bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Block-Based K-Medoids Partitioning Method with Standardized Data to Improve Clustering Accuracy
Authors: Kariyam  , Abdurakhman  , Subanar  , Utami Herni , Effendie Adhitya Ronnie
Published: January 2023

Most of the existing k-medoid algorithms select the initial medoid randomly or use a specific formula based on the proximity matrix. This study proposes a block-based k-medoids partitioning method for clustering objects. To get the initial medoids, we search for an object representative from the block of the standard deviation and the sum of the variable values. We optimized the initial groups to update medoids, so this step can reduce the number of iterations to obtain partitioned data. The block-based k-medoids partitioning method applies to all types of data. To improve clustering accuracy, we operate pre-processing through data standardization. We conducted a series of experiments on eight real data sets and three artificial data to evaluate the proposed method's performance in terms of clustering accuracy. The experiment results show that the Block-based K-Medoids partitioning is more efficient in reducing the number of iterations. The clustering accuracy of the Block-KM for eight real datasets is also comparable to other methods. The data standardization is effective to increase clustering accuracy, especially for block k-medoids, k-means, simple and fast k-medoids, and the Ward method.
Boko Haram Insurgency and its implications on Nigeria’s National Security
Authors: Okwara Emmanuel Chukwuma
Published: January 2023

Boko Haram has been a security challenge to Nigeria since at least 2009, and recently it has posed considerable challenges to the African Sub-Region because of its international linkage with the al-Qaeda terrorists’ network. The aim of this study is to examine the implications of the Boko Haram Insurgency on Nigeria’s National Security. We use secondary sources of data drawn from textbooks, and journals, internet sources among others while content analysis was used to analyze the data. This study is situated within the framework of both the internal and external perspectives on the origin of the Boko haram insurgency to be able to get a better understanding of the security challenges posed he Boko Haram on Nigeria’s national security.  Moreover, we discovered that the implications of Boko Haram on Nigeria’s national security are enormous such that it activities have generated national and international condemnation such as targets such as the United Nations building in Abuja in August 2011. In November 2011, the U.S. Department of State issued an alert for all U.S. and Western citizens in Abuja to avoid major hotels and landmarks, based on information about a potential Boko Haram attack. Besides, from received training in bomb-making and other terrorist tactics from al-Qaeda-affiliated groups and their mode of operations ranges bombing, kidnapping, maiming etc. However, we discovered that poverty, bad governance, deepen crisis, and are among the causes of the Boko Haran insurgency. Lastly, political will, international collaboration, strategic training, are among key recommendations in this study.
A Review of the Challenges of Nigeria-China Economic Relations in Contemporary times
Authors: Okwara Emmanuel Chukwuma
Published: January 2023

Nigeria finally established diplomatic ties with China in February, 1971, sine then both countries have opened embassies in each other’s capital. In this study, secondary sources of data was used which are drawn from books, newspapers, journals and other related materials on the topic under study. Data collected are descriptively analyzed to underscore the challenges of  the economic and trade relations between China and Nigeria. One of the major challenges is the present state of infrastructural facilities especially in the areas of power, rail network systems and communication in Nigeria which is very poor and if urgent steps are not taken to address these, it may get worse. Moreover, Nigeria rises up to these challenges, foreign investment inflow will continue to elude the country. Another challenge is the wide trade imbalance that continues to be in favour of China. On the whole, the Federal Ministry of Trade and Investment and sister agencies can learn from the trend of reform in China and create policies in such a manner that the economy of Nigeria becomes the focus of development. For instance, during the Chinese years of reform, foreign direct investment inflows to China were subjected to various rules and regulations including extensive plans on technological capacity building of Chinese, stringent local content requirements.
Nigeria finally established diplomatic ties with China in February, 1971, sine then both countries have opened embassies in each other’s capital. In this study, secondary sources of data was used which are drawn from books, newspapers, journals and other
Authors: Okwara Emmanuel Chukwuma
Published: January 2023

Nigeria finally established diplomatic ties with China in February, 1971, sine then both countries have opened embassies in each other’s capital. In this study, secondary sources of data was used which are drawn from books, newspapers, journals and other related materials on the topic under study. Data collected are descriptively analyzed to underscore the challenges of  the economic and trade relations between China and Nigeria. One of the major challenges is the present state of infrastructural facilities especially in the areas of power, rail network systems and communication in Nigeria which is very poor and if urgent steps are not taken to address these, it may get worse. Moreover, Nigeria rises up to these challenges, foreign investment inflow will continue to elude the country. Another challenge is the wide trade imbalance that continues to be in favour of China. On the whole, the Federal Ministry of Trade and Investment and sister agencies can learn from the trend of reform in China and create policies in such a manner that the economy of Nigeria becomes the focus of development. For instance, during the Chinese years of reform, foreign direct investment inflows to China were subjected to various rules and regulations including extensive plans on technological capacity building of Chinese, stringent local content requirements.
Criminal liability for the sale of narcotic drugs or psychotropic substances using electronic or information and telecommunication networks
Authors: Larina Lyubov Yu.
Published: January 2023

