bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Implementation of “green” economy principles in the forest sector
Authors: Yakovleva E A , Subhonberdiev A Sh
Published: November 2019

This work focuses on the principles of green economy in relation to the role of the forest sector in combating the effects of climate change. The threat to humanity comes from deforestation and forest degradation, leading to an increase in global carbon dioxide emissions. It is indicated that the implementation of the “green” principles of forestry development is aimed at reducing carbon emissions, efficient use of resources and social integration. The key elements of the developed mechanism are institutional and economic tools, “green” principles, indicators and a set of measures for the preservation and increase of natural capital, carbon sequestration, prevention of loss of ecosystem services and biodiversity, income growth and employment. Green economy is an important subsystem of sustainable development that integrates low-carbon, resource efficiency and social welfare. It has been proven that criteria and indicators are an important tool for the implementation of forest policy. Introduction of the green economy principles in the forest sector is aimed at fulfilling international obligations, introducing a system for regulating greenhouse gas emissions, obtaining additional income from tax collections, land rent, protecting the interests of all stakeholders, including the population and forest workers, efficient use of resources forests, taking into account the value of ecosystem services when making decisions.
Recreational loading as a factor of changes in the process of moisture ground soil in protected natural territories of the Black Sea coast of Russia
Authors: Khalikova O V , Isyanyulova R R , Muftakhova S I
Published: November 2019

The article presents the results of studies on how the unsystematic impact of recreational loads leads to deterioration in the soil cover of the Black Sea coast. The impact of anthropogenic factors leads to severe degradation of the soil cover and greatly changes the level of soil moisture reserve. The objectives of the study included studying the composition of soils in the forest territories of the Novorossiysk, Gelendzhiks, Abinsky, Afipsky forestry, analysis of the properties and condition of soils, and the assessment of various indicators as a result of the impact of recreation. The main problem in the conditions of recreation is the decrease in thickness and fertile layer in forest soils of the Black Sea coast due to trampling and degradation of the litter. The main quantitative indicators of damage to the soil cover during recreation affects the dynamics of soil moisture are presented in the tables 1 and 2, where the soils in the pine and rock oak formations (the main forest-forming species of the Krasnodar Territory). The scientific novelty of the work lies in the fact that studies of the state of forest soils under conditions of increasing recreational loads are rarely carried out. Scientists and forestry workers study the soil as a biological source for the growth of woody plants in various types of soils. Novelty is that the study of soils is carried out not only under conditions of recreational stress, but also in mountainous terrain.
Improving the principals of forming the strategy of the technological development for timber enterprises
Authors: Pokonov Aleksandr , Belyakov Gennady , Pokonov Andrey
Published: November 2019

Currently, the most of enterprises of the global timber industry undergo significant changes in their structure due to the introduction of new innovative technologies into production processes. As a result, the established production and cooperation ties are drastically transformed. Currently, little attention is paid to research into the issue of technological development of timber industry enterprises, as well as strategic management of this process. The purpose of this study is to elaborate the theoretical and methodological frameworks for the strategic management of technological development of timber enterprises. The methods of system, comparative and logical analysis, and scientific forecasting are used. The indicators of technological development of timber industry enterprises in the Krasnoyarsk Territory are analysed. The necessity for the medium- and long-term technological development strategy for a private enterprise of the timber industry is justified. The basic principles of forming a technological strategy development for private enterprises considering current trends in global timber industry are presented.
Numerical Studies on the Effect of Boundary Conditions for a Simply-Supported Plate
Authors: Suvorov Alexander
Published: November 2019

In this paper we analyze a simply-supported plate under the action of transverse uniform pressure. The Mindlin theory of moderately thick plates is used for analysis. Different boundary conditions are considered at the edges of the plate and their effect on the solution, in particular, shear forces, is studied. Only finite element results are presented.
Thin Spherical Elastic-Plastic Shells under the Action of Concentrated Loads
Authors: Astakhova Avgustina
Published: November 2019

Thin isotropic rotation shells of constant thickness taking into account the appearance of plastic deformations under the local loads are considered. The method of running with discrete orthogonalization is used for the numerical realisation of the present problem. Thin spherical shells with the angle 90 degrees and the relation of the radius to the thickness 100 under local load are considered.
Modelling and Stability of Cylindrical Grid Shells
Authors: Siyanov Alexander
Published: November 2019

The constructive forms of the lattice surfaces are analyzed and the rational system of the cylindrical shell is chosen. The grid with cells having longitudinal, transverse and diagonal rods was studied. The use of nodes with a rigid connection of elements was taken into account. The features of the stability loss of cylindrical mesh shells within the given geometric parameters are determined. The regularities of systems behaviour under the action of operational loads are founded. It is revealed that with the increase of span and other sizes the coefficient of stability margin of the structure decreases. The forms of the possible onset of the critical state of the shells with increasing imposed load were obtained.
A New Algorithm for Size Optimization of the Truss Structures with Buckling Constraint using Finite Element Method
Authors: Bich Quyen Vu Thi , Khanh Cao Quoc , Thuy Van Tran Thi , Khoa Dao Ngoc , Truc Thai Phuong
Published: November 2019

