bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Validity and Reliability of the Turkish Version of National Comprehensive Cancer Network/Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy Ovarian Symptom Index-18 (NFOSI-18) and Neurotoxicity-4 (NTX-4) for Patients with Advanced Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Yavuzsen Husnu Tore , Gulteki̇n Sukriye Cansu , Polat Karya , Keser Murat , Guc Zeynep Gulsum , Keskinkilic Merve , Yavuzsen Tugba , Karadibak Didem
Published: November 2023

Objectives. The aim of this study was to investigate the validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network/Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy Ovarian Symptom Index-18 (NFOSI-18) and Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy/Gynecologic Oncology Group Neurotoxicity 4-item (NTX-4) in patients with advanced ovarian cancer (OC). Methods. Ninety-four women with OC were included. Pearson correlation coefficients were used to examine the convergent validity between the European Quality of Life Survey-5 Dimension-3 Level (EQ-5D-3L) and the Turkish NFOSI-18 and NTX-4. The internal consistencies of the Turkish NFOSI-18 and NTX-4 were calculated using Cronbach’s alpha. Turkish NFOSI-18 and Turkish NTX-4 were readministered to 62 (67.4%) patients with OC after 14–21 days to evaluate test-retest reliability.Results. Turkish NFOSI-18 and Turkish NTX-4 showed excellent internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha: 0.919 and 0.917, respectively). The test-retest reliability of Turkish NFOSI-18 and Turkish NTX-4 was detected as good to excellent for total score (ICC [95%] = 0.93 [0.88-0.95] and ICC [95%] = 0.90 [0.85-0.94], respectively). Significant correlations were detected between the EQ-5D-3L total score, NFOSI-18 (r = 0.648,

p

 < 0.01), and NTX-4 (r = 0.694,

p

 < 0.01) indicating sufficient convergent validity. Conclusion. The Turkish NFOSI-18 and Turkish NTX-4 are reliable and valid tools to assess disease-related symptoms in patients with advanced OC.
Mortality in ICU COVID-19 Patients Is Associated with Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR): Utility of NLR as a Promising Immunohematological Marker
Authors: Seyfi Shahram , Azadmehr Abbas , Ezoji Khadijeh , Nabipour Majid , Babazadeh Arefeh , Saleki Kiarash , Mahmoodi Mehdi , Pouladi Amir Hossein
Published: November 2023

Background. Achieving a suitable medical laboratory index is very important for the prediction of clinical outcome of COVID-19 patients hospitalized to the intensive care unit (ICU). The correlation between neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and unfavorable outcome of COVID-19 patients hospitalized to ICU was the aim of this study. Methods. We evaluated a cross-sectional study of 312 COVID-19 patients who were hospitalized to the ICU (confirmed by PCR and CT-Scan), in Babol city, Mazandaran province. WBC, RBC, lymphocyte, neutrophil, monocyte, platelet count, NLR, C-reactive protein (CRP), ESR, MCV, MHC, and other factors were evaluated. Results. Our findings indicated that all patients aged 56 to 69 years with COVID-19 had a significant difference (

P
<
0.05

) in neu, lymph, PLT count, NLR, ESR, Hb, and CRP. Also, NLR was significantly (

P
<
0.05

) correlated with the death or discharge of the ICU hospitalized patients. The cut-off of NLR was 7.02 and the mean of NLR was 11.3 ± 10.93 and 5.8 ± 7.45 in death and discharge COVID-19 patients hospitalized to ICU, respectively. ROC curve indicated that, for NLR, the area under curve was 0.76. Conclusions. Our findings showed that NLR can be utilized as a clinical laboratory predictive parameter for mortality of COVID-19 patients admitted to ICU.
TABLE 1 from Enitociclib, a Selective CDK9 Inhibitor, Induces Complete Regression of MYC+ Lymphoma by Downregulation of RNA Polymerase II Mediated Transcription
Authors: Frigault Melanie M. , Mithal Arushi , Wong Harvey , Stelte-Ludwig Beatrix , Mandava Vinay , Huang Xin , Birkett Joseph , Johnson Amy J. , Izumi Raquel , Hamdy Ahmed
Published: November 2023

Response and pharmacokinetics properties of patients with DH-DLBCL and other patients with MYC+ NHL (n = 15) treated with 30 mg enitociclib i.v. once weekly
Two Pediatric Patients with Acute Acquired Comitant Esotropia as the First Symptom of Brainstem Tumor: A Case Report
Authors: Yagasaki Ayaka , Miyase Taishi , Sakai Shota , Mochizuki Kiyofumi , Sakaguchi Hirokazu , Yagasaki Teiji , Ohe Naoyuki , Yasue Shiho , Endo Saori , Ozeki Michio
Published: November 2023