Subject of research: the norms of the Russian criminal law regulating responsibility for the sale of narcotic drugs, psychotropic substances and their analogues using mass media or electronic or information and telecommunication networks (including the Internet), as well as the practice of their application and scientific works in this field.
Purpose of research: to develop scientifically sound proposals for improving the legislative regulation of the qualifying attribute provided for in paragraph b of Part 2 of Article 228.1 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation, and the practice of its application.
Methods and objects of research: the methodological basis of the research is formed by the universal dialectical method of cognition, the formal legal method, as well as methods of analysis, synthesis and modeling. The object of the study is the social relations that develop regarding the criminal law regulation and application of the norms on liability for the sale of narcotic drugs, psychotropic substances and their analogues using mass media or electronic or information and telecommunication networks (including the Internet).
Main results of research: author comes to the conclusion that it is impossible to commit actions that constitute the sale of narcotic drugs, psychotropic substances or their analogues exclusively using information and telecommunication networks. The key factors influencing the increase in the public danger of the sale of narcotic drugs, psychotropic substances and their analogues are identified, to which the author refers: the use of information and telecommunication networks for the transmission of information (communication) during marketing, as well as the preservation of the confidentiality of communication (anonymity or the use of pseudonyms). The author proposes to abandon the use of the term electronic networks and to change the wording of the qualifying feature under consideration.
Public danger and criminalization in the system of security measures
Authors: Khilyuta Vadim  V.
Published: January 2023

Subject of research: the article deals with the issue of the essence of public danger and its significance in the process of criminalization of public relations. The vectors of criminalization development are outlined.
Purpose of research: to determine the criteria for criminalization of public relations in the system of measures of criminal legal influence in the structure of criminal law and the prospects for their further improvement.
Methods and objects of research: the study used traditional methods of socio-legal and formal dogmatic analysis: documentary, historical and legal, analytical, systematic, logical.
Main results of research: according to the results of the study, the author states that the criminal law of the classical type is being replaced by the criminal law of the utilitarian type, where the concept of crime is associated with causing harm, and public danger plays an auxiliary function. In the system of security measures, the public danger of an act does not form a criminal law prohibition. Criminalization is based on the element of expediency. The transformation of the subject and method of criminal law leads to the fact that the idea of security, which currently dominates the criminalization of public relations, determines the construction of preventive criminal law.
The effects of technical knowledge related to garment production process on fashion designersâ€™ designs
Authors: Gursoy Fatma , Kilinc Nurgul
Published: January 2023

Today, in the fashion sector, which can be regarded as the driving force behind Turkish exports, the need for designs and designers is increasing day by day in parallel with the developments in domestic and foreign markets. The process of production in the fashion sector can be divided into four groups, namely design, planning, production and marketing. The fundamental properties of the product are determined in the design department, which constitutes the basis of the production process. In this study, the purpose was to investigate how effects having or not having technical knowledge related to the garment production process on fashion designersâ€™ designs. This study, in which qualitative research methods were used, was conducted using the case study design. For the sample group, criterion sampling, one of the purposeful sampling methods, was used and four designer were selected as the sample group. Research data were collected through interview, observation and document review. The data that were collected were evaluated through description and comparative analysis and then made into a report. After evaluation of research findings it has been reached that designers with technical knowledge on garment production process scored higher points on their illustrations. In terms of sub dimensions, in evaluations related to creativity dimensions, designers with technical knowledge, even with a slight difference,Â  scored higher. When design is studied in terms of commercial value which is the other sub dimension, again, points of designers with technical knowledge fount higher.Keywords: Fashion Designer, Illustration, Creativity, Technical Knowledge
Using traditional illustration techniques in poster design
Authors: Özcan Berna Özlem , Özer Ayhan
Published: January 2023

Literally posters is defined as a sign attached to the wall, printed or hand-written carried during the demonstration in order to expose the public notice. Posters to convey a message of equal weight or anxiety and are prepared graphic design and art products in order to promote a product. The purpose of this study is to determine the advantages of using illustration an painting techniques in designing traditional poster. The problems that lead the study to this aim are technological developments and that contemporary art poster designs formed with absolute photographic aesthetic are becoming monotonous. The findings of this study were tried to be obtained by two-dimensional approach. The first is literature scanning. In the second, works of artist in the determined sample were analyzed in terms of both illustrations and using of pictorial techniques. In this context, examples of the works of artists such as Henri Toulouse Lautrec, Jules Cheret, Alphonso Mucha, Alexandre SteÄ±nlen, Ä°hap Hulusi, Pagowski Andrzej, and Leszek Zebrowski examined.Keywords: poster, picture, Ä±llustriation.
A Cross-cultural study of emotional Responses on Colours
Authors: Hanafy Ihab Mahmoud , Sanad Reham Abdelbaset
Published: January 2023

