bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A novel pyroptosis risk model composed of NLRP6 effectively predicts the prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma patients
Authors: Gao Xin , Wang Wen‐Xin , Zhang Xiao‐Lan
Published: June 2022

Background

Pyroptosis is a unique inflammatory‐related cell death process, and inflammation is considered to be a key factor in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the pyroptosis landscape in HCC has not been thoroughly studied.

Methods

Clinical data and RNA sequencing data of HCC patients were collected from The Cancer Genome Atlas database, and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) associated with pyroptosis were discovered. The relationship between DEGs and prognosis was studied. Using The Cancer Genome Atlas cohort, a least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression model was built on the basis of pyroptosis‐related DEGs, which was then verified by the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) cohort. Functional enrichment analysis and immunological states were also studied between distinct risk subgroups. Finally, the potential tumor suppressive function of NLRP6 in HCC was analyzed.

Results

In total, 26 pyroptosis‐related DEGs were identified. Consensus clustering results showed patients with high levels of pyroptosis were associated with higher tumor stage, grade, and poor prognosis. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator risk model was built using six genes linked with prognosis (GSDMC, GSDME, NOD2, NLRP6, CASP8, and SCAF11). Risk score was an independent risk factor that suggested shortened overall survival in both the training cohort (HR: 3.52, 95% CI: 1.351–9.193) and validation cohort (HR: 3.31, 95% CI: 1.435–7.617). Meanwhile, the low‐risk population had higher immunological activity. We also found a novel potential tumor suppressor gene NLRP6, which may negatively regulate the E2F and MYC pathways and be associated with higher immune cell infiltration levels, which lead to better prognosis.

Conclusions

This study revealed the pyroptosis landscape of HCC and provided a promising clinical prognosis evaluation model. Additionally, some new targets related to prognosis such as NLRP6 are proposed for further study.
Polymorphisms in lncRNA CCAT1 on the susceptibility of lung cancer in a Chinese northeast population: A case–control study
Authors: Ji Yangtao , Yang Yue , Yin Zhihua
Published: June 2022

Object

To explore the association of rs1948915, rs7013433 in long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) CCAT1 and rs6983267 in MYC enhancer region with the risk of lung cancer in a Chinese northeast population, a case–control study was conducted.

Methods

The hospital‐based case–control study contained 669 lung cancer patients and 697 healthy controls. Taqman® Probe allele resolution was used for genotyping. The differences between the case–control groups were analyzed using Student t‐test and chi‐square test. Logistic regression analysis was used to assess the relationship between the genotypes and the risk of lung cancer. Cross‐generation analysis was used to explore the relationship between gene–environment interaction and lung cancer.

Results

There was no association between the three selected single‐nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and the susceptibility of lung cancer. Rs1948915 CT was correlated with lung adenocarcinoma. In female stratification, rs1948915 CT/CC was associated with a decreased susceptibility of lung cancer significantly. Additionally, the additive and multiplicative interaction models showed that there was no interaction between the three selected SNPs and smoking status in lung cancer.

Conclusions

There may be an association between lung adenocarcinoma and rs1948915 polymorphism in the Chinese northeast population, while rs7013433 and rs6983267 might have no association. There was no interaction between the three selected SNPs and smoking status.
Toward a unified theory of technology continuance: Effects of conscious versus unconscious factors
Authors: Nguyen Dung Minh , Chiu Yen‐Ting Helena , Vu Huy Quang , Nguyen Trieu
Published: June 2022

The containment measures for the COVID‐19 pandemic, including social distancing, lockdown or quarantining, have led to a paradigm shift in people's life. In the wake of the pandemic, many people have begun adopting technology as a way to maintain their daily activities and limit face‐to‐face human interactions. While the pandemic has facilitated the widespread use of technology, little attention has been paid to how consumers' intention to continue using technology is affected by their rational evaluation and habitual response, simultaneously. To address this knowledge gap, this study employs the expectation‐confirmation model as a theoretical lens to propose the research model and explain the antecedents of technology continuance intention from both perspectives of conscious versus unconscious responses. The conscious response is reflected in perceived value and satisfaction, whereas the unconscious response is characterized as habit. The proposed research model and hypotheses are supported by the data collected from 308 online food delivery service users. Our results show that habit is driven by perceived value and satisfaction, and then mediates the effects of them on continuance intention. Moreover, habit exerts the strongest effect on continuance intention and weakens the importance of perceived value as well as satisfaction to continuance intention. This study is expected to set the theoretical foundation for more future research that focus on the exploration of the conscious versus unconscious nature of consumers' technology continuance. The study concludes with practical implications and suggestions for catering businesses and relevant stakeholders.
Procedural results and in‐hospital outcomes of percutaneous coronary intervention for chronic total occlusion in patients with reduced left ventricular ejection fraction: Sub‐analysis of the Japanese CTO‐PCI Expert Registry
Authors: Kobayashi Norihiro , Ito Yoshiaki , Kishi Koichi , Muramatsu Toshiya , Okada Hisayuki , Oikawa Yuji , Kawasaki Tomohiro , Yoshikawa Ryohei , Tanaka Hiroyuki , Katoh Osamu
Published: June 2022

Objectives

To evaluate the procedural results and in‐hospital outcomes of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for chronic total occlusion (CTO) in patients with reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF).

Background

While the technical success of general CTO‐PCI has improved, CTO‐PCI patients with reduced LVEF remain at high‐risk for adverse events.

