bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ANALYSIS OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND AUTOMATION AND ROBOTISATION OF PROCESSES AS FACTORS INFLUENCING STRUCTURAL CHANGES IN EMPLOYMENT IN INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTION
Authors: Sylpaczuk Arkadiusz , Żynda Michał
Published: April 2019

Objective Determining impact which Artificial Intelligence, Robotization and Automation have and will continue to have on the labour market in the processing industry.  

Method Literature review, statistical data and data from industry reports. Deduction and comparative analysis. 

Results In the course of the work, a review of the literature on the subject was carried out and the issue of artificial intelligence, as well as robotization and automation of production was defined, and in addition, it has been demonstrated how important factor of production is labour. It presents examples of the use of artificial intelligence in the modern economy and presents the probability of replacing human work by artificial intelligence systems. Data from research reports and statistical analyses were used in the context of labour market analysis in industries and economies with the highest degree of automation and robotization. Conclusions were presented, which implement the set objective and are the basis for conducting research in the areas indicated by the authors.  

In the course of work, we defined what the labour is, its productivity and measurement methods. Data from research reports were presented, showing the probability of changes in the labour market in relation to specific occupations, due to the use of artificial intelligence. The relationship between artificial intelligence and process automation and robotization is described. The above-mentioned studies allowed the authors to demonstrate some important relations between the described factors. 

Keywords: labour productivity, artificial intelligence, robotization and automation 

JEL Classification: J01, O12, O30
INVESTMENT EFFICIENCY OF LIFE INSURANCE COMPANIES IN GERMANY: APPLICATION OF A TWO-STAGE SBM
Authors: Krupa Thomas , Farbarzevics Kirils , Salame Bassam
Published: April 2019

Purpose – To prove the robustness of the efficiency-measuring model against potentially system-relevant disturbances to company variables such as SIZE, ROA, solvency and organizational form.

Methodology – In the first stage, the established model is applied using the SBM to measure insurance efficiency. The underlying data sets are from the twenty biggest life insurance companies (2008-2017) in Germany. In the second stage, the established model is examined for its robustness against disturbance variables. Several disturbance variables are introduced individually to the system and examined for their influence by three econometric methods, Tobit regression, OLS and the fixed-effect model. This approach allows a comparative analysis of the results with respect to the systemic relevance of every added variable. In the end, the accuracy of the second stage is compared through the Spearman test.

Findings – The comparative analysis of all three econometric techniques brought ROA as an efficiency-influencing variable. Furthermore, both proved econometric models Tobit and OLS are SBM-suitable with cross-sectional data. Further evidence for SBM compatibility are found for Tobit and the fixed-effect model with panel data. 

JEL classification: C510, C520
ОПТИМІЗАЦІЯ ПРОЦЕСУ ВИБОРУ МІСЦЯ РОЗТАШУВАННЯ СОНЯЧНИХ ЕЛЕКТРОСТАНЦІЙ З ВИКОРИСТАННЯМ ГІС-АНАЛІЗУ
Authors: Butenko O. , Zvyaschenko K. , Buravchenko K. , Nikitin A.
Published: April 2019

В статті представлені основні засади щодо оптимізації процесу вибору місця розташування сонячних електростанцій за рахунок комплексного підходу до вибору критеріїв проведення геопросторового аналізу територій. Проаналізовані всі основні показники, які впливають на вибір. Проведено математичні розрахунки значень необхідних вхідних факторів для оптимізації процесу вибору місця розташування сонячної електростанції. Обґрунтовано розділення територія України на основні зони сонячного потенціалу Сформовані матриці неточностей з похибками між еталонними та вхідними значеннями. Обрано фактори найбільшого ступеню впливу на оптимальний вибір місця розташування сонячних панелей за інвертованим алгоритмом Флойда — Уоршелла. Приведена методика формування вирішальних правил щодо вибору місця розташування на основі відповідності статистичних показників значенням побудованої шкали відповідності якісних оцінок приналежності кожного фактора до однієї з трьох груп приналежності до виділених зон. Представлено метод оптимального вибору місця розташування під сонячні електростанції. Розглянуто математичний алгоритм для вибору оптимальної території під будівництво сонячних електростанцій(СЕС) та перевірено адекватність представленого методу шляхом порівняльного аналізу з реальними даними. Показано доцільність використання геоінформаційних технологій і методів ГІС-аналізу при побудові картографічних моделей при сумісному використанні даних космічного моніторингу та статистичних даних.
МЕТОД ОПРЕДЕЛЕНИЯ ЗАКОНА РАСПРЕДЕЛЕНИЯ ПОКАЗАТЕЛЕЙ КАЧЕСТВА ИЗДЕЛИЙ КАК СЛУЧАЙНОЙ ВЕЛИЧИНЫ
Authors: Trishch R. , Denysenko А. , Cherniak O.
Published: April 2019