This article investigates humanâ€™s emotional responses on coloursin Eastern Arabian Gulf culturebased on a questionnaire. Totally 10 colour options were evaluated (i.e. violet, orange, green, red, blue, yellow, black, gray, white and no color) by 80 subjects based on 12 basic descriptive variables including clean, fresh, liked, new, heavy, hard, warm, modern, active, tense, relaxing, concentration.White colour was associated with emotion: clean, new, relaxing and concentration. Yellow is associated with freshness; however, red is the most liked color. Black was linked with heavy, hard and tense emotions. Tense mood is associated with red. Insignificant differences between colourswith regard to warm mood were found. The link between colour preferences found for two topics living room and clothing and emotions elicited were discussed.Keywords: colour, preference, emotion, mood, marketing, personality, design.
Scientific face of the artwork: Investigation of the pigments and plasters of the wall paints of some ottoman mosques by FTIR and EDXRF techniques
Authors: Akyuz Sevim , Akyuz Tanil , Gulec Ahmet
Published: January 2023

The characterization of the pigments and plasters of the wall paints of some Ottoman Mosques have been performed using combined Energy Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence (EDXRF) and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectrometry (both in reflection and transmission modes) techniques. The colored wall paints were obtained from Fatih Mosques of Istanbul-Turkey and Pristina-Kosovo, and Suleymaniye Mosque of Istanbul-Turkey, during the restoration periods of the mosques. The investigations show that the plaster used on the walls has mixed gypsum-lime binders. The pigments identified in wall paints are: cinnabar (HgS), lead red (Pb3O4) and hematite (Î±-Fe2O3) in red colors, ultramarine blue (Na8-10Al6Si6O24S2-4) as blue and green earth as green colors. The results provide a basis for future restoration of the wall paints.Keywords: Pigments, Plasters, FTIR spectroscopy, EDXRF
Learning from Turkish modern furniture design
Authors: Hasırcı Deniz , Tuna Ultav Zeynep , Atmaca Hande , Borvalı Seren
Published: January 2023

Furniture, as a design element is an important part of design theory as well as design history. It has acted both as a part of the architectural context and individually in history. It reflects the context of the time, lifestyles, choice and behavior. The manifestation of modernism at the beginning of the 20thÂ century can be indicated as a milestone regarding the whole history of furniture. However, when the history of furniture in Turkey during this time is analyzed, it is observed that one can only come across limited literature. Departing from this lack of historic writing and rewriting, a scientific research project, â€œDATUMM: Documenting and Archiving Turkish Modern Furnitureâ€,Â was initiated based on exhibiting, documenting and archiving the history of modern furniture design in Turkey.Â The aim of this project is to highlight the modern furniture designed and produced in Turkey in the modern periods that can be defined as 1930â€™s â€œCubismâ€ or â€œFunctional Architecture Periodâ€, and the period of â€œInternational Styleâ€ in 1950s, 1960s and the 1970s.Â The sense of a comprehensive experience was needed to tell this story, and that is why it is composed of a variety of methods and related outcomes. With the array of outcomes planned to take its place in memory, the aim is to enable a remembered and developing process filled with significant moments to not only put together a collection, but to provide an inclusive impression. The methods and products -online archive, documentary film, catalog, colloquium, and exhibition work together to fulfill this aim. The first stage of the project has now been completed and has brought designers as well as furniture designs of the time together. The paper includes the assessment of the process, as well as the strategies for the future to enable the continuation of the success of the project.Keywords: Turkish modern furniture design, design heritage, design history, archiving, documentation, exhibition
Surrealist inheritance in drawing
Authors: Emrali Refa
Published: January 2023