Methods

The data of 820 patients with LVEF ≤ 35% (Group 1), 1816 patients with LVEF = 35%–50% (Group 2), and 5503 patients with LVEF ≥ 50% (Group 3), registered in the Japanese CTO‐PCI Expert Registry from January 2014 to December 2019, were retrospectively analyzed. The primary endpoint was in‐hospital major adverse cardiac or cerebrovascular events (MACCEs), including death, myocardial infarction, stent thrombosis, stroke, and emergent revascularization. Secondary endpoints included procedural details, guidewire success, and technical success.

Results

There were no differences in guidewire and technical success rates between the groups. In‐hospital MACCEs was significantly higher in Group 1 (Group 1 vs. Group 2 vs. Group 3: 3.4% vs. 1.7% vs. 1.5%, p = 0.001) and was especially driven by death (1.3% vs. 0.3% vs. 0.1%, p < 0.001) and stroke (0.7% vs. 0.2% vs. 0.2%, p = 0.007). Multivariate analysis showed that LVEF ≤ 35% (odds ratio [OR]; 1.58, 95% confidence interval [CI]; 1.04–2.41, p = 0.03) and New York Heart Association (NYHA) class ≥ 3 (OR; 2.01, 95% CI; 1.03−3.93, p = 0.04) were predictors of in‐hospital MACCEs.

Conclusions

In‐hospital MACCEs were significantly higher in patients with LVEF ≤ 35%. LVEF ≤;35% and NYHA class ≥ 3 were predictors of in‐hospital MACCEs after CTO‐PCI.
Optimal electric load forecasting for systems by an adaptive Crow Search Algorithm: A case study
Authors: Li Bo , Sun Hongbin , Teimourian Milad
Published: June 2022

In this paper, a new technique is suggested for best electric load forecasting of South Korea. The proposed study is based on an improved metaheuristic methodology. This paper proposes a new improved version of Support Vector Machine for Regression (SVR) base on the proposed algorithm. The algorithm is based on a modified version of Crow Search Algorithm (ACSA), where, by combining by the SVR, generates an efficient classifier. Although, different drawbacks of using original CSA are stated, the proposed ACSA method provides a proper modification for resolving of these shortcomings. The forecasting model has been then performed to a historical data from South Korea to indicate the algorithm efficiency and the results are compared with some other methods, including SVR‐CGA, SVR‐CAS, ANN, and simple Regression to show the suggested method performance. Final results show that MAPD, MSE, and RMSE values of the test data with lower values for South, North, Center, and East, provided better results based on the proposed SVR‐ACSA based on different values of center and kernel of the SVR. Experimental results on the case study shows that the minimum MAPD has been added which is happened in Northern regional is 1.1062, 1.1336, 1.1065, 1.02, 2.23, 1.96, and 1.49 for SVR‐ACSA, SVR‐CGA, SVR‐CAS, ANN, Regression, LSTM‐RNN, and ELM which indicates the method's higher efficiency.
Cognitive emotion regulation strategies in relation to treatment outcome in a clinical sample of adolescents with personality disorders
Authors: Boon Albert Eduard , Hauber Kirsten
Published: June 2022

The aim of this study was to examine cognitive emotion regulation strategies (CERS) of help‐seeking adolescents diagnosed with personality disorders. At pre‐treatment, patients (N = 116) were found to use some maladaptive but also some adaptive CERS more often than adolescents from the general population. Less than 4% of these pre‐treatment CERS predicted treatment outcome. In patients whose treatment outcome according to the Symptom Checklist‐90 (SCL‐90) showed significant improvement (N = 75), a reduction of maladaptive CERS and an increase of adaptive CERS occurred. Patients that were unchanged or deteriorated (N = 41) showed no significant changes in CERS. In conclusion, pre‐treatment CERS are not predictive for treatment outcome in this sample of adolescents diagnosed with personality disorders. Even though patients who use more adaptive and less maladaptive CERS have fewer symptoms, the relationship between these CERS and symptoms in this group of severe patients remains unclear.
Combined Conventional Synthetic Disease Modifying Therapy vs. Infliximab for Rheumatoid Arthritis: Emulating a Randomized Trial in Observational Data
Authors: Barbulescu Andrei , Askling Johan , Saevarsdottir Saedis , Kim Seoyoung C. , Frisell Thomas
Published: June 2022

Observational studies are often considered unreliable for evaluating relative treatment effectiveness, but it has been suggested that following target trial protocols could reduce bias. Using observational data from patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in the Swedish Rheumatology Quality Register (SRQ), between 2006 and 2020, we emulated the protocol of the Swedish Farmacotherapy trial (SWEFOT) and compared the results. SWEFOT was a pragmatic trial nested in SRQ, between 2002 and 2005, where methotrexate (MTX) insufficient responders were randomized to receive additional infliximab or sulfasalazine (SSZ) + hydroxychloroquine (HCQ). Patients with RA initiating infliximab (N = 313) or SSZ + HCQ (N = 196) after MTX were identified in SRQ and the Prescribed Drugs Register, mimicking the SWEFOT eligibility criteria. The primary outcome was the proportion of European Alliance of Associations for Rheumatology (EULAR) good responders at 9 months, classifying patients who discontinued treatment as “nonresponders.” Through sensitivity analyses, we assessed the impact of relaxing eligibility criteria. The observed proportions reaching EULAR good response were close to those reported in SWEFOT: 39% (vs. 39% in SWEFOT) for infliximab and 28% (vs. 25%) for SSZ + HCQ. The crude observed response ratio was 1.39 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.04–1.86), increasing to 1.48 (95% CI 0.98–2.24) after confounding adjustment, compared to 1.59 (95% CI 1.10–2.30) in SWEFOT. Results remained close to SWEFOT when relaxing eligibility criteria until allowing prior disease‐modifying anti‐rheumatic drug (DMARD) use which reduced the observed difference between treatments. By applying a prespecified trial emulation protocol to observational clinical registry data, we could replicate the results of SWEFOT, favoring infliximab over SSZ + HCQ combination therapy at 9 months.
2D Covalent Organic Frameworks Toward Efficient Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution
Authors: Li Yang , Song Xiaoyu , Zhang Guang , Wang Lei , Liu Yi , Chen Weihua , Chen Long
Published: June 2022

