bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Geographical Health District and Distance Traveled Influence on Clinical Status at Admission of Patients with Gestational Trophoblastic Disease
Authors: Silva Valdete Aparecida Ribeiro da , Maestá Izildinha , Costa Roberto Antonio de Araújo , Campos Aline de Ávila , Braga Antonio , Horowitz Neil , Elias Kevin M. , Berkowitz Ross
Published: August 2023

Objective To assess the potential relationship of clinical status upon admission and distance traveled from geographical health district in women with gestational trophoblastic disease (GTD).

Methods This is a cross-sectional study including women with GTD from the 17 health districts from the São Paulo state (I–XVII), Brazil, referred to the Botucatu Trophoblastic Disease Center (specialized center, district VI), between 1990 and 2018. At admission, hydatidiform mole was assessed according to the risk score system of Berkowitz et al. Gestational trophoblastic neoplasia was evaluated using the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics / World Health Organization (FIGO/WHO) staging/risk score. Data on demographics, clinical status and distance traveled were collected. Multiple regression analyses were performed.

Results This study included 366 women (335 hydatidiform mole, 31 gestational trophoblastic neoplasia). The clinical status at admission and distance traveled significantly differed between the specialized center district and other districts. Patients referred from health districts IX (β = 2.38 [0.87–3.88], p = 0.002) and XVI (β = 0.78 [0.02–1.55], p = 0.045) had higher hydatidiform mole scores than those from the specialized center district. Gestational trophoblastic neoplasia patients from district XVI showed a 3.32 increase in FIGO risk scores compared with those from the specialized center area (β = 3.32, 95% CI = 0.78–5.87, p = 0.010). Distance traveled by patients from districts IX (200km) and XVI (203.5km) was significantly longer than that traveled by patients from the specialized center district (76km).

Conclusion Patients from health districts outside the specialized center area had higher risk scores for both hydatidiform mole and gestational trophoblastic neoplasia at admission. Long distances (>80 km) seemed to adversely influence gestational trophoblastic disease clinical status at admission, indicating barriers to accessing specialized centers.
Effect of Endometriosis on Cumulus ATP, Number of Mitochondria and Oocyte Maturity in Cumulus Oocyte Complex in Mice
Authors: Widyanugraha Muhammad Ardianta , Widjiati Widjiati , Hendarto Hendy
Published: August 2023

Objective Endometriosis causes a decrease in oocyte quality. However, this mechanism is not fully understood. The present study aimed to analyze the effect of endometriosis on cumulus cell adenosine triphosphate ATP level, the number of mitochondria, and the oocyte maturity level.

Methods A true experimental study with a post-test only control group design on experimental animals. Thirty-two mice were divided into control and endometriosis groups. Cumulus oocyte complex (COC) was obtained from all groups. Adenosine triphosphate level on cumulus cells was examined using the Elisa technique, the number of mitochondria was evaluated with a confocal laser scanning microscope and the oocyte maturity level was evaluated with an inverted microscope.

Results The ATP level of cumulus cells and the number of mitochondria in the endometriosis group increased significantly (p < 0.05; p < 0.05) while the oocyte maturity level was significantly lower (p < 0.05). There was a significant relationship between ATP level of cumulus cells and the number of mitochondrial oocyte (p < 0.01). There was no significant relationship between cumulus cell ATP level and the number of mitochondrial oocytes with oocyte maturity level (p > 0.01; p > 0.01). The ROC curve showed that the number of mitochondrial oocytes (AUC = 0.672) tended to be more accurate than cumulus cell ATP level (AUC = 0.656) in determining the oocyte maturity level.

Conclusion In endometriosis model mice, the ATP level of cumulus cells and the number of mitochondrial oocytes increased while the oocyte maturity level decreased. There was a correlation between the increase in ATP level of cumulus cells and an increase in the number of mitochondrial oocytes.
A Technical Feasibility of Aqueous Aerosol Generation Based on the Flashing Jet: Effects of Overheat Degree, Jetting Rate, Jetting Volume, and Liquid Type
Authors: Zheng Qi-Wen , Yuan Li-Jia , Wang Jian
Published: August 2023

