bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Los contenidos de primeros auxilios en los currículos de Educación Primaria en España: Comparativa entre Comunidades Autónomas
Authors: López-García Sergio , Diez-Fernández Pelayo , González-Palomares Alba , Ruibal-Lista Brais
Published: September 2024

El conocimiento y aplicación de técnicas de primeros auxilios y reanimación cardiopulmonar (RCP) son cruciales para salvar vidas ante una emergencia, destacando la importancia de que la población general esté capacitada en estas habilidades. En España, desde los años 90, estas técnicas se integran en el currículo educativo y, actualmente el Real Decreto 157/2022 establece contenidos mínimos sobre primeros auxilios en la Educación Primaria. La enseñanza de estos conocimientos en esta etapa escolar no solo prepara a los niños para actuar en emergencias, sino que también promueve una cultura de prevención y responsabilidad social. Numerosas investigaciones demuestran que los niños pueden aprender y aplicar eficazmente estas técnicas, siendo vital iniciar su formación desde los 6-7 años. Los resultados obtenidos muestran una presencia de estos contenidos, especialmente en el último ciclo de la etapa de Educación Primaria, tanto en el Real Decreto estatal como en todos los currículos autonómicos. Esto permite incluir los primeros auxilios y la enseñanza de RCP en las escuelas sin provocar cambios en el currículo, contribuyendo significativamente a la resiliencia comunitaria y a salvar vidas.
Double whammy: Coexistence of Mature onset diabetes of the young and autoimmune diabetes: A case report
Authors: Kunnuru Sumana , Kauloorkar Bhoomika , Anne Beatrice , Divyasri Namburi , Thomas Glady , Gayatri B Sanjana
Published: September 2024

Maturity-Onset Diabetes of the Young (MODY)encompasses genetic disorders caused by mutations in single genes associated with beta cell dysfunction, constituting 1-6% of all diabetes cases. Mutations in ATP binding cassette transporter subfamily C member 8 (ABCC8) causes MODY 12 which accounts for 1% among MODY cases. It can present in childhood, adolescence or adulthood. Despite growing awareness, accurate MODY diagnosis remains challenging, often leading to misclassification as type 1 or type 2 diabetes. Correct identification is crucial for tailored treatment and implications for family members. The coexistence of MODY and autoimmune related diabetes is a very rare phenomenon with only a handful of cases reported. We describe a unique case where the index patient was initially diagnosed with type 1 diabetes at age 8 due to antibody positivity, leading to insulin treatment. After 15 years, he presented with evidence of all microvascular complications. Interestingly, his brother also developed diabetes at age of 14 years but with out antibody positivity. Due to a strong family history, both siblings underwent genetic testing, revealing a heterozygous mutation in the ABCC8 gene (C.4799630 G>A; P-Arg 1600His).
Current Research on Opioid Use Disorder (OUD) in Pregnancy with Emphasis on Medication Assisted Treatment (MAT)
Authors: Chokshi Ravi , Parish Samuel , Aponte Nanyaly , Ural Serdar , O’Brien James
Published: September 2024

Substance use disorder in pregnancy is a major obstetric issue, with significant maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. The incidence of opioid use disorder has risen substantially in the United States, with overdose now a leading contributor to pregnancy related deaths. Medication assisted treatment for opioid use disorder can improve pregnancy outcomes, with Methadone, and more recently Buprenorphine becoming the mainstays of treatment. There is decreased incidence of neonatal abstinence syndrome with maternal Buprenorphine use, as well as possible decreased association with neonatal low birth weight. Despite the known benefits of treatment, there remain barriers to medication assisted treatment, including clinician stigma and lack of familiarity with pharmacology. The American College of Obstetrics and Gynecology maintains a firm stance on the benefits of treatment during pregnancy, in order to avoid the known adverse outcomes associated with substance abuse during pregnancy. Pregnancy is period when most women routinely seek healthcare, and thus allows the opportunity for obstetrical providers to optimize maternal well-being. The goals during pregnancy remain the same as those outside of pregnancy: For medication treatment to assist in the prevention of a chronic and remitting condition that can result in overdose, and provide a gateway towards long-term recovery.
What happens to your brainwaves when the heart stops? ASYSTOLE AND THE EEG - a case series and review
Authors: Oster Joel
Published: September 2024