Efficiently producing clean energy is of great importance for sustainable development of the environment. Solar‐driven water splitting for H2 evolution has an important role among the renewable energy technologies. Developing high‐performance and cost‐effective photocatalysts is still a critical task before practical application. 2D Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) as photocatalysts have recently attracted widespread interest thanks to their tunable optical bandgaps, tailor‐made functionality, excellent crystallinity, high specific surface area, and good photo‐ and chemical stability. This Review focuses on the representative progress and remaining challenges in 2D COF‐based photocatalysts for hydrogen evolution.
CD44 receptor diversity and potential in preventative and regenerative therapies
Authors: Midgley Adam C. , Zhao Qiang
Published: June 2022

The cell‐surface receptor CD44 has collected a library of diverse functionalities represented across multiple facets of health and disease. Recent revelations by Kim et al. indicate the importance of CD44 and its interacting proteins in the governance over critical hepatocyte cell processes, which promote liver tissue regeneration. In this commentary, we discuss prospective solutions for targeting of CD44 via its variant isoforms to elicit therapeutic outcomes. We also provide examples of targeting and exploiting CD44 variant candidates, as well as their shared hyaluronan binding function, for the purpose of achieving preventative and regenerative therapies.
Small‐cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the cervix accompanied by adenocarcinoma and high‐grade squamous intraepithelial lesion
Authors: Okabe Asako , Ishida Mitsuaki , Noda Yuri , Okano Kimiaki , Sandoh Kaori , Fukuda Hisato , Kita Masato , Okada Hidetaka , Tsuta Koji
Published: June 2022

Few cytological reports have described small‐cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (SCNEC) in the female genital tract. In the present study, we describe a cytological case of SCNEC accompanied by adenocarcinoma, as well as high‐grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL). A Japanese woman (42 years old) presented with abnormal genital bleeding. A conventional Papanicolaou smear revealed an inflammatory condition with three neoplastic components: SCNEC as irregular aggregates of neoplastic small round cells with nuclear molding and granular chromatin; adenocarcinoma as columnar cell clusters with peripherally located large nuclei, and HSIL as sheets or clusters of dysplastic basal‐type squamous cells with irregular hyperchromatic nuclei. Accordingly, a cytodiagnosis of SCNEC with adenocarcinoma and HSIL was made. Owing to the rarity of cervical SCNEC, cytological diagnosis may be difficult. Due to its aggressive clinical behavior, the presence of an SCNEC component should be verified in any cytodiagnosis of adenocarcinoma or HSIL.
“Age is just a number”; frailty as a marker of peri‐operative risk in head and neck surgery: Systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Cleere Eoin F. , Davey Matthew G. , O'Neill James P.
Published: June 2022

Background

Frailty refers to a patient's reduced capacity to withstand stressors due to a reduction in physiologic reserves. We assessed the impact of frailty on outcomes following head and neck surgery.

Methods

We performed a systematic review in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines. Meta‐analysis was performed using the Mantel–Haenszel method.

Results

Fourteen studies incorporating 182 059 patients were included in qualitative synthesis with 15 953 (8.8%) of patients deemed as frail. Meta‐analysis incorporating nine studies demonstrated that frailty is associated with an increased 30 day postoperative morbidity (OR 2.74; 95% CI 1.98–3.80; p < 0.01) and meta‐analysis with six studies suggested increased 30‐day mortality (OR 2.94; 95% CI 2.62–3.31; p < 0.01). Preliminary meta‐analyses between two and five studies suggested that frail patients had reduced overall survival and were more likely to be discharged to a nonhome location or readmitted within 30 days.

Conclusions

Frailty appears to be associated with poor short‐term outcomes following head and neck surgery and may improve understanding of an individual patient's peri‐operative risk.
Association of low skeletal muscle mass and systemic inflammation with surgical complications and survival after microvascular flap reconstruction in patients with head and neck cancer
Authors: Chargi Najiba , Breik Omar , Forouzanfar Tymour , Martin Timothy , Praveen Prav , Idle Matthew , Parmar Satyesh , de Bree Remco
Published: June 2022

Background

Skeletal muscle mass (SMM) and chronic inflammation are associated with postoperative complications and survival.

Methods

Patients with head and neck cancer (HNC) undergoing microvascular free flap reconstruction were included. SMM and neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio (NLR) were measured and their association with treatment outcomes analyzed.

Results

Five hundred and fifty‐four patients were included. Predictors for complications were elevated NLR in all flaps (OR 1.5), low SMM in radial forearm flap (OR 2.0), and elevated NLR combined with low SMM in fibula flap surgery (OR 4.3). Patients with solely elevated NLR were at risk for flap‐related complications (OR 3.0), severe complications (OR 2.2), and when combined with low SMM for increased length of hospital stays (LOS) (+3.9 days). In early‐stage HNC, low SMM (HR 2.3), and combined elevated NLR with low SMM (HR 2.6) were prognostics for decreased overall survival.