Целью статьи является создание метода определения закона распределения случайной величины не требующего большого количества выборочных данных и обеспечивающего достаточную надежность расчета. В статье рассмотрены существующие подходы идентификации вида закона распределения показателей качества изделий. Предлагается метод идентификации закона распределения случайных величин показателей качества изделий с использованием теории порядковых статистик. Экспериментально доказано, что предложенный метод позволит определить закон распределения при малом количестве статистических данных. Математическая модель реализована с помощью доступного и простого компьютерного математического пакета Mapl 9 для определения, из какого закона из трех: нормального, равномерного или Симпсона произведена выборка. Для реализации метода предлагается методика идентификации закона распределения.
МЕТРИЧЕСКОЕ ОЦЕНИВАНИЕ УПРАВЛЕНИЯ ВЫПОЛНЕНИЕМ ТРЕБОВАНИЙ К ПРОГРАММНОМУ ОБЕСПЕЧЕНИЮ ИУС АЭС ДЛЯ V-ОБРАЗНОЙ МОДЕЛИ ЖИЗНЕННОГО ЦИКЛА
Authors: Andrashov A. , Gordieiev A. , Kovalenko A. , Kharchenko V.
Published: April 2019

Рассматривается подход к метрическому оцениванию управления выполнением требований к программному обеспечению (ПО) информационно-управляющих систем (ИУС) атомных электростанций (АЭС) в соответствии с Vобразной моделью жизненного цикла разработки ПО. Предлагается ряд метрик оценивания выполнения требований, которые могут быть использованы для управления требованиями. Приведен расчет предлагаемых метрик для реальных примеров оценивания управления требованиями к функциональной безопасности. Предложенный поход позволяет описать наилучшие варианты распределения требований по этапам модели ЖЦ, определить точки возврата в жизненном цикле для каждого из требований, а также вариантов его невыполнения. Это, в свою очередь, позволяет управлять выполнением требований, в частности, определять различные сценарии возврата (влияющие на полноту проверок) и виды соответствующих корректирующих воздействий с целью снижения проектных затрат. Предложенный набор метрик является частью инструментария для проверки выполнения требований к функциональной безопасности и был использован при выполнении проекта лицензирования платформы RadICS на соответствие требованиям стандарта IEC61508/SIL3.
THE APPLICATION OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES DURING MAINTENANCE TO ENSURE THE RELIABILITY OF THE OPERATION OF AVIATION EQUIPMENT
Authors: Nesterenko K. , Rahulin S. , Syroizhka I. , Dmitriev О. , Zhivitsky N. , Sharabaiko A.
Published: April 2019

During the operation of aviation equipment, is carried out a set of works concerning the support and renewal of its serviceability and efficient condition, if necessary and possible. These tasks are solved with the help of information systems during aviation equipment maintenance. If necessary and possible, during the aviation equipment operation, is carried out a work package concerning the support and renewal, of its operative and serviceable condition. These tasks are solved with the help of IT solutions during the aviation equipment maintenance. Aircraft maintenance is an important component of the aviation system which ensures the functioning of aviation throughout the world. Insofar as the air traffic performance grows, and the tough requirements for maintaining the schedule of commercial flights necessitate the need to increase the intensity of aircraft usage. Also is continued the toughening of requirements for the timeliness of maintenance.
АНАЛІЗ ПРОБЛЕМ І МОЖЛИВОСТЕЙ ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ БЕЗПЕКИ WEB-ЗАСТОСУНКІВ, СТВОРЕНИХ ЗА ДОПОМОГОЮ СИСТЕМ КЕРУВАННЯ ВМІСТОМ
Authors: Tetskyi A.
Published: April 2019

Дослідження процесів отримання несанкціонованого доступу в системах керування вмістом являє науковий інтерес і дає можливість розробляти ефективні способи захисту від вторгнень. Предметом дослідження є процеси оцінювання та забезпечення безпеки Web-застосунків, створених за допомогою систем керування вмістом. Метою статті є визначення проблем оцінювання і забезпечення безпеки Web-застосунків. Результати. Показано особливості використання систем керування вмістом в якості об'єкта дослідження проблем безпеки. Визначено основні причини успішних атак Web-застосунків. Наведені приклади існуючих методів тестування безпеки, визначено їх переваги та недоліки. Запропоновано комплекс дій, спрямованих на зниження ймовірності успішної атаки. Висновок. Визначено проблеми оцінювання та забезпечення безпеки Web-застосунків. Зумовлено необхідність створення методів для вирішення проблем, показано взаємозв'язок вирішуваних завдань.
ANALYSIS OF TECHNICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE RADIOELECTRONIC INTELLIGENCE OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
Authors: Hordiichuk V. , Sergienko V. , Mishchenko A. , Shyshatskyi A. , Pozdniakov P.
Published: April 2019