A previously established flashing jet inhaler prototype (FJ prototype) can produce an aqueous aerosol but cannot steadily provide inhalable aerosol (2–5 μm). This study aims to optimize the atomization performance of the FJ prototype and generate inhalable aqueous aerosols. The effects of overheat degree, jetting rate, jetting volume, and liquid type on atomization performance were assessed by determining output aerosol's mass median aerodynamic diameter (MMAD) and aerodynamic particle size distribution. Drug distribution of active ingredients in different liquid types was also measured. A Pari nebulizer was used as a reference device. Our data suggested that MMAD is negatively correlated with the overheat degree and jetting rate, but has no significant relationship with the jetting volume. The effect of jetting rate is weaker than that of the overheat degree. When normal saline was used as the atomization liquid, output aerosol's MMAD at the FJ prototype and Pari nebulizer were 1.98 ± 0.18 and 2.50 ± 0.81 μm, respectively. The addition of a surfactant significantly decreases MMAD both in solution and in suspension, but the suspended particles had no effect on the residual level and atomization performance of the FJ prototype. When ventolin was used as the atomization liquid, the MMAD of the FJ prototype and Pari nebulizer was 2.1 ± 0.2 and 1.7 ± 0.2 μm, respectively, while the fine particle dosage (FPD) in percent of the nominal dose (%ND) was 50.4 ± 3.1 and 53.1 ± 7.2%, respectively. When pulmicort respules was used as the atomization liquid, the MMAD of the FJ prototype and Pari nebulizer was 2.5 ± 0.5 and 4.6 ± 0.2 μm respectively, while the FPD (%ND) was 30.1 ± 5.6 and 58.6 ± 5.1%, respectively. The FJ prototype not only delivers inhalable aqueous aerosol but also has a potential advantage in the atomization of suspension or poorly soluble drugs.
Switchbacks, microstreams, and broadband turbulence in the solar wind
Authors: Horbury T. S. , Bale Stuart D. , McManus Michael D. , Larson Davin , Kasper J. C. , Laker Ronan , Matteini Lorenzo , Raouafi Nour E. , Velli Marco , Woodham Lloyd D. , Woolley Thomas , Fedorov Andrey , Louarn Philippe , Kieokaew Rungployphan , Durovcova Tereza , Chandran Ben , Owen C. J.
Published: August 2023

Switchbacks are a striking phenomenon in near-Sun coronal hole flows, but their origins, evolution, and relation to the broadband fluctuations seen farther from the Sun are unclear. We use the near-radial lineup of Solar Orbiter and Parker Solar Probe during September 2020 when both spacecraft were in wind from the Sun's Southern polar coronal hole to investigate if switchback variability is related to large scale properties near 1 au. Using the measured solar wind speed, we map measurements from both spacecraft to the source surface and consider variations with source Carrington longitude. The patch modulation of switchback amplitudes at Parker at 20 solar radii was associated with speed variations similar to microstreams and corresponds to solar longitudinal scales of around 5°–10°. Near 1 au, this speed variation was absent, probably due to interactions between plasma at different speeds during their propagation. The alpha particle fraction, which has recently been shown to have spatial variability correlated with patches at 20 solar radii, varied on a similar scale at 1 au. The switchback modulation scale of 5°–10°, corresponding to a temporal scale of several hours at Orbiter, was present as a variation in the average deflection of the field from the Parker spiral. While limited to only one stream, these results suggest that in coronal hole flows, switchback patches are related to microstreams, perhaps associated with supergranular boundaries or plumes. Patches of switchbacks appear to evolve into large scale fluctuations, which might be one driver of the ubiquitous turbulent fluctuations in the solar wind.
Long time dynamics and blow-up for the focusing inhomogeneous nonlinear Schrödinger equation with spatially growing nonlinearity
Authors: Dinh Van Duong , Majdoub Mohamed , Saanouni Tarek
Published: August 2023

We investigate the Cauchy problem for the focusing inhomogeneous nonlinear Schrödinger equation i∂tu + Δu = −|x|b|u|p−1u in the radial Sobolev space Hr1(RN), where b > 0 and p > 1. We show the global existence and energy scattering in the intercritical regime, i.e., p>N+4+2bN and p<N+2+2bN−2 if N ≥ 3. We also obtain blowing-up solutions for the mass-critical and mass-supercritical nonlinearities. The main difficulty, coming from the spatial growing nonlinearity, is overcome by refined Gagliardo–Nirenberg-type inequalities. Our proofs are based on improved Gagliardo–Nirenberg inequalities, the Morawetz–Sobolev approach of Dodson and Murphy [Proc. Am. Math. Soc. 145(11), 4859–4867 (2017)], radial Sobolev embeddings, and localized virial estimates.
Stability of stochastic reaction-diffusion equation under random influences in high regular spaces
Authors: Li Zhi , Zhao Wenqiang
Published: August 2023

In this paper, we systematically study the high-order stability of the stochastic reaction-diffusion equation driven by additive noise as the noise intensity vanishes. First, with a general assumption on the nonlinear term, we obtain the convergence of solutions and upper semi-continuity of random attractors in L2(RN). Second, by using the nonlinear decomposition method, we technically establish the convergence of solutions in Lp(RN)∩H1(RN)(p>2), and therefore, the upper semi-continuity of random attractors is proved, where p is the growth exponent of the nonlinearity. Finally, by induction argument, we prove that the solution is uniformly bounded near the initial time in Lδ(RN) for arbitrary δ > p, in which space the convergence of solutions and the upper semi-continuity of random attractors are also established.
Analytical theory for a droplet squeezing through a circular pore in creeping flows under constant pressures
Authors: Tang Zhengxin , Yaya François , Sun Ethan , Shah Lubna , Xu Jie , Viallat Annie , Helfer Emmanuèle , Peng Zhangli
Published: August 2023

