bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dengue confirmado virológica y serológicamente en Cali
Authors: Astudillo Cuero Jair , Restrepo de Mesa María Teresa , Tafur Calderón Luis Alberto
Published: August 2024

A 19 pacientes del Centro de Atención Básica La Selva del Instituto de Seguros Sociales y a 44 personas que solicitaron exámenes de diagnóstico de dengue en el Laboratorio de Virus del Departamento de Microbiología de la Universidad del Valle, entre marzo y octubre de 1987, se les tomó muestra de sangre para aislamiento de virus y para serología. Se identificaron 29 casos de dengue, 18 de ellos por aislamiento de virus dengue 1, 2 por aislamiento de virus dengue 2, y 9 casos por seroconversión. Mostraron respuesta inmunitaria primaria 16 pacientes y secundaria 6. Otros 7 pacientes con aislamiento del virus no proporcionaron el suero convalesciente que permitiera clasificar su respuesta inmunitaria como primaria o secundaria. Todos los pacientes desarrollaron los síntomas de la fiebre del dengue. Aunque 10 presentaron síntomas hemorrágicos no se observaron casos de fiebre hemorrágica del dengue ni del síndrome del shock del dengue. El aislamiento de los virus DEN-1 y DEN-2 indica la circulación simultánea de ellos en el ambiente, lo cual debe alertar a las autoridades para incrementar las medidas de control contra el mosquito Aedes aegypti.
El caso radiológico
Authors: Chamorro-Mera Carlos
Published: August 2024

Mujer de 43 años de edad, raza blanca, con cólicos en el epigastrio que se iniciaron después de haber ingerido una comida rica en grasas; hay historia de intolerancia a estos alimentos.
Alteraciones hematológicas en niños de madres toxémicas
Authors: Echandía Carlos , Pereira Fabio D. , Fajardo Luis Francisco , Escobar Carmenza
Published: August 2024

La toxemia del embarazo se ha asociado con alteraciones hematológicas, neutropenia y trombocitopenia, sobre todo en el recién nacido, aunque hay controversias al respecto. Para dilucidar este hecho se estudiaron prospectivamente con seguimiento clínico y hematológico completo 81 recién nacidos, hijos de madres toxémicas, la mayoría con toxemia severa. Como controles se analizaron 21 recién nacidos sanos escogidos en forma secuencial. El estudio se hizo en el Hospital Universitario del Valle, Cali, Colombia, Entre septiembre y noviembre de 1987. En los hijos de madres toxémicas hubo mayor anoxia perinatal; no se encontró leucopenia ni trombocitopenia como lo informa la literatura; hubo mayor hematocrito y menor número de neutrófilos sin llegar a neutropenia; a mayor severidad de la toxemia se encontraron alteraciones en las plaquetas, es decir, trombocitopenia y trombocitosis por igual, siendo este último hallazgo un hecho no informado. Finalmente, las drogas que se usaron para el manejo de la toxemia, no influyeron en el recuento plaquetario.
El caso radiológico
Authors: Chamorro-Mera Carlos
Published: August 2024

Hombre de 55 años, que consulta por dolor agudo en el hipocondrio derecho. El dolor comenzó dos días antes, después de un almuerzo copioso de "rellena y fritos"; no ha calmado con los antiespasmódicos usuales empleados en el tratamiento de los cólicos. Se nota agudamente enfermo.
Al examen hay dolor sobre la zona de la vesícula biliar, presenta signo de Murphy positivo. Hay leucocitosis de 13,500 con predominio de neutrófilos. Se toma radiografía simple de abdomen.
Abdomen abierto en sepsis intraabdominal. Malla de nylon con cierre.
Authors: Ordóñez Carlos Alberto , Ferrada D. Ricardo , Torres Edgar , Flórez Guillermo
Published: August 2024

La sepsis intrabdominal presenta una mortalidad entre 30% y 80% con el manejo tradicional la laparotomía y drenaje del foco séptico. En la literatura se han descrito varios métodos para prevenir la reacumulación de las sepsis. Se muestra la experiencia en el Hospital Universitario del Valle, Cali, Colombia. Se manejaron en un período de 18 meses, 65 pacientes con sepsis abdominal con el abdomen abierto y malla de plástico inicialmente y luego con malla de nylon con cierre de cremallera. Se describe la técnica para la colocación de la malla y el manejo de los lavados abdominales cada 24 horas en la cama del paciente bajo sedación. Los pacientes se les agrupó según la clasificación anatómica, se midió el APACHE II, el PATI y se correlacionó con la mortalidad. La principal indicación para la colocación de la malla fue la peritonitis generalizada difusa. Se realizaron 4.74 lavados en promedio para los pacientes que sobrevivieron y el número promedio de días con la malla fue 11.3. La mortalidad para los pacientes con malla y lavados fue 31.5%
Reflexiones sobre 35 años de práctica médica en Cali
Authors: Lega Siccar Jorge
Published: August 2024

N/A
Seroprevalencia de anticuerpos contra el virus del SIDA en prostitutas
Authors: Espitia Victoria Eugenia
Published: August 2024

Este trabajo se hizo para conocer el comportamiento del virus de inmunodeficiencia humana en un grupo de prostitutas de Cali, estudio que a pesar de su importancia, no se había realizado en la ciudad. Se estudiaron 1,066 mujeres en el Programa de Enfermedades de Transmisión Sexual de la Secretaría de Salud Pública Municipal de Cali y 350 pertenecientes al grupo de mujeres que trabajan en la calle sin ninguna afiliación. De 1,066 muestras examinadas se encontraron 11 (1%), inicialmente positivas por el métodos ELISA y 5 (0.46%) repetidamente positivas por el mismo método. De éstas, 2 (0.18%) fueron positivas por el método western blot y 1 (0.09%) fue positiva por el método de inmunofluorescencia.
Colitis ulcerativa: ¿una enfermedad psicosomática?
Authors: Romero Guido Mauricio
Published: August 2024