One of the most important characteristics of radiocommunication systems and facilities that operate in the conditions of radio-electronic suppression is their secrecy, which is the ability of systems and radio communications to withstand the actions of radio-intelligence. Radiotechnical intelligence provides consistent execution of three main tasks: the detection of the fact of the operation of the system (devices) of radio communication (signal detection); determination of the structure of the detected signal and its basic parameters; disclosure of the information contained in the signal. Taking into account the Operations of the Joint Forces in the East of Ukraine caused by the armed aggression of the Russian Federation, an urgent question is raised regarding the analysis of the technical characteristics of the radio-electronic intelligence systems for determining the operation of the radiocommunication equipment of the Armed Forces of Ukraine and the structure of the type of signals used. The authors of this article conducted an analysis of the technical characteristics of the radio-electronic intelligence systems of the Russian Armed Forces to determine the operation of the radiocommunication equipment of the Armed Forces of Ukraine and the structure of the type of signals used. During the research, the authors used the basic provisions of the theory of communication, the theory of electronic warfare, the theory of signals and general scientific methods of analysis and synthesis. According to the results of the research, the following conclusions can be drawn: the frequency range of the electronic intelligence facilities of the Russian Armed Forces is much larger than the frequency range of the radiocommunication facilities of the Armed Forces of Ukraine and technically developed countries of the world; classical methods of increasing impedance and secrecy such as pseudo-random reconstruction of the operating frequency is not able to provide a given level of secrecy. In view of this, the direction of further research should be considered the development of scientific and methodical apparatus for increasing the structural secrecy of radio communications based on the use of time-signal structures.
ОЦІНКА НАДІЙНОСТІ БАГАТОРЕЖИМНИХ ТЕХНІЧНИХ ОБ’ЄКТІВ
Authors: Sakovich L. , Krykhovetskyi G. , Nebesna Y.
Published: April 2019

Мета статті – підвищення точності кількісної оцінки наробітку на відмову багаторежимних технічних об’єктів. Результати. У статті запропоновано підхід до кількісної оцінки значення наробітку на відмову багаторежимних технічних об’єктів, до яких відносяться засоби спеціального зв’язку. У відомих роботах під час розрахунку надійності цю обставину не враховують, що веде до заниження значення наробітку на відмову. Завдання вирішується впровадженням коефіцієнту використання кожного конструктивного елементу виробу в усіх можливих режимах роботи. Приведено приклад використання отриманих результатів для кількісної оцінки наробітку на відмову багаторежимного об’єкту і показано ефект від уточнення розрахунків. Висновки. Традиційна оцінка наробітку на відмову технічних об’єктів без врахування їх багаторежимності занижує значення цього показника надійності. Отримані результати доцільно використовувати під час проектування перспективних засобів спеціального зв’язку при оцінці їх наробітку на відмову, що дозволить зменшити вартість виробів за рахунок раціонального вибору елементів багаторежимних об’єктів. В дійсний час відомі залежності впливу метрологічної надійності засобів вимірювальної техніки на середній час технічного обслуговування та поточного ремонту засобів спеціального зв’язку, що також необхідно враховувати під час оцінки значень показників надійності об’єктів зі змінною структурою.
FOUNDATION OF THE FACTORS AFFECTING THE PLANNING AND MANAGEMENT OF THE RADIOELECTRONIC DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Yakhno I. , Malyk O. , Hatsenko S. , Shyshatskyi A.
Published: April 2019

The military-political situation around Ukraine is characterized by high dynamism and instability of events and processes. Against the background of the main task of the Armed Forces of Ukraine at the present stage of development is the intensification of intelligence in order to timely prevent the top leadership of Ukraine about possible armed aggression of the Russian Federation, bringing its troops (forces) to higher levels of combat readiness and preventing the active actions of illegal armed groups. Providing information superiority over the enemy today is becoming a prerequisite for conducting military operations. The main type of information support is military intelligence, and its basis is radio-electronic intelligence. The authors of the above-mentioned research carried out an analysis of the influence of external and internal factors influencing the efficiency of conducting radio-electronic intelligence. During the research, the authors used the basic provisions of the theory of radio-electronic intelligence, the theory of communication, the theory of electronic warfare, the theory of signals, and general scientific methods of analysis and synthesis. According to the results of the research, it can be concluded that the effectiveness of conducting radio-electronic intelligence is influenced by the state and level of combat training and combat readiness of the personnel of the radio-intelligence group; operational and technical capabilities of electronic intelligence tools and communication of the forces; the need to move a forces of radio-electronic intelligence; fire influence of the enemy; restrictions that take into account the influence of electronic warfare devices; natural, meteorological, geographical conditions, and so on. The influence of these factors leads to an incomplete realization of the objective capabilities of the forces of radio-electronic intelligence, and in a number of cases, to their significant decrease. Taking into account the above, the direction of further research should be considered the development of a scientific and methodical apparatus for improving the efficiency of conducting radio-electronic intelligence by the forces of radio-electronic intelligence.
FROM IVAN BOBERSKYI’S LETTERS TO OSTAP HRYTSAI
Authors: Mytsyk Yurii , Tarasenko Inna
Published: April 2019