This paper proposed a way to solve the problem of the optimum size of the truss, taking into account the local buckling constraint of compression elements of the truss. The consideration of dynamic constraint for buckling increases the complexity of the iterative algorithm to solve the truss optimization problem, because the dynamic constraint expresses condition involving the cross-sectional variable. The author has established an iterative algorithm to optimize trusses with stresses constraints (under strength conditions for tensile elements, buckling conditions for compression elements) and displacements. The iterative algorithm is established based on the correlation coefficients of internal forces between elements. The constraints of the problem are established on the basis of the results of internal forces, displacement and governing equation by finite element method. Based on the established algorithm, the authors had written the program to solve the optimization problem of plane trusses with 10 and 17 elements, spreading the space trusses of 25 elements. Comparing the results of weight optimization of the trusses by the proposed method of this paper with the results based on genetic algorithms, there is no significant difference, especially when increasing the number of elements, the weight of the truss calculated by the author’s method is significantly smaller.
Determination of Member Connection Stiffness For Semi-Precast High-Rise Building
Authors: Thuy Van Tran Thi , Kien Nguyen Trung , Thinh Do Tien , Quyen Hoang T.L.
Published: November 2019

Currently, in Vietnam, the semi-precast high-rise buildings are popular construction structures because of material saving and low construction cost, meeting the requirements of a part of residents with medium and low incomes. However, in the assembly process of these structures, the technical requirements for the connections between prefabricated components as well as between prefabricated components and monolithic components are very important and required a proper analysis. Accurate modeling is very important in structural analysis, as well as analysis of behavior for high-rise semi-precast buildings, especially when they are in the possible earthquake areas. In order to be able to model the real structure, the value of connection stiffness between the components needs to be determined relative correctly. The paper presents how to determine the member connection stiffness of semi-precast high-rise buildings using the finite element method. Verifying the correctness of the member connection stiffness value is carried out through dynamic parameters such as natural frequency and the damping ratio obtained by the experiments of the miniature model of semi-precast high-rise buildings on shaking table test. From there, some comments and recommendations on the suitable model for semi-precast high-rise buildings will be proposed for analysis of these structures more accurately.
Modelling of Multi-Storey Frame Interacting with Rigid Core of the Building
Authors: Kacprzyk Zbigniew , Czumaj Przemysław
Published: November 2019

Impact of bar incompressibility assumption on frames has been analysed in this paper. It has been shown, that in some cases of high buildings, where rigid core is surrounded by set of bars, assumption of columns incompressibility is justified. With compressible bars, significant bending moments occurs on beams connected to core of the building.
Aerodynamic Stability of Bridge Structures
Authors: Churin Pavel , Fedosova Anastasia
Published: November 2019

Large-span bridges, which are flexible structures, are more susceptible to the wind influence. At the same time, it is necessary to take into account the effect of snow drift and automobile traffic on the stability of the superstructure. As the object of research a metal continuous beam bridge with two parallel independent span structures was chosen. The program of aerodynamic test at the wind-tunnel was given at the paper. The paper presents the test results for the most interesting angles of attack from the aerodynamic point of view. Based on the test results, it was established that it is impossible to speak unequivocally about the effect of snow deposits on the aerodynamic stability of the span. The presence of automobile traffic on the span under study excludes all possible phenomena of aerodynamic instability, for all the flow directions considered.
Uniformity Test of Bored Piles by Method of Ultrasonic Sensing
Authors: Ibatullin Rustam , Shepelev Alexander , Pischulev Alexander
Published: November 2019

The article presents the existing methods of uniformity test of concrete bored piles. These methods include: testing of drilled cores, seismic tests, radioisotope or ultrasonic testing. The best method of these is the end-to-end testing with ultrasound. In this technique, there are no requirements for the rejection of the design. The article presents the accumulated results of tests of bored piles for continuity. Requirements of rejection for testing of bored piles are established. For the rejection of structures, we recommend using are coefficient of variation and the value of the relative deviation of the ultrasound velocity from the mean value.
Evaluation of Corrosion Damage of Concrete
Authors: Zhdanova Tatiana , Larionov Evgeniy
Published: November 2019