Introduction-aim and scope: This article highlights a rare observation in 2 patients admitted to the hospital who were evaluated with simultaneous EEG and EKG monitoring due to having episodic clinical spells suspected as being consistent with seizure activity. What however was noted were episodes of asystole causing syncope and brain wave activity persisted for approximately 24 seconds with other clinical features noted in the case histories including an incipient actual seizure in one case. We believe that these patients were fortunate to have such diagnosis made as risks of sudden cardiac death with asystole are high and may be associated with catastrophic neurologic injury and outcomes, and these patients were able to be referred for subsequent cardiac electrophysiologic evaluation and further management1-4. Rationale: This report highlights 2 clinical patients with asystole while being monitored with Video EEG (Electroencephalogram) with EKG (Electrocardiogram) that have a complete dataset available for study. One patient exhibited clinical symptoms of syncope and hypoperfusion and one patient after asystole exhibited subsequent electrographic seizure activity. This article descriptively and retrospectively reviews these rarely noted cases and the clinicopathologic details. Methods: In a hospital system with currently a level 4 epilepsy center that is a member of the US NAEC-National Association of Epilepsy Centers, two patients with asystole were identified as above. This publication provides a retrospective descriptive analysis of two cases that had a complete clinical data set. Results: Asystole is associated with clinical cerebral hypo perfusion in one case, and in another case, hypo perfusion with the EEG features of hypo perfusion similar to the first case however such is followed by actual electrographic seizure activity. We postulate that these findings may be rarely-recorded manifestations during asystole and deserve further study. Successful clinical management of these cases along with the EEG manifestations are described in the article. Electrocerebral rhythms in both cases persist for approximately 24 seconds after asystole although the exact delineation of the cerebral flow dynamics are not completely understood in this retrospective observational study. Conclusions: The cases delineate that the pathophysiology and the concomitant use of EEG and EKG monitoring with video during asystole deserve further study as clinical manifestations may not be identified otherwise without such recordings. Monitoring patients with simultaneous Video EEG and EKG recordings may be necessary for optimal diagnostic assessment and therapeutic outcome where clinical decision making by multidisciplinary subspecialty care teams can ensue in real time as noted in this article.
Disposable (Textual) Bodies
Authors: Borham-Puyal Miriam
Published: September 2024

The present article compares two coeval authors, Daniel Defoe (1660-1731) and Jane Barker (1652–1732), who stand on opposite sides of the political and religious spectrum, to analyse the ways in which they engage with popular prostitute stories in Moll Flanders (1722) and the Patch-Work narratives (1723, 1726), respectively. This contribution, then, offers novel insights into these writers’ work, exploring the ways in which Defoe rewrites this form of popular fiction to conform to his middle-class fantasy of personal development, and how Barker responds both to Defoe’s tales of prostitute ascent and the general taste for this fiction from her own ideological perspective. It will also expose their similarities, as they construct composite literary bodies of many different prostitute narratives, and emphasize the need to understand the novel as an assemblage of voices, genres and sociomaterial aspects.
Impact of screen time on the mental health of adolescents in Bangladesh
Authors: Parves Mohammad Masud , Kamrul M. Tanveer Sharif , Hossain M. Alamgir , Naser A. Z. M. , Rahman M. Mominur , Alam Mohammad Rezwanur , Akter Tuhin , Ahmed Ehashan
Published: August 2024

Background: The rapid increase in screen time among adolescents has raised concerns about its potential impact on mental health. This study aims to examine the relationship between screen time, sleep duration, and anxiety levels among school-going adolescents in Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted with 568 students from multiple schools in Dhaka, Bangladesh, specifically targeting Grades 9 and 10. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS version 25, with Chi-square tests and ANOVA used to determine significance, set at p<0.05.
Results: The study included 568 participants, with 60.2% female and 82.0% in Grade 10. The majority (54.9%) had a normal BMI, while 32.2% were underweight. Most participants (62.9%) reported getting 7-8 hours of sleep per day, with a mean sleep duration of 7.13 hours (SD=1.25). The mean screen time was 4.02 hours (SD=1.63), with 68.0% reporting 2-4 hours of screen use per day. Anxiety levels varied, with 54.2% reporting no anxiety symptoms, 35.9% mild anxiety, 7.0% moderate anxiety, and 2.8% severe anxiety. ANOVA results showed a significant association between screen time and anxiety levels (p=0.043), with severe anxiety corresponding to the highest mean screen time (5.01 hours).
Conclusions: The study found significant associations between screen time, sleep duration, and anxiety levels among adolescents. These findings underscore the need for interventions promoting balanced screen use and adequate sleep to improve adolescent mental health. Further research is recommended to explore long-term effects and develop targeted interventions.
Knowledge and perception regarding the prevention of traffic noise pollution among students of North Karnataka
Authors: N. Bhoomika , Yadavannavar M. C. , Pattankar Tanuja P. , Doddihal Chandrika , Sorganavi Vijaya
Published: August 2024

Background: Noise pollution is an insidious and underestimated environmental threat, that poses diverse health risks such as sleep disturbances, cardiovascular ailments, impaired work and academic performance, hearing impairments, and mental health issues. Understanding student’s awareness, perspectives, and attitudes toward traffic noise pollution and its health impacts is crucial. Objective was to evaluate the knowledge and perceptions of students towards traffic noise pollution.
Methods: The present study was conducted in Vijayapura during August and September 2023, this cross-sectional study involved 304 students. A self-administered questionnaire was used to assess the existing knowledge and perceptions regarding traffic noise pollution prevention among students of north Karnataka.
Results: Among 304 studied participants, 56.3% were females and 43.8% males. Knowledge analysis that revealed 63.5% with good understanding, while 23% had good perception towards traffic noise pollution. Chi-square analysis showed that knowledge correlated significantly with age (p=0.010), favoring those over 20 years. Gender did not show a significant impact on knowledge (p=0.453). Perception showed age-related significance (p=0.037) but gender showed no significant influence on perception (p=0.721).
Conclusions: The study highlighted positive knowledge levels about traffic noise pollution due to its often-overlooked nature. However, only a small portion exhibited favorable perceptions. This highlights the necessity for focused interventions, especially among the younger generation, to address traffic noise pollution effectively. Consistent education and reinforcement of traffic rules could induce positive change in the health and safety of society.
A study on awareness of household waste management in a rural area of northern Kerala
Authors: Noonhiyil Kaithery Nivya , Karunakaran Usha , Lakshmanan Manju Thandayan
Published: August 2024