Conclusions

SMM and NLR are predictive for poor outcomes in patients with HNC undergoing microvascular reconstruction.
Smoke deposition to water surfaces drives hydrochemical changes
Authors: Boyer Elizabeth W. , Moritz Max A. , Brown Michael G.
Published: June 2022

This study presents a unique data set from a laboratory experiment where we explored changes in the chemical composition of deionized water samples exposed to smoke. Inside a laboratory hood, water samples placed into a chamber were exposed to smoke for up to 60 min. The pattern of variations in hydrochemistry observed over time with increasing smoke exposure was similar in response to two different smoke treatments generated from burning tree litter. To estimate the smoke dosage and assess the consistency of replicate smoke treatments, we conducted additional experiments to evaluate changes in light transmission. Smoke inputs to the deionized water samples drove changes in hydrochemistry, with increases in acidity (with decreasing pH values), the content of organic matter (with increasing concentrations of dissolved organic carbon and dissolved organic nitrogen), and the content of inorganic N species (with increasing concentrations of ammonium, nitrate, and nitrite). The study was conducted on deionized water samples, and the results may not be directly transferrable to natural waters. Stream or lake waters that are low in ionic strength, poorly buffered, or low in acid‐neutralizing capacity might respond the most similar to the results of this study. In contrast, well‐buffered surface waters having higher acid‐neutralizing capacity would be more likely to neutralize acidic inputs from the smoke without significant effects on water quality. The publicly available dataset associated with this study will contribute to further consideration of the relative importance of short‐term changes in hydrochemistry driven by in‐stream inputs (e.g., changes in water chemistry from direct smoke deposition to the water surface) in contrast to terrestrial inputs (e.g., changes in water chemistry stemming from altered flow paths and source areas of the burned watershed landscape).
Advances in evapotranspiration prediction using gross primary productivity based on eco‐physiological constraints
Authors: Nguyen My Ngoc , Choi Minha
Published: June 2022

Accurate evapotranspiration (ET) estimation plays a central role in better understanding the allocation of water resources in a time of increasing scarcity; however, ET estimation remains many challenges. To enhance the accuracy of ET prediction, this study proposes an enhanced gross primary productivity (GPP)‐based Priestley–Taylor algorithm (GPP‐PT) that uses GPP to compute fractional vegetation cover (fV). In terms of soil moisture fraction (fSM), it is described by using either diurnal temperature (DT) or soil moisture index (SWI), conducting two variations of the proposed model (i.e., hereafter called GPP‐DT and GPP‐SWI, respectively). These two improved algorithms were compared with their previous models, the GPP‐DT with a modified satellite‐based Priestley–Taylor model (MS‐PT), and the GPP‐SWI with a soil water index (SWI)‐based Priestley–Taylor model (SWI‐PT). Datasets from 42 flux towers covering different land cover types were used to investigate the performance of these algorithms. The GPP‐DT algorithm was found to be superior to the MS‐PT model, with 12.60% and 10.42% reductions in the root mean square error (RMSE) and mean absolute error (MAE), respectively, and with 9.05% and 2.19% increases in the determination coefficient (R2) and index of agreement (IOA), respectively. Similarly, the GPP‐SWI model yielded RMSE and MAE reductions of 10.95% and 10.67%, respectively, andR2and IOA increases of 8.88% and 3.72%, respectively, compared to the SWI‐PT model. In the direct comparison between the two newly proposed models, the GPP‐DT model performed better in shrubland and forest, whereas the GPP‐SWI model performed more efficiently in grassland. Sensitivity analysis found that soil moisture was more sensitive to both evaporation and transpiration than DT in most land cover types, and the GPP had a stable relationship with transpiration in different biomes. The newly improved GPP‐PT models were robust and effective for estimating ET and might thus be used as a reliable input for hydrological models.
In silico prediction of chemical aquatic toxicity by multiple machine learning and deep learning approaches
Authors: Xu Minjie , Yang Hongbin , Liu Guixia , Tang Yun , Li Weihua
Published: June 2022

Fish is one of the model animals used to evaluate the adverse effects of a chemical exposed to the ecosystem. However, its low throughput and relevantly high expense make it impossible to test all new chemicals in manufacture. Hence, using in silico models to prioritize compounds to be tested has been widely applied in environmental risk assessment and drug discovery. In this study, we constructed the local predictive models for four fish species, including bluegill sunfish, rainbow trout, fathead minnow, and sheepshead minnow, and the global models with all four fish data. A total of 1874 unique compounds with their labels, that is, toxic (LC50 < 10 ppm) or nontoxic, were collected from ECOTOX and literature. Both conventional machine learning methods and the deep learning architecture, graph convolutional network (GCN), were used to build predictive models. The classification accuracy of the best local model for each fish species was higher than 0.83. For the global models, two strategies including consistency prediction and probability threshold were adopted to improve the predictive capability at the cost of limiting applicability domain. For 63% of compounds in domain, the accuracy was around 0.97. By comparison of the deep learning and machine learning methods, we found that the single‐task GCN showed specific advantages in performance, and multitask GCN showed no advantages over the conventional machine learning methods. The data and models are available on GitHub (https://github.com/ChemPredict/ChemicalAquaticToxicity).
An estimate of extracellular vesicle secretion rates of human blood cells
Authors: Auber Martin , Svenningsen Per
Published: June 2022