Corrosion damage of structural materials caused by their interaction with the environment is one of the significant factors of degradation of the strength characteristics of these materials. Since this brings a significant reduction in the bearing capacity of structures, when calculating their long-term operation, it is certainly necessary to take into account corrosion damage. Among the effects of the environment on the concrete, a significant place belongs to chemical corrosion, determined by the dynamics of the corrosion front moving deep into the concrete. In this paper, according to some models, the depth of chemical corrosion damage of concrete structural elements (beam, column) is estimated.
Computational Modelling of Cross-Laminated Timber Panels
Authors: Gilewski Wojciech , Glegola Aleksander
Published: November 2019

The paper is dedicated to the qualitative and quantitative analysis of cross-laminated timber (CLT) panels within the theory of orthotropic laminated plate theory. Short description of CLT panels and assumptions of the theory is followed by the selection of examples with some parametric analysis within the Abaqus finite element software. The main conclusion is that the average values for orthotropic parameters of the material (usually used in practice) provides to overestimation of the results and can cause mistakes in the design .
Sensitivity Analysis of Zinc Dose-response Function according to Actual Standard Approach
Authors: Strieska Miroslav , Kotes Peter , Bujnakova Petra , Jost Jozef , Farbak Matus
Published: November 2019

One of the reasons for the decrease in reliability of constructions is the corrosion of carbon steel. Many members are made from carbon steel as embedded reinforcement in reinforced concrete (RC) members, steel structures, steel bearings, barriers, rails, etc. These members from carbon steel can be protected by zinc coating. In these cases, the zinc coating layer provides the passive stage during which the steel does not corrode. Therefore, the first-year corrosion rate, as well as the speed of the corrosion during many years, is a very significant parameter for determination of the decreasing the reliability of structure in time. The determination of the corrosivity of the atmosphere can be either on specimens exposed under outdoor conditions or by calculation, according to so-called dose-response function, based on environmental information observed from the public´s hydrometeorological institutes. The paper is focused on sensitivity analysis of zinc dose-response function rcorr,ZN in the range of input parameter recommended either in the standard STN EN ISO 9223 or in the range of measurement by Slovak Hydrometeorological Institute – SHMI.
Hydro-thermal Analysis of Building Envelope Walls with Cement-Stabilized Rammed Earth Structural Layer and Different Thermal Insulators and Their Positioning in Humid Continental Climate
Authors: Narloch Piotr , Protchenko Kostiantyn , Cichocki Damian
Published: November 2019

The objective of the work is to analyse thermal insulation positioning in a building envelope wall with a load-bearing layer made of cement stabilized rammed earth (CSRE) in a humid continental climate. In the article CSRE is described and recommendations regarding the wall thickness of this material are presented. The results of the CSRE coefficient of thermal conductivity and current standard values of the heat transfer coefficient for external walls in various countries of a humid continental climate are also presented. On this basis, the thickness of the necessary thermal insulation in building envelope partitions with a load-bearing layer of CSRE is estimated. In the latter part of the article, the results of the simulation of hydro-thermal conditions occurring in partitions with a load-bearing layer of CSRE insulated with different types of thermal insulation placed in different parts in the partition are presented. The simulations have shown that in a humid continental climate the best solution is the use of thermal insulation on the external side of the building envelope.
Analysis of Hollow Shape Semi Rigid Joints Made by Use of Thermal Drilling Technology
Authors: Bednarek Pawel , Rzadkowski Jan
Published: November 2019

The results of numerical and empirical analysis of a new type frame T- joints for rectangular hollow sections are presented. The butt T-joints are designed as connected by screws into bushes formed in the wall of rectangular hollow sections bars by use of a thermal drilling technology. Literature in this subject applies only to joints without additional stiffeners or T-joints with concrete filled hollow steel columns. In the paper deals with the 4 proposals of a new butt T-joints for hollow sections including additional stiffeners. Numerical analyses conducted for the designed new types of T-joints proved that the proposed joints stiffeners lead to higher capacity than in case of unstiffened joint. Experimental verification of the joints behaviour confirmed results of the numerical simulation.
Influence of Weather Changes on Thermo-technical Behaviour of Selected Wooden House Wall Assemblies
Authors: Michalkova Daniela , Durica Pavol
Published: November 2019

Wooden houses became perspective in the building industry. The University of Žilina owns pavilion research, in which the light-weight wooden based envelope structures are tested. They are designed for almost zero-energy buildings. The structures vary in the used materials and their order. This paper deals with the analysis of their performance during exterior boundary conditions changes. The best performance in relation relative humidity has the structure V2, in which is used wooden cladding, ventilated air cavity and thermal insulations Steico Protect and Isover Multimax 030. In terms of the overheating is the structure V5 desired, with light beige render and thermal insulations Isover Twinner, Isover Insulfit and Kingspan Kooltherm.
Choice of Factors Modelling of Concrete
Authors: Varlamov A.A. , Yakobchuk D. L. , Lozhkin I. A.
Published: November 2019

