the military coups of 1930 and 1943, the latter of which first extinguished hopes for democracy and then ultimately ushered in the transformational government of Juan Domingo Perón (1946–1955). López argues that the interactions between national and provincial parties and politicians is crucial to understanding the shifting sands on which democracy stood in the period. He uses a wealth of documentary sources to explain the functioning of the ruling coalition and the challenges Ortiz and Castillo faced in seeking political stability. En La república del fraude y su crisis, Ignacio López examina un momento crítico en la historia argentina del siglo veinte, el gobierno de Roberto Ortiz y Ramón Castillo (1938–1943). Este fue el segundo período de gobierno civil después del golpe militar de 1930 y estos años no han recibido la atención que merecen, considerando su posición clave entre los golpes militares de 1930 y 1943, el último de los cuales primero extinguió las esperanzas de democracia y luego marcó el comienzo del gobierno transformador de Juan Domingo Perón (1946–1955). López sostiene que las interacciones entre los partidos y políticos nacionales y provinciales son cruciales para comprender las arenas movedizas en las que se encontraba la democracia en el período. Utiliza una gran cantidad de fuentes documentales para explicar el funcionamiento de la coalición gobernante y los desafíos que enfrentaron Ortiz y Castillo en la búsqueda de estabilidad política.
Leões do Canto Póstero-Lateral do Joelho
Authors:   Hospital Ortopédico Sant’Iago do Outão - Centro Hospitalar de Setúbal, Machado Filipe , Pais Nuno ,   Clínica Espregueira – FIFA Medical Center of Excellence, Porto, Andrade Renato ,   Clínica Espregueira – FIFA Medical Center of Excellence, Porto, Espregueira-Mendes João ,   Clínica Espregueira – FIFA Medical Center of Excellence, Porto
Published: July 2022

Posterolateral corner knee injuries are currently recognized as an important component of articular instability, occurring more frequently in the context of multiligamentar lesions of the knee. Knowledge of the anatomy and biomechanics is key, and the diagnosis arises from the clinical history and patient examination and should be complemented with a radiography and a magnetic resonance. Depending on injury classification, treatment can be conservative or surgical, and the specific procedure depends on whether the lesion is treated in an acute or chronic setting, and may be a repair, a reconstruction, or an osteotomy. Return to play is one of the most controversial topics and should be considered only after a 6 to 9 months and based on an objective functional assessment with specific testing.
PENGARUH E-COMMERCE KNOWLEDGE, RISIKO, DAN TEKNOLOGI TERHADAP KEPERCAYAAN DAN NIAT BELI ONLINE
Authors: Suciana Sanda Kharoma
Published: July 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis: 1) e-commerce knowledge, risiko dan teknologi terhadap kepercayaan. 2) persepsi teknologi terhadap niat pembelian. 3) kepercayaan terhadap niat pembelian. Data yang digunakan adalah data primer yang diperoleh dari 148 responden dengan metode incidental sampling. Alat analisis data menggunakan Struktural Equation Model (SEM). Hasil pengujian instrumen menyimpulkan bahwa semua variabel valid dan reliabel sebagai alat pengumpul data. Dari hasil analisis data didapatkan bahwa: 1) e-commerce knowledge tidak mempengaruhi kepercayaan. 2) Persepsi Risiko berpegaruh secara signifikan terhadap kepercayaan. 3) Persepsi teknologi tidak mempengaruhi kepercayaan. 4) Persepsi teknologi berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap niat beli. 5) kepercayaan berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap niat beli.
DAPATKAH NARSISME CEO MEMPENGARUHI PERILAKU PRAKTIK EARNING MANAGEMENT PERUSAHAAN NON KEUANGAN DI INDONESIA?
Authors: Meilani Sayekti Endah Retno , Puspitosari Indriyana , Pramesti Wahyu , Pertiwi Imanda Firmantyas Putri , Wiyadi Wiyadi
Published: July 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi peran kepribadian manajemen dalam tata kelola perusahaan dalam konteks keputusan akuntansi perusahaan. Secara khusus, penelitian ini menguji hubungan antara narsisme CEO dan sejauh mana praktik manajemen laba yang dilakukan perusahaan. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada perusahaan non keuangan yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI) tahun 2019. Dalam penelitian ini, teknik pengambilan sampel yang digunakan adalah purposive sampling sehingga diperoleh sampel sebanyak 259 perusahaan non keuangan. Hasil penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa Narsisme CEO tidak berpengaruh terhadap praktik manajemen laba perusahaan. Hal ini berarti bahwa narsisme CEO (CEO dengan kepercayaan diri tinggi) ternyata tidak akan menggunakan kebijakan akuntansi untuk mempraktikkan manajemen laba atau dapat disampaikan bahwa CEO yang lebih narsis tidak akan mendistorsi informasi keuangan yang tersedia bagi investor dengan mengelola pendapatan (praktik manajemen laba).
PERANCANGAN STRATEGI PENGEMBANGAN DESTINASI WISATA PANTAI PANGADARAN, JAWA BARAT
Authors: Hasibuan Bernard , Ratnasari Lisa , Gusdini Ninin
Published: July 2022

