bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Tumbuh Kembang Anak Usia SD Berdasarkan Fisik dan Mental
Authors: Kurniawan Eka Yulayawan , Indriyani Indriyani , Balqis Luthfia
Published: July 2024

The age period between 6-12 years is a transition from pre-school to primary school (SD). This period is also known as the transition from early childhood to late childhood until just before pre-puberty. Physical growth develops rapidly and their health conditions improve. In addition to physical growth, there is also mental development of elementary school-age children that involves various important aspects affecting cognitive, emotional, and social development. The purpose of this article is to delve deeper into the Physical and Mental Development of Elementary School-Age Children. The type of research used in this study is a literature study (Library Research) with a qualitative research approach. The data collection technique used in this study is documentary study. The data sources used are books and journals related to the chosen topic. The data analysis used in this study is content analysis. The results obtained are the physical growth of elementary school-age children, namely a) the average during this period is 3-3.5 kg and 6 cm or 2.5 inches per year; b) head circumference grows only 2-3 cm during this period, indicating slow brain growth as the myelination process is complete at the age of 7 years; c) 6-year-old boys tend to weigh around 21 kg, approximately 1 kg heavier than girls. The mental development of elementary school-age children involves various important aspects that affect their cognitive, emotional, and social development. Piaget's cognitive development consists of several stages, namely: (1) Sensorimotor stage (0-2 years); (2) Preoperational (2-7 years); (3) Concrete operational (7-11 years); and (4) Formal operation (11-15 years). Emotional development is also very important in a child's development. This emotional development will go hand in hand with the child's social development.
A Hybrid Steepest-descent Scheme for Convex Minimization over Optimization Problems
Authors: Arfat Yasir , Ghafoort Ihsan Ul , Cho Yeol Je
Published: July 2024

Within the context of Hilbert spaces, we demonstrate the robust convergence of a hybrid steepest-descent approximant towards a solution for a convex minimization problem. This problem is situated within the space of solutions for equilibrium problems and the fixed point set of a finite family of η-demimetric operators. Additionally, we present numerical results that shed light on the effectiveness of the proposed approximants, offering insights into potential applications.
Study of the Psychophysiological Characteristics of Women across Different Trimesters of Pregnancy
Authors: Kirakosyan Meri , Ghazaryan Karine
Published: July 2024

Key words: pregnancy, stress, anxiety, sex hormones, health, nervous system

Considering the importance of the issue of preserving the health of pregnant women and their babies, we attempted to study some psychophysiological indicators of pregnant women, since one of the main risk factors for their health is stressors. A comparative analysis of the psychophysiological indicators of women in different trimesters of pregnancy was also conducted. Using the methodology for assessing the level of stress by V. Ya. Shcherbatykh and the methodology for assessing the level of individual and situational anxiety by Ch. D. Spielberger, Ya. L. Khanin, it was revealed that half (50 %) of the pregnant women in the surveyed sample from Vanadzor city had an emphasized, high, and dangerous level of stress. These indicators were more highlighted in the first trimester of pregnancy (in 57 % of the surveyed women), in the second trimester the stress level slightly decreases (in 40.7 %), and in the third trimester, there is again a tendency for an increase in the level of stress (in 54.6 %). Almost half (47 %) of the surveyed women had a high level of situational anxiety, and this indicator was also noticeably higher in the first trimester of pregnancy (67 %). Considering the aforementioned, we suggest experts (neuropathologists, psychologists, psychiatrists) monitor the mental and physical well-being of pregnant women, especially during the first three months of pregnancy. This initiative aims to facilitate the timely provision of assistance based on psychophysiological indicators.
Environmentally Responsible Behavior and Disaster Preparedness among Public Elementary School Teachers
Authors: Marie Joy Gaurano, ,   Department of Education & Laguna State Polytechnic University, Edilberto Z., EdD Andal, ,   Laguna State Polytechnic University, Del Remedio, San Pablo City, Laguna Philippines
Published: July 2024

The study on “Environmentally Responsible Behavior and Disaster Preparedness Among Public Elementary School Teachers” is conducted in Lucena City Division consisting of 135 teachers in public elementary teachers in Brgy. Gulang- Gulang. The purpose of this study is to determine the relationship between environmentally responsible behavior and disaster preparedness. The Descriptive-Correlational research design was adopted and the statistical tools such as mean and standard deviation were utilized to test the relationship of the independent and dependent variables. The research findings prove that environmentally responsible behavior has a significant relationship with the disaster preparedness of teachers. This study recommends: Enhancing a Disaster Preparedness Committee or Crisis Management Committee composed of the school head, teachers, and PTA officers and identifying their duties and responsibilities in terms of disaster preparedness. Enhance a simple andclear DRRM plan suited to the school's risks and vulnerabilities. Strengthen regular or scheduled drills and training to familiarize learners, educators, and employees with emergency procedures. Provide emergency supplies such as first aid kits, flashlights, batteries, bottled water, and non-perishable food. Strengthen disaster awareness into the school curriculum to ensure that learners understand the possible hazards as well as how to mitigate them. Regularly assess and update the school's DRRM planning to reflect on changes in the school environment, such as infrastructure improvements and modifications.
Concept of Constructive Discretion in The Transformation of Gold Mining Governance in West Kalimantan Region
Authors: RISMANTO PIPIT ,   Fakultas Hukum, Universitas Trisakti
Published: July 2024

