bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Nowcasting to Predict Economic Activity in Real Time: The Cases of Belize and El Salvador
Authors: Barrios Juan José , Escobar Julia , Leslie Janelle , Martin Lucia , Peña Werner
Published: October 2021

This paper presents machine learning models fitted to nowcast or predict quarterly GDP activity in real time for Belize and El Salvador. The initiative is part of the Inter-American Development Bank's (IDB) ongoing effort to develop timely economic monitoring tools following the shock of the Covid-19 pandemic. Nowcasting techniques offer an effective tool to fill the information gap between the end of a quarter and the official publication of macroeconomic indicators that are generally lagged by 60 to 90 days, by exploiting the availability of other indicators that are published more frequently. The results show that machine learning techniques can produce accurate quarterly GDP forecasts for two structurally different economies within economic contexts marked by extreme degrees of volatility and uncertainty at both the national and international levels. Because the calibration of nowcasting exercises is a dynamic process that is refined over time, at the IDB, we trust that this document will help support the ongoing work of the governments and statistical agencies of Belize and El Salvador in securing better economic forecasts to inform agile policy decisions.
The Investigation of Nonlinear Polynomial Control Systems
Authors: Chukanov Sergei Nikolaevich , Chukanov Ilya Stanislavovich
Published: October 2021

The paper considers methods for estimating stability using Lyapunov functions, which are used for nonlinear polynomial control systems. The apparatus of the Gro¨bner basis method is used to assess the stability of a dynamical system. A description of the Gro¨bner basis method is given. To apply the method, the canonical relations of the nonlinear system are approximated by polynomials of the components of the state and control vectors. To calculate the Gro¨bner basis, the Buchberger algorithm is used, which is implemented in symbolic computation programs for solving systems of nonlinear polynomial equations. The use of the Gro¨bner basis for finding solutions of a nonlinear system of polynomial equations is considered, similar to the application of the Gauss method for solving a system of linear equations. The equilibrium states of a nonlinear polynomial system are determined as solutions of a nonlinear system of polynomial equations. An example of determining the equilibrium states of a nonlinear polynomial system using the Gro¨bner basis method is given. An example of finding the critical points of a nonlinear polynomial system using the Gro¨bner basis method and the Wolfram Mathematica application software is given. The Wolfram Mathematica program uses the function of determining the reduced Gro¨bner basis. The application of the Gro¨bner basis method for estimating the attraction domain of a nonlinear dynamic system with respect to the equilibrium point is considered. To determine the scalar potential, the vector field of the dynamic system is decomposed into gradient and vortex components. For the gradient component, the scalar potential and the Lyapunov function in polynomial form are determined by applying the homotopy operator. The use of Gro¨bner bases in the gradient method for finding the Lyapunov function of a nonlinear dynamical system is considered. The coordination of input-output signals of the system based on the construction of Gro¨bner bases is considered.
Corrigendum to: V. V. Vasilchikov, “Parallel Algorithm for Solving the Graph Isomorphism Problem”, Modeling and analysis of information systems, vol. 27, no. 1, pp. 86–94, 2020. DOI: https://doi.org/10.18255/1818-1015-2020-1-86-94
Authors: Vasilchikov Vladimir Vasilyevich
Published: October 2021

In the article by V. V. Vasilchikov “Parallel Algorithm for Solving the Graph Isomorphism Problem” ( Modeling and analysis of information systems, vol. 27, no. 1, pp. 86–94, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.18255/1818-1015-2020-1-86-94) there was a misprint in the layout. In the Table 1, in the last column of the row “Degree of graph” the value should be 3000 (instead of 300). The corrected “Table 1” is shown below. The editors apologise for the inconvenience.
ADAPTIVE ABILITIES OF CHERRY OF TURGENEVKA VARIETY IN THE CONDITIONS OF EXTREME CONTINENTAL CLIMATE OF THE ASTRAKHAN REGION
Authors:   FSBSI “Caspian Agrarian Federal Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences”, Ivanenko E.N , Dronik A.A. ,   FSBSI “Caspian Agrarian Federal Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences”
Published: October 2021

The article presents results of the first stage of the study of the introduced Turgenevka cherry variety on stocks of different growth rates under the conditions of extreme continental climate of the Northern Caspian region to substantiate its use in intensive planting of the arid zone. The aim of our research is to study the economic and biological characteristics and adaptability of Turgenevka variety to the abiotic stress factors of the winter period, which appear on the territory of the Astrakhan region. The study was carried out at the experimental field of the Caspian Agrarian Federal Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences. The records and observations were carried out in 2017-2020, in triple replication. The experiment plot was laid down in 2017. The research material is the introduced Turgenevka cherry variety. As a result of the research, the influence of stocks on periods of the main phenological phases, biometric parameters of trees, productivity, early maturity and quality of cherry fruits was revealed. At the initial stage of plant growth and development, it was found that clonal stocks slightly accelerate the start of growth and flowering of the grafted trees in comparison with the trees on seed stock. Turgenevka variety is characterized by a more restrained tree growth (1.5 m ) on a well-grown seed stock (mahaleb cherry). Mahaleb cherry stock also has a positive effect on early maturity of the variety. The largest fruits, 5.7 g, were formed on VTs-13 stock. The tasting score of the fruit was 4.5 points. A complex assessment of the variety resistance to diseases and pests was carried out. The influence of the stock on chemical fruit composition was not revealed. Turgenevka variety showed good resistance to unfavorable environmental factors.
WHEAT RUST IDENTIFICATION USING PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL RESEARCH AND MACHINE VISION TECHNOLOGIES
Authors:   FSBSI Federal Scientific Center of Biological Plant Protection, Volkova G.V. , Arinicheva I.V. ,   FSBEI HE Kuban State Agrarian University, Arinichev I.V. ,   FSBEI HE Kuban State University, Matveeva I.P. ,   FSBSI Federal Scientific Center of Biological Plant Protection, Kim Yu.S. ,   FSBSI Federal Scientific Center of Biological Plant Protection
Published: October 2021