Background: Proper waste management is a major concern of public health. It is necessary to create positive behavioural changes towards waste management among public in order to control diseases. Objective was to assess the awareness of waste management among the households of Cheruthazham Panchayat in northern Kerala.
Methods: A community based cross sectional study was conducted in Cheruthazham Panchayat, under Kalliasseri block, located in Kannur district of Kerala state from June 2017 to July 2018. A total of 400 households were studied. Multistage sampling was done. Data was collected by direct interview using a pre-tested semi-structured questionnaire. Data was analyzed using SPSS software.
Results: The participants responsible for the waste management in household were women. Out of the 400 participants, 83%, 11% and 6% were Hindus, Muslims and Christians respectively. Majority of them (82%) had an educational qualification of high school and above. Most of them (82.5%) were housewives. About 47% of the study population belongs to upper middle class. Their major sources of information about solid waste management were Kudumbasree class, gramasabha meetings and media. In the study, 19.2% had good knowledge, 79.2% had average knowledge and 1.5% had poor knowledge on waste management.
Conclusions: Majority of the participants had above average attitude towards household waste management. Continuous awareness programmes have to be conducted on safe waste disposal and efforts should be made to sustain the supervision of household waste management.
A study on prevalence of insomnia among middle aged women attending a tertiary care hospital, West Bengal
Authors: Kumari Amrita , Banarjee Ankita , Saha Avishek
Published: August 2024

Background: Insomnia is one of the common but neglected conditions seen in family practice. During the menopausal transition, significant sleep disruptions are provoked by sleep disorders. Insomnia is estimated to affect up to 30% of the general population and women are almost twice as likely as men to develop it. Objective was to find the prevalence of insomnia among middle-aged women.
Methods: This descriptive, cross-sectional study was done for 3 months at general OPDS and IPDs of a tertiary care hospital among 40-60-year-old women fulfilling inclusion criteria. The sampling technique was convenience sampling. Data were analyzed using Microsoft Office Excel and analyze by SPSS version 25.
Results: Of 310 participants, 45% had insomnia based on AIS-8. The maximum number of study participants fall under the age group of 40-45 years (33.23%) and under the socio-economic group lower-middle class (25.81%) according to the modified B. G. Prasad scale.
Conclusions: The study concludes a significant occurrence of insomnia in middle-aged women in addition to menopausal symptoms. Implementation of appropriate health educational programs for preventing insomnia in such women is necessary.
Trends of high fat, salt and sugar food consumption and its impact on nutritional status of school children
Authors: Bhat Poornima , B. P. Madhura , Himasri Vailala , Sairam Sudha
Published: August 2024

Background: India is currently in a phase of nutrition transition. Increased consumption of food high in fat, sugar and salt (HFSS) is contributing significantly to prevalence of triple burden of malnutrition among children.
Methods: In this study, the nutritional status and frequency of HFSS food consumption were assessed in 360 school children (boys n=171, girls n=189) aged between 6-16 years using standard tools and techniques.
Results: From the results, it was evident that the frequency of consumption of HFSS food among children of both the age group 6-10 years and 11-16 years was significantly high (p≤0.05). Children aged between 6-10 years were more prone to under nutrition (38%) and they were consuming more snacks such as chips, biscuits, packaged fruit juices high in sodium, saturated fat and sugar. On the other hand, adolescents aged between 11-16 years show a higher prevalence of both under nutrition and overweight (10%), potentially linked to their consumption of bakery products, street foods, sugary drinks and carbonated beverages.
Conclusions: The nutrition transition shift is towards consumption of refined, ultra processed, high sodium and fat foods. The age-based trend is a nutritional challenge among children and adolescents. The findings of this study emphasized the urgent need for early screening of nutrient deficiencies, comprehensive interventions to address the triple burden of malnutrition among school children. Efforts should focus on promoting healthy dietary behaviours, enhancing nutritional literacy among children, parents and care givers, improving access to nutritious foods, and regulating the marketing and availability of HFSS foods.
Comparing the incidence of pre-eclampsia following freeze-all versus conventional in-vitro fertilization: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Badawi Ibrahim G. A. , Mgbel Afnan S. H. , Alqahtani Hussain S. S. , Alhrany Atheer N. , Alabdali Aisha Z. , Saabi Somaya M. I. , Almastur Riyadh A. M.
Published: August 2024

In vitro fertilization (IVF) is commonly used to treat infertility, but its association with pre-eclampsia is well-documented. The freeze-all strategy in IVF has gained popularity, but its impact on the incidence of pre-eclampsia compared to conventional fresh embryo transfer remains uncertain. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to compare the incidence of pre-eclampsia in pregnancies following freeze-all versus conventional fresh embryo transfers in randomized controlled trials (RCTs). A comprehensive search was conducted across PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Medline, the Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar databases. A total of 611 records were identified and screened for suitability for inclusion in the quantitative synthesis. Data extraction and quality assessment were performed, and pooled odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated using fixed-effects models. Heterogeneity was assessed using Chi² and I² statistics. The meta-analysis included data from 7 RCTs, involving a total of 4,749 participants (2,434 in the freeze-all group and 2,315 in the conventional group). The pooled analysis revealed a significantly higher risk of pre-eclampsia in the freeze-all group, with an OR of 2.14 (95% CI 1.47, 3.11; p<0.0001). The heterogeneity among the studies was low (Chi square=5.88, df=6, p=0.44; I²=0%). This meta-analysis indicates that the freeze-all strategy in IVF is associated with a significantly higher risk of pre-eclampsia compared to conventional fresh embryo transfer. Clinicians should consider this increased risk when planning IVF treatments and counsel patients accordingly.
A qualitative study to understand the barriers and enablers of access to diabetic screening services in Nigeria
Authors: Ozioko Nnenna , Kamalakannan Sureshkumar
Published: August 2024