Pangandaran is one of the famous tourist destinations because it is complete with several attractions such as natural attractions, cultural tourism, artificial tourism and conservation. To develop a very potential destination, a comprehensive development strategy is needed. The methods used in this study are SWOC and AHP, the first of which is the exploration of SWOC to identify factors of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and challenges. The second stage is to sabotage the proposed strategy obtained with AHP. Hasil  this research there are4  proposed strategies, namely  optimizingsocial media for promotion (weight 0.419), involving  Stakeholders to participate in the development of  Pangandaran  (weight 0,300), making tour packages that include existing attractions(Homestay,  protected forest) (weight 0,168), and building a sustainable Pangandaran  system. integrated g (weight 0.113). Pangandaran development must follow existing trends with social media technology that can expand marketing reach.
A FORMAÇÃO PEDAGÓGICA DO PROFESSOR: ENTRE A LEGISLAÇÃO E AS PERCEPÇÕES DOCENTES
Authors: Vieira da Silva Pollyane , Villela Savian Taciana , Nunes Marques Rosebelly
Published: July 2022

Este artigo insere-se na área de formação de professores e tem como objetivo geral discutir a importância da formação pedagógica na formação do professor e como a legislação brasileira prevê a obrigatoriedade dessa formação. Foi realizada uma pesquisa quanti-qualitativa com dados de professores que atuam em diferentes etapas educacionais coletados a partir de um questionário estruturado. O tratamento realizado nas respostas objetivas foi uma análise descritiva seguida de uma análise de agrupamento. Para as respostas dissertativas utilizou-se a metodologia da análise de conteúdo. Os resultados mostraram que os professores compreendem a importância da formação pedagógica na prática docente porém, percebeu-se que o grau de importância à formação pedagógica é decrescente a medida em que o docente atua nos níveis educacionais mais elevados, como na graduação e pós-graduação, à medida que a legislação educacional atual não exige tal formação para o exercício da profissão docente na educação superior. Considerou-se necessária a ampliação de políticas públicas que contribuam para as reflexões teórico-metodológicas sobre a formação pedagógica de docentes.
DIGA COMO ENSINAS, DIREI QUEM ÉS: PODCASTS E LÍNGUA ESPANHOLA NO ENSINO REMOTO
Authors: Dalla-Nora Giseli Gomes , Gomes Evangelista Edson
Published: July 2022

Neste texto constam experiências laboradas entre março de dois mil e vinte e junho de dois e vinte e um, no âmbito do Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia de Mato Grosso. Delinearam-se na seara da disciplina de Língua Espanhola IV. Ante a impossibilidade da vivência pedagógica presencial emergiu a pergunta: Como abordar o ensino de Língua Espanhola com jovens e adolescentes, na vigência do Ensino Remoto Emergencial, desde uma perspectiva dialógica e significativa? Elegeu-se como método para a investigação da prática em sala de aula a Pesquisa Narrativa (CLADINNIN; CONNELLY, 2011). As respostas apresentadas por participantes da pesquisa facultam afirmar que a abordagem elaborada se pautou na dialogia e logrou alcançar/tocar a estudantes, porquanto constitui-se como experiência. É factível afirmar que dotaram de significados a produção de Podcasts no percurso em que se dedicavam a aprender a Língua Espanhola, como segunda Língua.
Word – of – mouth marketing: features and prospects of application
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Horbal Natalia , Nitsenko Dmytro ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University
Published: July 2022