Wheat is the most economically important and valuable food crop cultivated in most regions of the world, and various diseases have a significant impact on yield parameters. Particular attention in wheat protection technologies from phytopathogens is given to rust, since yield losses, depending on the weather conditions of the season and the resistance of the sown varieties, can range from 30 to 100%. The article provides brief information on wheat rust diseases (yellow, brown, stem rust), as well as on current methods of their identification. Accurate and timely identification of rust pathogens is a key step in making decisions on application of plant protection products in the battle against diseases, which prevents their further development, spread and the occurrence of epiphytoties. The article describes the main method for identification and further record of yellow, brown, stem rust - this is a classic phytopathological study based on usage of human resources. The advantage of this method is its accuracy and versatility. Among the drawbacks, one should single out the labor intensity and the need for a staff of qualified phytopathologists. In view of intensive development of computer technologies and agriculture digitalization, the possibility of using machine vision based on programming of neural networks and their training in identifying the main causative agents of diseases is acquiring scientific and practical interest. A promising methodological approach to identification of phytopathogens when providing phytosanitary monitoring and algorithms used for training of neural networks and applied in machine vision technologies are presented.
ADAPTATION DYNAMICS OF THE RABIES VIRUS OF "RV-97" VACCINE STRAIN TO MONOLAYER VNK-21/13 CELL CULTURE
Authors:   FSBI “ARRIAH” Federal Center for Animal Health, Shishkov A. V. , Pyatkina A. A. ,   FSBI “ARRIAH” Federal Center for Animal Health, Manin B. L. ,   FSBI “ARRIAH” Federal Center for Animal Health
Published: October 2021

The problem of rabies as one of the most dangerous zoonoses continues to be relevant almost all over the world. In development of a live vaccine, an important stage is to obtain an active component - a virus that retains the given phenotypic properties, pathogen cultivation system plays the main role. The aim of this work was to adapt the rabies virus of “RV-97” strain to the finite cell line of the Syrian hamster kidney (VNK -21/13) of the Swedish subline, as well as to carry out a comparative analysis of virus accumulation at different passages. The number of passages that need to be carried out for adaptation of RV-97 strain to the monolayer culture of VNK -21/13 cells was determined. We used a 2-day culture of VNK -21/13 cells in the phase of logarithmic growth (80-90% formation of a cell monolayer). VNK -21/13 cell culture grown as a monolayer in the wells of flat-bottomed plastic plates was used as a test system for infectious activity. A fluorescent label was used to indicate infected cells. It was determined that the smallest number of passages at which the rabies virus of “RV-97” strain is adapted to the finite cell culture of VNK -21/13 of the Swedish subline is the 6th passage level. It was found that the titer of infectious activity of attenuated rabies virus of “RV-97” strain at the 6th passage level is 7.33 ± 0.17 lg CCID50 / cm3.
EXPERIENCE OF SELECTION AND BREEDING WORK WITH CATTLE OF RED-SPOTTED BREED
Authors:   FSBEI HE Ulyanovsk SAU, Katmakov P. S. P. S. , Anisimova E. I. ,   FSBSI “Research Institute of Agriculture of the South-East”, Bushov A. V. ,   FSBEI HE Ulyanovsk SAU
Published: October 2021

The article presents assessment results of red-and-white breed lines on milk productivity, live weight and intensity of milk yield. It was found that almost all the descendants of the bulls belonging to the lines of V.B. Ideal 1014315, M. Chieftain 95679, R. Sovering 198998, R. Citation 267150 are characterized by high milk yield. The only exception was the daughters of the bulls from R. Sovering 198998 line, who were inferior to their peers in milk yield by 225-250 kg (4.1-4.5%) during 305 - day lactation. There were no significant interline differences in the content of fat and protein in milk. It was found that positive results were obtained from crosses of V.B. Ideal × M. Chieftain (+204 kg of milk), M. Chieftain × V.B. Ideal (+300 kg), M. Chieftain × R. Sovering (+185 kg), R. Sovering × R. Sheilimar. Intraline selection on milk yield in all cases was ineffective. Assessment of servicing bulls of V.B. Ideal line showed that the improvers of the daughters’ milk yield are the bulls Kumir 1242 (+283 kg to their peers), Leonardo 218 (+244 kg), Jul 43 (+143 kg). Bulls Clemens 12700 (- 201 kg) and Furgon 1268 (- 679 kg) were recognized as deteriorating the milk yield. As for R. Sovering line, the bulls Service 101 (+403 kg) and Mills 284 (+263 kg) are the milk yield improvers, and the bull Berkut 3473 (+0.38%) improves fat content of milk of the daughters.
INFLUENCE OF LIQUID COMPLEX FERTILIZERS AND GROWTH REGULATOR ON PHOTOSYNTHETIC ACTIVITY AND PRODUCTIVITY OF AWNLESS BROME
Authors:   FSBEI HE National Research Mordovian State University named after N.P. Ogarev, Eryashev A. P. , Kozlova A. A. ,   FSBEI HE National Research Mordovian State University named after N.P. Ogarev, Eryashev P. A. ,   OOO “Info-content"
Published: October 2021