Introduction: Acute acquired comitant esotropia (AACE) is an acquired strabismus with uncrossed sudden-onset diplopia due to esodeviation, comitant esotropia without accommodation factor, or paretic eye movement. The diagnosis of AACE entails differentiation from incomitant esotropia caused by abnormalities in the central nervous system. We present 2 pediatric patients with AACE as the first symptom of brainstem tumor. Case Presentation: The 2 patients were aware of their diplopia and had no other neurological abnormalities. There were no special findings in the anterior segment, ocular media, or fundus. Esotropia with a difference of no more than 10Δ between distant and near fixations was observed. Eye movements were normal, and Hess red-green test under prism neutralization did not reveal abduction restriction. The presumed cause of AACE in both patients was excessive use of digital displays, and brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was performed to confirm the absence of neurological abnormality. Using MRI, a definitive diagnosis of AACE was made based on comitant esotropia associated with diffuse median glioma and medullary pilocytic astrocytoma without abducens nerve palsy. Conclusion: Although the incidence of AACE caused by brainstem tumors may be low, it is necessary to perform head imaging to confirm etiology. Furthermore, Hess red-green test under prism neutralization is considered important for the differentiation of abducens nerve palsy.
Brain Lipids and Lipid Droplet Dysregulation in Alzheimer’s Disease and Neuropsychiatric Disorders
Authors: Zhao Xiaojie , Zhang Siwei , Sanders Alan R. , Duan Jubao
Published: November 2023

Background: Lipids are essential components of the structure and for the function of brain cells. The intricate balance of lipids, including phospholipids, glycolipids, cholesterol, cholesterol ester, and triglycerides, is crucial for maintaining normal brain function. The roles of lipids and lipid droplets and their relevance to neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric disorders (NPDs) remain largely unknown. Summary: Here, we reviewed the basic role of lipid components as well as a specific lipid organelle, lipid droplets, in brain function, highlighting the potential impact of altered lipid metabolism in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and NDPs. Key Messages: Brain lipid dysregulation plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis and progression of neurodegenerative and NPDs including AD and schizophrenia. Understanding the cell type-specific mechanisms of lipid dysregulation in these diseases is crucial for identifying better diagnostic biomarkers and for developing therapeutic strategies aiming at restoring lipid homeostasis.
Brain-Splenic Immune System Interactions in Hypertension: Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms
Authors: Perrotta Sara , Carnevale Daniela
Published: November 2023

Hypertension represents a major worldwide cause of death and disability, and it is becoming increasingly clear that available therapies are not sufficient to reduce the risk of major cardiovascular events. Various mechanisms contribute to blood pressure increase: neurohormonal activation, autonomic nervous system imbalance, and immune activation. Of note, the brain is an important regulator of blood pressure levels; it recognizes the peripheral perturbation and organizes a reflex response by modulating immune system and hormonal release to attempt at restoring the homeostasis. The connection between the brain and peripheral organs is mediated by the autonomic nervous system, which also modulates immune and inflammatory responses. Interestingly, an increased autonomic nervous system activity has been correlated with an altered immune response in cardiovascular diseases. The spleen is the largest immune organ exerting a potent influence on the cardiovascular system during disease and is characterized by a dense noradrenergic innervation. Taken together, these aspects led to hypothesize a key role of neuroimmune mechanisms in the onset and progression of hypertension. This review discusses how the nervous and splenic immune systems interact and how the mechanisms underlying the neuroimmune cross talk influence the disease progression.
Potential Role of the Skin in Hypertension Risk Through Water Conservation
Authors: Kitada Kento , Nishiyama Akira
Published: November 2023

Previous basic and clinical investigations have identified various pathogenic factors and determinants of risk that contribute to hypertension. Nevertheless, the pathogenesis of hypertension has not been fully elucidated. Moreover, despite the availability of antihypertensive medications for the management of blood pressure, treatments that address the full spectrum of the pathophysiological defects underpinning hypertension remain to be identified. To further investigate the mechanisms of primary hypertension, it is imperative to consider novel potential aspects, such as fluid management by the skin, in addition to the conventional risk factors. There is a close association between body fluid regulation and blood pressure, and the kidney, which, as the principal organ responsible for body fluid homeostasis, is the primary target for research in the field of hypertension. In addition, the skin functions as a biological barrier, potentially contributing to body fluid regulation. In this review, we propose the hypothesis that changes in skin water conservation are associated with hypertension risk based on recent findings. Further studies are required to clarify whether this novel hypothesis is limited to specific hypertension or applies to physiological blood pressure regulation.
Applying Ecological Principles of Design for Restoring Brownfields: A Case Study in River Rouge, MI
Authors: Bodea Andreea , Kim Jun-Hyun , Sohn Wonmin , Durst Noah
Published: November 2023