Marketing of enterprises is becoming an increasingly important component of their effective activities, however, with the development of technology, traditional ways of promoting goods are gradually losing their effectiveness, because most people no longer trust advertising. The essence and significance of innovative and perspective word-of-mouth marketing are analyzed. It is a type of free advertising in which a person shares information about a product to another one orally or in writing. People tend to trust the word-of-mouth marketing much more than other sources of information, because: 1) a person advising a product / service is familiar or close to a customer; 2) he/she has no personal benefit; 3) the information is not advertising; 4) a positive opinion about the product is transmitted only if a consumer is personally satisfied with its quality. The provided data showed the popularity of the word-of-mouth marketing in the modern world. Its subjects (loyal consumers, opinion leaders, brand advocates, brand prosecutors, influencers and brand ambassadors) and strategies (experience sharing, news providing and benefit emphasizing) are highlighted. The main stages of the word-of-mouth marketing implementation are formulated, and several successful examples of its implementation are considered. The key tactics of the word-of-mouth marketing are presented, as well as its advantages and disadvantages are summarized, which can increase the effectiveness of such an ambiguous type of marketing. In general, the word-of-mouth marketing is needed not only to increase sales, customer base or revenue, but also to encourage companies to innovate.
PENGEMASAN MATERI PEMBELAJARAN TARI PISO SURIT DALAM BENTUK BLENDED LEARNING BAGI SISWA SMP MULIA PRATAMA MEDAN
Authors: Sitohang Rani Veronika , Muda Iskandar
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACTThis study aims to package Piso Surit Dance Learning Materials in accordance with KD 3.1 in the form of Blended Learning. The theory in this study uses the theory of Stein (2014: 24) argues that: "... This guide is focused on blended courses as a combination of onsite (face-to-face) with online experiences to produce effective, efficient and flexible learning, which means Blended Learning is a combination of face-to-face learning and computer approaches to produce productive, effective, efficient and flexible learning. In this research process the method used is a qualitative method. The research population is all dance education study program students who have studied Karo Dance techniques, while the research sample is two students of the 2015 dance education study program. Data collection techniques were carried out by means of observation, interviews, library studies, and documentation. These data are then analyzed using qualitative descriptive methods. The results of the study are the packaging of the Piso Surit Dance learning material in the form of Blended Learning in accordance with KD 3.1 arranged into the following: 1). Spatial material is delivered in the form of face-to-face classes; 2). Energy material is delivered in the form of offline classes; 3). Time material is delivered in the form of online classes Keywords: Packaging, Piso Surit Dance, Blended Learning      ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengemas Materi Pembelajaran Tari Piso Surit sesuai KD 3.1 dalam bentuk Blended Learning. Teori dalam penelitian ini menggunakan teori dari Stein (2014:24) mengemukakan bahwa: “...This guide focused on blended courses as a combination of onsite (face-to-face) with online experiences to produce effective, efficient and flexible learning, yang artinya Blended Learning merupakan kombinasi antara pembelajaran tatap muka dan pendekatan komputer untuk menghasilkan pembelajaran yang produktif, efektif, efisien dan fleksibel. Pada proses penelitian ini metode yang digunakan adalah metode kualitatif. Populasi penelitian seluruh mahasiswa program studi pendidikan tari yang telah mempelajari teknik tari Karo, sedangkan sampel penelitian adalah dua mahasiswa program studi pendidikan tari angkatan 2015. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan cara observasi, wawancara, studi kepustakaan, dan dokumentasi. Data-data ini kemudian dianalisis dengan metode deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian adalah kemasan materi pembelajaran Tari Piso Surit dalam bentuk Blended Learning sesuai KD 3.1 yang tersusun menjadi seperti berikut: 1). Materi ruang disampaikan dalam bentuk kelas tatap muka; 2). Materi tenaga disampaikan dalam bentuk kelas offline; 3). Materi waktu disampaikan dalam bentuk kelas online. Kata kunci : Pengemasan, Tari Piso Surit, Blended Learning
The main trends in the development of the fitness services market and their managerial specifics
Authors: Zaidullina D. R.
Published: July 2022

In recent years, changes have taken place in the life of Russian society that have affected the fitness services market. Innovations were introduced both in organizational and methodological approaches to the management of fitness clubs, and in the practice of their real management. The identified problems in the field of coverage of management objects of a large–scale consideration of all aspects of the organization’s work are considered both with the theory and methodology of management, and with practical aspects of management activities.The subject of the study is the methodology and principles of managing fitness organizations. The research results are to identify recommendations aimed at improving the management of sports facilities.
Increasing the competitiveness of companies in the context of digitalization
Authors: Kamchatova E. Yu. , Zayats S. O.
Published: July 2022

Currently, small and medium–sized companies are in search of optimal management and production solutions aimed at improving their competitiveness and the goods they produce. This task can be solved on the basis of the introduction of digital technologies that allow transforming business processes in the context of minimizing costs and maximizing the effect. This article discusses approaches to improving the competitiveness of the company in the market in the digital economy. Modern technologies of digital solutions are considered.
"Genre Tradition as an Artistic Category (On the Example of Ukrainian Organ Music of the Late XX – Early XXI Century)"
Authors:   PhD in Art, Associate Professor, Department of History and Theory of Music, Dnipropetrovsk Music Academy, Dnipro, Ukraine. Email: emirdarina@gmail.com., Kupina Daryna , Redya Valentina ,   Musicology Researcher, Doctor of Arts Hab., Professor PhD, Department of World Music History, Tchaikovsky National Music Academy of Ukraine. Email: redya.valentina@gmail.com.
Published: July 2022