La revisión que se realiza en el presente artículo pretende mostrar la evolución histórica de ver el aspecto psicológico como factor causal de la colitis ulcerativa. Este enfoque se inició hace 60 años aproximadamente, con los trabajos pioneros de Cecil D. Murray en el Hospital Presbiteriano de la ciudad de New York. Es un aporte para lograr una mayor comprensión en los fenómenos que contribuyen a su génesis, dentro de una concepción de su perspectiva biopsico-social.
Bebés en riesgo: la búsqueda del bienestar comunicativo
Authors: Quintana Patricia , Gómez Perdomo Claudia
Published: August 2024

Este artículo describe y explica las condiciones de riesgo bajo las cuales surgen las posibilidades de desórdenes en la adquisición y desarrollo del lenguaje. Se plantea el impacto que tiene para el bebé un desorden del lenguaje y se resaltan sus implicaciones, eminentemente humanas. Se conceptualiza la adquisición del lenguaje como un proceso de relaciones estrechas entre la dotación biológica y el ambiente comunicativo. En el mismo sentido, se atribuye el desorden del lenguaje tanto a factores orgánicos, p.e., vulnerabilidad, como a factores del entorno que interfieren en el desarrollo p.e., riesgo.
Epidemiología del trauma craneoencefálico en Cali, Colombia. Informe preliminar
Authors: Gutiérrez María Isabel , Velásquez Miguel , Levy Arnoldo
Published: August 2024

Se analizaron la morbilidad y la mortalidad del trauma craneoencefálico (TCE) con base en la recopilación de todos los casos de TEC admitidos en el Hospital Universitario del Valle y en la Clínica Rafael Uribe de Cali, durante el período de 15 días. Se incluyeron en el mismo lapso los casos fallecidos que llegaron a la oficina médico-legal de Cali por esta causa. el estudio comprendió tan sólo los casos cuyas edades oscilaron entre 15 y 65 años. Durante este tiempo se admitieron 209 pacientes y a la morgue llegaron 55 cadáveres. La edad de la mayoría estaba entre 20 y 40 años. Los accidentes de tránsito fueron responsables en 50% de los casos y la violencia en 22%. Hubo consumo de alcohol en 38% y drogas alucinógenas solamente en 0.5%. Cuando se compara la incidencia de TCE en Cali con estudios similares en San Diego (EEUU) y Aquitaine (Francia) hay una incidencia 2 veces mayor y una mortalidad 4 veces superior.
El caso radiológico
Authors: Chamorro-Mera Carlos
Published: August 2024

Se trata de una señora de 32 años que acude a su médico por amenorrea de 8 semanas de duración con hemorragia vaginas escasa. La prueba de la B-gonadotropina coriónica resultó positiva, con 2,000mm U/ml. quince días atrás le habían realizado ecografía en otro centro con resultados normales para la edad de gestación.
RELAÇÃO DIALÉTICA ENTRE POLÍTICA E ARTES NO CONTEXTO DAS ELEIÇÕES LEGISLATIVAS DE 2024 EM PORTUGAL: ANÁLISE DO DISCURSO DOS PROGRAMAS ELEITORAIS
Authors: Monteiro Susana Sardinha , Mangas Catarina , Caseiro Sofia Felício
Published: August 2024

Num período de grande instabilidade política, marcado pela dissolução da Assembleia da República e pela convocação de eleições legislativas antecipadas, propusemo-nos aferir a importância das artes no discurso político em Portugal, refletida nos programas eleitorais dos partidos políticos e/ou coligações que concorreram às eleições legislativas de 10 de março de 2024. A análise circunscreve-se aos programas eleitorais dos partidos e/ou coligações com representação parlamentar na XV Legislatura (2022-2024) e que se apresentaram como candidatos às eleições de março de 2024. Os preditos programas foram descarregados dos websites oficiais às 23h55 do dia 24 de fevereiro, véspera do início da campanha eleitoral. A análise do discurso considerou um conjunto de vocabulário específico no seu contexto de ocorrência, relacionando o léxico usado nas produções textuais com variáveis categoriais, o que permitiu descrever as diferentes abordagens nesta matéria, comparando-as. Conclui-se, a partir do estudo, que todos os partidos/coligações analisados consideram as artes e a cultura nos respetivos manifestos eleitorais, variando, contudo, no foco e na solidez das propostas. As abordagens confluem na necessidade de garantir um apoio financeiro às artes, e incluem medidas como a descentralização e a acessibilidade, o ensino artístico e o apoio aos profissionais do setor.
Local Stories, Global Audiences: Transformation of Iranian Narratives in a Digital Age
Authors: Fotouhi Sanaz
Published: August 2024

This article examines the production of digital media content from Iran, especially post-2009 elections, and highlights how it has offered a space where local narratives, particularly those that could not be told due to local restrictions and censorships, are reaching digital global audiences. It examines how these previously unheard voices have become contested spaces for shifting and creating new interests in stories that have the power to change popular beliefs about Iran and Iranian society.
The Good Story: Exchanges on Truth, Fiction and Psychoanalytic Psychotherapy
Authors: Vernay Jean-François
Published: August 2024

Jean-François Vernay reviews The Good Story: Exchanges on truth, fiction and psychoanalytic psychotherapy by John Coetzee & Arabella Kurtz.
Challenges Teachers Encounter when Teaching Addition and Subtraction of Word Problems in Grade 3 Mathematics Multilingual Diverse Classrooms
Authors: Sambo Tinyiko Florence
Published: August 2024

Background: Most Grade 3 teachers experience challenges when teaching addition and subtraction of word problems in a multilingual classroom that is being taught in the vernacular language.

