bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessment of the utilization of modern agricultural machinery in rice production and its problems: A case from San Leonardo, Philippines
Authors: S. De Jesus Fhrizz , Mae Ibarra Lyka , Agustin Noel , Anne Murillo Lady , Leyesa Marlon
Published: September 2024

This study examines the relationship between the utilization of modern agricultural machinery and the business technical aspect of rice production of paddy field farmers in San Leonardo, Nueva Ecija, Philippines. The objective of this study is to assess the effectiveness of modern machinery on the business technical aspect of the farmers and the paddy field owners. The study utilized descriptive analysis to assess the use of modern agricultural machinery in rice production and its problems. The design was quantitative, using percentage, frequencies, and weighted mean. The results revealed that the majority of respondents have been operating for 11 to 20 years, owned 1 hectare of land that cultivate 2 times a year and harvest 86 rice sacks per hectare.  Rice cultivation is happened during wet and dry season. To maximizing the land, farmers can try other crops while waiting for the season of rice cultivation. In agricultural mechanization, it concluded that plowing machines helps remove clods from the soil, transplanting rice seedlings and applying chemicals using machine can saves time. Harvester machine is suitable in small and large farmland for harvesting and may help farmers to save time, effort and total cost requirements. Local Government Unit to support through grants and funding the local rice farmers in maximizing utilization of machines that shows positive effect.
The impact of hypoxic training at different altitudes on human physiology, biochemistry, and cytogenetics
Authors: A. Demchenko Georgiy , N. Abdreshov Serik , U. Koibasova Laura , A. Yessenova Makpal , N. Yeshmukhanbet Anar
Published: September 2024

This study investigated the impact of dosed hypoxic normobaric exercises on the physio-biochemical parameters of blood and lymph circulation, as well as cytogenetic changes in red blood cells (RBC), using a Sprague Dawley Rat Model. Hypoxic training was conducted in an animal hypoxic chamber. The session lasted 34-35 minutes. The O2 content was 20.5% at the beginning of the session; then, it dropped to 14.8% within 4-5 minutes, corresponding to a rise to an altitude of 2,900-3,000 m, and was maintained at that level until the end of the session. The hypoxic training cycle increased the RBC count by 4.1%, the hemoglobin count by 4.2%, the blood oxygen capacity by 8.3%, the circulating blood volume by 16.7%, and interstitial metabolism and lymph circulation by 30.6%. A cytogenetic study revealed an increase in erythropoiesis-reticulocyte count by 40.3% and a slightly higher frequency of micronucleated erythrocytes. We observed economization of the heart, respiration, activation of glucose transport by 33.5%, increased lipid utilization, and increased antioxidant protection. These parameters especially changed when hypoxic training was combined with physical activity. Hypoxic training with physical activity expands the body’s compensatory and adaptive capabilities by increasing the reserves of the respiratory, cardiovascular, and lymphatic systems.
The motto diplomacy respects ho chi Minh's peace and the application of Vietnam's foreign policy
Authors: Quoc Dung Mai
Published: September 2024

Ho Chi Minh's thought on foreign affairs, methods, style and art of diplomacy is a part of Ho Chi Minh's thought in general on Vietnam's revolutionary line. In the past time, Vietnam has strongly implemented diplomatic work according to Ho Chi Minh's diplomatic thought and achieved great successes: Vietnam's foreign relations expanded and Vietnam's position in the international arena. One of the success factors of Vietnam's diplomacy in recent years is that Vietnam has returned to Ho Chi Minh's diplomatic thought. With the promotion of participation in ASEAN, ASEM, APEC... and especially becoming a member of the World Trade Organization, Vietnam has been integrating wider and deeper into the world and the region. Many new problems arise for Vietnamese land and for Vietnamese diplomacy, both in terms of opportunities and challenges. That situation requires Vietnam to continue to study more deeply about Ho Chi Minh's foreign policy, methods, style and art, find new explanations and especially the application of Ho Chi Minh's thought.
The use of mobile technology in higher education: implications for students and instructors
Authors: Thaanyane Mamosa , Jita Thuthukile
Published: September 2024