Sequential movements in history of art have led to revolutions during the times they originated. Thereafter, they maintained their existence in work of art with their indications. These heritages artists have acquired take them away from their pasts, bring them to present, and at this very point where past and present intersect, enable them to view future. Drawing is the origin of creative practice in all plastic arts, from painting to architecture. Artistic contemplation begins with nature we are part of and a familiar object close by. Examining entity and life-drawing teaches us how to observe. Identifying and contrasting objects are only complete with mathematical discipline, coordination of eyes and hands, and finally with a self-styled line of plastics. In the present paper, drawing is explained in relation to the influence of surrealism. To this end, quotations of portray able examples of our memoriesâ€™ and dreamsâ€™ nonvisible worlds, rather than drawings of entities confined in their external appearances, are given. Line, emerging from imitating the visible, has responded to the messages of the unconscious. This paper examines the drawings of three surrealist artists, namely, Alberto Giacometti, Paul Klee, and RÃ©ne Magritte. According to surrealists, the unconscious does not aim solely for the creativity of meaningless facts, yet, it establishes a relationship between facts and objects in human contemplation. In this context, surrealist creation is a rich synthesis for drawing. Today, surrealist aspects can be seen in many drawings. Surrealism will continue to update itself and influence artistsâ€™ imagination post its time.Keywords: Drawing, surrealism, dream, nature
Ethic conscience in product design
Authors: Erdönmez S. Serpil , Guneş Serkan
Published: January 2023

Design is a phenomenon that supplies continuity; starting from the existence of mankind up to the present has been passing and constant change is ongoing. People, starting out with a sense of needed products have begun to design. Designing stage throughout time, starting with the abstract and the concrete from the area as we get product designs in line with the changing human needs is composed of. People are starting to occur in accordance with the needs and requests of ethical theories in product design that is a subject of discussion within in this area. In this subject, product design shaped by ethical and in the framework of product design concepts are explored through the designer's social responsibility.Keywords: design, product design, ethic, social responsibility.Â
Paradigm shift in industrial product design: Generative design
Authors: Türkmenoğlu Saliha
Published: January 2023

Generative Design is an up to date topic in recent decades in areas such as industrial product design, architecture, and interaction design. It can be defined as finding the basic codes of â€œcreatingâ€ and presenting a flexible implementing plan for design with certain algorithms. Examining the roots and reasons of Generative Design is the subject of this article. Nigel Crossâ€™s article â€œThe Coming of Post-Industrial Design" which investigates the paradigm shift at industrial product design after â€œModern Movementâ€ and puts forward suggestions for future, has taken as basis. In collaboration with Cross and his contemporaries comments, revealing factors of generative design will be analyzed.Keywords: post-industrialism, paradigm shift, generative design, industrial product design.
Examination of the tale of Kerem & As in terms of clothes
Authors: Kahya Saliha Ozelmas
Published: January 2023

Folktale is the name given to the products of folk literature created on the basis of the deep effect of any event or literal product left a trace in the society in oral culture. It is a long winded type of narration about real or real-like events. They are stories with traditional content which are narrated orally from one generation to the next. They generally deal with love and heroism. Kerem & AslÄ± is one of the most famous folk tales.Kerem & AslÄ± tale is one of the folk tales which was revealed by late 16th century, known and liked in other nations than Turkey and Oguz Turkish tribes (Armenian, Georgian, Lezg, etc.) addressing broad masses. Similar tales including Kerem & AslÄ± tale popular among broad masses are significant sources particularly in terms of revealing cultural values since they represented the past and future of the society.The purpose of this research is to find terms of garment, accessories, fabrics referred in the Kerem & AslÄ± tale, reveal meanings thereof and provide information about how they were used in the tale. Written sources were reviewed in order to collect research data. The characteristics of clothing of the characters in the Kerem & AslÄ± tale were revealed and a general assessment was made in the research and what the terms of garment, accessories, fabrics meant was explained. It was determined that the following terms were referred in  the Kerem & AslÄ± tale; don (underpants), hÄ±rka (cardigan), pestamal, libas (clothes), esvap (clothes), saya (clothes), fistan (clothes), kaftan (caftan), gomlek (shirt), arakcÄ±n, cevre, serpus, nikab, kalpak, oya (lace), aba, atlas, sal (shawl), yaglÄ±k (handkerchief), elvan, kusak (belt), tulbent (gauze).

Keywords: folktale, traditional dressing, history of dressing, Kerem & AslÄ± tale
Game as a mediator in a first year architectural design education
Authors: Birer Emel
Published: January 2023

First year architectural design education can be started with various methods which, through testing within different studio studies, can also give ideas as to how to start architectural education. This study will address the contributions, and results of starting first-year architecture education with game as a mediator.Â  When they start their architectural education, students will have their own unique experiences of form, and space gained since their childhood in their built environment. Therefore, in order to refine the studentsâ€™ perceptions on their built environments at the beginning of the education process, itâ€™s necessary to provide them with opportunities that will give them confidence in what they can do about form and space. The aim of this paper is to emphasize the importance of the first year in architectural design education, and to discuss the beginning methods, considerate student, tutor and educational factors together. Thus, the game selected to start the architectural education with the purpose of activating the gaming instinct of the student is the â€œCity Gameâ€. The findings of this study provide guidelines for tutors to set up a favorable learning environment from the city and that cooperative learning can be enjoyable by the game for the students.Keywords: design education, game, mediator, first year architectural educationÂ
Book as an object: conceptual illustrations in Edgar Allan Poeâ€™s books and a sample study
Authors: Eken Begüm
Published: January 2023