We derived equations and closed-form solutions of transit time for a viscous droplet squeezing through a small circular pore with a finite length at microscale under constant pressures. Our analyses were motivated by the vital processes of biological cells squeezing through small pores in blood vessels and sinusoids and droplets squeezing through pores in microfluidics. First, we derived ordinary differential equations (ODEs) of a droplet squeezing through a circular pore by combining Sampson flow, Poiseuille flow, and Young–Laplace equations and took into account the lubrication layer between the droplet and the pore wall. Second, for droplets wetting the wall with small surface tension, we derived the closed-form solutions of transit time. For droplets with finite surface tension, we solved the original ODEs numerically to predict the transit time. After validations against experiments and finite element simulations, we studied the effects of pressure, viscosity, pore/droplet dimensions, and surface tension on the transit time. We found that the transit time is inversely linearly proportional to pressure when the surface tension is low compared to the critical surface tension for preventing the droplet to pass and becomes nonlinear when it approaches the critical tension. Remarkably, we showed that when a fixed percentage of surface tension to critical tension is applied, the transit time is always inversely linearly proportional to pressure, and the dependence of transit time on surface tension is nonmonotonic. Our results provided a quick way of quantitative calculations of transit time for designing droplet microfluidics and understanding cells passing through constrictions.
Gravity flow in rock fractures with substrate and edge drainage
Authors: Merli N. , Longo S. , Chiapponi L. , Di Federico V.
Published: August 2023

We investigate the influence of fluid rheology on flow in a finite rock fracture with vertically varying aperture and subject to competing drainage mechanisms due to a permeable substrate and a draining edge. The flow is due to the release of a finite volume of fluid, and the rheology of the fluid is either Newtonian, Ostwald–deWaele, or Herschel–Bulkley. The Hele–Shaw analogy between lubrication and seepage flows allows extending our results to a porous medium with permeability and porosity varying in the vertical direction. The general solution is numerical, except for a self-similar solution derived for Newtonian fluids in a constant aperture fracture and another for Ostwald–deWaele fluids without substrate drainage. Results for the profile of the current and the volume remaining within the fracture, or drained at the substrate and edge, depend on a dimensionless parameter λ incorporating fluid rheology, fracture geometry, and ambient depth; drainage times exhibit order of magnitude variations depending on λ. A second dimensionless parameter, λ′, intervenes for Herschel–Bulkley fluids, with λ′→∞ for Ostwald–deWaele fluids. The theoretical model is validated with a series of experiments conducted with a novel experimental apparatus, accurately reproducing the condition of substrate drainage and allowing the experimental determination of λ and λ′. The agreement between theory and experimental results for both configurations with constant and V-shaped aperture is quite good, considering model approximations and experimental uncertainties. The present analysis shows how domain anisotropy, though simply schematized, and fluid rheology are relevant for the correct estimation of all integral variables, such as the residual fluid volume in the fracture as a function of time.
Elucidating the conformational change and electronic absorption spectrum of p-dimethylamino-cinnamaldehyde merocyanine across different solvent polarities
Authors: Franco Leandro R. , Fonseca Tertius L. , Coutinho Kaline , Georg Herbert C.
Published: August 2023

We present a theoretical study on the structural and electronic properties of the p-dimethylamino-cinnamaldehyde (DMACA) merocyanine molecule in solvents of different polarities by combining the free energy gradient and the average solvent electrostatic configuration methods via an iterative procedure based on the sequential quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics hybrid methodology. Studying such a system in solution is a crucial step for understanding the solvent effects on its properties, which can have implications in fields such as optoelectronics and biophysics. We found that the DMACA molecule presents different geometries in nonpolar and polar solvents, changing from a polyene-like structure with a pyramidal dimethylamino group (in gas phase or nonpolar solvents) to a cyanine-like structure with a planar dimethylamino group in water due to the stabilizing effect of hydrogen bonds between DMACA and water. The molecular absorption spectrum showed a significant change, increasing solvent polarity with a large shift of the lower energy band, while the other two low lying bands did not shift significantly. The study accurately described the solvatochromic shift of the lowest-energy band and analyzed the structure of the excited states in terms of the one-electron transition density matrix, which showed that the dominant excited state (associated with the first lower energy band) is characterized by a local excitation on the benzene ring with charge transfer character to the carbon conjugated segment.
Charophytes of Australia’s Northern Territory – II. Tribe Nitelleae
Authors: Casanova Michelle T. , Karol Kenneth G.
Published: August 2023

This study of Northern Territory charophytes deals with the tribe Nitelleae in family Characeae. We recognise 16 species of Nitella for the Territory. The list includes seven previously described species (Nitella belangeri, N. biformis, N. congesta, N. heterophylla, N. micklei, N. myriotricha and N. tumulosa, of which N. belangeri and N. tumulosa are newly recorded for the Australian flora), and nine newly described species (N. acanthospora, N. boreali-australis, N. crocodylus, N. limosa, N. martinii, N. nitida, N. oollooensis, N. silicea and N. townsendii). Of the five previously reported Nitella species in the Northern Territory (N. hyalina, N. myriotricha, N. penicillata, N. pseudoflabellata and N. subtilissima), only N. myriotricha is recorded in this study, because the other records were based on erroneous identifications or localities. All Nitella species described here can be distinguished on the basis of their morphology and reproductive arrangement. Keys, illustrations and descriptions of all the species are provided.
Organic agriculture in the Western Balkans
Authors: Veliu Arnita
Published: August 2023