Mobile learning has become a prominent topic in educational settings today due to its significant developments in information and communication technology (ICT). This flexibility not only benefits student-teachers who can learn at their own pace and convenience but also empowers instructors to engage with their student-teachers more dynamically. Literature indicates that mobile learning encourages collaboration and active participation, fostering critical thinking skills and creating a more engaging learning experience. Despite the many advantages of integrating technology into the classroom, research indicates that most faculties higher education are resistant to incorporating technology into their activities since there are no institutional norms. The study aims at evaluating the use of mobile learning in higher education in Lesotho and the implications it has on both instructors and student-teachers when using mobile learning. The study adopted a systematic literature review to review the available research using an integrative method of studies conducted on mobile learning in higher education between 2013 and 2023. The study found that some instructors ban the use of mobile devices because they distract from teaching and learning. In addition, not all devices can handle the demands of remote learning. Student-teachers believe that mobile technology enhances communication with peers and instructors. Among other factors, limited Internet connectivity and funding are the most common inhibiting factors for instructors to adopt technology into the teaching and learning process. Other inhibiting factors are the high costs of mobile data access and smart mobile devices. The study recommends that ICT policy must be in place to manage and control mobile learning for effective adoption.
The effectiveness of a proposed strategy according to the Fraunhofer model of knowledge management in the achievement of second intermediate female students in mathematics
Authors: Ahmed Abdullah Misharar Azraa , Fouad Jawad Al-Ameer Lina
Published: September 2024

The goal of the research is to identify the effectiveness of using a proposed strategy according to the Fraunhofer model of knowledge management in mathematics achievement for second-grade female students in middle and high schools affiliated with the General Directorate of Education in Baghdad / Al-Karkh II. The objective was to prove the following null hypothesis: "The average scores of the experimental group who will study with the proposed strategy according to the Fraunhofer model and the scores of the control group students who will study in the usual way in the mathematics achievement test are not statistically significant different at the significance level (0.05)." The General Directorate of Education of Baghdad / Al-Karkh II identified the research population, which represents middle and secondary schools for girls. Sayyida Zainab (peace be upon her) middle school was specifically selected as the research sample, which was divided into two groups and included sixty-one female students in the second middle grade. For the experimental group, represented by Section (A), there were thirty-three female students; for the control group, represented by Section (C), there were twenty-eight female students. Achievement test was developed to gather data for the study. Its final form included 36 objective items of the multiple choice type with four alternatives. Parity was carried out statistically between the female students of the experimental and control groups in the variables (previous achievement in mathematics, previous mathematical knowledge, intelligence). Appropriate statistical techniques were applied when administering the test to the female students in the experimental and control groups (difficulty and ease coefficient, discrimination coefficient, efficacy of alternatives). After the two researchers applied suitable statistical techniques to analyze the data and administer a test like the Leaven's test, the results showed that teaching with the suggested strategy according to the Fraunhofer model of knowledge management has a significant impact in improving the achievement of the female students of the experimental group compared to the control group. Its psychometric properties were acknowledged.
The use of ai in learning English: a comparative study between Moroccan and Indonesian undergraduate students from the English department
Authors: KHOUDRI Insaf , ZERIOUH Mohammed , Fauzan UMAR , KHOUDRI Abderrafiî
Published: September 2024

It is generally understood that people’s attitudes influence and shape their behavior. However, there is still a gap in knowledge regarding how undergraduate students from different countries perceive AI in learning English. This paper aims to compare two groups of undergraduate students from the English departments of Morocco and Indonesia. To achieve this, an online structured questionnaire was administered to 240 undergraduate students from these two countries. Data collected were analyzed using SPSS version 25 and the Mann-Whitney test. The findings revealed that both groups are optimistic about using AI for learning English. They utilize AI tools for feedback, engagement, motivation, personalized learning, and autonomy. However, there is a disparity in how each group uses AI for translation. Additionally, participants expressed concerns about AI related to privacy and security, overreliance and lack of responsibility, critical thinking and creativity issues, and plagiarism. The study suggests that AI can be both beneficial and detrimental. Incorporating AI into the classroom is essential for improving students’ AI literacy and enhancing their academic and language skills. A balanced approach to AI use involves not only providing students with diverse AI tools suited to their academic needs but also raising awareness about the ethical issues associated with AI.
The effect of communication skills and compensation on performance through job satisfaction and subjective well-being of mental hospital nurses in South Sulawesi
Authors: Mubyl Mutiarini , Basalamah Salim , Rahman Mus Abdul , Alam Roslina , Dwinanda Giri
Published: September 2024