Nigeria in working to redefine its health care system's approach to diabetic retinopathy (DR) screening services needs to reduce obstacles and highlight the enablers to services provision. Due to the increased prevalence of diabetes, this has become increasingly necessary. A qualitative study examining the perceptions, practices, and experiences of Nigerian DR healthcare practitioners (HCPs) in relation to the facilitators and barriers of access to DR screening services. Mode of participant recruitment was on-line through e-mails by using snowballing method. In-depth interviews were used to acquire information from 6 DR HCPs (all ophthalmologists) at three eye centers in the three geo-political areas of Nigeria and at international center for eye health (ICEH) in London via on-line Microsoft teams. Thematic analysis was used for data analysis and all the steps applied to the data analysis process. Non-systematic screening, poverty, poor transport systems, insecurity, and poor motivation are key barriers to DR screening access in Nigeria while enablers include government participation through subsidized costs and remuneration of workers. Screening in communities, and using low-cost techniques are key to enable access. Other enablers include collaboration and integration between endocrinology and ocular units in terms of referrals, information sharing, use of intermediary carers, technology, man-power and health resource provision including low- cost services. A dearth of personnel, screening technologies, and resources, have an impact on the effectiveness of the DR screening services in Nigeria as well as social and individual factors, such as the cost of the services and national insecurity.
Psychosocial benefits of dental corrections in adolescents and adults
Authors: Alhammad Khalid S. , Alfaqeeh Maali E. , Hissah M. Alhazmi  , Alqahtani Ali S.
Published: August 2024

Dental corrections play a pivotal role in enhancing psychosocial health among adolescents and adults, offering significant improvements in self-esteem, social interactions, and overall psychological well-being. Adolescents, who are particularly vulnerable to social pressures and self-esteem issues, benefit greatly from orthodontic treatments that address malocclusions and misalignments. These treatments lead to heightened self-confidence, reduced social anxiety, and fewer instances of bullying, fostering healthier social development and mental health. In adults, dental corrections not only improve aesthetics but also enhance professional and personal interactions. Improved dental health leads to increased social engagement, better communication, and higher levels of life satisfaction, reducing social withdrawal and depressive symptoms. The ability to smile confidently, speak clearly, and eat comfortably without feeling self-conscious is crucial for mental well-being. Individuals with enhanced dental aesthetics report significant improvements in their quality of life, engaging more in social activities and forming meaningful relationships. Research supports the profound impact of dental corrections on reducing anxiety, depression, and social isolation. Adolescents and adults who undergo these treatments experience a notable boost in self-esteem and confidence, which translates into improved academic performance, career opportunities, and overall life satisfaction. The broader implications of these findings emphasize the need for dental care practices to incorporate psychosocial considerations, enhancing the overall patient experience and promoting long-term mental health benefits. By prioritizing the psychosocial outcomes of dental treatments, dental professionals can significantly improve the quality of life for their patients, contributing to their overall well-being and societal participation.
Role of molecular markers in identifying genetic disorders
Authors: Assiri Khaled Ali , Alrasis Mohammed Saleh , Mashlawi Ahmed Ibrahim , Alayda Maha Hail , Aljndbai Ahmed Mohammed
Published: August 2024

Molecular markers are critical tools in identifying genetic disorders, allowing for precise diagnosis, risk assessment, and personalized treatment approaches. They are classified into various categories, including single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), short tandem repeats (STRs), and restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs), each serving distinct roles in genetic diagnostics. SNPs are widely used in genome-wide association studies (GWAS) to identify genetic predispositions to complex diseases, while STRs are valuable in diagnosing disorders like Huntington's disease. RFLPs, though less commonly used today, remain important in specific diagnostic contexts. The application of molecular markers spans a wide range of genetic disorders, from monogenic conditions such as cystic fibrosis (CF) to complex diseases like hereditary breast and ovarian cancer syndrome and fragile X syndrome. These markers enable early detection and targeted interventions, improving patient outcomes. However, several challenges hinder their widespread adoption, including difficulties in interpreting genetic data, limited access to genetic screening, and ethical concerns related to privacy and genetic discrimination. Future directions in the use of molecular markers for genetic screening involve integrating advanced technologies like next-generation sequencing and combining molecular data with other omics approaches to provide a more comprehensive understanding of genetic disorders. Addressing the challenges of data interpretation, accessibility, and ethical issues will be crucial in expanding the utility of molecular markers in clinical practice. The advancements in molecular marker technology and their applications in detecting specific genetic disorders hold promise for improving diagnostic accuracy and personalized treatment strategies. However, ensuring that these technologies are accessible and ethically implemented will be key to their success in transforming healthcare. The ongoing evolution of molecular markers and genetic screening technologies suggests a future where early diagnosis and personalized medicine become standard care for genetic disorders.
Competency Based Human Anatomy Volume III (Second Edition)
Authors: Kumar Dr. A. Prasanna Veera
Published: September 2024

