bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Shen Shuai II Recipe attenuates apoptosis in 5/6th renal ablation/infarction rats by inhibiting p53 and mitochondrial pathway of apoptosis
Authors: Wang Meng , Yang Jing , Yang Liuyi , Wang Chen
Published: November 2019

Background Chronic kidney disease (CKD) has become a serious challenge to global public health. Apoptosis is closely related to the evolution of CKD. In China, it has been noted that Chinese herbal medicine may be suitable for the treatment of CKD. Shen Shuai II Recipe (SSR) is a classic formula for the treatment of CKD in the clinic and proves the renprotective effects. However, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. The main purpose of this study was to investigate whether SSR could reduce apoptosis in 5/6 renal ablation/infarction (A/I) hypoxia model by regulating p53 and mitochondrial pathway of apoptosis.Methods 28 days after the 5/6 (A/I) surgery, Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups: sham group, 5/6 (A/I) group, 5/6 (A/I) + SSR group and 5/6 (A/I) +Losartan group (5/6 (A/I) +LOR). After 56 days of treatment, we mainly assessed the translocation of apoptotic factors in mitochondrial apoptosis pathway, the degree of mitochondrial dysfunction and the nuclear and mitochondrial translocation of p53. Furthermore, we detected the interaction of p53 with anti-apoptotic Bcl-xL and Bcl-2 proteins.Results SSR significantly inhibited the mitochondrial accumulation of pro-apoptotic protein Bax and Puma and release of cytochrome c from mitochondria to cytosol in the 5/6 (A/I) model. In addition, SSR improved the mitochondrial function and inhibited the nuclear and mitochondrial translocation of p53. SSR suppressed the p53 transactivation and the interaction of p53 with Bcl-xL and Bcl-2.Conclusions These results suggested that SSR could exert anti-apoptotic effects in the 5/6 (A/I) hypoxia model by inhibiting p53 transcriptional dependent and independent pro-apoptotic functions and the mitochondrial pathway of apoptosis.
Integration of sRNA, degradome, transcriptome analysis and functional investigation reveals gma-miR398c negatively regulates drought tolerance via GmCSDs and GmCCS in transgenic Arabidopsis and soybean
Authors: Zhou Yonggang , Liu Weican , Li Xiaowei , Sun Daqian , Xu Keheng , Feng Chen , Foka Idrice Carther Kue , Toi Ketehouli , Gao Hongtao , Wang Nan , Dong Yuanyuan , Wang Fawei , Li Haiyan
Published: November 2019

Background: Drought conditions adversely affect soybean growth, resulting in severe yield losses worldwide. Increasing experimental evidence indicates miRNAs are important post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression. However, the drought-responsive molecular mechanism underlying miRNA–mRNA interactions remains largely uncharacterized in soybean. Meanwhile, the miRNA-regulated drought response pathways based on multi-omics approaches remain elusive. Results: We combined sRNA, transcriptome and degradome sequencing to elucidate the complex regulatory mechanism mediating soybean drought resistance. One-thousand transcripts from 384 target genes of 365 miRNAs, which were enriched in the peroxisome, were validated by degradome-seq. An integrated analysis showed 42 miRNA–target pairs exhibited inversely related expression profiles. Among these pairs, a strong induction of gma-miR398c as a hub gene negatively regulates multiple peroxisome-related genes ( GmCSD 1a/b, GmCSD 2a/b/c and GmCCS ). Meanwhile, we detected that alternative splicing of GmCSD1a/b might affect soybean drought tolerance by bypassing gma-miR398c regulation. Overexpressing gma-miR398c in Arabidopsis thaliana L. resulted in decreased percentage germination, increased leaf water loss, and reduced survival under water deficiency, which displayed sensitivity to drought during seed germination and seedling growth. Furthermore, overexpressing gma-miR398c in soybean decreased GmCSD 1a/b, GmCSD 2a/b/c and GmCCS expression, which weakened the ability to scavenge O 2 .− , resulting in increased relative electrolyte leakage and stomatal opening compared with knockout miR398c and wild-type soybean under drought conditions. Conclusion: The study indicates that gma-miR398c negatively regulates soybean drought tolerance, and provides novel insights useful for breeding programs to improve drought resistance by CRISPR technology.
Excess Mortality and Risk Factors for Mortality Among Patients with Severe Mental Disorders Receiving Home Care Case Management
Authors: Chen Wen-Yin , Huang Sheng-Jean , Chang Chin-Kuo , Pan Chun-Hung , Su Sheng-Shiang , Yang Tien-Wei , Kuo Chian-Jue
Published: November 2019

Background: Home care case management (CM) is the main intervention for patients with severe mental disorders (SMDs) requiring outreach care. The present study investigated the long-term mortality outcome and associated risk factors in patients who received home care CM. Methods: In this nationwide study, we enrolled patients who received home care CM (n=10255) between January 1, 1999, and December 31, 2010; data of these patients were derived from a Taiwan health insurance database. We calculated the standardized mortality ratio (SMR) as the ratio of observed deaths in the study cohort to expected deaths in the general population and presented by diagnosis. Multivariate regression was performed to assess independent risk factors for mortality. Results: Among 10255 patients who received home care CM, 1409 died during the study period; the overall SMR was 3.13. Specifically, patients with organic mental disorder had the highest SMR (4.98), followed by those with schizophrenia (3.89), major depression (2.98), and bipolar disorder (1.97). After adjustment for confounding factors in the multivariate analysis, patients with organic mental disorder or dementia had the highest risk of mortality, whereas the mortality risk in patients with schizophrenia was comparable to that in patients with bipolar disorder or major depression. Deceased patients had a significantly higher proportion of acute or chronic physical illnesses, including cancer, chronic hepatic disease, and pneumonia. Conclusion: This study presented the gap of mortality in patients with SMDs receiving home care CM in Taiwan. We highlight the need for more effective strategies to improve medical care for this specified population.
Seasonal Variation in the Occurrence of Retinal Vein Occlusion: A 4-Year Case Control Study
Authors: Matsuzawa Moe , Sakanishi Yoshihito , Ebihara Nobuyuki
Published: November 2019