Organic agriculture is growing in the last few years in Western Balkans Countries, even though some of them have initiated their legal framework as early as 2004, the practical process of implementation has been slow. There are a number of reasons which are mentioned in different either country reports or international reports on Western Balkans organic production; however, the most evident one is the lack of know-how and the lack of well-established operation systems and value chains. This, however, has been improving over the years, which is also shown in the growth of organic producers in the Western Balkans countries. The data shows that most of the organic production in the Western Balkans countries is export-oriented, mainly in the EU countries and the USA. There is only a small percentage that is sold within their national territories, and this is mostly due to the low awareness of organic produce in terms of health, food safety, and environmental benefits. This, however, is expected to be change as more and more people are working toward healthier lifestyles, and at the same time are putting their attention to Climate Change, with a specific to environmental protection.
Effect of surface modification and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) on thermal properties of PMMA/SWCNT nanocomposites
Authors: Yanmaz Ersin , Doğan Mehmet
Published: August 2023

In this study, the single-walled carbon nanotube (p-SWCNTs) and poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) polymer nanocomposites were prepared by solution casting method. The effects of functionalization and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) on the thermal properties of PMMA/p-SWCNT nanocomposites were investigated. Samples were characterised using BET, FTIR-ATR, SEM, DTA/TG, DSC, TEM and AFM. Morphological analyses showed that changes in the structure of SWCNTs with modification occurred and CNTs were tubular structure, homogeneously dispersed and nano-sized. Functionalised SWCNTs increased the first mass loss (Tmax1), the second mass loss (Tmax2) and glass transition temperatures (Tg) of PMMA. SDS assisted both better dispersion of CNTs and interaction between PMMA and CNTs. While PMMA/p-SWCNT-OH (0.1 wt.%) had the highest thermal stability in SDS-free medium, PMMA/SDS/p-SWCNT-O-APTS (0.1 wt.%) had the highest thermal stability in SDS medium. The maximum increases at Tmax1 and Tmax2 temperatures of nanocomposites were calculated as 49 and 13°C for PMMA/SDS/p-SWCNT-O-APTS (0.1 wt.%), respectively.
Effect of rotating a dielectric barrier on discharge energy and uniformity in an atmospheric pressure air DBD
Authors: Yu Guanglin , Peng Bangfa , Jiang Nan , Wang Ronggang , Sun Haoyang , Liu Zhengyan , Shang Kefeng , Lu Na , Li Jie
Published: August 2023

The application performance of the dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) depends on plasma characteristics, especially discharge energy and uniformity. In this study, the plasma characteristics are investigated in a DBD device with a rotating dielectric barrier. The statistical results indicate that rotating a dielectric barrier can effectively improve discharge power and the number of current pulses. Compared to a stationary DBD, the grayscale standard deviation of the discharge images can be significantly reduced, and the microdischarges present a rather diffuse distribution in the rotational DBD. This rotation also leads to an increase in the number of microdischarges and their movement in the direction of rotation. Additionally, a computational fluid dynamics numerical simulation together with the solution of the diffusion and recombination equations for space charges is implemented to study the diffusion, recombination, and transfer with airflow of space residual charges. The results reveal that the space charges move farther than their diffusion limit in most regions when the rotating speed reaches 30 rps (revolution per second). The mechanism of enhancing the discharge energy and uniformity by rotating a dielectric barrier is analyzed based on the local electric field enhancement induced by surface charges and electron detachment from space negative charges.
Bipolar magnetic switching and large exchange-bias in Fe-substituted SmCrO3
Authors: Mohan Manu , Nayak Sanjib , Pal Arnab , Murugavel P
Published: August 2023

Rare-earth orthochromite is an interesting system in the view of its complex magnetic ordering due to competing interaction between different magnetic ions. Here, Fe-substituted SmCrO3 samples were prepared by solid-state route to investigate their intriguing magnetic properties towards exploring its application potential. The magnetic studies revealed antiferromagnetic (AFM) ordering at Nèel temperature (T
N) ∼ 181 K, magnetic compensation temperatures (T
COMP) at ∼137 K and 50 K, and spin-reorientation temperature (T
SR) at 64 K in SmCr0.8Fe0.2O3 sample. Additionally, the system exhibited negative magnetization under field-cooled conditions which allowed the field as well as temperature controllable magnetization switching behavior. Notably, the Fe-substituted SmCrO3 sample displayed a remarkable exchange bias (H
EB) value of ∼1.39 T at 10 K due to the coexistence of ferromagnetic and AFM ordering at different cationic sites. The M–H loops recorded under positive and negative field-cooled conditions ruled out the minor-loop effect. Theoretical models applied on the training effect studies confirmed the observed exchange-bias effect.
Mid-infrared virtually imaged phased array spectrometer with optical frequency comb: fast thermometry over large dynamic range
Authors: Zhu Ning , Song Zihao , Wang Weitian , Chen Xiaoliang , Chao Xing
Published: August 2023