The article presents experimental material obtained in the conditions of Mordovia on leached black soil on the effect of MEGAMIX liquid complex fertilizers and Albit growth regulator on photosynthesis production process and productivity of awnless brome. Two-factor field experiments were carried out on the crops of awnless brome on an experimental field at OAO “Mordoviyagosplem” in Ozerny village, urban district of Saransk in 2018 - 2020, according to the following scheme: Factor A - Time of application of liquid complex fertilizers and growth regulator. 1 - At the phase of spring growth, 2 - At the phase of stem elongation, 3 - At the phase of spring growth + in the phase of stem elongation. Factor B - Liquid complex fertilizers and growth regulator. 1. - Without application of liquid complex fertilizers and growth regulator (control). 2. - Megamix-pro. 3. - Megamix nitrogen. 4 - Albit. The results of our research indicate that leafiness of awnless brome prevailed (26.0 and 24.4%) when Megamix-pro and Megamix-nitrogen were used at the time of spring growth; predominant leaf area (47.8 thousand m2 / ha), photosynthetic potential (2.31 million m2 • days / ha), dry matter yield (8.75 t / ha) were formed with application of Megamix nitrogen at the time of spring growth; and net productivity of photosynthesis was the highest without application of these preparations (5.8 g / m2 per day) and with spraying the plants with Megamix-profi and Megamix-nitrogen (5.3 g / m2 per day) at the phase of stem elongation. Photosynthesis productivity was the lowest in case application of Megamix-profi and Megamix-nitrogen at the spring growth phase (224 and 228 g of seeds per 1,000 PhP units).
BIO PRODUCTS FOR BARLEY VEGETATION
Authors:   FSBEI HE “Don State Agrarian University”, Ryabtseva N. A.
Published: October 2021

The research was aimed at studying the effect of biological products during barley vegetation, to assess the feasibility of their use. The paper presents empirical data on the influence of biological products on barley development, photosynthetic activity, productivity and profitability of production. During the years of the experiments, the temperature regime, distribution and amount of precipitation differed from long-term ones. When using Emistim, barley formed the largest leaf area on the plant (186.9 cm2), which exceeded the control by 223%. Plant survivability ranged from 70.9 to 77.9%. Productive tilling capacity increased by an average of 5-10% in comparison with the control. Treatment of plants with Binoram and Emistim made it possible to form an average of 1.34 productive stems per plant, Vitazim and Biodux - 1.33. The plants formed proper grain (from 44.6 to 46.2 grams of 1000 grains) under the influence of the biological products. Biodux and Binoram brought the opportunity to obtain a mass of grains 2.4 g more than the control. The relationship of productive tilling capacity, weight and yield is strong straight. The correlation of grain in an ear and yield is a strong straight r = 0.917. The increase of barley yield under the influence of biological products is associated, in priority, with the productive stalk (r = 0.959), and not with the grain weight. The highest biological yield was obtained under the influence of Emistim - 3.76 t / ha, which exceeded the control by 1.03 t / ha. Reliability at 95% significance level was noted in all variants. On average, over the years of the experiments, it is most profitable to use the growth regulator Biodux (73%) during the growing season.
ZINC IN THE "SOIL-PLANT" SYSTEM IN CASE OF LONG-TERM APPLICATION OF MINERAL FERTILIZERS IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE SOUTHERN FOREST STEPPE OF THE OMSK REGION
Authors:   FSBSI “Omsk Agrarian Scientific Center”, Volkova V.A. , Voronkova N. A. ,   FSBSI “Omsk Agrarian Scientific Center”,   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “Omsk State Technical University”
Published: October 2021

A long-term stationary experiment was carried out on meadow-black soil in the southern forest-steppe of the Omsk region of Western Siberia, it was found that systematic application of mineral fertilizers (during six rotations of a five-field grain-fallow crop rotation) did not lead to accumulation of zinc above the APC in accordance with the Hygienic Standards GN 2.1.7.2511- 09. It has been proven that the amount of total zinc (5M HNO3 extraction) over the years of the research decreased in comparison with the initial value by 15% in a natural background and by 25% in a fertilized background due to its greater removal by plants and migration down the soil profile. Systematic application of mineral fertilizers on average over three years (2017-2019) increased the annual zinc removal by wheat plants by 16%. The content of zinc mobile form in the soil (AAB extraction, pH = 4.8) is estimated as average (2.1-2.2 mg / kg). The dependence of zinc mobile forms on acid-soluble forms was revealed, which is described by the equation y = 0.072x-0.643. The zinc content in spring wheat plants, depending on the fertilization, varied from 5.8 to 7.6 in straw and from 30.8 to 34.3 mg / kg in grain. The biological absorption coefficient was 13.1-12.8; the coefficient of biological accumulation was 14.9 -15.9, which indicates that zinc is intensively involved in the biochemical cycle of the agrocenosis during spring wheat cultivation, and its deficiency becomes a factor which limits the crop yield.
YIELD OF PERENNIAL GRASSES AND SOIL FERTILITY OF SOD-PODZOLIC SOIL IN CASE OF LONG-TERM APPLICATION OF MINERAL FERTILIZERS
Authors:   Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution “Federal Scientific Center of Bast Cultures”, Gavrilova A. Yu. , Konova A. M. ,   Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution “Federal Scientific Center of Bast Cultures”
Published: October 2021

