bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
In-depth characterization of food and environmental microbiomes across different meat processing plants
Authors: Barcenilla Coral , Cobo-Díaz José F. , Puente Alba , Valentino Vincenzo , De Filippis Francesca , Ercolini Danilo , Carlino Niccolò , Pinto Federica , Segata Nicola , Prieto Miguel , López Mercedes , Alvarez-Ordóñez Avelino
Published: October 2024

Background

Processing environments can be an important source of pathogenic and spoilage microorganisms that cross contaminate meat and meat products. The aim of this study was to characterize the microbiome of raw materials, processing environments and end products from 19 facilities producing different meat products.

Results

The taxonomic profiles of the microbial communities evolved along processing, from raw materials to end products, suggesting that food contact (FC) surfaces play an important role in modulating the microbiome of final products. Some species persisted with the highest relative abundance in raw materials, food processing environments and/or in the final product, including species from the genera Pseudomonas, Staphylococcus, Brochothrix, Acinetobacter and Psychrobacter. Processing environments showed a very diverse core microbiota, partially shared with the products. Pseudomonas fragi and Pseudomonas sp. Lz4W (in all sample and facility types) and Brochothrix thermosphacta, Psychrobacter sp. and Psychrobacter sp. P11F6 (in raw materials, FC surfaces and end products) were prominent members of the core microbiota for all facilities, while Latilactobacillus sakei was found as a dominant species exclusively in end products from the facilities producing fermented sausages. Processing environments showed a higher amount of antimicrobial resistance genes and virulence factors than raw materials and end products. One thousand four hundred twenty-one medium/high-quality metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) were reconstructed. Of these, 274 high-quality MAGs (completeness > 90%) corresponded to 210 putative new species, mostly found in processing environments. For two relevant taxa in meat curing and fermentation processes (S. equorum and L. sakei, respectively), phylogenetic variation was observed associated with the specific processing facility under study, which suggests that specific strains of these taxa may be selected in different meat processing plants, likely contributing to the peculiar sensorial traits of the end products produced in them.

Conclusions

Overall, our findings provide the most detailed metagenomics-based perspective up to now of the microbes that thrive in meat, meat products and associated environments and open avenues for future research activities to better understand the microbiome functionality and potential contribution to meat quality and safety.
Ontological analysis and disease statistics of wooden coffin paintings from the Qinghai Tibetan Medicine Culture Museum, China
Authors: Li Yanli , Ruan Yuyao , Cailuotai  , Suonanji  , Liu Panpan , Li Yuhu , Xing Huiping
Published: October 2024

The 35 wooden coffin paintings from the Tubo period of the Tang Dynasty, housed in the collection of Qinghai Tibetan Medicine Cultural Museum, are valuable materials for studying Tubo culture. Research has shown that the wood used for coffin paintings was cypress. The adhesives contain bovine collagen and chicken ovalbumin. The pigments used include carbon black, azurite, cinnabar, orpiment, minium, and lead white. This article provides a statistical analysis of the types and areas of diseases that appear in wooden coffin paintings. Through the application of descriptive statistics, correlation coefficient analysis, principal component analysis, and cluster analysis, it was determined that deterioration phenomena such as rotten, crack, pulverization, and discoloration disease were particularly pronounced in coffin paintings. Key variables influencing the disease of wooden coffin paintings include crystal salt, drop, and pulverization. The dataset was categorized into three distinct clusters, each exhibiting significant differences. This study offers valuable insights and foundational support for the future conservation and restoration of coffin paintings.
Impact of biological therapies on clinical outcomes in patients with severe eosinophilic asthma with chronic rhinosinusitis: an observational study from Saudi Arabia
Authors: Abuelhassan Usama E. , Abdalla Abdelrahman M. , Alfaifi Abdulaziz , Kadasah Sultan K. , Alshehri Mohammed A. , Alasiri Haneen A. , Al-Mani Salihah Y. , Kadasah Ali S. , Musleh Abdullah , Alshafa Fawwaz A. , Qureshi Muhammad S. S. , Assiri Abdulmohsen Y. , Falqi Abdulrahman I. , Asiri Bader I. , Ahmed Haider M. O. , Alshehri Saleem , Rahman Fasih U. , Qureshi Muhammad A. , Abdelwahab Omar , Mohamed Sherif , Ali Ahmed R. I. , Alqahtani Saad M. A. , Elnamaky Medhat
Published: October 2024

Background

We aimed to study the impact of biological therapies in Saudi Arabia on patients with severe asthma (SA) combined with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) in terms of clinical outcomes.

Methods

This is a retrospective observational cohort research that was undertaken at the severe asthma clinics of the Armed Forces Hospital of the Southern Region (AFHSR) and King Khalid University Hospital, Abha, from March to September 2022 to delineate the effects of 3 biological therapies (dupilumab, benralizumab, and omalizumab) in adults with SA and concomitant CRS. Clinical outcomes assessed included asthma exacerbation frequency, hospitalization rates, use of oral corticosteroids (OCs), and the asthma control test (ACT) scores before and 1 year after biological therapies.

Results

Eighty patients were enrolled, with a mean age of 46.68. There were 45 (56%) females and 35 (44%) males. There was a notifiable decrease in the frequency of exacerbations and hospitalization and in the number of patients who received OCs after 6 and 12 months of biological therapies compared to pre-biological therapies, respectively (p < 0.001 each), while there was a significant increase in the ACT scores at 6 and 12 months post-biological therapies, compared to pre-biological therapies, respectively (p < 0.001). These significant differences were maintained with all the 3 biologics used.