We demonstrate a broadband mid-infrared frequency comb spectrometer utilizing virtually imaged phased array (VIPA) with the potential of quantitative, fast thermometry over large dynamic range. A modified Boltzmann plot method for attaining quantitative spectral interpretation in the dispersive VIPA system is proposed and realized, despite the broadband spectral overlapping and spatially variant instrumental broadening. The developed method allows accurate interpretation of the comb spectra even without reaching single-comb-tooth resolution, and can be readily extended to other measurements with overlapped spectra. The method is validated with measurements of the v
3 band of methane, and a single-shot temperature accuracy of within 10 K is experimentally demonstrated over the range of 300–600 K at a rate of 200 Hz. The present method takes full benefit of the unique advantages of the high-resolution, broadband VIPA-based frequency comb spectroscopy and has the potential to offer fast and precise thermometry. As far as we know, this is the first study to use a mid-infrared VIPA for temperature measurement with frequency comb spectroscopy.
Recent developments in Chalcogenide phase change material-based nanophotonics
Authors: Tripathi Devdutt , Vyas Hardik S , Kumar Sushil , Panda Soumyashree S , Hegde Ravi
Published: August 2023

There is now a deep interest in actively reconfigurable nanophotonics as they will enable the next generation of optical devices. Of the various alternatives being explored for reconfigurable nanophotonics, Chalcogenide phase change materials (PCMs) are considered highly promising owing to the nonvolatile nature of their phase change. Chalcogenide PCM nanophotonics can be broadly classified into integrated photonics (with guided wave light propagation) and Meta-optics (with free space light propagation). Despite some early comprehensive reviews, the pace of development in the last few years has shown the need for a topical review. Our comprehensive review covers recent progress on nanophotonic architectures, tuning mechanisms, and functionalities in tunable PCM Chalcogenides. In terms of integrated photonics, we identify novel PCM nanoantenna geometries, novel material utilization, the use of nanostructured waveguides, and sophisticated excitation pulsing schemes. On the meta-optics front, the breadth of functionalities has expanded, enabled by exploring design aspects for better performance. The review identifies immediate, and intermediate-term challenges and opportunities in (1) the development of novel chalcogenide PCM, (2) advance in tuning mechanism, and (3) formal inverse design methods, including machine learning augmented inverse design, and provides perspectives on these aspects. The topical review will interest researchers in further advancing this rapidly growing subfield of nanophotonics.
Dodecylation of molybdenum disulfide and its electrochemical properties for hydrogen evolution reaction
Authors: Song Yiming , Yang Dongchun , Li Yunxia , Tian Sheng , Deng Qin , Liu Ru , Wang Zhaobo , Wang Xin , Hu Haiqing , Wang Yilong , Zhao Jian
Published: August 2023

Functionalization of MoS2 was achieved by treatment in a strongly reducing sodium naphthalene solution. Dodecyl was grafted onto MoS2 nanosheets using alkyl sulphates as electrophiles to obtain dodecylated MoS2 without affecting the MoS2 crystalline structure. Superior electrocatalytic properties are obtained for dodecylated MoS2. The polarisation curve of this nanomaterial remained constant even after 1000 consecutive cycles. This route provides a new pathway for covalent functionalization of MoS2 and might find a variety of applications, such as electrocatalysts.
Maximum mass of charged strange quark star in presence of strange quark mass (m

s
)
Authors: Saha A , Goswami K B , Roy R , Chattopadhyay P K
Published: August 2023

In this manuscript, we present an approach to calculate maximum mass of strange quark star having net charge inside. For this purpose we took the modified MIT bag model equation of state in presence of non-zero strange quark mass (m

s
). The general solution of Einstein field equations in presence of charge is obtained by considering a specific form of the g

rr
component of the line element according to Vaidya & Tikekar. Such metric ansatz describes a homogeneous fluid distribution which has a departure from the spherical geometry determined by the two parameters: spheroidal (λ) and curvature (R). In this approach, we find that maximum mass as well as radius both decreases with the increase of strange quark mass (m

s
). Also maximum mass increases with charge and obtained from our model is as high as 4.383 M
⊙ for maximum allowed value of charge with m

s
= 0. The stability is also studied in this model and note that our model is stable for the constraint value of parameters.
Interpreting the GeV-TeV gamma-ray spectra of local giant molecular clouds using GEANT4 simulation
Authors: Roy Abhijit , Joshi Jagdish C. , Cardillo Martina , Sarkar Ritabrata
Published: August 2023

Recently, the Fermi-LAT gamma-ray satellite has detected six Giant Molecular Clouds (GMCs) located in the Gould Belt and the Aquila Rift regions. In half of these objects (Taurus, Orion A, Orion B), the observed gamma-ray spectrum can be explained using the Galactic diffused Cosmic Ray (CR) interactions with the gas environments. In the remaining three GMCs (Rho Oph, Aquila Rift, Cepheus), the origin of the gamma-ray spectrum is still not well established. We use the GEometry ANd Tracking (GEANT4) simulation framework in order to simulate gamma-ray emission due to CR/GMC interaction in these three objects, taking into account the gas density distribution inside the GMCs. We find that propagation of diffused Galactic CRs inside these GMCs can explain the Fermi-LAT detected gamma-ray spectra. Further, our estimated TeV-PeV fluxes are consistent with the HAWC upper limits, available for the Aquila Rift GMC. As last step, we compute the total neutrino flux estimated for these GMCs and compare it with the IceCube detection sensitivity.
Signatures of primordial black holes in gravitational wave clustering
Authors: Libanore Sarah , Liguori Michele , Raccanelli Alvise
Published: August 2023