The article considers the effect of increasing doses and various combinations of mineral fertilizers applied to the cover crop on the yield and quality of a mixture of perennial grasses of two - years use, as well as the effect of fertilizers on the agrochemical parameters of sod-podzolic light loamy soil. The objects of the study were Stodolich meadow clover and Leningradskaya 204 meadow timothy grass. The studies were carried out in two crop rotations - with standard and reduced single doses of mineral fertilizers. The research results showed that in the years (VIII rotation) when the unit dose of fertilizers was increased to N20P20K25, the yield of perennial grasses was higher compared to the harvest in the VII rotation. The most appropriate dose in the VII rotation on perennial grasses of the 1st year was N30P30K45, on grasses of the 2nd year - doses of N30P30K45 and N40P40K60. In the VIII rotation, the highest yield of perennial grasses of the 1st year of use was obtained at a dose of N160P160K200 (8.4 t / ha), of grasses of the 2nd year of use at doses of N80P80K100 and N100P100K125 (6.5 t / ha). Positive effect of increasing doses of mineral fertilizers on the content of soil organic matter has been noted. On the contrary, the soil acidity increased from 4.7 to 4.3 units with an increase of mineral doses. Higher doses of fertilizers increased the content of mobile forms of phosphorus and potassium in the soil.
Los límites difusos entre compuestos sintagmáticos, colocationes y locuciones
Authors: Galvez Vidal Alba María , Sevilla Munoz Manuel
Published: October 2021

Desde un punto de vista formal, semántico y funcional, existen similitudes entre compuestos sintagmáticos (CS) y otros sintagmas fijos, como colocaciones y locuciones, por lo que no siempre es fácil diferenciarlos. Es posible encontrar un mismo sintagma clasificado como locución, colocación y CS en función de la obra lexicográfica o fraseográfica consultada (mano dura, por ejemplo). García-Page (En torno a, «Hombre rana»), entre otros autores, ha mostrado su preocupación por estas similitudes; Osorio y Serra realizaron una propuesta para distinguir entre locuciones y CS; y Corpas (51) establece la diferencia entre colocaciones y locuciones según su proceso de fijación.

En este estudio, pretendemos delimitar el concepto de CS en comparación con colocaciones y locuciones desde un enfoque fraseológico, partiendo de la teoría de Pamies, quien considera los CS como unidades fraseológicas (UF). Para ello, planteamos dos criterios relacionados con la fijación de los CS: que se hayan acuñado de manera artificial debido a la necesidad de nombrar una realidad ontológica por primera vez y que esa necesidad surja en un ámbito especializado. Comprobamos la validez de estos dos criterios en un corpus de sintagmas fijos extraído de tres novelas españolas.
Relações entre governança corporativa, desempenho financeiro e valor de mercado
Authors: Duarte Carreiro Nádia Kelly , Bernardes do Nascimento João Carlos Hipólito , Sampaio Barbosa Flávia Lorenne , Rabêlo Neto Alexandre , Corrêa da Silva Maurício
Published: October 2021

Buscou-se investigar o impacto da governança corporativa no desempenho financeiro e no valor de mercado das firmas listadas na B3 s. a. Para tal, com uma amostra composta de 759 observações realizadas de 2013 a 2016, utilizou-se da técnica PLS-SEM, em escalas formativas. A título de resultados, foi possível suportar as hipóteses de relacionamento direto e positivo entre governança corporativa e desempenho financeiro, governança e valor de mercado, e desempenho financeiro e valor de mercado nas análises de todas as observações. Com uma amostra de firmas de menor porte, observou-se a existência de mediação parcial do desempenho financeiro na relação entre governança corporativa e valor de mercado, evidenciando que “parte” desse desempenho financeiro deve ser aplicado na adoção e/ou no aprimoramento das práticas de governança corporativa, uma vez que estas são precificadas pelo mercado de ações. Por fim, na existência de melhores práticas de governança corporativa, é esperada uma intensificação da relação (efeito moderador) entre desempenho financeiro e valor de mercado. O estudo contribui para a literatura ao reforçar a relevância das práticas de governança corporativa que devem ser adotadas pelas firmas a fim de melhorar o seu desempenho financeiro, aumentando o seu valor de mercado e atendendo aos objetivos dos stakeholders.
Los precios del petróleo y la complejidad de la canasta exportadora
Authors: Palencia Hernández Christian Andrés , Ruiz Torres Jesus Cristóbal , Godoy Ortiz Andrés Daniel Aníbal
Published: October 2021

El objetivo de este artículo es establecer el efecto de la caída de los precios del petróleo en la complejidad o intensidad tecnológica de la canasta exportadora de Colombia, especialmente en las exportaciones industriales. Para ello, se desarrollaron tres análisis cuantitativos: i) un análisis descriptivo a través de la Matriz de Contabilidad Social, ii) la estimación de la función impulso-respuesta de un modelo VAR estructural entre la tasa de cambio y las exportaciones industriales y iii) el cálculo de los indicadores PRODY y EXPY como una aproximación para valorar la desmejora en la complejidad de la canasta exportadora colombiana. Los resultados encontrados en este artículo señalan que la caída de los precios del crudo a nivel mundial afectó negativamente —en contra de la intuición económica— la complejidad de la canasta exportadora nacional. Esto, fundamentado en que el aparato productivo colombiano es altamente dependiente de las importaciones de bienes de capital y de consumo intermedio para la producción de bienes manufacturados de mayor complejidad tecnológica. Como resultado de la depreciación del peso colombiano respecto al dólar americano, las importaciones se vieron afectadas, lo que repercutió a su vez en las exportaciones de bienes de mayor complejidad.
Una historia de las ciencias económicas desde sus raíces y disciplinas duales
Authors: Sánchez-Bayón Antonio
Published: October 2021