The article analyses the correspondence of Ivan Boberskyi’s public-political figure with writer Ostap Hrytsai. The author of the publication provides brief information about the authors of the letters and the history of archival collections, where these documents were stored. The letters show the great work of Ukrainian emigration in preserving the national historical heritage. They point out the last period of Boberskyi’s life, which is almost unknown to researchers. From them it is clear, that he continued patriotic work for the benefit of Ukraine, and, in particular, he took care to preserve his archives and archives of the Ukrainian Sichovi Striltsi (USS), which collected for a long time “protocols, notes, letters, plates from the picture in the field, photographs, magazines, prints, books”. Letters shed light on the still unknown circumstances of life and work of Ivan Boberskyi, his strong ties with Ostap Hrytsai. Their content broadens the idea of activity in interwar Ukrainian emigration, primarily in Vienna.
Interview records of Ukrainian Humanitarian Intellectuals in 1920–1930s found in the archive-investigation cases: analysis and interpretation
Authors: Bon Oleksander
Published: April 2019

This article analyses the important documents on repression of the Ukrainian humanitarian intellectuals in 1920-1930s. A very sophisticated source of research, archive-investigation cases of the repressed, is analysed. The investigation cases of Yevheniia Spaska, Fedor Kozubovskyi, Mykhailo Kozoris reflect how important the interview records of Ukrainian humanitarians were for framing up cases. The article
examines the ways in which historical facts can be proved being authentic. Because the records of the interviews were used for terror, there is a problem of identifying the authenticity of an information in those records. It is defined that the extent of probability that some events happened in reality depends on the time period. At times of the highest activity of repressive activities the credibility of facts decline significantly as the cases could not be investigated properly and because of significant falsification. The probability of some facts truthfulness rises when they do not relate to the essence of the case, for instance, Yevhenia Spaska mentioned about her brothers who had been fighting for the White Movement and immigrated thereafter. If the subject of a charge does not respond to the social estate of the defendant, the facts have been falsified. The archaeologist Fedir Kozubovskyi was charged with a participation in a terroristic organisation. To determine credibility of the information in the records of the interviews the other cases on rehabilitation are used. Mykhailo Kozoris’ case is a striking example on illegal ways of evidence collection in times of rehabilitation. Those materials, which were lacking for one case, were falsified as obtained in other cases.
Does Kyiv need further decolonization and derusification of urban intellectual space?
Authors: Hyrych Ihor
Published: April 2019

The article deals with the actual question of building the cultural landscape of Kyiv through the toponymic renewal of its spatial components. The author refers to the experience of other countries of Eastern Europe, in particular Poland, to analyse the process of renaming the streets and squares of the capital of Ukraine. He evaluates what has been done to change the place names of Kyiv in recent times. At the same time, the article demonstrates how incomplete and unsystematic the renaming process in Kyiv was. The author points out to the preservation of the Soviet-nostalgic discourse in the name of the streets and squares of the city. Attention is focused on such issues as perpetuating the names of public, political, and educational figures, whose activities contributed to the design of the so called “Ukrainian” Kyiv at the turn of the 19th–20th centuries. There were especially the representatives of socio-political movement in the second half of 19th century and people who distinguished themselves in the period of national-liberation struggle. It is proved, that a meaningful sense of urban place names form the basis of symbolic cultural landscape of Kyiv. It promotes the designation of “places of memory” in the city and accelerates the processes of decolonization and de-communization of its intellectual space.
The establishment of gender principles in education in japan at the beginning of the 20th century
Authors: Sagan Galyna , Semekha Ganna
Published: April 2019

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Home > No 1 (7) (2018) > Sagan
THE ESTABLISHMENT OF GENDER PRINCIPLES IN EDUCATION IN JAPAN AT THE BEGINNING OF THE 20TH CENTURY
Galyna Sagan, Ganna Semekha

Abstract

Now the principle of gender equality is a well-established phenomenon in the educational scheme of Japan. Starting from secondary and higher education, there is practically no difference in the ratio of enrollment of students between men and women. However, historically, especially at the beginning of the formation of the modern education system, the opportunities for girls to get education were less favorable than for boys. Even in the compulsory primary school, the frequency of girls attending educational institutions was very low. Access to secondary education for girls was also limited. The situation began to change at the turn of the 19–20 centuries. In Japan, a number of laws were passed
that opened the doors of educational institutions for girls. In September 1872, the Law on Education was passed, which introduced compulsory primary education for all. Representatives of all social groups, as well as women received the right to education. According to this law, by 1880, 25,000 primary schools should be created in the country. It is important to remember that then almost all children began to attend school. At that time, foreign specialists are actively involved, who help to adapt to the new system, and teach in schools. Education along with military service and the taxes payment became the third important duty of the Japanese. Japan has achieved gender equality in education, at least provided equal opportunities for access to every level of education. There was an imbalance in the gender distribution of students at some faculties and departments in higher education institutions. Thus, for example, women were prevailing in the field of education, literature, nursing, men were prevailing in science and technology. However, thereafter, the number of female students specializing in science and technology substantially increased. Today, many girls are studying at the National Defense Academy and the University of Marine Science and Technology. All this became possible thanks to the reforms that the Japanese educational system began in the early twentieth century
Activity of Valeriia O’Connor-Vilinska in emigration (1918–1930)
Authors: Gula Oksana
Published: April 2019