The possible existence of primordial black holes (PBHs) is an open question in modern cosmology. Among the probes to test it, gravitational waves (GW) coming from their mergers constitute a powerful tool. In this work, we study how stellar mass PBH binaries could affect measurements of the clustering of merger events in future GW surveys. We account for PBH binaries formed both in the early and late Universe and show that the power spectrum modification they introduce can be detected at ∼ 2σ-3σ(depending on some assumptions) whenever PBH mergers make up at least ∼ 60% of the overall number of detected events. By adding cross-correlations with galaxy surveys, this threshold is lowered to ∼ 40%. In the case of a poor redshift determination of GW sources, constraints are degraded by about a factor of 2. Assuming a theoretical model for the PBH merger rate, we can convert our results to constraints on the fraction of dark matter in PBHs,fPBH. Finally, we perform a Bayesian model selection forecast and confirm that the analysis we develop could be able to detect  ∼30M⊙PBHs if they account forfPBH∼ 10-4– 10-3, depending on the model uncertainty considered, being thus competitive with other probes.
Multi-party private size comparison protocol under the semi-quantum condition
Authors: Wang Bing , Gong Li-Hua , Liu San-Qiu
Published: August 2023

Based on

d

-dimensional multiparticle maximal entangled states, a novel multi-party private comparison protocol under semi-quantum condition is proposed. With the help of a semi-honest quantum third party,

N

classical participants can determine the size relationship of their privacies while keeping them private in the devised protocol. Compared with some similar protocols, the presented protocol performs better in terms of security and qubit efficiency. In addition, the effectiveness and the correctness of our protocol are verified with some examples and proofs. By the decoy particles and the pre-shared keys, the presented protocol can defend against the internal and the external attacks.
Large-scale Dynamics of Line-driven Winds with the Re-radiation Effect
Authors: Zhu Yi , Xie Jinsen
Published: August 2023

Previous simulations studying winds only focus on the line force due to photons from central active galactic nuclei. What properties of the winds will be when including the re-radiation force due to the scattered and reprocessed photons (i.e., the re-radiation effect)? We perform simulations to study the large-scale dynamics of accretion disk winds driven by radiation line force and re-radiation force. For the fiducial run, we find that the re-radiation force drives stronger outflows during the early stages. When the flows get into the steadiness, the UV radiation due to spectral lines dominates total radiation and the re-radiation effect could be negligible. The opening angle of winds narrows as the initial gas density increases. The larger the gas density is, the stronger the re-radiation effect will be. For M
BH = 106
M
⊙, ε = 0.3, the outflows do become much stronger with the re-radiation effect and the winds still cannot escape from gravitational potential. We find that the detection probability of ultra-fast outflows and the properties of the winds are both consistent with the observations.
Solar Observation with the Fourier Transform Spectrometer. II. Preliminary Results of Solar Spectrum near the CO 4.66 μm and Mg i 12.32 μm
Authors: Bai Xianyong , Feng Zhiwei , Zhang Zhiyong , Deng Yuanyong , Zhu Xiaoming , Ji Kaifan , Feng Song , Yang Xiao , Song Yongliang
Published: August 2023

An infrared solar spectrum observed by ground-based telescopes is seriously affected by the background radiation both from the telescope and sky, relative to the visible wavelengths. Its accuracy is also influenced by the spectral resolution of the Fourier transform spectrometer. In the paper, we developed a CO2 gas cell and installed it in the sample compartment to calibrate the spectral resolution of the Bruker IFS-125HR at infrared wavelengths. The measured spectral resolution is 0.00342 ± 0.00086 cm−1 and 0.0059 ± 0.00024 cm−1 at the wavenumbers of 798 cm−1 and 2136 cm−1, respectively. We also updated a fully reflective sunlight feeding system to observe the solar spectrum near CO 4.66 μm and Mg i 12.32 μm. By quickly pointing the sunlight feeding system about 1 degree away from the solar disk center, we are able to measure the background radiation from the telescope and the sky at Huairou Solar Observing Station. After removing the background radiation, our observed solar spectrum at CO 4.66 μm is consistent with that from the National Solar Observatory. The Mg i 12.32 μm working line selected by the Accurate Infrared Magnetic Field Measurements of the Sun (AIMS) project is also identified. Our method is helpful not only for the spectral resolution calibration and background radiation correction of AIMS but also for other infrared astronomical telescopes.
An Update of the Catalog of Radial Velocity Standard Stars from the APOGEE DR17
Authors: Li Qing-Zheng , Huang Yang , Dong Xiao-Bo , Chen Jian-Jun , Luo A-Li
Published: August 2023

We present an updated catalog of 46,753 radial velocity (RV) standard stars selected from the APOGEE DR17. These stars cover the Northern and Southern Hemispheres almost evenly, with 62% being red giants and 38% being main sequence stars. These RV standard stars are stable on a baseline longer than 200 days (with 54% longer than one year and 10% longer than five years) with a median stability better than 215 m s−1. The average number of observations of those stars is 5 and each observation is required to have signal-to-noise ratio greater than 50 and RV measurement error smaller than 500 m s−1. Based on the new APOGEE RV standard star catalog, we have checked the RV zero-points (RVZPs) for current large-scale stellar spectroscopic surveys including RAVE, LAMOST, GALAH and Gaia. By careful analysis, we estimate their mean RVZP to be +0.149 km s−1, +4.574 km s−1 (for LRS), −0.031 km s−1 and +0.014 km s−1, respectively, for the four surveys. In the RAVE, LAMOST (for MRS), GALAH and Gaia surveys, RVZP exhibits a systematic trend with stellar parameters (mainly [Fe/H], T
eff, log g, G
BP − G
RP and G
RVS). The corrections to those small but clear RVZPs are of vital importance for these massive spectroscopic surveys in various studies that require extremely high RV accuracies.
Novel developments of refractive power measurement techniques in the automotive world
Authors: Wolf Dominik Werner , Ulrich Markus , Braun Alexander
Published: August 2023