The CBME curriculum which has started from 2019 MBBS batch requires changes in teaching undergraduate medical students from the traditional method to focus on outcome-based learning. As per the new CMBE curriculum the subject of anatomy has been delineated into competences. To cover all the competencies no single anatomy text book is available in the market. In this book an attempt has been made by the author to deal with all the competencies serial wise, to eliminate the confusion both for the students and teaching faculty while following the available text books. The book is presented in a style which is totally new to the subject of anatomy. Each competency is dealt briefly and up to the level of knowledge required for MBBS student giving details of its learning objective, its domain and the assessment method. Wherever the competency includes anatomical basis the same is given utmost importance, so that students do not suffer from the tedious work of searching for the required study material. All the competencies are dealt in such a manner that the student is at ease while studying the subject of Anatomy in the 1st phase of MBBS curriculum. The book is useful for MBBS students, and PG-NEET preparation and also the anatomy teaching faculty. The new second edition includes 70 line diagrams and more than 500 multiple-choice questions, organized by region and chronologically according to the competencies of the CBME curriculum: Neuroanatomy (135), Histology, (130), Genetics (100), General embryology (150) and these additions will be very helpful for MBBS students and for the NEXT Exam 2025.
Testing the algorithm for determining the velocity model of the upper part of the medium based on the first times arrivals
Authors: Mitrofanov G. M. , Chernyshov G. S. , Kamashev A. M. , Nikitin A. A. , Mosyagin E. V.
Published: September 2024

The results of testing the algorithm and the software module created on its basis are presented. The algorithm allows us to build a velocity model of the medium upper part using the times of the first arrivals of seismic signals related to refracted waves. The module implements two possibilities of these times determination. The first involves determining the times before the module is starting. The second implements the automatic determination of such times from the original seismograms using neural networks.
Frequency dependent qP-Lomax rays in three-dimensional weak TTI media
Authors: Neklyudov D. A. , Protasov M. I.
Published: September 2024

A simple and numerically effective approach for calculating frequency dependent qP-rays in threedimensional TTI media is presented in this paper. Our method involves propagating a locally plane fragment of wavefront which is sensitive to the distribution of the model parameters in some subvolume of the medium near a ray. The width of the sensitivity area depends on the wavelength in each point on the ray. For numerical realization we apply approximate expressions for phase and group velocities which are valid for weak TTI media. Numerical experiment proves the effectiveness of the proposed approach
Brotam alternativas de sociobiodiversidade no Sertão Sergipano – Brasil: o protagonismo de mulheres, agricultores familiares e grupos tradicionais na conservação da Caatinga
Authors: Menezes Sônia de Souza Mendonça , Silva José Natan Gonçalves da
Published: September 2024

Este artigo tem como objetivo analisar a dinâmica da sociobiodiversidade da Caatinga no Sertão Sergipano, antevendo para o contexto de fragmentação do bioma, mas também para a transmissão e emergência de práticas ecológicas, socioeconômicos e culturais que contribuem para a conservação desse patrimônio. Como recorte espacial, foram delimitados municípios do Sertão Sergipano. A metodologia está fundamentada na realização de pesquisas teóricas, documentais e de campo, bem como na realização de entrevistas semiestruturadas e na formação de grupos focais entre os pesquisadores e os sujeitos que protagonizam as estratégias de manutenção da Caatinga. Os resultados deste estudo apontam para o avanço predatório da destruição do bioma associado, sobretudo para a expansão de atividades agropecuárias. Todavia, em contraposição a esse cenário, brotam e se consolidam experiências, saberes e práticas legitimadas por grupos socais e povos tradicionais que contribuem na construção da sociobiodiversidade.
Manejo dos resíduos de serviços de saúde na atenção básica do município de Augustinópolis – TO
Authors: Vanccin Priscila Dayane Alves , Neto Paulo Fortes , Furlan Marcos Roberto
Published: September 2024

O objetivo geral deste estudo foi identificar como ocorre o manejo dos resíduos gerados nas Unidades Básicas de Saúde (UBS), no município de Augustinópolis – TO, sob a ótica dos profissionais de saúde. Foi realizada pesquisa de campo em todas as UBS do município, com coleta de dados por meio de entrevistas e visitas in loco. Os resultados indicam que 73% dos profissionais não receberam capacitações sobre o manejo adequado dos resíduos sólidos; sendo que apenas 35% classificam o manejo de Resíduos dos Serviços de Saúde (RSS) nas UBS como bom ou ótimo. Ainda, verificou-se a ausência de equipamentos e de materiais adequados para a separação, coleta e armazenamento dos resíduos. Assim, conclui-se que o manejo dos resíduos gerados nas UBS de Augustinópolis ocorre em desconformidade com as normas regulamentadoras.
Cartografia do crime: homicídios contra adolescentes na periferia de Belém-PA
Authors: Baccino Marcelo Pamplona , Costa Samara Viana , Dos Santos Naiara Videira
Published: September 2024