Objectives: The author of the research study aimed to explore these challenges teachers encounter when teaching addition and subtraction of word problems in Grade 3 mathematics within multilingual diverse classrooms.

Methods: A qualitative approach was employed through lesson observations and face-to-face semi-structured interviews.

Results: The outcomes revealed that challenges experienced by teachers when teaching addition and subtraction of word problems in Grade 3 mathematics multilingual diverse classrooms can be recognised from different levels of the education system. The Department of Basic Education (DBE) operates at the macrosystem level, as outlined by Bronfenbrenner’s ecological system. The first challenge is the DBE’s policy of admitting learners who are not fully developed for learning in Grade R or Grade 1. Secondly, the problem is exacerbated by progressing learners to the next Grade, even if their performances do not meet the passing requirements, and by implementing a policy that they should not be in one phase for more than four years. The microsystem level includes challenges such as multilingualism and language of learning and teaching, lack of reading ability and reading with understanding, and lack of parental involvement.

Conclusion: The study explored challenges experienced by teachers when teaching addition and subtraction of word problems. If crucial aspects in all the levels linked to the learning and teaching of the learners are collaborated, these challenges can be eliminated, and more learners can develop academically.
Evaluating the contribution of demand response to renewable energy exploitation in smart distribution grids considering multi-dimensional behavior-driven uncertainties
Authors: Xing Yahong , Meng Changhong , Song Wei , Zhao Haibo , Li Qi , Hu Ende
Published: August 2024

Demand Response (DR) is recognized as an efficient method for reducing operational uncertainties and promoting the efficient incorporation of renewable energy sources. However, since the effectiveness of DR is greatly influenced by consumer behavior, it is crucial to determine the degree to which DR programs can offer adaptable capability and facilitate the use of renewable energy resources. To address this challenge, the present paper proposes a methodological framework that characterizes the uncertainties in DR modeling. First, the demand-side activities within DR are segmented into distinct modules, encompassing load utilization, contract selection, and actual performance, to enable a multifaceted analysis of the impacts of physical and human variables across various time scales. On this basis, a variety of data-driven methods such as the regret matching mechanism is introduced to establish the analysis model to evaluate the impact of various factors on DR applicability. Finally, a multi-attribute evaluation framework is proposed, and the effects of implementing DR on the economic viability and environmental sustainability of distribution systems are examined. The proposed framework is demonstrated on an authentic regional distribution system. The simulation results show that compared to scenarios without considering uncertainty, the proposed method can fully consider the impact of DR uncertainty, thereby enabling a more realistic assessment of the benefits associated with DR in enhancing renewable energy accommodation for smart distribution grids. From the comparative analysis of new energy installation scenarios, with the integration of photovoltaic and wind power into the system, the presence of DR can increase the renewable energy consumption rate by 6.39% and 37.44%, respectively, and reduce the system operating cost by 1.37% and 3.32%. Through the comparative analysis of different load types, when DR is a shiftable load and a two-way interactive load, the renewable energy consumption rate increases by 20.57% and 26.35%, and the system operating cost decreases by 2.12% and 4.68%. In this regard, the proposed methodology, hopefully, could provide a reliable tool for utility companies or government regulatory agencies to improve power sector efficiency based on a refined evaluation of the potential for demand-side flexibility in future power grids incorporating renewable energies.
Bahaya Penggunaan Galon Sekali Pakai Terhadap Pencemaran Lingkungan di Jakarta
Authors: Larasati Adinda
Published: August 2024

Plastik merupakan sampah yang sulit diurai, pastik juga merupakan penyumbang terbesar sebagai sampah yang dapat menyebabkan pencemaran lingkungan. Kesulitan dalam penguraian limbah plastik menjadikan banyaknya terbentuk aksi sosial yang mensosialisasikan kepada masyarakat untuk   menggunakan totebag sebagai wadah, belakangan ini muncul perdebatan tentang bahaya penggunaan galon sekali pakai di masyarakat. Hal ini sempat menjadi trending topik di twitter (X), diketahui bahwa di dalam galon plastik sekali pakai mengandung BHA. Selain itu galon plastik sekali pakai juga dapat mempengaruhi kerusakan lingkungan di Jakarta. Karena pada dasarnya plastik merupakan sampah abadi yang dapat bertahan sampai 1000 Tahun., oleh sebab itu artikel ini akan membahas bahaya galon sekali pakai terhadap pencemaran lingkungan di Jakarta dengan menggunakan metode kualiatif dan studi pustaka serta pengamatan terhadap lingkungan masyarakat di Jakarta terutama pada masyarakat yang menggunakan galon sekali pakai dalam kehidupan sehari-hari.
Perceived Parenting, Self-Efficacy, and Resilience in Indian Youth
Authors: Gupta Paridhi , Bhatia Dr. Suruchi , Verma Dr. Nitin Kumar
Published: August 2024