Conclusions

Results from the first study from two large Saudi Arabian tertiary centers for patients with SA and CRS agree with and support those of worldwide real-life ones. One-year follow-up showed the effectiveness of the 3 drugs in terms of reduced frequency of asthma hospitalizations and exacerbations, the use of OCs, and improved ACT scores. Further prospective multicenter studies are warranted.
Development and Implementation of a Geriatric Oncology Interdisciplinary Case–Based Educational Intervention for Cancer Care Providers
Authors: Verduzco-Aguirre Haydee C. , Gomez-Moreno Carolina , Navarrete-Reyes Ana P. , Henriquez-Santos Gretell , Monroy Chargoy Javier , Mateos-Soria Abigail , Sánchez-Hernández Juan José , Castelo-Loureiro Alicia , Hamui-Sutton Liz , Sánchez-Mendiola Melchor , Soto-Perez-de-Celis Enrique
Published: October 2024

PURPOSE

To develop and implement a continuing professional development (CPD) activity focused on geriatric assessment (GA) in oncology for oncologists and geriatricians. We evaluated the impact of this activity on knowledge, skills, and performance regarding GA in oncology, as well as its feasibility and acceptability.

METHODS

We included teams composed of an oncologist and a geriatrician working in Mexico. Curriculum content was selected from geriatric oncology guidelines. We used Project Extension for Community Healthcare Outcome (ECHO)'s model to create a 12-week online course. A one-group pretest post-test quasi-experimental design was used to evaluate the intervention's effectiveness. At baseline, participants answered a multiple-choice knowledge assessment, a survey on self-perceived competence in GA, and an adaptation of the Association for Community Cancer Centers Geriatric Oncology Gap Assessment Tool, evaluating self-perceived performance in conducting geriatric interventions. These assessments and a satisfaction questionnaire were also completed postintervention. Baseline and postintervention scores were compared using paired
t
-tests.

RESULTS

We included 40 participants (20 oncologists and 20 geriatricians). Median attendance was 10 sessions (range 2-12). Thirty-eight participants completed the satisfaction questionnaire, with a median score of 10/10 (range 8-10). The mean baseline and postintervention knowledge scores were 59.5 ± 12.8 and 74.4 ± 9.7, respectively (
P
< .001, effect size 1.14). The mean baseline and postintervention competence scores were 6.42 ± 2.5 and 9.02 ± 0.8, respectively (
P
< .001, effect size 1.03). The mean baseline and postintervention performance scores were 2.58 ± 0.65 and 3.29 ± 0.5, respectively (
P
< .001, effect size 1.64).

CONCLUSION

A CPD activity for oncologists and geriatricians on the basis of the Project ECHO model was feasible and acceptable, leading to increased knowledge, competence, and performance in geriatric oncology. This could represent a novel method for increasing the geriatric competence of the cancer care workforce in Latin America and globally.
Predictive MINT Pathologic Risk Score for Adjuvant Chemotherapy in Resected Cholangiocarcinoma: A Propensity Score–Matched Multicenter Study in Thailand
Authors: Juengsamarn Jitlada , Sookthon Chatsuda , Jeerapradit Kaewta , Sriudomporn Kanin , Chansitthichok Satsawat , Ouransatien Weeris , Suragul Wikran , Boonpob Sujitra , Sarkhampee Poowanai , Ngamphaiboon Nuttapong
Published: October 2024

PURPOSE

This study aims to clarify the benefit of adjuvant chemotherapy (AC) in resectable cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) and develop a predictive risk score for treatment selection.

METHODS

Patients with resected CCA undergoing curative surgery, with or without AC, were identified from three centers in Thailand. Patients with R2 resection and 30 days postoperative death were excluded. Using the largest center as the discovery cohort, we generated propensity score matching (PSM). A predictive model for overall survival (OS) was identified, and a predictive risk score was developed from the PSM discovery cohort, classifying patients into high- and low-risk groups. The proposed risk score was validated in the other two centers.

RESULTS

In the discovery cohort, 493 patients were identified. After PSM, 328 patients were categorized into surgery (n = 164) and surgery + AC (n = 164) groups. The baseline characteristics in the PSM discovery cohort were well-balanced. In the validation cohort (n = 83), patients with positive lymph node 1 received AC more frequently than those under observation (47%
v
18%;
P
= .02). A MINT pathologic risk score was developed from multivariate analysis for OS. The score includes margin, perineural invasion, pathologic nodal status, and pathologic tumor size. In the PSM discovery cohort, for the low-risk score group, the surgery group had significantly longer OS compared with the surgery + AC group (49.4
v
31.5 months; hazard ratio [HR], 1.78 [95% CI, 1.11 to 2.86];
P
= .016). Conversely, for the high-risk score group, the surgery + AC group had better OS than the surgery group (18.8
v
8 months; HR, 0.60 [95% CI, 0.46 to 0.79];
P
< .001). The results were comparable in the validation cohort.