O artigo investiga a correlação espacial entre a taxa de homicídio contra adolescentes e Aglomerados Subnormais, visando identificar o padrão espacial do homicídio contra essa população. A metodologia adotada baseia-se na estatística realizada mediante técnica de análise descritiva. Para análise exploratória de dados espaciais, selecionou-se a taxa de homicídios e as áreas de Aglomerados Subnormais. Os dados mostram que 59,62% dos adolescentes vivem em domicílios com condições precárias. Identificou-se ainda que as áreas com maior concentração de homicídios são os bairros periféricos. A partir dos dados obtidos, pode-se constatar que existe um padrão espacial da distribuição dos homicídios na cidade de Belém, demostrando uma relação espacial entre o local de ocorrência dos homicídios e os Aglomerados Subnormais, locais de extrema insegurança, insalubridade, pobreza e elevada criminalidade.
Belo Monte e a segregação planejada: uma análise a partir dos reassentamentos urbanos de Altamira-PA
Authors: Soares Darismar Silva , De Miranda Neto José Queiroz
Published: September 2024

Este artigo analisa a segregação socioespacial a partir do projeto de reurbanização da cidade de Altamira-PA pela implantação da hidrelétrica de Belo Monte, no estado do Pará, que teve como principal consequência a remoção das comunidades que viviam em áreas de baixadas para os Reassentamentos Urbanos Coletivos (RUC). Acredita-se que a segregação dos RUC se relacione com a estruturação urbana do tipo centro-periferia, que no decorrer da história vem afastando a população de áreas consideradas privilegiadas da cidade, processo que é estimulado tanto pelas políticas urbanas quanto pelo setor imobiliário, responsável por onerar os valores do solo urbano. Através de estudos de campos e entrevistas semiestruturadas em três RUC de Altamira: Laranjeiras, Água Azul e Jatobá, apresenta-se os elementos que comprovam a segregação socioespacial planejada a que foi submetida uma parte da população altamirense, uma vez que foi conduzida pelos agentes que operam a execução do Projeto de Belo Monte.
Análise bibliométrica da produção científica das Pós-Graduações da Universidade Federal do Pará sobre a temática recursos naturais na Amazônia
Authors: Neves João Paulo Pastana , Santos Junior Roberto Lopes dos
Published: September 2024

O estudo apresentado neste artigo consiste em uma análise bibliométrica das dissertações defendidas no Programa de Pós-graduação em Desenvolvimento Sustentável do Trópico Úmido (PPGDSTU) e no Programa de Pós-graduação em Gestão de Recursos Naturais e Desenvolvimento Local na Amazônia (PPGEDAM), na Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA), identificando as principais vertentes de pesquisa ligadas aos recursos naturais na região Amazônica. A pesquisa caracteriza-se como quantitativa e bibliométrica. Essa foi conduzida a partir do levantamento das dissertações nos portais online dos Programas, no Repositório Institucional da UFPA e na Plataforma Lattes. Foram selecionadas, como categorias de análise, o ano de defesa, temas de pesquisa e pesquisadores mais produtivos, apresentando as principais vertentes de pesquisa e oferecendo um estado da arte na produção científica do PPGDSTU e do PPGEDAM. Adotou-se, como recorte temporal, o primeiro ano de defesa até 2018. Percebeu-se considerável número de dissertações produzidas (172 no PPGEADAM e 254 no PPGDSTU), centralização de professores na orientação de dissertações em ambos os Programas, assim como os temas “desenvolvimento local”, “sustentabilidade”, “gestão ambiental” e “recursos naturais” com maior ocorrência. Sugere-se, a partir desses dados, o estímulo de parcerias colaborativas entre os Programas, bem como maior aporte financeiro às pós-graduações.
FIGUEIREDO, Silvio Lima et al. Amazônia, Cultura e Cena Política no Brasil. Belém: NAEA, 2016.
Authors: Sousa Ana Caroline Do Rosário , Da Rosa Edilene Do Socorro Silva , Lima Nyvia Cristina Dos Santos , De Lima Paulo Afonso Dias , Gomes Flávia Ferreira
Published: September 2024

A obra intitulada "Amazônia, cultura e cena política no Brasil", composta por um conjunto de artigos, tem como objetivo fomentar a reflexão sobre como as políticas públicas e a gestão cultural foram institucionalizadas no Brasil e sua relação com o contexto político recente, além de relatar as experiências vivenciadas no estado do Pará no período de 2003 a 2016, quando o Partido dos Trabalhadores (PT) estava no poder a nível federal. Também apresenta estudos em outros estados e países, como Rio de Janeiro, Brasil e sobre experiências portuguesa e francesa.
Evaluation de la resistance varietale de 40 morphotypes de voandzou [Vigna subterranea (L.) verdc. (Fabacdeae)] a Callosobruchus maculatus fab. (Coleoptera : Chrysomelidae)
Authors:   Institut de Recherche Agricole pour le Développement, Chantal M , Augustin G ,   Université de Maroua, Leonard NTS ,   Université de Ngaoundéré, Robert N ,   Université de Ngaoundéré
Published: August 2024