The purpose of this study was to understand the relationship between perceived parenting, self-efficacy, and resilience in Indian Youth, as well as to assess the factors which influence levels of perceived parenting in the domains of involvement, warmth, and autonomy support, along with self-efficacy and resilience in youth. The sample consisted of 154 men and women in the age group of 15-29, based in urban areas of India (mostly Delhi NCR). Perceived parenting, self-efficacy, and resilience were assessed on the basis of gender, parental gender, parental employment, and family structure using the Perception of Parents Scale, General Self-Efficacy Scale, and Brief Resilience Scale. Significant correlations were found between perceived parenting, self-efficacy, and resilience. Significant differences were also found in the perception of mothers and fathers in the domains of involvement, warmth, and autonomy support. Differences were also found in the perception of working and non-working parents (particularly mothers) in the domain of involvement.
Identification and investigation of halite in suspended particulate matter by X-ray diffraction & scanning electron microscope-energy dispersive spectrum in the environment of an industrial city Faisalabad (Pakistan)
Authors:   Department of Physics, University of Central Punjab (UCP), Faisalabad Campus, Faisalabad, Pakistan, Ajmal Syed Kamran , Bukhtawar Sonia ,   Department of Physics, University of Central Punjab (UCP), Faisalabad Campus, Faisalabad, Pakistan, Bashir Tahir ,   Department of Physics, Baha Uddin Zakariya University, Multan-60800, Pakistan
Published: August 2024

Air pollution has numerous distinct and hazardous influences upon living organisms. Faisalabad one of the most polluted and big industrial city with huge air quality problems. The lack of enough knowledge with poor characterization of suspended particulate matter (SPM) showed the inorganic clay minerals present in the atmosphere of Faisalabad city. The characterization of soil compounds and elements were carried out using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) with energy dispersive spectrum (EDS) technique. The XRD analysis was carried out using Hanawalt method of phase identification. The sources of quartz, calcite, gypsum, clinoclore, talc, halite, albite and illite are showing local and remote. Morphology were observed in three micrographs obtained by SEM found particle size 10µm and the composition (% age) of various elements measured by EDS. It has been observed the analysis of silicon (Si), calcium (Ca), iron (Fe) and aluminum (Al) are present in the atmosphere of Faisalabad. Sodium (Na), Potassium (K) and chloride (Cl) are present in little amount showed the presence of halite in the SPM samples.
Clinical Profile of Febrile Neutropenia in Children with Hematological Malignancies
Authors: Marimuthu Balasubramanian , Ramya K. , Navaneetha S. P. , Vijayasankar M.
Published: August 2024

Objectives:

The objective of this study was to assess the risk factors for adverse events during febrile neutropenia episodes in children with hematological malignancies.

Material and Methods:

This observational study was carried out in a tertiary care hospital in Madurai over 1 year. Children diagnosed with hematological malignancies and presenting with febrile neutropenia were included (n = 40). A complete blood count was sent for all children who presented with fever >101 F or 100.4 F for >1 h. If absolute neutrophil count <500 mm3, they were included in the study. Clinical and hematological profiles, along with microbiological investigations, were collected. Descriptive statistics in the form of mean, standard deviation, frequency, percentage, and inferential statistics – Chi-square test was done.

Results:

The mean age of children was 6.45 ± 2.08 years. B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia was the most common malignancy (80%). Most cases occurred during high-risk stratification (77.5%) and within 7 days of chemotherapy (52.5%). Cytarabine (22.5%) and methotrexate (22.5%) were the most common chemotherapy drugs leading to febrile neutropenia. Clinical features included IV-line cellulitis (22.5%), oral mucositis (22.5%), and gastrointestinal involvement (22.5%). Profound neutropenia (38.9%), low hemoglobin (<5 g/dL) (71.6%), platelet count (<50,000/cu.mm) (46.7%), and microbiologically documented infections (47.2%) were associated with poor outcomes. Gram-negative bacilli, particularly Klebsiella (10%) and Pseudomonas (5%), were commonly isolated. Chances of poor outcome were higher in profound neutropenia (38.9%) compared to severe neutropenia (9.1%) (P < 0.05). Those with microbiologically confirmed infection (47.2%) had poor outcomes compared to clinically documented infection (4.3%) (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:

Risk factors for adverse outcomes include short intervals between chemotherapy and neutropenia, profound neutropenia, low hemoglobin, low platelet count, and microbiologically documented infections.
Assessment of the effect of UV radiation on microbiological processes during storage of sugar beet mother roots
Authors: Смирнов М.А. , Селиванова Г.А.
Published: August 2024

Представлены результаты исследования сохранности маточной сахарной свеклы после обработки на стадии послеуборочного хранения УФ-излучением в различных экспозициях. Выявлено, что УФ-излучение в экспозициях 120 с и 180 с позволяет снизить загнивание корнеплодов, в том числе частоту встречаемости основных возбудителей кагатной гнили. Биологическая эффективность приема хранения составляет 80–100 %

The results of a study of the safety of sugar beet mother roots after processing at the stage of post-harvest storage by UV radiation in various exposures are presented. It was revealed that UV radiation at exposures of 120 s and 180 s allow to reduce the rotting of sugar beet mother roots, including the frequency of occurrence of the main pathogenes of clamp rot. The biological efficiency of the storage method is 80–100 %.
Machine learning-assisted c-RASAR modeling of a curated set of orally active nephrotoxic drugs: Similarity-based predictions from close source neighbors
Authors: Banerjee Arkaprava , Roy Kunal
Published: August 2024