"Some peculiarities of genre tradition as an artistic category are considered (based on the example of a modern Ukrainian pipe organ music). It was found out that the transformation of the genres are natural process, that directed to preservate the constant traits, that are considered as genre tradition. It has been proved that in Ukrainian organ music European genre traditions are such a set of genre characteristics, that sprout in new organ pieces and reflect the total “organ experience” of European composers. Genre traditions of organ music have external and internal aspects, that come out on structural and functional-dynamic levels. Due to this, genre can be presented as dialectic sum of unchangeable and changeable features. It was revealed that considering the genre tradition as a constant category it can be characterized in three pair of attributes – cult and secular, retrospective and perspective, national and international. The infusion of the primary genre in new minds is accompanied by a waste of power and real contextual links, which are saved in the memory of the genre and are manifested by composers in form of allusions. The embodiment of ancient organ music genre traditions in the new conditions is accompanied by the loss of its real contextual connections and intensification of association links. Considering genre tradition as a dynamic fenomena of European organ art we identificate three types of genre traditions’ interaction – interference, interpolation and inclusion. These ways ensure the productive prolongation of genres in the conditions of modern organ music creativity. The prospects of research of genre tradition as artistic category open ways to the comprehension of the modern musiс’s principles. Keywords: genre, tradition, genre tradition, genre adaptation, organ music, Ukrainian music, modern academical music "
Choral Music by Samuel Barber: Genre and Style Aspects
Authors:   Dr. Habil. of Arts, Professor, Head of The Department of History of music, the Tchaikovsky National Music Academy of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine. Email: zharkova_valeriya@ukr.net., Zharkova Valeriya , Ivannikov Tymur ,   Dr. habil. of Arts, Associate Professor, Department of Theory and History of Music Performing, Tchaikovsky National Music Academy of Ukraine, Kyiv. Email: premierre.ivannikov@gmail.com., Filatova Tetiana ,   Professor PhD, Department of Theory of Music, Tchaikovsky National Music Academy of Ukraine, Kyiv. Email: filatova.tanya@gmail.com., Zharkov Oleksandr ,   Professor PhD, Department of Theory of Music, Tchaikovsky National Music Academy of Ukraine, Kyiv. Email: oleksandr0902@vivaldi.net., Antonova Olena ,   Professor PhD, Department of History of Music, Tchaikovsky National Music Academy of Ukraine, Kyiv. Email: antonova.elenagrig@gmail.com.
Published: July 2022

"The article is devoted to the research of choral music by Samuel Barber who was a 20th-century American composer. The research is carried out in terms of its genre and style diversity. It represents the historical stages of turning to choral art. The compositions are differentiated by voice composition into a cappella choirs and choirs with instrumental accompaniment. The orchestral scores are analyzed through the interaction of the poetic text and musical intonation taken into consideration. The figurative and semantic shades of religious and secular origin poems are discovered, the relationship between the music and ancient genres is revealed: Gregorian monodies, antiphons, plain chants, motets, madrigals, Easter hymns. The substantive music aspects are researched as projected on the historical genesis and synthesis of stylistic phenomena of different nature. It is researched how much the elements of medieval, renaissance, baroque, romantic and modern musical vocabulary influence the integral system of choral composition artistic means. Keywords: choral music, Samuel Barber, genre traditions, style aspects, chants, motets, madrigals. "
J. Pezel’s Music for the Ensemble of Copper Wind Instruments in the Context of German Tradition of the 17th Century
Authors:   Professor PhD, Ukrainian National Tchaikovsky Academy of Music, Department of Brass and Percussion Instruments, Kyiv, Ukrarine. Email: slupskyi@gmail.com., Slupskyi Victor
Published: July 2022

"The creative activity of Johann Pezel, the then-known multiinstrumentalist, whose creative path and kind of activity reflects the life and status of the musician of the Baroque era, is analyzed in the article in the context of the development of the German ensemble performance on copper wind instruments of the 17th century. It is noted that the motivation for the appearance of works for the ensemble of copper wind was a purely practical need to replenish the repertoire of urban performers. The works are written considering the technical capabilities of the instruments and follow the specifics of the genre-style tendencies of German instrumental music of the 17th century. The subject matter and methods of analysis should be distributed to the composer’s work of J. Pezel’s contemporaries, who also created music for the ensemble of copper brass, and to include their works in the repertoire of current performers. Keywords: German musical culture of the 17th century, J. Pezel’s music, musician-multiinstrumentalist, ensemble of copper wind instruments, cornet, trombone. "
Sudamérica en la geopolítica de los hidrocarburos
Authors: Nuñez Jonatan Andrés
Published: July 2022