Indonesian is a country of law, where the laws themselves are made with the aim of providing certainty, justice and benefit to society. With the existence of law, it should be possible to maintain social security and order and solve problems that exist in society. However, in reality, the law in Indonesia has not been able to fully resolve all existing problems, such as gold mining activities without permits or often called PETI which are rife in West Kalimantan Province. PETI activities are indeed beneficial for some communities and certain groups to meet their living needs because it is difficult to find work. However, on the other hand, PETI activities also have many problems, such as legal violations, massive environmental damage, and health problems due to the use of dangerous mercury. From the results of the law enforcement of PETI crimes carried out by the West Kalimantan Regional Police, it turns out that it has not been running optimally, because there is still resistance and even resistance from the community. Therefore, there is a need for problem solving or problem solving which is not only regulated in law, but can be realized by synergizing the central and regional governments and other related apparatus in creating a concept of constructive discretion in the transformation of gold mining governance as a recommendation for solving existing problems. exists, and of course it is hoped that it will provide benefits to society, the country and the environment.
อนุสัญญาว่าด้วยการคุ้มครองเด็กและความร่วมมือในการรับรองบุตรบุญธรรมระหว่างประเทศ ค.ศ. 1993 : ศึกษากรณีการตีความหลักประโยชน์สูงสุดของเด็กในการรับรองบุตรบุญธรรมระหว่างประเทศในประเทศไทย
Authors:   , สอนกลิ่น อุไรวรรณ
Published: July 2024

การดำเนินการรับรองบุตรบุญธรรมระหว่างประเทศภายใต้อนุสัญญาว่าด้วยการคุ้มครองเด็กและความร่วมมือในการรับรองบุตรบุญธรรมระหว่างประเทศ ค.ศ. 1993 จำเป็นจะต้องพิจารณาหลักประโยชน์สูงสุดของเด็ก ซึ่งเป็นหลักที่ได้รับการรับรองในอนุสัญญาว่าด้วยสิทธิเด็ก ค.ศ. 1989 โดยมีแนวทางการตีความที่ต้องคำนึงถึงหลัก “Subsidiarity" และหลัก “Non – discrimination" เป็นสำคัญ แต่เนื่องจากอนุสัญญา HCCH มิได้บัญญัติถึงนิยามหลักประโยชน์สูงสุดของเด็กไว้เป็นการเฉพาะ ส่งผลให้รัฐภาคีอาจปรับใช้และตีความหลักประโยชน์สูงสุดของเด็กแตกต่างกันตามสภาพสังคมและข้อเท็จจริงที่เกิดขึ้นกับเด็ก ประเทศไทยซึ่งเป็นรัฐภาคีภายใต้อนุสัญญา HCCH ได้ยอมรับอนุสัญญานี้มาใช้ภายในประเทศโดยการปรับใช้จากกฎหมายภายในที่มีอยู่ และมิได้ตรากฎหมายเพื่อรับรองการรับบุตรบุญธรรมระหว่างประเทศไว้โดยเฉพาะ จึงพบปัญหาในการปรับใช้และตีความหลักประโยชน์สูงสุดของเด็กในประเทศไทย เนื่องจากกฎหมายภายในและหลักเกณฑ์ที่เกี่ยวข้องของประเทศไทยนั้นมิได้มีการกำหนดถึงหลัก “Subsidiarity" ไว้ ด้วยเหตุนี้ ผู้เขียนจึงได้ศึกษาถึงเนื้อหาของหลักประโยชน์สูงสุดของเด็กภายใต้อนุสัญญาว่าด้วยการคุ้มครองเด็กและความร่วมมือในการรับรองบุตรบุญธรรมระหว่างประเทศ ค.ศ. 1993 ตลอดจนแนวทางการปรับใช้หลักประโยชน์สูงสุดของเด็กในกฎหมายของรัฐภาคีอื่นประกอบกับการศึกษากฎหมายและหลักเกณฑ์ที่เกี่ยวข้องของประเทศไทย และผู้เขียนเห็นว่าควรมีการตรากฎหมายหรือหลักเกณฑ์เพิ่มเติมเพื่อรับรองบุตรบุญธรรมระหว่างประเทศ ด้วยการกำหนดให้ต้องพิจารณาถึงหลัก “Subsidiarity" ด้วย ทั้งนี้ เพื่อให้การดำเนินการรับรองบุตรบุญธรรมระหว่างประเทศของประเทศไทยสอดคล้องกับอนุสัญญานี้และมีประสิทธิภาพมากขึ้น
Pendampingan Untuk Pengajuan Indeks Google Scholar Pada Journal Of English Education And Linguistics (JEELi) Universitas Asahan
Authors: Dian Dian Anggraini Harahap , Ginting Datulina , Siregar Eva Rosalina , Dailami Dailami , Siregar Mannawasalwa
Published: July 2024

Universitas Asahan memiliki situs webnya sendiri untuk mempublikasikan jurnal, termasuk Journal of English Education and Linguistics (JEELi). JEELi perlu diindeks agar jurnal yang dipublikasikan dapat mendapatkan akreditasi dan meningkatkan reputasi JEELi. Pengabdian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan dukungan dalam pengajuan indeks Google Scholar untuk Journal of English Education and Linguistics (JEELi) di Universitas. Proses pendampingan terdiri dari dua sesi, yaitu panduan pembuatan akun di Google Scholar dan bimbingan dalam mengajukan indeks Google Scholar. Hasil dari pengabdian ini menunjukkan bahwa proses berjalan dengan baik, karena mitra berhasil membuat akun di Google Scholar dan mengajukan permohonan indeks Google Scholar yang sedang dalam proses. Keindeksan jurnal di Google Scholar memberikan manfaat yang besar bagi peneliti, akademisi, dan institusi pendidikan. Dengan tingkat keterlihatan yang lebih tinggi, validitas yang ditingkatkan, kolaborasi yang lebih mudah, akses terbuka, dan dampak positif bagi institusi, Google Scholar menjadi alat yang sangat berharga dalam konteks penelitian ilmiah. Oleh karena itu, peneliti dan akademisi seharusnya memanfaatkan Google Scholar untuk meningkatkan pengaruh penelitian mereka dan berperan dalam kemajuan ilmu pengetahuan
Training Dan Pengajaran Toefl Preparation Pada Bagian Structure Bagi Siswa SMAN 2 Tanjungbalai
Authors: Ginting Datulina , Harahap Dian Anggraini , Dailami Dailami , Panjaitan Agustina
Published: July 2024