Cheminformatics and Machine Learning (ML) have seen exponential progress in the last decade, in the field of chemical risk assessment, due to their efficiency, accuracy, and reliability. The constant evolution of New Approach Methodologies (NAM) has inspired researchers around the globe to deviate from conventional approaches and adopt or develop new, “unconventional” methods. The classification Read-Across Structure-Activity Relationship (c-RASAR) is an unconventional approach that utilizes similarity and error-based information from the nearest neighboring compounds into a Machine Learning modeling framework, resulting in enhanced predictivity. Although this technique has so far been applied to molecular descriptors, we have applied this approach in the present study on molecular fingerprints along with conventional molecular descriptors for ML-based model development from a recently reported highly curated set of orally active nephrotoxic drugs. We initially developed ML models using nine different linear and non-linear algorithms separately on molecular descriptors and MACCS fingerprints, thus generating 18 different ML QSAR models. Using the chemical spaces defined by the modeling descriptors and fingerprints, the similarity and error-based RASAR descriptors were computed, and the most discriminating RASAR descriptors were used to develop another set of 18 different ML c-RASAR models. All 36 models were cross-validated 20 times with a 5-fold cross-validation strategy, and their predictivity was checked on the test set data. A multi-criteria decision-making strategy – the Sum of Ranking Differences (SRD) approach - was adopted to identify the best-performing model based on robustness and external validation parameters. This statistical analysis suggested that the c-RASAR models had an overall good performance, while the best-performing model was also a c-RASAR model. This model was used to screen a true external set data prepared from the known nephrotoxic compounds of DrugBankDB. These results also showed that our model efficiently identifies nephrotoxic compounds. The t-SNE analyses on the descriptors, fingerprints, and the RASAR descriptor spaces inferred that the RASAR descriptors efficiently encode the chemical information, as evident from the tight and distinct clustering of the data points. Additionally, the molecular descriptors and the corresponding RASAR descriptors were used to identify potential activity cliffs using the ARKA framework.
Analysis of Over 1,600 Chemistry YouTube Channels from 2005 to 2023
Authors: Gardner Scott , Bezati Gabriela , Godfrey Tristen , Baird Katie , Bilal Usamah , Loudon Emma , Young Rhona , MacKenzie Lewis Edward
Published: August 2024

Chemistry – “the central science” – has found broad appeal on the freely available global video-sharing platform YouTube. Given that YouTube is now almost universally accessible and may be the first place people look to engage with science topics, and that chemistry YouTube videos are now even being cited in the peer-reviewed literature, it is important to know what sort of chemistry YouTube content is available, who is producing it, and who the target audiences are. By applying both manual and semi-automated search methods, we identified and analysed publicly available data for 1,619 chemistry YouTube channels that were available in 2023. We found that (1) the majority of chemistry YouTube channels (84%) were being produced by independent content creators with no clear affiliation to institutions, corporations, or any other body; (2) the background of the majority of chemistry channel creators was not readily apparent (57%); (3) that the majority of videos were aimed at students (71%); (4) that the majority of videos (71%) were focused on chemistry theory or exam revision. The USA, India, and the UK were the top three countries for producing English-language chemistry YouTube content (19%, 11%, and 5% respectively). 51% of chemistry YouTube channels had not posted a video in the 12 months prior to the sampling period in 2023. We also examined the number of videos produced, channel lifespans, the use of features such as playlists and short-form videos, apparent revenue streams (outside of default advertising), the use of other social media, and whether or not channels were exclusively producing chemistry content. We note that chemistry YouTube video production massively increased in 2020, concurrent with the outbreak of the COVID-19 global pandemic. This study and its associated dataset provide the first large-scale ‘census’ of how YouTube is being used for chemistry communication and education worldwide. We expect our findings to be of interest and use to policy makers, funding agencies, educators, content creators, and the public.
Health Education for Parents with Toddlers with Pneumonia in The Working Area of Puskesmas Haji Pemanggilan, Central Lampung Regency, Year 2023
Authors: Rosmawati Dwi , Windari Fitri , Anggraini Heni , Ningsih Tri Riwayati
Published: August 2024

Pneumonia is one of the infectious diseases that affects babies and young children. According to the Health Profile of Lampung Province 2022, the three districts that contributed the most cases of pneumonia in the news showed Lampung Tengah as much as 2,872 cases, Bandar Lampung 2.468 cases and Lampung East 2.388 cases. The highest number of pneumonia sufferers from 37 health centers in Central Lampung was in the Haji Pemanggilan Health Center area with a total of 444 sufferers. The purpose of this study was to provide health education to parents about pneumonia in toddlers in the working area of Puskesmas Haji Pemanggilan in Central Lampung Regency in 2023. The data analysis method chosen was a simple quantitative descriptive model (descriptive survey). The research subjects were 61 parents of toddlers with pneumonia. From the research results, it was found that there was an increase in parental knowledge by 93%. The conclusion from this research is that there is a significant increase in the knowledge of parents of toddlers to prevent recurrent pneumonia in toddlers.
SISTEM INFORMASI PENGELOLAAN BADAN USAHA MILIK DESA (BUMDES) DI DESA BOGOHARJO DENGAN METODE DEVOPS
Authors: Muthoharoh Nurul Afifah , Buchori Achmad , Wijayanto Wijayanto
Published: August 2024