Este es un estudio crítico de economía política e historia económica sobre los problemas científico-universitarios de la economía, por su reducción epistemológica y metodológica, que pasa de la ciencia analítico-empírica a la experimental, con énfasis econométrico. Ante el riesgo de extinción, por su excesiva identificación con las ciencias naturales y el modelo de economía de bienestar estatal, se plantea aquí una revolución epistemológica de reconexión con sus raíces, como son las ciencias jurídicas, además de prestar atención a las disciplinas duales de fundamentos. Así se viene haciendo desde el renovador enfoque de economía global y gestión intercultural de las escuelas de economía de agua dulce y las escuelas de negocios, para preparar a los estudiantes con fundamentos revisados, que les permitan afrontar con éxito la transición digital y la transformación cultural empresarial y profesional.
LncRNA Hoxb3os protects podocytes from high glucose-induced cell injury through autophagy dependent on the Akt-mTOR signaling pathway
Authors: Jin Juan , Gong Jianguang , Zhao Li , Li Yiwen , He Qiang
Published: October 2021

Background: Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is in the first place of the causes that lead to end-stage renal disease in the world. Thus, it is urgent to develop a novel diagnostic or therapeutic strategy that could stop the progression of diabetic nephropathy. Methods: RNA-sequencing was conducted in high glucose (HG)-treated MPC5 cells (podocytes). Cell morphology was examined under a light microscope. Upon high-glucose challenge, the effects of lncRNA Hoxb3os overexpression on MPC5 cells apoptosis, viability, autophagy and Akt-mTOR signaling were evaluated using flow cytometry, Cell Counting Kit-8, qRT-PCR, and Western blotting. TUNEL staining and ELISA were performed to confirm the establishment of DN model in db/db mice. Results: High-glucose exposure dramatically altered lncRNA expression profile in MPC5 cells (fold change>2), including 305 upregulated lncRNAs and 451 downregulated lncRNAs. LncRNA Hoxb3os expression was significantly reduced in the HG-induced podocyte damage model, as well as in the renal tissues from db/db mice with spontaneous DN. Overexpression of Hoxb3os significantly reduced the apoptosis rate and increased the viability of MPC5 cells under HG conditions. Further study revealed that exogenous Hoxb3os increased autophagy level in HG-exposed MPC5 cells via abrogating Akt-mTOR signaling pathway and that the process was possibly implicated in the upregulation of SIRT1. Conclusion: LncRNA Hoxb3os protected podocytes from HG-induced damage by regulating Akt-mTOR pathway and cell autophagy. Thus, lncRNA Hoxb3os appears as a potential biomarker in the diagnosis and treatment of DN in the future.
History of development and results of selection of Solanaceae crops in FSBSI FSVC
Authors: Pyshnaya O. N. , Dzhos E. A.
Published: October 2021

The article presents a brief history of the establishment of the Laboratory of Plant Breeding and Seed Production of Solanaceae Crops of FSBSI FSVC. The process of development of tomato, pepper, eggplant and physalis breeding is shown from the beginning of the establishment until the present time. Practical selection of Solanaceae crops in FSBSI FSVC is directly connected with the name of Academician VASKhNIL A.V. Alpatyev, who is the founder of scientific research on thermophilic crops. On the basis of conducted scientific researches the technique of creation of cold-resistant, early-ripening cultivars of tomato was developed, including influence of certain conditions on parental forms and hybrid material from its first generations to increase adaptability to new, not characteristic conditions of selected material. Subsequently, this technique was applied to the breeding of sweet pepper, eggplant and physalis. Interspecific hybridisation was used to enrich the gene pool of Solanaceous crops. As a result of distant hybridization, the following cultivars were created: the original tomato cultivar Severyanin with large parthenocarpic fruits on 1 and 2 racemes; an anadrous mutant for use in breeding; ultra-rapid, short-stage forms for obtaining heterosis effect; the cultivar Vkusny with increased content of dry matter in fruits. On the basis of interspecific hybrid of Ph. ixocarpa x Ph. angulata, the cultivars Dessert and Lakomka, characterized by high yield and resistance to diseases, high content of sugars, pectin and absence of bitterness, are created. Types of pepper Capsicum chinense, C. frutescens and C. annuum were used to create resistant forms to viral diseases. Involvement of wild eggplant species (Solanum aethiopicum, S. macrocarpon) to the breeding process allowed to obtain hybrid combinations with flavonoids content 1,3 times higher and phenolcarboxylic acids 1,6–1,7 times higher than in S. melongena.The development of theoretical bases ofSolanaceae crops breeding for resistance to biotic and abiotic stressors, as well as for high quality production, allowed to create a series of cosmopolitan cultivars, which at present are in demand, both in production and as a source material. The current scientific priorities are to use innovative biotechnology and molecular marking methods to accelerate the breeding process and improve selection efficiency.
Evaluation of tomato phenological stages passing on multilevel installations «Fitopiramida»
Authors: Eroshevskaya A. S.
Published: October 2021

Relevance. Multilevel pipe vegetation installations (MVTU) “Fitopiramida” are designed for hydroponic cultivation of different agricultural crops including tomatoes.Methods. To create F1 tomato hybrids for this technology the assessment of phenological stages passing of tomato lines on “Fitopiramida” MVTU was carried out. 19 breeding lines including 9 cherry tomato lines, 10 large-fruited tomato lines of indeterminate and determinate growth types were tested. These lines were used in various hybridization schemes to obtain F1 tomato heterotic hybrids for “Fitopiramida”.Results. According to the results of the conducted researches in conditions of low-volume technology “Fitopiramida” duration of periods “germination – beginning of flowering” ("G-BF") and “germination – beginning of ripening” ("G-BR") is significantly reduced. In cherry group lines “G-BR” period is shorter by 17.7 days at average, in large-fruited lines by 23-27.3 days at average depending on growth type. The difference in ripening time is more expressed in largefruited lines; border-grown Kb 183 line began ripening 35 days later. Shorter growing season makes it possible to carry out largest number of crop rotations per year to obtain maximum yield per area unit (in full year use greenhouses). Similar results were obtained in the tests of tomato varieties and F1 hybrids on “Fitopiramida” MWTU in 2019-2020 in terms of phenological stages passing acceleration and earlier fruiting of hydroponic grown tomatoes.
Prospects of foliar treatments with glycine solution to increase the productivity of dill
Authors: Pochuev P. V. , Malankina E. L. , Kozlovskaya L. N.
Published: October 2021