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have been implicated in the intercellular transfer of RNA and proteins through cellular secretion into the extracellular space. In blood plasma, circulating EVs are mainly derived from blood cells; however, factors that control plasma EV abundance are largely unknown. Here, we estimate the EV secretion rates for blood cell types using reported values for cell‐specific plasma EV abundances and their parental cell's ubiquity in healthy humans. While we found that plasma contains on average ∼2 plasma EVs/cell, the cell‐specific EV‐to‐cell ratio spanned four orders of magnitude from 0.13 ± 0.1 erythrocyte‐derived EVs/erythrocyte to (1.9 ± 1.3) × 103 monocyte‐derived EVs/monocyte. The steady‐state plasma EV level was maintained by an estimated plasma EV secretion rate of (1.5 ± 0.4) ×  1012 EVs/min. The cell‐specific secretion rate estimates were highest for monocytes (45 ± 21 EVs/cell/min) and lowest for erythrocytes ((3.2 ± 3.0) ×  10−3 EVs/cell/min). The estimated basal cell‐specific EV secretion rates were not significantly correlated to the cell's lifespan or size; however, we observed a highly significant correlation to cellular mitochondrial enzyme activities. Together, our analysis indicates that cell‐specific mitochondrial metabolism, for example, via reactive oxygen species, affects plasma EV abundance through increased secretion rates, and the results provide a resource for understanding EV function in human health and disease.
多部位の出血を繰り返した自己免疫性後天性凝固第XIII/13因子欠乏症の1例(A case of autoimmune acquired factor XIII/13 deficiency with recurring multiple site bleeding)
Authors: (Yuki Kaki) 柿 佑樹 , (Kazuyuki Miyamoto) 宮本 和幸 , (Motoyasu Nakamura) 中村 元保 , (Mariko Kurihara) 栗原 茉莉子 , (Jun Sasaki) 佐々木 純 , (Kenji Dohi) 土肥 謙二 , (Munetaka Hayashi) 林 宗貴
Published: June 2022

血液凝固第XIII/13因子（FXIII/13）はフィブリンの安定化に関与し，凝固に重要な役割を担っている。自己免疫性後天性凝固第XIII/13因子欠乏症は，FXIII/13に対する自己抗体が産生され，誘因なく突然の重篤な出血を来すことがある。症例は80歳代の女性で突然の上腹部痛で救急搬送された。腹部～骨盤造影CTで脾動脈分枝からの造影剤の血管外漏出があり，緊急動脈塞栓術（以下，TAE）を施行した。入院経過中に原因不明の皮下出血が多数出現したが，著明な貧血の進行，血液凝固機能検査で異常がなく，自己抗体も陰性であったため，一旦退院した。退院後に再度深部からの出血があり，緊急TAEを施行した。入院後の検査でFXIII/13活性の低下があり，クロスミキシング試験で自己免疫性後天性凝固第XIII/13因子欠乏症と診断し，血液内科で加療を行った。本疾患では出血部位や出血量によっては致死的となることがあり，迅速な診断と治療が不可欠である。高齢者は組織が脆弱で紫斑もできることも多い。通常の血液凝固機能検査では異常を認めないため診断されていない可能性がある。救急診療で多部位に出血を繰り返す症例では本疾患を念頭におき。FXIII/13活性測定を積極的に行うべきと考える。
Inflow Angle Impacts Morphology, Hemodynamics, and Inflammation of Side‐wall Intracranial Aneurysms
Authors: Fu Mingzhu , Peng Fei , Niu Hao , He Xiaoxin , Chen Shuo , Zhang Miaoqi , Xia Jiaxiang , Wang Yishi , Xu Boya , Liu Aihua , Li Rui
Published: June 2022

Background

Aneurysm inflow angle has been shown to be associated with hemodynamic changes by computational fluid dynamics. However, these studies were based on single aneurysm model and were limited to side‐wall aneurysms.

Purpose

To investigate the association between inflow angle and morphology, hemodynamic, and inflammation of intracranial side‐wall and bifurcation aneurysms.

Study type

Prospective.

Population

A total of 62 patients (aged 58.34 ± 12.39, 44 female) with 59 unruptured side‐wall aneurysms and 17 unruptured bifurcation aneurysms were included.

Field strength/sequence

A 3.0 T; 3D fast field echo sequence (TOF‐MRA); free‐breathing, 3D radio‐frequency‐spoiled, multi‐shot turbo field echo sequence (4D‐flow MRI); 3D black‐blood T1‐weighted volumetric turbo spin echo acquisition sequence (T1‐VISTA)

Assessment

Two neuroradiologists assessed the inflow angle and size for intracranial aneurysms in 3D space with TOF‐MRA images. The average and maximum inflow velocity (Vavg‐IA, Vmax‐IA), blood flow (Flowavg‐IA, Flowmax‐IA), and average wall shear stress (WSSavg‐IA) for aneurysms were assessed from 4D‐flow MRI in regions of interest drawn by two neuroradiologists. The aneurysmal wall enhancement (AWE) grades between precontrast and postcontrast T1‐VISTA images were evaluated by three neuroradiologists.

Statistical tests

Kruskal–Wallis H test, χ2 test, Pearson's correlation coefficient, scatter plots and regression lines, multivariate logistic regression analysis (partial correlation r) were performed. A P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results

The WSSavg‐IA (0.52 ± 0.34 vs. 0.27 ± 0.22) and AWE grades (1.38 ± 1.04 vs. 2.02 ± 0.68) between the two inflow angle subgroups of side‐wall aneurysms were significantly different. The aneurysm size (rs = 0.31), WSSavg‐IA (rs = −0.45), and AWE grades (rs = 0.45) were significantly correlated with inflow angle in side‐wall aneurysms. While in bifurcation aneurysms, there were no significant associations between inflow angle and size (P = 0.901), Vavg‐IA (P = 0.699), Vmax‐IA (P = 0.482), Flowavg‐IA (P = 0.550), Flowmax‐IA (P = 0.689), WSSavg‐IA (P = 0.573), and AWE grades (P = 0.872).