This research aims to analyze the effect of communication skills and compensation on performance through Work Satisfaction and subjective well-being of mental hospital nurses in South Sulawesi. The research was conducted at RSKD Dadi and involved 100 field samples using a saturated sampling technique. Data were analyzed using structural equation models (SEM) with the SmartPLS4 analysis tool. The research results prove that, directly, Communication skills and compensation have a positive and significant effect on Work Satisfaction; Communication skills and compensation have a positive and significant effect on subjective well-being; Work Satisfaction, communication skills, and subjective well-being have a positive and significant effect on performance; while compensation has no effect on performance. Indirectly, communication skills and compensation have a positive and significant effect on performance through Work Satisfaction; Communication skills and compensation have a positive and significant effect on performance through subjective well-being. In this latest research, it was found that nurses who can improve their communication skills will increase their Work Satisfaction and subjective well-being, so that their performance will also increase.
Determining factors in the adoption of fintech of sharia in Indonesia: analysis of the effect of utaut2, Es-qual, and religiosity
Authors: Wibowo Dedi , Hariri Bin Bakri Mohammed
Published: September 2024

This research examines the antecedents of actional desires towards using Islamic financial application among Indonesian customers. The objectives of the study empirically tested the expanded unified theory of acceptance and use of application (UTAUT2), ES-QUAL and religiosity as independent variables to explain the adoption of Islamic financial application in Indonesia. The method was quantitative. The 200 data are analyzed using the Partial least squares (PLS). The research results show that Effort Expectancy (EE), Social Influence (SI), Hedonic Motivation (HM), Esqual (ESQ), and Religiosity (RE) have a positive effect on Desire to Use Islamic Financial Application (IB). Furthermore, the Desire to Use Islamic Financial Application (IB) positively affects the Use Action of Islamic Financial Application (UB). In addition, only gender (GE) can weaken the influence of hedonic motivation and habit on the Desire to Use Islamic financial application. The influence actional desires to use Islamic financial application because of the lack of research in this domain in Indonesia, especially considering the context of religiosity and combining the concepts of UTAUT2 and ESQUAL. This research contributes to the service quality literature by identifying E-SQ and confirming its effectiveness in FinTech adoption. This can also enhance to the development of understanding financial concepts.
Generational differences in payment habits and solutions in the digital space
Authors: Csiszárik Viktor , Varga János
Published: September 2024

With the rise of digitalisation, payment habits and solutions have undergone a significant transformation, which is also driven by generational differences. Our study aims to explore how the payment preferences and habits of each generation differ in the digital space. Older generations tend to prefer more conservative payment methods, such as credit cards or cash, while younger generations are more open to modern, innovative solutions such as mobile payments and cryptocurrencies. Our paper highlights the extent to which technological developments and digital literacy are influencing the payment habits of different generations, and how the role of security and convenience is shaping the payment choices of different age groups. The study focuses on the financial literacy of each generation, including how to navigate 21st century finance. It is no exaggeration to say that not everyone has the same knowledge or understanding of modern finance. However, effective financial decision-making requires not only an understanding of traditional finance, but also the ability to keep abreast of the financial changes of the modern age. This study will hopefully shed light on the importance of the subject and the importance of developing financial literacy. We can strongly assume that financial literacy can be characterised at very different levels when looking at different generations, so it seems worthwhile to look more closely at the level of financial literacy among different generations. However, the present study focuses on financial habits and solutions.
Michelin-starred restaurant diner return willingness: A case study from Thailand
Authors: Rattanaparinyanon Harit , Vuthisopon Sujira , Saengnoree Amnuay , Siripongdee Surapong
Published: September 2024

This study investigates the factors influencing the return willingness (RW) of diners at Michelin-starred restaurants in Thailand. The focus is on understanding how service novelty (SN), new product innovation (NPI), culinary standards (CS), and diner satisfaction (DS) contribute to diners' intentions to return. A quantitative approach was employed using structural equation modeling (SEM) to analyze data collected from a sample of 320 diners. The study examined the direct and total effects of the variables on RW. The analysis revealed that service novelty, new product innovation, culinary standards, and diner satisfaction collectively account for 75% of the variance in return willingness (R² = 0.75). Service novelty, new product innovation, and culinary standards exhibit significant direct effects on return willingness, with total effect (TE) values of 0.87, 0.79, and 0.76, respectively. Diner satisfaction also significantly impacts return willingness, with a TE value of 0.42. All nine proposed hypotheses were supported, confirming the positive influence of SN, NPI, CS, and DS on diners' return willingness. The study underscores the critical role of continuous innovation, high culinary standards, and exceptional diner satisfaction in fostering repeat business. These factors are integral to enhancing customer loyalty at Michelin-starred restaurants in Thailand. The findings offer valuable insights for restaurant managers aiming to boost customer loyalty and sustain long-term success. Emphasizing service innovation, maintaining high culinary standards, and ensuring diner satisfaction can significantly improve diners' return willingness.
Management and paradigm influence: A call for paradigm shift
Authors: Amellah Saif , Foulad Rida , Jebli Samir , Sahib Amal-Oudiî , Bouaziz Abdelhak
Published: September 2024