Retinal vein occlusion (RVO) is a common retinal vascular disease that causes a loss of vision. Therefore, we investigated whether there is seasonal variation in the onset of RVO, to examine the possibility of preventing it. Methods: Patients with RVO who were treated at the Juntendo University Urayasu Hospital between April 2013 and March 2017 were included in this retrospective study. The season in which the RVO occurred was recorded for each case, and the cases were grouped into 2-month periods and classified by age, sex and hypertension status. The frequency of occurrence of RVO across seasons was compared using a chi-squared test. Results: A total of 348 patients with RVO presented during the study period, with information regarding the date of RVO onset. The cohort of 348 consisted of 167 males and 181 females who, overall, had a mean age of 64.0 years (range 17–96 years). The highest incidence of RVO onset was during January/February, with the lowest incidence during July/August. Patient age, sex and hypertension status did not influence the results. Conclusions: The seasonal onset of RVO tended to be higher in January and February and lower in July and August. These findings suggest that eyecare professionals should be more vigilant in watching for the occurrence of RVO during winter, regardless of the patient’s sex, age or hypertension status. Keywords: retinal vein occlusion; seasonality; risk factors
Standardised neonatal parenteral nutrition formulations – Australasian Neonatal Parenteral Nutrition Consensus update 2017
Authors: Bolisetty Srinivas , Osborn David , Schindler Tim , Sinn John , Deshpande Girish , Wong Chee Sing , Jacobs Susan , Phad Nilkant , Pharande Pramod , Tobiansky Rodney , Luig Melissa , Trivedi Amit , McIntosh Joanne , Jozsa Eszter , Opie Gillian , Downe Lyn , Anderson Chad , Bhatia Vineesh , Kumar Prasanna , Malinen Katri , Birch Pita , Simmer Karen , McLeod Gemma , Suzanne Quader , Rajadurai Victor Samuel , Hewson Michael , Nair Arun , Williams Megan , Xiao Jing , Ravindranathan Hari , Broadbent Roland , Lui Kei
Published: November 2019

The first consensus standardised neonatal parenteral nutrition formulations were implemented in many neonatal units in Australia in 2012. The current update involving 49 units from Australia, New Zealand, Singapore, Malaysia and India was conducted between September 2015 and December 2017 with the aim to review and update the 2012 formulations and guidelines. Methods: A systematic review of available evidence for each parenteral nutrient was undertaken and new standardised formulations and guidelines were developed. Results: Five existing preterm Amino acid-Dextrose formulations have been modified and two new concentrated Amino acid-Dextrose formulations added to optimise amino acid and nutrient intake according to gestation. Organic phosphate has replaced inorganic phosphate allowing for an increase in calcium and phosphate content, and acetate reduced. Lipid emulsions are unchanged, with both SMOFlipid and ClinOleic preparations included. The physicochemical compatibility and stability of all formulations have been tested and confirmed. Guidelines to standardise the parenteral nutrition clinical practice across facilities have also been developed. Conclusions: Formulations and guidelines to standardise parenteral nutrition practice across the Australasian region have the potential to improve nutrition and clinical outcomes of neonates. Standardisation can also result in cost savings, quality improvement and error minimisation in PN prescribing and ordering.
Ultrasound-guided thoracic paravertebral block for percutaneous kyphoplasty: A prospective non-randomized comparative study
Authors: Tang Chengxuan , Xia Haijie , Tang Xiaojun , Dai Minghai , Peng Maoxiu , Wu Ansheng , Zhang Weihao , He Shaoqi
Published: November 2019