CONCLUSION

Patients with resected CCA with a high-risk MINT pathologic risk score were likely to benefit from AC, whereas those with a low-risk score were not. Further validation in a larger prospective cohort is warranted.
Patterns of Care for Brain Metastases in Asia: A Real-World Survey Conducted by the Federation of Asian Organizations for Radiation Oncology
Authors: Uchinami Yusuke , Dasgupta Archya , Nishioka Kentaro , Handoko  , Goda Jayant Sastri , Kim Jun Won , Zaid Rizma Mohd , Kai Yun Ooi , Mehmood Humera , Chitapanarux Imjai , Chopra Supriya , Aoyama Hidefumi
Published: October 2024

PURPOSE

To report the patterns of care for brain metastases (BMs) in the Federation of Asian Organizations for Radiation Oncology (FARO).

METHODS

Overall, 37 questions were prepared. The survey was conducted online using Google Forms, and the URL was distributed to members of the FARO research committee. Radiation oncologists associated with FARO responded to the questionnaire between May 2023 and June 2023, and their answers were analyzed.

RESULTS

Responses were received from 32 radiation oncologists in 13 countries participating in FARO. Twenty-six physicians (81.3%) were affiliated with academic centers, and 22 (68.8%) were able to perform stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) or fractionated stereotactic radiotherapy (fSRT) for BMs at their institution. The most typically used prognostic index for BM was the recursive partitioning analysis classification (17 physicians, 53.1%). The maximum number of BMs indicated for SRT/SRS was ≤three (11 physicians, 34.4%), whereas eight (25.0%) physicians answered for 6-10 BMs. The maximum size of BMs considered for SRS/fSRT was ≤3 cm (14 physicians, 43.8%), whereas nine (28.1%) answered that SRS/fSRT was preferred if the maximum size was >4 cm. When whole-brain radiotherapy (RT) was indicated, hippocampal avoidance and memantine usage were limited to 50.0% and 25.0% of patients, respectively. The most typical RT modality after BM resection was SRS/fSRT alone, regardless of whether the margin was positive (19 physicians, 59.4%) or negative (13 physicians, 40.6%).

CONCLUSION

We report the survey results of the patterns of care for BMs in the FARO. This survey was conducted only among a limited number of FARO members. Since many respondents were affiliated with relatively large-scale academic centers, large-scale surveys, including community hospitals, are warranted for future initiatives.
Failure to Rescue After Resection of Perhilar Cholangiocarcinoma in an International Multicenter Cohort
Authors: Olthof Pim B. , Bouwense Stefan A. W. , Bednarsch Jan , Dewulf Maxime , Kazemier Geert , Maithel Shishir , Jarnagin William R. , Aldrighetti Luca , Roberts Keith J. , Troisi Roberto I. , Malago Massimo M. , Lang Hauke , Alikhanov Ruslan , Ruzzenente Andrea , Malik Hassan , Charco Ramón , Sparrelid Ernesto , Pratschke Johann , Cescon Matteo , Nadalin Silvio , Hagendoorn Jeroen , Schadde Erik , Hoogwater Frederik J. H. , Schnitzbauer Andreas A. , Topal Baki , Lodge Peter , Olde Damink Steven W. M. , Neumann Ulf P. , Groot Koerkamp Bas ,   on behalf of the Perihilar Cholangiocarcinoma Collaboration Group, Bartlett Dm Bartsch F. , Bechstein W. O. , Bednarsch J. , Benzing C. , de Boer M. T. , Buettner S. , Capobianco I. , D’Angelica M. I. , de Reuver P. , de Savornin Lohman E. , Dopazo C. , Efanov M. , Erdmann J. I. , Franken L. C. , Geers J. , Giglio M. C. , Gilg S. , Gomez-Gavara C. , Guglielmi A. , van Gulik T. M. , Hakeem A. , Heil J. , Jansson H. , Kingham T. P. , Maithel S. K , Margies R. , Marino R. , Molenaar Q. I. , Nguyen T. A. , Nooijen L. E. , Nota C. L. M. , Poletto E. , Porte R. J. , Prasad R. , Quinn L. M. , Ratti F. , Ravaioli M. , Rolinger J. , Schmelzle M. , Serenari M. , Sultana A. , Sutcliff R. , Topal H. , van Laarhoven S. , Zonderhuis B. M.
Published: October 2024

Background

Failure to rescue (FTR) is defined as the inability to prevent death after the development of a complication. FTR is a parameter in evaluating multidisciplinary postoperative complication management. The aim of this study was to evaluate FTR rates after major liver resection for perihilar cholangiocarcinoma (pCCA) and analyze factors associated with FTR.

Patients and Method

Patients who underwent major liver resection for pCCA at 27 centers were included. FTR was defined as the presence of a Dindo grade III or higher complication followed by death within 90 days after surgery. Liver failure ISGLS grade B/C were scored. Multivariable logistic analysis was performed to identify predictors of FTR and reported using odds ratio and 95% confidence intervals.

Results

In the 2186 included patients, major morbidity rate was 49%, 90-day mortality rate 13%, and FTR occurred in 24% of patients with a grade III or higher complication. Across centers, major complication rate varied from 19 to 87%, 90-day mortality rate from 5 to 33%, and FTR ranged from 11 to 50% across hospitals. Age [1.04 (1.02–1.05) years], ASA 3 or 4 [1.40 (1.01–1.95)], jaundice at presentation [1.79 (1.16–2.76)], right-sided resection [1.45 (1.06–1.98)], and annual hospital volume < 6 [1.44 (1.07–1.94)] were positively associated with FTR. When liver failure is included, the odds ratio for FTR is 9.58 (6.76–13.68).