The article examines the literary and social activities of a Ukrainian writer, translator Valeriia O’ConnorVilinska in emigration. It analyses semantic content of her works that trace the author’s political position, her attitude to the Ukrainian culture and literature. Valeriia O’Connor-Vilinska was a prominent writer, playwright, public figure, one of the cofounders of the Ukrainian Central Rada, a member of the Terminology Commission of the Ukrainian Academy of Economics in Podebrady. Her activity had a great impact on to the interwar Ukrainian emigration in Czechoslovakia. Besides, her activity in the theatre field was widely known not only in Ukraine but also abroad, and children’s plays, stories created by her are still popular nowadays. Therefore, according to development of studies related to the social, cultural and political activities of women in Ukraine, it is necessary to analyse the role and the place of the Ukrainian writer, translator Valeriia O’Connor-Vilinska in this process.
The official career of Chodecki’s brothers in the Ruthenian lands of the Crown of the Kingdom Poland in the middle of 15th — the first third of the 16th centuries
Authors: Piankova Yelyzaveta
Published: April 2019

The article is devoted to the members of the family of Chodecki and their official career in the Ruthenian lands of the Kingdom of Poland (the Ruthenian and the Podolian voivodeships) in the second half of the 15th till the first third of the 16th centuries. Since the crown law was spread in the 30s of the 14th century on to the Rus’ lands as an equal part of the Polish Crown, the local noble communities were getting adapted to the succeeding legal norms. According to the new-created administrative-territorial units
as an Ruthenian and Podolian voivodeships in 1434, the process of implementing the local political elites into the structure of the official hierarchy, which was different from the structure in the Greater or Lesser Poland, has been increasingly commenced. In this case, the analysis of the official career of the nobles, the Chodecki brothers, in particular, give us a whole view of the number of their offices, what position they had in all hierarchy and how much it was highly respected among the nobility. The article presents the factors which determined the election for the brother’s offices of Voivode of Ruthenian voivodeship and Grand Marshal of the Crown and the issue which was connected with the advancement of their official careers. It also shows the social position and financial status of Chodecki’s family as well as their affiliation with a particular group of the nobles. Additionally, attention was drawn to the significant differences between the analyzed years of centuries regarding the course of brother’s official careers which they have held during the reign of the following Kings.
Latin America as a region of the contradiction of the USA and Germany interests during the First World War
Authors: Kazakov Gennady
Published: April 2019

In the article, the author considers the issues of the collision of interests of the United States of America and Germany in the Latin American region during the First World War. The confrontation had a diplomatic character and consisted in refusing to “penetrate” German capital and the physical presence of German troops in the countries of the Latin American region. According to the official American political ideology of pan-Americanism, there was a tacit agreement that the United States did not interfere in the affairs of Europe, and Europe, in turn, did not try to penetrate the American continent, leaving it in the sphere of the USA influence. With the beginning of the First World War, the German presence in the region increased. Moreover, the American government, on the contrary, proposed to close the American continent for citizens of European states. The main issue caused to controversy between the USA and Germany was the use of Latin American ports as temporary parking, as well as the strengthening of trade relations between the countries of South America and Germany. In the course of such actions by the American administration, Germany lost the Latin American market. The above events led to tweaking German agents, government of countries from this region against the United States. This was particularly evident in the Mexican issue, where the German government supported the opposition bloc, and then tried to persuade Mexico to declare war on the United States. The conduct of the Pan-American Conference strengthened the role of the United States in the countries of the region and led to the displacement of Germany from the region. While writing the article we come to the conclusion that the contradictions arose in the region became one of the most important reasons for the declaration of war against Germany by the USA government.
The canons of appearance and organization of leisure for teachers of provincial towns and villages of the Ukrainian SSR in the 1945–1980s
Authors: Kuzmenko Yuliia , Korpas Olha
Published: April 2019

Education system of the USSR gave the great opportunities for formation of a new type of person — Homo Sovieticus. So, the teacher was supposed to be an ideal of communist morality. The Communist Party has always followed the personal lives of teachers. Teacher’s appearance has always been clearly regulated. Clothing, hairstyle, make-up was canonically restrained. Leisure was focused on self-education or socially useful activity.
The purpose of this publication is an illustration of Soviet teacher`s appearance (clothes, hairstyle, make-up, accessories) and leisure activities. So, the research is based on archival materials, memoirs and previous studies. Having analysed the memoirs and previous studies, the author makes the following conclusions. In the USSR, the appearance of the teacher was not assessed in terms of fashion or style, but in terms
of purity, modesty and precision. In the first postwar years there was a big shortage of clothing. Male teachers continued to wear military uniforms. Women dressed simple dresses, mostly dark colours. Since the 1960s, when the fashion began to penetrate the USSR, teachers also followed the trends. It was possible to make a fashionable hairstyle, to wear fashionable clothes. Widespread form of leisure was the watching movies in the cinema. Widespread were also active holidays, sports, walks in parks, reading
books and newspapers. Such aspects of the life of Soviet teachers as appearance and leisure are not studied enough. At the same time, this topic is promising. Scientific research can be supplemented with a large number of archival materials and photos. Besides, during the further study of this topic it should be used the method of oral
history.
Quality of Life of Kuzbass Coal Industry Workers
Authors: Raudina Svetlana N. , Semenikhin Victor A. , Petrov Andrey G.
Published: April 2019

The study of the quality of life (QoL) in medicine is recognized worldwide, its scientific study is also recognized as a priority.