Background and objective: Failing industrial cities have left behind a legacy of social, economic, and environmental decline. The aftermath includes cities that have experienced departing residents, decaying infrastructure, and urban blight. Although there are many contributing factors to degradation, for cities such as Detroit, MI, much of its infrastructure has become vacant, and due to previous heavy industrial use, some of the lots have turned into brownfields. This research aims to create a design guideline for revitalizing industrial vacant lands or brownfields through the application of ecological design principles.Methods: By adopting a case study approach, this research focuses on safely reconstructing the economic, social, and environmental health of communities by creating an ecological design matrix based on the landscape ecology principles of design; and applying those elements to the 80" Hot Mill company, located in River Rouge, MI, United States. Additionally, a landscape performance assessment was conducted to evaluate the benefits of the proposed planning and outcomes regarding environmental, social, and economic aspects.Results: Following the creation of a master plan, the post-design metrics show positive environmental outputs such as the reduction of carbon sequestration, air pollution elements, waste from the site, and an increase in the retention of stormwater. The social impacts measured showed favorable outcomes which included visual quality, safety features, the addition of recreational and gathering spaces, as well as bike lanes and pedestrian walking paths. Economically, improvements have been seen in stormwater maintenance costs and energy savings.Conclusion: The findings from this research aim to help future designers and planners in implementing ecological design principles in order to optimize the restoration processes of brownfields and vacant lands.
Research Trends on the Effects of Forest Therapy in Korea and Ways to Improve the Level of Medical Evidence: A Scoping Review
Authors: Lee Hyelim , Joung Dawou , Kwon Yong Jin , Park Bum-Jin
Published: November 2023

Background and objective: Studies on the effects of forest therapy are clinical research that reveals the effects suitable for the purpose of therapy by applying a forest therapy program, which is a complex intervention, to humans in various forest environments. Accordingly, the purpose of this study is to find out the characteristics of existing studies on the effects of forest therapy and to suggest ways to improve the level of evidence for future research results. In this study, a scoping review was conducted to find out how studies on the effects of forest therapy were conducted based on the medical clinical research method in domestic studies on the effects of forest therapy.Methods: The scoping review utilized a procedure proposed by the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI). A total of 564 studies were searched and 57 were used in the final analysis.Results: As a result of the analysis, only 1 study (1.8%) had a manual to reproduce the forest therapy program, and 56 studies (98.2%) reported only brief information on the program. As for the report on forest therapy environments, there were articles that mentioned some therapy environments, but none predicted the effects or reported about reproducibility. Among the reports on forest therapy environments, 21.1% reported about both forest and thermal environments, and 26.3% reported only about the forest environment.Conclusion: From the perspective of clinical research, the level of evidence for studies on the effects of forest therapy so far has been found to be very low, and methods for applying clinical research methods to improve this have been discussed. Clinical research is a prerequisite for verifying medical effects in order to raise the level of forest therapy from wellness to treatment support activities, and it must be actively utilized in the future.
Comparative Analysis of Future Landslide Susceptible Areas Based on Climate Change Scenario Applications
Authors: Kim Jun Woo , Jung Huicheul , Kim Ho Gul
Published: November 2023

Background and objective: Landslides have inflicted significant damage to human lives and property for many years, leading to substantial socio-economic costs and environmental degradation. With the advent of climate change, the increase and intensification of rainfall exacerbate the risk of landslides. Considering this scenario, understanding the priorities in landslide response becomes crucial. This study aims to compare methods of predicting future landslide-prone areas, explore accurate forecasting techniques, and determine the landslide response priorities at the municipal level in the study Methods: (1) Collection and development of the landslide inventory map and landslide conditioning factors. (2) Constructing the landslide susceptibility model (LSM) using the landslide inventory map and conditioning factors. (3) Projecting rainfall data from periods B and C onto the LSM of past period A. (4) Comparing and analyzing landslide-prone areas for each scenario and year. (5) Identifying areas vulnerable to landslides based on the scenario with the most frequent occurrence of landslide-prone areas during the rainy seasons in periods B and C.Results: From the LSM, the landslide susceptible area (LSA) for period A was identified as 31,902 ㎢. All Supply-side platform(SSP) scenarios displayed an increasing trend in landslide-prone areas, with the SSP5-8.5 scenario displaying the most significant increase. Taking this into consideration, landslide response priorities were established, with Goseong County in South Gyeongsang ranking first with an LSA ratio of 88.4%. This suggests that this area should be prioritized for future landslide risk mitigation.Conclusion: The study provides a foundational model for future landslide response strategies which consider environmental changes. limitations of the study were challenges in considering landslide conditioning factors other than rainfall when analyzing future landslide susceptibility. Future studies will aim to provide more reliable information through higher resolution analysis and damage scale predictions and to discern response priorities.
Affective Ambiguities and Incompatible Value Frameworks: Sustaining Collaborations Within and beyond Neoliberal Academia
Authors: Dilger Hansjörg , Mashimi Kristina , Nyazy Saloua
Published: November 2023

In this article, the authors mobilize the concept of affective ambiguity in order to explore the epistemological and structural incompatibilities that collaboration implies in the context of the highly asymmetrical relationships of power within and beyond neoliberal academia. They show that collaborations between university-based anthropologists at different stages of their careers and the groups and communities they seek to collaborate with are governed by mutually contradictory value frameworks. These value frameworks are shaped by the structural inequalities of these constellations and by diverging temporalities, socialities, and expectations that tend to make such collaborations unsustainable. Drawing on their own involvement in Kollektiv Polylog, a collective of refugee women, lecturers, former students, and activists in and beyond Berlin that are working together in the context of various publication, teaching, and video projects, the authors highlight the affective, temporal, and material resources that all actors need to invest in order to make collaboration productive.
Re/assembling Antiracisms – or How to Produce “Para-Sites” of Co-Articulation. A Field Attempt
Authors: Hess Sabine
Published: November 2023