Background: Kyphoplasty for osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures was short but painful especially during trocar insertion, balloon dilatation and cement injection. Different anesthetic techniques have been proposed to control pain during kyphoplasty, but all have limitations. The purpose of the current study was to investigate the effects and safety of ultrasound-guided thoracic paravertebral block in patients undergoing percutaneous kyphoplasty (PKP). Methods: A prospective study of 195 patients with thoracic compression fracture undergoing PKK was conducted. The patients were non-randomly assigned to receive an ultrasound-guided thoracic paravertebral block (Group P, n=96) and local infiltration anesthesia (Group L, n=99), and were compared along with anesthesia time, operation time, blood loss, hospitalization time, costs, complications, additional analgesia rate, investigators’ satisfaction scores, patients’ anesthesia satisfaction scores and intention rate of re-administration anesthesia. Visual analog scale (VAS) of pain, systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and heart rate (HR) were measured at pre-anesthesia (T0), post-anesthesia (T1), trocar insertion (T2), balloon dilatation (T3), cement injection (T4) and post-operation (T5). Results: The anesthesia time was significantly longer in group P than in group L (23.73±4.20 min vs. 6.31±2.14 min, P <0.05). There were no significant differences in the epidemiological data, operation time, blood loss, hospitalization time complications and costs between the two groups. The additional analgesics rate was significantly lower in group P than in group L (6.25% vs. 23.23%, P <0.05). The investigators’ satisfaction scores [4 (3-5) vs. 3(2-4), P <0.05], patients’ anesthesia satisfaction scores [2 (2-3) vs. 2 (1-3), P <0.05] and intention rate of re-administration anesthesia (90.63% vs. 69.70%, P <0.05) were significantly higher in group P than in group L. Intraoperative VAS score (T1-T4) was significantly lower in group P than in group L (2 (1-3) vs. 3 (2-4), 2 (2-3) vs. 4 (2-4), 2 (2-3) vs. 5 (3-5), 3 (2-3) vs. 5 (3-5), P <0.05). There was no significant difference in VAS scores (T0 and T5), SBP, DBP and HR between these two groups. Conclusion: Ultrasound - guided thoracic paravertebral block achieved more effective analgesia in comparison to local infiltration groups in patients undergoing percutaneous kyphoplasty.
The Functional Outcomes and Complications of Different Reconstruction Methods for Giant Cell Tumor of the Distal Radius: Comparison of Osteoarticular Allograft and Three-Dimensional-Printed Prosthesis
Authors: Wang Yitian , Min Li , Lu Minxun , Zhou Yong , Wang Jie , Zhang Yuqi , Tang Fan , Luo Yi , Duan Hong , Tu Chongqi
Published: November 2019

Background: En bloc excision is increasingly used for the management of giant cell tumor in the distal radius. Osteoarticular allograft is extensively used for decades, also custom-made prosthesis reconstruction is recently applied widely. We aimed to firstly compare the clinical outcomes of the two procedures. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed thirty-two patients with Campanacci III or recurrent GCT of the distal radius for follow-up at a mean of 33.2 months. Sixteen underwent osteoarticular allograft reconstruction (allograft group) and sixteen received cementless three-dimensional(3D)-printed prosthesis reconstruction (prosthesis group) between March 18, 2013, and May 20, 2018. All patients were assessed by clinical and radiological examinations, including pre- and postoperative active range of motion (ROM) of the wrist, VAS score, grip strength, degenerative change of wrist, Mayo wrist score and Musculoskeletal Tumor Society (MSTS) score. Complications were evaluated on the Henderson classification. Results: Both groups showed significantly increased ROM, grip strength, Mayo score and MSTS score postoperatively. MSTS and Mayo score were significantly higher in prosthesis group. There was no significant difference in grip strength and VAS between two groups. In allograft group, one had a local recurrence; one had a late infection; four had wrist subluxation. All patients had degenerative changes (mean 9 months, 95% CI: 8.03-9.97). One had resorption of allograft without allograft bone fracture. In the prosthesis group, one had a local recurrence. Three developed wrist subluxation. Three had separation of the distal radioulnar joint. None of the patients developed degeneration of wrist. Conclusions: Our study firstly compared the objective functional outcomes and complications of two reconstructive methods for the Campanacci III or recurrent GCT in the distal radius. 3D-printed prosthesis replacement can preserve better wrist function than allograft reconstruction at short-term. During 3D-printed prosthesis design, preoperative morphological assessment of affected proximal row carpal is helpful to control the postoperative dislocation. After allograft reconstruction, degeneration of wrist, which has been proved in all patients, severely influence their wrist function. Therefore, compared with allograft reconstruction, 3D-printed prosthesis reconstruction shows its irreplaceable advantages at early-stage application, especially in wrist function, but its larger cases research at longer follow-up are needed.
A TECNOLOGIA DA INFORMAÇÃO E COMUNICAÇÃO COMO RECURSO DIDÁTICO PARA O ENSINO DA MULTIPLICAÇÃO: DOMINÓ MATEMÁTICO
Authors: Dos Santos de Oliveira Raquel , Fontana Marques Angela , Rita da Costa Marchi Késsia
Published: November 2019

A operação de multiplicação é um conteúdo que está presente no ensino da matemática desde as séries iniciais do Ensino Fundamental. Embora esta operação seja decorrente das repetidas operações de adições de parcelas iguais, muitos alunos ainda possuem dificuldades em entender, compreender e aplicar a multiplicação. Neste contexto, o presente artigo tem por objetivo elaborar e apresentar o desenvolvimento de um jogo digital, Dominó Matemático, que será disponibilizado no ambiente web. Este jogo, que ainda está em fase de desenvolvimento, tem por finalidade servir como uma ferramenta didática e pedagógica capaz de contribuir para o processo de ensino e aprendizagem da operação de multiplicação de alunos que estudam no Ensino Fundamental. Para o desenvolvimento deste trabalho realizou-se uma revisão bibliográfica bem como a aplicação de um questionário online, voltado para os professores de matemática do Ensino Fundamental do município de Paranavaí a fim de verificar a viabilidade técnica do aplicativo que está sendo desenvolvido. O objetivo deste questionário é identificar quais são as dificuldades enfrentadas por professores e alunos no ensino da multiplicação, assim como, quais recursos tecnológicos a escola disponibiliza; se professores e alunos podem usufruir destes recursos; se os professores conhecem, sabem utilizar ou usam algum aplicativo ou website que auxilie no ensino da multiplicação, e caso não saibam utilizar se recebem algum tipo de formação. Para o desenvolvimento do layout do jogo utilizou-se a linguagem de marcação HTML5, para a formatação o CSS3, para as movimentações o JavaScript e a biblioteca JQuery, além da linguagem de programação PHP. Espera-se que este jogo sirva como uma ferramenta para que os professores de matemática possam disponibilizar aos alunos, oportunizando que estes de forma lúdica tenham contato ao conhecimento e sejam motivados a estudar, efetuar as multiplicações e treinar a tabuada.
USO DE APLICATIVOS COMO INSTRUMENTO PARA GESTÃO DO CONHECIMENTO NAS ORGANIZAÇÕES ESCOLARES: O CASO DO CENTRO DE EDUCAÇÃO INFANTIL PRIMEIRO TEMPO DA CIDADE DE MARINGÁ – PARANÁ
Authors: Periotto Tania Regina Corredato , Larrosa Sandra Aparecida Ortiz
Published: November 2019