Penelitian ini dilatar belakangi oleh pengelolaan unit usaha di BUMDes Bogoharjo yang masih dilakukan manual dengan cara menulis data melalui kertas atau buku catatan yang dimana setiap unit usaha dikelola oleh orang yang berbeda sehingga menyebabkan pengelola BUMDes menjadi kesulitan dalam mensinkronkan data dari berbagai unit usaha. Pemanfaatan teknologi informasi ini dapat digunakan untuk membantu pengelola unit usaha BUMDes dalam pengelolaan data ataupun  memberikan informasi terkait dari BUMDes itu sendiri. Sehingga, dikembangkan “Sistem Informasi Pengelolaan Badan Usaha Milik Desa (BUMDes) di Desa Bogoharjo dengan Metode DevOps”.  Tujuan dari penelitian ini membangun Sistem Informasi Pengelolaan Unit Usaha Badan Usaha Milik Desa  (BUMDes) Bogoharjo untuk mempermudah pengelola BUMDes dalam mengelola unit usaha dan memberikan layanan yang tersedia kepada masyarakat secara online. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu metode DevOps dengan tahapan plan, code, build, test,  release, deploy, operate, dan Monitor. Adapun perancangan sistem menggunakan UML (Unifed Modeling System) yaitu flowchart, use case diagram, activity diagram, class diagram, dan sequence diagaram. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa validasi ahli  dengan rata-rata persentase oleh validasi ahli konten sebesar 89% dan validasi ahli media sebesar 84% sehingga Sistem Informasi Pengelolaan BUMDes (Badan Usaha Milik Desa) di Desa Bogoharjo dengan Metode DevOps sangat layak digunakan. Sedangkan hasil dari uji coba kepraktisan menggunakan 25 responden nenghasilkan rata-rata persentase 89% dengan kategori sangat praktis. Sehingga, Sistem Informasi Pengelolaan BUMDes (Badan Usaha Milik Desa) di Desa Bogoharjo dengan Metode DevOps sangat praktis digunakan.
PROFIL KEMAMPUAN MEMECAHKAN MASALAH PADA KONSEP HUKUM NEWTON SISWA SMP NEGERI 1 KRANGGAN
Authors: Hariyanti Etin , Roshayanti Fenny , Siswanto Joko
Published: August 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi profil kemampuan memecahkan masalah pada konsep hukum Newton siswa SMP Negeri 1 Kranggan. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian deskriptif dengan melibatkan 63 siswa sebagai sampel penelitian. Variabel bebas dalam penelitian ini adalah konsep hukum Newton, sedangkan variabel terikatnya adalah kemampuan memecahkan masalah siswa. Pada penelitian ini metode yang digunakan adalah teknik pengumpulan data dengan memberikan tes berdasarkan indikator yang mengikuti tahapan polya yaitu (1) pemahaman masalah, (2) merencanakan pendekatan pemecahan masalah, (3) melaksanakan rencana, dan (4) mengevaluasi solusi yang ditemukan. Tes yang diberikan terdiri atas 8 soal uraian hukum Newton. Dari hasil penelitian yang dilakukan menunjukkan bahwa sebesar 48% siswa dapat memahami masalah, 50% siswa dapat merencanakan masalah, 45% siswa dapat melaksanakan rencana dan 35% siswa dapat mengevaluasi. Kesimpulan dari hasil penelitian menunjukkan hasil rata-rata adalah 44,5% hal ini masih tergolong rendah. faktor penyebabnya adalah karena kurangnya pemahaman siswa terhadap konsep hukum Newton terbukti dari hasil tes yang dilakukan pada penelitian ini bahwa siswa hanya menghafal persamaan matematis dari hukum Newton tanpa memahami makna fisisnya. Oleh karena itu diharapkan bagi peneliti lain untuk melakukan penelitian lebih lanjut, salah satunya dengan pengembangan strategi pembelajaran yang dapat membantu siswa dalam perolehan pemahaman yang lebih baik tentang hukum Newton dan meningkatkan kemampuan mereka dalam memecahkan masalah  yang berkaitan dengan konsep tersebut.
On the need to transform the paradigm of scientific research in agriculture (the first message)
Authors: Kalichkin V. K.
Published: August 2024

Analysis of the directions of scientific research in the field of agriculture related to the prevailing modern paradigm is presented. Based on the theory of T. Kuhn, the concept of "paradigm" is described, which, according to the scientist's ideas, forms the worldview of researchers in a certain subject area and serves as the basis for choosing approaches and methods of scientific research in any scientific discipline. The methodological foundations of the study of farming systems are shown, and the dependence of agronomic research on logical positivism and instrumentalism with a reductionist approach is emphasized. The application of systematic thinking in the development of research programs in the field of farming, analysis and interpretation of the results of field experiments, including the use of artificial intelligence is substantiated. The need to develop research on the geography of farming systems and their scaling in space and time through the formation of archetypes based on the results of field experiments of scientific and educational institutions obtained on "small plots" is emphasized. In order to develop approaches to scaling the archetypes of farming systems, it is proposed to use the concept of "geons" as one of the promising trends in geoinformatics, as well as remote sensing materials. Increasing biodiversity, in particular diversification, may be one of the main approaches to overcome the negative impacts of chemical-technogenic intensification on nature. Strategies for diversifying cropping systems are implemented through crop rotations, associated plant species (cover crops, trap crops, repellent crops, buffer crops), mixture of varieties and crops, agroforestry and formation of agro-landscape heterogeneity. As part of the adaptation of farming systems to potential climate change, it is useful to integrate knowledge from quantitative climate models and farming system archetype models for use in digital farming management systems "on the ground". Efforts should be directed towards the development of simulation modeling. Mechanistic models of crop production process developed for a homogeneous unit at a particular point in space need to be scaled for different environmental scenarios.
Treatment Option for Anal Fissure- Chemical or Surgical?
Authors: Cheema Kamran , Azeem Muhammad , Anjum Nawaz , Raza Ahmad
Published: August 2024