Data conclusion

A larger aneurysm size, a lower WSS and a higher AWE grade were correlated with a larger inflow angle in side‐wall aneurysms.

Evidence Level

3

Technical Efficacy

Stage 2
Impact of computed tomography metal artifact reduction protocol on periprosthetic tissue characterization after total hip arthroplasty: A cadaveric study
Authors: Dwyer Andrew , Korlaet Mishelle , Callary Stuart A. , Robertson Thomas , Smitham Peter , Solomon Lucian B.
Published: June 2022

Metal artifact reduction (MAR) has improved computed tomography (CT) imaging of total hip arthroplasty (THA) but the assessment of osteolysis and implant to bone contact relies on the accurate depiction of bone defects, cancellous bone, and cement. This study evaluates the impact of available single and dual‐energy protocols on periprosthetic tissue characterization in a cadaveric phantom. Bilateral THA was performed on a fresh frozen cadaveric pelvis with simulated osteolytic cavities. CT acquisitions with projection‐based MAR and noise equivalence were performed using single energy 140 kVp, single energy 150 kVp with 0.6 mm tin filtration, and dual‐energy at 100/150 kVp with 0.6 mm tin filtration, from which simulated energies were extracted. Image subtraction, segmentation, region of interest histograms, and line profiles were used to characterize tissue density and separation. Tissue densities were heavily dependent on the energy profile of the protocol. Cancellous bone ranged from 182 to 45 HU and cement from 1012 to 131 HU using 140 kVp compared to dual‐energy with weighted high energy tube, respectively. Spectral separation between cancellous bone, osteolytic defect, and cement was reduced for all protocols compared with 140 kVp. Spectral overlap was most severe using dual‐energy with heavily weighted high‐energy tubes. Dual‐energy algorithms reduced trabecular contrast within the cancellous bone and cortical edge response. Although the dual‐energy acquisition has been proposed as an additive to projection‐based MAR techniques in THA, reduced density and contrast in clinically relevant periprosthetic tissue compared to 140 kVp single energy may limit its use in characterizing periprosthetic tissues.
Diatom biosilica: Source, physical‐chemical characterization, modification, and application
Authors: Saoud Hussam A. AL , Sprynskyy Myroslav , Pashaei Reza , Kawalec Michał , Pomastowski Paweł , Buszewski Bogusław
Published: June 2022

Growing research interest in the use of diatomaceous biosilica results from its unique properties such as chemical inertness, biocompatibility, high mechanical and thermal stability, low thermal conductivity, and homogeneous porous structure with a large specific surface. Unlike the production of synthetic silica materials with a micro‐ or nanoscale structure in an expensive conventional manufacturing process, diatomaceous biosilica can be produced in huge quantities without significant expenditure of energy and materials. This fact makes it an unlimited, easily accessible, natural, inexpensive, and renewable material. Moreover, the production of biosilica is extremely environmental friendly, as there is essentially no toxic waste and the process does not require more energy compared to the production of synthetic silica‐based materials. For all these reasons, diatoms are an intriguing alternative to synthetic materials in developing cheap biomaterials used in a different branches of industry. In this review, the state‐of‐art of biosilica materials, their characteristics approaches, and possible ways of application have been reported.
Distillation optimization: Parameterized relationship between feed flow rate of a steady‐state distillation column and heat duties of reboiler and condenser
Authors: Sukin Ivan , Tsirlin Anatoly , Balunov Alexander , Starodumov Ilya
Published: June 2022

The paper considers the problem of maximum efficiency for the system of distillation columns. Columns in such systems are connected in parallel or sequential way. The mixture being separated is assumed to be close to ideal one. Authors parameterize the relationship between feed flow rate and heat duties of a steady‐state binary distillation column using two parameters: the reversible efficiency and the irreversibility coefficient. This relationship is later being used to solve the problems of optimal distribution of heat and feed flows within the system. The results obtained allow one to estimate minimum heat energy demand for distillation of the given feed flow, maximum performance, and efficiency of the system.
Three‐dimensional wave propagation in a solid pile during torsional low strain integrity test
Authors: Zhang Yunpeng , Wang Zongqin , El Naggar M. Hesham , Wu Wenbing , Wang Lixing , Jiang Guosheng
Published: June 2022

The torsional low strain integrity test (TLSIT) is now regarded as the most potent alternative to the longitudinal wave test for the existing pile evaluation. However, the lack of the 3D wave theory for the TLSITs greatly hinders the application of this method. This paper establishes a coupled 3D soil‐pile model based on the continuum theory. A corresponding analytical solution of the dynamic pile response is derived and subsequently verified through the comparisons against the 1D wave theory and the Finite Difference Method. The proposed model exhibits the transverse wave interferences and finds: (1) The transverse wave interference that occurred during the TLSITs can be seen gradually alleviated from the pile center to the pile edge. (2) The larger the pile dimensions are, the greater the transverse wave interference would be.
Environmentally friendly bio‐inspired folded sandwich panels—Fabrication and mechanical behavior
Authors: Zhang Chun , Liang Liang , Yan Leilei , Sun Xiaobo , Zheng Xitao
Published: June 2022