This article critically examines the influence of the dominant paradigm in management, characterized by its emphasis on profit maximization and individualism, which has resulted in profound socio-economic and environmental challenges. The methodology involves an exploration of the historical evolution of management practices and an analysis of how these practices have primarily served shareholder interests while often neglecting broader impacts on employees, customers, and society. The results of this examination highlight the need for a paradigm shift that prioritizes ethical considerations, social responsibility, and sustainability in management decision-making processes. By advocating for this shift, this article encourages organizations to realign their objectives to balance financial performance with the goal of serving humanity more effectively. The conclusion emphasizes that this reorientation not only addresses contemporary management challenges but also fosters long-term sustainable success. Ultimately, this article’s significant contribution lies in its call to elevate human values in management decisions, thereby creating business models that positively impact society as a whole.
Case law of the European court of human rights on compensation for non-pecuniary damage: Certain issues
Authors: Vitalii Makhinchuk , Volodymyr Bobryk , Denys Pozov , Oleksandra Karmaza , Sergii Koroied
Published: September 2024

Compensation is considered a means of restoring the violated rights. Ukrainian legislation directly provides for the possibility of compensation for non-pecuniary damage, however, a number of problems arise when considering cases on this issue in national courts. Firstly, there is no legally enshrined definition of this concept in Ukraine. Secondly, there is no single methodology or model for assessing moral damage, no formula for calculation is established at the legislative level, due to which judges assign different amounts of compensation for harm caused under the same or similar circumstances. Besides, there are no clear criteria for determining the amount of damage caused, which makes it almost impossible to unambiguously calculate, for example, the extent of the mental pain or the infringement on dignity and honor in property equivalent, that is, it is in fact a conditional compensation. Reference to the case law of the ECHR on this matter may contribute to solving these problems, because its decisions are referred to by national courts. The ECHR has not developed a universal formula for calculating the amount of non-pecuniary damage, but there are certain criteria for its assessment:  the nature of the offense and violated right; payments accrued based on the results of consideration of previous cases; victim’s personality; the respondent State; collective statements or mass offenses; other circumstances of the case.
The behavioral biases on investment decision behavior: Evidence from Indonesia
Authors: Yuana Pusvita , Kornitasari Yenny , Manzilati Asfi
Published: September 2024

The purpose of this study to analyze the behavior of investors in making financial investments in Indonesia. Although the overall financial literacy level in Indonesia has increased, individuals with higher levels of financial literacy tend to make more rational investment decisions. Being well-literate can be interpreted as the personal ability to understand and create financial concepts. However, some individuals still need help understanding investment products and services in Indonesia. This is due to the fact that there are still individuals who invest in illegal products. This study focuses on four biases: overconfidence bias, optimism bias, herding effect, and flexing, using quantitative analysis. The decision to invest is influenced by the thoughts of each investor and their optimistic behavior in seeking the highest return on their investment. This study used primary data with descriptive quantitative analysis. The number of respondents used in the overall research was 400, with criteria for investment products. The result of this study shows that the variable of overconfidence, optimism, and flexing affects the behavior of financial investment decisions. However, the variable bias herding effect does not affect the behavior of financial investment decisions. In conclusion, investors should be more cautious in making investment decisions by paying attention to the variables of overconfidence, optimism, herding effect, and flexing social media in Indonesia.
Market and entrepreneurial orientations model to increase product innovation of culinary micro small medium enterprises in Indonesia
Authors: Ernawati Fatimah Siska , Juhaida Johari Razana , Komara Acep , Maulany Soesanti
Published: September 2024

The objective of the article is to examine how market orientation and entrepreneurial orientation within an organization might bolster product innovation capabilities. By exploring these connections, the research aims to present a more comprehensive understanding of the research model and bridge existing limitations. This study employed a quantitative associative with a proportional-clustered-random-sampling technique. Data were collected through a questionnaire survey involving 400 respondents representing micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs) and used structural equation modeling (SEM) to test hypotheses. The results indicated a significant impact of market and entrepreneurial orientations on product innovation with market orientation having a more dominant effect on product innovation than entrepreneurial orientation. A strong market orientation shows business players can absorb market knowledge for product innovation. Thus, MSME owners must swiftly digest this market information to plan future product developments, especially since some product types change rapidly during the product life cycle. The findings also show that the entrepreneurial approach has a poorer influence on product creation in MSMEs due to the necessity for competencies and risk-taking that the organization lacks. The Ministry of Cooperatives and MSME can use this input to design targeted programs to help MSME owners and creativity and invention to make distinctive things while being highly impacted by market demands. With its findings, the study augments our understanding of the product innovation position in Indonesian MSMEs and, illuminates MSMEs owners' next steps to sustain the competitiveness and operationalization of their businesses.
Remittances, inclusive finance and governance in selected African countries: empirical insights from the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Mabrouk Fatma , Elhaj Manal
Published: September 2024