Today, when the future of the book is discussed, the main question is whether it has one. Information age transformed ongoing traditional features of a book. It has been foreseen by the critics that printed books, libraries and book stores are doomed to lose their values on the ground of developing technologies. As James Oâ€™Donnel cited from Pulitzer winner author E. Annie Proulx in his paper, â€œNobodyÂ is going to sit down andÂ readÂ a novel on a twitchyÂ little screen.Â Ever." (Nunberg, 1996). Although printed books are less popular in this digital age, there are still readers and book lovers who always get fascinated by the feeling of flipping pages of a book. According to a research done with readers, they would prefer to have a reading experience with a printed book rather than a screen especially if it is a classic literature book.Â Two of the main components ofÂ verbal and visual dimensions of imagination areÂ illustration and literature. Aim of this paper is to try and find a way to maintain the tradition of a printed book and to explore the relation between these principals in one medium through narrative illustrations of Edgar Allan Poe literature. Also the purpose of this paper is finding the similarities of the two disciplines, as both reveal ideas in unexpected and innovative ways in oneâ€™s mind. A selection of his short stories and poems will be illustrated and designed to engage the two areas, literature and illustration to reach readers in a more different way than usual in order to communicate with them more effectively.Keywords: Edgar Allan Poe, book as an object, illustrations, conceptual narrations, book design
Memory- space relation in an adaptive reuse building: Analysis of Cengel Han- Rahmi Koc Museum
Authors: Cihangiroglu Melike Selcan
Published: January 2023

A space is perceived by experiences and usage. The purpose of the study is conveying the memory effects in an adaptive reuse building in order to discuss interior space and memory. Protecting the essence of the used materials or structural features and being respectful to the past experiences in the place will increase emotional experiences of the user and will preserve the building in the matter of significance. In order to explain this approach with a case Cengel Han is studied with both individual and regional effects of the building in the memory were interpreted.Keywords: Memory of spaces, sense of place, essence of the space, memory space relation.
The impact of physical exercises over the intimate life of the young generation (The Rorschach ink blot test)
Authors: Lupu Elena
Published: January 2023

Physical exercise has numerous benefits: Formative, informative, educative, but above all it ensures a stable personality, a methodic behaviour which leads to a healthy life system with positive emotional reactions, giving us the possibility of control and natural intimate desires. A certain description shows us the prototype of a complete person, capable to face social demands and to enter the modern society of our days, which is extremely demanding and with high standards. In order to prove the importance of physical exercise in the life of youngsters, we used as a method of research the â€œIntimate life according to the Rorschach ink blot testâ€, which shall help us detect the aspects of intimate life and studentsâ€™ personalities from this point of view. For our research, we started from the hypothesis according to which people who greet physical exercises using it as a leisure time activity and means of socialization, have a positive intimate life and a positive personality,as compared to people with a mainly sedentary life, and who have a low level of development for their ability of adaptation,both on the professional and on the personal plan. Our research has been undertaken on a group of 123 students (41 boys;82 girls) coming from the same institution, therefore theoretically having similar preoccupations and social status.Bibliographic study method; observation method; enquiry method (conversation, questionnaire entitled â€œIntimate life according to the Rorschach ink blot testâ€, etc.); pedagogical experiment method; statistical-mathematic method; graphical method were employed as methodology. As a consequence of the research undertaken, we observed that there are significant differences regarding students who have a way of life combined with physical exercises during the week, over a school year, as compared to those who do not perform similar activities, from various reasons. In all these modifications, it is considered that a special important role is held by physical exercised performed under different aspects, reason for which we believe that it should not miss from the weekly schedule of students. Therefore, we recommend introducing it again in the university syllabus, for each week, as a university module of 90 minutes.

Keywords: Physical exercises, students, rorschach test, intimate life.
Forecast of the milk production demand and supply in Latvia
Authors: Paura Liga , Arhipova Irina
Published: January 2023