O presente artigo teve como objetivo abordar a Gestão do Conhecimento dentro das Organizações Escolares por meio da utilização das Tecnologias da Informação e Comunicação (TICs), especificamente os aplicativos de comunicação. A metodologia adotada foi a do estudo de caso com interpretação qualitativa dos dados levantados. O universo estudado limitou-se a uma escola particular de educação infantil da cidade de Maringá/PR, que substituiu a agenda física pela virtual no formato de aplicativo. O trabalho está organizado em cinco etapas, construção e partilha do conhecimento, a importância da Gestão do Conhecimento dentro das organizações escolares, a presença das TICs dentro dos espaços escolares, a experiência de uso do aplicativo de comunicação, e, por fim, as considerações finais sobre a adoção do aplicativo. O uso das TICs não é mais uma novidade e, a questão está na mudança paradigmática daqueles que delas se apropriam, de modo que o façam de forma efetiva e significativa. A Gestão do Conhecimento, com o suporte das tecnologias, pode contribuir com a organização das escolas e aumentar a comunicação entre todos os envolvidos com o contexto escolar. Além disso, favorece a criação de comunidades de prática que facilitam a construção e a partilha do conhecimento, visando a melhoria do processo de ensino e aprendizagem.
Effect of dew-irrigation on seed germination in flax, fenugreek, and fennel
Authors: Hosseini Saiede Sargol , Heidari Hassan , Ghobadi Mohammad Eghbal , Nosratti Iraj
Published: November 2019

Drought limits plants growth. In many parts of the world, crop productions depend on water availability. Seed germination is a sensitive and low water stage in plants. A pot experiment was designed to test the effect of dew-irrigation on seed germination percentage of fennel, flax, and fenugreek. Irrigation treatments included dew-irrigation and control (non-irrigation). Results showed that dew-irrigation increased seed germination compared to control. Treatment of dew-irrigation had seed germination of 92.7%, 78.7% and 63.5% for flax, fenugreek, and fennel, respectively. But none of the seeds of control treatment germinated. Among plants studied, flax which is a cold season plant had the highest percentage of germination by dew-irrigation, and the plants that are the most heat-sensitive, such as fenugreek and fennel, had the lowest germination percentage. Results of this experiment determined that the moisture content in the air is capable to provide the necessary moisture for seed germination of the plants studied. In conclusion, dew-irrigation, due to supply low water, is better to be used at stages with lower water requirement such as germination. The ability of water supply by dew-irrigation at whole plant stage can be studied in the next experiments.
Deciphering the biodegradation of petroleum hydrocarbons using FTIR spectroscopy: application to a contaminated site
Authors: Yang Mingxing , Cao Zhendong , Zhang Yue , Wu Honghan
Published: November 2019

The chemical composition of groundwater in a petroleum-contaminated site is determined by the present functional groups and these play a vital role in a feasibility remediation technique. Based on the in situ investigation of a contaminated shallow groundwater in an oilfield, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy associated with chemometric treatments, principal component analysis (PCA), and simple-to-use interactive self-modeling mixture analysis (SIMPLISMA), were used to decipher the biodegradation process by analyzing the conversion of functional groups. Environmental factors that can influence microbial metabolism were also evaluated for a comprehensive explanation. FTIR spectroscopy and PCA results showed that the contamination in the study area can be divided into three parts based on FTIR spectra: (1) regular contamination plume distribution and biodegradation level to fresh oil, (2) moderate biodegradation area, and (3) intensive biodegradation area. FTIR spectra further revealed the present functional groups as aliphatic, aromatic, and polar family compounds. SIMPLISMA was used to discuss the degree of biodegradation along the flow path quantitatively and qualitatively and elucidated that the aliphatic and aromatic compounds were mainly metabolized into polar compounds with nitrogen, sulfur, and oxygen via microbes. During metabolism, microbial indices, such as the Shannon–Weaver, Simpson, and Pielou indices, indicated that microbial diversity did not greatly change; hence, hydrocarbons were constantly consumed to feed dominant microbes. Dissolved oxygen concentrations decreased from 4.58 ± 0.31 mg/L (in monitoring well Z1) to 3.21 ± 0.26 mg/L (in monitoring well Z16) and then became constant in the down-gradient area, demonstrating that aerobic biodegradation was the dominant process at the up-gradient plume. Results were in accordance with the oxidation index, which continuously increased from 0.028 ± 0.013 (in monitoring well Z1) to 0.669 ± 0.047 (in monitoring well Z10), showing that oxygen was consumed along the flow path. Similarly, concentration changes in Fe2+, Mn2+, and SO42− proved that the down-gradient area was in reduction condition.
Iterative Adaptation of a Maternal Nutrition Videos mHealth Intervention Across Countries Using Human-Centered Design: Qualitative Study (Preprint)
Authors: Isler Jasmin , Sawadogo N Hélène , Harling Guy , Bärnighausen Till , Adam Maya , Kagoné Moubassira , Sié Ali , Greuel Merlin , McMahon Shannon A
Published: November 2019

BACKGROUND

Mobile health (mHealth) video interventions are often transferred across settings. Although the outcomes of these transferred interventions are frequently published, the process of adapting such videos is less described, particularly within and across lower-income contexts. This study fills a gap in the literature by outlining experiences and priorities adapting a suite of South African maternal nutrition videos to the context of rural Burkina Faso.