Relevance. Dill is a popular food and medicinal crop (Anethum graveolens L.) of the Celery family (Apiaceae). Seeds of dill are included in the 14th edition of the State Pharmacopoeia of the Russian Federation. However, this crop is characterized by a relatively low yield, which reduces the efficiency of its production. The use of environmentally friendly growth-regulating compounds can significantly increase the yield and improve its quality. As a growth-regulating, foliar treatment with a solution of the amino acid glycine was tested. The amino acid glycine is environmentally friendly and does not pose a danger to humans and animals. The aim of the work was to increase the productivity of garden dill using foliar treatments with glycine amino acid.Materials and methods. Dill varieties Gribovsky and Symphony were chosen as objects to study the effect of the foliar treatments with glycine. Sowing of seeds was carried out at an early date, which for the conditions of the Lipetsk region corresponds to the first decade of April, with a SZT-3.6 seeder with 15 cm row spacing. The seeding rate was 15 kg/ha, the seeding depth was 1-2 cm. were Treatment with glycine solution was achieved in plants rosette phase. The concentration of glycine was 25, 50 and 100 mg / l. The control plants were sprayed with distilled water. The crop was cut during the period of brown seeds on the central umbrella. The content of essential oil was determined by the 14th edition of the State Pharmacopoeia of the Russian Federation (method 1). The content of the main components was determined by gas chromatography.Results. As a result of the research, a positive effect of foliar treatments with glycine on both yield and the content of essential oil in the raw material of dill varieties Gribovsky and Symphony was revealed. As a result of treatments, regardless of concentration, the seeds yield and the yield of essential oil per unit area increased. The increase in the mass of 1000 pieces of fruits was not unambiguous. Based on the results obtained, the effective concentration of amino acid glycine is determined not only by the characteristics of the variety, but also by weather conditions, when, depending on the conditions during the processing period and prior to harvesting, different aspects of the drug's action appear. According to the results of observations for 2 years and an assessment by the sum of the indicators, the optimal concentration of glycine in most cases was 100 mg / l, at the same time, for the Symphony variety for two years, two-foliar treatment with low concentrations of glycine (10 mg / l rosette + 10 mg / l budding).
Comparative evaluation of antioxidant characteristics and selenium levels in seeds of Cichorium intybus L. and several representatives of Apiaceae plants
Authors: Golubkina N. A. , Zayachkovsky V. A. , Smirnova I. V. , Vyutnova O. M. , Kharchenko V. A. , Moldovan A. I. , Shevchenko Yu. P.
Published: October 2021

Relevance. Evaluation of nutritional value of seeds of agricultural crops is considered to be highly significant for revealing new sources of antioxidants for humans.Material. The aim of the present investigation was antioxidant status and selenium accumulation levels by chicory seeds (13 cultivars) and comparison of the results with antioxidants status of seeds of other root vegetables: celery (5 cultivars), parsley (2 cultivars), parsnip (3 cultivars) and carrot (7 cultivars).Results. Among agricultural crops studied chicory was characterized by 3-4 higher levels of selenium accumulation by seeds and relatively low total antioxidant activity and polyphenol content. Anomalously high protein content in chicory seeds may explain the efficiency of selenium accumulation while relatively low antioxidant activity may be connected with lower levels of essential oil. Direct correlations between polyphenol content and total antioxidant activity were demonstrated for carrot (r=+0.924; P<0.01) and chicory (r= 0.803; P<0.01) seeds.
A Sequent Systems without Improper Derivations
Authors: Sasaki Katsumi
Published: October 2021

In the natural deduction system for classical propositional logic given by G. Gentzen, there are some inference rules with assumptions discharged by the rule. D. Prawitz calls such inference rules improper, and others proper. Improper inference rules are more complicated and are often harder to understand than the proper ones. In the present paper, we distinguish between proper and improper derivations by using sequent systems. Specifically, we introduce a sequent system \(\vdash_{\bf Sc}\) for classical propositional logic with only structural rules, and prove that \(\vdash_{\bf Sc}\) does not allow improper derivations in general. For instance, the sequent \(\Rightarrow p \to q\) cannot be derived from the sequent \(p \Rightarrow q\) in \(\vdash_{\bf Sc}\). In order to prove the failure of improper derivations, we modify the usual notion of truth valuation, and using the modified valuation, we prove the completeness of \(\vdash_{\bf Sc}\). We also consider whether an improper derivation can be described generally by using \(\vdash_{\bf Sc}\).
Türkiye’de Gebelik ve Anestezi Konulu Yayınların Bibliyometrik Analizi
Authors: YILDIZ Emel
Published: October 2021