Conclusion

FTR occurred in 24% of patients after resection for pCCA. Liver failure was associated with a nine-fold increase of FTR and hospital volume below six was also associated with an increased risk of FTR.
An internal loop region is responsible for inherent target specificity of bacterial cold-shock proteins
Authors: Hasegawa Satoshi , Inose Rerina , Igarashi Mizuki , Tsurumaki Megumi , Saito Motofumi , Yanagisawa Tatsuo , Kanai Akio , Morita Teppei
Published: October 2024

Cold-shock proteins (Csps), of around 70 amino acids, share a protein fold for the cold-shock domain (CSD) that contains RNA-binding motifs, RNP1 and RNP2, and constitute one family of bacterial RNA-binding proteins. Despite similar amino acid composition, Csps have been shown to individually possess inherent specific functions. Here, we identify the molecular differences in Csps that allow selective recognition of RNA targets. Using chimeras and mutants ofEscherichia coliCspD and CspA, we demonstrate that Lys43-Ala44 in an internal loop of CspD, and the N-terminal portion with Lys4 of CspA, are important for determining their target specificities. Pull-down assays suggest that these distinct specificities reflect differences in the ability to act on the target RNAs rather than differences in binding to the RNA targets. A phylogenetic tree constructed from 1,573 Csps reveals that the Csps containing Lys-Ala in the loop form a monophyletic clade, and the members in this clade are shown to have target specificities similar toE. coliCspD. The phylogenetic tree also finds a small cluster of Csps containing Lys-Glu in the loop, and these exhibit a different specificity thanE. coliCspD. Examination of this difference suggests a role of the loop of CspD-type proteins in recognition of specific targets. Additionally, each identified type of Csp shows a different distribution pattern among bacteria. Our findings provide a basis for subclassification of Csps based on target RNA specificity, which will be useful for understanding the functional specialization of Csps.
Primary Salivary Gland Malignancy: A Review on Post-Operative Follow-Up Duration and Radiological Modalities
Authors: Pathmanathan Yuvarahj , Prabhu Vinod , Jafari Khadija
Published: October 2024

Salivary gland cancers (SGC) are rare neoplasms that exhibit a wide array of histological heterogeneities. Most patients presenting with SGCs are asymptomatic, as they are typically slow-growing and localized. Primary surgical resection is the cornerstone treatment for SGCs and radiotherapy is performed in selected cases. There is no consensus on concrete standard post-operative guidelines. Patients are followed-up for years, however an agreed duration of follow-up is less elucidated in the literature present on the subject. Distant metastases are the primary cause of treatment failure. Post-operative diagnostic evidence of disease recurrence or distant metastases is heavily guided by radiological examinations. Patients with SGCs have better outcomes with a well-structured and lengthy follow-up plan. This review aims to suggest an appropriate follow-up duration and radiological modalities used post-operatively for SGC patients.
Determinants of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in university students and support staff in Pakistan: A machine learning and statistical analysis
Authors: Naseem Ayesha , Rasool Fatima , Haashmi Furqan K. , Shoaib Muhammad  Hamza , Carter Wayne G.
Published: October 2024

Background Despite the availability of a vaccine to combat COVID-19 disease, vaccine hesitancy is still a major concern, notably in countries with developing healthcare systems such as Pakistan. Hence, this study considered the rationale for vaccine hesitancy in Pakistani university students and support staff, and the impact of gender, age, and education on vaccination hesitancy. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted with randomly selected university students and supportive staff. An anonymous questionnaire collected data covering socio-demographic characteristics, vaccination status, current beliefs, and past vaccination history. Responses were assessed using descriptive analysis (p-value estimation and correlation/regression) and machine learning models applied to classify individuals based on their acceptance or vaccine hesitancy behavior and then used to predict the important variables associated with vaccine hesitancy. Results The survey of 847 participants revealed that 43% were vaccinated and 57% were vaccine hesitant; of which 37%, 38%, and 25% had safety and efficacy concerns, were afraid of side effects, or exhibited other complacency behavior regarding vaccination, respectively. Non-university educated people were significantly more hesitant than university-educated people (p = 0.033). Vaccine refusal was significantly higher in students than in supportive staff (p = 0.01). Correlation analysis revealed a strong association between key independent variables (the fear of side effects, mistrusted information, and low perceived disease risk without vaccination) and vaccine acceptance (dependent variable), as revealed by linear regression and a Structure Model Equation. Machine learning classified vaccine-hesitant and vaccine-acceptant individuals with commutative accuracy of 96% and 97%, respectively, using random forest and logistic regression. Logistic regression identified five predictors for vaccine hesitancy: low perceived disease risk without vaccination, mistrusted information, the fear of side effects, occupation, and education. Conclusion Education campaigns that cover the safety, efficacy, and importance of vaccination are needed to increase vaccination take-up to protect from COVID-19 disease.
The genome sequence of the Plain Wave moth, Idaea straminata (Borkhausen, 1794)
Authors: Botham Marc ,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Tree of Life Management, Samples and Laboratory team,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Scientific Operations: Sequencing Operations,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Tree of Life Core Informatics team,   Tree of Life Core Informatics collective,   Darwin Tree of Life Consortium
Published: October 2024