The continued development of the theory of degradation. In this work, the experimental data were processed by the method of factor analysis. Conducted experimental research with the aim of charting the concrete for comparison with a new theory. The paper presents analysis of experimental data. Considered the factors which determine the behaviour diagram of concrete. Treated with own experimental data and data of other authors. Additionally, used the Varimax – method and “bootstrap analysis”. The result was that two factors describe only 60% of the variance. The addition of the third factor allows us to describe the diagram of the concrete by 90%.
Secondary Building Materials Planning System
Authors: Aleksanin Aleksandr
Published: November 2019

The successful operation of construction and demolition waste management requires the development of appropriate planning systems. Today there are a large number of forecasting methods. In the area of construction and demolition waste, it is important to have a forecast not only for the economic effect, but also for the environmental consequences of the rates and volumes of waste generation. The article discusses modern forecasting methods that can be used in the field of construction waste management. The structure of the integrated forecast of the functioning of the territorial system of construction and demolition waste management is proposed, contributing to the rational planning of the development of waste-processing infrastructure in the region.
On the Question of Low-Energy and Green Housing
Authors: Shchepochkina Julia , Akulova Marina , Sokolova Julia , Sokolova Alla
Published: November 2019

People’s mode of life, their professional activity and recreation depend not only on environmental factors including architecture, urban planning of a town or a settlement, but on specific atmosphere formed by the elements that are rather difficult to assess numerically. It also depends on the purity of air, soil and water resources. Generating ever increasing amounts of electrical power is indissolubly related to environmental setting and requires undertaking certain measures. The significant differences between low-energy and green houses have been demonstrated. Construction project should be considered low-energy one if it consumes less energy when in service in comparison with other similar building projects. Correspondingly, green houses are construction projects realized from naturally occurring materials with low conversion rate that could blend in with natural habitat. Every structure with low energy consumption could be considered low-energy house, at the same time, not every low-energy house could be called a green one. When erecting a house, one should take into account not only the benefits of energy saving but also the importance of environmental settings, traditions, customs, and historically developed architectural look of a town or a settlement.
Multidimensional Modelling in the Educational Process Based on the Block Cluster Model
Authors: Zharov Iaroslav , Smirnova Julia
Published: November 2019

In the study of certain technological processes, students lack practice to a large extent therefore it is difficult to understand assimilation of a significant part of the educational material. As part of academic studies there is no opportunity to demonstrate the full technological cycle of construction and installation works. Multidimensional modelling tools, 4D models in particular, redound to demonstrate technological processes with high detail remotely from the construction site, 4D model tools allow to demonstrate how technological solutions can affect the duration of work and the quality of the realized objects. Similarly construction industry where the effect of the introduction of information technology is achieved as the reduction of term and cost of the project taking modern methods and tools in educational processes allow to improve the competence of students. The creation of detailed models with a developed work breakdown structure requires a significant amount of resources, including the time of work of highly qualified design engineers. This article discusses issues of labour costs reducing for the creation of multidimensional models due to applying the cluster system of model formation.
Bidder Multiple Criteria Assessment with Simos Method Use
Authors: Krzeminski Michal , Wojtkiewicz Tomasz
Published: November 2019

The article presents two important issues. The first was to propose a set of evaluation criteria developed on the PMBOK standard. The authors chose the most appropriate five areas from among the nine highlighted and then on their basis proposed evaluation criteria. The second important element was the development of a method of assessment based on the Simosa method and assumptions of the Entropy method. This approach enabled the modification of the weighting vector in the case when, in one criterion, all variants had the same value assigned.
Modification of WPC Materials by Introduction of Dioctyl Phthalate Plasticator
Authors: Matseevich Tatyana , Askadskii Andrey , Kondrashchenko Valeriy
Published: November 2019

The study of the properties of materials of wood-polymer composites (WPC), modified with mineral filler and plasticizer. The materials modified with mineral filler possess very low water absorption of 0.013% compared with 1.25% for ordinary material based on the WPC. The stress relaxation of a modified material was investigated and it was found that the master relaxation curve of the modified sample is located in the stress range from 900 to 1300 MPa, which is higher than for the standard sample. Thermal expansion of samples containing the plasticizer dioctyl phthalate (DOP) is in the range from 26 to 68·10−6 K−1; those, the same as for the control sample that free of mineral filler. The water absorption of the samples plasticized with DOP of 0.013% is also at the level of the samples containing the mineral filler, and significantly less than the water absorption of the control sample. Specific impact strength is 5.8 kJ/m2, flexural strength is 32 MPa.
Numerical Vibration Response of Railway Track Retrofitted with Single Degree of Freedom Rail Dampers
Authors: Michalczyk Rafał , Brzeziński Karol , Zbiciak Artur
Published: November 2019