The purpose of this investigation is to analyze the milk production supply amounts relation to its price and milk products consumer prices index in 2002-2015 time periods in Latvia. Latvia farmers have seasonal milk production with peak every summer and through every winter, to produce milk at as low a cost as possible. Between 2002 and 2015 milk production supply is increased twice or from 384871.4 to 807572.1 ton. In 2002 the average milk production supply price in Latvia was 135.7 EUR per ton and between 2002 and 2008 milk price was increased till 338.9 EUR per ton. Milk prices in 2015 were, on average, around 25-29% lower than in 2014 and was in average 135.7 EUR per ton. Therefore, after the abolition of milk quotas in the European Union, the cow milk production in Latvia has increased continuously and increased by 3176 tonnes (0.4%) in 2015 compared to 2014. According to the analysis of covariance milk supply amount is influenced by milk products consumer price index (CPI) and year, and milk products CPI depends on milk production supply price and year. There is significant interaction effect between factors; the effect of milk products CPI on milk supply and production supply price on milk products CPI is different for different years.Keywords: milk suplly and demand; milk products consumer price index; time series models
Unintended Consequences of Interventions in Electricity Production and Consumption
Authors: Sedliacik Ivan , Dadob Jaroslav
Published: January 2023

Government interventions are contradictory theme in economic science. Subsidies and price control in electricity production and consumption are justified to â€œtreatâ€ negative externalities such as climate changes, security of supplies, innovation or unemployment issues. Many authors contradict such a treatment and prove to be ineffective. Our main focus in this article is to analyze interventions and their consequences in electricity market in Slovakia. We refer to claim of Mises, that intervention produces unintended consequences, leads to escalating price fixing and at the end it eliminates the market altogether. We examined intention, goals and tools of Slovak regulatory agency and proved those are unduly determined and will not lead to desired ends. We have proved that real outcomes of this policy had led to unintended consequences such as excess of production facilities, declining prices of electricity, decreased profitability of all producers and exit from market of marginal production sources that are not subsidized. We applied mainly Austrian economic school methods, based on methodological individualism, dualism, apriorism and deductive logic, supplemented by descriptive statistics, comparative and classification analysis. Â  Â Keywords: competition; interventions; price control; submarginal production; Subsidies
Creative leadership and motivation of university employees
Authors: Blaskova Martina , Trskova Kristina
Published: January 2023

Â High quality work of scientific, pedagogical and administrative staff of universities is conditioned by their high motivation and conviction about the meaningfulness of their contribution to the science, students, and society. A deeper examination of academic motivation, made through analysis, synthesis, comparison and generalization of theoretical knowledge on leadership and motivation, indicates that motivation is influenced by many objective and subjective, quantitative and qualitative factors. Quality of managersâ€™ influence, respectively creative content of leadership and general managerial facilitation that managers utilize in affecting work behavior and performance of employees can be include to the strongest factors which affect the motivation. Paper is intended to investigate the motivation of universities members and its conditionalities. Methodological part of the paper contains the results of sociological questioning conducted on a sample of 122 employees of University of Zilina and focuses on examining dependence of the leadership style performed from the part of managers and the strength of motivation perceived by the university members. Specifically, three basic leadership styles are examined: authoritative, neutral and participative, versus three basic dimensions of the motivation: motivation to quality work; motivation to increase own knowledge and skills; and motivation to submitting new proposals. Applying chi-square test, the dependence of leadership style and level of motivation was confirmed in all three motivational dimensions; application of creative, participative leadership causes a higher degree of motivation. Subsequently, there is investigated in the paper whether the strength of motivation is also influenced by creating an atmosphere of trust, belongingness and encouraging to new proposals by the manager, and whether creating such a positive atmosphere is affected by the quality of leadership style. Through the use of Pearsonâ€™s test and Kendallâ€™s test, dependence was also confirmed. Conclusion of the paper presents a set of recommendations which might be contributive for the universities executives when strengthening the motivation of universities members and improving their competitiveness and contribution to society and its progress. Â Â Keywords: university employees and managers; leadership; motivation; survey, dependence
Municipal Tax Policy as a Tool of Local Development
Authors: Poliak Ladislav
Published: January 2023

Municipality as basic unit of territorial government, needs to be fiscally autonomous. This autonomy is reflected both on the expenditure side as well as on the revenue side. The basic revenue group of municipalities is tax revenue. But the real reflection of using the tax jurisdiction is found in case of local taxes.Â Since 2005 there is a new system of local taxation in Slovakia. Slovak municipalities are able to use their taxing powers in order to support the other local policies. Aim of the paper is to evaluate a local taxes and local taxation as a tool of local (social and economic) development. The paper discusses the relation of tax, social and economic policies of municipality. It also contains a short legal analysis of local taxes use as a tool of supporting social and economic policies in the legal system of Slovak Republic. The paper also contains a proposition and implementation of methodology for quantification the social and stabilizing function of local taxes and its application in district towns of Slovak Republic. Results have shown that in Slovak district towns is no relation between local social and stabilizing policy and their current budgets development.Keywords: local development; local taxes; municipalities; real estate tax; tax policy; social policy; stabilizing policy
Historical Cost Accounting and International Accounting Harmonization
Authors: Cristea Valentin Gabriel
Published: January 2023

The relationship between international accounting harmonization and fair value accounting is one biunivocal: fair value accounting has the effect of catalyst for international accounting harmonization generating relevant information required to the quality of fair value accounting figures.Management Accounting is focused on the historical cost. This is highlighted in the revaluation: the notes must be submitted separately for each item in the balance of nature revalued property and equipment, the following information: the value of assets at historical cost and revalued amount cumulative value adjustments; or value at the balance sheet date of the difference between the unrealized gains and historical cost accounting and the cumulative amount of the additional value adjustments.  