A manufacturing method of folded and straight corrugated plate structure printed by environmentally‐friendly polylactic acid filled with environmentally‐friendly paraffin wax is proposed. Experimental investigations are conducted to characterize the out‐of‐plane compressive behaviors, including stress–strain curve, deformation processing, failure mode, strength, and energy absorption. By filling paraffin wax, the out‐of‐plane compression failure mode of sandwich materials from buckling (corresponding to empty corrugated sandwich panels) to wrinkling or crushing, which greatly improves the strength. Due to paraffin wax and its interaction with composite origami core, the energy absorption capacity is significantly enhanced. The research shows that the half‐filled folded corrugated sandwich structure not only has excellent specific energy absorption advantages, the paraffin wax has excellent heat absorption and release performance, and the unfilled part is just used as a heat flow channel to facilitate the flow of heat. This work has created a new method for rapid preparation of lightweight sandwich materials with not only high specific strength and high specific energy absorption, but also thermal channels.
Second malignancy probabilities in patients with prostate cancer treated with whole pelvis radiation therapy versus prostate only radiation therapy
Authors: Cho Hae Lin , Murthy Vedang , Mouw Kent W. , D'Amico Anthony V. , Nguyen Paul L. , Leeman Jonathan E. , Dee Edward Christopher
Published: June 2022

Background

Whole pelvic radiation therapy (WPRT) may improve outcomes compared with prostate only radiation therapy (PORT) in some subsets of men with prostate cancer, as in the POP‐RT trial. However, there is concern about increased risk of adverse effects with WPRT, including the development of radiation‐induced second malignancies (SM). Given the rarity of SM, little is known about relative rates of SM between WPRT and PORT.

Methods

A retrospective cohort analysis was performed of men with nonmetastatic, node‐negative prostate cancer with at least 60 months of follow‐up using a national database. SM probabilities were compared in men receiving either WPRT or PORT using multivariable logistic models adjusting for clinical and sociodemographic factors. Temporal sensitivity analyses stratified by year of diagnosis and length of follow‐up were also conducted.

Results

Of 50,237 patients in the study, 39,338 (78.4%) received PORT, and 10,899 (21.7%) received WPRT. Median follow‐up was 106.2 months (interquartile range 82.32–132.25). Crude probabilities of SM were 9.16% for WPRT and 8.88% for PORT. The adjusted odds ratio (AOR) for development of SM with PORT versus WPRT was 1.046 (95% confidence interval 0.968–1.130). Temporal sensitivity analyses by stratifying by year of diagnosis and follow‐up length also did not demonstrate any significant difference in rates of SM between WPRT and PORT using AORs with WPRT as the referent.

Conclusions

Retrospective analysis of over 50,000 patients did not demonstrate an association between WPRT and an increased probability of SM compared to PORT. Given the findings of POP‐RT, the use of WPRT may become widespread for certain subsets of men. Thus, our findings could help guide how we counsel patients deciding between WPRT and PORT and suggest the need for prospective assessment of SM risk with WPRT and PORT.
Prolonged agranulocytosis with clozapine despite colony‐stimulating factor treatment
Authors: Lam Y. W. Francis
Published: June 2022

Clozapine is considered first‐line treatment for patients with treatment‐resistant schizophrenia, but the occurrence of neutropenia and agranulocytosis in 1% to 2% of treated patients has limited the drug's usefulness. The research literature suggests that the use of granulocyte colony‐stimulating factor (G‐CSF) immediately after the occurrence of neutropenia and agranulocytosis in clozapine‐treated patients successfully restores patients’ white blood cell count and absolute neutrophil count and shortens the duration of agranulocytosis. The following case describes persistence of agranulocytosis in a patient despite use of granulocyte colony‐stimulating factor.
Automatic flower detection and phenology monitoring using time‐lapse cameras and deep learning
Authors: Mann Hjalte M. R. , Iosifidis Alexandros , Jepsen Jane U. , Welker Jeffrey M. , Loonen Maarten J. J. E. , Høye Toke T.
Published: June 2022

The advancement of spring is a widespread biological response to climate change observed across taxa and biomes. However, the species level responses to warming are complex and the underlying mechanisms are difficult to disentangle. This is partly due to a lack of data, which are typically collected by direct observations, and thus very time‐consuming to obtain. Data deficiency is especially pronounced in the Arctic where the warming is particularly severe. We present a method for automated monitoring of flowering phenology of specific plant species at very high temporal resolution through full growing seasons and across geographical regions. The method consists of image‐based monitoring of field plots using near‐surface time‐lapse cameras and subsequent automated detection and counting of flowers in the images using a convolutional neural network. We demonstrate the feasibility of collecting flower phenology data using automatic time‐lapse cameras and show that the temporal resolution of the results surpasses what can be collected by traditional observation methods. We focus on two Arctic species, the mountain avens Dryas octopetala and Dryas integrifolia in 20 image series from four sites. Our flower detection model proved capable of detecting flowers of the two species with a remarkable precision of 0.918 (adjusted to 0.966) and a recall of 0.907. Thus, the method can automatically quantify the seasonal dynamics of flower abundance at fine scale and return reliable estimates of traditional phenological variables such as the timing of onset, peak, and end of flowering. We describe the system and compare manual and automatic extraction of flowering phenology data from the images. Our method can be directly applied on sites containing mountain avens using our trained model, or the model could be fine‐tuned to other species. We discuss the potential of automatic image‐based monitoring of flower phenology and how the method can be improved and expanded for future studies.
Size Optimization of Organic Nanoparticles with Aggregation‐Induced Emission Characteristics for Improved ROS Generation and Photodynamic Cancer Cell Ablation
Authors: Gan Shengming , Wu Wenbo , Feng Guangxue , Wang Zhiming , Liu Bin , Tang Ben Zhong
Published: June 2022