OBJECTIVE

The objective of this study was to determine the key components in adapting a suite of maternal nutrition mHealth videos across settings.

METHODS

Guided by the principles of human-centered design, this qualitative study included 10 focus group discussions, 30 in-depth interviews, and 30 observations. We first used focus group discussions to capture insights on local nutrition and impressions of the original (South African) videos. After making rapid adjustments based on these focus group discussions, we used additional methods (focus group discussions, in-depth interviews, and observations) to identify challenges, essential video refinements, and preferences in terms of content delivery. All data were collected in French or Dioula, recorded, transcribed, and translated as necessary into French before being thematically coded by two authors.

RESULTS

We propose a 3-pronged Video Adaptation Framework that places the aim of video adaptation at the center of a triangle framed by end recipients, health workers, and the environment. End recipients (here, pregnant or lactating mothers) directed us to (1) align the appearance, priorities, and practices of the video’s protagonist to those of Burkinabe women; (2) be mindful of local realities whether economic, health-related, or educational; and (3) identify and routinely reiterate key points throughout videos and via reminder cards. Health workers (here, Community Health Workers and Mentor Mothers delivering the videos) guided us to (1) improve technology training, (2) simplify language and images, and (3) increase the frequency of their engagements with end recipients. In terms of the environment, respondents guided us to localize climate, vegetation, diction, and how foods are depicted.

CONCLUSIONS

Design research provided valuable insights in terms of developing a framework for video adaptation across settings, which other interventionists and scholars can use to guide adaptations of similar interventions.
Assessment of the Efficacy of a Mobile Phone–Delivered Just-in-Time Planning Intervention to Reduce Alcohol Use in Adolescents: Randomized Controlled Crossover Trial (Preprint)
Authors: Haug Severin , Paz Castro Raquel , Scholz Urte , Kowatsch Tobias , Schaub Michael Patrick , Radtke Theda
Published: November 2019

BACKGROUND

Interventions to reduce alcohol use typically include several elements, such as information on the risks of alcohol consumption, planning for sensible drinking, and training of protective behavioral strategies. However, the effectiveness of these individual intervention elements within comprehensive programs has not been addressed so far, but it could provide valuable insights for the development of future interventions. Just-in-time interventions provided via mobile devices are intended to help people make healthy decisions in the moment and thus could influence health behavior.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study was to test the proximal effects of a mobile phone–delivered, just-in-time planning intervention to reduce alcohol use in adolescents who reported recent binge drinking. The efficacy of this individual intervention element was tested within a comprehensive intervention program to reduce problem drinking in adolescents.

METHODS

The study had an AB/BA crossover design, in which participants were randomly allocated to (1) a group receiving the planning intervention (A) in period 1 and assessment only (B) in period 2 or (2) a group receiving assessment only (B) in period 1 and the planning intervention (A) in period 2. The planning intervention included a text message to choose one of two predetermined if-then plans to practice sensible drinking with friends or when going out and a prompt to visualize the chosen plan. There was a washout period of at least 1 week between period 1 and period 2.

RESULTS

Out of 633 program participants who recently binge drank, 136 (21.5%) were receptive in both periods of time and provided data on the proximal outcome, which was the number of alcoholic drinks consumed with friends or when going out. After the planning intervention, the number of alcoholic drinks consumed was approximately one standard drink lower compared with the finding without the intervention (P=.01).

CONCLUSIONS

A mobile phone–delivered, just-in-time, if-then planning intervention to practice sensible drinking with friends or when going out is effective in reducing alcohol consumption among adolescents who report recent binge drinking. Based on the relatively low percentage of participants with self-reported receptivity for the planning intervention, measures to increase the population impact of similar planning interventions should be implemented and tested in future trials.

CLINICALTRIAL

ISRCTN Registry ISRCTN52150713; http://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN52150713
Unibody Endograft Using AFX 2 for Less Invasive and Faster Endovascular Aortic Repair: Protocol for a Multicenter Nonrandomized Study (Preprint)
Authors: Silingardi Roberto , Sirignano Pasqualino , Andreoli Francesco , Mansour Wassim , Migliari Mattia , Speziale Francesco ,   LIVE Study Collaborators
Published: November 2019

BACKGROUND

Since the introduction of endovascular aortic repair (EVAR) for treatment of abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs), progressive improvements in results have been achieved. However, conventional bifurcated stent grafts have been proven to have a nonnegligible risk of failure and secondary intervention, principally due to the lack of adequate proximal sealing. The unique AFX 2 Endovascular AAA System (Endologix, Irvine, CA) unibody device, which provides different sealing and fixation features compared with conventional devices, seems to overcome these limitations.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study is to evaluate intraoperative, perioperative, and postoperative results in patients treated with the AFX 2 Endovascular AAA System endografts for elective AAA repair in a large cohort of consecutive patients.

METHODS

All eligible EVAR patients will be included in this observational, multicenter, prospective, nonrandomized study. The number of patients to be enrolled is 500.