La geopolítica de la energía se encuentra tensionada actualmente por tres factores: la aceleración del calentamiento global al cual contribuye la combustión fósil, la creciente disputa por estos recursos y su progresivo agotamiento. Pese a la crisis climática, empresas y gobiernos fuerzan la frontera hidrocarburífera, avanzando sobre depósitos que requieren de técnicas como el fracking, la megaminería y las plataformas de aguas profundas. A escala, Sudamérica reproduce estas dinámicas y ensaya emprendimientos de este tipo. Por su magnitud, los dos ejemplos más destacados de ello son los de Vaca Muerta, al sudoeste de Argentina, y el Pré-sal, en el litoral de Brasil. En este artículo estudiaremos la trayectoria histórica, los actores participantes en su explotación y las proyecciones de ambos.
Uruguay y la Guerra de las Malvinas
Authors: Podetti José Ramiro
Published: July 2022

Cualquier análisis de las reacciones que provocaron los hechos del 2 de abril de 1982 en Uruguay, debe tomar en cuenta algunas singularidades de la situación del país frente a la Cuestión Malvinas, que lo diferencian del resto de Latinoamérica. La posición del gobierno uruguayo, desde la Resolución 2065 (XX) de la ONU (1965), puede caracterizarse como de respaldo explícito y activo a la soberanía argentina sobre las Islas, así como de adhesión y reclamo de una solución pacífica del diferendo, en el marco de las resoluciones de Naciones Unidas. Esta posición se ha constituido una política de Estado clara y consecuente, sostenida por todos los gobiernos.
En el presente abordaremos la posición y el rol de Uruguay durante el desarrollo de la guerra de Malvinas.
diplomacia boliviana en la cuestión de Malvinas
Authors: Aguilar René Quisbert
Published: July 2022

En el presente trabajo realizaremos un abordaje sobre la construcción de la mirada histórica y el posicionamiento que Bolivia ha adoptado y construido diplomáticamente sobre la Cuestión Malvinas, tomando como hito la guerra de 1982. A partir del mismo, buscaremos dar luz sobre embajadores que han detentado un rol clave en la construcción boliviana sobre Malvinas y su proyección a nuestros días en pos de una comprensión cabal de lo que la cuestión en sí comprende.
Characterization and applications of diamond-like nanocomposites: A brief review
Authors: Adhikary Kalyan , Das Sayan , De Debasish , Mondal Anup , Gangopadhyay Utpal , Jana Sukhendu
Published: July 2022

Diamond-like Nanocomposites (DLN) is a newly member in amorphous carbon (a:C) family. It consists of two or more interpenetrated atomic scale network structures. The amorphous silicon oxide (a:SiO) is incorporated within diamond-like carbon (DLC) matrix i.e. a:CH and both the network is interpenetrated by Si-C bond. Hence, the internal stress of deposited DLN film decreases remarkably compare to DLC. The diamond-like properties have come due to deform tetrahedral carbon with sp3 configuration and high ratio of sp3 to sp2 bond. The DLN has excellent mechanical, electrical, optical and tribological properties. Those properties of DLN could be varied over a wide range by changing deposition parameters, precursor and even post deposition treatment also. The range of properties are: Resistivity 10-4 to 1014 Ωcm, hardness 10–22 GPa, coefficient of friction 0.03-0.2, wear factor 0.2-0.4 10-7mm3/Nm, transmission Vis-far IR, modulus of elasticity 150-200 GPa, residual stress 200-300 Mpa, dielectric constant 3-9 and maximum operating temperature 600°C in oxygen environment and 1200°C in O2 free air. Generally, the PECVD method is used to synthesize the DLN film. The most common procedures used for investigation of structure and composition of DLN films are Raman spectroscopy, Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), HRTEM, FESEM and X-ray photo electron spectroscopy (XPS). Interest in the coating technology has been expressed by nearly every industrial segment including automotive, aerospace, chemical processing, marine, energy, personal care, office equipment, electronics, biomedical and tool and die or in a single line from data to beer in all segment of life. In this review paper, characterization of diamond-like nanocomposites is discussed and subsequently different application areas are also elaborated.
Effects of different preparing conditions and annealing on the photocatalytic activity of hydrothermal grown BiVO4
Authors: Wen Yuxiang , Ji Wei , Yu Jiang , An Qichang , Qin Tianfen , Zhang Zhiya , Zhang Jiachi , Peng Shanglong
Published: July 2022

BiVO4 was hydrothermally synthesized under different preparing conditions and characterized by XRD, SEM, Raman spectrum and BET specific surface area. The influence of different pH value and annealing temperature and hydrothermal time on the morphologies and structures of the BiVO4 samples was investigated systematically. It can be found that annealing would eliminate the effects caused by the pH of precursor, heating temperature and heating time, but preparing conditions still influenced the size and specific surface area of samples. Furthermore, the photocatalytic activities of the fabricated BiVO4 were also evaluated by the degradation of methyl blue in aqueous solution under UV and visible light irradiation.
Effect of multiple laser shock processing on nano-scale microstructure of an aluminum alloy
Authors: Gencalp Irizalp Simge , Saklakoglu Nursen
Published: July 2022