A concept and preliminary results of numerical study of changes in the rail track dynamic characteristics are presented in the paper. Change of the characteristics is introduced in order to reduce noise emissions. The theoretical relationship between the studied track dynamic characteristics (TDR - Track Decay Rate) and noise was briefly explained, and then the methodology of FEM modelling for the standard test simulation was described. Three mass modification variants and two rail types were analyzed. Damper connection were modeled as viscoelastic joint. The rail track vibrations were analyzed in both (vertical and lateral) directions separately. Numerical study shows correlation between the railroad track mass increase and its dynamic characteristics and thus the noise emission. Applying dampers with proposed parameters results in more efficient vibration and noise mitigation in lateral direction.
Exploratory study on the utilization of recycled wood as raw material for cross laminated timber
Authors: Munandar W A , Purba R H , Christiyanto A
Published: November 2019

Cross-Laminated Timber (CLT) has been gaining interest in recent years as an attractive and environmental-friendly building material. As such, CLT has been used for structural components in building constructions such as apartments, commercial buildings, or offices. CLT predominantly uses newly harvested lumber as a raw material. In this study, however, CLT fabricated using recycled wood was explored for possible utilization in wood structures. The recycled wood was obtained from wooden boxes, wooden pallets, and scrap wood from lumber suppliers, and their mechanical properties were tested. The average tension-parallel-to-grain strength of these recycled woods was 52.2 MPa, while their average compression-perpendicular-to-grain and compression-parallel-to-grain strength were 20.6 and 4.0 MPa, respectively. Four CLT beams of 2 m-length, 100 mm-width, and 130 mm-depth glued with epoxy adhesive were tested to measure their flexural strengths. A set of two CLT beams was loaded on upright and lying positions, and their average flexural strengths were 8.1 and 7.6 MPa, respectively. The effects of lamina lap splices and adhesives on CLT beam flexural strength were studied. Apparently, adding several variations of lap-splices and adhesives has marginal impact on CLT beam flexural strength.
Efficiency analysis of Muskingum-Cunge method and kinematic wave method on the stream routing (Study case: upper Ciliwung watershed, Indonesia)
Authors: Prawira D , Soeryantono H , Anggraheni E , Sutjiningsih D
Published: November 2019

Flood routing is needed to determine the distribution of flood peak time and magnitude of peak flooding that occurs. Flood routing can be done on the river channel using the transform function principle. There are two methods of flood routing in reach that have significant differences based on general concepts and number of data requirements needed, namely Muskingum-Cunge method and Kinematic Wave method. This study aims to evaluate the efficiency of two flood routing methods, Muskingum-Cunge method and Kinematic Wave method using HEC-Geo HMS, the efficiency of each routing method is obtained from comparison of simulation’s hydrograph peak discharge. results with the observation’s hydrograph peak discharge. Results of the comparisons show that Kinematic Wave method give a large peak discharge which is closer to the observation than simulation results with Muskingum-Cunge method. However, difference of result from two methods are not too far from observation, although Kinematic Wave method uses more detailed data. Based on these results, it can be concluded that Muskingum-Cunge method is more efficient than Kinematic Wave method in conducting flood routing because it provides a hydrograph that is close enough to fewer data requirements.
Design of drainage system on industrial area Kampung Cina, Dobo City, Aru Islands Regency, based on Eco drainage using with HEC-RAS 4.0
Authors: Rizaldi B , Idfi G , Suwarno E , Mujiyono
Published: November 2019

This study aim to plan a drainage system in the Industrial area of Kampung Cina Dobo City that can overcome the problems of inundation occurred. The inundation is caused by the drainage channel that has not been properly arranged and is still in the form of a natural drainage channel, most of which still use the road drainage network whose condition is not functioning properly due to sediment and garbage which results in many drainage channels being cut off. Data processing is carried out with two analyzes including hydrological analysis and hydraulic analysis. The hydraulics analysis includes channel section planning and drainage system modeling with HEC-RAS 4.0 software. In conventional drainage discharge flowing in the channel before the end of drain amounted to 1,136 m3/sec. Once added a retention pond with a capacity of 10.358 m3 with 5 scenario dimensions spillway. The results of modeling obtained by the reduction of the maximum flood flow is 1,07 ms / sec with dimensions of aperture is 8 m x 0,8 m and lower the water level in the upstream channel by 31 cm and 44 cm in the downstream channel.
The application of fuzzy logic for profit optimization to contractor project cash flow
Authors: Djatmiko B , Yulistyorini A , Sugandi R M , Setyawan E
Published: November 2019