This research intends to explore the effects of inclusive finance on remittances and how these international flows impact economic growth in selected countries from Africa from 1996 to 2020 from 1996 to 2020. As per the results of panel dynamics estimation, inclusive finance positively impacts remittances. Furthermore, remittances significantly and positively impact economic growth in countries with solid governance effectiveness. However, they do not affect economic growth in weak governance effectiveness groups. Finally, COVID-19 positively affects remittance receipt, and negatively affects economic growth. Inclusive finance offerings are a crucial transmission channel in receiving remittances to African countries, and governance effectiveness plays a substantial role here.
Following Spinoza’s conjecture and image: Representativeness and availability as generators of conscious errors in space and time
Authors: Mounitz Abraham
Published: September 2024

The article will present an intertextual encounter between Spinoza’s approach and the work of Kahneman and others. on cognitive bias. The discussion will focus on the link between imagination and memory and space and time as well as the former’s association with representativeness, availability, and occasion noise as the causes of bias in both systems of thought. Spinoza determined that the manner of human thought has common traits but also that there is thought which accords with reality alongside thought which is erroneous. Like Spinoza, contemporary theory also seeks to address the causes of such erroneous thought and to offer remedies for its prevention.
Exploring determinants influencing the selection of geriatric nursing care services in Thailand Bangkok metropolitan area
Authors: Promsiri Triyuth , Arunyik Budsara , Keerativutisest Vasu
Published: September 2024

The global population structure is undergoing a significant transformation, marked by an increasing number of elderly individuals. Thailand, in particular, is transitioning into an aging society and exhibits the third-highest growth rate in Asia, following Japan and Singapore. This phenomenon is driven by various factors, including economic and social conditions, technological advancements, family dynamics, and evolving lifestyles. Consequently, a growing number of elderly individuals are either living alone or require caregivers and elderly care facilities if they are dependent. This study is prompted by a keen interest in the elderly care service industry, which demonstrates significant potential both currently and in the future. The primary objective of this research is to explore the determinants influencing the selection of Geriatric nursing care and to identify the challenges encountered in delivering these services. The study investigated demographic and social factors, the necessity for elderly care, and the decision-making process in selecting geriatric nursing care. Data was collected through online questionnaires and analyzed, employing both descriptive and inferential statistics, including factor analysis, reliability analysis, and correlations between variables. The target population comprises Thai individuals aged 50 and above residing in Bangkok and its metropolitan areas with a sample size of 426 participants. Findings suggest that demographic factors, excluding occupation, along with social factors, the necessity for dependency, and the decision-making process, affect the selection of Geriatric nursing care in the studied regions.
Using Overture to enhance students’ aural musical skills and motivation in learning
Authors: Madhawa Nair Subadrah , You Jiaojing , N Krishnasamy Hariharan , Kaur Saminder Singh Gurdip , Siddique Muhammad
Published: September 2024

Aural musical skills are a compulsory course for music students, but studies show that students are weak in this area due to unattractive and ineffective teaching methods. This study investigated the effects of Overture on enhancing the aural musical skills of students in China. In addition the study also investigated whether the utilization of Overture can enhance students' motivation to learn aural musical skills. This quasi-experimental study only used quantitative data. The researchers chose 70 first-year Chinese music students as an intact group sample, from Hunan City University in China, The experimental group was taught using the Overture method, while the control group was taught using the conventional method. The intervention was for eight weeks. The researchers used pre-test, post-test, and questionnaires on learning motivation as instruments to collect the data. The data was analyzed using the SPSS program for Windows, version 25 (ANCOVA test). The results indicated that the experimental group performed significantly better and outperformed the control group in their overall scores in aural musical skills, melodic intervals, rhythmic patterns, monophonic music, and two-voice music, The experimental group also showed significantly higher motivation than the control group. In terms of pedagogical implications, this study suggests that music lecturers need to consider using Overture as an alternative method to improve aural musical skills among students and they have to be trained on how to utilize Overture for teaching music.
Loan delinquency in private sector banks in Kerala
Authors: Bosco K Jithin , Sudha B.
Published: September 2024