Keywords: historical cost; harmonization; fair value; accounting;
Effective Leadership: A Study on the Administrative Staff
Authors: Bektas Cetin
Published: January 2023

The content of this research is related with the non-academic personnel who work for a state university in Turkey. The research universe is composed of departments under presidency, institutes, faculties, colleges, vocational schools and coordinatorships. The study was presented to 34 units of the university and 300 of 350 administrative personnel. However, the was study conducted just among 260 administrative personnel. The questionnaire form was prepared to investigate the perception of ideal manager according to the personnel.Â  Some of the questions on the questionnaire forms were prepared as closed-ended, while others were prepared as open-ended. The questions referring the perception of ideal manager were presented as open-ended. The data was analysed at a statistical program.Keywords: leadership; personnel; perception
Positioning Romania on the European Cluster Map of Strategic Human Resource Management
Authors: Clipa Catalin
Published: January 2023

The analysis considers the similarities and differences of strategic human resource practices at country level in the European Union and seeks to assess the level of convergence of Romanian practices to the European ones. The purpose of the study is to calculate the closeness of Romania to one of the European Human Resource Management clusters previously identified by M. Ingjatovic and I. Svetlik considering practices as strategy formalization, involvement of human resource department in developing the organizational strategy and devolution of human resource decisions to line management. Cluster analysis was used, considering that is one of the complex methods in systematic research and it is useful in multidimensional analysis where significant similar cases are looked for. The results show that Romania is closer to the Peripheral cluster with the management-focused model of medium intensity HRM and Central Southern cluster with the HRM model of low intensity.Keywords: human resource management clusters; convergence; human resource strategic practices; Romanian HRM;Â
Local currency as a means of alleviating the negative impact of the financial crisis on quality of life
Authors: Michal Butek , Tomas Kliestik
Published: January 2023

The financial crisis of 2008 has not only shaken the financial markets but also undermined basic pillars of developed globalized society. Some economists talk about aÂ coming era of deglobalisation, others about â€žrelocalisaton of economyâ€œ.Â  Voices questioning the growth of GDP as aÂ tool for solving socio-economic problems became more significant.Â  Liquidity is shifted from the real economy to speculative sector of the financial markets, leading to inflation of the prices of financial assets and on the other hand, the lack of liquidity in the real economy leads to the strengthening importance of alternative means of exchange and to international and local spread of barter trade. There is aÂ trend in development of local monetary systems with elements of regional protectionism. At the time of rapidly developing automation, government maintains employment only through the unproductive state sector financed by large government deficits. The unsustainably growing indebtedness in private, corporate and state level is obvious and apparently the future will bring significant changes in the economic, political and social setting of the society. The aim of the article is to describe the economic and social importance of local currencies in today's rapidly changing society.Keywords: local currency; crisis, relocalisation
Corporate Social Responsibility in the Context of National Awards for Social Responsibility in the Slovakia and Czech Republic
Authors: Jankalova Miriam , Jankal Radoslav
Published: January 2023

Between current trends belongs ever increasing pressure on companies to respect the principles of corporate social responsibility (CSR). If companies want to be successful on the markets with strong competitive pressure, they have to focus their attention not only to make a profit, increase market share, but also to increase protection of the environment, or help the local community. It is important to operate responsibly towards all stakeholders and apply the principles of CSR.Â  The aim of the paper is to point on the benefits for companies from participating in national awards for social responsibility and to compare the approaches used in the evaluation within national awards in the Slovakia and Czech Republic. Results are based on analytical research. It can be concluded that purpose of these awards is to increase interest in the CSR problematics not only among companies (organizations and industrial enterprises), but also between citizens.Keywords: corporate social responsibility; stakeholder; award;
Estimating the residence price by linear regression model and Geographical Information Systems (GIS)
Authors: Turk Tarik , Tuna Murat Fatih , Kitapci Olgun
Published: January 2023

Owning a residence is also considered as an investment tool, determining the price of a residence with the desired properties has become one of the most important questions to be answered in social life. In this study, price estimations of residences located in nine of the central districts of Ankara city (Turkey) were carried out via multi linear regression model and geographical distributions of these residences were revealed on GIS environment to perform various query, spatial analysis and documentation operations. In addition, thematic maps regarding residence prices in the study region were produced.Â Keywords: estimating the residence price; Geographical Information Systems; online marketing; regression analysis
Impact of foreign direct investments on the economy
Authors: Bielikova Alzbeta , Paliderova Martina
Published: January 2023