Aim. To study the quality of life of workers in the Kuzbass coal industry, who are exposed to physical factors, as well as to assess the severity and degree of influence of diseases on QoL.

Methods. The method of QoL assessment was based on of individual QoL assessment and the rationing of intensive indicators. For the subjective assessment of the severity of symptoms of the occupational disease (OD) and the effect of these symptoms on QoL, we used the questionnaire method, recommended by Dyakovich M.P. and Kazakova P.V. (2013).

Results. The study of individual QoL included 400 miners with OD, caused by exposure to physical factors. We found that among the low indices, reflecting determination of quality of life of workers in the coal industry, satisfaction with the past was the highest. Indices of satisfaction with the future were the lowest. The predominance of subjective positive over negative was possibly related to social satisfaction.

The study involved a group of 98 patients, who had symptoms of diseases, caused by exposure to physical factors. Subjective assessment of patients with sensorineural hearing loss (SHL) revealed a significant effect of symptoms of the disease on QoL, especially with regard to symptoms that worsened their psycho-emotional state, which might further lead to impairments and disabilities.

Conclusion. Evaluation of individual QoL, as well as the severity of the symptoms and their effect on QoL, helps correctly diagnose the patient’s personal response to the disease, and to evaluate the effectiveness of treatment. In the future, doctors can use the received information when developing rehabilitation measures.
Nootropic and Adaptogenic Effect of Combined Use of Cortexin with Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Concentrate under Experimental Dislipidemia
Authors: Sangadieva Tatyana I. , Lamazhapova Galina P. , Syngeeva Erzhena V.
Published: April 2019

Background.We studied the effect of combined application of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid concentrate, based on seals fat, with parenteral administration of brain cortex polypeptide preparation on cognitive-research reactions and adaptation of rats under experimental hyperlipidemia. The composition of the myelin sheaths of neurons is represented by a protein-lipid complex, which is a part of the cell membrane, the imbalance of which leads to a number of neurological diseases.

The aim of the study was to confirm experimentally that the combined use of drugs, based on essential polyunsaturated fatty acids and polypeptides, would influence more effectively on neurometabolic processes in neurons, compared to their application separately.

Materials and methods.Wistar rats were used. They were on a special atherogenic diet to build the model of hypercholesterolemia. The pharmacological effects of drugs were evaluated in the Open Field and Morris Water Maze tests.

Results.The study found that in rats, who received a combination of polyunsaturated fatty acids concentrate with Cortexin injections, and undergoing atherogenic diet, the overall motor activity increased significantly in the Open field test, at the same time the number of acts of defecation and grooming decreased. The Morris Water Maze test results indicated an increase in the level of spatial memory and orientation, which shows a high level of adaptability and adaptation to new conditions, a decrease in the level of anxiety.

Conclusions.The results demonstrated a more pronounced and prolonged nootropic and adaptogenic action of the complex use in comparison with the use of the studied agents as monotherapy.
Functional State of the Thyroid Gland and Lipid Peroxidation and Antioxidant Protection System in Women of Reproductive Age with Chronic Form of Parenteral Viral Hepatitis
Authors: Rashidova Maria A. , Sholokhov Leonid F. , Darenskaya Marina A. , Kolesnikova Lyubov I.
Published: April 2019

Background. Chronic viral hepatitis is a complex global problem and is still far from being solved. Many researchers point out influence of viral hepatitis on the reproductive system of women.

Aim. To identify features of the functional state of pituitary-thyroid units of neuroendocrinal regulation, and to evaluate lipid peroxidation – antioxidant protection with determination of the oxidative stress coefficient in perimenopausal women with chronic form of hepatitis.

Materials and methods. Study included 44 women with chronic viral hepatitis and 28 healthy women of the same age. Immunoabsorbent, spectrophotometric, fluorometric and statistical methods were used.

Results. In patients with chronic viral hepatitis, we detected an increase in thyroxine levels – by 29.6% (р < 0.001) and free triiodothyronine values – by 65.7% (р = 0.008) in comparison with the control group. In the group with chronic viral hepatitis, the TBA-reactive products level increased by 1.9 times (р = 0.006), and superoxide dismutase activity decreased by 1.3 times (р < 0.001), total antioxidant activity – by 1.7 times (р < 0.001) and α-tocopherol level – by 1.3 times (р = 0.005) in comparison with the control group.