Bien que considérée comme culture mineure ou culture « orpheline » le voandzou peut contribuer efficacement à résoudre d’importantes problématiques mondiales telles que la faim, la pauvreté et l’adaptation aux changements climatiques. Il est une source prometteuse de protéines végétales et a l’avantage d’avoir de nombreux morphotypes largement cultivés par les populations rurales. Malheureusement pendant le stockage cette ressource est en proie à une pression des ravageurs qui engendrent des pertes quantitatives et qualitatives. L’objectif de cette étude, est de déterminer en condition contrôlée, le degré de vulnérabilité de 40 morphotypes codé CM/Région/Collection/n°(01 à 40) vis-à-vis de Callosobruchus maculatus. Au cours de trois campagnes de collecte des données et interviews menées dans le Cameroun septentrional, des informations sur la diversité de graines de voandzou ont été collectées, puis ramenées en laboratoire. L’évaluation de la sensibilité variétale de cette collection, a reposé sur l’analyse des paramètres qui définissent l’échelle de sensibilité à savoir : le nombre d’œufs pondus, le nombre d’œuf et de larves morts, le nombre d’individus émergés et l’indice de susceptibilité. Il ressort que le nombre d’œufs pondus par C. maculatus est compris entre 56,5±19,65 (CM/EN/DW/01) et 111,5±58,69 CM/EN/MC/34. Le taux d’émergence varie entre 58,23% (CM/EN/EA/02) et 96, 70% (CM/EN/DW/24). L’analyse statistique des valeurs liées à l’indice de susceptibilité montre une différence hautement significative (p < 0,0001). Il existe une forte corrélation négative entre l’émergence et la mortalité larvaire (r = -0,97). La classification ascendante hiérarchisée a permis de réaliser un dendrogramme regroupant les morphotypes en 7 classes distinctes en fonction du degré de susceptibilité. La classe I montre de façon spécifique trois morphotypes les plus résistants aux attaques de la bruche (CM/EN/DW/09, CM/EN/AE/02 et CM/EN/MC/49) dans cette expérimentation. Les variétés qui ont présenté une certaine résistance à la bruche peuvent être adoptées ou exploitées pour le développement des variétés plus intéressantes pour les producteurs, les consommateurs et les transformateurs. D’autre part, compte tenu des changements globaux qui affectent l’agriculture en générale et certaines espèces mineures dites négligées et sous-utilisées en particulier, il serait impératif de trouver des stratégies de conservation efficaces à court, moyen et long terme pour répondre à la demande alimentaire de plus en plus importante au Cameroun. Mots clés: voandzou, indice de susceptibilité, résistance, évaluation, bruche, attaque, émergence lavaire, Cameroun
Assessment of the life quality of patients with multiple sclerosis using the SF-36 scale
Authors: Sturov N. V. , Tardov M. V. , Popova E. V. , Boldin A. V. , Strachuk A. G. , Talapbek k Sh.
Published: September 2024

The prevalence of multiple sclerosis (MS) is steadily increasing not only due to rising incidence, but also due to improvements in diagnosis and treatment. Accordingly, there is growing interest in improving the quality of life (QL) of chronic patients, for the assessment of which general scales are used, as well as scales developed specifically for MS. In this work, we analyzed publications devoted to assessing the quality of life of MS patients using the nonspecific SF-36 scale for the period from 2018 to 2023. Data were assessed on all eight scales: physical functioning, role functioning, bodily pain, general health, vitality, social functioning, emotional state and mental health. The usefulness of the SF-36 questionnaire has been shown in the management of patients with MS by a general practitioner for a comprehensive assessment of QL dynamics during treatment and in planning of further treatment and rehabilitation measures. However, the ambiguity of numerous QL studies results in MS obtained using the SF-36 questionnaire requires continued research and improvement of the instrument itself.
A sorbent modified with melatonin and lithium: in vitro investigation of the effect on hemostatic reactions
Authors: Momot A. P. , Rachkovskaya L. N. , Nimaev V. V. , Rachkovsky E. E. , Mamaev A. N. , Michurina S. V. , Kоrolev M. A. , Fedorov D. V. , Letyagin A. Yu. , Smagin A. A.
Published: September 2024

Aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of lithium- and melatonin-containing sorbent based on aluminum oxide and polydimethylsiloxane on changes in the number of platelets during hemosorption modeling and on the features of the hemostatic response during dosed contact of the sorbent with blood in an in vitro experiment. Material and methods. An analysis of the effect of the porous sorbent modified with melatonin (MT, 0.15 %) and lithium (0.5 %) based on aluminum oxide and polydimethylsiloxane (Al2O3@PDMS/MT-Li) was carried out in comparison with sorbent without modifiers (Al2O3@PDMS) and modified with MT (Al2O3@PDMS/MT) on a number of donor blood clotting parameters under in vitro hemosorption conditions. Studies of the hemostatic system included assessment of platelet count, chronometric parameters, fibrinogen concentration, antithrombin activity and plasminogen content. For integral assessment, calibrated thrombography and computer thromboelastometry were used. Results and discussion. Contact of all studied sorbents with blood causes a moderate decrease in the number of platelets (by 5.3–10.1 % from initial). Comparison sorbents reduce fibrinogen concentration by 7.1–7.7 %, Al2O3@PDMS/MT-Li – by 2.6 times, which is likely due to the methodology for determining this protein against the background of the independent anticoagulant activity of lithium ions. Al2O3@PDMS and Al2O3@PDMS/MT cause the development of a hypercoagulable shift, as evidenced by a shortening of kaolin time (by 27.5 and 22.1 %, respectively) and of activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) by 7.1 % for both sorbents. At the same time, when lithium was included in the sorbent, not only did the hypercoagulation shift not occur, but blood clotting was also inhibited, as evidenced by an increase in kaolin time and APTT by 1.2 and 1.6 times, respectively, as well as in silicone time. Conclusions. Modifying sorbents with biologically active substances, lithium and MT, makes it possible to obtain an original hemosorbent with new properties. The presented results demonstrated the absence of a hypercoagulable shift in donor blood after contact with a lithium-, MTcontaining sorbent in vitro and indicate the potential for its using as a basis for the development of safe drugs.
Association of the vitamin D metabolism gene polymorphism with the severity of coronary lesions assessed by SYNTAX score
Authors: Ponasenko A. V. , Sinitskaya A. V. , Sinitsky M. Yu. , Khutornaya M. K. , Duvanov M. K. , Barbarash O. L.
Published: September 2024