The Indian Banking Sector faces significant difficulties in recovering debt. The banker must understand the underlying causes of loan delinquency to address the problem efficiently. A delinquent loan becomes a NPL (Non Performing Loan) when the borrower failed to repay the loan for a period of 90 days or more. Delinquency is the sign of increased credit risk, warnings of willful default, poor asset quality management and operational inefficiency. It may help to predict the loan loss provision for the sub standard, doubtful and loss assets. This article explores the various causes of loan delinquencies of private-sector banks operating in Kerala. The analysis revealed that the retails and SMEs registered high level of loan delinquency. A significant difference was found between the old and new generation private sector banks for the Poor loan portfolio management, inadequate collateral, inadequate monitoring and follow-up. From the mean score it is evident that the NPA management in new generation private sector banks is appreciable when compared to old generation private sector banks.
Odysseus inside the Cyclop’s cave: Turnaround strategy and leadership insights from the struggle against Polyphemu
Authors: Α. Kakaletris Panagiotis , Kopsidas Odysseas
Published: September 2024

The present study aspires to perform a thorough examination of the notion of turnaround strategy process within the context of Homer’s Odyssey. More specifically, focusing on Odysseus’ struggle against the one-eyed Cyclop, Polyphemus, we seek to draw some interesting insights into the way a turnaround process unfolds, as well as its key attributes and components. Although the topic of turnaround strategy has attracted significant research attention over the last 50 years, the vast majority of extant studies has focused on the practices of formerly declining companies which mainly originate from developed countries. Furthermore, most of the existing studies are based on quantitative research methodologies, such as large sample surveys. The novelty of the present study is associated with the adoption of a multidisciplinary perspective, whereby modern strategic management and leadership theories are applied in order to analyze and interpret one of the greatest masterpieces of global literature, Homer’ Odyssey. This objective is attained through the employment of a qualitative, case study research methodology. More specifically, the symbolic analysis of Odyssey’s Book 9, indeed yielded some very interesting insights regarding the way a representative turnaround process unfolds, as well as the importance of effective leadership as part of such processes. Based on Odysseus’ actions and behaviors toward his companions during this crisis situation, we conclude that transformational leadership may be the most appropriate leadership style under extraordinary and emergency circumstances.
Shadows of fear: Extortion and protection racketeering amidst organized crime in South Africa
Authors: Mugambiwa Shingirai , Rakubu Kholofelo
Published: September 2024

This paper investigates organized crime networks that engage in extortion and protection racketeering in South Africa. Due to socio-economic hardships and weak institutional frameworks, criminals have employed fear and violence as a means to gain control over local communities and businesses illegally. The study employed a literature analysis of scholarly materials such as peer-reviewed journals, books, and reports by law enforcement agencies and nongovernmental organizations among others to gather knowledge on extortion and protection racketeering in organized crime in South Africa. The study examines the operational strategies and impacts of organised crime networks on extortion and protection racketeering on local economies as well as public safety. The findings review that there is an all-pervasive culture of fear which underlies blackmailing as well as racketeering activities thereby increasing the vulnerability of communities while undermining social cohesion. The paper concludes by recommending policies meant to improve law enforcement capability and community resilience against this threat on communities.
A systematic review of catching and comparing the most valuable gamification elements used in online learning
Authors: Ashwaq Munif Almutairi
Published: September 2024

Learning through games has exploded worldwide. Many students enjoy learning through gaming programs, and its effects on curricula and instruction have recently increased. Saleem et al. (2022) recommended further research to investigate the most valuable elements of gamified online learning empirically. Thus, this study systematically explored the gamified elements employed in online learning literature, focusing on identifying the most practical and valuable elements and aiming to provide insights that contribute to the existing knowledge of gaming techniques in online education.
Implementing Blended Learning within the TPMK Framework to Enhance Mathematics Teachers' Competence
Authors: Winarso Widodo , Udin Tamsik
Published: September 2024