Conclusions. The obtained data demonstrate the features of the pituitary-thyroid system functioning and the lipid peroxidation – antioxidant protection system in patients with chronic hepatitis. The chronic form of hepatitis is characterized by metabolic disorders that require a more careful approach in diagnosis and management.
Interaction of Drugs Used for the Treatment of Cardiovascular Diseases
Authors: Kovalskaya Galina N. , Zhukova Dina Y. , Mikhalevich Ekaterina N.
Published: April 2019

Combined therapy in cardiology is currently the most recognized method of treatment, especially in patients with hypertension. Approximately in 50 % of patients with hypertension, monotherapy is effective. However to achieve the desired effect in the remaining half of patients, simultaneous administration of two and sometimes three drugs is required. Numerous drugs with a fixed combination of two (and even three) antihypertensive drugs, often used in clinical practice, greatly simplify the dosage regimen of drugs and improve patients’ adherence to treatment. Unfortunately, simultaneous prescription of several drugs increases sharply the probability of inter-drug interaction with the increase in the number of prescribed drugs. The result of drug-drug intereaction may be unpredictable. Therefore, the ability to predict the possible adverse reactions in patients with cardiovascular diseases and to prescribe rationally combined pharmacotherapy is a guarantee of highly efficient and safe treatment.

Currently, rational combinations of antihypertensive drugs of different groups make hypertension therapy more comfortable and increases patients’ adherence to treatment. The authors present topical combinations of antihypertensive drugs in one drug: angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor + diuretic, β-adrenoblocker + diuretic; diuretic + angiotensin receptor antagonist; calcium antagonist + angiotensin receptor antagonist; calcium antagonist + β-adrenoblocker, and others.

The article presents an overview of both rational (calcium antagonist + diuretic, β-adrenoblocker + diuretic,) and irrational (angiotensin converting enzyme Inhibitor + potassium-sparing diuretic, angiotensin receptor blocker + potassium-sparing diuretic) combinations of antihypertensive drugs. Combinations of some hypotensive and antianginal drugs with drugs of other groups with a high risk of adverse reactions are presented.
A COPULA-BASED APPROACH TO INVESTIGATE VERTICAL SHOCK PRICE TRANSMISSION IN THE ITALIAN HOG MARKET
Authors: Capitanio Fabian , Adinolfi Felice , Goodwin Barry K. , Rivieccio Giorgia
Published: April 2019

It is a stylized fact that the Italian farmers do not benefit of casual structure along value chain. Conversely, retailers could advantage of any positive shock price changes occurred in the wholesale supply chain. We investigate the presence of shock price vertical contagion in the Italian hog market, describing the dependence structure along the supply chain and assessing the degree of extreme value dependence. The approach followed is non linear and copula-based, applied on weekly data of hog price changes referred to Italian farm, wholesale and retail branch chain, over the period 1994-2015. In particular, the objective of the analysis consists in to obtain a measure of the relationship between extreme events of returns, estimating the tail dependence coefficients of copula functions involved in the analysis. The empirical findings highlight the asymmetry of price transmission along the hog Italian supply chain, more relevant for wholesale–retail pair.
EAU ET CHANGEMENT CLIMATIQUE : QUELLES STRATÉGIES D’ADAPTATION POUR LA GESTION DE L’EAU D’IRRIGATION DANS LE SUD-EST TUNISIEN
Authors: Mahdhi Naceur , Sghaier Mongi , Fouzai Ayoub , Kadri Nesrine
Published: April 2019

The objective of this study was to identify the different irrigators’ strategies and to analyze the economic profitability of irrigated production systems in relation to adaptations to the scarcity of groundwater resources in a context of climate change in the South east of Tunisian. Based on surveys of 190 irrigated farms, this research shows that eighty-five percent (85%) of respondents clearly perceive climate change in southeastern Tunisia. These changes result in a decrease and an increasing irregularity of the rains, a disruption of the winter season, a greater frequency of pockets of drought and the decrease of the piezometric level of the water tables. In response to these changes, irrigators have adopted adaptation strategies, the most common of which are: offensive strategy or “chasing”, defensive strategy and contractive strategy. These strategies include various adaptation measures such as annual cleaning and deepening of wells, the use of water saving, the change of the cropping system and the reduction of irrigated area. These readjustments for most of the measures adopted by the irrigators have an impact on the elements of their operating account. In addition, offensive and defensive strategies appear to be the most economically profitable types of adaptation at the 1% level. Knowledge of different adaptation strategies and their economic returns enables adaptation options to be identified that are both realistic in terms of implementation and ambitious in terms of their objectives, and help develop priorities for adaptation of water resources for irrigation.
A RICARDIAN ANALYSIS OF THE IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON PERMANENT CROPS IN A MEDITERRANEAN REGION
Authors: Migliore Giuseppina , Zinnanti Cinzia , Schimmenti Emanuele , Borsellino Valeria , Schifani Giorgio , Di Franco Caterina Patrizia , Asciuto Antonio
Published: April 2019