Pelatihan tes TOEFL adalah program yang dirancang untuk membantu peserta tes mempersiapkan diri secara efektif untuk menghadapi ujian TOEFL. Pelatihan ini dapat mencakup berbagai aspek, termasuk pemahaman format tes, strategi menjawab soal, latihan soal, dan peningkatan keterampilan berbahasa Inggris secara umum. Pengabdian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan pemahaman dan pengetahuan kepada siswa SMAN 2 Tanjungbalai tentang TOEFL dan startegi apa yang dipakai untuk menjawab soal khususnya dalam bagian structure. Metode yang digunakan dalam pelatihan ini adalah ABCD (Asset Based Community Development). Hasil kegiatan menunjukkan bahwa siswa SMAN 2 Tanjungbalai mendapatkan tambahan wawasan dan ilmu pengetahuan tentang TOEFL dan cara menjawab soal dalam bagian structure sehingga mereka bisa menjawab soal dengan cepat dan juga tepat.
 
TOEFL test training is a program designed to help test takers prepare themselves effectively for the TOEFL exam. This training can cover various aspects, including understanding the test format, strategies for answering questions, practicing questions, and improving general English language skills. This service aims to provide understanding and knowledge to SMAN 2 Tanjungbalai students about TOEFL and what strategies to use to answer questions, especially in the structure section. The method used in this training is ABCD (Asset Based Community Development). The results of the activity showed that SMAN 2 Tanjungbalai students gained additional insight and knowledge about TOEFL and how to answer questions in the structure section so that they could answer questions quickly and correctly
Sosialisasi Pengujian Alat Infant Warmer Berbasis Mikrokontroller ATMega8535
Authors: Sri Ulina  , M. Aldi Primasyukra  , Kristian Tarigan
Published: July 2024

Perkembangan Ilmu Pengetahuan dan Teknologi sangat berpengaruh pada kehidupan manusia khususnya dalam bidang kesehatan, karena kesehatan itu sendiri adalah kebutuhan manusia sejak lahir. Dunia kesehatan itu sendiri tidak bisa lepas dari perkembangan teknologi dan sudah menjadi kebutuhan primer untuk menunjang kelangsungan dalam proses pelayanan medis. Kecanggihan alat-alat medik yang menunjang fasilitas kesehatan tersebut tentunya sebanding dengan tenaga ahli dibidangnya. Hal ini menjadi tuntutan utama dikarenakan alat-alat yang digunakan akan berhubungan langsung dengan manusia. Infant Warmer adalah perangkat medis yang dirancang khusus untuk memberikan suhu tubuh yang stabil kepada bayi baru lahir atau premature. Tujuan utama dari penggunaan infant warmer adalah untuk mencegah hipotermia, yaitu kondisi suhu tubuh yang terlalu rendah, yang dapat menyebabkan masalah kesehatan serius pada bayi. Infant warmer biasanya dilengkapi dengan fitur-fitur seperti kontrol suhu yang akurat, sensor suhu tubuh bayi, dan keamanan tambahan seperti pengaman suhu dan perlindungan terhadap overheat. Perangkat ini dapat digunakan dalam ruang perawatan intensif neonatal (NICU), ruang bayi di rumah sakit, atau bahkan dalam situasi darurat saat persalinan di luar rumah sakit.
PMKM Pojok Literasi Berbasis Digital Di Di SDS Bundo Kandung Kecamatan Medan Polonia, Kota Medan Provinsi Sumatera Utara
Authors: Khairina Isni , Siregar Rumnasari K. , Fadhilah Diena , Nizma Cut , Lukcyhasnita Andam
Published: July 2024

Di Sekolah Dasar Bundo Kandung yang telah kami survei, ternyata sekolah tersebut tidak memiliki sarana dan prasana yang berbasis IT di ruang membacanya. Bahkan sekolah tersebut juga belum bisa membuat perpustakaan yang sangat bagus dan lengkap. Mereka hanya mempunyai ruang baca dengan ukuran yang sangat kecil, yang hanya menampung 8 orang saja untuk dapat bisa membaca. Lapangan sekolah yang luasnya 900 meter, akan diambil sedikit lahannya untuk pembuatan taman baca berbasis digital. Kehadiran Pojok Literasi Berbasis Digital ini membawa misi khusus yaitu membudayakan minat baca peserta didik yang sejauh ini masih dinilai rendah. Serta memberikan fasilitas yang nyaman dan kondusif bagi siswa untuk meningkatkan literasi informasi. Literasi informasi merupakan kemampuan seseorang dalam mencari, mengoleksi, mengevaluasi atau menginterpresentasikan dan mengkomunikasikan informasi dari berbagai sumber secara efektif dan efisien. Oleh karena itu tim pengabdian akan membuat taman berbasis digital yang dapat menampung lebih banyak lagi peserta didik dalam meningkatkan minat literasinya. Tim pengabdian juga menggunakan media aplikasi Ruang Guru dalam membantu peserta didik dan guru untuk proses belajar dan mengajar di Sekolah Dasar Bundo Kandung.
SISTEM KEAMANAN BRANKAS MENGGUNAKAN KUNCI OTOMATIS DENGAN SMS
Authors: Nurul Chafid  , Zulkifli
Published: July 2024