Against the background of the ongoing collaborative research and archiving project “Re/assembling antiracisms in Germany,” I discuss what anthropologists have to offer in highly complex settings of “activist expert cultures,” and thus how such projects can best be designed. The paper argues that rather than thinking of such projects in terms of collaboration (or “co-laboration”), it is more about co-articulating the differently situated knowledges and experiences on offer, with anthropologists more and more taking on the role of a curator. By drawing on the concept of “para-sites,” as proposed by Douglas Holmes and Georg Marcus, I further argue that it is no longer about helping others to find their voice but rather about creating spaces and infrastructures of listening.
Multilingual Encounters beyond (Research) Collaboration: Public Anthropology and “Linguistic Others” in Post-2015 Germany
Authors: Albrecht Judith , Selim Nasima
Published: November 2023

This paper reflects on anthropology’s public role in the aftermath of Germany’s so-called “refugee crisis” of 2015. Media and political discussions clearly showed that the dominant (German) culture/Kultur discourse had been primarily based on nineteenth-century evolutionist ideas, structural racism, and growing right-wing populism rather than on established anthropological insights into cultural identity, gender, religion, transnational realities, and political economy. Methodological anthropological tools (i.e., self-reflexivity, ethical considerations, positionality) were nearly non-existent in sociopolitical programs or strategies. We argue for an epistemological shift by referring to current challenges and limitations regarding collaborative research. We propose Encounter/Begegnung as an epistemological standpoint for public anthropology by going beyond research, enabling diverse engagement, knowledge production, and representation. Based on cumulative insights spanning six years of the interdisciplinary, multilingual (Arabic, Farsi, German, English) “Encounter/Begegnung” media project, we argue for shifting the focus from collaboration to encounters as a necessary impetus for public anthropology in post-2015 Germany.
The Weight of Witnessing: Commitment, Expectation, and Responsibility in Child Protection Ethnography
Authors: Fay Franziska
Published: November 2023

The practice of witnessing holds particular power regarding the question of how best to assure children’s wellbeing. This is especially true for the field of internationally initiated attempts at child protection, often against corporal punishment, as I have explored them in Zanzibar, Tanzania. Acts of witnessing are imbued with a sense of commitment, with a variety of expectations, and with a certain obligation, or responsibility, to act upon what one comes to see or know. In order to understand witnessing as a relational and collaborative process first, rather than as an anthropological self-identification, I propose to think with witnessing as having a weight, and of potential ways to reconsider how this weight of witnessing may be distributed differently, in child protection ethnography specifically, and anthropology more generally.
Parents’ Attitudes to the Closure of Small Rural Primary Schools
Authors: Archbold Alice , Nisbet John
Published: November 2023

Attitudes of 134 parents of children from 10 rural schools threatened with closure, and 56 parents of children from seven schools recently closed, were assessed by interview. Most parents opposed closure, and most gave educational reasons for their attitudes. Of those parents who favoured closure, most had children at schools where the quality of education was suspect. Opposition was likely to be strong where children were transferred to another small school rather than to a larger school. After closure, the majority of parents expressed preference for the larger schools now attended by their children, though their links with the school had diminished.
Taxonomic diversity of racerunners with descriptions of two new Eremias species (Sauria: Lacertidae) from Central Iran
Authors: ORLOVA VALENTINA F. , RASEGAR-POUYANI ESKANDAR , RAJABIZADEH KHOSROW , NABIZADEH HOSSEIN , POYARKOV NIKOLAY A. , MELNIKOV DANIEL A. , NAZAROV ROMAN A.
Published: November 2023

We provide a diversity assessment of Iranian species of the genus Eremias based on the cytochrome oxidase I mtDNA gene fragment. We analyzed 93 genetic samples from the entire distribution of the Eremias fasciata species complex in Iran and surrounding regions, along with morphological data to support the description of two new species from Central Iran. We hypothesize that the diversification of the Eremias fasciata species complex was largely influenced by the fragmentation of sand massifs in the region. This same hypothesis has been used to explain the high level of endemism among the sand-dwelling species of reptiles along the Iranian Plateau in the same area. The two new species described herein can be distinguished from other congeneric species by their phylogenetic position and a combination of morphological characters. We use these data to discuss the taxonomy of Eremias based on morphology, habitat choice, and genetic data.
Klimeschiopsis terroris auctt. from Spain—a further case of cryptic diversity in European Lepidoptera (Lepidoptera, Gelechiidae, Gelechiinae)
Authors: HUEMER PETER , KARSHOLT OLE
Published: November 2023