This is the first study which explores the impact of climate change in Sicily, a small Mediterranean region of Southern Europe. According to research, Mediterranean area has shown large climate shifts in the last century and it has been identified as one of the most prominent “Hot-Spots” in future climate change projections. Since agriculture is an economic activity which strongly depends on climate setting and is particularly responsive to climate changes, it is important to understand how such changes may affect agricultural profitability in the Mediterranean region. The aim of the present study is to assess the expected impact of climate change on permanent crops cultivated in Sicilian region (Southern Italy). By using data from Farm Accountancy Data Network and Ensembles climatic projections for 2021-2050 period, we showed that the impact of climate change is prominent in this region. However, crops respond to climatic variations in a different manner, highlighting that unlike the strong reduction in profitability of grapevine and citrus tree, the predicted average Net Revenue of olive tree is almost the same as in the reference period (1961-1990).
SHORT FOOD SUPPLY CHAINS FROM A SOCIAL MEDIA MARKETING PERSPECTIVE: A CONSUMER-ORIENTED STUDY IN SPAIN
Authors: Elghannam Ahmed , Mesias Francisco
Published: April 2019

The increasing use of internet, especially the proliferation of social networks has offered companies of all sectors the opportunity to keep in contact with their consumers; getting their feedbacks and complains on a daily basis and even to create short online chains enabling consumers to buy their products. This trend is found to be rather limited in the case of food products. The main objective of this article is to deal with consumer’s perceptions towards the potential use of social media to create online short supply chains for food. Projective techniques (Sentence completion tasks) have been used in this study. As, they allow researchers to uncover motivations, emotions and beliefs that drive consumer’s perception and behavior which may not be detected by straightforward questioning. The findings of this study have allowed to obtain insight into those aspects that consumers regard as opportunities or barriers of such potential short food chains. The main aspect is to put food enterprises in the picture about what is going on in consumer’s mind. This might open new possibilities for food businesses to develop a new short food chain.
COMBATTING FOOD INSECURITY AND RURAL POVERTY THROUGH ENHANCING SMALL-SCALE FAMILY FARMING IN THE NEAR EAST AND NORTH AFRICA
Authors: Impiglia Alfredo , Lewis Phoebe
Published: April 2019

The Near East North Africa (NENA) region is exposed to a series of interconnected challenges that impede agriculture and therefore food security and poverty reduction. The economic growth rate in the NENA region has stagnated at two percent per year since 1990. Meanwhile, unemployment rates remain high, especially amongst youth with 28.2 percent unemployment in the Middle East and 30.5 percent in North Africa. These trends present challenges for the region, especially given its high population growth rate, which is above the global average, at 2 percent per year compared with 1.2 percent globally. While the population is growing, the unemployment rates suggest that the transition towards inclusive economic growth has not taken hold.

Around 43 percent of the NENA region’s population live in rural areas, which in turn are highly affected by the poverty that results from exclusion from the region’s economic growth; 70 percent of the region’s poor currently live in rural areas and are largely dependent on agriculture for their livelihoods. Many of these are small-scale family farmers. The region, in turn, is even more dependent on small-scale farmers who generate 80 percent of the region’s agricultural production. They are therefore essential to NENA’s pathway out of food insecurity and poverty.
Examining the factor structure and validity of the triarchic model of psychopathy across measures
Authors: Lynam Donald , Miller Josh , Collison Katherine
Published: April 2019

The triarchic model of psychopathy proposes three distinct trait domains underlying psychopathy: boldness, meanness, and disinhibition. The original (and most widely used) measure developed from this model is the Triarchic Psychopathy Measure (TriPM), which yields a total psychopathy score as well as scores on each of the three domains. Recently, researchers have derived several alternative measures from other inventories to assess these three domains; however, the purported underlying three-factor structure of the alternative scales has been relatively untested. In the present study, 431 participants completed the TriPM and its alternative measures via Amazon Mechanical Turk (MTurk) and items within the scales were subjected to a series of factor analyses. For all measures, fit indices for a three-factor solution showed poor fit and indicated that the optimal factor solutions ranged between 5-7 factors. In addition, although some of the factor scores from the three-factor solutions appeared to map onto the a priori domains of boldness, meanness, and disinhibition, others were equally correlated with meanness and disinhibition. The current results demonstrate the factor structures of the TriPM and its alternative measures are more complex than the proffered three-factor solution, which calls into question the extent to which they adequately represent the underlying triarchic model.
The Importance of Heterogeneity in Large-Scale Replications
Authors: Goldberg Matthew H. , Linden Sander van der
Published: April 2019

In a large-scale replication effort, Klein et al., (2018) investigate the variation in replicability and effect size across many different samples and settings. The authors concluded that, for any given effect being studied, heterogeneity across samples and settings does not explain failures to replicate. In the current commentary, we argue that the heterogeneity observed indeed has implications for replication failures, as well as for statistical power and theory development. We argue that psychological scientific research questions should be contextualized—considering how historical, political, or cultural circumstances might affect study results. We discuss how a perspectivist approach to psychological science is a fruitful way for designing research that aims to explain effect size heterogeneity.