Along with the developments in the world of information technology and computer network technology is increasing rapidly with the increase in technology, the evil in the world or in the virtual world is rapidly increasing with the advent of the hackers, and other snippets, thus pursued a variety of ways to secure the data and perhaps valuable goods, and the crime rate is quite high, especially in the theft of money to encourage the establishment of a safe deposit box safety device that is capable of providing effective security. This device consists of several important parts namely part series Microcontroller AT89S51, Wavecom GSM module, Solenoid and hand phones as a medium to transmit data. This tool is designed as a safety system that is applied to the key safe that works automatically. This security system using microcontroller AT89S51 as the central data processing of all existing systems. The working principle of this system is always active when the tool is connected to the voltage source. The system utilizes hand phones media that serves to send an SMS containing the password to access the safe, then the SMS will be received by the GSM module and processed by a microcontroller.
Differentialgenus. Substantivierte Adjektive und Partizipien im Sorbischen unter dem Aspekt genderlinguistischer Präferenzen
Authors: Menzel Thomas
Published: July 2024

Differentialgenus. Partizipien im Sorbischen unter dem Aspekt genderlinguistischer Präferenzen
Beim Differentialgenus der substantivierten Adjektive und Partizipien wird auf das weib­liche/männliche Geschlecht personaler Referenten lediglich mit genusspezifischen Flexi­onsendungen verwiesen. Das ermöglicht einen symmetrischen Ausdruck von Genus- und Geschlechtsunterschieden, der genderlinguistischen Präferenzen in besonderer Weise entspricht. In dieser Studie wird der Bestand solcher Substantivierungen in der Online­lexikografie des Nieder- und Obersorbischen untersucht. Erstens wird geprüft, ob diese Formen genuspaarig auftreten. Zweitens wird anhand von semantischen und formalen Kriterien untersucht, ob sie als Lehnübersetzungen aus dem Deutschen die genderlin­gu­istischen Präferenzen der großen Kontaktsprache ins Sorbische übertragen könnten. Das gilt in beiden sorbischen Sprachen für knapp die Hälfte der Substantivierungen. Die aktuelle Lexikografie des Niedersorbischen verhält sich hinsichtlich der Genuspaarigkeit von Substantivierungen regelmäßiger als die obersorbische Onlinelexikografie.
SANATTA TAKLİT VE ÖZGÜNLÜK BAĞLAMINDA TEVFİK FİKRET’İN “HÂN-I YAĞMA” ADLI ŞİİRİ
Authors: Bayrak Akyıldız Hülya
Published: July 2024

"Türk edebiyatında kimi eserlerin zaman zaman taklit ve intihal bağlamında tartışıldığını görülür. Bunlardan biri de Tevﬁk Fikret’in “Hân-ı Yağma” adlı şiiridir. Türk şiirinin önce İran edebiyatından Tanzimat’tan sonra da Batılı kaynaklardan etkilendiği gerçektir. Ancak bütün bu taklit-intihal-çalıntı tartışmaları, sanaKa özgünlük tartışmasından bağımsız değildir. Sanatın bireysel ve özgün olması görece modern bir kavramdır çünkü sanat çoğunlukla bir gelenek içinde üretilir ve taklit, esinlenme, usta-çırak ilişkisi onun bir parçasıdır. Her sanatçı çevresindeki sanatçılardan, sanat eserlerinden, kendi çağının paradigmalarından etkilenir; önemli olan bu etkilerle daha önce var olmayan bir şey inşa etmesi ya da taklit eKiği şeyi kendine özgü hale getirebilmesidir.
“Hân-ı Yağma” şiiri, Joyeuse Vie’den ve Ruy Blas’ın tiradından esinlenirse de Tevﬁk Fikret’in bu malzemeyle kurduğu şiir Türk şiiri içinde yeni ve radikal bir tutumu ifade eder. Türk edebiyatında Hugo’nun, Baudelaire’in, Mallarmé’nin imgeleri sıkça kopyalanmıştır ancak bu malzeme içine girdiği yeni şiir geleneğinde yeni bir terkibe ulaşmıştır. Esinlenme zinciri hiçbir zaman nesnel olarak ortaya konamaz ve her eser az ya da çok metinlerarasıdır. Bu nedenle eserin kendisinden, yani etkileştiği, esinlendiği ya da yeniden yazdığı malzemeyle ne oluşturduğundan hareketle değer tayini yapılmalıdır. “Hân-ı Yağma”, taklit ettiği ögeleri aşan bir değere sahiptir.
MODEL PEMBELAJARAN PADA BASIS SENTRA DALAM PENGEMBANGAN KEMAMPUAN BERBAHASA ANAK USIA DINI DI KB DAN TK ISLAMIC CENTER SAMARINDA
Authors: Hidayah Lailatul
Published: July 2024

The purposes of this research were to describe the design of learning models on a central base in developing expressive language skills, describe the implementation of the learning model on a center base in developing expressive language skills, describe the development of early childhood expressive language skills in KB and Kindergarten Islamic Center Samarinda. The research method used a qualitative approach, and the type of research used a case study. The research respondents were educators and students. The data were collected by interview, observation, and documentation. The data collected was then analyzed by reduction, presentation, and verification. Checking the trustworthiness of the data in this study was carried out by testing the validity of the data. Extending participation, triangulation, and peer discussion was pursued to obtain guaranteed credibility data while confirming ability was done with research results associated with the research process, triangulation, and data sources. The research results showed that learning design on a central base, implementation of learning models on a central base, and development of children's expressive language skills had significantly changed, and an improvement in expressive language skills.
PENGUKURAN KADAR FLAVONOID TOTAL EKSTRAK ETANOL & FRAKSI ETIL ASETAT DAUN JERUK PURUT (Citrus hystrix DC) DENGAN METODE SPEKTROFOTOMETRI UV-VIS
Authors: Rizky Saputra Dewa , Melati Rika , Karimah Umul
Published: July 2024