We present a genome assembly from an individual male Idaea straminata (the Plain Wave; Arthropoda; Insecta; Lepidoptera; Geometridae). The genome sequence spans 411.30 megabases. Most of the assembly is scaffolded into 31 chromosomal pseudomolecules, including the Z sex chromosome. The mitochondrial genome has also been assembled and is 17.15 kilobases in length. Gene annotation of this assembly on Ensembl identified 17,493 protein-coding genes.
Business correspondence
Authors: Kirsanova Mariya , Aksenov Yuriy
Published: October 2024

A business letter occupies one of the leading places among the documents created in the field of management. Many managers have to compose a large number of letters every day. The textbook discusses the rules for the design of a business letter in Russia according to the National
The standard of the Russian Federation GOST R 7.0.97—2016 "System of standards for information, library and publishing. Organizational and administrative documentation. Requirements for the registration of documents", Order No. 71 of the Federal Archival Agency dated 05/22/2019 "On approval of the Rules of Record Keeping in State bodies, local governments" and the rules for the registration of international letters, which were developed by national standardization services within the framework of ISO. Special attention is paid to the text of the letter, examples of writing letters to public authorities and various organizations are given.
Meets the requirements of the federal state educational standards of higher education of the latest generation.
For students studying office management and management, as well as for management practitioners.
Jornalismo local plataformizado: uma análise dos veículos jornalísticos Voz Bico, Folha do Bico e Tocnotícias.
Authors: Milhomem da Silva Alan , Vidigal Rocha Liana
Published: October 2024

A plataformização atua com um modelo de governança algorítmica que afeta os âmbitos do processo jornalístico, desde a produção, divulgação e circulação das informações (Dolata & Schrape 2022; Silva et al., 2020). Assim, o objetivo deste trabalho é descrever e caracterizar o uso de plataformas digitais por veículos jornalísticos locais na microrregião do Bico do Papagaio, no Tocantins, estado da região norte do Brasil. O estudo se justifica por conta do papel de destaque do consumo de notícias via redes sociais na internet além disso o Bico do Papagaio conta com poucos estudos sobre o consumo na área do jornalismo. Metodologicamente, a pesquisa segue a linha exploratória e descritiva, considerando a observação, registro e análise dos dados (Gil, 2021). Quanto aos processos técnicos, seguimos com análise de conteúdo dos dados coletados a fim de verificar as características destes materiais. para coletar, categorizar e analisar os conteúdos publicados durante duas semanas por três veículos locais (Voz do Bico, Folha do Bico e Tocnotícias) nas plataformas Instagram, Facebook, X (antigo Twitter), YouTube e em suas páginas na web. Foram analisados 250 textos jornalísticos publicados e mais de 150 publicações em redes sociais. Os resultados demonstram uma plataformização dos veículos analisados com perfis nas redes sociais, além de sistema de gerenciamento de conteúdo. Também ficou evidente que há uma produção e circulação de conteúdos limitadas e sem estratégia para a construção de uma presença mais robusta e interativa nas plataformas, visando um maior engajamento e aproveitamento das possibilidades disponíveis.
Medios de comunicación y cambio climático: la cobertura de la radio española de las Cumbres de Madrid y Glasgow.
Authors: de Sola Pueyo Javier
Published: October 2024

Las Conferencias de Naciones Unidas sobre Cambio Climático se han convertido en uno de los eventos relacionados con la situación climática que más interés suscita tanto en la sociedad como en los medios de comunicación. Esta investigación aborda la cobertura periodística realizada por las cuatro cadenas radiofónicas más escuchadas en España —Cadena SER, COPE, Onda Cero y Radio Nacional de España— durante la celebración de las COP25 (Madrid) y COP26 (Glasgow). A través de un análisis de contenido cuantitativo, se estudian los informativos radiofónicos de mediodía desde el día previo y hasta la finalización de ambas cumbres. Los resultados muestran que el interés de las emisoras decreció en la COP de Glasgow con respecto a la de Madrid, tanto en número de publicaciones como en tiempo dedicado. La investigación también revela diferencias significativas en los temas abordados en una y otra cumbre, en la terminología empleada y en los escenarios climáticos futuros que se trasladan a las audiencias. El estudio permite concluir que las emisoras privadas redujeron sus coberturas y que solo fue la radio pública, RNE, la que mantuvo un nivel de atención significativo con respecto a la cuestión climática en ambas COP. Los medios estudiados, se observa, apenas consolidaron avances con respecto a la terminología empleada, si bien sí mejoraron la contextualización de sus informaciones a la hora de advertir sobre las consecuencias del cambio climático.
Classification of student abilities in reducing students’ drop-out rates
Authors: Khasanah Uswatun , Astuti Dwi
Published: October 2024

The number of students in the mathematics education study program has declined over the past four years. Besides a few students enrolled in the first year, there are those who have had a temporary leave. These two things are necessary to identify the cause of study leave and need to analyze education data mining (EDM) to obtain a model of classification of students' abilities so that students can improve their achievement. The impact will be a decrease in the number of students undergoing the study. The subject of this study is a student of mathematics education study program from 2008 to 2018. Based on this data set, each student has information about gender, date of birth, home address, postal code, parent's name, secondary school origin, parent job, parent income cell phone number, graduation/drop-out status. The aim of the study is to identify an efficient model between a decision tree, a random forest and a neural network, based on the accuracy of 80 percent decision tree methods, 87 percent random forest methods and 78 percent neural networks.
Hall current effects on a fully developed combined convection flow in a vertical channel: A study of heat transfer
Authors: Bala A. Jyothi
Published: October 2024