Profit has become the main goal for a contractor without neglecting other aspects in the content of contract. According to previous empirical studies, profit has been optimized. However, it was optimized not as an output variable. Therefore, in this study we were going to try to position profit as an output variable using Fuzzy logic. The research aimed to: 1) describe cash in and cash out to prepare empirical Project Cash Flow (PCF) statement, 2) develop Fuzzy Mamdani set model on PCF 3) formulate manual method and Fuzzy Mamdani computational programming on PCF, 4) validate the results of manual simulation using computation, and 5) make profit which can be simulated. The results of the study were: 1). Fuzzy Mamdani set model with 4 input variables (%), those were: Direct Cost (7-75), Indirect Cost (2-25), Informal cost (1-15) and Progress (0-100) and single output which was profit (0 - 10); 2). The manual method consisted of 4 stages: (1) creating a fuzzy set of 4 input variables and 1 output variable, (2) making the Application Function Implications based on 2 rules, (3) Composing all output variables with the MAX operation, and (4) Defuzzification using the method of centroid of area, 3). computational way with indicators: Trapezoid membership function, two-type linguistic set (minimum - maximum) and (slow - fast), MISO (Multiple Input Single Output) implication functions, “MAX - DOT” operation system, fuzzy rules (if … and … then) = 16 rules, 4). The output of the manual method and computational method resulted the same profit of 4.46, so it was declared valid, and 5). The simulation revealed that minimum profit can be made if the cash out allocation and progress on input variables are not balanced and in contrast, we will obtain maximum profit if the allocation of cash out and progress are balanced with input variable.
Concepts of constructability for project construction in Indonesia
Authors: Ansyorie M M A
Published: November 2019

A study of constructability has recently become one of the research themes that has received much attention. Constructability can be defined as the application and integration of construction knowledge and experience to the process of planning, designing, procuring and implementing construction. The concept of constructability itself began and developed in the United States in the 1970s. In Indonesia, development in the field of construction services is a priority, especially for infrastructure development. The process of construction work can’t be separated from the process of planning and implementing construction which is part of the concept of constructablity. Through the application of constructability in construction work can be one analysis for the implementation of construction work to get results a good work in accordance with the desired quality. This study is a review of the concept of constructability and its application in building construction industry. The results of this review are expected to be a source of knowledge and reference regarding the concept of constructability that can be applied by stakeholders in construction work.
Integrated CAD customization system for fused deposition models in additive manufacture with 3D printing machine
Authors: Achdianto  , Cahyati Sally , Triyono  , Saifudin
Published: November 2019

A computerized addictive aided design based on manufacturing system that is digitally integrated, has been modified, built, and designed. The system refers to the smart manufacturing sectoral (smart manufacturing) which to answer the challenges of industrial revolution 4.0, namely the purpose for efficiency of the distance, cost efficiency, time efficiency, quality improvement and increased flexibility. The concept of manufacturing systems with fused deposition modelling 3D printers integrated with the internet or intranet has been modified, for the purpose to connected each other under one platform being namely as category as a Computer Aided Manufacture (CAM) system. A synthesis between the production room and the customer, real-time depiction of 3D CAD users can be presented and connected directly to the manufacturing locations where the desired product is located. Seeing this as an opportunity growing for the industrial society, the author conducted research to modified and collaborate the system. The method used in this study was carried out with rapid application design or better known as Rapid Application Development/RAD aimed at simplifying and accelerating the design of the system for 3D print web application system. CAD drawings can be processed from the user’s device to the main webserver and then forwarded into the operator’s production system space, resulting in a final product/finished goods, with no restrictions on distance, area and allows low production costs (low production costs). The results of this study represent the manufacturing industrial that is being supported by the application of information technology, where are manufacturing is connected with IoT (Internet of Things). Presenting the benefits of the Industry 4.0 concept. The customization system to be able to add value added for the competitiveness small and medium companies in Indonesia on manufacturing process and can support micro economic growth.
Strength Analysis of Metro Kapsul Knuckle Plate and Tie Rod using Finite Element Method
Authors: Budiwantoro B , Raditya Y D , Harjandi Y A
Published: November 2019

Metro Kapsul is a public transportation system developed to solve traffic problems and save travel time in Bandung. It is categorized as a light rail train with a capacity of 70 passengers per capsule. Before it operates, analysis is needed to ensure the vehicle’s safety. Two crucial parts to be analysed are the knuckle plate and the tie rod of the train. The knuckle plate and the tie rod must meet the requirements of the standards based on PM 175 2015. Forces on each component are calculated using equations from free body diagrams. Static and fatigue analysis are then conducted using ANSYS with Finite Element Method based on load cases in UIC Code 615-4 standard. The maximum stresses that occurred are 195.64 MPa for the knuckle plate and 118.54 MPa for the tie rod. In terms of fatigue, based on the modified Goodman failure criteria, the knuckle plate and tie rod are proven to be safe.
Influence of Heat Treatment on Structure and Corrosion Resistance of 8090 Aluminium Alloy for Ethanol Fuel Tank Application
Authors: Astaghfari Garimahdi , Soegijono Bambang
Published: November 2019