Background: Anal fissure is treated surgically with lateral internal sphincterotomy (LIS) or by chemical denervation using Botulinum toxin (Botox). Due to fear of incontinence surgeons used Botox instead of LIS. In this study we evaluated the outcome of LIS & Botox treatment in patients with anal fissure. Objective: The aim of our study was compare the satisfaction rate of patients, recurrence and incontinence in Botox vs LIS.  Study Design: Prospective study. Settings: University of Lahore, Lahore Pakistan. Duration: From 2018 to 2019. Methods: Its prospective study from 2018 to 2019 to find out the outcome of LIS vs Botox in patients suffering from anal fissure in regard of patient satisfaction and incontinence. Results: Study included 71 patients who met the criteria, 52 patients underwent lateral sphincterotomy and 19 patients got Botulinum toxin injection with median age of 47 for LIS and 39 for Botox. Cleveland Clinic Fecal Incontinence (CCFI) score was higher in Botox than LIS patients (2.3 vs0.6, P=0.006) and continence was about 52% in Botox vs 91% for LIS. Recurrence rate was quite high in Botox than LIS patients (40% vs 7%, P=0.04). Conclusion:  The recurrence rate is quite low in LIS. However, regarding continence outcome, both procedures may need a safe approach.
Análise do sensoriamento espectral em um cenário realista de TVWS no Brasil
Authors: Anjos André Antônio dos , Martins Dayane Cristina Jesus
Published: August 2024

Os Rádios Cognitivos (RCs), por meio do sensoriamento espectral, surgem como solução para aumentar a eficiência do uso do espectro eletromagnético. No presente trabalho, o sensoriamento espectral, a partir da técnica de detecção de energia, será simulado e avaliado em cenários de oportunidades de transmissão na faixa de TV no Brasil. Nessa faixa de frequência, os usuários licenciados utilizam um sinal de transmissão com Multiplexação por Divisão de Frequências Ortogonais (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing – OFDM), com características definidas e padronizadas que serão consideradas no desenvolvimento da simulação. Nesta última, é considerado um sinal de usuário primário do Serviço Integrado de Transmissão Digital (Integrated Services Digital Broadcasting – Terrestrial Brazilian Version – ISDB-TB) e um canal de desvanecimento Rayleigh lento, no qual não há uma visada direta entre o RC e o transmissor primário. O trabalho investigará, por meio da análise das probabilidades de detecção e de falso alarme, o desempenho do sistema de sensoriamento em diversas situações, tais como variação do número de amostras coletadas por RC, variação da relação sinal-ruído média e, por último, um cenário cooperativo, no qual se verifica a influência do número de RCs na qualidade do sensoriamento realizado.
Palavras-chave: Sensoriamento Espectral. TV White Space. Rádio Cognitivo.
 
Analysis of spectral sensing in a realistic tvws scene in Brazil
Abstract
Cognitive radios (CRs), employing spectral sensing, emerge as a solution to enhance the efficiency of electromagnetic spectrum utilization. In the present study, spectral sensing through energy detection will be simulated and assessed within scenarios of transmission opportunities in the TV frequency band in Brazil. Within this frequency band, licensed users employ an Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) transmission signal with well-defined and standardized characteristics, which will be accounted for in the simulation development. The simulation encompasses a primary user signal of the Integrated Services Digital Broadcasting – Terrestrial Brazilian Version (ISDB-TB) and a slow Rayleigh fading channel, where no direct line of sight exists between the CR and the primary transmitter. The research will investigate the sensing system’s performance by analyzing detection and false alarm probabilities under various conditions, such as varying the number of samples collected by each CR, adjusting the mean signal-to-noise ratio, and finally, a cooperative scenario where the influence of the number of CRs on the quality of sensing will be examined.
Keywords: Spectrum Sensing. TV White Space. Cognitive Radio.
Pengaruh Keterampilan Manajerial Kepala Sekolah, Budaya Organisasi dan Motivasi Kerja Terhadap Disiplin Kerja Guru di MTs Swasta di Banyu Urip
Authors: Ahmad Agus , Citriadin Yudin , Thohri Muhammad
Published: August 2024

Penelitian ini berfokus pada guru yang bekerja di sekolah swasta di Desa Banyu Urip, Gerung, Lombok Barat. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis dan menentukan pengaruh positif dan signifikan dari keterampilan manajerial kepala sekolah, budaya organisasi, dan motivasi kerja terhadap disiplin kerja guru swasta di Banyu Urip. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan korelasional, dengan populasi penelitian adalah guru swasta di Banyu Urip. Alat pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah kuesioner, dan analisis data dilakukan dengan menggunakan regresi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa keterampilan manajerial kepala sekolah, budaya organisasi, dan motivasi kerja memiliki pengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap disiplin kerja guru swasta di Banyu Urip, baik secara parsial maupun simultan. Ini berarti bahwa jika keterampilan manajerial kepala sekolah, budaya organisasi, dan motivasi kerja meningkat, maka disiplin kerja guru swasta di Desa Banyu Urip, Kecamatan Gerung, juga akan meningkat.
O ENSINO DA MATEMÁTICA NA EDUCAÇÃO DE JOVENS E ADULTOS: SABERES E PRÁTICAS NA FORMAÇÃO DO PROFESSOR
Authors: RIBEIRO BRUNO THAYGUARA DE OLIVEIRA , Groenwald Claudia Lisete Oliveira
Published: August 2024