In this study, nano-scale microstructural evolution in 6061-T6 alloy after laser shock processing (LSP) was studied. 6061-T6 alloy plate was subjected to multiple LSP. The LSP treated area was characterized by X-ray diffraction and the microstructure of the samples was analyzed by transmission electron microscopy. Focused Ion Beam (FIB) tools were used to prepare TEM samples in precise areas. It was found that even though aluminum had high stacking fault energy, LSP yielded to formation of ultrafine grains and deformation faults such as dislocation cells, stacking faults. The stacking fault probability (PSF) was obtained in LSP-treated alloy using X-Ray diffraction. Deformation induced stacking faults lead to the peak position shifts, broadening and asymmetry of diffraction. XRD analysis and TEM observations revealed significant densities of stacking faults in LSP-treated 6061-T6 alloy. And mechanical properties of LSP-treated alloy were also determined to understand the hardening behavior with high concentration of structural defects.
Hybrid magnetic materials based on polyethylene containing Co and Ni nanoparticles
Authors: Vasil’kov Alexander Yu. , Budnikov Alexander V. , Naumkin Alexander V.
Published: July 2022

New hybrid magnetic materials based on HDPE filled with Со and Ni nanoparticles have been prepared via the metal vapor synthesis. Properties of the metal-polymer composites have been elucidated as a function of MVS parameters and metal nature. The Faraday method has been applied to characterize the magnetic properties of the systems. The microstructure of the samples has been studied with a number of X-ray and synchrotron techniques, including XRD, EXAFS and SAXS. Core-level and valence band spectra were measured by XPS. The peak at binding energy of 282.8 eV characteristic of C-Ni bond was recorded in the C 1s spectrum. It was shown that properties of nanocomposite materials with similar compositions are determined both by the synthesis conditions and post-synthesis factors.
Nano-composites and their applications: A review
Authors: Din Sajad Hussain , Shah M. A. , Sheikh N. A. , Butt M. Mursaleen
Published: July 2022

Nanocomposites are high performance materials which reveal rare properties. Nanocomposites have an estimated annual growth rate of 25% and fastest demand to be in engineering plastics and elastomers. Their prospective is so prominent that they are valuable in numerous areas ranging from packaging to biomedical applications. In this review, the various types of matrix nanocomposites are discussed highlighting the need for these materials, their processing approaches and some recent results on structure, properties and potential applications. Perspectives include need for such future materials and other interesting applications. Being environmentally friendly, applications of nanocomposites propose new technology and business opportunities for several sectors of the aerospace, automotive, electronics and biotechnology industries.
Effect of heating and resistance on emission properties of carbon nanotubes
Authors: Bulyarskiy Sergey V. , Dudin Alexander A. , Lakalin Alexander V. , Orlov Andrey P. , Pavlov Alexander A. , Ryazanov Roman M. , Shamanaev Artemiy A.
Published: July 2022

We have studied the effect of the series resistance on the heating of the cathode, which is based on carbon nanotubes and serves to realize the field emission of electrons into the vacuum. The experiment was performed with the single multi-walled carbon nanotube (MCNT) that was separated from the array grown by CVD method with thin-film Ni-Ti catalyst (nickel 4 nm/Ti 10 nm). The heating of the cathode leads to the appearance of a current of the thermionic emission. The experimental voltage current characteristic exhibited the negative resistance region caused by thermal field emission. This current increases strongly with increasing voltage and contributes to the degradation of the cold emitter. The calculation of the temperature of the end of the cathode is made taking into account the effect of the phenomenon that warms up and cools the cathode. We have developed a method for processing of the emission volt-ampere characteristics of a cathode, which relies on a numerical calculation of the field emission current and the comparison of these calculations with experiments. The model of the volt-ampere characteristic takes into account the CNT’s geometry, properties, its contact with the catalyst, heating and simultaneous implementation of the thermionic and field emission. The calculation made it possible to determine a number of important parameters, including the voltage and current of the beginning of thermionic emission, the temperature distribution along the cathode and the resistance of the nanotube. The phenomenon of thermionic emission from CNTs was investigated experimentally and theoretically. The conditions of this type emission occurrence were defined. The results of the study could form the basis of theory of CNT emitter’s degradation.
Relative stability of planar clusters B11, B12, and B13 in neutral- and charged-states
Authors: Chkhartishvili Levan
Published: July 2022