A new species of Gnorimoschemini (Gelechiidae), Klimeschiopsis arnoldfransorum sp. nov., is described from specimens collected in Spain. The species is most closely related to Klimeschiopsis terroris (Hartig, 1938), with which it was hitherto mixed, but differs particularly by its small size with reduced yellowish-white forewing markings, the characters of the male and female genitalia, and the highly divergent DNA barcode (cytochrome c-oxidase subunit 1). Adult and genitalia of both sexes are figured. Finally, a checklist of the genus is provided.
Two-Dimensional Amorphous Titanium Dioxide/Silver (TiO2/Ag) Nanosheets as a Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy Substrate for Highly Sensitive Detection
Authors: Zhang Lan , Wu Shiying , Zhang Tingting , Li Anqi , Wang Gongying , Wang Lingling , Liu Chang , Li Weihua , Li Jiansheng , Lu Rui
Published: November 2023

For the purpose of investigating the chemical enhancement of amorphous semiconductors as well as increasing the sensitivity of the surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) substrate, titanium dioxide (TiO2) precursors were calcined at different temperatures to generate crystallized TiO2 (c-TiO2) and amorphous TiO2 (a-TiO2) nanosheets, respectively. Afterward, a two-dimensional (2D) a-TiO2/Ag nanosheet SERS substrate was successfully fabricated using electrostatic interaction between a-TiO2 and Ag nanoparticles. In order to demonstrate a greater SERS sensitivity on a-TiO2/Ag compared to either c-TiO2 or Ag nanoparticles alone, the SERS probe molecules rhodamine 6G (R6G) and malachite green (MG) were utilized. Based on the results of SERS detections for probe molecules and contaminants, it demonstrates that a-TiO2/Ag nanosheets produce highly sensitive and repeatable Raman signals. The detectable concentration limits for R6G and MG were found to be 10−11 M and 10–10 M, respectively. And it has been determined that the system exhibits an enhancement factor (EF) of up to 1  ×  108. The limit of detection for 4-mercaptobenzoic acid and alizarin red can both reach 1  ×  10–8. Furthermore, a finite-difference time-domain simulation is performed in order to evaluate the magnetic field strength generated by Ag nanoparticles. As a result of the simulation, it is evident that the actual EF is smaller than the calculated one, leading support to the view that a-TiO2 nanosheets have a beneficial effect on the chemical enhancement of SERS.
Acute type A aortic dissection surgery in retrosternal gastric tube reconstruction patient
Authors: Luangthong Nutthawadee , Yamamoto Shin , Oshima Susumu , Hirokami Tomohiro , Ozaki Kensuke
Published: November 2023

Background

Retrosternal gastric tube reconstruction is a common surgical technique for managing esophageal cancer, but it complicates acute type A aortic dissection repair and raises concerns about gastric tube damage.

Case presentation

A 73-year-old female, who underwent esophagectomy with retrosternal gastric tube reconstruction 6 months ago for esophageal cancer, presented with severe chest pain. Acute type A aortic dissection was confirmed by contrast-enhanced computed tomography, and emergency hemiarch replacement through a median sternotomy was performed, preserving the gastric tube without injury. The patient recovered well and was discharged after 3 weeks, showing no gastrointestinal symptoms or signs of mediastinitis.
An Intersectional Analysis of Moral Distress and Intention to Leave Employment Among Long-Term Care Providers in British Columbia
Authors: Smith Julia , Tiwana Muhammad Haaris , Samji Hasina , Morgan Rosemary , Purewal Simran , Delgado-Ron Jorge Andres
Published: November 2023

Objectives: In this study, we aimed to explore the relationship between intersectional inequities and moral distress among those working in Long-Term Care (LTC) in British Columbia, Canada. Methods: This was a cross-sectional and retrospective study. We assessed moral distress, of 1678 respondents, using a modified Moral Distress Scale, and an equivalent distress mitigation score, at the intersections of gender and racial/ethnic identity. Then, we explored which worker attributes were more predictive of intention to leave work. Results: We found notable difference in experiences of moral distress across intersecting identities, including high moral distress scores among Indigenous men and women, and white women. Significant differences in mitigation scores were also found by intersectional identities. Discussion: Moral distress was the most important predictor of intention to leave work. The differences across racial and gender identity groups suggest the need for tailored interventions to address moral distress among LTC providers.
Assessment of Possible Economic Alignment Between G20 Nations with Special Focus on India, G7 and G12: A General Equilibrium Analysis
Authors: Srivastava Archana , Mathur Somesh Kumar , Mathur Rachna , De Prabir
Published: November 2023

The article analyses the ex-ante effects of India’s possible alignment with G20 countries. The study considers G7, G12 and G20 countries as separate blocks. The study analyses India’s bilateral tariff and non-tariff liberalisation, free flow of factors of production, Global Value Chain (GVC) participation, output-oriented technological progress in manufacturing, transport and communication and the introduction of shipping technology in India. The study considers liberalisation in G7 standalone, G12 standalone, G20 standalone and also G20 comprehensive liberalisation. The study also considers India’s bilateral standalone liberalisation with G7, G12 and G20 countries separately using computable general equilibrium (CGE) analysis with the help of the Global Trade Analysis Project (GTAP) 10 database. The overall results indicate that strengthening of GVC standalone in the G20 region may bring maximum welfare to the region. Further, the sectors which may gain the most seem to be grain crops, meat and meat products, textiles and apparel, etc., and in terms of factors of production, all other factors of production would gain but land and natural resources seem to lose in terms of real returns to factor of production. Addressing issues related to factor movements and policies strengthening GVCs can bring about relatively higher growth and welfare, respectively, in the G20 nations as compared to other trade and industrial policies.
Attitudes of South Australian psychiatrists towards attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in adults
Authors: Cao Claudia , Deakin Callum , Gill Shane
Published: November 2023