RESULTS

The primary endpoint of the study is to evaluate the technical and clinical success of EVAR with unibody endografts in short- (90-day), mid- (1-year), and long-term (5-year) follow-up periods. The following secondary endpoints will also be addressed: operative time, intraoperative radiation exposure, contrast medium usage, AAA sac shrinkage at 12-month and 5-year follow-up, and any potential role of patients’ baseline characteristics and device configuration on primary endpoint. The actual start date of the investigation was November 2019. The final patient is expected to be treated by the end of December 2020, and the estimated study completion date is December 2025.

CONCLUSIONS

This study will provide verified real-world data on AAAs treated by AFX 2 endografts and followed for a long-term interval.

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

PRR1-10.2196/16959
Effects of Pre-Course Preparation Using a Serious Smartphone Game on Advanced Life Support Knowledge and Skills: A randomized controlled trial. (Preprint)
Authors: Phungoen Pariwat , Promto Songwoot , Chantawattanarak Siwit , Maneepong Sawitree , Apiratwarakul Korakot , Kotruchin Praew , Mitsungnern Thapanawong
Published: November 2019

BACKGROUND

Over the past several years, gamified learning has been growing in popularity in various medical educational contexts including cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) training. Furthermore, prior work in Basic Life Support (BLS) training has demonstrated the benefits of serious games as a method for pre-training among medical students. However, there is little evidence to support these benefits with regard to Advanced Life Support (ALS) training

OBJECTIVE

We compare the effects of a brief pre-course ALS preparation course using a serious smartphone game on students' knowledge, skills, and perceptions in this area with those of conventional ALS training alone.

METHODS

A serious game (Resus Days) was developed by a Thai physician based on global ALS clinical practice guidelines. Fifth-year medical students were enrolled and randomized to either a game group or a control group. Participants in both groups attended a traditional lecture, but the game group were pretrained using Resus days (1 hour prior to the lecture). All students underwent conventional ALS training, and their abilities were evaluated using multiple choice questions and with hands-on practice on a mannequin. Subjects' attitudes and perceptions about the game were evaluated using a questionnaire.

RESULTS

A total of 105 students participated in the study and were randomly assigned to either the game group (n = 52) or the control group (n = 53). Students in the game group improved at a higher rate on the algorithm knowledge test compared with those in the control group (17.33±1.93 vs. 16.60±1.97, p=0.01). The game group's pass rate on the skill test was also higher, but not to a statistically significant extent (79% vs. 66%; p=0.09). Students also indicated high satisfaction with the game (9.02±1.11 out of 10).

CONCLUSIONS

Engaging in game-based preparation prior to an ALS training course resulted in greater improvements to medical students’ algorithm knowledge scores than attending the course alone.

CLINICALTRIAL

The clinical trial registration number is TCTR20190809002.
Change in Dyslipidemia with Declining Glomerular Filtration Rate and Increasing Proteinuria in Children with CKD
Authors: Saland Jeffrey M. , Kupferman Juan C. , Pierce Christopher B. , Flynn Joseph T. , Mitsnefes Mark M. , Warady Bradley A. , Furth Susan L.
Published: November 2019

Background and objectives

Dyslipidemia, a risk factor for cardiovascular disease, is common in CKD but its change over time and how that change is influenced by concurrent progression of CKD have not been previously described.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements

In the CKD in Children study we prospectively followed children with progressive CKD and utilized multivariable, linear mixed-effects models to quantify the longitudinal relationship between within-subject changes in lipid measures (HDL cholesterol, non-HDL cholesterol, triglycerides) and within-subject changes in GFR, proteinuria, and body mass index (BMI).

Results

A total of 508 children (76% nonglomerular CKD, 24% glomerular CKD) had 2–6 lipid measurements each, with a median follow-up time of 4 (interquartile range [IQR], 2.1–6.0) years. Among children with nonglomerular CKD, dyslipidemia was common at baseline (35%) and increased significantly as children aged; 43% of children with glomerular CKD had dyslipidemia at baseline and demonstrated persistent levels as they aged. Longitudinal increases in proteinuria were independently associated with significant concomitant increases in non-HDL cholesterol (nonglomerular: 4.9 [IQR, 3.4–6.4] mg/dl; glomerular: 8.5 [IQR, 6.0–11.1] mg/dl) and triglycerides (nonglomerular: 3% [IQR, 0.8%–6%]; glomerular: 5% [IQR, 0.6%–9%]). Decreases in GFR over follow-up were significantly associated with concomitant decreases of HDL cholesterol in children with nonglomerular CKD (−1.2 mg/dl; IQR, −2.1 to −0.4 mg/dl) and increases of non-HDL cholesterol in children with glomerular CKD (3.9 mg/dl; IQR, 1.4–6.5 mg/dl). The effects of increased BMI also affected multiple lipid changes over time. Collectively, glomerular CKD displayed stronger, deleterious associations between within-subject change in non-HDL cholesterol (9 mg/dl versus 1.2 mg/dl; P<0.001) and triglycerides (14% versus 3%; P=0.004), and within-subject change in BMI; similar but quantitatively smaller differences between the two types of CKD were noted for associations of within-subject change in lipids to within-subject change in GFR and proteinuria.