This study measured the total flavonoid content of 70% ethanol extract and the ethyl acetate fraction of kaffir lime leaves (Citrus hystrix DC). The purpose of this study was to measure the total flavonoid content of the 70% ethanol extract and the ethyl acetate fraction of kaffir lime leaves (Citrus hystrix DC). Extraction of the chemical content of kaffir lime leaves (Citrus hystrix DC) was carried out by maceration and remaceration extraction processes using ethanol and to measure the metabolite compounds. flavonoids in total and separate other metabolites by a fractionation process,). Measurement of total flavonoid content of ethanol extract and ethyl acetate fraction by UV-Vis spectrophotometry. The results showed that the total flavonoid content of kaffir lime leaves (Citrus DChystrix DC) from the ethanol extract contained a total flavonoid content of 14,380 mgQE/g and the ethyl acetate fraction contained a total flavonoid content of 44,287 mgQE/g.
PERANCANGAN INTERIOR RUANG REKTORAT UNU KALTIM SEBAGAI UPAYA PENINGKATAN PRODUKTIVITAS KARYAWAN: PENDEKATAN PSIKOLOGI RUANG
Authors: Arifin Fitriyani
Published: July 2024

The office has a important significant role in daily activities. The office is where various work activities are carried out, such as processing data, collecting and distributing information to achieve organizational goals. Every institution needs a well-functioning office to carry out its activities. However, the implementation of the interior design of the UNU Kaltim Rector's Office has shortcomings that are not yet able to support the needs of workers. This has impact on worker satisfaction in optimizing their performance to carry out their activities. Researchers used descriptive qualitative methods regarding spatial psychology theory. The analysis techniques used are data reduction, data presentation, and conclusions. After the research was completed, it continued by designing the interior of the UNU Kaltim rector's office using modern natural concepts and psychological aspects of space. Moreover, applying psychological aspects could improveemployee work productivity.
The Human Spaceship – Off Balance
Authors: Schell Helen l ,   The British Interplanetary Society
Published: July 2024

New 21st century space endeavours have resulted in the need for extensive research into altered gravity’s impact on visual physiology and perception, so how do artists inaugurate innovation using creative thinking to enhance this research? Human spaceflight scientists acknowledge the requirement for the entire range of human skills to achieve such challenging goals, so can they rely on scientific methodology alone? The Human Spaceship, a pioneering and visionary project, unites art and science, through the production, publication, and public display of bold paintings of scale. Space is like a giant optical illusion, compared with Earth, causing visual aberrations and physical alterations. As the only artist, worldwide, extensively interrogating this topic, it adds to knowledge and innovation within the field of perception in space sciences and art practice. This is shown through artworks depicting colour, line and form, using geometric optical illusions to express visual conditions on the International Space Station, Moon and Mars with an investigative document examining many visual and psychological considerations. Holistically, it will be seen that human space exploration and survival must consider the creative enhancements of art, architecture, geometric proportion and colour, making the urgent case for space agencies and industries to collaborate and fund artistic enterprises.
Interpretation of traditional tokens in modern society at early school age
Authors: Bursać Gordana
Published: July 2024

The paper presents the research of tokens in the reading material for the first grade of primary school prescribed by the plan and program of the Ministry of Science and published by the publishing house "Draganić", Novi Sad, 2005. The corpus for the research are literary works (reading material) for the first grade of primary school. The aim of the research is to determine the ability of first-grade elementary school students to learn literary lexemes from literary works that have a low frequency and that have no relational frequency. The research method is quantitative analysis and statistical processing of language units according to the principle of frequency ratios, with the selection of key tokens from literary works, marking of increasing and decreasing frequencies with ratio frequency and without ratio frequency according to the Electronic Corpus of Serbian Language (ECSL), and the technique is surveying. The survey for the first grade of primary school is the instrument developed for this research. In this paper, we are dealing with the use of tokens in literary works, limited to the age of the first grade of elementary school, which is a new problem that has not been dealt with until now, so we are following the example of research that deals with the study of lexemes intended for children from the aspect of quantitative use. Due to the fact that such studies on a specific corpus of literary lexemes for different school ages have not been carried out before in our area, this research makes a significant contribution to the topic it deals with. The basic findings point to the fact that there is a large number of tokens that have a low frequency, as well as those that appear without frequency of relationship in ECSL (Electronic Corpus of Serbian Language). Also, it was found that the students are not interested in reading the reading material due to the inability to understand the text and the reception of literary lexemes in the assigned reading material, so the assumptions about the impossibility of reception and then interpretation of the assigned literary works at the early elementary school age were confirmed.
Effects of Road and Bridge Infrastructure Development on the Local Economy in Tabalong Regency
Authors: Andrianto Agus , Udiansyah Udiansyah , Yunani Ahmad
Published: July 2024

Infrastructure development, particularly in the form of roads and bridges, plays a pivotal role in driving economic advancement and improving societal well-being in Tabalong Regency. This study aims to comprehensively evaluate the economic impacts of road and bridge infrastructure investments in Tabalong Regency. Utilizing secondary data sourced from the Tabalong Regency Statistics Office (BPS), the research employs a quantitative approach, primarily through regression analysis, to examine the relationship between infrastructure investments and economic indicators. The findings reveal significant positive correlations between infrastructure development and various economic metrics. Enhanced road and bridge networks are shown to facilitate smoother transportation of goods and people, reduce logistical costs, and improve market accessibility for businesses. This, in turn, stimulates economic activities, boosts productivity, and attracts investments into the region. Moreover, improved infrastructure supports the development of other sectors such as tourism, agriculture, and manufacturing, creating a multiplier effect on economic growth. Based on the research outcomes, it is recommended that Tabalong Regency continues to prioritize and invest in infrastructure projects, particularly those related to roads and bridges. Sustained investments in infrastructure not only support current economic activities but also lay the groundwork for future development opportunities.
A Case Report of MELAS Syndrome in a 7-year-old Girl Presented with Neurological Manifestations at Northwest General Hospital and Research Centre, Peshawar, Pakistan
Authors: Ghulam Moula , Akbar Mubashir , Khan Imran , Anthony Nouman , Idrees Talha , Ali Sajid
Published: July 2024