Objective

A lack of access to psychiatric services for adult ADHD is a recognised issue in South Australia and nationally. This study aims to explore the practices of local psychiatrists and their attitudes towards adult ADHD, with a view to determining any barriers influencing accessibility to treatment.

Methods

We developed an online survey to examine the aims of the study. Free text boxes were included to obtain qualitative data. Quantitative data were tallied and presented as percentages. Qualitative data (free text responses) were analysed thematically.

Results

73 out of 322 psychiatrists responded (22.7%). The greatest barrier to seeing adult ADHD was the fear of being inundated with cases (68.5%), followed by lack of experience managing ADHD (32.9%), and potential drug-seeking behaviour of patients (31.5%). Two overarching qualitative themes were identified: practical barriers and attitudinal barriers.

Conclusion

ADHD service provision is complex and relates to many systemic factors such as public versus private, funding, and service organisation. More psychiatrists need to become involved in treating ADHD so that the work is more widely spread. Increased training in ADHD is also needed to increase confidence in managing the condition.
A Cyclical Model of Passion and Performance in New Venture Teams: Cross-Level Interactions With a Lead Entrepreneur’s Passion and Passion Diversity
Authors: Yoo Sangok , Lee Younggeun , Lee Yunsoo , Bae Tae Jun
Published: November 2023

Recent studies indicate that a team with entrepreneurial passion performs positively. To understand the dynamics of new venture teams (NVTs), however, more research is needed on cross-level interactions and the cyclical relationship between passion and performance. We hypothesize that the perception of a lead entrepreneur’s passion and entrepreneurial passion diversity are team-level constructs that influence the relationship between entrepreneurial passion and performance. Furthermore, utilizing the input-mediator-output-input (IMOI) model, we investigate whether the performance of NVTs affects members’ pre- and post-entrepreneurial passions while developing their businesses. We collected and analyzed multi-wave data from 160 individuals nested in 53 NVTs. The results indicate that entrepreneurial passion predicts perceptions of performance in general. However, the focal relationship is moderated by how NVT members perceive the lead entrepreneur’s passion. Our findings also suggest that entrepreneurial passion diversity directly hinders performance perception, although it does not influence the passion-performance link. Moreover, this study reveals that the perception of NVT performance mediates the effect of prior passion on subsequent passion, supporting the cyclic nature of the passion-performance relationship in NVTs. The theoretical and practical implications of this study are discussed.
Parole as a boxing match: Lifers, prosecution, and the adversarial making of parole hearings
Authors: Dagan Netanel
Published: November 2023

Despite being depicted as powerful actors, the work of the State's representatives in parole hearings has to date remained largely invisible. In this study, we aimed to fill this gap through a qualitative analysis of the oral arguments of prosecutors in 130 lifers’ parole board hearings in Israel. The findings suggest that prosecutors construct lifers’ parole hearings as an adversarial, yet asymmetrical, “boxing match.” Three themes were unveiled: Prosecutors construct the lifers as worthy of re-censure; view the lifers as solely responsible for their parole release; and construct the lifers as inherently suspicious individuals. In conclusion, prosecutors’ parole work seems to be more a defense of their shared professional identity as crime fighters than a promotion of an individualized, inclusive, and future-oriented parole decision-making process.
Reconceptualizing host/tourist interactions: The connection between roles, power, and discourse in the service encounter
Authors: Cartier Elizabeth A , Lowry Linda L
Published: November 2023

The purpose of this study is to provide a conceptual view of the host/tourist relationship in the service encounter by providing a reconstructed account of how roles, power, and discourse are enacted from the lens of the host. This argument relies on Jackson and Mazzei’s (2013, 2018, 2022) “plugging in” notion of thinking with theory to simultaneously consider power as described by Foucault using the role theory of Merton and linking them with Lukes’ three dimensions of power. Through the progression of thinking/interpreting with each theoretical perspective while being conscious of the others, we provide a conceptualization of the impact discourse choices have on roles and power structures that emerge in tourism and hospitality businesses. This new view of the service encounter explains tourist dominance where the host willingly takes a compliance role due to discourse choices.
Patient-Reported Outcome Measurement Information System Measures for Proximal Interphalangeal Joint Arthrodesis in Lesser Toe Deformities
Authors: Martin Hannah R. , Kadakia Anish R.
Published: November 2023