Theoretically, within the diatomic model, the relative stability of most abundant boron clusters B11, B12, and B13 with planar structures in neutral, positive and negative charged-states is studied. According to the specific (per atom) binding energy criterion, B12+ (6.49 eV) is found to be the most stable boron cluster, while B11– + B13+ (5.83 eV) neutral pair is expected to present the preferable ablation channel for boron-rich solids. Obtained results would be applicable in production of boron-clusters-based nanostructured coating materials with super-properties such as lightness, hardness, conductivity, chemical inertness, neutron-absorption, etc., making them especially effective for protection against cracking, wear, corrosion, neutron- and electromagnetic-radiations, etc.
Apuntes sobre fotografía y memoria a partir de la relectura de Ante el dolor de los demás de Susan Sontag
Authors: Pérez Daza Johanna , Prada Wilson
Published: July 2022

Conocer el efecto de la fotografía en la memoria ha sido un tema de interés recurrente. Desde su invención, la fotografía se ha asociado a la memoria y el anhelo de atrapar el tiempo, elevadas aspiraciones que se han ido transformando a partir de sus usos y masificación. En su libro Ante el dolor de los demás (2003), Susan Sontag examina la fotografía en el contexto de la guerra, el dolor y la compasión, sus nexos con el pasado y su capacidad para sacudir las conciencias y la opinión pública. En el presente artículo revisaremos la vigencia de algunos de sus planteamientos, atendiendo las intersecciones de la fotografía con tres conceptos clave: memoria, poder y violencia. Las posibilidades de circulación de la fotografía, los modos de recepción y producción, así como los intereses por posicionar unas imágenes y desechar otras, por recordar unas y olvidar otras, abren discusiones éticas y preguntas que, adquieren relevancia, en el complejo escenario actual.
The experimental study of the immunomodulating action of Semax and Selank on the model of „social” stress
Authors: Yasenyavskaya A.L. , Samotrueva M.A. , Myasoedov N.F. , Andreeva L.A.
Published: July 2022

This study is devoted to the experimental study of the immunocorrecting action of Semax (Met-Glu-His-Phe-Pro-Gly-Pro) and Selank (Thr-Lys-Pro-Arg-Pro-Gly-Pro) on the model of “social” stress formed as a result of sensory contact and inter-confrontation. Functional activity of the immune system of laboratory animals was assessed on the basis of standard immunopharmacological tests: delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction (DTH), direct agglutination test (DAT), latex test for studying the phagocytic activity of peripheral blood neutrophils, and evaluation of changes in the leukocyte formula. As a result of the experiment, it was found that, under the influence of “social” stress, changes in the immune response are multidirectional, which confirms the theory of “immune disbalance” under the action of stressors. As a result of studying the influence of Semax and Selank on the model of “social” stress, it was found that the drug proved to be an effective corrector, restoring the cellular and humoral immunogenesis reactions, the phagocytic activity of neutrophils, which indicates the presence of immunomodulating properties, and emphasizes the need for further studies in this scientific direction. This study expands the scientific research base in the field of immunoreaction under stress-induced conditions with the aim of further developing a pharmacological strategy for correcting the revealed disorders by means of substances of a neuropeptide structure.
Evaluation of antitumoral effect of mistletoe fruit extract on Ehrlich ascites tumor cells with muse cell analyzer and argyrophilic nucleolar organizer region staining method
Authors: Ateş Şükrü , Ülger Harun , Yilmaz Seher , Karatoprak Gökçe Şeker , Al Özge , Uçar Sümeyye , Taştan Mustafa , Tokpinar Adem , Alpa Şerife , Farooqi Ammad Ahmad
Published: July 2022

Introduction

Mistletoe has been used alone or as a complementary therapy in the treatment of different diseases for years. In this study, the antitumoral effect of mistletoe fruit extract on Ehrlich ascites tumor (EAT) cells was evaluated.

Materials and Methods

EAT cells from preformed stock mice were transferred to culture dishes containing 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and mistletoe extracts at different doses (100, 200, 400, and 800 μg/ml). These cells were incubated at 37 °C in an environment with 95% humidity and 5% CO2. At the end of the incubations, the apoptosis status of the cells, cell cycle, mitochondrial membrane potential, and proliferation status with the argyrophilic (Ag) nucleolar organizer region staining (NORs) method were evaluated.

Results

As a result, it was observed that the mistletoe fruit extract and 5-FU induce apoptosis of EAT cells. It was concluded that the 5-FU substance arrests the cell cycle at the G0/G1 stage, while the mistletoe arrests the cell cycle at the S and G2/M stages. The depolarization rate of the mistletoe treated cells was higher. As a result of the evaluation made with the AgNORs method, it was seen that mistletoe and 5-FU could be effective in reducing the proliferation of EAT cells.