The paper evaluates the influence of foreign direct investments on the economy of the Slovak Republic which forms the necessary part of the international capital movement. More often, governments of individual countries consider them to be a tool for increasing competitiveness. Direct foreign investments influence not only the economic, political and social aspects in the host country but in the mother country as well and they play a key role in the economy performance growth.Keywords: foreign direct investments; sector structure of FDI; regional structure of FDI; FDI effects; structure of the economy;
Clogging and Pollution of Broken Stone Ballast During Railway Track Exploitation
Authors: Kolos Aleksey
Published: January 2023

Purpose: Determination of legitimacies of clogging, pollution for broken stone ballast, perceiving vibrodynamic load from a rolling stock, as well as of the ballast life. Methods: Theoretical and empirical research methods are used in the study. Theoretical methods are based on the analysis of known models describing broken stone degradation processes during railway track exploitation, and empirical methods — on the pursued experiments and trials. The identification of the legitimacies for pollutants and clogs accumulation in broken stone ballast was based on the results of dynamic bench tests and laboratory determination of broken stone grain composition removed from ballast layer of exploited railway track with various tonnage workout. The methods of statistical processing of test results and regression analysis were used in the study. Results: According to the statistical processing of test results and laboratory determinations of broken stone grain composition, functional dependencies were established for the accumulation in broken stone ballast of the products of own crushing, abrasive wear as well as of external pollution, depending on broken stone initial physical and mechanical properties, railway track exploitation conditions and the system of its maintenance. Mathematical model for the prediction of broken stone ballast life depending on railway track section exploitation conditions was developed in the study. Practical significance: The results of the study make it possible to prognose broken stone ballast life from the condition of its maximally acceptable pollution and clogging and also to plan reasonably railway track maintenance work.
Factor Analysis of Foreign Economic Activity Indicators of St. Petersburg
Authors: Tatevosyan Angelina
Published: January 2023

Purpose: To consider and analyze the opinions of foreign and domestic scientists on the problem of the choice of indicators for the city’s foreign economic activity assessment. To identify the list of major indicators for St. Petersburg foreign economy assessment. To reduce the number of presented indicators till a minimum with the help of factor analysis method. Methods: Major methods of logical analysis were applied such as ones of induction, deduction, analysis and synthesis of scientific literature on the given issue, analysis statistical methods: correlation analysis and factor analysis of the indicators of foreign economic activity of the city of St. Petersburg. In the course of indicator factor analysis, a graphical method for analysis of the obtained results for eigenvalues of indicators was also applied. Results: As a result of scientific literature analysis, the major indicators, characterizing St. Petersburg city foreign economic activity, were identified. The reasoning for factor analysis performance necessity is given and the impossibility to apply correlation analysis for these purposes because of the presence of multicollinearity of the presented indicators has been proved. As a result of factor analysis application, the number of indicators for the city foreign economic activity evaluation has been decreased till 2. Practical importance: Due to the held factor analysis, the number of indicators of St. Petersburg’s foreign economic activity has been reduced. The obtained result opens the opportunity to assess the city foreign economic activity with less labor expenditures which are associated with initial data search and indicator large number analysis.
ПЕРСПЕКТИВЫ РАЗВИТИЯ ВИДЕОСИСТЕМ ДЛЯ ИЗМЕРЕНИЯ ТЕМПЕРАТУРЫ В ИЗДЕЛИЯХ РАКЕТНО-КОСМИЧЕСКОЙ ТЕХНИКИ
Authors:   АО «Российские космические системы», Климов Дмитрий , Мамедов Т. , Орешко Виктор , Губайдуллин Ильшат , Гусева Анастасия
Published: January 2023

Предлагается включение в телеметрические системы изделий ракетно-космической техники видеосистем, что значительно повысит достоверность информации от существующих средств телеметрирования объектов для отслеживания их штатного функционирования, а также для оперативного и однозначного выявления причин нештатных и аварийных ситуаций. Предлагается система видеоконтроля, предназначенная для наблюдения правильности протекания технологических процессов на борту изделий ракетно-космической техники. При научно-исследовательских работах выбранного направления исследований ставится задача применения способов цветовой и яркостной пирометрии в системах видеоконтроля, методов сжатия и обработки информации, элементов теории теплового излучения, математического анализа и теории информации в бесконтактных измерительных системах при создании средств измерений температурных параметров термонагруженных элементов и контроля правильности выполнения технологических процессов изделий ракетно-космической техники.