This study aimed to determine the association of vitamin D serum blood levels and vitamin D gene polymorphism with the severity of coronary lesions in patients with stable coronary artery disease (CAD). Material and methods. 260 patients with stable CAD (average age was 58 years) were examined in the presented research. All patients were divided into two groups according to the SYNTAX score: low-risk patients with SYNTAX score ≤ 31 (n = 224) and high-risk patients with SYNTAX score > 31 (n = 36). For enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and genetic analysis, peripheral blood was collected from the cubital vein into vacuum tubes containing coagulation activator and K3-EDTA, respectively. Serum blood level of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (DiaSource Diagnostics, Belgium) and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (Immunodiagnostic Systems, Great Britain) were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay according to the manufacturers’ protocols. Genomic DNA was isolated by phenol-chloroform extraction method from whole blood. The quality and quantity of isolated DNA were assessed using NanoDrop spectrophotometer (Thermo Fisher Scientific, USA). Five polymorphic variants in the VDR (rs2228570 and rs73123) and GC (rs7041, rs1155563 and rs2298849) genes were selected for analysis. Genotyping was performed by real-time PCR in a 96-well plate with fluorescently labeled TaqMan probes. The quality of PCR was controlled by repeated genotyping of 10 % of the analyzed samples. Results. We found no statistically significant differences in serum blood level of the studied markers in patients from low-risk and high-risk groups. One polymorphic variant in the GC gene associated with the multiple coronary lesions (rs2298849) (odds ratio 2.26, 95 % confidence interval 1.28–3.99, p = 0.006) according to an additive inheritance model was identified. In addition, we determined the association between low serum blood level of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D in patients with CAD with multiple lesions of the coronary vascular system with A/A – A/G genotypes of the rs2228570 polymorphism in the VDR gene, A/A genotype of the rs7041 polymorphism and A/A genotype of the rs2298849 polymorphism in the GC gene. Conclusions. Allelic variants in the vitamin D metabolism genes are associated with the degree of coronary artery lesions assessed by the SYNTAX score in patients with stable CAD. Also, serum blood level of the active form of vitamin D (1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D) is less in carriers of homozygous genotypes for the major alleles of the VDR and GC genes.
The significance of serum lysozyme in predicting bacterial complications in patients after kidney transplantation
Authors: Ziamko V. Yu. , Okulich V. K. , Dzyadzko A. M.
Published: September 2024

The aim of the study was to conduct a comparative analysis of serum lysozyme activity and study its innovativeness in predicting bacterial complications after kidney transplantation. Material and methods. Lysozyme activity was studied in 99 patients after kidney transplantation and 81 practically healthy volunteers. Patients depending on period after surgery were divided into five groups: group 1 – 1st day after kidney transplantation (n = 6); group 2 – 1–5 months (n = 10); group 3 – 6–12 months (n = 21); group 4 – 2–5 years (n = 30); group 5 – 6–10 years (n = 32). An analysis of the correlation between serum lysozyme level, absolute leukocyte count and creatinine content was performed. Lysozyme activity was assessed in bacterial complications, transplant dysfunction and organ rejection. Results and discussion. On the 1st day after kidney transplantation lysozyme activity was minimal – 117.95 [60.80–133.51] µg/ ml (median [lower quartile – upper quartile]) (in healthy volunteers it was 243.80 [190.76–305.69] µg/ml, p < 0,001). One month after surgery, it returned to normal (292.08 [311.66–218.48] μg/ml) and did not differ from the value of the group of practically healthy volunteers for 5 months (p = 0,17). Lysozyme activity in serum of patients after kidney transplantation had inverse moderate correlation with creatinine content (r = –0,32, p < 0,05). The threshold value for the probability of bacterial infections for serum lysozyme was > 321,4 μg/ml (p = 0,003). Creatinine level > 0,11 mmol/l predicts graft dysfunction. Conclusions. On the first day after transplantation a low level of lysozyme indicates high risk of bacterial infection. One month after surgery lysozyme returned to normal which indicates restoration of humoral component of nonspecific immune resistance. Relationship between creatinine content and lysozyme activity as well as an increase in the latter in comparison with healthy group allows to use lysozyme as an additional diagnostic criterion for acute bacterial infection and creatinine – for prognosis of graft dysfunction.