Conclusions

It was seen that mistletoe fruit extract could be effective in stimulating the apoptosis and depolarization of cancer cells. The results of other studies in the literature and our study support each other. It was concluded that the mistletoe plant may be useful in cancer treatment.
Atopic dermatitis: Current standards of diagnosis and treatment, including the latest methods of management
Authors: Fornal Rafał , Książkiewicz Anna , Fornal Aleksandra , Zarzycka Danuta
Published: July 2022

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic relapsing disease which causes characteristic eczematous skin lesions. The most common symptoms of atopic dermatitis are persistent pruritus, xerosis, and skin lesions with a typical location and appearance that changes with the patient’s age. The prevalence of the disease in the pediatric population is estimated at 10% to 30%, while in adults it ranges from 1% to 3%. The number of people who suffer from AD is rising every year. The pathophysiology of the disease is complex and multifactorial. It involves elements of epidermal barrier dysfunction, alterations in cellular immune response, IgE hypersensitivity, and environmental factors. AD significantly reduces the quality of life of both patients and their families. Patients with AD are at higher risk for neuropsychiatric disorders such as depression, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, and headaches. The decreased quality of life of AD patients and their families is associated with the discomfort of recurrent and chronic inflammatory skin lesions, persistent pruritus, and the inconvenience of long-term therapy. It also affects the psychological development of children, contributes to behavioral disorders (hyperactivity, hypersensitivity) and impacts many areas of family life such as sleep, leisure activities, and relationships between family members. The basic treatment of AD is avoidance of potential harmful factors, proper care in the treatment of exacerbations, topical corticosteroids, and calcineurin inhibitors in proactive therapy. In some patients who meet age criteria, phototherapy and cyclosporine should be considered. In individuals with severe AD who do not respond to topical treatment and who will not benefit from general therapy, dupilumab, a biologic drug, is the treatment of choice. Biologic treatment has an increasingly important place in the effective and modern therapy of AD. Currently, new biologic drugs are being researched, which may bring a therapeutic revolution in AD in the future. Allergen immunotherapy in patients with AD should be carefully evaluated on an individual basis, as proper selection of patients with documented IgE-dependent sensitization is important for the success of this therapy. Close collaboration with the patient and their caregivers, education, and psychological support as appropriate are integral to the treatment.
Metanephrine and Normetanephrine Urine Excretion in Patients with PCOS
Authors: Robeva R. , Arnaudova N. , Kirilov G. , Elenkova A. , Zacharieva S.
Published: July 2022

Aims: The present study aims to investigate the association between catecholamine metabolites (normetanephrine [NMN] and metanephrine [MN]) and polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) and its clinical manifestations.

Materials and methods: A total of 60 female patients (18-37 years) were included in the study. Twenty-five healthy women and 35 patients with PCOS provided blood and urine samples. Anthropometric, biochemical, and hormonal parameters, e.g. immunoreactive insulin, total testosterone, gonadotropins, and dehydroepiandrosterone-sulfate (DHEAS) have been investigated. Twenty-four-hour urinary metanephrines (MN and NMN) were measured by radioimmunoassay technique.

Results: MN and NMN showed a strong positive correlation (r = +0.645, p < 0.001) in women with PCOS, but nephrines were not significantly associated with the hormonal, anthropometric, and metabolic parameters of the patients (p > 0.05 for all). No differences in urinary nephrines concentrations between women with PCOS and healthy individuals after adjustment for age and BMI were established. However, lower 24-hour urinary MN levels predicted the development of menstrual irregularity after adjustment for age and BMI (OR = 1,015 [95% CI 1,001-1,029], p = 0,036).

Conclusions: Adrenomedullary dysfunction might influence the development of chronic anovulation in young women.
Cost-Utility Analysis of Open Hernia Operations in Bulgaria
Authors: Kirilova-Doneva M. , Kamusheva M. , Gerasimov N. , Petrova G.
Published: July 2022

Background: Hernia surgery procedures are among the most frequently performed in Bulgaria. An open, mesh-based repair is a standard method for hernia repair. From a societal perspective, a cost-utility analysis of open hernia surgical procedures performed in Bulgaria is necessary in light of the economic and social burden that poses this health issue. The aim of the study was to perform an economic evaluation of the quality of health results after a conventional elective hernia operation with implanted light and standard meshes.

Methods: The cost of elective hernia operation with standard and light meshes was calculated as a sum of direct and indirect costs. Incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) for conventional hernia operation was calculated as health improvement was measured in quality-adjusted life years (QALY) reported in a previous study. Deterministic sensitivity analysis was applied to evaluate the changes in the ICER values in case of planned inguinal hernia operation.

Results: The cost of operation with standard meshes is less than operation with light meshes. The difference is in the range 55-200 EUR. The additional costs per one QALY gained for light meshes are far below the recommended threshold values which identified these meshes as cost-effective.

Conclusions: The study presents evidence for cost-effectiveness of light meshes.