Refractive power measurements serve as the primary quality standard in the automotive glazing industry. In the light of autonomous driving new optical metrics are becoming more and more popular for specifying optical quality requirements for the windshield. Nevertheless, the link between those quantities and the refractive power needs to be established in order to ensure a holistic requirement profile for the windshield. As a consequence, traceable high-resolution refractive power measurements are still required for the glass quality assessment. Standard measurement systems using Moiré patterns for refractive power monitoring in the automotive industry are highly resolution limited, wherefore they are insufficient for evaluating the camera window area. Consequently, there is a need for more sophisticated refractive power measurement systems that provide a higher spatial resolution. In addition, a calibration procedure has to be developed in order to guarantee for the comparability of the measurement results. For increasing the resolution, a measurement setup based on an auto-correlation algorithm is tested in this paper. In order to benchmark the proposed high-resolution refractive power measurement technique, a novel laser-based setup has been realized in the Volkswagen Laser Laboratory as a reference method tuned for high-accuracy measurements. Furthermore, a calibration procedure is established by using a single reference lens with a nominal refractive power of

100

k
m

−
1

. For the calibration of the entire measurement range of the system, the lens is tilted by an inclination angle orthogonal to the optical axis. The effective refractive power is then given by the Kerkhof model. By adopting the measurement and calibration procedure presented in this paper, glass suppliers in the automotive industry will be able to detect relevant manufacturing defects within the camera window area more accurately paving the way for a holistic quality assurance of the windshield for future advanced driver-assistance system (ADAS) functionalities. Concurrently, the traceability of the measurement results is ensured by establishing a calibration chain based on a single reference lens, which is traced back to international standards.
Pupil-linked arousal modulates network-level EEG signatures of attention reorienting during immersive multitasking
Authors: Lapborisuth Pawan , Koorathota Sharath , Sajda Paul
Published: August 2023

Objective. When multitasking, we must dynamically reorient our attention between different tasks. Attention reorienting is thought to arise through interactions of physiological arousal and brain-wide network dynamics. In this study, we investigated the relationship between pupil-linked arousal and electroencephalography (EEG) brain dynamics in a multitask driving paradigm conducted in virtual reality. We hypothesized that there would be an interaction between arousal and EEG dynamics and that this interaction would correlate with multitasking performance. Approach. We collected EEG and eye tracking data while subjects drove a motorcycle through a simulated city environment, with the instructions to count the number of target images they observed while avoiding crashing into a lead vehicle. The paradigm required the subjects to continuously reorient their attention between the two tasks. Subjects performed the paradigm under two conditions, one more difficult than the other. Main results. We found that task difficulty did not strongly correlate with pupil-linked arousal, and overall task performance increased as arousal level increased. A single-trial analysis revealed several interesting relationships between pupil-linked arousal and task-relevant EEG dynamics. Employing exact low-resolution electromagnetic tomography, we found that higher pupil-linked arousal led to greater EEG oscillatory activity, especially in regions associated with the dorsal attention network and ventral attention network (VAN). Consistent with our hypothesis, we found a relationship between EEG functional connectivity and pupil-linked arousal as a function of multitasking performance. Specifically, we found decreased functional connectivity between regions in the salience network (SN) and the VAN as pupil-linked arousal increased, suggesting that improved multitasking performance at high arousal levels may be due to a down-regulation in coupling between the VAN and the SN. Our results suggest that when multitasking, our brain rebalances arousal-based reorienting so that individual task demands can be met without prematurely reorienting to competing tasks.
Preparation and Properties of Papers Added to Formaldehyde Removal Pulp
Authors: Wei Chengping , Zhao Chuanshan , Li Hui , Li Jiehua
Published: August 2023

By means of scanning electron microscope, specific surface area analysis and formaldehyde removal performance comparison, calcium carbide powder and activated carbon powder were selected from five different functional powders. The calcium carbide powder and activated carbon powder were added to the pulp to prepare the base paper added to the formaldehyde removal pulp. The amount of active carbon powder and calcium carbide powder added to the pulp, the amount of retention aid used and the ratio of the two functional powders were investigated, and the microscopic morphology, pore size and porosity of the base paper added to the formaldehyde removal pulp were analyzed. The experimental results show that the best mass ratio of kraft hardwood fiber to powder is 1:1, the best amount of retention aid (based on the fiber quality) is 0.6%, the best mass ratio of activated carbon powder to calcium carbide powder is 1:1, and the formaldehyde removal rate of the prepared formaldehyde removal pulp added with base paper is 79.53% and 82.24% in 1 and 5 hours, and the average pore size and porosity are 331.50 nm and 69.25% respectively.
Study on the application of functional nanofiber membrane in wound tissue engineering
Authors: Hou Chao , Xin Binjie , Li Tingxiao , Liu Yi
Published: August 2023