Investigation was carried out to understand the influence of heat treatment on structure and corrosion resistance of 8090 aluminium alloy in ethanol solution for ethanol fuel tank application. Heat treatments were subjected to solutionizing at temperature 525ºC for 4 hours to infiltrate the aluminium crystal by copper atoms and aging at temperature 190ºC with different time to bring copper and lithium atoms out of aluminium crystal during aging process. X-ray diffraction was performed to investigate the phase of each sample with different aging time. Electrochemical experiments were conducted to investigate the corrosion resistance in 3, 5% and 7% NaCl solution and 70% and 96% of ethanol solution. The results show different corrosion behaviour of this material. Heat treatment on this material shows significant different results.
2. “Wildwood flowers”
Authors: Carlin Richard
Published: November 2019

“Wildwood flowers” focuses on some of the early country stars, including Fiddlin’ John Carson and Lily May Ledford, along with the two best-known acts of the era: the Carter Family and Jimmie Rodgers. Realizing that a market existed for country music, the primarily New York-based recording industry scrambled to record “authentic” acts. This involved sending producers to the South, who relied on leads from local dealers, newspaper announcements, and word of mouth to produce a string of possible performers. Thanks to this commercial push, many artists were recorded who would have otherwise probably never have been heard on disc.
6. “Mama tried”
Authors: Carlin Richard
Published: November 2019

While the Nashville sound dominated much of country radio in the 1960s and countrypolitan turbocharged its pop leanings in the 1970s, other styles of country music were still being played that would ultimately help bring a revival of “traditional” country sounds back to the charts. “Mama tried” describes the new amalgam of rockabilly, honky-tonk, and Western swing that was developed by artists like Merle Haggard and Buck Owens in the mid-1960s, along with the outlaw movement in Nashville, the members of which rebelled against the major labels’ limitations and returned to country’s roots. Other artists who formed their own unique sounds included Johnny Cash.
Coda
Authors: Carlin Richard
Published: November 2019

Country performers have always balanced two contradictory impulses: on the one hand, they value their musical influences and the many earlier styles that made the music what it is today; on the other, they are interested in adding to the tradition by incorporating the latest technical and musical innovations. The Coda shows how, in the twenty-first century, we see the same scenario playing out among the latest country stars. While some stars adjust their music to fit the times, others continue to perform pretty much in the same style for decades. Country music keeps trucking along, despite many transformations and changes over the years.
Why philosophy of biology?
Authors: Okasha Samir
Published: November 2019

Philosophy has long been intertwined with the natural sciences. Many of the greatest philosophers of the last 400 years were influenced by the science of their day and some made important scientific contributions of their own. ‘Why philosophy of biology?’ explains that the birth of science gave rise to a new type of philosophical enquiry, which asks questions about the methods of science itself. Philosophy of biology emerged in the 1970s as a distinct field of enquiry from the interplay of three factors: the need for a less physics-centric picture of science; the presence of conceptual issues within biology itself; and the naturalistic turn in general philosophy.
Evolution and natural selection
Authors: Okasha Samir
Published: November 2019

In 1859 Charles Darwin published On the Origin of Species, in which he set out his theory of evolution. The book marked a turning point in our understanding of the natural world and revolutionized biology. ‘Evolution and natural selection’ outlines the theory of evolution by natural selection, explaining its unique status in biology and its philosophical significance. It considers how Darwin’s theory undermined the ‘argument from design’, a traditional philosophical argument for the existence of God; how the integration of Darwin’s theory with genetics, in the early 20th century, gave rise to neo-Darwinism; and why, despite evolutionary theory being a mainstay of modern biology, in society at large there is a marked reluctance to believe in evolution.
Function and adaptation
Authors: Okasha Samir
Published: November 2019

A striking feature of the biological sciences is their frequent appeal to the notion of function. Why do biologists make such liberal use of function-talk, and what exactly does it mean? ‘Function and adaptation’ explores the concept of biological function and asks how it should be understood. There are two rival philosophical theories of function: the aetiological theory and the ‘causal role’ theory. The aetiological theory emphasizes that function attributions are often answers to the ultimate question ‘why does it exist?’ whereas the causal role theory draws attention to a proximate question, namely ‘how does it work?’.
Energy Systems: A Very Short Introduction
Authors: Jenkins Nick
Published: November 2019

Energy Systems: A Very Short Introduction explores our historic exploitation of fossil energy resources and examines the role of renewable energy systems currently available. It also looks forward to the radical changes in fuel technology that will be necessary to provide greener, low carbon energy systems for the future. Modern societies require energy systems to provide energy for cooking, heating, transport, and materials processing, as well as for electricity generation. Energy systems include the primary fuel, its conversion, and transport to the point of use. Often, this primary fuel is still a fossil fuel, a one-use resource derived from a finite supply within our planet, causing considerable damage to the environment.
2. Making tides
Authors: Bowers David George , Roberts Emyr Martyn
Published: November 2019