MELAS is a mitochondrial disorder called mitochondrial encephalomyopathy, lactic acidosis, and stroke-like events that largely affect the muscles and neurological system. MELAS manifests in children or young adults as repeated episodes of localized neurological impairments, headache, myopathy, and encephalopathy. We present a case of 7-year-old patient presented with epilepsy, recurrent vomiting and reduced vision for over a year. She underwent routine blood sampling which showed high lactic acid, high serum potassium and high ALP. After which a CT brain was conducted showing atrophied areas of brain along with ventricular dilation. Therefore, a diagnosis of MELAS syndrome was made and was treated accordingly.
Effect Of Age and Gender On The Frequency Distribution of Covid -19 Infection In Karbala Province
Authors: Fatima Mutasher Swadi,  , Fatin Hasim Al.Mosawi  , Zainab A.AL-Ali  , Ali Mansoor Al Ameri
Published: July 2024

Background: The worldwide infection with Covid-19 represents an extraordinary threat to global populations health due to fast distribution and life-threatening complications. Despite the fact that Covid-19 affects all ages and both genders, it is now known that the pandemic affects certain age groups, namely the adults, more severely than children. Meanwhile, gender might have a further impact on the distribution of the disease. The most suitable explanation of this variation in the disease distribution among different ages and genders is the variable immune status of these different demographic phases of life. In addition, there are other possible mechanisms that represent a rich area of research and investigation. Collectively, the effect of both age and gender on the epidemiology of Covid-19 needs to be further studied and analyzed on a wider scale of sample size and standardized conditions.
Aim of the study: to evaluate and analyse the effect of age and gender on the frequency distribution of Covid-19 infection.
Method: A cross-sectional survey study was done during the period from June 2020 through August 2021. Individual and institutional consent was taken prior to the study. Records of the centers of Covid-19- specialized hospitals in Karbala, Iraq, were considered and analyzed using the SPSS statistic app. The study included a total of 2369 patients infected with Covid-19 were selected randomly. They were diagnosed by a specialist physician according to the current standard guidelines. The age range of the patients varies from two years to upto107 years)
Results: Data of the current study revealed that 1479 patients of the total number were males while only 890 were females. There was a significant difference in the disease distribution between males and females, p-value < 0.05, where males are more frequently affected than females in almost all age groups. Analysis of age effect on the distribution of the infection using the f test has shown that adults are more significantly affected than children. Additionally, the age groups (35-44 yrs) are more prone to infection than other age groups for males. While the number of infections among females peaks at age intervals (45-54 yrs), p-value < 0.05.
Conclusion: It was concluded that the male gender has significantly more predilection for the infection with Covid-19 than the female gender. Secondly, young and middle-aged adults’ males are more prone to infection than other age groups. While the number of infections among females peaks at a little bit older age. Finally, adults are affected more frequently than children less than 18 years old.
The Potential of Urease Enzyme from Staphylococcus Aureus to Stabilize Blood Concentration Levels
Authors: Rawaa Thamir Alasadi  , Rasha Mohammed Hayder  , Hassanain Jwad Abidalhussein
Published: July 2024

Our current research involves investigating the potential of the urease enzyme produced by staphylococcus aureus to preserve the stability of blood concentration levels. It enables it to fulfill its function in maintaining the equilibrium of the blood concentration level, which involves preventing blood clotting within the body and completing the blood clotting process in the event of a wound; this is accomplished by producing an enzyme with a neutral acid function (PH) and a concentration that maintains the concentration and flow of blood in the circulatory system's bloodstream. The initial step in the production of the enzyme urease involves the isolation and diagnosis of bacteria under standard conditions, which is achieved through the culture of bacteria. The second step consists of extracting and purifying staphylococcus aureus through a secondary culture process. Centrifugation is employed for sedimentation and extraction, while ion exchange is used for chromatography
Penerapan Pendidikan Keberagam (Multikultural Dan Pluralisme) pada SMAK Waingapu di Sumba Timur
Authors: Syahputra Andrian Wira , Bethan Umar Ali
Published: July 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui penerapan pendidikan keberagaman (multikultural dan pluralisme) baik dari kondisi keberagaman, strategi penerapan dan tantangan serta hambatan pada SMAK Waingapu di Sumba Timur. Penelitian ini menggunakan kualitatif dengan pendekatan fenomenologis di mana peneliti menginterpretasikan serta menjelaskan pengalaman-pengalaman yang dialami seseorang dalam menjalani hidupnya, termasuk pengalaman berinteraksi dengan orang lain dan lingkungannya. Sumber data primer dalam penelitian ini yaitu 5 orang guru dan 10 orang siswa sedangkan sumber data sekunder merupakan dokumen catatan atau foto kegiatan pelaksanaan keberagaman di sekolah. Dalam penelitian kualitatif, data diperoleh dari berbagai sumber dengan menggunakan teknik triangulasi keabsahan data, sehingga data dikumpulkan secara terus menerus hingga datanya jenuh. Metode analisis kualitatif non statistik, dimana komponen reduksi data, dan sajian data dilakukan bersamaan dengan proses pengumpulan data setelah data terkumpul, tiga komponen analisis (reduksi, data, sajian, penarikan kesimpulan) berinteraksi. Strategi penerapan pendidikan keberagaman di SMAK Waingapu sudah dilakukan dengan menerapkan atau mengaplikasikan pendidikan keberagaman (multikultural dan pluralisme) dalam beberapa mata pelajaran sekolah, seperti mata pelajaran, Pendidikan Pancasila dan Kewarga Negaraan, Pendidikan Agama Kristen, mata pelajaran Sosial Budaya Dasar (SBD) Serta Etika Kristen. Ini menandakan bahwa SMAK Waingapu memahami jika penerapan pendidikan pada sekolah keagamaan sangat diperlukan demi memberikan pemahaman dasar kepada para siswa tentang Multikultural dan pluralisme negara Indonesia. Faktor-faktor yang mendukung terlaksananya pendidikan multikultural dalam pembelajaran adalah lingkungan dan iklim sekolah, materi dan metode pembelajaran, program dan kegiatan sekolah, kegiatan ekstrakurikuler (bakat dan minat), dan kesadaran siswa. Tantangan dan Hambatan Internal yang dialami oleh sekolah SMAK Waingapu adalah, masih kurangnya Poster-poster tentang pendidikan multikultural dan pluralisme di sekolah dimana hal itu sangat dibutuhkan untuk menarik perhatian siswa terkait persoalan multikulturalisme serta wadah yang cukup efektif untuk mengkampanyekan keberagaman bagi siswa. Selain itu masih ada sebagian siswa yang bersikap sukuisme, hal tersebut nampak dari siswa yang sering berkumpul secara berkelompok dengan sesama sukunya sendiri tanpa melibatkan siswa dari suku lain, ini harus menjadi perhatian khusus sekolah agarpraktik sukuisme ini menjadi perhatian khusus sekolah agar lebih menanamkan kesadaran bhineka tunggal ika dalam pemahaman anak didik.
Vereinsverbote zum Schutze der Menschenwürde
Authors: Koch Thorsten
Published: July 2024