The post Covid-19 pandemic opens opportunities for teachers to conduct innovative studis in the context of mathematics education. The blended learning model has become the primary choice implemented by teachers during mathematics learning activities in schools. However, discourse related to this matter is still limited. This research investigates the impact of implementing the blended learning model on the Technological Pedagogical and Mathematics Knowledge (TPMK) of mathematics teachers in Madrasah Aliyah (MA) in Indonesia.  post-Covid-19 pandemic. The research focuses on aspects of blended learning implementation, the level of TPMK of teachers, and the extent of its impact on the professional development of mathematics teachers. The research method used is correlational design, with data collection conducted through questionnaires given to MA teachers. The results show that implementing blended learning has a significant positive impact on improving the TPMK of mathematics teachers. Research recommendations include expanding training programs for teachers in technology integration, improving digital infrastructure in madrasas, providing incentives for learning innovations, and enhancing cooperation among madrasas. The implications of this research are crucial in providing significant contributions to the development of mathematics education in the madrasah environment. This research can be a foundation for developing more effective educational strategies and policies, particularly in facing and adapting to post-pandemic learning changes.
Surgery do save life in cervical spinal injury: 5 years study of a tertiary care in East Java, Indonesia
Authors: Pratamanugroho Ilham , Agung Irianto Komang , Widhiyanto Lukas , Lestari Pudji
Published: September 2024

Cervical spine has the most movement in spine therefore it has high risk of injury which may involve vertebrae, soft tissue and spinal cord. Trauma to cervical has highest risk of neurologic deficits due to spinal cord injury (SCI) causing high number of morbidity and mortality.  Retrospective study was conducted with descriptive-analytic design by total sampling of cervical spinal injury patients in Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital from January 2018 to June 2023. Patient demographic and survival analysis of patients was described using Kaplan-Meier chart and logistic regression test to find factors contributing to patients’ survival. Gender, age, mechanism of injury, surgical approach, duration, intra-operative bleeding, lesion level, time to surgery, and initial blood laboratory had no significant impact while neurological status and operative treatment have significant survival probability. Patients with American Spinal Injury Association Impairment Scale (AIS) A score have lower survival rate which associated with respiratory muscle weakness, cardiovascular and autonomic nervous system dysfunction. Any unstable cervical fracture is advised for surgery while decompression surgery is recommended for improving outcome and ease of rehabilitation. Clinical implication of this study recommends surgery for cervical spinal injury with 5.6 times more chance of survival than non-operative patients. Initial AIS neurological status and surgery performed contributes to survival. Level of cervical lesion, age, gender, mechanism of injury, surgical approach, duration, blood laboratory tests do not have a significant impact on survival while fastest time admission to surgery does not reflect higher chance of survival probability.
Climate change impact on Indonesian firm value: Exploring the moderating role of accounting conservatism
Authors: Sayuti Alfian , Farizal Mohammed Nor , Susanti Amirrudin Mira
Published: September 2024

Climate change is one of the risks that can occur in countries across the equator, such as Indonesia. Apart from its geographical location, the industrial sector is one of Indonesia’s highest contributors to emissions. This research examines the impact of climate change and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions on firm value, moderated by accounting conservatism. Firm value is measured by Tobin’s Q and the market-to-book ratio. The sample consists of high-profile manufacturing industries listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2020-2021, totalling 208 companies. The results show that climate change, GHG emission issues, and accounting conservatism significantly affect firm value, both directly and moderately. Furthermore, firm value measured using the market-to-book ratio is more sensitive than when measured using Tobin's Q. This study provides a different perspective on sustainability issues and contributes to signalling theory by testing non-financial and financial performance using the same model. To improve sustainability performance, firms and governments should consider the research findings when developing policies and regulations addressing environmental challenges.
Cash flow analysis: Red flag indicators of financial distress in Malaysian companies
Authors: Binti Mohd Ali Norfisah , Mat Rahim Nurhazrina
Published: September 2024

The unprecedented coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic devastated the world from early 2020 caused an economic decline impacting numerous companies worldwide, including Malaysia. Thus, companies should foresee financial distress to better prepare and establish mitigating measures for future challenges. One method to examine the financial situation of a company is by investigating the cash flow information. The study aims to investigate the relationship between cash flow patterns and financial distress. Data were gathered from 24 public listed companies in Bursa Malaysia from 2009 to 2019 and the study applied the binary logistic regression and chi-square analysis test for independence. The results indicated that companies with a negative cash flow from operating activities would more likely experience financial distress due to the inability to generate sufficient cash to cover operations, future investment, and long-term debt. Additionally, distressed companies tend to discard fixed assets/investments, or drawdown borrowings to relieve the cash deficit.
The concept of internet rights policy in Indonesia: A comparison from United States, European Union and Malaysia
Authors: Hutagalung Gunawan , Hartiwiningsih  , Gusti Ayu Ketut Rachmi Handayani I
Published: September 2024