Obstetrik anestezi, anesteziyoloji biliminin alt başlığı olup, bebek ve anne ölümlerinin azaltılması konusunda önemli bir başlıktır. Ancak ülkemizde gebelik anestezisi konusunda yan dal uzmanlığı veya ülkemize ait rehber bulunmamaktadır. Bu bibliyometrik analiz çalışması ile gebelik ve anestezi konuları ile ilgili ulusal literatürün yeterliliğini araştırmak ve ileride yapılacak çalışmalara yol göstermesi amaçlandı. Çalışmada Türk Medline veri tabanı 'gebe' veya 'gebelik' veya ‘obstetrik’ ve 'anestezi' anahtar kelimeleri kullanılarak tarandı. 2005-2020 yılları arasında yayınlanmış araştırma makaleleri gözden geçirildi. Google Akademik ve Google arama motoru üzerinden makalelerin tam metinlerine ulaşıldı. Makaleler; yayın yılı, yayının yapıldığı kurum, yer, yazar sayısı, anahtar kelimeler ve anahtar kelime sayısı, örneklem, örneklem büyüklüğü, çalışma konusu, atıf sayısı, yayın dili ve yayınlandığı dergi açısından değerlendirildi. Çalışmada 65 makale incelendi; tam metnine ulaşılan 59 makale içerik analizi ve genel değerlendirme, içeriğine ulaşılamayan 9 makale ise sadece genel değerlendirmeye tabi tutuldu. Yazar sayısı 1-9 arasında değişmekte idi, ortalama yazar sayısı: 5,13±1,8 ortalama anahtar kelime sayısı 4,3±0,8 ve ortalama sayfa sayısı 6,21± 2,7 idi. Yayınların 41’i (%63,1) Türkçe ve 23’ ü (%35,4) İngilizce dilinde yazılmıştı. Yayınlar 2006 yılından beri mevcuttu. Yayınlar 31 farklı dergide yayınlanmıştı. En fazla makale, Türk Anestezi ve Reanimasyon Dergisi %26,1 ve Anestezi Dergisi’nde %13,8. En fazla prospektif türde yayın mevcuttu. Çalışmaların sadece %7,7’si kontrol grubu vardı ve %36,9’u atıf almıştı. Yerli literatürün incelendiği bu çalışma, obstetrik anestezi konusunda gerek makale gerek de atıf sayılarının arttırılması gerekliliğini göstermektedir.
Predation and prey-caching of Eastern Water Skinks Eulamprus quoyii by nesting Nankeen Kestrels Falco cenchroides in eastern New South Wales
Authors: Pryor Kimberley
Published: October 2021

The breeding diet of a pair of Nankeen Kestrels Falco cenchroides nesting in Beresfield, eastern New South Wales, in 2020 was investigated. By individual prey species, the diet comprised 61.3% reptiles (including two prey species not previously recorded in the Nankeen Kestrel diet—Eastern Water Skink Eulamprus quoyii and most likely Southern Rainbow Skink Carlia tetradactyla), 9.7% birds (including a new prey species—Superb Fairy-wren Malurus cyaneus), 6.4% invertebrates (two crickets: Grylloidea), 3.2% mammals (one House Mouse Mus musculus) and 19.4% unidentified prey items (percentages by number). During 31.5 h of observations, the male delivered 22/31 prey items (71%) and the female delivered 9/31 prey items (29%) to the nest tree. The average delivery rate over the entire nestling period was one prey item per hour. Prey-caching, whereby the female stored lizards in the fork of a tree and later retrieved them and fed them tothe single nestling, was observed. Further studies are needed to obtain well-documented accounts of prey-caching by Australian falcons.
Folic Acid Decorated β-Cyclodextrin-Based Poly(ε-Caprolactone)/Dextran Star Polymer with Disulﬁde Bond-Linker as Theranostic Nanoparticle for Tumor-Targeted MRI and Chemotherapy
Authors: Yang Huikang , Wang Nianhua , Yang Ruimeng , Zhang Li-Ming , Jiang Xinqing
Published: October 2021

β-cyclodextrin-based star polymers have attracted much interest because of their unique structures and potential biomedical and biological applications. Herein, we synthesized well-defined folic acid (FA)-conjugated and disulfide bond-linked star polymer ((FA-Dex-SS)-βCD-(PCL)14) acted as theranostic nanoparticles for tumor-targeted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and chemotherapy. Theranostic nanoparticles were obtained by loading doxorubicin (DOX) and superparamagnetic iron oxide particles (SPIO) were loaded into the star polymer nanoparticles to obtain ((FA-Dex-SS)-βCD-(PCL)14@DOX/SPIO) theranostic nanoparticles. In vitro drug release studies showed that approximately 100% of the DOX was released from disulfide bond-linked theranostic nanoparticles within 24 h under a reducing environment in the presence of 10.0 mM GSH. DOX and SPIO could be delivered into HepG2 cells efficiently, owing to folate receptor-mediated endocytosis process of the nanoparticles and GSH triggered disulfide-bonds cleaving.Moreover, (FA-Dex-SS)-βCD-(PCL)14@DOX/SPIO showed strong MRI contrast enhancement properties. In conclusion, folate-decorated reduction-sensitive star polymeric nanoparticles are a potential theranostic nanoparticle candidate for tumor-targeted MRI and chemotherapy.
A Phase Generation Shifting Algorithm for Prosumer Surplus Management in Microgrids using Inverter Automated Control
Authors: Ivanov Ovidiu , Neagu Bogdan Constantin , Gavrilaș Mihai , Grigoraș Gheorghe
Published: October 2021