Aggregation‐induced emission (AIE) fluorogens provide new opportunities to promote efficient reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in aggregates, which represent the promising candidates to construct theranostic nanoparticles for photodynamic therapy (PDT), but the size effect has been rarely explored. Herein, a universal method to fabricate organic nanoparticles with controllable sizes is reported and it demonstrates that ≈45 nm is the optimal size of AIE nanoparticles for PDT. Different from conventional Ce6 nanoparticles which show largely reduced fluorescence and ROS generation with increasing nanoparticle size, AIE nanoparticles show gradually enhanced brightness and ROS generation upon increasing the sizes from 6 to ≈45 nm. Further increasing sizes could continue to intensify the nanoparticle's brightness at the expense of ROS production, with the optimal size for ROS generation being achieved at ≈45 nm. Both 2D monolayer cell and 3D multicellular spheroid experiments confirm that 45 nm AIE nanoparticles have the highest cellular uptake, the deepest penetration depth, and the best photodynamic killing effect. Such a study not only manifests the advantages of AIE photosensitizers, but also delivers the optimal size ranging for efficient PDT, which shall provide an attractive paradigm to guide the development of phototheranostic nanoparticles besides molecular design to further promote PDT applications.
Drilling down artificial intelligence in entrepreneurial management: A bibliometric perspective
Authors: Li Xueling , Long Yujie , Fan Meixi , Chen Yong
Published: June 2022

Artificial intelligence (AI) has been adopted in entrepreneurial practices and generates huge economic benefits. It creates a number of digital start‐ups and changes the way in which entrepreneurial research and practice interact. Existing studies on the cross‐field of AI and entrepreneurial management are scattered. Accordingly, this paper conducts a comprehensive and systematic review of existing studies on AI in entrepreneurial management by applying VOSviewer, a knowledge graph tool, based on the data obtained from the Web of Science. The study standardizes and analyses prominent research topics, interprets research hotspots and points out directions for further research.
Product online review analysis using fuzzy ontology
Authors: Mei‐fang Yao , Shuai‐qi Jin , Jing Ge
Published: June 2022

This paper analyses the online text comments in the online trading platform and identifies the abnormal and contradictory comments. Firstly, the abnormal contradiction detection and analysis model of online text reviews is constructed based on fuzzy ontology to identify the abnormal and contradictory online text reviews. Secondly, the fuzzy emotional ontology and emotional tendency analysis method identify abnormal and contradictory online text reviews. The online text review anomaly detection and analysis model constructed enriches the process and method of online review anomaly identification.
Effect of Recovery Annealing Prior to Recrystallization Annealing on the Texture Evolution of a 3.3% Silicon Steel
Authors: Wei Yanxin , Guo Yanhui , Fu Bin , Pang Linghuan , Wang Zemin , Fang Zhiyong
Published: June 2022

Non‐oriented silicon steels containing 0.006 wt% C and 3.3 wt% Si are cold‐rolled, recovery, and recrystallization annealed. The microstructure and texture evolution are analyzed using optical microscopy, X‐ray diffraction, and electron backscatter diffraction. In the samples with recovery annealing, strong {021}<100>, {332}, and some Goss orientations and λ‐fiber (<001>//normal direction [ND]) are observed, which differs from the texture of non‐oriented silicon steel processed by the cold‐rolling and the subsequent recrystallization annealing. It is shown that the recovery annealing has an obvious effect on the texture evolution during the subsequent recrystallization annealing. The nucleation and growth of the grains with {021}<100>, {332}, and λ orientations are promoted, while the typical γ‐fiber (<111>//ND) is dramatically weakened. The results of this study may offer some new ideas for the treatment process for non‐oriented silicon steel.
Peripheral blood eosinophilia in dogs: Prevalence and associated diseases
Authors: Guija‐de‐Arespacochaga Abigail , Kremer Loïc , Künzel Frank , Schwendenwein Ilse
Published: June 2022

Background

Canine eosinophilia has not been evaluated over the last two decades. As in human local differences, changes in the prevalence and associated diseases over time can be expected.

Objective

This study aims to determine the prevalence and causes of marked blood eosinophilia in dogs.

Methods

Retrospective study. A total of 317 clinical histories of dogs with an eosinophil concentration > 1.5 × 109/L (marked eosinophilia) between 2013 and 2017 were evaluated. Patients were allocated to 10 groups according to their major clinical findings.

Results

Eosinophilia was present in 1,592 of 10,829 dogs (14.7%); it was mild (0.8–1.49 × 109/L) in 78.4%, moderate (1.5 – 4.9 × 109/L) in 20.5% and severe (> 5 × 109/L) in 1.1% of cases. Rottweilers were overrepresented (16.1%). Of 317 cases with marked eosinophilia, 19.6% had neoplasia, 19.1% gastrointestinal disorders, 13.6% health check, 10.4% endoparasites, 6% respiratory, 5.4% neurologic, 5.4% dermatologic, 4.8% urogenital, 3.2% endocrine disorders and 12.6% miscellaneous. Lymphomas (29%) and mast cell tumours (12.9%) were the most frequent tumours in the neoplasia group. A total of 72.6% of tumour‐bearing dogs were older than 8 years, while 63.6% of dogs had endoparasites, and 86% of apparently healthy dogs were younger than 5 years. Eosinophilia was significantly higher in patients with respiratory disorders (p < 0.0146). Leukocytosis was found in 50.2% of cases.

Conclusion

Malignancy was the most common cause of marked blood eosinophilia in older dogs and endoparasitism in younger dogs. Eosinophilia was common in apparently healthy young dogs and may be related to undiagnosed parasitic infestations.