Mit dem Verbot der „COMPACT-Magazin GmbH“ und der „CONSPECT FILM GmbH“ ist nach Ansicht der zuständigen Bundesinnenministerin Nancy Faeser „ein harter Schlag gegen die rechtsextremistische Szene“ erfolgt. Als in der Verfassung vorgesehenes Instrument spricht vieles dafür, Vereinsverbote angesichts der aktuellen Herausforderungen, denen sich der freiheitliche Verfassungsstaat gegenübersieht, verstärkt in den Blick zu nehmen.  Der schlichte Hinweis auf die grundrechtliche Gewährleistung der Meinungs- oder Pressefreiheit, so die These dieses Textes, reicht auch im Kontext von Vereinsverboten nicht aus, um die Schutzmechanismen der streitbaren Demokratie beiseitezuschieben.
Dietary and nutrient intakes of school girls in Kathmandu, Nepal
Authors: Tiwari Kalpana , Seshadri Prof. (Dr.) Subadra
Published: July 2024

The present study was carried out on school girls aged 10-18 years of Kathmandu district with the objective to assess the dietary and nutrient intakes of these girls. Data of three days dietary and nutrient intakes were collected using 24 hr recall method. The major findings of the study have shown that the intake of fats and oils, sugars and roots and tubers exceeded 60% of the amounts recommended by the ICMR, whereas intake of protective foods such as pulses, green leafy vegetables and fruits were less than 50% of the suggested balanced diet. Mean intake of nutrients such as fat, niacin, ascorbic acid and phosphorus exceeded the recommended dietary intakes (RDIs), whereas intake of energy, protein, calcium, iron, vitamin A and folic acid were lower than RDIs. But intake of none of the nutrients was less than 50% of RDIs.
Autologus blood transfusion - recent concepts
Authors: Minocha Rakesh , Minocha Dr. (Mrs.) Suman
Published: July 2024

Autologus blood donation is considered prior to elective surgery where significant blood loss is expected. This has been encouraged to avoid transmission of transfusion-borne diseases.
Development of the Information System for the Studies Program Information Engineering at USN Papua
Authors: Rahman Fadil , Tatuhey Emy. L.
Published: July 2024

This study focuses on the development of a new information system for the Information Engineering Studies Program at Universitas Sepuluh Nopember Papua (USN Papua). The initiative arose from the need to replace an outdated system that had numerous user-reported issues. The primary objective is to enhance information dissemination among students and staff. Utilizing the Rapid Application Development (RAD) methodology, the project involved several phases: requirement planning, system design, development, and implementation. Data was collected through observations and interviews at USN Papua to inform system requirements. The new system features a multi-level access structure, including roles for admin, students, lecturers, and guests. Key functionalities include user registration, exam applications, event management, and information sharing. This system aims to improve user experience and operational efficiency within the program.
ANALISIS VARIASI BAHASA SOSIOLEK DALAM VIDEO KUMPULAN TOXIC BRANDON KENT
Authors: Kusyairi  , Asmiyati  , Riski Putriani
Published: July 2024

Abstrak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis penggunaan variasi bahasa sosiolek dalam video toxic brandon kent, penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui bagaimana sosiolek digunakan dalam video toxic brandon kent. Pada penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan analisi teks. Pengumpulan data yang dalam penelitian ini digunakan metode simak dengan teknik mencatat. Penyediaan data dapat dilakukan dengan metode simak. Metode tersebut dilakukan dengan memahami data lisan yang kemudian dianalisis secara teliti. Bukan hanya itu, untuk menunjang metode simak digunakan teknik catat. Teknik tersebut bertujuan agar dapat mempermudah peneliti dalam menganalisis data. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan variasi bahasa tersebut mencerminkan faktor-faktor sosial seperti status, pendidikan, dan usia penutur. Variasi bahasa tersebut dapat menciptakan perbedaan dalam komunikasi sehari-hari dan mempengaruhi persepsi sosial terhadap penutur. Penelitian ini memberikan pemahaman mendalam tentang variasi bahasa sosiolek dalam konteks video "Toxic Brandon Kent", yang dapat memberikan kontribusi pada bidang sosiolinguistik dan pemahaman lebih lanjut tentang dinamika bahasa dalam masyarakat kontemporer.
Evaluating CNN Models and Optimization Techniques for Quality Classification of Dried Chili Peppers (Capsicum annuum L.)
Authors: Lopez-Betancur Daniela , Saucedo-Anaya Tonatiuh , Guerrero-Mendez Carlos , Navarro-Solís David , Silva-Acosta Luis , Robles-Guerrero Antonio , Gomez-Jimenez Salvador
Published: July 2024