This paper the effect of magnetic field on free and forced convection flow between two vertical parallel plates is studied. The flow is assumed to be steady and fully developed. The vertical walls are kept at different uniform temperatures. The expression for velocity and bulk temperature are obtained in magnetic and in non-magnetic cases. Hall current effect plays a significant role in determining the flow pattern of an incompressible, viscous, conducting fluid under the influence of an external magnetic field. The effects of magnetic parameter or Hartmann number M, ratio of wall temperature differences (rT), ratio of Grashoff number and Reynolds number , the pressure gradient  and the hall parameter (m) is studied numerically on velocity and bulk temperature.
Support Vector Regression optimization with Particle Swam Optimization algorithm for predicting the gold prices
Authors: Selviani Novi , Purwadi Joko
Published: October 2024

This paper discusses about how to predict the gold prices from 1 January 2021 to 31 January 2023. The method used in this study is the Support Vector Regression (SVR) technique, method that was developed from the support vector machine which is used as regression approach to predict future event. From the past study already know that SVR had limitation in achieving good performance because of its sensitivity to parameters. To overcome the SVR performance problems, an optimization algorithm is proposed in this study. The PSO algorithm is applied in this study to optimize the parameters of the SVR method. The results showed that the prediction of the SVR model obtained an MSE value of 0.0035744. While in the SVR model with the PSO algorithm, the MSE value is 0.0033058.
Block Programming Scratch-Based: Interactive Learning Media in the Merdeka Curriculum for Straight Line Equation Material 8th Grade Junior High School
Authors: Triayuningtiyas Alfika , Prasetyo Puguh Wahyu
Published: October 2024

This study aims to develop and produce scratch-based interactive learning media on straight line equation material according to the valid and practical Merdeka Curriculum. This research is motivated by the need for learning media in accordance with the Merdeka Curriculum, to support the learning process on straight line equation material which is considered difficult for students. This development research using the ADDIE model and research was conducted at SMP Muhammadiyah 2 Godean. The research instruments used were interview sheets, material and media expert validation questionnaires, and student response questionnaires. The results shows that the scratch-based learning media developed by researchers were declared valid and practical. The results of the material expert assessment amounted to 95% which met the very valid category. While the media expert's assessment was 73% which met the valid category. The practicality criteria were obtained from the results of student responses to small class trials with a total of 10 students and a large class of 35 students. The small class trial obtained an average score of 87% which meet the criteria for being very practical. Meanwhile, the large class trial obtained an average score of 81% which met the criteria for being very practical.
The Zero-Sum Discrete-Time Feedback Linear Quadratic Dynamic Game: From Two-Player Case to Multi-Player Case
Authors: Musthofa Muhammad Wakhid , Engwerda Jacob
Published: October 2024

The two-person zero-sum discrete-time feedback linear quadratic dynamic game is considered. A method that provides a saddle-point for the zero-sum discrete dynamic game is developed to derive a necessary and sufficient condition under which the game has a feedback saddle-point solution. Existence solutions, which are described in terms of a sequence of nonnegative definite algebraic Riccati matrices, are constructed. Next, a generalization of such a game to a multi-player case is studied. Using the results in a two-person case, the characterization of a feedback saddle-point solution for the multi-player game is derived.
Network Security Monitoring System via Android Mobile App With IDS
Authors: Prasetyo Hamas , Anwar Nuril
Published: October 2024

Network security is an important factor in securing data on a server, so a server needs to be kept safe from things that could threaten the validity and integrity of stored data. One way that can be used to detect threats on a server is implementing an Intrusion detection system on the server. A literature study conducted on research that implemented intrusion detection systems, found that there was a lack of intrusion detection system research that could detect one type of network security attack with a variety of attack variables and it was also found in research that had successfully implemented an intrusion detection system to detect network security attacks but still incorrectly identifying the type of attack. This research uses the Snort intrusion detection system method with an experimental model of an attack detection system and an Android application which is applied to monitor the statistics of attacks detected on the Xyz University network. The research results showed that the rules created on the IDS can detect network security attacks, especially DoS/DDoS and PortScan attacks. Then an IDS was created that can send application alert notifications and SMS with a response time that is quite responsive based on the NIST Cybersecurity reference with an average of 22 seconds for DoS/DDoS attacks and 21 seconds for Port Scanning attacks. For the percentage results from 3 times testing the rule by sending DoS/DDoS attack packets of 309,462 to 1,459,548, getting a high level of accuracy with an average of 92.1% on first test, 91.7% on the second test and 91.5% on the third test. In the results of testing the PortScan rule by sending 1,001 to 10,564 attack packets, a high level of accuracy was obtained with an average result of 92.2% in the first test, 94.2% in the second test and 93.4% in the third test.
Information Security Readiness Assessment at XYZ Agency Using KAMI Index 4.2
Authors: Afriyani Febrilia Dinda , Rahayu Risgi Sri , Afriyani Febrilia Dinda
Published: October 2024