A Educação de Jovens e Adultos (EJA) é a etapa destinada ao público composto por jovens, adultos e idosos que não conseguiram concluir seus estudos em razão de diversos fatores, tendo nessa modalidade
Impact of Metro Rail Transit Systems in Metropolitan Cities: A Bibliometric Analysis
Authors: Ranjan Vikash , Mandal Shailendra
Published: August 2024

The research investigates the evolving context of Metro Rail Transit (MRT) systems, using a thorough bibliometric analysis to identify patterns, trends, and significant contributors impacting scholarly debate. The study focuses on the effects of MRT systems in metropolitan cities, looking at both existing studies and new areas for future research. The primary goals are to examine the evolving publication scene, identify prominent individuals and entities, analyze keyword networks, and understand current research subjects. The study aims to provide a complete understanding of the effects of MRT systems to guide future research and inform urban planning decisions. Using bibliometric approaches, the study examines a varied dataset of scientific publications about MRT systems. The examination includes advancements in publication trends, identification of significant contributors, and analysis of keyword networks, titles, and abstracts to help untangle the complexity of MRT systems’ impact. The study uncovers dynamic shifts in scholarly contributions, emphasizing research themes and identifying significant contributors, organizations, and countries fostering creative discussions. Transit-oriented development, environmental sustainability, and socioeconomic ramifications are key topics that match global goals. The study meets its aims, offering significant insights into the various effects of MRT systems in metropolitan areas. By analyzing growing trends, identifying major contributors, and explaining key topics, the research lays the groundwork for future investigations, directing educated urban planning decision-making. The study’s future implications stem from its ability to drive further research, emphasizing the continued importance of investigating real-world consequences, ethical considerations, and fair access to emerging technologies. As urban mobility advances, this study offers the framework for informed decision-making and continuous innovation in metropolitan transit networks.
Early recognition of parkinson's disease through acoustic analysis and machine learning
Authors: Niloofar Fadavi  , Nazanin Fadavi
Published: August 2024

Parkinson's Disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that significantly impacts both motor and non-motor functions, including speech. Early and accurate recognition of PD through speech analysis can greatly enhance patient outcomes by enabling timely intervention. This paper provides a comprehensive review of methods for PD recognition using speech data, highlighting advances in machine learning and data-driven approaches. We discuss the process of data wrangling, including data collection, cleaning, transformation, and exploratory data analysis, to prepare the dataset for machine learning applications. Various classification algorithms are explored, including logistic regression, SVM, and neural networks, with and without feature selection. Each method is evaluated based on accuracy, precision, and training time. Our findings indicate that specific acoustic features and advanced machine-learning techniques can effectively differentiate between individuals with PD and healthy controls. The study concludes with a comparison of the different models, identifying the most effective approaches for PD recognition, and suggesting potential directions for future research.
An investigation of teacher modeling’s effect on pedagogical competence in public secondary school in Kenya
Authors: Kennedy Amadi Omega  , Manasi Echaune  , Tecla Cecilia Kirwa
Published: August 2024

Teaching strategies of the 21st century worldwide are ever-changing and need constant upgrading through teacher mentorship practices (TMP) that enhance their pedagogical competence. The purpose of the study was to examine the effect of teacher modeling on pedagogical competence in public secondary schools in Kenya. The study adopted mixed methods research design, grounded in pragmatism research paradigm. The target population was 105,234 teachers including Principals from 8,933 public secondary schools in 47 counties in Kenya. Using the Krejcie and Morgan table (1970) a sample size of 384 was determined with a slight oversampling of 56 to 440 respondents. Teachers in national schools were preferred. Simple random sampling was used to get 36 counties from which 2 national schools were purposively sampled bringing the total number to 72 national schools. Principals from these schools were included in the study. Through purposive sampling 184 teacher mentors who were heads of departments were included in the study while 184 novice/teacher mentees were identified through simple random sampling. The data was collected using Focused Group discussion (FGD) and questionnaires. Qualitative data was analyzed using themes while quantitative data was analyzed using descriptive statistics namely frequencies, mean and standard deviations as well as inferential statistics namely Pearson correlation, ANOVA and simple linear regression analysis. The findings revealed that, teacher modeling has statistically significant effect on pedagogical competence in public secondary schools in Kenya (t= 9.328 (B=0.000) p<.0001). The study concludes that teacher modeling emerges as a multifaceted approach to professional development (PD), offering novice/mentee teachers a blueprint for pedagogical excellence across various dimensions. It recommends that for the purpose of teacher mentorship in public secondary, schools administrators should make teacher modeling a priority to foster their pedagogical competencies.
Outpatient management of PCOS induced infertility through Ayurveda
Authors: R. Bhagavathy Ammal  , Uma Pukkuzhi Purushothaman  , Meera Sudhakaran
Published: August 2024

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is an endocrine pathology commonly seen in females of reproductive age. Young adults are usually affected soon after hitting puberty. Nearly 15% of the global population is affected by this syndrome and the incidence is progressively increasing due to the present lifestyle and its demands on the human body and psyche. Obesity, infertility, insulin resistance and mental stress are some of commonly seen comorbidities of PCOS. According to Ayurveda perspective PCOS cannot be restricted to a particular disease but it can be analysed and treated on the basis of symptoms presented and the causes that have led to it. We can co-relate it to raktaja gulma, the condition that lies closest to the presenting pattern of a PCOS patient. Here we have the case report of a 29-year-old female, who is a diagnosed case of PCOS since 4 years. She presented with the complaint of inability to conceive and irregular periods. After 1.5 years of OP level management she conceived and delivered a healthy baby boy.