Conclusions

Dyslipidemia is a common and persistent complication in children with CKD and it worsens in proportion to declining GFR, worsening proteinuria, and increasing BMI.
Assessing the Higher Secondary Level Text Book through Reading and Writing Skills: An Empirical Investigation
Authors: Neshe Lazina Hossain
Published: November 2019

The article aims to look at evaluating English for Today for Class XI-XII of the HSC Textbook in the light of reading and writing skills which has been prescribed by the NCTB (National Curriculum Textbook Board) of Bangladesh from the current academic session. Based on the questionnaire approach with the five HSC level English teachers and ten students from Scholars College, Tongi thana, Gazipur district, this study focuses on the reading and writing pedagogies to critically evaluate the effectiveness of the materials, and identifies the difficulties that teachers and students encounter. The findings of the study revealed a disparity between students’ needs and what the HSC reading and writing syllabus contains, and its actual implementation in the classroom. The teachers adopted an approach to reading and writing skills which was overridingly form-focused and product-oriented. They performed roles which were traditional, i.e., the teacher as a purveyor of knowledge and evaluator. Teachers have lack training in areas specific to the development of reading and writing skills and are unaware of recent developments in teaching and learning policy. This study contributed to the documentation of curriculum evaluation studies in the context of Bangladesh education system as well as frameworks for the assessment of reading and writing skills. Awareness has been raised about the hindering and helpful factors in bringing about a new change. General caution is suggested in the making of foreign methodologies appropriate to the HSC level textbook. Based on the findings of this study, recommendations are also made in relation to curriculum development and pedagogy of English for Today for Class XI-XII.
PENERAPAN METODE MIND MAPPING UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KETERAMPILAN MENULIS KARANGAN DESKRIPSI BAHASA INGGRIS PESERTA DIDIK KELAS X AP-1 SMK WIDYA MANDALA BADUNG
Authors: Purna Wijaya I Made
Published: November 2019

[Title: The Application of Mind Mapping Method to Improve Writing Skill in Writting English Descriptive Text of Students at Grades X AP-1 SMK Widya Mandala Badung] The aim of this paper is to determine students’ writing skill in doing descriptive. The research was conducted in the form of classroom action research, and mind mapping as learning method applied for improving students’writing skill. The application of this method in teaching and learning process arre expected to solve the problem that are faced by students at grade X AP1 SMK Widya Mandala. Constructivism theory were used to determine the learning model , in this case it has the same direction with mind mapping method. The theory of grammar and writing theory were used as a reference in making the assessment rubric. Methods of data collection and data analysis techniques performed quantitatively and qualitatively. Data were collected through a method of testing, observatiaon and questionnaires. The quantitative data collected through test and questionnaires, while the qualitative through observation. The result of the data analysis were presented in tables and charts with the description. The increased writing skill of the students can be seen from the average class grade, that is it is 63,7 in the pre-test, in the first cycle it became 73,9 and in the second cycle it became 78,3. The increased writing skill of the students is also proved by the increased percentage of grade achieved by the students that is more than 70. In the pre-test, the percentage of grade achieved was 33,33%, in the first cycle it became 59,26% and in the second cycle it became 100%.
ANALISIS SEMIOTIK IKLAN PARIWISATA NEGARA AUSTRALIA
Authors: Manik Warmadewi Anak Agung Istri
Published: November 2019

[Title: Semiotic analysis on Australian tourism advertisement] The aim of this study is to analyze the "signifier and signified which contain in two Australian tourism advertisements. Each of them has their own theme, those are “Zoo without Fences” and “Meet the Locals”. The method that is used in collecting the data is documentation method and to analyze the data in this study, semiotic analysis method is used which relies to Roland Barthes theory, for signifier, signified, denotation and connotation. Based on final identification and data analysis, can be known that all advertisements have the same denotation meaning but different connotation meaning. The connotation meaning for each advertisement is different to other advertisement. For example, first advertisement has connotation meaning unlimited tranquility and freedom in Kangaroo Island. While the second advertisement means feeling the patienty of local habitant of Australia.
CARA-CARA NICA MEMPENGARUHI RAKYAT SUPAYA TIDAK BERSIMPATI KEPADA PARA PEJUANG PADA MASA REVOLUSI FISIK DI BALI 1945-1950
Authors: Astika Pidada Ida Bagus
Published: November 2019

[Title: The Ways of Influencing the People of NICA to Understand at Physical Revolution for Balinese People in Bali 1945-1950] Giving up without the conditions of Lieutenant General H. Ter Pooerten (Commander of the Dutch East Indies) to Lieutenant General Hitosyi Imamura (Japanese Army Chief), then the Dutch East Indies government has since ended in Indonesia. Not a long time ago Japan ruled in Indonesia, on August 15th, 1945 surrendered unconditionally to the allies. Then on March 2nd, 1946 the Y Brigade began landed along the Sanur coast. This Y Brigade is nicknamed "Gajah Merah". The arrival of the Gajah Merah in Bali, the situation became unsafe. The arrival of the Dutch (NICA) received resistance from fighters in Bali under the leadership of Lieutenant Colonel I Gusti Ngurah Rai. Sympathy getting from the Dutch people use various ways of influencing. The Dutch (NICA) influences the people in two ways, namely by means of soft and violent methods. In the soft way the Dutch (NICA) gave material to the people such as: giving cigarettes, snacks, money, batik cloth, rice and traveling by car. In providing soft assistance the Dutch also use their accomplices such as: NICA Gandek, AP and others. The Netherlands (NICA) in this case looks good and generous to the people so they get sympathy. Generally, it is influenced by the Dutch, whose economies are poor and whose education is low. By means of violence, the Dutch deliberately exhibited fighters who were captured by the public such as being kicked, beaten, dragged by car, and shot in front of the people. This method is carried out to regions that are pro-republic so that people become deterred and afraid. In this way the Dutch (NICA) hopes that the people will no longer want to help the fighters. To fall on the mentality of the Dutch people (NICA) deliberately stripped their hands or soldiers who were killed in a war that was paraded around the city by using an open truck that was rumored to be a young man who was killed. The mothers and fathers who were provoked by the Dutch propaganda, his soul was shaken. This is the way the Dutch influenced the Balinese people, however, the Balinese people and fighters were not deterred. Evidently the people and fighters remain united so that the physical revolution that took place in Bali can last long enough.
JARGON CAPRES – CAWAPRES FIKTIF; NURHADI – ALDO DALAM WACANA PRA-PEMILU DI INDONESIA TAHUN 2019
Authors: Dwi Setiadi I Gede
Published: November 2019