Dinas Xyz is an agency owned by the government of the Special Region of Yogyakarta (DIY) Province. This agency is responsible for managing activities in a region. This research was conducted to evaluate the level of information security readiness at Dinas Xyz using the KAMI Index 4.2 based on ISO/IEC 27001:2013 criteria. This research involves data collection through interviews and observations, followed by data analysis using the KAMI Index categories. The results showed that Dinas Xyz has a sufficient level of information security readiness, with a score of 285 out of a total of 645. This article provides details of the evaluation results for each category. This research suggests improvements to information security management, especially on cloud storage, to meet the minimum requirements of ISO.
Rediscover Story Of Muhammadiyah Through 3D Game By Applying Game Development Life Cycle
Authors: Hafizh Achmad Nur , Azhari Ahmad
Published: October 2024

Though specifically in Indonesia, Muhammadiyah is already well known but there are still some who do not know their history. This makes people that do not know about Muhammadiyah and the history behind it to make unfounded assumptions about the Islamic refined organization. The purpose is to make an educational game based on Muhammadiyah Museum to further increase the wisdom of players about Muhammadiyah’s history and also to remember and know the history behind each artifact is visualized in form of a game to increase the player’s knowledge. The game development for players will be developed using the Game Development Life Cycle (GDLC) methodology and mostly the modelling technique that will be used is mesh modelling technique in Blender. Each step of this methodology is fitting for the game development and the step might be skipped or swapped according to the needs of research. There are 2 black box tests conducted, the first black box test that has 15 functions result is 47% in accordance with several bugs found which was fixed in the second black box test that resulted 87% in accordance, 13% not in accordance because of the feature was not yet implemented but listed in the main menu. The second test conducted which results and practicality of this educational game using the System Usability Scale (SUS) which consists of 10 instrument statements were scored 85.3 which means that this educational game was declared excellent and acceptable.
Image Forensics Using Error Level Analysis and Block Matching Methods
Authors: Sudianto Iis , Anwar Nuril
Published: October 2024

The development of image editing tools today makes everyone able to manipulate images easily so that many images are doubtful of their authenticity. The current image can be used as evidence in a legal case in court. The authenticity of the image is a topic that many have tried to solve various studies. This study discusses the authenticity of the image using the Error Level Analysis (ELA) method to determine the authenticity of the image, especially in the JPEG image. Block Matching is used in the process of dividing an image into several square or block parts. The ELA method has been successfully implemented with 95% image compression resulting in MSE and PSNR values ​​in distinguishing the edited image. The average MSE is 23.8 dB and the average PSNR is 34.47 dB. Block Matching results as a whole show that the pixel value for x values ​​that reach 30 there are 9 images, x values ​​that reach 24 there are 9 images, x values ​​that reach 23 there are 1 image, and for x values ​​that reach 19 there is 1 image. The result of pixel (y) of all images exceeds the value of 12 which in pixel (y) undergoes many changes marked by the presence of white spots.
Blood, War, and Ritual Meals: Transgressive Consumption in 1 Samuel 14:31–35
Authors: Rhyder Julia
Published: October 2024

Abstract: In this article, I explore the curious story of transgressive consumption in 1 Sam 14:31–35 and its significance for scholarly theories about butchery in ancient Israel. After a brief assessment of the literary history of 1 Sam 14:31–35, I review the claim that Saul’s troops at the battle at Michmash slaughtered their animals [inline-graphic 01i], “on” or “toward the ground” and, second, that they ate [inline-graphic 02i], “with” or “over the blood.” Drawing on philological, inner-biblical, and comparative evidence, I argue that the troops appear not to have eaten meat with the blood still in it but rather to have engaged in a ritual meal that involved chthonic forces. This interpretation, in turn, suggests that 1 Sam 14:31–35 was written as a late supplement to the account of Saul’s disastrous battle oath at Michmash, with the aim of advancing the narrative focus on how prohibited consumption, on the one hand, and divination, on the other, contributed to the events that unfolded during the battle. I conclude by cautioning against the use of 1 Sam 14:31–35 to reconstruct generalized norms surrounding butchery in the early history of ancient Israel: this text is not about butchery per se, but rather about the particular problem of using blood to solicit oracular messages from the dead.
Blow the Horn in Gibeah: Hosea 5:8–10 and Hezekiah’s Northern Ambitions
Authors: Dewrell Heath D.
Published: October 2024

Abstract: Hosea 5:8–10 describes a Judahite campaign north into Benjaminite territory. Traditionally, this campaign has been situated in the middle of the eighth century during the conflict commonly known as the Syro-Ephraimite War. This historical context is problematic for several reasons, not least of which is that there is no evidence whatsoever for Judahite aggression during this conflict. Rather, Judah is depicted as helpless in the face of the Israelite-Aramean alliance, merely hoping to survive. On the other hand, the final decades of the eighth century, during the reign of Hezekiah of Judah and after the fall of Samaria to the Assyrians, fit the circumstances described in Hos 5:8–10 remarkably well. This was a period during which both textual and archaeological evidence indicate that Judah expanded northward into Benjaminite territory. Hosea 5:8–10, then, would represent a fascinating glimpse into a Benjaminite view of Hezekiah’s northward expansion. It should come as no surprise that the Benjaminites were somewhat less positive about these developments than their Judahite counterparts were.
Enhancing image reconstruction in photoacoustic imaging using spatial coherence mean-to-standard-deviation factor beamforming
Authors: Wang Xinsheng , Wu Dan , Xie Yonghua , Bi Yuanyuan , Xu Yunqing , Zhang Jing , Luo Qing , Jiang Huabei
Published: October 2024