This paper analyzes Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) models for classifying dried chili pepper quality. The models categorize images into five categories: “Extra”, “First Class”, “Second Class”, “Trash”, and “Empty”, each representing different qualities and scenarios in a sorting machine. We compared architectures from the Torchvision library, including ResNet, ResNeXt, Wide_ResNet, and RegNet using Transfer Learning (TL) in a feature extraction approach. All models employ residual blocks, an innovative technique enhancing deep learning performance. The models were evaluated using crossvalidation and metrics such as Precision, Recall, Specificity, F1-score, Geometric_mean, Index of Balanced Accuracy, and the Matthews Correlation Coefficient. They were trained using SGD, Adagrad, and Adam optimizers. Our findings suggest that ResNet-152, trained with the Adagrad optimizer, achieved the highest mean validation accuracy of 96.62%. The selected model can assist agricultural producers in classifying their products according to international standards.
ՀՀ ՍՊԱՌՈՂԱԿԱՆ ՎԱՐԿԵՐԻ ՇՈՒԿԱՅԻ ԳՈՐԾՈՒՆԵՈՒԹՅԱՆ ՀԻՄՆԱԽՆԴԻՐՆԵՐԸ / PROBLEMS OF THE RA CONSUMER CREDIT MARKET ACTIVITY
Authors: Bostanjyan Vardan , Kirakosyan Gevorg
Published: July 2024

The article is devoted to the research of the consumer loans market of the Republic of Armenia. The volume and structure of consumer loans, the problems of lending in this direction and ways to solve them were analyzed. The main approaches to the implementation of responsible lending were discussed and specific proposals in this direction were presented.
Military Application and Integration of AI: Implications for South Asian Security Paradigm
Authors: Khalid Muhammad Usama , Masood Saleha
Published: July 2024

This paper explored South Asian security in the light of military applications and integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI), focusing particularly on India and Pakistan. Various sectors have been transformed by the advent of emerging technologies such as AI. This study also examined the transformation effect of AI-based systems on military strategy, framework of operations and security architecture in a region fraught with geopolitical tensions and conflicts--South Asia. Through an extensive literature review and case studies, the author analysed the current status of AI in military operations as well as its potential for future development. This study investigated the risks and challenges involved with its implementation. It provided evidence of the rise of AI from its earliest inception to today's applications in autonomous systems, cybersecurity and intelligent decision-making processes. The research also examined the strategic competition between India and Pakistan: how AI technologies shape their defence capabilities, and what kind of impact these have on regional stability. The findings emphasized the importance of responsible AI deployment and getting a broader grasp on its implications for security in South Asia. This research enriched the ongoing dialogue about warfare and emerging technologies by aggregating valuable data regarding the ways that AI can enhance military capacity while also changing landscape of security in South Asia.
Exploring the Relationship between Cholesterol Synthesis and Vitamin D: Implications and Insight
Authors: Singh Taqdir , . Divya , Sharma Lokesh , Patel Preeti , Kurmi Balak Das
Published: July 2024

Cholesterol synthesis and vitamin D metabolism are essential processes in the human body, each with distinct roles in maintaining health and homeostasis. While cholesterol synthesis primarily produces cholesterol, a vital component of cell membranes and a precursor for steroid hormones, vitamin D metabolism contributes to calcium and phosphorus homeostasis, skeletal health, and immune function. Recent research has revealed intricate connections between these pathways, highlighting their interplay and mutual regulation. This review explores the interrelationship between cholesterol synthesis and vitamin D metabolism, elucidating the mechanisms underlying their crosstalk and discussing the implications for health and disease.
A Review on Future Prospects of Photosensitizers in Photodynamic Therapy
Authors: Jain Neelam , Jain Neeraj , Jain Ankur
Published: July 2024

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) was discovered more than 100 years ago, and has since become a well studied therapy for cancer and various non-malignant diseases including infections. PDT uses photosensitizers (PSs, non-toxic dyes) that are activated by absorption of visible light to initially form the excited singlet state, followed by transition to the long-lived excited triplet state. This triplet state can undergo photochemical reactions in the presence of oxygen to form reactive oxygen species (including singlet oxygen) that can destroy cancer cells, pathogenic microbes and unwanted tissue. The dual specificity of PDT relies on accumulation of the PS in diseased tissue and on localized light delivery. Photosensitization can be defined as a process in which a reaction to normally harmless radiation is induced by the introduction of a specific radiation-absorbing substance (photosensitizer) that causes another component (substrate) to be changed by the radiation. Photosensitivity is characterized by phototoxic and photoallergic effects. Drugs and chemicals may interact with UV to induce photosensitivity. Photosensitive disorders may be classified as those entirely caused by solar exposure and the photo aggravated disorders. Those in the former category include polymorphic light eruption, hydroa vacciniforme, actinic prurigo, solar urticaria and chronic actinic dermatitis. Photosensitivity can be diagnosed by photo test, photo patch test and photo drug test. Recently the photodynamic therapy (PDT) is used for the treatment of cancers. There are various photosensitizers such as photofrin, foscan, 5-Aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) etc which used in photodynamic therapy. Photosensitizers are also used to treat vitiligo, microbial infections and acne.