Aiming at the characteristics of wounds prone to infection and long healing period in the healing process, the functional nanofiber dressings with functions of antibacterial and anti-inflammatory, rapid healing, drug slow release, tissue replacement, and exudate absorption are introduced, combined with the wound healing process and classified by the structure of commonly used nanofiber dressings. The research progress of nanofiber dressings in recent years is outlined, as its future development direction prospects.
TSV Filling with Copper Electro-deposition by Using Sodium 3-[[(dimethylamino) thioxomethyl] thio] Propane Sulphonate
Authors: Le Yuping
Published: August 2023

Through Silicon Via (TSV) is a promising microelectronic interconnection technology in Three-D integration (3D). Three-component additives are used for non-porous TSV filling. However, various experiments must be carried out to optimize the concentrations of various additives. To avoid this costly process, Two-component additives were developed. In this paper, Sodium 3-[[(dimethylamino) thioxomethyl] thio] propane sulphonate (DPS) in the TSV filling is investigated. Only by DPS in TSV copper sulfate plating, copper ions cannot reach the bottom of the micro-hole, and copper deposits at the TSV orifice. The addition of dimethyl formamide based on the structure of MPS enhances the inhibition of DPS and may show a weak inhibition during the copper plating and filling process of TSV. 0.1 g/L DPS and 1 g/L AESS, with ampere density2 mA/cm2 and a plating time of 12 h, can obtain perfect defect-free TSV filling.
Study on the effect of porosity on properties of cyanate ester composites
Authors: Gao Aijuan , Ju Kai , Sun Xiaopeng , Tian Junxia
Published: August 2023

Cyanate ester composites have the advantages of high-temperature resistance, low moisture absorption, excellent dielectric properties, and excellent mechanical properties. It is the most promising composite of the new generation radome. The key step in forming cyanate ester composites is thermal curing. There is no relevant experimental data on the influence of porosity on the mechanical properties of cyanate ester composites. This paper studied the influence law of different porosity on the properties of cyanate ester composites. Meanwhile, the performance data of cyanate ester composites were accumulated to provide a reference for the engineering treatment of faulty parts.
Numerical simulation study on the erosion and wear of galvanized coatings on steel structures under the action of wind and sand
Authors: Deng Lijia , Zhang Kai , Chen YiSheng , Ni HeDian
Published: August 2023

A three-dimensional numerical model is established by reference to the erosion test of wind-blown sand. The erosion wears characteristics of the galvanized coating under different sand erosion conditions was studied using existing experimental data and the Oka erosion model. The research results indicate that the maximum erosion rate of galvanized coating increases at first and then decreases when the sand attack angle increase, and reaches the maximum value when the sand attack angle is 30°, reaches the maximum value when the sand attack angle is 30°; the erosion rate of galvanized coating increases exponentially with the increase of wind-blown sand velocity, and there are two erosion stages: high speed and low speed. The erosion rate of galvanized coating increases when sand flux increases. The erosion rate increases linearly with the increase of sand flux at a low attack angle but at a high attack angle, and then the growth rate becomes slower. The study’s results support the protection of steel structures and the evaluation of the durability of galvanized coatings.
Design of Microbial Corrosion Assessment Model for Protective Coatings based on Combined Weight TOPSIS
Authors: Gao Chunyu , Liu Shicheng , Zhang Chuqi
Published: August 2023

Instrumentation has a wide range of applications in various fields. In today’s rapid development of information technology and the economy, it plays an indispensable role. The application environment of instrumentation in many fields is complex and harsh. Therefore, the requirements for instrumentation materials are also more stringent. This paper mainly focuses on the special fields of aerospace, petrochemical, marine, and nuclear energy. The application status of instrumentation and its harsh application environment have been researched. This paper researched the main corrosion failure modes of instrumentation materials, and put forward suggestions and solutions for corrosion protection methods.
Strength Analysis of Corroded Seawater Pipeline Based on Finite Element Method
Authors: Wang Xiaoqiang , Cai Guoji , Zhou Yazhuo , Han Ziqiang
Published: August 2023

The residual strength of corroded defective pipelines is an important manifestation of pipeline-bearing capacity. The change of residual strength of Q235 steel and B10 Cu-Ni alloy pipeline caused by the change of defect depth, length, and width in the case of grooved corrosion defect was analyzed and studied by the finite element method. The results show that the effect of corrosion defect depth on the residual strength is greater than the defect length and width. At the same time, Q235 steel has better pressure-bearing performance than B10 Cu-Ni alloy.
Simulation and analysis of hot cylindrical flow forming process of titanium alloy
Authors: Lu Honggang , Guan Ruoyang , Huang Tao , Guo Yaming , Zheng Yuan
Published: August 2023

The spinning process of cylindrical titanium alloy parts was studied using a three-dimensional model and finite element simulation. The forming conditions and stress changes under different spinning process parameters have been analyzed. Based on the numerical simulation test, the blank’s state in the processing process is analyzed and predicted, providing a process reference for the spinning trial.