In photoacoustic imaging (PAI), a delay-and-sum (DAS) beamforming reconstruction algorithm is widely used due to its ease of implementation and fast execution. However, it is plagued by issues such as high sidelobe artifacts and low contrast, that significantly hinder the ability to differentiate various structures in the reconstructed images. In this study, we propose an adaptive weighting factor called spatial coherence mean-to-standard deviation factor (scMSF) in DAS, which is extended into the spatial frequency domain. By combining scMSF with a minimum variance (MV) algorithm, the clutter level is reduced, thereby enhancing the image contrast. Quantitative results obtained from the phantom experiment demonstrate that our proposed method improves contrast ratio (CR) by 30.15 dB and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) by 8.62 dB compared to DAS while also improving full-width at half maxima (FWHM) by 56%. From the in-vivo experiments, the scMSF-based reconstruction image exhibits a higher generalized contrast-to-noise ratio (gCNR), indicating improved target detectability with a 25.6% enhancement over DAS and a 22.5% improvement over MV.
Toward 10-watt-level single-frequency fiber laser oscillators
Authors: Wu Jingwei , Zhu Xiushan , AlYahyaei Khawlah , Peyghambarian Nasser , Norwood Robert A.
Published: October 2024

High-power single-frequency laser oscillators are in great demand for some specific applications, such as quantum information and laser interferometer gravitational-wave observatories, where 10-watt or even 100-watt-level narrow-linewidth lasers with extremely low noise levels are required. In this paper, we present numerical investigations on the power scalability of single-frequency distributed Bragg reflector (DBR) ytterbium-doped phosphate fiber lasers and identify the low-quantum-defect operation approach to 10-watt single-frequency laser oscillators with the best figure of merit, defined by the ratio of the laser efficiency to the quantum defect. This research offers valuable insights for the design and development of high-power single-frequency DBR fiber laser oscillators at many other wavelengths.
Cycle-to-cycle analysis for high-repeatability optical-heterodyne interferometry
Authors: Kato Naoaki , Takiguchi Yu , Nakamura Kazuhiro , Tanaka Hiroshi
Published: October 2024

Optical-heterodyne interferometry enables high-precision measurement of displacement, surface topography, and retardation via the introduction of an optical frequency shift. However, certain types of frequency-shifters including rotating half-waveplates may induce repetitive intensity variation, resulting in precision degradation. To address this issue, the heterodyne signals are split at the local minima during analysis. Using this approach, a single-shot retardation repeatability of λ/380, 000 is achieved at 80 Hz sampling. The proposed method applies to other types of optical-heterodyne interferometry to address challenges such as residual amplitude modulation of an electro-optic modulator to facilitate more precise measurement.
Rb2InCl5·H2O doped with Te4+ for fluorescence thermometry and coordinated water-related structural phase transformation
Authors: Hu Bing , Dong Gaoke , Li Xiunan , Zhang Jing , Chen Chen , Zhou Jing , Kong Degui , Wu Wenzhi
Published: October 2024

Here, we synthesized Rb2InCl5·H2O with x Te4+ doping by the coprecipitation method, which converts the original nonluminance for pure Rb2InCl5·H2O into orange luminescence ascribed to Te4+ incorporation with an emission peak at 648 nm and a full width at half maximum of 142 nm (420.3 meV) at room temperature. The photoluminescence (PL) lifetime of Te4+-doped Rb2InCl5·H2O exhibits a strong temperature dependence, with a maximum absolute sensitivity (SA) of 12 × 10−3 K−1 at 260 K and a relative sensitivity (SR) of 3.5%K−1 at 300 K, demonstrating its capability for non-contact remote temperature measurement. Additionally, we capture the dynamic changes of coordinated water with temperature in Rb2InCl5·H2O through temperature-dependent Raman spectroscopy, analyze the resulting structural phase transformation associated with coordinated water, and investigate the reversibility of this phase transformation.
Liquid crystalline geometrical phase Alvarez-Lohmann lenses
Authors: Tabiryan Nelson V. , Pshenychnyi Andrii , Ouskova Olena , Gerosa Katherine , Crenshaw Ecklin , Carter Michael J. , McConney Michael , Urbas Augustine , Bunning Timothy J. , Slagle Jonathan
Published: October 2024

Thin-film LC based geo-phase optics have previously been demonstrated to drastically reduce size, weight, and power requirements for large-aperture optical systems while providing non-mechanical functionality for discrete values – for example, digital switching of the beam steering angle. In this work, we present a series of geo-phase Alvarez-Lohmann lens systems capable of analog tuning of focal length through lateral translation or azimuthal rotation. For circularly polarized inputs, diffraction efficiencies greater than 90% were observed over the visible spectrum with some wavelengths exceeding 99% for lateral embodiments. Both cylindrical and spherical Alvarez-Lohman systems were fabricated with focal lengths varying from infinity to 110 mm with increasing lateral displacement. These LC-based geo-phase optical systems could enable a new generation of low-cost, high-performance, and ruggedized dynamic optical components.