The regulatory framework related to internet access is one of the criteria that influences a country’s level of digital competitiveness. Valuable lessons need to be learned from countries that have a better level of digital competitiveness than Indonesia. This article proposes a concept for regulating internet access rights in Indonesia in the era of digital transformation to increase Indonesia's digital competitiveness. Research methods used are analytic normatiques with a normative- based approach that USES secondary data sources of legislation, legal theories, principles of law and opinions by scholars. Research shows that there is a correlation between the framework's regulatory levels as a sub-grading factor with a country's final digital competitiveness rating so that a legal certainty can determine a country's digital competitiveness level. Indonesia has, to date, almost no certainty of the law. In contrast with countries in the United States, the European Union, and Malaysia, which already have clear, unequivocal legislation and regulation that govern Internet privileges.
A comparative analysis of single learning and ensemble learning approaches for the forecasting of electricity prices
Authors: Yaprakdal Fatma
Published: September 2024

Forecasting electricity prices accurately is imperative in deregulated power markets. Nonetheless, the intricate nature of electricity prices, characterized by high frequency and volatility, poses a challenge in building an effective forecasting model for policymakers and scientists. Precision in the electricity price prediction is crucial for providing valuable guidance to market participants, helping them maximize their benefits. In prior studies, various methods, including statistical models and artificial neural network models, have been used to forecast electricity prices. This study proposes three ensemble learning approaches - AdaBoost-LSTM, AdaBoost-BLSTM, and AdaBoost-GRU - which combine the AdaBoost algorithm with LSTM, Bi-LSTM, and GRU networks, respectively, to enhance the accuracy of electricity price predictions. The study aims to assess the effectiveness of the proposed models by comparing their predictive performance with that of single RNN-based models (LSTM, Bi-LSTM, GRU) using daily maximum electricity prices from 2004 to 2008. Notably, there has been no existing research that compares the effectiveness of these single and hybrid models. In the current literature, these single models are widely acknowledged as potent tools for improving forecasting accuracy. On the other hand, although the proposed ensemble learning approaches obtained using the AdaBoost boosting technique have been used in areas such as financial forecasting so far, they have never been used in electricity price forecasting. Accuracy assessment utilizing R-squared and MAPE clearly demonstrates that the AdaBoost-BLSTM approach performs very closely to, but better than, other boosting ensemble approaches, and significantly better than single models.
The fading social trust capital due to cybercrime in e-commerce transactions in Indonesia: the perspective of the electronic information and transaction law
Authors: Farida Any , Dimyati Khudzaifah , Absori  , Wardiono Kelik , Budiono Arief
Published: September 2024

Trade through electronic systems (e-commerce) is a prominent innovation of this current era. The growth of e-commerce in Indonesia is the highest in the world. Even so, there are threats to security in e-commerce due to cybercrimes, especially system interference. This leads to society’s fading trust to e-commerce businesses as a social capital. The Indonesian government has carried out efforts to prevent and handle cybercrimes through stipulations of the Law on Electronic Information and Transaction. Unfortunately, cybercrimes, especially disturbances to the electronic system, still rampantly happen Therefore, this research focuses on how far the Indonesian Law on Electronic Information and Transaction can reach that cybercrime. This was normative legal research which was a form of doctrinal legal research. It employed a data searching method in the form of library research, i.e., studying primary and secondary legal sources and analyzing them using the descriptive qualitative method with deductive logic. Results of this research showed that the Indonesian Law on Electronic Information and Transaction which keeps on experiencing amendments has not reached cybercrimes, especially crimes related to disturbances to the electronic system (system interference). It is not yet effective in guaranteeing the security of e-commerce transactions, leading to the fading of trust as a social capital. The amendment of the Law on Electronic Information and Transaction must be followed with the amendment of its implementing laws. Society must also be introduced to the importance of the Indonesian Law on Electronic Information and Transaction through massive and intensive education programs.
Impact of green financial funding on improving the financial efficiency of a sample of companies listed on the Iraq stock exchange
Authors: Shamkhi Mohan Russell , Munshid Muhammad Asaad
Published: September 2024

The aim of this research is to identify the impact of green financing on financial efficiency by highlighting the importance of financing green activities in supporting the financial efficiency of banks. In this research, the authors adopted the descriptive analytical method and the statistical method, where (75) questionnaires were distributed to a research sample consisting of three banks: Al-Ahli Bank of Iraq, Middle East Bank, and North Bank. The questionnaires were transcribed and analyzed using Microsoft Excel. The research concluded that green financing contributes to financing sustainable activities and protecting the environment. The research also found that the interest in green financing enhances the efficiency of bank management in facing risks, while green financing has a weak impact on the performance and financial efficiency of banks. The research recommends that banks focus on sustainability and renewable energy sectors, increase investors' and customers' awareness of green activities, and emphasize the importance of green financing in achieving sustainable development.