Four-wire low voltage microgrids supply one-phase consumers with continuously changing electricity demand. For addressing climate change concerns, governments implemented incentive schemes for residential consumers, encouraging the installation of home PV panels for covering self-consumption needs. In the absence of sufficient storage capacities, the surplus is sold back by these entities, called prosumers, to the grid operator or in local markets, to other consumers. While these initiatives encourage the proliferation of green energy resources, and ample research is dedicated to local market designs for prosumer-consumer trading, the main concern of distribution network operators is the influence of power flows generated by prosumer surplus injection on the operating states of microgrids. The change in power flow amount and direction can greatly influence the economic and technical operating conditions of radial grids. This paper proposes a metaheuristic algorithm for prosumer surplus management that optimizes the power surplus injections using the automated control of three-phase inverters, with the aim of improving the active power losses and balancing the phase voltage profiles. A case study is performed on two real distribution networks with distinct layouts and load profiles and the algorithm shows its efficiency in both scenarios.
Predictors and Outcomes of Postoperative Hemoglobin of <8 g/dL in Total Joint Arthroplasty
Authors: Chaudhry Yash P. , MacMahon Aoife , Rao Sandesh S. , Mekkawy Kevin L. , Toci Gregory R. , Oni Julius K. , Sterling Robert S. , Khanuja Harpal S.
Published: October 2021

Background:

Restrictive transfusion practices have decreased transfusions in total joint arthroplasty (TJA). A hemoglobin threshold of <8 g/dL is commonly used. Predictors of this degree of postoperative anemia in TJA and its association with postoperative outcomes, independent of transfusions, remain unclear. We identified predictors of postoperative hemoglobin of <8 g/dL and outcomes with and without transfusion in TJA.

Methods:

Primary elective TJA cases performed with a multimodal blood management protocol from 2017 to 2018 were reviewed, identifying 1,583 cases. Preoperative and postoperative variables were compared between patients with postoperative hemoglobin of <8 and ≥8 g/dL. Logistic regression and receiver operating characteristic curves were used to assess predictors of postoperative hemoglobin of <8 g/dL.

Results:

Positive predictors of postoperative hemoglobin of <8 g/dL were preoperative hemoglobin level (odds ratio [OR] per 1.0-g/dL decrease, 3.0 [95% confidence interval (CI), 2.4 to 3.7]), total hip arthroplasty (OR compared with total knee arthroplasty, 2.1 [95% CI, 1.3 to 3.4]), and operative time (OR per 30-minute increase, 2.0 [95% CI, 1.6 to 2.6]). Negative predictors of postoperative hemoglobin of <8 g/dL were tranexamic acid use (OR, 0.42 [95% CI, 0.20 to 0.85]) and body mass index (OR per 1 kg/m2 above normal, 0.90 [95% CI, 0.86 to 0.94]). Preoperative hemoglobin levels of <12.4 g/dL in women and <13.4 g/dL in men best predicted postoperative hemoglobin of <8 g/dL. Overall, 5.2% of patients with postoperative hemoglobin of 7 to 8 g/dL and 95% of patients with postoperative hemoglobin of <7 g/dL received transfusions. Patients with postoperative hemoglobin of <8 g/dL had longer hospital stays (p < 0.001) and greater rates of emergency department visits or readmissions (p = 0.001) and acute kidney injury (p < 0.001). Among patients with postoperative hemoglobin of <8 g/dL, patients who received transfusions had a lower postoperative hemoglobin nadir (p < 0.001) and a longer hospital stay (p = 0.035) than patients who did not receive transfusions.

Conclusions:

Postoperative hemoglobin of <8 g/dL after TJA was associated with worse outcomes, even for patients who do not receive transfusions. Optimizing preoperative hemoglobin levels may mitigate postoperative anemia and adverse outcomes.

Level of Evidence:

Prognostic Level IV. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Lymphedema Is a Significant Risk Factor for Failure After Primary Total Hip Arthroplasty
Authors: Rainer William G. , Kolz Joshua M. , Wyles Cody C. , Houdek Matthew T. , Perry Kevin I. , Lewallen David G.
Published: October 2021

Background:

Lymphedema is a chronic disease characterized by fluid buildup and swelling that can lead to skin and soft-tissue fibrosis and recurring soft-tissue infections. Literature with regard to the increased risk of complications following a surgical procedure in patients with lymphedema is emerging, but the impact of lymphedema in the setting of primary total hip arthroplasty (THA) remains unknown. The purpose of this study was to review outcomes following primary THA performed in patients with lymphedema compared with a matched cohort without lymphedema.

Methods:

Using our institutional total joint registry and medical records, we identified 83 patients (57 were female and 26 were male) who underwent THA with ipsilateral lymphedema. For comparison, these patients were matched 1:6 (based on sex, age, date of the surgical procedure, and body mass index [BMI]) to a group of 498 patients without lymphedema who underwent primary THA for osteoarthritis. Subsequently, postoperative complications and implant survivorship were evaluated for each group. The mean follow-up for each group was 6 years. Survivorship was compared between cohorts using Kaplan-Meier methodology and included both survivorship free of infection and survivorship free of reoperation or revision. Univariate Cox regression analysis was utilized to assess the association between patient factors for the time to event outcomes noted above.

Results:

In patients with a history of lymphedema, there was an increased risk of complications (hazard ratio [HR], 1.97; p < 0.01), including reoperation for any cause (HR, 3.16; p < 0.01) and postoperative infection (HR, 4.48; p < 0.01). The 5-year infection-free survival rate was 90.3% for patients with lymphedema compared with 97.7% for patients without lymphedema (p < 0.01).

Conclusions:

Patients with lymphedema are at increased risk for complications, including reoperation and infection, following primary THA. These data emphasize the importance of appropriate preoperative counseling in this population and should encourage efforts to identify methods to improve outcomes, including further investigation of the effects of preoperative optimization of lymphedema prior to THA and methods for improved perioperative management.

Level of Evidence:

Prognostic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.