‘Making tides’ explains the forces that generate tides and the scientific discoveries that helped to explain them. Every point in the ocean experiences a tide-generating force changing in strength and direction, with rhythms set by the motions of the Earth, Moon, and Sun. In general, this force will have east–west and north–south components and each of these will change in different ways with time. The most important effect is that set by the spinning Earth within the Moon’s orbit. The deflection of moving objects on a spinning Earth to the right in the northern hemisphere and to the left in the south is called the Coriolis effect.
6. Tides and the Earth
Authors: Bowers David George , Roberts Emyr Martyn
Published: November 2019

‘Tides and the Earth’ explains that the energy in tides comes, ultimately, from the Earth’s spin. Tidal streams, rubbing against the seabed, lose energy through friction and, to make up for this loss, energy is transferred into the tide from the Earth’s spin. As a result, Earth’s rotation is gradually slowing and the day is lengthening. Most tidal friction happens in shelf seas, where the currents are strongest and the water is shallow, but there is an additional loss of energy in the body of the deep ocean, through the creation of waves called internal tides, which mix the interior of the deep ocean.
7. Tidal mixing
Authors: Bowers David George , Roberts Emyr Martyn
Published: November 2019

‘Tidal mixing’ describes tidal mixing in shelf seas, where the water is shallow and tidal currents can be much faster than in the deep ocean. Most of the energy lost from the tide through friction is first converted into turbulence, which then makes a very effective mixing mechanism, stirring the Sun’s heat downwards. Shelf seas at temperate latitudes in summer are divided into stratified regions and vertically mixed regions, depending on the tidal streams’ strength and the water depth. The transition from one to the other happens rapidly and creates a tidal mixing front. Tidal mixing in estuaries is also discussed along with the harnessing of tides to generate electricity.
Why it happened
Authors: Doyle William
Published: November 2019

Describing why the French Revolution happened poses challenges. The French Revolution was not a single event; it was a series of developments that stretched over a number of years beginning between 1787 and 1789. ‘Why it happened’ attempts to outline the causes of the French Revolution by looking at the events leading up to the end of the 1780s. This was a period of uncertainty and confusion. What role did the monarchy have in causing the initial disquiet? Were the seeds of disorder already present in French society in the late 18th century? How important was France’s financial difficulties in causing a crisis?
A fast and memory-efficient implementation of the transfer bootstrap
Authors: Lutteropp Sarah , Kozlov Alexey M , Stamatakis Alexandros
Published: November 2019

Motivation

Recently, Lemoine et al. suggested the transfer bootstrap expectation (TBE) branch support metric as an alternative to classical phylogenetic bootstrap support for taxon-rich datasets. However, the original TBE implementation in the booster tool is compute- and memory-intensive.

Results

We developed a fast and memory-efficient TBE implementation. We improve upon the original algorithm by Lemoine et al. via several algorithmic and technical optimizations. On empirical as well as on random tree sets with varying taxon counts, our implementation is up to 480 times faster than booster. Furthermore, it only requires memory that is linear in the number of taxa, which leads to 10× to 40× memory savings compared with booster.

Availability and implementation

Our implementation has been partially integrated into pll-modules and RAxML-NG and is available under the GNU Affero General Public License v3.0 at https://github.com/ddarriba/pll-modules and https://github.com/amkozlov/raxml-ng. The parallel version that also computes additional TBE-related statistics is available at: https://github.com/lutteropp/raxml-ng/tree/tbe.

Supplementary information

Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
The Human Dynamic Clamp Reveals the Fronto-Parietal Network Linking Real-Time Social Coordination and Cognition
Authors: Dumas G , Moreau Q , Tognoli E , Kelso J A S
Published: November 2019

How does the brain allow us to interact with others? Social neuroscience has already provided some answers to these questions but has tended to treat high-level, cognitive interpretations of social behavior separately from the sensorimotor mechanisms upon which they rely. The goal here is to identify the underlying neural processes and mechanisms linking sensorimotor coordination and intention attribution. We combine the human dynamic clamp, a novel paradigm for studyingrealistic social behavior, with high-resolution electroencephalography. The collection of humanness and intention attribution reports, kinematics, and neural data affords an opportunity to relate brain activity to the ongoing social behavior. Behavioral results demonstrate that sensorimotor coordination influences the judgments of cooperativeness and humanness. Analysis of brain dynamics reveals two distinct networks related to the integration of visuo-motor information from self and other which overlap over the right parietal region. Furthermore, judgment of humanness and cooperation of others modulate the functional connectivity between this right parietal hub and the prefrontal cortex. These results reveal how distributed neural dynamics integrates information from “low-level” sensorimotor mechanisms and “high-level” social cognition to support the realistic social behaviors that play out in real time during interactive scenarios.