Although hammertoe (HT) is a common complaint among foot patients, there is little consensus on the best surgical approach for correction. These authors hypothesized that the use of a headless intramedullary screw across both the proximal interphalangeal joint (PIPJ) and distal interphalangeal joint (DIPJ) would decrease many post-surgical complications, such as infection, pain, and mallet toe deformity, found in traditional HT corrective surgical techniques. In this retrospective cohort study, N = 163 adult patients who had undergone DIPJ/PIPJ arthrodesis for HT correction at least 1 year prior to the study were identified. One hundred fifty-nine patients were contacted through REDCap to complete Patient-Reported Outcome Measurement Information System (PROMIS) physical function (PF) and pain interference (PI). Demographic, radiographic, and follow-up data were taken from the electronic medical record (EMR). Analysis was completed with Microsoft Excel; PROMIS PF and PI measures for the 32-person cohort were 45.65 ± 8.26 and 51.65 ± 9.01, respectively. The PF and PI measures had a statistically significant correlation (R2 = 0.71). The 163-person cohort had an overall revision rate of 6.75%, or 11 patients, and an infection rate of 1.23%. This procedure had lower rates of residual pain, infection, mallet toe deformity, and reoperation when compared with current techniques. This study supports the safety and viability of PIPJ/DIPJ arthrodesis using a headless screw for HT correction.

Levels of Evidence: Level III Retrospective Cohort Study
The Death of the Girlboss: Critical Feminist Epistemology and Implications for Human Resource Development
Authors: Cavallo Taylor , Collins Joshua C.
Published: November 2023

Since their entrance into the workforce, millennial women have had to navigate the workplace and professional life differently than previous generations. In order to navigate challenges within the professional space effectively, some professional millennial women adopted a mentality that has come to be known as the girlboss, which emerged as a dominant archetype in both professional spaces and the broader cultural landscape and inherently propagated white feminism. The purpose of this paper is to utilize critical feminist epistemology to critique the idea of the girlboss with the intent to open the possibility for more inclusive conversations about gender, sexuality, race, power, intersectionality, and work. This paper concludes with a discussion that includes implications for HRD research and practice.
The history of the Jizera Mts forests in the former heavily polluted area of Central Europe
Authors: Kuneš Ivan , Podrázský Vilém , Baláš Martin , Remeš Jiří , Navrátil Petr , Kuc Marek , Smejkal Jiří , Bursíková Jana , Paluch Jarosław G
Published: November 2023

The Jizera Mountains, situated on the Czech-Polish border and close to Germany, are today an environmentally valuable area attractive for visitors from sportspeople to nature lovers. In the 1980s, however, these mountains were among the most ecologically disrupted places in Europe. Emissions from lignite power plants largely destroyed the Jizera forests. This review summarises the development of forests in the Jizera Mountains and the human activities that influenced the area since the Middle Ages. Particular attention is given to the Industrial Revolution and also to the air pollution calamity in the 1970s and 1980s. The paper describes the causes of the decline of the forests and the factors that led to a significant improvement. Existing challenges for foresters and environmentalists are discussed. This paper views the development of forest ecosystems in the light of political and social events in the border area of three states where the Jizera Mountains are located.
Influence of the COVID-19 pandemic on children with autism spectrum disorder and their mothers in Japan
Authors: Asaoka Hiroshi , Okamura Shoji , Baba Chitose , Fujimoto Natsumi , Ishizuka Yuka , Takahashi Tomoya
Published: November 2023

Background and aims

Research on the psychological impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic has highlighted its negative and positive effects on children with autism spectrum disorder and their families. However, little is known about the neutral effects that remain the same, even in particular circumstances, and how children with autism spectrum disorder and their parents perceive each other. We explored how children with autism spectrum disorder and their mothers perceived and experienced the pandemic in Japan.

Methods

A mixed-methods design was employed. Thirteen children with autism spectrum disorder and 12 mothers participated. Data were collected through online semi-structured interviews and analyzed using thematic analysis. Similarities and differences in perceptions were compared.

Results

The results revealed six broad themes and 27 categories. Regarding neutral effects, some mothers reported no substantial impact because there were no changes in their jobs or other dramatic life changes. In addition, some children were not affected because they had had no social contact before the pandemic or because their lives had not changed dramatically. Regarding the perceptions of children/mothers, most expressed that they/their children enjoyed spending time with their families. At home, mothers made various efforts to interact with their children. However, mothers and children differed in their perceptions, such as regarding the emergence of anxiety about conducting school events and the resolution of study-related concerns.

Conclusions

There were negative, neutral, and positive effects on both children with autism spectrum disorder and their mothers; specifically, they were striving to move forward to overcome the problems posed by the pandemic. Both parties tapped into their resilience by enhancing family interactions, such as cooking together or discussing children's interests.