[Title: The Jargon of Presidential and Vice Presidential Candidate; Nurhadi-Aldo in the Pre-Election Discourse in Indonesia in 2019] This study discusses the phenomenon of the emergence of the fictional vice-presidential candidate Nurhadi-Aldo in the midst of the heat of the situation in 2019 pre-election Indonesian politics with a number of unique jargon. The uniqueness of jargon is the result of the words that are used so it is interesting to discuss the meaning and structure of the sentence. This study uses a theory that is discourse analysis theory to find the meaning of these jargon. The theory of discourse analysis consists of three structures, namely (1) macro structure, (2) superstructure, and (3) microstructure. The macro structure consists of thematic observation domains or themes. The superstructure consists of a schematic field of observation, namely how the structure and elements of the discourse are arranged in full text. The micro structure consists of the domains of observation (a) semantics, (b) syntax, (c) stylistics, and (d) rhetorical. However, in this study the realm of syntactic observation is not used because it is considered that no data can be examined.
Применение математического метода локальных вариаций для решения задач пластического формоизменения металлических, порошковыхи нанокомпозиционных материалов
Authors: Журавлев Г. М. , Гвоздев А. Е. , Колмаков А. Г. , Сергеев А. Н. , Малий Д. В.
Published: November 2019

В работе рассмотрен подход к решению задач пластического формоизменения с использование вариационного подхода, который позволяет определить напряженнодеформированное состояние и связанные с ним технологические параметры с учетом совокупности реологических свойств обрабатываемых материалов. На основе первого энергетического принципа механики, строящегося на теоремах об экстремальных свойствах, когда действительному полю скоростей соответствует абсолютный минимум полной мощности процесса формоизменения, составлен энергетический функционал. Энергетический функционал представляет собой баланс мощности внутренних и внешних сил. Под мощностью внутренних сил понимаются затраты мощности пластической деформации; мощности, связанной с наличием поверхностей разрыва скоростей в объеме деформируемой среды; мощности сил трения, на контактной границе с инструментом; инерционная компонента мощности, затрачиваемая на изменение кинетической энергии. Такая постановка дает возможность исследовать так же и процессы высокоскоростного деформирования, Данный функционал характеризует состояние материала при данных условиях обработки. Для решения данного функционала применен метод локальных вариаций, который относится к прямым численным методам вариационного исчисления. Приведен, в качестве примера, алгоритм расчета мощности пластической деформации для процесса обратного выдавливания стакана из изотропного, жесткопластического материала.
К 70-летию академика РАН Алексея Джерменовича Гвишиани
Authors: Соловьёв А. А. , Краснопёров Р. И.
Published: November 2019

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O ensino de texto nos anos de 1970 no Brasil: das técnicas linguístico-cognitivas como políticas linguísticas
Authors: Vidon Luciano Novaes
Published: November 2019

Procuramos discutir neste artigo como concepções estruturalistas-formalistas e funcionalistas reverberaram na política linguística para o ensino de língua portuguesa no Brasil ao longo dos anos de 1970 e início dos anos de 1980. Para isso, analisamos um compêndio publicado pelo MEC em 1981, o livro “O ensino de língua portuguesa e literatura brasileira no 2° grau – Sugestões metodológicas”, uma espécie de Parâmetros Curriculares de sua época, que reflete e refrata, de um lado, a concepção de língua(gem) hegemônica, defendida oficialmente pelo Ministério da Educação e Cultura, e, de outro, concepções de língua(gem) e de ensino defendidas por diferentes teorias que ocupavam, naquele momento, a arena discursiva acadêmica nas áreas de Linguística e Educação no Brasil. Desse embate, tenso e contraditório, como não poderia deixar de ser, sobressai uma visão tecnicista de ensino de texto (redação), com base em uma psicologia ao mesmo tempo inatista e comportamental, que, de certa forma, parece nos assombrar até os dias atuais. As reflexões se dão com base nos estudos bakhtinianos, sob um viés sócio-histórico.
Sarbanes-Oxley, corporate governance, and strategic dividend decisions
Authors: Bertus Mark , Jahera Jr. John S. , Yost Keven
Published: November 2019

This paper empirically analyzes the impact of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act on the relation between measures of corporate governance and a firm’s dividend policy in the U.S. equity market. Using the IRRC database, we find that there is a statistically significant relation between governance measures and a firm’s dividend policy in the years prior to the introduction of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. However, following Sarbanes-Oxley, the relation between a firm’s governance structure and dividend policy changes. In particular, shareholders’ rights and the proportion of outside directors are no longer significant in explaining a firm’s dividend policy.