Implications

These findings have important implications for developing more creative solutions to the challenges of coping and resilience in future crises.
Megakaryocyte-induced contraction of plasma clots: cellular mechanisms and structural mechanobiology
Authors: Kim Oleg V. , Litvinov Rustem I. , Gagne Alyssa L. , French Deborah L. , Brass Lawrence F. , Weisel John W.
Published: November 2023

Nonmuscle cell contractility is an essential feature underlying diverse cellular processes such as motility, morphogenesis, division and genome replication, intracellular transport, and secretion. Blood clot contraction is a well-studied process driven by contracting platelets. Megakaryocytes (MKs), which are the precursors to platelets, can be found in bone marrow and lungs. Although they express many of the same proteins and structures found in platelets, little is known about their ability to engage with extracellular proteins such as fibrin and contract. Here, we have measured the ability of MKs to compress plasma clots. Megakaryocytes derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) were suspended in human platelet-free blood plasma and stimulated with thrombin. Using real-time macroscale optical tracking, confocal microscopy, and biomechanical measurements, we found that activated iPSC-derived MKs (iMKs) caused macroscopic volumetric clot shrinkage, as well as densification and stiffening of the fibrin network via fibrin-attached plasma membrane protrusions undergoing extension-retraction cycles that cause shortening and bending of fibrin fibers. Contraction induced by iMKs involved 2 kinetic phases with distinct rates and durations. It was suppressed by inhibitors of nonmuscle myosin IIA, actin polymerization, and integrin αIIbβ3–fibrin interactions, indicating that the molecular mechanisms of iMK contractility were similar or identical to those in activated platelets. Our findings provide new insights into MK biomechanics and suggest that iMKs can be used as a model system to study platelet contractility. Physiologically, the ability of MKs to contract plasma clots may play a role in the mechanical remodeling of intravascular blood clots and thrombi.
How I treat refractory and relapsed acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Thol Felicitas , Döhner Hartmut , Ganser Arnold
Published: November 2023

Most patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) develop refractory/relapsed (R/R) disease even in the presence of novel and targeted therapies. Given the biological complexity of the disease and differences in frontline treatments, there are therapies approved for only subgroups of R/R AML, and enrollment in clinical trials should be first priority. Allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) is the only potentially curative strategy for most patients. Therapeutic approaches, including allogeneic HCT, triggered by the presence of measurable residual disease (MRD), have recently evolved to prevent overt hematologic relapse. Salvage therapy with chemotherapy or targeted therapy is frequently administered before HCT to reduce the leukemic burden. Gilteritinib is approved by the Food and Drug Administration and European Medicines Agency for patients with relapsed FLT3 mutated AML, whereas targeted therapy for relapsed IDH1/2 mutated AML has only FDA approval. Patients who are R/R after azacitidine and venetoclax (AZA/VEN) have a dismal outcome. In this setting, even available targeted therapies show unsatisfactory results. Examples of ongoing developments include menin inhibitors, a targeted therapy for patients with mutated NPM1 or KMT2A rearrangements, antibodies targeting the macrophage immune checkpoint CD47, and triple combinations involving AZA/VEN. The latter cause significant myelosuppressive effects, which make it challenging to find the right schedule and dose.
Standard views do not suffice in assessing distal scaphoid articular cannulated screw penetration
Authors: Chammas Pierre-Emmanuel , Pastor Maxime , Chammas Michel , Buijze Geert Alexander
Published: November 2023

Background

Articular screw penetration is one of the most common hardware-related problems after scaphoid fracture fixation, occurring in up to two-thirds of patients, in particular into the scaphotrapezotrapezoidal (STT) joint. The aim of this study was to investigate whether this clinically important issue could be detected using standard anteroposterior (AP) and lateral, as well as additional nonstandard fluoroscopic views using direct open visualization with magnifying loupes as reference standard.

Materials and methods

Ten fresh cadaver wrists were used for this imaging study. A 2.2 mm cannulated compression screws with a length of 24 mm was placed in the scaphoid and incrementally left to protrude at the STT joint up to 2 mm. Eight fluoroscopic views of the wrist were then obtained by rotating the forearm using goniometric measurements, keeping the image beam parallel to the floor: (1) anteroposterior with the wrist in neutral rotation, (2) anteroposterior with the wrist in ulnar deviation, (3) supinated oblique 60° from neutral (60° supinated oblique), (4) supinated oblique 45° from neutral (45° supinated oblique), (5) a true lateral, (6) a true lateral with the wrist in radial deviation, (7) pronated oblique 45° from neutral (45° pronated oblique), and (8) a pronated oblique 60° from neutral (60° pronated oblique).

Results

Standard anteroposterior and lateral fluoroscopy views (radiographically calibrated) of a percutaneous cannulated screw fixation of a scaphoid fracture were insufficient to detect distal articular penetration, missing half the amount of screw penetrations in the current study. The 45° pronated oblique view was found as the most sensitive in detecting STT penetration (p < 0.0001).

Conclusions

Standard anteroposterior and lateral fluoroscopy views of a percutaneous cannulated screw fixation of a scaphoid waist fracture are insufficient to detect STT screw penetration. According to the current study, standard views would have missed half the amount of screw penetrations, which seems to reflect the high incidence of this problem in current practice. The most sensitive view was the 45° pronated oblique view, which detected STT screw penetration in all cases.

Level of Evidence Not applicable.